bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prinsip Good Governance Dalam Pembagian Kewenangan Terhadap Pemerintahan Daerah
Authors: Alyas Anggun Putri
Published: July 2022

Good governance adalah suatu bentuk manajemen pembangunan, yang juga disebut disebut sebagai administrasi pembangunan. Pada umumnya mengatikan good governance dengan pemerintahan yang bersih, atau clean governmant. Disini governance sangat menjadipoin penting dalam meningkatkan tata pemerintahan yang baik disuatu daerah. Transparansi juga memiliki keterkaitan dengan akuntabilitas publik. Untuk menciptakan good governance yang salah satunya ditunjukkan dengan sistem pelayanan birokrasi pemerintah yang akuntabel, kesadaran diantara para pegawai pemerintah mengenai pentingnya merubah citra pelayananpublik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat studi pustaka (library research)dengan menggunakan sumber data berupa artikel-artikel jurnal ilmiah. Pada penelitian inirangkaian kegiatannya berkenanaan dengan pengumpulan data pustaka,membaca danmencatat,lalu mengolah informasi yang sesuai dan diperlukan untuk menjawab rumusanmasalah yang akan dipecahkan. Dalam memahami makna konsep pemerintahan daerah perludicermati 3 (tiga) hal penting berkaitan dengan lingkup istilah pemerintahan daerah,yaitu:pertama berkaitan dengan dimensi pengertian, kedua berkaitan dengan bentuk pemerintahandaerah dan ketiga berkenaan lingkungan yang berpengaruh terhadap pemerintahdaerah.Dapatdikatakan bahwa konsep pemerintahan daerah di dalamnya melingkupi organisasi/lembaga/institusi,fungsi/kegiatan pemerintahan dan daerah pemerintahan.
Implementasi asas-asas umum pemerintahan yang baik dan fungsi pemerintahan dalam pelayanan publik
Authors: Sari Hikma Dian
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the implementation of general principles of good governance and the function of government in public services. The general principles of good governance can be understood as general principles that form the basis and procedures for the administration of good governance, thus governance will run well, politely, fairly and with dignity, free from injustice, violation of regulations, and acts of abuse. Authority and arbitrary action. With the AAUPB, it is hoped that the government as a public service provider can accept AAUPB as a legal norm that must be used as the basis for public service providers in carrying out their authority. There are two government functions, namely; first,the main function and second,the regulatory function
Administrasi pendidikan
Authors: syahputri Dea
Published: July 2022

Pendidikan yang dilaksanakan sebagai upaya komprehensif dan sistematis, akan memaksimalkan lingkungan belajar serta proses pendidikan agar peserta didik berperan aktif dalam mengembangkan potensi pada dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan spiritual, kecerdasan, kepribadian, dan pengembangan diri. Untuk berpartisipasi dalam tujuan dan motivasi pendidikan diperlukan administrasi pendidikan untuk mendukungnya. Administrasi pendidikan menjadi faktor penting yang diperhatikan di dalam menyelenggarakan pendidikan, sebab seluruh komponen yang ada dalam suatu pendidikan saling berkaitan antara satu dengan yang lainnya dan administrasi pendidikan akan memandu, mengkoordinasi setiap susunan bagian sehingga menjadi suatu kesatuan. Setiap pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan diharapkan untuk mengerti tentang betapa pentingnya administrasi pendidikan serta mengaplikasikannya di dalam tugas dan pekerjaan.
All models are wrong, and some are religious: Supernatural explanations as abstract and useful falsehoods about complex realities
Authors: Lightner Aaron , Hagen Edward H
Published: July 2022

Many cognitive and evolutionary theories of religion argue that supernatural explanations are byproducts of our cognitive adaptations. An influential argument states that our supernatural explanations result from a tendency to generate anthropomorphic explanations, and that this tendency is a byproduct of an error management strategy because agents tend to be associated with especially high fitness costs. We propose instead that anthropomorphic and other supernatural explanations result as features of a broader toolkit of well-designed cognitive adaptations, which are designed for explaining the abstract and causal structure of complex, unobservable, and uncertain phenomena that have substantial impacts on fitness. Specifically, we argue that (1) mental representations about the abstract vs. the supernatural are largely overlapping, if not identical, and (2) when the data-generating processes for scarce and ambiguous observations are complex and opaque, a naive observer can improve a bias-variance tradeoff by starting with a simple, underspecified explanation that Western observers readily interpret as "supernatural." We then argue that (3) in many cases, knowledge specialists across cultures offer pragmatic services that involve apparently supernatural explanations, and their clients are frequently willing to pay them in a market for useful and effective services. We propose that at least some ethnographic descriptions of religion might actually reflect ordinary and adaptive responses to novel problems such as illnesses and natural disasters, where knowledge specialists possess and apply the best available explanations about phenomena that would otherwise be completely mysterious and unpredictable.
Ethical and Legal Guidance for Mental Health Practitioners Who Wish to Conduct Research in a Private Practice Setting
Authors: Persons Jacqueline
Published: July 2022

