bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progress in controlling the transmission of schistosome parasites in Southern Ethiopia – the Geshiyaro project in the Wolaita Zone
Authors: Mengsitu Birhan , Liyew Ewnetu Firdawek , Chernet Melkie , Tasew Geremew , Gomez Santiago Rayment , Maddren Rosie , Collyer Benjamin , Anjulo Ufaysa , Tamiru Adugna , Forbes Kathryn , Mehari Zelalem , Deribe Kebede , Yadeta Teshale , Salasibew Mihretab , Tollera Getachew , Anderson Roy
Published: September 2023

Background
This paper describes changes in the prevalence and intensity of schistosome parasite infections in a project integrating mass drug administration (MDA), water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH), and behavioral change interventions.
Method
The Geshiyaro project has three intervention arms. Arm 1 is divided into two subgroups: “Arm 1 pilot” with one district, and Arm 1 with four other districts. Both groups received integrated community-wide MDA, WaSH and behavioral change interventions. Arm 2 includes 17 districts with community-wide MDA, while Arm 3, which was used as a control has implemented school-based MDA in three districts. The participants were randomly assigned to five age groups (0–4, 5–14, 15–19, 20–35, and 35 + years) with equal sizes. The number of individuals in each arm was 584 for Arm 1 pilot, 1636 for Arm 1, 2203 for Arm 2, 2238 for Arm 3. The prevalence and intensity of infection were compared across different arms using statistical tests.
Result
The prevalence of schistosome parasite infection ranged from 0–2.6%, and 1.7–25.7%, across districts respectively employing the Kato Katz (KK) and Point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) diagnostics. The mean infection intensity level employing both diagnostics did not show any marked difference at baseline and follow-up surveys when measured by (KK) except in Arm 2 (t = 6.89, p < 0.0001). Infection prevalence reduced significantly in Arm 1 (t = 8.62, p < 0.0001), Arm 2 (t = 6.94, p < 0.0001) and Arm 3 (t = 8.83, p < 0.0001) but not in Arm 1 pilot (t = 1.69, p = 0.09) by POC-CCA, when trace was considered positive. The decrease was significant only in Arm 1 (t = 3.28, p = 0.0001) and Arm 2 (t = 7.62, p < 0.0001) when the trace was considered negative in POC-CCA. Arm 2 demonstrated significant difference in difference (DID) compared to the control group, Arm 3, regardless of whether trace in POC-CCA was considered positive (DID = 3.9%, df = 8780, p = 0.025) or negative (DID=-5.2, df = 8780, p-value = 0.0004).
Conclusion
The prevalence of schistosomiasis was low by KK but moderate in some locations by POC-CCA diagnostics. The infection level has decreased across all arms of the Geshiyaro study at mid-term of the seven-year project but more needs to be done to reduce the rate of parasite transmission based on the POC-CCA diagnostic scores.
Efficacy of an oral formulation of afoxolaner and milbemycin oxime against Tunga penetrans in naturally infested dogs
Authors: Santos Katharine Costa , Tielemans Eric , Cutolo Andre Antonio , Guedes Paula Elisa Brandão , Harvey Tatiani Vitor , Teixeira Jamille Bispo Carvalho , Vitor Rebeca Costa , Sevá Anaiá Paixão , Navarro Adan William Melo , Lima Ana Carolina Ribeiro , Botteon Karin Denise , Bittar Thammy Vieira , Albuquerque George Rêgo , Borges Fernando Almeida , Beugnet Frederic , Carlos Renata Santiago Alberto
Published: September 2023

