bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ontogeny, evolution and palaeogeographic distribution of the world’s largest ammonite Parapuzosia (P.) seppenradensis (Landois, 1895)
Authors: Ifrim Christina , Stinnesbeck Wolfgang , González González Arturo H. , Schorndorf Nils , Gale Andrew S.
Published: November 2021

The world’s largest ammonite, Parapuzosia (P.) seppenradensis (Landois, 1895), fascinated the world ever since the discovery, in 1895, of a specimen of 1.74 metres (m) diameter near Seppenrade in Westfalia, Germany, but subsequent findings of the taxon are exceedingly rare and its systematic position remains enigmatic. Here we revise the historical specimens and document abundant new material from England and Mexico. Our study comprises 154 specimens of large (< 1 m diameter) to giant (> 1m diameter) Parapuzosia from the Santonian and lower Campanian, mostly with stratigraphic information. High-resolution integrated stratigraphy allows for precise cross-Atlantic correlation of the occurrences. Our specimens were analysed regarding morphometry, growth stages and stratigraphic occurrence wherever possible. Our analysis provides insight into the ontogeny of Parapuzosia (P.) seppenradensis and into the evolution of this species from its potential ancestor P. (P.) leptophylla Sharpe, 1857. The latter grew to shell diameters of about 1 m and was restricted to Europe in the early Santonian, but it reached the Gulf of Mexico during the late Santonian. P. (P.) seppenradensis first appears in the uppermost Santonian- earliest Campanian on both sides of the Atlantic. Initially, it also reached diameters of about 1 m, but gradual evolutionary increase in size is seen in the middle early Campanian to diameters of 1.5 to 1.8 m. P. (P.) seppenradensis is characterized by five ontogenetic growth stages and by size dimorphism. We therefore here include the many historic species names used in the past to describe the morphological and size variability of the taxon. The concentration of adult shells in small geographic areas and scarcity of Parapuzosia in nearby coeval outcrop regions may point to a monocyclic, possibly even semelparous reproduction strategy in this giant cephalopod. Its gigantism exceeds a general trend of size increase in late Cretaceous cephalopods. Whether the coeval increase in size of mosasaurs, the top predators in Cretaceous seas, caused ecological pressure on Parapuzosia towards larger diameters remains unclear.
The effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy and functionality in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: dos Santos Leonardo Peterson , Santo Rafaela Cavalheiro do Espírito , Ramis Thiago Rozales , Portes Juliana Katarina Schoer , Chakr Rafael Mendonça da Silva , Xavier Ricardo Machado
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and osteoarthritis(OA) patients showed systemic manifestations that may lead to a reduction in muscle strength, muscle mass and, consequently, to a reduction in functionality. On the other hand, moderate intensity resistance training(MIRT) and high intensity resistance training(HIRT) are able to improve muscle strength and muscle mass in RA and OA without affecting the disease course. However, due to the articular manifestations caused by these diseases, these patients may present intolerance to MIRT or HIRT. Thus, the low intensity resistance training combined with blood flow restriction(LIRTBFR) may be a new training strategy for these populations.

Objective

To perform a systematic review with meta-analysis to verify the effects of LIRTBFR on muscle strength, muscle mass and functionality in RA and OA patients.

Materials and methods

A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials(RCTs), published in English, between 1957–2021, was conducted using MEDLINE(PubMed), Embase and Cochrane Library. The methodological quality was assessed using Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB2.0. Mean difference(MD) or standardized mean difference(SMD) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) were pooled using a random-effects model. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Five RCTs were included. We found no significant differences in the effects between LIRTBFR, MIRT and HIRT on muscle strength, which was assessed by tests of quadriceps strength(SMD = -0.01[-0.57, 0.54], P = 0.96; I² = 58%) and functionality measured by tests with patterns similar to walking(SMD = -0.04[-0.39, 0.31], P = 0.82; I² = 0%). Compared to HIRT, muscle mass gain after LIRTBFR was reported to be similar. When comparing LIRTBFR with low intensity resistance training without blood flow restriction(LIRT), the effect LIRTBFR was reported to be higher on muscle strength, which was evaluated by the knee extension test.

Conclusion

LIRTBFR appears to be a promising strategy for gains in muscle strength, muscle mass and functionality in a predominant sample of RA and OA women.
Percepciones de los docentes sobre la implementación de TIC con estudiantes que presentan Trastorno del Espectro Autista
Authors: Raposo-Rivas Manuela , Martínez-Figueira Esther , Cortizo Carballo Maria
Published: November 2021

Las TIC se han integrado a pasos agigantados en la educación, particularmente en la atención a la diversidad y los procesos de inclusión, siendo una línea de investigación en auge. Se realiza un estudio descriptivo para constatar la percepción de los docentes especialistas sobre el uso de recursos tecnológicos con el Trastorno de Espectro Autista (TEA), así como las medidas necesarias para poder implementarlos. Se recoge información aplicando un cuestionario en centros educativos especializados y asociaciones profesionales. Han participado 26 docentes vinculados con dicho colectivo. Los resultados muestran: una visión positiva del profesorado hacia la utilización de estos recursos, una cierta carencia de infraestructuras, al mismo tiempo que se demanda formación y colaboración. Se concluye constatando la necesidad de apoyo económico, así como capacitación del profesorado y de sensibilización dirigidos a las familias, relacionados con las TIC en la atención a la diversidad en general y particularmente con TEA.
Abordagem Educacional de Reggio Emilia para a Primeira Infância
Authors: Pereira Jorgiana Ricardo
Published: November 2021

