bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a TNF Family-Based Signature for Predicting Prognosis, Tumor Immune Characteristics, and Immunotherapy Response in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Xiao Zheng , Nie Kechao , Han Tong , Cheng Lin , Zhang Zheyu , Peng Weijun , Shi Dazun
Published: September 2021

In this study, a comprehensive analysis of TNF family members in colorectal cancer (CRC) was conducted and a TNF family-based signature (TFS) was generated to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response. Using the expression data of 516 CRC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, TNF family members were screened to construct a TFS by using the univariate Cox proportional hazards regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator- (LASSO-) Cox proportional hazards regression method. The TFS was then validated in a meta-Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort (

n
=
1162

) from the GEO database. Additionally, the tumor immune characteristics and predicted responses to immune checkpoint blockade in TFS-based risk subgroups were analyzed. Eight genes (TNFRSF11A, TNFRSF10C, TNFRSF10B, TNFSF11, TNFRSF25, TNFRSF19, LTBR, and NGFR) were used to construct the TFS. Compared to the high-risk patients, the low-risk patients had better overall survival, which was verified by the GEO data. In addition, a high TFS risk score was associated with high infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs), nonactivated macrophages (M0), natural killer cells, immune escape phenotypes, poor immunotherapy response, and tumorigenic and metastasis-related pathways. Conversely, a low TFS risk score was related to high infiltration of resting CD4 memory T cells and resting dendritic cells, few immune escape phenotypes, and high sensitivity to immunotherapy. Thus, the eight gene-based TFS is a promising index to predict the prognosis, immune characteristics, and immunotherapy response in CRC, and our results also provide new understanding of the role of the TNF family members in the prognosis and treatment of CRC.
Monitoring of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Farms from 2014 to 2018
Authors: Hamed Engy Ahmed , Abdelaty May Fathy , Sorour Hend Karam , Roshdy Heba , AbdelRahman Mona Aly Abdelhalim , Magdy Ola , Ibrahim Waleed Abdelfatah. , Sayed Ahmed , Mohamed Hytham , Youssef Mohammed Iraqi , Hassan Wafaa Mohamed , Badr Heba
Published: September 2021

The current situation of antibiotic resistance of most bacterial pathogens was a threat to the poultry and public health with increasing economic losses. Regarding this problem, monitoring of the circulating microorganisms occurred with the antibiotic resistance profile. A total of 657 different samples from internal organs (liver, heart, lung, and yolk) and paper-lining chick boxes were collected from native chicken farms which were submitted to the Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production in the period from 2014 to 2018 for the detection of Salmonella, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Staphylococcus. The bacterial isolates were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion technique. Salmonella was isolated from 128 out of 657 (19.5%), E. coli was isolated from 496 out of 657 (75.5%), and Staphylococcus species was isolated from 497 out of 657 (75.6%). All Salmonella positive samples were examined for antibiotic resistance against 10 different antibiotics, and the highest percentage all over the five years was against penicillin, ampicillin, and tetracycline. All E. coli positive samples were examined for antibiotic resistance against 14 different antibiotics, and the highest percentage all over the five years was with ampicillin, tetracycline, norfloxacin, streptomycin, and danofloxacin. All Staphylococcus positive sample species were examined for antibiotic resistance against 14 different antibiotics, and the highest percentage of resistance all over the five years was shown with tetracycline, streptomycin, ampicillin, and nalidixic acid.
Fuzzy Annihilator Ideals of
C
-Algebra
Authors: Norahun Wondwosen Zemene , Alemayehu Teferi Getachew , Addis Gezahagne Mulat
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we introduce the concept of relative fuzzy annihilator ideals in C-algebras and investigate some its properties. We characterize relative fuzzy annihilators in terms of fuzzy points. It is proved that the class of fuzzy ideals of C-algebras forms Heything algebra. We observe that the class of all fuzzy annihilator ideals can be made as a complete Boolean algebra. Moreover, we study the concept of fuzzy annihilator preserving homomorphism. We provide a sufficient condition for a homomorphism to be a fuzzy annihilator preserving.
Refined Composite Multivariate Multiscale Fractional Fuzzy Entropy: Measuring the Dynamical Complexity of Multichannel Financial Data
Authors: Chu Huiqin , Wu Zhiyong , Zhang Wei
Published: September 2021

Refined composite multivariate multiscale fractional fuzzy entropy (RCmvMFFE), which aims to sensitively discriminate different short noisy multichannel financial data, is proposed as a new measure to quantify the complexity dynamics of multichannel time series in this work. To better comprehend the RCmvMFFE measure, the dynamical complexity analyses of multichannel synthetic dataset are comparatively studied with multivariate multiscale fuzzy entropy (mvMFE), refined composite multivariate multiscale fuzzy entropy (RCmvMFE), and refined composite multivariate multiscale fractional fuzzy entropy (RCmvMFFE). Then, these measures are firstly employed to explore actual multichannel financial index series to the best of our knowledge. The empirical analyses report that RCmvMFFE measure is able to deeply and sensitively dig up the market information hidden in the multichannel financial data and can better discriminate markets in different area compared to the traditional measures to some extent.
Wavelet Packet Transform-Assisted Least Squares Support Vector Machine for Gear Wear Degree Diagnosis
Authors: Wang Hongmin , Chan Liang
Published: September 2021

