bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of tax incentives on investment in small enterprises in Palestine
Authors:   Al-Najah National University, Palestine, Odeh Rahma , Thaher Mofeed ,   Al-Najah National University, Palestine, Nour Abdulnaser ,   Al-Najah National University, Palestine
Published: September 2023

The study aimed to measure the impact of tax incentives on investment in small enterprises in Palestine. The study identified the tax incentives that affect Palestinian investments which were stipulated in the Palestinian Income Tax Law number (8) of the year 2011 which was amended according to the Decree number (5) for the year (2015), as well as the Investment Promotion Law (1) for the year (1998) and its subsequent amendments, and among these incentives (tax incentives related to family exemptions, incentives related to tax brackets, incentives related to tax deductions, incentives related to expanding the tax base exemptions, incentives related to encouraging payment discounts, incentives related to investment promotion). To achieve the objectives of the study, the analytical descriptive approach was used, and a questionnaire was developed to measure the fields and variables of the study. A sample of 377 small enterprises owners was randomly selected from the northern governorates of the West Bank (Tulkarem, Nablus, Jenin, Tubas, Salfit, Qalqilya). The questionnaires were then distributed and (365) valid responses were retrieved. The study had the following results: There is a significant effect of tax incentives on investment in small enterprises in Palestine. The Income Tax Law and the Palestinian Investment Promotion Law Tax both provided for tax exemptions and benefits that are in line with the economic conditions of individuals, because the introduction of new tax incentives help investors save money, and thus give them the ability to invest their savings and encourage them to invest in small projects. The provided tax brackets are suitable for all individuals and achieve justice in taxation, and tax reductions affect investment and attract Investors. Moreover, the incentives related to encouragement discounts on paid amounts also encourage the taxpayers to pay the tax due on them in installments according to their situation, which encouraged investors to invest. The most important recommendations of the study include: Efforts should be made to increase incentives to encourage investors and direct them to less invested regions, as well as granting full exemptions for investments made in these regions which would help revitalize them and make them attractive for investment. Moreover, there is a need to have a specialized entity through which the investor can complete all the procedures related to his investment project, due to the complexity of current procedures. The researchers also recommend that business owners should be informed on the benefits and exemptions that they can obtain when they expand their investments or start new ones.
The supervisory role of applying governance mechanisms to reduce the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic in the public shareholding insurance companies listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange
Authors:   University College of Science and Technology, University Gaza, Gaza, Palestine, M. Rashwan Abdul Rahman , Nour Abdulnaser ,   Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, An-Najah National University, Palestine
Published: September 2023

The study aimed to identify the supervisory role of applying governance mechanisms to reduce the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic in the public shareholding insurance companies listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange. Governance Committees (72) working in insurance companies listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange, numbering (5) companies, and a comprehensive inventory method was used due to the small size of the study population. The results of the study concluded that the boards of directors of the insurance companies listed on the Palestine Exchange are aware of the limits of their role and responsibility in providing control over management, and applying effective governance mechanisms to manage the state of uncertainty resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. The insurance companies listed on the Palestine Exchange also disclose the role of Governance mechanisms in contributing to the development of the necessary measures to reduce the effects of the pandemic, and the managements of these companies adopt the application of governance mechanisms in light of the Covid-19 pandemic, which need to provide the necessary support from takeholders. The study recommended that the public shareholding insurance companies listed on the Palestine Exchange should disclose the effects caused by the Covid-19 pandemic on the directions and operations of these companies, and the measures they have taken to address the negative effects resulting from the pandemic that affected their financial and administrative performance. Companies and their boards of directors to develop appropriate mechanisms for corporate governance practices through the participation of many stakeholders and corporate departments to counter the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Electronic sex between criminalization and legalization according to Palestinian legislation
Authors:   Department of Criminology and Law, Faculty of law, Al-Istiqlal University , Jericho, Palestine., alatrash Issam
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to identify the legal adaptation of electronic sex according to the Palestinian legislation, especially with regard to whether electronic sex is a criminal or permissible behavior, and whether it constitutes a crime of adultery, indecent assault, sexual harassment, an act of immodest foreplay, or a crime of seduction in both forms, Hymen with the promise of marriage, or spoiling the marital bond, and The researcher used the analytical approach based on the analysis of the Jordanian Penal Code No. 16 of 1960 and applied in the West Bank. And The researcher reached a set of results, perhaps the most prominent of which is that electronic sex is considered permissible and non-criminal behavior except in certain circumstances and certain conditions, where electronic sex can be considered a crime of defloration of the virginity of the promise of marriage, or spoiling the marital bond, And the study recommended the necessity of criminalizing sex Electronic crime as an independent crime due to its danger to practitioners, their families and society, And adding a legislative text in the Cybercrime Law to punish this behavior, which reads as follows: (Anyone who uses an information technology medium to communicate with another person for a sexual purpose shall be punished with imprisonment or a fine, or both penalties
Information Seeking Behaviour Pattern among the Students and Faculty in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Libraries
Authors: Jayaraman R. , Srinivasaragavan S. , Duraisamy M. R.
Published: September 2023

