bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESAIN ERGONOMI RUANG FILLING BERKAS REKAM MEDIS RAWAT JALAN DI RSUD Dr. M.M DUNDA LIMBOTO
Authors: LILIS HANDAYANI , Ayudhita Cahyani Daud
Published: February 2024

Luas ruang filling berkas rekam medis rawat jalan di RSUD Dr. M.M Dunda Limboto terbilang sempit dengan ukuran 12,77 m x 1,9 m dari jumlah keseluruhan ruangan 11,85 m x 12,77 cm dan jarak antar rak yaitu 72 cm sehingga belum memenuhi standar Depkes (2006) yaitu 90 cm. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendesain ergonomi ruang filling berkas rekam medis rawat jalan di RSUD Dr. M.M Dunda Limboto. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Lokasi pada penelitian ini bertempat di RSUD Dr. M.M Dunda Limboto. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 7 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain rak, meja, kursi di RSUD Dr. M.M Dunda Limboto belum ergonomis. Luas ruangan yang dibutuhkan berdasarkan kebutuhan rak adalah 61 m². Kebutuhan sarana dan prasarana di ruang filling berkas rekam medis rawat jalan di RSUD Dr. M.m Dunda Limboto yaitu meja dan kursi ergonomi, rak baru sebanyak 16 buah, Air Conditioner (AC) sebanyak 4 buah, dan lampu sebanyak 7 buah. Kondisi lingkungan fisik untuk suhu yaitu 29ºC sehingga belum memenuhi standar Permenkes (2019) yaitu 20ºC-28ºC dan pencahayaan yaitu 37 lux sehingga belum memenuhi standar Permenkes (2019) yaitu 100 lux. Saran dari penelitian ini perlu pengadaan alat hygrometer untuk memberikan informasi temperatur
Let Us Build a MQTT Pub-Sub Client In C# For IoT Research
Authors: Chakraborty Sudip , Aithal P. S.
Published: February 2024

Purpose: MQTT stands for Message Queuing Telemetry Transport. It is a lightweight protocol specifically designed for IoT applications. Nowadays, most IoT projects exchange sensor data over the MQTT protocol. It is simple to integrate and can run on low hardware resources. To test MQTT, the researcher needs MQTT publisher subscriber client software. There are several free and paid software available on the web. But sometimes, researchers need some custom interface or functionality not available in the free version. The paid version demands vast amounts of money for customization. Occasionally, they want to avoid customization for specific projects. Here, we provide a procedure to create our MQTT pub-sub client software interface, which the researcher can easily customize. The project is available to download.
Methodology/Approach: We installed Microsoft Visual Studio in our working system. Using C# language, we create a GUI (graphical user interface). Inside the GUI, we segregate the info into two. The left is for publishing clients, and the right is for subscribing clients. We installed the M2MQTT package using the NuGet package manager to communicate with the MQTT broker.
Findings/Result: Using our built application, we test to exchange the sensor data between two clients. We found the data exchanged in almost real-time. In a couple of scenarios, we observed that the data propagation could have been faster when we set the update interval below 500 milliseconds. There may be a network delay, or the MQTT broker we used is a free service. It may be the limited capacity of the accessible mode of the server we used. If the application is not time-critical, we can utilize this communication route to exchange the sensor data.
Originality/Value: Every day, new researchers are introduced to the IoT field and integrate MQTT into their projects. They feel one customizable software they can use according to their project requirements. So, using this project, the researcher can fulfill their need. The code is freely available on the web. And scope to customize. This project provides value to them.
Type of Paper: Experimental-based Research.
Masculinidades bajo la lupa
Authors: Arango-Lopera Carlos Andrés , Murcia Quiñones Harvey , Santofimio Luis
Published: February 2024

El estudio se sumerge en el contexto del problema de la masculinidad, un tema crucial en las ciencias sociales que ha cobrado una creciente relevancia en los últimos años debido a las transformaciones en las dinámicas de género y las relaciones sociales. La masculinidad se ha convertido en un área de investigación vital, ya que la comprensión de cómo se construye, se vive y se negocia puede arrojar luz sobre cuestiones fundamentales de la sociedad contemporánea. Para abordar este análisis, se aplicó una metodología de estado del arte que consistió en la revisión de artículos académicos seleccionados de diversas bases de datos. Estos artículos fueron evaluados y sintetizados para identificar tendencias, áreas de interés y desafíos comunes en la investigación de las masculinidades. Los resultados revelaron un crecimiento significativo en el interés por el tema de la masculinidad en las ciencias sociales. Este aumento en la atención académica sugiere una mayor conciencia de la importancia de comprender cómo las construcciones sociales de la masculinidad afectan a individuos y comunidades en diferentes contextos culturales y geográficos. Sin embargo, a pesar del crecimiento en la investigación, también se evidenciaron enormes dificultades para alcanzar consensos teóricos sólidos. Los enfoques conceptuales y metodológicos varían ampliamente, lo que dificulta la comparación y la síntesis de los hallazgos. Esta falta de claridad conceptual y la diversidad de perspectivas han limitado la capacidad de traducir la investigación sobre masculinidad en políticas públicas efectivas.
A Cultural History Of Death In The Modern Age
Authors: Davies Douglas J.
Published: February 2024

The medieval cultures of Europe (800-1450) produced novel cultural forms related to the human experience of death and dying that merit deep consideration. This volume contributes fresh interpretations and a new synthesis of perspectives on this dynamic cultural horizon informed by breakthrough work in a range of fields, including archaeology, art history, history, literature, and theology. The authors of individual chapters bring to their topics not just expertise in their given fields, but also a sense of major shifts in the way we study death, reflecting on the changing norms, attitudes, and values that drove people’s experience of this crucial last phase of life.

