bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Socioeconomic Drought Based on a Standardized Supply and Demand Water Index
Authors: Zhou Jiawei , Chen Xiaohong , Xu Chuang , Wu Pan
Published: January 2022

Socioeconomic drought is a phenomenon of water shortage caused by an imbalance between the supply and demand of water resources in natural and human socioeconomic systems. Occurrence of these droughts is closely related to sustainable socioeconomic development. However, compared with meteorological drought, hydrological drought and agricultural drought, socioeconomic drought has received relatively little attention. Therefore, this paper proposes a universal and relatively simple socioeconomic drought assessment index, the Standardized Supply and Demand Water Index (SSDWI). Taking the Jianjiang River Basin (JJRB) in Guangdong Province, China as an example, socioeconomic drought characteristics and trends during 1985-2019 were analyzed. The return period of different levels of drought were calculated using a copula function to estimate the risk of socioeconomic drought in the basin, and the relationship between socioeconomic, meteorological, and hydrological droughts and their potential drivers were discussed. The results showed that: (1) SSDWI was a better index for characterizing socioeconomic drought in the JJRB. 29 socioeconomic droughts occurred in the basin during the past 35 years, with an average duration of 6.16 months and an average severity of 5.82 per events. Socioeconomic droughts mainly occurred in autumn and winter, which also had more severe droughts than other seasons. (2) In the JJRB, the joint return periods of ‘∪’ and ‘∩’ for moderate drought, severe drought and extreme drought were 8.81a and 10.81a, 16.49a and 26.44a, and 41.68a and 91.13a, respectively; (3) Due to the increasing outflow from Gaozhou Reservoir, the risk of socioeconomic drought and hydrological drought in the JJRB has significantly declined since 2008. The reasonable operation of the reservoir has played an important role in alleviating the hydrological and socioeconomic drought in the basin.
Reconstruction of the Motives and Goals of the First Colonizers of Siberia Based on the Materials of the Russian Colonization of the Far East
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Sergey A. Chernyshov
Published: January 2022

The article reconstructs individual characteristics of the subjects of the initial colonization of Siberia and the Far East and episodes of their advance to new lands. The main methodological approach of the research is the principle of historicism, as well as the principle of “activity constitutes”, widespread in psychological science, according to which identical activities and external conditions should give rise to similar worldview systems. On the basis of this premise, the possibility of judgments by analogy is substantiated in relation to the motives and goals of the first colonizers of Siberia based on the materials of the development of the Far East by the Russians. On the basis of materials of personal origin, the author examines the strategies of legitimizing individual actions of the pioneers through forcing the factor of external threat, as well as using the idea of “state good”. The colonialists use these arguments as a justification for their own actions in the east. At the same time, the acts of colonization undertaken by them have an adventurous connotation characterized by actions with a pronounced emotional component of the decisions made. The problems of relations with aborigines are considered separately. It is concluded that the idea of “peaceful peasant colonization”, which has a civilizing significance for the local population is untenable, as well as the conventionality of the transition of the aborigines under the authority of the Moscow government, which is fully realized by the pioneers.
New Trends in the Field of Public Memory
Authors:   Institute of History, Russian Academy of Science, Galina M. Zaporozhchenko
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the forms of public memory in the field of historical, cultural and scientific heritage on the example of commemorative practices in the Novosibirsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The source basis was the historiographic and information resource of publications about the SB RAS, the materials of the electronic open archive of the SB RAS, the results of the method of included observation. The methodological basis is the socio-cultural approach, the provisions on T. Shola’s mnemosophy. We consider the resonant commemorative events of 2020–2021 dedicated to the leaders of the Siberian Branch M. A. Lavrentiev, N. N. Yanenko, N. N. Pokrovsky, T. I. Zaslavskaya, doctor of philology M. I. Cheremisina, the builder of the Akademgorodok of the Novosibirsk Scientific Center general N. M. Ivanov. Conclusions are drawn that the sphere of public memory is an important component of the socio-cultural framework of the territory of the “scientific topos”. Novosibirsk Akademgorodok is a complex innovative form of public memory that configures the socio-cultural environment for the tasks of commemoration. The calendar-anniversary principle of commemoration of memorable dates is complemented by the logic of spiritual attachment to the heritage of significant personalities. The line between institutional and private initiatives and partnerships is being blurred. There is a further rethinking of the contribution and significance of the leaders of science. In various forms of public memory, social orientation, social activism, and moral agentivity are noted. The practical value of generalizing and algorithmizing the experience of commemoration is due to the importance of the socio-cultural function of the sphere of public memory in creating a semantic space of social myth-making, which significantly affects the life of society, the accumulation of historiographic and information resources for the successful implementation of national projects related to the modernization of science and education in the face of great challenges of modernity.
The Facts Speak for Themselves: the Monographic Research by T. A. Konstantinova on the History of National Archives in Eastern Transbaikalia
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Victor I. Mertsalov
Published: January 2022

