bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An efficient and environmentally friendly route for PbS crystal recovery from lead ash generated in tin removal section (LATR) via high-speed leaching and recrystallization method
Authors: Feng Y. , Peng X.-Q. , Shi H.-H. , Zhang W. , Zuo Q.-T.
Published: September 2021

This paper mainly investigated the synthesis of a high purity PbS crystal directly from lead ash which was collected from Tin ash removal process (LATR). The LATR was firstly disposed by nitric acid leaching system to generate the lead nitrate solution. The PbS crystal was prepared by mixing the lead nitrate solution with the sodium sulfide at the room temperature (25?C). The effects of molar ratio of HNO3 to Pbin the LATR on Pb leaching efficiency was investigated, demonstrating that the Pb leaching efficiency could attain to 82.9 % at molar ratio of 3. The leaching ratio of As, Cu, Fe, and Al generally increased with increasing molar ratio of HNO3 to Pbin the LATR, while 99.99 wt% of Sn was still left in the residue. In the process of generating PbS crystal from the leaching solution, the yield of PbS crystal increased with increasing molar ratio of Na2S to Pbin the filtrate. The yield of PbS crystal could up to 93.1% at a molar ratio of 1.5. Overall, this method proved to be an efficient and environmental friendly route for synthesis of high quality PbS crystal directly from the common lead containing waste from the lead ore or secondary smelting factory.
The cuspal deflection caused by dental composite polymerization shrinkage analyzed by digital holography
Authors: Novta Evgenije , Lainovic Tijana , Grujic Dusan , Pantelic Dejan , Blazic Larisa
Published: September 2021

Background/Aim. Polymerization shrinkage of filling materials is one of the main disadvantages of adhesive restorative dentistry. The objective of the study was to measure tooth cusps deflection caused by polymerization shrinkage of a resin-based dental material (RDM) in real-time using digital holographic interferometry (DHI) in two groups of cavities restored with and without an additional wall. Simultaneously, internal tooth mechanical behavior was monitored. Methods. Standardized three class I cavities were prepared on third molar teeth. The teeth were cut in two halves in the longitudinal plane, obtaining six samples for the study (now with class II cavities), divided into two groups (group G1 ? with the additional wall, group G2 ? without it), and mounted in aluminum blocks. The cavities were filled with the RDM, cured with a light emitting diode (LED) for 40 sec from the occlusal direction, and monitored during the curing and post-curing period using DHI. Data were analyzed using the Student's t-test for independent samples and the Anderson-Darling test, with an alpha level of 0.05. Results. At the end of the examined period, the samples from the group G1 showed significantly in-creased tooth cusps deflection [t (10) = 4.7; p = 0.001] compared to samples from the group G2. Conclusion. Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the presence of the additional wall simulating a dental matrix band had a significant influence on the increase and prolonged deflection of tooth cusps during the examined RDM polymerization shrinkage.
Wealthy Watches Inc.: The Substantive Testing of Accounts Receivable in the Evolving Audit Environment
Authors: Andiola Lindsay M. , Downey Denise Hanes , Earley Christine E. , Jefferson Devon
Published: September 2021

Substantive testing of accounts receivable through confirmations is an established and required audit procedure. However, the technology used to perform portions of this work is evolving. This case exposes students to the testing of accounts receivable while introducing them to audit-related technologies (such as Interactive Data Extraction and Analysis [IDEA] software and robotic process automation [RPA]) used in practice. In this case, students (1) evaluate a client-provided data file, (2) select a sample of customer invoices using IDEA, (3) obtain audit evidence from their firm's RPA software and evaluate the evidence for the identification of exceptions, (4) project any misstatements from the sample to the population, and (5) document their conclusions. This case helps students develop a greater awareness of technologies used in audit practice. The case also allows students to practice skepticism, apply professional judgment, and hone their business writing skills by documenting their results in a professional memo.
The Impact of Tax Policy Uncertainty on Forecasting
Authors: Brown Jennifer L. , Lin K. C. , Moore Jared A. , Wellman Laura A.
Published: September 2021

This study examines the impact of tax policy uncertainty (TPU) on analysts' forecasts and managers' interim estimates of effective tax rates (ETRs). We adopt a broad definition of TPU that encompasses both the legislative and regulatory processes and perform tests to validate a news-based measure of TPU consistent with our definition. We document that (1) analysts' implied ETR forecasts are less accurate and more disperse during periods of high TPU, (2) managers' ETR estimates are less accurate during periods of high TPU, and (3) the presence of relatively inaccurate management ETR estimates strengthens the effects of TPU on analysts' ETR forecasts. We further find that firm-level tax-related complexity exacerbates the effects of TPU on analysts' and managers' ETR predictions. Overall, our results are consistent with uncertainty surrounding tax policy impairing analysts' and managers' ability to assess and predict future tax-related fundamentals, thus imposing real costs on managers and market participants.

