bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Deterministic Threshold Proxy Re-Encryption Scheme From Lattices
Authors: Hua Na , Li Juyan , Zhang Kejia , Zhang Long
Published: October 2022

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to flexibly realize, the sharing and efficient search of encrypted data in large data-bases, this paper proposes a deterministic threshold proxy re-encryption scheme under the auxiliary input model. This scheme uses Shamir's secret sharing technology to achieve threshold control, uses homomorphic signature technology to verify the legitimacy of ciphertext, and applies deterministic algorithms to solve the search problem in large databases, while ensuring the user's control over their own data, and proves its security can reach indistinguishable semantic security (PRIV1-INDr) under the standard model. Compared with other schemes, this scheme not only shortens the length of the ciphertext and improves the decryption efficiency, but it also has anti-auxiliary input, robustness, and multi-hop characteristics and can better meet actual needs.
Suid-Afrika en die wêreld-ekonomiese herstel van 1975-77
Authors: De Kock Gerhard
Published: October 2022

In this paper, "South Africa and the World — Economic Recovery of 1975-77", the author, who is Senior Vice–President of the South African Reserve Bank, deals with the phenomenon of trade cycles by looking at the 1973-75 recession and the following cyclic recovery of the big industrial countries, and then discusses it's effects on South Africa. Economic indicators confirm that South Africa, for the time being, still finds itself in a recessionary phase. However, the present world economic recovery must have a favourable impact on South Africa's internal economy. Nevertheless, a difficult period of adjustment for South Africa confronts us and this fact has significant monetary and fiscal policy implications.
From the Editor - What will our society be like in 1985?
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: October 2022

No abstract available.
Bemarking in 'n Inflasionistiese Markekonomie
Authors: Lucas G. H.G.
Published: October 2022

According to expectations the inflation rate for 1977 will remain in double figures. At the moment a recession prevails and the South African marketing environment in which business enterprise operates has changed dramatically. In this article Professor Lucas points out that the time has now arrived for a creative demarketing strategy. Management's responsibility is not directed solely at the blind expansion of the sales volume and/or market share without considering the relative profitability. Its task is more precisely, to regulate the nature and scope of demand in such a way as to coincide with its own potential, to satisfy consumer and societal expectations and to ensure its survival and profitability at the same time.
Koppelvlak/Interface: Bargaining and Negotiation Strategy
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: October 2022

No abstract available.
Job Evaluation: An Outline of the Castellion Method
Authors: Biesheuvel S.
Published: October 2022

Poswaardering word, volgens die skrywer, die algemeenste gebruik vir die doel van salarisadministrasie. Poswaardering maak graderings van poste moontlik op grond van die verskillende eise wat die verskillende poste aan die besetters daarvan stel. Die verskillende else wat poste stel word gewoonlik gemeet in terme van een of meer veranderlikes, en aangesien hulle (die veranderlikes) konseptueel aansienlik verskil van een waarderingsisteem tot 'n ander, bespreek die skrywer 'n oorspronklik Suid-Afrikaanse metode van poswaardering, die "Castellion System".
Book Review: Modern Credit Management
Authors: McLeary F.
Published: October 2022

No abstract available.
The essential role of private enterprise and the market mechanism in the attainment of South Africa's economic objectives
Authors: De Kock Gerhard
Published: October 2022

Die sentrale tema van hierdie artikel behels die volgende: 1) Ten spyte van 'n suksesvolle fiskale en monetêre beleid, het Suid-Afrika steeds met emstige sikliese en nie sikliese ekonomiese probleme te kampe. Dit kan hoofsaaklik toegeskryf word aan wêreldwye ongunstige ekonomiese ontwikkelings en gespanne politieke verhoudinge met die buiteland; 2) Ons ekonomie pas hom besonder goed aan by hierdie ongunstige toestande; 3) Hierdie aanpassing behels onvermydelike finansiële dissipline en ekonomiese opofferings. Met gesonde ekonomiese bestuur behoort ons egter 'n redelike, stabiele ekonomiese groeikoers te handhaaf en 'n steeds stygende lewenspeil vir almal te voorsien; 4) Voortgesette ekonomiese groel gekoppel met stabiliteit behoort 'n sleutelbydrae te maak tot die oplossing van politieke probleme; 5) Om hierdie uitdaging die hoof te bled, moet verdere aanpassings gemaak word in ons ekonomiese strategie, sonder dat die owerheid oormatig hoef in te gryp in die ekonomiese sisteem. Sosialisme is nie die antwoord vir Suid-Afrika nie. In die strewe na ekonomiese en politieke doelwitte onder veranderde omstandighede, speel die private onderneming en die vrye markmeganisme 'n belangriker rol as ooit tevore.
Do your product managers manage products or are they glorified marketing clerks?
Authors: Jonker Willem , Ackermann Petrus L.S.
Published: October 2022

