bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trypanocidal drug utilization practices in tsetse suppression and non-suppression areas of South Omo Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Tegegn , Olbamo Tekle , Ashenafi Hagos
Published: November 2020

Trypanosomosis control in Ethiopia is largely rely on use of available trypanocidal drugs although there are other options such as vector control and  use of trypanotolerant hosts. A cross-sectional survey aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude and practices of trypanocidal drug utilization  and constraints of trypanosome infection conducted in tsetse suppression and non-suppression areas of South Omo Zone, Ethiopia. The questionnaire based survey was conducted from November 2018 to May 2019. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the field data obtained from 184 cattle owners. Sixty (60) of the cattle owners were from suppression area and 124 from tsetse non-suppression area. Accordingly, draft oxen and milking cows respectively from tsetse suppression and non-suppression areas were classes of animals which were given priority in trypanocidal drug treatment. About 79.03% and 81.7% of cattle owners respectively from tsetse suppression and non-suppression areas witnessedthat they treat their sick animals by themselves; indicating that veterinarians and other animal health experts have very little role in medication of sick animals. Diminazine aceturate (DA) was the main trypanocidal drug preferred by cattle owners in tsetse suppression area while both DA and Isometamidium chloride (ISM) were used in non-suppression areas. About 83.1% of the respondents from tsetse suppression areas and 86.7% from non-suppression area reported treatment failures following the use of trypanocidal drugs. Moreover, about 79.61% and 86.53% of respondents respectively from tsetse suppression and non-suppression areas observed that drugs obtained from private drug stores were less effective compared to drugs obtained from governmental veterinary clinics. Furthermore, the respondents disclosed that DA was the most horrible  trypanocidal drug in showing treatment failures despite high preference by cattle owners. It was also noted that treatment frequency was higherin tsetse suppression areas than non-suppression areas regardless of vector suppression campaign. In conclusion, higher dependency of cattle  owners on trypanocidal drugs, limited trypanocidal drug availability in the veterinary pharmaceutical market, frequent trypanocidal drug usage and injection by unskilled herdsmen and owners report on trypanocidal drug treatment failures may point out the issue of trypanocidal drug resistance in the area. Therefore, awareness creation to livestock owners on the effect of misuse of trypanocidal drugs and safe trypanocidal drug usage policy should be put into effect to uphold the effectiveness of currently available trypanocidal drugs.

Keywords: Trypanosomosis; Trypanocidal Drugs; Tsetse suppression; South Omo Zone; Ethiopia
Shengu'an exerts anti-osteoporotic effect in rats via TGFβ1-Smad2/3 signal pathway, and enhancement of bone and cartilage metabolism
Authors: Li Wei , Peng Zhiqiang , Wu Yulun , Hu Jintao , Li Peilun , Yao Xinmiao
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To study the anti-osteoporotic effect of Shengu'an in rats, and elucidate the mechanism of action involved.Methods: Forty healthy female SPF mice were randomly divided into control group, saline-treated group, TGFβRⅡ receptor inhibitor group, and shengu'an group. The expressions of type Ⅱ collagen (Co1-II) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion factor (CD-31) were determined. The expressions of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), p-smad2/3, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and osteoblast specific transcription factor (osterix) were assayed by western blotting.Results: The expression of Co1-II in the vertebral body was significantly lower in model mice than in control mice, but was significantly higher in shengu'an mice when compared with model mice (p < 0.05). In shengu'an mice, CoI-I was markedly upregulated, relative to model mice, and the expressions of CD31 in TGFβRⅡreceptor inhibitor group and shengu'an group were lower than in model group (p < 0.05). There were significantly lower expressions of TGF-β1 and p-smad2/3 in the vertebral body of shengu'an group than in model mice, but osterix was upregulated relative to model mice (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Shengu'an exerts anti-osteoporotic effect by downregulating TGFβ/smad signal pathway. There is thus a potential for its clinical application in the management of osteoporosis.

Keywords: Shengu'an, TGFβ1-Smad2/3 signal, Bone cartilage metabolism, Osteoporosis
Resveratrol protects the retina from I/R injury by inhibiting RGCS apoptosis, glial activation and expression of inflammatory factors
Authors: Xia Jinyu , Yang Xiaolu , Chen Weiai
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To study the protective effect of resveratrol against retinal injury induced by ischemiareperfusion (I/R), and the underlying mechanism  action.Methods: Retinal I/R injury was established in 72 healthy male SD rats. The rats were assigned to 3 groups: control, model and resveratrol groups, with 24 rats in each group. Pathological changes in retina were determined using H&E staining. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were counted usingfluorescence gold retrograde staining. Western blotting was used to assay the expressions of caspase- 3, Bax, Bcl-2, GFAP, COX-2 and iNOS. The expressions of COX-2 and iNOS were measured by immunofluorescence.Results: The retina in the control group was dense and ordered, and its morphology was normal. In contrast, the retina in the model group was thinner, with loose cells and disordered structure. In the resveratrol group, the retina was thicker, the structure was orderly, and the cells were dense. Relative to control, the population of RGCs in model rat retina was significantly reduced, and the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, GFAP, COX-2 and iNOS were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05). In the resveratrol group, the number of RGCs in the retina was markedly elevated, relative to model rats, and the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, GFAP, COX-2 and iNOS were significantly decreased (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Resveratrol protects the retina from I/R injury in rats by inhibiting RGCs apoptosis, glial activation and expressions of inflammatory factors. Thus, this compound may be potentially suitable for the management of retina damage.

