bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cutting Force Prediction for Generalized Cornering Milling Process
Authors: Yan Xue , Tao Hua , Zhang D.H. , Wu B.H.
Published: March 2011

A developed method to predict the cutting forces in end milling of generalized corners is proposed in this paper. The cornering milling process is divided into a series of cutting segments with different cutting states. The mathematical model of the geometric relationship between cutter and the corner profile is established for each segment. Cutting forces is predicted by introducing the classical cutting force model. The computational results of cutting forces are in good agreement with experimental data.
Rapid Selection of Milling Tools Based on the Initial Wear
Authors: Zhang H. , Chen Wu Yi
Published: March 2011

In this paper, tool life, tool wear criteria, initial wear and cutting length at initial wear are picked out from 295 milling tool wear curves to calculate initial wear rate K0, final wear rate K1 and the ratio K between the two. By statistic analysis of K0, K1 and K, a statistical regularity between K0 and K1 is found, which indicates that the faster the initial wear, the shorter the tool life would be. Based on the statistical regularity, a milling tool rapid selection method is proposed, and an experiment on selecting the best tools for machining TC4 is carried out to verify the method. The results show that the method can reduce the consumption of material and time significantly, which confirm the efficiency of the method.
Research on New Helical-Conical Grinding Method for PCB Drill
Authors: Zheng Xiao Hu , Zhang G.L. , Fu Cai An , Chen Ming , Wang Cheng Yong
Published: March 2011

A new grinding method for PCB drill-helical-conical grinding method which is combined helical method and conical method is introduced in this paper. Compared with conical grinding method, helical-conical grinding method avoids the tail rising problem and improves the clearance angle distribution along with the main cutting edge. The mathematical model of this method is given in this paper.
Tools Optimization in Efficient Intermittent Cutting of 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V Steel
Authors: Liu Han Lian , Lv Xiang , Huang Chuan Zhen , Yin Zeng Bin , Zou Bin , Zhu Hong Tao
Published: March 2011

In order to improve the machining efficiency of high strength steel 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V and tool life, intermittent turning performance of 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V with common carbide tools and advanced coated carbide tools was experimentally studied, cutting parameters and tool types were optimized. The results showed that the machining efficiency and tool life of advanced coated carbide tools were remarkably higher than that of common carbide tool; the tool life of quadrate coated tool was longer than that of circular tool. The cutting tool failure mechanisms were also discussed.
The Study of Control System for Reconfigurable Machine Tool Model
Authors: Zhou L. , Nie Wen Jie , Liao Z.R. , Liang X.R. , Pan G.Q.
Published: March 2011

With the higher requirements of product processing, single-function machine can not meet the production needs. By analyzing the principles of reconfigurable machine tools, based on 51 single-chip microcomputer, this article researches the control system of reconfigurable machine tool, implements precision motion control for motors. The research can also reduce costs, so the practicality and economy all have a certain advantage, which will help promote the use in practice.
3D Finite Element Simulation on the Orthogonal Cutting Processes with Different Commercial Codes
Authors: Mou Zhao Yu , Gao Peng Fei , Wang Wei Fang , Wen Dong Hui
Published: March 2011

The purpose of this paper is to compare different simulation model of orthogonal cutting process using three different FEM commercial codes as well as with the results of orthogonal experiment. For one thing, element type, boundary condition and friction model between the chip and tool commercial have been compared when the numerical model established in implicit finite element code, Deform3D and the explicit code ANSYS/LS-DYNA and Thirdwave AdvantEdge. For another, main and thrust cutting forces, shear angles, chip thicknesses and contact lengths by three codes are compared with the orthogonal metal cutting experiment by Movahhedy and Altintas.
Vibration Analysis on Ball End Milling Hardened Mould Assembled with Different Hardness Materials
Authors: Wang Yang Yu , Ji Shi Ming , Zhang Xian , Wen Dong Hui , Tang Y.J.
Published: March 2011

Analytical and experimental identifications on the characteristics of the acceleration signal in high speed milling (HSM) process using ball end mill were studied. Three parts of harden steel with different hardness were assembled together, as opposed to the single harden steel in general HSM process. Dynamic model of ball end milling was established, tests with new and worn cutter were carried out respectively. Time domain analysis on the acceleration signal showed that the amplitude varies with the hardness through the whole cutting path. Furthermore, frequency domain analysis using fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique shows that the spectrum of the vibration signal using new cutter contain the tool spindle rotation speed as fundamental frequency and its harmonics. On the other hand, the spectrum of vibration signal under tool wear state contain other frequencies in addition to the fundamental frequency and harmonics, and this feature of spectrum can be used to monitor the state of the cutter during HSM.
Modal Analysis of Externally Pressurized Air Bearing Workbench Based on Spring-Mass System Method
Authors: Zhang Bo , Ma Ping , Huang J.J.
Published: March 2011

The stiffness of externally pressurized air bearing is nonlinear, so it is difficult for nonlinear modeling and modal analysis with Finite Element Modal Analysis(FEMA). In this paper, the spring-mass system method which use linear springs in place of nonlinear air bearing has been developed to make FEMA of externally pressurized air bearing workbench more easier and faster. The actual modes of the workbench have also been attained with Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA). The results of EMA have a good agreement with FEAM results ,which verifies the feasibility of spring-mass system method.
Large NC Machining Fast Knife Mould Based on Image Technology
Authors: Liu Xian Li , Song Xiao Ran , Liu L.J. , Zhao Zhong Yang , Ma D.L.
Published: March 2011

