bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Severe pre-eclampsia: diagnostic and treatment options
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lebedeva S.Yu. , Shalina R.I. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vychristuck Yu.V. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Plekhanova E.R. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Breusenko L.E. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

Objective. To identify significant factors that determine the severity and predict the efficacy of therapy for pre-eclampsia (PE).
Patients and methods. A retrospective study was conducted, including the analysis of prenatal records, delivery histories and neonatal development (n = 166). Delivery histories were selected based on the verified diagnosis of severe PE. All patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 104) – patients with no effect of PE therapy within 6–24 hours; group 2 (n = 62) – patients with temporary effect of therapy. Medical records of pregnant women, complaints, results of clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations during pregnancy and at hospital admission were analyzed. A comparative assessment of perinatal outcomes of newborns was performed.
Results. Statistically significant factors (p < 0.001) determining the severity of PE and predicting no effect of therapy were as follows: SBP ≥150 mm Hg, proteinuria ≥3 g/L in a single urine sample, presence of symptoms of neurological complications (OR: 31.944; 95% CI: 13.368–76.333), high blood creatinine levels (OR: 4.219; 95% CI: 1.819–9.783), thrombocytopenia <150.000/μL (OR: 5.786; 95% CI: 2.506–13.357), fetal growth restriction (OR: 3.571; 95% CI: 1.706–7.475).
Conclusion. Given the ambiguity of classical symptoms (arterial hypertension and proteinuria) and clinical features of PE, it is necessary to revise the classification of disease for timely and objective assessment of its severity, considering changes in laboratory signs of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome, in accordance with ISSHP (2021). Assuming the low efficacy of therapy for severe PE, it is important not only to predict and diagnose it in a timely manner, but also to develop treatment options for early disease stages, which may be more effective and allow prolongation of pregnancy to terms that guarantee the birth of children with fewer complications.
Key words: arterial hypertension, pregnancy, fetal growth restriction, symptoms of multi-organ dysfunction, severe pre-eclampsia, therapy for pre-eclampsia
PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DALAM KONTEKS BUDAYA LOKAL: STUDI KASUS PEMANFAATAN LAHAN PEKARANGAN PANGAN LESTARI
Authors: Khusna Faza Amalia , Sari Rosnida
Published: January 2025

Women's empowerment has an important role in development. One of the ways to realize empowerment for women is the Sustainable Food Yard (P2L) program. With this empowerment, the community, especially mothers, can experience changes in their level of knowledge, attitudes and increased welfare. Thus, the community in Wonosobo Village, Banyuwangi Regency has implemented Sustainable Food Farming (P2L) activities through the institution of the Sri Tanjung Women's Farmers Group. Through Sustainable Food Yard (P2L) activities, group members can fulfill their need for vegetables for daily consumption. The women's empowerment carried out by KWT Sri Tanjung is related to tradition because Wonosobo Village really upholds traditional values. Social Capital in cultural relationships is highly correlated. Social norms, social networks, and beliefs are the main factors in tradition. The village clean ritual provides space for women to contribute to the ritual, even though women are always placed in the domestic sphere. The culture in Wonosobo Village provides access for women to become ajen or leaders in the mocoan tradition or reading the lontar book. In the era of modernization there have been changes to the village's clean ritual customs, there are several performances such as jaranan, music and so on. Ider bumi is part of the Osing culture, but in its activities there is a mixture of Javanese culture in it which is not a serious problem, because the two cultures coexist. Traditions and P2L programs go hand in hand, resulting in productive and complementary activities. The type of research used in this research is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. To determine informants, purposive sampling was used and data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. In testing the validity of the research data, source triangulation was used and for data analysis, namely through data transcript, namely categorization of data in text form the final step is drawing conclusions. 
Building of Community Disaster Preparedness for the Active Aging Elders: Case Study of Dusit District, Bangkok Thailand
Authors: Muenboonme Weerayut , Nunthaitaweekul Pachanat , Rattakul Bhichit
Published: January 2025

