bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
სამედიაციო მორიგების აღსრულებადობისა და მედიატორთა სერტიფიცირების მინიმალური სტანდარტების ურთიერთკავშირი
Authors: გურამ ბარნაბიშვილი
Published: August 2023

სტატიაში განხილულია ევროკავშირსა და მის ზოგიერთ წევრ სახელმწიფოში სამედიაციო მორიგების აღსრულებასთან დაკავშირებული ნორმატიული რეგულაციები და მათი მნიშვნელობა მედიატორთა სერტიფიცირების მინიმალური სტანდარტების განსაზღვრისას სახელმწიფოს შემდეგი ვალდებულების ჭრილში: უზრუნველყოს ეფექტური, მიუკერძოებელი და კომპეტენტური მედიაციის პროცესი. ამასთანავე, შესწავლილია საქართველოში არსებული რეგულაციები სამედიაციო მორიგების აღსრულებასთან დაკავშირებით, წარმოჩენილია საქართველოს სამოქალაქო საპროცესო კოდექსის ცვლილებებისა და „მედიაციის შესახებ“ საქართველოს კანონის მიღების შედეგად სასამართლო და კერძო მედიაციასთან დაკავშირებული სიახლეები. მათ შორის „მედიაციის შესახებ“ საქართველოს კანონით დადგენილი მედიატორის პროფესიის დაუფლების წინაპირობები. გამოკვეთილია საქართველოს მედიატორთა ასოციაციაში გასაწევრიანებლად ასოციაციის მიერვე დადგენილი მედიატორთა სერტიფიცირების მინიმალური სტანდარტები და მათი მნიშვნელობა.
მხარეთა ავტონომიისა და შინაარსობრივი სამართლიანობის თანაზომიერება მედიაციის პროცესში
Authors: ჭიჭიკოშვილი დავით
Published: August 2023

სტატია ეხება სამედიაციო პროცესში მხარეთა ავტონომიისა და შინაარსობრივი სამართლიანობის თანაზომიერების დაცვის საკითხს.  ანალიზი ეფუძნება როგორც საქართველოში მოქმედ  კანონმდებლობას, ასევე სხვადასხვა უცხოურ მართლწესრიგში არსებულ საკანონმდებლო თუ მეცნიერულ მიდგომებს. სტატიაში მიმოხილულია ის რისკები, რაც წარმოშობს დილემას თვითგამორკვევის პრინციპსა და შინაარსობრივ სამართლიანობას შორის. ამასთან,  ხაზგასმულია ამ ორ პრინციპს შორის თანაზომიერების დაცვის აუცილებლობა. აღნიშნული საკითხებზე მეცნიერული დისკურსი მედიაციის სამართლიანი პრაქტიკის დანერგვისთვის არსებითად მნიშვნელოვანია.
Law as an Instrument of Social Change — A Bloodless Revolution
Authors: Kumar Hon’ble Justice. N.
Published: August 2023

No abstract
Legal Education in India — A Much Warranted Paradigm Shift Towards Equal Justice
Authors: Babu Hon’ble Justice. Rajendra
Published: August 2023

No abstract
Religion, Secularism and Law
Authors: Balagangadhara S. N.
Published: August 2023

No abstract
Child Trafficking in India: An Overview
Authors: Patel Avanish Bhai
Published: August 2023

No Abstract.
The Constitution of India: The Grand Experiment
Authors: Ghosh Satamita
Published: August 2023

No Abstract.
Use of Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods for Effective Consumer Protection- A Critical Analysis
Authors: Bharadwaj H Sree Krishna
Published: August 2023

No Abstract.
Custody of a Child -Its Legal Aspects
Authors: Patoli Heena Ghanshyam
Published: August 2023

In modern society divorce has become rampant and the bad effects of that is that where do the children go or with whom do the children live with. During any breakdown of marriage, the custody of children is an important question to be resolved. Itis said “the child needs a mother the most, but it needs a father too”. The question that arises is does the Indian law believes this? Is it that the law believes that the child has a good future just with the mother? Is it possible that the mother can always be the right person in the life of the child? There are instances when both the parents want the custody of the children and also when noneof the parents want the custody of the children. There have been cases where the Supreme Court has decided that even when mother is carrying on illicit, illegal profession the custody is given to her. Issues also arise when there are foreign jurisdictionsand foreign Court judgements involved. Further, there are matters where the spouse is facing the criminal charges for the murder/abetment of murder of the other, then who should be handed over the custody. The Courts have also look into the aspect of working mothers while deciding on the custody as they may not have time for the children. The Courts while granting the custody has to look into second marriages ofone or both the partners. Many times the child prefers to alienate himself from both the parents as he is fed up of the fights. Then, there is a bigger issue of ego clashes between the parents and where they both are harming the child without realizing it.