Keywords: Resveratrol, RGCs apoptosis, Glial activation, Inflammatory factors, I/R injury
Effect of doxycycline-bioglass treatment on calvarial bone defect in rats: A histological study
Authors: Mokhtarian Mona , Nourani Mohammad Reza , Esfahanizadeh Nasrin
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the osteogenic properties of a bioglass-doxycycline complex for bone regeneration applications in calvarial bone defects in rats.Methods: Three critical-size bone defects were created in each of eight experimental rats using a trephine bur. The experimentally created defects were then filled with bioglass-doxycycline (BG-D group), bioglass alone (BG group), or left unfilled (control group). Four randomly selected rats weresacrificed after 4 weeks while the other four rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks. The amount of newly regenerated bone and the osteoblast and osteoclast counts were calculated using histological analysis.Results: Increase in the amount of regenerated bone was significant in the bioglass-doxycycline group at both 4 and 8 weeks (p < 0.05). Differences between the three groups in the mean number of osteoblasts were also significant at both 4 and 8 weeks (p < 0.05). Comparison of the three groupsrevealed significant increase in osteogenesis rate and considerable enhancement of the number of osteoblasts in both bioglass and bioglass-doxycycline groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The complex of doxycycline and bioglass increased the rate of osteogenesis and number of osteoblasts in rats but decreased the number of osteoclasts. Therefore, bioglass-doxycycline can be considered as a bone graft in bone regeneration for medical applications.

Keywords: Bone, Regeneration, Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts, Osteogenesis, Bioglass, Doxycycline
Formulation, in vitro evaluation and characterization of atorvastatin solid dispersion
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Hossain Shafayat , Shamim Abdullah , Islam Monirul , Siddique Abu Talha
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To formulate a polymer-incorporated solid dispersion preparation for enhancing the dissolution and bioavailability of atorvastatin calcium trihydrate (ATV), while maintaining oral compatibility.Method: Four different methods, i.e., physical mixing (PM), fusion (F), solvent evaporation (SE) and kneading (K), as well as three different excipients i.e. croscarmellose sodium (CCS), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and lactose (LAC) were used to formulate various drug-carrier combinations.Results: In SE method, the rank order of magnitude of drug release was CCS > LAC > MCC, while in fusion and kneading methods, the rank order of release was MCC > CCS > LAC and MCC > CCS > LAC, respectively. Drug release of atorvastatin was maximum (103 %) in FM2 formulation. However,this formulation was non-compatible based on spectroscopic analysis. In contrast, SC2 formulations at 1:2 ratio were compatible in terms of cumulative drug release (99 %), and based on spectroscopic data, thermal analysis and microscopic evaluation.Conclusion: These results confirm that CCS forms a superior interface with atorvastatin when SE formulation method is used. Thus, solid dispersion is a promising approach for enhancing the oral bioavailability of atorvastatin.

Keywords: Atorvastatin, Solid dispersion, Bioavailability, Solvent evaporation
Identification of a putative anti-rheumatoid arthritis molecule by virtual screening
Authors: Shakil Shazi , Abuzenadah Adel M , Attar Suzan M. , Fathaldin Omar , Al-Raddadi Rajaa , Sulaiman Mansour I.
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To propose an improved chemical skeleton whose scaffolds could be used for the design of future thymidylate synthase (TS)-inhibitors against rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: The drug discovery platform, ‘MCULE’, was employed for inhibitor-screening. The ‘methotrexate-interaction site’ in the crystal (PDB ID 5X66) was used as a target. One ‘RO5 violation’ was permitted. A maximum of ‘10 rotatable bonds’ and ‘100 diverse molecules’ were also allowed in the protocol. The ‘threshold similarity cut off’ was 0.7. The input values describing the remaining parameters were kept as ‘default’. The ‘Open Babel Linear Fingerprint’ was used for the analyses of molecular descriptors, followed by ADME-check.

Results: 4-(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-phenyl[1]benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine corresponding to the MCULE ID-7590816301-0-93 exhibited the overall best binding with TS. The free energy of binding was -8.6 kcal/mol. A total of 17 amino acid residues were significant for the binding interactions. Importantly, 9 residues were common to methotrexate binding. It satisfied pertinent ADME conditions.

Conclusion: 4-(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-phenyl[1]benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidinemay emerge as a potent seed molecule for TS-inhibitor design in the context of rheumatoid arthritis. It has satisfied pertinent ADME features. However, there is need for further wet laboratory validation.

