bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Penerapan Pendidikan Karakter Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Di SMPN 18 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Sazili Sazili , MDK Herwan , Sitriani Sitriani
Published: October 2024

Character education plays an important role in forming a moral and ethical generation. Without character education, students may have difficulty distinguishing between good and bad. Character education teaches values ​​that are important for students' personal lives. This research aims to determine the application of character education in class VIII social studies subjects at SMPN 18 Bengkulu City. The research method used is qualitative research with research subjects involving social studies teachers and class VIII students. With data analysis techniques used are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research show that SMPN 18 Bengkulu City in the social studies learning process has implemented character education in the form of religious character, discipline, curiosity, responsibility and tolerance. The school also tries to continue to do its best to implement all existing character education for their students. The conclusion from this research is that SMPN 18 Bengkulu City has implemented character education in social studies subjects which can be a basis for teachers to develop their knowledge in order to create a conducive learning environment as an effort to develop student character.
Analisis Kreativitas Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Dalam Pelaksanaan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Di SMPN 21 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Zufiyardi Zufiyardi , Suharmi Suharmi , Lestari Fabella Puji
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine students' creativity in learning Social Sciences in implementing the Independent Learning Curriculum at SMPN 21 Bengkulu City. This research uses a qualitative approach with a qualitative descriptive type. Data sources from social studies teachers and class VII students. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis techniques are data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Meanwhile, checking the validity of the data in this research uses the triangulation technique. The results of the research show that the application of Problem Based Learning in Social Sciences subjects in the implementation of the independent learning curriculum increases student creativity. In line with the objectives of the independent curriculum, it is proven that there is the development of critical thinking skills and problem solving in a social context, with aspects of creativity such as fluency of thinking and the ability to develop ideas that have experienced a real increase. This research provides important insights for educators and policy makers in optimizing developing student creativity through social studies learning in the independent learning curriculum.
Strategi Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Melalui Sektor Pajak Bumi Dan Bangunan Perkotaan Dan Perdesaan (Studi Kasus Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kota Bengkulu)
Authors: Purnawan Heru , Deswanti Futri Rahayu , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Aprianty Henny
Published: October 2024

Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB) adalah salah satu jenis pajak pemerintah yang dipungut terutama atas bumi dan bangunan. Menurut Undang-Undang Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Nomor 12 Tahun 1985, diperbolehkan mendirikan bangunan di atas tanah yang diperuntukkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan mendapati bahwa PBB belum bisa maksimal oleh karena akurasi data Bumi dan Bangunan yang masih belum sesuai dengan realitas kepemilikan aset masyarakat yang mana terdapat perbedaan harga beli, ukuran, dan beberapa data yang lainnya. Selain itu, daya beli yang rendah di Kota Bengkulu membuat beberapa aset yang tidak dimanfaatkan sebagai usaha membuat masyarakat enggan mentaati pembayaran PBB. Terlebih dalam upaya strategi ini menjadi tantangan karena para Pegawai Negeri Sipi/ Aparatur Sipil Negara nyatanya masih banyak yang tidak melakukan wajib pembayaran PBB atas kepemilikannya. Dari hasil penelitian dan temuan di lapangan dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kota Bengkulu dalam meningkatkan pajak bumi dan bangunan di pedesaan dan kota pada tahun 2023 belum berjalan dengan baik sehingga masih perlu dilakukan peningkatan. Strategi yang diterapkan mencakup pendekatan langsung kepada masyarakat secara langsung, sosialisasi kepada wajib pajak, dan datang kerumah-rumah satu persatu.
ПРОБЛЕМА ПРЕЕМСТВЕННОСТИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ В СИСТЕМЕ ШКОЛА–ВУЗ: РАССКАЗ А. П. ЧЕХОВА «ИОНЫЧ»
Authors: О.К. Евдокимова , Т.Н. Романова , О.Н. Степанова
Published: October 2024

В центре внимания в статье – проблема преемственности обучения в системе непрерывного образования школа–вуз, которая анализируется на примере изучения русской литературы. Именно это искусство, являясь своеобразной художественной моделью общества и одновременно межкультурным пространством, позволяет еще в школе заложить у обучаемых мировоззренческие и нравственные основы, а в вузе – развить полученные знания в тесной связи с профессиональной специализацией. В статье показано, какую роль может играть литература в вузовском обучении на нефилологических направлениях подготовки. Помимо этого, сделан акцент на роли дисциплины «История русской литературы» в формировании у выпускников вуза надпредметных компетенций, наличие которых является одним из условий углубленной профессионализации. Конкретизируя выдвинутые положения о необходимости продолжения обучения литературе в вузе в рамках блока гуманитарных дисциплин, авторы статьи обращаются к творчеству А. П. Чехова с целью актуализации и углубления читательского и жизненного опыта обучаемых. В результате на примере хрестоматийного рассказа «Ионыч» показывается преемственность в освоении отечественной литературы в образовательной системе школа–вуз и определяется ее значимость для формирования личностных и профессиональных качеств выпускника вуза.

