bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Race, Racism, and Ethnicity
Authors: Binyam Yonatan
Published: May 2024

This article examines the debates over historiographical uses of the terms race, racism, and ethnicity in the study of the premodern past. It begins with an analysis of conventional approaches to defining race, which understand the concept to be fundamentally modern and reject uses of the term in the study of the premodern world. Such conventional approaches to historicizing race are predicated on problematically essentialist definitions of the term that preclude comparisons of varying types of racisms that manifest across different historical periods. The article spotlights some of the arguments in favor of formulations of race and racism that allow for comparative analyses of premodern instances of racism, relying on the ideas of scholars working in race theory, philosophy of race, and premodern critical race studies. It also puts forward a working model of racism useful for analyzing examples of race-thinking found in Christian texts of the late antique period, focusing specifically on negative significations of blackness. Broadly, the article aims to outline more dynamic and fruitful approaches to conceptualizing race, racism, and ethnicity in the study of the ancient world.
How Many Junilli? The Ambiguous Christology of Junillus Africanus
Authors: Hassall Matthew Ryan
Published: May 2024

This article resolves a long-standing problem in the interpretation of the Instituta regularia divinae legis, the exegetical handbook produced by the imperial quaestor Junillus Africanus at the time of the Three Chapters controversy. Specialist historians of late antique exegesis consider the text to be heterodox because it owes a significant intellectual debt to the condemned Theodore of Mopsuestia. In the broader scholarly imagination, however, Junillus is an orthodox ideologue. The article argues that this debate reflects an unhelpful binary mode of thinking about orthodoxy. It compares Junillus’s Christological statements against the terms on which the contemporary imperial régime condemned the Three Chapters, which relate specifically to the mode of the union of Christ’s natures. It shows that the Instituta is neither orthodox nor heterodox; rather, the text expresses a carefully ambiguous Christology that admits multiple models of the union. The article then situates the Instituta in its imperial and North African contexts to show how this ambiguity did not subvert the régime’s orthodox imperial project, as is commonly assumed, but advanced it. The text models an ambiguous mode of confessing Christ under an extensive imperial authority to define orthodoxy and heterodoxy. It does so to accommodate recalcitrant stricter Chalcedonians in North Africa to the régime’s theological settlement with Miaphysites in Syria and Egypt. Junillus’s imperial politics of ambiguity invites deeper consideration of the ways that imperial power reproduces itself, in certain contexts, through ambiguity as well as through order and certainty.
A Factual Analysis of the Causal Effect of Sociocultural and Political Factors on Entrepreneurial Intention: Insights from Nigeria
Authors: Akpor-Robaro Masoje  O. M. , Oluwalogbon Leke Abraham , Sanni Rotimi Michael
Published: May 2024

The paper presents a factual analysis of the sociocultural and political determinants of entrepreneurial intention with insights from Nigerian society to provide an understanding of their manifestations and causal effect on entrepreneurial intention. The objective is to validate the provisional understanding of the effect of sociocultural and political factors on entrepreneurial intention provided in the literature. In consonance with the objective  a systematic review of the literature was carried out to search for pertinent factors using web based search engines, and several scholarly articles were isolated and examined. Topic search was used to identify articles on sociocultural factors in connection with entrepreneurial intention using their titles, abstracts, and keywords. It attempted, through an extensive literature review, to provide an integrated view for a more comprehensive understanding of sociocultural factors and entrepreneurial intention; and the key sociocultural factors that lead members of society to become entrepreneurs. For robustness, an extensive search for relevant literature was undertaken through a continuous filtering process and 134 articles dealing with sociocultural and/or political determinants of entrepreneurial intention were obtained. The factual analysis of the Nigerian context provided evidence that confirm the theoretical postulations in the articles reviewed. Evidently, all the sociocultural factors and political factors have some direct or indirect influence on entrepreneurial intentions in Nigeria. However, some of them only have modest influence. The strongest and most direct factual evidence was shown in unemployment, work experience, family values and ethnic values, while the weakest and most indirect influence was shown as religious values, social recognition and status, and social security. The effects of peer influence, social network, and job displacement are considered to be relatively weak. Essentially, however, the Nigerian experience and cases argued in this paper provides clarity to the hitherto provisional understanding of how entrepreneurial intention is affected and influenced by the sociocultural experience of a people.
Generalized canine demodicosis: case report
Authors: Angulo Sucel Jurado , Núñez Alberto Pompa
Published: May 2024

The aim of this research was to evaluate the clinical condition of a case of generalized canine demodicosis and the effectiveness of the treatment applied. Theoretical methods used included deductive-inductive and analysis-synthesis. Among the empirical methods, the observation and survey methods were selected. In the latter, two techniques were deployed: documentary analysis, based on the dermatological medical history sheet records, which provided relevant information; and an interview of the caretaker of a male, mixed-breed, unneutered dog, 7 years old and weighing 8 kg live weight. The information collected led to the identification of Demodex through skin scraping. As a result, it is noted that the addition of Spirulina platensis combined with diphenhydramine 25 mg, linoleic and linolenic acids - marketed as omega 3 and omega 6, respectively - and ivermectin 1% at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg live weight with gradual increase, proved effective for the complete recovery of the animal. We concluded that generalized canine demodicosis has become an increasingly common disease, with a high degree of prevalence, and although there are several long-acting treatment options, they have the great disadvantage of being highly expensive. It was demonstrated that ivermectin 1%, when administered as described in this study, together with diphenhydramine, essential fatty acids and Spirulina platensis, is very effective and less expensive.
Vertebral fractures due to post menopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Galván Edgardo Romero
Published: May 2024

Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease, with a high incidence in post-menopause, up to 50% in women over 70 years of age, with an enormous impact on public health and great morbidity and mortality. There have been notable advances in diagnosis and especially in treatments, but fragility fractures continue to increase, both vertebral and hip fractures. The former are still underdiagnosed and undertreated; the objective is to prevent them in all postmenopausal women and improve quality of life.
An Optimal Control Analysis of Dengue Fever
Authors: Ilmayasinta Nur , Febriyanti Rahma , Prafianti Rayinda Aseti , Zakiyah Nabila Syarifah
Published: May 2024

AbstractDengue fever is one of the most infectious diseases in the world, according to data issued by the World Health Organization in 2014. It is responsible for a huge number of deaths each year around the world, particularly in tropical nations. The dengue virus (DENV) causes dengue fever, which is spread by the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. We provide a mathematical model of dengue fever transmission through hospitalization with optimal management in this paper. Before being simulated in MATLAB, this optimum control problem is numerically resolved. Vaccination, pesticide use, and prevention are all examples of optimal control in this study. The simulation results demonstrate that dengue infection can be considerably reduced by vaccination, pesticide use, and prevention.Keywords: Dengue fever; Mathematical modelling; Optimal control. AbstrakDemam berdarah adalah salah satu penyakit paling menular di dunia, menurut data yang dikeluarkan oleh Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia pada tahun 2014. Penyakit ini menyebabkan banyak kematian setiap tahun di seluruh dunia, terutama di negara-negara tropis. Virus dengue (DENV) menyebabkan demam berdarah, yang disebarkan oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti betina. Kami menyediakan model matematis penularan demam berdarah melalui rawat inap dengan penatalaksanaan optimal dalam makalah ini. Masalah kontrol optimal ini diselesaikan secara numerik sebelum disimulasikan di MATLAB. Vaksinasi, penggunaan pestisida, dan pencegahan merupakan contoh pengendalian yang optimal dalam penelitian ini. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa infeksi dengue dapat dikurangi dengan vaksinasi, penggunaan pestisida, dan pencegahan.Kata Kunci: Demam berdarah; Pemodelan matematika; Kontrol optimal. 2020MSC: 00A71, 92B05.
Global Stability Analysis of Susceptible, Infected, Recovered (S, I, R) Model Measles Vaccination Based on Age
Authors: Juhari Juhari , Karinina Olivia , Aziz Abdul , Alisah Evawati
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study discusses the behavioral analysis model of the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) epidemic of the spread of measles based on age structure. The total population of measles is grouped into four age groups, namely the first age group (0-4 years), the second age group (5-9 years), the third age group (10-14 years) and the fourth age group (> 15 years). The steps in modeling behavior can be done by determining the equilibrium point, and the basic reproduction number and performing a global stability analysis by building the Lyapunov function. This research contributes to providing information both to the government and the community.Keywords: Epidemic Model; SIR; Lyapunov function; Measles. AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas model analisis perilaku epidemi Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) penyebaran campak berdasarkan struktur umur. Jumlah penduduk yang terkena campak dikelompokkan menjadi empat kelompok umur, yaitu kelompok umur pertama (0-4 tahun), kelompok umur kedua (5-9 tahun), kelompok umur ketiga (10-14 tahun) dan kelompok umur keempat. (> 15 tahun). Langkah-langkah dalam pemodelan perilaku dapat dilakukan dengan menentukan titik ekuilibrium, bilangan reproduksi dasar dan melakukan analisis stabilitas global dengan membangun fungsi Lyapunov. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi untuk memberikan informasi baik kepada pemerintah maupun masyarakat.Kata Kunci: Model Epidemi; PAK; fungsi Lyapunov; Campak. 2020MSC: 00A71.
Keragaman Serbuk Sari Pada Tumbuhan Legum di Kampus IPB, Dramaga, Bogor
Authors: Brilyanita Tiarana , Ariyanti Nunik Sri , Djuita Nina Ratna
Published: May 2024

