bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Senescence of the immune defences and reproductive trade-offs in females of the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor
Authors: Jehan Charly , Sabarly Camille , Rigaud Thierry , Moret Yannick
Published: November 2022

In the theory of ageing, it has been assumed that ageing is associated with a decline in somatic defences, including the immune system, as a consequence of a trade-off with reproduction. While overall immunity suffers from age-related deterioration (immune senescence), the different components of the immune response appear to age differently. It is also likely that investment among the many arms of the immune system and reproduction with age is finely adjusted to the organisms' reproductive strategy. We investigated this possibility in females ofTenebrio molitor, a species of long-lived insect with reproductive strategies similar to those of long-lived mammals. We specifically tested the effects of immunological challenges imposed early or late in adult life on immune pathway activation as well as fertility early and late in life. We found complex patterns of changes in immune defences with age and age-specific immune challenges with contrasted relationships with female reproduction. While cellular and enzymatic defences showed signs of ageing, they did not trade-off with reproduction. By contrast, the induced antibacterial immune response was found to be unaffected by age and to be highly connected to female fecundity. These findings suggest that these immunological pathways have different functions with regard to female ageing in this insect species.
On the mean path length invariance property for random walks of animals in open environment
Authors: Tommasi Federico , Fini Lorenzo , Focardi Stefano , Martelli Fabrizio , Santini Giacomo , Cavalieri Stefano
Published: November 2022

Random walks are common in nature and are at the basis of many different phenomena that span from neutrons and light scattering to the behaviour of animals. Despite the evident differences among all these phenomena, theory predicts that they all share a common fascinating feature known as Invariance Property (IP). In a nutshell, IP means that the mean length of the total path of a random walker inside a closed domain is fixed by the geometry and size of the medium. Such a property has been demonstrated to hold not only in optics, but recently also in the field of biology, by studying the movement of bacteria. However, the range of validity of such a universal property, strictly linked to the fulfilment of equilibrium conditions and to the statistical distributions of the steps of the random walkers, is not trivial and needs to be studied in different contexts, such as in the case of biological entities occupied in random foraging in an open environment. Hence, in this paper the IP in a virtual medium inside an open environment has been studied by using actual movements of animals recorded in nature. In particular, we analysed the behaviour of a grazer mollusc, the chitonAcanthopleura granulata. The results depart from those predicted by the IP when the dimension of the medium increases. Such findings are framed in both the condition of nonequilibrium of the walkers, which is typical of animals in nature, and the characteristics of actual animal movements.
Proposal of a novel pipeline involving precise bronchoscopy of distal peripheral pulmonary lesions for genetic testing
Authors: Takata So , Miyake Kotaro , Maeda Daichi , Hatake Kazue , Nagatomo Izumi , Shiroyama Takayuki , Masuhiro Kentaro , Yaga Moto , Shirai Yuya , Mitsui Yuichi , Yachida Shinichi , Kumanogoh Atsushi
Published: November 2022

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become increasingly more important for lung cancer management. We now expect biopsies to be sensitive, safe, and yielding sufficient samples for NGS. In this study, we propose ultraselective biopsy (USB) with sample volume adjustment (SVA) as a novel method that integrates an ultrathin bronchoscope, radial probe endobronchial ultrasound, and the direct oblique method for ultraselective navigation, and adjustment of sample volume for NGS. Our purpose was to estimate the diagnostic potential and the applicability of USB-SVA for amplicon-based NGS analysis. The diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy in forty-nine patients with malignant peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) was retrospectively analyzed, and amplicon-based NGS analysis was performed on samples from some patients using USB. The diagnostic yields of distal PPLs in the USB group were significantly higher than those in the non-USB group (90.5% vs. 50%, respectively, p = 0.015). The extracted amounts of nucleic acids were at least five times the minimum requirement and the sequence quality met the criteria for the Oncomine™ Target Test. Only the tumor cell content of some samples was insufficient. The feasibility of the pipeline for USB, SVA, and amplicon-based NGS in distal PPLs was demonstrated.
Uncertainties in tropical cyclone landfall decay
Authors: Chan Kelvin T. F. , Chan Johnny C. L. , Zhang Kailin , Wu Yue
Published: November 2022

Understanding the responses of landfalling tropical cyclones to a changing climate has been a topic of great interest and research. Among them, the recently reported slowdown of tropical cyclone landfall decay in a warming climate engenders controversy. Here, the global climatology of landfall decay, based on the tropical cyclone best-track data available, reveals that the reported trends are uncertain and not universal, but spatial, temporal, data, and methodology dependent such that any claim of a climate trend could be misleading at present. The effective area of moisture supply from the ocean, most likely determined by the landfalling track modes, is demonstrated to be an important factor for the decay. This study provides timely essential clarifications of the current contentious understanding.
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) facilitates norepinephrine transporter dimerization and modulates substrate efflux
Authors: Luethi Dino , Maier Julian , Rudin Deborah , Szöllősi Dániel , Angenoorth Thomas J. F. , Stankovic Stevan , Schittmayer Matthias , Burger Isabella , Yang Jae-Won , Jaentsch Kathrin , Holy Marion , Das Anand Kant , Brameshuber Mario , Camacho-Hernandez Gisela Andrea , Casiraghi Andrea , Newman Amy Hauck , Kudlacek Oliver , Birner-Gruenberger Ruth , Stockner Thomas , Schütz Gerhard J. , Sitte Harald H.
Published: November 2022

