bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ascariasis intestinal. Tres casos pediátricos con complicaciones severas en Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Sierra Zúñiga Marco F , Vásquez Arteaga Luis R. , Mera Mamián Andry , Méndez Jiménez Frank B. , Timaná-Imbachí Francisco J. , Romero Arcos Tania A. , Ortega-Delgado Daniel A. , Belalcázar-Hernández Ginna L. , Muñoz Orozco Henry , Cardona Narváez Tatiana
Published: March 2020

Se presentan tres casos clínicos de niños atendidos en el Hospital Universitario San José de Popayán en Cauca, Colombia, quienes consultaron por una infección severa causada por Ascaris lumbricoides. La severidad de la infección tuvo como consecuencia en el primer caso una colangitis aguda, en el segundo caso una obstrucción intestinal con peritonitis generalizada, y en el tercer caso una perforación intestinal y choque séptico. El objetivo de mostrar estos casos es dar a conocer estas presentaciones clínicas poco frecuentes en el entorno médico. Además, se resalta la importancia del conocimiento sobre esta especie de parásito, que termina siendo un problema más de salud pública, no solo en nuestro país, sino en gran parte del mundo.
PENGEMBANGAN KLOROFIL DARI DAUN SINGKONG SEBAGAI PEWARNA MAKANAN ALAMI
Authors: Rachmawati Winasih
Published: March 2020

Klorofil merupakan pigmen berwarna hijau yang banyak terdapat pada daun. Banyak sekali tanaman yang mengandung klorofil diantaranya daun pandan, daun suji, daun singkong, daun cincau dan daun kale. Kandungan klorofil yang banyak dari beberapa tanaman di Indonesia tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pewarna makanan alami. Ketidakstabilan warna dari bahan alam yang pengaruhi pH, oksidasi serta pemanasan dapat menjadi kendala dalam pembuatan pewarna alami klorofil karena dengan kondisi tersebut dapat merubah warna hijau menjadi lebih cokelat atau intensitas warna menjadi berkurang. Sehingga tidak banyak juga produsen yang membuat pewarna alami. Penggunaan pewarna sintesis lebih banyak digunakan di masyarakat karena lebih menguntungkan karena dengan pemakaian sedikit dapat memberikan warnanya lebih menarik. Penggunaan pewarna sintetik yang tidak sesuai takaran dapat menyebabkan efek yang merugikan bagi tubuh. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk pewarna makanan alami berwarna hijau yang memiliki kualitas terbaik. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengumpulan sampel daun pandan, daun suji, daun singkong, daun cincau dan daun kale. Sampel diekstraksi dengan aseton 85% kemudian ditentukan kadar total klorofil dengan spektrofotometer sinar tampak. Sampel yang mengandung kadar klorofil yang paling tinggi dilakukan optimasi kestabilan warna dengan penambahan larutan Zn2+. Sediaan pewarna alami dibuat dengan membuat variasi konsentrasi maltodekstrin 3% dan 5%. Karakteristik sediaan dilakukan dengan pengujian kadar air, kadar total klorofil dan spektrum IR. Tahap terakhir adalah aplikasi produk serbuk yang dihasilkan untuk pewarna makanan agar-agar. Dari kelima sampel daun diketahui bahwa daun singkong mempunyai kandungan total klorofil yang paling tinggi sebesar 27,162 µg/ml. Konsentrasi ZnCl2 yang dapat menjaga stabilitas warna klorofil sebesar 0,3%. Penambahan maltodekstrin 3% menghasilkan kadar air 1,65%, total klorofil dalam sediaan 22,11 µg/ml dan menghasilkan warna dalam sediaan agar-agar yang homogen.
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI DRUG INTERACTION PADA PASIEN STROKE DI RSUD MARGONO SOEKARJO PURWOKERTO
Authors: Kusuma Ikhwan Yuda
Published: March 2020

Stroke merupakan penyakit atau gangguan fungsional otak berupa kelumpuhan saraf (deficit neurologic) akibat terhambatnya aliran darah ke otak. Pasien stroke sering memperoleh lebih dari dua macam obat sehingga meningkatkan kemungkinan terjadinya interaksi obat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi interaksi obat (farmakokinetik dan farmakodinamik), severity (keparahan) dan management penanganan kejadian drug interaction sehingga dengan penelitian ini mampu meminimalisir kejadian drug interaction pada pasien stroke di RSUD Margono Soekarjo dengan pemberian terapi yang rasional.Metode penelitian ini adalah observasional retrospektif (1-30 Juli 2019). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan Stockley’s Drug Interaction, Drug Interaction Facts, www.drugs.com database dan Medscape Drug Interactions Checker. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 27 pasien stroke terdapat 77,78% pasien yang mengalami interaksi obat. persentase jenis interaksi obat dengan mekanisme farmakodinamik lebih tinggi sebanyak 36 jenis (61,40%) dibandingkan dengan jenis interaksi obat dengan mekanisme farmakokinetik sebanyak 21 jenis (38,60%) dan tingkat keparahan terbanyak adalah moderate (63,16%).
Kajian Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Pasien Geriatri di Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas
Authors: Adiana Sylvi
Published: March 2020