Mental health practitioners, even when they have research training, rarely contribute to the scientific literature. One reason for this may be that they need help addressing the ethical and legal issues they encounter as they contemplate undertaking research in a clinical practice setting. To address that need, we offer several types of guidance for conducting research in a private practice setting in a way that meets high ethical and legal standards. We describe the situations in which ethical review of a research proposal by a federally registered institutional review board (IRB) is legally required, and identify alternate mechanisms that practitioners can use to obtain an ethical review when a formal IRB review is not required by law. We discuss legal and ethical requirements of conducting single case studies in a practice setting. We provide a rationale for, and free and inexpensive options for obtaining a formal certificate of training in human subjects research. And we offer guidance for obtaining informed consent and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) authorization from research participants. We conclude with a brief discussion of other legal and professional issues to consider when conducting research in private practice.
Behavioral economic and value-based decision-making constructs that discriminate current heavy drinkers versus people who reduced their drinking without treatment
Authors: Copeland Amber , Stafford Tom , Acuff Samuel , Murphy James , Field Matt
Published: July 2022

Objective: A substantial number of people reduce their consumption of alcohol in the absence of formal treatment; however, less is known about the mechanisms of change. The aim of this study is to explore whether constructs derived from behavioral economics and computational decision-modeling characterize the moderation of alcohol consumption that many heavy drinkers experience without treatment. Method: Case-control, pre-registered design. People who reside in the United Kingdom and who drink heavily (n = 60) or used to drink heavily but now consume alcohol in moderation (n = 60) were recruited. Participants completed self-report behavioral economic measures (alcohol demand and alcohol-related and alcohol-free reinforcement), and a two-alternative forced choice task in which they chose between two alcoholic (in one block) or two soft-drink images (in a different block). A drift-diffusion model was fitted to responses from this task to yield the underlying parameters of value-based choice. Results: Compared to heavy drinkers, moderated drinkers had significantly lower alcohol demand (Omax, p = .03, Cohen’s d = .36; elasticity, p = .03, rank-biserial correlation (rrb) = .21) and higher proportionate alcohol-free reinforcement (p < .001, Cohen’s d = .75). However, contrary to hypotheses, there were no robust between-group differences in VBDM parameters. Conclusions: Self-report behavioral economic measures demonstrate that alcohol moderation without treatment is characterized by lowered alcohol demand, and greater behavioral allocation to alcohol-free reinforcement, in line with behavioral economic theory. However, a computerized VBDM measure yielded inconclusive findings.
Three Steps to Open Science for Qualitative Research in Psychology
Authors: Branney Peter , Brooks Joanna , Kilby Laura , Newman Kristina L , Norris Emma , Pownall Madeleine , Talbot Catherine V. , Treharne Gareth J. , Whitaker Candice
Published: July 2022

Principles and applications of open science (also referred to as open research or open scholarship) in psychology have emerged in response to growing concerns about the replicability, transparency, reproducibility, and robustness of psychological research alongside global moves to open science in many fields. Our objective in this paper is to inform ways of collectively constructing open science practices and systems that are appropriate to, and get the best out of, the full range of qualitative and mixed-method approaches used in psychology. We achieve this by describing three areas of open research practice (contributorship, pre-registration, and open data) and explore how and why qualitative researchers might consider engaging with these in ways that are compatible with a qualitative research paradigm. We argue it is crucial that open research practices do not (even inadvertently) exclude qualitative research, and that qualitative researchers reflect on how we can meaningfully engage with open science in psychology.
A theory of momentary distress tolerance: Toward understanding contextually-situated choices to engage with or avoid distress
Authors: Veilleux Jennifer
Published: July 2022

As a transdiagnostic vulnerability factor, low distress tolerance predicts a wide variety of psychopathology. The current paper extends past research, which has typically adopted an individual differences approach, by articulating a social-cognitive theory of momentary distress tolerance. This new model intentionally separates actions taken to remain engaged with distress (i.e., tolerance) from avoidance/escape actions associated with intolerance. Willingness to experience distress and self-efficacy for tolerating distress are highlighted as core components of tolerance/intolerance processes, influenced by distress intensity and momentary psychological resources (e.g., hunger, tiredness, degree of life stressors, social support). Finally, the model also explains how repeated experiences of distress tolerance and/or intolerance coalesce into a global self-perception indicative of individual differences in distress tolerance. Reasons why the proposed model has the potential to overcome current challenges in distress tolerance research are reviewed, and future directions for both research and clinical practice are highlighted.
Investigating and acquiring motor expertise using virtual reality
Authors: Mangalam Madhur , Yarossi Matthew , Furmanek Mariusz P. , Krakauer John W. , Tunik Eugene
Published: July 2022

