bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QR Sort: A New Non-Comparative Integer-Based Sorting Algorithm
Authors: Bushman Randolph
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we introduce a new stable, non-comparative integer-based sorting algorithm with an attainable linear time complexity, O(n). This approach utilizes the Quotient Remainder Theorem in conjunction with Counting Sort subroutines. This algorithm divides each input array element by a selected positive integer divisor, d, to generate representative remainder and quotient keys. We perform Counting Sort on the remain-der keys followed by the quotient keys. This method yields a time and space complexity of O(n + d + k/d), where k represents the difference between maximum and minimum array values. If we set the divisor, d, equal to the length of the input array, n, the complexity simplifies to O(n + k/n). As the length of the input array increases and the value of k remains constant, the time complexity converges to O(n). Our results indicate that our algorithm outperforms established integer-based sorting algorithms such as Counting Sort and Least Significant DigitRadix Sort with large input arrays. We present our methodology and comprehensive discussion of our results in the main body of the paper.
An improved modulation method for low common-mode current non-isolated series simultaneous power supply dual-input inverters for new energy generation applications
Authors: Sun Jiaqi , Sun Haoran , Jiang Jiahui
Published: June 2023

Multi-input power supply systems are mostly used in the field of combined power supply of multiple new energy sources, and multi-input inverters play an important role in multi-input power supply systems, but multi-input inverters have the problem of common mode currents. This paper proposes an improved modulation method for a non-isolated series simultaneous power supply type dual-input inverter with low common-mode current for new energy generation applications. The design of a simulation circuit based on the corresponding dual-input inverter shows that this type of inverter can suppress the common-mode current below 30mA and has the advantage of low switching stress, providing an effective single-stage inverter solution for the combined power supply of multiple new energy sources.
Mathematical modeling to predict the compressive strength of eco- friendly pervious concrete modified with waste glass powder
Authors: Ahmad Soran Abdrahman , Rafiq Serwan Khwrshid , Hilmi Hozan , Unis Hemn
Published: June 2023

Due to the climatic change and increase the flood rick in many countries, the usage of pervious concrete has been increased as a solution of the water collecting in the underground, since its usage will be in the low loaded area the usage of waste materials to obtain eco-friendly pervious concrete is one of the challenges to the researchers. This article deals with the proposing mathematical model (Linear regression, non-linear regression and artificial neural network) to predict the compressive strength of pervious concrete modified with waste glass powder as partial replacement of cement. Based on the obtained result artificial neural network (ANN) provide higher accuracy and efficiency compare to linear regression (LR) and nonlinear regression model (NLR) since its scatter index value (SI) value lower than 0.1 and its coefficient of determination value (R2) higher than LR by 22% and 17% compare to NLR.
Optimal Transport-Based Volumetric Shape Clustering
Authors: Effland Alexander , Rumpf Martin , Verhülsdonk Jan
Published: June 2023

Clustering of data points in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space, i.~e. assigning each data point to exactly one group (cluster) in order to detect previously unseen relations within the data set, has become a standard task for (unsupervised) machine learning. In this paper, this concept is generalized to shape data consisting of three-dimensional volumetric objects. As the underlying distance on the space of such objects, the optimal transport-based Wasserstein distance is considered and different variants of such a clustering approach are presented and compared. To counteract an over-smoothing of the cluster center volumes a variational autoencoder representing these cluster centers is incorporated. Numerical experiments for three distinct, volumetric data sets are presented to validate the performance of the proposed methods.
A Survey on Aspect-Based Sentiment Quadruple Extraction with Implicit Aspects and Opinions
Authors: Zhang Hao , Cheah Yu-N , Alyasiri Osamah Mohammed , An Jieyu
Published: June 2023

Quadruple sentiment analysis is an essential task in aspect-based sentiment analysis that aims to understand people's viewpoints by analyzing four elements in text: category, aspect, opinion, and sentiment polarity. In recent years, quadruple sentiment analysis tasks have received extensive research attention for capturing comprehensive sentiment information in sentences. This paper focuses on the latest progress in quadruple sentiment analysis tasks. Additionally, the paper provides a summary of the application of methods based on pre-trained language models and datasets in quadruple sentiment analysis with implicit aspects and opinions. It discusses techniques for constructing more practical quadruple sentiment analysis systems in generative large model scenarios. The paper's final section outlines quadruple sentiment analysis research's current challenges and future directions. Moreover, the paper suggests that using advanced language models, such as ChatGPT, holds promise for improving the accuracy and efficiency of quadruple sentiment analysis. Overall, this paper sheds light on the importance of quadruple sentiment analysis and highlights opportunities for further research in this field.
The First Principle Calculation of the Properties of Aluminium and Gallium Using Density Functional Theory.
Authors: Enaroseha Omamoke O. E. , Oyibo Obed , Esi Oghenevovwero E. , Tuggen Edward O. , Nomuoja Jennifer A.
Published: June 2023

