bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
D’une articulation bénéfique entre l’hébergement et l’ambulatoire
Authors: Defossez Philippe
Published: January 2018

Les institutions de placement se heurtent, de par leurs missions et de par le contexte sociétal, aux mêmes limites. La première partie de cet article décrit quelques-unes de ces dérives : les placements « évitables », les délais et les critères d’admission, l’ambivalence familiale source de rivalité, le stress d’un retour en famille, les renvois, le manque de suivi des jeunes majeurs. La deuxième partie de l’article tente de montrer en quoi la mise en place d’un accompagnement ambulatoire avant et après un placement peut diminuer certains de ces impacts négatifs. Cet article plaide pour l’arrêt d’une politique de séparation des structures d’hébergement et des services ambulatoires.
Folk Hero Peter Klepec in the Melting Pot of Different Traditions
Authors: Kropej Telban Monika
Published: January 2018

V članku je raziskano izročilo o Petru Klepcu, kakor ga lahko zaznamo iz dojemanja ljudi na podlagi analize besedil in konteksta pripovedi o tem tradicijskem junaku v okolju, v katerem se je do danes ohranilo, tj. v dolini Čabranke in zgornje Kolpe na obeh straneh državne meje med Slovenijo in Hrvaško. Prav obmejna lega, ki prvotno ni predstavljala ovire, je z osamosvojitvijo obeh republik povzročila določene spremembe v interpretaciji in percepciji izročila, na katero so vplivale tudi vsebine, ki so se nanašale na druge folklorne junake.
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The paper focuses on the popular tradition about Peter Klepec as it is detected in the perceptions of people on the basis of textual analysis and the context of the narratives about this traditional hero where they have been preserved to this day: the Čabranka and Upper Kolpa Valley situated on both sides of the state border between Slovenia and Croatia upon their independence. It is this border location, originally not an obstacle, that has led to certain changes to the interpretation and perception of this narrative tradition, which was also influenced by the oral tradition about other folk heroes.
The Role of Emil Korytko in Identifying Slovenian Song Practices
Authors: Klobčar Marija
Published: January 2018

Objavljanje ljudskih pesmi je v času romantizma postalo pomemben referenčni in reprezentančni okvir za izražanje nacionalnosti. Na Slovenskem se je v 30. letih 19. stoletja v zbirateljska prizadevanja vključil Poljak Emil Korytko. Svoje poglede je oblikoval v poljski etnološki šoli, slovensko ljudsko izročilo pa je želel predstaviti v primerjalnem okviru slovanskih kultur. Načrt je začel uresničevati s pripravo zbirke Slovenske pesmi krajnskiga narόda. Prispevek skuša ovrednotiti Korytkova prizadevanja za objavo slovenskega ljudskega pesemskega izročila, odgovoriti na vprašanje, kako je Korytku uspelo, kar ni njegovim predhodnikom, in analizirati Korytkova opažanja pesemskih praks na Slovenskem, ki so bila pristransko ovrednotena zaradi ocen Stanka Vraza.
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The publication of folk songs during the Romantic era became an important referential and representational framework for expressing nationalism. In the 1830s, the Polish nobleman Emil Korytko joined the collection efforts in Slovenian territory. Korytko’s perspectives were shaped in the Polish ethnographic school, and he wished to present Slovenian folk heritage in the comparative framework of Slavic cultures. He started carrying out this plan by preparing his collection Slovénſke péſmi krajnſkiga narόda (Slavic Songs of the Carniolan Nation). This article evaluates Korytko’s efforts to publish Slovenian folksong heritage, addresses how Korytko succeeded where his predecessors had not, and analyzes Korytko’s observations of song practices in Slovenian territory, which were evaluated with bias as a result of Stanko Vraz’s views.
The Importance of the Text: Infanticide ‒ from Life into Song and Literature
Authors: Golež Kaučič Marjetka
Published: January 2018

Prispevek se osredinja na temo detomora, ki je izjemno močno zastopana tako v slovenski kot v evropski baladni tradiciji kot tudi v delih evropskih in slovenskih avtorjev med 18. in 20. stoletjem, vse od Johanna W. Goetheja do Svetlane Makarovič. Predmet analize je baladni tip Obsojena detomorilka, eden redkih baladnih tipov, ki je nastal v urbanem okolju. Avtorica domneva, da je v tem primeru t. i. arhetekst ustvaril izobraženec in ne samo nadarjeni posameznik iz nižje družbene plasti, kakor se to navadno misli za ljudsko pesem. S tekstno analizo pesmi in na podlagi folklorističnih, etnoloških, antropoloških, zgodovinskih, pravnih in literarnovednih spoznanj ponovno presoja pomembnost besedila v razmerju s kontekstom in teksturo ter odkriva podrobnosti življenjskih razmer subjekta balade. Ta je povezan s t. i. realno osebo, saj naj bi balada nastala v drugi polovici 18. stoletja v Ljubljani. Ugotavlja, da so upodobitve ženske kot detomorilke in njene poznejše usode v baladah in literarizacijah odsevale družbeno-politično resničnost časa, v katerem so nastale. Le v redkih literarnih obdelavah pa je razviden prevladujoči odnos do ženske kot nezakonske matere in detomorilke.
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The article focuses on the theme of infanticide, which is known throughout both the Slovenian and general European ballad traditions, as well as in works of literature from the eighteenth to twentieth centuries (from Goethe to Makarovič). The special Slovenian ballad (type no. 287) in Slovenian Folk Songs, titled “The Convicted (or Condemned) Infanticide,” one of the rare ballad types from an urban environment, is analyzed. The author posits that the “archetext” of this ballad was created by an educated person and not merely a talented individual from the lower social strata, as one generally thinks of folk songs. Using textual analyses and employing theoretical discourses from folklore, ethnology, anthropology, history, and other areas, the paper establishes the importance of the text in the relation to context and texture. It also reveals details of the life conditions of the ballad’s subject, who is closely connected to the historical person, which indicates that the ballad was created in the second half of the eighteenth century in Ljubljana based on real events. Depictions of women as child-killers and their fate in ballads and literary works reflected the social and political reality of the times they originate from. However, only rare literary reworkings clearly show the dominant perspective on women as unwed mothers or child-killers.
Early springtime water absorption by overwintering eggs of Mindarus abietinus (Hemiptera: Aphididae): possible implications for cold hardiness and diapause termination
Authors: Doherty Jean-François , Guay Jean-Frédéric , Cloutier Conrad
Published: January 2018

