bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CURRENT PROBLEMS AND ISSUES OF SELF-DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITIES OF THE FAR NORTH AND THE ARCTIC
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies, Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russian Federation, Gushchina Irina A. , Kondratovich Dmitry L. ,   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies, Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russian Federation, Polozhentseva Olga A. ,   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies, Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of a sociological study – an expert survey on the problems of selfdevelopment of the municipalities of the Far North and the Russian Arctic. Comparisons, generalizations on the most significant issues characterizing the dynamics of self-development of a number of municipalities of the specified territory are made. The constancy of the problems limiting the self-development of municipalities was revealed: lack of financial resources and budget revenues, logistical difficulties due to the focality of settlement and poor transport accessibility, problems of employment and training of in-demand personnel. The importance of expert opinions on the assessment of urgent problems for the development and adjustment of appropriate management decisions is shown.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE PRACTICES OF MANAGEMENT OF STATE PROJECTS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Authors:   PJSC VTB, Moscow, Russia, Petrovskaya Irina V.
Published: January 2023

The article presents a comparative analysis of approaches and methods of state project management in foreign countries in order to identify positive results in state management based on the project approach, taking in to account the similarity of conditions for the introduction of the same techniques to obtain effective practices in the Russian Federation. The author has revealed that the conditions for the functioning of state activities are different, which is based on the implementation of specific goals and objectives to increase the welfare of the population, as a result of which states mainly develop their own methodologies, more or less rely on external professional organizations, such as IPMA and PMI. The Russian Federation will have to develop its own unique methodology based on international standards to improve the effectiveness of the country's strategic development management.
MODERN REQUIREMENTS FOR THE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM, TRANSFORMATION OF THE PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF INTERNAL CONTROL IN THE CONTEXT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANC
Authors:   Higher School of International Education of Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H. M. Berbekov, Nalchik, Russian Federation, Afaunov Vladimir Yu. , Ezeeva Irina R. ,   Gorsky State Agrarian University, Vladikavkaz, Russian Federation, Galabueva Irina L. ,   North Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russian Federation, Kumalagova Elena A. ,   North Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

In the modern world, effective management of an organization is impossible without a regulated internal control system. In difficult economic conditions, there is an increasing interest in creating effective management and control tools. It is difficult to imagine the work of any enterprise without them. The internal control system makes it possible to react in a timely manner and make effective management decisions in circumstances affecting the organization, to adjust the work of the enterprise, to reduce possible risks, to find flaws, to make recommendations. In response to the instability of the economic situation, it is necessary to make a decision promptly and in a timely manner, be able to quickly adapt to the conditions of the external economic environment, and have internal reserves for economic growth.
TRANSFORMATION OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Institute of Public Administration and Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia, Biryukov Alexey E.
Published: January 2023

New technologies, automation of work bring major changes to the business, including personnel management. The author considers some aspects of this process.
THE AUTHORIZED CAPITAL OF THE SUPPLIER IN THE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF PROCUREMENT OF INSURANCE SERVICES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Makarenko Evgeny A. ,   St. Petersburg Polytechnic University of Peter the Great, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Lukina Ekaterina M. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

The article considers options for using the size of the authorized capital of an insurer in risk management as a subcriteria for assessing the financial condition of a potential executor of a contract for insurance services in the framework of competitive procurement (both public and commercial). An analysis is made of the impact of using mechanisms for assessing the volume of the insurer's authorized capital on reducing the competitiveness of purchases and the refusal of potential suppliers to participate in them. An example of introducing a ceiling for assessing the volume of the insurer's authorized capital is considered as a possible option to prevent the risk of market monopolization. An analysis of the dependence of the volume of the authorized capital and the risk of revocation of the license from the insurer was carried out, based on Russian statistics for the last 7 years. The hypothesis that there is no connection between the size of the authorized capital of an insurance company and the probability of its exit from the market was confirmed, in connection with which a proposal was made to exclude such an indicator as the size of the authorized capital from the criteria assessment and introduce minimum requirements for the authorized capital of the insurer participating in the procurement.
Metabolic cellular integration mechanism in sympathetic ganglion
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorelikov Peter L.
Published: January 2023

Content of nucleic acids (NA) dynamics were studied in neuron and glial cells to assess the mechanisms of metabolic cellular integration using an experimental model “off function” nicotine cholinergic receptors (H-XP) in the cranial cervical sympathetic ganglion of rabbits. Content of NA was determined by cytophotometry after staining sections using the Einarson method. The article shows that there is a mechanism in the sympathetic ganglion coordinated metabolic changes neuron and gliocytes NA, an important component of which is the synaptic signal through H-XP.
Formation of the superficial pectoral muscle and quadriceps femoral muscle in chickens of the meat direction of productivity in embryogenesis
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondratov Gleb V. , Stepanishin Viktor V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kumirov Stanislav G. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