O ensaio objetiva provocar reflexões acerca do que podemos aprender com a abordagem de Reggio Emilia para a Educação Infantil e corroborar para que esta aprendizagem inspire a realização de ações que impulsionem a efetivação do direito das crianças de aprender e se desenvolver com bem-estar, por meio de suas comunicações e experiências concretas, realizadas a partir de suas múltiplas linguagens no cotidiano de creches e pré-escolas. O ensaio resulta de estudos teóricos desenvolvidos em uma pesquisa de doutorado que teve como objeto de estudo a Pedagogia em contextos de Educação Infantil. A Pedagogia Participativa desenvolvida em Reggio Emilia foi se compondo como uma Pedagogia da Relação e da Escuta, afirmativa de um sistema de relações e comunicação recíprocas que convidou o mundo a olhar “com olhos de criança” para as mais de “cem linguagens da criança” e para seus direitos.
Philosophical remarks about educational materials
Authors: Theodoropoulou Elena
Published: November 2021

The connection between a non philosophical work and its reception in education through its transformation into a learning/teaching material and a possible philosophical reading, in order to recognize and define the philosophical stance of this very material, could not but be a challenge for philosophy of education itself, namely, in its relation to (or as) practical philosophy. This kind of reduction to the state of material could instrumentalize the latter raising practical, ethical and methodological issues about the pedagogical intention itself; subsequently, the art, literature, philosophy, and science lying behind materials become equally instrumentalized and evacuated. This article attempts, on the one hand, to circumscribe and describe this movement of “becoming material” as a question philosophically and pedagogically challenging and, on the other, to reflect about a critical understanding of this very question as an example of research in practical philosophy.
Ippone l’ateo e la storia dell’umido
Authors: Casertano Giovanni
Published: November 2021

A dispetto della stroncatura di Aristotele, Ippone, nel V secolo a.C., si dimostra un pensatore ben inserito nelle correnti culturali più vive ed interessanti del suo secolo. Accomunato ai Milesi per aver posto l’acqua come principio di tutte le cose, è stato considerato anche un pitagorico per aver affermato l’importanza del gioco dei contrari nel nascere e nell’evolversi delle cose. In realtà, queste caratterizzazioni si dimostrano piuttosto generiche, e l’appartenenza a questa o a quella scuola non dà ragione della specificità della sua posizione nell’ambiente culturale mediterraneo e magno-greco, specificità ben rinvenibile anche nella scarsezza delle testimonianze. Più che l’acqua, per Ippone, ammesso che abbia voluto stabilire un’arché di tutte le cose, è l’umido a giocare un ruolo fondamentale nell’essere e nel divenire delle cose. In questo articolo si tenta anche di tracciare un profilo della storia dell’umido, dai Milesi a Eraclito, ad Alcmeone, a Diogene di Apollonia, fino a Democrito. E si vuole inoltre sottolineare come esso rientri anche nel campo specifico delle sue riflessioni, incentrate soprattutto nel campo biologico ed embriologico, riflessioni sempre obbedienti, più che a teorie generali, all’osservazione dell’esperienza concreta.
Comparative study utilizing different post-breeding treatment regimens in cyclic Arabian mares
Authors: Karam Khalid Mohammed , Alebady Ahmed Saed , Alhilfi Haitham O. , Al-Delemi Dhia Hussain
Published: November 2021

Background and Aim: Post-breeding treatment is the most common practice in the reproductive management of mares. Oxytocin, uterine lavage, and intrauterine (I/U) antibiotic are usually used as prophylactic therapy. This study aimed to determine the most efficient prophylactic treatment regimen among six treatment protocols applied during natural breeding of cyclic Arabian mares.

Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted on cyclic Arabian mares that were subdivided into three age categories (n=968): Category I (5-10 years, n=380), Category II (11-15 years, n=361), and Category III (≥16 years, n=227). Six prophylactic treatments were applied after 4 h of breeding. According to the treatment regimen, treated mares (n=483) were divided into six treatment groups: A (n=80), treated with I/U antibiotic (1 g gentamicin); B (n=81), I/U lavage (normal saline 500 mL); C (n=83), intramuscular (I/M) oxytocin (10 IU); D (n=82), I/U antibiotic and I/M oxytocin; E (n=78), I/U lavage and I/M oxytocin; and F (n=79), I/U lavage with I/U antibiotic and I/M oxytocin. Non-treated mares were classified as controls (n=485). Ultrasonography was performed to monitor pregnant mares 30 and 60 days after mating, and mares were followed until foaling.

Results: Pregnancy and foaling results reveals that in age Category I, treatment with oxytocin alone or oxytocin with I/U lavage showed the highest pregnancy and foaling rates (p<0.01). In age Category II, the highest pregnancy and foaling rates were observed in lavage treatment (p<0.01), whereas, in age Category III, the good pregnancy and foaling rates were monitored in treatment with oxytocin and I/U lavage (p<0.01).

