bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing medical image object detection with collaborative multi-agent deep Q-networks and multi-scale representation
Authors: Wang Qinghui , Liu Fenglin , Zou Ruirui , Wang Ying , Zheng Chenyang , Tian Zhiqiang , Du Shaoyi , Zeng Wei
Published: December 2023

Object detection holds a crucial role in medical diagnostics. Tasks like organ segmentation and malignancy diagnosis typically necessitate preliminary localization of corresponding anatomical structures. Precise positioning ensures that only pertinent regions require processing, leading to a potential reduction in computational and storage demands. Conventional image detection approaches necessitate numerous candidate boxes, resulting in redundant computations. Developing techniques capable of accurately detecting medical image objects without reliance on candidate boxes holds substantial practical significance. This paper introduces a 2D method for detecting medical image objects, which leverages multi-agent deep Q-network reinforcement learning and a multi-scale image representation. The method constructs a collaborative environment for multiple agents. These agents individually govern the upper-right corner and lower-left corner positions of the object detection frame, progressively converging toward the actual endpoint through iterative interactions. To expedite the detection process, a multi-scale image representation technique is employed. This method segments the process into three scales. Initially, within the coarse-scale space, the agent approximates the region containing the true endpoint, subsequently executing oscillatory movements. Progressively, it refines its approach within the fine-scale space, advancing toward the genuine endpoint with smaller iterative steps. The detection results demonstrate that collaborative detection among agents yields a 2.45$$\%$$
%
higher intersection over union compared to non-collaborative detection. Agents exhibit varying step sizes and fields of view in different scale spaces, leading to a reduction in detection time by 0.12 s compared to single-scale comparison. Experimental outcomes demonstrate the superiority of the medical image target detection method proposed in this study over prevailing mainstream detection algorithms.
Two-Ways thinking and Two-Eyed Seeing as ways of implementing Indigenous perspectives in the science education curriculum
Authors: Michie Michael , Hogue Michelle , Rioux Joёl
Published: December 2023

A groundswell to include Indigenous Knowledge in the school science curriculum has led to the inclusion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Histories and Cultures (generally known as Indigenous perspectives) in the overall Australian Curriculum (AC) and the Australian Curriculum: Science (ACS). However, the experiences in other countries, their states and provinces are quite different and diverse, particularly when it comes to incorporating Indigenous Knowledge in resistant disciplines such as science. The AC and ACS are examined and compared with similar curriculum from elsewhere. The causes of resistance to the inclusion of Indigenous perspectives are identified, as well as other structural impediments. Strategies such as the Two-Ways or Two-Eyed Seeing approaches with epistemic insight are seen as a functional way of bridging Indigenous and Western cultures for policy makers, curriculum developers, educators and teachers, and ultimately students.
Cognitive impairment in beta thalassemia major and intermedia pediatric patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Elderini Esraa Elmorsi Abdelaziz , ELTohamy Amira Mohamed , EL-Tagui Mona Hassan , Nassim Mariam Saad
Published: December 2023

Background

Thalassemia is a commonly occurring genetic hemoglobinopathy worldwide. Periodic and routine blood transfusions, iron chelation therapy and splenectomy procedures are all required for the treatment of thalassemia. Numerous organs and bodily systems could be impacted by thalassemia, particularly the nervous system, which could impede cognitive performance. The study aimed to assess cognitive abilities of pediatric patients diagnosed with beta thalassemia major and intermedia.

Patients and methods

A total of 168 participants [54 β-thalassemic major children, 51 with β-thalassemia intermedia and 63 age-matched healthy controls from both genders (85 girls and 83 boys)] with age ranging from 8 to 16 years were participated in a cross-sectional study. Cognitive function was evaluated for all children by using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale For Children 4th edition.

Results

Compared with control group, a significant decline was found in all Wechsler Intelligence Scale subtests as well as in verbal comprehension index, perceptual reasoning index, working memory index, processing speed index and full scale index scores of thalassemia major and intermedia patients (p < 0.001). When compared to children with thalassemia intermedia, the beta thalassemic major children showed a significant decrease in all Wechsler Scale subtests as well as in all its five index scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The study concluded that thalassemia negatively affects and impairs cognition and intellectual capacities.
Trust in the chatbot: a semi-human relationship
Authors: Ltifi Moez
Published: December 2023

