bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of long-acting contraceptives in therapy of mastopathy
Authors: Khomasuridze A. G. , Manusharova R. A. , Marsaghishvili N. G.
Published: November 2019

Effects of long-acting contraceptives on mammary glands of patients with diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy were under study. A total of 206 women aged 17 to 38 were examined. In 50 of them fibrocystic mastopathy was detected by palpation, noncontrast mammography, and ultrasonic examination. On days 5-7 of the cycle the patients were injected 1 ml of depot prover or noristerate or subcutaneously implanted norplant. Injections of the two former agents were repeated in 3 months if necessary. Control examinations were carried out 3 months to 5 years after the contraceptives were started. The results indicate that long-acting contraceptives did not cause any negative changes in the course of mastopathy in 32 of 50 women. In 18 women the general status improved (pain and induration in the mammary glands disappeared), mammographic, thermographic, and ultrasonic data improved, this prompting us to continue our research.
The role of diabetes-adapted behavior in efficient conduct of treatment and education programs in diabetes mellitus type I
Authors: Starostina Ye. G. , Galstyan G. R. , Dedov I. I.
Published: November 2019

Previous publications highlighted the role of diabetes education as a basis for the success of their treatment, discussed the effectiveness of the intensive care and education of diabetes patients programs in compensating for carbohydrate metabolism, eliminating diabetic ketoacidosis and reducing indicators of temporary disability, as well as preventing the increase in the number of severe hypoglycemia against the background of achieving a near-normal level of glycemia. We have already noted that this improvement was not achieved due to a change in the regimen of insulin therapy, the insulin preparation, its dose, and moreover not due to a stricter diet.

This article discusses one of the specific mechanisms through which education can improve the quality of diabetes care. The success or failure of treatment is based on the so-called diabetes-related behavior or patient compliance (the English term compliance means active, informed, positive perception of medical recommendations by patients and their use in everyday life, but not on passive , but at a qualitatively higher level, with analysis of the real situation and the development of independent, adequate solutions based on the knowledge gained).
The function of the hypothalamothyroid system after cainate injection to the ventrolateral portion of medulla obtongara
Authors: Dudina T. V. , Yeolkina A. I. , Kandybo T. S. , Azev O. A. , Kulchitsky V. A.
Published: November 2019

Contribution of the bulbar structures to mechanisms of realization of the hypothalamothyroid system feedback was studied in experiments on 73 adult male Wistar rats. Histologically confirmed unilateral destruction of neurones in the caudal part of medulla oblongata ventral portions after injection of 0.65 pg of cainate as soon as 30 min after injection was paralleled by a trend to increase of the blood serum levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxin-binding globulin, this increase attaining reliable values by day 7 after destruction, when the effects of operation stress levelled. During the same period wc observed activation of glucocorticoid-dependent choline-, serotonin-, and noradrenergic- processes in the mediobasal zone of the hypothalamus, this indicating the presence of functional relationships of medulla oblongata ventral portions with the hypothalamothyroid system realized by disinhibition of this system during destruction of neurones in the caudal part of the ventral portion of medulla oblongata.
Fructosamine measurements in the early diagnosis of disordered carbohydrate metabolism
Authors: Gasparyan E. G. , Nersesyan S. A. , Volkova Ye. L. , Kryuchkova Z. V. , Nassur S. , Kuzmina M. M. , Zhuchikhina A. L.
Published: November 2019

Blood serum fructosamine level were measured on an empty stomach in 97 normal subjects and subjects with various disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (the so-called prediabetes and changed glucose tolerance) in order to elucidate the significance of this factor as a marker of such disorders. Fructosamine concentrations were for the first time measured in children whose parents suffered from insulin-dependent or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The content of fructosamine on an empty stomach was found to depend on the degree of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, increasing with the progress of these disorders. The findings permit a conclusion on the possibility of using fructosamine as a marker for the diagnosis of prediabetes in subjects with its levels of 2.5 to 2.99 mmol/1 and of disordered glucose tolerance in those with its levels over 3 mmol/1 and glucose level on an empty stomach no more than 6 mmol/l.
Enalapril in therapy of arterial hypertension in patients with juvenile obesity
Authors: Malyghina Ye. V. , Gherasimov G. A. , Atamanova T. M.
Published: November 2019

Clinical efficacy of enalapril, a drug belonging to a group of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, was studied in patients with pubertal juvenile dyspituitarism (juvenile obesity) coursing with arterial hypertension. A reactive increase of plasma renin activity and reduced concentration of plasma aldosterone were revealed. The drug was characterized by a pronounced hypotensive effect. No negative effects on the blood lipid spectrum or carbohydrate metabolism were observed. The study showed that enalapril may be a drug of choice in the treatment of the hypertensive syndrome in patients with juvenile obesity.
Characterization of pancreatic beta-cell receptors binding sulfanilamide drugs
Authors: Babichev V. N. , Savelyeva I. P. , Balabolkin M. I.
Published: November 2019

Analysis of pancreatic beta-cell receptors binding the sulfanilamide drugs widely used in therapy of type II diabetes, such as glybenclamide, glypizide, and glyclazide, showed that these drugs are characterized by excellent parameters of specific binding to these receptors. The receptors were tested for two parameters: number of binding sites and dissociation constant. Glybenclamide was the most active of the drugs we tested, the other two agents being less active. Binding of these agents was reversible. The problem of identification of the examined receptors of sulfanilamides with K+-ATP-sensitive channels, similarly active conductors of the information transported by the sulfanilamide drugs in the mechanism of insulin secretion, is discussed.
Characterizing Ethical Decision-Making and Its Influences — Examining Higher Education Leaders in Poland
Authors: Shollenberger Tara
Published: November 2019

