bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relevance of Fracture Mechanics in Rolling Bearing: Functional Property Determination and Steel Quality Assurance
Authors: Coudert Jean-Baptiste , Kerrigan Aidan , Mondelin Alexandre , Mahéo Yves
Published: September 2020

Material property tests involving linear elastic fracture mechanics tests are established within the bearing industry. Plane strain fracture mechanics and threshold stress intensity measures are used as portrayals of the bearing steel functional properties and as a steel quality assurance measure. The perceived attraction in the use of fracture mechanics measures is their use as numerical design limits—for example, ΔKth and KIC measures of defect size limits for fatigue (stable) crack growth and overload fracture, respectively. The sensitivity of impact toughness testing is also evaluated in comparison to plane strain fracture testing. The paper reviews some of the pertinent bearing steel fracture mechanics literature and the relevance of fracture mechanics in steel quality assessment, powder metallurgy (PM), and vacuum induction melting–vacuum arc refining (VIM-VAR) steelmaking through hardening heat treatment and core toughness assessment in carburizing high-temperature rolling bearings. The use of Ashby diagrams of yield strength versus calculated plastic zone size in fracture toughness is demonstrated to evaluate design limits for structurally loaded bearing rings.
Quantitative Ultrasonic Characterization of Subsurface Inclusions in Tapered Roller Bearings
Authors: Islam Showmic , Deshpande Satyajeet P. , Sotelo Luz D. , Norouzian Musa , Lumpkin Michael T. , Ammerlaan Liesl F. , Fuller Allen J. , Turner Joseph A.
Published: September 2020

Initiation sites for rolling contact fatigue (RCF) in bearing components are often associated with subsurface inclusions. The presence of such defects within the region of maximum shear stress just below the contact surface can increase the local state of stress. Eventually, the high-stress region may initiate microcrack formation, leading to raceway spall that is detrimental to bearing performance. Thus, bearing steel cleanliness is critical, particularly in the near-race region. In this article, recent ultrasonic surface wave inspection methods are described with which subsurface inclusions can be identified and characterized. Our past work has shown that such an approach can be used to identify subsurface inclusions that spall when subjected to simulated service life tests. Here, the quantitative aspects of this research will be highlighted. The surface wave penetration depth and the reflection amplitude from an inclusion are both frequency dependent. Thus, multifrequency ultrasonic inspection procedures have been developed to exploit this behavior to identify the size and depth of inclusions. Reference measurements are based on samples created with artificial defects that have a known size and depth. Finite element (FE) modeling is used to identify inclusion sizes and depths that are deemed critical to bearing performance from which the ultrasonic inspection criteria are generated. This work is expected to impact the field of nondestructive testing for bearing components subjected to RCF.
Influence of Steel Cleanliness on RCF and WEC Formation
Authors: Blass Toni , Xu Xiaohong , Wunder Kirsten , Trojahn Werner , Geng Ke , Li Feng
Published: September 2020

It is well known that the amount and size of nonmetallic inclusions (NMIs) in bearing steel determines its performance in terms of classical rolling contact fatigue (RCF), especially if the bearing is subjected to high loads. Therefore, decreasing the NMI content in steel is seen as a key factor in prolonging the lifetime of bearing parts. Furthermore, it is presumed that the white etching cracks (WECs) formed in bearings as a consequence of so-called “additional loads” acting during time in service (e.g., electrical current, strong dynamics, critical additives) originate at very small size NMIs. Therefore, it is speculated in the literature that a cleaner steel should have a positive impact on this failure mechanism as well. In this study, bearing component tests with steels exhibiting different levels of cleanliness have been conducted. To start, classical RCF tests were performed, which are known to be highly sensitive to NMI content in the material. In addition, WEC tests with defined WEC-provoking additional loads were conducted to identify the role of NMIs for this nonclassical fatigue mechanism. It is observed that the microscopic cleanliness strongly affects the lifetime if classical material fatigue is the dominating failure mode, and that so-called superclean steels such as XCS3 have superior performance compared to standard qualities. In contrast, the formation of WECs is unaffected from the level of microscopic cleanliness.
Spall Propagation Characteristics of As-Manufactured Aerospace Bearing Steels
Authors: Trivedi Hitesh K. , Haywood DaMari A. , Kirsch Mathew S. , Rosado Lewis
Published: September 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the spall propagation characteristics of several advanced aerospace bearing steels. Spall propagation experiments were conducted on new bearings at a 2.41 GPa (350 ksi) maximum Hertzian contact stress. Rockwell hardness indentations at 150 kg were used to initiate the spall. Spall initiation tests were conducted at a maximum Hertzian stress of 2.65 GPa (385 Ksi). Both spall initiation and propagation tests were conducted at 128 °C. All of the bearings were made to the same 208-size bearing geometry with a split inner race, silver plated 4340 cage, and silicon nitride rolling elements. Vacuum induction melted-vacuum arc remelted (VIM-VAR) American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) M50 (with both M50 and Si3N4 rolling elements) and VIM-VAR M50 NiL bearing steels were used as the baseline materials. Pyrowear 675 in two different heat treatments and nitrided versions of M50, M50NiL, and Pyrowear 675 configurations were compared to the baseline materials. The effect of alloy and heat treatment on the spall propagation rate was examined. The propagation rates of the bearings were measured using an oil debris monitor (ODM). The ODM is a self-contained sensor with an inductive coil to continuously monitor metallic debris in the lubricant scavenge system. By counting the number and size of particles flowing through the coil, the spall propagation characteristics of the bearings can be determined in situ. The bearings were also investigated for alteration in microstructure.
Influence of Heat Treatment Conditions on the Dimensional Stability of SAE 52100
Authors: Sidoroff-Coicaud Christine , Le Bourlot Christophe , Dessolin Carole , Perez Michel , Lejay Victor , Dubois Pierre-Emmanuel , Dierickx Pierre
Published: September 2020

