bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classifying constructive comments
Authors: Kolhatkar Varada , Thain Nithum , Sorensen Jeffrey , Dixon Lucas , Taboada Maite
Published: April 2023

We introduce the Constructive Comments Corpus (C3), comprised of 12,000 annotated news comments, intended to help build new tools for online communities to improve the quality of their discussions. We define constructive comments as high-quality comments that make a contribution to the conversation. We explain the crowd worker annotation scheme and de ne a taxonomy of subcharacteristics of constructiveness. The quality of the annotation scheme and the resulting dataset is evaluated using measurements of inter-annotator agreement, expert assessment of a sample, and by the constructiveness sub-characteristics, which we show provide a proxy for the general constructiveness concept. We provide models for constructiveness trained on C3 using both feature-based and a variety of deep learning approaches and demonstrate, through domain adaptation experiments, that these models capture general rather than topic- or domain-specific characteristics of constructiveness. We also examine the role that length plays in our models, as comment length could be easily gamed if models depend heavily upon this feature. By examining the errors made by each model and their distribution by length, we show that the best performing models are effective independently of comment length. The constructiveness corpus and our experiments pave the way for a moderation tool focused on promoting comments that make a meaningful contribution, rather than only filtering out undesirable content.
The Impact of Labor, Capital, Energy and Income Growth on Environmental Degradation in Selected Developed Countries
Authors: Ditta Allah , Hashmi Muhammad Saeed , Anis Ammara , Maqbool Muhammad Shahid
Published: April 2023

This study observes the persuade of labour force, capital formation, energy use, urbanization and income growth on environmental degradations and confirm the EKC with Consumption of energy in selected developed nations using the panel data during the time period 1995 to 2021. The estimated outcomes of the paper illustrate that when use of energy increases the environmental quality improves. The association between income growth and carbon emission is negative and statistically significant in the long run while, positive in the short run in case of selected developed countries. In long-term labour force and capital formation has positive influence on carbon emanation. Carbon emissions initially rise as consumption of energy rises in the long-term, but after a particular position, it starts reduce. This study suggests that environment can be improved by income growth in the selected developed countries. Controlling urbanization development will allow for a reduction in carbon emissions while enhancing agricultural practices. To reduce carbon emissions, energy usage should be effectively managed and optimized. Furthermore, direction of environmental degradation can be reduced by income growth with optimal use of capital and labor to achievement of better climate conditions.
التأمين الإلزامي على عيوب البناء الخفية في النظام السعودي
Authors:   طالبة ماجستير، كلية الحقوق، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, برناوي أماني
Published: April 2023

تبحث هذه الدراسة في مسألة تأمين العيوب الخفية التي تظهر في المباني والإنشاءات في ضوء الأنظمة السعودية والأنظمة القانونية المقارنة، وتخص بالتفصيل وثيقة التأمين الإلزامي لتغطية عيوب البناء الخفية الصادرة من مؤسسة النقد السعودي، مع الوقوف على نظام كود البناء السعودي، واللذان يمثلان المحاولة الأولى لتنظيم أحكام عيوب البناء الخفية وتأمينه في المملكة العربية السعودية. وقد رأينا حرص المنظم السعودي على حماية المباني ومالكيها، وسعيه لإيجاد نوع من التوازن في هذه المسألة من خلال فرض مسؤولية المقاول والمهندس عن ضمان عيوب البناء خلال عشرة سنوات من تاريخ تسليم العمل بموجب نظام كود البناء السعودي ولائحته التنفيذية، والذي نص على أن المصمم المشرف الذي يشرف على تنفيذ البناء والمقاول متضامنين عن تعويض مالك المبنى عن أضرار الهدم الكلي أو الجزئي للمباني التي شيدوها أو المنشآت التي قاموا بإنشائها خلال عشرة سنوات من تسليمها من جهة، وفرض التأمين الإلزامي على عيوب البناء الخفية من جهة أخرى كوسيلة تكميلية للضمان، وذلك من أجل توفير الحماية القصوى للمباني والمشاريع الإنشائية ومالكيها في المملكة. تم تقسيم هذه الدراسة إلى مبحثين رئيسين، تناول المبحث الأول نطاق التغطية التأمينية لعيوب البناء الخفية على ثلاثة مطالب، المطلب الأول: النطاق الشخصي للتغطية التأمينية، وفي المطلب الثاني: النطاق الزماني للتغطية التأمينية، والمطلب الثالث: النطاق الموضوعي للتغطية التأمينية. كما عرض المبحث الثاني آثار عقد التأمين الإلزامي لعيوب البناء الخفية، على مطلبين: المطلب الأول: التزامات المؤمن، والمطلب الثاني: التزامات المؤمن له.
مدى تأثير الإعلام المرئي على ترويج الفعاليات الرياضية المحلية (دراسة على عينة من طلاب كلية السياحة بجامعة الملك عبد العزيز)
Authors:   ماجستير تنفيذي في ادارة الفعاليات والمناسبات، كلية السياحة، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, السفياني محمد , القرشي محمد ,   أستاذ مشارك، وكيل كلية السياحة للشؤون التعليمية، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: April 2023