A review of literature revealed that cross-cultural research had not addressed the topic of ethical decision-making definitions (EDM), environmental factors and EDM models all of which could influence ethical decision-making especially within higher education. The present research study examined ethical decision-making, specifically how it was defined and its process. Then environmental factors were identified by experts as being influential to the process of EDM within higher education in Poland. The research provided focuses mainly on EDM and cultural aspects as related to Poland and higher education. In the conclusion, results were compared to a parallel study that focused on ethical decision-making within higher education in the U.S. This exploratory study used the Delphi research technique to identify an EDM definition that leaders use to make ethical decisions and identify the environmental factors that influence their decisions as well as an EDM model within Poland
The Culture of Memory: The Approach of Reyes Mate
Authors: Gan-Krzywoszyńska Katarzyna , Leśniewski Piotr
Published: November 2019

The aim of the article is to present Reyes Mate’s project for a culture of memory. Western culture/tradition tends to erase and blur the traces of crimes (even genocides) in order to achieve/restore peace; however, at the same time, this leads to ignoring the victim’s suffering and, in consequence, helps the wrongdoer. Following Reyes Mate, we argue that a memory of past injustices must constitute an integral part of the present and is the only means to prevent the hermeneutic death of victims. Any project for justice must put victims at the center of reflection. Memory is the beginning of the process that leads to reconciliation, for it makes it possible to redress both the victim and society. Moreover, it enables us to reclaim both the victim and wrongdoer as members of society. A culture of memory would also be a response to the failure of knowledge. Cases of extreme violence elude and transcend cognition; they are not only unthought but also unthinkable. Therefore, memory is a consequence not of discovering but of revealing the past: it follows from the fact that unthought exists and the unthinkable happened, which proves that our knowledge is limited and that we are able [and eager] to “invisibilize” victims’ suffering and depriving injustices of meaning. This is why memory should be the starting point for reflection on a new philosophical program against lassitude and oblivion, as well as on idealistic/anti-realistic and Enlightenment ideas. Memory reveals hidden aspects/dimensions of our reality and becomes at the same time an epistemic imperative and fundamental philosophical category.
ΜΕΤΡΟΝ, ΜΕΤΡΙΟΝ, ΜΕΤΡΙΟΤΗΣ. Early Greek Concepts of Measure
Authors: Mathiesen Aleksandra
Published: November 2019

Submitted article presents a variety of the concept of measure in the early Greek investigations of nature, development of ethical and political structures, fundamental norms of the arts and crafts, and conclusively, searches for understanding of the ἄνθρωπος μέτρον challenge. Among the crucial notions of the early Greek investigations, measure was one of the most receptive: from speculative inquiries to ethical considerations, from theoretical constructions to methodological directives, from normative arrangements to technical solutions. The thinkers and sages introduced the concept of measure into the normative reflection of the ethics and politics, enclosing the most essential and fundamental prescriptions for noble, virtuous and favourable life. Furthermore, the concepts of measure combined the cosmological order with the mathematical proportion, logical principles of recognition with the methodological arrangements for the truth approximation.
Rekonstruktion der biographischen Genese einer Bewährungsfigur – Ein Beitrag zu einem sozialisationstheoretischen Begriff der Bewährung
Authors: Zizek Boris
Published: November 2019

Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist es, exemplarisch die biographische Genese einer Bewährungsfigur zu rekonstruieren und auf diesem Wege zur weiteren Differenzierung dieses sozialisationstheoretischen Begriffs beizutragen. Bewährungsfiguren erweisen sich in der exemplarischen Interviewanalyse als lebensgeschichtlich erste Selbstkonturierungen, die im Verlauf des Lebens eine sukzessive Sättigung, modifizierende Ausgestaltung und eine mehr oder weniger gelungene, komplexitätserhöhende Transferierung auf neue Felder der Bewährung erfahren. Neben der Selbstvergewisserung, ist die zweite wesentliche Funktion von Bewährungsfiguren die Grundlegung der Selbstcharismatisierung, des Vertrauens in die eigenen Fähigkeiten und Problemlösungsvorschläge (Ja, das kann ich, das bin ich)
Transhumanism and Evolution.	Considerations on Darwin, Lamarck and Transhumanism
Authors: Bardziński Filip
Published: November 2019

In the paper, I discuss the possible gap between the transhumanist perspective of controlling and perfecting human evolution through scientific means and the Darwinian and neo-Darwinian theory of biological evolution. I argue that, due to such gap, the transhumanist programme is flawed and requires a new and better understanding of biological mechanisms in order to attain its goals.
New records of the rare deep-water alga Sebdenia monnardiana (Rhodophyta) and the alien Dictyota cyanoloma (Phaeophyceae) and the unresolved case of deep-water kelp in the Ionian and Aegean Seas (Greece)
Authors: Küpper Frithjof C. , Tsiamis Konstantinos , Johansson Niko Rainer , Peters Akira F. , Salomidi Maria , Manousakis Leonidas , Kallergis Manolis , Graham Michael H. , Kinlan Brian , Mystikou Alexandra , Žuljević Ante , Nikolić Vedran , Gerakaris Vasilis , Katsaros Christos , Panayotidis Panayotis
Published: November 2019

