bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to Retrieve Music using Mood Tags in a Folksonomy
Authors: Moon Chang Bae , Lee Jong Yeol , Kim Byeong Man
Published: November 2021

A folksonomy is a classification system in which volunteers collaboratively create and manage tags to annotate and categorize content. The folksonomy has several problems in retrieving music using tags, including problems related to synonyms, different tagging levels, and neologisms. To solve the problem posed by synonyms, we introduced a mood vector with 12 possible moods, each represented by a numeric value, as an internal tag. This allows moods in music pieces and mood tags to be represented internally by numeric values, which can be used to retrieve music pieces. To determine the mood vector of a music piece, 12 regressors predicting the possibility of each mood based on acoustic features were built using Support Vector Regression. To map a tag to its mood vector, the relationship between moods in a piece of music and mood tags was investigated based on tagging data retrieved from Last.fm, a website that allows users to search for and stream music. To evaluate retrieval performance, music pieces on Last.fm annotated with at least one mood tag were used as a test set. When calculating precision and recall, music pieces annotated with synonyms of a given query tag were treated as relevant. These experiments on a real-world data set illustrate the utility of the internal tagging of music. Our approach offers a practical solution to the problem caused by synonyms.
Spatial distribution of soil chemical properties in the cerrado of Tocantins
Authors: Ferreira Júnior Osvaldo José , Santos Antônio Clementino dos , Naves Júnior Carlos Henrique , Mendes Flávio Coelho , Ramalho Thales Aquino de Queiroz , Sousa Wanderson Lopes de , Teixeira Mateus Mendes , Aguiar Gekson Ribeiro , Flor Marcus Vinícius Cunha
Published: November 2021

Information on spatial variability of soil chemical properties is allowing an increasingly efficient management of soil fertility. This study was conducted in the municipality of Santa Rosa do Tocantins, TO, in the 2018/2019 crop year. The objectives of the study were to characterize the spatial variability of chemical properties of a dystrophic Red Latosol in the Cerrado of Tocantins using geostatistics and optimize the management of soil fertility by means of precision agronomy techniques, for more efficient input use in agricultural production areas. For the experiment, 49 soil samples were collected at 0.2 m depth, from equidistant points in a regular grid 100 m apart, over an area of ??150 ha. Each sample was composed of 5 subsamples. The soil properties evaluated included pH, bases sum, potential acidity, organic matter, total cation exchange capacity, base saturation, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc. A descriptive analysis was carried out, highlighting the mean, median, minimum, and maximum values for each soil variable. In addition, the coefficients of variation, asymmetry, kurtosis, and the normality test of Kolmogorov-Smirnov were performed. The area presented significant variations in chemical and macronutrient attributes and little variation in micronutrients, except for zinc. The study reveals variations in different soil attributes and the need for correction depending on the requirements of the crop.
Reuse of aquaculture wastewater treated in constructed wetlands
Authors: Teixeira Denis Leocádio , Souza Augusto , Moura Guilherme de Souza , Leite Júnior Maurício Cezar Resende
Published: November 2021

Water reuse in fish farming is a practice that has been spreading significantly, therefore requiring more efficient and vigorous treatment systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential reuse of aquaculture wastewater after being treated in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF-CW). Three HSSF-CWs with dimensions of 1.0 m in width, 3.0 m in length, and 0.30 m in depth were evaluated. One HSSF-CW had stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis) cultivated; the other had cattail (Typha latifolia), and the third was used as a control, where there was no cultivation. The wastewater was provided from three Nile tilapia breeding tanks, which recirculated the entire system after going through the HSSF-CW. The following variables were determined every five days at the HSSF-CW influent and effluent: temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, ammonium, and nitrate. The treatment in the HSSF-CW allowed the reuse of aquaculture wastewater as it provides water quality levels according to the recommendation for Nile tilapia breeding. Furthermore, the water quality parameters monitored in HSSF-CW effluent remained within limits established by CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005 for aquaculture and fishing activity.
Learning how to be a scyborg: how prefigurative organisations can promote capacity to decolonialise organisations
Authors: Chen Katherine K.
Published: November 2021

How can people acquire the capacity and community to potentially move institutions, such that they are change-promoting organisations? La paperson’s (2017) scyborg describes how within organisations, members can repurpose colonial practices for decolonised, transformative goals. My research suggests that prefigurative organisations can offer spill-over effects by strengthening the experiential organising repertoire and ties of scyborgs across organisations. Using my own experiences, I examine how my participant observations at a democratic independent school and its growing global network have informed my efforts to infuse conventional organisations, including my public university, with liberatory practices. Conventional organisations blur boundaries and thereby promote overwork, obscure work often performed by minoritised members and encourage networking for transactional purposes. In contrast, scyborgs’ transformative practices: (a) make invisible and usually devalued and extracted work visible; (b) encourage and support voice and member-led efforts; and (c) cultivate relations as avenues for mutual growth.
Secrecy performance of mixed single-input multiple-output-FSO/single-input multiple-output-RF networks with energy harvesting
Authors: He Wanxin , Zhang Jiliang
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we study the secrecy performance of an energy-harvested relaying assisted free space optical–radio frequency (FSO-RF) network. In particular, a single-beam source sends an optical signal to a multi-aperture relay over an FSO channel, and then the relay converts it into an RF signal and adopts a decode-and-forward protocol to forward it to a multi-antenna destination under the wiretapping of a multi-antenna eavesdropper. We assume that the relay is power constrained, and it requires to harvest energy from a power beacon to assist the information transmission. It is also assumed that the FSO link and all RF links are subject to gamma–gamma fading with atmospheric turbulence and Rayleigh fading, respectively. Analytical expressions for secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity are derived. In addition, the asymptotic expression for SOP is obtained to present insight into secrecy performance at high signal-to-noise ratio regimes. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations verify the correctness of the theoretical derivations.
Machine learning-assisted nonlinear-impairment-aware proactive defragmentation forC+Lband elastic optical networks
Authors: Jana Rana Kumar , Chatterjee Bijoy Chand , Singh Abhishek Pratap , Srivastava Anand , Mukherjee Biswanath , Lord Andrew , Mitra Abhijit
Published: November 2021

