bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytokine induced inflammatory bowel disease model using organ-on-a-chip technology
Authors: Tataru Christine , Livni Maya , Marean-Reardon Carrie , Franco Maria Clara , David Maude
Published: December 2023

Over 2 million people in North America suffer from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic and idiopathic inflammatory condition. While previous research has primarily focused on studying immune cells as a cause and therapeutic target for IBD, recent findings suggest that non-immune cells may also play a crucial role in mediating cytokine and chemokine signaling, and therefore IBD symptoms. In this study, we developed an organ-on-a-chip co-culture model of Caco2 epithelial and HUVEC endothelial cells and induced inflammation using pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ. We tested different concentration ranges and delivery orientations (apical vs. basal) to develop a consistently inducible inflammatory response model. We then measured pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL-10, as well as epithelial barrier integrity. Our results indicate that this model 1. induces IBD-like cytokine secretion in non-immune cells and 2. decreases barrier integrity, making it a feasible and reliable model to test the direct actions of potential anti-inflammatory therapeutics on epithelial and endothelial cells.
Exploring sensory, motor, and pain responses as potential side or therapeutic effects of sub-2 mA, 400 Hz transcranial pulsed current stimulation
Authors: Jaberzadeh Shapour , Zoghi Maryam
Published: December 2023

Background

Various brain stimulation devices capable of generating high-frequency currents are readily available. However, our comprehension of the potential side or therapeutic effects associated with high-frequency transcranial pulsed current stimulation (tPCS), particularly concerning the new 400 Hz tPCS device, AscenZ-IV Stimulator, developed by AscenZion Neuromodulation Co. Pte. Ltd. in Singapore, remains incomplete.

Objective

This study examines preliminary parameters for the safe and comfortable application of 400 Hz tPCS at intensities below 2 mA.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, 45 healthy participants underwent sub-2 mA 400 Hz tPCS to assess sensory, motor, and pain thresholds on the dominant side. Study 1 (N = 15) targeted the primary motor cortex of the right-hand area, while study 2 (N = 30) focused on the back of the right forearm.

Results

Study one showed that increasing the current intensity gradually resulted in no responses at sub-0.3 mA levels, but higher intensities (p < 0.001) induced sensory perception and pain responses. Study two replicated these findings and additionally induced motor responses along with the sensory and pain responses.

Conclusion

Despite the theoretical classification of tPCS as a subsensory level of stimulation, and the expectation that individuals receiving this type of current should not typically feel its application on the body, this high-frequency tPCS device generates different levels of stimulation due to the physiological phenomenon known as temporal summation. These novel levels of stimulation could be viewed as either potential “side-effects” of high frequency tPCS or as additional “therapeutic benefits”. This dual capacity may position the device as one that generates both neuromodulatory and neurostimulatory currents. Comprehensive comprehension of this is vital for the development of therapeutic protocols that incorporate high-frequency tPCS.
Use of a humanoid robot for auditory psychophysical testing
Authors: Meyer Luke , Rachman Laura , Araiza-Illan Gloria , Gaudrain Etienne , Başkent Deniz
Published: December 2023

Tasks in psychophysical tests can at times be repetitive and cause individuals to lose engagement during the test. To facilitate engagement, we propose the use of a humanoid NAO robot, named Sam, as an alternative interface for conducting psychophysical tests. Specifically, we aim to evaluate the performance of Sam as an auditory testing interface, given its potential limitations and technical differences, in comparison to the current laptop interface. We examine the results and durations of two voice perception tests, voice cue sensitivity and voice gender categorisation, obtained from both the conventionally used laptop interface and Sam. Both tests investigate the perception and use of two speaker-specific voice cues, fundamental frequency (F0) and vocal tract length (VTL), important for characterising voice gender. Responses are logged on the laptop using a connected mouse, and on Sam using the tactile sensors. Comparison of test results from both interfaces shows functional similarity between the interfaces and replicates findings from previous studies with similar tests. Comparison of test durations shows longer testing times with Sam, primarily due to longer processing times in comparison to the laptop, as well as other design limitations due to the implementation of the test on the robot. Despite the inherent constraints of the NAO robot, such as in sound quality, relatively long processing and testing times, and different methods of response logging, the NAO interface appears to facilitate collecting similar data to the current laptop interface, confirming its potential as an alternative psychophysical test interface for auditory perception tests.
Carbon opportunity cost increases carbon footprint advantage of grain-finished beef
Authors: Blaustein-Rejto Daniel , Soltis Nicole , Blomqvist Linus
Published: December 2023

Beef production accounts for the largest share of global livestock greenhouse gas emissions and is an important target for climate mitigation efforts. Most life-cycle assessments comparing the carbon footprint of beef production systems have been limited to production emissions. None also consider potential carbon sequestration due to grazing and alternate uses of land used for production. We assess the carbon footprint of 100 beef production systems in 16 countries, including production emissions, soil carbon sequestration from grazing, and carbon opportunity cost—the potential carbon sequestration that could occur on land if it were not used for production. We conduct a pairwise comparison of pasture-finished operations in which cattle almost exclusively consume grasses and forage, and grain-finished operations in which cattle are first grazed and then fed a grain-based diet. We find that pasture-finished operations have 20% higher production emissions and 42% higher carbon footprint than grain-finished systems. We also find that more land-intensive operations generally have higher carbon footprints. Regression analysis indicates that a 10% increase in land-use intensity is associated with a 4.8% increase in production emissions, but a 9.0% increase in carbon footprint, including production emissions, soil carbon sequestration and carbon opportunity cost. The carbon opportunity cost of operations was, on average, 130% larger than production emissions. These results point to the importance of accounting for carbon opportunity cost in assessing the sustainability of beef production systems and developing climate mitigation strategies.
Caries prevalence and other dental pathological conditions in Vikings from Varnhem, Sweden
Authors: Bertilsson Carolina , Vretemark Maria , Lund Henrik , Lingström Peter
Published: December 2023

