bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A SOCIO-PEDAGOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE MINORS’ CAUSAL ATTRIBUTIONS FOR THEIR OWN DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
Authors: Pehlić Izet , Hasić Jakub , Orlić Suad
Published: April 2021

The aim of the research was to make a socio-pedagogical description of the minors’ causal attributions for their own delinquent behavior, based on the attitudes expressed by juvenile delinquents. Moreover, the aim was to reveal whether there is a statistically significant correlation between internal and external factors of delinquent behavior.
A method of theoretical analysis and a descriptive-analytical method were employed, while a Delinquent Behavior Attribution Scale (Ricijaš, 2009) was used as an instrument. The current research sample consisted of 205 juvenile delinquents aged 14-18 coming from the Zenica-Doboj Canton and showing some forms of risky and delinquent behavior.
The results related to the internal causes of delinquent behavior showed that the young people mostly emphasize the following causes: antisocial tendencies, followed by unthoughtfulness, personal frustration, and susceptibility to peer pressure.
The results associated with external causes of delinquent behavior indicated that the young people emphasize poverty and material benefit as causes in most cases, followed by excessive control and supervision by parents, poor family relationships, situation in which the minor is, narcotics, antisocial peers, permissive parents and alcohol.
The results pertaining to the relationship between internal and external causes of delinquent behavior revealed that there is a statistically significant correlation between internal and external causes of delinquent behavior.
It was concluded that socio-pedagogical preventive acting should include a range of factors exerting an influence on the personality development of young people, and that socio-pedagogical programs for providing support to juvenile delinquents should be created and realized with the aim to reduce and eliminate the causes of their delinquent behavior, and to contribute to their better resocialization.
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF ARTISTIC CREATIVE EXPRESSION IN OLDER AGE
Authors: Isić-Imamović Almira , Elias Fejzić Adis
Published: April 2021

The aim of the research was to investigate the psychological role and significance of artistic creative expression in older age through the personal experience of people who paint or mold as a hobby. Seven participants (six female and one male), aged 65-69, took part in the research. A qualitative research method, i.e. a semi-structured interview, was used to get a deep insight into the psychological role and significance of artistic creative expression in older age. Based on the qualitative analysis of the participants’ answers related to the psychological role and significance of artistic creative expression in older age, six subcategories were distinguished (artistic expression as an adaptive way of dealing with stressful life situations; the presence of pleasant emotions during art creation; creative potential development; motivation for learning and advancement in art, the improvement of the quality of social life, increasing self-confidence while being involved in art and teaching art techniques to others) which indicate that artistic expression in older age contributes to the development of emotional stability, creative potential, maintenance of cognitive functions (learning, memory, thinking and attention), prevention of cognitive impairment, improving the quality of social life and increasing the self-confidence of the elderly.
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND OTHER CORRELATES OF TERMINAL VALUES AMONG SOCIAL PEDAGOGY STUDENTS
Authors: Kadić Amila , Jusić Mersiha
Published: April 2021

The research included a suitable sample of students at the Department of Social Pedagogy in Zenica (N= 81), who completed a short socio-demographic survey and a Rokeach's Terminal Values Survey. Terminal values represent the goals of human existence, among which the following values might be distinguished: individual, collective, humane, and altruistic. Bearing in mind practical implications of knowing the values as such, the values which represent sources and guides for attitudes and behavior, and which have been shown to correlate significantly with numerous variables (cognitive functioning, free time, risk behavior, addiction), we considered it important to examine the most prominent terminal values among our students, and compare the results to the results of the available studies involving comparable groups of participants. Based on the findings, we derived six subscales of grouped terminal values: social harmony, self-actualization, personal gratification, security, love and affection, and personal satisfaction. Only the personal gratification variable showed normal distribution, while all other were negatively asymmetric, indicating, thus, an insufficient discrimination of Rokeach’s Terminal Values Scale. Generally, the participants deemed all terminal values significant. In the overall sample, the lowest ranked individual terminal values were exciting life, the world of beauty and money, while the highest ranked were family security, self-esteem, and personal happiness. The gender variable was statistically significantly correlated with the subscale of personal gratification. A Mann-Whitney’s test showed that personal gratification, measured by the items of comfortable life, exciting life, satisfaction and social recognition, statistically significantly correlated with the gender variable (U=237, p<0.01), so that the female participants considered these items more important (median 4.2) than the male participants (3.8). The birthplace was significantly positively correlated with wisdom evaluation (U=556; p<0.05), as well as the evaluation of freedom in non-cigarette consumers compared to their colleagues who consumed them regularly or occasionally (χ2=8.77, p=0.012).
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BASIC MOTOR SKILLS AND DEFORMITY IN STUDENTS
Authors: Nezirović Alma
Published: April 2021

In this paper we refer to the definition by which motor skills are those human skills that are involved in resolving motor tasks, and that determine successful movement. The primary aims of the paper were to ascertain whether the level of physical deformity affects the results the participants show on the tests of basic motor skills, as well as whether the level of deformity differs between male and female population.
The research sample included 299 students of the University of Sarajevo.
The findings indicated that the level of deformity does not significantly affect the results obtained on the tests of basic motor skills, and that there is no difference in the level of deformity between the male and female participants.
RESEARCH INTO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMPUTER AIDED INSTRUCTION IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ LANGUAGE COMPETENCES
Authors: Tarabar Aida , Fejzić Senaid
Published: April 2021