The plasmalemmal norepinephrine transporter (NET) regulates cardiovascular sympathetic activity by clearing extracellular norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft. Here, we investigate the subunit stoichiometry and function of NET using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy and flux assays. In particular, we show the effect of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) on NET oligomerization and efflux. NET forms monomers (~60%) and dimers (~40%) at the plasma membrane. PIP2 depletion results in a decrease in the average oligomeric state and decreases NET-mediated substrate efflux while not affecting substrate uptake. Mutation of the putative PIP2 binding residues R121, K334, and R440 to alanines does not affect NET dimerization but results in decreased substrate efflux that is not altered upon PIP2 depletion; this indicates that PIP2 interactions with these residues affect NET-mediated efflux. A dysregulation of norepinephrine and PIP2 signaling have both been implicated in neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular diseases. This study provides evidence that PIP2 directly regulates NET organization and function.
Modernizing cement manufacturing in China leads to substantial environmental gains
Authors: Xu Xiaozhen , Huang Beijia , Liu Litao , Cao Zhi , Gao Xiaofeng , Mao Ruichang , Duan Lian , Chen Yanxi , Wang Yuyue , Liu Gang
Published: November 2022

China has witnessed a construction boom and thus an enormous amount of cement use in the past decades. At the same time, cement manufacturing technology has been upgraded rapidly. Here, based on national- and provincial-level data, we adopt regression models, life cycle assessment, and scenario analyses to present the evolution and environmental impacts of cement manufacturing technologies from 1996 to 2021. We find that novel suspension preheater rotary kilns account for approximately 99% of cement production in China in 2021. Climate change and fossil depletion are identified as the key environmental burdens of cement manufacturing, whereas the reduction in particulate matter emissions appears to be the most prominent benefit of the new technology. By 2021, technology upgrades had led to a mitigation of pollution from cement manufacturing by 25% to 53%. Our findings can help inform credible pathways towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly cement industry.
Unraveling the complex electrochemistry of serotonin using engineered graphitic sensors
Authors: Cuniberto Edoardo , Huang Zhujun , Ward Michael D. , Shahrjerdi Davood
Published: November 2022

This study provides fundamental insights into the complex electrochemistry of serotonin by employing a new class of graphitic sensors.
A dual-response mitochondria-targeted NIR fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift for monitoring viscosity and HOCl in living cells and zebrafish
Authors: Qu Wangbo , Yang Bin , Guo Taiyu , Tian Ruowei , Qiu Shuang , Chen Xinyue , Geng Zhirong , Wang Zhilin
Published: November 2022

A novel mitochondria-targeted NIR fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift can monitor viscosity and HOCl in vivo.
Selectivity and stability of N-terminal targeting protein modification chemistries
Authors: Barber Lydia J. , Yates Nicholas D. J. , Fascione Martin A. , Parkin Alison , Hemsworth Glyn R. , Genever Paul G. , Spicer Christopher D.
Published: November 2022

Protein N-termini provide uniquely reactive motifs for single site protein modification. A comprehensive comparative study of the most promising modification reagents is performed, finding that there is no ‘one size fits all’ approach.
Phosphine-catalyzed regio- and stereo-selective hydroboration of ynamides to (Z)-β-borylenamides
Authors: Jos Swetha , Tan Christine , Thilmany Pierre , Saadane Alaâ , Slebodnick Carla , Evano Gwilherm , Santos Webster L.
Published: November 2022

A phosphine-catalyzed method for the hydroboration of ynamides is reported. Boron adds to the beta carbon in acisfashion to yield (Z)-β-borylenamides.
Supramolecular patterns in the crystal structures of 1,3,5-trisubstituted 2,4,6-triethylbenzenes bearing halogenophenoxy groups
Authors: Ebersbach Ben , Seichter Wilhelm , Schwarzer Anke , Mazik Monika
Published: November 2022

Crystal structures of a series of tripodal triethylbenzene-based compounds, bearing phenoxy groups substituted by one to three halogen atoms, are characterized by the presence of inversion-symmetric dimers.
Charge and adsorption height dependence of the self-metalation of porphyrins on ultrathin MgO(001) films
Authors: Presel Francesco , Kern Christian S. , Boné Thomas G. , Schwarz Florian , Puschnig Peter , Ramsey Michael G. , Sterrer Martin
Published: November 2022

While the self-metalation of 2H-TPP on MgO(001) thin films is mediated by charge transfer, 2H-P self-metalates irrespective of its charge state. The different reactivity is explained based on the molecule-substrate distance.
Year-long evaluation of aerosol chemistry and meteorological implications of PM2.5 in an urban area of the Brahmaputra Valley, India
Authors: Rabha Shahadev , Islam Nazrul , Saikia Binoy K. , Singh Gyanesh Kumar , Qadri Adnan Mateen , Srivastava Vivek , Gupta Tarun
Published: November 2022

Atmospheric particulate matter (e.g., PM2.5) contributes to deteriorating air quality, causes respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and risks human health.
Preparation of yolk–shell urchin-like porous Co3O4/NiO@C microspheres with excellent lithium storage performance
Authors: Yu Linhe , Yang Qihao , Zhu Guozhen , Che Renchao
Published: November 2022

