bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors controlling coccolithophore biogeography in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Nissen Cara , Vogt Meike , Münnich Matthias , Gruber Nicolas , Haumann F. Alexander
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The biogeography of Southern Ocean phytoplankton controls the local
biogeochemistry and the export of macronutrients to lower latitudes and
depth. Of particular relevance is the competitive interaction between
coccolithophores and diatoms, with the former being prevalent along the
“Great Calcite Belt” (40–60∘ S), while diatoms tend to dominate
the regions south of 60∘ S. To address the factors controlling
coccolithophore distribution and the competition between them and diatoms, we
use a regional high-resolution model (ROMS–BEC) for the Southern Ocean
(24–78∘ S) that has been extended to include an explicit
representation of coccolithophores. We assess the relative importance of
bottom-up (temperature, nutrients, light) and top-down (grazing by
zooplankton) factors in controlling Southern Ocean coccolithophore
biogeography over the course of the growing season. In our simulations,
coccolithophores are an important member of the Southern Ocean phytoplankton
community, contributing 17 % to annually integrated net primary
productivity south of 30∘ S. Coccolithophore biomass is highest
north of 50∘ S in late austral summer, when light levels are high
and diatoms become limited by silicic acid. Furthermore, we find top-down
factors to be a major control on the relative abundance of diatoms and
coccolithophores in the Southern Ocean. Consequently, when assessing
potential future changes in Southern Ocean coccolithophore abundance, both
abiotic (temperature, light, and nutrients) and biotic factors (interaction
with diatoms and zooplankton) need to be considered.
Export flux of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate from temperate forested catchments: a possible new index for nitrogen saturation
Authors: Nakagawa Fumiko , Tsunogai Urumu , Obata Yusuke , Ando Kenta , Yamashita Naoyuki , Saito Tatsuyoshi , Uchiyama Shigeki , Morohashi Masayuki , Sase Hiroyuki
Published: November 2018

Abstract. To clarify the biological processing of nitrate within temperate forested
catchments using unprocessed atmospheric nitrate exported from each catchment
as a tracer, we continuously monitored stream nitrate concentrations and
stable isotopic compositions, including 17O excess
(Δ17O), in three forested catchments in Japan (KJ, IJ1, and
IJ2) for more than 2 years. The catchments showed varying flux-weighted
average nitrate concentrations of 58.4, 24.4, and
17.1 µmol L−1 in KJ, IJ1, and IJ2, respectively, which
correspond to varying export fluxes of nitrate: 76.4, 50.1, and
35.1 mmol m−2 in KJ, IJ1, and IJ2, respectively. In addition to stream
nitrate, nitrate concentrations and stable isotopic compositions in soil
water were determined for comparison in the most nitrate-enriched catchment
(site KJ). While the 17O excess of nitrate in soil water showed
significant seasonal variation, ranging from +0.1 ‰ to
+5.7 ‰ in KJ, stream nitrate showed small variation, from
+0.8 ‰ to +2.0 ‰ in KJ, +0.7 ‰ to
+2.8 ‰ in IJ1, and +0.4 ‰ to +2.2 ‰ in IJ2.
We conclude that the major source of stream nitrate in each forested
catchment is groundwater nitrate. Additionally, the significant seasonal
variation found in soil nitrate is buffered by the groundwater nitrate. The
estimated annual export flux of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate accounted for
9.4 %±2.6 %, 6.5 %±1.8 %, and 2.6 %±0.6 % of the annual deposition flux of atmospheric nitrate in KJ, IJ1,
and IJ2, respectively. The export flux of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate
relative to the deposition flux showed a clear normal correlation with the
flux-weighted average concentration of stream nitrate, indicating that
reductions in the biological assimilation rates of nitrate in forested soils,
rather than increased nitrification rates, are likely responsible for the
elevated stream nitrate concentration, probably as a result of nitrogen
saturation. The export flux of unprocessed atmospheric nitrate relative to
the deposition flux in each forest ecosystem is applicable as an index for
nitrogen saturation.
The effect of input data resolution and complexity on the uncertainty of hydrological predictions in a humid vegetated watershed
Authors: Hoang Linh , Mukundan Rajith , Moore Karen E. B. , Owens Emmet M. , Steenhuis Tammo S.
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Uncertainty in hydrological modeling is of significant concern due to its
effects on prediction and subsequent application in watershed management.
Similar to other distributed hydrological models, model uncertainty is an
issue in applying the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Previous
research has shown how SWAT predictions are affected by uncertainty in
parameter estimation and input data resolution. Nevertheless, little
information is available on how parameter uncertainty and output uncertainty
are affected by input data of varying complexity. In this study,
SWAT-Hillslope (SWAT-HS), a modified version of SWAT capable of predicting
saturation-excess runoff, was applied to assess the effects of input data
with varying degrees of complexity on parameter uncertainty and output
uncertainty. Four digital elevation model (DEM) resolutions (1, 3, 10 and
30 m) were tested for their ability to predict streamflow and saturated
areas. In a second analysis, three soil maps and three land use maps were
used to build nine SWAT-HS setups from simple to complex (fewer to more soil
types/land use classes), which were then compared to study the effect of
input data complexity on model prediction/output uncertainty. The case study
was the Town Brook watershed in the upper reaches of the West Branch Delaware
River in the Catskill region, New York, USA. Results show that DEM resolution
did not impact parameter uncertainty or affect the simulation of streamflow
at the watershed outlet but significantly affected the spatial pattern of
saturated areas, with 10m being the most appropriate grid size to use for our
application. The comparison of nine model setups revealed that input data
complexity did not affect parameter uncertainty. Model setups using
intermediate soil/land use specifications were slightly better than the ones
using simple information, while the most complex setup did not show any
improvement from the intermediate ones. We conclude that improving input
resolution and complexity may not necessarily improve model performance or
reduce parameter and output uncertainty, but using multiple temporal and
spatial observations can aid in finding the appropriate parameter sets and in
reducing prediction/output uncertainty.
Technical note: Mapping surface-saturation dynamics with thermal infrared imagery
Authors: Glaser Barbara , Antonelli Marta , Chini Marco , Pfister Laurent , Klaus Julian
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Surface saturation can have a critical impact on
runoff generation and water quality. Saturation patterns are dynamic, thus
their potential control on discharge and water quality is also variable in
time. In this study, we assess the practicability of applying thermal
infrared (TIR) imagery for mapping surface-saturation dynamics.
The advantages of TIR imagery compared to other surface-saturation mapping
methods are its large spatial and temporal flexibility, its non-invasive
character, and the fact that it allows for a rapid and intuitive
visualization of surface-saturated areas. Based on an 18-month field
campaign, we review and discuss the methodological principles, the conditions
in which the method works best, and the problems that may occur. These
considerations enable potential users to plan efficient TIR imagery-mapping
campaigns and benefit from the full potential offered by TIR imagery, which
we demonstrate with several application examples. In addition, we elaborate
on image post-processing and test different methods for the generation of
binary saturation maps from the TIR images. We test the methods on various
images with different image characteristics. Results show that the best
method, in addition to a manual image classification, is a statistical
approach that combines the fitting of two pixel class distributions, adaptive
thresholding, and region growing.
Interannual snow accumulation variability on glaciers derived from repeat, spatially extensive ground-penetrating radar surveys
Authors: McGrath Daniel , Sass Louis , O'Neel Shad , McNeil Chris , Candela Salvatore G. , Baker Emily H. , Marshall Hans-Peter
Published: November 2018

