bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VITAMIN D AND PHYSIOPATHOLOGY OF UTERINE LEIOMYOMAS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW IN ANIMAL MODELS, IN VITRO STUDIES AND CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Barillari Priscila Giolo , Nunes Marcia , Patriarca Marisa Teresinha , Dardes Rita de Cássia , Ferreira Fernando , Gomes Mariano , Bonduki Claudio
Published: March 2022

Background: Fibroids are benign tumors in women of reproductive age and
associated with hormonal, genetic and molecular variables. Objectives:
To search for the mechanisms by which vitamin D influences the
development of fibroids. Search strategy: Electronic databases were
searched from January 2009 to October 2019. The Internet search tool
includes the PUBMED, COCHRANE and EMBASE search engines. Of these,
scientific articles, meta-analyses, therapeutic guidelines, reviews, and
research articles were consulted, as well as the most recent guidelines
on the subject, according to the Brazilian Society of Gynecology.
Selection criteria: The inclusion criteria were publications in the last
ten years in English, Portuguese, and Spanish; publications that met the
proposed objective described in PICO: a. Randomized trials; B.
Observational studies (including cohort and case-control studies).
Exclusion criteria included: articles published before 2010; languages
other than English, Portuguese, and Spanish; articles that did not meet
the research objectives; ongoing studies and abstracts. Data collection
and analysis: The selected studies were divided according to the type of
study and divided into: 1. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale-Case-Control Studies
and Cohort Studies; 2. COCHRANE manual for systematic intervention
reviews. Main results: 12 out of 15 studies were non-randomized studies
(80%) with Kappa values above six. Kappa agreement was 0.615,
suggesting good or substantial agreement. Conclusion: Vitamin D
(1,25(OH)2 D3) plays a significant role in cell growth control,
programmed cell death, and DNA damage. Low levels of Vitamin D seem to
be an important factor, direct or indirectly, in the etiopathogenesis of
uterine fibroids.
Umbilical cord blood transplantation for MYH9-related disorders: a case report and systematic review of the literature
Authors: li jian , wang Jun , Fang Yongjun , Rong Liucheng
Published: March 2022

MYH9-related disorders (MYH9-RD) are the leading cause of inherited
thrombocytopenia（IPD）. This autosomal-dominant macrothrombocytopenia
syndrome consisted of the May-Hegglin anomaly, Fechtner syndrome,
Sebastian syndrome, and Epstein syndromes. To date， hematopoietic stem
cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative therapy for congenital
thrombocytopenias, such as Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome(WAS) and Glanzmann
thrombasthenia (GT). However, no relevant literature reported on the
outcome of MYH9-related disorders. We first described a pediatric
MYH9-RD patient who underwent a successful myeloablative allogeneic HSCT
with umbilical cord blood stem cells resulting in complete resolution.
Now one year passed after HSCT. The patient’s condition remained stable
during the follow-up. This case highlights the implications of curative
therapy of HSCT in MYH9-RD patients.
PEDIATRIC CARDIAC TUMORS: ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC IMAGING FEATURES – A PICTORIAL REVIEW
Authors: Bravo-Valenzuela Nathalie Jeanne , Lucas Eliane , Netto Nadinne Velloso , Conceicao Larissa Vieira da , Estrada Natalia Pinheiro Duque , Respondek-Liberska Maria , Júnior Edward Araujo
Published: March 2022

Cardiac tumors (CT) in children are very rare lesions, but their
diagnosis is crucial for patient management. Echocardiography is the
most used cardiovascular imaging modality in clinical practice for the
initial diagnosis of CT in pediatric patients. Knowing the
echocardiographic characteristics of CTs can enable an increasingly
early diagnosis and the identification of its most likely etiology.
Primary CTs are the most frequent in children, with benign ones being
the most prevalent. Among benign CTs, the most frequent in fetuses and
neonates are rhabdomyomas and teratomas, while in older children, they
are rhabdomyomas and fibromas. In this article we describe the
echocardiographic characteristics of the main CTs in pediatric ages.
Clinical and MRI findings of a suspected cortical malformation presented as a giant cerebral pseudomass in a German Shepherd dog
Authors: Bongers Jos , Gutierrez-Quintana Rodrigo , Hammond Gawain , José-López Roberto
Published: March 2022

A 5-month-old German Shepherd dog was presented with cluster seizures.
MR imaging showed a large irregular pseudomass in the central region of
the cranial cavity, compatible with a malformation of cortical
development (MCD). Despite the extensive changes, the patient was
neurologically normal interictally one year following diagnosis.
Waterlogging induces alterations in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and responses to CO 2 and light intensity.
Authors: Olorunwa Omolayo , Adhikari Bikash , Brazel Skyler , Popescu Sorina , Popescu George , Barickman T. Casey
Published: March 2022

