bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nomenclatural standards of raspberry cultivars bred in the Altai
Authors: Kamnev A. M. , Yagovtseva N. D. , Dunaeva S. E. , Gavrilenko T. A. , Chukhina I. G.
Published: January 2022

This article is devoted to designing nomeclatural standars and herbarium vouchers of raspberry cultivars bred in the M.A. Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture for Siberia. The article presents nomeclatural standards of cultivars ‘Barnaul’skaya’, ‘Blesk’, ‘Dobraya’, ‘Zoren’ka Altaya’, ‘Illyuziya’, ‘Kredo’ and ‘Rubinovaya’. The work has been performed according to the rules and recommendations outlined in the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants and guidelines developed for the vegetatively propagated plants. The material for nomenclatural standards should be collected with assistance of either the cultivar author, a representative of the institution owning the cultivar, or an expert in these cultivars. Therefore, material of the cultivars in question was picked with assistance of N.D. Yagovtseva, a representative of the Lisavenko Institute and author of two cultivars ‘Blesk’ and ‘Dobraya’. Nomenclatural standards contain two herbarium sheets with parts of one plant collected at the same time: the first sheet holds the middle third of a primocane and a leaf from this part, while the second one displays the middle third of a floricane and a lateral branch with fruits. Also, the specimens were supplied with photos of fruits taken before herbarization. The nomenclature standards have been deposited with the Herbarium of cultivated plants, their wild relatives, and weeds (WIR).
Nomenclatural standards of black currant cultivars bred at VIR
Authors: Tikhonova O. A. , Shabliuk N. O. , Gavrilenko T. A. , Dunaeva S. E. , Talovina G. V.
Published: January 2022

In the framework of the program initiated at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), nomenclatural standards of five domestic black currant cultivars have been prepared. The present paper presents nomenclatural standards of these five cultivars bred at VIR: ‘Binar’, ‘Veloy’, ‘Peterburzhenka’, ‘Poeziya’ and ‘Trilena’. Plant morphological traits and breeding characters of these cultivars are described. Iinformation is provided on the formation and development of the VIR black currants collection at the Pavlovsk Experiment Station of VIR.
International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. Division II: Chapters I, II
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2022

International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. Division II: Chapters I, II / I.G. Chukhina, S.R. Miftakhova, V.I. Dorofeуev (transl.). Transl. of: «International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. Ed. 9. Scripta Horticulturae. 2016;18:I-XVII+1-190».
DESIGN OF THE POWER TRANSISTOR ENERGY CONVERTERS FOR AUTOMATED DC-DRIVE SYSTEMS
Authors:   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Melnykov V.
Published: January 2022

Purpose. One of the integral parts of modern mechatronic motion modules, where electric motors provide the conversion of electrical energy into useful mechanical action, are power semiconductor converters. At the current stage of industrial development, the use of energy converters as a part of a fully controlled semiconductor switches opens wide opportunities for the development and implementation of highly efficient resource- and energy-saving devices. Methodology. Two types of converters are widely used in automated DC electric drive systems: controlled thyristor rectifiers and pulse-width DC converters, the principle of operation of which is based on the key mode of operation of the regulating semiconductor, which periodically connects the source voltage to the output circuit. The paper presents a laboratory sample of a power semiconductor DC energy converter, which can ensure reliable motor operation in both motor and braking modes. Results. The presented transistor energy converter consists of two main parts: the first part performs the main role – control, and it includes a control unit, a microcontroller, and a device for displaying current information. The second part is a power module, which includes the necessary power supply modules, control drivers and power transistor switches of the converter. To obtain high quality transients of the electric drive system, the circuit is equipped with additional sensors of current, voltage and speed, which takes part in the formation of the control signal and in the protection systems against overvoltage and current jumps. Practical value. The paper substantiates the parameters of the components and proposes developed technical solutions for the construction of a microprocessor control system for a transistor DC energy converter. It is shown that in order to ensure a constant generator mode in automated electric drive systems, where the primary energy converter is an uncontrolled rectifier, it is expedient to install an energy discharge circuit in the DC link. References 18, figures 14.
COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR COMPENSATION FOR DAMAGE TO H-CELLS IN HIGH-VOLTAGE CASCADE FREQUENCY CONVERTERS
Authors:   National University “Odessa Maritime Academy”, Busher V. , Glazeva O. ,   National University “Odessa Maritime Academy”, Xin Du ,   Odessa Polytechnic State University
Published: January 2022