Parts of the macroalgal flora of the eastern Mediterranean remain incompletely known. This applies in particular to the circalittoral communities. This study, based upon 2 cruises in the Ionian and Aegean Seas, surveyed benthic communities from 40 to 150 m depth by remotely-operated vehicle (ROV) with a special focus on detecting communities of the Mediterranean deep-water kelp Laminaria rodriguezii. These were complemented by shallow-water surveys on adjacent coastlines by snorkelling and scuba diving. While no kelp could be detected at any of the sites surveyed, ROV surveys of northern Euboia Island revealed the first east Mediterranean record of Sebdenia monnardiana (Sebdeniales, Rhodophyta). Snorkelling surveys on the coast of southeast Kefalonia yielded the first record of the alien alga Dictyota cyanoloma in Greece. This paper reports rbcL and SSU sequences for Sebdenia monnardiana, and COI for Dictyota cyanoloma.
What is up and down in embodied language processing? An experimental study on semantic priming of visual perception
Authors: Harder M , Tylén K
Published: November 2019

Linguistic processing has been suggested to involve rich perceptual representations grounded in non-linguistic experiential content often straddling multiple modal cognitive systems. This distributed approach implies that the processing of words signifying perceptual content can interfere with other aspects of perceptual experience through cross-modal priming. In an experimental study, we investigated semantically activated cross-modal priming between perception of auditory verbs and visual motion illusions. Participants solved a lexical decision task involving concrete and abstract verbs while presented with the Motion Quartet Paradigm, a visual stimulus inducing the illusory experience of vertical or horizontal motion. We found that the semantic direction of verbs primed participants to experience the visual stimulus as moving in compatible directions (horizontally or vertically), supporting our predictions. Interestingly, and contrary to our hypotheses, the priming effect was mainly driven by abstract words. We suggest that these results might be due to the socially interactive semantics of the abstract words.
Prenatal diagnosis of megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome
Authors: Markota Barbara , Gross Anna Maria , Specht Christian , Schertler Caroline , Rhomberg Melissa , Bemetz Ulrich , Scheier Matthias
Published: November 2019

Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) is a rare congenital disorder, acknowledged as the most debilitating form of chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction disorders. Because the disease is often fatal in the first years of life and the surviving individuals are dependent on supportive medical or surgical treatment, definite antenatal diagnosis is desirable. We report a case of prenatally diagnosed MMIHS and discuss the suspicious findings and diagnostic criteria that allow a rapid and definite prenatal diagnosis.
Das Böse an Augustinus’ Birnendiebstahl
Authors: Schmid Hans Bernhard
Published: November 2019

In the second book of theConfessions, Augustine flabbergasts his interpreters by exaggerating an adolescent escapade (a pear theft) and making it a monstrosity. He conjectures that the pear thieves might have commited the theft purely for the sake of thieving, and thus, that they displayed a kind of evil that is not even presented by the arch-villain of Ciceronian antiquity, the conspirer Catilina. Following Aquinas’ interpretation this comparison has been considered a reductio in most of the relevant literature up to now. This paper presents a different interpretation: Augustine is mostly serious about his claim–and there might be more to his argument than meets the eye. The interpretation developed in the present paper is based on a construal of the pear theft as collective agency.
Ist Rassismus eine Sache des „Herzens“?
Authors: Shelby Tommie
Published: November 2019

In his article, Shelby critically engages with a conception of racism that locates racism in the “heart” of individuals. Such a volitional conception, which has been proposed by Jorge Garcia, suffers from several defects, the most important of which are that it is difficult to identify racist attitudes without recourse to racist beliefs and that such a conception of racism does not allow to see how individuals can be complicit in race-based oppression in the absence of racial hatred or ill will. In lieu of a volitional conception of racism, Shelby advances a conception of racism as ideology which makes racist beliefs and their social consequences central to our understanding of racism.
Blinde Flecken der Politischen Philosophie?
Authors: Dübgen Franziska
Published: November 2019

This article examines which lessons political philosophers can learn from discussions within Critical Philosophy of Race. The article assumes a social-constructionist understanding of “race” and focuses on the question of how we can reconcile normative universalism with sensitivity to differences that have been created by processes of racialisation. To answer this question, it looks exemplarily at debates within three different fields of political philosophy: normativity, politics, and law. First, it presents objections voiced by critical race theory against liberal, ideal conceptions of justice. Second, the article reconstructs the main arguments for and against affirmative action as a policy measure directed at minority groups. Third, it focuses on racial inequalities in the context of penal law. By way of conclusion, it suggests how debates around justice and punishment and the conceptual lenses offered by CPoR can be fruitfully applied to the German context.
Influence of Sand Size on Mechanical Properties of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Concrete
Authors: Mahdi Zainab H. , Maula Baydaa Hussain , Ali Ahmed S. , Abdulghani Mass R.
Published: November 2019