Abstract. There is significant uncertainty regarding the spatiotemporal distribution of
seasonal snow on glaciers, despite being a fundamental component of glacier
mass balance. To address this knowledge gap, we collected repeat, spatially
extensive high-frequency ground-penetrating radar (GPR) observations on two
glaciers in Alaska during the spring of 5 consecutive years. GPR
measurements showed steep snow water equivalent (SWE) elevation gradients at
both sites; continental Gulkana Glacier's SWE gradient averaged 115 mm 100 m−1 and maritime Wolverine Glacier's gradient averaged
440 mm 100 m−1 (over > 1000 m). We extrapolated GPR point observations
across the glacier surface using terrain parameters derived from digital
elevation models as predictor variables in two statistical models (stepwise
multivariable linear regression and regression trees). Elevation and proxies
for wind redistribution had the greatest explanatory power, and exhibited
relatively time-constant coefficients over the study period. Both statistical
models yielded comparable estimates of glacier-wide average SWE (1 %
average difference at Gulkana, 4 % average difference at Wolverine),
although the spatial distributions produced by the models diverged in
unsampled regions of the glacier, particularly at Wolverine. In total, six
different methods for estimating the glacier-wide winter balance average
agreed within ±11 %. We assessed interannual variability in the
spatial pattern of snow accumulation predicted by the statistical models
using two quantitative metrics. Both glaciers exhibited a high degree of
temporal stability, with ∼85 % of the glacier area
experiencing less than 25 % normalized absolute variability over this
5-year interval. We found SWE at a sparse network (3 stakes per glacier)
of long-term glaciological stake sites to be highly correlated with the
GPR-derived glacier-wide average. We estimate that interannual variability in
the spatial pattern of winter SWE accumulation is only a small component
(4 %–10 % of glacier-wide average) of the total mass balance uncertainty
and thus, our findings support the concept that sparse stake networks
effectively measure interannual variability in winter balance on glaciers,
rather than some temporally varying spatial pattern of snow accumulation.
An An Unwelcome Seat at the Table: The Role of Big Food in Public and Private Standard-Setting and its Implications for NCD Regulation
Authors: George Anita Anna
Published: November 2018

With the enshrinement of the private sector as a key actor in the Non-Communicable Disease (‘NCD’) and sustainable development agendas, there is a pressing need to control undue influence by Big Food in public health norm-setting and in the formulation and implementation of unhealthy diet regulation. In the absence of clearly established guidelines governing interactions between public health norm-setting bodies and private sector interests, such as those observed in tobacco control, the regulation of unhealthy diets threatens to be undermined by Big Food interference, ultimately impacting on public health. In addition, the weight attributed to international private standards that are heavily influenced by Big Food interests should be carefully considered in the application of international trade law to NCD regulatory measures under the dispute settlement system of the World Trade Organization (‘WTO’).
Food Reformulation for Ncd-Prevention: Regulatory Options and Potential Barriers
Authors: Kaldor Jenny Claire
Published: November 2018

