bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da viscosidade do amido de milho (Zea mays) oxidado para a industria de papel e celulose
Authors: Santos Jonathan Leão dos , Castejon Leticia Vieira , Reis José Flávio dos
Published: January 2025

Do milho é extraído o amido, conhecido como amido de milho (Zea Mays). É um pó fino, branco, inodoro, insípido e produz ligeira crepitação quando comprimido com os dedos. O amido e uma substância de reserva em plantas, é formado de amilose e amilopectina. Tem uma grande aplicação na indústria em geral, principalmente na indústria de papel e celulose. O amido oxidado surgiu da necessidade específica da indústria que não podia ser atendida como o uso do amido “in natura”. O presente trabalho objetivou-se em avaliar a viscosidade durante o processo de reação de amidos de reprocesso e não reprocessados quanto a dosagem de químicos em especial NaClO. Após condução do processo de oxidação dos amidos de milho em 4 tanques com 9,5% de sólidos padronizados, verificou-se pequena variação no teor de proteína, a qual retarda a reação de oxidação dos amidos, os parâmetros de percentuais de soda e cloro livre se mantiveram dentro dos parâmtetros respectivamente de, 4 a 6% de soda e 11 a 13% de cloro livre.  A menor viscosidade determinada em viscosímetro RVA determinada foi de 189 cP e a menor temperatura de empastamento foi 74,35ºC, com menor tendência a retrogradação. O controle das condições de oxidação, como teor proteico, concentração de hipoclorito de sódio, temperatura e pH, é crucial para alcançar as modificações desejadas nas propriedades dos amidos. As variações nas viscosidades das amostras e suas tendências à retrogradação fornecem informações valiosas para a aplicação industrial de amidos modificados.
A new potential of sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4
Authors: Akatyev Nikolay , Kenzhegalieva Roza , Khapiyeva Meruyet , Uzakbay Gauhar , Talapova Aruzhan , Vardanyan Ruben
Published: January 2025

The present study investigates the inhibitory properties of sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQ2SNa). Weight loss measurements, electrochemical tests, and metal surface analysis were carried out in this study to evaluate the adsorption behavior of the compound and its influence on the corrosion rate of carbon steel in 0.5 mol dm-3 H2SO4 solution. Density functional theory DFT/B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) and molecular dynamic simulation (MD) were applied for theoretical studies to evaluate the inhibiting effect and understand the mechanism of interaction of inhibitor molecules with Fe (110) surface. It was found that the inhibition efficiency of AQ2SNa in 0.5 mol dm-3 H2SO4 solution reached up to 94.44 % at the maximum concentration (0.5 g dm-3). Thermodynamic parameters show that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic, suggesting the conformance of strong interactions between inhibitor and metal surface according to the Langmuir adsorption model. The spontaneous physisorption (ΔG0ads ˃ -20 kJ mol-1) of the inhibitor molecules led to high efficiency. Analysis of dynamic polarization curves showed that AQ2SNa acts as an inhibitor of a mixed nature. The results also indicate that AQ2SNa significantly increases the contact angle, indicating increased hydrophobicity due to the formation of a stable film on the metal surface. Theoretical parameters were compared to experimental data. The results highlight the novel potential of AQ2SNa as an effective corrosion inhibitor to provide an effective solution for enhancing the protection of carbon steel in acidic media.
Impacto de la Inteligencia Artificial en los Procesos de Ciberseguridad en la seguridad industrial. Revisión narrativa
Authors: Espinoza-Ortega Marcos Gerardo , Quevedo-Sacoto Andrés Sebastián
Published: January 2025

La inteligencia artificial (IA) está revolucionando la industria en el ámbito de la ciberseguridad, ya que ayuda a proteger las infraestructuras críticas de las nuevas amenazas que día a día tienen nuevas formas de atacar. Este artículo destaca la información recolectada en las bases de datos como Pubmed, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, SpringerLink y Google Academic aplicando criterios de elegibilidad. La propuesta consiste en analizar el impacto de la inteligencia artificial dentro de los procesos de ciberseguridad en el ámbito industrial, el mismo que revisa las principales técnicas de inteligencia artificial que son el aprendizaje supervisado, el aprendizaje no supervisado, las redes neuronales complejas y el aprendizaje por refuerzo, y explica cómo estas tecnologías logran superar la barrera que representan, en la gran mayoría de casos, las técnicas tradicionales, sobre todo en la detección de ataques nuevos o recurrentes, entre lo más significativos están la reducción falsos positivos y automatización de tiempo real respuestas. Esto no solo proporciona mayor protección, sino que también mejor la eficiencia del personal a cargo de resguardar los sistemas industriales, a pesar de aun presentar grandes desafíos como la cantidad de datos necesarios, el costo de las tecnologías, así como procesos de capacitación a los responsables del área.
GOLD NANOPARTICLES: FROM SYNTHESIS THROUGH FUNCTIONALIZATION TO BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS - REVIEW
Authors:   Babeş-Bolyai University, UJICA Madalina Anca , DOBROTA Cristina-Teodora ,   Babeş-Bolyai University, TOMOAIA Gheorghe ,   Academy of Romanian Scientists; Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy;, MOCANU Aurora ,   Babeş-Bolyai University, ROSOIU Cristina-Lavinia ,   Babeş-Bolyai University, MANG Ionel ,   Babeş-Bolyai University; Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, RAISCHI Viorica ,   Babeş-Bolyai University, TOMOAIA-COTISEL Maria ,   Academy of Romanian Scientists; Babeş-Bolyai University;
Published: January 2025