At a time when information technology has a strong impact on society, it is important to identify the level of its influence on foreign language teaching and learning. The paper presents research into the effectiveness of English language computer aided instruction in high schools. The research is based on a twelve-week long project carried out in a high school in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of the project was to observe the language competencies of one hundred high school students who followed two types of foreign language instruction: traditional and computer aided. The results showed significant effectiveness of computer aided instruction in developing students’ competencies, particularly vocabulary acquisition. The paper presents recommendations based on the findings.
AN EVALUATION OF FIVE KEY ASPECTS OF THE LANGUAGE ACQUISITION (LA) – A CRITICAL REVIEW OF KRASHEN`S THEORY
Authors: Dervić Mersad , Spahić Nizama
Published: April 2021

The development of Krashen`s theory of second language acquisition has been disadvantaged due to the dispute over its untestable hypotheses. In his Monitor Model Krashen (1981; 1982; 1985) claims that linguistic competence can only be acquired subconsciously, while conscious learning mainly depends on learners’ mood and emotions at the time of learning a second language. A review of the studies investigating the coherence of Krashen’s hypotheses derived from the Monitor Model supported the validity of this approach. However, competing theories emphasize the importance of conscious learning not addressed by the Monitor Model. This paper critically reviews the five key aspects of Krashen’s Monitor Model and closely looks at the relevance of the theory and its characteristics to SLA nowadays. It was concluded that while effective in some classroom applications, the Monitor Model is too restrictive to justify the conscious learning as a source of spontaneous language production, so cannot alone provide a comprehensive account of language competence.
THE MOTIF OF DREAMS IN ANDRIĆ’S SHORT STORIES
Authors: Smajlović Ikbal
Published: April 2021

The motif of dreams, in addition to the motif of a woman and space, is very significant and frequent in Andrić’s literary work. In fact, the motif of dreams presents a different way of realizing the motif of space, Andrić’s characters are equally realized through it, they live and act in it. This is the result of Andrić’s general interest in human beings and his continuous reflection on their psychology and life. Since the reality and dreams represent the inseparable parts of human life and nature, Andrić is interested in the totality of their variations, following all mutual interrelationships and effects on human beings, their life and psychology.
Andrić’s reflection on human beings (their body, spirituality, destiny, life) is not intended to disclose or establish systematic accuracy or organization, but, on the contrary, it is aimed at dynamics, disharmony, and disorder observed in the overall complexity of individual cases. The functions and appearances of the motif of dreams in the short stories are various and numerous: as a long-awaited and unfulfilled desire floating in front of eyes; as a spiritual continuation of real life or an attempt to escape from it; as an extension of suffering, torture and fear; as a hallucination or vision; as an inexplicable punishment, award or a struggle with own consciousness; as a rest; as a sign and hint, etc.
A REVIEW OF THE BOOK “THE METHODOLOGY OF INTERPRETING THE QUR’AN IN HANAFI MEZHEB” BY DR. SAFVET HALILOVIĆ
Authors: Makić Adil
Published: April 2021

Book review
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
Authors: Atanović Hasudin , Memić Esad
Published: April 2021

Exploring the attitudes of students and teachers of Islamic religion, this study aimed to determine the characteristics of the implementation of cooperative learning in comparison to traditional teaching in elementary schools. The research was based on the assumption that there are some features of cooperative learning which make it more effective than traditional teaching in elementary school religious education.
A method of theoretical analysis, a descriptive-analytical method and testing were used to gather data in the current study. The following instruments were used: 1) a test measuring the knowledge of Islamic religion; 2) a survey exploring the students' and teachers' attitudes about religious education; 3) a survey investigating the teachers' attitudes about cooperative learning in religious education. The research instruments were designed for the purposes of this study.
The research sample comprised 25 seventh grade students (13 students of NMS Spittal an der Drau elementary school and 12 students of NMS Villach elementary school in Carinthia, Austria) and 104 Islamic religion teachers (90 from Bosnia and Herzegovina and 14 from Austria).
The results showed that the students involved in cooperative learning achieved significantly better results on the test of knowledge of Islamic religion than the students taught in a traditional way. Moreover, the findings revealed that the greatest number of the teachers from B&H and Austria apply cooperative learning in their classrooms, that they consider their learners more motivated when involved in cooperative learning, and that it contributes to more free and open communication among students, a better school achievement, and durability of knowledge.
ERRORS IN THE SPEECH OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN- THE ROLE OF AN EDUCATOR
Authors: Teljigović Aida , Pehlić Amina
Published: April 2021

The aim of this paper was to investigate the types of errors occurring in the speech of children before starting school, and in that regard to highlight the educators’ role in stimulating the proper speech development of children in a preschool institution.
The study included sixty children from the older kindergarten group at the Public Institution Preschool Education. A theoretical analysis method and a participatory observation method were used, while testing and interviewing were used as the techniques.
According to the research results errors in the speech of preschool children can be classified into: 1) errors in the articulation of voices (dyslalia), 2) errors in the grammatical structure of language, and 3) errors of a dialectical nature.
The conclusion emphasizes the role of an educator who should monitor and examine each child's speech, make a review of the language status of the kindergarten group he / she leads, based on which the work at the beginning of the next kindergarten year should be planned.
SONGS ABOUT A DISGUISED GIRL IN BOSNIAK ORAL TRADITION
Authors: Ramić Ibnel
Published: April 2021