Hipertensi adalah penyakit kardiovaskular yang paling sering terjadi. Diabetes Melitus merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena sekresi insulin, kerja insulin atau kedua-duanya. Pasien usia lanjut (geriatri) adalah seseorang yang mencapai usia 60 (enam puluh tahun) ke atas. Pasien usia lanjut umumnya mengalami penurunan fungsi organ dan menerima bebagai macam obat, sehingga rentan Drug Related Problems (DRPs). Drug Related Problems (DRPs) merupakan suatu kondisi terkait dengan terapi obat yang secara nyata atau potensial mengganggu hasil klinis kesehatan yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisa Drug Related Problems (DRPs) pasien geriatri di Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dari 82 rekam medis periode April Juli 2019 di Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan yang mengalami kejadian DRPs. Kategori DRPs yang teridentifikasi, meliputi indikasi tanpa terapi 1 pasien (1,2%), dosis berlebih 1 pasien (1,2%) dan interaksi obat 13 pasien (15,85%).
UJI EFEK ETANOL DAUN BENALU BATU TERHADAP KREATININ UREUM TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN DIINDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN
Authors: Alaydrus Syafika
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites in the ethanol extract of the  begonia leaves, the effect of the extract and the effective dose of in blood urea and creatinine levels, the study is a laboratory experiment using a modified pretest and posttest randomized controlled group design. 25 rats as animal test were divided into 5 treatment groups, namely normal control, negative control, a dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kgBW. The result showed that the ethanol extract of the  begonia leaves contained secondary metabolites of flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin and tannin compounds; ethanol extract of parasites of rock leaves gave an effect on decreasing blood urea and creatinine levels; ethanol extract of  begonia at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW is an effective dose in reducing blood creatinine and ureum has no effect levels with an average value creatinine 0.485/dL
ANALYSIS OF RESIDUES AS METHOD FOR THE FORMALIZATION OF CHANGES IN COMPOSITION WINTER DIESEL FUEL AFTER CAVITATIONAL IMPACT
Authors: Rudenko Mihail , Vasil'cov Mark
Published: March 2020

An example of the cumulant analysis of the work and the quadratic transformation centered and non-centered random variables
DEAERATION AS A METHOD OF CORROSIVE GASES REMOVING FROM THE WATER ON HEAT ELECTRIC STANTIONS
Authors: Serebryakov Mihail , Russavskaya Natal'ya
Published: March 2020

The characteristic of methods of removal of corrosion-active gases from the water on heat electric station by the method of deaeration is considered. The using of vacuum-deaerators is discussed.
THE OFF-GAS PURIFICATION AFTER THE CATALYTIC COMPLEX PREPARATION’S STAGE OF THE ETHYLBENZENE PRODUCTION
Authors: Ul'yanov Boris , Raskulova Tat'yana , Fereferov Mihail
Published: March 2020

It is offered to carry out purification of flue gases of benzene vapors by absorption them in a nozzle column. Conditions of process are defined and the main sizes of a column are calculated.
HISTORY OF UZBEK MAKHALLA: PAST AND PRESENT
(On the example of the makhallas of Tashkent)
Authors: Usmonalievich Bobojonov Islombek
Published: March 2020

In this article, the stages of formation and development of the institution of the makhalla will be covered by the example makhallas of the Tashkent. At the same time, the importance of the latest reforms carried out to improve the institution of the makhalla is highlighted. In particular, the role of makhallas in Tashkent in the development of the management of the makhalla institution is analyzed.
KEY WORDS: makhalla, law, decree, regulation, Chairman, commission, reform, self-government body, authority.
KONSEP SESAMAKU MANUSIA DALAM LUKAS 10: 25-37
Authors: SIMANJUNTAK HORBANUS JOSUA
Published: March 2020

“Siapakah sesamaku manusia?” Pertanyaan seorang ahli Taurat ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya pemahamannya tentang “sesamanya manusia” yang hanya terbatas pada orang Yahudi saja. Pemahaman seperti ini akan cenderung membatasi perilaku untuk mengasihi orang lain di luar satu ikatan hubungan tertentu. Bahkan praktek hidup primordial seperti ini dapat merusak kesKata kunci kurang atuan dan persatuan bangsa. Karena itu, diperlukan suatu kajian eksegetis tentang konsep “sesamaku manusia” dalam Lukas 10: 25-37, supaya mendapatkan konsep yang benar tentang sesama manusia. Penulis injil Lukas menunjukkan, konsep “sesama manusia” yang harus dikasihi tidak dibatasi oleh ikatan apapun, bahkan musuh atau yang memusuhipun harus dikasihi, seperti mengasihi diri sendiri. Dengan demikian, diharapkan setiap orang untuk mengasihi sesamanya manusia, seperti dirinya sendiri. Hal ini akan berdampak terhadap harmonisasi hubungan dengan siapa saja, sehingga dapat menjaga keutuhan, kesatuan dan persatuan, seperti satu bangsa.
The Best Value Approach in Facility Management: A Case on Cleaning-Related Services
Authors: Krouwel Violette
Published: March 2020