Wear degree detection of gears is an effective way to prevent faults. However, due to the interference of high-speed meshing vibration and environmental noise, the weak vibration signal generated by the gear is easily covered by the noise, which makes it difficult to detect the degree of wear. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel gear wear degree diagnosis method based on local weighted scatter smoothing method (LOWESS), wavelet packet transform (WPT), and least square support vector machine (APSO-LSSVM) optimized by adaptive particle swarm algorithm. According to the low signal-to-noise ratio characteristic of gear vibration signal, LOWESS is first used to preprocess the signal spectrum. Then, the characteristic parameters used to characterize gear wear are extracted from different decomposition depths by WPT and, finally, combined with APSO-SVM to diagnose the degree of gear wear. Compared with the basic least squares support vector machine, the improved method has better performance in sample classification. The experimental results show that the method in this paper can effectively reduce the diagnosis error caused by background noise, and the diagnosis accuracy reaches 98.33%, which can provide a solution for the health status monitoring of gears.
Traditional Medicinal Plants as a Source of Antituberculosis Drugs: A System Review
Authors: Xu Yuhui , Liang Bowen , Kong Chengcheng , Sun Zhaogang
Published: September 2021

Medicinal plants are the chief components in the different oriental formulations in different traditional medical systems worldwide. As a thriving source of medicine, the medicinal plants with antituberculosis (TB) properties inspire the pharmacists to develop new drugs based on their active components or semimetabolites. In the present review, the anti‐TB medicinal plants were screened from the scientific literatures, based on the botanical classification and the anti‐TB activity. The obtained anti‐TB medicinal plants were categorized into three different categories, viz., 159 plants critically examined with a total 335 isolated compounds, 131 plants with their crude extracts showing anti‐TB activity, and 27 plants in literature with the prescribed formula by the traditional healers. Our systemic analysis on the medicinal plants can assist the discovery of novel and more efficacious anti‐TB drugs.
The Effect of the Platelet Administration for the Patients with Liver Dysfunction after Liver Resection: Preliminary Clinical Trial
Authors: Xu Hui , Li Yu-Mei , Yi Yongxiang , Zheng Yun-Wen , Ohkohchi Nobuhiro
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of platelet on the improvement of deteriorated liver function after liver resection. Six patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis have received the partial hepatectomy in the institution. Their Child–Pugh grade was B, and platelet count was below 7,000/µl. After hepatectomy, 20 units of platelet transfusion were carried out, liver function and side effects were investigated after 4 weeks, and the number of platelets increased to approximately 15,000/µl. Liver functions, such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholinesterase (ChE), and prothrombin time, as well as albumin, recover to the same level as those before operation and 4 weeks after the operation. Any side effects were not recognized in all patients. Administration of platelets for cirrhotic patient with hepatectomy was carried with safety. But remarkable effect on the improvement of liver function was not recognized.
Postquantum Cut-and-Choose Oblivious Transfer Protocol Based on LWE
Authors: Ding Hangchao , Jiang Han , Xu Qiuliang
Published: September 2021

We propose postquantum universal composable (UC) cut-and-choose oblivious transfer (CCOT) protocol under the malicious adversary model. In secure two-party computation, we construct

s

copies’ garbled circuits, including half check circuit and half evaluation circuit. The sender can transfer the key to the receiver by CCOT protocol. Compared to PVW-OT [6] framework, we invoke WQ-OT [35] framework with reusability of common random string (

crs

) and better security. Relying on LWE’s assumption and the property of the Rounding function, we construct an UC-CCOT protocol, which can resist quantum attack in secure two-party computation.
Investigating Mobile Banking Continuance Intention: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Hidayat-ur-Rehman Imdadullah , Ahmad Arshad , Khan Muhammad Nauman , Mokhtar Shamsul Anuar
Published: September 2021

Building on IS research, this study investigates m-banking continuance from an emerging market perspective. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study presents m-banking continuance phenomenon through an integrated model. Study 1 focuses on qualitative interviews of mobile banking users, whereas study 2 empirically tests the conceptual model derived from literature and the results of study 1. Study 1 reveals three additional constructs, perceived ubiquity, perceived autonomy, and perceived security concerns to the existing literature-based constructs. However, the results of study 2—a survey of 390 m-banking users—provide empirical evidence to support the hypotheses drawn in the proposed conceptual model. The results reveal that perceived ubiquity, perceived usefulness, satisfaction, facilitating conditions, perceived security concerns, and trust have emerged as significant direct influencers on m-banking continuance. Moreover, the study offers practical academic and managerial implications regarding m-banking.
High-burden Cancers in Middle-income Countries: A Review of Prevention and Early Detection Strategies Targeting At-risk Populations
Authors: Dare Anna J. , Knapp Gregory C. , Romanoff Anya , Olasehinde Olalekan , Famurewa Olusola C. , Komolafe Akinwumi O. , Olatoke Samuel , Katung Aba , Alatise Olusegun I. , Kingham T. Peter
Published: September 2021

