bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lietuvos TSR istorijos literatūros leidimas 1940–1967 m. (Statistinės medžiagos apžvalga)
Authors: Miežinienė Ala
Published: August 2024

The development of historical science in Lithuania, the achievements of the Lithuanian Soviet historiography are inseparably linked with the consolidation of Soviet system in Lithuania. The attainments of Soviet historical science in the field of the history of Lithuania are generalized in hisloriographical works by the historians A. Gaigalaite, J. Jurginis and others. In the papers referred to a characteristic of the historiography on the history of Lithuania is given, its problems are pointed out, the main trends of historiography and the principal regularities of the development of Soviet historical science in the field of the history of the Lithuanian S.S.R. are brought out.The aim of this article is to give a survey of the main statistic data on the publication of literature on the history of the Lithuanian S.S.R. in Soviet Lithuania in the period of 1940–1967. In our opinion, these data help in dealing with certain new aspects of the development of Lithuanian Soviet historiography. Together with other historiographical materials, they help to ascertain the main stages of Soviet historical science in the field of the history of Lithuania more exactly.The article adduces statistic data on the history of the Lithuanian S.S.R. published annually in the territory of Soviet Lithuania, the total number of copies and their total volume (the number of pages), etc.On the basis of these materials concluding inferences have been drawn supplementing the picture of the development of Lithuanian Soviet historiography in many respects. The analysis of the statistic data has once again proved great attainments in the historical research on the history of the republic. The data on the publication of historical literature enable us to define concretely the main stages in the historiography on the history of the Lithuanian S.S.R. Even a brief survey of the statistic data shows great opportunities furnished by an analysis of data of this kind. The survey is also indicative of grave problems in the organization and actual state of book statistics. None of the scientific institutions of the Lithuanian S.S.R. disposes of statistic data on the publication of literature on the history of Lithuania. The Book Chamber of the Lithuanian S.S.R in its statistic compendiums does not separate the data on the publication of historical literature on the history of Lithuania from those on the publication of social-political literature at large.Working out exhaustive and comprehensive statistics on the publication of literature in the field of the history of the Lithuanian S.S.R. could be of service not only in solving historiographical problems. It is also important for bibliography, library science, publishing, sociological investigation, etc.
Информационный подход к библиографии: предпосылки и начала
Authors: Лиров В.П.
Published: August 2024

The article deals with the significance of a new informative approach to bibliography. It implies an analysis of bibliographic problems in terms of a wider range arising presently with the development a new complex science e. g. informatics. The following main questions, regarded by the author as supplementary to the traditional book investigation, are discussed in the article.(1) Bibliographical information as a kind of social and scientific-technical information, intended to assist in regulating, systematizing and intensifying the flow of press circulating in society.(2) Means of bibliography as models of retrieval systems of documentary information: their coordinates and parameteres.(3) Kinds of bibliography as systems of a wide class information having their own social function, criteria and literary volume range. Peculiarities of kinds of bibliography as systems of information are discussed an example of national bibliography.In the concluding part of the article the importance of informative treatment of bibliography is emphasized. According to the author this treatment is necessary:a) for a new estimation of bibliographic activity in terms of a wide general scientific aspect. A comparative analysis of the new methods of informatics and traditional bibliographic methods should be helpful to this effect;b) for further mechanization of bibliographic processes and their automatization improvement;c) for creating more precise bibliographic scientific “language”, which would help bibliographers to make contact with mathematicians and engineers.The author’s intention was to raise pressing points the final solution of which is subject to further investigation.
Knygų leidyba 1940–1941 metais Lietuvoje
Authors: Butkus Tadas
Published: August 2024

In 1940 after the overthrow of fascism and reestalishment of the Soviet Power in Lithuania, besides many socialist reforms in the spheres of economics and culture, book publishing was also reorganized.The Government’s decision of Sept 27, 1940, nationalization of all publishing houses was declared. Instead of small private publishing firms belonging to different organizations, large-scale State Publishing House of Lithuanian S.S.R. was established Its task was 10 provide the people with all kinds of books. Besides, the Stale Publishing House was dealing in book sale, as all the nationalized bookshops had been transferred to the House.The newly established Publishing House encountered many administrative difficulties. There was but poor experience of state-scale book−publishing, a lack of editorial specialists (no institutions of editorial experts existed in bourgeois Lithuania). In 1940 the State Publishing House, however, managed in publishing 68 books (1.2 million copies). The total of books publishing in 1940–1941 (till the war started) was 216 (3.1 million copies).It should be noted that in 1940–1941 the State Publishing House was not the only firm to publish books. Books were also published by many individual offices and organizations. Thus the total during 1940–1941 (till the war started) makes 1067 books (about 8 million copies).The World War II interrupted the work of the State Publishing House which was evacuated to Moscow and continued its activities from 1942.
Современные проблемы библиотечной профессии
Authors: Синкявичюс Клеменсас
Published: August 2024

