bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inversion evolutionary rates might limit the experimental identification of inversion breakpoints in non-model species
Authors: Puerma Eva , Orengo Dorcas J. , Aguadé Montserrat
Published: December 2017

Chromosomal inversions are structural changes that alter gene order but generally not gene content in the affected region. In Drosophila, extensive cytological studies revealed the widespread character of inversion polymorphism, with evidence for its adaptive character. InDrosophila subobscura, polymorphism affects both its four large autosomal elements and its X (A) chromosome. The characterization of eight of these autosomal inversions breakpoints revealed that most of them originated through the staggered-breaks mechanism. Here, we have performed chromosomal walks to identify the breakpoints of two X-chromosome widely distributed inversions —A2and A1— ofD.subobscura. Inversion A2is considered a warm-adapted arrangement that exhibits parallel latitudinal clines in the species ancestral distribution area and in both American subcontinents, whereas inversion A1is only present in the Palearctic region where it presents an east-west cline. The duplication detected at the A2inversion breakpoints is consistent with its origin by the staggered-breaks mechanism. Inversion A1breakpoints could not be molecularly identified even though they could be narrowly delimited. This result points to chromosome walking limitations when using as a guide the genome of other species. Limitations stem from the rate of evolution by paracentric inversions, which in Drosophila is highest for the X chromosome.
A comparison of methods to measure central and peripheral oxytocin concentrations in human and non-human primates
Authors: Lefevre Arthur , Mottolese Raphaëlle , Dirheimer Manon , Mottolese Carmine , Duhamel Jean-René , Sirigu Angela
Published: December 2017

Oxytocin (OT) concentration in the blood is considered to be a marker of its action in the brain. However, two problems have emerged when measuring OT level in the blood. First, it is unclear whether different methods of assessment lead to similar OT values. Second, it is unclear if plasma OT concentrations is informative on what OT does in the brain. To clarify these issues, we collected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the brain ventricle of 25 patients during surgery to compare with plasma OT after simultaneous blood withdrawal. Additionally, we collected 12 CSF and blood samples from non-human primates while awake or under anaesthesia. We used four methods to assay OT concentrations: Commercial EIA with/without extraction, laboratory developed EIA with filtration and RIA with extraction. Three of these methods showed a positive correlation between plasma and CSF OT, suggesting a link between plasma and central OT, at least under specific testing conditions. However, none of the methods correlated to each other. Our results show major disagreements among methods used here to measure peripheral and brain OT and therefore they call for more caution when plasma OT is taken as a marker of central OT.
A non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on the CuS nanoflakes–reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite
Authors: Yan Xiaoyi , Gu Yue , Li Cong , Zheng Bo , Li Yaru , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Zhiquan , Yang Ming
Published: December 2017

A CuS nanoflakes–reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite was synthesized successfully for non-enzymatic glucose sensing.
Cu supported on thin carbon layer-coated porous SiO2for efficient ethanol dehydrogenation
Authors: Wang Qing-Nan , Shi Lei , Li Wei , Li Wen-Cui , Si Rui , Schüth Ferdi , Lu An-Hui
Published: December 2017

The designed Cu/C/SiO2catalyst combines the favourable properties of carbon and silica, thus showing improved selectivity associated with good stability.
Association between sn-2 fatty acid profiles of breast milk and development of the infant intestinal microbiome
Authors: Jiang Tiemin , Liu Bin , Li Jufang , Dong Xueyan , Lin Man , Zhang Minghui , Zhao Junying , Dai Yaohua , Chen Lijun
Published: December 2017

Increasing evidence shows that host diet and gut microbes are related.
Dietary supplementation of defatted kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinusL.) seed meal and its phenolics–saponins rich extract effectively attenuates diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats
Authors: Chan Kim Wei , Ismail Maznah , Mohd Esa Norhaizan , Imam Mustapha Umar , Ooi Der Jiun , Khong Nicholas M. H.
Published: December 2017

Anti-hypercholesterolemic properties of DKSM, and its derived PSRE,in vivo.
Dietary compound proanthocyanidins from Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubraSieb. et Zucc.) leaves attenuate chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer stem cell traitsviatargeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and inducing G1 cell cycle arrest
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chen Shiguo , Wei Chaoyang , Rankin Gary O. , Ye Xingqian , Chen Yi Charlie
Published: December 2017