After just months of simulated training, on January 19, 2019, a 23-year-old E-sports pro-gamer, Enzo Bonito, took to the racetrack and beat Lucas di Grassi, a Formula E and ex-Formula 1 driver with decades of real-world racing experience. This event raised the possibility that practicing in virtual reality can be surprisingly effective for acquiring motor expertise in real-world tasks. Here, we evaluate the potential of virtual reality to serve both as a space for training to expert levels in highly complex real-world tasks in compressed time windows at much lower financial cost without the hazards of the real world and as an experimental platform for exploring the science of expertise more generally.
The inutility of studying fictional-coin giving for understanding the relationship between attachment and prosocial development
Authors: IJzerman Hans , Denissen Jaap J. A.
Published: July 2022

Liu, Wang, and Van Lange (2022) have published a study that “replicated earlier findings that prosociality was associated with a greater level of secure attachment and a lower level of avoidant attachment” and that “prosociality was positively related to the number of siblings, especially sisters, as discovered by Study 3 of the original study”. These earlier findings refer to a study by Van Lange et al. (1997, which we have tried (but failed) to replicate in an earlier publication (IJzerman & Denissen, 2018). In a new paper, Liu et al. (2022) replicated the design another time, using an even larger sample (total N ranging from 3,789 - 4,090), and found a significant effect for the fictional coin-giving correlation with attachment security, with effect sizes ranging from r = .03 to r = .07. However, given measurement problems that Liu et al. (2022) reported in combination with these small effect sizes, we think that it is misleading to use such effect sizes to support the proposed theoretical models, as a correlation of .07 translates into half a percent of explained variance. We conclude that the fictional coin-giving measure is not the right paradigm to understand the developmental origins of prosociality.
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL DALAM BERMASYARAKAAT DI DESA MALI-MALI ( MATAPURA)
Authors: Nursahid  , Astuti Endang
Published: July 2022

Manusia merupakan sebuah makhluk hidup yang diciptakan untuk bisa memberi manfaat bagi manusia yang lain yang di mana sebab sejarah Humanis Manusia adalah makhluk sosial yang sejak manusia dilahirkan dan menetap di dunia secara otomatis manusia mempunyai dua kebutuhan yaitu primer yaitu hasrat untuk bisa menyatu lingkungan masyarakat dan kebutuhan untuk menunggal dengan lingkungan alam sekitarnya.
FAKTOR- FAKTOR PENYEBAB STRES PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEPERAWATAN UNIVERSITAS RIAU DALAM MENJALANI PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH AKIBAT COVID-19
Authors: Wahyuni Wahyuni , Elita Veny , Dewi Wan Nishfa
Published: July 2022

Stres adalah kondisi yang tidak menyenangkan dimana manusia melihat adanya tuntutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab stres pada mahasiswa Fakultas keperawatan   dalam menjalani pembelajaran jarak jauh akibat covid-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Keperawatan pada bulan Agustus 2020 menggunakan desain korelasi cross sectional dengan total 522 sampel, alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Depression Anxiety stress scales (DASS) untuk variabel tingkat stres dan kuesioner yang didesain sendiri oleh peneliti sesuai literature dan jurnal. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa penyebab tingkat stres pada mahasiswa Fakultas Keperawatan   dalam menjalani pembelajaran jarak jauh akibat covid-19 adalah tugas pembelajaran 66,3% (p = 0,000). Faktor- faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan tingkat stres mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh akibat covid-19 adalah koneksi internet 56,7 % (p-value = 0,187) dan kuota internet 75,9% (p-value = 0,152). Hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa mahasiswa mengalami stres sedang (37,7%), stres ringan (13,9%), stres berat (19,9%) dan stres sangat berat (31,5%) dikaitkan dengan pembelajaran berat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa faktor penyebab stres pada mahasiswa Fakultas Keperawatan  adalah  tugas pembelajaran
Post-COVID Library: Educating Children to Media and Information Literacy through UNESCO’s Memory of the World Programme
Authors: Zhang Ruohan , Moreau Linh Anh
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely disrupted children's education in schools, and reflects the urgent demands of children and their educators for diverse learning channels and materials. Memory institutions such as libraries, archives and museums, as repositories of reliable sources of information and knowledge service provider, have a responsibility to contribute to the cultural and media literacy education of children. Therefore, memory institutions should explore innovative ways to safeguard and utilize documentary collections in media and information literacy education for people and especially children, and share and promote good practices. These efforts will also inspire younger generations to participate in the preservation and transmission of historical records.
We’re all in this together: Post COVID-19 Opportunities for International Library Cooperation
Authors: Hickok John
Published: July 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic of 2020-2022 brought worldwide disruption and suffering. It also made us realize “We’re all in this together”- among all humanity, internationally— as the virus so easily crossed borders worldwide. Amid this global tragedy, examples of international cooperation also arose: distribution of vaccines, coordination of travel safety protocols, cooperation in humanitarian aid, etc. In this same spirit of international cooperation, libraries can consider opportunities for international library cooperation. These include international library associations and conferences, sister-library programs, collaborative partnering, and cross-cultural outreach efforts. This article will highlight these opportunities, noting how such cooperation brings us closer—not only as library professionals, but among all humanity.
People's transformation through community library: a brief study of READ philosophy
Authors: Pokhrel Murari Binod
Published: July 2022