Keywords: Anti-rheumatoid arthritis, Inhibitor design, Methotrexate, Seed molecule, Thymidylate synthase, Virtual screening
Solid phase extraction and LC-MS/MS quantification of ibandronate in human plasma
Authors: Moustapha Moustapha E. , Abdel-Gawad Sherif A.
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To develop and validate a simple, highly sensitive and accurate method for the quantification of ibandronate (IBN) in human plasma.Methods: Electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in positive ion mode was applied to obtain optimum signals. The parent ion was acquired under collisionactivated dissociation conditions, and the abundant fragments used to design multiple reaction monitoring experiments for monitoring two ibandronate transitions (m/z 376 to m/z 114, and m/z 376 to m/z 250). The IBN was isolated from plasma with weak anion exchange solid phase extraction columns with ‘on-cartridge’ derivatization using tri-methylsilyl-diazomethane (TMSDZ) reagent to convert IBN to tetra-methyl derivative.Results: The studied drug was successfully extracted from plasma samples without any interference at a retention time of 3.2 min. The matrix effect averaged 110 %, indicating that endogenous materials had little effect on ionization. The relationship between plasma analyte concentration and IBN signal area was satisfactorily linear, with correlation coefficient (r2) ranging from 0.9817 to 0.9942 in the concentration range of 0.5 – 200 ng/ml. The lower and upper limits of quantification (LLOQ and ULOQ) for IBN were 0.5 and 200 ng/ml, respectively. Relative recovery of IBN from plasma after extraction and derivatization at 3 distinct concentrations was 83.93 to 85.06 %, relative to standard solutions. The ranges of intra- and inter-day accuracies of quantification of quality controls were 89.39 - 106.40 %, and 90.50 - 107.96 %, respectively. Processed plasma IBN extracts were stable in autosampler at 4 0C (91.12 to 103.49%). Long-term stability in plasma after 30 days at -24 0C ranged from 89.52 to 113.18 %.Conclusion: This validated LC-MS/MS method can be successfully applied for determination of IBN in pharmacokinetic studies. It is a sensitive and specific assay for plasma IBN in bioequivalence studies.

Keywords: Ibandronate, LC-MS/MS, Validation, Derivatization, Solid-phase extraction
Pristimerin attenuates sepsis-induced lung injury by regulating nuclear factor kappaB/high-mobility group box 1 pathway
Authors: Wang Xiao , Huang Lei , Li Peng
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To determine the effect of pristimerin on sepsis-induced lung injury, and the underlying mechanism of action.Methods: Lung injury was established in mice via induction of sepsis through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The effect of pristimerin was evaluated based on lung wet/dry weight and PaO2/FiO2 ratios. Lung tissue was subjected to immunohistochemical and histopathological analyses, as well as Western blotting. Furthermore, the serum levels of inflammatory mediators were determined.Results: Pristimerin reversed the altered lung wet/dry weight ratio and PaO2/FiO2 ratio in the lung, and also reduced lung injury score, relative to CLP group (p < 0.05). Moreover, it suppressed nucleocytoplasmic translocation of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in lung tissue. Serum levels of inflammatory mediators and expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factorkappaB p65 were significantly reduced by pristimerin (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Pristimerin ameliorates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting HMGB1/NF-κB. Thus, this compound has a potential for clinical application in the management of lung injury.

Keywords: Pristimerin, Sepsis, Lung injury, Inflammatory mediators, HMGB1
Le social à l'épreuve des valeurs, d'un pays Basque à l'autre
Authors: Manterola Jean-Jacques
Published: November 2020

L’ouvrage analyse une vaste fresque au cœur des transformations de l’État, des régions et des secteurs d’activité, en s’engageant dans un dialogue interdisciplinaire. Il contribue à la compréhension des dynamiques territoriales contemporaines de l’Économie sociale et solidaire, à travers deux secteurs d’activité (insertion par l’activité économique, aide à domicile). Il montre que cette construction territoriale s’inscrit dans le temps long et qu’elle obéit tout à la fois à des logiques sectorielles, culturelles et institutionnelles. Les études de cas approfondies (les deux versants du Pays basque) permettent de donner une consistance sociale et politique inédite à des processus qui restent parfois assez désincarnés. La dimension comparative constitue un apport original du travail. Ce travail compare certes deux territoires frontaliers, mais dont les formes d’institutionnalisation et de structuration restent relativement étanches, s’agissant du social, sous influence de régimes d’Etat providence distincts. La comparaison, déployée selon une méthodologie similaire des deux côtés, force à mettre en discussion des modèles différents de territorialisation des politiques publiques. La thématique peut être considérée d’importance majeure en matière politique et socioéconomique, dans un contexte de crise sociale et économique, de détérioration des régimes d’État providence et de resserrement des politiques publiques. L’approche fine (une centaine d’entretiens), à partir de controverses sur les valeurs, conduit à se distinguer d’autres travaux postulant une certaine naturalisation de l’ancrage de l’ESS dans les territoires, et elle vient questionner la notion d’innovation sociale.
Carta del Editor
Authors: Londoño Ciro Libardo Antonio
Published: November 2020

Resumen
Nuevos Paradigmas de la Educación en la Era de la Transformación Digital y la Industria 4.0
Authors: Uribe Gómez Julián Alberto , Velásquez Santos Carlos Osvaldo , Londoño Atehortúa María Cristina
Published: November 2020