AbstrakMorfologi serbuk sari dapat dipakai untuk identifikasi tumbuhan, sumber bukti taksonomi, dan diterapkan dalam banyak disiplin ilmu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan ciri morfologi serbuk sari yang berasal dari tumbuhan legum. Sampel serbuk sari diperoleh dari bunga yang dikoleksi di area kampus. Koleksi bunga dilakukan dengan metode jelajah di kawasan kampus IPB, Dramaga. Sampel serbuk sari yang akan diamati dibuat dengan metode asetolisis. Pengukuran morfologi polen dihitung berdasarkan sumbu polar dan ekuatorial dalam skala mikrometer. Ciri morfologi serbuk sari yang diteliti meliputi bentuk, unit serbuk sari, tipe aperture, ukuran, indeks P/E, dan ornamentasi eksin. Serbuk sari diamati dengan mikroskop majemuk Olympus (CX-33) yang dilengkapi kamera indomikro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk serbuk sari pada legum ada dua macam yaitu circular dan circular oval. Ukuran serbuk sari beragam dari sangat kecil sampai sangat besar. Serbuk sari memiliki indeks P/E > 1,00. Tipe aperture meliputi monoporate, triporate, tetraporate, tricolpate, dan tricolporate. Ornamentasi eksin yang dijumpai berupa scabrate, reticulate, dan psilate. Serbuk sari yang diamati pada penelitian ini menggambarkan morfologi yang khas sehingga dapat dijadikan karakter tambahan dalam mengidentifikasi tumbuhan legum.AbstractPollen morphology can be usefull for plant identification, sources of taxonomic evidence, and apply in many disciplines. This study aimed to describe the morphological characteristics of pollen from legume plants. Pollen samples were obtained from flowers collected in the campus area. The collection of flowers was carried out using the roaming method in the area of the IPB campus, Dramaga. The pollen sample to be observed was made by the acetolysis method. Pollen morphology measurements were calculated based on the polar and equatorial axes on the micrometer scale. The morphological characteristics of the pollen studied included pollen shape, pollen unit, aperture type, size, P/E index, and exine ornamentation. Pollen grains were observed with an Olympus compound microscope (CX-33) equipped with an indomicro camera. The results showed that there are two forms of pollen grains, namely circular and circular oval. Pollen sizes vary from very small to very large. Pollen has a P/E index > 1.00. The aperture types include monoporate, triporate, tetraporate, tricolpate, and tricolporate. The exine ornamentation found is scabrate, reticulate, and psilate. The pollen observed in this study shows a distinctive morphology so that it can be used as an additional character in identifying legume plant.
Carcass Weight and Skeletal Muscle Microscopic Structure of Red Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in The Different Aeration and Filtration
Authors: Djaelani Muhammad Anwar , Fathurika Kusuma Alya , Kasiyati Kasiyati , Sunarno Sunarno
Published: May 2024

AbstractRed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater fish that widely liked by Indonesian people. Keeping fish with good water quality will increase productivity. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of adding aeration and using filters on carcass weight, muscle fiber diameter and number of muscle fibers in red tilapia. This research used 24 red tilapia fish with an initial body weight of around 7 g. Divided into 4 groups, namely the maintenance group using one aerator without a filter (ANF), the maintenance group using two aerators without a filter (AANF), the maintenance group using one aerator and using a filter (AF) and the maintenance group using two aerators and using a filter (AAF). The results showed that rearing red tilapia fish in the group rearing two aerators and using a filter had a significant effect (P <0.05) on carcass weight, muscle fiber diameter, and number of muscle fibers. Observation of the muscle histology structure showed that there was no damage to the muscle histology structure. The conclusion of this research indicate that additional aerator equipped with filters will supports the growth of red tilapia fish.AbstrakIkan nila merah (Oreochromis niloticus) merupakan ikan yang banyak disukai masyarakat Indonesia. Pemeliharaan ikan dengan kualitas air yang baik akan memberikan peningkatan produktivitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan aerasi dan penggunaan filter terhadap bobot karkas, diameter serabut otot serta jumlah serabut otot pada ikan nila merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 ekor ikan nila merah dengan bobot badan awal berkisar 7 g. Dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok pemeliharaan menggunakan satu aerator tanpa filter (ANF), kelompok pemeliharaan menggunakan dua aerator tanpa filter (AANF), kelompok pemeliharaan menggunakan satu aerator dan menggunakan filter (AF) serta kelompok pemeliharaan menggunakan dua aerator dan menggunakan filter (AAF). Hasil menunjukkan pemeliharaan ikan nila merah pada kelompok pemeliharaan dua aerator dan menggunakan filter berpengaruh nyata (P <0,05) terhadap bobot karkas, diameter serabut otot, dan jumlah serabut otot. Pada pengamatan struktur histologi otot menunjukkan tidak adanya kerusakan struktur histologi otot. Kesimpulan penelitian ini penambahan aerator dilengkapi filter mendukung pertumbuhan ikan nila merah.
Identifikasi DNA Ikan Sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys sp.) Pada Siomai dengan DNA Barcoding
Authors: Suseno Dedy , Razari Intan
Published: May 2024

