bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Benefits in Designing and Implementing a Team-Based Research Mentorship Experience in Translational Research
Authors: Young Belinda-Rose , Williamson Heather J. , Burton Donna L. , Massey Oliver Thomas , Levin Bruce Lubotsky , Baldwin Julie A.
Published: August 2015

Background. Translational research seeks to build bridges between research and practice to address public health issues efficiently and effectively. The purpose of this article was to evaluate a newly formed institute that provided graduate students and adolescent behavioral health community professionals with a translational research service-learning opportunity through the creation of a community–university mentoring partnership. Goals of the team-based research mentorship approach included (1) providing students the skills for implementing translational research, (2) providing research opportunities for community agencies to enhance operations and to encourage ongoing research involvement, and (3) developing relationships between university faculty and community agency professionals for further research collaborations. Method. The Institute used the National Institute on Drug Abuse’s Mentoring Mosaic to select a diverse group of community and academic mentors. The research mentorship experience of the initial cohort was evaluated based on the Research Mentorship Conceptual Framework and Self-Assessment Tool. Results. As a direct result of the research mentorship, outcomes for the academic and community mentors and scholars (i.e., those seeking a graduate certificate) included improved working relationships/networking and research experience. Through experiential learning, scholars also discovered career trajectory clarity, the need for community collaboration in research, opportunities for continuing professional development, a greater understanding of public health competencies and how they align with community-based research, and skill development in best practices for translational research. Conclusion. The team mentoring approach is a form of pedagogy that holds promise to enhance translational research and community-based research efforts while developing public health competencies.
Cell of origin of transformed follicular lymphoma
Authors: Kridel Robert , Mottok Anja , Farinha Pedro , Ben-Neriah Susana , Ennishi Daisuke , Zheng Yvonne , Chavez Elizabeth A. , Shulha Hennady P. , Tan King , Chan Fong Chun , Boyle Merrill , Meissner Barbara , Telenius Adele , Sehn Laurie H. , Marra Marco A. , Shah Sohrab P. , Steidl Christian , Connors Joseph M. , Scott David W. , Gascoyne Randy D.
Published: August 2015

Key Points

TFL is most commonly of the germinal center B-cell-like phenotype, but a significant minority of cases is of the ABC phenotype (16%). The absence of BCL2 translocation in FL at diagnosis is associated with transformation into ABC-like large cell lymphoma.
Increased exposure to acute thermal stress is associated with a non-linear increase in recombination frequency and an independent linear decrease in fitness in Drosophila
Authors: Jackson Savannah , Nielsen Dahlia M. , Singh Nadia D.
Published: August 2015

Background

Meiotic recombination rate has long been known to be phenotypically plastic. How plastic recombination evolves and is maintained remains controversial; though a leading model for the evolution of plastic recombination rests on the tenet that organismal fitness and recombination frequency are negatively correlated. Motivated by the mounting evidence that meiotic recombination frequencies increase in response to stress, here we test for a negative correlation between fitness and recombination frequency. Specifically, the fitness-associated recombination model (FAR) predicts that if stress increases meiotic recombination frequency, then increasing exposure to stressful conditions will yield an increasing magnitude of the recombinational response, while concomitantly decreasing fitness.

Results

We use heat shock as a stressor to test this prediction inDrosophila melanogaster. We find that increased exposure to heat shock conditions is associated with a non-linear increase in meiotic recombination frequency. We also find an independent effect of heat shock on organismal fitness, with fitness decreasing with increased duration of thermal stress.

Conclusions

Our results thus support the foundation of the FAR model for the evolution of plastic recombination. Our data also suggest that modulating recombination frequency is one mechanism by which organisms can rapidly respond to environmental cues and confer increased adaptive potential to their offspring.
Improving medication adherence in stroke patients through Short Text Messages (SMS4Stroke)-study protocol for a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Kamal Ayeesha Kamran , Shaikh Quratulain Nauman , Pasha Omrana , Azam Iqbal , Islam Muhammad , Memon Adeel Ali , Rehman Hasan , Affan Muhammad , Nazir Sumaira , Aziz Salman , Jan Muhammad , Andani Anita , Muqeet Abdul , Ahmed Bilal , Khoja Shariq
Published: August 2015

Background

Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in low and middle income countries. Medical management is the mainstay of therapy to prevent recurrence of stroke. Current estimates are that only 1 in 6 patients have perfect adherence to medication schedules. Using SMS (Short Messaging Service) as reminders to take medicines have been used previously for diseases such as diabetes and HIV with moderate success. We aim to explore the effectiveness and acceptability of SMS in increasing adherence to medications in patients with stroke.