The theoretical calculations for the structural, thermodynamic, electrical and mechanical characteristics of aluminum and gallium were studied using ab initio principles. The Density Functional Theory (DFT) was used as the methodology, and it provides solutions to the Kohn – Sham equation. The elemental structures were obtained using Xcryden software, and the exchange correlation functions within the Perdew – Burke – Ernzerhof (PBE) functional were treated using the PAW pseudo – potentials and Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA). The results obtained from the ab initio calculations engulf that the structural properties of a(A), B(GPa), B’(GPa) and E(eV) for both elements studied. The parameters obtained for the mechanical properties C11, C12 and C44 were calculated for both metals. The elastic properties; G, B/G, E, µ, A and H were also calculated for both elements. The results obtained for aluminum shows the values of B, C’, C11, C12 and C44 are 45, 3.9, 50.20, 47.6 and 31 respectively. For gallium we obtained 47, 4.03, 52.373, 44.313 and 29.0 corresponding to B, C’, C11, C12 and C44 respectively.
Contact endoscopic surface vascular and epithelial morphology in leukoplakia and carcinoma of the vocal cords Contact endoscopy in leukoplakia and carcinoma of vocal cords
Authors: Pavlidis Pavlos , Tseriotis Vasileios Spyridon , Matthias Christopher , Katsikari Ioulia , Chatzinikolaou Aimilios , Gouveris Haralampos
Published: June 2023

Background: Leukoplakia is a macroscopic morphological term for thick white or grey mucosal patches that can represent various histologic diagnostic entities ranging from hyperplasia to malignancy. Aim was the study morphology of the superficial mucosa and microvascular network of the vocal cords in patients with suspected glottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) using contact endoscopy (CE).
Material and Methods Seventy-nine patients (21 female, 58 male), with a mean age of 57.5 years ± 7.12 (range, 32–73 years), were prospectively enrolled and evaluated.
Of these patients, 58 had leukoplakia (Group A/41 males and 17 females, with a mean age of 53.7 years ± 6.65), and 21 (Group B/ 17males and 4 females/ with a mean age of 60.5 years ± 6.04) had malignant lesions (pT1, n=6; p T2, n=8; pT3, n=8; Group B), as proven by the results of the histological examination. Further, 79 non-smokers (control group - group C) were studied. CE imaging findings were classified into five types (I to V) based on the features of the mucosal intra-epithelial capillary loops. CE findings were correlated to the histologic findings. A separate analysis involving smoking status was done.
Results: The CE-based intraepithelial papillary capillary loop classification score was strongly correlated with the histological findings. Age was strongly associated with both malignancy and bilateral involvement. Smoking habits didn’t significantly differ between patients with unilateral and bilateral SCC.
Conclusions: CE imaging of the vocal cord mucosal capillaries may be useful for the early detection of glottic SCC and pre-cancerous lesions.
The role of big data analytics in improving teacher training in developing countries: A literature Review
Authors: ABTEW ADMAS , Endebu Alemisa
Published: June 2023

The use of big data analytics is becoming increasingly prevalent in various fields, including education. This systematic literature review examines the role of big data analytics in improving teacher training in developing countries. The review synthesizes and analyzes the findings from 11 selected studies published between 2015 and 2023. The studies were identified through a comprehensive search of electronic databases, and they were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The findings of this review suggest that big data analytics has the potential to improve teacher training in developing countries. The studies reviewed provide evidence of the potential of big data analytics to improve teacher training, and highlight the various ways in which big data analytics can be applied in the field of education. The key findings of the studies suggest that big data analytics can be used to identify areas where teachers need additional support and training, evaluate the effectiveness of different training and teaching strategies, provide insights into student learning and performance, and inform evidence-based policies and decisions related to education. However, there are limitations to be considered, and further research is needed to fully understand the impact of big data analytics on education outcomes. The studies included in this review were conducted in different countries with different education systems, so the findings may not be generalizable to other contexts. Furthermore, most of the studies used a quasi-experimental design, which may be susceptible to bias and confounding factors. Additionally, the studies focused on specific interventions and strategies related to teacher training, so the broader impact of big data analytics on education outcomes is unclear.
IMPLIKASI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014 TERHADAP PERAN SENTRAL PENGEMBAN ADAT DI DUSUN SADE LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Rahmawati Nurlalili , Ishmah Fildzah Izzah
Published: June 2023

Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 memberikan legitimasi akan keberadaan desa adat. Dalam konteks kenegaraan, Salah satu unsur pembentuk Negara Indonesia adalah masyarakat hukum adat. Lebih dari itu pengemban adat di dusun Sade Lombok Tengah juga mempunyai peran penting dalam meningkatan taraf ekonomi masyarakat, karena berkaitan langsung dengan peningkatan kualitas hidup dan pemenuhan kehidupan sehari-hari bagi masyarakat. Pengembangan ekonomi salah satunya berasal dari pemanfaatan potensi pariwisata desa adat. Pengembangan pariwisata desa adat, juga harus disesuaikan dengan kondisi alam dan masyarakat, agar keasliannya tetap terjaga dan tidak merusak kearifan ekonomi lokal, yang menjadi ciri khas utama. Peningkatan taraf ekonomi suatu masyarakat, tidak bisa hanya bergantung kepada kemampuan dan inisiatif masyarakat adat saja, tetapi harus didukung oleh pemangku adat dan kepala desa adat yang menjadi figur utama untuk didengarkan serta ditaati. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi yang diinisiasi oleh pemangku adat agar dapat mengoptimalisasi kualitas taraf ekonomi. Serta harus adanya analisa mendalam terhadap faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan, maupun penurunan kualitas taraf ekonomi masyarakat melalui desa wisata.
Do machines dream of atoms? Crippen's logP as a quantitative molecular benchmark for explainable AI heatmaps
Authors: Rasmussen Maria H. , Christensen Diana S. , Jensen Jan H.
Published: June 2023

While there is a great deal of interest in methods aimed at explaining machine learning predictions of chemical properties, it is difficult to quantitatively benchmark such methods, especially for regression tasks. We show that the Crippen logP model (J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1999, 39, 868) provides an excellent benchmark for atomic attribution/heatmap approaches, especially if the ground truth heatmaps can be adjusted to reflect the molecular representation. The “atom attribution from finger prints”-method developed by Riniker and Landrum (J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 2013, 5, 43) gives atomic attribution heatmaps that are in reasonable agreement with the atomic contribution heatmaps of the Crippen logP model for most molecules, with average heatmap overlaps of up to 0.54. The agreement is increased significantly (to 0.75) when the atomic contributions are adjusted to match the fact that the molecular representation is fragment-based rather than atom-based (the finger print-adapted (FPA) ground truth vector). Most heatmaps and the corresponding FPA overlaps are relatively insensitive to the training set size and the results are close to converged for a training set size of 1000 molecules, although for molecules with low overlap some heatmaps change significantly. Using the “remove an atom” approach for graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) suggested by Matveieva and Polishchuk (J. Cheminform. 2021, 13, 41) we find an average heatmap overlap of 0.47 for the atomic contribution heatmaps of the Crippen logP model. Like the simpler attribution benchmarks for classification tasks that have come before it, this work sets the bar for regression tasks.
STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG THE ELDERLY IN THE GCC: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors:   Joint Program of Preventive Medicine, Al-Ahsa, KSA., A. Alqarni Abdullrahman , J. Alramadan Mohammed ,   Population Health Management Unit, Community Wellbeing Department, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster,Al-Ahsa, KSA.
Published: June 2023

Physical activity (PA) has numerous health benefits for both physical and psychological well-being.However, physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle are associated with all-cause mortality, chronic non-communicable diseases, and falls in the elderly. Studies indicate that despite the efforts of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries to provide healthcare services, physical inactivity and associated health problems continue to rise in Arab countries, including those in theGCC states, with a high prevalence among adults, especially women.Objective of this review is to assess and summarize recommendations from clinical guidelines for PAin elderly. This review aims to identify successful strategies for improving PA among the elderly in the Arabian Gulf States by searching through peer-reviewed articles and grey literature. A lack of scholarly works on PA in the GCC countries, specifically among older people, makes the assessment of this phenomenon challenging. The persistence of physical inactivity among the elderly in the GCC states can be attributed to environmental and cultural factors, including a western medical model, urbanization, motorization, sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy eating habits, and lack of facilities and infrastructure to promote PA. The article recommends a multi-level strategy to improve PA participation among the elderly, including supervised regular exercise, self-reporting of aerobic routines, motivation counseling, and a healthy diet. Governments in the GCC should also address barriers to PA engagement at the intrapersonal, social, environmental, and policy levels, to enable the elderly to achieve and maintain good health and high quality of life. Identifying barriers to PA participation and adherence is crucial to formulating sustainable strategies to improve the physical performance of this group.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PELVIC BRIDGE EXERCISE ONDYSMENORRHOEA AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS AT SELECTED GOVERNMENT HIGHERSECONDARYSCHOOL,ATPUDUCHERRY
Authors:   DepartmentofObstetricsandGynecologicalNursing,SriManakulaVinayagarNursingCollege,Puducherry605107, India., Aswini R. , Valarmathi N. ,   Pgstudentinobstetricsandgynecologicalnursing,SriManakulaVinayagar NursingCollege, Puducherry, India., Muthamilselvi G. ,   Pgstudentinobstetricsandgynecologicalnursing,SriManakulaVinayagar NursingCollege, Puducherry, India.
Published: June 2023