Pushing back against the tired cliches about death in pre-modern culture, the essays detail those features of death culture that persist through time and across cultures—like the preference for burial in churches and churchyards across Europe—while also marking the emergence of novel and distinctive practices and beliefs—like the evolution of Purgatory, with associated impacts on prayers for the dead. While attending to sharp differences between the medieval world and our own, the authors also note uncanny continuities with the present. The cumulative effect is to leave the reader with a profound sense of the cultural contribution of the medieval period to the moral obligation to take ownership of our own deaths, regardless of our belief system, and to honor our relationship to the dead, on whom our cultures are founded.
A Cultural History Of Death In The Renaissance
Authors: Raeburn Gordon D. , Warne Nathaniel A.
Published: February 2024

The movement from the Renaissance to the early modern period may have been one of the most tumultuous times in the history of the western world. Everything, sacred and profane, was up for grabs which meant attitudes and behaviors around death underwent a profound change. This book examines the period between 1450 and 1650, encompassing the Reformation and the Renaissance and the significant changes in theology, philosophy, and culture, as long-held scientific, moral, and philosophical presumptions were beginning to be questioned and scrutinized. Contributors to the volume explore how the conflicting ideas brought about by figures such as Martin Luther and Galileo, inventions such as the printing press, and the changing tides of religion and spiritual ideals of ‘the good death’ contributed to an evolving sense of what dying and death meant to people at the time.

Drawing upon a wealth of visual and textual sources, this volume presents essays that examine key tenets of death; Dead and Dying Bodes; The Sensory Aesthetics of Death; Emotions, Mortality and Vitality; Death’s Ritual-Symbolic Performance; Sites, Power and the Politics of Death; Gender, Age and Identity; Belief, Law and Ethics and the Undead and Eternal.
Food Culture in Germany
Authors: Heinzelmann Ursula
Published: February 2024

The grown-up Germany of today is able to explore its cultural identity, including its food culture. For some years now, German food has seen a return to regionalism, and beloved traditional dishes have been rediscovered and revived, counteracting to some extent the effects of globalization and industrialization. As well, a host of new culinary traditions brought in with new immigrants makes for an exciting food scene. Food Culture in Germany, written by a native Berliner, is destined to become a classic as the best source in English for a thorough and up-to-date understanding of Germans and their food–the history, foodstuffs, cooking, special occasions, lifestyle eating habits, and diet and health.

The Historical Overview chapter takes the reader on a culinary tour from ancient times through the Holy Roman Empire to the Lebensraum of Hitler and on to reunification of the two Germanys until today's return to normalcy. Chapter 2, Major Foods and Ingredients, highlights the classic German staples. Chapter 3, Cooking, discusses the family and gender dynamics plus cooking techniques and utensils, the German kitchen, and the professional chef as media figure phenomenon. The Typical Meals chapter gives an in-depth insider's look at how and what Germans eat today. Chapter 5, Eating Out, describes the wide range of opportunities for eating out, from grabbing Currywurst on the street, to lunching in office and school cafeterias, to meeting friends for coffee and cake at the Konditerei. German holidays and special occasions are elaborated on in the context of more secular and younger influences in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 covers the German diet and the strong interest in health in the country, with its holistic roots. Food safety, a big topic in Europe today, is also discussed at length. An introduction, chronology, glossary, resource guide, selected bibliography, and illustrations complete this outstanding resource.
Food Culture in the Caribbean
Authors: Houston Lynn M.
Published: February 2024

Food in the Caribbean reflects both the best and worst of the Caribbean's history. On the positive side, Caribbean culture has been compared with a popular stew there called callaloo. The stew analogy comes from the many different ethic groups peacefully maintaining their traditions and customs while blending together, creating a distinct new flavor. On the negative side, many foods and cooking techniques derive from a history of violent European conquest, the importation of slaves from Africa, and the indentured servitude of immigrants in the plantation system. Within this context, students and other readers will understand the diverse island societies and ethnicities through their food cultures. Some highlights include the discussion of the Caribbean concept of making do�using whatever is on hand or can be found�the unique fruits and starches, the one-pot meal, the technique of jerking meat, and the preference for cooking outdoors.

The Caribbean is known as the cradle of the Americas. The Columbian food exchange, which brought products from the Caribbean and the Americas to the rest of the world, transformed global food culture. Caribbean food culture has wider resonance to North, Central, and South America as well. The parallels in the food-related evolution in the Americas include the early indigenous foods and agriculture; the import and export of foods; the imported food culture of colonizers, settlers, and immigrants; the intricacies of defining an independent national food culture; the loss of the traditional agricultural system; the trade issues sparked by globalization; and the health crises prompted by the growing fast-food industry. This thorough overview of island food culture is an essential component in understanding the Caribbean past and present.
Aktionspolitik stößt an Grenzen
Authors: Schulz Hans-Jürgen , Lattmann Christian
Published: February 2024

Die Preisschere zwischen Marke und Eigenmarke geht weiter auseinander. Während Aldi und Lidl zahlreiche Eigenmarken verbilligen, werden Markenartikel tendenziell teurer. Insgesamt sind die Preise für Lebensmittel in Deutschland auf einem neuen Höchststand.
Ceconomy vertröstet Aktionäre auf 2026
Authors: Klug Denise , Brändlein Philip
Published: February 2024

Die Media-Markt-Mutter Ceconomy stellt den Aktionären die ersehnte Dividende, bessere Zahlen und einen steigenden Kurs in Aussicht. Sie müssen sich allerdings gedulden – dem Händler muss erst die Umsetzung seiner ambitionierten Strategie gelingen.
„Emotionen nicht im Griff“
Authors: Becker Sebastian
Published: February 2024

Warschau. Die Proteste der polnischen Landwirte zeigen Wirkung. Die Zollbehörden rechnen mit Wartezeiten an den Grenzen von bis zu siebeneinhalb Tagen. Entspannung ist kaum in Sicht.
Reaktionsstark
Authors: Deininger Olaf
Published: February 2024

