bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analiza stanu nasiennictwa wybranych gatunków traw i bobowatych drobnonasiennych w Polsce na tle rynku europejskiego
Authors: Goliński Piotr , Golińska Barbara
Published: October 2020

Wykorzystując dane ESCAA z lat 2004‒2019 przeprowadzono analizę stanu nasiennictwa wybranych gatunków traw i bobowatych drobnonasiennych w Polsce w aspekcie powierzchni upraw nasiennych oraz poziomu ich plonowania na tle rynku europejskiego. Szczególną uwagę w analizie zwrócono na gatunki dominujące w areale reprodukcyjnym odmian tych grup roślin w Polsce oraz w Europie, a więc Lolium perenne L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Festuca rubra L. oraz Trifolium pratense L. Stwierdzono, że z upływem lat znaczenie polskiego rynku nasiennego traw w Europie rośnie. W 2019 roku udział naszego kraju w areale zakwalifikowanych plantacji nasiennych traw w Europie wyniósł 12%. W latach 2016‒2019 udział ten zwiększył się o 56% i był obok Danii (60%) jednym z największych na kontynencie europejskim. Obecnie Polska zajmuje drugie miejsce w uprawie Lolium multiflorum i Festuca rubra, a w przypadku Lolium perenne jest jednym z trzech najważniejszych krajów rynku europejskiego. W uprawie na nasiona roślin bobowatych drobnonasiennych Polska ma mniejsze znaczenie w Europie, jednak w przypadku Trifolium pratense posiada znaczący udział w rynku nasiennym z wyraźnym trendem wzrostu powierzchni plantacji tego gatunku w ostatnich latach. Plony nasion z plantacji nasiennych traw i bobowatych drobnonasiennych w Polsce są mniejsze w porównaniu do wielu krajów europejskich, toteż zwiększenie wydajności upraw nasiennych jest warunkiem dalszej ekspansji naszego kraju w tym segmencie rynku nasiennego w Europie.
La relación jurídica en el sistema de Derecho administrativo
Authors: Utrilla Dolores
Published: October 2020

En el presente estudio se examina el rol desempeñado por la teoría de la relación jurídico-administrativa tanto en el Derecho administrativo vigente como en su tratamiento dogmático, y se mantiene la tesis de que la ciencia del Derecho administrativo español debe incorporar a la parte general de la disciplina una teoría renovada de la relación jurídico-administrativa, como herramienta dirigida a posibilitar un adecuado análisis del ordenamiento administrativo desde la perspectiva de sus sujetos. Se justifica que la renovación de esta parte del sistema de Derecho administrativo, decantando sus problemas regulatorios típicos de las relaciones jurídico-administrativas y desarrollando una tipología de sus concreciones más características, puede constituir un instrumento valioso para diseñar, interpretar, aplicar y explicar el Derecho administrativo de manera más adecuada a sus presupuestos europeos, constitucionales y sectoriales. Por último, se identifican algunos de los elementos estructurales y metodológicos centrales que deberían integrarse en una futura agenda de investigación destinada a acometer esta tarea de reconstrucción sistemática en el plano del Derecho administrativo general.
Beyond BMI for self-estimates of body size and shape: A new method for developing stimuli correctly calibrated for body composition
Authors: Maalin Nadia , Mohamed Sophie , Kramer Robin S. S. , Cornelissen Piers L. , Martin Daniel , Tovée Martin J.
Published: October 2020

Accurate self-assessment of body shape and size plays a key role in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of both obesity and eating disorders. These chronic conditions cause significant health problems, reduced quality of life, and represent a major problem for health services. Variation in body shape depends on two aspects of composition: adiposity and muscularity. However, most self-assessment tools are unidimensional. They depict variation in adiposity only, typically quantified by the body mass index. This can lead to substantial, and clinically meaningful, errors in estimates of body shape and size. To solve this problem, we detail a method of creating biometrically valid body stimuli. We obtained high-resolution 3D body shape scans and composition measures from 397 volunteers (aged 18–45 years) and produced a statistical mapping between the two. This allowed us to create 3D computer-generated models of bodies, correctly calibrated for body composition (i.e., muscularity and adiposity). We show how these stimuli, whose shape changes are based on change in composition in two dimensions, can be used to match the body size and shape participants believe themselves to have, to the stimulus they see. We also show how multivariate multiple regression can be used to model shape change predicted by these 2D outcomes, so that participants’ choices can be explained by their measured body composition together with other psychometric variables. Together, this approach should substantially improve the accuracy and precision with which self-assessments of body size and shape can be made in obese individuals and those suffering from eating disorders.
Electrokinetic characterization of synthetic protein nanoparticles
Authors: Quevedo Daniel F , Lentz Cody J , Coll de Peña Adriana , Hernandez Yazmin , Habibi Nahal , Miki Rikako , Lahann Joerg , Lapizco-Encinas Blanca H
Published: October 2020

