bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of U.S. Federal Loan Repayment Programs on the Behavioral Health Workforce: A Scoping Review
Authors: Last Briana Shiri , Crable Erika , Khazanov Gabriela , Scheinfeld Laurel , McGInty Beth , Purtle Jonathan
Published: June 2023

Objective: Federal loan repayment programs are one strategy to address the U.S.’s shortage of behavioral health providers. This scoping review aims to identify and characterize the evidence of federal loan repayment programs’ impact on the behavioral health workforce in the U.S. Methods: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews. Databases searched were Ovid Medline, Web of Science, PsycInfo, EconLit, PAIS Index, and Embase; grey literature was also reviewed. Two coders screened each abstract and full-text and extracted study data. Findings were narratively synthesized and conceptually organized. Results: After full-text screening, the search yielded 17 articles that met eligibility criteria. Of these, 8 were peer-reviewed publications, and all but one article evaluated the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) loan repayment program. Findings were conceptually organized into six categories: 1) descriptive studies of NHSC behavioral health needs and the NHSC workforce (k=4); 2) providers’ perceptions of and experiences with the NHSC (k=2); 3) associations between NHSC funding and the number of NHSC behavioral health providers (k=4); 4) NHSC behavioral health workforce productivity and capacity (k=3); and 5) federal loan repayment program recruitment and retention (k=4). Conclusions: The scientific literature on federal loan repayment programs and their impact on the behavioral health workforce is relatively limited. Though federal loan repayment programs are an important and effective tool to address the workforce shortage, additional federal policy strategies are needed to attract and retain behavioral health providers and to diversify the behavioral health workforce.
Conservative management of acute fissure in ANO and conversion into chronic fissure: A comparative study
Authors: Arvind Kumar Shukla  , Avinash Gautam  , Saranshi Shrivastava  , Manish Kaushal  , Nishant Kumar  , Sahaj Dhakad
Published: June 2023

Background: The aim of the study was to choose best method for the management of acute fissure-in-ano, by comparing among zinc oxide cream and lidocaine ointment and conversion of acute fissure into chronic fissure-in-ano.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of zinc oxide cream and lidocaine ointment in acute fissure and conversion of acute fissure into chronic fissure-in-ano requiring surgery.
Materials and Methods: Two hundred patients who were diagnosed with acute anal fissure between November 2021 and November 2022 at MGM Medical College and M. Y. Hospital were undertaken for this prospective randomized trial. All cases randomized into two groups. Group 1 where the patients of acute anal fissure who applied 15% of zinc oxide cream twice a day. Group 2 where the patients would apply 5% of lidocaine ointment twice a day. Healing rates, pain relief, recurrences, changes in symptoms after the treatment, and complications were recorded.
Results: There was no statistical difference among groups in terms of age and gender. The healing and symptomatic relief with the conservative method for acute anal fissure was significantly much more. Recurrence rate was very less in symptomatic group. There was a significant reduction in conversion of acute anal fissure into chronic anal fissure with the use of conservative management.
Conclusion: Conservative management is better treatment option for acute fissure-in-ano with reduced conversion into chronic fissure-in-ano.
Epidemiological and endoscopic profile of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding at a tertiary care center in Northern India : A retrospective analysis of twenty years
Authors: Shabir A Shiekh  , Waseem Raja  , Majid Khalil  , Bilal A Khan  , Showkat A Kadla
Published: June 2023

Background: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleed is a common emergency presenting to emergency departments all over the world. Since the spectrum of UGI bleeding varies from region to region, it is important to know the profile of UGI bleed for proper management approach. Here, we present the endoscopic profile of UGI bleed presenting to a tertiary care setting in Northern India.
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to determine the epidemiological and endoscopic profile of patients with UGI over twenty years.
Materials and Methods: The retrospective and observational study included adults patients (above 18 years of age) of either gender, who presented with UGI bleed at our center over a twenty year period from January 1999 to December 2018.
Results: A total of 13418 patients with UGI bleed had esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) done on them during this period. Six thousand one hundred and thirty-two patients (45.7%) were females while 7285 were males (54.3%). Mean age was 46±16 years. The common endoscopic findings were pepticulcer disease in 7508 (48.25%) patients followed by erosive gastritis in 2305 (14.81%), UGI tract malignancy in 1152 (7.8%). Variceal bleed was seen in 900 (5.77%) patients.
Conclusion: Peptic ulcer related bleed is the most common cause of UGI bleed in our center. Portal hypertension is relatively less frequent a cause of UGI bleed in our place.
Role of FAST in blunt trauma abdomen: A promising diagnostic tool to evaluate management in patients and comparison of its accuracy with CT and laparotomy
Authors: Brij Mohan Singh Pokhariya  , Sachin Kumar Karnwal
Published: June 2023