The deterioration of concrete in places exposed to sulphate salts, chlorides and groundwater movement is a major problem. In this research, polymer concrete was produced by testing four mixtures using different sizes of aggregates with epoxy adhesive and two mixtures were reinforced with polypropylene fibers (0.5 and 1)% by weight of Epoxy in addition to the reference mix consisting of cement and sand. Compressive strength, electrical resistivity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, flexural and porosity testing were performed at ages 7, 14, 28, and 60 days. The highest compressive strength, electrical resistance, ultrasonic pulse velocity and zero porosity for mixture had a maximum size of sand less than 600 microns and more than 150 microns, where the rate of increase (272.9, 635.9, 45.9 and 57.7)% respectively compared to the reference mixture. The results showed also that the highest flexural strength was for the mix reinforced with 1% polypropylene fiber. In addition, the specimens at age 28 day submerged in the diluted solution of sulfuric acid at 5 and 10% for 11 weeks. The results showed that there were no change in the volume and weights of the specimens that were submerged.
The contested notion of ‘deliberate metaphor’: What can we learn from ‘unclear’ cases in academic lectures?
Authors: Beger Anke
Published: November 2019

This contribution applies Steen’s (e.g., 2008, 2010, 2015, 2017a,b) notion of ‘deliberate metaphor’ to authentic language data from US-American academic lectures. The analysis of excerpts from these data demonstrates several problems with the concept of deliberate metaphor and its proposed ‘identification procedure’ (Reijnierse 2017, Reijnierse et al. 2018). As the analysis shows, problems in distinguishing deliberate from non-deliberate metaphors are posed by metaphorical technical terms, the assumption of ‘idealized language users’ inherent in the identification procedure of deliberate metaphors, and the dynamics of discourse. Thus, while in its current state, deliberate metaphor can draw our attention to important uses of striking metaphors, it appears to be inadequate for the analysis of less striking cases of metaphor whose use in particular discourse contexts nevertheless suggests important communicative functions for part of the participants.
The semantics of German posture and placement verbs in noun-verb phrases
Authors: Hermann Manon
Published: November 2019

In this contribution, we study the use of the German verbsstehen(‘to stand’),sitzen(‘to sit’) and their causative equivalentsstellen(‘to put in a standing position’) andsetzen(‘to put in a sitting position’) in noun-verb phrases, such asan der Spitze stehen(lit. ‘to stand at the top’ = ‘to be at the top’) orauf die Beine stellen(lit. ‘to put upright on the legs’ = ‘to achieve’). Among these phrases we are looking more particularly at the subcategory of complex noun-verb phrases which are commonly referred to asFunktionsverbgefügein German. Numerous examples from the corpusDeReKo(IDS) are analyzed with the aim of identifying the conceptualizations and image schemas that motivate their use. This preliminary study shows that, even if these verbs seem very close at first sight, their use is highly differentiated.
Subversive humor in Spanish stand-up comedy
Authors: Ruiz-Gurillo Leonor , Linares-Bernabéu Esther
Published: November 2019

This paper aims to explore subversive humor in Spanish stand-up comedy by analyzing the work of two well-known Spanish female comedians, Eva Hache and Patricia Sornosa. In order to reach this goal, a corpus of these comedians’ performances has been collected, comprising a total of 25 monologues, which have been divided into humorous sequences, which come to a total of 76 in the corpus of Eva Hache and 37 for Patricia Sornosa. The qualitative and quantitative analysis has focused on subversive humorous sequences, which has shown that only 22.38% of the sequences from Eva Hache’s comic monologues are mainly built around subverting the status quo, whereas Patricia Sornosa challenges the heteronormative discourse in most of her sequences (87.93%). Further, in this case study, we have examined the main linguistic techniques they use when challenging the heteronormative standards, namely the topics, targets, discourse strategies and linguistic cues used to generate a subversive effect. Findings show that both comics use subversive humor but in different ways because of contextual constraints. Whilst Patricia Sornosa offers an overt critique, Eva Hache disparages in a subtler manner even when teasing and undermining male power.
Genre and Geoculture
Authors: Trnka Jamie H.
Published: November 2019

Enzensberger’s sustained engagement with Latin American thinkers and literary forms was central to his attempts to shift the parameters of West German debates on literature and politics in the 1960 s. Attention to Latin American exchanges and influences challenges simplistic criticisms of his Eurocentrism and demonstrates how the novel cultural constellations that underlie Enzensberger’s genre innovation engender productive inroads into transatlantic comparative projects.
Titanic und Tumult
Authors: Bürger Jan
Published: November 2019

For decades, Hans Magnus Enzensberger viewed autobiographical writings with a sense of distrust and irony, while at the same time exploring themes and motifs that were closely related to experiences of the author himself. Over the past ten years, however, something has changed in Enzensberger’s approach to autobiography. This becomes most obvious in his essay entitled Tumult, published in 2014. This contribution analyzes the constitutive moments of biographical discourses for Enzensberger's artistic development since the 1950 s.
»Um modern zu reden«
Authors: Weixler Antonius
Published: November 2019

In the preface to his Sieben Legenden (Seven Legends), Gottfried Keller claims that the seven novels published in this collection are a “reproduction” of a “rather profane narrative,” one that can be traced back to older collections of Christian legends, but which has also been significantly altered by Christian storytelling. This article examines the prerequisites for and the strategies underpinning this reproduction project and how Keller tries to uncover an original pretext and a novelistic storytelling tradition. Such a tradition, however, seems to consist in the construction of a modern narrative concept instead of the reconstruction of an old one.
Some difficult Tocharian genitives
Authors: Jasanoff Jay H.
Published: November 2019

