bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Cloud Computing in Modernizing Legacy Enterprise Systems: A Case Study Approach
Authors:   CMS Engineer, Lead, Department of Information Technology, Teach for America, New York, NY, USA, Kambala Gireesh
Published: February 2025

Through a case study format, this paper examines why cloud computing is vital for transforming current
enterprise system frameworks while offering empirical findings on their deployment. The research examines the
movement toward cloud-based technology replacements for conventional technology infrastructures to illustrate the
numerous strategic business benefits, reduced costs, and performance-based operational enhancements. Through the
Techcorp case study, we observed substantial benefits, such as decreased IT expenditures by 30% and increased
performance by 25% while data management and security capabilities improved. This research shows that successful
cloud computing implementation requires effective strategic planning, constant monitoring, and proper stakeholder
involvement. This research study offers a comprehensive conceptual model that unites technological frameworks with
organizational dynamics and environmental factors for research applications and future practical use. The single case
methodology prevents broad application but generates important findings that guide additional studies, which should
explore many scenes in various sectors using extended timeframes to measure permanent changes. Along with
analyzing leadership and training factors, the research extends its perspective to show how emerging technologies work
with cloud computing programs to deliver a whole picture of contemporary modernization and its wider effects.
A Study on Emerging HR Trends in the Year 2024 with Special Reference to Artificial Intelligence
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Sri Sairam Institute of Management Studies, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Kumar R Ganesh , Prakash K Saran ,   Scholar, Sri Sairam Institute of Management Studies, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: February 2025

Emerging trends, mainly the incorporation of artificial Intelligence (AI), are using a extensive
transformation of Human resources (HR) in 2024. With an emphasis on AI's outcomes on HR operations including hiring,
talent management, employee engagement, and overall performance evaluate, this have a look at examines how the HR
panorama is converting. extra automation, predictive analytics, and facts-pushed choice-making are being delivered into
HR by way of the wide use of AI, that is converting vintage tactics and enhancing accuracy and efficiency. There port
outlines the maximum vital makes use of of AI, including computerized overall performance opinions, AI-pushed group
of workers schooling projects, and clever recruiting technology. It also looks at how hiring practices the use of AI would
possibly reduce bias and sell diversity and inclusion. by using evaluating engagement data, AI can also potentially
beautify employee nicely-being
Phishing 2.0: Leveraging Cyber Threat Intelligence to Combat Deepfake-Enhanced Social Engineering
Authors:   Department of Cybersecurity, Bethany College, West Virginia, USA1, Mathew Alex , Federico Rodas ,   Department of Cybersecurity, Bethany College, West Virginia, USA1
Published: February 2025

Standard phishing techniques have continued to improve in sophistication and devastating effect,
enhanced by Deepfake Technology, referred to as Phishing 2.0. Due to enhanced realistic video and voice alterations,
deepfakes have greatly improved the prospects of social engineering attacks so that they become challenging to detect.
All these prolonged strategies present grave difficulties to conventional security models, proving why sophisticated
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) systems are necessary. Rising cyber technologies, AI-supported tools, and Deepfake
technologies conclude that Cybersecurity Policies must be adapted. AI, in cybersecurity, plays a crucial role in these
advanced threats. By progressing with the CTI frameworks even more, organizations can leverage AI and Machine
Learning (ML) capabilities to predict, identify threats, and anticipate potential risks.
Recommendation of RILEM TC 269-IAM: damage assessment in consideration of repair/retrofit-recovery in concrete and masonry structures by means of innovative NDT
Authors: Shiotani Tomoki , Watabe Kazuo ,   RILEM Technical Committee
Published: February 2025

This recommendation specifies a method for measuring passive elastic waves and assessing damage to concrete members such as decks and girders. To visualize internal damage, acoustic emissions (AE) and elastic wave velocity are employed. Firstly, based on the data detected by AE sensors, the location of the AE sources is estimated. Then, the velocity distribution in the concrete is evaluated. Accordingly, the internal damage of concrete deck can be evaluated quantitatively by applying a simple procedure using two evaluation axes, which are AE source density and elastic wave velocity in the concrete. Thus, the local deterioration of the concrete member can be classified into several stages that represent the damage levels of internal defects.
A review of South African Public Healthcare policies addressing Service Delivery for wheelchairs through a Primary Health Care lens
Authors: Mcintyre June , Cleland Kathlyn Elena , Ramklass Serela Samita
Published: February 2025