In a late Swedish Viking Age population dating from around 10th-12th century AD, the prevalence, distribution and location of dental caries were studied. Tooth wear, other dental pathology and anatomical variations were identified and recorded clinically and radiographically. A total of 3293 teeth were analyzed from 171 individuals with complete and partial dentitions, of which 133 were permanent and 38 deciduous/mixed dentition. The dentitions were studied clinically, using a dental probe under a strong light source, and radiographs were taken for 18 of the individuals to verify and complement the clinical caries registration. Almost half the population, 83 of 171 individuals (49%), had at least one carious lesion. All individuals with deciduous or mixed dentitions were caries-free. The number of teeth affected by caries among adults was 424 (13%) and the surface most susceptible to caries was the root surface. The tooth most commonly affected by caries was the first mandibular molar. Other findings included apical infections, which were detected clinically in 4% of the teeth, and one case of filed front teeth. The findings gave a unique understanding of life and death in this early Christian Viking community and indicated that it was common to suffer from dental caries, tooth loss, infections of dental origin and tooth pain. These Vikings also manipulated their teeth through filing, tooth picking and other occupational behaviors.
Co-production for the integration of migrant human capital into the decent work
Authors: Schmitt Valentina Gomes Haensel , Olter-Castillo Agnieszka Ewa , Cequea Mirza Marvel , Chayña Helder Huaranga
Published: December 2023

During the last few years, the mass exodus of Venezuelan citizens to other countries has turned Venezuela into an emigration country, with Peru receiving the second-highest number of migrants. This article explains the co-production process of integrating Venezuelan migrants and refugees into the host society under decent work conditions. This is a qualitative, cross-sectional explanatory case study covering the second half of 2022. It shows that within the co-production effort, civil society organisations entail a role in creating collective mechanisms and spaces to enable communication and information, helping to identify existing problems and vulnerabilities, and finding alternatives to mitigate them. Additionally, in the process of integrating migrants’ human capital under the decent work condition there is the relevance of migrant-based civil society organisations, due to the fact that they can enhance trust and the quality of the interaction and dialogue with the beneficiary public, identify their specific needs and potential solutions and, therefore, increase the quality and efficiency of the services provided.
Flickers of singularity: Ryman and Rauschenberg paint the diremption
Authors: Christian Hannah E.
Published: December 2023

Although Reiner Schürmann describes and explicates the Greek, Latin and modern hegemonic phantasms through various linguistic and temporal conceptualizations, I argue that the white paintings of Robert Ryman and Robert Rauschenberg avoid the main fissure of self-consciousness that characterizes the phantasm of their time period and leap forward into the diremption. This is made possible through the realization of the limits of language, its relationality and its relationship to painting. Through an examination of Ryman’s body of work and Rauschenberg’s experimentation with White Paintings, I argue that it is possible to leap into a singularity and recognize its moment of diremption through perceptive experience rather than conceptualizing it through linguistic means.
Is it possible to be an artist–philosopher? The delightful in desire: William Blake and energetic thinking
Authors: Daichendt Rachel
Published: December 2023

In an examination of defining and confirming the artist–philosopher, I argue that one path of affirmation lies in the construct of desire as interpreted through William Blake’s Marriage of Heaven and Hell. Desire and energy become the main points of interest, fusing these concepts as conditions in relating thinking and art to new ideas. Using artist Dean Fox as an example, I stretch the artwork in an unexpected way, attempting to fuse the classical with the contemporary. Ultimately, I posit the movement or energy in (Blake’s) desire offers an unknown that is presented through art contemplation.
Taxonomic independence of the Siberian species Elymus lenensis (Poaceae) according to the GBSS1 (waxy) nuclear gene sequencing data
Authors: Agafonov A. V. , Shabanova (Kobozeva) Ye. V. , Andreychuk D. D.
Published: December 2023

In recent decades, contradictions between taxonomic and phylogenetic models in the systematics of vascular plants have clearly manifested themselves. To date, there are many species that have not been studied in culture and experiment or known only from herbarium specimens. The genus Elymus is the largest genus in the tribe Triticeae, declared a tertiary gene pool (GP-3) in relation to the main cereals. However, the genus contains many problematic species with unclear origins and relationships. One of these species is E. lenensis, described from the basin of the Lena River. The ambiguity of species descriptions made by different authors for the Siberian and Far Eastern regions is shown. The results of the analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the low-copy nuclear gene GBSS1 (waxy) in seven natural accessions similar in morphology to E. lenensis are presented. A dendrogram constructed using the “maximum likelihood” method is shown. A feature of all accessions close to E. lenensis is the presence of only St2 clones of the St subgenome, which are more related to the North American ancestral line of Pseudoroegneria spicata than to the Asian line descended from P strigosa (clones of the St2 subgenome). The general level of specificity of the GBSS1 gene sequences in comparison with the reference species is consistent with the conclusion about the existence of an independent species E. lenensis, especially considering the distance between accession locations.
New data on chromosome numbers of aquatic of Yakutia
Authors: Vinogradova J. S. , Konotop N. K. , Chemeris E. V.
Published: December 2023

