bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CNT-modified two-phase manganese hexacyanoferrate as a superior cathode for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Ying , Lam Kwok-ho , Hou Xianhua
Published: January 2021

The two-phase KNa-MnFe(CN)6@CNT material was synthesized via a facile concentration-gradient coprecipitation method. The outstanding electrochemical performance was achieved for KNa-MnFe(CN)6@CNT material with the addition of CNT.
Glycolide additives enrich organic components in the solid electrolyte interphase enabling stable ultrathin lithium metal anodes
Authors: Wang Xin-Meng , Zhang Xue-Qiang , Shi Peng , Hou Li-Peng , Zhou Ming-Yue , Chen Aibing , Zhang Qiang
Published: January 2021

Glycolide (GL) is proposed as an electrolyte additive to prolong the cycle life of ultrathin Li metal anodes through the enrichment of the organic components in the working solid electrolyte interphase.
Macrocyclic and acyclic supramolecular elements for co-precipitation of square-planar gold(iii) tetrahalide complexes
Authors: Shaffer Cassandra C. , Smith Bradley D.
Published: January 2021

Non-covalent interactions control the solid-state packing of AuX4−anions (yellow circles) co-precipitated with different supramolecular elements.
The pH-triggered drug release and simultaneous carrier decomposition of effervescent SiO2–drug–Na2CO3 composite nanoparticles: to improve the antitumor activity of hydrophobic drugs
Authors: Chen Tianyu , Jiang Yichun , Wang Changmao , Cai Zhengxue , Chen Hui , Zhu Junliang , Tao Pinrun , Wu Min
Published: January 2021

Effervescent SiO2–drug–Na2CO3 composite nanoparticles were prepared in this study using a tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis method to achieve a better release effect of hydrophobic drugs and spontaneous nanocarrier disintegration by dissolution.
Graphdiyne nanosheets as a platform for accurate copper(ii) ion detection via click chemistry and fluorescence resonance energy transfer
Authors: Ge Chenchen , Li Jiaofu , Wang Dou , Lv Kongpeng , Liu Quan , Shen Yan , Zhuang Xiaoqing , Luo Wankun , Wu Zongze , Zhang Yuhua , Shi Lulin , Liu Liping , Bao Shiyun , Zhang Han
Published: January 2021

Cu2+ detection was performed by taking advantage of the fluorescence quenching ability of graphdiyne and the high specificity of click chemistry.
Doping strategy, properties and application of heteroatom-doped ordered mesoporous carbon
Authors: Gao Yuan , Wang Qing , Ji Guozhao , Li Aimin , Niu Jiamin
Published: January 2021

To date, tremendous achievements have been made to produce ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) with well-designed and controllable porous structure for catalysis, energy storage and conversion.
Effective oil–water mixture separation and photocatalytic dye decontamination through nickel-dimethylglyoxime microtubes coated superhydrophobic and superoleophilic films
Authors: Ma Jinxiu , Meng Wen , Zhang Lahong , Li Feng , Li Taohai
Published: January 2021

The nickel-dimethylglyoxime microtubes were synthesized by a facile coprecipitation method. The as-prepared superhydrophobic and superoleophilic films showed excellent oil–water separation efficiency and effective photocatalytic degradation.
First principle studies of ammonium chloride under high pressure
Authors: Lu Mengya , Tian Fubo , Zhou Qiang , Cui Tian
Published: January 2021

Two new phases of NH4Cl,P21/mandCmma, which are exactly the same as that of NH4Br, were predicted to be stable within the pressure ranges of 71–107 and 107–300 GPa, respectively.
A mechanism for the variation in the photoelectric performance of a photodetector based on CVD-grown 2D MoS2
Authors: Jian Jiaying , Chang Honglong , Dong Pengfan , Bai Zewen , Zuo Kangnian
Published: January 2021

The CVD-grown 2D MoS2 is the oxygen-doped MoS2. Annealing treatment can increase the O-doping concentration in the CVD-grown 2D MoS2 while vulcanization can make the CVD-grown 2D MoS2 transition from the an oxygen-doped state to the a pure state.
Microwave-assisted preparation of a silver nanoparticles/N-doped carbon dots nanocomposite and its application for catalytic reduction of rhodamine B, methyl red and 4-nitrophenol dyes
Authors: G Bhagavanth Reddy , Dadigala Ramakrishna , Bandi Rajkumar , Seku Kondaiah , D Koteswararao , Mangatayaru K Girija , Shalan Ahmed Esmail
Published: January 2021

A silver nanoparticles/nitrogen-doped carbon dots (AgNPs/NCDs) nanocomposite was prepared by a microwave-assisted method, and exhibited high catalytic activity towards the reduction of rhodamine B, methyl red and 4-nitrophenol at ambient temperature.
Cu-catalyzed cyanomethylation of imines and α,β-alkenes with acetonitrile and its derivatives
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Siddique , Ahmad Atique
Published: January 2021

We describe copper-catalyzed cyanomethylation of imines and α,β-alkenes with a methylnitrile source and provide an efficient route to synthesize arylacrylonitriles and β,γ-unsaturated nitriles.
Dye–catalyst dyads for photoelectrochemical water oxidation based on metal-free sensitizers
Authors: Decavoli Cristina , Boldrini Chiara L. , Trifiletti Vanira , Luong Sally , Fenwick Oliver , Manfredi Norberto , Abbotto Alessandro
Published: January 2021

