bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nurses’ Knowledge and Practices concerning Physiotherapy Protocol at Intensive Care Units in AL-Nasiriyah City
Authors: Waheed Noor
Published: June 2023

Abstract:

Objective (s): This study aims to assess nurses' knowledge and practice regarding physiotherapy protocol at intensive care units

Methodology: descriptive cross-sectional study design executed at the ICU in the city hospitals of AL- for the time of 13th October/ 2021 to 7th April /2022. Questionnaire filled by 75 nurses who work in ICU who had chosen by non-probability (purposive) selection collected the data. Then the researcher used an observational checklist to evaluate nurses’ practice. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS.

Results: the study found a deficit in nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding physiotherapy protocol in intensive care units. The nurses are not fully familiar with physiotherapy techniques, which is reflected in the low level of performance.

Recommendations: Providing an educational program to increase nurses' knowledge and practices regarding physical therapy techniques. Making another studies on physical therapy in other settings.
Volunteering opportunities in higher education
Authors: FODOR-GARAI Mónika , VARGA Janos , CSISZARIK-KOCSIR Agnes
Published: June 2023

In this paper, I present the results of empirical research and practical pilot programmes carried out in the frame of an international project. The project was about the promotion of pro bono activities among university students, involving corporate experts and non-profit companies. The conclusions of the research and the pilot programmes implemented over two years, several of which were digitally implemented during the covid period, show that young people are open to volunteering and willing to participate in well-organised and prepared pro bono activities. For higher education institutions, integrating pro bono into the curricular portfolio is an excellent way to increase the practicality of education, strengthen business links and, last but not least, increase young people’s social awareness. The particular value of the pro bono activities carried out digitally during the covid period is how the volunteer programme was able to adapt to the challenges of the virus situation and how it was able to successfully implement pro bono programmes in the online space, involving corporate professionals, non-profit grantees, and academic experts. The conclusions could be useful for professionals in higher education as well as for non-profit organizations on how to make knowledge-sharing pro bono activities work to the benefit of all stakeholders on how to make knowledge-sharing pro bono activities work to the benefit of all stakeholders.
Body image and self-esteem in teenagers
Authors: SINAJ Elsida , MECA Xhesiana
Published: June 2023

The image of the body is the dynamic perception of the body as it looks, feels, and moves. It is formed by perception, emotions, and physical sensations and is not static, but can change in terms of mood and physical ways. In terms of self-esteem, which is a positive and negative orientation towards itself, a general assessment of values or qualities. His study is analyzing the relationship between self-esteem levels in relation to perceptions adolescents have of body image. The study was conducted as a champion of 120 students in Maminas high school. The selection of the champion was in a casual way. The ages of the students ranged from the age 13 to the age 18. The measuring instruments used for this study are 2 questionnaires. The body image avoidance questionnaire [Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire (BIAQ)], consists of 19 questions about image avoidance for the body. The second questionnaire is that of self-esteem (SES, Rosenberg, 1965), which was used to measure the degree of self-esteem. In line with the study’s objectives, results showed that there is an important link between the image of the body and the level of self-worth in adolescents and that there are significant gender differences in the image of the body in adolescents. Four were hypotheses raised in this study, whereof these hypotheses, 3 were proven and only one of the hypotheses collapsed. The results achieved were supported by similar field studies.
The Security Issues in The Analysis of Information Management Systems
Authors:   Al Muthanna University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq, Shareef Mustafa Sahib , Alkhazaali Mahmood ,   Al Muthanna University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
Published: June 2023

The security issue in the design of information management systems is considered one of the vital issues, in the era of information technology and the information revolution, securing information has become a very necessary requirement. In this paper, the issue of analyzing information management systems was discussed with an emphasis on the security aspect of the analysis process. It is not possible to build and design information management systems without analyzing the full requirements of these systems, including security requirements. The analysis phase is useful to developers in studying and analyzing all system requirements to avoid potential risks, including security risks. It is necessary to try to avoid serious information breaches. If this happens, it is important for the system to have a specific mechanism to detect them and reduce the damage that resulted from them, as well as knowing the reason for their occurrence. Developing a layer of analysis of the security requirements at each stage of the analysis and developing a specific mechanism to detect violations that may occur to the system will be sufficient to increase the reliability of these systems.
Análise do risco de incêndios florestais e manejo de fogo na comunidade do Posto Administrativo de Bilibiza, em Moçambique
Authors: Máquina Dalmildo Agostinho , Daude Ivan Abdul , Jeremias Adérito da Silva , Serrote Caetano Miguel Lemos , Mussalama Adélio Zeca
Published: June 2023

Os incêndios florestais contribuem para a degradação de florestas. Por isso, é fundamental conhecer os fatores que favorecem sua ocorrência e mapear as áreas suscetíveis para permitir o desenvolvimento de programas específicos para o manejo do fogo. No presente estudo recorreu-se aos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica para analisar o risco de ocorrência de incêndios no Posto Administrativo de Bilibiza, província de Cabo Delgado, Moçambique, com vista a permitir seu manejo. Foram produzidos mapas de risco em função de variáveis que afetam a ocorrência e propagação do fogo, pelo método de Processo de Análise Hierárquica (AHP). Foram também inqueridos 80 agregados familiares de três localidades. A maior parte da área (78%) apresenta risco moderado de incêndio, 13% apresenta risco alto e 9% apresenta risco baixo. As práticas que influenciam na frequência da ocorrência de incêndios são caça (85%), agricultura (82%) e produção de carvão vegetal (47%). Cerca de 84% da comunidade não tem conhecimento nem informação da lei nacional referente a uso de fogo. Campanhas de sensibilização devem ser promovidas para reduzir a ocorrência de incêndios no Posto Administrativo de Bilibiza.
Avaliação do crescimento de plântulas de Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. em diferentes substratos
Authors: Traversa Ignacio Pablo
Published: June 2023