Information is an essence of research. Agricultural University Libraries play an important role in providing information to the users. The users seek for information in different patterns. In the present study, the authors have made an attempt to know the information seeking patterns of the Under Graduate Students, Post Graduate Students and Ph.D. Scholars in Agriculture and Faculty Members of various Agricultural College Libraries of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) in Tamil Nadu. The questionnaire method was adopted to collect data. About 80% responses have been received. The study identified various modes of literature search, purpose of visit, type of information gathered, frequency of library visit and time spent in the library. The chisquare test was applied to find out the significant relationship on the opinion of the users among the colleges. The result shows that there is significant difference among the users of different colleges of TNAU in the preference of various channels of Agricultural information, modes of literature search, purpose of visit to the library and time spent in the library.
Journal of American Computing Machinery: A Citation Study
Authors: Vimala B. , Dominic J.
Published: September 2023

This paper describes about the citation study on the Journal of American Computing Machinery. A Total of 10 volumes of the Journal of American Computing Machineries (2002-2011) have been taken for the study. The study included in analyzing the Year Wise and Volume Wise Distribution of Citations, Number of Citations in Articles, Quantitative Growth Articles by Volume, Cited Documents in the Journals, Authorship Patterns of Citations (Volume Wise) etc. The result of the study reveals that the general publication of articles in citation of the journals take the predominant representations role.
Federated Search Engines for Online Journals: A Study
Authors: Tamizhchelvan M. , Dhanavandan S.
Published: September 2023

Search strategy in Information retrieval is important task to get proper results without wasting time. There were many developments in searching the articles or information from the internet. There are various search engines available to search e-journals, online databases. Federated search is new search technique to get one query with results from different online databases and online journals, etc. This paper made an attempt to identify the various tools available over the Internet.
A Study on the Sources and Services Rendered to Modern Society by the British Library
Authors: Balasubramanian P.
Published: September 2023

The British Library is the United Kingdom’s international organization of educational opportunities and cultural relations. In India the British council operates as a division of the British High commission and has offices in the four metro cities. The present Article studies mainly the sources and services rendered to modern society by the British library at Chennai. The other objective of the study is to collect information regarding the types of readers in British library, Chennai. The users include post graduate students, research scholars, faculty members, lawyers and common public; they formed the population of the study. A sample of 150 respondents has been selected on the basis of stratified random sampling method. There are different types of members such as silver, gold, gold plus, Diamond, Diamond plus and platinum. Apart from the finest Collection of books, the library has educational videos, periodicals and newspapers from the U.K. The British Library has extensive resources. The sources of information can be grouped under two categories (1) Documentary sources and (2) Non-documentary the secondary sources in the British library are Test books periodicals and reference sources. The British libraries provide various services to its users. They can be categorized as: Reference services, Reprographics Service, Clipping Service, Current awareness Services, online services, automated services and SMS alert services.
Information Gathering Habits of Engineering College Students in Chennai, Tamil Nadu: A Study
Authors: Rajendraprasath S. , Muthusamy C.
Published: September 2023

Information is the very basis of human existence. Information is essential element for the progress of higher education. The main aim of this study was to find out the information gathering habits of students from different disciplines of Velammal Engineering College in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. A well-structured questionnaire was circulated to collect the needed information from 9 Undergraduate engineering branches. This study examines several aspects of library use, including frequency of visiting the library, satisfaction with library hours, library collection and level of user satisfaction from library services, and cover the use of reference sources in the library. The study was conducted through survey by distributing questionnaires among 270 students and 91% of students responded.
A Study on Resources and Services in the Nursing College Libraries at Bangalore City, Karnataka
Authors: Aravinthan M. , Venkatesh G.
Published: September 2023

Education is the transmission of civilization. Well educated and skilled people are key to creating, sharing and disseminating knowledge effectively. It is as old as the history of mankind. It forms the basis for the development and progress of individual and human society. Importance of human resources and the role of education in development has been well recognized. Education is considered as critical input for economic and social development. It is an instrument to imparting knowledge and training to people leading to thei empowerment. Majority of the library were users are satisfied with the availability of textbooks and magazines followed by periodicals and general books. Inadequacy of electronic resources was stated by some users. The number of multiple copies is not enough. There should be more books by Indian authors. The users of the library were asked to indicate how they find required reading material and books. Majority of the users said it is by browsing through the shelves. Some said they consult the library staff and seek their help in finding books. Some students admitted that they take help from their class fellows. A few users said that they use catalogue to locate books. This infers that the methods followed by the students to find the required books in the libraries vary. Majority of the students who use the library stated that catalogue is not upto- date. A high percentage of library users follow the method of browsing and checking the racks and consulting the library staff.
The Service Quality and User Satisfaction in Sri Lankan Academic Libraries: Literature Review
Authors: Nawarathne M. , Pratap Singh Ajay
Published: September 2023

