bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accountability in Crises: Connecting Evidence from Humanitarian and Social Protection Approaches to Social Assistance
Authors: Seferis Louisa , Harvey Paul
Published: April 2022

Social assistance in crises, whether part of a social protection system or driven by humanitarian needs, provides crucial support to people affected by disaster and conflict. Accountability is a central component of delivering effective social assistance. The increasing emphasis on reinforcing social protection in fragile contexts and the Grand Bargain ‘participation revolution’ workstream suggest the need for a fresh look at accountability frameworks and how they play out in practice for the people they aim to serve. This paper seeks to connect evidence from humanitarian and development accountability approaches to better understand the linkages and disconnects, and to identify opportunities for future research and learning.
Martyrdom of the Cerrado: An Agri-Food Territory in Need of Justice
Authors: Sauer Sérgio , Cabral Lídia
Published: April 2022

The Cerrado is a natural biome occupying 25 per cent of Brazil’s surface. Compared to the Amazon, it is relatively unknown to international audiences, yet it is currently the world’s largest agricultural frontier. Intensive soybean and beef production are driving deforestation, water depletion, habitat loss, and land grabbing. Emphasising the scale of land-based inequality and conflicts, this briefing exposes the Cerrado as a territory of martyrdom, contrasting the ‘miracle’ portrayed by the dominant agri-food regime. Resistance struggles within the region are outlined and recommendations looking to challenge the success narrative of agribusiness and to move towards territorial justice are presented.
Community Embedded Decision Support Systems: Learning Report from the Smart Data for Inclusive Cities Bhopal Pilot
Authors: Clark Louise , Gupte Jaideep
Published: April 2022

This document presents learning from the pilot to provide Community Embedded Decision Support Systems (CEDSS) delivered by the EU-funded Smart Data for Inclusive Cities. The pilot was conducted through a partnership of the Institute of Development Studies (IDS, UK); National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA, India), Samarthan-Centre for Development Support (India) and GRADE (Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo; Peru), in close collaboration with authorities of the Smart Cities Mission in Bhopal and community groups in the Banganga informal settlement between May and October 2021.
Learning Journey on Water Security: UK Water Offer
Authors: Ozano Kim , Roby Andrew , Tompkins Jacob
Published: April 2022

The overarching goals for the UK in relation to global water security are to; tackle and reverse growing water insecurity and its consequences caused by depletion and degradation of natural water sources; and address poor water management and increasing demand. To do this, the UK has a well-developed water ‘offer’ that together can help reach the goal of global water security. This note details some of that water offer: UK water leadership: The UK developed the concept of modern sanitation and water supply, with an early example being the Victorian Bazalgette London sewer; Ownership and regulation: The UK has four models of ownership: government department in Northern Ireland, GoCo in Scotland, Mutual in Wales, and private companies in England. But the common thread is strong and clear, regulation to deliver the right outcomes for society; Competition and markets: The UK set up the world’s first water retail markets for business customers, delivering savings and environmental benefits. Similar market mechanisms are being developed for sewage sludge, which will help drive circular economy solutions; Innovation: The UK has a huge number of water tech start-ups and most water companies have labs and pilot schemes to support these fledgling companies. At the same time, the English regulator, Ofwat, has established a huge innovation fund, which along with the Scottish Hydro Nation initiative has made the UK the best place in the world for water innovation and tech.
THE INNOVATION OF THE MA'ARIF NAHDLATUL ULAMA EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE DIGITALIZATION ERA IN BENGKULU
Authors: Juliansyah Juliansyah
Published: April 2022

The phenomena demonstrate that various changes have occurred in the digitization era, including paradigm shifts, changing needs, and policy shifts. These changes have an impact on the traditional system of a nation, particularly in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to discover the innovation of the Ma'arif Nahdlatul Ulama education system in the digitalization era in Bengkulu Province. A qualitative research method was applied in this study. The administrators of the Ma'arif Educational Institution in Bengkulu Province and the administrators at the Branch institution, the Nahatul 'Ulam' Management in the Regional section and Branch administrators, NU figures, principals of schools/madrasas under the Ma'arif Educational Institution's coordination, and religious figures in Bengkulu Province were the subjects of this study. The findings revealed that the Ma'arif NU education system innovated in all aspects of education, including aims, curriculum, learning methods, and models, educators and education staff, and institution kinds and management.The fact that can be seen is the growing development of Ma'arif NU educational institutions at the Elementary School/Madrasah Ibtidai'yah and Madrasah Aliyah (MA) levels, as well as Vocational High Schools (SMK) to universities. The conclusion is that the Ma'arif Nahdlatul Ulama education system's ideas, thoughts, and reforms considerably contribute to being a reference for those who are struggling in the world of Islamic education.
Pengaruh Penerapan Percobaan Sains Terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di RA Atto’ah Desa Sipatuhu Kecamatan Banding Agung Kabupaten OKU Selatan
Authors: Winarti Endang
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan percobaan sains terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak usia 5-6 tahun di RA Atto’ah desa Sipatuhu Kecamatan Banding Agung Kabupaten OKU Selatan tahun 2021. Subjek penelitian seluruh anak kelas B yaitu B1 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah 15 anak dan B2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan jumlah 15 anak. Metode penelitian menggunakan Quasi Ekeperimental Design, dengan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif “Nonequivalent Control Group Design”. Peneliti mengumpulkan data menggunakan tes, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji hipotesis t test. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan nilai rata-rata setelah di lakukan penerapan percobaan sains dimana nilai rata-rata kelompok kontrol 54,59 sedangkan kelompok eksperimen 72,67 kemudian hasil perhitungan uji t dimana nilai thitung>ttabel(4,5107>2,048), maka kesimpulannya terdapat pengaruh penerapan percobaan sains terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak usia 5-6 tahun di Desa Sipatuhu Kecamatan Banding Agung Kabupaten OKU Selatan Tahun 2021.
A Telemedicina e as suas Particularidades Práticas
Authors: Soares José , Andrade Diana
Published: April 2022