Eggs of the balsam twig aphid Mindarus abietinus Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) overwinter for several months in obligate diapause, which terminates in early springtime when embryogenesis of the stem mother supposedly resumes. Important shape and size changes were observed on eggs collected at regular intervals during late winter and early spring. These observations led to the visual classification of eggs into three shape categories: flat eggs (C1), semi-flat eggs (C2), and round and turgid eggs (C3). Egg mass significantly increased with time during late winter and early spring, which coincided with the noticeable changes in morphological composition (i.e., from C2 to C3). Our observations suggest that free water surrounding eggs on fir (Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller; Pinaceae) shoots is essential for M. abietinus normal embryonic development during snowmelt. Also, reduced egg water content during winter could modify its supercooling point, and the renewed availability of water in springtime may signal diapause termination and/or initiate embryogenesis of the stem mother.
Abundance and stability of populations of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) infesting two species of woodpeckers (Aves: Piciformes: Picidae)
Authors: Lamb Robert J. , Galloway Terry D.
Published: January 2018

The annual abundance of chewing lice (Phthiraptera) was recorded from 1996 to 2015 in Manitoba, Canada, on two species of woodpeckers (Piciformes: Picidae). Yellow-bellied sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus varius (Linnaeus)) were infested with Menacanthus pici (Denny) (Amblycera: Menoponidae) and Penenirmus auritus (Scopoli) (Ischnocera: Philopteridae); northern flickers (Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus)) were also infested with M. pici, as well as two other Ischnocera, Penenirmus jungens (Kellogg) and Picicola porisma Dalgleish. The mean annual abundance varied from nine to 51 lice per bird for the four species, with prevalence, mean intensity, sex ratio, and nymphs per female also varying among louse species. Menacanthus pici populations on both hosts were unstable: abundance rose over two decades because of increasing prevalence, whereas the abundance of the other three louse species fluctuated around a mean. Population variability was similar for the lice on both hosts, with the metric, PV, ranging from 0.41 to 0.51 on a 0–1 scale, once the effect of the trend in abundance for M. pici had been removed. Although the population dynamics for species of lice on these two woodpeckers were distinct, inter-specific differences in population stability were less pronounced than observed in the few other species of bird lice studied in this way.
PINX1 and TERT Are Required for TNF-α–Induced Airway Smooth Muscle Chemokine Gene Expression
Authors: Deacon Karl , Knox Alan J.
Published: January 2018

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells contribute to asthmatic lung pathology with chemokine hypersecretion and increased ASM cell mass. With little recent progress in the development of asthma therapies, a greater understanding of lung inflammation mechanisms has become a priority. Chemokine gene expression in ASM cells is dependent upon NF-κB transcription factor activity. The telomerase/shelterin complex maintains chromosomal telomere ends during cell division. Telomerase is a possible cofactor for NF-κB activity, but its role in NF-κB activity in airway tissue inflammation is not known. In this study, we sought to address two key questions: whether telomerase is involved in inflammation in ASM cells, and whether components of the shelterin complex are also required for an inflammatory response in ASM cells. Telomerase inhibitors and telomerase small interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced TNF-α–induced chemokine expression in ASM cells. Telomerase siRNA and inhibitors reduced NF-κB activity. An siRNA screen of shelterin components identified a requirement for PIN2/TERF1 interacting-telomerase inhibitor 1 (PINX1) in chemokine gene expression. High-level PINX1 overexpression reduced NF-κB reporter activity, but low-level expression amplified NF-κB activity. Coimmunoprecipitation studies showed association of PINX1 and p65. Overexpression of the N terminus (2–252 aa) of PINX1, but not the C-terminal telomerase-inhibitor domain (253–328 aa), amplified TNF-α–induced NF-κB activity. GST pull-downs demonstrated that the N terminus of PINX1 bound more p65 than the C-terminal telomerase-inhibitor domain; these observations were confirmed in whole cells with N-terminal and C-terminal PINX1 immunoprecipitation. We conclude that telomerase and PINX1 are required for chemokine expression in ASM cells and represent significant new targets for future anti-inflammatory therapies for lung diseases, such as asthma.
Treatment response evaluation using Yttrium-90 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis of knee joint
Authors: Kim Jong , Kim Wi , Pak Yong
Published: January 2018

