bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Without Crossing a Border: Exploring the Impact of Shifting Study Abroad Online on Students’ Learning and Intercultural Competence Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Liu Yingjie , Shirley Thomas
Published: March 2021

While all higher education was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, study abroad programs were uniquely challenged by the associated restrictions and limitations. This case study integrates a Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) pedagogy approach and virtual reality (VR) technologies into the curriculum redesign process to transform a business study abroad course into an online format. Using VR technology, U.S. students and their international partners in Germany, Brazil, and India created and shared cultural exchange virtual tours. The redesigned online study abroad course engaged students in active learning activities and cultivated students’ intercultural competence development.
Remote Student Support During COVID-19: Perspectives of Chief Online Officers in Higher Education
Authors: Bouchey Bettyjo , Gratz Erin , Kurland Shelley
Published: March 2021

In order to understand the nature of online student support services during the COVID-19 pandemic, 31 chief online officers representing a range of colleges and universities were interviewed in late Spring 2020. Findings highlighted issues of access and equity in online student support services, the rapid expansion of student services due to the pandemic, and how strength in online programming enabled a more seamless pivot to emergency remote operations.  This study adds texture to the literature on the gaps between support services offered to face-to-face versus online students, and also provides a foundation for important questions regarding the future of online student support after COVID-19.  The study also begins a dialog into the long-term ramifications of siloing online organizational units at institutions of higher education.
COVID-19 and Community College Instructional Responses
Authors: Hart Cassandra M.D. , Xu Di , Hill Michael , Alonso Emily
Published: March 2021

Like all educational institutions, community colleges rapidly shifted to online instruction in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about what factors shaped individual college responses.  This survey of distance education leaders (N = 45) in the California community colleges system aimed to: a) characterize pre-COVID distance education resources, emergency responses to the pandemic, and readiness for online instruction in the fall, and b) determine how pre-COVID distance education resources, emergency responses, and fall readiness relate to each other.  We find wide variability in pre-COVID distance education resources. These pre-existing resources were related to institutions’ responses: Colleges with fewer pre-COVID resources focused on foundational efforts such as creating online student services, while institutions with greater pre-COVID resources offered somewhat broader responses to training students and faculty in skills to successfully transition online. Finally, although colleges improved their readiness for continued remote instruction in the fall term in terms of training faculty and providing students with technology to access classes, respondents estimated that roughly a third of students would still face barriers accessing remote classes.
Identifying the Students’ Difficulties in Comprehending TOEFL Reading Test
Authors: Dahlan Dahlan
Published: March 2021

The study aimed to find out the Students’ difficulties in comprehending TOEFL reading Test. The description of the data through the question as explained in the previous section showed that the students have some problems or difficulties in TOEFL.  There are five items of the difficulties faced by students of fourth-semester students of IAIN Palopo in the Academic year 2019/2020 about determining the main idea, supporting detail, vocabulary, reference, and inference. Those facts are also backed up by the result of a questionnaire which shows that those items must be considered to be resolved.
Desarrollo curricular y recursos educativos en las bibliotecas escolares
Authors: Santos Díaz Inmaculada
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to evaluate the curricular development and educational resources of the school libraries in Málaga. The provincial coordination of the Educational Local Office has carried out- since the academic course 2008/2009- an annual evaluation focused on five dimensions related to the actions of the Provincial Network of School Libraries. This Network is formed by the public schools of Primary and Secondary Education of the province.This article presents the most relevant results of the evaluation questionnaire for the 2014/2015 academic year in which 430 educational centres participated, offering a comparison according to the educational centre (pre-school, primary school or secondary school) and the school year. In general, there is progress in school libraries due to its normative regulation, the involvement of teachers in charge of libraries in collegiate bodies, the use of digital tools and social networks. However, there is a need to expand the opening hours of the library, to reinforce the collaboration of teachers who coordinate educational projects and to improve the sections and links of the web portals of libraries.On the one hand, these conclusions are intended to serve as a self-assessment to help school librarians to reflect and identify their strengths and weaknesses. On the other hand, they show the development of the key actions of school libraries, both their progress and their deficiencies, in relation to the standards established at national and international level.
Reading motivation and reading habits of future teachers
Authors: Vera Valencia Sergio
Published: March 2021

According to PISA 2009 results (OCDE, 2010), the Reading literacy of Spanish teenagers is under the international average, and reading motivation and reading habits are highly related to reading performance. And ass research reveals that teachers can be very important for the development of reading pleasure (Gambrell, 1996; Guthrie, 2008) specially if they are reading models (De Neaghel & Van Keer, 2013), the objective of this study is to explore reading habit and reading motivation in preservice teachers.To do so, it has been used a reading habit questionnaire for university students (Larrañaga & Yubero, 2005) and the reading motivation scale develop for PISA 2009 (OCDE, 2010) with 433 Education undergraduates of the University of Castilla-La Mancha.Results confirm the significant association between reading habits and reading motivation. However, while a high proportion of the participants declare high or very high intrinsic reading motivation, very feware frequent readers. In addition, differences in reading motivation and reading habit depending on the course were not found.Implications of the discrepancies found between what future teachers say and do as readers are discussed.
Representaciones, hábitos y dificultades de composición del texto escrito en estudiantes universitarios: un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Álvarez-Sánchez Yolanda , Fabregat-Barrios Santiago
Published: March 2021