Cancer incidence is rising in low- and especially middle-income countries (MIC), driven primarily by four high-burden cancers (breast, cervix, lung, colorectal). By 2030, more than two-thirds of all cancer deaths will occur in MICs. Prevention and early detection are required alongside efforts to improve access to cancer treatment. Successful strategies for decreasing cancer mortality in high-income countries are not always effective, feasible or affordable in other countries. In this review, we evaluate strategies for prevention and early detection of breast, cervix, lung, and colorectal cancers, focusing on modifiable risk factors and high-risk subpopulations. Tobacco taxation, human papilloma virus vaccination, cervical cancer screen-and-treat strategies, and efforts to reduce patient and health system–related delays in the early detection of breast and colorectal cancer represent the highest yield strategies for advancing cancer control in many MICs. An initial focus on high-risk populations is appropriate, with increasing population coverage as resources allow. These strategies can deliver significant cancer mortality gains, and serve as a foundation from which countries can develop comprehensive cancer control programs. Investment in national cancer surveillance infrastructure is needed; the absence of national cancer data to identify at-risk groups remains a barrier to the development of context-specific cancer control strategies.
Checkpoint Blockade + Chemotherapy: the Right Combination for AML?
Authors: Wei Spencer C. , Mancuso James J. , Daver Naval , Allison James P.
Published: September 2021

An emerging strategy to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in relapsed/refractory cancers is increasing immunogenic cell death via combination with cytotoxic therapies. Understanding the effects of cytotoxic and immunotherapeutic agents on immune cell populations will enable improved mechanism-based design of combination therapies to maximum efficacy and minimum toxicity.

See related article by Zeidner et al., p. 616.
Time Devoted to Individual, Collective, and Two-Person Sports: Its Association with Risk of Exercise Addiction and Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Vansteene Clément , Kaya Lefèvre Héline , Gorwood Philip
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Although sport activities have beneficial effects on health, excessive practice can lead to exercise addiction (EA), which can be associated with other addictive behaviors. However, results regarding the comorbidities between EA and alcohol use disorder (AUD) remain heterogeneous. This study aims to investigate the relationship between a proxy of AUD and different sport practices, more specifically focusing on EA. Methods: One thousand nine hundred eighty-five (N = 1,985) participants were recruited online and selected to represent the French adult population. Participants were asked to answer questions regarding sport activity, with the EA inventory questionnaire investigating EA, and alcohol consumption, with the CAGE questionnaire investigating a proxy of AUD (score ≥2). Results: AUD was associated with a higher risk of EA and with more time devoted to collective sports (such as football) and two-person sports (such as tennis). The risk of EA was higher for individual sports (such as running), and the risk of AUD seems to increase with the level of physical activity for collective sport but to decrease for individual sports. The type of sports partly but significantly mediated the relationship between AUD and EA. Conclusions: Results support the hypothesis that different types of sport have different risks for EA (individual sports being more concerned) and AUD (collective sports being more concerned). Results suggest that the type of sports may be a crucial variable to understand how physical activity can be a risk factor for alcohol disorders. The social dimension of collective sports should be further investigated to facilitate preventive approaches.
Effects of Body Weight on the Safety of High-Dose Donepezil in Alzheimer’s Disease: Post hoc Analysis of a Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel Design, Three-Arm Clinical Trial
Authors: Hong Yun Jeong , Han Hyun Jeong , Youn Young Chul , Park Kyung Won , Yang Dong Won , Kim SangYun , Kim Hwa Jung , Kim Hyung-Ji , Lee Yoojin , Kwon Miseon , Lee Jae-Hong ,   on behalf of the ODESA study (Optimal Dose Escalation Strategy to Successful Achievement of High Dose Donepezil 23 mg)
Published: September 2021