Bearing steels are heat treated to obtain martensitic microstructures that provide high hardness necessary for good rolling contact fatigue performance. For the most common bearing steel, SAE 52100, without specific thermal treatments such as stabilizing tempering, the microstructure consists of unstable phases that can evolve in service leading to detrimental dimensional variations. A previous publication of the 10th ASTM bearing steel conference held in 2014 focused on explaining and modeling the dimensional variations induced by thermal aging of SAE 52100 and the role of retained austenite in the expansion occurring in service. The influence of a few heat treatment parameters on retained austenite content was also briefly discussed based on the literature. Very few publications are available in the literature regarding the influence of heat treatment parameters on dimensional stability. An experimental study was conducted at NTN-SNR to better understand this topic. It was based on the same methodology presented in 2014 but with different initial heat treatments. The influence of austenitizing parameters such as time and temperatures, but also of the cooling conditions during quench, were examined. Different experimental techniques were used to precisely qualify and quantify microstructural evolutions: thermoelectric power measurements, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, and quench dilatometry. Through this study, it was concluded that the widely held belief that the amount of retained austenite is the only parameter to assess expansion in service was too simple. In some cases, heat treatments with similar retained austenite contents led to significant differences in dimensional stability. This article describes such results, depending on the initial heat treatment, and proposes an explanation on the microstructural phenomena leading to these differences.
Adhesive Wear Performance of Pyrowear 675 in All-Metal and Hybrid Configuration
Authors: Isaac Daulton D. , Kirsch Mathew S. , Hellman Patrick T. , Foye Andrew S. , Trivedi Hitesh K.
Published: September 2020

An adhesive wear failure mode is of particular concern when rolling bodies are operating in the boundary lubrication regime, and its occurrence is also sensitive to loading and temperature as well as the chemical interactions occurring on the rolling surfaces. In this work, the adhesive wear performance of two heat treatments, low-temperature temper (LTT) and high-temperature temper (HTT), of the case hardened martensitic bearing steel Pyrowear 675 was investigated using a ball-on-disc apparatus in an all-metal and hybrid configuration with a silicon nitride (Si3N4) ball. Adhesive wear results obtained with an AISI M50 disc were used as a baseline for comparison. A material with previously studied poor adhesive wear resistance, Cronidur 30 (CR30), was also investigated. Tests were conducted at a temperature of 200°C and maximum Hertzian stress of 1.95 GPa. An MIL-PRF-23699 oil with a nominal viscosity of 5 cSt at 100°C was used as the lubricant. In the test protocol, different lubrication regimes were explored by varying the entraining velocity from 10.75 m/s down to 1.27 m/s at constant values of percent slip (15%, 30%, 50%, and 70%). Traction curves and optical microscope images were used to determine the occurrence of adhesive wear. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was utilized to examine the wear tracks. The all-metal tests revealed equally poor adhesive wear resistance in both tempers of P675 relative to the M50 baseline. In the hybrid configuration, all the tested materials exhibited excellent performance except for CR30, which was the only hybrid to see an adhesive wear failure. It is noted that when paired with Si3N4, the adhesive wear resistance of Pyrowear 675 is seen to be equal to that of all-metal M50.
Investigation of Fatigue Behavior around Nonmetallic Inclusion Using a Newly Developed Rolling Contact Fatigue Test Method
Authors: Fujimatsu Takeshi
Published: September 2020

In recent years, automobile electrification and wind power generation have been expanded worldwide, and the conditions of bearing use in these processes will become more severe. In order to develop a longer life product, it is necessary to clarify the mechanism of internal fracture from the viewpoint of crack initiation and propagation around the inclusion, which is the principle of fatigue behavior. In this research regarding inclusion-originated flaking, a new rolling contact fatigue (RCF) test method was proposed to visualize the crack behavior around inclusions that contributes to life improvement and establishment of quantitative life prediction technology. This method enables us to introduce the preselected inclusion artificially into the test pieces. Furthermore, it also makes it possible to control the interfacial state between an inclusion and its surrounding matrix. Based on the results, the RCF models for internal fracture are classified into two cases. One is the case of an inclusion with an artificially introduced gap. This model allows shallow-inclined crack initiation from both sides of the inclusion, followed by horizontal crack propagation until flaking. The cracking behavior is similar to the case of a cavity in steel; therefore, this type of defect is harmful for RCF life. The other case is that of an inclusion without a gap. The model allows that the crack initiates nearly 45° to the contact surface around the inclusion and then arrests. This type of defect is less harmful for RCF life.
Man's Best Friend? The Effects of Being Rejected by a Pet
Authors: Richman Stephanie B.
Published: September 2020

Introduction: People can be rejected by friends, strangers, hated outgroups, or computer simulations. The present research examines whether people can be rejected by pets.