JEL Classifications: H25; G17; M41; D72; D81.
Fluoride Release from Glass Ionomer Cement and Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement Materials under Conditions Mimicking the Caries Process
Authors: Brenes-Alvarado A , Cury JA
Published: September 2021

The anticaries potential of restorative ionomeric materials should be evaluated under a pH-cycling regime that simulates the caries process of demineralization and remineralization. Ten glass ionomer cement (GIC) materials and five resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) materials were evaluated. A resin composite was used as a negative control. Six discs of each material were immersed for 6 and 18 hours each day in demineralizing (De-) and remineralizing (Re-) solutions, respectively. The solutions were changed daily over 12 days, during which the fluoride concentration was determined using an ion-specific electrode. The results were expressed as (1) the daily fluoride concentration in the Deand Re- solutions (μg F/ml), (2) the amount of fluoride released daily in the De- + Re- solution per area of specimens (μg F/cm2/day), and (3) the cumulative release over the 12-day period (μg F/cm2). During the first days, all materials showed a surge in fluoride release, followed by a gradual decline; however, three distinct patterns were observed, specifically: (1) greater fluoride release in the De- solution compared to the Resolution during the study period; (2) an initial higher release in De- solution; and (3) a similar release in both solutions over the whole period. The materials differed statistically (p<0.05) with respect to daily and cumulative fluoride release. One GIC (Maxxion R) and one RMGIC (Resiglass R) had the highest and lowest ability to release fluoride, respectively. In conclusion, the GICs and RMGICs evaluated exhibited distinct qualitative and quantitative patterns of fluoride release under conditions simulating the caries process, which might reflect their anticaries potential.
Applicability of Exposure Reciprocity Law for Fast Polymerization of Restorative Composites Containing Various Photoinitiating Systems
Authors: Tichy A , Bradna P
Published: September 2021

Objectives

The exposure reciprocity law (ERL) has been used to calculate the optimal irradiation time of dental composites. This study examined the applicability of ERL for fast polymerization of restorative composites containing various photoinitiating systems using a high-power multi-peak light-emitting diode (LED) lamp.

Methods

Three commercial composites differing in photoinitiating systems were tested: Filtek Ultimate Universal Restorative (FU) with a camphorquinone-amine (CQ-A) photoinitiating system, Tetric EvoCeram (TEC) with CQ-A and (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO), and Estelite Σ Quick (ESQ) with CQ and a radical amplified photopolymerization (RAP) initiator. Specimens 2-mm thick were polymerized using a high-power multipeak LED lamp (Valo) at 3 pairs of radiant exposures (referred to as low, moderate, and high) ranging from 15.8–26.7 J/cm2. They were achieved by different combinations of irradiation time (5–20 seconds) and irradiance (1300–2980 mW/cm2) as determined with a calibrated spectrometer. Knoop microhardness was measured 1, 24, and 168 hours after polymerization on specimen top (irradiated) and bottom surfaces to characterize the degree of polymerization. The results were statistically analyzed using a three-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc tests, α = 0.05.

Results

Microhardness increased with radiant exposure and except for ESQ, top-surface microhardness was significantly higher than that on bottom surfaces. Combinations of high irradiance and short irradiation time significantly increased the top-surface microhardness of TEC at low and moderate radiant exposures, and the bottom-surface microhardness of FU at a low radiant exposure. In contrast, the microhardness of ESQ on both surfaces at high radiant exposure increased significantly when low irradiance and long irradiation time were used. With all tested composites, bottom-surface microhardness obtained at low radiant exposure was below 80% of the maximum top-surface microhardness, indicating insufficient polymerization.

Conclusion

Combinations of irradiance and irradiation time had a significant effect on microhardness, which was affected by photoinitiators and the optical properties of composites as well as spectral characteristics of the polymerization lamp. Therefore, ERL cannot be universally applied for the calculation of optimal composite irradiation time. Despite high irradiance, fast polymerization led to insufficient bottom-surface microhardness, suggesting the necessity to also characterize the degree of polymerization on the bottom surfaces of composite increments when assessing the validity of ERL.
Can One Both Contribute to and Benefit from Herd Immunity?
Authors: White Lucie
Published: September 2021

In a recent article, “Vaccine Refusal Is Not Free Riding”, Ethan Bradley and Mark Navin (2021) argue that vaccine refusal is not akin to free riding. Here, I defend one connection between vaccine refusal and free riding and suggest that, when viewed in conjunction with their other arguments, this might constitute a reason to mandate Covid-19 vaccination.
Distance education: the introduction of new computer technologies in the learning process
Authors: Piatnytska-Pozdnyakova Iryna , Kolomoiets Halyna , Furdychko Andrii , Sazhiienko Oleksandr , Rebryna Anatolii , Dykyi Oleh
Published: September 2021

The article defines the concept of distance multimedia training system and consider the use of distance multimedia training systems in higher education in the field of design; investigated the structure and composition of distance learning multimedia systems; identify the specific features of learning using distance multimedia learning systems; the specifics of user personalization in the multimedia space are considered; a format for describing data in distance multimedia learning systems has been developed. The results show that the automatic evaluation system for graphic images is an important step towards the creation of distance learning systems in the field of graphic design.
Osmanlı Devleti’nde Adli Modernleşme: Tanzimat Döneminde Dava Vekilliği(Avukatlık) Ve Baronun Ortaya Çıkışı
Authors: ÇAĞ Galip , ÖZTÜRK Funda
Published: September 2021