Waterlogging induces growth and developmental changes in sensitive crops
such as cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) during early plant
development. However, information on the physiological mechanisms
underpinning the response of cucumber plants to waterlogging conditions
is limited. Here, we investigated the effects of 10-day waterlogging
stress on the morphology, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll fluorescence
parameters in two cultivars of cucumber seedlings. Waterlogging stress
hampered cultivars’ growth, biomass accumulation, and photosynthetic
capacity. Both cultivars also developed adventitious roots (ARs) after
10 days of waterlogging (DOW). We observed differential responses in the
light- and carbon-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, with an
increase in light-dependent reactions. At the same time, carbon
assimilation was considerably inhibited by waterlogging. Specifically,
the CO assimilation rate ( A) in leaves was
significantly reduced and was caused by a corresponding decrease in
stomatal conductance (g ). The downregulation of the
maximum rate of Rubisco (V ) and the maximum rate of
photosynthetic electron transport (J ) were
non-stomatal limiting factors contributing to A reduction.
Exposure of cucumber to 10 DOW affected the PSII photochemistry by
downregulating the PSII quantum yield (Φ ). The
redox state of the primary quinone acceptor in the lake model (1-qL), a
measure of the regulatory balance of the light reactions, became more
oxidized after 10 DOW, indicating enhanced electron sink capacity
despite a reduced A. Overall, the results suggest that
waterlogging induces alterations in the photochemical apparatus
efficiency of cucumber. Thus, developing cultivars that resist
photodamage while maintaining PSII photochemistry is a potential
approach for increasing crops’ tolerance to waterlogged environments.
Rare adverse events following Covid-19 vaccination: A review
Authors: Barary Mohammad , Afshar Zeinab Mohseni , Liang Jackson J. , Sharma Akanksha , Pirzadeh Marzieh , Babazadeh Arefeh , Hashemi Erfan , Deravi Niloofar , Abdi Sadaf , Allahgholipour Amirreza , Hosseinzadeh Rezvan , Vaziri Zahra , Sio Terence T. , Sullman Mark J. M. , Ebrahimpour Soheil
Published: March 2022

Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
infection has caused many complications, the invention of coronavirus
disease 2019 (Covid-19) vaccines has also brought about several adverse
events, from common side effects to unexpected and rare ones. Common
vaccine-related adverse reactions manifest locally or systematically
following any vaccine, including Covid-19 vaccines. Certain side
effects, known as adverse events of special interest (AESI), are unusual
and need more evaluation. Here, we discuss some of the most important
rare adverse events of Covid-19 vaccines.
Low Mach number limit of nonisentropic inviscid Hookean elastodynamics
Authors: Ju Qiangchang , Wang Jiawei
Published: March 2022

The low Mach number limit of the nonisentropic compressible Hookean
elastodynamic equations is rigorously proved with respect to
well-prepared initial data. We introduce certain suitable seminorms to
obtain the uniform estimate of solutions, for which the critical point
is to cancel the higher order derivate terms caused by the coupling of
velocity and deformation gradient.
Treatment patterns and outcomes in patients with chronic urticaria during pregnancy: Results of PREG-CU, a UCARE Study
Authors: Kocatürk Emek , Al-Ahmad Mona , Krause Karoline , Arnau Ana Giménez , Thomsen Simon Francis , Conlon Niall , Marsland Alexander , Şavk Ekin , Criado Roberta , Danilycheva Inna , Fomina Daria , Godse Kiran , Khoshkhui Maryam , Gelincik Aslı , Degirmentepe Ece Nur , demir semra , Ensina Luis , Kasperska-Zając Alicja , Rudenko Michael , Valle Solange , Medina Iris , Bauer Andrea , Zhao Zuotao , Staubach Petra , Bouillet Laurence , Küçük Özlem , Baygül Arzu , Maurer Marcus
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Chronic urticaria (CU) is a common disease that
primarily affects females. Although commonly encountered, there is
little data on how pregnancy interact with CU. We analysed treatment use
by CU patients before, during and after pregnancy as well as outcomes of
pregnancy. Material and Methods: PREG-CU was a prospective and
retrospective, international, multicentre, study of the Urticaria
Centers of Reference and Excellence (UCARE) network. Data were collected
via a 47-item-questionnaire completed by CU patients who became pregnant
during their disease course. Results: Questionnaires from 288
CU patients from 13 countries were analysed. During pregnancy, most
patients (60%) used urticaria medication (standard dose second
generation H1-antihistamines [SD-sgAH] (35.1%), first generation
H1-antihistamines (7.6%), high-dose sgAH (5.6%), and omalizumab
(5.6%). The preterm birth rate was 10.2%, and preterm rates of
patients who did and did not receive treatment during pregnancy were
similar (11.6% vs 8.7%). Emergency referrals for CU and twin birth
were risk factors for preterm birth. The caesarean delivery rate was
51.3%. More than 90% of new-borns. were healthy at birth. There was no
link between any patient or disease characteristics or treatments and
medical problems at birth. Eight of 10 (78.8%) women with CU breastfed
their babies and most (54.3%) used urticaria medication while
breastfeeding. Conclusion: Rates of preterm births and medical
problems of new-borns in patients with CU were similar to population
norms and not linked to treatment used during pregnancy. Emergency
referrals increase risk of preterm birth and emphasizes the importance
of urticaria control during pregnancy.
Prediction of cesarean delivery after induction of labor in twin pregnant women: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bang Seung Hyun , Lee Seung Mi , Oh Sohee , Sung Su Jin , Lee Jeesun , Park Jee Yoon , Park Chan-Wook , Park Joong Shin , Jun Jong Kwan
Published: March 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model
for cesarean delivery after induction of labor (IOL) in twin pregnancy.
Design: Retrospective cohort study Setting: University hospital.
Population: Twin pregnancy who underwent IOL from 2005 to 2018 Methods:
The study population was randomly divided into the training and test
sets at a ratio of 2:1. Three-fold cross-validation (CV) with 100 times
repetitions was applied to select the best model. Main outcome measure
to develop and validate a prediction model for cesarean delivery after
IOL in twin pregnancies. Results: A total of 1,703 twin pregnancies were
analyzed, including 1,356 women in the development cohort of the SNUH
database and 347 women in the external validation cohort of the SNUBH
database. In the development cohort, the clinical variables that were
different between the successful and failed IOL groups were included in
the logistic regression analysis, and the final prediction model,
composed of five variables (maternal age, maternal height, parity,
cervical effacement, and summated birth weight of both twins), was
selected with an AUROC of 0.742 (95% confidence interval [CI],
0.700-0.785) and 0.733 (95% CI, 0.671-0.794) in the training set and
test set, respectively. A nomogram for predicting the risk of cesarean
delivery after IOL in twin pregnancies was also developed. Conclusion: A
prediction model to provide information and evaluate the risk of
cesarean delivery after IOL in twin pregnancies was developed. Keywords
Twin pregnancy, induction of labor, cesarean section, prediction model
Lie group approach for constructing all reciprocal transformations. The two-dimensional stationary gas dynamics equations
Authors: Siriwat Piyanuch , Meleshko Sergey
Published: March 2022