We encounter songs about a disguised girl in our oral tradition throughout the history of its recording – from Erlangen Manuscript, over Vuk Stefanovic Karadzic's collection, to the collections made in the second half of the twentieth century.
In those songs a girl disguises as a man in most cases to replace her aged father in a battle. She fights and lives a life of a warrior side by side with men, but manages to keep her female identity hidden from male comrades, going wisely and skillfully through all ordeals by which they try to uncover her. In the end she reveals her identity in order to mock them and escape as a winner.
The paper presents such songs included in the collection by Alija Nametak Od bešike do motike. Narodne lirske i pripovijedne pjesme bosansko-hercegovačkih Muslimana published in 1970. In addition to comparing them with songs from other collections we will discuss a literary-theoretical determination of these songs. We will also point to the picture of male-female relationships in them, which differs from the well-known stereotypes present in our oral literature and our folk tradition in general.
A review of the book “Juvenile delinquency” by Suad Orlić, Izet Pehlić and Nermin Tufekčić
Authors: Babić Emina
Published: April 2021

Book review
Alcohol and Drug Abuse Induced Risk Taking Behaviour among Secondary School Students in Kajiado North Sub-County, Kajiado County, Kenya
Authors: David Nzioka  , Theuri Joseph
Published: April 2021

This article is on alcohol and drug abuse as predictors of risk taking behaviour among secondary school students in Kajiado North Sub-County. The area has numerous drug and alcohol ecological factors that could influence the behaviour of adolescents. Since the area is home to a lot of the working population of the adjacent Nairobi City County, people from various backgrounds have immigrated there.  As such, the societal values held by the inhabitants of the area are not easy to define. In this context, adolescents are prone to indulge in drug and alcohol abuse that could impact their lives negatively. This is particulars o since it alcohol and drug abuse encourages unprotected sex among students and by extension abortion, gang behaviour as students look for money to sustain the risky behaviours among others. The arguments of this article are guided by the ecological Systems Theory. Information is obtained from a descriptive survey of 267 students and 15 principals that was I undertook in 2017. The sample was obtained using stratified proportionate sampling and total population sampling techniques in the 15 public secondary schools in Kajiado North Sub-County. Data from students was collected using questionnaires while the principals were interviewed. The findings show that alcohol and drug abuse risk-taking behaviour in adolescents are higher in the wake of poor family stability, negative peer influence, breakdown of societal values and weak government measures. As such, it is recommended that it is important to ensure that cohesiveness in the families is encouraged so as to reduce alcohol and drug abuse behaviours among students. Teachers should also be at the forefront for checking alcohol and drug abuse in schools so as to protect the spread of risky taking behaviours among peers. Members of the society who sell alcohol to students should be identified and punished as per the existing law. The government should strengthen its programs (in schools and in the mass media) to guide students on the dangers associated with alcohol and drug abuse among students. This article is organized into Introduction, Literature Review and discussions.
Student Retention in Secondary Schools of Seventh-day Adventist Church in East Kenya Union Conference
Authors: Kamundi Shadrack
Published: April 2021

The study assessed students’ retention in secondary schools of the SDA Church in EKUC. It employed a concurrent mixed methods research design and adopted an exploratory approach using a descriptive survey. The subjects of the study included students, principals, the Conferences/Field Education Directors and the Board of Management (BoM) chairpersons. Based on expectancy theory of motivation, the study adopted the concurrent mixed methods research design. The target population was the twenty Seventh-day Adventist Church maintained Secondary Schools in EKUC. The unit of analysis was eleven secondary school principals, five education directors and, eleven chairpersons of the school boards of management (BOM) and 335 students. Cluster sampling technique was used to get the samples. The target population was divided into five clusters (principals, students, education directors and, board chairpersons). Samples were obtained from each of these clusters. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires for students. Interview schedules were organized for education directors, the school BoM chairpersons and the principals for triangulation. Observation schedule was also organized. This targeted the school infrastructure and generally all what goes on in the school. The school learning facilities and the behavior of teachers in school was also captured here. The other instrument used was the tool for document analysis to collect data for 8 years. Students (335) were required to fill the provided questionnaire, but the eleven principals, five education directions and eleven BoM chairpersons were subjected to interviews. Documentary analysis method was used to get information on KCSE performance for the same period of eight years. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations.  Documentary analysis was done on records about teacher retention.  Content analysis was done on responses from interviews and in open-ended questions. The findings show that there were high numbers of students in Form 2 and 3 who dropped within the year and those who joined. Students were being replaced as they dropped out in some of the years. All in all, there were high annual turnover rates.  This could affect the learning processes as well as students’ academic performance. The study recommends the need for schools to put in place strategies for ensuring that students learning facilities were available.  Students should also be motivated to remain in school. Bursaries and sponsorships for students from poor backgrounds should be availed. Spiritual guidance, work programs and flexible fees payment mechanisms should also be instituted so as to support children from poor background to remain in school.
Devolution and Politics as Predictors of Expansion Strategies in Public Training Institutions: A Case Study of Kenya Medical Training College
Authors: Musango Paul Chandoo , Kimwetich Daniel K.
Published: April 2021