Background: Menstrual pain has always been such abig problem forgirlseverywhere, dysmenorrheaoccurswithoutpelvicpathologyaffecting about 50% of women. It occurs more frequently in unmarriedwomen. Objectives:Toassessthe levelofdysmenorrheal amongadolescentgirls. -Toevaluatetheeffectivenessofpelvicbridgeexerciseondysmenorrheaamongadolescentgirls.-Toassociatethelevelofdysmenorrhea among adolescent girls with selected Socio demographicvariable. Researchdesignandapproach:QuantitativeapproachandPre-Experimental-One group pretest post-test design was adopted forthisstudy. The study was conducted at selected Government Girls HigherSecondary School, Madagadipet, Palayam.The sample size was 30. ThePurposivesamplingtechniquewasusedto selectthe subjects.Theintervention applied in this study was Pelvic bridge exercise, daily 2times perdayfor6daysperweekuptonextperiod. Result: The results showed the association between the post-test levelof dysmenorrheal and selected socio demographic variables, there was asignificant associationbetween the level of dysmenorrhea and selectedsocio demographic variables such as age in years (x2 =0.833). Age atmenarche(x2=0.536),FamilyType(x2=1.50),Familyincome(x2=2.72), amount of blood flow(x2=6.38) Regularity of blood flow(x2=6), Frequencyofcycle(x2=10.2)ofadolescentgirls. Conclusion:ThisstudyconcludesthatthePelvicbridgeexercisesignificantly reduced the level of dysmenorrheal among the Adolescentgirls.
RELATIONSHIP OF THE VERTICAL DIMENSION OF OCCLUSION WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF FINGER IN INDIVIDUALS OF KERALA POPULATION - A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   (MDS Prosthodontics), Senior Resident, Department of Dentistry, N.S.C.B. Medical College Jabalpur., Kumar Uikey Arvind , Raj Indu ,   (MDS Prosthodontics),PhD, Professor and HOD, Government Dental College Kottayam., Anilkumar S. ,   (MDS Prosthodontics), Controller of Examinations, Kerala University of Health Sciences., A. Harinee ,   (MDS Prosthodontics), Senior Resident, Government Dental College Kottayam., S. Senbagavalli ,   (MDS Prosthodontics), Assistant Professor, Adhiparasakthi Dental college andhospital Melmaruvathur., Sudarsanan Shruti ,   (MDS Pedodontics), Post graduate, Government Dental College Kottayam.
Published: June 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to find out the correlation of vertical dimension of occlusion with anthropometric measurements of finger in individuals of kerala population, which can be used as future reference of the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and hence can be used to determine VDO in edentulous patients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics, Govt. Dental College, Kottayam, kerala, India. A total of 240 dentate subjects of age range 20 to 40 years were included for this study.Anthropometric measurements of VDO, length of index finger, length of little finger and distance from tip of thumb to tip of index finger of right hand was recorded clinically using modified digital vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 mm. For all the parameters of this study mean, standard deviation and range was calculated. Correlation was studied using Pearson Correlation Coefficient method (whendistribution was normal).Spearman correlation was used when distribution was not normal. Results: In males, correlation ofVDO was strongest for the parameter - length of index finger (r-0.659). In females correlation of VDO was strongest for the parameter - length of little finger (r-0.723). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, the result shows that the index finger and little finger can be used as an adjunct for determining the VDO in edentulous male and female patients respectively.
AWARENESS OF CONTRACEPTION USE AMONG FEMALES IN RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA
Authors:   Family Medicine Resident, King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Fahad Ali A. Alsahli , Abdulkarim Abdullah A. Alzahrani ,   Family Medicine Resident, King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Meshal Mosaeed S. Gabish ,   Family Medicine Resident, King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Sultan Saleh S. Albalawi and ,   Family Medicine Resident, King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Areej Atiah M Alzhrani ,   Family medicine consultant, Ministry of health Cluster 1, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Published: June 2023

Background:Over the past few decades, there has been a remarkable increase in the general population awareness regarding the usage of contraception. effective strategies should be implemented to raise awareness of the appropriate use of contraceptives among Saudi population. Study aim: This study aims to assess the level of awareness of contraceptive use among females and male participation in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A quantitative approach was utilized, with a cross-sectional design. The participants was selected through convenience sampling from Riyadh. The data was collected through an online self-administered questionnaire consisting of four sections: demographic characteristics, awareness and attitudes towards contraceptive methods, contraceptive use and male participation, and access to contraceptive services. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results:The study included 503 participants, 39.6% of them were 31- 40 years old. 80.7% of participants used contraceptives before (75.6% of them used oral pills, 41.9% used IUD, and 32.3% used condoms). 46.6% used contraception always, 30.8% a lot, and 21.4% use it scarcely. 31% of study participants have good awareness score, 55.7% have moderate awareness, and 13.3% have poor awareness. Also, 17% of participants have weak perception score, 20.2% had moderate perception, and 62.8% had good perception scores. Conclusion:The study illustrates low awareness and perception of contraceptives among studied females in Saudi Arabia. A significant association between awareness scores of participants regarding contraceptives with their age, educational level, marital status, job and monthly income. However, perception of contraceptives was not associated with any of the sociodemographic characters.
MALARIA CONTROLSTRATEGY ON INDONESIAN ARMY IN BORDER ENDEMIC MALARIA PAPUA AND PAPUA NEW GUINEA (CASE ON BORDER SECURITY TASK FORCE INFANTRY YONIF 713/ST, YONIT 300/R DAN YONIF 509 KOSTRAD IN AUGUST 2019-APRIL 2020)
Authors:   The Headquarter of Indonesia MilitaryPreventive Health UnitCilangkap Street, East Jakarta, Indonesia., Made Winarta I. , Yunis Miko Tri ,   Epidemiology Department, Public Health Faculty of Universities Indonesia, Building the 1st Floor,UI New Campus, Depok, Indonesia., Korib Sudaryo Mondastri ,   Parasitology Departmentof Universities Indonesia., a Agnes ,   Parasitology Departmentof Universities Indonesia.
Published: June 2023