Background: Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) is a limited ultrasound examination directed solely at identifying the presence of free intraperitoneal or pericardial fluid. In the context of traumatic injury, free fluid is usually due to hemorrhage and contributes to the assessment of the circulation. Performed in the trauma room by properly trained and credentialed staff, it allows the timely diagnosis of potentially life-threatening hemorrhage and is a decision-making tool to help determine the need for transfer to the operating room, computed tomography (CT) scanner, or angiography suite. The FAST scan is a 4 view scan reliant on detecting the presence of fluid within the pericardium and most dependent zones of the peritoneum in the horizontal patient. It is capable of detecting more than 100–250 mL of free fluid. CT scanning, in comparison, is capable of detecting more than approximately 100 mL of free fluid in the abdominal cavity. As a “rule of thumb,” a rim of 0.5 cm of fluid in Morison’s pouch represents approximately 500 mL of free fluid, and a 1 cm rim represents approximately 1000 mL.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were as follows: Role of FAST in blunt trauma abdomen: A promising diagnostic tool to evaluate management in patients and comparison of its accuracy with CT and laparotomy.
Materials and Methods: The FAST scan was performed by Color Doppler Siemens Sonoline G-50 machine using either 2–5 MHz convex transducers or 5–10 MHz linear transducer department of Radiology L.L.R. Hospital, Kanpur. At FAST examines four areas for free fluid, perihepatic and hepatorenal space, perisplenic, and pelvis pericardium.
Results: Sensitivity of FAST: 87.5%, specificity of FAST: 75%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of FAST are 80%. CT scan had sensitivity of: 97%, specificity of: 95%, and positive predictive value of CT scan: 92% NPV of: 100%. Laparotomy was GOLD standard with specificity of 100%.
Conclusion: FAST was positive in 62.5% cases of blunt trauma abdomen. Sensitivity of FAST: 87.5%, specificity of FAST: 75%, and NPV of FAST are 80%. CT scan had sensitivity of: 97%, specificity of: 95%, positive predictive value of CT scan: 92%, and NPV of: 100%. Laparotomy was GOLD standard with specificity of 100%.
Correlation between the bleeding coagulation tests before vertebral surgery and the perioperative bleeding amount in geriatric patients using antiaggregants and anticoagulants
Authors: Yardimci Bulent , Enercan Meric , Hamzaoglu Azmi , Reyhan Diz Kucukkaya  , Bold Nomin
Published: June 2023

Background: The world is witnessing an increase in its elderly population, which is reflected in the growing number of orthopedic surgeries being performed. With the increase in the number of major operations performed on the elderly, it has become crucial to manage bleeding effectively during vertebral surgery. The substantial use of antiaggregants and anticoagulants in elderly patients presents an increased risk of bleeding, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality rates if not well managed. Hence, it is essential to evaluate these patients thoroughly in the pre-operative period to minimize the risk of bleeding and improve patient outcomes.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to research how effective the use of antiaggregants (AAs) and anticoagulants (oral anticoagulants [OAC] and low-molecular-weight heparin [LMWH]) is on operations and post-operative bleedings in surgery performed at our orthopedics clinic especially in the geriatric age group.
Materials and Methods: This study was made retrospectively on 80 patients aged 65 years and over, who have undergone vertebral surgery on hospitalization at the Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital’s Orthopedics Clinic between the months of January 2017 and December 2019.
Results: The rate of blood product utilization during surgery of those using prophylactic LMWH was statistically significantly higher in comparison to those not on prophylactic LMWH (P=0.034). There has not been determined any statistically significant difference in the means of the bleeding amount during the operation and post-operative bleeding. There has not been determined any statistically significant difference in the means of the bleeding amount during the operation and the post-operative period use and do not use any AA.
Conclusion: In the geriatric group of age, which shall undergo vertebral surgery, it seems like an appropriate approach to discontinue AA and OAC 7 days before the operations. We have observed that the utilization of LMWH either for prophylactic purposes or for bridging purposes in the group using OAC does not significantly increase the bleeding probability.
Perspective of MBBS students of a government medical college on various aspects of online medical education: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey
Authors: Ghosh Koushik , Das Arijit , Samui Bikashendu , Das Debalina
Published: June 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its accompanying lockdown measures adversely affected institution-based education system including medical education. Internet-based online teaching emerged as the only alternative mode of continuing medical education during those times. The situation was novel to the medical institutions, the faculties, as well as the students and involved coordinated effort from all stakeholders for an efficient outcome to the ritual of compulsory online medical education.
Aims and Objectives: The study was planned to obtain the perspective and point of view to various aspects of online teaching from of the MBBS students.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted through a questionnaire using Google-Forms on MBBS students of Raiganj Government Medical College, Raiganj, from August 1, 2022 for a period of 1 week after obtaining necessary ethical clearance.
Results: A total of 174 students responded out of 202. Majority of the respondents (81.3%) said that it was their first experience of online teaching. Most attended 2–3 h of online classes daily and did not want it to be more than that either. Somnolence during class was cited as the most common physical difficulty, while poor network connectivity was the biggest logistic problem. Live lecture was the most preferred mode of online teaching and personal email interaction with the concerned faculties was the most preferred mode for doubt clearing. Most students found online classes inferior than offline classes with respect to opportunity to interact with teachers, class ambience, ability to sustain attention, demonstration of practical skills, and peer-interaction.
Conclusion: Online medical education, in spite of all its present drawbacks and demerits, can be used as a tool to provide medical education alongside offline mode after making necessary innovations and modifications by analyzing student as well as faculty feedback.
A comparative evaluation of gabapentin and clonidine for attenuating pressor responses to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in hypertensive patients-A prospective double-blinded clinical study
Authors: Richa Parihar  , Anju Gautam  , Nancy Ekka  , Shikha Goyal
Published: June 2023