Today, the use of chatbots for different functions in various industries has become a very interesting business for companies. Chatbots are promising types of interfaces. It is therefore necessary to understand how customers interact with retailers' interfaces in order to provide them with a better experience. In this study, we mobilise two theories, such as Stimilus-Organism-Response and Social Presence Theory, to formulate our research hypotheses. We have made major contributions to the interactive marketing and artificial intelligence literature by focusing on an emerging interactive technology: text chatbots. Our aim is to test the hedonic attributes of consumer trust in text chatbots by integrating the social and emotional aspects of this interaction. We also want to look at the moderating effects of text chatbot disclosure and task complexity. Based on the responses, we ran a questionnaire survey. A total of 353 people were polled for data. Participants were chosen at random. The structural equation modelling technique was used. First, the findings revealed that empathy and friendliness are major hedonic predictors of consumers' confidence in text chatbots. Second, the results demonstrate that the chatbot's task complexity and disclosure partially affect the empathy-trust relationship and the usability-trust relationship. We have made significant contributions to the field of interactive marketing research and artificial intelligence by focusing on new interactive technologies such as text-based chatbots. Our study is one of the first to look at the hedonic determinants of customer belief in text-based chatbots (1). All previous research has concentrated on the practical application of chatbots for digital customer service. The moderating effects of human-chatbot contact are investigated in our study (2). These two contributions make our research original. The findings give additional information that e-service providers and chatbot developers may utilise to improve their services, understand their effects on user experience, and provide a guide for strategy development and relationship building.
Nano-calcium incorporated piscean collagen scaffolds: potential wound dressing material
Authors: TJ Chaitra Shree , Abraham Sindhu , Furtado Sharon , Ramesh Darshan , Desai Kesha , Srinivasan Bharath
Published: December 2023

Background

Collagen proteins extracted from piscean sources are alternatives to bovine and porcine collagen because of their abundance, low price, and skin compatibility and are being explored as suitable wound dressing materials. Intracellular calcium ions are crucial for wound healing, and studies have shown that calcium ion supplementation via an external medium is equally beneficial for speedy recovery. This study explores the wound healing potential of dressing materials that encompass the benefits of nano-calcium and piscean collagen. Nano-calcium sulphate (NCS)-integrated scaffolds were prepared with 100 ppm of NCS and varying concentrations of piscean collagen and HPMC E15 LV. The thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, pH, expansion profile, and moisture vapour transmission properties of the scaffolds were determined. An in vitro scratch assay and an excision rat wound model were employed to evaluate the wound healing properties of the scaffolds.

Results

The NCS particles had a mean particle size of 220.7 nm. The scaffolds demonstrated an acceptable thickness, mechanical strength, and flexibility. The scratch assay results revealed that at the end of 24 h of the study, there was an increased wound closure rate with collagen scaffolds in contrast to the control group. In the vivo wound healing studies, formulation CS6 showed 100.0% healing on day 12 as compared to other formulations.

Conclusions

Wounds treated with scaffolds contracted faster than those treated with a commercial collagen dressing and the control group. The current study thus demonstrates the wound healing ability of nano-calcium sulphate-incorporated piscean collagen scaffolds.
Can deep learning compensate for sparse shots in the imaging domain? A potential alternative for reducing the acquisition cost of seismic data
Authors: Dong Xintong , Lu Shaoping , Lin Jun , Zhang Shukui , Ren Kai , Cheng Ming
Published: December 2023

Dense shots can improve the fold of subsurface imaging points, which is essential for the resolution of imaging results. However, dense shots significantly increase the cost of data acquisition, which is one of the major bottlenecks faced by seismic exploration. To address this issue, we speculate whether it is possible to construct an effective method to optimize the image made by stacking sparse shots and then generate an imaging result similar to the image made by stacking dense shots. In other words, we explore the possibility of using an optimization method to replace the dense shots in migration imaging, which would likely reduce the acquisition cost of seismic data. Deep learning can establish a nonlinear and complex mapping relationship by using data-driven strategies. Inspired by this, we use the convolutional neural network to establish a novel mapping relationship from the sparse-shot image to the dense-shot image by constructing a suitable training data set and designing a self-guided attention network architecture. We refer to this mapping relationship as shot compensation. We use the 2D Sigsbee2b model and the 3D SEG advanced modeling model to demonstrate the potential application of shot compensation in reducing the acquisition cost of seismic data. Moreover, a real 2D marine seismic data set is used to evaluate the effectiveness of shot compensation. Experimental results on synthetic and real data indicate that this shot compensation method can improve the quality of sparse-shot images and that the improved imaging results are similar to their corresponding dense-shot images.
Research on focal mechanism of microseismic events and the regional stress during hydraulic fracturing at a shale play site in southwest China
Authors: Chen Xin-Xing , Meng Xiao-Bo , Chen Hai-Chao , Chen Xin-Yu , Li Qiu-Yu , Guo Ming-Yu
Published: December 2023