Background
The sand flea Tunga penetrans is one of the agents of tungiasis, an important parasitic skin disease affecting humans and their co-living mammalian animals. Tungiasis is mainly observed in disadvantaged rural and peripheral urban communities in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. The dog is a major reservoir of Tunga fleas. Hematophagous adult female Tunga spp. embed and grow in their host’s epidermis and cause cutaneous inflammatory disorders. NexGard Spectra® (IVP) is an oral endectocide product for dogs combining the isoxazoline afoxolaner and the macrocyclic lactone milbemycin oxime. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of this product against canine tungiasis.
Methods
A blinded, negative-controlled field trial was conducted in a Brazilian community known to be highly endemic for tungiasis. Sixty-six (66) dogs naturally infested with live T. penetrans were randomly allocated to a treated group (44 dogs) and an untreated control group (22 dogs). In a first phase, dogs from the treated group were treated on Days 0, 30 and 60. Efficacy was evaluated on the basis of the macroscopical aspect of the parasitic skin lesions (Fortaleza classification), on Days 7, 14, 21, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90. In a second phase, all dogs were treated on Day 90 and evaluated every two weeks until at least 30% of dogs were infested with live sand fleas.
Results
During the first phase, an efficacy (reduction of live sand fleas) of 92.4% was demonstrated on Day 7. From Day 14 and until Day 90, the efficacy of the IVP was 100%. In the second phase all dogs were free of live T. penetrans from Day 15 until Day 45 after treatment, 11% of dogs were re-infested at Day 60 post-treatment, and 40% were re-infested at Day 75 post-treatment.
Conclusions
NexGard Spectra® was demonstrated highly efficient against canine tungiasis. In addition to an obvious beneficial effect on the health and welfare of the treated dog, the use of this product may have a one-health benefit on human cases by controlling the main reservoir of sand fleas.
Analysis of Meshing Safety for High-Speed Gears under Complex Loads and Stochastic Excitations
Authors: Li Xuguang
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to comprehensively analyze the complex meshing conditions faced by multi-factor gear under high-speed operating conditions in order to ensure the safety of the meshing condition and improve the dynamic performance of the gear system. Through numerical simulation, the safety of the system's meshing states is determined and the effect of stochastic excitation on the transition of response states is analyzed to gain insight into the dynamic characteristics of the system. The research findings reveal the influence of parameter on the dynamic performance and reliability of the gear system. Under high-speed and light-load conditions, it was observed that the system operates in a relatively safe state with unilateral disengagement collision meshing state when the stiffness is high. However, as the stiffness decreases, there is a possibility of unsafe bilateral collision meshing states occurring. Conversely, under high-speed and heavy-load conditions, the system demonstrates improved safety. Furthermore, in the presence of stochastic excitation, increasing the stiffness amplitude leads to a decrease in the time required for the system's response transition. In conclusion, the results of this study provide valuable references for selecting and optimizing gear system parameters, enabling the achievement of a more reliable and efficient transmission.
Synthesis and properties of a bio-based plasticizer derived from fatty acid methyl ester of erucic acid
Authors: Jadhav Pravin D. , Girase Chetan D. , Kulkarni Ravindra D. , Patwardhan Anand V. , Unnithan Unnikrishnan R.
Published: September 2023

Using bio plasticizers with nontoxicity and excellent biocompatibility in a wide range of polymer applications is becoming increasingly important. In this study, a bio plasticizer was synthesized by epoxidizing erucic acid fatty acid methyl ester. The final product was compared to a conventional plasticizer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) was used to confirm the structures of bio-based plasticizers (1H NMR). The bio plasticizer was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). To assess the efficacy of plasticization, mechanical characteristics of the films and migration tests were performed. Mechanical testing of bio plasticizers reveals that they function similarly to conventional plasticizers. The bio plasticizer plasticizing action was further validated by a shift in glass transition temperature (Tg) towards lower temperatures in the plasticized films.
Effects of Introvision, a self-regulation method with a mindfulness-based perception technique in migraine prevention: a monocentric randomized waiting-list controlled study (IntroMig Study)
Authors: Empl Monika , Löser Sonja , Spille Petra , Rozwadowska Agnieszka , Ruscheweyh Ruth , Straube Andreas
Published: September 2023

Background: Migraine is a brain disorder with recurrent headache attacks and altered sensory processing. Introvision is a self-regulation method based on mindfulness-like perception techniques, developed at the University of Hamburg. Here, we examined the effect of Introvision in migraine prevention.
Methods: Migraineurs with at least five headache days per month were block-randomized to the experimental group (EG) or waiting list group (WL), the latter starting Introvision training six weeks after the EG. Participants learned Introvision in six weekly on-site group sessions with video-conference support followed by three individual video-conference sessions. Headache diaries and questionnaires were obtained before Introvision training and three months after the last individual Introvision session.
Results: 51 patients completed the study. The primary outcome, headache days of the EG after Introvision training compared to those of the WL before the training, showed no significant effect (10.6+/-7.7, n=22; vs. 10.9 +/- 6.3, n=29, p=0.63; Mann-Whitney-U-Test). The secondary outcome, comparing pooled EG and WL data before and after Introvision training, revealed a significant reduction of headache days (from 11.7+/- 6.5 to 9.8+/-7.0; p=0.003; Wilcoxon-paired-Test) as well as of acute medication intake and Headache-Impact-Test 6 (HIT-6) scores and increased self-efficacy as quantified by increased FKMS-scores.
Conclusion: Although the study did not reach its primary endpoint, several secondary outcome parameters showed an improvement of migraine after Introvision training with a decrease in monthly headache days by 1.9 days/ month.
Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT03507400, Registration date 09.03.2018
Lead generation of UPPS inhibitors targeting MRSA: Using 3D- QSAR pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations
Authors: Qandeel Basma M. , Mowafy Samar , Abouzid Khaled , Farag Nahla A.
Published: September 2023

