bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delayed complete opacification of intraocular lens
Authors: Joshi Rajesh Subhash
Published: December 2022

A 70-year-old male farmer underwent cataract surgery by the phacoemulsification technique 6 years ago. The patient has experienced diminished vision for the last 6 months. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy demonstrated significant opacification of the optic and haptic portion of the intraocular lens (IOL). The IOL was explanted followed by implantation of a polymethyl methacrylate IOL. The vision improved to 20/30 postoperatively. No IOL opacification was observed at follow-up visits. Histopathological evaluation of the explanted IOL exhibited calcium deposits in the optic and haptic portions of the IOL. We propose a new IOL opacification classification on the basis of etiology.
A Comparison of Proliferative Capacity of Reticular and Erosive Variants of Oral Lichen Planus by Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions Method
Authors: Gotmare Swati Shrikant , Gupta Anish A , Waghmare Mandavi , Kavle Pratibha , Rathod Asha , Sonawne Sushma , Pereira Treville
Published: December 2022

Background:

Oral lichen planus (OLP), an immune mediated disorder, has been recognized since 1869 and is presented as any one of the six variants. Reticular and erosive are the most frequently encountered. Its proliferative capacity can give some information regarding its progression. We adopted the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) method because of its simplicity to use and dependable results. We evaluated AgNORs in basal, suprabasal, and squamous cell layers. We also compared these three layers within two variants, reticular, and erosive.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty clinically diagnosed patients of OLP were included in the study. Reticular and erosive variants were included in our study. This was followed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and later by the AgNOR method. The mean number of AgNORs per nucleus was calculated.

Results:

Thirteen males and 17 females were the gender distribution. Twenty-three (76.67%) had reticular pattern and seven (23.33%) had erosive pattern. The basal cell layer had the highest mean AgNOR compared to suprabasal and squamous layers. Even among, erosive and reticular variants, the former had higher mean AgNOR counts.

Discussion:

Our results suggest that the inflammatory infiltrate close to the epithelial cells can alter the proliferation index for the pattern of protein synthesis of these cells. Moreover, the high proliferative index in OLP can be related to a specific immunologic response.

Conclusion:

We conclude that AgNOR can be used as a proliferative marker in earlier lesions to detect the severity.
Morphometric Analysis of Collagen in Different Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Picrosirius Red Stain and Spectrophotometry
Authors: Ashok Sahana , Ashok K. P.
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most formidable health problems for mankind. These carcinomas are characterized by invasion of epithelial tumor cells into the stroma, which get embedded in extracellular matrix and collagen producing reactive changes. Such changes in the stroma may alter the biological aggressiveness of the tumor. An attempt was made to evaluate the collagen changes in different grades of OSCC which can contribute to understanding the biologic behavior of oral cancer and predict clinical outcomes.

Aims and Objectives:

To assess the quantitative changes in collagen in different grades of OSCC using hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and Picrosirius red (PSR) stain through spectrophotometry and to compare the efficacy of these stains for estimation of collagen.

Materials and Methods:

The study comprised a total sample size of 60, which were distributed under 4 different groups, each containing 15 samples. Group I to IV consisted of normal buccal mucosa, with well-, moderately-, and poorly-differentiated OSCC, respectively. The tissues of 10 μm thickness were stained with H and E and PSR for spectrophotometric analysis.

Results:

The quantity of collagen decreased with increasing grades of OSCC. Comparison between two stains showed that PSR can provide a more reliable and accurate result than H and E.

Conclusion:

Collagen estimation is one of the methods to assess the progression of tumor. The method used in the present study for collagen estimation in different grades of OSCC is reliable and accurate.
Placental Dysfunction and Acute Toxoplasmosis: The Role of Melatonin in Relation to Inflammatory Cytokines Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-12
Authors: Al-Kuraishi Azhar H. , Khalil Hatham Ibraheem , Hassan Huda Hameed , Al-kuraishy Hayder M.
Published: December 2022

Objective:

The objective of this study was to elucidate the potential role of anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 and pro-inflammatory (IL-12) cytokines as well as melatonin (MEL) in the development of placental dysfunction in the pregnant women with acquired toxoplasmosis (TOX).

Materials and Methods:

This case–control study was carried out at the Department of Clinical Parasitology in teamwork with the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, from September 2018 to February 2019. The recruited patients and healthy controls were allocated into two groups – Group A: pregnant women with acute TOX (n = 45) and Group B: healthy pregnant women (n = 25). Anti-Toxoplasma (Toxo) immunoglobulin M (IgM), serum and placental as well as serum–placental (SP) ratio of MEL, IL-10, and IL-12 were measured. SPSS version 20.00 was used for data analysis.

