bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracting photometric determination of antimony with 5–pyridylazo–2–monoethylaminoparacresol (PAAC)
Authors: Rakhmatullaeva Nargiza , Giyasov Anvar , Aliev Sunnat , Obloberdiev Sarvar , Bakhtiyorov Oybek , Kholov Muhiddin , Ergashev Yorkinjon , Turabdjanov Sadritdin
Published: March 2024

The developed extraction-spectrophotometric method for the determination of antimony utilizing 5-(pyridylazo)-2-monoethylaminoparacresol (PAAC) stands out for its selectivity, sensitivity, and rapidity. This method proves to be effective in the determination of antimony in various complex matrices, including model solutions of silicate rocks and ores. The robustness of the method is evident as it successfully analyzes these samples without the need for preliminary separation of accompanying elements. PAAC is chosen as the complexing agent for antimony. Its selectivity and sensitivity contribute to the precision of the method. The method involves an extraction step, likely utilizing a suitable organic solvent, to selectively extract the antimony-PAAC complex from the sample matrix. The concentration of antimony in the extracted complex is determined spectrophotometrically. This involves measuring the absorbance of the complex at a specific wavelength, typically chosen based on the characteristics of the PAAC-antimony complex. The method is validated by analyzing model solutions of silicate rocks and ores. This step assesses the applicability and accuracy of the method in samples that simulate real-world conditions. The method demonstrates a reproducibility of 2-5%, indicating its reliability and precision across multiple analyses. The developed method is recommended for the analysis of chemically complex materials such as industrial wastewater, ores, concentrates, and rocks.
Foreign experience in the development of the food industry and the possibility of its use in Uzbekistan
Authors: Nilufar Dekhkanova , Firyuza Galimova
Published: March 2024

This paper undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the food industry's development across various foreign countries, with a focus on key sectors such as meat and meat products, dairy products, sugar, cheese, and tobacco products. The examination extends to the activities of global corporations and clusters involved in food production, forming the basis for informed proposals to enhance the efficiency and functionality of food clusters. The analysis delves into the nuanced dynamics of each sector, considering factors like production methods, market trends, and global consumption patterns. By scrutinizing the practices and strategies employed by global corporations, the paper seeks to distill valuable insights applicable to the improvement of food clusters. Understanding the success stories and challenges faced by these entities becomes instrumental in formulating actionable recommendations. The proposals put forth in the paper aim to elevate the performance and competitiveness of food clusters. These recommendations likely span areas such as technological innovation, supply chain optimization, sustainability practices, and market positioning. Drawing on the strengths observed in successful global corporations, the paper strives to provide a roadmap for food clusters to adapt and thrive in a dynamic and evolving industry landscape. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on enhancing the food industry's efficiency and sustainability, offering practical suggestions derived from a thorough analysis of both global trends and the activities of leading corporations and clusters. The insights gleaned from this paper have the potential to guide policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers in their efforts to foster innovation and resilience within the food sector.
Localization conditions of apometaterrigenous non-carbon the Sarykul deposit of the Karatyubinsky ore district in Uzbekistan
Authors: Jumagulov Aydos , Juraev Mekhroj , Raxmatov Ulugkhuja , Gaibnazarov Sunnatilla , Khoshjanova Kamila , Niyazova Mavlyuda , Ergashev Yorkinjon
Published: March 2024

This article explores the occurrence of apometaterrigenous non-carbon tungsten mineralization at the Sarykul deposit in the Karatyubinsk Mountains. Initially considered unpromising, this newly discovered tungsten mineralization was found during gold mining operations. The prospecting activities targeting calcification zones in metaterrigenous rocks revealed their tungsten-bearing nature. This discovery has reshaped the understanding of tungsten mineralization genesis, lithological and structural conditions, and the overall minerogenic potential of the Karatyubinsky ore field.Apometaterrigenous tungsten mineralization originates from coarse flysch rocks transformed into shale rocks in the contact zone with a tungsten-specialized granitoid intrusive. The mineralization is associated with multicomponent metasomatites formed on aluminosilicate metaterrigenous rocks. Significant correlations exist between tungsten and elements such as Pb, Ag, Au, Be, Cu, Mo, V, and Mn. Scheelite mineralization forms autonomously, followed by the combination of different stages within mineralized zones. The regional trog structure, characterized by the formation of an olistostromic stratum due to high granulometric dispersion, is also linked to the apometaterrigenous mineralization.
Obtaining an organosorbent based on Apis Mellifera chitosan and bentonite for cleaning textile wastewater from dyes and metals
Authors: Aliyeva Mukaddas , Ikhtiyarova Gulnora , Kholturayeva Noroy , Shomurodov Doston , Geldiyev Odil
Published: March 2024