This paper remaps the different legal aspects of custody of a child. The paper discusses the Indian laws regarding the child custody. The custody of the child affects the child emotionally and psychologically. The child is caught up in between the parents,its difficult for him/her to choose one over the other. In the quarrels the couple forgets that thechild is suffering. The paper explores the legality of custody of a child in India. It brings out the hardships of the parents who have become slaves of the law and therefore research paper asks a simple question are we even able to give basic human rights or justice to the parents. Justice can be done to either the father or mother but not to both and hence justice can be done to just of them and other one is deprived of it. This paper looks into the laws regarding the custody of the child in India, the amendments required to remove the superiority of one parent over the other and the kind of impression that is left by the law on the child. And finally the paper discusses the factors considered by the Courts when granting custody. Children many times become very aggressive because of the fights of the parents over the custody issue and many criminals are born, they take into drugs and other vices and innocent children become criminals after facing the hardships. It becomes very difficult for such children to survive in the society. The children are also not accepted in the society easily.
Teaching Criminallaw With Latest Developments: A Case For Inclusion of Corporate Crimes and Corporate Manslaughter
Authors: Chakka Benarji
Published: August 2023

Teaching criminal law in a law school is a unique experience toa teacher must have the required skills to teach the subject in a most unique manner. Teaching and learning criminal law gives a very fascinating experience by involving the students actively in a classroom environment. However, today in a law school set up most of the teachers are equipped to teach the subject based on the syllabus prepared or prescribed by the university authorities and Bar Council of India’s model syllabus. In this context, it is an important question whether the prescribed syllabus gives a space and opportunity for the law teacher to teach in an innovative manner while keeping abreast with the challenges and development, which are posed bysociety. It is perceived that teachers do not have space and opportunity to include the on going developments and challenges to teach the subject in a more contemporary manner. This may involve various factors, which may include a lack of opportunity for the teachers to prepare the syllabusby themselves while engages toteach the students. Lack of expertise on the subject and not having an opportunity to teach the same subject continuously. Some of these are only indicative, and many other reasons are available in the Indian legal education system. The current essay is an attempt to study some of the pertinent issues and suggest teachers of criminal law to be more innovative and adoptive to the changes, which are taking in society.
The Arbitration Amendment Act, 2019 and the Changing Arbitration Eco-system in India: Needs a Re-look?
Authors: Moonka Dr. Rohit , Mukherjee Dr. Silky
Published: August 2023

No abstract
Domain Name Disputes and the Rising Threat of Cybersquatters
Authors: Agarwal Jalaj , Bindra Gracy
Published: August 2023

No abstract
Covid-19 and the Plight of Animals in India: Safety And Prevention Approaches
Authors: Aksa Pradeep Nimita , Siddique Noureen
Published: August 2023

No abstract
Combating Corporation-Induced Environmental Pollution in Nigeria vide Shari’ah Mechanism
Authors: Muhammed-Mikaaeel Ahmed Abiodun , Abdul-Qadir Zubair Asihat
Published: August 2023

The menace of environmental pollution is not limited to a particular clime. The scourge is being felt globally. Efforts to combat the menace are still ongoing at global, regional and national levels. Nigeria, as a sovereign nation, has suffered and is still suffering the menace of environmental pollution. The discovery of crude oil in commercial quantity gave birth to corporation-induced environmental pollution. National effort towards combating corporation-induced pollution gave rise to series of legal frameworks while the country continues to experience environmental degradation. Against this backdrop, this paper looks for options beyond the conventional corporate law vide Shari’ah mechanism. This paper, which employs the Qualitative Research Design, adopts both the doctrinal and nondoctrinal legal research approaches. For the doctrinal approach, content analysis was adopted to analyze the primary sources like texts of Fiqh and legislations as well as the secondary sources such as textbooks, journals, articles, reports, among others. With the aid of comparative analysis, the paper compares approaches to corporation-induced environmental protection under conventional law and Shari’ah. The paper further presents a visual representation of the various views using thematic analysis with the help of ATLAS.ti software. The paper contends that environmental pollution signifies corporate governance failure. It also argues that despite the availability of legal framework for environmental protection, the menace of corporation-induced pollution is persistent ow-ing to certain challenges. It is contended that Nigeria has never considered Shari’ah perspective in protecting its environment. Hence, Shari’ah approach is recommended for combating corporation-induced environmental pollution in Nigeria.
Law of Sedition in India-More Misuse Than Use?: A Critical Analysis With Respect to National and International Statistics
Authors: Pandey Adarsh
Published: August 2023

The law of Sedition in India has got a dark history with it being enacted by a colonial government to force people to accept its supremacy and penalise the deviants. The said law is being used repeatedly by governments to crush political dissent. The apex court, thorough its various rulings, has quite clearly restricted the scope of execution of the said law to check its misuse, and most surprisingly, the bare section of the act itself, if followed strictly, would help tackle its misuse. The explanations appended to the said section regulate the scope of this blazing fire section, which can be very easily used as tool by a democratic government to run nation like a dictator, by suppressing any voice that deeply questions and abrupt execution of any government policy. But the data revealed by various agencies, be it national, or be it international, has quite clearly established the fact of arbitrary and selective use of the said law. The statistics, viewed from various angles, very explicitly enlighten the exploitation of the said law by various means in the past few years. The work at hand, critically examining all these issues, and most importantly, the pattern of statistics, attempts to raise a case for strong amendments in the existence and execution of the said law.
Wash fastness properties of pre-mordanting cotton fabrics dyed with natural dyes
Authors: TURGUT Halil İbrahim , SELÇUK ELGÜN Begüm , YARAR Özlem
Published: August 2023