This paper discusses the Tocharian gen. sg. in B -ntse, A -s, and the gen. pl. in B -ṃts(ə), A -śśi. The PToch. gen. sg. ending *‑nsæ is explained by assuming an extension of the o-stem ending *‑o-s(y)o to n‑stems, giving first *‑Cn‑əsæ (with connecting *‑ə‑) and then, with regular metathesis, *‑C‑ə‑nsæ, from which productive *‑nsæ was extracted. The more difficult gen. pl. endings B ‑ṃts(ə) and A -śśi, which are not usually thought of as being cognate, are traced to sequences of the animate acc. pl. in *‑ns followed by a particle with Sievers variants *‑Tye (Toch. B) and *‑Tiye (Toch. A). The particle *‑T(i)ye is perhaps to be identified with the ‑se of Gk. póse ‘whither’, and thus further with the locational suffix *‑tye/o‑ of Ved. nítya- ‘own’, Hitt. appezziya- ‘hindmost’, etc.
Germanic *ƀra (PIE *pro) as ditropic clitic and the etymology of *ƀrenga-, *ƀrūka- and *ƀraiđ̯a-
Authors: Kölligan Daniel
Published: November 2019

It is argued that the Germanic forms *ƀrenga- ‘bring’, *ƀrūka- ‘use, enjoy’ and *ƀrai̯đa- ‘broad’ contain an element *ƀra which is the “ditropic” variant of Gmc. *fra < PIE *pro. It arose by Verner’s Law when *fra was enclitic and formed a phonological word with a preceding lexeme, while being syntactically and semantically oriented towards its host on the right. The same behavior may be seen in Germanic *ham- and *ǥa- as continuants of PIE *kom.
Definite referential null objects in Old Hittite
Authors: Inglese Guglielmo , Rizzo Giuseppe , Pflugmacher Miriam
Published: November 2019

The occurrence of referential Null Objects (NOs) is a recurrent syntactic feature of ancient Indo-European languages. As previous scholars have remarked, different conditions license the occurrence of NOs in individual languages. In Hittite, the occurrence of NOs has already been observed in reference works, but a systematic account of this phenomenon is still a desideratum. In this paper, we provide a thorough corpus-based study of NOs in a corpus of Old Hittite texts. By means of quantitative data, we illustrate the frequency of NOs in various contexts, and highlight their co-occurrence with sentence connectives, chiefly with ta. We also take into account other parameters that influence the occurrence of NOs. Our analysis shows that in Hittite NOs display a connection with inanimate and less individuated referents and seem to be driven by discourse rather than by syntactic motivations. In addition, textual genre also seems to play role, and we suggest that NOs constitute a feature of the technical language of festivals and ritual texts. Finally, we sketch a possible diachronic scenario that explains the observed distribution of NOs, and argue that Old Hittite attests a phase of ongoing change whereby NOs were being progressively replaced by clitic object pronouns.
Phonotactics of the Lycian labial glide clusters
Authors: Martínez-Rodríguez Elena
Published: November 2019

The present article offers a detailed examination of the Lycian phonetic development from a labial glide u̯ {w} into a fricative {b} [v]/[β], which results from contact with an obstruent ([β]/[v] {b} < u̯/C_, AHP: 289). The study of phonetic contexts within each lexeme will allow us to establish new conditions for this change, whether extensions or restrictions, and also to propose some derivations and etymologies.
Indo-European cladistic nomenclature
Authors: Olander Thomas
Published: November 2019

The study examines the terminology currently in use for the higher-level subgroups of the Indo-European family tree. Based on the observation that the terminology is heterogeneous and confusing, the study discusses the central terms, suggesting that the whole language family and its ancestor should be referred to as “Indo-European” and “Proto-Indo-European” respectively. Under the hypothesis that the three first subgroups to branch off were Anatolian, Tocharian and Italo- Celtic, “Indo-Tocharian” is recommended as a suitable name for the non-Anatolian subgroup, and “Indo-Celtic” for the non-Anatolian and non-Tocharian subgroup.
The origin of non-canonical case marking of subjects in Proto-Indo-European
Authors: Pooth Roland , Kerkhof Peter Alexander , Kulikov Leonid , Barđdal Jóhanna
Published: November 2019

For a long time one of the most bewildering conundrums of Indo- European linguistics has been the issue of how to reconstruct the alignment system of this ancient language state, given the lack of distinction between s and o marking in the Proto-Indo-European neuter nouns and the problem of the Hittite ergative. An additional complication stems from the existence of argument structure constructions where the subject(-like) argument is marked in a different case than the nominative, like the accusative or the dative. Our aim with the present article is to fill two needs with one deed and offer a unified account of this century-long bone of contention. In contribution to the ongoing discussion in the field, we claim that a semantic alignment system, in the terms of Donohue & Wichmann (2008), might not only fit better with the morphological data that are currently reconstructed for the ancestral language, but also with the existence of non-canonically case-marked subjects in general (Barðdal, Bjarnadóttir, et al. 2013; Danesi, Johnson & Barðdal 2017).
Indo-European syntax in disguise
Authors: Olsen Birgit Anette
Published: November 2019

The Greek noun suffix -ευς is analyzed as a hypostatic u-stem formation based on an instrumental in *-eh₁- with close cognates in Lithuanian -ius and Armenian -oyt‘ < *-eh1u-ti-. Thus the type reflects the inherited predicative use of the instrumental case also known from the Old Indic cvi-constructions and the Latin type rubefaciō.
Stator Fault Detection of Induction Motor Using Walsh-Hadamard Transform
Authors: Sadeghi Reza , Samet Haidar , Ghanbari Teymoor
Published: November 2019

