bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La geopolitica spagnola in Jaime Vicens Vives: fra repubblica e franchismo.
Authors: Losano Mario G.
Published: June 2021

- The article describes the Spanish geopolitics in the XX century. In this context, geopolitics was a relevant although not central interest for one of the most important Catalan intellectuals, Jaime Vicens Vives (1910-1960). He discovered geopolitics through the works of Karl Haushofer. Then, on behalf of the Spanish Republic (an almost forgotten event), he started writing in Catalan a geopolitics of Catalonia from a left-wing point of view. Just before printing this book, the victory of Franco's Nationalists compelled him to transform it into a right-wing geopolitics of Spain, finally published in Spanish in 1940. After the end of the war he reconsidered the whole matter in a new book of 1950, where he stressed the possibility of a new imperial mission of Spain in the new world order. In the course of time his historiographic position became closer to those of Toynbee and Braudel, an evolution suddenly terminated by his death in 1960.
Il "politico" nell'era "postpolitica". Alcuni appunti sulla proposta teorica di Chantal Mouffe
Authors: Palano Damiano
Published: June 2021

- This essay concerns the reflection of Chantal Mouffe about the "politica" and the transformation of contemporary political systems. The paper reconstructs the main features of Mouffe's reflection, with special regard to the influence of Carl Schmitt and the concept of "agonistic democracy". For Mouffe, the friend/enemy opposition is the (not eliminable) hearth of the "politica", but this opposition is not the only form of antagonism. From Mouffe's point of view, "agoism" is a different mode of manifestation of antagonism, which involves a relation not between enemies but between "adversares", "friendly enemies" friends because they share a common symbolic space but also enemies because they want to organize this common symbolic space in a different way. The "postpolitica" age removes the enemy (even the "friendly enemy") from the symbolic space of western democracy, and enemy is represented as hostis generis humani. For this paper, Mouffe's perspective offers an important contribution to contemporary political debate, but the study shows a danger in her interpretation of Schmitt's political theory. For the German thinker, the amicus/hostis opposition is rooted in a spatial conception of the "politica", but Mouffe fails to consider this crucial aspect of Schmitt's reflection, with consequences on the image of the "postpoliticalage". In fact, without a spatial ground and without attention to the contemporary "spatial revoluton", she achieves a form of theoretical "voluntarsm" and moves toward a moralistic vision of the moralization of politics.
Il federalismo competitivo: l'Italia in prospettiva comparata
Authors: Baldi Brunetta
Published: June 2021

- The article analyses the most recent reforms of Italian regionalism using the theory of competitive federalism as opposed to cooperative federalism. Although new competitive dynamics are developing with main reference to asymmetrical regionalism and fiscal federalism, the article shows the coexistence of competitive and cooperative institutional arrangements. Taking a comparative perspective the case of Italy portrays similarities to those of Germany and Spain: German cooperative federalism is more and more challenged by the developing of competitive dynamics between the Western and Eastern Länder as well as Spanish competitive regionalism is opening up to intergovernmental cooperation to assure policy coordination. As a whole the article provides an analytical framework to guide future empirical research.
Diritto e natura a Oxford: il caso di H.L.A. Hart
Authors: Gasparoli Carolina
Published: June 2021

- Hart is one of the most prominent philosophers of law of the last century. Published in 1961, his book The Concept of Law has influenced many of the leading figures in contemporary legal theory. Hart held the Chair of Jurisprudence at Oxford University from 1952 until 1968 and he chose Ronald Dworkin as his successor. In his last book Diritto e natura. H.L.A. e la filosofia di Oxford, Mario Ricciardi takes the uneasy relationship between the two philosophers as the starting point of his inquiry and claims that Dworkin's critique of Hart's legal theory has misinterpreted many relevant aspects of Hart's approach to law. As a result, many scholars have paid little attention to the cultural and philosophical background of Hart's work. In particular, Ricciardi suggests that, in this work, Hart uses a specific notion of analysis, namely connective analysis, which Gilbert Ryle and Peter F. Strawson had opposed to the decompositive one. Such a reading of The Concept of Law generates a new understanding of the role played by the minimum content of natural law in Hart's legal theory.
Una storia utile. Il Palazzo del Podestŕ di Mantova
Authors: Badalini Juri , Valisi Luca , del Curto Davide , Cofani Marco , Frignani Verena , Landi Angelo , Cavalli Tomaso
Published: June 2021

- The ancient municipal palaces of mediaeval origin define the structure and image of the city centre of Mantua where they deserve better treatment after being progressively abandoned during the course of the 20th Century. The city administration, in co-operation with the conservation authority, started a programme in 2006 for the integrated restoration of more than 200 interiors in the Palace of Podestŕ and it gave the university the task of organising a project to acquire information on these buildings and help identify potential new uses. The paper presents a summary of the studies on the palace, surveys, diagnostic investigations and historical and archive research started more than a decade ago by the late Arturo Sandrini, designed to document and restore this complex which is a true and genuine repository of historical and archaeological information in the heart of the city. Behind the veil of the façades, recomposed after 1461 by Giovan Antonio d'Arezzo and repaired during restoration work in the last century, lies a dense stratification of continuous modifications, at times stately and at times humble, a background against which the still valuable mediaeval fragments stand out. The results include the identification of the many construction and distributive details, the fruit of difficult construction work over many centuries, and the characterisation of the conservation and restoration constraints which the final design will have to work with in a delicate balance between the requirements of conservation and those of public use.
Ippodamo e il piano
Authors: Mazza Luigi
Published: June 2021