Efficient resource allocation and management can enhance the capacity of an optical backbone network. In this context, spectrum retuning via hitless defragmentation has been presented for elastic optical networks to enhance efficient spectrum accommodation while reducing the unused fragmented spaces in the spectrum. However, the quality of service committed in a service level agreement may be affected due to spectrum retuning. In particular, for transmission beyond the conventional C band, the presence of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering can severely degrade the quality of the signal during defragmentation. To conquer this problem, this paper proposes, for the first time to our knowledge, a signal-quality-aware proactive defragmentation scheme for theC+Lband system. The proposed scheme prioritizes the minimization of the fragmentation index and quality of transmission (QoT) maintenance for two different defragmentation algorithms, namely, nonlinear-impairment (NLI)-aware defragmentation (NAD) and NLI-unaware defragmentation (NUD). We leverage machine learning techniques for QoT estimation of ongoing lightpaths during spectrum retuning. The optical signal-to-noise ratio of a lightpath is predicted for each choice of spectrum retuning, which helps to monitor the effect of defragmentation on the quality of ongoing lightpaths (in terms of assigned modulation format). Numerical results show that, compared to a baseline algorithm (NUD), the proposed NAD algorithm provides up to 15% capacity increment for smaller networks such as BT-UK, while for larger networks such as the 24-node USA network, a capacity benefit of 23% is achieved in terms of the number of served demands at 1% blocking.
Theoretical study of spatiotemporal focusing for in-bulk laser structuring of dielectrics
Authors: Quinoman Paul , Chimier Benoît , Duchateau Guillaume
Published: November 2021

For laser processing applications and creation of microstructures inside dielectric materials, focusing of a femtosecond Gaussian pulse within the bulk of these materials is commonly used. The laser energy is mainly absorbed in the focal spot due to the nonlinear feature of laser–dielectric interaction. Recently, to get further control of laser energy absorption, the spatiotemporal focusing technique, for which the pulse duration evolves in the course of propagation, has been introduced. However, spatiotemporal focusing also leads to an inclination of the wavefront, the pulse-front tilt. In this work, the influence of the pulse-front tilt on pulse propagation and interaction is studied by solving numerically the Maxwell’s equations coupled to laser induced electron dynamics in dielectrics. The qualitative behavior of energy absorption, and geometric features of the resulting absorption volume are presented. By varying the laser intensity and pulse-front tilt, both the aspect ratio and symmetry of the absorption volume are changed. A simple model predicting the evolution of this aspect ratio is provided.
Generating a twisted Gaussian Schell-model beam with a coherent-mode superposition
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhang Xuan , Wang Haiyun , Ye Yan , Liu Lin , Chen Yahong , Wang Fei , Cai Yangjian
Published: November 2021

Twist phase is a nontrivial second-order phase that only exists in a partially coherent field, providing a new degree of freedom for manipulating statistical properties of random light. However, in the existing experimental methods either it is difficult to control the twist phase or requires a large number of pseudo/random modes to approximately synthesize the twisted beams. In this work, we demonstrate a simple and efficient approach, based on the superposition of mutually orthogonal Laguerre-Gaussian modes with appropriate mode weights, to generate the twisted beams with a controllable twist phase. We show that a smaller number of modes are required to synthesize the twisted beams, compared to the pseudo-mode superposition, because the orthogonal coherent modes are used in the present method. We experimentally generate the twisted Gaussian Schell-model beams with controllable strength of twist phase and measure their degree of coherence and average intensity behavior during propagation. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical predictions. Our approach will promote the application of the twisted partially coherent beams in optical imaging and free-space optical communications.
De novo protein fold families expand the designable ligand binding site space
Authors: Pan Xingjie , Kortemme Tanja
Published: November 2021