This review presents a comprehensive analysis of current research on gold nanoparticles (GNPs), encompassing their synthesis, characterization and applications in cancer therapy. GNPs are synthesized through various chemical and biological methods, each contributing to their significance in diverse applications. Cytotoxicity plays a critical role in determining their practical utility, with distinct considerations depending on the context: in medical applications, high biocompatibility with living normal cells is essential, while in targeting pathogens and cancer cells, inducing apoptosis is desirable. Thus, optimizing the concentration of GNPs for each specific application is of paramount importance. Additionally, this review highlights the characterization techniques for GNPs, their functionalization using biomolecules, and their subsequent applications in cancer therapy, emphasizing their potential in advancing therapeutic strategies.
THE INFLUENCE OF PLANTS ON THE MICROBIOME IN PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
Authors:   Deniplant-Aide Sante Medical Center, Biomedicine, Bucharest, România, GIURGIU Gheorghe , COJOCARU Manole ,   Titu Maiorescu University, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest, România; Academy of Romanian Scientists, SINIȚCHI Georgeta ,   Atopy Allergological Medical Center, Iași, România
Published: January 2025

Background It is now evident that the gut microbiota has a profound effect on the host immune system. The interactions between the gut microbiota and host immunity are complex, dynamic and context-dependent. The gut microbiota and its metabolites have been shown to influence immune homeostasis both locally and systemically. Bacterial contents such as lipopolysaccharide and bacterial antigens can induce a systemic inflammatory environment. The biggest question in the field is whether inflammation causes gut dysbiosis or dysbiosis leads to disease induction or propagation.
Objectives To demonstrate role of plants in the management of disfunctional immune responses. The direct modulation of gut microbiome that could diminish chronic inflammatory responses and ameliorate adaptive immune responses is major pathway to stabilize autoimmune diseases.
Materials and methods Recent reports indicate that dysbiosis is increased in autoimmune diseases. Plant modulation of the immune system can also have a role in the autoimmune disease, acting to reduce or delay the onset of immune-mediated diseases. Ongoing research in this field will ultimately lead to a better understanding of the role of diet and plants in chronic inflammation in patients with autoimmune diseases.
Results Plants may restore the composition of the gut microbiome and introduce beneficial functions to gut microbial communities, resulting in amelioration or prevention chronic inflammatory responses.
Conclusion The gut microbiota is considered to be a master regulator of immune homeostasis. Besides modifying the gut microbiota, plants modulate the immune system in patients with autoimmune diseases.
Descent Spectral Versions of The Traditional Conjugate Gradient Algorithms with Application to Nonnegative Matrix Factorization
Authors:   “Semnan University”, Semnan, Iran, DARGAHI Fatemeh , BABAIE–KAFAKI Saman ,   “Semnan University”, Semnan, Iran, AMINIFARD Zohre ,   “Semnan University”, Semnan, Iran
Published: January 2025

Despite computational superiorities, some traditional conjugate gradient algorithms such as Polak–Ribiére–Polyak and Hestenes–Stiefel methods generally fail to guarantee the descent condition. Here, in a matrix viewpoint, spectral versions of such methods are developed which fulfill the descent condition. The convergence of the given spectral algorithms is argued briefly. Afterwards, we propose an improved version of the nonnegative matrix factorization problem by adding penalty terms to the model, for controlling the condition number of one of the factorization elements. Finally, the computational merits of the method are examined using a set of CUTEr test problems as well as some random nonnegative matrix factorization models. The results typically agree with our analytical spectrum.
Antibacterial Susceptibility Patterns of Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli among Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Jaipur
Authors:   Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology, KUMAWAT Supyar , MAMORIA Ved Prakash ,   Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology, SHARMA Richa ,   Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology
Published: January 2025