In NC machining large moulds, second mold will install deviated orientation problem. Based on image technology, after the second for installation of workpiece, collected clip in the concrete pins on measuring and calculating the image processing, analysis, and finally got the localization generated during installation and adjustment, the deviation of the machine to eliminate biases. In image processing of PSCP thinning algorithm, based on the characteristics of image edge detection were analyzed, the extraction and processing, improve the machining accuracy and efficiency. This method can also be used in small parts processing detection, etc.
Analysis and Research of the Vibration of the High-Speed Cutting Process
Authors: Tang A.M. , Zhou Z.X. , Huang W.W.
Published: March 2011

The paper takes the dynamic cutting process as research subject to analyze and research the high-speed milling process. Through carrying out the dynamical modeling and simulation of the milling process, the analytical model of the dynamic cutting force and the chatter stable region of the spiral end mill were established. On the basis of the analytical model, the simulation of the end milling process was carried out, and the interpretational domain of the simulation was confirmed experimentally. Finally, the parameter optimization of the high-speed cutting process was investigated in the term of the stability of the cutting process.
An Experimental Study on the Impact on Vari-Speed Milling to the Capacity Machine Tool
Authors: Xue Xiao Qiang , He Ning , Li Liang , Zhao Wei , Wang Qi
Published: March 2011

The axial limit cutting depth(LCD) of constant speed were studied, and the stability lobes were gotten by expriments and simulation. The vari-speed milling selected various parameters was investigated by expriments,also.The experimental results show that varying speed milling approach improves the limit cutting depth on proper time and prope parameters selection. According to the comparative analysis of the exprimental results of constant speed and vari-speed milling, it was obtained whether the varying speed milling approach was to be chosen and how to select proper parameters, should be reference to the stability lobes of constant speed.
Study on Unicursal Pseudo-Random Tool Path for Computer Controlled Polishing
Authors: Zhang Fei Hu , Yu Xing Bin , Zhang Yong
Published: March 2011

The application of ‘small tool’ based on computer controlled is a breakthrough in modern optical machining technology. The unicursal pseudo-random tool path, called “random path” for short, was schemed to reduce the high-frequency errors left by small polishing tool. The clipping algorithm has been developed to optimize random path, thereby it can be used in polishing workpiece surface of any boundary shape efficiently. The power spectral density (PSD) of surface before and after polishing with random path was analyzed and the result indicated that the high frequency error can be reduced by the application of random path.
Simulation of Drilling on the Copper of PCB with Ultra-High-Speed
Authors: Tang Hong Qun , Wen Jun , Wang Cheng Yong , Wu Lu Shu , Song Yue Xian
Published: March 2011

This paper gives an introduction of the simulation of ultra-high-speed drilling on the copper of printed circuit board (PCB) by using finite element method (FEM). The cutting force, cutting torque and the distribution of cutting temperature are predicted. The value of cutting force is also be compared with the experimental value. The simulation results show that the experimental value of cutting force agrees well with the FEM value and the value of cutting torque is very small in the drilling process , in addition，the maximum temperature of copper comes up to 209 °C in center area and the temperature of copper chip evacuation from the spiral groove ranges from 135°C to 155 °C.
Optimization Design Based on Static and Dynamic Performance of Beam
Authors: Cong M. , Zhao Q. , Han T. , Liu D.D. , Duan Z.B. , Yu J.G.
Published: March 2011

A new type of high speed vertical machining center which adopt gantry type structure is introduced. In order to improve performance of Beam, a sizing optimization based on static and dynamic performance is carried out. And a comparison is made between the analysis results before and after optimization. It is proved that the optimization method is feasible and both static and dynamic performances are improved.
Experimental Study on the Staining Method for Measuring Acoustic Field for Ultrasonic Process
Authors: Wang Guo Feng , Zhang K.H. , Lu Shuang , Hong C.L.
Published: March 2011

In order to research the feasibility of staining method in measuring the acoustic field intensity, we study the mechanism that dye spots could appear on coated paper in methylene blue solution under ultrasonic condition. The dyeing mechanism was analyzed and pointed out the dye pits evolution process on the basis of the structure of coated paper，and then the experiment was carried out to test the validation. The result indicates that the theory is rational. And we can also draw the conclusion that staining method have many barriers in pullulating to a utility technology to evaluate the acoustic field quantitatively, but it is simple and easy operating in special acoustic field which requires less accuracy.
Effects of Plasma Nitriding and TiN Coating Duplex Treatment on Wear Resistance of Commercially Pure Titanium
Authors: Tong Yu , Guo Tian Wen , Wang Jing , Liang Hai Feng , Qian Mi
Published: March 2011