It is beyond controversy that the libraries are for the benefit of the readers. The objective of a library is to producebetter citizens, happier people and finally a better society. Libraries furnish information on all subjects, provide the means of self-education in order to help people to participate intelligently in society and give an opportunity of reading for pleasure as well as educational purposes. In the event we were to look back to hundred years, we would find these ideas quite unknown to that age, but in the modern age, library is an essential part of the educational resources. It has grown with the schools, colleges, and universities and shares with them the onerous responsibility for helping to maintain and to promote heritage, freedom and opportunity. A study of world history and civilization has evidence to prove that libraries in some form or other existed in all ages as a part of social fabric. Libraries can be classified into live groups. Firstly, there are national libraries, the main purpose of which is to collect and preserve books and other printed matter. Secondly, there are special libraries which deal with specific subjects for the benefit of special readers. Libraries of industries, firms, Government research organization and professional bodies come under this segment. Thirdly, there are public libraries which aim at providing reading materials for the community. Fourthly, there are private libraries which are owned and looked after by intellectuals. Finally, there are academic libraries for universities. Academic libraries are for research and educational needs of the students. Books and printed matters have a great place in life. They are our reliable and abiding companions in the pilgrimage of life. They give us both light and delight. The purpose of this paper is to investigate to explore the literature of service quality and user satisfaction of the academic libraries. It reviewed the knowledge contributions of previous studies in the area of Service quality and user satisfaction. The endeavour was to examine the extent of the knowledge contribution on this study.
Education for Information: Historical Root and Future Prospects
Authors: Shivraj K. S. , Paul Prantosh K.
Published: September 2023

Information is one of the important and vital gradients in modern days. Education for information is available in several academic unit and establishment  which including universities, engineering colleges, polytechnic, General Colleges and in ITI.  Information and its important bring several level of degree like Bachelor, Masters, Diploma, Certificate and so on. Information Field or Information Education is includes Information Studies,  Information Science, Knowledge Management, Information Systems and so on. However over the time  these information fields are incorporated with several IT and Computing gradients and thus also  known as Applied Computing/IT field. This paper illustrated details of Information Education;  including common nomenclature, historical background and future prospects.
Usage of Search Engines for Information Retrieval by the Engineering Faculty in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Velmurugan C. , Ramakrishna Reddy K.
Published: September 2023

The academicians and researchers collect information of their interest utilizing the Web Search Engines for their day-to-day activities, teaching and research needs. But the users may be ignorant on the effective Search Engine to be used for the purpose. This article examines preference of the Search Engines by engineering faculty and their knowledge on Search Strategies.
Health Information Seeking Behaviour: A Review of Literature
Authors: Maheswarappa B. S. , Bhadrashetty Arvind
Published: September 2023

Reviews the literature to identify the gaps and find a clear definition and context in which the term Health Information Seeking Behaviour (HISB) is used. A retrospective search of the literature was conducted using the CD-ROM databases such as LISA, Sociological Abstracts, Psychological Abstracts, Pubmed and Google Scholar. Relevant articles were selected for review. From the review, it is clear that most studies are from Western countries and conducted on disease-oriented groups. Though, some are from specific user groups, but very few studies are on general public’s health information seeking.
A Bibliometric Study of the Journal of Emerging Market Finance (2002-2013)
Authors: Senthilkumar R. , Ulaganathan G.
Published: September 2023

This paper presents a bibliometric study of the journal “Journal of Emerging Market Finance” for the period between 2002 to 2013.The analysis covers mainly distribution of articles volume-wise, authorship pattern, institution wise articles contribution by authors, forms of documents used. All the studies point towards the merits and weakness of the journal which will be helpful for its further development. The study reveals that majority of the authors preferred journals 3649(75.74%) as the source of information.
Mapping of Agriculture Research Output in Sri Lanka: A Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Maheswaran R.
Published: September 2023

The study examines Sri Lanka’s performance based on its publication output in Agriculture during 1989–2015, based on several parameters, including the year wise growth, national publication output and impact in terms of average citations per paper, international collaboration output and share and contribution of major collaborative partners, contribution, impact of select top 15 Sri Lanka institutions and select top 15 most productive authors, patterns of communication in national and international journals. The study uses 27 years (1989–2015) publications data in dental sciences of India and other countries drawn from Web of Science international multidisciplinary bibliographical database.
Citation Analysis of Masters Theses in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Literature, Submitted to Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi (1990-1998)
Authors: Harande Yahya Ibrahim
Published: September 2023

