bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md Faruq , Sarkar Mekhala , Alam Mohammad Tariqul , Ahmed Helal Uddin , Bhowmik Avra Das , Roy Susmita
Published: October 2024

The prevalence of psychiatric disorders is on rising trend in the country. This two stage nationwide multicentric community based cross sectional study was conducted by National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Dhaka during the period of September 2017 to July 2018 to determine the prevalence of psychiatric disordes and to identify common types of psychiatric disorders as well as to find out the physical illness in Bngladesh. In the first stage 19800 respondents in 140 clusters aged between 7 years and above were approached by the trained data collectors with standard printed questinnaires to collect information. Among them 19692 respondents were finally interviewed. Diagnoses of psychiatric disorders were made in the second stage of interview by research psychiatrists following DSM 5 diagnostic criteria of psychiatric disorders. The results showed that, the prevalence of psychiatric disorders was found 13.7% among population 18 years and above and 17.3% below 18 years of age. Division wise prevalence of adult psychiatric disorders were 15.5% in Rajshahi, 14.8% in Rangpur, 14.7% in Khulna, 14.2% in Dhaka, 13.8% in Chittagong, 13.6% in Sylhet and 13.0% in Barishal. Among total diagnosis of psychiatric disorders major depressive disorder were 24.8%, somatic symptom disorder 15.9%, generalized anxiety disorder 13.9%, neurodevelopmental disorders were 10.5%, schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders 4.7%, conduct disorder 4.7%, bipolar and related disorders 3.7%, obsessive compulsive disorder 3.1%, conversion disorder 1.8%, eneuresis 1.3% and dementia 1%. Data of this community survey will be used for planning of mental health services in Bangladesh.
Bang J Psychiatry 2019; 33(1): 1-6
Rapidly progressive young onset dementia: an atypical presentation of a confounding clinical scenario
Authors: Aziz Saqiba , Islam Md Faijul
Published: October 2024

Rapidly onset progressive dementia representing frontotemporal variety had a relentless debilitating impact which sometimes presented with psychological and behavioral symptoms leading to diagnostic dilemma. An adult male had been admitted into the hospital with the complaints of progressively odd and inappropriate social behavior, occasional self-muttering, confusion regarding his surroundings and lack of spontaneous speech for around 9 months. Initially, the patient was diagnosed as schizophrenia comorbid with delirium and treated accordingly. However, no improvement was apparent and the diagnosis was reviewed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed significant cerebral atrophy particularly in the frontal and temporal lobes and finally the case was diagnosed as early onset frontotemporal dementia. The clinician should be cautious about the psychiatric manifestations of frontotemporal dementia to avoid diagnostic error and to manage the patients with more specification from the beginning.
Bang J Psychiatry 2019; 33(1): 16-17
Nuevas estrategias organizacionales que el liderazgo ejercerá en un escenario de trabajo a distancia
Authors: García Valenzuela Ximena Sylvia , Vera Reino José Leonardo , Arteaga María Isabel
Published: October 2024

El objetivo del artículo fue analizar y dar a conocer cuáles son las estrategias organizacionales que el líder, a partir de la crisis Covid-19, deberá ejercer para la consecución de objetivos empresariales, tomando en cuenta la limitación del trabajo presencial. El estudio se basó en una revisión de literatura, analizando los cambios que debía experimentar el líder actual para enfrentar situaciones de  incertidumbre vividas por la crisis Covid-19. Los autores coincidieron en que la crisis Covid-19 generó una serie de cambios organizacionales y dilucidó las competencias requeridas por el líder para organizar y dirigir a su equipo en un escenario de trabajo a distancia, surgiendo así un líder más empático que promueve relaciones basadas en la confianza, transparencia y lealtad. Adicionalmente, se menciona que se desarrolló una cultura digital que favorece la comunicación y compromiso ante un escenario nuevo, mayor individualidad, dada la distancia y la incertidumbre al cambio.
Palabras clave: cambios organizacionales, Covid-19, estrategia organizacional, liderazgo, trabajo virtual
Abstract.The objective of the article was to analyze the organizational strategies that the leader, from the Covid crisis, should exercise in order to achieve business objectives, taking into account the limitation of face-to-face work. The study was based on a literature review, analyzing the changes to be experienced by the current leader to face situations of uncertainty such as those generated by the Covid crisis. The authors agreed that the Covid-19 Crisis prompted organizational changes and has mainly elucidated the competencies that the leader should have to organize and lead his team in a remote work scenario. The emergence of a more empathetic leader, who promotes relationships based on trust, transparency, and loyalty. A digital culture is being installed, which favors communication and commitment in a new scenario of greater individuality given the distance and uncertainty in the face of change.
Keywords: organizational changes, Covid-19, organizational strategy, leadership, virtual work
EDUCATIONAL TRAINING SIMULATOR FOR MONITORING READING TECHNIQUE AND SPEED BASED ON SPEECH-TO-TEXT (STT) METHODS
Authors: Barkovska Olesia , Ivashchenko Heorhii , Rosinskiy Dmytro , Zakharov Daniil
Published: October 2024