As global demographic trends shift toward an increasingly aging population, disaster preparedness for older adults has become a major public health concern. This study comprehensively analyzed community-based disaster preparedness targeting older adults in Dusit District, Bangkok, Thailand. The primary objective was to identify and address the specific vulnerabilities of older adults, such as chronic illnesses, mobility impairments, and sensory decline, which amplify their susceptibility during disaster events. Conducted between October 2021 and September 2023, this study employed a cross-sectional descriptive design. A total of 500 participants aged 60 years and above were recruited. This study evaluates disaster preparedness in four critical stages: emergency response, prevention and mitigation, rehabilitation, and preparedness. The findings suggest that although preparedness measures are moderately implemented, the provision of customized support and the development of age-appropriate shelters for older individuals are of paramount importance. Moreover, this study underscores the essential role of community involvement and interagency coordination in enhancing disaster resilience. Therefore, a holistic and integrative approach is required to advance disaster preparedness for older adults. This approach should include personalized support systems, optimized resource allocation, and specialized training programs. Enhancing community disaster preparedness mitigates vulnerability among older adults, thereby improving their safety and overall well-being in disaster scenarios.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, Kompensasi Bonus, dan Kepemilikan Institusional terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba
Authors: Univera Ribeta Lyrae , Yusuf Muhammad , Ulupui I Gusti Ketut Agung
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the effect of profitability, leverage, bonus compensation, and institutional ownership. The independent variables used in this research are profitability, leverage, bonus compensation, and institutional ownership. The dependent variable used is income smoothing. This research uses secondary data, namely financial reports and annual reports of non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2022 period (318 observations). The sampling method used in this research was purposive sampling method. The method used in this research is logistic regression analysis which is processed using the SPSS version 25 application. The research results show that profitability has no effect on income smoothing, leverage has no effect on income smoothing, bonus compensation has a negative effect on income smoothing, and institutional ownership has a negative effect on income smoothing.
Reconditioning and Enhancement of Automatic Pressure Control Equipment for Servo and Regulatory Processes
Authors: Suryadi Aris , Budi Triyono  , Hanni Maksum Ardi  , Dibyo Setiawan
Published: January 2025

Control Systems have taken essential parts widely from industrial world to military equipment. Control systems in the industrial world determine the quality, speed, cost and efficiency of the manufacturing process known as the Process Control System (PCS). The core of the Control System is conditioning (actuators) and reading conditions (sensors). By synergizing those parts with the coordination of the controller, the process value (PV) can be obtained according to the condition of the set point (SP). To get the proper control characteristics, i.e. the fastest possible response, the lowest possible oscillation and offset (error steady state/ESS), an understanding of the concept of a closed loop control system with a continuous scheme is developed. In this regard, the Automatic Control Laboratory under the Pneumatic and Hydraulic Laboratory at the Department of Mechanical Engineering - POLBAN considered to provide students with an introduction to Automatic Instrumentation and Control. The briefing covered the introduction, mechanism and operation of Automatic Instrumentation and Control systems. Therefore, tools were required as a medium for achieving the above competencies, one of which was the modernization of pressure regulators in order to strengthen the Laboratory. Through this research, a rejuvenation and modernization of the control system were carried out by applying a proportional, integral and differential (PID) control system. It was based on a programmable logic controller (PLC) equipped with a human machine interface (HMI) to make it easier to enter set points and PID parameters, to be practical in operation and effective in monitoring and data acquisition. The result of the pressure regulator modernization had the ability to include servo control process (getting a certain value) and regulatory control process (maintaining a certain value) with a continuous closed loop scheme. The modernized pressure control system could be utilized as a prototype demonstration of the system in an actual environment to study and observe the Proportional, Integral and Differential (PID) control system along with the process of determining the parameters Kp, Ti and Td as Practicum equipment.
Analysis of Corrosion Rate in Low-Carbon Steel ASTM A36 and AISI 1020 in Sulfuric Acid Solution Using Heat Treatment Temperature and Immersion Time Variations
Authors: Wiradinata Trisna Ardi , Daryus Asy'ari , Sugiyanto Didik , Nopryandi  , Ikhsan Muhammad
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the corrosion rate of low-carbon steel ASTM A36 and AISI 1020 in sulfuric acid solution under varying heat treatment temperatures and immersion times. Samples were subjected to heat treatment at 600, 820, and 1100 °C, followed by immersion for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The results reveal significant effects of heat treatment temperature and immersion duration on corrosion performance. At 600 °C with a 72-hour immersion, ASTM A36 exhibited a corrosion rate of 140.68 mm/year, while AISI 1020 showed 149.07 mm/year. At 820 °C, the corrosion rates for ASTM A36 and AISI 1020 were 102.34 mm/year and 96.48 mm/year, respectively. At 1100 °C, ASTM A36 demonstrated a corrosion rate of 87.97 mm/year, compared to 121.08 mm/year for AISI 1020. The findings highlight that increasing heat treatment temperature generally reduces the corrosion rate, though the effect varies by material.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 25 по 31 января 2025 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: January 2025

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 Omicron вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 25 по 31 января 2025 г.
Exploring Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy for Lumbar Intradural Lesions: A Technical and Video Report on Benefits and Key Considerations
Authors: Lee Cheng-Ying , Park Cheol Woong
Published: January 2025