- It was with singular anticipation that in his writings on Hippodamus Aristotle placed social and spatial control in relation to each other: in this perspective planning is not only the art of building a city, but it is also a tool of government and the spatial order produced by planning is presented as an instrument of social control. The name Hippodamus is associated with a checkerboard urban layout, known as a ‘Hippodamus' grid'. Hippodamus was not the inventor of the grid which had been in use many centuries before him, but he can be considered as the inventor of planning, if it is defined as an instrument of social control through the control of space. The exercise performed on Hippodamus is designed to underline the association between a grid and constitution and to identify the political nature of planning practices in motives that are more radical than those normally recognised for it. It is also an attempt to ask questions about the criteria that govern planning action and to identify the elements that characterise it in order to condense them into a concept of planning, whose independence does not divorce planning actions from political designs. The paper concludes with the basics of a theory of social order planning.
Potere e spazio nella Roma arcaica
Authors: Gaeta Luca
Published: June 2021

- The relationship between urban and political power in archaic Rome shows that the stratification of three spatial devices for control prepared the way for the passage from the monarchy to the republic, from the virtue of blood to the impersonal nomos of the land. The study starts at the time of the proto-urban settlement by sifting elements relating to practices of spatial control connected with the development of political Roman institutions from accounts of traditions. Whether the archetypal past is always the present scene of decisions and gestures to which modern people return, or whether it is rather a theoretical place visited by researchers to experience sharper visions, in both cases the findings brought to light by the survey provide useful keys for interpreting spatial planning without the embarrassment of its weak scientific basis and is brought back to the practice of control exercised with lines and borders along conflicts between social groups.
Innovazione e strategie del piano urbanistico
Authors: Galuzzi Paolo
Published: June 2021

- Two forces were at work in the research activity on municipal plans performed within the ‘LabUrb', that of improving the technical aspects and forms of plans and that of the means and strategies adopted to address the problems of cities in the new contemporary dimension. By recognising interconnections and a reciprocal influence between the two lines of research, this contribution concentrates on the second and examines the aspects and conditions of possible improvements within the limits and fields of operations provided by the reformed plan. The commitment on the issues and problems of contemporary cities represents a constant in terms of a certain way of performing planning activity: a reform commitment in the search for more appropriate forms of intervention and for a pragmatic phase of dialogue with public policy-makers.
Una "vision" progettuale per lo sviluppo strategico di Irkutsk (Russia)
Authors: Tadi Massimo
Published: June 2021

- An international urban planning workshop entitled, «Stable development of big cities and agglomerations», was held as part of the 5th Edition of the Baikal Economic Forum of Irkutsk (Siberia). International experts discussed the development strategies of the Oblast (region) of Irkutsk in order to propose and outline possible transformations for the immediate future. Some of the main subjects addressed by participants in the workshop included the changes in progress in the region, the huge economic development resulting from energy sources and mining, the definition of some areas near lake Bajkal and the strategic plans for Irkutsk. The results were presented to representatives of central and regional government during the plenary session of the 5th Baikal Economic Forum. The participation of experts from research centres and universities in the country was significant.
Economia criminale e mondo degli affari a Tangeri
Authors: Péraldi Michel
Published: June 2021

- The general term criminal economy usually denotes those activities which involve the production, circulation and sale of products that are prohibited from a moral or legal viewpoint, where the organisation and production of these includes a component of physical violence either actually or potentially present in the organisation and in the production process. Finally it is conducted by marginal or deviant individuals and groups under conditions of total or relative clandestinity. In the case of Tangiers, the weak traits of criminal networks stand out against a strong urban background where local cultures and the convenience of commerce in cannabis combine. The negotiated and temporary nature of both the cultural and the organisational arrangements emerge, which are also consistent with a complex urban community, projected at the same time onto the local context and transnational networks.
Mafie e territori: note per una ricerca
Authors: Cremaschi Marco
Published: June 2021

- The essay suggests that the system of formal rules (law and legality) on the one hand and the forms of social regulation on the other enter into a vicious circle because of the overabundance (not by chance) of institutional systems. These fuel infinite reserves of mediation which translate into forms of institutional ‘disorder', capitalised on in turn for self interest motives by particular groups. The absence of rules is a hypertrophic characteristic of legal systems which is used by self-interest groups to strengthen their powers to mediate. A different approach to ‘disordered' transformation practices in planning would therefore allow more effective policies and forms of regulation to be imagined, which are not just formally consistent.
Raumlaborberlin and the revival of the urban style
Authors: Szymcazak Katia
Published: June 2021

The reunification of the two cities of Berlin was accompanied by radical economic changes, such as the end of state subsidies for citizens in the eastern and western parts and a slow collapse of industry and an economy in free fall led to an increase in unemployment rates. The urban fabric of Berlin still shows the signs of this collapse today, with its urban fabrics and open spaces which need to be joined together. Densely urbanised parts of the city are located in the middle of huge open spaces and tracts of abandoned land. The uncertainty and openness of these abandoned spaces helped to generate a culture during the 1990s and the early 2000s, unique of its kind, of informal and temporary uses, which has developed mainly outside the rules and norms of conventional urban planning. In this context the Berlin group Raumlaborberlin recounts the history of a decade of projects in residual spaces, abandoned buildings and on the physical and mental margins, as methods for reuse and re-appropriation.
Derive dell'ibrido. Uno schema ontologico e archetipico
Authors: Giacomini Lorenzo
Published: June 2021