This article presents an exploratory study into the assumptions, habits of composition and principal difficulties that university students in the study declare to have in regard to the composition of written texts. It is a qualitative study elaborated from a series of semi-structured interviews used as a method of data collection. Once the analysis and categorisation of the data is complete, we present the system of beliefs of the participants regarding professional and academic writing. We identified their most relevant difficulties and make clear what must be taken into consideration when proposing actions which objective is to improve writing competencies in the area of Tertiary Education.
Förskolans undervisning i möte med barns informellt erövrade texterfarenheter
Authors: Forsling Karin Elisabeth
Published: March 2021

Abstract

This article focuses on how children’s informal acquisition of textual knowledge is used, or not used, in formal literacy situations involving digital tools in preschool education. Research questions were related to the interaction between children’s perspective and pedagogues’ understanding of knowledge and teaching. The study draws on didactic design theories focusing on the learning processes embracing children and adults (Selander & Kress, 2010).  Central concepts for analysis are agency and flexibility. Firstly, the study examines how the children’s agency manifests in teaching situations. Secondly, it illuminates in what ways the pedagogues’ didactic flexibility becomes visible in the teaching situations. The study adheres to the design-based research paradigm. The pedagogues and the researcher together developed teaching situations involving digital tools. The results revealed the interaction dimension in which children had or assumed agency in dialogue with the pedagogues. This interaction was both context-creating and meaning-creating. However, the analysis also revealed that the children’s cultural backpacks were not used to the extent that could have been achievable in the teaching situations investigated.
Procesy dezindustrializacji przestrzennej w latach dziewięćdziesiątych na przykładzie Łodzi
Authors: Marczyńska-Witczak Ewa
Published: March 2021

Procesy transformacji polityczno-ekonomicznej występujące w Polsce po 1989roku najsilniej zaznaczyły się w przemyśle. Sprzyjają one i jednocześnie wymuszajągłęboką restrukturyzację i modernizację wszystkich struktur przemysłu.Podobnie jak 30–40 lat wcześniej w krajach wysoko rozwiniętych, tak i obecniew Polsce konsekwencją tych zmian jest ogólnie spadek wielkości zatrudnienia, a częstoi produkcji. Generalnie zmianie ulega również struktura asortymentowa. Nowe rodzajeprodukcji mają z reguły inne czynniki lokalizacji niż poprzednie, lokują się więc wnowych obszarach świata, regionu czy miasta. Zatem restrukturyzacja w starych regionachprzemysłowych prowadzi z reguły do ich dezindustrializacji.
Does Increased State Pharmacy Regulatory Burden Lead to Better Public Safety Outcomes?
Authors: Adams Alex , Adams Jennifer
Published: March 2021

Pharmacy has traditionally been a highly regulated profession. In a recent study, the state with the largest pharmacy regulatory word count had 6.7 times as many words as the state with the lowest word count. Given the wide variation in state pharmacy regulations, this paper seeks to spark discussion on how we can assess public safety outcomes in states based on the overall volume of pharmacy regulation with a focus on: 1) fitness to practice; 2) controlled substance outcomes; and 3) compounding safety. In examining these categories, existing data sources are limited and suboptimal, though formal disciplinary actions against pharmacy licensees are very infrequent. Thus, it seems preferable for states to have a regulatory framework that allows boards of pharmacy to deal with the rare public safety issues that occur, while not holding back the vast majority of pharmacists from practicing to the top of their education and training.
Analyzing the Gender Strategy in Math: Good, Routine, or Naive Problem Solver?
Authors: Dwiyani Suci , Nanna A.Wilda Indra , Kusnadi Dedi
Published: March 2021

Each student's problem solving has different characteristics and can be seen in terms of gender differences. Gender in mathematics achievement is still a hot topic to be researched. Therefore, this study aims to describe the problem solving of primary school students on Geometry using the Polya strategy model in terms of gender. This study uses a qualitative approach design. Participants in this study consisted of 4 high and moderate achievement primary school students of the male and female gender. Data collection providing by problem-solving test, and then we conducted interviews with participants as part of the data triangulation process. Based on the study results, we found that: (1) there are differences in problem-solving strategies carried out by male and female students. For high achievement, male participants are superior, while for moderate achievement, female participants are superior; (2) A male student with high achievement is a good problem solver. A female student with moderate achievement is routine problem-solver, and naive problem-solvers are a female student with high achievement and a male student with moderate achievement. (3) Good problem solver were confident and able to find other ways when encounters obstacles. Routine problem solver do not do the looking back process, so there are mistakes at some of the problem-solving stages, and naive problem solvers only manipulate the numbers on the problem into some calculation operations.
Hubungan Dosis Dan Durasi Pemberian Atorvastatin Terhadap Outcome Terapi Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner
Authors: Wirawati Ririn
Published: March 2021