O gênero eucalipto é plantado de forma diversificada em todo o mundo. A espécie E. tereticornis é economicamente importante no Uruguai. O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar o crescimento de mudas em laboratório, em quatro tratamentos de diferentes substratos: areia, areia com adubo, substrato comercial e substrato comercial com adubo. Foram analisadas as variáveis ​​período de germinação, sobrevivência, comprimento e diâmetro do caule e comprimento da raiz. Os resultados foram processados ​​por ANOVA e contrastes de médias. Verificou-se que o substrato comercial foi o que proporcionou o crescimento mais rápido.
Population Attributable Fraction of Stroke Risk Factors in Thailand: Utilization of Non-communicable Disease Surveillance Systems
Authors: Areechokchai Darin , Vijitsoonthornkul Kamolthip , Pongpan Sarinya , Maeakhian Sasithan
Published: June 2023

In Thailand, stroke is the third leading cause of death. The objective of this study was to measure the impacts of behavioral risk and underlying disease factors on stroke. The study design was a case-cohort study comparing prevalence of demographic characteristics and risk factors between stroke patients and general population. We obtained data of stroke patients and risk factors in general population of 12 provinces from two non-communicable disease surveillance systems to calculate population-attributable fraction: the national health information system for morbidity and mortality surveillance, and the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. Multiple logistic regression, based on weighted data and adjusted for clustering effect in each province, was carried out. It was found that approximately 41.6% (95% CI = 35.1-46.2) of stroke in Thai population was related to hypertension. From an age group-specific model, among those aged 15-34 years, smoking carried the highest population attributable fraction of stroke, 32.7% (95% CI = 3.9-40.4). This study demonstrates that impact measurement of stroke risk factors could help devise stroke prevention and control strategies to tackle influential factors. In Thailand, hypertension control program should be a priority in middle and old age groups whereas smoking prevention should be emphasized in young people.
The Grammar of Science: Let’s ‘Log’ (Part 2)
Authors: Kaewkungwal Jaranit
Published: June 2023

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Non-pharmaceutical Control Measures in Response to a Large Cluster of Influenza A(H3N2) in a Workplace, Northeastern Thailand, August-September 2015
Authors: Nithiapinyasakul Achara , Mungaomklang Anek , Pruankratoke Unchulee , Na-Lampang Pongchan , North Claire Elizabeth , Puthavathana Pilaipan
Published: June 2023

The study reports on an epidemiological investigation of an influenza A(H3N2) outbreak which occurred in a manufacturing company in Thailand during September 2015. The workplace consisted of three buildings. Employees in building 1 did not wear protective equipment and masks while those in buildings 2 and 3 wore C-level suit for protection from chemicals inhalation. The disease spread and involved 216 (8.4%) cases from a total of 2,585 employees. Nine out of 18 throat swab samples were found to have influenza A(H3N2) virus. Influenza illness mostly occurred in building 1, with attack rate of 22%. The investigation revealed that the first case possibly contacted the disease from a family member and spread it among employees through direct contact with clinically active cases, and sharing of hand towels in the company toilets. The study emphasized practical control measures, particularly in health education and strong policy regulations in the workplace. It enforced all employees in building 1 to wear masks which lead to the successful control of the outbreak within 10 days without using oseltamivir post-exposure prophylaxis. The event-based surveillance system should be implemented in every workplace for outbreak detection as well as for rapid response.
A Large Scabies Outbreak at a Prison in Southern Thailand, April – August 2017
Authors: Limsuwan Nisa , Salakij Bhurinud , Thanajirasak Suppakrit , Thammawijaya Panithee
Published: June 2023

Scabies is a neglected contagious skin disease and mostly occurs in crowded environment. After an increase in scabies cases at a prison, an investigation team was deployed. The objectives were to describe the epidemiological characteristics of cases, identify risk factors for infection and implement control measures. We defined a scabies confirmed case as a person with at least one itchy skin lesion, and diagnosed as scabies by both a physician and a dermatologist. We inspected the prison environment and observed sanitation practices. A case-control study was conducted among male inmates to identify risk factors for scabies. The overall attack rate was 29.4% among inmates. All 251 confirmed cases were typical scabies and 250 were male. The environmental inspection revealed poor hygiene and overcrowded at men’s zones. Sharing a bedroom (Adjusted odds ratio AOR = 9.72, 95% CI = 5.33-17.73) and sharing clothes with cases (AOR = 3.61, 95% CI = 1.66-7.84) were significantly associated with having scabies. After interventions of setting scabies surveillance, separation of new comers, universal treatment for all inmates, and disinfection of bedrooms, bedding and clothes with detergents, no more new cases were found. Improving sanitation especially in bedrooms, enhancing scabies detection, and early interventions after case detection could help prevent scabies outbreak in prisons.
Epidemiological Trends of Malaria in Eastern Shan State, Myanmar 2000-2016
Authors: Thet Ba Soe , Swaddiwudhipong Witaya , Thimasarn Krongthong , Thi Aung , Soe Than Naing , Lin Zaw
Published: June 2023

Malaria is a priority communicable disease in Eastern Shan State (ESS) of Myanmar. This study aimed to describe the malaria situation, epidemiology and treatment services in ESS during 2000-2016. Data from township malaria monthly reports in ESS during 2000-2016 were analyzed by time, place, person, species and treatment services. Malaria morbidity, mortality and case-fatality rate decreased from 25.0 to 3.7 per 1,000 population, 15.0 to 0.2 per 100,000 population and 4.6% to 1.3%, respectively, during 2000-2016. The male to female ratio was 3:2 and those over 15 years old constituted 60% of all cases. The number of cases declined by 88% and 99% among those younger than 5 years of age and pregnant women, respectively. During 2011-2016, the case detection rate increased from 2% to 12%, and 94% of blood examinations used a rapid diagnostic test. Plasmodium vivax (63%) was the most prevalent parasite species, followed by Plasmodium falciparum (33%) while mixed parasites accounted for 4% of all infections. Non-government-controlled areas contributed more than 80% of cases between 2013 and 2016. Remarkable reductions in malaria morbidity and mortality in ESS followed improvements in early detection, appropriate treatment and effective vector control. However, the overwhelming contribution on caseload in non-government-controlled areas remain a challenge for the elimination of malaria in Myanmar.
A Report of Effective Intervention Strategies Conducted by Non-Health Sectors
Authors: Phonsuk Payao , Suphanchaimat Rapeepong
Published: June 2023

