bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatigue Life Improvement in Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Stainless Steel via Electropolishing
Authors: Vazquez-Castro Fernando , Garcia-Lopez Erika , Sandoval-Robles Jesus , Vazquez Elisa , Lopez-Botello Omar , Rodriguez Ciro
Published: June 2022

Additive manufacturing of metallic components with industrial-grade materials has shown great progress, but still face several challenges. In the present study the use of electropolishing to improve the surface finish of parts generated via laser powder bed fusion in stainless steel 316L is explored. A thorough assessment of the impact of the before-mentioned post-processing techniques on the fatigue life of the components was performed. Fatigue testing was conducted via rotating cantilever bar with solid samples and samples with lattice structures with strut sizes in 250 and 500 m. The stress amplitude for fatigue testing is set at 70% of the ultimate tensile strength of the samples. Considering 5 replications of each testing condition, the electropolishing surface treatment improves the average fatigue life from 20.5 cycles to 24.6 cycles when comparing with as build samples. The machining of the same kind of additively manufactured parts was used as a reference, achieving 29.6 cycles of average fatigue life. The samples with lattice geometries show an improvement in surface finish but did not achieve a significant improvement in fatigue life due to excessive loss of mass in the extremely small struts with 250 and 500 microns. The study reported here shows that electropolishing is a viable alternative for fatigue life improvement compared to other more expensive and/or complex post-processing approaches.
Novel Approach for Sensing the Humanoid Hand Finger Position Using Non-contact TMR Sensor
Authors: Iqbal Saeed , Nawaz Khan Shahid , Sajid Muhammad , Ali Sara , Iqbal Khawaja Fahad , Asgher Umer , Ayaz Yasar
Published: June 2022

The robotic hand robustness is necessary for different applications. In the past two decades, the magnetoresistance (MR) sensor technology has developed into a new field of magnetic sensing based of tunnel magnetoresistance technology (TMR) that is expanding rapidly. The hand gesture and position of finger can be found out with the help of different kind of sensors each kind of sensor have its challenges as well as the limitations. Smart sensors like TMR can provide multiple information with very small footprint, low power, and cost. This paper presents a novel technique to sense the robotic or human hand finger position with the help of non-contact magnetic field sensor called TMR sensor. The human hand finger position has been measured at four different positions. The results validate that the four finger positions has been detected with the help of single sensor with precision.
How a Few Custom Keycaps Make Keyboards More Ergonomic and Reduce Eye Movement by 35%
Authors: Platte Benny , Ritter Marc , Roschke Christian , Thomanek Rico , Hösel Claudia , Baumgart Matthias
Published: June 2022

Ergonomically designed devices for better workplace design get too little at-tention compared to the annual cost of long-term damage. To help workers better achieve their goals in their work environment, we explore small-step changes that any individual can make with many existing keyboards. We studied the keyboards that users have been using as their daily keyboards for at least a year. In an investigation with baseline and treatment phase we pro-vide the users with 800 keycaps of different shapes, colors and surfaces and let them experiment for 3 months during their daily work. The evaluation shows that users were able to reduce the time for daily operations by 12% and halve the number of looks at the keyboard.
Technological Innovations for the treatment of impulsiveness
Authors: López María , Acosta-Rodas Mónica , Bolaños-Pasquel Mónica , Ramos-Galarza Carlos
Published: June 2022

Impulse control, or also called inhibitory control, refers to the capacity of controlling attentiveness, behavior, thoughts, and/or emotions, and, at the end, to control internal willingness that is in charge of our behavior. It is important to mention that impulsiveness can be associated to three main factors, first, to behave without a direct implication of frontal lobe functioning; second, increased rate of the response given; and, behavior directed towards immediate reward. This article arises from the need to include technological innovations for the treatment of impulsiveness, thus, literature revision of the available applications about this topic has been made.
Optimization of the Emergency Evacuation Sign's Color Cognition for Users with Color Vision Deficiency
Authors: Wu Duan , Gao Peng , Zhang Ying
Published: June 2022