Atorvastatin merupakan obat golongan statin yang lebih efektif menurunkan LDL-C dan resiko penyakit kardiovaskuler. Pemilihan dosis terapi atorvastatin yang tepat dapat menurunkan pasien untuk mencapai target LDL <70 mg/dL sebagai parameter keberhasilan terapi. Penggunaan atorvastatin mempunyai efek maksimum dalam waktu 2 minggu dan mencapai efek stady state dalam waktu 5 hari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dosis dan durasi pemberian atorvastatin dapat mencapai outcome tarapi pasien penyakit jantung koroner  di Rumah Sakit Panti Waluyo Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan penelusuran terhadap rekam medis pasien secara retrospektif dan dianalisis menggunakan Chi-square. Subyek penelitian ini yaitu pasien jantung koroner yang mendapatkan terapi atorvastatin minimal 1 bulan yang kemudian dilihat kadar LDL <70 mg/dL. Dari total 85 pasien diperoleh hasil analisis hubungan dosis atorvastatin (p=1,000) dan durasi atorvastatin (p=0,519) terhadap tercapainya target LDL <70 mg/dL.
Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) pada pekerja PT.X
Authors: Yunus Muhammad , Raharjo Widi , Fitriangga Agus
Published: March 2021

Latar belakang: Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) adalah penyakit saluran pernapasan atas atau bawah, dimulai dari hidung sampai ke alveoli, dapat menular, dan juga dapat menimbulkan berbagai spektrum penyakit berkisar dari tanpa gejala atau infeksi ringan sampai penyakit parah dan mematikan, tergantung patogen penyebab, faktor lingkungan, dan faktor pejamu. Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri, virus, jamur dan polusi udara yang menjadi sumber infeksi pada bagian saluran pernapasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor -faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut di PT. X. Metode: Penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel 43 orang. Hasil: Determinan kejadian ISPA adalah usia (p=0,001), jenis kelamin (p=1,000), pengetahuan (p=0,004), pendidikan (p=0,023), masa kerja (p=0,745), fasilitas kesehatan (p=0,535), penggunaan APD (p=0,032), peran petugas kesehatan (p=0,116), peran petugas K3 (p=1,000). Analisis multivariat menghasilkan determinan usia (p=0,002), dan pengetahuan (p=0,028). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara usia, pengetahuan, pendidikan, dan penggunaan APD dengan kejadian ISPA pada pekerja PT. X. Variabel yang paling berpengaruh adalah usia, dan pengetahuan.
Efektivitas penyuluhan dengan media audiovisual terhadap tingkat pengetahuan wanita usia subur tentang kanker serviks di Puskesmas Tanjung Sekayam Kecamatan Kapuas Kabupaten Sanggau
Authors: Fitto Mikhael Zein , Putri Eka Ardiani , Armyanti Ita
Published: March 2021

Latar belakang: Kanker serviks menempati urutan keempat keganasan yang menyerang wanita di dunia. Patogenesis kanker serviks dikaitkan dengan adanya infeksi virus HPV tipe 16 dan 18. Pencegahan kanker serviks yaitu dengan menghindari faktor risiko dan melakukan pemeriksaan deteksi dini seperti IVA dan pap smear. Rendahnya pengetahuan menyebabkan kurangnya kepedulian terhadap faktor risiko kanker serviks dan partisipasi wanita usia subur dalam melakukan upaya deteksi dini. Penyuluhan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan wanita usia subur sehingga diharapkan dapat mencegah faktor risiko kanker serviks dan aktif dalam melakukan upaya deteksi dini. Metode: Penelitan menggunakan metode pra eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pretest-postest. Populasi penelitian seluruh wanita usia subur di Puskesmas Tanjung Sekayam. Sampel penelitian diambil secara accidental sampling dengan jumlah 50 wanita usia subur. Analisis bivariat menggunakan paired sample T-test. Hasil: Pengetahuan baik sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan sebanyak 8 orang dan sesudah penyuluhan menjadi sebanyak 21 orang. Mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 25 orang setelah penyuluhan. Hasil paired sample T-test diperoleh nilai signifikan 0,00 ( sig < 0,05). Terdapat pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan tentang kanker serviks. Kesimpulan: Penyuluhan menggunakan media audiovisual efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan wanita usia subur tentang kanker serviks.
Two-message quantum interactive proofs and the quantum separability problem
Authors: Hayden Patrick , Milner Kevin , Wilde Mark M.
Published: March 2021