The article focuses on the problem of continuity of education in the school-university system of continuous education. This problem is analyzed using the example of the study of Russian literature, since it is literature, being a unique artistic model of society and at the same time an intercultural space, that allows to lay ideological and moral foundations in students at school, and at a university to develop the acquired knowledge in close connection with professional specialization. The article shows what role literature can play in university education in non-philological areas of training. In addition, emphasis is placed on the role of the discipline “History of Russian Literature” in the formation of cross-disciplinary competencies among university graduates, the presence of which is one of the conditions for in-depth professionalization. Concretizing the put forward provisions about the need to continue education in literature at a university within the block of humanitarian disciplines, the authors of the article turn to the work of A. P. Chekhov in order to update and deepen the reading and life experience of students. As a result, using the example of the textbook story “Ionych,”, the continuity in the development of domestic literature in the school-university educational system is shown and its significance for the formation of the personal and professional qualities of a university graduate is determined.
ПРОГНОСТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РАЗВИТИЯ ДИЗАЙН-ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ КОГНИТИВНОЙ МЕТОДОЛОГИИ
Authors: Г.А. Кувшинова
Published: October 2024

В рамках грядущей реформы с 2023 года в шести вузах Российской Федерации запущен пилотный проект по изменению сроков и структуры высшего образования, который, несомненно, окажет влияние на дизайн-образование. Поэтому одна из наиболее значимых задач данной статьи – сделать этот процесс наиболее эффективным c учетом всех факторов, связанных с подготовкой высококвалифицированных кадров (государственной поддержкой дизайн-образования, экономической и политической нестабильностью в стране, увеличением стоимости обучения, развитием данной индустрии, стремительным прогрессом в информационных технологиях и пр.). В связи с этим возникла необходимость в разработке когнитивной модели прогностического моделирования слабоструктурированной системы дизайн-образования, что и является целью нашего исследования. Для ее построения автор использовал математический метод, который позволил ему, опираясь на причинно-следственные связи между различными факторами, построить когнитивную модель, представленную в виде специальной карты – взвешенного ориентированного графа. Результатом данного исследования является сценарное моделирование, которое показывает возможные векторы развития системы и позволяет спрогнозировать траектории совершенствования дизайн-образования. В статье рассматриваются возможности применения анализируемого моделирования развития дизайн-образования с учетом когнитивной методологии не только в Российской Федерации, но и в зарубежных странах.

As part of the upcoming reform, a pilot project to change the timing and structure of higher education has been launched in six universities of the Russian Federation from 2023, which will undoubtedly have an impact on design education. The main task of our research is to approach the reform of design education, taking into account all factors related to the training of highly qualified personnel, such as government support for design education, economic and political instability in the country, increased tuition fees, the development of the design industry, rapid progress in information technology, and more. It is necessary to develop a cognitive model of predictive modeling of a weakly structured design education system that is the purpose of the study. To build such a complex model, the author used a mathematical research method that allowed her, using cause-and-effect relationships between various factors, to build a cognitive model proper, which is presented in the form of a special cognitive map, representing a weighted oriented graph. The result of this study is scenario modeling, which shows possible trends in the development of the system and allows you to predict the trajectories of the development of design education. The article also talks about the possibility of applying the presented modeling of the development of design education, taking into account cognitive methodology, not only in the Russian Federation, but also in foreign countries.
ОБУЧЕНИЕ ИНОСТРАННЫХ СТУДЕНТОВ РЕЧЕВОМУ ЖАНРУ «ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ»
Authors: А.Ю. Мельникова
Published: October 2024

Жанр «предложение», обладая лингвокультурологической спецификой, может представлять трудность для иностранных учащихся, а потому требует включения в учебный процесс упражнений, формирующих правильное восприятие намерений говорящего и навыки самостоятельного выражения «предложения» в конкретных ситуациях общения. В этой связи целью исследования стало описание речежанровых моделей «предложения» в лингвистическом и прагматическом аспектах для последующего использования при составлении учебных упражнений, направленных на формирование у иностранных учащихся навыков рецепции и продукции. В работе применены описательный и контекстуальный методы, а также метод дидактического моделирования. Материалом для исследования послужили данные Национального корпуса русского языка, тексты драматургических произведений и кинофильмы. В результате последовательно рассмотрены речевые модели «предложения» с учетом семантики, жанровых и дискурсивных особенностей, описаны композиция и тактические приемы, представлены учебные упражнения, последовательное выполнение которых помогает иностранным учащимся понять лингвокультурологическую специфику анализируемого явления и отработать навыки использования данного жанра в речи. В заключение подчеркивается теоретическая и практическая значимость работы.