Introduction: In recent decades, infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii have also occurred outside the intensive care unit (ICU), affecting patients with comorbidities in the community. Most of the nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) cause nosocomial bloodstream infections, particularly in debilitated and immunocompromised hosts. Our study aimed to find out the antibacterial susceptibility patterns of NFGNB isolates in the clinical samples. Materials and methods: The study included all NFGNB isolates from various clinical samples that the clinical microbiology laboratory received from inpatients and outpatients at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Routine microscopy of samples was done. We performed Gram staining on all samples, with the exception of urine. We inoculated all clinical samples on blood agar and MacConkey agar, then incubated them at 37°C for 18-24 hours. Colony characteristics were observed. All organisms that generated pale or colorless colonies on MacConkey agar and exhibited Gram-negative bacteria upon Gram staining of the colony were classified as non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) and subsequently identified using the VITEK-2 compact system. Results. We identified 879 NFGNB isolates from a total of 10,707 clinical samples. Of these, 415 (47.21%) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 378 (43.2%) were Acinetobacter baumannii. The majority of isolates were from males in the age group of 61-70 years (13.76%), followed by the age group 41-50 years (12.85%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most commonly isolated from pus swab (13.42%), and Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated most commonly from endotracheal secretions (21.4%). Conclusions. Increasing antibiotic resistance will lead to challenges in managing all NFGNB unless appropriate measures are implemented and novel medications are developed. In order to prevent the spreading of resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter strains, infection control measures should be taken, clinicians and laboratory workers should cooperate during antibiotic use, and hospital hygienic rules should be observed.
Cross-sectional Study on Suicide in People of Hungarian and Romanian Nationality in Bihor County, Romania
Authors:   University of Oradea, SCHWARZ-MADAR Andrada , CAMARASAN Andreea ,   University of Oradea, OROS Razvan ,   University of Oradea, VILCEANU Narcis ,   University of Oradea, JUDEA-PUSTA Claudia ,   Bihor County Medico-legal Service, BUHAS Camelia ,   University of Oradea
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Data provided by the “Mina Minovici” National Medico-Legal Institute Bucharest (Romania) demonstrate that most suicidal acts occur in Bucharest, followed by Satu Mare County and Harghita County. According to the 2021 census, more than one-fifth of Bihor County’s population is of Hungarian ethnicity. Material and methods: We conducted this study to compare suicidal acts between Romanians and Hungarians. Data were collected from the Bihor County Medico-Legal Service over a time interval from August 1, 2022, to July 31, 2023. Results: We found that most suicidal behaviors occurred in men, with an average age of 52 years. More than half of those who committed suicide were Hungarian. However, most women involved in suicidal acts were Romanian. Hanging was identified as the most common method of suicide. Conclusions: Although Hungarians represent only one-fifth of the total population in Bihor County, the study indicates that this ethnic group is more susceptible to suicide compared to Romanians.
ANÁLISE DO PERFIL DAS INTOXICAÇÕES EXÓGENAS NO NORDESTE DO BRASIL ENTRE 2019 E 2023
Authors: Nery Wanderson da Silva , Silva Vinícius Diego Mendes , Sousa Iargo Franco Diógenes Urbano , Furtado David Guerra , Barros Gullit Vinicius Silva , Braga Maria Clarice de Carvalho , Braga Maria Alice de Carvalho , Silva Mariana Castelo Branco Andrade e , Mélo Antônio Vinícius Araújo , Muniz Élida da Silva , Nascimento Jeane Cristine Araujo , Andrade Maria Eduarda Rodrigues de , Castro Stefany Kamilly de Azevedo , Pereira Filho João , Monteiro Thadeu do Lago Baratta
Published: January 2025

A intoxicação exógena é caracterizada por efeitos prejudiciais que causam desequilíbrio orgânico devido à interação de agentes tóxicos com o organismo. Este estudo analisou o perfil das intoxicações exógenas no Nordeste brasileiro entre 2019 e 2023. Trata-se de uma pesquisa retrospectiva, descritiva e quantitativa, com dados extraídos do Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), disponibilizados pelo DATASUS através da plataforma TabNet. Foram analisadas notificações de intoxicações em todos os estados da região entre janeiro de 2019 e dezembro de 2023. O estudo analisou as intoxicações exógenas notificadas na região Nordeste do Brasil entre 2019 e 2023, com um total de 183.494 casos registrados. O ano de 2023 apresentou o maior número de notificações (46.436 casos), enquanto o menor foi observado em 2020 (29.067 casos), período marcado pelo impacto da pandemia de Covid-19. Pernambuco liderou os números absolutos, porém estados como Rio Grande do Norte e Paraíba apresentaram maiores incidências proporcionais. Crianças de 1 a 4 anos foram o grupo mais afetado entre menores de 15 anos, enquanto adultos de 20 a 39 anos representaram o pico das notificações, associadas à exposição ocupacional e tentativas de autolesão. Os medicamentos foram o principal agente intoxicante, seguidos pelas drogas de abuso e intoxicações alimentares, refletindo o impacto da automedicação e do uso inadequado de substâncias. A análise mostrou que 76.622 casos estiveram relacionados a tentativas de suicídio, destacando o papel crucial da saúde mental. O estudo conclui que as intoxicações exógenas demandam políticas públicas específicas, abrangendo educação em saúde, uso racional de medicamentos, e ampliação do acesso a serviços de saúde mental, além de estratégias preventivas voltadas para diferentes contextos socioeconômicos e etários.
CRONONUTRITION IN THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE OLDER ADULTS: THE IMPACT OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM AND EATING PATTERNS ON HEALTH
Authors: Furtado Lucas de Alvarenga , Silva Junior Ronaldo Antonio , Sousa Natália Emilio de , Bittencourt Cristiane Dias , Braga Márcio Eduardo , Ribeiro Alan José , Naufel Maria Fernanda , Nunes Natália Abou Hala
Published: January 2025