AbstrakSiomai adalah salah satu jenis makanan yang menggunakan bahan baku utama ikan. Pada dasarnya pembuatan siomai dapat menggunakan berbagai jenis ikan, ikan sapu-sapu bisa jadi salah satunya. Ikan sapu-sapu merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang banyak hidup di perairan Indonesia misalnya pada Sungai Ciliwung. Tercemarnya air Sungai Ciliwung dengan logam berat Hg, Pb, Cd, dan Ag sangat memungkinkan logam-logam berat tersebut terakumulasi pada ikan sapu-sapu. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi DNA ikan sapu-sapu pada sampel siomai dan menganalisis adanya kandungan logam berat pada sampel siomai yang mengandung ikan sapu-sapu. Sampel siomai yang dianalisis sebanyak 28 sampel. Sampel ini didapatkan dari 28 lokasi berbeda di sekitar stasiun kereta api Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Analisis DNA ikan sapu-sapu menggunakan primer spesifik dan analisis logam berat menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Sebanyak 9 dari 28 sampel memperlihatkan pita berukuran 496 pb pada gel elektroforesis. Pita tersebut terkonfirmasi spesies ikan sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis dan Hypostomus plecostomus) setelah dianalisis menggunakan sequencing sanger. Sebanyak 9 sampel yang teridentifikasi mengandung ikan sapu-sapu juga mengandung logam berat Pb dengan rentang konsentrasi 0,06 mg/kg sampai 0,12 mg/kg dan logam berat Cd <0,007 mg/kg. Kandungan logam berat pada sampel siomai masih di bawah ambang batas aman sesuai ketentuan SNI dan BPOM.AbstractSiomai is a type of food that uses fish as the main ingredient. Siomai can be made by using various types of fish, suckermouth catfish can be one of them. Suckermouth catfish is a type of fish that lives a lot in Indonesian rivers, for example in the Ciliwung River. Pollution of Ciliwung River water with heavy metals Hg, Pb, Cd, and Ag makes it possible for these heavy metals to accumulate in the suckermouth catfish. The purpose of this study is to identify the suckermouth catfish DNA in the siomai sample and analyze the presence of heavy metals in the siomai sample containing suckermouth catfish. Siomai samples analyzed were 28 samples. This sample was obtained from 28 different locations around the DKI Jakarta Provincial train station. DNA Analysis of the suckermouth catfish using specific primers and analysis of heavy metals using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. Nine of the 28 samples showed a 496 bp band on the electrophoretic gel. The band was confirmed by the species of suckermouth catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis and Hypostomus plecostomus) after being analyzed using Sanger sequencing. A total of 9 samples that were identified as containing suckermouth catfish also contained the heavy metal Pb with a concentration range of 0.06 mg/kg to 0.12 mg/kg and the heavy metal Cd <0.007 mg/kg. The heavy metals content in the siomai sample is still below the safe threshold according to SNI and BPOM provisions.
New and Noteworthy Lichen-Forming and Lichenicolous Fungi 13. A Revision of the Xanthoria Ectaneoides Complex (Xanthorioideae, Teloschistaceae) Including the New Species Xanthoria Pylyporlykii
Authors: Kondratyuk S. Y. , Lőkös L. , Persson P.-E. , Hansson M. , Schiefelbein U. , Kärnefelt I. , Thell A.
Published: May 2024

Xanthoria ectaneoides, usually recognised by its secondary sublobules, is circumscribed in a strict sense using spore size and a molecular phylogeny based on ITS-sequences. The species, earlier considered a synonym of X. aureola, forms a subclade with X. coomae and the new species X. pylyporlykii, described here, whereas X. aureola is positioned in the Xanthoria calcicola subclade. The new species X. pylyporlykii is characterised by a combination of characters typical either for Xanthoria ectaneoides or X. coomae.
Two New Natural Acid Norway Spruce Communities in the High Mountains of the Western Carpathians
Authors: Kučera P. , Vidličková Ľ. , Elchison E. , Ďurčeková K.
Published: May 2024

Two new associations of natural acid Norway spruce communities (the order Piceetalia abietis Pawłowski ex Pawłowski et al. 1928 nom. corr.) from Slovakia are introduced: Solidagini virgaureae-Piceetum abietis and Parido quadrifoliae-Piceetum abietis. Their original relevés and floristical characteristics are published as well as their differentiation against the most common acid Norway spruce community in the Central Europe – the association LophozioPiceetum abietis Volk in Braun-Blanquet et al. 1939 (syn.: Vaccinio myrtilli-Piceetum Šoltés 1976, Calamagrostio villosae-Piceetum auct. non Schlüter 1966). The distribution of hitherto known phytocoenological relevés of the two considered communities Solidagini virgaureaePiceetum and Parido quadrifoliae-Piceetum and the field experience indicate that their distribution within the Western Carpathians is bound to high mountain ranges (hochgebirge mountain ranges).
Problem diagnostik dan tatalaksana terkini krisis tiroid: sebuah laporan kasus
Authors: Devi Ni Made Savitri , Saraswati Made Ratna
Published: May 2024

Background: Graves’ disease is a systemic autoimmune disorder, characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating IgG immunoglobulins (TSI) directed towards the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor of the thyroid-hormone producing cell. Graves’ disease is known to be the most common cause of thyroid crisis. Thyroid crisis is one of the first levels of emergency in the endocrine field with very high morbidity and mortality.
Case presentation: A 41-year-old man presents with the chief complaint of severe tightness and swelling throughout the body, the patient is diagnosed with thyroid crisis caused by Graves’ disease and acute decompensated heart failure suspected caused by coronary artery disease differential diagnosed with tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy. The patient has a history of previous hospitalization with the same complaint, at that time the patient was only diagnosed with congestive heart failure suspected caused by coronary artery disease.
Conclusion: Late diagnosis will hinder the proper administration of treatment to the patient. here in the case of emergencies an earlier diagnosis is needed so that it can improve the quality of life of patients minimize the occurrence of potential complications.
 
