bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy Weighted Clustering Method for Numerical Attributes of Communication Big Data Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Ding Haitao , Sun Chu , Zeng Jianqiu
Published: April 2020

It is necessary to optimize clustering processing of communication big data numerical attribute feature information in order to improve the ability of numerical attribute mining of communication big data, and thus a big data clustering algorithm based on cloud computing was proposed. The cloud extended distributed feature fitting method was used to process the numerical attribute linear programming of communication big data, and the mutual information feature quantity of communication big data numerical attribute was extracted. Combined with fuzzy C-means clustering and linear regression analysis, the statistical analysis of big data numerical attribute feature information was carried out, and the associated attribute sample set of communication big data numerical attribute cloud grid distribution was constructed. Cloud computing and adaptive quantitative recurrent classifiers were used for data classification, and block template matching and multi-sensor information fusion were combined to search the clustering center automatically to improve the convergence of clustering. The simulation results show that, after the application of this method, the information fusion performance of the clustering process was better, the automatic searching ability of the data clustering center was stronger, the frequency domain equalization control effect was good, the bit error rate was low, the energy consumption was small, and the ability of fuzzy weighted clustering retrieval of numerical attributes of communication big data was effectively improved.
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Synthesized Aluminium Composite Using Stir Casting Process
Authors: Coyal Anubhav , Yuvraj N. , Butola Ravi , Pandey KapilDev , Singh Kalra Tusharjeet
Published: April 2020

Aluminium is one of the most common metals in the world and its use is increasing day by day in many industries mostly in space industry and automobile industry because of its light weight and high strength capabilities. Aluminium-based alloys have great potential for cost saving application due to their light weight combine with high specific strength and corrosion resistance, as well as good castability. This paper mainly emphasis with the fabrication of Aluminium composites with SiC particles and jute ash particles. Hardness and tensile properties of the prepared Aluminium composite were determined before and after addition of SiC and Jute Ash particulates to find the extent in improvement of properties. SEM images have shown the grain boundaries formation. Results shows that the tensile strength is maximum in case of composite with SiC with value of 123MPA when compared to unreinforced 6061Al matrix with strength of 64MPa.
Educação Cidadã pelo Lazer
Authors: Borges Carlos Nazareno Ferreira
Published: April 2020

O texto é um ensaio construído a partir de uma revisão de literatura no qual se discute a hipótese de que é possível a experiência do exercício de cidadania pela vivência concreta e completa em ações de políticas públicas de esporte e lazer. Segundo se poderá descobrir ao longo do desenvolvimento, o exercício de cidadania poderá ocorrer se a experiência for vivenciada como direito social perspectivado tanto na redistribuição como no reconhecimento como critérios de justiça. Como argumentos, o texto desenvolve a discussão de conceitos-chave que contribuem para o debate, entre os quais: política pública, direito, cidadania, esporte e lazer.
Making a Reasonable Calculation: A Strategic Amendment to the IDEA
Authors: Lodaya Hetali
Published: April 2020

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) lays out a powerful set of protections and procedural safeguards for students with disabilities in public schools. Nevertheless, there is a persistent debate as to how far schools must go to fulfill their mandate under the IDEA. The Supreme Court recently addressed this question with its decision in Endrew F. v. Douglas City School District Re-1, holding that an educational program for a student with a disability must be “reasonably calculated” to enable a child’s progress in light of their circumstances. Currently, the Act’s statutory language mandates Individual Education Program (IEP) teams to consider a variety of factors including “the strengths of each child,” “the concerns of the parents,” “the results of the . . . most recent evaluation of the child,” and “the academic, developmental, and functional needs of the child.”1 This Note proposes an amendment to the IDEA, inspired by the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis framework used in business strategy, that adds external “threats” to this list of factors. This amendment will help parents, advocates, and schools better understand the Endrew F. standard and implement it with fidelity to the IDEA’s broad mandate.
FAKTOR INTERNAL MOTIVASI, COPING, MOOD DAN RELAPS PADA KASUS PECANDU NARKOBA
Authors: Syuhada Irwan
Published: April 2020

Relaps merupakan perilaku penggunaan kembali narkoba setelah menjalani penanganan secara rehabilitasi yang ditandai dengan adanya pemikiran, perilaku dan perasaan adiktif setelah periode putus zat. Secara garis besar ada dua faktor yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya relaps yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal dari individu. Skala yang digunakan untuk mengukur faktor internal motivasi, mood, dan coping adalah skala SCL 90 (skala klinis 90). Skala SCL ini bisa digunakan untuk mengungkap aspek motivasi, mood, dan coping.
Family physicians’ continuing professional development activities: current practices and potential for new options
Authors: Lindsay Elizabeth Ann , Wooltorton Eric , Hendry Paul , Williams Kathryn , Wells George
Published: April 2020