N/a.
An overview of Big Data in Healthcare: multiple angle analyses
Authors: Gou Xunjie , Xu Zeshui
Published: April 2022

Big data have been in use since the 1990s, which usually include some complex data sets whose sizes are beyond the ability of commonly used software to handle within a reasonable period of time. In recent years, big data analytics by providing personalized medicine and regulation analysis, providing clinical risk intervention and forecast analysis, reducing waste and nursing patients with external and internal variability, standardization of medical terminology and patient registration, and fragmentation of the solution, help to improve health care. This paper provides an overview of the contents of big data healthcare. We summarize some kinds of medical big data, including the electronic health records, the medical image data, the healthcare system big data, the health Internet of Things and healthcare informatics, the remote medical monitoring big data, the biomedical big data, and other sources of big data. Furthermore, we discuss some methods for handling different kinds of medical big data. Additionally, we analyze the privacy of medical big data and summarize some methods and technologies to protect privacy. Aiming at some special cases, we list some other analyses and methods for them. Most importantly, we discuss the potential challenges and future research directions related to big data healthcare.
Azadirone-Type Limonoids from the Fruit of Chisocheton lasiocarpus and Their Cytotoxic Activity Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Lines
Authors: Hilmayanti Erina , Nurlelasari Nurlelasari , Katja Dewa Gede , Hidayat Ace Tatang , Fajriah Sofa , Darmawan Akhmad , Supratman Unang , Azmi Mohamad Nurul , Shiono Yoshihito
Published: April 2022

Limonoid is derivatives of triterpenoid compound that have a wide variety of structures due to various ring-opening, rearrangements, and high-degree of oxidation. Limonoid is known as compounds that have wide-range of biological activities, including anticancer activity. This research was aimed to determine the chemical structure and cytotoxic activity of limonoid in the n-hexane extract of Chisocheton lasiocarpus fruit. Dried powder of C. lasiocarpus fruit was extracted using methanol followed by fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. Five azadirone-type limonoids, 6α-(acetoxy)-14β,15β-epoxyazadirone (1), dysobinin (2), 7α-acetylneotricilenone (3), 6α-O-acetyl-7-deacetylnimocinol (4), and 7α-hyroxyneotricilenone (5), were isolated from the n-hexane extract of Chisocheton lasiocarpus fruit. The chemical structure of all compounds was identified by spectroscopic analysis, including 1D, 2D-NMR, IR, UV and HR-TOF MS as well as by comparison with previous reported spectra data. Compounds 1-5 were investigated from this plant for first time. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds against MCF-7 breast cancer line were examined and the results showed that 7α-hyroxyneotricilenone (5) showed the moderate activity with IC50 values of 53 μM
Morphometric Characteristic and Growth Responses of Enhalus acoroides Seedlings Under Different Substrate Composition Treatment
Authors: Nugraha Aditya Hikmat , Almahdi Said , Zahra Aminatul , Karlina Ita
Published: April 2022

Seagrass transplantation in the large-scale requires a large number of seagrass individu from donor ecosystem. This may give negative impact as damage and reducing the number of seagrass in donor ecosystem. One of methods to overcome this case is by developing transplants using seagrass nut as source for seed. Substrate is one of factors that influence the growth of seagrass. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of differences in substrate composition on morphologi and growth of Enhalus acoroides seeds. Observations were carried out by treatment using mud, sand and mixed substrates sand with mud. The survival rate of Enhalus acoroides seeds was quite high of 100% but it had a lower value of 93.30% on sand substrate. The longest leaf is on the mud substrate with a length of 5.9 cm, the leaf width has the same size in each substrate with a value of 0.4 cm, the highest number of leaves were found in the sand and mixture substrate with 5 strands, the longest root size was in the mixed substrate with a length of 5 cm. The growth of Enhalus acoroides seagrass seeds did not show any significant difference. The highest growth was found in the mud substrate with a value of 0.10 cm/day. Keywords: Enhalus acoroides, seagrass,seed, substrate, transplantation
Aerosol Optical Thickness Retrieval in Presence of Cloud: Application to S3A/SLSTR Observations
Authors: Luffarelli Marta , Govaerts Yves , Franceschini Lucio
Published: April 2022