Results:

Anti-Toxo IgM serum level and IL-12 serum levels were higher compared with controls (P = 0.001). Both MEL and IL-10 serum levels were lower in the pregnant women with acute TOX compared with controls (P = 0.002 and P = 0.002), respectively. Besides, Both MEL and IL-10 placental levels were lower in the pregnant women with acute TOX compared with controls (P = 0.001). As well, placental IL-12 level was higher in the pregnant women with acute TOX compared with controls (P = 0.001). SP ratio of MEL was higher in the pregnant women with acute TOX compared with controls (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

MEL and anti-inflammatory IL-10 are reduced in the pregnant women with acute TOX, while IL-12 is increased. SP ratio of MEL but not of IL-10 or IL-12 is elevated in the pregnant women with acute TOX reflecting the risk of PD.
ImageJ-FIJI-Assisted Estimation of Intestinal Layers’ Volume: Study in Jejunum–Ileum of Rats
Authors: Wicaksono Satrio Adi , Sumiwi Yustina Andwi Ari , Paramita Dewi Kartikawati , Susilowati Rina
Published: December 2022

Background:

Studies in the digestive tract often required precision quantification of intestinal volume to observe the effect of certain intervention/condition. Application of stereological methods could bring unbiased and accurate results but commercially computer-assisted systems are not widely available. ImageJ-FIJI is an open source software, which could become an alternative choice in the stereological measurement process.

Aim:

This study describes simple stereological quantification methods during volume estimation of jejunum-ileum intestinal layers of the rats using a light microscope and ImageJ-FIJI stereological tool.

Material and Methods:

Six 3-months old male Sprague-Dawley rats were terminated and jejunum-ileum was harvested after perfusion. After removal of intestinal luminal content, whole jejunum-ileum weight was measured. The organ was sampled as 6-10 slabs of 1 cm length in a systematic uniformed random sampling manner. Slabs were cut longitudinally at random angles before flattened and put on filter papers for subsequent tissue processing into 2-3 paraffin blocks. One section of 3 μm thick was sampled from each block, stained using toluidine blue and documented using a light microscope connected to a microstepper apparatus. The volume of the intestinal layers was estimated using a point-counting grid on Image J-FIJI software.

Result:

We compared two sets of counting methods i.e. minimal counting (MC) and rigorous counting (RC) approaches that differ in their respective a/p value. Quantification using RC approach resulted in significantly higher estimated volume of tunica submucosa and tunica muscularis while having more preferable stereological accuracy parameters (CE<5% & CV<10%).

Conclusion:

Although it required longer counting time, rigorous approaches resulted in higher accuracy while still within the range of rule of thumb criteria of 0.2 < CE2/CV2 < 0.5.
Primary Sacral Activated B-Cell Like Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Triple Expressor Type: A Case Report with Literature Review
Authors: Mohapatra Debahuti , Tripathy Pradipta , Mohanty Sandip , Pal Ankita
Published: December 2022

Primary bone lymphomas are unusual, and accounts for 2% among all lymphomas. Primary sacral lymphomas are still rarer with only 12 cases reported till date. They predominantly affect elderly males, showing occasional spinal epidural space involvement. We report a case of 49-year-old male complaining of low backache and radicular pain for 2 months, followed by the development of parasthesia and bladder and bowel involvement. Lumbosacral spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed an expansile lytic lesion of approximately 6.5 cm with enhanced soft-tissue component extending to neural foramina compressing the spinal cord. Biopsy showed non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma showing CD20, B-cell lymphoma (BCL) 6, BCL2, Multiple myeloma (MM) antigen 1 (MUM 1), and Cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene (C-Myc) positivity with CD10 negativity. Thus, the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL)-activated B-cell type was rendered. Thirty cases of CD10-negative DLBL with Myc translocation in bone have been found which occur predominantly in Asians. Sacral primary DLBL with Myc translocation is extremely rare, only two cases are reported till date to the best of our knowledge. Because of its rarity, the prognosis and treatment of this entity are still not clear.
Pattern and Outcome of Heart Failure Amongst Children Admitted in an Emergency Pediatric Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Sokoto State, North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Isezuo Khadijat O. , Sani Usman M. , Waziri Usman M. , Garba Bilkisu I. , Coker Lukman K. , Folorunsho Abdulrasheed
Published: December 2022

Context:

Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of mortality in the emergency pediatric unit (EPU). It is the usual presentation of many structural cardiac and non cardiac diseases. An audit of the causes of heart failure is necessary to ensure adequate management and prevention.

Aim:

We describe the pattern and outcome of children with HF admitted to an EPU of a tertiary hospital in Sokoto.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the EPU over 24 months (May 2019 to April 2021). Children aged 1 month to 15 years admitted with heart failure were recruited consecutively. The demographic characteristics, cause of heart failure, and outcome were entered into a proforma. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.

Results:

One hundred and fifty-five out of 7158 children (2.2%) had HF. Majority of these 103 (66.5%) were aged 1 month to 5 years. The age range was 1–180 months with a mean of 55.4 (±53.7) months and a median of 36 (IQR: 86 months). Males accounted for 84 (54.2%) with a ratio of 1.18:1. The commonest causes of heart failure were congenital heart disease (CHD) 40: 25.8%; severe anemia 34: 21.9%; bronchopneumonia 30: 19.4%; rheumatic heart disease (RHD) 18: 11.6%; and dilated cardiomyopathy 16: 10.3%. There were 45(29.0%) deaths, of which CHD, RHD and severe anaemia accounted for the highest mortality.