Introduction: In some areas of South Africa, people with impaired mobility are known to have difficulty accessing wheelchairs. This study aimed to critically appraise public healthcare policies addressing service delivery in terms of assistive devices in general, and more specifically wheelchairs within primary health care.Method: South African public healthcare policies that address assistive device service delivery were identified and thematically analysed using retrospective deductive document analysis. The themes used correspond to the WHO guidelines for the provision of wheelchairs within the context of the guiding principles of primary health care i.e., accessibly, affordability, acceptability, appropriateness, and availability. An analysis was undertaken on how the provision of assistive devices under these principles was addressed.Results: Three policies were identified addressing assistive device service delivery i.e. The National Rehabilitation Policy, The Policy Framework and Strategy for Disability and Rehabilitation Services in South Africa 2015 - 2020, and the National Health Insurance Policy. The National Rehabilitation Policy addressed the majority of the WHO guiding principles on wheelchair provision. Guidelines for non-discriminatory and evidence-based service delivery and the availability of assistive devices were identified in all the documents. Scant attention was paid to service delivery of assistive devices for people residing in urban or peri-urban areas. There was a paucity ofguidance on service delivery to people with impaired mobility who were unable to access health services, those unaware of the services available and those who were not aware of the benefits of an assistive device.Conclusion: The policies, viewed together, addressed all the WHO guiding principles, although some gaps were observed in each policy. A proposal emanating from this review was that an update of the National Rehabilitation Policy would address these deficiencies.Â
Enacting contextually responsive scholarship: Centering occupation in participatory action research with children in India
Authors: Benjamin-Thomas Tanya Elizabeth , Laliberte Rudman Debbie , Thomas David Mark
Published: February 2025

Occupation-based scholars are striving to mobilize socially responsive scholarship to address occupational injustices from local to global scales. Moving forward involves expanding beyond Western, Anglophonic, female, able-bodied, adult perspectives on occupation, with critically informed participatory methodologies providing one key means to incorporate diverse perspectives on occupation and occupational justice. Drawing upon a participatory action research project with children with disabilities from rural South India, this paper puts forward an understanding of participatory action research as an occupational process (i.e., embodying a variety of occupations) and an occupation-based process (i.e., informed by an occupational lens). We forefront how 'occupation' was centered and mobilized within the process of this participatory action research. In addition, drawing on select study findings, we illustrate and discuss how participatory action research provided a forum to partner with the child co-researchers and collaboratively identify and critically analyse occupational injustices. Through this illustration and discussion of participatory action research as an occupation-based process and occupational process, we demonstrate its potential to be used to enact contextually responsive scholarship and praxis.
 
Key words: Occupation-Based Participatory Action Research; Occupational Justice; Occupation-Based Transformation; Participatory Filmmaking
Predictors of overdose response hotline use for mental health and fatal overdose prevention
Authors: Rioux Will , Viste Dylan , Orr Taylor , Rider Nathan , Ghosh S. Monty
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The overdose crisis remains one of the largest public health issues facing North America to date. Formalized virtual spotting services have gained popularity as a harm reduction intervention, proving early effectiveness in reducing overdose mortality. This study determined the characteristics of individuals who recurrently use one such service, Canada’s National Overdose Response Service (NORS).

Methods

In this retrospective study, call logs from NORS were analyzed from service inception. Demographics including age, gender, province, community size, substance used, routes of administration, and adverse events were all collected and imputed into a marginal means and rates model to determine the predictors of recurrent service use.

Results

A total of 7340 unique calls were included within our analysis. Of those, 1167 (15.8%) reported their gender as male, 3744 (51.0%) as female, and 1329 (18.1%) as gender diverse, and 1100 (14.9%) did not report their gender. In terms of age, 46 (0.6%) were individuals under the age of 18 years, 3561 (48.5%) were between 18 and 30, 557 (7.6%) were between 31 and 40, 2505 (34.1%) were between 41 and 50, 525 (7.1%) were age 51 or over, and 146 (2.0%) did not report their age. Men’s rate ratios for recurrent calls were significantly lower than women’s (RR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.07‒0.09), as were those for respondents aged 31‒40 years as compared with those aged 18‒30 (RR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.15‒0.45). Between regions, rate ratios for callers from British Columbia (RR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.17‒2.24) and Atlantic provinces (RR = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.07‒0.12) were significantly lower than those for callers from the province of Ontario. Similarly, rural callers demonstrated lower recurrent service use (RR = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.07‒0.11) than their urban counterparts.

Conclusion

NORS demonstrates higher usage patterns within certain demographic groups, in particular, urban women. The results can therefore be used to target public health messaging toward those who derive the most benefit from the service and to tailor programming to those who are at highest risk to use alone.
The impact of MITF expression on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in melanoma: Insights into immune microenvironment dynamics
Authors: Vučinić Damir , Lekić Matea , Žauhar Gordana , Zamolo Gordana
Published: February 2025

