bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strength and Crack Propagation Analysis of Layered Backfill Based on Energy Theory
Authors: Cai Faxiong , Sun Wei , Zhang Shengyou , Zhu Ailun , Ding Fanyu , Zhang Panke , Wen Yao , Wang Shaoyong , Xiao Yingkui
Published: June 2024

The strength of backfill is greatly influenced by its inclination angle and interlayer concentration. In order to study the influence of inclination angle and interlayer mass concentration on the strength of backfill, a group of layered cemented backfill with cement-sand ratio of 1:4, interlayer mass concentration of 66%, 67% and 68% and inclination angles of 0°, 10°, 20° and 30° were prepared by using tailings as aggregate. The uniaxial compression test was carried out to analyse the effect of interlayer mass concentration and inclination angle on layered cemented backfill. The crack propagation and energy change law of the specimen during compression were analysed by J-integral and energy conservation law. The relationship between the crack initiation and propagation and strain energy of two representative three-layer backfill specimens was analysed by numerical modelling. The results show that the increase in the layer number and the inclination angle of the backfill can weaken the strength of the backfill. In a certain range of inclination angles, the weakening coefficient of the backfill caused by the inclination angle is very consistent with the cosine value of the corresponding angle. Due to the release of crack energy and the existence of interface J integral, the uniaxial compressive strength of different mass concentration backfill is different at various positions. When the displacement reaches a certain value, the crack and strain energy no longer increase.
Toxicological, biological, and biochemical impacts of the egyptian lavender (Lavandula multifida L.) essential oil on two lepidopteran pests
Authors: Awad Mona , Moustafa Moataz A.M. , Alfuhaid Nawal Abdulaziz , Amer Alia , Ahmed Fatma S.
Published: June 2024

The use of essential oils as an eco-friendly tool in pest management stems from their natural origin and the presence of bioactive compounds that exhibit pesticidal properties, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic chemical pesticides. This study explores the toxicity of Lavandula multifida (lavender) essential oil (EO), as a botanical pesticide against two widespread and destructive Noctuidae pests, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) and Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel). GC-MS was employed to characterize 23 compounds in the EO, with 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (eucalyptol) (39.84%), being the primary component. The leaf dipping technique was utilized to assess the toxicity of the EO to both insects. At 96 hours post-treatment, the LC50 of lavender EO to S. littoralis and A. ipsilon larvae were 2.350 and 2.991 mg · ml–1, respectively. Concerning its biological effect, both concentrations of the EO (LC15 and LC50) significantly shortened the duration of the larval (to 15.24 and 14.23 days) and pupal (to 11.19 and 10.55 days) stages of S. littoralis. Biochemical assays revealed that the LC50 of lavender EO significantly inhibited α-esterase activity in S. littoralis at 72- and 96 hours post-treatment (0.031 and 0.063 mmol · min–1 · mg–1), and A. ipsilon at 96 hours post-treatment (0.129 mmol · min–1 · mg–1 protein). Given its significant toxicological, biological, and biochemical effects on S. littoralis, it is suggested that lavender EO could be considered for use in integrated pest management strategies while ensuring its safe application to protect non-target organisms.
Potential molluscicidal activity of the aqueous extracts of some plants and their powders against terrestrial snail Monacha obstructa (L. Pfeiffer, 1842) under laboratory and field conditions
Authors: Abo-Elwfa Mohamed M. , Omar Mahmoud M.A. , El-Shamy Emad A. , Ibrahim Hesham A.M.
Published: June 2024

As it is known that the excessive use of pesticides causes many environmental problems, the effects of four aqueous plant extracts and their powders [Solanum nigrum L., Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Salix mucronata Thunb. and Lawsonia inermis L.] were evaluated as natural molluscicides on the land snail Monacha obstructa (Family: Hygromiidae) under laboratory conditions. Three different bioassay methods were used: contact, leaf-dipping and bait techniques. The results indicated that, using all methods, S. Nigrum extract was the most toxic extract for the terrestrial snail M. obstructa. The contact technique of the tested plant extracts was the most effective method of application compared to other methods. Moreover, using plant extracts was better than using powders of these plants for controlling the terrestrial snail M. obstructa. In addition, the results indicated that the aqueous extract of S. nigrum gave the highest percentage of reduction in the snail population when assessed under field conditions. The obtained data showed that plant extracts were significantly effective against the terrestrial snail and could be used as alternatives to pesticides in integrated pest management.
Pemberdayaan masyarakat pembudidaya ikan lele di Gampong Hagu Teungoh dengan teknik pemijahan secara induksi untuk menghasilkan stok benih unggul [Empowering the catfish breaking community in Hagu Teungoh Village using inductional spawning techniques to produce superior seed stock]
Authors: Mahdaliana Mahdaliana , Salamah Salamah , Hartami Prama , Rusydi Rachmawati , Muktitama Asih Makarti , Kamil Ade Ikhsan
Published: June 2024