Suppose that a polynomial-time mixed-state quantum circuit, described as a sequence of local unitary interactions followed by a partial trace, generates a quantum state shared between two parties. One might then wonder, does this quantum circuit produce a state that is separable or entangled? Here, we give evidence that it is computationally hard to decide the answer to this question, even if one has access to the power of quantum computation. We begin by exhibiting a two-message quantum interactive proof system that can decide the answer to a promise version of the question. We then prove that the promise problem is hard for the class of promise problems with "quantum statistical zero knowledge" QSZK proof systems by demonstrating a polynomial-time Karp reduction from the QSZK-complete promise problem "quantum state distinguishability" to our quantum separability problem. By exploiting Knill's efficient encoding of a matrix description of a state into a description of a circuit to generate the state, we can show that our promise problem is NP-hard with respect to Cook reductions. Thus, the quantum separability problem (as phrased above) constitutes the first nontrivial promise problem decidable by a two-message quantum interactive proof system while being hard for both NP and QSZK. We also consider a variant of the problem, in which a given polynomial-time mixed-state quantum circuit accepts a quantum state as input, and the question is to decide if there is an input to this circuit which makes its output separable across some bipartite cut. We prove that this problem is a complete promise problem for the class QIP of problems decidable by quantum interactive proof systems. Finally, we show that a two-message quantum interactive proof system can also decide a multipartite generalization of the quantum separability problem.
Indirect Red and Near-Infrared Z-to-E Photoisomerization of ortho-Functionalized Azobenzenes via Triplet Energy Transfer
Authors: Isokuortti Jussi , Kuntze Kim , Virkki Matti , Ahmed Zafar , Vuorimaa-Laukkanen Elina , Filatov Mikhail A. , Turshatov Andrey , Laaksonen Timo , Priimägi Arri , Durandin Nikita A.
Published: March 2021

Designing azobenzene photoswitches capable of selective and efficient photoisomerization by long wavelength excitation is a long-standing challenge. Indirect excitation can expand the properties of the photoswitching system beyond the intrinsic limits of azobenzenes. Herein, a rapid Z-to-E isomerization of two ortho-functionalized azobenzenes with near-unity photoconversion was facilitated via triplet energy transfer upon red and near-infrared (up to 770 nm) excitation of porphyrin photosensitizers in catalytic micromolar concentrations. Our results indicate that the whole process of triplet-sensitized isomerization is strongly entropy-driven. This ensures efficient Z-to-E photoswitching even when the azobenzene triplet energy is considerably higher (>200 meV) than for the sensitizer, which is the key for the expansion of excitation wavelengths into the near-infrared spectral range.
The Egg-Shaped Crystals That Should Not Be: A Brain-like Texture Combined with Single Crystallinity
Authors: singh vivek , Houben Lothar , shimon linda , Cohen Sidney , Golani Ofra , Feldman Yishay , Lahav Michal , van der Boom Milko
Published: March 2021

We demonstrate here a unique metallo-organic material where the appearance and the internal crystal structure contradict. The egg-shaped (ovoid) crystals have a "brain-like" texture. Although these micro-sized crystals are monodispersed; like fingerprints the grainy surfaces are never alike. Remarkable, our X-ray and electron diffraction studies unexpectedly revealed that these structures are single crystals comprising a continuous coordination network of homochiral hexagonal and triangular channels. By applying different reaction condition, a series of isostructural and monodisperse crystals were obtained having a monodomain appearance. These results indicate that families of isostructural crystals following the established rules for crystal growth contain hidden gems to be discovered with fascinating multidomain morphologies.
Comparison of Structure- and Ligand-Based Scoring Functions for Deep Generative Models: A GPCR Case Study
Authors: Thomas Morgan , Smith Rob , O’Boyle Noel M. , Graaf Chris de , Bender Andreas
Published: March 2021

Deep generative models have shown the ability to devise both valid and novel chemistry, which could significantly accelerate the identification of bioactive compounds. Many current models, however, use molecular descriptors or ligand-based predictive methods to guide molecule generation towards a desirable property space. This restricts their application to relatively data-rich targets, neglecting those where little data is available to sufficiently train a predictor. Moreover, ligand-based models often bias molecule generation towards previously established chemical space, thereby limiting their ability to identify truly novel chemotypes. In this work, we assess the ability of using molecular docking via Glide – a structure-based approach – as a scoring function to guide the deep generative model REINVENT and compare model performance and behaviour to a ligand-based scoring function. Additionally, we modify the previously published MOSES benchmarking dataset to remove any induced bias towards non-protonatable groups. We also propose a new metric to measure dataset diversity, which is less confounded by the distribution of heavy atom count than the commonly used internal diversity metric. With respect to the main findings, we found that when optimizing the docking score against DRD2, the model improves predicted ligand affinity beyond that of known DRD2 active molecules. In addition, generated molecules occupy complementary chemical and physicochemical space compared to the ligand-based approach, and novel physicochemical space compared to known DRD2 active molecules. Furthermore, the structure-based approach learns to generate molecules that satisfy crucial residue interactions, which is information only available when taking protein structure into account. Overall, this work demonstrates the advantage of using molecular docking to guide de novo molecule generation over ligand-based predictors with respect to predicted affinity, novelty, and the ability to identify key interactions between ligand and protein target. Practically, this approach has applications in early hit generation campaigns to enrich a virtual library towards a particular target, and also in novelty-focused projects, where de novo molecule generation either has no prior ligand knowledge available or should not be biased by it.
Economic Factors and Performance Measurement of Regional Governments in Sumatra and Java
Authors: Alam Ryan Saputra , Kamela Hurian
Published: March 2021

