bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Elementary Classroom Learning Experiences With Mobile Learning
Authors: Holovatenko Tetiana
Published: August 2023

This chapter discusses the importance of mobile learning in teaching elementary classroom digital natives. The author grounds mobile learning into the individual characteristics of young learners, the theory of mobile learning, multiliteracy pedagogy, and the SAMR framework to emphasize a dynamic interplay between learners, teachers, technology, and learning environment created by mobile learning. The chapter presents a range of activities that leverage the affordances of mobile devices by using images, audio, and QR codes in the instructional design in elementary classrooms. These activities foster student autonomy, collaboration, and critical thinking while promoting visual and digital literacies. The chapter emphasizes the importance of scaffolding and instructional design in leveraging mobile learning effectively. Activities suggested by the author are accompanied by step-by-step instructions and examples, which makes them relevant both for pre-service and in-service elementary school teachers, teacher trainers, and professional development providers.
Stepping Stones to STEM
Authors: Guerra Adriana M.
Published: August 2023

Using a reflective narrative, the author shares her experiences building a STEM curriculum in a small public Title 1 elementary school. The author breaks down the multiyear process by sharing significant steppingstones that led to the most current project, a tinker structure. The author shares the successful and challenging experiences of the undertaking and cautions of possible pitfalls. The author concludes with recommended processes for readers to consider revitalizing their STEM curriculum.
Imagined Contact in Majority-Minority Schooling Contexts and Its Effects on Actual Intergroup Helping
Authors: Ma'rof Aini Azeqa
Published: August 2023

In this chapter, the focus revolves around the concept of imagined prosocial contact from a third-person perspective, particularly in school settings involving both majority and minority groups. The aim is to explore the impact of this approach on attitudes and behavioral changes among students. The chapter sheds light on two significant effects of imagined contact. Firstly, it becomes evident that imagined contact is not solely advantageous for majority groups; it also proves to be beneficial for minority groups. This positive impact extends to promoting favorable intergroup attitudes and behaviors, fostering a more inclusive and harmonious environment within the school context. Secondly, the authors go beyond examining mere intentions and delve into the realm of truly helpful behavior in real-life scenarios. By intervening in the imagined contact approach, the authors investigate its potential to influence tangible actions between members of different racial backgrounds.
School Principal Leadership Behavior From the Social-Psychological Perspective
Authors: Heli Helme Bin , Ismail Ismi Arif
Published: August 2023

This study examines how social psychology influences leadership behaviors and their impact on school environments. It analyzes the complex dynamics between leaders, followers, and the social context to understand effective leadership in schools. The research uses social psychological theories to explore leadership styles, interpersonal relationships, group dynamics, and social influence. The study emphasizes the importance of social and psychological factors in shaping effective leadership practices, offering practical implications for policymakers, administrators, and practitioners. It provides insights into strategies for creating positive leadership climates, improving teacher-student relationships, and fostering a supportive school culture.
Unraveling the Impact of Social Dynamism on Student Stress Amidst COVID-19
Authors: Nazrul Islam Md , Rahman Haliza Abdul
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted school students, causing heightened levels of stress and reshaping social dynamics within educational settings. This study aims to unravel the complex relationship between COVID-19-related stress and social dynamics among school students. By exploring factors such as changes in peer interactions, alterations in classroom environments, the impact of remote learning and limited social contact, as well as disparities in access to technology and internet connectivity, this research seeks to understand the far-reaching consequences of the pandemic on students' well-being. Additionally, this study examines the application of social systems, social support theory, and the transactional model of stress and coping in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings from this research contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between social dynamics and COVID-19-related stress among school students, with implications for developing effective interventions and support systems.
Exploring the Individual Educational Plan (IEP) on Mainstream Teachers' Teaching Experience at an International Secondary School in Petaling District
Authors: Murty Thinoshaa Prem Krishnan , Yasin Maizura
Published: August 2023

The study aims to explore the implementation of the individual educational plan (IEP) in mainstream teachers' teaching experience. Special need education (SEN) is a specialized department within schools that works on identifying and supporting students with learning difficulties. Many schools have acknowledged the importance of this department within the school as it provides an opportunity for an inclusive education without discriminating against the child's rights to receive education as same as peers. This IEP consists of specially picked targets according to the child's need in acquiring the lesson. However, there are challenges faced by mainstream teachers in the implementation of IEP. The study is qualitative, employing an interview method to collect data. The results revealed five themes. Results showed that IEP has added to the informants' workload, and because it's time consuming, the informants only investigated the IEP profile when needed. The informants agree that the IEP has improved. If it is applied more diligently, these students can benefit from it greatly.
Constructing an Integrated Sustainable Halal Policy (ISHP) in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Azalie Izni Azrein Noor
Published: August 2023

