bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Short Review of Cavity-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Gas Analysis
Authors: Niklas Christian , Wackerbarth Hainer , Ctistis Georgios
Published: March 2021

The market of gas sensors is mainly governed by electrochemical, semiconductor, and non-dispersive infrared absorption (NDIR)-based optical sensors. Despite offering a wide range of detectable gases, unknown gas mixtures can be challenging to these sensor types, as appropriate combinations of sensors need to be chosen beforehand, also reducing cross-talk between them. As an optical alternative, Raman spectroscopy can be used, as, in principle, no prior knowledge is needed, covering nearly all gas compounds. Yet, it has the disadvantage of a low quantum yield through a low scattering cross section for gases. There have been various efforts to circumvent this issue by enhancing the Raman yield through different methods. For gases, in particular, cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy shows promising results. Here, cavities can be used to enhance the laser beam power, allowing higher laser beam-analyte interaction lengths, while also providing the opportunity to utilize lower cost equipment. In this work, we review cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, particularly the general research interest into this topic, common setups, and already achieved resolutions.
Cicada Wing Inspired Template-Stripped SERS Active 3D Metallic Nanostructures for the Detection of Toxic Substances
Authors: Nair Srijit , Gomez-Cruz Juan , Ascanio Gabriel , Docoslis Aristides , Sabat Ribal Georges , Escobedo Carlos
Published: March 2021

This article introduces a bioinspired, cicada wing-like surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on template-stripped crossed surface relief grating (TS-CSRG). The substrate is polarization-independent, has tunable nanofeatures and can be fabricated in a cleanroom-free environment via holographic exposure followed by template-stripping using a UV-curable resin. The bioinspired nanostructures in the substrate are strategically designed to minimize the reflection of light for wavelengths shorter than their periodicity, promoting enhanced plasmonic regions for the Raman excitation wavelength at 632.8 nm over a large area. The grating pitch that enables an effective SERS signal is studied using Rhodamine 6G, with enhancement factors of the order of 1 × 104. Water contact angle measurements reveal that the TS-CSRGs are equally hydrophobic to cicada wings, providing them with potential self-cleaning and bactericidal properties. Finite-difference time-domain simulations are used to validate the nanofabrication parameters and to further confirm the polarization-independent electromagnetic field enhancement of the nanostructures. As a real-world application, label-free detection of melamine up to 1 ppm, the maximum concentration of the contaminant in food permitted by the World Health Organization, is demonstrated. The new bioinspired functional TS-CSRG SERS substrate holds great potential as a large-area, label-free SERS-active substrate for medical and biochemical sensing applications.
Microfluidic Modules Integrated with Microwave Components—Overview of Applications from the Perspective of Different Manufacturing Technologies
Authors: Jasińska Laura , Malecha Karol
Published: March 2021

The constant increase in the number of microfluidic-microwave devices can be explained by various advantages, such as relatively easy integration of various microwave circuits in the device, which contains microfluidic components. To achieve the aforementioned solutions, four trends of manufacturing appear—manufacturing based on epoxy-glass laminates, polymer materials (mostly common in use are polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polymethyl 2-methylpropenoate (PMMA)), glass/silicon substrates, and Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCCs). Additionally, the domains of applications the microwave-microfluidic devices can be divided into three main fields—dielectric heating, microwave-based detection in microfluidic devices, and the reactors for microwave-enhanced chemistry. Such an approach allows heating or delivering the microwave power to the liquid in the microchannels, as well as the detection of its dielectric parameters. This article consists of a literature review of exemplary solutions that are based on the above-mentioned technologies with the possibilities, comparison, and exemplary applications based on each aforementioned technology.
Enhanced LDM for Next-Generation Digital Broadcasting Transmission
Authors: Deng Xianzheng , Bian Xin , Li Mingqi
Published: March 2021

In the traditional layered division multiplexing (LDM) system, by simply adjusting the injection level, the reception performance of the core layer (CL) mobile services will be decreased significantly, resulting in the deterioration of system coverage performance. Thus, it is necessary to improve the performance of the enhanced layer (EL) service reception without affecting the reception threshold of CL service. To achieve this, in this paper, an enhanced LDM (En-LDM) scheme that supports multi-service transmission is proposed for the next-generation broadcasting network. In this scheme, at the transmitter end, part of the low-density parity-check (LDPC) coded data stream of fixed service conveyed in the EL will be extracted out through puncturing, and then, it will be transmitted over the CL of the LDM signal along with the original CL data in a frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) manner. At the receiving end, the punctured data of the EL fixed service will be recovered with a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Compared to the traditional LDM scheme, the proposed En-LDM scheme can significantly improve the reception performance of fixed services without decreasing the SNR threshold of mobile services. Moreover, the En-LDM can achieve a higher channel capacity than that of the traditional LDM for both the fixed services and the overall services. The superiority of the proposed En-LDM scheme over the traditional LDM scheme is validated by the simulation under the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and fading channels.
Measurement of Atmospheric CO2 Column Concentrations Based on Open-Path TDLAS
Authors: Xin Fengxin , Li Jie , Guo Jinjia , Yang Dewang , Wang Yong , Tang Qiuhua , Liu Zhishen
Published: March 2021

