bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The safety and feasibility of three-dimensional visualization planning system for CT-guided microwave ablation of stage I NSCLC (diameter ≤2.5 cm): A pilot study
Authors: Hu Yanting , Xue Guoliang , Liang Xinyu , Wu Jing , Zhang Peng , Wang Nan , Li Zhichao , Cao Pikun , Wang Gang , Cai Hongchao , Wei Zhigang , Ye Xin
Published: January 2023

Background:

Microwave ablation (MWA) of lung tumors is a technique that is dependent on the ablationist’s level of expertise. The selection of the optimum puncture path and determination of appropriate ablative parameters is the key to the success and safe of the procedure. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical use of a novel three-dimensional visualization ablation planning system (3D-VAPS) for aided MWA of stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods:

This was a single-arm, single-center, retrospective study. From May 2020 to July 2022, 113 consented patients with stage I NSCLC received MWA treatment in 120 MWA sessions. The 3D-VAPS was used to determine that (1) the overlap between the gross tumor region and simulated ablation; (2) the proper posture and appropriate puncture site on the surface of the body; (3) the puncture path; and (4) presetting preliminarily ablative parameters. Patients were monitored with contrast-enhanced CT scans at 1, 3, and 6 months, as well as every 6 months following that. The primary endpoints were technical success and a complete ablation rate. Local progression-free survival (LPFS), overall survival (OS), and comorbidities were secondary study objectives.

Results:

The mean diameter of tumors was 1.9 ± 0.4 cm (range 0.9-2.5 cm). The mean duration was 5.34 ± 1.28 min (range 3.0–10.0 min). The mean power output was 42.58 ± 4.23 (range 30.0-50.0W). The median follow-up time was 19.0 months (6.0-26.0 months). The technical success rate was 100%. Three-month after the procedure, the complete ablation rate was 97.35%. 6, 9, 12, and 24 months LPFS rates were 100%, 98.23%, 98.23%, and 96.46%, respectively. One-year and 2-year OS rates were 100% and 100%. There were no patients who died both during the procedure and after the MWA of 30 days. The complications after MWA included pneumothorax (38.33%), pleural effusion (26.67%), intrapulmonary hemorrhage (31.67%), and pulmonary infection (2.50%).

Conclusions:

This research describes and confirms that 3D-VAPS is a feasibility and safe method for MWA of stage I NSCLC treatment. 3D-VAPS may be helpful to optimize the puncture path, assess reasonable ablative parameters, and minimize complications.
WHO-PEN intervention in Iran's health system based on 5As healthy lifestyle counseling model: A randomized-clinical trial
Authors: Amini Najmolmolook , Rakhshanderou Sakineh , Ramezankhani Ali , Delavari Alireza , Ghaffari Mohtasham
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Skill Training Intervention Based on the Healthy Lifestyle Counselling Module (5As model) in the Ira PEN Program.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This study was a randomized controlled trial in Iran. Participants were 184 health workers and 184 clients (92 in each study group). The training program entailed an online training course, educational video, and clip. The behavior related to a healthy lifestyle in clients was also followed-up 2 months later. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software.

RESULTS:

Based on the observations, significant improvement in lifestyle counseling skills among health workers in the intervention group compared to the control group in terms of healthy nutrition (P < 0.001), physical activity (P < 0.001), smoking cessation (P = 0.03), and withdrawal of alcohol consumption (P < 0.001) was observed. Also, lifestyle-related behaviors among clients in terms of healthy nutrition (P < 0.001), physical activity (P < 0.001), and withdrawal smoking (P < 0.001) increased significantly. Furthermore, waist circumference (P < 0.024) and BMI (P < 0.001) among clients were significantly reduced.

CONCLUSION:

The training program for health personnel in healthy lifestyle has a more effective role in changing people's behavior and prevention of noncommunicable risk factors. Healthy life style counselling in primary health cares may lead to control risk factors for Noncommunicable disease.
Pregnant women's experiences of well-being in high-risk pregnancy: A qualitative study
Authors: Mirzakhani Kobra , Ebadi Abbas , Faridhosseini Farhad , Khadivzadeh Talat
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Physical changes in high-risk pregnancy (HRP) can lead to changes in mood and social relationships and negative effects on women's well-being. Individuals in different sociocultural contexts have different perceptions of well-being. Yet, there is limited information about perceptions of well-being in HRP. This study aimed to explore the Iranian women's experiences of well-being in HRP.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This qualitative study was conducted in 2019–2020 through directed content analysis based on the conceptual framework of well-being in HRP. Participants were 26 women with HRP purposively recruited from public and private healthcare settings in Mashhad, Iran. Face-to-face semistructured interviews were held for data collection until data saturation. Data were analyzed through directed content analysis proposed by Elo and kyngäs (2008) and were managed using the MAXQDA (v. 10) program.

