bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Measurement of Flap Thickness After Myopic LASIK Using the Moria One Use-Plus Microkeratome
Authors: Chen Hui-Jin , Xia Ying-Jie , Zhong Yan-Ying , Song Xiao-Li , Chen Yue-Guo
Published: August 2010

Purpose:

To analyze the accuracy and consistency of corneal flap thickness created in myopic LASIK using the Moria One Use-Plus microkeratome compared with the Moria M2 Single Use 90-μm microkeratome.

Methods:

Bilateral LASIK was performed in 68 myopic patients. Flaps were created using the One Use-Plus microkeratome in 82 eyes (41 patients) and the M2 90-μm microkeratome in 54 eyes (27 patients). Flap complications and visual outcomes were evaluated. Horizontal “High Res. Corneal” scan pattern of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was applied to measure flap thickness at five locations (0, ±2, and ±3.5 mm from the corneal vertex) on the first postoperative day.

Results:

No significant differences were noted in flap complications and visual outcomes between groups. The central flap thickness was dramatically thinner in the One Use-Plus group (114.7±10.1μm and 109.4±11.0μm for right and left eyes, respectively) than in the M2 group (155.6±14.8μm and 151.6±12.5μm for right and left eyes, respectively) (P<.001). The One Use-Plus did not show a markedly better uniformity than the M2; the variation was mainly observed in the periphery. Multiple linear regression showed that for the One Use-Plus, the steeper the preoperative keratometry, the thicker the flap thickness, and for the M2, the thicker the preoperative pachymetry, the thicker the flap (P<.1).

Conclusions:

The One Use-Plus and M2 microkeratomes have similar safety and efficacy. The flap created by the One Use-Plus was much thinner than the flap created with the M2; however, the One Use-Plus can not realize a fully planar-shaped flap.
Development of a New Subjective Questionnaire: The Freedom from Glasses Value Scale (FGVS)
Authors: Lévy Pierre , Elies Dani , Dithmer Ole , Gil-Campos Irène , Benmedjahed Khadra , Berdeaux Gilles , Arnould Benoit
Published: August 2010

Purpose:

To develop a patient self-administered questionnaire assessing the added value of complete independence from spectacles (hereafter referred to as glasses) after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) surgery.

Methods:

Exploratory interviews with five cataract patients and six presbyopic patients with AcrySof ReSTOR IOLs (Alcon Laboratories Inc) implanted in both eyes for at least 6 months were conducted. The questionnaire’s conceptual framework was developed after interview analysis. Based on the identified concepts, items were generated simultaneously in French and Spanish using patients’ own words, and comprehension tested with six French patients; the Spanish questionnaire underwent clinician review and was further tested with four Spanish patients. French and Spanish versions were accordingly refined. The questionnaire was linguistically validated in UK English and Danish.

Results:

Interview analysis resulted in the identification of 9 global concepts: global vision, practical constraints related to wearing glasses, impact of eye surgery on the patient’s life, improvement of practical issues without glasses, improvement of psychological constraints without glasses, physical appearance/aesthetic aspect, self-image and in the eyes of others, eyesight problems left behind after surgery, and recommendation of surgery to others. The initial version of the test questionnaire contained 23 items; 2 items were deleted and changes were made after clinician review and patient testing. The final questionnaire named Freedom from Glasses Value Scale (FGVS) contained 21 items and four general additional questions.

Conclusions:

Beyond functional aspects, this qualitative study identified additional benefits in cataract and presbyopic patients living free of glasses after receiving multifocal IOLs. The FGVS now needs to be psychometrically validated (eg, construct validity and reliability).
Cutting Edge: Mutation of Francisella tularensis mviN Leads to Increased Macrophage Absent in Melanoma 2 Inflammasome Activation and a Loss of Virulence
Authors: Ulland Tyler K. , Buchan Blake W. , Ketterer Margaret R. , Fernandes-Alnemri Teresa , Meyerholz David K. , Apicella Michael A. , Alnemri Emad S. , Jones Bradley D. , Nauseef William M. , Sutterwala Fayyaz S.
Published: August 2010