Osmanlı Devleti’nde şer‘i ve örfi kurallara göre düzenlenen adalet sistemi, Tanzimat Dönemi’ne gelindiğinde “kanunsuz suç ve ceza olmaz” anlayışıyla yeni bir yöne evrildi ve aynı dönemin kanunlaştırma hareketlerine de bu yeni yönelime göre şekil verildi.
Bu yönelimle birlikte adaletin uygulayıcısı olan kadı artık yerini laik hukuk düzenlemelerinin gerekleri olan avukat, savcı, hâkim gibi unsurlara bırakacaktı. Böylece Osmanlı Devleti hukukunda yeni bir meslek “davâ vekâleti” ve bu mesleği yapan “davâ vekîli” terimleri yerini aldı. Dava vekilinin günümüz avukatına evrilebilmesi için belirli aşamalardan geçmesi gerekmekteydi. İlk kanuni düzenlemelerde dava vekili olabilmenin şartları, vekillerin görevleri, hak ve sorumlulukları belirlenerek dava vekilliğinin profesyonel bir meslek olması sağlandı. Ayrıca teoride gerçekleştirilen bu düzenlemelerin uygulamaya da geçirilebilmesi için vekillerin eğitimi ve örgütlenmesi hususlarında da düzenlemeler yapıldı. Böylece avukatlık mesleğinin temelleri atılmış oldu.
Bu çalışmada Osmanlı Devleti’nde dava vekâleti mesleğinin oluşumu, mesleki eğitim ve örgütlenmenin dava vekilliği için önemine değinilerek Osmanlı Devleti’nde gerçekten dava vekâleti mesleği var mıydı sorusuna yanıt aranacaktır.
Enhancing Security and Privacy in Local Area Network (LAN) with TORVPN Using Raspberry Pi as Access Point: A Design and Implementation
Authors: Osman Mohd Nizam , Sedek Khairul Anwar , Othman Nor Arzami , Rosli Muhammad Afiqhakimi , Maghribi Mushahadah
Published: September 2021

Network security is designed to protect the integrity, confidentiality and accessibility of computer networks and data using both software and hardware technologies. Every person, including organization requires a degree of network security solutions in place to protect it from the ever-growing landscape of cyber threats in the wild today.  This paper aims to design and implement TorVPN as an access point using Raspberry Pi in enhancing security and privacy in Local Area Network (LAN).  This access point was implemented by using the combination of The Onion Router (Tor) and Virtual Private Network (VPN) services. Then, the graphical user interface application was developed to assist and facilitate the user to access the network securely without having the difficulties to configure and install any software. To determine the effectiveness of the proposed work, there were two experiments involved in this study. Firstly, the confidentiality test which to verify its privacy in keeping the information securely. Secondly, the performance test of the Internet connectivity in terms of ping, download and upload speed. The encourage results was expected as the confidentiality tested on the TorVPN access point network has shown the positive outcome by securing client’s Internet data packet. While, the Internet connectivity is not stable enough, when the client’s IP address changed in the network. Hence, the combination VPN and Tor service using Raspberry Pi as an access point inside the LAN is suitable and secure the information in the network, but do not suggest for user who wants a good Internet connectivity.
Bankruptcy Prediction Model with Risk Factors using Fuzzy Logic Approach
Authors: Teoh Yeong Kin  , Ahmad Aizam Akmal Haziq , Abu Hasan Suzanawati , Fathul Ariffin Anas , Mahat Norpah
Published: September 2021

Forecasting bankruptcy remains crucial, especially during this pandemic. Managers, financial institutions, and government agencies rely on the information regarding an impending bankruptcy threat to make decisions. This paper developed a straightforward bankruptcy prediction model using the fuzzy logic approach for individuals and companies to evaluate their performance and analyse the tendency of getting bankrupt. A sample of 250 respondents from banks and financial firms were tested using the qualitative risk factors, namely, industrial risk, management risk, financial flexibility, credibility, competitiveness, and operational risk. This study provides a comprehensive analysis using the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) editor in the MATLAB software, where the model's accuracy is compared to the actual results. The results show an accuracy rate of 99.20%, indicating that this approach can determine the likelihood of bankruptcy. The fuzzy logic approach can improve prediction accuracy while also guiding decision-makers in detecting and preventing possible financial crises in their early phases.
Sinkhole Attack in IDS: Detection and Performance Analysis for Agriculture-based WSN using Cooja Network Simulator
Authors: Abd Halim Iman Hazwam , Abdul Azziz Mohamad Hafiz , Mohd Fuzi Mohd Faris
Published: September 2021