Dye–catalyst dyads based on metal-free dyes were prepared for dye-sensitized photoanodes in photoelectrochemical water splitting, showing a top ranked faradaic efficiency for O2 generation up to 95%.
Pressure-induced phosphorescence enhancement and piezochromism of a carbazole-based cyclic trinuclear Cu(i) complex
Authors: Xie Mo , Chen Xiao-Ru , Wu Kun , Lu Zhou , Wang Kai , Li Nan , Wei Rong-Jia , Zhan Shun-Ze , Ning Guo-Hong , Zou Bo , Li Dan
Published: January 2021

One molecule, two response mechanisms: a pair of newly-designed cyclic trinuclear Cu(i) complex crystalline polymorphs are engineered, which show excellent luminescent piezochromism and pressure-induced phosphorescence enhancement, respectively.
Scalable and highly efficient high temperature solar absorber coatings based on high entropy alloy nitride AlCrTaTiZrN with different antireflection layers
Authors: He Cheng-Yu , Gao Xiang-Hu , Yu Dong-Mei , Qiu Xiao-Li , Guo Hui-Xia , Liu Gang
Published: January 2021

A high entropy alloy nitride AlCrTaTiZrN nanofilm is employed to develop a novel duplex spectrally selective solar absorber coating, which leads to a scalable, highly efficient and cost-conscience structure.
High-performing, linearly controllable electrochemical actuation of c-disordered δ-MnO2/Ni actuators
Authors: Ma Wenrui , Kwan K. W. , Wu R. , Ngan A. H. W.
Published: January 2021

The pseudocapacitance-induced δ-MnO2/Ni electrochemical actuator combines outstanding actuation performance and good maneuverability at low driven voltages in a neutral electrolyte.
A full-spectrum responsive B-TiO2@SiO2–HA nanotheranostic system for NIR-II photoacoustic imaging-guided cancer phototherapy
Authors: Guo Xiaolu , Wen Changchun , Xu Qianxin , Ruan Changping , Shen Xing-Can , Liang Hong
Published: January 2021

A full-spectrum responsive B-TiO2@SiO2–HA nanotheranostic system has been successfully fabricated for second near-infrared photoacoustic imaging-guided synergistic cancer targeting phototherapy.
Highly sensitive and selective ammonia gas sensor based on FAPbCl3 lead halide perovskites
Authors: Parfenov Aleksei A. , Yamilova Olga R. , Gutsev Lavrenty G. , Sagdullina Diana K. , Novikov Artyom V. , Ramachandran Bala R. , Stevenson Keith J. , Aldoshin Sergey M. , Troshin Pavel A.
Published: January 2021

We report gas sensors based on formamidinium lead chloride (FAPbCl3), which demonstrate a strong and outstandingly selective response towards ammonia due to the specific interaction of the halide vacancies with NH3.
Electrical read-out of light-induced spin transition in thin film spin crossover/graphene heterostructures
Authors: Konstantinov Nikita , Tauzin Arthur , Noumbé Ulrich Nguetchuissi , Dragoe Diana , Kundys Bohdan , Majjad Hicham , Brosseau Arnaud , Lenertz Marc , Singh Aditya , Berciaud Stéphane , Boillot Marie-Laure , Doudin Bernard , Mallah Talal , Dayen Jean-Francois
Published: January 2021

An opto-electronic switching device made from an evaporated spin crossover thin film over a graphene sensor is presented. The electrical transduction of both temperature and light-induced reversible spin transitions are demonstrated.
Acid–base controllable nanostructures and the fluorescence detection of H2PO4− by the molecular shuttling of tetraphenylethene-based [2]rotaxanes
Authors: Arumugaperumal Reguram , Shellaiah Muthaiah , Lai Yu-Kuang , Venkatesan Parthiban , Raghunath Putikam , Wu Shu-Pao , Lin Ming-Chang , Sun Kien Wen , Chung Wen-Sheng , Lin Hong-Cheu
Published: January 2021

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active switchable [2]rotaxanes with two arm-terminated TPE units synthesized by click reaction can induce various acid-base controllable nanostructures and exhibit selective detection of H2PO4− ion.
Enhanced UV detection performance of a CdZnTe-based photodetector through surface polishing treatments
Authors: Zhang Zilong , Gu Keyun , Yang Fan , Huang Jian , Tang Ke , Shen Yue , Zhang Jieyu , Liao Meiyong , Wang Linjun
Published: January 2021

The surface combination treatments of mechanical polishing + chemical-etching polishing + passivation are proposed to reduce the surface states of the CdZnTe film, which enhances the photoresponse performance of the CdZnTe-based UV detector.
Visible-light-induced oxidative coupling of vinylarenes with diselenides leading to α-aryl and α-alkyl selenomethyl ketones
Authors: Liu Gong-Qing , Yi Wei , Wang Peng-Fei , Liu Ji , Ma Meng , Hao Da-Yun , Ming Liang , Ling Yong
Published: January 2021

An environmentally friendly protocol for the synthesis of α-aryl and α-alkyl selenomethyl ketones is reported herein.
Ultraviolet-induced in situ gold nanoparticles for point-of-care testing of infectious diseases in loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Sivakumar Rajamanickam , Dinh Vu Phong , Lee Nae Yoon
Published: January 2021