Lumbar Intradural extramedullary schwannomas often cause neurological symptoms, and complete surgical removal is mandatory. Traditional surgical procedures for tumor removal have numerous disadvantages, including extensive muscle dissection, prolonged recovery, and increased postoperative pain. As endoscopic surgery becomes increasingly popular for treating spinal disorders, the use of endoscopic techniques for treating spinal tumors is imminent. However, the development of these techniques has been challenging due to various inherent difficulties with traditional endoscopic surgery, including a steep learning curve, technical complexity, and fluid management. In this article, we present a successful case of treating an intradural extramedullary schwannoma using unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE), share the 2-hand technique involved, and discuss the advantages and limitations of UBE in such cases.
Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using the Modified Transfacet Approach: A Novel Technique to Reduce the Risk of Inadvertent Neurovascular Injury
Authors: Asawasaksakul Akarawit , Suebsing Abhirat , Trathitephun Warayos , Kim Jin-Sung , Suvithayasiri Siravich
Published: January 2025

This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of a novel "transfacet" technique in full-endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (FE-LIF) aimed at reducing neurovascular risks through improved visualization and preservation of the medial facet joint walls during cage insertion. A technical note on a degenerative lumbar spinal disease patient who underwent transfacet FE-LIF using this technique is presented. This approach starts at the most dorsal part of the facet joint and employs specialized instruments, including the Harrison Cage Glider (Harrison Spinartus Hospital, Chungdam). The technique was applied to a 61-year-old man with 5 months of low back pain and right leg numbness. Postsurgery, pain was significantly reduced (visual analogue scale score: 2–3), with immediate mobility improvements. Twelve months of follow-up indicated complete symptom resolution without complications. The instruments used included a full-endoscopic system, a polyether-ether-ketone cage, autologous bone grafts, and demineralized bone matrix. The transfacet FE-LIF method demonstrates potential as a feasible and safer alternative for endoscopic spinal fusion, notably during the critical phase of cage insertion. It effectively minimizes risk to nearby neurovascular structures. Comparative studies of emerging endoscopic fusion techniques are required to validate and establish the reproducibility of this proposed method.
Real-time and High-speed Talkative Power Converter Based on Waveform Modulation
Authors: Chen Wu , Wang Yueyin , Shen Zhan , Jin Haozhe , Zhu Xuhao , Luo SiYi , Hao Zewei , Lan Jianxi
Published: January 2025

An efficient isolated DC-DC converter requires an information link between the isolated sides for power regulation and performance optimization. Talkative power converter (TPC) technology offers a cost-effective communication solution. However, the signal in existing technologies is susceptible to power noise. Consequently, the existing TPC method requires several switching cycles to transmit a single signal, and the data rate is constrained by noise, making it challenging to meet the demands of advanced communication. In this paper, a faster TPC method is proposed, using M-ary modulation based on amplitude shift keying (ASK). The nature of the magnetic tank is similar to the traditional resonant circuit, which is used to select signal frequency. It enables the signal to transmit by a frequency far above the switching frequency, thus improving the anti-noise ability. Compared to traditional communication methods, this approach eliminates the additional multipliers, enhancing integration and offering valuable insights for digital signal modulation. Thanks to the high signal strength and anti-noise ability, information transmission and demodulation can be completed within a single cycle. This method achieves the highest per-cycle transmission rate among state-of-the-art TPC techniques. The proposed method is validated on a 30kHz, 1kW, 200V dual-active-bridge prototype.
Nutritional Evaluation and Utilization of Locally Available Alternative Feed Resources for Poultry Production: Case Study of Smallholder Farms in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Getahun Aklilu , Kechero Yisehak , Yemane Nebiyu , Dessie Tadelle , Esatu Wondeminhe
Published: January 2025