Background: As part of needs assessment processes, our Faculty of Medicine (FOM) continuing professional development office investigated the differences between physicians who do and those who do not frequently participate in planned group learning to gain insight into their interest in new forms of continuing professional development (CPD).Method: We sent a 19 item questionnaire to 485 randomly selected physicians of the 1050 family physicians in Eastern Ontario. The questionnaire examined present participation and satisfaction with CPD activities and perceptions regarding the potential impact of those; and appetite for new opportunities to meet their learning needs.Results: Of the 151 (31%) physicians responding, 61% reported attending at least one FOM group learning program in the past 18 months (attenders) and 39% had not (non-attenders). Non-attenders indicated less satisfaction (p = 0.04) with present opportunities and requested development in newer approaches such as support for self-learning, on-line opportunities, and simulation.Conclusions: Although there are high levels of satisfaction with the present CPD system that predominantly offers large group learning options, a substantial number of physicians expressed interest in accessing new options such as personal study and on-line resources.
Competency-based simulation assessment of resuscitation skills in emergency medicine postgraduate trainees – a Canadian multi-centred study
Authors: Dagnone J. Damon , Hall Andrew K. , Sebok-Syer Stefanie , Klinger Don , Woolfrey Karen , Davison Colleen , Ross John , McNeil Gordon , Moore Sean
Published: April 2020

Background: The use of high-fidelity simulation is emerging as a desirable method for competency-based assessment in postgraduate medical education. We aimed to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of a multi-centre simulation-based Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) of resuscitation competence with Canadian Emergency Medicine (EM) trainees.Method: EM postgraduate trainees (n=98) from five Canadian academic centres participated in a high fidelity, 3-station simulation-based OSCE.  Expert panels of three emergency physicians evaluated trainee performances at each centre using the Queen’s Simulation Assessment Tool (QSAT).  Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to measure the inter-rater reliability, and analysis of variance was used to measure the discriminatory validity of each scenario.  A fully crossed generalizability study was also conducted for each examination centre.   Results: Inter-rater reliability in four of the five centres was strong with a median absolute intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) across centres and scenarios of 0.89 [0.65-0.97]. Discriminatory validity was also strong (p < 0.001 for scenarios 1 and 3; p < 0.05 for scenario 2). Generalizability studies found significant variations at two of the study centres.Conclusions: This study demonstrates the successful pilot administration of a multi-centre, 3-station simulation-based OSCE for the assessment of resuscitation competence in post-graduate Emergency Medicine trainees.
Realism of procedural task trainers in a pediatric emergency medicine procedures course
Authors: Shefrin Allan , Khazei Afshin , Cheng Adam
Published: April 2020

Background: Pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians have minimal experience in life saving procedures and have turned to task trainers to learn these skills. Realism of these models is an important consideration that has received little study.Method: PEM physicians and trainees participated in a day long procedural training course that utilized commercially available and homemade task trainers to teach pericardiocentesis, chest tube insertion, cricothyroidotomy and central line insertion. Participants rated the realism of the task trainers as part of a post-course survey.Results: The homemade task trainers received variable realism ratings, with 91% of participants rating the pork rib chest tube model as realistic, 82% rating the gelatin pericardiocentesis mold as realistic and 36% rating the ventilator tubing cricothyroidotomy model as realistic. Commercial trainers also received variable ratings, with 45% rating the chest drain and pericardiocentesis simulator as realistic, 74% rating the crichotracheotomy trainer as realistic and 80% rating the central line insertion trainer as realistic.Conclusions: Task training models utilized in our course received variable realism ratings. When deciding what type of task trainer to use future courses should carefully consider the desired aspect of realism, and how it aligns with the procedural skill, balanced with cost considerations.
Pengecualian Perjanjian yang Berkaitan Paten dan Lisensinya dalam Pengawasan Persaingan Usaha
Authors: Mafulah Hanim
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan kajian tentang bagaimana pengaturan persaingan usaha dan pemberian Lisensi Wajib dalam pelaksanaan Paten untuk mewujudkan keseimbangan antara kepentingan Pemegang Paten/inventor dengan kepentingan masyarakat. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif deskriptif. Kesimpulannya berdasarkan kasus Perjanjian Supply Agreement 2007 antara PT. Dexa Medica bersama dengan Pfizer Overseas Llc (d/h Pfizer Overseas Inc) atas pelaksanaan Paten zat aktif Amlodipine Besylate dan Pasal 31 huruf k TRIPs Agreement yang diratifikasi dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1994 tentang Pengesahan Agreement Establishing The World Trade Organization (Persetujuan Pembentukan Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia) pada Lampiran 25 serta Pasal 14 Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 30 Tahun 2019 perlu ditindaklanjuti dengan penggunaan Lisensi Wajib Paten yang diberikan untuk memperbaiki praktik persaingan usaha tidak sehat, maka perlu dilakukan peninjauan kembali pengecualian perjanjian yang berkaitan dengan hak atas kekayaan intelektual seperti lisensi dan paten dari Pasal 50 Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999. Sehingga pelaksanaan Paten dan lisensinya yang diduga mengakibatkan praktik monopoli dan atau persaingan usaha tidak sehat dapat menjadi objek pengawasan dan putusan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU).
Analisis Materi Ajar Kimia SMA/MA Kelas X Pada Konsep Stoikiometri
Authors: Sari Siti Fatimah Indah , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul , Anggraeni Maya Erliza
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis materi ajar pada buku teks kimia SMA. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu tabel identifikasi proposisi mikro-makro, model struktur makro wacana, dan tabel identifikasi proposisi yang berpotensi kesalahan konsep (miskonsepsi). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Label konsep yang dianalisis secara keseluruhan berjumlah 46 label konsep, label konsep pada buku teks A dan buku teks B yang sesuai terhadap silabus kurikulum 2013 masing-masing berjumlah 34 dan 37. Label konsep yang hanya terdapat pada buku A berjumlah 9 dan semuanya sesuai terhadap silabus kurikulum 2013, dan label konsep yang hanya terdapat pada buku B, berjumlah 12 dan semuanya sesuai dengan Silabus Kurikulum 2013. Berdasarkan struktur makro wacana untuk topik stoikiometri pada buku teks A pembahasan konsep pada dimensi elaborasi mencapai level 5 dan dimensi progresi terdapat 4 konsep pada level 2 sebagai cakupan bahasan, pada buku teks B sajian materi pada dimensi elaborasi mencapai level 4, dan dimensi progresi pada level 2 terdapat 8 konsep.
Hydrogen Peroxide Electrosynthesis Using Recycled Graphite Granules as 3D Cathode. Comparison with Other Commercial Materials and Optimization Studies
Authors: Marincean Ana-Domnica , Dorneanu Sorin-Aurel , Ilea Petru
Published: April 2020