In hierdie artikel bring die skrywers die rol van die produkbestuurder in Suid-Afrika in verband met die begrip van produkbestuur soos dit ontwikkel is oor die afgelope 50 jaar. 'n Ontleding van 35 produkbestuurders in verskeie areas het getoon dat sekere produkbestuurders die teoretiese beskrywing goed pas, terwyl 'n groot persentasie daarvan afwyk. In sommige belangrike areas soos byvoorbeeld koördinasie tussen departemente, voorraadbeheer, verspreidingsbeleid, operasionele navorsing, koste en kostebeheer, opstel van spesifikasies en so meer, was hulle betrokkenheid in voorafgaande aktiwiteite minder as wat verwag is.
Worker participation in management: A comparative view of the potential European influence on South African industrial relations
Authors: Bendix D.W. F.
Published: October 2022

Die konsep van werkersdeelname in besluitneming in ondernemings geniet tans baie aandag, op sowel die teoretiese as die praktiese vlak. In hierdie artikels, die eerste van 'n reeks van twee, word 'n deeglike oorsig gegee van die Wes-Duitse stelsel van "Mitbestimmung" (de-bestemming). Die studie dek onder meer die geskiedkundige ontwikkeling van die stelsel, wetgewing en sekere praktiese aspekte, asook 'n vergelyking met benaderings en praktyk in verskeie ander lande. Die vraag word gestel in watter mate die Duitse stelsel van arbeidsbetrek-kinge, wat in bale opsigte as model van industriele demokrasie kan dies, na Suid-Afrika oordraagbaar is. Alhoewel hierdie studie hoofsaaklik die agtergrond vorm vir die tweede artikel, waarin die moontlike toepassing van die stelsel in Suid-Afrika in meer besonderhede bespreek sal word, word dit voorlopig genoem dat die Duitse stelsel nie sonder meer hierheen verplaas kan word nie, onder meer weens die groot verskille in die vlak van ekonomiese en sosiale ontwikkeling van die bevolkings in die hoogs-ontwikkelde Duitsland, en die ontwikkelende Suid-Afrika.
The other half - Towards better utilization of women's potential in South Africa
Authors: Smit Truida
Published: October 2022

Die noodsaaklike ekonomiese groei in Suid-Afrika vereis dat alle beskikbare bestuurspotensiaal ontwikkel en benut word. Hierdie artikel gee 'n oorsig van statistieke wat betref indiensneming in Suid-Afrika, veral in soverre dit vroue en bestuurslui aangaan. Die aantal vroue in bestuurs-poste het tussen 1969 en 1977 verdriedubbel — wat 'n aanduiding van die behoefte is, aangesien die getalle van mans, en Asiers, kleurlinge en swartes in bestuursposte ook gestyg het. Die waarskynlikheid van verhoogde militere aktiwiteit in Suid-Afrika verhoog ook vender die vraag na en die benutting van vroue sowel in militere diens as in die privaat-sektor.
The use of syndicates in the learning transaction
Authors: O'Meara John
Published: October 2022

Oorsig word gegee van die ervaring aan die nagraadse bestuurskool van die Universiteit van die Witwatersrand, met die gebruik van klein groepe of "sindikate" as 'n onderrighulpmiddel. Uit die literatuur is daar verskeie aanduidings dat groepsbetrokkenheid 'n belangrike rol in die mens se lewe speel, nie net in sy voortbestaan en sosialisering nie, maar ook in sy leerproses en in sy werksituasie. Veral in die moderne sakebestuur is groepsamewerking ook van groot belang, en dit het gevolglik ook algemene gebruik by bedryfsko/e geword om groepleerervaring en groepprestasie in die onderrig- en ontwikkelingsproses in to skakel. Die ervaring met die groepleerproses in drie programme van die betrokke bestuurskool word hier uiteengesit, met aandag aan ontwikkeling oor tyd, die doel en waarde van studiegroepe, samestelling van groepe, opleiding vir groepwerk, en die verskeidenheid van probleme wat ondervind word. Met die oog op die duidelike waarde van groepwerk word die moontlikheid genoem dat groeponderrig nie eers op nagraadse vlak ingevoer word nie, maar reeds op skool en op voorgraadse vlak nuttig kan wees, veral in die lig daarvan dat mense in die werklike lewe in groepe moet saamwerk.
Lineêre Programmerings- en gemengde Heeltal-Programmeringsmodelle vir die evaluasie van kapitaalbelegging in 'n onderneming met net een afdeling: Deel 1
Authors: Conradie F. H.D. , Van den Berg P. H.
Published: October 2022