The Combined Inversion of Surface and AeRosols (CISAR) algorithm for the joint retrieval of surface and aerosol single scattering properties has been further developed in order to extend the retrieval to clouds and overcome the need for an external cloud mask. Pixels located in the transition zone between pure cloud and pure aerosol are often discarded by both aerosol and cloud algorithms, despite being essential for studying aerosol-cloud interactions, which still represent the largest source of uncertainty in climate predictions. The proposed approach aims at filling this gap and deepening the understanding of aerosol properties in cloudy environments. The new CISAR version is applied to Sentinel-3A/SLSTR observations and evaluated against different satellite products and ground measurements. The spatial coverage is greatly improved with respect to algorithms processing only pixels flagged as clear sky by the SLSTR cloud mask. The continuous retrieval of aerosol properties without any safety zone around clouds opens new possibilities for studying aerosol properties in cloudy environments.
Effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Osteoclast Differentiation, Activity, and Cortical Bone Formation in Postmenopausal MRONJ Patient
Authors: Park Sung-Min , Lee Jae-Hoon
Published: April 2022

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease in patients with diabetes, which can develop simultane-ously with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in postmenopausal women. Bisphosphonate (BP) is administered to pa-tients with both the conditions and may cause medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). It affects the differentiation and function of osteoclasts as well as thickness of cortical bone through bone mineralization. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of T2D on osteoclast differentiation and activity as well as cortical bone formation in postmenopausal patients with MRONJ. Tissue samples were collected from 10 patients diagnosed with T2D and Stage III MRONJ in the experimental group and from 10 patients without T2D in the control group. Histological examination was conducted, and expres-sion of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) was assessed. Cortical bone formation was analyzed using CBCT images. The number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts and DC-STAMP-positive mononuclear cells were significantly less in the experi-mental group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the thickness and ratio of cortical bone were significantly greater in the experimental group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, T2D decreased the differentiation and function of osteo-clasts, and increased cortical bone formation in postmenopausal patients with MRONJ.
Comparison of Laminoplasty on Lordotic, Straight and Kyphotic Cervical Alignments Suggest Poor Outcomes for Kyphotic Cervical Alignment: Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Nishida Norihiro , Mumtaz Muzammil , Tripathi Sudharshan , Kelkar Amey , Mendoza Justin , Kumaran Yogesh , Goel Vijay
Published: April 2022

Background: Cervical laminoplasty is a useful for treatment of cervical myelopathy. However, this procedure has limitations for kyphotic cervical alignments. We used the finite element (FE) analysis and investigated the biomechanical changes in an intact and laminoplasty models with lordosis, straight, and kyphosis cervical alignments. Methods: A three-dimensional FE model of the cervical spine (C2-C7) with ligaments was created from computed tomography. The model was modified with the following cobb angles and the C3-C6 laminoplasty was conducted; a) laminoplasty-lordotic model (LM-L; C2-C7 angle: -10°), b) laminoplasty-straight model (LM-S; C2-C7 angle: 0°), and c) laminoplasty-kyphotic model (LM-K; C2-C7 angle: 10°). A pure moment with a compressive follower load of 100N to represent the weight of the head/cranium and cervical muscle stabilization was applied to these models. The range of motion (ROM), annular stress, nucleus stress and facet forces were analyzed. Results: ROM of LM-K increased when compared to the other models except for flexion. The LM-K had the highest mobility with 49% increase in ROM observed under extension, compared to the intact model. In all motion except for flexion, LM-L models’ ROM decreased by more than 10%, and LM-S and LM-K models’ ROM increased by more than 10% at C2-C7 compared to the intact model. The annular stresses and nucleus stresses in LM-K were higher compared to the other models. The maximum increase in annular stresses was about 194% in LM-K compared to the intact model, observed at the C3-C4 segment. The facet contact forces were lowest in the LM-K, compared to the other models.Conclusions: Patients with a cervical kyphosis alignment are at a disadvantage of increased kyphosis compared to cases with lordosis or straight alignment and should be treated with caution.
The Methodology and Application of a Migration with Dignity Framework
Authors: McClain Shanna N. , Bruch Carl , Fujii Mai ,   Environmental Law Institute 1730 M Street NW, Suite 700, Washington, D.C. 20036, USA,   Ocean Policy Research Institute, Sasakawa Peace Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
Published: April 2022

The scale of migration is increasing, and while great uncertainty exists in identifying exact numbers, the estimated number of international migrants is already surpassing 2050 projections in the order of 2.6%, or 230 million. As people migrate, they face a number of challenges including exposure to disease and other health threats, violence and assualt, trafficking and unlawful detention. However, of the protections available to migrants, the implementation and realization of these protections and how they impact the individual experiences of migrants and their loss of human rights and dignity rights across the migration cycle, are lacking. In acknowledgement of this, McClain et al. developed a legal and policy framework for Migration with Dignity, which identified six fundamental elements central to the migration experience that can supplement and support the implementation of migrant protections. The framework was built upon the foundational policy of former President of Kiribati, Anote Tong, who understood the climate change was impacting the lives and livelihoods of his people and that in the face of diminishing land area and opportunities, that the Kiribati should have the opportunity to determine when and how they migrate, and that in doing so that they are able to live a life that is equal to or better than the one they left behind. The Migration with Dignity framework offers an opportunity to provide policy and legal options to governments, policy makers, and NGO’s for how to improve to consider the dignity of migrants while they move, and improve the transition of migrants into new settings, while also fostering opportunities for improved livelihoods. However, in order to provide these opportunities, the framework would benefit from additional application of the fundamental elements across different contexts and in different settings. With this in mind, this article provides the necessary methodology for considering the social and legal dimensions of the framework, it also provides examples for how to apply the framework across multiple contexts.
Pivotal Factors in the Acculturation of the Second-Generation Marshallese Immigrants to the United States
Authors: Nakayama Mikiyasu , Toyoshima Junko , Shiiba Nagisa ,   Global Infrastructure Fund Research Foundation Japan Roppongi T-Cube 14F, 3-1-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-0032, Japan,   The Ocean Policy Research Institute, Sasakawa Peace Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
Published: April 2022