Morphological and histological characteristics of the quadriceps femoral muscle and the superficial pectoral muscle in chickens of the meat productivity direction (Brama and Smena-8) on the 14th day of embryogenesis are shown. In the studied muscles, muscle fibers were identified, delimited by the endomysium and combined into bundles, between which the perimysium lies. There is no transverse striation in the muscle fibers. In the structure of the skeletal muscles of the Smena-8 cross, the division of muscle fibers into thin and thick is established. During the study, the thickness of muscle fibers and their bundles, as well as the thickness of the endomysium and perimysium were determined. According to all the studied micromorphometric indicators of the quadriceps femoral muscle and the superficial pectoral muscle, the superiority of the Smena-8 cross over the Brama breed was revealed. The presented results indicate the peculiarities of the formation of skeletal muscles on the 14th day of the embryonic period of development of the organism in chickens of the meat productivity direction, which allows using this information in predicting the productive qualities and genetic potential of crosses and breeds involved in breeding work, including in the comparative aspect. In addition, these data expand the concept of histogenesis of skeletal muscles in various representatives of poultry and can be basic in the issues of their assessment by morphological indicators in certain periods of life.
Breeding value by milk yield of producing bulls as a selection factor for the milk productivity of the firstcalf heifers
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals – branch of Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry – VIZ named after Academician L. K. Ernst, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Rybakov Maxim A. , Tulinova Olga V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals – branch of Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry – VIZ named after Academician L. K. Ernst, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

Studies have been conducted to identify the influence of the father's breeding value (BVF) in milk yield on the superiority of his daughters (BVY1l) over their peers on this trait, lactating in 2020 in the herds of the Leningrad region (n=3062). A positive correlation of BVF with the absolute milk yield of daughters and BVY1l was established, but this relationship is not high (+0,127 and +0,128). The sample is divided into three groups BVF by milk yield (from –410 to +1554 kg of milk): I – BVF milk yield of less than –100 kg («degraders») – 18,9 %; II – BVF milk yield of –100 to +99 kg («neutral») – 35,7 %; III – BVF milk yield of +100 kg or more («improvers») – 45,4 %. In terms of breeding value by milk yield, on average, the first heifers of group I lagged by –75±12 kg, group II – by –3±9 kg, and in group III the superiority was +41±9 kg. But at the same time, regardless of the level of BVF in all selection options, the number of daughters of bulls has both positive and negative value. So, in group I, 29,7 % of animals surpass their peers by +100 kg of milk or more, in group II, 32,8 % of such animals, and in group III, on the contrary, 32,5 % of the first heifers were inferior to their peers by –100 kg or more of milk. Thus, it can be stated that with an increase in BVF, an increase in BVY1l is observed. the descendants of the bull, that is, the official evaluation of the breeding bulls can be used as an animal selection tool to improve the breeding qualities of the herd.
Influence of Ayrshire bulls on economically useful signs of daughters
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals – branch of Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry – VIZ named after Academician L. K. Ernst, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Yakimov Felix D. , Tulinova Olga V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals – branch of Federal Research Center of Animal Husbandry – VIZ named after Academician L. K. Ernst, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study was the influence of Ayrshire bulls on economically useful signs of daughters, which were carried out according to a sample of 1,446 first-calving cows from 58 bulls. On average, the cows in the sample were calved at the age of 27,3±0,1 months. With a live weight of 487±0,4 kg and milked for lactation 6409±33.4 kg of milk .The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) method the strength of the influence of breeding bulls was calculated, which strongly influenced the growth and development of proband in different periods of ontogenesis: height at withers (58,0 %), live weight at birth, at 10, 12, 18 months (from 49,0 to 51,9 %) and on the level of productivity of daughters (41,6 %), which is quite high. A high correlation between the live weight of heifers at birth, at 10, 12, 18 months with the height at the withers of cows after the first calving was revealed (+0,555; +0,487; +0,487; +0,509) and with milk yield for the first lactation (+0,591; +0,522; +0,550; +0,584), as well as the height at the withers with milk yield (+0,457). Therefore, the productivity of cows after the 1st lactation depends on their development in heifers. It was found that the descendants of breeding bulls who exceeded the average sample values for milk yield also had a large live weight at 10 and 12 months and height at the withers.
Assessment of the iridocorneal angle of the eye in cats with different skull structure
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Goncharova Anna V. , Kostalev Vladislav A. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Polyanskiy Egor A. ,   Veterinary clinic «Panvet», Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2023