Due to the threat of emerging antibiotic resistance, the quest for new antibacterial agents remains an essential endeavor in drug discovery. Bacterial resistance can be combated by using inhibitors that work on a different mechanism than current antibiotics thus avoiding cross-resistance by targeting new enzymes in the same pathway. Undecaprenyl Pyrophosphate Synthase (UPPS) is a vital target enzyme located in the very early steps of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. UPPS inhibitors were found to have anti-bacterial activity on resistant strains such as MRSA and VRE when used alone or in combination with current agents. We used several consecutive computer-based protocols to identify novel UPPS inhibitors. The 3D QSAR pharmacophore generation (HypoGen algorithm) methodology in Discovery studio 4.1 was adopted to generate a valid predictive pharmacophore model utilizing a set of UPPS inhibitors with known reported activity. The generated model consists of four features: one Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA), two Hydrophobic (HYD), and one Ring Aromatic (RA). It had a correlation coefficient of 0.86 and a null cost difference of 191.39 reflecting its high predictive power. Hypo1 was proven statistically significant using Fischer's randomization at 95% confidence level. The validated pharmacophore model was used for the virtual screening of several databases (ZINC15 library, drug-like Diverse, Mini Maybridge, and scPDB). The resulting hits were filtered using SMART and Lipinski's filters. The hits were docked into the binding site of the UPPS protein (PDB ID: 5KH5) affording 70 hits with higher docking affinities than the reference compound (6TC, − 21.17 Kcal/mol). The top five hits were eventually elected through extensive docking analysis and visual inspection based on docking affinities, fit values, and key residue interactions with the UPPS receptor. Molecular dynamic simulations of the top five hit-protein complexes were performed using Discovery Studio (DS) to confirm the stability of the protein-ligand complexes. As a result, these promising five hit molecules may be considered as promising novel UPPS inhibitors.
Inline and continuous gas monitoring in
gastrointestinal tract models with carbon
nanotube-based chemiresistive sensors
Authors: Vasquez Sahira , Angeli Martina Aurora Costa , Polo Andrea , Costantini Alice , Petrelli Mattia , Enrico Avancini , Cagno Raffaella Di , Gobbetti Marco , Gaiardo Andrea , Valt Matteo , Lugli Paolo , Petti Luisa
Published: September 2023

In-vitro simulators of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract are remarkable technological platforms for studying the impact of
food on the gut microbiota, enabling continuous and real-time monitoring of key biomarkers. In these systems, comprehensive
real-time monitoring of gaseous biomarkers is required with a cost-effective approach, which has been challenging to perform
experimentally to date. In this work, we demonstrate the integration and in-line use of carbon nanotube (CNT)-based
chemiresitive gas sensors coated with a thin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane for the continuous monitoring of gases
within the Simulator of the Human Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®). The findings demonstrate the ability of the gas sensor to
continuously monitor the different phases of gas production in this harsh, anaerobic, highly humid, and acidic environment for a
long exposure time (16 h) without saturation. Our findings thus provide a successful sensor platform for monitoring gaseous
biomarkers in real time in an in-vitro system such as SHIME®.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MAXILLARY ADVANCEMENT PROTOCOLS IN PATIENTS WITH UNILATERAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE: A FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Akdemir Guleser , Coskuner Hande Gorucu
Published: September 2023

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distributions and possible amount of movement in the maxillofacial region resulted from different maxillary advancement protocols in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.
Material and Methods
A model with unilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP model) was created for finite element analysis. Three different protocols were compared: (1) usage of a face mask with elastics over a conventional acrylic plate; (2) usage of a face mask with elastics over miniplates placed in the infrazygomatic crest region; (3) usage of elastic from the menton plate placed in the mandible to the infrazygomatic plates in the maxilla.
Results
Dental effects were greater in the protocol with a face mask over a conventional acrylic plate, whereas skeletal effects were greater in maxillary protraction protocols using skeletal anchorage. The maximum amount of counterclockwise rotation of the maxilla was observed in traditional acrylic plate face mask protocol.
Conclusions
Skeletally anchored face mask caused more skeletal impact and displacement than other models. Clockwise rotation of the mandible was observed in the face mask model, while counterclockwise rotation was observed in the model with infrazygomatic plates and menton plate.
Clinical relevance:
When planning maxillary protraction treatment in patients with cleft lip and palate, it should be considered that more movement in the sagittal plane might be expected on the cleft side than the non-cleft side, and miniplate and screws on the cleft side are exposed to more stress when using infrazygomatic plates as skeletal anchorage.
Between benefits and sacrifices: a study of the value perceived by users of a Bicycle-Sharing-System (BSS)
Authors: Silva Marianny , Cerqueira Kaetana , de Moura Maria , de Lima Maria , Delfino Lorena , Santos Anne
Published: September 2023

Bicycle-Sharing-Systems offer a modal alternative for urban mobility, allowing individuals to use bicycles without the burden of ownership while reducing carbon emissions. Previous research has emphasized the importance of considering the perceived values of those interested and involved in BSS. Thus, the objective of this study was to understand the benefits and sacrifices perceived by users of a specific system, namely Bike PE-Brazil System. Using a qualitative approach, this article collected data through direct observations and semi-structured interviews. The collected data was analyzed using Social-hermeneutic Discourse Analysis. Several dimensions were identified that shape BSS users' perception of value. These dimensions were categorized into the core benefit of value, which is access to bicycle usage, and motivators and inhibitors that influence users' perception and their continued engagement with the BSS. The findings led to the development of a theoretical model of value for BSS, encompassing motivators in economic, social, environmental, and cultural spheres, as well as inhibitors related to emotional, physical, time, research, and additional monetary costs, along with functional and physical risks. This theoretical model provides a structural perspective that expands the existing literature on sharing practices, emphasizing the role of value in ensuring the continued use of BSS.
Risk Factors for Hospital-Based Surgical Site Infections
Authors: Harikumar Vishnu , Anvery Noor , Haq Misha , Christensen Rachel E. , Ahmed Areeba , Koza Eric , Ma Melissa , Shi Victoria , Dirr McKenzie A. , Worley Brandon , Brieva Joaquin C. , Yoo Simon S. , Alam Murad
Published: September 2023