Climate-induced emigration from the Pacific Island countries to the United States is expected to increase as the island nations experience sea level rise. Since 1986, approximately 30,000 nationals from the Marshall Islands have immigrated to the United States. Hawaii has been a common destination for Marshallese immigrants over the past 30 years. However, Marshallese immigrants have not been fully acculturated to the United States. This has resulted in problems such as lower attendance rates at schools and work. In this study, we compared Marshallese immigrants’ characteristics with those of second-generation Japanese immigrants to the United States from the late 1800s to the early 1900s, on the basis of the latter’s documented adaptation to American society and establishment of a positive social status. We identified differences between Marshallese immigrants to Hawaii (from the late 1980s to the present) and Japanese immigrants to Hawaii (from the 1880s to the 1920s). This comparision is made from the viewpoint of second-generation immigrants’ self identification while considering first-generation immigrants parenting of their children inculcating national and cultural identity. A comparison was made to identify the similarity and dissimilarity between the two second-generation groups, in order to identify the factors that made their acculturation to American society either a success or failure. It was found that the manner in which first-generation immigrants regard the cultural identity of the second generation greatly influences the acculturation of second-generation immigrants.
Tercihlerde Benzerlik Teorisinin Türkiye ile Avrupa Birliği Arasındaki İmalat Sanayi Ürünleri Ticareti İçin Sınanması
Authors: AKÇA Emrah Eray
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmada çekim modeli yaklaşımı çerçevesinde 2007-2019 dönemi dengeli panel verileri kullanılarak Türkiye ile Avrupa Birliği (AB-27) arasındaki imalat sanayi ürünleri ticaretinin tercihlerde benzerlik teorisi argümanlarına göre gerçekleşip gerçekleşmediği ampirik olarak sorgulamaktadır. Bu bağlamda genişletilmiş çekim modeli formatında oluşturulan ihracat ve ithalat modelleri Poisson pseudo en çok olabilirlik (PPML) yöntemi kullanılarak tahmin edilmektedir. Tahmin bulguları Türkiye ile AB-27 ülkeleri arasındaki imalat sanayi ürünleri ticaretinin tercihlerde benzerlik teorisine uygun bir şekilde gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir. Bu sonuç bağlamında Türkiye ile AB-27 ülkeleri arasındaki imalat sanayi ürünleri ticaretinin yatay endüstri-içi ticaret şeklinde gerçekleştiği çıkarımında bulunulabilir. Bu nedenle AB-27 ülkelerinin zevk ve tercihleri tarafından şekillenen mal taleplerinin nasıl değişim sergilediğinin yakından takip ve analiz edilmesinin, Türkiye’nin ticari gelişmeleri bakımından önem taşıyabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Evaluation of Financial Performance of Participation Banks in Turkey and GCC with TOPSIS Method
Authors: NAYMAN HAMAMCI Hatice , KARKACIER Atila
Published: April 2022

It was aimed to determine and compare the financial performance of participation banks in Turkey and Gulf Cooperation Council member countries between 2016-2019. TOPSIS and Entropy weighting method was preferred for the analyses, and all of the calculations were conducted using Microsoft Excel. According to the performance analysis results, Kuveyt Turk operating in Turkey was taken the first in other years except for the year 2018. On the contrary, it was determined that Albaraka Türk was dropped to the last rank in the performance ranking in the last two years. When examining the results regarding performance comparison between countries, it was found that the UAE ranked first in the other years except 2018. In 2018, Oman ranked first in the performance ranking. It was seen that Turkey ranks second in 2016 but ranks third in the other three years. As a result, it was observed that there are differences in performance rankings over the years.
The effect of training methods and motivation on the mastering of pencak silat single category
Authors: Satria Galih Satria , Subarjah Herman , Indra Safari
Published: April 2022