L'ontologia estetica di René Magritte descrive il mondo come processo ibrido di traduzione e traslazione di una somiglianza universale. Ibridazione come dimensione ultima ed elementare dei rapporti materiali e mentali tra gli esseri: uno strato del mondo che riaffiora da profonditŕ remote, come quella ‘logica dell'ambiguo, dell'equivoco, della polaritŕ' che il mito conosceva bene, e che ci appare oggi stranamente affine alle dinamiche del moderno, in un senso estetico e antropologico che mette in gioco le radici del concetto di cultura. Su questo sfondo ontologico va proiettata la centralitŕ contemporanea, ma anche l'universalitŕ della categoria di ibridazione per l'architettura. Qui si traccia lo schema di questa tesi: dal modello epistemico della deriva, legittimazione epistemica di un'estetica dell'ibridazione, ai suoi riflessi architettonici, raffigurati in conclusione con esempi di ‘derive archetipiche'.
Dall'ibridazione tipologica dello spazio pubblico alle fruizioni urbane ibride
Authors: Bracchi Paola
Published: June 2021

Č ancora possibile parlare di spazio pubblico oggi? Se per spazio pubblico si fa riferimento ai modelli tradizionali di piazza, strada e parco, coincidenti allo spazio aperto, allora č possibile affermare che lo spazio pubblico č ormai obsoleto, cristallizzato in un immagine non piů rispondente alle necessitŕ contemporanee. La staticitŕ presupposta dalle figure archetipe oggi non č piů valida, tempo e spostamento sono fattori a cui il progetto deve far riferimento. Č necessaria un'innovazione tipologica dello spazio pubblico, in grado di interpretare complessitŕ, dinamicitŕ e stratificazione della cittŕ contemporanea. Tale innovazione passa indubbiamente attraverso l'ibridazione dei tipi tradizionali: un'evoluzione trasversale tra le tipologie dello spazio pubblico, tra tipologie dello spazio pubblico e spazio abitato e tra tipologie ibride ed usi urbani.
Oslo's waterfront and urban territory: dynamics of transformation
Authors: Tvilde Dag
Published: June 2021

Its location at the end of a fjord has made Oslo the largest national infrastructure hub and Norway's most important industrial city and port. Nevertheless, with deindustrialisation, its roles as city capital and the centre of an increasingly more integrated region represent the most advanced state of the transformation of urban areas. One result of the social democratic economy was the strong centralisation of administrations and R&D. With an expanding knowledge economy, the urban centre is specialising. The paradigm of global competition between urban regions and the conviction that urban development and innovation are interdependent, is influencing national policies. The state is directly involved in the construction of a new image for the urban region: Fjord City. The new waterfront, however, represents just one element in an urban and regional system that is changing profoundly.
Mexico City. The marginal communities: social and ethnic segregation of the native population
Authors: Saporito Emanuela
Published: June 2021

The article focuses on persistent ethnic and social problems in Mexico City's indigenous communities. While the city is considered one of the most ethnically mixed and cosmopolitan in the world, its indigenous communities are marginalised and suffer the consequences of a discrimination and exclusion process that began during the colonial period. It can actually be said that because of ingrained cultural bias and conditions of extreme poverty, Mexico City's indigenous population lives in a situation of ‘urban marginality' (Wacquant, 2008). The first part describes the historical roots of these ethnic minorities and describes the migration from rural areas to the metropolis. The second part explores the question of marginality, analysing data for the labour market, education and accessibility to services urban indigenous communities, with the aim of understanding whether an integration process has been triggered in recent decades. The third part examines how the government and other institutions are dealing with this problem and proposals for integration policies.
Progettare in regime di risorse scarse
Authors: Longo Antonio
Published: June 2021

Cernusco sul Naviglio č una cittŕ di notevole abitabilitŕ, apparentemente lontana dagli aspetti critici che connotano la gran parte del territorio Milanese. Gli effetti dello sviluppo immobiliare degli anni recenti, modificando la percezione del paesaggio urbano e gravando sul sistema dei servizi locali, hanno rappresentato per la cittŕ una complessiva perdita di valore dei luoghi e la compromissione di una condizione di equilibrio della comunitŕ. L'avvio del progetto di Piano ha rappresentato inizialmente l'occasione e lo strumento per rifiutare le modalitŕ di cambiamento recenti. Solo in un secondo momento ha rappresentato la via per riorientare lo sviluppo e per riportare la cittŕ entro una propria misura. Infine ha costituito una via per immaginare una diversa forma di cambiamento fondata sull'attribuzione di un senso nuovo alle risorse esistenti, sulla loro ricomposizione, su pochi e controllati nuovi sviluppi.
Il tradimento delle immagini: il piano Milano Verde del 1938
Authors: Guidarini Stefano
Published: June 2021

Il piano Milano Verde rappresenta un singolare caso di scollamento tra immagine e realtŕ. Questo piano č stato assunto dalla storiografi a architettonica come un vero e proprio modello di riferimento di un razionalismo di maniera ma, ad un'attenta analisi, rivela invece una natura ben diversa. Dietro la sua immagine, nasconde infatti meccanismi attuativi e insediativi molto piů legati alla logica di costruzione della cittŕ ottocentesca e al mercato immobiliare che non alle ricerche sulla casa e i quartieri popolari. La vera natura, sfuggente e contraddittoria, di questo progetto contribuisce a mettere in crisi, con la sua ambiguitŕ tra idealismo e realismo, quel quadro semplicistico dell'architettura moderna fatto di fragili catalogazioni e di rassicuranti luoghi comuni. In questa esperienza ritroviamo inoltre la conferma dell'importanza dello studio delle opere e dei documenti per ricostruire la realtŕ dei fatti e la storia delle idee.
Terredoltreadda: un caso campione per un nuovo modello insediativo responsabile
Authors: Tadi Massimo , Colucci Angela
Published: June 2021