Every year, 1350 TNI personnel are sent as a Security Task Force to the north sector of RI-PNG Border which is a malaria endemic area. The nine-month assignment allowed the soldiers to become infected with malaria, despite effective control measures being implemented.The aim of control is to prevent death and reduce the incidence of malaria. There are three control strategies according to the TNI technical guidelines: i) Anopheles vector control. ii) Vector mapping in postal environment. iii) Early case management and treatment.Rapid diagnosis test (RDT), Primaquine and Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DHP) treatment were performed as the first line in case management.The research method is qualitative with observation, FGD, in-depth interviews and retrospective analysis used in the study.The results of the observation there are gaps in the implementation of control strategies by the three task force battalions in border area, namely there is no extension media, still using fogging, undisciplined using refellan and mosquito nets. Prophylaxis and Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) have not been used. From FGDs and in-depth interviews with related parties, the sub-optimality occurred due to conflicts with local culture (HakUlayat) and poor environmental management. From a retrospective analysis of health data, 1350 troops, 855 were malaria positive (incidence = 63.33%), 2 died (CFR = 0.23%) and 259 (incidence = 19.19%) relapsed. From the type of plasmodium, P. Vivax= 506, P. Falciparum= 322 and Mix= 43 .The conclusion is that there is a need for self-discipline from each personnel and a multidisciplinary approach with field practitioners, infectiologists, microbiologists, epidemiologists, entomologists, sociologists, anthropologists, in controlling malaria.
A multi-sensor cooperative detection target tracking method based on radar-optical linkage control
Authors: Long Qingwen , He Wenjin , Yin Ling , Wu Wenxing
Published: June 2023

Radar is a common means of tracking a target, and with active enemy interference, it often causes the target to lose its track, thus causing the radar to lose continuous tracking of the target. To improve the tracking effect, a multi-sensor cooperative detection target tracking method based on radar photoelectric linkage control was established. The study is based on radar photoelectric linkage, constant velocity (CV), constant acceleration (CA) and current statistical model (CSM) as the mathematical model of moving targets for this study. Improved interactive multi-model (IMM) and standard IMM were compared for targets in different motion states, as well as single sensor electronic support measures (ESM) and multi-sensor electronic support measures (ESM), infrared search and track (IRST). The research results show that in variable speed motion, the improved IMM algorithm and multiple sensors are used for target tracking. The azimuth and elevation tracking errors of the target are low, which can effectively solve the problem of model mismatch during the conversion of motion modes such as CV and CA. The azimuth and elevation image curves fluctuate smoothly, and have high stability. This method can achieve better tracking results.
Influence of landscape elements in the park on thermal environment – using a metropolitan park in Taichung city as an example
Authors: Sung Wen-Pei , Shih Ming-Hsiang , Chen Ting-Yu , Liu Chun-Hao
Published: June 2023

Population growth and rapid urban development have led to urbanization, caused environmental problems such as: heat islands and air pollution. The installation of park green space system is widely regarded as effective in alleviating the thermal environment and improving the surrounding air quality. Therefore, this study focuses on parks in highly developed cities, The measurements of terrain and topography were conducted using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to establish a terrain model. This model was combined with environmental factors such as wind speed, direction, solar radiation, temperature, and soil infiltration were measured to assess the correlation between different landscape elements and the environment in various parks. In addition, an air particulate monitor (Arduino Uno) was developed to measure the contribution of green space systems to urban air pollution. Furthermore, by integrating measurements of multiple factors and employing the Pearson's correlation method and three-dimensional scatter plots, this study explored the relationships between many variables of park. Test results show that 1. The materials of the landscape elements should have moderate thermal conductivity; 2. The moisture content of the soil of grassland should be monitored; 3. To improve the air quality, the correlation between wind speed and wind direction should be considered in the placement of landscape elements.
19. Yüzyılda Eğitim Hakkı İle Değişen Kadın Modayı Değiştiren Bisiklet Çılgınlığı ve Pantolon Giysisi
Authors: Arslan Arzu
Published: June 2023