This study investigates the influence of devolution and politics on the expansion strategies in public training institutions with reference to the Kenya Medical Training College. The specific objectives of the study are to: establish the influence of devolution of health services on the success of expansion strategies in the public training institutions and; determine the influence of politics on the success of expansion strategies in the public training institutions. This study is based on the contingency theory. It adopts the descriptive survey design. The study focuses on 2393 KMTC officers from the 73 KMTC campuses in Kenya, 42 ministries of health officials in the 42 counties that have KMTC campuses, and 42 local leaders from those counties that have KMTC campuses. The total targeted study participants were thus 2477. From these, 10% (248 persons) were sampled. The study used purposive and stratified random sampling techniques to obtain the study sample. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires and interviews. Data from questionnaires were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, and means) were used to describe the central tendencies of the data. In addition, inferential statistics (Pearson Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis) were also used.  Data from key informants were analysed using content analysis techniques. The findings show that the two study variables influenced the uptake of expansion strategies at KMTC campuses. In this regard, Pearson correlation shows that there was statistical significant relationship between devolution of health services (r=0.322, p<0.001) and; politics (r=0.478, p<0.001) and success of expansion strategies. These findings show that politics was the strongest factor influencing the success of expansion strategies followed by devolution of health services. As such, avoiding the negative influences of the devolution of health services and politics can enhance the success of expansion strategies at KMTC. In this regard, efforts aimed at reducing political patronage as well as interferences of devolved governments in the running of KMTC campuses would enhance the performance of new campuses.
İş Tatmini ile Alt Boyutları Arasındaki İlişkiler ve Demografik Faktörlerin Bu Değişkenler Üzerindeki Etkisi: Görgül Bir Araştırma
Authors: KILIÇ Tamer , SAYGILI İhsan
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; havacılık bakım merkezlerinde görevli çalışanların iş tatmini düzeylerini araştırmak, iş tatmini ile dokuz alt boyutu arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek ve demografik faktörlerin iş tatminine ve alt boyutlarına etkilerini analiz etmektir. Bu kapsamda, kamu ve özel kurum ve kuruluşların hava araçlarına bakım hizmeti sağlayan Ankara’daki havacılık bakım merkezlerinde çalışan iş görenlere anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda çalışanların; genel olarak işlerinden memnun oldukları, özellikle ücret, ödül ve arkadaşlarına ilişkin tatmin düzeylerinin ortalamanın üzerinde çıktığı görülmüştür. Diğer taraftan demografik değişkenlerden cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durumu, toplam çalışma süresi ve unvan farklılıklarının çalışanların tatmin düzeyini önemli ölçüde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle cinsiyet durumuna göre kadın ve erkek çalışanların iş tatmininin alt boyutlarından “iletişim ve kariyer-yükselme” ile ilgili algılarının farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışanların medeni durumuna (evli veya bekâr olmalarına) göre iş tatmininin alt boyutlarından “iletişim, sosyal haklar ve kariyer-yükselme” algılarının da farklılaştığı anlaşılmıştır.
Öğrenme yönetim sistemi seçiminde kullanılacak kriterlerin belirlenmesine yönelik çok ölçütlü karar verme yöntemi önerisi
Authors: ARTSIN Murat , GÜNAL Kaan
Published: April 2021

Yükseköğretimde Öğrenme Yönetim Sistemleri (ÖYS) her geçen gün önemini artırmaktadır. ÖYS’ler uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğrencilerin ve öğretim elemanlarının asenkron olarak bir araya geldikleri ortamların oluşmasında faydalanılan alanlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı yükseköğretimde yer alan üniversitelerin veya uzaktan eğitim kurumlarının ÖYS seçim kriterlerinin oluşturulmasının sağlanmasıdır. Çalışma nitel bir durum çalışması olarak desenlenmiştir. Bu durum çalışmasında yükseköğretimde görev yapmakta olan uzman profesyoneller ile gerçekleşen görüşmelerin ardından AHP (Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci) ile süreç organize edilmiştir. Veri toplama bağlamında uzman profesyonellere alanyazın destekli kriter havuzu sunulmuştur. Uzman görüşlerinin beraberinde kriter havuzu nihai halini almıştır. Bu sürecin ardından hazırlanan kriter havuzu farklı bir uzman grubu ile değerlendirilerek kriterlerin kriter ağırlıklarının oluşturulması sağlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda 6 ana kriterin ve 42 alt kriterin kriter ağırlıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Ana kriterler ve ağırlıklarının sırasıyla; Ölçme ve değerlendirme boyutu (0,295), iletişim boyutu (0,254), içerik boyutu (0,159), topluluk oluşturma boyutu (0,140), teknoloji boyutu (0,098) ve maliyet boyutu (0,055) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmadaki alt kriterlerin alanyazındaki diğer birçok çalışma ile desteklenir olması, sunulan bu kriter havuzunun ÖYS seçim kriterleri bağlamında kullanılabilirliğini gözler önüne sermiştir.
Mutlu çevrimiçi okul
Authors: FİDAN Mustafa
Published: April 2021