This chapter aims to revisit some of the foundational questions that help create the domains often treated in exclusion or in silos, particularly those involving public, industrial, and economic policies, and proposed a new framework of which how the three could be integrated and synchronized by using experiences from the Brunei halal industry as a case study. This chapter is timely as the food industry is seen as one of the five main sectors aimed at diversifying the Bruneian economy and development envisioned in the Brunei Vision 2035, in tandem with some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The study is based on the experiences of Brunei's food industry players. Adapting it to the principles of Islamic governance not only puts into context the logic of why such an integrated halal policy is crucial for the alleviation of poverty (SDG1) and the development of sustainable cities and communities (SDG 8) alike but also answers the calls towards responsible production and consumption (SDG 12) whilst supporting the decent work and economic growth promotion (SDG 11).
Impact of Audio-Visual Resources on Student Performance in Higher Education in Support of SDG 4
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Mohi El-Din
Published: August 2023

The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 emphasizes the importance of quality education for all, aiming to provide inclusive, equitable, and lifelong learning opportunities. In line with this goal, higher institutions have embraced technological advancements, particularly the integration of audiovisual resources, to enhance the learning experience for students. This research explores the impact of audiovisual resources on student achievement in higher institutions and its contribution to advancing SDG 4. Students in higher institutions have widely adopted mobile technologies in their academic pursuits, presenting an opportunity to leverage these technologies for educational purposes. Specifically, the study focuses on the use of audiovisual resources to teach Arabic language skills to non-native speakers at Universiti Brunei Darussalam. A semi-experimental approach was employed, and a randomly selected sample of Arabic language students participated in the study.
The Use of Benefits Management in E-Government Projects
Authors: Fernandes Teresa Matos , Gomes Jorge Vareda , Romão Mario
Published: August 2023

The expenses in information systems and information technology (IS/IT) represent a substantial share in organizations' budgets. However, IS/IT investment projects seem to continue to show reduced success rates. The benefits management (BM) has gained relevance as a way, not only to understand these failures, but also as a tool available to organizations to improve the success of IS/TI investments. The objective of this article is to understand how BM can be applied in IS/IT investments in the public administration (PA) and help to leverage the benefits of these investments. A case study was conducted using an e-Government project in the Portuguese PA. The study showed how a BM approach can be applied in this environment and also identified some difficulties that must be considered. Several benefits, which were not foreseen, were identified and evaluated, or proposed some criteria for their evaluation, highlighting, this way, the true contribution of IS/IT investments in delivering services to citizens and increasing public organizations performance.
Diversity in the Banking Sector
Authors: Al-Aali Ebtihaj Ahmed , Masmoudi Meryem , Hussain Saleh
Published: August 2023

Previous studies on women leadership in Bahrain focus on situational factors. The earlier studies have attempted to analyze factors either enhancing or impeding women occupying leadership positions . This research, however, is an endeavor to examine styles of leadership followed by women in banking industry in Bahrain. The leadership styles of women are explored in the light of the present organizational contexts which are shaped by the contemporary employment issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion. Strategies developed to cope up with the requirements of diversity implementation and improvement are studied as well. The research is based on qualitative methodology. In-depth interview is the research method used to collect information from six CEOs in banking industry in Bahrain.
Creating the Climate for Workplace Diversity
Authors: Cleveland Simon , Cleveland Marisa
Published: August 2023

The advancement of the digital landscape has caused organizations to scrutinize their actions and practices through constant re-evaluation of its practices and this has yielded some valuable implications for society. This chapter proposes that effective leadership arises from an individual's capacity to engage in cross-cultural interactions. The study revealed that reward systems, communication processes, and diversity opportunities were three patterns that emerged within the institution under review. Implications for how diversity has the power to impact personal and professional lives in positive ways are examined and recommendations for leadership on embracing diversity initiatives are proposed.
Ethnopsychology in the Digital Era
Authors: Daisy Anjali
Published: August 2023

A determination of current and probably future issues is tendered to in four segments. The first area manages the inescapable discussion among relativistic and universalistic introductions. In the second area, the authors talk about how the idea of culture is utilized in experimental investigations, attracting regard for, in addition to other things, the low accentuation on culturally diverse likenesses that rise up out of numerous informational indexes. The third segment addresses three topics that may well turn out to be progressively vital later on, to be specific inquiries concerning the level of soundness in culturally diverse information crossing bigger scopes of conduct, the coordination of discoveries from non-western social orders, and expansion in look into on human improvement in a social setting. The fourth segment stresses the duty of culturally diverse clinicians to apply their ability, particularly to issues of monetary and social imbalance, to add to human prosperity.
The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Education 4.0
Authors: Polas Mohammad Rashed Hasan , Jahanshahi Asghar Afshar , Ahamed Bulbul , Molla Md. Omar Faruque
Published: August 2023

