bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A child patient who ingested multiple magnet: A case report
Authors: ARSLAN Melike , UYAR Metehan , PEKER Selim Can , BALAMTEKİN Necati
Published: January 2022

Foreign body ingestion is common in the pediatric age group. Swallowed foreign objects show different features, especially coins, small toys and toy parts, magnets, and batteries. Coins are the most frequently swallowed foreign objects, followed by toys and toy parts. Magnets are mostly found in toys and other products. Swallowing single magnet does not often cause complications but swallowing multiple magnets or magnets attached to a metal objects could pull the intestinal walls together and cause volvulus, fistulas, and peritonitis. Medical diagnostic display techniques play an important role in cases of foreign body aspiration and swallowing observed in children. In foreign body ingestion, the main goals are rapid identification and positioning for an effective treatment. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are critical for the immediate removal of swallowed objects. Highly adhered treatments may have a high risk of mortality and morbidity. Here, we present a case of a five-year old girl who was brought to the pediatric emergency department with a suspicion of ingesting foreign objects.
Biyopsi tanılı nonalkolik steatohepatit hastalarında fibrozis evrelerine göre metabolik sendrom komponentlerinin sıklıklarının karşılaştırılması: Metabolik bozukluk sayısındaki artış fibrozis progresyonunda etkili mi?
Authors: KÖYLÜ Bahadır , GÜNEGÜL Yunus , SÖKMENSÜER Cenk , KAV Taylan , PARLAK Erkan , SİVRİ Bülent , KESKİN Onur
Published: January 2022

Giriş ve Amaç: Fibrozis evresi, nonalkolik steatohepatitte karaciğer ilişkili komplikasyonlar ve mortalite ile ilişkisi en kuvvetli olan histolojik parametredir. Nonalkolik steatohepatit hastalarında fibrozisin patogenezi halen tam olarak ortaya konulamamıştır ve eşlik eden tip 2 diyabet, obezite, hipertansiyon ve dislipideminin fibrozis progresyonundaki rolleri net değildir. Bununla beraber, eşlik eden metabolik bozuklukların sayısıyla fibrozis evresi arasında bir ilişki olması mümkündür. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma tek merkezli, kesitsel bir çalışma olup bu çalışmada Ocak 2020-Ocak 2021 tarihleri arasında karaciğer biyopsisi yapılarak nonalkolik steatohepatit tanısı konulan 56 hastanın metabolik özellikleri, Ulusal Kolesterol Eğitim Programı/3. Erişkin Tedavi Paneli metabolik sendrom kriterleri temel alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Nonalkolik Steatohepatit-Klinik Araştırma ağına göre yapılan fibrozis evrelemesi sonrasında, hastalar evre 2 ve üzeri fibrozisi ( ≥ F2) olanlar ve ≤ F1 fibrozisi olanlar şeklinde iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Bu iki grup arasında tip 2 diyabet, hipertansiyon, dislipidemi ve metabolik sendrom varlığı, vücut kitle indeksi, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi, bel çevresi/kalça çevresi oranı ve oluşturulan toplam metabolik sendromu puanı açısından karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Fibrozis evrelemesi sonucunda ≤ F1 grubunda 23 hasta, ≥ F2 grubunda 33 hasta mevcuttur. Gruplar arasında tip 2 diyabet, hipertansiyon ve dislipidemi varlığı ile vücut kitle indeksi, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi, bel çevresi/kalça çevresi oranı açısından anlamlı bir fark saptanmazken, metabolik sendrom varlığı açısından anlamlı bir fark mevcuttur ( ≥ F2 grubunda %84.8 ve ≤ F1 grubunda %47.8; p = 0.001). Toplam metabolik sendrom puanı ≥ F2 grubunda anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olup bu gruptaki hastaların %60.6’sında 4 puan ve üzerindedir (p < 0.001). Korelasyon analizinde fibrozis evresi ile toplam metabolik sendrom puanı arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı, orta derecede korelasyon saptanmıştır (r = 0.48, p < 0.001). Sonuç: Toplam metabolik sendrom puanı kolay hesaplanabilir bir yöntem olup nonalkolik steatohepatit hastalarında fibrozis progresyonu riskinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabilir.
Neuropatia de Fibras Finas em um caso de Artrite Psoriásica
Authors: Guimarães Claudia Maria Duarte de Sá , Balbinot Luciane Fachin , Brioschi Marcos Leal
Published: January 2022

A neuropatia periférica ocorre como consequência dos distúrbios metabólicos nos pacientes com diabetes mellitus e hipotireoidismo, situações carenciais (deficiências de vitamina B12 e folato), associada a quadros clínicos tóxicos (etilismo, exposição a metais pesados), infecciosas (sífilis, HIV), entre outras causas, como medicamentos. A polineuropatia típica, associada principalmente ao diabetes é simétrica, distal e correlacionada com o dano progressivo tanto de fibras somáticas como neurovegetativas. A técnica de captação de imagens infravermelhas (termografia médica) consiste no registro da temperatura a partir da irradiação infravermelha da pele, o termograma que permite tanto uma análise qualitativa quanto quantitativa da distribuição térmica cutânea. O tônus vasomotor é regulado pelas fibras simpáticas finas tipo C e, portanto, sua disfunção pode ser identificada pela alteração de padrões de temperatura cutânea, sobretudo, sob manobras provocativas neurovegetativas, como o uso de estímulo frio (em inglês Cold Stress Test). Avaliou-se um homem de 60 anos, que procurou atendimento para tratamento de onicomicose crônica no hálux direito em uso de adalimumabe, metotrexate e deficiência de vitamina B12 através da termografia, verificando-se instabilidade vasomotora simpática anormal nas plantas dos pés.
Novel enhancer for male fertility dysfunction in STZ diabetic rats
Authors:   al muthanna university-, Saoudi Muna Hasson , Auda Mohammed A. ,   Chemistry Department, College of Science, Thi-Qar University
Published: January 2022