Hagu Teungoh Village is one of the villages located on the coast of Lhokseumawe City which has good potential in the field of fisheries. One of the business units that can support the economy of the people in this region is catfish farming. Therefore, it is necessary to empower catfish farmers so that the community knows modern spawning techniques which can later increase production which has an impact on community income. The purpose of this community empowerment program is to apply innovations to the community, especially catfish farmers in induction spawning activities, natural and artificial hatcheries, and enlargement. This community empowerment service activity is carried out by providing counseling and training related to induced catfish spawning techniques to produce superior seed stock. The approach method used is directly by providing information and practicing new innovative techniques directly. The results of the activity showed that the participants' knowledge level increased after attending counseling and training on hormonal catfish spawning techniques. 98.88% of participants knew the process of stripping catfish broodstock and caring for catfish fry, and 100% of participants knew the types of hormones and doses used for spawning. This counseling activity has a positive impact in overcoming the problems faced by catfish farmers. In conclusion, based on the survey results, the percentage of catfish farmers in Hagu Teungoh Village who know the techniques of hormonal fish spawning has increased dramatically.
Study of teleconnection between hydrological variables and climatological variables in a headwater basin of the Maipo River for forecast model application
Authors:   Departamento de Obras Civiles, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Santiago, Chile, Montalva Javiera , Ossandón Álvaro ,   Departamento de Obras Civiles, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile, Castro Lina ,   Departamento de Obras Civiles, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Santiago, Chile
Published: June 2024

This study conducts a teleconnection analysis of the seasonal streamflow during the dry season (winter and summer) at the Olivares River basin, a headwater of the Maipo River basin, with traditional climate indices (Antarctic Oscillation, Niño1+2, and Niño3.4), new indices obtained from sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly spatial fields, and in situ hydrometeorological variables from the previous season to identify potential predictors for implementing seasonal streamflow forecast models in the study area. To illustrate the potential of the predictors identified, we fit multiple linear regression models (MLRM) for seasonal streamflow forecast for 0- and 3-month lead times. The forecasts are validated using the leave-1-year-out cross-validation (LOOCV) approach and performance metrics such as the Pearson correlation coefficient (R), BIAS, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and continuous rank probability skill score (CRPSS). Results show a good performance of the forecast model for cross-validation with R and NSE values ranging from 0.55 to 0.95 and from 0.28 to 0.88 for 0- and 3-month lead times during the dry season. This early implementation provides good perspectives for implementing probabilistic seasonal streamflow forecasting models, which can provide a powerful output to develop robust water management strategies to tackle water scarcity in the study area.
Performance Test Smoked Tool Fish Which Effective, Hygienic, and Eco-Friendly
Authors: Joesidawati Marita Ika , Suwarsih  , Nuruddin Abdul Wahid , Sriwulan
Published: June 2024

Objective: This research determines the results of the Smoked tool fish which effective, hygienic, and eco-friendly performance test carried out by organoleptic observation of the level of liking (favorite test).
 
Method: This research uses an experimental method by making and testing a smoking device. The data obtained was analyzed descriptively. This research was divided into two stages of activities, namely: making smoking equipment and testing the performance of the equipment.
 
Results and Discussion: Test results show that the temperature and humidity in the smoking room tend to differ between each shelf, forming almost the same pattern. The closed design of the tool causes the production and distribution of smoke to be more even. The remaining fuel produced during 3 hours of combustion reaches 50% and can still be used for another 5-6 hours. The water content of smoked fish (Tongko Fish) according to SNI is 60%. The average organoleptic test is above 3 (like) and the volume of liquid smoke is 50 ml during the 3 hour smoking process.
 
Research Implications: The research results show that the Smoked tool fish which effective, hygienic, and eco-friendly can increase the production of smoked fish and reduce environmental pollution from the smoke produced. This shows that smoked fish products using Smoked tool fish which effective, hygienic, and eco-friendly have water content according to the standards determined by SNI.
 
Originality/Value: This research contributes to the understanding of the "Smoked tool fish which effective, hygienic, and eco-friendly", which is an innovative technology that has better smoking performance compared to traditional fish smoking tools used in Tuban Regency.
Sustainability and Covid-19 Pandemic: The Implications of Social Isolation on The Environment
Authors: Pacheco Clecia Simone Gonçalves Rosa , Santos Reinaldo Pacheco dos , Oliveira Maira Danuse Santos de , Araújo Nícolas Matheus da Fonseca Tinoco de Souza , Mezzomo Agnaldo Luiz , Leite Michael Douglas Sousa , Sguizardi Juliano , Reis Nilmar Diogo dos , Cavalcante Jéssica Beatriz Pachêco , Sousa Pedro Felipe Araújo Alves de , Noskoski Luís Eduardo Carvalho
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this research was to analyze the environmental impacts of social isolation from the COVID-19 pandemic.
 