The application of nanoparticle in medicine is promising for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. However, the slow progress in the field has resulted in relatively few therapies being translated into the clinic. Anisotropic synthetic protein nanoparticles (ASPNPs) show potential as a next-generation drug-delivery technology, due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and functionality. Even though ASPNPs have the potential to be used in a variety of applications, such as in the treatment of glioblastoma, there is currently no high-throughput technology for the processing of these particles. Insulator-based electrokinetics employ microfluidics devices that rely on electrokinetic principles to manipulate micro- and nanoparticles. These miniaturized devices can selectively trap and enrich nanoparticles based on their material characteristics, and subsequently release them, which allows for particle sorting and processing. In this study, we use insulator-based electrokinetic (EK) microdevices to characterize ASPNPs. We found that anisotropy strongly influences electrokinetic particle behavior by comparing compositionally identical anisotropic and non-anisotropic SPNPs. Additionally, we were able to estimate the empirical electrokinetic equilibrium parameter (eEEEC) for all SPNPs. This particle-dependent parameter can allow for the design of various separation and purification processes. These results show how promising the insulator-based EK microdevices are for the analysis and purification of clinically relevant SPNPs.
Facomatosis tipo Cesioflammea: Reporte de caso de neonato con Manchas Mongólicas y Vino oporto. Una presentación simple de una condición dermatológica compleja.
Authors: Vallejo Lewis Vonetta A , Torres Herrera Militza , Gonzalez Grajales, Ian Alberto
Published: October 2020

La facomatosis pigmentovascular es un conjunto de signos y síntomas caracterizado por la coexistencia de malformaciones vasculares capilares con una lesión pigmentaria cutánea congénita (nevo epidérmico, nevo spilus o melanosis dérmica) asociada o no, a manifestaciones sistémicas. Existen varios grupos de facomatosis pigmentovasculares según el tipo de nevo asociado a la lesión capilar vascular. Puede existir solo la afectación cutánea o tener manifestaciones sistémicas, entre ellas, traumatológicas, neurológicas, oftalmológicas, inmunológicas, renales, vasculares, linfáticas, entre otras.Exponemos el caso de un neonato masculino, quien presenta manchas vino oporto facial bilateral, cuello y tórax anterior y posterior, junto a melanocitosis dérmicas en espalda y ambos miembros inferiores, asociado a glaucoma congénito del ojo derecho. Debido a las manifestaciones clínicas cutáneas y sistémicas, se diagnostica facomatosis pigmentovascular, realizándose evaluación multidisciplinaria por radiología, dermatología, oftalmología, genética y neurología, para descartar afectación extracutánea.Los estudios complementarios son de vital importancia para detectar alteraciones extracutáneas, como se presentaron en el paciente.
Abstract Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis is set of signs and symptoms characterized by the association of a vascular nevus with a congenital pigmented lesion (epidermal nevus, nevus spilus, and dermal melanocytosis) associated or not to systemic malformations. There are different types of phakomatosis pigmentovascularis according to the pigmentary nevus associated with the vascular malformation. There may be only the cutaneous condition or have systemic manifestations such as, trauma, neurological, ophthalmological, inmunological, renal, vascular, lymphatic, among others disorders.We present the case of a male newborn who had a port wine stain located bilaterally on the face, anterior and posterior thorax and neck, together with dermal melanocitosis in the back and lower extremities, associated with congenital glaucoma of the right eye. Due the clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of phakomatosis pigmentovascularis was made and multidisciplinary evaluation is requested by radiology, dermatology, ophthalmology, genetics and neurology to rule out extracutaneous involvement.Complementary studies are essential to detect extracutaneous alterations as presented in the patient.
Tackling Differential Attainment in Summative Assessments
Authors: Chakravorty Indranil , Dave Subodh , Mehta Ramesh , Goddard Andrew
Published: October 2020

Differential Attainment or Outcomes or award (DA) is a euphemistic phrase that describes the historical and persistent differences in award levels based on factors other than academic/ professional capability or effort. The impact of this endemic discrimination of affected individuals/ groups has a profound impact on careers and wellbeing on a personal (micro) level on them, productivity, team-working or patient safety impact at organisational (meso) level and at a much larger societal/ socio-economic level (macro) level for the country.

This roundtable sponsored jointly by the British Association of Physicians of Indian Origin (BAPIO) and the Royal College of Physicians (RCP) is the first of a series of events organised by the BAPIO Institute for Health Research (BIHR) exploring DA across the journey of a medical professional from entry to medical school all the way to retirement.

This roundtable is focussed on DA as observed in summative assessments in high stakes professional examinations, which are essential for entry, progression, or accreditation.  The findings and recommendations of this series will be published in the rainbow paper “Bridging the Gap” celebrating diversity in the NHS. This report should be read in conjunction with the scoping paper which presents the evidence base for the discussion and recommendations.
CREATIVE URBAN KAMPUNG BASED ON LOCAL CULTURE, A CASE OF KAMPUNG BUSTAMAN SEMARANG
Authors: Yuliastuti Nany , Sukmawati Annisa Mu'awanah
Published: October 2020

Urban kampung has the uniqueness and becomes the historical development of the city. Urban kampung has local culture, which potentially purposes to create a creative urban kampung. Kampung Bustaman in Semarang City allegedly has some local asset to develop towards a creative kampung by using its local culture. This study employed a qualitative method through a qualitative descriptive analysis to formulate the creative kampung concept on Kampung Bustaman. The findings show that Kampung Bustaman has local culture as local assets – goat processing and culinary related to goat. Local community assisted by the other parties and local institution should develop these local assets to enhance the local economy and strengthen social ties. It can be realized by food processing to be more valuable, kampung events, and art. A strong commitment of community is required to ensure the creative activities and promote creative urban kampung. It concludes that creative kampung is a kampung that can optimize its local assets for communities’ welfare of through creative ideas.
HESTNES FERREIRA’S PROPOSAL FOR AMSTERDAM CITY HALL COMPETITION − ANALYZED IN CONTINUITY WITH LOUIS KAHN
Authors: Saraiva Alexandra
Published: October 2020