This new study evaluated effect of aqueous leaves extracts of Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) Rafin on male reproductive hormones and histological features of the testis diabetic rats. The results obtained showed remarkable increased of sperm count, viability and motility after treatment. Testosterone, FSH and LH hormones also increased with oral administration of the plant extract at dose 70 mg/kg of body weight. The results suggested the anti hyperglycemic property of the extract as well as its positive effect to maintain male hormones concentrations. Histological examination of the testis revealed improvement of spermatogenesis and Leydig cell proliferation with all doses of the extract. However, the histoarchitecture of the testis rats received 70 and 90 mg/kg of the plant extract, was found to be similar to the healthy group. These findings suggest that the extract can maintain the damage fertility in diabetic rats. These promising results may explain the use of this plant in the future for therapeutic treatment of diabetes complications associated subfertility.
Natural Resource Rents-Capital Flight Nexus in Selected ECOWAS Countries: Evidence from Non-Linear ARDL Approach
Authors: Adedeji Abdulfatai A , Kogbodoku Sherifat W
Published: January 2022

The challenge of capital flight in the ECOWAS sub-region is worrisome. Huge revenue from natural resources also contributes to the relocation of available resources necessary for the development of the region. The study identifies the revenue from natural resources as a key driver of capital flight in the region. Hence, this study analyzed the effect of natural resource rents on capital flight in ECOWAS countries accounting for the role of asymmetry. Also, the study employed the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model to account for short-run and long-run asymmetries. The results revealed the presence of asymmetry in five countries, while two countries displayed symmetric effects. It also showed that the symmetric effect of natural resource rents on capital flight is weak for Guinea and Nigeria in the short-run while the long-run effect is not more pronounced for Nigeria. In the case of asymmetric effect, natural resource rents amplified capital flight in Cape Verde and Sierra Leone. Further evidence shows that the non-linearity of natural resource rents does not encourage capital flight in Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, and Ghana. Hence, the countries should promote transparency and accountability in the management of proceeds from natural resources to enhance development in the region.
Challenges for ethics committees in biomedical research governance: Illustrations from China and Australia
Authors: Huanhuan Cao , Li Ming , Wang Mingxu , Roder David , Olver Ian
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the evolution of the ethics committees for health research, their history, membership, and function in China and Australia is described. Investigators in each country compared the history and governance of their ethical systems based on the published evidence rather than personal opinions. Similarly, examples of challenges were selected from the literature. In both countries, the aim was to maximize the social benefits of research and minimize the risk imposed on the participants. Common challenges include maintaining independence, funding and delivering timely ethical reviews of the research projects. These challenges can be difficult where research ethics committees rely on voluntary contributions and lack a strong resource base. They must adapt to the increasingly rapid pace of research as well as the technological sophistication.  Population health research can challenge the conventional views of consent and privacy. The principles of the sound ethical review are common in both countries; governance arrangements and operational procedures, however, can differ, reflecting the cultural values and norms of their host countries and in respect of legal environments. By studying the evolution and function of ethics committees in the two countries, we established the differences in the governance and health systems, while similar ethical objectives helped sustain collaborative research.
Challenges of hospital ethics committees: a phenomenological study
Authors: Raoofi Samira , Arefi Seddighe , Khodayari-Zarnaq Rahim , Azimi-Nayebi Bashir , Mousavi Mir Sajjad Seyyed
Published: January 2022

Medical ethics committees play an important role in examining and resolving ethical problems in hospitals by developing ethical guidelines and making ethical decisions. This study aimed at investigating the challenges that these committees typically face.
This qualitative phenomenological study was conducted in 2020. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with purposive sampling and participation of 19 ethics committees’ members in Tehran hospitals. Then, data were analyzed by the content analysis method using MAXQDA-10 software.
Challenges of hospital ethics committees were classified into three main themes including external factors, intra-organizational factors, and ethics committee structure, in addition to six sub-themes including inadequate supervision, lack of instructions, organizational culture, human resources, nature of the committee, and ineffectiveness of committees’ decisions.
Since many challenges are faced by ethics committees, plans should be developed and implemented to fulfill the following purposes: (i) strengthen the position of these committees in hospitals, (ii) continuous supervision over the formation and holding of the committees, (iii) their operation process, (iv) their decision-making process, and (v) process of sharing committees’ decisions with all hospital stakeholders and staff.
Comparing Golqand (Persian Medicine Product) with Magnesium Hydroxide in Adult Constipation: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ghorbanoghli Sayeh , Mozaffarpoor Seyyed Ali , Vakili Mohammad Ali , Amiriani Taghi , Qaraaty Marzieh
Published: January 2022