19. yüzyıl kadınlar tarihinde geri dönülemez mücadelelerin verildiği bir yüzyıldır. Sanayi Devrimi ve modernizmin de etkisiyle yüzyıllardır tek düze ilerleyen kadın yaşamı, bu dönemde çok ciddi değişimlerin içine girmiştir. Kadın, öncelikli olarak çalışma hayatına dâhil olmuş, devamında eğitim hakkıyla birlikte yükseköğrenime katılma mücadelesi vererek bu hakkı elde etmiştir. Kadının yükseköğrenime dâhil olması yavaş ancak etkili şekilde çeşitli spor dallarında faaliyet göstermelerinin kapılarını aralamıştır. Sportif faaliyetlere katılım ise beraberinde kadın giysilerinin de değişimini başlatmıştır. Bu aktiviteler sırasında kadınlar, hareketlerini sınırlandıran giysileri kullanmak yerine erkekle özdeşleşen bir giysi olan pantolonu kendi bedenleriyle buluşturmuşlardır. Bu çalışma, kadınların sportif faaliyetlere katılımlarıyla başlarda kısmen kabul gören pantolonu, bisiklet sporuyla birlikte giysi reformuna dönüştürme süreçlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlayan bir derleme araştırmasıdır. Çalışmada literatür taramasından elde edilen bilgiler doğrultusunda öncelikle 19. yüzyılda kadın giyim-kuşam özellikleri açıklanarak eğitim hakkıyla değişime giren kadın tanıtılmıştır. Devamında, sportif faaliyetlerin spor modası üzerindeki etkileri ortaya konularak bisiklet sporuyla gelen pantolon özgürlüğü ortaya konulmuştur.
Finding the presence of borrowings in scientific works based on Markov chains
Authors:   Vanadzor State University named after H. Tumanyan, Saakyan Rustam R. , Shpekht Irina A. ,   Academy of Marketing and Social Information Technologies - IMSIT, Petrosyan Gevorg A. ,   Vanadzor State University named after H. Tumanyan
Published: June 2023

The study aims to develop optimal approaches to the search for borrowings in scientific works. The article discusses the stages of searching for the presence of borrowings, such as preprocessing, rough filtering of texts, searching for similar texts, and searching for borrowings. The main focus is on the description of approaches and techniques that can be effectively implemented at each stage. For example, for the preprocessing stage, it may be converting text characters from uppercase to lowercase, removing punctuation marks, and removing stop words. For the stage of rough text filtering, it is filters by topic and word frequency. It may be calculating the importance of words in the context of the text and representing the word as a vector in multidimensional space to determine the proximity measure for the stage of finding similar texts. Finally, it is a search for an exact match, paraphrases and a measure of similarity of expressions for the stage of finding borrowings. The scientific novelty lies in using Markov chains to find the similarity of texts for the second and third stages of the search for borrowings proposed by authors. As a result, the example shows the technique of using Markov chains for text representation, searching for the most frequently occurring words, building a graph of a Markov chain of words, and the prospects for using Markov chains of texts for rough filtering and searching for similar texts.
Difference dynamic input-output models
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Smirnov Nikolay V. , Smirnova Tatiana E. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Smirnova Maria A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Smirnov Mikhail N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2023

In this work, the object of study is the economy of the region. To describe it, a regular method for constructing difference input - output dynamic models is proposed. This approach involves modeling not only the sphere of production, but also the sphere of consumption. To do this, the vector of phase variables includes the gross domestic product. The variability of the model consists in the ability to take into account various macroeconomic parameters depending on the ultimate goals of analysis and control of macroeconomic trends. It is shown that the dynamics of the economy with direct investment in various sectors of the economy is described by linear controlled difference systems. If there is a need to take into account other macroeconomic parameters that increase the sensitivity of the model to managerial influences, then this leads to nonlinear difference systems of various types. In the final part of the article, a scenario approach for the development of investment projects is described. This approach is based on the principles of constructing program controls and stabilizing the corresponding program movements of a controlled difference system.
Method for solving an optimal control problem in the Mayer form with a quasidifferentiable functional in the presence of phase constraints
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Fominyh Alexander V. , Karelin Vladimir V. ,   Method for solving an optimal control problem in the Mayer form with a quasidifferentiable functional in the presence of phase constraints, Polyakova Lyudmila N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2023

The article considers the problem of optimal control of an object described by a system of ordinary differential equations with a continuously differentiable right-hand side and with a nonsmooth (but only a quasidifferentiable) quality functional. The problem is in the Mayer form with either free or partially fixed right end. Piecewise-continuous and bounded controls are supposed to be admissible if they lie in some parallelepiped at any moment of time. The phase coordinates and controls are also subject to mixed pointwise constraints. Phase constraints are taken into account by introducing new variables with known boundary conditions into the system. The standard discretization of the original system and the parametrization of the control are carried out, theorems are given on the convergence of the solution of the discrete system obtained to the desired solution of the continuous problem. Further, in order to study the resulting discrete system, the apparatus of quasidifferential calculus is used and the method of the quasidifferential descent is applied. Examples illustrating the operation of the algorithm are given.
Ontogeny and miniaturization of Alvarezsauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda)
Authors: Averianov Alexander , Skutschas Pavel , Lopatin Alexey
Published: June 2023