Conclusion: Treatment with systemic I/M oxytocin is ideal in early age group mares (5-10 years of age). However, irrespective of the age categories, all mares exhibited high pregnancy and foaling rates after treatment with systemic I/M oxytocin and I/U lavage with normal saline (0.9%) 4 h post-breeding.
Transcutaneous application of ultrasound enhances the effects of finasteride in a murine model of androgenic alopecia
Authors: Kim Jaeho , Kim Hyun-Chul , Kowsari Kavin , Yoon Kyungho , Yoo Seung-Schik
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate if transcutaneous application of low-intensity ultrasound can locally enhance the effects of finasteride on hair growth in a murine model of androgenic alopecia (AA).Methods: AA mice (injected twice per week with testosterone enanthate, n=11), under daily oral administration of finasteride, received 1-MHz ultrasound for 1 hour at the unilateral thigh area five times per week for 5 weeks. Non-thermal and non-cavitational ultrasound was delivered in a pulsed manner (55-ms pulse duration with a repetition frequency of 4 Hz). Skin temperature was measured during sonication, and the measurements were validated with numerical simulations of sonication-induced tissue temperature changes. Hair growth was assessed both photographically and histologically.Results: We found more hair growth on the sonicated thigh area than on the unsonicated thigh, beginning from week 3 through the end of the experiment. Histological analyses showed that the number of hair follicles doubled in the skin sections that received sonication compared to the unsonicated zone, with thicker follicular diameter and skin. An over five-fold increase was also observed in the anagen/telogen ratio in the sonicated area, suggesting an enhanced anagen phase. Skin temperature was unaltered by the administered sonication.Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that pulsed application of ultrasound promotes hair growth, potentially by disrupting the binding of albumin to finasteride. This may suggest further applications to enhance the pharmacological effects of other relevant drugs exhibiting high plasma protein binding.
O conceito de Identidade/Subjetividade e o processo de adoção de crianças indígenas no Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: De Melo Sílvia Mara
Published: November 2021

A partir de um olhar discursivo, propomos selecionar notícias veiculadas na mídia relacionadas ao processo de adoção de crianças indígenas na cidade de Dourados, região do Mato Grosso do Sul. Devido às contradições e polêmica envolvendo esse tema, propomos refletir acerca dos sentidos de Identidade e Subjetivação tendo como aporte teórico para sustentar nossa análise os dizeres de autores que se filiam tanto à tendência discursiva de base Foucaultiana quanto Pecheutiana. Dialogamos também com os autores dos estudos culturais, tais como Stuart Hall (2006) e Katryn Woodward (2014). Nossa hipótese é de que os sentidos de Identidade cultural que aparecem em enunciados jornalísticos, os quais foram reportados tanto da FUNAI quanto da Vara da Infância e Juventude, não se sustentam, diante da problemática envolvendo os sujeitos indígenas “sobreviventes” na região do Mato Grosso do Sul. Nossas reflexões apontam para um entendimento de que o processo de Identidade/Subjetividade se marca pela cristalização de estereótipos e preconceitos.
Dizeres sobre mulheres
Authors: Picagevicz Ana Paula , De Chaves Bortolin Andriele , Gomes Ferreira Oliveira Isabela Karolina
Published: November 2021

Considerando que há, atualmente, um culto ao corpo tido como “ideal” (leia-se magro), procuramos refletir, neste estudo, sobre o padrão corporal imposto à mulher. Nesse cenário, destacamos a mulher negra e gorda, pois entendemos que esse sujeito encontra em sua forma física mais um meio de preconceito e discriminação. Assim sendo, objetivamos analisar, a partir do aporte teórico-metodológico da Análise de Discurso de orientação francesa, como os sujeito-mulher e os seus corpos são atravessados, de modo incisivo, pelos ditames de uma sociedade patriarcal e capitalista. Para isso, recortamos, como corpus, enunciados presentes no curta-metragem “Gorda”, disponível no YouTube, uma vez que se parte do princípio de que os dizeres que lá circulam, ainda que tentem romper com os paradigmas do corpo “perfeito”, revelam dificuldade de aceitação. Assim, entendemos que esses discursos mais reafirmam do que rompem barreiras para a “quebra” de padrões. Diante disso, os conceitos de Ideologia, Condições de Produção, Formação Discursiva, Formação Ideológica e Memória Discursiva foram mobilizados para ancorar teoricamente a discussão, pois compreendemos que, por meio deles, é possível perceber como os valores socioculturalmente instituídos são (re)produzidos discursivamente.
Corpo, estupro e processo de não-nomeação em Cidade de Deus
Authors: Surubi Fernandes Fernanda , Maluf Souza Olimpia
Published: November 2021

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o funcionamento discursivo do estupro em Cidade de Deus, a partir do dispositivo teórico e metodológico da Análise de Discurso. Ao observar o discurso fílmico, compreendemos que a relação sujeito e corpo constitui um olhar sobre a violência contra a mulher, materializando no filme, pela cena do estupro e pelo processo de não-nomeação, a interdição do desejo feminino, da opressão sofrida pela mulher, da objetificação dos corpos e das relações de força, que se marcam pela divisão dos sentidos.
Improvement ability of male parent by gibberellic acid application to enhancing the outcrossing of cytoplasmic male sterility rice lines
Authors: HAMAD Hassan , GEWAILY Elsayed , GHONEIM Adel , SHEHAB Mohamed , EL-KHOLLY Neama
Published: November 2021