In this study, the author aims to determine the relationship between random practice and block practice training methods with single category pencak silat skills. The method used by this researcher is a factorial experimental method to determine the effect of the training methods used on the skills of martial arts mastery. the single category of the Satria Muda Indonesian pencak silat college. In this study, the researcher used a sampling technique, namely purposive sampling with the number of samples taken as many as 20 people with the research instrument to measure the mastery of single category pencak silat moves. From the data, the results of data processing show that the values ​​in the pretest and posttest scores of all groups are greater than 0.05 with the value of each group (1) 0.794, (2) 0.083, (3) 0.119, (4) 0.875. Then the sentence hypothesis shows that the data is normally distributed. Then on the correlation value between the method and the skill level of mastery of pencak silat in the group when there is a motivation variable of rsquare = 0.654 so that it can be concluded that when the athlete is given a treatment, the mastery of the moves increases by 65.4% then the value between the correlation between method and skill level of pencak silat mastery in the group when there is no motivation variable, the value of rsquare = 0.319 is obtained so that from the data shows that there is an increase of 31.9%. So it can be concluded that there is a relationship between training methods and motivation on the ability of single category pencak silat skills
Prevalencia de gingivitis y factores de riesgo en gestantes de Acapulco, Guerrero: estudio transversal
Authors: Gallardo Chávez Lisa Madison , Rodríguez Díaz Jordy Mizrraim , Juárez Medel Carlos Alberto , Hernández Clemente Janitzie , Herrera Santos Arnold Uriel
Published: April 2022

Introducción: La gingivitis es una afección que se asocia a una respuesta inflamatoria exagerada de las encías al biofilm oral, por la secreación de hormonas durante el embarazo. Objetivos: Estimar la prevalencia de gingivitis e identificar factores de riesgo asociados en gestantes de una clínica médica de Acapulco, Guerrero. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal en una muestra por conveniencia de 92 gestantes, durante el periodo de enero a marzo del 2020. Un cuestionario autoadministrado recolectó datos sociodemográficos, ingreso económico, hábitos de higiene oral y antecedentes personales patológicos. Se evaluó el periodonto con base en la nueva clasificación de salud gingival y gingivitis inducida por biofilm sobre seis dientes representativos. El análisis multivariado identificó factores asociados a gingivitis utilizando la razón de momios y su intervalo de confianza del 95% como estimación de la fuerza de asociación con el software estadístico CIETmap. Resultados: La prevalencia de gingivitis fue del 60% (55/92). Dos factores se mantuvieron en el modelo final del análisis multivariado. La mayor fuerza de asociación fue en la variable de no usar auxiliares de higiene oral (ORa= 6.76; IC95%= 2.01-22.78). La otra variable fue el no acudir a visita odontológica (ORa= 3.74; IC95= 1.44-9.73). Conclusión: La prevalencia de gingivitis reportada fue similar a otros estudios. Con los factores encontrados, se sugiere reforzar las medidas preventivas que disminuyan la presencia de gingivitis en gestantes.
Dificultades encontradas durante la pandemia reportadas por odontólogos: Estudio piloto
Authors: Brítez Distéfano Sonia Concepción , Bañuelos-Gómez Fátima , Díaz-Reissner Clarisse , Jara Cynthia Mireya
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar las repercusiones económicas y psicológicas, entre otras dificultades encontradas durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en un grupo de odontólogos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario en línea a odontólogos del Hospital Central de Policía “Rigoberto Caballero” (HCPRC) de Asunción-Paraguay que fue distribuido entre julio y setiembre del 2021. Constó de 32 preguntas cerradas distribuidas en 5 secciones: datos sociodemográficos, efectos económicos de la pandemia, efectos psicológicos, contagio y experiencias con respecto a la clínica. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa Epi Info versión 7 y los resultados están representados en forma de tablas, también fueron utilizadas la Prueba exacta de Fisher y Prueba de Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: Participaron 78 odontólogos, 78,2% del sexo femenino, 56,4% de la franja de 35 – 45 años. El 88,5% reportó una disminución de los ingresos en práctica privada y la mayoría tuvo que recurrir a otra fuente para poder cubrir los gastos diarios. La mayoría relató haber sufrido los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión durante la pandemia y sienten la necesidad de consultar con un psiquiatra. Reportaron aumento de la demanda de Equipo de Protección Personal (EPP) e incremento de sus costos. Casi la mitad de los odontólogos reportaron haberse contagiado de COVID-19. Conclusión: La pandemia produjo un impacto considerable en los odontólogos del HCPRC, ocasionando problemas financieros, repercusiones psicológicas y dificultades con los precios y escasez del EPP.
Identificación de la variabilidad térmica de superficie entre 1999 y 2018 a través del análisis de imágenes satelitales. Estudio caso: municipio de Zipaquirá, Colombia
Authors: Preciado-Barragán Heraldine , Sanabria-Buitrago Mayerling
Published: April 2022

En los procesos de consolidación de áreas pobladas, la transformación de la cobertura natural, en su mayoría vegetal, por suelo desnudo o con revestimientos, modifica la transferencia de energía en dichos espacios; al cambiar la cobertura expuesta a la radiación solar, se genera un cambio en la temperatura que impacta el clima local. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue la identificación de la variabilidad térmica en superficie con el fin de evidenciar si existe una correlación entre dicha variación de la temperatura con factores tales como el crecimiento urbano y la concentración de cobertura vegetal, esto a través de un análisis espacial por medio de imágenes de satélite en el municipio de Zipaquirá. La metodología se basó en la comparación de la información meteorológica y poblacional disponible para Zipaquirá, con los patrones de cambio analizados con el índice de vegetación (NDVI), el índice de diferencia normalizada edificada (NDBI) y la temperatura superficial terrestre (TST), obtenidos del procesamiento de imágenes satelitales Landsat 5, 7 y 8. Finalmente, la información fue recopilada en un visor geográfico para la visualización dinámica de los datos comparados. La investigación permitió comprobar la correlación existente entre el aumento del área construida y el cambio en la temperatura de superficie.
Floppy Infant-A Case Report of Infantile Pompe Disease With Literature Review
Authors: CHATTERJEE RAJIB , KUMAR PRABHAT
Published: April 2022