In her monograph T. A. Konstantinova investigates the formation and development of archival work in Eastern Transbaikalia over the course of 100 years. The author examined step by step the working conditions, the multilateral activities of archival institutions and, first of all, the State Archives of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The factual material is new, with a few exceptions. It testifies that the period of formation of archival work in the region lasted from 1917 to 1939, and the period of its development ‒ from 1939 to 1991. The style of the study is characterized by the maximum setting for the facts to speak for themselves. They are presented with a laconic author’s accompaniment. There are only few estimates by T. A. Konstantinova. The volume context is minimal. The chapters’ titles have the context property. The first three chapters reveal the formation of archival affairs in the years when the Soviet government overcame the grave consequences of the Civil War and carried out a deep reconstruction of the country. The last three chapters reflect the development of archiving in the context of a stable state of government. The final chapter covers the period of 1991‒2018. It shows that archival work has not fallen apart together with the Soviet state. It has withstood and rebuilt in the new historical realities. The text and the Appendix of the monograph contain rich material on personalities, identified by the author on the basis of archival data.
Educator, Archeologist, Local History Export, Museographer (65th anniversary of Alexander Vasilyevich Konstantinov)
Authors:   Transbaikal Regional Museum named after A. K. Kuznetsov, Natalia N. Konstantinova
Published: January 2022

The article deals with scientific and educational activity of Alexander Vasilyevich Konstantinov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, chairman of Transbaikal Branch of the Russian Geographical Society on the occasion of his 65th anniversary. The scientist’s contribution to the historical science of the region, especially to the study of its ancient history is presented and his role in the development of education, including the training of teachers in Transbaikal region is assessed in the paper.
Russian-Mongolian Trade and Economic Relations at the Beginning of the 20th Century: History and Stages of Development
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Eduard V. Batunaev
Published: January 2022

For a long time, trade relations in this region have played an important role between agricultural and nomadic cultures. The Great Silk Road, the first trans-Eurasian trade route connecting East Asia and the Mediterranean in antiquity and the Middle Ages, promoted an intensive exchange of goods, interpenetration of cultures, transfer of knowledge and technology. Russia and Mongolia have long common borders, close economic, cultural, and religious ties of border territories. The study shows the development of Russian-Mongolian trade and economic relations, considers the volume of trade, analysis of the range of goods, the ratio of the trade turnover of the Russian-Mongolian trade, the main directions of trade routes, expeditions to study the Mongolian market. The characterization of the rivalry of Russian, Chinese and foreign entrepreneurs in Mongolia is given. Different positions of Russian statesmen, trade circles and the public regarding the prospects of Russian-Mongolian trade are revealed. An assessment of the routes of scientific and trade expeditions in the study of the state of the Mongolian market is given. The problematic sides in the Russian-Mongolian trade and the ways of their solution are revealed. Particular attention is paid to cross-border territories that played an important role in the development of trade and economic relations. In his work, the author relied mainly on the principles of historicism, scientific nature and objectivity, historical-genetic, historical-dynamic, comparative-historical, retrospective methods, which allowed the most complete analysis of the main stages and patterns, dynamics of trade, problems and prospects for the development of Russian Mongolian trade and economic ties. An analysis of Russian-Mongolian trade and economic relations allowed the author to come to the conclusion that, despite the existing problems in the development of trade, Mongolia occupied an important place in the political and economic interests of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century, especially for Siberian commercial and industrial capital, which had common long borders and long-standing trade and economic ties. The study showed that the border territories of Siberia were closely integrated into trade and economic relations with Mongolia and were a kind of outpost in Russia’s Far Eastern policy.
Magnetometric Methods in Archaeology (on the Example of Excavations in Uruk, Iraq): Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   Kazan (Volga) Federal University, Alhusseini Ameer Hameed Saffah Alhusseini Ameer Hameed Saffah
Published: January 2022