The study of the structure of the drainage system of the eye in small domestic animals today is one of the priorities for modern veterinary ophthalmology. Along with the clinical assessment of changes in the eyeball with a decrease or increase in intraocular pressure, it is important to identify fundamental aspects in the structure of the iridocorneal angle and its changes depending on the shape of the skull. Nowadays, there is a large amount of information in which the authors focus on changes in the comb ligament and the trabecular meshwork. However, there is no data on the difference in the size of the iridocorneal angle depending on the shape of the skull. The authors of the article present morphometric criteria of the iridocorneal angle in cats with brachycephalic and mesocephalic skull shapes, establish differences in size, and give practical recommendations for using the results of the research. It is shown that cats with different skull shapes have no pronounced deviations in the size of the hyridocorneal angle, while the average size of the angle in brachycephals is on average 20° larger than the size of the angle in mesocephals, which creates prerequisites for the development of secondary glaucoma.
Distribution of respiratory mycoplasmosis of poultry in private backyards and farms
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Nekrasova Elizaveta A. , Lunegov Alexander M. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kryukova Vera V. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Ivannikova Regina F. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

Currently, due to specific circumstances, the number of poultry farms in the Leningrad Region had sharply decreased, and the incubation station has stopped selling daily young poultry to the population. The interested population of the region (private farms, summer residents, private farmsteads) had the opportunity to buy in the spring and summer the undergrown young of laying hens, the young of egg-bearing chickens and the daily young of poultry for fattening. In view of the strict provision of veterinary and sanitary welfare of industrial enterprises and incubation stations, the population was guaranteed to receive poultry that was safe for a number of infectious and parasitic diseases. This article demonstrates the disadvantage of such a disease as respiratory mycoplasmosis of poultry caused by Mycoplasma gallinosepticum. In Russia, this pathogen is found everywhere, especially in private poultry farms. In epizootological terms, the causative agent of respiratory mycoplasmosis of poultry behaves as an immunosuppressor, reducing the bird's natural resistance to such conditionally pathogenic microorganisms as E. Coli, Staphilococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. The article demonstrates the results of PCR examination of tracheal mucus and nasal discharge of birds with signs of respiratory disorders in 20 private farms of the Kirovsky district of the Leningrad region. The purpose of the article is to identify the circulation of respiratory mycoplasmosis in private poultry farms on the example of the Kirovsky district of the Leningrad region.As a result, a high circulation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum was detected in the surveyed farms.
Study of the safety of the vaccine against mastitis and endometritis in cattle
Authors:   Federal Research Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K .I. Skriabin and Ya. R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Ivanov Evgeniy V.
Published: January 2023

In the work, studies were carried out related to the safety of vaccines inactivated against mastitis and endometritis when administered to cattle. It has been shown that the introduction of the vaccine is easily tolerated by target animals of different ages when administered once and twice in the recommended and doubled doses. Injection of the drug in experimental animals does not cause any problems or systemic adverse reactions. The conducted studies confirm the safety of the vaccine against mastitis and endometritis in cattle and allow us to start studying its specific effectiveness.
Study of acute toxicity of protein hydrolysate
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rogov Roman V. , Muradyan Zh. Yu. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kruglova Yulia S. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of preclinical tests of acute oral toxicity of a protein hydrolyzate. The study of the parameters of acute oral toxicity of the protein hydrolyzate was carried out in the conditions of the Department of Disease Diagnostics, Therapy, Obstetrics and Animal Reproduction of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin" and on the basis of the International Research Center for Human Health, Animals and the Environment (OOO MNIC «OZOS»). The experiment included white outbred rats weighing 180–210 g. The weight of the animals is indicated before the administration of the drug. There were 6 individuals in each group. The parameters of the study of acute oral toxicity were determined according to the generally accepted methodology described in the manual for the experimental study of new pharmacological substances R. U. Khabrieva. As a result of the studies, it was found that the LD50 of the protein hydrolyzate from the muscle tissue of sables in the study of acute toxicity parameters was more than 17 850 mg/kg of animal weight. According to the generally accepted hygienic classification, protein hydrolyzate from sable muscle tissue belongs to the 4th hazard class – low-hazard substances (GOST 12.1.007-76).
Comparative analysis of the use of anesthesia-respiratory circuits for inhalation anesthesia in laboratory animals
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Starynina Victoria S. , Filippov Yuriy I. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Peryshkina Lydia S. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