Color has the characteristics of fast reading and fast recognition, with this reason, information in environments needs color to help fast communication, especially in the situation of emergency evacuation. The colour and graphic symbols on emergency evacuation signs(EES) help direct people to safety and provide emergency information quickly.(Barry Gray. 2012)But according to statistics, about 8% of the world population are suffered by color vision deficiency（CVD）. While they are not resolved all colors, just easy to confuse some color. Today, different countries or organizations have different standard for EES, and many research shows, the color recognition of EES still has the phenomenon of uneven benefits of different groups of people, which means there are significant differences in the color recognition efficiency of EES between CVD and normal vision groups, especially deuteranomalous vision group (G, Landini, G. Perryer.2009).While the appropriate color selection can substantially improve CVD groups’ color recognition and at the same time not affecting the normal users’ color recognition rate. Therefore, to explore appropriate EES color design optimization for the CVD population has the social and scientific significance.With this background, this research intends to study the EES color recognition of CVD people and try to build optimize EES color model for this group of users. The research start with different selections of EES color standard among countries and organizations. Through the comparison of these standard colors, some color samples are sorted out with the help of the recognition models of CVD people. Then totally 57 CVD people participated the research as experimental volunteers to test the recognition of selected samples. The final ranking of samples were influenced by both the color hue and also the color lightness contrast between EES background and the icon or text. The objective of the research is to build a more inclusive practical color model for improving EES and other safety sign design. The result of this research could assist color design optimization and help the EES design to select appropriate color, without affecting the recognition rate of normal color vision people, while greatly improving the recognition of CVD group. The research conforms to the design thinking of universal design, inclusive design and human-centred design. The results could be used to optimize or review EES and other signage color design, could also apply to other visual information communication field.
The Relationship Between Simplified Chinese Character Height and Cognition Research in Signage Design
Authors: Wu Duan , Gao Peng , Hu Dongying , Xu Ran , Qi Yue , Zhang Yumeng
Published: June 2022

75% of our external information comes from vision, in signage and wayfinding system, characters and graphics have become the most important factor of information cognition. As the main characters in China's signage and wayfinding system, simplified Chinese characters affect the rapid and accurate cognition of information. At present, most of the cognitive research on simplified Chinese characters are learned from the data of Japan and Taiwan. Compared with Latin alphabets, Japanese and Chinese characters are much similar, but there are still significant differences between them. Japanese is a combination of Chinese characters and Kanas, the fonts and the layout of characters are very different. The traditional Chinese characters used in Taiwan are much more complicated than the simplified ones used in mainland China. In order to obtain the data that can really guide the standards of signage design in China, this research carried out a series of experimental studies on simplified Chinese characters’ recognition. Under the condition of fixed font, font weight, color, similar stroke number and character frequency range, the experiment obtained the data of characters’ height and recognition distance by changing characters’ height and recording the corresponding visual recognition reaction time. Then, based on the method of regression analysis, the relationship between the two variables of character height and recognition distance is calculated and visualized. Through indoor simulation and supplementary experiments, the data and conclusions could guide or verify the existing ergonomics data and signage design standard. The research outcome shows the relationship between simplified Chinese character height and cognition distance of on public signage system, which provides a theoretical basis for the related research and design. The results also revealed that with the use of Sans Serif typeface，the minimum of character height in the current design standard can be further increased. This research is still in early stage, in addition to the character height, the influence of stroke number, thickness and background colour contrast of characters still need to be further studied.
Bricoleurs: Resilience in Improvised Work in a Publishing House
Authors: Guevara Cesar , Lara Guevara Raquel , Mauricio Bonilla Jurado Diego
Published: June 2022

This study analyzes one of the issues that organizational psychology has dealt with in the last decade in a more exhaustive way: resilience is the result of having an optimistic nature as long as optimism does not distort the sense of reality. From a phenomenological perspective, publishing house Queyám was analyzed from the strategic part of the company, in this case a married couple that is in the presidency, as a sample the 6 employees were chosen in their different areas applying the focus group technique where the wife served Moderator of the structured interview with open questions of in vivo coding analyzing literal phrases that express the words used by the employees. It is discussed with the Nobel Prize in Physics Richard Feynman who became an expert in opening safes without knowing the combination, not only trying to find the mechanisms that allowed him to do so, but also collecting the psychological impressions of the people who used those safes or to find out how they chose the opening codes, finally this company has built resilience using improvisation as a fundamental capability
Configuration of a Web-Based Digital Twin using a Modular and Flexible Simulation Chain
Authors: Plesker Christian , Kutscher Vladimir , Bassauer David , Anderl Reiner
Published: June 2022

The versatile concept of the digital twin is being applied in various economic sectors. To exploit its full potential, the digital twin has to be adaptable to changing requirements. In this paper we address the configuration of digital twins with a focus on a flexible and modular simulation chain. Thereby, we utilize the Functional Mock-Up Interface to enable variable configurations based on basic simulation components. We validate the concept by a prototypical implementation.
Medical Devices Analysed from the Human Factors and Ergonomics in Engineering Design Point of View: Case Study
Authors: Morales Casas Adrian , Laparra Jose , Palomares Nicolás , Atienza Carlos , Solano-García Lorenzo
Published: June 2022