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the main leading cause of global mortality. Several causes of NCDs emerge from social and commercial determinants of health. Many of these causes cannot be tackled by the health sector alone. Most of data in this report were collected from the preparatory meeting of the Prince Mahidol Award Conference (PMAC) 2019, under the theme 'Political Economy of NCDs: A Whole Society Approach' with the main objective to accelerate implementation of NCDs prevention and control around the world. This paper concluded examples of NCD interventions that were presented at the conference. The article demonstrates how the non-health sectors can take a pivotal role in NCDs prevention. The key non-health sectors include, but are not limited to, the Ministry of Finance, private enterprises, communities and media. Public policies such as taxation on unhealthy commodities like alcohol, tobacco, and sugar sweetened beverages, helps reduce consumption of these products. Company’s voluntary policy to provide a lactation room in the workplace presents a strong vision of balancing company profits and well-being of the employees. Community intervention helps engage all relevant stakeholders to take part in NCDs prevention. The role of media is one of the powerful strategies to raise awareness in the population. These exemplified interventions have established ideas on how multi-sectoral actions are one of the key players that help topple down NCDs crisis in Thailand.
Behavioral and Environmental Factors Associated with an Influenza Outbreak in a Prison of Thailand
Authors: Wongsanuphat Suphanat , Wonghirundecha Thanachol , Boonwisat Peewara , Kerdsalung Kawinna , Ploddi Kritchavat , Sawangjaeng Itsarate , Kongcha Kanchana , Midtrapanon Supaporn , Ananthawan Pimthai , Yingyong Thitipong , Thammawijaya Panithee
Published: June 2023

Influenza is a highly contagious disease. Due to a high number of reported cases with influenza-like illnesses at a prison, a joint investigation by the Department of Disease Control and local public health teams was conducted to confirm the reports and implement control measures. Suspected influenza cases were defined as a prison inmate or officer who developed fever with coughing and/or a sore throat. A confirmed case was a suspected case with a nasopharyngeal swab testing positive for influenza by RT-PCR. The prison environment and health practices were observed. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among prisoners to determine factors associated with influenza diagnosis. Pearson’s correlation between the attack rate in each area and inmate density was calculated. The overall attack rate was 12.7% (326/346) and 16 out of 19 tested positive for influenza A (H1N1) pandemic 2009. Vaccine effectiveness among prisoners who had history of influenza vaccination more than or equal to 2 weeks and less than 2 weeks prior to the outbreak was 25.9% and 13.8%, respectively. Sleeping near a case (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.62-8.00), working near cases (adjusted OR=3.39, 95% CI: 1.59-7.22), and sharing cigarettes with other cases (adjusted OR=2.46, 95% CI: 1.15-4.56) were significant risk factors. A strong correlation between attack rate and area density was found (r=0.68, P-value=0.025). Rapid transmission and high attack rates were probably attributable to overcrowded conditions. Expanded provision of vaccination in prisons should be implemented.
Field Evaluation of the Syphilis Surveillance System at Mae Sot Hospital, Tak Province, Thailand
Authors: Aung Yu Nandar , Htike Ni Win , Kyi Min Myo , Piankusol Chanodom , Terlmizi Sahrol Azmi , Sreang Kosal , Chantian Thanawadee , Sagarasearanee Onpirun , Sangkharak Bencharong , Simanjuntak Purnama Martha Oktavia , Yueayai Khanuengnij , Suphanchaimat Rapeepong , Setapura Pitikhun , Rattanathumsakul Thanit
Published: June 2023

Evaluation of the syphilis surveillance system was conducted at Mae Sot Hospital, Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand during 13-16 Aug 2019. The objectives of the evaluation were to describe the usefulness and to evaluate the performance of the system. A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the reporting system of syphilis. Medical records were reviewed from all possible data sources. Semi-structured questionnaires were used for in-depth interviews with a policy maker, health care providers, laboratory technicians and information and technology personnel. The sensitivity of reporting syphilis cases into Thailand's national notifiable disease surveillance reporting system was about 67%, while the positive predictive value of reporting was reached 100%. The data quality of reporting reached almost 100%. The reported data represented the true cases in terms of sex and age. The majority of participants found the reporting system of syphilis cases to be useful, acceptable, simple and stable. The majority of missed reported cases were migrants. Incomplete diagnosis and coding were key concerns. The Epidemiology Unit at the hospital should analyze Thai and foreign cases separately to represent the true situation in the border area. Cooperation amongst within-hospital units for better capture of syphilis cases in hospital is recommended.
An Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) among Healthcare Personnel in a Private Hospital Related to Delayed Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Foci
Authors: Saksirisampan Borimas , Rodsuk Thanya , Nittayasoot Natthaprang , Plernprom Patchanee , Samphao Ratchayapat , Pingkan Paratthakorn , Jiraphongsa Chuleeporn , Suphanchaimat Rapeepong , Thananun Sirima , Mungoomglang Anek
Published: June 2023