Роботу присвячено актуальному питанню – гейміфікації навчального процесу школярів молодших класів із застосуванням цифрових мобільних пристроїв на прикладі розробки симулятора навчального тренажера для контролю техніки та швидкості читання. Практична новизна дослідження полягає в можливості оптимізувати процес контролю техніки читання дітей з різними вадами мовлення, а саме – ліспінгом, ротацизмом та дислалією, що є невирішеною проблемою для існуючих комп’ютерних лінгвістичних моделей. Практична значущість полягає в тому, що використання інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій та гейміфікація процесу навчання мотивує до отримання знань та заохочує до навчання не тільки за рахунок ігрової стратегії, а й за рахунок того, що дитина отримує схвалення, можливість виконати завдання наново, удосконалюючи свої навички. Запропонований та протестований симулятор навчального тренажера для контролю техніки та швидкості читання школярів молодших класів для мобільного цифрового пристрою розпізнає голос дитини, із високою точністю (до 94,84%), виявляє неправильно прочитані слова та виконує підрахунок кількості прочитаних слів за відведений час. Архітектура запропонованої системи складається з наступних модулів: модуль підготовки, який забезпечує коректність функціонування системи не залежно від наявних мовленнєвих порушень; speech-to-text перетворювач безпосередньо конвертує голос дитини, яка читає текст на екрані гаджету, у текст; модуль порівняння текстів відповідає за порівняння тексту, прочитаного вголос, із текстом, отриманим у результаті конвертації. Результати тестування дітей з проблемами ліспінгу та ротацизму показали, що алгоритм Жаро має трохи вищу точність порівняння двох текстів (у середньому на 1.14%), і водночас більш короткий час порівняння для великих розмірів текстових масивів (на 39%). Результати тестування дітей з проблемою дислексії, а саме перестановка звуків у словах при читанні, також показали, що алгоритм Жаро має більш короткий час порівняння рядків для великих розмірів текстових масивів (на 7%). Більш короткий час роботи методів порівняння текстів при виявленні дислалії у дитини пояснюється тим, що при цьому порушенні не генеруються варіанти текстових масивів, а лише оцінюються можливі перестановки звуків.
Oyun Geliştirme Konulu Lisansüstü Tezlerin Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: Uzun Barancan , Güven Emel , Eren Tamer
Published: October 2024

Oyun geliştirme, bilgisayar, konsol, akıllı telefonlar gibi dijital platformlar için oyunların tasarımı, programlanması ve oluşturulmasını kapsayan bir süreçtir. Bu süreç grafik tasarım, yazılım mühendisliği, hikâye anlatımı ve ses tasarımı gibi çeşitli disiplinleri içerir. Çalışmada, 2008-2024 yılları arasında YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi'nde yayınlanan oyun geliştirme konulu 46 tez, bibliyometrik açıdan incelenmiştir. 2021-2024 yılları arasında bu alanda yapılan tezlerin sayısında artış gözlemlenmiştir ve en fazla yüksek lisans tezi yayımlanmıştır. Tezlerin çoğu devlet üniversitelerinde hazırlanmış olup, en çok çalışma Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi’nde yapılmıştır. Bilgisayar Mühendisliği en çok tez yazılan alan, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü en çok tez yazılan enstitü ve Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Eğitimi ise en sık tercih edilen ana bilim dalıdır. Tezler en fazla 2019 yılında atıf almış ve bu atıflar genellikle araştırma makalelerinden gelmiştir. British Journal of Educational Technology, en çok atıf yapılan dergi olarak öne çıkmıştır. Kitaplar, dergiler ve elektronik kaynaklar en çok atıfta bulunulan kaynaklardır.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Terhadap Peningkatan Mutu Hasil Belajar Siswa SMPN 13 Bekasi
Authors: Mumtaaz Tsumu Damara , Islami Tasya Bilkis , Jadid Khalis , Haryono Pauzan
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of cooperative learning models consisting of cognitive, affective and psychomotor on improving the quality of learning outcomes of SMPN 13 Bekasi students. The research method uses quantitative with the experimental type of pre-test, post test, non-equivalent control group design with primary data sources derived from the results of interviews and student observations, while secondary comes from journals, books, documents that support the results of research with data analysis using descriptive statistics and partial tests. The results showed that the cooperative learning model through the group investigation method had no effect on cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes in SMPN 13 Bekasi students which could be caused by less than optimal implementation, different student abilities, unsupportive group dynamics, minimal interaction between students or groups not functioning properly, this could result in stagnant learning outcomes and external variables that were not taken into account.
Relevansi Antara Puasa Dengan Kesehatan Fisik Pada Remaja
Authors: Dewi Dian Kusuma , Priyanti Septiani Olive , Alam Dede Rubai Misbahul , Darwis Darwis
Published: October 2024