Chinese bayberry leaves are found to aid treatment of chemotherapy-resistant cancer cells.
The important role of salivary α-amylase in the gastric digestion of wheat bread starch
Authors: Freitas Daniela , Le Feunteun Steven , Panouillé Maud , Souchon Isabelle
Published: December 2017

Salivary α-amylase (HSA) from the bolus significantly contributed to the digestion of starch during the dynamic gastric digestion of wheat bread.
Surface plasmon-enhanced amplified spontaneous emission from organic single crystals by integrating graphene/copper nanoparticle hybrid nanostructures
Authors: Li Yun-Fei , Feng Jing , Dong Feng-Xi , Ding Ran , Zhang Zhen-Yu , Zhang Xu-Lin , Chen Yang , Bi Yan-Gang , Sun Hong-Bo
Published: December 2017

Graphene/Cu NPs hybrid nanostructures have been integrated with the BP3T single crystals. LSPR-enhanced ASE from the organic single crystals supported by the hybrid nanostructures has been demonstrated.
The crucial role of a spacer material on the efficiency of charge transfer processes in organic donor–acceptor junction solar cells
Authors: Nieman Reed , Tsai Hsinhan , Nie Wanyi , Aquino Adelia J. A. , Mohite Aditya D. , Tretiak Sergei , Li Hao , Lischka Hans
Published: December 2017

Organic photovoltaic donor–acceptor junction devices show greatly increased performance when a spacer material is inserted.
Collective behavior of bulk nanobubbles produced by alternating polarity electrolysis
Authors: Postnikov Alexander V. , Uvarov Ilia V. , Penkov Nikita V. , Svetovoy Vitaly B.
Published: December 2017

Alternating polarity electrolysis produces high concentration of H2 and O2 nanobubbles that can be visualized by schlieren imaging.
An enhanced low-frequency vibration ZnO nanorod-based tuning fork piezoelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Deng Weili , Jin Long , Chen Yueqi , Chu Wenjun , Zhang Binbin , Sun Huan , Xiong Da , Lv Zekai , Zhu Minhao , Yang Weiqing
Published: December 2017

An enhanced piezoelectric nanogenerator from low-frequency vibration utilizing a ZnO nanorod-based tuning fork.
Photon upconversion in organic nanoparticles and subsequent amplification by plasmonic silver nanowires
Authors: Qu Zuoming , Duan Pengfei , Zhou Jin , Wang Yafei , Liu Minghua
Published: December 2017

Silver nanowires amplified photon upconversion.
Shell-binary nanoparticle materials with variable electrical and electro-mechanical properties
Authors: Zhang P. , Bousack H. , Dai Y. , Offenhäusser A. , Mayer D.
Published: December 2017

Shell-binary nanoparticle materials with variable electrical and electro-mechanical properties are fabricated by self-assembly with either homogenous or heterogeneous NP arrangements.
Encapsulation property of hyperbranched polyglycerols as prospective drug delivery systems
Authors: Wu Haigang , Yin Ting , Li Ke , Wang Ruibin , Chen Yantian , Jing Lili
Published: December 2017

Hyperbranched polyglycerols (hbPGs) were investigated as nanocarriers to encapsulate and deliver guest molecules.
A mannose-conjugated multi-layered polymeric nanocarrier system for controlled and targeted release on alveolar macrophages
Authors: Praphakar Rajendran Amarnath , Shakila Harshavardhan , Azger Dusthackeer Vijayan N. , Munusamy Murugan A. , Kumar Suresh , Rajan Mariappan
Published: December 2017

To improve the performance of drug delivery systems in macrophages, targeted ligand-conjugated polymeric carriers have been realized to be vital for targeted, sustainable and controlled drug release with remarkable biocompatibility and bioavailability.
A Co-MOF nanosheet array as a high-performance electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolytes
Authors: Zhang Xiaoping , Sun Weidi , Du Huitong , Kong Rong-Mei , Qu Fengli
Published: December 2017

A Co-MOF nanosheet array on Ni foam (Co-MOF/NF) acts as a superior electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction, needing an overpotential of only 311 mV to drive a geometrical catalytic current density of 50 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M KOH.
Facile fabrication of perovskite layers with large grains through a solvent exchange approach
Authors: Ren Ying-Ke , Shi Xiao-Qiang , Ding Xi-Hong , Zhu Jun , Hayat Tasawar , Alsaedi Ahmed , Li Zhao-Qian , Xu Xiao-Xiao , Yang Shang-Feng , Dai Song-Yuan
Published: December 2017