Chronic constipation is a highly prevalent digestive problem in the community, which would decrease the quality of life of individuals. There is not any conclusive drug of choice for constipation. Golqand (combined Rosa × damascena Herrm. and honey) has been introduced as an effective safe laxative in Persian medicine (PM). This study aimed to investigate the effects of Golqand in comparison with Magnesium hydroxide suspension (MOM) in chronic constipation. In this clinical trial, fifty-six patients with chronic constipation were randomly assigned to the study groups of Golqand or MOM. Patients received Golqand (20 g daily) or MOM (40 mL daily) for 2 weeks. Patients took the drug twice a day, MOM group used it in the morning (20 mL) and at night before going to bed (20 mL). The Golqand group used it 10 g before lunch and 10 g before dinner, dissolved it in lukewarm water and swallowed. Then, they were followed for the second two weeks without any medication. The primary outcome was frequency of defecation. Patients were evaluated before the study and two weeks and four weeks after the beginning study. Estimated marginal mean frequency of defecation in the MOM group in the first two weeks was significantly higher than the Golqnd group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference among the groups in the third week when treatment was discontinued (P = 0.155) but in the fourth week, the Golqand group had more count of defecation than the MOM group (P = 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two study groups in terms of treatment satisfaction and drug side effects (P > 0.05). Golqand medication can be used in the treatment of constipation with very few drug side effects and a more lasting effect than MOM drug.
N-Chromosome Royal Jelly, Propolis and Bee Pollen Supplementation Improve the Clinical Conditions of COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Abedini Atefeh , Shafaghi Shadi , Ameri Ahmad Zahra , Javanmardi Elmira , Ghorbani Fariba , Sharif-Kashani Babak , Naghashzadeh Farah , Shafaghi Masoud , Moshirpour Melina , Noorali Sima , Hakimian Hoda , Keshmiri Mohammad Sadegh , Fazlzadeh Aylar
Published: January 2022

Royal jelly, propolis, and bee pollen are used for different purposes all around the world according to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. Given that Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral condition accompanied by a dysregulated inflammatory response in the body, we intend to evaluate the effects of natural supplementations on the disease course. A randomized, open-label, controlled trial was conducted among 50 definitive cases of COVID-19. These patients were randomly assigned into control and intervention groups. Royal Jelly, propolis, and bee pollen were prescribed to patients in the intervention group (n = 24) in addition to conventional treatment; while the control group only received the standard treatment (n = 26). At the end of the study, functional class improved in both groups, but this change was more pronounced in the intervention group (p < 0.05). Moreover, total symptoms duration and the time to return to work were significantly reduced in the intervention group (p < 0.05). Although royal jelly, propolis, and bee pollen are not definitive treatments in COVID-19 patients, they can be used as an adjuvant treatment to limit disease symptoms and virus propagation.
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity, Preliminary Phytochemical Screening Profile, and In Vivo Toxicity of Seven Traditional Medicinal Plants in Ethiopia
Authors: Mekuriaw Eyerus , Mengistu Enat , Erdedo Ayana , Mamo Hassen
Published: January 2022

The threat of antibiotic-resistance calls for novel antibacterial agents. This study was aimed at screening medicinal plants for their antibacterial properties, phytochemical content and safety. Leaves of Allophylus abyssinicus (Hochst.) Radlk., Dicliptera laxata C.B.Clarke, Ligustrum vulgare L., Solanecio gigas (Vatke) c. Jeffrey and Gymnanthemum myrianthum (Hook.f.) H.Rob.; leaf and stem-bark of Olinia rochetiana A. Juss. and the seed of Cucurbita pepo L. were used. Chloroform and ethanol were used to extract G. myrianthum, D. laxata and O. rochetiana; ethyl acetate and methanol for the rest, and water for all. The extracts were tested against clinical/standard strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus by the agar-diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined. Acute toxicity to mice was checked and preliminary phytochemical screening was done. Thirteen extracts, out of 24, were active (inhibition zone >7 mm) at differing levels (9.67±0.33-25.66±0.57 mm) against at least one bacterial strain. The MICs and MBCs were 1.95-15.6 mg/mL and 7.8-125 mg/mL respectively. The aqueous extract of S. gigas, methanol extracts of L. vulgare and A. abyssinicus, and ethanol extract of O. rochetiana leaf were the most active (MIC 1.95mg/ml) against S. aureus. Ethyl acetate extracts of A. abyssinicus, L. vulgare and S. gigas; aqueous of C. pepo, O. rochetiana and G. myrianthum; and all D. laxata had no antibacterial activity. P. aeruginosa was the least susceptible to any extract, although the methanol and aqueous extracts of S. gigas performed better against it. Preliminary phytochemical screening of selected extracts for phenols, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, steroidal glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, resins and glycosides showed positivity at least for four of these phytochemicals with glycoside and terpenoids in nearly all extracts and resin in none. The plants were not toxic to mice at 2000 mg/kg. Further consideration of S. gigas, L. vulgare, A. abyssinicus and O. rochetiana is recommended in light of their promising potential and safety.
Acceptability and nutritional contribution of grain amaranth recipes in Uganda
Authors:   Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Tibagonzeka J , Wambete J ,   Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Muyinda AM ,   Volunteer Efforts for Development Concern, Kamuli, Uganda, Nakimbugwe D ,   Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Muyonga JH ,   Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
Published: January 2022