Latar Belakang: Penyakit Graves merupakan kelainan autoimun sistemik yang ditandai dengan produksi imunoglobulin IgG perangsang tiroid (TSI) yang diarahkan ke reseptor hormon perangsang tiroid (TSH) pada sel penghasil hormon tiroid. Penyakit Graves diketahui sebagai penyebab paling umum dari krisis tiroid. Krisis tiroid merupakan salah satu keadaan darurat tingkat pertama di bidang endokrin dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang sangat tinggi.
Presentasi kasus: Seorang pria berusia 41 tahun datang dengan keluhan utama rasa sesak dan bengkak di sekujur tubuh, pasien didiagnosis menderita krisis tiroid yang disebabkan oleh penyakit Graves dan gagal jantung dekompensasi akut yang diduga disebabkan oleh penyakit arteri koroner diferensial didiagnosis dengan kardiomiopati akibat takikardia. Pasien mempunyai riwayat rawat inap sebelumnya dengan keluhan yang sama, saat itu pasien hanya didiagnosis menderita gagal jantung kongestif yang diduga disebabkan oleh penyakit arteri koroner.
Kesimpulan: Keterlambatan diagnosis akan menghambat pemberian pengobatan yang tepat pada pasien. disini dalam keadaan darurat diperlukan diagnosis dini sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien meminimalisir terjadinya potensi komplikasi.
The pattern of adolescent puberty at Sekar Pengharapan orphanage and Widya Asih orphanage, Badung, Bali
Authors: Yuda I Made Darma , Arimbawa I Made , Yasa Karuna Dhorayho
Published: May 2024

Background: Puberty is a transition phase from adolescence to adulthood. In this period, there are physical, hormonal and psychological changes. The appearance of secondary sex characteristics characterizes puberty and ends with the arrival of menarche in girls and complete genital development in boys. This study determined the pattern of puberty in adolescents in orphanages.
Method: This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design. The data were taken at Sekar Pengharapan and Widhya Asih orphanage Badung, Bali, on December 4th, 2021. The subjects in this study were children who entered the age of puberty in an orphanage and met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The ethics section of Medical Faculty Universitas Udayana/Sanglah Hospital approved this research. The SPSS program analyzed the data with p<0,05 determined significant value.
Result: 50 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in this study; 31 (62.0%) subjects were female, and 19 (38.0%) were male. The research subjects' age (mean±SD) was 15.5±1.3 years. There were 3 subjects (6.0%) in prepubertal condition, while most (50.0%) were in the Tanner scale stage 4. Most subjects had good nutritional status (92.0%), and no subject was stunted. The average length of stay in the orphanage of the subjects was 13.3 ± 9.2 months. Most subjects were on the Tanner 4, about 25 people (50%). The average age of menarche in this study was 11.5 ± 0.6 years. 
Conclusion: The level of sexual maturity in orphanage adolescents is relatively normal in the orphanage population. However, there are still 3 teenagers who are at prepubertal age. The age of menarche in women is relatively normal based on age.
Mucocutaneous and musculoskeletal manifestation as an early symptomatic congenital syphilis: A rare case
Authors: Iskandar Fediah Chia , Gustawan I Wayan , Lingga I Made Gede Dwi , Artana I Wayan Darma , Sudarsa Prima Sanjiwani Saraswati , Anandasari Pande Putu Yuli , Margiani Ni Nyoman
Published: May 2024

Background: Congenital syphilis (CS) is attributable to the transmission of Treponema pallidum from the mother to the fetus transplacental during gestation. The incidence rate of congenital syphilis is 15 per 100,000 newborns by 2020. Mucocutaneous involvement is present in as many as 70% of infants and may be apparent at birth or develop during the first few weeks of life. Cutaneous findings of early CS classically a vesiculobullous or maculopapular rash on the palms and soles may be associated with desquamation. Skeletal manifestations of congenital syphilis occur in 60%-80% of infants, including osteitis (0.7%), metaphysitis (24%), and periosteal reaction (34%). It is important to be fully informed regarding the early diagnosis and treatment of congenital syphilis to prevent its devastating complications to death. This case report describes clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of congenital syphilis presented with mucocutaneous lesions and musculoskeletal manifestations.
Case representation: A one-day-old boy preterm infant, 2145 grams, born spontaneously, presented with ruptured bullous lesions and desquamation on the feet and hands. The laboratory revealed thrombocytopenia, elevated C-reactive protein, elevated bilirubin total (10.9 mg/dL) and direct bilirubin (6.21 mg/dL) at 24 days old, indicating an intrahepatic cholestasis caused by syphilis. Serum VDRL 1:128 and TPHA >1:5120. Long bone radiology showed periostitis involving the humerus, ulna, radius dextra and sinistra, femur dextra and sinistra, a feature of congenital syphilis. The patient was treated with procaine penicillin 107,000 international units intravenous every 24 hours for 10 days. 
Conclusion: The early recognition of mucocutaneous and musculoskeletal involvement as an early manifestation of CS improved with procaine penicillin intravenous for 10 days.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Eye Diseases in Keerom District: The First Report from Easternmost Indonesia without Ophthalmology Facilities
Authors: Alberta Ivana Beatrice
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Prevalence estimation of eye diseases in a given area is essential to plan eye care services. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of eye disease among the Keerom residents as an initial step in starting eye care provisions in easternmost Papua, Indonesia, where ophthalmology facilities are currently absent.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Keerom District, easternmost Papua, Indonesia, in August 2023. Data were collected using total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eye examination was done using an ophthalmoscope. All data were coded, entered, and analyzed using SPSS version 24.
Results: A total of 1,035 patients were included in this study. Mean age was 48.24±13.00 years old (range 3-82 years old), of which females accounted for 62.3%. The most prevalent eye disease was cataract (52.6%), which predominantly incipient cataract (20.9%). The second and third most prevalent were pterygium (6.7%) and refractive error (4.2%). Patients who have cataract and pterygium concurrently account for 4.3%. Other diseases (2.6%) were found, such as leucoma, retinopathy, and ocular trauma.
Conclusions: This report showed a need to establish and enhance eye care services, conduct community campaigns to raise awareness, and encourage proactive eye services-seeking behavior among the Keerom population.
The role of CT scan in diagnosing neurocysticercosis in patients with seizures: a case report
Authors: Luh Dindi Ayu Surya Kanti  , I Gede Catur Wira Natanagara  , Ni Kadek Antari Darmasih  , Agus Antara
Published: May 2024