Poultry farming plays a vital role in the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Southern Ethiopia by providing protein and income. However, the high cost of conventional feeds has created a need for alternative feed ingredients. This study identifies and assesses the nutritional value of locally available alternative feed resources for poultry in the region. Data were collected from 360 households across the Hadiya, Wolaita, and Gamo zones to examine household demographic and socio-economic characteristics, feeding practices, and the use of alternative feeds such as enset (Ensete ventricosum) corm, avocado (Persea americana) seed kernel, mango (Mangifera indica) seed kernel, and moringa (Moringa stenopetala) leaf meal. A multistage sampling technique and field measurements were employed for data collection. The common alternative feeds were sampled and analysed for their nutritional characteristics. The majority of households (80%, N = 288) engaged in supplementary feeding, primarily using cereal grains. Nutritional evaluations revealed significant differences in nutrient content: moringa leaf meal had the highest crude protein (CP, 30.8 ± 0.35%), while mango seed kernel had the highest carbohydrate content (79.62%). On average, alternative feeds had higher crude protein content (p < 0.05) than conventional feeds such as maize (8.5% CP) but lower than soybean meal (40.1% CP). Among the alternative feed resources, avocado seed kernel contained 4185.97 ± 43.37 Kcal ME/kg DM, mango seed kernel 3755.48 ± 32.3 Kcal ME/kg DM, and enset corm 3611.16 ± 5.04 Kcal ME/kg DM, showing comparability with conventional feeds. Alternative feeds generally exhibited higher carbohydrate levels (p < 0.05) and comparable essential nutrient contents, demonstrating their potential as poultry diet supplements. Some alternative feed ingredients contained anti-nutritional factors like tannins (mean = 2.3%) and oxalates (mean = 1.1%), but their harmful effects could be eliminated through proper processing. This underscores the importance of processing to minimize adverse effects. The findings highlight the potential of local feed resources to reduce reliance on expensive conventional feeds and support sustainable poultry production. Recommendations include raising awareness, providing training on the use of alternative feeds, and implementing government support measures to reduce dependence on imported feeds in Southern Ethiopia.
Challenges Hindering Sustainability Among Smallholder Farmers in the Rice Production Supply Chain of Northern Ghana
Authors: Saani Adam Sandow , Salisbury Roger Hans
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the challenges hindering sustainability within the rice production supply chain in Northern Ghana. It identifies the economic, social, and environmental barriers impacting smallholder farmers, who form the backbone of rice production in the region. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 300 farmers across five key districts, revealing significant constraints, including limited mechanisation, inadequate credit access, market instability, labour shortages, gender disparities, and unsustainable environmental practices. The study highlights the interplay between these challenges, emphasising how economic constraints, such as poor market infrastructure and low mechanisation, reduce profitability and investment capacity. Social issues, including labour shortages and reliance on child labour, undermine community resilience, while environmental challenges, such as over-reliance on rain-fed agriculture and excessive fertiliser use, degrade the ecosystem. Key recommendations include enhancing mechanisation, promoting gender equity, expanding access to affordable credit, and fostering sustainable farming practices, such as alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and organic fertiliser use. By holistically addressing these barriers, stakeholders can enhance the resilience and sustainability of Northern Ghana’s rice supply chain, ensuring food security and rural economic development.
HDAC1 and HDAC2 are bidirectional enzymes that catalyze histone sorbylation to induce epigenetic alterations
Authors: Ito Akihiro , Noritsugu Kota , Shimizu Yuki , Suzuki Takehiro , Aoki Komei , Nozaki Tamiko , Kawashima Shigehiro , Yamazaki Masaya , Yamagata Kazuya , Koike Kota , Dodo Kosuke , Ogawa Kenji , Sodeoka Mikiko , Yoshida Minoru , Dohmae Naoshi , Kumagai Yoshito
Published: January 2025

Reversible histone acylation is crucial for epigenetic gene expression regulation. Histone acylation is typically mediated by lysine acyltransferases (KATs), which use acyl-CoAs as acyl donors. Here, we revealed the novel role of the histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2 in histone acylation catalysis. Notably, we show that HDAC1 and HDAC2 directly catalyze sorbylation using sorbic acid, a common food preservative, in addition to facilitating desorbylation. This newly discovered HDAC1/2-driven histone sorbylation function is a distinctive active epigenetic mark that leads to widespread changes in the expression of genes, particularly those involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Our findings reveal that HDAC1/2 are unique enzymes capable of catalyzing not only the removal but also formation of histone modifications in response to exogenous carboxylic acids such as sorbic acid and benzoic acid. Our results highlight the impact of carboxylic acids found in the environment, such as food additives, on gene expression changes that occur via histone lysine modification regulated by HDAC1 and HDAC2.
Predicting Euler Characteristics Using Machine Learning and Skyrmion Number Computation
Authors: Yu Gyunghun , Park Seong Min , Moon Tae Jung , Yoon Han Gyu , Choi Jun Woo , Kwon Hee Young , Won Changyeon
Published: January 2025

Our study investigates the method to obtain topological properties of input images with neural networks, not requiring training datasets. In the field of solid-state physics, research has been conducted to obtain topological properties of magnetic structures by analyzing the spin fields. Utilizing the approaches, our model generates a unit vector field interpreted as spin fields from various images and predicts the Euler characteristic of input images by computing the skyrmion number of the generated vector field. Even if the networks are trained by a single image of a fixed Euler characteristic, they successfully predict the Euler characteristics of the various images. The resulting spin configurations from independently trained neural networks are not unique due to the remaining degrees of freedom in the spin configuration. To further control the spin configuration by confining these degrees of freedom, we incorporate a magnetic Hamiltonian as an additional loss function, which includes exchange Interaction, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) Interaction, and anisotropy. We validate the model on more complex geometrical shapes and apply it to practical tasks.
The Psychiatric Impact of Terror Attacks: Proximity and Evacuation in Communities Experiencing Mass Trauma
Authors: Shamoa-Nir Lipaz
Published: January 2025