Monitoring of CO2 column concentrations is valuable for atmospheric research. A mobile open-path system was developed based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) to measure atmospheric CO2 column concentrations. A laser beam was emitted downward from a distributed feedback diode laser at 2 μm and then reflected by the retroreflector array on the ground. We measured the CO2 column concentrations over the 20 and 110 m long vertical path. Several single-point sensors were distributed at different heights to provide comparative measurements for the open-path TDLAS system. The results showed that the minimum detection limit of system was 0.52 ppm. Some similarities were observed in trends from the open-path TDLAS system and these sensors, but the average of these sensors was more consistent with the open-path TDLAS system values than the single-point measurement. These field measurements demonstrate the feasibility of open-path TDLAS for measuring the CO2 column concentration and monitoring carbon emission over large areas.
The Role of Diagnostic Nasal Endoscopy and a Computed Tomography Scan (Nose and PNS) in the Assessment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Comparative Evaluation of the Two Techniques
Authors: Nathan Karthika , Majhi Sudhir Kumar , Bhardwaj Rohit , Gupta Ankur , Ponnusamy Sabarirajan , Basu Chirayata , Kaushal Aditya
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The objective components of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) diagnosis require confirmatory findings from either diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE) or a computed tomography (CT) scan. Chronic rhinosinusitis affects a significant population worldwide, imposing a huge toll on the human economy as well as on quality of life. Thus, it is particularly important to define a cost-effective and easily available diagnostic tool for it. Hence, we have conducted this study with the aim of assessing the effectiveness of DNE in comparison with CT for evaluating CRS. Material and Methods: Eighty participants fulfilling the diagnostic symptom criteria of CRS underwent CTs of their noses and paranasal sinuses (PNS) and DNE. Standard Lund–Mackay and Lund–Kennedy scores were awarded to all participants based on the CT and DNE. A comparative analysis was done. Results: DNE in comparison to CT had 92.31% sensitivity, 73.33% specificity, 93.75% positive predictive value, 68.75% negative predictive value, and 88.75% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: We suggest that nasal endoscopy be used as an early diagnostic tool in the clinical assessment of suspected CRS patients (based on the diagnostic symptom criteria). DNE helps to decrease the usage of CT, thereby decreasing cost and radiation exposure. Computed tomography may be added for patients having anatomical defects (affecting endoscopic visualization) or refractory disease, and where surgery has been planned.
Identification of Factors Influencing Development of Photovoltaic (PV) Implementation in Singapore
Authors: Lau Siu-Kit , Kosorić Vesna , Bieri Monika , Nobre André.M.
Published: March 2021

Despite the steady growth of grid-connected installed capacity in Singapore in the last decade and intensive government effort towards “solarization”, implementation of photovoltaics (PV) and especially building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) into the built environment has not gathered as much momentum as would have been expected given the country’s ample solar energy resource potential, strong economic fundamentals and the robust real estate sector. Based on a conducted web-survey and qualitative interviews among local professionals, this paper examines the obstacles, potentials and drivers that could facilitate and accelerate BIPV and PV façade integration, as well as needs that could encourage wider PV use. In order to define a unified strategy, aligning the stakeholders’ views, the following disputable factors are pointed out and discussed: (1) incomplete understanding of BIPV and building-applied photovoltaics (BAPV) among stakeholders, (2) costs of BIPV systems, (3) low awareness of and confidence in “integrability” of PV modules, (4) incomplete knowledge about and insufficiently investigated PV performance and (5) potential of PV façade and roof integration. Since the costs are the key identified factor for BIPV implementation, life-cycle cost (LCC) assessments of PV façade and roof integrations have been performed, which supported the search for solutions to identified problems. The performed analysis and findings present the basis for the development of a long-term holistic strategy for PV implementation in Singapore that could help the highly-urbanized, tropical resource- and land-constrained island city-state reduce the dependency on fossil fuels and achieve the climate change targets, thus promoting a more sustainable built environment.
Classification of Sediment Quality according to Its Behavior in the Accelerated Particle Wear Test (APW)
Authors: Pagán José I. , Tenza-Abril Antonio J. , Aragonés Luis , Villacampa Yolanda , López Isabel
Published: March 2021

One of the main problems faced in coastal management is the loss or destruction of beaches due to erosion. A considerable diversity of factors is involved in coastal erosion, which makes it a complex system to study. The quality of the material that constitutes the beach, as well as the choice of appropriate materials for its nourishment are two of the main ones. Therefore, to make future nourishment projects more sustainable and durable, this work proposes a sediment quality classification based on the physical properties and wear process obtained through laboratory tests. The study of these variables, using principal component analysis, discriminant analysis and ANOVA, has divided the quality of 70 samples into three main groups. A Sediment Quality Classification Index (SQCI) is proposed, which categorizes the quality of the material into poor, regular or good, providing the coastal engineer with a simple tool to ensure more sustainable beach nourishments.
Instagram Users’ Information Acceptance Process for Food-Content
Authors: Lee Hee-Min , Kang Jee-Won , Namkung Young
Published: March 2021