COVID-19 sırasında okulların aniden kapanması, birçok okulu bileşenlerinin mutluluğu konusunda belirsiz bıraktı. Bu çalışma, uzaktan öğretim gerçekleştirilen ilköğretim okullarında mutlu çevrimiçi okul olgusunu sorgulamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, mutlu çevrimiçi okulu öğrenci, veli ve öğretmen görüşleri doğrultusunda ortaya koymaktır. Bu nitel araştırma olgu bilim desenindedir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu oluşturan 56 öğrenci, 32 veli ve 17 öğretmen ile yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Görüşme soruları ilgili alan yazına dayalı olarak geliştirilmiş ve katılımcılardan derinlemesine bilgi toplamak için kullanılmıştır. Çalışma verileri içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına dayalı olarak, öğrenci, veli ve öğretmen mutluluklarının birleşiminde mutlu çevrimiçi okul açıklanmıştır. Öğrencilere göre mutlu çevrimiçi okul, eğlence, kolaylık, özgürlük ve esnekliktir. Velilere göre mutlu çevrimiçi okul, şeffaflık, sağlık, güvenlik, esneklik ve ekonomikliktir. Öğretmenlere göre mutlu çevrimiçi okul, sağlık, kolaylık, inovasyon ve zamandır. Mutlu çevrimiçi okul öğrenci, veli ve öğretmenler için öznel anlamlandırılmış gibi gözükse de, her bir bileşenin mutluluğu okulun toplam mutluluğuna katkı sunmaktadır.
Açık ve uzaktan öğrenenlerin sınavlarda çoktan seçmeli soruları boş bırakma davranışlarının incelenmesi
Authors: KARADAĞ Nejdet
Published: April 2021

Çoktan seçmeli testler açık ve uzaktan öğrenmede öğrenenlerin değerlendirilmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan objektif ölçme araçlarından biridir. Bunun en önemli nedeni, çoktan seçmeli testlerin uygulama ve değerlendirme açısından kullanışlı olmasıdır. Şans başarısı içermesi çoktan seçmeli testlere yöneltilen en önemli eleştirilerdendir. Çoktan seçmeli testlerde şans başarısını ortadan kaldırmak için çeşitli yöntemler denenmiştir. Bu yöntemlerden biri de yanıtlayıcıların cevabını bilmedikleri soruları boş bırakmalarını gerektiren yanlış cevapların doğru cevap sayısını eksiltmesi uygulamasıdır. Bu çalışmada, Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Sistemi’nde yüz yüze gerçekleştirilen 2019-2020 Öğretim Yılı Güz Dönemi ara ve dönem sonu sınavlarında 3’ü sözel ve 3’ü sayısal olmak üzere toplam 6 derste öğrenenlerin çoktan seçmeli soruları boş bırakma davranışları incelenmiştir. Madde analizi verilerine göre testlerden yüksek puan alan (üst grup) ve düşük puan alan (alt grup) öğrenenlerin soruları boş bırakma durumu soruların güçlük düzeyi, sınav dönemi ve ders türü değişkenleri açısından incelenmiştir. İlişkisel tarama modelinde yürütülen araştırmada verilerin analizinde Spearman Sıralama Korelasyonu ve bağımsız örneklem t-testi kullanılmıştır. Uygun durumlarda veriler oransal grafikler kullanılarak anlamlandırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar; soruları boş bırakma oranlarının dönem sonu sınavında ara sınava göre, sayısal içerikli derslerde sözel içerikli derslere göre daha fazla olduğunu ve soruların güçlük düzeyi arttıkça boş bırakma eğiliminin arttığını ortaya koymuştur.
Preguntas a Martínez Zorrilla
Authors: Atienza Manuel
Published: April 2021

El artículo plantea algunas preguntas a las ideas del artículo central de este volumen 8 a cargo de Martínez Zorrilla
Introducción. Un análisis crítico de “La Teoría del derecho como plan”
Authors: Canale Damiano , Tuzet Giovanni
Published: April 2021

Se reúne una serie de consideraciones acerca de la discusión general. En especial se pretende contextualizar la discusión acerca de Legality como una discusión enmarcada en disensos más amplios sobre cultura jurídica, la definición de positivismo jurídico y el rol de la teoría del derecho.
Tras la naturaleza del derecho. Reflexiones sobre el desafío de Shapiro
Authors: Canale Damiano
Published: April 2021

Este ensayo se enfoca críticamente en los aspectos meto- dológicos del libro Legalidad de Scott Shapiro. De hecho, el libro de Shapiro presenta varias tesis originales sobre la naturaleza del derecho y los principales problemas de la filosofía del derecho, pero también sobre cómo la filosofía del derecho puede descubrir la naturaleza del derecho. En este sentido, el método de investigación adoptado por Shapiro puede considerarse como uno de los resultados más interesantes y desafiantes de su investigación. El ensayo está dividido en dos partes. La primera proporciona un análisis del enfoque filosófico de Shapiro; en particular, se centra en el recurso de Shapiro al vocabulario metafísico, el análisis conceptual, el razonamiento constructivo y la explicación institucional del derecho. La segunda parte destaca algunos de los problemas que plantea este enfoque. En particular, el ensayo argumenta que (1) la teoría del derecho de la planificación no puede explicar la obligación legal; (2) la estrategia constructiva de Shapiro tiene un carácter recursivo que tiende a oscurecer la variedad de entidades legales; (3) la versión de análisis conceptual propuesta en Legalidad es semánticamente ciega y corre el riesgo de volver a leer en el mundo las características del lenguaje; (4) Shapiro supone que las entidades legales equivalen a un solo universo de hechos legales, mientras que las normas, contratos, parlamentos, etc., reales no parecen tener el mismo conjunto básico de propiedades y existir de la misma manera. Para dar cuenta de esto, el ensayo describe una visión alternativa sobre la natura- leza del derecho basada en un enfoque pluralista de la ontología social.
¿En qué se equivoca el realismo jurídico?
Authors: Tuzet Giovanni
Published: April 2021