This article presents the results of studying the sorption of Cu2+ ions in artificial solutions to ionite obtained on the basis of the PPD brand of Navbakhor bentonite at temperatures of 303, 313 and 323 K, the duration of sorption up to the equilibrium state (between 1-24 hours) and at different concentrations. The kinetics of the processes were studied, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to express the adsorption mechanism in the equilibrium state. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the value of isotherm parameters R2 (0,9973) was consistent in all isotherm models. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, 𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥= 212,7 mg/g, and n=0,2456 according to the Freundlich isotherm model. This indicates the sorption of Cu2+ ions to bentonite-based ionite. Based on scientific research, pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic models of sorption of metal ions to ionite were also studied. It was determined that the obtained kinetic parameters of the process obey the pseudo-second-order model and the sorption of Cu2+ ions to the obtained ionite.
Agricultural policy reforms in Uzbekistan to increase the export share
Authors: Khalmirzayeva Sayyora
Published: March 2024

This article underscores the persistent and sustained initiatives undertaken by the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan to augment the export of agricultural products. Positioned as the primary architects of policies, state organizations play an exclusive role in formulating strategies that not only analyze global trends but also consider market dynamics. This comprehensive approach is geared toward adapting and implementing both new and existing policy reforms in the agricultural market and production sector. The emphasis on continuous analysis of market dynamics reflects a commitment to staying abreast of changes in global demand, supply, and trade patterns. This ongoing assessment enables timely adjustments to policies, ensuring they remain responsive to the evolving landscape of the international agricultural market. The article suggests that the Republic of Uzbekistan recognizes the pivotal role of the agricultural sector in its economic growth and is actively working through its state organizations to position itself strategically in the global market. By adopting adaptive policies and reforms, the competitiveness of its agricultural products and foster sustained growth in agricultural exports.
Efficiency of cotton and fiber wetting in cotton ginning plants
Authors: Khusanov Nigina , Shamsiyev Islom , Gapparova Mahfuza
Published: March 2024

This article provides a comprehensive examination of humidification technologies and points within ginneries, with a specific focus on the moisture content of the produced fiber. Several key aspects are covered, ranging from the assessment of existing humidification technologies to the determination of moisture levels in the fiber across different ginneries. Additionally, the article delves into the changes in moisture content observed in various cotton components during technological processes, particularly in fiber bales utilized in production at the spinning factory "OSBORN TEXTILE," along with associated challenges. By examining these facets, the article provides valuable insights into the intricacies of managing moisture content in cotton processing, from ginneries to spinning factories. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of humidification technologies in maintaining optimal conditions for cotton fiber production and subsequent textile manufacturing processes. The identification of challenges and vices allows for targeted improvements and optimizations in the industry's practices.
Lexicographic foundations of agricultural terminology in German and Uzbek languages
Authors: Khidirova Gulzoda , Tilovova Gavhar
Published: March 2024

Each field develops within its own domain, and during this process, new concepts emerge within the field. The development of a field enriches its vocabulary, and these terms are included in dictionaries as field-specific terminology by linguists. The inclusion of field-specific terms in dictionaries, their entry into the sphere of usage, and their presentation in the dictionary are of significant importance. This is particularly relevant for comparative studies of field-specific terms and their translation processes. The classification of field-specific terms based on the extent of the field's importance assists experts in foreign language acquisition and the generation of knowledge and practices through foreign languages. In the process of such development, it is essential to conduct linguistic and lexicographic research on each field's terminologies, test them in practice, conduct statistical analysis in language sections, demonstrate the formation, structure, and usage of field-specific terms through examples, and provide theoretical and practical foundations for their use. The inclusion of field-related lexemes in both oral and written speech, as well as their etymological, morphological, and word formation characteristics, is intended to be in line with the purpose of including terms in dictionaries. The compilation of terminological dictionaries requires the semantic investigation of field-specific terms, particularly in the agricultural field, which is one of the fields that form the basis of social life, analyzed in terms of branches, for the organization of terminological dictionaries.
Simulation of the process of cotton drying under the influence of a heat agent in a spiked - screw cleaner
Authors: Ruzmetov Rakhmatjon , Mardonov Botir , Tuychiev Timur
Published: March 2024

The spiked-screw cleaner was divided into several sections, and taking into account the same amount of cotton in all sections at the same time, the drying process of cotton in each section was studied from a theoretical point of view. A drying agent was supplied from the upper side of each section, and the process of heat exchange with the cotton rotating and advancing in the spiked-screw was studied. In this case, equations were obtained that indicate that the level of small impurities released from cotton depends on the temperature of the cotton when hitting the heated cotton with piles in each section of the cleaner, moving it on the mesh surface and throwing the cotton up. It was found that the change of the temperature of the cotton fiber depending on the number of sections n and the air temperature in the open part of the surface T1 (K) depending on the screw angle θ is close to the law of change of the cotton fiber on a straight line. It was found that the process of moisture exchange in its components depends on the effect of hot air and the drying mode when extracting moisture from cotton moving in a pile-screw cleaner.
A finite failure software reliability model using extended log-logistic distribution
Authors: Aseri Haneen Ahmad , Al-Turk Lutfiah Ismail , Shahbaz Saman Hanif
Published: March 2024