Frankfurt a.M. Unsere Veröffentlichung „Abgang eines Sonnenkönigs“ in der vergangenen Woche über das Ausscheiden von Klaus Josef Lutz aus dem Aufsichtsrat der Baywa sowie über dessen Zeit als Vorstandsvorsitzender ist auf ein sehr breites Interesse gestoßen.
Nasse Nutzung von Mooren auf dem Weg zum Markt
Authors: Schultz Olaf
Published: February 2024

Frankfurt a.M. In Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern und Niedersachsen sind neue Modell- und Demonstrationsvorhaben gestartet. Im Fokus stehen Moorbodenschutz und die Verwertung des Aufwuchses.
ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ KIỂM SOÁT ĐƯỜNG THỞ CỦA MASK THANH QUẢN DẠ DÀY TRONG THỦ THUẬT NỘI SOI TIÊU HÓA TRÊN
Authors: Tống Đức Phúc , Phạm Quang Minh
Published: February 2024

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đánh giá hiệu quả kiểm soát đường thở của mask thanh quản dạ dày trong thủ thuật nội soi tiêu hóa trên.

 

 Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả, tiến cứu thực hiện trên 50 bệnh nhân được gây mê toàn thân với mask thanh quản dạ dày (LMA Gastro Airway) để nội soi đường tiêu hóa trên. Kết quả: Mức độ rò rỉ khí khi đặt mask thanh quản dạ dày dao động từ 4 – 6%. Áp lực đường thở ổn định, nằm trong giới hạn cho phép. Giá trị SpO2 dao động từ 98 – 100%, giá trị EtCO2 dao động từ 30 – 36mmHg. Kết luận: Mask thanh quản dạ dày kiểm soát đường thở tốt, đảm bảo thông khí an toàn và hiệu quả cho cho việc thực hiện thủ thuật.
PHÂN TÍCH THỰC TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG KHÁNG SINH TRONG DỰ PHÒNG PHẪU THUẬT TIM MẠCH TẠI TRUNG TÂM TIM MẠCH BỆNH VIỆN E NĂM 2022
Authors: Vũ Thị Thu Hương , Trần Thị Thu Thư , Bùi Thị Xuân
Published: February 2024

Mục tiêu: Phân tích thực trạng sử dụng thuốc kháng sinh tại Trung tâm Tim mạch Bệnh viện E năm 2022. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả nghiên cứu: Tỉ lệ người bệnh (NB) dùng kháng sinh trước phẫu thuật chiếm 22,9%. Kháng sinh được sử dụng trước phẫu thuật có lượt sử dụng nhiều nhất là Cefoperazon + sulbactam, chiếm 48,6%. Kháng sinh sử dụng nhiều nhất trước rạch da là Cefazolin chiếm tỉ lệ 72,9%. 100% NB trong mẫu nghiên cứu đều sử dụng kháng sinh trước rạch da bằng đường tiêm tĩnh mạch với liều không tuân theo Hướng dẫn. 100% người bệnh trong mẫu nghiên cứu được tiêm kháng sinh trước rạch da trong khoảng thời gian <120 phút. Các kháng sinh được sử dụng cho NB ngay sau đóng vết mổ và kéo dài >48h phổ biến nhất là Cefazolin, chiếm 36,9% tổng số lượt kê đơn, tiếp theo là Cefoperazon + sulbactam với tỉ lệ 35,9% tổng số lượt kê đơn. Trong 102 NB được sử dụng kháng sinh ngay sau đóng vết mổ và kéo dài >48h, có 61,8% số NB có thay đổi kháng sinh sau phẫu thuật. 57,6% NB trong mẫu nghiên cứu sử dụng thuốc kháng sinh sau phẫu thuật trong khoảng 7 – 14 ngày. Chỉ có 6 NB trong nhóm nghiên cứu dùng thuốc kháng sinh sau phẫu thuật nhiều hơn 28 ngày, chiếm 5,1%.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KHẢ NĂNG CẢNH BÁO VA CHẠM CỦA PHẦN MỀM LẬP KẾ HOẠCH XẠ PHẪU GAMMA KNIFE DỰA VÀO TỌA ĐỘ ĐIỂM CHIẾU XẠ VÀ ĐỘ DÀI CÁC THANH, VÍT CỐ ĐỊNH CỦA KHUNG ĐỊNH VỊ
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Hùng , Phan Thanh Dương , Lê Văn Tình , Nguyễn Thị Thơm
Published: February 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Hiện nay số bệnh nhân có bệnh lý về u não được điều trị bằng phương pháp xạ phẫu Gamma Knife ngày càng gia tăng. Trong đó nhiều trường hợp bệnh nhân có khối u ở thùy trán hay thùy chẩm hoặc cả hai sẽ gây khó khăn cho việc đặt khung định vị cho bệnh nhân vì có thể hệ thống lập kế hoạch xạ phẫu LGP sẽ cảnh báo va chạm khiến cho kế hoạch xạ phẫu sẽ phải điều chỉnh, thay đổi dẫn đến kết quả ngoài ý muốn. Trong bài báo cáo này, chúng tôi tiến hành thống kê, phân tích vị trí các khối u mà kê hoạch dễ xảy ra cảnh báo va chạm, cũng như xây dựng được tọa độ của các điểm chiếu xạ (shot) mà phần mềm lập kế hoạch cảnh báo va chạm ứng với kích thước các thanh và vít cố định của khung định vị. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu thống kê mô tả trên 79 bệnh nhân mà hệ thống LGP có cảnh báo va chạm từ tháng 11/2022 đến tháng 10/2023. Các bệnh nhân được lập kế hoạch xạ phẫu trên phần mềm máy tính, và sẽ được đặt khung định vị, sau đó chúng tôi tiến hành đo và nhập các chỉ số của khung trên đầu bệnh nhân vào phần mềm LGP, số đo của bốn thanh gồm: trước - trái, trước - phải, sau - trái, sau - phải và phần nhô ra của các vít cố định. Khi đó LGP sẽ đưa ra cảnh báo va chạm của các shot trong kế hoạch và các đối tượng bị va chạm. Kết quả: Trong số 79 kế hoạch có cảnh báo va chạm, có 10 trường hợp (12,7%) cảnh báo va chạm cả thanh phía trước và phía sau; và 69 ca (87,3%) cảnh báo 1 đối tượng (trước hoặc sau); Tổng số 214 shot có cảnh báo va chạm thì 166 shot ở vị trí thùy trán (77,6%) và 48 shot ở thùy chẩm (chiếm 22,4%). Tọa độ trung bình của shot va chạm với thanh AL là (73,05; 33,63; 96,13); với thanh AR là (123,55; 29,54; 96,22); với thanh PL là (73,67; 168,94; 83,08); với thanh PR là (133,53; 163,78; 78,69). Kết luận: Kết quả đã tìm ra được những vị trí của các ổ di căn não đặt điểm chiếu xạ dễ xảy ra va chạm. Nghiên cứu xây dựng lên các vùng tọa độ của shot mà có nguy cơ cảnh báo va chạm cao.
KHẢO SÁT CÁC BỆNH CẢNH LÂM SÀNG Y HỌC CỔ TRUYỀN TRÊN NGƯỜI BỆNH MẤT NGỦ KHÔNG THỰC TỔN HẬU COVID-19
Authors: Phạm Ngọc Xuân Nhi , Nguyễn Thị Bay , Nguyễn Ngô Lê Minh Anh
Published: February 2024