This study aims to evaluate the ability of the graphite granules (GG) recycled from spent Zn-C batteries to act as 3D cathode for hydrogen peroxide (HP) electrosynthesis (HPE) in eco-friendly conditions (unbuffered 0.05 M Na2SO4 solution, air as O2 source). The performances of GG were compared to those of other usual carbonaceous cathode materials for HPE such as graphite bloc, graphite felt and reticulate vitreous carbon (RVC), using a divided filter-press electrochemical reactor. The operational parameters such as the polarization mode, electrolyte and air flow rates, applied potentials or imposed currents, and aeration mode were optimized by 1 h tests of electrosynthesized HP accumulation (EHPA). Considering as optimization criteria the best compromise between the final HP concentration, global current efficiency and electrical energy specific consumption, we find that the most efficient material for EHPA was RVC of 500 ppi, exploited in galvanostatic mode and using an original aeration system. In optimized conditions, for the GG cathode, very promising efficiency indicators were evaluated, suggesting that better results can be obtained by electrode geometry optimization and GG pretreatment.
Dispositivos coletivos de apoio a produção e dinâmicas territoriais
Authors: Sabourin Eric
Published: April 2020

No Brasil, vários coletivos dos agricultores, mais ou menos institucionalizados e cujo objetivo principal é o apoio à produção individual ou familiar, assumem funções de interesse geral (geração e socialização de tecnologia, informação, formação, na base de prestações fundadas na cooperação e na reciprocidade (ajuda mútua, compartilhamento de recursos). Esses dispositivos coletivos e institucionais asseguram o manejo de recursos naturais comuns (água, terra, pastos, floresta) ou a produção de bens públicos locais (conhecimentos, inovação, acesso a mercados. O artigo analisa as características de algumas dessas experiências e examina sua contribuição efetiva ou potencial para a formulação de instrumentos de desenvolvimento rural mais adaptados.
PRODUCCIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN QUÍMICA DE BIOCHAR A PARTIR DE RESIDUOS ORGÁNICOS AVÍCOLAS
Authors: Trujillo A Enmer , Valencia A Christian Eduardo , Alegría A María Cecilia , Césare C. Mary Flor , Sotelo M Alejandrina Honorata
Published: April 2020

Los sistemas avícolas intensivos generan residuos orgánicos (gallinaza y pollinaza), las cuales, al ser utilizadas frescas causan impactos negativos al ambiente, sin embargo, estos residuos orgánicos son ricos en nutrientes que pueden ser utilizados como enmiendas del suelo, siendo la producción de biochar una alternativa para su aprovechamiento. En esta investigación, la producción del biochar se efectuó con un horno pirolizador (5 kg de capacidad). Midiéndose en la etapa de producción los parámetros: temperatura, rendimientos y densidad del material resultante. Asimismo, se caracterizó tanto la materia prima (gallinaza y pollinaza) como el biochar obtenido, determinándose: pH, humedad, cenizas, carbono orgánico total y contenidos de los macro y micronutrientes. Al evaluar las propiedades del biochar se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la pollinaza y gallinaza en rendimientos, densidad, pH, humedad, cenizas, nitrógeno, fósforo total, calcio, magnesio y fierro. El biochar fue sometido a pruebas de bioensayo para determinar el índice de crecimiento de las semillas y el crecimiento de los tallos de los primeros diez días. El índice de germinación del biochar de la gallinaza resultó significativo con el tratamiento del 3 % y como consecuencia la longitud de crecimiento de los tallos de las plántulas fue significativa
The Show Cave at “Gran Caverna de Santo Tomás” (Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba)
Authors: Parise Mario , Valdes Suarez Manuel
Published: April 2020