يهدف البحث إلى معرفة مدى تأثير وسائل الإعلام المرئية لترويج الفعاليات الرياضية المحلية كبرامج التلفزيون، والإعلام الجديد (تطبيقات وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي) من خلال التنوع الشمولي في المواد الإعلامية لتشمل كافة الأنشطة الرياضية، وكذلك تنوع الوسائل الإعلامية للوصول إلى كافة شرائح الجمهور، مما ينعكس على الترويج للفعاليات وحدوث التفاعل المرجو من إقامة أنواع مختلفة من الفعاليات الرياضية والتي تعتبر حديثة على مجتمعنا المحلي، وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي ليتمكن من الوصول الى نتائج تفيد الموضوع. واستخدم الباحث مصدرين أساسيين للمعلومات اولاً مصادر البيانات الثانوية والمتمثلة في الكتب العلمية، والدراسات السابقة القريبة من موضوع البحث، والمقالات الصحفية، والمواقع الإلكترونية، ذات الصلة بموضوع البحث، والاستبيان كأداة رئيسية للبحث، تم تطبيق الدراسة على عينة عشوائية من طلاب كلية السياحة بجامعة الملك عبد العزيز، والذين بلغ عددهم 323 طالب، بناءً على حجم العينة التقريبي المناسب للعدد الكلي والبالغ 1819 طالب، للفصل الأول من العام الدراسي 1444هـ، وتوصل الباحث إلى نتائج والتي كان من أبرزها: أهمية قطاع الإعلام بالنسبة لقطاع الفعاليات، وأهمية قطاع الفعاليات بالنسبة لقطاع السياحة، والترويج الفعال للفعالية الرياضية الحديث إقامتها يبدأ بالتثقيف بها وبقواعدها وكل ما يخص طريقة اداءها، ثم يأتي دور الترويج لإقامتها، ولم يعد الإعلام المرئي مرهون بأصحاب المهنة الإعلامية، بل كل من لديه هاتف ذكي يستطيع ان يكون إعلامي أثناء تغطيته وبثه للمادة الإعلامية عبر وسائل الإعلام الجديد.
Non-Compact Semigroups and Controllability of Fractional Evolution Equations of Order (1, 2)
Authors: Arshad Hafiza Maria , Sherazi Syed Zargham Haider , Iqbal Mehwish , Mehmood Muhammad Usman
Published: April 2023

This work present the controllability of fractional evolution equations of order (1, 2).We use the fractional calculus, the Monch fixed point (MFP) theorem and measure of non-compactness (MNC). A controllability result is given out for the nonlocal Cauchy problem of the fractional evolution equations including noncompact semigroups (NCSG) and the functions by excluding Lipschitz continuity. The associated theorems and properties are demonstrated in detail and an example is stated to clarify the effectiveness of the theoretical outcomes.
Approximating solutions of fuzzy stochastic fractional integro-evolution equations with the Averaging Principle: Theory and Applications
Authors: Arshad Hafiza Maria , Shafqat Ramsha
Published: April 2023

This paper introduces the averaging principle (AP) as a method for solving fuzzy stochastic fractional integro-evolution equations (FSFIEEs). By making certain assumptions, the solutions of FSFIEEs can be estimated as mean square solutions of averaged fuzzy stochastic systems. This technique simplifies the analysis and comprehension of complex systems that are subject to both randomness and uncertainty.
CURRENT STATE OF BANK LENDING TO SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Дускалиев А.С. , Тюмамбаева А.Г. , Абдешова А.Ш. , Duskaliev A. , Tyumambayeva А. , Abdeshova A.
Published: April 2023

Қазіргі жағдайда Қазақстан Республикасының өзекті міндеттерінің бірі шағын және орта бизнесті барынша дамыту болып табылады. Шағын және орта бизнес мемлекеттің экономикалық әл-ауқатына тікелей әсер етеді. Ал ол көп жағдайда халықты жұмыспен қамту, ішкі нарықты отандық тауарлармен толтыру, мемлекеттік бюджетті толықтыру және бәсекелестік орта құру мәселелерін шешуге байланысты. Шағын және орта бизнесті дамытуды басқару Қазақстан Республикасының саясатының стратегиялық мәселесі болып табылады. Шағын және орта бизнестің жұмыс істеуі айтарлықтай қаржылық салымдармен байланысты, олар негізінен қарыз қаражаты есебінен жүзеге асырылуы мүмкін. Көбінесе шағын және орта кәсіпкерлік субъектілері негізгі қорларды сатып алу, өндірістік базасын ұлғайту, ағымдағы шығындар мен кассалық кемшіліктерді жабу, бизнесін кеңейту үшін несие алады. Сондықтан несие ресурстарының қолжетімділігі бүгінгі таңда шағын және орта бизнесті дамытуда маңызды рөл атқарады. Мемлекет шағын және орта бизнеске салықтық жеңілдіктер, кәсіпкерлік субъектілерінің бұрын алған несиелері бойынша пайыздық жеңілдіктер, ренталық төлемдер бойынша жеңілдіктер түрінде қолдау көрсетіп келеді. Дегенмен, осыған қарамастан, бұл аспектіде проблемалар әлі де бар. Бұл мақалада шағын және орта бизнесті несиелендірудің қазіргі жағдайына талдау жасалып, осы аспектідегі қалыптасқан мәселелер айқындалып, оларды шешу бойынша жолдары ұсынылған.