Conclusion:

Structural heart diseases like CHD and RHD, in addition to severe anemia and bronchopneumonia, are significant causes of heart failure and mortality in this environment. A holistic approach to prevention is necessary to reduce the burden.
A Single-Center Detection of Adult Patients with Advanced Periodontal Disease Using Surgical Assessment and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Chandran Ajay , Das Maneesha , Gufran Khalid , Khan Mohammad Shoyab , Alqahtani Abdullah Saad , Chikkanna Meenakumari , Swarnalatha C , Babu J Suresh , Nayyar Abhishek Singh
Published: December 2022

Context:

One of the major limitations of conventional radiological procedures is the presence of considerable overlapping and lack of clear, three-dimensional information. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has emerged as an effective imaging modality in such situations offering high-quality images and lower radiation exposure to patients.

Aim:

The aim of the present study was to assess the role of CBCT in the detection of intra-bony defects in patients with advanced periodontal disease.

Settings and Design:

The present study was designed as a prospective, observational study wherein patients aged between 35–55 years with advanced periodontal disease who were indicated for periodontal treatment in form of periodontal surgeries were selected from the outpatient department (OPD) based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty patients with chronic periodontitis with 12 teeth each including 6 anterior and 6 posterior teeth were selected for making measurements pre- and peri-operatively while bone defects were measured first with the help of CBCT software installed in an individualized system devised to be used for storing and analyzing CBCT images and then, during surgical intervention using standardized UNC-15 periodontal probe and compared.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The measurements obtained with the help of CBCT software installed in the personalized system and those obtained on surgical exploration were compared in each anterior and posterior tooth with the help of paired-sample t-test while Pearson's correlation(r) was used to test the correlation between the observed values. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

The results were found to be highly significant both in terms of statistical (P-value) and clinical (r) significance for various sites in the anterior and posterior teeth in all instances.

Conclusions:

From the observations made from the present study, it could be concluded that CBCT provided highly precise assessment of bone topography equivalent to the judgment obtained during surgical exposure at the sites of interest preoperatively, which helped in assessing the exact type and depth of defect present and helped in optimizing surgical treatment planning.
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting at Entopic and Ectopic Sites
Authors: Adamu Auwal , Ajiya Abdulrazak , Suleiman Dauda E. , Shirama Yakubu B.
Published: December 2022

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) mostly occurs within the thyroid gland (entopic site), with its occurrence within an ectopic thyroid tissue being rare comprising less than 1% of all thyroid cancers. The coexistence of PTC in entopic and ectopic sites is even rarer, and differentiating ectopic PTC from a metastatic cervical lymph node may pose a diagnostic conundrum. This report is aimed at highlighting the diagnostic challenges and treatment of this rare condition.
Using a Rat Model to Translate and Explore the Pathogenesis of Ketamine-Induced Cystitis
Authors: Huang Ying-Che , Lee Wei-Chia , Chuang Yao-Chi , Tsai Cheng-Nan , Yu Chun-Chieh , Wang Hung-Jen , Su Chia-Hao
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

Ketamine abusers may develop severe ulcerative cystitis along with irritative bladder symptoms. A reliable animal model may benefit the understanding of pathophysiologies and the development of therapeutic strategies for ketamine-induced cystitis (KIC). We used a popular rat model of KIC to validate the micturition behavior, functional brain images, and possible molecular mechanisms of this model.

Materials and Methods:

Female Sprague–Dawley rats were distributed to control (saline) and ketamine-treated rats (25 mg/kg/day for 28 days). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), metabolic cage study, and cystometry were evaluated. Potential bladder transcripts involved in KIC were screened by using next-generation sequencing.

Results:

In contrast to the control, the ketamine-treated rats developed bladder overactivity accompanied by enhanced fMRI signals in periaqueduct and caudal putamen areas. Alterations in bladder transcripts, including eleven genes involving in regulating NF-κB signaling of bladder inflammation, and Crhr2 gene overexpression associating with vascular endothelial growth factor signaling of bladder ischemia were found in ketamine-treated rats. Both categories could be attributed to neurogenic inflammation induced by the direct toxicity of urinary ketamine and its metabolites.

Conclusion:

Our study results suggest this animal model could mimic irritative bladder symptoms associated with central sensitization in KIC. Through the bladder transcripts analysis, we highlight the neurogenic inflammation underlying the pathophysiologies of KIC in rats.
The Effect of Intraurethrally Applied Anatolian Propolis Extract on Urethral Healing in a Rat Model
Authors: Girgin Reha , Can Emine Yilmaz , Çeker Gökhan , Kaymaz Esin , Çinar önder , Mungan Necmettin Aydin
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

Urethral stricture may cause irreversible results, as it prevents normal voiding. Although various endoscopic and open surgical options are available, the results are not always satisfactory so the main purpose is to prevent the formation of urethral scar. Our purpose was to examine the effects of intraurethrally administered Anatolian propolis on healing after an experimental urethral injury.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 40 Wistar male rats were used. Rats were divided into five equal groups: healthy control (Group 1), urethral damage/pathology (Group 2), solvent control (Group 3), 1-week propolis treatment (Group 4) and 3-week propolis treatment (Group 5). Urethral damage was performed with a 29G needle. Intraurethral, 50% ethanol, was administered in the solvent control group and 30% propolis was administered intraurethrally to the rats in Groups 3 and 4. Penile tissues were taken under deep anesthesia and examined under a light microscope.