Chromosome count data (2n) for 6 species of aquatic and semi-aquatic species from 11 localities are given: Callitriche hermaphroditica 2n = 6, Hippuris vulgaris 2n = 32, Potamogeton berchtoldii 2n = 26, Ranunculus subrigidus 2n = 16, R. trichophyllus 2n = 32, Sagittaria natans 2n = 22. For counting, both materials fixed in the field and seedlings grown in laboratory conditions (species of Ranunculus, section Batrachium) were used. The optimal fixation time for seedlings of Ranunculus spp. for counting the number of chromosomes is 9-10 a.m. The numbers of chromosomes for Potamogeton berchtoldii and Sagittaria natans were found for the first time in Yakutia.
The influence of environmental factors on the composition of the petrophytic-steppe communities in the south of the Sverdlovsk and in the north of the Chelyabinsk regions
Authors: Demin A. D. , Sozina P. S. , Teptina A. Yu.
Published: December 2023

The investigated petrophytic-steppe communities of the Middle Urals do not belong to the zonal vegetation type. Their growth in the region is associated with an unusual combination of environmental conditions - well-drained, well-heated rocky riverbank slopes of the southern and close exposures of slopes. The aim of the work was to identify the key environmental parameters that determine the composition and structure of petrophytic-steppe communities in the south of the Sverdlovsk and north of the Chelyabinsk regions. The communities of the coastal slopes of the Iset, Bagaryak, Patrushikha, Sysert and Neiva rivers were studied. An array of 74 geobotanical releves of communities from 8 plots was collected, considering environmental factors, and the composition and structure of plant communities on plots of 1 m2 were also detailed. Using the CCA method of ordination, the contribution of environmental parameters to the variation in vegetation cover characteristics was estimated. It was shown that the parameters characterizing the type of rocks, as well as indicators of the amount of precipitation, have the greatest contribution. Four variants of combination of species in the studied communities, gravitating to certain sets of environmental parameters, were identified, for each of the groups a stable composition of dominant species was noted, and species characterized by a high level of constancy were identified.
Development of CAPS-markers for studying plastid loci polymorphism in Rubus L. subgenus Idaeobathus Focke
Authors: Kamnev A. M. , Antonova O. Yu. , Chukhina I. G.
Published: December 2023

Genus Rubus L. including subgenus Idaeobathus Focke (raspberry) has difficult structure. Studying this subgenus researchers have special interest to West Siberia and especially Altai region because two species R. idaeus L. and R. sachalinensis H. Lev. grow together on this territory. Usually in phylogenetic research chloroplast DNA loci are studied. This article describes the attempt to develop relevant plastid CAPS-markers for studying raspberry genetic diversity. Nine markers that revealed polymorphism among raspberry cultivars have been developed. However, the sample of R. idaeus and R. sachalinensis herbarium specimens from Altai Krai and Republic of Altai showed that all of them are monomorphic aside from two combinations “primers/restrictase” indicated intraspecies polymorphism within R. sachalinensis. In addition, two potential markers able to differentiate R. idaeus and R. sachalinensis without using restrictases are detected. Further research devoted to creating markers for revealing plastid loci polymorphism will continue.
Methods of phytocenology in ethnobotanical research
Authors: Naidanov B. B.
Published: December 2023

The paper touches upon some practical aspects of determining the type of plant community. The logical course of establishing the syntaxonomic affiliation is described. It is shown that the reliability of the experimental results depends on the quality of the source material. The Center of Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs of IMBT stores herbarium material collected during a dialectological expedition in 1957 in the Dzhidinsky and Mukhorshibirsky districts of Buryatia. For experimental determination of vegetation, herbarium collections from the Dzhida region, represented by 30 sheets, were used. As a result of the determination, 26 species of higher vascular plants belonging to 26 genera and 13 families were identified. In the course of testing species for syntaxon diagnoses, it was found that most of the species we identified were distributed within the syntaxa of the class Cleistogenetea squarrosae. These are steppe plant communities. Using cartographic material, it is possible to establish a search/study area within administrative boundaries. Further narrowing the search area (the size of the territory), and clarifying the geography of syntaxa according to the localities of the descriptions, makes it possible to exclude or include in the analysis those syntaxa that with a high probability may end up in a given territory.
About two important paradigms of modern geobotany: supracenotic organization and phylocenogenesis
Authors: Namzalov B-Ts. B.
Published: December 2023