Recently, an infinitesimal approach for finding reciprocal
transformations has been proposed. The method uses the group analysis
approach and consists of similar steps as for finding an equivalence
group of transformations. The new method provides a systematic tool for
finding classes of reciprocal transformations (group of reciprocal
transformations). Similar to the classical group analysis this approach
can be also applied for finding all reciprocal transformations (not only
composing a group) of the equations under study. The present paper
provides this algorithm. As an illustration, the method is applied to
the two-dimensional stationary gas dynamics equations. Equivalence
group, group of reciprocal transformations and completeness of all
discrete reciprocal transformations are presented in the paper. The
results are stated in form of a theorem.
Are There Any Differences at Gray Matter Sites Between Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients and Healthy Controls?
Authors: Aydenizoz Dogukan , SELCUK OMER , Genc Fatma , Ozkan Mehmet , Selcuk Nursel Turkoglu , Cekic Bulent , CETINKAYA ERDEM , Senirli Rezarta Taga , Eyigor Hulya
Published: March 2022

Objectives Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease that may cause
many medical conditions. Neurocognitive disorders may be triggered by
OSA. In recent studies, selectively decreased gray matter tissue was
observed in patients with OSA. We aimed to determine if there was a
substantial difference in patients with extreme OSA by comparing the
microstructural changes in different gray matter sub-areas with healthy
controls using diffusion-weighted imaging methods. Methods We studied 15
diagnosed severe OSA subjects before any treatment and 32 healthy
control subjects. High resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1
and T2-weighted scans were visually examined to assess any major brain
lesions. Results There were no statistically significant differences of
age and gender between the groups (p=0.089, p=0.114).The left and right
globus pallidus, putamen and thalamus values did not differ
significantly between OSA and control subjects (p>0.05).
Right putamen values was negatively correlated with AHI, supine AHI and
non-REM AHI in OSA subjects, but no correlations appeared with left
putamen values. The other gray matter parameters did not show any
correlations with PSG parameters (p>0.05). AHI, Supine AHI,
Non-Supine AHI, REM and NON-REM AHI values was not show any correlation
with Right and Left Putamen volume sizes. Conclusions We made a
morphological comparison of various gray matter areas of OSA patients
and healthy volunteers in our study. We observed a significant decrease
in right putamen gray matter volumes in patients with higher AHI values.
Decreased cognitive functions are found in patients with OSA. In order
to demonstrate this cognitive loss in patients with morphologically
there is a need for further prospective studies with larger sample
sizes. Gray matter sites are in different sizes in severe obstructive
sleep apnea patients. Right putamen values was negatively correlated
with AHI, supine AHI and non-REM AHI in OSA subjects no correlations
appeared with left putamen values. AHI, Supine AHI, Non- Supine AHI, REM
and NON-REM AHI values was not show any correlation with Right and Left
Putamen volume sizes. a significant decrease in right putamen gray
matter volumes in patients with higher AHI values
Morphology of the internal auditory canal: Deriving parameters from computer tomography scans.
Authors: Mntungwa Nandipha , Hanekom Tania , Baron René
Published: March 2022

Abstract Person-specific three-dimensional computational modelling plays
a vital role in modern day research of cochlear implants to assist in
understanding the neural interface of the cochlea and implanted
electrode array. Further improvements are made to these models as more
parameters are included. Landmark assessment provides information and is
frequently used to register co-ordinates for model generation as it
captures small variations. Objectives: The objective of this study is to
identify and define landmarks to describe the internal auditory canal
adequately for inclusion in the three-dimensional computational models
of the cochlea and its surrounding structures. Participants:
Retrospectively collected computer tomography scans of live human
cochleae were collected. Descriptive and comparative statistics were
used to describe the data obtained from the scans. Results: The mean
anterior-posterior (AP) diameter at the base on the basal turn, the AP
diameter at the midpoint of the IAC, the anterior and posterior length
of the internal acoustic canal were measured. 57.14% of the internal
acoustic canals observed presented with a cylindrical, 40.48% was
funnel-shaped and 2.38 % was bud-shaped. A statistically significant
difference was found between the diameters of the male and female
internal acoustic meatii. Conclusion: This paper serves as a reference
providing a landmark set for the description of the internal acoustic
canal for inclusion in three-dimensional computational reconstruction of
the cochlea and surrounding structures.
A DFT Study on the Correlation between Conformation of D4ph4 , Properties of the Excited States and Formation of the Excimer
Authors: Ding Yunqiao , Mou Qiuhong , Zhou Chuanjian , Lu Haifeng
Published: March 2022