One measurement of performance in local government is the regional government performance score (EKPPD). The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of economic factors with performance scores in local government. This study conducted 119 cities and regencies in Java and Sumatra for 2 years, 2015-2016. The total sample is 238 cities and districts. The reason for this sample was chosen because Java and Sumatra are two large islands in Indonesia and have quite high economic development. The research method used is regression using panel data. The dependent variable used is the performance score from the Regional Government. The independent variable used is economic factors such as the Human Development Index (HDI). Control variables are Poverty Rate and GINI Coefficient. The results of this study explain that HDI and GINI have a positive effect on the performance of local governments. The contribution of this study provides an explanation that the higher the poverty rate inherent with the better quality of life of the community, prove that developments in the City / Regency in the Regional Government have been implemented by the Regional Government following the capacity of the Regional Government.
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN RISIKO TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PERBANKAN TAHUN 2017 - 2019 (STUDI PADA BANK SWASTA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI)
Authors: Fahlevi Diza , Manda Gusganda Suria
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh manajemen risiko yang diproksikan dengan Net Performing Loan atau NPL dan Loan to Deposit Rasio atau LDR terhadap kinerja keuangan perbankan yang diproksikan dengan Return On Assets atau ROA. Dalam penelitian ini yang menjadi populasi adalah bank swasta yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia atau BEI sebanyak 7 bank dari tahun 2017 sampai dengan 2019. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Net Performing loan atau NPL dan Loan to Deposit Rasio atau LDR secara bersama - sama tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return On Assets atau ROA. Dan Net Performing Loan atau NPL melalui uji t menunjukkan bahwa berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Return On Assets atau ROA. Dan secara parsial Loan to Deposit Rasio atau LDR memiliki pengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan. Temuan ini mendukung penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Bambang Sudiyatno dan Jati Suroso (2010) menyatakan bahwa Loan to Deposit Rasio atau LDR memiliki pengaruh yang positif tetapi tidak signifikan atau tidak berarti terhadap Return On Asset atau ROA.
Multi-Objective Regression Test Selection
Authors: Chen Yizhen , Chen Mei-Hwa
Published: March 2021

Regression testing is challenging, yet essential, for maintaining evolving complex soft- ware. Efficient regression testing that minimizes the regression testing time and maximizes the detection of the regression faults is in great demand for fast-paced software develop- ment. Many research studies have been proposed for selecting regression tests under a time constraint. This paper presents a new approach that first evaluates the fault detectability of each regression test based on the extent to which the test is impacted by the changes. Then, two optimization algorithms are proposed to optimize a multi-objective function that takes fault detectability and execution time of the test as inputs to select an optimal subset of the regression tests that can detect maximal regression faults under a given time constraint. The validity and efficacy of the approach were evaluated using two empirical studies on industrial systems. The promising results suggest that the proposed approach has great potential to ensure the quality of the fast-paced evolving systems.
Cloud Applications Adoption: User Study Survey From Industry and Academia
Authors: Kiswani Jalal , Dascalu Sergiu , Harris Frederick
Published: March 2021

Cloud computing has changed the ways software systems are developed, deployed, and managed. Even though cloud computing could reduce cost, time to market, and increase the scalability of applications and systems, there are some debates about the actual adoption of cloud computing in general and cloud applications in particular by organizations from both, industry and academia, and whether stakeholders of organizations look for them as opportunities or risks. To answer these debates, we conducted a user study that included professionals from industry and academia, with various experience levels and job-roles, to be able to get a common understanding of the real value of cloud computing. In particular, the study included questions about the preferred approach of developing green-field applications and the availability of resources and expertise. In addition, it included questions about the cost of development, maintainability, and operations of cloud applications. The results of the user study are presented and discussed, and we believe that it is promising and could be used as the base of future directions of research and technology innovation.
Clinical effectiveness and costs of pre-hospital inhaled methoxyflurane for acute pain in trauma in adults: non-randomised control group study
Authors: Siriwardena A. Niroshan , Smith Murray D. , Rowan Elise , Spaight Rob
Published: March 2021

 Aims: Inhaled methoxyflurane, newly licensed in Europe for acute trauma pain in adults, has limited evidence of effectiveness in the pre-hospital setting. We aimed to investigate the clinical effectiveness and costs of methoxyflurane delivered when administered
by ambulance staff compared with usual analgesic practice (UAP) for adults with trauma.

 Methods: A non-randomised control group design was used to compare methoxyflurane versus Entonox® or parenteral analgesics. Verbal numerical
pain scores (VNPS) were gathered over time in adults with moderate to severe trauma pain attended by ambulance staff trained in administering and supplied with methoxyflurane. Comparator VNPS were obtained from database records of UAP in similar patients. Clinical efficacy was tested using
an Ordered Probit panel regression model of pain intensity linked by observational rules to VNPS. Scenario analyses were used to compare durations under analgesia spent in severe pain, and costs.