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) takes a major part in the world of technology and everyday lives by implementing Internet of Things (IoT) sensors into many kinds of environment such as agricultural area. Many farmers had applied WSN to help them to ease the tasks of tracking and collecting the important data status of their farms and greenhouses in order to maintain its ideal temperature, humidity and lights exposure. Despite these advantages, the WSN security issues could be questioned due to the possibility of being infected by the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) from the attackers. Sinkhole attack is the most common DDoS attack that happened in the agriculture environment WSN by sending a fake fastest route to the sensor nodes in the system. Therefore, this project has proposed an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect the sinkhole attacks in the network of agriculture based WSN. The project ran with three simulations of network topologies to show the comparison based on the network traffic performance. The simulations consist of attack-free network, a network with sinkhole attack and IDS in the malicious sinkhole network. The main simulator for the study was Cooja Network Simulator, which was used to conduct all three simulations, while Wireshark was utilised to capture network traffic performance. For every simulation, 20 sensor nodes were implemented due to the facts that the number of the nodes are majorly and ideally used in real life environment of agriculture area. The findings showed that by implementing IDS in the agriculture WSN will gives better results in network traffic performances comparing to the attack-free network and sinkhole network without IDS. Thus, it proved that the proposed IDS could detect the network when uncommon behaviour appeared in the network topologies.
Una autobiografía religiosa fuera de la norma: Autonomía y racionalidad en El libro de Recreaciones de María de San José
Authors: Martínez Calvo María Celeste
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN: Las «autobiografías por mandato» fueron, durante muchos siglos, el único mol-de autorizado donde la mujer religiosa podía desarrollar sus inquietudes literarias. En este artículo, se analiza cómo María de San José (1548-1603) realiza una «autobiografía por mandato» rompiendo con el modelo de saturación emocional que suele caracterizar a este género literario. Para ello, se estudian las referencias a la oración mental en su Libro de las Recreaciones y se comparan con los de otras escritoras carmelitas.ABSTRACT: The spiritual autobiographies were, for many centuries, the authorized model where contemplative women made real his literary ideals. This article investigate how Maria de San José (1548-1603) write a text that breaks the standard of emotional saturation that usually shows this literary genre. To accomplish this objective, references to mental prayer in her Book of Recreations are analyzed and compared with those of other Carmelite women writers.
"Del orbe VI la más remota parte": Rebolledo, la cartografía y el Atlas maior de Blaeu
Authors: Sáez Adrián J.
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN: Dentro del contexto biográﬁ co de Rebolledo como embajador en el norte de Europa, destaca su cercanía a saberes como la cartografía, que aparece en su obra de diversas maneras. Este trabajo examina las pistas cartográﬁ cas en documentos y poemas para seguidamente analizar la relación entre un pasaje de las Selvas dánicas (1655) y el Atlas maior de Blaeu, cruce en el que Miguel de Barrios tiene mucho que ver.ABSTRACT: Among Rebolledo’s biographical context as ambassador in northern Europe, stands out his proximity with knowledge as cartography, which appears on his work in different ways. This work examines the cartographical clues in some documents and poems in order to analyze the relationship between a passage of the Selvas dánicas (1655) and Blaeu’s Atlas maior, a crossing in with Miguel de Barrios has a lot to do.
Poesías sueltas. Texto
Authors: Trigueros Boto Clara
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN: Reunión de poesías del escritor malagueño Arturo Reyes recuperadas de la hemeroteca con introducción de la vida y obra del escritor y notas de cada poema. Es de gran interés para el conocimiento de la obra total de Arturo Reyes por tratarse de poemas que no se encuentran en ningún libro ni recopilación anterior. Solo se ubican en las publicaciones periódicas originales.ABSTRACT: An assemblage of poems from the writer Arturo Reyes recovered from the newspaper library with an introduction of the life and work of the writer and annotations about every poem. it is of great interest for the knowledge of Arturo Reyes complete work because they are elusive poems never seen in any previous book or compilation. They can only be found in the original periodical publications.
La primera copla real en la poesía castellana
Authors: Trapero Maximiano
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN: Se indaga en este artículo sobre la primera datación de la «copla real», la modalidad de la décima que sustituye a la «décima antigua», y que será la que se impone en toda la lírica castellana entre las diversas estrofas de diez versos durante la segunda mitad del siglo XV y todo el siglo XVI, hasta que a su vez ésta es sustituida por la «espinela», de manera plena a partir de la segunda o tercera década del siglo XVII.ABSTRACT: It is investigated in this article about the ﬁ rst dating of the “royal copla,” the modality of the tenth that replaces the “old tenth,” and that will be the one that is imposed in all the Spanish lyric between the different verses of ten verses during the second half of the ﬁ fteenth century and the entire sixteenth century, until in turn this is replaced by the “spinel”, fully from the second or third decade of the seventeenth century.
Resúmenes para repertorios bibliográficos
Authors: Malacitana Analecta
Published: September 2021

RESÚMENES, MATERIAS, DISCIPLINAS Y OTRAS CLASIFICACIONES E INFORMACIONES BIBLIOGRÁFICAS DE LOS ARTÍCULOS QUE COMPONEN EL PRESENTE VOLUMEN
La Crónica general de la guerra civil (1937)
Authors: Ezama Ángeles
Published: September 2021

La Crónica general de la guerra civil (1937) editada por María Teresa León y Federico Miñana recoge, en 65 textos, la visión del primer año de guerra por parte de un grupo de intelectuales republicanos. En estas crónicas periodísticas se ofrece información puntual sobre episodios del conflicto, sin descuidar la reflexión, la evocación nostálgica, el panegírico o la preocupación por la cultura.
La sátira en el tiempo
Authors: Campesino Juan
Published: September 2021