A major challenge in designing proteins de novo to bind user-defined ligands with high affinity is finding backbones structures into which a new binding site geometry can be engineered with high precision. Recent advances in methods to generate protein fold families de novo have expanded the space of accessible protein structures, but it is not clear to what extend de novo proteins with diverse geometries also expand the space of designable ligand binding functions. We constructed a library of 25,806 high-quality ligand binding sites and developed a fast protocol to place (“match”) these binding sites into both naturally occurring and de novo protein families with two fold topologies: Rossman and NTF2. Each matching step involves engineering new binding site residues into each protein “scaffold”, which is distinct from the problem of comparing already existing binding pockets. 5,896 and 7,475 binding sites could be matched to the Rossmann and NTF2 fold families, respectively. De novo designed Rossman and NTF2 protein families can support 1,791 and 678 binding sites that cannot be matched to naturally existing structures with the same topologies, respectively. While the number of protein residues in ligand binding sites is the major determinant of matching success, ligand size and primary sequence separation of binding site residues also play important roles. The number of matched binding sites are power law functions of the number of members in a fold family. Our results suggest that de novo sampling of geometric variations on diverse fold topologies can significantly expand the space of designable ligand binding sites for a wealth of possible new protein functions.
Integrated management of neonatal and childhood illness strategy in Zimbabwe: An evaluation
Authors: James Nigel , Acharya Yubraj
Published: November 2021

More than five million children under the age of five die each year worldwide, primarily from preventable and treatable causes. In response, the World Health Organization’s Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMNCI) strategy has been adopted in more than 95 low- and middle-income countries, 41 of them from Africa. Despite IMNCI’s widespread implementation, evidence on its impact on child mortality and institutional deliveries is limited. This study examined the effect of IMNCI strategy in the context of Zimbabwe, where neonatal and infant mortality rates are among the highest in the world. We used binary logistic regression to analyze cross-sectional data from the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey. Zimbabwe implemented the IMNCI strategy in 2012. Our empirical strategy involved comparing neonatal and infant mortality and institutional deliveries within the same geographic area before and after IMNCI implementation in a nationally representative sample of children born between 2010 and 2015. Exposure to IMNCI was significantly associated with a reduction in neonatal mortality (adjusted odds ratio (95% CI): 0.70 (0.50, 0.98)) and infant mortality (adjusted odds ratio (95% CI): 0.69 (0.54, 0.91)). The strategy also helped increase institutional deliveries significantly (adjusted odds ratio (95% CI): 1.95 (1.67, 2.28)). Further analyses revealed that these associations were concentrated among educated women and in rural areas.The IMNCI strategy in Zimbabwe seems to be successful in delivering its intended goals. Future programmatic and policy efforts should target women with low education and those residing in urban areas. Furthermore, sustaining the positive impact and achieving the child health-related Sustainable Development Goals will require continued political will in raising domestic financial investments to ensure the sustainability of maternal and child health programs.
How political partisanship can shape memories and perceptions of identical protest events
Authors: Hennessey Eden , Feinberg Matthew , Wilson Anne E.
Published: November 2021

It is well-recognized that increasingly polarized American partisans subscribe to sharply diverging worldviews. Can partisanship influence Americans to view the world around them differently from one another? In the current research, we explored partisans’ recollections of objective events that occurred during identical footage of a real protest. All participants viewed the same 87-second compilation of footage from a Women’s March protest. Trump supporters (vs. others) recalled seeing a greater number of negative protest tactics and events (e.g., breaking windows, burning things), even though many of these events did not occur. False perceptions among Trump supporters, in turn, predicted beliefs that the protesters’ tactics were extreme, ultimately accounting for greater opposition to the movement and its cause. Our findings point to the possibility of a feedback loop wherein partisanship underlies different perceptions of the exact same politically relevant event, which in turn may allow observers to cling more tightly to their original partisan stance.
Multilocus sequence analysis reveals different lineages of Pseudomonas anguilliseptica associated with disease in farmed lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.)
Authors: Mjølnerød Even Bysveen , Nilsen Hanne Katrine , Gulla Snore , Riborg Andreas , Bottolfsen Kirsten Liland , Wiklund Tom , Christiansen Debes , López Romalde Jesús Ángel , Scholz Felix , Colquhoun Duncan John
Published: November 2021

The bacterium Pseudomonas anguilliseptica has in recent years emerged as a serious threat to production of lumpfish in Norway. Little is known about the population structure of this bacterium despite its association with disease in a wide range of different fish species throughout the world. The phylogenetic relationships between 53 isolates, primarily derived from diseased lumpfish, but including a number of reference strains from diverse geographical origins and fish species, were reconstructed by Multi-Locus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) using nine housekeeping genes (rpoB, atpD, gyrB, rpoD, ileS, aroE, carA, glnS and recA). MLSA revealed a high degree of relatedness between the studied isolates, altough the seven genotypes identified formed three main phylogenetic lineages. While four genotypes were identified amongst Norwegian lumpfish isolates, a single genotype dominated, irrespective of geographic origin. This suggests the existence of a dominant genotype associated with disease in production of lumpfish in Norwegian aquaculture. Elucidation of the population structure of the bacterium has provided valuable information for potential future vaccine development.
A structured professional development curriculum for postdoctoral fellows leads to recognized knowledge growth
Authors: Steen Kaylee , Vornhagen Jay , Weinberg Zara Y. , Boulanger-Bertolus Julie , Rao Arvind , Gardner Margery Evans , Subramanian Shoba
Published: November 2021