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) contribute to morbidity and are costly to the healthcare system.
Objective: To identify factors associated with SSIs.
Methods: Case-control study analyzing the Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD).
Results: We identified 45,445 SSIs. Infection rates were higher in those who were obese (BMI ≥ 30) (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.28-1.51); tobacco users (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02-1.15); diagnosed with diabetes (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.10-1.22); with Elixhauser Comorbidity Index ≥2 (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.20), admitted to hospital for 4-6 days (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.29-1.42); in medium size hospital (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05-1.26); or large-size hospital (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.31-1.56). In contrast, patients who were 60-79 years old (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.73-0.84); 80 years or older (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.59-0.73); female (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.99); underweight (BMI < 18.5) (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03-0.59); in a non-metropolitan hospital (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75-0.91); self-pay (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.74-0.91); or covered by Medicare (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.80-0.91) had lower odds.
Limitations: Initial data entry to NRD is susceptible to human error.
Conclusions: Patients who are obese, use tobacco, have multiple comorbidities, and have long hospital stays in medium-to-large size hospitals are at risk of SSIs. Conversely, odds of SSIs are
lower in females, age ≥ 60, BMI < 18.5, self-pay or Medicare (versus private insurance), or at smaller hospitals. Understanding factors associated with SSIs may help surgeons anticipate complications.
[2+2] photocyclized Push-Pull Type Quaternary Cyclobutane: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Spectroscopy and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Ji Zhouqun , Yang Ting , Su Jingkang , Tang Wei , Gu Tingting , Xu Haijun , Liang Xu
Published: September 2023

Herein, a push-pull type stilbene compound and its [2 + 2] photocyclized cyclobutane derivative were synthesized and isolated. The structure characterizations were performed by mass, NMR, crystal structure, and TG-DSC analysis. In addition, the electronic structures and structure-property relationships of the molecules have been analyzed by comparing their redox and optical properties. Considering cyano-contained cyclobutane is a highly active organic molecule that can be widely applied in various fields, the Interactions with ctDNA and antitumor behavior of these synthetic compounds were also evaluated.
Forecasting of COVID- 19 cases using Statistical Models and Ontology-based Semantic Modelling: A real time data analytics approach
Authors: TIWARI SADHANA , CHANDRA RITESH , AGARWAL SONALI
Published: September 2023

SARS-COV-19 is the most prominent issue which many countries face today. The frequent changes in infections, recovered and deaths represents the dynamic nature of this pandemic. It is very crucial to predict the spreading rate of this virus for accurate decision making against fighting with the situation of getting infected through the virus, tracking and controlling the virus transmission in the community. We develop a prediction model using statistical time series models such as SARIMA and FBProphet to monitor the daily active, recovered and death cases of COVID-19 accurately. Then with the help of various details across each individual patient (like height, weight, gender etc.), we designed a set of rules using Semantic Web Rule Language and some mathematical models for dealing with COVID-19 infected cases on an individual basis. After combining all the models, a COVID-19 Ontology is developed and performs various queries using SPARQL query on designed Ontology which accumulate the risk factors, provide appropriate diagnosis, precautions and preventive suggestions for COVID Patients. After comparing the performance of SARIMA and FBProphet, it is observed that the SARIMA model performs better in forecasting of COVID cases. On individual basis COVID case prediction, approx. 497 individual samples have been tested and classified into five different levels of COVID classes such as Having COVID, No COVID, High Risk COVID case, Medium to High Risk case, and Control needed case.
Infrared stereo camera matching portable navigation reproduces accurate acetabular cup placement during total hip arthroplasty: A matched cohort study
Authors: Hayashi Shinya , Tachibana Shotaro , Kuroda Yuichi , Nakano Naoki , Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Kamenaga Tomoyuki , Tsubosaka Masanori , Kuroda Ryosuke
Published: September 2023