Grain amaranth is a highly nutritious crop. It is high in proteins and its proteins are of high quality. Compared to common starchy staples, grain amaranth also contains higher levels calcium, zinc, iron as well as vitamins A, E and folic acid. Grain amaranth has also been reported to exhibit nutraceutical properties. Despite its high nutritional value and nutraceutical properties, grain amaranth consumption in Uganda is low. This study was undertaken to evaluate the acceptance of grain amaranth containing recipes and to determine their potential nutritional contribution. A 24 hour recall was conducted on a sample of 420 respondents drawn from nine sub-counties, three from each of three districts: The results of the 24 hour recall were used to calculate nutritional quality indices. The 24 hour recall results showed low nutritional quality indices for zinc, calcium, niacin, thiamin and lipids. In addition, diets for 74% of respondents were low in iron. A total of 17 recipes containing grain amaranth and other locally produced foods were then developed with the aim of producing products with enhanced zinc, calcium, niacin, thiamin, iron and energy content. Products prepared based on the developed recipes were subjected to proximate analysis and sensory evaluation while the recipes were assessed by farmer groups for acceptability. All the products developed were found to be highly acceptable, all scoring ≥7.5 on nine point scale. The presence of grain amaranth in the products enhanced the nutrient content of most foods, when compared to the traditional recipes without grain amaranth. The most marked positive changes attributable to presence of grain amaranth in the food formulations were observed in the levels of Zn, Fe and Ca. Grain amaranth markedly enhanced the nutrient content for the starchy staple dishes which dominate diets of low income households in the communities studied. These findings show that if incorporated into locally consumed dishes, grain amaranth would fill some of the dietary nutrient gaps. The high acceptability of the products containing grain amaranth and the recipes tested showed high potential for grain amaranth adoption once the recipes are disseminated.
The use of the mangrove oyster (Crossostrea gasar) as a bio-indicator for chemical element contamination in the Niger Delta
Authors:   University of Benin, Nigeria, Wangboje OM , Oronsaye JAO , Okeke EC
Published: January 2022

The study evaluated the concentrations of some chemical elements namely Copper (Cu), M anganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn) , Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) in the mangrove oyster ( Crossostrea gasar ) and water from Golubo creek in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, to ascertain the impact of these metals on the investigated ecosystem. T he evaluation was carried out using Atomic Absorption spectroscopy technique. The mean concentrations of the aforementioned elements in C.gasar were 1.06 mg/kg, 0.38 mg/kg, 50.13 mg/kg, 0.14 mg/kg, 0.39 mg/kg and 1.55 mg/kg , respectively while the m ean concentrations of the elements in water were 0.65 mg/l, 0.04 mg/l, 16.47 mg/l, 0.86 mg/l, 0.85 mg/ l and 1.50 mg/l , respectively. Copper , Manganese, Zinc and Lead were bioaccumulated by C.gasar while the estimated daily intake of these elements ranged from 0.0056 mg/person/day for Chromium to 2.0 1 mg/person/day for Zinc . The M aximum Acceptable Risk values for Copper , Manganese, Zinc , Chromium, Nickel and Lead in C. gasar were 0.79, 0.05, 24.67, 0.94, 1.08 and 1.94, respectively. T he Toxicity Quotient values for the chemical elements in C.gasar ranged from 0.66 for Zinc to 0.93 for Chromium while in the case of water , the range was from 0.65 for Copper to 1.5 for Lead. With regard to health risk to man, the mean concentrations of the chemical elements in the oysters, did not exceed the Federal Environmental Protection Agency ( FEPA ) maximum allowable limit for chemical elements in food. The mean concentrations of these metals in the bivalve were , therefore , within health limits and therefore do not present an immediate health threat to consumers . It w as observed that the mean concentrations of the chemical elements in water were generally below the FEPA maximum allowable limits for chemical elements in drinking water with the exception of Lead . The study , thus , revealed that there is a potential health risk to man as a result of consuming Pb- contaminated water . Based on the findings from this study, it is advocated that the creek be closely monitored for toxic metals in order to avert the occurrence of episodic ecological accidents.
Prevalence of Bovine fasciolosis at the Ibadan Municipal Abattoir, Nigeria
Authors:   Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Ibadan, Nigeria, Oladele-Bukola MO , Odetokun IA ,   University of Ibadan Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: January 2022

Food animals are important sources of high quality protein and revenue to man, and can also serve as vehicles for disease transmission. Apart from economic losses, diseased organs in slaughtered cattle can also be sources of epidemiologic and zoonotic threats to man if not detected and controlled. The study was conducted to evaluate the number of cattle slaughtered, prevalence, seasonal variation, and socioeconomic consequence of bovine fasciolosis at the Ibadan Municipal abattoir, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, between 1994 and 2004 based on retrospective abattoir meat inspection records and a perspective meat inspection survey. Of the 1, 640,095 cattle slaughtered in 11 years, 37, 828 livers were condemned due to fasciolosis, translating into a prevalence of 2.31%. The incidence observed among males 172 (4.24%) was slightly higher than noted for females 452 (3.73%) though significant at 0.05 level of error. More so, the prevalence recorded in the dry season (October – March) was 19, 816 (2.58%) and 18, 012 (2.07%) for the rainy season (April – September) with a fairly strong positive correlation (+0.76) occurring between the incidence of the disease in the seasons. The economic impact of the losses due to fasciolosis was estimated at N19, 618,639 Nigerian Naira ($147, 121) which was a huge loss to the livestock industry and the nation . With these findings, there is need to carry out a more elaborate survey of the disease in selected abattoirs, clinical and parasitological surveys in ranches and ecological studies in majors rivers and ponds throughout the country. Public awareness campaigns, planned herd health programmes, flukes and intermediate hosts control and effective meat inspection are also needed. There should be enforcement of ante-mortem examination in all abattoirs in Nigeria in order to reduce wastage while identifying diseases of public health and economic importance before slaughter. This will minimize health risks and the associated huge economic loss. Compensation of butchers and meat traders with condemned livers is recommended, in order to salvage constant prevalence of fasciolosis in Nigeria.
The intricacies of Being Israeli and Yemenite. An Ethnographic Study of Yemenite “Ethnic” Dance Companies in Israel
Authors: Gibert Marie-Pierre
Published: January 2022