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has grown exponentially. Technologies using artificial intelligence can sort through and decipher vast volumes of data from several sources to carry out a range of activities. The expansion of social production is facilitated by the development of artificial intelligence, but it also poses significant challenges to conventional wisdom in human education in the post-COVID-19 context. This chapter discusses how various educational techniques may have been influenced by the emergence of artificial intelligence technologies. The authors concentrate on the significance of using artificial intelligence in education 4.0 with a view to the green idea in light of the study. The study also looked at the kinds of green artificial intelligence technologies that are most commonly employed in the education sector. The study in this field discusses the value of technology, including artificial intelligence, and how instructors and students use them in the teaching and learning process.
An Assessment of the Employment Quality Evaluation System of Graduates From Vocational Colleges
Authors: Pan Fuzhong , Lai P. C. , Toh Evelyn B. H.
Published: August 2023

In order to evaluate the employment quality of the graduates, two dimensions are assessed: graduate employment satisfaction and employer employment satisfaction. The use of the “Minnesota job adaptation theory” underpins this study in order to establish the quality of talent training and employment work in higher vocational colleges. Empirical research established that although the graduates have high employment satisfaction after graduation, the overall level of employment satisfaction does not remain high due to the lack of recognition and self-confidence in their careers. When the level of employers' satisfaction with employing graduates is high, the higher the job satisfaction evaluation. Hence, higher vocational colleges should follow the vocational education concept of “employment-oriented, ability-based,” and devote themselves to cultivating students' employability, enhancing students' occupational adaptability, and improving the quality of talent training and employment.
Exploration on Teaching Innovation and Reform of “Computer Application Fundamentals” Course in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Chen Danmei , Lai P. C.
Published: August 2023

With the continuous development of social informatization, the teaching objectives, content, and methods of university computer application basic courses are corresponding changes, and its teaching reform is imperative. The efficient development of information technology and the advent of the era of big data have provided an inexhaustible impetus to the reform of basic computer application courses in colleges and universities. The teaching methods of basic computer application courses need to be continuously researched and innovated, and the old teaching management mode of traditional courses in the past should be continuously deepened and reformed, in line with the trend of science and technology development in today's era, and to meet the huge demand for interdisciplinary talents in the modern market. The social development undertaking cultivates a large number of innovative and comprehensive talents to promote the sustainable development of society.
An Attempt to Introduce and Integrate Instructional Technology Into Secondary Classrooms
Authors: Nahar Lizoon , Mollah Shorif
Published: August 2023

Technology has changed the dynamics of educational practices. Educators worldwide encounter challenges when incorporating technologies into their classrooms, and Bangladesh is no exception. However, the country has made noteworthy progress in adopting technology in education. Despite this, several obstacles exist: inadequate teachers' training is one of the major challenges. To address this issue, a three-day training program was conducted, involving 67 teachers, aimed at acquainting them with user-friendly technologies to enhance teaching and assessment practices. In this chapter, the authors will detail the background of the project and training activities on Plickers, Flipgrid, Edpuzzle, and Zipgrade through the lens of the community of inquiry framework. Then the authors will share how they connected teachers through Facebook and continued dialogue to foster the professional community. Finally, they will share the challenges we faced when conducting this project and how they overcame them with a deep understanding of the institutional culture of school leaders and teachers in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Is It a Policy Formulation or “Threat Multiplier”?
Authors: Bag Akash , Saurav Shashikant , Pradhan Ashika , Newton Sujata
Published: August 2023

Climate change has been perceived as a security issue too crucial to be left solely in the hands of politicians. The chapter will examine the securitization of climate change in the UN Security Council during 2017-2018. By analyzing the framing of the issue by Council members and the resonance of these frames with the audience, the research determines which frames are accepted and which are disregarded, shedding light on the securitization process. The findings indicate that the Security Council has unanimously securitized climate change as a regional issue but not a global one. While some members have attempted to push for further securitization, even the limited securitization of climate change on a smaller scale is a novel development for the Council.
The Synergistic Effect of Institutional Quality and Remittances on Africa's Low-Carbon Transition
Authors: Yakubu Ibrahim Nandom , Bunyaminu Alhassan , Mohammed Ibrahim
Published: August 2023