The aim of this article is to introduce the reader to linear programming and mixed integer programming techniques in the evaluation of capital investments.A general model for a one-division organization is formulated and discussed in full. This model takes into account 9 types of restrictions and provision is made for the use of long-term financing in addition to the use of any short-term financing as reported in the literature to date. The provision for the use of long-term financing is a new development.
The risk of gastric cancer according to changes in smoking status among Korean men
Authors: Park Sung Keun , Kim Min-Ho , Oh Chang-Mo , Ha Eunhee , Yang Eun Hye , Hwang Woo Yeon , You Ann Hee , Ryoo Jae-Hong
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES: Smoking is a risk factor for gastric cancer. Studies have shown that the risk of gastric cancer can vary by smoking status and smoking amount at a single point in time. However, few data have been reported about the effect of changes in smoking status over time on the risk of gastric cancer.METHODS: This study collected data from the National Health Insurance Corporation in Korea on 97,700 Korean men without gastric cancer who underwent health check-ups from 2002 to 2013. The smoking status (never smoked, quit smoking, and currently smoking) of study participants was assessed in 2003-2004 and 2009, and the results were categorized into 7 groups: never-never, never-quit, never-current, quit-quit, quit-current, current-quit, and current-current. Participants were followed until 2013 to identify incident gastric cancer. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident gastric cancer according to changes in smoking status and smoking amount (pack-years).RESULTS: Compared with group 1 (never-never), participants currently smoking in 2009 (never-current, quit-current, and current-current) had higher HRs for gastric cancer (never-quit: 1.077; 95% CI, 0.887 to 1.306, never-current: 1.347; 95% CI, 0.983 to1.846, quit-quit: 1.086; 95% CI, 0.863 to 1.366, quit-current: 1.538; 95% CI, 1.042 to 2.269, current-quit: 1.339; 95% CI, 1.077 to 1.666, and current-current: 1.589; 95% CI, 1.355 to 1.864, respectively). The risk for gastric cancer was highest in heavy smokers, followed by moderate smokers.CONCLUSIONS: In all categories of smoking status, current smoking was associated with the highest risk of gastric cancer. Heavy smoking was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer, even in former smokers.
Education Delivery in Higher Learning Institutions during the Times of Covid-19: A Case Study of the Great Zimbabwe University
Authors: Dumizulu Manungo Rodgers
Published: October 2022

This study examined the pedagogic or teaching and learning experiences of institutions of higher learning during the COVID-19 period, with particular emphasis on the Great Zimbabwe University in Zimbabwe. The study was guided by the case study research design. The study involved 37 students and 13 lecturers. Results showed that some respondents missed part of their lectures and submission of assignments some were apprehensive about missing their graduation while others struggled to pay the tuition. Further, it was revealed that while the WhatsApp platform proved cheapest and most popular amongst students and lecturers, a number of challenges were faced, including lack of orientation on the adopted learning platforms, unpredictable power supply and garget breakdowns which might have affected student grades. Results also showed that GZU provided limited data bundles, masks and sanitizers to lecturers during COVID-19. The recommendations of the study include the establishment on an institutional policy that addresses and curbs the negative impact of emergency periods. It is further recommended that loans, bursaries and scholarships be introduced. The study finally recommends that there be a concerted effort of stakeholders towards ensuring adequate provision of resources to curb the impact of lockdowns and other emergencies.
Only one vulture was detected during transect surveys in northern Nigeria.
Authors: Ringim Abubakar S. , Ivande Samuel T. , Muhammad Sulaiman I. , Apeverga Paul T. , Hanson Jr. Harry
Published: October 2022

Vulture and raptor populations have declined across West Africa during recent decades due to numerous and widespread anthropogenic threats. To estimate encounter rates of vultures and raptors in northern Nigeria, we conducted a total of 248 km driven transects on 195 km and 53 km of paved and unpaved roads, respectively. We also conducted walked surveys beneath 79 km of power transmission lines to search for dead vultures and raptors; and visited 12 abattoirs, 11 slaughterhouses, and 12 dumpsites to assess the occurrence of vultures and raptors. All fieldwork was done between October and December 2018. Overall, 357 individuals of 23 species were detected, most of which were recorded at low encounter rates. Only one Hooded Vulture Necrosyrtes monachus was recorded across all surveys, and no other vulture species were seen. Yellow-billed Kite Milvus aegyptius, Grasshopper Buzzard Butastur rufipennis, and Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus had the highest encounter rates of 0.351, 0.262, and 0.189 individuals km-1, respectively. In contrast, the largest raptor species, Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus, Short-toed Snake Eagle Circaetus gallicus, Beaudouin's Snake-eagle, and Bateleur Terathopius ecaudatus had the lowest encounter rate of 0.004 individuals km-1 (one individual each). No dead vultures or raptors were found during the walked surveys beneath power lines. Although historical data about vulture and raptor distribution and abundance in northern Nigeria are limited, our results show an apparent absence of vultures from the wider landscape and a low density of raptors. Support among local stakeholders for the conservation of vultures and raptors should be encouraged through wider dissemination of information about the importance of these birds, as well as stronger deterrents again illegal killing and trade.
Nocturnal activity of Griffon Vultures at a feeding site in Kresna Gorge, Bulgaria.
Authors: Peshev Hristo , Mitrevichin Emanuil , Grozdanov Atanas , Stoynov Emilian
Published: October 2022

Over the last few decades new technologies have made it easier to observe the nocturnal behaviour of raptors and vultures. Yet, few cases of nocturnal feeding of vultures have been documented. The purpose of this study is to provide information about the nocturnal feeding of the Griffon Vulture in Kresna Gorge, Bulgaria. Sixteen cases of nocturnal feeding were observed in the period 2012–2022. The vultures spent a mean of 133.50 ± 195.35 (range 1.00–568.00) minutes on the ground between 19h02 and 07h00. The mean duration of the feeding was 12.00 ± 11.85 (range 1.00–39.00) minutes. Red Foxes, Golden Jackals, and Grey Wolves were also recorded at the feeding site during the study period. Only Red Foxes were observed feeding at the same time as vultures.
Application of the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma and Evolutionary Game Theory in Siting Nuclear Power Plants in South Korea
Authors: Kim Young
Published: October 2022