Methods: Two studies examined whether people can feel rejected by pets and how this affects their mood, fundamental needs, and aggression. Participants in Study 1 were directly rejected by a pet using an adapted version of the video message paradigm, and then reported on their mood, fundamental needs, and aggression. Study 2 directly compared differences in needs when writing about a rejection experience by a pet, a rejection experience by a person, and a control experience.

Results: Study 1 confirmed that people can feel rejected by their pets by demonstrating that those who were rejected felt more negatively and less positively and had decreased need satisfaction, however they did not experience any changes in their aggression. Finally, in Study 2, people who were rejected by a pet or by a person experienced decreased need satisfaction as compared to a control experience.

Discussion: Ultimately, these studies confirm pets can be perpetrators of rejection and such rejection hurts similarly to if a human perpetrated it. This may add to the growing body of research suggesting that pets do not provide uniformly positive effects on people.
Expanding the Science Capital in K–12 Science Textbooks: A Notable Doctor's Insights into Biology & Other Accomplishments of African American Scientists
Authors: Quinlan Catherine L.
Published: September 2020

This article explores the need to include the science capital and cultural capital of African Americans in science teaching and offers practical exemplars for inclusion in the K–12 science curriculum. The author discusses ideas in the evolution of culture that contribute to the science content and perspectives of current textbooks and their supporting educative curriculum materials. The exemplars provided shed light on the scientific concepts and ideas indicated by the scientific accomplishments and narratives of African American scientists and a notable doctor, Charles R. Drew. The practical considerations described have implications for the disciplinary core ideas in the Next Generation Science Standards, and for understanding the cultural, social, and political values inherent in the nature of science.
Using Poetry in the Undergraduate Biology Classroom
Authors: McVey Mitch , Pechenik Jan A.
Published: September 2020

Traditional assessments in college biology classrooms, such as exams and lab reports, often have limited utility in promoting long-lasting understanding of course material and do not always engage students from all backgrounds. The inclusion of creative scientific writing assignments, especially those that require application of sophisticated course material, is an underutilized strategy in higher education. Here, we describe our use of student-generated poetry in two midlevel undergraduate biology classes. We have found that by encouraging students to write poems in response to carefully crafted prompts and having them assess the scientific accuracy of the poems, we can encourage them to identify misconceptions prior to exams, potentially resulting in deeper and longer-lasting understanding of course material. Furthermore, the inclusion of poetry empowers students who might not otherwise participate in class to contribute, resulting in a more inclusive classroom climate.
Segregación Educativa en Tiempos de Pandemia: Balance de las Acciones Iniciales durante el Aislamiento Social por el Covid-19 en Argentina
Authors: Álvarez Marisa , Gardyn Natalia , Iardelevsky Alberto , Rebello Gabriel
Published: September 2020

La Argentina ha implementado medidas de aislamiento social obligatorio inicialmente previsto para un período de quince días y luego prorrogado, recién iniciado el año escolar. Este artículo brinda una aproximación a las estrategias de gestión que se desarrollaron ante el contexto de aislamiento obligatorio, un análisis de los primeros instrumentos normativos, su relación con el desarrollo curricular, y sus efectos en términos de segregación educativa. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo, utilizando un método cualitativo, a partir de análisis documental y entrevistas a protagonistas del sistema educativo que debieron implementar las políticas en dicho contexto. La preexistencia de brechas en el acceso a recursos digitales, la invisibilización de las condiciones reales de la población, las decisiones vertiginosas de los niveles de gobierno centrales combinado con la heterogeneidad de las resoluciones a nivel institucional y a nivel de grupo escolar evidencian aspectos de profundización de la segmentación educativa
La Brecha Digital en Estudiantes Españoles ante la Crisis de la Covid-19
Authors: Rodicio-García Mª Luisa , Ríos-de-Deus Mª Paula , Mosquera-González Mª José , Penado Abilleira María
Published: September 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer cómo los estudiantes están viviendo la situación actual de docencia no presencial “impuesta” por la Covid-19. Los participantes son 593 estudiantes españoles, mayoritariamente mujeres (76,4%), de una edad media de 22,76 años (Dt = 6,541), que viven en ciudades grandes (86,1%) y estudian en la universidad (61,7%). La recogida de datos se ha realizado con un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc que se responde en una escala tipo Likert de cinco categorías. La fiabilidad es alta (? = 0,890) y los resultados indican que la mayoría del alumnado cuenta con móvil, ordenador portátil o Tablet, con acceso a internet; pero el 14,8% reconocen no tener los recursos necesarios para afrontar la situación actual. Un 40,6% se ha desplazado para vivir el confinamiento en otro lugar (vivienda familiar, segunda residencia, etc.) y un 24,3% está en una localidad de menos de 100.000 habitantes, dato que se asocia con el hecho de que ahora cuenten con menos recursos. El alumnado de mayor edad considera que posee habilidades tecnológicas insuficientes, dificultades para implementar con eficacia las indicaciones del centro educativo y dificultad para ponerse al día ante los cambios constantes de las TIC.
Cierre de Escuelas y Desigualdad Socioeducativa en Tiempos del Covid-19. Una Investigación Exploratoria en Clave Internacional
Authors: Cáceres-Muñoz Jorge , Jiménez Hernández Antonio Salvador , Martín-Sánchez Miguel
Published: September 2020