Healthcare personnel are front-line workers for disease prevention and control. On 6 Apr 2020, the Department of Disease Control received a notification on a cluster of healthcare personnel in a private hospital infected with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The event was investigated and a cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the cluster, including risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. A confirmed COVID-19 case was a person with SARS-CoV-2 virus tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in one reference laboratory; and a probable COVID-19 case was a person who died of pneumonia in the hospital, did not tested for COVID-19, and had an epidemiological linkage to a confirmed case. Among total 2,287 healthcare personnel working at the hospital, 25 were confirmed cases (attack rate 1.1%). Although the attack rate was relatively low, the specific attack rate in the inpatient ward was high (32.4%) due to delayed outbreak detection. Analytic results suggested that attending infection prevention and control (IPC) training was a protective factor for COVID-19 (Odds ratio 0.04, 95% CI 0.00-0.64). In addition, a survey on personal protective equipment (PPE) showed that 66.7% of those conducting sputum suction/drug nebulization and 83.9% of those performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation used inappropriate PPE. Therefore, IPC training, including appropriate use of PPE, should be provided to all healthcare personnel. In addition, healthcare personnel should be alert for COVID-19 infection, and protect themselves according to the standard protocols. Routine screening of healthcare personnel should be performed during the COVID-19 epidemic.
Non-AIDS-related Comorbidities among People Living with HIV Aged 50 Years and Older: A Cross-sectional Study at Hua Hin Hospital, 2018-2019
Authors: Duriyaprapan Pornchanan
Published: June 2023

With the success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV-infected individuals are living longer and, as a consequence, are experiencing an increasing number of and more varied age-related comorbidities. Nevertheless, there are limited data regarding the profile of these chronic comorbidities among aging people living with HIV in Thailand. We therefore aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of non-AIDS related comorbidities in this population. A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing an electronic medical record database from the HIV clinic at Hua Hin Hospital. We assessed the prevalence of chronic comorbidities among HIV patients aged at least 50 years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with multimorbidity. Among 307 HIV patients, nearly half (49.2%) had at least 1 comorbidity and multimorbidity was present in 22.5% of the patients. The most common comorbidities were dyslipidemia (33.9%), hypertension (21.5%) and diabetes (8.1%). Age (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06-1.18), duration of HIV infection (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04-1.19), body mass index (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.19) and stavudine-containing regimens (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.46-5.90) were associated with multimorbidity. The finding underscores a significant burden of non-AIDS-related comorbidities in aging HIV patients. Given the complexity of clinical care in this population, a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach is of paramount importance to optimize overall health outcomes.
The Proficiency Level of Microscopists Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis at Government Health Clinics in Three Selected States of Malaysia, 2009-2010
Authors: Kamaludin Fadzilah , Ganeswrie R , Loe Y K , Teh C H , Suzana H
Published: June 2023

Sputum smear microscopy is the cornerstone of diagnosing infectious tuberculosis. The presence of microscopic errors may misclassify or misdiagnose cases as non-cases, or vice versa. Substandard performance will compromise the efforts to detect tuberculosis and complicate measures to control. This study aimed to determine the proficiency of microscopists at three selected government health clinics in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009-2010. Three states were selected based on their high sputum positivity rate. All microscopists were enrolled and instructed to stain and grade a set of seven predetermined densities of mycobacilli slides. Two independent raters assessed their readings. A total of 100 microscopists and 700 slides were tested. 88.2% of slides were in agreement, with sensitivity of 83.8%, specificity of 94.3%, positive predictive value of 95.2% and false negativity rate of 18.7%. From the low positive slides, 27.5% were graded as negative. Two-third of microscopists achieved the accepted grading proficiency and 37% were scored as good staining. There was a need to intensify training on smear microscopy if the gateway for diagnosing TB in Malaysia was smear microscopy.
An Outbreak of Gastrointestinal Illness Associated with Khmer Noodles: A Multipronged Investigative Approach, Kandal Province, Cambodia, June 2014
Authors: Kimsean Panha , Sreng Kosal , Has Phalmony , Ly Sowath , Sim Sansam , Chhay Sokheng , Prak Dara , Bun Sreng
Published: June 2023

Food safety is a high priority for the Cambodian Ministry of Health, with standard operational procedures for foodborne diseases: intersectoral outbreak investigations and response finalized in 2015. On 29 Jun 2014, Kandal Provincial Health Department reported 143 patients with acute gastrointestinal illness, and 28 out of them were hospitalized. The number of patients increased to 215 within hours of the first report. A case-control study was conducted as well as laboratory testing, and an environmental survey to investigate the outbreak and institute necessary control measures. Three villages were randomly selected due to the provincial-wide distribution of the cases. A total of 37 cases and 36 controls were identified. Cases predominantly reported vomiting (97.3%) and diarrhea (75.7%). Consumption of Khmer noodles on 29 Jun 2014 was strongly associated with the illness (OR = 71.0, 95% CI = 8.6-582.2). Laboratory testing of food samples revealed Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, which was consistent with the epidemiological and clinical findings. The investigation revealed the source as a sole local noodle producer and distributer. Environmental investigation of the noodle factory demonstrated multiple sources of contamination. The factory was temporarily shut down, and the team recommended destroying the remaining noodles. Local authorities were recommended to conduct regular inspection of the noodle factory.
Some Thoughts on the Proliferation of International Courts and Tribunals
Authors: Lamm Vanda
Published: June 2023

In the second half of the 20th century and in the first decades of the 21st century not only further international courts and tribunals resolving traditional interstate disputes have been set up, but new types of international courts as well. The functioning of the new courts contributes to the peaceful settlement of disputes between States, the international protection of human rights, the reinforcement of regional economic cooperation and they also ensure to hold to account perpetrators of the gravest international crimes, in summary, they promote the prevalence of the rule of law in international law.
Néhány gondolat a párhuzamos kártérítési igények törvényi kizárásáról
Authors: Pusztahelyi Réka
Published: June 2023