The study quantified the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) as a pre-flowering treatment for male parent Giza 178 R and the influence of male to female ratio (2R:10A, 2R:12A, 2R:14A and 2R:16A) between male (R) to female (A) for two Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) lines (‘IR69625’ and ‘G46’) on hybrid rice seed production. The main plots were occupied by CMS lines while; GA3 application for male parent Giza 178R were arranged in the sub plots and male to female ratio was arranged in the sub-sub plots. The results indicated that, the, duration of floret opening, angle of floret opening, filaments exsertion, filaments length, anther length, plant height and number of tiller hill-1 of male parent Giza 178R were significantly at 300 g GA3 ha-1 concentration. Plant height, panicle exsertion, panicle length, flag leaf angle and 1000-grain mass of CMS were not significantly affected by the GA3 application for male parent and male to female ratio, while, number of fertile panicles hill-1, panicle mass, seed set, seed yield and harvest index of CMS lines were highly significantly affected. The highest seed yield (2.880 and 2.950 t ha-1) was obtained by CMS line IR69625A using 300 g GA3 ha-1 of male parent Giza 178R with male to female ratio of 2R:14A during both seasons.
Investigation about wetting ability (surface tension) of water used for preparation of pesticide solutions
Authors: GANCHEV Donyo Hristov
Published: November 2021

The investigation about surface tension of water used for preparation of pesticide solutions reveals it is quite diverse and changeable without any logical correlation towards location, time, and type of water source. Moreover, spraying with solutions with lower surface tension give bigger flow rates due to the lower resistance of fluid to the nozzles. The conducted trials show that plant surfaces with more rough texture require to be sprayed with pesticide solutions with lower surface tension. The wax content of the surfaces has no significant impact on surface tension requirement.
Phosphate fertilization regulates arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in roots of soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars in a humid tropical soil
Authors: ADEYEMI Nurudeen Olatunbosun , ONI Olanrewaju Emmanuel , SOREMI Paul Abayomi Sobowale , ADEBIYI Ademola , OLUBODE Adebanke , AJAO Olufemi
Published: November 2021

The effect of phosphate fertilization on arbuscular mycorhizal symbiosis and grain yields of soybean cultivars was investigated on P deficient soil. A two-year field study (2017-2018) consisting of two soybean cultivars (TGx 1448-2E and TGx 1440-1E) and three phosphate rates [0, 20 and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1) was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that P fertilization significantly (p < 0.001) reduced AMF root colonization of both cultivars in the two cropping years. The arbuscular, vesicular, internal hyphae and total colonization in the root cortex of the soybean cultivars were significantly (p < 0.001) reduced with high P (40 kg) application. However, moderate P (20 kg) promote AMF symbiosis in roots of ‘TG x 1448-2E‘. Dry mass (root and shoot), P uptake and grain yield of the soybean cultivars were significantly (p < 0.001) increased with increasing P ferilization. There was a strong linear relationships between root colonization and total dry matter mass (r = 0.81), P uptake (r = 0.81) and grain yield (r = 0.85). Thus, it could be concluded that moderate P fertilizer application is needed to promote mycorrhizal symbiosis in soybean and sustainable crop production in humid tropical soil.
Response of onion crop to bulb set size and planting date under mulching in dry Mediterranean environment
Authors: MUBARAK Ibrahim
Published: November 2021

The present pot experiment under open field conditions was conducted to evaluate the response of onion crop to bulb set size and planting date using mulching. Two different sizes of onion sets at planting (large (6-10 g) and small (2-6 g)) and three different planting dates (February, March, and April) with two soil coverings (with and without straw mulching) were tested. Treatments were replicated three times. Onion was not exposed to any drought stress during the course of the experiment.Results indicated that the larger bulb sets which were planted earlier under mulching, maximised the total bulb yield (Yield, 44.0 t ha-1), water use efficiency (WUE, 8.37 kg m-3), and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE, 9.57 kg m-3). Moreover, findings revealed that onion crop appreciably respond to smaller bulb sets when they were planted earlier under mulching. Onion bulb responses were predicted to be linearly increased with the earliness in planting date, with an obvious better preference under mulching and heavier bulb sets. Hence, adopting early planting date with mulching is suggested for sustainable crop production and for enhancing water use efficiency in dry Mediterranean area.
Compare of Food Habit and Nutritional Status of Rural Male and Female
Authors: Rahman Redwan , Sheema Mahfuza Khanom
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

There is a big difference between male and female in the rural environment of Bangladesh and the aim of this eating habits and nutritional status. The study was conducted through 384 respondents from 9 villages in Ishwardi, Pabna; a north-western district of Bangladesh. The research has done on the food habits of the middle and lower class people of the villages. And some informations are collected from the different sources. In the research 73.44% of male earn more than 24 thousand BDT per month when only 43.32% female are earning more than 24 thousand BDT. Most of the female are housewives and male are service holder. 44.79% male  are service holder on the other hand 4.69% female are service holder. Rice is the main food for Bangladesh. So, most of the people have rice on daily three times. 37.80% of female and 66.98% of male are having rice. Ruti is the second priority food, female take this food 0.56% and male take 7.55% for 2 days. 63.33% female take egg, on the other hand 58.07% male take egg per week.  3.2% female her meal last of all and 1.5% female take it first of all. On the other hand 6.25% male take their meal first of all and 3.39% male take their meal last of all. Most of the female are normal having BMI 89.06% on the other hand male are overweight 78.18%. In the light of the study the eating habits of male and female in Bangladesh have improved but it has not yet affected everyone.
O strukturze świata w narracyjnych grach wideo
Authors: Maj Krzysztof M.
Published: November 2021