Software reliability engineering has been developed to examine software systems over the years. Non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) models are widely employed for analyzing software reliability data, as they have the ability to describe the expected number of failures over time using the mean value function. In addition, these models have an intensity function representing the failure rate over time. This article proposes a new non-homogeneous Poisson process model based on extended log-logistic (NHPP ELL) distribution with three parameters. The model properties were derived and represented graphically. Furthermore, the maximum likelihood estimation method was utilized to estimate the model parameters, which were computed numerically using the Newton–Raphson method. Three real software reliability datasets were utilized to evaluate the performance of the new NHPP ELL model based on three distinct criteria: the mean square error, the coefficient of determination (R2), the Theil statistic, the predictive-ratio risk, and the predictive power. Moreover, a comparative study was conducted between the proposed model and several well-known NHPP models regarding goodness-of-fit and predictive performance. All the evaluation measures indicate that the proposed model outperforms the other models across all the considered datasets. In addition, the graphical plots depicting the actual data and the prediction results for all the fitted models show that the proposed model performs well in all three considered software reliability datasets compared to other models.
Spatial quadric calibration method for multi-line laser based on diffractive optical element
Authors: Huang Huiming , Liu Guihua , Xiao Canjun , Deng Lei , Gong Yunxin , Song Tao , Qin Fuping
Published: March 2024

The traditional multi-line laser calibration method relies primarily on calibrating the spatial plane equations of multiple laser lines and reconstructing the multi-line laser in three dimensions through the plane equation and camera parameters. In traditional methods, the multi-line laser is projected as a straight line by default, but in reality, the laser line projected by the multi-line laser is not a plane due to the Diffractive Optical Element (DOE). Instead, it is a surface with a certain curvature in space. During the production process, the multi-line laser experiences significant distortion because of the DOE projecting at a large angle. Consequently, if traditional methods are used, accurate calibration of the multi-line laser cannot be achieved. To address this issue, this paper introduces a new calibration algorithm for multi-line laser based on a spatial quadric equation. By calibrating the spatial quadric equation of the multi-line laser, the spatial characteristics of the laser can be accurately captured. The algorithm involves projecting a crossed 7-line laser onto a calibration plate and changing the position of the calibration plate while capturing images. This allows for obtaining the spatial three-dimensional coordinates of each laser line in the camera coordinate system. Next, spatial quadric equations are fitted for each laser line based on the three-dimensional coordinates. Finally, 3D reconstruction is performed using the quadratic surface parameters of the multi-line laser and camera parameters. The results from 3D reconstruction demonstrate that, compared to traditional laser calibration methods based on planes, the proposed algorithm achieves higher calibration accuracy. It also improves the number of successful binocular multi-line laser matches and overall accuracy.
Probability distribution of write failure in a memory cell array consisting of magnetic tunnel junction elements with distributed write error rates
Authors: Arai Hiroko , Hirofuchi Takahiro , Imamura Hiroshi
Published: March 2024

Write failure (WF) is a major reliability issue for applications of magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), and much effort has been devoted to reducing the write error rate (WER), which is the probability of write failures of a memory cell. Recently, it was shown that the WER of MRAM obeys a skewed probability distribution even though the variation in material parameters obeys a normal distribution. However, little is known about the effect of WER distribution on WF in a memory cell array. Here, we study WF in a memory cell array consisting of magnetic tunnel junction elements with distributed WERs based on numerical simulations. We simulated Bernoulli trials of writing, assuming that the WER obeys a beta distribution. The results show that for typical writing patterns, WF in a memory cell array obeys a binomial distribution, with the mean of the WER as the probability of success. The statistical properties of WF in a memory cell array are not affected by the variance and skewness of the WER. The results provide a basic understanding of the statistical properties of WF in a memory cell array and will be useful for the development of computing systems that exploit erroneous memories.
Geographic distribution of a missense mutation in the KRT38 gene in Chinese indigenous cattle breeds
Authors: Chen Jialei , Liu Xin , Liu Jianyong , Zhang Jicai , Huang Bizhi , Lei Chuzhao
Published: March 2024

