bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Virtual Pressure and Force Sensor for Safety Evaluation in Collaboration Robot Application
Authors: Shin Heonseop , Kim Sanghoon , Seo Kwang , Rhim and Sungsoo
Published: October 2019

Recent developments in robotics have resulted in implementations that have drastically increased collaborative interactions between robots and humans. As robots have the potential to collide intentionally and/or unexpectedly with a human during the collaboration, effective measures to ensure human safety must be devised. In order to estimate the collision safety of a robot, this study proposes a virtual sensor based on an analytical contact model that accurately estimates the peak collision force and pressure as the robot moves along a pre-defined path, even before the occurrence of a collision event, with a short computation time. The estimated physical interaction values that would be caused by the (hypothetical) collision were compared to the collision safety thresholds provided within ISO/TS 15066 to evaluate the safety of the operation. In this virtual collision sensor model, the nonlinear physical characteristics and the effect of the contact surface shape were included to assure the reliability of the prediction. To verify the effectiveness of the virtual sensor model, the force and pressure estimated by the model were compared with various experimental results and the numerical results obtained from a finite element simulation.
AR Enabled IoT for a Smart and Interactive Environment: A Survey and Future Directions
Authors: Jo Dongsik , Kim Gerard Jounghyun
Published: October 2019

Accompanying the advent of wireless networking and the Internet of Things (IoT), traditional augmented reality (AR) systems to visualize virtual 3D models of the real world are evolving into smart and interactive AR related to the context of things for physical objects. We propose the integration of AR and IoT in a complementary way, making AR scalable to cover objects everywhere with an acceptable level of performance and interacting with IoT in a more intuitive manner. We identify three key components for realizing such a synergistic integration: (1) distributed and object-centric data management (including for AR services); (2) IoT object-guided tracking; (3) seamless interaction and content interoperability. We survey the current state of these respective areas and herein discuss research on issues about realizing a future smart and interactive living environment.
Digital Magnetic Compass Integration with Stationary, Land-Based Electro-Optical Multi-Sensor Surveillance System
Authors: Livada Branko , Vujić Saša , Radić Dragan , Unkašević Tomislav , Banjac Zoran
Published: October 2019

Multi-sensor imaging systems using the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and digital magnetic compass (DMC) for geo-referencing have an important role and wide application in long-range surveillance systems. To achieve the required system heading accuracy, the specific magnetic compass calibration and compensation procedures, which highly depend on the application conditions, should be applied. The DMC compensation technique suitable for the operation environment is described and different technical solutions are studied. The application of the swinging procedure was shown as a good solution for DMC compensation in a given application. The selected DMC was built into a system to be experimentally evaluated, both under laboratory and field conditions. The implementation of the compensation procedure and magnetic sensor integration in systems is described. The heading accuracy measurement results show that DMC could be successfully integrated and used in long-range surveillance systems providing required geo-referencing data.
Synchronized Humanitarian, Military and Commercial Logistics: An Evolving Synergistic Partnership
Authors: Yuste Pablo , Campbell James , Canyon Deon , Childers Mark , Ryan Benjamin J.
Published: October 2019

The increasing complexity and often transboundary scope of complex emergencies are exceeding the capacity of humanitarian logistics systems. The military plays a growing role in supplementing and even leading humanitarian assistance and disaster relief logistics. However, issues relating to military involvement such as sovereignty and cost have refocused the conversation onto capabilities and capacities of commercial logistics providers, who have not been fully engaged and integrated into disaster preparedness, response, and recovery activities. The commercial sector is part of the larger supply chain management system that includes contracting, procurement, storage, and transportation of food, water, medicine, and other supplies, as well as human resources, and necessary machinery and equipment. Military and commercial logistics share many of these elements and tasks daily. The most effective and efficient response combines key elements from humanitarian, military, and commercial logistics systems. Such trilateral cooperation represents the next step in an evolving partnership paradigm that is truly synergistic. We present a Synchronized Disaster Relief Model, as well as multiple examples of how military, commercial, and humanitarian supply chains each bring unique capabilities to disaster relief operations, and how these three supply chains can complement each other in a synergistic manner, through synchronized action.
A New DNA Repair-Related Platform for Pharmaceutical Outlook in Cancer Therapies: Ultrashort Single-Stranded Polynucleotides
Authors: Stovbun Sergey , Ermakov Kirill , Bukhvostov Alexander , Vedenkin Alexander , Kuznetsov Dmitry
Published: October 2019