Methodology: An integrative review was carried out, using databases from Google Academic and Scielo, with specific inclusion criteria for selecting scientific articles. Only scientific articles in Portuguese, Brazilians, associated with the central theme of research and published between 2020 and 2023 were selected. The data was analyzed in two stages: reading abstracts and titles, followed by a complete reading of the selected articles.
 
Results and Data Analysis: Four scientific articles were selected that addressed the impacts of social isolation in the pandemic on the environment. The identified studies reported a significant reduction in air and noise pollution, as well as minor impacts on aquatic pollution during the quarantine period. The decrease in human activities was associated with a fall in pollutant emissions, bringing benefits to air quality and public health. However, the transitional nature of these benefits has been highlighted, highlighting the need to rethink consumption and production practices to ensure environmental sustainability.
 
Conclusions: The conclusions highlight the need for effective structural measures to control pollution and promote sustainable habits to ensure lasting environmental benefits in the post-pandemic.
Successful Surfing in Capital Market: Phenomenological Study of Indonesian “Warren Buffett”
Authors: Denie Jo , Surachman  , Indrawati Nur Khusniyah , Rahayu Mintarti
Published: June 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to uncover the successful secrets of a No. 1 individual investor on the Indonesian stock exchange who has proven to earn huge amounts of profits.
 
Theoretical Framework: Some theories related to investor behavior theory, among others, are: Regret Theory, this theory is a development of previous decision-making theories, namely prospect theory and expected usability theory.
 
Method: This research explores the philosophy, behavior, strategies, techniques, and ways to find stocks that can provide great returns based on the experience of an individual investor. This research also examines in depth the experience of a famous investor named Lo Kheng Hong (LKH), known as Warren Buffett of Indonesia.
 
Results and Discussion: The results showed that the factors that support the success of LKH in investing in the IDX can be: (1) reading the company's financial statements; (2) analyzing financial data; considering the integrity of its owners and management; (3) investing by buying shares on the IDX; (4) daring to make decisions to buy shares based on their own analysis; (5) patiently waiting; (6) simple to live their lives and frugal.
 
Research Implications: One of the secrets of success, the strategy in finding stocks that provide big profits is to read and look at financial statements, analyze deeply using simple fundamental analysis, look for stocks that are undervalued.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to literatures regarding how to be successful investor in stock market.
Exploring the Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous Learning, and Skills Required for Success in The 21st Century
Authors: Lengua-Cantero Claudia , Caro-Piñeres Manuel , Pérez Jairo Montero
Published: June 2024

Objective: The topic of this study focuses on how autonomous learning enhances 21st century competencies through the use of artificial intelligence and educational technologies. The objective is to explore the relationship between autonomous learning, artificial intelligence and 21st century competencies.
 
Theoretical Framework: The main concepts and theories underpinning the research were: artificial intelligence in education, autonomous learning and 21st century skills.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research was a systematic mapping of 991 scientific articles published in the last ten years in three databases
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that artificial intelligence is still in its infancy in the use of data and machine learning systems, until its impact on society as a whole is better understood. Likewise, critical thinking, collaborative work and problem solving are the competencies that show a strong relationship with both autonomous learning and artificial intelligence.
 
Research implications: the main fields of study were: self-regulated learning, 21st century competencies and their relationship with artificial intelligence. The impact could be seen in the educational, economic, environmental and social sectors.
Developing Agile Leadership with State Defense Character in Indonesia
Authors: Dwiridotjahjono Jojok , Yuhertiana Indrawati , Partoyo  , Tannar Oryza , Wijaya Satria Yudha , Wibawani Sri
Published: June 2024

Introduction: An issue has arisen concerning the leadership style in the context of the disruptive era. Agile leadership has been widely acknowledged as an effective approach during times of crisis.
 
Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of state defensive character as a moderating variable on the relationship between induction training and agile leadership in the context of higher education.
 
Methodology: The data for this study were obtained through a survey conducted at three institutions in Indonesia that share a common vision. These universities are situated in the cities of Jakarta, Yogyakarta, and Surabaya. A total of 190 respondents participated in the survey. Four possibilities were tested. 
 
Result and Discussion: The findings indicate that the impact of induction training on agile leadership is not direct, but rather influenced by the moderating factor of state defensive character. The findings of this study have demonstrated that the state defensive character plays a significant role in shaping agile leadership. In an era characterized by volatility, leaders are faced with the imperative to enact changes swiftly. In this context, it becomes essential for state defense character training to play a pivotal role in shaping the character of combatants. This research highlights the originality of this approach.  The research findings suggest that the achievement of organizational resilience can be facilitated by the adoption of agile leadership, which plays a crucial role in safeguarding the organization during periods of crisis.
Nexus Between Oil, Gold Price and Dxy Index on Indonesian Stock Market During Geopolitical Events (2022 – 2024)
Authors: Denie Jo , Surachman  , Indrawati Nur Khusniyah , Rahayu Mintarti
Published: June 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to observe the impact of oil, gold, and the DXY index on the Indonesian stock market during geopolitical events in 2022-2024.
 