Revisión cronológica, y con apoyo de las fuentes literarias, de las principales teorías desarrolladas a propósito de la sátira, desde la antigüedad hasta nuestros días. Se trata de una mirada crítica a aquellos autores que, a lo largo de la historia, han expresado ideas importantes o desarrollados modelos teóricos sobre la literatura satírica; esto, con el objeto de precisar un marco comprensivo de análisis para acercarse a obras particulares de esta clase.
Oliva y aceituna: terminología olivarera hispanofrancesa en el Tesoro de las dos lenguas de César Oudin
Authors: Esteba Ramos Diana , Maux H. H.
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo se propone analizar los elementos que evocan la cultura del olivo y la importancia del aceite de olivo en la España del siglo XVII a través del Tesoro de las dos lenguas de César Oudin, el diccionario hispano-francés bilingüe y bidireccional que más audiencia logró a lo largo del siglo XVII.
Reseña de Guillermo Marco Remón (2019): Otras nubes
Authors: Plaza González Pedro J.
Published: September 2021

Reseña de Guillermo Marco Remón (2019): Otras nubes.
Afghan Lecturers’ Perception of Problem-Based Learning: A Case Study of Takhar University
Authors: Orfan Sayeed Naqibullah , Akramy Sayeed Asif , Noori Abdul Qawi , Hashemi Aminuddin
Published: September 2021

The study investigated the lecturers’ perceptions of problem-based learning (PBL); their attitudes towards PBL, their views of effects of PBL on the learning process and the factors for not employing PBL in their courses. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 40 randomly selected lecturers from Takhar University. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that lecturers had strong positive attitudes towards PBL and they were interested in utilizing PBL in their teaching activities. They were aware of the effects of PBL on the learning process particularly students’ learning. They believed that PBL could help students develop a variety of generic skills, e.g., communication and problem-solving skills, which are necessary for employment. However, most of the participants did not make use of PBL in their courses for various reasons such as large number of students in their classes and lack of appropriate infrastructure. The lecturers’ gender, level of education and years of teaching experiences did not have any significant impact on their responses.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERSEPSI RUTE BERJALAN TERBAIK MAHASISWA (Studi Kasus Jalur Pendestrian Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila)
Authors: Osly Prima Jiwa , Meutia Wita , Yahya Ilham
Published: September 2021

Terdapat beberapa jalur pendestrian di dalam kampus Universitas Pancasila untuk menunjang aktivitas di dalam kampus, salah satunya adalah jalur pejalan kaki yang menghubungkan Pintu Gerbang Utama Kampus Universitas Pancasila menuju Fakultas Teknik. Aktivitas dalam melakukan kegiatan perpindahan dari Fakultas Teknik menuju gerbang utama kampus, sehingga jalur pedestrian merupakan fasilitas sangat penting guna mendorong serta memperlancar aktivitas perpindahan dengan kegiatan berjalan kaki. Jalur tersebut sering dilewati oleh mahasiswa padahal memiliki jalur pendestrian yang terputus dan fasilitas penyebrangan seperti zebra cross yang belum tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi preferensi mahasiswa dalam memilih rute jalur pendestrian terbaik di dalam kampus. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuisioner secara online. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila dikarenakan responden ini dianggap telah memahami kondisi jalur pendestrian yang menjadi objek studi. Analisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan regresi linear (Backward method). Berdasarkan analisis, yang mempengaruhi kesetujuan mahasiswa mengenai rute terbaik adalah norma sosial, dukungan dan minimnya aktivitas lalu lintas lain di rute berjalan.
KINERJA STRUKTUR BANGUNAN CANDI SIWA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANALISIS RESPONSE SPECTRUM DAN TIME HISTORY
Authors: Putri Andina Prima , Yazid Reza Ranjani
Published: September 2021

Candi Siwa merupakan salah satu candi yang terdapat di kompleks Candi Prambanan yang terletak di perbatasan Yogyakarta dan Jawa Tengah. Candi Siwa mengalami kerusakan akibat gempa pada tahun 2006, setelahnya dilakukan kegiatan rehabilitasi pada Candi Siwa berupa perkuatan kolom, balok dan pelat beton bertulang. Adanya perkuatan yang diberikan pada Candi Siwa, maka perlu diketahui bagaimana kekuatan struktur tersebut apabila diberi beban gempa. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis response spectrum dan analisis time history. Pembebanan yang diberikan dalam analisis mengacu pada SNI 1726:2019 dan SNI 1727:2013. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan program bantu, didapatkan nilai base shear adalah 38213,296 ton. Displacement arah X terbesar terjadi pada Undak IV sebesar 39,54 mm dan displacement terbesar arah Y terjadi pada Undak IV sebesar 25,6 mm. Nilai drift maksimum yang terjadi pada Candi Siwa, pada arah X sebesar 0,00459 m pada Kaki I, sedangkan pada arah Y sebesar 0,00551 m terjadi pada Kaki I. Untuk level kinerja struktur Candi Siwa berdasarkan nilai drift ratio pada arah X dan arah Y masing-masing bernilai 0,0011 m dan 0,0007 m, nilai tersebut masuk ke dalam kategori Immediate Occupancy, yaitu kinerja yang umum digunakan dengan tingkat kerusakan yang sangat minim, risiko korban jiwa manusia yang sangat kecil, dan bangunan diharapkan mampu digunakan kembali.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR EKSTERNAL DAN INTERNAL DALAM EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN HOTEL ASHLEY SABANG
Authors: Wulandari Eka , Saidi Wahyu Indra Sakti
Published: September 2021