Fasting is the restraint of hunger and thirst that is carried out in every month of Ramadhan by running it from dawn to sunset. Fasting must be carried out with serious intentions for a Muslim servant who obeys Allah ta’ala. In addition to enduring hunger and thirst, fasting also has an impact on not doing things that are prohibited such as committing adultery and can also make fasting makruh by saying harsh words or getting angry. This article uses the literature method by researching and reviewing from many sources. There are so many benefits of fasting, one of which is on human health and studies have recognized that fasting makes humans healthier and fitter. The research states that our stomach needs rest to process the rest of the food. Therefore, fasting becomes one time for the stomach does not work all the time and as well as other organs that need rest to improve the quality of functions for the heart and brain. The results show that fasting can be benefical for human physical health, especially for teenagers.
Bridging the gap between maritime archaeology and public engagement in the Arab region: Egypt as a case study
Authors: Nofal Nada
Published: October 2024

Public appreciation for Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) is vital for its protection. The Bahar Project tackles this challenge by providing Arabic-language outreach resources and workshops in Egypt. This initiative promotes UCH education and fosters a more inclusive understanding of this cultural heritage.
Reassessing Polybius’ account of the Battle of Aegates (241 BCE) using the underwater material culture found at the Egadi Islands
Authors: Davies Mark C.
Published: October 2024

The discovery of the naval battlefield of the Battle of the Aegates (241 BCE) has provided archaeologists with information on battlefield deposition in the Hellenistic period. Ancient war-galleys were armed with a copper-alloy waterline naval ram, yet few have survived in the archaeological record. However, since 2004 twenty-five Roman and Carthaginian rams or rostra have been found at the Egadi Islands. Each ram was cast to fit a particular warship thus providing data on the warship’s nature. This short report will argue that the combatant warships were smaller than Polybius claimed, and evidence of head-on ramming may demonstrate defensive manoeuvres.
Artificial Intelligence in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Alçın Adem , Yıldırım Asıf
Published: October 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a cancer with a broad spectrum of biological behavior and it is a heterogeneous nature. In order to prevent overdiagnosis and overtreatment, and to detect clinically significant PCa, standardized scoring and grading systems are used in imaging and pathological examinations. However, reproducibility and agreement between readers in these diagnostic stages, which require experience, are low. Promising results have been achieved by integrating artificial intelligence (AI)-based applications into the diagnosis and management of PCa. In radiological and pathological imaging, computer-aided diagnostic tools have increased clinical efficiency and achieved diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of experienced healthcare professionals. This review provides an overview of AI applications used in radiological imaging, prostate biopsy, and histopathological examination in the diagnosis of PCa.
Boron in wound healing: a comprehensive investigation of its diverse mechanisms
Authors: Sedighi-Pirsaraei Nasrin , Tamimi Amirhossein , Sadeghi Khamaneh Faraz , Dadras-Jeddi Sana , Javaheri Naz
Published: October 2024

Chronic wounds present a significant clinical challenge due to their prolonged healing time and susceptibility to infection. Boron, a trace element with diverse biological functions, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent in wound healing. This review article comprehensively investigates the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of boron compounds in wound healing. Boron exerts its healing properties through multiple pathways, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and pro-proliferative effects. Inflammation is a crucial component of the wound-healing process, and boron has been shown to modulate inflammatory responses by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoting the resolution of inflammation. Furthermore, boron exhibits antimicrobial activity against a wide range of pathogens commonly associated with chronic wounds, thereby reducing the risk of infection and promoting wound closure. The antioxidant properties of boron help protect cells from oxidative stress, a common feature of chronic wounds that can impair healing. Additionally, boron stimulates cell proliferation and migration, as well as essential tissue regeneration and wound closure processes. Overall, this review highlights the potential of boron as a novel therapeutic approach for treating chronic wounds, offering insights into its diverse mechanisms of action and clinical implications.
Biomechanical analysis of different techniques for residual bone defect from tibial plateau bone cyst in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Liu Dehua , Miao Zhuang , Zhang Wenfei , Liu Chuanwen , Du Longzhuo , Zhu Yuanlong , Luo Yange , Zheng Weibo , Zhou Jianli , Liu Peilai , Li Xuezhou , Li Ming
Published: October 2024

Background

In patients with tibial plateau bone cysts undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), bone defects commonly occur following tibial plateau resection. Current strategies for addressing these defects include bone grafting, bone cement filling, and the cement-screw technique. However, there remains no consensus on the optimal approach to achieve the best surgical outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the most effective repair method for residual bone defects following tibial plateau bone cyst repair during TKA from a biomechanical perspective.

Methods

The treatment options for tibial plateau bone defects were classified into four categories: no treatment, cancellous bone filling, bone cement filling, and the cement-screw technique. Finite-element analysis (FEA) was employed to evaluate stress distribution and displacement across the models for each treatment group. In addition, static compression mechanical tests were used to assess the displacement of the models within each group.