Context China has a vast area across many temperature zones and a variety of cattle breeds. These cattle resources are ideal models to research their adaptability to the environment. The KRT38 gene is an acidic protein, and its coding product can be used as a component of hair production. Aims The objective of this study was to investigate the diversity of the KRT38 gene in Chinese local cattle and the association of different genotypes with mean temperature, relative humidity and temperature humidity index. Methods A missense mutation g.41650738 A > G in the KRT38 gene was screened from the database of bovine genomic variation (BGVD) and was genotyped in a total of 246 samples from 15 local cattle breeds in China by polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing. Finally, the correlation between the locus and the three climatic factors was analysed. Key results We successfully obtained the frequency of this single-nucelotide polymorphism in three groups of cattle in northern, central and southern China. The frequency of allele A gradually declined from north to south, whereas the frequency of allele G showed the opposite trend with a clear geographic distribution. Conclusions Our results indicate that KRT38 variation in Chinese indigenous cattle might be linked to heat tolerance. Implications Our analysis may assist in determining the importance of the variation as a genetic signal for heat tolerance in cattle reproduction and genetics.
Cognition and behaviour of reception in museum spaces
Authors: Xu Renwen , Zhang Boya , Zheng Binghan
Published: March 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in translation studies within museum settings, enabling museums
to enhance visitor engagement and create a more meaningful visiting experience. Within cognitive translation studies, the use of
eye tracking technology has emerged as a widely adopted method for investigating translators’ allocation of visual attention and
cognitive resources. However, the application of eye tracking in museum translation studies has received limited attention. This
study provides a critical review of the utilisation of eye tracking to examine visitors’ perception and reception in museum
settings from both behavioural and cognitive perspectives. The article begins by selecting and categorising the reviewed papers.
It then describes the methods employed for collecting and analysing eye movement data, followed by summaries and critical comments
on the findings from the existing literature. This article further evaluates the reliability, validity, and practicality of
existing eye tracking research in museum translation, and finally proposes the potential directions for future cognitive
translation studies in museums.
The instafamous translator
Authors: Fini Silvia
Published: March 2024

This article investigates how translator and content creator Francesca Crescentini (@tegamini) uses social media
to make herself and her translatorship visible in a digital context. Boasting an Instagram following of over 210,000 users,
Crescentini is understood here as a unique example of an ‘instafamous’ translator and macro-influencer, which gives her and her
translatorship an unprecedented level of public exposure – particularly in the Italian context in which she works, where
translator visibility is typically low. The analysis of Crescentini’s case presents new insights into how literary translators can
leverage their online and social media presence to enhance both their own visibility and that of literary translation more
broadly.
Overtourism and Tourism Sustainable Management in the Komodo National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Miftah Wirakusuma Reiza , Gardiner Sarah , Coghlan Alexandra
Published: March 2024

Tourism is a central driver of economic growth and prosperity in Indonesia with Bali as arguably its best known and most successful destination. To replicate the success of Bali, disperse visitors and deliver economic outcomes to other regions in Indonesia, the Indonesian Government has identified five super-priority destinations to be the future ‘New Balis’. Labuan Bajo is identified as one such destination. It is the gateway to the Komodo National Park which is famous for its Komodo Dragons. It is also popular among scuba divers due to its high marine biodiversity, including over 1000 fish species and 260 coral species. Labuan Bajo also hosted the G20 side event and ASEAN Summit in 2023, attracting further global attention to the region. In many ways, Labuan Bajo is seen as another tourism success story.

Information

© The Authors 2024
The anatomic basis of leptomeningeal metastasis
Authors: Freret Morgan E. , Boire Adrienne
Published: March 2024

Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM), or spread of cancer to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)–filled space surrounding the central nervous system, is a fatal complication of cancer. Entry into this space poses an anatomical challenge for cancer cells; movement of cells between the blood and CSF is tightly regulated by the blood–CSF barriers. Anatomical understanding of the leptomeninges provides a roadmap of corridors for cancer entry. This Review describes the anatomy of the leptomeninges and routes of cancer spread to the CSF. Granular understanding of LM by route of entry may inform strategies for novel diagnostic and preventive strategies as well as therapies.
Measurement of the water-to-liquid ratio of oil–water two-phase flow for low flow rates and high water content
Authors: Huang En , Chen Bing , Song Luchao , Li Yi , Peng Lihui
Published: March 2024

Oil–water two-phase flow is widely present in the petroleum industry, and the vast majority of oilfields have entered the period of exploitation under high water content. Accurate measurement of water-to-liquid ratio (WLR) is crucial to oil production. Currently, there are fewer works related to the WLR measurement at high water content and low flow rates. In order to get a complete picture of WLR measurement in this context by electrical resistance tomography (ERT) sensors, dynamic experiments with a total flow rate not exceeding

4

m

3

h

−
1

were conducted. These dynamic experiments considered the influence of the direction of the test pipelines, the inner diameter of the ERT sensor and the conductivity of the water. According to the relative positions of the measurement and excitation electrode pairs of the ERT sensor, different strategies for WLR calculation were established. This paper presents all results of the experiments of the WLR measurement. Especially, image reconstruction at different flow rates was conducted, as a way to qualitatively reflect the mixing of oil and water, thus helping to understand the WLR measurements. The whole work reveals the regularities of the WLR measurement by ERT, and provides a reference for subsequent work to realize the WLR accurate measurement in oil-water two-phase flow at high water content and low flow rates.
A method of applying deep learning based optical flow algorithm to river flow discharge measurement
Authors: Wang Jianping , Liu Xiaopeng , Ouyang Xin , Zhang Guo , Zhang Ya
Published: March 2024