Background: Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infectious disease affecting the human central nervous system in endemic countries. It is caused by the ingestion of Taenia solium eggs excreted in the faeces of human tapeworm carriers. The disease is often asymptomatic, but can also cause seizures, disorientation, visual disturbances, focal neurologic deficits, psychiatric symptoms, strokes, and elevated intracranial blood pressure. Neuroimaging remains the gold standard for diagnosis, which includes the CT scan. This case report aimed to discuss the role of the CT scan in the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis in a 40-year-old male patient with a history of seizures.
Case presentation: A 40-year-old male complained of seizures one hour before admission. Before the seizure, the patient reported that he was active as usual and had no complaints. The patient stated that he likes to eat pork and red lawar, which is made from raw pig blood. Physical examination revealed that the patient had a fever. Neurologic examination was within the normal range. Axial view CT scan of the head without contrast showed multiple calcifications with a hypodense area around them. Then, the patient was diagnosed with serial seizures due to symptomatic epilepsy and cerebral neurocysticercosis. He was treated with anthelmintic, antiseizure and symptomatic medication. After one month following therapy, there were no reports of headaches or seizures. The follow-up CT scan at the same slice as the lesion decreased the amount of calcifications, but the right frontal and left parietal regions were still visible.
Conclusion: Neuroimaging studies such as CT scans are among the tests that can be performed on seizure patients to detect neurocysticercosis in endemic areas.
The relationship between platelet to lymphocyte ratio with neonatal sepsis at Wangaya General Hospital
Authors: Andariska Ni Made Gita , Suryawan I Wayan Bikin , Suarca Kadek , Suwarba I Gusti Ngurah Made , Wijaya Khema Metta
Published: May 2024

Background: Neonatal sepsis is still a major health problem throughout the world and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates. This disease often goes undetected and causes death. The diagnosis and treatment of neonatal sepsis is still a problem today. According to current research, the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) plays a significant role in the inflammatory process. This study aims to contribute to the research on whether PLR is connected with the incidence of neonatal sepsis and can be used as a biomarker of neonatal sepsis.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational analytic study examines the link between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and neonatal sepsis. Based on medical records, this investigation's total number of samples was 36 newborns.
Results: From June 2022 to June 2023, there were 539 newborns in the hospital. The prevalence of neonatal sepsis was 23 neonates (4,2%) and there were 14 neonates (2,6%) that fulfilled the criteria in this study. Based on the characteristics of PLR, the mean value in neonatal sepsis was found to be 125.71. Bivariate analysis using statistical Chi-square revealed that PLR had a p-value of 0.009, odds ratio of 6.7, and 95% CI of 1.5 - 29.6.
Conclusion: There was a correlation between PLR and neonatal sepsis in Wangaya Hospital. Patients with increased PLR were six times the odds of having neonatal sepsis compared to patients with non-increased PLR.
Correlation of systemic immune-inflammation index with immature to total neutrophil ratio (IT Ratio) in septic neonates admitted to Wangaya Regional General Hospital Denpasar
Authors: Wijaya Khema Metta , Suryaningsih Putu Siska , Suryawan I Wayan Bikin , Andariska Made Gita
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Early diagnosis and management of neonatal sepsis plays an important role in determining patient outcomes. The Immature to Total Neutrophil Ratio (IT ratio) is one of the diagnostic criteria for neonatal sepsis. However, the IT ratio examination is separate from the complete blood examination, and must be carried out manually or with an automatic microscope. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is calculated by multiplying the number of platelets by the number of neutrophils and dividing by the number of lymphocytes derived from the complete blood count (CBC) examination. Recent studies have shown that SII values increase significantly at the time of diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. This study aims to find the correlation between the IT ratio and SII in septic neonates.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical observational study was conducted at the Wangaya Regional General Hospital, Denpasar. Data was taken from medical records of patients admitted from June 2022 to September 2023. Neonates with major congenital abnormalities, autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency conditions and incomplete medical record data were excluded from the study. The correlation between the SII value and the IT ratio was analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. Data analysis was carried out using the SPSS version 25 software.
Results: This study consisted of 31 septic neonates who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the subjects in this study were male and preterm neonates. The median IT ratio and SII were 0.20 and 875.92 x103/ul respectively. The correlation value or r value between SII and the IT ratio was 0.386 with a P value of 0.060.
Conclusion: Increased SII in septic neonates occurs due to thrombocytosis and neutrophilia as a response to systemic inflammation. Meanwhile, lymphocyte activation is inhibited which causes a decrease in immune function. Although no correlation between the IT ratio and SII was observed, further diagnostic research needs to be carried out to analyze the ability of SII to diagnose neonatal sepsis.
Effect of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) on thrombosis: A literature review
Authors: Dewi Ni Made Ratih Purnama , Prabawa I Putu Yuda , Gede Wara Samsarga
Published: May 2024