Thio- and cyano- modified single-stranded poly(dNTP) sequences of different molecular sizes (20–200 n) and the same lengths routine poly(dNTP) and poly(NTP) species were tested for their impact on catalytic activities of β-like DNA polymerases from chromatin of HL-60, WERI-1A and Y-79 cells as well as for the affinity patterns in DNApolβ-poly(dNTP)/(NTP) pairs, respectively. An essential link between the lengths of ultrashort (50–100 n) single-stranded poly(dNTP) sequences of different structures and their inhibitory effects towards the cancer-specific DNA polymerases β was found. A possible significance of this phenomenon for both DNA repair suppression in tumors and a consequent anti-cancer activity of the DNA repair related short poly(dNTP) fragments is under discussion.
Carbon Communities and Hotspots for Carbon Emissions Reduction in China
Authors: Huang Li , Kelly Scott , Lu Xuan , Lv Kangjuan , Shi Xunpeng , Giurco Damien
Published: October 2019

With China’s commitment to peak its emissions by 2030, sectoral emissions are under the spotlight due to the rolling out of the national emission trading scheme (ETS). However, the current sector policies focus either on the production side or consumption while the majority of sectors along the transmission were overlooked. This research combines input–output modelling and network analysis to track the embodied carbon emissions among thirty sectors of thirty provinces in China. Based on the large-data resolution network, a two-step network reduction algorithm is used to extract the backbone of the network. In addition, network centrality metrics and community detection algorithms are used to assess each individual sector’s roles, and to reveal the carbon communities where sectors have intensive emission links. The research results suggest that the sectors with high out-degree, in-degree or betweenness can act as leverage points for carbon emissions mitigation. In addition to the electricity sector, which is included in the national ETS, the study also found that the metallurgy and construction sectors should be prioritized for emissions reduction from national and local levels. However, the hotpots are different across provinces and thus provincial specific targeted policies should be formed. Moreover, there are nineteen carbon communities in China with different features, which provides direction for provincial governments’ external collaboration for synergistic effects.
Networks for the Future: A Mathematical Network Analysis of the Partnership Data for Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Egelston Anne , Cook Scott , Nguyen Tu , Shaffer Samantha
Published: October 2019

This research project analyzes the Partnership Data for Sustainable Development Goals to determine geographical coverage of the projects as well as the relationships of project proponents working in support of sustainable development. We perform a network analysis of the project proponents and measure connectivity through a variety of mathematical modeling techniques including degree rank, betweenness centrality, cut degree and pagerank metrics. We observe that the network consists of one giant component containing a majority of entities surrounded by a corona of small independent clusters. We conclude that mathematical modeling supports existing scholarly literature that proclaims sustainable development as a soft law paradigm with widespread support.
A New Modeling Approach for the Probability Density Distribution Function of Wind power Fluctuation
Authors: Wang Lingzhi , Liu Jun , Qian Fucai
Published: October 2019

With the rapid development of grid-connected wind power, analysing and describing the probability density distribution characteristics of wind power fluctuation has always been a hot and difficult problem in the wind power field. In traditional methods, a single distribution function model is used to fit the probability density distribution of wind power output fluctuation; however, the results are unsatisfying. Therefore, a new distribution function model is proposed in this work for fitting the probability density distribution to replace a single distribution function model. In form, the new model includes only four parameters which make it easier to implement. Four statistical index models are used to evaluate the distribution function fits with the measured probability data. Simulations are designed to compare the new model with the Gaussian mixture model, and results illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the newly developed model in fitting the wind power fluctuation probability density distribution. Besides, the fireworks algorithm is adopted for determining the optimal parameters in the distribution function model. The comparison experiments of the fireworks algorithm with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and the genetic algorithm (GA) are carried out, which shows that the fireworks algorithm has faster convergence speed and higher accuracy than the two common intelligent algorithms, so it is useful for optimizing parameters in power systems.
Opportunities to Improve Sustainable Environmental Design of Dwellings in Rural Southwest China
Authors: Pitts Adrian , Gao Yun , Tien Le Vinh
Published: October 2019

This paper addresses the need, established following consultation with stakeholders, for more detailed environmental design guidance to support construction of more sustainable and comfortable rural dwellings in Southwest China. Despite increasing focus on sustainable design in urban developments in China, there are considerable gaps in research and information dissemination for sustainable building in more diverse rural areas. Multiple methods of investigation and analysis have been utilized. Contextual research was undertaken in relation to location, ethnic group, site/location, and building construction options. Visits to typical villages allowed discussions with stakeholders and the gathering of data on existing and new dwelling types and their surroundings. This led to the conclusion that there is insufficient attention paid in understanding residents’ knowledge and skills related to design options; further specific accessible guidance is needed. Resulting from this, quantitative analyses using climate data for 46 locations in Southwest China were used to determine the value of design opportunities to create comfortable internal environments. A need for a more detailed level of guidance that can be used by the stakeholders is presented, and 15 exemplar locations were studied in parametric fashion for typical dwelling design configurations. Outcomes indicated the value of location-specific design optimization; something now recommended for all new/redeveloped dwellings. These findings impact across a wide geographical area and could benefit daily living conditions across many rural settlements in China.
Management Scale Assessment of Practices to Mitigate Cattle Microbial Water Quality Impairments of Coastal Waters
Authors: Lewis David J. , Voeller Dylan , Saitone Tina L. , Tate Kenneth W.
Published: October 2019