Methods

This will be a randomized, controlled, assessor blinded single center superiority trial. Adult participants with access to a cell phone and a history of stroke longer than 1 month on multiple risk modifying medications will be selected from Neurology and Stroke Clinic. They will be randomized into two parallel groups in a 1:1 ratio via block technique with one group receiving the standard of care as per institutional guidelines while the parallel group receiving SMS reminders for each dose of medicine in addition to the standard of care. In addition intervention group will receive messages for lifestyle changes, medication information, risk factors and motivation for medication adherence. These will bemodeled on Social Cognitive Theory and Health Belief Model and will be categorized by Michies Taxonomy of Behavioral Change Communication. Patient compliance to medicines will be measured at baseline and then after 2 months in each group by using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. The change in compliance to medication regimen after the intervention and the difference between the two groups will be used to determine the effectiveness of SMS reminders as a tool to increase medication compliance. The acceptability of the SMS will be determined by a tool designed for this study whose attributes are based Rogers Diffusion of innovation theory.

A sample size of 86 participants in each arm will be sufficient to detect a difference of 1 point on the MMAS with a power of 90 % and significance level of 5 % between the two groups; using an attrition rate of 15 %, 200 participants in all will be randomized.

Discussion

The SMS for Stroke Study will provide evidence for feasibility and effectiveness of SMS in improving post stroke medication adherence in an LMIC setting.

Trial registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01986023 11 /11/2013
YangZheng XiaoJi exerts anti-tumour growth effects by antagonising the effects of HGF and its receptor, cMET, in human lung cancer cells
Authors: Jiang Wen G. , Ye Lin , Ruge Fiona , Owen Sioned , Martin Tracey , Sun Ping-Hui , Sanders Andrew J. , Lane Jane , Satherley Lucy , Weeks Hoi P. , Gao Yong , Wei Cong , Wu Yiling , Mason Malcolm D.
Published: August 2015

Background

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)
is a cytokine that has a profound effect on cancer cells by stimulating migration and invasion and acting as an angiogenic factor. In lung cancer, the factor also plays a pivotal role and is linked to a poor outcome in patients. In particular, HGF is known to work in combination with EGF on lung cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a traditional Chinese medicine reported in cancer therapies, namely YangZheng XiaoJi (YZXJ) on lung cancer and on HGF mediated migration and invasion of lung cancer cells.

Methods

Human lung cancer cells, SKMES1 and A549 were used in the study. An extract from the medicine was used. Cell migration was investigated using the EVOS and by ECIS. Cell–matrix adhesion and in vitro invasion were assessed. In vivo growth of lung cancer was tested using an in vivo xenograft tumour model and activation of the HGF receptor in lung tumours by an immunofluorescence method.

Results

Both lung cancer cells increased their migration in response to HGF and responded to YZXJ by reducing their speed of migration. YZXJ markedly reduced the migration and in vitro invasiveness induced by HGF. It worked synergistically with PHA665752 and SU11274, HGF receptor inhibitors on the lung cancer cells both on HGF receptor activation and on cell functions. A combination of HGF and EGF resulted in a greater increase in cell migration, which was similarly inhibited by YZXJ, and in combination with the HGF receptor and EGF receptor inhibitors. In vivo, YZXJ reduced the rate of tumour growth and potentiated the effects of PHA665752 on tumour growth. It was further revealed that YZXJ significantly reduced the degree of phosphorylation of the HGF receptor in lung tumours.

Conclusion

YZXJ has a significant role in reducing the migration, invasion and in vivo tumour growth of lung cancer and acts to inhibit the migratory and invasive effects induced by HGF and indeed by HGF/EGF. This effect is likely attributed to the inhibition of the HGF receptor activation. These results indicate that YZXJ has a therapeutic role in lung cancer and that combined strategy with methods to block HGF and EGF should be considered.
Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (SK) Channels in the Amygdala Mediate Pain-Inhibiting Effects of Clinically Available Riluzole in a Rat Model of Arthritis Pain
Authors: Thompson Jeremy M. , Ji Guangchen , Neugebauer Volker
Published: August 2015

Background

Arthritis pain is an important healthcare issue with significant emotional and affective consequences. Here we focus on potentially beneficial effects of activating small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels in the amygdala, a brain center of emotions that plays an important role in central pain modulation and processing. SK channels have been reported to regulate neuronal activity in the central amygdala (CeA, output nucleus). We tested the effects of riluzole, a clinically available drug for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, for the following reasons. Actions of riluzole include activation of SK channels. Evidence in the literature suggests that riluzole may have antinociceptive effects through an action in the brain but not the spinal cord. Mechanism and site of action of riluzole remain to be determined. Here we tested the hypothesis that riluzole inhibits pain behaviors by acting on SK channels in the CeA in an arthritis pain model.

Results

Systemic (intraperitoneal) application of riluzole (8 mg/kg) inhibited audible (nocifensive response) and ultrasonic (averse affective response) vocalizations of adult rats with arthritis (5 h postinduction of a kaolincarrageenan monoarthritis in the knee) but did not affect spinal withdrawal thresholds, which is consistent with a supraspinal action. Stereotaxic administration of riluzole into the CeA by microdialysis (1 mM, concentration in the microdialysis fiber, 15 min) also inhibited vocalizations, confirming the CeA as a site of action of riluzole. Stereotaxic administration of a selective SK channel blocker (apamin, 1 μM, concentration in the microdialysis fiber, 15 min) into the CeA had no effect by itself but inhibited the effect of systemic riluzole on vocalizations. Off-site administration of apamin into the basolateral amygdala (BLA) as a placement control or stereotaxic application of a selective blocker of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels (charybdotoxin, 1 μM, concentration in the microdialysis fiber, 15 min) into the CeA did not affect the inhibitory effects of systemically applied riluzole.