Focusing on the work of Yemenite “ethnic” dance companies in Israel, this article aims to understand how issues such as a shift in collective representations come to be invested into dance practices. In other words, it discusses how artistic creation and identity reconfigurations happen to associate in a dance form, and how an ethnographic study of dance practices and their contexts of performance may be a valuable way of accessing the dynamics of self-positioning of a group within the surrounding society. Linking together “classical” ethnography, analysis of dance products, and socio-political contextualisation, the present analysis shows that the articulation of two apparently contradictory ways of building these companies’ repertoire allows Yemenite dancers, choreographers, and also internal audience, to assume in one single dance form a sense of “being Yemenite” whilst not giving up the national dimension of their Israeli identity.
Crafting Blindness: Its Organizational Construction in a First Grade School
Authors: Gobo Giampietro
Published: January 2022

This article is based on a case study conducted in an Italian primary school where the interactions between a sightless girl (named Jasmine, aged 8) and her classmates were extensively observed. The initial aim was to understand and describe the problems encountered by the sightless pupil, who acted in a social, organizational and physical environment which was not designed for handicapped people. However, other theoretical issues emerged during the research. The main finding was that sightlessness seems socially and organizationally constructed before it becomes a biological/physical handicap. The organizational processes through which the blindness is slowly and routinely constructed were extensively described.
Grounded Theory and Serendipity. Natural history of a Research
Authors: Konecki Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: January 2022

The paper deals with the issue of “serendipity” (which constitutes the context of discovery) in field research and the analysis of data by using the grounded theory methodology. The thesis of the paper is: the methodology of grounded theory is naturally associated with serendipity. We describe two aspects of serendipity in grounded theory: 1. substantive, and 2. theoretical. We present in the paper serendipity phenomenon by using the case of research on the “social world of pet owners”. We show how the research is developed by a sequence of decisions being made by researchers. The process of emergence of the main analytical category, subcategories and the whole theoretical construction during the long time of the field research and theoretical group analysis is presented, as well as the procedure of coming to unanticipated theoretical conclusions. It was all possible because of the interactional character of serendipity happening during the research in grounded theory style of investigation.
Effect of Osmo Dehydration on Quality Attributes of Bilimbi (Averroha bilimbi) Fruits
Authors: Aparna G.S. , Lekshmi P.R. Geetha , Mini C.
Published: January 2022

Background: Bilimbi is a profusely bearing tree and majority of fruits produced are wasted due to lack of proper preservation methods. Osmo-dehydration studies on quality attributes of bilimbi (Averroha bilimbi) was conducted with the objective to standardize the process variables for osmodehydrated bilimbi and to assess the retention of bioactive compounds. Methods: Harvested mature bilimbi fruits of uniform size were washed, surface dried, pricked and blanched in hot water for one minute. Blanched fruits were subjected to osmotic treatment, with sucrose solution of 40, 60 and 80°B for 60, 120 and 180 minutes. The osmodehydrated bilimbi fruits were analyzed for mass transfer, biochemical and sensory qualities. Best treatments were stored for four months in the room temperature. Result: Mass transfer characters viz., solid gain, water loss, percentage weight reduction, yield and biochemical parameters such as reducing sugar and total sugar increased with increase in osmotic concentration and immersion time whereas free acids, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity were decreased. The osmotic treatment of 80°B for 180 minutes recorded the highest value for solid gain (5.10%), water loss (16.72%), weight reduction (22.57%), ratio of water loss to solid gain (3.25%) and yield (21.13%) which exhibited superior sensory scores for taste (8.43), flavor (8.27), texture (8.46) and overall acceptability (8.43). The best three treatments selected based on sensory analysis were subjected to storage stability studies under room temperature. Osmodehydrated bilimbi obtained highest sensory score at the end of storage.
Use of FAMACHA to Detect Anaemia and Control of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Goats of A and N Islands, India
Authors: Sunder Jai , Bhattacharya D. , Sujatha T. , De A.K. , Chakraborty G. , Mayuri S.C. , Perumal P. , Bhowmick S. , Alyethodi R.R. , Chakurkar E.B.
Published: January 2022