The article aims to briefly highlight how, where and what situation led to the establishment of Rural Education And Development (READ) in Nepal. It also slightly explains how the request 'if you can establish a community library in my village' told by a common person has touched the inner heart of the person, who has educational research background herself. The article states about READ model a bit: Community involvement from planning, infrastructure management, rules and regulations formation, develop sustainable projects for daily management of the library. It states that the library is for the community, by the community, within the community. READ model has a vision, mission and strategy, so as all READ supported libraries. So far all READ supported libraries are managed on their own. It is because, all political parties, community people from children to elderly ones', local authority and all stakeholders within the community feels 'it is ours'. Thus, it seems that the future of READ libraries are driven in the right direction.
Comparing ICT components in MLISc. curriculum of TU with SAARC Universities
Authors: Nyoupane Bhabana , Nyaichyai Lila
Published: July 2022

The study, entitled "Comparing ICT components in MLISc. curriculum of TU with SAARC Universities," has an objective to identify the differences and similarities of MLISc., TU courses in entailing ICT contents. To obtain this objective, this study compares the ICT content of the MLISc. curriculum of TU with five universities from India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh, one from each country. Those universities were selected with reference to the higher rank recommended by website Unirank 2021. The sources of data were interpreted categorically based on syllabus content. As the result, the comparison clarified that the MLISc. curriculum of TU has incorporated similar standards of those selected universities, where fundamentals of ICT, data communication and networking, programming language, library management software, web designing, multimedia, and information retrieval courses are incorporated. In MLISc., TU courses, the content related to library management software are relatively less. However, to address the gap, Central Department of Library and Information Science, (CDLIS) TU has included a practical class on Koha, LIS from 2019. More up-to-date, comprehensive package of library automation and digitization services, from operations to system design, is the most demanding from LIS graduates, practical-based courses incorporated into LIS education would be preferable for increasing the effectiveness of ICT in LIS management.
Remote Access Facilities in Tribhuvan University Central Library of Nepal
Authors: Sharma Bijaya
Published: July 2022

After the COVID-19 pandemic, Tribhuvan University Central Library (TUCL) has implemented Remote Access Services to provide more effective e-resources services for its users. It has subscribed to Pro Quest database with RemoteXs software. This software is a single portal access system which makes resources available from anywhere, anytime and twenty-four-seven. Through this portal, TUCL has been providing subscribers’ e-resource as well as other free and open access e-resources to all members of TU. The core concern of this paper is to perform a descriptive analysis of the status of the readers of TU who have connected to this software. Necessary information and data required for this study have been collected and analyzed from the records available in the TUCL RemoteXs software. RemoteXs allows a maximum of 30,000 users per year to subscribe to the software but so far only 7501 users of TU constituent unit have connected to it. Data presentation is based on the subscribers of different categories of users like faculty member, students, research scholars and staffs registered from constituent units of Tribhuvan University. This study finds that Tribhuvan University has provided e-resources service with remote access system free of cost for the users of TU constituent campuses and departments but it has not been used as expected.
Linguistic Demography of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Negi Harvinder Kumar
Published: July 2022

Himachal Pradesh is characterized by high ethno-linguistic heterogeneity and small language communities that face risk of disappearing due to changes in demography, lack of documentation and institutional policies (Negi, 2016). This article verifies the language varieties in Himachal Pradesh along with domains of use, institutional policies and the vitality of languages, relying on previous studies by Devy & Tobdan (2016), Negi (2012;16), Tobdan (2018), and field study conducted between 2017 and 2019 to corroborate the varieties.
Phonemic Inventory in Lungkhim
Authors: Rai Tara Mani
Published: July 2022

This article attempts to explore the phonemes embedded to the Lungkhim. There are altogether 29 phonemes in Lungkhim. Of them, there are 6 vowels and 23 consonants. Consonants show four-way contrasts or oppositions: place of articulation, manner of articulation, voicing and aspiration.
Presidential Address
Authors: Regmi Bhim Narayan
Published: July 2022

This presidential address raises issues in language policy of Nepal regarding multiple official languages in the government business. Implementation of this policy requires language of record and a group of government staff to work on different languages. By creating jobs for hundreds of linguists, this solution addresses the university officials' concern about decreasing number of students in linguistics.
Dry Eyes Disease. A review
Authors: Zemanová Markéta
Published: July 2022

This article provides a comprehensive view of the issue of dry eye. It emphasizes provisions of the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society, discusses the new classification and definition of dry eye based on its pathophysiology, and emphasizes the correct diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, which appears in the form of algorithms.Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and accompanied by ocular symptoms, in which tear film instability and hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation and damage, and neurosensory abnormalities play etiological roles.