Background: Endotracheal intubation forms an indispensable part of general anesthesia. Various adjuvants have been added to diminish the hemodynamic stress response associated with it. These changes are more marked in hypertensive individuals.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of oral clonidine and oral gabapentin and their associated side effects if any; for attenuation of hemodynamic responses following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in hypertensive patients.
Materials and Methods: A total of 108 hypertensive patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists grade II/III scheduled for elective surgeries requiring general anesthesia were randomly allocated into three groups receiving Group G Tablet gabapentin 800 mg, Group C Tablet clonidine 0.2 mg, and Group P placebo (multivitamin tablets) given 2 h before surgery with a sip of water. The hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and adverse events during the perioperative period were noted. The statistical analysis was done by paired t-test, ANOVA, and Chi-square test and by SPSS22 software.
Results: The demographic data were comparable in all three groups. There was no significant difference at baseline for HR, SBP, DBP, and MBP in all three groups. The mean HR was significantly lower in Group C as compared to Group G and Group P (P<0.013). The mean SBP, DBP, and MBP was significantly lower in Groups C and G as compared to Group P (P<0.01) before induction, after induction after laryngoscopy and intubation, then at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min after intubation.
Conclusion: Clonidine and gabapentin in the abovementioned doses can be safely used for attenuating hemodynamic stress response. Clonidine proved to have better hemodynamic stability and tends to be more effective in attenuating pressor response laryngoscopy and intubation in hypertensive patients when compared to gabapentin.
A prospective study of i-gel in elective laparoscopic gynecological procedures
Authors: Mahesh S Patil  , Sangita S Page  , Ganesh R Choudhari
Published: June 2023

Background: Many studies have been done to compare i-gel with other laryngeal mask airway. However, not many studies have been done to study the clinical uses of the supraglottic airway device, namely, i-gel.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to study of i-gel in elective laparoscopic gynecological procedures in tertiary health-care center.
Materials and Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted on patients admitted in OBGY ward for laparoscopic procedures during the period September 2019–2021. The study was undertaken after obtaining Ethical Committee Clearance. Informed consent was taken from each patient. Seventy patients, scheduled for various elective laparoscopic gynecological procedures under general anesthesia belonging to ASA class I and II, were included in the study.
Results: Majority number of study participants belonged to age group of 50–59 years, that is, 52 (74.3%), while only 5 (7.1%) study participants belonged to age group of 30–39 years. I-gel insertion was successful in single attempt in 69 (98.6%) study participants, while two attempts were needed for 1 (1.4%) participant. In our study, there was no statistically significant difference of i-gel with regard to heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure, and arterial saturation, EtCO2. There was no post-operative complication after completion of procedure.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that i-gel may be used safely and successfully in elective laparoscopic gynecological surgeries under general anesthesia with positive pressure ventilation. It offers excellent insertion conditions and adequate jaw relaxation for easy i-gel insertion on the first try.
Analysis of hearing outcome following canal wall up and canal wall down mastoidectomy in squamosal type of chronic suppurative otitis media: A comparative study
Authors: Samanta Mainak , Gayen Ganesh Chandra , Ray Ritam
Published: June 2023

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a major health issue in developing countries causing persistent problem and may lead to life-threatening complications. This major health issue and its complications can be best avoided by early and effective treatment.
Aims and Objectives: The aim is to compare the outcome in terms of hearing improvement following canal wall up and canal wall down mastoid surgery.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Otorhinolaryngology Department of a Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, a tertiary care hospital in Burdwan from April 2019 to August 2020 and 50 clinically diagnosed cases of COM (Squamous type) were included in this study after through history taking and meticulous clinical examination. Patients were divided in two Groups (Group-A and Group-B) with 25 patients in each group randomly and Group-A patients undergone canal wall up mastoidectomy and Group-B patients undergone canal wall down mastoidectomy (CWDM). Now, before performing surgery, a pre-operative pure tone audiometry was performed for each of the patients and a follow-up pure tone audiometry was done again, 2-month post-operative period. These results were compared to assess the degree of hearing improvement in the two different operative procedures, namely, canal wall up and CWDM.
Results: In Group-A, the mean hearing gain (mean±SD) of patients was 12.5700±0.9856. In Group-B, the mean hearing gain (mean±SD) of patients was 8.4200±5.0051. Difference of mean hearing gain with both groups was statistically significant (P=0.0002). Chi-square value: 0.1678; P=0.9195.
Conclusion: Hearing gain was more with canal wall up compared to CWDM in CSOM which was statistically significant.
The noise profile and hearing impact of commercial fiberglass reinforced plastic speed boats in Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Authors: Jonathan Lalchawilena  , Lalhmingmawii
Published: June 2023