In the context of NCD prevention, reformulation means reducing the salt, sugar, fat, or overall calorie content of processed foods. Reformulation has the potential to be a powerful public health intervention, because it involves making changes to unhealthy foods upstream in the food supply: improving population diets without individual consumers needing to change their behaviour. However, questions remain as to which regulatory approaches will be most effective at spurring the food industry to reformulate. The prevailing view has been that governments should persuade and encourage companies to reformulate ‘voluntarily’. However, there is emerging evidence that the most effective voluntary reformulation schemes are those with a high degree of government involvement, monitoring and oversight. This suggests that mandatory reformulation — ie, the highest degree of government involvement, through legislated mandatory nutrient limits — may well be a promising approach. While voluntary reformulation has wide support, it is criticised for being weak, ineffective and open to regulatory capture. Mandatory reformulation offers the possibility of a stronger regulatory approach and a level playing field for industry, but critics are wary of its impact on free choice. Mandatory nutrient limits may also constitute technical barriers to trade. This article considers food reformulation as a policy goal, before exploring these regulatory options and the criticisms of each.
On the Bottle: Health Information, Alcohol Labelling and the WTO Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement
Authors: O'Brien Paula , Mitchell Andrew D
Published: November 2018

Since 2010, the World Health Organization has advocated the use of health information labelling to inform consumers of the health risks related to alcohol consumption. The alcohol industry oscillates between opposing and supporting alcohol labelling. This article reviews the minutes of the meetings of the World Trade Organization’s (‘WTO’s’) Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade (‘TBT’) (from 2010 to the present day) to garner unique insights into the specific features of alcohol health information labelling that are opposed by the alcohol industry. The article also identifies and analyses the trade law arguments that are made against these contested labelling measures. These arguments primarily come from the WTO’s TBT Agreement. Our view is that the TBT Agreement will provide little comfort to alcohol exporting members who seek to rely on it to challenge alcohol health labelling measures, such as those discussed in the TBT Committee.
Health Conscious Attitude Among University Students
Authors: Ali Hafiz Fawad , Ehsan Ujala , Ahmad Muhammad Bilal , Imran Maida , Zahid Maheen
Published: November 2018

This research study inspects the association among various variables that influence health conscious attitude. Health conscious attitude refers to maintaining an approach in which students are mindful of taking good care of their health. The study emphases on five independent variables like education, lifestyle, eating preferences, purchase intentions and supplements, derived from literature and their impact on the dependent variable i.e. health conscious attitude among the students of University of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan. Statistical analysis through SPSS showed that health conscious attitude is not influenced by purchase intention whereas education, lifestyle, eating preferences and supplements do influence the health conscious attitude among university students.
O uso de tecnologia da informação na fiscalização e denúncias do uso de recursos hídricos
Authors: Alves André Luiz Firmino , Almeida Damião Ribeiro de , Nascimento Hélisson Luiz , Baptista Cláudio De Souza , Figueirêdo Hugo Feitosa de , Almeida Érica Samara Araujo Barbosa de
Published: November 2018

A água tem se tornado uma preocupação em todo planeta por estar se tornando um recurso cada vez mais escasso nos últimos anos, devido a diversos fatores, sobretudo ao desrespeito dos seres humanos ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Hodiernamente, torna-se imperativo a proposição de políticas públicas, legislação e desenvolvimento de novas metodologias, processos e produtos que possam auxiliar no combate à poluição, desperdício e uso racional dos recursos hídricos. Em especial, o uso de tecnologia da informação propicia uma gestão moderna, ágil e eficiente dos recursos hídricos. Uma das ações importantes neste sentido é o processo de fiscalização do uso da água. Neste artigo, discutimos o processo de fiscalização, abordamos uma metodologia de fiscalização usada na Agência de gestão de águas, e abordamos uma arquitetura de sistema de informações baseado na Web, em plataforma móvel e em Sistema de Informação Geográfica para prover uma gestão da fiscalização de forma eficiente e eficaz. Tal sistema encontra-se em produção na Agência de Gestão de Águas e alguns resultados parciais, sobretudo no tocante às denúncias, notificações e autos de infração que são discutidos.
Transfusion-related alloimmunization to red cell antigens among pediatric recipients
Authors: Abe Maiko , Ohto Hitoshi , Minakawa Keiji , Kawabata Kinuyo , Ono Satoshi , Takano Nozomi , Suzuki Hiroe , Watanabe Mao , Sugawara Akiko , Kikuchi Masami , Miura Saori , Takeuchi-Baba Chikako , Yasuda Hiroyasu , E. Nollet Kenneth , Tamai Yoshiko , Kitazawa Junichi , Ikeda Kazuhiko
Published: November 2018

Aims: Alloimmune response to red cell transfusion has not been widely investigated in pediatric patients. We retrospectively compared the frequency and specificity of red cell antibody formation among pediatric recipients grouped by age, versus an adult control cohort.

Methods: A total of 331 pediatric red cell transfusion recipients were studied in four age groups: 0 to 4.9 months (Group A), 5.0 to 11.9 months (Group B), 1.0 to 5.9 years (Group C), and 6.0 to 14.9 years (Group D). Similarly transfused adult males, 20.0 to 59.9 years old, as a control cohort group. Alloimmunization was defined as post-transfusion detection of red cell alloantibodies not detected prior to transfusion.