Yolk–shell urchin-like porous Co3O4/NiO@C microspheres were synthesized via solvothermal method and annealing treatment. A high reversible capacity of 502.7 mA h g−1 was maintained after 1000 cycles at 5 C, showing the long cycling stability.
Fulvic–polyphosphate composite embedded in ZnO nanorods (FA–APP@ZnO) for efficient P/Zn nutrition for peas (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Han Chunxiao , Yang Jingxu , Zhou Xiaohou , Yun Peng , Li Xue , Xu Dehua , Zhong Yanjun , Zhong Benhe , Yan Zhengjuan , Wang Xinlong
Published: November 2022

Phyto-nanotechnology can improve the nutrient efficiency and alleviate the environmental stress caused by eluvial agricultural chemicals, contributing to sustainable agriculture.
The radical scavenging activity of glycozolidol in physiological environments: a quantum chemical study
Authors: Hieu Le Trung , Van Bay Mai , Hoa Nguyen Thi , Mechler Adam , Vo Quan V.
Published: November 2022

Glycozolidol (GLD), derived from Glycosmis pentaphylla, is predicted to be a good radical scavenger in physiological environments.
Confinement and passivation of perovskite quantum dots in porous natural palygorskite toward an efficient and ultrastable light-harvesting system in water
Authors: Meng Genping , Mu Xijiao , Zhen Liping , Hai Jun , Zhang Zefan , Hao Tianzhi , Lu Siyu , Wang Aiqin , Wang Baodui
Published: November 2022

A water-resistant light-harvesting antenna was prepared via encapsulating and in situ passivating perovskite quantum dots in PAL matrix. The ESY-RB-CsPbBr3@PAL system with high sequential FRET exhibited enhanced photocatalysis in aqueous solution.
Chirality-controlled polymerization-induced self-assembly
Authors: Li Haolan , Cornel Erik Jan , Fan Zhen , Du Jianzhong
Published: November 2022

Chirality-controlled polymerization-induced self-assembly (CC-PISA) allows the preparation of nanoparticles with various morphologies, secondary peptide structures and biodegradation rate by altering the chiral ratio of the core-forming NCA-monomers.
Salicylaldehyde-based molecular sensor with one facile step toward visual detection of viscosity
Authors: Xu Lingfeng , Wang Yuefeng , Jiang Chuan , Huang Yanrong , He Genhe , Liu Limin
Published: November 2022

A salicylaldehyde-based molecular sensor was synthesized in a one-step facile way and designed for visual detection of viscosity in liquids.
Engineering NiMoP nanosheets on hollow Cu3P nanotube arrays as efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Yu Hongliang , Wang Jiwei , Wang Xianming , Yu Ningbo , Zuo Xunxing , Xue Yanan , Cai Ning , Liu Jie , Wang Jianzhi , Yu Faquan
Published: November 2022

By virtue of its unique core–shell open tubular structure, NiMoP@Cu3P/CF shows large specific surface area and short diffusion paths, which facilitates mass transport and easy accessibility of water, resulting in a superior HER activity in 1 M KOH.
Metallic plasmons significantly boosted visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water splitting
Authors: Ullah Ikram , Ling Cong , Li Jing-Han , Lu Xiao-Jie , Li Chenchuang , Yang Zhengkun , Qian Xiao-Jun , Wang Gang , Xu An-Wu
Published: November 2022

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ni nanoparticles has been studied to promote the generation of hot electrons, charge transfer and separation over g-C3N4/Ni@C plasmonic photocatalysts, resulting in boosted visible-light photocatalytic H2 evolution from water splitting.
Ultramicroporous hydrogen-bond decorated robust metal–organic framework for high xenon capture performances
Authors: Kang Minjung , Choe Jong Hyeak , Kim Hyojin , Yun Hongryeol , Kim Dae Won , Hong Chang Seop
Published: November 2022

A ultramicroporous metal–organic framework Ni(AIN)2 exhibited ideal performance of both high Xe/Kr selectivity and high Xe adsorption at low pressures. The amino groups of the AIN ligands form intra- and inter-net hydrogen bonds, imparting structural stability even under wet conditions.
Structure regulation induced high capacity and ultra-stable cycling of conjugated organic cathodes for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Xian-He , Lu Haolin , Wu Zhenzhen , Wang Hao , Zhang Shanqing , Mei Shilin , Long Guankui , Zhang Qichun , Yao Chang-Jiang
Published: November 2022

Three novel pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone (PTO)-based polymers containing different thiophene derivatives as linking units have been demonstrated as cathode materials of LIBs to show excellent long-life cycling stability and rate performance.
Multichannel charge transfer enhanced radiative decay and RISC in TADF materials containing multiple donors and acceptors
Authors: He Zhaolong , Li Jiuyan , Liu Di , Wan Huihui , Mei Yongqiang , Shi Chunlong
Published: November 2022

Multichannel through-bond charge transfer and through-space charge transfer are realized in a TADF emitter D-tCz-D-BP, which enhance both radiation and RISC processes and lead to high EQEs of 24.9% in sky-blue OLED and 20% in a white OLED with high CRI of 80.
Analysis of DNMT1 gene variants in progression of neural tube defects—an in silico to in vitro approach
Authors: Sadhukhan Susanta , Paul Nirvika , Ghosh Sudakshina , Munian Dinesh , Ganguly Kausik , Ghosh Krishnendu , Sengupta Mainak , Das Madhusudan
Published: November 2022