Here two real case studies of design and development with different grades of complexity are presented. A medical instrument prototype of a pneumatic retraction and holding system for surgical procedures and an electromedical device for non-invasive glucose measuring developed both from a TRL 4 to reach a TRL 7. The products were designed in the frame time of six months and fifteen months, respectively. The medical instrument was developed using a conventional Lean project and engineering design approach. Meanwhile, the electromedical device was created using Lean project management alongside a human-centred design and person-oriented innovation approaches. Based on the Lean approach, both products were built on a common ground project development path that the IBV follows. Besides, both projects had a common limiting factor, the need to meet a very demanding schedule of deadlines. The paper details the development stages followed in both products to compare how the human-centred design methods are integrated and could have been incorporated in the medical instrument case. Based on the Institute of Biomechanics’ (IBV) background in project management in the design, development and innovation of medical devices, this paper seeks to share applied knowledge on successfully implementing human factors plan and ergonomics in the engineering design process.
The South African Automotive Industry’s Competitiveness and Supply Chain Integration Challenges.
Authors: M Ikome John , Laseinde Timothy , M Kanakana Katumba Grace
Published: June 2022

The South African automotive industry Supply Chain Management is a very important element and plays a key role in its competitiveness. According to the survey and results, it shows that high operational cost, including customer’s cancellations, power failure and cheap imports are a major concern to its global competitiveness. As a result, the development of good competitive Supply Chain Strategies if vital.
Multimodal Human Systems Exploration with Tangible XR for the Internet of Production: An expert survey
Authors: Preutenborbeck Michael , Usai Marcel , Herzberger Nicolas , Flemisch Frank
Published: June 2022

Agile product development makes it possible to react flexibly to changing customer requirements. In this context, user and expert assessments, explorations and tests are very important, since customer requirements can often be easier identified by testing a first product or a prototype. Due to complex and long development processes, the development of prototypes is often time-consuming and costly. To improve this, we are developing a method in which the use of mixed reality (XR) allows certain product functionalities to be explored at a very early stage by using multimodal virtual prototypes. Traditional virtual reality (VR) addresses only the visual and acoustic modalities and is limited in its immersion, which is especially impeding for products where physical interaction and haptic experience is an important part of the product functionalities. Based on the findings of the multiple resources theory, Tangible XR allows part of this haptic experience to be experienced and integrated with the virtual experience, so that change requests to the product based on user or expert assessments can be identified and implemented at an early stage of the development process of socio-technical systems. In addition to this retrospective user assessment, Tangible XR can also be used to prospectively explore and develop product functionalities in an exploratory manner together with stakeholders. This exploratory paradigm can be an essential component of agile processes. The explorative approach developed is presented by using a Tangible XR car door opening mechanism as a demonstrator. Based on an expert study, a first proof of concept is presented.
Project Planning: A Determinant of Project Delivery to Time and Cost
Authors: Akinradewo Opeoluwa , Aigbavboa Clinton , Ikuabe Matthew , Adekunle Peter , Didibhuku Thwala Wellington , Olatunji Shola
Published: June 2022

Planning is not only the most basic of all the managerial functions, it also determines how the other functions will be implemented. With efficient project planning, utilisation of administrations, and hierarchical strategies, proper project operations can be sequenced to achieve a successful project delivery. This research study set out to appraise the project planning impact on project delivery. To achieve this, a qualitative research method was adopted in which archival data was obtained for public building projects executed between January and December 2021 within Lagos State, Nigeria. Analysis of retrieved data was done using descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation. The findings indicated that a significant relationship exists between time overrun and cost overrun while planning techniques used for projects has a non-linear relationship with time and cost overrun experienced on construction projects. The study concluded that planning plays a major role in the successful delivery of construction projects. Hence, there is a need to incorporate adequate project planning into the pre-contract phase activities on construction projects.
Dynamic Scheduling Techniques in Cloud Manufacturing – An Exploration of Deep Reinforcement Learning as a Critical Opportunity for Future Research
Authors: Chambers David , Lammers Thorsten , Yu Kun
Published: June 2022