The genre “suggestion / offer / proposal”, which has linguocultural specificity, can be difficult for foreign students, and therefore requires the inclusion in the learning process of exercises that form the correct perception of the speaker's intentions and the skills of independent expression of “suggestion / offer / proposal” in specific situations of communication. In this regard, the aim of the study was to describe speech models of genre in linguistic and pragmatic for subsequent use in the design of training exercises aimed at forming receptive and production skills in foreign learners. Descriptive and contextual methods, as well as the method of didactic modelling were applied in the work. The material of the study was the data of the National Corpus of the Russian Language, texts of dramaturgical works and films. As a result, the speech models of genre with regard to semantics, genre and discursive features were consistently described; the composition and tactical techniques of the genre were described; training exercises were presented, the consistent performance of which helps foreign students to understand the linguocultural specifics of the speech genre “suggestion / offer / proposal” and to practice the skills of using this genre in speech. The conclusion emphasises the theoretical and practical significance of the work.
Peran Kebijakan Utang Perusahaan Untuk Membantu Perusahaan Menentukan Dividen Bagi Investornya
Authors: Tandry Whittleliang Hakki  , Marshia Loanza  , Natasya Wong
Published: October 2024

Dividen merupakan sebagian dari laba usaha yang dihasilkan dari perusahaan yang dibagikan kepada para pemegang saham perusahaan. Besaran dividen yang dibayarkan oleh perusahaan kepada pemegang saham berdasarkan jumlah saham yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil data perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Dimana faktor-faktor yang dipilih adalah free cash flow, kepemilikan manajerial, gender diversity, kebijakan utang dan kebijakan dividen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Gender Diversity, Kepemilikan Manajerial, dan Free Cash Flow terhadap Kebijakan Utang. Lalu penelitian ini juga menganalisis peran kebijakan utang sebagai moderasi pengaruh Gender Diversity, Kepemilikan Manajerial, dan Free Cash Flow terhadap Kebijakan Utang. Jenis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan yang dijadikan sampel. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitain kuantitatif. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Untuk pengujian hipotesis, penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Gender Diversity berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen, Kepemilikan Manajerial tidak berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan dividen, Free Cash Flow berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen, Kebijakan Utang memperkuat pengaruh Gender diversity terhadap kebijakan dividen, Kebijakan Utang tidak memperkuat pengaruh Kepemilikan Manajerial terhadap kebijakan dividen, Kebijakan Utang memperkuat pengaruh Free Cash Flow terhadap kebijakan dividen.
Wellbeing through Entrepreneurship: Analysis by Using Capability Approach
Authors: Kumari Joshi Pankaja
Published: October 2024

The core claim of the capability approach is that assessments of the well-being or quality of life of a person, and judgements about justice, or the level of development of a country, on the basis of effective opportunities that people have to lead the lives they have reason to value. Entrepreneurship Development Model for Poverty Alleviation is focused program on pro-poor marginalized community of Nepal. This paper focused on finding of research conducted on different nine indicator of achieved functioning as an impact assessment tool. Capabilities Approach (CA) argued wellbeing is enhanced by expanding the range of things a person could be or do. Secondary data are used from the office of Dhangadhi Sub-metropolitan City and primary data are collected through structured ordinal questionnaire survey to the sample group of 123 persons representing the population of 409. Descriptive assessment is used to analyse the impact of program on peoples’ wellbeing. Individuals reported improved levels of wellbeing. High impact is shown in subjective wellbeing which is measured by overall life satisfaction, moderate impact on health, ability to be oneself, income sufficiency, friendship and decreasing feeling of loneliness and least impact on decreasing discrimination, trust on people and spending for own. The research findings show program has a positive impact on wellbeing, and it is suggested that the capabilities of beneficiaries expanded after joining the MEDEP/MEDPA program.
Comparative Study between Outcome of Standard and Tubeless Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) at District Level Tertiary Hospitals in Bangladesh
Authors: Kishur Kar Nandan , Chakraborty Manash , Barua Srayoshi , Bose Bristee
Published: October 2024

Renal calculus is one of the commonest problems of the urinary tract. Surgical approach is more effective treatment option to remove it. Among all surgical procedures, Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has gradually become a preferred option in last two decades for renal calculus that has largely replaced the open approach. Currently, it is the procedure of choice for renal calculus > 2 cm, or those are refractory to ESWL. The crucial step in Standard PCNL is placing a nephrostomy tube. In recent years, it has been reformed as 'Tubeless' PCNL with some modifications in which a Double-J (D-J) stent is placed without any nephrostomy tube for internal drainage. This study was done to compare the outcomes of Standard PCNL and Tubeless PCNL at district level tertiary hospitals in Bangladesh among 46 patients with renal calculus up to 3 cm size. Many authors agree that Tubeless PCNL or its modifications are effective as well as safe. Although, nephrostomy tube is responsible for an increase of post- operative morbidity, in our study, we did not find any statistically significant difference between these two procedures.
Effects of Packaging on Consumer Buying Decision: A Study of African Black Soap (Alata Samina)
Authors: Agyeman-Budu Kwame , A. Komashie Desmond
Published: October 2024