The commercially pure(CP) titanium specimens were modified with Direct current(DC) plasma nitriding and arc ion plating of TiN film. The duplex treated titanium samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), microhardness tester and ball-on-disc tribotester. The results showed that the duplex treated CP titanium appeared uniform and bright golden, microhardness and wear resistance improved substantially and were superior to that of only TiN coated ones. All these results indicate plasma nitriding and TiN film deposition duplex treatment can improve surface characteristics of CP titanium significantly. The method can be applied to the titanium denture to improve the tribological properties and color.
Practices and Research on Goal Setting of Software Performance Engineering
Authors: Xu Min , Fang Mei Qi
Published: March 2011

Performance is very important for the success of software. Software performance engineering (SPE) provides a good approach to constructing software systems that meet performance goals. We must apply SPE into whole software lifecycle. First of all, goal setting is the basic and key factor to the success of SPE. In this paper, we focus on the best practice of goal setting of SPE. The steps and some experiences on goal setting will be discussed in more detail.
Study on Glass Transition Temperature of Polyvinylamine Hydrochloride
Authors: Zhao Hong Chi , Li Qi , Bai Li Bin , Huang Fan
Published: March 2011

Polyvinylamine (PVAm) was synthesized by Hofmann degradation of polyacrylamide (PAM). The thermal properties of the Polyvinylamine hydrochloride (PVAm•HCl) were studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The degradation rate (a) decreased with increasing weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of PAM and decreasing amount of NaOH, and a were the better values when the concentration of PAM was 5% and the amount of NaClO was 10 mL. DSC curves showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PVAm•HCl increased with increasing Mw of PAM, concentration of NaClO and decreasing concentration of NaOH. Tg of PVAm•HCl appeared the minimum value when the concentration of PAM was 5.0%.
3ACare: A Wireless Body Sensor Network for Health Alert and Monitoring
Authors: Xuan Yun Dong , Zhao Zhan , Fang Zhen , Geng Dao Qu , Shi Yao Hong
Published: March 2011

The development of Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems ,integrated circuits, wireless communications have resulted in the creation of miniature, ultra-low power, and wearable health monitoring system. The system can be defined as a Body Sensor Network that can be embedded in the user’s outfit as a part of the clothing .This 3ACare system is a wearable health monitoring and alert system which can give anyone health care at anytime and anywhere. The system continuously collects multiple vital signs by physiological sensors and evaluates the signs in a personal server such as a PDA. And the personal server transfers the data to a medical server center by 3G net or Internet. The doctor in the medical server center will give the patients message after they diagnosed the data.The paper describes the architecture of 3ACare and the details of the wireless body sensor network (WBSN) nodes and the test result.
Dynamic Modeling of the Capture Process of Snare Space Grapple Device
Authors: Li Long , Deng Zong Quan , Li Bing
Published: March 2011

Snare space grapple device is designed for grappling large in-orbit payloads. Based on describing the grappling process, dynamic modeling of capturing a free-floating vehicle with large solar sails is performed by using Newton-Euler and hybrid coordinate methods in this paper. The models considering target vehicle as a rigid central body with flexible appendages which are discrete by using finite element method.
The Preparation and Properties of Rice Straw/Starch Composites
Authors: Liu Jun Jun , He Chun Xia
Published: March 2011

Based on energy saving, environmental protection and use of agricultural residues, rice straw/starch composites were manufactured using molding method. The influence of manufacturing parameters (time, pressure and temperature) on flexural strength, flexural elastic modulus and tensile strength of the composites had been studied. The microstructure of fractured surfaces was further observed. Results showed that when the manufacturing parameters are: time of 47min, pressure of 19MPa and temperature of 156°C, the composites have higher mechanical properties. The mechanical properties increase with increasing of pressure. The interface, soakage and compatibility of cassava starch and straw are better, starch content is 16%, and straw/cassava starch composites have higher mechanical properties.
Design and Implement of Sharable Multi-Channel On-Chip Memory for Embedded CMP System
Authors: Liu Cai Xia , Zhang Zhi Bin , Wei Feng Qi , Xu Xiao Dong
Published: March 2011

A kind of shared multi-channel on-chip memory architecture (SMC-OCM) for embedded CMPs is proposed in this article. To implement SMC-OCM architecture, the sharable multi-channel on-chip memory (MC-OCM) is designed and implemented based on FPGA. The characteristic of multiple data channel of MC-OCM assures good parallel responsiveness of SMC-OCM system. Experiments showed that the access latency of SMC-OCM is lower than that of the-state-of arts. SMC-OCM architecture satisfies the performance requirements for memory system by embedded applications
Poly(aryl Imino Sulphone)s as Novel High Performance Polymers
Authors: Chang Guan Jun , Zhang Lin , Lin Run Xiong
Published: March 2011

Poly(aryl imino sulphone)s (PAIS) as novel high-performance polymers have been obtained by the condensation polymerization of 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl solfone with different primary aromatic diamines via Palladium-catalyzed aryl amination reaction. The structure of polymers synthesized was characterized by means of FT-IR, NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, the results showed an agreement with the proposed structure. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal analysis (TG) measurements showed that polymers possessed high glass transition temperature (Tg>145°C) and good thermal stability with high decomposition temperatures (TD>450°C). These novel polymers also exhibited good mechanical behaviors and good solubility.
A Novel Transient Improvement with Overshoot Suppression
Authors: Ding Yong , Luo Xiao Hua , Wan Min Yong , Liu Ming Yu
Published: March 2011