Background: Deficiency of acid-α1,4glucosidase results in lysosomal accumulation of glycogen impairing multiple tissue functions i.e., cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle functions. First described in 1933 by Pompe who identified glycogen by Best carmine in sections of cardiac muscle of an infant who had died of idiopathic cardiac hypertrophy. Hers in 1963 identified the enzyme – α-glucosidase in lysosomes responsible for cleaving glycogen and maltose. He documented deficiency of this enzyme in tissues of patients with Pompe Disease, and thus launched the field of lysosomal storage diseases. Families have been reported with both infantile and late- onset adult forms. Infantile form of Pompe Disease has a more severe enzyme deficiency than late onset forms. Newborn screening reveals an incidence 1:10,000, much higher than in the past. Appearance of a floppy infant presenting in early infancy invokes a differential diagnosis of hypothyroidism, Down’s syndrome, spinal muscular atrophy and less commonly an inborn error of metabolism. History of consanguinity, serial sibling losses and recurrent respiratory infections should arouse suspicion of underlying congenital heart disease. Absence of common structural heart diseases, should focus on functional echocardiography, which was revealing.Case Presentation: Child is the fourth born of second-degree consanguineous marriage with two sibling losses, presented with breathing difficulty at 1-month age. He has a history of frequent hospitalizations for recurrent respiratory tract infections, suggestive of congestive cardiac failure, possibly due to underlying heart disease. Currently at 6-months age, neuromotor and developmental examination reveals a floppy infant. He has history suggestive of developmental delay more marked in gross motor and fine motor abilities, whereas language and social milestones are less affected. Overall, he has a developmental age of three months. Massive hepatomegaly was observed as cardiac failure set in, but it is not solely due to the storage of glycogen in the liver, being part of generalized glycogenoses. Cardiac evaluation revealed cardiomyopathy with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy. Biochemical reports also reflect cardiomyopathy. Dried Blood Spot Assay confirmed clinical suspicion of Pompe Disease which is Glycogen Storage Disease type II, Myozyme funding being pursued.Conclusions: Dried blood spot assay holds the key to early and specific diagnosis. Advent of enzyme replacement therapy with early initiation for this rapidly progressive disease is likely to rewrite a brighter future. Immunomodulating agents such as methotrexate, rituximab and intravenous immune globulin can prevent development of immune response to enzyme replacement therapy. Genetic counseling regarding recurrence risk of such inherited disorders in consanguineous marriages should be accorded priority.
Identification of Function Genes regulating Gastric Cancer progression using Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Yu Kun , Xiao Yao , Yao Qiang , Qian Haiyang , Pan Xin , Wang Gang , Chen Qiong , Zhang Dong , Mei Ke
Published: April 2022

Gastric cancer(GC)is the most frequent cause of cancer with poor prognosis. Treatment for GC remains unchanged in the past few years. This study was done to investigate the potential therapeutic targets and related regulatory biomarkers of Gastric cancer. We obtained the public GC transcriptome sequencing dataset from the GEO database. The datasets contains 348 GC tissues and 141 healthy tissues. In total, 251 DEGs were identified, containing 187 down-regulated genes and 64 up-regulated genes. The DEGs' enriched functions and pathways include Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, cell cycle, and oocyte meiosis, Hepatitis B, and Hippo signaling pathway. Survival analysis showed that BUB1, MAD2L1, CCNA2, CCNB1, and BIRC5 might be associated with the regulation the cell cycle phase mitotic spindle checkpoint pathway. We selected 26 regulated genes with the PPI networks' aid analyzed by the Molecular Complex Detection. Then we focused on three critical gene, which is high expressed in gastric cancer, while negatively related to patients survival. Furthermore, we found that knockdown either BIRC5, TRIP13 or UBE2C significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis. Knockdown of BIRC5, TRIP13 or UBE2C increased cellular sensitivity to cisplatin. Together, our present study identified significantly upregulated genes with worse prognosis in GC using integrated bioinformatics methods.
Temporal and Spatial Evolution Law of Mine Water Artificial Recharge Water Quality
Authors: Zhang Xiyu , Yang Jian , Huang Lingyun , Liu Ji , Wang Qiangmin
Published: April 2022