La pandemia del Covid-19, causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, ha cambiado el modus vivendi de miles de personas en todo el mundo. La excepcionalidad y la emergencia ha influido en diversos sectores y ámbitos de la vida social e institucional de los seres humanos como el sanitario, económico, político o educativo. El objetivo de este estudio es ofrecer una perspectiva internacional sobre el proceso de cierre de escuelas y sus consecuencias educativo-sociales a través de las percepciones de informantes clave. Con una muestra que alcanza 23 países y 4 continentes distintos, las percepciones se han analizado en base a siete categorías: Tiempos en la ejecución, anticipación o demora de medidas. Carácter democrático-participativo de las medidas educativas tomadas. Adaptación curricular, didáctica y metodológica. Infraestructura y recursos para una adecuada formación a distancia. Percepciones acerca del profesorado. Percepciones sobre el entorno familiar. Propuestas alternativas. Los resultados muestran una elevada diversidad de maneras de afrontar esta situación, pero con similares consecuencias para la población más vulnerable. Ello implica una llamada de atención a responsables y agentes del ámbito educativo para frenar la desigualdad educativa y social que el Covid-19 puede estar generando.
Efficacy and Safety of Ledispavir/Sofosbuvir with or without Ribavirin in patients with Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatitis C Infection: a Cohort Study
Authors: Gheorghe Liliana Simona , Preda Carmen , Iliescu Laura , Istratescu Doina , Chifulescu Andreea Elena , Pop Corina Silvia , Trifan Anca , Stanciu Carol , Diculescu Mircea , Voiosu Theodor , Baicus Cristian , Tugui Letitia , Iacob Speranta , Tieranu Cristian , Meianu Corina , Manuc Mircea
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims: Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) with or without Ribavirin (RBV) has shown good results in terms of efficacy and safety in clinical trials in advanced liver cirrhosis, but real-life data are still needed in order to confirm this profile. We investigated the efficacy and safety of LDV/SOF in a large Romanian population with liver cirrhosis and genotype 1b hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Methods: We analyzed a multicentric retrospective cohort enrolling 349 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis due to HCV who received LDV/SOF±RBV 12/24 weeks (301/48). Patients were included between 2017-2018, all with genotype 1b. Main inclusion criteria were liver cirrhosis and detectable HCV RNA. The cases were followed-up monthly during therapy and 12 weeks after the end of therapy.

Results: The cohort included 60% females with a median age of 61, 16% interferon (IFN) pre-treated, 53% with comorbidities, 40/53/7 % with Child Pugh A/B/C, 4% with virus B co-infection and 8% with previously treated hepatocellular carcinoma. Mean initial MELD score was 11.92 (6.82÷ 24.5). Six patients were lost during follow-up. Sustained virologic response (SVR) in intention-to-treat was reported in 85.1%. Predictive factors of SVR in decompensated cirrhosis were female gender (p=0.01), advanced age (p<0.001), lower bilirubin levels (p=0.002) and lower CTP score (p=0.02). In patients with CTP score B or C low bilirubin levels (p=0.003), low INR (p<0.001), increased platelet count (p=0.04), low CTP score (p<0.001), lack of encephalopathy (p=0.02), serum albumin >3.5g/dl (p=0.002) predicted improvement of liver function. Serious adverse events were reported in 16/349 (4.6%), most of them due to severe liver decompensation (9/16).

Conclusions: LDV/SOF±RBV proved to be highly efficient in our difficult to treat population with 85.1% SVR.
Covid-19 and endocrinology – intersections: a review of current knowledge on physiopathological associations
Authors: Santos Lucas Ribeiro dos , Filho Ricardo Baer , Almeida Alves Thais Amanda Frank de , Jardine Matheus Budahazi , Duarte Márcio Luís
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The coronavirus-19 pandemic has reached historic dissemination, with a huge impact on physical, social and psychological well-being; understanding the pathophysiology of the disease is extremely important, as it can lead to effective therapy formulations. Objective: In this review, we will explore the current evidence surrounding the interactions of endocrine conditions and possible treatment targets. Methods: we reviewed the Medline, EMBASE and LiLACS databases using the keywords “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2”, crossing them with the keywords “Obesity”, “Diabetes Mellitus”, “Vitamin D”, “ Estradiol ”,“ Testosterone ”,“ Male ”and“ Female ”; we will describe the results found in a narrative way. Results: The association of diabetes mellitus, obesity and worse prognosis of people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, as well as the gender dimorphism of severity and the role of vitamin D deficiency will all be described. Conclusion: There is a riddle involving SARS-CoV-2 infection, intrinsic risk factors of the host, as well as the immune response to the infection, which is still in the solution phase; a better understanding of such mechanisms can lead to the development of highly effective treatment, as well as policies of social isolation.
Orchestrated Testing of Formula Type to Reduce Length of Stay in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Kaplan Heather C. , Kuhnell Pierce , Walsh Michele C. , Crowley Moira , McClead Richard , Wexelblatt Scott , Ford Susan , Provost Lloyd P. , Lannon Carole , Macaluso Maurizio ,   OHIO PERINATAL QUALITY COLLABORATIVE
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND:

Despite the standardization of care, formula feeding varied across sites of the Ohio Perinatal Quality Collaborative (OPQC). We used orchestrated testing (OT) to learn from this variation and improve nonpharmacologic care of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) requiring pharmacologic treatment in Ohio.