Results:

Irregularities and luminal narrowing in the urethral epithelium and connective tissue were found in Group 2, except for one rat. Similarly, hyperemia-bleeding was observed in all rats except for one rat. Irregularities and hyperemia in the urethral epithelium and connective tissue were found in Group 3, except for two rats. Total improvement was observed in one rat, and more than 50% of fibrosis was observed in four rats in Groups 2 and 3. In Group 4, irregularity was observed in the urethral epithelium in four rats, while no inflammation was found in five rats. All of the rats had <50% fibrosis. In Group 5, six rats had complete recovery and <30% fibrosis.

Conclusion:

Anatolian propolis applied into the urethra seems to accelerate recovery after urethral trauma and reduces the formation of fibrosis.
The Cancer Behavior and Current Treatment Strategy for Upper Urinary Tract Cancer
Authors: Luo Hao-Lun , Chen Tzu-Shuang , Wu Wen-Jeng
Published: December 2022

Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs) are rare diseases, accounting for only 5%–10% of all urothelial cancers. Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with bladder cuff excision remains the standard care modality of UTUCs. However, the prognosis is poor and the recurrence is high in patients with advanced UTUC treated with RNU currently. Therefore, identifying cancer behavior for UTUC is an important guide for clinical practice. Herein, we provide an overview of cancer behavior of UTUCs, including prognostic factors and clinical cancer courses. We also discuss the appropriate management of patients with UTUC, such as diagnosis, surgical management, and systemic therapies. Due to the rarity of UTUC, strong evidence of management is often lacking. Therefore, further prospective trials are needed, and regular follow-up after interventions is mandatory.
Huppert’s conjecture and almost simple groups
Authors: Daneshkhah Ashraf
Published: December 2022

Let

G

be a finite group and

\mathsf{cd}(G)

denote the set of complex irreducible character degrees of

G

. In this paper, we prove that if

G

is a finite group and

H

is an almost simple group whose socle is

H_{0}=\mathrm{PSL}(2,q)

with

q=2^{f}

(

f

prime) such that

\mathsf{cd}(G) =\mathsf{cd}(H)

, then there exists an abelian subgroup

A

of

G

such that

G/A

is isomorphic to

H

. In view of Huppert's conjecture (2000), the main result of this paper gives rise to some examples that

G

is not necessarily a direct product of

A

and

H

, and consequently, we cannot extend this conjecture to almost simple groups.
Antik Yunan ve Rönesans’ın Tarihsel Sürecinde Heykel Sanatında Çıplaklık
Authors: SOYSAL Mehtap
Published: December 2022

Evrensel bir niteliğe sahip olan sanat farklı şekillerde ele alınsa da her kültürde kendini göstermektedir. Her kültür kendi kalıpları içerisinde insan bedeninin çıplaklığını ele almış ve sanat eserlerinde yansıtmıştır. Sanatta çıplaklık teması insanın tarihsel, siyasal, düşsel süreçleri içerisindeki gelişmeleri ile doğrudan orantılıdır. Sanat dalları içerisinde, beden, çıplaklık ve beden estetiği en çok kullanılan metaforik, sanatsal ve biçimsel öğelerdir. Çıplak bedeninin sanat yapıtlarına yansımalarının o dönem içerisinde hâkim olunan din, ahlaki görüşler ve mevcut iktidarların görüşleri içerisinde şekillendiği görülmektedir. Sanatta çıplaklık Helenistik Dönem ve Rönesans’ta ruhsal ve tensel olmak üzere karşıt anlamlar kazanmıştır. Sanat yapıtlarında aktarılan çıplak formlar yapıldığı dönemlerin şartları çerçevesinde toplumsal ve sosyal yapılanma içerisinde ele alınarak değerlendirilmelidir. Bu çalışmada farklı dönemlerde ele alınan beden çıplaklığının insanın varoluşunu sorgulaması ve bu sorgulamayı sanat dallarına aktarmasını incelemeye çalıştık. Helenistik Dönem ve Rönesans heykel sanatlarında aktarılan çıplaklığı eserler üzerinden analiz ederek ilgili dönemleri ele aldık. Her iki dönemde de farklı bağlamsal temeller çerçevesinde ele alınan çıplaklık hem dine hem de toplumsal kabule başkaldırı niteliği taşımaktadır.
Graph theoretic and algorithmic aspect of the equitable coloring problem in block graphs
Authors: Furmańczyk Hanna , Mkrtchyan Vahan
Published: December 2022

An equitable coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a (proper) vertex-coloring of
$G$, such that the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one. In
this paper, we consider the equitable coloring problem in block graphs. Recall
that the latter are graphs in which each 2-connected component is a complete
graph. The problem remains hard in the class of block graphs. In this paper, we
present some graph theoretic results relating various parameters. Then we use
them in order to trace some algorithmic implications, mainly dealing with the
fixed-parameter tractability of the problem.
An atlas of K3 surfaces with finite automorphism group
Authors: Roulleau Xavier
Published: December 2022

We study the geometry of the K3 surfaces $X$ with a finite number automorphisms and Picard number $\geq 3$. We describe these surfaces classified by Nikulin and Vinberg as double covers of simpler surfaces or embedded in a projective space. We study moreover the configurations of their finite set of $(-2)$-curves.