In order to understand the evolution law of groundwater quality during the artificial recharge process with mine water, the effluent from the mine water treatment plant of the Mindong No. 1 Mine was selected to artificially recharge the Quaternary aquifer of the study area. In this experiment, the spatial evolution of the groundwater quality of some wells around the recharge well was monitored during the artificial recharge process with reclaimed mine water. The factor analysis method was used to reveal the evolution law of groundwater quality during the recharge process. Although the reclaimed mine water met the standards for artificial recharge, the results showed that pH value as well as Cl−, TDS, NO3−, and F− concentrations in the reclaimed water were higher than those observed in the Quaternary aquifer, presenting a potential risk to groundwater quality. On the other hand, four organic components were identified in the groundwater after the artificial recharge, including fulvic-like acids (Ex/Em = 280/440, Ex/Em = 250/440) as the main component. Indeed, most of these components were caused by terrestrial origin and soil migration. In addition, the reclaimed mine water contained protein-like tryptophan (Ex/Em = 300/340), which was mainly derived from the discharge of point sources. The total fluorescence intensity of organic pollutants in the different wells tended to be uniform with the recharge time. However, if external pollution is introduced, it may significantly affect the types of organic pollutants and diffuse rapidly within 24 hours. Therefore, it is necessary to control effectively the concentration of trace organic matter in the influent water to ensure the safety of the artificial recharge with mine water.
Discovery of Promising Inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutic Targets: A Quantum Mechanics and Molecular Modeling study
Authors: Balogun Toheeb A. , Chukwudozie Onyeka S. , Ogbodo Uchechuckwu C. , Junaid Idris O. , Sunday Olugbodi A. , Ige Oluwasegun M. , Aborode Abdullahi T. , Akintayo Abiola D. , Oluwarotimi Emmanuel A. , Oluwafemi Isaac O. , Saibu Tosin A. , Chuckwuemaka Prosper , Omoboyowa Damilola A. , Batiha Gaber E.
Published: April 2022

SARS-CoV-2 triggers a worldwide medical crisis, affecting the world's social, emotional, physical, and economic equilibrium. However, treatment choices and targets for finding a solution to COVID-19's threat are becoming limiting. A viable approach to combating the threat of COVID-19 is to create pharmacological and therapeutic targets by uncovering promising inhibitors and proteins in the viral life cycle of COVID-19. Therefore, in this study, we employ high-throughput virtual screening to screen library of phytocompounds from selected medicinal plants targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, 3CLpro, PLpro and RdRp. Virtual screening approach have been reported as a promising method to identify biologically active compounds from large libraries. In addition, molecular docking, Prime MM/GBSA (molecular mechanics/generalized born surface area) analysis, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and pharmacokinetic/drug-likeness model was performed to identify potential phytodrugs. In support to these approaches, we employ series of chemical quantum calculation, semi empirical Hamiltonian and density functional theory analysis to develop therapeutic agents against COVID-19. We propose that the discover therapeutic targets/molecules may open the way for the establishment of phytodrugs for the management of COVID-19 pandemics and new chemical libraries for preventing COVID-19 entry into the host, based on the findings of this integrated computational investigation.
Association between blood and seminal plasma testosterone and aldosterone and their consequences on semen analysis and fertility status in dromedary camel
Authors: Zeitoun Moustafa , Mansour Mohamed
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate the testosterone and aldosterone profiles in the blood and seminal plasma of male dromedary camels and their relationship with semen parameters. Sixty camels were divided into two groups; control (n = 20) and infertile (n = 40). Blood and seminal plasma were obtained from all camels for hormones analyzed. The results indicated significant higher (p < 0.05) blood testosterone (3.05 ± 0.12 vs. 5.17 ± 0.24 ng/mL), and seminal plasma testosterone concentrations (1.29 ± 0.22 vs. 2.78 ± 0.29 ng/mL) in infertile above control dromedaries, respectively. In the control group, there was a positive correlation (p < 0.05, r = 0.36) between blood and seminal plasma aldosterone. In infertile males, there found a positive correlation (p < 0.01, r = 0.45) between blood testosterone and aldosterone. Also, there existed a negative correlation (p < 0.05, r = − 0.26) between blood aldosterone and seminal plasma testosterone concentrations. In control males, there was a negative correlation (p < 0.05, r = − 0.42) between blood aldosterone and sperm motility percentage. Besides, seminal plasma aldosterone was positively correlated (p < 0.05, r = 0.26) with sperm abnormality ratio in the infertile animals. In conclusion, infertile male dromedaries were characterized by elevated testosterone levels in the blood and seminal plasma. In addition, there found a positive relationship between blood testosterone and aldosterone, as well as a negative association between blood aldosterone and seminal plasma testosterone. Thus, these parameters could be considered as bio-indicators for spermatogenic impairment and disruption of seminal plasma bio-products, resulting in poor-quality semen ejaculates.
Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 mediated RPRD1B stability facilitates fatty acid metabolism and lymph node metastasis via c-Jun/c-Fos/SREBP1 axis in gastric cancer
Authors: Jia Yongxu , Yan Qian , Zheng Yinli , Li Lei , Zhang Baifeng , Tang Hong , Qin Yanru , Guan Xinyuan
Published: April 2022