Objective: Determine the state-of-the-art in dynamic scheduling techniques for cloud manufacturing.Significance: This paper firmly establishes the underexplored technique of Deep Reinforcement Learning as the state-of-the-art for dynamic scheduling in cloud manufacturing, exposes a significant gap in the literature, and sets out critical future research objectives.Abstract:For many years, metaheuristic algorithms have represented the state of the art in manufacturing scheduling techniques, proving to be exceptionally reliable for optimising schedules. However, metaheuristics suffer from inherent weaknesses that inhibit their ability to be applied to dynamic cloud manufacturing (CMfg) scheduling problems in practice. Thanks to the very recent and rapidly accelerating development in deep reinforcement learning (DRL), a small sample of studies have described how those approaches have thoroughly outperformed metaheuristic algorithms in dynamic manufacturing scheduling problems, establishing a new state of the art. However, a significant lag in maturity exists between the algorithms used in CMfg and state-of-the-art DRL. This paper systematically reviews the CMfg scheduling literature published between 2010 and 2020, summarises the development of deep reinforcement learning in this context and offers valuable directions for future research.
Assembly Line Optimization Applying a Construction Algorithm
Authors: Mayorga Jennifer , Buele Jorge , Soria Angel , Ayala-Chauvin Manuel
Published: June 2022

The production of turbochargers is increasing in the Latin American market. However, it is performed in an empirical way. Resource optimization enables an improvement in performance that translates into time and cost reduction. The content of this paper proposes the analysis performed to a company that dedicates to the construction of these equipment, and the development of an improvement proposal based on the Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) method. On-site visits were made to gain direct insights and based on the observations the layout of the plant was developed using LucidChart software. Further, the assembly and operations diagram were created as well as the determination of the process stages. Finally, the process was optimized by applying a constructive algorithm using Computerized Relationship Layout Planning (CORELAP), which evaluated the activities for their proximity and importance. Based on this design, an optimized layout of the company operations and routes was elaborated considering the real conditions of the company. The travel distance was reduced by 71.07%, and the time spent by 84.58%. While analyzing the time spent assembling a turbocharger, a decrease of 49.4% in its values was obtained from the analysis. The results attained from this proposal validate the application of the algorithms. Thus, enabling the elaboration of inferences regarding future long-term economic savings.
Automated vision-based toilet assistance for people with dementia
Authors: Ballester Irene , Kampel Martin
Published: June 2022

As the disease progresses, people with dementia increasingly require assistance with Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), including hygiene and toileting. In long-term care facilities, caregivers are responsible for accompanying residents to the toilet, which is not only time-consuming but not pleasant for either party. This paper presents an automated step-by-step system to guide people with mild dementia in using the toilet. The user's actions are detected and then compared to a model that specifies the correct toilet procedure, which includes toilet bowl actions and hand-washing. When inconsistencies are detected between the user's actions and the model, interaction with the user is initiated. A multimodal approach and feedback from healthcare professionals are used to tailor the interaction of the system specifically for users with dementia. Experimental results validate the functionality of the system to recognize actions performed by the user and provide suitable instructions to the user or alert a caregiver.
Psychogeography with Jack B. Yeats Art Sounding Gallery: Augmented Reality Locative Experience for Blind People
Authors: Rudenko Svetlana , Haahr Mads
Published: June 2022

Sensory Substitution Devices (SSDs) are a relatively novel concept, based on the idea of the multisensory brain. Research on synaesthesia and sensory pairings has revealed that sensory modalities of the brain are interconnected. Nature has demonstrated examples of people who have lost one sense, which has then been substituted by increased ability in another, for example the case of Daniel Kish who navigates like a bat (Burgess, 2021) by clicking of the tongue (echolocation principle). To find a methodology for translating information from one sense to another, or substitute one sense with another is the principle for all SSDs. A number of approaches to assistive technologies for different impairments have been developed, for example for blind people, such as the vOICe “seeing with sound” and EyeMusic Apps, which convert visual images and colours into sound. While most SSDs are focused on functionality to offer life assistance, such as for navigation, little or no work has been done to include the blind into the emotional world of Visual Arts, despite the fact that there are 45 million blind people in the world (Amir Amedi). In this paper, we present an audio GPS based walking app that presents a translation of the visual expression of artworks by sound/music to deliver the emotional content of the paintings to blind people. The music is composed for six artworks of Irish artist symbolist Jack B. Yeats (1871-1957), specifically reflecting on shapes, colours and emotional content of painting by composer experienced in audio-visual synchronisation via synaesthesia (Rudenko and Córdoba Serrano, 2017). The project is centred around the development of a new methodology for multisensory design (MSD) through the design, implementation, and evaluation of a locative art experience with Augmented Reality (AR), hosted by Haunted Planet Studios (director Mads Haahr).
Users’ Satisfaction with an Assistive Device and Quality of Life: A preliminary study on lower limb prosthetics
Authors: Garcez Letícia , Claudia Tavares Rodrigues Ana , Orsi Medola Fausto , Ramos Baleotti Luciana , Eika Sandnes Frode , Vaezipour Atiyeh
Published: June 2022