Dry eye disease is a dynamic and complex disease of the ocular surface and ocular adnexa with known risk factors. It is a disease with a cyclical character, in which the most important step is to find the etiological trigger, to restore homeostasis and break the vicious circle. The key elements in the diagnosis are increased osmolarity of the tear film and inflammation of the ocular surface, which are accompanied by ocular symptoms (discomfort, visual disturbance). Inflammation is not always associated with hyperemia and can be confirmed by several techniques and methods. However, in current clinical practice, there is still no "gold standard" and sufficient tests to diagnose inflammation of the ocular surface. The treatment of dry eye disease must be individualized, dynamic and optimized for each stage of the disease.
Diagnostics of Optic Disc Drusen in Children with Swept Source OCT Imaging
Authors: Danišová Jana , Fric Evžen
Published: July 2022

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study is to compare two methods of optic disc drusen imaging in pediatric patients – new swept source OCT technology with the B-scan ultrasonography, which has been assumed to be a gold standard in diagnosing optic disc drusen, and to compare pRNFL thickness in children with optic disc drusen and control group.

Methods: 14 eyes of 8 pediatric patients in whom optic disc drusen were confirmed by either B-scan ultrasonography, or swept-source OCT, were included in the study. We compared the sensitivity of these two imaging methods. Then we compared an average pRNFL thickness and pRNFL thickness in all four quadrants of our study group with the control group. Two statistical methods were used in data analysis – Mann-Whitney a Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results: The difference between SS-OCT and B-scan ultrasonography was not statistically significant in diagnosing optic disc drusen.
Average pRNFL thickness was 135.29 ± SD 31.2 μm in eyes with optic disc drusen, which is 24.15 % higher than in control group (p = 0.00214; p = 0.00207).
pRNFL thickness of temporal (p = 0.0001; p = 0.0001), superior (p = 0.03486; p = 0.03361) and inferior (p = 0.00652; p = 0.00627) quadrant was statistically significantly higher in comparison with healthy controls, whereas the difference of pRNFL thickness in nasal quadrant was not statistically significant between the study and control group (p = 0.09692; p = 0.0947).

Conclusion: Swept source OCT is a promising new "gold standard" in optic disc drusen diagnostics in pediatric patients. An increase in pRNFL thickness values does not always confirm papilloedema as optic disc drusen may be the cause. Direct visualisation of optic disc drusen by swept source OCT can aid in differentiation from true papilloedema.
Bilateral Eye Injury with Bilateral Blowout Fracture Caused by High-pressure Water Jet in 16-year-old Female Firefighter. Case Report
Authors: Štěpánková Jana , Cendelín Jiří , Arendáč Jakub , Mixová Dana , Šimsová Magdalena , Hubáček Milan , Dotřelová Dagmar , Hložánek Martin
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The aim is a report of a case of bilateral eye injury with bilateral blowout fracture caused by a high-pressure water jet from a fire hose in 16-years old girl during a competition for young fire fighters.

Methods: We present a case report of a 16-years old female patient presenting with bilateral extensive eyelid contusion, oedema and lacerations of upper eyelids, lacerations of bulbar conjunctiva, contusion of both eyes, left optic nerve and bilateral blow out fractures of orbits.

Results: The initial ocular examination revealed "hand motion" in the right eye and no sensation of light on the left eye. Intraocular pressure was low on both eyes. Motility of both eyes was reduced, especially on the left eye. Lacerations of eyelids and conjunctiva required surgical approach. No repair of the upper canaliculus of the left eye was attempted. Paralytic mydriasis and loss of lens accommodation in both eyes did not change throughout follow- up period. Surgical approach required left blowout fracture, ocular motility of the right eye improved spontaneously. Traumatic cataract developed on the left eye within 1 year after injury and required cataract surgery and posterior capsule lens implantation, the right lens remain clear. A massive scaring of retina and choroid in inferior parts of eyes and in a macula reduced the best-corrected visual acuity on the right eye to 0.15 and on the left eye to 0.08. Intraocular pressure is within normal limits without any glaucoma therapy. Follow up period is three years.