Las nuevas tecnologías están reinventando muchos sectores de la economía, y el sector de la educación no es ajeno a estos cambios. La industria 4.0 permea estos sectores con nuevas innovaciones que algunos consideran beneficiosas, otros, por el contrario, peligrosas. Sin embargo, existen puntos de encuentro y cambios que serán inevitables en esta nueva era de conocimiento.Obtjetivo: Presentar un conjunto de métodos, herramientas y procedimientos encontrados en la revisión de la literatura, sobre cómo estas nuevas tecnologías están cambiando y cambiaran definitivamente todos los sectores, especialmente enfocados en el sector de la educación. Se presentan definiciones entorno a los elementos que están moldeando la transformación digital en educación, estos son:Inteligencia artificial, realidad virtual y aumentada y big data. Metodología: Se utiliza la vigilancia tecnológica para la búsqueda de artículos científicos en fuentes primarias y secundarias, así como principalmente bases de datos indexadas. Resultados: Se presentan ejemplos desde las tecnologías 4.0como apoyo al sector educativo. Conclusiones: Las nuevas tecnologías serán herramientas muy útilespara impartir conocimiento y educación informativa, gracias a sus capacidades técnicas y tecnológicas. A partir de esto, los docentes deben reinventar y adaptar sus métodos y modelos de educación.Palabras clave: transformación digital; educación; tecnologías de información y comunicación; Industria 4.0
Carta del Rector
Authors: De La Rosa Isaza Jasson Alberto
Published: November 2020

Resumen
A comparison of intravenous midazolam and diazepam in management of status epilepticus in children
Authors: Ayesha Kazmi  , Ghulam Abbas  , Asim Khurshid  , Shahid Shah  , Tauqeer Hussain Malhi  , Muhammad Hanif  , Uzma Saleem  , Abid Shah  , Nabeel Riaz  , Admin
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective: To compare the efficacy of intravenous midazolam and diazepam in the management of status epilepticus seizures in children.

Method: The comparative study was conducted in the paediatric neurological emergency unit of The Children’s Hospital and the Institute Of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan, from December 15, 2018, to May 14, 2019, and comprised paediatric patients of status epilepticus seizures whi were divided into Diazepam and Midazolam groups.  Data was analysed using Graph-Pad Prism 5.

Results: Of the 164 patients, 82(50%) were in each of the two groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of weight, age, residence area of patients and mean duration of seizures (p>0.05). Status epilepticus seizures subsided after intravenous midazolam administration in 77(93.90%) cases, while success in the diazepam group 64(78.05%) (p<0.05). Mean time taken by midazolam to halt seizures was significantly shorter than diazepam (p<0.05) and less cases of treatment failure were observed with intravenous midazolam (p<0.05). Somnolence was observed after diazepam administration in 47(57.3%) cases (p=0.0001).

Conclusion: Intravenous midazolam was found to be superior in efficacy than intravenous diazepam in controlling status epilepticus seizures.

Key Words: Diazepam, Midazolam, Status epilepticus, Seizures
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF OPTICAL-MECHANICAL SYSTEM OF FIBER-OPTIC PRESSURE CONVERTER OF ATTENUATOR-REFLECTIVE TYPE
Authors: Badeeva Elena Alexandrovna , Murashkina Tatyana Ivanovna , Khasanshina Nadezhda Alexandrovna , Serebryakov Dmitry Ivanovich , Polyakova Ekaterina Alekseevna
Published: November 2020

The article proposes a fiber-optic diagnostic system based on fiber-optic sensors of the tongue pressure on the palate of the attenuator-reflective type for use in therapeutic dentistry in the diagnosis of various abnormalities in the oral cavity caused by congenital cleavages of the upper lip and palate and other accompanying anomalies.
PERSONAL DIGITAL MODEL FOR CRANIO-ORBITAL INJURIES DIAGNOSTICS AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY.
Authors:   N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Eolchiyan Sergey A. , Chelushkin Danil M. ,   N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Novikov Mikhail.M. ,   Institute on Laser and Information Technologies of RAS, Cherebylo Svetlana A.
Published: November 2020

The paper deals with the formation of personalized digital models of facial skeletal fragments based on computed tomography data of the patient. Precise individual three-dimensional models, surgical templates, and implant molds obtained using computer modeling and laser stereolithography were used to prepare and perform reconstructive procedures in 191 pa-tients with complex cranio-orbital defects and deformities. During the research, a special technique (“virtual pencil”) was developed, which allows you to edit halftone images of intact and damaged thin walls of the orbit. This allowed us to avoid further data processing errors when converting DICOM files into a three-dimensional model and to obtain the real geometry and correct dimensions of the defects of the damaged area. Thus, it became possible to carry out preoperative planning, modeling of individual stages of surgical intervention, manufac-turing of individual implants for the reconstruction of the skull, orbit and adjacent parts of the facial skeleton. Our experience shows that computer-aided design systems and additive tech-nologies allow us to optimize surgical treatment and increase its accuracy and efficiency.
TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF RAT ADRENAL ZONA GLOMERULOSA POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT EXPOSED TO LOW DOSES OF DDT
Authors: Obernikhin Sergey Stanislavovich , Yaglova Nataliya Valentinovna , Yaglov Valentin Vasilyevich , Nazimova Svetlana Vladimirovna
Published: November 2020

The role of the transcription factor Oct4 and canonical Wnt signaling in the postnatal morphogenesis of the

glomerular zone of the adrenal glands of rats under the conditions of pre- and postnatal exposure to low

doses of DDT endocrine disruptor was determined.
CHANGES IN FINE STRUCTURE OF ADRENAL CHROMAFFIN CELLS AFTER DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTER DDT
Authors: Yaglov Valentin Vasilyevich , Yaglova Nataliya Valentinovna , Tsomartova Dibakhan Aslanbekovna , Timokhina Ekaterina Petrovna
Published: November 2020