Č in corso la redazione del Piano strategico e di alcuni progetti pilota all'interno della pianifi cazione concertata di tre comunitŕ del Parco Regionale Adda Sud, unite sotto la denominazione di Terreoltreadda, che condividono l'orientamento verso uno sviluppo territoriale sostenibile, la riduzione di emissioni in atmosfera e l'innovazione nei sistemi produttivi, insediativi e dei servizi. Apripista nel 2006 č stato il comune di Boffalora d'Adda, che ha cominciato a integrare la pianifi cazione urbanistica, approvando un Pgt sperimentale, e le singole azioni di progetto. Gli asset sui quali si gioca questa scommessa sono quelli dell'energia, con la sperimentazione di tecniche ambientali e di produzione di energie rinnovabili, della biodiversitŕ e delle acque, per la stretta correlazione non solo con il fi ume, ma con una rete storica di canali e fontanili, e quello della cultura, con la presenza dell'abbazia di Cerreto, dei nuclei storici e delle cascine.
Trasformazioni della mobilitŕ residenziale turistica. Dalle ‘seconde case' alle nuove pratiche di uso e abbandono del territorio
Authors: Armondi Simonetta
Published: June 2021

Il tema dell'articolo riguarda la casa. Non tratta le politiche dedicate alla ‘cittŕ pubblica', ma una specifica declinazione della ‘cittŕ privata': la casa di vacanza, un fenomeno abitativo assai diffuso, ma, almeno in Italia, poco indagato e sprovvisto di una politica di riferimento. A partire da una ricognizione della letteratura, l'articolo ha l'obiettivo di mostrare la complessitŕ dell'abitare ‘itinerante' e la necessitŕ di superare la nozione di seconda casa. Dopo aver osservato le caratteristiche e la varietŕ dei pattern insediativi del fenomeno della seconda casa nel contesto alpino, nel testo si compiono alcune riflessioni su alcuni temi rilevanti: il consumo di suolo l'abbandono, l'articolazione delle popolazioni turistiche, le differenti pratiche d'uso e di riuso, le politiche pubbliche eventualmente attivabili.
Figure. Linguaggi. Rituali
Authors: Bianchetti Cristina
Published: June 2021

Per sapere verso quale punto si dirige l'urbanistica, bisogna chiedersi in che spazio essa si muova. Questo spazio č costituito innanzitutto dai progetti che la rendono pensabile. Ma in misura non minore da fi gure retoriche, metafore, pregiudizi, stereotipi che accompagnano i discorsi disciplinari entro i processi sociali di costruzione del territorio. Forme del discorso labili, emulative, a volte contraddittorie e ideologiche che ci dicono del nostro essere altrove rispetto al Novecento, aiutandoci a capire come la cultura del progetto entri oggi nel discorso pubblico e nell'agire politico.
Considerazioni tecnico-economiche per una idrovia Milano-Adriatico
Authors: Bozzi Silvia , Boscacci Flavio , Passoni Giuseppe
Published: June 2021

Nello studio si paragonano due soluzioni per il trasporto merci via acqua nel bacino padano. La prospettata bacinizzazione dell'intero corso del fi ume Po da Piacenza al mare Adriatico viene confrontata con l'alternativa progettuale di prolungare l'esistente idrovia artificiale da Mantova sino a Cremona. Il confronto, condotto dal punto di vista dell'impresa di trasporto, fa emergere un consistente vantaggio competitivo dell' idrovia artificiale rispetto alla navigazione lungo l'alveo di Po, per la minore lunghezza del percorso navigabile e per le garanzie idrauliche che solo una via d'acqua artificiale puň offrire in termini di continuitŕ di esercizio della infrastruttura.
Agricoltura, cittŕ e stili di sviluppo nell'evoluzione dell'agenda istituzionale mondiale
Authors: Calori Andrea
Published: June 2021

The worlds of agriculture have been an integral part of the urban planning policies of many cities and international institutions for some years now. Despite this, agriculture and rural development subjects have only formed part of the debate on planning for a short while, suffering from delays connected with a more general development of planning as part of that ‘overcoming the rural' made explicit by ‘modern' development. The essays states and connects some fundamental passages with which the role of the rural has been reconstructed at global level in recent decades, providing new contents for action plans. Key words: urban agriculture; development; sustainability The worlds of agriculture have been an integral part of the urban planning policies of many cities and international institutions for some years now. Despite this, agriculture and rural development subjects have only formed part of the debate on planning for a short while, suffering from delays connected with a more general development of planning as part of that ‘overcoming the rural' made explicit by ‘modern' development. The essays states and connects some fundamental passages with which the role of the rural has been reconstructed at global level in recent decades, providing new contents for action plans.
Urban farming nel food desert
Authors:   Redazione
Published: June 2021

In the context of the inner cities in decline in the United States rustbelt, we have seen growing interest in food deserts (i.e. those areas with few or no opportunities for quality food supplies) and their effects on the diffusion of diseases such as diabetes, obesity and cardio-vascular disorders. Despite its controversial character, the discourse on food deserts has become popular in the fi elds of research, policy-making and social activism, thereby causing opposing policies to emerge which range from the attraction of distribution chains to the development of urban agriculture. By presenting the basic features of two urban farming projects oriented towards solving the problem of food deserts in Milwaukee and Philadelphia, the paper discusses forms and the relevance of the convergences between food culture and food justice and it also relates these to the debate on the future of urban forms in the inner cities of the rustbelt.
Ripensare lo spazio aperto perturbano. Scenari per il contesto milanese
Authors: Fea Alessandro
Published: June 2021

This paper refl ects on the future of peri-urban outdoor spaces. A construction of a brief picture of the general background and a description of the dynamics of the regional system of which the Milan context forms part is used to formulate important questions for the purpose of imagining possible confi gurations for cultivated areas within heavily urbanised environments.
Pratiche di auto-organizzazione sociale. Due casi di Empresas Recuperadas in Argentina
Authors: Castelnuovo Ida
Published: June 2021