Del jame Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs, ki je eden najdaljših jamskih sistemov na Kubi, je urejen za turizem že od 1994. To je šesti nivo (od sedmih) tega kompleksnega kraškega sistema, katerega najnižji del je aktiven in teče skozenj potok Arroyo Santo Tomàs. Zaradi velike pestrosti kraških oblik, tako na površju kot v jami in zaradi pomembnih arheoloških odkritij, je jamo Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs v zadnjih 10 letih obiskalo pomembno število turistov in znanstvenikov, kljub težavam zaradi oddaljenosti od glavnih turističnih poti po otoku. Več elementov potrjuje, da je upravljanje z jamo lep primer majhnega vpliva turizma na jamo. Med temi je omejeno število obiskovalcev v skupini, uporaba zgolj lesa za lestve in mostičke za dostop do jamskega vhoda ter uporaba akumulatorskih električnih svetilk (ne da bi bil v jami nameščen stalni sistem osvetljevanja). Zato ima Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs velike možnosti da postane eno najpomembnejših mest na Karibih, kjer bi lahko na eni strani razvijali ekološki in trajnostni turizem, na drugi pa bi, zaradi svoje velikosti in dolžine, vabila mednarodne in kubanske jamarje ter znanstvenike k stalnim speleološkim in krasoslovnim raziskavam. At Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs, one of the longest karst system of Cuba, a part of the cave is exploited since 1994 as show cave. It corresponds to the sixth level (out of the total of seven) of the complex karst system, which lowest part is still active today, being the present course of Arroyo Santo Tomàs. Even with the difficulties related to great distance from the main tourist routes of the island, Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs was visited in the last 10 years by a significant number of tourists and scientists, due to its remarkable variety of karst landscape, at the surface as well as within the cave, and the important archaeological discoveries therein carried out. Management of the show cave is a good example of low-impact effect of tourism in a karst cave, as many features point out. Among these, the limited number of visitors allowed for each group, the choice in using only wooden ladders and passages to reach the cave entrance, and the adoption of rechargeable electrical light (without realizing any fixed light system in the cave). Gran Caverna de Santo Tomàs, therefore, has a high potentiality for becoming one of the best location in the Caribbean to develop an ecological sustainable tourism and, at the same time, due to its size and length, to allow international and Cuban cavers and scientiststo continue carrying out speleological and karst research.
Prevzete in domače prvine v slovenskih zloženkah
Authors: Stramljič Breznik Irena
Published: April 2020

Raziskava se osredinja na pregled tistih zloženk v slovenščini, katerih prvi deli so nastali s krnjenemprevzete korenske besede in danes v večini slovanskih jezikov veljajo za najproduktivnejše ali novopojavljajoče se tvor bene morfeme. Podrobnejša predstavitev njihove sposobnosti druženja s slov(en/an)skimi podstavami po podatkih iz korpusa Nova beseda je pokazala opazno stopnjo hibridizacije takih zloženk.
Avtorski komentar in citat ter njuna sporočevalno-vplivanjska vloga v Šerfovi pridigi
Authors: Vičar Branka
Published: April 2020

V prispevku sta predstavljena avtorski komentar in citat v Serfovih poznorazsvetljenskih pridižnih zbirkah Pad no zdig človeka (1832) in Predge na vse Nedele no Svetke (1835). V razvoju slovenskega pridigarstva sta prepoznana kot tradicionalna medbesedilna postopka s hipertrofijo v baročnih pridižnih besedilih. Sporočevalno-vplivanjska vloga avtorskih komentarjev se kaže v avtorjevem modalnem, vrednotenj s kern in ekspresivnem razmerju do vsebine oz. do izrazne strani besedila, citat pa deluje predvsem kot argument znanega avtorja ali avtoritete. V prispevku so natančno opredeljena tudi sredstva za ubesedovanje vlog govornega dejanja in njegovega sotvarja.
Človek – kdo je to? Razmišljanje o spolu besede človek v ljudskem jeziku
Authors: Grochola‑Szczepanek Helena
Published: April 2020

Predmet razmišljanja je spol besede człowiek v ljudskem jeziku. Avtorica se sprašuje, ali se beseda człowiek v enaki meri nanaša na žensko in na moškega. Podatki, ki so bili pridobljeni iz narečnih besedil, kažejo, da se beseda człowiek za oba naravna spola ne uporablja simetrično. Navadno označuje moškega in njen slovnični spol je dominantno moški. Primeri, kjer označuje človeško vrsto, so zelo redki. Beseda człowiek ni popolna oznaka za človeško vrsto niti v narečjih niti v knjižnem jeziku, ker se ne nanaša v enaki meri na moškega in na žensko. To označuje množinska oblika ludzie.
Pavle je Pavel, a ni bil Savel, tudi ni Peter in Pavel ne Peter ali Pavel ne pavliha
Authors: Keber Janez
Published: April 2020

članku, posvečenem Pavletu Merkuju, avtor obravnava besedje in frazeologijo, povezano z imenom Pavel. V naslovu članka pa bolj retorično odgovorja na vprašanje, ali rek Nomen est omen glede na to ime ter besedje in frazeologijo velja za jubilanta.
Življenje besed v Bibliji: od nog do glave
Authors: Narat Jožica
Published: April 2020

Članek je besedoslovna obravnava besed noga in glava v Dalmatinovi Bibliji, kontrolno pa tudi v Japljevem in najnovejšem slovenskem svetopisemskem prevodu. S tem je nakazana razvojna črta, primerjava posameznih mest z Luthrom, Rosalinom in Vulgato pa pokaže odnos naših prevodov do svojih predlog.
O leksiki s slovarsko-slovničnega vidika v smislu 'od besede do slovarja' (Branka Tafra: Od riječi do rječnika, Zagreb 2005)
Authors: Žele Andreja
Published: April 2020

Monografija priznane hrvaške jezikoslovke in predvsem pa izkušene leksikografinje Branke Tafra obsega dvajset avtoričinih razprav iz zadnjih desetih let. Že v kratkem nagovoru na platnicah knjige avtorica poudarja, da monografija obravnava besedo predvsem s slovničnega in leksikološko-leksikografskega vidika, kar omogoča čimbolj celostno slovnično in pomensko predstavitev besed oz. leksemov v slovarjih.
Osvetlitev rabe velike oz. male začetnice pri izlastnoimenskih pridevnikih s priponskimi obrazili -ov/-ev, -in v slovenščini
Authors: Jakop Nataša
Published: April 2020