During this century libraries that formerly represented archives of literature or museums availabille for a few have become the centres of education and sources of information, offices for public use of books. At the same time the demand for library specialists has been constantly growing. The first schools of library science appeared by the end of the last century. At present librarians are trained in most countries of the world. The number of students at these schools is constantly growing, too.Due to a rapid development of science and technology there exists a discrepency between the urge towards training specialists not only in library science but also as experts in some other fields of science and the possibility of putting it into practice. It is suggested that the above problem could be solved through making up the staff of librarians both of specialists in library science and experts in other fields of science, at the same time giving them special knowledge required for their collaboration.For optimum use of the books in stock, to meet the demands of the public, libraries should be joined up in several types (systems). In training librarians the stock of general knowledge contributing to the collaboration among the libraries of different types is of prime importance. Specialized knowledge (according to the given library type) favouring a better collaboration among specialists in other fields of science is of less importance.In preparing a new curriculum at the Chair of Library Science and Scientific Information of the Vilnius V. Kapsukas State University, the principal of the professional structure of library workers, the general and special shares in the professional training of a librarian were taken into account.
Komunistinių leidinių, išėjusių buržuazijos valdymo metais Lietuvoje, bibliografavimo klausimai
Authors: Zaveckienė Žiedūnė
Published: August 2024

The Institute of History of the Communist Party together with the Book Chamber of Soviet Lithuania are busy in bibliographying Communist publications, as a separate part of a national bibliography.Nowadays one gets into difficulties in bibliographying underground Communist publications, as many of them have completely disappeared. It will take much time the bibliography to be compiled and published.One who gets in touch with the history of revolutionary publishing, has to search for facts in a lot of sources. In the article one can find a detailed analysis of the most valuable bibliographic sources, created in 1920–1940, such as „Cathaloque of the Lithuanian workers Press Union“ (Tilže, 1930), the „Library of Communist Selftraining“, compiled by Zigmas Angarietis.In the Archives of the Institute of History of the Communist Party of Soviet Lithuania there is a list of separate publications of the Comissariat for Lithuanian affairs, of the Central Committee of the CP of Lithuania, of the directing organs of the Komsomol and other organisations (284 items).The bibliographic lists published in Communist publications are mentioned as well. The registring of Communist publications in official bibliographic indices of the bourgeoise Lithuania is mentioned separately. Though there wasn’t any systemathic registration of Communist publications, but on individual initiative of separate bibliographers the registring of legally issued Communist publications was carried on not only in Lithuania but abroad as well.
Archyvų pertvarkymas Lietuvoje Tarybų valdžios metais (1918–1919 m.)
Authors: Jegelevičius Sigitas
Published: August 2024

The October Revolution began a new era in the archives organization – Soviet centralization of archives. His foundation was the decree of June 1, 1918 “About the reorganization and centralization of archives of the RFSSR” having a decisive influence on the organization of the archives of this time of the Soviet republics.In the measures of the Revolutionary Government of Lithuania in view of development of education and national culture a great importance has also the regulating of archives. In that way by organizing the Soviet statehood of the Lithuanian nation began also the forming of his state archives.The measures of the Soviet power in the forming of archives can be divised in three stages:1. Preparatory stage from December 1917 (the forming of the Commissariat of the Affairs of Lithuania) to December 1918 (proclamation of the Soviet power in Lithuania). During this time the commissariat collected and preserved the records evacuated from Lithuania in 1915, prepared their returning in Lithuania. There were formed the judicial foundations for their returning to Lithuania.2. This was the stage of realization of practical measures of organization of archives from December 1918 to March 13, 1919 decree. During this time was formed the Archives Commission, were preserved the most important records of Vilnius, began the forming of the state archives.3. The stage of realization of the centralization of archives beginning from the decree of March 13, 1919 to the suppression of the Soviet power in Lithuania. The Soviet Government of Lithuania was the first after the RFSSR publishing a decree about the centralization of archives. This decree was prepared taking as foundation the analogical decree of the Government of the RFSSR of June 1, 1918, but in the same time it developped the most important thesis of this document. By this decree was legalized the forming of the Central Historic Archive in Vilnius and prepared the base for the centralization of archives in Byelorussia. It was projected the composition of the state archive.The forming of archives in Lithuania was interrupted by the armed attack of the internal counter–revolution and the external intervention.
Priekulės spaustuvė
Authors: Kaunas Domas
Published: August 2024