Salah satu upaya pemerintah pusat dalam mengatasi keterbatasan lahan di wilayah DKI Jakarta yang semakin sempit untuk hunian bagi wisatawan, pengusaha, pebisnis baik warga luar Jakarta maupun wisatawan mancanegara, maka pemerintah memberikan izin kepada setiap pengusaha untuk mendirikan hunian vertikal atau hotel. Pada setiap proyek konstruksi pembangunan hotel harus tetap memperhatikan faktor-faktor eksternal dan internal yang menjadi penentu proyek tersebut efektivitas atau tidak dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor eksternal dan faktor-faktor internal penentu efektivitas pelaksanaan proyek pembangunan Hotel Ashley Sabang. Yang menjadi sampel penelitian dalam tesis ini adalah kontraktor struktur dan arsitektur, kontraktor mekanikal, elektrikal dan plumbing, dan kontraktor interior di proyek Hotel Ashley Sabang sebagai objek penelitian, dengan metode sampling purposive. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji normalitas data, analisis karakteristik responden dan analisis relative importance index (RII). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat faktor eksternal penentu efektivitas pelaksanaan proyek yang meliputi, penggunaan internet untuk mencari sumber informasi, pemakaian media e-mail sebagai alat komunikasi surat menyurat dan selalu menyelesaikan masalah dengan masyarakat jika ada perselisihan. Sedangkan faktor internal penentu efektivitas pelaksanaan proyek yaitu, komitmen yang sudah dibuat antara owner dan kontraktor tepat waktu, membuat hasil kerja lebih berkualitas dan produktivitas dan mampu bersama-sama memecahkan konflik di proyek.
A model of industrial enterprise's market orientation on the basis of marketing strategy choice
Authors: ANTSEV Vitalii Yu. , VASIN Leonid A. , CHACHINA Elena B. , KOROVKINA Natal'ya I.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article investigates the process of market orientation of enterprise functioning based on a marketing strategy.
Objectives. We focus on building a model of market orientation of enterprise functioning, enabling to choose a development strategy and increase production efficiency.
Methods. The study rests on developments, concepts and hypotheses that are justified and reflected in the works on the problems of economic theory, economic growth, and development.
Results. We present a model of market orientation of enterprise functioning, which is based on a marketing strategy.
Conclusions. The proposed mechanism for assessing a market orientation model at the enterprise enables to create a universal criterion that takes into account both financial and non-financial indicators of evaluating a marketing strategy, namely, an integrated indicator of customer value satisfaction. A special feature of the model is the ability to compare integrated indicators of customer value satisfaction for each developed marketing strategy at the enterprise. As a result of such a comparison, it is possible to choose the most effective strategy for the analyzed enterprise.
Applying graph-matrix models in the strategic analysis of production capacity of iron and steel enterprises
Authors: ZAMBRZHITSKAYA Evgeniya S.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article addresses the development of a methodology for seeking reserves to increase production capacity through the enhanced balance of production system and bringing the latter to practical use at iron and steel enterprises.
Objectives. The purpose is to design a methodology to search for reserves to enhance production capacity of industrial enterprises at the strategic level, using the graph-matrix models of integrated steel works.
Methods. The study draws on methods of analysis and synthesis, principles of consistency and complexity, the graph theory, and matrix calculus.
Results. The paper offers a method for assessing and analyzing reserves to increase production capacity through enhancing the balance of the production system.
Conclusions. If used, the presented approach will help improve the quality of strategic management of production facilities in the iron and steel industry, and, as a result, the profitability and competitiveness of ironworks.
The Relationship Between Monetary Policy and Banking Policy to Manage Macro-Financial Flows of the Russian Banking Sector
Authors: KONYAEV Aleksei A.
Published: September 2021

Subject. This article analyzes the current state of the relationship between monetary policy and banking policy to manage macro-financial flows of the banking sector of Russia.
Objectives. The article aims to assess how closely monetary policy and banking policy are linked in order to manage the macro-financial flows of the Russian banking sector.
Methods. For the study, I used normative and integrated approaches, and general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge.
Results. The article assesses the relationship between monetary policy and banking policy to manage macro-financial flows of the banking sector of Russia.
Conclusions. The Bank of Russia's monetary policy transmission mechanism needs to be developed and improved. Developing a new channel of influence, i.e. the digital channel of the transmission mechanism, is a promising area to improve it.
Derivatives: Classification and Regulatory Issues
Authors: GUZIKOVA Lyudmila A. , KIM Natal’ya A.
Published: September 2021