Present calculations provide a theoretical understanding of the
correlation of the conformations of
tetramethyltetraphenylcyclotetrasiloxane with the properties of the
ground states (S0-state) and excited states (S1-/T1state), as well as
with the formation of the excimers. The difference between the
energy-lowest conformation and the energy-highest conformation is only
0.51 kcal/mol. The isoenergetic conformers have similar electronic
structures and absorption spectra. The difference between the vertical
transition and the adiabatic transition in energy is relatively large
for S1-states, but negligible for T1-states. The singlet-triplet gap for
the adiabatic transition is very small (0.52 eV). The excited transition
of the singlet electron may cause the geometrical deformation of
S0-states, and the distorted phenyl ring is the excimer-forming site.
The type of the excitation transition is associated with the
conformation. The cooperation of the S0-states to the S1-states through
the π-π or π-H interaction is a nonspontaneous-endothermic process. The
formation and stability of the excimers are dependent upon the
conformation.
EgSPEECHLESS and its putative binding targets are involved in the salt response of oil palm
Authors: Yue Gen Hua , Song Zhuojun , Wang Le , Lai Chong Cheong , Yang Zituo , Lee May
Published: March 2022

Oil palm is the most productive oil producing plant. Salt stress leads
to growth damage and decrease in yield of oil palm. However, the
physiological responses of oil palm to salt stress and their underlying
mechanisms are not clear. RNA-Seq for leaf samples from young palms
challenged under three levels of salts (100, 250 and 500 mM NaCl) for 14
days and control was conducted. All the three levels of salt stress
activated EgSPCH expression and increased stomatal density of oil
palm. ~ 41% of DEGs were putative EgSPCH binding target
and were involved in multiple bioprocesses related to salt response.
Overexpression of EgSPCH in Arabidopsis increased the
stomatal production and lowered the salt tolerance. These data indicate
that in oil palm, salt activates EgSPCH to generate more stomata
in response to salt stress, which is different with that in herbaceous
plants. Our results might mirror the difference of salt-induced stomatal
development between ligneous and herbaceous crops.
CROSS-SPECIES TRANSMISSION OF COVID-19 AT ANIMAL-HUMAN INTERFACE: A ONE HEALTH APPROACH FOR IMPROVED DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL IN UGANDA
Authors: Nakavuma Jesca Lukanga , Okello Walter , Nasaka Joelia , Bukenya Stephen , Solomon Odur , Naggirinya Agnes Bwanika
Published: March 2022

Background: Reports of SARS-CoV-2 in animals have implicated
human sources. Similarities in SARS-CoV-2 cell receptors between humans
and animals suggest possible cross-transmission of COVID-19. Using a
One-Health approach, we assessed exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in humans with
no history of confirmed infection, selected domestic animals in their
homesteads, and in wild animals in Uganda. Methods: A
cross-sectional study was done in two districts where community COVID
cases were first reported: and at Uganda Wildlife Education Centre
(UWEC). Thirty-six humans and 48 domestic animals per district; and 14
animals at UWEC were sampled. Blood and nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal
samples were analysed for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, viral antigens, and
genome. Interviewer-administered questionnaire on socio-demographics,
travel history, disease symptoms and knowledge on COVID-19 was
conducted, data was analysed with STATA 16.0. Results: One
hundred forty participants were interviewed, 77% were below 49 years
old, 56% had only primary education, 50% were catholics; and 70%
subsistence farmers. COVID-19-related information was majorly from
radios (89%), families and or friends (55%). Over 60% were aware of
at least two COVID-19 symptoms. In humans, sero-prevalence was 31.9%,
4.2% and 13.9% for IgG, IgM, and COVID-19 antigen, respectively. IgG
sero-prevalence was significantly higher in females (47.2%) than males
(16.7%) with p=0.005, and similar trends were noted for IgM and
antigens. In domestic animals, caprine had the highest IgG
seropositivity, followed by bovine, avian and lastly canine at 70.6%,
50.0%, 42.9% and 38.5%, respectively. IgM was detected in one dog. At
UWEC, five animals had both IgG and IgM whereas two had only IgG. All
human and animal samples were RT-PCR negative. Conclusion: A
high sero-prevalence of IgG, indicates previous exposure. Ascertaining
cross-species transmission at human-animal interface was unproven due to
negative RT-PCR results, hence isolation and characterisation of virus
were not done.
A case of rheumatic valvular heart disease treated with Chinese medicine prescription
Authors: Chen Weihang , Liu Zhaoheng , Wang Yalei , Wang Xu , Yan Huixi , Tan Yan
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is an autoimmune disease that
often leads to irreversible valve damage and heart failure. Surgery is
currently an effective treatment, but it may have risks when performing
the surgery and some people may not accept it since it is invasive.
Therefore, we should find a new effective method to treatment it. CASE
SUMMARY A 57 year old woman came to Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan
University for cardiac color Doppler ultrasound, left heart function
test and DTI evaluation, which showed mild mitral stenosis with mild
moderate regurgitation and mild moderate aortic regurgitation,
confirming the diagnosis of rheumatic valvular disease. The symptoms
becames severe and ventricular tachycardia occurred frequently with the
heart rate more than 200 and surgical treatment was recommended in 10
days. Patient wanted to treat with traditional Chinese medicine
treatment during this period. The symptoms improved significantly
especially the ventricular tachycardia is disappear after 1 week of
treatment. Follow up visit 3 months after medication, ultrasound showed
mild mitral stenosis with mild regurgitation and mild aortic
regurgitation, and the operator notified no need for surgical treatment.
CONCLUSION Traditional Chinese medicine treatments represent a potential
treatment for RHD, mainly valvular stenosis and regurgitation.
EVIDENCE FOR HETERODIMERIZATION AND FUNCTIONAL INTERACTION OF THE UROTENSIN II AND THE ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTORS
Authors: Nassour Hassan , Devost Dominic , Sleno Rory , Hébert Terence , Chatenet David
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite the observation of synergistic
interactions between the urotensinergic and angiotensinergic systems,
the interplay between the urotensin II receptor (hUT) and the
angiotensin II type 1 receptor (hAT1R) in regulating cellular signaling
under physiological and pathophysiological conditions remains
incompletely understood. Notably, the interaction between hUT and hAT1R
could engender reciprocal allosteric modulations of their signaling
signatures, defining a unique role for these complexes in cardiovascular
physiology and pathophysiology. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The physical
interaction between hUT and hAT1R receptors was evaluated by
co-immunoprecipitation, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)
and FlAsH BRET-based conformational biosensors. To analyze how this
functional interaction regulated proximal and distal hUT-associated
signaling pathways, we used BRET-based signaling biosensors and western
blots to profile pathway-specific signaling in HEK 293 cells expressing
hUT, hAT1R or both. KEY RESULTS We observed that hUT-hAT1R heterodimers
triggered distinct signalling outcomes, in particular Gq/
G13/Gi/DAG/-arrestin-1/ERK1/2, compared to their respective parent
receptors alone. Notably, co-transfection of hUT and hAT1R slightly
potentiated hUII-induced Gq activation but significantly reduced the
potency and efficacy of Ang II to mediate Gq activation. Using a
FlAsH-walk approach, we observed that the presence of unliganded hUT
altered conformational dynamics of hAT1R but that addition of hUII or
URP did not produce further modulations. CONCLUSION Assembly of hUT with
hAT1R might be important for allosteric modulation of outcomes
associated with specific hardwired signaling complexes in healthy and
disease states. Our work validates such complexes as potential targets
to promote the design of compounds that modulate heterodimer function
selectively.
Hyoscine butylbromide induced psychosis: A case report
Authors: Lageju Nimesh , Neupane Durga , Jaiswal Lokesh , Phuyal Upama
Published: March 2022