The present study investigated ultraviolet-induced in situ gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) coupled with LAMP for the point-of-care testing (POCT) of two major infectious pathogens, namely, Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium spp.).
Polysorbate-80 surface modified nano-stearylamine BQCA conjugate for the management of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Chintamaneni Pavan Kumar , Krishnamurthy Praveen Thaggikuppe , Pindiprolu Sai Kiran S. S.
Published: January 2021

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors such as donepezil, galantamine and rivastigmine are used for the management of dementia in Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
The cooperation of Fe3C nanoparticles with isolated single iron atoms to boost the oxygen reduction reaction for Zn–air batteries
Authors: Zhou Fangling , Yu‡ Peng , Sun Fanfei , Zhang Guangying , Liu Xu , Wang Lei
Published: January 2021

The cooperation of Fe3C nanoparticles with atomically dispersed Fe–N4 could enhance the oxygen adsorption capacity and facilitate the breakage of O–O bonds, resulting in an excellent oxygen reaction reduction activity.
PHLPPing the balance: restoration of protein kinase C in cancer
Authors: Tovell Hannah , Newton Alexandra C.
Published: January 2021

Protein kinase signalling, which transduces external messages to mediate cellular growth and metabolism, is frequently deregulated in human disease, and specifically in cancer. As such, there are 77 kinase inhibitors currently approved for the treatment of human disease by the FDA. Due to their historical association as the receptors for the tumour-promoting phorbol esters, PKC isozymes were initially targeted as oncogenes in cancer. However, a meta-analysis of clinical trials with PKC inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy revealed that these treatments were not advantageous, and instead resulted in poorer outcomes and greater adverse effects. More recent studies suggest that instead of inhibiting PKC, therapies should aim to restore PKC function in cancer: cancer-associated PKC mutations are generally loss-of-function and high PKC protein is protective in many cancers, including most notably KRAS-driven cancers. These recent findings have reframed PKC as having a tumour suppressive function. This review focusses on a potential new mechanism of restoring PKC function in cancer — through targeting of its negative regulator, the Ser/Thr protein phosphatase PHLPP. This phosphatase regulates PKC steady-state levels by regulating the phosphorylation of a key site, the hydrophobic motif, whose phosphorylation is necessary for the stability of the enzyme. We also consider whether the phosphorylation of the potent oncogene KRAS provides a mechanism by which high PKC expression may be protective in KRAS-driven human cancers.
Structural insights into histone chaperone Asf1 and its characterization from Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Srivastava Dushyant Kumar , Gunjan Sarika , Das Chandrima , Seshadri Vasudevan , Roy Siddhartha
Published: January 2021

Asf1 is a highly conserved histone chaperone that regulates tightly coupled nucleosome assembly/disassembly process. We observed that Plasmodium falciparum Asf1 (PfAsf1) is ubiquitously expressed in different stages of the life cycle of the parasite. To gain further insight into its biological activity, we solved the structure of N-terminal histone chaperone domain of PfAsf1 (1–159 amino acids) by X-ray crystallography to a resolution of 2.4 Å. The structure is composed of two beta-sheet to form a beta-sandwich, which resembles an immunoglobulin-like fold. The surface-charge distribution of PfAsf1 is distinct from yAsf1 and hAsf1 although the core-structure shows significant similarity. The crystal-structure indicated that PfAsf1 may exist in a dimeric-state which was further confirmed by solution cross-linking experiment. PfAsf1 was found to specifically interact with Plasmodium histone H3 and H4 and was able to deposit H3/H4 dimer onto DNA-template to form disomes, showing its characteristic histone chaperone activity. We mapped the critical residues of PfAsf1 involved in histone H3/H4 interaction and confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis. Further analysis indicates that histone interacting surface of Asf1 is highly conserved while the dimerization interface is variable. Our results identify the role of PfAsf1 as a mediator of chromatin assembly in Plasmodium falciparum, which is the causative agent of malignant malaria in humans.
A Questionnaire Survey About Support Requests From School-Age Children and Adolescents Who Stutter
Authors: Iimura Daichi , Ishida Osamu , Takahashi Saburo , Yokoi Hideaki , Miyamoto Shoko
Published: January 2021

Purpose

Children who stutter (CWS) face communication difficulties in school activities and at home. Although the importance of receiving support from their surroundings has been documented, few studies have investigated potential requests of CWS from their surroundings. This study aimed to elucidate such requests.

Method

A total of 43 school-age children and 25 adolescents who stutter completed a free-description questionnaire, including questions such as “what you want your classmates/your classroom teacher/your family to do about your stuttering?” Their descriptions were summarized and categorized based on similarity.

Results

The results indicate that 90.6% of the participants had more than one request for their classmates, classroom teacher, or family. A total of 197 items were extracted and categorized into seven themes. In particular, the responses included “listen attentively,” “treat us naturally,” and “make arrangements.” While participants tended to hope for classmates or family to “listen attentively” and “treat us naturally,” the request to “make arrangements” was higher for their teacher. Their potential requests varied by age: While school-age CWS wanted people around them to “listen carefully,” the hope of adolescents who stutter was “treat us naturally.”