Product packaging plays a key role in consumer purchasing decision as packaging promote brand identity and customer loyalty. However, the African black soap prepared in Ghana has not seen the best of packaging, hence, its rejection in international marketplace. It is in this vein that the researcher sought to examine effect of packaging on consumer buying decision of African black soap (Alata Samina). Correlation and cross-sectional design were used. Cluster and simple random were used to select 245 respondents. Findings revealed that best packaging influence consumers’ perception to buy local Alata Samina soap recorded a cumulative mean of 4.69198 and standard deviation of 3.31842, suggesting respondents’ agreement that best packaging induce consumer buying decision. In terms of relationship, it was clear that strong positive link exist between packaging elements and consumer buying decision; Packaging colour had r(245) = 0.882, p<0.05, Background image had r(245) = 0.881, p<0.05, Packaging materials had r(245) = 0.882, p<0.05, Font style had r(245) = 0.876, p<0.05. Printed information had r(245) = 0.772, p<0.05, Labelling, wrapper design and creativity had r(245) = 0.882, p<0.05. Standard Multiple Regression was used to analyzed the effect of packaging elements on consumer buying decision and the result were packaging colour had 53.8% and statistically significant effect of r(245) = 0.538, p<0.05. Brand image had 85.3 % and statistically significant effect of r(245) = 0.853, p<0.05. Printed information had 73.8% and statistically significant effect of r(245) = 0.738, p<0.05. Packaging materials had 62.6% and statistically significant effect of r(245) = 0.626, p<0.05. Innovation had 92.3 % and statistically significant effect of r(245) = 0.923, p<0.05. Labelling quality had 76.5% and statistically significant effect of r(245) = 0.765, p<0.05. Design of wrapper had 44.2% and statistically significant effect of r(245) = 0.442, p<0.05. However, font style had only 1.2% and this effect is not statistically significant; r(245) = 0.012, p<0.05. This means that most consumers do not believe that font style influences consumers’ purchase decision. The study recommends that Institute of Packaging Ghana, Federation of Ghanaian Exporters, Ministry of Trade and Industry, Ghana Exports Promotions Authority and Association of Ghana Industries should collaborate to improve the packaging skills of the local African black soap producer. The essence is to enable them to package their products to meet the export market standards.
Teachers’ Perception Towards Integration of Artificial Intelligence Tutoring-Based System in the School Curriculum: A Survey
Authors: Olaseni Vivian M.
Published: October 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the theory and development of computer systems capable of performing tasks normally requiring human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages. This approach has been adopted by many organizations, including schools, to facilitate the teaching and learning process. This development has raised varying opinions on the future of employment within all sectors, including the educational sector. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the perception of teachers toward the integration of AI tutoring-based systems into the school curriculum. A descriptive analysis of the quantitative design was used, and 320 teachers were purposely sampled from public secondary schools in Southwest, Nigeria. The data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS. The findings of the study revealed that although teachers in public secondary schools in the southwest of Nigeria are aware of the positive impact of AI tutoring, 77% of the participants have a negative disposition towards the integration of an AI tutoring-based system into the school curriculum. The factors responsible for this high level of negative disposition include age, low level of education, fear of replacement and professional specialties of the teachers. Based on these findings, it was therefore recommended that teachers be sensitized on the importance of AI tutoring and that stakeholders should propagate the message of how it would promote the standard of education in the state. The study also recommended that educational policymakers integrate the use of artificial intelligence into the school curriculum by allocating the required resources to schools and organizing staff training on the use of AI without neglecting a befitting remuneration.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Teachers, Learning, Disposition, Perception
Syncopation Struggles: Decoding Rhythmic Challenges in Ghanaian Arts Music
Authors: Arkhurst Kow , Amoh-Yeboah Richmond , Dickson William Adjei
Published: October 2024

This study explored the vital role of rhythm in Ghanaian arts and music, focusing on its significance for cultural preservation and education amid globalization challenges. Using a qualitative methodology grounded in Ethnomusicology, the research examined how traditional rhythms are taught and interpreted, with particular emphasis on the role of choir directors. The findings indicate that current interpretive methods may not adequately preserve the authenticity of these rhythms, affecting educational and cultural transmission. The study recommends developing more precise interpretation techniques and an interdisciplinary approach in music education to improve the understanding and preservation of the cultural heritage of Ghana. This research contributes to scholarship by highlighting the cognitive and social dynamics in music education and stressing the urgency of safeguarding cultural authenticity in traditional Ghanaian music practices. Its implications extend beyond academic circles, influencing pedagogical practices in music education worldwide.