Coastal areas support multiple important resource uses including recreation, aquaculture, and agriculture. Unmanaged cattle access to stream corridors in grazed coastal watersheds can contaminate surface waters with fecal-derived microbial pollutants, posing risk to human health via activities such as swimming and shellfish consumption. Improved managerial control of cattle access to streams through implementation of grazing best management practices (BMPs) is a critical step in mitigating waterborne microbial pollution in grazed watersheds. This paper reports trend analysis of a 19-year dataset to assess long-term microbial water quality responses resulting from a program to implement 40 grazing BMPs within the Olema Creek Watershed, a primary tributary to Tomales Bay, USA. Stream corridor grazing BMPs implemented included: (1) Stream corridor fencing to eliminate/control cattle access, (2) hardened stream crossings for cattle movements across stream corridors, and (3) off stream drinking water systems for cattle. We found a statistically significant reduction in fecal coliform concentrations following the initial period of BMP implementation, with overall mean reductions exceeding 95% (1.28 log10)—consistent with 1—2 log10 (90–99%) reductions reported in other studies. Our results demonstrate the importance of prioritization of pollutant sources at the watershed scale to target BMP implementation for rapid water quality improvements and return on investment. Our findings support investments in grazing BMP implementation as an important component of policies and strategies to protect public health in grazed coastal watersheds.
Multiscale Market Integration and Nonlinear Granger Causality between Natural Gas Futures and Physical Markets
Authors: Li Cuilin , Du Ya-Juan , Ji Qiang , Geng Jiang-bo
Published: October 2019

This paper comprehensively analyzed the price integration of the U.S. natural gas futures market and its physical markets. The analyses were conducted in the form of graphics using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method and minimum spanning trees with various horizons. Our findings indicated that the network structures of the minimum spanning trees of the gas futures and physical markets are the same on different time scales. The citygate returns were always the core of the physical gas markets. In addition, the gas futures and physical markets were highly integrated on different time scales. Moreover, our findings showed that at the original data level, unidirectional linear and nonlinear causalities from gas futures to physical returns exist. Specifically, the relationships between futures and physical gas returns were not constant across various time scales. In the long term, futures gas returns had only a linear causality with the citygate, commercial, and industry gas returns, and a unidirectional, nonlinear causality with residential gas returns.
A Study in Options to Improve Aerodynamic Profile of Heavy-Duty Vehicles in Europe
Authors: Hariram Adithya , Koch Thorsten , Mårdberg Björn , Kyncl Jan
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we present and discuss different aerodynamic solutions available for European tractor and semi-trailers configurations along with summarizing their impact on the aerodynamic drag that contributes to the reduction of fuel consumption. Combinations of different aerodynamic solutions have been presented, and conclusions have been drawn from comparative studies and experience of the participating partners of Project TRANSFORMERS, but no CFD simulations have been done for the same solutions. The paper concludes by proposing configurations of aerodynamic measures for various configurations and how they can be cost-effectively adapted to improve the efficiency in road freight logistics networks and reduce emission.
Cheese as a Tourism Resource in Russia: The First Report and Relevance to Sustainability
Authors: Ermolaev Vladimir , Yashalova Natalia , Ruban Dmitry
Published: October 2019

Cheese tasting attracts crowds of visitors to areas in countries such as France, Italy, Spain, and New Zealand, distinguishing cheese tourism as an individual tourism direction within food (gastronomic, culinary) tourism. Internationally known, but locally specific and artisanal cheese is thought to be the main resource. Its exploitation by the tourism industry contributes to sustainability, supporting rural lifestyles and facilitating the integration of rural traditions, heritage, and natural landscapes. In Russia, cheese production is concentrated in regions including Altay, Voronezh, and Moscow. The state of tourist activities favors the use of cheese as a valuable tourism resource. Importantly, this resource is linked to the production of common sorts of cheese in big (industry-scale) amounts and the creation of cheese-related attractions like cheese museums. Cheese festivals also take place locally. A comparison to the European experience of cheese tourism reveals significant peculiarities of this activity in Russia and, particularly, a bigger relevance to industrial tourism than to food and rural tourism. Realization of only part of the opportunities linked to cheese tourism presents challenges regarding environmental and socioeconomical sustainability.
Dynamic Credit Risk Evaluation Method for E-Commerce Sellers Based on a Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Model
Authors: Xu Yao-Zhi , Zhang Jian-Lin , Hua Ying , Wang Lin-Yue
Published: October 2019