Fazekas Judit Professzor Asszony gazdag munkásságának viszonylag frissebb eleme az új Ptk. által bevezetett, a párhuzamos kártérítési igények kizárását kimondó ún. non-cumul szabály problémaköre vizsgálata. Az Ünnepelt ide kapcsolódó gondolatait többek között az Állandóság és változás című tanulmánykötetben, „A kontraktuális és deliktuális felelősség viszonya az új Polgári Törvénykönyvben” című munkájában rögzítette. Jelen rövid tanulmányban az ott megfogalmazott kritikára kívánok reflektálni, a hazai szakirodalom tükrében és a bírói gyakorlatból kiragadott egy-egy konkrét döntés elemzése által.
A földrajzi származásra utaló megjelölések fogyasztóvédelmi szempontú megítélése a védjegyjogban
Authors: Szalai Péter
Published: June 2023

A tanulmány a földrajzi származásra utaló megjelölések védjegyjogi oltalomképességével foglalkozik. Abból a szempontból tekinti át a Szellemi Tulajdon Nemzeti Hivatalának gyakorlatát, hogy az jellemzően mely esetekben és miért ítélte meg lajstromozási akadályként azt a helyzetet, amikor a bejelentett megjelölések a fogyasztók számára a megjelöléssel jelölt termékek földrajzi kötődésre utalnak.
A teokráciáról mint államformáról
Authors: Takács Péter
Published: June 2023

A tanulmány a teokrácia mint uralmi forma (államforma) jelentését elemzi. Azt mutatja be, hogy a fogalom történetében három fő korszakot különböztethetünk meg. Az először legitimációs célokat szolgált, aztán az állami intézmények felépítésével volt kapcsolatban, majd az összehasonlító alkotmánytan kategóriája lett, melyet az állam–egyház viszony tanulmányozása során használnak.
Gondolatok a munkáltatói kárfelelősség szabályrendszeréről
Authors: Trenyisán Máté
Published: June 2023

A munkavállalót ért károsító körülményekért való felelősség szabályai egy komplex és összetett szabályrendszert alkotnak, amelyben egyszerre vannak jelen munkajogi, munkavédelmi jogi, társadalombiztosítási jogi és felelősségbiztosítási jogi szabályok. Amikor a munkáltató felelősségét és a felelősségi szabályrendszer hatékonyságát vizsgáljuk, óhatatlanul ki kell térnünk az előbb említett négy jogágra és azok egymáshoz való kapcsolódási pontjaira. A munkáltatói felelősség szabályrendszere kapcsán az egyes országok szabályozási megközelítését megvizsgálva látható, hogy kétféle szabályozási szisztéma, másként fogalmazva, modell létezik: a kártérítési és a kompenzációs modell.
Fogyasztóvédelem a biztosított szemüvegén át – különös tekintettel a csoportos biztosításra
Authors: Ujváriné Antal Edit
Published: June 2023

Jelen tanulmány célja annak vizsgálata, hogyan alakul a biztosított jogi védelme akkor, ha olyan szerződés alanyává válik, amely – a szerződést kötő alanyra tekintettel – nem minősül fogyasztói biztosítási szerződésnek. Ez a jogi helyzet alapvetően a csoportos biztosításoknál jelentkezik, amelyben – a jogviszony sajátos szerkezete folytán – a biztosított nem tudja teljeskörűen élvezni az alapvetően magánjogi szabályokban megjelenő, fokozottabb jogi védelmet jelentő – kógens vagy egyoldalúan kógens – fogyasztóvédelmi normákat.
Az autonóm járművek biztosításának hatása a termelésre és a logisztikára
Authors: Vermes Attila
Published: June 2023

A termelés és logisztika immanens sajátosságai miatt ténylegesen bekövetkezett károk adott esetben eltörpülhetnek az elmaradt haszon mellett, ami szinte nélkülözhetetlenné teszi az üzemszünet-biztosítási szerződések megkötését. A nagyvállalati biztosítási programok jellemzően foglalkoznak a kiberkockázatokkal, hiszen ezek az új típusú biztosítási események a teljes gyártási kapacitást blokkolni tudják az adatok, programsorok minimális (pár karakteres) módosításával. Újra kell gondolni a kármegelőzési és kárenyhítési kötelezettségek felsorolását a biztosítási jogszabályokban és a piacon lévő biztosítótársaságok biztosítási szabályzataiban, pl. a szoftverfrissítés kötelezővé tétele különösen fontos lehet a kockázatkezelésben. Legalább ennyire fontos az ellátási lánc megszakadásának kockázata, hiszen a drónok, önvezető járművek elterjedésével egy apró hiba járművek egész seregének meghibásodását idézheti elő, ami a globális világgazdaságban rendszerszintű kockázatot jelent.
Jual Beli Hasil Perkebunan dengan Sistem Tebasan Di Desa Karoya, Cipicung, Kabupaten Kuningan
Authors: Hidayat Endang Mukhlis
Published: June 2023