Conclusions

The various potential requests of CWS were categorized, and the responses shed light on the importance of increasing knowledge of stuttering. The difference between the requests could reflect psychosocial differences between school-age children and adolescents who stutter. In addition, social interaction among peers is more developed in adolescents, and they could harbor fear of being excluded within their community.
Magnetic field line random walk and solar energetic particle path lengths
Authors: Chhiber R. , Matthaeus W. H. , Cohen C. M. S. , Ruffolo D. , Sonsrettee W. , Tooprakai P. , Seripienlert A. , Chuychai P. , Usmanov A. V. , Goldstein M. L. , McComas D. J. , Leske R. A. , Szalay J. R. , Joyce C. J. , Cummings A. C. , Roelof E. C. , Christian E. R. , Mewaldt R. A. , Labrador A. W. , Giacalone J. , Schwadron N. A. , Mitchell D. G. , Hill M. E. , Wiedenbeck M. E. , McNutt R. L. , Desai M. I.
Published: January 2021

Context. In 2020 May-June, six solar energetic ion events were observed by the Parker Solar Probe/IS⊙IS instrument suite at ≈0.35 AU from the Sun. From standard velocity-dispersion analysis, the apparent ion path length is ≈0.625 AU at the onset of each event.

Aims. We develop a formalism for estimating the path length of random-walking magnetic field lines to explain why the apparent ion path length at an event onset greatly exceeds the radial distance from the Sun for these events.

Methods. We developed analytical estimates of the average increase in path length of random-walking magnetic field lines, relative to the unperturbed mean field. Monte Carlo simulations of field line and particle trajectories in a model of solar wind turbulence were used to validate the formalism and study the path lengths of particle guiding-center and full-orbital trajectories. The formalism was implemented in a global solar wind model, and the results are compared with ion path lengths inferred from IS⊙IS observations.

Results. Both a simple estimate and a rigorous theoretical formulation are obtained for field-lines’ path length increase as a function of path length along the large-scale field. From simulated field line and particle trajectories, we find that particle guiding centers can have path lengths somewhat shorter than the average field line path length, while particle orbits can have substantially longer path lengths due to their gyromotion with a nonzero effective pitch angle.

Conclusions. The long apparent path length during these solar energetic ion events can be explained by (1) a magnetic field line path length increase due to the field line random walk and (2) particle transport about the guiding center with a nonzero effective pitch angle due to pitch angle scattering. Our formalism for computing the magnetic field line path length, accounting for turbulent fluctuations, may be useful for application to solar particle transport in general.
Enterprise Power Consumption Data and GDP Forecasting Based on Ensemble Algorithms
Authors: Xu Yibin , He Lu , Liang Ying , Si Jianhong , Bao Yonglong
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on the development of regional GDP and proposes a method proposed for forecast of enterprise power consumption data and GDP based on ensemble algorithms. The enterprise power consumption data are used as independent variables and GDP data as dependent variables. A multiple linear regression model is selected as the primary learner for training and its outputs will be sorted into a new dataset of input features to train a secondary learner. The forecast of GDP is thus realized through ensemble learning.
AHP Based Evaluation Model of Energy Efficiency for Energy Internet
Authors: Wang Qing , Liu Song , Li Congcong , Yu Chao , Liu Yanxi
Published: January 2021

The emerging construction of China’s industry park requires for a specific evaluation method for the local energy internet’s power utilization efficiency. This article focuses on the solar power exploitation from power supply reliability, energy utilization efficiency, solar power general efficiency, established a complete energy internet evaluation index system using improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Such method was proved to be more delicate to evaluate the solar-involved park energy internet comparing to traditional methods. The energy internet of a certain industry park was taken as an example for verification. It was found that the improved AHP method can objectively reflect the planning’s efficiency from multi-indicators. When evaluating from different perspective, focusing on a different characteristic of the regional power grid will lead to changes in the AHP evaluation weighting and the results. According to the evaluation result, the relevant suggestions to improve energy efficiency were also proposed.
Analysis of the Combination of Periodic Water Injection and Drilling off in Zone A
Authors: Lou Shengrui
Published: January 2021

In recent years, the number of new wells has been increasing continuously, which has a large impact on production. During the drilling pass, the formation pressure has dropped greatly, the casing loss rate is high, and the water cut has increased, which affects the overall development situation of Zone A. In this paper, by studying the rule of index change in the process of drilling off and periodic water injection, the technology of combining drilling off and periodic water injection has been formed, and the application of the drilling off in Zone A has been completed.
Research on Vehicle Positioning Method Based on Underground Garages
Authors: Liu Min , He Suli , Liu Ruibin
Published: January 2021

With the continuous development of urbanization, the number of vehicles has increased year by year. In order to solve the hard-to-park problem, underground garages have been built on a large scale in many cities. However, due to the fact that GPS signals are kept out in the underground garage, GPS technology does not work. As a consequence, drivers cannot use navigation equipment to search for the parking space. In view of this, vehicle positioning technique for vehicles in underground garages has hold the public attention and relevant research has been done. In this paper, we propose an efficient method of accurate vehicle positioning. First, use the low-power Bluetooth device, then use Gaussian filter to optimize the RSSI ranging algorithm, and then use the maximum likelihood method to improve the three-loop positioning algorithm. Finally, a comparison is made between the algorithm and the traditional algorithm. A large number of experiments have proved that this method can be used to determine the positions of vehicles in underground garages.
The application of the improved option parity arbitrage model in SSE 50ETF option
Authors: Xu Liu
Published: January 2021