Postdoctoral training enables research independence and professional readiness. National reports have emphasized professional development as a critical component of this training period. In response, many institutions are establishing transferable skills training workshops for postdocs; however, the lack of structured programs and an absence of methods to assess outcomes beyond participant satisfaction surveys are critical gaps in postdoctoral training. To address these shortcomings, we took the approach of structured programming and developed a method for controlled assessment of outcomes. Our program You3 (You, Your Team, Your Project), co-designed by postdoctoral fellows, focused on discussing specific management and leadership skills agnostic of ultimate career path(s) in a structured manner. We then measured outcomes in a controlled manner, by systematically comparing perceived knowledge and growth as indicators of awareness and confidence in participants against that of non-participants as the control group. You3 participants self-rated greater growth in targeted competencies compared to non-participants independent of the number of years of training. This growth was shown by multiple criteria including self-reporting and associative analysis. Correspondingly, You3 participants reported greater knowledge in 75% of the modules when compared to controls. These data indicate that structured learning, where postdocs commit to a curriculum via a cohort-structure, leads to positive outcomes and provides a framework for programs to assess outcomes in a rigorous manner.
Prevalence and correlates of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity among people who inject drugs in the San Diego-Tijuana border region
Authors: Strathdee Steffanie A. , Abramovitz Daniela , Harvey-Vera Alicia , Vera Carlos F. , Rangel Gudelia , Artamonova Irina , Chaillon Antoine , Ignacio Caroline , Calderon Alheli , Martin Natasha K. , Patterson Thomas L.
Published: November 2021

Background

People who inject drugs may be at elevated SARS-CoV-2 risk due to their living conditions and/or exposures when seeking or using drugs. No study to date has reported upon risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among people who inject drugs.

Methods and findings

Between October, 2020 and June, 2021, participants aged ≥18 years from San Diego, California, USA and Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico who injected drugs within the last month underwent interviews and testing for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and antibodies. Binomial regressions identified correlates of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity.

Results

Of 386 participants, SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 36.3% (95% CI: 31.5%-41.1%); 92.1% had detectable IgM antibodies. Only 37.5% had previously been tested. Seroprevalence did not differ by country of residence. None tested RNA-positive. Most (89.5%) reported engaging in ≥1 protective behavior [e.g., facemasks (73.5%), social distancing (46.5%), or increasing handwashing/sanitizers (22.8%)]. In a multivariate model controlling for sex, older age, and Hispanic/Latinx/Mexican ethnicity were independently associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity, as was engaging in sex work (AdjRR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.18–2.27) and having been incarcerated in the past six months (AdjRR: 1.49; 95% CI: 0.97–2.27). Comorbidities and substance using behaviors were not associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity.

Conclusions

In this community-based study of people who inject drugs in the San Diego-Tijuana border region, over one third were SARS-CoV-2 seropositive, exceeding estimates from the general population in either city. We found no evidence that substance use behaviors were associated with an elevated risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but observed that circumstances in the risk environment, notably sex work and incarceration, were independently associated with higher SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence. Our findings suggest that a binational policy response to COVID-19 mitigation is warranted beyond the closure of the U.S.-Mexico border. Furthermore, decriminalizing sex work and drug use could reduce the burden of COVID-19 among people who inject drugs.
TMPRSS2 promotes SARS-CoV-2 evasion from NCOA7-mediated restriction
Authors: Khan Hataf , Winstone Helena , Jimenez-Guardeño Jose M. , Graham Carl , Doores Katie J. , Goujon Caroline , Matthews David A. , Davidson Andrew D. , Rihn Suzannah J. , Palmarini Massimo , Neil Stuart J. D. , Malim Michael H.
Published: November 2021

Interferons play a critical role in regulating host immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, but the interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene (ISG) effectors that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 are not well characterized. The IFN-inducible short isoform of human nuclear receptor coactivator 7 (NCOA7) inhibits endocytic virus entry, interacts with the vacuolar ATPase, and promotes endo-lysosomal vesicle acidification and lysosomal protease activity. Here, we used ectopic expression and gene knockout to demonstrate that NCOA7 inhibits infection by SARS-CoV-2 as well as by lentivirus particles pseudotyped with SARS-CoV-2 Spike in lung epithelial cells. Infection with the highly pathogenic, SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV, or seasonal, HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63, coronavirus Spike-pseudotyped viruses was also inhibited by NCOA7. Importantly, either overexpression of TMPRSS2, which promotes plasma membrane fusion versus endosomal fusion of SARS-CoV-2, or removal of Spike’s polybasic furin cleavage site rendered SARS-CoV-2 less sensitive to NCOA7 restriction. Collectively, our data indicate that furin cleavage sensitizes SARS-CoV-2 Spike to the antiviral consequences of endosomal acidification by NCOA7, and suggest that the acquisition of furin cleavage may have favoured the co-option of cell surface TMPRSS proteases as a strategy to evade the suppressive effects of IFN-induced endo-lysosomal dysregulation on virus infection.
O BEM-ESTAR DO COORDENADOR PEDAGÓGICO NO BRASIL
Authors: Santos Michele Serafim dos , Rebolo Flavinês
Published: November 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa do tipo Estado do Conhecimento, realizada com o objetivo de mapear e analisar as produções científicas sobre o coordenador pedagógico no Brasil. Os textos analisados são teses localizadas na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD/Ibict) e no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento de Professores do Ensino Superior (CTD/CAPES). Para acessar os textos utilizamos a ferramenta eletrônica de busca com as palavras-chave “coordenador pedagógico” e “coordenação pedagógica”, tendo como filtro o recorte temporal de 2009 a 2019. Foram localizados 255 teses, das quais foram selecionadas 25 para análise dos resumos – somente aquelas que tinham como foco a atuação do coordenador pedagógico nas etapas do Ensino Fundamental e Ensino Médio da Educação Básica. As análises apontam que a maior parte das teses encontradas para as palavras-chave “coordenador pedagógico” e “coordenação pedagógica” enfatizam o seu processo formativo. Quanto a temática “bem-estar dos coordenadores pedagógicos”, concluímos que é uma temática ainda não discutida na academia, pois não foi localizado nenhum trabalho sobre o tema. Entendemos, por meio deste Estado do Conhecimento, ter encontrado um campo propício a novas pesquisas.
Sistema para Aquisição de Sinais de Eletrocardiograma como Ferramenta para Fins Acadêmicos
Authors: Alves Felipe Vieira , Campos Chaves Ciro , Muniz Tarsila Oliveira Matos
Published: November 2021