The article examines various theoretical points of view and concepts that exist in the modern literature on the problem of conceptualization of magnetometry in the aspect of archaeological research. The aim of the article is to characterize magnetometric methods by studying the literature which describes the convergence of magnetometry and archaeological excavation issues, as well as to identify areas for future research developments. In conducting this study, such general scientific methods as a systematic approach, analysis, synthesis, and generalization were used. 72 scientific articles obtained from the results of a bibliographic search in the Scopus and RSCI databases were analyzed. A systematic review of the available scientific literature revealed a limited but rapidly growing coverage of this phenomenon by scientific research, which mainly focused on several aspects: characteristics of magnetometric methods, potential and problems of their use in archaeology; archaeological exploration-magnetic susceptibility studies, magnetometric studies; archaeomagnetic dating. Magnetometric methods are widely used in archaeological research of the city of Uruk and its surroundings. An analysis of the literature has provided insight into the important contribution of the information stored in the magnetic record to the modern archaeology of Uruk. The magnetometer study will continue and provide a comprehensive picture of the Uruk structure over time. Further research efforts to expand the scope of research on the possibilities of using magnetometry in archaeology can be aimed at overcoming a number of problems. The prospects for expanding the use of magnetometry in archaeology are associated with overcoming a number of methodological and technological limitations. Combining the magnetometry data and the results of statistical studies, such as Bayesian statistics, reduces the number of errors of each method and leads to an increase in the accuracy of the results.
Socio-Cultural Practices of the Siberian Merchants of the Second Half of the XIX – Early XX Century in the Coverage of Modern Russian Historiography
Authors:   Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Olga G. Klimova
Published: January 2022

The study of the socio-cultural activities of entrepreneurs including the history of everyday life as its integral part is one of the important aspects of the study of regional history. The historiography of the history of socio-cultural practices in pre-revolutionary Siberia has not been fully studied yet. The purpose of the article is to identify the patterns of the modern historiographic situation on the basis of understanding the study of the history of socio-cultural practices of business people in pre-revolutionary Siberia. The work used the general methods of scientific knowledge: historicism, logical analysis, deduction and induction, which made it possible to conduct a consistent analysis of the works of researchers, to identify the main characteristics. Modern researchers in their works have raised a number of problems: trends in the development of charity, the scope of investment of donated money, forms of participation in various events, contributions to the development of libraries, museums, schools, orphanages, etc. Historians used quantitative indicators of the participation of entrepreneurs in the social and cultural life of Siberian cities, the motives of the merchants’ charity. The following topics were studied: support for education, participation in the improvement of cities, contribution to the development of culture and museum affairs, financing of expeditions, church and charitable activities, targeted assistance to those in need. In general, and in the conclusions of this article, the expansion of scientific knowledge about the socio-social history of Siberia after the reform period is emphasized, the points of view of historians on the role and place of businessmen in the cultural and social spheres of the life of the region are revealed. Historiographic analysis is relevant from the point of view of modern discussions about the contribution of entrepreneurs to the development of cities, culture, economy, and charity in pre-revolutionary Siberia. The revival of entrepreneurship, modern socio-economic processes encourage specialists to in-depth study of the history of socio-cultural practices of the Siberian merchants.
Specialized sports nutrition products using protein hydrolysis compositions of collagen-containing fish raw materials
Authors: Pomanenko (Mezenova) N. Yu. , Mezenova O. Ya. , Nekrasova Yu. O.
Published: January 2022

The development of specialized sports nutrition with components of collagen-containing fish raw materials is due to the shortage of domestic products of this group, the problem of fish waste processing, scientific data on bioactive peptides of marine origin. Low-molecular active peptides and protein-mineral compositions in the form of powder and liquid dietary supplements were obtained from the scales of sardine and sardinella by methods of deep hydrolysis. During the hydrolysis of raw materials, fermentolysis was carried out with the Alcalase 2.5L enzyme, thermohydrolysis - at temperatures of 130-140 °C. The chemical composition of the scales of two fish species, the products of its hydrolysis, and the amino acid composition of its proteins have been studied. The amount of low-molecular-weight peptides in hydrolysates of sardine scales was investigated by various methods of hydrolysis. Rational methods of hydrolysis of scales - enzymatic and enzymatic-thermal - have been substantiated. They make it possible to obtain protein supplements with protein content of 83.9-85.2 % with a proportion of active peptides with a molecular weight of less than 10 kDa 91.7-98.1 %. A technology for obtaining protein supplements from fish scales has been developed, and their amino acid composition has been studied. The presence of irreplaceable and ergogenic amino acids, accompanying nitrogenous compounds, valuable in sports nutrition, was shown in the peptide supplement. An increased content of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in the protein-mineral dietary supplement being important for the musculoskeletal tissues of an athlete has been established. On the basis of protein supplements in dry and liquid forms with the addition of beekeeping products, the technology of chewing marmalade for sports nutrition has been developed. Bioproduct "Apikolltonus" belongs to the class of gainers with a protein content of 20.5 %, a carbohydrate of 41.6 % with an amino acid value of BCAA (isoleucine : leucine : valine) 2 : 1 : 1.5. A multicomponent bar for sports nutrition has been developed using protein hydrolysates of scales, flaxseed and apple cakes, and pine nuts. The bar is functional in terms of the content of calcium and phosphorus, dietary fiber, flavonoids, and vitamin E. Recommendations for the use of new sports nutrition products are substantiated.
Beyond Gross-Pitaevskii equation for 1D gas: quasiparticles and solitons
Authors: Kopyciński Jakub , Łebek Maciej , Marciniak Maciej , Ołdziejewski Rafał , Górecki Wojciech , Pawłowski Krzysztof
Published: January 2022