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát các bệnh cảnh lâm sàng Y học cổ truyền (YHCT) trên người bệnh mất ngủ không thực tổn hậu COVID-19 có hoặc không có bệnh nền kèm theo. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả trên 390 người bệnh được chẩn đoán mất ngủ không thực tổn hậu COVID-19 tại Bệnh viện YHCT TP. Hồ Chí Minh và Bệnh viện YHCT Long An từ tháng 12/2022 đến tháng 06/2023. Kết quả: Nữ giới chiếm tỷ lệ cao hơn nam giới. Độ tuổi trung bình tập trung ở nhóm trung niên. Nghề nghiệp chủ yếu ở nhóm lao động trí óc và hưu trí. Các bệnh cảnh lâm sàng YHCT phổ biến: Tâm Tỳ hư (31,28%), Tâm Thận bất giao (17,44%), Tâm huyết hư (11,79%), Tâm âm hư (11,28%). Tỷ lệ người bệnh có bệnh nền chiếm 2/3 tổng số người tham gia. Có mối liên quan giữa các bệnh cảnh lâm sàng YHCT phổ biến của mất ngủ hậu COVID-19 với các yếu tố bệnh nền như Tăng huyết áp, Đái tháo đường, Thoái hóa khớp, Rối loạn lipid máu (p<0,05).  Kết luận: Những bệnh cảnh lâm sàng YHCT của mất ngủ hậu COVID-19 phổ biến là Tâm Tỳ hư, Tâm Thận bất giao, Tâm âm hư và Tâm huyết hư. Hậu COVID-19 làm gia tăng tình trạng mất ngủ trên cả đối tượng có và không có bệnh đi kèm. Có mối tương quan giữa yếu tố bệnh nền và những bệnh cảnh lâm sàng chủ yếu.
MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA KÍCH THƯỚC U VỚI ĐẶC ĐIỂM MÔ BỆNH HỌC CỦA U HẮC TỐ ÁC TÍNH MÀNG BỒ ĐÀO
Authors: Lê Thị Huệ , Hoàng Anh Tuấn
Published: February 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm mô bệnh học và xác định mối liên quan giữa các đặc điểm mô bệnh học với kích thước u của u hắc tố ác tính (UHTAT) màng bồ đào. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 48 bệnh nhân UHTAT màng bồ đào được chẩn đoán và điều trị tại Bệnh viện Mắt Trung ương từ tháng 1/2019-tháng 9/2023. Kết quả: Trên 48 trường hợp UHTAT màng bồ đào, tỷ lệ u có kích thước vừa là 75%, kích thước lớn là 25%, không có trường hợp nào u có kích thước nhỏ. U có kích thước lớn liên quan tới hình dạng u, có tế bào dạng biểu mô và tình trạng xâm nhập màng Bruch (p<0,05); không thấy mối liên quan giữa kích thức u với các đặc điểm: xâm nhập mạch, xâm nhập thị thần kinh và xâm nhập ra ngoài nhãn cầu. Kết luận: Có mối liên quan giữa kích thước u và một số yếu tố tiên lượng xấu (hình dạng u, có tế bào dạng biểu mô và xâm nhập màng Bruch) trên u hắc tố ác tính màng bồ đào
ĐẶC ĐIỂM NỒNG ĐỘ ALBUMIN HUYẾT THANH TẠI THỜI ĐIỂM NHẬP VIỆN TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN SỐC NHIỄM KHUẨN
Authors: Đoàn Duy Thành , Bùi Thị Hương Giang , Nguyễn Tú Anh
Published: February 2024