For radiosynovectomy, we have measured the retention time of yttrium-90 (90Y) hydroxyapatite (particle size 1–10 μm) within the knee joint space and evaluated the treatment responses in knees with rheumatoid arthritis. Radioactive measurements in the region of knee after injection of 90Y hydroxyapatite into the joint space were made with a single prove system designed to monitor radioactivity and showed retention of 90Y in the knee ranged 76.6% ±5.4% after 4 days of injection. The clinical improvements in rheumatoid arthritis of knee joint with steinbroker Stages I and II were increased as time goes by, the improvement ratio is in 72% at 6th months and 76% at 12th months after injection of 90Y 185 MBq (5 mCi) per joint.
99m-Technetium sestamibi uptake in a gastric schwannoma
Authors: Shawgi Mohamed , Ali Tamir , Scott Matthew , Petrides George
Published: January 2018

We report the case of a 74-year-old woman with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent 99m-technetium-sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography for preoperative localization of parathyroid adenoma. Unexpected focal sestamibi uptake was observed at a 5 cm submucosal tumor arising from the greater curve of the stomach. The patient underwent partial gastrectomy and the histological and immunohistochemical findings were consistent with the diagnosis of gastric schwannoma.
Stimulated serum thyroglobulin levels versus unstimulated serum thyroglobulin in the follow-up of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Sunny Saumya , Hephzibah Julie , Mathew David , Bondu Joseph , Shanthly Nylla , Oommen Regi
Published: January 2018

Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid whole-body radioiodine scintigraphy (TWBS) are used in the follow-up of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after total thyroidectomy. Symptoms of hypothyroidism are frequent as patients discontinue levothyroxine 1 month before visit, favoring the use of unstimulated serum Tg (uSTg) only. This study was done to determine the reliability of stimulated serum Tg levels (sSTg) over uSTg. A total of 650 patients with PTC came for follow-up between June 2011 and 2016. In those who had levels of uSTg and sSTg months measured within an interval of median of 3 months (range from 1 to 8 months), risk stratification was done as per the American Thyroid Association guidelines 2015. Intervention was based on a cutoff value of sSTg >10 ng/ml in our institution and the same was used for data analysis. Out of 650 patients, 106 had paired Tg values. Low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups comprised 40, 31, and 35 patients, respectively. The sSTg >10 ng/ml with uSTg <10 ng/ml in the same patient was noted in 22.5% (9/40) of the low-risk, 41.9% (13/31) of the intermediate-risk, and 14.2% (5/35) of the high-risk groups. The levels were corroborated with tumor burden as determined by additional clinical, ultrasonography neck, and TWBS findings. Our study highlights the superiority of sSTg over uSTg in the follow-up of PTC patients. Follow-up with uSTg alone may result in underestimating the tumor burden.
Substitution du ciment CPA par la poudre de verre dans les mortiers à hautes performances
Authors: Arab Bahia , Mehaddene Rachid , Bouchnab Yacine
Published: January 2018

Low ratios water/binder reduce the permeability of the concrete. Moreover, the additions of ends contribute to the improvement of the compactness by their effect on the granular filling. In this research we evaluated the effect of finely crushed glass powder as a cementitious addition (Krati and Kansal, 2016), (Zeghichi et al., 2012) on the physico-mechanical properties of cement-based mortars without addition CEM I (CPA). The cement CPA was substituted by glass powder (GP) with the percentages of 10% and 20% by fixing once the ratio W/C (Water / Cement) and then the ratio W/B (Water / Binder) equal to 0.35, the set of results was compared with the reference mortar without GP. The results obtained show a beneficial behavior of the glass powder on the mechanical characteristics and the durability of the various mortars studied.

Les faibles rapports eau/liant conduisent à diminuer la perméabilité du béton et les ajouts de fines telles que la fumée de silice, l’argile, les laitiers et les cendres contribuent ainsi à l’amélioration de la compacité par leur effet de remplissage granulaire. Dans cette recherche nous avons évalué l’effet de la poudre de verre broyée finement comme ajout cimentaire (Krati et Kansal, 2016), (Zeghichi et al., 2012) sur les propriétés physico-mécaniques des mortiers à base de ciment sans ajout CEM I (CPA). Le ciment CPA a été substitué par de la poudre (PV) avec les pourcentages de 10 % et 20 % en fixant une fois le rapport E/C (Eau/Ciment) et ensuite le rapport E/L (Eau/Liant) égal à 0,35, l’ensemble des résultats a été comparé avec le mortier de référence sans PV. Les résultats obtenus montrent un comportement bénéfique de la poudre de verre sur les caractéristiques mécaniques et la durabilité des différents mortiers étudiés.
Le recyclage est-il l’unique solution pour une gestion durable des DEEE ? Étude de l’incidence du contexte réglementaire et des politiques publiques sur les filières développées en France
Authors: El Bouchtioui Lamia
Published: January 2018

20 to 50 million tons of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) in the world are produced, which could lead risks for the public health and the environment (CNIID and les Amis de la Terre, 2010). One of the peculiarities of the WEEE is their composition at the same time of toxic products and valuable products, in particular precious metals and rare earth. The WEEE requires a particular treatment to avoid the burying. The recycling is a key lever to limit the production of WEEE in the world. It allows the sustainable re-use of present materials in quantity limited on Earth (Grosse, 2010). It has for advantage the capacity to move back of a few years the risk of the end of natural resources, but cannot stop it. It remains necessary to develop other ways in parallel to slow down this problem. The prevention remains a priority for the policy concerning waste. The re-use is a fundamental lever to limit the impacts of the WEEE and the consumption of natural resources. However, in practice the recycling seems to prevail in France and goes away from other recommendations regarding prevention.