V trenutno veljavnem pravopisnem slovarju, sodobnih jezikovnih priročnikih in jezikovni rabi se srečujemo z mnogimi zapisovalnimi dvojnicami pri izlastnoimenskih pridevnikih s priponskimi obrazili -ov/-ev, -in, zlasti kadar so del stalnih besednih zvez in frazemov. Raba velike oziroma male začetnice pri izlastnoimenskih pridevnikih v slovenščini zato spada v skupino pravopisno problematičnih besed, ki naj bi bile v jezikovnih priročnikih in slovarjih ustrezno obravnavane, pojasnjene in ponazorjene. S prispevkom želimo opozoriti tudi na dejstvo, da je pri sodobnem normiranju izlastnoimenskih pridevnikov treba ponovno preučiti vse dejavnike, ki določajo njihovo jezikovno normo.
Na meji med vezljivostjo in (obvezno) družljivostjo
Authors: Žele Andreja
Published: April 2020

Prispevek obravnava najpogostejša nihanja med vezljivostjo in družljivostjo

v okviru orodniške rabe in rabe prislovov načina. Predstavljena in utemeljevana so merila ločevanja med vezljivostjo in družljivostjo v teh najbolj mejnih primerih.
Slovenščina kot neposlednji jezik: revitalizacija pojma ‘J2’*
Authors: Gjurin Velemir
Published: April 2020

Drugi jezik je govorcu ali tuj jezik, ki ga nekaj že zna, ali, manj tipično, prvi

jezik, ki ga nekaj še zna, ko se je z vsaj delom vsakdanjega okolja primoran sporazumevati v njem.
New Achievements in Slovenian Dialectology and Linguistic Geography
Authors: Vendina Tatjana I.
Published: April 2020

This article analyzes the first volume of the Slovenski lingvistični atlas (Slovenian Linguistic Atlas (SLA), 2011). In addition to its very positive evaluation of the teamwork of Slovenian dialectologists, it highlights in particular the systematic approach to the selection and cartographic presentation of material. As a result, the differentiation of Slovenian dialects is presented on the atlas maps in all of its systemic complexity. In examining the scholarly value of the work, it must be emphasized that it presents a panorama of Slovenian dialects in the full richness of their lexical diversity. This new and fresh material is the main achievement of the atlas.
Lexemes from the semantic field ‘farm: rooms and furnishings in the house, farm buildings’ in the Slovenian Hills dialect
Authors: Koletnik Mihaela
Published: April 2020

This article presents lexemes denoting the rooms and furnishings in a farmhouse, farms buildings, and farm chores in the Slovenian Hills dialect to the extent specified in the questionnaire used for the Slovenian Linguistic Atlas (SLA). One hundred ninety-two replies to 128 questions were collected in six local dialects included in the SLA network of towns: in Šentilj v Slovenskih Goricah (T363), Zgornja Velka (T364), Kremberk (T365), Spodnja Voličina (T366), Negova (T367), and Črešnjevci (T368).
The methodology of identification of the different strata of recent Romanisms in Slovene
Authors: Šekli Matej
Published: April 2020

The article discusses the methodology of differentiation between the different strata of Romanisms in Slovene. Younger Romanisms in Slovene originate from one of the Young Romance idioms in contact with Slovene, i.e. Friulian, the Colonial Venetian dialects of Italian, and Standard Italian. Due to divergent phonetic developments a particular Romance lexeme shared by different Romance idioms can display an array of differing phonetic characteristics. These in turn provide the necessary criterion for the genetolinguistic differentiation of Younger Romanism in Slovene.
Hildegard Striedter-Temps’ German Loanwords in Slovenian: A Scientific-Historical Study Fifty Years On
Authors: Bergmann Hubert
Published: April 2020

This article deals with the biography of the German Slavist Hildegard Striedter-Temps (1931–1972) and the creation and reception of her volume Deutsche Lehnwörter im Slovenischen (German Loanwords in Slovenian), published in 1963. This work, together with her dissertation Deutsche Lehnwörter im Serbokroatischen (German Loanwords in Serbo-Croatian), printed in 1958, is still one of the standard works on Slavic-German language contact.
The SLOnar System: Informative Labels for Slovenian Dialect Varieties (From Dialect Group to Idiolect)
Authors: Weiss Peter , Kenda-Jež Karmen
Published: April 2020

Dialectology work on Slovenian linguistic territory primarily uses ad hoc abbreviations or labels for research points or areas when defining the geographical range of individual linguistic features for efficiency. The numeric marking of places in the Slovenski lingvistični atlas (Slovenian Linguistic Atlas, 2011–) is the most established, but less communicative. The SLOnar system (standing for slovenska narečja ‘Slovenian dialects’) makes possible the uniform designation of geographical data in Slovenian dialectology. By combining individual abbreviations in it, one can unambiguously designate the dialect group, dialect, subdialect, and research point (and the country where the place studied is located) all the way down to the individual speaker or informant.
Plemenito dejanje brnskih etimologov
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: April 2020

Sebrané spisy Václava Machka 1–2, ur. Ilona Janyšková – Helena Karlíková

– Eva Havlová † – Radoslav Večerka: Praha, Nakladatelství Lidové noviny,

2011, 2296 str.