Background: Donepezil 23 mg is considered for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to optimize cognitive benefits; however, increased adverse events (AEs) can negatively influence drug adherence. We investigated whether body weight (BW) differs based on the presence of AEs, and which baseline factors were relevant to the safety of high-dose donepezil. Methods: This study was a post hoc analysis of a multicenter randomized trial between 2014 and 2016. We included patients with moderate to severe AD treated with 10 mg/day of donepezil, and the daily dose was escalated to 23 mg with/without dose titration. Dose titration indicates 15 mg/day of donepezil before escalation or 10 mg and 23 mg/day on alternate days before escalation during the first 4 weeks. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on occurrence of AEs of special interest (AESIs) to compare baseline characteristics. We also assessed relationships between BW and AESIs. Results: Among the 160 participants in the safety population, the baseline BWs differed between the AESI (+) (n = 67) and AESI (−) (n = 93) groups. Baseline BW was inversely correlated with the occurrence of AESIs (p = 0.020), and this relationship was prominent in the no-dose titration group (p = 0.009) but absent in the dose-titration groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: BW is the most important factor that correlated with cholinergic AEs. Hence, stepwise dose titration should be considered, particularly in patients with low BW, to minimize the inverse relationship between BW and the occurrence of AEs (“Clinicaltrials.gov” No. NCT02550665 registered on September 15, 2015).
Association between Serum Uric Acid and Hypertension in Han and Yugur of Gansu Province: The China National Health Survey
Authors: Yu Chengdong , Ren Xiaolan , Pan Li , Zhao Hongjun , Wang Ye , Chang Lijun , He Huijing , Xi Jin’en , Shan Guangliang
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Serum uric acid (SUA) has been found correlated with an increased risk of hypertension, but evidence is sparse regarding the association in Gansu Province, especially in Yugur people. This study aimed to explore the nonlinear relationship between SUA levels and hypertension in Han and Yugur people in China. Methods: The cross-sectional study samples (n = 5,327) were from the China National Health Survey (CNHS) in Gansu Province. Participants were selected using a multistage stratified cluster sampling method. SUA was measured by enzymatic methods. The restricted cubic spline regression was performed to evaluate the shape of the association. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension and hyperuricemia was 28.4% and 17.0%, respectively, in this study. Comparing the highest (>416.4 μmol/L) to the lowest (<254.1 μmol/L) SUA level groups, the multivariable adjusted differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in blood pressure (BP) were 6.15 (4.22, 8.08) mm Hg and 4.87 (3.51, 6.23) mm Hg for SBP and DBP in Han, and 2.22 (−0.73, 5.18) mm Hg and 2.56 (0.38, 4.75) mm Hg for SBP and DBP in Yugur people, respectively. The corresponding odds ratios (95% CIs) for hypertension were 3.16 (2.26, 4.43) and 2.37 (1.46, 3.89) in Han and Yugur people, respectively. The restricted cubic spline regression models illustrated that both BP level and the risk of hypertension increased with elevated SUA levels in Han and Yugur people. Conclusions: SUA was significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of hypertension in Han and Yugur people. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Setorialidade ou intersetorialidade? O caso das políticas públicas de lazer em Brotas, São Paulo
Authors: Ribeiro Olívia Cristina Ferreira , Amaral Sílvia Cristina Franco
Published: September 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as políticas públicas de lazer de Brotas/SP, na gestão municipal de 2009-2012 e se a intersetorialidade estava presente nessa gestão. O foco foram as secretarias que mantinham ações sobre o tema (Esportes e Cultura, Turismo, Meio Ambiente, Educação e Ação Social). Analisamos se a setorialidade ou a intersetorialidade estavam mais presentes na gestão de políticas públicas de lazer do município. Como método, usamos a análise documental, observações das reuniões e entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores e servidores daquelas secretarias. Concluímos que, ao se pensar na efetivação do direito ao lazer, as políticas públicas implementadas em Brotas ainda são muito tímidas. Elemento catalisador, as práticas corporais de lazer na natureza se apresentam muito restritas ao cidadão brotense, tornando-se um privilégio para o turista que pode pagar operadoras que, de certo modo, privatizaram espaços naturais de interesse público. Assim, antes da defesa da intersetorialidade, é fundamental a materialização do lazer como política setorial forte e com gestores e técnicos com competência técnica e política, capazes de defender e fazer valer suas posições no jogo político. Há que se pensar que tal fato também decorre de uma sustentação argumentativa em prol da democratização do lazer.
Preconceitos no esporte escolar: um contexto de discursos heteronormativos e homossexualidade
Authors: Silva Jarlson Carneiro Amorim da , Caminha Iraquitan de Oliveira , Fernandes Bertyza Carvalho de Falcão
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar como a hegemonia dos dispositivos heteronormativos e preconceitos no espaço escolar interferem na vida de atletas escolares que se definem como homossexuais. Para tanto, foi realizada uma apreciação da literatura acerca da temática investigada, bem como uma série de entrevistas com os sujeitos da pesquisa por meio de um roteiro semiestruturado. Foram estabelecidas interlocuções com os 43 atletas de um time masculino de voleibol amador chamado de Star Play, que se autoidentificam como gays, na cidade de João Pessoa-Paraíba. Percebemos o quanto a impregnação dos referenciais de preconceito à prática homossexual ainda estão presentes em diferentes contextos sociais, em especial no contexto escolar. Assim, faz-se necessário refletirmos sobre as práticas e posturas em relação aos referenciais de gênero que estão sendo desenvolvidas nas escolas, a fim de não fortalecermos o preconceito ao longo do processo de escolarização do indivíduo.
Memorial Acadêmico
Authors: Lafetá João Luiz
Published: September 2021

Apresentado para concurso de efetivação como professor no DTLLC, onde já vinha trabalhando desde 1978. Originalmente publicado na revista Literatura e Sociedade, n. 3, São Paulo, 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2237-1184.v0i3p85-99
Memorial Acadêmico
Authors: Arrigucci Júnior Davi
Published: September 2021

Reprodução do memorial apresentado para o concurso de Professor Titular do Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada da Universidade de São Paulo, no ano de 1990.
Memorial Acadêmico
Authors: Schwarz Roberto
Published: September 2021

Reprodução do memorial apresentado para o concurso de Professor Titular de Literatura Brasileira do Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, no ano de 1990. O documento original possui 12 páginas de impressão matricial.
Entrevista com Davi Arrigucci Júnior
Authors: Arrigucci Júnior Davi
Published: September 2021

Concedida a Neide Luzia de Rezende e Airton Paschoa. Originalmente publicada na revista Magma, n. 4, p. 13-40, São Paulo, dez /1997. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2448-1769.mag.1997.80785
Entrevista com Aurora Fornoni Bernardini
Authors: Bernardini Aurora Fornoni
Published: September 2021