METHODS:

To test the impact of formula on length of stay (LOS), treatment failure, and weight loss among infants hospitalized with NAS, we compared caloric content (high versus standard) and lactose content (low versus standard) using a 22 factorial design. During October 2015 to June 2016, OPQC sites joined 1 of 4 OT groups. We used response plots to examine the effect of each factor and control charts to track formula use and LOS. We used the OT results to revise the nonpharmacologic bundle and implemented it during 2017.

RESULTS:

Forty-seven sites caring for 546 NAS infants self-selected into the 4 OT groups. Response plots revealed the benefit of high-calorie formula (HCF) on weight loss, treatment failure, and LOS. The nonpharmacologic treatment bundle was updated to recommend HCF when breastfeeding was not possible. During implementation, HCF use increased, and LOS decreased from 17.1 to 16.4 days across the OPQC.

CONCLUSIONS:

OT revealed that HCF was associated with shorter LOS in OPQC sites. Implementation of a revised nonpharmacologic care bundle was followed by additional LOS improvement in Ohio. Despite some challenges in the implementation of OT, our findings support its usefulness for learning in improvement networks.
Obesidad, inflamación y embarazo, una tríada peligrosa
Authors: Soca Pedro Enrique Miguel , Díaz Gisela Eduarda Feria , Benítez Sonia Noemí González , Montero María de los Ángeles Leyva
Published: September 2020

Introducción: La obesidad, un estado común durante la etapa pregestacional y el embarazo, representa una condición peligrosa para la salud materno-infantil por sus notables complicaciones obstétricas y perinatales.
Objetivo: Describir los vínculos patogénicos entre obesidad, inflamación y embarazo.
Métodos: Esta revisión bibliográfica se realizó principalmente en PubMed Central,  SciELO y ClinicalKey, con los descriptores obesity, inflammation y pregnancy.
Resultados: Entre los efectos desfavorables de la obesidad se encuentran abortos, diabetes gestacional, hipertensión, macrosomia, parto pretérmino, anomalías congénitas y muerte fetal. A largo plazo se asocia también con trastornos metabólicos y enfermedades en las madres y sus descendientes. Estos efectos desfavorables se relacionan con un estado de inflamación crónica de bajo grado que acompaña el exceso de peso corporal. En este proceso inflamatorio juegan un papel importante el tejido adiposo y la placenta con la secreción excesiva de citoquinas proinflamatorias (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, proteína 1 quimiotáctica de monocitos, proteína A amiloide sérico) y la reducción de citoquinas antiinflamatorias. Dos mediadores como leptina y adiponectina tienen papeles cruciales.
Conclusiones: Aunque no se conocen bien los mecanismos que vinculan los efectos negativos de la obesidad sobre el embarazo, es probable que la inflamación crónica de bajo grado sea el vínculo principal; por tanto, la tríada obesidad, inflamación y embarazo representa una relación peligrosa para la salud materno-fetal.
Industry-Academia Collaborative Teaching A Journey
Authors: Misra Rachita
Published: September 2020

Industries spend tremendous amount of time and money in converting a fresh graduate to a workable employee due to the gap between academic curriculum and industry needs. There is a growing demand for creating employable man power at university level by suitably augmenting the university curriculum. Organizations like CII, NASSCOM, National Skill Council of India, AICTE are stressing the need of imparting industry needed skills to engineering students in campus. Certain IT and related industries are increasing their focus to creating readily employable man-power rather than involvement in research activities with universities. This paper presents a case study of evolution of collaboration between industry, Govt agencies and the institute to impart industry-oriented training in campus, with an integrated curriculum. The paper provides a methodology for developing and implementing of the collaborative course delivery that can be adopted by different engineering studies. The success of the collaborative teaching has been shown by means of observed benefits using certain performance metrics.
A Study of Factors Influencing the Problem-Solving Skills of Engineering Students
Authors: Bhadargade Sita L.
Published: September 2020

Problem-solving skill is one of the essential attributes of an engineering graduate. It refers to the ability of the person to analyse a given problem and offer the best solution within the constraints. Engineering curriculum has the mandate of equipping students with skills and competencies in problemsolving. Several factors influence the problemsolving skills in addition to the technical skills and com peten cies o ffered thro ug h cu rri cular interventions. Psychological factors, which are habitual patterns of behaviour, thought and emotion, also influence problem-solving skills. This study focuses on investigating the influence of psychological factors like motivation, perception, stress, team working skills, learning styles, general self-efficacy on problem-solving skills of engineering students. This study focused on first-year students of undergraduate engineering program registered for a course titled Engineering Exploration. This course is a three-credit multidisciplinary course that effectively uses Activity-Based Learning (ABL), Design-Based Learning (DBL) and Project-Based Learning (PBL) pedagogical practices. The data collected for the study was through interviews and the use of well-structured questionnaires administered to first-year students enrolled for the course offered at the university. Results show that the psychological factors of students like motivation, perception, general selfefficacy and teamwork skills have a positive influence on problem-solving skills, while stress has a negative effect. However, the difference in learning styles does not influence problem-solving skills.
PO Assessment and Attainment through POGIL Based Classes
Authors: N. M. Masoodhu Banu , Merline A. , Sujithra T.
Published: September 2020