Describing properties of a strongly interacting quantum many-body system poses a serious challenge both for theory and experiment. In this work, we study excitations of one-dimensional repulsive Bose gas for arbitrary interaction strength using a hydrodynamic approach.
We use linearization to study particle (type-I) excitations and numerical minimization to study hole (type-II) excitations.
We observe a good agreement between our approach and exact solutions of the Lieb-Liniger model for the particle modes and discrepancies for the hole modes.
Therefore, the hydrodynamical equations find to be useful for long-wave structures like phonons and of a limited range of applicability for short-wave ones like narrow solitons. We discuss potential further applications of the method.
TÜRK VATANDAŞLIĞININ SONRADAN KAZANILMASINDA İDARENİN TAKDİR YETKİSİ
Authors: TUYSUZ Cemre
Published: January 2022

Türk hukukunda idareye takdir yetkisi kamu yararına ulaşılması amacıyla çeşitli şekillerde kanunen verilmektedir. Takdir yetkisi kanunda açık düzenlemelerle verilebileceği gibi, belirsiz kavramların mevzuatta yer alması veya idareye değerlendirme imkânı tanınması suretiyle de verilebilmektedir. Türk vatandaşlığının sonradan kazanılmasının usul ve esasları 5901 sayılı Türk Vatandaşlığı Kanunu ve Türk Vatandaşlığı Kanunu’nun Uygulanmasına İlişkin Yönetmelik’te düzenlenmiştir. Bu düzenlemelere göre çeşitli şartlarda ve usullerde yabancılar Türk vatandaşlığını kazanabilmektedir. Sonradan vatandaşlık kazanmada yetkili makam genel itibariyle İçişleri Bakanlığı olmakla beraber, bazı hallerde Cumhurbaşkanı’dır. İçişleri Bakanlığı veya Cumhurbaşkanı tarafından Türk vatandaşlığı kazanma başvuruları ile ilgili yapılacak işlemler neticesinde, söz konusu başvuru kabul veya reddedilmektedir. Yabancıların Türk vatandaşlığı kazanmasında idare tarafından verilecek kararların niteliği, aynı zamanda idarenin takdir yetkisinin olup olmadığını da belirlemektedir. Bu çalışmada Türk vatandaşlığının sonradan kazanılma hallerinde belirlenen esasların içeriği, vatandaşlık kazanma başvurularında idareye takdir yetkisi tanınıp tanınmamasına göre incelenecektir. İdarenin takdir yetkisinin bulunduğunun kabul edildiği hallerde ise bu takdir yetkisinin sınırları belirlenmeye çalışılacaktır.
MURAL DA PERTENÇA: PROPOSTA DE ARTE PARTICIPATIVA
Authors: Hickmann Juliana Copetti
Published: January 2022

A presente pesquisa objetivou pensar a arte mural como meio coletivo de expressão e comunicação congruente a seu lugar de inserção, com particular enfoque na comunidade interna do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Paraná (IFPR), Campus de Foz do Iguaçu. Buscou-se, assim, o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia participativa no sentido de envolver os alunos em um processo artístico por meio da criação de um mural a ser pintado em conjunto nas dependências internas do campus. A pesquisa é dividida em três etapas: Na primeira, discorre-se sobre a Arte pública e coletiva, com destaque à sua dimensão comunicacional diante do público. Em seguida, pensa-se nos sentidos de pertencimento dos sujeitos aos espaços em que se encontram, com particular olhar para o espaço escolar e suas dimensões simbólicas, sociais e afetivas. Ao propor um fortalecimento desse vínculo de pertencimento via fazer artístico, buscou-se referências de distintas práticas artísticas participativas. Finalmente, desenvolveu-se um guia contendo todos os passos para a concepção de uma pintura mural a ser realizada coletivamente. Busca-se, na concepção do mural e no seu caráter participativo, um sentido de identificação do e com o ambiente do Campus Foz do Iguaçu, como espaço a ser estimado por aqueles que o frequentam. Transita-se, assim, pela compreensão sobre a Arte como forma de praticar, vivenciar e inserir-se em seu próprio contexto social e cultural.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO MAPEAMENTO DE INFORMAÇÕES E DO PORTAL DAS ARTES DO IFPR PARA A EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Simião Pinto Mônica Luiza , Milcarek Luciana
Published: January 2022