With the awareness of the negative effects of synthetic products on the environment and human health, there is a global search for environmentally, friendly and sustainable consumer products with natural dyes. The concept of naturalness gains importance for textile products that are in direct contact with human body. Therefore, dyeing process of cellulosic based fabrics in different colours with natural dyes has been developed. In this study, cotton fabrics were dyed in different colours at 1% and 3% concentrations by pre-mordanting with a cationic mordanting agent, and the washing fastness of the fabrics was tested. Before dyeing the fabrics were pre-treated and made sustainable for dyeing. Tube dyeing was performed with five different commercial natural dyes at different concentrations using the HT dyeing technique. Cotton fabrics structures in different colours were obtained by using a thickening agent in dyeing and a colour chart that could be presented to the market was created. In the studies carried out, it was observed that the fastness results were quite good in the acceptable value range (3-5), although there were dyeing defect, especially in dark dyed fabrics. It was determined that the prepared dyes should be filtered in order to minimize the dyeing defect.
Over environments evaluation of bell pepper hybrids developed through modified triple test cross mating design for earliness, yield and quality under North-Western Himalayas
Authors: Anuradha Anuradha , Sood Sonia , Sood Tamanna
Published: August 2023

Hybridization among diverse parents is a great way to create variability within a genus with a narrow genetic base. During Kharif, 2021 and 2022, an experiment was conducted in bell pepper at the research farm of Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSKHPKV, Palampur (HP) using randomized complete block design under open field conditions to evaluate 15 diverse parents (12 lines and three testers) and their 36 F1 hybrids developed through triple test cross mating design along with two standard checks for eight yield and quality traits. Significant variations were noticed among all the genotypes for all the characters under study. Based on the overall mean performance in pooled environments, cross-combinations viz., HPB-7 × California Wonder, HPB-7 × HPB-39-CW, HPB-2-16 × HPB-39, HPB-6-1 × California Wonder and HPB-29 × HPB-39 were found top highest yielders. Besides the highest yielders, they were reported earliest in flowering and picking, containing more primary branches and a good amount of capsanthin, TSS and ascorbic acid content. Hence, these cross-combinations can be directly released as hybrids after multi-location/farmers’ field testings or can be used in further breeding programmes.
Effect of potassium permanganate on postharvest quality attributes of bitter gourd fruit
Authors: Belwal Pooja , Singh Anil K , Pal Akhilesh K , Sharma Swati , Barman Kalyan
Published: August 2023

Bitter gourd is a widely consumed cucurbitaceous vegetable rich in several nutrients and phytochemicals. The fruit is also used in traditional medicine systems to cure a variety of ailments. However, bitter gourd fruit has a very short postharvest life of 3-4 days at ambient conditions, due to which it suffers significant loss after harvest. In the present study, with the aim to extend storage life, bitter gourd fruits were packed in corrugated fiberboard boxes along with sachets of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) granules @ 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g per kilogram of fruit; while control fruits were packed without KMnO4 sachets. The results revealed that during 8 days of storage at room temperature, fruits packed with 3.0 g/kg KMnO4 sachets had minimum deterioration in fruit quality compared to control, and also weight loss and decay loss was observed lowest. KMnO4 treated fruit @ 3.0 g/kg retained the highest chlorophyll content and lowest accumulation of carotenoid pigments in the fruit skin. These fruits also had maximum soluble solids, ascorbic acid, total phenolics content, antioxidant capacity and minimum accumulation of malondialdehyde up to 8 days of storage than other treatments.
Genetics of cluster bearing habit and fruit surface morphology in ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula Roxb.)
Authors: Karmakar Pradip , Munshi AD
Published: August 2023

Luffa acutangula or ridge gourd generally produces solitary and ribbed or ridged fruit, but Satputia a feral form of ridge gourd with hermaphrodite sex form produces non-ribbed fruits in cluster. The present study was conducted to determine the inheritance cluster bearing habit and non-ridge fruit in ridge gourd from the crosses of two hermaphrodite lines (Satputia Long and Satputia Small) which produced small numerous non-ribbed fruits in cluster and five monoecious lines (DRG-2, Pusa Nasdar, Utkal Tripti, Arka Summet and HARG-110), produced solitary long fruit with ten prominent ridges. It was observed that all the F1 plants were solitary bearer and produced ridged fruit. In F2 generation, the observed distribution of plant phenotypes for bearing habit and fruit surface morphology fitted well to the expected ratio of 3:1 (solitary vs cluster) and 15:1 (ridge vs non-ridge) for bearing habit and fruit surface morphology, respectively. The segregation pattern suggested monogenic recessive control of cluster bearing habit, while duplicate recessive genes control ridged fruit surface in Luffa acutangula.
Effect of organic and inorganic source of nutrient on growth, yield and quality attributes of okra seed cv. Kashi Pragati
Authors: Singh Subham , Singh DP , Maurya Brijesh Kumar , Kishor Braj , Singh Himanshu , . Nirankar
Published: August 2023

Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] is an economically important vegetable crop belonging to the Malvaceae family grown in sub-tropical and tropical parts of the world. It originated in tropical Africa, also known as lady’s finger or bhindi. Because of its richness in nutrition, taste, medicinal and industrial value, okra is one of the most popular vegetables in all sections of people (Harisha et al. 2021). The fruits are harvested at tender stage and consumed as a vegetable. Okra usually required 90-100 days for complete the production cycle. Okra can be cultivated in Kharif and Rabi in both seasons. All parts of okra fresh leaves, buds, flowers, pods, stems and seeds can be used for different purposes; hence, it is a multipurpose crop in terms of its uses (Gemede et al. 2015; Maurya and Yadav 2021).
Implementation of The Death Penalty Execution After A Final Verdict In Indonesia
Authors: Danny Aditya Prima
Published: August 2023

In the realm of public knowledge, capital punishment is recognized as a severe and, at times, inhumane form of criminal punishment. This implies that individuals tend to be hesitant when faced with the impending reality of their own death, understanding that the ultimate decision lies in the hands of a higher authority. Consequently, individuals should be conditioned to become accustomed to the idea of witnessing and possibly experiencing the brutality, cruelty, and injustice associated with capital punishment. While these elements may instill fear, it is important to recognize that the death penalty holds an equal standing with other punitive laws. Its purpose lies in achieving national peace, security, and societal well-being.
Características fisicoquímicas del mango (mangifera indica l) en dos variedades para su comercialización en la provincia de Chanchamayo – Junín
Authors: Echevarria Victorio Jimmy Pablo , Malpartida Yapias Rafael Julián , Castro Galarza César Raúl , Pérez Sullcaray Willian
Published: August 2023

El mango es una fruta con un gran valor nutricional y rico en compuestos, como flavonoides, los glucósidos de xantona y los taninos bioactivos antioxidantes, antiinflamatorios, esto para poder prevenir el cáncer y las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Los antecedentes demuestran los beneficios que nos da el mango debido a ellos es que se estudió las variedades del mango provenientes de la selva central Chanchamayo y el objetivo fue realizar los análisis fisicoquímicos para dar a conocer los beneficios con respecto a las características obtenidas. Obteniendo los siguientes resultados de las variedades Haden y Kent en humedad es de 82,07% y 83.92%, valor superior al obtenido por Manayay (2015), quien reporta 82,30% de humedad y valor inferior al obtenido por Capcha y Cruz (2019), quienes reportan 85,09 % de humedad, en proteína se obtuvo 0,42% y valor superior al obtenido por Manayay (2015), quien reporto 0,41% y en proteína se obtuvo 0,47%, valor inferior al obtenido por Capcha y Cruz (2019), quienes reportan 0,53%, en Energía total se obtuvo 71,42% y 64,02% en Kent; se puede concluir que las características químico proximal y fisicoquímico de las variedades Haden y Kent cultivados en Chanchamayo, Perú benefician los requisitos de la Norma NMX-FF058-SCFI-2006.
Didáctica investigativa y empoderamiento metodológico en el posgrado
Authors: Espiritu Martinez Antony Paul , Gomez Perez Katerine Karen , Espinoza Véliz Miriam Zulema , Espinoza Egoavil Melvi Janett
Published: August 2023

La investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la relación entre la didáctica investigativa y el empoderamiento metodológico en estudiantes de Posgrado, fue de alcance cuantitativo, diseño correlacional y la muestra censal la constituyeron 38 Maestristas. Se aplicó la técnica de encuesta, como instrumentos dos cuestionarios. Resultado. El 57.9%(22) presenta empoderamiento metodológica regular y presenta perspectiva poco eficiente de la didáctica investigativa. Conclusión: existe relación entre la didáctica investigativa y el empoderamiento metodológico (p = 0.000) siendo necesario reinventar la didáctica investigativa impartida en las escuelas de Posgrado mediante estrategias objetivas de aprendizaje (cooperativo, problematizador, búsqueda y enseñanza diferenciada).
Pendampingan Kewirausahaan dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Pelaku UMKM Di Desa Purwobinangun
Authors: Rialdy Novien , Melisa Ahdwi Tia
Published: August 2023