Priekulė, an old settlement of Klaipėda region, is mentioned in written sources from 1540. At the begining of Reformation there was founded a chapel (pryer house), the ministers of which had often been graduates of Karaliaučius and other universities. They are F. Masalskis (about 1558–1613) an examiner of the translation of J. Bretkūnas Bible, J. Aldas (about 1580–1642) a collaborator of L. Zengštokas, the author of the first Lithuanian agriculture guide D. Zetegastas (about 1730–1810) and some other collaborators of G. Neselmanas, A. Šleicheris, F. Kuršaitis, A. Becenbergeris.Developing capitalist relations made favourable conditions for the growth of Priekulė. In the middle of XIX century it had a great number of authority and trade institutions and good communications with the towns of all Western lands. In 1856 the head of orphan-asylum F. Srioderis founded a printing-house exeting to get some profit of it. He had been working as a printer for 10 years and during this period he published about 40 printings. Almost half of them were of secular contents, i. e. text-books, guides for practical work etc. It was his great merit because people at that time were stuffed with religious literature. From 1866 he started to publish the calendar “Evangeliškos kalendros”. From 1875 the printing-house of Priekulė passed to J. Traušys. Being famous of the religiousness and submissiveness to German monarchism he had gained great confidence of the authorities. That why in 1880 he was appointed to publish an organ of conservative party the newspaper “Tiesos prietelius”. From 1882 it was called “Konzervatyvų draugystės laiškas”. Several decades it was known as an antogonist to Lithuanian national interests. In Klaipėda region J. Traušys during his printing activity (he died in 1918) had published about 150 books, he continued publishing of calendars as well. Inspite of their religious narrowmindedness and inimical ideology these issues prevented from extermination the native language and fostered the society of readers. In periodicals one can find a great number of historical material and studies of local lore.Some progressive men such as M. Šernius, M. Kiošis, printers K. Kibelka, J. Martinaitis and others acquired their first habits of printing and publishing work in Priekulė printing-house.
Lektologijos statusas ir jos tolesnės raidos perspektyvos
Authors: Samėnas Alvydas
Published: August 2024

The article analyses methodological problems of recent reading investigations. Some scholars consider lectology to be a complex science. The author holds the view it is the sum total of different subjects and trends (that claim independence). The object of lectology (as a complex science) is reading activity. It is investigated as wholeness of a system “reading material-reading-reader” in order to ascertain the regularities of its functioning and development. In this case the structure of lectology would be as follows: 1. General theory of reading. 2. Sociology of reading. 3. Psychology of reading. 4. Pedagogics of reading. 5. History of reading investigation. The guestion of integration of these subdivisions has not been solved yet.Further perspective of lectology depends directly on the answer to the guestion of the possibility of existence of complex sciences. Opinions differ here. The status analysis of the science of science, the science of book shows us that lectology could develop as a) complex science. b) noncornplex science based on the general theory of reading, c) complex problem.
Vilniaus medicinos-chirurgijos akademijos bibliotekos likimas
Authors: Endzinas Arnoldas
Published: August 2024

Die Wilniusser Universität hatte eine fundamentale Bibliothek, in dere Beständen wertvolle Bücher, Lehrbücher, Manuskripte und Dokumente, betreffend die Geschichte des alten Doppelstaates Polen-Litauen aufbewahrt wurden. Im Jahre 1832 wurde die Universität und ihre Bibliothek geschlossen. 20 226 Bücher wurden der auf der materiellen Basis der Universität Wilnius neugegründeten Medizinisch-chirurgischen Akademie übergeben. Zur Ergänzung des Bücherfonds der Akademie wurden jährlich 6000 Rubel in Papiergeld ausgezahlt. Publikationen anderer Hochschulen, auch von den Professoren geschenkte Bücher oder ganze Bücher-sammlungen ergänzten den Bücherfonds der Akademiebibliothek. Zur Herausgabe der Professorenwerke wurde ein Fonds von 5000 Silberrubel gestiftet. Die Akademie besass eine von der Wilniusser Universität geerbte Lithographie in der die Werke der Mitarbeiter der Akademie gedruckt wurden. Den Absolventen der Akademie, die auf Staatskosten studierten und ihre Studien beendet hatten, erhielten jeder kostenfrei eine kleine Büchersammlung von wertvollen Fachbüchern im Werte von 25–30 Silberrubel.Im Jahre 1840 wurde beschlossen, die medizinische Abteilung der Wilniusser Akademie in eine medizinische Fakultät der Universität von Kiew zu reorganisieren, die veterinärmedizinische Abteilung der Universität von Tartu /Dorpat/ zu übergeben und die Pharmakologische Abteilung zu schliessen. Dabei wurden 735 Bände veterinärmedizinischen Inhalts, 456 Bände nichtmedizinischen Inhalts und eine Menge anderer Bücher der Universität von Tartu übergeben. 8051 Bände medizinischen Inhalts und andere Bücher der Universität von Kiew, eine Menge anderer Bücher wurden der Universität von Kasan übergeben. Die übriggebliebenen Bücher mit sämtlichen Inventar der Bibliothek erhielt das zweite Gymnasium von Wilnius.
Tarptautinis bendradarbiavimas visuomenės mokslų informacijos srityje
Authors: Zaveckienė Žiedūnė
Published: August 2024