Subject. We investigate problems of development and regulation of derivative financial instruments (DFI) in Russia.
Objectives. The purpose is to consider trends in the regulation of derivatives.
Methods. The study draws on general scientific methods.
Results. Based on the analysis of best practices, we confirm the need to regulate derivative financial instruments and identify major requirements for the regulation. The paper describes the history and current state of DFI regulation in Russia, analyzes the opinions of researchers and experts regarding the government intervention in the DFI market functioning. Approaches to regulation are linked to the goals and objectives of market participants and macroeconomic functions of the market. The paper also shows mechanisms by which derivatives affect the level of systemic risk in the economy and proves the importance of organizational and economic transformations in the field of DFI.
Conclusions. The paper states priority tasks and practical steps in the regulation of DFI in Russia.
Treasury Control of Budget Expenditures of the Russian Federation Constituent Entities: Practice and Optimization Opportunities.
Authors: KANKULOVA Marzhinat I. , OSMANOVA Sabina Z.
Published: September 2021

Subject. This article examines the business processes of treasury control in the course of authorizing budget expenditures of the subject of the Russian Federation.
Objectives. The article aims to develop recommendations for improving the business processes of treasury execution of budget expenditures of the subject of the Russian Federation.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of formalization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, observation, and other general scientific theoretical and empirical research methods.
Results. The article identifies reserves for increasing the potential of treasury control of the financial body of the Russian Federation subject by modifying the functionality of the budget process automated information system. It offers recommendations to increase the number of transactions for which extensive documentary control is carried out, while reducing the labor costs for performing the same type of current operations.
Conclusions and Relevance. The proposals to optimize treasury control are in line with the solution of common tasks for the development of modern technologies for budget execution based on digitalization and automation of budget procedures. The results obtained may be of practical interest to the financial authorities of the Russian Federation constituent entities (municipalities) that implement their budgets independently through the current budget account opened at the Federal Treasury.
The Role of FinTech Startups in Contemporary Society
Authors: UMAROV Husan S.
Published: September 2021

Subject. This article discusses the socio-economic role and implication of FinTech startups in modern conditions.
Objectives. The article aims to identify and characterize the main areas of influence of FinTech startups on social inequality and prove the need for their support by the State in connection with the growing influence of the FinTech industry in the global financial system.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical and statistical analyses, aggregation by attribute, and classification.
Results. The article reveals the growing influence of the FinTech industry on the global financial system, and in the context of this it proves that the current stage of development of world finance is characterized by an upsurge in investor interest in FinTech startups. Through empirical analysis, the article identifies the main categories of positive externalities of FinTech startups, and it also offers universal recommendations for State support for FinTech startups.
Conclusions. Today, FinTech startups are among the most dynamically developing companies in the financial market. According to the totality of characteristics, FinTech startups can become a tool for transforming the financial system at the State level. The FinTech development is reaching a new level, namely the supranational one, which has both advantages and disadvantages.
The problem of social selection in the system of higher ­education in the conditions of distance ­learning (through the prism of ­Pitrim Sorokin’s theory of social mobility)
Authors: Pidkurkova Iryna
Published: September 2021

During the quarantine of a coronavirus pandemic, distance learning does not properly perform such a function of higher education as social selection. This is illustrated through the prism of P. Sorokin’s theory of social mobility. One of the provisions of the theory assumes that the school, the institute of education is a social elevator, through which there is an upward movement, and due to the social functions of the school (testing, selection, distribution) there is the selection of the best, most skilled and talented individuals and their promotion. Distance education in the modern Ukrainian version makes the openings of the social “sieves” too large. So, firstly, not only the best and most capable can go through them, and secondly, such a system of education can lead to improper acquisition of knowledge by the students.

Key words: social selection, social sieve, social mobility, social functions of education, distance learning.
Gıda Mühendisliği Öğrencilerinin Gıda Güvenliği Hakkında Davranış ve Risk Algıları: Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: Çelik Ahmet Duran
Published: September 2021

Food safety is an important issue that concerns every consumer. In order to ensure food safety, the level of consumers’ awareness is important as well as the psychical environment of the food production process. According to some previous studies about food safety, a significant portion of food poisoning or various food-related illnesses are caused by improper food practices at home. This study aimed at determining the knowledge level, behaviour, and risk perception of food engineering students regarding food safety. According to the research results: 74,79% of the students "always" look at the expiration dates of food products while shopping; they trust supermarkets the most when purchasing meat products; and they consider genetically modified products (GMOs) to be the most risky food product group.
Keban Baraj Gölü Örencik Mevkiinden (Elazığ) Yakalanan Capoeta trutta’nın Kas Dokusundaki Bazı Ağır Metal Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Canpolat Özgür , Çalta Metin
Published: September 2021