The question of empresas recuperadas has existed in Argentina since the end of the 1990s. These are fi rms ‘recovered' by workers who, in a context of political, social and economic crisis, and faced with the risk of structural unemployment, have opposed the closure of factories and have set in motion a process of recuperación in which the space of a factory and its relationship with the city is transformed and where the workers' collective reinvents itself as a ‘new' social organisation. Experiences are generated in this fashion which transform local communities, where the political dimension is closely connected with the dimension of action and collective action. The objective of this paper is to discuss the importance of considering social selforganisation practices in terms of their capacity to generate policies and to reinvent the use of land and the community by generating public effects and by providing adequate answers to solve collective problems.
Sviluppo e disuguaglianze. Monaco, Barcellona, Copenhagen e Lione a confronto
Authors: Cucca Roberta , Ranci Costanzo
Published: June 2021

This essay reconsiders and reanalyses the results of research carried out in four European cities (Monaco, Barcelona, Copenhagen and Lyon) on the social impact of the economic growth process, as well as potential tensions and trade-offs between the mechanisms of social reproduction and competitiveness of urban systems, till shortly before the 2009 financial and economic. In particular, this article restores several essential elements relative to four aspects of the analysis: policies for attracting flows of investment, goods, and people, and for safeguarding and enhancing local liveability; the impacts of economic development models on conditions of social inequality; the policies, the housing market and the affirmation of various lines of spatial division; and the integration of immigrants into the economic and social fabric of the cities.
Furia urbana a Istanbul. Dai ‘Progetti di trasformazione urbana' ai movimenti di contestazione
Authors: Nocera Lea
Published: June 2021

Over the past few years, a series of ‘urban transformation proj¬ects' has been radically changing the face of the city of Istan¬bul. In line with the political project begun in the early 1980s, aimed at reintroducing the old capital of the Ottoman Empire onto the international scene and transforming it into a global city, the hub of a network of financial services and international tourism, today radical interventions have been made in the old neighbourhoods of Gecekondu and peripheral enclaves in the city centre, provoking the removal and further marginalization of large parts of the population. The reaction of the individual inhabitants has joined with the activism of neighbourhood as¬sociations and the interests of professional groups, and become translated into many forms of opposition to the projects and the politicisation, though controversial, of these urban protests.
Counter-Mapping. Un caso a Nairobi
Authors: De Carli Beatrice
Published: June 2021

This text considers the role of mapping practices for informal settlements as (potential) agents for their transformation. Attention is focused on the case of Nairobi, Kenya. More specifically, the paper has as its objective the proposal of a possible problematic framework (geographical-political and thematic-critical) within which to observe citizen mapping in the Map Kibera Project. The ‘disputed space' explored in this case is simultaneously the physical space of the informal settlements of Nairobi and the abstract space of cartographic representation. The latter is understood first of all as a land of confrontation between the various expressions of the ‘right to a city', a land in other words where different practices are appraised of inclusion (or exclusion) of the inhabitants of the informal city in the processes of planning and governing the territory.
Micro-agricoltura e sistemi lineari
Authors: Giannini Alessandra , Oldani Andrea
Published: June 2021

With the term micro-agriculture, we mean agriculture on a small scale (as opposed to intensive agriculture and monoculture). If horticulture is the collection of agricultural and agronomic practices aimed at the production of vegetables, urban gardening being one aspect of this, then micro-agriculture is the collection of ‘small scale' agricultural practices, including horticulture (as in the case of urban vegetable gardens), fruit-growing or flower-growing. Micro-agriculture is a landscape: the collection of garden plots, and natural and artificial materials used define a unified yet diversified whole, different from the traditional agricultural landscape in its reduced scale, biological richness, the variety of materials used and the heterogeneous landscape created. Land use practices generated spontaneously can lead to projects for landscaping and reorganizing marginal areas, and the definition of a new linear landscape.
Fotografia e arti visive nella progettualitŕ di Ico Parisi
Authors: Tenconi Lucia
Published: June 2021

A day of studies held at the Politecnico in Milan dedicated to Ico Parisi has re-launched the project for publication of a monographic volume dedicated to the multi-faceted work of the this architect from Como. This project offers the opportunity to reconsider the role of photography in Parisi's designs, where a snapshot was never a detailed, truthful, immutable reproduction of reality, but a symbolic and critical representation of the subject mediated by the author, a source of creative inspiration, more images and the concretisation of utopian places. Following the evolution of Parisi's poetics through his experiences in the photographic field, this essay shows the development of the relationship between graphic representation and architectural design, which became progressively closer until the two expressive realms almost completely overlapped, and photography itself became architecture.
"Saperi cittadini", strategie e autocefalia della cittŕ: la smilitarizzazione di Pola
Authors: Venier Ivana
Published: June 2021

This paper provides a brief summary of the affairs surrounding the demilitarisation of the town of Pola, in Croatia, and it gives a series of considerations on the role that ‘citizen expertise' and strategic planning could have played in the processes employed to make use of the abandoned military areas, putting a question mark over the capacity of the town to be autocephalous, or in other words its ability to carry through strategic plans on its own. This case also highlights the important issue of the temporary reuse of abandoned military areas and the involvement of local communities in these processes.
Identitŕ dell'architettura del XX secolo e progetto contemporaneo
Authors: Galliani Pierfranco
Published: June 2021