El libro Legalidad de Scott Shapiro se propone llevar a cabo una estimulante, pero ardua, tarea filosófica, a saber: ofrecer una explicación de aquello que el derecho es y de por qué vale la pena tenerlo. Su “Teoría del derecho como plan” aborda la primera cuestión en términos de la denominada tesis de los “hechos sociales” y la segunda en términos de la tesis del “fin moral”. Así, el derecho está determinado únicamente por hechos sociales, pero posee un punto moral, puesto que la finalidad de la actividad legal es solucionar algunos problemas morales. Las escuelas filosófico-jurídicas del siglo veinte se han dividido acerca de estos temas. Entre tales escuelas, Shapiro rechaza la visión realista porque deja de lado el punto de vista interno. Sin embargo, muchas afirmaciones realistas se referían al conocimiento del derecho, no a su normatividad. El artículo aborda este punto recordando también el debate entre Hart y Ross.
Norma de reconocimiento, convención y obligación. Aquello que Shapiro todavía puede aprender de los errores de Hart
Authors: Schiavello Aldo
Published: April 2021

Shapiro elabora una versión del positivismo jurídico tomando como punto de partida la teoría del derecho como práctica social de Hart. Algunos de los límites de la teoría de Hart se refieren a su concepción de la obligación jurídica y de la normatividad del Derecho. En este escrito analizaré los límites de la concepción de Hart de la normatividad del derecho y evaluaré si la teoría del derecho como plan indica el camino correcto para evitar estos límites. Anticipando la conclusión, intentaré demostrar cómo Shapiro reproduce los errores de Hart sobre estas cuestiones. En los siguientes párrafos se presenta una reconstrucción crítica de la concepción de la normatividad de Hart en parte distinta a la propuesta por Shapiro en Legalidad. El último párrafo se dedica a la realización de un análisis crítico de las concepciones de la obligación jurídica y de la autoridad del derecho asociadas a la teoría del derecho como plan.
La planificación jurídica y sus funciones
Authors: Papayannis Diego Martín
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se argumenta que la teoría de la planificación presentada por Scott Shapiro en su libro Legalidad ofrece una explicación mixta del fenómeno jurídico. Por una parte, pretende desentrañar la naturaleza del derecho, mediante un análisis conceptual que reconstruya fielmente el punto de vista interno. Por otra parte, Shapiro propone una explicación funcional del derecho que trasciende la pers- pectiva de los participantes. Ambas explicaciones iluminan aspectos diferentes de la práctica jurídica y, por ello, son complementarias.
Una mirada desde el realismo analítico: vieja metafísica, señorío de las verdades obvias y positivismo sospechoso
Authors: Chiassoni Pierluigi
Published: April 2021

El escrito busca proporcionar un análisis crítico, desde el punto de vista de un positivismo jurídico analítico y realista, de la filosofía y metafilosofía del derecho defendidas por Scott Shapiro en su libro Legalidad. Contiene cuatro partes. La primera parte ofrece una crítica de la ambición del libro de ofrecer una teoría “metafísica” que descubre “verdades filosóficas” acerca de “la naturaleza fundamental del derecho”. La segunda parte contiene una crítica del uso que Shapiro hace de las “verdades obvias” al construir su teoría. La tercera parte considera críticamente, en dos pasos, la concepción del positivismo jurídico de Shapiro. La cuarta, y última, parte, pone en tela de juicio la solución que Shapiro ofrece para la “paradoja de la autoridad”.
THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE US SANCTIONS POLICY IMPLEMENTATION: THE NORD STREAM 2 GAS PIPELINE CASE
Authors: Morales Pedraza Jorge
Published: April 2021

It has become common practice for the US administration to apply sanctions to countries that adopt policies to defend their political, economic, and military interests but affect or are against those of the US. The application of the US sanctions policy has been extended in recent years to include even friendly or allied countries.
When is the US sanction policy applied? In principle, when other countries assume positions or adopt political, economic, and military policies that do not respect or reflect the US interests or do not support its commercial, economic, political, or military policies and positions. As a result of the US sanctions policy's expansion application, now the US government does not distinguish between allies, friends, adversaries, or enemies. Sanctions against Germany and other European countries and companies and Russian companies for constructing the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline are clear examples of what has been said above.
But, what happens if all great powers apply the same US sanction policy? The reaction of China, Russia, and the EU, among others rejecting the US sanctions policy covering political, economic, and military issues, complicates the search for acceptable solutions to the main world problems increasing tensions at this level. Undoubtedly, this is not the way to find acceptable solutions to international or regional disputes. They can only be found through negotiations in good faith, the use of diplomacy, and increasing trust among countries involved in regional and international disputes. The use of unilateral force, the adoption of arbitrary sanctions, or the threat of military actions to force change another country's position or policy will not strengthen international peace and security but the contrary.
Pandemi di Ibu Pertiwi: Kajian Literatur “Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia”
Authors:   Program Studi Ilmu Administrasi Publik, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Cenderawasih Jayapura, Ilham Ilham , Idris Usman ,   Program Studi Antropologi Sosial, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Cenderawasih Jayapura, Muttaqin M. Zaenul ,   Program Studi Ilmu Administrasi Publik, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Cenderawasih Jayapura
Published: April 2021