This paper describes the development of POGIL based instructional design classes for complex engineering problems described in the Program Outcomes (PO) of National Board of Accreditation (NBA), India accreditation criteria. Embedded system Design course in Electronics and Communication Engineering course (ECE) is considered for experimentation. Subsequently it aims at providing students and interested fresh faculty an opportunity to design and build the project on their own. The aim of the project is to design a round robin based embedded system where the tasks are of their choice. To structure and complete their design part, both students and faculty were posed with a large number of questions. They were asked to refer literature and data sheets for their work. Once the design part was reviewed to avoid critical errors, students built their project and compared solutions to theoretical predictions. Feedback was collected and analysed to determine the effectiveness of POGIL in PO attainment. The reflections given by both faculty and students were positive, in particular students found that solving complex engineering problems are quite difficult and challenging compared to other prescribed book end exercises but POGIL helped them to be more constructive to build their knowledge.
Study on Assessment of Outcomes of Education
Authors: Aruna G , Sudharsan N
Published: September 2020

This paper describes the process for assessment of Course Outcomes (COs), Program and Program Specific Outcomes (POs & PSOs). Direct and indirect method was used to assess the COs, POs and PSOs. In the direct method, continuous internal evaluation test, assignment, seminar, end semester examination as well as in the indirect method, number of surveys were carried out to assess the outcomes. Threshold approach was followed for assessing the attainment. Based on the attainment, existing gap can be identified and filled by improving the curriculum, teach learning process and skills of the graduate.
Rosbash/Janelia StickLAMP Protocol v2
Authors: Yu Albert , A Brown Timothy , Quynh Le Jasmine , Galatsis Kristina , Michael Rosbash not provided
Published: September 2020

A protocol for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from saliva samples featuring a rapid purification step and a high-contrast colorimetric readout. Saliva is first inactivated using a 100x inactivation reagent consisting of 2.5M TCEP, 100 mM EDTA, 1.2N NaOH solution diluted to approximately 1x final concentration and heated to 95C for 5 minutes. RNA is rapidly purified and concentrated with magnetic beads in a PEG/NaCl-based buffer using a 3D-printed magnetic stick that enables selective separation of beads without carryover of saliva contaminants. Beads are eluted directly into an RT-LAMP reaction mix, which uses a novel high contrast dye that turns from purple to clear when acidified by nucleic acid amplification products that enables unambiguous identification of successful amplification. This protocol is sensitive down to 1 copy/µl of SARS-CoV-2 in 300 µl of saliva. This degree of sensitivity enables faithful detection of SARS-CoV-2 even in pooled samples.
Isolation, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae v1
Authors: Salsabila Korrie , Tafroji Wisnu , Wisiva Tofriska Paramaiswari not provided , majid khoeri Miftahuddin , Safari Dodi
Published: September 2020

Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a major cause of bacterial pneumonia and meningitis globally. This bacterium is a normal flora of nasopharynx but can move to sterile sites such as cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and pleural fluid then causes invasive pneumococcal diseases. However, antibiotics resistance causes the failure of pneumococcal disease treatment. S. pneumoniae penicillin-resistant is one of the priority antimicrobial resistant (AMR) pathogens in WHO list. Since pneumococcus is a fastidious bacteria, isolation and identification of S. pneumoniae is challenging. This bacteria need good quality of blood agar plate to grow and proper method to identify S. pneumoniae. Performing antimicrobila susceptibility testing of S. pneumoniae isolates is important to monitor and handle its resistance. Therefore, we decided to write the protocol regarding isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of S. pneumoniae.
A Bad Start: The Combined Effects of Early Onset Substance Use and ADHD and CD on Criminality Patterns, Substance Abuse and Psychiatric Comorbidity among Young Violent Offenders
Authors: Hildebrand Karlén Malin , Nilsson Thomas , Wallinius Märta , Billstedt Eva , Hofvander Björn
Published: September 2020

Substance abuse, conduct disorder (CD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are all known risk factors for developing aggressive behaviors, criminality, other psychiatric comorbidity and substance use disorders (SUD). Since early age of onset is important for aggravating the impact of several of these risk factors, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether young adult violent offenders with different patterns of early onset externalizing problems (here: substance use < age 15, ADHD, CD) had resulted in different criminality profiles, substance use problem profiles and psychiatric comorbidity in young adult age. A mixed-method approach was used, combining a variable-oriented approach (with Kruskal Wallis tests) and a person-oriented approach (with Configural frequency analysis). Overall, this combined approach indicated that persons with combined ADHD+CD and persons with CD + early onset of substance use had a more varied history of violent crimes, a more comprehensive history of aggressive behaviors in general, and more psychiatric comorbidity, as well as more varied SUD and destructive substance abuse in adult age, than persons without ADHD, CD or early SU. Results are in line with previous variable-oriented research, but also indicate that individuals in this group with heavy problem aggregation early in life have a wider spectrum of problems in young adult age. Importantly, among these young violent offenders, problem aggregation was the overwhelming norm, and not the exception, as in studies of the general population. This emphasizes the need for early coordinated interventions, but also that treatment within correctional facilities in adult age needs to be comprehensive and take individual patterns of comorbidity into account.
DRAMA MUSIKAL UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KREATIVITAS DAN ANTUSIASME ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS
Authors: Nazihah Wafiqotin , Anggraini Purwati
Published: September 2020