Results: After red cell transfusion, no one in Group A (0 of 106) developed alloantibodies, whereas 8.0% (2 of 25) in Group B, 1.1% (1 of 95) in Group C, and 2.9% (3 of 105) in Group D, versus 2.1% (8 of 380) of adult male controls who developed alloantibodies. However, these differences did not achieve statistical significance.

Conclusion: This investigation of alloimmunization in pediatric recipients found no cases in patients younger than five months old, however, the incidence rates of older age groups were statistically indistinguishable from a control cohort of male adults. Until larger studies suggest otherwise, current antibody screening and cross-matching policies should be continued.
Duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma with lymph node metastasis: A systematic case review
Authors: Hartford Luke , Sherazadishvili Alexsi , Leslie Ken
Published: November 2018

Introduction:Duodenal gangliocytic paragangliomas (DGPs) are rare tumors, most commonly located in the 2nd portion of the duodenum. Their origin is poorly understood and management is uncertain. Typically benign, they infrequently metastasize to lymph node and distant sites.
Objective: A systematic literature search for DGPs with lymph node metastases was performed. Epidemiological, diagnostic, management, surveillance and outcome data were recorded. The histopathology and immunohistochemistry of these tumors and possible predictors of lymph node metastases were revisited. Thirty three cases of DGPs with lymph node metastases were included. Mean patient age was 48 years, with no predilection for sex.
Discussion: Presenting complaints included abdominal discomfort and gastrointestinal bleeding/anemia. Tumor size (maximum diameter) ranged from 1 to 9 cm, with a mean of 3.1 cm. Serum/urine tumor markers and hormones were inconsistent. However, there was evidence of neuroendocrine activity. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy successfully identified the lesion in 23/23 reported cases, but had no role in tissue diagnosis. Computed tomography scan and endoscopic ultrasound correctly identified a mass in 84% and 100% of reported cases and were successful in detecting lymph node involvement in 47% and 64% of cases. Pancreatoduodenectomy was the definitive treatment in 87% of the cases. Possible predictors of lymph node metastasis included tumor extension and angiolymphatic invasion, as well as changes noted in immunohistochemistry.
Conclusion:We suggest diagnostic aids, management and surveillance for DGPs with lymph node metastases. Due to uncertain malignant potential, surgical management and treatment adjuncts like chemotherapy and radiation should be investigated. Surveillance has not been well established and should be focused on diagnostic imaging and close clinical follow-up.
O CINEMA, AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES HISTÓRICAS E O FILME AS HORAS
Authors: Fujikawa Mariana
Published: November 2018

Este artigo é resultado de um trabalho escrito para a disciplina de Laboratório de História Contemporânea I, na Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR).Para a realização desse trabalho, cada aluno escolhia uma fonte histórica para relacionar com os textos abordados na disciplina. Nesse sentido, escolhemos o filme e o livro homônimo As Horas como fontes. O objetivo, então, era analisar como as relações de gênero mostravam-se presentes em cada uma das personagens do filme. Estruturamos o artigo da seguinte forma: primeiramente tratamos da questão do cinema como uma fonte histórica, pois focamos a análise no filme, e posteriormente iremos tratar especificamente das questões de gênero na História e em As Horas. Por último, apresentaremos as considerações finais.
ENTRE O SENTIMENTO RELIGIOSO E O RACIONAL: EXPERIÊNCIA DE ESTÁGIO SOBRE O POVO HEBREU E INDEPENDÊNCIA DOS ESTADOS UNIDOS
Authors: Covalchuk Gabriel Irinei
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho é resultado do estágio supervisionado, realizado em Bituruna-Paraná, na instituição de ensino, Colégio Estadual Santa Barbará, durante o ano letivo de 2017, nas séries do ensino fundamental e médio sob supervisão do professor Gerson Luís Lanzarini. Os temas selecionados para serem trabalhados em sala foram: Povo Hebreu (6º ano) e Independência dos Estados Unidos (2º ano).  Busco mostrar através da experiência em sala e os resultados obtidos nas avaliações, como o professor deve tentar o máximo possível ser imparcial e levar a sala para uma época distante para entender melhor o contexto, sendo necessário deixar nula a sua perspectiva de contra ou a favor em determinados fatos para uma melhor aprendizagem do aluno e o desenvolvimento da ‘consciência histórica’. Também busco mostrar como as normas do NRE (Núcleo Regional de Educação), no caso a recuperação concomitante afeta no conteúdo em sala de aula; essa “ajuda” é para que o aluno venha compreender melhor a matéria ou apenas pelos índices?
10 anos de Seminário Nacional de Sociologia & Política: um balanço crítico por Maria Tarcisa Bega
Authors: Freitas Sabrina Cesar , Mattar Kamille Brescansin
Published: November 2018

