bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antena Spiral-dipole untuk Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
Authors: Wahyu Yuyu , S Haryanto Sachrawi , H Asep Yudi , Wijanto Heroe
Published: April 2017

GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) merupakan divais yang berguna untuk proses pendeteksian objek yang terkubur di bawah permukaan tanah hingga kedalaman tertentu, tanpa perlu dilakukan penggalian tanah. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan, simulasi dan realisasi antena spiral-dipole dengan pembebanan resistif untuk aplikasi impulse GPR. Pembebanan resistif bertujuan untuk menekan late-time ringing dan memperbesar bandwidth walaupun akan mengurangi efisiensi amplitudo pulsa utama. Late-time ringing merupakan osilasi yang mengikuti pulsa yang dikirimkan. Osilasi ini dapat mengaburkan sinyal yang dipantulkan oleh objek sehingga menyulitkan untuk dilakukan proses deteksi. Dengan melakukan perubahan nilai konstanta k pada rumusan spiral Archimedes, maka didapatkan bentuk spiral dengan kerapatan yang berbeda-beda. Dalam tulisan ini, nilai konstanta k yang digunakan antara lain 0,5; 1; dan 1,5. Parameter yang dibahas dalam simulasi ini adalah amplitudo peak to peak pulsa utama maupun ringing yang dihasilkan dari masing-masing antena dengan nilai konstanta k yang digunakan. Analisis elektromagnetik dalam domain waktu digunakan metode FDTD (finite-difference time-domain) dengan software FDTD3D untuk menghitung gelombang yang ditransmisikan antena dalam domain waktu. Selanjutnya dilakukan realisasi dan pengukuran antena tersebut.
Rede de enfrentamento à violência contra a mulher: situação dos serviços especializados no município de Maceió
Authors: TOJAL Ana Lúcia Soares , SILVA Quitéria Maria Ferreira da , ALMEIDA Anna Carollyna Marques de Souza , ROZA Tânia Ferreira Soares de Melo
Published: April 2017

O estudo sobre os serviços especializados da Rede de Enfrentamento à Violência contra a Mulher em Maceió teve como objetivo identificar os avanços e limites da Rede, na perspectiva de contribuir para reorganização das estratégias de intervenção das instituições componentes. A pesquisa qualitativa, de modalidade exploratória, utilizou como procedimentos metodológicos a entrevista semiestruturada, com as profissionais de 46% das instituições componentes da Rede. Os resultados indicaram limites no que diz respeito à infraestrutura física, à insuficiência de pessoal qualificado para atendimento às vítimas, à desarticulação entre as instituições que fragiliza a lógica de rede e a desestruturação de alguns serviços. Apontam pequenas iniciativas e esforços das profissionais para operacionalização da Rede.
Evaluation of ribosomal P0 peptide as a vaccine candidate against Argulus siamensis in Labeo rohita
Authors: Kar Banya , Mohapatra Amruta , Mohanty Jyotirmaya , Sahoo Pramoda Kumar
Published: April 2017

Argulusspp. are important ectoparasites of fish, and the current approach of their control using chemical pesticides has numerous drawbacks. Vaccination is a promising alternative but identification of protective antigens is a limiting step. The ribosomal protein P0, essential for protein synthesis, has been studied as a vaccine candidate. We generated sequence information of the P0 protein of the ectoparasiteArgulus siamensisand the hostLabeo rohita. The region of the parasite P0 protein with less sequence similarity with that of the host P0 protein and high predicted antigenicity was used for peptide synthesis. The peptide was conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) for immunization of rohu at a dose of 1.5 μg/g body weight. Dot blot assays confirmed production of antibodies against pP0-KLH in immunized fish. We evaluated the efficiency of pP0-KLH as a vaccine antigen by challenge of the immunized fish withA.siamensis. Although there was no significant difference in parasite load between both groups, a reduced and delayed mortality of 59% (15 days post-infection) in immunized group was noticed as compared to 75% mortality (within 7–15 days post-infection) in control group. The partial protection observed indicated the need for further optimization of this molecule to develop it into a vaccine candidate.
Variation of autosomes and X chromosome STR in breast cancer and gynecological cancer tissues
Authors: Hou Youxiang , Dong Zhanfei , Kuerban Gulina
Published: April 2017

This study analyses 1000 cases of patients with breast cancer and 2000 cases of patients with gynecological cancer (1000 cases of malignant tumor, 1000 cases of benign tumors), where breast cancer and malignant tumor patients comprise the observation group, while patients with benign tumors comprise the control group. Through DNA extraction, STR genotyping and variation verification, microdissection, individual STR mutation rate and loci STR mutation rate of the two groups of patients were calculated. Results show that there are no significant (P > 0.05) differences in the STR variation of autosomes and X chromosome between patients in the observation group and those in the reference group. However, significant (P < 0.05) intergroup differences were found for STR variation typing between patients with malignant and benign tumors. Using STR genotyping for autosomes and X chromosomes, gynecological cancer patients were found to be more likely to mutate, with a clear relationship between STR variation and tumor differentiation degrees. The study on the variation analysis of autosomes and X chromosome STR in breast and gynecological cancer tissues is expected to have a high application value when applied to medical research and identification processes.
Interprofessional learning: learning gain and change of attitude in first semester medical students / Interprofessionelles Lernen: Lernzuwachs und Einstellungsänderung bei Medizinstudierenden im 1. Semester
Authors: Behrend Ronja , Peters Harm , Böttner Andreas , Heinze Cornelia
Published: April 2017

Background

The competence and willingness of physicians to work in interprofessional teams is important for the quality of patient care. To train this competence, the integration of interprofessional learning into undergraduate medical curricula is recommended by experts. This study analyses how a single interprofessional teaching course impacts on medical students’ learning gain and change of attitude towards interprofessional collaboration.