The quality of an urban living environment largely depends on the planning and development of public facilities, which are often halted or delayed due to the NIMBY (not in my backyard) phenomenon. In such facilities, environmental costs are borne solely by the residents of proximity to the facility, while public goods/services produced by the facility are reaped equally by residents across the greater region, which in turn presents a complex dynamic of public and self-interest. This paper uses repeated games and evolutionary game theory to identify the optimal negotiation strategy for the government when siting nuclear power plant facilities in South Korea. This study simulated a tournament containing 36 selected iterated prisoner's dilemma strategies and considered factors including mean payoff values, payoff matrices, and Axelrod's Ecological Variant to deduce an optimal strategy. The results showed that AON2, a memory-2 strategy of direct reciprocity, would provide the most stable and high return negotiations.
La última guerra del Siglo de las Luces. Revolución Liberal y republicanismo popular en Ecuador
Authors: Coronel Valeria
Published: October 2022

Valeria Coronel plasma en este libro el hervidero político que germinó en Ecuador tras el triunfo de la Revolución Liberal encabezada por Eloy Alfaro. Aborda cómo se configuraron las distintas fuerzas sociales en la estela de la campaña revolucionaria, así como los discursos y estrategias con que defendieron sus intereses durante el establecimiento del Estado liberal, cuando este proyecto pasó de las armas a la construcción de hegemonía. La autora recrea el clima político de aquellos años, marcado por las promesas liberales de mayor participación y cumplimiento de derechos para la población. En este escenario se dispararon las tensiones en el interior del liberalismo radical, entonces gobernante, pues dicha tendencia cobijaba tanto a sectores de las élites cuanto a colectivos populares de todo el país. Dos temas se destacan en este libro: el programa jurídico liberal y la acción política del campesinado, de las organizaciones indígeas y de un sector popular urbano que demandaban acceso a la tierra, participación efectiva y mejores condiciones de vida. Valeria Coronel sostiene que en este lapso vertiginoso cobra forma el republicanismo popular, categoría que desarrolla en esta obra con potentes argumentos.
NEURAL NETWORK MODELING OF RELAY PROTECTION WITH A TIME DELAY
Authors: Ivanov Sergey O. , Nikandrov Maxim V. , Slavutskii Leonid A.
Published: October 2022

Modern electric power facilities – stations and high-voltage substations – have become digital objects with the active use of high-speed local networks directly involved in the technological process. Management, analysis and control of information exchange in the digital substation of the power system require the development of new means and approaches. For these purposes, machine learning methods can be used, in particular the apparatus of artificial neural networks (ANN). The paper shows the possibilities of using direct propagation ANNs (multilayer perceptrons) for modeling and identifying anomalies in the operation modes of relay protection with a time delay. The results of training and testing of the ANN are presented on the example of analyzing the operation of the over current protection in the “sliding time window” mode in a three-phase electrical network. The proposed neuroalgorithm and configuration of the ANN can be used to control the modes and accuracy of relay and cybernetic defenses.
MODAL TRANSFORM FEATURES OF CABLE LINE ELECTRICAL VALUES IN A TRAVELING WAVE FAULT LOCATOR
Authors: Semenova Anastasia G. , Fedorov Aleksey O. , Petrov Vladimir S. , Dmitrenko Aleksandr M.
Published: October 2022

It is known that during a short circuit on an overhead line, the traveling waves in the phases contain components of two aerial and one ground modes. Due to the different propagation velocity along the line of these components at the locator installation place they arrive at different times. This leads to the fact that the traveling wave front in the phases becomes less pronounced, and, consequently, the accuracy of determining their arrival time and accuracy of the fault location decrease. To divide the phase values ​​of an overhead line into independent components of modes, invariant transformations – Clark transformation, Karrenbauer transformation, or Wedepohl transformation – are used. However, these transformations in their classical form cannot be applied to the electrical values of a cable line, since its design differs from that of an overhead power line. The purpose of the article is to illustrate the use of modal transformation on a cable line. As a result of the study, the following conclusions were obtained: currents in the cable line cores do not affect each other, therefore, in the wave fault locator that measures current waves, it is necessary to use directly the phase currents of the cores without modal transformation; if the wave fault locator measures the currents or voltages of the cable screens, the modal transformation should be performed, and it must be taken into account that the three modes formed by the screens are similar to the three modes of the overhead line; if a power transformer is adjacent to the cable line, the current traveling waves in the cores will be completely reflected from the measurement place, in this case in the wave fault locator it is necessary to use voltage traveling waves in the mode between the core and the screen of each cable of the three-phase group.
TRACTION MOTOR FOR FRONT LOADER CHASSIS
Authors: Sidorov Mikhail Yu. , Kalinin Aleksey G. , Bakshaev Vladimir A. , Gorshkov Evgeny L. , Gorshkov Evgeny E.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the work is the import substitution of traction electric drives as part of the project to create in the Chuvash Republic a serial production of a family of front loaders with a hybrid electric drive.

For most transport electric motors, operation in the high-torque electric motor mode is not the main operating mode, since the vehicle acceleration is carried out in a short time with overcoming low-efficiency low-speed modes. A distinctive feature of the traction motor for the chassis of a front loader is the rearrangement of priorities in favor of operating technological modes.