In the current situation, one of the urgent tasks of the Republic of Kazakhstan is to maximise the development of small and medium-sized businesses. Small and medium business directly affects the economic wellbeing of the state. And in most cases it depends on solving the tasks of providing employment to the population, filling the domestic market with domestic goods, replenishing the state budget and creating a competitive environment. Management of SME development is a strategic policy issue for the Republic of Kazakhstan. The functioning of SMEs is associated with significant financial investments, which can be carried out mainly with borrowed funds. Often SMEs take out loans to acquire fixed assets, increase their production base, cover running costs and cash shortages, and expand their business. Therefore, the availability of credit resources today plays an important role in the development of SMEs. The state supports small and medium-sized businesses in the form of tax exemptions, interest relief on previously obtained loans of business entities, and relief on rent payments. However, in spite of this, problems still exist in this aspect. This article analyses the current situation of SME lending, identifies existing problems in this aspect, and proposes ways to solve them.
LABOR RESOURCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN FROM THE POSITION OF FORMATION OF COMPETITIVE HUMAN CAPITAL
Authors: Имашев А.Б. , Турекулова Д.М. , Мухамбетова Л.К. , Естурлиева А.И. , Imashev A. , Turekulova D. , Mukhambetova L. , Yesturliyeva A.
Published: April 2023

В современных условиях качество человеческого капитала определяет успех развитых стран на мировом рынке и обеспечивает выпуск конкурентоспособной наукоемкой продукции. При этом в отдельных государствах в составе национального богатства доля человеческого капитала превышает 70 %. Несмотря на определенное достижение позитивных результатов в развитии человеческого капитала, показатели Казахстана все еще отстают от среднего значения в регионе Европы и, в Центральной Азии. В связи с этим особенно важно, чтобы социально-экономические реформы в республике были нацелены на преодоление негативных тенденций и создание условий для успешного развития конкурентоспособного человеческого капитала. Достижение высоких качественных параметров казахстанских работников возможно при формировании в первую очередь полноценного капитала образования и здоровья. Установлено, что происходит увеличение затрат на образование в целом, но неоправданно низки расходы на систему высшего и послевузовского образования. Проанализированы основные показатели системы здравоохранения, которые обеспечивают формирование капитала здоровья, выступающего одной из важных составляющих человеческого капитала. Определены основные проблемы сфер образования и здравоохранения, препятствующие развитию конкурентоспособного человеческого капитала.

The success of developed countries in conquering world markets and producing competitive high-tech products is primarily due to the availability of high-quality human capital. Currently, more than 50% of economically active citizens of developed countries are engaged in mental labor. At the same time, in some states, the share of human capital in the national wealth exceeds 70%. Despite a certain achievement of positive results in the development of human capital, Kazakhstan's indicators still lag behind the average in the region of Europe and Central Asia. In this regard, it is especially important that socio-economic reforms in the republic are aimed at overcoming negative trends and creating conditions for the successful development of competitive human capital. Achieving high quality parameters of Kazakhstani workers is possible with the formation of a full-fledged capital of education and health in the first place. It is established that there is an increase in the costs of education in general, but unjustifiably low costs for the system of higher and postgraduate education. The main indicators of the healthcare system providing the formation of health capital, which is one of the important components of human capital, are analyzed. The main problems of education and healthcare that hinder the development of competitive human capital are identified.
DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN HEALTHCARE OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Лукпанова Ж.О. , Тынгишева А.М. , Lukpanova Zh. , Tyngisheva A.
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена исследованию эффективности государственно-частного партнерства (ГЧП) в системе здравоохранения, посредством экспертного опроса. По результатам проведенного исследования были выявлены риски ГЧП проектов для общественного сектора экономики здравоохранения. В ходе исследования проанализированы возможности формирования эффективной институциональной среды для взаимодействия частного бизнеса и органов государственного управления здравоохранением. Также рассмотрены вопросы внедрения современной методики по оценке эффективности проектов государственно-частного партнерства в системе здравоохранения. По результатам проведенного исследования выделены рекомендации и предложения по развитию проектов государственно-частного партнерства, как инструмента повышения эффективности государственного управления системой здравоохранения в Республике Казахстан. Также авторами рассмотрены вопросы обеспечения информационной открытости соответствующих проектов, способы формирования системы управления рисками при их реализации; необходимость повышения квалификации госслужащих и государственного стимулирования представителей частного сектора в этой сфере; а также необходимость государственного стимулирования социальной ответственности бизнеса. Научные результаты, полученные в ходе исследования, позволили выявить преимущества государственно-частного партнерства в системе здравоохранения, а также широкие возможности государственно-частного партнерства в повышении качества и доступности медицинских услуг, и в целом возможности совершенствования инфраструктуры системы здравоохранения.

The article is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of public-private partnerships in the health care system, through an expert survey. Based on the results of an expert survey, problems of the development of PPP in the healthcare system were identified. The authors substantiated practical recommendations for stimulating the further development of public-private partnerships as a tool for improving the efficiency of public administration of the healthcare system in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the course of the study, the possibilities of forming an effective institutional environment for the interaction of private business and public health authorities are analyzed. The issues of the introduction of modern methods of evaluating the effectiveness of public-private partnership projects in the healthcare system are analyzed. The authors also considered the issues of ensuring information openness of relevant projects, ways to form a risk management system during their implementation; the need for advanced training of civil servants and state incentives for private sector representatives in this area; as well as the need for state incentives for social responsibility of business.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STATISTICAL REPORTING OF OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES IN THE EEC COUNTRIES
Authors: Абикенова Ш.К. , Кульмагамбетова Э.А. , Абдрахманова Н.Б. , Айтимова Ш.Т. , Abikenova Sh. , Kulmagambetova E. , Abdrakhmanova N. , Aitimova Sh.
Published: April 2023