Background
Positioning of the acetabular cup during total hip arthroplasty (THA) is important for early and long-term outcomes; however, accurate cup positioning is difficult even for experienced surgeons. This study compared the accuracy of an infrared stereo camera-matching portable navigation system for cup positioning during THA in the lateral decubitus position.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 104 THA patients who underwent surgery using either infrared stereo camera-matching portable navigation (n = 40) or non-navigation control (n = 64). Patients underwent THA via the anterolateral approach in the lateral decubitus position using a portable navigation system. Patient characteristics including age, body mass index, sex, treated side, target inclination, and target anteversion were adjusted by propensity score matching. Subsequently, we assessed navigation records for intraoperative cup angles, postoperative cup angles measured on CT images, cup angle measurement errors, and other clinical parameters.
Results
The mean absolute difference in radiographic anteversion between patients with use of navigation and non-navigation was smaller after propensity score matching (3.4 ± 3.1° vs. 5.6 ± 3.0°, p = 0.047). Navigation error (absolute difference in anteversion between postoperative CT and navigation records of > 5°) was significantly associated with posterior pelvic tilt in the navigation group (OR, 1.27; p = 0.030, 95% CI, 1.02–1.57).
Conclusions
Infrared stereo camera matching portable navigation provides clinically comparable precision and accuracy to determine the orientation of cup placement compared to non-navigation during THA in the lateral decubitus position. Clinicians should consider the use of this navigation system in patients with posterior pelvic tilt during THA.
A class of estimators for finite population mean of a sensitive variable using Optional Randomized Response Technique(ORRT) Models
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Singh Housila P , Rani Chanda , Gupta Rahul
Published: September 2023

Due to the sensitivity of questions, the surveyor finds difficult to record correct responses from respondent,which further increase the non-sampling errors. In this paper, we addresses the social desirability bias, non-response and measurement error simultaneously for the estimation of population mean of sensitive variable under the setup of Optional Randomized Response Technique Models. The properties of the suggested class of estimators have been studied and efficiency conditions have been obtained by comparing it with other existing estima-tors. Theoretical findings are supported by a empirical study through simulation models and shows significant results.
Optimizing malaria vector control: A systematic review and mathematical modelling study to identify desirable characteristics of novel tools in different settings
Authors: Wang Yuqian , Chitnis Nakul , Fairbanks Emma
Published: September 2023

Background: In the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), situated within Southeast Asia, multidrug-resistant malaria and insecticide resistance have been found, threatening malaria control and elimination. New vector-control tools targeting mosquitoes that bite outside, bite during the daytime, and are resistant to insecticide are needed. The potential of tools likely depends on their modes of action and the bionomics of the local vectors. Previously, vector-control tool selection has been supported by sensitivity analysis of vectorial capacity.
Methods: In this paper, we conducted systematic literature research to generate a bionomic dataset of the main malaria vectors in the GMS, including human blood index (HBI), parity proportion (rate), sac proportion (rate), and the resting period duration. We then used descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to analyze these bionomics. Finally, we performed global sensitivity analyses, Latin hypercube sampling-partial rank correlation coefficients (LHS-PRCC), and Sobol’s method to assess the influence of bionomic and intervention parameters on the relative change of vectorial capacity and intervention effectiveness.
Results: Our review shows that the An. minimus complex, An. sinensis, An. maculatus group, and An. sundaicus complex displays an opportunistic blood-feeding behavior, while An. dirus complex is more anthropophilic. Multivariate regression analysis shows that parity proportion is affected by environmental, climatic, and mosquito sampling factors. The resting duration is 2--3 days in hot rainy seasons and 4--6 days in a cool dry seasons. Global sensitivity analysis demonstrated that HBI and parity proportion are the most influential bionomic parameters, followed by the resting period duration. In a low HBI setting, preprandial killing, disarming, and repelling have similar impacts on model output, and are more influential than postprandial killing. However, preprandial killing has the most decisive impact in a high HBI/parity proportion setting.
Conclusions: HBI, parity proportion, sac proportion, and the resting period duration of the main malaria vectors vary in the GMS, depending on biological, environmental, or measurement differences. Although in general, preprandial killing has the largest community-level effect on reducing transmission, in low HBI settings other modes of action, such as repellency and disarming, can be effective.
Estimating the life-history parameters of the white prawn, Palaemon longirostris (Crustacea: Palaemonidae), in a temperate European estuary
Authors: de Carvalho-Souza Gustavo F. , Cuesta Jose A. , González-Ortegón Enrique
Published: September 2023

Life history parameters are indicators of stock structure and for the dynamics of biological populations. In this work, we examine multiple life-history parameters (size distribution, growth, mortality, and longevity) of Palaemon longirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837 inhabiting the estuarine temperate waters of the Guadalquivir estuary through size-frequency distribution data obtained from June 1997 to May 1999. Sexual dimorphism in size was evident, as females displayed a larger body size than males. The carapace length-weight relationship indicated a negative allometric growth pattern in both sexes. Additionally, the growth performance index indicated a higher value for females (Φ = 2.50) compared to males (Φ = 2.33). The recruitment pattern analysis of P. longirostris indicated that females experienced a greater recruitment rate from March to August, while males exhibited a higher recruitment rate between April and July. Our study found that natural and fishing mortality rates were similar among male P. longirostris, whereas fishing mortality had a smaller effect on the overall mortality of females. The exploitation rates for both male and female stocks were optimally balanced. These findings, more than increasing our understanding of the life-history strategies of P. longirostris, garner data used to understand the ongoing effects of climate change upon this species.
Continuously varying critical exponents in long-range quantum spin ladders
Authors: Adelhardt Patrick , Schmidt Kai P.
Published: September 2023