Fault detection in induction motors has drawn growing attention due to importance of these motors in different industries. Analysis of motor currents is a common method for the fault detection. This method is preferred compared with other approaches because of its economic and technical superiorities. In this paper, a modified model of an induction motor including stator fault and a new technique are proposed for detection of stator winding faults. Firstly, Walsh-Hadamard transform is applied to stator currents. Then, variation of Walsh-Hadamard transform is used as the criterion for the detection. Plenty of simulation cases are utilized to evaluate the method. To enhance accuracy of the model, isolation layer resistance(Rf)is also taken into account. For further evaluation, a large number of experimental data were recorded from different experiments to assess the method in practice.
WTO Rules and Public Stockholding for Food Security Purposes
Authors: Kask Ulla
Published: November 2019

The 2007/08 food crisis, which revived interest in public stocks for food security purposes in different parts of the world, has sparked heated debates at every Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since the Bali Ministerial in December 2013. At the heart of these debates are the current rules of the WTO that apply to public stockholding and how they limit (or not) the ability of a government to constitute food stocks and pursue its food security objectives. This article discusses the current WTO rules that apply to food stockpiling and the rationale behind them. It describes the current WTO disciplines, notably in the area of domestic support, and examines the different types of support provided by the WTO Members under their public stockholding programs. It concludes by looking at the main arguments for and against the current rules.
The Ethics of Participation and Participation Gone Wrong
Authors: Jordan Kelly
Published: November 2019

This article examines the way that ethics underpin and affect audience participation in contemporary theatre, illustrated in the performance practice of British-German ensemble Gob Squad. It looks at how a proliferation of participatory practices has opened up a space for ethics to be reconfigured, and establishes that the ethics of participation may intimate that a ‘good’ performance is interchangeable with the idea of an ‘authentic’ performance. It emphasises a double dimension to the ethics of participation: the first is concerned with the self and the second is about everyone else, drawing on the corresponding theories of Nicholas Ridout (2009) and Erving Goffman (1959). Importantly, the article disentangles participation gone wrong and brings into view a new categorisation of spectator which I am calling the ‘dis-spectator,’ who deliberately challenges the structures and processes of the performance. At the centre of the discussion are a group of hecklers in the audience of Gob Squad’s War and Peace (2016), and their targeted jeering at a participant-spectator. My analysis develops a taxonomy of dis-spectatorship that outlines varying levels of transgressive behaviour from testing out the boundaries of participation to sabotaging the performance. Lastly, I call attention to a lack of consideration given to care and responsibility in participatory practices, which can leave participants in a precarious position.
Spoken Like a Gentleman: The Burden of the Voice in An Anonymous Woman’s MANWATCHING and Gary McNair’s Locker Room Talk
Authors: O’Brien Shauna
Published: November 2019

This article compares An Anonymous Woman’s monologue MANWATCHING and Gary McNair’s verbatim play Locker Room Talk to explore the rupture between character and actor in these two works. MANWATCHING presents the personal reflections of its anonymous female playwright on her past heterosexual relationships and the fantasies she employs when she masturbates. Locker Room Talk, on the other hand, is an edited compilation of McNair’s interviews with men about the often misogynistic language they use in each other’s company to discuss women. Drawing extensively from Judith Butler’s influential work Excitable Speech: A Politics of the Performative, this article discusses how these two works adopt different theatrical forms (verbatim and monologue) to challenge the parameters – that is, what Butler refers to as the “speakable” and “unspeakable” – of public discourse. McNair’s Locker Room Talk attempts to challenge the misogynistic “banter” used by some men to bond with their male peers while MANWATCHING attempts to create a context within which women will feel less stigmatized discussing their sexuality honestly. In spite of their different theatrical forms, however, both works exploit a similar dramaturgical approach to achieve these goals and this article attempts to demonstrate the radically different effect this same approach has on each work’s reception by audiences.
Clitic metathesis in the Friulian dialect of Forni di Sotto
Authors: Calabrese Andrea , Pescarini Diego
Published: November 2019

In this article we entertain the hypothesis that cliticization involves a rule of m-merge, which brackets a functional head with another constituent under linear adjacency to build a structure legible at the PF interface.

We therefore argue for a division of labour between syntax and morphology in the spirit of Halle and Marantz (1993), although we depart from their model in rejecting a single post-syntactic Morphological Component, and instead assume that syntactic derivation and morphological operations such as m-merge are cyclically interleaved.

In the first part of the article, we focus on the behaviour of clitics in contexts of V-to-C movement. As object clitics and negation are pied-piped by the verb to C, crossing the position of subject clitics, we argue that subject clitics are m-merged after V-to-C movement.

The second part of the article deals with some puzzling permutations affecting the order of clitic elements. In particular, we focus on the Friulian dialect of Forni di Sotto (Manzini & Savoia 2005, 2009) to show that such permutations are due to morphological rules of fission and metathesis operating after m-merge. We therefore claim that the Forni pattern provides further evidence for syntactically void operations taking place at the Syntax/PF interface.
BAHARAT EKSTRAKTLARIYLA ZENGİNLEŞTİRİLMİŞ SİRKELİ İÇECEK ÜRETİMİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: TERAKYE Esra , BAYRAKDAR Merve Gözde , SUNA Senem , ÇOPUR Ömer Utku
Published: November 2019