Conclusion: This is the first reported case of child with eye injury caused by a high-pressure water jet and during a sport activity.
Uveal Melanoma In A 15-Year-Old Girl. Case Report
Authors: Žajdlíková Barbora , Šach Josef , Ježová Marta , Vysloužilová Daniela , Glezgová Johana , Diblík Pavel , Heissigerová Jarmila , Lazarčíková Veronika , Krejčířová Inka , Autrata Rudolf , Autrata Daniel
Published: July 2022

Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumour in adults, it is a form of cancer that affects mostly older adults, as the average age at detection of this tumour is 60 years, but it can occur in any age group with no significant gender difference. However, uveal melanoma is very rare in children compared to the adult population, accounting for 1 % of all cases. In pediatric patients, malignant uveal melanoma is more frequently manifested during puberty, leading to speculation of an association between uveal melanoma and growth hormone levels. Prognostic factors for uveal melanoma include tumour histology, chromosomal abnormalities, tumour size, extrascleral spread and tumour location. Risk factors for uveal melanoma include melanocytosis, neurofibromatosis type 1 and dysplastic naevus syndrome. Some studies point to a significantly lower risk of developing metastases in younger patients, but the prognosis of uveal melanoma in children is not yet fully known. Clinical signs and treatment options for malignant uveal melanoma in children are still under discussion. Differential diagnosis of uveal lesions in children can sometimes be very difficult, as evidenced by following case report in which authors describe a case of choroidal melanoma in a 15-year-old girl.
Cyclocryocoagulation In Secondary Neovascular Glaucoma And Our Results
Authors: Tarková Anna , Hejsek Libor , Jirásková Naďa , Studnička Jan
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the use of cyclocryocoagulation (CCC) in secondary neovascular glaucomas performed at the Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Hradec Králové in the years 2016–2019.

Material and methods: In a retrospective study, 30 procedures of 26 eyes of 24 patients were evaluated. All patients underwent CCC surgery. The main entry criteria were the presence of secondary neovascular glaucoma in diabetes or on the basis of occlusion of the retinal artery or vein and subsequent dispensarization of the patient in the 1st and 6th month after the operation. The parameters evaluated were: the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure value (IOP), data of pain and change in the number of active substances of antiglaucoma therapy.

Results: The mean age of patients at the time of the procedure was 62 years (range 22–85 years). The average number of procedures per eye was 1.15 out of a total of 30 procedures, 26 eyes were performed on 24 patients. The most common indication for CCC in secondary glaucoma-vascular complications in diabetes were in 21 procedures, vascular complications – after occlusion of the retinal vein or artery were in 9 cases. Two patients had both eyes operated on within one year. Three patients underwent two procedures on the same eye during the study period. One of them had two procedures on both eyes. The average value of the number of active substances of antiglaucoma drugs decreased from 3.10 to 2.87 after the 1st month (p = 0.318) and after 6 months it was 2.6 (p<0.05). The average IOP value decreased from 34.67 mmHg to 18.43 mmHg after the 1st month (p < 0.05) and after 6 months to 17.90 mmHg (p<0.05). The mean value of BCVA increased from 0.135 to 0.138 after the 1st month (p = 0.444) and after 6 months it decreased to 0.096 (p = 0.170). One month from the procedure, the average value of pain remained the same as the pre-surgery average value of the pain. No patients reported pain 6 months after the procedure.

Conclusion: Our results correspond to the results of large clinical studies. We showed a statistically significant difference in the reduction of the number of active substances of antiglaucoma drugs and the reduction of intraocular pressure after 6 months after the procedure. All patients stopped reporting pain after the procedure.
Visual Field Assessment in Hypertension Glaucoma
Authors: Lešták Ján , Fůs Martin
Published: July 2022

Aims: The aim of the work is to verify the necessity of full-field perimetry test in incipient glaucoma.

Material and methods: The study included group of 16 incipient hypertension glaucoma (HTG group) patients without obvious changes in visual field and control group of 10 patients with normal ocular findings and value 1.0 of visual acuity. In both groups, full-field perimetry test was performed followed by a glaucoma perimetry test (rapid threshold strategy in both cases). Evaluated parameters were pattern defect (PD) and overall defect (OD) using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results: Strong correlation coefficient between PD (r = 0.74) and OD (r = 0.63) of both perimetry test were found in HTG group. Moderate correlation of PD (r = 0.54) and strong correlation of OD (r = 0.64) in control group.

Conclusion: Results of the study shows, that expected changes of peripheral visual field will be recorded first in HTG group, but opposite is true. Perimetry glaucoma test is for incipient glaucoma sufficient to document the course and the examination of glaucoma disease.
Early predictors of unfavourable outcome in progressive cholestasis of northwestern Quebec
Authors: Khendek Léticia , Diaz Candice , Drouin Eric , Lallier Michel , Alvarez Fernando , Paganelli Massimiliano
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Progressive cholestasis of northwestern Quebec (PCNQ) is a rare and severe form of cirrhosis affecting children from Quebec’s First Nations. First described by our group in 1981 and historically named North American Indian childhood cirrhosis, such a condition often requires liver transplantation during the pediatric age. This study aimed at suggesting a more culturally sensitive name for the disease and identifying early prognostic factors for an unfavourable outcome. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data of all 14 consecutive patients diagnosed with PCNQ over the last 20 years and compared children listed for liver transplant before 18 years of age (LT, n = 7) to those with milder disease progression (no-LT, n = 7). RESULTS: Compared with the no-LT group, LT children developed serious complications with an unusually high incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding. Over the first 12 months from presentation, a greater increase of alanine aminotransferase plasma levels, decrease of total bilirubin, and increase of alanine aminotransferase-to-total bilirubin ratio was observed in the LT group. Bone mineral density was lower in LT children independently of vitamin D levels. Patients with PCNQ showed poorer bone health than age-matched children with other cholestatic disorders. CONCLUSIONS: In the name of cultural sensitivity, PCNQ should be the preferred name for this condition. Variation of alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin plasma levels over the first 12 months from presentation might be used for the early identification of children with PCNQ who are at higher risk of unfavourable outcomes. This might help optimize clinical management to populations that are underserved by health care services.
On “The Edge of the Sea”: Climate Breakdown and Psychoanalysis
Authors: Trapp Erin
Published: July 2022