Aging reduces plasticity and increases vulnerability. Chrononutrition, by aligning food intake with circadian rhythms, has the potential to enhance metabolic health and improve the quality of life in older adults. Objective: To evaluate the impact of different chronotypes on eating patterns and quality of life in older adults, identifying which chronotype is most associated with sustainable health, longevity, and quality of life, while correlating with a lower incidence of pathologies in this population. Methodo:This integrative literature review employed systematic search mechanisms in PubMed and SciELO databases, focusing on studies published between 2010 and August 2023. Keywords such as "Chrononutrition" and "Aging" were combined using the Boolean operator "AND." Inclusion criteria encompassed full-text studies addressing the relationship between chrononutrition and aging, published in English or Portuguese. Of the 25 articles initially identified, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Results: The analysis demonstrated that synchronizing meal timing with circadian rhythms positively influences metabolic regulation, immune function, and cognitive health in older adults. Evening chronotypes were linked to irregular eating patterns, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders. Conversely, consistent meal timing improved circadian alignment, reduced inflammation, and enhanced overall health. Antioxidant-rich diets and melatonin supplementation showed significant benefits in improving sleep quality and reducing oxidative stress, thus supporting healthy aging. Conclusion: Chrononutrition has been shown to reduce chronic diseases and improve both metabolic and cognitive health. Future studies should further investigate its mechanisms and applications in older populations to maximize its potential benefits.
The types of formality in legal transactions
Authors: Benelfakih Elarafi
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to identify and distinguish the types of formality in legal transaction and to determine the legal consequences of each category’s absence from such transaction. For this reason, this study relied on both the analytical descriptive technique, which involved reviewing jurisprudence and legal provisions, and the comparative method, which involved conducting horizontal comparisons of legal texts. This study concluded that the sorts of formality were not limited neither by law nor jurisprudence. This fact has led to inconsistent judicial rulings in addition to conflicting legal ramifications. Furthermore, due to the nature of the procedures it represents, the study discovered that a new category of legal formalities is reflected in the electronic format, which is defined by some specific features. It was concluded that a series of legislative acts is moving towards formal transactions for protectionist and financial goals and objectives. Therefore, a clear distinction should be established between the types of formality, their limitation, and the effects of each type, so as to make it easier for the judiciary to set up suitable effects when some legal transactions lack the required formality. Electronic formality should also be considered by legally regulating it due to its features
Forensic classification of military criminal offences and the place of abuse of power or authority by a military official
Authors: Kostiuk Ivan
Published: January 2025

The relevance of the study lies in the need to develop a forensic classification of military criminal offences, in particular, those related to abuse of power or authority by senior military personnel. This study aimed not only to improve the effectiveness of investigations, but also to provide legal protection for participants in military legal relations, which gives it significance in theoretical and practical contexts. The methodological approaches included comparative analysis, classification methods, and typology, which were used to divide military criminal offences into appropriate categories, types, and subtypes, considering their legal and forensic characteristics. As a result of the conducted research, several key conclusions were substantiated. Given the specifics of public relations in the military sphere, it was proposed to consider criminal offences against the established procedure for military service as a separate type of forensic classification. This type covers a wide sector of socially dangerous acts united by common generic features. Within the specified type, groups and forms of offences were identified, characterised by specific features depending on the object of illegal encroachment. When classifying the types of such offences, the emphasis was placed on a detailed structured form that reflects the specific features or conditions of committing a particular type of action. Highlighting the subtypes of criminal offences related to abuse of power or official authority by military personnel, attention was focused on the methods of their commission and socially dangerous consequences. This approach enabled a systematic study of the legal mechanism for committing military offences and their impact on the observance of discipline and the rule of law in the military environment. The results obtained contribute to improving the forensic classification of military criminal offences, which is important for their effective investigation and prevention
UMA ANÁLISE DO USO DO DIÁRIO ESCOLAR DIGITAL COM BASE NA TEORIA UNIFICADA DA ACEITAÇÃO E USO DA TECNOLOGIA 2
Authors: Pinto Edson de Freitas , Reis Antônio Ribas , Lopes Jerisnaldo Matos , Figueiredo Joabson Lima , Torres Thaís Pinto da Rocha
Published: January 2025

The research investigates the impact and acceptance of the Digital School Diary (DED) among teachers at the Dr. Pacífico Mascarenhas State School, in Minas Gerais, considering the management of innovation in the educational environment. Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2), the study aims to analyze how the DED contributes to the optimization of pedagogical work and identify the challenges faced by teachers. The qualitative and descriptive methodology involved structured interviews, analyzed using the Bardin method and supported by the ATLAS.ti software. The results show that most teachers recognize the practicality and efficiency of DED in administrative tasks, although infrastructure and connectivity difficulties are significant limitations for the full use of the tool. The research highlights the need for continuous improvements in training and technological infrastructure to maximize the benefits of the DED, proposing recommendations for educational managers and public policy makers.
Innovations in Healthcare Management That Foster Enhanced Patient Safety and Quality of Care
Authors: H Malathi , Sharma Aparna , Nitin B Jadhav , Ranjan Nayak Gyana , Ashok Kr Sharma
Published: January 2025