Conclusions

The results suggest that riluzole can inhibit supraspinally organized pain behaviors in an arthritis model by activating SK, but not BK, channels in the amygdala (CeA but not BLA).
Role of extracellular RNA-carrying vesicles in cell differentiation and reprogramming
Authors: Quesenberry Peter J. , Aliotta Jason , Deregibus Maria Chiara , Camussi Giovanni
Published: August 2015

Growing evidence suggests that transcriptional regulators and secreted RNA molecules encapsulated within membrane vesicles modify the phenotype of target cells. Membrane vesicles, actively released by cells, represent a mechanism of intercellular communication that is conserved evolutionarily and involves the transfer of molecules able to induce epigenetic changes in recipient cells. Extracellular vesicles, which include exosomes and microvesicles, carry proteins, bioactive lipids, and nucleic acids, which are protected from enzyme degradation. These vesicles can transfer signals capable of altering cell function and/or reprogramming targeted cells. In the present review we focus on the extracellular vesicle-induced epigenetic changes in recipient cells that may lead to phenotypic and functional modifications. The relevance of these phenomena in stem cell biology and tissue repair is discussed.
An immersed free-surface boundary treatment for seismic wave simulation
Authors: Gao Longfei , Brossier Romain , Pajot Benjamin , Tago Josué , Virieux Jean
Published: August 2015

Finite-difference methods are popular for wave simulation within the seismic exploration community, thanks to their efficiency. However, difficulties arise when encountering complex topography due to the regular grid pattern of the finite-difference schemes. Despite alternatives that can handle the free surface with little effort, such as the spectral element or discontinuous Galerkin’s methods, incorporating a free-surface boundary condition within the finite-difference framework is still appealing, even at the cost of extra algorithm complexity and stronger requirement of computational resources. We present a free-surface boundary treatment within the finite-difference framework, belonging to the family of the immersed-boundary methods. Inherently, the presented boundary treatment is separated from the rest of the wave simulation, which makes it easy to be integrated in existing finite-difference codes. Specifically, we construct an extrapolation operator for each grid point above the free surface, if requested by the finite-difference stencil, to estimate its fictitious wavefield value at each time step. These operators are constructed only once and remain unchanged for all the time steps and source locations. The memory requirement of these operators is significant. Fortunately, grouping together multiple simulations concerning different source locations makes it possible to dilute the memory burden to a negligible level. Additionally, applying these operators incurs numerical noise, which may lead to long time instabilities. In such a scenario, additional numerical procedures, for instance, introducing artificial diffusion, are necessary to control the instability and obtain sensible simulation results. Successful applications of the presented boundary treatment to elastic-wave equations on domains with nontrivial topographies, in 2D and 3D, are presented. Robust and efficient numerical techniques to control high-frequency numerical noise remain to be investigated.
Interferometric assessment of clamping quality of borehole geophones
Authors: Vaezi Yoones , Van der Baan Mirko
Published: August 2015

Borehole arrays are often preferred over surface installations for hydraulic-fracture monitoring of deep experiments due to their proximity to the treatment zone. Borehole geophone strings are typically clamped to the observation wellbore wall using electromechanical or magnetic devices in order for them to be in close contact with the surrounding formations and record the background noise and propagating wavefields related to the microseismic experiments. This contact needs to be maintained throughout the recording time. We have used seismic interferometry to assess the clamping quality of borehole geophone arrays. We determined that the characteristics of the retrieved crosscorrelation functions between a reference receiver and other receivers in an array are indicative of the clamping quality of the former geophone to the borehole wall. We have also defined the concept of separation frequency or emergence frequency as the frequency below which direct body waves propagating along the receiver line are clearly observed on the crosscorrelation gathers. The crosscorrelation gathers associated with poorly clamped geophones show predominantly tube waves or incoherent waveforms. Body waves only emerge below very low separation frequencies. The crosscorrelation gathers of relatively better coupled geophones, on the other hand, have higher separation frequencies. We have applied this method to four different borehole microseismic data sets, labeled here as A, B, C, and D, of which data set D was previously known to suffer from some clamping issues. Data sets B and C with inferred better coupling had separation frequencies of approximately 60 Hz, whereas the other two data sets are characterized by lower separation frequencies, 15 Hz for data set A and 20 Hz for data set D, suggesting relatively poorer coupling.
Prospecting for marine gas hydrate resources
Authors: Boswell Ray , Shipp Craig , Reichel Thomas , Shelander Dianna , Saeki Tetsuo , Frye Matthew , Shedd William , Collett Timothy S. , McConnell Daniel R.
Published: August 2015