Melanoma progression is influenced by complex interactions between tumor cells and the immune microenvironment. This study examined the relationship between microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression and the immune microenvironment in primary melanoma using a modified classification of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) based on conventional BRISK categories. Archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 81 primary melanoma patients were analyzed via tissue microarray immunohistochemistry to assess MITF protein levels. TIL patterns were categorized into six groups, refining the traditional BRISK classification to distinguish between continuous and discontinuous infiltration, as well as peripheral vs intratumoral distribution. The analysis revealed that melanomas classified under the BRISK B category exhibited the highest MITF expression, often exceeding 50%. In contrast, tumors in the NON-BRISK and ABSENT TIL groups showed significantly lower MITF expression (mean values: 32.73% ± 16.98% and 22.00% ± 10.54%, respectively), with statistically significant differences (Kruskal–Wallis test, P = 0.027; modified classification, P = 0.011). Additionally, the presence of CD20+ B lymphocytes correlated with increased MITF expression (P = 0.009). MITF gene amplification was detected in 29% of cases, though its association with protein expression showed only a trend (P = 0.058). These findings highlight the complex interplay between MITF expression and TIL distribution in melanoma, suggesting that refined TIL classification may offer deeper insights into tumor immunobiology and help predict responses to immunotherapy.
test job
Authors: Giorgino
Published: February 2025

test
A GENERALIZATION OF GENERALIZED CONCORDANCE ANALYSIS TO TWO SETS OF MULTIBLOCKS: CONCORG-G METHOD
Authors: Niéré Léonard , Nzinga Fiston Boma , Nguessolta Emmanuel , Makany Roger Armand , Kissita Gabriel
Published: February 2025

A generalization to more than two tables of the inter-battery analysis was proposed by adopting a non-symmetrical point of view (Concor analysis), one of the tables being considered as a reference. By partitioning the reference table into several tables, the ConcorG analysis is a generalization of Concor. In this article, we propose the ConcorG-G method, a generalization of ConcorG to two sets of multiblocks (super multiblocks).
UNVEILING HIDDEN INSIGHTS: DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION FOR PROSTATE CANCER DATA WITH PCA AND GAUSSIAN MIXTURE MODEL
Authors: Kalantan Zakiah I. , Alqarni Lina Z. , Binhimd Sulafah M.
Published: February 2025

Applying machine learning techniques for dimensionality reduction of data is a commonly used approach to improve computational efficiency and accuracy of data analysis. Available dimensionality reduction techniques may be categorized into supervised and unsupervised methods. One of the oldest and most popular unsupervised techniques is Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which does not use class labels. It reduces the dimensionality of a dataset while preserving as much variability (i.e., statistical information) as possible. In this study, we apply a multivariate mixture model comprising three components on simulation and real datasets to reduce data and learning volumes. To this end, significant components are first identified by determining the initial values of location parameters using k-means and the default values in the R package. The expectation-maximization algorithm is used to estimate the model parameters. The Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) is evaluated for the two sets of initial values, revealing that both approaches are computationally efficient. Consequently, the proposed technique effectively reduces dimensionality, retains high variance, and achieves reliable clustering. This enhancement increases computational efficiency and improves result quality, making it essential for high-dimensional datasets.
On a Generalized Alpha Skew Laplace Distribution: Properties and Applications
Authors: Das Jondeep , Hazarika Partha Jyoti , Pathak Dimpal , Sulewski Piotr
Published: February 2025

This study introduces a novel extension of the alpha skew Laplace distribution  (Harandi and Alamatsaz 2013), designed to model datasets with both unimodal and bimodal characteristics effectively. A detailed examination of its statistical properties is conducted, including moments, moment-generating functions, cumulative distribution functions, and characterization results based on conditional distributions. The study also develops a location-scale generalization, enhancing the scope of the distribution for broader applications. Besides, parameter estimation is performed using maximum likelihood methods, supported by a comprehensive analysis of the Fisher Information Matrix, ensuring robust and precise inference.The utility of the new distribution is validated through simulation studies which confirms the asymptotic consistency of its parameter estimates under varying sample sizes. Real-life applications involving white cell count data of Australian athletes and failure times of aircraft windshields demonstrate its superior performance over some established models. The newly introduced model consistently achieves lower Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria (AIC/BIC) values, confirming its efficacy in fitting complex datasets. Additionally, likelihood ratio tests provide statistical evidence supporting its distinct advantages over nested models. This distribution represents a significant advancement in the field of probability and statistical modeling, offering a robust and versatile tool for analyzing diverse datasets with asymmetric or bimodal traits.
DENOMINAL NOMINALIZATION (VERBIFICATION) IN MODERN ENGLISH: CULTURAL AND PRAGMATIC DIMENSIONS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Golubovska Iryna O.
Published: February 2025

This article explores denominal nominalization, also known as verbification, based on modern English-language journalistic discourse material. Denominal nominalization appears to be a type of conversion that presupposes the usage of affixless means of word formation, which results in the formation of a new part of speech – verb based on the same root of the source word-noun. Traditionally, it is deverbal substantiation, which is considered the most widespread type of conversion in English, though recently, the processes of the reverse character show their activity and are supposed to attract attention from the side of linguists.

The study demonstrates the processes of transforming nouns into verbs and analyzes the general linguistic consequences of such transformations: linguistic economy and contextual efficiency. The role of digital communication and the latest technological advances for creating and applying verbified linguistic units is particularly emphasized. (e.g., to Google, to Zoom, to DM, to email). Examples from modern journalistic discourse illustrate how verbification enhances dynamism and expressiveness in media language.