In the 20th century, many brilliant personalities enriched not only domestic, but also world science, including V N. Sukachev, E. M. Lavrenko, V B. Sochava. In general, paradigms are important in the development of science as examples of problem posing models or new approaches to the implementation of ideas. The paradigm of the spatial organization of phytosystems from the standpoint of a universal scientific approach is affirmed in the triad of the process of cognition: see - describe - explain. It reflects the concept of the spatial-structural approach in geobotany. To the question - why, the meaning of the explanatory paradigm of the process of cognition is focused. As an example, the results of our studies of the vegetation of the upland terraces of the Altai Mountains. Based on the analysis of their most important features of the structure and modes of operation, a schematic diagram of the types of interaction of elements of the terraced slope was created, which made it possible to reach a forecast in the dynamics of their development. The paradigm of adaptive morphogenesis of plants in ecosystems, landscape and topolithogenic spheres is expressed in the triad of relationships: the center of ore genesis - geochemical anomaly - adaptive morphogenesis. This is the basis of the biogeochemical conditionality of florogenesis, which means the prospects for research into the latest foci of speciation -the formation of endemic species and communities of vegetation. Thus, we established selective accumulation of gold (Au) by fruticose lichens in the communities of taiga larch forests of the Ilchir tract in the foothills of the Kitoi bald mountains (Eastern Sayan). The selective accumulation of elements in phytocenoses indicates the biogeochemical conditionality of florogenesis. An endemic cryophyte-steppe association with Festuca komarovii Krivot. is described. Phylocenogenesis as a process of adaptive morphogenesis of biosystems is the growth point of geobotany, and its result - speciation and cenogenesis are realized in complex geobotanical studies.
Identification of Lamiaceae species in the flora of Uzbekistan using DNA markers
Authors: Nikitina E. V. , Savina N. V.
Published: December 2023

The flora of Uzbekistan is characterized by a high diversity of Lamiaceae and has about 240 species belonging to 40 genera. 30 species of the family Lamiaceae are listed in the Red Book. Rare species require regular monitoring and comprehensive study, both by classical methods and by methods of molecular genetic analysis. This study is aimed at assessment the species diversity of the flora of Uzbekistan using DNA markers. The material for the research was the species of the family Lamiaceae growing on the territory of Uzbekistan. Species identification was performed using two-four-locus combinations of DNA markers (ITS, rbcL, trnL-trnF, matK, psbA-trnH). 76 consensus nucleotide sequences of the ITS region are used for molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family. The phylogenetic relationships of 26 genera grouped into four subfamilies: Nepetoideae, Lamioideae, Scutellarioideae, Ajugoideae are presented based on nucleotide variability.
Molecular phylogenetic studies of some species of the genera Campanula and Mzymtella (Campanulaceae)
Authors: Ogandzhanyan A. A.
Published: December 2023

A molecular phylogenetic study of some species of the Campanulaceae family has been carried out using marker sequences of the ITS1 gene 5.8S rDNA-ITS2. The results of Sanger sequencing revealed a separate clade of some species with a large level of differences among themselves. For Mzymtella sclerophylla Kolak., the presence of a unique ribotype was shown.
Alien species of vascular plants of Taimyr
Authors: Pospelova E. B. , Pospelov I. N.
Published: December 2023

The features of alien plant species distribution in Taimyr district of Krasnoyarsk region are characterized. Totally, 54 alien plant species (5.5 % of the district’s flora) were found in the area, 27 of them were observed by the authors more than once or found in the region for the first time. The general features of the distribution, occurrence and timing of these species are given. For row of species, methods of introduction and assessment of population dynamics (emergence and extinction) are considered. It has been noted that a large part of noted imported species populations are very short-lived (1-2 years, rarely more). It is also discussed whether certain species are alien or natural. A relatively new group of introduced species - those spreading from culture (mainly from lawn mixtures) - has been identified that requires a separate special study. The likelihood of significant introductions of alien species into natural ecosystems, based on available observations, is assessed as low. As a rule, introduced plant species appear only in the early stages of post-anthropogenic succession or under constant influence of technogenic factors, later they are still superseded by the native pioneer erosiophilic species. Nevertheless, the need to monitor the invasion of alien species and the dynamics of their populations remains relevant as a general element in the dynamics of the composition of the Arctic flora.
Molecular cytogenetics of four species of Calendula (Asteraceae)
Authors: Samatadze T. E. , Yurkevich O. Yu. , Khazieva F. M. , Savchenko O. M. , Basalaeva I. V. , Amosova A. V. , Muravenko O. V.
Published: December 2023

For the first time, a comparative molecular cytogenetic study of four species of Calendula L. (Asteraceae): C. officinalis, C. stellata, C. tripterocarpa, and C. arvensis was carried out. In each species, chromosome numbers were determined: C. stellata (2n = 2х = 14), C. officinalis (2n = 4x = 32), C. tripterocarpa (2n = 2x = 30), and C. arvensis (2n = 4x = 44), and also specific chromosome localization of 45S and 5S rDNA clusters was revealed with the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization. An additional polymorphic minor 45S rDNA hybridization signal was found in the C. officinalis karyotype, which was located median in the short arm of one chromosome. The patterns of chromosome distribution of the major sites of 45S and 5S rDNA in karyotypes of the studied species confirmed the hybrid origin of C. arvensis (2n = 4x = 44) which could be a result of the introgressive hybridization of two other species: C. stellata (2n = 2x = 14) and C. tripterocarpa (2n = 2x = 30) during speciation.
Taxonomic diversity and structure of phytoplankton of the Polui River (tributary of the Ob River)
Authors: Semenova L. A.
Published: December 2023