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are significant congenital deformities of the central nervous system among which spina bifida is the most common form that occurs due to defect in the neurulation process of embryogenesis. NTDs are among the most common type of birth defects occurring at a range of 0.5–10 in every 1000 live births worldwide and are thought to have multifactorial etiology, including multigenetic and epigenetic notions. Epigenetic regulations control differential gene expression in normal and disease phenotypes. DNA methylation is a significant epigenetic process, guided by DNMT1, one of the most important maintenance methylating agents. However, the relationship between DNMT1 and NTDs had always been inconclusive and poorly understood. In the present study, by utilizing in silico methodologies we tried to figure out potent single nucleotide variants (SNVs) that could play roles in generating functional differences in DNMT1 expression and we also tried to check (by in vitro method) if there is any connection between DNMT1 expression and spina bifida condition. A number of coding and non-coding (both intragenic and intergenic) SNVs of DNMT1 were found (using the in silico methods) that have potentials to alter its expression. From the in vitro experimentations, differential DNMT1 RNA expressions were found between spina bifida affected newborns and their respective mothers when compared with controls. It is the first report of NTD from Eastern India precisely showing inverse correlation between DNMT1 expression and occurrence of NTD. The findings of the present study could be further considered for early prognosis and future experimental designs.
High-pT results and parton density functions from ATLAS
Authors: Merino Javier Llorente ,   on behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration
Published: November 2022

The ATLAS detector at the LHC is an ideal experiment to rigorously test QCD in a large variety of final states. This talk will focus on recent results over a wide range of energies, which are particularly sensitive to parton density functions. We will review results with high-pT jets, photons and vector bosons. We will then discuss fits to determine parton distribution functions (PDFs) using these diverse sets of measurements from the ATLAS experiment. These measurements are used in combination with deep-inelastic scattering data from HERA. Particular attention is paid to the correlation of systematic uncertainties within and between the various ATLAS data sets and to the impact of model, theoretical and parameterisation uncertainties. Finally, we will also present results on the determination of αs.
Overview of most recent BESIII results
Authors: Scodeggio Marco ,   on behalf of the BESIII Collaboration
Published: November 2022

Since 2009, the BESIII experiment has been colliding e+e− beams in the energy range between 2.0 and 4.9 GeV. This allowed the BESIII Collaboration to collect three of the largest data sets of charmonium resonances (J/ψ, ψ(2S), and ψ(3770)) in the world as well as other data sets at the centre-of-mass energies above 3.8 GeV. These datasets allow BESIII to deepen the knowledge of the properties of charmonia; investigate the light hadrons spectra; probe the decay and production mechanism of charmed mesons; search for the exotic XYZ hadrons and to understand their nature; perform precision Quantum ChromoDynamics measurements (such as R-value measurements and Form Factors estimations). Some of the most recent and noteworthy results from the BESIII collaboration are presented.
Understanding the coherent dynamic structure factor of liquid water measured by neutron spectroscopy with polarization analysis: a Molecular Dynamics simulations study
Authors: Alvarez Fernando , Arbe Arantxa , Colmenero Juan
Published: November 2022

This work is focused on atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of water carried out at 300 K. The main goal is to better understand the experimental results of the coherent dynamic structure factor S(Q,ν) of D2O that were obtained by means of neutron scattering with polarization analysis and previously reported by us [A. Arbe et al. Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 022015 (2020)]. From the simulations, we have calculated the coherent dynamic structure factor in the time domain S(Q,t) as well as its selfand distinctcontributions. We have also calculated S(Q,t) corresponding to a H2O sample. The main results obtained are: (i) The Q-independent relaxation process identified in S(Q,ν) in the mesoscopic range (Q0-mode) is the responsible of the restructuring of the hydrogen bond (HB) network at times shorter than that corresponding to the molecular diffusion; (ii) the vibrational contribution identified at high frequency in S(Q,ν) corresponds to a hydrodynamic-like mode propagating in an elastic medium (fixed HB bonding pattern); (iii) in the crossover range from mesoscopic to intermolecular scales, diffusion also progressively contributes to the decay of density fluctuations; (iv) MD-simulations suggest that it would be basically impossible to measure S(Q,ν,) of H2O in the mesoscopic range with the current neutron scattering capabilities.
Comparison of molecular dynamics simulations of water with neutron and X-ray scattering experiments
Authors: Reich Veronika , Majumdar Arnab , Müller Martin , Busch Sebastian
Published: November 2022

The atomistic structure and dynamics obtained from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the example of TIP3P (rigid and flexible) and TIP4P/2005 (rigid) water is compared to neutron and X-ray scattering data at ambient conditions. Neutron and X-ray diffractograms are calculated from the simulations for four isotopic substitutions as well as the incoherent intermediate scattering function for neutrons. The resulting curves are compared to each other and to published experimental data. Differences between simulated and measured intermediate scattering functions are quantified by fitting an analytic model to the computed values. The sensitivity of the scattering curves to the parameters of the MD simulations is demonstrated on the example of two parameters, bond length and angle.
Complementary approaches to obtaining thermodynamic parameters from protein ligand systems-challenges and opportunities
Authors: Sarter Mona , Niether Doreen , Wiegand Simone , Fitter Joerg , Stadler Andreas M.
Published: November 2022