As gas hydrate energy assessment matures worldwide, emphasis has evolved away from confirmation of the mere presence of gas hydrate to the more complex issue of prospecting for those specific accumulations that are viable resource targets. Gas hydrate exploration now integrates the unique pressure and temperature preconditions for gas hydrate occurrence with those concepts and practices that are the basis for conventional oil and gas exploration. We have aimed to assimilate the lessons learned to date in global gas hydrate exploration to outline a generalized prospecting approach as follows: (1) use existing well and geophysical data to delineate the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), (2) identify and evaluate potential direct indications of hydrate occurrence through evaluation of interval of elevated acoustic velocity and/or seismic events of prospective amplitude and polarity, (3) mitigate geologic risk via regional seismic and stratigraphic facies analysis as well as seismic mapping of amplitude distribution along prospective horizons, and (4) mitigate further prospect risk through assessment of the evidence of gas presence and migration into the GHSZ. Although a wide range of occurrence types might ultimately become viable energy supply options, this approach, which has been tested in only a small number of locations worldwide, has directed prospect evaluation toward those sand-hosted, high-saturation occurrences that were presently considered to have the greatest future commercial potential.
Careers will start to follow the money
Authors: Hartshorne Mary
Published: August 2015

MA Education Ltd, St Jude's Church, Dulwich Road, London, SE24 0PB. neil.henty@markallengroup.com
Loud, physical, active
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: August 2015

In the last of our three-part series we will turn our attention to what it means to be an extroverted child or staff member in an early years environment and what your setting can do to cater for them.
The community appeal
Authors: Jefferies Tina
Published: August 2015

Despite financial and policy pressures, the community and voluntary part of the early years sector is continuing to offer vital play and learning experiences to a wide range of children and their families.
Promoting British values in early years settings
Authors: Gouldsboro Julia
Published: August 2015

Much has been made of the government's announcement that early years settings must now start ‘teaching’ young children British values, but what does this mean and how will it look in practice?
An integrated way of working
Authors: Soar Susan
Published: August 2015

As the new Integrated Review for two-year-olds starts its national roll out, Susan Soar from the Early Childhood Unit at the National Children's Bureau looks at what it means for early years practitioners.
Time for branching out
Authors: Cruickshank Sarah
Published: August 2015

The chances are that somewhere in the vicinity, or even in the grounds, of your setting there will be some trees, but how often have you thought about using them as an open-ended learning resource?
When size is no limit
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: August 2015

This series of articles will explore modelling in the early years setting, using practical ideas to enrich your children's learning across the foundation stage – this month, we work on a more ambitious scale.
A definição de espetáculo em Sófocles: a correlação entre dramaturgia musical e a representação de figuras isoladas
Authors: Mota Marcus
Published: August 2015

Na recepção moderna de suas obras, Sófocles é associado ao primado da personagem sobre o coro. Tal pressuposto de inspiração aristotélica é discutido e revisado a partir da forma como se dá a interação entre as partes faladas e as partes cantadas nos textos restantes de Sófocles.
A concepção de páthos em relatos híbridos na Antiguidade: José e Aseneth e Os Atos de Paulo e Tecla
Authors: Ipiranga Pedro
Published: August 2015

O presente trabalho se dispõe analisar um corpus de obras que apresentam uma configuração híbrida de dois gêneros: o bíos antigo e o romance antigo. De forma operacional, enfocaremos a concepção de páthos que aparece em duas dessas obras: uma judaica, José e Aseneth, e outra cristã, Os Atos de Paulo e Tecla, comparando-a e confrontando-a com a noção de páthos presente num romance grego, por assim dizer, canônico, Quéreas e Calírroe ou simplesmente Calírroe, do escritor do século I d.C. Caríton de Afrodisíade.
Quo Vadis on Film (1912, 1925, 1951, 1985, 2001), The many Faces of Antiquity
Authors: Skwara Ewa
Published: August 2015

The Polish novel Quo vadis by Henryk Sienkiewicz was adapted into film five times. Every adaptation was filmed in special circumstances, accompanied by different political situations and each time for a different, specific audience. The comparison and detailed analysis of all versions will bring to light, how and for what purpose has antiquity been translated onto the silver screen. The paper will focus especially on the three adaptations – the American (1951), the Italian (1985) and the Polish one (2001).
A new record of the seagrass Halophila beccarii Ascherson from the Port Blair coast, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: Savurirajan M. , Lakra Raj Kiran , Ganesh Thiruchitrambalam
Published: August 2015

During a study of the species diversity and distribution of seagrasses from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Halophila beccarii was recorded for the first time. This report updates the list of seagrasses for these islands from nine to ten species. Halophila beccarii was observed in an intertidal area of muddy substratum in Haddo Bay. The occurrence of this species is significant because of its new distributional record and because it is reported as a “vulnerable species” in the IUCN Red List. The morphometric characters, biomass of the species and its habitat are described in Haddo Bay.
Prenatal diagnosis and outcomes of fetal cardiac rhabdomyomas: evaluation of seven cases
Authors: Aydin Emine , Turgal Mert , Nuhoglu Esra , Ozyuncu Ozgur
Published: August 2015