Bu çalışmada, zencefil, karanfil, tarçın, karabiber,
zerdeçal ve kakule ile hazırlanan baharat kombinasyonları (K, 5B) (%5), kaynar
suda 10 dk demlenmiş ve elde edilen ekstraktlara elma sirkesi (1.2mL/100 mL)
ile sitrik asit (0.1g/100 mL) eklenerek tüketime hazır, yeni bir fonksiyonel
içeceğin üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sirkeli içecek çeşitleri, sakkaroz (6.78
g/100 mL), stevia (0.025 g/100 mL), aspartam (0.008 g/100 mL) ve asesülfam-K
(0.008 g/100 mL) ilavesi ile üretilmiştir. Ürünler 200 mL’lik cam şişelere
doldurularak, 98°C’de 15 dk pastörize edilmiştir. Örneklerin antioksidan
kapasitesi in vitro sindirim sürecinde incelendiğinde, en yüksek değerin
stevia eklenen K kodlu örnekten elde edildiği görülmüştür (FRAP, CUPRAC, DPPH
yöntemleri ile sırasıyla 640.05±7.26, 559.77±9.26 ve 523.46±16.95µmol
troloks/mL suda çözünür kuru madde). Tüm örnekler renk, görünüş, koku, tat ve
genel kabul edilebilirlik kriterlerine göre duyusal olarak beğenilmiş olup,
sirkenin çeşitli baharat ekstraktları ve tatlandırıcılar ile birlikte
kullanılması, alternatif bir soğuk içeceğin üretimine olanak sağlamıştır.
GIDA PATOJENLERİNİN BİYOKONTROLÜNDE BAKTERİYOFAJ UYGULAMALARI
Authors: AKPINAR Merve , HALKMAN A. Kadir
Published: November 2019

Gıda kaynaklı hastalıklara neden olan patojenlerin
antibiyotiklere gittikçe direnç kazanması, gıda kaynaklı vakaların sayısının
artması ve gıda endüstrisindeki kullanılan klasik yöntemlerin yetersiz hale
gelmesiyle birlikte yeni alternatif arayışlara başlanmıştır. Bu arayışların
sonucunda doğada oldukça yaygın olarak bulunan ve kendilerine özgü konakçıları
enfekte edip lize edebilen bakteriyofajlar “faj terapisi” adı altında
alternatif çözümleri oluşturmaktadır. Bakteriyofajlar, bakterilerin hücre içi
zorunlu parazitleri olup konakçıdan ayrıldıklarında metabolik faaliyetlerini
gerçekleştiremezler. Ayrıca sadece hedef konakçısı üzerinde etkili oldukları
için doğal floraya zarar vermezler. Bu nedenle antimikrobiyel ajan olarak önem
kazanırlar. Bu derlemede, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli
O157:H7 gibi gıda patojenlerine karşı antimikrobiyel ajan olarak yaygın bir
şekilde kullanılmaya başlanan bakteriyofajlar hakkında bilgi verilmesi
hedeflenmektedir.
Hypokalemia associated with mifepristone use in the treatment of Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Sai Katta , Lal Amos , Lakshmi Maradana Jhansi , Velamala Pruthvi Raj , Nitin Trivedi
Published: November 2019

Mifepristone is a promising option for the management of hypercortisolism associated with hyperglycemia. However, its use may result in serious electrolyte imbalances, especially during dose escalation. In our patient with adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent macro-nodular adrenal hyperplasia, unilateral adrenalectomy resulted in biochemical and clinical improvement, but subclinical hypercortisolism persisted following adrenalectomy. She was started on mifepristone. Unfortunately, she missed her follow-up appointments following dosage escalation and required hospitalization at an intensive care level for severe refractory hypokalemia.

Learning points:

Mifepristone, a potent antagonist of glucocorticoid receptors, has a high risk of adrenal insufficiency, despite high cortisol levels.

Mifepristone is associated with hypokalemia due to spill-over effect of cortisol on unopposed mineralocorticoid receptors.

Given the lack of a biochemical parameter to assess improvement, the dosing of mifepristone is based on clinical progress.

Patients on mifepristone require anticipation of toxicity, especially when the dose is escalated.

The half-life of mifepristone is 85 h, requiring prolonged monitoring for toxicity, even after the medication is held.
Cantu syndrome and hypopituitarism: implications for endocrine monitoring
Authors: Theis Nicholas J , Calvert Toby , McIntyre Peter , Robertson Stephen P , Wheeler Benjamin J
Published: November 2019

Cantu syndrome, or hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia, is a rare, autosomal dominant genetically heterogeneous disorder. It is characterized by hypertrichosis, cardiac and skeletal anomalies and distinctive coarse facial features. We report a case where slowed growth velocity at 13 years led to identification of multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies. This adds to other reports of pituitary abnormalities in this condition and supports inclusion of endocrine monitoring in the clinical surveillance of patients with Cantu syndrome.

Learning points:

Cantu syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the ABCC9 and KCNJ8 genes, which result in gain of function of the SUR2 or Kir6.1 subunits of widely expressed KATP channels.

The main manifestations of the syndrome are varied, but most commonly include hypertrichosis, macrosomia, macrocephaly, coarse ‘acromegaloid’ facies, and a range of cardiac defects.