The SSE 50ETF option is China's first stock index option product launched in 2015. For a number of reasons, the options market can sometimes create arbitrage opportunities. Based on the theory of option parity arbitrage and taking into account the transaction costs, this paper explores effective options arbitrage strategies and practices them. Based on the theory of option parity arbitrage and taking into account the transaction costs, this paper establishes an effective option arbitrage strategy model and puts it into practice. The results show that there are indeed arbitrage opportunities in the market that exceed the risk-free rate of return, but there are not many such opportunities, and there is not much arbitrage space under many opportunities. This is not only the embodiment of high market efficiency, but also the result of taking various transaction costs into full consideration in this paper to ensure the effectiveness of arbitrage.
The Impact of FDI on Economic Openness of Provinces along "the Belt and Road"
Authors: Wu Maoguo , Zhang Yuting
Published: January 2021

The implementation of "the Belt and Road" initiative has further enhanced China’s economic openness and attracted more foreign direct investment (FDI). However, China is characterized by unbalanced economic development and distribution of resources in different regions. Therefore, analyzing the impact of FDI on economic openness of 18 provinces along "the Belt and Road" and developing the economies of these provinces more specifically have become an important issue. This paper uses factor analysis and DEA-Malmquist model to construct the economic openness of 18 provinces. FDI proxied by 5 measurements are selected to evaluate the impact of foreign direct investment on each province’s economic openness by using spatial econometric model. Empirical results find that FDI has a positive impact on the economic openness of the provinces along "the Belt and Road", and the surrounding provinces also have a significant role in promoting the economic openness of a province. But FDI has different impact on different regions with East Region exhibiting the most significant effect. FDI enhances economic openness mainly through registered capital of foreign-invested enterprises and total import and export of foreign-invested enterprises.
Advances in nutritional status of patients with connective tissue-associated pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Jinyan Jiang , ling Li Jin , Chengjie
Published: January 2021

Connective Tissue Disease (CTD) is an autoimmune disease involving connective tissues, including sjogren syndrome (pSS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), etc. [1,2]. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) refers to a pathological condition in which the pulmonary artery pressure rises above a certain threshold, causing right heart failure and death [3]. PAH refers to the mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP) of greater than 25 mmHg and the pulmonary wedge pressure (PAWP) of less than 15mmhg under right heart catheterization (RHC) at rest [4,5]. The only criterion for examining pulmonary hypertension is right cardiac catheterization. Connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary hypertension (CTD-PAH) is a rare complication of PAH, characterized by high mortality, venous and cardiac involvement and poor prognosis [6-8].
The Lowest Deposition of Hg Content is in the Jiaozhou Bay Center
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Jiang Tao , Wei Linzhen , Zhang Shengjun , Huang Xinmin
Published: January 2021

Based on the investigation data of Jiaozhou Bay in 1992, this thesis studied the present situation and horizontal distribution of Hg content in the bottom of Jiaozhou Bay mouth. The results showed that in May, August and October, the range of Hg content in the bottom ofJiaozhou Bay was 0.007-0.040 μg/L, which was in line with the national water quality standard for class I seawater. This showed that in terms of Hg content, the bottom water of Jiaozhou Bay from the center of the bay to the south of the bay mouth was not polluted by any Hg content in May, August and October. In the bottom of Jiaozhou Bay, in May, the range of Hg content in Jiaozhou Bay was 0.013-0.019 μg/L. In August, the range of Hg content in Jiaozhou Bay was 0.021-0.025 μg/L. In October, the range of Hg content in Jiaozhou Bay was 0.007-0.040 μg/L. Therefore, in May, August and October, the water of Jiaozhou Bay was not polluted by any Hg content. In May, a high sedimentation of Hg contentwas in the coastal waters of the eastern part of the Bay. In August, a high sedimentationof Hg content was in the coastal waters and the estuary waters in the east of the Bay. In October, a high sedimentation of Hg content was in the south of the bay mouth. However, from May to August, and then to October, the lowest Hg content sedimentationwas in the central waters of the Bay.
Application of environmentally-friendly and energy-saving materials in building decoration
Authors: Chen Li sheng , Ding Yudi , Chen Lei
Published: January 2021

With the rapid development of urban construction, the state and society gradually realize the significance of environmental protection and put forward higher requirements for the specific construction of the building industry. In this paper, it summarizes and sorts out the environmentally-friendly and energy-saving materials through analyzing and comparing common building materials on the market. During building decoration, make full use of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly building materials to promote their wide application in the construction industry.
Literature Review of Historical Building Restoration Technology
Authors: Hu Shen , Hao Wenqi
Published: January 2021

There are many directions and schools in the research on the restoration of historical buildings. The conflict of values between these directions and schools, the deviation of repair methods and practices, the insufficient performance of restoration technology in historical buildings, and the potential background factors affecting these conflicts and deviations are all factors to be considered. This study analyzes the relevant literature and puts forward the conceptual views, and finally produces a research plan for the extensive discussion and understanding of the literature. In addition, this study also hopes to reveal the substantive problems of unreasonable use or lack of use of historical buildings, demolition of old buildings to build new ones, and disconnection of theory and technology. And find a practical building repair technology
Ethical Challenges and Countermeasures of Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Zhu Xi , Gu Zhiqiang , Wang Zhen
Published: January 2021