A citation analysis was carried out taking data from 17 theses in Electrical and Electronic Engineering Submitted for the award of masters’ degrees in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University during the period of 1990-1998.A grand total of 373 citations were recorded in all the 17 theses from all kinds of literature formats. Journals and books were found to be cited heavily and more than other sources of information. Citations from journals were 43% and 40.7% from books. This finding shows clearly that journals and Books are the major sources of pertinent information for research by the Electrical and Electronic Engineers. Provision of these relevant materials in Nigerian Universities is hereby recommended for the use of the engineers in their researches.
Design and Development of Library Gateway: Special Reference to University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Authors: Maheswaran R.
Published: September 2023

The library professions are nowadays heavily involved in providing access to information through library websites and it is a challenge to design a website that has reliable content and a user interface that is easy and intuitive to those who use it. This article explains how we can develop University of Peradeniya Library website that also provides online services, searchable and browsable catalogues of Internet-based resources. This Library website provides online resources and often linked up with other relevant and related sites for more information on the same area. This paper describes how the University of Peradeniya Library gateway helpful to provide the services in the field of all the subjects related to the university. The service aims to provide a trusted source of selected, high-quality Internet information and also promote the electronic resources which result from research and teaching in the University of Peradeniya.
Internet Infrastructure and Governing Bodies: An International Perspectives
Authors: Paul P. K. , Bhuimali A. , Shivraj K. S.
Published: September 2023

Information Infrastructure is refers to the foundations and associations and concept responsible for the designing and development of information systems. The technologies have played an important role for information infrastructure and related affairs. Among the technologies, internet is most valuable. To control, manage, oversee ‘internet’—there are many foundations and associations working internationally and among these few important are ICANN, Internet Engineering Task Force, Internet Governance Forum, Internet Society, Regional Internet Registry. These organizations have valuable role for the development of the internet and similar systems. This paper is a kind of theoretical review highlighted many aspects of these organizations including their current and future roles. Paper describes the aspects in brief manner with current challenges.
News Paper Reading Habits among the Students of Arts Colleges in Madurai, Tamil Nadu: A Study
Authors: Swaminathan K. S. M.
Published: September 2023

Reading is primarily an intellectual activity of learning new things, developing new ideas and it provides a sense of completeness. The reading activity has always been seen as an important element in a person’s culture and education. In this paper it has been discussed about the newspaper reading habits among the Arts College students in Madurai. A total of 220 questionnaires were administered to the students, and 174 were received the response rate was 79%. From the analysis it was discovered that majority of respondents reading newspaper daily (66.09%) and time spent less than 30 minutes are 92 (52.87%) using library for newspaper reading.
Research Output Analysis on Robotic Technology: A Scientometric Study
Authors: Sadik Batcha M.
Published: September 2023

Robotics Technology is a fast growing field of research. Robotics is the branch of science that includes mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science and others. Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation, and use of robots. This paper assess the volume of research carried out by the scientists in world wide on robotic technology, their share of research to world literature in robotics, forms and language that they publish their results, quantum of their publications in terms of institutions involved in research in robotic technology, extent of international collaboration, etc. Data for this study was culled from the Web of Science. The period of study is from 1990 to 2016. Totally 3703 institutions resulted out the output of 5316 among them top 30 institutions’ output is noteworthy. The developing countries like USA, UK and Germany concentrate in the field of robotic technology. Yet Major portion of contribution (36.30%) is from USA. The journal articles are the key factors in sharing the research values among the researchers in the forms of articles which is amounted to be top (67.40%). The language preferred in exchanging research results is English (87.70%) followed by German. The prolific authors in the field of robotic technology are highly found from USA among them the contribution by Bloss R is appreciable. The citation counts seems to be high in the year 2015 which has recorded 11,000 citations.
A Study of Utilization on Web Based Resources for Women Scholars in Bharathiar University in Coimbatore
Authors: Mangayarkarasi A. , Sarangapani R.
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research is to empirically examine the impact of the utilization of web based resources on the organizational practices in research career of women scholars at Bharathiar University, Coimbatore (India). Thus the present study analyses to measure the satisfaction level of women scholar’s using the various web sources such as electronic databases, e- journal portals and e- books and examines the impact of technology on the women scholar’s research efficiency. Further the research to focus on the problems faced by women scholar’s while accessing the e- resources. The study is conducted through a structured questionnaire in five point Likert scale and simple random sampling method is adopted for collecting the data from various department women scholars in Bharathiar University.
دور الدليل الرقمي في تكوين عقيدة القاضي الجنائي
Authors:   أستاذ القانون الجنائي المشارك، قسم القانون، كلية الأعمال فرع رابغ، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, إدريس فضل
Published: September 2023