Taking pictures of food and sharing them on social networking services has now become a general consumer trend. In particular, many companies are interested in Instagram marketing due to the increase in users and word-of-mouth effect generated by using hashtags. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate Instagram users’ food-content acceptance processes by applying the information adoption model. Sample data for this study was collected by an online survey company and a total of 333 valid responses were analyzed. The study found significant relationships between food-content quality—accuracy, relevance, and conciseness—and information usefulness. Among the factors constituting source credibility, source trustworthiness and hashtag scalability were found to have a significant relationship with information usefulness. Information adoption mediated the relationship between information usefulness and continued use of food-content Instagram/information sharing intentions. The theoretical and managerial implications based on these findings can contribute to designing marketing strategies.
Impact of Environmental, Social Values and the Consideration of Future Consequences for the Development of a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention
Authors: Yasir Nosheena , Mahmood Nasir , Mehmood Hafiz Shakir , Babar Muhammad , Irfan Muhammad , Liren An
Published: March 2021

Sustainable entrepreneurship focuses on finding ways to monetize future products, nature conservation, life support, and communities. Therefore, the intention has been identified as one of the key drivers to perceive business opportunities and ultimately leverage them, which increases interest in investigating it, especially from a sustainability perspective. The purpose of this study was to investigate the intention of sustainable entrepreneurship through a modified version of the theory of planned behavior based on survey data of 520 university students studying in Punjab, Pakistan and using structural equation modeling for quantitative analysis. The study sought to incorporate three additional constructs (environmental values, social values, and consideration of future consequences) to explain the relationship between the antecedents of sustainable entrepreneurial intention. This study shows that sustainable entrepreneurship, social norms, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control praise students’ sustainable intentions. Environmental values, intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, and consideration of future consequences (CFC-F and CFC-I) indirectly influence sustainable entrepreneurial intentions. The study also highlights the contradictory roles of CFC-I in reversing the pursuit of sustainable entrepreneurship. Indeed, the finding proposed that educational and other practitioners can improve attitudes and behaviors by promoting sustainable entrepreneurship through value creation and forward-looking activation strategies.
Maximum Power Point Tracking of PV Systems under Partial Shading Conditions Based on Opposition-Based Learning Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Abo-Khalil Ahmed G. , Alharbi Walied , Al-Qawasmi Abdel-Rahman , Alobaid Mohammad , Alarifi Ibrahim M.
Published: March 2021

This work presents an alternative to the conventional photovoltaic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods, by using an opposition-based learning firefly algorithm (OFA) that improves the performance of the Photovoltaic (PV) system both in the uniform irradiance changes and in partial shading conditions. The firefly algorithm is based on fireflies’ search for food, according to which individuals emit progressively more intense glows as they approach the objective, attracting the other fireflies. Therefore, the simulation of this behavior can be conducted by solving the objective function that is directly proportional to the distance from the desired result. To implement this algorithm in case of partial shading conditions, it was necessary to adjust the Firefly Algorithm (FA) parameters to fit the MPPT application. These parameters have been extensively tested, converging satisfactorily and guaranteeing to extract the global maximum power point (GMPP) in the cases of normal and partial shading conditions analyzed. The precise adjustment of the coefficients was made possible by visualizing the movement of the particles during the convergence process, while opposition-based learning (OBL) was used with FA to accelerate the convergence process by allowing the particle to move in the opposite direction. The proposed algorithm was simulated in the closest possible way to authentic operating conditions, and variable irradiance and partial shading conditions were implemented experimentally for a 60 [W] PV system. A two-stage PV grid-connected system was designed and deployed to validate the proposed algorithm. In addition, a comparison between the performance of the Perturbation and Observation (P&O) method and the proposed method was carried out to prove the effectiveness of this method over the conventional methods in tracking the GMPP.
Time Allocation between Paid and Unpaid Work among Men and Women: An Empirical Study of Indian Villages
Authors: Reddy A. Amarender , Mittal Surabhi , Singha Roy Namrata , Kanjilal-Bhaduri Sanghamitra
Published: March 2021

The paper examines the time allocation between paid work (wage earning or self-employed work generally termed as employment work) and unpaid (domestic chores/care work generally termed as non-employment work) along with wage rates, imputed earnings, and occupational structure among men and women and according to different social groups to establish the extent to which the rural labour market is discriminated by sex and social group. The major objective of the paper is to show the differential in wage income between men and women in farm and non-farm activities. The paper also shows the division of time between employment and non-employment activities by men and women. The paper uses high-frequency data and applies econometric techniques to know the factors behind time allocation among different activities across gender. The study finds that males spend more hours on employment work and work at a higher wage rate than females. As a result, a vast monetary income gap between men and women is observed, even though women worked more hours if employment and non-employment activities are jointly taken into consideration. Time spent on employment work and non-employment (mainly domestic chores) has been found to vary significantly due to social identity, household wealth, land, income, education, and skill. The segregation of labour market by sex was evident in this study, with men shifting to non-farm occupations with greater monetary returns and continued dependence on women’s farm activities. Enhancing the ownership of land and other assets, encouraging women’s participation particularly among minorities, and improving health are some of the policy recommendations directed from this study to enhance participation in employment work and shifting towards higher wage income employment.
A Policy Approach towards Achieving Regional Economic Resilience in Developing Countries: Evidence from the SADC
Authors: Pretorius Ockert , Drewes Ernst , van Aswegen Mariske , Malan Gerard
Published: March 2021