It seems that denominational nominalization is closely related to the British-American communicative values of clarity, directness, and logical communication, as well as to Anglo-American values such as action–work orientation. Through the prism of verbification as a grammatical phenomenon, Grice’s cooperative principle and relevance theory are manifested since verbification increases the efficiency of the meaning transmission. In addition, denominalization can contribute to the development of social identity and professional group linguistic norms, especially in the field of business and digital communication.

The article emphasizes the role of verbification in adapting English to modern needs, marking cultural identity, and facilitating linguistic innovation. Future research directions include cross-linguistic and cross-cultural comparisons of this grammatical phenomenon, particularly between English and Ukrainian as focal languages, to study both changes in syntactic functions and sentence structures, as well as the pragmatic and cultural consequences of the spread of this phenomenon.
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS REACTIVITY OF THE BODY IN RESPONSE TO A COGNITIVE LOAD TEST IN YOUNG HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS: GENDER DIFFERENCES
Authors: Zagorskaya Natalia N. , Shcheglova Anna V. , Sumin Aleksey N. , Prokashko Ingrid Yu.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

The study results revealed gender differences in reactions to psycho-emotional stress in young healthy people, showing that women had higher levels of muscle tension, while men had higher levels of skin conduction. This highlights the importance of taking gender differences into account when assessing stress reactivity and developing stress resilience programs. The data obtained can be used to create an optimal battery of physiological parameters for assessing the dynamics of stress tolerance and developing biofeedback programs for stress management.

 

Abstract

Aim. To study gender-specific reactions to psycho-emotional stress in young healthy individuals, emphasizing the physiological parameters of the cardiovascular system.

Methods. The study included 47 students of Kemerovo State Medical University aged 18 to 32 years. The participants were divided into male (n = 14) and female (n = 33) groups. Psychophysiological diagnostics was performed using the BOSLAB complex: an electromyogram, an electrocardiogram, body temperature, respiration, a galvanic skin reaction and a photoplethysmogram were obtained. The stress testing protocol included cognitive tasks and rest phases.

Results. When exposed to stress tests, there was a statistically significant increase in heart rate (HR) and a shortening of the R-R intervals (p < 0.001), as well as an increase in the duration of the respiratory cycle (p = 0.029) and a decrease in the frequency of the respiratory mode (p < 0.001). Gender differences were manifested in higher levels of muscle tension in women (p < 0.001) and higher skin conduction in men (p = 0.033).

Conclusion. In young healthy individuals, mental stress causes activation of the sympathoadrenal system, which manifests itself in changes in heart rate and respiratory parameters. Gender differences in stress responses are expressed in differences in muscle tension and skin conduction. This data can be useful for the development of stress tolerance and stress training programs.
THE ROLE OF CORONARY ARTERY MSCT IN ASSESSING CARDIAC RISK IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER BEFORE UPCOMING SURGERY
Authors: Starovoitova Anastasia V. , Shcheglova Anna V. , Sumin Aleksey N. , Gorbunova Elena V. , Kokov Alexander N.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

The article shows the positive role of consulting a cardiologist and the prospects of using multispiral computed tomography of the coronary arteries to assess the cardiological risk in patients with cancer before the upcoming surgery.

 

Abstract

Aim. To study the possibilities of using multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) of coronary arteries with the following determination of the calcium index for additional risk assessment and risk restratification in patients with cancer before the upcoming surgical intervention.

Methods. The pilot study included 26 patients (median age was 68.6 years, 69% men, 31% women) with malignant neoplasms undergoing additional examination and risk stratification before the high-risk surgery. All patients were examined by a cardiologist who assessed the perioperative cardiovascular risk during noncardiac surgery. Moreover, patients underwent the assessment of the pre-test probability (PTP) and the clinical probability of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). After that, all patients underwent MSCT of the coronary arteries with determination of the calcium index (50%) or MSCT of the coronary arteries with contrast (50%). In order to establish the severity of the coronary lesion, patients underwent selective coronary angiography (SCA). The randomization of patients was performed taking into account the limitations of contrast-enhanced coronary artery MSCT.

Results. When assessing the clinical symptoms of angina pectoris, patients were more likely to have atypical and non-anginal pain (in 38% of cases, respectively) than typical anginal pain (only in 27% of patients). At the same time, the median PTP of obstructive CAD was 24%, which corresponded to a high risk of obstructive CAD. An additional assessment of the clinical probability of CAD classified 61% of patients as a group with a very high probability of obstructive CAD. According to the results of the examination, one patient (4%) with high coronary calcium and 2 patients (8%) with hemodynamically significant stenosis were referred for SCA. Of these, all (100%) patients had significant coronary artery stenosis > 70%. According to the results of the angiographic examination, preventive coronary artery stenting was indicated in two cases, and conservative tactics were chosen in one case.