Quality of life refers to the individual perception of each person regarding their objectives, expectations and achievements, according to their stage of life and contexts of material, physical, emotional and social conditions. Assistive Technology devices can improve the individual’s performance in many domains related to daily activities, which are linked to independence and social participation. The user’s satisfaction is an important factor for the successful use of assistive devices. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the quality of life and the users’ satisfaction with their lower limb prostheses. Eleven individuals aged between 20 and 54 years participated in the study. All participants were interviewed by telephone responding to the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF), both in its Brazilian version. The highest frequency of positive responses (“very satisfied” or “quite satisfied”) were found in the professional service (90%), efficacy (81.8%) and weight (81.8%), while durability (27.3%), repairs and technical assistance (27.3%) and follow-up service (27.3%) were the factors with highest frequencies of dissatisfaction (responses of “not satisfied at all” or “not very satisfied”) in the QUEST 2.0. Participants indicated comfort (27.3%), durability (21.2%) and safety (21.2%) as the most important aspects for satisfaction with their prostheses. When it comes to the quality of life in the WHOQOL-BREF, the mean of the participants' scores was 74.2%, with similar scores for the domains of physical health (75.6±12.8), psychological (80.7±9.4), social relationships (74.2±15.1) and environment (66.5±16.2). This study contributed to the comprehension of the main factors of the assistive device and service that influence the satisfaction of prostheses’ users, and the correlation with their quality of life. Improvements are still needed in some aspects in lower limb prostheses in order to better meet the users’ needs.
The Evolution of Assistive Technology: A Literature Review of Technology Developments and Applications
Authors: Zallio Matteo , Ohashi Takumi
Published: June 2022

The term “Assistive Technology” (AT) has evolved over the years and identifies equipment or product systems, whether acquired, modified, or customized, that are used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities. Considering the advances that have been made, what trends can be identified to provide evidence of the evolution of AT as devices that foster accessibility and empower users with different abilities? Through a systematic literature review, we identify research items that offer evidence of the evolution of the meaning, purpose, and applications of AT throughout the history. This paper provides evidence that AT evolved from products to improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities toward enabling technologies that facilitate tasks for people with different needs, abilities, gender, age, and culture. This evolution will lead to a positive demystification of the meaning and applications of AT toward broader usage acceptance among mainstream users.
Redefining engineering psychology: Designing gestural car HMI for luxury car buyers
Authors: Hu Chujin , Zhao Li , Chen Yuxin , Zhang Yuchen , Dai Yuxuan , Gao Sibo , Zhang Zhejun , Huang Ruonan , Wu Lingjie , Wang Lu , Liu Wei
Published: June 2022

As the proportion of glazing on the surface of a car further increases, efficient and pleasant human factors between people and glazing become more critical. This study focuses on wealthy buyers with disgust emotion during in-car user journeys, as assigned by the corporate partner. The research team explores specific contexts in an empathetic way and uncovers context-specific pain points and opportunities. A prototype is designed to monitor and prevent scratching and protect passengers' privacy. Gestural or sound interactions are explored through brainstorming, bodystorming, and quick user testing. A visionary video scenario is provided to guide researchers and engineers to implement the interaction designs.
Speech Recognition Technology for Users with Apraxia: Integrative Review and Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Roundtree Aimee
Published: June 2022

This research exposes the need for more user experience and usability research on speech recognition software for users with apraxia, a speech disability. It provides feedback about common speech recognition devices from users with apraxia and speech impediments. The relatively high prevalence of apraxia and other speech disorders suggests that a large population may need technology to help improve quality of life and socialization. Speech and audio processing software might help improve both. Voice-controlled software and personal assistants can only improve this community’s lives if they provide parity of user experience. The article provides an overview of research insights and public feedback to help designers create more user-centered speech recognition software for this population. First, the article offers an integrative review of article findings from 2009 to 2020. Only 9 of 120 provided sufficient detail about the 20% of the users diagnosed with apraxia. The studies covered therapeutic rather than mundane settings. Only about a fifth of the users and participants recruited for the studies were diagnosed with apraxia of speech, a particular disorder that directly impacts speech recognition accuracy and precision. The samples were often heterogeneous in speech diagnosis, gender, and age. Others were homogeneous in terms of race and ethnicity. These factors are important because they may impact tone, texture, intonation, and other speech detection variables. Study methods were primarily orthodox user testing involving task scenarios. Second, the research gathers user feedback from users with speech impediments on Twitter. Most of the 143 tweets were negative about the performance of speech recognition technologies. There was far more negative feedback about the technologies and their inability to understand users with apraxia and speech impediments. The tweets did not reveal a wide range of activities, suggesting that the technology is only marginally useful to users with apraxia or speech impediments. Future studies should include more homogeneous samples in terms of speech conditions and more heterogeneous samples in terms of demographics. Future studies should also gather more direct feedback from users and compare technologies, which might require modifying user experience and usability research methods. Furthermore, more research studies reporting product design for this community should detail the user experience and usability testing involved. Finally, product designers should not only test products with diverse populations, including those with disabilities, but they should also test in mundane and therapeutic settings and applications and develop personae to help them keep in mind their particular needs. While recruiting and retaining these users might be difficult, any extra effort will pay dividends in product quality and marketability.
Design, Robotics and Co-Working. A Human-Centric Perspective on Fifth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Laudante Elena , Formati Fabrizio , Buono Mario
Published: June 2022