We develop a waveform-matching inversion method to determine the focal mechanism of microseismic events recorded by a single-well observation system. Our method uses the crosscorrelation technique to mitigate the influence of anisotropy on the S wave. Then, by conducting a grid search for strike, dip, and rake, we match the observed waveforms of P and S wave with the corresponding theoretical waveforms. A synthetic test demonstrates the robustness and accuracy of our method in resolving the focal mechanism of microseismic events under a single-well observation system. By applying our method to the events that have been categorized into two clusters based on spatial and temporal evolution recorded during the hydraulic fracturing operation in the Weiyuan shale reservoir, we observe that the two clusters have distinct focal mechanism and stress characteristics. The events in the remote cluster (cluster A) exhibit consistent focal mechanisms, with a concentrated distribution of P-axis orientations. The inverted maximum principal stress direction of cluster A aligns with the local maximum principal stress direction ([Formula: see text]). This implies that events in cluster A occur in a uniform stress condition. In contrast, the other cluster (cluster B) near the injection well exhibits significant variation in focal mechanisms, with a scattered distribution of P-axis orientations. The inverted maximum principal stress direction deviates from local maximum principal stress direction ([Formula: see text]), indicating that events in cluster B occur in a more complicated stress condition.
Ordering cross-spread gathers
Authors: Trickett Stewart
Published: December 2023

Seismic processing on cross-spread gathers is a valuable but underexploited strategy. To do it properly, sources from a single source line and receivers from a single receiver line must be ordered in a physically sensible way, so that adjacent sources or receivers on a surface diagram are physically near each other. However, determining such an ordering is a challenge on irregularly acquired land data. I develop novel automatic ordering algorithms using tools from graph theory that minimize large gaps and preserve the sequential patterns found even in highly irregular acquisition. Java source code is available.
Marchenko imaging assisted by vertical seismic profiling data for land seismic data in the Middle East
Authors: Cheng Liwei , Tura Ali , Simmons James , Snieder Roel , Angelov Petar Vladov , Narhari Srinivasa Rao , Akther Shamima
Published: December 2023

Attenuating interference from internal multiples has challenged seismic data imaging in the Middle East basins. The challenge results from the strong short-period internal multiples that exhibit nearly indistinguishable characteristics from the primaries reflected from the underlying reservoirs due to predominantly horizontal strata and occasional low-relief structures, as indicated in the Jurassic formations in Kuwait. To address the internal-multiple issues, multiple prediction followed by adaptive subtraction is the most common approach in the industry. However, due to the similarities between primaries and multiples, applying adaptive subtraction poses a high risk of primary-amplitude damage, preventing quantitative seismic data interpretation. Therefore, we examine the Marchenko method that retrieves Green’s functions from surface seismic data for target-oriented imaging without applying adaptive subtraction. Marchenko imaging has produced promising results on several offshore seismic data sets, but an onshore application is still needed. To better understand the effects of internal multiples and implement Marchenko imaging, we perform integrated analysis through well-log, vertical seismic profiling (VSP), and seismic data from a hydrocarbon field in Kuwait. In addition, we use VSP data to cross-check the retrieved Green’s functions and estimate the scaling factor of the Marchenko method. The results indicate that (1) the poor imaging at the center of the field is due to the destructive interference of internal multiples, (2) the reverberation of internal multiples between the evaporite formations of the overburden is the most likely candidate that affects the seismic images of the Jurassic reservoirs, (3) the retrieved Green’s functions conform to the recorded Green’s functions from VSP data, and (4) Marchenko imaging provides a means to improve the seismic images of the Jurassic formations in Kuwait.
Reverse time migration angle gathers in acoustic anisotropic media using direction vectors
Authors: Yang Kai , Zhang Jianfeng
Published: December 2023

The application of direction vectors in the generation of reverse time migration (RTM) angle gathers in complex acoustic anisotropic media often encounters three main challenges: not pointing to the phase-velocity direction (PVD) of the Poynting vector, inaccuracy due to overlapping wavefields, and instability due to zero points of the direction vector. In general anisotropic media, the standard Poynting vector indicates the group-velocity direction (GVD), whereas reflection and transmission phenomena rely on the PVD. Anisotropy introduces discrepancies between the GVD and the PVD. To overcome this issue, we use the so-called PVD vector to directly calculate the PVD from anisotropic wavefields, eliminating the need for an approximated conversion from the GVD to the PVD. To mitigate the inaccuracy problem, we apply the Hilbert transform-based wavefield decomposition method to separate overlapping wavefields into their up/down components, and then we calculate the PVDs using the separated wavefields. To tackle the instability problem, we incorporate the additionally simulated quadrature wavefield during the wavefield decomposition procedure. By combining the direction vector of the quadrature wavefield with that of the original wavefield, we can eliminate the zero points and thus obtain a stabilized PVD vector. With those problems solved or alleviated, we present a scheme for the generation of anisotropic RTM angle gathers in complex areas. Two numerical examples using synthetic data sets demonstrate our method’s effectiveness.
The crustal structure of the southwestern South China Sea from seismic reflection and refraction data: Implications to continental breakup, slow-spreading ridges, and subsequent mantle activity
Authors: Jiang Wenbin , Wang Lijie , Li Fuyuan , Liu Bin , Zhao Jiabin
Published: December 2023