Considering the enormous amount of the architecture built in the 20th century, only the most significant instances will be able to be restored in the true sense of the term. To do this a positive assessment must be made of the many forms of the general orientation towards the restoration of modern architecture. The difficult and operational relationship proposed by the design of restoration for buildings or modern urban fabrics can in fact highlight the issues of the ‘critical continuity' between the past and the present and also the actions designed to maintain architecture and to modify contexts may constitute supports for each other for development which looks to the future. As an alternative to the analogical relationship between the concepts of protection and conservation which usually compress use objectives, the search for the identity of a work of architecture is a path which connects ‘value judgements' with the objective of contemporary design itself, fully representing the idea of ‘active protection'.
Housing sociale: la dimensione politica del progetto
Authors: Frigau Francesca , Pusceddu Pietro
Published: June 2021

In the autumn of 2010, the municipality and Faculty of Architecture of Alghero took part in a "manifestation of interest" for social housing pilot projects held by the Region of Sardinia. The formulation of the proposal constituted an opportunity for research into the relationship between housing policies and urban planning policies and on the role of housing in the construction of the "public town or city". It contained many innovative features, the most important of which was the use of ethical property funds and the involvement of the private sector in the construction of public sector assets. Considerations included the political dimension of the project, that which makes it a tool to acquire knowledge of the local area, a summary of its complexities never subordinate to policies or the mere application of them. The project is a platform capable of generating synergies and economic and social dynamics. In short it is able to trigger urban life processes.
Trent'anni dopo. Com'è mutata l'azione delle mafie al Nord
Authors: Colussi Giovanni
Published: June 2021

Is there any question over the hypothesis of a mafia pandemic? In disagreement with the conviction that the mafia is spreading constantly, the author considers the affairs of the last thirty years in a dynamic perspective of economic, social and political variables and makes some initial considerations on the possibility that the power of the mafia to expand in communities in Northern Italy is contracting.
Un'esperienza inaspettata. Indizi della ‘ndrangheta in Lombardia
Authors: Lanzani Arturo
Published: June 2021

Today the mafia are building a new landscape in the North, which is to say they are formulating spatial rules in which land is no longer a public asset. It is generating a new economy - it is fuelling new property processes through new urbanisation, sub-contracts and earth movement - by supporting ‘plans' in which increasingly more areas are being classified as for building. The reconstruction of this metamorphosis by looking at signs and traces, experiences and news stories is the premise for a new assumption of responsibility.
"Il campo arato, il giardino, il ponte, la città": matrici architettoniche sullo sfondo di Tor Bella Monaca
Authors: Bertelli Guya
Published: June 2021

Contemporary landscape is a complex ‘text', packed with interfering elements which appear as overlapping areas of land with multiple sections capable of revealing sequences of the periods that have affected it. Tor Bella Monaca is an interesting field of study because it lies in a varied and heterogeneous region, in which four different types of inhabited landscape meet: agricultural, natural, infrastructural and urban, which make it an emblematic case that opens up new conceptual horizons for design. Scenarios emerge from these which are associated with: urban ‘regeneration' processes, which modernise buildings and landscapes again; the ‘renovation' of abandoned spaces, the reuse of infrastructural landscapes; and finally the recycling of resources which are still usable. The integration of four landscapes allows us to grasp a new dynamic and relational vision of space, with a view to the recovery and conscious transformation of our urban heritage.
SYSTEM OF FACTORS AND MECHANISM OF «GREEN TRANSFORMATION» OF ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE COUNTRY
Authors: Kotsko Taras
Published: June 2021

The problems of «green economy» development as an important component of structural transformations, a factor in the formation of a new model of economic system, which is characterized by flexibility, innovation and a tendency to self-development are considered in the article. The nature and features of «green transformations», their influence on the processes of formation of the branch structure of the economy are shown. The factors of «green transformations» are systematized, the peculiarities of their manifestation and possible effects are characterized. The role of the state in ensuring the processes of structural optimization of the economy on the basis of environmentally friendly policy is considered. The system of limitations of effective transformation of the structure of the economy in the conditions of incompleteness of market-oriented economic transformations, the presence of significant structural disparities and resource-intensive nature of the economic model is revealed. The fact that structural transformations are associated with progressive changes in the structure of the economy, the development of integration processes at the intersectoral level, as well as greening the economy, the emergence of green sectors of the economy, strengthening their integration into intersectoral relations is emphasized. The mechanism of the development of «green economy» in the context of transformation of the structure of economic system is revealed. It is proved that even in the conditions of resource-intensive economy and low efficiency of institutional environment, the state policy of stimulating development of a «green sector» economy, provides the formation of preconditions of innovative development of economy, that gradually activates processes of structural transformations. The development of the «green economy» is seen as a factor in diversifying the model of the economic system, strengthening the level of integration of industries, ensuring the internal structural integrity of the economy, its stability and flexibility. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the processes of «green economy» development, the need to find approaches to ensure the rational integration of environmental and economic instruments of public policy into its integrated mechanisms is substantiated.
Immersion, interactivity and three-dimensionality: virtual reality documentation of media art installations
Authors: Brown Kira A.
Published: June 2021

This research paper explores the possibilities for virtual reality (VR) documentation of media art installations. Based on an analysis of the characteristics of media art, and a survey of current documentation strategies, this paper investigates the viability of three-dimensional documentation. Four cross-disciplinary case studies are presented and analysed to demonstrate that VR documentation provides an immersive and richer reconstruction of a media art installation in three dimensions. In addition, the interactive components can be simulated within the VR environment, offering the possibility for curators and visitors to virtually re-experience the artwork. The case studies show that, although the creation of VR documentation can be costly and time-consuming, and currently requires a high-level of expertise, it can be a useful addition to established documentation strategies by providing essential information about the visual aspects of the artwork, its environment and the user’s multi-sensory experience.
Interrogating Variables Affecting Consumers' EV Purchasing Decision
Authors: Sultana Nadia
Published: June 2021