The article On the structure of gameworld in narrative video games proposes to introduce the term ‘ludotopia’ to Polish game studies in order to further compartmentalise the structure of video gameworld. Having reflected on the consequences of so-called world-centered turn in contemporary digital humanities, the author proceeds to defining archetypal structures that compose realities designed for the purposes of narrative video games, namely: locations and clusters of locations, the latter divided further into biomes and anthromes. The hierarchy introduced thereby is presented as an alternative for already influential (though, arguably, in transmedial world-building studies rather than game studies) trichotomy of mythos, topos, and ethos, as defined by Lisbeth Klastrup and Susana Tosca. In the end, the article cross-references the new structural hierarchy of ludotopographical components with a matrix of popular fantastic settings, seeking to delineate possible similarities between ludotopias and allotopias that would inform both game scholars and game designers on the ways of rapid prototyping of aesthetically diverse imaginary worlds.
Gry pamięci. Valiant Hearts: The Great War i My Memory of Us w perspektywie kultury historycznej
Authors: Pigulak Marcin
Published: November 2021

The paper aims to outline how video games Valiant Hearts: The Great War (Ubisoft Montpellier, 2014) and My Memory of Us (Juggler Games, 2018) use narrative and ludic structures to create commemorative stories about the First World War and the Second World War. The author refer to the concept of historical culture (among others, in Jörn Rüsen’s interpretation) and examine the connections between the two video games focusing on the issue of designers’ intentions (digital games as examples of the commemoration of the past), the genre similarity (2D platform games), the intermedial convergence and the press reception. He discusses the strategy of the cultural agreement between designers and users, analyzes historical narratives as a part of the gameplay, examines relations between the individual and collective’s perspective and characterizes immersion’s mechanisms which reinforce players’ identification with the victims of both wars.
The experience and exploration of worlds in single-player video games
Authors: Wolf Mark J.P
Published: November 2021

The author indicates a few of the most common experiences that are encountered, particularly in single-player open-world games where exploration of the world plays a large part of the enjoyment of a game. The experiences mentioned in the essay are: arrival in the world, the gaining of an objective, the revelation of the expansiveness of the world, the first contact with the world’s residents, world routines, travel to the world’s boundaries, and the completist’s exhaustion of the world when one has seen and experienced everything.
Peasant Oaths, Furious Icons and the Quest for Agency: Tracing Subaltern Politics in Tsarist Georgia on the Eve of the 1905 Revolution. Part II: Agents and Items of (Counter)Insurgent Political Theology on the Imperial Borderland
Authors: Nakhutsrishvili Luka
Published: November 2021

This two-part transdisciplinary article elaborates on the autobiographical account of the Georgian Social-Democrat Grigol Uratadze regarding the oath pledged by protesting peasants from Guria in 1902. The oath inaugurated their mobilization in Tsarist Georgia in 1902, culminating in full peasant self-rule in the “Gurian Republic” by 1905. The study aims at a historical-anthropological assessment of the asymmetries in the alliance formed by peasants and the revolutionary intelligentsia in the wake of the oath as well as the tensions that crystallized around the oath between the peasants and Tsarist officials. In trying to recover the traces of peasant politics in relation to multiple hegemonic forces in a modernizing imperial borderland, the article invites the reader to reconsider the existing assumptions about historical agency, linguistic conditions of subjectivity, and the relationship between politics and the material and customary dimensions of religion. The ultimate aim is to set the foundations for a future subaltern reading of the practices specific to the peasant politics in the later “Gurian Republic”. The second part of the article delves into Uratadze’s account of the aftermath of the inaugural oath and the conflicts it triggered between peasants, intelligentsia and the Tsarist administration.
“Woman Suffrage Would Undermine the Stable Foundation on Which Democratic Government is Based”: British Democratic Antisuffragists, 1904–1914
Authors: Bonin Hugo
Published: November 2021

From 1904 to 1914, the British debate on women’s suffrage was at its height. Suffragism has been the subject of numerous studies, however, few have paid attention to its opponent, “antisuffragism”. This article focuses on antisuffragists’ speeches, pamphlets and books to examine their uses of “democracy” and grasp the conceptual struggles at play. Most “Antis” painted women’s suffrage as a step towards a degenerate democratic society. However, more surprisingly, some also mobilised the democratic vocabulary positively, as a reason to disallow women the vote. Several authors considered that “democracy” rested on the capacity of the majority to impose its decisions through physical force–thus rendering a government elected by women impotent. Politicians also opposed granting women suffrage on a censorial basis since it went against the “democratic spirit of the time”. These findings demonstrate the increased importance of “democracy” in Britain and how a “conservative subversion” of the concept was attempted.
The Transfigurations of Spacetime: The Concept of Tabor in the Hussite Revolution and its Implications for Philosophy of History
Authors: Kowalewski Jakub
Published: November 2021