20 à 50 millions de tonnes de déchets d’équipements électriques et électroniques (DEEE) sont produits chaque année dans le monde, ce qui pourrait induire des risques pour la santé publique et l’environnement (CNIID et les Amis de la Terre, 2010). L’une des particularités des DEEE tient à leur composition à la fois de produits toxiques et de produits de valeur, notamment des métaux précieux et des terres rares. Aussi les DEEE requièrent un traitement particulier afin d’éviter l’enfouissement. Le recyclage est un levier clé pour valoriser certains constituants des DEEE. Il permet la réutilisation durable de matières présentes en quantité limitée sur Terre et retarde ainsi l’épuisement de ces ressources naturelles (Grosse, 2010). Cependant cette approche ne concerne qu’une partie des constituants des DEEE, et il est donc nécessaire de développer d’autres moyens en parallèle pour toucher une part plus grande des flux de matière considérés. La prévention demeure une priorité pour la politique en matière de déchets. Le réemploi et la réutilisation sont également des leviers permettant de réduire les impacts des DEEE et la consommation des ressources naturelles. Toutefois, le recyclage semble, en pratique, prédominer en France au détriment des autres approches qui pourraient le compléter efficacement.
Analyse des impacts économico-environnementaux du changement d’usage d’un foyer de cuisson traditionnel par un foyer de cuisson amélioré optimisé à charbon de bois dans les ménages de la ville de Kinshasa
Authors: Hurtado Pérez Elías , Mulumba Ilunga Oscar , Moros Gómez María Cristina , Vargas Salgado Carlos
Published: January 2018

This study is oriented to the economic and environmental impacts of the substitution in Kinshasa traditional cookstoves by improved clean cookstoves. We selected two traditional cookstoves (TCS), the TCS D27 and the TCS D23 and two improved cookstoves (ICS), the ICS 16/8/NC and the ICS 16/8/C. The test was carried out under the cooking controlled test (CCT) protocol, which is a laboratory test under strictly controlled conditions. All tests were carried out using the meal much preferred by the average and poor households of Kinshasa. To cook a dry meal of 1150g of beans and 1250g of rice, it takes 2429g of charcoal for a traditional cookstove TCS D27 and 1847g for traditional cookstove TCS D23. However, this only requires 1198g of charcoal for an improved cookstove ICS 16/8/NC and 1081g for an improved clean cookstove ICS 16/8/C. This represents fuel savings ranging from 37% to 55%. A household of 10 people in Kinshasa would spend up to $ 48.61 per month to purchase fuel with a TCS D27 while it will only need $ 22.01 per month for the same culinary tasks using an ICS 16/8/C.

Le présent travail a consisté à analyser les impacts économiques et environnementaux du changement d’utilisation dans les ménages de la ville Kinshasa en République démocratique du Congo (RD Congo) du foyer de cuisson traditionnel par un foyer de cuisson amélioré. Nous avons sélectionnés deux foyers de cuisson traditionnels (traditional cookstove TCS), le TCS D27 et le TCS D23 et deux foyers de cuisson améliorés (improved cookstove ICS), le ICS 16/8/NC et le ICS 16/8/C. Le test réalisé fut le test de cuisson contrôlée (cooking controlled test CCT), qui est un test de laboratoire dans des conditions strictement contrôlées. Tous les tests furent réalisés en cuisinant un mets local familier populaire, principalement apprécié par les ménages moyens et pauvres de Kinshasa. Pour cuire un repas sec de 1150 g de haricot et 1250 g de riz, il a fallu 2429 g de charbon de bois avec un foyer traditionnel TCS D27 et 1847,4 g avec un foyer traditionnel TCS D23. Mais cela exigeait seulement 1198,7 g de charbon de bois avec un ICS 16/8/NC ou 1081,1 g avec un ICS 16/8/C,ce qui représente des économies en combustible allant de 37% jusqu’à 55%. Ainsi un ménage de 10 personnes à Kinshasa dépenserait jusqu’à 48,61 $/mois pour l’achat en combustible avec l’usage d’un TCS D27 alors qu’il n’aura besoin que de 22,01 $ mensuels pour les mêmes tâches culinaires en utilisant un ICS 16/8/C.
Éditorial n°75 Déchets Sciences et Techniques
Authors: Gourdon Rémy , Naquin Pascale
Published: January 2018

Ce numéro 75 confirme par son contenu la diversité des sujets de recherche développés dans le domaine des déchets et de l’ingénierie environnementale. Depuis la production d’une protéase fongique à partir de déchets agro-industriels à la sélection de sites d’enfouissement de déchets, en passant par des travaux et des réflexions sur le recyclage des DEEE, de poudre de verre, et la comparaison de la performance de foyers de cuisson, chaque lecteur pourra trouver dans ce numéro un thème d’intérêt !Et c’est bien la richesse de notre revue que d’ouvrir les consciences de ses lecteurs et auteurs vers différents horizons qui les sortent de leur domaine de spécialité mais les accompagnent dans un dessein commun : celui de respecter et protéger notre planète pour eux-mêmes et pour les générations futures.Les Objectifs de Développement Durable (ODD) doivent désormais jalonner notre route au quotidien. Ceci afin que les générations futures puissent connaitre des conditions de vie au moins aussi bonnes que les nôtres, mais aussi pour que les populations aujourd’hui les plus défavorisées arrivent, espérons-le, à accéder rapidement à de meilleures conditions de vie sur notre planète si fragile. En cette période de l’année propice aux bonnes résolutions, essayons chaque jour de nous demander ce que nous avons fait dans ce sens, à l’atteinte de quel ODD nous avons contribué. Ainsi, les nombreux petits colibris que nous sommes arriveront à transformer ce monde ! C’est en tout cas le vœu que nous formulons à l’approche des fêtes de fin d’année.
Variação sazonal e interanual na dinâmica populacional de Croton blanchetianus em uma floresta tropical seca
Authors: Nascimento Izabelle Silva , Santos Josiene Maria Falcão Fraga dos , Silva Renata Christina Souza , Santos Danielle Melo dos , Silva Kleber Andrade da , Araújo Elcida De Lima
Published: January 2018