Václav Machek, Korespondence I–II, ur. Vít Boček – Petr Malčík, Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, 2011 (Studia etymologica Brunensia 12), 1031 str.
Izbrisani slovarski sestavki iz druge, dopolnjene in deloma prenovljene izdaje Slovarja slovenskega knjižnega jezika
Authors: Gliha Komac Nataša , Jakop Nataša , Kern Boris , Klemenčič Simona , Krvina Domen , Ledinek Nina , Michelizza Mija , Mirtič Tanja , Perdih Andrej , Petric Špela , Snoj Marko , Žele Andreja
Published: April 2020

Iz druge, dopolnjene in deloma prenovljene izdaje Slovarja slovenskega knjižnega jezika smo morali zaradi zahteve imetnikov blagovnih znamk Cockta, Superga, Teflon in Tetra Pak po drugačni slovarski obravnavi umakniti slovarske sestavke, ki prikazujejo iz navedenih blagovnih znamk izpeljane občnoimenske besede.
Besedotvorje in njegovi viri v slovanskih jezikih
Authors: Voršič Ines , Stramljič Breznik Irena
Published: April 2020

Tvorba reči i njeni resursi u slovenskim jezicima: zbornik radova sa četrnaeste međunarodne naučne konferencije Komisije za tvorbu reči pri Međunarodnom komitetu slavista, ur. Rajna Dragićević, Beograd: Filološki fakultet, 2012, 771 str.
Prevajanje naslovov v šestnajstem stoletju
Authors: Premk Francka
Published: April 2020

Iz prispevka je razvidno, kakšen trd oreh je bilo za naše prve prevajalce tolmačenje bibličnih naslovov. S primerjalno metodo je mogoče ugotoviti, kje je J. Dalmatin prevajal naslove k bibličnim poglavjem (Mz 1-5) uglašeno z izvirnikom in kje sije prevajalec vtisnil svoj pečat.
Naglasna podoba privezno-pridevnega pregibanja v knjižni slovenščini
Authors: Nartnik Vlado
Published: April 2020

Naglas je sestavni del pregibanja, kakor ga najprej razkriva razmerje med kakovostnim prislovom bližnjimi privezi (predikativi) ter bolj samosvojimi kakovostnimi pridevniki srednjega praspola. Iz srednjega praspola se nato izvajajo tudi pridevne oblike srednjega, ženskega in moškega spola.
Mikrotoponimi v Kropi in bližnji okolici
Authors: Škofic Jožica
Published: April 2020

V članku bodo predstavljeni toponimi v Kropi in bližnji okolici: naselbinska zemljepisna lastna imena (poleg krajevnih imen tudi imena delov kraja Kropa), ledinska imena, vodna imena (hidronimi), imena vzpetin, dolin... (oronimi), imena poslopij (in nekatera hišna imena), imena poti in drugih samostojnih objektov.
Fonološki opis govora vasi Šentrupert (SLA 262)
Authors: Smole Vera
Published: April 2020

Vera Smole Govor vasi Šentrupert je v okviru dolenjske narečne skupine eden najbolj tipičnih vzhodnodolenjskih govorov. Ker je Šentrupert točka v mreži za Slovenski lingvistični atlas (št. 262), je njegovo glasoslovje predstavljeno v obliko fonološkega opisa, ki skupaj s fonološkimi opisi drugih krajev pomeni predprivavo za izdelavo SLA.
Vzorčili prikaz obsežnejših sopomenskih skupin iz Pleteršnikovega slovarja
Authors: Narat Jožica
Published: April 2020

V članku so predstavljene štiri obsežnejše sopomenske skupine (pomlad, netopir, kljub, zapenec/zaponec) iz Pleteršnikovega slovensko-nemškega slovarja, popolnjene s pomočjo Cigaletovega nemško-slovenskega in Bezlajevega etimološkega slovarja ter s kontrolnim pregledom celotnega Pleteršnika.
Fonološki opis govora kraja Zgornje Gorje (SLA 198)
Authors: Škofic Jožica
Published: April 2020

Fonološki opis govora kraja Zgornje Gorje (Slovenski lingvistični atlas, točka št. 198) je predstavitev fonološke ravnine gorenjskega gorjanskega govora. V prvem delu je predstavljen inventar fonemov (samoglasnikov in soglasnikov) in prozodemov, sledi predstavitev distribucije/razporeditve fonemov in njihovih polozajnih različic/alo-fonov ter prozodemov, v tretjem delu je prikazan izvor fonemov in prozodemov.
Predslovanska substratna imena v slovenščini
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: April 2020

V prispevku so podana identifikacijska merila, po katerih se prepoznava najstarejša plast imen substratnega izvora, kije bila v slovenščino podedovana iz alpske slovanščine.
Imena vasi in mest v Sloveniji
Authors: Majdič Viktor
Published: April 2020

V prispevku so obravnavana imena vasi in mest glede na procese slovanske kolonizacije, pomenske in besedotvorne kategorije (kronološko, geografsko), slovnične značilnosti (spol, število, sklanjatev) in naglaševanje. Posebna poglavja so namenjena večbesednim krajevnim imenom, evoluciji imen (novim in najnovejšim imenom), specifiki imen mest ter toponimskim (ojkonimskim) atlasom. Na koncu sta podana stanje raziskav in izbor literature.
Nekaj zanimivosti iz besedilnega korpusa Nova beseda
Authors: Jakopin Primož
Published: April 2020