We investigate the quantum-critical behavior between the rung-singlet phase with hidden string order and the Néel phase with broken SU(2)-symmetry in quantum spin ladders with algebraically decaying unfrustrated long-range Heisenberg interactions. To this end, we determine high-order series expansions of energies and observables in the thermodynamic limit about the isolated rung-dimer limit. This is achieved by extending the method of perturbative continuous unitary transformations (pCUT) to long-range Heisenberg interactions and to the calculation of generic observables. The quantum-critical breakdown of the rung-singlet phase then allows us to determine the critical phase transition line and the entire set of critical exponents as a function of the decay exponent of the long-range interaction. We demonstrate long-range mean-field behavior as well as a non-trivial regime of continuously varying critical exponents implying the absence of deconfined criticality contrary to a recent suggestion in the literature.
Loop counting matters in SMEFT
Authors: Buchalla Gerhard , Heinrich Gudrun , Müller-Salditt Christoph , Pandler Florian
Published: September 2023

We show that, in addition to the counting of canonical dimensions, a counting of loop orders is necessary to fully specify the power counting of Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). Using concrete examples, we demonstrate that considering the canonical dimensions of operators alone may lead to inconsistent results. The counting of both, canonical dimensions and loop orders, establishes a clear hierarchy of the terms in SMEFT. In practice, this serves to identify, and focus on, the potentially dominating effects in any given high-energy process in a meaningful way. Additionally, this will lead to a consistent limitation of free parameters in SMEFT applications.
Sustainable project management for humanitarian disasters and refugee crisis management: Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Ahmad Saadi Shahbaz , Gokce Uygur , Dunay Anna
Published: September 2023

This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of the literature on sustainable project management in crisis management, particularly in humanitarian disasters, using the Scopus database. After filtration and abstract screening of 115,737 (1980–2022), only 544 related articles were identified and analyzed graphically using VoSviewer (visualization of similarities) to create maps of co-occurrence, co-authorship, and citations. The analysis provided an understanding of the most frequent keywords, key authors, journals, affiliations, and contributing countries in the literature on project management and crisis management. The trends observed in this study’s results highlight the significance of sustainable project management within the realm of disaster management. This study examines the bibliometric parameters and indices as measures of research success and their potential implications for grant funding sources, universities, governments, and organizations. The findings suggest that bibliometric parameters and indices could be increasingly utilized by grant funding sources as metrics to evaluate research success. Universities and research institutions may consider incorporating benchmarking standards based on bibliometric data into promotion and tenure guidelines to determine academic achievement. Furthermore, governments and organizations may also benefit from establishing benchmark standards to enhance sustainability in disaster management projects. Although Scopus has limitations that prefer certain fields, this study provides avenues for future research, including using other databases and conducting a comparative study between Scopus and WoS (Web of Science) to determine their strengths and weaknesses.
Essencelessness, Lack of Self and the Abject Human Condition: Rethinking Jibanananda Das’s “Bodh”
Authors:   Department of English, Jamaldaha TDH School, Coochbehar, West Bengal, Das Biswarup
Published: September 2023

The present article strives to explore the “nausea” that emerges in an individual from the sense of the lack of a priori meaning in the world and the non-existence of the self through the development of the persona’s thoughts in Jibanananda Das’s 1930 poem “Bodh.” The persona is found perturbed by a flummoxing “sense” right at the outset. His striving to comprehend what the sense is about and reflection on the enterprises of his past and the probable future eventually lead him to realize that whatever he encounters around or action he can get involved in is devoid of essence. He also finds the existence of his self unsubstantiated. His realization proves anguishing and alienates him from the rest of humanity by evoking in him feelings of forlornness and life’s absurdity. The whole argument concerning the persona’s development of thought and his final apprehension and agony will be carried out by taking into account Jean-Paul Sartre’s ideas of essencelessness and nausea.
Representação das produções intelectuais bibliográficas do PROFEPT
Authors: Campos Adriana Maria de Almeida Maia , Santana de Ávila Goulart Eneida , Gomes Carneiro Tereza Kelly , Mascarenhas Moraes Rafael , Dos Santos da Cruz Josimar , Lopes Cabral Elis Fábia , Souza Monteiro Roberto Luiz
Published: September 2023

Este artigo busca, através da análise de redes semânticas, discutir como se constituem as redes de representação das dissertações do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (PROFEPT) apresentadas no período de 2017-2019. A rede semântica de títulos é um dos caminhos teóricos para estudos de processos cognitivos e, por isso, uma oportunidade para conhecer os principais temas discutidos nas produções intelectuais bibliográficas sobre a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT). A pesquisa possui abordagem quali-quantitativa, e adota como metodologias a pesquisa documental e a análise de redes sociais. Dentre os resultados, foi possível verificar: coerência entre os termos de maior incidência nas redes com os temas relevantes no contexto da EPT; uma maior diversidade dos termos predominantes, à medida em que foram aumentando o número de dissertações defendidas; além das topologias das redes sugerirem que há uma convergência conceitual na elaboração dos títulos e que as palavras estão coerentes com as bases da proposta do PROFEPT. Enfim, espera-se ter contribuído para a compreensão da diversidade temática do programa e para o processo de construção e difusão de conhecimento sobre o PROFEPT.
Actualización de competencias pedagógicas para docentes en entornos virtuales del postgrado en Educación Superior en Chile
Authors: Catalán Juan Pablo , Pérez Estela
Published: September 2023