This community service activity aims to provide socialization regarding knowledge about entrepreneurship and knowledge about the economy in order to gain understanding and ultimately improve business. Increasing business so that it can increase profits and increase the GDP of the city of Depok. This community service activity went smoothly and was attended by participants as expected. The implementation of this assistance through outreach about entrepreneurial activities in Purwobinangun Village starts on 11 August - 26 August 2022. In addition, participants were able to understand material about entrepreneurship and the economy, as indicated by the question and answer and active participation of most of the participants. Based on the results of this community service implementation, the next community service participants can improve their abilities and entrepreneurial spirit in a more compact manner, namely for those whose businesses are similar or have similarities with the goal if there is a large order they can be done collectively
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Danau Ganting Melalui Optimalisasi Wisata Alam Danau Ganting Barito Selatan
Authors: Mariadi Mariadi , Ahmad Sabarudin , Kumalasari Mai Ratih , Lucia Waredayani Anisa , Andriani Lisa
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this activity is to see the potential of Ganting Lake so that it can be used as a natural tourist destination. The Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) service method. The results obtained from this activity are that Lake Ganting has the potential to be developed as a natural tourist destination because its beauty is no longer in doubt. Furthermore, the interest of the local community and newcomers from outside to have recreation at Ganting Lake is very large , and the people in Danau Ganting Village welcome it if Lake Ganting can be used as a natural tourist destination so that the beauty of the lake can be exposed and many people can visit and indirectly improve the economy of the people in Danau Ganting Village. However, the role of the Barito district government The South must take part in realizing the natural tourism potential of Ganting Lake
Penyuluhan Peran Kerjasama dalam Organisasi bagi BEM dan UKM di Universitas Widya Mataram
Authors: Artha Bhenu , Asri Cahya Purnama , Sari Utami Tunjung , Khairi Ardhi
Published: August 2023

This community service activity provides counseling to BEM and UKM management in the UWM environment which aims to provide additional understanding and knowledge about the relationship between organizational cooperation, intellectual capital and human capital, therefore BEM and UKM UWM administrators can run the organization better. This community service activity is carried out using lecture, demonstration, and question and answer methods. The benefits that can be obtained by participants from this community service activity include increasing the knowledge, understanding, and experience of UWM BEM and UKM administrators regarding the relationship between organizational cooperation, intellectual capital and human capital
Blended Learning Dalam Menghadapi Era Society 5.0
Authors: Suwahyu Irwansyah , Rasid Nurul Fajriani , Muttaqia Muttaqia , Gobel Yasin Anil Hakim , Adistia Ainun Zahra
Published: August 2023

Society 5.0 is an idea and concept that brings major changes in solving societal problems by utilizing technology and  taking into account human and humanities aspects. At this time, the use of technology such as the internet and e-learning has been effectively used in higher education, one of which is blended learning.  The purpose of this study was to find out how much influence the  use of SYAM-OK has  on blended learning  on the UNM campus. In this study using quantitative methods with Google Form instruments that are distributed online. The sample for this study was active students of  the UNM campus (Students who  use SYAM OK), as  many as 79 respondents who participated in this study. The results of this study are; (1) online learning  using blended learning can affect student  learning outcomes  ;  (2)  the online learning process  based on blended learning  is fairly effective as seen from only 10 respondents / students with an average of 1.3% who do not understand the concept of  blended learning
Analisis Ancaman Terhadap Keamanan Data Pribadi pada Email
Authors: Wahyu Hidayat M  , Nurhayi Musdira  , Natatsa Rasyid  , Miftahul Khairi S  , Muh Juharman
Published: August 2023

Today's technological advances cannot be separated from people's lives. Basically, technology was created to facilitate human work. One of the very rapid technological developments is in the field of communication technology.  The communication technology that is widely used in the world is email. Email is a very popular application and is used every day for personal, business or for official because it has many positive things. But on the other hand, email also has a negative impact. Due to the large use of email, many criminals use email to steal user privacy or other nefarious purposes. The research method used is quantitative research method.  Data collection was carried out by collecting data from student surveys of the Department of Informatics and Computer Engineering, Makassar State University. This study was conducted by distributing research questionnaires.  Therefore, we need to analyze what are the threats to email in order to avoid theft of personal data and other threats.
ANALYSE ÉCONOMIQUE DE LA DEMANDE DE LA VIE RELIGIEUSE : ÉVIDENCE ET LIMITE
Authors: ZIKAMA JEAN
Published: August 2023

QUESTION SUR LA DEDOLLARISATION DE L’ECONOMIE CONGOLAISE ET SON IMPACT SUR LE BIEN-ETRE DE LA POPULATION : Cas du commerce informel dans la Ville de Goma
SATISFACCIÓN DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DEL POSGRADO DE LA CARRERA DE ADMINISTRACIÓN Y GESTIÓN ESTRATEGICA DEL TALENTO HUMANO
Authors: Martínez Reyes Diana Gisel , Muñoz Prieto Guillermo Octavio , Verduzco Ramírez Patricia Ivonne , Hernández Ramírez Luis Fernando , Rivas Mendoza Luis Felipe
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo se analiza los factores que influyen en la satisfacción de los estudiantes que estudian el posgrado de administración y gestión estratégica del talento humano y como es que esto influye en su desarrollo académico. Con base a la encuesta aplicada pudimos observar, que para los estudiantes es importante mantener la calidad de servicio con la que ya cuenta la institución, sin olvidar que debe de mejorar en las nuevas habilidades y tecnologías. Y siempre contar con docentes capacitados en cada una de las asignaturas a las que se les destine.
КЊИГА О ЧЕТИРИ РЕВОЛУЦИЈЕ
Authors: Субић Радован
Published: August 2023