The mechanisms by which the intracellular pathogen Francisella tularensis evades innate immunity are not well defined. We have identified a gene with homology to Escherichia coli mviN, a putative lipid II flippase, which F. tularensis uses to evade activation of innate immune pathways. Infection of mice with a F. tularensis mviN mutant resulted in improved survival and decreased bacterial burdens compared to infection with wild-type F. tularensis. The mviN mutant also induced increased absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome-dependent IL-1β secretion and cytotoxicity in macrophages. The compromised in vivo virulence of the mviN mutant depended upon inflammasome activation, as caspase 1- and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain-deficient mice did not exhibit preferential survival following infection. This study demonstrates that mviN limits F. tularensis-induced absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome activation, which is critical for its virulence in vivo.
On the Generalized Marcinkiewicz Integral Operators with Rough Kernels
Authors: Fan Dashan , Wu Huoxiong
Published: August 2010

A class of generalized Marcinkiewicz integral operators is introduced, and, under rather weak conditions on the integral kernels, the boundedness of such operators on Lp and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces is established.
Salivary Polytene Chromosome Map of Anopheles darlingi, the Main Vector of Neotropical Malaria
Authors: Rafael Míriam S. , Rohde Cláudia , Bridi Letícia C. , Valente Gaiesky Vera Lúcia da Silva , Tadei Wanderli P.
Published: August 2010

New photomap of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi Root, 1926, is described for a population from Guajará-Mirim, State of Rondonia, Brazil. The number of sections in the previous A. darlingi reference map was maintained and new subsections were added to the five chromosome arms. Breakage points of paracentric inversions had been previously incorporated into the photomap of this species. An additional inversion is reported, called 3Lc, totaling 14 inversions in the A. darlingi chromosome arms. The proposed photomap is potentially useful for further evolutionary studies in addition to physical and in silico chromosome mapping using A. darlingi genomic and transcriptome sequences. Furthermore, in our attempt to compare sections of the 2R chromosome arm of A. darlingi with Anopheles funestus, Anopheles stephensi, and Anopheles gambiae, we found great differences in the arrangement of the polytene chromosome bands, which are consistent with the known phylogenetic divergence of these species.
Acute Arboviral Infections in Guinea, West Africa, 2006
Authors: Jentes Emily S. , Robinson Jaimie , Johnson Barbara W. , Conde Ibrahima , Sakouvougui Yosse , Iverson Jennifer , Beecher Shanna , Bah M. Alpha , Diakite Fousseny , Coulibaly Mamadi , Bausch Daniel G.
Published: August 2010

Acute febrile illnesses comprise the majority of the human disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa. We hypothesized that arboviruses comprised a considerable proportion of undiagnosed febrile illnesses in Guinea and sought to determine the frequency of arboviral disease in two hospitals there. Using a standard case definition, 47 suspected cases were detected in approximately 4 months. Immunoglobulin M antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and plaque-reduction neutralization assays revealed that 63% (30/47) of patients were infected with arboviruses, including 11 West Nile, 2 yellow fever, 1 dengue, 8 chikungunya, and 5 Tahyna infections. Except for yellow fever, these are the first reported cases of human disease from these viruses in Guinea and the first reported cases of symptomatic Tahyna infection in Africa. These results strongly suggest that arboviruses circulate and are common causes of disease in Guinea. Improving surveillance and laboratory capacity for arbovirus diagnoses will be integral to understanding the burden posed by these agents in the region.
Strongyloidiasis-Related Deaths in the United States, 1991–2006
Authors: Croker Curtis , Reporter Roshan , Redelings Matt , Mascola Laurene
Published: August 2010

The objective of this study was to 1) assess the incidence of strongyloidiasis in the United States, 2) evaluate demographic and regional associations, and 3) identify comorbid conditions as risk factors for death. A population-based case–control study was performed by using mortality data during 1991–2006. We identified 347 strongyloidiasis deaths (0.79 per 10 million deaths, 14–29 deaths per year), which decreased slightly over time. Deaths occurred primarily among older (median age = 66.0 years), white (57.6%) and Hispanic (22.2%) men (69.2%), residing in the Southeastern United States (49.3%). Associated health conditions included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (28.7%, odds ratio [OR] = 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.0–5.4) and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (12.5%, OR = 4.6, 95% CI = 2.7–7.9). Strongyloidiasis deaths in the second half of the study period (1999–2006) were less likely to be associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (19.4%, OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 0.7–1.9), but continued to be associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection (12.9%, OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.3–6.0). Early detection and treatment of at-risk patients with latent strongyloidiasis infections is needed to reduce strongyloidiasis mortality.
Indoor Use of Plastic Sheeting Impregnated with Carbamate Combined with Long-Lasting Insecticidal Mosquito Nets for the Control of Pyrethroid-Resistant Malaria Vectors
Authors: Djènontin Armel , Chandre Fabrice , Dabiré K. Roch , Chabi Joseph , N'Guessan Raphael , Baldet Thierry , Akogbéto Martin , Corbel Vincent
Published: August 2010