Children with special needs are still considered troublesome children for some people, this child has physical and mental limitations and an abnormal mindset like other children, so this makes them marginalized. Whereas the history of human life actually revelas that many Children with special needs have advantages, works of art produced by children have high values, so it needs support and encouragement from the people closest to be able develop their talents.  Research on children ia focused on creativity and enthusiasm by using qualitative research methods to describe the overall abilities that Children with special needs can realize with detailed descriptions.The research objective is to describe the potential of children through musical drama, in musical drama not only singing but also collaborating dubbing, dancing, music, and acting as well as being holistic, able to show all the abilities of children in on appearance. The results showed taht musical drama is able to make Children with special needs more sensitive to their environment, because the stimulation of the implementation of musical drama exercises results in changes in body movements and emotions of children while learning musical drama is very influential on creativity and antusiasm anak berkebutuhan khusus.
Öğretmenlerin Psikolojik Sermaye Düzeyleri ile Okul Müdürlerinin Toksik Liderlik Davranışları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: BAHADIR Elif
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, öğretmenlerin psikolojik sermaye algıları ile okul müdürlerinin toksik liderlik davranışları arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya çıkarmaktır. İlişkisel tarama modelinde tasarlanan araştırmanın evrenini 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Trabzon il merkezi ve ilçelerinde bulunan ortaöğretim kurumlarında görev yapmakta olan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise ortaöğretim kurumlarında görev yapan öğretmenlerden tesadüfî örnekleme yoluyla seçilmiştir. Bu bağlamda araştırma, toplam 495 öğretmen ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Psikolojik Sermaye Ölçeği, Toksik Liderlik Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmenlerin psikolojik sermaye algılarının yüksek; toksik liderlik algılarının ise düşük düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmada öğretmenlerin psikolojik sermaye ile toksik liderlik algıları arasında negatif yönde düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca toksik liderlik davranışının öğretmenlerin psikolojik sermaye algılarının anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Akademisyenlerin Uluslararası Akademik Etkinliklerde Yabancı Dilde Yaşadığı İletişim Kaygıları
Authors: HAN Turgay , AKYÜZ Manolya , GÖZPINAR Halis
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'deki devlet üniversitelerinde çalışan anadili İngilizce olmayan Türk akademisyenlerin uluslararası bilimsel toplantılarda yaşadıkları yabancı dilde iletişim kaygısı kaynaklarının ve onların bu konudaki algılarının incelenmesidir. Çalışmanın örneklemi olarak Türkiye’deki iki üniversiteden 44 gönüllü akademisyen (20 kadın ve 24 erkek olmak üzere) seçilmiştir. Nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılan bu çalışmada veriler Yabancı Dil Kaygısı Ölçeği (Horwitz, et al., 1986) ve Kişisel İletişim Korkusu Bildirme Ölçeği (McCroskey, 1982) ile toplanmıştır. Nicel veriler kaygı ve iletişim korkusu ölçeklerinden toplanırken nitel veriler profil formu ve yüz yüze görüşmelerden elde edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları kadınların daha yüksek kaygı yaşamalarına rağmen, akademisyenlerin cinsiyet değişkenine göre iletişim ve yabancı dil kaygılarında anlamlı ölçüde bir fark olmadığını göstermiştir.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Liderlik Davranışları ile Psikolojik Danışmanların Örgütsel Narsisizmleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: SALİHOĞLU Efe , CAMADAN Fatih
Published: September 2020

Örgütsel narsisizm düzeyi yüksek olan bir psikolojik danışmanın sunacağı hizmetlerde, birey odaklı bir anlayıştan ziyade örgüt başarısı odaklı hizmet vermesinin beklenen bir durum olduğu belirtilebilir. Ancak psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik hizmetlerinde ise toplumun ve kurumun beklentilerinin karşılanmasının yanında bireyin ihtiyaçları da göz ardı edilmemektedir. Dolayısıyla psikolojik danışmanların sahip olacağı örgütsel narsisizm davranışlarının, yapılacak psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik hizmetlerini olumsuz yönde etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırmada, okul yöneticilerinin liderlik davranışları ile psikolojik danışmanların örgütsel narsisizmleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi genel amaç olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma, 2019-2020 Eğitim-Öğretim Yılı’nda Giresun, Rize ve Trabzon’da görev yapan 154’ü kadın, 131’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 285 psikolojik danışman ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla ‘’Okul Müdürlerinin Paternalist Liderlik Davranışları Ölçeği’’, ‘’Örgütsel Narsisizm Ölçeği’’ ve ‘’Kişisel Bilgi Formu’’ kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, psikolojik danışmanların örgütsel narsisizm düzeyleri ile okul müdürlerinin yardımsever, otoriter ve çıkarcı liderlik davranışları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ve bir ilişki bulunurken, ahlâkî liderlik davranışları ile anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır.
Dijital Teknolojiyi Üretim ve Tüketim Amacıyla Kullanan Çocukların ve Ebeveynlerinin Tercihlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: YÜCELYİĞİT Seçil , ARAL Neriman
Published: September 2020