Милош Ковић предаје Општу историју XIX вијека на Одељењу за историју Филозофског факултета у Београду.Четири револуције. Европа и свет 1774–1799. његово је најновије дјело. Писање књига посвећених европској и свјетској историји није уобичајена пракса српских историча- ра, њихове су теме по правилу „локалног“, националног карактера. Синте- тички приступ уз истовремено постављање српске историје у шири европ- ски и свјетски контекст такође је ријеткост. На прсте једне руке могуће је набројати домаће историчаре који су се прихватили таквог задатка. По- ред теме, хронолошки оквир такође представља својеврсно изненађење. Милош Ковић се до сада, у својим научним радовима и већини моногра- фија, фокусирао на златно доба српске културе (1903–1914), године Велике источне кризе (1875–1878) и период Првог свјетског рата (1914–1918) да би овом књигом „отишао“ на почетак дугог деветнаестог вијека о којем пише и предаје скоро двије деценије.
Jules Favre: political views and activities of the "blue" Republican in France of the XIX century
Authors: Ignatchenko Igor V.
Published: August 2023

Jules Favre (1809-1880) is one of the «founding fathers» of the Third Republic in France, who contributed much to the formation of the republican tradition in Hexagone. In the Russian historiography hasn’t appeared yet a special study devoted to the political views and activities of Jules Favre. In the article Jules Favre is considered as a prominent figure of the republican movement in France of the XIX century, who played an important role in the struggle for the establishment of the republican system in France. The July Revolution of 1830 was a big influence on the formation of Favre's political views. During the years of the Second Republic Favre took an important place among moderate "blue" Republicans who linked the future of the republic with general Cavaignac. The article refutes the point of view established in Russian historiography that Emile Ollivier from the very beginning headed the liberal "five" opposition deputies during the Second Empire. The article shows that the strategic mistakes made as Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Government of National Defense during negotiations with Bismarck’s Prussia, drew a line under Favre's political career and created a partly negative image of this politician in historiography. This article is based on a wide range of sources: various speeches and writings by J. Favre, as well as memoirs, diaries and correspondence of his contemporaries.
“Ruritania” and “Megalomania” as "ideal models" in Ernest Gellner’s concept of nationalism and the prospects for its application to analysis of Iranian history
Authors: Kyrchanoff Maksym Waler'evich
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the implentation possibilities of classical theories of nationalism to analysis of the Iranian nationalism history. The author analyzes the ideal models of Ruritania and Magalomania as imagining nationalizing and modernizing societies proposed by Ernest Gellner. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the features and contradictions of the development of the historical forms of Iranian nationalism in contexts of the ideal models proposed in modernist historiography. It is assumed that the nationalist modernization of the Qajars and Pahlavi in Iranian historiography is perceived through the prism of a constructivist approach. The article analyzes 1) the problems of the inability of nationalism to become the dominant and determining political force that constructs the main features of the development of society and the state in Iran, 2) the features of the development and transformation of the traditions of political and ethnic nationalism, 3) the role of the ruling Qajar and Pahlavi dynasties in implentation of various strategies of nationalist modernization. The article also shows the potential of a comparative analysis of various historical forms of Iranian nationalisms in contexts of a constructivist approach. The results of the study suggest that 1) the causes and forms of the crisis of the nationalist project in Iran can be described and analyzed adequately with use of Ruritania and Megalomania concepts as ideal types of nationalism development, formulated by Ernest Gellner in contexts of social and cultural histories as confrontations between the political principles of the nation and religious principles and ideals of the Ummah; 2) Iranian modern system emerged as an attempt to institutionalize a compromise between a civilized modernized Megalomania and traditional Shia Ruritania, which led to a combination of political nationalism with an internationally declared recognition of the primacy of Shiism.
Sociocultural space of the Penza region during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945)
Authors: Yakupova Dar'ya Viktorovna
Published: August 2023

The subject of the research is the study of the content, forms and methods of practical activity of cultural organizations, associations of the Penza region and creative workers during the Great Patriotic War at the front and in the rear, as well as socio-cultural interaction in order to form patriotic sentiments. Special attention is paid to the coverage of the activities of cultural institutions of the Penza Region, creative associations, as well as the work of the authorities to achieve the goals and objectives of ensuring the preservation of a high level of socio-psychological motivation of the Soviet population in the fight against the Nazi invaders.The study is also a collection, generalization and updating of local history material on the transformation of cultural life of the Penza region caused by evacuation processes. Within the framework of the work, new historical sources that were not previously involved in scientific circulation are published, to study the socio-cultural space and creativity of cultural figures of the Penza region during the Great Patriotic War as a system of interaction and education of patriotism, adaptation strategies of the Soviet man in the conditions of mobilization and extreme living conditions. The thesis is substantiated that the response of art workers to the needs of wartime was not just a formal execution of a state order, but an internal call, a philosophically grounded meaningful action of each employee. It was the inner desire to be useful during the war, coupled with creative potential and a sincere desire for self-realization, that became a vivid example of the manifestation of spiritual and moral values traditional for our Fatherland. The material collected and analyzed in the work can be used in research work, in the preparation of teaching aids, in university and school training courses, including local history, as well as in the work of museums and in the preparation of scientific literature. The methodological basis of the work was logical, historical-logical, system-structural, socio-cultural, comparative-legal, generalization, commenting method.
Using Social Networks to Shape the Image of the CEC of Russia in 2019
Authors: Berezkina Elena
Published: August 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of the content of state organizations' social networks with the example of the CEC of Russia and an attempt to conduct a scientific study of the current tools offered by social networks for building a communicative connection ("power-citizen") and the formation of the image of a state organization. The subject of the study was the CEC of Russia’s communication strategy and presence on selected social networks. An analysis of the actors influencing its creation and implementation was carried out, as well as a study of the audience (target and real) for which information is produced and the formats of interaction with it. When writing the work, the author used the method of content analysis and Integrum monitoring systems to collect statistical information about the reactions of Russian Internet users to the activities of the CEC of Russia. Due to the development of social media algorithms and the increase in their users, there is a request for research describing current processes and changes in society. The specificity of modern society is that there is a formal erasure of borders and simplification of interaction between the state and the citizen, while it is implied that this process is mutually beneficial. The authorities are gaining new tools to influence citizens and new opportunities to form a positive image. Citizens have received a channel to express opinions and direct dialogue with the authorities, especially with regard to expressing dissatisfaction with the government's response to society’s social and political demands.
On the Issue of the Peculiarities of the Formation and Modernization of the State Environmental Policy of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China
Authors: Ditsevich Yaroslava Borisovna , Yurkovskii Aleksei Vladimirovich
Published: August 2023