External economic shocks such as the global financial crisis (GFC) affect regional economic growth in developing regions through impacting export demand and capital inflows. Resilience to these economic shocks—i.e., the ability to recover from the initial impact and prolonged effects of said shocks—is influenced by the inherent vulnerability of regional economies to their impact. The research objective is to investigate regional economic resilience policy in the context of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), and the wider perspective of trading blocs among developing countries. Central hereto is undertaking an equilibrium and econometric analysis to identify endogenous and exogenous factors of the regional economy that influence economic resilience. Analysis findings indicate that economic openness, export market dynamics and sectoral composition may influence economic resilience. SADC vulnerability may be attributed to the dependence on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and exports to higher-income markets, relatively low import tariffs and the comparative importance of tertiary activities to output. A balanced regional policy approach is required: one focused on industrialization, while incorporating elements to support economic resilience. The latter includes increased intra-regional trade anchored in the development of regional supply and value chains which support primary sector activities, and capacitated supranational institutions to oversee regional integration initiatives.
Utilizing Topic-Based Similar Commit Information and CNN-LSTM Algorithm for Bug Localization
Authors: Yang Geunseok , Lee Byungjeong
Published: March 2021

With the use of increasingly complex software, software bugs are inevitable. Software developers rely on bug reports to identify and fix these issues. In this process, developers inspect suspected buggy source code files, relying heavily on a bug report. This process is often time-consuming and increases the cost of software maintenance. To resolve this problem, we propose a novel bug localization method using topic-based similar commit information. First, the method determines similar topics for a given bug report. Then, it extracts similar bug reports and similar commit information for these topics. To extract similar bug reports on a topic, a similarity measure is calculated for a given bug report. In the process, for a given bug report and source code, features shared by similar source codes are classified and extracted; combining these features improves the method’s performance. The extracted features are presented to the convolutional neural network’s long short-term memory algorithm for model training. Finally, when a bug report is submitted to the model, a suspected buggy source code file is detected and recommended. To evaluate the performance of our method, a baseline performance comparison was conducted using code from open-source projects. Our method exhibits good performance.
Exploring Biophysical Linkages between Coastal Forestry Management Practices and Aquatic Bivalve Contaminant Exposure
Authors: Scully-Engelmeyer Kaegan , Granek Elise F. , Nielsen-Pincus Max , Lanier Andy , Rumrill Steven S. , Moran Patrick , Nilsen Elena , Hladik Michelle L. , Pillsbury Lori
Published: March 2021

Terrestrial land use activities present cross-ecosystem threats to riverine and marine species and processes. Specifically, pesticide runoff can disrupt hormonal, reproductive, and developmental processes in aquatic organisms, yet non-point source pollution is difficult to trace and quantify. In Oregon, U.S.A., state and federal forestry pesticide regulations, designed to meet regulatory water quality requirements, differ in buffer size and pesticide applications. We deployed passive water samplers and collected riverine and estuarine bivalves Margaritifera falcata, Mya arenaria, and Crassostrea gigas from Oregon Coast watersheds to examine forestry-specific pesticide contamination. We used non-metric multidimensional scaling and regression to relate concentrations and types of pesticide contamination across watersheds to ownership and management metrics. In bivalve samples collected from eight coastal watersheds, we measured twelve unique pesticides (two herbicides; three fungicides; and seven insecticides). Pesticides were detected in 38% of bivalve samples; and frequency and maximum concentrations varied by season, species, and watershed with indaziflam (herbicide) the only current-use forestry pesticide detected. Using passive water samplers, we measured four current-use herbicides corresponding with planned herbicide applications; hexazinone and atrazine were most frequently detected. Details about types and levels of exposure provide insight into effectiveness of current forest management practices in controlling transport of forest-use pesticides.
Prevalence and Genetic Characterisation of Human Sapovirus from Children with Diarrhoea in the Rural Areas of Vhembe District, South Africa, 2017–2020
Authors: Magwalivha Mpho , Ngandu Jean-Pierre Kabue , Traore Afsatou Ndama , Potgieter Natasha
Published: March 2021