Theoretical Framework: Rising political tensions also have a major impact on global currencies, financial market and commodity market. This event lead to uncertainty which increasing the investment risk. Hence, geopolitical events could affect stock return in capital market.
 
Method: The data used consists of daily Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) closing data, WTI daily closing prices, gold daily closing prices, and DXY closing data from 24 February 2022 – 31 December 2022 and 14 April 2024 – 30 April 2024. Data obtained form Bloomberg. The analysis technique used was GARCH (1.1).
 
Results and Discussion: The results showed that WTI oil price changes had significant positive effects on stock return in Indonesia. However, gold price changes had insignificant positive effects on stock returns in Indonesia during geopolitical events, while the DXY Index had insignificant, negative effects.
 
Research Implications: Investors and traders in Indonesia Stock Exchange should consider oil price changes for investing in stocks during geopolitical events.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to literatures regarding the stock market turbulence during geopolitical events and its effect toward stock return. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by the insignificanct effect of gold and DXY toward stock return, while WTI has significant effect toward stock return.
Melawi Regency Economic Pillar: Building from Tradition to Innovation
Authors: Putra Windhu , Jumhur  , Rosyadi  , Panggabean Meiran
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The design of the industrialization planning pattern in Melawi Regency aims to build a strong foundation for sustainable economic growth through a series of integrated analyses. This includes analyzing the strengths of the sectors that support the local economy, identifying the industrial sectors with the greatest potential to develop the Melawi Regency economy, and evaluating industrial products that could be developed to maximize their positive impact on the economy. These objectives are designed to produce strategies that not only increase the production and competitive capacity of local industries but also ensure that growth is inclusive and provides broad benefits to the people of Melawi.
 
Method/design/approach: This study analyzes Melawi Regency's industrial sub-sectors using Location Quotient and Shift Share Analysis to identify specialization and assess performance. It highlights growth areas, sectoral linkages, and comparative advantages for strategic development and policy guidance.
 
Results and conclusion: This research shows that Melawi Regency has significant potential in the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sectors, as well as the processing industry. Rubber and palm oil were identified as superior products. Development efforts should focus on increasing added value through product diversification and infrastructure upgrades. Development gaps between regions need to be addressed to improve national welfare and stability. The analysis suggests the integration of development strategies that harness local potential and strengthen key economic sectors for long-term growth.
 
Originality/value: This research comprehensively analyzes the potential of the industrial sector in Melawi District, focusing on the identification of regional superior products and the development of strategic plans integrated with national policies and local needs. The value of this research includes providing insights for strategic decision-making in local economic development, increasing production capacity and economic diversification, and strengthening cooperation between sectors to support inclusive and environmentally friendly economic growth.
Analysis of the Influence of Historical-Cultural Value Buildings On Urban Formation: Case Study In Crissiumal/RS
Authors: Bertaluci Gabriela Luiza Leismann , Neckel Alcindo , Silva Thaísa Leal da
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the urban insertion of the first buildings of historical and cultural value in the city of Crissiumal, located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), in order to understand how they influenced the urban configuration of the municipality.
 
Theoretical Framework: It is based on the proposal presented in the Inventory of Urban Space Configurations – INCEU.
 
Method: Initially, the first buildings constructed in the municipality were identified and, soon after, the urban insertion of these buildings and their influences in relation to the formation of the urban fabric were analyzed.
 
Results and Discussion: The result is an analysis of maps in relation to macro-parcelling, through the relationship between full and empty. From the analyzes carried out and the maps created, it was possible to see that the buildings located in the immediate surroundings of Praça 25 de Julho had an influence on the urbanization and formation of the city. These buildings housed important places for society, such as City Hall, Church, Schools and Commerce. In this way, a large part of the new residences were built close to these locations, and the city expanded from this area.
 
Implications of the Research: The results provide information that can contribute to urbanization and urban expansion projects, as well as assist in the identification, appreciation and preservation of historic buildings.
 