The study of the Polui River algoflora are resulted. A total of 249 taxa of species and subspecies ranks from 86 genera, 52 families and 8 divisions were identified: Cyanoprokariota, Chrysophyta, Bacillariophyta, Xanthophyta, Cryptophyta, Dinophyta, Euglenophyta, Chlorophyta. For the first time, a systematic list of algae is given, indicating the habitat, saprobicity and geographical distribution of species. The most diverse in the number of families, genera and species are the divisions Chlorophyta (41 % of the total number of taxa) and Bacillariophyta (34 %), as well as Cyanoprokariota (10 %) and Euglenophyta (9 %). Other divisions are not numerous in composition (6 %). Ten genera are leading, and 4 of them are from the Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta divisions, 2 genera are from the Euglenophyta. Planktonic species with the presence of benthic forms, beta-mesosaprobes and cosmopolitan species predominate. Discovered cryptomonads in the modern period indicate eutrophication.
To the study of the features of the heavy metals deposition in the mosses of the Samara region
Authors: Soskina D. V. , Bogdanova Ya. A. , Prokhorova N. V.
Published: December 2023

The features of the deposition of heavy metals by mosses from the atmosphere in the identified background area (Krasnosamarsky forest) for the Samara region were studied. Pleurozium schreberi showed the highest metal accumulating capacity, Brachythecium salebrosum - average, Dicranum polysetum - the lowest. Climacium dendroides showed high species specificity in the accumulation of heavy metals among the studied species, which may be related to its water regime. A comparative analysis of the chemical “fingerprint” of the average content of heavy metals for the mosses of the Krasnosamarsky forest area according to to Markert revealed a negative deviation from the average content of heavy metals in the bryophytes of the Samara region, which meant that there were no atmospheric sources of heavy metal pollution in the study area. Mosses growing in the Krasnosamarksky forest can be used as reference species for the region. The revealed increased level of accumulation of a number of elements (Cr, V, Co, Ni, As, Fe, Zn) demonstrated the biogeochemical features of the Samara region in comparison with the reference moss species Pleurozium schreberi in Western Europe. This also indicates the need to use indicators of species growing in the region as reference values.
Vital structure of cenopopulations of Iris sibirica (Iridaceae) in floodplain meadows of the Vyatka River and its tributaries
Authors: Suleimanova V. N. , Egorova N. Yu.
Published: December 2023

The paper presents the results of assessing the vital structure of Iris sibirica L. in the conditions of floodplain meadows of the Vyatka River and its tributaries (Kirov region). The total projective coverage of plant communities with I. sibirica varies from 55 to 100 %, the total number of taxa from 35 to 50. Evaluation of the vital structure showed that most of the studied I. sibirica CP are characterized as thriving. These CP have a high quality index (up to 50 %), the predominance of individuals of the highest (up to 52 %) and the absence of individuals of the lowest class of vitality. The CP is depressive with a predominance of individuals of the lowest (up to 50 %) and equilibrium with a predominance of individuals of the middle class of vitality (up to 66.7 %).
On aquatic macrophytes in the ultracontinental climate conditions of the Upper Indigirka River
Authors: Chemeris E. V. , Filippova V. A. , Konotop N. K. , Bobrov A. A.
Published: December 2023

The first results of the study of aquatic macrophytes of the Upper Indigirka River area are presented. The species composition includes ~84 species (~74 vascular plants and more than 10 cryptogamous macrophytes). 47 water bodies of different age, size and origin (tectonic, glacial, river, thermokarst and artificial) were studied. For each type of water bodies, the main ecological characteristics, features of the species composition and vegetation cover are given. The most common type of water bodies of the territory is thermokarst, and the greatest floristic diversity (54 species of macrophytes) is found here. There are 40 species in tectonic lakes, 37 - in rivers lakes, 35 - in glacial lakes, the lowest diversity was for small artificial waterbodies. For the Oimyakon District, new records of protected species are reported: macroalga Tolypella canadensis, vascular plants Isoetes echinospora, Nuphar pumila, Nymphaea tetragona (common and its rare pink-flowered form) and Subularia aquatica. Possible consequences for aquatic ecosystems while maintaining current trends in climate change (increase in average annual temperature, shift to earlier periods of spring warmth, changes in the amount and distribution of precipitation, depth of seasonal thawing of soils) leading to degradation of permafrost and their impact on the biodiversity of aquatic macrophytes in the region are discussed. The most vulnerable aquatic ecosystems of the Oimyakon Highlands are the mature thermokarst lakes.
Desmid algae of some water reservoirs in the upper part of the Pyshma river basin, Russia
Authors: Shakhmatov A. S
Published: December 2023

The study of floristic composition of desmid algae (Desmidiales) has been undertaken in previously unexplored water bodies (Lake Chernobrovskoye, Mokhovoye fen, Chayach’ye fen, Shishevskoye fen, a pond on the Loginovka River), located in the upper part of the Pyshma River basin on the territory of the Middle Urals eastern macroslope. Ten species belonging to the genera Closterium (Cl. acerosum, Cl. cornu, Cl. leibleinii, Cl. moniliferum, Cl. rostratum, Cl. sublaterale), Cosmarium (C. obtusatum, C. punctulatum) and Staurastrum (S. polymorphum, S. striatum) were recorded. Based on the analysis of habitat preferences and seasonal dynamics of Desmidiales, it was assumed that eutrophication due to the runoff into water bodies from agricultural lands along river banks is a reason for the low species diversity. The oligo-mesotrophic species (Closterium cornu) recorded in Chayach’ye fen is possibly extant since a less eutrophicated stage. The discovery of 3 new species for the eastern macroslope of the Middle Urals (Closterium sublaterale, Cosmarium obtusatum, Staurastrum striatum) indicates a poor knowledge of the region from a phycofloristic point of view.
Taxonomic composition and abundance of phytoplankton in the floodplain reservoirs of the Upper Ob (near the city of Barnaul)
Authors: Shirinina M. K. , Mitrofanova E. Yu. , Kotovshchikov A. V.
Published: December 2023