Background
Geographic proximity to terrorist attacks can amplify emotional responses and heighten perceptions of risk. However, studies, including those conducted after 9/11, have reported mixed findings across different demographic groups.
Objective
This study examines psychological distress among residents of communities directly affected by the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack, with a focus on the roles of proximity and evacuation.
Method
An online survey was conducted with 91 evacuated Israeli residents to assess levels of stress, anxiety, and depression among evacuees from northern, southern, and central regions of Israel. Additionally, participants answered three open-ended questions about their emotional, social, and practical coping after the October 7th attack.
Results
The results indicated significantly higher psychological distress among southern residents with personal proximity to the attack compared to those from more remote communities. While both central and northern groups were geographically distant from the terror site, depression levels were notably elevated among northern residents, likely influenced by the evacuation process.
Conclusions
These findings highlight the necessity of region-specific mental health interventions as part of post-terrorism recovery efforts.
Can Inter-Caste Marriages Reduce Economic Inequalities in Child Nutrition in India? Evidence from Triangulation of Cross-sectional and Panel Data Analyses
Authors: Pradeep Rukmi , Goli Srinivas
Published: January 2025

Endogamous marriages in India reflect a socially segregated society based on religion and caste, perpetuating the existing social stratification and inequalities. Caste endogamy contributes to the unequal transferring of social capital and social endowments, thereby reproducing inequalities within and across generations. In this background, the study examined the question of whether inter-caste marriages contribute to reducing economic inequality in children’s nutrition. We triangulated analyses based on pooled microdata and macro-panel data compiled from the National Family Health Survey (2005–2021). The Wagstaff’s corrected concentration index, panel data random effects regression models, and pooled cross-sectional probit regression model have been used. Findings suggest the continued prevalence of caste-based assortative sorting in the Indian marriage market and wealth-based inequalities in child nutritional status, thereby indicating both strong caste endogamy and health inequalities. However, an increase in inter-caste marriage is associated with declining inequalities in the child nutrition indicators: stunting, wasting, and underweight. The pathway is established through the reduced economic heterogeneity in populations owing to inter-caste marital arrangements and a greater possibility of exchange of resources. Thus, we advance that intermarriages lessen caste inequalities in child nutrition in India by narrowing group differences in socio-economic status.
Global Research Trends and Hotspots in Aspirin Studies (2014-2024): A Bibliometric Perspective
Authors: Sun Ning , Zhao Mengjie , Jia Bochao , Lou Taiwei , Li Zirong , Nie Xiaowei , Yu Wenxiao , Li Qiuyan
Published: January 2025

Aspirin, as one of the most important drugs in medical history, has been continuously explored for over 3,000 years. This study employs bibliometric analysis to examine the research hotspots and trends on aspirin over the past decade. This study retrieved articles and reviews on aspirin from the Web of Science database, covering the period from 2014 to 2024. R software and CiteSpace were employed for visual analysis, revealing trends in publication volume, collaborations, core journals, and keywords distributions. In the past decade, a total of 19,504 papers authored by 88,600 researchers were published, citing 460,704 references. The U.S., China, and Italy lead in publications, with Canada and Australia showing strong collaboration. The authors with the highest contributions include BHATT DL, STEG PG, and WANG YJ. Research hotspots and trends include the following three points: the development of expert recommendations for the use of aspirin in primary cardiovascular prevention into personalized and shared decision-making between doctors and patients; the ongoing need for more evidence regarding the effects of aspirin on different tumors; and the sustained focus on aspirin-related respiratory diseases in future research. Aspirin, a classic drug, continues to have a substantial number of publications, underscoring its lasting impact. The USA, China, and Italy play a leading role in this field. However, there is still a long way to go, and research that is more targeted and beneficial for different refined populations may be a future trend.
Resonant laser excitation for nanoscale photocatalytic gold growth on patterned templates
Authors: Schardt Jan , Paulsen Moritz , Abshari Fatemeh , Gerken Martina
Published: January 2025

Resonant excitation of nanooptical templates offers great advantages for localized photocatalytic activity. We present a design, fabrication and characterization of nanostructured TiO2 to mimic the dynamic behavior of growth of long-range axonal connections in neuromorphic computing architectures. We use the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 to reduce gold particles from a precursor solution and influence the localized gold growth with light-dependent field enhancements inside the TiO2. Nanooptical templates with different grating parameters are suggested to individually control the formation of metal lines on the surface. We show with an optical probe that resonant excitation with a UV laser is achieved with the nanostructures. 100nm of DPVBi is used as an emissive layer on top of the patterned TiO2 to visualize the field enhancement. The experiments show an emission increase for selected grating periods depending on the excitation setup. For nanostructures with only a few lateral repetitions, the quality factor of the resonance wavelength is lower which leads to a broader range of grating periods that resonantly increase the emission of DPVBi. We perform growth experiments and find dense coverage of gold particles on the nanostructured lines, if excited resonantly. For non-resonant excitation and on planar TiO2 areas, gold particles are sparsely scattered. These results show that local manipulation of dynamic growth characteristics are achieved.
Factors Influencing HIV Testing Among Ever-Married Women in Mozambique: Insights from the 2022/23 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Ibrahim Amr Ahmed Aly , El-Farargy Sara Hosny , Bahr Ahmed Reda , Abdelgalil Mahmoud Shaaban
Published: January 2025