Originality/Value: This research can contribute to future studies regarding the history of the city of Crissiumal and its urban formation, also proving to be relevant because it can assist in the processes of urbanization and urban expansion.
Support training in algorithmization using GeoGebra tools
Authors: Ferdiánová Věra , Bukovský Marek , Poruba Jakub
Published: June 2024

Digital competences are a theme that resonates throughout the education system and is currently being emphasised. One of its goals is to increase the implementation of computer science in education. It is therefore not just about computing subjects, but about using digital competences as a cross-curricular theme across all subjects (NPI, 2021). The teaching of mathematics directly lends itself to the use of computer science in the teaching of geometry or statistics through the various use of quizzes, other interactive materials or detailed instructional videos. In mathematics, GeoGebra software is widely used not only for teaching geometry, but also as an excellent visualization and logic tool across all mathematical domains. GeoGebra allows you to create custom tools that work on the principle of a compiled algorithm and are primarily used in the context of solving design problems. The aim of this paper is to show how this tool can be used as a motivator of students’ algorithmic thinking, and also to introduce it as a useful tool in the creation of interactive materials in the teaching of planimetry. The paper will also introduce parts of planimetric geometry that can be algorithmized to create a new tool within the GeoGebra software. The second part has already been implemented in the thesis of our student Marek Bukovsky (2023), who created tools that were subsequently used in the solution of planimetric problems.
Artificial intelligence in the teacher’s work
Authors: Nodzyńska-Moroń Małgorzata
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence has many applications in the field of education and can bring many benefits to students and teachers. Thanks to AI, it is possible to personalize teaching - you can create personalized learning environments tailored to the individual needs and learning style of students. AI systems can analyze data and deliver personalized content, assignments, and grades. Smart tutorials can be created. AI systems can identify areas of student difficulty, deliver interactive learning materials, and offer customized exercises to help students understand the material better. AI can automate the process of grading papers and tests. Using natural language analysis and machine learning techniques, AI systems can evaluate student responses, providing quick and objective feedback. AI can provide individual support to students, regardless of their location. Through online technologies and AI systems, students can access learning resources, tutoring, and support materials that are tailored to their needs. AI can help analyze large amounts of data, such as test scores, student behavior, and demographics. Educators can use this information to identify trends, adjust curriculum, and make data-driven decisions. AI can provide teachers with tools and data that help them make decisions about curriculum, choice of educational materials or teaching strategies. The article discusses examples of specific solutions for the use of AI by the teacher in chemistry lessons.
Formative assessment supported by the “Digilib” digital library
Authors: Sotáková Ivana , Ganajová Mária , Čtrnáctová Hana
Published: June 2024

Within the VEGA No. 1/0265/17 and KEGA No. 004UPJŠ-4/2020 research projects, databases of formative assessment (FA) tools addressing the selected topics taught in the 2nd stage primary school science, mathematics, and informatics have been created. The FA tools that we have developed are available in the “Digilib” digital library hosted on the server https://digilib.fri.uniza.sk/ equipped with an SSL certificate. Digilib allows for the creation and storing of FA tools (forms) such as the self-assessment card, prediction card, or Frayer model, which can be assigned to students thus providing both them and teachers with real-time feedback. Currently, 8 primary schools, 16 teachers, and 46 classes (grades 5 to 9) with a total of 846 students are registered in the digital library. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect teachers’ and students’ opinions on the digital library. The analysis of their answers showed numerous advantages for both teachers and students, e.g., easy and simple interface, quick feedback about students’ current state of knowledge, automated creation of complex overviews of students’ answers and their archiving. The feedback supplied helps students develop objective self-assessment, fill in the gaps, and modify their misconceptions in learning
POLICY AND LINGUISTIC CONSIDERATIONS IN THE PROPOSED RENAMING OF WEST JAVA PROVINCE TO TATAR SUNDA
Authors: Sarip Sarip , Fitriana Diana , Azhari Aidul Fitriciada , Absori Absori , Dewi Elya Kusuma , Adiantika Hanif Nurcholish , Nurkhaeriyah Nurkhaeriyah
Published: June 2024

This legal study investigates the implications of the proposed renaming of West Java Province to Tatar Sunda Province, employing the approach of intuitive semantic dualism to address issues of language, territory, ethnicity, and national identity. The research draws on data from academic journals, books, media reports, and interviews, comparing secondary data with field opinions on the languages and bordering regions of the Sundanese dialect. The findings reveal that, although the Sundanese linguistic system was expected to play a crucial role in the renaming process and promote territorial unity, it falls short due to the inclusion of regions such as Banten, pre-independence Batavia, and bilingual border areas in the east and north. This geographic and linguistic complexity means that the name "Tatar Sunda" does not accurately reflect the distinct linguistic, cultural, and territorial identities of the Sundanese people as described by J. van Baal. Legally, while there are no barriers to the renaming policy, the proposed name fails to adequately represent the region's diverse identities. Consequently, the study recommends further exploration of more representative alternatives that align with the existing legal framework, ensuring that the name change is not only legally valid but also appropriately reflects the region's identity.
Research on Anti-Rollover Adaptive Landing Gear Technology Based on Impedance Control
Authors: Qi Hao , Chen Zi-Chao , Peng Yi-Ming , Nie Hong , Wei Xiao-Hui , Li Qing-Yang
Published: June 2024