Credit risk evaluation is important for e-commerce platforms, due to the uncertainty and transaction risk associated with buyers and sellers. Moreover, it is the key ingredient for the development of the e-commerce ecosystem and sustainability of the financial market. The main objective of this paper is to develop an effective and user-friendly system for seller credit risk evaluation. Three hybrid artificial intelligent models, including (1) decision tree—artificial neural network (ANN), (2) decision tree—logistic regression, and (3) decision tree—dynamic Bayesian network have been investigated. The models were trained using sellers credit cases from Taobao, which has 609 cases, and each case had 23 categorical and numerical attributes. The results suggest that the combination of decision tree—ANN provides the highest accuracy, which can promote healthy and fast transactions between buyers and sellers on the platforms. This model is regarded as a powerful tool that allows us to build an advanced credit risk evaluation system, and meet the requirements of the platform transaction mode to be dynamic and self-learning—which will ultimately contribute to the sustainable development of the e-commerce ecosystem. The empirical results can serve as a reference for e-commerce platforms promoting an optimum credit risk evaluation model to improve e-commerce transaction environment and for buyers and investors making decisions.
Research of Modified Atomizers and Their Application for Moistening of Air-Cleaning Device Charges
Authors: Baltrėnas Pranas , Baltrėnaitė-Gedienė Edita
Published: October 2019

The size of sprayed droplets is a very important parameter that influences the operational efficiency of air-cleaning device charges. It is desirable for atomizers to spray droplets that are dispersed as much as technically and economically reasonable and possible. Fine dispersion spraying ensures effective moistening of the air-cleaning device charges, as well as an optimal consumption of water or other liquids. Three modifications of special atomizers were used for experimental analysis. The atomization of liquid and spraying in the special atomizer occurs when two frontal streams confront each other. Frontal streams are formed by an inner shield located in the special atomizer. The experiment was conducted using different spraying pressures, namely: 6 bar, 4 bar, 2 bar. The evaluation (performed using a microscope) of the size of sprayed droplets shows that the best (finest) spraying was by the special atomizer of modification 3. The depth of the channel of the inner shield is the parameter that has the biggest influence on the size of sprayed droplets. The special atomizer of modification 3 produces droplets with the following size distribution and rates: ≤0.05 mm—63.2 vol%; 0.2–0.6 mm—28.3 vol%; 0.6–1.0 mm—8.1 vol%; ≥1.0 mm—0.4 vol%.
Status of Waste Management in the East African Cities: Understanding the Drivers of Waste Generation, Collection and Disposal and Their Impacts on Kampala City’s Sustainability
Authors: Aryampa Shamim , Maheshwari Basant , Sabiiti Elly , Bateganya Najib L , Bukenya Brian
Published: October 2019

The factors that influence waste generation and management vary with country but there is a gap in the availability of waste data in Africa limiting the assessment of these factors for sustainability. Hence, this study was aimed at evaluating the drivers of waste generation, collection and disposal, and their impact on sustainability of Kampala as compared to the East African Community (EAC). Waste generation in Kampala was calculated using recorded waste collection efficiencies while data for Nairobi and Dar es Salaam was obtained from existing literature. Waste quantities for disposal were recorded daily at Kiteezi landfill from 2011 to 2017. Results showed that the major drivers of waste generation, collection and disposal in the EAC are population growth, vehicle capacity and the need for disposal respectively. Waste generation rate in Kampala increased from 0.26 to 0.47 kg/capita/day and the annual waste quantity increased significantly (p < 0.5) by 48% from 227,916 to 481,081 tons corresponding to a 54% population increase. Waste collection efficiency increased from 30% to 64% and hence waste for disposal increased significantly (p < 0.5), with a mean of 15,823 tons/month; but varied significantly (p < 0.5) with the city division. The most (5120 tons) and least (3472 tons) waste per month was collected from the Central and Nakawa divisions respectively. Additionally, Kampala Capital City Authority collected significantly more waste than private collectors for all study years. Waste is disposed of at the Kiteezi landfill despite exhausted capacity. Future projections showed that by 2030, annual waste would increase by approximately 60% for Kampala and Nairobi and by 74% for Dar es Salaam. Dar es Salaam generated the highest amount of waste, five times more than Kampala. More investment needs to be made towards the reduction of waste disposal and strategies developed for the reuse and recycling of waste.
Competencies and Pedagogies for Sustainability Education: A Roadmap for Sustainability Studies Program Development in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Evans Tina Lynn
Published: October 2019

Sustainability studies educators in colleges and universities must identify and teach the knowledge, skills, and abilities their graduates will most need to advance sustainability while confronting perhaps the most serious, sweeping, and integrated set of challenges humanity has ever known. Using a rigorous grounded theory and hermeneutics based analysis/synthesis of the relevant literature, this study articulates and describes in depth a set of five competencies for the sustainability field and suggests potentially effective pedagogies for teaching them. Findings in the areas of both competencies and pedagogies for sustainability education imply the benefits of integrative, active, collaborative, and applied approaches to curriculum development and teaching—approaches that directly involve students in learning and practicing transdisciplinary engagement in service to sustainability. The Bachelor of Arts in Sustainability Studies program at Colorado Mountain College serves as an example of how the articulated competency framework is being applied to evaluate and enhance curriculum and learning outcomes. The competency framework and pedagogical recommendations offered may also serve as roadmaps for educators at other institutions who prepare graduates to address the pressing challenges of sustainability evident in communities, nations, and the world.
GIS-Based Social Cost–Benefit Analysis on Integrated Urban Water Management in China: A Case Study of Sponge City in Harbin
Authors: Fan Xuezhou , Matsumoto Toru
Published: October 2019