This article connects Rachel Carson’s idea of what “seem[s] unchanged” to a specific point in psychoanalysis’s narrative of loss, where the tension between letting go of an object that is external (mourning) and the incorporation of the lost object (melancholia) persists to such an extent that the indeterminacy of the internal/external object becomes the matter at hand for interpretation. This indeterminacy is experienced in and as unconscious phylogenetic phantasy, which I locate in Carson’s figure of change at the “edge of the sea.” This article attempts to bring the realm of unconscious phantasy directly to bear on ideas of the environment, using Harold Searles’s ideas of the nonhuman environment and phylogenetic regression to explore the idea of the psychical significance of the environment. It then extends these ideas about the significance of the nonhuman environment to thinking about change and reality in the clinical psychoanalytic space in the writing of Betty Joseph and Hans Loewald.
Obtaining of native microbial antigens with anti-adhesive properties
Authors: Kalinichenko S. , Torianyk I. , Melentyeva K.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. Traditional methods of sanitation of bacterial carriers of nosocomial infections of staphylococcal genesis using antibacterial drugs are ineffective and lead to the formation of antibiotic resistance in strains of microorganisms. Currently, when developing new classes of immunobiological drugs, it is recommended to use pathogen-associated molecular structures (PAMS) of bacteria that block surface epitopes and trigger the mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity. The aim of the work was to obtain native surface antigens of Staphylococcus aureus using physical factors. Quantification of protein content in the obtained antigen preparations was performed using spectrophotometry according to the method of O. H. Lowry et al. (1951). The content of teichoic acids was determined according to the method of A. R. Archibald (2012). Adhesive properties were studied according to the method of V. I. Brilis et al. (1986). Each sample was tested in three to four replicates. Data were statistically processed using Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA) or Excel 2003, 2010 (Microsoft, USA). S. aureus surface antigens (Ag) were obtained as follows: a test culture of S. aureus ATСС 25923 was pre-irradiated with 61.0 GHz millimeter frequency range waves for eight hours, and then sonicated with a GZ-109 (60 kHz) or UZIN-2T (44 kHz) instrument and the protein and teichoic acid contents were measured. It was found that pretreatment of suspension S. aureus ATСС 25923 by 61.0 GHz millimeter frequency range waves increased the protein content in the samples by 1.5-1.9 times (p<0.01). Lipoteichoic acid content exceeded ribiteichoic acid content, on average, by 16.7 times (p<0.001) in samples obtained with the UZIN device and by 28.5 times (p<0.001) in samples obtained with the G3-10 device. All of the antigenic (Ag) samples obtained had anti-adhesive activity against S. aureus ATСС 25923, with the Ag5 sample (obtained using the GZ-109 instrument) exhibiting a more pronounced anti-adhesive activity. The use of physical factors will contribute to the standardization of the process of obtaining surface native structures and reduce the toxicity and reactogenicity of immunobiological preparations.
Rationale for the use of TAP block technique for perioperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Maslii V. A. , Gomom M. L. , Goncharuk J. S. , Maslii V. P. , Vyhoniuk A. V.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. Acute postoperative pain is still a common unresolved health-care challenge even in highly developed countries. Insufficient postoperative pain control is associated not only with patients’ sufferings but also with increased incidence of complications (cardiovascular, thromboembolic, infectious, etc.), the development of chronic postoperative pain, delayed ambulation and discharge. Perioperative anesthesia is currently one of the main concerns in abdominal surgery. According to literature data, regional analgesia methods are widely used for anesthesia in perioperative period. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block proved to be a reliable regional technique of postoperative multimodal analgesia for anterior abdominal wall pain. Nowadays, ultrasound-guided TAP block techniques are considered to be a gold standard in many surgeries on anterolateral abdominal wall, producing consistent analgesia and having good safety profile. However, the quality of analgesia provided by TAP blocks under ultrasound guidance is different being influenced by the approach used. The choice between the variants of TAP block technique depends on the targeted region and the duration of nerve blockage. To date, the analgesic effect of anterior lateral abdominal wall blocks during laparoscopic cholecystectomy has not been sufficiently studied. The article provides the review of the latest advances in TAP block techniques as well as its standardized nomenclature, and suggests directions for future research. The aim was to analyze and substantiate the possibility of using regional anesthesia methods of the anterior abdominal wall by implementing the TAP-block type in the perioperative period during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We have analyzed the current information and used the PubMed database. We have also analyzed the advantages of interstitial local anesthetic (TAP block), which primarily provides better control of pain in the anterior abdominal wall, and reduces the need for opiate and non-narcotic analgesics, the prescription of which may cause several side effects. There are many methods of the TAP-block, which to some extent depend on the pain localization in the anterior abdominal wall. For laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the most anatomically and theoretically justified is the oblique subcostal Tap-block. The use of regional techniques in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, namely the TAP-block, strategically fits into the concept of the accelerated recovery ERAS protocol, one of the purposes of which serves adequate control over the post-operative pain and early recovery.
Ectopic pregnancy of cervical localization: modern aspects of treatment
Authors: Lyovkina O. L. , Kosianenko S.M. , Klivak V.V. , Shemeta M. O.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. A review of the scientific literature on the problem of diagnosis and modern methods of treatment of cervical pregnancy is presented. Ectopic pregnancy (ectopic pregnancy) is a condition in which the implantation and development of a fertilized egg takes place outside the uterine cavity and is one of the threatening conditions for life and reproductive health of women. Cases of cervical pregnancy occur with a frequency between 1:8 600 and 1:12 400 cases of the total number of all pregnancies and less than 1% of the number of ectopic pregnancies. Suspicion of a diagnosis of “cervical pregnancy” is an indication for immediate hospitalization of the woman in a gynecological hospital, a thorough examination and selection of treatment, because this pathology can provoke massive bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy. In the practice of obstetrician-gynecologist for a long time there was one method of treatment of this pathology – extirpation of the uterus. To date, there are conservative and surgical treatments, that we will cover in this article. We conducted a systematic review and analysis of relevant literature sources, which have been published in the vast majority over the past 10 years (2012-2022), on modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of cervical pregnancy. The search was conducted in search databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Web of Science. The following search terms were used in the work: “cervical pregnancy”, “ectopic pregnancy”. It was found that the problem of treatment of cervical pregnancy remains relevant today, because there is no clear opinion on the best method of treatment. The decision to use one or another method is left to the attending physician, who must adequately assess the patient's condition, obstetric situation and possible options for prescribing appropriate treatment, the available methods were justified.
Análisis de las comunicaciones en Twitter de las Fuerzas Armadas y Cuerpos de Seguridad: un modelo empírico
Authors: Pina José-Miguel
Published: July 2022