This paper takes a multi-step approach to answer the research question “What are the factors that affect the consumers’ EV purchasing decision-making process and how do they affect it?” In order to answer this question, this paper studies consumer data from the last 15 years. Using Hierarchical cluster analysis, this paper shows how the importance of the factors changes over time. A predictive model has been developed using Ethnographic Decision tree Modeling (EDTM) for the decision-making process of the owners of the 4 top selling EV. The top selling EVs includes models of Nissan Leaf, Tesla, Chevy Volt, and Toyota Prius, from year 2009 to 2014. This EDTM model indicates that while consumers prefer variables such as gas requirement, performance and mile coverage over other variables when deciding to purchase an EV, when given several options of EV they consider other variable such as the environment, brand and country of vehicle production to be more important.
Efisiensi Adsorpsi Ion Logam Zink (II) Menggunakan Komposit Fe3O4/Kaolin Asal Bangka
Authors: Sari Ayu Ratna , Fabiani Verry Andre , Nurhadini Nurhadini
Published: June 2021

Penelitian mengenai efisiensi adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ telah dilakukan menggunakan komposit Fe3O4-kaolin asal Bangka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik komposit Fe3O4-kaolin menggunakan FTIR dan XRD, menentukan efisiensi adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ oleh kaolin alam teraktivasi, Fe3O4, dan komposit Fe3O4-kaolin (1:1, 1:2 dan 1:3) serta mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi terhadap efisiensi adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ oleh komposit Fe3O4-kaolin. Hasil analisis FTIR dan XRD menunjukkan bahwa komposit Fe3O4-kaolin berhasil disintesis. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi dengan FTIR pada Fe3O4-kaolin menunjukkan terbentuknya komposit dengan adanya puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3685 cm-1 dan 683,89 cm-1 yang merupakan puncak serapan khas dari kaolin dan pada bilangan gelombang 3448,32 cm-1 merupakan puncak serapan khas Fe3O4 yang memungkinkan untuk berikatan dengan kaolin. Selain itu hasil analisis XRD komposit Fe3O4-kaolin menunjukkan adanya puncak difraksi pada 2θ = 12,23o; 20,83o; 24,83o; 26,6o; 30,48o; 35,625o dan 62,5o yang terdiri atas kaolin dan Fe3O4. Efisiensi adsorpsi kaolin alam teraktivasi, Fe3O4, Fe3O4-kaolin (1:1, 1:2 dan 1:3) dapat menyerap ion logam Zn2+ masing-masing sebesar 99,18%, 44,76%, 99.25%, 94,63% dan 76,25%, dengan efisiensi adsorpsi terbesar terdapat pada komposit Fe3O4-kaolin (1:1). Efisiensi adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ oleh komposit Fe3O4-kaolin (1:1) mencapai 49,57% pada konsentrasi ion logam Zn2+ sebesar 20 mg/L.

 

Kata kunci: adsorpsi, efisiensi, Fe3O4-kaolin, komposit, Zn2+
Tingkat Kerusakan Lahan Akibat Penambangan Mineral Non-Logam dan Batuan di Daerah Semin, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dengan Metode Tanpa Pembobotan
Authors: Ardiansyah Doni
Published: June 2021

Kegiatan penambangan sering dituding sebagai penyebab kerusakan lahan. Kerusakan lahan yang terjadi dapat dipantau, sehingga dapat dikontrol dan diperbaiki. Penelitian ini dilakukan di daerah Semin, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, dari bulan November 2017 hingga Maret 2018. Daerah Semin terdapat banyak terdapat aktivitas penambangan batuan dan merupakan daerah perbatasan antar provinsi. Oleh karena itu, studi kerusakan lahan yang disebabkan oleh kegiatan penambangan di daerah ini dirasa sangat penting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari kondisi kerusakan lahan yang disebabkan oleh kegiatan penambangan saat penelitian berlangsung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode tanpa pembobotan terhadap beberapa parameter yang sebagian besar mengacu pada Keputusan Gubernur DIY Nomor 63 tahun 2003 sebagai parameter yang diamati, yaitu 1) Sifat batuan penyusun tebing galian, 2) Tingkat retakan batuan 3) Pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan top soil, 4) Kedalaman penggalian / ketinggian dinding, 5) Batas kemiringan tebing galian, 6) Waktu reklamasi, 7) Besarnya erosi, 8) Alur  sungai / sedimentasi. Pengolahan data menggunakan perhitungan dengan metode tanpa pembobotan yakni seluruh parameter memiliki bobot yang sama.Tingkat kerusakan dibagi menjadi tiga, berdasarkan nilainya yaitu 1) Baik (1,00-1,66), 2) Sedang (1,67 - 2,33), dan 3) Rusak (2,34 - 3,00). Total lokasi tambang yang diamati adalah 81 lokasi tambang. Ada 21 lokasi tambang yang termasuk dalam kategori Baik, 60 lokasi tambang yang termasuk dalam kategori Sedang, dan tidak ada lokasi tambang dalam kategori Rusak.
浅析倾斜摄影测量技术在不动产测绘中的应用
Authors: 张 萍
Published: June 2021

在社会快速发展的带动下，为科学技术的发展带来了良好的机遇，从而使得大量的新型科学技术被人们研发出来，在实践运用过程中取得了良好的成绩。就以往的不动产测绘工作来说，涉及到的工作量较为巨大，并且测绘工作整体效果较差，极易受到外界多方面因素的影响。倾斜摄影测量技术是当前最为先进的一种测量专业技术，其实质就是运用无人机技术来获取需要的信息数据，从而有效的避免危险事故的发生，提升不动产测绘工作的整体效率和效果。
工程建设管理云平台的建设与工程应用研究
Authors: 丁 山
Published: June 2021