V članku je nekaj zanimivih podatkov o distribuciji črk, besed in stavkov v besedilnem korpusu v Laboratoriju za korpus slovenskega jezika pri Inštitutu za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU. Korpus Nova beseda je glavni prek spleta prosto dostopni vir za kvantitativno raziskovanje slovenskega jezika (http://bos.zrc-sazu.si) in zdaj obsega 100 milionov besed, pretežno iz časopisnih tekstov in leposlovja.
Drago Unuk, Zlog v slovenskem jeziku (Ljubljana 2003)
Authors: Jurgec Peter
Published: April 2020

Monografija Draga Unuka je temeljna fonetično-fono-loška raziskava sodobne slovenščine. V prispevku je predstavljena, ocenjena in umeščena v okvir postgenerativnih fonoloških teorij in eksperimentalno fonetičnih obravnav na Slovenskem v zadnjih dveh desetletjih.
Analyzing Africa's Total Factor Productivity Trends
Authors: Nondo Chali , Jaramillo Juan R
Published: April 2020

Using data envelopment analysis (DEA), the authors investigate the productivity changes of 42 African countries by computing the Malmquist productivity indices. Subsequently, the measured Malmquist productivity indices become the dependent variables of a pooled truncated regression. The point estimates of the Malmquist indices indicate that TFP improved at an annual rate of 1.97% over the period 1992-2007. The decomposition of TFP shows that the major contribution of TFP growth is technological progress. Nevertheless, technical efficiency also appears to be trending upwards. Therefore, these results suggest that contrary to the dominant view in previous studies, Africa's TFP since the early 1990s has been accompanied by positive technological change rather than stagnation. The second stage results suggest that improving the quality of human capital and FDI not only augments the quality of labor, but also indirectly improves TFP. Regression results also show that an increase in openness positively affects TFP growth as this facilitates adoption of more efficient techniques of production.
Dynamics of Collaboration between U.S. Foundations and African Universities
Authors: Jaumont Fabrice
Published: April 2020

The question of interest in this chapter is the recent project referred to as the Partnership for Higher Education in Africa, and the partner Foundations' goal to contribute to the transformation of a select number of universities in selected African countries. Can public universities in sub-Saharan Africa fully accept the solutions proposed by a private donorship from the West? In exploring the question this chapter draws upon the theoretical frameworks of neo-institutionalism and resource dependency to analyze the related issues. It also reviews, within a neo-institutional perspective, the long-standing debate on U.S. foundations' international activities, and discusses these foundations' perceived influence over Africa's higher education system. Applied to the relationship between U.S. foundations and African universities, this lens seeks to shed new light on the debate about donor funding and its influence on educational reforms.
The Diffusion of the Concept of Knowledge Management among African Scholars
Authors: Akakandelwa Akakandelwa
Published: April 2020

Knowledge Management (KM) is a new phenomenon that is directly related to the recent emergence of the knowledge economy and technology advancement. It consists of the initiatives and systems that sustain and support the creation, storage, dissemination, assessment, application, refinement and exchange of relevant knowledge (UNDP, 2012). The application of Knowledge Management, generally, can assist to facilitate the capturing and sharing of various experiences by societies. Its acquisition can ensure that knowledge is converted to useful information which informs decision making. This sharing of experience and knowledge can take place through formal meetings or in informal encounters and should be managed through structured Knowledge Management processes. The understanding of what constitutes Knowledge Management (KM) has different meanings to different people. This paper investigates the diffusion of the concept of Knowledge Management in Africa in the last two decades using bibliometric techniques. The paper has investigated the total production of Knowledge Management related publications by African researchers. Furthermore, the paper has investigated the diffusion of KM concept through collaboration among institutions of higher learning (universities, colleges, and polytechnics). It also investigated the preferred channels of dissemination of KM research, the most prolific African researchers on KM, and the prominent journals in which these researchers publish their publications.
Educating Digital Citizens Through Curricular Incorporation
Authors: Cassells Laetitia , Dlamini Nolwandle Nono
Published: April 2020

With the increased focus on e-education and closing the digital divide through access to ICT's in South Africa, foundation and secondary school curricula are increasingly becoming the location for ICT integration. There is however no overt focus on introducing digital wellness and digital citizenship education information into the curriculum, leaving students vulnerable in terms of information seeking, use, and production even with infrastructure access being available. This treats the problem of the digital divide in South Africa as a purely access-based issue, ignoring the influence of information poverty and digital citizenship on the digital divide. Through examining the existing curriculum this article attempts to suggest a possible integration of these topics within the existing curricular structure.
Angolan Higher Education, Policy, and Leadership
Authors: Manuel Nicolau Nkiawete
Published: April 2020

Since the end of the armed conflict in 2002, Angola has witnessed rapid socio-economic development characterized by the stabilization of macro-economic indicators. In this context, the government has been implementing important structural and economic reforms, including in the area of education. The purpose of this chapter is to reflect on these developments and the implication they might have on development of sustainable higher education, access, quality education, equity, leadership, and education policy. The chapter provides a brief comparative analysis of tertiary education funding among the countries of Southern Development Community (SADC) and other African countries in order to draw the attention of the decision makers about the relevance to invest more on education and protect the investments that the state has been making in education. In addition, the chapter calls for transformative leadership for social justice and change in organizational culture as an alternative avenue for enforcing current policies.
Electoral Polling and Reporting in Africa
Authors: Fayoyin Adebayo
Published: April 2020