Purpose. The aim of this work is to find a method of controlling high-voltage frequency converters that would provide the smallest voltage drop on the motor, the least loads and oscillation of electromagnetic torque in an accident modes, and evaluate the effectiveness of pulse width modulation (PWM) methods with the injection of third harmonic and space-vector PWM in emergency modes. Methodology. We have applied the mathematical simulation of the electric drive “High voltage frequency converter with cascaded H-bridges – High power asynchronous machine” in Matlab/SimPowerSystem software for comparison of four PWM types – Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM), Balanced sinusoidal PWM (BSPWM), Balanced PWM with injected third harmonic (THPWM) and Space Vector PWM (SVPWM). Results. The method of balancing the line voltage minimizes shock loads during the transition from normal to emergency mode due to such a shift of the zero point and rotation of the phase vectors, in which the amplitude of the line voltage decreases to the minimum possible value, the spatial position of linear vectors remains unchanged. The conditions of optimal injection of the 3rd harmonic are found, which increases the efficiency of power supply use by 7… 30 % in comparison with symmetric sinusoidal PWM. But in some accidents (6-4-4, 4-3-2, 3-2-2) the 3rd harmonic is not effective. The method of balancing the space vectors provides the same conditions and increases the utilization of power supplies by 15.6 %, regardless of the number of damaged modules, which increases the amplitude of the 1st harmonic in case of accidents by 10 ... 26 % compared with sinusoidal PWM. Comparison of methods of space vector PWM (SVPWM), balancing of phase-to-phase voltage with the injection of the 3rd harmonic (THPWM) with sinusoidal PWM shows that SVPWM is the best method at damage of one or two modules and during normal work of the converter (except for the 3-3-2 configuration), ie in the most common cases. Originality. For the first time, a comparison of all methods of pulse-width modulation in emergency modes and the optimal method for each type of accident for 3-6-stage frequency converters is indicated. Practical value of the work is to provide the necessary mathematical apparatus for calculating signals using BSPWM, THPWM and SVPWM in emergency modes. References 17, table 1, figures 6.
Methodology Framework to Assess Regional Development Plans: A European Perspective Approach
Authors:   Democritus University of Thrace, Greece, Dimitriou Dimitrios J. , Sartzetaki Maria F. , Dadinidou Smaro
Published: January 2022

This paper reviews the European Funding Programs impact on regional and economic development. The case study focuses on “Eastern Macedonia & Thrace” (EMTH) Region, a region in the nation of Greece. EMTH Region boasts a number of comparative advantages related to its strategic location, bordering Bulgaria on the North and Turkey on the East. In addition, EMTH Region is one of the regions in Greece with the lowest GDP per capita. Moreover, is a region of great importance with great existing transport infrastructure, widespread network of industrial areas, academic-R&D infrastructure & dynamics and many opportunities in the renewable energy sources. The purpose of the paper is the evaluation of the European Union Funding programs, highlighting and supporting the main target of these funding programs to force and enable a sustainable social and economic growth to the poorest European neighborhoods in order to achieve the average European Union prosperity. The framework analysis of the paper is based on an ex-post evaluation framework of the Regional Operational Programs that Greece and the “EMTH Region, have participated since Greece's entry into the European Union. The case study focused on some large European Support Regional Programs as the Mediterranean Integrated Programs (IMPs, 1986-1993), the 1st Community Support Framework (CSF I) (1989-1993), the 2nd Community Support Framework (CSF II) (1994-1999), the 3rd Community Support Framework (CSF) (2000 -2006) as well as the National Strategic Reference Frameworks (NSRF) (2007-2013) and (2014-2020). Valuable conclusions were derived, mainly regarding the absorption of the programs in the EMTH Region and regional and economic development of the case study region features during this period.
Teachers’ Reading Comprehension and Use of Reading Strategies Levels: A Study on the Secondary School Teachers
Authors:   Pamukkale University, Turkey, Kanmaz Ahmet
Published: January 2022

As highlighted by international assessments, the reading comprehension levels of Turkish students are far from the desired level. In this sense, the competencies of teachers who play a vital role in promoting students' reading comprehension skills are of high importance. The expectation that teachers who have a long educational life will have a high level of reading comprehension skills is the central starting point for this study. Identifying the level of reading comprehension of teachers is crucially important in terms of revealing competency levels of teachers. In this study, a descriptive screening model, one of the quantitative research methods, was employed to identify teachers’ levels of reading comprehension and use of reading strategies. The universe of the research consists of teachers working in secondary schools in Denizli province. Stratified sampling, which is based on probability sampling, was used for the selection of the sample. The sample included a total of 418 teachers. The research findings indicate that the teachers' reading comprehension and use of reading strategies levels differ by the branch variable, and Turkish teachers exhibit better reading comprehension than other teachers since it is their field of study. In addition to that, it is seen that there is a positive and significant relationship between the level of use of reading strategies and the level of reading comprehension. Therefore, it is thought that an effective instruction of reading strategies will enable teachers of other branches to yield better performance.
Pregnancy outcomes in women with moderate and severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Yang Dong , Zhang Hao-Feng , Bao Zhao-Liang , Zhao He , Li Yan-Na , Zhang Jun
Published: January 2022