River flow discharge monitoring is one of the critical tasks performed at hydrological stations. The large-scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) method widely used in hydrological stations is often limited by a lack of floating objects and has a high computational complexity. The space-time image velocimetry method is susceptible to noise interference and requires high stability of the flow over time. This paper proposes a flow measurement method based on the recurrent all-pairs field transforms for optical flow (RAFT) algorithm. The 4D correlation volume pyramid in the RAFT network structure can effectively handle changing and complex flow conditions. The convolutional block attention module is introduced into the optical flow update module after the 4D correlation volume pyramid, enhancing the ability to capture complex flow surface information. Additionally, feature extraction adds deformable convolution to expand the receptive field of the flow image, which has better adaptability in non-rigid motion. To validate the effectiveness of the new method (RAFT-D-C), this paper conducts comparative experiments with both existing and new methods. The experimental results show that RAFT-D-C has relative errors of 2.13% and 4.41% for the average flow velocity of two rivers and relative errors of 2.19% and 3.05% for the total discharge, respectively. RAFT-D-C provides improved accuracy compared to other methods and requires less computational run time than the frequently used LSPIV method.
Improving the environmental temperature adaptability of an electric temperature measurement subsystem by matching temperature coefficients of substitutable resistors
Authors: Gu Lingyun , Chen Houyuan , Ling Chen , Sun Zening , Li Zhu , Ding Yanwei
Published: March 2024

The electrical temperature measurement subsystem in space gravitational wave detectors requires micro-Kelvin precision in the submillihertz band. However, the low-frequency stability of the measurement circuit, excluding the sensor, is susceptible to environmental temperature fluctuations, closely related to the residual temperature coefficient of the circuit. This paper proposes a method to minimize the residual temperature coefficient for a thermistor-based temperature measurement , enabling the circuit to be mounted on surfaces with less stringent thermal stability requirements. Through extensive testing of resistors with the same nominal resistance, a best-matched pair is selected to compensate for the residual temperature coefficient by replacing two gain resistors in the low-pass filter. Our assessment demonstrates that this matching and replacement process reduces the residual temperature coefficient of the circuit from −0.135 mV K−1 to −0.027 mV K−1, resulting in a significant five-fold improvement in the subsystem’s adaptability to environmental temperatures within the specified frequency band. This method contributes to the development of measurement subsystems that meet stringent stability requirements.
A Lamb-wave based SHM for multi-damage localizations in large composite plates by using piezoelectric transducer array
Authors: Chen Chung-De , Shen Yu-Jie , Chou Ping-Yi , Wang Po-Hao
Published: March 2024

In this paper, a Lamb-wave based structural health monitoring for multi-damage localizations in large composite plates is presented. The Lamb waves are generated and received by piezoelectric transducers, which are arranged in array on the composite plate. In the experiments, three composite plates with various laminate stacking sequences and taper designs were prepared. The damages were created on the specimens by impact testing. In each specimen, 24 piezoelectric transducers were utilized and mounted on the specimen surface. This study proposed an algorithm to identify the damage localizations. The transducer layout is classified by 10 subsets. In each subset, the wave propagation paths can be grouped into path groups pivoted by actuators and that by sensors. Based on the damage index, the mean angle line for each path group in a subset can be obtained. By assuming that the mean angle line passes through the actual damage, the damage localization can be achieved if there exist more than two mean angle lines in one subset. In this study, two exclusion rules are proposed to exclude a path group from the damage localization calculations. The damage localization results show that, for a composite plate with multiple damages, their locations can be identified by using multiple subsets. The damage localization results show that the damage location can be accurately predicted for the case that a damage exists in the interior of a subset. The experiment results also show that the Lamb wave characteristics and the localization results are not affected by the thickness variation of the plate, indicating that the proposed algorithm is available for tapered composite plate.
A metasurface structure-assisted terahertz negative curvature fiber
Authors: Xu Lei-Lei , Yan De-Xian , Li Xiang-Jun , Zhang Le , Li Ji-Ning
Published: March 2024

Negative curvature fibers have the benefits of high bandwidth, low loss, and provide higher transmission performances. Birefringence of the fiber is particularly important, with potential application value in communication, imaging and other fields. In this paper, a metasurface structure-assisted terahertz negative curvature fiber is designed to improve the birefringence characteristic. This work breaks through the conditional design ideas, and theoretically analyzes the effect of adding gold microstructures in the cladding structures on the transmission characteristics of negative curvature fibers. The investigation results show that the birefringence of the designed fiber exhibits a significant increase in most frequency range between 1.75–2.4 THz compared to the results before adding gold microstructures. The maximum birefringence reaches as high as 0.00216 when the frequency is 2.175 THz and θ is 90°. Compared to the original frequency, the birefringence has increased by nearly an order of magnitude. The highest birefringence has been increased to 3.5 times. In addition, the influences of the gold microstructures on the confinement loss, waveguide dispersion, and effective mode field area are also investigated. This fiber provides a reference for the design of high birefringence terahertz fibers in the future.
Influence of electric field on moisture-absorbing characteristics at the FRP/RPUF interface: experimental study and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Xie Jun , Liu Ziqian , Zhang Yupeng , Tian Haonan , Chen Ke , Xie Qing , Lü Fangcheng , Cheng Li
Published: March 2024