O estudo foi realizado em uma área de caatinga em Pernambuco. Buscou-se avaliar a dinâmica de Croton blanchetianus em função da variação de precipitação entre estações climáticas e entre anos. Todos os indivíduos de C. blanchetianus presentes nas parcelas amostradas foram monitorados mensalmente, durante dois anos consecutivos. Houve diferença significativa de novas plântulas de C. blanchetianus entre estações e entre anos. Considerando a variação de precipitação entre anos, o comportamento da população parece ter sofrido pouca influência, pois apenas 14,8% de novas plântulas nessa população podem ser explicados pela variação de precipitação entre estações e entre anos. O poder de explicação da mortalidade pelo modelo linear generalizado foi de 1,4%, considerando a interação entre sazonalidade e variação interanual de precipitação. Diante desse contexto, torna-se necessário uma abordagem mais ampla do ponto de vista ecológico, para avaliar quais fatores ambientais são decisivos e podem estar direcionando o ritmo de renovação dessa população no tempo.
Custos e índices econômicos de povoamentos de eucalipto do Programa Produtor Florestal no Espírito Santo
Authors: Chichorro Jose Franklim , Silva André Luiz Pinheiro da , Andrade Wendel Sandro De Paula , Hegedus Clovis Eduardo Nunes , Aquira Kuboyama Filipe Quirino
Published: January 2018

Com o objetivo de analisar a atividade de produção de madeira proveniente do Programa Produtor Florestal como alternativa econômica de investimento, foram coletados dados de custos de implantação de povoamentos de eucalipto, bem como os custos referentes à colheita e ao transporte. Os custos das atividades na fase de implantação, além dos preços da madeira (m³), foram obtidos junto à empresa Fibria S.A. Os custos de colheita e transporte foram obtidos por meio de aplicação de questionários em seis propriedades, em municípios do Sul do Estado do Espírito Santo. Todos os valores de custos e preços foram corrigidos pelo IPCA para 2014. A avaliação compreendeu a análise dos custos referentes ao processo de produção, colheita e transporte e sua participação no custo total da atividade. Também foram calculados os índices econômicos renda bruta, margem bruta, margem líquida, lucratividade e rentabilidade da atividade. Os custos com maior participação na produção foram custo da terra (34,90%), implantação (23,34%), transporte (21,09%) e colheita (20,67%). De acordo com os índices econômicos aplicados, o investimento em reflorestamento mostrou-se como uma alternativa viável economicamente para os produtores, considerando a produtividade obtida e o preço do m³ da madeira praticado pela empresa.
Morfologia do fruto, das sementes e dos estádios iniciais de desenvolvimento de Helicostylis tomentosa
Authors: Arruda Yêda Maria Boaventura Corrêa , Ferraz Isolde Dorothea Kossmann , Mendes Angela Maria Da Silva
Published: January 2018

Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar as características morfológicas complexas dos frutos e diásporos de inharé, e fornecer subsídios para o reconhecimento da planta na fase inicial do desenvolvimento. As infrutescências apresentam, em média, 2,2 cm x 2,9 cm x 2,6 cm, com 4-10 frutos inseridos ao perianto carnoso. Os frutos, drupas monospérmicas, apresentam um pericarpo fino-gelatinoso, que contem um pirênio globoso, levemente achatado, marrom opaco e liso medindo 0,9 cm x 0,8 cm x 0,6 cm. A semente exalbuminosa possui tegumento membranoso; o embrião é axial total e as reservas encontram-se nos cotilédones crassos e isófilos. A germinação é tipo hipógea criptocotiledonar; com a retirada do endocarpo, a protrusão da raiz primária ocorre após 10 dias da semeadura e a plântula normal aos 30 dias está completamente formada. A plântula possui os primeiros eofilos com filotaxia alterno-espriralada, forma elíptica com base atenuada, ápice agudo a acuminado e margem denteada; o epicótilo é cilíndrico, com aproximadamente 1,0 cm de comprimento, e possui catafilos; o sistema radicular é bem desenvolvido, com muitas raízes secundárias. As plantas jovens, entre 50 cm a 115 cm de altura, apresentam similaridades morfológicas com o indivíduo adulto, principalmente no tocante ao caule e às folhas.
Biomassa de espécies florestais em área de caatinga arbórea
Authors: Virgens Aline Pereira , Barreto-Garcia Patrícia Anjos Bittencourt , Paula Alessandro De , Carvalho Flávia Ferreira de , Aragão Mariana De Aquino , Monroe Paulo Henrique Marques
Published: January 2018