Since Best Value was first introduced in the Netherlands in 2005 several tender procedures have been conducted following this approach, however, most documented cases have been within construction. As there is a lack of documented cases of the BVA in areas outside of construction in the Netherlands, this researches focus is to further test, explore and confirm the claims associated with the Best Value Approach and its applicability in the Facility Management (FM) industry. Using case study research, the Best Value Approach (BVA) was used to procure cleaning-related services for the Facility Management department of an organization in the energy sector. The research findings confirmed the applicability of the BVA in the FM industry through the successful identification of an FM expert supplier as the best value for the lowest cost. The results additionally confirmed the BVA to being more efficient, improve supplier risk migration measures and give a clearer view of the accepted project scope.
An Exploratory Literature Review and Analysis of Project Complexity Models
Authors: Kashiwagi Isaac
Published: March 2020

The Information Communications Technology (ICT) industry has been experiencing challenges in project performance for years. Similarly, complexity has been identified as a primary contributor to the challenges in project performance for years. As project complexity is a long-standing issue to ICT performance, an analysis is needed to identify the existing state of research within project complexity and future research necessary to progress the field of research. This study, through literature research, analyzes 19 existing complexity models, including their definitions, factors, and tools of measurement. Findings identify a theoretical definition to project complexity, a general list of 33 factors used to measure complexity and identifies the current research within project complexity to be at a theoretical and conceptual state which has not yet reached a sustained and lasting practical level to the industry. It is proposed that future research into the perception perspective on ICT project complexity may provide novel insights into ICT project complexity.
Current BIM Practices Amongst MEP Contractors and Suggestions for Improvement
Authors: Farquharson Chara , Gunnoe Jake , Rivera Alfredo
Published: March 2020

The mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP) systems are three of the most important systems within a building. These systems alone can account for 40-60% of the total construction costs for commercial building projects (Second, Hanna, 2010). It is crucial that these systems function adequately. With the technological advances within the construction industry, the push for advanced technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) has significantly increased. This research provides a detailed literature review examining how BIM is now used in the industry. BIM, a three-dimensional tool used to model a building and its components, is commonly used during the planning, design, construction and operation phases of a project. A literature search suggests that specialty trades use BIM to increase collaboration between stakeholders. Current literature suggests that according to the Best Value Approach (BVA), upfront collaboration between clients and vendors lead to inefficiencies. BVA decreases collaboration by creating a system in which clients can better utilize the expertise of high-performance vendors, without enforcing project requirements and control measures. The authors suggest that BIM usage may be more effective if paired with BVA; doing so will simplify communication from MEP experts and minimize risk caused by collaboration.
Tourism Mobility at the Summer Olympic Games Rio 2016
Authors: Cabral Amanda , Lusby Carolin , Uvinha Ricardo
Published: March 2020

Sports tourism as a segment is growing exponentially in Brazil. The sports mega-events that occurred in the period from 2007 to 2016 helped strengthen this sector significantly. This article examined tourism mobility during the Summer Olympic Games Rio 2016, hosted by the city of Rio
de Janeiro, Brazil. This study expands the understanding of the relationship between tourism and city infrastructure, therefore being relevant to academics, professionals of the area, and to the whole society due to its multidisciplinary field. The existence of a relationship between means
of transportation and the Olympic regions as well as tourist attractions for a possible legacy was observed. Data were collected from official sources, field research, and through participant observation and semistructured interviews. Data were coded and analyzed. The results indicate that
the city was overall successful in its execution of sufficient mobility. New means of transportation were added and others updated. Bus rapid transits (BRTs) were the main use of mass transport to Olympic sites. However, a lack of public transport access was observed for the touristic sites.
Modernização e industrialização da agricultura em direção a uma “fabrização” do processo de trabalho?
Authors: Costa Muls Nair
Published: March 2020

Sem resumo.
Política local e assentamentos:
Authors: Cabanilha de Souza Inês
Published: March 2020

Sem resumo.
Agricultura familiar:
Authors: Rambo Anelise Graciele , Filippi Eduardo Ernesto
Published: March 2020

Este artigo discorre sobre a temática do desenvolvimento rural. Parte-se de teorias neoclássicas até abordagens contemporâneas, destacando a emergência da defesa do local como espaço privilegiado para se pensar o desenvolvimento; bem como a redefinição do papel do Estado e da sociedade civil neste processo. Para tanto, discute-se como as políticas públicas de 1960 até os dias atuais têm concebido a relação agricultura e desenvolvimento, tomando por base as concepções de desenvolvimento apresentadas. Parte-se da hipótese de que os processos de desenvolvimento em regiões periféricas, caracterizadas pela predominância da agricultura familiar, passam por uma organização e concertação local em torno do desenvolvimento que estes atores almejam, buscando no Estado e em atores de outras escalas, apoio a demandas que o local não dá conta em responder.
Competências e aprendizagens para facilitar a inserção dos atores locais nos dispositivos de gestão territorial:
Authors: Coudel Emilie , Tonneau Jean Philippe , Rey-Valette Hélène
Published: March 2020