Results

FEA results indicate that when employing the cement-screw technique to repair tibial plateau bone defects, the maximum stress on the prosthesis and the cement below the prosthesis is minimized, while the maximum stress on the cancellous bone is maximized. And the displacement of each component is minimized. Biomechanical tests results further demonstrate that the displacement of the model is minimized when utilizing the cement-screw technique for tibial plateau bone defects.

Conclusion

Using cement-screw technique in treating residual tibial bone defects due to bone cysts in TKA offers optimal biomechanical advantages.
Research hotspots and trends of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for drug delivery: a bibliometric and visualization analysis from 2013 to 2023
Authors: Zhao Tianyuan , Mu Yuhao , Deng Haobin , Liang Kaini , Zhou Fanfan , Lin Qiyuan , Cao Fuyang , Zhou Feifei , Yang Zhen
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Our study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) in drug delivery research, focusing on the period between 2013 and 2023. Given the increasing global interest in this field, we utilized bibliometric tools to explore publication trends, key contributors, and thematic research clusters.

Methods

Data was collected from the Web of Science (WoS) database, and an in-depth bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer. The analysis encompassed bibliographic coupling, co-citation, co-authorship, and co-occurrence trends, offering a structured insight into global research activity. We also employed Citespace to further analyze thematic clusters in this domain.

Results

Our analysis revealed a total of 1,045 publications related to MSC-EVs in drug delivery over the past decade, showing a steady increase in research output. China led in publication count, H-index, prolific authors, and research funding, while the United States ranked highest in total citations, average citation counts, and H-index performance. Pharmaceutics emerged as the leading journal by publication volume, with the Journal of Controlled Release having the strongest total link strength. Top institutions driving research included Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhejiang University, and Harvard University. VOSviewer analysis identified four major research clusters: tissue engineering, cancer, neurological diseases, and targeted delivery. Citespace analysis refined this further into ten thematic areas, including differentiation, tissue regeneration, and drug resistance.

Discussion

This bibliometric assessment provides a holistic visualization of the research landscape for MSC-EVs in drug delivery, underlining the significant contributions of China and the United States. Our findings underscore the increasing global importance of MSC-EV research and highlight emerging themes that will likely guide future research directions. The insights from this study offer a foundational framework for identifying nascent frontiers in MSC-EV-based drug delivery.
PtosisDiffusion: a training-free workflow for precisely predicting post-operative appearance in blepharoptosis patients based on diffusion models
Authors: Huang Shenyu , Xie Jiajun , Yang Boyuan , Gao Qi , Ye Juan
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study aims to develop a diffusion-based workflow to precisely predict postoperative appearance in blepharoptosis patients.

Methods

We developed PtosisDiffusion, a training-free workflow that combines face mesh with ControlNet for accurate post-operative predictions, and evaluated it using 39 preoperative photos from blepharoptosis patients. The performance of PtosisDiffusion was compared against three other diffusion-based methods: Conditional Diffusion, Repaint, and Dragon Diffusion.

Results

PtosisDiffusion demonstrated superior performance in subjective evaluations, including overall rating, correction, and double eyelid formation. Statistical analyses confirmed that PtosisDiffusion achieved the highest overlap ratio (0.87 ± 0.07) and an MPLPD ratio close to 1 (1.01 ± 0.10). The model also showed robustness in extreme cases, and ablation studies confirmed the necessity of each model component.

Conclusion

PtosisDiffusion generates accurate postoperative appearance predictions for ptosis patients using only preoperative photographs. Among the four models tested, PtosisDiffusion consistently outperformed the others in both subjective and statistical evaluation.
Unveiling the dynamics of circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer: from biology to clinical applications
Authors: Dompé Claudia , Chojnowska Aleksandra , Ramlau Rodryg , Nowicki Michal , Alix-Panabières Catherine , Budna-Tukan Joanna
Published: October 2024

This review delves into the pivotal role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis, focusing on their biological properties, interactions with the immune system, advanced detection techniques, and clinical implications. We explored how metastasis-competent CTCs evade immune surveillance and proliferate, utilizing cutting-edge detection and isolation technologies, such as microfluidic devices and immunological assays, to enhance sensitivity and specificity. The review highlights the significant impact of CTC interactions with immune cells on tumor progression and patient outcomes. It discusses the application of these findings in clinical settings, including non-invasive liquid biopsies for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. Despite advancements, challenges remain, such as the need for standardized methods to consistently capture and analyze CTCs. Addressing these challenges through further molecular and cellular research on CTCs could lead to improved interventions and outcomes for CRC patients, underscoring the importance of unraveling the complex dynamics of CTCs in cancer progression.
Multiple Brucella melitensis lineages are driving the human brucellosis epidemic in Shaanxi Province, China: evidence from whole genome sequencing-based analysis
Authors: An Cuihong , Nie Shoumin , Luo Boyan , Zhou Dijia , Wang Wenjing , Sun Yangxin , Fan Suoping , Liu Dongli , Li Zhenjun , Liu Zhiguo , Chang Wenhui
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Human brucellosis is a severe public concern in Shaanxi Province, China, and investigating the epidemiological relationship and transmission pattern of B. melitensis is necessary to devise control strategies.