Com a globalização e novos meios digitais, cada vez mais é necessário o uso da tecnologia como instrumento que venha a colaborar com a construção do conhecimento, pois tecnologia refere-se a algo que, desenvolvido, venha facilitar a realização de um trabalho, bem como viabilizar o entendimento e aplicação de uma ação. Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi desenvolver um dispositivo capaz de realizar leituras dos sinais elétricos do coração, a partir das tecnologias da eletrônica, visando a visualização da forma de onda do sinal, como também auxiliar no aprendizado acadêmico na área de engenharia elétrica e biomédica, tornando os estudantes mais familiarizados com os instrumentos e conceitos utilizados pelos profissionais da área. O projeto consiste em um circuito de aquisição, amplificação e filtragem do sinal de ECG. Foi desenvolvido um amplificador capaz de amplificar esses sinais; no entanto, os sinais estão sujeitos a ruídos aleatórios e perturbações que podem dificultar a análise de um sinal ou outro procedimento, sendo indispensável a utilização de filtros apropriados para limpar e condicionar os dados obtidos com maior eficiência e clareza em sua leitura. Os resultados obtidos na aquisição do sinal de ECG foram satisfatórios, como também foi possível desenvolver um material de fácil compreensão, para fins acadêmicos, como auxílio para toda a comunidade especifica na compreensão deste processo.
Sobre la distancia como problema
Authors: Baltar Rosalía , Quintana Isabel Alicia
Published: November 2021

En este dossier nos propusimos reunir una serie de trabajos que analizan, revisan, reactualizan la noción de distancia, concepto central para la teoría literaria. Desde el formalismo ruso este concepto retorna en teorías más actuales y en la literatura contemporánea. La distancia supone una toma de posición en el interior de la literatura respecto al objeto abordado en la que se definen lugares de enunciación, se habilitan espacios y subjetividades invisibilizadas. La distancia es un procedimiento que pone a funcionar otras miradas e inscripciones de los cuerpos, y a la recuperaciónrecuperar de vestigios de la memoria que problematizan la temporalidad. La distancia puede ser un repliegue o un campo extendido en continuo movimiento. Contra las nociones fijistas el giro geográfico propuso otra forma de pensar una cartografía que se reconfigura permanentemente fundando otros territorios, y descolonizando otros. La literatura insiste en este ejercicio que es una forma del extrañamiento.
Un escritor en Nueva York. Héctor Libertella a la distancia
Authors: López Silvana
Published: November 2021

En este trabajo, analizaremos la construcción de la subjetividad marginal del protagonista de la novela Un horizonte de cemento (1940), de Bernardo Kordon, quien cuenta sus experiencias en el Buenos Aires de la Década Infame. El linyera percibe la mirada recelosa de aquellos que lo aíslan y lo llevan a vivir en soledad. Al mismo tiempo, un lenguaje cargado de sinestesias enmarca una experiencia marcada por la pérdida (Didi-Huberman, 2017) y la necesidad de sobrevivir. Durante su recorrido, Tolosa percibe sensaciones diferentes que marcan un alejamiento de lo que necesita. Entonces, el distanciamiento (Shklovski, 2016) opera también a través de la singularización de ciertos elementos de la vida cotidiana detallados como si se experimentaran por primera vez para aumentar la duración de la percepción; es decir, el extrañamiento, derivado de determinados procedimientos narrativos, que va más allá de las apariencias para comprender la realidad representada de manera más profunda (Ginzburg, 2000). Finalmente, observaremos que el vagabundo no se avergüenza de su condición, sino que señala una distancia respecto de la «gente común» y de aquellos protagonistas lúmpenes (Sebreli, 2003) de otras novelas realistas que los presentaban desde afuera, como objetos exóticos o extraños.
Engajamento estudantil e características pessoais dos estudantes em universidades de pesquisa
Authors: Carneiro Ana Maria , Pedreira Leonardo Uchoa
Published: November 2021