RESULTS:

Well-being in HRP had seven attributes in the five main dimensions of physical, mental-emotional, social, marital, and spiritual well-being. The seven attributes of well-being in HRP were controlled physical conditions, controlled mood, emotions, and affections, perceived threat, self-efficacy, and competence for multiple role performance, maintained social relationships, meaning seeking and relationship with the Creator, and positive marital relationships.

CONCLUSION:

The present study provide an in-depth understanding about well-being in the Iranian women with HRP. It is a complex and multidimensional concept with physical, mental-emotional, social, marital, and spiritual dimensions. Comprehensive multicomponent interventions are needed to promote well-being among women with HRP and designed the guidelines to provide woman-centered care.
COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and adherence among pregnant and lactating high-risk group individuals of Maharashtra State, India
Authors: Kumar Vaibhav , Patil Yashashree , Jain Romi , Bhanushali Nikhil , Gaonkar Ketaki , Ciby Jobsy
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Since the outbreak of the pandemic, the release of the COVID (Corona Virus Disease)-19 vaccine was highly anticipated. Nevertheless, vaccine availability does not symbolize the end of pandemic due to ongoing vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaccination movements. The objective of this study is to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant and lactating individuals in Maharashtra state, India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted via a hybrid approach using various digital portals such as Whatsapp, telegram, and physical distribution to those who did not have access to smartphone devices. A probability proportional sampling strategy was deployed. A pre-validated structured self-administered questionnaire tool designed by Freeman et al. 2020 (Oxford COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy scale) was used, which consisted of seven close-ended targeted and focused questions. Analysis of several survey items and vaccine acceptance was conducted using the Chi-square test.

RESULTS:

Analysis revealed that 58% of individuals were willing to take vaccines after government approval and 26% of individuals showed hesitancy toward vaccination. When compared, lactating individuals showed less vaccine hesitancy (22%) than pregnant individuals (27%). The maximum vaccine hesitancy was observed in the third trimester of pregnancy (29.5%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Trust in vaccines is a crucial factor and is dependent on the ability of the government in promoting vaccines through effective communication; this can be one of the reasons for the high level of acceptance and awareness toward COVID-19 vaccination in this study.
Multidimensional perfectionism trends among various core and allied health care professionals in a major Indian metropolitan city of Western India
Authors: Kumar Vaibhav , Anarase Sushrut , Jain Romi , Bhanushali Nikhil , Salvi Prachi , Ansari Liza
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

This exploratory study was done to assess the multidimensional perfectionism trends among various core and allied health care professionals in a major Indian metropolitan city of western India. Unlike other scales, here we considered both individual and intersubjective components of perfectionism by introducing three trait dimensions – self-oriented perfectionism, other-oriented perfectionism, and socially prescribed perfectionism.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was conducted with total sample consisting of 500 participants with the main motive of evaluation and comparison of the multidimensional perfectionism among interns of the core and allied health care professionals from fields of medicine, dentistry, ayurveda, and homeopathy residing in the major Indian metropolitan cities of western India.

RESULTS:

This study showed that under the self-oriented domain, highest mean score is of medical faculty (73.97). In other-oriented domain, dental (62.62) and homeopathy (62.38) professionals have almost similar mean. Lowest being of ayurveda (61.65) compared to the highest score of the medical fraternity (67.62). In the socially prescribed domain, medical professionals (65.53) have the highest mean though it is the lowest mean value of the medical faculty compared to other two domains. Chi-square test is applied to the data for the questions among all the three domains. Correlation has been deduced by applying Pearson's correlation to the collected data from the study. The degree of correlation between self-oriented with self-oriented is 1, self-oriented with other-oriented is 0.763, and that of self-oriented with socially oriented is 0.678.

CONCLUSION:

Medical professionals scoring maximum in self-oriented perfectionism compared to other two domains reflect their extreme personal standards. Medical professionals are followed by dental professionals in self oriented perfectionism who are demanded of perfection in their routine practice. Ayurveda and homeopathy professionals scored better in other-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism attributing to their sentiments of fulfilling the expectations and demands of others.
The effect of self-care training programs on lifestyle and breast self-examination of immigrant Afghan women
Authors: Jafari Elaha , Zarshenas Mahnaz , Toosi Monireh , Nematollahi Azar , Sayadi Mehrab
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and a major cause of mortality among women. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a key technique for early diagnosis of breast cancer, which, along with lifestyle changes, can alleviate the risk of mortality. This study aimed to examine the effect of self-care training programs on lifestyle change and BSE of immigrant Afghan women residing in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this quasi-experimental study, 140 immigrant Afghan women visiting health-care centers in Shiraz (Iran) were selected via convenience sampling during 2019–2020. The data were collected using a lifestyle questionnaire, a demographic information checklist, and a BSE checklist. Following the pretest, the experimental group received three sessions of self-care training and took the posttest 2 months after the intervention. The control group did not receive any intervention, but took the same posttest 2 months after the pretest. Data analysis was performed using paired and independent t-test and Chi-squared test in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.