In conventional image enhancement methods, the noises and overshoot occur which degrade the image quality significantly accompanied with transient improvement. To obtain high quality image enhancement, a novel transient improvement with overshoot suppression and noise reduction is proposed. It employs a Laplacian of Gaussian operator and a Sobel operator to achieve transient improvement, and uses a nonlinear clamp filter in luminance and a median filter in chrominance for overshoot suppression. Experimental results indicate that it can achieve better transient improvement and sharpen the blurred edge effectively while suppressing or preventing overshoot.
The Effect of Pressure and Pore-Forming Agent on the Mechanical Properties of Porous Titanium
Authors: Zhang Peng , Qi Yuan Chen , Li Wei
Published: March 2011

Porous titanium compacts were fabricated by powder metallurgy using cold isostatic press with and without pore forming agents. Their microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated in this study. These alloy powders were sintered under 1300°C in vacuum of 10-3 Pa for 2h, followed by furnace cooling. Young’s modulus of sintered Ti could equal that of human’s dense bones. It was found that the strength of porous Ti enhanced by increasing the pressure or decreasing the amounts of pore forming agents. We prepared a porous pure Ti with 30wt.% NH4HCO3 as pore forming agents whose modulus was near to the human cortical bone, as compared in the range from 10 to 30GPa of Young’s modulus for human bone.
Controlled Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZnO Nano and Microstructure Materials with Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Wang He Quan , Li Hai Bo , Wang Yong Cai , Wang Hai , Zhao Wen Xia , Huang Hong , Liang Chao Lun , Deng You Jun , Liu Yong
Published: March 2011

Various ZnO nano and microstructures, such as nanorods, microflowers composed of nanorods, and microrods were hydrothermally self-assembled. The morphology of the formed ZnO nano and microstructures could be easily tuned by varying the experimental parameters of the NaOH concentration. The crystal structure of samples was investigated by XRD, and the diffraction peaks were indexed to hexagonal wurtzite structure. A possible growth mechanism was proposed on the basis of the morphology evolution of nano and microstructures observed by SEM. Furthermore, the photoluminescence and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nano and microstructures were investigated. The results show that the ZnO microrods and microflowers exhibited higher photodegradation efficiency than that of ZnO nanorods, which maybe due to the exposed polar faces of better crystalline rather than the size of ZnO.
Influence of Mixing Time on Workability and Strength Properties of Concrete in Different Consistency
Authors: Fang Dong , Zhou Ming Kai , Wang Hua Gang
Published: March 2011

A series of experiment based on different mixing time were carried out to investigate the effect of mixing time on slump, modified VC value and strength properties of concrete in different consistency. The flexural strength, compressive strength on the conditions of highly stiff s, stiff and plastic system was studied. The optimized mixing time was determined and its reason was analyzed. The examination result show that the highly stiff concrete have the best performance when the mixing time is at about 120s, the stiff system is at 60s, the plastic system is at 30s.
Preparation and Properties of ZnTiNb2O8 Microwave Dielectric Cramics
Authors: Lei Yan , Yin Yan Sheng , Liu Ying Cai
Published: March 2011

The single phase of ZnTiNb2O8 ceramics was obtained at 1050 °C via traditional solid-state method. The formation of the ZnTiNb2O8 phase in the calcined powders has been investigated as a function of calcination conditions by XRD technique. Morphology and particle sizes have been determined via SEM technique. The microwave dielectric ceramics ZnTiNb2O8 which sintered at 1150°C exibit the best microwave properties: high permittivity (εr =34.2), high quality factor (Q*f = 28696 GHz), but very negative temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf = -75.841ppm/°C).
Effect of Anode-Cathode Spacing on Anodic Formation of Self-Organized TiO2 Nanotube Arrays
Authors: Liu Shi Kai , Yang Hai Bin , Zuo Hong Sen , Zou Wen Jun
Published: March 2011

We report on the effect of anode-cathode spacing on the fabrication of TiO2 nanotube arrays by using a facile two-electrode anodization system. The experimental results show that the formation of nanotubes is affected by the anode-cathode spacing and the possible mechanism is also discussed. The as-formed TiO2 nanotube arrays were mainly examined by using a field emission scanning electron microscope. The present results are believed to be generalized to fabricate self-organized oxide nanotube arrays in other anodizing systems.
Influence of Radial Load on PEEK Plastic Bearings Life Cycle under Water Lubricated Conditions
Authors: Koike Hitonobu , Honda Takashi , Kida Katsuyuki , Santos Edson Costa , Rozwadowska Justyna , Houri K. , Uryu M. , Kashima Yuji , Kanemasu Kenji
Published: March 2011

Radial ball bearings made of metal, ceramics and plastics are commonly used as important components in industrial machinery. Usage of high performance engineering plastic polymers is increasing progressively as a replacement for metal components due to the latest markets demands. Poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is a promising material for precision-machined custom bearings, products that are expected to suit special market needs. In the present study, PEEK radial ball bearings were manufactured by lathe machining under different parameters and their rolling contact fatigue (RCF) resistance under water lubricated conditions was investigated. We observed the surface of the bearings prior and after testing by laser confocal microscope. The wear loss was measured by weighing the bearings before and after test. Cracks and/or flaking failures were identified on the bearing surface after testing. From the RCF tests results, we found that, at water lubricated conditions, crack initiation occurred later in the material that was machined at slower feed rate while at dry condition, the feed rate had little influence on the wear loss and cracking. Wear loss in the case of bearings tested under water was much less severe than that of bearings tested at dry conditions.
Effect of Repeated Induction Heating on Fatigue Crack Propagation in SAE 52100 Bearing Steel
Authors: Koike Hitonobu , Santos Edson Costa , Kida Katsuyuki , Honda Takashi , Rozwadowska Justyna
Published: March 2011