Hyoscine butylbromide induced pyschosis, though rare, should be
considered in a child presenting with deteriorating cognitive functions
and psychotic features acutely as evident in our case of a 9-year-old
child taking hyoscine for her non-specific abdominal pain.
COVID-19-associated mucormycosis involving the maxilla
Authors: Hasheminasab Mahboube , karizmeh mojtaba salehi , sharifi reza , Beshkar Majid , Matloubi Narges , Asadi Amirali
Published: March 2022

It is important to increase the awareness of head and neck surgeons
about the recent surge of craniofacial mucormycosis in COVID-19
patients, because early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve
the outcomes. Here, we describe clinical features, treatment protocols,
and outcomes of treatment in 8 patients with COVID-19-associated
mucormycosis
Pseudoachalasia as the first manifestation of signet-ring cell duodenal carcinoma
Authors: Trad Nouha , Mabrouk Emna Belhadj , Mensi Asma , Zaimi Yosra , Ksantini Mariem , Said Yosra
Published: March 2022

Pseudoachalasia is an uncommon disorder, mainly caused by malignancy. To
our knowledge, no cases of a signet-ring cell carcinoma of the
non-ampullary duodenum revealed by pseudoachalasia were previously
reported. Early identification of malignancy-associated pseudoachalasia
is crucial to avoid delaying adequate treatment.
Analysis of the efficacy of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in high-risk neuroblastoma
Authors: Jin Yan , Li Jie , Yang Jiaxing , Cao Yan , Li Zhanglin , Li Zhong , Wang Daowei , Zhao Guangzong , Zhong Benfu , Yan Jie , Zhao Qiang
Published: March 2022

Objective This study aimed to analyse the efficacy of autologous
peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for high-risk neuroblastoma
in China. Methods The data of 90 high-risk neuroblastoma patients
treated with the CCCG-NB 2015 regimen at the Tianjin Medical University
Cancer Institute & Hospital were reviewed. The baseline
clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of were analysed and
compared. In addition, the prognoses of tandem autologous stem cell
transplantation and single autologous stem cell transplantation groups
were compared. Results The results of survival analysis showed that
autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation based on this
pretreatment regimen significantly improved the prognosis of children in
the high-risk group. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall
survival (OS) rates for the transplantation group and the
nontransplantation group were 65.5% vs. 41.3% (P=0.023) and 77.1% vs.
57.9% (P=0.03), respectively. There was no difference in the
distribution of baseline clinical case characteristics between the
single transplantation group and the tandem transplantation group
(P>0.05), and there was no significant difference in EFS
and OS between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Based on
this pretreatment programme, autologous peripheral blood stem cell
transplantation is safe and tolerable and significantly improves the
prognosis of children in the high-risk group. The value of tandem
autologous stem cell transplantation is worthy of further discussion,
which should consider various aspects such as the transplantation plan
and the patient’s state.
Two cases of Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome with AMN gene mutation: A case report
Authors: Qin Hong cheng , Guan Xianmin , Xian Ying , Yu Jie , Xiao Jian , Wen Xian-Hao
Published: March 2022

Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease mainly
characterized by megaloblastic anemia and proteinuria. Herein, we
reported two cases presenting with anemia and growth retardation.
Especially, case 1 manifested proteinuria and case 2 was diagnosed with
α-thalassemia. The whole gene sequencing confirmed that they harbored
the same homozygous mutation in the AMN gene (c.C742T). Both of them
showed a good hematological and neurological improvement to
intramuscular injection of cobalamin. However, proteinuria still existed
for case 1 and was unknown for case 2.
Intrapartum deceleration and acceleration areas and the risk of neonatal encephalopathy, a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Geva Yael , Yaniv Shimrit , Geva Neta , Rotem Reut , Talmor Meital , Shema Noam , Shany Eilon , Weintraub Adi
Published: March 2022

Objective: To investigate whether an association exists between
deceleration and acceleration areas on continuous fetal cardiotocography
(CTG) and neonatal encephalopathy (NE). Design: A retrospective
case-control study. Setting: A single tertiary medical center with over
15,000 births a year. Population: All deliveries complicated by neonatal
encephalopathy in our center during the study period, with two controls
for every case, matched by gestational age and cord blood pH. Methods:
We compared CTG characteristics of low-risk pregnancies (35 weeks
gestation or more), complicated by moderate to severe NE with matched
controls. We analyzed the intrapartum CTG recordings by calculation of
the deceleration and acceleration areas. Main outcome measure:
Deceleration and acceleration areas and the ratio between the two.
Results: During the period between 2013 and 2019, we identified 95 cases
of low-risk pregnancies that were complicated by moderate to severe NE
in our center. Thirty-three (34.7%) deliveries were excluded, mostly
due to an insufficient duration of the CTG recordings. The remaining 62
cases were matched with 123 controls. We found that NE was significantly
associated with an increased total deceleration area, a decreased total
acceleration area and a lower acceleration-to-deceleration ratio.
Conclusions: In our population, NE was significantly associated with
increased total deceleration area, decreased total acceleration area and
a lower acceleration-to-deceleration ratio, irrespective of cord blood
pH. Development of a computerized real-time analysis of fetal heart rate
tracings may contribute to making these measurements a more valid
clinical tool.
Association between antenatal corticosteroid administration and neonatal hypoglycaemia in infants born at term: an observational cohort study
Authors: Cavallaro Angelo , Ioannou Christos , Garbagnati Marta , Hubble Talia , Oros Daniel , Impey Lawrence
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE Assess whether antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung
maturation are associated with hypoglycaemia in neonates born at term.
DESIGN Cohort study of term singleton deliveries over a 3-year period.
SETTING Tertiary UK hospital. POPULATION The cohort includes neonates
not exposed to corticosteroids; those exposed before 34 weeks because of
suspected preterm birth but delivered at term (group 1); those exposed
after 34 weeks because of anticipated late preterm birth (group 2); and
- included in the latter - a subgroup of neonates exposed within 7 days
of their actual delivery (group 2a). METHODS Retrospective analysis of
the association between exposure and neonatal outcomes using
multivariate regression to adjust for confounders. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Severe neonatal hypoglycaemia requiring admission to NNU; and need for
ventilatory support. RESULTS Amongst 20102 eligible pregnancies, 143
women received corticosteroids before 34 weeks; and 187 after 34 weeks,
of which 106 were within 7 days of delivery. Severe hypoglycaemia
occurred in 227 neonates. Univariate predictors of hypoglycaemia were
maternal BMI, nulliparity, hypertension, diabetes, gestation at birth,
birthweight<10 centile and corticosteroid exposure. Following
adjustment for covariates, corticosteroid exposure was independently
associated with hypoglycaemia in all exposed groups: group 1 adjusted
odds ratio (aOR) 3.26 (1.38-7.73); group 2 aOR 4.56 (2.47-8.42); and
group 2a aOR 5.70 (2.49-13.03). Ventilatory support was not
significantly different in any of the exposed groups. CONCLUSION There
is increased risk of hypoglycaemia in neonates exposed to antenatal
corticosteroids who are born at term. The risk of hypoglycaemia is
higher with decreasing corticosteroid-to-birth interval.
The natural product argentatin C attenuates postoperative pain via inhibition of voltage-gated sodium and T-type voltage-gated calcium channels
Authors: Duran Paz , Loya-López Santiago , Ran Dongzhi , Tang Cheng , Calderon Aida , Gomez Kimberly , Stratton Harrison , Xu Ya-ming , Wijeratne E. M. Kithsiri , Perez-Miller Samantha , Shan Zhiming , Cai Song , Gabrielsen Anna , Dorame Angie , Masterson Kyleigh , Alsbiei Omar , Madura Cynthia , Luo Guoqin , Moutal Aubin , Streicher John , Gunatilaka A. A. Leslie , Khanna Rajesh
Published: March 2022

Background and purpose: Postoperative pain occurs in as many as 70% of
the over 230 million surgeries performed annually worldwide.
Postoperative pain management still relies on opioids despite their
negative consequences, resulting in a public health crisis. Therefore,
it is of utmost importance to develop alternative therapies to treat
chronic pain. Natural products derived from medicinal plants are
potential sources of novel and are potential sources biologically active
compounds for development of novel analgesics safe analgesics.
Experimental approach: Hence, in this study, we screened a library of
natural products to identify small molecules that target the activity of
voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels due to their important roles
in nociceptive sensory processing. Key Results: We found that fractions
derived from the Native American medicinal plant, Parthenium incanum,
inhibited depolarization-evoked calcium influx in rat dorsal root
ganglion (DRG) neurons. Further separation of these fractions yielded a
cycloartane-type triterpene identified as argentatin C which blocked the
activity of both voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels in calcium
imaging assays. Docking analysis predicted that argentatin C may bind to
NaV1.7-1.9 and CaV3.1-3.3 channels. Furthermore, voltage and current
clamp electrophysiology experiments showed that argentatin C decreased
Na+ and T-type Ca2+ currents as well as excitability in rat and macaque
DRG neurons. Consistent with these observations, argentatin C treatment
reversed mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of postsurgical pain.
Conclusions & Implications: The dual effect of argentatin C on
voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels supports its potential as a
novel treatment for painful conditions.
An opioid peptide analog relieves inflammatory allodynia by the direct inhibition of microglial activation: a μ opioid receptor independent effect
Authors: wang jing , Han Chaozhenyi , Ru Qiaomin , Li Kai , Yu Xiaohui , Wang Yuan , Li Na , Liu Xin , Wang Rui
Published: March 2022