Social networks have become a major communication channel for organizations, including those focused on security and defense. This article specifically examines how the Spanish Armed Forces and State Security Forces communicate on Twitter, with the aim of analyzing the factors that influence engagement with their tweets. A model validated with a sample of 14,540 tweets shows the role that a series of variables related to rational and emotional communication attributes has. These variables are estimated utilizing techniques such as Python and VBA. Subsequently, a logistic model using IBM SSPS estimates the effect of each variable on the probability that a tweet will lead to more or less engagement. The results show that followers of military accounts, such as the Army, tend to have higher rates of interaction than followers of other accounts, even though military accounts have fewer total followers than police accounts. Furthermore, the results confirm the importance of using both rational and emotional stimuli for a message to be effective. To increase engagement, information provided by organizations should use elements such as hyperlinks, emojis, and photographs, and refer to topics that appeal to individuals’ emotions, such as patriotism.

Resumen
Las redes sociales se han convertido en uno de los canales de comunicación más usados por todo tipo de organizaciones, incluyendo las de seguridad y defensa. Concretamente, este trabajo se centra en la utilización de Twitter por parte de las Fuerzas Armadas españolas y los Cuerpos de Seguridad del Estado, tratando de analizar los factores que influyen en el engagement de sus tweets. Para ello, se propone un modelo empírico que, sobre una muestra de 14.540 tweets, permite explicar cuál es el rol de una serie de variables que miden los diferentes atributos de tipo racional y emocional presentes en sus comunicaciones. Estas variables se identifican mediante una combinación de técnicas que incluyen el uso del lenguaje Python y VBA. Posteriormente, con IBM SPSS se procede a la estimación de un modelo logit que muestra el efecto de cada una de las variables consideradas sobre la probabilidad de que un tweet genere mayor o menor engagement. Los resultados muestran que los seguidores de las cuentas de carácter militar, tal como la del Ejército de Tierra, suelen interactuar más que los usuarios del resto de cuentas examinadas, a pesar de que tienen un menor número total de seguidores que las cuentas de los cuerpos policiales. Además, los resultados confirman la importancia tanto de utilizar estímulos racionales como emocionales para que un mensaje sea efectivo. En particular, se recomienda que la información esté sustentada en la utilización de elementos como hipervínculos, emojis, fotografías y alusiones a temas que apelen a las emociones de los individuos como, por ejemplo, el patriotismo.