Background Mozambique bears a high HIV burden, with low testing uptake among young females. This study analyzes socio-demographic and behavioral factors influencing HIV testing among ever-married women aged 15–49, using data from the 2022/23 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS).Methods A secondary analysis of the Mozambique DHS 2023 dataset was performed to explore factors associated with HIV testing uptake. Variables including age, education, marital status, geographic location, and socioeconomic indicators were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to identify significant predictors.Results The analysis included 13,184 women aged 15–49 years, of whom 67.56% reported having ever been tested for HIV. Multivariate analysis revealed that older age, higher education levels, living with a partner, visiting a health facility within the past 12 months, and daily internet use were significantly associated with higher odds of undergoing HIV testing (P > 0.05). Conversely, residing in rural areas was significantly associated with lower odds of HIV testing (P < 0.05).Conclusions Mozambique must prioritize expanding HIV testing in rural areas by enhancing healthcare access and community outreach. Promoting awareness through digital platforms and integrating HIV education into public programs can further improve testing uptake. Strengthening education and healthcare services is vital to achieving better prevention and early treatment outcomes.
The impact of weeds on performance of cereal-legume intercropping systems
Authors: Kottelenberg David , Evers Jochem , Anten Niels , Bastiaans Lammert
Published: January 2025

Context Weeds threaten crop productivity, but current reliance on herbicides poses risks to ecosystems and human health, necessitating sustainable alternatives such as intercropping. Cereal-legume intercrops enhance weed suppression, but the effect of weed pressure on component crops remains unclear.Objectives We investigated cereal-legume intercrops and sole crops in weed-free and weed-infested circumstances.Methods Four field experiments were conducted over three years (2022–2024). Main treatment factors included species selection, species mixing ratios, planting pattern, and herbicide application. We evaluated interactions between intercropping and presence and absence of weeds on biomass, yield, and light interception.Results Cereals dominated the intercrops, achieving yields comparable to or exceeding their proportional contributions relative to sole crops. In the absence of weeds, intercropped legumes yielded proportionally less than sole crops. However, legumes in weed-infested intercrops yielded proportionally similar to both herbicide-treated sole crops and intercrops. Cereals experienced weed-induced yield losses in both sole crops and intercrops, while legumes showed yield losses in sole crops but slight gains in intercrops, indicating that cereal-weed competition facilitated legume growth. Light interception by cereal sole crops was higher in weed-free than in weed-infested areas, whereas the opposite was observed for legume sole crops.Conclusion Our findings showed that under weed-infested conditions, cereal-legume intercrops have the potential to achieve higher component and total yields compared to their sole stands, offering a win-win scenario. We highlight indirect facilitation, cereal-weed competition that benefits legumes, as a to date poorly considered mechanism for overyielding in intercrops.
Effectiveness of a mixture of tomato paste and cranberry juice as an antibacterial agent
Authors: Zadorina I. I. , Trizna E. Y. , Kayumov A. R.
Published: January 2025

Tartar is a key factor in developing such dental diseases as caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Tartar results from dental plaque formed by accumulation of bacteria in the tooth cavity. Following the period of about 12 days, unremoved plaque mineralizes in contact with salts, forming tartar firmly attached to the tooth surface. Tartar in the oral cavity increases the risk of inflammatory processes. In this study, we aim to assess the feasibility of using tomato paste and cranberry juice in combination as an antibacterial and plaque-removing agent. In order to obtain a mixture of tomato paste and cranberry juice, fruits were washed separately with clean water at room temperature and homogenized by grinding in a mortar. The resulting homogenized mass was centrifuged for separation. The as-obtained tomato paste and cranberry juice were mixed to yield a homogeneous mass. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that a mixture of tomato paste and cranberry juice in a 1:1 ratio promotes the destruction of Staphylococcus aureus and some Streptococcus species, thus exhibiting high antimicrobial activity against these bacteria. In addition, exposure of tartar to the tested mixture of tomato paste and cranberry juice for 20 days led to an 86% destruction of tartar. Thus, a mixture of tomato paste and cranberry juice may serve as a promising antibacterial and cleansing agent for oral hygiene.
Estimation of the bone biological age using machine learning
Authors: Slipchenko Volodymyr , Grygorieva Nataliia , Poliahushko Liubov , Musiіenko Аnna , Rudyk Volodymyr , Shatylo Vladyslav
Published: January 2025