Background: FAffaMAlanCHArt (FAMACHA) is a technique for treating the animals infested with gastrointestinal parasites by using clinical anaemia as the determinant. The test is based on the assessment of colour variation of the conjunctival mucous membrane. Methods: In the present study FAMACHA has been standardized and used to correlate the anaemic status of goats with faecal egg count (gastro intestinal parasites) and blood profile. On the basis of FAMACHA score and faecal egg count, the goats were treated with benzimidazole compound and macrocyclic lactone. Result: The result indicated significant (P less than 0.05) reduction in the faecal egg count of Haemonchus spp from 1200±155.76 to 525±75, Strongyloides spp from 469.57±77.37 to 78.26±33.83 and Eimeria spp from 900±240.05 to 195.65±55.34 respectively. FAMACHA score of anaemic goats improved from 4.08±0.11 to 3.2±0.13. Mean haemoglobin (g/dl), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) improved from 8.33 to 8.99, 22.66 to 24.86, 13.73 to 14.76 and 18029 to 19894, respectively which indicated clinical improvement. Highly significant (P less than 0.01) correlation was observed between the FAMACHA score and the haemoglobin level. It could be concluded that FAMACHA is a very handy tool to detect anaemic status of the animals and correlate with gastrointestinal parasitic load.
Hepatite B: a microscopia electrónica na patologia e etiopatogenia da doença hepática aguda e crónica.
Authors: Soares Jorge Oliveira
Published: January 2022

No presente trabalho destaca-se o contributo da microscopia eletrónica de transmissão para o esclarecimento de aspectos fundamentais da patologia, patogenia e etiologia da hepatite B. São mencionadas as alterações principais dos organelos dos hepatocitos no decurso da hepatite aguda e das formas crónicas da doença, e a sua relação com as perturbações da função hepática. São referidos os caracteres morfológicos dos componentes antigénicos do vírus da hepatite B (AgHBs e AgHBc), a sua localização intra-hepatocitária e a sua ocorrência nas diferentes formas de doença hepática com antigenémia HBs. É discutida a patogénese celular das alterações hepáticas na hepatite aguda e sugere-se a possibilidade de as relações intercelulares entre linfócitos e hepatócitos corresponderem a expressão morfológica de mecanismo imunológico contributivo para a evolução crónica da doença.
Disostose cránio-facial (síndrome de Crouzon).
Authors: Alves António Camilo
Published: January 2022

Descreve-se o caso duma doente que a nascença apresentava protusão dos globos oculares e edema palpebral, com o aparecimento de estrabismo divergente alguns meses mais tarde. Apresenta aos 11 anos, exoftalmos com estrabismo divergente, hipertelorismo, nariz em bico de papagaio, arcada dentaria superior de dimensões reduzidas com anomalias da implantação dentária e prognatismo aparente. Após exame antropométrico, radiológico, oftalmológico, estudo da função auditiva e da personalidade e exame neurológico chegou-se ao diagnóstico de disostose cranio-facial. Fez-se uma revisão da literatura.
Isolation and Screening of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria from the Rhizospheric Soil of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) from Lower Western Himalayan Zone of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Richa Indu , Kumar Sahil , Sehajpal Diksha
Published: January 2022

The bacteria that colonize the plant's rhizosphere are known as PGPR. The rhizospheric region is the area under the ground surface that is linked with plant roots. PGPR bacteria are free-living bacteria that colonize plant roots and have positive impacts on plant growth. The objectives of this paper were to isolate and identify the most powerful PGPR, as well as to assess their efficacy in terms of P-solubilization, HCN generation, and lytic enzyme activity (protease). A total of 11 bacterial isolates were identified in the Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. All isolates were tested for a variety of plant growth-promoting characteristics, including phosphate solubility, HCN production and protease production. On PVK agar, 8 of the 11 isolates tested positive for P-solubilization in the 5-20 mm zone. One bacterial isolate exhibited positive hydrogen cyanide activity in the event of HCN generation. In the case of lytic enzyme activity, 7 bacterial isolates were positive for protease production.
Neonatal Septicemia and Drug Resistance; 2 Year Prospective Study
Authors: V. L. Jayasimha R. P. Lakshmi , C. S. Vinod Kumar K. G. Raghukumar , K. G. Basavarajappa Satish S. Patil
Published: January 2022

Neonatal sepsis is a worldwide problem with the prevalence at 1 to10 per 1000 live birth and one of the indicator for measuring the health status of a nation. According to WHO there are about 5 million neonatal death per year with 98% occurring in developing countries. Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat worldwide. Blood culture is considered as the gold standard technique for diagnosis of neonatal septicemia. The main objectives includes, to know the various bacteria causing neonatal septicemia and their antibiogram. To detect drug resistance among the isolated bacteria. A Prospective study was done over a period of 2 year. Blood samples for culture were collected aseptically before starting antibiotic therapy and subcultures were performed. The isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests and antibiogram of the isolates were studied. Out of 360 cases 160 were bacteriologically positive, Klebsiella was the most common organism isolated (21%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (20%) Acinetobacter (15%), Pseudomonas (13%). Maximum sensitivity was seen by Linezolid, Erythromycin for Gram positive organisms and Gram negative organisms were sensitive to Piperacillin/ Tazobactum, Imipenem, Levofloxacin, Meropenem. Knowledge of likely causative organism causing neonatal septicemia can help in instituting prompt and appropriate therapy which in turn reduce morbidity and mortality.
A Study on Bacterial Etiology of Cholecystitis due to Gallstones and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: N. Rathna Priya B. Gomathi Manju , Jayalakshmi G.
Published: January 2022