Background: Hearing impairment may result from tourism-related vehicle engine noise in Port Blair, Andaman, and Nicobar Islands.
Aims and Objectives: Measure noise levels and test commercial fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) speedboat operators for hearing loss.
Materials and Methods: Hearing loss and noise impacts were checked in a total of 145 male crew members and workers exposed to commercial FRP-speedboat outboard engine noise. 18–50-year-olds with 1–20 years of experience participated. To detect hearing loss, noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) risk indicators that could appear as a 4 kHz noise notch and the existence of high-frequency sloping hearing loss were detected using pure tone audiometry. The level of noise exposure was measured in conjunction with a questionnaire to assess an individual’s general knowledge of the effects of noise and hearing loss.
Results: A 4 kHz noise notch, some high-frequency slope hearing loss, and an overall hearing loss rate of 42.1% were found in 145 participants. Out of these, 15.9% had the most common bilateral notch. Bilateral high-frequency sloping was 10.3%, Unilateral high-frequency sloping was 4.9%, and unilateral 4 kHz notch was 11.0%. According to the questionnaire, research participants are shockingly unaware of noise-induced hearing loss. The FRP Speedboat outboard engine’s measured noise level ranged from 79.7 to 89.4 dB (A).
Conclusion: The FRP Speedboat crews were at risk of hearing loss, specifically NIHL with continuous noise exposure. High frequency sloping hearing loss, mild to moderate hearing loss, and a substantial 4 kHz noise notch are found in noise-exposed employees. Awareness is needed to prevent irreversible hearing loss.
Passengers' Perceptions Towards Air-Conditioned Buses in Nepal
Authors: Nepal Pramshu
Published: June 2023

In order to promote social and environmental causes, bus services are extremely important. In order to raise productivity, promote economic growth, and improve access to mar- kets and services, transportation infrastructure and services should be expanded. This includes the creation of air-conditioned buses. The objective of the study is to understand how passengers feel about traveling in air-conditioned buses in Nepal. The descriptive type of research methodology was used to conduct the study. Reliability, responsibility, empathy, tangibility, and assurance are the five aspects used to evaluate a company's performance in providing services. Majority of respondents were dissatisfied with bus crew's ability to provide accurate bus arrival times and an- swer questions. 83.33 % of respondents replied that chairs of buses are comfortable to sit on. Re-garding safe traveling and trustworthiness many of the respondents are satisfied with the bus staff.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТЕРМІЧНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ РІЗНОМАНІТНИХ СУМІШЕЙ ТВЕРДИХ ПОБУТОВИХ ВІДХОДІВ ДО ТВЕРДОПАЛИВНИХ ПЕЛЕТ
Authors: Чупа Володимир Михайлович , Адаменко Ярослав Олегович , Чупа Ксенія Орестівна
Published: June 2023

В статті розглянуто актуальне для сьогодення питання поводження з твердими побутовимивідходами та акцентовано увагу на те, що найбільш ефективним методом скорочення обсягувідходів є термічна обробка. Приділено увагу такому важливому параметру при спалюваннітвердих побутових відходів як калорійність.Проведено дослідження калорійності різних типів відходів, деревних твердопаливних пелетзроблених з різної деревини. Проби відходів були отримані під час виїзної експедиції на полігонтвердих побутових відходів (ТПВ) с. Рибне. Проведено аналіз рівня калорійності суміші відходів,що відповідає морфологічному складу полігону ТПВ в с. Рибне, що придатне для спалювання.Також, проведено аналіз калорійності суміші деревних твердопаливних пелет, що було зроблене зрізних видів деревини. Досліджено рівень теплової енергії для різних видів відходів (пластик, біо-відходи, гума, папір, текстиль, дерево, тощо) та різних видів твердопаливних деревних пелет (дуб,бук, хвоя, тощо). Розраховано показник калорійності різних сумішей відходів і пелет при різнихвідсоткових значеннях компонентів у суміші. Для спрощення розрахунку застосовувалосьпрограмне забезпечення Microsoft Excel. При визначенні використовувались реальні значеннякалорійності, що були отримані під час лабораторного дослідження за допомогою калориметраIKA C1.Шляхом перетворень, співвідношень та розрахунків встановлено залежності для кожного зтипів відходів та твердопаливних деревних пелет. Використовуючи значення теплотворноїздатності, які були отримані під час спалювання було знайдено мінімальні та максимальні рівнікалорійності при різних відсоткових значеннях компонентів. Створено алгоритм розрахунку, заяким можна визначити кількість теплової енергії при різноманітних відсоткових співвідношенняхтипів відходів до деревних твердопаливних пелет.
THE NBS PROJECT FOR THE ADAPTATION OF THE KYIV OSOKORKY DISTRICT TO CLIMATE CHANGES
Authors: Radomska M. , Mushta M.
Published: June 2023