Conclusion. The results of this study highlight the prospects of using MSCT of coronary arteries to assess the cardiological risk in patients with cancer before the upcoming surgery. Such diagnostic and therapeutic tactic may minimize the number of perioperative cardiac complications.
PATTERN OF CIRCULATING MICRORNAS IN VASCULAR COGNITIVE DISORDERS
Authors: Petrova Marina M. , Shnayder Natalia A. , Petrov Artem V. , Kaskaeva Darya S. , Trefilova Vera V. , Nasyrova Regina F.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Studying circulating microRNAs in vascular cognitive disorders significantly contributes towards understanding the molecular mechanisms of development and progression of these disorders.

Studying microRNAs allows us to identify new biomarkers that can be used to diagnose, predict the course of the disease and determine the effectiveness of treatment.

 

Abstract

Vascular cognitive disorders (VCD) are one of the most common forms of non-psychotic mental disorders with a variable phenotype and rate of progression, transformation into vascular dementia. VCD develops due to existing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which highlights the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. The study of new mechanisms of the development of VCD can help in finding the key to the development of innovative diagnostic methods and personalized treatment approaches. In recent years, the role of non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNA) has been actively studied, while the greatest interest of researchers and clinicians is focused on studying the role of microRNAs (miR). The aim of this review was to search, generalize and systematize preclinical and clinical studies on the role of circulating miR as molecular biomarkers of the development and progression of VCD. The authors searched for publications in the following databases PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, ClinicalKey, Scopus, Oxford Press, Cochrane, e-Library using keywords and their combinations. The publications published in 2013–2023 were analyzed, including original clinical studies of VCD and vascular dementia. The findings of this review show that miR-409-3p, miR-502-3p, miR-486-5p and miR-451a can be considered as promising molecular biomarkers of VCD. However, the role of other microRNAs is debatable and needs further study. In the future, it will be possible to consider previously studied circulating microRNAs with high specificity and sensitivity to VCD and vascular dementia as prognostic molecular biomarkers (predictors) of the risk of their development and severity in patients with CVD.

Based on the analysis of the results of preclinical and clinical studies, the authors present the most sensitive and specific microRNAs associated with the development and rapid progression of VCD in people with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, microRNAs have been demonstrated to facilitate the differential diagnosis of VCD and cognitive disorders in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
RISK FACTORS FOR HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH THE FEMALE SEX
Authors: Shmaltz Diana D. , Samus Irina V. , Dovbeta Anna А. , Zvereva Tatyana N.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Arterial hypertension often develops in women during the perimenopausal period, accompanied by a decrease in estrogen levels and metabolic disorders. It is important to take into account traditional risk factors such as obesity, family history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, and other characteristics of the female body associated with hormonal changes to effectively prevent hypertension in these women. Further study of new risk factors specific to the female population will help improve preventive measures and treatment of hypertension.

 

Abstract

Aim. To study the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in women aged 40-50 years, and to evaluate their influence on the development of arterial hypertension (AH).

Methods. The study analyzed the medical records of 47 women aged 40 to 50 years who consulted a cardiologist. Patients' complaints were assessed using the Greene climacteric scale, whereas the history of AH and personal medical history, physical examination and laboratory data obtained before the examination were used for analysis.

Results. Patients were divided in two groups according to the presence of confirmed АH: the group of patients with AH (n=12), mean age was 45.19 ± 2.86 years; and the group of patients with normal blood pressure (BP, n =35), mean age was 45.30 ± 3.09 years. Age differences between the groups were not significant. 58.3% of patients with AH and 22.8% of patients with normal BP (p = 0.045) suffered from headaches, 83.3% of women with AH and 11.4% of women without AH (p < 0.001) were obese. Family history of AH was more prevalent in the group with AH 75.0% compared with the group with normal BP 34.2% (p < 0.001). 58.3% of patients with AH and 22.6% of patients without AH (p < 0.001) presented with dyslipidemia. Factors such as preterm labour, smoking, excessive salt intake and glycaemic level were not statistically different between groups.

Conclusion. The results of the study with a small sample of patients show that for perimenopausal women the most significant factors associated with arterial hypertension are a family history of hypertension, and the need to control body weight and lipidogram parameters. These aspects require attention during the development of preventive measures. Further research on new risk factors associated with female sex is needed to determine their applicability to the Russian population.
Caracterización clínico epidemiológica de UNA cohorte de pacientes con Artritis Reumatoide: Datos preliminares
Authors: Cabrera-Villalba Sonia , Coronel Claudia , Román Lourdes , Valinotti Vania , Amarilla Angélica , Zarza Mariela , Leiva Evelyn , Pusineri Paola , Aranda Raquel , Pineda Alexis , Avila-Pedretti Gabriela
Published: February 2025