Method

With a questionnaire study in a pre/post design, the learning gain of five learning goals were analyzed. For analyzing change of attitude towards interprofessional collaboration, the “Readiness for interprofessional learning scale” was used in a German translation (RIPLS-D). 71 interprofessionally taught medical students were compared to 227 monoprofessionally taught medical students. In addition, the subjective impressions of the course were analyzed qualitatively by free text answers.

Results

Four out of five learning goals show no differences in the extent of learning gain between inter- and monoprofessionally taught groups. The group comparison shows a change of attitude towards interprofessional collaboration for the interprofessionally taught group. The free text responses show positive feedback on the course and suggest good acceptance of interprofessional learning.

Discussion

The present study is evidence of a positive impact of interprofessional teaching on medical students’ willingness towards interprofessional collaboration. In addition, medical students express a good acceptance for interprofessional learning. In order to detect long-term effects on health care practice, conditions for long-term testing of interprofessional teaching should be established in undergraduate medical curricula.
The deal.II library, version 8.5
Authors: Arndt Daniel , Bangerth Wolfgang , Davydov Denis , Heister Timo , Heltai Luca , Kronbichler Martin , Maier Matthias , Pelteret Jean-Paul , Turcksin Bruno , Wells David
Published: April 2017

This paper provides an overview of the new features of the finite element library deal.II version 8.5.
Carrier recombination in sonochemically synthesized ZnO powders
Authors: Zakirov M.I. , Korotchenkov O.A.
Published: April 2017

ZnO powders with particle size in the nm to μm range have been fabricated by sonochemical method, utilizing zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as starting materials. Carrier recombination processes in the powders have been investigated using the photoluminescence, FT-IR and surface photovoltage techniques. It has been shown that the photoluminescence spectra exhibit a number of defect-related emission bands which are typically observed in ZnO lattice and which depend on the sonication time. It has been found that the increase of the stirring time results in a faster decay of the photovoltage transients for times shorter than approximately 5 ms. From the obtained data it has been concluded that the sonication modifies the complicated trapping dynamics from volume to surface defects, whereas the fabrication method itself offers a remarkably convenient means of modifying the relative content of the surface-to-volume defect ratio in powder grains and altering the dynamics of photoexcited carriers.
Influence of substrate temperature and gas pressure on aluminum oxynitride coatings obtained by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Piwowarczyk Joanna , Jędrzejewski Roman , Baranowska Jolanta
Published: April 2017

The paper presents results of the investigation on the influence of deposition parameters, such as substrate temperature, total gas pressure and reactive gas composition on the structure, chemical composition and mechanical properties of aluminum oxynitride coatings obtained by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. Selection of process parameter ranges, which could be promising for aluminum oxynitride (ALON) coatings deposition, was the main objective of the work. Two series of experiments were carried out with varied pressure and temperature. It was found that from the chemical composition viewpoint, the most promising are atmospheres containing 20 % to 40 % oxygen. The nitrogen to oxygen ratios in the coatings can be controlled by increasing the total pressure or substrate temperature. However, increasing the pressure has a negative effect on the O + N:Al ratio, mechanical properties and quality of the coatings. The influence of temperature is much less drastic and more controllable. Increasing the deposition temperature is much more beneficial since it improves the mechanical properties and can compensate to some extent the negative effect of the total pressure. From the coating quality viewpoint, it is possible to establish an optimum temperature range for which the coatings are characterized by a compact structure and a limited number of droplets.
Development of calcium titanium oxide coated silicon solar cells for enhanced voltage generation capacity
Authors: Kathirvel K. , Rajasekar R. , Shanmuharajan T. , Pal Samir Kumar , Sathish Kumar P. , Saravana Kumar J.
Published: April 2017

Depletion of fossil fuel based energy sources drive the present scenario towards development of solar based alternative energy. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells are preferred due to low cost and abundant availability. However, the power conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon is lesser compared to monocrystalline one. The present study aims at analyzing the effect of calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3) antireflection (AR) coating on the power conversion of polycrystalline solar cells. CaTiO3 offers unique characteristics, such as non-radioactive and non-magnetic orthorhombic biaxial structure with bulk density of 3.91 g/cm3. CaTiO3 film deposition on the solar cell substrate has been carried out using Radio Frequency (RF) magnetron sputter coating technique under varying time durations (10 min to 45 min). Morphological studies proved the formation of CaTiO3 layer and respective elemental percentages on the coated substrate. Open circuit voltage studies were conducted on bare and coated silicon solar substrates under open and controlled atmospheric conditions. CaTiO3 coated on a solar cell substrate in a deposition time of 30 min showed 8.76 % improvement in the cell voltage compared to the bare solar cell.
Flow Characteristic and Heat Transfer for Non-Newtonian Nanofluid in Rectangular Microchannels with Teardrop Dimples/Protrusions
Authors: Zhang Zheyuan , Xie Yonghui , Zhang Di , Xie Gongnan
Published: April 2017