This article discusses aspects of solving environmental protection problems and outlines issues characterizing the interaction between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China. An assessment is given on the adoption of legislation for both states and joint coordinated measures aimed at reducing and eliminating negative trends associated with environmental degradation in Russia and China. The features of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China's influence on state environmental policies on environmental issues are described. The analysis of the state of legality in enforcing environmental legislation and the effectiveness of legal means used in implementing prosecutorial supervision in this area is carried out. Empirical, statistical, and scientific information is provided on how the prosecutor's offices of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China participate in the formation of methods and tools of national environmental policies that are of a state nature and carry out their activities mainly in legal forms using complex mechanisms of legal regulation. The proposed article compares the concepts of sustainable development in force in Russia and the People's Republic of China based on generally recognized environmental standards by the international community, which have been ratified in the legislation of the countries under consideration, and analyzes the problems and areas of improvement of Russian and Chinese environmental legislation.
The Russian E-commerce Market During COVID-19: Legal Regulation and Trends
Authors: Vronskaya Mariya Vladimirovna , Isaev Maksim Andreevich
Published: August 2023

The subject of this paper’s research is the peculiarities of legal regulation and development of the e-commerce market during the COVID-19 pandemic. The author examines in detail the concept of "e-commerce," which is understood as an economic sphere that combines trade and financial transactions that are carried out through contactless interaction of the parties involved. The article also analyzes the system of legal regulation of the e-commerce market and identifies trends for further improvement. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the pandemic on civil law turnover, resulting in the e-commerce market becoming the dominant commodity exchange in the Russian Federation. The study provides statistics on commodity exchange on online platforms for 2021–2022, which has grown significantly compared to previous years. The author’s main conclusions are that the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the processes of digitalization in all spheres of public life, as a result of which trade and financial transactions, for the most part, began to be carried out via the Internet and laid the foundation of the digital economy; to date, electronic commerce has become predominant, but is not devoid of shortcomings of legal regulation; trends of strengthening digital transformation are aimed at delineating the legal status and responsibility of participants in trade ("marketplace," "online store," etc.), expanding the list of types of digital assets and determining their legal regime (account, etc.).
A local ATR-dependent checkpoint pathway is activated by a site-specific replication fork block in human cells
Authors: Ahmed-Seghir Sana , Jalan Manisha , Grimsley Helen E. , Sharma Aman , Twayana Shyam , Kosiyatrakul Settapong T , Thompson Christopher , Schildkraut Carl L. , Powell Simon N.
Published: August 2023

When replication forks encounter DNA lesions that cause polymerase stalling a checkpoint pathway is activated. The ATR-dependent intra-S checkpoint pathway mediates detection and processing of sites of replication fork stalling to maintain genomic integrity. Several factors involved in the global checkpoint pathway have been identified, but the response to a single replication fork barrier (RFB) is poorly understood. We utilized the
E.coli
-based Tus-
Ter
system in human MCF7 cells and showed that the Tus protein binding to
TerB
sequences creates an efficient site-specific RFB. The single fork RFB was sufficient to activate a local, but not global, ATR-dependent checkpoint response that leads to phosphorylation and accumulation of DNA damage sensor protein γH2AX, confined locally to within a kilobase of the site of stalling. These data support a model of local management of fork stalling, which allows global replication at sites other than the RFB to continue to progress without delay.
The interplay between homeostatic synaptic scaling and homeostatic structural plasticity maintains the robust firing rate of neural networks
Authors: Lu Han , Diaz Sandra , Lenz Maximilian , Vlachos Andreas
Published: August 2023