Background and Purpose: Opioids are widely used in the treatment of
moderate and severe pain. Nociceptive stimulation and classical opioids
have been reported to potentially promote microglial activation and
neuroinflammation, which also reduces the analgesic effect of opioid
drugs and causes chronic pain sensitization. The aim of this study was
to demonstrate whether the novel opioid agonist MEL-0614 could inhibit
activated microglia and neuroinflammation while facilitating recovery
from persistent pain. Experimental approach: Mice were administered
lipopolysaccharide and formalin to induce allodynia. Von Frey test was
used to detect the anti-allodynia effect of MEL-0614 before and after
LPS and formalin injection. In the spinal cord, the levels of
proinflammatory cytokines and microglial activation were determined
after MEL-0614 administration. BV2 and primary microglia were cultured
to further explore the effect of MEL-0614 on LPS-induced microglial
activation and key signalling pathways involved. Key results: MEL-0614
prevented and reversed allodynia induced by LPS and formalin in vivo,
which was not inhibited by the μ opioid receptor antagonist CTAP.
MEL-0614 also downregulated the activation of microglia and related
proinflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord. Additionally, in BV2 and
primary microglia, MEL-0614 inhibited the LPS-induced upregulation of
proinflammatory factors, which was unaffected by CTAP. The NOD-like
receptor protein 3-related signalling pathway may be involved in the
interaction between MEL-0614 and microglia. Conclusion and Implications:
The opioid agonist MEL-0614 inhibited the activation of microglia and
the subsequent upregulation of proinflammatory factors both in vivo and
in vitro. Notably, this effect is not mediated by the opioid receptors.
Icariside Ⅱ preconditioning evokes robust neuroprotection against ischemic stroke: Targeting Nrf2 mediated by OXPHOS/NF-κB/ferroptosis pathway
Authors: Gao Jianmei , Ma Congjian , Chen Nana , Zhang Jianyong , Xu Fan , Li Fei , He Yuqi , Gong Qihai
Published: March 2022

Background and Purpose: Astrocytic nuclear factor erythroid-derived
2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a potential therapeutic target of ischemic
preconditioning (IPC). Icariside Ⅱ (ICS Ⅱ) is a naturally occurring
flavonoid derived from Herba Epimedii with Nrf2 induction potency. This
study was designed to clarify whether ICS Ⅱ simulates IPC
neuroprotection and to decipher if the astrocytic-Nrf2 is contributed to
ICS Ⅱ preconditioning against ischemic stroke. Experimental Approach:
Mice with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced
focal cerebral ischemia and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-injured
primary astrocytes were used to explore the neuroprotective of ICS Ⅱ
preconditioning. Additionally, Nrf2-deficient mice were pretreated with
ICS Ⅱ to determine whether ICS Ⅱ exerts its neuroprotection by
activating Nrf2. Key results: ICS Ⅱ pre-treatment dramatically mitigated
the cerebral injury in ischemic stroke mice along with restoring
long-term recovery. Furthermore, proteomics screening identified Nrf2 is
a crucial gene evoked by ICS Ⅱ stimulation and is required for the
anti-oxidative effect and anti-inflammatory effect of ICS Ⅱ. Most
interestingly, ICS Ⅱ directly bound with Nrf2 and reinforced the
transcriptional activity of Nrf2 after MCAO. Moreover, ICS Ⅱ
pre-treatment exerted cytoprotective effect on astrocytes after lethal
oxygen-glucose deprivation insult via promoting Nrf2 nuclear
translocation and mediating OXPHOS/NF-κB/ferroptosis axis. While,
abrogated neuroprotection in Nrf2-deficient mice and astrocyte potently
supports Nrf2-dependent neuroprotection of ICS Ⅱ. Conclusions and
implications: ICS Ⅱ preconditioning confers robust neuroprotection
against ischemic stroke via astrocytic Nrf2-mediated
OXPHOS/NF-κB/ferroptosis axis, it is concluded that ICS Ⅱ will be serve
as a promising Nrf2 activator to rescue ischemic stroke.
Assessing the change in soil water deficit characteristics from farmland to forestland on the Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhang Yongwang , Wang Jun , Wei Yaoyao , Zheng En , Liu Changhai
Published: March 2022