تناول هذا البحث موضوع دور الأدلة الرقمية في تكوين القناعة الشخصية للقاضي الجنائي، وهدف البحث إلى تحديد الإطار المفاهيمي للأدلة الرقمية والوقوف على مدى التنظيم القانوني لها وحجيتها في الإثبات في القانون السوداني للوصول إلى أفضل الضوابط والممارسات التي تساعد على استخدامها بصورة تساعد على حماية الفرد والمجتمع، استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي والمقارن من خلال الرجوع إلى المعلومات في مصادرها المختلفة. وتكمن إشكالية هذه الدراسة في مدى كفاية تنظيم القانون السوداني محل الدراسة للأدلة الرقمية؛ وإلى أي مدى تشكل هذه الأدلة قيداَ - على حرية القاضي الجنائي في تكوين قناعته لطبيعتها العلمية البحتة- و تحديداً على مبدأ افتراض البراءة. تم تناول الدراسة في مطلبين، المطلب الأول: مفهوم الدليل الرقمي والاقتناع القضائي للقاضي الجنائي، المطلب الثاني: القيمة التدليلية والقوة الإقناعية للدليل الرقمي في تشكيل عقيدة القاضي الجنائي. وخلصت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج، من أهمها: عدم وجود قانون خاص ينظِّم إجراءات أخذ الدليل الرقمي وتقديره في التشريع السوداني، باستثناء بعض النصوص المنظِّمة للأدلة العلمية وردت في قانون الإثبات وقانون الإجراءات الجنائية، اختلفت آراء الفقهاء وتباينت التشريعات في حدود سلطة القاضي التقديرية في تقدير الدليل الرقمي، يوجد تطور غير مسبوق في الأدلة العلمية يشكل تحديا وتهديداً على القناعة الذاتية للقاضي الجنائي. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة إصدار قانون خاص ينظم الأدلة الرقمية وإجراءات أخذها وتقديرها، وكل ما يتعلق بها في مرحلة الاستدلالات والتحقيق والمحاكمة، عدم تقييد القناعة الذاتية للقاضي الجنائي في تقدير الأدلة الرقمية، تبني سياسة جنائية وقائية لمواجهة الجرائم المعلوماتية، عقد اتفاقات بين الدولة بخصوص تبادل الخبرات والمعلومات المتعلقة بالأدلة الرقمية.
اقتصاد المعرفة ودورها في التنمية (مراجعة أدب الموضوع)
Authors:   ماجستير إدارة الأعمال التنفيذية، قسم علم المعلومات، كلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, الشهري عبد المنعم
Published: September 2023

يعد الاقتصاد المعرفي مفتاحًا لتطوير الدول النامية وتحقيق التنمية المستدامة، حيث يساعد على تعزيز الابتكار والإبداع والتنوع في الاقتصاد، وتعزيز القدرة على التكيف مع التحولات الاقتصادية العالمية. ولذلك، يعتبر الاستثمار في المعرفة والتعليم وتطوير الموارد البشرية من الأساسيات الضرورية لتحقيق التنمية المستدامة والنمو الاقتصادي. ويهدف هذا البحث إلى تحديد مفهوم اقتصاد المعرفة والتعرف على أهميته في المجتمعات الحديثة وكذلك توضيح دور اقتصاد المعرفة في التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية وايضا تحليل العوامل التي تؤثر على نمو اقتصاد المعرفة ومساهمته في التنمية المستدامة وتوضيح بداية ظهور موضوع اقتصاد المعرفة والمفاهيم المرتبطة بها وكذلك بيان لأبرز المؤتمرات وورش العمل والجمعيات العلمية التي تناولت اقتصاد المعرفة. وقد تم تحديد الفترة الزمنية للموضوع محل الدراسة بين عام 2000م-2020م، وتعتمد هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. وقد خرج البحث بعدة استنتاجات أبرزها ملاحظة اختلاف الإنتاج الفكري كماً ونوعاً باختلاف الفترات الزمنية التي تم تحديدها، حيث تم الاعتماد على قواعد بيانات أجنبية وعربية مختلفة، باستخدام محددات موضوعية متمثلة بالمصطلحات ذات العلاقة. وقد أوضحت الدراسة أن هناك قصور في الجهود البحثية التي توضح العلاقة بين اقتصاد المعرفة والتنمية بشكل مباشر، ومن ثم أوصت الدراسة بضرورة زيادة الجهود البحثية في ضوء المستجدات التقنية الحديثة، الأمر الذي يسهم في رفع أداء المنظمات والدول والوصول إلى مستويات عالية من الأداء وبالتالي الإبداع والابتكار الذي يؤدي في النهاية إلى تحقيق الاستدامة، كما لابد من الإشارة إلى ضرورة تحديث قواعد البيانات العربية وتطويرها لتواكب الحاجة المستمرة إلى الوصول للمعلومة في عصر يتسم بالتغير والتطور السريع.
Utilitarian heritage
Authors: Sapunova Marina , Borushkina Sofia
Published: September 2023