Martensitic high carbon high strength SAE 52100 bearing steel is one of the main alloys used for rolling contact applications when high wear and fatigue resistance are required. Refining the microstructure of steel improves its mechanical properties (e.g. toughness). In this work SAE 52100 specimens were exposed to repeated induction heating process and rotation bending tests were performed using single- and repeatedly heat-treated material in order to investigate the influence of this cyclic heat treatment on the mechanical properties of SAE 52100. In an attempt to determine the effect of the repeated induction heating and quenching on the material, we focused our observations on the internal fatigue “fisheye" cracks. It was noted that crack propagation was successfully halted by the refined microstructure in heat affected zone, therefore it can be concluded that repeated induction heating and quenching processes help to slow down the propagation of fisheye cracks in SAE52100 steel bars.
Temperature Effect on Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn
Authors: Huang Rong Tan , Chen Wen Han , Tsay Lv Wen
Published: March 2011

Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn, β-phase titanium alloy, is subjected to study the temperature effects on microstructure and mechanical behavior by using different aging temperature (426 ∼ 600 oC) and high temperature (450oC) notched tensile test. It follows that the highest hardness of Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn would be got up to 420 Hv after 426 oC aging. Afterward, the hardness is decreasing with increasing aging temperature. By means of microstructure analyses, it reveals that the narrow and intragranular α-phase precipitates with lamella-shape in the grains at 426 oC aging treatment caused the age hardening of the titanium alloy. Subsequently, the α-phase precipitates were coarsening with increasing the aging temperature and showed the thick morphologies distributed along grain boundaries, which results in overaging. In the notched tensile test at 450oC, the highest notched tensile strength (1160 MPa) is also obtained after 426oC aging treatment, and then decreasing with increasing aging temperature. Its mechanical behavior is different from the room temperature notched tensile test, which demonstrates the lowest notched tensile strength (813 MPa) after 426 oC aging treatment due to the notched embrittlement effect. According to microstructure study, it suggests that the environment temperature effect enhanced the toughness of the alloy and terminated the notched embrittlement effect resulted from the 426oC aging treatment.
The Effect of Notch Processing on Fracture of High-Carbon Steel (C70S6)
Authors: Zhao Yong , Yang Shen Hua , Zheng Qi Feng
Published: March 2011

The effect of starting notch machining methods on fracture splitting of connecting rod was studied by axial tensile tests with single edge notch. The axial tensile specimens were made of the high carbon microalloyed steel (C70S6) which is now most widely used by the connecting rod of fracture splitting. The single edge notch of axial tensile specimens were respectively machined by laser notch、wire cut electrical discharge and broaching. The notch tip plastic deformation of specimens was compared by the fractography. The experimental results indicate that the specimens with laser notch can be fractured by the smallest axial tensile load which is respectively about 20% and 30% smaller than the fracture load of the specimens by wire cut electrical discharge and broaching. Considering the rich micro-local crack transformation hardened zones around the notch by laser the paper present the equivalent critical stress intensity factor KIcL which can be used to calculate the fracture load with laser notch.
The Crack-Tip Fields of Reissner’s Plates of Radial Functionally Graded Materials
Authors: Dai Yao , Liu Jun Feng , Zhang Peng
Published: March 2011

For homogeneous material plates and non-homogeneous material plates, the crack-tip field plays an important role in the research of fracture mechanics. However, the governing equations become the system of the sixth order partial differential ones with the variable coefficients when the material gradient is perpendicular to the thickness direction of plates. In this paper, they are derived first. Then, the crack-tip fields of the plates of radial functionally graded materials (FGMs) are studied and the higher order crack-tip fields are obtained based on the Reissner’s plate theory. The results show the effect of the non-homogeneity on the crack-tip fields explicitly and become the same as solutions of the homogeneous material plates as the non-homogeneous parameter approaches zero.
ECG Application to Remote Care System via Web-Based and Graphics Interface
Authors: Sung Wen Tsai , Chen Jui Ho , Chiang Yen Chun
Published: March 2011

This system was composed of independently developed ECG Signal Acquisition Model, DAQ Signal Acquisition Card, and the LabVIEW Graphics System. Regarding the ECG Signal Acquisition Model, this system uses the TL082 Operational Amplifier to realize the amplification, and uses the Filter Circuits along with the ISO122 to isolate IC. Regarding the ECG oscillogram display and ECG Signal Acquisition, the LabVIEW Graphics System developed by the American company “National Instruments” (NI) was adopted. Also, the LabVIEW system and the DAQ signal acquisition card of the Data Acquisition Package developed by the NI Company was adopted as well.The DAQ signal acquisition card can engage in A/D, DI/O, number counting and time counting applications. At last, it can use the TCP/IP Protocol to send the ECG waveform data by the internet to the computers with remote surveillance monitors. The remote surveillance computers can be installed in the hospital. Professional doctors in the hospital can observe the patient’s ECG waveform data and statistics, and engage in the job of remote care.
Powder Metallurgical Processing of Ti6Al4V Alloy
Authors: Liu Na , Li Zhou , Yuan Hua , Xu Wen Yong , Zhang Yong , Zhang Guo Qing
Published: March 2011