The exchange of the information on social sciences has become indispensable at present. So the international systems of information are being founded, such as “DARE”, “DEVSIS”, “EUDISED”, “ECSSID”. Since 1974 the social sciences are included in the program “UNISIST” In spite of that political barriers, the complication of the subject, different views influence the succesful intercourse in the field of information.Especially efective is the cooperation of the countries of the same social system. The International system of Information on Social Sciences “MISON” has become as an example. It unites eight socialist countries: Bulgaria, Hungary, the German Democratic Republic, Mongolia, Democratic Republic of VietNam, USSR, Czechoslovakia, Poland.The agreement for the “MISON” foundation was signed on June 8th, 1976.The Structure of “MISON” is: the Council, the Head Organ and the national organs. The council includes one member from each country. It solves the most complicated problems concerning the system. The functions of the head organ are in the charge of the Institute of scientific Information on social Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR – “INION”.“MISON” represents socialist countries in various international informational programs, councils, systems.It can solve various problems connected with social sciences and indeological work in general and in solvation of inner problems. such as the organization, theory and methods of information.
Kvietimas-informacija laikraštyje kaip priemonė darbininkų jaunimui į bibliotekas telkti (eksperimento metodologinis sprendimas)
Authors: Rimša Vytautas
Published: August 2024

The conception and the model of the experiment dedicated to the intensity of the process of directing young workers to libraries together with other interdepartmental centralized sociological-psychological research problems on the theme “The role of libraries in developing and satisfying professional and spiritual interests of young workers”, was carried out.The experiment was started by using announcement, which was printed in the local newspaper. Tendencies and interaction of communication systems “Newspaper-reader-library” were analized.In Lithuania the research is being carried out in 1981–1985.The research in Lithuania is being carried carried out in 1981 in Vilnius confirmed the correctness of this solution. Series of such experiments were also carried out in 1982 in Kaunas and Panevėžys.
Senosios Vilniaus universiteto observatorijos biblioteka XVIII a.
Authors: Matulaitytė Stasė
Published: August 2024

In the first of three prospective articles on the library of the old Vilnius university observatory its stock is described on the basis of the first two inventories. Five inventories presenting a census not only of furniture, tools, pictures but books as well are known. The first inventory was made in 1773–1774 when the university was taken over by the Educational Commission. It contains 624 copies with 412 different titles.The second inventory was taken down in about 1780–1781 and signed by director Martynas Počobut’s assistant Andrius Streckis. It consists of 20 publications which enriched the library.On the basis of various sources such as “A General Catalogue of Published Books of the National Library: Authors” (Paris, 1924–) and others, some catalogues and stocks of Vilnius university many publications are indentified and rewied according to centuries and countries.The two inventories show that in 30 years of its existance the observatory library has collected quite a number of valuable publications. It had Copernic’s, Kepler’s, Clairaut’s, Cassini’s, La Caile’s, Newton’s and other wellknown scientist’s works, plenty of mathematical and astronomic tables, atlases etc. No doubt the scientist’s views and thoughts made a great influence on Vilnius astronomers, whose contacts with the famous scientists and their works stimulated the Vilnius astronomers for further inventions.
Nepasirodę knygotyros leidiniai
Authors: Žukas Vladas
Published: August 2024

In 1941 an attempt to publish an annual on book history “Bibliotheca Lituana” was disrupted by the war. The Director of the State Library in Kaunas J. Rimantas attempted to publish the annual during the war. In June, 1944 a collection of articles and illustrations (about 400 pages) was prepared but wasn’t put to press. The topics of the collection varied – general book history, the history of Lithuanian literature and printing, art of books, circulation, history of libraries, library activities and some issues on the history of culture. The most outstanding research was done by V. Biržiška (“Unknown Early Lithuanian Works and Writers”) and K. Avižonis (“The XVII Century Radzvill Library in Nesvyžius”). The collection, however, failed to come out after the war.In 1947 a new attempt was made by J. Rimantas – “The Library Annual” – was prepared. The subject matter of the annual deals with the organization of libraries in Lithuania, bibliography, history of print.The preparation of “Bibliotheca Lituana” and “The Annual of Libraries” proves an increased interest of Lithuanian scientists in book history, attempts to publish research regularly.
Visuomenės mokslų informacijos savybės
Authors: Zaveckienė Žiedūnė
Published: August 2024

Die Information der gessellschaftlichen Wissenschaften assimiliert sich in die Eigenschaften der allgemeinen Information und die wissenschaftlichen und ideologischen Prozesses. Man zeigt die ungleichschäßige Entwicklung der einzelnen Gebiet der Information dieser Wissenschaften zu enthullen. Im Gebiet der gesellschaftlichen Wissensehaften ist eine starke Tentenz der Veralterung der information bemerkbar. In den gesellschaftlichen ist das Unterschied mit den anderen Wissenschaften im Prozeß der Veralterung der Information zu bemerken. Die Information der einige Arten der Wissenschaft (z. B.: in der Politik) veraltet sehr schnell, und in den anderan(z. B.: im Gebiet der Geschichte, Philologie, Psichologie) verbiert nicht ihre Aktualitat langere Zeit. In einigen Fallen je die Information alter ist desto mehr entspricht sie die Epoche, die der Forschung unterliegt und ist wertvoller.Der Information der gesellschaftlichen Wissenschaften sind die Prinzipien des Parteigeistes, der Objektivitat, der Wissenschaftlichkeit, der Vollstandigkeit auch der Demokratie eigen.Die Information der gesellschaftlichen Wissenschaften erfüllt die Funktionen, die für den ganzen ideologischen und wissenschaftlichen Prozeß eigen sind. Für die information der gesellschaftlichen Wissenschaften könnte man solche, für sie eigene Funktionen unterscheiden: die kommunikative, die vernaltende, die bewahrende, die schätzende auch die erziehende Funktionen.
TSRS informatikų ir bibliotekininkų mokslinių mokyklų klausimu
Authors: Vilkina Olga , Voverienė Ona , Ringaitytė Dalia
Published: August 2024