Global climate changes have significant impact on cities around the world, although the exact threats can vary significantly depending on the geographic region. Kyiv is a capital city with large population and vast area, which faces different challenges imposed by changing climate. The analysis of climate models demonstrates vulnerability of Kyiv urban infrastructure to heat waves, urban heat island, increasing precipitations and negative weather phenomena. The research was conducted for the Osokorky district of Kyiv to determine its problem points and evaluate the resilience of infrastructure. The results of analysis show that in spite of novelty of the district it lacks sustainability components, has poorly developed green and blue infrastructure, as well as inefficient road network. All these factors combined with dense construction create favorable conditions for the thermal pressure at local population and other biotic components of the district. The suggested approach to the adaptation of Osokorky district to climate changes is through the implementation of nature-based solutions with the aim to expand green infrastructure and increase the volume of ecosystem services provided by urban plants. The green roofs design was developed for 15 sites around the district, based on their location and favorable technical conditions. The economic costs of the project were estimated and the payback period based on the value of ecosystem services provided was defined. In order to strengthen the resilience of the district a complex of additional organizational measures is necessary to support the progress towards safe urban environment.
ЯДЕРНО-ЕКОЛОГІЧНА БЕЗПЕКА СВІТОВОЇ ЯДЕРНОЇ ЕНЕРГЕТИКИ НА ЕТАПІ ЧЕТВЕРТОГО ГЛОБАЛЬОГО ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОГО ПЕРЕХОДУ
Authors: Кордуба Ірина Богданівна
Published: June 2023

Для світової ядерної енергетики нинішній глобальний енергетичний перехід став найважчим випробувальним етапом за всю її історію. Його причиною стали сучасні  демографічні процеси. Починаючи з 2011 р., в світовій ядерній енергетиці продовжуються проектні терміни експлуатації старих ядерних енергетичних блоків (ЯЕРБ), модернізуються старі та будуються нові ЯЕРБ. Але проблеми технологічної, експлуатаційної та ядерно-екологічної безпеки сучасного розвитку світової ядерної енергетики залишаються багато в чому не вивченими. Тому в роботі виконано аналіз стану та перспектив забезпечення ядерно-екологічної безпеки світового ядерного енергетичного комплексу (ЯЕК), виходячи з особливостей його еволюції в нинішню епоху четвертого глобального енергетичного переходу. Найбільшу загрозу для майбутнього існування світового ЯЕК несуть людський фактор та запроектні ядерні аварії і катастрофи, які завжди були наслідком непередбачених проектами вкрай малоймовірних комбінацій вихідних аварійних подій. Для ліквідації наслідків цих аварій персонал не мав відповідної підготовки та обладнання. В наступні 20-30 років вклад ядерної енергетики в загальну світову електрогенерацію, більше як 10%, зможуть зберегти тільки Північна Америка, Європа, країни колишнього СРСР та розвинені країни Азії, але при можливому зменшенні цього показника до 6-4%. Світова ядерна енергетика продовжує існувати і розвиватися при наявності чималого списку невирішених проблем її ядерно-екологічної безпеки разом з відсутністю технологічно гарантованих надійних і безпечних ядерних енергетичних технологій серед усього пулу існуючих та розроблюваних нових проектів, що залишаються невирішеними і на сьогодні, та в перспективі на десятиліття. МАГАТЕ та провідні експерти світу, виходячи з нинішньої ситуації, що склалася в світовій ядерній енергетиці, акцентують на необхідності створення її абсолютної ядерно-екологічної безпеки.
IMPROVED METHODOLOGY FOR APPLYING THE OBJECT MODEL OF DSP-SSP SYSTEM INTERACTION THROUGH AD EXCHANGE
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Korotin D.S.
Published: June 2023

In the article analyzed the interaction of DSP-SSP systems through Ad Exchange. According to the results of the analysis, the purpose of scientific research is formed, which is that for automate process of the buying and selling of media content, to carry out simulations and to prove the feasibility of using the implemented platforms on the basis of the advanced method of application of the object model of interaction of DSP-SSP systems. The authors found that Ad Exchange is an intermediary between DSP and SSP platforms and implements the module one to many. Has been identified that this system enables the digital marketplace where publishers and advertisers come together to trade digital inventory. It is concluded that Ad Exchange is a standalone platform that facilitates and simplifies programmatic ads buying. The authors presented the model of the Ad Exchange system, presents advantages and disadvantages are indicated. It is concluded that the Validator block, which advertises only for a specific contingent of people, was first proposed by theauthors as the most important component of this model. The Validator block is the main advantage of the system presented in the article over others. An advanced technique for using an object model of DSP-SSP systems interaction through Ad Exchange is offered. It is determined that an important component for the implementation of this methodology is Analytic, which was implemented on the DSP platform, where the client can keep track of important winnings, clicks and other. By incorporating the Validator block, the well-known DSP and SSP algorithm is improved. Based on the proposed model, a simulation was performed where the Validator block was implemented. It is concluded that Ad Exchange is a tool for automating the process of buying and selling Internet content. This allows you to earn more money and save time on transactions. The recommendations developed by the authors track poor quality proposals and deal with risks.
The problem of semantic contradictions in large volumes of data
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Korotkov S. S.
Published: June 2023