Developmental exposure to low doses of endocrine disrupter DDT results in negative changes in fine structure and impaired functional activity of adrenal chromaffin cells.
ACTIVATION OF CANONICAL WNT-SIGNALING IN REGENERATING TISSUE OF ADRENAL CORTEX
Authors: Tsomartova Dibakhan Aslanbekovna , Yaglova Nataliya Valentinovna , Obernikhin Sergey Stanislavovich , Yaglov Valentin Vasilyevich , Nazimova Svetlana Vladimirovna
Published: November 2020

The study showed that reparation of adrenal zona fasciculata requires downregulation of canonical Wnt signaling.

It indicates inhibitory impact of Wnt signaling on maturation of fasciculata cells unlike glomerulosa ones.
CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS OF THE FACE IN CHILDREN OF A LARGE REGION OF
RUSSIA: CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM AND PROSPECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC SOLUTIONS
Authors: Arutyunov Armenak Valerievich , Volobuev Vladimir Viktorovich , Badeeva Elena Alexandrovna , Murashkina Tatyana Ivanovna , Vasilyev Yury Anatolyevich
Published: November 2020

Cleft lip and/or palate occupy a leading position among facial malformations. On the territory of the Krasnodar

region, this pathology occurs in 1.01-1.15 cases per 1000 children. Therefore, it is important to improve

the diagnostic base. The joint work of the Kuban state medical University staff with Institute of General genetics and Penza state University allowed to develop diagnostic methods based on molecular genetic analysis and using fiber-optic technologies.
GAS TRANSMITTER CYCLES IN THE MAMMAL ORGANISM
Authors: Reutov Valentin Palladievich , Sorokina Elena Gennad’evna , Sukmansky Oleg Ivanovich
Published: November 2020

The proposed concept of the cyclic organization of gas transmitters allows us to answer the question: how do

living organisms provide regulation and stabilization of these physiologically active compounds involved in intracellular and intercellular signaling.
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF FISH QUALITY IN THE STORAGE PROCESS USING NMR SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Abramova Liubov Sergeevna , Kozin Andrey Valerievich , Sytova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the problem of an objective assessment of the quality of chilled and frozen fish during

storage. The NMR method is recommended for a comprehensive analysis of changes in the metabolic profile

of cod and Pacific chum salmon during refrigerated storage.
Design and Simulation of Rotary Field Ferrite Phase Shifter using Ansoft HFSS
Authors: Dawar Parul
Published: November 2020

HFSS is a high-performance full-wave electromagnetic (EM) field simulator for arbitrary 3D volumetric passive device modeling.It employs the Finite Element Method (FEM), adaptive meshing, and brilliant graphics. This paper reports the measured phase shift characteristics of C-band phase shifters constructed from lithium ferrites. This is done by first magnetizing the ferrite rod in perpendicular (to direction of propagation) direction and then in longitudinal (parallel to direction of propagation). Thereby, giving a phase shift of 90 degrees. It has been proved that by giving a phase shift of 90 degrees to the magnetic field, we will get the phase shift of twice the rotation i.e. 180 degrees.
Studies on Dimultigraph and Prograph Based Applications of Graph Theory in Computer Science
Authors: Bhowmik Biswajit
Published: November 2020

Graph Theory has gained an impulsion in the past few years in rapacious dimensions. Day by day with rapid advancements of the technology, its demand for proper utilization of resources is increasing at a drastic rate. Simultaneously, it has emerged as one of the most powerful tools for the illustration and solution of the problems that are basically chronological in nature. And many seemingly diverse problems in computer science have been worked out with the help of this thought. A special approach (DPBA model) for different kinds of graphs and their applications in computer science is proposed in this paper. It introduces dimultigraph by considering digraph. The approaches of dimultigraph are enumerated in simple manner. Introduction of prograph in performance evaluation in the model reflects its freshness as well as widely acceptance both theoretically and in implementation.
g-FSG Approach for Finding Frequent Sub Graph
Authors: Priyadarshini Sadhana , Mishra Debahuti
Published: November 2020

Informally, a graph is set of nodes, pairs of which might be connected by edges. In a wide array of disciplines, data can be intuitively cast into this format. For example, computer networks consist of routers/computers (nodes) and the links (edges) between them. Social networks consist of individuals and their interconnections (which could be business relationships or kinship or trust, etc.) Protein interaction networks link proteins which must work together to perform some particular biological function. Ecological food webs link species with predator-prey relationships. In these and many other fields, graphs are seemingly ubiquitous. The problems of detecting abnormalities (outliers) in a given graph and of generating synthetic but realistic graphs have received considerable attention recently. Both are tightly coupled to the problem of finding the distinguishing characteristics of real-world graphs, that is, the patterns that show up frequently in such graphs and can thus be considered as marks of realism. A good generator will create graphs which match these patterns. In this paper we present gFSG, a computationally efficient algorithm for finding frequent patterns corresponding to geometric sub graphs in a large collection of geometric graphs. gFSG is able to discover geometric sub graphs that can be rotation, scaling, and translation invariant, and it can accommodate inherent errors on the coordinates of the vertices.
Sequence Alignment and Phylogenetic Tree Construction of Malarial Parasites
Authors: Mujaffor Sk. , Swarnkar Tripti , Bandyopadhyay Raktima
Published: November 2020