The article presents a study on the effect of inhalation anesthetics on the body of laboratory animals, depending on the choice of the respiratory circuit. As a result of the research, it was found that the most suitable circuit for inhalation anesthesia in laboratory animals is a semi-open breathing circuit.
Assessment of the quality and safety of yogurt products sold in the retail network
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bodryakova Nataliya P. , Smirnova Ekaterina A. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pimenov Nikolay V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of a study of the quality and indicators of microbiological safety of yogurt products presented in the retail network. The results of the conducted studies have shown the high quality of the studied samples of Greek yoghurts according to organoleptic, physicochemical and microbiological indicators. It has been established that there is no pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora in yoghurts, the number of lactic acid microorganisms is not less than the established norms.
PERAN kOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK DALAM MENGELOLA KELAS TERHADAP KONDUSIFITAS BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Wita Junita  , Adela Dhea
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran pedagogik guru dalam mengelola kelas terhadap kondusifitas belajar siswa di SD Negeri 1 Parakansalak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data yang dikumpulkan yaitu dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi teknik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa peran pedagogik guru dalam mengelola kelas sudah terpenuhi yaitu dengan adanya peran ini guru harus mampu menciptakan dan mempertahankan situasi dan kondisi kelas yang optimal sehingga proses pembelajaran dapat berjalan secara efektif. Proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan di kelas IV SD Negeri 1 Parakansalak berjalan cukup baik karena guru mampu mengelola kelas dengan kemampuan yang dimiliki seperti kemampuan pedagogik, kemampuan kepribadian, kemampuan profesional dan kemampuan sosial. Terkait dengan hal tersebut guru di SD Negeri 1 Parakansalak telah memiliki peran dan kemampuan dalam mengelola kelas sehinga tercipta kelas yang kondusif seperti mengatur posisi duduk sisiwa, menjaga kebersihan kelas dan pengaturan hiasan yang ada di dalam ruangan kelas sehingga kondusifats siswa saat belajar menjadi bermakna dan menyenangkan.
EFFECT OF SELECTED PYROLYSIS PARAMETERS ON THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF BIOCHAR AND PYROLIGNEOUS ACID FROM BIOMASS
Authors: B. Doti , D. M. Nyaanga , S. Nyakach , J. Nyaanga , O. Ingasia
Published: January 2023

Pyrolysis is an efficient process by which biomass can be utilized to produce biochar and pyroligneous acid which can be used as source of energy for cooking and bio-pesticides, respectively. Current study determined the effect of feedstock moisture content (FMC) (10%, 15% and 20%), pyrolysis residence time (PRT) (90 minutes, 135 minutes, and 180 minutes) and chimney inclination angle (CIA) (30o, 45o and 60o) on the production and quality of biochar and pyroligneous acid (PA). An experimental pyrolysis system was designed, developed, and used. The biochar quality was based on pH, moisture content (MC), volatile matter (VM), ash content (AC) and fixed carbon (FC) while PA was classified using pH and density. The highest production obtained for biochar was 43.66% at FMC = 10%, PRT = 90 min and CIA = 30o and the lowest was 38.74% at FMC = 20% and PRT = 180 min and CIA = 45o while for PA the highest was 31.11% at FMC = 15%, PRT = 90 min and CIA = 30o and the lowest was 25.21% at FMC = 10%, PRT = 180 min and CIA = 60o. The best quality biochar obtained had a pH = 9.10 (FMC = 10%, PRT = 180 min, CIA = 30o), MC = 4.10% (FMC = 10%, PRT = 180 min, CIA = 45o), VM = 21.00% (FMC = 10%, PRT = 180 min, CIA = 30o), AC = 3.60% (FMC = 10%, PRT = 90 min, CIA = 30o) and FC = 70.60% (FMC = 10%, PRT = 180 min, CIA = 30o) while the PA had ρ = 1.05 gcm-3 (FMC = 10%, PRT = 180 min, CIA = 45o) and pH = 2.78 (FMC = 10%, PRT = 180 min, CIA = 30o). The selected pyrolysis parameters except CIA had a significant influence on the biochar production and quality and on the other hand, all the parameters affected the PA production but only PRT had a significant influence on its quality.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A PORTABLE COMMON BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L) THRESHER
Authors: P.W. Wamalwa , C.L. Kanali , E.K. Ronoh , G.M. Kituu
Published: January 2023