The combined efficacy of a long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) and a carbamate-treated plastic sheeting (CTPS) or indoor residual spraying (IRS) for control of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes was evaluated in experimental huts in Burkina Faso. Anopheles gambiae from the area is resistant to pyrethroids and to a lesser extent, carbamates. Relatively low mortality rates were observed with the LLIN (44%), IRS (42%), and CTPS (52%), whereas both combinations killed significantly more mosquitoes (~70% for LLIN + CTPS and LLIN + IRS). Blood feeding by An. gambiae was uninhibited by IRS and CTPS compared with LLIN (43%), LLIN + CTPS (58%), and LLIN + IRS (56%). No evidence for selection of the kdr and ace-1R alleles was observed with the combinations, whereas a survival advantage of mosquitoes bearing the ace-1R mutation was observed with IRS and CTPS. The results suggest that the combination of the two interventions constitutes a potential tool for vector-resistance management.
Differences in Clinical Manifestations of Imported versus Autochthonous Leptospirosis in Austria and Germany
Authors: Hoffmeister Bodo , Peyerl-Hoffmann Gabriele , Pischke Sven , Zollner-Schwetz Ines , Krause Robert , Müller Matthias C. , Graf Angelika , Kluge Stefan , Burchard Gerd D. , Kern Winfried V. , Suttorp Norbert , Cramer Jakob P.
Published: August 2010

Leptospirosis, a zoonosis occurring worldwide, has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Recently, various countries observed an increase of severe anicteric cases. In Austria and Germany, growing numbers of imported cases are notified in addition to autochthonous infections. The aim of this study was to assess whether imported and autochthonous cases differ in clinical manifestations and outcome. We retrospectively analyzed 24 imported and 35 autochthonous cases treated in six infectious disease units between 1998 and 2008. To compare disease severity, patients were classified according to established independent risk factors for fatal outcome. Although severe leptospirosis (i.e., presence of ≥ 1 independent risk factors for death) occurred in similar proportions of imported (67%) and autochthonous (86%) infections (P = 0.1), imported cases were significantly fewer icteric (13% versus 69%; P < 0.0001). In conclusion, an increasing incidence of severe anicteric imported cases of leptospirosis should be anticipated with rising global travel activities.
Tuberculin Skin-Test Reactions Are Unaffected by the Severity of Hyperendemic Intestinal Helminth Infections and Co-Infections
Authors: Zevallos Karine , Vergara Katherine C. , Vergara Antonio , Vidal Carlos , Garcia Hector H. , Evans Carlton A.
Published: August 2010

The tuberculin skin test (TST) quantifies cell-mediated immunity to tuberculosis antigens. Helminths suppress cell-mediated immunity, so we studied the effect of helminth infection and deworming on the TST in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in an indigenous Amazon community (N = 195). Stool microscopy diagnosed helminths in 98% and co-infection with multiple species in 24% of study subjects. The TST was positive (≥ 10 mm) for 49%, and responses increased with age (P < 0.001), Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination (P = 0.01), and tuberculosis contact (P = 0.05). TST results had no association with helminth-egg concentrations, species, or co-infections (all P > 0.1). One month after deworming with albendazole (three daily 400-mg doses), helminths were reduced, but 63% remained infected with helminths. Albendazole did not cause a change in TST size (P = 0.8) or positivity (P = 0.9) relative to placebo. Thus, TST reactions were unaffected by albendazole therapy that partially cured intestinal helminth infections, and TST interpretation was unaffected by high-burden helminth infections and co-infection with multiple helminth species.
Copy number variation analysis in single‐suture craniosynostosis: Multiple rare variants including RUNX2 duplication in two cousins with metopic craniosynostosis
Authors: Mefford Heather C. , Shafer Neil , Antonacci Francesca , Tsai Jesse M. , Park Sarah S. , Hing Anne V. , Rieder Mark J. , Smyth Matthew D. , Speltz Matthew L. , Eichler Evan E. , Cunningham Michael L.
Published: August 2010