The crustal structures of the continent-ocean transition (COT) zone and oceanic domain are key to revealing the tectono-magmatic evolution from rift to drift and the following seafloor spreading. We develop a comprehensive study of the deep seismic reflection imaging and tomographic inversion of a wide-angle seismic line that runs across the COT and extinct spreading center of the Southwest Subbasin (SWSB) in the South China Sea. We reveal a low-velocity (<3 km/s) region in the shallow upper crust of the Longmen Seamount, which may represent serpentinized mud or volcanoclastic. The mature oceanic crust is approximately 4–6 km thick with high-velocity bodies (7.2–7.5 km/s) overlapping the Moho, reflecting relatively rich magmatic additions during seafloor spreading. The northern and southern COT segments exhibit a prominent long-wavelength high magnetic anomaly and synbreakup volcano, indicating magmatic additions in the lower crust and lava flows with magma ascending along faults to the surfaces. However, the COT in the south is wider than that in the north. In addition, the southern COT is characterized by limited PmP reflections, well-developed rotated fault blocks and ocean-ward synrifting faults, and a low-velocity (7.5–7.8 km/s) upper mantle, suggesting that the southern COT is probably underlain by a local serpentinized mantle during continental lithosphere breakup. The differences between the southern and northern COTs on the origin of high-velocity lower crustal layers and faulting styles imply asymmetric continental breakup processes in the SWSB.
Introduction to this special section: Orphaned and abandoned wells
Authors: Saneiyan Sina , Weiss Chester J.
Published: December 2023

There is little to argue about the deep and pervasive impact hydrocarbon exploration has had in modernization and industrial development since the late 1800s. With applications ranging from transportation fuels, industrial chemicals, and plastics, it is indeed difficult to faithfully deny that much of our current way of life is not touched, ultimately, by hydrocarbon exploration. And while the benefits of this activity have been bountiful, so too are the emergent challenges in responsible management of legacy infrastructure from 170 years of oil and gas production.
Monitoring casing corrosion of legacy wells using CSEM: Implications for large-scale energy and CO2 storage projects in shut-down hydrocarbon fields
Authors: Zonetti Simone , Dupuy Bastien , Emmel Benjamin , Romdhane Anouar
Published: December 2023

Large-scale CO2 and energy storage is a mandatory part of the green shift to reduce CO2 emissions and limit consequences of climate change. Large-scale storage will require the use of shut-down depleted hydrocarbon fields to take advantage of well-characterized reservoirs and cap rocks. Thanks to extensive data from historical hydrocarbon production, the uncertainties related to storage capacity, injectivity, and containment are limited. However, legacy exploration and production infrastructure, and especially legacy wells, are the main threat for possible fluid leakage toward the surface. Such legacy wells are numerous and penetrate the full rock column. In this paper, we describe a workflow to screen and monitor legacy wells in the shut-down Frigg Field in the North Sea. By using numerical modeling of electromagnetic (EM) field propagation in one of the Frigg Field wells, we explore the complex interactions of fields, currents, and well structure in the presence of corrosion. The corrosion is implemented as a change in the electrical conductivity of the innermost steel casing at different depths along the structure. To enhance probing depth, we plug the dipole source (1 km long) into the casing at the seafloor and excite the casing as an antenna. We find that at moderate levels of corrosion, the current distribution is significantly modified with respect to the uncorroded case. This generates a signal that propagates and can be observed at the seafloor in the numerical results. Other elements of the well geometry (e.g., concentric overlapping cement casings) have their own effect on the signal. This leads the possibility of estimating the location of the corroded area within the well geometry. These results suggest that by relaxing some of the model's approximations and implementing realistic transmitters, it will be possible to evaluate and optimize controlled-source EM survey strategies for detecting and monitoring corrosion levels.
Locating an old well in eastern Nebraska with a low-cost drone-based magnetic surveying system
Authors: AlBadi Sulaiman , Jacobson Erik , Filina Irina
Published: December 2023

We assembled a low-cost drone-based magnetic surveying system from a Scintrex ENVI PRO proton magnetometer and DJI Matrice 600 Pro drone. We used this system to locate an old exploration well in eastern Nebraska that is now out of sight in the middle of a cornfield. Because the well was drilled nearly five decades ago, before the advent of GPS, its coordinates are inaccurate. We used the magnetic signature of the well's casing to locate it. Our survey shows the pronounced magnetic anomaly approximately 35 m to the southwest of the well's database coordinates. The results of our survey show that our drone-based magnetic system provides a fast and efficient way to record magnetic data.
Zwanzig Jahre Irakkrieg: Ein Land auf der Suche nach dem Staat
Authors: Wyler Christian
Published: December 2023