Salah satu sistem jual beli yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Karoya adalah dengan menggunakan sistem tebasan. Pada prakteknya penjual dan pembeli telah bersepakat mengenai harga barang yang akan diperjual belikan. Kemudian jual beli tersebut masih belum jelas keberadaan barangnya, sehingga antara penjual dan pembeli belum mengetahui bagaimana keadaan dan sifat barang yang akan diperjualbelikan. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan jual beli perkebunan sistem tebasan yang terjadi di Desa Karoya, Kecamatan Cipicung, Kabupaten Kuningan dan tinjauannya dalam hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan (field reserch) dan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini pertama jual beli hasil perkebunan dengan sistem tebasan di Desa Karoya, sistem penetapan harganya disesuaikan dengan kondisi buah dan mengikuti harga pasar serta adanya kesepakatan antara penjual dan pembeli. Kedua, ditinjau dari hukum Islam praktek jual beli hasil perkebunan dengan sistem tebasan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Karoya yaitu dengan demikian praktek jual beli hasil perkebunan dengan sistem tebasan tersebut adalah tidak sah jika ditinjau dari hukum Islam. Karena terindikasi adanya ketidakjelasan (gharar) dalam penetuan harganya.
Đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng ở bệnh nhân hồi sức tích cực có rối loạn đông máu tại Bệnh viện Thống Nhất Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Đỗ Văn Tài Đỗ Văn Tài , Trần Đại Thuận Trần Đại Thuận
Published: June 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Rối loạn đông máu trên bệnh nhân (BN) hồi sức là một biến chứng nặng dễ dẫn đến tử vong. Cần chẩn đoán sớm và kịp thời tìm ra nguyên nhân gây rối loạn đông máu để điều trị hợp lý, tích cực nhằm giảm thiểu tử vong cũng như tiên lượng sự tiến triển xấu của bệnh nhân. Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng bệnh nhân hồi sức cấp cứu có rối loạn đông máu. Tìm hiểu mối tương quan giữa lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng của bệnh nhân hồi sức có rối loạn đông máu. Thiết kế nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang và phân tích. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: xét nghiệm các nồng độ đông máu được thực hiện trên 71 bệnh nhân hồi sức có rối loạn đông máu trong từ 2/2020 - 7/2020. Kết quả: Qua nghiên cứu 71 BN hồi sức rối loạn đông máu thấy nam bị mắc bệnh nhiều hơn nữ và có khác biệt giữa 2 giới là do một số yếu tố nguy cơ ở nam có nhiều hơn nữ như uống nhiều rượu, hút thuốc lá… làm tăng tình trạng rối loạn đông máu trên nền bệnh lý nặng. Tỷ lệ mắc bệnh nam/nữ bằng 1.4. Tuổi mắc bệnh trung bình của rối loạn đông máu là 67.4 ± 2.4. Tỷ lệ mắc bệnh có xu hướng tăng dần từ lứa tuổi 60 trở lên, nhóm tuổi từ 80 - 89 có tỷ lệ cao nhất 23.9%. Kết luận: Bệnh tăng dần theo nhóm tuổi, nhóm tuổi trên 60 chiếm tỷ lệ cao tăng dần (18.3%), nhóm tuổi 80 - 89 chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất nhất (23.9%). Nam mắc bệnh rối loạn đông máu cao hơn nữ, nam (59.2%) và nữ (40.8%).
Vai trò của MicroRNA-1290 tuần hoàn ngoại bào trong sàng lọc ung thư: báo cáo tổng hợp y văn và phân tích gộp
Authors: Lê Tuấn Anh Lê Tuấn Anh
Published: June 2023

Đặt vấn đề: MicroRNA-1290 (miR-1290) tuần hoàn ngoại bào là dấu ấn tiềm năng trong sàng lọc ung thư. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu này nhằm tổng hợp y văn và phân tích gộp để làm rõ khả năng chẩn đoán của miR-1290. Đối tượng và Phương pháp: Dữ liệu nghiên cứu gốc từ cơ sở dữ liệu PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library và Google Scholar được sử dụng để phân tích gộp, ước tính giá trị dưới đường cong ROC (AUC), tỷ suất chênh chẩn đoán (DOR), độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu của miR-1290. Kết quả: 19 nghiên cứu với 2,720 trường hợp (1,578 ung thư, 1,142 đối chứng) được chọn vào phân tích. Giá trị AUC, DOR, độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu của miR-1290 trong sàng lọc ung thư lần lượt đạt 0.883 (95%CI: 0.839 - 0.891), 23.8 (95%CI: 16.5 - 34.3), 77.1% (95%CI: 70.7- 82.4) và 89.5% (95%CI: 85.2 - 92.7). Tỷ số khả dĩ dương tính (PLR) và âm tính (NLR) đạt 6.04 và 0.33. Sau khi hiệu chỉnh nguy cơ sai lệch do xuất bản, chỉ số DOR đạt 16.5 (95%CI: 10.5 - 25.8). Độ đồng thuận chỉ số DOR cao sau khi loại trừ ba báo cáo với giá trị ngoại vi (I2 = 20.6%, P = 0.204). Kết luận: miR-1290 tuần hoàn ngoại bào có thể sử dụng trong sàng lọc ung thư với hiệu suất chẩn đoán tốt, độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu ở mức chấp nhận được.
Nghiên cứu tình trạng kháng insulin trên bệnh nhân tiền đái tháo đường có tăng huyết áp bằng mô hình HOMA2- IR
Authors: Nguyễn Chí Thanh Nguyễn Chí Thanh , Lê Hữu Hoàng Lê Hữu Hoàng , Nguyễn Văn Trung Nguyễn Văn Trung
Published: June 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Tiền đái tháo đường ( TĐTĐ) ngày càng trở nên phổ biến, và gây ra nhiều biến chứng tim mạch, nhất là khi có tăng huyết áp kèm theo. Cơ chế bệnh sinh chủ yếu là do tình trạng đề kháng insulin. Mô hình HOMA2-IR có thể đánh giá chính xác tình trạng đề kháng insulin trên đối tượng này. Hiện nay chưa có nhiều nghiên cứu áp dụng mô hình này trên nhóm bệnh nhân tiền đái tháo đường có tăng huyết áp. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Khảo sát nồng độ Insulin, chỉ số kháng Insulin theo HOMA2-IR trên bệnh nhân tiền đái tháo đường có tăng huyết áp. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang trên bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán tiền đái tháo đường theo ADA 2022 có tăng huyết áp, được nghiệm Glucose và Insulin máu lúc đói. Chỉ số kháng Insulin theo mô hình HOMA2-IR được xác định dựa trên cặp insulin – Glucose, có so sánh với nhóm chứng khỏe mạnh. Kết quả: Nồng độ insulin (µIU/ml) trên 3 nhóm đối tượng nghiên cứu: người bình thường, TĐTĐ, TĐTĐ có tăng huyết áp lần lượt theo thứ tự: 8.14± 1.46; 18.6±2.54, 21.6±2.97. Song song đó, chỉ số kháng insulin theo mô hình HOMA2IR ở nhóm TĐTĐ có THA là cao nhất, 1.98 ±0.25. Kết luận: có sự gia tăng tình trạng kháng insulin trên nhóm bệnh nhân nghiên cứu, theo đó nồng độ insulin và chỉ số kháng insulin theo HOMA2-IR nhóm TĐTĐ có THA là cao nhất, kế đến là nhóm TĐTĐ, sự khác biệt này có ý nghĩa thống kê.
Đặc điểm thực vật học cây Đậu biếc (Clitoria ternatea L. (Fabaceae))
Authors: Lý Hồng Hương Hạ Lý Hồng Hương Hạ , Nguyễn Thế Nhựt Nguyễn Thế Nhựt , Nguyễn Thị Hồng Yến Nguyễn Thị Hồng Yến , Trần Hà Quốc Huy Trần Hà Quốc Huy , Nguyễn Thành Đạt Nguyễn Thành Đạt , Nguyễn Phương Thanh Nhã Nguyễn Phương Thanh Nhã , Trần Trung Trĩnh Trần Trung Trĩnh
Published: June 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Cây Đậu biếc – Clitoria ternatea L. thuộc Đậu (Fabaceae), có nguồn gốc từ Đông Nam Á và phân bố rộng khắp nơi. Hiện nay, các nghiên cứu về thực vật học của loài vẫn còn nhiều hạn chế. Do đó, nghiên cứu được thực hiện để cung cấp các đặc điểm chi tiết hơn về hình thái, cấu trúc giải phẫu và cấu tử ở bột dược liệu của cây Đậu biếc ở Việt Nam để góp phần kiểm nghiệm dược liệu Đậu biếc ở Việt Nam. Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu đặc điểm hình thái, đặc điểm vi học, thành phần hóa thực vật của cây Đậu biếc và sơ bộ hoạt tính chống oxy hóa trên bảng mỏng. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: cây Đậu biếc tại vườn thực vật của Trường Đại học Quốc tế Hồng Bàng, nghiên cứu đặc điểm thực vật học bằng phương pháp hình thái và phương pháp giải phẫu. Soi bột dược liệu bằng kính hiển vi. Phân tích sơ bộ thành phần hóa thực vật bằng phương pháp Ciuley cải tiến. Khảo sát sơ bộ hoạt tính chống oxy hóa của các dịch chiết từ hoa cây Đậu biếc bằng phương pháp DPPH trên bảng mỏng. Kết quả: Đã xác định được đặc điểm thực vật học của cây Đậu biếc trên cơ sở khảo sát, đồng thời xác định và phân tích các đặc điểm giải phẫu các bộ phận của cây mà các nghiên cứu khác chưa có. Ngoài ra còn xác định sơ bộ về hoạt tính chống oxy hóa của các dịch chiết chloroform, ethyl acetat và ethanol 70%. Kết luận: Nghiên cứu về đặc điểm thực vật học đã cung cấp một cách chi tiết và minh họa rõ nét về đặc điểm bên ngoài và cấu tạo bên trong cây Đậu biếc cho các loài thực vật Việt Nam. Khả năng dịch chiết ethyl acetat có hoạt tính chống oxy hóa cao nhất.
Một số loại trái cây đậm màu chứa chất chống oxy hóa - Polyphenol
Authors: Phạm Thị Ngọc Phương Phạm Thị Ngọc Phương , Lưu Lương Nhất Tường Vân Lưu Lương Nhất Tường Vân
Published: June 2023