Little is known about genes that underlie isolated single‐suture craniosynostosis. In this study, we hypothesize that rare copy number variants (CNV) in patients with isolated single‐suture craniosynostosis contain genes important for cranial development. Using whole genome array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), we evaluated DNA from 186 individuals with single‐suture craniosynostosis for submicroscopic deletions and duplications. We identified a 1.1 Mb duplication encompassing RUNX2 in two affected cousins with metopic synostosis and hypodontia. Given that RUNX2 is required as a master switch for osteoblast differentiation and interacts with TWIST1, mutations in which also cause craniosynostosis, we conclude that the duplication in this family is pathogenic, albeit with reduced penetrance. In addition, we find that a total of 7.5% of individuals with single‐suture synostosis in our series have at least one rare deletion or duplication that contains genes and that has not been previously reported in unaffected individuals. The genes within and disrupted by CNVs in this cohort are potential novel candidate genes for craniosynostosis. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of genomic loci contributing to agenesis of the corpus callosum
Authors: O'Driscoll Mary C. , Black Graeme C. M. , Clayton‐Smith Jill , Sherr Elliott H. , Dobyns William B.
Published: August 2010

Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a common brain malformation of variable clinical expression that is seen in many syndromes of various etiologies. Although ACC is predominantly genetic, few genes have as yet been identified. We have constructed and analyzed a comprehensive map of ACC loci across the human genome using data generated from 374 patients with ACC and structural chromosome rearrangements, most having heterozygous loss or gain of genomic sequence and a few carrying apparently balanced rearrangements hypothesized to disrupt key functional genes. This cohort includes more than 100 previously unpublished patients. The subjects were ascertained from several large research databases as well as the published literature over the last 35 years. We identified 12 genomic loci that are consistently associated with ACC, and at least 30 other recurrent loci that may also contain genes that cause or contribute to ACC. Our data also support the hypothesis that many ACC loci confer susceptibility to other brain malformations as well as ACC, such as cerebellar hypoplasia, microcephaly, and polymicrogyria. The database presented here provides a valuable resource for diagnosis and management of individuals with ACC and individuals with chromosome rearrangements in whom ACC should be suspected, and of course for identifying ACC causal and contributory genes. Well‐defined diagnostic criteria, improved scanning techniques, and increased recognition of associated abnormalities will further facilitate gene mapping and allow definition of distinct syndromes within this heterogeneous group of patients. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gene expression patterns in the bone tissue of women with fibrous dysplasia
Authors: Kiss János , Balla Bernadett , Kósa János P. , Borsy Adrienn , Podani János , Takács István , Lazáry Áron , Nagy Zsolt , Bácsi Krisztián , Kis Adrián , Szlávy Eszter , Szendrői Miklós , Speer Gábor , Orosz László , Lakatos Péter
Published: August 2010

Fibrous dysplasia is an isolated skeletal disorder caused by a somatic activating mutation ofGNASgene with abnormal unmineralized matrix overproduction and extensive undifferentiated bone cell accumulation in the fibro‐osseous lesions. The aim of our investigation was to identify genes that are differently expressed in fibrous versus non‐fibrous human bone and to describe the relationships between these genes using multivariate data analysis. Six bone tissue samples from female patients with fibrous dysplastia (FD) and seven bone tissue samples from women without FD (non‐FD) were examined. The expression differences of selected 118 genes were analyzed by the TaqMan probe‐based quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR system. The Mann–WhitneyU‐test indicated marked differences in the expression of 22 genes between FD and non‐FD individuals. Nine genes were upregulated in FD women compared to non‐FD ones and 18 genes showed a downregulated pattern. These altered genes code for minor collagen molecules, extracellular matrix digesting enzymes, transcription factors, adhesion molecules, growth factors, pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and lipid metabolism‐affected substrates. Canonical variates analysis demonstrated that FD and non‐FD bone tissues can be distinguished by the multiple expression profile analysis of numerous genes controlled via a G‐protein coupled pathway and BMP cascade as well as genes coding for extracellular matrix composing molecules. The remarkable changed gene expression profile observed in the fibrous dysplastic human bone tissue may provide further insight into the pathogenetic process of fibrous degeneration of bone. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of facial morphogenesis by endothelin signaling: Insights from mice and fish
Authors: Clouthier David E. , Garcia Elvin , Schilling Thomas F.
Published: August 2010