Protein ligand interactions play an important role in biology. Increasingly the aim is to understand and influence protein ligand binding. The binding process is heavily influenced by its thermodynamic parameters. In order to understand how the whole system thermodynamics work it is important to characterise the individual contribution of each of the systems components. While the change in conformational entropy of the protein can be determined using QENS complementary methods are necessary in order to characterise all components. This paper will describe the challenges that can occur when combining the different methods, as well as how they can be overcome.
Recent Progress on DNA ToF Backscattering Spectrometer in MLF, J-PARC
Authors: Kawakita Yukinobu , Matsuura Masato , Tominaga Taiki , Yamada Takeshi , Tamatsukuri Hiromu , Nakagawa Hiroshi , Ohuchi Keiichi
Published: November 2022

DNA is a time-of-flight backscattering neutron spectrometer installed at the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility in J-PARC. After opening user program, we have been developing and upgrading DNA. The energy resolution is improved and achieved the designed value of 1.4 μeV by renewing the disks of the pulse shaping chopper that can rotate at max 300 Hz instead of 225 Hz of the previous disks. The installation of Si311 analyser mirrors has been almost accomplished, which extends momentum transfer region up to 3.7 Å-1. We demonstrate the effect of this extension by measuring and analysing methyl rotation dynamics in solid toluene at 10 K and 40 K. We also report variety of sample environment available at DNA and their remote handling.
Hydroamination of Carbodiimides Catalyzed by Lithium Triethylborohydride
Authors: Pang Ziyuan , Du Zonggang , Wen Xin
Published: November 2022

Commercially available lithium triethylborohydride (LiHBEt3) with a lower load of 0.5 mol% acts as an efficient catalyst for the hydroamination of various carbodiimides. It achieved good functional group tolerance under mild and solvent-free conditions. The possible mechanism and pathways of LiHBEt3 catalyzing the hydroamination of various carbodiimides are proposed.
How a Digital Case Management Platform Affects Community-Based Palliative Care of Sub-Saharan African Cancer Patients: Clinician-Users' Perspectives
Authors: Ho Yun Xian , Morse Robert S. , Lambden Kaley , Mushi Beatrice P. , Ngoma Mamsau , Mahuna Habiba , Ngoma Twalib , Miesfeldt Susan
Published: November 2022

Background Symptom control among cancer patients is a Tanzanian public health priority impacted by limited access to palliative care (PC) specialists and resources. Mobile Palliative Care Link (mPCL), a mobile/web application, aims to extend specialist access via shared care with local health workers (LHWs) with the African Palliative care Outcome Scale (POS) adapted for regular, automated symptom assessment as a core feature.

Objective The aim of the study is to assess clinicians' attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions regarding mPCL usability and utility with their patients within a government-supported, urban Tanzanian cancer hospital setting.

Methods We used a mixed methods approach including surveys, qualitative interviews, and system usage data to assess clinicians' experience with mPCL in a field study where discharged, untreatable cancer patients were randomized to mPCL or phone-contact POS collection.

Results All six specialists and 10 LHWs expressed overall satisfaction with mPCL among 49 intervention arm patients. They perceived mPCL as a way to stay connected with patients and support remote symptom control. Timely access to POS responses and medical records were identified as key benefits. Some differences in perceptions of mPCL use and utility were seen between clinician groups; however, both expressed strong interest in continuing app use, recommending it to colleagues, and extending use throughout Tanzania. Primary use was for clinical status communication and care coordination. Pain and other symptom progression were the most frequently reported reasons for provider–patient interactions accounting for 34% (n = 44) and 12% (n = 15) of reasons, respectively. Usage barriers included time required to create a new clinical record, perceived need for response to non-urgent reminders or alerts, and training. necessary for competent use. System-level implementation barriers included variable patient access to smartphones and SIM cards and unreliable Internet access.

Conclusion This work demonstrates broad clinician desire for digital health tools to support remote community-based PC among cancer patients, particularly pain management.
Constructing continuum models of acoustic metamaterials via the symbiotic organisms search (SOS) optimization
Authors: Li Xinran , Wang Binying , Liu Jinxing
Published: November 2022

Based on the symbiotic organisms search (SOS) optimization algorithm, a robust strain gradient (SG) continuum model has been proposed to accurately capture the broadband dispersion relations of one-dimensional acoustic metamaterials. Under the continuous assumption, an unavoidable key step is the Taylor expansion of displacements, which directly influences the accuracy of the corresponding continuum theory. When the wavelength becomes comparable to the periodic characteristic size, the coefficients of Taylor expansions need necessary adjustments due to the discreteness of the microstructure. Thus, the continuum theories still face critical challenges in predicting the broadband dispersion feature. This remains widely open so far. In this study, we attempt to adopt the SOS optimization to determine the optimal Taylor expansion coefficients to guarantee the dispersion diagrams causing the minimal error throughout the first Brillouin zone. The robustness of the SOS-based SG continuum model is demonstrated with three benchmark examples, i.e., the monoatomic, diatomic, and mass-in-mass lattices. Such an attempt of constructing continuum models with the help of optimization tools may shed some new light on continuum mechanics of structure media.
Electronic properties and storage capability of two-dimensional nitridosilicate MnSi2N4 from first-principles
Authors: Tian Meng , Wei Chaohui , Zhang Jinlei , Wang Zhaoxiang
Published: November 2022