The base of the modern scientific schools is formed by essential scientific and economic problems. The authors analysed 1085 maintained thesis in the field of librarianship, bibliography and information science. These were the base for defining 11 directions of scientific research in information science, 11 — in librarianship, 7 — in bibliography.The scientific school in these fields is identified according to the social communication model of modern scientific school based on two types of communication relations: “a teacher — a student”, and collegiate. The results of research show that there is a scientific school of library theory and methodics established by O. Chubarjan which consists of 29 researches (three of them have doctor’s degree). There are no scientific schools in science information and bibliography.
Оптимизация состава фондов библиотек высшей школы Литвы
Authors: Янулявичене Альма
Published: August 2024

The optimisation of stocks composition is possible only in complex way improving the stocks of republic higher school libraries.The optimisation of each library stocks structure needs: to draw up topical subject completing program and to encrease the quality literature selection; to mark out the kernal of library stock and to organize rationally the work of it; to determine the criterion of little used literature delimitation and to organize separate storage if needed; to create the system of inverse connection with the reader based upon the constant research of turnover stocks and literature refusal.The creation of rational republic system of higher school libraries stocks needs: to compose the plan of coordination complecting stocks of each higher school libraries on the basis of topical complecting stock plans; to compose the coordinate storage plan of little used literature and to organize it’s work with taking in response to all the higher school system.The formation of stocks consists of several processes (the determinaiton of information needs, the composition of the topical plans, complecting the selection of literature into basic and secondary stocks, analyses of data about stocks structure and use) which form the information stock system.The analysis of topical completing plans has shown, that they consist of data about the completing topic, types and kinds of literature and copies. Now the topical plan completing coordinate stocks plan is preparing on the basis of topical completing plans.The researches have shown, that in order to make the coordinate campleting stocks plan at first is needed to create the topical completing plan in an higher school libraries by united methods.
Jono Basanavičiaus ryšiai su JAV leidėju kunigu Antanu Miluku
Authors: Gargasaitė Dalia
Published: August 2024

In the article are brought to light the relations of famous scientist and folklore master J. Basanavičius with USA editor of Lithuanian origin, priest A. Milukas. By his efforts four books of J. Basanavičius were printed in USA – folklore compositions. They are still of great scientific value.
Lietuviška knyga pirmojo pasaulinio karo metais
Authors: Stonienė Vanda
Published: August 2024

The development of Lithuanian book publishing was severely hampered during the World War I. In 1915 Lithuania was occupied by Germany military forces and no activities of cultural institutions were allowed without a permission of the occupants. A single newspaper (“Dabartis”) was being published from 1915 on by them. Besides, Catholic society was permitted later to have its periodic edition “Ateitis”. Only at the beginning of 1918, under the threat of complete failure of their colonial plans, the occupants allowed publishing Lithuanian newspapers “Lietuvos aidas”, “Tėvynės sargas”, “Darbo balsas”, etc.Military occupation regime, every-day life difficulties, hard censorship exerted an extremely negative influence on publishing Lithuanian books. Every edition needed an official permission of German military power. Therefore, text-books, annual almanacs, small popular science editions could mostly be issued. Publication work was being performed by Lithuanian Scientific Society, St. Casimir’s Society, M. Šlapelienė bookshop. The demand for books among the population of Lithuania was great but it was impossible to satisfy it. In addition, the occupants closed almost all big libraries, even the transport of books was banned completely.In 1915, under the conditions of approaching front-line, about 300.000 inhabitants and many institutions were forced to withdraw from Lithuania. In St. Petersburg, Moscow, Woronezh and other Russian cities large colonies of Lithuanian refugees were formed. They were mostly supported by the Lithuanian Society of War Refugees. The society established in St. Petersburg its newspaper “Lietuvių balsas”, founded some schools for Lithuanian pupils, organized training courses, for adults; several text-books and other books were issued by it. During the war period the society has published about 50 Lithuanian editions. Other charity societies also have organized some editions.In 1918 Lithuanian refugees began returning to their motherland. The Lithuanian Society of War Refugees continued its activities until February 1918, when its cultural work was banned by the Soviet power.
Poligrafijos įmonės Lietuvoje 1918–1940 metais
Authors: Glosienė Audronė
Published: August 2024