O artigo apresenta as contribuições de como o mapeamento e sistematização das informações das ações envolvendo ensino, pesquisa e extensão, na área de Arte e Cultura, desenvolvidas no âmbito do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Paraná (IFPR) resulta na construção de uma rede de saberes. Tendo o início no projeto de pesquisa “Arte e Cultura no IFPR: uma perspectiva de otimizar a aprendizagem e as relações humanas na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica”, que visava coletar dados das ações, projetos e atividades artísticas e culturais, no âmbito do IFPR, as informações levantadas corroboraram com as políticas institucionais propostas no Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI). Após, com a criação dos Núcleos de Arte e Cultura (NACs) e, posteriormente, em parceria com a Pró-Reitoria de Extensão, Pesquisa, Pós-Graduação e Inovação (Proeppi), fez-se do Portal das Artes do IFPR, uma ferramenta institucional. O resultado principal demonstra que a gestão da informação no âmbito artístico e cultural é de fundamental importância para a viabilidade e sucesso das ações, pois por meio da informação é possível definir planos e ações que possam ser desenvolvidas. Auxiliam ainda na atuação das mais diversas áreas de expressão artística e com a possibilidade de capacitação e aperfeiçoamento permanente dos servidores na área artística e cultural; bem como a valorização, experimentação e pesquisa das manifestações artísticas e de expressão da identidade, para a divulgação da Arte e da diversidade cultural.
Estructura, propiedades y genética de las caseínas de la leche: una revisión
Authors: Padilla Doval Jonathan , Zambrano Arteaga Juan Carlos
Published: January 2022

La leche es un alimento esencial para los humanos y una de sus importancias radica en el contenido de proteínas lácteas. Las proteínas más frecuentes en este preciado líquido son las caseínas (αS1-caseína, αS2-caseína, β-caseína y κ-caseína), las cuales son fuente de aminoácidos para la dieta de los mamíferos en sus primeros días de vida. En la leche, las caseínas, están formadas por agregados moleculares de proteínas de tamaños variables denominados micelas. El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar un panorama general de la estructura, propiedades y genética de las caseínas lácteas y su relación con la salud humana. A partir de esta revisión, se pudo establecer, que las αs1 y αs2 caseínas se encuentran en conjunto con la β-caseína, formando el núcleo micelar, interactuando con los iones de calcio, para formar y mantener la micela estable. Animales caracterizados genéticamente con algunas variantes de estas proteínas, se asocian con un rendimiento en el volumen de leche. La κ-caseína, por su parte, está asociada con un aumento en el rendimiento y calidad de los quesos, de ahí su importancia económica, mientras que las formas más comunes de β-caseína en razas de ganado lechero son A1 y A2. La β-caseína A2 no presenta efectos negativos a la salud humana, por el contrario, ha sido asociada con propiedades reductoras de colesterol y triacilglicéridos. Sin embargo, la variante A1 de la β-caseína produce un péptido bioactivo denominado β-casomorfina-7 (BCM-7), que puede desempeñar un papel etiológico poco claro en el desarrollo de algunas enfermedades en humanos, tales como: enfermedad isquémica del corazón, diabetes mellitus tipo 1, síndrome de muerte súbita infantil (SIDS), desórdenes neurológicos, como autismo y esquizofrenia.
Variation of intraocular pressure comparing rebound (TONOVET Plus®) and applanation (TONO-PEN VET®) tonometry in New Zealand rabbits treated with Amlodipine®
Authors: Murillo Arroyave Javier Dario , Robledo Sara M , Montaño Jaime , Acevedo Sandra Patricia
Published: January 2022

Rabbits have played an important role in ophthalmological research processes, however in the environment there has been a deficiency of sensitive equipment in measurement of intraocular pressure for this species. To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measured with rebound (TONOVET Plus®) and applanation (TONO-PEN VET®) tonometry in healthy New Zealand rabbits treated with Amlodipine. Twelve healthy male New Zealand white rabbits, 5 months old; two groups with 6 individuals were used in this study. The experimental group was given Amlodipine® at a dose of 5 mg/kg, once a day for a month. Blood pressure and intraocular pressure were measurement before treatment and 6 h after treatment in a period of one month. A trend is noted where the group of animals treated with amlodipine® presents lower values than the control group, both in systolic and diastolic pressure. The systolic pressure of the control group showed an average of 116.5 ± 7.9 mmHg and 117.4 ± 8.9 mmHg and the treatment group showed an average of 113.6 ± 7.9 mmHg and 111.8 ± 10.0 mmHg (pretreatment and posttreatment respectively). Tonometry: the values obtained using the TONOVET Plus® (19 ± 3 mmHg) are on average higher than the values obtained using the TONO-PEN VET® (17 ± 3 mmHg). It was possible to demonstrate the relationship between systemic blood pressure and intraocular pressure in New Zealand white rabbits. Rebound tonometry showed less variability in results than applanation tonometry. This study confirmed that both tonometers are reliable for measuring IOP in rabbits.
Impact of Covid-19 on the Financial Sector Indices
Authors:   Department of Humanities, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore – 641 004, India, D. Bhuvaneshwari
Published: January 2022