Background: Aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the degenerative heart lesions mainly resulting from congenital defects and rheumatic diseases. This study aimed to determine maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with moderate and severe AS. Methods: The clinical data of 26 pregnant women with AS treated between 2007 and 2019 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results: AS was diagnosed before pregnancy or after pregnancy in 16 (61.5%) and 10 (38.5%) patients, respectively. Except the peak velocity and mean pressure gradient, no significant difference in baseline cardiac parameters between the patients with moderate AS and severe/very severe AS, such as AS locations, previous heart failure symptoms, and heart function was seen. Heart failure and arrhythmia were complicated in 14 (53.8%) and 6 (23.1%) pregnancies, respectively. The rate of Caesarean deliveries was 85.7% in the patients with severe/very severe AS and 58.3% in the patients with moderate AS. There was no neonatal asphyxia or neonatal death in the cohort. Conclusions: The results of our study indicate the pre-conceptional evaluation and counseling should be performed in women with AS and those with symptomatic and severe AS are recommend to take cardiac surgery as appropriate before pregnancy.
The effects of cosmetic care on body image, social avoidance and distress in young Chinese breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
Authors: Hou Shengqun , Lu Zhenqi , Qiu Jiajia , Zhang Xiaoju , Huang Jialing , Li Yun , Fu Cuixia
Published: January 2022

Background: This study aimed to explore the effects of cosmetic care on body image (BI), and social avoidance and distress (SAD) in young Chinese breast cancer patients, aged 18–40 years old, receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: This was a 2-arm quasi-experimental study based on a single-center. A convenience sample of 76 hospitalized young female breast cancer patients, stage 0-III breast cancer diagnosis was recruited. The control group received usual care, while cosmetic care was added to the intervention group. The primary outcomes were BI and SAD accompanying chemotherapy, and the secondary outcome was the appearance satisfaction. It was registered at Clinical Trials.gov, no. NCT04733482. Results: There were significant differences in patients’ body image, and social avoidance and distress scores from the pre-discharge (T0) to at the end of the chemotherapy cycle (T2) between two groups (P < 0.05). However, the intervention did not significantly change the appearance satisfaction at T2 (P > 0.05). Logistic regression suggested there were no confounding demographic factors influencing the intervention. Conclusions: The present study indicated that cosmetic care improved BI and reduced SAD in young Chinese breast cancer patients during adjuvant chemotherapy. However, a randomized study should be undertaken to confirm our results.
Factors influencing parental pregnancy decision-making due to fetuses with non-syndromic orofacial clefts: a study of Chinese couples
Authors: Ding Huanhuan , Zheng Weizeng , Xu Xinfen , Li Baohua
Published: January 2022

Background: When a fetus is diagnosed with facial deformities, most Chinese couples choose to terminate the pregnancy. However, these couples commonly regret their decision after the termination of the pregnancy, display a heavier degree of grief, and these feelings persist for a long time. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that influence parental pregnancy decisions regarding fetuses diagnosed with a non-syndromic orofacial cleft (NSOFC), and to provide the preliminary basis for a formulation of interview outlines useful in further qualitative research in this area. Methods: We collected medical records of 400 couples from the obstetrical units of a women’s hospital in China whose fetuses were diagnosed with Orofacial clefts (OFCs) from January 2013 to July 2019. After excluding those records reporting chromosomal or other abnormalities, 311 cases were included in this study. After univariate analysis, factors that may have affected the parental pregnancy decision were analyzed using binary classification regression analysis. Results: Among the 311 couples, 71.7% (223/311) decided to terminate the pregnancy, whereas 28.3% (88/311) decided to continue. The registered residence, family history of NSOFC, maternal high-risk factors that may lead to the fetus suffering from NSOFC, maternal age, paternal age, doctor’s suggestion, prenatal diagnosis, and first diagnosed gestational week all influenced pregnancy decision makings (p < 0.05). Among these, the registered residence, family history of NSOFC, maternal high-risk factors, maternal age, prenatal diagnosis, and first diagnosed gestational week substantially affected the parental pregnancy decision. Discussion: The couples with registered residence in rural areas, no family history of NSOFC, no maternal high-risk factors, younger maternal age, younger gestational age at first diagnosis are at greater relative risk of pregnancy termination. Prenatal diagnosis is a protective factor.
Uterine artery chemoembolization for management of unruptured interstitial pregnancy diagnosed in the early first trimester
Authors: Takeda Akihiro , Iyoshi Shohei , Tamauchi Satoshi , Koike Wataru
Published: January 2022