The ontogenetic status of the known specimens of alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaurs is revised. We present histological data that the holotype of Parvicursor remotus from the Upper Cretaceous Barungoyot Formation of Mongolia is not an adult individual, as previously thought, but a juvenile less than one year old. The miniaturization took place only in the Late Cretaceous Asiatic Parvicursorinae, whereas the Late Cretaceous South American non-parvicursorine alvarezsaurids were large animals. The miniaturization occurred by shifting ossification to earlier ontogenetic stages, in particular, by the closure of the neurocentral sutures on the presacral vertebrae of juvenile animals. There is no morphological support for the myrmecophagy in the alvarezsaurids and a shift to a myrmecophagous ecological niche does not explain the need for miniaturization.
Artifacts of culture in polycode advertising text: Types of quotation
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Ezhova Elena N.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of using cultural artifacts — material or mental objects created by man, functioning in various areas of the cultural-semantic field- in the structure of a polycode advertising text. The research methodology is based on a structural-semiotic approach and functional analysis. The paper considers various approaches to the definition of the concept of artifact; the typology of cultural artifacts used in advertising is determined. Based on the dichotomy of artistic and non-artistic ways of human exploration of the world, the following types of artifacts are distinguished in the structure of creolized media and advertising discourse: artifacts of spatial art (fine arts, architecture, decorative and applied arts); artifacts of temporary art (literature, folklore and musical); artifacts of spatio-temporal syncretic art (theatrical, choreographic, cinematographic, comics, actually advertising, etc.); extra-artistic artifacts (artifacts of history, fashion, politics, mass media, visual and verbal memes, etc.). We can define the mechanism for including artifacts in the fabric of media and advertising text as quoting texts of a previous culture that can manifest themselves at various levels of depth of the semantic structure of advertising. In this sense, citation is understood as broadly as possible, as the actualization in the text structures of the content elements of past texts or formal ones. The types of artifactual citation are determined by us on the basis of the modality parameter: mono modal citation (citation in the advertising text of the text of the same medial rank); polymodal citation (citation in the text of an advertisement of a text of a different medial rank); auto-citation (quoting texts of previous advertisements in advertising); meta citation (citation in advertising of expressions containing a reflection on the advertisement itself).
Spatial characteristics of urban evapotranspiration effects on the thermal environment
Authors: Gan Xiangyue , Zhang Yu , Wu Zixuan , Wang Yuchen , Han Haifeng , Yang Xiaoyan
Published: June 2023

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important process of the regional hydrothermal cycle. However, it is unclear how the mitigation of urban ET in urban thermal environments occurs in a spatial context. Landsat 8 satellite images from 2014 to 2018 of Xuzhou and corresponding meteorological observations were selected, and the improved mono-window algorithm (IMW) and urban RS-PM model were applied to invert land surface temperature (LST) and ET, respectively. In addition, spatial analysis methods (a profile analysis, standard deviation ellipse (SDE) analysis, and bivariate Moran's I) were employed to quantify and simulate the spatial characteristics of the ET effect on LST. The results indicated the following: (1) There was a significant linear negative correlation between ET and LST, which confirms that ET has a negative effect on LST; (2) the SDE overlap ratios between patches with higher ET and lower LST imply that higher ET patches have a significant impact on the spatial distribution of LST; and (3) bivariate Moran's I between ET and LST and their linear mixture spectral analysis (LISA) maps reveal a significant negative spatial correlation between ET and LST. In addition, the landscape pattern of higher ET parches is also an important factor affecting the environmental temperature.
Consideraciones teórico-metodológicas para el estudio de ciudades intermedias en sus atributos socioespaciales
Authors: Villegas Alzate Juan Guillermo
Published: June 2023

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la ciudad intermedia como objeto de estudio, bajo un enfoque socioespacial que sugiere pautas teórico-metodológicas idóneas. Busca auxiliar investigadores interesados en este objeto, por tratarse de un concepto reciente y en construcción. Para alcanzar ese objetivo, la reflexión se ha desarrollado en tres categorías de análisis. En la primera se aborda el concepto de ciudad intermedia, se expone la razón de su interés científico, su inestabilidad, la posibilidad de ser estudiado comparativamente y su vínculo estrecho con la red urbana. En la segunda se presenta el enfoque socioespacial como fundamento teórico para abordar el estudio de la ciudad intermedia, a partir de su desagregación en cinco atributos básicos interrelacionados (biótico, social, económico, político y habitacional). En la tercera se sugiere una estructura metodológica compuesta por una combinación crítica de métodos orientados al análisis socioespacial. Los principales aportes de la reflexión tienen que ver con que la inestabilidad del concepto deja de ser un obstáculo para su estudio y da paso al aprovechamiento de fortalezas de la ciudad intermedia como la territorialidad y la proximidad, y de oportunidades como la gobernabilidad. A nivel teórico, la definición de la ciudad intermedia es contextual, pues solo puede ser definida como parte de la red urbana y, para adaptarse a propósitos específicos de investigación, debe apoyarse en la “socioespacialidad”, por las variaciones propias del área de estudio del observador. Este enfoque contribuye a la identificación de atributos urbanos básicos y facilita la definición de variables. La reflexión muestra que los principales métodos para su estudio no tienen como premisa la elección de una línea cuantitativa o cualitativa, sino una combinación que, tentativamente, podría incluir análisis comparativo, trabajo de campo “expandido”, contextualización histórica y caracterización, entrevistas, monitoreo remoto, medición de densidades, análisis estadístico y mapeo y modelado. Estos aportes son importantes debido al peso territorial de las ciudades intermedias en la composición general de la población urbana. Tal trascendencia aumenta la utilidad social de la investigación geográfica con el mejoramiento de la gestión territorial y las políticas públicas, lo que facilita la toma de decisiones.
A Review on the Deep Learning-based Surface Reconstruction from the
Point Clouds
Authors: He Chengfa , Shou Huahao , Zhou Jiali
Published: June 2023