Introducción: La artritis reumatoide (AR) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica, autoinmune, sistémica. El diagnóstico temprano, la implementación de un tratamiento bajo objetivos específicos, estrictos y el desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos han mejorado el pronóstico de los pacientes.
Objetivo: Proporcionar información detallada sobre las características demográficas, clínicas y terapéuticas de los pacientes con AR en el país.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, de una cohorte de pacientes con AR, de tres centros de tercer nivel en Paraguay. Se analizaron variables clínico-epidemiológicas, actividad de la enfermedad, tratamiento, erosiones radiológicas y grado de discapacidad. Las variables cualitativas se expresaron en frecuencias y porcentajes, y las cuantitativas en medias con el desvío estándar.
Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio a 426 pacientes con diagnóstico de AR, 84,5% mujeres, con un promedio de edad de 56,8 ± 14,09 años, y una duración de enfermedad de 12,7±19,6 años. El 53,3% tenía una educación escolar básica. El 25,5% tenía manifestaciones extra-articulares. 71,4% tenían anti-CCP positivo y el 69,2% Factor Reumatoide positivo. El 68,2% recibía metotrexato, y el 39% estaba en remisión por DAS 28. Más del 60% tenían al menos una comorbilidad, siendo la hipertensión arterial sistémica y la obesidad las más frecuentes.
Conclusión: Presentamos la fase preliminar de una cohorte multicéntrica de pacientes con AR que revela la realidad de los pacientes paraguayos. En esta cohorte de pacientes con AR ya establecida, existe un predominio de mujeres. Las características clínicas evidenciaron un predominio de factores de mal pronóstico. La forma de inicio más frecuente fue la poliarticular, en su gran mayoría eran seropositivos y a títulos altos. Un tercio de los pacientes presentaba manifestaciones extra-articulares, siendo la más frecuente el ojo seco. Más del 60% tenían al menos una comorbilidad, siendo la HTA y la obesidad las más frecuentes.
A prospective, open-label, randomized, comparative clinical trial to assess the efficacy of NASO B12 or oral B12 supplementation along with standard of care in the treatment of anemia in women of reproductive age
Authors: Gupta Mukulesh , Gupta Tanusree , Kumar Dinesh , Chandra Kumar Prafull
Published: February 2025

Background: Anemia is a prevalent health issue among women of reproductive age (WRA), often attributed to iron deficiency but also influenced by vitamin B12 deficiency. Despite widespread iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation programs, anemia persists, necessitating comprehensive treatments. This study evaluated the efficacy of intranasal vitamin B12 supplementation (NASO B12 of Troikaa Pharmaceuticals Ltd.) with IFA compared to oral vitamin B12 with IFA and IFA alone, in WRA.
Methods: This open-label, randomized clinical trial enrolled 75 anemic WRA across three centers in Lucknow, India. Participants were randomized into three groups: NASO B12 + IFA, Oral B12 + IFA, and IFA alone. In the NASO B12 and oral B12 groups, B12 supplementation was administered on alternate days for two weeks, then weekly until day 42, while IFA was given daily in all groups for 84 days. Hemoglobin (Hb) and other hematological parameters were assessed at multiple intervals. Safety evaluations included vital signs and adverse events monitoring. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis, with p<0.05 indicating significance.
Results: Among 75 anemic women, NASO B12 demonstrated the fastest and most significant improvements in Hb and vitamin B12 levels, as well as a notably greater increase in RBC counts compared to both the Oral B12 and IFA groups. Hb levels increased significantly from baseline by 2.8 gm/dl at day 84. Vitamin B12 levels rose rapidly, exceeding 400 pg/mL by day 7 and sustaining through day 84. NASO B12 consistently improved RBC counts from day 7, reaching 4.53 mill/cmm by day 84. Changes in reticulocytes, ferritin, and folic acid supported hematopoietic normalization. The treatment was well-tolerated in all three groups, with no serious adverse events.
Conclusions: In conclusion, NASO B12, when combined with IFA, demonstrated superior and faster efficacy in improving hematological parameters compared to oral B12 + IFA and IFA alone, making it a promising treatment option for vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia in WRA.
The Historic-Philosophical Analysis of the Problem of the Estimatе
Authors:   Institute of Social Education (branch) of the Russian State Social University, Sutuzhko V.V.
Published: February 2025

During the historic-philosophical analysis is found out, what exactly
I. Kant has divided spheres of knowledge, values and the estimations
carried by it accordingly to gnoseology, ethics and an aesthetics.
Thus, it is necessary to note, that I. Kant has not created the estimate-valuable theory and at all has not realized up to the end an
essence of the problem put by it. Subtleties of the estimate-valuable
theory its followers V. Windelband and H. Rickert have started to
understand and comprehend all. However until now the problem of
estimate is absorbed by a valuable problematic. Therefore the purpose of given clause – to lead a retrospective show of the philosophical analysis of an estimation as independent category.
The Conflict and the Order in Civilization Structures
Authors:   Saratov State Technical University, Hen M.P.
Published: February 2025