This study is an attempt to assess the impact of Covid-19 and the lockdown pronounced thereof on the Nifty sectoral indices with specific reference to the financial sector indices owing to their significance in the economy. The OLS regression, Granger Causality and Impulse Response Function were estimated to measure the changes in the future responses of Nifty 50 to the changes in the select sectoral indices, namely, Nifty Bank, Nifty Financial Services and Nifty Private Banks and Nifty PSU Banks for the period consisting two sub-periods, i.e., the first sub-period from April 2019 to March 2020 are assumed as the preCovid-19 period and the second sub-period from April 2020 to March 2021 is assumed as the period during Covid-19. The results indicated that the shock of the Covid-19 had an impact on the financial sector indices in India during the Covid-19 period.
Questioning the early events leading to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   University of Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, 67205, France, Reis J. , Frutos R. ,   Intertryp, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, 3438 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, Buguet A. ,   University Claude-Bernard Lyon-1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France, Le Faou A. ,   Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Pharmacie and Faculté de Médecine Maïeutique et Métiers de la Santé, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, 54500, France, Sandner G. ,   University of Strasbourg, Faculty of medicine, Strasbourg, 67100, France, Román G.C. ,   Neurological Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, 6560, Texas, TX 77030, USA, Spence P.S. ,   Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Portland, OR 97239, USA
Published: January 2022