Autonomous driving is one of the greatest new technologies in the 21st century, but to a certain extent, it has caused conflicts in bioethical standards and the ownership of accident responsibility. For the ethical dilemma of autonomous cars, every countrie currently does not have a perfect solution. First of all, this paper predicts the development of intelligent connected vehicles through the analysis of the domestic and foreign intelligent vehicle market. Then lists and analyzes the legal and countermeasures of ethical dilemmas in various countries. According to the knowledge of psychology and ethics, this paper puts forward a way to solve this problem which is more in line with the development of industry and ethics.
Heart Rate-based Lactate Minimum Test in Running and Cycling
Authors: Perret Claudio , Hartmann Kathrin
Published: January 2021

The heart rate-based lactate minimum test is a highly reproducible exercise test. However, the relation between lactate minimum determined by this test and maximal lactate steady state in running and cycling is still unclear. Twelve endurance-trained men performed this test in running and cycling. Exercise intensity at maximal lactate steady state was determined by performing several constant heart rate endurance tests for both exercise modes. Heart rate, power output, lactate concentration, oxygen uptake and rating of perceived exertion at lactate minimum, maximal lactate steady state and maximal performance were analysed. All parameters were significantly higher at maximal lactate steady state compared to lactate minimum for running and cycling. Significant correlations (p<0.05) between maximal lactate steady state and lactate minimum data were found. Peak heart rate and peak oxygen uptake were significantly higher for running versus cycling. Nevertheless, the exercise mode had no influence on relative (in percentage of maximal values) heart rate at lactate minimum (p=0.099) in contrast to relative power output (p=0.002). In conclusion, all measured parameters at lactate minimum were significantly lower but highly correlated with values at maximal lactate steady state in running and cycling, which allows to roughly estimate exercise intensity at maximal lactate steady state with one single exercise test.
Visible-Light-Mediated Z-Stereoselective Monoalkylation of β,β-Dichlorostyrenes by Photoredox/Nickel Dual Catalysis
Authors: Ollivier Cyril , Fensterbank Louis , Abdellaoui Mehdi , Millanvois Alexandre , Levernier Etienne
Published: January 2021

Metal-catalyzed alkylation of 1,1-dihalovinyl moiety commonly suffers from both a lack of stereoselectivity and the overreaction leading to the dialkylation product. The methodology described herein features a new pathway to alkylate stereoselectively β,β-dichlorostyryl substrates to provide the Z-trisubstituted olefin only with fair to good yields. This cross-coupling reaction bears on the smooth and photoinduced formation of a C-centered radical that engages in a nickel-catalyzed organometallic cycle to form the key Csp2–Csp3 bond.
Iridium-Catalyzed Direct Amidation of Imidazoles at the C-2 Position with Isocyanates in the Presence of Hydrosilanes Leading to Imidazole-2-Carboxamides
Authors: Fukumoto Yoshiya , Shiratani Motohiro , Noguchi Hikaru , Chatani Naoto
Published: January 2021

Regioselective coupling reaction of N-substituted imidazoles with isocyanates in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of hydrosilanes catalyzed by Ir4(CO)12 to give imidazole-2-carboxamides is reported. Imidazoles bearing an (O-silyl)carboximidate group at the 2-position appear to be initially formed in the reaction; these are then hydrolyzed to the final products in situ. The addition of the hydrosilane was essential for the catalytic reaction to proceed. Substituents on the imidazole ring had no effect on the reaction, except for certain bulky substituents such as
t
Bu and Ph groups at the 4-position. Triazoles such as 4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole and 1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole were also applicable to this C–H amidation, and the latter reaction proceeded regioselectively at the carbon atom between the sp3 and sp2 nitrogen atoms of the ring, and not between the two sp2 nitrogen atoms.
Dutch Translation and Validation of the FACE-Q Rhinoplasty Module
Authors: Pingnet Laura , Verkest Valérie , Fransen Erik , Declau Frank
Published: January 2021

FACE-Q was developed by Klassen et al in 2010 as a validated psychometric evaluation instrument for patients undergoing aesthetic surgery. The aim of this study was to translate, adapt, and validate the FACE-Q rhinoplasty module into a Dutch version of the FACE-Q questionnaire conceptually equivalent to the original English version. “Satisfaction with nose” and “satisfaction with nostrils” questionnaires were used and translated from English into Dutch. The translation process and cross-cultural adaptation were conducted in accordance to the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and World Health Organization guidelines. Psychometric validation was performed prospectively on a patient cohort of 30 patients. Each step in the translation process allowed us to make changes to achieve a conceptual translation equivalent to the original version. Psychometric validation revealed highly significant values for internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and responsiveness. The use of international translation guidelines, with a strict translation–back-translation process, led to a Dutch version of the FACE-Q rhinoplasty module. Statistical validation proved the conceptual correspondence with the original English version. The FACE-Q rhinoplasty module is an adequate instrument for determining successful aesthetic surgery based on patient satisfaction. This tool measures twofold: the degree of success with respect to the patient as well as being an assessment tool for the surgeon. We hope this will provide an additional tool to the clinician evaluating the Dutch-speaking rhinoplasty patient.
Breast Cancer Management during Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Literature Review
Authors: Kurniawan Andree , Halim Devina Adella , Giselvania Angela , Sutandyo Noorwati , Panigoro Sonar Soni , Adisasmita Asri , Hatma Ratna Djuwita
Published: January 2021

Introduction Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer found in women. The World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a public health emergency of international concern. Delaying treatment was associated with mortality. The aim is to evaluate breast cancer management during the pandemic.