A descentralização das políticas públicas no Brasil necessita de instrumentos e dispositivos de gestão territorial, mas também novas competên- cias dos atores locais para inseri-los nestes novos dispositivos. Este artigo propõe-se estudar a capacidade dos atores formados na UniCampo de mobilizar os conhecimentos adquiridos em proveito do desenvolvimento territorial. Apoiar-se-á mais particularmente sobre a análise: (i) itinerários dos estudantes da UniCampo conduzidos a inscrever-se nos dispositivos de gestão e a implicar-se em interações fortemente diversificadas; (ii) modos de inserção coletiva destes atores no ambiente institucional local em termos de construção de legitimidade e capacidade de ação nos fóruns existentes, através da criação de novas instituições locais geradas pela experiência da UniCampo (valores comuns, associações dos alunos). Estes dois eixos permitem analisar os processos de aprendizagem necessários para inscrever-se “eficazmente” nos dispositivos de gestão pela mobilização de capital humano, por capital social e capital institucional. Distinguindo estas formas de capital, pode-se melhor analisar as suas particularidades de construção e os seus diferentes papéis no desenvolvimento territorial, abordando ao mesmo tempo as interações entre elas. A conclusão mostrará como a implementação de uma metodologia de pesquisa-ação transforma os modos de inserção de alunos.
Construção do agricultor “orgânico”:
Authors: Leal Pedro Fonseca
Published: March 2020

Neste texto, analiso o processo de conversão social pelo qual estão passando os agricultores do Rio da Prata, no município do Rio de Janeiro. Na literatura pertinente, esse processo aparece como passagem de agricultores “convencionais” para agricultores “orgânicos”. Como deslocamento social tem recorrentemente contado com a interferência de agentes externos, militantes engajados na objetivação de princípios concebidos como contrapostos aos “conservacionistas”. Considerando o estudo de caso, incorporo a análise dos investimentos de um representante de organização não-governamental patrocinada por recursos financeiros internacionais, considerado pelo seu papel de construção recíproca de mediador e mediados.
General English or ESP for Liberal Education? What Students Want and Why
Authors: Rebuck Mark
Published: March 2020

First-year students in Japanese universities take a variety of liberal education classes. While pharmacy/medical English classes are incorporated into most pharmacy-course curricula, the content of liberal-education English classes is usually more general. This study examines what students desire from their liberal-education English reading classes: ESP (English for Specific Purposes), GE (General English), or combinations of the two. A questionnaire was completed by 511 first-year pharmacy students over two years. Results showed that only a small minority desired wholly GE classes, with the highest percentage of students favoring ESP-orientated lessons. It also emerged that there was a degree of concordance between desired class type and (perceived) actual class type. Students’ responses to an open-ended question illuminated the merits and demerits of ESP and GE for liberal education. Comments from interviews with the teachers of the reading classes added a further perspective to the study.

日本の大学1 年生は様々な教養教育の授業をうける。ほとんどの薬学課程のカリキュラムには薬学・医療英語が盛り込まれている一方、教養教育の英語授業の内容は通常一般的なものである。本論では、1年生の教養教育の英語リーディング授業に学生達が何を望むかを検証した。ESP（特定の目的の英語）、GE（一般英語）、そしてESPとGEを組み合わせた授業型を選択肢とし、薬学部1年生511人に2年にわたりアンケートを行った。その結果、完全なGEを望んでいた学生はわずかであり、最も高い割合で望まれていたのはESPだった。しかし、学生が実際に受けていた授業形式と、希望する授業形式が一致する傾向がある程度見られた。学生の自由記述の回答では、教養教育におけるESPとGEそれぞれの長所と短所が明らかになった。本論にさらなる視点を加えるものとして、リーディング授業担当の教師達へのインタビューも行った。
Does Dyslexia Occur Among Japanese English Language Learners?
Authors: LaClare Elton
Published: March 2020

Dyslexia is the most commonly diagnosed learning disability in the English-speaking world, affecting between 10 and 20 percent of the adult population of countries such as the United States, Britain, and Canada (International Dyslexia Association, 2016). While diagnosis and treatment of dyslexia focusses on the act of reading, the underlying cause of the condition is thought to be a phonological processing disorder that inhibits an individual’s ability to identify separate speech sounds (International Dyslexia Association, 2002). Awareness of dyslexia has risen steadily among speakers of other languages, but for Japanese citizens and educators it remains a relatively unknown phenomenon. Differences in the orthography of languages affect reading in ways that can greatly impact the likelihood of an individual acquiring literacy (Paulesu et al., 2001). Understanding these influences is essential to ensuring the best outcomes for Japanese English language learners.

失読症は英語圏では一般的な学習障害であり、米国、英国、カナダなどでは成人人口の約10～20%に見られる(International Dyslexia Association, 2016;.)。失読症の診断や治療は読書する行為に着目しているが、その症状の原因は、個々の言語音(speech sounds)を聞き分ける能力を妨げる音韻（音素）処理障害と考えられている(International Dyslexia Association, 2002)。他 の言語の国々においても失読症への認識は高まっているが、日本の一般人や教育者においては未だ比較的認知されていない状態である。言語の正字法における違いは流暢に読めるようになる能力に大きく影響する(Paulesu et al., 2001)。これらの違いを理解する事は、全ての日本人英語学習者にとって最善の学習成果をもたらすために重要なものとなる。
Art in the Space of the Internet World Network: Practical Aspects
Authors: Mishchenko Maryna
Published: March 2020