 Results: Over the 12-month evaluation period,
96 trained paramedics and technicians prepared 510 doses of methoxyflurane for administration to a grand total of 483 patients. Thirty-two patients reported side effects, 19 of whom discontinued early. Thirteen patients, 10 aged over 75 years, were nonadherent to instructions given on inhaler
use. Modelling results included demonstration of statistically significant clinical effectiveness of methoxyflurane over each comparator (all p-values <0.001). Methoxyflurane’s time to achieve maximum pain relief was significantly faster (all p-values <0.001): 25.7 mins (95%CI
24.4‐27.0) versus Entonox® 44.4 (39.5‐49.3); 25.8 (24.5‐27.1) versus IV paracetamol 40.7 (34.6‐46.9); 25.7 (24.4‐27.0) versus IV morphine sulfate 41.9 (38.9‐44.8). Scenario analyses of time spent in severe pain (VNPS on administration
just scoring 10 reducing to a score of 7) were significantly less for methoxyflurane (all difference p-values <0.001): 7.6 mins (95%CI 6.5‐8.7) versus Entonox® 24.6 (20.1‐29.0); 6.7 (5.6‐7.7) versus IV paracetamol 23.0 (17.9‐28.0); 6.9 (5.9‐7.9)
versus IV morphine sulfate 14.9 (13.3‐16.6). Costing scenarios compared single-dose use of methoxyflurane versus Entonox® and versus parenteral analgesics (80‐20% weighted episode mix of morphine sulfate and paracetamol). In both scenarios, the benefits of methoxyflurane
were achieved at higher cost: the additional cost per treated patient was £8.77 versus Entonox® and £9.69 versus parenteral analgesics. The BNF list price for one vial containing a 3 mL dose of methoxyflurane for vaporisation in a Penthrox® inhaler
is £17.89 per pack.

 Conclusion: Methoxyflurane administered by ambulance clinicians reduced moderate or severe pain due to trauma in adults more rapidly compared to Entonox® or parenteral drugs. Methoxyflurane provides a
useful addition to pre-hospital analgesia.
An exploration of UK paramedics’ experiences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation-induced consciousness
Authors: Gregory Pete , Mays Ben , Kilner Tim , Sudron Ceri
Published: March 2021

 Introduction: Consciousness may occur during cardiopulmonary resuscitation despite the absence of a palpable pulse. This phenomenon, known as CPR-Induced Consciousness (CPR-IC), was first described over three decades ago and there has been an increase
in case reports describing it. However, there remains limited evidence in relation to the incidence of CPR-IC and to practitioners’ experiences of it.

 Methods: A mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey of paramedics who were registered with
the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) and working in the United Kingdom (UK) at the time of the survey. Participants who had experienced CPR-IC were asked to provide details about the number of episodes, a description of how consciousness was manifested and whether or not it interfered
with resuscitation.

 Results: 293 eligible participants completed the study and 167 (57%) said that they had witnessed CPR-IC. Of those, over 56% reported that they had experienced it on at least two occasions. CPR-IC was deemed to interfere with
resuscitation in nearly 50% of first experiences but this fell to around 31% by the third experience. The most common reasons for CPR-IC to interfere with resuscitation were: patient resisting clinical interventions, increased rhythm and pulse checks, distress, confusion and reluctance to
perform CPR.

 Conclusions: The prevalence of CPR-IC in our study was similar to that in earlier studies; however, unlike the other studies, we did not define what constituted interfering CPR-IC. Our findings suggest that interference may be related
as much to the exposure of the clinician to CPR-IC as to any specific characteristic of the phenomenon itself.
Good Beginnings: Launching Imagining SoTL
Authors: Yeo Michelle
Published: March 2021

Writing this introduction is an exciting moment as we prepare to launch this new SoTL journal, which provides a forum to highlight the work shared at the annual Banff Symposium for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. We called it Imagining because of the inspirational Blackfoot translation of Mount Royal University’s (MRU’s) Institute for Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. Leo Fox, of the Kainai Nation, offered the translation, ksimstaani, which can also be translated into English as “imagining.” Thus, the journal is called Imagining SoTL: Selections from the Banff Symposium. We intend to speak to the aspirational nature of SoTL, its inherent hopefulness.
Mantıksal Regresyon Yöntemi ile Adıyaman İli Heyelan Duyarlılık Değerlendirmesi
Authors: TEKİN Senem
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada; Adıyaman il geneli (7.298,96 km2) için mantıksal regresyon yöntemi kullanılarak heyelan duyarlılık çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. İl sınırı içerisinde yaklaşık 600 heyelan bulunmakta olup; Adıyaman il yüzölçümünün % 6’sını kapsamaktadır. Adıyaman ili heyelan envanter haritası, Türkiye tarihsel heyelan envanteri temel alınarak, ortofotolar, uzaktan algılama görüntüleri ve arazi araştırmaları ile hazırlanmıştır. Lojistik regresyon yöntemi, bağımlı değişkenin ikili gözlendiği durumlarda, bir veya daha fazla bağımsız değişken bulunan veri kümesini analiz etmek için kullanılan popüler istatistiksel bir yöntemlerden biridir. Heyelanları hazırlayıcı çevresel değişkenler Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ortamında hazırlanmış olup; başta jeoloji haritası olmak üzere sayısal yükseklik modeli, yamaç eğimi, yamaç eğrisellikleri, pürüzlülük indeksi gibi tematik haritalar kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak elde edilen heyelan duyarlılık haritasına göre; il sınırının % 28.57’si heyelanların ise % 75.13’ü yüksek ve çok yüksek duyarlı alanlarda yer almaktadır. Elde edilen haritanın doğruluğu Alıcı işletim karakteristik eğrisi ve eğri altında kalan alan (AUC) ile değerlendirilmiş olup AUC 0.820 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
How To Create A Good Test
Authors: Wenno Izaak Hendrik , Tuhurima David , Manoppo Yance
Published: March 2021