Craniofacial morphogenesis is accomplished through a complex set of developmental events, most of which are initiated in neural crest cells within the pharyngeal arches. Local patterning cues from the surrounding environment induce gene expression within neural crest cells, leading to formation of a diverse set of skeletal elements. Endothelin‐1 (Edn1) is one of the primary signals that establishes the identity of neural crest cells within the mandibular portion of the first pharyngeal arch. Signaling through its cognate receptor, the endothelin‐A receptor, is critical for patterning the ventral/distal portion of the arch (lower jaw) and also participates with Hox genes in patterning more posterior arches. Edn1/Ednra signaling is highly conserved between mouse and zebrafish, and genetic analyses in these two species have provided complementary insights into the patterning cues responsible for establishing the craniofacial complex as well as the genetic basis of facial birth defect syndromes. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temple–Baraitser syndrome: A rare and possibly unrecognized condition
Authors: Jacquinet Adeline , Gérard Marion , Gabbett Michael T. , Rausin Léon , Misson Jean‐Paul , Menten Björn , Mortier Geert , Van Maldergem Lionel , Verloes Alain , Debray François‐Guillaume
Published: August 2010

Temple–Baraitser syndrome, previously described in two unrelated patients, is the association of severe mental retardation and abnormal thumbs and great toes. We report two additional unrelated patients with Temple–Baraitser syndrome, review clinical and radiological features of previously reported cases and discuss mode of inheritance. Patients share a consistent pattern of anomalies: hypo or aplasia of the thumb and great toe nails and broadening and/or elongation of the thumbs and halluces, which have a tubular aspect. All patients were born to unrelated parents and occurred as a single occurrence in multiple sibships, suggesting sporadic inheritance from a de novo mutation mechanism. Comparative genomic hybridization in Patients 1, 2 and 3 did not reveal any copy number variations. We confirm that Temple–Baraitser syndrome represents a distinct syndrome, probably unrecognized, possibly caused by a de novo mutation in a not yet identified gene. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complex rearrangements between chromosomes 6, 10, and 11 with multiple deletions at breakpoints
Authors: Lee Ni‐Chung , Chen Ming , Ma Gwo‐Chin , Lee Dong‐Jay , Wang Tzu‐Jou , Ke Yu‐Yuan , Chien Yin‐Hsiu , Hwu Wuh‐Liang
Published: August 2010

Here we report on a girl with minor facial anomalies, cleft palate, seizures, microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, and a congenital heart defect. Complex of cytogenetic methods [GTG‐banding, spectral karyotyping (SKY), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), multicolor banding (mBAND), and comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH)] showed complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) involving chromosomes 6, 10, and 11 and 4 deletions at the breakpoints. Her father had an unrelated translocation between chromosomes 3 and 16, suggesting the possibility of an autosomal dominant trait that predisposes to complex synapses and recombination between multiple chromosomes during meiosis. This study demonstrates the power of combining available chromosome analysis technologies in resolving CCR. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simulation of NOx Formation in Methane‐Air Turbulent Combustion Using an Improved Second‐Order Moment Model
Authors: Zheng C. G. , Zhou L. X. , Yin J.
Published: August 2010

The NOx formation in methane‐air turbulent combustion is simulated using an improved second‐order moment (NSOM) model of turbulence‐chemistry interaction. The predicted results from three different versions of the presumed probability density function (PDF) model are compared with the experimental data from the literature. The results show that the NSOM model with algebraic expression of second‐order moments is as good as the proposed PDF model using transport equations of second‐order moments, but the former needs much less computation time than the latter. Therefore, the NSOM model can be used to simulate turbulent combustion and NOx formation with detailed known chemistry, while the proposed PDF model is more difficult to apply.
Heat and Mass Transfer Model Including Shrinkage Applied to Ellipsoidal Products: Case Study for Drying of Bananas
Authors: De Lima A.G.B. , Queiroz M.R. , Nebra S.A.
Published: August 2010

This paper presents an investigation of the simultaneous heat and mass transfer in solids with prolate spheroidal shape. A two‐dimensional unsteady diffusion model applied to a prolate spheroid is presented assuming that liquid diffusion is the sole mechanism of moisture transport, with convective and evaporative boundary conditions at the surface of the solid. The resulting equations were solved numerically using the finite‐volume method. To validate the numerical model, results of the mean moisture content and center temperature were compared with experimental data on banana drying and good results were achieved. The convective and transport coefficients were obtained by fitting the model with experimental data using the least squares error method.
Incorporating a concept of altruism into psychoanalytic theory
Authors: Nielsen Mary L.
Published: August 2010