Background: Lymph node metastasis is one of most common determinants of the stage and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). However, the key molecular events and mechanisms mediating lymph node metastasis remain elusive.Methods: RNA sequencing was used to identify driver genes responsible for lymph node metastasis in four cases of gastric primary tumours, metastatic lesions of lymph nodes and matched normal gastric epithelial tissue. qRT–PCR and IHC were applied to examine RPRD1B expression. Metastatic functions were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq was used to identify target genes. ChIP, EMSA and dual luciferase reporter assays were conducted to identify the binding sites of target genes. Co-IP, RIP, MeRIP, RNA-FISH and ubiquitin assays were applied to explore the underlying mechanisms.Results: The top 8 target genes (RPRD1B, MAP4K4, MCM2, TOPBP1, FRMD8, KBTBD2, ADAM10 and CXCR4) that were significantly upregulated in metastatic lymph nodes of individuals with GC were screened. The transcriptional cofactor RPRD1B (regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 1B) was selected for further characterization. The clinical analysis showed that RPRD1B was significantly overexpressed in metastatic lymph nodes and associated with poor outcomes in patients with GC. The Mettl3-induced m6A modification is involved in the upregulation of RPRD1B. Functionally, RPRD1B promotes lymph node metastasis capabilities in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies indicated that RPRD1B increased fatty acid uptake and synthesis by transcriptionally upregulating c-Jun/c-Fos and activating the c-Jun/c-Fos/SREBP1 axis. In addition, NEAT1 was upregulated significantly by c-Jun/c-Fos in RPRD1B-overexpressing cells. NEAT1, in turn, increased the stability of the RPRD1B mRNA by recruiting the m6A “reader” protein hnRNPA2B1 and reduced the degradation of the RPRD1B protein by inhibiting TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination. Notably, this functional circuitry was disrupted by an inhibitor of c-Jun/c-Fos/AP1 proteins (SR11302) and small interfering RNAs targeting NEAT1, leading to a preferential impairment of lymph node metastasis.Conclusions: Based on these findings, RPRD1B facilitated FA metabolism and assisted primary tumor implantation in lymph nodes via the c-Jun/c-Fos/SREBP1 axis, which was enhanced by a NEAT1-mediated positive feedback loop, serving as a potential therapeutic target for GC treatment.
Site Assessment and Evaluation of the Structural Damages After the Flood Disaster in the Western Black Sea Basin on August 11, 2021
Authors: Kelesoglu M.Kubilay , Temur Rasim , Gülbaz Sezar , Apaydin Nurdan Memisoglu , Kazezyılmaz-Alhan Cevza Melek , Bozbey Ilknur
Published: April 2022

On August 11, 2021, one of the most destructive flood disasters occurred in the Western Black Sea Basin of Turkey. The flood resulted in the death of 76 individuals, with an estimated 30,000 people being affected by the disaster. A maximum precipitation depth of 400 mm/day was recorded at one station, indicating that the flood occurred at least during a 500-year rainfall event. During a two-day site visit immediately following the flooding event, damages to infrastructures, water structures, bridges, revetment walls, highways, and residentials were observed in the Bozkurt and Ayancık regions. Based on the observations, the flood wave propagated through the original meandering river bed and floodplain, exceeding the restored river bed capacity. Due to the massive sediment transport and drifting trees, the basements of the structures in these regions were flooded and blocked. The enormous flood flow triggered extensive scouring on bridge piers, building foundations, and revetment walls, eventually causing the walls and bridges to collapse. The collapse of structures blocked the waterway and amplified the backwater effect when combined with the sediment transport. The total collapse of the revetment walls in some sections of the stream caused accelerated scouring beyond the foundations of the nearby buildings. Partial damages on the side roads along the river beds were also observed. This paper evaluated the driving mechanism of damages caused by flood flow from hydrological, structural, and geotechnical perspectives. Based on these observations and assessments, recommendations on engineering design guidelines for structures close to the floodplain, such as bridges, revetment walls, and side roads, were elaborated. Emphasis was placed on the flood-resistant design of these structures to develop a comprehensive approach for flood risk management.
Genetic influences on neurodevelopmental disorders and their overlap with co-occurring conditions in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analysis.
Authors: Gidziela Agnieszka , Ahmadzadeh Yasmin , Michelini Giorgia , Allegrini Andrea , Agnew-Blais Jessica , Lau Lok Yan , Duret Megan , Procopio Francesca , Daly Emily , Ronald Angelica , Rimfeld Kaili , Malanchini Margherita
Published: April 2022

A systematic understanding of the aetiology of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), their co-occurrence, and co-occurrence with other conditions during childhood and adolescence remains incomplete. This meta-analysis bridges gaps in our knowledge. First, we meta-analysed the literature on the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to NDDs. Second, we considered the literature on the overlap between different NDD categories. Lastly, we synthesized the literature on the co-occurrence between NDDs and disruptive, impulse control and conduct disorders (DICCs). We performed multilevel, random-effects meta-analyses on 296 independent studies, including over 4 million children and adolescents. We found all NDDs to be substantially heritable (family-based heritability (h2) = 0.66; SNP h2 = 0.19). Meta-analytic genetic correlations between NDDs, and between NDDs and DICCs were moderate to strong. However, given the paucity of available studies covering the co-occurrence of NDDs and DICCs, these could only be estimated for a few disorders. While our work provides direct evidence to inform and potentially guide clinical and educational diagnostic procedures and practice, it also highlights the imbalance in the research effort that has characterized developmental genetics research.