The end of the modern movement and the definitive realization of postmodernism installed a period of transition, full and diverse interpretations that overlap with new rationalities and build new ways of problematizing architecture, in the late 1960s. In 1967, the municipality of Amsterdam organized an international competition for its new City Hall. This competition corresponds to a critical moment for the internationalization of Portuguese architects during the period of the Portuguese dictatorship. The analysis focuses only on the proposal of the architect Hestnes Ferreira, who studied and worked with Louis Kahn. The analysis carried out on the project highlights the formal links between the two architects: the interpretation of the concept of Institution; the large central space and the entrance; the order or hierarchy of spaces; served spaces, servant spaces; materiality; natural light; and, finally, monumentality. The objective of this article is to show how Hestnes Ferreira’s proposal projects in continuity with Louis Kahn. This article is part of the ongoing Postdoctoral research (2015−2021).
PRECONDITIONED ITERATIVE METHOD FOR REACTIVE TRANSPORT WITH SORPTION IN POROUS MEDIA
Authors: Kern Michel , Taakili Abdelaziz , Zarrouk Mohamed M.
Published: October 2020

This work deals with the numerical solution of a nonlinear degenerate parabolic equation arising in a model of reactive solute transport
in porous media, including equilibrium sorption. The model is a simplified, yet representative, version of multicomponents reactive transport models. The numerical
scheme is based on an operator splitting method, the advection and diffusion operators are solved separately using the upwind finite volume method and the mixed
finite element method (MFEM) respectively. The discrete nonlinear system is solved by the Newton–Krylov method, where the linear system at each Newton step is
itself solved by a Krylov type method, avoiding the storage of the full Jacobian matrix. A critical aspect of the method is an efficient matrix-free preconditioner.
Our aim is, on the one hand to analyze the convergence of fixed-point algorithms. On the other hand we introduce preconditioning techniques for this system,
respecting its block structure then we propose an alternative formulation based on the elimination of one of the unknowns. In both cases, we prove that the
eigenvalues of the preconditioned Jacobian matrices are bounded independently of the mesh size, so that the number of outer Newton iterations, as well as
the number of inner GMRES iterations, are independent of the mesh size. These results are illustrated by some numerical experiments comparing the performance
of the methods.
OSCILLATORY BEHAVIOR OF HIGHER ORDER NONLINEAR DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS
Authors: Grace Said R. , Graef John R.
Published: October 2020

The authors present some new oscillation criteria for higher order nonlinear diﬀerence equations with nonnegative real coeﬃcients of the form ... Both of the cases n even and n odd are considered. They give examples to illustrate their results.
A THREE-LEVEL PARALLELISATION SCHEME AND APPLICATION TO THE NELDER-MEAD ALGORITHM
Authors: Kriauzienė Rima , Bugajev Andrej , Čiegis Raimondas
Published: October 2020

We consider a three-level parallelisation scheme. The second and third levels define a classical two-level
parallelisation scheme and some load balancing algorithm is used to distribute tasks among processes. It is well-known that for
many applications the efficiency of parallel algorithms of these two levels starts to drop down after some critical parallelisation
degree is reached. This weakness of the twolevel template is addressed by introduction of one additional parallelisation level.
s an alternative to the basic solver some new or modified algorithms are considered on this level. The idea of the proposed methodology
is to increase the parallelisation degree by using possibly less efficient algorithms in comparison with the basic solver. As an example
we investigate two modified Nelder-Mead methods. For the selected application, a Schro¨dinger equation is solved numerically on the second
level, and on the third level the parallel Wang’s algorithm is used to solve systems of linear equations with tridiagonal matrices.
A greedy workload balancing heuristic is proposed, which is oriented to the case of a large number of available processors. The complexity
estimates of the computational tasks are model-based, i.e. they use empirical computational data.
La sanction des discriminations par la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme
Authors: Surrel Hélène
Published: October 2020

Consubstantiel à la société démocratique et particulièrement valorisé par le juge européen, le principe de non-discrimination, consacré par l’article 14 de la CEDH, fait l’objet d’une interprétation visant à assurer une garantie effective de la sanction des discriminations, en privilégiant une approche concrète. Dans cette perspective, la Cour européenne a consacré une remarquable extension du champ d’application de l’interdiction des discriminations, conduisant à la formulation de nouvelles obligations à la charge des États, et a précisé les modalités de son contrôle en faisant de la nature du motif de distinction fondant la différence de traitement un élément décisif.
La Cour suprême des États-Unis et le démantèlement de l’ affirmative action
Authors: Calvès Gwénaële
Published: October 2020

Depuis la fin des années 1990, la discrimination positive ( affirmative action ) fait, aux États-Unis, l’objet d’offensives qui visent à son démantèlement. Dans différents États, les opposants à l’ affirmative action ont obtenu d’importantes victoires, devant les tribunaux comme dans les urnes. La Cour suprême fédérale a accepté d’intervenir, à partir de 2003, pour encadrer et accompagner ce processus de mise en extinction.
Le traitement jurisprudentiel du principe d’égalité au sein des cours hispanophones
Authors: Le Quinio Alexis
Published: October 2020