Важнейшей составляющей системы обеспечения безопасного труда в Республике Казахстан является принятие решений на основе достоверной статистической информации по производственному травматизму на предприятиях Казахстана, а также обеспечение оперативности реактивных мер по возникающим рискам. Официальная статистика - неразделимая часть информационной системы (ИС) демократично развивающихся обществ, которая нацелена на предоставление правительству, обществу и экономическому сектору информацию о состоянии социальной, экономической, экологической и демографической и других сфер. Для выполнения данной задачи статистические системы должны быть построены на эффективной правовой и институциональной среде функционирования. Всесторонний обзор и сравнительный анализ особенностей методологии формирования статистических показателей по вопросам обеспечения безопасного труда в Республике Казахстан, раскрыли проблемные аспекты данной системы, которые могут послужить главными механизмами актуализации индикаторов и показателей государственной системы наблюдений данной области. В данной статье рассматривается проблема использования статистической информации при анализе производственного травматизма как основного показателя, характеризующего условия и охрану труда на предприятиях, так рассмотрены вопросы формирования статической отчетности по производственному травматизму в отечественной и международной практике.

The most important component of the system of ensuring safe work in the Republic of Kazakhstan is decision-making based on reliable statistical information on occupational injuries at enterprises in Kazakhstan, as well as ensuring the efficiency of reactive measures for emerging risks. Official statistics is an inseparable part of the information system (IS) of democratically developing societies, which aims to provide the government, society and the economic sector with information on the state of social, economic, environmental, demographic and other spheres. To fulfill this task, statistical systems must be built on an effective legal and institutional environment of functioning. A comprehensive review and comparative analysis of the features of the methodology for the formation of statistical indicators on ensuring safe work in the Republic of Kazakhstan revealed the problematic aspects of this system, which can serve as the main mechanisms for updating indicators and indicators of the state monitoring system in this area. This article deals with the problem of using statistical information in the analysis of occupational injuries as the main indicator characterizing working conditions and occupational safety at enterprises, so the issues of forming static reporting on occupational injuries in domestic and international practice are considered.
INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT OF THE LABOR PROTECTION SYSTEM IN ISRAEL
Authors: Таубаев А.А. , Петренко Е.С. , Турекулова А.Н. , Берназарова Р.Д. , Taubayev A. , Petrenko E. , Turekulova A. , Bernazarova R.
Published: April 2023

В статье рассмотрена система институционального обеспечения безопасности и охраны труда в Израиле, которая включает в себя разветвленную сеть государственных и неправительственных некоммерческих организации, а также физических лиц членов профессиональных сообществ. Целью исследования выступают теоретическое обоснование и критическая оценка уровня институционального обеспечения системы безопасности труда в Израиле на современном этапе. При исследовании были использованы общие и частные методы экономических исследований: метод сравнения и обобщения, расчетно-аналитический метод и метод экспертных оценок, основанные на анализе и имплементации опыта государственных органов Израиля в обеспечении безопасность и гигиена труда. Установлено, что несмотря на довольно представительную сеть институционального обеспечения безопасности и гигиены труда в Израиле, имеются множество проблем в этой сфере, требующих институционального и законодательного решения. В частности, число профессиональных врачей невелико и продолжает сокращаться - ресурсы, выделяемые на профессиональную медицину, тревожно скудны. Также недостаточно прикладных исследований в области гигиены труда. Для решения этих проблем необходимо принять меры для повышения осведомленности о различных типах профессиональных заболеваний и действовать с целостной точки зрения сразу на нескольких уровнях, чтобы исправить существующую ситуацию.

The article examines the system of institutional safety and labor protection in Israel, which includes an extensive network of state and non-governmental non-profit organizations, as well as individual’s members of professional communities. The purpose of the study is a theoretical justification and a critical assessment of the level of institutional provision of the occupational safety system in Israel at the present stage. In the study, general and particular methods of economic research were used: the method of comparison and generalization, the calculation and analytical method and the method of expert assessments based on the analysis and implementation of the experience of Israeli state bodies in ensuring occupational safety and health. It has been established that despite a fairly representative network of institutional occupational safety and health in Israel, there are many problems in this area that require institutional and legislative solutions. In particular, the number of professional doctors is small and continues to decline - the resources allocated to professional medicine are alarmingly scarce. There is also insufficient applied research in the field of occupational health. To solve these problems, it is necessary to take measures to raise awareness of various types of occupational diseases and act from a holistic point of view at several levels at once to correct the existing situation.
Анализ статистики инновационного развития Казахстана
Authors: Turebekova B. , Saparbayeva S. , Zhumatayeva B. , Туребекова Б.О. , Сапарбаева С.С. , Жуматаева Б.А.
Published: April 2023

This article discusses forming and development of innovative statistical system in Kazakhstan. Effective management of innovation becomes an important factor in ensuring high rates of economic growth as well as the level of competitiveness of any national economy. It is evidenced by current trends in world development. There is the significance of informational providing system on innovation is examined, stages of innovation’s statistics showed. The current stage of innovation statistics development is characterized by further improvement of system. It is based on the needs of the country’s economic development. The main objectives of innovation statistics cover a wide range of issues. In the article indicators of innovative statistics of Kazakhstan are analyzed, the conclusions about the problems and prospects of the state policy in the field of innovation and promotion of technology upgrading are made. Special attention is paid to the results of the monitoring the main indicators of implementation Kazakhstan’s innovative development for the years 2003-20.