As universidades de pesquisa oferecem um ambiente único para o aprendizado e demais experiências dos estudantes. O objetivo do artigo é explorar o engajamento em uma universidade de pesquisa no Brasil, os efeitos das características socioeconômicas e acadêmicas dos estudantes e as associações com as estruturas da universidade, o desempenho acadêmico e trajetórias estudantis. Os dados vieram das respostas ao questionário do survey internacional Student Experience in the Research University e registros acadêmicos longitudinais e foram analisados através de Análise de Componente Principal Regressão Linear Múltipla. Foram obtidos cinco modos de engajamento: dois relativos ao engajamento curricular (um com professores e outro fora da sala de aula); engajamento social e de lazer, desengajamento curricular e engajamento extracurricular. Os principais efeitos estão associados às áreas dos cursos. Em relação à situação de matrícula, observou-se um efeito negativo no engajamento curricular com professores entre os estudantes que evadiram e aqueles que continuavam matriculados depois de 7 anos da aplicação do survey. A pesquisa converge com outros estudos que evidenciam o efeito das áreas do conhecimento para o engajamento do estudante e deste para o sucesso acadêmico.
“Witch doctors” or professionals? The graduates of Mexico´'s first intercultural university and the struggle for legitimacy
Authors: Lloyd Marion
Published: November 2021

Since 2003, the Mexican government has opened 11 intercultural universities serving a total of 15,000 students, a majority of whom are members of Mexico´s Indigenous minority. While there is a growing body of work analyzing the intercultural model from public policy and theoretical perspectives, few studies focus on the experiences of the students and graduates of these institutions. In this article, I share the findings of one such study of the Intercultural University of Mexico State, the pioneer of the intercultural universities. Through interviews with graduates, students, and deans of three undergraduate intercultural programs, I seek to answer a central question, which is rooted in critical and decolonial theory: To what degree does the intercultural model achieve its stated mission of empowering Indigenous students and to what degree does it contribute to the reproduction of inequality? In general, the findings are mixed. While many students share experiences of discrimination in the workplace, and even being derided as “witch-doctors,” they argue that attending an institution with a critical mass of Indigenous students has empowered them personally and professionally, transformed their cultural identities, and given them a new appreciation for their Indigenous roots.
Jak rozumieć relacje międzygatunkowe?
Authors: Lange Łucja , Mamzer Hanna , Gajewska Magdalena
Published: November 2021

Pojęcie relacji międzygatunkowych wydaje się zdroworozsądkowo zrozumiałe. Kiedy jednak przyjrzeć mu się dokładniej, okazuje się, że niesie ono wiele różnych niuansów i niejednoznaczności. W niniejszym tekście przedstawiamy rozważania na temat sensu pojęcia – tego, że odnosi się ono do różnych emocji (relacji o charakterze pozytywnym i opresyjnym), że dotyczy zróżnicowanych aktorów (ludzie, zwierzęta, rośliny i inne byty), że nie jest statyczne, ale dynamiczne. Badamy, jak – o ile w ogóle – to pojęcie mieściło się w klasycznych socjologiach: Émila Durkheima czy Herberta Spencera. Wskazujemy, że analizowanie relacji międzygatunkowych wymaga holistycznego i biocentrycznego (wręcz planetarnego) ujmowania świata,w którym uwzględnia się tak dyskurs naukowy, jak i pozanaukowy. Takie podejście pozwala na odnajdywanie pokrewieństwa (kinship) między bytami.
„Luki historii domagają się domknięcia, a przede wszystkim opisania”. Literatura węgierska wobec Zagłady w latach 1944–1948
Authors: Karolak Sylwia
Published: November 2021

Autorka omawia książkę Kingi Piotrowiak-Junkiert, Od idylli do ironii. Literatura węgierska wobec Zagłady w latach 1944-1948 (Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań 2020).
Źle obecna bis. Polska literatura niezależna na tle środkowoeuropejskim
Authors: Kledzik Emilia
Published: November 2021

Recenzja książki Bogusława Bakuły pt. Nie zależności. Przypadki literatury i kultury poza cenzurą w latach 1976-1989. Wydawnictwo Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne, Poznań 2020, ss. 379
Global Theory Does Not Believe in Tears
Authors: Müller Martin
Published: November 2021

This text is Martin Müller’s response to the comments on his article “In Search of the Global East” by Adam Leszczyński, Jan Sowa, Magda Szcześniak, and Tomasz Zarycki. The author defends in it the perspective of the Global East, advocating for three ways to further intervene in the geopoli-tics of knowledge: revising existing concepts and theories (instead of emulating them), conducting comparative rese-arch beyond the Global East, and extending the theory to geographic areas other than Eastern.
To Avoid the Farce of the Common
Authors: Roggero Gigi
Published: November 2021