Keywords: Ethnomusicology of Ghanaian Arts Music, Rhythm Interpretation, Cultural Heritage Preservation, Music Education, Cognitive Processes in Music
New industrialization – based on the synergy of science, innovation and spatial features
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Kryukov V.A. , Kryukov Ya.V. ,   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of RAS
Published: October 2024

The paper analyzes the problems of the new industrialization of the Russian economy in the context of the peculiarities of its historical development, as well as the colossal role and importance that the spatial factor has in our country. We have shown the importance of solving the problem of the formation and development of horizontal connections and interactions - both at the level of industries and organizations, and territories. The solution to this problem is largely delayed. This is due to historical reasons. The reasons are the departmental (corporate) model of vertical organization of industrial structures that has developed and continues to this day and insufficient involvement in the processes of industrialization of territories. According to the authors, the development of cooperative ties and integration processes in modern conditions is impossible without solving the deferred problem noted above.
EU economic strategies 2020-2024: goals and indicators
Authors:   Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nevskaya N.A.
Published: October 2024

The paper discusses the EU Strategy 2020-2024 created in 2019. There are analyzes the Strategy plan and Management Plan EU, Economic forecast EU, the hierarchy of General and Specific objectives, Activities with results, indicators and targets to achieve the goals and systems for implementing the Strategy for the EU in the paper. The analysis used EU Commission work programme, Strategic Plans 2020-2024 EU Commission, Management Plans EU Commission for the current reporting year (2024), Annual activity report. It is a system of documents of Departments and executive agencies (Directorate General, Executive agency and Service) of the EU Commission, whose competence and area of activity are related to the implementation of EU economic policy. The analysis is based on the plans and reports of The Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) of the European Commission: Strategic plan, Management plan, Annual activity report, Annual work programme. It is shown that the EU is pursuing a proactive policy regarding digitalization, climate neutrality and a number of other goals to achieve competitiveness in the global market. The system of macroeconomic indicators of the Economic Forecast underlies the formation of plans of all The Directorate General of the EC. Activities are described in results, indicators and targets to achieve the stated General and Specific objectives 2020-2024. The final values of the main macroeconomic indicators for the current period are not justified and the forecast indicators for the period until 2025 remain almost unchanged. An analysis of the added value of the EU economy by industry shows the instability of the structure of the EU economy for the period 2020-2023.
The European union single market turns 30: achievements and new challenges
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kondratieva N.B.
Published: October 2024

The expert activity of the European think tanks on the analysis of the achievements of the Internal Market of the European Union is summarized. The article contributes to the discussion of the potential of the Single market from the point of view of traditional ideas about the possibilities of economic integration. The study showed the unresolved nature of a number of problems, including the internal fragmentation of the economic space and territorial socio-economic imbalances. The author comes to the following conclusion: a) the EU Single market is developing under the influence of providing and stimulating measures, including legal, control, communication, financial; b) it is an unfinished experiment, has a high unrealized potential; c) the EU Single market continues to serve an opportunity for catching up countries: the countries of the eastern expansion have succeeded more than the countries of the southern expansion, which has resulted in a redistribution of the weight of different groups of countries in the total gross product of the EU; d) the Internal market has a mission to compensate for the loss of foreign markets within the framework of the geopolitical strategy of the last decade, but the success of this mission is not obvious.
Ensuring raw material sovereignty as a problem field of EU economic policy
Authors:   Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotov A.V.
Published: October 2024

The work actualizes the study of problems of resource provision for industrial transformation of EU countries. The purpose of the article is to explore the concept of resource sovereignty as part of the overall policy of achieving strategic autonomy of the European Union. The analysis was based on a cross-country comparison of the levels of import dependence, patent activity and recycling development. The results structure various economic policy measures applied in European countries and identify the intersectoral sphere of ensuring resource sovereignty as a field for deepening European integration.
Implementation of ESG principles in methodological support of investment tax benefits
Authors:   Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanova, Dyuzhov A.V.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the possibility of including ESG - technologies in the mechanism of tax deduction for corporate income tax, and also provides statistics on the use of tax deductions, and features of the use of tax deductions. As a result of the study, the author gave recommendations for the inclusion of ESG - technologies in the tax deduction mechanism.
Calculating the consequences of implementing new solutions and anti-crisis measures in the context of ongoing global fragmentation
Authors:   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bakhtizin A.R.
Published: October 2024

The article considers the possibility of achieving a number of target indicators specified in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation. It also considers various scenarios for changing the negative demographic trend that has developed in Russia and priority areas for the further development of our country. Problems in the current monetary policy implemented by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation were identified. The conclusion presents the results of a stress test of the sustainability of the economic systems of key countries of the world and their ability to withstand large-scale sanctions from other states and international organizations.
“When Father Christmas Is the Gaslighter”
Authors: Runswick-Cole Katherine , Douglas Patty , Fogg Penny , Alexander Sarah , Ehret Stephanie , Eves Jen , Shapley-King Barbara , Ward Martha , Wood Incy
Published: October 2024