The article deals with history of printing houses in Lithuania in 1918–1940. The development of printing industry after the First World war and the activity of the main printing houses during the twenty years are shown. The State printing house was established in 1918 and continued its work until 1928 when it was joined with the printing company “Švyturys”. It was the begining of the largest and most powerful printing company “Spindulys”. Mighty printing companies were “Dirva”, “Žaibas”, “Varpas” and others. The great amount of the printing houses were small private ones. Many of them were not capable to print books or periodicals. In 1939 there were 101 printing houses in Lithuania. The article ends with the list of the printing houses.
Vaikų knygos leidyba Lietuvoje 1940–1955 metais
Authors: Mozūraitė Vita
Published: August 2024

The State Publishing House of Lithuanian SSR and some private publishing houses published children books at the period from June 1940 untill June 1941. They published 49 children books in 277,5 thousand copies. At the time of german occupation children books were published in Moscow, where the State Publishing House had worked, and some in Lithuania. After the end of war in 1945 new publishing houses were created in Lithuania and all of them had published books for children. The main part of children books were published by the State Publishing House of Fiction Literature. During eleven years 588 children books ware published in 9345.4 thousand copies. Fiction books totaled 85,9% of that number.Censorship, shortage of translators and editors hindered publication of children books. At first their prices were very large, but from 1949 they began to go down. Often the publication was slopped by shortage of illustrators of children books or by their unsatisfactory work. A Section of Children Literature and a Commission of illustrators in the Union of writers and in State Publishing House of Fiction Literature were created on purpose of improving the publication of children books. Middle edition of the children book nad grown for 2.5 times from 1945 till 1955.
“Aušros” knygnešiai
Authors: Merkys Vytautas
Published: August 2024

Die erste litauische nationale Zeitung “Aušra” (1883–1886) wurde in den Städten Preußens Ragnit und Tilsit gedruckt. “Aušra” war für das Groß-Litauen bestimmt, das zum russischen Imperium gehörte. Es gab von 69 bis 240 Abonnenten (Auflage 1000 Exemplare). Die Zeitung wurde in den geschlossenen Briefumschlägen aus Preußen, aber meistens aus verschiedenen russischen Grenzstädten, aus Riga an die Abonnenten verstandt.Zur geheimen Versendung der Zeitung über die Grenze und zur Verbreitung (nicht nur durch die Post) wurde auf Initiative der Redaktion eine neue Organisation von Bücherkolporteuren geschaffen, die in den Grenz-, Mittel -und Nordkreisen tätig war. Die Organisation kümmerte sich um die Vertreibung der litauischen weltlichen Presse. Als “Aušra” eingegangen war, wurde der zurückgebliebene Teil der Auflage weiter bis zum Ende des 19. Jh. mit den späteren Zeitungen und Büchern verbreitet. Die Gegenden Litauens, die “Aušra” erreicht hatte, beteiligten sich am aktivsten an der litauischen nationalen Bewegung.
Žvilgsnis į suomių knygos istoriją
Authors: Glosienė Audronė
Published: August 2024

The book printing and publishing in Finland in its historical perspective resembles that of other European countries. This contribution presents a review of Finnish book history to Lithuanian reader. The sources were limited by language barrier, and only English articles or their summaries published in Finnish periodicals were used. The publications on Finnish book history published in 1988, when the 500 year anniversary of Finnish book was celebrated, are considered to be of most importance. Some attemps for comparative study of development of Finnish book publishing and that of Lithuania are made. Still the review is not considered to be a detailed and deep analysis of the subject, just its outline.The history of Finnish book printing starts in the year 1488, when the first book for use in Finland written in latin was printed in Germany. Lithuanian book historians are more strict in that sense, and they count the age of Lithuanian book from the first book published in mother-tongue.The Reformer of Finland and the creator of literary Finnish Michael Agricola is characterized as one of outstanding personalities in Finnish cultural history. He was also the author of the first Finnish book (ABCkiria, 1543) published.The first printing press was set up in Finland in 1642, and it was printing house of the first University in Finland, Turku. Some decades later bishop Johannes Gezelius started another printing house which was much more modern than the first one. Gezelius’ merits for education and enlightment of people are emphasized.Impact of Swedish literary, cultural tradition and of Swedish language was great in Finland. Orientation had changed after Finland got autonomy in Russia’s empire, and it was national Finnish in its essence, aims and language.The history of book publishing in the 18th century is presented in short. More detailed is the review of book publishing development in the 19th century, when the activities of Finnish Literary Society and those of commercial publishers started.The main publishing statistics of present times is given in the end of the contribution.
The notes for Lithuanian national bibliography
Authors: Kaunas Domas
Published: August 2024

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The museum of the history of book in Kaunas Public Library
Authors: Lūžys Sigitas
Published: August 2024

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Оцінювання результативності закупівельної активності територіальних громад через платформу Prozorro
Authors: РОМАХОВА Оксана , ПЛЄТНЬОВ Михайло , ВАХЛАКОВА Вікторія
Published: August 2024