The article investigates the practical aspects of the influence of the worldwide Internet network on artistic processes in modern society. Within the framework of research of modern interpretations and meanings of the screen space it is necessary to find out whether the World Wide Web space can be a valid background for displaying contemporary artistic processes.
During the study, it was found that virtually the interaction of the Internet and art on the modern stage can be manifested in the following forms:
‒ The Internet is a platform for visualizing on-screen modern art projects, including those that can exist exclusively in the net;
‒ The Internet is a powerful source of information for creative artistic ideas; it introduces already-known classical works to a wide audience but and gives a powerful impetus to new genres of art.
A person in the space of the World Wide Web can perform in several roles — the seeker, the consumer and the creator. Thus, it has been determined and argued that the influence of the Internet network on art is multifaceted and ambiguous — it can have both positive and negative colour. Despite all its advantages, the Internet at the same time can be one of the reasons for the depreciation of traditional art.
Copyright in the Contemporary Circus Art
Authors: Pospielov Oleh
Published: March 2020

The article is dedicated to the research of the problems of obtaining and protecting copyright in the circus industry, the problem of plagiarism in circus art, and the problem of professionalism in the circus performing arts. In Ukraine there is no special Law on Circuses. Because of that there are some difficulties with the application of the Law on Copyright to Circus Arts, in particular to the original stunts, acts and show programs created by circus performers and directors. In the EU, copyright issue is also an important factor for circus artists.
The circus performer as a creator of the original act needs legal protection of an individual artistic creation, but it is very difficult to prove and legally justify the individual features of a certain stunt in the circus art. Another performer may bring some small changes to the same trick, and declare it as his original one, and even prove that it differs from the one created by another artist. In the Circus Art, the reproduction and copying of stunts is more in the field of ethics than of legal issues. There is no obvious and quick solution of this problem today.
Problems of Definition and Classification of Sonic Image in the Audio-visual Culture
Authors: Zheliezniak Serafym
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the research is to identify the basis of the sonic image in audio-visual culture, to substantiate the interrelation of its elements and to demonstrate the peculiarities of its functioning. The following specific methods were used to obtain the desirable scientific results: the analysis was used to dissect the subject of the research into individual components, to study their properties, that helped to create a coherent idea of the notion of the sonic image; systematic method was used for the building of a certain structure and typology, which would allow to organize the knowledge about the sonic image in audio-visual works, to expand the toolkit for creative sound solutions; induction and comparison were used to identify the characteristics of different types of use of sound in order to create an artistic image.
In this work the foundations of sound image in audio-visual culture are considered from a new angle, an attempt is made to give a substantiated definition to this concept, to disclose its essence through the means of its creation, the expanded system of elements and a detailed analysis of their characteristics up to the archetypal level, also classification different ways of using sonic images is derived in a new way.
Existential Features of Variety Numbers With a Puppet
Authors: Neupokoiev Ruslan
Published: March 2020

The dramatic principles of the variety art puppet are fundamentally different from the principles of classical drama, the application of the principles leads to the creation of not concert numbers, but etudes, or small performances. At the empirical level, there is an understanding of the difference between the number and the etude, but the lack of a clear differentiation between them and the lack the principles by which the existence of the number becomes possible creates serious problems for practical work. Principles of classical drama, formulated in the era of the Enlightenment on the basis of the Aristotle’s unity of place, time and action, continue to dominate in the view of dramaturgy to this day. Search of the principles difference from classical ones leads us to turn to a non-classical picture of the world in general and to the philosophy of postmodernism in particular. So we apply the postmodern method of deconstruction to the subject of the research. Speaking about the binary opposition “etude and number”, let us pay attention to the broader opposition: “performance and concert”. It correlates directly with the concepts proposed by Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, described in the work “Rhizome”: “tree” and “rhizome”. The linear narrative as a performance corresponds to the “tree” concept, the nonlinear narrative as a concert number corresponds to the rhizome. Linear narrative is created according to the classical principles of decalcomania, but nonlinear narrative is created according to the rhizomatic principles of cartography. “Tree” is centred on the root – ideas, “rhizome” is not centred. Rhizome is the sum of the relationship of its points. The idea in the rhizome is secondary and may arise as a result of the relationship between points of rhizome.
Analysis and deconstruction demonstrate that the concert and the numbers from which it is composed, in contrast to the performance and the etude, are rhizomatic systems, and therefore require radically other principles of drama. Application to rysomatic systems of the cartography method proposed by Gilles Deleuze, when instead of proving meaning, meaning is born in the process of the research, may become the main method of non-classical drama. The subject of the study in the concert number is the behaviour of the function, which may be a metaphor of the phenomenon of life, embodied in a certain form in the non-inherent for this function of the proposed circumstances. The form-function and the proposed circumstances become points of the rhizome, and their interaction creates rise to the meaning of the concert number.
Principles of rhizomatic drama, built on the cartography method, can be applied not only in the concert number with the puppet, but also throughout the art of the postmodern era.
On the So-called Institutional and Self-organizing Principles of Cultural Development
Authors: Bezklubenko Serhii
Published: March 2020