Maria Tarcisa Silva Bega é pesquisadora e professora vinculada ao Departamento de Sociologia e ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Atua na área Cidadania e Estado, nas linhas de pesquisa Cultura e Sociabilidades e Instituições e Poder, em que ministra as disciplinas: “Políticas Sociais, análise da experiência brasileira” e “Teoria Social Clássica”. Na Graduação em Ciências Sociais ministra as disciplinas de “Sociologia Urbana”, “Estudos Sociológicos em Políticas Públicas” e “Métodos e Técnicas de pesquisa em Sociologia”. Coordenadora do Grupo de pesquisa Sociologia e Políticas Sociais-CNPq. Foi Coordenadora de Extensão (1994), Pró-Reitora de Extensão e Cultura (2002-03), Vice-Reitora (2003-06) e Diretora do Setor de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes (2006-2014). É membro titular do Instituto Mercosul de Estudos Avançados (IMEA). Foi membro titular do Conselho Estadual de Educação (Secretaria de Estado da Educação do Paraná), do Conselho de Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico do Paraná (Secretaria de Estado da Cultura), Conselho Estadual dos Direitos da Mulher (Secretaria de Estado da Justiça e da Cidadania do Paraná) e do corpo editorial da Revista Mediações (UEL). Desenvolve investigações sobre os seguintes temas: juventude, cidadania, políticas sociais, participação social e trajetórias intelectuais. Esteve na Coordenadoria Geral do Seminário Nacional de Sociologia e Política (SNS&P) nos anos de 2017, junto ao Prof. Dr. Alfio Brandenburg, e 2018. No ano de 2019 estará à frente da Coordenação Geral no decênio do SNS&P. Concedida em setembro de 2018, a entrevista apresenta balanços significativos da trajetória do Seminário Nacional de Sociologia e Política sob o ponto de vista da Professora Maria Tarcisa Bega.
Tropicalismo, nacionalismo e contracultura: as afinidades entre a canção e o teatro tropicalistas (1966-1969)
Authors: Milani Vinícius Tadeu
Published: November 2018

O “movimento” Tropicalista constituiu-se e consolidou-se no período de 1966 e 1969, dialogando com as diversas esferas da produção cultural brasileira. As encenações das peças O Rei da vela (1933) e Roda Viva (1968), ao lado do álbum Tropicália ou Panis et Circensis (1968) e do compacto É proibido proibir (1968) representam diferentes respostas, na produção teatral e musical, de um processo que causou grande impacto na cultura brasileira, e especificamente entre as esquerdas, que cristalizavam uma produção artística com diferenciadas propostas nacionais-populares. As inovações, incorporações, rupturas, e a radicalização estética operada por Caetano Veloso e José Celso, são temas abertos à análise em torno do diálogo entre suas produções e das críticas às propostas nacionais- populares. Em nossa pesquisa, pretendemos analisar tanto os debates em torno dos álbuns e das peças, como as suas letras e encenações. Nosso objetivo é lançar luz sobre as afinidades existentes entre as obras dos artistas destacados, e como essas afinidades nos permitem problematizar a relação entre produção cultural e processo social de determinado período da história brasileira. Palavras-Chave: tropicalismo; nacionalismo; arte e sociedade; ditaduramilitar.
Mentorship in nursing academia: A qualitative study and call to action
Authors: Nowell Lorelli
Published: November 2018

Objective: Around the world nursing education institutions have been calling for mentorship; however, little is known about nursing faculty member’s perspective on if and why mentorship is important and at what career stages it is most valuable. The purpose of this study is to describe the nursing faculty member’s perspectives on mentorship in Canadian schools of nursing and explore if, why, and when mentorship is perceived to be needed.Methods: A qualitative thematic analysis study was conducted. Participants were purposively samples from the 81 English-speaking schools to capture variation across rank, tenure, school size, and areas within Canada. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 48 nursing faculty members from across Canada. Interview data was thematically analyzed.Results: Mentorship was identified as being essential yet widely absent from academic nursing. Participants viewed mentorship as a professional responsibility, and vital in consideration of the nursing faculty shortage and potential impact on students. There was an expressed need for mentorship during transition, advancement, collaboration, and as a means of way finding essential resources.Conclusions: Identifying nursing faculty member’s perspectives on mentorship is an important first step in developing mentorship in academic nursing. Nursing faculty views should be considered in the development, execution, and evaluation of mentorship programs.
Predicting Discharge Disposition After Shoulder Arthroplasty in the United States
Authors: Sivasundaram Lakshmanan , Tanenbaum Joseph , Trivedi Nikunj , Kim Chang-Yeon , Bafus Blaine T. , Hoyen Harry A. , Gillespie Robert J. , Wera Glenn D.
Published: November 2018

Introduction:

Postdischarge management for shoulder replacement continues to be performed on a case-by-case basis, with no uniform guidelines dictating management. The goal of this study was to develop a nomogram to preoperatively predict a patient's discharge disposition after elective shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods:

Patients who underwent elective shoulder arthroplasty between 2012 and 2015 were identified in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for discharge to a postacute care facility, and these results were used to create a predictive nomogram.

Results:

From 2012 to 2015, 8,363 procedures were identified. In our cohort, 962 patients (11.5%) were discharged to a postacute care facility, and 7,492 patients (88.5%) were discharged home. Preoperative functional status, followed by American Society of Anesthesiologists Class and age, had the strongest predictive value for discharge disposition after shoulder arthroplasty.