Concedida a Ricardo Azevedo e Ricardo Iannace. Originalmente publicada na revista Magma, n. 6, p. 13-38, São Paulo, dez /1999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2448-1769.mag.1999.70436
Entrevista com Boris Schnaiderman
Authors: Schnaiderman Boris
Published: September 2021

Concedida a Daniel Cantinelli Sevillano, sob a orientação do professor Sedi Hirano, em ocasião das comemorações dos 70 anos da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas. Originalmente publicada em Informe. Informativo da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo, v. 1, Ed. Especial, p. 174-6, São Paulo, 2004.
Celso de Rui Beisiegel, favorável
Authors: Beisiegel Celso de Rui
Published: September 2021

Parecer de 08-12-1989, do professor Celso de Rui Beisiegel, então diretor da Faculdade de Educação e vice-diretor e de chefe do Departamento de Filosofia da Educação e Ciências da Educação, da Universidade de São Paulo, constante no processo nº 87.1.854.8.3, como favorável à criação do Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada.
Liaisons dangereuses: aspectos biográficos de Roman Jakobson durante seu período tcheco (1920-1939)
Authors: Vaz Valteir
Published: September 2021

Numa perspectiva ampla, este ensaio aborda a vida de Roman Jakobson durante sua permanência de quase vinte anos na Tchecoslováquia, entre 1920 e 1939. Trata-se de uma abordagem puramente biográfica que contempla particularmente ligações, dificuldades, perseguições e desconfianças que fizeram parte do convívio do filólogo com autoridades políticas em Praga e Brno.
Jan Mukařovský ressuscitado: o que resta hoje da Escola de Praga?
Authors: Volek Emil
Published: September 2021

O ensaio apresenta um panorama amplo do estruturalismo tcheco tal como desenvolvido pela Escola de Praga, tomando como referência a obra de um de seus principais integrantes: Jan Mukařovský. O estudo também aborda a questão do descaso internacional no que se refere ao reconhecimento dos trabalhos da Escola, particularmente pela intelectualidade francesa. Na correlação da obra de Mukařovský com as teorias (literárias) mais recentes, contempla-se, em linhas gerais, entre outros, aspectos importantes do New Criticism, Pós-estruturalismo e Desconstrução.
Política y poética:el hispanismo checo y la Escuela de Praga en Latinoamérica
Authors: Belousova Anastasia
Published: September 2021

El ensayo gira en torno a ciertos episodios de la historia de la difusión de las ideas de la Escuela de Praga en América Latina. Después de proponer una breve contextualización histórica, la autora describe el papel del hispanista checo Oldřich Bělič en este proceso, en particular, los contactos de Bělič con los ambientes académicos de Chile, Cuba y Colombia, y sus publicaciones en estos países. Se presentan también los aportes que hicieron al intercambio intelectual dos de sus más destacados alumnos de la Universidad Carolina, que dejaron su país natal después de 1968: Jarmila Jandová y Emil Volek. En dos ediciones ejemplares, publicadas en Bogotá, Jandová y Volek  tradujeron y comentaron para el lector hispanohablante las obras de Jan Mukařovský y de otros representantes del pensamiento estético checo. En la última parte del ensayo se proponen unas breves observaciones sobre la repercusión de la teoría literaria checa en los trabajos de los críticos latinoamericanos (Roberto Fernández Retamar, Nelson Osorio Tejeda, Iván Padilla Chasing), quienes, gracias a la intermediación de Bělič, Jandová y Volek, entraron en contacto directo con el legado de la Escuela de Praga.
Herbatian formalism in Bohemia
Authors: Steiner Peter
Published: September 2021

From a bird’s eye view, the history of 19th century aesthetics can be cast in terms of strife between two mutually opposed philosophical camps. On the one hand, the champions of a content-oriented understanding of beauty as the sensory manifestation of the idea (the followers of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel) and, on the other hand, the formalists (inspired by Johann Friedrich Herbart) who conceived of beauty as a purely relational category devoid of any content. My paper focuses on the robust development of the formal school at Prague University after 1850 exemplified by the theories of Robert Zimmermann (1824-1898), Josef Durdík (1837-1902), and Otakar Hostinský (1847-1910). It concludes with posing the question whether the structuralist aesthetics advanced in mid-1930s by the Prague Linguistic Circle was not, in fact, an echo of the indigenous Herbartian formalism.
Lymphoid blast transformation in an MPN with BCR-JAK2 treated with ruxolitinib: putative mechanisms of resistance
Authors: Chen Justin Anthony , Hou Yanli , Roskin Krishna M. , Arber Daniel A. , Bangs Charles D. , Baughn Linda B. , Cherry Athena M. , Ewalt Mark D. , Fire Andrew Z. , Fresard Laure , Kearney Hutton M. , Montgomery Stephen B. , Ohgami Robert S. , Pearce Kathryn E. , Pitel Beth A. , Merker Jason D. , Gotlib Jason
Published: September 2021