Making patients safer and improving the quality of the treatment received in hospitals depends on improvements in the way healthcare is run. These fresh concepts improve clinical outcomes and patient care by means of sophisticated technology, process optimisation, and data-driven tactics, thereby strengthening healthcare systems. This is so that healthcare systems, handling more patients and more complex clinical scenarios, may be Among the most significant developments are using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in decision-making. Accurate diagnosis, tailored treatment strategies, and proactive patient monitoring are therefore made feasible. By use of predictive analytics and artificial intelligence systems, one may identify potential hazards, therefore reducing errors and ensuring appropriate timing of action. Particularly in rural and underdeveloped regions, telemedicine has also altered a lot regarding the management of healthcare. By allowing physicians to interact with patients from far-off, telemedicine increases access to healthcare services and monitors patients. Electronic health records (EHR) have also streamlined handling patient information. this is in order that clinicians may additionally make higher decisions as they offer reliable, real-time access to clinical know-how, take a look at findings, and therapy guidelines. Another extensive development is the use of robotic systems in affected person care and healing procedures. These techniques significantly boom sufferers' healing periods via making treatments pretty specific, consequently lowering mistakes. While still making sure sufferers get the great treatment feasible, using robots for therapy and affected person tracking allows healthcare specialists to simplify their tasks. The usage of internet of things (IoT) devices, actual-time tracking systems additionally reveal patients' health constantly and notify healthcare body of workers at once need to something occur that might be elaborate. This reduces the dangers associated with responding too slowly and quickens remedy. These traits also are facilitating the cooperation of people from all backgrounds, which improves coordination of patient care, communication among healthcare specialists, and an extra all-encompassing method to affected person protection.
Well-being and Inequalities in Cuba. Study of Validity and Reliability of tests
Authors: Valdés Santiago Damian , Pañellas Alvarez Daybel , Ruiz Alexis Lorenzo
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The study of inequalities is a subject that concerns professionals, especially psychologists, whose objective is human happiness. In Cuba, there are many researches that analyze the subject from different perspectives. Well-being has not been “measured” from clinical indicators and, in turn, clinical studies have not sufficiently explored its relationship with inequalities - taking into account the heterogeneization and restructuring that has taken place in the Cuban social structure in the last five years.Methods: The study shared here was aimed at validating the application of 3 questionnaires (WHO-5, Ryff abbreviated and DASS-21) for the measurement of subjective well-being in Cuba. The tests were applied to a sample of Psychology students at the University of Havana. We estimate the reliability of the tests through Cronbach’s α and McDonald´s ω. Construct validity was check with confirmatory factorial analysis based on structural equations models. Focus groups were also conducted with these students.Results: The results showed that the abbreviated Ryff and DASS-21 are reliable and valid as a construct, and differentiated reports of well-being related to sex. Structural elements related to the country's economy, deterioration of public health, existing regulations or policies, and emigration were placed as sources of discomfort, differentiating their impacts in relation to the place occupied in the social structure.Conclusions: The abbreviated Ryff and DASS-21 showed good reliability and construct validity. Sociodemographic factors differentiate experiences of well-being, although they do not define them. The subjective qualification of well-being and the mediation of various psychological processes are emphasized. It is possible to train in well-being management tools. These results are important in the current national context because contribute to maintaining hope, impel us not to settle into “subjective management” and to take sides in political dynamics. They alert the need for articulation of the different branches of psychology.
Penyuluhan Regulasi dan Aturan Penggunaan Harta Waris dalam Hukum Islam Pada Kelompok Nasabah Prioritas Bank Rakyat Indonesia
Authors: Tiena Masriani Yulies
Published: January 2025

Indonesia, as a rule-of-law state (rechstaat), regulates the life of the nation and state based on law, as reflected in the provisions of civil law that govern relationships between individuals, including matters of inheritance. Inheritance distribution in Indonesia follows various legal systems, such as Islamic inheritance law, civil inheritance law, and customary law, each with different principles and rules. Inherited assets include a wide range of properties, such as movable and immovable assets, property rights, debts, money, businesses, and wills. In practice, the distribution of inheritance in Indonesia often involves an administrative process requiring a Certificate of Inheritance Rights (Surat Keterangan Hak Waris or SKHW) to verify who is entitled to inherit and the share each heir is entitled to receive. This study aims to educate the public, particularly customers of Bank Rakyat Indonesia, about inheritance law and the procedures involved. Additionally, the research highlights the crucial role of notaries as Land Deed Officials (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, PPAT) in the legalisation of inheritance ownership, particularly concerning the management of land certificates and other legal documents. Through community service conducted at the Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) branch in Central Semarang, this study educates the public on inheritance rights and the role of notaries in ensuring the legal validity of inheritance distribution in accordance with applicable laws. Indonesia's plural inheritance law system provides flexibility in choosing the applicable legal system, whether Islamic law, civil law, or customary law. In the case of disputes, notaries play a role in resolving conflicts by creating peace agreements, cancellation deeds, or waivers of claim deeds. This study is expected to help the public better understand inheritance law and the role of notaries in ensuring that inheritance rights are distributed fairly and legally in accordance with the prevailing laws.
The Essentials of Analytical Spectroscopy: Theory and Applications
Authors: Workman Jerome
Published: January 2025