Diarrhoeal disease is considered an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing areas, and a large contributor to the burden of disease in children younger than five years of age. This study investigated the prevalence and genogroups of human sapovirus (SV) in children ≤5 years of age in rural communities of Vhembe district, South Africa. Between 2017 and 2020, a total of 284 stool samples were collected from children suffering with diarrhoea (n = 228) and from children without diarrhoea (n = 56). RNA extraction using Boom extraction method, and screening for SV using real-time PCR were done in the lab. Positive samples were subjected to conventional RT-PCR targeting the capsid fragment. Positive sample isolates were genotyped using Sanger sequencing. Overall SV were detected in 14.1% (40/284) of the stool samples (16.7% (38/228) of diarrhoeal and 3.6% (2/56) of non-diarrhoeal samples). Significant correlation between SV positive cases and water sources was noted. Genogroup-I was identified as the most prevalent strain comprising 81.3% (13/16), followed by SV-GII 12.5% (2/16) and SV-GIV 6.2% (1/16). This study provides valuable data on prevalence of SV amongst outpatients in rural and underdeveloped communities, and highlights the necessity for further monitoring of SV circulating strains as potential emerging strains.
System Dynamics-Multiple Objective Optimization Model for Water Resource Management: A Case Study in Jiaxing City, China
Authors: Zhou Xiaoying , Wang Feier , Huang Kuan , Zhang Huichun , Yu Jie , Han Alan Y.
Published: March 2021

Predicting and allocating water resources have become important tasks in water resource management. System dynamics and optimal planning models are widely applied to solve individual problems, but are seldom combined in studies. In this work, we developed a framework involving a system dynamics-multiple objective optimization (SD-MOO) model, which integrated the functions of simulation, policy control, and water allocation, and applied it to a case study of water management in Jiaxing, China to demonstrate the modeling. The predicted results of the case study showed that water shortage would not occur at a high-inflow level during 2018–2035 but would appear at mid- and low-inflow levels in 2025 and 2022, respectively. After we made dynamic adjustments to water use efficiency, economic growth, population growth, and water resource utilization, the predicted water shortage rates decreased by approximately 69–70% at the mid- and low-inflow levels in 2025 and 2035 compared to the scenarios without any adjustment strategies. Water allocation schemes obtained from the “prediction + dynamic regulation + optimization” framework were competitive in terms of social, economic and environmental benefits and flexibly satisfied the water demands. The case study demonstrated that the SD-MOO model framework could be an effective tool in achieving sustainable water resource management.
Erratum: Kabeja, C., et al. The Impact of Reforestation Induced Land Cover Change (1990–2017) on Flood Peak Discharge Using HEC-HMS Hydrological Model and Satellite Observations: A Study in Two Mountain Basins, China. Water 2020, 12, 1347
Authors: Kabeja Crispin , Li Rui , Guo Jianping , Rwatangabo Digne Edmond Rwabuhungu , Manyifika Marc , Gao Zongting , Wang Yipu , Zhang Yuxiang
Published: March 2021

In the original article, there was a mistake in Figure 1 as published [...]
Colloquial Speech of University Studentsâ€™ Utterance
Authors: Lubis Fauziah Khairani , Bahri Syamsul
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to know more about the use of colloquial speech that grows and develops in the youth generation particularly college students. The researcher applied a qualitative descriptive research method with the theory of types of colloquial speech according to Yule (2010) as a detailed explanation. The research subject was students majoring in the English department at the language and art faculty, State University of Medan. Participant observation and interviews were the technique in collecting data. The result showed that from fifty samples of data, there were only seven of nine types shown by students namely, coinage, borrowing, compounding, blending, clipping, acronyms, and multiple processes. College students tend to show the use of coinage, blending, and acronyms. Communicating using colloquial speech or slang can help the user look more relaxed, cooler, confident, and not left behind. The informants adopt colloquial speech from online media even surrounding where they lived and applied it to the daily conversation with groups of friends.
Research for the conservation of cultural heritage in the context
of the circular economy
Authors: ILIEȘ DORINA CAMELIA , LITE MIHAELA-CRISTINA , INDRIE LILIANA , MARCU FLORIN , MOȘ CĂLIN , ROPA MĂDĂLINA , STURZU BOGDAN , COSTEA MONICA , ALBU ADINA VICTORIA , SZABO-ALEXI PAUL , SAMBOU ALPHONSE , HERMAN GRIGORE VASILE , CACIORA TUDOR , HODOR NICOLAIE
Published: March 2021

The heritage woven objects could be analyzed for defects hidden to the naked eye using non-invasive and
non-destructive ultrasonography techniques. Ultrasonography is able to offer information about altered areas, such as
gasps, interruptions, discontinuances, narrowed areas, fiber breaks, different densities of the material, defects caused
by natural or anthropic factors: improper storage and exposure conditions, the presence of microorganisms and traces
of their activity, mechanical causes etc. By recycling of the cotton fibers from other decrepit materials, which are not
directly usable, the recondition and rendition of the national and world cultural heritage of these refurbished objects
would be accomplished. The impact on the environment is diminished compared to the case when new cotton fibers are
created.
Digitalization of garment in the context of circular economy
Authors: ALBU ADINA VICTORIA , CACIORA TUDOR , BERDENOV ZHARAS , ILIES DORINA CAMELIA , STURZU BOGDAN , SOPOTA DANIELA , HERMAN GRIGORE VASILE , ILIES ALEXANDRU , KECSE GABRIELLA , GHERGHELES CARMEN GEORGETA
Published: March 2021