In recent years, the introduction of collaborative robotic solutions is constantly revolutionizing and innovating production processes by identifying new types of physical, cognitive, sensory, social and emotional interaction between user-operator and robot aimed at enhancing human capital. Starting from the preliminary study already realized on the different user-robot collaboration categorizations present in the literature (Formati et al, 2021), the new contribution, through the review of the still insufficient regulatory framework, ergonomic factors and robotic systems existing in the manufacturing field, returns the definition of further specifications about the collaboration modalities. In the current technological ecosystem, through the discipline of design is possible to prefigure and reinforce the collaborative processes through the introduction of new protocols and tools to support the regulatory standards, synthesis and evolution of the investigated categorizations, in order to optimize the production system as a whole and improve the working conditions of the operator with the robotic systems in terms of predictability, reliability, and usability.
Relationship between tire pressure and ride comfort of manually self-propelled wheelchairs
Authors: Fujisawa Shoichiro , Kawata Jyunji , Morimoto Jiro , Kaji Yoshio , Higuchi Mineo , Booka Masayuki
Published: June 2022

Along with the assisted wheelchair, a self-propelled wheelchair is also used as an assisted wheelchair by a caregiver; however, the problem with wheelchairs is that the vibration during driving causes motion sickness, discomfort, and annoyance for users. The tire pressure of the wheelchair is considered an influencing factor affecting the ride quality of the wheelchair; however, the extent of the effects of tire pressure on the wheelchair remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the factors influencing the tire pressure changes of the self-propelled wheelchair on the vibration using the tire pressure indicator. Furthermore, this experiment aimed to improve data reliability by manufacturing a device that pushes out a self-propelled wheelchair using an electric wheelchair to run the self-propelled wheelchair at a constant speed. A dummy heavy object was placed on the seat of the self-propelled wheelchair of the vibration measuring device manufactured in this experiment, and a triaxial accelerometer was mounted on it. Moreover, an electric wheelchair is used to drive the uneven road surface at a constant speed at regular intervals. The tire pressure display manufactured in this study was attached to both sides of the rear wheel of the self-propelled wheelchair, and a dummy weight of 50 kg was placed on the seat. Then, acceleration in the vertical direction is measured by a three-axis accelerometer mounted on a heavy object. In this study, the effects of tire pressure on ride quality were considered by looking at the correlation between ride quality by sensory evaluation and vibration analysis.
Empowering Individuals with Limited Joint Mobility: An Embedded Interdisciplinary Program between Occupational Therapy & Industrial Design
Authors: Mollo Kimberly , Adams Kyndra , Berger Andrew , Schneider Eric , Corlett Tod
Published: June 2022

This paper highlights the third consecutive year of an ongoing, embedded interdisciplinary collaborative program between Occupational Therapy Doctoral (OTD) and Master of Industrial Design (design) students and faculty co-creating assistive devices that improve participation in tasks and activities for individuals living with Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP). FOP is a rare and progressive genetic disease, causing an individual's muscles, tendons, and ligaments to turn to bone, resulting in fixation and immobility. During the 9-month collaborative experience, OTD and design students co-conducted 2 sets of interviews with FOP clients identifying activities of daily living that were problematic secondary to individual disease course. OTD students administered the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to identify which daily routines and activities were impacted. Design students employed standardized questions to clarify how their activities were performed. Findings informed initial assistive device prototypes, which were then sent to FOP clients for user testing. After testing was completed, design students continued to prototype and conducted a second feedback interview. This program also included several interprofessional educational experiences designed by the OTD students for their design peers under occupational therapy (OT) and design faculty supervision. Content was created to reinforce FOP clients’ needs and was delivered through shared learning modules, activities, and peer-to-peer discussion. Weekly collaboration occurring in design coursework between disciplines and use of OT-related tools such as the COPM helped the design students leverage their skills by contextualizing what they observed when interacting with FOP clients, ultimately creating better products that met the needs of individuals with FOP. Findings presented include current data up to February 2022 from OTD and design interviews and FOP user feedback; data collection and prototyping will continue through May 2022. Outcomes demonstrated and reinforced the need for consistent, higher-level embedded interdisciplinary collaborative approaches that uniquely meet the needs of clients experiencing complex medical issues and help to expand the usability of assistive devices for other populations with complex issues.
Design Research of Elderly-oriented Cultural and Creative Products Based on User Analysis
Authors: Ding Wei , Sun Shanshan
Published: June 2022