In this case series, we aimed to determine the outcome of prenatally diagnosed fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma. This case series is a retrospective evaluation of seven cases of fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma determined during pregnancy. Only one of these cases has been associated with tuberous sclerosis (TS). Two of the cases had just a single tumor, whereas the others were found to have multiple tumors. Termination was performed to one fetus due to hydrops fetalis. The presence of risk factors of TS in a family and multifocal or large tumors, appears to be the most important factors affecting neonatal outcomes.
Pollen Selection for Drought Tolerance in Sunflower
Authors: Totsky I. V. , Lyakh V. A.
Published: August 2015

The drought resistance and genetic structure of F2 sporophytic populations for some morphological marker traits after pollen selection for water stress tolerance in F1 sunflower hybrids has been studied. The emasculated inflorescences were moistened with 10% and 20% of PEG 6000 solution in the experiments and with distilled water in the control. Freshly collected pollen was used for pollination after drying up the PEG solution on stigmas. F2 resulted seeds were germinated in 20% solution of PEG 6000 for a period of 3 days, and then the percentage of seed germination was counted. Germinated and not germinated seeds were separately planted. Segregation ratios in F2 populations for leaf venation and leaf chlorophyll deficiency marker traits were analyzed at early stage of development. Pollen treatment significantly increased the drought resistance of F2 populations and changed the monogenic ratios for leaf chlorophyll deficiency marker trait.
Endoscope-integrated indocyanine green video-angiography for cerebral aneurysm surgery: a more effective technique
Authors: Sakarunchai Ittichai , Kato Yoko , Yamada Yasuhiro , Tommy Thomas
Published: August 2015

Introduction: Microscope-integrated indocyanine green video-angiography (mICG-VA) is used as an adjunct to aneurysm surgery in checking for small compromised perforating arteries and the remnant of an aneurysmal neck. A limitation of mICG-VA is the inability to access the deep area where small vessels are located behind the aneurysm sac or the parent artery. The endoscope-integrated ICG-VA (eICG-VA) is not only a tool in obtaining a wide angle of surgical view, but also is a technique to detect real-time blood flow during aneurysm clipping.

Methods: Patients with an unruptured cerebral aneurysm who had conventional endoscope-assisted microsurgery and eICG-VA were enrolled. We compared the efficacy and additional details of imaging from both types of procedures.

Results: The data of seven patients were reviewed. In two cases of small perforating arteries that were hidden by the aneurysm sacs, more details were detected by eICG-VA. While the performance of the conventional technique was limited, the eICG-VA revealed a wide view in the deep area during aneurysm clipping.

Conclusion: The eICG-VA provides more details of the aneurysm, especially in small perforating vessels that were hidden by the aneurysm. It can resolve the limitations of the conventional endoscope and mICG-VA.
Anti-diabetic effects of aqueous prickly lettuce (Lactuca scariola Linn.) leaves extract in alloxan-induced male diabetic rats treated with nickel (II)
Authors: Chadchan Kailash S. , Jargar Jameel G. , Das Swastika N.
Published: August 2015

Background: Hattaraki pallye or prickly lettuce (Lactuca scariola Linn.) is one among several green leafy plants that grow in north Karnataka; it is usually consumed by the people of this region and is found to be antidiabetic in nature. The objective of this study is to evaluate hypoglycemic activities of supplementation with aqueous extract of prickly lettuce (L. scariola) leaves in vivo in acute and subchronic exposure with or without nickel (II) along with its glucose reduction capabilities with or without nickel (II) at pH 7.0 and 9.0 in vitro.

Methods: Percentage glucose reduction (in vitro) was determined by glucose oxidase-peroxidase enzymatic method at pH 7.0 and pH 9.0 using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Hypoglycemic activities of L. scariola were carried out in alloxan-induced male diabetic rats at both acute and subchronic exposure.

Results: The results showed a significant alteration in the λmax value of Ni (II) in combination with L. scariola leaves extracts at both pH 7.0 and 9.0. The aqueous extract also produced a significant reduction in the glucose concentration at pH 7.0 and pH 9.0 even in presence of Ni (II) in vitro. Lactuca scariola leaves in either acute or subchronic supplementation showed a greater glucose tolerance and hypoglycemic regulation of blood sugar in diabetic rats with or without nickel (II) treatments.