Porous cavity technology is one of the effective ways to improve local flow structures and thus the overall heat transfer of heat exchanging devices. In the present investigation, the flow characteristics and heat transfer in a microchannel heat sink with teardrop dimples/protrusions are studied with a numerical method. The working substances are Al2O3-water nanofluids, which are defined by power-law shear-thinning model. The relative depth and positive eccentricity of dimples/protrusions arranged in the microchannels are 0.2 and 0.3 respectively. The inlet velocity varies in the range of 1.41 m⋅s−1 to 8.69 m⋅s−1 and the volume fraction ranges from 0.5% to 3.5%. The effects of the flow and heat transfer characteristics are investigated by analyzing the limiting streamlines structures and temperature distributions. The overall thermal performance is evaluated by parameters of Fanning friction factor, Nusselt number and thermal performance. It is shown that the combination of teardrop dimple/protrusion structure and Al2O3-water nanofluids could effectively strengthen heat transfer with low pressure loss. Moreover, in order to obtain the best overall thermal performance, working substances with volume faction of 3.5% is preferred for the proposed microchannel structure.
Borderlands Fortress
Authors: Johnson Maxwell
Published: April 2017

Focusing on the World War I era, this article examines Harry Chandler’s Los Angeles Times and William Randolph Hearst’s Los Angeles Examiner. It argues that these two rival newspapers urged a particular urban identity for Los Angeles during World War I. If Los Angeles was to become the capital of the American West, the papers demanded that real and rhetorical barriers be constructed to protect the city from a dual Japanese-Mexican menace. While federal officials viewed the border as a line to be maintained, Chandler and Hearst feared it. Los Angeles needed to be a borderlands fortress. After the war, the two newspapers ably transitioned into an editorial style that privileged progress over preparedness. This paper reveals that the contested narrative of progress, based in transnational concerns, was crucial to the city’s early and ultimate development.
Protein kinase STK25 aggravates the severity of non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease in mice
Authors: Nuñez-Durán Esther , Chanclón Belén , Sütt Silva , Real Joana , Marschall Hanns-Ulrich , Wernstedt Asterholm Ingrid , Cansby Emmelie , Mahlapuu Margit
Published: April 2017

Characterising the molecular networks that negatively regulate pancreatic β-cell function is essential for understanding the underlying pathogenesis and developing new treatment strategies for type 2 diabetes. We recently identified serine/threonine protein kinase 25 (STK25) as a critical regulator of ectopic fat storage, meta-inflammation, and fibrosis in liver and skeletal muscle. Here, we assessed the role of STK25 in control of progression of non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease in the context of chronic exposure to dietary lipids in mice. We found that overexpression of STK25 in high-fat-fed transgenic mice aggravated diet-induced lipid storage in the pancreas compared with that of wild-type controls, which was accompanied by exacerbated pancreatic inflammatory cell infiltration, stellate cell activation, fibrosis and apoptosis. Pancreas of Stk25 transgenic mice also displayed a marked decrease in islet β/α-cell ratio and alteration in the islet architecture with an increased presence of α-cells within the islet core, whereas islet size remained similar between genotypes. After a continued challenge with a high-fat diet, lower levels of fasting plasma insulin and C-peptide, and higher levels of plasma leptin, were detected in Stk25 transgenic vs wild-type mice. Furthermore, the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was impaired in high-fat-fed Stk25 transgenic mice during glucose tolerance test, in spite of higher net change in blood glucose concentrations compared with wild-type controls, suggesting islet β-cell dysfunction. In summary, this study unravels a role for STK25 in determining the susceptibility to diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease in mice in connection to obesity. Our findings highlight STK25 as a potential drug target for metabolic disease.
Reflexiones filosóficas y psicoanalíticas en la era del discurso capitalista
Authors: Vergara Costas José Antonio
Published: April 2017

El pensar filosófico, junto con el saber analítico, crean un nuevo espacio de observación. El discurso capitalista y sus tentativas socializadoras han transformado los espacios sociales y han alejado al sujeto freudiano de una interacción fluida con el otro. El discurso y su ‘nueva era’ marca la desintegración de espacios fundamentales en la estructura social del sujeto. La alteración del espacio tiempo del individuo, el enclaustramiento en el mero acto del consumo y la vivencia en una estructura social marcada por el goce son algunos de los elementos presentes en la actual socialización.

La hipótesis del presente artículo se fundamenta en el pensar reflexivo sobre la actual socialización del sujeto: ¿nos encontramos frente a una nueva manera de relacionarnos con el otro?, ¿hemos perdido la capacidad de relacionarnos entre nosotros?, ¿nos enfrentamos a una socialización marcada por y para el objeto olvidando un rasgo tan humano como la reflexión y el saber como consecuencia del estar en el mundo? La respuesta a estas preguntas nos obliga a una amplia reflexión sobre el sujeto y sus implicaciones psicoanalíticas; el discurso capitalista y sus nuevas formas de vínculo social, el sujeto y su entorno social, así como el rol que en el interior de este discurso toma el objeto mercancía. El tiempo será otro objeto de análisis: el olvido del pasado como fuente de entendimiento y reflexión, el presente como un continuo y el futuro como una proyección del entendimiento del sujeto. La profundización en este pensar filosófico nos dirige a Jacques Lacan y su teorización del espacio social, su enseñanza de los discursos como forma de lazo social, sus implicaciones en la vida del individuo, el goce como forma de transgresión que permite dar una explicación reflexiva en torno al desarrollo social capitalista.
TRANSLATION AS A COGNITIVE STRATEGY FOR LIFELONG LEARNING
Authors: Kavaliauskienė Galina , Kaminskienė Ligija
Published: April 2017