Anterior pituitary dysfunction may be implicated in this disorder, and we propose that routine screening should be included in the clinical and biochemical surveillance of patients with Cantu syndrome.
Los discursos sobre el trabajo infantil en la Barcelona del siglo XVIII: consensos y discrepancias
Authors: Iturralde Valls Martín
Published: November 2019

Aunque la mecanización y las nuevas fuentes de energía asociadas a la Revolución Industrial evidenciaron, más que nunca, el “problema” del trabajo infantil fabril, también en la Barcelona preindustrial existió una honda preocupación respecto al rol laboral de los niños en cuanto principal agente moralizador de la infancia de los pobres. Básicamente, los discursos y las preocupaciones giraban en torno al lugar, es decir, dónde debían trabajar los menores, hecho derivado del temor que infundía entre las élites la imagen de una infancia “descarriada” inmersa en la promiscuidad social de las nuevas industrias emergentes, como las indianas, alejadas del control gremial.Para llevar a cabo este estudio he recurrido a un amplio abanico de testimonios que abordan la problemática del trabajo infantil en la Barcelona del siglo XVIII, desde los círculos ilustrados a la Iglesia, pasando por las nuevas organizaciones industriales de los sectores emergentes y las instituciones de la ciudad
Intercambio de experiencias de capacitación y de práctica profesional
Authors: Vargas Morales Marielos
Published: November 2019

Recibido 11 de agosto de 2009 • Aceptado 02 de diciembre de 2009 • Corregido 02 de marzo de 2010

 

 

Este artículo surge como producto de la implementación del proyecto Intercambio Académico entre la División de Educación Rural (DER), de la Universidad Nacional (UNA) y escuelas colaboradoras. Desde su quehacer se abordan dos acciones fundamentales; la primera, la concepción teórico-metodológica de la práctica profesional de la DER y la segunda, el proceso de capacitación dirigido a maestros rurales en servicio. A partir de estas actividades académicas se exponen productos gestados a lo interno del proyecto y algunas reflexiones sobre la experiencia académica como resultado de lecciones aprendidas durante el proceso.
Actitud de maestras y maestros hacia el trabajo cooperativo en el aprendizaje de la matemática
Authors: Meza Cascante Luis Gerardo , Suárez Valdés-Ayala Zuleyka , García Delgado Paulo
Published: November 2019

Recibido 22 de febrero de 2010 • Aceptado 17 de marzo de 2010 • Corregido 22 de marzo de 2010

 

 

En este artículo se reportan los resultados más relevantes del proyecto de investigación “Actitud de maestras y maestros hacia el trabajo cooperativo en el aprendizaje de la matemática”, desarrollado en la Escuela de Matemática del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, bajo el código 5402-1440-2201. Se mide, describe e interpreta la actitud de los maestros y las maestras hacia el trabajo cooperativo en el aprendizaje de la matemática, como resultado de la exposición a un taller en el que se empleó como estrategia metodológica el trabajo cooperativo para el aprendizaje de la matemática. La investigación contempló tanto técnicas cualitativas como cuantitativas.
Propuesta curricular de habilidades adaptativas para la estimulación temprana de niños y niñas de 0 a 3 años de edad, con discapacidad cognitiva
Authors: Jara Ocampo María Guillermina , Roda Fuentes Pahola
Published: November 2019

Recibido 17 de abril de 2009 • Aceptado 02 de diciembre de 2009 • Corregido 05 de marzo de 2010

 

Resumen. En el estudio desarrollado se fundamenta una Propuesta curricular basada en las habilidades adaptativas para la estimulación temprana de niños y niñas de 0 a 3 años de edad, con discapacidad cognitiva. La Propuesta tiene la intención de mejorar la coherencia, la pertinencia y la efectividad de la educación especial que se ofrece a estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales, específicamente en condición de discapacidad cognitiva desde la estimulación temprana con población de 0 a 3 años de edad. El objeto de estudio surge del contexto de trabajo, es decir, de las necesidades individuales del docente de educación especial y de los y las estudiantes.
Espacios vitales de aprendizaje: su ecología en el sétimo año de la educación pública costarricense
Authors: Alfaro Rodríguez Magdalena , Gamboa Jiménez Alejandra , Jiménez Sánchez Susana , Martín Pérez Jorge R. , Ramírez González Andrea , Vargas Dengo Marie-Claire
Published: November 2019

Recibido 31 de julio de 2009 • Aceptado 02 de diciembre de 2009 • Corregido 27 de abril de 2010

 

 

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación del CIDE-UNA para construir el perfil de docentes deseables y posibles para el 7º año de la educación pública costarricense; en él se evidencia la trascendencia de la ecología de los espacios de aprendizaje, entendida como el ambiente, los actores involucrados y sus interrelaciones complejas. Se describen estos espacios, y su incidencia en la permanencia y la promoción del estudiantado, en el momento singular en que el sistema educativo les impone los primeros y bruscos cambios institucionales coincidentes con transformaciones físicas y en sus relaciones familiares y sociales.
La política educativa y su compromiso con la equidad social y el desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Torres Victoria Nancy
Published: November 2019

Recibido 27 de octubre de 2009 • Aceptado 02 de diciembre de 2009 • Corregido 03 de mayo de 2010

 

Este artículo se centra en el análisis de dos aspectos de la política educativa vigente en Costa Rica: las declaraciones que contiene el documento de política educativa sobre su compromiso con la equidad social y el desarrollo sostenible, tema que tiene estrecha relación con la educación rural, su conceptualización, su planificación, su desarrollo. Asimismo, traza un breve recorrido por el desarrollo del derecho a la educación en la normativa nacional, y muestra los avances en materia de cobertura a los grupos vulnerables del país, con la promulgación de nuevas leyes que estos sectores han venido conquistado a partir de luchas y demandas organizadas.