Comment: 95 pages, 80 figures, 1 Table
Аксіологічний підхід до формування мовленнєвої культури здобувачів початкової освіти
Authors: Самойленко Неля
Published: December 2022

Автор статті зазначає, що рівень мовної здатності завжди є і буде визначальним у характеристиці соціально культурного рівня народу і кожного громадянина зокрема. У нових соціально-економічних умовах розвитку державності зростає значення і вимоги до формування соціально-активної, культурної та духовно багатої особистості. Однією з основних умов цього процесу є набуття здобувачами умінь і навичок вільного і грамотного володіння рідною мовою. У статті зазначено, що проблема культури спілкування здобувачів початкової освіти, виховання їх як особистостей не може бути розв’язана без урахування норм літературної мови та мовленнєвого етикету, що відіграють значну роль в оцінюванні ситуацій з вербальною та невербальною комунікацією. Зосереджено увагу на думці, що Саме в закладах початкової освіти необхідно навчати учнів спілкуватись, дотримуючись етикетних норм (вербальних і невербальних), що формувалися впродовж століть багатьма поколіннями українців, так як рівень виховання, культури учня виявляється в манері говорити, умінні висловлювати думку, уважно слухати співрозмовника, володіти силою голосу та інтонацією, у багатстві мовленнєвого етикету. У статті розглянуто проблему формування культури спілкування здобувачів початкової освіти, уточнено зміст поняття «мовленнєва культура», проаналізовано питання формування культури мовлення у працях сучасних дослідників, визначено стан сформованості мовленнєвої культури молодших школярів у практиці сучасних закладів початкової освіти України.
Проблемні аспекти банківського контролю під час воєнного стану
Authors: Склярова Злата
Published: December 2022

З початком повномасштабної війни в Україні економіка держави зазнала сильного удару та деякою мірою була виведена і стану рівноваги, оскільки повністю підготуватись до найгіршого сценарію було неможливо.  Постала гостра потреба змінити звичний алгоритм дій та підготувати фінансову систему до тривалих воєнних дій на території України. Аби втримати контроль над економікою, призупинити процес інфляції та не поглибити економічну кризу до катастрофічного стану, органами державної влади, Національним банком України, Міністерство фінансів тощо було проведено ряд необхідних заходів. У даній роботі було виокремлено та освітлено зміни саме у системі банківського контролю. У даній статті розглянуто поняття банківського контролю, його ключові аспекти. Перелічено основні напрямки банківського контролю у мирний час та під час воєнного стану в Україні. Розглянуто процес виконання Банком своєї основної функції. Перелічено головні ризики у фінансовій сфері та можливість їх справдження. Вказано інфляційні очікування на кінець 2022 року. Зазначено та досліджено основні дії Національного банку України на початку війни, їх мету та результати. Виявлено головні проблеми економіки України в період війни, її слабкі сторони. Проведено паралель із діями Національного банку під час кризи, яка була спричинена коронавірусом у 2020 році. Вказано майбутні можливі кроки задля покращення стану економіки та перспективи подальшого розвитку. Перелічено напрямки, у яких буде рухатись Україна після завершення війни.
Postpandemia: bienestar psicológico de los estudiantes de Ciencias Médicas.
Authors: Suárez López Andrea Gabriela , Porras Enríquez María Belén , López Villa Freddy Omar
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es describir las dimensiones del bienestar psicológico en los estudiantes de la facultad de ciencias médicas y así poder comparar las diferencias entre grupos; esto debido a que la pandemia causó una situación sin precedentes, debido a la necesidad de aislarnos de varios ámbitos. Para llevar a cabo este trabajo, se realizó un estudio bajo el paradigma post-positivista con enfoque no experimental de alcance descriptivo y comparativo de modalidad cuantitativa y de corte transversal en estudiantes de primer semestre de la facultad de ciencias médicas en un contexto posterior a la pandemia, llegando a la conclusión de que la atención a las áreas de bienestar psicológico debería ser a través de planes de atención diferenciados.
El Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA) en Ecuador y sus cambios.
Authors: Centeno Maldonado Paúl Alejando , Moreno Silva Rubí Heydi , Tapia Guayanlema Melany Gisell , Urquizo Padilla Gisella Lizbeth
Published: December 2022

Los impuestos recaudados son utilizados por el gobierno para obra pública; sin embargo, la carga tributaria asumida por cada persona no es considerada según su nivel de economía; por lo cual, se plantea la interrogante de que cuál sería el beneficio de que la recaudación posea porcentajes según el nivel de economía y actividad realizada; es por ello, que el objetivo de la siguiente investigación es la búsqueda de la información necesaria en la cual se pueda verificar los cambios que ha presentado el Impuesto al Valor Agregado para tener el conocimiento adecuado sobre el tema y poder resolver la interrogante antes mencionada.
Estudio sobre el síndrome de Sjögren.
Authors: Llamuca Cali Gisela Mercedes , Naranjo Ruiz Luis Fernando , Reyes Pérez María Augusta
Published: December 2022