Learning strategies are immensely ambiguous phenomena and nothing is clear-cut about them.Zoltan DőrnyeiThe object of education is to prepare the young to educate themselves throughout their lives. Robert M. Hutchins
TRANSLATIONAL CREATIVITY: TRANSLATING GENRE CONVENTIONS IN STATUTES
Authors: Nielsen Sandro
Published: April 2017

A long-established approach to legal translation focuses on terminological equivalence making translators strictly follow the words of source texts. Recent research suggests that there is room for some creativity allowing translators to deviate from the source texts. However, little attention is given to genre conventions in source texts and the ways in which they can best be translated. I propose that translators of statutes with an informative function in expert-to-expert communication may be allowed limited translational creativity when translating specific types of genre convention. This creativity is a result of translators adopting either a source-language or a targetlanguage oriented strategy and is limited by the pragmatic principle of co-operation. Examples of translation options are provided illustrating the different results in target texts. The use of a target-language oriented strategy leads to target texts that contain genre conventions expected by the target audience and at the same time retain the substantive legal contents of source texts. This, I argue, results in translations that are both factually and conventionally correct seen from the point of view of the intended target audience.
TRANSLATORS’ TOOLS: LATVIAN AND LITHUANIAN BILINGUAL LEXICOGRAPHICAL TRADITION COMPARED
Authors: Veisbergs Andrejs
Published: April 2017

Translation needs tools, the oldest and most widespread of which are (bilingual) dictionaries. In the absence of the necessary language pair dictionary, translators seek advice in foreign language dictionaries. Translators have frequently been the authors of dictionaries themselves. Latvian and Lithuanian nations and languages, though kindred, have had a rather different history. Both historically and politically, developments in Latvian have been more parallel to Estonian than Lithuanian as both fell under German and Lutheran influence while Lithuanian had a Polish-bound Catholic history. Yet the development of their writing, translation and lexicography has followed a remarkably similar process and testifies to the common space of knowledge (Wissensraum). As with their lexicography, their bilingual dictionaries grew out of a connection between translation and religion. Both countries underwent a national awakening/awareness in the 19th century that led to a greater variety of translations and dictionaries. Notably, monolingual Latvian and Lithuanian dictionaries appeared only in the 20th century, testifying to the importance of bilingual lexicography in ensuring language contact. Bilingual dictionaries have dominated the lexicography scene of Latvia and Lithuania from the start until the present day. The twentieth century, with its expanding translation needs, produced an even greater variety of translations and bilingual dictionaries in both countries.
ON TRANSLATING TITLES IN ARTISTIC DISCOURSE
Authors: Boyko Lyudmila
Published: April 2017

As a specific type of proper names, the titles of works of art constitute a very important and highly translation-sensitive element of art discourse. This paper aims to demonstrante how specific titling in arts affects the translation process. To that end, a brief overview of the title’s role in verbal and non-verbal discourse is given. Further on, it is shown how, due to the involvement of heterogenic semiotic codes, specific functioning of titles results in a different perception strategy, making most routine title translation strategies inapplicable. The paper concludes that the choice of translation strategy is determined by various extra-linguistic factors, such as alternative titling, back-translation situations, and the requirements of the commissioner.
UŽSIENIO TIFLOLOGINIŲ PUBLIKACIJŲ VERTIMAI LIETUVOS SKAITYTOJAMS
Authors: Januševičienė Rasa , Juchnevič Laura
Published: April 2017

Šio straipsnio tyrimo objektas – užsienio tiflologinių (gr. „typhlos“ – „aklas“; tiflologinis – „susijęs su aklumo problema ir aklųjų veikla“) publikacijų vertimai Lietuvos skaitytojams. Straipsnyje pristatoma tiflologinių publikacijų vertimo istorija ir praktika Lietuvoje, aptariamos vertimo akliesiems ir silpnaregiams galimybės ir specifika. Pateikiama Lietuvos aklųjų bibliotekos leidžiamo garsinio žurnalo Aklieji pasaulyje turinio analizė. Atliktas tyrimas rodo, iš kokių periodinių užsienio leidinių daugiausia publikacijų verčiama ir kurie žurnalo skyriai yra populiariausi, daugiausiai skaitomi. Tyrimas yra naudingas planuojant užsienio tiflologinių publikacijų vertimus į lietuvių kalbą.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ‘TRANSLATION IS THE LANGUAGE OF EUROPE’ (UMBERTO ECO), 6–7 OCTOBER 2011, VILNIUS
Authors: Maskaliūnienė Nijolė
Published: April 2017

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Memória e imortalidade nas recordações de Sousa Bastos
Authors: De Oliveira Richard Bertolin , Da Rocha Junior Alberto Ferreira
Published: April 2017