Climate change along with industrialization or urbanization, which uses materials with low water permeability and is accompanied by change in urban land use, are major reasons for frequent urban floods in many Chinese cities. Moreover, upgrading the drainage system can have numerous negative environmental impacts on the city, especially in districts with dense population and buildings. A new integrated urban water management (IUWM) strategy implemented in China, “sponge city,” has gained significant attention in recent years. In this study, a novel framework is built to analyze the effectiveness of sponge city by 3D simulating urban inundation results and performing a cost–benefit analysis. Construction and maintenance fees are included in the costs list, and carbon reduction, air quality improvement, rainwater harvesting, and reduction of flood risk are included under benefits. The district of Nangang in Harbin city in Northeast China was chosen as a case study area. Finally, we conclude that the maximum precipitation of 49.82 mm/h by sponge city can bring the inundation depth below a target depth in the target area. Further, though the sponge city project is not effective from a private perspective, it is effective from a social perspective.
Analysis on the Evolution Path and Hotspot of Knowledge Innovation Study Based on Knowledge Map
Authors: Liu Hongyu , Zhao Shukuan , Xin Ouyang
Published: October 2019

Innovation is the main driving force for promoting high-quality economic development. The ability for knowledge innovation and knowledge transformation productivity reflects the ability for scientific research transformation and the comprehensive strength of the science and technology of the country. This paper takes the knowledge innovation literature collected in the Web of Science database as its research object, carries on the knowledge atlas analysis with Citespace IV software, makes a knowledge atlas of the space-time distribution, document co-citation and keyword co-occurrence, respectively, and further explores the distribution status, changing trend and hot areas of knowledge innovation research. (1) American and British scholars have led the research in knowledge innovation, and Chinese scholars have followed the international frontier in this field; (2) The research evolution path of knowledge innovation can be summarized as follows: the research object is gradually detailed from the macro-enterprise level to the micro-enterprise level. The research hotspots are as follows: (3) The four hotspots of knowledge innovation research are based on research on the knowledge innovation system within enterprises, research on the knowledge innovation mode based on innovation cooperation among enterprises, and research on the knowledge innovation among enterprises based on inter-organizational knowledge. Research on the knowledge innovation path of knowledge sharing and enterprise knowledge innovation development is based on the global strategic orientation. This paper clarifies the evolution path and development trend of knowledge innovation research, offering a summary for further research and motivating professionals to research future knowledge innovation.
Investigation on Surface Properties of Mn-Doped CdSe Quantum Dots Studied by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Authors: Hamizi Nor Aliya , Johan Mohd Rafie , Abdul Wahab Yasmin , Chowdhury Zaira Zaman , Akbarzadeh Omid , Sagadevan Suresh , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Yunus Khan Tatagar Mohammad , Kamangar Sarfaraz
Published: October 2019

In this work, we report on the effects of incorporating manganese (Mn) dopant into different sizes of cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots (QDs), which improves the electronic and optical properties of the QDs for multiple applications such as light-emitting diodes, lasers, and biological labels. Furthermore, the greener inverse Micelle method was implemented using organic ligand, which is oleic acid. This binding of the surface enhanced the QDs’ surface trap passivation of Mn-doped CdSe, which then increased the quantity of the output. In addition, the inverse Micelle technique was used successfully to dope Mn into CdSe QDs without the risk of Mn dopants being self-purified as experienced by wurtzite CdSe QDs. Also, we report the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results and analysis of zinc blended manganese-doped cadmium selenide quantum dots (Mn-doped CdSe QDs), which were synthesized with physical sizes that varied from 3 to 14 nm using the inverse Micelle method. The XPS scans traced the existence of the Se 3d and Cd 3d band of CdSe crystals with a 54.1 and 404.5 eV binding energy. The traced 640.7 eV XPS peak is proof that Mn was integrated into the lattice of CdSe QDs. The binding energy of the QDs was related to the increase in the size of the QDs.
Endothelial Toxicity of High Glucose and its by-Products in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Dou Laetitia , Jourde-Chiche Noémie
Published: October 2019