Sequence alignment is one of the basic problems in computational biology that has helped researchers analyze biological sequences. The analysis has helped biologists to detect pathogens ;to develop drugs, and to predict the secondary and tertiary structure of a protein and identity common genes. The objective of the Phylogenetic tree is to determine the branch length and to figure out how the evolutionary tree has been generated . One way to tackle MSA is to use Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), which are known to be very powerful in the related problem domain of speech recognition. The fully trained model is applied to draw a valid conclusion about the evaluation of malarial parasites.
Prediction of Sub-cellular Localization of Scramblase Protein Family
Authors: Sahoo Babita , Sahu Santosh Kumar , Swarnkar Tripti
Published: November 2020

In the present work, we discuss an anaysis about the localization of different members of scramblase protein family. Different scramblase sequences were picked up from organisms of all eukaryotic phyla and their localization were predicted using the P-SORT programme. Our analysis showed that the scramblase protein family shows multiple subcellular localization. Most proteins were found to be localized to the cytoplasm, where as others were found to be present in the nucleus or mitochondria. Interestingly, we found that in yeast, all putative scramblases were localized in the nucleus with a reliability of more than 95%. Our analysis shows that scramblases are a family of protein having diversed cellular localization and hence hypothesized to be performing multiple cellular functions in various organisms.
Practical quantum cryptography for secure free-space communications
Authors: Jeyaseelan Mr. A. Salai , Priya Ms.S. Mohana
Published: November 2020

Quantum Cryptography is an emerging technology in which two parties may simultaneously generate shared, secret cryptographic key material using the transmission of quantum states of light. The security of these transmissions is based on the inviolability of the laws of quantum mechanics and information – theoretically secure post- processing methods. An adversary can neither successfully tap the quantum transmissions, nor evade detection, owing to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. In this paper we describe the theory of quantum cryptography and the most recent results from our experimental free space system with which we have demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of quantum key generation over a point-to-point outdoor atmospheric path in daylight. We achieved a transmission distance of 0.5km which was limited only by the length of the test range. Our results provide strong evidence that cryptographic key material could be generated on the demand between a ground station and a satellite (or between two satellites), allowing a satellite to be securely re-keyed on orbit. We present a feasibility analysis of surface-to-satellite quantum key generation.
NAAS 20 research program "Bast crops": main results of 2018
Authors: Marynchenko Ihor , Mokher Yuriy , Zhuplatova Liudmyla , Morhun Olesia
Published: November 2020

The scientific achievements of the executors of the program for scientific support of the branches of flax growing and hemp growing are highlighted, the current state of scientific researches in the field of breeding, technologies of cultivation, harvesting and processing of industrial hemp and flax-fiver is shown.
Non-factory mechanical processing of hemp
Authors: Koropchenko Serhiy , Mokher Yuriy
Published: November 2020

Based on the analysis of the state of the hemp breeding industry and primary processing plants, a conclusion was drawn on the feasibility of organizing mechanical processing of the stalk directly at small and medium-sized enterprises. Analyzed technical equipment for off-site processing.
Possibilities of use of self-pollinated lines for creating of synthetic hemp populations
Authors: Mishchenko Serhiy , Layko Iryna
Published: November 2020

It has been proved that it is possible to create a new breeding material or increase the productivity of an existing one by obtaining stable self-pollinated lines on its basis, followed by their free pollination and propagation according to a specially developed technique (by the type of creation of a synthetic variety). Moreover, at the initial stages of breeding, it is important to select self-pollinated lines according to the set of desired characteristics, at the final stages of closely related breeding, leave only those lines that form the smallest number of seeds as a result of self-pollination, and according to the nursery, estimates in the absence of spatial isolation and free pollination with pollen of various origin characterized by high seed productivity. This technique allows you to select genotypes that are less capable of self-pollination, and more capable of cross-pollination, which in the future will increase the viability and productivity of generation.
PENENTUAN PRIORITAS PEMILIHAN LOKASI PEMBANGUNAN PUSAT LOGISTIK BERIKAT BERDASAR ASPEK SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: LAKSONO JITU , KRISTIANTORO HENDI
Published: November 2020

Pusat Logistik Berikat (PLB) adalah solusi untuk mengatasi inefisiensi pengelolaan logistik. Ide utama dari kebijakan PLB adalah untuk menempatkan gudang penimbunan ekspor dan impor barang dalam negeri. Dengan demikian, industri dalam negeri tidak perlu mengimpor lagi ketika membutuhkan bahan baku, barang modal, dan bahan pendukung. Skema PLB menempatkan Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai sebagai regulator, sedangkan pelaksana di lapangan adalah perusahaan swasta. Saat ini PLB telah didirikan di sebelas lokasi di seluruh Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menentukan prioritas pemilihan lokasi yang paling strategis dengan berdasarkan aspek sustainability untuk ditetapkan sebagai PLB. Disimpulkan bahwa prioritas utama yang harus dipertimbangkan dalam memilih lokasi yang paling strategis untuk pembangunan PLB adalah Sumber Daya Manusia. Kemudian diikuti berturut-turut dengan Service Level, Transportasi, Iklim, Landscape, Keamanan, Lalu Lintas, dan Fasilitas Publik.