The basis for acquired resistance to JAK inhibition in patients with JAK2-driven hematologic malignancies is not well understood. We report a patient with a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) with a BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase (BCR)–JAK2 fusion with initial hematologic response to ruxolitinib who rapidly developed B-lymphoid blast transformation. We analyzed pre-ruxolitinib and blast transformation samples using genome sequencing, DNA mate-pair sequencing (MPseq), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and chromosomal microarray to characterize possible mechanisms of resistance. No resistance mutations in the BCR-JAK2 fusion gene or transcript were identified, and fusion transcript expression levels remained stable. However, at the time of blast transformation, MPseq detected a new IKZF1 copy-number loss, which is predicted to result in loss of normal IKZF1 protein translation. RNA-seq revealed significant upregulation of genes negatively regulated by IKZF1, including IL7R and CRLF2. Disease progression was also characterized by adaptation to an activated B-cell receptor (BCR)–like signaling phenotype, with marked upregulation of genes such as CD79A, CD79B, IGLL1, VPREB1, BLNK, ZAP70, RAG1, and RAG2. In summary, IKZF1 deletion and a switch from cytokine dependence to activated BCR-like signaling phenotype represent putative mechanisms of ruxolitinib resistance in this case, recapitulating preclinical data on resistance to JAK inhibition in CRLF2-rearranged Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Genomic evaluation of milk yield in a smallholder crossbred dairy production system in India
Authors: Al Kalaldeh Mohammad , Swaminathan Marimuthu , Gaundare Yuvraj , Joshi Sachin , Aliloo Hassan , Strucken Eva M. , Ducrocq Vincent , Gibson John P.
Published: September 2021

Background

India is the largest milk producer globally, with the largest proportion of cattle milk production coming from smallholder farms with an average herd size of less than two milking cows. These cows are mainly undefined multi-generation crosses between exotic dairy breeds and indigenous Indian cattle, with no performance or pedigree recording. Therefore, implementing genetic improvement based on genetic evaluation has not yet been possible. We present the first results from a large smallholder performance recording program in India, using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes to estimate genetic parameters for monthly test-day (TD) milk records and to obtain and validate genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV).

Results

The average TD milk yield under the high, medium, and low production environments were 9.64, 6.88, and 4.61 kg, respectively. In the high production environment, the usual profile of a lactation curve was evident, whereas it was less evident in low and medium production environments. There was a clear trend of an increasing milk yield with an increasing Holstein Friesian (HF) proportion in the high production environment, but no increase above intermediate grades in the medium and low production environments. Trends for Jersey were small but yield estimates had a higher standard error than HF. Heritability estimates for TD yield across the lactation ranged from 0.193 to 0.250, with an average of 0.230. The additive genetic correlations between TD yield at different times in lactation were high, ranging from 0.846 to 0.998. The accuracy of phenotypic validation of GEBV from the method that is believed to be the least biased was 0.420, which was very similar to the accuracy obtained from the average prediction error variance of the GEBV.

Conclusions

The results indicate strong potential for genomic selection to improve milk production of smallholder crossbred cows in India. The performance of cows with different breed compositions can be determined in different Indian environments, which makes it possible to provide better advice to smallholder farmers on optimum breed composition for their environment.
The role of multimodality imaging in diagnosing acute perimyocarditis secondary to Crohn’s disease
Authors: Prameswari Hawani Sasmaya , Balakrishnan Iswaree Devi , Khoo Chun Yuan , Teo Loon Yee , Chan Lihua Laura , Ng Choon Ta
Published: September 2021

Background

Acute perimyocarditis is a rare extra-intestinal manifestation in Crohn’s disease which required multimodality imaging to confirm the diagnosis. Here we present a case of acute perimyocarditis as the first presentation of Crohn’s disease. To date, this is the first case presentation reporting the use of 18F-FDG PET/CT Scan for diagnosing such condition.

Case presentation

A 25-year-old male presented to our hospital with severe persistent pleuritic sharp left-sided chest pain. This was his second hospital admission in the past 4 months for chest pain and diarrhea. At the first hospitalization, he was diagnosed with viral perimyocarditis and irritable bowel syndrome. Laboratory findings, electrocardiogram, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging results confirm the diagnostic of perimyocarditis. Virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and autoimmune evaluations were unremarkable. Colonoscopy, colorectal biopsy, and 18FGD PET findings confirmed manifestation of perimyocarditis, Crohn’s disease, and negative for sarcoidosis.

Conclusions

Looking at the overall clinical picture and investigation results of colonoscopy, colorectal biopsy findings, as well as multi-modality imaging with echocardiography, 18FDG PET—scan and CMRI, the patient was diagnosed to have perimyocarditis attending Chron’s disease flare up as a rare extra-intestinal manifestation.
A multicenter study of incidence, risk factors and outcomes of babies with birth asphyxia in Nepal
Authors: Sunny Avinash K. , Paudel Prajwal , Tiwari Jagannath , Bagale Bishow Bandhu , Kukka Antti , Hong Zhou , Ewald Uwe , Berkelhamer Sara , Ashish KC
Published: September 2021

Background

Perinatal events which result in compromised oxygen delivery to the fetus can lead to Birth Asphyxia (BA). While the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of BA have been characterized, less is known in low resource settings.