Mục tiêu: Albumin là một protein trong huyết thanh đảm nhận nhiều vai trò quan trọng trong hoạt động sinh lý của cơ thể, nồng độ albumin huyết thanh có nhiều biến đổi phụ thuộc vào từng bệnh cảnh lâm sàng trong đó bệnh cảnh sốc nhiễm khuẩn với nhiều biến đổi mang hệ thống phức tạp, nghiên cứu này nhằm mô tả đặc điểm nồng độ albumin ở bệnh nhân sốc nhiễm khuẩn tại thời điểm nhập viện. Phương pháp: mô tả cắt ngang trên 200 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán sốc nhiễm khuẩn và điều trị tại Trung tâm Hồi sức tích cực Bệnh viện Bạch Mai trong thời gian từ tháng 08/2022 đến tháng 07/2023. Kết quả: Trong 200 bệnh nhân được chọn vào nghiên cứu, bệnh nhân nam chiếm 65,5%, bệnh nhân nữ chiếm 34,5%. Tuổi trung bình các bệnh nhân nghiên cứu là 58,27 ± 18,42 tuổi, lớn nhất là 91 tuổi, nhỏ nhất là 18 tuổi. Trong nghiên cứu, sốc nhiễm khuẩn với ổ nhiễm khuẩn khởi phát từ đường hô hấp là chủ yếu với 51%. Nồng độ albumin huyết thanh trung bình là 26,3 ± 5,85 g/l, cao nhất 45,6 g/l, thấp nhất 11,3 g/l, trong đó tỷ lệ albumin dưới 25 g/l chiếm 40%. Nồng độ albumin huyết thanh ở bệnh nhân nam và nữ và giữa các nhóm BMI là không có sự khác biệt với p > 0.05, các chỉ số SOFA, APACHE II cao hơn ở nhóm bệnh nhân có nồng độ albumin huyết thanh dưới 25 g/l (12,14 so với 11,11, 19,24 so với 17,56 với p < 0,05). Kết luận: Bệnh nhân sốc nhiễm khuẩn có xu hướng giảm nồng độ albumin huyết thanh, các yếu tố giới, nhóm tuổi, BMI và đường vào sốc nhiễm khuẩn không gây nên sự khác biệt về nồng độ albumin huyết thanh. Nhóm bệnh nhân có nồng độ albumin huyết thanh dưới 25 g/l có điểm SOFA, điểm APACHE II cao hơn.
Optimization of Waste Management on The Basis of Research in the ‘PIKRES’ Manufacturing Company
Authors: KŁAK Marcin
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this article is to present waste management issues and attempts to optimize waste management at the PIKRES manufacturing company. In order to achieve this goal, data were used from the company’s documents covering the scope of waste records and from information obtained during an in-depth interview. In addition, the authors reviewed the literature on the topic under consideration.
New advances in the treatment and diagnosis of hypertension in primary care: a literature review
Authors: Quishpe Chuquitarco Yadyra Cristina , Morales Quilligana Segundo Fernando , Guano Andrade Verónica Janneth , Huertas López Tannia Elizabeth , Cando Sánchez Priscila Maribel
Published: February 2024

Background: Despite the availability of safe and effective antihypertensive drugs, hypertension continues to be a major risk factor for cardiovascular death and morbidity worldwide. This review explores the contemporary landscape of advances in hypertension (HTN) diagnosis and treatment, examining the discordant diagnostic thresholds proposed by American and European guidelines. Methods: An integrative approach was employed, analyzing pertinent literature from sources such as ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on new advances in HTN diagnosis and treatment in primary care, published in English within the last five years (2018-2023). Results: Diagnostic innovations focus on the preference for automated sphygmomanometers and technological advancements, enhancing precision and reliability. Treatment advancements span neurovascular dimensions, including neuromodulation, and innovations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, showcasing promising drugs like finerenone and esaxerenone. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors demonstrate efficacy beyond antidiabetic effects. The complexities of renal denervation and its challenges are scrutinized, emphasizing the need for further research. Clinical decision-making underscores risk stratification, lifestyle modifications, and the emerging use of single-pill combinations and individualized treatment plans. Conclusion: The review highlights the multidimensional approach required for optimal HTN management in primary care, encompassing diagnostic innovations, treatment advancements, and individualized strategies. Ongoing research is pivotal for refining diagnostic and therapeutic paradigms in hypertension management.
Alimentando o mundo: Comemos o que exportamos e importamos
Authors: Carvalho Ítalo Brener , Jesus Douglas Silva Martins de , Lopes Marcus Vinicius Almeida , Caldas Yara Bertilie Rezende
Published: February 2024

O texto discute a importância das relações internacionais e do comércio internacional, abordando os desafios e benefícios da globalização. Destaca-se o processo de internacionalização das empresas, que envolve a expansão para além das fronteiras nacionais em busca de novos mercados. São apresentados os riscos envolvidos nesse processo, como diferenças culturais, políticas e cambiais, e a importância de uma estratégia de entrada adequada no mercado internacional. O setor agroalimentar é mencionado como um exemplo relevante da indústria brasileira, com destaque para o papel do Brasil na produção global de alimentos e nas exportações. O texto também destaca a importância do agronegócio na economia brasileira, tanto na produção de alimentos quanto na geração de empregos. Por fim, são mencionadas as políticas de importação e exportação do Brasil, que contribuem para fortalecer o agronegócio como um dos principais setores econômicos do país.
Ciudades violentas:
Authors: Ureña Bautista Nicolás , Torres Romero Jose Ignacio , Granado Bejarano Alejandro
Published: February 2024

En este estudio se pretende abordar aspectos del barrio de La Chana en Granada desde el punto de vista de la exclusión social debido al aislamiento generado por las denominadas Ciudades cuarteadas o quartered cities. Se aborda este tema desde una perspectiva de la violencia simbólica y estructural que se genera a raíz de la disposición arquitectónica de las ciudades. En este sentido se obtienen una visión sobre cómo el barrio de La Chana se encuentra excluido del resto de la ciudad de Granada debido a delimitación del espacio físico que le generan la red ferroviaria que rodea al barrio. A través de los Indicadores Básicos de Vulnerabilidad Urbana (IBVU), y la complementación con información gráfica sobre la realidad social de la estructura del barrio, se observa que en barrio de La Chana los niveles de vulnerabilidad han bajado de manera general con respecto al año 2001, pero siguen siendo altos en el año 2011. Por otro lado, se observa un proceso de guetificación del barrio dada la poca accesibilidad del mismo, lo que provoca una situación de exclusión social debido a la existencia de muros físicos y simbólicos en el barrio.  Por último, se concluye que la teoría de las ciudades cuarteadas puede tener aplicaciones prácticas, mostrando barreras simbólicas y violencias estructurales que nacen a raíz de la estructuración del espacio físico.
Servicios de uso continuo y evaluación de satisfacción en una empresa de saneamiento básico
Authors: Pereira Junior Errol Fernando Zepka , Schroeder Eliza Antonini , Añaña Edar , D'Avila Livia Castro , Rodrigues Garcia Daniele
Published: February 2024