Was sind die Grundlagen eines politischen Systems? Nach dem Sturz von Saddam Hussein sollte die Teilung der Macht zwischen Schia und Sunna dem Irak Frieden und Demokratie garantieren. Doch seither dominieren Krieg und Terror.
Quels sont les fondements d’un système politique? Après la chute de Saddam Hussein, le partage du pouvoir entre sunnites et chiites devait garantir à l’Irak la paix et la démocratie. Mais c’est la guerre et la terreur qui l’emportent.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPES OF CONTRACTS CONCLUDED IN TRADE TURNOVER
Authors: Amosov Artur A. , Naumova Tatyana Y. , Kononov Alexey N.
Published: December 2023

The system of civil contracts in the Russian Federation is of great importance for practice and is the subject of many years of detailed study of Russian legal science. The classification of contracts in civil law still causes controversy and debate among scientists, and so far no one has been able to propose a universal classification. The situation with the classification of contracts in the trade turnover of the Russian Federation is also difficult. Even the identification of such a category and this name raises questions and creates various opposing points of view among scientists. Indeed, in any textbook on corporate and trade law of the Russian Federation it is very difficult to find the term agreement in trade turnover, as well as to distinguish the types of such agreements. More and more often we come across concepts such as a commercial agreement or a trade agreement, however, such concepts should not be fully identified, although they have similar features. Perhaps there cannot be a uniform and accurate classification due to the fact that contract law is a very dynamically developing industry, which is constantly changing from a practical point of view, and practice, as we know, acts and does not think about fitting into the usual format, theories and classifications. In this article, a team of authors provides a unique systematization of the types of contracts used in trade turnover on the territory of the Russian Federation, analyzes and characterizes and assesses the relevance of various forms of concluding commercial contracts, and also highlights the prospects for the development of national contract law, which functions and is the most important component of trade turnover.
TEACHING TOOLS FOR CRITICAL READING DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Rodionova Irina V. , Titova Olga A.
Published: December 2023

With development of the Internet the world has become bigger and now people who are living in different parts of the world have the means to communicate with each other in their pockets, there are all sorts of social media websites with all kinds of bloggers, streamers and the like who amass multicultural audience; big companies and small businesses develop connections more rapidly; individuals in general have more opinions and points of view to consider, and because of that the ability to think critically is now more important than ever before in human history. That is why modern higher education institutions tend to teach their students critical reading which helps them develop many adjacent skills such as researching information, communicating with, understanding and tolerating people of different background.

This means that future critically thinking professionals need to be able to consider problems from different angles and find solutions to them suitable for everyone. Moreover, a critically thinking person should have an ability to understand the meaning of the text and its subtext implied by the author, to take different viewpoints into consideration, analyze them wisely and disregard the negative background of communication.

Purpose. The paper aims at considering the ways of developing critical reading skills through reading foreign periodicals. The authors offer a set of teaching techniques for critical reading skill formation. The key point here is that the work with the text presupposes several successive steps.

Results. The consequence of using these teaching techniques will be the students’ ability to formulate goals and objectives, to set hypotheses, to assess their own and others’ judgments and put forward a compromise solution. In the future, reading any publication, they will be able to assess the opinion of the author, to see the degree of the author’s influence on the reader’s views, but, simultaneously, adequately receive the information transferred by the text itself.

Practical implication. Therefore, the skill of critical reading opens up new opportunities for effective participation in foreign language communication, thanks to which mutual understanding between different nationalities becomes a reality.
Children's literature: theory and practice of expressive reading
Authors: Pilyasova Olimpiada , Smirnova Yuliya
Published: December 2023

The textbook covers theoretical and applied issues of teaching children to read literature based on the material of works of Russian and foreign literature, including folklore. The content of the book introduces the reader to the world of children's literature, introduces the genre features of the works of the circle of children's readers and the most famous authors.
The publication is a workshop on expressive reading, which is one of the components of students' speech training. The book recreates the world of writers primarily through the word and a kind of artistic thinking. Numerous quotations from works of fiction fulfill this task.
The textbook describes the stages of development of genres of oral folk art: fairy tales, songs, jokes. Examples with distinctive features of "Christian fantasy" and "occult fantasy" are given. The works of Russian poets are briefly described: K.I. Chukovsky, V.A. Zhukovsky, A.S. Pushkin and other authors.
The content of the manual meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
The publication is distinguished by the completeness of the presentation of educational material as much as possible in the textbook, a high scientific and theoretical level and is intended for students of secondary vocational education, high school students and anyone interested in the history of world literature.
Current problems of judicial law
Authors: Maksurov Aleksey
Published: December 2023

The monograph examines the main directions of judicial and legal progress in the judicial system of the Russian Federation. The most significant ways to achieve greater judicial and legal progress from the point of view of the norms of substantive and procedural law are highlighted. The author's understanding of the possibilities of judicial instances to create legal norms, the limits and limitations associated with judicial law-making, specific forms of creating legal norms by courts of all levels are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of jury trial in Russian judicial law are noted, its genesis and long-term prospects of application are studied. The problems of civil liability of the court and judges have been resolved. The analysis of rare materials of judicial practice is given, as well as significant proposals for improving the current legislation.
For students, postgraduates and teachers of law schools and faculties, as well as a wide range of readers interested in judicial law issues.
Sustainable development analytics and stakeholder risk assessment in non-financial reporting
Authors: Kazakova Nataliya , Kogdenko Vera , Doan Thi
Published: December 2023