This paper proposes the existence of an intrinsic, non‐conflictual altruistic impulse, and presents arguments from human behavior studies, evolutionary theory, attachment theory, and psychoanalytic writings to support this thesis. Altruism has been previously regarded as a defensive phenomenon based on assumptions about the superego, competitiveness, individualism, and self‐interested libido. This paper proposes that the element of primary other‐orientedness makes possible a non‐neurotic component of oedipal resolution, based on triadic love. Finally, the paper defines remorse as an altruistic or other‐oriented repair. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
State estimation for multi‐channel stochastic singular systems with multiplicative noise
Authors: Chu Dongsheng , Gao Shouwan , Guo Lina
Published: August 2010

The state estimation problem for multi‐channel singular systems with multiplicative noise is considered based on singular value decomposition. First, two equivalent reduced order subsystems are obtained via the decomposition. Then, in order to solve the estimation problem, the subsystems are rewritten into a new form. It is noted that the measurement noise here becomes colored noise, which contains the dynamic noise, measurement noise, and multiplicative noise of the original system. In this situation, existing filtering methods cannot be directly applied, so a modified filtering method is given. The recursive algorithm for the state estimation is obtained by the filtering method. In addition, the estimation of dynamic noise is derived via the algorithm. A simulation example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Global set‐point tracking control for a class of nonlinear systems with iISS inverse dynamics
Authors: Yu Jiang‐Bo , Wu Yu‐Qiang
Published: August 2010

In this paper, we consider the problem of global set‐point tracking control for a class of nonlinear systems with dynamic uncertainty. Unlike the existing works, the investigated system is with the integral input‐to‐state stable (iISS) inverse dynamics and more general uncertain nonlinearities. By using a recursive design method, a partial‐state feedback controller is designed. The tuning function technique is applied in this procedure to avoid the overparametrization. It is shown that the developed control procedure could guarantee that the tracking error is driven to the origin and the other signals are bounded. In addition, it can also reduce to a linear or even a classical PI control law under some sufficient conditions. Simulation results are illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Urban tracer dispersion experiment in London (DAPPLE) 2003: field study and comparison with empirical prediction
Authors: Martin D. , Nickless G. , Price C.S. , Britter R.E. , Neophytou M.K. , Cheng H. , Robins A.G. , Dobre A. , Belcher S.E. , Barlow J.F. , Tomlin A.S. , Smalley R.J. , Tate J.E. , Colvile R.N. , Arnold S.J. , Shallcross D.E.
Published: August 2010

The DAPPLE (Dispersion of Air Pollutants and their Penetration into the Local Environment) project seeks to characterise near‐field urban atmospheric dispersion using a multidisciplinary approach. In this paper we report on the first tracer dispersion experiment carried out in May 2003. Results of concurrent meteorological measurements are presented. Variations of receptor tracer concentration with time are presented. Meteorological observations suggest that in‐street channelling and flow‐switching at intersections take place. A comparison between roof top and surface measurements suggest that rapid vertical mixing occurs, and a comparison between a simple dispersion model and maximum concentrations observed are presented. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Association of folate receptor (folr1, folr2, folr3) and reduced folate carrier (slc19a1) genes with meningomyelocele
Authors: O'Byrne Michelle R. , Au Kit Sing , Morrison Alanna C. , Lin Jone‐Ing , Fletcher Jack M. , Ostermaier Kathryn K. , Tyerman Gayle H. , Doebel Sabine , Northrup Hope
Published: August 2010

Background

Meningomyelocele (MM) results from lack of closure of the neural tube during embryologic development. Periconceptional folic acid supplementation is a modifier of MM risk in humans, leading toan interest in the folate transport genes as potential candidates for association to MM.

METHODS

This study used the SNPlex Genotyping (ABI, Foster City, CA) platform to genotype 20 single polymorphic variants across the folate receptor genes (FOLR1, FOLR2, FOLR3) and the folate carrier gene (SLC19A1) to assess their association to MM. The study population included 329 trio and 281 duo families. Only cases with MM were included. Genetic association was assessed using the transmission disequilibrium test in PLINK.

RESULTS

A variant in the FOLR2 gene (rs13908), three linked variants in the FOLR3 gene (rs7925545, rs7926875, rs7926987), and two variants in the SLC19A1 gene (rs1888530 and rs3788200) were statistically significant for association to MM in our population.