En Brasil, la gran mayoría de los servicios de uso continuo son públicos, de derecho ciudadano y de responsabilidad del Estado. Considerando que el Estado debe prestar servicios adecuados a la población, le corresponde delegar facultades para la prestación de estos servicios, manteniendo ciertas facultades y derechos sobre los franquiciados. Al tratarse de un servicio público, no existe transmisión de la titularidad, sino únicamente la prestación de actividades. Esta relación estado/franquiciado necesita ser definida y establecida por ley para que las administraciones públicas puedan medir la importancia relativa y la satisfacción de los usuarios de estos servicios y así orientar las prioridades y acciones de mejora. Este trabajo, utilizando métodos cuantitativos y descriptivos, investiga la aplicabilidad de algunos de los elementos del Cliente Americano Índice de Servicios-ACSI a la prestación de servicios esenciales de salud en Rio Grande do Sul a través de una encuesta de evaluación de desempeño. La muestra está compuesta por 261 encuestados, y el análisis de datos se realizó a través de gráficos de importancia y satisfacción de los usuarios con los servicios de la empresa. El resultado demuestra que la calidad de los servicios continuos se puede evaluar adecuadamente analizando el mapeo de la importancia y el rendimiento de algunos componentes ACSI.
A new characterization of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet using 2-dimensional moment analysis
Authors: Perez Jacob , Maycock Amanda , Griffiths Stephen , Hardiman Steven , McKenna Christine
Published: February 2024

Abstract. We develop a novel technique for characterising the latitude, tilt and intensity of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet using a feature identification method and two-dimensional moment analysis. Applying this technique to the ERA5 reanalysis, the distribution of daily winter jet latitude is unimodal with a mean of 46° N and a negative skew of -0.07. This is in contrast with the trimodal distribution of the daily Jet Latitude Index (JLI) . We show that our method exhibits less noise than the JLI, casting doubt on the previous interpretations of the trimodal distribution as evidence for regime behaviour of the North Atlantic jet. It also explicitly and straightforwardly handles days where the jet is split. Though climatologically the jet is tilted south-west to north-east, around a fifth of winter days show an opposite tilted jet. Our method is simple, requiring only daily 850 hPa zonal wind data, and diagnoses the jet in a more informative and robust way than previous methods.
Quantifying the Impacts of Atmospheric Rivers on the Surface Energy Budget of the Arctic Based on Reanalysis
Authors: Zhang Chen , Cassano John J. , Seefeldt Mark , Wang Hailong , Ma Weiming , Tung Wen-wen
Published: February 2024

Abstract. We present a comprehensive analysis of Arctic surface energy budget (SEB) components during atmospheric river (AR) events identified by integrated water vapor transport exceeding the monthly 85th percentile climatological threshold in 3-hourly ERA5 reanalysis data from January 1980 to December 2015. Analysis of average anomalies in SEB components, net SEB, and the overall AR contribution to the total seasonal SEB reveals clear seasonality and distinct land – sea – sea ice contrast patterns. Over the sea ice-covered central Arctic Ocean, ARs significantly impact net SEB, inducing substantial surface warming in fall, winter, and spring, primarily driven by large anomalies in surface downward longwave radiation. We find that ARs make a substantial relative contribution to the mean SEB in spring (32 %), exceeding their corresponding occurrence frequency (11 %). However, in other seasons, ARs contribute relatively less to the mean SEB than their frequency, indicating a diminished role compared to their occurrence frequency. Over sub-polar oceans, ARs have the most substantial positive impact on net SEB in cold seasons, mainly attributed to significant positive turbulent heat flux anomalies, with a maximum contribution to the mean SEB in spring averaging 65 %. In summer, ARs induce negative impacts on net SEB, primarily due to reduced shortwave radiation from increased cloud cover during AR events. Over continents, ARs generate smaller absolute impacts on net SEB but contribute significantly to the mean SEB in cold seasons, far surpassing their corresponding frequency, highlighting their crucial role in determining the net SEB over continents during cold seasons. Greenland, especially western Greenland, exhibits significant downward longwave radiation anomalies associated with ARs, which drive large net SEB anomalies and contribute >54 % to mean SEB, and induce amplified surface warming year-round. This holds significance for melt events, particularly during summer. This study quantifies the role of ARs on surface energy budget, contributing to our understanding of the Arctic warming and sea ice decline in ongoing Arctic amplification.
Root zone in the Earth system
Authors: Gao Hongkai , Hrachowitz Markus , Wang-Erlandsson Lan , Fenicia Fabrizio , Xi Qiaojuan , Xia Jianyang , Shao Wei , Sun Ge , Savenije Hubert
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The concept of “root zone” is widely used in hydrology, agronomy, and land surface process studies. However, the root zone still lacks a precise definition. More essentially, the importance of root zone in the Earth system science is largely under explored. Furthermore, the methodology to estimate root zone is still controversial. In this study, we firstly attempted to clarify the definition of the root zone by comparing with various “similar” terms, such as rooting depth, soil depth, vadose zone, rhizosphere, and critical zone, to bridge the gaps within and between traditional disciplinary boundaries. Secondly, we found that, from a hydrological and thus water-centric perspective, the root zone holds profound implications across all the spheres of the Earth system, including biosphere (living organisms), hydrosphere (water), pedosphere (soil), lithosphere (rock), and atmosphere (air), through various exchange fluxes of mass and energy. The role of the root zone in the Anthropocene is elaborated as well, including the intensifying impacts of climate change and agriculture, along with implications for nature-based solutions and planetary stewardship. Thirdly, for root zone estimation, we underscore that the theoretical foundation of the traditional reductionist approach to understand and model the root zone is problematic due to the complex and dynamic nature of root zone functions. We advocate for a shift towards a holistic ecosystem-centered perspective, which offers a more realistic, simplified, and dynamic representation of the root zone in Earth system science.
Differences in aerosol and cloud properties along the central California coast when winds change from northerly to southerly
Authors: Zeider Kira , Betito Grace , Bucholtz Anthony , Xian Peng , Walker Annette , Sorooshian Armin
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Wind reversals resulting in southerly flow along the California coast are not well understood in terms of how aerosol and cloud characteristics change. This gap is addressed using airborne field measurements enhanced with data from space-borne remote sensing (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), surface stations (Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments), and models (Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System and Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System), with a focus on sub- and supermicron aerosol, and cloud microphysical variables: cloud droplet number concentration (Nd), cloud optical thickness (COT), and cloud droplet effective radius (re). Southerly flow coincided with higher values of submicron aerosol concentration (Na) and mass concentrations of species representative of fine aerosol pollution (NO3- and nss-SO42-) and shipping/continental emissions (V, oxalate, NH4+, Ni, OC, and EC). Supermicron Na did not change, however, heightened levels of acidic species in southerly flow coincided with reduced Cl-:Na+ suggestive of Cl- depletion in salt particles. Clouds responded correspondingly in southerly flow, with more acidic cloud water, higher levels of similar species as in the aerosol phase (e.g., NO3-, nss-SO42-, NH4+, V), along with elevated values of Nd and COT and reduced re during campaigns with similar cloud liquid water paths. Case study flights help to visualize offshore pollution gradients and highlight the sensitivity of the results to the presence of widespread smoke coverage including how associated plumes have enhanced supermicron Na. These results have implications for aerosol-cloud interactions during wind reversals, and have relevance for weather, public welfare, and aviation.
Kinematic analysis and bearing capacity optimization of fully decoupled two-rotation mechanisms
Authors: Wang Sen , Han Xueyan , Li Haoran , Xu Hongyu , Li Shihua
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The existing vehicle durability test platform has low accuracy in reproducing the road spectrum and cannot meet the demand for high-accuracy road spectrum reproduction. In order to meet the need for high accuracy in road spectrum reproduction of vehicle durability tests, this paper is based on an analysis of the factors affecting the accuracy of the test platform. From the perspective of mechanism innovation, a fully decoupled two-rotation parallel mechanism with large load-bearing capacity for vehicle durability testing is proposed in this paper. A new solution is provided to improve the road spectrum reproduction accuracy of the test platform. Based on the requirement of reproduction accuracy of a real road spectrum, inverse kinematics, velocity Jacobians, and workspaces of mechanisms are analyzed. The inverse kinematics and velocity Jacobian analysis of parallel mechanisms can lay a research foundation for the subsequent calculation of load-bearing capacity indexes. The design of the parallel mechanism is based on the performance requirements of large load capacity and complete decoupling. A new index for evaluating the global average carrying capacity of a mechanism is proposed. Based on this index and the atlas method, the dimensional parameters of the mechanism have been optimized. A finite-element simulation study is carried out, and it is proved that the optimized fully decoupled two-rotation parallel mechanism can satisfy the bearing capacity requirements of the platform test. The large load capacity and fully decoupled mechanism proposed in the research work of this paper can improve the road spectrum reproduction accuracy of the vehicle durability test platform and has good application prospects in the field of vehicle durability tests.
Tractor Drawbar Performance Prediction Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Nitin Karwasra  , Anil Kumar  , Amarjit Kalra  , S. Mukesh  , Vijaya Rani  , Sarita
Published: February 2024