The interface between fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) and rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is a crucial component of composite cross-arm, not only operating within high electric field environments but also vulnerable to water-induced deterioration. In this paper, the moisture-absorbing characteristics and aging mechanism at the FRP/RPUF interface under the influence of an electric field were investigated through accelerated aging experiments, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, reactive force filed (ReaxFF) simulations and Density Functional Theory (DFT) analysis. The results indicated that the moisture-absorbing characteristics of the FRP/RPUF system could be divided into two stages: Stage I, dominated by free diffusion, and Stage II, dominated by physical absorption. In Stage I, the electric field inhibited the diffusion behavior of water molecules by affecting the mean square displacement (MSD) of water molecules and the free volume of the FRP/RPUF system. During Stage II, the intrusion of water deepened the aging degree of the system, resulting in the emergence of a large number of free volumes and noticeable channels for water transport at the interface. The electric field enhanced the chemical reaction activity of epoxy resin and polyurethane by influencing their frontier molecular orbital energy, thereby promoting the occurrence of hydrolysis reactions. This intensified the physical moisture absorption process, ultimately promoting the Stage II process.
An in-depth look at the structural, electronic, optical, and thermal properties of the cubic Be
x
Mg
y
Zn1−x−y
O quaternary alloys
Authors: Seksak Y , Moussa R , Boudjelal M , Khenata R , Abdiche A , Ahmed W K , Khandy Shakeel Ahmad , Bouhemadou A , Bin-Omran S
Published: March 2024

In the present research work, the structural, electrical, optical, and thermodynamic properties of the BexMgyZn1−x-yO quaternary alloy were investigated. Its conventional structure, which is composed of the binary compounds ZnO, BeO, and MgO, and their ordered ternary alloys BexZn1−xO, BexMg1−xO, and MgxZn1−xO are examined. A non-linear variation of lattice constants (a) and bulk modulus (B) as a function of the compositions (x, y) in BexMgyZn1−x-yO alloys is observed due to varying atomic radii of the constituent elements leading to the structural distortion against compositional changes. Both the ternary and quaternary alloys exhibit semiconducting properties, characterized by a direct bandgap ranging from 2–4 eV. This indicates their absorption and emission of light in the visible region of the spectrum, making them promising candidates for optoelectronic applications. The results of optical characteristics display the variation of refractive index and absorption coefficient of these alloys with respect to composition and wavelength. Present results will forecast the possible applications and guidelines for synthesizing such alloys under extreme conditions.
Spherically symmetric wormhole solutions admitting Karmarkar condition
Authors: Gul M Zeeshan , Sharif M
Published: March 2024

This paper investigated the viable traversable wormhole solutions through Karmarkar condition in the context of

f
(
G
,
T
)

theory. A static spherical spacetime with anisotropic matter configuration is used to study the wormhole geometry. Karmarkar condition is used to develop a viable shape function for a static wormhole structure. A wormhole geometry is constructed using the resulting shape function that satisfies all the required conditions and connects the asymptotically flat regions of the spacetime. To assess the viability of traversable wormhole geometries, the energy conditions are analyzed by various models of this theory. Further, their stable state is investigated through sound speed and adiabatic index. This investigation demonstrates the presence of viable traversable wormhole solutions in the modified theory.
A low-power artificial spiking neuron based on ionic memristor for modulated frequency coding
Authors: Liu Yulin , Wang Wei , He Shang , Liu Huiyuan , Chen Qilai , Li Gang , Duan Jipeng , Liu Yanchao , He Lei , Xiao Yongguang , Yan Shaoan , Zhu Xiaojian , Li Run-Wei , Tang Minghua
Published: March 2024