Background: With the increased frequency of diagnosis of interstitial pregnancy in the early first trimester, non-surgical management of unruptured interstitial pregnancy has become an important issue. However, management of unruptured interstitial pregnancy by uterine artery chemoembolization (UACE) with dactinomycin has never been evaluated via a case series. Methods: With this aim, a retrospective review of electronic chart records over a five-year period was performed, and a series of cases of unruptured interstitial pregnancy during the first trimester was extracted. Diagnostic procedures included ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and laparoscopic examination, if necessary. Conservative treatment regimen included UACE. Additional administration of methotrexate (MTX) was considered when an insufficient decline of serum β-hCG was noted. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes are described. Results: Among four women diagnosed with unruptured interstitial pregnancy at six weeks of gestation, one case was managed by laparoscopic cornuostomy due to concerns of rupture after the identification of thinning of the myometrium, whereas the other three cases were initially managed by UACE. One case of proximal interstitial pregnancy was diagnosed solely by MRI, whereas two cases of distal interstitial pregnancy was diagnosed by exploratory laparoscopy. Two cases were successfully managed by UACE alone, whereas one case required additional systemic administration of MTX to achieve resolution of gestational products after UACE. Thereafter, one patient conceived spontaneously and experienced a successful vaginal birth. Conclusions: This small case series emphasizes that UACE is a feasible minimally invasive option for the management of unruptured interstitial pregnancy identified in the early first trimester.
The protective role of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in endoplasmic reticulum stress in RT4-D6P2T schwannoma sells with the S63del MPZ mutation
Authors: Sun Bo , Wang Hongfen , Li Yanran , He Zhengqing , Cui Fang , Yang Fei , Huang Xusheng
Published: January 2022

Background: Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) occurred in S63del mutant CMT1B mice model, and few drugs has been studied. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) can inhibit ERS. This study aimed at investigating the effect of MANF on ERS of RT4-D6P2T schwannoma cells with S63del MPZ Mutation. Methods: Experimental grouping: blank control group, blank control + MANF group, lentivirus group, lentivirus + MANF group, S63del MPZ group, S63del MPZ + MANF group. CCK8 and Annexin-FITC/PI were used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis. JC-1 was used to detect ΔΨm. MANF, GRP78 and CHOP mRNA and protein were detected by using RT-qPCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. ER-Tracker and mito-tracker were used to observe the morphology of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Results: Cell proliferation decreased (p < 0.001) and apoptosis increased (p < 0.001) in S63del MPZ group; cell proliferation increased (p = 0.005) and apoptosis decreased (p < 0.001) in S63del MPZ + MANF group. ΔΨm decreased (p < 0.001), MANF, GRP78, CHOP, ATF6, P-PERK/PERK, P-IRE1/IRE1, Bax and Caspase3 increased (p < 0.001) and Bcl2 decreased (p < 0.001) in S63del MPZ group. MANF, GRP78, CHOP, ATF6, P-PERK/PERK, P-IRE1/IRE1, Bax and Caspase3 decreased (p < 0.001) and Bcl2 increased (p < 0.001) in S63del MPZ group. Conclusions: ERS occurred in RT4-D6P2T cells with S63del MPZ mutation, and MANF exerted protective effect in RT4-D6P2T cells with S63del MPZ mutation.
Mechanism of psychoactive substance-induced cognitive disorders: does tau protein play a role?
Authors: Wang YuYe , Lv JiaCheng , He JiNing , Wen GeHua , Wu Xu
Published: January 2022

Psychoactive substances are a class of chemical substances which could cause public health threats. Cognitive disorders are a category of mental health disorders that primarily affect cognitive abilities. Tau protein could maintain neuronal cytoskeleton stabilization. Post-translational modification of tau, especially phosphorylation, is an important way to regulate the structure and function of tau and phosphorylated tau is closely related to cognitive function. Lots of studies have reported the phenomenon that psychoactive substances can cause cognitive function impairment. We reviewed recent related studies and discussed them by drug classification. We mainly focused on cognitive disorders caused by acute or chronic exposure of each drugs, animal experiments and the mechanisms associated with tau phosphorylation, then compared the similarities and differences among them, trying to find out the common rules. The results suggested that tau phosphorylation is involved in psychoactive substance-induced cognitive disorder and different psychoactive substances may act by affecting amount or activity of different kinases and phosphatases in the metabolic pathway of tau. We demonstrated that tau protein is a potential target for psychoactive substances induced cognitive disorder treatments.
Multipurpose plant species and circular economy: Corylus avellana L. as a study case
Authors: Allegrini Agnese , Salvaneschi Pietro , Schirone Bartolomeo , Cianfaglione Kevin , Di Michele Alessandro
Published: January 2022