Opinion polling during elections plays a pivotal role in influencing the political and media agenda, and can potentially affect voting behaviour. However, evidence from various countries indicates that electoral polls have been characterised by contradictions and contentious debates which undermine their usefulness in democratic processes. The digital age has also led to a mushrooming of online polls, but some of them are of dubious quality. Thus, the chapter questions the continued use of electoral polls in multiparty politics in Africa. It argues that as a result of the inherent political and electoral volatility in many African countries, the utility of opinion polls need to be reconsidered. The paper recommends strategies for addressing the identified pitfalls, including increased professionalization of opinion polling, voter education on the limitations of pre-election polls and stronger appreciation of data journalism for media professionals. Stricter regulations, such as the embargo of election opinion polling may also be considered in different contexts.
Transforming Conflict in the Hands and Hearts of Communities in Kenya
Authors: Mutua Eddah , Kilonzo Susan
Published: April 2020

Media representation of ethnic conflicts in Africa constructs an image of a continent ridden with wars and violence. At the same time, prominence given to the Western intervention in conflicts in Africa leads to asymmetry of understanding about the role victims of violence play to improve their conditions. This chapter challenges macro-level frameworks about conceptions of ethnic conflict and peacebuilding by highlighting the work of Amani Mashinani (peace at grassroots) as a potential alternative model to transform conflict in North Rift Valley in Kenya. It appropriates peacebuilding as a practice of everyday life and explicates factors that explicitly account for understanding grassroots peacebuilding.
Providing End-of-Life Care to Patients: Critical Care Nurses’ Perceived Obstacles and Supportive Behaviors
Authors: Beckstrand Renea L. , Kirchhoff Karin T.
Published: April 2020

• Background Critical care nurses care for dying patients daily. The process of dying in an intensive care unit is complicated, and research on specific obstacles that impede delivery of end-of-life care and/or supportive behaviors that help in delivery of end-of-life care is limited.

• Objective To measure critical care nurses’ perceptions of the intensity and frequency of occurrence of (1) obstacles to providing end-of-life care and (2) supportive behaviors that help in providing end-of-life care in the intensive care unit.

• Methods An experimental, posttest-only, control-group design was used. A national, geographically dispersed, random sample of members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses was surveyed.

• Results The response rate was 61.3%, 864 usable responses from 1409 eligible respondents. The highest scoring obstacles were frequent telephone calls from patients’ family members for information, patients’ families who did not understand the term lifesaving measures, and physicians disagreeing about the direction of a dying patient’s care. The highest scoring supportive behaviors were allowing patients’ family members adequate time alone with patients after death, providing peaceful and dignified bedside scenes after death, and teaching patients’ families how to act around a dying patient.

• Conclusions The biggest obstacles to appropriate end-of-life care in the intensive care unit are behaviors of patients’ families that remove nurses from caring for patients, behaviors that prolong patients’ suffering or cause patients pain, and physicians’ disagreement about the plan of care.
Correlates of Neurocognitive Function of Patients After Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Sendelbach Sue , Lindquist Ruth , Watanuki Shigeaki , Savik Kay
Published: April 2020

• Background Decreases in neurocognitive function have been reported in patients who have undergone off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery; however, few investigators have examined the correlates of the decreases.

• Objectives To explore and determine the correlates of neurocognitive function at the time of discharge from the hospital in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

• Methods Patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery at Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn, were administered tests of neurocognition (cognition and motor function), anxiety, depression, and quality of life preoperatively (within 72 hours of surgery) and postoperatively (at least 72 hours after surgery but before discharge from the hospital).

• ResultsA total of 54 patients (79.6% men), mean age 64.5 years, completed tests both preoperatively and postoperatively. When baseline function was controlled for, increased age and new-onset atrial fibrillation (F3,40= 42.97; P < .001) were associated with decreases in postoperative cognitive function; increased age and anxiety (F3,35= 15.83; P < .001) were associated with decreases in postoperative motor function.

• Conclusion Older patients, anxious patients, and patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation are at risk for neurocognitive changes after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. Further studies with larger sample sizes should be done to examine interventions to reduce preoperative anxiety in these patients. Interventions to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation should be explored to determine whether the interventions prevent a decline in neurocognitive function.
Mechanical Thromboprophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Limpus Anthony , Chaboyer Wendy , McDonald Ellen , Thalib Lukman
Published: April 2020

• Objective To systematically review the randomized trials, observational studies, and survey evidence on compression and pneumatic devices for thromboprophylaxis in intensive care patients.

• Methods Published studies on the use of compression and pneumatic devices in intensive care patients were assessed. A meta-analysis was conducted by using the randomized controlled trials.

• Results A total of 21 relevant studies (5 randomized controlled trials, 13 observational studies, and 3 surveys) were found. A total of 811 patients were randomized in the 5 randomized controlled trials; 3421 patients participated in the observational studies. Trauma patients only were enrolled in 4 randomized controlled trials and 4 observational studies. Meta-analysis of 2 randomized controlled trials with similar populations and outcomes revealed that use of compression and pneumatic devices did not reduce the incidence of venous thromboembolism. The pooled risk ratio was 2.37, indicative of favoring the control over the intervention in reducing the deep venous thrombosis; however, the 95% CI of 0.57 to 9.90 indicated no significant differences between the intervention and the control. A range of methodological issues, including bias and confounding variables, make meaningful interpretation of the observational studies difficult.

• Conclusions The limited evidence suggests that use of compressive and pneumatic devices yields results not significantly different from results obtained with no treatment or use of low-molecular-weight heparin. Until large randomized controlled trials are conducted, the role of mechanical approaches to thromboprophylaxis for intensive care patients remains uncertain.