The monograph is devoted to the sectoral aspects of the analysis of sustainable development and the formation of non-financial reporting of public companies focused on the disclosure of stakeholder risks. It contains a large empirical base and covers four key areas: a risk-oriented concept of non-financial reporting; an algorithm for forming a standard model of industry non-financial reporting in the field of sustainable development; analytical tools for assessing the disclosure of risks associated with the company's activities in corporate (non-financial) reporting; industry analysis of the sustainability of public companies.
For researchers, researchers, teachers, and degree seekers. It can be used in the system of additional professional education, advanced training, for self-development of managerial personnel of financial and economic services in business and government structures.
Actors and subjects of international economic relations at the present stage of development of the world community
Authors: Perskaya Viktoriya , Tkachenko Aleksandr , Kuznecov Aleksey , Revenko Nikolay , Platonova Irina , Isachenko tat'yana , Zvereva Aleksandra , Mamedov Tural , Medvedeva Marina , Abramov Valeriy , Starodubceva Elena
Published: December 2023

The monograph examines the existing transformations in international economic relations and identifies their patterns. The current trends of changes in international economic relations, the role of the state, transnational (multinational) corporations and banks, international economic organizations and integration entities are analyzed. The specifics of the possibilities of increasing Russia's national competitiveness, prospects for transforming the role of the state and state regulation, participation in the activities of international organizations are revealed; ways to optimize the participation of Russian business entities in the formation and development of international economic relations are shown.
For specialists in the field of international economic relations, political scientists, heads of export-oriented firms, as well as civil servants, students, teachers and researchers.
Dialectical methodology of theory construction in modern scientific knowledge
Authors: Stolyarov Vladislav
Published: December 2023

The monograph is devoted to the analysis of dialectical (based on the theory of dialectics, dialectical thinking) methodology of theory construction. The concept of this methodology is based on the ideas of the world-famous logician A.A. Zinoviev about dialectical thinking as a system of logical operations, techniques, procedures in order to obtain an integral dialectical system of scientific knowledge about the essence, properties, structure, connections, change, functioning and development, contradictions of the studied object. The results of the author's long-term (more than 50 years) development of the problems of dialectical methodology of theory construction and application of this methodology in sports science are summarized. Not only the general concept of the dialectical methodology of theoretical research is outlined, but also specific logical techniques, procedures for solving certain problems of constructing a theory based on this methodology. The article substantiates the position that dialectical methodology does not deny, but organically complements the methodology of theory construction based on the means of symbolic logic (axiomatic method, method of formalization) and mathematics.
The views of other researchers regarding not only dialectical methodology, but also other aspects of the concept of theoretical research are presented and evaluated.
It is intended for people engaged in scientific knowledge, interested in the problems of scientific research, as well as the application of the results of this research in practice.
GRAMSCI NUESTRO CONTEMPORÁNEO Y SU IMPORTANCIA PARA LA ANTROPOLOGÍA ITALIANA
Authors: Pizza Giovanni
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo se divide idealmente en dos partes. En la primera afirmo que Gramsci tenía una clara vocación antropológica. No hablo tanto de su influencia en una tradición de pensamiento en antropología como de su vocación antropológica en sí. Como marxista y comunista de Italia, sustituyó el análisis de los modos de producción económica por el estudio de los modos de producción intelectual de la cultura. Al hacerlo, fue un auténtico antropólogo. En la segunda parte, sin embargo, me ocupo de la importancia de Gramsci para la antropología italiana y, en particular, de Luigi Maria Lombardi Satriani. El ensayo pretende esbozar la contribución y la importancia de la figura de Antonio Gramsci en la formación y el desarrollo de los estudios demoetnoantropológicos italianos posteriores a la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
ERNESTO DE MARTINO Y LA ACTUALIDAD DE SU PENSAMIENTO: UN INTELECTUAL INCÓMODO QUE SE REDESCUBRE.
Authors: Zinn Dorothy Louise
Published: December 2023