Sixteen months after the January 30, 2020 declaration by the World Health Organization of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern regarding the spread of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 had infected ~ 170 million humans worldwide of which > 3.5 million had died. We critically examine information on the virus origin, when and where the first human cases occurred, and point to differences between Chinese and later clinical presentations. The official patient Zero was hospitalized in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, on December 8, 2019, but retrospective analyses demonstrate prior viral circulation. Coronaviruses are present in mammals and birds, but whether a wild animal (e.g. bat, pangolin) was the source of the human pandemic remains disputed. We present two contamination models, the spillover versus the circulation model; the latter brings some interesting hypotheses about previous SARS-CoV-2 virus circulation in the human population. The age distribution of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at the start of the epidemic differed between China and the USA–EU; Chinese hospitalized patients were notably younger. The first Chinese publications did not describe anosmia-dysgeusia, a cardinal symptom of COVID-19 in Europe and USA. The prominent endothelial involvement linked with thrombotic complications was discovered later. These clinical discrepancies might suggest an evolution of the virus.
Score estimate of covid-19 risks as per socio-hygienic and behavioral indicators
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, bldg. 2, 8 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Isiutina-Fedotkova T.S. , Kazieva D.Yu. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, bldg. 2, 8 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Sukhov V.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, bldg. 2, 8 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Mitrokhin O.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, bldg. 2, 8 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Epidemiologic situation remains a serious concern all over the world due to the coronavirus infection spread. It is vital to adhere to measure of non-specific COVID-19 prevention. According to literature data, the highest risks of the infection spread occur in public transport, retail outlets where foods and nonfoods are sold, medical organizations, and chemists’ shops. Our research objects were socio-hygienic and behavioral indicators that were risk factors of the coronavirus infection. Our research aim was to substantiate a score estimate of the COVID-19 contagion risk based on socio-hygienic and behavioral indicators. Questioning was applied to determine frequency of visiting public places and adherence to basic measurements of non-specific COVID-19 prevention; overall, 400 respondents took part in it. A questionnaire was developed by experts of the De-partment of General Hygiene at Sechenov University and contained questions aimed at revealing informative signs (risk factors) of the coronavirus infection spread. Cluster analysis was applied to group respondents’ questions and to identify informative signs for further development of a scale showing risk categories. Factor analysis in a form of principal component analysis was applied to questions that had the highest number of statistically significant indicators of Spearman’s correlation coefficient. We developed a procedure for assessing risks of COVID-19 contagion according to socio-hygienic and behavioral in-dicators and substantiated risk categories. The most significant risk factors were indicators related to mandatory mask wearing when visiting specific social objects (risk objects); when taking trips by various means of public transport and duration of such trips; keeping social distance when visiting social objects. We performed score estimate of risk categories regarding COVID-19 contagion.
Establishing indicators for assessing non-carcinogenic risks under chronic inhalation expo-sure to benzene and average annual mpc for benzene as per health risk criteria
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Shur P.Z. , Zaitseva N.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Khasanova А.А. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Chetverkina К.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation,   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, 26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm, 614000, Russian Federation, Ukhabov V.М. ,   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, 26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm, 614000, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Recently multiple new toxicological and epidemiologic data on negative effects produced by chemicals have become available; given that, it is necessary to improve quantitative criteria applied in health risk assessment. It is advisable to revise previously established reference concentrations and to make more precise lists of organs and systems affected by a chemical in concentrations which are either equal to reference one or exceed it. Our research aim was to establish a reference concentration for benzene and additional quantitative indicators of its effects (additional reference concentrations) on specific organs and systems under chronic inhalation exposure; another aim was to determine average annual MPC verified as per permissible lifetime carcinogenic risk using evolution models. The research allowed recommending 0.005 mg/m3 to be used as a reference concentration under chronic inhalation exposure to benzene; a decrease in quantity of B-lymphocytes was recommended as a critical effect since this decrease might produce negative effects on the blood and immune system. Additional reference concen-trations for benzene were fixed at 0.007 mg/m3 for the liver as a critical organ and 0.012 mg/mg3 for violated process of organism development as a critical effect. They can be used as additional indicators for assessing non-carcinogenic health risks under chronic inhalation exposure to benzene in its elevated concentrations. Our research results were used to substantiate average annual MPC for benzene in ambient air; its recommended value was 0.005 mg/m3 since it provided safety (absence of impermis-sible (unacceptable) lifetime health risk), probable carcinogenic effects taken into account.
Age-related aspects in risk of developing nervous system pathology in gymnasium students
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Maklakova О.А. , Valina S.L. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Shtina I.Е. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Eisfeld D.А. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Growing neuropsychic disorders caused by intensified educational process are a peculiar feature of schoolchildren’s health at present. Our research aim was to examine age-related peculiarities in risks of developing nervous system pathology in school-children attending a gymnasium. We performed clinical examination of 94 children in primary school (Group A) and 56 children in middle school (Group B) who attended a gymnasium. The examination included determining contents of neuromediators and neurotrophic factors in blood, neuro-psychological computer testing (reaction test and STROOP-test). Educational activities were evaluated to determine whether the educational process conformed to hygienic standards. Statistical data analysis involved determining relative risk and odds ratio as well as establishing cause–effect relations. Hygienic assessment of educational activities revealed several adverse factors that made for developing disorders of the nervous system. They included growing weekly educational loads, irrational distribution of school subjects in schedules, and too long use of interactive whiteboards during lessons. We established that nervous system pathology was already developing in 62.8 % children in primary school and 42.9 % children in middle school. We also revealed that asthenoneurotic syndrome and neurosis-like syndrome were by 2.2 times more probable among primary schoolchildren whereas vegetative dysfunction was by 1.6 times more probable among middle school children. Asthenoneurotic syndrome in primary school children was accompanied with lower NOTCH-1 levels in 41.9 % cases; lower acetylcholine content in blood, in 66.7 %; greater serotonin content in blood, in 29.2 %. The disorder became apparent through increased fatigability and weakness, as well as children being too whiny and moody. Middle school children had by 3.1–6.4 times higher risks of lower neuregulin-1β and tumor necrosis factor contents in blood; developing vegetative dysfunctions in them were accompanied with sleeping disorders, headaches, and palpitation. Primary school children were established to have slower perception of a visual and sound stimulus, developing fatigue of kinesthetic reactions as well as rigid cognitive control and poorly automated gnostic functions.
Analysis of product mix, capacity release and utilities
Authors: García-Vidal Gelmar , Pérez-Campdesuñer Reyner , Sánchez-Rodríguez Alexander , Martínez-Vivar Rodobaldo
Published: January 2022

The objective of the article is to present the design and application of a technique based on the Cost - Volume - Benefit method, in order to have economic - financial information of the right mix of products that allows achieving the expected results of the organization in a negotiation process. The proposed analysis has the usual components of the Cost - Volume - Benefit method, namely unit price, unit variable cost, operating expenses and financial expenses. The technique consists of ten steps that will lead to create as many scenarios as necessary in which the mix of products, the installed capacity and the profits of the organization will be evaluated, the ultimate goal of the same. These steps, through the formulations that allow their application, will explain the way to achieve the desired profits or the point of balance with a certain composition of products. The application is made in a small business consisting of a machining workshop. The results obtained show that the proposed technique allows the achievement of the stated objective, in the case that occupies a level of desired utilities. This research provides an economic-financial perspective so that entrepreneurs have the information required to prepare the negotiation processes and can make the most pertinent decisions in order to achieve the expected results.
Characteristics and pharmacological treatment options of delirium patients treated at Sanglah Central General Hospital
Authors: Diniari Ni Ketut Sri , Aryani Luh Nyoman Alit
Published: January 2022