To celebrate the 10th anniversary of Praktyka Teoretyczna journal, we have invited our long-lasting collaborators and comrades to reflect once again on the concept of the common and it’s possible futures by posing the following questions: a) what is the most important aspect of the current struggles for the common?; b) what are the biggest challenges for the commonist politics of the future?; and c) where in the ongoing struggles do you see a potential for scaling-up and spreading organisation based on the com- mon? In his reply, Gigi Roggero draws our attention to the necessity of maintaining the link between the common, subjectivity and class composition, if we are to preserve the revolutionary potential of the concept and the practice it implies.
Between a double crisis: precarization, extractivism and the futures of the commonist politics
Authors: Ziotti Narita Felipe
Published: November 2021

To celebrate the 10th anniversary of Praktyka Teoretyczna journal, we have invited our long-lasting collaborators and comrades to reflect once again on the concept of the common and it’s possible futures by posing following questions: a) what is the most important aspect of the current struggles for the common?; b) what are the biggest challenges for the commonist politics of the future?; and c) where in the ongoing struggles do you see a potential for scaling-up and spreading the organisation based on the common? In his reply, Felipe Ziotti Narita situates his answer in the context of contemporary double capitalist crisis, which renders visible the commons as crucial for satisfying collective needs and purposes.ective needs and purposes.doksem własnej genezy.
Habakuk – ein etwas anderer Prophet
Authors: Jeremias Jörg
Published: November 2021

Sowohl formal als auch inhaltlich unterscheidet sich das Buch Habakuk von anderen Prophetenbüchern. Formal überwiegt die induktive Prophetie in Gestalt von Klagegebeten des Propheten und Antworten Gottes die intuitive Prophetie, die von Habakuks Weheworten repräsentiert wird. Inhaltlich tritt das Problem der Theodizee in einer vor dem Buch Habakuk parallellosen Schärfe in den Vordergrund. Die »autobiographische« Gestalt des Buches lässt auf diesem Hintergrund den Propheten zum Vorbild der »Gerechten« werden, die trotz erfahrener Not und der Undurchsichtigkeit des göttlichen Handelns in der Geschichte auf Gottes zugesagtes Heil vertrauen.
Confronting Job’s Demons
Authors: Shnider Steven
Published: November 2021

The theme of demons connects three difficult passages in the Book of Job: Job’s curse on the day of his birth in 3:3–10, Eliphaz’s mocking censure of Job for that curse in 5:6–7, and 38:12–21, God’s challenge to Job for his appeal to demons. A crucial insight is provided by a Talmudic discussion of demons and human suffering, which connects Job 5:6–7 to Psalm 91:5–8.
Presenilin/γ-Secretase Activity Is Located in Acidic Compartments of Live Neurons
Authors: Maesako Masato , Houser Mei C. Q. , Turchyna Yuliia , Wolfe Michael S. , Berezovska Oksana
Published: November 2021

Presenilin (PSEN)/γ-secretase is a protease complex responsible for the proteolytic processing of numerous substrates. These substrates include the amyloid precursor protein (APP), the cleavage of which by γ-secretase results in the production of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides. However, exactly where within the neuron γ-secretase processes APP C99 to generate Aβ and APP intracellular domain (AICD) is still not fully understood. Here, we employ novel Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based multiplexed imaging assays to directly “visualize” the subcellular compartment(s) in which γ-secretase primarily cleaves C99 in mouse cortex primary neurons (from both male and female embryos). Our results demonstrate that γ-secretase processes C99 mainly in LysoTracker-positive low-pH compartments. Using a new immunostaining protocol which distinguishes Aβ from C99, we also show that intracellular Aβ is significantly accumulated in the same subcellular loci. Furthermore, we found functional correlation between the endo-lysosomal pH and cellular γ-secretase activity. Taken together, our findings are consistent with Aβ being produced from C99 by γ-secretase within acidic compartments such as lysosomes and late endosomes in living neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlzheimer's disease (AD) genetics and histopathology highlight the importance of amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing by γ-secretase in pathogenesis. For the first time, this study has enabled us to directly “visualize” that γ-secretase processes C99 mainly in acidic compartments such as late endosomes and lysosomes in live neurons. Furthermore, we uncovered that intracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) is significantly accumulated in the same subcellular loci. Emerging evidence proposes the great importance of the endo-lysosomal pathway in mechanisms of misfolded proteins propagation (e.g., Tau, α-Syn). Therefore, the predominant processing of C99 and enrichment of Aβ in late endosomes and lysosomes may be critical events in the molecular cascade leading to AD.
Influence of roof slope on timber consumption in plane trusses design
Authors: Fraga Iuri Fazolin , Moraes Matheus Henrique Morato de , Menezes Isabella Silva , Arroyo Felipe Nascimento , Almeida João Paulo Boff de , Rodrigues Edson Fernando Castanheira , Mascarenhas Fernando Resende , Aquino Vinícius Borges de Moura , Silva Sérgio Augusto Mello , Lahr Francisco Antonio Rocco , Júnior Wanderlei Malaquias Pereira , Christoforo André Luis
Published: November 2021