Methods We searched articles evaluating the management of breast cancer in the midst of COVID-19 outbreak, by searching in PubMed, PubMed Central, and Oncology Society related websites. We only included articles discussing adult breast cancer management in COVID-19 era. The two reviewers screened the titles and abstracts.

Results Around 124 articles were found through the searching process. Eight observational trials, two review articles, six guidelines or recommendations, and one letter to the editor were included in final review. It was concluded that breast cancer posed a risk to contract COVID-19. Newly suspected breast cancer could be deferred for screening or diagnosis, except for special breast cancer cases with bleeding, invasive, and complicated tumors. The benefit of radiotherapy option in every case should be carefully weighed against the risk of infection. Oral chemotherapy and hormonal therapy drugs were preferred to be given than intravenous chemotherapy. The scheduled chemotherapy could be adjusted to reduce hospital visit. Each breast cancer patient is different, so they should be discussed in multidisciplinary team consisting of surgical, radiation, and medical oncologists, pathologist, radiologist, palliative care people, nurses, nutritionist, and others related to the field.

Conclusion The International Oncology Society has released recommendations for breast cancer during COVID-19 pandemic but there is still questionable-quality evidence.
Bilateral Advancement Heart-Shaped Anoplasty for Severe Anal Stenosis: A New technique
Authors: Khanna Ajay K. , Khanna Soumya
Published: January 2021

Severe anal stenosis is an unusual complication following hemorrhoidectomy but leads to severe morbidity. The treatment of severe anal stenosis is usually some type of anoplasty. We designed a heart-shaped bilateral advancement anoplasty for the correction of this condition. We carried out this operation in five patients with successful results.
United by the global COVID-19 pandemic: divided by our values and viral identities
Authors: Lam Mimi E.
Published: January 2021

The rapidly evolving landscape of the global COVID-19 pandemic necessitates urgent scientific advances and adaptive behavioural and policy responses to contain viral transmission, reduce impacts on public health, and minimise societal disruption. Epidemiological models of SARS-CoV-2 transmission are heavily influencing policy responses, forecasting viral infection, transmission, and death rates under simplified representations of human behaviour. They either assume that all members of a population or demographic group behave identically or design individual behavioural rules based on demographic and mobility data. In pluralistic societies, however, individual behavioural responses vary with personal values, situational contexts, and social group identities, affecting policy compliance and viral transmission. Here, I identify and explore the impacts of salient viral identities or “COVID-19 personality types” that are emerging and fluidly coalescing with each other and existing social and political identities. The resultant heightened inter-group differentiation explains the politicisation of the pandemic and rampant racism, discrimination, and conflict observed now and with epidemics historically. Recognising salient COVID-19 behavioural identities can improve scientific forecasting of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and the impact of containment measures, as well as tailor nuanced policy interventions and communications to enhance individual coping and compliance. As governments contemplate easing social-distancing restrictions, the science-society-policy nexus needs fortification through public participation, structured deliberation, and evidence-informed decision-making of policy options to negotiate the complex value trade-offs among public health, the market economy, and civil liberty. By thus valuing human diversity to foster societal resilience, an ethical agenda can be set with a united response to the COVID-19 pandemic and global commons challenges whose impacts are less immediate, but no less dire for humanity.
Multipole lattice effects in high refractive index metasurfaces
Authors: Babicheva Viktoriia E. , Evlyukhin Andrey B.
Published: January 2021

In this Perspective, we outline the recent progress, primary achievements, and further directions in the development of high refractive index nanostructures and metasurfaces. In particular, we review the role of multipole lattice effects in resonant properties of underlying nanostructures and nanophotonic elements in detail. Planar optical designs with efficient light control at the nanoscale can be engineered based on photonic lattices that operate in the translational regime between two and three dimensions. Such transdimensional lattices include 3D-engineered nanoantennas supporting multipole Mie resonances and arranged in the 2D arrays to harness collective effects in the nanostructure. Lattice effects in the periodic nanoparticle arrays have recently attracted a lot of attention as they enable not only spectrally narrow resonant features but also resonance position tuning over a broad range. The recent results indicate that different nanoparticle multipoles not only produce resonant spectral features but are also involved in the cross-multipole coupling, and these effects need to be accounted for in photonic designs. Multipole lattice phenomena provide an effective way to control nanoparticle resonances, facilitate excitation of additional multipoles through a cross-multipole coupling, and enable light localization in planar photonic elements. We review different effects related to the same- and cross-multipole interactions in the arrays. Both infinite and finite arrays, as well as lattices of complex-shape nanoparticles, which allow out-of-plane multipole excitations, are considered.
Investigation of dissociative photoionization pathways for orientation-selected molecules by phase-controlled laser fields
Authors: Okutsu Kenichi , Saito Naoaki , Ohmura Hideki
Published: January 2021