A obra Recordações de Teatro, escrita pelo autor, jornalista, dramaturgo, diretor e empresário português Antonio de Sousa Bastos (1844-1911), assemelha-se a um dicionário biográfico, contendo informações sobre uma lista numerosa de artistas, não só reconhecidos na cena teatral portuguesa e brasileira, mas também relevantes mundialmente. Na presente análise, atentamo-nos para os procedimentos da escrita biográfica de uma grande variedade de nomes registrados na obra e, por isso, livrados do esquecimento. Por meio da leitura desses textos biográficos, pode-se constatar também o fluxo cultural entre Brasil e Portugal nos séculos XIX e XX, promovido por uma quantidade numerosa de artistas que cruzavam o Atlântico nos dois sentidos da rota.********************************************************************Memory and immortality in the memoirs of Sousa BastosAbstract: Recordações de teatro, a work written by the Portuguese author, journalist, playwright, director and businessman, Antonio de Sousa Bastos (1844-1911), resembles a biographical dictionary, containing information about a large list of artists, not only recognized in the scenario of both Portuguese and Brazilian drama, but also globally relevant. In the analysis we develop hereby, we aim at studying the procedures of biographical writing of a variety of names registered in the work of Sousa Bastos and, therefore, salvaged from oblivion. By reading those biographical texts, one can also observe the cultural exchange between Brazil and Portugal in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, promoted by a large number of artists who crossed the Atlantic in both directions of the route.Keywords: archive; biography; memory; Portuguese drama; Sousa Bastos.
A poesia nas histórias da literatura goesa de língua portuguesa
Authors: Garmes Helder
Published: April 2017

A ex-colônia portuguesa de Goa, na Índia, teve uma significativa e hoje pouco conhecida produção poética em língua portuguesa. Ainda que parcamente estudada, mereceu a atenção de alguns historiadores e críticos. O presente artigo realiza um percurso por esses textos históricos e críticos que procuraram traçar um panorama da poesia goesa de língua portuguesa. Pretende-se reunir neste trabalho as poucas tentativas de se narrar essa história e, assim, sistematizar a historiografia acerca dessa poesia e chegar a delinear um panteão mais preciso desses poetas nos séculos XIX e XX. Busca-se também avaliar sumariamente até que ponto tais tentativas foram bem-sucedidas e que diferentes perspectivas assumiram. Finalmente, nosso intuito é o de sugerir uma nova abordagem para a reescritura dessa história.********************************************************************Poetry in the Histories of Goan Literature in PortugueseAbstract: Goa, the former Portuguese colony in India, had a relevant but little known poetical production in the Portuguese language. Still, though little tudied, it has received some attention from historians and critics. In this context, this article aims at tracing the itinerary of these historical and critical texts that bring a panorama of Goan poetry in Portuguese. This paper also analyzes the very few attempts made so far at narrating this poetical history and, consequently, also has as its objective to contribute to the systematization of the historiography on Goan poetry in Portuguese and the creation of a more accurate pantheon of these poets during 19th and 20th Centuries. It is also the aim of this work to briefly appraise to what an extent these attempts have been successful as well as the varied perspectives from which they have been made. Finally, our intention is to suggest a new approach for the rewriting of this literary history.Keywords: Poetry; Goan Literature in Portuguese; Indo-Portuguese Literature; History of Literature.
AGUALUSA, José Eduardo. A rainha Ginga e de como os africanos inventaram o mundo. Rio de Janeiro: Foz, 2015. 236 p.
Authors: Minuzzi Luara Pinto
Published: April 2017

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Batella, Juva. Do Gato Ulisses as sete histórias. Ilustração de Karina Kuschnir. Rio de Janeiro: Vieira & Lent, 2015. 72 p. (Cattus Fugit)
Authors: Gomes Eurídice
Published: April 2017

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De continuidades, cambios y rupturas. La trayectoria de Juan José Marín en la historia social del crimen en Costa Rica.
Authors: Gil Zúñiga José Daniel
Published: April 2017

Cualquier homenaje que se le haga a él siempre será poco antes sus múltiples aportes y su enorme calidad humana. Estas letras son un pequeño reconocimiento a lo mucho que de Juan José yo he aprendido y que se que seguiré aprehendiendo.
60 años de políticas económicas y su impacto en los salarios en Argentina, de Perón al siglo XXI (1943-2001)
Authors: Cuesta Eduardo Martín , Vence Conti Agustina
Published: April 2017

Desde la llegada del peronismo al poder en 1943, la segunda mitad del siglo XX fue testigo de la alternancia entre políticas económicas ortodoxas y heterodoxas. Este trabajo se apoya en la propuesta de que entre 1943 y 1975 existió un fuerte consenso en la sociedad civil y política acerca de los beneficios del mercadointernismo (políticas heterodoxas que privilegian la industrialización con base a la demanda interna), y que entre 1976 y 2001 el consenso privilegió la apertura económica (políticas ortodoxas, de liberación de la economía y apertura al mercado mundial). Siguiendo esta interpretación, se podría explicar el período siguiente (iniciado con la crisis de 2001) como mercado internista. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, tanto las políticas ortodoxas como las heterodoxas influyeron en el nivel de los salarios reales y, al mismo tiempo, implicaron modificaciones en los diferenciales por capacitación (Skill Premium).
First record of Turdus ignobilis Sclater, 1857 (Aves: Turdidae) in the Andes of Ecuador
Authors: Ordóñez-Delgado Leonardo , Orihuela-Torres Adrian , Reyes-Bueno Fabián , Rosado Daniel
Published: April 2017