Aim

To determine the incidence of Birth Asphyxia (BA) in Nepal and to evaluate associated risk factors and outcomes of this condition.

Methods

A nested observational study was conducted in 12 hospitals of Nepal for a period of 14 months. Babies diagnosed as BA at ≥37 weeks of gestation were identified and demographics were reviewed. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression followed by multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

The incidence of BA in this study was 6 per 1000 term livebirths and was higher among women 35 years and above. Predictors for BA were instrumented vaginal delivery (aOR:4.4, 95% CI, 3.1–6.1), fetal distress in labour (aOR:1.9, 95% CI, 1.0–3.6), malposition (aOR:1.8, 95% CI, 1.0–3.0), birth weight less than 2500 g (aOR:2.0, 95% CI, 1.3–2.9), gestational age ≥ 42 weeks (aOR:2.0, 95% CI, 1.3–3.3) and male gender (aOR:1.6, 95% CI, 1.2–2.0). The risk of pre-discharge mortality was 43 times higher in babies with BA (aOR:42.6, 95% CI, 32.2–56.3).

Conclusion

The incidence of Birth asphyxia in Nepal higher than in more resourced setting. A range of obstetric and neonatal risk factors are associated with BA with an associated high risk of pre-discharge mortality. Interventions to improve management and decrease rates of BA could have marked impact on outcomes in low resource settings.
The relations between different components of intolerance of uncertainty and symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder: a network analysis
Authors: Ren Lei , Wei Zihan , Li Ye , Cui Long-Biao , Wang Yifei , Wu Lin , Wei Xinyi , Peng Jiaxi , Li Kuiliang , Jin Yinchuan , Li Fengzhan , Yang Qun , Liu Xufeng
Published: September 2021

Background

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is considered as a specific risk factor in the development and maintenance of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Yet, researches have investigated the relations between IU and GAD (or worry) using total scores on self-report measures. This ignores that there are different components exist in IU and the heterogeneity of GAD symptoms. In the present study, we explored the relations among different components of IU and symptoms of GAD.

Methods

A dimensional approach which take individual differences into consideration in different components of IU along a full range of normal to abnormal symptom severity levels of GAD were used in this study. Components of IU were measured by 12-item Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale and symptoms of GAD were measured by Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Questionnaire. Regularized partial-correlation network was estimated using cross-sectional data from 624 university students.

Results

Four strongest edges are between components of IU, like “Unforeseen events upset me greatly” and “It frustrates me not having all the information I need”. Two strongest edges are between symptoms of GAD, like “Being so restless that it is hard to sit still” and “Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen”. Symptom “Worrying too much about different things” and component “It frustrates me not having all the information I need” have the highest expected influences in the present network. In the community of IU, component “It frustrates me not having all the information I need” has the highest bridge expected influence. And in the community of GAD, symptoms “Worrying too much about different things” and “Not being able to stop or control worrying” have the highest bridge expected influence.

Conclusions

This study reveals potential pathways between different components of IU and various symptoms of GAD. Understanding how putative risk factors such as different components of IU are related to symptoms of GAD may provide some references for related preventions and interventions, such as targeting component “It frustrates me not having all the information I need” may be more effective at reducing symptoms of GAD than targeting other components of IU.
Opioids in patients with COPD and refractory dyspnea: literature review and design of a multicenter double blind study of low dosed morphine and fentanyl (MoreFoRCOPD)
Authors: van Dijk Marlies , Mooren Kris J. M. , van den Berg Jan-Willem K. , van Beurden-Moeskops Wendy J. C. , Heller-Baan Roxane , de Hosson Sander M. , Lam-Wong Wai Yee , Peters Liesbeth , Pool Karin , Kerstjens Huib A. M.
Published: September 2021

Background

Refractory dyspnea or breathlessness is a common symptom in patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with a high negative impact on quality of life (QoL). Low dosed opioids have been investigated for refractory dyspnea in COPD and other life-limiting conditions, and some positive effects were demonstrated. However, upon first assessment of the literature, the quality of evidence in COPD seemed low or inconclusive, and focused mainly on morphine which may have more side effects than other opioids such as fentanyl. For the current publication we performed a systematic literature search. We searched for placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials investigating opioids for refractory dyspnea caused by COPD. We included trials reporting on dyspnea, health status and/or QoL. Three of fifteen trials demonstrated a significant positive effect of opioids on dyspnea. Only one of four trials reporting on QoL or health status, demonstrated a significant positive effect. Two-thirds of included trials investigated morphine. We found no placebo-controlled RCT on transdermal fentanyl. Subsequently, we hypothesized that both fentanyl and morphine provide a greater reduction of dyspnea than placebo, and that fentanyl has less side effects than morphine.

Methods

We describe the design of a robust, multi-center, double blind, double-dummy, cross-over, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with three study arms investigating transdermal fentanyl 12 mcg/h and morphine sustained-release 10 mg b.i.d. The primary endpoint is change in daily mean dyspnea sensation measured on a numeric rating scale. Secondary endpoints are change in daily worst dyspnea, QoL, anxiety, sleep quality, hypercapnia, side effects, patient preference, and continued opioid use. Sixty patients with severe stable COPD and refractory dyspnea (FEV1 < 50%, mMRC ≥ 3, on optimal standard therapy) will be included.