The author analyzes the conflicts of civilizations in this article. The
Author considers the reasons of these conflicts that are created value. The value of one civilization disagrees with the value of other civilizations. At the end of article he draws a conclusion. The problem
of civilization’s conflicts has to be studied together with modern global
problems and problems of modernizations.
The Concept «Disease Situation» – Objektive and Subjective Components
Authors:   Saratov State University, Orlova M.M.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the phenomenon of disease. The author thinks
that this phenomenon is a complex system of many reasons with
factors, influencing each other. That means that it is necessary to
analyze total combination of the person’s development conditions, the
objective social situation of development (L.S. Vygotsky), which put
the person into chronic somatic disease.
The author has worked out and approved the concept of the disease
situation. This concept includes: objective and subjective components. Objective component: the disease itself and its results – could
be examined as an objective hard situation of living and it reflects
conditions of mental activities of the patient, psychological “cost” of
the disease, the rate of loss of the former possibilities of the person.
Subjective component supposes personal activity of the patient,
sense of purpose, mechanism of self-control, first of all the standard
of the person’s reasons and needs.
The article proposes classification of the disease situations, which, in
author’s opinion, is of universal significance within the framework of
somatic pathology.
The author comes to a conclusion, that the concept of “the disease
situation” reflects integrated approach to the phenomena of disease
and could have perspective for the further examination of the phenomena.
The Effectiveness of Motivational Psychotherapy on Social-Emotional Competencies of Students with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Sahebdel Hossein , Kareshki Hossein , Mehrabi Hossein
Published: February 2025

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of motivational psychotherapy on the social-emotional competencies of students with type 1 diabetes.
Methods: The research employed a mixed-method approach. The first phase involved qualitative and deductive content analysis. During a multi-step process, an educational package was developed and validated by the researchers using written sources and guidance from psychology experts and knowledgeable professors. The quantitative phase utilized a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The study population included all secondary school students in Gonabad during 2022 - 2023. Fifty male students were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 25 (experimental and control groups). The research instrument used was the Social-Emotional Competence questionnaire by Zuo and Ji (2012). The experimental group participated in eight 90-minute sessions of motivational psychotherapy, held twice a week, while the control group received no intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS- 24 software and multivariate analysis of variance.
Results: The findings revealed that the motivational psychotherapy program significantly increased the social-emotional competencies of the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.01). These results indicate that the educational package of motivational psychotherapy is an effective method for enhancing the social-emotional competencies of secondary school students with type 1 diabetes.
Conclusions: This study highlights the effectiveness of motivational psychotherapy in improving social-emotional competencies in students with type 1 diabetes. The findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions in fostering emotional and social skills among this demographic
Vitamins and Immunity in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Authors: Soltantoye Tahereh , Martami Fahime , Mahmoodi Ghanbar
Published: February 2025

Currently, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is one of the global challenges that remains inade-quately addressed and is not being treated effectively. It is essential to acknowledge the role of supplementsin strengthening the immune system to reduce the risk of infection. Food provides a well-established sourceof adequate macronutrients and micronutrients, all essential for the proper functioning of the immunesystem. Among the micronutrients, vitamins A, C, D, E, and B play crucial roles in the immune system'seffective response to infections. This study explores the role of vitamins in the immune system and theirimpact on defense against COVID-19.
Autoimmune Hepatitis-Like Liver Injury after COVID-19 Vaccination; Review of Molecular Underpinnings and Clinicopathologic Picture
Authors: Ghannadzadeh Kermani Pour Rad , Sharif Pouya Mahdavi
Published: February 2025

Mass vaccination against COVID-19 infection has been able to substantially alleviate the consequent mor-talities and the spread of the disease. The paced design and administration of novel mRNA-based vaccinespaved the way for the production against cancers and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Various sideeffects, lethal in some instances, are described for COVID-19 vaccines, including the instigation of inci-dence or relapse of autoimmune disorders, including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Molecular mimicry withthe spike protein S1 and cross-reactions, adjuvants-induced autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome,epitope spreading, and bystander activation are among the molecular mechanisms that are hypothesized tomediate vaccine-induced autoimmunity. Pathological and serologic evaluations of patients with liver injuryfollowing COVID-19 vaccination have displayed that most cases can be categorized as probable or definitefor the diagnosis of AIH. AIH and AIH-like liver injuries following COVID-19 vaccination are generallymanageable with the administration of corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive therapies if required.Data on the safety of subsequent vaccination is scarce; however, vaccination during maintenance therapywith steroids seems safe. More importantly, the recognition of asymptomatic cases with altered liver ami-notransferase levels necessitates the design of prospective cohorts to assess the long-term consequences ofsub-clinical liver dysfunction induced by COVID-19 vaccines.
Effects of Obesity on Cancer Progression by Affecting the Immune System
Authors: Isfahani Marjan Moallemian , Khozeimeh Fereshteh , Hekmatdoost Azita
Published: February 2025