Intense (5.0 × 1012 W/cm2) nanosecond phase-controlled laser fields consisting of fundamental and second-harmonic light induce orientation-selective molecular tunneling ionization in a randomly orientated molecular ensemble in a gas phase. The selection of oriented molecules enables one to elucidate dissociative photoionization pathways while eliminating loss of information due to orientational averaging. Here, we have investigated the dissociative ionization of hydrofluorocarbon molecules induced by phase-controlled two-color laser fields. From the phase-dependent behavior of photofragment emission from orientation-selected molecules, dissociation pathways were elucidated experimentally. Bond dissociation energies obtained by quantum chemical calculations support the identified dissociation pathways.
Fluorescence enhancement of a single germanium vacancy center in a nanodiamond by a plasmonic Bragg cavity
Authors: Kumar Shailesh , Wu Cuo , Komisar Danylo , Kan Yinhui , Kulikova Liudmilla F. , Davydov Valery A. , Agafonov Viatcheslav N. , Bozhevolnyi Sergey I.
Published: January 2021

Germanium vacancy (GeV) centers in diamonds constitute a promising platform for single-photon sources to be used in quantum information technologies. Emission from these color centers can be enhanced by utilizing a cavity that is resonant at the peak emission wavelength. We investigate circular plasmonic Bragg cavities for enhancing the emission from single GeV centers in nanodiamonds (NDs) at the zero phonon line. Following simulations of the enhancement for different configuration parameters, the appropriately designed Bragg cavities together with out-coupling gratings composed of hydrogen silsesquioxane ridges are fabricated around the NDs containing nitrogen vacancy centers deposited on a silica-coated silver surface. We characterize the fabricated configurations and finely tune the cavity parameters to match the GeV emission. Finally, we fabricate the cavity containing a single GeV-ND and compare the total decay-rate before and after cavity fabrication, finding a decay-rate enhancement of ∼5.5 and thereby experimentally confirming the feasibility of emission enhancement with circular plasmonic cavities.
Intraband dynamics and exciton trapping in the LH2 complex of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila
Authors: Thyrhaug Erling , Schröter Marco , Bukartė Eglė , Kühn Oliver , Cogdell Richard , Hauer Jürgen , Zigmantas Donatas
Published: January 2021

Over the last several decades, the light-harvesting protein complexes of purple bacteria have been among the most popular model systems for energy transport in excitonic systems in the weak and intermediate intermolecular coupling regime. Despite this extensive body of scientific work, significant questions regarding the excitonic states and the photo-induced dynamics remain. Here, we address the low-temperature electronic structure and excitation dynamics in the light-harvesting complex 2 of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila by two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. We find that, although at cryogenic temperature energy relaxation is very rapid, exciton mobility is limited over a significant range of excitation energies. This points to the presence of a sub-200 fs, spatially local energy-relaxation mechanism and suggests that local trapping might contribute substantially more in cryogenic experiments than under physiological conditions where the thermal energy is comparable to or larger than the static disorder.
Vertex dependent dynamic response of a connected Kagome artificial spin ice
Authors: Frotanpour Ali , Woods Justin , Farmer Barry , Kaphle Amrit P. , De Long Lance E.
Published: January 2021

We present experimental and numerical results for the dynamic response of a connected Kagome artificial spin ice. We explicitly consider the effect of the vertex magnetization configuration on the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) mode characteristics using micromagnetic simulations. We show that the bulk mode frequencies of each single-domain thin-film segment not only depend on the direction of the segment's easy-axes with respect to the applied magnetic field but also depend on the vertex magnetization configurations of nearby vertices. Therefore, the FMR modes can be controlled by altering the vertex magnetization texture. Moreover, we distinguish between vertex center modes (VCMs) and localized domain wall (LDW) modes. We show that the LDW mode evolves during the nucleation process of domain walls and that VCMs and LDW modes can be controlled using specific field protocols, which have important implications for future design of magnonic and spintronic devices.
Low-energy ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transitions of three-dimensional A(II)B(I)X3-type perovskite ferroelectrics: How to realize high phase transition temperatures
Authors: Bie Jie , Fa Wei , Chen Shuang
Published: January 2021

Organohalide lead perovskites are widely used in memory components, sensors, and photocells, owing to their excellent (opto)electronic or ferroelectric properties, especially light weight, and easy processing compared to pure inorganic perovskites. For their commercialization, the exploration of environmentally friendly lead-free perovskites has become a hot issue. Recently, a class of metal-free three-dimensional (3D) halide perovskites has been synthesized, and these perovskites exhibit superior ferroelectricity. With reference to the experiment-synthesized (MDABCO)(NH4)I3 (MDABCO = N-methyl-N′-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octonium), two new perovskites (MDABCO)KI3 and (MDABCO)RbI3 are designed through replacing NH4+ by metal ions. By using the first-principles calculations, we find that these (MDABCO)BI3 (B = NH4+, K+, and Rb+) perovskites all have a similar phase transition mechanism with ignorable barriers but prominent ferroelectricity (large spontaneous polarizations and high phase transition temperatures). Our design strategy can have important implications for the development of novel 3D perovskite ferroelectrics following this specific low-energy phase transition mechanism.