The analytical results of the stage of the preliminary design of the traction electric motor of each wheel for a front loader with a hybrid electric transmission are presented. Based on the results of calculations, it was found that for the given traction-dynamic, temperature and overall characteristics, the most efficient type of engine is NdFeB magnet motor, the phase ratio is 6, the magnetic system is radial with magnetic supports, the non-magnetic gap is 3 mm, the shroud is based on a carbon filament, cooling is forced liquid, the highest efficiency of 92% falls on the cycle of heavy operating modes of the front loader. The cost of manufacturing a motor with an axial magnetic system is higher compared to cylindrical type motors provided the electromagnetic power is equal.

The choice of a magnetic system based on the ratio of magnetic fluxes of different combinations of rotor poles and stator teeth is substantiated. The materials of the article illustrate diagrams of magnetic fields and temperature distribution of the traction motor, calculated at the stage of preliminary design by the finite element method, as well as a dimensional drawing of a sketch of an electric motor for given performance characteristics, transferred to the stage of technical design.
FISCAL EFFICIENCY OF PAYMENT FOR NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Authors: Malysheva Oksana V. , Arkadeva Olga G.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to supplement the theoretical justification for the concept of fiscal environmental reform by studying payment for negative environmental impact as a revenue part of the state budget. The article considers the current system of environmental taxes, fees and payments in advanced foreign countries and in the Russian Federation; it analyzes budget revenues from environmental taxes as well. It is noted that in many developed countries the tax burden tends to shift from "labor" taxes to "environmental" ones. The main method of research is structural and dynamic analysis. In order to increase the budget revenues, the possibility of introducing the concept of "environmental tax" into the tax system of Russia is being considered, taking into account the successful experience of foreign countries. An increase in the amount of revenues from environmental taxes, fees and payments in order to achieve a sustainable fiscal policy does not guarantee an improvement in the country's environmental situation. That is why the article raises the problem of compatibility between the fiscal efficiency of environmental fees for negative environmental impact and the mechanism of natural environment restoration, i.e. the designated purpose of spending incoming funds. A compromise between the state's revenue generation and the usefulness of environmental taxes for nature is possible. It should be taken as a postulate that the effectiveness of the payment for the negative environmental impact as a tax will be achieved only if it is linked to the costs of environmental protection. All together – replacement of the payment for negative environmental impact by an environmental tax and "colored" income – will make it possible not only to increase budget revenues, but also to implement the state environmental policy at a high level, one of the goals of which is to finance measures to preserve and restore the environment.
PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF TERRORIST IDEOLOGY IN THE RUSSIAN PUBLIC CONSCIOUSNESS
Authors: Rozenko Stanislav V.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the problem of developing terrorist ideology prevention in the public consciousness in the Russian Federation with the help of non-traditional means of countering the spread of terrorist ideology. The research methods were: critical analysis, historical and legal, content analysis, systemic, sociological, comparative legal ones. The content and features of new terrorist ideologies prevention in the public consciousness in the Russian Federation are analyzed. On a separate basis, the public danger of terrorist threats from Ukraine is noted. It is substantiated that the means of criminal and administrative legal counteraction to terrorist activities used by the state need to be supplemented by public influence. The article presents the tasks that are solved by ideologists and organizers of terrorist activities through the use of the Internet as a technological tool for disseminating destructive information. The features of preventing in the public consciousness the consequences of implementing the terrorist threat created and functioning with the support of individual states are revealed. The author substantiates the need to create and develop a "laughing culture" in the Russian public consciousness as a means of anti-terrorist prevention. The article suggests the need to form mechanisms of "laughter protection" from terrorist activities in the public consciousness.
PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF A TRADE AGGREGATOR AS A DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM
Authors: Timofeeva Tatiana F. , Timofeev Viktor V.
Published: October 2022

The study of the features of a trading aggregator is a relatively new direction in legal science. The article discusses the concept, principles and participants of a trade aggregator as a kind of digital technology platform in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the topic is due to scientific and practical interest in the problem of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of legal regulation, the quality of regulatory legal acts. The lack of a federal legal framework and uniform approaches to terminology in this area significantly hamper the development of legal regulation and create difficulties in the field of practical activities to protect the rights and interests of consumers. The purpose of the study is to determine the further directions of its development based on the analysis of scientific materials affecting various aspects of the trade aggregator, federal regulatory legal acts. Methodological tools are selected taking into account the goals and objectives of the study. The methodological basis was a complex of general scientific, private scientific and private legal research methods: dialectical approach, systemic, logical methods, formal legal, comparative legal and other methods of scientific knowledge. The authors come to the conclusion about the need for more conceptual normative transformations. The results of the work can be used both in studying issues related to the concept, essence and features of a trade aggregator in the digital services market in the Russian Federation, and in developing proposals for improving legal regulation in this area. The concept and principles of a trade aggregator require clarification. It is necessary to understand the legal capacity and capacity of various participants in the trade aggregator in order to avoid violating the rights and interests of consumers, suppliers and other participants in today's digital environment.
Creatine phosphate preconditioning reduces ischemiareperfusion injury in isolated rat heart
Authors: Gadjieva L. A. , Bolevich S. B. , Jakovlevich V. , Omarov I. A. , Ordashev H. A. , Kartashova M. K.
Published: October 2022