Cholelithiasis is a very common condition affecting the Gallbladder. Gallstones are present in 10 -15 % of the adult population. Females are three times more likely to develop Gallstones than male. Gall stones are classified into cholesterol and pigment stone. About 80% of them are cholesterol stone and 15-20% pigment stone. Obstruction and infections are the common complications of Cholelithiasis. Approximately 1-2% of the patients become symptomatic and warrants cholecystectomy (1). With this background we conducted a cross sectional study in the Institute of Microbiology, MMC & RGGGH, for 72 consecutive patients who underwent cholecystectomy. The most common age group affected 41-60 yrs. The most common symptoms are abdominal pain, dyspepsia and Jaundice. In this study Gallstones are collected after surgery, processed and Antibiogram pattern also studied as per standard guidelines. Out of 72 samples studied 35 (48.6%) are culture positive. Escherichia coli is the predominant organism isolated followed by Klebsiella pneumonia(52). Most of the isolates were sensitive to commonly used antibiotics for Gram Negative bacilli.
Comparative Study of Developed Tomato Soup with Market Soup
Authors: Usha Devi Gupta Seema Sonkar , Suman Devi Pragya Mishra , Prakash H. G.
Published: January 2022

Streetfood has popular in Indian market and consumed as convenient to eat with reasonable price but sold open dirt areas that found unhygienic, not free from microbial contamination and having low nutritional quality. The present investigation was carried out to develop vegetable tomato soup and compare with street tomato soups and assess their sensory quality and microbial study. Microbial parameters were used to affect the shelf life of the products. The developed tomato soups were acceptable in comparison to Street tomato soups. Hence, low cost nutritious developed tomato soup can be acceptable with good storage stability.
Microbiological Quality of Food and Ready Meals Sold in Fast Food Restaurants on the Campus of NANGUI ABROGOUA University in Abidjan (Ivory coast)
Authors: DAN Chépo Ghislaine YAO Kouadio , KOMADE Thierry NANGA Yessé Zinzendorf , KOUAME Lucien Patrice LOUKOU Yao Guillaume
Published: January 2022

The objective of this study was to analyze the microbilogical quality of foods sold in fast food restaurants on the campus of NAGUI ABROGOUA University (UNA). The detection and enumeration of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, total and fecal coliforms, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, sulfite-reducing anaerobes (ASR) and Clostridium perfringens were carried out according to the standard methods in force. In 3 months, 36 samples of ready meals from 7 sites were collected and analyzed. The results obtained revealed that the germ loads (colony forming unit : CFU) vary according to the nature of the germ, its origin and the nature of the food sampled. The charges in GAM vary from 9.4 108 ± to 1.5 108 CFU/g to 6.3 101 ± 4.5 101 CFU/g. Overall, attiéké-garba and its condiments contain most of the germs sought with the exception of Salmonella which are absent in all the dishes analyzed. Thus, in terms of microbiological quality, 60 %, 33.3 %, 25 % and 13.3 % of the samples taken respectively from the school office aera, IREN - market and fixed restaurant sites are of non-microbiological quality satisfying the standards. This non-compliance is more attributable to attiéké-garba and its condiments contaminated with coliform strains, in particular Escherichia coli and strains of Staphylococcus aureus. It is therefore necessary to improve the hygienic quality of meals served in fast food restaurants on the campus of NANGUI ABROGOUA University (UNA), in particular attiéké-garba condiments and curdled milk to ensure better consumer safety.
To Study the Effect of Auxin Concentrations (IBA and IAA) on Growth Performance of Stem Cutting of Hardwickia binata (Roxb.)
Authors: Afaq Majid Wani Pavani Ramavath , Kumar M. Shiva
Published: January 2022

The present studies on “Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth Performance of Stem Cutting of Hardwickia binata Roxb” was carried out in the mist chamber of Institute of Forest Biodiversity, Dulapally, Kompally, Hyderabad, during January- April, 2021. The cuttings of Hardwickia binata Roxb were prepared from selected superior phenotypes from the surrounding environments of Kompally, Hyderabad. Hardwickia binata Roxb. is difficult to root and need auxin treatment and controlled environment to successful survival and rooting. The cuttings were treated with 0, 200, 500,1000, 1500, 2000 mg/l concentrations of IBA and IAA and planted in poly bags under mist chamber. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. Analysis of variance was worked out to assess the variation in Hardwickia binata Roxb. for eight characters. Treatment with IBA at 2000mg was found to be the best treatment as it achieved maximum in survival percentage (52.64%), shoot length (31.92cm), rooting percentage (81.69%), number of roots per cutting (20.44) and root biomass (6.32g) followed by treatment with IAA at 2000mg/l (T10) achieved maximum. The performance increased with an increase in concentrations of both IBA and IAA. Among the two auxins treatments, IBA was found to be most effective, showed significantly higher values compared to IAA. It is possible to successfully multiply the Hardwickia binata Roxb. cuttings by treating with 2000 mg/l of IBA under controlled phyto-environmental condition. The study evolved an easy and efficient protocol for vegetative propagation of HardwickiabinataRoxb.via stem cuttings to establish clonal forestry.
Post-Harvest Control of Anthracnose of Mango (Mangifera indica L. var Kent) using Essential Oils Extracted from two Aromatic Plants (Cymbopogon citratus (D C) Stapf. and Melaleuca quinquenervia L.) of the Ivorian Flora
Authors: KOUAME Konan Didier KOUAME Koffi Gaston , KONE Daouda KASSI Koffifernand Jean Martial
Published: January 2022