Neurons encode information through firing spikes with rich spatiotemporal dynamics. Using artificial neuron hardware based on memristors to emulate neuronal firing is of great significance for advancing the development of brain-like computing and artificial intelligence. However, it is still challenging to achieve low power frequency coding in memristive artificial neurons. Here, a low-power ionic memristor based on Pt/HfO2/Ag is reported for artificial spiking neurons. The device is driven by a low bias current and the filament dynamically ruptures and forms, producing oscillated voltage spikes that resemble neuronal spikes. The oscillation frequency increases from 0.5 Hz to ∼2.18 Hz with the stimulation current increasing from 1 nA to 5 nA, enabling the emulation of neuronal frequency-coding function. The low power consumption of ∼70 pJ per pulse indicates that the device is promising for energy-efficient neuromorphic computing applications. In addition, the device is found to be capable of simulating the phasic,adaptive, and burst firing modes of neurons.
decay process within the QCDSR approach*
Authors: Chen 陈 Yu 宇 , Fu 付 Hai-Bing 海冰 , Zhong 钟 Tao 涛 , Wu 吴 Sheng-Bo 胜波 , Huang 黄 Dong 冬
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we investigate the charmed meson rare decay process

using an approach based on QCD sum rules. First, the pion twist-2, 3 distribution amplitude (DA) moments

and

are calculated up to the tenth and fourth orders, respectively, in the QCD sum rules according to the background field theory. After constructing the light-cone harmonic oscillator model for the pion twist-2, 3 DAs, we obtain their behaviors by matching the calculated ξ-moments. Then, the

transition form factors (TFFs) are calculated using an approach based on QCD light-cone sum rules. The vector form factor at the large recoil region is

. Using the rapidly converging simplified series expansion of

, we present the TFFs and corresponding angular coefficients in the whole squared momentum transfer physical region. Based on non-standard neutrino interactions, the

decay can be related to the

decay indirectly. Thus, we first describe the semileptonic decay process

, differential decay widths, and branching fraction with

. The

differential/total predictions for forward-backward asymmetry,

-differential flat terms, and lepton polarization asymmetry are also reported. The prediction for the

branching fraction is

.
Effective rationality for local unitary invariants of mixed states of two qubits
Authors: Candelori Luca , Chernyak Vladimir Y , Klein John R , Rekuski Nick
Published: March 2024

We calculate the field of rational local unitary invariants for mixed states of two qubits, by employing methods from algebraic geometry. We prove that this field is rational (i.e. purely transcendental), and that it is generated by nine algebraically independent polynomial invariants. We do so by constructing a relative section, in the sense of invariant theory, whose Weyl group is a finite abelian group. From this construction, we are able to give explicit expressions for the generating invariants in terms of the Bloch matrix representation of mixed states of two qubits. We also prove similar rationality results for the local unitary invariants of symmetrically mixed states of two qubits. We also provide a sketch of how to generalize our results to the case of an arbitrary number of qubits. Our results apply to both complex-valued and real-valued invariants.
A proposal to characterize and quantify superoscillations
Authors: Li Yu , Polo-Gómez José , Martín-Martínez Eduardo
Published: March 2024

We present a formal definition of superoscillating function. We discuss the limitations of previously proposed definitions and illustrate that they do not cover the full gamut of superoscillatory behaviors. We demonstrate the suitability of the new proposal with several examples of well-known superoscillating functions that were not encompassed by previous definitions.
Numerical analysis of a mixed-dimensional poromechanical model with frictionless contact at matrix–fracture interfaces
Authors: Bonaldi Francesco , Droniou Jérôme , Masson Roland
Published: March 2024

We present a complete numerical analysis for a general discretization of a coupled flow–mechanics model in fractured porous media, considering single-phase flows and including frictionless contact at matrix–fracture interfaces, as well as nonlinear poromechanical coupling. Fractures are described as planar surfaces, yielding the so-called mixed- or hybrid-dimensional models. Small displacements and a linear elastic behavior are considered for the matrix. The model accounts for discontinuous fluid pressures at matrix–fracture interfaces in order to cover a wide range of normal fracture conductivities.

The numerical analysis is carried out in the Gradient Discretization framework (see J. Droniou, R. Eymard, T. Gallouët, C. Guichard, and R. Herbin [The gradient discretisation method, Springer, Cham, 2018]), encompassing a large family of conforming and nonconforming discretizations. The convergence result also yields, as a by-product, the existence of a weak solution to the continuous model. A numerical experiment in 2D is presented to support the obtained result, employing a Hybrid Finite Volume scheme for the flow and second-order finite elements (