This study explores the factors influencing energy transition in Africa, specifically focusing on the impact of institutional quality and remittances on renewable energy consumption. Using a comprehensive dataset covering 45 African countries from 2000 to 2020 and employing the generalized method of moments (GMM) technique, the analysis controls for industrialization, financial development, and population growth. The results demonstrate a significant negative effect of institutional quality and remittances on renewable energy consumption. However, the finding reveals a positive and significant interactive effect between institutional quality and remittances, indicating that the favourable alignment of these factors promotes the demand for renewable energy. Additionally, the study highlights a positive impact of industrialization and population growth on renewable energy consumption, while financial development has a significant negative effect. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers in developing effective strategies for a sustainable energy transition in Africa.
Charting a New Course
Authors: Musah Alhassan , Oumarou Seydou
Published: August 2023

This study examines the impact of inclusive finance and control of corruption on environmental pollution in Ghana from 2000 to 2020, considering the effects of remittances and renewable energy consumption. The results indicate that both inclusive finance and control of corruption have a significant negative influence on CO2 emissions, emphasizing the importance of promoting financial inclusion and combating corruption to reduce environmental pollution. However, the study finds that remittances have a positive but insignificant impact on pollution. Additionally, there is a negative relationship between renewable energy consumption and pollution, highlighting the role of renewable energy in mitigating environmental harm. Policy recommendations include enhancing financial inclusion, intensifying anti-corruption efforts, and promoting renewable energy sources.
Shaping and Reshaping Legislators' Understanding and Forecasting Capacity to Vote Legal Instruments for Sustainable Energy
Authors: Agbokou Isidore E.
Published: August 2023

The development of renewable energies and technological progress offer new possibilities for project operators. In particular, the gradual interconnection of off-grid systems and mini-grids could prove to be more suited to economic constraints and local socio-demographic specificities, leading to long-term energy systems that differ from the current centralized systems of industrialized countries. The objective of universal access to energy poses the challenge of disseminating large-scale competitive, sustainable, and affordable energy solutions for end users. Thus, legislators must fully understand issues and challenges within the energy sector and post-2030 development prospects. This chapter will cover areas in Benin to guide legislators on robust and relevant energy acts for the future. This includes commitments for the sound implementation of the Paris Agreement and sustainable development.
Reinvigorating the Path to SDG 7
Authors: Yakubu Ibrahim Nandom , Abdul-Wahab Abdul-Hamid , Mohammed Abdul-Latif
Published: August 2023

This study examines the relationship between institutional efficiency and energy outcomes in the MINT economies (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey) over the period 1996–2021. Energy outcomes are measured using various indicators, including energy intensity, total energy consumption, renewable energy consumption, and fossil fuel consumption. The dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) technique is utilized to analyze the data. The findings reveal a mixed impact of institutional efficiency on energy outcomes. Higher institutional efficiency is associated with a reduction in energy intensity. Likewise, stronger institutions are linked to a decrease in the share of renewable energy, suggesting challenges in promoting renewable energy adoption in the MINT economies. Furthermore, institutional efficiency is positively related to total energy consumption and the use of fossil fuels, indicating a reliance on traditional energy sources. The study finds no significant effect of industrialization on energy outcomes, while trade openness exhibits a positive and significant impact.
Examples of Activities That Can Be Used for Value Transfer in a Primary School 4th Grade Social Studies Course
Authors: Temur Süleyman
Published: August 2023

Values play a key role in order to exist in social life practices and to ensure the continuity of culture. As a matter of fact, values are a system of beliefs consisting of the experiences of the individual through socialization. In this context, in the study, sample activities were presented in the worksheets supported by nine values in the 4th grade social studies curriculum (SSLC). Literary genres such as epics, stories, poems, proverbs, quotations, comics, and biography were used in the worksheets. As a matter of fact, it is known that the use of literary works in the learning and teaching process serves permanent learning. For this reason, literary works were used in the worksheets prepared on value transfer in the study. Literary works appear as a reflector and transmitter of culture. These works are seen as important works in reflecting the social life, social relations, moral, and religious values of the period. This is important in order to ensure that values are internalized correctly. In this context, it is thought that the study will guide educators.
The Socio-Economic Pillar of the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Theodossiou Nicolaos , Stavridis Charalampos
Published: August 2023

The recent coronavirus pandemic, also known as the COVID-19 pandemic, has proved that the main economic models followed globally are fragile and shown how vulnerable the societies are. This lack of resilience proves that development is a complex process built upon synergies and trade-offs between factors such as good health, human capital, and environmental prosperity. These interconnections are expressed through the concept of sustainable development, which is depicted through the sustainable development goals. In this paper, the connections between society, economy, and the SDGs are examined, forming the socio-economic pillar of the SDGs.
Quality of the Global Information Environment
Authors: Oleński Józef
Published: August 2023