Assessment is a very important part of a learning process. To conduct the assessment, teachers have to design a test. To retrieve a quality of a test, a physics teacher needs to do the items analysis. There are several ways of doing items analysis which including the analysis of difficulty index, discrimination index, and analysis of the validity and reliability. This research is a descriptive study that aims to describe systematically and accurate information on the actual situation in this case about the difficulty index, discrimination index, validity and reliability of the items. The variables analyzed were the quality of teacher-made tests physics.  The results of this study indicate that physics teacher-made tests have low validity, reliability moderate or medium, high difficulty index, and poor discrimination index
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN ELPSA (EXPERIENCES, LANGUAGE, PICTURES, SYMBOLS, AND APPLICATION) TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII
Authors: Nursakiah Nursakiah , Ramdani Rezki , Firdaus Andi Mulawakkan , Muzaini Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan ELPSA (Experiences, Language, Pictures, Symbols, and Application) terhadap pembelajaran matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen. Desain penelitian ini adalah One-Grup Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Makassar tahun ajaran 2019/2020 dan selanjutnya dipilih satu kelas sebagai sampel penelitian yang diberikan perlakuan dengan menggunakan pendekatan ELPSA dengan teknik Cluster Random Sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan matematika. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terjadi peningkatan kemampuan matematika setelah diterapkan pendekatan pembelajaran ELPSA; (2) skor kemampuan matematika setelah diterapkan pendekatan pembelajaran ELPSA memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan yaitu lebih dari 80; dan (3) ketuntasan kemampuan matematika siswa setelah diterapkan pendekatan pembelajaran ELPSA tuntas secara klasikal yaitu mencapai 97%. Hasil analisis inferensial menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan ELPSA (Experiences, Language, Pictures, Symbols, and Application) berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Makassar.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN DARING MENGGUNAKAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI)
Authors: Hamid Nurqiyamah , Jusmiana Andi
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh atau Dalam Jaringan (Daring). Penelitian ini merupakan Pre-Eksperimental dengan model One Group Pretest Posttest Design dengan sampel sebanyak 27 orang siswa. Treatment penelitian dilaksanakan 8 kali pertemuan menggunakan aplikasi Zoom. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunankan aplikasi online dan offline. Tes hasil belajar dan angket respon siswa melalui aplikasi online Google Form. Sedangkan lembar observasi aktivitas siswa, keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, dan keterampilan pembelajaran kooperatif disiapkan dan diisi oleh peneliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran Daring pada siswa kelas X MAN Binamu Kabupaten Jeneponto, dimana: (1) rata-rata hasil belajar matematika siswa sebesar 85,19% atau mencapai ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal; (2) Aktivitas positif siswa meningkat dari pertemuan II sampai V. Sedangkan aktivitas negatif siswa dari pertemuan ke-II hingga pertemuan ke-IV menurun adalah berturut-turut 18,51%, 11,11%, 11,11% dan 3,70%; (3) Respon siswa terhadap pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika positif dengan persentase yaitu 94,08% dan sudah memenuhi kriteria yang telah ditetapkan yaitu 75 ; (4) Keterlaksanaan pembelajaran berada pada kategori baik; dan (5) Keterampilan pembelajaran kooperatif siswa lebih banyak yang berada pada kategori sedang/cukup.
Why UGC- CARE List of Journals & Good Academic Research Practices (GARP) Both are Archaic?
Authors: Raju N Vasantha , N.S. Harinarayan
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses Good Academic Research Practices (GARP) and UGC-CARE List and their limitations in engaging with emerging open publishing platforms specifically preprints. This paper through some light on preprints and its role in accelerating science communication during COVID-19 pandemic. The UGC’s opaqueness towards emerging open publishing platforms in its GARP document and propagating traditional scholarly publications through UGC-CARE List has also been deliberated.
Active Map-Matching: Active Self-localization by VPR-to-NBV Knowledge Transfer
Authors: tanaka kanji
Published: March 2021