Threshing and cleaning of common beans are some of the main post-harvest practices. Others are drying, grading and packaging. Threshing of beans can be done using heavy combine harvesters, use of stationary thresher or by use of traditional methods. The intercropping of beans combined with small scale farms in Kenya makes the use of combine harvesters unsuitable for beans threshing. Traditional threshing methods are also tedious, time consuming and labour intensive. Therefore, the focus of this study was to develop a portable common beans thresher customized to the needs of small-scale farmers in Kenya and other developing countries. The design process was through simulation, optimization, fabrication and evaluation. The thresher recorded a threshing efficiency of 99 % for all the drum speeds above 600 rpm at crop moisture content of 18% w.b. In addition, throughput capacity of 72 kg/hr and 125 kg/hr at a feed rate of 1 kg/min and 2.5 kg/min respectively was achieved at a drum speed of 800 rpm. Mechanical grain damage was less than 3.3% for drum speeds between 600 and 1000 rpm. At drum speed of 800 rpm and below, mechanical grain damage was 0.7%. The developed common beans thresher power requirement is 15.6 kWh per ton. Finally, the thresher had a cleaning efficiency of 78% at 800 rpm drum speed. Based on performance, the developed common beans thresher is recommended for use by small scale famers in beans production.
EVALUATION OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL HYDROLOGICAL DROUGHT USING SURFACE WATER SUPPLY INDEX IN MALEWA RIVER CATCHMENT, NAIVASHA
Authors: W. Nyokabi Elizabeth , M. Wambua Raphael , O. Okwany Romulus
Published: January 2023

There has been a critical problem of the devastating natural hazard (hydrological drought) which greatly affects a significant proportion of the large population particularly those living in arid and semi-arid areas. The flow regime of the Malewa River is reducing due to the river fluctuation, increasing scarcity of water during dry periods. The purpose of this research was to assess spatial and temporal hydrological drought using Surface Water Supply Index (SWSI) at Malewa River catchment. The data were based on hydro-meteorological data which included rainfall, level of water at Lake Naivasha, and streamflow of Malewa River for the years 1980-2018. They were obtained from Water Resources Authority (WRA) in Naivasha and Kenya Meteorological Department (KMD) in Nairobi, Kenya. The field data were first normalized to have all input attributes temporary variables with their distribution having zero means and a standard deviation of 1. Later the normalized data were calculated using basin-calibrated algorithm of SWSI to determine the hydrological condition. In SWSI, the highest percentage of classification for the stations were near the average of -0.9 to 1.0, with 34% for the Malewa area and 30% for the Turasha area. In spatial distribution analyses, hydrological drought severity was highest along the southern part of the catchment and lowest along with Eastern and North-Eastern areas. Therefore, hydrological drought severity was experienced in the catchment in terms of temporal and spatial analyses and increased along the flow path of the river. Hydrological drought assessment shows a technical manner for a comprehensive understanding of drought offering proper mitigation strategies and plan to control this natural disaster.
PREDICTION OF SUBSOILING DRAFT REQUIREMENTS OF SILT LOAM SOILS FROM EMPIRICAL DATA: ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK VERSUS MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION
Authors: S.O. Abich , A.N. Gitau , D. M. Nyaanga
Published: January 2023

Modern agriculture is intensive resulting in increased passes of machinery on soils leading to soil compaction. Wheel traffic makes the soil harder resulting in higher tillage draft requirement and fuel consumption. There is little documentation on prediction of subsoiling draft requirements for silt loam soils of Njoro Sub County, Nakuru County in Kenya. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of multiple linear regression (MLR) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in predicting subsoiling draft requirement.  Experimental data were collected from plots with wheel traffic treatments of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 passes to determine the effect of traffic intensity at three depths of 0 – 20 cm, 20 - 30 cm and 20 - 40 cm. The subsoiling draft was determined for each experiment and modeled using MLR and ANN. The results showed that ANN gave a more accurate prediction of the draft requirement of a subsoiler than an MLR. The RMSE for the models were 0.313 and 0.03 kN for the MLR and ANN model respectively. The MAPE for the MLR model was 5.41% while for ANN was 1.27%. The coefficient of determination for the two models were 0.984 and 0/999 respectively; ANN was therefore found to be suitable for predicting the subsoiling draft.
Desempeño de directivos en redes educativas rurales en el nivel inicial
Authors: Sosa-Gutierrez Fredy , Vilca-Apaza Henry Mark , Arpasi-Turpo Aydee Marisol
Published: January 2023