During the Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) of a rotorcraft, there is a high risk of instability and safety incidents due to the possibility of one side of the landing gear making initial contact with the ground, particularly under extreme environmental conditions and maneuvers. Furthermore, the varied performance of adaptive landing gear necessitates a landing control approach that specifically targets both sides of the adaptive landing gear. This study proposes a method that regulates the landing gear first touchdown side through an impedance controller to guarantee the stability of the rotorcraft and then tilts the landing gear toward the rear landing leg side, followed by a soft and smooth landing through the rear landing leg. This approach accomplishes steady adaptive VTOL of the rotorcraft. The fall vibration test results demonstrate that the adaptive landing gear system with impedance control has excellent adaptive landing functionality, which can handle not only landing on uneven ground at various points but also cope with different ascent rates and ground friction during stable takeoff/landing.
More General Wall Pressure Spectra Models: Combining Feature Engineering with Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Shubham Shubham , Sandberg Richard D. , Kushari Abhijit
Published: June 2024

This paper presents an improved mathematical expression for semi-empirical wall pressure spectra modeling based on gene expression programming (GEP). The main focus of this work is to obtain a model that applies to a wide range of cases in terms of parameters and the source of data. The dataset comprises flat plate and airfoil cases with adverse and favorable pressure gradients at various Reynolds numbers. First, a characterization of the dataset is performed to understand the low-dimensional distribution of parameters. Then, a feature importance study is conducted to choose the most suitable model input variables from the exhaustive list of nondimensional parameters. The GEP algorithm is modified to ensure that trained models adhere to the basic structure of previously published semi-empirical models. Following training on the diverse database, the new model is compared against existing, best-performing empirical models to quantify the performance improvements. The models are tested on cases with completely different configurations and parameter ranges, unseen during training, and maintain their superior performance. Finally, a comparison is made between models developed with GEP and neural networks in terms of their efficacy, complexity, and interpretability.
Present and Future of Environmental Law in Cuba
Authors: Cánovas González Daimar
Published: June 2024

The environmental legal framework in Cuba is based on constitutional article 75 and Law 81, of July 11, 1997, on the environment, a framework law on the matter, with a series of complementary provisions with the rank of Decree Law or Ministerial Resolution. The adoption of the new constitutional text in 2019 is followed by the updating of all environmental legislation that requires a new framework law, which fills the gaps in the current one and leads to more effective environmental management. The paper addresses some of the areas in which significant changes have occurred or should occur. In particular, it refers to the changes introduced by the approval of the new Natural Resources and Environment System Law, adopted by the National Assembly of People's Power in May 2022. In this sense, an assessment of the behavior of the different existing environmental management instruments in the country, assessing the changes that must occur in their implementation.
The Waiting Game: Who Benefits from Recovered Assets Associated with Venezuelan State Corruption? Remission as a Solution
Authors: Vanzetti Alejandro Rodriguez
Published: June 2024

The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (“Venezuela”) has, and continues to undergo, significant political and economic challenges stemming from government corruption. In response, the United States government has seized assets of current or former Venezuelan state officials associated with criminal wrongdoing, imposed sanctions on Nicolas Maduro’s government, and proposed legislation to combat corruption. The Department of Justice (“DOJ”) has led dozens of prosecutions against those responsible for these crimes through its use of asset forfeiture, a critical tool in the recovery of illicit proceeds. An estimated $300 billion of these assets are held in South Florida alone, with $1.5 billion identified in U.S. court filings. The U.S. government has freed up assets on a very limited basis for emergency use by the U.S.-recognized opposition government. This begs a few questions: will these assets be returned to victims of corruption, and, if so, when, to whom, and how? To remedy this dilemma, the U.S. government should open the door to reviewing petitions for remission: a DOJ-led mechanism used to compensate victims that experienced a pecuniary loss as a result of a crime underlying forfeiture. This process, which is authorized under the forfeiture statutes and other regulations, has proven to be successful when compensating victims in large, multi-victim, white-collar crime cases. However, the review and approval of remission applications lies solely in the hands of the DOJ, with no possibility for judicial review. Still, victims that can meet the intricate requirements of remission have a chance at compensation for their financial losses. Through this process, the DOJ’s Asset Forfeiture Program can accomplish one of its primary goals in support of those affected by Venezuelan-state corruption: recover and return forfeited assets to victims.
Church Unity or Ecumenism: The Perspective of the United Congregational Church of Southern Africa 1967–2022
Authors: Maseko Xolani
Published: June 2024

Right-wing politics is re-emerging all over the world, challenging the church to defy this trend and be true to her nature of oneness and Catholicism. This brings to the fore the question of unity and the ecumenical spirit. It is from this understanding that this article, which is an exercise in contemporary church history, seeks to contribute to the Reformed Church scholarship in the face of the current context of mission. The United Congregational Church of Southern Africa (UCCSA), as part of Reformed Churches, has a rich history of union. This discussion stems from the hermeneutical considerations of the reformed understanding of church unity, and particular focus is given to the UCCSA’s understanding of unity and ecumenism. After articulating what ought to be happening, the article delves into the historical considerations of the UCCSA and Church unity.
Isolated Fracture of the Greater Tuberosity
Authors: Kirkham Casey A. , Rawat Mohini
Published: June 2024