Les cours constitutionnelles hispanophones ont développé une importante politique jurisprudentielle qui permet de connaître et de comprendre la portée et les limites de la protection du droit à l’égalité et à la non-discrimination. Elles ont d’abord articulé leur doctrine en la matière en partant de définitions élémentaires de ce principe avant d’établir des classifications normatives et une configuration interprétative leur permettant – notamment par le prisme de la proportionnalité et la notion de « catégorie suspecte » – d’établir une grille d’analyse opérationnelle, pour juger de la conformité à la constitution des mesures soumises à leur contrôle sur ce fondement.
Changes in muscle activity with exercise-induced fatigue in Thoroughbred horses
Authors: Takahashi Y. , Mukai K. , Ohmura H. , Takahashi T.
Published: October 2020

Understanding the effects of fatigue can provide guidance for training regimens and injury prevention. We have previously reported that the integrated-electromyogram (iEMG) values of the M. gluteus medius and brachiocephalicus decreased with exercise-induced fatigue, whereas those of the M. longissimus dorsi and infraspinatus were not affected. We hypothesised that exercise-induced fatigue would decrease the activities of the muscles associated with propulsive force but not associated with joint stabilisation. Surface EMG recordings of the forelimb muscles (M. triceps brachii, common digital extensor, ulnaris lateralis), and hindlimb muscles (M. semitendinosus, extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum lateralis and flexor digitorum lateralis) were conducted on eight Thoroughbreds. Horses galloped on a treadmill (grade, 3%) at a constant speed (12.6-14.8 m/s) until they could not maintain their position with minimal human encouragement (~5 min). The stride frequency, iEMG for a stride and median frequency during muscle discharge were calculated every 30 s. These parameters were compared between the start and end of the test phase for the leading and trailing limbs. The stride frequency (P<0.01) and iEMG values of the M. semitendinosus in both the leading (P<0.01) and trailing limbs (P<0.05) and those of the M. extensor digitorum longus in the trailing limbs (P<0.05) significantly decreased at the end of the test. No median frequency changes were observed in the assessed muscles. Although muscular fatigue itself was not detected, observed fatigue caused by high-intensity exercise resulted in inability to maintain speed, which was associated with decreased iEMG values in the hip extensor muscles that generate propulsive force. In contrast, almost all muscles that stabilise joints were unaffected by fatigue. One exception was the decreased muscle activity observed in the M. extensor digitorum longus of the trailing limb, which may suggest unstable ground contact. Muscle activity changes with fatigue might be associated with muscle functions.
Ochratoxin A contamination of the casing and the edible portion of artisan salamis produced in two Italian regions
Authors: Roncada P. , Altafini A. , Fedrizzi G. , Guerrini A. , Polonini G.L. , Caprai E.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to provide data on the presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in artisan salamis produced in the Campania and Marche regions (Italy). For this aim, 96 different salamis were purchased from farms and small salami factories. Analysis were carried out firstly on the casings of all samples, and in a second step, in the outer and inner edible parts of those samples whose casings were found positive for OTA at concentration levels above the Italian guideline value established for OTA in pork meat (1 μg/kg). The analytical method, based on a sample preparation procedure with immunoaffinity columns, together with analysis by LC-MS/MS, has guaranteed average recoveries between 79.4 and 89.0%, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.10 and 0.25 μg/kg, respectively. OTA was detected in 25.0% of the analysed casings (24 samples) at concentration ranging from 0.25 to 98.52 μg/kg. Ten of these samples were from the same production plant in which an additional sampling was carried out, and where a problem of environmental contamination by ochratoxigenic moulds probably exists. The edible parts were mostly uncontaminated, except in 3 samples, 2 of which showed OTA contamination levels above 1 μg/kg. The presence of OTA on the casing does not seem to be cause for alarm about the safety of this type of product but it should in any case be monitored. Before slicing the meat for consumption, it is always good practice to peel the casing even if reported as edible on salami label.
Phenotypic plasticity at fine-grained spatial scales: the scorched mussel Perumytilus purpuratus growing on Patagonian rocky salt-marshes
Authors: Gonzalez Giorgis Yamila , Cruz Sueiro María , Márquez Federico
Published: October 2020

Understanding phenotypic plasticity of species at different spatial scales is vital in the current context of an increasing pace of environmental changes. Through this knowledge, it is possible to predict their potential to adapt and/or evolve in face of new environmental conditions such as climate change, and/or to understand their ecological range expansion. In Patagonian rocky salt-marshes, one of the most abundant invertebrate species is the scorched mussel Perumytilus purpuratus. In this system, this mussel can be found inhabiting both vegetated and non-vegetated patches, which differ in critical environmental conditions. We performed a field study evaluating whether mussels growing in vegetated patches differ in shell shape from those growing in adjacent non-vegetated patches. We sampled individuals from both patch types and assessed their shell shape and size using geometric morphometrics. The results showed that mussels from vegetated patches had shells that were more dorsoventrally expanded, anterodorsally restricted and globose in shape than those from non-vegetated patches, which showed the opposite traits resulting in a more elongated shell. The differences found could be driven by the different conditions of temperature, desiccation rate, wave action and population density to which mussels are exposed in each patch type. These results revealed the striking phenotypic plasticity of shell form of this native species at a fine-grained scale, which could be one of the explanations for its success in its ecological range expansion.
Désir et affects incarnés auprès de migrants homosexuels mexicains
Authors: Perfors-Barradas Gerardo
Published: October 2020