La investigación determina los desempeños de directoras del nivel inicial en redes educativas rurales en la Unidad Gestión Educativa Local El Collao – Ilave. El trabajo se enmarca en una metodología no experimental, analizando el instrumento, Ficha de Evaluación de Desempeño Laboral del Directivo, diseñado y aprobado por el ministerio de educación del Perú. La población la conforman las directoras del ámbito rural del distrito de Pilcuyo. Siendo sus resultados; de las seis competencias y 20 criterios de desempeño directivo, solo en 10 indicadores logran la valoración de siempre, en 8 criterios obtienen pocas veces y en los indicadores 3,5,7 y 15 mostraron ubicarse en la escala nunca. Concluyendo que; las actuaciones o desempeños de las directoras en un 50% son favorables, en 40% es regular y en 10% es desfavorable. Esto convoca a la reflexión y buscar vías que permitan mejorar sustancialmente la conducción de los establecimientos educativos.
Tessituras e contribuições do PIBID para a formação de professores de Matemática: incentivo ao aperfeiçoamento e valorização da docência
Authors: Gonçalves Brenda Maria Vieira , Lima Francisco José de
Published: January 2023

Este artigo objetiva identificar indícios de contribuições do PIBID no processo de formação inicial de professores para o ensino de Matemática, discutindo o Programa como possibilidade formativa no contexto do Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores para a Educação Básica. Trata-se de um estudo desenvolvido sob pressupostos da pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho exploratório, constituindo-se em estudo de caso, cujos dados foram obtidos mediante análise documental. Tomou-se como ponto de partida registros escritos em relatórios finais de atividades do Programa referentes aos anos de 2016 e 2017, submetidos a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Os resultados apontam que o PIBID propicia melhor compreensão de processos pedagógicos, transcendendo a possibilidade de inserção do licenciando no contexto escolar. Potencializa o desenvolvimento de saberes que vão além da capacidade de ensinar conteúdos matemáticos, cooperando para a mobilização de conhecimentos, conceitos e procedimentos metodológicos que ajudam o licenciando a constituir-se professor.
TEACHERS' AND LEARNERS' PERCEPTIONS OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT PRACTICE IN ENHANCING LEARNING IN EFL COURSES
Authors: Nhor Ravy , Pang Sina , Em Sereyrath
Published: January 2023

Assessment is inevitable in education. Formative assessment plays a crucial role in enhancing students' learning and performance. With the growing understanding of the role of formative assessment, many countries in the world have considered formative assessment as the primary mechanism of assessment reform in education. In Cambodia, a shift in focus to formative assessment as its assessment reform aimed at enhancing students has been noticed. The present study employed a quantitative method to examine teachers' and learners' perceptions of formative assessment practices in enhancing learning in Cambodian EFL courses. The participants of this study were 30 teachers (3 females) and 50 students ( 22 males). They are teaching and learning English as a Foreign Language. The results revealed that the respondents have a more positive perception of formative assessment. It highlighted a better understanding of formative assessment concepts, purposes, and development strategies. The results also indicated that participants' perceptions about formative assessment enhance learning in EFL courses through various roles of feedback. The results showed that respondents perceived that it is demanded of assessors or teachers to have higher knowledge about formative assessment to assess students in formative ways. Time-consuming was also perceived as a challenge in formative assessment practice. The findings also revealed that participants were more likely to use formative assessment in their EFL courses in the future. Future studies with many participants, mixed method approaches, and cross-disciplinary research in Cambodia should be conducted in either private or public HEIs.
Persuasive Strategies in Donald Trump's Political Speeches
Authors: Prafitri Wilma , Nasir Muhammad Alim Akbar
Published: January 2023

This study analyses persuasive strategies on Donald Trump’s political speeches. This study uses qualitative research as the design and Content Analysis as the approach. The researcher explores persuasive strategies used by Donald Trump using Aristotle’s Theory to see what persuasive strategies are used and how Trump’s political speech could affect audiences to vote for him. The researcher selected three speeches such as campaign speech (2015),victory speech (2016) and inauguration speech (2017) as the object of study. These speeches are selected based on some considerations, such as lexical density, political concepts described by Trump, academic scrutiny and also to make this research more manageable. Furthermore, the researcher found that Trump has used persuasive strategies in order to convince Americans to vote him as President. According to Aristotle , there are three types of Persuasive Strategies such as Logos, Ethos and Pathos. The researcher found thirty one statements indicated of containing pathos, thirteen statements of Logos and fifteen statements as Ethos.  Pathos encompasses the emotional influence on the audience. Based on the analysis, the researcher concludes that persuasive strategies played crucial part to evoke audience’s emotions and feelings.
Combined Effects of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading and Superstructure Inertial Loads on Pile Foundations
Authors: Martinez Jared
Published: January 2023