Buku ini membahas mengenai perkembangan kasus Covid-19 di Indonesia, kebijakan pemerintah pusat, upaya dan inovasi pemerintah daerah, serta bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dan penanganan berbasis kearifan lokal. Berhubung buku ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan (library research) sehingga dilakukan analisis teks dan wacana dimana data bersumber dari buku, jurnal, pemberitaan media massa, dan lain-lain. Adapun data yang digunakan sebagian besar berasal dari platform online, oleh karena itu memungkinkan adanya perkembangan baru disaat buku ini telah sampai di tangan pembacanya, mengingat penanganan dan perkembangan pandemi Covid-19 ini sangatlah dinamis.
Pendidikan dan Promosi Kesehatan
Authors:   Magister Keperawatan,Universitas Syiah Kuala, Asniar Asniar , Kamil Hajjul ,   Profesi Ners, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Mayasari Putri ,   Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Syiah Kuala
Published: April 2021

Buku ajar ini digunakan pada Mata kuliah Pendidikan dan Promosi Kesehatan Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan. Buku ajar ini membahas tentang konsep dasar promosi kesehatan dan pendidikan kesehatan, teori dan model yang relevan, intervensi dasar promosi kesehatan, serta konsep, prinsip dan metode pendidikan kesehatan yang relevan agar mahasiswa dapat mengembangkan program promosi kesehatan dan pendidikan kesehatan bagi masyarakat sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran pada Mata Kuliah Pendidikan dan Promosi Kesehatan dengan menggunakan buku ajar ini, mahasiswa diharapkan mampu merancang dan memberikan pendidikan dan promosi kesehatan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan tujuan kesehatan bagi masyarakat pada berbagai kelompok usia, serta melakukan evaluasi yang diperlukan terhadap pendidikan kesehatan dalam konteks promosi kesehatan.
Trichoderma: Si Agen Antagonis
Authors:   Proteksi Tanaman, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Sriwati Rina
Published: April 2021

Buku ini diawali dari kumpulan beberapa hasil penelitian tentang eksplorasi Trichoderma isolat asal Aceh hingga pengujian potensinya sebagai agen pengendalian hayati, biodekomposer dan zat perangsang tumbuh. Sejak tahun 2009 sampai sekarang dari berbagai sumber dana, penulis telah melakukan penelitian terhadap teknik perbanyakan Trichoderma, aspek aspek pengendalian biologi beberapa penyakit tumbuhan terutama tanaman perkebunan dengan memanfaatkan agen pengendalian hayati isolat lokal yaitu jamur Trichoderma. Melalui buku ini maka petani dan masyaarakat umunya diharapakan memiliki pedoman bagaimana cara memperbanyak Trichoderma secaramandiri di rumah, di kebunsertabagaimanacaraaplikasinya.
Elektromagnetik Plane Wave: Teori dan Aplikasi
Authors:   Ilmu Kebencanaan, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Ismail Nazli , Yanis Muhammad ,   Teknik Geofisika, Universitas Syiah Kuala
Published: April 2021

Buku ini mempelajari tentang elektromagnetik yang mana memerlukan kajian yang terintegrasi karena elektromagnetik menggunakan pengukuran medan listrik dan magnet. Serta buku ini memberikan informasi yang luas mengenai faktor-faktor yang dapat menurunkan resistan batuan, metode-metode elektromagnetik domain waktu dan menggunakan metode elektromagnetik doamin frekuensi. Hal ini tentu saja untuk membuat pembaca yang mendalami ilmu tersebut mengerti akan elektromagnetik.
PADRÕES MOTORES FUNDAMENTAIS DE CRIANÇAS DE UMA ESCOLA BAIANA
Authors: Melo Fábio Thomaz , Oliveira Kleonara Santos , Amorim Angelo Maurício de , Almeida Claudio Bispo de , Mussi Ricardo Franklin de Freitas
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a frequência dos padrões motores fundamentais de movimento de crianças matriculadas na educação infantil em escola de uma cidade do agreste baiano. As crianças foram submetidas a testes de avaliação motora que foram filmadas e analisadas. A amostra foi composta por 50 alunos da educação infantil, de ambos os sexos, 20 com quatro anos e 30 com cinco anos de idade. As habilidades motoras fundamentais de pegar, chutar e saltar horizontalmente foram avaliadas em conformidade aos padrões de desenvolvimento esperados para cada idade. Os resultados apresentaram presença de atraso no desenvolvimento motor das crianças investigadas uma vez que os participantes deveriam estar no estágio elementar de desenvolvimento do movimento.
BRASIL: DIVISÃO IDEOLÓGICA, INTOLERÂNCIA RELIGIOSA, E DEGRADAÇÃO AMBIENTAL EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Santos Francisca Eugenia dos
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo criar um espaço de reflexão em torno ao surgimento no Brasil de uma direita fundamentalista cristã, a ascensão de Bolsonaro, e a atuação do seu governo diante da pandemia do coronavírus, assim como sua responsabilidade na degradação ambiental que o país vem sofrendo nos últimos dois anos. Além disso, criar uma atmosfera de debate e análise, que possa contribuir para compreender os retrocessos em políticas socioambientais, e de inclusão social, que dão lugar a um questionado programa de governo, no qual o jargão “Brasil acima de tudo, e Deus acima de todos”, simbolizam valores de uma ala evangélica, que contrapõe o conceito de estado pluralista, concebido dentro da constituição brasileira. A situação pandêmica revela as posturas de um governo que por um lado minimiza a letalidade do vírus, e por outro transforma as estratégias sanitárias criadas pelos técnicos e especialistas, em objeto de disputas políticas, as quais também pretendemos considerar.  Através de fontes bibliográficas, e pesquisas realizadas por diferentes estudos no Brasil, procuramos desenhar uma realidade social, religiosa e política que nos possa permite avançar na construção de um ideal crítico do Brasil de Bolsonaro.
REFLETINDO SOBRE A PROPOSTA DA PEDAGOGIA DA GRATUIDADE
Authors: Carneiro Éverton Nery , Zeferino Jefferson
Published: April 2021