Conclusions:
Lactuca scariola leaves can be a substitute for synthetic drugs to treat diabetic patients.
Marked phenotypic variable expression among brothers with duplication of Xq27.1 involving theSOX3gene
Authors: Rosolowsky Elizabeth T. , Stein Robert , Marks Seth D. , Leonard Norma
Published: August 2015

We describe four phenotypically different brothers who share the same microduplication of Xq27.1, which contains theSOX3gene.SOX3mutations have been associated with growth hormone deficiency, variable degrees of additional pituitary hormone deficiencies, and mental retardation.SOX3also appears to play an important role in pharyngeal arch segmentation that gives rise to craniofacial structures. While these four brothers have inherited the same mutation, they manifest a spectrum of phenotypes, ranging from complete, multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies to no apparent pituitary hormone deficiency with or without craniopharyngeal/facial dysmorphisms. We look to the literature to provide putative explanations for the variable expression of the brothers’ sharedSOX3mutation.
Putative predation of Miniopterus schreibersii (Vespertilionidae, Chiroptera) by Zamenis longissimus (Colubridae, Reptilia) in the Albanian National Park of Prespa Lakes
Authors: Théou Philippe
Published: August 2015

In the frame of monitoring the bat population in the Albanian National Park of Prespa Lakes, a
Influence of wax content on the electrical, thermal and tribological behaviour of a polyamide 6/graphite composite
Authors: Unal Huseyin , Kaya Ugur A. , Esmer Kadir , Mimaroglu A. , Poyraz Bayram
Published: August 2015

In this study, the influence of wax content on the electrical, thermal and tribological properties of a polyamide 6 composite filled with 15% wt. graphite was investigated. The wax filler contents of the composite were by 2, 4 and 6 wt.%. Characterisation of the composites was obtained using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy test. Electrical performance tests were carried out, and the dielectric real values (ε′) and imaginary values (ε″) were recorded. Thermal differential scanning calorimetry tests were carried out, and the glassy and melting temperatures of the composite materials were recorded. Furthermore, tribological tests were carried out and the friction coefficient and wear rate of the composites were recorded. The results show that the increase in wax content led to the increase in the permittivity values (ε′ and ε″) of the composites. The increase in wax content also led to the decrease in the friction coefficient and wear rates of the composite materials. Furthermore, the glassy and melting temperatures of the composite materials showed a sensitivity to the wax content. Finally, it is concluded that optimum properties, in total, were obtained in the composite filled with 6 wt.% wax.
Careful treatment planning enables safe ablation of liver tumors adjacent to major blood vessels by percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE)
Authors: Kos Bor , Voigt Peter , Miklavcic Damijan , Moche Michael
Published: August 2015

Background. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a tissue ablation method, which relies on the phenomenon of electroporation. When cells are exposed to a sufficiently electric field, the plasma membrane is disrupted and cells undergo an apoptotic or necrotic cell death. Although heating effects are known IRE is considered as non-thermal ablation technique and is currently applied to treat tumors in locations where thermal ablation techniques are contraindicated.

Materials and methods. The manufacturer of the only commercially available pulse generator for IRE recommends a voltage-to-distance ratio of 1500 to 1700 V/cm for treating tumors in the liver. However, major blood vessels can influence the electric field distribution. We present a method for treatment planning of IRE which takes the influence of blood vessels on the electric field into account; this is illustrated on a treatment of 48-year-old patient with a metastasis near the remaining hepatic vein after a right side hemi-hepatectomy.

Results. Output of the numerical treatment planning method shows that a 19.9 cm3 irreversible electroporation lesion was generated and the whole tumor was covered with at least 900 V/cm. This compares well with the volume of the hypodense lesion seen in contrast enhanced CT images taken after the IRE treatment. A significant temperature raise occurs near the electrodes. However, the hepatic vein remains open after the treatment without evidence of tumor recurrence after 6 months.

Conclusions. Treatment planning using accurate computer models was recognized as important for electrochemotherapy and irreversible electroporation. An important finding of this study was, that the surface of the electrodes heat up significantly. Therefore the clinical user should generally avoid placing the electrodes less than 4 mm away from risk structures when following recommendations of the manufacturer.
Traumatic brain injury: a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Gupta Rajaneesh , Sen Nilkantha
Published: August 2015

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a major global health and socioeconomic problem, is now established as a chronic disease process with a broad spectrum of pathophysiological symptoms followed by long-term disabilities. It triggers multiple and multidirectional biochemical events that lead to neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. Recent studies have presented strong evidence that patients with TBI history have a tendency to develop proteinopathy, which is the pathophysiological feature of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease (AD), chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This review mainly focuses on mechanisms related to AD, CTE, and ALS that are induced after TBI and their relevance to the advancement of these neurodegenerative diseases. This review encompasses acute effects and chronic neurodegenerative consequences after TBI for a better understanding of TBI-induced neuronal death and to design therapies that will effectively treat patients in the primary or secondary progressive stages.
Optoelectronic and Magnetic Properties of Eu2Si5N8: An Ab-initio Study
Authors: Azam Sikander , Khan Saleem Ayaz , Khenata R. , Murtaza G. , Omran S. Bin , Muhammad Saleh
Published: August 2015

Eu2Si5N8 is considered the most important compound in the development of inorganic materials with high potential and performance. Therefore, the electronic, magnetic and optical properties of Eu2Si5N8 are investigated here using density functional theory. The electronic interactions are described within the generalised gradient approximation, GGA+U (where U is the Hubbard Coulomb energy term). The calculated energy gap was 3.5 eV for the investigated compound, resulting in a direct band gap semiconductor. The optical constants, including the dielectric function, refractive index, absorption coefficient, reflectivity, and energy loss function were calculated for radiation up to 14 eV. The optical properties demonstrate that the main differences in absorption, reflectivity, energy-loss function and refractive index occur in the infrared and visible regions for the spin-up and spin-down states, which makes this material an excellent candidate for optical memory devices.
Fortran application to solve systems from NLA using compact storage
Authors: Rodríguez Calderón Wilson , Pallares Muñoz Myriam Rocío
Published: August 2015