In this paper, I aim to show how medieval political theology and contemporary philosophy of history can inform one another. To do so, I examine the concept of Tabor–a notion which emerges among the radical Hussites, known as the Taborites, during the Hussite revolution in medieval Bohemia. I believe that the politico-theological concept of Tabor puts into question modern philosophies which think of history in terms of time, by clearly showing the insufficiency of a purely temporal approach to historical ideas and experiences. To successfully articulate the Taborite concept, we must understand history as structured not only by time but also by space and ideology. Conversely, a historical study guided by the philosophical categories of ideology, space, and time can expand our understanding of Hussite political theology by revealing notions and experiences which cannot be identified by an exclusively ideological, or solely spatial or temporal, analysis.
Niechciana genealogia, rec. książki: Wojciech Paszyński, Wandalia. Najstarsza wizja pradziejów Polski
Authors: Ciesielski Mariusz
Published: November 2021

Wojciech Paszyński, Wandalia. Najstarsza wizja pradziejów Polski
Salgın Döneminde Güvenlik Devletinin Dönüşümü
Authors: İpek Taşkın Toprak
Published: November 2021

Covid-19 salgını devletin tanımı ve işlevi üzerinde yeni bir kırılma noktası yaratmıştır. Bu kırılma noktası, geçen yüzyılın son çeyreğinden beri dünya genelinde egemen makro-ekonomik ve toplumsal sistem olan neoliberalizmin sıklaşan bunalımlarını gözler önüne sermiştir. Özelleştirme ve serbestleştirme aracılığıyla kar maksimizasyonuna dayanan bu sistem, bölgesel ve küresel çapta yaşadığı bunalımların etkisiyle çeşitli toplumsal protestolara ortam hazırlamıştır. Neoliberal devlet, merkez ve çevrede, bu protesto dalgalarına yanıt üretmek için güvenlik önlemlerine giderek daha fazla başvurmaktadır. Önlemler, ücretli çalışanları sermaye grupları karşısında baskı altında tutmak için çeşitlenmektedir. Böylece çeşitli disipline edici mekanizmaları içeren güvenlik devleti, birikim bunalımlarına çözüm olarak hayata geçirilmektedir. Güvenlik devletini açıklayabilmek için kullanılacak kavram ‘olağanüstü hâl’ olacaktır. Sermaye lehine yeniden biçimlenen devlet yapısı bu kavram üzerinden daha iyi incelenebilir. Bununla birlikte olağanüstü hâl, salgın dönemindeki otoriterleşmeyi anlamak için iyi bir çerçeve çizmektedir. Salgında artan güvenlik tedbirleri, baskı ve sermaye grupları lehine düzenlemeler güncel durumu tahlil etmek açısından önemlidir. Olağanüstü hâl; ücretli çalışanlara olduğu kadar azınlık gruplarının aleyhine uygulamalara da neden olmaktadır. Bu tür örneklerin yaşandığı yerlerden birisi de Britanya’dır. Britanya, Covid-10 salgının başladığı andan itibaren, diğer pek çok ülkeyle benzer biçimde, olağanüstü hâl uygulamalarını hayata geçirmiş, işgücünü ve toplumsal yaşamı sınırlayan kuralları yürürlüğe koymuştur. Ancak bu kurallar ücretli çalışanları değil, sermaye gruplarının karını korumaya yöneliktir. Ayrıca Avrupa’nın diğer pek çok ülkesinde, salgının var olan eşitsizlikleri arttırdığı, madunlara yönelik ayrımcılığı tetiklediği görülmektedir. Bu nedenle salgın yalnızca biyolojik bir felaket olarak değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal gerilimleri daha da kırılgan hale getiren bir olgu olarak da okunmalıdır. Bu çalışma, Britanya örneği üzerinden salgın döneminde belirgin hale gelen güvenlik devleti ile neoliberalizm arasındaki bağlantıyı incelemektedir.
Treatment of Age-Related Hearing Loss Alters Audiovisual Integration and Resting-State Functional Connectivity: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Rosemann Stephanie , Gieseler Anja , Tahden Maike , Colonius Hans , Thiel Christiane M.
Published: November 2021

Untreated age-related hearing loss increases audiovisual integration and impacts resting state functional brain connectivity. Further, there is a relation between crossmodal plasticity and audiovisual integration strength in cochlear implant patients. However, it is currently unclear whether amplification of the auditory input by hearing aids influences audiovisual integration and resting state functional brain connectivity. We conducted a randomized controlled pilot study to investigate how the McGurk illusion, a common measure for audiovisual integration, and resting state functional brain connectivity of the auditory cortex are altered by six-month hearing aid use. Thirty-two older participants with slight-to-moderate, symmetric, age-related hearing loss were allocated to a treatment or waiting control group and measured one week before and six months after hearing aid fitting with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Our results showed a statistical trend for an increased McGurk illusion after six months of hearing aid use. We further demonstrated that an increase in McGurk susceptibility is related to a decreased hearing aid benefit for auditory speech intelligibility in noise. No significant interaction between group and time point was obtained in the whole-brain resting state analysis. However, a region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analysis indicated that hearing aid use of six months was associated with a decrease in resting state functional connectivity between the auditory cortex and the fusiform gyrus and that this decrease was related to an increase of perceived McGurk illusions. Our study, therefore, suggests that even short-term hearing aid use alters audiovisual integration and functional brain connectivity between auditory and visual cortices.
GLOBAL ENDOCRINOLOGY: Geographical variation in the profile of RET variants in patients with medullary thyroid cancer: a comprehensive review
Authors: Maciel Rui M B , Maia Ana Luiza
Published: November 2021