The prevalence of obesity has been increasing in the last few decades, and it is regarded as one of the major healthproblems in the world. The rising prevalence of obesity in children and adults is a result of eating disordersand the changes related to the modern lifestyle. Obesity alters the adipocytes’ substance secretion, whichaffects the function of the immune system and leads to obesity-induced inflammation and the developmentof obesity-related cancers. Altered chemokines, adipokines, and conditions like insulin resistance are mostlikely related to the impaired immune system in the obesity state. The impaired secretion of adipokines,such as increased leptin and reduction in adiponectin, affects innate immune system antitumor responsesafter long-term exposure. In addition, changes in chemokines and, consequently, the promotion of insulinresistance create an immunosuppressive environment that debilitates the host to fight against tumor growth,progression, and metastasis. Accordingly, it may increase cancer susceptibility in obese individuals. Thereby,it can be concluded that treatment of obesity will greatly affect the improvement of immune system functionand, as a result, may possibly reduce the risk of cancer. The aim of this study is to review the pathwaysresulting in impaired immune system and inflammation and their link to cancer progression in obesity.Several hypotheses have been proposed to have a critical contribution to the development of obesity-relatedcancers, such as the function of cytokines, insulin resistance, and NF-κB and senescence changes in obesity.These hypotheses will be discussed later in this article.
The Potential of Mushroom Seasoning as an Alternative to Monosodium Glutamate: Market Survey, Consumer Survey, and Sensory Evaluation
Authors: Haron H. , Low W.T.
Published: February 2025

Background: Mushroom presents a potential natural alternative to Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) as food flavoring, as it imparts a similar umami taste and offering health benefits when incorporated into food products. This study aimed to determine the type of mushrooms used in seasoning products in Malaysia, investigate perceptions, and evaluate sensory acceptance in vegetable soup.
Methods: A three months cross-sectional investigation was conducted in Malaysia from August to October 2023. Phase one: a market survey on online platforms and physical stores using a self-developed market survey form (n=22); Phase two: a consumer survey using an adapted survey form (n=166); Phase three: sensory evaluation of vegetable soup containing mushroom seasoning (n=51). Data was analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0.
Results: Twenty-two brands of mushroom seasoning products were found in the Malaysian market, predominantly containing shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes). The majority of consumers (69.3%) were aware of mushroom seasoning products via family, peers, and electronic media. The most preferred buying platforms were supermarkets (83.7%) and grocery stores (53.0%). Key drivers for purchasing were good taste (69.3%) and replacing MSG (60.8%), while price (63.3%), have certification (61.4%), and taste (58.4%) were key priorities when choosing products. Notably, most consumers had never used mushroom seasoning (75.9%) and expressed interest in trying it (92.8%). Sensory evaluation showed a high acceptance of mushroom seasoning in vegetable soup (mean score≥5.0), with no significant difference (p>0.05) compared to MSG. Furthermore, various ethnicities demonstrated the highest level of acceptance towards different samples.
Conclusion: Mushroom seasoning is highly acceptable to Malaysian consumers and has the potential to replace MSG as a food flavoring. More scientific evidence is needed to validate the comparative flavors and benefits of mushroom seasoning as a healthier alternative, and investigations into suitable natural food flavorings should be conducted to ensure health.
Assessment of Toxic Histamine Contents in Processed Cheeses and the Effect of Salt and pH Levels on the Amount of Histamine
Authors: Heidari T. , Khaniki G. Jahed , Sadighara P. , Shariatifar N.
Published: February 2025

Background: Histamine is a chemical released by the body's immune system in response to allergens, which causes messages to be sent between different cells. There is a significant amount of histamine in certain foods, such as fermented foods and alcoholic beverages. Food allergy reactions occur after consuming contaminated foods with high amounts of histamine. Due to increased consumption of processed cheeses over the past decade, this study aims to measure histamine in cheeses processed by some dairy factories in Tehran.
Methods: Sixty-eight samples of four types of processed cheese (Mozzarella, Gouda, Cheddar, and Parmesan) from seven brands were randomly collected in Tehran city and transferred to the laboratory (January to March 2021). Histamine concentration was measured with a UV-Visible spectrophotometer at 600 nm. The pH and salt of the samples were also measured. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS software version 24.
Results: The lowest concentration of histamine was found in Gouda soft cheese and the highest concentration was in Parmesan cheese. A significant difference was observed in the histamine concentration of different cheese groups. Histamine concentration was higher in Parmesan cheese samples, which may be due to its longer ripening period than other cheese groups. A significant relationship (p-value<0.05) was observed in the effect of pH and salt on the increase in histamine concentration.
Conclusion: The average histamine in all cheese groups was higher than the limit of histamine concentration in fermented foods in the European Union (200 mg/kg). Considering the high concentration of histamine in cheeses, it is suggested to investigate its health and safety aspects for the health of cheese consumers.