The article is written with, by, and for (m)others whose children have been labelled as having “special educational needs” (SEN). The term (m)others is used to pay attention to the continued impact of the gendered nature of care for (disabled) children at the level of the individual, but also to recognize gender as a social construct, and the many ways of being a (m)other (Anderson). The broad aim is to explore the ways in which special education systems across the global North construct (m)others of disabled children as “mad.” This discussion is timely given the high levels of conflict between parents/carers and global North special education systems in contemporary times. The article explores “madness” as a mechanism of social control produced in special education systems by paying close attention to “intimate encounters” between (m)others and practitioners that occur day-to-day in (special) education settings. The developing analysis is shaped by the concept of “gaslighting,” which offers a useful framework both for understanding deeply affecting and effecting “intimate encounters” between (m)others and practitioners, and for exposing the operations of power in special education systems. The conclusion reflects on what new understandings of (m)others’ madness have been revealed and how they have the potential to (re)shape practice.
SMILES: A Prototype JWST Multiband Mid-infrared Survey
Authors: Rieke G. H. , Alberts Stacey , Shivaei Irene , Lyu Jianwei , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Pérez-González Pablo , Williams Christina C.
Published: October 2024

The Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) for JWST is supplied with a suite of imaging band-pass filters optimized for full spectral coverage in eight intermediate-width bands from 5 to 26 μm and a narrower one at 11.3 μm. This contrasts with previous infrared space telescopes, which generally have provided only two broad bands, one near 10 μm and the other near 20 μm. The expanded MIRI spectral capability provides new possibilities for detailed interpretation of survey results. This is an important feature of the instrument, on top of its great increase in sensitivity and angular resolution over any previous mission. The Systematic Mid-infrared Instrument Legacy Extragalactic Survey (SMILES) was designed to take full advantage of this capability. This paper briefly describes the history of infrared surveys that paved the way for MIRI on JWST and for our approach to designing SMILES. It illustrates the use of the observations for a broad range of science programs and concludes with a brief summary of the need for additional full multiband surveys with JWST/MIRI. This paper is an overall introduction to the survey and is accompanied by a full data release, described in detail by S. Alberts et al.
Impulsively Accelerated Ions as the Source of Ion Acoustic Waves in Solar Wind
Authors: Ergun R. E. , Strus L. G. , Malaspina D. M. , Cairns I. H. , Cattell C. A.
Published: October 2024

Ion acoustic waves are pervasive at the Earth’s bow shock and in regions of active plasmas. Recently, frequency-dispersed ion acoustic-like waves have been observed by Parker Solar Probe in the near-Sun solar wind. These waves are electrostatic, propagate nearly along the magnetic field, and have frequencies on the order of the ion plasma frequency. Frequency-dispersed emissions appear in short (<1 s) bursts and exhibit rising and/or falling tones. This article has a narrow focus, to determine if impulsively accelerated ions are a plausible generation mechanism. We show that velocity dispersion from impulsively accelerated ions can generate a positive slope in the ion distribution that changes in space and time, which can lead to emissions with rising or falling tones given a substantial Doppler shift from the solar wind. The phase velocity is at the velocity of the positive slope, which can differ from the ion acoustic speed, but otherwise these waves are similar to ion acoustic waves. Wave growth is strongest when the positive slope velocity is near the ion acoustic speed. Two mechanisms for impulsive ion acceleration are explored. One mechanism imparts equal energy into the source ions as expected from a parallel potential. The other mechanism imparts equal velocity into the source ions such as that expected from impulsive magnetic reconnection. Both mechanisms result in similar wave characteristics with only subtle differences. Given the persistent appearance of these ion acoustic-like waves, these results suggest that impulsively accelerated ions may be abundant in the near-Sun solar wind.
The Power of High-precision Broadband Photometry: Tracing the Milky Way Density Profile with Blue Horizontal Branch Stars in the Dark Energy Survey
Authors: Yu 余 Fengqing 枫青 , Li Ting S. , Speagle 沈 Joshua S. 佳士 , Medina Gustavo E. , Koposov Sergey E. , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Cullinane Lara R. , Eadie Gwendolyn M. , Erkal Denis , Lewis Geraint F. , Limberg Guilherme , Zucker Daniel B.
Published: October 2024

Blue horizontal branch stars (BHBs), excellent distant tracers for probing the Milky Way’s halo density profile, are distinguished in the

g
−
r

0

versus (i − z)0 color space from another class of stars, blue straggler stars. We develop a Bayesian mixture model to classify BHBs using high-precision photometry data from the Dark Energy Survey Data Release 2 (DES DR2). We select ∼2100 highly probable BHBs based on their griz photometry and the associated uncertainties, and we use these stars to map the stellar halo over the Galactocentric radial range 20 kpc ≲ R ≲ 70 kpc. After excluding known stellar overdensities, we find that the number density n
⋆ of BHBs can be represented by a power-law density profile n
⋆ ∝ R
−α
with an index of