Corylus avellana L. is one of the most cultivated species in the world. Mainly utilized with the purpose of obtaining food material, hazel trees cannot guarantee constant kernels productions given the threats related to pathogens and to adverse conditions, especially in a globalisation and global changes scenarios. This matter led us to consider the opportunity of using hazel tree in all its parts and for several purposes, due to its multifunctional characteristics. As a pioneer species, it is a precious plant useful for forest restoration purposes and for forest successions/wildlife facilitation. Its roots enter into symbiosis with truffles making this species exploitable for hazelnuts and truffles production. The precious elements contained in what is considered “waste” deriving from hazel crops (i.e., leaves, skins, shells, husks and pruning material), could be reused and valorised in the perspective of a circular economy that is opposed to a linear one. In particular, a list of several phenolic compounds detected in hazelnut shells has been reported in literature to prevent and delay many human diseases due to their antioxidant properties and to free radical scavenging activities, with implications potentially useful even in the fight against COVID-19. All this makes hazel crop by-products interesting to be valorised as a chemical compound source for human health, even more than a biomass fuel or for bio-char applications. The multiple possible uses of the hazel tree would lead to alternative productions than the only nut productions, avoiding significant economic losses, would decrease the cost of disposal of crops residues and would increase the sustainability of agro-ecosystems by reducing, among other things, the production of wastes and of greenhouse gases deriving from the usual burning of residues which often happens directly in fields.
Transformasi Anggaran Dana Bantuan Daerah Bawahan / Dana Transfer (Study Kasus Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung)
Authors: Adani Yan Megawandi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini mencoba menggali alasan penurunan dana bantuan daerah bawahan di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, serta melihat implikasi yang ditimbulkan. Hasil penelitian bantuan keuangan kepada daerah bawahan karena: dirasakan tidak adanya kewajiban pemerintah provinsi untuk memberikan bantuan; keterbatasan anggaran yang dimiliki; upaya untuk meningkatkan aspek kinerja pengelolaan APBD; dan aspek politis. Sedangkan implikasi pengurangan anggaran tersebut bagi pemerintah provinsi akan lebih menguntungkan dengan bertambahnya anggaran belanja langsung walaupun menemukan bahwa penyebab berkurangnya dana tidak terlalu significant jumlahnya, pelaksanaan kegiatan lebih tepat waktu dan keuntungan politis berupa citra positif. Sementara bagi kabupaten/kota lebih bersifat negative berupa berkurangnya sumber pendapatan, dan berkurangnya koordinasi dengan pemerintah provinsi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan penelitian deskriptif kualititatif. Data-data sekunder tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif yang dilengkapi dengan wawancara mendalam dengan nara sumber.Kata Kunci: Anggaran daerah; pengelolaan keuangan; pengaruh politik
Physical activity and gait efficiency in children with cerebral palsy
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Chmara Paweł , Jóźwiak Marek , Maćkowiak Mateusz
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Correct classification of cerebral palsy is essential for the effective treatment and rehabilitation of affected patients. The most common form of assessing a patient is determining his gross motor functions. For patients who can walk, a 6-minute walk test can be used to evaluate their gait. Aim. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of physical activity on the gait efficiency in children with cerebral palsy. Materials and methods. The study involved 17 children aged 12-16 years old at 2nd level in GMFCS. Two 6-minute walk tests and a 72-hour measurement of physical activity using the McRoberts Dynaport MoveMonitor were performed. Results. Statistical analysis indicates important influence of physical activity on gait efficiency measured by 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Statistically significant deviations were observed between the distance covered in the 6MWT by the respondents and the normative values. Conclusion. Children with cerebral palsy at 2nd level in GMFCS, have lower gait efficiency than healthy children in the corresponding age range. Increased physical activity has a statistically significant effect on the change of the gait efficiency determined in the 6-minute walk test.
Analysis of concerns among patients operated for carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland, Napora Justyna , Gryglewsk Krystian , Piotrowicz Miłosz , Nowicka-Sauer Katarzyna , Mazurek Tomasz
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Carpal tunnel release (CTR) is among the most commonly performed procedures within a hand, in a day surgery setting. Studies suggest that patient concerns and emotional state may influence CTR outcomes. Aim. To determine the frequency of preoperative concerns among patients operated for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and their correlation with negative emotions, socio-demographic and clinical variables. Materials and methods. A total of 72 patients (81.9% women) scheduled for CTR were included in the study. Pain, anxiety, irritability, and depression were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) on the day of surgery. Tailor-made questionnaires were used to explore patients’ concerns and to gather socio-demographic and clinical data. Statistical analysis was performed utilizing R language. α < 0.05 was considered significant. Results. At least one concern was declared by the vast majority of patients (93.1%). Postoperative pain was the most prevalent concern, declared by 49.3% of participants. “Outcomes will not meet my expectations” was a concern for 43.3% of participants. Concern related to intraoperative complications was declared by 34.3% of participants. Patients scheduled for CTR had high mean VAS scores of anxiety and irritability and low score of depression. Anxiety reached the highest level among measured variables. Patients who declared postoperative pain had statistically significantly higher levels of pain, anxiety, irritability, and depression than patients without this concern. Concern that surgery outcomes will not meet patient’s expectations was declared statistically significantly more frequently by patients with any surgery in history. Conclusions. Preoperative concerns among patients operated for carpal tunnel syndrome are extremely prevalent. Those concerns are accompanied by a high level of negative emotions. Therefore assessment of emotional status, addressing particular concerns, and tailored preoperative intervention, all are of crucial importance. A meticulous approach to postoperative pain and patients’ expectations regarding outcomes seem to be essential. The mentioned strategy may positively influence patients’ comfort and surgery outcomes.
Rare variant of Remkheld syndrome
Authors: Chepurnenko S. A. , Nasytko A. D. , Shavkuta G. V.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be accompanied by a triad of cardiac symptoms (arrhythmia, cardialgia, signs of autonomic dysfunction). This syndrome is called gastro-cardiac or Remheld syndrome. The most common rhythm disturbances in Remheld syndrome are atrial fibrillation, supraventricular extrasystole. In the clinical case we have described, a rare variant of Remheld’s syndrome is presented: paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia with GERD.