Genetic variability in humans is influenced by many factors, such as natural selection, mutations, genetic drift, and migrations. Molecular epidemiology evaluates the contribution of genetic risk factors in the etiology, diagnosis, and prevention of a particular disease. Few areas of medicine have been so clearly affected by genetic diagnosis and management as multiple neoplasia type 2 (MEN2), in which activating pathogenic variants in the RET gene results in the development of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma, and hyperparathyroidism in nearly 98, 50, and 25% of gene carriers, respectively. Here, we aimed to collect RET genotyping data worldwide to analyze the distribution and frequency of RET variants from a global perspective. We show that the mutational spectrum of RET is observed worldwide. The codon 634 variants seem to be the most prevalent, but there are differences in the type of amino acid exchanges among countries and in the frequencies of the other RET codon variants. Most interestingly, studies using haplotype analysis or pedigree linkage have demonstrated that some pathogenic RET variants have been transmitted to offspring for centuries, explaining some local prevalence due to a founder effect. Unfortunately, after almost three decades after the causative role of the germline RET variants has been reported in hereditary MTC, comprehensive genotyping data remain limited to a few countries. The heterogeneity of RET variants justifies the need for a global effort to describe epidemiological data of families with MEN2 to further understand the genetic background and environmental circumstances that affect disease presentation.
Alternativas de solución sostenibles para especies forestales en vía de extinción de la región del Chocó utilizadas en la construcción
Authors: Hinestroza Serna Antonio Manuel
Published: November 2021

Chocó está localizado en el noroeste de Colombia, tiene una gran extensión de selva humedad tropical, es la región más lluviosa del planeta, es el único departamento con costas en los océanos Pacífico y Atlántico, limita con Panamá, entre otras características. Por estas condiciones, tiene una gran biodiversidad, pero en los últimos años las acciones desafortunadas realizadas por el ser humano han afectado progresivamente los recursos naturales renovables y especialmente las especies forestales. La deforestación, la actividad minera legal e ilegal, la falta de controles efectivos por las entidades ambientales, entre otras, han afectado las poblaciones naturales de especies forestales útiles para la construcción de viviendas casi hasta su extinción, como Truntago (Vitex columbiensis), Chanó (Humiriastrum procera), entre otras, las cuales tienen características adecuadas para la construcción de viviendas. En nuestro país se han realizado varios estudios por parte de organismos (entidades) ambientales, institutos de investigaciones y por el mismo Estado, quienes han identificado la problemática que genera la extracción excesiva de estas especies, y que ha dado como resultado la escasez de algunas especies, hecho que ha sido evidente en años recientes. Para lograr un efectivo desarrollo de la investigación se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de documentos y libros relacionados con el objeto de la investigación. Se visitaron aserríos, ebanisterías, se entrevistaron conocedores de estas especies forestales y se analizaron construcciones en madera existentes. Como resultado de la investigación se identificaron alternativas de solución a la problemática, con la finalidad de revestir o controlar la situación como madera sustituta, como el ecoturismo, entre otras.
Sostenibilidad empresarial y la responsabilidad con el medio ambiente: un reto constante
Authors: Guaqueta Adriana , Medina Liliana , Sierra Diego
Published: November 2021

Este artículo describe el significado de sostenibilidad y el auge que ha tomado, a partir del deterioro ambiental que ha venido teniendo el planeta, y cómo las empresas están emprendiendo sus proyectos y productos de manera sostenible y amigable con el medio ambiente. Adicionalmente trata el tema de la economía verde como método para que las empresas interactúen en fraternidad con el ambiente.
Producción de pulpa de fruta de cerezo (Malpghia punicifolia l.) y su potencial nutricional para consumo humano
Authors: Daza Orsini Sandra Milena , Lindo Oñate Oscar José
Published: November 2021

El fruto del cerezo (Malpghia punicifolia L.), es comercializado por la población Wayuu, el cual se conoce como cereza, es muy perecedero; lo que origina perdidas en épocas de cosecha. Debido a esto, se vio la necesidad de efectuar una investigación que tiene por objetivo realizar un proceso tecnológico para la producción de pulpa de fruta y conocer las características nutricionales y microbiológicas para garantizar la inocuidad del producto terminado. En los resultados se identificó que el estado ideal de maduración para el procesamiento del fruto cerezo es el grado 5, reconocido con el color rojo. En la pulpa de fruta del cerezo se determinó que obtuvo un pH de 3.8, unos grados °Brix de 12.89 y una acidez de 2.11% expresada en ácido cítrico, 1.33% de proteína y minerales como hierro, calcio, potasio y fosforo, además está libre de microorganismos patógenos como la E.coli y salmoneslla. Se considera con este estudio que es una alternativa de procesar frutos nativos de la región a través de la producción pulpa de frutas ya que es un producto alimento con alto valor nutricional y lo hace atractivo para su posterior uso agroindustrial ya sea en néctares, mermeladas, yogures o conservas.
Evaluación interinstitucional 2005 – 2015 sobre aplicación de normatividad ambiental para la preservación y conservación del humedal Kirpas de Villavicencio
Authors: Gutiérrez Baquero Jazmín Andrea , Ávila Zamudio Claudia Patricia , Suárez Moreno Diego Alexander , Torres Gloria Patricia , Sánchez León Angélica María
Published: November 2021