This article examines the historical origins of the institutional and self-organization fundamentals of cultural creation and their modernization at present stage. The preconditions of the emergence of institutional and self-organizing forms of culture are analysed. The “dialectic” of the relations of “self-organization”, the process of formation and its development as a separate phenomenon and “institutionalization” as intermediate, if not the final result of the process of self-organization, are considered. The article reveals the “nature” of cultural growth as a spontaneous process of self-organization of society in which the formation of institutions is only a “moment” of this self-organization. The institutionalization process was observed as one of the “moments” of self-organization, and the nature of the influence of institutions on the course of this process was revealed. With regard to the “specificity” of the dialectics of the relations of “self-organization” and “institutionalization” in Ukraine, it is essentially reduced to the fact that the process of self-organization, as a rule, was subjected to negative foreign influences never, and in general, did not manifest itself in the “pure” form, since it did not run out logical end, that is completion.
Psychosocial Effects on Women Presenting with Hirsutism
Authors: Gul Riaz , Alam Mustafa , Haq Mukhtar -Ul-
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesTo determine different psychosocial effects in different classes of hirsute ladies and to assess the level of depression in them due to Hirsutism.MethodologyCross sectional study conducted for duration of three months from Jan 10, 2013 to April 30, 2013.at a private clinic of laser therapy on 115 patients who visited the clinic for treatment with some degree of Hirsutism.non probability convenient sampling technique was used for cases selection. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection which was designed with consultation of psychiatrist from lady reading hospital Peshawar. All patients of different classes were included in the study. Patients with other dermatological disorders were excluded from the study. A pilot study was conducted on 10% of sample size. . Prior consent was taken from all respondent after explaining the purpose of the study.The data was collected, tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted by SPSS Version 16 and the results were presented in form of tables and graphs.ResultsWe found in our study that majority of patients of Hirsutism who visited for treatment were of young age i.e.from15 to 25 years (82.5%) and most of them presented with some abnormal psychosocial effects.(81.4%).Abnormal psychosocial effects were found more in patients who came from urban areas(84.7%) as compared to those who came from rural areas(77.4%), more in un married females (86.3%) as compared to married (73%), more common in employed class (91.2%) as compared to un employed. When behavior of the colleagues with them due to their Hirsutism was asked it was found that most of them (83%) responded that the attitude of their colleges with them is abnormal due to their Hirsutism due to which majority of them (86.8%) hide their disease from others.to assess the level of anxiety/ depression in patients due to their disease a standard scale was used, and was found that 73 (83.2%) were having moderate to severe anxiety (score 11-21) while 16(16.8%) were having border line anxiety (score 8-10).ConclusionPatients with Hirsutism usually present with some degree of psychosocial effect which lead them to anxiety and depression. The psychosocial effects in women with Hirsutism were found more common in young age, working class ladies, un married and females residing in urban areas.RecommendationsHealth education regarding the disease, social and moral support to the patients, treatment facilities at all district levels especially laser therapy should be provided.
Efficacy and Safety of Weight Based Insulin Order for Blood Glucose Control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Tauseef Muhammad Atif , Arshad Muhammad , Zeb Shah
Published: March 2020

Objective:To determine the efficacy and safety of weight based insulin order for blood glucose control in type II diabetesmellitusStudy Design: Descriptive case series.Place and Duration of Study:Conducted in department of medicine, Naseer Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. From 6th August 2013 to 5thFeb. 2014.Methodology:This descriptive study was conducted in the department of medicine NTH Peshawar between 6th august 2013to 5th Feb.2014. A total of 292 patients were included in study based on 5% proportion of hypoglycemia ofweight based insulin order, 95% confidence level and 2.5% margin of error under WHO Software for samplesize determination. Patients were started on Weight Based Insulin order from day 1st, and their blood glucoselevels were checked every 6hr, by 48hrs of Weight Based Insulin Order efficacy (improvement in bloodglucose level of  250mg/dl from baseline) and safety (absence of hypoglycemic episode) were determined.Results:A total of 292 cases were studied in a 6 month period. The mean age of patients included in study was 59.73+ 7.33 and there were 173(59.2%) males and 119(40.8%) females. By 48hrs of Weight Based Insulin Orderefficacy (improvement of blood glucose level of 250mg/dl from baseline) was observed in 187(64.1%) whileremaining 105(35.9%) were not efficacious, safety (absence of hypoglycemic episode) was observed in272(93.2%) while remaining 20(6.8) were unsafe (with episode of hypoglycemia).Conclusion:Weight Based Insulin Order is effective and safe in type2 DM and they should be used routinely inhyperglycemic patients that are hospitalized.
Job Stress and its Influence on the Doctor’s Performance in the Public Hospital of Peshawar City, Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Waseeq , Jabeen Shah Syeda Farhana , Ahmad Waqar
Published: March 2020