В данной научной статье рассмотрено становление и развитие системы инновационной статистики в Казахстане. Эффективное управление инновационными процессами становится важнейшим фактором обеспечения высоких темпов экономического роста и уровня конкурентоспособности любой национальной экономики, о чем свидетельствуют современные тенденции мирового развития. Современный этап развития статистики инноваций характеризуется дальнейшим совершенствованием системы инновационной статистики исходя из потребностей экономического развития страны. Основные задачи статистики инноваций охватывают широкий спектр вопросов. В статье продставлен анализ показателей статистики инноваций Республики Казахстан, сделаны выводы о проблемах и перспективах реализации государственной политики в области развития инноваций и содействия технологической модернизации. Особое внимание в статье уделено внимание результатам мониторинга основных показателей реализации инновационного развития Казахстана на 2003-2020 годы.
MODERN MODELS OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Authors: Турекулова Д.М. , Петренко Е.С. , Бекмагамбетов А.Б. , Череева Б.Т. , Turekulova D. , Petrenko E. , Bekmagambetov A. , Chereyeva B.
Published: April 2023

В статье рассматривается вопросы в области охраны труда, поскольку современная ситуация в Казахстане требует разработки комплексных мероприятий в сфере охраны труда, результатом которого должно стать активное взаимодействие государства, работодателей и работников с целью обеспечения благоприятной производственной среды. Авторами статьи сделан акцент на необходимость использования зарубежного опыта по управлению охраны труда как в нормативной, так и в правовой деятельности, и чтобы на смену устаревшим моделям управления охраны труда пришли новые жизнеспособные модели. В этой связи был проведен анализ действующих моделей управления охраной труда на примере Японии и Германии. Дана оценка результатам применения представленных моделей в условиях Казахстана. Проведен обзор литературы, который показал важность охраны труда жизнеобеспечения деятельности предприятия и государства. Результаты исследования показали, что концепция «нулевого травматизма» используемого в Японии дали положительные результаты, которые были в дальнейшем приняты Международной ассоциацией социального обеспечения, и широко стали использоваться другими странами, в том числе Казахстаном. А также практика использования инспекторов труда, применяющиеся в Германии, была оценена в условиях казахстанских реалиях.

The article deals with issues in the field of labor protection, since the current situation in Kazakhstan requires the development of comprehensive measures in the field of labor protection, which should result in active interaction between the state, employers and employees in order to ensure a favorable working environment. The authors of the article emphasize the need to use foreign experience in occupational safety management both in regulatory and legal activities, and to replace outdated models of occupational safety management with new viable models. In this regard, the analysis of the current models of occupational safety management was carried out on the example of Japan and Germany. The evaluation of the results of the application of the presented models in the conditions of Kazakhstan is given. A review of the literature was conducted, which showed the importance of occupational safety and life support for the activities of the enterprise and the state. The results of the study showed that the concept of "zero injuries" used in Japan gave positive results, which were later adopted by the International Social Security Association, and were widely used by other countries, including Kazakhstan. And also the practice of using labor inspectors used in Germany was evaluated in the conditions of Kazakhstan realities.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN PAVLODAR REGION
Authors: Арынова З.А. , Кайдарова Л.К. , Рахметуллина Ш.Ж. , Жусупов Е.А. , Arynova Z. , Kaidarova L. , Rakhmetullina Sh. , Zhussupov Ye.
Published: April 2023

Мақалада ауыл шаруашылығын тиімді дамыту кез-келген мемлекеттің экономикасы үшін елдің азық-түлік қауіпсіздігі мәселелерін шешудегі маңызды міндет болып табылатындығы атап өтілген. Мақалада Павлодар облысының ауыл шаруашылығының қазіргі жай-күйіне жүргізілген талдамалық бағалау нәтижелері көрсетілді. Бұл ретте мақалада Павлодар облысы экономикасының аграрлық секторының үдемелі және орнықты дамуы агроөнеркәсіптік кешеннің дамуын реттеу және қолдау бойынша мемлекет жүргізіп отырған саясаттың қорытындысы болып табылатыны атап көрсетілген. Алынған нәтижелер өңірлік АӨК жұмыс істеуіне осы кешеннің тиімді дамуына ықпал ететін және сонымен бірге оны тежейтін көп бағытты факторлардың тұтас жүйесі әсер ететінін көрсетеді. Соңғыларының АӨК салаларының жұмыс істеу нәтижелілігіне әсері басым екенін атап өткен жөн. Бұл жағдай осы саланы мемлекеттік қолдаудың тиімділігін едәуір төмендетеді және осы факторлардың теріс әсерін жеңуге мемлекеттік ресурстарды шоғырландыру қажеттілігін негіздейді. Зерттеудің практикалық маңыздылығы мынада: алынған нәтижелер, нақты ұсыныстар түрінде ұсынылған негізгі тұжырымдар аймақтағы ауыл шаруашылығы саласының тиімділігін арттыру және басқарудың әртүрлі деңгейлерінде агроөнеркәсіптік кешенді қолдау жөніндегі іс-шараларды іске асыру кезінде теориялық және ғылыми-әдістемелік негіздер ретінде пайдаланылуы мүмкін.