El historiador de la religión y etnólogo Ernesto de Martino (1908-65) fue una de las figuras fundadoras de la antropología italiana. Fue muy admirado por Luigi Lombardi Satriani, a quien influyó en sus investigaciones sobre creencias y rituales en torno a la muerte y sobre folclore y cambio social. Este artículo destaca la relevancia contemporánea del pensamiento de De Martino no solo para la antropología y los estudios de folclore, sino también por sus implicaciones más amplias en las humanidades. Después de una breve nota biográfica y una mención de algunas de las formas en que De Martino fue un precursor de las tendencias actuales en antropología, la discusión se centra en cómo su pensamiento aborda cuestiones que son de suma preocupación hoy: la crisis de la subjetividad occidental sobre el individuo y a nivel colectivo, el legado poscolonial y la amenaza de una destrucción apocalíptica del mundo. Además, De Martino presenta un análisis original de la cultura como la base misma del ser humano en el mundo.
PATRIMONIO CULTURAL ALIMENTARIO ENTRE EL ORGULLO Y EL PREJUICIO
Authors: Moro Elisabetta
Published: December 2023

El ensayo pretende analizar los procesos que condujeron al reconocimiento por parte de la UNESCO de los patrimonios culturales inmateriales que giran en torno a la mesa, las costumbres alimentarias y las prácticas sociales y productivas relacionadas con la comida. El enfoque teórico abarca desde las reflexiones contenidas en los tres discursos sobre la relación entre los conceptos de raza, historia y cultura pronunciados por Claude Lévi-Strauss en las Naciones Unidas en la posguerra, hasta las reflexiones más recientes de Luigi M. Lombardi Satriani sobre el valor identitario de los alimentos. En el debate se examinan documentos como las Declaraciones de la UNESCO, la Convención para la Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de 2003, el Convenio de Faro de 2005, así como las candidaturas e inscripciones de bienes relacionados con culturas y prácticas alimentarias en la Lista Representativa del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de la Humanidad: borscht, baguette, harissa, cocina italiana, etc. El análisis muestra cómo los patrimonios alimentarios son motivo de orgullo para las comunidades y han sido durante mucho tiempo objeto de prejuicios por parte de las instituciones, tanto nacionales como internacionales. Pero desde los reconocimientos pioneros de la “Dieta Mediterránea”, la “Comida Gastronómica de los Franceses” y la “Cocina Tradicional Mexicana”, en 2010, la conciencia colectiva e institucional ha cambiado hasta el punto de que la promoción de estos patrimonios inmateriales está creciendo exponencialmente. El ensayo pretende, por tanto, ofrecer al debate antropológico una reflexión históricocrítica y una genealogía interpretativa de este fenómeno.
COLOQUIO DE ANTROPOLOGIA: UNA MIRADA ENTRE EL PASADO Y EL FUTURO, ENTREVISTA A LUIGI M. LOMBARDI SATRIANI.
Authors: Naso Náccari Carlízzi Roberto M.
Published: December 2023

La entrevista está claramente dividida en nueve secciones que abarcan las facetas de Lombardi Satriani, hombre, poeta, antropólogo y docente. Su punto de vista, avalado por estudios sólidos, así como en trabajos de campo apasionantes, le han acompañado en cada etapa de su vida y nos brinda sus reflexiones a lo largo de toda la conversación, con la cálida sencillez de un caballero que nos recibe en su casa.
Psychological vulnerability and suicidality within the ambulance service: a review
Authors: Faulkner Sophie
Published: December 2023

Paramedics must be physically and mentally robust to seamlessly adapt between emergencies and disasters. Developing evidence suggests that ambulance colleagues may be at higher risk of suicide; yet few studies explore causal factors and effective interventions. Mental distress, illness and associated physical symptoms of emotional injury, have long been the subject of global systematic review; however, an inadequate understanding of the cumulative anguish leading to suicidality remains. Research has shown that occupational and organisational burdens, such as shift work and extensive hours, have a significant detrimental impact upon staff welfare. Individual responses to the multifaceted work nature and subsequent influences on distress have been found to create a ‘perfect storm’ for emotional vulnerability. Inherent camaraderie and stoicism have prevented openness, and therefore stalled the improvement of psychiatric support systems. Suicidality discussions can be neglected, subsequent to mental health stigmatisms, and the absence of data reduces accurate findings, therefore underestimating the current concern. Ambulance trusts must develop policy and procedure to protect staff, lower the incidence of mental fatigue and reduce suicide. Having dedicated their lives to public safety, paramedics require robust programmes designed to protect their physical and mental welfare. These must be endorsed at the highest level, ensuring confidence and trust from the diverse workforce.
Supporting care home agency and bank staff
Authors: Ashurst Adrian
Published: December 2023

Adrian Ashurst discusses the importance of supporting agency and bank staff in a care home setting.
Distribution expansion of Petrocerus catiena (Hewitson, 875) (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) and description of the previously unknown female
Authors: ROSA AUGUSTO HENRIQUE BATISTA , BRAGA LAURA , SIEWERT RICARDO RUSSO , MAGNAGO GUSTAVO RODRIGUES , FREITAS ANDRÉ VICTOR LUCCI
Published: December 2023