RESULTS:

The post-intervention level of knowledge and performance of the experimental group significantly increased in terms of a healthy lifestyle (P < 0.001) and performance of BSE (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. The intervention also had a significant positive effect (P < 0.000) on all dimensions of lifestyle.

CONCLUSION:

Self-care training for lifestyle and BSE can promote the prevention and early diagnosis of breast cancer in immigrant Afghan women who have limited access to health care.
Unleashing the most effective oral health education intervention technique for improving the oral hygiene status and oral health knowledge in visually impaired young individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Deshpande Apurva P , Ankola Anil V , Sankeshwari Roopali , Jalihal Sagar , Bhat Deepika V , Choudhury Abhra Roy , Kumar Ram Surath , Khot Atrey Pai
Published: January 2023

Appropriate oral health education (OHE) plays a vital role in prevention of oral diseases and would bridge the gap between dentists and visually impaired individuals. Hence, this systematic review was planned with an aim to evaluate effectiveness of various OHE techniques on the oral hygiene status and oral health knowledge of visually impaired young individuals. An electronic search extended to September 30, 2020 was conducted on PubMed, Wiley, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Cochrane library, EBSCO, and Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers assessed the studies using a two-stage process; data were extracted according to PRISMA statement. Risk of bias assessment of selected studies was executed according to the study designs. Meta-analysis using the random-effects model was conducted for the outcomes for all oral health education techniques using STATASE 16.1 software. Hand and electronic search identified 3829 articles. After screening for titles and duplicates, 37 articles were retrieved, which were screened through abstract and full text. Of the 37 articles, 17 articles were included for qualitative synthesis, and out of that, 13 were for meta-analysis. Ten variations in oral health education (OHE) techniques were used in the included 17 studies to impart oral health education to visually impaired young individuals. Overall, all OHE techniques demonstrated a positive impact on oral hygiene status. The pooled overall cumulative mean difference of the oral hygiene status after imparting education in ATP, Audio, and Braille was 1.33 [1.06, 1.59], 1.76 [1.11, 2.42], and 1.96 [1.40, 2.55], respectively. An appropriate OHE technique boosts confidence in visually impaired young individuals, making the learning process an enjoyable experience. Use of either Braille or the ATP OHE technique was found to be a reliable and useful method to improve oral hygiene of visually impaired young individuals.
Impact of social media on mental health of the general population during Covid-19 pandemic: A systematic review
Authors: Phalswal Uma , Pujari Vani , Sethi Rasmita , Verma Ranjana
Published: January 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people are using social media more than usual routine because they rely on online sources to seek health information for themselves and their loved ones. The spread of inaccurate and misleading information via social media has a number of detrimental psychological effects on members of society. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the impact of social media on the mental health of the general population. An extensive systematic search was done till the last month of 2021 for collecting the evidence using the PRISMA technique. The search was mainly focused on the article leading with keywords and search engines used during the course of the study were Pubmed, Semantic Scholar, Mendeley, and Science direct. Articles for this study were selected based on the predetermined eligibility criteria and performed quality assessment by using the NHLBI quality assessment tool. Most of the studies included in this review are found fair (score between 9 and 12) quality. Out of 866 publications, 533 articles were included in the initial screening, after duplication removal 46 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 14 studies were selected for systematic review. In most of the studies, maximum participants used social media as a primary source of information. Relatively high rates of symptoms of depression (14.14% to 48.3%), anxiety (7.4% to 47.82%), and prevalence of stress increased to 37.67% are reported after exposure to social media for coverage of COVID-19 news in the general population. Risk factors of psychological distress are associated with female gender, younger age group, marital status, staying alone, and duration of exposure to mass media. Increased exposure to COVID-19 information through mass/social media is associated with highly significant levels of psychological health issues; mitigating the hazardous effect of social media exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological health of the general population is an international public health priority.
Development and validation of structured training module for healthcare workers involved in managing pediatric patients during COVID-19 pandemic using “Objective Structured Clinical Examination” (OSCE)
Authors: Pasi Rachna , Babu Thirunavukkarasu Arun , Kalidoss Vinoth Kumar
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease-19) is an ongoing pandemic. COVID vaccine administration in adults has provided some degree of protection from infection but children are still susceptible So, we have to be prepared to handle COVID-19 infection in children by training our healthcare workers by updating both their knowledge and skills. We developed a training module to train our healthcare workers in all domains of learning and also planned related assessment methods to know the effectiveness of the module.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-intervention conducted at a tertiary-level teaching medical college in southern India from July to September 2021. The training module was developed as per the “ADDIE” model of the development process module. It was further validated by five experts before implementation. In addition to the quasi-experimental method of evaluation like pre- and post-test, Observed Skill clinical examination (OSCE) had been also used as an assessment tool at the completion of training. A total of 92 participants have been trained as per this module in our tertiary-level care hospital. The association between continuous and categorical variables was assessed using an independent t-test and ANOVA, and paired t-test was used for comparing the difference between pre- and post-test scores.