A 59-year-old woman sought care from a chiropractor for shoulder pain after she tripped and fell twice within a week. Having had minimal improvement over 3 weeks, she then self-referred to physical therapy. Following examination, a musculoskeletal ultrasound was completed by the physical therapist. The patient was referred back to her chiropractor for radiographs, which showed a minimally displaced fracture of the greater tuberosity. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(1):32–33. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10349
Surgical and Physical Therapy Management for a Medial Ankle Ganglion With Extra-articular Fibrosis in a Speed Skater: A Case Report
Authors: Gilsing Guus , Lamers Don , de Kort Joris , van Melick Nicky
Published: June 2024

Background

Ganglion cysts are common benign soft tissue tumors in the ankle that can require surgical removal. Extra-articular causes of fibrosis after cyst removal may require additional intervention. No data regarding the rehabilitation process of these treatments are available.

Case Presentation

A 28-year-old male speed skater and sports instructor was diagnosed with a ganglion at the medial ankle. Multiple nonsurgical and surgical treatments failed, resulting in limitations in walking, squatting, and skating. The patient developed a severe dorsiflexion (DF) restriction due to extra-articular fibrosis. Open release (OR) with perioperative mobilization was followed by intensive postoperative manual therapy.

Outcome and Follow Up

Four weeks after the OR, the patient restarted working as a sports instructor, and 8 weeks after the OR, he restarted skating. DF range of motion (ROM) showed a slight deficit, approximating 5° after 6 months. The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score measures were improved until at least 18 months postoperative from 56 to 83 points.

Discussion

This Case Report illustrates the surgical and physical therapy management in a patient with a medial ankle ganglion that was unresponsive initially. The outcomes of this Case Report suggest that OR with postoperative mobilization might be a treatment option if other procedures fail to restore function. Therefore, further research into the effectiveness of this treatment option in patients with severe ROM limitations of the ankle associated with extra-articular causes of fibrosis is wanted. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(3):132–140. Epub: 21 June 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10860
An Uncommon Presentation of Bilateral Femoral Avascular Necrosis in a 23-Year-Old Male: A Case Report
Authors: Shadle Ian , Cavaliere Michael
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a condition where interruption of blood flow to the subchondral bone results in osteocyte death. Common pain presentations involve pain in the deep groin, anterior thigh, ipsilateral buttock, and knee. This case report describes an unusual case of a patient with AVN of the femoral head experiencing isolated knee symptoms without hip-related symptoms.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 23-year-old male presented to physical therapy with a primary complaint of anteromedial knee pain that progressively worsened over a 16-month time period. Radiographs were negative for lumbar and knee pathology. The patient complained of isolated left anteromedial knee pain with weight-bearing activities. The patient was seen by a physical therapist for 4 weeks, resulting in minimal relief of knee symptoms and a progressive loss of hip range of motion. Due to concerns for intraarticular hip pathology, treatment was halted and the patient was referred back to his physician for hip radiographs.

OUTCOMES AND FOLLOW-UP: Radiographs were positive for left femoral head collapse and asphericity consistent with AVN of the femoral head. Radiographs also revealed early manifestations of right hip AVN. The patient underwent a left total hip arthroplasty (THA). The patient required a right THA 8 months later. The patient was able to return to work 12 weeks following the right THA.

DISCUSSION: Bilateral AVN in a 23-year-old male whose chief complaint was anteromedial knee pain is a unique presentation not found in the current literature. Frequent reassessment is critical to prevent misdiagnosis and delaying of appropriate treatment strategies. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(1):8–15. Epub: 17 October 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10968
Lumbar Compression Fracture Following Assault
Authors: Stapleton Zachary M. , Plass Lindsey M. , Malloy Molly , Oren Nisa Cem
Published: June 2024

A patient was referred to physical therapy after traumatic assault and resultant fall to the ground with symptoms of acute onset lumbar radiculopathy. Based on presentation and skillful use of imaging guidelines, the therapist referred them back to the physician for imaging of the hip and lumbar spine. This facilitated an appropriate course of management of fracture, resulting in recovery of prior level of function. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(3):159–161. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10983
Postoperative Physical Therapy Following Balloon Kyphoplasty for Management of Vertebral Burst Fracture: A Case Report
Authors: Hwang Michael , Cheng David S. , Hah Raymond J. , Lantz Justin M.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: There is paucity in the literature regarding physical therapy (PT) utilization for postoperative management following balloon kyphoplasty (BKP).