Methods

In this study, a conventional bio-typing approach and whole genome sequencing of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were employed to identify 189 strains.

Results

Based on the conventional bio-typing, 189 Brucella strains were identified as B. melitensis, of which 14 were in bv. 1, 145 were in bv. 3, and 30 were variant, and the Brucella strains were distributed in all ten cities in Shaanxi Province. SNP analysis was used to identify genetic variation in 189 B. melitensis genomes, and maximum-likelihood was used to generate a phylogeny that identified two clades (A and B) and 19 sequence types (STs). The two clades were highly diverse and exclusively of Eastern Mediterranean origin. Clade B contained 18 STs (2-19), with most isolates originating from a broad swath, implying that multiple B. melitensis lineages circulated in Shaanxi. The 19 STs were composed of 3 to 46 strains isolated from different counties and years, suggesting that multiple cross-county brucellosis outbreak events are driven by multiple B. melitensis lineages. Global phylogenetic analysis revealed that clade A was close to GTIIb, and clade B was placed in the GTIIh lineage, expanding the known diversity of B. melitensis from China.

Conclusion

The human brucellosis epidemic in Shaanxi is driven by multiple indigenous circulating B. melitensis lineages, the knowledge of which will contribute to devising a control strategy and providing the foundation for a comprehensive regional phylogeny of this important zoonotic pathogen.
Blood pressure and hypertension in older adults with a history of regular cannabis use: findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Corroon Jamie , Bradley Ryan , Allison Matthew A. , Grant Igor
Published: October 2024

Background

Observational evidence investigating associations between cannabis use and blood pressure and hypertension is inconsistent.

Methods

Cross-sectional data from 3,255 participants at Exam 6 (2016–2018) of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) were analyzed, including self-reported cannabis smoking patterns, standardized measures of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP; BP collectively), and hypertension. ANCOVA and multivariable relative risk regression models were used to calculate adjusted means for BP and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) for prevalent hypertension.

Results

In fully adjusted ANCOVA models, a history of regular cannabis smoking, when compared to no history, was not significantly associated with increased SBP [mean difference: 0.1 mmHg (95% CI: −1.6–1.9)], DBP [mean difference: 0.5 mmHg (95% CI: −0.3–1.4)], PP [mean difference: −0.5 mmHg (95% CI: −1.8–0.9)], or prevalent hypertension [PR: 1.01 (95% CI: 0.93−1.10)]. Furthermore, no associations were observed for either the duration or recency (in the past month) of cannabis smoking or number of joint/pipe years. Models exploring potential interactions between a history of regular cannabis smoking and age, sex, race/ethnicity, and cigarette smoking status were not significant for either BP or hypertension.

Conclusions

In a cohort of racially and ethnically diverse older adults with a high prevalence of hypertension, no evidence of increased risk due to regular cannabis smoking was found for either blood pressure or hypertension.
Reconstructing Holocene centennial cooling events: synthesized temperature changes, chronology, and forcing in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Gorbarenko Sergey A. , Shi Xuefa , Liu Yanguang , Bosin Aleksandr A. , Vasilenko Yuriy P. , Artemova Antonina V. , Yanchenko Elena A. , Zou Jianjun , Yao Zhengquan , Kirichenko Ivan S.
Published: October 2024

Numerous studies, spanning experimental, instrumental, historical, and modeled approaches, have delved into understanding climate change across the Holocene era and millennial-scale occurrences. However, the chronology and causes of centennial-scale climate events during the Holocene remain controversial. In this study, we overviewed 10 of the best-resolved and most accurately dated records detailing climate change in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) over the Holocene, obtained from different proxies across different climatic zones, and constructed a stack of temperature changes in the NH. Based on the constructed stack, we identified and categorized 15 notable Holocene centennial cooling events (HCCEs) in the NH (period with temperature decreases). To test the chronological validity of the constructed HCCEs, we compared them with the most accurately dated and highly resolved climate records during the last 3 kyr, which have been extensively investigated by the scientific community. Based on the close alignment of the outlined HCCEs with temperature records, we suggest that other HCCEs also match centennial climate cooling events over the last 10 kyr. To understand the origins of the established HCCEs, we compared them with potential climate influencing factors: total solar irradiance (TSI), explosive volcanic activity, Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC)-limited slowdowns, Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) fluctuations, and El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO variability. Early Holocene HCCE 5, terminated by a prominent 8.2-ka cold event, was likely driven by the superposition of the AMOC limited slowdown, TSI minimum, and volcanic activity. The Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) happened between HCCEs 5 and 4a and was interrupted by HCCE 4c and 4b, coeval, with a significant southward shift of the ITCZ, likely related to cooling in the tropical zone. However, the sequence of HCCEs 3b, 3a, and 2b (over 4.53–3.42 BP), accompanied by small changes in the TSI, was likely forced by an increase in ENSO variability, leading to remarkable changes in the tropical processes and a southward shift of the ITCZ, coeval with the collapse of the Chinese Neolithic cultures and onset of the Holocene Neoglacial. Subsequent HCCEs 2a–0a were likely forced by the TSI minimum combined with the influence of ENSO and volcanism over the last 2 ka.
Empowering urban development: geospatial modeling and zonation mapping in New Kabul City, Afghanistan
Authors: Amini Mohammad , Deng Longsheng , Hassan Waqas , Zidane Fatima Zahra , Zaryab Abdulhalim , Shahzad Arfan
Published: October 2024