RESULTS:

Pre-test scores had no association with years of experience (P = 0.803) and previous training status of participants (P = 0.350). The mean difference of pre- and post-test scores was 3.8 and it was statistically significant (P value < 0.001) A weak positive correlation between pre- and post-test was present by the Spearmen correlation test (r = 0.337). The correlation between post-test score and OSCE score does not have a significant correlation.

CONCLUSION:

Structured training module was effective in training the participants. Multimode assessment method (Pre-test, Post-test, and OSCE) is an important step to evaluate any training program as compared to only the pre- and post-test methods of evaluation.
Impact of angiotensin receptor blocker as antihypertensive in assessing mortality in patients of COVID-19: A single tertiary care center study
Authors: Acharya Sourya , Kumar Sunil , Kabra Ruchita , Patel Mansi , Phate Neha , Talwar Dhruv , Daiya Varun
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, a membrane receptor present in the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal tracts, the heart, and the kidney is the entry point for SARS-CoV-2 to enter human cells. Concerns were raised about the influence of using antihypertensive drugs like angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in individuals with COVID-19 due to its tight relationship with the ACE2 receptor. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of being on an Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) on mortality in patients consecutively diagnosed with COVID-19.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

This is the retrospective observational study done in all patients consecutively diagnosed with COVID-19 from January 2021 to June 2021. All related patient information and clinical data was retrieved from the hospitals electronic medical record system.

RESULTS:

In this study, out of 500 patients, 51 died, having mean age of 66.92 ± 10.85 years. 144 (28.8%) patients were on angiotensin receptor blockers as antihypertensive treatment, 142 (28.4%) having other antihypertensive and 214 (42.8%) were not on any treatment. Out of 51 Death 7 (4.9) patients were on ARBs, 15 ± 10.6 were on other medication [OR 2.31 (0.94–6.22, P = 0.077) univariable; OR 2.57 (1.00–7.23, P = 0.058) multivariable] and 29 ± 13.6 had no treatment at all [OR 3.07 (1.38–7.80, P = 0.010) univariable; OR 3.36 (1.41–9.08, P = 0.010) multivariable].

CONCLUSION:

Use of ARB medications for the hypertensive patients who acquire COVID-19 infection has shown protective effects of such medications on COVID-19 disease severity in the term of mortality and the mortality rate among hypertensive patients on COVID-19 with ARBs/ACE inhibitors showed significant differences as compared to other antihypertensives.
Rapid spread and high mortality due to community-acquired pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (CAP-AB) in a Covid-19 intensive care unit
Authors: Shafigh Navid , Roodneshin Fatemeh , Shafigh Elnaz , Kermany Mahtab Poor Zamany Nejat , Ziaie Shadi , Miller James , Gharehbeglou Mohammad , Masoumzadeh Niyoosha , Hasheminik Morteza , Avval Jamshid Ordoni
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter baumannii is a rare but dangerous gram-negative bacteria causing nosocomial infections, especially in intensive care units. The increased use of antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial infections leads to drug resistance, delays, or failures in treatment. The patient is a 48-year-old man with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) being treated in the intensive care unit. After contracting Acinetobacter baumannii, the patient’s condition deteriorated, and he developed severe pulmonary problems. Due to the unknown presence of Acinetobacter baumannii in the patient, this bacterium transmitted to six other patients in the ward, which resulted in their deaths. In this report, we describe the causes and risk factors of the disease, and the results of laboratory tests and therapeutic processes.
Spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging findings in post-COVID-19 patients presenting with rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in a teaching hospital in Malwa region of Punjab
Authors: Singh Pushpinder , Kaur Kiranjeet , Jindal Vinita , Kaur Manjot , Kaur Mandeep , Singh Navdeep
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Rhino-orbito-cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM) associated with COVID-19 infection was at its peak during and immediately after the second wave of the pandemic in India during 2021. Many of the risk factors were implicated in the development of this deadly fungal infection, when there was a sudden surge of cases, especially who had a history of COVID-19 infection.

Objectives:

The objective of the study was to describe the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in invasive mucormycosis and to evaluate the extent and severity of invasive mucormycosis.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective study was carried out for 4 months which included 60 patients who underwent MRI using a Siemens Avanto 1.5 Tesla scanner. During our study, 68 cases were selected based on clinicoradiological features suspected of ROCM. However, 8 patients were excluded on the basis of exclusion criteria as either there was no definitive evidence of COVID infection or were proven to be negative for mucormycosis on microbiological examination.