Prediction of tractor drawbar performance can lead to simulation and optimization of tractor performance, allowing optimum setting of different parameters as well as guiding manufacturer in decision-making for design of new tractors. Twenty different input parameters were selected for drawbar performance prediction. The data used as input to train the network was collected from 141 tractor test reports tested between 1997 and 2013 at the Central Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institute, Budni (M.P.). A back propagation artificial neural network (ANN) was developed using Neural Network Toolbox in Matlab software. Matrix of 1140×20 and 1140×1 was made as input and target values for drawbar prediction in the ANN. The optimum structure of neural network was determined by trial-and-error method, and 30 different structures were evaluated. Highest performance was obtained for the network with two hidden layers, each having 35 neurons, and employed Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm. Coefficient of determination (R2 ) and Mean square error (MSE) for this neural network was 0.994 and 1.284, respectively.
Studies on Solar Drying of Kokum (Garcinia Indica) Rind and Its Quality Evaluation
Authors: A. R. Hande  , Shrikant Baslingappa Swami  , N.J.Thakor
Published: February 2024

Kokum rind was dried from 85.32 % (w.b.) moisture content to 11.17% (w.b.) moisture content in a solar tunnel dryer in 34 h. Ten mathematical drying models were fitted with the experimental data on moisture ratio and time required for drying. Wang and Sing drying model fitted best with r2 value of 0.998 and RMSE of 0.000536. Variation in solar intensity inside and outside of the dryer was 180.51±58.51 W.m-2 and 434.68±120.34 W.m-2, respectively, with the ambient air temperature ranging between 40.9 o C and 55.36 o C, product temperature ranging between 28.76 o C and 55.67 o C, and humidity ranging between 20.00 and 39.99 per cent. Drying efficiency of the solar tunnel dryer was 22.94 per cent. Kokum rind quality parameters as acidity, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, protein, carbohydrates, ash, calorific value significantly increased after drying at p≤0.01, while pH, anthocyanin, colour (L, a and b value) significantly decreased at p≤0.01.
Energy Utilization Efficiency and Entrepreneurial Potential of a Solarbiomass Integrated Drying System
Authors: A. Borah  , L. N. Sethi  , S. Sarkar  , K. Hazarika
Published: February 2024