Petrocerus catiena is a rarely observed Riodinidae butterfly, known from a few specimens from two locations in Serra do Mar (Atlantic Forest) in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. This species was listed as “Endangered” in the Brazilian Red List due to its small area of occupation and isolated populations under strong anthropogenic pressure. Based on scientific collections and citizen science data, the present study provides information about new geographic records of P. catiena and its perspectives on conservation. A total of 19 specimens of P. catiena were found in six public / private collections, as well as six photograph records of live specimens from citizen science reports. A recent photograph from a locality in the state of Espírito Santo (southeastern Brazil) resulted in an increase in both the extent of occurrence and the area of occupation estimates of P. catiena, implying a possible change in its conservation status. Besides providing new geographical information for a little-known species, the present study also highlights the importance of citizen science in contributing to the knowledge of threatened species and their conservation assessments.
Listening to People with Intellectual Disability about Institutions
Authors: Steele Linda , Carnemolla Phillippa , Spencer Rachel , Kelly Jack , Naing Laura , Dowse Leanne
Published: December 2023

Despite the ongoing impacts worldwide of institutionalisation on people with intellectual disability, the public knows little about large-scale disability institutions that have been the focus during the late 20th century of deinstitutionalisation efforts (historic institutions) and the people who lived there. An interdisciplinary team of researchers (including those with intellectual disability) undertook research with people with intellectual disability to explore what and how the public should learn and remember historic institutions. The project found that people with intellectual disability support community engagement with histories and lived experiences of historic institutions, in order to repair past wrongs, end contemporary practices of institutionalisation, segregation, and exclusion, and realise transformative equality and inclusion. People with intellectual disability should lead these initiatives, with appropriate support in recognising the very live memories and traumas associated with them. This article provides a model of inclusive research for turning the harms of past institutionalisation into an educational and reparative experience.
Human Rights Bulletin
Authors: Pía Venturiello María , Cobeñas Pilar
Published: December 2023

The Argentinian State has transitioned from a biomedical approach to a rights-based approach to disability. However, structural barriers and non-compliance with regulations have meant that changes that are necessary for the dignified lives of persons with disabilities are not being realised. Here we will focus on access to health, education and personal assistance.
Monster Ecologies: Material Eco-Rhapsody and the Bio-Gothic in Animal’s People
Authors: Haber Baron
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This article demonstrates how Indra Sinha’s novel Animal’s People incorporates bio-gothic aesthetics to address the unprecedented ontological, perceptual, and political challenges presented by the Bhopal chemical disaster. Bio-gothic aesthetics refer to biological substrates to represent a “trans-corporeal” body (Alaimo), one enmeshed with a damaged environment, where disruptions to the ecosystem return to disturb the so-called normal behavior of the body. Sinha’s novel mobilizes a typical character from gothic fiction—the monster—to perform an embodied critique of neoliberal globalization. The bio-gothic monster reveals the body to be a site of universal (but unequal) precarity and risk, a surface of intervention for disciplinary power, and a node in a multi-species network of irruptive, improvisational resistance. By analyzing moments of material eco-rhapsody, in which drugs or other psychoactive chemicals enable Sinha’s narrator, Animal, to tap into an extrasensory beyond and channel a damaged-yet- resilient environment, I describe how the bio-gothic monster offers new ontological, phenomenological, and political formations capable of resisting neoliberal global amnesia. The bio-gothic monster serves as a site where the seemingly immaterial flows of global capitalism become fleshy and, therefore, as a key node for the formation of new, feral assemblages in the pursuit of postcolonial environmental justice.
Alfred Adler as a Doctor (Against the Background of Personal Memories): A Psychobiographical Fragment of Adler During World War I
Authors: Blassberg Maksymilian , Kapusta Nestor D. , Bluvshtein Marina
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: Sparse historical sources describe Alfred Adler’s life during World War I, and even fewer sources exist that would provide a thorough understanding of his life in that challenging time. An accidentally found obituary written in 1938 by the Polish Jewish physician Dr. Maksymilian Blassberg in a Polish medical journal unveils some interesting details about Adler’s duty as a military neurologist in the Kraków military hospital in 1917. This article helps fill the gap in understanding the circumstances of Adler’s life at the time. Combined with field letters from Kraków, the article provides a vivid psychobiographical picture of how Adler dealt with wartime circumstances, with fears of being mobilized to the front and the practices of war psychiatry. Many parallels inspire practitioners to think about the dangers and difficulties of today’s Individual Psychologists in Ukraine facing devastating war conditions. The English translation of the obituary is presented here.
Of Social Construction, Gemeinschaftsgefühl , and Courage: One Day in the Lives of Ukrainian Psychologists During the War
Authors: Sneed Candace R. , Kovalova Marta , Tomova Kateryna , Koshulynska Zoryana , Shuflat Ivan
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: This article presents a collection of short essays written by four Ukrainian Adlerian psychologists who chronicle their personal and professional experiences during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and the subsequent full-scale war. An introduction and an overview by an American Adlerian practitioner preface the essays.