One of the principles of the circular economy is to recycle used or unused materials, in order to reuse them in the
creation of new objects or the restoration of old ones. But due to the fragility, some of these materials, such as old textiles
and clothing, are quite difficult to handle. This study presents a completely digital method with the help of which two
pieces of clothing of different ages and physical properties, have been restored and stylized; the two pieces are made
up of a traditional Romanian women’s shirt about 100 years old and a modern sports t-shirt. For the application of the
principles of the circular economy, the restoration-stylization processes of the pieces were based on the material and
ornaments collected digitally from a series of old Romanian towels, which are currently no longer used. For this we
considered the creation of 3D models of all the materials considered by the method of photogrammetry in Agisoft
Metashape 1.6.2 Professional Edition and their processing in MeshLab 2020.2, as well as the vectorization of traditional
motifs in ArcGis 10.6. Such an approach limits to the minimum the numbers of attempts that the restores have at their
disposal while also allowing the obtaining, storage and transmission of information about traditional textiles, aimed at
capturing the imagination of modern artists and designers to restore them for future generations.
Considerations regarding the purchase behaviour for clothes made from
recycled textile waste in Turkey
Authors: ONCIOIU IONICA , IFRIM ANA MARIA , PETRESCU MARIUS , PETRESCU ANCA GABRIELA , PETCU CĂTĂLIN , SILVESTRU CĂTĂLIN IONUȚ
Published: March 2021

Today, more than ever, the increasing levels of recycled textile waste ratios in Turkey make a significant contribution to
the development of a sustainable future at global level. This research paper aims to present the attitudes, motives and
experiences of the Turkish purchase intention related to textile products coming from the recycling of unused, old or
faulty textile products. A quantitative marketing research was carried out on a sample of over 650 participants on the
data provided by the questionnaire which focuses on studying the consumer behaviour of textile products coming from
the recycling of unused, old or faulty textile products, influenced by endogenous (psychological) and exogenous
(sociological) variables. A series of general hypotheses and statistical assumptions were made, the results of which were
presented through testing using a series of econometric formulas. The results show important aspects regarding the
purchase intention of the textile products coming from the recycling of unused, old or faulty textile products and they also
describe the evolution of the market shares of green textile products, based on the perceptions of the Turkish population.
Les buzzwords d’origine anglaise dans la langue française : simples anglicismes ou véritables néologismes ?
Authors: Jeandidier Aliénor
Published: March 2021

Depuis la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, la mondialisation, l’expansion des médias et le développement des nouvelles technologies ont contribué à ériger l’anglais en langue internationale. Aussi est-il fréquent de rencontrer des anglicismes en français. Ces anglicismes pourraient être considérés comme des néologismes, n’étant pas issus de la langue française. Les buzzwords d’origine anglaise feraient partie de ces néologismes d’importation étrangère. Ces mots et expressions concourent à la création d’un phénomène de communication – le buzz – autour d’une idée perçue comme inédite. Ils tendent ensuite à disparaître ou à se banaliser, comme le ferait tout effet de mode. Les buzzwords d’origine anglaise sont cependant difficiles à cerner : sont-ils de simples anglicismes, ou comportent-ils des caractéristiques qui leur sont propres ? Comment, en outre, saisir l’essence du buzzword dont la vocation, semble-t-il, n’est pas de durer ?Cette étude se veut indicative d’un phénomène de communication relativement récent et contemporain. Elle examine différents types de buzzwords d’origine anglaise dans la langue française et tente de dégager leurs caractéristiques linguistiques. Notre contribution s’appuie sur une base de données constituée à partir d’échantillons récoltés dans les médias français et dans notre quotidien. Nous tâcherons en conséquence de définir les relations entre buzzwords d’origine anglaise, anglicismes et néologismes. Nous espérons ainsi montrer l’intérêt que ces buzzwords représentent en matière de néologie.
La syntaxe de l’adjectif attribut russe
Authors: Sakhno Serguei
Published: March 2021

Le choix entre les formes courte et longue est souvent problématique dans le cas de l’adjectif attribut russe malgré un grand nombre d’études détaillées consacrées à ce sujet. Nous analysons quelques cas concrets de la langue russe moderne qui démontrent différentes déviations de la norme en vigueur. Notre propos consiste à dire que les modèles descriptifs les plus appropriés pourraient se baser sur la distinction entre système, norme et usage.
“How to be happy” according to Cosmopolitan: The metaphors of happiness at the service of positive psychology and neoliberalism ideology
Authors: Gomez Vicente Lucia
Published: March 2021