Results:

On the basis of the spectrum of MRI findings, post-COVID-19 related ROCM was broadly categorized into three stages. Out of total of 60 patients, the disease was localized to the nasal and paranasal sinus region (Stage I) in 7 patients (11.66%), extending to adjacent extrasinus orofacial soft tissue structures (Stage II) in 36 patients (60%), and intracranial extension of disease (Stage III) was seen in 17 patients (28.33%).

Conclusion:

In post-COVID-19 patients presenting with clinical features suspected of ROCM, MRI imaging helps in early diagnosis and staging/severity of ROCM, so that timely intervention can be planned to reduce mortality as well as morbidity.
Assessment of child health services under Reproductive, Maternal, Neonatal, Child and Adolescent (RMNCH+A) strategy at primary health care level in Doiwala block of Dehradun District, Uttarakhand, India - A cross – sectional study
Authors: Gupta Ruchika , Singh Mahendra , Aggarwal Pradeep , Bahurupi Yogesh , Rahul Ankita , Asha T. J.
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The reproductive, maternal, newborn, child + adolescent health (RMNCH+A) strategy was launched by the Indian government in the year 2013 to remain in the lead of the global war against child and maternal mortality and morbidity. Under RMNCH+A program in Uttarakhand state, according to the State public health policy, various provisions are needed to be done for maintenance of downtrend in infant mortality rate (IMR). There are various thrust areas under the child health program. The purpose of our study is to monitor the program implementation in terms of Input and Process indicators and to identify if there are any gaps in the child health services provided by RMNCH+A in the PHCs and subcentres of Doiwala block of Dehradun district, Uttarakhand.

Aim:

To evaluate Input and the process indicators of child health services under RMNCH+A strategy at Primary health care level in Doiwala block of Dehradun district, Uttarakhand.

Methods:

This Cross-sectional study was carried out in Doiwala Block of Dehradun district, Uttarakhand in 3 randomly selected Primary health centres (PHCs) and their 6 subcentres using a validated standard checklist for PHCs and subcentres.

Results:

In PHCs, mean obtained score for Input indicators was 56% and for Process indicators was 35%. The mean obtained score in subcentres for Input indicators and Process indicators was 53% and 51%, respectively.

Conclusions:

Both the input and the process indicators for child health services in PHCs and subcentres of Dehradun district were inadequate. Most indicators scored less than 50% at both the PHCs and subcentres.
Comparative study of role of physiotherapy alone versus physiotherapy combined with yoga in rehabilitation after a sports injury. What can a primary physician offer?
Authors: Rai Sanjay K. , Gupta Tej P. , Gupta Gayatri K. , Kale Amit B. , Arora Rakesh , Kumar Dinesh
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Posttraumatic rehabilitation of sports injuries involves physiotherapy. Additionally, nonsurgical treatment of sports injuries involves regular physiotherapy as a major treatment therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of yoga in addition to regular physiotherapy on these patients.

Materials and Methods:

In the present comparative study, we evaluated the effects of regular physiotherapy alone versus physiotherapy combined with yoga on 212 patients following various knee injuries treated nonsurgically. The study was conducted after obtaining hospital ethical, committee clearance, and written informed consent from patients. The patients were assigned into two groups: group C (Conventional) and group Y (Yoga group). The patients in the regular group received physiotherapy rehabilitation program, whereas the yoga group received additional yoga once every day by a yoga expert during their hospital stay. We provided written guidelines and photographs of the yoga asanas and instructed to perform them 3 days/week once they were home. The data on WOMAC score were collected at 6 weeks, 3 months, and at 6 months from the day of discharge from the hospital.

Results:

We noted that the yoga group patients showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in all modalities like pain, stiffness, and function subscales of the WOMAC scale. They experienced significant reduction in pain and stiffness compared with the regular or conventional group on the seventh postinjury day, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after the initial injury.

Conclusion:

In this study, a combination of regular physiotherapy and yoga provided better functional outcomes than physiotherapy alone.
Relative risk of postpartum maternal morbidity among cesarean-delivered women: A multisite prospective cohort study in a large district, India
Authors: Doke Prakash Prabhakarrao , Vaidya Varsha Mahesh , Narula Arvinder Pal Singh , Patil Archana Vasantrao , Panchanadikar Tushar Madhav , Wagh Girija Narendra , Iyengar Kirti Sharad
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Family doctors manage mild to moderate postpartum morbidities that do not receive attention. The morbidities are higher after cesareans, which are increasing in number. The aim was to calculate the relative risk of various maternal morbidities occurring during 6 months postpartum among cesarean-delivered women in Pune District, India.

Material and Methods:

This was a large multisite study, which included all 11 non-teaching government hospitals performing at least five cesarean sections per month, one teaching government hospital, and one private teaching hospital. All eligible cesarean delivered and an equal number of age and parity matched vaginally delivered women were the participants. The obstetricians interrogated women before discharge, after 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 6 months.