Estudos sobre quantificação de biomassa florestal na Caatinga ganham importância diante da escassez de informações relacionadas ao tema no bioma e, em particular, no estado da Bahia. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os estoques de biomassa e sua distribuição nos componentes da parte aérea de espécies florestais de maior densidade populacional e o potencial de utilização do fator de expansão de biomassa (FEB) médio para obtenção de estimativas de biomassa aérea em área de Caatinga localizada na Floresta Nacional Contendas do Sincorá, BA. A biomassa foi quantificada pelo método destrutivo. Foram selecionadas e abatidas árvores representativas das nove espécies de maior densidade populacional, distribuídas em três classes diamétricas. As quantidades médias de biomassa total e carbono por árvore, considerando o conjunto das espécies amostradas, foram estimadas em 50,7 kg arv-1 e 25,3 kg arv-1. Jatropha mollissima mostra-se dissimilar quanto à alocação de biomassa (galhos > fuste > folhas) em relação às demais espécies (fuste > galhos > folhas). Os maiores valores médios de biomassa individual foram verificados nas espécies Commiphora leptophloeos (171 kg arv-1), Coccoloba oblonga (76 kg arv-1) e Pseudobombax simplicifolium (40 kg arv-1). O FEB médio obtido para o conjunto das espécies (1,74) propiciou valores estimados próximos dos reais.
Variações na produção de sementes e recomendações para o manejo de uso múltiplo da andirobeira
Authors: Tonini Helio
Published: January 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variação anual da produção de frutos da andirobeira em floresta nativa e as suas implicações para o manejo florestal de uso múltiplo. Os dados foram coletados em floresta nativa, no sul do Estado de Roraima em parcela permanente de 9 ha (300 m x 300 m) onde a produção de sementes de 115 árvores foi monitorada durante quatro anos. Observou-se que a produção de sementes da população variou entre os anos de observação, sendo maio a julho o período de maior produção. Poucos indivíduos (22,6%) concentraram a maior parte da produção de sementes (80,7%) e as árvores mais produtivas apresentaram diâmetro a 1,30 m do solo entre 40 a 70 cm. Recomenda-se a adoção de um diâmetro mínimo de corte de 70 cm em planos de manejo madeireiros na região em estudo. Para o controle na coleta das sementes recomenda-se restringir a coleta aos indivíduos mais produtivos e somente no período de máxima frutificação.
Efeitos da variação morfológica e ambiental sobre a probabilidade de produção de oleorresina por Copaifera paupera
Authors: Guarino Ernestino De Souza Gomes , Uller Heitor Felippe , Esemann-Quadros Karin , Gessner Camila Mayara , Da Silva Ana Cláudia Lopes
Published: January 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar como variáveis morfológicas (diâmetro a 1,30 m do solo - DAP e alturas totais e comerciais) e ambiental (declividade, distância de corpos d'água, direção solar e altitude) controlam a produção de óleoresina de Copaifera paupera(Herzog) Dwyer no sudoeste da região Amazônica. O trabalho foi realizado na floresta do campo experimental da Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, AC. Foram mapeadas e mantidas 47 árvores com DAP ≥ 40 cm, das quais 21,3% desenvolveram a artilharia no ar e 53,2% produziram vistoria realizada 5 a 7 dias mais tarde, totalizando 74,5% de árvores produtivas. A declividade foi uma variável única que influenciou significativamente a produção de óleores, sendo que maior, maior a probabilidade de produção. Os resultados foram os seguintes: árvores com áreas de declividade iguais ou superiores a 10% têm 100% de probabilidade de produzir unidades de produção, sendo que esse número pode ser explicado pela formação de grupos de tração em áreas com relevo inclinado,
Gross changes in forest area shape the future carbon balance of tropical forests
Authors: Li Wei , Ciais Philippe , Yue Chao , Gasser Thomas , Peng Shushi , Bastos Ana
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Bookkeeping models are used to estimate land-use and land-cover
change (LULCC) carbon fluxes (ELULCC). The uncertainty of bookkeeping
models partly arises from data used to define response curves (usually from
local data) and their representativeness for application to large regions.
Here, we compare biomass recovery curves derived from a recent synthesis of
secondary forest plots in Latin America by Poorter et al. (2016) with the
curves used previously in bookkeeping models from Houghton (1999) and Hansis et al. (2015). We find that the two
latter models overestimate the long-term (100 years) vegetation carbon
density of secondary forest by about 25 %. We also use idealized LULCC
scenarios combined with these three different response curves to demonstrate
the importance of considering gross forest area changes instead of net forest
area changes for estimating regional ELULCC. In the illustrative case of
a net gain in forest area composed of a large gross loss and a large gross
gain occurring during a single year, the initial gross loss has an important
legacy effect on ELULCC so that the system can be a net source of
CO2 to the atmosphere long after the initial forest area change. We show
the existence of critical values of the ratio of gross area change over net
area change (γAnetAgross), above which cumulative ELULCC is a
net CO2 source rather than a sink for a given time horizon after the
initial perturbation. These theoretical critical ratio values derived from
simulations of a bookkeeping model are compared with observations from the 30 m resolution Landsat Thematic Mapper data of gross and net forest area change in the
Amazon. This allows us to diagnose areas in which current forest gains with a
large land turnover will still result in LULCC carbon emissions in 20, 50 and
100 years.
Transfer of diazotroph-derived nitrogen to the planktonic food web across gradients of N2 fixation activity and diversity in the Western Tropical South Pacific
Authors: Caffin Mathieu , Berthelot Hugo , Cornet-Barthaux Véronique , Bonnet Sophie