While modern heritage is often discussed as a critical resource for sustainable urban and social development, the future of such housing is often limited not by technical but rather by cultural, historical, or socio-economic constraints. In cities with a socialist past, mass housing provided individual apartments for a number of Soviet families and tended to create particular spatial qualities. However, with the collapse of the socialist system, attitudes towards such housing began to transform. This paper is a reflection on the range of perceptions of this heritage, attitudes towards it, and difficulties in shaping contextually informed renewal policy approaches. To what extent do traumatic experiences of the past and the rational use of resources in the present mutually influence each other? This article introduces the controversial debate based on the cases of three former socialist countries: Moldova, Armenia, and Uzbekistan. On the one hand, the ubiquity of mass housing in post-socialist countries fostered tolerance for such a typology. On the other hand, large housing estates are a constant reminder of the traumatic experience of the socialist experiment. This essay discusses the present and the future of large residential estates based on reports, policies, media, and collected expert interviews on approaches to working with mass housing areas. Together, the three contributions and joint reflections attempt to add to the debate about the past, present, and future of middle-class mass housing in various social, cultural, and political conditions.
Improving the Quality of Life and Sustainability for Middle-Class Mass Housing
Authors: AKKAR ERCAN MUGE , BECH-DANIELSEN CLAUS , ESTAJI HASSAN , GOYCOOLEA-PRADO ROBERTO , HAUMONT BERNARD , IOANNOU BYRON , NICOLAOU LORA , NUÑEZ-MARTÍ PAZ , SUBIC SANJIN
Published: September 2023

This article presents and discusses the results of the Stakeholder Workshop (Co) Designing for Quality of Life: Exploring Challenges and Opportunities, which was held at Middle East Technical University (METU) in Ankara in October 2022 in the framework of the COST Action CA18137 European Middle Class Mass Housing (MCMH-EU). The workshop aimed to discover the possibilities of participatory design as a tool to address the necessary updating of the housing complexes of the Modern Movement (MoMo). The workshop, which was conducted on a cooperative housing estate, namely Ümitköy Sitesi, Ankara, Türkiye (1970), was carried out in five groups with members of different nationalities, ages, and experiences. This article argues that the public and private strategies which were followed to rehabilitate these complexes by focusing on the technical problems (construction pathologies, energy inefficiency, accessibility, parking, among others) tend to neglect, even ignore, the diverse social aspects involved. As a group of participants of this workshop, the authors of this article consider the involvement of all parties (experts, residents, housing management cooperative, and municipality) in the improvement processes of such middle-class mass housing sites as the key instrument to make these neighborhoods more inclusive and sustainable. This article evaluates the Stakeholder Workshop’s co-design performance as an instrument to improve the Quality of life (QoL) and sustainability of the neighborhood. The critical analysis of the workshop results leads to several significant conclusions: Social aspirations do not always coincide with political and technical ones; technical rehabilitations are not sufficient for the total improvement of QoL and sustainability of communities; (Co-)Design may have to be approached from different perspectives and, consequently, have different results; citizens have a great potential to participate and contribute to the improvement of QoL with innovative ideas and actions of different scales. However, the socioeconomic diversity of the inhabitants and restrictive legislation are the difficulties to be considered.
Gotong (Men's Head Cover) for the Batak Simalungun Ethnicity
Authors: Damanik Ramlan , Sinaga Warisman , Sinulingga Jekmen
Published: September 2023

Writing this article is to reveal the rich meaning of the men’s head cover or gotong for the Simalungun Batak community. The use of gotong or head cover for men and what their meaning and function for millennials today, especially those living in urban areas, have a lack of understanding. Therefore, the author created this article to describe the history of gotong, the types of gotong and what the function and meaning of gotong for the Simalungun Batak ethnicity. This research uses a qualitative approach and descriptive method and uses semiotic theory by Charles Sanders Pierce and data collection is done by observation, interviews and literature study. As for data analysis, it was carried out of using data reduction, translation and drawing conclusions and suggestions. There were found 4 types of gotong namely gotong salalu or gotong parhorja, gotong dihar, gotong porsa and gotong potik/gotong somba. The functions of gotong as a head cover and also as a means of identity. The meaning of using gotong is as a symbol of maturity and being able to become a good leader and be responsible for the house that he leads as well as in community life.