The problem of eliminating the redundancy of semantically close textual information based on latent semantic analysis and one of the fuzzy inference algorithms is considered. A description of latent semantic analysis as a method of detecting the semantic proximity of documents is given. A variant of fuzzy inference rules for solving the task of eliminating the redundancy of semantically close information is formulated. It is proposed to evaluate the degree of impact of the contradiction elimination module on the operational efficiency of information systems. In order to assess the efficiency of the functioning of such systems, two approaches to the implementation of the function of eliminating contradictions are proposed: 1. Initially, the request is executed in its pure form without the participation of the contradiction elimination module. If as a result of the query we receive no more than one fact, then the result is passed to the upper level. When receiving more than one fact, there is a contradiction, the result is transferred to the contradiction elimination module. 2. All obtained results are transferred immediately to the contradiction elimination module, regardless of the number of obtained facts. It is obvious that the application of different approaches will affect the operational efficiency of the information system in different ways. In the first approach, the degree of influence of the heating module will depend on the number of contradictions. The article proposes to evaluate the degree of influence of the module of elimination of contradictions on the efficiency of the functioning of information systems. Redundancy in large volumes of data based on latent semantic analysis and fuzzy inference can, in our opinion, significantly reduce the amount of data stored.
QR code communication system in medicine
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Varfolomeyeva O. H.
Published: June 2023

The modern world is gaining momentum in the field of information technologies every day. «QR code» has become an integral part of our lives, such as paying with a smartphone, buying plane and train tickets, reading website URLs, and downloading programs and applications. The application of the QR code can be seen even in the field of education and medicine Considering this, there is a need to present information in a new, more compact form that meets the long list of requirements of the modern information society. This topic is so popular and recognized in the world that it can be discussed for a long time. Although QR codes look simple, they can store a lot of information. But no matter how much information a QR code contains, the information must be available immediately after the user scans it — hence the name Quick Response. A QR code is a convenience designed for the use of large amounts of information. The latest QR code technology is very practical for many companies. The benefit of the development of this system can be traced to such examples when there were mass accidents, plane crashes, train derailments, floods, and other disasters. Also, the current situation in Ukraine, when a rocket hit a high-rise building and many people found themselves under the rubble with serious injuries, can serve as an actual example. The relevance of QR code application in medicine will be shown in the example of this situation. QR code identification features are also provided. A comparison of a QR code with a barcode is demonstrated. The advantages of the QR code are highlighted. The method of using the QR code and the algorithm of actions for its use by medics in a disaster with a large number of injured people are presented.
Radiation-induced cavernous malformations in the spine: patient series
Authors: Koester Stefan W. , Scherschinski Lea , Srinivasan Visish M. , Karahalios Katherine , Rumalla Kavelin , Benner Dimitri , Catapano Joshua S. , Spetzler Robert F. , Lawton Michael T.
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Radiation-induced spinal cord cavernous malformations (RISCCMs) are a rare subset of central nervous system lesions and are more clinically aggressive than congenital cavernous malformations (CMs). The authors assessed the characteristics and outcomes of patients with RISCCM at a single institution and systematically reviewed the pertinent literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

OBSERVATIONS

Among the 146 spinal CMs at the authors’ institution, 3 RISCCMs were found. Symptom duration ranged from 0.1 to 8.5 months (mean [standard deviation], 3.2 [4.6] months), and latency ranged from 16 to 29 years (22.4 [9.6] years). All 3 RISCCMs were surgically treated with complete resection; 2 patients had stable outcomes, and 1 improved postoperatively. A review of 1240 articles revealed 20 patients with RISCCMs. Six of these patients were treated with resection, 13 were treated conservatively, and in 1 case, the treatment type was not stated. Five of the 6 patients treated surgically reported improvement postoperatively or at follow-up; 1 was stable, and none reported worsened outcomes.