The study aims to find the influence of the job stress on the doctor’s performance in the public hospitals of Peshawar city. No doubt the profession of doctors is very respectable and they are doing a good work serving the people of society but their work environment must have some sort of influence on their performance as well. That’s why this study was taken in to consideration to study the doctors’ performance in the public hospitals. This study was designed to assess the doctor’s performance in public hospitals only. Sample size was drawn on the basis of simple random sampling technique as the data was of quantitative in nature. Data was collected through a questionnaire which was developed by the research himself and to find the reliability and validity a pilot test was done with the data collection tool which showed some mistakes and those mistakes were rectified. Due to limited time period and resources of the researcher, the researcher has drawn 150 sample size of the total population of the doctors in the public hospitals of Peshawar city. A total of 150samples (50 from each public hospitals respectively of Peshawar) data were collected .Out of 150 study participants; it was observed that doctors in KTH, LRH and HMC were suffering from job stress collectively. Their performance was affected and the result of this study highlight the significant result in which it was concluded that job stress had a negative impact on the doctor’s performance in the public hospitals of Peshawar.
Predictors of Success Of Vaginal Birth After Previous Cesarean Section
Authors: Qadir Maimoona , Amir Sohail
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUNDWomen eligible for vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) have lower morbidity rates than women who undergo subsequent elective cesarean sections.Objective:To identify the obstetric parameters those influence the success of vaginal delivery in women with previous cesarean section.METHODOLOGYThis descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from 1st May 2015 to 31st April 2016.Inclusion criteria was all women of any age or parity presenting at >36weeks gestational age, with singleton pregnancy, vertex presentation, estimated fetal weight of 2.5 -3.5kg and documented previous lower uterine segment cesarean section for a non recurrent cause. Five predictors of success of vaginal birth after previous cesarean including maternal age, gestational age, and history of vaginal delivery, onset of labor and bishop score were evaluated in each patient.RESULTSOut of 100 women, 64 had VBAC and 36 had cesarean section. Fifty five were booked and 45 were non booked. Total women with history of VBAC were 24, out of these 16(66%) had VBAC and 8(33%) had repeat cesarean section. Ninety three had spontaneous onset of labor whereas 7 were induced,88 patients had Bishop score >5,out of these 61(69%) ended in VBAC and 27(30.6%) had cesarean section. The most common age group where VBAC occurred in majority was 25- 35 years. Thirty nine (61%) women had period of gestation between 38weeks to 39weeks+6days. Mean maternal age was 29.42 + 3.54 yearsCONCLUSIONHistory of vaginal delivery, spontaneous sonset of labor and Bishop score >5 are the factors which are associated with more chances of vaginal delivery after cesarean section.
Frequency of Anxiety and Its Risk Factors Among Working & Non-Working Women of Peshawar
Authors: Musa Nighat , Mehmood Yasir , Khan Asghar
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE: to determine the frequency of anxiety & its risk factors among working and non-working women.

METHODOLOGY: Study design was descriptive observational. The study duration was seven months (June – December 2016). It was a community based study.Sample size for this study was calculated on 52% prevalence of anxiety Pakistan. A total of 400 women were selected (200 working and 200 non-working women). A semi structured questionnaire was used along with Taylor manifest anxiety scale as study tool. Data was presented in the form of tables and graphs.

RESULTS:The frequency of anxiety was 58%. Anxiety was more among working women than non-working women. Most of the women were literate 65.5%. Majority of the women having anxiety were living in nuclear family. The age group most effected was between 21-35 years (67%), 58% were married, single were 34% and 8% were either divorced or widow. Approximately 58% of women with anxiety had less than 2 children and 42% were having more than 2 children. Approximately 88% women with anxiety belonged from low and middle income group having less than 20,000/-PKR and 20,001-50,000/-PKR household income respectively. Only 12% belonged from high group having more than 50,001/- PKR.Conclusions: Anxiety is more common among working women. Married women living in nuclear family system, being single, young age group between 21-35 years, less than 2 children and low household income were the key risk factors.
Causes and Presentation Of Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Bangash Arifullah , Hassan Syed Zafar , Muhammad Ghulam
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVETo determine the proportion of cervical lymphadenopathy in systemic diseases, their presentation and investigative tools.METHODOLOGYThis descriptive study was carried out from 1st July 2014 to 30 June 2017 in ENT and head and neck department Naseer Teaching Hospital and Town Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Total of 270 patients with enlarged cervical lymph nodes, of either sex and of any age were approached for inclusion into the study. Patients with suspected acute inflammation were given a trial of antibiotic and followed for two weeks were excluded from the study. Excisional biopsy of the lymph nodes was performed in all these patients with six weeks or more duration.RESULTSIn our study out of 270 patients, 158 (58.5%) were males and the majority of patients (63.3%) had ages from 11-40 years. Tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy was diagnosed in 145 (53.7%) patients, reactive hyperplasia in 53 (19.6%), lymphoma in 32 (11.8 %,) metastasis to cervical lymph nodes in 30 (11.1%), sarcoidosis in 7 (2.6%) and other very rare conditions as Kawasaki, Kikuchie and Rosi Dorfman were found in only one of each (0.4%). About 136 (50.4%) of the patients had involvement of multiple lymph nodes while 134 (49.6%) had single swelling. The matted lymph nodes were found in 162 (60%) whereas discrete lymph nodes were found in only 108 (40%) cases. Cold abscess was found in 19 (7%) of patients.CONCLUSIONTuberculosis is the commonest cause of cervical lymphadenopathy, with the majority of these patients having multiple lymph node involvement. In children, usually cervical lymphadenopathy is reactive or infective while in older age mostly metastatic.
Assessment of Poisoning Incidences due to Use of Household Substances in Peshawar
Authors: Yousaf Muhammad , Ansari Rizwan Zafar , Tanoli Aftab Alam , Rehman Inayat Ur , Gul Riaz
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to determine the trend of poisoning due to household substances in Peshawar.METHODOLOGY:This was a retrospective observational study. All the information related to poisoning including mode of transmission, duration of poisoning, demographic information, duration of hospital stay, name of poison, amount of poison ingested, inhaled and intension of poisoning was from the medical record room of Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH) casualty department. The cases reported with a history of household poisoning were recorded for a period of one year from February 2016 to January 2017.RESULTS:Among the total 217 patients, males female ratio was 1.3:1 where male 114 (51%) whereas 104 (49%) females, whereas intensity to commit suicide is more in females. Tablet overdose cases were 73 (34%) and poisoning due to common household poisons such as mosquito repellant, rat killer poison, kerosene oil, detol and detergents were 87 (36%). Victims inhaled and ingested Organophosphorous accidently and intentionally were 62 (28%). Suicidal tendency was determined to be a hallmark among females. The age group between 18 to 31 year were found highly motivated to harm themselves. It was showed 196 (91%) patients consume with intention of suicide and only 20 (9%)were found accidental victims of poisoning.CONCLUSION:It was concluded that easy accesses to anti psychotic drugs without registered doctor’s prescription, self medication, over dosage and rat killing pills were found the most prevalent cause of poisoning among victims belonging to low socioeconomic status. It was also indicated in the study that most of the accidental incidents happed at home when victim was either alone or left unattended.
Community Pharmacy Practices in Timergara City Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Haq Siraj Ul , Ayub Ayaz , Khan Muhammad Hamayun , Hussain Hamid
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES: To assess the community pharmacy practices in Timergara City in view of the standards set by the Drug Regulatory Authorities of Pakistan (DRAP).

METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey of community pharmacies, Timergara city, was conducted from 2nd October to 28th November 2016. Out of 155 community pharmacies 149 community pharmacies participated in the study. The data was collected on structured questionnaire. Face to face interview technique was used for data collection.

RESULTS: Among these pharmacies only 02 (01%) dispensers were qualified pharmacist with a Pharm-D degree, 08 (05%) had B-Pharm degree, 80 (54%) had diploma in pharmacy and 59 (40%) had passed the pharmacy examination. Majority of community pharmacies 141 (95%) were selling medicines without prescription. In 140 (94%) of pharmacies, there were no arrangements for the control of insects, rodents and birds to prevent and eliminate possible infestation. In 140 (94%) pharmacies the medicines were stored on the floor, stairs and passageways due to lack of space. Only one pharmacy had temperature monitoring device and 19 (13%) pharmacies had refrigerators. Majority of the pharmacies 113 (76%) were using register for keeping record of the sale and purchase medicines. In 128 (86%) pharmacies the entrance was not accessible to the peoples with physical disabilities.

CONCLUSION: The community pharmacy practices in Timergara City was ineffectual with inexperienced staff, lack of prescription and security, and medicines were not stored according to the Drug Regulatory Authorities of Pakistan.
Correlation Between Glycosylated Haemoglobin and Thyroid Function Tests in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Qaisar Ayesha , Sultana Riffat , Ayub Khan Jibran Umar
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to determine the frequency of undetected dysfunction of thyroid in patients with diabetes, determination of correlation between glycosylated Hb and thyroid hormones, and to find out the relationship between blood glucose control and function of thyroid in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison to normal individuals. METHODOLOGY:This study was carried out at Department of Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. It was a cross sectional study. A sample size of 358 subjects was taken using non-probability consecutive sampling in which 179 had type-2 diabetes and 179 were healthy normal subjects. Based on the results, they were classified into either hypothyroid or hyper thyroid categories, and then a comparison was done with HbA1c to determine their correlation. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 23. RESULTS: The mean age of both the groups was 54.35 ± 9.38 years and 42.66 ± 9.20 years respectively on comparison of median (as data lacked normality) and mean ages of cases was much higher as while drawing comparison to control group with p-value less than 0.001. In these cases, the total number of male patients were 62 (34.64%) and females were 117 (65.36%) while in controls the males and females were 124 (69.27%) and 55 (30.73%) respectively. In these cases, the number of hypothyroid patients were 13 (7.3%), hyperthyroid individuals were 26 (14.5%) and 11(6.1%) cases had subclinical hyperthyroidism. Normal thyroid function was found in all controls. In these cases, a weak positive correlation was found between HBA1c and T3 (r=0.239, p-value 0.001). Also, there was an insignificant correlation with T4 (r= - 0.017, p-value = 0.817) and correlation of insignificant nature found with TSH (r= -0.036, p-value = 0.634). Among controls same (insignificant) correlation was found between Glycosylated Hb and T3 (r= 0.070 p-value = 0.352), a weak positive correlation with T4 (r= 0.238, p-value = 0.001) and a moderate negative relationship with thyroid stimulating hormone (r= - 0.586, p-value <0.001). CONCLUSION: Early detection of thyroid dysfunction in diabetic patients can prevent complications and leads to optimum control of blood glucose level.
BODENORDNUNG IN STÄDTISCHEN VERDICHTUNGSGEBIETEN DER BUNDES REPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND
Authors: Weiß Erich
Published: March 2020

Die wesentlichen Aspekte der besonderen Bedeutung des Grundeigentums in der Bundesrepublik
Deutschland werden zusammengestellt. Daraus werden die Aufgaben der öffentlich-rechtlichen Bodenordnung in der Bundesrepublik
Deutschland abgeleitet und das zugrundeliegende System der Bodennutzungsplanung erläutert. Schlußendlich werden
für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland die wichtigen öffentlich-rechtlichen Bodenordnungsinstrumente mit ihren privatnützigen
und fremdnützigen Ausprägungen vorgestellt.