Educational software of Numerical Linear Algebra (NLA) friendly was developed, with the last developments in compact storage formats or compressed formats. This software generates the possibility to have own tools, handling for teaching processes in undergraduate, research and advanced formation. Having a tool own computational for the solution of lineal algebra problems generates advantages, since, all the details, hypothesis, restrictions, applications and kindness of the software can be known of first hand, without necessity of requesting expensive support services. The incorporation of storage advanced elements, programming and acceleration of the solution of NLA problems in the software, not allow alone solve academic cases, but also real problems that induce the user to a better understanding of the problems in an efficient and widespread way.
Fast pyrolysis of biomass: A review of relevant aspects. Part I: Parametric study
Authors: Montoya Arbeláez Jorge Ivan , Chejne Janna Farid , Garcia-Pérez Manuel
Published: August 2015

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in developing biofuels from biomass by thermochemical processes like fast pyrolysis as a promising alternative to supply ever-growing energy consumption. However, the fast pyrolysis process is complex, involving changes in phase, mass, energy, and momentum transport phenomena which are all strongly coupled with the reaction rate. Despite many studies in the area, there is no agreement in the literature regarding the reaction mechanisms. Furthermore, no detailed universally applicable phenomenological models have been proposed to describe the main physical and chemical processes occurring within a particle of biomass. This has led to difficulties in reactor design and pilot industrial scale operation, stunting the popularization of the technology. This paper reviews relevant topics to help researchers gain a better understanding of how to address the modeling of biomass pyrolysis.
Compressive sensing: A methodological approach to an efficient signal processing
Authors: Astaiza Hoyos Evelio , Jojoa Gómez Pablo Emilio , Bermúdez Orozco Héctor Fabio
Published: August 2015

Compressive Sensing (CS) is a new paradigm for signal acquisition and processing, which integrates sampling, compression, dimensionality reduction and optimization, which has caught the attention of a many researchers; SC allows the reconstruction of dispersed signals in a given domain from a set of measurements could be described as incomplete, due to that the rate at which the signal is sampled is much smaller than Nyquist's rate. This article presents an approach to address methodological issues in the field of processing signals from the perspective of SC.
Distributed Generation Placement in Radial Distribution Networks using a Bat-inspired Algorithm
Authors: Candelo-Becerra John Edwin , Hernández-Riaño Helman
Published: August 2015

Distributed generation (DG) is an important issue for distribution networks due to the improvement in power losses, but the location and size of generators could be a difficult task for exact techniques. The metaheuristic techniques have become a better option to determine good solutions and in this paper the application of a bat-inspired algorithm (BA) to a problem of location and size of distributed generation in radial distribution systems is presented. A comparison between particle swarm optimization (PSO) and BA was made in the 33-node and 69-node test feeders, using as scenarios the change in active and reactive power, and the number of generators. PSO and BA found good results for small number and capacities of generators, but BA obtained better results for difficult problems and converged faster for all scenarios. The maximum active power injections to reduce power losses in the distribution networks were found for the five scenarios.
Impact of supply voltage distortion on the current harmonic emission of non-linear loads
Authors: Blanco Ana Maria , Yanchenko Sergey , Meyer Jan , Schegner Peter
Published: August 2015

Electronic devices have a non-linear characteristic and emit harmonics into the low voltage grid. Different harmonic studies analyze their impact on the grids based on different types of harmonic models. The most used model is the constant current source. Measurements have shown that the harmonic currents emitted by electronic devices depend on the circuit topology and the existing supply voltage distortion. This paper quantifies the impact of supply voltage distortion on the harmonic current emission of individual devices and the summation of multiple devices. After a classification of the commonly used circuit topologies a time-domain model is developed for each of them. Then the individual and combined impact of voltage harmonics on the harmonic current emission of the modeled devices is analyzed based on simulations. Finally the impact of voltage distortion on the summation of multiple devices is analyzed and the accuracy of constant current source models is evaluated.
Time-varying harmonic analysis in electric power systems with wind farms, through the possibility theory
Authors: Romero-Quete Andrés Arturo , Suvire Gastón Orlando , Cassiano Zini Humberto , Rattá Giuseppe
Published: August 2015