LESSONS

RISCCMs are rare sequelae following radiation that inadvertently affect the spinal cord. Altogether, the frequency of stable and improved outcomes on follow-up suggests that resection could prevent further patient decline caused by symptoms of RISCCM. Therefore, surgical management should be considered primary therapy in patients presenting with RISCCMs.
THE EFFECT OF SOLVENT TOWARDS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Vernonia amygdalina Delile LEAVES
Authors: M. Muhammad  , E.D. Putra  , H. Cintya  , D. Satria
Published: June 2023

Antioxidants guard against reactive oxygen free radicals. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals by adding electrons to them, preventing bodily harm. African leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Delile.) contain an antioxidant. African leaves are the leaves of a thousand diseases because they have pharmacological effects on various diseases. African leaves contain steroids/triterpenoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids. This study examined Vernonia amygdalina Delile. leaf combination ethanol extract antioxidant properties. The extracts were prepared with the reflux method using methanol, butanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-hexane. Antioxidant activities were determined with DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC, O-Phenanthroline, Hydroxyl radical scavenging, total phenolics, and total flavonoids method. The data were analyzed using the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) multivariate exploration technique, which was analyzed using the Minitab software. The highest antioxidant activity was found in African leaf reflux extract with methanol solvent by DPPH method (43.8968 ± 0.021), followed by ABTS (73.6223 ± 0.091), FRAP (89.2924 ± 0.087), CUPRAC (13.4745 ± 0.042), O-Phenantroline (99.0977 ± 0.30), and Hydroxyl radical scavenging (33.5703 ± 0.071). The findings show that Vernonia amygdalina Delile. extract exhibit antioxidant activity. According to the findings, Vernonia amygdalina Delile leaf extract with methanol solvent provided the maximum antioxidant activity.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISATION, AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME NITROGEN-CONTAINING MOIETIES AS POSSIBLE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
Authors: Josephine J. Lesy , Devi A. Mathunika , K. Thanigaimani  , P. Ramanathan
Published: June 2023

Novelnitrogen-containing moieties were prepared and analyzed by various techniques like NMR and mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial and anti-oxidant behaviors of novel moieties have been screened. The synthesized moieties are better antimicrobial activities. The moieties 1-5 are the greatest antioxidant reagents in the DPPH process. The IC50 standards are 0.13, 0.14, 0.11, 0.16, and 0.11 μg/Ml, respectively. Compound 3, 5 (IC50 = 0.11 μg/mL) was the most potent compound with –OCH3 and –CH3 groups as substituents showing good antioxidant activity even at very low concentrations. The particulars of synthetic methods, spectroscopic data, and biological results are recorded.
SYNTHESIS OF BIOACTIVE POLYHYDROQUINOLINES USING SULFATED TIN OXIDE AS AN EFFICIENT SOLID SUPERACID CATALYST
Authors: U.N. Pol  , Niwadange S. N , Mathapati S. R , Kagne R. P
Published: June 2023

A novel synthetic scheme has been designed for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives via one-pot condensation of aromatic aldehydes, EAA, dimedone, and NH4OAc by employing synthesized STO as a heterogeneous solid acid catalyst in ethanol under reflux condition. FTIR, XRD, and SEM EDX were used to confirm the sulfated tin oxide. BET plots were used to analyze the surface area of the catalyst. The reactions were assessed for diverse solvents and catalyst loading. The yields of all the polyhydroquinoline derivatives were found to range between 80 to 92%. All the synthesized polyhydroquinolines were validated by spectral data. This exercise is efficient and green as it uses an environmentally friendly catalyst, has a significant atom economy, is cost-effective and easy to work up.
OPTIMIZING FLAVONOID EXTRACTION FROM Curcuma xanthorrhiza WITH A SIMPLEX CENTROID DESIGN
Authors: R. Asyhar  , M. Minarni  , N. Marliani  , Galingging R.Y , W. Nurcholis
Published: June 2023

Curcuma xanthorrhiza is a species of the genus Curcuma which is a medicinal ingredient in high demand in Indonesia and other countries. Chemical compounds such as flavonoids and their diverse bioactivity have triggered research that prioritizes quality and efficiency. This study was designed to optimize the extraction solvent in producing flavonoids from the rhizome of C. xanthorrhiza based on a simplex centroid design using Design Expert 13.0. Extractor solvents (water, acetone, ethanol, and methanol), as well as their combinations, were studied to test the total flavonoid content using the calorimetric aluminum chloride method by spectrophotometer. The experimental results with the special cubic model are a good and reliable fit for recovering flavonoids. The optimal conditions obtained were highly accurate at the desirability value of 1.00 with a mixed solvent of methanol (0.445) and ethanol (0.555), which resulted in total flavonoid content of 144.665 mg quercetin equivalent per gram dry weight. Methanol and ethanol combined can be an effective solvent option for extracting high amounts of active compounds (especially flavonoids) in C. xanthorrhiza rhizome.
EVALUATION OF CORROSION PROTECTION CAPACITY OF DOPED PPY FILM FOR STAINLESS STEEL IN AN ACIDIC MEDIUM
Authors: Monika  , Rani Gita , Kumar Naveen , Ahlawat Rachna
Published: June 2023