Discussion

Evidence for opioids for refractory dyspnea in COPD is not as robust as usually appreciated. We designed a study comparing both the more commonly used opioid morphine, and transdermal fentanyl to placebo. The cross-over design will help to get a better impression of patient preferences. We believe our study design to investigate both sustained-release morphine and transdermal fentanyl for refractory dyspnea will provide valuable information for better treatment of refractory dyspnea in COPD.

Trial registrationNCT03834363 (ClinicalTrials.gov), registred at 7 Feb 2019,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03834363.
Musculoskeletal pain intensity in different body regions and risk of disability pension among female eldercare workers: prospective cohort study with 11-year register follow-up
Authors: Bláfoss Rúni , Vinstrup Jonas , Skovlund Sebastian Venge , López-Bueno Rubén , Calatayud Joaquin , Clausen Thomas , Andersen Lars Louis
Published: September 2021

Background

Musculoskeletal pain is a risk factor for leaving the labour market temporarily and permanently. While the presence of multi-site pain increases the risk of disability pension, we lack detailed knowledge about pain intensity as a risk factor. This study investigated the association between musculoskeletal pain intensity in different body regions and risk of future disability pension among eldercare workers.

Methods

Eight thousand seven hundred thirty-one female eldercare workers replied to a questionnaire on work and health in 2005 and were followed for 11 years in the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalization. Time-to-event analyses estimated hazard ratios (HR) for disability pension from pain intensities (0–9 numeric rating scale (NRS)) in the low-back, neck/shoulders, and knees during the previous 3 months. Analyses were mutually adjusted for pain regions, age, education, lifestyle, psychosocial work factors, and physical exertion at work.

Results

During 11-year follow-up, 1035 (11.9%) of the eldercare workers received disability pension. For all body regions among all eldercare workers, dose-response associations were observed between higher pain intensity and risk of disability pension (p < 0.001). The risk for disability pension was increased when reporting “very high” pain levels (≥7 points on the 0–9 NRS) in the low-back (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.70–2.82), neck/shoulders (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.88–2.92), and knees (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.44–2.47). Population attributable risks (PAR) were 15.5, 23.2, and 9.6% for pain > 2 on NRS in the low-back, neck/shoulders, and knees, respectively, indicating that 15.5, 23.2, and 9.6% fewer eldercare workers would likely receive disability pension if the pain intensity was reduced to 2 or less. For workers ≤45 years and > 45 years, PAR was highest for neck/shoulder pain (27.6%) and low-back pain (18.8%), respectively.

Conclusions

The present study found positive dose-response associations between pain intensity in the low-back, neck/shoulders, and knees, and risk of disability pension during 11-year follow-up. Moderate to very high levels of musculoskeletal pain in eldercare workers should, therefore, be considered an early warning sign of involuntary premature exit from the labour market. These findings underscore the importance of preventing, managing, and reducing musculoskeletal pain to ensure a long and healthy working life.
The BAriatic surgery SUbstitution and nutrition (BASUN) population: a data-driven exploration of predictors for obesity
Authors: Höskuldsdóttir Gudrún , Engström My , Rawshani Araz , Wallenius Ville , Lenér Frida , Fändriks Lars , Mossberg Karin , Eliasson Björn
Published: September 2021

Background

The development of obesity is most likely due to a combination of biological and environmental factors some of which might still be unidentified. We used a machine learning technique to examine the relative importance of more than 100 clinical variables as predictors for BMI.

Methods

BASUN is a prospective non-randomized cohort study of 971 individuals that received medical or surgical treatment (treatment choice was based on patient’s preferences and clinical criteria, not randomization) for obesity in the Västra Götaland county in Sweden between 2015 and 2017 with planned follow-up for 10 years. This study includes demographic data, BMI, blood tests, and questionnaires before obesity treatment that cover three main areas: gastrointestinal symptoms and eating habits, physical activity and quality of life, and psychological health. We used random forest, with conditional variable importance, to study the relative importance of roughly 100 predictors of BMI, covering 15 domains. We quantified the predictive value of each individual predictor, as well as each domain.

Results

The participants received medical (n = 382) or surgical treatment for obesity (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, n = 388; sleeve gastrectomy, n = 201). There were minor differences between these groups before treatment with regard to anthropometrics, laboratory measures and results from questionnaires. The 10 individual variables with the strongest predictive value, in order of decreasing strength, were country of birth, marital status, sex, calcium levels, age, levels of TSH and HbA1c, AUDIT score, BE tendencies according to QEWPR, and TG levels. The strongest domains predicting BMI were: Socioeconomic status, Demographics, Biomarkers (notably TSH), Lifestyle/habits, Biomarkers for cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and Potential anxiety and depression.

Conclusions

Lifestyle, habits, age, sex and socioeconomic status are some of the strongest predictors for BMI levels. Potential anxiety and / or depression and other characteristics captured using questionnaires have strong predictive value. These results confirm previously suggested associations and advocate prospective studies to examine the value of better characterization of patients eligible for obesity treatment, and consequently to evaluate the treatment effects in groups of patients.

Trial registration

March 03, 2015; NCT03152617.