Розроблено алгоритм проведення оцінки результативності закупівельної активностітериторіальних громад через платформу Prozorro, визначено етапи та специфікузакупівельного процесу. Сформовано перелік показників визначення результативності закупівельної активності територіальних громад. Для оцінювання використано первинні коефіцієнти: кількісний, умовний, процедурний, моніторинговий,резервний, ефективності закупівель. Запропоновано визначення загального коефіцієнта закупівельної активності громади. Розроблено критерії віднесення громаддо груп: високої результативності закупівельної активності; достатньої результативності закупівельної активності; недостатньої результативності закупівельної активності. Надано результати оцінювання результативності закупівельноїактивності громад Донецької й Луганської областей 2023 р. Визначено відмінністьмасштабів закупівель у громадах Луганської та Донецької областей в умовах воєнного стану та відносну (умовну) економію, яка зумовлена декількома чинниками.Розроблено пропозиції щодо підвищення результативності закупівельної активностігромад для різних стейкхолдерів, які залучені до закупівельного процесу.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PERMANENT MAGNET MOTORS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Grebenikov V.V. , Pavlov V.B. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Gamalia R.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Popkov V.S. ,   Institute of Materials Science Problems named after I.M. Frantsevich National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 3, Akademika Krzhizhanovskoho Str., Kyiv, 03142, Ukraine, Bondarenko S.G. ,   LLC "Vodorod TM", 52/2, Beresteiskyi Ave., Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

The results of numerical investigation of electric motors with permanent magnets of cylindrical type are presented. It is shown that replacement of a squirrel-cage rotor in a standard induction motor by a rotor with permanent magnets allows to obtain a significant increase in the specific power of the electric machine. Numerical investigations and analysis of characteristics of the electric motor with tangentially magnetized neodymium magnets for five configurations of the rotor magnetic system are carried out. It is shown that to ensure maximum specific characteristics in electric motors for electric vehicles it is necessary to take into account the driving cycle and to carry out liquid cooling of the electric motor. Thermal calculations taking into account the driving cycle of NEDC are also performed and it is established that the use of liquid cooling allows to provide cooling of neodymium magnets and windings to a temperature lower than critical at increased current in the windings. Characteristics of the investigated electric motors are calculated in Simcenter MagNet and Simcenter MotorSolve software packages. References 4, figures 5, tables 1.
CONSIDERATION OF THE VARIABLE STORAGE POTENTIAL OF UNDERGROUND STEEL PIPELINES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICAL COMPLEXES FOR THEIR PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, Dmytro Yavornytskiy ave., 19, Dnipro, 49005, Ukraine, Aziukovskyi O.O. , Papaika Yu.A. ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Dmytro Yavornytskiy ave., 19, Dnipro, 49005, Ukraine, Babenko M.V. ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Dmytro Yavornytskiy ave., 19, Dnipro, 49005, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

The paper analyzes the problem of protection of underground metal pipelines using active cathodic protection. Shortcomings and emergency situations of active defense complexes are given. Analytical dependences of determining the levels of the protective potential in the conditions of a heterogeneous environment, various variations of the topology of laying the pipeline system are generally presented. The results of comprehensive monitoring of the operation modes of electrotechnical complexes of electrochemical protection allowed to develop a universal methodology for creating energy-efficient and reliable systems of cathodic protection of pipelines. References 22, figures 11.
Blended Learning: Solusi Model Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Ali Jauhar , Baroroh R. Umi , Andina Putri Ajeng
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the implementation and the advantages and disadvantages of the blended learning model in Arabic subjects in class VI SD Muhammadiyah 01 Kandang Panjang Pekalongan. The type of approach used is a qualitative approach. This type of research is field research (field research). The results of this study found that blended learning became a good learning model for its implementation in Arabic subjects at SD Muhammadiyah 01 Kandang Panjang, Pekalongan City during the covid-19 pandemic. The advantages of the blended learning model for Arabic subjects at SD Muhammadiyah 01 Kandang Panjang, Pekalongan City during the Covid-19 Pandemic include flexible learning, the use of good communication tools, and collaboration between teachers and guardians of students or teachers with learners. While the shortcomings are the lack of knowledge of teachers and students about learning technology and limited learning time.
Quizizz sebagai Media Alternatif dalam Mendukung Peningkatan Keterampilan Istima’
Authors: Nuraisyah Andini , Akhyara Hiqwah Safira , Umbar Kisno
Published: August 2024

Since the emergence of the covid-19 outbreak, the learning system which was originally face-to-face in schools, now has to be done remotely (online).  This applies to all levels of education, both schools and universities.  Therefore, now there are many application designers to carry out and facilitate distance learning (online), one of which is by using the Quizizz application.  quizizz is considered as an innovative medium because it contains interesting features so that distance learning does not feel boring. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach in which the researcher describes the definitions and mechanisms for using the Quizizz application as a medium to support distance learning. The things that will be discussed in this study include: 1.) what features can I use in istima learning? 2.) what are the steps for using quizizz in istima learning? 3.) what are the advantages of the Quizizz application in istima learning? 4.) and what are the problems encountered in learning istima' using Quizizz?
Oral and Dental Aspects of Child Abuse and Neglect: Clinical Report
Authors: Tate Anupama Rao , Fisher-Owens Susan A. , Spiller Lora , Muhlbauer Jillian , Lukefahr James L. ,   SECTION ON ORAL HEALTH, Karp Jeffrey M. , Beyer Eric L. , Brooks Chevon , Feldman Lauren M. , Kimball C. Eve , Sokal-Gutierrez Karen , Unkel John H. , Zaborowski Matt , Crespin Matt , Moursi Amr , Beskin Kera ,   COUNCIL ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT, Haney Suzanne Breen , Laskey Antoinette , Asnes Andrea , Brown Verena , Girardet Rebecca G. , Heavilin Nancy , Gilmartin Amanda Bird Hoffert , Kissoon Natalie , Mohr Bethany Anne , Morgan Patricia , Nienow Shalon Marie , Rosado Norell , Keefe Rachael , Keeshin Brooks , Matjasko Jennifer , Wagoner Serena , Stedt Elaine , Hurley Tammy Piazza , Hudson Jeff
Published: August 2024