Ti6Al4V powders were produced by Argon gas atomization, the powder fraction ＜ 250μm was hot isostatically pressed (HIP) at 920°C and 140MPa. The properties of pre-alloyed powders and the compact were investigated in this paper. Powder particles are almost perfectly spherical. The microstructure of powder surface is approximate hexagonal cellular structure, the inner structure exhibits cellular αphase and needle-like martensiteα′ phase, these are resulting from the rapid solidification. After HIP, Ti6Al4V alloy has a Widmanstaten microstructure consisting of continuous grain boundary α（GBα）phase and β transformation structure, the grain size of GBα phase is in the range of 5～15μm . The tensile test at room temperature shows that strength of samples is 880MPa, the fracture surface exhibits obvious brittle cleavage fracture features including cleavage facets with river pattern and a few elongate dimples of different sizes and big voids at localized area.
Calculation of the Stress Intensity Factors for Elliptical Cracks Embedded in a Weld under Tensile Loading II：Double Cracks
Authors: Liu Xiao Yu , Qian Cai Fu , Li Hui Fang , Zheng Hui
Published: March 2011

In this paper, double embedded elliptical cracks in a weld of pressure vessels under tension was taken into consideration, and stress intensity factors at the crack tip were calculated with the emphasis on the interaction between cracks. It is found that when the distance between the double embedded elliptical cracks is larger than the major semi-axis of the ellipse, influence between the cracks can be neglected. Unlike the single embedded crack, owing to the crack interactions, the point with maximum stress intensity factor is not always at the end of the minor axis of the ellipse, it may swift to the end of major axis, especially when the ellipse is close to a circle.
The Establish and Analysis of the Quenching Residual Stress’ Function of the Club-Shaped Metal
Authors: Zheng Li Xuan , Zhao Wei , Zheng Yu Cai
Published: March 2011

With the development of fracturing mechanics, there has been growing recognition that the research on the residual stress of heat treatment becomes attractive. Metal cylinder as the research object, through upbuilding the mathmatic model and sovling the heat conduction equation, whose test data are regarded as the boundary condition can be used to get the distributing temperature function of the workpiece. From this function, it can be deducted the quenching residual stress functions of the club-shaped metal that is resulted from heat stress during quenching. The elastic-plastic transition temperature and elastic modulus which are measuerd can be used to get the calculated value of residual stress by this formula.
Solid-Phase Synthesis and Photocatalytic Property of Cobalt-Doped TiO2 Mesoporous Materials
Authors: Liu Shao You , Feng Qing Ge
Published: March 2011

Mesoporous cobalt-doped TiO2 (Co-TiO2) material has been synthesized by solid-state reaction route. The textural properties of the samples are monitored by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), Raman spectroscopy, N2-physisorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet visible light spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). It is shown that the mesoporous Co-TiO2 is consisted of polycrystalline with some amorphous mixture and trace cobalt oxide. Cobalt has been incorporated into the framework of anatase TiO2. The bending vibration at 1124 cm-1 of Co-O-Ti bond in mesoporous Co-TiO2 material is confirmed. Interestingly, it possesses a large BET surface area (97.6 m2/g) and a narrow distribution of pore size presenting a better photocatalytic reactivity for toluene oxidation. Within 150 min irradiation, the maximum conversion (95 mol%) of toluene oxidation is obtained.
Study of Space Big Aperture New Materials Mirror and its Technology
Authors: Gai Ke Rong , Niu Xiao Tie , Fang Tao
Published: March 2011

In order to keep step with new materials mirrors and its technology of developed of international space optics system, and promote research level of national new material mirror, the optimization methods of new mirror materials were introduced, and the application of new material mirrors was elaborated. The researching technologies and methods of new materials mirror substrate were recommended. The researching technologies and methods of new materials mirror were narrated. And at same time, the new materials mirror technology and directions of our country were pointed out.
Modal Analysis of Shaft Coupling
Authors: Li Xiao Ying , Zhang Deng Feng , Han Yan Bin
Published: March 2011

In shaft coupling, based on the finite element theory, stress distribution in shaft coupling can be obtained. After the shaft coupling is carried on the modal analysis, fifth-order inherent frequency from first-order to fifth-order can be calculated out. After modal of shaft coupling can be expanded, relative displacement vector sum and relative Von Mises stress mode of shaft coupling from first-order to fifth-order can be obtained.
Modification of Bisphenol A Dicyanate Ester Resin with Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone (K30)
Authors: Wang Jie Liang , Gu Ai Juan , Liang Guo Zheng
Published: March 2011