P

2

\mathbb {P}_2

) for the mechanical displacement coupled with face-wise constant (

P

0

\mathbb P_0

) Lagrange multipliers on fractures, representing normal stresses, to discretize the contact conditions.
The Natural History of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales: Progression From Carriage of Various Carbapenemases to Bloodstream Infection
Authors: Temkin Elizabeth , Solter Ester , Lugassy Carmela , Chen Dafna , Cohen Adi , Schwaber Mitchell J , Carmeli Yehuda ,   CPE Working Group, Brosh-Nissimov Tal , Katz Maya , Sorek Nadav , Sabateen Ali , Rubinovitch Bina , Shaaban Rana Shbita , Shor Zhanna , Hershman-Sarafov Mirit , Boumard Tamar , Najjar-Debbiny Ronza , Weber Gabriel , Bendahan Tal , Favor Ayelet , Gross Ilana , Hen Jana , Michael-Gayego Ayelet , Oster Yonatan , Ottolenghi Miriam , Reichman Nechamat , Ronen Naama , Shilo Nehama , Temper Violeta , Chazan Bibiana , Abraham Iris Grinberg , Cohen Regev , Bardenstein Rita , Ciobotaro Pnina , Oved Maly , Klorfeld Hadar , Shitrit Pnina , Yassin Alia , Nutman Amir , Schechner Vered , Aboalhega Worood , Hussein Khetam , Pollak Dina , Warman Sigal , Mor Meirav , Rozenfeld Sigalit , Assous Marc , Benenson Shmuel , Bier Liora , Kopuit Puah , Jaraisy Ameen , Nimri Nili , Hanna Jalal Abu , Stepansky Sarit , Ben-David Debby , Cohen Yael , Schwartz Orna
Published: March 2024

Background

Little is known about the risk of progression from carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) carriage to CPE bloodstream infection (BSI) outside of high-risk settings. We aimed to determine the incidence of CPE BSI among CPE carriers and to assess whether the incidence differs by carbapenemase, species, and setting.

Methods

We conducted a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study using national databases. The cohort consisted of all patients in Israel with CPE detected by screening from 1 January 2020 to 10 October 2022. We calculated the cumulative incidence of CPE BSI within 1 year among CPE carriers. We used a competing-risks model with BSI as the outcome and death as the competing risk.

Results

The study included 6828 CPE carriers. The cumulative incidence of CPE BSI was 2.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1–2.8). Compared with Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), the subhazard of BSI was lower for New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) (adjusted subhazard ratio [aSHR], 0.72; 95% CI, .49–1.05) and oxacillinase-48-like (OXA-48-like) (aSHR, 0.60; 95% CI, .32–1.12) but these differences did not reach statistical significance. Compared with K. pneumoniae, the subhazard of BSI was lower for carriers of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli (aSHR, 0.33; 95% CI, .21–.52). The subhazard of BSI was higher among patients with CPE carriage first detected in intensive care units (aSHR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.27–3.49) or oncology/hematology wards (aSHR, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.51–6.22) compared with medical wards.

Conclusions

The risk of CPE BSI among CPE carriers is lower than previously reported in studies that focused on high-risk patients and settings. The risk of BSI differs significantly by bacterial species and setting, but not by carbapenemase.
Switching from immediate- to extended-release cysteamine in patients with nephropathic cystinosis: from clinical trials to clinical practice
Authors: Ariceta Gema , Santos Fernando , López Muñiz Andrés , Hermida Alvaro , Matoses Maria Luisa , Ventura Ana , Martin-Moreno Paloma Leticia , González Esther , Acuña Laura , Giner Elisa , Vara Julia
Published: March 2024

Background

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of switching from immediate-release (IR) to extended-release (ER) cysteamine in patients with nephropathic cystinosis (NC) in Spain.

Methods

We conducted an observational, retrospective, multicentre study in NC patients who received IR cysteamine for at least 12 months, switched to ER cysteamine, and received it for at least 6 months before inclusion.

Results

Data were collected from nine patients (four children, five adults) 36 months before and after the switch. Despite the highly selected population, an improvement in growth, particularly in children and a significant reduction in hospitalization days was observed. A decrease in halitosis, body odour and gastrointestinal effects was reported in most of the patients who suffered before the switch, and the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) decreased in some patients. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) remained stable in patients with preserved kidney function. No significant changes in white blood cell (WBC) cystine levels were observed after the switch. There was no significant difference in the cysteamine dose received. However, some patients were receiving <50% of the recommended dose of cysteamine before and after the switch and showed elevated levels of WBC cystine.

Conclusions

Switching from IR to ER cysteamine in clinical practice reduces hospital stays, improves nutritional status and growth in paediatric patients and could help to enhance treatment tolerability by reducing side effects. Furthermore, the dosing of ER cysteamine could promote therapeutic compliance and positively affect the quality of life of the NC population.
Color Patterns And Enhanced Texture Learning For Detecting Computer-Generated Images
Authors: Xu Qiang , Xu Dongmei , Wang Hao , Yuan Jianye , Wang Zhe
Published: March 2024

Detection of computer-generated (CG) images can reveal the authenticity and originality of digital images. However, recent cutting-edge image generation methods make it very difficult to distinguish CG images from natural photographs. In this paper, a novel method based on color patterns and enhanced texture learning is proposed to tackle this problem. We designed and implemented the backbone network with a separation-fusion learning strategy by constructing a multi-branch neural network. The luminance and chrominance patterns in dual-color spaces (RGB and YCbCr) are leveraged to achieve a robust representation of image differences. A channel-spatial attention module and a global texture enhancement module are also integrated into a backbone network to enhance the learning of inherent traces. Experiments on several commonly used benchmark datasets and a newly constructed dataset with more realistic and diverse images demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art competitors by a large margin.