In the globalized world, phenomena like the COVID19 pandemic are generating global social and economic shocks and—in some branches and countries—the catastrophes (n the sense of ReneThom). For effective social and economic policy, it is the global information environment delivering relevant and pertinent information to all stakeholders—governments, businesses, and the public. The ‘clean' information environment is the prerequisite of effective counter reaction against the shocks and catastrophes caused by COVID19. Building such information environment needs the adjustment of infrastructural information systems, especially official statistics, to the conditions of shocks and catatrophes caused by global phenomena like COVID19.
Cloud in Digital Government
Authors: Yusifov Farhad
Published: August 2023

The development and widespread use of cloud technologies promises a number of economic prospects at the local, regional, and global levels. Cloud technologies have numerous advantages in terms of management, storage, and exchange of information resources in the virtual space for the public and private sector, citizens, and general users. The chapter provides an overview of the research conducted in the field of cloud technologies in Azerbaijan. The results show that the studies are mostly devoted to the infrastructure issues of cloud technologies, to the research of the conceptual bases of the creation of the government cloud, to the issues of security and personal data protection, as well as to the implementation of measures for the development of the economy of cloud technologies. The international experience in the field of government cloud was studied, and the realization of this concept and the results to be achieved were analysed. Necessary measures for the formation and development of the cloud technologies economy at the government level have been indicated.
IoT-Based Smart Agriculture
Authors: Sharma Sheelesh Kumar , Sharma Avinash Kumar , Sharma Sushant , Shukla Kabir , Ishaan Ishaan
Published: August 2023

The chapter explores how IoT technology can transform the agricultural industry. IoT devices, sensors, and data analytics in agriculture provide a disruptive answer by enabling the monitoring, automation, and optimization of many elements of agricultural operations. The chapter highlights the difficulties that conventional agricultural practices confront, including water scarcity, soil deterioration, and insect control. It emphasizes the demand for creative solutions to solve these problems. The chapter's main emphasis is on how IoT technology might transform agriculture. It explores the numerous ways that IoT is used in smart agriculture, such as precision farming, monitoring livestock, smart irrigation systems, and crop health monitoring. Farmers can make well-informed decisions thanks to IoT devices like sensors, actuators, and drones that enable real-time data collection and analysis. IoT-based smart agriculture has higher yields, better resource utilization, a smaller environmental footprint, and more profitability.
Empowering Agriculture With Conversational AI
Authors: Kansal Mrignainy , Singh Pancham , Srivastava Mili , Chaurasia Prateek
Published: August 2023

Conversational AI is the most trending technology in recent years. It's not just a buzzword anymore, it is here to stay and will continue to grow as more people become aware of its benefits. This technology can greatly help farmers and other agricultural workers by giving them the information. By leveraging chatbots, virtual assistants, and voice-based interfaces, it addresses challenges in accessing timely and accurate information. It enables early detection of crop diseases, provides real-time market prices, weather forecasts, and aids in soil health monitoring. Furthermore, it assists in farm equipment maintenance, streamlines access to government schemes, and fosters knowledge sharing among farmers. Additionally, it can be utilized for data collection and analysis, supporting precision agriculture practices. The integration of ML, data analytics, and IoT devices enhances the accuracy and insights derived from the collected data. Its transformative potential contributes to the sustainable growth of agriculture, ensuring food security and empowering farmers for a prosperous future.
Impact of Mandatory Food and Agriculture Laws on the Food Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Saraswat Shipra , Khan Rijwan , Kumar Ashok , Singh Akshay Pratap
Published: August 2023

Safety and quality of our food supply are crucial parts of good food governance. The primary goal of food legislation is to ensure the public's access to nutritious, pure food that is free from contamination. Food safety regulations, legislation, and standards vary from one nation to the next. All aspects of the agricultural industry are within the purview of agricultural law. Supporting and accommodating farmers is a crucial part of the project. Losses sustained by farmers need to be mitigated, and issues pertaining to farming, such as land ownership, environmental and social equity, and climate change, need to be addressed. An objective and credible analysis of the economic effect of required food and agricultural legislation on the businesses that provide them is needed. Here, the authors discuss 75 years' worth of changes and problems faced by the food manufacturing businesses as a result of mandated food and farm legislation.
Machine Learning Time Series Models for Tea Pest Looper Infestation in Assam, India
Authors: Dwivedi DwijendraNath , Kapur Pradish N. , Kapur Nipun N.
Published: August 2023

In the agriculture industry, pest infestation is a significant challenge that is complicated by the nonlinear relationship with environmental factors. Given the effectiveness of machine learning models in simulating such complex nonlinear phenomena, the authors opted to employ them in the modelling of the life cycle of tea pests, which impact several other crops as well. Accordingly, multiple machine learning models were developed to forecast the occurrence of tea pest looper infestations. They utilized data for just two readily available parameters—temperature and rainfall—to investigate whether predictive models of good quality can be created even with limited data, particularly for small tea growers. After analyzing the various models generated, they discovered that neural network models can produce accurate predictions even with a restricted data set. Therefore, they are optimistic that new age technologies such as machine learning can benefit many small farmers in India who lack access to various technologies and, as a result, have limited data.
Identification of Tomato Plant Disease Using Faster R-CNN and RetinaNet
Authors: Kumar Indrajeet , Bisht Aman , Rawat Jyoti
Published: August 2023