This excerpt from The Concise Handbook of Analytical Spectroscopy, which spans five volumes, serves as a comprehensive reference, detailing the theory, instrumentation, sampling methods, experimental design, and data analysis techniques for each spectroscopic region.
IMPACT OF INLAND FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT SCHEMES ON LIVELIHOOD ASSETS OF FISHERMEN
Authors:   PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Dubany Uttej , Sailaja A. ,   PJTSAU, Khammam, Savitha B. ,   College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar
Published: January 2025

The study investigates the impact of fisheries development schemes on the livelihood assets of fishermen in Telangana, India, focusing on changes in natural, financial, human, and social capitals. Using an ex-post facto research design, data from 240 fishermen across six districts were analyzed, employing statistical methods like the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess changes. The results reveal significant positive transformations across all livelihood capitals: natural capital increased by 145.25%, financial capital by 84.82%, human capital by 75.24%, and social capital by 76.73%. These gains are attributed to expanded aquatic resources, enhanced market access, improved water availability, and effective training programs. The findings underscore the efficacy of fisheries development schemes in bolstering livelihood assets and fostering sustainable economic growth within Telangana’s fishing communities.
KNOWLEDGE STATUS OF MAIZE FARMERS ON FALL ARMYWORM (SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA): PROSPECTS FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   KSUAHS, Shivamogga, Sahana S. , Tanuja P. ,   KSUAHS, Shivamogga, Kalleshwaraswamy C. M. ,   KSUAHS, Shivamogga
Published: January 2025

The Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) has high capacity of biological and ecological adaptation. Fall Armyworm (FAW) can survive on more than 80 plant species, including maize. An attempt made to know the knowledge and factors influencing knowledge of maize farmers on FAW incidence in Davanagere and Shivamogga district of Karnataka in India. The findings of the study revealed that, majority of the farmers in Davanagere district had medium (57.50 %) to high (23.75 %) level of knowledge. whereas knowledge of farmers in Shivamogga district, 43.75 percent had medium knowledge followed by high (28.75 %). When it comes to overall knowledge level of the farmers nearly half of the farmers had medium (44.33 %) level of knowledge and one third of the farmers (33.75 %) had high level of knowledge on FAW. Knowledge index reveal that, FAW activity in different seasons and time was known to 81.09 percent, followed by knowledge about the identification and biology of FAW (49.37%), damaging symptoms of FAW (48.48 %) and Infestation of FAW at different stages of crop growth (47.50 %). Fewer farmers know about Management of Fall Armyworm (24.08 %) Therefore universities should give recent information about knowledge of FAW and imparts skill amongst farmers through trainings and method demonstration. Also, State Agriculture Department should promote and start Farmers Field School (FFS) regarding FAW on Maize.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFILE OF THE FARMERS OF BHALREGION AND THEIR ADOPTION OF PROBLEMATIC SOIL RECLAMATION PRACTICES
Authors:   AAU, Anand, Kalariya Bhautik S. , Gulkari K. D. ,   Krushi Vigyan Kendra, Arnej
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the relationship between the profile of farmers of Bhal region and their adoption of problematic soil reclamation practices. Using a simple random sampling method, data were collected from 160 farmers across selected talukas in Ahmedabad and Botad districts. The research employed an ex-post-facto design to analyze the impact of various factors on adoption practices. The results indicate that the majority of respondents were older, had primary education and possessed 11 to 20 years of farming experience. They belonged to joint families, held medium-sized land holdings and reported poor irrigation facilities. Extension participation was very low, while social media exposure was moderate. Respondents exhibited high scientific orientation, average knowledge of soil reclamation practices and a highly favorable attitude towards Soil Health Card (SHC). Additionally, high levels of risk orientation and innovation proneness were observed. Of the sixteen independent variables analyzed, only irrigation facility/status, extension participation, scientific orientation, knowledge about soil reclamation practices and risk orientation had a positive and significant influence on the adoption of reclamation practices. Conversely, all other variables did not significantly impact adoption. These findings provide valuable insights for designing targeted interventions to enhance the adoption of soil reclamation practices among farmers in the Bhal region.
UTILIZATION BEHAVIOUR OF FARMERS FOR INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   AAU, Anand, Ganvit Tanvi D. , Chandravadia K. U. ,   AAU, Anand
Published: January 2025

The present study was carried out in Vadodara and Kheda district of Gujarat state. From each district three talukas were selected as having a larger area under cultivation in which five villages selected randomly from each taluka. From each village randomly five respondents were selected for the study. Therefore, 150 respondents were selected for the study. The study aimed to understand the utilization behaviour of farmers for Information and Communication Technologies. The findings revealed that 60.00 per cent of the respondents exhibited medium level overall utilization behaviour towards ICTs. Additionally, the findings revealed that variables such as education, annual family income, occupation, extension participation, innovativeness and scientific orientation exhibited positive and highly significant correlation with utilization behaviour for ICTs. Similarly, family size, landholding and sources utilized by the farmers to learn the ICT tools showed positive and significant relationships with utilization behaviour for ICTs. Conversely, age and farming experience highly and negatively correlated with ICT utilization behaviour, while social participation showed a non-significant and positive correlation.
CONSTRAINTS AND STRATEGIC SUGGESTIONS FOR OVERCOMING BARRIERS IN THE ADOPTION OF PROBLEMATIC SOIL RECLAMATION PRACTICES
Authors:   AAU, Anand, Kalariya Bhautik S. , Gulkari K. D. ,   Krushi Vigyan Kendra, Arnej
Published: January 2025