The growing world consumption of wood in civil construction is evident, especially in structural roofing systems. Despite being from a renewable source, its rational and intelligent use is of vital importance in the execution of structural designs. Because it is a system that is recognized worldwide in the design of trussing roof structures, there are several empirical assumptions for structural calculation. To reduce timber consumption, some tile manufacturers suggest a 10% (6°) slope between chords. However, after simulations of 11 slopes with angles from 5° to 15°, the timber consumption was inversely proportional to the slope, reaching a 90% difference between extreme angles. The method used to obtain the results was software designed according to the routines prescribed by the new draft standard of ABNT NBR 7190 (2021). Considering a prefabricated truss with 5 cm thickness sections, the design criterion was that of minimum height, increasing by 0.10 cm until all checks were satisfied. Finally, the minimum angle after which no strengthening is required on the bars was 10°.
Interpreting research results for the physical and mechanical properties of wood: An approach not dependent on a juvenile/mature wood boundary
Authors: Sinković Tomislav , Jambreković Branimir , Sedlar Tomislav
Published: November 2021

The interpretation and presentation of research on the physical and mechanical properties of wood in the radial direction is important for the estimation of technological properties in primary wood processing. It is common practice to define the boundary between the juvenile and mature wood zone of tree growth because of the differences in wood properties in these two zones. The juvenile and mature wood zones can be determined statistically based on the significance of the difference in the properties in a particular zone. This paper presents the insufficiency in the statistical determination of the boundary between juvenile and adult wood. Such limitations detract from the potential value and technological exploitation of wood as raw material. Statistical tests yielded zones that were too wide for the transition of juvenile wood to mature wood. Representations of the distribution of properties in the radial direction also complement the knowledge for assessing the technological properties based on the researched use of the presentation of polynomials of the second degree and the display of the Tukey HSD test in the form of comparison tables. The graphical representations by groups of the tested annual rings of fir wood also help to assess the technological properties.
Morphology and color change of pulp fiber sheet in seawater and soil
Authors: Hosaka Akane , Yoshida Makoto , Horikawa Yoshiki , Kose Ryota
Published: November 2021

Paper, or a pulp fiber sheet, is biodegradable and it can be a promising alternative to plastics, thus avoiding a serious form of marine pollution. However, its degradability in marine environments has not been well studied. This study investigated how a network of pulp fibers disintegrates in seawater compared with soil. Samples of pulp fiber sheets were exposed to seawater and soil for 4 months under stationary conditions at 25 °C. Digital photo images and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were used for morphological and color change investigations, while Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis was used to compare the chemical components of the samples before and after degradation. The area of the sample decreased by 22.3% in the seawater. The degradation rate in seawater was much lower than in the soil. The degradation mechanism in seawater was different from that in the soil because of the different microorganisms in each environment.
Statistical prediction of biogas and methane yields during anaerobic digestion based on the composition of lignocellulosic biomass
Authors: Stachowiak–Wencek Agata , Bocianowski Jan , Waliszewska Hanna , Borysiak Sławomir , Waliszewska Bogusława , Zborowska Magdalena
Published: November 2021

In the described study, the relationships between the percentage and structure of selected lignocellulosic components and the efficiency of their anaerobic digestion and the quality of the produced biogas were analyzed. This research included various lignocellulosic raw materials. The biogas efficiency and quality tests were carried out according to DIN standard 38 414-8 (1985) and VDI standard 4630 (2016). Multiple TAPPI standards and the Seifert method were used to determine the chemical composition of the lignocellulose materials. Lignin structure analysis was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Wide-angle X-Ray scattering analysis was used to determine the degree of crystallinity of cellulose. The biogas was positively correlated with C=O and the syringyl to guaiacyl ratio, and negatively correlated with the crystalline structure of cellulose, lignin, cellulose, and extractives. In addition, methane was positively correlated with holocellulose and extractives and negatively correlated with the crystalline structure of cellulose, cellulose, substances soluble in NaOH, and the OH groups. The found independent features accounted for 86.0% of the biogas variability and 68.0% of the methane variability.
Application of frankincense and rice starch as eco-friendly substances for the resizing of paper as a conservation practice
Authors: Hassan Rushdya Rabee Ali , Mahmoud Salwa Moustafa Amer , Karam Youssef Ahmed , Salah Shaimaa Mohamed , Ebrahim Sara Yousef , Abdelwahab Mahmoud Adel , Ahmed Al-Hussein Muhammad Hassan , Ali Hayssam M. , Böhm Martin , Salem Mohamed Z. M.
Published: November 2021

Smart, environmentally friendly alternatives, i.e., frankincense and rice starch, are recommended for usage in modern paper conservation processes during the re-sizing process treatments. Different concentrations of frankincense and rice starch were applied to paper samples before and after ageing. Multiple analysis methods were performed to ensure the effectiveness of these materials. Promising results were found, but at varying degrees according to the type and concentration of the materials. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated that the frankincense particles were completely absorbed into the cell walls after ageing. Results indicated that there was no considerable change in pH before and after treatment or ageing; the best results for decreasing the acidity utilized a treatment with a mixture of frankincense and rice starch in a 2 to 1 ratio (F2S1). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy illustrated an increased CH2 region and decreased OH stretching as a result of the bonds formed from the starch and crystals formed by frankincense, which agreed with the increased coating and strength of the paper fibers. The total color change values of all the treated samples after ageing were less than 4.5. Frankincense was found to provide strength in supporting wood fibers.