The metaphorical representation of happiness in the women’s magazine industry appears to be of particular interest at the moment. Indeed, different political, social and economic actors have made happiness become one of the main objectives of Western societies, both at the individual (self-fulfillment, satisfaction, happiness) and at the collective (workplace wellness, well-being of society) level. However, beneath these laudable ideals, and despite their altruistic, apolitical and ideology-free appearance, there lies a discourse that pursues very clear objectives of benefit only to certain interest groups [Illouz & Cabanas 2018]. The women’s press represents a privileged source in the understanding of the expectations faced by women [Blandin 2018] and, perhaps in a more general way, by individuals in a particular culture. Finally, the metaphors used enable us to analyze certain thought patterns specific to some discourses [Charteris-Black 2004]. The aim of this paper is thus to understand how happiness is represented metaphorically in Cosmopolitan magazine and to determine whether this representation corresponds to an ideological agenda. A corpus-based analysis of the metaphors of happiness used in the Cosmopolitan magazine has been conducted. The results show that most of these metaphors can be categorized according to six conceptual patterns related to the notions of ‘strength’ and ‘limit’. The metaphors of happiness found in this corpus are shown to be ideologically charged and strongly related to positive psychology and neoliberal ideology.
Inventory and situational analysis of recreational and water protection infrastructures on water bodies in the South of Western Siberia
Authors:   I.V. Andreyeva, S.V. Tsilikina
Published: March 2021

The article presents results of the inventory of recreation facilities in the river basins (the Aley, the Charysh, and the Chumysh) and lakes (Bolshoye Yarovoe, Zavyalovo, and Chany) in the South of Western Siberia. The article shows the actual interaction of elements of recreational and water protection infrastructure on recreation-significant areas of the coast. Out of 72 objects identified in the study area, 19 are located within the water protection zone of water bodies. Potential conflicts of land use and benefits of joint development of recreational and water protection facilities were assessed on the coasts. For spatial analysis, specialized indicators are proposed: the coastal protection index and the recreational reserve index. The results of calculation of indices on the example of basins of key water bodies are presented and their differentiation by the degree of protection of the coast and the level of development of recreational infrastructure is shown. Conclusions are drawn about the need to clarify the theoretical and methodological tools for making tactical and strategic decisions in the management of recreational areas.
On application of artificial neural networks for modeling of water consumption.
Authors:   A.N. Salugin, R.N. Balkushkin
Published: March 2021

The article shows the capabilities of artificial neural networks built on radial basis functions for the study of water consumption by various branches of the Don River basin water system. The use of mathematical models in the form of a system of differentiated equations is hampered by the uncertainty of the coefficients in their right-hand sides, which describe the intensities of processes of different natures: precipitation, water consumption by various sectors of the water management complex, water runoff during snow melting, transpiration, infiltration, etc. As a rule, these parameters are random, and the mathematical models describing the water balance are stochastic. The use of neural networks is very fruitful here. Without going into the physical essence of the processes, they can be used to approximate and make reliable predictions, which is a prerequisite for the development of dynamic-stochastic concepts in the management of water resources.
Efficient Hybrid Cryptography Algorithm
Authors: Hoobi Mayes M.
Published: March 2021

Cryptography is the operation of transferring a specific message to prevent an attacker from accessing the contents of a message. To increase the level of security in any communication, both parties must have a copy of the encryption key. The Data Encryption Standard algorithm is insufficient due to its weak key generation, so that the key must be reconfigured to make this algorithm more secure, effective, and stronger. The key for encryption enhances securities of the Data Encryption Standard algorithm. This research assumed a combination of two efficient encryption algorithms to achieve the goal of information security by adding a new level of security to the Data Encryption Standard algorithm using the elliptic curve cryptography algorithm. This aim was met by adding two new key functions; the first one is EncK(), and the second one is DecK() for an encryption and decryption key of the Data Encryption Standard algorithm to make this algorithm more secure against attackers. The results obtained from this research also demonstrate good resistance against a brute-force attack, which makes the system more effective by applying the elliptic curve cryptography algorithm to encrypt and decrypt keys using the Data Encryption Standard. In addition, these modifications enhance the degree of complexity, increase key search space, and make the ciphered message more difficult for an attacker to crack.
Bayesian estimation of equivalent circuit parameters of photovoltaic cells
Authors: Tada Kazuya
Published: March 2021

The equivalent circuit model of a photovoltaic cell is useful for understanding device loss mechanisms as well as the design and analysis of systems using photovoltaic cells. Although nonlinear least-squares methods are routinely applied for the extraction of equivalent circuit parameters using current–voltage characteristic curves, they only yield a point estimation sensitive to the initial value and do not provide an estimation error. In this study, a data-driven approach using Bayesian estimation is proposed to extract equivalent circuit parameters. Contrary to the conventional least-squares method, this method does not require tedious initial value adjustments and provides an estimation error.
Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation: An Analysis
of 23 Patients with Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Wolter Tilman
Published: March 2021