Description of the clinical case. Patient V., 48 years old, applied to a cardiologist on 21.04.21 with complaints of attacks of sudden palpitations, disturbing for six months. From the anamnesis it is known that since 2017 he has been suffering from GERD, he does not take drugs for stopping reflux attacks for 6 months, canceling it on his own. According to Holter ECG monitoring from 03/20/21, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia was revealed. According to echocardioscopy data from 04/26/21, no structural changes that could be the cause of this life-threatening rhythm disturbance were found. Video gastroscopy from 04/28/21: distal reflux esophagitis. Endoscopic signs of hiatal hernia. Lack of cardia 2 tbsp. Gastroesophageal prolapse. At the consultation with a gastroenterologist, the patient was prescribed both non-drug (lifestyle correction) and drug treatment: rabeprozole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin and others. In addition for the relief of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia—amiodarone, telmisartan.

Discussion. According to studies, one of the mechanisms of arrhythmia in GERD is associated with the excitation of the distal esophagus by refluctate with the development of viscero-visceral reflexes mediated through n. vagus. Increased activation of n. vagus creates an arrhythmogenic substrate for the re-entry mechanism, and thus increases the risk of arrhythmias. Antiarrhythmic therapy along with the treatment of GERD led to the elimination of VT paroxysms. Later, 2 months after the withdrawal of antiarrhythmic drugs against the background of ongoing GERD therapy, paroxysms of VT were not recorded. This was also a confirmation of the pathogenetic relationship between GERD and paroxysmal VT.

Conclusion. The case is of interest to the development of a life-threatening rhythm disturbance: paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia against the background of GERD, which is a very rare variant of Remkheld’s syndrome and is not found in the available literature.
Franz Sartori: Scholar, Journalist, and Censor
Authors:   Institute of Culture Studies and Theatre History of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Marinelli-König Gertraud
Published: January 2022

The subject of the paper in question is Franz Sartori (1782–1832), born in Styria. His career was spectacular inasmuch as he became the head of the Censorship Police Department in Vienna. After Napoleon had retreated from Vienna, Emperor Francis II (I) and Chancellor Prince Clemens Metternich launched a revision of the institution in 1811. Sartori excelled as author of travel books and treatises with a scholarly orientation in fields such as zoology and botany as well as speleology. He was soon invited to join the editorial boards of important periodicals in Vienna. Despite his duty as censor, he continued his career as a prolific writer and researcher. This paper dwells on his last publication, a history of all the literary cultures of the Habsburg monarchy. Sartoris intention was to show that Austria had a rich multilingual literary tradition. The second volume was to cover the history of literature in German in the Habsburg lands but was not finished owing to the author’s death. For the survey of Slavic literature, Sartori borrowed from P. J. Šaf.rik’s “History of the Slavic language and literature by all vernaculars” (1826). He was accused of plagiarism; this verdict undermined the importance of the book and damaged his reputation until today.
Almanac "Zora" as a Harbinger of a New Codification of the Slovak Literary Language
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lifanov Konstantin V.
Published: January 2022

This article examines the history of the creation of the “Society of Slovak Language and Literature Lovers” which existed in Buda and Pest from 1834 to 1850, as well as the language of the almanac Zora, which was the first publication that simultaneously printed texts in the Czech language and the Anton Bernolak literary language. The first two issues of this publication (1835, 1836) indicate the beginning of a rapprochement in the language of Catholics and Protestants, as shown by the active inclusion of elements of Central Slovak origin in the texts. At the same time, Michal Godra, the editor of the first two issues, even published language recommendations to the authors, which could be considered a pre-codification of the new Slovak literary language based on the Central Slovak dialect. Comparison of the language used by Protestant and Catholic authors shows that they used different strategies when the language was Slovakised. If the Protestants addressed the Central Slovak dialect directly, although preserving some Czech elements which were lost in Slovak writing, the Catholics mainly followed Bernolak’s codification using — in a number of cases — elements which were virtually absent in his literary language. The linguistic material of the almanac Zora reveals the reasons for Ludovit Št.r’s codification: the reformer based his system exclusively on the Northern idioms of the Central Slovak dialect, ignoring actual language use. Compromise between the Catholics and Protestants was reached in 1852, when the Slovak literary language was enriched by Central Slovak peculiarities characteristic of either Catholics or Protestants. All the elements of Central Slovak origin which were unused by either Protestants or Catholics, but were present in Štúr’s codification, were removed from the literary language.
Lajos Magyar et alia
Authors: Turok Vladimir M.
Published: January 2022