Discussion:

Discharge disposition can be predicted using a nomogram with commonly identified preoperative and intraoperative variables.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort design, observational study
Venous Thromboembolism After Shoulder Arthoplasty and Arthroscopy
Authors: Rapp Catherine M. , Shields Edward J. , Wiater Brett P. , Wiater J. Michael
Published: November 2018

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the orthopaedic literature largely focuses on lower extremity trauma and arthroplasty, with relatively few investigations of VTE after shoulder surgery. Because the rate of shoulder surgery, especially arthroplasty, continues to expand, it is important for practicing surgeons to understand the magnitude of risk, potential consequences, and prevention methods with regard to VTE. VTE after shoulder surgery has been a topic of increasing interest over the past decade, and the purpose of this review is to examine the recent literature on pathophysiology, risk factors, incidence, diagnosis, sequelae, prevention, treatment, and current recommendations regarding VTE after shoulder surgery.
A Survey of Students’ Motivation in College English Learning Under Production-Oriented Approach in NCEPU
Authors: Ren Junhong , Wang Na
Published: November 2018

This study investigates students’ motivation in college English learning under production-oriented approach by means of a questionnaire. Forty students in their first-year study participated in this survey. They came from four different disciplines: electronic engineering, automatic engineering, mechanic engineering and power engineering. They were required to fill in the questionnaire at the beginning of the second semester before the teaching reform and at the end of the second semester when the teaching reform was conducted respectively. Our study indicates that students in increasing numbers begin to show great interest in college English learning under POA, and their intrinsic motivation in English learning has been strengthened while at the same time extrinsic motivation shows a tendency of decline. The potential implication of this finding is that POA may be effective in stimulating students’ motivation in college English learning.
The Capping Theory of Chemical Elements and Clusters Based on 4N Series and Skeletal Numbers
Authors: Kiremire Enos Masheija Rwantale
Published: November 2018

The genesis of chemical clusters of the transition and main group elements has been established. The base-line cluster valence electrons has been demarcated with help of capping series. Using the base-line as a reference, the formulas of fragments and clusters were generated.  Also a simple general formula for cleating cluster valence electrons for systems ranging from a single skeletal element to hundreds of them was identified. In so doing, the single elements of the periodic table were naturally placed into their respective periods. The concepts of the existence of nuclei in clusters and some having black-holes were deeply rooted. A tentative explanation of some clusters having an octahedral geometry but with low cluster valence electron count was put forward.
Influential Factors of Residential Commodity Price Changes in Sanya
Authors: Du Ying-Yu , Huang Yong-Qi , Yao Can-Xu , Zhang Yuan-Biao
Published: November 2018

Residential commodity price is not only an important index of government macro-control, but also an important livelihood topic in society. The purpose of this paper is to take Sanya as an example to make an empirical analysis on the relationship between the factors affecting commodity housing prices, and their effects on housing prices. By using pearson correlation analysis, factor analysis and principal component regression method, it is found that the main factors influencing the housing price in Sanya are the housing sales area, the gross domestic product, the per capita disposable income, and the land price level of residential land. Among them, housing sales area and Sanya city house price changes in the opposite direction, the regional gross domestic product, per capita disposable income, residential land price level plays a positive role in housing prices.
In de schaduw, uit de schaduw
Authors: Bethlehem Jelke , van Holsteyn Joop
Published: November 2018

In the shade, out of the shade. Origin, nature and possibilities of shadow elections or exit polls

There is a lot of polling in the Netherlands, especially in the run-up to elections. The assessment of future voting behavior in the run-up to elections is inherently difficult, because many voters do not know in advance whether they will vote, let alone for which party. There is therefore constant debate about the quality of these surveys. However, there are also polls that are not held prior to elections, but on election day instead. They are called exit polls or shadow elections. The sample consists of voters who actually visited the polling station and cast their vote. In this article the authors emphasize the nature and useful and interesting role of exit polls. Exit polls are an important tool for making an accurate prognosis of the results shortly after the closing of the ballot boxes. Secondly, an exit poll can provide further insight into electoral gains and losses, and thus counteract unfounded speculation. After all, the data collected form an empirical source for a first analysis of the outcome and electoral behavior. All in all, the exit poll is a relatively easy-to-organize and attractive ingredient for a results evening. Confusing pre-election polls with exit polls probably does not do justice to the higher quality of exit polls in terms of prognosis. The article explains where exit polls differ from pre-election polls and what the most important choices are when setting up such a poll; it also shows that a well-designed exit poll is accurate and has adds value to a results evening. The authors give practical examples in their argument and discuss the exit poll that was organized in Leiden at the council elections of 21 March 2018.
De betekenis van participatieve toekomstverkenningen voor strategisch beleid: lessen uit de lokale praktijk
Authors: Rijkens-Klomp Nicole , Cörvers Ron
Published: November 2018

The meaning of participatory explorations of the future for strategic policy: lessons from local practice