Delirium is a syndrome characterized by disturbances of consciousness and cognition that occur acutely and fluctuate. Delirium can be caused by general medical conditions, drug users, sensory disturbances, polypharmacy, etc. The etiology of delirium is diverse and non-specific. The preference of pharmacological therapy in delirium is still a debate. Descriptive research with the retrospective cross-sectional method, using secondary data in medical records at the Sanglah Central General Hospital Denpasar for the period January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020. Patients who were consulted were 166 people, with sex 57 people (34.3%) and 109 women (65.7%). The incidence of delirium in adults (20-59 years old) and elderly (age 60 years) is the highest with 51.2% and 45.1% respectively.  One-third of 45 people (37.2%) had overlapping dementia. Most of the 142 people (85.5%) were experiencing significant life stress. The most common type of delirium was hyperactive delirium (74%). The underlying disease of delirium varies such as the cause of infection (24.1%), intracranial process (19%), malignancy 18.1%, cardiovascular (10.1%), endocrine disorders,(7.8%), kidney disorders (6%), and others in small percentages.
existence of tourism higher education under the ministry of tourism and creative economy (PTNP) toward Indonesia’s golden generation 2045
Authors: Rijal Syamsu , Arifin Muhammad , Rante Margaretha W , Musawantoro Muhammad , Badollahi Muh Zainuddin
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze and determine the strategy of Tourism Higher Education (PTNP) operated by the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy Republic of Indonesia towards vision Indonesia’s Golden Generation 2045. This research is a policy research to solve social problems that aims to identify the implementation of adaptation, innovation, and collaboration strategy. The results of this study indicated that Tourism Higher Education (PTNP) in the face of two main trends, namely globalization and pandemic COVID-19. The winning strategy of Tourism Higher Education (PTNP) were, 1) Adaption strategy, by provided facilities and support the lecturer and faculty members to use hightech and also strictly discipline with CHSE standard to protect the spread of  COVID-19 pandemic. 2) Innovation strategy, by using hightech in education and curriculum designed to facilitate long distance learning as well as  the development of big data for personnel, finance, logistics and students so that it will facilitate access to information and strategic decision making. 3) Collaboration strategy, by sharing utilization and industry expert on training and education as well as job recruitment and internship program.
Cartographie des malaises français Soumission et Sérotonine de Michel Houellebecq
Authors: Lemaître Clément
Published: January 2022

The critique of liberalism and its impact on all facets of life is a topic that structures Michel Houellebecq’snovels. His last two novels, Submissionand Serotonin, point out the dislocation of society into many parts that no longer communicate because they hold different values and occasionally end up clashing. Writing a work of fiction, like the Naturalist novelists, is a way to conduct political and social experiments toproduce an analysis of the contemporary world. This analysis is created by a singular voice that imposes its temperament, its obsessions,and its convictions on this representation of reality. This paperwill try to expose the character of this voice and the tensions it describes in French society.
Une France islamisée issue ou impasse ? À travers Soumission de Michel Houellebecq
Authors: Xinyi Liu
Published: January 2022

Islamophobic work with an Islamophile hero? Michel Houellebecq seems to play on the opposition games in Submission, a work that foresees both political and social tension between secular and IslamizedFrance, in the context of the presidential elections in 2022. Behind the macroscopic conflicts, the author portrays a hero, a professor of literature, who tries to find religious enlightenment by following in the footsteps of Huysmans. As he fails, he canonly submit to Islamic rule. What does an Islamic regime in France symbolize in this novel? What does the hero’s failure to God and his submission to Islam mean? Is there still a place for belief in our time? In this paper, we will try to answer these questions by clarifying the political but especially religious and literary stakes of this novel.
Satire, points de vue et déradicalisation dans Moi, Khaled Kelkal de Salim Bachi
Authors: Wagner Martine
Published: January 2022

, Khaled Kelkalevokes the trajectory of Khaled Kelkal, son of Algerian immigrants from the Lyon suburbs, radicalized in prison, and involved in various terrorist attacks in France in 1995. Although the novel takes the form of a testimony from Kelkal with a single voice,polyphony allows Salim Bachi to constantly make two points of view coincide within the narration, that of the radicalized and that of a skeptic Other, who gauges various speeches, and is sort of a double of the author. Points of view and intertextuality allow the reader to exercise their critical mind, making the novel both a pedagogical text on jihadist recruitment and a praxis of deradicalization.
Dérives identitaires déclinaisons de l’engagement littéraire au XXIe siècle. La modernité un projet inachevé
Authors: Alves Ana Maria
Published: January 2022

Throughout the 20th century, literature of “engagement”took center stage in the hands of Sartre, emphasizing the responsibility of the writer. Our purpose is to reflect on way the texts from the end of the last century have made this modality of “engagement”some how . In addition, we will try to ascertain and present what the new methods of literary intervention consist of.