Aim. To study the effect of simultaneous administration of creatine phosphate immediately before ischemia on cardiodynamic parameters and biomarkers of oxidative stress in the coronary venous blood flow during retrograde perfusion in an isolated rat heart.Materials and methods. 20 Wistar albino rats were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (control) and group 2 (experimental), 10 rats per group. Cannulation and retrograde perfusion of aorta of an isolated rat heart with Krebs–Henseleit buffered solution by Landendorff was performed. Both groups underwent ischemia-reperfusion injury, which included global ischemia for 20 minutes followed by reperfusion for 30 minutes. The group 2 (experimental) was preconditioned with creatine phosphate at a dose of 0.2 mmol/l for 5 min before ischemia. We registered cardiodynamic parameters and indicators of oxidative stress at the point of stabilization, at the 1st and 30th minutes of reperfusion.Results. With the impact of creatine phosphate at the 30th minute of reperfusion in the group 2 in comparison with group 1, there was found an increase in the maximum and minimum speed of pressure elevation in the left ventricle (1.7 and 1.9 times, respectively), and of systolic and diastolic pressure in the left ventricle (1.5 and 1.6 times, respectively). Biomarkers of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation index, nitrites, superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide) were also statistically significantly lower in the group 2 after the 1st minute of reperfusion (by 1.2 times, by 1.4 times, by 2.8 times and 1.9 times, respectively), and after the 30th minute (1.3 times, 2.1 times, 1.9 times and 2.1 times, respectively).Conclusion. The administration of creatine phosphate into the coronary flow 5 minutes before the onset of ischemia has a protective effect on myocardial contractility. Reduction of oxidative stress and damage can be considered as a protective effect of creatine phosphate.
Erratum for the article “Radical surgery for complicated cholelithiasis in elderly patients: three clinical cases”
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: October 2022

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Agroecological characterization of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) crop
production system in Arauquita, Colombia
Authors: Bohórquez-Rivera Víctor , Cancino-Susan Elsa , Quevedo-García Enrique
Published: October 2022

The Sacha Inchi or Inca peanut (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) is an oily plant native to the Amazon, consumed by indigenous people since ancient times and recognized for its great contribution of essential fatty acids, antioxidants and proteins, being potentially attractive as a legal agricultural alternative for the reincorporation of insurgent groups. The objective of the research was to characterize the productive system of Sacha Inchi in the municipality of Arauquita, Colombia. Fifty farmers were selected (40 peasants and 10 ex-combatants of the FARC-EP), using an intentional non-probabilistic sampling. The information was collected through a questionnaire and two participatory workshops aimed at identifying limitations and potentialities of the agroecological and productive system. Data were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate statistics. The classification analysis allowed partitioning the set of farmers, based on socioeconomic and environmental characteristics necessary to guide extension plans. The results showed that the most used agroecological practices are: soil conservation, application of lime, use of compost as fertilizer, use of certified seed and direct sowing. Low crop rotation and limited use of phytosanitary products were evidenced. The participatory workshops made it possible to identify crop limitations such as low productivity, few marketing channels and lack of knowledge of some agroecological techniques necessary to improve its productivity. Agroecological practices must be reinforced and expanded through extension programs to achieve recognition as agroecological producers, since this crop is a highly viable alternative for the municipality of Arauquita, within the framework of the peace agreement.
ANÁLISIS DEL DISCURSO POLÍTICO A LA LUZ DE LAS PRINCIPALES TEORÍAS DE LAS RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES (PERIODO 1998-2018)
Authors: Camila Mora Charry María , David Arrieta Avilés Julián , Andrés Visbal Trujillo Oscar , Cardozo Villalba Moisés , Daniela Peña Diaz Dayanna , Ledezma Meneses Amanda
Published: October 2022

RESUMEN

El artículo realiza análisis al contenido del discurso político de los mandatarios colombianos elegidos desde 1998 hasta 2018, de acuerdo con los planteamientos de la Teoría Realista, Idealista e Interdependencia de las Relaciones Internacionales: Andrés Pastrana (1998-2002), Álvaro Uribe Vélez (2002-2006,2006-2010) y Juan Manuel Santos (2010-2014, 2014-2018). Así, usa revisión bibliográfica de método analítico-deductivo y de tipo interpretativo o hermenéutico en metodología, con fuentes entre los discursos, publicaciones periodísticas al respecto, además de investigaciones en este mismo sentido, estructuradas en una ficha de acopio informativo, conjunto que pasa a una matriz analítica soportada en las categorías de análisis fijadas. Los hallazgos del periodo de Pastrana encuadran dentro de la teoría realista que buscó la paz y preservó la relación de dominación y asimetría desde EEUU; en el caso de Uribe, los dos periodos igualmente marcados por la teoría realista, caracterizada por una seguridad democrática soportada en el ejército, pero con grandes violaciones de los derechos humanos, continuidad de la política de alianza con EEUU y rupturas diplomáticas con otros países entre atribuciones de ayuda a la guerrilla. El último análisis corresponde a Santos más dentro de la política de interdependencia, buscó y logró acuerdo de paz con mediación internacional, restableció vínculos diplomáticos y buscó soluciones ante las dificultades con países vecinos. Finalmente, en cuanto a los actores internacionales: Cada presidente fue notoriamente aliado de EEUU, mientras que la UE fluctúa según el manejo dado por los periodos Uribe y Santos, así mismo los países latinoamericanos en los tres periodos analizados.
Editorial
Authors: De Siqueira Campos Coelho Alexandre , De Oliveira Xavier Lídia , Soares Eneias Miria
Published: October 2022