Exploration of the future is about systematically exploring future developments and the possible consequences for an organization or issue. The demand for future explorations at local policy level has increased in recent years. This article focuses on the relationship between participatory future exportations and local strategic policy processes. On the basis of four case studies, the meaning of participatory foresight studies for local policy processes was investigated. The research, which was carried out as action research, shows that future explorations in local strategic policy processes can be significant in different ways: they provide new knowledge, they promote learning in an integral and future-oriented manner and they encourage social learning processes that are independent of the content, which is valuable for group dynamics. In addition, future explorations can be useful in different phases of the policy cycle. Despite the fact that participatory explorations of the future can be meaningful in local strategic policy processes, there is still a bridge between the method of future exploration on the one hand and policy processes and organizations on the other. The research shows that a demand-driven approach starting from the needs of the participants in the policy process and responding to the culture, structure and working method of the organization is a promising approach. At the same time, the research shows that there are several factors that need to be considered in order to achieve a stronger interrelatedness of future exploration and policy. The policy practice and the exploratory practice seem to be gradually evolving towards each other. On the one hand, policy practice is becoming more rational, transparent and analytical in nature through the use of future explorations, at least in policy preparation. The explorations promote substantive discussions on policy agendas and policy intentions. On the other hand, they are becoming more policy oriented through more reasoning from the policy practice in terms of process design and knowledge needs of the policy process.
Het geheim van succesregio’s: welk beleid werkt?
Authors: Reussing Rik
Published: November 2018

The secret of successful regions: which policy works? Van Poelje lecture 2018

Since 2018, the Department of Public Administration of the Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences (BMS) of the University of Twente, in close cooperation with the municipality Zwolle, the Province of Overijssel and BMC advice, have been organizing the yearly Van Poelje lecture (named after administrative scientist and founder of Dutch Public Administration Gerrit van Poelje). The first lecture took place on 29 January 2018 in the ‘Grote Kerk’ in Zwolle. The subject of the lecture was the secret of successful regions: which policy works? Otto Raspe of the Dutch Planning Agency for the Environment delivered the keynote speech. Presentations from the administrative field were given by Henk Jan Meijer (mayor of the municipality Zwolle) and Staf Depla (alderman of the municipality Eindhoven) who respectively addressed the cooperation in the regions Zwolle and South-East Brabant. Bert van Delden responded from the point of view of the Home Office (he deputized for his minister, Kajsa Ollongren). After a short debate, the afternoon was closed by Marcel Boogers (senior advisor at BMC and professor at the University of Twente) with a scientific reflection on the subject of the lecture. The main message of the keynote speaker Otto Raspe was that an urban region is successful if it is able to use its agglomeration advantages. This is possible by seeking connections between clusters and the knowledge infrastructure, and between human capital and a pleasant living and social climate.
Kantelt de stad?
Authors: Nelissen Nico
Published: November 2018

Does the city tilt? Everything changes, but … is not everything still the same?

It may seem obvious to say that society changes and that this is happening at an increasing speed. But not everyone fully realizes that society as a whole is undergoing fundamental changes and that this will lead to a complete transformation and structural change of society over a longer period of time. Some think that tomorrow is a multitude of today, others think that the present is not really a good compass for what tomorrow and especially the day after tomorrow will be. In this respect, municipalities are faced with the considerable task of making a ‘future-proof’ diagnosis of ‘municipal reality’ and of forming a picture of what that future will be, or should be. Municipalities differ considerably in the way in which they deal with these aspects administratively: from ‘government as usual’ on the one hand to ‘complete tilt’ on the other side of the continuum. Much municipal policy is a slightly adapted version of what they have been doing for a long time. The real initiatives to ‘fundamentally tilt’ systems have yet to reach many municipalities. In other words: everything changes, but… have things not remained the same? In this essay the author discusses these issues in the context of his hometown Maastricht (in the south of the Netherlands) as an example.
Cotton Matters. A Recognition and Comparison of the Cottonopolises in Central-Eastern Europe during the Industrial Revolution
Authors: Kowalski Kamil , Matera Rafał , Sokołowicz Mariusz E.
Published: November 2018

The paper identifies the cities in Central-Eastern Europe which were often called Manchesters in the past, because of their similar path of development and the concentration on cotton production in the 19th century in the period of the industrial revolution. The significance of the cotton industry is underlined in the growth of the cities. Following Eric Hobsbawm’s thesis, cotton is treated as the textile symbol of the industrial revolution. That is why the cities’ comparison includes the role of geography, institutions and technology, which were conducive for cotton production. We claim that cotton production was decisive for the real “take-off” of these cities. and at the same time it was the institutional factor that conditioned the economic development. The primary measure is population change over more than 100 years in 5 Cottonopolises: Manchester – the original one, Chemnitz, Lodz, Tampere and Ivanovo.
Mellom kunnskapsdiskurs og sosial diskurs: Ukeplaner som sjanger og vurderingspraksis
Authors: Rambø Gro-Renée , Tønnessen Elise Seip
Published: November 2018