In all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, pediatricians, dental professionals, and other physicians are mandated to report suspected cases of abuse and neglect to social service or law enforcement agencies. The purpose of this clinical report is to review the oral aspects of abuse and dental neglect in children and the role of pediatricians, dental professionals, and other physicians in evaluating such conditions. This clinical report addresses recommendations on the evaluation of bite marks, as well as perioral and intraoral injuries, infections, and diseases that may raise suspicion for child abuse or neglect. Some physicians may have received less education pertaining to oral health, dental injury, and oral disease. These physicians may not detect the mouth and gum findings possibly related to abuse or neglect as readily as abuse injuries involving other areas of the body. Therefore, pediatricians, dental professionals, and other physicians are encouraged to collaborate to increase the prevention, detection, and treatment of these conditions in children.
Validação de uma Tecnologia Cuidativo-Educacional (jogo de tabuleiro) para crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Martins Maria Amelia Lopes , Marques Laísa de Sousa , Lucena José Roberto da Cunha , Nascimento Maria Berenice Gomes , Moreira Maria Rosilene Candido , Lima Júnior José Ferreira
Published: August 2024

Os jogos de tabuleiro vêm ganhando destaque quando utilizados como terapias pois auxiliam no desenvolvimento da autonomia das crianças autistas. Dessa forma, observando as principais dificuldades vivenciadas por tais infantes, viu-se a necessidade de se trabalhar na validação de uma Tecnologia Cuidativo-Educacional (TCE) previamente construída para auxiliar no cotidiano dos autistas. Este estudo seguiu algumas fases para chegar à validação. A primeira delas foi a seleção dos juízes especialistas por meio da Plataforma Lattes - CNPq, seguida pela elaboração e envio de e-mails para coleta de dados aos juízes/experts selecionados e, por fim, o contato com o Hospital Universitário Júlio Bandeira para acessar o público-alvo deste projeto. A validação contou com a colaboração de 16 juízes especialistas, divididos em duas áreas de conhecimento, referente a validação de conteúdo e de aparência da TCE. Os juízes analisaram o material enviado via e-mail, elogiaram e pontuaram questões para melhorar o jogo em tela. O conteúdo presente nas cartas é de fácil compreensão e favorece a mudança de hábitos e comportamentos por ser objetivo. Quanto à aparência, os juízes sugeriram alterações na paleta de cores para uma mais harmônica, bem como padronização dos elementos utilizados no tabuleiro. Por fim, observa-se a importância de se construir e validar TCE, sobretudo para o desenvolvimento das interações sociais, as aprendizagens e a maior autonomia na execução das atividades básicas de crianças autistas.
Psychedelic use and psychological flexibility: The role of meaningful intention and decentering
Authors: Campo William M. , Yali Ann Marie
Published: August 2024

Background

Psychedelic use and its impact on well-being is garnering a lot of research attention, however, little has been done to understand the potential associations between multiple characteristics of the psychedelic experience and psychological flexibility (PF), which encompasses a conscious awareness of thoughts and behavior, allowing individuals to adapt to new experiences and perceive multiple explanations or solutions for life events.

Aims

The current study examines the psychedelic correlates of PF. It was hypothesized that intention, comfort and safety during the experience, decentering, mystical experiences, ego-dissolution, and insight would be significantly associated with greater reports of PF.

Methods

Data used for the regression analysis were from 114 participants who had used one of the classic psychedelics (LSD, Psilocybin, Mescaline, DMT, Ayahuasca, 5MeO-DMT) and were recruited from postings on Twitter (now X) and within psychedelic-based groups on Facebook and Reddit to fill out an online survey. Standard assessments used include the Experiences Questionnaire, Mystical Experience Questionnaire, Ego-Dissolution Inventory, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, Psychological Insight Questionnaire, and Religious Salience Scale.

Results

After controlling for sociodemographics (age, income, religious salience, number of psychedelic experiences), self-perceived meaningful intention and decentering remained significantly associated with greater psychological flexibility.

Conclusions

These results expand upon existing literature on psychedelic use and its impact on well-being by exploring specific characteristics of the psychedelic experience. Understanding the importance of intention and decentering can provide a pathway by which psychedelic users, guides, and researchers can further understand the psychedelic experience and its effects.