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation provides the major source of new nitrogen (N) to the open ocean, contributing more than atmospheric and riverine inputs to the N supply. Yet the fate of the diazotroph-derived N (DDN) in the planktonic food web is poorly understood due to technical limitations. The main goals of this study were to (i) quantify how much of DDN is released to the dissolved pool during N2 fixation and how much is transferred to bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton, (ii) to compare the DDN release and transfer efficiencies under contrasting N2 fixation activity and diversity the oligotrophic waters of the Western Tropical South Pacific (WTSP) Ocean. We used nanometer scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) coupled with 15N2 isotopic labelling and flow cytometry cell sorting to track the DDN transfer to plankton, in regions were the diazotroph community was either dominated by Trichodesmium or by UCYN-B. After 48 h, ~ 20–40 % of the N2 fixed during the experiment was released to the dissolved pool when Trichodesmium dominated, while the DDN release was not quantifiable when UCYN-B dominated. ~ 7–15 % of the total fixed N (net N2 fixation + release) was transferred to non-diazotrophic plankton within 48 h, with higher transfer efficiencies (15 ± 3 %) when UCYN-B dominated as compared to when Trichodesmium dominated (9 ± 3 %). Most of the DDN (> 90 %) was transferred to picoplankton (Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus and bacteria) in all experiments. The cyanobacteria Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus were the primary beneficiaries (~ 65–70 % of the DDN transfer), followed by heterotrophic bacteria (~ 23–34 % of the DDN transfer). The DDN transfer in bacteria was the highest (34 ± 7 %) when UCYN-B were dominating the diazotroph community. Regarding higher trophic level, the DDN transfer to the dominant zooplankton species was more efficient when the diazotroph community was dominated by Trichodesmium (~ 5–9 % of the DDN transfer) than when it is dominated by UCYN-B (~ 28 ± 13 % of the DDN transfer). To our knowledge, this study provides the first quantification of DDN release and transfer to phytoplankton, bacteria and zooplankton communities in open ocean waters. It reveals that despite UCYN-B fix N2 at lower rates compared to Trichodesmium in the WTSP, the DDN from UCYN-B is much more available and efficiently transferred to the planktonic food web than the DDN coming from Trichodesmium.
Shallow water table effects on water, sediment, and pesticide transport in vegetative filter strips – Part 1: nonuniform infiltration and soil water redistribution
Authors: Muñoz-Carpena Rafael , Lauvernet Claire , Carluer Nadia
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Vegetation buffers like vegetative filter strips (VFSs) are often used to protect water bodies from surface runoff pollution from disturbed areas. Their typical placement in floodplains often results in the presence of a seasonal shallow water table (WT) that can decrease soil infiltration and increase surface pollutant transport during a rainfall-runoff event. Simple and robust components of hydrological models are needed to analyze the impacts of WT in the landscape. To simulate VFS infiltration under realistic rainfall conditions with WT, we propose a generic infiltration solution (Shallow Water table INfiltration algorithm: SWINGO) based on a combination of approaches by Salvucci and Entekhabi (1995) and Chu (1997) with new integral formulae to calculate singular times (time of ponding, shift time, and time to soil profile saturation). The algorithm was tested successfully on five distinct soils, both against Richards's numerical solution and experimental data in terms of infiltration and soil moisture redistribution predictions, and applied to study the combined effects of varying WT depth, soil type, and rainfall intensity and duration. The results show the robustness of the algorithm and its ability to handle various soil hydraulic functions and initial nonponding conditions under unsteady rainfall. The effect of a WT on infiltration under ponded conditions was found to be effectively decoupled from surface infiltration and excess runoff processes for depths larger than 1.2 to 2 m, being shallower for fine soils and shorter events. For nonponded initial conditions, the influence of WT depth also varies with rainfall intensity. Also, we observed that soils with a marked air entry (bubbling pressure) exhibit a distinct behavior with WT near the surface. The good performance, robustness, and flexibility of SWINGO supports its broader use to study WT effects on surface runoff, infiltration, flooding, transport, ecological, and land use processes. SWINGO is coupled with an existing VFS model in the companion paper (Lauvernet and Muñoz-Carpena, 2018), where the potential effects of seasonal or permanent WTs on VFS sediment and pesticide trapping are studied.
Brief communication: Unabated wastage of the Juneau and Stikine icefields (southeast Alaska) in the early 21st century
Authors: Berthier Etienne , Larsen Christopher , Durkin William , Willis Michael , Pritchard Matthew
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The large Juneau and Stikine icefields (Alaska, JIF and SIF) lost mass rapidly in the second part of the 20th century. Laser altimetry, gravimetry and sparse field measurements suggest continuing mass loss in the early 21st century. However, two recent studies based on time series of SRTM and ASTER digital elevation models (DEMs) indicate a slowdown in mass loss after 2000. Here, the ASTER-based geodetic mass balance is recalculated, carefully avoiding the use of the SRTM DEM because of the unknown penetration depth of the C-Band radar signal. We find strongly negative mass balances from 2000 to 2016 (−0.68 ± 0.15 m w.e. a-1 for JIF and −0.83 ± 0.12 m w.e. a-1 for SIF), in agreement with laser altimetry, confirming that mass losses are continuing at unabated rates for both icefields. The SRTM DEM should be avoided or used very cautiously to estimate glacier volume change, especially in the North Hemisphere and over timescales of less than ~ 20 yrs.
Transport disadvantage, social exclusion, and subjective well-being: The role of the neighborhood environment—evidence from Sydney, Australia
Authors: Ma Liang , Kent Jennifer , Mulley Corinne
Published: January 2018