La preservación y conservación de los recursos naturales, se origina a partir de la expedición del Código Nacional de los Recursos Naturales del año 1974, y, a partir de este decreto se asignan a las corporaciones autónomas regionales y entidades del Estado, con funciones en la administración ambiental, diferentes responsabilidades en materia de preservación y conservación. Con base en esto, se realizó una investigación orientada a evaluar la legislación ambiental, las acciones realizadas por cada una de las entidades identificadas, en la protección y conservación de un ecosistema estratégico del municipio de Villavicencio, el humedal Kirpas Pinilla la Cuerera, haciendo énfasis en las funciones de la Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Área de Manejo Especial de la Macarena, Cormacarena, teniendo en cuenta las funciones adoptadas una vez Colombia entró a ser parte de los acuerdos de la Convención Ramsar en 1997, para identificar y delimitar áreas estratégicas y de importancia ambiental. Adicional a la gestión pública, se analizó las acciones realizadas por otros grupos de interés como instituciones académicas y comunidades del área de influencia, para determinar la articulación de la academia en el campo investigativo con el componente social, evidenciando pocos y nulos esfuerzos en la caracterización y protección de este importante ecosistema.
Lectura con fines investigativos en programas empresariales a distancia con apoyo virtual
Authors: Jiménez Vacca Diana E. , Gutiérrez Rojas Saúl E.
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo es componente estructural del proceso de construcción de las líneas de gestión para el fomento de la lectura con fines investigativos en programas universitarios a distancia con apoyo virtual, sea el caso, los correspondientes a una Unidad de Ciencias Empresariales en Villavicencio (Meta) y los procesos relacionados con las funciones sustantivas, haciendo énfasis en la investigación disciplinar en aplicación de metodologías de grupos focales para la identificación de categorías referidas a lectura, la identificación de propuestas para incentivar actividades en este sentido y la comprensión de la importancia de la lectura en los estudiantes en la modalidad a distancia con apoyo virtual. Desde lo institucional, se identifican aspectos metodológicos en relación con el estudio de las disciplinas, el desarrollo de las actividades de investigación y la relación docencia- investigación en aplicación de un modelo praxeológico.
Reflexión sobre el clima organizacional, la percepción del colaborador y la gestión del talento humano
Authors: Pinzón Acosta Flor Alba
Published: November 2021

Alcanzar excelentes indicadores en la gestión de una organización, supone un interés sin lí- mites por afinar la dirección que se ejerce en el componente humano, la disposición de los equipos y grupos de trabajo, y su interdepen- dencia con las individualidades de cada per- sona, facilitando la identidad y balance entre los objetivos, intereses personales y colectivos, junto con los objetivos e intereses organizacio- nales.De esta manera, el clima organizacional re- presenta una inversión a largo plazo para las organizaciones, dado que el talento humano es la base competitiva de las empresas, junto con el desarrollo de los sistemas de información, el alto nivel de integración y el proceso de glo- balización que se ha observado en las últimas décadas. Por lo tanto, la necesidad de medir el impacto del clima organizacional para enten- der los elementos, características y variables propias de las organizaciones, es un tema que sigue despertando el interés profesional y de diversas disciplinas, como las ciencias políti- cas, la antropología, la psicología, entre otras.Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, se hace ne- cesario que para llevar a cabo el análisis de las diversas problemáticas sobre las dinámicas organizacionales dadas por los cambios socia- les, económicos, políticos y culturales, que ge- neran impacto en el clima organizacional, se deban establecer procesos que conlleven a la aceptación y apropiación de los colaboradores de la organización, que se argumenten teórica y empíricamente con una metodología y es- tructura propia al contexto de la organización, que permita abordar y explicar los fenómenos que se originan a partir de cada una de las actividades organizacionales, tales como el cambio, la adaptación y el aprendizaje, desta- cables en entornos flexibles.
The structure of dislocations in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibres and implications for mechanical behaviour
Authors: Hernandez-Estrada Albert , Reza Mehedi , Hughes Mark
Published: November 2021

Elementary fibres isolated from mechanically processed technical hemp were axially sectioned and imaged with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to reveal details of the axial morphology of dislocations in the fibre. The overall aim was to investigate the detailed axial structural changes that the fibres undergo during processing, to help better understand the alterations in the deformation behaviour the fibres undergo following processing. The images showed the structure and morphology of dislocations as well as the different forms of damage that processing produced in the fibre structure, such as misalignment of the microfibrils, delamination, and buckled cellulose microfibrils. Furthermore, the results of this work show the ability that axial sectioning of the fibre has to reveal new details of the cell wall structure of hemp to offer new insights in the study of the fibre structure. In turn, the results of this work may help explain the mechanical behaviour of the fibres when they are loaded, as well as help explain the greater chemical accessibility of dislocations, for example, when the fibre is acid hydrolysed.