Advanced corrosion protection methods include covering stainless steel surfaces with conductive polymer-based coatings. Polypyrrole and polypyrrole composites of tungstate of different concentrations were deposited on stainless steel-304 using cyclic voltammetry and their elemental analysis was verified by EDX analysis. EIS and potentiodynamic polarization analysis show that the corrosion protection efficiency (CPE) of polypyrrole composites is higher than polypyrrole coating. The reduction in corrosion rate due to the inhibitory action of tungstate through the physical barrier and anodic protection mechanism was validated by greater Rct and lower Icorr values of polypyrrole composites. In the composites, with increasing the concentration of tungstate in polypyrrole from 5% to 15%, CPE also increases, as polypyrrole composites are more able to shift the corrosion potential of stainless steels towards the passive zone and form a new nonporous passive oxide film on the surface. With a 15% concentration coating, the highest CPE of 93% and the lowest corrosion rate of 130 mmpy were obtained, indicating that the entire stainless steel active surface area is completely absorbed and that no active sites exit for adsorption at this concentration. The synthesized polypyrrole composites with a 15% concentration offer excellent corrosion protection prospects.
Religion and Media: Anthropological study of religious behavior in the film “Little House on the Prairie”
Authors: Tresnawaty Betty , Risdayah Enok
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to describe the real relationship between religion and media through the content of a film. On the other side, it opens up opportunities for the development of anthropology. Human culture as an object of anthropology, especially in remote areas or isolated ethnic groups, which was previously difficult to reach through the presence of high-tech media, is now beginning to be revealed. Film is a means of delivering messages to the public and is quite effective. One of these images is reflected in the film Little House on the Prairie. a television program that Televisi Republik Indonesia (TVRI) aired in the 1980s. Tells the story of a family living in a wooden house in a remote village with simple and basic living equipment. Meanwhile, it also reflects the religious behavior of a family that is obedient in carrying out religious orders. Literature study is the dominant data collection technique in this research and is a characteristic of the qualitative method. The results of this study found that the relationship between religion and the media can strengthen and develop other social sciences, especially social anthropology.
La provincia dell’Arpione Occidentale nei testi egiziani: ricerche storiche, geografiche e religiose dalle origini all’Epoca Romana
Authors: Elena Tiribilli
Published: June 2023

La provincia dell’Arpione Occidentale nei testi egiziani: ricerche storiche, geografiche e religiose dalle origini all’Epoca Romana presents research on the Western Harpoon province – the seventh nome of Lower Egypt – located in the north-western Delta and a strategic region for the Egyptian economy, joining the Mediterranean, the caravan routes in the Libyan Desert and the heart of Egyptian political power exercised along the Nile valley. However, this region has not been the subject of comprehensive studies or in-depth archaeological investigations. Our archaeological knowledge of the province is greatly lacking, with the exception of the regions of Canopus and Alexandria. The scarcity of archaeological sources is contrasted by an abundance of textual documentation, mainly from priestly literature, which provides us with a kind of ‘map’ of human thought and belief that follows a topographical arrangement and allows us to define the lost archaeological landscape. This book is the first monograph devoted to a comprehensive study of the province of the Western Harpoon and aims to reconstruct its history and religious geography through textual sources, from its origins to the end of the Roman era. From this research, a more organic and structured picture has been gained of the sacred topography and cults of the Western Harpoon province within its historical landscape.
Risk analysis in quality assessment of ready-mixed concrete using fuzzy logic
Authors: Skrzypczak Izabela , Zięba Joanna
Published: June 2023

The decision to include the considered batch of concrete in the designed class depends on the satisfaction of the conditions imposed on the strength of each individual result and the average value. The concrete conformity criteria are formulated in EN 206+A1:2016. When considering risk in concrete quality assessment, it can be assumed that there are three levels of result: low, medium, and high risk in quality assessment. Using logical operations on fuzzy sets, inference rules can be constructed to establish relationships between different variables. The paper presents an analysis of the risk of produced concrete carried out for two input parameters. Parameters on the average compressive strength of concrete and online defects obtained during compliance checks. Defects are identified by the probability of their occurrence. The third parameter introduced relates to the consequences of the occurrence of events identified with the obtained defectiveness after the compliance check of the compressive strength of the concrete produced. When verifying the compressive strength of concrete based on a sample size of n = 3, with the result obtained of a mean value of 28 MPa and a defect before and after conformity control defined at the medium defectiveness, the risk regarding the correct assessment of the quality of the produced concrete is medium.
Empowering Future Workforces: Reframing Education to Develop Essential Skills for a Dynamic Labor Market
Authors: Susanna Edirel
Published: June 2023

This article addresses the growing discrepancy between traditional education models and the rapidly changing demands of the labor market, which has been intensified by the Covid-19 pandemic. Recognizing the critical need to reframe educational approaches, the author proposes a shift in focus from job-specific knowledge to the development of universal competencies. These key skills – communication, critical thinking, and problem-solving – are presented as crucial components of an adaptable education system. The author highlights the importance of embedding these skills into curricula to better prepare students for an unpredictable and dynamic job market. The article also emphasizes the necessity of practical problem-solving exercises within education to bridge the gap between theory and real-world application. By overhauling traditional education models and prioritizing these core competencies, the author argues that we can prepare future generations for the complexities and challenges of an evolving global economy.