Denne artikkelen undersøker ukeplanen slik den brukes og forstås i kommunikasjonen mellom skole og hjem i barneskolen i Norge. Vi ser ukeplanen som en type funksjonell sakprosa som er svært utbredt, og analyserer hvordan sjangeren ukeplan er utformet, hvilke funksjoner den fyller, og hvordan den posisjonerer barn og foresatte i forhold til skolens vurderingsarbeid. Analysen omfatter 34 ukeplaner samlet inn fra 12 skoler med spredning i geografi og klassetrinn. Ukeplanene er utpreget multimodale tekster, og utformingen analyseres i form av meningsklynger som danner mønstre av obligatoriske og valgfrie elementer. Basert på kritisk diskursanalyse undersøkes ukeplanen som en sjanger som gjør elever og foresatte til medansvarlige i skolens læringsarbeid. Analysen viser to delvis konkurrerende diskurser, en som handler om skolens kunnskapssyn og en sosial diskurs som handler om fellesskap og tilhørighet. På bakgrunn av en drøfting av forholdet mellom disse to slik de fremkommer i ukeplanene, diskuterer vi hvilke ideologiske føringer som ligger til grunn, og her viser vi først og fremst til New Public Management som styringsideologi. In this article we examine the weekly schedule as an important part of the communication practice between school and home arena in Norwegian primary school. We consider the weekly schedule a widespread type of functional nonfictional text, and analyse how this genre is formed, what functions it fills, and how it positions children and parents when it comes to assessment in school. The analysis consists of a total of 34 weekly schedules collected from 12 schools that are dispersed in geography and grades. These weekly schedules are distinctly multimodal texts, and the design is analysed on basis of clusters of meaning that forms patterns of obligatory and optional items. Based on critical discourse analysis the weekly schedule is examined as a genre that makes pupils and parents jointly responsible for learning outcomes and learning strategies in school. The analysis shows that the weekly schedules reflect two partly competing discourses; a discourse about the school´s understanding of knowledge, and a social discourse about fellowship and belonging. On basis of how these two discourses appear in the weekly schedules, we discuss the ideological context that influence the genre, above all New Public Management as management ideology.
Pædagogisk brug af test
Authors: Bundsgaard Jeppe
Published: November 2018

De danske nationale test er computerbaserede, selvrettende og adaptive og er obligatoriske for elever i en række fag på 2.-8. klassetrin. Ved beslutningen om at indføre dem i 2006 var det politikernes genkommende begrundelse at de skulle fungere som et pædagogisk redskab og bidrage til at skabe en stærk evalueringskultur. Denne artikel undersøger om det med nationale test er lykkedes at skabe et sådant pædagogisk redskab. Undersøgelsen indledes med en gennemgang af måder en test som nationale test potentielt kan fungere som et pædagogisk redskab, og nationale test undersøges derefter for om disse måder er realiserede. Undersøgelsen foretages som et dokumentstudie af baggrundsrapporter, vejledninger, evalueringer, hjemmesider mv. fra Undervisningsministeriet. Det viser sig i analyserne at nationale test kun i meget begrænset omfang kan fungere som et pædagogisk redskab. Det overvejes dernæst hvad den rolle nationale test spiller, kan have af konsekvenser for skolen og undervisningen af eleverne.The Danish national tests are computer-based, self-correcting and adaptive and are mandatory for students in a number of subjects in the 2nd to 8th grade. By the decision to introduce them in 2006, the politicians' recurring reason was that they should act as a pedagogical tool and contribute to creating a strong evaluation culture. This article examines whether the national test has succeeded in creating such a pedagogical tool. The study begins with a review of ways a test like national tests may potentially act as a pedagogical tool, and national tests are then examined regarding the question of whether these ways are realized. The survey is conducted as a document study of background reports, guides, evaluations, websites, etc. from the Ministry of Education. The analyzes show that national tests only function to a very limited extent as a pedagogical tool. It is then considered how national test can have consequences for the school and the teaching of the students.
Sistema Geométrico Euclidiano
Authors: Basso Marli , Basso Ivanilda
Published: November 2018

In this paper we appoach the historical development of the geometry advanced in the ancient, amphâsize mainly the Os Elementos of the mathematical Euclides.
Regeneração somática in vitro de batata doce Ipomoea batatas (L.,) Lam.
Authors: Vedoy Cleber Giovane , Loreto Élgio Lúcio da Silva
Published: November 2018

Explants from meristem tip and stem of sweet potato were placed in MURASHIGE & SKOOG medium containing (in mg/l) 0,1 of kinetin (kin) and 0,01 NAA (a); 1,0 kin and 0,1 NAA (b); 3,0 kin and 0,1 NAA (c) and 2,0 kin and 2,0 2,4-D (d). The followings results was obtided: (a) callus with weak aerial part growth; (b) callus with vigorous roots growth and (c-d) callus growth without morphogenesis.
Aspectos florísticos e fitossociológicos da Floresta do Morro Osório, RS, Brasil
Authors: Machado Paulo Fernando dos Santos , Longhi Solon Jonas
Published: November 2018

We have studied the floristic composition and phytosocyological struture of the Osório Hill, Osório town, in the littoral of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), from the data collected in a forest inventory, with 10 sample units of 10 x 100m in area for trees with CBH > = 45cm, each one having two circular concentric sub-samples, one of these with 10m2 (radius = 1.78m) and other with 100m2 (radius = 5.64m) for natural regeneration analysis in the classes from 0 to 15 to 45cm of CBH, respectively. We have identifies 65 species belonging to 58 genii of 30 botanic families. Allophylus edulis (St. Hil.) Radlk., Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart., Cupania vernalis Camb., Erythryna falcata Benth., Inga marginata Willd., Luehea divaricata Mart., Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez., Pachystroma longifolium (Nees.) I. M. Johnston., Trema micrantha (L.) Blume. e Trichilia clausseni: C. DC. are between the most distinguished species.