The main difficulties in urban development, choosing a location, and creating preventative safety precautions are accurately characterizing and valuing subsurface soil information from a geotechnical and geological standpoint. This paper discusses how to define and build geotechnical subsoil soil zonation maps (SZMs) for the new Kabul city, Afghanistan, using traditional ArcGIS software assessing Kriging interpolation approaches. With the city’s expansion plans, including New Kabul City’s development, our research supports informed urban development strategies. Subsoil data from 2,13 locations across the city were collected from geotechnical studies, focusing on soil classification, Standard Penetration Test (SPT-N values), undrained shear strength, and consolidation characteristics up to 15 m depth. SPT-N and soil type were used to create SZMs, and other parameters were used to evaluate bearing capacity and settlement. The results revealed that SPT-N values divided the research region into three main sections: A (8–>50), B (13–>50), and C (14–>50). The subsurface strata consist of low-plasticity clay (CL) and clayey sand (SC) underlain by highly plastic clay (CH) and silt (MH). Linear regression predicted SPT-N values with depth, showing a strong R2 of 0.95. This speeds up sub-soil stiffness and strength assessments during building project planning and feasibility studies. The shallow Kabul foundation has an allowable bearing capacity of over 100 kPa, making it suitable for lightly loaded buildings. Predicting SPT-N levels has an 85% correlation coefficient, while soil type has 94%. Accurate geotechnical data on the soil’s underlying layers will help characterize the site and identify future project risks.
Research and application of hydraulic fracturing axial roof cutting technology for gently inclined hard roof based on abrasive jet
Authors: Sun Ruda , Zhao Zhipeng , Yang Wei , Li Hongping
Published: October 2024

In order to explore a new method and mode of gently inclined hard roof treatment, the hydraulic fracturing axial roof cutting technology based on abrasive jet is introduced, and the key technical parameters of abrasive jet axial cutting and fracturing are determined based on indoor experiments and field industrial experiments. Taking the mining of working face under the condition of hard roof in Kuangou Coal Mine as the background, the implementation process and the effect of mining process are tested by means of water pressure gauge, drilling peep and observation well water level observation, mi-croseismic monitoring, support fracture monitoring and coal stress monitoring. The research results show that the key technical parameters of slotting and fracturing are mastered in the axial cutting test of abrasive jet. Wherein the kerf depth is 200 m, the kerf length is 300 m, the kerf pressure is 40–50 mpa, the fracturing pressure is 50–55 mpa, and the fracturing time is 20–30 min. After grooving fracturing, the cracks in the roof strata are effectively generated and expanded, which destroys the integrity of the roof, and the fracturing radius is 10–20 m. During the mining period, compared with the tradi-tional blasting technology, the concentrated area of microseismic events was shifted from 80 m in front of the working face to 130 m after the combined treatment of abrasive jet axial roof cutting and blasting, and the microseismic energy release was mainly small energy events. After the application of abrasive jet axial roof cutting and scour prevention technology in hard roof, the periodic weighting step is obviously reduced, the influence range of mining stress and stress concentration coefficient are obviously reduced, the activity intensity and dynamic load effect of surrounding rock are obviously weakened. The research results provide a basis for effective prevention and control of rockburst disasters under the condition of hard roof.
An exploratory study of children’s expressive language productivity in relation to teachers’ use of communication-supporting strategies
Authors: Edlund Karin , Kjellmer Liselotte , Hemmingsson Helena , Berglund Eva
Published: October 2024