In absence of grid power in most of the production catchments in the North Eastern states of India, coupled with disruptive power situation in areas where it is available, agricultural products are invariably dried under traditional sun drying. Ginger and turmeric with high intrinsic qualities are two major spices produced in a formidable quantity in the region. Truckloads of raw ginger are transported to Delhi and other places, causing huge transit losses. A solar-biomass integrated (IDS) batch drying system was thus designed and developed with a capacity of 100 kg/batch. A compound parabolic solar collector coupled with bio-waste fired combustion and heating assembly was designed and attached to a drying chamber consisting of six trays and a wind turbine on the top to create the necessary draft controlled by butterfly valves and sliding gates. Thin layer drying experiments were carried out for drying of sliced ginger and turmeric. Fluidized bed dryer (FBD), electrical oven (EO) and open sun drying (OSD) were used for comparison. Effective moisture diffusivity in case of turmeric drying was nearly 21% more in comparison to ginger drying. Minimum specific energy consumption (SEC) occurred in IDS, and was 14 and 30 times less compared to FBD and OSD, respectively. Considering total heat available in the plenum chamber and latent heat of vapourization, the IDS showed 36.33% of overall energy utilization efficiency. A run up of 10 years and a break-even of 17.70 % was estimated, reflecting high entrepreneurial possibility of the developed IDS.
Remote Sensing and GIS based Morphometric Analysis for Micro-watershed Prioritization in Takarla-Ballowal Watershed
Authors: N. L. Kushwaha  , Anil Bhardwaj
Published: February 2024

Micro-watershed prioritization has gained importance in watershed management. Morphometric analysis of the Takarla-Ballowal watershed in Shivalik foot-hills of Punjab was carried out using remote sensing and GIS techniques. ASTER data was used for preparing Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The total area of the watershed (2401.82 ha) was divided into 9 micro-watersheds (MWS-1 to MWS-9) with areas ranging from 88.03 ha to 376.72 ha. Drainage density of the micro-watersheds varied from 11.41 km.km-2 (MWS1) to 3.97 km.km-2 (MWS-9), elongation ratio from 0.46 (MWS-8) to 0.80 (MWS-1 and MWS-3), circularity ratio from 0.68 (MWS-1) to 0.34 (MWS-7 and MWS-8), and relief ratio (Rh ) from 0.013(MWS-9) to 0.070 (MWS-3). The length of overland flow varied from 125.94 m (MWS-9) to 43.82 m (MWS-1). Compound morphometric parameter values of the micro-watersheds were determined based on each morphometric parameter value, and the micro-watersheds ranked. The micro-watershed MWS-6 with compound parameter value of 5.7 had lowest priority, while MWS-1 had highest priority with compound parameter value of 4.3, suggesting that MWS-1 was subjected to maximum soil erosion and susceptible to natural hazards. Hence, the micro-watershed MWS-1 should be given top priority for planning and executing conservation treatments.
Evaluation of Class-A Pan Coefficient Models for Estimation of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration for Dry Sub-humid Climates
Authors: Saswat Kumar Kar  , Anupam Kumar Nema  , C. D. Mishra  , B. L. Sinha
Published: February 2024

Evaporation and evapotranspiration are important parameters for various agricultural activities, which may be estimated using a pan coefficient value obtained from several models. It is a function of wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and fetch length. For dry sub-humid climate of Varanasi, Snyder model was found to be best for estimating the pan coefficient with an average value of 0.79, which closely agreed with pan coefficient value estimated by the standard FAO-56 model. The maximum and minimum average daily pan evaporation for the region was 8.8 mm.day-1 and 2.5 mm.day-1, respectively, in the month of May and December. The reference evapotranspiration estimated using pan coefficient obtained from Snyder method showed lowest MAE of 0.24, RMSE of 0.30, agreement Index of 0.99, percentage error of estimate of 6.51 % and efficiency of 96 per cent. The Mann-Kendall’s non-parametric test used for identifying trend showed an increasing trend for pan coefficient data series, and a decreasing trend for pan evaporation data series at 5 % significance level. Tempoal variation in pan coefficient may be computed for Varanasi meteorological station to estimate reference evapotranspiration.
Mechanized Planting of Carrot Seeds on Beds
Authors: Manjeet Singh  , T. S. Dhillon  , I. S. Hundal  , G. S. Manes  , Karun Sharma
Published: February 2024

Tractor operated inclined plate bed planter with total width of 2300 mm was used to plant carrot seed. Field trials on sowing of carrot seed were conducted using broadcasting, ridge and mechanical bed planting methods. Field capacity of mechanical method of planting was higher (0.5 ha.h-1) as compared to 0.25 ha.h-1 and 0.02 ha.h-1 with the broadcasting and ridge methods, respectively. Seed rate requirement using machine was 6.9 kg.ha-1 as compared to 18.75 kg.ha-1 with broadcasting. The plant population of mechanical planting was higher (5.25x105 ha-1) as compared to 4.0x105 ha-1 and 4.38x105 ha-1 by ridge and broadcasting methods, respectively. Root weight/yield of crop planted with machine was significantly higher (69.3 t.ha-1) as compared to 51.75 t.ha-1 and 48.38 t.ha-1 obtained by ridge and broadcasting methods, respectively. Total planting cost of mechanical planting was lesser (4578 `.ha-1) as compared to 11218 `.ha-1 and 38828 `.ha-1 with broadcasting and ridge methods, respectively. Total cost saving with carrot planter was 56 % and 87%, respectively, as compared to broadcasting and ridge planting methods. Break even point of carrot planter was 50 ha.yr-1 with payback period of 50 ha use of the planter.
Fear and Hope: Contemplating the Parousia in J. S. Bach’s Sacred Cantatas
Authors: Sola Chagas Lima Eduardo
Published: February 2024

Despite extensive musicological writings on J. S. Bach’s sacred cantatas, little space is dedicated to the musical portrayal of the Christian doctrine of parousia (παρουσία)—Christ’s return, or second advent. This study considers the parousia concept within eighteenth-century German Lutheranism, contemplating its dichotomous fearful and hopeful interpretations. It also explores its implications for the doctrinal notions of death, judgement, and salvation, among other correlated themes as they appear in Bach’s cantatas BWV 70, 90, and 140. This essay analyzes various renditions of these themes in the cantatas along with their rhetorical and musical rendering, with the intent of distilling Bach’s perspectives of Christ’s second coming.