Agriculture is vital to India’s economy, with over 54.60 per cent of its rural population dependent on it. The Bhal region in Gujarat faces significant challenges due to problematic soils, worsened by the Narmada canal project. This study investigates the adoption dynamics of soil reclamation practices among farmers in this region. Using a sample of 160 farmers, the research employs step-wise regression analysis to evaluate the influence of various factors on the adoption of reclamation practices, identifying key constraints and offering actionable suggestions. Findings reveal that irrigation facilities, extension participation, scientific orientation, knowledge, and risk orientation positively impact adoption, while age, education, experience and other socio-economic factors do not. The analysis shows that a combination of knowledge, risk orientation and irrigation facilities explain 37.10 per cent of the variation in adoption. Key constraints include high input costs, lack of organic matter and inadequate knowledge of practices. Suggestions include improving input supply, timely information dissemination and effective irrigation management. This research aims to enhance agricultural productivity and farmer livelihoods through informed policies and sustainable practices.
PERCEPTION ABOUT ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG THE POST GRADUATE STUDENTS OF STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   NAU, Navsari, Kumar Anil , Thakkar Mehul G. ,   NAU, Navsari
Published: January 2025

Entrepreneurship is a vital driver of economic growth, significantly contributing to wealth creation and employment generation. Despite initiatives from support organizations and entrepreneurship development centers, there remains considerable potential to make entrepreneurship a more attractive career option for students nationwide. For this transformation, the youth must shift from being ‘job seekers’ to ‘job creators.’ This is particularly relevant for students of Agriculture and Allied Sciences, who have ample opportunities to become “Agripreneurs” (Agri Entrepreneurs). Realizing this potential requires these students to develop a positive entrepreneurial mindset. Understanding the perception of entrepreneurship among postgraduate students is crucial for developing effective educational programs and support systems. This empirical research paper employs a descriptive cross-sectional research design, incorporating published theoretical literature and a communication approach, to examine the perception of entrepreneurship among postgraduate students in the Agriculture and Horticulture faculties at four State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) in Gujarat, India—a state renowned for its entrepreneurial spirit. Using simple random sampling, 300 postgraduate students were surveyed through a structured questionnaire. The results indicate that the surveyed students have a moderate perception of entrepreneurship.
ELECTRONICNATIONAL AGRICULTURE MARKET (e-NAM) PERFORMANCE SYMPHONY: A DYNAMIC APPRAISAL IN GUNTUR MARKET THROUGH VARIED STAKEHOLDER PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   ANGRAU, Guntur, Bandhavya Mallela , Singh Ashok Kumar ,   DRPCAU, Pusa, Shukla Gyan ,   BHU, Varanasi
Published: January 2025

In the study, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted using an ex-post facto research design to assess the performance of the National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) within the distinguished Guntur mandi of Andhra Pradesh. The selection of Guntur mandi was deliberate, considering its status as the foremost market in the state in terms of both trade volume and transaction value facilitated through e-NAM. This study involved the active participation of 100 stakeholders, and a meticulous appraisal index was crafted based on assessments provided by five key stakeholders: Farmers, Traders, FPOs, Commission Agents, and e-NAM officials. The appraisal index, calculated as the obtained score divided by the maximum obtainable score multiplied by 100, served as a quantitative measure for evaluating performance across four crucial e-NAM sub-indicators: Infrastructure, Quality Assurance, Transparency, and Market Information System. Through the collection of data via pretested interviewschedule, a discerning overview emerged, indicating that, on the whole, stakeholders rated e-NAM’s performance as good. It is noteworthy, however, that farmers attributed the lowest mean score to performance of e-NAM among all stakeholders. Among the sub-indicators, Market Information System garnered the highest score, underscoring its effectiveness, while Infrastructure scored the lowest, indicating areas requiring attention. The study posits strategic opportunities for enhancing e-NAM’s overall performance, with a particular emphasis on the imperative need for improvements in infrastructure and other pertinent sub-indicators to unlock their full potential.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFILE OF THE FARMERS AND THEIR ATTITUDE TOWARDS FAMILY FARMING
Authors:   AAU, Anand, Singh Pankaj , Patel M.R. ,   AAU, Anand
Published: January 2025

Agriculture plays a vital role in the Indian economy with over 58.00 per cent of the population dependent on agriculture as their main source of income. We can’t feed our population without the active involvement of farmers in family farming occupation. Our country is now facing a dual challenge of shrinking agricultural land and increasing population to feed. Inflation increases the cost of cultivation and ultimately reduces net income of the farmers so they remain in distress. In such a situation it becomes necessary to know the attitude of the farmers towards family farming and the relationship between their attitude and profile. The study shows that slightly more than two-fifths (41.67 per cent) of the farmers had a neutral attitude towards family farming. Out of fifteen independent variables nine variables had positive and highly significant, two variables had negative and significant two variables had positive and significant, two variables had a positive and non-significant correlation with the attitude of the farmers towards family farming.
DEVELOPMENT OF A KNOWLEDGE TEST TO EVALUATE FARMERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF CLIMATE-RESILIENT DAIRY FARMING PRACTICES
Authors:   NDVSU, Jabalpur, Thakur Pratiksha , Singh Ruchi ,   NDVSU, Jabalpur, Gour Shashi ,   JNKVV Jabalpur
Published: January 2025