La resignification des repères corporels, sociaux, ethniques et sexuels d’un groupe de Mexicains homosexuels à Paris au long de leurs trajectoires de mobilité, ainsi que le rôle des affects et du désir dans l’incorporation de ces déplacements fait l’objet de ce travail. Le déplacement vers une société avec des notions de la sexualité et de la race différentes mène à un (auto) reclassement, avec des résultats souvent inattendus. Un problème commun évoqué par les enquêtés est la tension entre différents types d’exclusion dans leur société d’origine et dans leur ville d’accueil. Cet article reflète le progrès d’une thèse de doctorat en cours, avec une approche (auto)ethnographique, réflexive, féministe.
Mémoires en exil
Authors: Cervantes López Ginés , Ramírez Antonio Ramos
Published: October 2020

La guerre d’Espagne fut le prélude à la tragédie de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale. Cet évènement marqua l’histoire de ce pays et ouvrit des blessures qui, encore aujourd’hui, ne sont pas totalement refermées.Les victimes les plus innocentes d’un conflit sont toujours, inévitablement, les enfants. Mémoires en exil accompagne dans leurs souvenirs cinq exilés espagnols qui, quatre-vingt ans après, racontent comment dans leur jeune âge ils furent transférés en France ou en URSS. Mémoires en exil est une conversation entre ceux qui ont souffert de la barbarie et ceux qui ne veulent pas que leurs histoires de vie soient oubliées. Le documentaire est le résultat d’un effort collectif mené par les membres de l’association Los Bufones, étudiants en LLCER-Espagnol de l’Université de Bretagne Sud à Lorient. Le projet fut réalisé en partenariat avec des enseignants du département d’Études Ibériques et Ibéro-américaines, et financé par l’UBS, le CROUS de Rennes-Bretagne et la Mairie de Lorient.Mémoires en exil, tourné entre Moscou et Lorient au cours de 2016, cherche à récupérer la mémoire des exilés de la Guerre d’Espagne (1936-1939). À partir de cinq interviews, ces protagonistes de l’exode de l’après-guerre nous racontent leurs histoires de vie à travers l’expérience de l’exil.
Paco de Lucía, un payo devenu flamenco
Authors: Vialet Martinez Claire
Published: October 2020

Paco de Lucía (1947-2014) est internationalement connu pour être l’un des plus grands guitaristes du xxe siècle. À l’automne 2004, il reçut le Premio Príncipe de Asturias de las Artes, le jury estimant qu’il était « considéré comme le plus universel des artistes flamencos, [que] son style a fait école parmi les plus jeunes générations et [que] son art est devenu un des meilleurs ambassadeurs de la culture espagnole à travers le monde… ». Ce travail s’attache à questionner le statut et l’identité de l’artiste, né dans une famille de musiciens, mais non gitans ; certaines des valeurs symboliques dont le flamenco est investi ; la trajectoire artistique de Paco de Lucía qui a su combiner ce que certains appelleront « la plus pure tradition » et une propension à faire éclater les codes ; son statut d’icône internationale et la manière dont il est perçu et reconnu par les différentes communautés pour lesquelles le flamenco est un objet d’identification.
Madame Bovary (Señora vaca) o de cómo exponer las representaciones obsoletas de, y en el teatro mexicano
Authors: Villanueva Pérez Víctor Gabriel
Published: October 2020

Edward Saïd propose dans son livre Dans l’ombre de l’Occident et autres propos, d’éliminer les systèmes de représentation autoritaires et répressifs, qui ne laissent pas d’espace pour intervenir à ceux qui sont représentés. Dans le théâtre mexicain, nous pouvons constater au moins deux formes de représentation qui se trouvent en crise. D’un côté, la représentation sociale, devenue une institution qui règle les modes de production dans les arts scéniques. De l’autre, la représentation théâtrale, laquelle depuis les années quarante, a été influencée par le système stanislavskien. Sur cet article, nous allons exposer la corrélation entre la représentation collective devenue une institution (FONCA) et la représentation théâtrale. Ceci, nous allons l’exemplifier avec la création du collectif Teatro sin Teatro et de la mise en scène de son spectacle Madame Bovary (Señora Vaca), lesquels dès sa genèse jusqu’à sa proposition théâtrale, ils développent un dispositif d’exposition des modes de production caducs de l’institution. Cela va nous amener à réfléchir sur la péremption de l’institution et des possibilités de la combattre.
La Pasionaria en el teatro de Ignacio Amestoy y Salvador Távora
Authors: Dutoya Claire
Published: October 2020

En 1993, Ignacio Amestoy crée avec Teatro Gasteiz et Salvador Távora Pasionaria ¡No pasarán!, pièce qui théâtralise la figure mythique de Dolores Ibárruri comme Vierge douloureuse qui va chercher le corps de son fils mort, Rubén, à Stalingrad pour le ramener au Pays basque. Il s’agit d’analyser la construction théâtrale d’une figure historique appartenant à l’imaginaire collectif en étudiant la réappropriation basque du personnage mythique que proposent les créateurs. L’analyse du texte théâtral permettra de comprendre les mécanismes de déconstruction de l’icône en revenant aux origines étymologiques et territoriales de la figure historique.
Ignorance, hasard, incertitude, risque : des enjeux pour une éducation scientifique émancipatrice
Authors: Coquidé Maryline
Published: October 2020