Alterations of renal endothelial cells play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of diabetic kidney disease. High glucose per se, as well as glucose by-products, induce endothelial dysfunction in both large vessels and the microvasculature. Toxic glucose by-products include advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a group of modified proteins and/or lipids that become glycated after exposure to sugars, and glucose metabolites produced via the polyol pathway. These glucose-related endothelio-toxins notably induce an alteration of the glomerular filtration barrier by increasing the permeability of glomerular endothelial cells, altering endothelial glycocalyx, and finally, inducing endothelial cell apoptosis. The glomerular endothelial dysfunction results in albuminuria. In addition, high glucose and by-products impair the endothelial repair capacities by reducing the number and function of endothelial progenitor cells. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of renal endothelial toxicity of high glucose/glucose by-products, which encompass changes in synthesis of growth factors like TGF-β and VEGF, induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and reduction of NO bioavailability. We finally present potential therapies to reduce endothelial dysfunction in diabetic kidney disease.
Driving Interactions Efficiently in a Composite Few-Body System
Authors: Kahan Alan , Fogarty Thomás , Li Jing , Busch Thomas
Published: October 2019

We study how to efficiently control an interacting few-body system consisting of three harmonically trapped bosons. Specifically, we investigate the process of modulating the inter-particle interactions to drive an initially non-interacting state to a strongly interacting one, which is an eigenstate of a chosen Hamiltonian. We also show that for unbalanced subsystems, where one can individually control the different inter- and intra-species interactions, complex dynamics originate when the symmetry of the ground state is broken by phase separation. However, as driving the dynamics too quickly can result in unwanted excitations of the final state, we optimize the driven processes using shortcuts to adiabaticity, which are designed to reduce these excitations at the end of the interaction ramp, ensuring that the target eigenstate is reached.
Molecular Surveillance of EHV-1 Strains Circulating in France during and after the Major 2009 Outbreak in Normandy Involving Respiratory Infection, Neurological Disorder, and Abortion
Authors: Sutton Gabrielle , Garvey Marie , Cullinane Ann , Jourdan Marion , Fortier Christine , Moreau Peggy , Foursin Marc , Gryspeerdt Annick , Maisonnier Virginie , Marcillaud-Pitel Christel , Legrand Loïc , Paillot Romain , Pronost Stéphane
Published: October 2019

Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is an Alphaherpesvirus infecting not only horses but also other equid and non-equid mammals. It can cause respiratory distress, stillbirth and neonatal death, abortion, and neurological disease. The different forms of disease induced by EHV-1 infection can have dramatic consequences on the equine industry, and thus the virus represents a great challenge for the equine and scientific community. This report describes the progress of a major EHV-1 outbreak that took place in Normandy in 2009, during which the three forms of disease were observed. A collection of EHV-1 strains isolated in France and Belgium from 2012 to 2018 were subsequently genetically analysed in order to characterise EHV-1 strain circulation. The open reading frame 30 (ORF30) non-neuropathogenic associated mutation A2254 was the most represented among 148 samples analysed in this study. ORF30 was also sequenced for 14 strains and compared to previously published sequences. Finally, a more global phylogenetic approach was performed based on a recently described Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) method. French and Belgian strains were clustered with known strains isolated in United Kingdom and Ireland, with no correlation between the phylogeny and the time of collection or location. This new MLST approach could be a tool to help understand epidemics in stud farms.
SV40 Hijacks Cellular Transport, Membrane Penetration, and Disassembly Machineries to Promote Infection
Authors: Chen Yu-Jie , Liu Xiaofang , Tsai Billy
Published: October 2019

During entry, a virus must be transported through the endomembrane system of the host cell, penetrate a cellular membrane, and undergo capsid disassembly, to reach the cytosol and often the nucleus in order to cause infection. To do so requires the virus to coordinately exploit the action of cellular membrane transport, penetration, and disassembly machineries. How this is accomplished remains enigmatic for many viruses, especially for viruses belonging to the nonenveloped virus family. In this review, we present the current model describing infectious entry of the nonenveloped polyomavirus (PyV) SV40. Insights from SV40 entry are likely to provide strategies to combat PyV-induced diseases, and to illuminate cellular trafficking, membrane transport, and disassembly mechanisms.
Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus-Like Particles Induce a Potent Humoral and Cellular Immune Response in Goats
Authors: Yan Feihu , Banadyga Logan , Zhao Yongkun , Zhao Ziqi , Schiffman Zachary , Huang Pei , Li Entao , Wang Cuiling , Gao Yuwei , Feng Na , Wang Tiecheng , Wang Hualei , Xia Xianzhu , Wang Chengyu , Yang Songtao , Qiu Xiangguo
Published: October 2019