Trái cây màu đỏ, là thực phẩm giàu chất chống oxy hóa, đã trở nên quan trọng trong những năm gần đây đối với người tiêu dùng và nhà sản xuất. Việc chiết xuất công nghiệp các phân tử phenolic từ nguồn này đã được thực hiện với phương pháp chiết xuất dung môi thông thường. Các phương pháp không thông thường mới đã được phát minh ra như những lựa chọn thay thế thân thiện với môi trường cho phương pháp cũ. Do lượng dữ liệu có sẵn quá nhiều, nên chỉ bao gồm các kết quả đề cập đến quả mọng, bỏ qua các bộ phận khác của thực vật như rễ, thân hoặc thậm chí chồi và hoa. Một số nhà nghiên cứu đã thu hút sự chú ý đến hiệu quả của các phương pháp chiết xuất phi thông thường, đạt được kết quả tương tự hoặc thậm chí tốt hơn bằng cách sử dụng các kỹ thuật mới này. Một số thử nghiệm quy mô thí điểm đã được thực hiện, chứng thực khả năng áp dụng các phương pháp thay thế xanh cho quy mô công nghiệp. Quả việt quất (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) và quả việt quất đen (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) nổi lên như những loại quả có hàm lượng và khả năng chống oxy hóa cao nhất. Tuy nhiên, một số loại quả mọng mới và sắp ra mắt đang được chú ý do sự sẵn có trên toàn cầu và hàm lượng anthocyanin tăng cao. Các loại trái cây màu sẫm có chứa một loại polyphenol và chống oxy hóa gọi là axit ellogic cũng có tác dụng bảo vệ tim mạch. Polyphenol hoạt động như chất chống oxy hóa trong cơ thể, giúp bảo vệ cơ thể và trung hòa các gốc tự do gây hại cho tế bào. Các gốc tự do là các phân tử oxy có phản ứng cao được tạo ra bởi các quá trình tế bào bình thường và các yếu tố bên ngoài như bức xạ, ô nhiễm không khí, hút thuốc và tiếp xúc với hóa chất. Các trái cây mà có chứa nhiều polyphenol bao gồm: việt quất, dâu tây, quả mâm xôi, nho, quả anh đào , bưởi, cam, đào, ô liu, lựu…Mục tiêu nghiên cứu nhằm tìm ra một số loại trái cây có hàm lượng polyphenol cao nhằm phục vụ công tác chữa bệnh trong tương lai.Bài viết cho người đọc thêm nhiều góc nhìn về việc lựa chọn trái cây đậm màu dựa theo hàm lượng polyphenol và những yếu tố góp phần như giá cả, độ phủ sóng trên thị trường tiêu dùng hiện nay.
ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL PRICE VARIATION IN MAIZE AND SORGHUM MARKETING IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Uchendu, Charles. U.  , Murtala, N.  , Haruna, U.
Published: June 2023