We present the first record of the Black-billed Thrush (Turdus ignobilis) in Loja city, Ecuadorian Andes. The bird was recorded in August and September 2015 in Jipiro Park, north of the city, at an elevation of 2,074 m. This increases this species’ altitudinal range in Ecuador by at least 540 m. The presence of the Black-billed Thrush in Loja shows that the valley of the Zamora River allows some species to move from the eastern lowlands to this region of the country.
Tribological behavior of plastic composites and stainless steel in seawater
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Gao Dianrong
Published: April 2017

The tribological behaviors of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) against 9Cr18Mo, PTFE against glass fiber–epoxy resin (GFER), 316L against PTFE and polyamide 66 (PA66) against PTFE in natural seawater were evaluated in this study by using an MMU-5G friction and wear tester. The tribological test results show that the friction coefficients, seawater temperature and wear rates of the four friction pairs decrease in the following order: PTFE–9Cr18Mo > 316L–PTFE > PTFE–GFER > PA66–PTFE. The images from a confocal laser scanning microscope reveal the wear mechanisms of the four friction pairs during seawater lubrication. The results indicate that the worn surface of 9Cr18Mo exhibits corrosion together with scattered pitting, but the worn surface of 316L is smooth and uncorroded. The worn surface of PTFE for the friction pair of PTFE–GFER is smoother than the original surface. The counterface (GFER) is covered with several PTFE transfer films that help to decrease the friction coefficient and wear rate. During sliding, the friction pair of PA66–PTFE shows excellent wear behavior because the worn surface of PA66 is covered by the PTFE film. The PTFE wear rate significantly increases when the PTFE sliding against 9Cr18Mo occurs in seawater given the serious plastic deformation of PTFE when the surface temperature is increased.
‘Click’ polymer of carbon nanotubes for superhydrophobic glass and leather
Authors: Krishnamurthy Munusamy , Murugan Pachiyappan , Murali Adhigan , Jaisankar Sellamuthu Nagappan , Mandal Asit Baran , Samanta Debasis
Published: April 2017

Copper (I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azide–alkyne is called a ‘click’ reaction. It is an adaptable tool for preparing multifunctional materials. In this paper, the authors report click polymerization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with thiophene/aryl compounds and their electronic/spectroscopic properties and applications. The various spectroscopic and microscopic studies (Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet–visible) confirmed the success of the polymerization. The superhydrophobicity of the materials was studied by contact angle measurement. The FT-IR studies indicated the disappearance of azide residues in the polymeric products, and the Raman studies exhibited a high degree of covalent functionalization of SWCNTs. The XPS data show the presence of polymeric elements in the click copolymer of SWCNTs. Dynamic light scattering studies confirmed the broad size distribution of the materials. Moreover, the thermogravimetric analysis revealed the high thermal stability of the polymer. Finally, wettability measurements of leather and glass surfaces after coating with the copolymer of SWCNTs show high water contact angles of 155 and 163°, respectively. The results were well reproduced, and these superhydrophobic characteristics indicate the material’s efficiency for designing various superhydrophobic surfaces.
Constitutively Active SPAK Causes Hyperkalemia by Activating NCC and Remodeling Distal Tubules
Authors: Grimm P. Richard , Coleman Richard , Delpire Eric , Welling Paul A.
Published: April 2017

Aberrant activation of with no lysine (WNK) kinases causes familial hyperkalemic hypertension (FHHt). Thiazide diuretics treat the disease, fostering the view that hyperactivation of the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC) in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is solely responsible. However, aberrant signaling in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (ASDN) and inhibition of the potassium-excretory renal outer medullary potassium (ROMK) channel have also been implicated. To test these ideas, we introduced kinase-activating mutations after Lox-P sites in the mouse Stk39 gene, which encodes the terminal kinase in the WNK signaling pathway, Ste20-related proline-alanine–rich kinase (SPAK). Renal expression of the constitutively active (CA)-SPAK mutant was specifically targeted to the early DCT using a DCT-driven Cre recombinase. CA-SPAK mice displayed thiazide-treatable hypertension and hyperkalemia, concurrent with NCC hyperphosphorylation. However, thiazide-mediated inhibition of NCC and consequent restoration of sodium excretion did not immediately restore urinary potassium excretion in CA-SPAK mice. Notably, CA-SPAK mice exhibited ASDN remodeling, involving a reduction in connecting tubule mass and attenuation of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and ROMK expression and apical localization. Blocking hyperactive NCC in the DCT gradually restored ASDN structure and ENaC and ROMK expression, concurrent with the restoration of urinary potassium excretion. These findings verify that NCC hyperactivity underlies FHHt but also reveal that NCC-dependent changes in the driving force for potassium secretion are not sufficient to explain hyperkalemia. Instead, a DCT-ASDN coupling process controls potassium balance in health and becomes aberrantly activated in FHHt.
Laboratory Protocols for Serology and sequencing of Equine Influenza viruses v1
Authors: Khan Amjad , Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq not provided , Mansur Ud Din Ahmad not provided , Jawad Nazir not provided , Zahida Fatma not provided , Shahid Hussain Farooqi not provided , and Asghar Khan. not provided
Published: April 2017

The following Protocols were used to diagnose serologically and sequence the isolated equine influenza virus, in Pakista.
Description on the Change of Lightness and Moisture of Durian Seed during Drying
Authors: Nur Mukhamad Husain , Bintoro V. Priyo , Susanti Siti , Al-Baarri Ahmad Ni'matullah
Published: April 2017