O trigésimo segundo número da revista Hegemonia é composto por seis artigos com resultados de pesquisas empíricas e teóricas atuais, todas com ênfase interdisciplinar.
DIVERSITY OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS IN THE IRAQI SONG
Authors: ALSUDANI Mustafa Abbas Ali
Published: October 2022

Musical instruments have an important role in the performance of melodies associated with the lyrical text or purely musical compositions. Thousands of years ago, musical instruments went through stages of development that included their manufacture or the way they were played, in order to reach new tone-colors that mimic the reality and ambition of artists and the public on their various orientations in times and successive civilizations. Arabic and Iraqi music has an active role in the development of musical instruments since the civilization of Mesopotamia. The Iraqi song accompanied the various segments of Iraqi society and honestly expressed the various political, social and other conditions that passed in this country. And the musical instruments had an indispensable role in producing songs, and the traditional Arabic musical instruments such as the Qanoon, the Oud and the Nai had the most prominent role in the types of musical instruments used, despite the opening up to Western musical instruments, in line with the development of the musical form of the Iraqi song. The research included a study on the history of singing and traditional Arab and Iraqi musical instruments and a brief explanation of them. The research included a study on the history of singing and traditional Arabic and Iraqi musical instruments and a brief explanation of them, and the second topic was on the development of the musical form of Iraqi song and Western musical instruments in it. Then the researcher collected thirteen models representing the Iraqi songs within the period of the research limits and set a special analytical method whose parts included identifying the names of the musical instruments used, their classification, scheme of performance, their origins and finally the musical form of the model. The expansion of the Iraqi song form imposed the use of new musical instruments with non-consumable tone- colors, and the way these new instruments performed the synergy of traditional Arab instruments in presenting the song in line with the development of musical and lyrical art and in line with the trends of Iraqi artists. All Western and traditional musical instruments participated in group playing, and Eastern instruments had a large part in the performance of solo playing, in addition to some other Western instruments.
Managerial Competency of Primary Healthcare Facility Managers in the Selected District Councils in Tanzania
Authors: Kingu Ukende Apollo , Ismail Ismail J. , Kibusi Stephen M.
Published: October 2022

Understanding the managerial competency of healthcare managers is very important. However, limited evidence exists on the managerial competency of primary healthcare facility managers in low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of this research was to examine the managerial competency of primary healthcare facility managers in the selected District Councils in Tanzania. This research is grounded on positivism philosophy, a cross-sectional survey descriptive research design, a complete enumeration sampling strategy and a survey used to collect primary data from 102 public primary healthcare facility managers located in Kondoa, Iramba and Sumbawanga District Councils in Tanzania. To examine the managerial competency of primary healthcare facility managers, the study adapted the MCAP framework and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 used to analyze the data. For the communication and relationship management domain, 74.5% were competent, while 25.5% were less than fully competent. Likewise, 65.68% of them were competent, while 34.32% were less than competent in the knowledge of the healthcare environment domain. Equally, 62.74% and 37.26% of the primary healthcare facility managers were competent and less than competent, respectively, in operations, administration and resources management domains. Correspondingly, 67.65% and 32.35% of the primary healthcare facility managers were competent and less than competent, respectively, in evidence-informed decision-making. On the same token, 74.55% and 25.45% were competent and less than competent, respectively, in enabling and managing change. The study used primary data and contributed recently well-worth and highly demanded knowledge on the managerial competency of healthcare managers in the LMICs.
Agroecología e Historia Agraria. Una hibridación necesaria.
Authors: González de Molina Manuel
Published: October 2022

La historiografía viene sufriendo una aguda crisis de identidad motivada tanto por la obsolescencia de los supuestos epistemológicos, axiológicos y de las propias metateorías en las que ha basado su quehacer, como por el cambio en la función social del discurso histórico y del sujeto que lo elabora. Las grandes certezas de la modernidad y los relatos construidos durante décadas para legitimarlas han dado paso a las incertidumbres del presente y del futuro más inmediato, dejando los relatos sobre el pasado sin la necesaria conexión con el presente.
El bosque de Gipuzkoa entre los siglos XVIII y XX: deforestación y cambio de especies
Authors: Berriochoa Azcárate Pedro
Published: October 2022