Plant disease plays a significant role in the low productivity of tomatoes which leads to huge loss to the farmer and the country's economy. Identification of plant disease at an early stage can play a major role in producing good amounts and even good quality tomatoes. Identification of the disease sometimes gets difficult because of lack of knowledge or having multiple diseases or even wrong prediction of disease. The chapter contains implementations of two classification algorithms Faster R-CNN and RetinaNet. Both the algorithms are initiated from transfer learning and tested on different hyperparameters for better results. The work produces impressive results with average precision (AP)-50 as FR 93.11%, RN 95.54%. The preliminary results look promising and can be helpful for harvest quality and precision agriculture.
Roles of Phytochemical Agents in the Prevention of Primary Cancer
Authors: Oteyola Ayodeji Ojo , Pilla Raffaele , Ola-Oladimeji Folasade Adesola , Fagbuaro Omotayo , de Avila Daiana Silva , Alimba Chibuisi Gideon , Jorge Erika Cristina , de Almeida Fernanda R. C. L.
Published: August 2023

The initiation and progression of cancerous lesions causes changes to DNA structure. Carcinogenesis can occur because of non-modifiable (genetic) and modifiable risk factors. Evidence revealed that of all the types of cancer, 5-10% are caused by non-modifiable risk factors. Many are caused by modifiable risk factors which revealed that it is preventable. The prevention of cancer is feasible because of the distinctive features of phytochemical agents. This chapter sheds more light on the agents that cause DNA damage which can in turn lead to cancer. In this chapter, the authors also shed more light on the molecular mechanism through which phytochemical agents can prevent cancer. The antioxidant activities, detoxification processes, mechanism of DNA repair, and demethylation activities of phytochemical agents were discussed in this chapter. The clinical evidence of the genoprotective nature of natural substances was also explained.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents From Common Spices
Authors: Kannan Abinayaa , Saravanan Thuyavan , I. Shanmuga Sundari , Balasubramaniyan Malathi
Published: August 2023

Spices have been extensively used by humans since ancient times to impart health and culinary purposes, which have the potential for disease management. Spices are considered medicinally valuable and hold a significant bioactive compound that is responsible for the promotion and fortification of human health, exhibited through their wide range of specific pharmacological benefits, specifically in the treatment of inflammation. Inflammation occurs through a cascade of actions, including recognition, activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and recruitment of cells. The action of anti-inflammatory phytocompounds involves the suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators, which primarily causes the upregulation of inflammatory activity. This chapter investigates the promising anti-inflammatory properties of the bioactive compounds from various spices and their suppressive role.
MEC Network Resource Allocation Strategy Based on Improved PSO in 5G Communication Network
Authors: Chen Yu
Published: August 2023

Relying on features such as high-speed, low latency, support for cutting-edge technology, internet of things, and multimodality, 5G networks will greatly contribute to the transformation of Web 3.0. In order to realize low-latency and high-speed information exchange in 5G communication networks, a method based on the allocation of network computing resource in view of edge computing model is proposed. The method first considers three computing modes: local device computing, local mobile edge computing (MEC) server computing, and adjacent MEC server computing. Then, a multi-scenario edge computing model is further constructed for optimizing energy consumption and delay. At the same time, the encoding-decoding mode is used to optimize PSO algorithm and combined with the improvement of fitness function, which can effectively support the communication network to achieve reasonable allocation of resources, ensuring efficiency of information exchange in the network. In the end, the results show that when the number of users is 500, the method can complete the task assignment within 44s.
The Influence of the Board Bending and Recoil Effect on Circus Performance in Korean Teeterboard
Authors: Cossin Marion , Ross Annie , Francois Prince
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the recoil effect in jumping on a Korean teeterboard, a circus equipment resembling a seesaw. To our knowledge, our study is the first to include detailed measurements of bending movement of the teeterboard per section. Two elite acrobats performed 120 jumps while a motion capture system collected kinematic data from both acrobats and the teeterboard. Board bending angles and timing were analyzed with a Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) model to identify the most important teeterboard variables associated to jump height. The BRT model showed that both the board recoil effect and the landing of the opposite acrobat influenced 46% and 37% of the jump height, respectively. The recoil timing was found to be synchronized with the last contact at take-off. Coaches should encourage acrobats to take advantage of the recoil effect to increase jump height in Korean teeterboard.
Reducing Testing Time by Considering the Rubber Curing Time in Tire Manufacturing Company
Authors: Wulung R.B. Seno , Saputri Syah Reihan
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Vulcanization and testing are important in the tire industry. This paper aims to reduce the total time of testing by considering the effect of rubberized vulcanization curing time on the peeling test. The experiment utilizes rubberized from natural rubber and polyester fabric as a sample. Furthermore, this paper investigates the shortest time which still maintains the standard properties of the product. This paper use nonfactorial Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with five variations of curing time including 20; 30; 40; 50; and 60 minutes. The results show that the duration of curing time affected the Force value and visualization of the peeling test. The result indicates that the most efficient rubberized curing time treatment was 30 minutes and obtained Force values 201 N, 216 N, 214 N, 201 N, and 211 N with an average of 208.6 N. Moreover, the result shows satisfactory adhesion characteristics in three category visualization values. Therefore, the sample met the company standard in both aspects of testingKeywords: Vulcanization, tire, curing time, peeling test, rubberized
The Design of a Piston Extruder for the Production of Gelatin Filaments Available for Hydroxyapatite Biocomposite 3D Printing
Authors: Syauqiyah Syifa , Santjojo Dionysius J.D.H. , Masruroh Masruroh , Dharmawan Hari Arief
Published: August 2023