CONCLUSION

This study involved the analyses of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms across the folate receptor genes and the folate carrier gene in a large population sample. It provided evidence that the rare alleles of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms within these genes appear to be statistically significant for association to MM in the patient population that was tested. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A retrospective cohort study of mortality among children with birth defects in New York State, 1983–2006
Authors: Wang Ying , Hu Jiaqi , Druschel Charlotte M.
Published: August 2010

BACKGROUND

Birth defects, which occur in about 3% of live births in the United States each year, have remained the leading cause of infant mortality, although the infant mortality rate in the United States has decreased significantly over the past decades. The objective of this study was to conduct a retrospective cohort study with long‐term follow‐up of the children in New York State Congenital Malformations Registry (CMR) for up to 24 years on their mortality status to evaluate the mortality risk of children with birth defects by age at death, birth defect category and other possible contributing factors.

METHODS

Children born in 1983–2006 with reportable birth defects were included in the study cohort. A sub‐cohort was also constructed containing children born in 1983–2006 with selected major birth defects that are relatively severe congenital conditions identified at birth. New York State live births in 1983–2006 were used as the comparison population. The deaths among the study cohort were identified through linking CMR cases to the death certificate files. A Poisson regression model was used to calculate mortality rate ratios (mortality risk) adjusting for selected infant and maternal risk factors.

RESULTS

Compared to children without birth defects, the overall mortality risk was 6.7 times higher for children with any of the reportable birth defects and 23.6 times higher for children with selected major birth defects. The mortality risk decreased with increasing age of children. The top 5 most significantly high mortality risks were found among infants in neonatal period with anencephaly (RR = 200.5, 95% CI:180.6–222.5) and renal agenesis/dysgenesis (RR = 69.5, 95% CI:64.2–75.2), and among children aged 1–2 years with Trisomy 18 (RR = 206.4, 95% CI:28.5–331.6), Trisomy 13 (RR = 157.3, 95% CI:83.5–296.4), and hypoplastic left heart (RR = 161.5, 95% CI:20.1–217.2). Low birth weight and gestational age, multiple malformations and high lethality of anomalies involved were the major contributors to the high risk of mortality among children with selected major birth defects compared to those without birth defects.