L’École s’intéresse principalement aux apprentissages et aux savoirs. Le savoir, en particulier le savoir scientifique, est présenté comme libérateur, ce qui correspond à une figure de l’émancipation, décrite par François Galichet (2014), comme « classique » et fondée sur la raison. Je considère ici une figure complémentaire, qui s’appuie sur l’autonomie, « moderne » selon Galichet. Je rappelle tout d’abord l’importance de dispositifs didactiques et pédagogiques qui favorisent l’autonomie cognitive des élèves. Je cherche ensuite à montrer que la mise en évidence d’ignorances dans les domaines scientifiques et les notions de hasard, d’incertitude et de risque peuvent contribuer à libérer d’un besoin de certitude et à développer une pensée critique et de l’autonomie. Ignorance, hasard, incertitude et risque peuvent être considérés comme relevant d’une éducation scientifique émancipatrice, non pas « classique universaliste », mais « moderne individualiste ».
Démarche d'investigation, pédagogie transmissive et principe d'autorité : l'exemple du système héliocentrique
Authors: Blanquet Estelle , Picholle Éric
Published: October 2020

Faire des sciences, c’est d’abord appartenir à une communauté et en accepter tant les modalités de validation des savoirs que les savoirs établis ; mais c’est parfois aussi savoir quand les remettre en cause pour mieux les actualiser et les dépasser. L'article interroge le rapport dual à l'autorité que permet de construire la démarche d'investigation combinée à une approche transmissive. La question de l'héliocentrisme offre un exemple frappant de la difficulté à s’émanciper du paradigme, copernicien en l’occurrence, dominant dans la culture occidentale bien qu’aujourd’hui dépassé. Une séquence d’astronomie traditionnelle reposant sur l’acquisition de compétences purement géométriques, liées à la notion mathématique de changement de référentiel, pour travailler la notion physique de relativité du mouvement, apparaît peu efficace pour dépasser le copernicanisme naïf des participants. Son association avec une séquence spécifiquement conçue pour légitimer des points de vue inhabituels permet en revanche à une part importante (30 à 50 %) des étudiants en Master MEEF premier degré participant à l’étude d'accéder au paradigme galiléen (c’est-à-dire relativiste). L'analyse et l'évaluation de l'évolution du rapport à l'autorité des participants via des pré- et post-questionnaires montrent qu’une démarche d'investigation conçue à cette fin peut constituer un outil puissant de prise de conscience de la nature des préjugés les mieux établis de la culture dominante, et donc d'émancipation à leur égard.
Les démarches de chercheurs en physique et en mathématiques. Enjeux didactiques d’une nouvelle approche épistémologique
Authors: Hage Suzane El , Ouvrier-Buffet Cécile
Published: October 2020

Les démarches d’investigation et d’enquête sont généralement présentées comme dérivées des démarches scientifiques. Dans cet article, nous interrogeons l’épistémologie utilisée par les didacticiens des sciences et des mathématiques dans ce cadre, et nous montrons la nécessité d’adopter une nouvelle posture épistémologique en didactique pour enrichir les recherches portant sur l’enseignement des démarches scientifiques en classe de sciences et de mathématiques. En particulier, nous questionnons les démarches de recherche de chercheurs contemporains, en mathématiques et en physique, et cherchons à les modéliser dans une visée comparatiste. L’outil théorique retenu (modèle de conceptions) est démontré comme opérationnel et transdisciplinaire. Les résultats rapportés dans cet article montrent, notamment, des convergences et divergences entre les chercheurs des deux champs disciplinaires et apportent de nouvelles questions pour la recherche en didactique des sciences et des mathématiques pour la transposition et l'implémentation en classe de démarches scientifiques.
La critique de l’épistémologie classique et ses implications pédagogiques chez John Dewey et Karl Popper
Authors: Firode Alain
Published: October 2020

John Dewey et Karl Popper ont en commun d’avoir critiqué les théories classiques de la connaissance en leur opposant une épistémologie naturaliste et évolutionniste dans laquelle le connaître est pensé comme un prolongement de l’activité vitale. Quoiqu’ils visent la même cible, les deux auteurs ne lui adressent pas le même reproche. Le tort des philosophes classiques, pour Dewey, est d’avoir accepté sans recul critique « l’épistémologie du spectateur » qui identifie la connaissance à une représentation adéquate du réel ; selon Popper, il est d’être restés prisonniers de « l’épistémologie subjectiviste » qui limite par principe la connaissance à ce qui est su d’un sujet. De ces deux façons d’envisager l’erreur fondamentale de la philosophie occidentale découlent deux critiques différentes, et par certains côtés opposées, de la pédagogie traditionnelle.
Apprendre une langue, découvrir une culture : faire l'expérience d'un jeu social. Un exemple à l’école primaire, en visioconférence
Authors: Hénaff Carole Le
Published: October 2020