Com o desafio de se pensar uma cultura de humanização, este texto, por meio de uma análise bibliográfica, tem por objetivo pensar na construção de uma pedagogia da gratuidade tendo por base a teologia barthiana e a pedagogia freireana. Essa pedagogia da gratuidade é proposta como modo de traduzir a vontade de produção de uma cultura humanista de cuidado e amor ao próximo em sua diversidade. Ela é também uma pedagogia existencial que apreende a vida e as alteridades como graça. Enfatizam-se a criatividade, a reconciliação e a esperança como desdobramentos da gratuidade. A co-humanidade, por sua vez, se reflete de modo prático no cuidar como o centro da dimensão ética da gratuidade. Nesse sentido consideramos a existência de uma disposição baricêntrica de ser com o outro e, no reconhecimento e acolhida do próprio inacabamento, ser mais.
ASPECTOS DA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL EM CIÊNCIAS DA RELIGIÃO E TEOLOGIA
Authors: Oliveira Ribeiro Claudio de
Published: April 2021

Apresentação de aspectos do Documento da Área Ciências da Religião e Teologia (2019), da Capes (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), órgão que acompanha e avalia o Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação brasileiro, com destaque para a descrição da Árvore do Conhecimento, que reflete o perfil das subáreas, dos perfis dos egressos pós-graduados/as em Ciências da Religião (e suas variações de nomenclatura) e Teologia, e de questões que têm sido identificadas como desafiadoras para o aprofundamento e aprimoramento da modalidade profissional de Programas de Pós-Graduação no Brasil, como o valor da pesquisa aplicada nos mestrados profissionais e a importância da produção técnica para a Pós-Graduação Profissional.
JOGOS DIGITAIS COMO OBJETO DE APRENDIZAGEM NO PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Naiara do Prado , Oliveira Kleonara Santos
Published: April 2021

Com este trabalho objetivou-se refletir sobre as possibilidades de utilização dos jogos digitais como objeto de aprendizagem no processo de alfabetização nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. A atual sociedade encontra-se permeada pelos avanços das novas tecnologias, que trazem mudanças aceleradas, provocadas principalmente pelos progressos das tecnologias digitais, modificando, portanto, o nosso modo de viver e de atuar no mundo. Os avanços das novas tecnologias influenciaram nos padrões científicos, mobilizando os modelos pedagógicos e, em razão disso, atingiu a escola e as relações entre professores e alunos. Para a construção deste artigo realizamos uma revisão narrativa da literatura, a partir de textos produzidos nos últimos 10 anos. Os textos selecionados para a construção do artigo foram encontrados na biblioteca Scielo. As pesquisas apontam que os jogos digitais podem potencializar o desenvolvimento infantil e auxiliar no processo ensino e aprendizagem na educação básica, desde que contem com a mediação do professor como problematizador, porém, faz-se necessário que os professores sejam capacitados e que existam políticas públicas que favoreçam essa formação.
A LUTA DAS MULHERES NO PROCESSO EMANCIPATÓRIO
Authors: Candiotto Jaci de Fátima Souza , Miranda Maria Rosa da Silva
Published: April 2021

Defender as mulheres com a dignidade que lhe é devida pelo fato de ser pessoa e ter nascido igual e livre em direitos, é o princípio que tem impulsionado os movimentos de combate à desigualdade de gênero no planeta, inspirado também dos primeiros artigos da Declaração Universal dos Direitos humanos. O objetivo deste estudo consiste em elaborar uma reflexão teórica capaz de contemplar as práticas emancipatórias das mulheres na luta pela efetivação dos direitos humanos das mulheres. A pesquisa e metodologicamente qualitativa orientada por um referencial teórico bibliográfico, no intuito analítico de avaliar as possibilidades e limites das lutas por emancipação, especialmente de algumas pensadoras que protagonizaram estas lutas. Assim, uma das conclusões a que se chega é que as lutas por emancipação se desenrolam não somente no plano prático, ou exclusivamente no plano teórico, mas pelo cruzamento entre eles, especialmente quando os movimentos de libertação encontram pontos de apoio e intersecção nas filosofias e teologias da libertação.  Uma segunda conclusão é que as lutas por emancipação e igual dignidade encontram-se sempre ameaçadas pela reconfiguração do patriarcado em seus desdobramentos familiar, educacional, religioso e estatal. Por essa razão, a efetivação dos direitos humanos das mulheres não chega a um estágio final somente quando reconhecido publicamente, mas deve ser um objetivo infindável  e objeto de uma luta constante.