Research and analyse the development trend of cultural and creative product design in the context of active ageing, pay attention to the daily needs and emotional needs of the elderly, and study the characteristics of cultural and creative product design serving elderly users. The principles of elderly-oriented design for cultural and creative products are reasonably applied and appropriately grasped, and the age-appropriate design system is continuously improved. Combine the contents of user experience design science and other contents, propose an elderly-oriented design strategy for cultural and creative products that pays attention to the physical and mental health of the elderly, and provide new ideas for ageing cultural and creative design. The study shows that while developing the consumption market for middle and upper knowledgeable people, cultural and creative products can also turn to age stratification and focus part of their attention on the elderly who have a sense of affinity with traditional culture, contributing to the promotion of the process of active ageing.
The Kitchen Product Design Oriented to the Motor Capability of Armless People
Authors: Bai Mengjiao , Gong Xiaodong
Published: June 2022

Armless people face more difficulties in daily self-care activities such as cooking. Most of the existing kitchen products are based on the needs of normal people and rarely consider the characteristics of the disadvantaged group of armless people. Armless people can only use the product through the feet, chin and residual limb, which has high requirements for motor capability. Therefore, it is difficult to guarantee the efficiency, safety and operating comfort of the products, which has also become an obstacle to independent living of people without arms. The goal of this research is to design kitchen products suitable for people without arms. The research uses the definition and evaluation method of user capability in the capability-demand theory proposed by Clarkson et al. to disassemble the motor capability in user capability into strength, dexterity, reach and mobility. Through survey questionnaires, we can understand the scores of armless people on specific motor capabilities and use their higher-scoring motor capabilities to match the demands of product use in design practice, so as to improve the operability of the product. Based on the design strategy of P. John Clarkson and others for products using hands, the author summarizes the design strategy of products that use lower limbs and foot operations from the 6 dimensions of position, shape, force, precision, task and environment. It is proposed for guiding how to design products for armless people, the author also designs kitchen products based on this, hoping to help armless people cook like normal people. The analysis of the motor capability of armless people in this study can provide a reference for product design for this disadvantaged group. As a group with low levels of attention in the market, design, and society, the research on armless people has expanded the connotation and scope of inclusive design to a certain extent.
Human Factors Considerations in Design for the Elderly
Authors: Ismatullaev Ulugbek , Saduakas Alisher , Kim Kwanmyung
Published: June 2022

As the elderly population continues to grow in many developed countries, there is an immense need for products and services to improve their well-being. At present, numerous supportive technologies are being implemented to assist the elderly, both at home and outdoors. However, the application of human factors is often overlooked in the development of such technologies. Identifying human factors and ergonomic issues could help to produce designs that better meet the capabilities, limitations, and needs of the elderly. It also serves to increase the well-being and comfort of the elderly and to reduce the potential errors that often occur when using technology. Therefore, we conducted this study to analyze the prevalent problems related to human factors among the elderly and identify possible solutions to improve products and services for the target population.
Reducing Work-Related Stressors in the Care of People with Dementia through Music Intervention - What Factors Matter?
Authors: Ibenthal Elisabeth , Backhaus Claus
Published: June 2022

The disease-related behavioral changes of people with dementia, such as depression, place a high burden on caregivers. Music interventions can alleviate these neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). However, little is known about which people with dementia benefit most from it. Therefore, it is difficult to efficiently integrate music interventions into caregivers’ work processes. This study aimed to investigate whether there are factors that can be used to predict the effect of a music intervention on people with dementia. For this, a controlled pre-post-study with 28 people with dementia were conducted. Participants listened to their favorite music played during personal care. Before and after the intervention period, their NPS severity were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire. The pre-post-differences in NPS severity were descriptively analyzed as a function of age, gender, dementia severity, need for care, and disease pattern. Finally, music intervention particularly improved the NPS of women and people with severe dementia or need for care. The findings enable caregivers to preselect people with dementia who are likely to respond positively to a music intervention. Thereby, a reduction in their stress can be expected because of the targeted alleviation of the stressor NPS and the elimination of ineffective applications.
Program for Social and Psychological Rehabilitation of People with Disabilities
Authors: Kravchenko Oksana , Chupina Katherine , Safin Oleksandr , Bespalko Andrii , Kravchenko Kateryna , Balabushka Evgeniy , Vasyliev Serhii , Chernetska Yuliya , Klochok Oleksandr
Published: June 2022