Results:

In this study 3,112 women participated. At any visit and among any group lost to follow-up proportion was <10%. There was no major intra-operative complication among vaginally delivered women. The relative risks of acute and severe morbidity as intensive care unit admission and blood transfusion among cesarean-delivered women were 2.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.96 to 3.44], 4.33 (95% CI = 2.17 to 8.92), respectively. The adjusted relative risk of surgical site pain and infection at 4 weeks; surgical site pain at 6 weeks; and lower abdominal pain, breast engorgement/mastitis, urinary incontinence, and weakness at 6 months among cesarean-delivered women was higher (P < 0.05). Vaginally delivered women resumed family activities earlier.

Conclusion:

Health care workers, including family doctors, during follow-up of cesarean-delivered women, must assess for pain, induration/discharge at the surgical site, urinary incontinence, and breast engorgement/mastitis.
Late onset crohns ileitis—A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Sunder Ashok , Kumar Manish , Saha Sudip , Satyanarayan Bhagyalakshmi
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Crohn’s disease may affect individuals across all age groups. Usually, it tends to start at a young age, hence late onset Crohn’s disease may be difficult to diagnose. The incidence of late-onset inflammatory bowel disease in the United States is 4 to 8 per 100,000 per year. The incidence of Crohn’s disease is more in the United States and Europe and less in Asia and Africa. This makes it more challenging to suspect Crohn’s disease in an elderly individual of Indian origin. It may be confused with Irritable bowel syndrome or Intestinal tuberculosis.
Prioritizing the factors affecting adoption of e-commerce using multi-criteria decision making techniques in Tehran hospitals in 2021
Authors: Ardalan Shahrzad Ashja , Mirzaie Abasat , Begloo Amin Ghasem
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The global use of the Internet has led to the growth of e-commerce in industries. Similarly, in health care, e-commerce is essential to meeting the high expectations of patients and providing high-quality and affordable health care services in clinics, hospitals, and other health centers.

Purpose:

This study aimed to prioritize the factors influencing the adoption of e-commerce in hospitals of Tehran (Iran( in 2021 using multi-criteria decision-making techniques.

Method:

The independent variables included organizational, contextual, environmental, and technological factors, while the dependent variable was e-commerce acceptance. To answer the research question, the data were collected via documentary research method (secondary data) and survey (primary data). The instrument used for the survey was a pairwise comparison questionnaire that was completed by 186 experts selected via random sampling method, based on Morgan’s table, and with respect to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Using these instruments, the factors affecting the adoption of e-commerce were assessed using multi-criteria decision-making techniques and the AHP method.

Results:

The results of the prioritization of factors affecting the adoption of e-commerce in Tehran hospitals, from the experts’ point of view, showed that the technological criterion (weight: 0.31918) is the most important factor, followed by organizational (weight: 0.30291), contextual (weight: 0.20346), and environmental (weight: 0.17445) factors. The consistency coefficient of the model was 0.021142.

Conclusion:

The findings indicate that it is possible for doctors, nurses, patients, and medical centers to exploit the benefits of e-commerce in primary care, environmental, financial, organizational, human-related, and technological factors in healthcare.
The World Health Organization (WHO) operational frame work implemented in a Family Health Center (FHC) in Kerala
Authors: Shamim Thorakkal
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced an operational framework to combat climate variability and change. This commentary address the World Health Organization (WHO) operational framework implemented in a Family Health Center (FHC) in Kerala. The fundamental constituents which are essential to implement this framework are leadership and governance, health workforce, vulnerability, capacity and adaptation assessment, integrated risk monitoring and early warning, health, and climate research, climate resilient and sustainable technologies and infrastructure, management of environmental determinants of health, climate-informed health programs, emergency preparedness, and management and climate and health financing. This model may be replicated in other states in India.
Psychosocial impact of SARS- CoV-2 outbreak on patients with pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and their caregivers
Authors: Sharma Rajni , Chaudhary Himanshi , Patra Pratap , Sudhakar Murugan , Anjani Gummadi , Jindal Ankur , Pandiarajan Vignesh , Gupta Anju , Suri Deepti
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To assess distress, insomnia, and psychosocial impact of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on children with SLE and their caregivers.

Methods:

Patients with pSLE undergoing treatment in the Department of Pediatrics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, and their caregivers were enrolled. Questionnaires were sent to eligible patients and their parents through email or WhatsApp and telephonic interviews were conducted. Self-designed SLE-COVID-19 stress questionnaire; Peritraumatic Distress Inventory; Insomnia Severity Index, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were used. Ethical approval was sought from Institutes Ethics Committee (IEC/2020/000583).