Durian seed has receive huge attention from researcher in tropical country since the utilization of this seed is still questionable. However, the basic process is needed to provide beneficial information to all users for proper process in food industry This study was aimed at describing the basic parameters in drying: lightness and moisture content during drying. The durian seed was dried using drying oven at 50 and 55˚C and the lightness was measured using digital colour meter for Macintosh, in the other hand, the moisture content was analysed through calculation on the differences of weight prior to drying and after drying. All obtained data were analysed statistically using T-test. The results showed that the remarkable decrease in the lightness, from 54.07±1.79 to 49.09±4.10 and in moisture content of durian seed from 48.82±1,69 to 39.30±3.60 after the elevation on drying temperature was applied. This research showed that the elevation on drying temperature provide the significant differences on the lightness and moisture, therefore the temperature should be set properly to compose the maximum quality for final product of durian seed.
Evidence based literature review of clinical management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in real world settings
Authors: Choudhuri Gourdas , Gupta Varun
Published: April 2017

The aim of the present review is to understand the gap between real world clinical practices, guidelines recommendations and to propose minimum essentials that can be followed in clinical practice in NAFLD patients in India. A detailed literature search of published medical reports in English language was performed on electronic databases such as PubMed and Cochrane, from 2000 to 2016 using relevant search terms. The search yielded 25 relevant articles whose full texts were retrieved and evaluated. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging cause of liver disease in India. It is observed that physicians under appreciate the overlap between NAFLD and metabolic risk factors, thus missing a significant proportion of high-risk NAFLD patients. Lifestyle intervention is generally considered the first line therapy for patients with NAFLD without steatohepatitis while pharmacotherapy (in addition to lifestyle intervention) is suggested for patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Current therapies are directed towards improving the metabolic parameters which contribute to disease pathogenesis. Pharmacological therapies for NAFLD and NASH include antioxidants such as vitamin E and ursodeoxycholic acid; insulin sensitizers such as metformin and thiazolidinones, weight loss drugs like orlistat and consideration of bariatric surgery for morbidly obese patients. High degree of suspicion is necessary for diagnosing NAFLD in patients with metabolic risk factors. Further studies are required from India as genotype/clinico-pathological profile of Indian NAFLD patients differ from the western population. Further, prospective studies will fill the various missing links associated with management of NAFLD in Indian patients in a more effective manner.
Effect of metformin on ECG, HR and BP of rats administered with cardiotoxic agent doxorubicin
Authors: Emeka Promise Madu , Al-Ahmed Anas
Published: April 2017

Background: Cardiovascular complications during drug therapy is worrisome and has been known to increase morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of metformin on BP, HR, and ECG, after subacute administration of doxorubicin in rats.Methods: Laboratory acclimatised animals were divided into 4 experimental groups consisting of group I as the control, given 0.5ml normal saline. Group II, received 3mg/kg doxorubicin on alternate days, while group III was given 300mg/kg metformin. The last group of animals were treated with 300mg/kg metformin, 30 min later, the animals were injected doxorubicin ip. The treatment lasted for 15 days thereafter, ECG, HR and BP were measured with anaesthesia.Results: Result showed that doxorubicin induced ECG changes in terms of increased PR and QT intervals significantly. Whereas, QRS and RR intervals were at same time significantly decreased. Metformin was observed to significantly attenuate these changes. In addition, metformin restored decreases in HR that was caused by doxorubicin in a significant fashion. However, metformin alone produced a decrease in HR compared with control. The observed reduced SBP and DBP produced by doxorubicin were also alleviated by the administration of metformin. There were increases in BP parameters measured in normotensive rats with metformin alone.Conclusions: In conclusion, metformin was found to attenuate doxorubicin-induced alteration in ECG pattern and restored the mechanical and physiological functions of the rat heart. Our data further suggests monitoring of CVS changes such as ECG particularly with drugs known to cause myocardial injury.
Antidepressants-a possibly risk factor for cataract development: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Raj Rajnish , Raj Anuradha , Garg Rohit
Published: April 2017

Background: Few studies have reported the role of antidepressants as cataractogenic in humans.Methods: It’s a hospital based descriptive, cross-sectional study. 45 Patients were screened for antidepressant use and diminution of vision, 6 were dropped out. 39 patients with 78 eyes were finally enrolled. They were divided into two goups i.e., Group-I, with cataract (N=53) and Group-II, without cataract (N=25). Three clusters of antidepressants were assessed e.g., SSRI, SNRI and TCA with therapeutic dose (TD) and non-therapeutic dose (NTD) range. Psychiatric illness was diagnosed on DSM-5 and severity of depression on HAM-D. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was converted from Snellen units to logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (log MAR) for statistical analysis. Cataract changes in eyes were seen on slit-lamp and classified on Lens opacities classification system-III (LOCS-III) criteria.Results: A total 78 eyes of thirty-nine (39) patients were evaluated. Thirty (38.46%) and forty-eight (61.53%) eyes belonged to males and females, respectively. Mean age of males (n=7) was 41.8±2.3 years and females (n=32) 40.2±1.0 years. In Group-I, out of (N=53) eyes that developed cataract 33 were females (62.26%) as compared to males 20 (37.7%). Group -II, out of (N=25) eyes, females without cataract were 15 (60%) as compared to males 10 (40%).  Therapeutic dose (TD) of antidepressants (AD) in Group-I had more cataract 37 (69.81%) as compared to non-therapeutic dose (NTD) 16 (30.1%). Most of the eyes with cataract 35 (66.03%) had AD exposure of more than 1 year that was possibly associated with increased risk of cataract development (OR 2.10; 95% CI, 0.79-5.55). Amongst users of antidepressants, SSRI was associated with increased risk of cataract development (OR 2.4; 95% CI, 0.72–7.94) with a female preponderance (OR 1.1; 95% CI, 0.41–2.91). Maximum number of eyes 34 (64.15%) that developed cataract had BCVA of ≥6/12 and minimum of 2 (3.77%) eyes had BCVA of ≤6/36. LOCS-III revealed 38 (71.69%) eyes (71.69%) having peripheral cortical cataract and 15 (28.30%) posterior sub-capsular cataract.Conclusions: There is a possible risk of association of cataract amongst user of antidepressants. The AD use of more than 1 year or longer had increased risk for development of cataract with a female preponderance. The highest risk was observed in the users of SSRI as compared to SNRI and TCA. Treatment exposure with antidepressant was longer for mild depression having more than two episodes.
A comparative study of benzalkonium chloride-free latanoprost versus benzalkonium chloride-preserved latanoprost on ocular surface health in patients of primary open angle glaucoma
Authors: Chhabra Hema , Gupta Anita , Singh Gursatinder
Published: April 2017