Notre article étudie, dans le cadre de l’apprentissage d’une langue, comment la prise en compte de la pratique d’une expérience langagière et culturelle, associée à la pratique experte d'un professionnel (ici, de la cuisine), peut permettre de mieux comprendre autrui, sa langue et sa culture. Nous prenons exemple, à l’école primaire, sur une situation d’apprentissage de l’anglais par des élèves français, et du français, par des élèves anglais, lors d’un échange en visioconférence au cours duquel deux classes cuisinent des crêpes en simultané. Dans le cadre de notre analyse, nous nous appuyons sur la Théorie de l’Action Conjointe en Didactique (TACD), et sur l’épistémologie du langage qui lui est associée, en particulier à travers les concepts de jeu de langage / forme de vie, et de jeu social. L’analyse montre comment des élèves apprennent à résoudre, en appui sur un jeu de langage, sur l’usage d’une forme de jargon, des problèmes relatifs à une pratique culturelle, et inversement. Notre objectif est de re-problématiser la manière dont les langues et les cultures s'apprennent et se transmettent, à travers des actions conjointes, notamment dans le but de produire des éléments de réponse à la question de la difficile articulation entre l'apprentissage de la langue et la découverte culturelle à l'école.
De la « méditation sensuelle » à la « méditation planétaire en ligne » du mouvement raélien : transfert rituel ou artefact communicationnel ?
Authors: Bauduin François Xavier
Published: October 2020

Suite à l’ampleur médiatique planétaire liée au scandale de l’affaire du clonage supposé du premier bébé humain en 2002, le mouvement raélien, organisation ufologique et charismatique fondée en 1974 par Claude Vorilhon alias Rael, a fondé l’ensemble de sa communication sur Internet, à travers une vingtaine de sites officiels et une constellation de sites informels. Les instances du mouvement posent les bases d’un véritable culte en ligne (Online Religion), en phase avec la définition de Christopher Helland : la « méditation planétaire en ligne ». Elle se présente comme une séance de méditation hebdomadaire sur Internet depuis un chatroom où se rencontrent des individus figurés par des avatars qui suivent une séance de méditation dont ils sont censés reproduire les gestes et les postures dans le monde physique. Cet article rend compte d’une enquête ethnographique menée sur Internet et en présentiel, au domicile de fidèle, et interroge la relation entre le monde physique et celui d’Internet dans cette pratique. L’article caractérise la dimension rituelle de la MPL en montrant qu’il s’agit d’un culte en ligne, et met en lumière la dynamique de transfert rituel entre la MPL et la « méditation sensuelle », une pratique de base du mouvement. Néanmoins, si on raisonne en termes d’efficacité symbolique, plusieurs éléments pourraient permettre de comprendre l’essoufflement d’une pratique qui se présente davantage comme un « artefact communicationnel religieux ».
Organizational Design for Performance Management in State-Owned Enterprises
Authors: Baporikar Neeta , Randa Isaac Okoth
Published: October 2020

Countries all over the world established state-owned enterprises to ensure improved efficiency and governance. Namibia is no exception, and with the government's desire for betterment of its citizens, many SOEs were established. After two decades of independence with the realization that state-owned enterprises (SOE) were not performing well due to mismanagement, red tape, and corruption, the State Owned Enterprises Governance Act 2006 was promulgated. This act aims to provide efficient governance and monitor performance in line with the government's aspirations of augmenting SOEs performance. Adopting a mixed cross-sectional descriptive case study research design, the aim of this article is to analyze and explore the influence of selected organizational design variables on strategy implementation. Further, within the context of resources-based view and dynamic capabilities of the firm, it aims to understand the influence of performance management on overall organizational effectiveness on a service sector SOE and thereby provide a basis for optimum performance and organizational effectiveness.
Modified Ranking With Temporal Association Rule Mining in Supply Chains
Authors: Agarwal Reshu
Published: October 2020

This article deals with data mining applications for the supply chain inventory management. ABC classification is usually used for inventory items classification because the number of inventory items is so large that it is not computationally feasible to set stock and service control guidelines for each individual item. Moreover, in ABC classification, the inter-relationship between items is not considered. But practically, the sale of one item could affect the sale of other items (cross selling effect). Hence, within time-periods, the inventories should be classified. In this article, a modified approach is proposed considering both time-periods and cross-selling effect to rank inventory items. A numerical example and an empirical study with a data set are used to evaluate the proposed approach. It is illustrated that by using this modified approach, the ranking of items may get affected resulting in higher profit.
A first Canadian and three new Québec records of Cicadellidae (Hemiptera) in grapevine (Vitaceae): potential virus vectors
Authors: Ben Moussa I.E. , Lemoyne P. , Beaulieu C. , Kits J. , Fall M.L.
Published: October 2020

A comprehensive biovigilance programme was undertaken in 2018 to monitor potential insect vectors of viruses of grapevines (Vitis vinifera; Vitaceae) in two vineyards in Québec. Two hundred seventy-four insects were collected using yellow sticky traps and sweeping nets. Collected specimens were first classified into orders, with special attention given to the Hemiptera order, which is the main group of virus vectors. Hemipteran pests were identified to species. Among these specimens, one adult ofRossmoneura tectaMcAtee (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) was identified, the first report of this species in Canada.Empoasca vinculaDeLong,Erythroneura acuticephalaRobinson, andErythroneura cymbiumMcAtee, three other species belonging to the same family and previously reported in other Canadian provinces, were also identified for the first time in Québec. Further investigations are being undertaken to test the ability of these species to transmit grapevine viruses.
High-Density Interconnect Technology Assessment of Printed Circuit Boards for Space Applications
Authors: Cauwe Maarten , Vandevelde Bart , Nawghane Chinmay , Van De Slyeke Marnix , Bosman Erwin , Verhegge Joachim , Coulon Alexia , Heltzel Stan
Published: October 2020