The study analyzed spatial price variation in maize and sorghum marketing in Kaduna State. The data set for this analysis was monthly average secondary prices from 1999-2015. Data was analyzed using Augmented Dicker Fuller (ADF) test and Cointegration test and was performed using Stata 14.2 version of software. The results of the analysis showed that prices were found to be stationary at level and first difference and there is co-integration between the reference market and other markets. The equilibrium relationship between the price of maize and sorghum in Saminaka market and other markets was found to be positive. The speed of adjustment to the long run for sorghum between Saminaka-Giwa, Saminaka-Makarfi, and Saminaka-Godogodo was -1.08, -0.98 and -1.03 respectively, while that of maize was -1.98, -1.56, and -1.02. Implying that variation in prices are fully transmitted within a period of one month. It is recommended that government should ensure improvement of the operational environment of the marketers thereby drastically reducing transfer cost involved in the movement of grains across spatially separated markets.
ROLE OF DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN YOUTH EMPOWERMENT IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Andrew Chiahalam Apeh  , Chikamso Christian Apeh  , Fomati Usman Tikon  , Anthony NwaJesus Onyekuru
Published: June 2023

The study explored the role of digital entrepreneurship in youth empowerment in Enugu State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select 900 respondents studied; 300 from the markets and 600 from the tertiary institutions. Data were collected through questionnaire and analysed using means and percentages. Results indicated that while digital entrepreneurship represents new ways that entrepreneurs adopt in making their business digital, it positively contributed to youth empowerment and national growth through job creation (M=3.35) and improved tax remittances (100%). Youths were engaged in the use of two major platforms; collaboration (WhatsApp, Skype, Zoom) (100%) and social platforms (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, Pinterest) (100%). For income generation through content creation (29%) web creation (20%), digital marketing (15%) crypto trading (12%), and app development (11%). These activities empower them by making them self-employed (M = 4.04), wealthy (M = 3,74), have more business networks (M = 3.44), access to markets (M = 3.82) and knowledge enhancement (M = 3.02). However, factors militating against their engagement in digital entrepreneurship were lack of capital (M = 4.26), interest (M = 4.03), information (M = 3.95) and electricity (M = 3.84). Therefore, the positive use of digital platforms by the youths can help empower them by developing their career, skills and well-being.
Sudden cardiac death in mitochondrial diseases
Authors: Tenhaeff Lackschewitz P. , Molina Aguilar P. , Mancheño Franch N. , Zorio Grima E.
Published: June 2023

Mitochondrial diseases (MD) constitute a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders that result from the dysfunction of the final common pathway of energy metabolism. The responsible mutation can be found in genes encoded in nuclear DNA or in mitochondrial DNA, causing differences in the clinical presentation and inheritance pattern. Most of these diseases have a multisystemic impact, mainly affecting tissues with a high oxidative energy requirement (heart muscle, skeletal muscle, and brain, for instance). Although death in DM is usually related to the clinical severity of the disease, sudden cardiac death (SCD) is possible also in patients with mild manifestations or even in asymptomatic individuals. This review aims to identify reported cases of SCD in MD (either diagnosed in life or at post mortem studies) and comprehensively analyze the macroscopic and microscopic pathological features described. There are only few documented cases (27), but the lack of notable cardiac phenotypic features in some cases, their low specificity, the scarce clinical personal and family information when the autopsy is performed and the little awareness of these diseases among doctors raise the suspicion that MD are infradiagnosed and many cases remain overlooked. Definitely, a correct diagnosis requires a high level of suspicion and a multidisciplinary approach with pathological and cardiological specialized tests both in the deceased proband and in the at-risk relatives to confirm or discard DM in order to tailor the follow-up, treatment and genetic counselling.
Parameterized and validated equations of motion for a tadpole style cargo tricycle
Authors: Groß Clemens , Müller Steffen
Published: June 2023

In the past years, cargo bicycles in different configurations have gained popularity for many use cases. Their configurations differ substantially. Single-track cargo bicycles and their kinematics are linked closely to conventional bicycles. The kinematics of inverted tricycles, so-called tadpole trikes, are very different. In the final paper, we will present a novel physical model of a tadpole style cargo tricycle for the mathematical description of the driving behavior, which can be used for e.g. stability analysis or motion prediction. We will furthermore present our instrumented tadpole cargo tricycle which is used to parametrize our kinematic model and used to validate the theoretically derived equations of motion.
Monitoring Illegal Fishing Memanfaatkan Data Penginderaan Jauh Dengan Discrete Cosine Transform Dan Neural Network Backpropagation
Authors: Tari Gunawan , Parung Rivanto
Published: June 2023

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan luas lautan terbesar, sehingga dibutuhkan waktu yang tidak singkat dan tenaga yang tidak sedikit untuk mengawasi seluruh perairan Indonesia terutama untuk pengawasan perairan Indonesia dari kegiatan Illegal Fishing. Oleh karena itu pemanfaatan penginderaan jauh untuk kegiatan monitoring bisa menjadi solusi yang tepat. Monitoring kegiatan illegal fishing dilakukan dengan metode Discrete Cosine Transform untuk melakukan pendeteksian kapal dan Neural Network Backpropagation untuk analisa dan pengenalan pola-pola kapal yang melakukan illegal fishing. Pendeteksian kapal dengan Discrete Cosine Transform melalui indeks RGB kapal dari citra satelit. Dalam pengujian Discrete Cosine Transform sudah menunjukkan kemampuan untuk melakukan deteksi kapal di perairan Indonesia hingga kapal dengan ukuran <10 meter.