The data on taxonomic composition of phytoplankton in floodplain reservoirs of various types (chute, oxbow and oxbow lake) of the Upper Ob served as an subject of the present study. The total taxonomic diversity amounted to 78 taxa (genus definition) belonging to 7 divisions: Bacillariophyta - 24 genera, Chlorophyta - 27, Ochrophyta - 11, Cyanobacteria - 8, Dinophyta - 4, Euglenophyta - 3 and Cryptophyta - 1 genus. Diatoms dominate in the number of taxa in the chute presented by the Bacillariophyta division; in oxbow and oxbow lake representatives of the greens, division Chlorophyta. There is the highest frequency of occurrence of large taxa: in the chute - diatoms 83.3 % and green - about 58.3 %; in the oxbow - single-celled golden - 91.9 %, green - 82.0 % and diatoms - 72.7 %; in the oxbow lake - golden -82.0 % and diatoms - 54.5 %. The maximum phytoplankton biomass values were detected in the lake in spring at the end of April - 4551.6 mg/m3, while in the chute the maximum for this indicator was reached only in mid-June - 673.1 mg m3. For the oxbow, the top of phytoplankton biomass was noted in early June - 1947.8 mg/m3 and in the end of July - 1807.0 mg m3. According to the biomass level of phytoplankton, lake and oxbow belong to mesotrophic reservoirs (up to 1.0 - 5.0 g/m3), the chute - oligotrophic (up to 1.0 g/m3).
Effect of heat-treatment on material properties of L-DED printed austenistic alloy 08CH18N10T for nuclear reactor applications
Authors: Jedlan Štěpán , Ševeček Martin , Prantl Antonín , Hodek Josef , Podaný Pavel , Brázda Michal
Published: December 2023

This paper deals with the evaluation of material properties of the additively manufactured austenistic alloy 08CH18N10T, which is widely used in the Czech Republic nuclear power plants Temelín and Dukovany and other VVER reactors around the world. For purposes of utilization of additive manufacturing technologies for nuclear core components fabrication, two sets of samples were prepared from horizontally and vertically L-DED printed blocks from 08CH18N10T material. Experiments such as microstructure analysis, porosity and Vickers hardness were then performed on L-DED printed and heat-treated 08CH18N10T material, and the obtained material properties were then compared with the properties of L-DED printed 08CH18N10T material without heat-treatment for examination of its effect and also with material properties of conventionally made 08CH18N10T material.
Busca en otro lado, aquí no hay nadie normal
Authors: Frutos Velasco David de
Published: December 2023

Reflexiones desde la dirección general de un colegio que apuesta por que la diversidad se diluya y se deje de hablar de ella como problema. La diversidad exige que los centros educativos ofrezcan una respuesta a esa necesidad. Es una realidad que se impone y, por lo tanto, una exigencia irrenunciable. Es clave trabajar de forma intencional la sensibilidad del profesorado ante esa realidad. Este proceso debe ser liderado por aquellos que entienden la inclusión desde la igualdad de oportunidades, procurando la comprensión de las familias y la coordinación con la administración, ya que con el alumnado este proceso es mucho más connatural.
El Aula de Enlace como recurso educativo de atención al migrante
Authors: Rivera Vega Alejandro
Published: December 2023

En las Aulas de Enlace conviven alumnos y alumnas de diferentes procedencias y de edades comprendidas entre los 10 y 17 años que desconocen la lengua española. Sus principales objetivos tal y como aparecen en las normativas que las regulan son: enseñar la lengua española, acortar el periodo de incorporación al sistema educativo y favorecer el desarrollo de su identidad y de su integración personal.
Porque la Filosofía es cosa de niños
Authors: Díez Santaolalla Unai
Published: December 2023

La Filosofía suele vincularse a niveles educativos superiores e incluso a veces, se debate su utilidad en el currículo escolar. En mi trabajo fin de grado, presento una propuesta innovadora que demuestra la importancia de llevar la Filosofía a las aulas, incluso desde edades tempranas. Esta disciplina cultiva habilidades de reflexión profunda, esenciales en una sociedad en constante cambio. Con este trabajo se busca medir el impacto de aplicar esta metodología en un aula rural.
La importancia de la educación especial en el sistema educativo español
Authors: Fernández González Raquel
Published: December 2023

La educación especial nace con el objeto de ofrecer a los alumnos que no pueden alcanzar las competencias básicas por la vía ordinaria de escolarización, una alternativa para lograr su máximo desarrollo y calidad de vida.

Actualmente nos encontramos inmersos en un controvertido debate acerca de la necesidad de que existan estos centros, tal y como los conocemos en la actualidad: diseñados y creados para promover el máximo desarrollo de los alumnos, teniendo en cuenta los recursos específicos y la organización de los mismos.