Soil moisture is an important factor that affects terrestrial vegetation
ecosystems and biological growth and development, and water deficit is
one of the major environmental factors threatening vegetation
restoration in the Loess Plateau. To determine the change in the soil
water deficit characteristics from farmland to forestland on the Loess
Plateau, in this study, we measured the soil water storage and deficit
in abandoned grassland, shrubland, pioneer forestland and climax
forestland along with vegetation succession. The results showed that the
soil water content and the soil water storage with natural vegetation
recovery from the abandoned grassland to shrubland and forestland showed
a gradual declining trend, while on the contrary, the soil water deficit
was increasing during succession, it was more severe in the deep soil
than in the shallow soil layers, and the soil water deficit in July and
September of the rainy season as well as that the vigorous growing
period of plants was more serious than that in May and November, which
are in the non-rainy season of the Chinese Loess Plateau. The vegetation
types, soil texture and soil depth were the key factors affecting the
soil water deficiency status in the process of vegetation succession.
The results could have great potential in the sustainable development of
forestry and provide a theoretical basis for effective water management
and reasonable vegetation restoration in arid and semiarid loess
regions.
Isolated epitrochlear lymphadenopathy as unique rare onset of Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Faiella Eliodoro , Santucci Domiziana , Cea Laura , Bernetti Caterina , Nibid Lorenzo , Tomarchio Valeria , Grasso Rosario Francesco , Zobel Bruno Beomonte
Published: March 2022

We report a case concerning an Hodgkin lymphoma in a 55-yo male with
isolated epitrochlear lymphadenopathy of his right arm. The aim is to
recapitulate the possible background diseases arising on the basis of an
asymptomatic epitrochlear lymphadenopathy and to review the Hodgkin
lymphoma presenting with this localization.
Two-Year Clinical Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy as initial treatment for Refractory Retinoblastoma Vitreous Seeding and concurrent retinal detachment: A Retrospective Case Series Study
Authors: li jizhu , Lin Ying , Lai Kunbei , Ma Yuan , Ye Huijing , Zheng Wenbin , Wu Yuqing , Chen Ziye , Liu Yaping , Liu Baoyi , Wei Xiaoyue , Chen Zitong , Tuxun Rebiya , Lin Cheng , Yang Huasheng , Li Tao
Published: March 2022

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of pars plana
vitrectomy (PPV) for recalcitrant vitreous seeding from retinoblastoma
and concurrent retinal detachment. Methods In this retrospective
interventional case series, intravitreal chemotherapy-assisted PPV was
performed in 6 patients with persistent retinoblastoma vitreous seeds
and concurrent retinal detachment. Globe salvage, retinal reattachment,
and visual preservation at last follow-up visit were calculated. Results
Six eyes, initially classified as group D (n=4) or E (n=2) with sphere
and (or) cloud vitreous seeds, received standard systemic with
intravitreal chemotherapy and subsequently developed refractory vitreous
seeds with concurrent retinal detachment. PPV produced complete
elimination of vitreous seeds in all 6 eyes and no vitreous seeding
recurred over a mean follow-up of 29.6 months. Globe salvage and
complete retina reattachment were attained in all 6 eyes (100%). Last
follow-up vision acuity was assessable in 4 eyes with 80% (3/4) better
than 0.4. Three eyes (50%) received repeated systemic or focal
treatment because of the recurrent retinal tumor. There was no case of
extraocular tumor extension or systemic metastasis. Conclusion
Administration of intravitreal chemotherapy-assisted PPV appears to be a
safe and effective alternation for the initial treatment of refractory
vitreous seeds from retinoblastoma. It is also a promising therapeutic
strategy to repair concurrent retinal detachment and preserve the
remaining visual function.
Morphometric evaluation of facial and vestibulocochlear nerves using magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Menière’s disease - a retrospective study
Authors: Flatz Wilhelm , Henneberger Annika , Guerkov Robert , Schinner Regina , Müller-Lisse Ullrich , Reiser Maximilian , Ertl-Wagner Birgit
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Several studies proposed a loss of neural structures in
Menière’s disease (MD). It has also been shown that VIIth and VIIIth
cranial nerves are enlarged within MD patients compared to normal
controls. We aimed to investigate potential differences in these two
nerves in patients with MD. Setting: 71 patients with MD were included,
53 showed clinically unilateral affection.
Constructive-interference-in-steady-state(CISS) and
3D-FLAIR-inversion-recovery(IR) sequences with two different slice
thicknesses were acquired on a clinical 3T magnetic resonance imaging
scanner. We evaluated morphometric properties of the VIIth and VIIIth
cranial nerves passing from the cerebellopontine angle to the inner ear
modiolus. In patients with clinically unilateral MD, we compared the
unaffected to the clinically affected side. In addition, we evaluated
the morphology of the nerves in correlation to symptom duration.
Results: The clinically unilateral MD-patients showed no significant
differences after Bonferroni correction when comparing the affected side
to the non-affected side of VIIth and VIIIth cranial nerves. There was
no significant difference between patients with different symptom
durations. Conclusions: Our data showed no differences in nerve
morphometry between the clinically non-affected and the clinically
affected side in patients with clinically unilateral MD. There was also
no correlation to duration of symptoms, in contrast to previously
demonstrated correlations between clinical features and the extent of
endolymphatic hydrops. A disease process starting before onset of
clinical symptoms could be a potential explanation.
A Case Report on Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures: a series of unfortunate events Dr Tamarie Rocke MBBS, MSc (Oxon.), 2022 DPhil candidate University of Oxford Department of Primary Care in the Nuffield Department of Medicine, tamarie.rocke@outlook.com; Dr Aniebiot-Abasi Udofia MBBCh, MRCP, MSc Candidate University of South Wales , aniebiot@gmail.com
Authors: Rocke Tamarie , Udofia Aniebiot-Abasi
Published: March 2022

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are a common and highly
disabling form of Functional Neurological Disorder (FND). The diagnosis
of PNES could be missed or delayed in various clinical scenarios,
including where patients present with concurrent
musculoskeletal/neurological findings. This case report examines these
pitfalls and their prevention.