Hydroxyapatite is naturally found in bone tissue. Tissue engineering often utilizes synthetic hydroxyapatite biocomposite for bone alloplastic grafting. The bone graft shape and size accuracy can be realized using three dimensions (3D) printing technology. The most important part of the 3D printer is an extruder producing printable filament of the material. This work presents a design of the extruder employed to create a gelatine filament. The gelatin will be used as the matrix of a hydroxyapatite biocomposite in the future. The main components of the extruder are a 10 mL acrylic syringe and a non-captive stepper motor. Three parameters, i.e., extrusion speed, material viscosity, and nozzle size, are examined to find the optimum filament production. The extrusion speed was controlled by programming the frequency step of the motor, and the viscosity was controlled by varying the composition of the aquadest-gelatine mixture. The results showed that the stable operation and the best filament were obtained with a motor speed of 0.17 mm/s, the aquadest-gelatine composition of 10 mL aquadest and 3 grams of gelatine powder, and a nozzle diameter of 0.3 mm.
Strong Acousto-Plasmonic Coupling in Film-Coupled Nanoparticles Mediated by Surface Acoustic Waves
Authors: Noual Adnan , Akiki Rock , Leveque Gaetan , Pennec Yan , El Boudouti Houssaine , Djafari-Rouhani Bahram
Published: August 2023

The interaction between phonons and localized plasmons in film-coupled nanoparticles designs can be exploited both for modulating the scattered electromagnetic field and the understanding of the mechanical vibrations at nanoscale. In this paper, we show by finite element numerical analysis an enhanced optomechanical interaction in a film-coupled gold nanoridges or pillars mediated by surface acoustic waves. The metallic nanoparticles are placed atop a multilayer structure consisting of a thin dielectric spacer covering a gold film layer on a silicon dioxide/or silicon substrate. Optical simulations reveal the existence of surface localized plasmons in the infrared range confined under the nanoparticles in the dielectric spacer and/or in between such particles. Optomechanical coupling between the plasmonic modes and localized phonons is evaluated from the shift in the plasmon eigenfrequency. It is found that the compressional, the in-phase compressional and the out-of-phase flexural modes, yield the highest coupling rates. Such phonons are excited by means of SAW launched from the system inlet in front of the particles. The findings in this paper could help design new generation of acousto-optic modulators monitored by fast coherent surface acoustics.
Ultrasonic Welding Behaviour of Composited Achieved by Additive Manufacture
Authors: Dobrin Emilia , Mnerie Gabriela-Victoria , Duma Iuliana , Geana Alexandru Adrian , Marin-Corciu Matei
Published: August 2023

Ultrasonic welding is an environmentally friendly, nontoxic welding process preferred by top industrial manufacturers and in accord with the European circular economy regulation. Ultrasonic welding is an environmentally friendly, nontoxic welding process preferred by top industrial manufacturers and in accord with the European circular economy regulation. This scientific article analyses the ultrasonic welding behaviour of composites fabricated by additive manufacture technology using reinforcements, such as: glass fibre, Kevlar, Cu wire, etc. These materials are organized in a „sandwich” structure with different reinforcements and welded by ultrasound. Results were interpreted and compared with base material after performing NDT and destructive tests, namely: visual analysis, microscopic and macroscopic investigations: tensile tests, hardness tests, bending tests.
Healthcare philosophy and policies for an efficient, effective healthcare system to face future challenges amidst demographic, epidemiological, and economic transition: lessons to be learnt from Singapore
Authors: Illangasinghe Dhananja , Wijesinghe Millawage Supun Dilara
Published: August 2023