Poly vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP(K30)) / Bisphenol A Dicyanate ester (BADCy) blends were fabricated to increase the toughness of BADCy by blending processing in this paper. Curing parameters were determined by gelation time curves and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the systems. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and DSC data were employed to show the curing behavior and kinetics of the systems. Mechanical properties of the cured resin had been improved rapidly with the increasing of PVP(K30) at low mass fraction, but would decrease when mass fractions of PVP(K30) were higher than 15%. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) was applied to show the microstructures of the cured matrixes. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curves, water absorption curves, SEM images and dielectric properties of the blends, it can be concluded that the addition of PVP(K30) can improve the toughness of BADCy greatly with little loss of other properties.
Shear Behavior of Interior Joints with Different Depth Beams in RC Frame Structures
Authors: Wu Tao , Liu Xi , Xing Guo Hua , Liu Bo Quan
Published: March 2011

Six specimens of interior joints with different depth beams were tested under reversed cyclic loading. The failure characteristics and shear force versus shear angle skeleton curves of interior joints are analyzed. Based on the experimental study, an analytical model for equivalent joint core of abnormal joint under the combined action of axial load and shear is established, and the shear stress versus shear angle curves of equivalent joint core of tested specimens was calculated by using modified compression field theory (MCFT).Test results indicated that the first crack appeared in the minor core (determined by the low beam and the top column), and the final failure appeared in the large core (determined by the high beam and the bottom column). The critical crack load was quite nearly with the ultimate load of abnormal joints, and seismic behavior of beam-column joint sub-assemblage was poorer than that of ordinary joints. Good agreement between experimental results and prediction results is achieved.
Tobacco Pest Monitoring Feasibility Analysis Based on RS
Authors: Wang Mei , Li Xin Ju , Lu Yan Yan , Guo Shu Li
Published: March 2011

As one of the most important economic crops, tobacco is often endangered by pest disaster, which can lower the quality and output of tobacco, traditional methods can’t forecast pest disaster in time for the quantity of tobacco. This article analyzes the theory of remote sensing monitor and comes up to monitor tobacco diseases with remote sensing. It discusses the feasibility of using this technique in this article by introducing the basic theory of RS and monitoring other pest disaster.
Study on Anti-Seismic Performance of Steel Storage Shelves
Authors: Huang Hai Ming , Jiao Wen
Published: March 2011

The analysis for structural seismic response is a mechanics foundation of earthquake resistance design and seismic prevention. In the study, we make normal mode analysis on the steel storage shelve by using the finite element method and obtain the top 100 order natural frequencies and modes, then combine with the mode decomposition response spectrum method to get the maximum tensile stress, compressive stress and shear stress of the beams and columns. Compared with relevant provisions of GB 50011-2001 and GB50018-2002, it is verified that the strength and stiffness of the steel storage shelve beams and columns are in line with anti-seismic requirements.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Study of the Effect of Curing on Property of Vinyltriethoxysilane Films on Carbon Steel Surfaces
Authors: Zhang Xu Ming , Huang Li Juan , Ying Yue Jun , Liu Chun Ming
Published: March 2011

Silane treatment has been applied as a chromium free multi-metal surface treatment for its characteristics of corrosion protection. Silane film curing process is one of the most important variables, the effect of curing temperature and time on the corrosion resistance of vinyltriethoxysilane(VTES) film was studied combined with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the curing temperature and time affect condensation of silanol groups Si-OH in silane films and forming intermediate layer at the silane film/substrate interface, and as a consequence influences the corrosion resistance of VTES films.
Ab Inito Study of Absorption Spectra in Ultra Small Diameter Single Walled Boron Nanotubes
Authors: Jain Sandeep Kumar , Srivastava Pankaj
Published: March 2011

We have investigated the absorption spectra in ultra small diameter single walled boron nanotubes for parallel and perpendicular polarized light as well as unpolarized light. In this paper we have studied absorption spectra for armchair (3,3),zigzag (5,0) and chiral (4,2) boron nanotubes containing 12, 20 and 56 atoms respectively. It is observed that absorption is highest for armchair followed by zigzag and chiral nanotubes. It is also found that absorption is higher for (3,3) and (5,0) nanotubes for perpendicular polarized light as compared to parallel polarized light, whereas chiral nanotube shows higher and wide range of absorption for parallel polarized light instead of perpendicular polarized light. We have compared our results with SWCNT and SWBNNT of same chiral vectors.
Properties of Random PSF/PES Copolymers as High-Performance Polymers
Authors: Jiang Dong , Zhang Xiao Ran , Ma Yan Mei , Ma Cheng You
Published: March 2011

A series of random polysulfone/polyethersulfone (PSF/PES) copolymers were synthesized by the polycondensation of 4, 4'-isopropylidendiphenol, 4, 4΄-dihyolroxy diphenyl sulfone and 4, 4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone in the presence of K2CO3. We obtained a series of copolymers by changing the molar ratio of 4, 4΄-dihyolroxy diphenyl sulfone and 4, 4'-isopropylidendiphenol (it was marked as the ratio of S:A). The copolymers have the similar solubility with polyethersulfone. They also have high glass transition temperatures (Tg: 199°C~229°C) and 5% weight loss temperatures (4, 4'-isopropylidendiphenol: 4, 4΄-dihyolroxy diphenyl sulfone=1:1, Td5=497°C). At the same time the elongation at break is much higher than that of PES, while the tensile strength is a little lower than that of PES.
Research of Microstructure and Property of Laser Alloying on the Surface of P20 Steel Compared with Nitriding
Authors: Zhang Wei , Jiang Li Zheng , Wang Rui Quan , Lin Bo
Published: March 2011