Dijital teknolojiyi farklı amaçlarla kullanan çocukların ve ebeveynlerinin kullanım amacı, süresi, çocukların dijital cihaz kullanımlarına yönelik ebeveyn tutumları ve bu tutumun etkileri ile ilgili çocukların görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın çalışma grubu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden aykırı durum örneklemesi ile oluşturulmuştur. Dijital teknolojiyi üretim odaklı kullandıkları belirlenen, bu konuda kendilerini geliştirmek için bir eğitim programına katılan ve bu veya benzeri bir programa katılmayan, ebeveynleri tarafından dijital cihaz kullanımının üretim odaklı gerçekleşmediği belirtilen 7-15 yaş aralığındaki toplam 61 çocuğa ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada nitel ve nicel verilerin bir arada değerlendirildiği karma yöntem kullanılmış, araştırma deseni yakınsayan paralel karma yöntem olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri kişisel bilgi formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla çocuklarla yüz yüze görüşme yapılarak toplanmıştır. Elde edilen nicel verilerin frekans ve yüzde değerleri hesaplanmış, nitel veriler için kodlama sonrası kategoriler oluşturulmuş ve içerik analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Çocukların teknolojik cihazlarını kullanım amaç ve sürelerindeki farklılıklar; ebeveynlerinin kullanım amacı, süresi, ebeveyn tutumları ile etkileri değerlendirilerek tartışılmış, farklı ilgiye sahip çocukların kullanabileceği üretim odaklı uygulamalar geliştirilmesi, bu uygulamaların örgün eğitim aracılığıyla yaygınlaştırılması ve dezavantajlı çocuklara ulaşılır hale getirilmesi önerileri sunulmuştur.
Mineral Matter Content and Heavy Metal Contamination of Anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus Linnaeus 1758) captured from different seas
Authors: ERDEM Mehmet , KÖSTEKLİ Bayram , KESKİN İrfan , KOCATEPE Demet , KAYA Yalçın
Published: September 2020

Objective of this study was to determine the mineral and heavy metal contents of anchovy caught from 3 different regions, namely the Black Sea (Sinop-Samsun coast), Sea of Marmara (İstanbul coast) and the Aegean Sea (İzmir coast). Mineral material and heavy metal contamination levels in anchovy were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The average Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Hg and Pb content of the anchovies caught from the Aegean Sea, Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea respectively; 911.04, 975.24, 1181.87; 403.85, 420.45, 509.44; 265.55, 3534.09, 4274.65; 1056.81, 978.26, 1265.53; 0.57, 1.39, 1.55; 13.062, 10.29, 17.93; 0.88, 0.77, 1.31; 20.03, 15.79, 30.72; 0.63, 0.16, 0.14 and
Using a Standardized Patient Model for Interprofessional Team Training in Social Work
Authors: Hitchcock Laurel Iverson , Shorten Allison , Bosworth Peter , Galin Shawn , Edmonds Tara , Harada Caroline
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article is to describe the development of a single-session Interprofessional Team (IPT) Training that incorporates the practice of interprofessional teamwork using a health care case study. We will share how a large-scale training that requires interprofessional teams of students to create a treatment plan of care for a standardized patient developed over time and how this experiential learning activity affects learning outcomes for social work students related to interprofessional awareness and teamwork skills. Additionally, we will explore the use of video technology as a pedagogical approach to presenting standardized patients to students. Student responses from three IPT Training sessions provided the data discussed in this article. While overall results are mixed about students’ learning outcomes, trends in the data show this single-session, interprofessional training involving a standardized patient as a promising practice. Lessons learned for social work education are also discussed. The present study advances the field of interprofessional simulation by contributing to our understanding of how a team-based training combined with a standardized patient can be used to increase social work students’ professional awareness about interprofessional teamwork.
Improving the Interprofessional Practice, Knowledge, and Skills of Health Professions Students through an Interactive Course in Gerontology
Authors: Mulvaney Elizabeth A. , Jantea Rachel , Leslie Paula , Toto Pamela , Allias Mary , Grant Catherine , Hornyak Victoria , Klinger Julie , Nelson Rhaven , Skledar Susan , Covaleski Kylea , Wright Rollin M.
Published: September 2020

Interprofessional, collaborative health care is the ideal standard in geriatrics. Students’ interprofessional practice skills are limited in typical siloed education. An experiential, team-based geriatrics course was designed to improve health professions (HP) students’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes about interprofessional practice. Students (n=209) from dentistry, medicine, nursing, nutrition, occupational therapy, pharmacy, physician assistant, social work, and speech-language pathology were assigned to interprofessional (IP) and medical-student only teams. The Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Survey-Revised (ICCAS-R) was administered pre- and post-course, along with program evaluations. Seventy percent of students completed both pre- and post-surveys. ICCAS-R scores were analyzed comparing the impact of training for medical students (n=78) on IP teams and remaining HP students (n=58). Students rated themselves as improved on all six ICCAS-R subscales (paired t-tests, p < 0.05). Sixty-nine percent rated themselves as better able to collaborate interprofessionally. A competitive team-based learning exercise using gamification was rated as the most authentic skill-building interprofessional activity. Experiential learning where students worked with the same team helped to build interprofessional and teamwork skills. Findings will be used to improve authenticity of the clinical and teamwork content, increase the use of gamification as a teaching technique, and refine students’ practice of IP teamwork competencies.