Mango anthracnose is one of the most important mango diseases in Côte d'Ivoire. The chemical approach to control this disease is today decried by consumers, because of the pesticide residues left in the fruit. The search for alternative control solutions, that respect the environment and are less polluting is becoming a necessity. Thus, the use of essential oils in the protection of mangoes against fruit pests before and especially after harvest is a promising solution. The present study aimed to reveal the inhibitory efficacy of essential oil of Melaleuca quinquenervia L. and Cymbopogon citratus (D.C) Stapf against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz & Sacc causal agent of mango anthracnose, stored at room temperature. Five doses (100; 200; 500; 1,000 and 2,000 ppm) of each product were tested in vitro on mycelial growth and spore germination of C. gloeosporioides. In vivo, 700 and 1,400 ppm of C. citratus L. and 1,200 and 12,000 ppm of M. quinquenervia L. were tested against anthracnose in artificially inoculated mangoes. The impact of the different doses of these species on the physico-chemical parameters of the treated fruits was evaluated on day 11. Results showed that mycelial growth and spore germination were totally inhibited by C. citratus essential oil at 1,000 and 2,000 ppm throughout the experiment. In Vivo, the 1,200 ppm dose of M. quinquenervia strongly reduced the occurrence and progression of anthracnose in treated fruits compared to the control with an efficiency rate of 77.76 ± 8.73 and 86.63 ± 5.21%, respectivement. The essences did not significantly influence the physico-chemical parameters of the fruits. The doses 1,200 ppm of M. quinquenervia and 1,400 ppm of C. citratus can be recommended in a post-harvest biological control strategy against mangoes anthracnose.
Agrometeorological Indices, Crop Phenology and Yield of Pigeon pea as Influenced by Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) based Intercropping System
Authors: M. G. Jadhav S. N. Chatte , I. A. B. Mirza D. S. Dhekane , S. S. More K. K. Dakhore
Published: January 2022

A field investigation was conducted at experimental farm, Department of Agricultural Meteorology, located at college of Agriculture, V.N.M.K.V, Parbhani during kharif season of 2019-20. The experiment was laid out in RBD with three replication, under this study there were nine treatments viz. T1 (Pigeon pea + Sorghum), T2 (Pigeon pea + Maize), T3 (Pigeon pea + Soybean), T4 (Pigeon pea + Sesamum), T5 (Pigeon pea), T6 (Sorghum), T7 (Maize), T8 (Soybean), T9 (Sesamum). In pigeon pea the highest total agrometeorological indices (GDD, HTU and PTU) accumulated by intercropped treatment T1 as compared to sole, by sorghum, maize and sesamum was highest in intercropped treatment i.e. (T1), (T2) and (T4) than in sole whereas, the accumulated agrometeorological indices by soybean was highest in sole treatment i.e. (T8) than intercropped (T3). Significantly higher Pigeon pea equivalent yield was attained with treatment T3 followed by T4, lowest recorded in T1 intercropping system. The highest stalk / stover yield was attained by T2 as compared to sole whereas, lowest was recorded in T8. Treatment T3 performed better than other and this treatment was better in terms of growth and yield attributing characters.
Mastitis Detection in Holstein Sahiwal Crossbred Cattle (Bos taurus) Using Different Brands and Dilution Levels of Liquid Anionic Surfactants
Authors: Waminal Yancy Ogdamin , Gambol Marjorie Raboy , Sabado Ahron Caiman , Vallejos John Paul Muring , Briones Ronaldo Curameng , Estabillo Esteward Jones Manlangit
Published: January 2022

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect, consistency, and economic viability of using different brands and dilution levels of liquid anionic surfactants to detect Mastitis in dairy cattle. Fifty-five milk samples were collected and subjected to macroscopic evaluation at a cattle farm located in Sta. Maria, Bulacan, Philippines. Milk samples were brought to the Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters and Genepool Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija for Somatic Cell Count. The experiment used 10 treatments with 3 replications arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. The macroscopic evaluation results showed that liquid anionic surfactants at 30%-50% dilution levels could detect Mastitis in dairy cattle. This was validated by the somatic cell count results from PCC Dairy Laboratory. On the other hand, statistical analysis results revealed that the treatments and the control (commercial mastitis test) were comparable except for brand Z at a 40% dilution rate. Brand Z at 30% and 50% dilution rate were found to be consistent among other treatments in detecting Mastitis in dairy cattle. In terms of economic viability, brand X and brand Y at 30% were the cheapest and had the lowest production cost and highest percentage savings.

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect, consistency, and economic viability of using different brands and dilution levels of liquid anionic surfactants to detect Mastitis in dairy cattle. Fifty-five milk samples were collected and subjected to macroscopic evaluation at a cattle farm located in Sta. Maria, Bulacan, Philippines. Milk samples were brought to the Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters and Genepool Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija for Somatic Cell Count. The experiment used 10 treatments with 3 replications arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. The macroscopic evaluation results showed that liquid anionic surfactants at 30%-50% dilution levels could detect Mastitis in dairy cattle. This was validated by the somatic cell count results from PCC Dairy Laboratory. On the other hand, statistical analysis results revealed that the treatments and the control (commercial mastitis test) were comparable except for brand Z at a 40% dilution rate. Brand Z at 30% and 50% dilution rate were found to be consistent among other treatments in detecting Mastitis in dairy cattle. In terms of economic viability, brand X and brand Y at 30% were the cheapest and had the lowest production cost and highest percentage savings.