A lo largo de estas líneas el lector podrá adentrarse en el conocimiento de la organización de este tipo de centros, características de alumnado que atiende y recursos personalizados para dar respuesta a las características de todos ellos.
El secreto del libro de Kells
Authors: Martínez Gómez Eduardo , Pereira Domínguez Carmen
Published: December 2023

Irlanda, siglo IX. En plena Edad Media, un monje de 12 años llamado Brendan ayuda a construir una gran muralla para proteger a la hermandad cristiana de la abadía de Kells de la invasión vikinga que desde hace más de un siglo asola la región arrasándolo todo a su paso. La llegada del carismático hermano Aidan a la abadía, huyendo de la destrucción sembrada por los Hombres del Norte en la isla monasterio de Iona, supone un giro copernicano en la vida del joven. Seducido por su curiosidad y belleza, Brendan se presta a completar el libro de Iona, un manuscrito ornamental de los cuatro evangelios cristianos que el recién llegado trae bajo el brazo. Pero para poder completarlo, Brendan deberá romper la prohibición impuesta por su tío, el severo abad Cellach, y adentrarse en el misterioso bosque que rodea la abadía, dando un primer paso hacia su madurez personal, creativa y espiritual.
Herbicides weed management in changing environmental conditions
Authors: PACANOSKI Zvonko , MEHMETI Arben
Published: December 2023

Elevate CO2 levels in the atmosphere might have prominent effects on weed phenology, consequently changing herbicide performance on weeds. Increased atmospheric CO2 concentration increase leaf thickness and reduce stomatal number and conductance potentially reducing the absorption of POST–emergence applied herbicides. From the other side, higher temperature stimulates stomata conductance, reduce the viscosity of epicuticle waxes, thus increasing the penetration and diffusion of herbicides as a result of changes in the composition and the permeability of the cuticle. However, in some circumstances higher temperatures might cause hastened metabolism, which consequently decreases herbicide activity on target plants. In conditions of higher RH, cuticle hydration and stomatal conductance increases, consequently increases the permeability and translocation particularly of hydrophilic herbicides into the leaves. Similar, under higher irradiance, stomata stay open, photosynthetic rate increases consequently increasing absorption, penetration and subsequent phloem translocation of POST–em systemic herbicides in weed tissue. Drought might cause increased cuticle thickness and increased leaf pubescence, with consequent reductions in herbicide absorption into the leaves. Rainfall after POST–emergence herbicides application might reduce their efficiency through washing out. Increased frequency and intensity of precipitation will have a negative effect on absorption, translocation, and activity of PRE–emergence herbicides.
Phytochemical profile and allelopathic potential of Haloxylon scoparium Pomel (Chenopodiaceae) from Algerian Sahara
Authors: OTMANI Reguia , KHENE Bachir , KEMASSI Abdellah , ARABA Fatna , HARRAT Mohamed , YOUSFI Mohamed
Published: December 2023

The aim of the present work is to study the chemical composition, to estimate the phenolic compounds content and to evaluate the potential allelopathic effects of the Haloxylon scoparium Pomel. Phytochemical tests revealed that Haloxylon scoparium contains tannins, saponins, coumarins, alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids. Furthermore, it contains high levels of total phenolic (588.33 mg GAE 100 g-1) and flavonoids (95.45 mg QE 100 g-1) contents. Moreover, LC-MS-MS analysis allowed us to determine their chemical composition. The results of this characterization confirm the presence of vanillin, naringenin, folic acid, maleic acid, benzoic acid, myricetin, qwuercetin, beta-carotene, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), rutin, cafeic acid, hydroxy-4-coumarine, ascorbic acid, and gallic acid. The allelopathic effect was studied on seed germination and seedling growth of four weed species. The bioassays were performed using different concentrations (1 %, 2.5 %, 5 % and 10 %) against a negative control. The seed germination, shoot and root length of weed species were completely inhibited at the highest concentrations (10 %, 5 %). However, the lower concentrations exhibited lesser inhibition percentages on the germination and the seedling growth. The phytochemical results and the significant allelopathic effects of the plant extract suggest that this species may offer new substances for the biocontrol of weeds.
Działalność misyjna Zgromadzenia Sióstr Służek Najświętszej Maryi Panny Niepokalanej
Authors: Adamiak Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

W sierpniu 2022 r. minęło 45 lat od rozpoczęcia przez siostry z jednego z tzw. zgromadzeń honorackich – Sióstr Służek Najświętszej Maryi Panny Niepokalanej – pracy misyjnej w Afryce. Artykuł prezentuje, uwzględniając specyfikę tego zgromadzenia, jego zaangażowanie w dzieło misji ad gentes. Założyciel zgromadzenia posyłał siostry do najbardziej potrzebujących. Obecnie pojmują one swoją misję jako misję na peryferiach świata, zrozumiały i odczytały znaki czasu oraz odważnie podążają na „obrzeża” dzisiejszego Kościoła, niosąc „radość Ewangelii”. Chociaż zgromadzenie sióstr honoratek, Służek Najświętszej Maryi Panny Niepokalanej, nie powstało specjalnie z myślą o misji ad gentes, to po stu latach od swego powstania podjęło tę formę pracy. Poszerzenie postrzegania i realizacji charyzmatu zgromadzenia wpisuje się w aktualne nauczanie Magisterium Kościoła o zaangażowaniu zgromadzeń zakonnych w dzieło ewangelizacji. Rodzime powołania do tego zgromadzenia, a nawet przejmowanie placówek misyjnych (misja w Butare) przez „siostry Afrykanki” potwierdzają prawdę, że misje to nie tylko dawanie, ale i wymiana darów.
Kryteria eklezjalności wspólnot katolickich – dokument KEP z 2022 r. na tle wcześniejszych wypowiedzi Kościoła
Authors: Wasiutyńska Katarzyna
Published: December 2023