La investigación tiene como objetivo conocer el síndrome de Sjögren como una afección infrecuente, mediante una revisión bibliográfica. Para realizar la presente investigación, su principal finalidad es proponer una definición clara, precisa y concisa acerca del síndrome de Sjögren. Hubo varios estudios que han encontrado el procedimiento de las mutaciones del síndrome de Sjögren, y varios estudios expresan que ha ido evolucionando, y con ello, disminuyendo el riesgo de complicaciones y recidivas. Se concluyó que el síndrome de Sjögren se basa principalmente en datos clínicos y analíticos, y se puede llegar a diagnosticar en los primeros momentos del nacimiento según las manifestaciones observadas en el caso que se estudie.
Propiedades antioxidantes y nutricionales de la fruta y hojas del árbol averrhoa carambola.
Authors: Moreira Vinces Ruth Ydalinda , Piguave Pérez Vicenta Rocío , Mantuano Cusme María Isabel , Calderón Zamora Marjorie Jessenia
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar las propiedades nutricionales y antioxidante del fruto y la hoja del árbol averrhoa carambola cultivado en la zona 4, Ecuador, para lo cual se utilizaron métodos biométricos, químicos y bioquímicos para determinar características fenotípicas del fruto y para determinar capacidad y compuestos antioxidantes en el fruto y en las hojas del árbol. La propiedad nutricional de la fruta estuvo evidenciada por el alto contenido de carbohidratos y vitamina C; por lo tanto, los productos derivados de la averrhoa carambola pueden constituir un buen componente nutricional y medicinal en la población humana.
Consecuencias causadas en la cavidad bucal por la queilofagia.
Authors: Pilaguano Vélez Ricardo Sebastián , Macas Tapia Leonela Gibelly , Armijos Moreta Jaime Fernando , Gavilánez Villamarín Silvia Marisol
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es valorar los efectos que presenta la cavidad bucal de las personas con queilofagia y poder encontrar un método para erradicar este hábito. Se recolectó información mediante una encuesta aplicada a 40 estudiantes de UNIANDES en la ciudad Santo Domingo, con un promedio de edad entre 17 y 30 años. La mayoría de las personas encuestadas desconocen el término queilofagia y que es considerado un tic nervioso. Los resultados obtenidos en estas encuestas demuestran que la mayoría de las personas tienen un constante estrés en su vida y cada uno maneja ese estrés de distintas maneras, siendo el mordisqueo de los labios el segundo síntoma al presentar ansiedad, causando deterioro de la cavidad bucal.
Importancia de una buena salud oral en embarazos adolescentes.
Authors: Burbano Pijal Dayanara Cecilia , Pantoja Burbano Miriam Janneth , Molina Gutiérrez Teresa De Jesús
Published: December 2022

Una de las causas para que un embarazo sea considerado de alto riesgo es que sea en una adolescente, lo cual conlleva a controles frecuentes y exhaustivos. Los controles de la salud oral son considerados importantes para permitir el desarrollo adecuado del feto, ya que infecciones orales pueden desencadenar afecciones complejas que pueden llevar a un parto prematuro; es por ello, que el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el nivel de conocimiento de las embarazadas sobre la importancia que deben tener ellas sobre la salud oral y cómo puede afectar la misma en su embarazo, para así poder planear un proyecto de educación que le ayudará a conocer más sobre este tema.
Procesos de tenencia y el cumplimiento del derecho de las niñas, niños y adolescentes a ser escuchados.
Authors: Wilson Alfredo Wilson Alfredo , Pauta Rivas María José , Gil Betancourt Antonella Stefanía
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar el grado de cumplimiento del derecho de las niñas, niños y adolescentes a ser escuchados e informados en los procesos de tenencia en el cantón Santo Domingo durante el año 2020. La investigación se realizó utilizando una metodología cuantitativa-cualitativa, buscando obtener los resultados deseados se empleó el método analítico – sintético y el método inductivo, así como también encuestas y entrevistas, permitiendo conocer importantes criterios de profesionales del Derecho. Se concluye que a pesar de que los juzgadores tienen la obligación de aplicar directamente instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos, no están actuando acorde a la normativa, por lo cual no están garantizando el derecho de los niños y adolescentes a ser escuchados e informados.
SERANGAN PENYAKIT KUNANG-KUNANG DI PANTI BENIH UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Panjaitan Pohan , Syafitri Emmy
Published: December 2022