The article notes that the effective development of agriculture is the most important task for the economy of any state in solving the issues of food security of the country. The article reflects the results of the analytical assessment of the current state of agriculture of the Pavlodar region. At the same time, the article emphasizes that the progressive and sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the economy of the Pavlodar region is the result of the state's policy of regulating and supporting the development of the agro-industrial complex. The results obtained show that the functioning of the regional agro-industrial complex is influenced by a whole system of multidirectional factors that contribute to the effective development of this complex and at the same time restrain it. It should be noted that the influence of the latter on the effectiveness of the functioning of agricultural industries is predominant. This circumstance largely reduces the effectiveness of state support for this area and justifies the need to concentrate state resources to overcome the negative impact of these factors. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results obtained, the main conclusions presented in the form of specific recommendations, can be used as theoretical and scientific and methodological foundations for the implementation of measures to improve the efficiency of the agricultural sector in the region and support the agro-industrial complex at various levels of management.
DIAGNOSTICS OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF FUNCTIONING OF GRAIN CLUSTER ENTERPRISES
Authors: Бейсекова П.Д. , Уркумбаева А.Р. , Калпакбаева Ж.М. , Сауранова М.М. , Beisekova P. , Urkumbaeva A. , Kalpakbaeva Zh. , Sauranova M.
Published: April 2023

Мақалада Қазақстанның АӨК-нің жетекші саласы астық өнімдері кешені қаралды. Астық өнімдері кәсіпорындарының тұрақты жұмыс істеуі үшін кедергі келтіретін тетіктер анықталды. Отандық ауыл шаруашылығы кешеніндегі астық өндірісінің даму параметрлеріне үлкен әсер ете отырып, сол арқылы оның жұмыс істеуін жеделдететін немесе баяулататын экономикалық, ұйымдастырушылық, техника-технологиялық және басқа да факторлар жүйесінің күрделі өзара іс-қимылында жүргізіледі. Ағымдағы кезеңдегі әлеуметтік-экономикалық жағдайлардың күрделілігін ескере отырып, ұлттық экономиканың неғұрлым сұранысқа ие секторларындағы астық өнімдері кіші кешені ауыл шаруашылық кластеріне кіреді. Осыған байланысты ұлттық саясаттың басым бағыты аграрлық сектордың әртүрлі салаларында құлдырауды болдырмау ғана емес, сонымен қатар ел ішіндегі қажеттіліктерді толық қамтамасыз ету үшін өнім шығару көлемін ұлғайту жолдары көрсетілді. Мұндай тәсіл АӨК барлық субъектілерінің күш-жігерін біріктіруді, қызметті үйлестіруді және жоғары түпкі нәтижеге қол жеткізудегі көрсеткіштер көрсетілген. Мақала авторлары астық өнімдері кластері салаларында өндірісті дамыту өндірістік – шаруашылық қызметті жүзеге асырудың жаңа, неғұрлым тиімді нысандарын іздеу мен пайдалануды талап ететінін атап өтті. Астық нарығы ауылшаруашылық тауарөндірушілер, дайындау, сақтау, қайта дайындау кәсіпорындарының жұмыс істеу көрсеткіштері талданды. Қорытындыда мақалада талданылған астық өнімдері кластерінің жұмыс істеундегі ақауларды мейілінше азайтуға ұсыныстар көрсетілді.

A great influence on the parameters of the development of grain production in the domestic agricultural complex occurs in the complex interaction of economic, organizational, technical and technological systems and other factors that accelerate or slow down its functioning. Given the complexity of the socio-economic conditions of the current period, the subcomplex of grain products in the most popular sectors of the national economy is included in the agricultural cluster. In this regard, the priority direction of the national policy is not only to prevent a recession in various sectors of the agricultural sector, but also to ensure an increase in output both to fully meet domestic needs and to increase exports. Such an approach requires the combined efforts of all subjects of the agro-industrial complex, coordination of activities and a targeted focus on achieving a high final result. The article notes that the development of production in the sectors of the economy of Kazakhstan requires the search and use of new, more effective forms of production and economic activity. One of the main methods of solving this problem is the integration of commodity producers, which allows combining all the links of the reproduction cycle into a single complex in the technological chain "processing of raw materials – production of finished products".
Effect of Abdominal Muscle Exercise on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Normal Healthy Female Individuals
Authors: D. Thakkar Vidhi , Shah Sweety
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Expiration is a passive process and achieved through the elastic recoil of the lung. During forceful expiration, abdominal muscles are used. They may get weak due to nerve involvement, disuse atrophy, stretch weakness due to parity, diastasis recti etc. In females, Pregnancy and post-natal muscle weakness, successive pregnancies are factors that compromise abdominal muscle strength and endurance. It has been evaluated that person with partial or complete weakness of abdominal muscles is unable to cough and produce forced expiration effectively which affects in clearing secretions from the lungs. Adequate clearance of airway is an essential component. Peak expiratory flow rate is one of the important parameters in pulmonary function testing that evaluate cough strength. Abdominal muscle strengthening exercise is safe and beneficial for any normal individual. Which can improve peak expiratory flow rate which improves quality of life.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Interventional study with Purposive sampling was done. Females aged between 18 to 40 years and having Fair abdominal muscle endurance (ACSM Abdominal curl up test) were taken. Individual having Recent abdominal surgeries, undergoing any exercise program, , Smokers ,COPD, angina, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury ,Hernia, back pain, Diastasis recti, Pregnant females were excluded. Total there was 4 Weeks of abdominal muscle exercise program given. Before and after exercise program PEFR and abdominal endurance was checked.
RESULTS: Result showed significant improvement of PEFR and abdominal endurance in females.
CONCLUSION: Abdominal muscles exercise may improve pulmonary function performance.