El presente proyecto de investigación buscó conocer las competencias pedagógicas de los docentes del Postgrado en Docencia para la Educación Superior, y tras el análisis generar recursos didácticos audiovisuales que promovieran la innovación en los docentes y el cumplimiento del perfil de aprendizaje centrado en el estudiante. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa para identificar las competencias básicas de los docentes, y con base en los resultados se elaboraron recursos apropiados para fortalecer su formación, siendo los instrumentos elegidos el podcast, video cápsula y la infografía. De acuerdo con la encuesta aplicada y el análisis de los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación de los expertos validadores quienes aprueban en un 90% y de parte de los docentes (100%), se concluyó que la adquisición de competencias digitales ha favorecido el ejercicio de la práctica docente de los estudiantes del postgrado, mejorando sus competencias pedagógicas.
Synthesis, Cytotoxic Potential, and Molecular Docking Studies of
Ortho-carboxamidostilbene Analogs
Authors: Mohamad Norhadi , Muhamad Musthahimah , Tan Aik Sian , Kamal Nik Nur Syazni Nik Mohd. , Che Omar Mohammad Tasyriq , Abu Bakar Mohamad Hafizi , Supratman Unang , Nafiah Mohd. Azlan , Nurul Azmi Mohamad
Published: September 2023

A total of eleven ortho-carboxamidostilbene derivatives were synthesized through Heck coupling with a
different type of amide derivatives. These compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR as well as
mass spectroscopy analysis (HRESIMS). The synthesized compounds were tested for their cytotoxic potential
against four human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7/TAMR-1, and A549), as well as two human
normal cell lines (MCF-10A and BEAS-2B) using tamoxifen and cisplatin as a positive control. The active compound
has proceeded with molecular docking on the colchicine binding site of tubulin protein using AutoDock Vina
and Biovia Discovery Studio. Compounds 6a, 6d-6k exhibited selective cytotoxic activity against A549 cells
rather than breast cancer cell lines. Compounds 6d, 6f, and 6g showed moderate cytotoxicity to A549 cells after 72
hours, with IC50 values of 10.4 μM, 6.47 μM, and 8.99 μM, respectively. Interestingly, these compounds had a
high selective index (SI) value against A549 lung cancer cells, ranging from 8.87 to 15.4 μM. Molecular docking
studies for compounds 6d, 6f, and 6g on the colchicine binding site of tubulin protein, α- and β-subunits were done
to comprehend and research ligand-receptor interactions.
NMR and FT-IR Investigation Study and Topological Analysis of Various
Conformations of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydroxyl-1,4-dithian using Density Functional
Theory Method
Authors: Danaie Elmira , Masoudi Shiva , Masnabadi Nasrin
Published: September 2023

1,4-dithian-2,5-dihydroxyl is the major source for the synthesis of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds such as thiophene and 1,3-thiazole derivatives, which these compounds are widely used in pharmaceuticals
and agricultural industries. Sulfur-containing heterocycles, such as 2-aminothiophene, thiazolidine, oxothiazolidine,
and thiazoles, can be comprehensively synthesized from dimerization of the derivatives of 1,4-dithian-2,5-
dihydroxyl. FT-IR and NMR spectra of axial and equatorial conformations of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydroxyl-1,4-
dithian compound were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) using B3LYP/6-311++G** and M06-
2X/aug-cc-pVDZ computational methods. The topological properties of the electron charge density were calculated
by the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and non-covalent interactions/reduced electron density
gradient (NCI-RDG) theoretical methods. The obtained results of the analyses were also discussed in more detail.
The results showed that the steric interactions are more prominent than the van der Waals interactions, and in both
conformations, steric interactions are included in the middle of the 1,4-dithian ring and there is hydrogen bonding
between hydroxyl groups and 1,4-dithian ring structure heteroatoms in the axial conformation while this interaction
is not observed in the case of equatorial conformation. The presence of these interactions was confirmed using
NBO analysis.
Which can Predict the Outcome of Antidepressants: Metabolic Genes or Pharmacodynamic
Genes?
Authors: Zheng Nan , Niu Mengxi , Zang Yannan , Zhuang Hongyan , Jia Fei , Bao Shuang , Liu Shanshan
Published: September 2023