CASE PRESENTATION: A 74-year-old female with osteoporosis and multiple sclerosis presented with a vertebral burst fracture following a fall. The patient was successfully treated with transforaminal epidural for radiculopathy but underwent a BKP due to worsening low back pain. The patient was referred to PT and began 6 weeks after BKP due to residual low back pain and limitations in functional mobility.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: Significant improvements in Oswestry Disability Index, Patient-Specific Functional Scale, numeric pain-rating scale, and 5 times sit-to-stand were demonstrated following 16 weeks of postoperative PT without adverse events.

DISCUSSION: Physical therapy following BKP may reduce pain and fall risk while improving quality of life without adverse events in patients with vertebral burst fracture on an individual basis. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(1):81–95. Epub: 14 December 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.11399
A Physical Therapy Approach for Evaluation and Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome-1 via Telemedicine: A Case Report
Authors: Baeta Heather , Kudlac Megan , Cummings Ryan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of evidence supporting virtual physical therapy for patients with chronic regional pain syndrome-I (CRPS-1).

CASE PRESENTATION: A 51-year-old female presented to physical therapy via telemedicine for an evaluation and treatment of chronic regional pain syndrome-I of her left foot. Chief complaints included pain, intolerance to gravity-dependent positions such as sitting, standing, and walking, and sensitivity to touch and temperature. Signs and symptoms were consistent with the diagnosis of CRPS-1. The treatment sessions were performed through a 2-way video conferencing system accessed on both party's laptops. The physical therapist guided the patient through interventions that were feasible to perform in the constructs of her home without additional external support. Treatment included pain neuroscience education, desensitization, graded motor imagery, strengthening, and neurodynamic mobilizations.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: At eight weeks, the patient made significant improvements in function consistent with her increased score from 9/30 to 21/30 on the Patient Specific Functional Scale (PSFS). Additionally, the patient demonstrated improved tolerance to temperature changes and gravity-dependent positioning without adverse effects such as blisters or edema. This was further recognized by her ability to shower for 8-10 minutes with warm water and sleep without elevating her leg, both of which she was unable to perform at the start of her care.

DISCUSSION: This case study reviews the effects of a multimodal treatment approach with the inclusion of interventions that target the central and peripheral nervous systems. Furthermore, the efficacy of telemedicine as a delivery of care model is explored in this subgroup of the chronic pain population. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(1):21–25. Epub: 12 January 2023. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2023.10825
Scapular Winging in a Young Tennis Player: A Case Report
Authors: Cantor Aliza , Kraft Denver , Winegarden Brandon , Han Kwang , Fitzpatrick Kevin , Nagda Sameer
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is often characterized by weakness of the scapular stabilizing muscles. FSHD is a genetic disorder in which skeletal muscles of the face (facio), the shoulder blades (scapulo), arms (humeral), and other muscles progressively weaken over time. 5

CASE PRESENTATION: A 13-year-old tennis player developed progressive right shoulder pain and limited range of motion. He did not have a precedent injury and his symptoms were exacerbated by tennis. His exam was notable for medial scapular winging. An electromyogram was read as a long thoracic nerve palsy, presumed to be a tennis-related traction injury. He was treated with aggressive therapy, taping, and bracing to improve scapulothoracic and glenohumeral biomechanics for optimal upper extremity strength and range of motion.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: His pain and motion improved, but he was unable to return to his prior level of tennis competition. Eighteen months after the initial diagnosis, the patient presented with similar symptoms and findings on the contralateral side, raising concern for a neuromuscular etiology.

DISCUSSION: A repeat electromyogram and genetic tests were consistent with FSHD, rather than a sport-related peripheral nerve injury. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(2):96–99. Epub: 13 March 2023. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2023.10887
Role of Physical Therapy in Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Case With 4-Year Follow-up
Authors: Claypool Amy , Wong Christopher K.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Trigeminal neuralgia presents with acute stabbing unilateral facial pain along the nerve distribution precipitated by innocuous sensory stimuli. Trigeminal neuralgia can be unrelenting and can lead to severe physical and emotional consequences. Medical and surgical intervention often has adverse effects, and reports of physical therapy treatment are uncommon.

CASE PRESENTATION: The patient in this case presented for physical therapy with a history of head/neck surgery, migraines and headaches, joint pain, and depression, with severe sharp shock-like pain aggravated by innocuous oral activity in the trigeminal nerve distribution. Over 10 sessions, she received manual therapy for joint, myofascial, and nerve mobilization, and upper limb stretching and strengthening.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: Her pain level decreased substantially and interfered with only 1 oral activity at 4-year follow-up.

DISCUSSION: Her presentation may inform the differential diagnosis of craniofacial pain. Her management integrating manual therapy with exercise and the positive clinical outcome suggest a new avenue for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. JOSPT Cases 2023;3(2):119–126. Epub: 13 April 2023. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2023.11446