α
=

4.34

−
0.12

+
0.13

±
0.52

, consistent with existing literature values. In addition, we examine the impact of systematic errors and the spatial inhomogeneity on the fitted density profile. Our work demonstrates the effectiveness of high-precision griz photometry in selecting BHBs. The upcoming photometric survey from the Rubin Observatory, expected to reach depths 2–3 mag greater than DES during its 10 yr mission, will enable us to investigate the density profile of the Milky Way’s halo out to the virial radius, unraveling the complex processes of formation and evolution in our Galaxy.
Lensing Point-spread Function of Coherent Astrophysical Sources and Nontrivial Wave Effects
Authors: Shi Xun
Published: October 2024

Most research on astrophysical lensing has been conducted using the geometric optics framework, where there exists a clear concept of lensing images. However, wave optics effects can be important for coherent sources, e.g., pulsars, fast radio bursts, and gravitational waves observed at long wavelengths. There, the concept of lensing images needs an extension. We introduce the concept of the “lensing point-spread function” (LPSF), the smoothed flux density distribution of a coherent point source after being lensed, as a generalization of the lensing image concept at finite frequencies. The frequency-dependent LPSF captures the gradual change of the flux density distribution of the source from discrete geometric images at high frequencies to a smooth distribution at low frequencies. It complements other generalizations of lensing images, notably the imaginary images and the Lefschetz thimbles. Being a footprint of a lensing system, the LPSF is useful for theoretical studies of lensing. Using the LPSF, we identify a frequency range with nontrivial wave effects, where both geometric optics and perturbative wave optics fail, and determine this range to be ∣κ∣−1 ≲ ν ≲ 10, with κ and ν being the dimensionless lens amplitude and the reduced observing frequency, respectively. Observation of LPSFs with nontrivial wave effects requires either very close-by lenses or very large observing wavelengths. The potential possibilities are the lensing of gravitational waves, the plasma lensing of Milky Way pulsars, and lensing by the solar gravitational lens.
Retrieval of Thermally Resolved Water Vapor Distributions in Disks Observed with JWST-MIRI
Authors: Romero-Mirza Carlos E. , Banzatti Andrea , Öberg Karin I. , Pontoppidan Klaus M. , Salyk Colette , Najita Joan , Blake Geoffrey A. , Krijt Sebastiaan , Arulanantham Nicole , Pinilla Paola , Long Feng , Rosotti Giovanni , Andrews Sean M. , Wilner David J. , Calahan Jenny ,   The JDISCS Collaboration
Published: October 2024

The mid-infrared water vapor emission spectrum provides a novel way to characterize the delivery of icy pebbles toward the innermost (<5 au) regions of planet-forming disks. Recently, JWST MIRI-MRS showed that compact disks exhibit an excess of low-energy water vapor emission relative to extended multigapped disks, suggesting that icy pebble drift is more efficient in the former. We carry out detailed emission-line modeling to retrieve the excitation conditions of rotational water vapor emission in a sample of four compact and three extended disks within the JWST Disk Infrared Spectral Chemistry Survey. We present two-temperature H2O slab model retrievals and, for the first time, constrain the spatial distribution of water vapor by fitting parametric radial temperature and column density profiles. Such models statistically outperform the two-temperature slab fits. We find a correlation between the observable hot water vapor mass and stellar mass accretion rate, as well as an anticorrelation between cold water vapor mass and submillimeter dust disk radius, confirming previously reported water line flux trends. We find that the mid-IR spectrum traces H2O with temperatures down to 180–300 K, but the coldest 150–170 K gas remains undetected. Furthermore the H2O temperature profiles are generally steeper and cooler than the expected “superheated” dust temperature in passive irradiated disks. The column density profiles are used to estimate icy pebble mass fluxes, which suggest that compact and extended disks may produce markedly distinct inner-disk exoplanet populations if local feeding mechanisms dominate their assembly.
Modeling and Subtracting Diffuse Cluster Light in JWST Images: A Relation between the Spatial Distribution of Globular Clusters, Dwarf Galaxies, and Intracluster Light in the Lensing Cluster SMACS 0723
Authors: Martis Nicholas S. , Sarrouh Ghassan T. E. , Willott Chris J. , Abraham Roberto , Asada Yoshihisa , Bradač Maruša , Brammer Gabriel B. , Desprez Guillaume , Harshan Anishya , Muzzin Adam , Noirot Gaël , Rihtaršič Gregor , Sawicki Marcin , Strait Victoria
Published: October 2024

We present a methodology for modeling and removing light from cluster galaxies and intracluster light (ICL) from James Webb Space Telescope images of gravitational lensing clusters. We apply our method to Webb’s First Deep Field the SMACS 0723 Early Release Observations and use the ICL-subtracted images to select a sample of globular clusters (GCs) and dwarf galaxies within the cluster. We compare the spatial distributions of these two samples with our models of the galaxy and ICL light, finding significant similarities. In particular, we find that GCs trace the diffuse ICL, while dwarf galaxies are centrally concentrated near the cluster center We quantify the relationship between the surface density of compact sources and total cluster light, demonstrating a significant, tight correlation. We repeat our methodology and compare distributions of GCs with the dark matter surface density and find a comparable result. Our findings suggest a common origin for GCs and diffuse ICL, with stripping from massive galaxies as they merge with the cluster being a plausible scenario.
Effect of Photon Vortex Generated in Extremely Strong Magnetic Fields on Stellar Nucleosynthesis
Authors: Maruyama Tomoyuki , Hayakawa Takehito , Cheoun Myung-Ki , Kajino Toshitaka
Published: October 2024