The study aims to identify the best method for assessing the bone biological age, which can help detect bone diseases like osteoporosis early. The focus is on machine learning methods and neural networks, using data such as body mass index, data on bone mass density, and the fracture risk assessment tool of various bones in the body, as well as the trabecular bone score as biomarkers. The correlation of biomarkers with age was verified using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. The training part of the processed dataset was fed into various machine learning models based on different methods (linear regression, k-nearest neighbors, boosting, ensembles, etc.), followed by accuracy testing on the test set. Additionally, the method for assessing biological age based on two neural networks was tested. The best results were shown by machine learning models based on the boosting method, such as XGBRegressor, LGBMRegressor, and CatBoostRegressor, with MAE ranging from 2.1 to 2.2 and a correlation coefficient from 0.93 to 0.94, which indicates high accuracy given the limited dataset. The method utilizing two neural networks did not show the expected increase in accuracy (MAE 3.5 and a correlation coefficient of 0.90). It also did not perform significantly worse, indicating the method's lack of optimization for this task while highlighting its versatility in assessing biological age. The study's results made it possible to increase the accuracy of the assessment of the bone biological age: MAE from 3.67 to 2.1, correlation coefficient from 0.88 to 0.94, compared with a similar study. Also, the results provided important information on determining the BA of bones based on data from Ukrainian citizens, contributing to the development of the biological age field in Ukraine.
Exploring Students’ Perception on The Implementation of a Web-Based Materials in Intensive Reading Class
Authors: Malasari Susanti , Fortinasari Paulina Besty
Published: January 2025

Intensive Reading is one of reading subjects learned by English Department students. This course is a reading activity to find information and understand the contents of various reading texts. Good reading skills will enable students find and understand information from various texts proficiently. Besides knowing and applying reading strategies, students can improve their reading skills by doing reading practice continuously. Therefore, students need to have an easy access of various texts that are used as intensive reading materials. Website is one of the media that can be used to provide intensive reading materials. This is a descriptive qualitative research that is aimed to explore students’ perception on the implementation of a web-based materials in intensive reading class. The participants were the second semester of English Department students learned intensive reading. The data were obtained from observation, interview, and documentation. The findings showed that students have positive perception on the implementation of a web-based materials in intensive reading class. It was found that the implementation of websites can motivate students in learning to read, help students improve their reading comprehension, and form students’ reading habits.
Bringing Mall beyond the Wall: Rethinking Online Learning Practices in Indonesian Higher Education
Authors: Purwaningrum Adriani Yulia
Published: January 2025

MALL implementation in online learning practice has raised discussion on the possibility of developing learning beyond the classroom. However, online learning circumstances in Indonesia require special attention since this sudden shift of learning methods poses various challenges for teachers and students unfamiliar with this agenda. Therefore, this study reviews related and significant studies on online learning practice in Indonesian higher education. The selected samples were categorized and analyzed to understand the current circumstances of online learning in the Indonesian EFL context and examine the feasibility of learning beyond the classroom (LBC) to be developed in Indonesia. The results indicate that the online learning situation in Indonesia opens a wide opportunity for the development of LBC. Still, several aspects need further consideration and examination to achieve quality English language learning in an online environment. It is recommended for future researchers in the same field to further investigate LBC activities during online learning practice in Indonesia with the help of MALL.
Random features and polynomial rules
Authors: Aguirre-Lopez Fabian , Franz Silvio , Pastore Mauro
Published: January 2025

Random features models play a distinguished role in the theory of deep learning, describing the behavior of neural networks close to their infinite-width limit. In this work, we present a thorough analysis of the generalization performance of random features models for generic supervised learning problems with Gaussian data. Our approach, built with tools from the statistical mechanics of disordered systems, maps the random features model to an equivalent polynomial model, and allows us to plot average generalization curves as functions of the two main control parameters of the problem: the number of random features NN and the size PP of the training set, both assumed to scale as powers in the input dimension DD. Our results extend the case of proportional scaling between NN, PP and DD. They are in accordance with rigorous bounds known for certain particular learning tasks and are in quantitative agreement with numerical experiments performed over many order of magnitudes of NN and PP. We find good agreement also far from the asymptotic limits where D\to ∞D→∞ and at least one between P/D^KP/DK, N/D^LN/DL remains finite.
Dermatoscopic features of monomorphic lesions in cutaneous and indolent systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Kasikhina E. I. , Potekaev N. N. , Katunina О. R. , Kochetkov М. A. , Ostretsova M. N. , Zhukova O. V. , Tolstoguzova E. V. , Mednikova M. A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Systematization of dermatoscopic signs of monomorphic rashes in mastocytosis has important practical significance.

Aim. To carry out an analysis of dermatoscopic patterns of monomorphic eruption in monomorphic maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis (mMPCM) and indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM) and compare the results obtained with pathomorphological signs of mastocytosis.