Background: Prolonged use of anti-glaucoma therapy leads to development of ocular surface disease (OSD). The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of Benzalkonium chloride (BKC)-free latanoprost and Benzalkonium chloride (BKC)-preserved latanoprost on ocular surface health in patients of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods: This was a prospective, open-label, randomized, interventional, switch trial. 30 established cases of POAG who were already on BKC-preserved latanoprost for atleast more than three months were enrolled. Their Schirmer test and Tear film break-up time (TBUT) were recorded at the baseline. They were required to answer an ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire from which an OSDI score was calculated. They were switched to BKC-free latanoprost for another three months. On their follow-up visit at 6 weeks and 12 weeks, Schirmer test and Tear film break up time were performed again and OSDI score was calculated.Results: Schirmer test increased from 6.73±3.77 mm at baseline to 9.53±3.67 mm at 6 weeks and 11.97±3.53 mm at 12 weeks (p=0.001). Mean TBUT improved significantly from 6.77±3.82 seconds at baseline to 8.63±3.91 seconds at 6 weeks to 10.47±3.76 seconds at 12 weeks (p=0.001). OSDI score decreased from 31.55±23.32 at baseline to 23.42±21.93 at 6 weeks to 15.82±20.10 at 12 weeks (p=0.001).Conclusions: BKC-free latanoprost led to improvement in tear film status or ocular surface health of glaucoma patients as compared to BKC-preserved latanoprost.
Factors influencing the knowledge and attitude of nurses towards adverse drug reaction reporting in a teaching hospital
Authors: Ahsan Marya , Mallick Ayaz K.
Published: April 2017

Background: Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) are common in hospitalized patients. Nursing staff spends most time in patient care placing them at a key it position to recognize ADRs at the earliest. However, ADR reporting practices among nurses is very poor. We conducted this study to identify the factors affecting knowledge and attitude of nurses in a teaching hospital towards ADR reporting.Methods: A pre-tested and validated questionnaire was used. Correct responses in the knowledge section were awarded one mark and incorrect responses were given zero. Based on responses to attitude questions on a 5-point Likert scale, best attitude was scored five and least preferred attitude was given one point. Total knowledge and attitude scores were analyzed with regards to age, gender, educational qualification, average weekly working hours, total working experience in years and past experience with ADRs and ADR reporting. Knowledge scores were also correlated with attitude scores.Results: Knowledge level was poor with 48.29±23.85% average score while attitude of the respondents was reasonable with 65.69±10.05% average scores. The knowledge scores and attitude scores of BSc degree holders was higher than GNMs and ANMs (p<0.001). Those who had independently identified an ADR had higher knowledge scores (p<0.01) and more positive attitude (p<0.001). Attitude scores also had a significantly strong correlation with knowledge level of the respondents (r=0.72).Conclusions: Knowledge about ADR reporting is the most important factor determining the attitude towards ADR reporting. Increasing awareness would be pivotal in changing attitude and thus, improving reporting rates.
Herpes zoster as a presentation of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Verma Vivek Kumar , Ram Vidya Sagar , Singh Prem Shanker , Kumar Manoj , Awasthi Sankalp , Kela Dheeraj
Published: April 2017

Background: Herpes zoster (HZ) occurs due to reactivation of latent Varicella zoster virus infection and affects in dermatomal pattern. HZ affects elderly and immunocompromised population. Some earlier studies shows that HZ is common in diabetes patients. Our aim was to find out incidence of diabetes mellitus in patients with HZ.Methods: Study was done on newly diagnosed HZ patients attending out door of UPUMS Saifai. Inclusion criteria include newly diagnosed case of HZ without previous history of diabetes. Patients with known immunocompromised state like HIV infection, corticosteroid therapy, chemotherapy, neoplastic disease etc were excluded. Fasting, post-prandial blood sugar and HbA1C of all patients done.Results: 22.54% patients with HZ had diabetes and 7.75% patients had impaired glucose tolerance at presentation. Undiagnosed diabetes is common in HZ patients.Conclusions: Our study indicates that incidence of undiagnosed diabetes is high among HZ patients and hence routine screening for diabetes should be done in all HZ patients.