Gipuzkoa es una región vasca con una topografía abrupta, propicia por sus condiciones naturales para el desarrollo de un bosque natural exuberante, mayormente de tipo caducifolio. El proceso de construcción de caseríos (baserriak), que se inicia a fines de la Edad Media, supuso toda una colonización del monte y de su bosque. La revolución del maíz de los siglos XVII y XVIII llevó esta expansión agrícola a cotas anteriormente silvícolas. La desamortización de los comunales municipales de fines del siglo XVIII y de principios del XIX condujo a la erección de caseríos en lugares insospechados. La orientación ganadera del caserío del siglo XIX y XX intensificó la deforestación. Campos de labor, pastizales y bosques libraron una lucha encarnizada. Al mismo tiempo se produjeron epidemias terribles como la tinta del castaño y el oídio del roble. Centenares de miles de árboles de estas especies perecieron bien naturalmente,  bien por su tala sistemática. A principios del siglo XX aparecieron nuevas especies forestales: la pinus radiata fue la que se convirtió en hegemónica. Las especies arbóreas, el sotobosque y el paisaje con sus colores se trasformaron radicalmente.
Un nuevo paradigma en la producción forestal Argentina. De la explotación y crisis del bosque nativo a la implantación masiva (1960-2000)
Authors: Zarrilli Adrián
Published: October 2022

La República Argentina cuenta actualmente con aproximadamente 33.2 millones de hectáreas de Bosques Nativos y 1.2 millones de hectáreas de Bosques Cultivados, representados principalmente por especies exóticas de rápido crecimiento. Las inversiones nacionales y extranjeras, que recibió el sector en la última década, han permitido aumentar tanto la producción para el mercado interno, como las exportaciones de bienes con mayor valor agregado. En el 2008 las industrias de pasta y papel, tableros, laminados e impregnación realizaron inversiones por 86,920 millones de dólares, correspondiendo a la industria de la pasta y papel el 78% del total invertido, seguido por la industria de tableros con un 21%.
Para un desarrollo competitivo y multiplicador del empleo del sector forestoindustrial es fundamental, además de la existencia de bosques bien manejados, la realización de inversiones en la industria de la madera y sus manufacturas; en la industria de la celulosa y el papel; en transporte y en servicios múltiples. Pero también, se debe invertir en sistemas de información, en capacitación, en tecnología y en su transferencia, especialmente destinadas a las PyMES forestales e industriales.
Orientación vocacional universitaria de los hijos e hijas de productores agropecuarios en el sur de Santa Fe.
Authors: Urcola Marcos
Published: October 2022

Desde la década del `60 se percibe un crecimiento acelerado de la producción del agro pampeano argentino con un paralelo desarrollo tecnológico que produjo, a su vez, transformaciones en las expectativas, condiciones y posibilidades laborales de los productores agropecuarios, así como también de sus relaciones y formas de vida familiar. El acceso a mayores niveles educativos de los hijos de estos productores, como consecuencia de la menor necesidad de mano de obra en forma permanente en la explotación, el crecimiento económico y el aumento del tiempo libre, son indicadores claros del nuevo perfil socio-productivo de las familias agrícolas de la región. En este artículo se analizan los datos sobre las elecciones vocacionales universitarias de los hijos e hijas de los productores agropecuarios del sur de la provincia de Santa Fe. Concretamente, se presentan datos cuantitativos sobre la inscripción de dichos jóvenes a las carreras que ofrece la Universidad Nacional de Rosario en los años 2000 y 2011. Las orientaciones vocacionales de los hijos e hijas de estos productores nos informarán acerca de las valoraciones que estos alumnos y su entorno familia tienen sobre la educación como proyecto de vida y la tradición agropecuaria de origen.
Estrategia teórico-metodológica para abordar las percepciones sobre las transformaciones del cooperativismo agrario durante los dos primeros gobiernos peronistas (1946-55).
Authors: Tifni Evangelina
Published: October 2022

En el presente artículo presentamos una propuesta teórico-metodológica para el abordaje del estudio de las representaciones (sistema de esquemas de percepción y apreciación) de los cooperativistas del sur de la provincia de Santa Fe respecto a las transformaciones sucedidas en el cooperativismo pampeano en los dos primeros gobiernos del General Perón. En dicha propuesta se articulan la Sociología Histórica y la Historia Oral. A lo largo del artículo se pasa revista sobre los principales argumentos de la Sociología Histórica como campo híbrido de conocimiento así como también de la importancia y originalidad de la propuesta de la Historia Oral para el abordaje de dicha temática.
La mecanización agrícola en la crisis de balance de pagos del peronismo La apuesta trunca de IAME y su tractor Pampa
Authors: Raccanello Mario , Rougier Marcelo
Published: October 2022

Destacar las transformaciones producidas en el agro durante el peronismo (1946-1955) ocupa un lugar destacado en la historiografía especializada. No obstante, los estudios sobre la incorporación de maquinaria a las actividades rurales en el período son particularmente escasos y muchas de sus aristas continúan aún entre las sombras. Este artículo se propone estudiar las medidas oficiales tendientes a suplir la falta de equipos para el agro, producto de la descapitalización de años anteriores. Esta política fue particularmente importante luego de la crisis del sector externo en 1949-1952, la que dio lugar a la creación de una nueva empresa estatal (Industrias Aeronáuticas y Mecánicas del Estado), que entre otras tareas se propuso la fabricación de tractores. Específicamente, hacemos foco en las particularidades de ese proyecto y su articulación con las políticas económicas tendientes a solucionar la falta de divisas (Segundo Plan Quinquenal y Ley de Inversiones Extranjeras). Finalmente, se pasa revista a la relación establecida entre IAME y la principal empresa de aquellas que se radicaron en la rama del tractor antes de la caída del gobierno en 1955.