Neutrophils are used by the innate immune system to form thrombi during many types of thrombosis. The inactivation of endogenous anticoagulants results in increased intravascular coagulation by increasing factor XII activation, decreasing plasmin production, or boosting the tissue factor-dependent extrinsic pathway. The creation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) by the externalization of decondensed nucleosomes and granule proteins supports neutrophil-dependent prothrombotic processes. Experimental thrombosis has been demonstrated to be caused by these traps, whether intact or fragmented, since they provide the means to enhance microvascular thrombosis. The von Willebrand factor increases platelet adhesion when neutrophils and activated platelets combine to form NET. Thus, neutrophils and externalized nucleosomes promote intravascular blood coagulation and thrombosis during infections and during conditions resulting from blood vessel damage.
Physical abuse in the newborn with congenital hypothyroidism: A Case report
Authors: Satriawan Made Mulya Cintyadewi , Soetjiningsih  , Windiani I Gusti Ayu Trisna , Adnyana I Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha , Pratiwi Ni Luh Sukma , Alit Ida Bagus Putu
Published: May 2024

Background: Global estimates of child homicide suggest that infants and young children are at most significant risk, with rates for the 0 - 4-year age group. Physical abuse of a child is defined as the intentional use of physical force against a child that results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in harm to the child's health, survival, and development.
Case presentation: Here presented baby 0 days old with a wide laceration on the neck. The baby was born spontaneously in the bathroom. The baby was brought in with an injury to the neck area with a two-wound size of 4cmx3cm and a scratch mark on the stomach. The mother said that the baby was fallen and hit by ceramic after the baby was delivered. At the hospital, 10 hours after birth, pediatric surgery did the debridement procedure by primary hecting. This case handled by the Integrated Service Center for the Empowerment of Women and Children, the edge of the wound is sharp, flat, with many angles, and the number of wounds is more than one, indicating sharp violence carried out by sliding.
Conclusions: The outcome of child abuse can result from short and long term consequences. At the same time, there are child protection policies that protect the child from any abuse.
Education of Children Perspective Hadith
Authors: Pratiwi Yulia Sukma Rahma
Published: May 2024

This study aims to discuss educating children from the hadith perspective. This research is a qualitative type that applies literature study using a thematic study approach. The results and discussion of this study include methods that can be used in educating children from a hadith perspective. This study concludes that the method of educating children is very important to apply, especially with today's conditions. The application of methods in the educational process must really be considered, so that it can affect effectively every child's development. So that children can grow and develop properly. The existence of the right method applied in educating children can make it the foundation to support their success in the future.
Stakeholder Perceptions of the Implementation of the Independent Campus Independent Learning Policy
Authors: Jaenuddin Mohammad , Natsir Nanat Fatah
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the response of Stakeholders to the Implementation of MBKM at UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung (Research on Community Users of Graduates in Garut Regency, Bogor Regency and Cianjur Regency). This research uses a qualitative approach, the method used in this research is descriptive analytic research method Data collection techniques to be carried out in this study are observation, interviews, and documentary studies. The results of his research show that the purpose of implementing the values of the four pillars of nationality is very important in building student character so that there are no deviations in understanding about nationality and statehood, and are not easily influenced by bad things. The implementation of the four pillars of nationality in shaping the character of UIN Sunan students Gunung Djati Bandung cannot be separated from its supporting and inhibiting factors. Among the supporting factors in the implementation of the four pillars of nationality include lecturers being given 'freedom' in creativity, including in carrying out learning designs and in developing material for the four pillars of nationality. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon Stakeholder terhadap Implementasi MBKM di UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung (Penelitian pada Masyarakat Pengguna Lulusan di Kabupaten Garut, Kabupaten Bogor dan Kabupaten Cianjur).Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif analitik Teknik pengumpulan data yang akan dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentatif. Hasil penelitiannya menunjukkan bahwa tujuan implementasi nilai-nilai empat pilar kebangsaan merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam membangun karakter mahasiswa agar tidak terjadi penyimpangan pemahaman tentang kebangsaan dan kenegaraan, serta tidak mudah terpengaruh oleh hal-hal buruk Pelaksanaan empat pilar kebangsaan dalam membentuk karakter mahasiswa UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung tidak telepas dari faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Di antara faktor pendukung dalam pelaksanaan empat pilar kebangsaan di antaranya Dosen diberi ‘kebebasan’ dalam berkreativitas, termasuk dalam melakukan desain pembelajaran dan dalam mengembangkan materi empat Pilar kebangsaan.
Design for Change: Mindful Improvement Ideas
Authors: Fikri Miftahul , Nurulhaq Dadan
Published: May 2024