Keywords: Ethnic Simalungun, Gotong and Semiotics
Nephrotic Syndrome with Utility of Homoeopathy
Authors: Aarathi Reddy Tummala
Published: September 2023

Nephrotic syndrome means that kidneys are not functioning properly. This causes too much proteins to be excreted. Excess protein in urine is called as Proteinuria. Low Levels of protein in the blood is termed as “hypoalbuminemia”. Homoeopathy works wonder in treating the cases of Nephrotic syndrome.

Keywords: Nephrotic syndrome, Homoeopathy, Kidneys, Protein, Urine, Albumin, Excess
Posterior Ear Canal Reconstruction by Autologous Cartilage and Flaps in One Stage
Authors: Mokbel Khalefa Khaled M
Published: September 2023

Background: Reconstruction of the posterior canal wall should be planned by the surgeon in canal wall down mastoidectomy to prevent the resulting cavity that is prone to recurrent infection. The surgeon should choose the type of grafts either autologous, homologous or allografts. Furthermore, the surgeon should decide whether to do immediate reconstruction or delayed one.
Methods: In this study, the ridge was reconstructed at the same time of mastoidectomy by autologous tissues. We used conchal cartilage graft vascularized by pedicled perichondrial and periosteal flaps. The study included 48 patients (32 males and 16 females) with age ranged from 18-55 years. All patients were with unilateral chronic suppurative otitis media with persistent discharge. They had been operated at our tertiary hospital between Jan. 2012 to march 2014
Results: Successful reconstruction was obtained in all cases with no dehiscence, necrosis or canal stenosis
Conclusion: The use of composite conchal cartilage with perichondrial and periosteal flaps in repair of the ridge is highly efficient. The presenting study recommends doing this repair at the same operative time concomitantly with canal wall down mastoidectomy

Keywords: Mastoidectomy, Cholesteatoma, Cartilage graft, Perichondrium, Periosteum, flaps.
A Study to Assess the Adjustment Problems and Their Coping Strategies Among Working Mothers in Selected Areas of Sikar
Authors: KK Ajith.
Published: September 2023

Background: A descriptive study was conducted to assess the adjustment problems and their coping strategies among working mothers in selected areas of Sikar, Rajasthan. A total sample of 60 working mothers were selected using simple random sampling technique. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of adjustment problems and coping strategies used among working mothers and to find out the correlation between the level of adjustment problems and level of coping strategies used, to find out the association between the level of adjustment problems among working mothers with their selected demographic variables. The final objective was to find out the association between the level of coping strategies used among working mothers with their demographic variables.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive design was adopted for the study. A sample comprising of 60 working mothers were enrolled using the simple random sampling technique. The conceptual framework used in the study was based on Ludwig von Bertalanffy’s General System Model.
Results: Data analysis were done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings of the study revealed that the mean score for severe adjustment problems was 20.29 ± 1.19, that of those with moderate adjustment problems was 15.05 ± 1.17, and that of those with mild adjustment problem was 7.79 ± 0.89. Most to the samples 38.33% (23) had inadequate coping strategies while 36.67% (22) had moderately adjustment coping strategies and 25% (15) had adequate coping strategies. The mean score for inadequate coping strategies was 57.49 ± 7.64, that of those with moderately adequate coping strategies was 95 ± 5.45, and that of those with mild adjustment problem was 111.27 ± 6.64. There is a negative correlation between the level of adjustment problems and the level of coping strategies used among the working mothers. This means that as the level of coping strategies increased the level of adjustment problems decreased among the working mothers. There was no association between level of coping strategy and level of adjustment problems with selected demographic variables.
Conclusion: The findings of the study confirmed that as the level of coping strategies increased the level of adjustment problems decreased among the working mothers.

Keywords: Adjustment problems, coping strategies, working mothers.
Factors Associated with Occupational Ergonomics and Health Risk Among Public Vehicle Drivers in Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Singh Dip Bahadur , Neupane Prem Prasad , Singh Jeni
Published: September 2023

Background: Driving is common in Kathmandu, vital for livelihood. Driver safety is crucial. Ergonomics create safe workspaces. Weather, traffic, risky behaviours cause accidents. Ergonomic mods reduce injuries, promote safety for all. Address driver health issues for a healthier transportation system. The prevalence of low back pain (LBP) was high at 73.9%. LBP was significantly associated with work duration exceeding 10 years, working more than 8 hours per day, and having more accidents while driving the bus in the previous year. Among ergonomic risk factors, individuals who reported discomfort with seats and steering wheels had a significantly higher LBP prevalence.
Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional design assessed ergonomic factors and health risk among public vehicle drivers in Kathmandu Valley. Study covered three districts (Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur) for accessibility and diverse vehicles. Time Duration: Bhadra 2077 to Ashadh 2078. Study. Public drivers aged 20 to below 60 years, with at least two years' experience. This are the primary data from a structured questionnaire whereas the sample size were 394 drivers calculated with 95% confidence interval and 5% marginal error. And convenience and purposive sampling technique was applied the data were collected by Face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire on socio-demographics, economics, occupation, environment, workload, and health risk factors.
Findings: Within the last year, respondents experienced ergonomics-related health risks: fatigue (27.7%), LBP (22.5%), body ache (10.9%), shoulder pain (7.1%), neck pain (5.3%), MSD (4.8%), and RTA injuries (4.8%). Other health issues observed were respiratory problems (9.6%), gastritis (10.1%), headache (8.1%), blood pressure-related problems (4.8%), blood sugar issues (3.6%), and Covid-19 impact (1.5%). Overall, 4.96% reported health problems, with 0.39% requiring hospitalization during that period.
Conclusion: Overall, the study found associations between certain factors (e.g., alcohol, speed, work hours, route duration, seat comfort, height-adjustable seat, foldable seat) and health risks (severe injuries, hospitalization after RTA, sleeping disorder, mental stress, body ache, fatigue, LBP, neck pain, MSD).