This study explores the effects of the neighborhood environment on transport disadvantage, social exclusion, personal health and subjective wellbeing (SWB) using survey data collected in Sydney, Australia. The data is analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM). Overall, our model supports the hypothesis that a walkable neighborhood environment helps to reduce transport disadvantage and increase social inclusion. Neighborhood density has negative effects on both physical and mental health, but a positive effect on SWB. Further, a cohesive neighborhood environment is associated with less transport disadvantage, more engagement in political and civic activities, more social help, better mental health and higher SWB. By contrast, perception of crime in a neighborhood is associated with more transport disadvantage and worse physical health. Neighborhood aesthetics and the neighborhood social environment have stronger effects on SWB than other neighborhood environment characteristics.
The Role of Monitoring and Evaluation on Assessing VVOB Rwanda Projects Paradigm in Improving the School Management and Leadership
Authors: Anicet Kibiriga , Aphrodis Ndabananiye
Published: January 2018

In Rwandan School, Head Teachers are confronted with a variety of issues as they provide leadership and management to their schools. This study utilized a mixed methods approach to explore the role of M& E on assessing VVOB Rwanda Projects paradigm in improving the school Management and Leadership in order to deal with those issues. Quantitative methods were coupled with qualitative methods to obtain more complete picture of conventional monitoring and evaluation practices and as validity check to balance deficiencies that were found. Self-Administered Questionnaire was made by two categories of questionnaires such as the one concerning monitoring and evaluation in VVOB Rwanda Programme with challenges encountered. Administered questions to the VVOB staff taken as sample. While the other category was about the extent to which VVOB projects has helped in improving the school management and leadership. The questions of this category are based on eight (8) dimensions of successful leadership (questions that assess HTs) and Training methods that can be used when holding meetings by Sector Education Officers (Questions that assess SEOs). Research findings have shown that VVOB's monitoring and evaluation techniques are conducive to the project success. The study shown that the most challenges found in M&E are inadequate financial resources, fear of evaluation of project implementers thinking that it is the way of judging them and sometimes causing them to have punishment like cutting the project funds. Finally VVOB Rwanda projects have significantly improved the school leadership and management as it was shown by the difference about performance of school leadership dimensions of trained Head teachers and Sector Education officers comparing with those who were not trained. Strategies for improving schools leadership have been stalled as they have been mentioned by Head teacher.
Pentecost in the Churches: Women in the Pentecostal League of Prayer
Authors: Pope-Levison Priscilla
Published: January 2018

This article examines for the first time the magnitude, influence, and ministry of women in the Pentecostal League of Prayer, an organization within the British holiness movement, and by doing so extends exponentially the historiography of female ministry in Britain in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A detailed analysis of two decades of the League's monthly journal, Tongues of Fire, uncovers scores of women engaged in public preaching, biblical exposition, theological teaching, and quasi-pastoral activity through the League's auspices. This preponderance of women's public religious activity in the League stands in contrast to the declining trend in women's preaching in Britain after 1850.
Library self-disruption: The key to surviving and thriving: A library dean and professor dialogue on learning technologies and mutual dependence
Authors: Ryan Susan M. , Grubbs W. Tandy
Published: January 2018

Disruption and change, especially in the area of technology, continue to have a major impact on society. The higher education community is certainly not immune to these trends. In this article, the authors, the library dean and a professor of chemistry at Stetson University, engage in a dialogue on learning technologies and mutual dependence.
Rescoping research through student-librarian collaboration: Lessons from the Fondren Fellows program
Authors: LaFlamme Marcel , Kipphut-Smith Shannon
Published: January 2018

Academic library professionals increasingly see student workers as full coparticipants in the design and delivery of library resources and services. For some librarians, this perspective grows out of a commitment to critical and feminist pedagogy,1 while for others, greater reliance on student workers in the face of flat or contracting budgets has led to the pragmatic realization that the “skills of student workers could be leveraged to advance the library in unexpected and invaluable ways.”2 This article examines how collaboration with students can take librarian-initiated research in new directions, drawing on the experiences of the coauthors (a library staff member and a graduate student) as part of the Fondren Fellows program at Rice University’s Fondren Library.
News from the Field
Authors: Free David
Published: January 2018

University of Oklahoma Libraries release open source Markdown ConverterNominations sought for ACRL Board of DirectorsThree libraries sign GPO preservation steward agreementsCLIR invites Recordings at Risk applications2018 ACRL Immersion ProgramARL selects 2018–19 Leadership Fellows
Sleep Architecture in Night Shift Workers Police Officers with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome
Authors: Verde-Tinoco Selene , Santana-Miranda Rafael , Gutiérrez-Escobar Romel , Haro Reyes , Miranda-Ortiz Joana , Berruga-Fernandez Talia , Jimenez-Correa Ulises , Poblano Adrián
Published: January 2018

Introduction Reduced sleep to increase work hours is common among police officers, when this situation is combined with Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), health consequences are greater, therefore we believe there is a need of research for these alterations. The aim of this study was to measure the changes in sleep architecture (SA) in police officers who currently have Night shift work (NSW) and OSAHS.

METHODS We compared SA in 107 subjects divided in three groups: the first group included police officers with NSW and severe OSAHS (n = 48); the second group were non-police officers with diurnal work time and severe OSAHS (n = 48) and the third group was formed by healthy controls (n = 11). Polysomnography (PSG) variables and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) scores were compared.

Results SA was more disrupted in the group of police officers with NSW and OSAHS than in patients with OSAHS only and in the control group. Police officers with NSW and OSAHS presented an increased number of electroencephalographic activations, apnea/hypopnea index, and sleep latency, and showed lower scores of oxygen saturation, and in the ESS. Multivariate analysis revealed significant influence of age and Body mass index (BMI).

Conclusions Data suggested with caution an additive detrimental effect of NSW and OSAHS in SA and ESS of police officers. However age and BMI must be also taken into account in future studies.