Vladimir M. Turok (1904–1981)—a Soviet historian and expert in contemporary history of Austria—worked at the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1961 to 1981. In his student years, he lived in Vienna and was acquainted with many activists of the Comintern. After returning to the USSR in 1926, he worked at the International Agrarian Institute, where he met with Hungarian political emigrants, including the future Hungarian prime-minister Imre Nagy. In 1973, in Budapest, Turok gave an extensive interview to the fellows of the Institute of Party History (in 1991 renamed the Institute of Political History), Katalin Petrák and Irén Ács-Andrásné, in which he spoke about the Hungarians whom he had had a chance to meet. The Institute’s archive funds contain typewritten transcripts of this interview, among which the text entitled Lajos Magyar et alia stands out separately and represents a draft of an unpublished article. In it, Vladimir Turok shared personal memories of the Hungarian political émigré and prominent Soviet Sinologist Lajos Magyar, and also talked about his work at the International Agrarian Institute, Krestintern (Peasant International), its employees, and the party purges of 1929. The text of the interview-article is adduced without abbreviations, while the spelling and punctuation are brought up to modern standards.
On the Genesis of Veteran Organisations in Austria in the First Half of the 1920s in the Context of the Official "Politics of Memory"
Authors:   Tambov State University named after G. R. Derzhavin, Mironov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2022

The veteran movement in the Habsburg monarchy, which was, in the last third of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the most important pillar of the political system, faced serious difficulties after the 1918 Revolution in Austria. Until the collapse of the ruling coalition of Social Democrats and Christian Socials in 1920, there were insurmountable obstacles to the revival of the “old Austrian” military traditions. Officers’ and veterans’ organizations were firmly associated in the eyes of leftist political forces with the legacy of the “old regime”. The gradual “rehabilitation” of the “old Austrian” military traditions was closely connected with the tenure of the Minister of War of Austria Carl Vaugoin, who sought to get rid of the influence of the Social Democrats on the armed forces. As a result, in 1921and 1922 the formation of new veteran organisations began, developing their activities against the background of competition between Social-Democratic, Christian-Social and pan-German narratives about the First World War in the public consciousness of the First Republic. Considering the typology of veteran associations, one should single out organisations that united veterans at the national (local) level, regardless of their place of service during the war, and veterans’ unions based on specific military units of Austria-Hungary. The latter, as contemporary research proves, played a leading role in the formation of the historical memory of the war. The main means of group self-identification was the feeling of “front-line comradeship”cultivated in the veteran unions, which was the highest value orientation of the former front-line soldiers who shared right-wing political views. The veteran supporters of Social Democrats resisted the constant appeal of the right to the “front-line comradeship”, allegedly smoothing out social contradictions within the army collective during the war. In veteran organisations, both “pure” and “mixed” forms of memory of the First World War were “confessed”. The latter were typical of the veterans of those regions of Austria that were affected by the territorial reorganisation in accordance with the Saint-Germain Peace Treaty of 1919.
Self-Identification of Don Cossacks and Austrian Grenzers in the Context of Government Policy of the 1860s in the Russian and Austrian Empires
Authors:   Lyceum of the Southern Federal University, Peretyatko Artem Yu.
Published: January 2022

The 1860s were marked by aggravation of national issues in the Austrian Military Frontier and in Russian Don Host. This paper undertakes an attempt to compare the processes that took place among the Don Cossacks and Austrian Grenzers at that time. The author shows that in both cases there were three variants of identity: state (as loyal servants of their emperor), corporate (as Cossacks/Grenzers), and national (as Russians/Croats/Serbs etc.). Historically, these identities complemented each other without being juxtaposed in direct contradiction; moreover the isolation of Cossacks and Grenzers, as well as their clear association with particular territory by the middle of the nineteenth century had already brought into their corporate identity traits of another, national, identity. However, by the 1860s, the economic problems of the Military Frontier and Don Host Oblast became so acute, that the issue of the abolishment of their special militarised status was discussed. In given circumstances, the imperial governments tried to establish dialogues with the Cossacks and Grenzers, which however led to unexpected consequences and greatly destabilised the situation. In fact, subsequently both at Don and at the Military Frontier a public struggle started between the proponents of convergence of local populace with their respected nations, and the people who considered that the Cossack/Grenzer estate status had to be preserved no matter the cost. As a result, by the 1870s the corporate identity of the Cossacks and Grenzers was increasingly becoming not an addition, but an alternative to their historical national identity, which created preconditions for the emergence of new political nations, although this did not occur.
Archival Legacy of Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and the National States
Authors:   Institute of History of the Research Centre for the Humanities of the Eötwös Loránd Research Network, Ress Imre
Published: January 2022