Materials and methods. The study included 6 children aged 4 to 14 years, 27 adolescents and adult aged 15 to 40 years with a monomorphic type of maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis (MPCM) and 3 patients (minimum age 18 years, maximum – 54 years) with indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM), who were under observation at Moscow scientific and practical Center of dermatovenereology and cosmetology from 2022 to 2024. Dermatoscopic examination was performed using polarization and immersion dermatoscopy with 20-fold magnification.

Results. The presence of mild vascular signs (punctate vessels) and the absence of a pigment pseudonetwork were the features of monoMPCM in children. In adolescents and adults, pigment network was detected in 77.8%, more often in men. The vascular erythematous component in adults was more intense than in children and was detected in 74.1% of patients. Yellow-brown structureless areas, brown reticular lines (pigment pseudonetwork) are due to hyperpigmentation of the basal cell layer, while the vascular pattern was the result of dilation of vessels in the papillary dermis. With ISM, a pronounced vascular pattern (intense erythematous background and reticular vascular pattern) and the obligatory presence of pseudonetwork were observed. The pathomorphological picture of ISM differed from MPCM by the presence of perivascular lymphomonocytic infiltrates and an insignificant number of eosinophilic granulocytes.

Conclusion. In this study, age-related dermatoscopic features of monomorphic rashes in mastocytosis were systematized for the first time and compared with the pathomorphological signs of MPCM and ISM.
Videostrobokymography in the diagnosis of laryngeal diseases
Authors: Gotovyakhina T. V. , Stepanova Yu. E.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Videolaryngoscopy and videolaryngostroboscopy are the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of laryngeal diseases. During a videolaryngoscopy, an anatomical and functional assessment of the state of the larynx is performed. Videolaryngostroboscopy visualizes the vibratory cycle of the vocal folds in order to provide a more detailed functional assessment. Videostrobokymography allows to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the vibratory cycle.

Aim. To evaluate the indicators of videostrobokymography in functional and organic dysphonia.

Materials and methods. 9 patients were examined. In one case, there was no pathology of the larynx. Among the functional disorders, two cases of hypofunctional and one of hyperfunctional dysphonia are presented. Organic diseases: chronic catarrhal laryngitis, Reinke’s edema, vocal fold nodules, vocal fold polyp, vocal fold injury after phonosurgery. Videolaryngoscopy, videolaryngostroboscopy, and videostrobokymography were performed. The strobokimograms were evaluated qualitatively by the presence of periodic oscillations of the vocal folds, phase and amplitude symmetry, mucous wave, the shape of lateral and medial peaks, and the shape of the gap in the opening phase. For the quantitative analysis, the opening quotient (OQ) was determined, which objectively reflected the duration of the opening phase.

Results. Normally, phase and amplitude symmetry were preserved, the mucous wave was visualized, lateral and medial peaks of vibrations were pronounced, the gap in the opening phase was in the shape of a rhomb, OQ was 0.5. Pathological changes included: a decrease in the amplitude of vibrations, an increase or decrease in the mucous wave, phase and amplitude asymmetry, a change in the shape of lateral and medial peaks, a change in the shape of the gap in the opening phase. The OQ index varied from 0.42 to 1 depending on the duration of the opening phase in various diseases of the larynx.

Conclusions. Videostrobokymography makes it possible to assess the indicators of the vibratory cycle in more detail, conduct a graphical analysis, compare the picture at different levels of the glottis, and obtain objective data. The method can be used in the in-depth diagnosis and evaluation of the results of treatment of diseases of the larynx in addition to videolaryngostroboscopy.
The role of anxiety in the development of arterial hypertension
Authors: Putilina M. V.
Published: January 2025

Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the significant problems of modern medicine, as the number of patients with this nosology is increasing catastrophically. The frequency of the combination of AH and anxiety is 38%. New data on the role of anxiety in the pathogenesis of AH will probably allow changing the strategies of long-term therapy and prevention in their comorbidity. It is necessary to more widely implement screening tests, cognitive-behavioral non-drug techniques, teach patients relaxation practices, a healthy lifestyle with limitation or complete exclusion of risk factors such as smoking and alcohol. At the same time, drug strategies should not be underestimated, as other methods begin to work quite slowly, a quick result is often needed, which can increase both adherence to basic therapy of AH and increase the effectiveness of non-drug methods. For patients with AH, a faster anxiolytic pharmacological response is important, without the development of withdrawal syndrome, the absence of competitive antagonism with basic drugs, a minimum number of side effects. Benzodiazepines are traditionally used. Given their side effects, among the first-line drugs, the atypical anxiolytic of the benzodiazepine series Tofisopam should be considered. Tofisopam is as effective as diazepam, has significantly fewer side effects and withdrawal symptoms, it increases patients’ adherence to basic therapy, and improves cognitive functions. The anxiolytic effect of the drug is not accompanied by sedative or muscle relaxant effects. At the same time, being a psychovegetative regulator, Tofisopam eliminates various forms of vegetative disorders.