Pile foundations in sloping or gently sloped liquefiable soils are often subjected to a combination of inertial and lateral spreading loads. Current design codes vary significantly in terms of the methods used to analyze and design piles that are subjected to combined loading. The results from a full-scale shake table test on a 0.25-m-diameter reinforced concrete pile in gently sloping ground are used in this study to back-calculate the inertial loads, the kinematic loads, and the interaction between inertial and kinematic loads during seismic loading. It was found that large pile strains developed after liquefaction was triggered. The maximum pile strains (and curvatures) at shallow depths within the nonliquefiable crust were correlated with maximum inertial loads in the upslope direction that were resisted by a crust load applied in the downslope direction, indicating an out-of-phase interaction. The maximum pile strains (and curvatures) at deeper locations below the loose liquefiable sand were correlated with the maximum inertial loads in the downslope direction but without any resistance or driving load from the crust (i.e., no lateral spreading load during peak downslope inertial cycles). The lack of crust load during the downslope inertial cycles was attributed to the pile head outrunning the crust displacement, causing the pile to be pushed into a gap that had formed on the downslope front of the pile. The findings of this study contribute a data point to a wide range of inertial and kinematic interaction factors proposed by other studies and highlight the site- and project-dependency of interactions between inertial and kinematic loads.
Inclined Large-angle Pendulum May Produce Endless Linear Motion of a Cart When Friction is Negligible
Authors: Allen Dennis P. , Provatidis Christopher G.
Published: January 2023

We present the mechanics for the oscillation of an inclined large-angle pendulum-drive attached to a cart which is allowed to perform translation in one direction only. Neglecting the overall friction, the application of Newton’s second law shows that the oscillation of the pendulum is continuously converted into oscillating linear motion thus achieving a travel of infinite length. It is also shown that the frequency depends on the usual data of any pendulum plus the mass of the cart on which it is attached. After the determination of a novel effective pendulum length, a closed-form accurate analytical expression is presented for the amplitude of the pendulum, whereas semi-analytical formulas are provided for the period as well as the time-variation of the large azimuthal-like angle. Moreover, a simple expression was found for the position of the cart in terms of the azimuthal angle of the pendulum and the elapsed time. The extraction of the analytical formulas was facilitated by a computer model programmed in MATLAB®.
Duration discrimination: A diffusion decision modeling approach
Authors: Schumacher Lukas , Voss Andreas
Published: January 2023

The human ability to discriminate the duration of two subsequently presented stimuli is often studied with tasks that involve a comparison between a standard stimulus (with fixed duration) and comparison stimuli (with varying durations). The performance in such tasks is influenced by the presentation order of these successively presented stimuli. The so-called Type A effect refers to the impact of presentation order on the point of subjective equality. The Type B effect describes effects of presentation order on the just-noticeable-difference. Cognitive models that account for these context effects assume that participants’ duration estimation is influenced by the history of previously encountered stimuli. For example, the internal reference model assumes that the magnitude of a “typical” stimulus is represented by an internal reference. This internal reference evolves throughout an experiment and is updated on every trial. Different recent models have in common that they describe how the internal reference is computed but are agnostic to the decision process itself. In this study, we develop a new model that incorporates the mechanisms of perceptual discrimination models into a diffusion model. The diffusion model focuses on the dynamics of the decision process itself and accounts for choice and response times based on a set of latent cognitive variables. We show that our model accurately predicts the accuracy and response time distribution in a classical duration discrimination task. Further, model parameters were sensitive to the Type A and B effect. The proposed model opens up new opportunities for studying human discrimination performance (e.g., individual differences).
On the role of exploitation and exploration strategies in the maintenance of cognitive biases: Beyond the pursuit of instrumental rewards
Authors: Kasper Jakob , Fiedler Klaus , Kutzner Florian , Harris Chris
Published: January 2023

Why can initial biases persist in repeated choice tasks? Previous research has shown that frequent rewards can lure the decision maker into premature exploitation of a supposedly best option, which can result in the persistence of initial biases. Here, we demonstrate that even in the absence of rewards, initial biases can be perpetuated through a positive testing strategy. After eliciting a biased preference for one of two equally rewarding options, participants (N = 203) could sample freely from both options without the lure of any financial rewards. When participants were told to rule out alternatives in this phase, they explored the supposedly worse option and thereby managed to overcome their initial bias. When told to optimize their strategy, however, they exhibited a positive testing strategy resulting in the continued exploitation of the supposedly better option, a bias they maintained in an incentivized choice phase and later judgments. Across all participants, individual tendencies to exploit one option in earlier phases predicted biased behavior in subsequent phases. The findings highlight that not only the pursuit of instrumental rewards can lead to exploitation and the maintenance of initial biases. We discuss potential consequences for interventions.
Preparation of β-cyclodextrin/polysaccharide foams using saponin
Authors: Petitjean Max , Isasi José Ramón
Published: January 2023