The experiment of laser alloying on the surface of P20 steel was made. Tungsten carbide (WC) powder was used as alloying material. The microstructure and property of laser alloying layer and nitriding layer are studied. The research showed that laser alloying layer had better properties such as minute crystals, deeper layer, higher hardness and good metallurgical bonding with base metal. The average hardness of alloying zone was 600HV0.2. The average hardness of phase-change hard zone was 450HV0.2. P20 steel was widely used in the field of plastic mold manufacture, especially mold core and cavity. Abrasion, corrosion and pressure resulted in change of mold size and shape which could greatly affect molding precision. Using laser alloying, the good wear layer would be made on the surface of p20 steel and would greatly increase the mold useful life.
Research on Fully Mechanized Coal Face Hydraulic Support Selection Based on the Testing Principle of Floor Specific Pressure
Authors: Ma Nian Jie , Zhao Guo Dong , Ju Chun Lei , Jiang Wei , Li Chong
Published: March 2011

Interaction between coal face hydraulic support and floor is the crucial point for surrounding rock control in coal face and hydraulic support design optimization. Based on the principle of floor specific pressure testing, mechanized coal face hydraulic support parameters are tracked and such mechanical parameters as allowable specific pressure of floor strata are measured, in accordance with which this paper studies on the surrounding rock control in coal face and hydraulic support selection in fully mechanized coal face.
The Electronic Structures and Magnetic Properties of Co(endi)2(N3)2
Authors: Wang Zhong Long , Xu Hui Jin , Yao Kai Lun
Published: March 2011

The electronic structures and magnetic properties of the compound Co(endi)2(N3)2 are studied by means of the first-principles method. According to the calculations, there is ferromagnetic interaction in the compound, and the magnetic coupling comes from the spin delocalization effect from Co2+ to the azide ligand. It is found that there is strong intralayer and weak interlayer magnetic couplings in the compound. It also reveals semi-metallically magnetic properties.
Numerical Analysis about Flexural Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Beams by Bolting Steel Plates
Authors: Liu Xiao Dan , Hao Sheng Wang , Li Yan Yan
Published: March 2011

This paper presents a three-dimensional nonlinear finite elemental analysis about the reinforcement concrete beams strengthened by bolting steel plate, which is a new strengthening method by anchoring plate to beam surface but not using any glue to help bonding. The contact effects between the steel plate with reinforced concrete beam surface was simulated by developing the contact elements. The effects of the plate thickness and the collocation of anchor bolts were investigated. The damage evolution about variable collocation of anchor bolts were investigated. It is declared that the collocation of anchor bolts play an obvious effects on the flexural capacity of strengthened beams, but the plate thickness give a little influence on it.
Microstructure Characterization of Hot Extruded 7075 Al Bar with Different Passes and Temperatures
Authors: Yang Yong Biao , Zhang Zhi Min , Meng Mu
Published: March 2011

The influence of temperatures and passes on hot extruded 7075 Al bar were investigated using hydraulic press. The microstructures were observed using optical microscopy. The results showed that the as received AL bar consists of lamellar grain structures, and that equiaxed mixed grain size were observed with different passes at 320°C. Continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) is responsible for the formation of small grain. The large grain tends to increases with more passes due to longer holding time. CDRX were observed for one pass only at 480°C. Lamellar grain structures were formed with different passes at 480°C.The lamellar grain structures are aligned at 50° to 70° to compression direction from one pass to four passes.
Size-Dependence of Effective Anisotropy and Coercivity in Nanocomposite Permanent Magnetic Materials
Authors: Guo Jia Jun , Wang Zhong Wei , Zhang Jian , Li Hong Wei , Zhao Xu , Chen Wei
Published: March 2011

Take into account different degree of exchange-coupling interaction between soft and hard grains, the effective anisotropy and coercivity in nanocomposite permanent magnetic materials has been investigated by adopting a statistical average physical model. The calculated results show a strong dependence of effective anisotropy and coercivity on the grain size in these materials. Using this model, the serious deterioration of coercivity in experiments especially when the grain size is less then 15nm could be explained in terms of the dramatic drop of the effective anisotropy in nanocomposites.
Pulse-Laser-Crystallization of Amorphous Nd3.7Pr3.4Dy0.9Fe86B5Nb1
Authors: Guo Jia Jun , Wang Zhong Wei , Zhang Jian , Zhao Xu , Chen Wei
Published: March 2011

The pulse-laser-crystallization (PLC) technique was applied to Nd3.7Pr3.4Dy0.9Fe86B5Nb1 amorphous ribbons. After irradiation with a 248nm KrF pulse excimer laser at a fequency of 15Hz for 1 min, the Nd3.7Pr3.4Dy0.9Fe86B5Nb1 amorphous ribbons crystallized into the homogeneous Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe nanocomposite permanent magnetic materials with an average grain size around 26nm. The obtained coercivity, remanence, and (BH)max values were 6.6 K, 1.23 T, and 18.5 MGOe, respectively.