No abstract available
Assessment of stress among medical students visiting a tertiary care hospital of central Kerala, India
Authors: Philip Anish Jojo , Dev Sahya S. , Livingston Lovely S. , Thomas Rose Mary , Bency A. T. Jubina
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Stress among undergraduate students has become a significant concern in higher education due to its detrimental effects on their health and academic performance. By exploring the association between various sociodemographic variables and stress levels, valuable insights into the factors contributing to stress among undergraduate students can be provided.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of stress and its associated factors among medical students in a tertiary care hospitalMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 133 undergraduate students selected utilising convenience sampling. A pre-designed close-ended questionnaire, specifically tailored for this study, was employed to collect data related to stress experienced by undergraduate students. Appropriate statistical analyses were performed with significance level set at p < 0.05.Results: The study revealed that 19% of the undergraduate students experienced high perceived stress, 67% experienced moderate stress and 13% experienced low stress levels. A significant association was observed between perceived stress and reduced appetite (p=0.014). Additionally, significant associations were found between stress and poor relationships with faculties (p=0.003); the warden (p=0.01); family members (p=0.003); facing time pressure(p=0.006); heavy workload (p=0.029); fear of failure (p=0.002); suffering from frequent exams (p=0.003); and exam patterns and curriculum (p=0.024).Conclusions & Recommendations: Results highlight considerable prevalence of stress among undergraduate students, with the majority demonstrating moderate stress levels. It is imperative to prioritise undergraduate students' mental and physical wellbeing by incorporating counselling services and preventive mental health programs as integral components of routine clinical services, so that educational institutions can foster a supportive learning environment.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and anxiety among junior resident doctors in India during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dev Sahya S. , Abraham Joe , Pillai Rahul S.
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Healthcare workers were the frontline defence against the COVID-19 pandemic, especially the junior resident doctors, and were among those at the highest risk of acquiring the disease. Disease transmission among them was worsened by overcrowding, lower work force, lack of isolation facilities, lack of standard quality personal protection equipment, contaminated environment and inadequate knowledge and practice of infection control practices. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude and anxiety among junior resident doctors in India with respect to COVID-19 Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during August-October 2020 among 451 junior resident doctors in India. A validated 35-item questionnaire was distributed to the participants using social media platforms. The snowball sampling technique was used. Results: A total of 451 junior resident doctors were included as study participants, of whom 52.3% were women. More than 90% of them had a good level of knowledge regarding COVID-19.Almost allof the participants believed that wearing masks (98%) and keeping social distance (100%) would reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission, but that government regulations were insufficient to combat the disease (63%). The level of anxiety among study participants was on the higher side. Conclusions & Recommendations: The level of anxiety among the junior resident doctors was relatively high. Therefore, mental and psychological support is crucial for them, and in turn, essential for effective management of the health crisis.
One Life, One Liver - Toward the elimination of viral hepatitis
Authors: Mataraarachchi Dilini
Published: August 2023

No abstract available
Artificial intelligence (AI) in scientific publishing: Where should we draw the line?
Authors: Wijesinghe Millawage Supun Dilara , Prathapan Shamini , Arambepola Carukshi
Published: August 2023

No abstract available
Qualitative mineralogical analysis of Barracuda exploration well in the offshore Mannar Basin (the Indian Ocean) using FTIR and XRD techniques
Authors: Gunathilake B. M. , Jaywardana D. T. , Ratnayake A. S. , Adikaram A. M. N. M.
Published: August 2023

The Mannar Basin plays a vital role in petroleum exploration in Sri Lanka, and its Barracuda exploration well was drilled up to 4206 m in depth. The objective of the current study is to identify mineralogy using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The FTIR and XRD analyses confirm the presence of quartz, feldspar, clay minerals (e.g., kaolinite, montmorillonite), calcite, and hematite in all marlstone and mudstone samples. These sedimentary rocks can be identified as potential petroleum source rocks in the Mannar Basin. Quartz, carbonate, and hematite cementations are directly reduced porosity and permeability, and thus primary migration of hydrocarbons from potential source rocks. Clay minerals act as a seal for hydrocarbon migrations in the Mannar Basin. A variety of dominant clay mineral assemblages allows the reconstruction of several paleoclimatic chronozones in warm/wet and arid climates. In contrast, feldspar dissolution promotes the primary migration of hydrocarbon from potential petroleum source rocks. Consequently, this study concluded that common minerals such as quartz, carbonate, and hematite are associated with the trapping and binding processes of hydrocarbons.