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest nauczaniu Kościoła o stowarzyszeniach wiernych świeckich z perspektywy kryteriów eklezjalności. Wpierw omówiono dokumenty o zasięgu uniwersalnym: adhortacje Evangelii nuntiandi Pawła VI i Christifideles laici Jana Pawła II oraz List Kongregacji Nauki Wiary Iuvenescit Ecclesia, a następnie bliżej dokument Kryteria eklezjalności wspólnot katolickich Komisji Nauki Wiary Konferencji Episkopatu Polski, opracowany w 2022 r., który przybliża dzięki konkretnym przykładom podejmowanych praktyk elementy składające się na lokalną rzeczywistość.
Świętość i wolność — nowe wyzwania dla współczesnych chrześcijan. Kleryk Sługa Boży Alfons Mańka OMI wśród kleryków–męczenników II wojny światowej. Red. Paulina Jabłońska. Warszawa 2022 (ss. 207, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie)
Authors: Różański Jarosław
Published: December 2023

Przedmiotem badawczym recenzowanej monografii jest fenomen świętości jako droga do prawdziwej wolności człowieka w optyce nowych wyzwań rysujących się przed współczesnym chrześcijaninem.  W sposób szczególny rozpatrywany jest przypadek życia i śmierci kleryka Alfonsa Mańki OMI, męczennika II wojny światowej. Autorzy monografii próbują znaleźć odpowiedź jakie czynniki (metody wychowania) mają wpływ na ukształtowanie się dojrzałej postawy wiary, zdolnej przezwyciężyć cierpienie spowodowane prześladowaniem. W tym celu potrzeba wielowymiarowego, interdyscyplinarnego modelu wychowania w seminariach duchownych w Polsce.  Do jego wdrażania potrzebne jest stworzenie klimatu dojrzewania powołania kapłańskiego czy też zakonnego w domu rodzinnym. Ważne jest także ukazanie tej drogi życia w jej szerokim kontekście, w tym w kontekście prześladowań religijnych.
Muszle – zawieszki – amulety we wczesnym średniowieczu z terenu Polski na przykładzie znalezisk z Kruszwicy
Authors: Kurzawska Aldona , Głód Anna
Published: December 2023

In this article, the author takes a closer look at the finds of sea shell ornaments in the early Middle Ages, based on artefacts discovered at two sites (Nos. 2 and 4) in Kruszwica. The four pendants in question come from settlement levels dating from the 11th to the 12th centuries. A malacological analysis suggests that the ornaments reached Kruszwica from the Mediterranean area (Acanthocardia tuberculata and Bolinus brandaris), and probably the Red Sea (Monetaria moneta), and from southern Poland (Turritella sp). These objects had been in use for a long time, as evidenced by the microtraces and damage visible on their surface. During the early medieval period, among the various species of shells that were ‘imports’, money cowrie shell ornaments with the most ‘exotic’ origins were the most common in Europe. It is highly probable that during this period of time, they were used in the exchange/trade and their value as a female symbol object and an amulet. Most likely, the shell pendants reached Kruszwica via trade routes that have been previously documented, alongside other artifacts. These ornaments provide additional evidence of long-distance trade.
Lung function is related to salivary cytokines and hormones in healthy children. An exploratory cross‐sectional study
Authors: Gochicoa‐Rangel Laura , Chávez Jaime , Del‐Río‐Hidalgo Rodrigo , Guerrero‐Zúñiga Selene , Mora‐Romero Uri , Benítez‐Pérez Rosaura , Rodríguez‐Moreno Luis , Torre‐Bouscoulet Luis , Vargas Mario H.
Published: December 2023

Pulmonary mechanics has been traditionally viewed as determined by lung size and physical factors such as frictional forces and tissue viscoelastic properties, but few information exists regarding potential influences of cytokines and hormones on lung function. Concentrations of 28 cytokines and hormones were measured in saliva from clinically healthy scholar children, purposely selected to include a wide range of body mass index (BMI). Lung function was assessed by impulse oscillometry, spirometry, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, and expressed as z‐score or percent predicted. Ninety‐six scholar children (55.2% female) were enrolled. Bivariate analysis showed that almost all lung function variables correlated with one or more cytokine or hormone, mainly in boys, but only some of them remained statistically significant in the multiple regression analyses. Thus, after adjusting by height, age, and BMI, salivary concentrations of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) in boys were associated with zR5‐R20 and reactance parameters (zX20, zFres, and zAX), while glucagon inversely correlated with resistances (zR5 and zR20). Thus, in physiological conditions, part of the mechanics of breathing might be influenced by some cytokines and hormones, including glucagon and GM‐CSF. This endogenous influence is a novel concept that warrants in‐depth characterization.