Drug therapy is the primary modality for depression; however, its outcome is often unpredictable, ranging
from beneficial effects to serious adverse effects. Genetic variations in drug metabolizing enzymes and pharmacodynamic
molecules are responsible for a considerable proportion of interindividual differences in the effectiveness and
toxicity of antidepressants. For the improvement in the use of antidepressants, the focus is mainly on personalized
treatment emphasizing interindividual differences in genes. This study provides a comprehensive review of the literature
on the clinical applications of pharmacogenomics for antidepressant therapy. The polymorphisms of metabolizing
enzymes (CYP2D6, CYP2C19, and others) governing the pharmacokinetic behavior of drugs are potential predictors
of side effects or treatment failure with medications and there are good pharmacogenetic clinical recommendations
for a wide selection of psychopharmacological agents based on functional diplotypes of CYP2C19 and
CYP2D6. The relationship between pharmacodynamic genes, including FKBP5, SLC6A4, BDNF, ABCB1, HTR1A,
and HTR2A, and clinical outcomes varies in different races. Receptors that are currently used as drug targets for
antidepressant drugs are evolutionarily conserved to a higher extent than genes encoding drug metabolism, and the
actionability of pharmacodynamic-related genotyping is currently still questionable. The limited availability of largescale,
long-term clinical studies on different races and medications currently impedes the implementation of pharmacogenomics
in antidepressant treatment. The use of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling, and therapeutic
drug monitoring combined with genetic, somatic, dietary, and environmental factors represents a promising
avenue for improving the precision and effectiveness of antidepressant therapy.
Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Naphthoquinones from Microbial Origin: An
Updated Review
Authors: Kashi Marziyeh Esmaeilzadeh , Ghorbani Mahdiyeh , Badibostan Hasan , Seidel Veronique , Hosseini Seyed Hamzeh , Asili Javad , Shakeri Abolfazl , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: September 2023

Naphthoquinones (NQs) are small molecules bearing two carbonyl groups. They have
been the subject of much research due to their significant biological activities such as antiproliferative,
antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimalarial effects. NQs are produced
mainly by bacteria, fungi and higher plants. Among them, microorganisms are a treasure of NQs
with diverse skeletons and pharmacological properties. The purpose of the present study is to provide
a comprehensive update on the structural diversity and biological activities of 91 microbial
naphthoquinones isolated from 2015 to 2022, with a special focus on antimicrobial and cytotoxic
activities. During this period, potent cytotoxic NQs such as naphthablin B (46) and hygrocin C (30)
against HeLa (IC50=0.23 μg/ml) and MDA-MB-431 (IC50=0.5 μg/ml) cell lines was reported, respectively.
In addition, rubromycin CA1 (39), exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus
aureus (MIC of 0.2 μg/ml). As importance bioactive compounds, NQs may open new
horizon for treatment of cancer and drug resistant bacteria. As such, it is hoped that this review article
may stimulates further research into the isolation of further NQs from microbial, and other
sources as well as the screening of such compounds for biological activity and beneficial uses.
Comprehensive Review on Recent Strategies for Management of Prostate
Cancer: Therapeutic Targets and SAR
Authors: Chaudhary Manish , Kumar Shubham , Kaur Paranjeet , Sahu Sanjeev Kumar , Mittal Amit
Published: September 2023

Prostate cancer is a disease that is affecting a large population worldwide. Androgen deprivation
therapy (ADT) has become a foundation for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, as used
in most clinical settings from neo-adjuvant to metastatic stage. In spite of the success of ADT in managing
the disease in the majority of men, hormonal manipulation fails eventually. New molecules are
developed for patients with various hormone-refractory diseases. Advancements in molecular oncology
have increased understanding of numerous cellular mechanisms which control cell death in the
prostate and these insights can lead to the development of more efficacious and tolerable therapies for
carcinoma of the prostate. This review is focused on numerous therapies that might be a boon for
prostate therapy like signaling inhibitors, vaccines, and inhibitors of androgen receptors. Along with
these, various bioactive molecules and their derivatives are highlighted, which act as potential antiprostate
cancer agents. This article also emphasized the recent advances in the field of medicinal
chemistry of prostate cancer agents.
The Common Denominators of Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis and
Methamphetamine Abuse
Authors: Vincent Bruno , Shukla Mayuri
Published: September 2023

:

The pervasiveness and mortality associated with methamphetamine abuse have doubled
during the past decade, suggesting a possible worldwide substance use crisis. Epitomizing the pathophysiology
and toxicology of methamphetamine abuse proclaims severe signs and symptoms of neurotoxic
and neurobehavioral manifestations in both humans and animals. Most importantly, chronic use
of this drug enhances the probability of developing neurodegenerative diseases manifolds. Parkinson's
disease is one such neurological disorder, which significantly and evidently not only shares a number
of toxic pathogenic mechanisms induced by methamphetamine exposure but is also interlinked both
structurally and genetically. Methamphetamine-induced neurodegeneration involves altered dopamine
homeostasis that promotes the aggregation of α-synuclein protofibrils in the dopaminergic neurons and
drives these neurons to make them more vulnerable to degeneration, as recognized in Parkinson’s disease.
Moreover, the pathologic mechanisms such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation
and decreased neurogenesis detected in methamphetamine abusers dramatically resemble
to what is observed in Parkinson’s disease cases. Therefore, the present review comprehensively
cumulates a holistic illustration of various genetic and molecular mechanisms putting across the notion
of how methamphetamine administration and intoxication might lead to Parkinson’s disease-like
pathology and Parkinsonism.