Critical network states and neural plasticity are essential for flexible behavior in dynamic envi-ronments, allowing for efficient information processing and experience-dependent learning. Synaptic-weight-based Hebbian plasticity and homeostatic synaptic scaling were considered the key mechanisms in enabling memory while stabilizing network dynamics. However, the role of structural plasticity as a homeostatic mechanism is less consistently reported, especially under activity inhibition, leading to an incomplete understanding of its functional impact. In this study, we combined live-cell microscopy of eGPF-labeled neurons in organotypic entorhinal-hippocampal tissue cultures with computational modeling to investigate the response of spine-number-based structural plasticity to activity perturba-tions and its interaction with homeostatic synaptic scaling. Tracking individual dendritic segments, we demonstrated that inhibiting excitatory neurotransmission does not monotonically regulate den-dritic spine density. Specifically, inhibition of AMPA receptors with a low concentration of 2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo[f]quinoxaline (NBQX, 200 nM) significantly increased spine density, while complete AMPA receptors blockade with 50
µ
M NBQX reduced spine density. Motivated by these findings, we developed network simulations incorporating a bi-phasic structural plasticity rule governing activity-dependent synapse formation. We showed that this biphasic rule maintained neu-ral activity homeostasis under stimulation and permitted either synapse formation or synapse loss, depending on the degree of activity deprivation. Homeostatic synaptic scaling affected the recurrent connectivity, modulated the network activity, and influenced the outcome of structural plasticity. Specifically, it reduced stimulation-triggered synapse loss by downscaling synaptic weights and res-cued silencing-induced synapse loss by upscaling recurrent inputs, thus reactivating silent neurons. Our interaction between these mechanisms offers an explanation for divergent findings in the existing literature. In summary, calcium-based synaptic scaling and homeostatic structural plasticity rules compete and compensate for one another, ensuring efficient and robust control of firing rate home-ostasis.
Interplay between homeostatic synaptic scaling and homeostatic structural plasticity maintains the robust firing rate of neural networks
Authors: Lu Han , Diaz Sandra , Lenz Maximilian , Vlachos Andreas
Published: August 2023

Critical network states and neural plasticity are essential for flexible behavior in an ever-changing environment, which allows for efficient information processing and experience-based learning. Synaptic-weight-based Hebbian plasticity and homeostatic synaptic scaling were considered the key players in enabling memory while stabilizing network dynamics. However, spine-number-based structural plasticity is not consistently reported as a homeostatic mechanism, leading to an insufficient under-standing of its functional impact. Here, we combined live-cell microscopy of eGPF-tagged neurons in organotypic entorhinal-hippocampal tissue cultures and computational modeling to study the re-sponse of structural plasticity under activity perturbations and its interplay with homeostatic synaptic scaling. By following individual dendritic segments, we demonstrated that the inhibition of excitatory neurotransmission did not linearly regulate dendritic spine density: Inhibition of AMPA receptors with a low concentration of 2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo[f]quinoxaline (NBQX, 200 nM) sig-nificantly increased the spine density while complete blockade of AMPA receptors with 50
µ
M NBQX reduced spine density. Motivated by these results, we established network simulations in which a biphasic structural plasticity rule governs the activity-dependent formation of synapses. We showed that this bi-phasic rule maintained neural activity homeostasis upon stimulation and permitted both synapse formation and synapse loss, depending on the degree of activity deprivation. Homeostatic synaptic scaling affected the recurrent connectivity, modulated the network activity, and influenced the outcome of structural plasticity. It reduced stimulation-triggered homeostatic synapse loss by downscaling synaptic weights; meanwhile, it rescued silencing-induced synapse degeneration by am-plifying recurrent inputs via upscaling to reactivate silent neurons. Their interplay explains divergent results obtained in varied experimental settings. In summary, calcium-based synaptic scaling and homeostatic structural plasticity rules compete and compensate one another other to achieve an eco-nomical and robust control of firing rate homeostasis.
Chromosome-specific maturation of the epigenome in the Drosophila male germline
Authors: Anderson James , Henikoff Steven , Ahmad Kami
Published: August 2023

Spermatogenesis in the Drosophila male germline proceeds through a unique transcriptional program controlled both by germline-specific transcription factors and by testis-specific versions of core transcriptional machinery. This program includes the activation of genes on the heterochromatic
Y
chromosome, and reduced transcription from the
X
chromosome, but how expression from these sex chromosomes is regulated has not been defined. To resolve this, we profiled active chromatin features in the testes from wildtype and meiotic arrest mutants and integrate this with single-cell gene expression data from the Fly Cell Atlas. These data assign the timing of promoter activation for genes with germline-enriched expression throughout spermatogenesis, and general alterations of promoter regulation in germline cells. By profiling both active RNA polymerase II and histone modifications in isolated spermatocytes, we detail widespread patterns associated with regulation of the sex chromosomes. Our results demonstrate that the
X
chromosome is not enriched for silencing histone modifications, implying that sex chromosome inactivation does not occur in Drosophila. Instead, a lack of dosage compensation in spermatocytes accounts for the reduced expression from this chromosome. Finally, profiling uncovers dramatic ubiquitinylation of histone H2A and lysine-16 acetylation of histone H4 across the
Y
chromosome in spermatocytes that may contribute to the activation of this heterochromatic chromosome.