Keywords: [Ergonomics, Occupational Ergonomics, Public Vehicles, Health Risks.]
EXPERT SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSING CAT DISEASES USING FORWARD CHAINING METHOD ON TELEGRAM BOT
Authors: Aprianto A’inur Kholiz , Ipung Permadi  , Bangun Wijayanto
Published: September 2023

Cats are one of the popular pets kept in Indonesia. On the other hand, there is a potential risk of disease transmission from cats to humans. This research builds an expert system for diagnosing cat diseases based on the symptoms experienced using the forward chaining method. The expert system consists of two main components: the development environment and the consultation environment. In this study, these two components of the expert system are separated into two different platforms. The development environment runs on a website platform, while the consultation environment operates on a Telegram bot platform. System development uses the Expert System Development Life Cycle (ESDLC) development model. This model has six stages, namely, the assessment stage, the knowledge acquisition stage, the design stage, the testing stage, the documentation stage and the maintenance stage. As a result, it assists the general public in performing initial diagnoses of cat diseases.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF WEB-BASED APPLICATION CANGKINGAN USING SCRUM METHOD
Authors: Alim Khori Sahirul , Ekowati Nur Alfi , Kisworini Rianti Yunita , Riyandari Lutvi
Published: September 2023

The web-based application can ease business owners on promoting and giving the services to the customers. Nevertheless, nowadays there are still not many UMKMs (micro, small, and medium enterprises) in the Banyumas Regency that apply it. Many of them still preserve the conventional way by doing the transaction directly. This research is aimed to design and develop a web-based marketplace application, namely Cangkingan. That application is supposed to help UMKMs in Banyumas in managing inventory, processing orders, and marketing culinary products online. The outline of this research flow includes needs analysis, system design, system development, and system testing. The methods of data collection that are used are interview, observation, literature study, and questionnaire. The application design is created in various diagrams and user interface designs. The method of system development is scrum. This design and development are done within 10 sprints in which each sprint is held for two weeks. The application is built using MySQL, CodeIgniter framework, and PHP language. Testing of Cangkingan system is carried out using the ISO 9126 standard which consists of testing functionality, usability, reliability, efficiency, portability, and maintainability. The test result on most of the test aspects state that the application is satisfactory (good). Especially for the usability testing that is done to 36 respondents, Cangkingan gets excellent result. This test result is one of the proofs that the research purpose has been achieved and the application Cangkingan that has been developed is able to help the UMKMs with culinary products in Banyumas.
ACCELERATION OF LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE EDUCATION SECTOR USING THE LOW CODE CONCEPT ON MICROGEN
Authors: Ega Wachid Radiegtya  , Daniel Hasiholan Tinambunan  , Rido Dwi Kurniawan  , Richardus Eko Indrajit
Published: September 2023

The background of this research is to speed up application development which tends to take a long time. To respond this, researchers apply the concept of "Low-Code" referring to a software development approach by speeding up the manufacturing process by reducing the amount of code that needs to be written manually to be automated using the microgen platform. This research was tested on a case study of the development of a Learning Management System, making it faster and more efficient. System development used in this study is System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method, which is a software development process model that is carried out in stages according to the existing mechanism. The backend created for this Learning Management System, uses the Microgen generator backend platform to automate the creation of the GraphQL API, and the database which is then consumed by the frontend which is the interface for the Learning Management System. This research resulted in a better understanding of how using automation tools like Microgen able to speed up the learning management system web development process. The research model with development (R&D) applied in this study uses a systematic model that requires each process to be fulfilled sequentially starting from the first stage to the final stage to produce a product and determine feasibility through product validation being developed. By adopting this automation approach, the previously time-consuming time required to generate the backend can be significantly reduced. Thus, the result is greater efficiency in Web Learning Management System development, savings in human resources, and better opportunities to respond to changing market or user needs.