Training a next-best-view (NBV) planner for active cross-domain self-localization is an important and challenging problem. Unlike typical in-domain settings, the planner can no longer assume the environment state being constant, but must treat it as a high-dimensional component of the state variable. This study is motivated by the ability of recent visual place recognition (VPR) techniques to recognize such a high-dimensional environment state in the presence of domain-shifts. Thus, we wish to transfer the state recognition ability from VPR to NBV. However, such a VPR-to-NBV knowledge transfer is a non-trivial issue for which no known solution exists. Here, we propose to use a reciprocal rank feature, derived from the field of transfer learning, as the dark knowledge to transfer. Specifically, our approach is based on the following two observations: (1) The environment state can be compactly represented by a local map descriptor, which is compatible with typical input formats (e.g., image, point cloud, graph) of VPR systems, and (2) An arbitrary VPR system (e.g., Bayes filter, image retrieval, deep neural network) can be modeled as a ranking function. Experiments with nearest neighbor Qlearning (NNQL) show that our approach can obtain a practical NBV planner even under severe domain-shifts.
Client Satisfaction in Health Service Management in Hospitals of Province One Eastern Nepal
Authors: Niraula Tika Prasad , Poudel Santosh Raj
Published: March 2021

In health care organization, the satisfaction of client is the major factor which is directly linked with the effective use and the utilization of health care service. Effective and efficient management is a means to achieve predetermined goals. Organization cannot be successful unless it satisfies the clients. This descriptive cross-sectional study includes 680 patients which were selected from 4 public and 6 private hospitals randomly chosen from province 1. A direct interview method was used to gather and collect the data from clients' and hospital authorities for the quantitative method. The client satisfaction level was tabulated on the basis of 5 points liker scale. The reliability and the validity of the satisfaction scale for quantitative research we rechecked and examined. Association of categorical variables was assessed by Chi-square test. 92% of clients reported the higher satisfaction in the different aspects of nursing services .Around 31% of patients were completely not satisfied on "information regarding precaution of radio hazard", 26.8% on "waiting time to get the report" and 28.4% on "time consumed for report". About 28% of the participants reported not to be satisfied in the hospitals of Province 1for the availability of specialist in the emergency. The present study finding shows that 41.8 % of clients had reported any type of grievance towards health care service of hospital in Province 1.The study suggested that government should have first priority to allot sufficient specialized doctor services at least in district hospital and there should be 24 hours emergency duty of doctors. Laboratory and radio-diagnosis service in the hospital should be always be in good condition and reporting of the investigation should always be accurate as well as timely to make patients' satisfied in the hospital services. The gap of satisfaction level between private and public hospital may be fulfilled by the national health insurance system and the government should prioritize and implement the health insurance program with minimum premium.
Anthropocentric Hubris and Ecological Reversal in J.G. Ballard’s The Drought
Authors: Adhikari Rebati
Published: March 2021

This paper attempts to analyze anthropocentric hubris and ecological reversal in J.G. Ballard’s The Drought by applying ecocritical perspective. In the context of growing environmental concern in literary studies, this paper aims to investigate how the human-nature relationship is presented in J.G. Ballard’s The Drought. The book depicts a hypothetical world turning into a global desert due to human- induced climate change. The industrial waste released into the rivers and seas has interrupted the evaporation cycle. As a consequence, all lives including humans and non-humans are threatened. To analyze this novel, the ecocritical insights developed by Lawrence Buell, Lynn White, Val Plumwood and Vandana Shiva have been used as theoretical parameters. Unquestionably, this novel strives to cultivate environmental consciousness among readers and greater urges to save the planet by projecting the futuristic apocalyptic scenarios and situating all biotic and abiotic components on the verge of extinction. However, this narrative eventually creates a bit of illusion among readers by restoring the hydrological cycle without making characters ecologically aware and morally obliged towards nature.  Hence, the researcher believes that until and unless human beings develop ecological self, the avoidance of ecological reversal is unachievable.
Software trends in improving local tourism product marketing in Indonesia: a systematic review
Authors: Purnomo H.
Published: March 2021

Software is believed to be increasingly the prima donna of today's computerized era. This is because the world is getting easier to reach with digital assistance, which is becoming more and more trendy. Tech is lagging in travel business activities. Many tourism business people are now increasingly interested in conducting their tour promos online to quickly increase local tourism products' marketing to the international market. So to ensure correctness, we have undertaken a practical study with literature reviews and travel publications. We prioritize the latest literature between 2015 and 2021, considering that the digital world is changing rapidly. To get valid and convincing results, we choose a coding analysis system, in-depth evaluation so that the conclusions we get an answer to this study's problems. Because this study relies on current data from searches from Google doc data, ERIC publications, Google scholarships, and other data sources is the main source. With the consideration of the existing literature, we conclude that now tourism actors in many countries are increasingly using digital applications in marketing tourism products in the world market share. Hopefully, this finding will provide meaningful input for all parties engaged in the tourism sector.