This paper focuses on the analysis of the connection of wind farms to the electric power system and their impact on the harmonic load-flow. A possibilistic harmonic load-flow methodology, previously developed by the authors, allows for modeling uncertainties related to linear and nonlinear load variations. On the other hand, it is well known that some types of wind turbines also produce harmonics, in fact, time-varying harmonics. The purpose of this paper is to present an improvement of the former method, in order to include the uncertainties due to the wind speed variations as an input related with power generated by the turbines. Simulations to test the proposal are performed in the IEEE 14-bus standard test system for harmonic analysis, but replacing the generator, at bus two, by a wind farm composed by ten FPC type wind turbines.
EL RIESGO SUICIDA Y LOS SIGNIFICADOS DE LAS MINORÍAS SEXUALES: UN NUEVO RETO PARA LA SALUD PÚBLICA
Authors: Rocha Buelvas Anderson
Published: August 2015

El objeto de este articulo fue elaborar una disertación académica alrededor de las conductas suicidas de las minorías sexuales como problema de salud pública. Es de suprema importancia que desde el discurso de la salud pública se incluya en la agenda pública la inclusión de políticas y servicios de salud para población LGBTI dada las particularidades y complejidades de su proceso salud-enfermedad, asimismo es fundamental pensar desde la salud pública en las consecuencias de la discriminación de estas minorías en las sociedades latinoamericanas.
Riesgo suicida y factores asociados en adolescentes de tres colegios de la ciudad de Manizales (Colombia), 2013
Authors: Castaño Castrillón José Jaime , Aguirre-Flórez Diana Carolina , Cañón Sandra Constanza , Marín-Sánchez Daniel Felipe , Rodríguez-Pabón Julieth Tatiana , Rosero-Pantoja Luz Ángela , Valenzuela-Díaz Laura Patricia , Vélez-Restrepo Jennifer
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Ésta investigación pretende determinar el factor de riesgo suicida según la escala de Plutchik y factores asociados en estudiantes de octavo a once grado de bachillerato de tres colegios de Manizales (Colombia).  Materiales y métodos: Estudio  de corte transversal con una población de 322 estudiantes de tres colegios de estrato social II y III de la ciudad de Manizales, que cursaban los grados octavo a once de bachillerato. Se aplicó el cuestionario de Plutchik para riesgo suicida, se aplicaron otros cuestionarios para factores asociados. Resultados: El 16,5% presentaron factor de riesgo suicida según la escala de Plutchik, el acoso entre partes presentó un índice de intensidad entre alta y muy alta de 58,1%, el 38,5% tuvo buena funcionalidad familiar, el 18% presentó depresión, la baja autoestima fue de 19,6%, el 11,8% presentaron dependencia alcohólica, el 23,3% mostraron trastorno de conducta alimentaria, el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y cigarrillo fue de 31,4% y 13,4% respectivamente. Los siguientes factores asociados presentaron relación significativa: funcionalidad familiar (p=0,000), depresión (p=0,000), dependencia alcohólica (p=0,001), autoestima (p=0,000), trastornos de conducta alimentaria (p=0,000), acoso escolar (p=0,000), consumo de cigarrillo (p=0,000) y consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (p=0,001). Conclusiones: El estudio muestra FR suicida según Plutchik superior al de otras poblaciones similares, además se encontraron factores asociados entre los cuáles sobresalen, la depresión y la disfuncionalidad familiar. Un hallazgo muy importante fue el acoso entre pares, el cual aumenta en gran proporción el riesgo suicida. No se encontró relación significativa entre FR suicida y estrato social.
VIOLENCIA INTRAFAMILIAR EN EL ADULTO MAYOR QUE VIVE EN EL DISTRITO DE BREÑA, PERÚ
Authors: Silva Fhon Jack Roberto , Del Rio Suarez Antonia Defilia , Motta Herrera Silvia Natividad , Coelho Fabricio-Webhe Suzele Cristina , Partezani Rodrigues Rosalina Aparecida
Published: August 2015

Antecedentes: La violencia hacia el adulto mayor es un problema social que ocurre dentro de la familia y que por miedo no es denunciado dificultando el trabajo del personal multi-profesional de salud para la detección, denuncia y prevención de estos casos.

Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia, los tipos de violencia intrafamiliar e su asociación con variables socio demográficas y presencia de síntomas depresivos en el adulto mayor que vive en la comunidad.

Método: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal con 369 adultos mayores en el distrito de Breña, Lima – Perú. Se utilizó el instrumento de datos sociodemográficos, Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination y Escala de Depresión Geriátrica. Para el análisis de los datos se aplicó estadística descriptiva y regresión logística.

Resultados: Predominó el sexo femenino, adulto mayor más joven, el estado civil casado y la conformación familiar por el cónyuge. La prevalencia de violencia intrafamiliar fue 79,7% y síntomas depresivos 48,2%. Prevaleció la violencia financiera. A la regresión se verificó que aquel que no trabaja tiene mayor chance de sufrir de violencia. Cuanto más son los años de estudio disminuye el riesgo de sufrir de violencia. Asimismo, aquel que no presenta síntomas depresivos no sufre de violencia.

Conclusión: Se verificó que el adulto mayor necesita de atención permanente y que el personal de salud debe reconocer síntomas y señales en el adulto mayor que sufre de violencia y que presenta síntomas depresivos ofreciendo información con la importancia de denunciar estos casos favoreciendo un envejecimiento saludable y con calidad.