Background:

Point cloud has become one of the most important data formats for 3D
presentation because of the increased availability of acquisition devices and its wide applications.
Deep learning has the most powerful ability to capture features from data and has successfully
solved various problems in the field of image, such as classification, segmentation, and generation.
Deep learning is commonly used to process data with a structured grid, while point cloud is irregular
and unstructured. The irregularity of point clouds makes it difficult to use deep learning to solve the
problems represented by point clouds. Recently, numerous approaches have been proposed to process
point clouds with deep learning to solve various problems.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to serve as a guide to new scholars in the field of deep
learning on 3D surface reconstruction from point clouds as it presents the recent progress in deep
learning-based surface reconstruction for point clouds. It helps scholars to grasp the current research
situation better and further explore the search direction.

Method:

This study reviews the recent progress in deep learning-based methods used for surface reconstruction
from point clouds and large-scale 3D point cloud benchmark datasets commonly used.

Results:

Several relevant articles on deep learning used for surface reconstruction from point clouds
and some recent patents on deep learning applications are collected and reviewed in this paper. The
difficulty of irregularity of point clouds can be overcome by deep learning methods, thus achieving
remarkable progress in surface reconstruction.

Conclusion:

Deep learning for 3D surface reconstruction from point clouds is becoming a research
hotspot due to its performance in terms of anti-interference and generalization. Although the advance
is remarkable, there are still some challenges that need to be further studied.
Development of an Anti-rollover Warning and Active Intervention
Controller for Wheeled Tractor
Authors: Gao Jie , Yin Chengqiang , Yuan Guanhao
Published: June 2023

Background:

Tractor rollover accidents are the most severe problem in agricultural production.
According to the statistical analysis of the rollover incidents, some rollover accidents can
be avoided by timely anti-rollover warning and active control. There are a few researches on the
anti-rollover control for agricultural tractors, although great progress in the research on tractor security
has been achieved, such as rollover protective structure design.

Objective:

The purpose of this patent study was to develop a controller with the function of warning
as well as active anti-rollover control employing the power motor installed on the steering column
to adjust the front wheel angle and control the rollover index within the safety range.

Methodology:

The structure block for the hardware of the controller was devised that included data
obtaining, rollover risk estimation, rollover warning, and front-wheel steering control sections. The
main circuits have been designed in detail by adopting module methods, such as motor control circuit,
positioning and transmission circuit, etc. The control scheme has been demonstrated by designing
an overview of the overall architecture, including rollover indicator calculation, load transfer
ratio (LTR) controller design, and front-wheel steering angle tracking controller design. C language
has been used to accomplish the software design.

Results:

The active anti-rollover controller can calculate and keep the LTR within the stable range
by adjusting the front wheel angle in real-time. The fast response and smoothness of the results
demonstrate that the controller can fulfill the designed function.

Conclusion:

The developed controller can meet the control requirement due to several advantageous
aspects, such as reliability, effectiveness, and practicability. It is prospective for the developed
controller to provide a valuable reference to reduce tractor rollover accidents.
Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics
Authors: Kohale Ritesh , Dhoble Sanjay J. , Chopra Vibha
Published: June 2023

The present chapter is an introduction to various scientific and technological
fields. It is a beginning step to trail further study in this book. The first chapter
specifies the contemporary idea and fundamental understandings of nuclear physics,
which is necessary to develop the rest of the studies in this domain. The present chapter
deals with an introduction to nuclei, constituents of the nucleus and its properties, mass
defects and binding energy, nuclear reactions, the Q-value of nuclear reactions, and the
discovery of the neutron and nuclear chain reactions.
Particle Detectors
Authors: Kohale Ritesh , Dhoble Sanjay J. , Chopra Vibha
Published: June 2023

 Many of the particle detectors developed are gaseous based on ionization.
The semiconductor and scintillation detectors are the most typical and cast-off, but
other, entirely diverse ideologies have also been functional, like Cerenkov light and
transition radiation. Recent detectors in particle physics pool numerous elements in
layers much like an onion. The present chapter is aimed to deliberate the significant
aspects of G. M. Counter (Geiger-Muller Counters), Wilson cloud chamber, Scintillation counter and a semiconductor detector.