Keban Dam Lake is the second largest dam lake in Turkey. In addition, it has the feature of being one of the most important dam lakes in our country in terms of both aquaculture potential and electricity generation. In this study, fish samples belong to Capoeta trutta caught from Örencik region of Keban Dam Lake were used. The concentrations of some heavy metals (copper, iron, zinc, chromium, nickel, cadmium, arsenic and mercury) in muscle of Capoeta trutta and the potential health risk from consumption of this fish species were examined. In addidion, the relationship between the heavy metal levels and some biological aspects of fish (weight, length and sex) were determined. As a result of the study, it was determined that the most and the least accumulated heavy metals in the muscle tissue of Capoeta trutta were zinc and cadmium respectively. The concentration of heavy metals showed differences according to weight, length and sex of fish. The results were found indicated that heavy metal levels in the muscle tissue of Capoeta trutta are below the tolerable values recommended by EPA, WHO and FAO. Therefore, there is not any risk for human consumption of this fish species.
Technical Efficiency of Sweet Potato Production: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Authors: C. Onuwa Godfrey , T. Folorunsho Solomon , Binuyo Ganiyu , Emefiene Mercy , P. Ifenkwe Onyekwere
Published: September 2021

The level of yield among sweet potato farmers is on a decline; low output and yield differences was observed, indicating the existence of inefficiency in production systems and variations in input utilization. Efficiency in resource use must be sustained in order to improve productivity and maximize farm output. This study therefore analyzed the technical efficiency of sweet potato production. Multi-stage sampling techniques were adopted in selecting 94 respondents for this study. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics and stochastic frontier production function. The socioeconomic variables of the respondents affected their farm efficiency and level of farm output. The estimated ratio of the L/R test was 0.579; indicating a goodness of fit of the frontier model and thus a rejection of the null hypothesis. The coefficients of sweet potato seeds (vines) (0.362) and labour (0.439) were positive and statistically significant at 5% level of probability, while the coefficients of farm size (-1.333), fertilizer (-0.452) and herbicides (-0.766) were negative but statistically significant at 5% level of probability. The inefficiency model revealed that the coefficient of farm capital (-0.172), education (-2.281), access to credit (-0.472), farming experience (-0.639), extension contact (-0.733) and membership of cooperatives (-0.396) were negative and statistically significant at 5% level of probability. The mean technical efficiency was 0.62 (62%) implying that the sweet potato farmers in the study area were not producing at optimal capacity. The constraints identified significantly affected sweet potato production in the study area. Subsidizing input costs; sensitizing farmers on appropriate farming practices, cooperative formation and efficiency in resource utilization; improving access to agricultural inputs, technology, farm capital, credit and extension services, market linkages, farm labour supply and the development of indigenous technologies in sweet potato production are strongly recommended.
A GIS- Based Approach on Annual Tractor Use, Soil Type and Crop Pattern Interactions in Some Provinces of the Aegean Region
Authors: Özgünaltay Ertuğrul Gülden , Değirmencioğlu Adnan
Published: September 2021

The objective of this study was to provide the basic data related to the tractor such as power ratios and annual use along with the production pattern, type of farms, farm size and their fragmentation, soil properties. In order to meet the above objective a survey study was conducted in 2013 in four provinces of the Aegean region namely Aydın, Denizli, İzmir and Manisa.Using a GPS device, the coordinates of the location of the agricultural lands were also found in order to analyze the data for further evaluation and GeoMedia Professional 6.0 CBS software. The results from the study indicated that the annual use of tractors is about 650 hours and the surveyed land is a typical example and resembles the whole country in terms of average land size and fragmented land structure. The total land owned by 305 farmers was calculated to be 4023.1 ha and each farmer has 7.47 ha land. On the other hand, the average parcel size was found to be 0.86 ha. The distance between the parcels ranged between 0.5-10 km mostly while %12 of the lands was out of this range.
An Important Genotype for Sustainable Extensive Goat Production Systems of Turkey: The Gökçeada Goat
Authors: Tölü Cemil , Savaş Türker
Published: September 2021

In this study, it was aimed to report some traits of Gökçeada goats, which raised under the natural conditions of Gökçeada, with respect to their protection within the scope of genetic resources. In this respect the information obtained from the goats supplied from the Island and reared in a semi-intensive system at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University and also the information obtained from the literature were collected and the biological and zootechnical identifications of the Gökçeada goat were performed. Gökçeada goats, which are predominantly black, have yellow or red blazes on both sides of their heads including their eyes. It was seen that Gökçeada goats had similar body measurements and lower live weights as compared to those of the same species on the mainland. The birth weight and the mature live weight of Gökçeada goats were found as 2.55 kg and 38 kg, respectively, whereas their mean kid yield per goat at birth was determined as 1.6 to 1.8 kids. Individuals with a milk yield of 591 kg were striking in the Gökçeada genotype, in which the mean lactation length and the mean lactation milk yield were determined as 251 to 259 days and 227 to 245 kg, respectively. Its milk fat (4.92-5.75%) and milk protein (3.29%) resembled those of our other native breeds. It is necessary to reveal, with more elaborate studies, the potential for Gökçeada goat cheese that is greatly demanded on the Island. It was determined that the Gökçeada kids, which were considered as dairy kids, had some small but nonfat carcass and that their meat was soft and of a light color and had a slight smell. One should be careful about the adaptation of the Gökçeada genotype, which successfully maintains itself under the island conditions and which is the source of income for producers, to intensive and extensive goat production systems.