The article considers the program of social and psychological rehabilitation of applicants with physical dysfunctions. Social and psychological rehabilitation is defined as a multicomponent concept that is closely related to the concepts of socialization, adaptation and development of psychological skills and abilities. Research papers on psychological rehabilitation, inclusive education and distance learning caused by the spread of COVID-19 are analyzed. The article proposes program aimed at providing a systematic approach to the organization of adaptation of applicants with physical dysfunctions, implementation of psychological and pedagogical support, correctional and rehabilitation measures through training programs and inclusive tourism, research on the level of rehabilitation and adaptation to the needs of each applicant with physical dysfunctions and institution of higher education in general. Tangled and complex character of the program was implemented on the basis of the Center for Social and Educational Integration and Inclusive Rehabilitation and Social Tourism "Without Barriers" of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University. The implementation of the program of social and psychological rehabilitation of applicants with physical dysfunctions resulted in increased levels of adaptation in the educational environment, increased proportion of applicants with physical dysfunctions involved in informal activities and implementation of their own social projects.
Design of Painting Workstation for Disabled People
Authors: Zare Mohsen , Varret Antoine , Bert Nicolas , Rouxel Thierry , Baume Hugues
Published: June 2022

Many people with disabilities, especially those with physical disabilities, could work, draw or produce art. However, very few workstations and tools are developed to meet their needs and conditions. The objective of this study is to evaluate the needs of an artist with a disability for an ergonomic workstation and to propose a prototype that increases the comfort and capabilities of people with physical disabilities to perform their tasks. First, we analyzed the tasks/activities, postures, and needs of an artist with a high level of disability while performing his drawing tasks in a real-life situation. Second, we simulated an art studio with the participation of six non-artist subjects with motor and mental disabilities to evaluate the user's experience and difficulties when painting in a similar real situation. Based on these studies, we proposed a specification for the design and prototyping of a painting workstation adapted for people with disabilities.Our analysis showed that very few workstations are adapted for people with disabilities and they must work on the floor with awkward postures, insufficient lighting and limited space. They have to make excessive efforts to perform most of their activities because the tools and workstations do not meet their needs. Based on the specifications extracted from our study, we propose a new design of painting workstation dedicated to disabled people to improve their comfort and performance.
Factors Influencing the Elderly’s Acceptance of Online Health Education Courses in Chronic Disease Based on DEMATEL Method
Authors: Sun Rui , Liu Chunrong
Published: June 2022

Online health education courses for chronic diseases are an important tool for the prevention of aging diseases. Analyzing the factors influencing the acceptance of the online courses by the elderly will help improve the design of the courses and make the elderly more willing to use this kind of health education courses.This study takes 60-75-year-old Chinese urban elderly as the research object, and collects relevant influencing factors through literature research. These factors are extracted, filtered and organized at three levels: visceral level, behavioral level and reflective level, resulting in 11 factors that influence the elderly’s acceptance of online education courses on chronic diseases. The Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology was used in the study for user research and quantitative analysis.The results show that: (1) "subjective motivation", "technical acceptance" and "difficulty of operation" are the key factors affecting the acceptance of online chronic disease health education courses by the elderly. (2) "course price", "social support" and "course duration" are factors that have a strong influence on other factors.This research provides new perspectives and positive suggestions for the development of online health education courses for chronic diseases in the context of an aging society.
Addressing the Gaps in Elderly Falling Prevention from the Perspective of a Human-Centered Design.
Authors: Saduakas Alisher , Ismatullaev Ulugbek , Kim Kwanmyung
Published: June 2022

People that were born during the “baby boom” are currently entering retirement age, which may bring about various issues. Elderly people may live longer than previous senior generations and experience more health issues that increase pressures on healthcare facilities. As this population grows, studying the issues that affect the elderly along with relevant solutions is vital. One such issue is falls, which cause various health-deteriorating consequences and even death in millions of seniors annually worldwide. Although numerous studies have been conducted on fall risk factors, there is still a gap in the study of interventions to address these factors. Here, a systematic literature review of all possible risk factors for falls and solutions addressing them was conducted. During the review process, certain gaps in interventions addressing the risk factors of falls were found. Hence, this study aimed to shed light on such gaps and provide insights on solutions from a human-centered design perspective.