India has held the title of ‘largest producer of milk in the world’ for decades. Adoption of climate-resilient dairy practices is of utmost importance in the present scenario of climate variability. The awareness and understanding of the farmers affect the adoption of mitigation practices to combat with impact of climate change. Hence, this study aims to assess the awareness of dairy farmers in selected four districts (stratified random sampling) of Madhya Pradesh, India towards climate-resilient dairy farming practices (n=160) and accordingly develop a knowledge test (n=60) on a five-point continuum. Study data revealed that a major proportion of dairy farmers come under a medium level of awareness score (14.15-19.60) i.e. 55 percent. The study’s additional findings showed that, out of the thirty seven items screened for knowledge of climate-resilient dairy practices, twenty two were ultimately chosen based on their difficulty levels, discrimination index, and point bi-serial correlation. The ‘Guttman split-half coefficient’ validated the final knowledge test on climate-resilient dairy production operations. Numerous researchers observed that insufficient access to information regarding climate change was a major contributing factor to the poor comprehension of the changing climate. This can be used by researchers to gauge farmers’ familiarity with ‘Climate-Resilient Dairy Farming Practices’.
CONTRACT FARMING AND ASSOCIATED PERCEIVED SOCIO-ECONOMIC REPERCUSSIONS: EVIDENCE FROM THE NORTHERN PART OF WEST BENGAL
Authors:   NAU, Navsari, Anand Basu , Pradhan K. ,   UBKV, Pundibari, Bhatt M. R. ,   NAU, Bharauch
Published: January 2025

This paper attempts to analyse the intra and inter-level relationships between the socio-economic profile of contract farmers and their perceived repercussions on employment generation and poverty reduction in the district of Coochbehar of West Bengal. An ex-post-facto research design has been taken in this study, and the data have been obtained from a hundred potato contract farmers as respondents from across ten villages through a purposive multistage random sampling method. In this study, the relationship between the nineteen predictor variables and the predicted variable- ‘perceived repercussions of contract farming on employment generation and poverty reduction have been analysed by some statistical tools such as Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicated that variables such as age (r = 00.221, p < 00.05), contract farming experience (r = 00.445, p < 00.01), personal possession (r = 00.205, p < 00.05), communication skills (r = 00.281, p < 00.01), and extension contact (r = 00.210, p < 00.05) were positively associated with the perceived repercussions. On the other hand, variables like annual family expenditure (β = -00.334, p < 0.05) and innovation proneness (β = -00.249, p < 00.05) had negative and contract farming experience (β = 00.482, p < 0.05) and communication skills (β = 00.311, p < 0.05) had positively contributed in case of characterizing the perceived repercussions of contract farming. The contract farming experience emerged as the strongest predictor, explaining 48.20% of the variations embedded with perceived repercussions of contract farming. These findings suggest that contract farming, particularly with increased experience and access to information, can be a viable pathway for improving livelihoods in the region.
IMPACT OF PRADHAN MANTRI UJJWALA YOJANA ON IMPROVING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF WOMEN
Authors:   Dr. RPCAU, Pusa, Behera Bijaylaxmi , Kumari Arunima ,   Dr. RPCAU, Pusa, Mallick Biswajit ,   OUA&T, Bhubaneswar
Published: January 2025

The core component of human growth solely depends on clean, structured, and efficient energy sources that ultimately affect economic growth. The present study delves into the impact of Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) in Bihar. It assessed how well the scheme had helped in rural areas to improve the living standard of rural women. A total of 100 women households from 4 villages of 2 blocks under Samastipur district were included in the study. The socio-economic status shows that 49 per cent of respondents were aged between 31-45 years having annual family incomes of 50000 to 100000. 55% of the respondents have 4 or fewer members in the family, 93 % of respondents possess one gas cylinder, with 97% have a gas stove with two burners. Most of the respondents performed the role of homemaker and farmer as their primary and secondary occupations. Considering the impact, the scheme had a medium impact on 61% of respondents followed by high on 29% and low on 10% of the respondents. Further, the factors affecting the impact level were analyzed through multiple linear regression to determine the variance on the dependent variable. R-square value 0.632 depicts that about 63% of the variance in impact is caused by the eleven factors combinedly. Among the factors, the age of the respondents, social participation, and family income are positively significant at 1 per cent level of significance (p<0.01), mass media exposure and education are positively significant, and the size of the family is negatively significant at 5 per cent level of significance (p<0.05). The research findings suggest that the sustainability of the yojana depends on the social and economic condition of the respondents even after it has good impact among the beneficiaries. So, government should take appropriate measures to improvise the purchasing power of the beneficiaries.