构建出一个性能优越的工程建设管理云平台，并将其运用到工程建设中，能够提高工程管理效率。基于此，文章详细阐述了云平台软件架构、硬件设施、安全系统的建设，并介绍了云平台在工程施工监测、工程质量监测、远程监测中的应用，希望能够为工程建设管理领域的发展提供助力。
基于新形势下如何加强建筑监理工作的几点思考
Authors: 高 轶
Published: June 2021

建筑监理工作是指，对建筑施工进行监督、检查、验收建筑物是否符合相关建筑标准和规定；监督、指导施工方，使工程达标；撰写验收报告。建筑监理岗位要求工作人员能够有一定的施工现场工作经验；熟悉工民建、钢结构及通信铁塔、线路施工、监理理论及监理程序。高质量建筑工程的完成，都少不了建筑监理的认真细致的监督。建筑监理担负着重大的责任，需要确保工程符合国家法律法规的标准。也是工程中的重要一环，这一岗位的存在保证了工程的质量和安全。本篇文章以新形势下如何加强建筑监理工作为基本框架，分别从建筑监理工作的重要性、目前建筑监理工作的障碍以及加强建筑监理工作的途径这三个方面做出深入研究。
超大断面箱涵顶进注浆施工工艺研究
Authors: 刘 新文
Published: June 2021

现阶段超大断面箱涵顶进注浆施工工艺在工程建设过程中得到了广泛的应用，在进行注浆施工时先采用小口径钢管构建水平维护结构，然后再将箱涵进行顶进，最终实现大断面地下空间结构。通常在进行普通箱涵顶进施工时需要在箱涵管内部先预留注浆孔，然后再注入膨润土为主料的复合泥浆，最终可以降低泥浆套摩阻力。近些年来，国内外相关专家对顶进触变注浆作用及泥浆机理进行了更进一步的研究，通过减摩工艺对施工现场进行指导。采用此种施工技术时管幕与箱涵间存在间隙，采用正面开挖时应将间隙间保留到原状体重，但是此种情况下会有超挖现象，采用此种注浆工艺进行施工时应先解决箱涵顶进所产生的摩阻力，如果此种情况没有做好处理无法为上部管幕提供支撑力，同时大断面箱涵结构会受到运输、吊装等方面的影响，所以多会采用现场浇筑作业方式，并做好后期养护工作，在这个过程中如果没有对浆液中的水分进行控制在填充时会导致上部结构出现变形或地面沉降现象。在施工中采用钢管幕与箱涵间的缝隙并注入一定厚度的厚浆与稀浆，可以降低箱涵顶进过程中周边摩阻力并有效避免地面沉降现象，提升箱涵施工质量。
智能化集成运用助力企业提升管理水平
Authors: 姬 均 , 张 闪
Published: June 2021

以问题为导向，立足生产现场，找出身边的问题，围绕“降本、提质、增效”目标，持续开展合理化建议和应用改善活动，针对生产现场存在的门禁系统需要人员监督值守、水泥库侧散装系统人工装车、水泥库侧水泥散装无法准确计量等问题充分应用智能化、信息化技术集成，实现了人员进一步精干、劳动生产率进一步提升、人工成本进一步降低的阶段性目标。
公路桥梁隧道工程施工中灌浆法加固技术的应用研究
Authors: 毛 志良
Published: June 2021

在当前新的历史时期中，我国社会经济水平在多方面利好因素的影响下得到了显著的提升，从而为各个行业的发展壮大带来了诸多的机遇，促进了我国公路桥梁隧道工程行业的快速发展，在这种形势下公路桥梁隧道工程施工技术水平也随之逐渐的提升。与其他类型的建筑工程项目相对比来说，公路桥梁隧道工程整体规模相对较大，施工工作持续时间较长，涉及到的工作量较多，施工工作具有一定的复杂性，如果在进行工程是建造工作的时候，出现任何的施工裂缝的问题，那么都会对公路桥梁隧道工程的质量和施工寿命造成一定的损害。其次，灌浆加固技术是当前最为先进的一种公路桥梁隧道工程结构加固的方法，其实质就是利用物体和液体相互融合来提升工程结构的整体稳定性，实践运用效果较为良好，并且实际操作十分的方便，拥有施工效率高，工程成本低的特征。鉴于此，这篇文章主要围绕公里桥梁隧道工程施工过程中灌浆法加固技术的实践运用展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国公路隧道工程行业的未来良好发展起到积极的辅助作用。
浅论建筑弱电智能化系统工程应用
Authors: 黄 建东 , 杨 宏吉
Published: June 2021

如今，弱电系统正在向着智能化的方向发展，这一系统涉及到的项目主要就是低电流功供电、比较电压以及强电压等。对于整个建筑项目来说弱电系统都是非常重要的，它是项目内部所有电气工程的基础，而弱电智能化系统的建立则有助于提升建筑电气在施工过程中的服务效果，能够在一定程度上对建筑的功能进行延伸，并与外界进行信息交互，可以有效的提升建筑电气系统运行的效率以及规范性，下面我们就对建筑工程弱电智能化系统的应用进行了深入的分析与探讨。
Kansalaistieteellä viheliäisten ongelmien kimppuun
Authors: Lang Tarja
Published: June 2021

Kansalaistiedettä ja vapaata sivistystyötä yhdistää kansalaisten toiminta yhteisten päämäärien hyväksi. Kansalaistieteellä on mahdollisuuksia tukea aikuiskasvatustieteen tutkimusta