Cyclodextrins, cyclic oligosaccharides with a hydrophobic cavity that form inclusion complexes with nonpolar molecules, can be used to functionalize other polysaccharides. Xanthan gum, locust bean gum or chitosan can be crosslinked using citric acid in the presence of β-cyclodextrin to produce insoluble matrices. In this work, polymeric foams based on those polysaccharides and saponin have been prepared using a green synthesis method to increase the porosity of the matrices. The saponin of soapbark (Quillaja saponaria) has been used to obtain foams using different procedures. The influence of the synthesis path on the porosity of the materials and their corresponding sorption capacities in the aqueous phase were evaluated.
Mental Health Outcomes among Urban Public Transport Workers: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   El Bosque University, Cendales Boris , Useche Sergio , Gómez Viviola , Cedillo Leonor , Stephenson Daryl , Yan Shirly , Landsbergis Paul
Published: January 2023

Review question / Objective: Systematically review the literature to assess the effects of occupational exposures and interventions on Urban Public Transport (UTP) workers’ mental health. Condition being studied: In order to include a wide spectrum of outcomes, mental health was defined according to the WHO (2001) as a “state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community”.
Factores de éxito para las Pymes metalmecánicas de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Marcelo Tavella  , Ariel Miropolsky  , Roxana Manera
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo intenta desarrollar un análisis de diferentes aspectos en los que las pymes del sector metalmecánico de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina) articulan su ventaja competitiva, teniendo en cuenta las necesidades y limitantes que caracterizan estructuralmente al sector. Los resultados obtenidos dejan en evidencia aquellos factores que se consideraron como críticos para el logro de dicha ventaja competitiva, destacándose las inversiones en bienes de capital, en mejora de los procesos y en capacitación.

Abstract

The present work tries to develop an analysis of different aspects in which the SMEs of the metalworking sector of the province of Córdoba (Argentina) articulate their competitive advantage, taking into account the needs and limitations that structurally characterize the sector. The results obtained reveal those factors that were considered critical for achieving said competitive advantage, highlighting investments in capital goods, process improvement and training.
Factores emocionales en el aprendizaje y rendimiento académico del alumnado de primaria
Authors: Delgadillo Sustaita Araceli , Villagrán Rueda Sonia , Jasso Velázquez David , Rodríguez Ortiz Mónica
Published: January 2023

El objetivo del presente artículo es demostrar cómo influyen los factores emocionales en el aprendizaje y rendimiento académico del alumnado de primaria específicamente en un grupo de tercero A de una escuela ubicada en el estado de Zacatecas. La metodología llevada a cabo es cualitativa con base al diseño fenomenológico con una población objeto de estudio de 62 alumnas y alumnos turno matutino. Es un caso no probabilístico ya que permite observar, explorar y describir los resultados de 8 alumnos y 10 alumnas con un muestreo por cuotas debido a un objetivo en particular de indagar eligiendo solo a un grupo. El instrumento que se utilizó fue un cuestionario de opción múltiple de elaboración propia. Los hallazgos encontrados comprueban que la motivación, inseguridad, miedo, actitud y escucha activa son factores que se presentan durante la clase en actividades muy concretas como: lectura frente al grupo, convivencia escolar, evaluaciones escolares y por supuesto la reacción del alumnado ante diversas situaciones,  se concluyen que prevalecen más las emociones negativas en las niñas, sin embargo, después de realizar un examen sobresalen las positivas y en los niños se identifica un mayor porcentaje en experimentar la inseguridad.
Korg: A Modern 1D LTE Spectral Synthesis Package
Authors: Wheeler Adam J. , Abruzzo Matthew W. , Casey Andrew R. , Ness Melissa K.
Published: January 2023

We present Korg, a new package for 1D LTE spectral synthesis of FGK stars, which computes theoretical spectra from the near-ultraviolet to the near-infrared, and implements both plane-parallel and spherical radiative transfer. We outline the inputs and internals of Korg, and compare synthetic spectra from Korg, Moog, Turbospectrum, and SME. The disagreements between Korg and the other codes are no larger than those between the other codes, although disagreement between codes is substantial. We examine the case of a C2 band in detail, finding that uncertainties on physical inputs to spectral synthesis account for a significant fraction of the disagreement. Korg is 1–100 times faster than other codes in typical use, compatible with automatic differentiation libraries, and easily extensible, making it ideal for statistical inference and parameter estimation applied to large data sets. Documentation and installation instructions are available at https://ajwheeler.github.io/Korg.jl/stable/.