Key words: Peak expiatory flow rate, abdominal muscle exercise.
Correlation of Perceived Mental Stress and Pulmonary Function Among Hypertensive Adults in the Age Group of 30-50 years - An Observational Study
Authors: Gawand Aayusha , Kothary Khyati , Manwadkar Shweta
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Hypertension is increasing in India and is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It has been linked to many diseases. Several studies showed that hypertension and lung function are associated causing reduction in lung function. Also stress has been listed as a potential and important cause of hypertension. But there was paucity of information about the stress having an effect on lung function in hypertensive adults, thus there was a need to conduct this study.
Materials and Method: The study comprised of 72 controlled hypertensive adults. Stress was assessed using Perceived stress scale and the lung function was assessed using a Spirometer (Spirobank II). Data was collected and recorded in the Excel 2016 spreadsheet and analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to analyze the normality of the data. Since the data has not passed the normality test, Spearman’s correlation test was used for calculating the correlation.
Results: There was a very weak correlation between Perceived stress scale (PSS) score and FEV 1 which was statistically not significant (p>0.05). A weak correlation was found between PSS score and FVC which was statistically significant (p<0.05).PSS was negatively correlated with both the parameters of PFT (FEV1 and FVC) and there was no correlation between PSS and FEV1/FVC.
Conclusion: Increased perceived stress levels may affect the lung function in hypertensive adults.

Key words: Hypertension, Controlled hypertension, Pulmonary function, Stress, depression, lung function
Prevalence of Diastasis of Rectus Abdominis Muscles in Young Adult with Back Pain: A Pilot Study
Authors: Damor Vinal , Charpot Sunil
Published: April 2023

Background: Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) diagnosis via clinical examination is well defined. Abdominal muscles are important spinal stabilizers and its poor coordination, as seen in diastasis of rectus abdominis (DRA), may contribute to low back pain
Objectives: This pilot study to find out the prevalence of DRA in young adults with Back pain.
Methods: Using a finger width palpation method. Standard clinical DRA measurement was performed in 213 participants with or without low back pain in both genders.
Results: Out of 268 subjects (219 female, 49 male) only 2.98% had complain of back pain. So back pain is not correlate with DRA and BMI significantly. Only 17.74 % adults had 1 cm inter-rectus distance which is normal at umbilical level
Conclusion: The result of this study shows that young adult gets affected by back pain but not significantly.
This study concludes that there is equal IRD measurement in both genders irrespective of age sex and BMI and no significant prevalence of DRA in young adults.

Key words: Diastasis Rectus Abdominis, inter-rectus distance, body mass index, low back pain
Health Seeking Behaviour of Community People in Lalitpur District of Nepal
Authors: Poudel Shanti , K.C Poonam , Mandal Reena
Published: April 2023

Background: Health seeking behavior is any action taken by an individual who perceive themselves to have any health problems or to be ill, for an appropriate remedy. It can be determined by physical, socioeconomic, cultural or political, environmental, socio-demographic, knowledge, gender issues, political environment and health care system. Individual have different opinion regarding willingness to seek health from health care services. The general objective is to assess the health seeking behavior of community people in Lalitpur district of Nepal.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on community people of Mahalaxmi municipality in Lalitpur district of Nepal with the sample size 221. Probability proportionate method was used to select the ward and household, and respondents were selected purposively. Self-developed structure questionnaire was used to collect data using interview technique. Data management, analysis and interpretation were done using both descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS version 16 software.
Results: Among 221 respondents, 84.6% of respondents seek health care services whereas 15.4 % did not seek health last time they were ill. The most frequently reported places to seek health care services were modern health facility (modern medication) (82.4%) followed by Self-medication (11.4%), alternative medication (4.6%) and traditional healer (1.6%) respectively. There was statistically significance association between health seeking behavior of community people with marital status (p=0.002), occupation (p=0.001), level of education (p=0.030), source of income (p<0.001), monthly income (p<0.006), duration of illness (p=0.008) and availability of nearest health care services (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Study concluded that most of the respondents used modern medication while last time they were ill, such as hospital, clinic and health post as a first choice to treat health problem. The reasons for not seeking health care services were due to far distance, lack of money, lack of family support, lack of knowledge. Thus, awareness programmes are essential in community people for appropriate used of available health care services.