Results:

Telephonic connection was possible with 80 families (160 participants). Telephonic contact was possible with 80 families (160 participants); off these 61 children with pSLE (78.2%) and 55 caregivers (70.5%) responded to the questionnaire. Among participants, 23% patients, and 21.8% caregivers were severely stressed about SARS-CoV-2 infection; 78.7% patients and 80% caregivers had heard about hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) being used for the treatment of COVID-19; 52.7% caregivers exhibited moderate concern about shortage of HCQ; and 52.5% patients, and 43.6% caregivers were worried about side effects of HCQ. We found that 20 (32.8%) patients and 18 (32.7%) caregivers experienced significant distress. Majority of participants reported sleep disturbances. High positive affect scores were seen in 40 (65.5%) patients and 43 (78.2%) caregivers, low positive affect scores were noted in 21 (34.5%) patients and 12 (21.8%) caregivers.

Conclusion:

Patients with pSLE and their caregivers are at risk of psychosocial problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological interventions can be very helpful.
The past, present, and future of health economics in India
Authors: Singh Nihaal , Shukla Rushikesh , Acharya Sourya , Shukla Samarth
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Health economics has long been neglected as a subset of the larger discipline of Economics and Finance. However, this could not be further from the truth. There is a large body of researchers and professionals alike that are of the consensus that extensive studying and working upon Healthcare Economics can help us avert the situation that arose in the wake of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Applying the core principles of Health Economics to a situation like that would help avert bad outcomes. In this article, the authors begin by defining and establishing the concepts of Health Economics and then building on them. We further explain the concepts in light of the Indian Economy and Healthcare Sector and how it has seen unprecedented growth in the last decade. Furthermore, we touch on the various diseases that put the most strain on the healthcare infrastructure and what we can do to make the situation better. We also shed light on how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the Health Economics in the Indian setting and go on to elaborate how India managed to tackle it. Finally, we elaborate on what steps we can take, as researchers and healthcare professionals, to make it easier for the common man to get access to better and more economical healthcare. We determine the importance and effectiveness of data collection and processing and also how to make better research attempts to study, evaluate and process that said data. The onus falls on the academic and the healthcare professional to ensure that the true meaning of Health Economics is not reduced to a mere numbers game, but is something which is truly subjective and for the benefit of the masses.
Knowledge and practices of nursing staffs related to Maternal Nutrition and Infant and Young Child Nutrition (MIYCN) services at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Jharkhand, India: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kiran Asha , Kujur Manisha , Sagar Vidya , Singh Shashi Bhushan , Kashyap Vivek , Trivedi Kiran , Kumari Archana , Akhouri Minni Rani , Jha Sunanda , Lakra Sarita , Badanayak Sraban Kumar , Roy Sumitro , Jagtap Shailesh , Kushwah Prafull Singh
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The first 1000 days of life is a unique window of opportunity when the foundation of overall optimum health and neurodevelopmental growth across the lifespan is established.

Objective:

To explore the level of knowledge and practice of service providers in delivering maternal, infant, and young child nutrition (MIYCN) services at the point of care.

Methodology:

This was a cross-sectional study done in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics of RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand from May to September 2019.

Result:

The practices and counseling skills of nursing staff pertaining to maternal nutrition interventions like IFA and calcium supplements was good. Though counseling on maternal minimum dietary diversity, frequency, and quantity of meals was done during the antenatal care period, its knowledge and expected total weight gain during pregnancy were suboptimal. The practice of early initiation of breastfeeding was significantly higher in those who delivered normally (79%) than those by cesarean section (7%). The nursing staff’s knowledge and technical skills on early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding were good, but inadequate for cesarean section. Forty-one percentage of recently delivered women were counseled on colostrum feeding, 17% about positioning and attachment, and 38% on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) during the first 6 months. In the pediatrics OPD and immunization clinic, 93% of mothers with an infant below 6 months of age, received counseling on EBF, 47% on feeding during illness, and 13% on breastfeeding difficulties and their solutions. Sixty percentage of mothers of children >6 months old received counseling on timely introduction of complementary feeding and 40% on minimum dietary diversity. Forty percentage of mothers were counseled on feeding techniques during and after illness.

Conclusion:

The nursing staffs were providing the services related to MIYCN during antenatal, intranatal, and postnatal services, sick child visits, and immunization visits but their technical knowledge and skills on the specific components were not in accordance with the standard guidelines.
Comparison of different surface treatment methods on flexural strength and elasticity modules of quartz and glass fiber-based posts: A narrative review
Authors: Meimandinezhad Marzieh , Bidhendi Hadi Mohammadi , Zadeh Elnaz Tavazo , Anzabi Reza Mahmoudi , Asadi Haniyeh , Fathi Amirhossein , Gholami Mahnaz
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aim:

Evaluating the effect of different surface treatment methods on flexural strength (FS) and elasticity modules (EM) related to fiber posts is very important. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment methods on FS and EM of quartz and glass fiber-based posts in the form of a narrative review study.

Materials and Methods:

To conduct this study, all studies related to the subject under discussion during the years 2022–2000 by systematic search in internationally available databases, including Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, were checked out. Finally, completely relevant studies were selected to investigate the main objective.