Penyakit kunang-kunang terjadi  di panti benih udang vanamei daerah  Kecamatan Pantai Cermin,  Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai  Propinsi Sumatra Utara. Penyakit kunang-kunang termasuk sebagai penyakit yang cukup ganas sehingga   penelitian ini sangat essensial dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi penyenab serangan penyakit kunang-kunang di panti benih udang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang serangan penyakit kunang-kunang di panti benih melalui pemeriksaan bakteriologik secars kuantitas dari bakteri penghasil cahaya di media pemeliharaan dan pada tubuh larva udang serta pengukuran parameter fisika dan kimia air media pemeliharaan larva udang.  Penelitian ini dilakukan selama dua bulan yaitu   Juni sampai Juli 2022 di panti benih udang PT.Windu Pertiwi  Pantai Cermin Kiri,  Kecamatan Pantai Cermin,  Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai dan di laboratorium Fakultas Peternakan Universitas HKBP Nomensen Medan Sumatra Utara. Larva udang yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pasca larva udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang mengalami serangan penyakit kunang-kunang dan larva yang tidak mengalami serangan penyakit kunang-kunang (sebagai pembanding), stadia larva udang yang diamati berkiasar antara pasca larva 5 dan 6. Model analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model regresi berganda dan pengolahan data memakai mikrostat dengan metode stepwise. Bakteri penghasil cahaya ditemukan di air media pemeliharaan dan pada larva udang di panti benih udang yang terserang penyakit kunangg-kunang. Sebaliknya tidak ditemukan di air media pemeliharaan dan pada tubuh larva udang yang tidak terserang penyakit kunang-kunang. Dengan demikian bakteri penghasil cahaya diduga penyebab serangan penyakit kunang-kunang di bak pemeliharaan larva yang terserang penyakit kunang-kungang di panti benih udang tersebt.  Jumlah bakteri penghasil caya di air media pemeliharaan dan di tubuh larva udang dipengaruhi olek konsentrasi bahan  organik dalam air media pemeliharaan larva udang
DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIAL FOR HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILLS IN READING COMPREHENSION AT STUDENTS MAN 2 MODEL MEDAN
Authors: Hariskha Sherly , Risnawaty Risnawaty
Published: December 2022

RINGKASAN- This study aims to determine the development, validity and effectiveness ofdevelopment of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) teaching materials in reading comprehension. This research is a research and development (R&D) using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The instrument used is a questionnaire for expert lecturers and students, interviews with teachers, and the results of the last test given to students. The test results from the validator through media design as a whole get very feasible criteria (88.33%) so that teaching materials can be used as teaching materials for students in the learning process. The results of the assessment of English Teaching Materials by experts on the substance of the material as a whole from the aspects that are considered to have received appropriate criteria (90%) so that the Teaching Materials can be used in the learning process.Keyword: Teaching Materials, High Order Thinking Skills, Development, Reading Comprehension.
Applying SWAT Model to Estimate the Annual Runoff of Wadi Al-Mohammadi Basin, Western Iraq
Authors: Al-Kubaisi Mahmood , Al-Kubaisi Qusai
Published: December 2022

In arid and semi-arid regions, with unexpected periods of floods or droughts as a result of extreme variability in rainfall rates, runoff occurs in separate periods after clear occasional rainstorms. People living in these areas are greatly affected by water shortages during droughts and often have unsafe livelihoods. Wadi Al-Mohammadi is one of the main valleys in the Western Desert flows into the Euphrates River. It is considered an important area, due to many characteristics, including its relatively large area, the amount of water drained through, and has significant storage of groundwater, which is used mainly in agriculture and watering livestock, in addition to industrial purposes such as the production of washed sand, gravel that scattered on both sides of the valley. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is proven to be effective as a working platform in the hydrological cycle and to clarify its components and factors affecting the hydrological situation in a region. By applying the SWAT model using the required data set (LULC, slope, and soil types), Wadi Al-Mohammadi is subdivided into 199 HRU (hydrologic response units). The annual average flow discharge was 0.138 m3/s with an average annual water volume about 4.366 Mm3, while the average annual water volume is calculated from runoff which was of about 4.651 Mm3. There is a difference in the average annual volume of water calculated from surface runoff and discharge, due to a little slope, and not all the surface runoff water reaches the mainstream, or it ends in secondary valleys or collecting in pits, and there for the discharge is less than the surface runoff. Peak runoff is observed in Wadi Al-Mohammadi basin mostly during the winter season, from November to March.
The Mishrif Reservoir Characteristics Utilizing Well Log Data Interpretation in the Fauqi Oilfield in Maysan, Southern Iraq
Authors: AL-Zubaidi Mahdi , Al-Khafaji Amer , Abeed Qusay
Published: December 2022

The Mishrif Formation was deemed the main oil reservoir in the Fauqi oilfield, southern Iraq. This paper aims to predict characteristic properties of the Mishrif Formation depending on the interpretation of well logs data. The data were collected from five wells of log images which had been digitized with Didger software version 5. 12. 1762 to be analyzed and interpreted using interactive petrophysics 3.5.1.2 software. The main lithology of the Mishrif Formation in this region was determined using standard (M-N xplot) based on the integration of density-neutron logs. The results confirmed that the Mishrif Formation is mainly composed of limestone units. A Gamma-ray log was used to estimate the shale volume in the Mishrif Formation depending on old rock function. As a result, shale volume relative to the bulk volume was about 19%, and an increasing volume was noticed in the upper reservoir, reaching the highest in the MA and MB11 units. The Mishrif Formation porosity was calculated using the interpretation of neutron, density, and sonic logs. The results showed that the Mishrif Formation is distinctive with low to medium porosity values (4.8 to 17%). The calculation of cores manifested the dominance of secondary porosity in the MB21 unit of the formation in comparison to the other stratigraphic units in the studied area. These results led to a the fact that the MB21 unit was more exposed to dissolution diagenetic processes in the south dome, which provided a good permeability integrated with the medium effective porosity, puttinh it as the main reservoir unit.
Effects of vitamin E on growth and maturation in the Asian catfish (Clarias macrocephalus) at puberty
Authors: Serrano Augusto E. , Bautista Lemark M. , Tumbokon Barry L.M.
Published: December 2022