The article examines the consequences of the processes of disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and of making of national states for the archival heritage of the multiethnic empire of the Habsburgs. It is based on the provisions of the Saint-Germain and Trianon peace treaties concluded in 1919 and 1920 at Versailles concerning the intellectual and cultural heritage, as well as archival and published sources from Vienna and Budapest relating to the order of execution of these provisions. The victorious successor states that strove to divide the organically created archival heritage of the Monarchy and the funds of the Hungarian National Archives according to the territorial approach and ethnic principal, in order to satisfy the needs of national historiographies which needed additional resources for legitimisation of their independent statehoods. Both treaties provided for the application of the principle of provenance for the provision of archival services (or the transfer of documents), which were considered national intellectual property, but they did not provide a substantive explanation of these terms. Thus, this general regulation did not provide a solid legal basis for bilateral negotiations, so they were largely dependent on the balance of political power and economic considerations. From a historical perspective, the archival convention between Austria and Hungary turned out to be the most effective from a professional point of view, since in it the concept of national intellectual property, vaguely formulated in peace treaties, was not exclusively tied to the territory of a national state. In Austro-Hungarian relations, mutual recognition and use of the principle of common intellectual property allowed for cultural and academic interest in archival material outside its own territory, and at the same time guaranteed unrestricted access to information and the ability to influence the professional processing of archival material. The principles of the Baden Convention of 1926, progressive for their time, and the very adherence to its spirit, triumphed in international archival theory and practice in the 1960s as one of the possible models for resolving interstate archival disputes.
Problems and pressure points in Hungarian-Romanian relations in the context of a “change of systems” and subsequent post-communist development
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Stykalin Aleksandr S.
Published: January 2022

In the constitution adopted after the fall of the Ceauşescu regime, Romania was declared a unitary nation-state, which was an obstacle to granting autonomy to two counties of Eastern Transylvania where ethnic Hungarians make up the vast majority of the population. Nevertheless, this issue continues to be part of the political life of Romania, periodically increasing the tension in relations between Bucharest not only with the Hungarian parties of Romania, but also with the Hungarian government that supports these parties. The fundamental differences in approach to the problem of the status of the Hungarian minority in Transylvania did not, however, become an obstacle to the progressive development of mutually beneficial bilateral cooperation between the two neighboring countries. Owing to the fact that the Hungarian national consciousness continues to perceive the loss of Transylvania as painful, “wars” of historical memory flare up from time to time between Romania and Hungary. However, pragmatic considerations, and, above all, mutual interest in economic cooperation, contribute to overcoming any conflicts that emerge.
Turkey’s policy in the Balkans in the light of transformations in South-Eastern Europe in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mamedov Ilgar M.
Published: January 2022

Europe in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries (Ilgar M. Mamedov) Concern for the political and cultural rights of the Muslim and Turkish population of the Balkans became the main reason for Turkish involvement in the region in the 1990s. Turkey secured its presence in the Balkans mainly within and through NATO. However, Turkey also took independent steps. The main means of Turkey's policy included condemnation of violence, calls for dialogue, peace initiatives, humanitarian actions, and participation in peacekeeping operations.
The phenomenon of Visegrad Interaction in the context of Central European transformation
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shishelina Liubov N.
Published: January 2022

In this chapter, the author analyzes the evolution of the Central European / Visegrad idea, its role in the formation of an intellectual opposition, the implementation of reforms, and the current authority of the Visegrad Group within the European Union and beyond. Three decades after the “Velvet” revolutions, the Visegrad Group has proven itself the most successful project of Central European transformation. An important role in this was played by the almost complete mutual understanding between the politicians behind the first wave of transformations, who were leading Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic at the most important stages of the formation of the Visegrad Group. The European Union's road map for transformation has also contributed to this. The Visegrad Group, while not without problems, has fulfilled its historical mission. It has managed to realise the centuries-long dream of the region: it has brought to life the myth of an equal and just Central Europe.
Budapest and Brussels’ migration policy (2014–2019)
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhelitski Bela Y.
Published: January 2022

Following a brief description of the unprecedented waves of migration flowing into Europe from the Middle East and Africa, the author analyses the migration policy of the European Union and Hungary's attitude towards this policy between 2014 and 2019. The study centers on the positions, views, and specific actions of the leadership of the European Commission and the political class of Hungary, as well as the relations between them. The main approaches of the parties towards solving the problems of the migration crisis and the differences between them on key issues of migration policy, which at times turned into confrontations between Budapest and Brussels, are shown. Particular attention is given to the circumstances that led to the EU migration crisis.