Results:

The results showed that before surface preparation, FS and elasticity coefficient (EC) of quartz fiber-based posts were higher than glass fiber. According to the results of some previous studies, surface preparation of glass and quartz fiber posts by laser and 10% hydrogen peroxide has no effect on their FS and elasticity. Findings of some other studies showed that the laser method than air abrasion can be a more suitable method for preparing the surface of fiber posts before the bonding process. In some other studies, it was reported that the Airborne-particle abrasion (Al2O3) method produced a higher amount of FS than the laser.

Conclusion:

Based on the results of previous similar studies, it can be concluded that the results of previous studies are very contradictory, and therefore, it is not possible to provide a completely superior surface treatment method to increase flexural strength. The amount of flexural strength depends mainly on the intrinsic properties of the fiber post.
Anti-proteinuria effect of active vitamin D in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Aref Asieh , Khodhal Mina , Rashidi Homeira , Farhangiyan Zahra , Bitaraf Saeid
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Proteinuria is a common complication in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN). The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-proteinuria effect of active vitamin D in patients with type 2 DN.

Methods:

A double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 42 DN patients selected by convenience sampling method. After selecting patients based on inclusion criteria, they were randomly divided into control and intervention groups. Patients in the intervention group received 0.25 mg of active vitamin D per day for 12 weeks. The variables evaluated in the patients on the first day of the intervention included fasting blood sugar (FBS), calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and proteinuria. These variables were also evaluated at the end of the first, second, and third month of intervention. Data were collected and analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 22.

Results:

Around 52.5% of the patients participating in this study were male and 47.5% were female. The mean age of the patients was 55.52 ± 6.58 years. The results of repeated measures analysis showed that active vitamin D significantly reduced proteinuria (P = 0.000) in patients in the intervention group. The changes in FBS (P = 0.235), calcium (P = 0.393), phosphorus (P = 0.694), creatinine (P = 0.232), GFR (P = 0.347), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.615), and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.115) were not significant in patients in the intervention group.

Conclusion:

Prescription of active vitamin D can significantly reduce the incidence of proteinuria in patients with DN.
Examination of facial measurement on the image using a noncontact three-dimensional measurement device
Authors: Watarai Yuko , Koide Kaoru , Ota Shin , Mizuhashi Fumi
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Producing dentures for edentulous patients is important to improve quality of life of elderly. The determination of the occlusal vertical dimension on producing dentures is one of the key factors for using the dentures comfortably. The purpose of this study is to consider the usefulness of the determination of the occlusal vertical dimension of a facial measurement method applied on scanned facial image using a noncontact three-dimensional measurement device.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-four dentulous individuals (mean age 26.6 ± 2.4 years old) were examined in this study. A noncontact three-dimensional measurement device was used for the scanning of the face both in the holding by hand and the fixing to the camera stands situations. The distances between subnasal and gnathion, pupil and oral slit, middle of glabella and subnasal, and right and left corners of the mouth were measured on the scanned face image and compared with the actual values.

Results:

The significant differences were not recognized on the four measurement items between the distance of actual values and obtained on scanned data (fixing conditions). The coefficients of variation of the distances between subnasal and gnathion, and pupil and oral slit on scanned data (fixing condition) were significantly lower than those at actual conditions (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The results of this study suggested that a stable facial measurement can be successfully implemented by using a noncontact three-dimensional measurement device. This method yields outcomes which match the actual values.
Knowledge and management of first-aid skills between medical and non-medical students at King Saud University
Authors: Basuhail Suhail , Al Hammad Bader K. , Aldhafeeri Bader G. , Alquhayz Mohammed F. , Alqahtani Mohammed S. , Alkharboush Hussain F. , Al Turki Yousef A.
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

The study aims to determine the knowledge of first-aid management in medical and non-medical students and how they will act in certain situations.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study has been conducted on a convenience sampling of 375 (medical and non-medical) students. The research proposal was approved by the IRB Committee of King Saud University. The data has been obtained randomly by a validated questionnaire in a sample of 381 participants. The questionnaire had items related to knowledge and management of first-aid skills. The study was conducted from August 2020 to May 2021 in King Saud University.

Results:

The participants in the current study were medical (53.02%) and non-medical students (46.98%). Overall results showed that all students possessed a good knowledge of first-aid management, but medical students possessed more knowledge in comparison to non-medical students. The awareness of students related to first-aid management was found to be 32.02% ‘high’, 56.43% ‘middle’ and 11.54% ‘low’. Moreover, results illustrated that medical students are more interested to attend first-aid courses than non-medical students by 60.4% and 43.6% respectively.

Conclusion:

The study revealed the participants’ knowledge and management were not adequate. A statistically significant association was found between being a medical student and having a high level of knowledge about first aid. Awareness campaigns must be conducted to increase awareness among the non-medical community about first-aid knowledge, and how it is essential for every individual.