Through first-principles calculations, we successfully identified a two-dimensional layered nitridosilicate-MnSi2N4 in hexagonal structure, as a novel anode for lithium (Li) and sodium (Na) ion batteries. Phonon and molecular dynamics simulations manifest the favorable dynamic stability of MnSi2N4. The predicted material exhibits metallic behavior with high Young’s modulus of 457 GPa and aqueous insolubility. MnSi2N4 possesses low diffusion barrier for Li (0.32 eV) and Na (0.19 eV), as well as high storage capacity as an anode for Li (320 mAh g−1) and Na (160 mAh g−1) ion batteries, respectively. These properties, including excellent electronic conductivity, low diffusion barrier, and high storage capacity, enable MnSi2N4 a promising anode for Li and Na ion batteries.
Influence of annealing conditions on the performance of sputtered grown CZTS thin film solar cells
Authors: Sharmin Afrina , Kumar Koushik , Al Mamun S. M. Mostafa , Hossain Mainul
Published: November 2022

Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), with direct and tunable bandgap, high absorption coefficient, low-cost processing, earth-abundance, and non-toxicity, has become a promising absorber material for emerging thin film solar cells. The film growth, phase formation, and stoichiometry, as well as the electrical and optical properties of the sputtered grown CZTS thin films, are greatly influenced by the annealing temperature and pressure. In this work, we use a series of material characterization techniques followed by numerical simulations to determine how the annealing conditions affect the properties of CZTS thin films and the photovoltaic performance of the corresponding thin film solar cells. Sputtered grown CZTS samples were annealed at different temperatures (470 and 560 °C) and pressures (250 and 350 Torr). UV-visible spectroscopy was used to determine the optical bandgap and the absorption spectra. The experimentally determined values are then used as input parameters in the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-1 Dimension (SCAPS-1D) simulator tool to determine the solar cell performance. Simulation results show a maximum theoretical power conversion efficiency for the CZTS sample annealed at 560 °C and 350 Torr pressure. The results can lead to the optimization of sputtering conditions for obtaining high quality CZTS films that can yield excellent solar cell performance.
Comparison of refilling schemes in the free-surface lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Schwarzmeier Christoph , Rüde Ulrich
Published: November 2022

Simulating mobile liquid–gas interfaces with the free-surface lattice Boltzmann method (FSLBM) requires frequent re-initialization of fluid flow information in computational cells that convert from gas to liquid. The corresponding algorithm, here referred to as the refilling scheme, is crucial for the successful application of the FSLBM in terms of accuracy and numerical stability. This study compares five refilling schemes that extract information from the surrounding liquid and interface cells by averaging, extrapolating, or assuming one of the three different equilibrium states. Six numerical experiments were performed, covering a broad spectrum of possible scenarios. These include a standing gravity wave, a rectangular and cylindrical dam break, a Taylor bubble, a drop impact into liquid, and a bubbly plane Poiseuille flow. In some simulations, the averaging, extrapolation, and one equilibrium-based scheme were numerically unstable. Overall, the results have shown that the simplest equilibrium-based scheme should be preferred in terms of numerical stability, computational cost, accuracy, and ease of implementation.
Answering overt wh-questions
Authors: Onea Edgar
Published: November 2022

It-clefts in English, their French and German counterparts and pre-verbal focus in Hungarian have
been claimed to be semantically related constructions. For example, É. Kiss (1998)
terms them identificational focus and Destruel et al. (2015) coin them
inquiry-terminating (IT) constructions. Despite their similarities, these constructions also exhibit one
major distributional difference: Clefts are usually no natural answers to overt wh-questions whereas pre-verbal
focus in Hungarian constitutes the default question-answering strategy. In this paper, I show that it is possible to account for
this difference within the Rational Speech Act model (Frank & Goodman 2012) without
assuming any semantic differences between the structures. Thereby, I capitalize on the number of alternative constructions that
could be used to answer overt wh-questions in the various languages under discussion and on a remarkable semantic
property of the constructions under discussion that relates to the way they encode exhaustivity.
Neutron skin thickness of 90Zr and symmetry energy constrained by charge exchange spin-dipole excitations*
Authors: Cheng Shi-Hui , Wen Jing , Cao Li-Gang , Zhang Feng-Shou
Published: November 2022

The charge exchange spin-dipole (SD) excitations of

Zr are studied using the Skyrme Hartee-Fock plus proton-neutron random phase approximation with SAMi-J interactions. The experimental value of the model-independent sum rule obtained from the SD strength distributions of

Zr(p, n)

Nb and

Zr(n, p)

Y is used to deduce the neutron skin thickness. The neutron skin thickness

of

Zr is extracted as

fm, which is similar to the results of other studies. Based on the correlation analysis of the neutron skin thickness

and the nuclear symmetry energy J as well as its slope parameter L, a constraint from the extracted

leads to the limitation of J to

MeV and L to

MeV.
Semi-empirical correlations and an artificial neural network for liquid dynamic viscosity of low GWP refrigerants
Authors: Di Nicola G , Tomassetti S , Pierantozzi M , Muciaccia P F
Published: November 2022