Background: For more than 3 decades, spinal cord stimulation has successfully been employed
to treat neuropathic pain. Cervical spinal cord stimulation, despite now being standard in many
hospitals, has only rarely been subjected to a critical review within the literature.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of cervical spinal cord
stimulation (SCS) in a representative clinical sample. We also wanted to evaluate how factors
such as stimulation parameters, unwanted paresthesia of the trunk and legs, and changes in
paresthesia status due to head movement and how they affect SCS effectiveness.
Study design: Retrospective study.
Setting: Academic university interdisciplinary pain center.
Methods: We reviewed the records of patients who had been treated at our institution with
cervical neurostimulators from November 1, 2001 through October 31, 2011. Information
regarding age, gender, diagnosis, age at time of implantation, duration of disease, lead
position, hardware in use, revision operations, and stimulation parameters were recorded. In
addition, a short telephone interview was conducted, which contained the following items:
pain scores on the numeric analog scale (NAS) with and without stimulation, time intervals
of stimulation, paresthesia coverage, changes in paresthesia coverage by head movements,
unwanted paresthesia of the trunk and legs, treatment satisfaction, and medication intake.
Results: Twenty-three patients were treated. Eighteen patients proceeded to an implantable
pulse generator (IPG) implant. In one patient, the system was removed after 4 years despite
optimal function, because the patient was no longer experiencing pain. Average NAS pain
scores were 6.8 (range 5.5 - 10.0, standard deviation [SD] 1.7) without, and 2.8 (range 0 -
7.5, SD 2.2) with neurostimulation. Fourteen revisions (5 due to lead dislocation, 5 due to
lead breakage and 4 IPG revisions) were necessary in 9 of the 18 patients during a mean
follow-up of 6.2 years. Most patients reported complete paresthesia coverage. Four patients
reported unwanted paresthesia of the trunk or lower limb and 11 patients reported changes in
paresthesia with head movements. In both instances, pain reduction was not affected.
Limitations: Retrospective study.
Conclusions: Cervical spinal cord stimulation appears to be effective in the treatment of
neuropathic upper limb pain. Complications are not significantly more frequent than in SCS for
lower limb pain. Changes in paresthesia with head movements and unwanted paresthesia did
not affect the outcome.
Key words: Spinal cord stimulation, cervical, neuropathic pain, clinical efficacy, paresthesia,
paresthesia coverage, changes in paresthesia, brachial plexus lesion, nerve root avulsion,
stimulation parameters
Clinical Effectiveness of Percutaneous
Adhesiolysis Using Navicath for the
Management of Chronic Pain Due to
Lumbosacral Disc Herniation
Authors: Lee Juan Hwan
Published: March 2021

Background: Epidural steroid injection has been frequently performed to treat chronic pain due
to lumbosacral disc herniation (L-HIVD). However, a considerable number of patients do not achieve
pain relief using this method because perineural or epidural adhesions prevent the spread of injectate
into the epidural space. Percutaneous adhesiolysis (PA) is thought to be a useful method because it
can eliminate the deleterious effects of adhesion.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PA in managing chronic pain due to
L-HIVD and the clinical and radiological predictive factors for the effectiveness of PA using NaviCath®.
Study design: Retrospective study
Setting: Spine hospital
Methods: From a group of patients diagnosed with L-HIVD, we selected the 86 patients who
underwent PA with NaviCath who had experienced chronic lower back or leg pain for at least 3
months and had failed to respond to anti-inflammatory medications or physical therapy of at least 1
month’s duration and fluoroscopy guided transforaminal epidural injection. We recorded the Numeric
Rating Scale for back pain (NRS back) and leg pain (NRS leg) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at
pretreatment, 2 weeks, and 3 months after treatment. Clinical data and magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) findings were obtained to assess the possible predictive factors for PA efficacy.
Limitations: Retrospective chart review without a control group.
Results: At 2 weeks after PA, significant improvement was observed in NRS back, NRS leg, and
ODI compared with pretreatment. This improvement was maintained until 3 months after treatment.
Among 86 patients, 61 (70.9%), 53 (61.6%) and 61 patients (70.9%) showed successful outcomes
in NRS back, NRS leg, and ODI at 2 weeks, respectively. Among 74 patients who were followed up
at 3 months, 47 (63.5%), 44 patients (59.5%), and 50 patients (67.6%) showed successful results in
NRS back, NRS leg, and ODI at 3 months, respectively.
A significantly higher proportion of patients with a history of previous lumbar surgery showed
unsuccessful results on NRS back, NRS leg, and ODI scores at 2 weeks and 3 months. Co-existence of
spinal stenosis was associated with a significantly higher proportion of unsuccessful results in NRS back
and ODI at 2 weeks and 3 months, as well as NRS leg at 3 months. Patients with spondylolisthesis also
showed a significantly higher proportion of unsuccessful results in NRS and ODI at 2 weeks.
Conclusion: PA with NaviCath showed clinical effectiveness in the treatment of chronic pain due
to L-HIVD that was not responsive to transforaminal epidural injection. Previous surgery and the
presence of spinal stenosis or spondylolisthesis were poor prognostic predictors. This procedure may
enable the physician to place the catheter tip and deliver medicine more precisely.
Key words: Percutaneous adhesiolysis, lumbosacral disc herniation, Numeric Rating Scale, Oswetry
Disability Index