Bonded Logistics Center (BLC) is a solution to overcome the inefficiency of the logistics management. The main idea of ​​the policy is to put the warehouse BLC hoarding exports and imports of goods in the country. Thus, the domestic industry does not need to import again when in need of raw materials, capital goods, and supporting materials. BLC scheme puts the Directorate General of Customs and Excise as a regulator, while executing in the field is a private company. Currently the BLC has been established in eleven locations throughout Indonesia. This study uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the priority of the most strategic site selection on the basis of sustainability to set as BLC. It was concluded that the main priority that should be considered in selecting the most strategic locations for the construction of the BLC is Human Resources. Then followed a row with Service Level, Transport, Climate, Landscape, Security, Traffic and Public Facility.
Addressing Public Accountability through Implementation of Balanced Scorecard: Study Case on Directorate of Government Debt Securities, Ministry of Finance
Authors: PRAPTOMO HERI
Published: November 2020

Accountability is something that needs to be in place on every business activity particularly on public sector. Parties who are assigned with authority/power in a certain public organization should be accountable. They will be watched and controlled by other parties, such as supreme audit board, society, and non-government organization, who require explanation and justification of their conduct. One of means to answer the need of accountability in governmental activities is the performance management, that is broadly designed to guide the organization achieving its visions or objectives, fostering efficiency and effectiveness. Balanced scorecard is one example of performance management tools in contemporary era. Can it be said the implementation of balanced scorecard in the government agency is an attempt to deliver accountability? By analyzing and evaluating one practice of balanced scorecard in certain organization under Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, this paper finds that the concept of balanced scorecard can be implemented as a tool to answer the needs of public accountability. Through every scorecard built in Directorate of Government Debt Securities, this paper discovers several ideas of public accountability such as financial, process, and hierarchical accountability, have been addressed by the implementation of balanced scorecard. However, such indicator of that unit’s balanced scorecard needs to be reformulated to answer other idea of public accountability.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH DALAM PERSAINGAN PERBANKAN
Authors: Saragih Juli Panglima
Published: November 2020

Regional Development Bank (RDB) as part of banking industry is still needed to support financing for regional developmet. Due to tighted financial sector competition, Regional Development Bank should achieve market share in their playing field. Meanwhile, rigidity of regulation in banking sector, Regional Development Bank should also increase their business performance to maintain their standing position and increasing profitability, as well. This qualitative research uses analysis method of financial ratios and trend analysis of profit growth, as well. Data used in this research is financial data of banking industry from 2012 to 2016. This research summerizes that generally financial performance of Regional Dvelopment bank is good in 2012 to 2016. But, due to tight competition in financial market, the RDB could not compete with big private bank and state-owned bank where those banks have already been categorized as BUKU 3 and BUKU 4 category. On the other hand, most RDB are still categorized as BUKU 1 and BUKU 2 that have limited covering business, contrast to BUKU 3 and BUKU 4.  Due to this condition, BPD should maintain its business stability and achieve excellent financial performance by obeying all regulations by managing asset and credit productively and profitably, implementing good corporate governance (GCG),  as well as business transformation of RDB. Moreover, RDB should develop their infrastruktures to increase financial service for their debitor and customer in the future.

Keywords: Regional Development Bank, bank, financial performance, National Authority for Financial Sector (OJK).
KENDALA PENGEMBALIAN ASET HASIL TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI TRANSNASIONAL
Authors: Fasini Arfin Bin ibrahim
Published: November 2020

Tindak pidana korupsi terjadi secara elitis, endemik, dan sistemik, sehingga merugikan keuangan negara serta melanggar hak-hak sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat secara luas. Salah satu cara untuk mencegah, melindungi, dan mengembalikan hak-hak masyarakat akibat tindak pidana korupsi melalui pengembalian aset hasil tindak pidana korupsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: (i) permasalahan korupsi di Indonesia; (ii) faktor-faktor yang menjadi kendala dalam pelaksanaan pengembalian aset hasil tindak pidana korupsi yang bersifat transnasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif yang bersifat kualitatif dan didukung pendekatan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya pengembalian aset merupakan suatu proses yang sulit, bahkan dalam keadaan yang ideal sekalipun, upaya pengembalian aset merupakan proses kompleks dan multidisiplin. Mekanisme pengembalian aset yang diatur dalam peraturan perundang‑undangan tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi, terlalu sederhana dan masih bersifat konvensional, selain itu belum secara komprehensif dan rinci mengatur tentang pengembalian aset hasil tindak pidana korupsi, sehingga tidak memungkinkan pengembalian aset secara efektif dan efisien.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN ASEAN-INDIA FREE TRADE AREA (AIFTA) TERHADAP PERDAGANGAN DUA NEGARA INDONESIA DENGAN INDIA MENGGUNAKAN GRAVITY MODEL
Authors: Djermor Janes Guratan , Yulianto Ivan
Published: November 2020