In this work, simple semi-empirical correlations to describe the temperature and the pressure dependence of the dynamic viscosity of low GWP refrigerants, namely HydroFluoroOlefins (HFOs) and HydroChloroFluoroOlefins (HCFOs), in the liquid phase are presented. Firstly, the experimental liquid dynamic viscosity data available in scientific literature and databases were collected and statistically analyzed. From the data collected for low pressures, the Latini et al. (2002, 1990) correlation for the dynamic viscosity of liquid refrigerants in saturated conditions was re-fitted and constants expressly dedicated to the studied low GWP refrigerants were obtained. Then, the proposed temperature-dependent correlation was modified to represent liquid dynamic viscosity dependence on pressure. In addition, an artificial neural network was developed to predict the dependence of the liquid viscosity of the studied refrigerants on temperature and pressure. This model was trained, validated, and tested for the selected dataset. The results of the proposed correlations and the multi-layer perceptron neural network were compared with the liquid viscosity calculations provided by some of the most well-known literature correlations and REFPROP 10.0, proving the accuracy of the proposed models for engineering applications.
Comparative investigation of surface modification and corrosion behaviour on SS304 and SS316 Coated with Inconel 625 in Air and Molten Salt Environment
Authors: Sundaram Sabanayagam , Singaravelu Chockalingam , Malaiperumal Vikneswaran
Published: November 2022

The high operating temperature-based industry extensively requires coating of material surfaces that are subjected to a high-temperature environment to improve their surface and resistance to corrosion. The current study investigated the surface modification and corrosion behaviour of Inconel 625 coated SS304 and SS316 materials in an air and molten salt environment at 800 °C. The plasma spray method was used to coat the Inconel 625 powder over the substrates. Techniques like quantitative weight gain/loss method, surface roughness, hardness measurement, and characterization through microstructure analysis were used to characterize and analyze the corrosion behaviour and microstructure of Inconel coated SS. It was observed that the coat had a noticeably layered structure with layers parallel to the surface of the substrate. The experimental results revealed that the uncoated SS suffered corrosion in the form of residue and peeling up of its oxide scale. Whereas the surface of the IN625 coated SS showed excellent resistance to corrosion formation. It was found that the coating lowered the mass gain of the SS316 by 65% when compared to uncoated SS.
Bio-based poly(ethylene furanoate)/ZnO transparent thin films with improved water vapor barrier and antibacterial properties for food packaging application
Authors: Zhu Chaoting , Yin Jianbing , Zhang Zhilong , Shi Feng
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF) biocomposite films incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs) were prepared using a solvent casting method. The ZnO NPs were homogeneously dispersed within the PEF films with the aid of γ−aminopropyltriethoxylsilane (APTES). The water vapor barrier, optical transmittance and antimicrobial properties of the PEF/ZnO films were tested. Water vapor permeability (WVP) and transmittance in the visible (400–800 nm) region of control PEF film were 6.92 × 10–12 g·m m−2 · s·Pa and 87.3%, respectively. WVP value of PEF films decreased 43.2% through ZnO NPs compounding. On the contrary, transmittance of PEF films decreased 6.8% due to the absorption and scattering of ZnO NPs. In addition, the PEF film with modified ZnO NPs exhibited a bacteriostatic rate up to 97.0% after 3 h. Thus, the PEF/ZnO films show great potential in the field of food packaging.
Research campaign: Macroscopic quantum resonators (MAQRO)
Authors: Kaltenbaek Rainer , Arndt Markus , Aspelmeyer Markus , Barker Peter F , Bassi Angelo , Bateman James , Belenchia Alessio , Bergé Joel , Braxmaier Claus , Bose Sougato , Christophe Bruno , Cole Garrett D , Curceanu Catalina , Datta Animesh , Debiossac Maxime , Delić Uroš , Diósi Lajos , Geraci Andrew A , Gerlich Stefan , Guerlin Christine , Hechenblaikner Gerald , Heidmann Antoine , Herrmann Sven , Hornberger Klaus , Johann Ulrich , Kiesel Nikolai , Lämmerzahl Claus , LeBrun Thomas W , Milburn Gerard J , Millen James , Mohageg Makan , Moore David C , Morley Gavin W , Nimmrichter Stefan , Novotny Lukas , Oi Daniel K L , Paternostro Mauro , Riedel C Jess , Rodrigues Manuel , Rondin Loïc , Roura Albert , Schleich Wolfgang P , Schuldt Thilo , Stickler Benjamin A , Ulbricht Hendrik , Vogt Christian , Wörner Lisa
Published: November 2022

The objective of the proposed macroscopic quantum resonators (MAQRO) mission is to harness space for achieving long free-fall times, extreme vacuum, nano-gravity, and cryogenic temperatures to test the foundations of physics in macroscopic quantum experiments at the interface with gravity. Developing the necessary technologies, achieving the required sensitivities and providing the necessary isolation of macroscopic quantum systems from their environment will lay the path for developing novel quantum sensors. Earlier studies showed that the proposal is feasible but that several critical challenges remain, and key technologies need to be developed. Recent scientific and technological developments since the original proposal of MAQRO promise the potential for achieving additional science objectives. The proposed research campaign aims to advance the state of the art and to perform the first macroscopic quantum experiments in space. Experiments on the ground, in micro-gravity, and in space will drive the proposed research campaign during the current decade to enable the implementation of MAQRO within the subsequent decade.
A comparison of multiple statistically downscaled climate change datasets for the conterminous USA
Authors: Kim John B , Jiang Yueyang , Hawkins Linnia R , Still Christopher J
Published: November 2022