CONCLUSIONS

Using the state‐wide, population‐based birth defects surveillance data to conduct a long‐term follow‐up of a large cohort of New York children, we were able to examine mortality and survival experience of the affected children during infancy and childhood period by individual birth defects of interest. As expected, children born with birth defects had a higher risk of mortality compared to children without birth defects. The magnitude of the risk varied by children's age, birth and maternal characteristics and the lethality of the specific birth defects involved. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Acidic Properties of Phosphate‐Modified Zirconia.
Authors: SPIELBAUER D. , MEKHEMER G. A. H. , RIEMER T. , ZAKI M. I. , KNOEZINGER H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Magnetic Ordering in the Defect Compound ErGe1.83.
Authors: OLEKSYN O. , SCHOBINGER‐PAPAMANTELLOS P. , RITTER C. , DE GROOT C. H. , BUSHOW K. H. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Cyclic Thioanions: (PPh4)2(1,3‐P2S8) and (PPh4)2(Si2S6Cl2). New Synthetic Access Routes to PPh4(PS2Cl2) and PPh4(PS2Br2).
Authors: GRUBER H. , MUELLER U.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Orthorhombic Low‐Temperature Modifications of Compounds Cs3LnCl6 (Ln: Nd‐Yb) ‐ Preparation and Thermodynamic Stability.
Authors: REUTER G. , SEBASTIAN J. , ROFFE M. , SEIFERT H.‐J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of ReB2 Single Crystals by the Floating Zone Method.
Authors: OTANI S. , AIZAWA T. , ISHIZAWA Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver Nanocluster Formation in Silica Coatings by the Sol‐Gel Route.
Authors: ARMELAO L. , BERTONCELLO R. , DE DOMINICIS M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: trans‐3,5‐Diphenyl‐1,4,2,6‐oxathiadiphosphorinane‐3,5‐dione.
Authors: JONES P. G. , WEINKAUF A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bis(2‐(triphenylsilyl)phenyl) Disulfide.
Authors: MILLER J. R. , LU C. , ZHENG Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Optically Active 1,3‐Dienes from Alkenylstannanes by a Combination of Electro‐Oxidation and Copper‐Mediated Homocoupling Reaction.
Authors: ITOH T. , EMOTO S. , KONDO M. , OHARA H. , TANAKA H. , TORII S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Nickel(II) Complex Catalyzed Electroreductive Cyclization of Allyloxy Radicals via 1,5‐Hydrogen Shift.
Authors: OZAKI S. , URANO Y. , OHMORI H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel Dirhodium Tetraprolinate Catalyst Containing Bridging Prolinate Ligands.
Authors: DAVIES H. M. L. , KONG N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Allylic Oxidation of Cycloalkenes by Using Cu(II)‐ Tris(oxazoline) Complex as a Catalyst.
Authors: KAWASAKI K. , KATSUKI T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzyme‐Catalyzed Asymmetrization of 2,2‐Disubstituted 1,3‐Propanediols Using 1‐Ethoxyvinyl Esters.
Authors: AKAI S. , NAKA T. , TAKEBE Y. , KITA Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds in Basic Solutions. Part 28. The Alkaline Hydrolysis of 2‐Formylbenzonitrile, N‐(2‐Formyl and ‐ Acetylphenyl)acetamides, N‐(2‐Formylphenyl)‐Substituted Benzamides, 4‐( 2‐Formylbenzoyl)morpholine, 3‐(4‐Morpholino)‐ and ‐(N‐Methylanilino)‐ phthalides and ‐naphthalides.
Authors: BOWDEN K. , HISCOCKS S. P. , REDDY M. K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds in Basic Solutions. Part 26. The Mechanisms of the Base‐Catalyzed Cyclization of 1,2‐Diacetylbenzene, 1, 8‐Diacetylnaphthalene, 4,5‐Diacetylphenanthrene, and 2,2′‐ Diacetylbiphenyl.
Authors: BOWDEN K. , BROWNHILL A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantitative Analyses of Cieplak vs. Felkin‐Ahn Effects in Hydride Reduction of Cyclohexanone
Authors: SENJU T. , TOMODA S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Formations of α‐Iodoenones by Iodine and Catalytic Amounts of Amines.
Authors: DJUARDI E. , BOVONSOMBAT P. , MC NELIS E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemical Fluorination of N,N,N′,N′‐Tetramethylsulfondiamides.
Authors: SARTORI P. , IGNAT'EV N. , JUESCHKE R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure—Reactivity Relationships in the Rate of Esterification by Acetylimidazole: The Influence of the Second Hydroxy Group and of the Length of the N‐ω‐Hydroxy‐n‐alkyl Chain in 3‐(N‐Methyl,N‐ω‐Hydroxy‐n‐alkyl)amino‐2‐tert‐butylpropan‐1‐ols.
Authors: MADDER A. , DE CLERCQ P. J. , MASKILL H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Sulfamic Acid Derivatives with Epoxides. Part 5. Reactions of Sulfamates with Diglycidyl and Allylglycidyl Ethers and Synthesis of Corresponding Aminoethers.
Authors: ERMAKOV A. S. , BULATOV P. V. , TARTAKOVSKII V. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unsaturated Nitriles: A Domino Ozonolysis‐Aldol Synthesis of Highly Reactive Oxonitriles.
Authors: FLEMING F. F. , HUANG A. , SHARIEF V. A. , PU Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of the Antiarrhythmia Agent d‐Sotalol.
Authors: BRODFUEHRER P. R. , SMITH P. , DILLON J. L. , VEMISHETTI P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Macrocycle Opening in Crown‐Compounds. Part 3. Transformation of 4′‐ Nitrobenzocrown Ethers into Podands in Reaction with Methylamine.
Authors: GROMOV S. P. , DMITRIEVA S. N. , KRASNOVSKII V. E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Aryloxy Esters: An Asymmetric Approach to Fluoxetine, Tomoxetine, and Nisoxetine.
Authors: DEVINE P. N. , HEID R. M. JUN. , TSCHAEN D. M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry and Application of Phosphonium and Arsonium Ylides. Part 21. A Simple Approach to the Synthesis of Ethyl 2‐Ethoxy‐4‐methoxy‐6‐ perfluoroalkylbenzoates via Acyclic Precursors.
Authors: CAO W. , DING W. , YI T. , ZHU Z.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis and Properties of Sulfinimines (Thiooxime S‐ Oxides).
Authors: DAVIS F. A. , REDDY R. E. , SZEWCZYK J. M. , REDDY G. V. , PORTONOVO P. S. , ZHANG H. , FANELLI D. , REDDY R. T. , ZHOU P. , CARROLL P. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Dienecarbamates as ADAPT Prodrug Models.
Authors: MA G. X. , BATEY R. A. , TAYLOR S. D. , HUM G. , JONES J. B.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorinated N‐Sulfonyl Carbamates.
Authors: EL KATEB M. , BEJI M. , BAKLOUTI A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.