Supporting children’s language development, particularly oral language, is crucial as it constitutes the basis for the further development of literacy skills. This study explored patterns of primary school children’s expressive language productivity over time in relation to a professional development (PD) program designed to further teachers’ use of communication-supporting strategies to promote child talk. Framed by a Tier 2 response to intervention model, teacher-child verbal interactions were observed during structured small-group conversations. The participants were 36 children (M age 8;2 years old), with and without speech, language and communication needs (SLCN) attending three mainstream classes in two Swedish municipalities. Two teachers followed a 10-week PD program, and a third teacher participated for comparison purposes. We measured the children’s expressive language productivity in relation to the teachers’ strategy use pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at a two-month follow-up. In the results, we found a tendency that when the teachers used the strategies frequently, the children’s expressive language productivity seemed suppressed. Although the results showed a large variation in the children’s expressive language productivity, a tentative conclusion is that the children with SLCN may also be stimulated and willing to participate verbally during this type of small-group conversation. This finding suggests support for an inclusive Tier 2 approach of mixed groups with both children with and without SLCN. Based on our findings, we also suggest stressing in the PD program the need for teachers to balance their strategy use in the interactions with the children to provide ample opportunities for the children to talk and express themselves.
Adolescent autistic girls navigating their diagnosis in Swedish secondary school
Authors: Josefsson Helena , Taneja Johansson Shruti
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Adolescent autistic girls in mainstream schools experience more loneliness and exclusion than their peers. Swedish schools have a long tradition of working towards inclusion but, despite this commitment, these girls are at higher risk of absenteeism and failing to achieve educational objectives. Bearing this in mind, it is important to understand how autistic girls navigate their everyday school life from a first-hand perspective and develop a broader understanding of what shapes their opportunities for and barriers to participation.

Methods

This qualitative study draws on multiple semi-structured interviews with 11 autistic girls, aged 13–15, exploring how they navigate having an autism diagnosis within a Swedish secondary school context.

Results

While on a personal level the diagnosis itself was mostly perceived as positive, the girls expressed ambivalence about making sense of it in the school context. The girls expressed awareness of the perceptions and understanding of autism in their school setting, and their consequences in terms of both support and exclusion and stigmatisation. The sense of being perceived by others as different, accompanied by a desire to belong and an awareness of stigma, seemed to have a strong impact on how they navigated everyday school life. This created field of tension between the social context of school, its values and norms, and the girls’ personal experiences and views about autism.

Discussion

The girls’ accounts illustrate the complex reality of their school lives post diagnosis. Valuable implications for practice include the need to work towards a discourse in schools in which differences are seen as natural, and guidance post diagnosis to build the girls’ awareness and understanding and enable them to develop strategies for successfully navigating school.
Digital leadership in meta-organizations? Emergence of a renewed relevance of leadership in the context of digitization
Authors: Freis Tamara , Schröer Andreas
Published: October 2024

In the face of uncontrollable complexity, the concept of a rational design of the organization is being replaced by the notion of an open future that is inherently unpredictable and unplanable. In rapidly changing environments, organizations and leaders are confronted with a constant stream of irritations and unexpected developments, that require ongoing attention. This prompts the question of whether the conceptualization of digital transformation as a paradigm shift also implies the need for new forms of leadership. The article analyzes the discourse on digital leadership and assesses the extent to which this concept relativizes leadership in the context of the evolution of leadership theory, which is characterized by a persistent process of modification and relativization of preceding concepts. Leadership concepts are not only responsive to general needs, but also vary according to specific contexts, such as non-profit leadership or leadership in social welfare organizations and meta-organizations. Results of a discourse analysis, which underscore the significance of adopting a complexity theory perspective on digital leadership, will therefore be contrasted with the initial findings of an empirical study on digitization in such meta-organizations. This allows for a discussion of the general findings on the revitalization of leadership, which will serve as a paradigmatic example of the previously developed context. The article concludes with implications for further theory development with the aim of making a specific contribution to organization-sensitive digitization research. The findings of the empirical study indicate the significance of employing informal structures and a heightened emphasis on subjectivity within meta-organizations, as opposed to the formal structures of organizations. The concept of digital leadership does not signify the obsolescence of traditional leadership; rather, it can be conceptualized as an advanced form of unheroic leadership within the context of external and internal complexity.
Exploring diabesity pathophysiology through proteomic analysis using Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Subhadra Malaimegu , Mir Dilawar Ahmad , Ankita Koley , Sindunathy Muthukrishnan , Kishore Hambram David , Ravichandiran Velayutham , Balamurugan Krishnaswamy
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Diabesity, characterized by obesity-driven Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), arises from intricate genetic and environmental interplays that induce various metabolic disorders. The systemic lipid and glucose homeostasis is controlled by an intricate cross-talk of internal glucose/insulin and fatty acid molecules to maintain a steady state of internal environment.

Methods

In this study, Caenorhabditis elegans were maintained to achieve glucose concentrations resembling the hyperglycemic conditions in diabetic patients to delve into the mechanistic foundations of diabesity. Various assays were conducted to measure intracellular triglyceride levels, lifespan, pharyngeal pumping rate, oxidative stress indicators, locomotor behavior, and dopamine signaling. Proteomic analysis was also performed to identify differentially regulated proteins and dysregulated KEGG pathways, and microscopy and immunofluorescence staining were employed to assess collagen production and anatomical integrity.