Peste des petits ruminants is a highly contagious acute or subacute disease of small ruminants caused by the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), and it is responsible for significant economic losses in animal husbandry. Vaccination represents the most effective means of controlling this disease, with virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines offering promising vaccine candidates. In this study, a PPRV VLP-based vaccine was developed using a baculovirus expression system, allowing for the simultaneous expression of the PPRV matrix (M), hemagglutinin (H), fusion (F) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins in insect cells. Immunization of mice and goats with PPRV VLPs elicited a robust neutralization response and a potent cellular immune response. Mouse studies demonstrated that VLPs induced a more robust IFN-γ response in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells than PPRV Nigeria 75/1 and recruited and/or activated more B cells and dendritic cells in inguinal lymph nodes. In addition, PPRV VLPs induced a strong Th1 class response in mice, as indicated by a high IgG2a to IgG1 ratio. Goat studies demonstrated that PPRV VLPs can induce the production of antibodies specific for F and H proteins and can also stimulate the production of virus neutralizing antibodies to the same magnitude as the PPRV Nigeria 75/1 vaccine. Higher amounts of IFN-γ in VLP-immunized animal serum suggested that VLPs also elicited a cellular immune response in goats. These results demonstrated that VLPs elicit a potent immune response against PPRV infection in small ruminants, making PPRV VLPs a potential candidate for PPRV vaccine development.
Additional Value of Using Satellite-Based Soil Moisture and Two Sources of Groundwater Data for Hydrological Model Calibration
Authors: Demirel Mehmet Cüneyd , Özen Alparslan , Orta Selen , Toker Emir , Demir Hatice Kübra , Ekmekcioğlu Ömer , Tayşi Hüsamettin , Eruçar Sinan , Sağ Ahmet Bilal , Sarı Ömer , Tuncer Ecem , Hancı Hayrettin , Özcan Türkan İrem , Erdem Hilal , Koşucu Mehmet Melih , Başakın Eyyup Ensar , Ahmed Kamal , Anwar Awat , Avcuoğlu Muhammet Bahattin , Vanlı Ömer , Stisen Simon , Booij Martijn J.
Published: October 2019

Although the complexity of physically-based models continues to increase, they still need to be calibrated. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using new satellite technologies and products with high resolution in model evaluations and decision-making. The aim of this study is to investigate the value of different remote sensing products and groundwater level measurements in the temporal calibration of a well-known hydrologic model i.e., Hydrologiska Bryåns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV). This has rarely been done for conceptual models, as satellite data are often used in the spatial calibration of the distributed models. Three different soil moisture products from the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Soil Measure (ESA CCI SM v04.4), The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer on the Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua satellite (AMSR-E), soil moisture active passive (SMAP), and total water storage anomalies from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) are collected and spatially averaged over the Moselle River Basin in Germany and France. Different combinations of objective functions and search algorithms, all targeting a good fit between observed and simulated streamflow, groundwater and soil moisture, are used to analyze the contribution of each individual source of information. Firstly, the most important parameters are selected using sensitivity analysis, and then these parameters are included in a subsequent model calibration. The results of our multi-objective calibration reveal a substantial contribution of remote sensing products to the lumped model calibration, even if their spatially-distributed information is lost during the spatial aggregation. Inclusion of new observations, such as groundwater levels from wells and remotely sensed soil moisture to the calibration improves the model’s physical behavior, while it keeps a reasonable water balance that is the key objective of every hydrologic model.
Effects of a Groundwater Heat Pump on Thermophilic Bacteria Activity
Authors: Kim Heejung , Lee Jin-Yong
Published: October 2019

Groundwater samples were collected from the tubular wells of a groundwater heat pump (GWHP), and the psychrophilic, mesophilic, and thermophilic bacteria inhabiting the collected groundwater were cultured and isolated. Using the isolated bacteria, we analyzed temperature-dependent changes in autochthonous bacteria based on the operation of the GWHP. Microbial culture identified eight species of bacteria: five species of thermophilic bacteria (Anoxybacillus tepidamans, Bacillus oceanisediminis, Deinococcus geothermalis, Effusibacillus pohliae, and Vulcaniibacterium thermophilum), one species of mesophilic bacteria (Lysobacter mobilis), and two species of psychrophilic bacteria (Paenibacillus elgii and Paenibacillus lautus). The results indicated A. tepidamans as the most dominant thermophilic bacterium in the study area. Notably, the Anoxybacillus genus was previous reported as a microorganism capable of creating deposits that clog above-ground wells and filters at geothermal power plants. Additionally, we found that on-site operation of the GWHP had a greater influence on the activity of thermophilic bacteria than on psychrophilic bacteria among autochthonous bacteria. These findings suggested that study of cultures of thermophilic bacteria might contribute to understanding the bio-clogging phenomena mediated by A. tepidamans in regard to GWHP-related thermal efficiency.
Assessment of the Requirements within the Environmental Monitoring Plans Used to Evaluate the Environmental Impacts of Desalination Plants in Chile
Authors: Sola Iván , Sánchez-Lizaso José Luis , Muñoz Pamela T. , García-Bartolomei Enzo , Sáez Claudio A. , Zarzo Domingo
Published: October 2019