High-density interconnect (HDI) printed circuit boards (PCBs) and associated assemblies are essential to allow space projects to benefit from the ever increasing complexity and functionality of modern integrated circuits such as field-programmable gate arrays, digital signal processors and application processors. Increasing demands for functionality translate into higher signal speeds combined with an increasing number of input/outputs (I/Os). To limit the overall package size, the contact pad pitch of the components is reduced. The combination of a high number of I/Os with a reduced pitch places additional demands onto the PCB, requiring the use of laser-drilled microvias, high-aspect ratio core vias, and small track width and spacing. Although the associated advanced manufacturing processes have been widely used in commercial, automotive, medical, and military applications, reconciling these advancements in capability with the reliability requirements for space remains a challenge. Two categories of the HDI technology are considered: two levels of staggered microvias (basic HDI) and (up to) three levels of stacked microvias (complex HDI). In this article, the qualification of the basic HDI technology in accordance with ECSS-Q-ST-70-60C is described. At 1.0-mm pitch, the technology passes all testing successfully. At .8-mm pitch, failures are encountered during interconnection stress testing and conductive anodic filament testing. These failures provide the basis for updating the design rules for HDI PCBs.
Radiotherapy plan evaluation indices
Authors: Patel Ganeshkumar , Mandal Abhijit , Shende Ravindra , Bharati Avinav
Published: October 2020

Purpose:

To classify the available plan evaluation indices and compare the dosimetric suitability of these indices.

Materials and Methods:

Available published plan evaluation indices were categorized. Conformity index (CI) into two groups, one group contains those CI formulas which do not consider critical structure and other group contains those CI formulas which consider planning target volume (PTV) coverage, normal tissue and critical structure sparing simultaneously. Various homogeneity index (HI) formulas extracted from literature. Structure data sets of 25 patients were taken under consideration comprising of various sites. For each patient, two plans were created using Volumetric Arc Therapy technique. First type of plan (Plan-A) were generated considering all tissue objectives for targets and Organ at Risks (OARs) whereas second type of plan (Plan-B) were generated considering only targets tissue objectives and excluding OARs tissue objectives during plan optimization and dose calculation. Planning evaluation parameters were compared between Plan-A and Plan-B.

Results:

CI calculated by various formulas in two different scenarios presented <2% variation. Any commonly used CI formula failed to differentiate the two different planning situations. On comparison between HI of two different scenario, it is observed that there are four formulas of HI which showed negligible variation but two formulae: S-index and HI (D) showed marginal variation. It is also observed that when OARs are removed from optimization dose homogeneity improved which is specifically pointed by sigma index formula.

Conclusion:

CI, which has assimilated the presence of OAR in their formulation, shows more reliability in plan evaluation. Sigma index was found to be more efficient formula while evaluating homogeneity of a treatment plan.
Inverted orbits of exclusion processes, diffuse-extensive-amenability, and (non-?)amenability of the interval exchanges
Authors: Garban Christophe
Published: October 2020

The recent breakthrough works [9, 11, 12] which established the amenability for new classes of groups, lead to the following question: is the action

W(\mathbb Z^d) \curvearrowright \mathbb Z^d

extensively amenable? (Where

W(\mathbb Z^d)

is the
wobbling group
of permutations

\sigma\colon \mathbb Z^d \to \mathbb Z^d

with bounded range). This is equivalent to asking whether the action

(\mathbb Z/2\mathbb Z)^{(\mathbb Z^d)} \rtimes W(\mathbb Z^d) \curvearrowright (\mathbb Z/2\mathbb Z)^{(\mathbb Z^d)}

is amenable. The

d = 1

and

d = 2

and have been settled respectively in [9, 11]. By [12], a positive answer to this question would imply the amenability of the IET group. In this work, we give a partial answer to this question by introducing a natural strengthening of the notion of
extensive-amenability
which we call
diffuse-extensive-amenability
.

Our main result is that for any bounded degree graph

X

, the action

W(X)\curvearrowright X

is diffuse-extensively amenable if and only if

X

is recurrent. Our proof is based on the construction of suitable stochastic processes

(\tau_t)_{t\geq 0}

on

W(X)\, <\, \mathfrak{S}(X)

whose
inverted orbits

\bar O_t(x_0) = \{x\in X\colon \text{there exists } s\leq t \text{\ s.t.\ } \tau_s(x)=x_0\} = \bigcup_{0\leq s \leq t} \tau_s^{-1}(\{x_0\})

are exponentially unlikely to be sub-linear when

X

is transient.

This result leads us to conjecture that the action

W(\mathbb Z^d)\curvearrowright \mathbb Z^d

is not extensively amenable when

d\geq 3

and that a different route towards the (non-?)amenability of the IET group may be needed.
On the semiclassical Laplacian with magnetic field having self-intersecting zero set
Authors: Dauge Monique , Miqueu Jean-Philippe , Raymond Nicolas
Published: October 2020

This paper is devoted to the spectral analysis of the Neumann realization of the 2D magnetic Laplacian with semiclassical parameter

h > 0

in the case when the magnetic field vanishes along a smooth curvewhich crosses itself inside a bounded domain. We investigate the behavior of its eigenpairs in the limit

h \to 0

. We show that each crossing point acts as a potential well, generating a new decay scale of

h^{3/2}

for the lowest eigenvalues, as well as exponential concentration for eigenvectors around the set of crossing points. These properties are consequences of the nature of associated model problems in

\mathbb R^2

for which the zero set of the magnetic field is the union of two straight lines. In this paper we also analyze the spectrum of model problems when the angle between the two straight lines tends to 0.