The maturation of male fish is a problematic aspect of Clarias macrocephalus and probably one of the causes of the population’s disappearance in the usual places where they once abound. The present study aimed to explore feed additives to enhance its maturation from puberty. Vitamin E (VE) is essential in the reproduction of animals, including fish. A growth trial was conducted in which groups of C. macrocephalus were fed experimental diets containing graded levels of VE in the form of α-tocopheryl acetate (α-TA), namely, 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg VE·kg-1 diet. After 90 days, growth and maturation were assessed, and reproductive performance was tested by conducting induced spawning and artificial fertilization. Results showed growth and nutrient utilization indices were better in groups fed diets containing VE than in the control group. Maturation indices such as GSI, gonad weight, lengths, egg diameter, and fecundity were enhanced in the VE-treated groups. Reproductive performance, such as fertilization, hatching, and larval survival rate, was enhanced in C. macrocephalus broodstock in VE-treated groups. Quantitative estimates for optimal VE dose that elicited maximal response values ranged from 202.1 to 230.0 mg VE·kg-1 diet.
EFFECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN TRAFFIC IN THE WORK OF THE MISDEMEANOR COURT (VALJEVO CASE STUDY)
Authors:   Higher court in Valjevo, Serbia, Obradović Dragan , Tešić Biljana ,   Faculty of health and business studies Singidunum University, Serbia
Published: December 2022

The judicial system in Serbia in the 21st century is increasingly following the achievements in the field of science and technology. In various areas of social life, a wide range of technologies is applied to support the judicial system and the work of the police, including integrated information systems for the management of court cases as well as video surveillance systems in traffic. The development of technologies, their adoption and application directly affects the work of the police, as well as the efficiency and quality of functioning of all parts of the judicial system. The subject of this paper is the analysis of the application of modern information and communication technologies in the field of road traffic safety with the aim of improving the functioning of that system or its individual parts. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of the application of modern technologies in the field of supervision of traffic participants as well as their influence on proving traffic violations in the work of misdemeanor courts through the example of the Misdemeanor Court in Valjevo. The paper also deals with the positive financial effects of the collection of fines for convictions on the example of the city of Valjevo.
COMMUNITY SERVICE: EXPERIENCES AND CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA IN THE 2015-2020 PERIOD
Authors:   Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, Kolaković-Bojović Milica , Batrićević Ana ,   Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research
Published: December 2022

The dual nature of the community service makes this punishment, on the one hand, an effective mechanism for reducing the overcrowding of penitentiaries, while at the same time enabling effective rehabilitation and reintegration of convicts, through contribution to the local community. Despite the fact that Serbia has been facing the problem of overcrowding of prisons for a long time, and that the punishment of work in the public interest, although in different modalities, has been recognized for decades as one of the key mechanisms for addressing this problem, the pioneer attempts to address this problem have started fifteen years ago. The adequate preconditions to increase a share of the community service in the total number of the imposed criminal sanctions were created by the amendments to the legal framework in 2014. With this in mind, in this paper, the authors present the results of the application of the community service, collected as part of a comprehensive impact assessment research on the application of alternative sanctions and measures in the Republic of Serbia in the 2015-2020 period. The basis for the conclusions presented in this paper are founded on the basis of the data collected by triangulation of quantitative and qualitative research methods and analysed from the perspective of the efficiency, effectiveness and sustainability of the existing system. The paper also defines a set of recommendations for improving the normative framework and its application in practice and assesses their compatibility with the measures envisaged by the Strategy for the Development of the System of Execution of Criminal Sanctions for the 2021-2027 period.
The Application of Long-Jump Variations Based on Macromedia Flash for Students of Sports Training Education in the Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Medan 2022
Authors: Siregar Yan Indra , Siregar Irwansyah , Sitepu Indra Darma
Published: December 2022

This study aims to improve the quality of learning and learning outcomes of students of Sports Coaching Education, especially at the State University of Medan, Faculty of Sports Science. This research will produce a learning product that is combined with technology so that it can facilitate the implementation of higher quality learning. The research used in this study is experimental, meaning that research that aims to find a quality or causal relationship with the research design used in this study is a one group pretest-posttest design. The results of the study obtained the value of Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000 while when compared with a significance level of 0.05, the results obtained from the conclusions of the paired test are: The significance value (2-tailed) <0.05 indicates a significant increase between the initial variable and the final variable. This shows that there is a significant increase in the difference in treatment given to each variable. So it was concluded that the significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 there was an increase in the application of long-jump variations based on macromedia flash for students of sports training education in the faculty of sport science, Universitas Negeri Medan 2022. It is very significant in the application of learning using digital media students experience changes in behavior because students are more confident, easily/quickly understand the long jump variation, so that the development of student learning abilities will increase and be able to think more critically (High Order Thinking Skill)