Results

Worms raised on diets high in glucose and cholesterol exhibited notably increased intracellular triglyceride levels, a decrease in both mean and maximum lifespan, and reduced pharyngeal pumping. The diabesity condition induced oxidative stress, evident from heightened ROS levels and distinct FT-IR spectroscopy patterns revealing lipid and protein alterations. Furthermore, impaired dopamine signaling and diminished locomotors behavior in diabesity-afflicted worms correlated with reduced motility. Through proteomic analysis, differentially regulated proteins encompassing dysregulated KEGG pathways included insulin signaling, Alzheimer’s disease, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathways were observed. Moreover, diabesity led to decreased collagen production, resulting in anatomical disruptions validated through microscopy and immunofluorescence staining.

Discussion

This underscores the impact of diabesity on cellular components and structural integrity in C. elegans, providing insights into diabesity-associated mechanisms.
An ADMM approach for unit commitment with considering dynamic line rating
Authors: Dai Jiang , Tian Nianjie , Zhao Qian , Tang Chong , Xuan Peizheng , Cheng Lanfen
Published: October 2024

To enhance the transmission capabilities in power system scheduling, this paper develops a unit commitment model that incorporates dynamic transmission line capacities and proposes an efficient solving algorithm. A multi-scenario unit commitment model that integrates dynamic transmission line capacities is introduced, using quantile regression to construct a data-driven capacity increase model based on historical environmental data. The model is solved using Lagrangian relaxation and the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) to decouple dynamic constraints, allowing the dual problem to be decomposed into sub-problems and solved iteratively. The proposed model and algorithm are validated using the IEEE-118 and IEEE-300 test cases, demonstrating their effectiveness in handling dynamic transmission line capacities and improving scheduling performance.The approach provides a robust and flexible solution for power system scheduling, enhancing reliability and economic efficiency.
The role of cuproptosis in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Yixian , Sun Wenhao , Yuan Shaolin , Liu Xinxin , Zhang Ziqi , Gu Renjun , Li Pengfei , Gu Xin
Published: October 2024

As a biologically essential transition metal, copper is widely involved in various enzymatic reactions and crucial biological processes in the body. It plays an increasingly important role in maintaining normal cellular metabolism and supporting the growth and development of the human body. As a trace element, copper maintains the dynamic balance of its concentration in body fluids through active homeostatic mechanisms. Both excess and deficiency of copper ions can impair cell function, ultimately leading to cell damage and death. Cuproptosis is a novel form of cell death where copper ions cause cell death by directly binding to the lipoylated components of the citric acid cycle (CAC) in mitochondrial respiration and interfering with the levels of iron-sulfur cluster (Fe-S cluster) proteins, ultimately causing protein toxic stress. Its primary characteristics are Cu2+ concentration dependence and high expression in mitochondrial respiratory cells. Recent research has revealed that, compared to other forms of programmed cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, cuproptosis has unique morphological and biochemical features. Cuproptosis is associated with the occurrence and development of various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. This article focuses on a review of the relevance of cuproptosis in gastric cancer (GC).
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of STAT1 in porcine-derived cell lines to elucidate the role of STAT1 in autophagy following classical swine fever virus infection
Authors: Zhang Liyuan , Liang Dongli , Min Kaijun , Liang Jiaxin , Tian Yu , Liu Cheng , Luo Ting Rong , Li Xiaoning
Published: October 2024

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) plays a critical role in immune response, human STAT1 as a transcriptional suppressor of autophagy genes and autophagic activity. Classical swine fever virus (CSFV)-infected induce autophagy, leading to immune evasion. However, there are limited reports on the function of porcine STAT1 in autophagy during CSFV infection. There is also lack of suitable in vitro models for studying porcine STAT1. The objective of this study was to establish porcine PK-15 STAT1-/- and 3D4/21 STAT1-/- cell lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to investigate the function of the STAT1 in autophagy. The PK-15STAT1-/- and 3D4/21STAT1-/- cell lines, featuring homozygous knockout of STAT1 gene were successfully constructed using the CRISPR/Cas9 editing system. The knockout efficiency determined to be 82.4% and 81.1%, respectively. Infection with CSFV in porcine PK-15STAT1-/- and 3D4/21STAT1-/- cells led to an observable increase in autophagosomes as evidenced by transmission electron microscope. Additionally, STAT1 knockout (STAT1-/-) by the CRISPR/Cas9 system upregulated the expression of ULK1, Beclin1, and LC3 genes, thereby enhancing autophagy during CSFV infection. Conversely, overexpression of STAT1 downregulated the expression of ULK1, Beclin1, and LC3 genes, leading to inhibition of autophagy during CSFV infection.The application of an autophagy dual-fluorescent-tracking plasmid demonstrated that STAT1 knockout enhanced autophagy accumulation during CSFV infection, while STAT1 overexpression inhibited it. Moreover, the 3D4/21STAT1-/- cell line proved to be a more suitable in vitro model compared to the PK-15STAT1-/- cell line for elucidating the involvement of STAT1 in autophagy during CSFV infection.