The ASEAN-India Free Trade Area (AIFTA) policy has been effectively run since January 1, 2010. It is time to evaluate its benefits for trade relations between its members, especially between Indonesia and India. Analysis of the effectiveness and benefits of AIFTA policy in this study uses the Gravity Model by calculating the variables of Indonesia's GDP, India's GDP, transportation costs, and AIFTA's policies enggaged in trade relations between Indonesia and India using data from first quarter of 2004 until first quarter of 2018. This research shows that implementation of AIFTA does not have any effect on trade between two countries since trade between them had already reaching normal level. This research wishes to give a better insight on policy taking, especially for ongoing and forthcoming trade agreement.
UNATTRACTIVE INCENTIVE: THE CASE OF TAX ALLOWANCE POLICY IN INDONESIA’S SHIPYARD INDUSTRY
Authors: Putra Aditya , Solikin Akhmad
Published: November 2020

This study aims to analyze the achievement of policy objectives in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, neutrality, resposiveness, and accuracy of income tax incentives in the form of tax allowances for the Indonesia’s shipyard industry. This study also evaluate the achievement of the policy using two tax principles, namely simplicity and certainty. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and qualitative data collection techniques through literature and field study. The results showed that although the tax allowance facility procedure has met the principle of neutrality, the facility had not effectively attracted investments because there is no shipyard industry using the facility. Perceived time cost and psychological burden still incurred by the taxpayers that made this policy inefficient. In addition, this facility did not meet adequacy, responsiveness, simplicity, and certainty criteria. This facility was also not appropriate for the shipyard industry because the tax allowance could only be utilized by large-scale industries, while small and medium-scale industries could not utilized the tax allowance facility.
PERAN LPDB DAN KUMKM NATUNA UNTUK MENJADI POROS MARITIM INDONESIA
Authors: CARAKA REZZY EKO
Published: November 2020

This research was motivated by Nusantara Jaya Expedition activities which were followed by Researcher and organized by the Coordinating Ministry of Maritime Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia in Natuna. The abundant natural resources in Natuna are mainly marine wealth and fisheries, which are then targeted by the Indonesian government as Indonesia's maritime axis so that more in-depth analysis. The purpose of this study is to find out which areas have similar closeness and will make it easier for LPDB to map potential areas in Natuna. This study involved three dependent variables consisting of GRDP, UN, and Number of Fisheries Households. Then it meant 12 independent variables comprising Capita Expenditures, Poverty  Index, Population, Micro Business Number, Total Business, Number of Traders, Number of Cooperatives, Production, Number of Aquaculture Households, Motorless Boats, Outboard Motorboats, and Motorboats. All analysis objectives can be answered using the principal component analysis biplot. Biplot is a method to make images in many dimensions of space into images in two-dimensional areas. The first Biplot obtained 77.28 percent of the total diversity of actual data.  The interpretation of the main component of the biplot produced can explain very well the relationship between the rate of GDP in Natuna District to capita expenditure and the poverty depth index and the Gini ratio in Natuna. In the second Biplot obtain  82.17 percent of the total diversity, which means that it was able to explain 82.17 percent of the United Nations Against Population, Number of Micro Businesses, Total Businesses,  Traders, Number of Cooperatives. In this analysis also found four dimensions of regions that have similar relationships, making it easier for LPDB to map the potential of the area in Natuna as Indonesia's maritime.
ANALISIS PRAKTIK PENGHINDARAN PAJAK DI BIDANG IMPOR PADA KEPAILITAN PERUSAHAAN EKSPOR IMPOR
Authors: YUSUF HIMAWAN , ISQIYARTA JAKA
Published: November 2020

ANALYSIS OF IMPORT TAX AVOIDING PRACTICES IN THE BANKRUPTCY OF EXPORT-IMPORT COMPANIES. Import tax is a high tax burden for the company. This makes some company try to reduce the import tax burden, one of which is to utilize a bankruptcy. The study aims to analyze the practice of import tax avoidance in the bankruptcy of companies and its accompanying motivation and to analyze about the effectiveness of Customs actions to prevent the practice of tax avoidance. Qualitative methods with a case study approach are used to analyze tax avoidance practices in bankruptcy of three import-export companies which were then called by the initials XYZ. Based on the results of the analysis, it is concluded that there has been a practice of tax avoidance with various motivations. Customs action to prevent the practice of tax avoidance has been less effective due to various constraints.
TINJAUAN KETERSEDIAAN INFRASTRUKTUR TERKAIT IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENYERAHAN PEMBERITAHUAN PABEAN MELALUI INTERNET
Authors: Safari Agung Tri
Published: November 2020

Submission of Customs Declaration including matters regulated in the Customs Law. Furthermore, this matter is further elaborated based on the Minister of Finance Regulation. Customs Declaration can be submitted in writing on the form or in the form of Electronic Data. For those in the form of Electronic Data, it is delivered by submitting Electronic Data storage media in the form of diskettes or etc  to the Customs Office or through an Electronic Data exchange system. DJBC has issued a policy related to the full implementation (Mandatory) of the submission of customs declaration documents through the PDE system based on KEP-415 / BC / 2016 and began to be implemented effectively on January 1, 2019. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether this policy can be applied in all regions of Indonesia This research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Based on secondary data, not all regions of Indonesia are affordable to the internet network. The constraints on the availability of infrastructure are a necessity that must be anticipated. The results of this discussion can be input into the improvement of related policies.