The purpose of writing this article is to find out the study of the Design for Change approach, to improve morals and care. The research method used is library research on a qualitative approach, data collection with documentation and analysis with content analysis. The results of this study are that Design for Change consists of four steps, namely Feel which feels the surrounding conditions, Image which imagines what will be done, Do which does what is planned, and Share which shares what has been done. Morals are formed by instinct, habituation and environment. Caring is influenced by culture, espoused values, price obtained, exclusivity and level of maturity. The conclusion from this research is that the Design for Change approach will form habits that improve awareness. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui kajian pendekatan Design for Change, untuk memperbaiki akhlak dan kepedulian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah library research pada pendekatan kualitatif, pengumpulan data dengan dokumentasi dan analisis dengan analisis konten. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Design for Change terdiri dari empat Langkah, yaitu Feel yang merasakan kondisi sekitar, Image yang membayangkan apa yang akan dilakukan, Do yang melakukan apa yang direncanakan, dan Share yang membagikan apa yang sudah dilakukan. Akhlak dibentuk oleh naluri, pembiasaan dan lingkungan. Kepedulian dipengaruhi oleh budaya, nilai yang dianut, harga yang didapat, keeksklusifan dan level kematangan. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pendekatan Design for Change akan membentuk pembiasaan yang memperbaiki kepedulian.
Integration of Tarekat teachings in the Islamic education curriculum: a case study at the Miftahul Huda Gading Islamic Boarding School in Malang
Authors: Amboro Kamas Wahyu
Published: May 2024

Islamic education in Indonesia is closely related to pesantren. Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia have varied styles. almost all pesantren have tasawuf values but not all pesantren teach tarekat. Even though the tarekat is something that becomes the teachings of Sufism. So that research on the integration of tarekat in the education curriculum is very important to study to find out how the integration of tasawuf is in the Islamic education curriculum. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The data collection technique in this study was carried out with documentation and the data analysis technique used in this research was the Miles and Huberman model. The results of this study are that the tarekat taught in this pesantren is the qodiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah tarekat, there is formal and non-formal education, and there is integration of the tarekat's teachings into the Islamic education curriculum. Teaching tarekat is carried out outside of formal learning such as sunnah recitation, dhikr 165 times after obligatory prayers, khususiyah and manaqiban. Pendidikan islam di Indonesia sangat erat kaitannya dengan pesantren. Pesantren di Indonesia memiliki corak yang variatif. hampir semua pesantren memiliki nilai-nilai tasawuf tetapi tidak semua pesantren mengajarkan tarekat. Padahal tarekat merupakan sesuatu hal yang menjadi ajaran tasawuf. Sehingga penelitian tentang Integrasi tarekat dalam kurikulum Pendidikan menjadi sangat penting diteliti untuk mengetahui bagaimana Integrasi tasawuf dalam kurikulum pendidikan islam. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalan pendekatan kualitatif, Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dokumentasi dan Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penilitian ini adalah model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa tarekat yang diajarkan dipesantren ini adalah tarekat qodiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah, terdapat Pendidikan formal dan non formal, serta terjadi integrasi Ajaran tarekat dalam kurikulum Pendidikan islam. Pengajaran tarekat dilaksanakan diluar pembelajaran formal seperti pengajian sunnah, dzikir 165 kali setelah solat wajib, khususiyah dan manaqiban.
Students’ perceptions about the importance of Group Study in the tertiary educational institutions of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. Anisur , Humaidi M. Nurul
Published: May 2024

Many things, like the normal teacher-centered learning system in Bangladesh, can be used to make the education system better, especially student-centered learning. These include peer observation, group learning, classroom observation, group supervision, and more. The main goal of this study is to find out how students in higher education institutions in Bangladesh feel about how important group research is to their academic growth in the teaching and learning system. Honors students in a college under Bangladesh National University for four years were chosen by researchers. There are both qualitative and quantitative parts to this study. To get the process done, several questions and action plans need to be carefully thought through. Group work plays a crucial role in higher education, particularly in Bangladeshi religious studies classes. Implementing this collaborative system enhances student progress and academic performance, emphasizing the need for cooperation among students, instructors, and administration to achieve educational goals and contribute to national development. Banyak hal, seperti sistem pembelajaran berbasis guru yang umum digunakan di Bangladesh, dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan sistem pendidikan, terutama pembelajaran berbasis siswa. Ini melibatkan pengamatan antar teman, pembelajaran kelompok, observasi kelas, supervisi kelompok, dan lain-lain. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana para mahasiswa di institusi pendidikan tinggi di Bangladesh merasakan sejauh mana penelitian kelompok penting bagi perkembangan akademik mereka dalam sistem pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Para mahasiswa berprestasi di sebuah perguruan tinggi di bawah Universitas Nasional Bangladesh selama empat tahun dipilih oleh para peneliti. Penelitian ini memiliki bagian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Untuk menyelesaikan proses ini, beberapa pertanyaan dan rencana tindakan perlu dipikirkan dengan cermat. Kerja kelompok memainkan peran penting dalam pendidikan tinggi, khususnya di kelas studi agama Bangladesh. Menerapkan sistem kolaboratif ini meningkatkan kemajuan siswa dan kinerja akademik, menekankan perlunya kerja sama antara siswa, instruktur, dan administrasi untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan dan berkontribusi terhadap pembangunan nasional.