It is thought that photon vortices are predominantly produced in extremely strong magnetic fields in the Universe. Because the photon vortex may cause significant large angular momentum transfer in interactions with atomic nuclei, stellar nucleosynthesis in such astrophysical environments is affected. In the present study, we calculate the ratios of the photon absorption transition probabilities of photon vortices with Bessel wave to photons described by the plane wave. The result shows enhancement of excitation of states with large total angular momentum by optimization of the divergence angle of the incident photon vortex in momentum space. However, the average cross section for the photon vortex turns out to be identical with that for the plane wave. Therefore, even when Bessel photons are predominantly produced in astrophysical environments, the isotopic abundances of the synthesized elements are not changed.
Impacts of Black-hole-forming Supernova Explosions on the Diffuse Neutrino Background
Authors: Nakazato Ken’ichiro , Akaho Ryuichiro , Ashida Yosuke , Tsujimoto Takuji
Published: October 2024

The flux spectrum, event rate, and experimental sensitivity are investigated for the diffuse supernova (SN) neutrino background (DSNB), which originates from past stellar collapses and is also known as a supernova relic neutrino background. For this purpose, the contribution of collapses that lead to successful supernova explosion and black hole (BH) formation simultaneously, which are suggested to be a nonnegligible population from the perspective of Galactic chemical evolution, is taken into account. If the BH-forming SNe involve matter fallback onto the protoneutron star for the long term, their total emitted neutrino energy becomes much larger than that of ordinary SNe and failed SNe (BH formation without explosion). Then, in the case of the normal mass hierarchy in neutrino oscillations and with half of all core-collapse SNe being BH-forming SNe, the expected event rate according to the current DSNB model is enhanced by up to a factor of 2 due to the BH-forming SNe. While substantial uncertainties exist regarding the duration of the matter fallback, which determines the total amount of emitted neutrinos, and the fraction of BH-forming SNe, the operation time required to detect the DSNB at Hyper-Kamiokande would be reduced by such contribution in any case.
Magnetic Field Evolution for Crystallization-driven Dynamos in C/O White Dwarfs
Authors: Castro-Tapia Matias , Zhang Shu , Cumming Andrew
Published: October 2024

We investigate the evolution of magnetic fields generated by the crystallization-driven dynamo in carbon–oxygen white dwarfs (WDs) with masses ≲1.05 M
⊙. We use scalings for the dynamo to demonstrate that the initial magnetic field strength (B
0) has an upper limit that depends on the initial convection zone size (R
out,0) and the WD mass. We solve the induction equation to follow the magnetic field evolution after the dynamo phase ends. We show that the predicted surface magnetic field strength (B
surf) differs from B
0 by at least a factor of ∼0.3. This reduction depends on R
out,0, where values smaller than half of the star radius give B
surf ≲ 0.01 B
0. We implement electrical conductivities that account for the solid phase effect on the ohmic diffusion. We observe that the conductivity increases as the solid core grows, freezing in the magnetic field at a certain point of the evolution and slowing its outward transport. We study the effect of turbulent magnetic diffusivity induced by the convection and find that for a small R
out,0, B
surf is stronger than the nonturbulent diffusion cases because of the more rapid transport, but still orders of magnitude smaller than B
0. Given these limitations, the crystallization-driven dynamo theory could explain only magnetic C/O WDs with field strengths less than a few megagauss for the mass range 0.45–1.05 M
⊙. Our results also suggest that a buried fossil field must be at least 100 times stronger than observed surface fields if crystallization-driven convection is responsible for its transport to the surface.
De la pulsion d’emprise à l’emprise dans la pulsion
Authors: Joulain Patrick
Published: October 2024

L’auteur propose un parcours freudien dans le monde de l’emprise. Celle-ci est une des dimensions de la passion. Introduite par Freud en 1905, la notion d’emprise a été travaillée par de nombreux auteurs postfreudiens, en particulier Paul Denis qui considère l’emprise comme une composante de la pulsion. Quelques grandes lignes de sa théorisation, originale et novatrice, sont présentées ici. En chemin sont évoqués les portraits de Rodin, des figures de la passion au cinéma, dans la littérature et la mythologie, la place de l’emprise dans le cadre et la relation analytiques, ainsi que quelques illustrations cliniques. L’emprise bénéficie, depuis quelques temps, d’un regain d’intérêt. Ceci est sans doute lié, en partie, à la complexité psychopathologique contemporaine de bon nombre de patients, qui oblige à repenser la pratique et la théorie psychanalytiques.