Seawater desalination represents an alternative solution to face the challenge of water scarcity in Chile. However, the uncertainty toward potential environmental impacts of desalination plants represent a barrier to achieving water sustainability and socioeconomic development in Chile. This study aimed to assess the quality of environmental monitoring plans (EMP) and determine the aspects to be improved within it, in order to enhance the management of desalination plants during the operation phase and guarantee a sustainable development of the activity. The Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and Environmental Impact Studies for seawater desalination projects published in the Environmental Impact Evaluation System (SEIA) in Chile between 1997 and 2018 were reviewed. The results of the brine production from desalination plants showed a significant increase in the last decade (about 1.6 Mm3 per year estimated according to the projects approved or under implementation). The EMPs data show heterogeneity and increasing requirements over time, which can be attributed to the governmental effort to improve environmental protection. Furthermore, a high frequency of irrelevant descriptors was identified in the current EMPs. The study thus recommended standardizing the environmental requirements included in EMPs based on empiric scientific knowledge to enhance the environmental protection programs in Chile.
Microplastic Fibers Released by Textile Laundry: A New Analytical Approach for the Determination of Fibers in Effluents
Authors: Haap Jasmin , Classen Edith , Beringer Jan , Mecheels Stefan , Gutmann Jochen S.
Published: October 2019

The detection of shedded fibers in effluents from textile washing has attracted much attention due to its reported contribution to microplastic pollution. Commonly used analytical methods for fiber detection in liquids are based on filtration with subsequent microscopic analysis and/or gravimetric weighing. These approaches are time-consuming and prone to errors. In this study, an approach based on dynamic image analysis was applied in order to set up an efficient method to analyze fibers in effluents from washing processes. In an initial validation step, reliable information on the counts of fibers and the morphological characteristics were confirmed. For wastewaters from polyester-cotton blends, the chemical nature of the fiber debris (natural vs. synthetic origin) was determined by combining the dynamic image analysis with a chemical pre-treatment. In this study, dynamic image analysis was revealed as a rapid, non-destructive, precise, and reliable technology for the characterization and quantification of the fiber debris, offering a promising approach for fiber analysis in liquids.
TED TALKS VIDEO AND STUDENTS’ LISTENING SKILLS
Authors: Fahmiansyah Dimas , Abdulrahman Tryanti R
Published: October 2019

The advancement of technology makes the use of media growing rapidly, but its application in the field of learning, especialy English is still fairly minimal. Recently, the use of technologies has grown to be popular in ESL / EFL teaching, TED (Technology, Entertainment, and Design) is one of them. Hence, the aim of this research is to find out whether there is or no effect of the use of TED Talks video on grade eleven students’ listening skill. The research was conducted at SMAN 89 Jakarta in the academic year 2017/2018. The population of this research consists of 216 students sitting on six classes. The samples of the research were taken by the means of cluster random sampling from the population with the total sample number of 70 students consisted of 35 students each class.
            The adopted research methodology was quasi-experimental research, with the research design being randomized post-test only control group design. The statistic method used to analyze the data was One-Way ANOVA using SPSS through the testing of Null Hypotheses, which was preceded by the normality test and homogeneity test as the pre-requisite to the data analysis. The result of the test showed that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted which proves that there is significant effect of the use of TED Talks on grade eleven students’ listening skill.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF DRAMA AS TEACHING TECHNIQUE ON GRADE EIGHT STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY ACQUISITION
Authors: Suezdi Deddy , NA Denada
Published: October 2019

This research entitled “Investigating The Effect of Drama as Teaching Technique on Grade Eight Students’ Vocabulary Acquisition at MTs Assyairiyah Attahiriyah Jakarta” principally aims to investigate whether or not drama technique significantly affects students’ vocabulary acquisition. The research samples were taken using cluster random sampling, with the total number of samples being 60 students. The location of this research was MTs Assyairiyah Attahiriyah Jakarta. The research methodology adopted was quasi-experiment method, with the research design being post test only control group design. To collect the data, the students were given the objective test, numbering 30 items. The research data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The findings indicated that there was significant difference of post-test score between the students who received drama technique and students who did not receive drama technique. It can be seen from the data analysis using ANOVA that showed Fobserved (90.988) is higher than the critical value of Ftable (at the significant level of 0.05 and df = 1/84), namely 3.96. it means that drama technique has significant effect on students’ vocabulary acquisition.
Data Mining Menggunakan Rough Set dalam Menganalisa Modal Upah Produksi pada Industri Seragam Sekolah
Authors: Putra Rahman Arief , Defit Sarjon
Published: October 2019

In a fund industry is a very important factor, mismanagement or unavailability of funds can have a negative impact on the industry, the successful shop still uses internal capital that is capital from the sale of the store itself, the sales results are not always sufficient to pay the production wage money cause late payments which adversely affect the performance of workers and the industry itself, production wage data on successful stores can be utilized by using the rough set method to find solutions to predict future production wages, The results found 57 rules of 8 reducts from 11 Equivalence Classes that provide new information that is the cause factor of not achieving capital production wages, the main factor is income followed by sewing wages, cut wages