Climate change projections provided by global climate models (GCM) are generally too coarse for local and regional applications. Local and regional climate change impact studies therefore use downscaled datasets. While there are studies that evaluate downscaling methodologies, there is no study comparing the downscaled datasets that are actually distributed and used in climate change impact studies, and there is no guidance for selecting a published downscaled dataset. We compare five widely used statistically downscaled climate change projection datasets that cover the conterminous USA (CONUS): ClimateNA, LOCA, MACAv2-LIVNEH, MACAv2-METDATA, and NEX-DCP30. All of the datasets are derived from CMIP5 GCMs and are publicly distributed. The five datasets generally have good agreement across CONUS for Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5, although the agreement among the datasets vary greatly depending on the GCM, and there are many localized areas of sharp disagreements. Areas of higher dataset disagreement emerge over time, and their importance relative to differences among GCMs is comparable between RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Dataset disagreement displays distinct regional patterns, with greater disagreement in △Tmax and △Tmin in the interior West and in the North, and disagreement in △P in California and the Southeast. LOCA and ClimateNA are often the outlier dataset, while the seasonal timing of ClimateNA is somewhat shifted from the others. To easily identify regional study areas with high disagreement, we generated maps of dataset disagreement aggregated to states, ecoregions, watersheds, and forests. Climate change assessment studies can use the maps to evaluate and select one or more downscaled datasets for their study area.
Star dynamics: Collapse vs. expansion
Authors: Hadžić Mahir
Published: November 2022

We review a series of recent results on global dynamic properties of radially symmetric self-gravitating compressible Euler flows, which naturally arise in the mathematical description of stars. We focus on the role of scaling invariances and how they interact with nonlinearities to generate imploding finite-time singularities as well as expanding star solutions, arising from smooth initial data. This review paper is based on joint works with Y. Guo, J. Jang, and M. Schrecker.
Reading Private Photography
Authors: Ashkenazi Ofer
Published: November 2022

Private photography is one of the types of source material most readily available to historians of the past century. Yet scholars rarely exploit this vast reservoir of visual documents. This article proposes a path toward a more systematic reading of private photography in historical inquiry, which highlights the modes of expression established in the photographs and in the albums. Regardless of the (undocumented) intentions of the photographers—and of the compilers of the albums—these modes disclose their position vis-à-vis the reality they captured, preserved, and arranged in the album. Rather than presenting an obstacle, the “banality” of the scenes is central to my reading of the photographs’ value to historians. As a case study, I consider here private photographs of Jews in Germany of the 1930s. While the Jewish experience in the face of Nazism is hardly an overlooked topic, I argue that analysis of private photography discloses intricacies that have been disregarded or marginalized by historians. In particular, Jewish photographers’ recurrent use of the two modes, pathos and irony, reveals a plethora of understudied reactions both to their growing exclusion from German society and to major trends in the German-Jewish identity discourse of the time.
The Well That Wept Blood
Authors: de la Torre Oscar
Published: November 2022

This article uses the oral myth of a blood-weeping water well from a small city in the Amazon River to discuss the origins and the significance of haunted waterscapes for Black Amazonians. According to this myth, a well that still exists on the lands of an ancient sugar plantation weeps blood to mourn the slaves whose bodies were carelessly thrown there after a life of exploitation and abuse. The article tracks the history of the myth by interrogating its Indigenous substrate, its arrival to Amazonia in the nineteenth century thanks to Bantu-speaking enslaved Africans, and its additional twenty-first-century changes in a context of post–military dictatorship Black rural mobilization. It points to the centrality of haunted waterscapes and slave ghostlore in present-day processes of identity building and Black mobilization in Amazonia (Brazil), and highlights the necessity to study analog processes across the African diaspora in the Americas.
Is More Better? Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid Soft Tissue Filler on the Psychological- and Social-Related Quality of Life Dimensions
Authors: Michon Alain , Hassan Haidar
Published: November 2022

Background

Hyaluronic acid (HA) soft tissue fillers are popular for volumizing, sculpting, or rejuvenating the face. Their effect beyond these cosmetic benefits remains poorly defined, especially the changes in the psychological and social dimensions of health following cosmetic HA filler injections.

Objectives

To determine whether injecting more facial aesthetic units with HA soft tissue filler will improve the health-related quality of life dimension of patients.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted to assess the psychological and social benefits of treating multiple facial aesthetic units with HA soft tissue filler using 3 validated FACE-Q scales at baseline and 4 weeks posttreatment between January and August 2022.

Results

Data for 28 participants (n = 26 females [93%]; mean age: 49.7 ± 10.1 years) are available and reveal significant improvements on the psychological (+24.5; P < .001) and social functioning (+18.5; P < .001) FACE-Q scales and a reduction in the appearance-related distress score (−17.8; P < .001) posttreatment compared to baseline. A mean volume of 4.7 mL (range 1.0-15.2 mL) was injected. However, patients who had >2 facial aesthetic units injected did not statistically score better on the FACE-Q scales.

Conclusions

Facial treatment with HA fillers was associated with a marked improvement in the health-related quality of life dimension. While understanding patients’ aims and motivation, an individualized treatment approach is strongly encouraged instead of a “whole-face” approach.

Level of Evidence: 3