Key words: Community people, Health seeking behavior, Utilization of health care services.
Effectiveness of Truncal Motor Imagery Practice on Trunk Performance, Gait Performance and Functional Outcome Among Patients with Acute Hemiparetic Stroke
Authors: Kumar T.K. Santhosh , Selvaeswaran R. , Dharshini V. Dhiviya
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: “Motor imagery” is considered to be as one of the latest rehabilitation strategies to treat the post-stroke disabilities. It is beneficial to treat upper and lower limb motor impairment in stroke patients, but the effect of imagery in the trunk recovery have not been reported yet.
OBJECTIVE: To find the effectiveness of truncal motor imagery practice on trunk performance, gait performance and functional outcome among the patients with acute hemiparetic stroke.
METHODOLOGY: A quasi-experimental study with a purposive sampling technique was conducted at KMCH institute of health sciences, Coimbatore. Patients who were clinically diagnosed with stroke and fit the study's eligibility criteria were chosen and were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A (30 patients) received Truncal motor imagery technique along with conventional therapy and Group B (30 patients) received conventional therapy alone as 1 session(90min) /day, 4 days a week for 6 weeks.
OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome measures such as trunk performance, gait performance, functional outcome were assessed with trunk impairment scale (TIS), Dynamic gait index(DGI) and functional independence measure respectively.
RESULTS: Among 60 patients included in the study, The outcomes were measured in three different time periods and were analysed with One way ANOVA. Post hoc analysis was done with Tukey’s HSD test analysis effect size showed statistically significant improvement (p< .05)
CONCLUSION: Truncal motor imagery in addition to the physical practice showed benefits in improving trunk performance, gait performance and functional outcome among patients with acute hemiparetic stroke.

Keywords: [Motor imagery, trunk performance, gait performance, functional outcome, acute hemiparetic stroke.]
Studi Pengelolaan Keuangan Alokasi Dana Desa Di Desa Sukamaju Kecamatan Cilawu Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Hermawan Yusuf
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini berawal dari masih adanya permasalahan yang dihadapi pemerintah desa Sukamaju dalam pengelolaan keuangan alokasi dana desa Tahun Anggaran 2021. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengelolaan keuangan alokasi dana desa di Desa Sukamaju Kecamatan Cilawu Kabupaten Garut Tahun Anggaran 2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif sedangkan desain penelitian yaitu kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan keuangan alokasi dana desa mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri nomor 20 tahun 2018 tentang Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa. Pengelolaan keuangan alokasi dana desa di desa Sukamaju Kecamatan Cilawu Kabupaten Garut dilaksanakan berdasarkan tahapan kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pelaporan dan pertanggungjawaban. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan belum sepenuhnya terlaksana sesuai dengan  Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri nomor 20 tahun 2018 tentang Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa. Sedangkan kegiatan penantausahaan, pelaporan dan pertanggungjawaban keuangan alokasi dana desa relatif sudah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan tersebut.
ANALISIS PENGETAHUAN REMAJA TENTANG PROGRAM GENERASI BERENCANA
Authors: Tanjung Rani Darma Sakti , Nasution Fitriyani , Ramadani Vepy Sri
Published: April 2023

Remaja umumnya memang amat rentan terhadap pengaruh eksternal. Karena proses pencarian jati diri, mereka mudah sekali terombang-ambing, dan masih merasa sulit menentukan tokoh panutannya. Remaja juga mudah terpengaruh oleh gaya hidup masyarakat di sekitarnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan remaja tentang generasi berencana (GenRe). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Analitik. Lokasi penelitian di SMU Negeri 1 Marbau. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2021. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 746 orang, sedangkan sampel diperoleh sebanyak 88 orang. Data dianalisis secara Deskriptif (univariat) yang disajikan dalam tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan siswa SMA Negeri 1 Marbau tentang program generasi berencana dalam kategori kurang (60,2%). Berdasarkan umur, siswa berumur 15 tahun dan 16 tahun berpengetahuan kurang, sedangkan siswa berumur 17 tahun dan 18 tahun berpengetahuan baik. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, siswa laki-laki dan perempuan karena kedua-duanya berpengetahuan kurang. Berdasarkan sumber informasi, siswa yang mendapatkan banyak informasi (baik) cenderung memiliki pengetahuan baik sedangkan yang mendapatkan sedikit (kurang baik) cenderung memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik tentang program keluarga berencana.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP PRILAKU PEMBUANGAN OBAT TIDAK TERPAKAI DI RUMAH TANGGA DI WILAYAH DESA EMBACANG GEDANG KABUPATEN BUNGO
Authors: Harahap Novi Erviana , Maimum Maimum , Lestari Intan Permata
Published: April 2023

Meningkatnya akumulasi obat tidak terpakai pada rumah tangga tidak hanya menyebabkan pemborosan obat tetapi dapat menyebabkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat jika metode pembuangan obat yang dilakukan tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan dan perilaku pembuangan obat tidak terpakai serta untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan terhadap perilaku pembuangan obat tidak terpakai pada rumah tangga di wilayah Desa Embacang Gedang Kabupaten Bungo. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Non-Experimental Korelasional, dengan rancangan Cross Sectional Study Design yang dilakukan pada kalangan ibu rumah tangga di wilayah Desa Embacang Gedang Kabupaten Bungo dengan menggunakan kuesioner tervalidasi. Metode sampling yang digunakan yaitu non random purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh hasil gambaran tingkat pengetahuan dan perilaku pembuangan obat pada responden menunjukkan bahwa responden dengan kelompok pengetahuan kurang baik (14,56%) menunjukkan perilaku positif (13,3%) dan perilaku negatif (86,7%), kelompok pengetahuan cukup baik (47,58%) menunjukkan perilaku positif (63,3%) dan perilaku negatif (36,7%), serta pada kelompok pengetahuan baik (37,86%) menunjukkan perilaku positif (56,4%) dan perilaku negatif (43,6%). Sedangkan hasil analisis data menggunakan uji chi square diperoleh nilaip=0,114 (p>0,05) yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antarapengetahuan dan perilaku pembuangan obat tidak terpakai pada rumah tangga di wilayah Desa Embacang Gedang Kabupaten Bungo.