A solvent exchange strategy (SES) was used to obtain perovskite films without a dripping anti-solvent.
A magnetic CoFe2O4–CNS nanocomposite as an efficient, recyclable catalyst for peroxymonosulfate activation and pollutant degradation
Authors: Chen Chang-Bin , Zhang Feng , Li Chen-Xuan , Lu Jia-Yuan , Cui Shuo , Liu Hou-Qi , Li Wen-Wei
Published: December 2017

An efficient, stable, easily recoverable hybrid nanomaterial for heterogeneous activation of PMS and sulfonamide degradation.
Synthesis and characterisation of SrY2−xCexO4 as environmentally friendly reddish-brown pigments
Authors: Oka Ryohei , Shobu Yusuke , Aoyama Fumiya , Tsukimori Takashi , Masui Toshiyuki
Published: December 2017

SrY2−xCexO4 solid solutions were synthesized as environmentally-friendly inorganic pigments and the color gradually changed from yellow to reddish brown on increasing the Ce3+ concentration.
An amorphous dual action electrocatalyst based on oxygen doped cobalt sulfide for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions
Authors: Sultana Ummul K. , He Tianwei , Du Aijun , O'Mullane Anthony P.
Published: December 2017

Here we electrodeposit an amorphous bifunctional electrocatalyst that is active for both the HER and OER under alkaline conditions which is based on oxygen doped cobalt sulfide.
Naphthoquinone based chemosensors for transition metal ions: experiment and theory
Authors: Gosavi-Mirkute Prajkta , Patil Amit , Lande Dipali N. , Chakravarty Debamitra , Gejji Shridhar P. , Satpute Surekha , Salunke-Gawali Sunita
Published: December 2017

Naphthoquinone based chemosensors are studied for metal ion binding in methanol–water–triethylamine solvent mixtures. pH effect, M : L stoichiometry and competitive binding of metal ions is studied.
Enhanced xenon adsorption and separation with an anionic indium–organic framework by ion exchange with Co2+
Authors: Liu Bo-yu , Gong You-jin , Wu Xiao-nan , Liu Qiang , Li Wei , Xiong Shun-shun , Hu Sheng , Wang Xiao-lin
Published: December 2017

Ion-exchanged Co2+-CPM-6 exhibits a distinctly higher Xe/Kr separating ability than organic cation analogues, suggesting a promising candidate material for Xe/Kr separation.
Rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella enteritidis by a pre-concentrated immunochromatographic assay in a large-volume sample system
Authors: Duan Miao-Lin , Huang Yan-Mei , Wu Song-Song , Li Guo-Qiang , Wang Shu-Ying , Chen Ming-Hui , Wang Chun , Liu Dao-Feng , Liu Cheng-Wei , Lai Wei-Hua
Published: December 2017

A pre-concentrated immunochromatographic assay for Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) detection was developed based on the unique optical and magnetic properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs).
Antimicrobial alkaloids produced by the mangrove endophyte Penicillium brocae MA-231 using the OSMAC approach
Authors: Meng Ling-Hong , Li Xiao-Ming , Liu Yang , Xu Gang-Ming , Wang Bin-Gui
Published: December 2017

The OSMAC (one strain-many compounds) protocol was used in this study to obtain various metabolites from the mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Penicillium brocae MA-231.
Direct synthesis of acrylate monomers in heterogeneous continuous flow processes
Authors: Salaklang Jatuporn , Maes Veronique , Conradi Matthias , Dams Rudy , Junkers Tanja
Published: December 2017

An efficient, safe and convenient laboratory scale continuous flow process for synthesis of (meth)acrylate monomers is described.
Diphosphine-protected ultrasmall gold nanoclusters: opened icosahedral Au13and heart-shaped Au8clusters
Authors: Zhang Shan-Shan , Feng Lei , Senanayake Ravithree D. , Aikens Christine M. , Wang Xing-Po , Zhao Quan-Qin , Tung Chen-Ho , Sun Di
Published: December 2017

Two ultrasmall gold clusters, Au13and Au8, were identified as a distortedIhicosahedral Au13and edge-shared “core + 4exo” structure Au8S2cores, respectively. They showed interesting luminescence and electrochemical properties.
Mechanochemistry of the mechanical bond
Authors: De Bo Guillaume
Published: December 2017

Strong and stable under tension?
Hydrogen-bond structure dynamics in bulk water: insights from ab initio simulations with coupled cluster theory
Authors: Liu Jinfeng , He Xiao , Zhang John Z. H. , Qi Lian-Wen
Published: December 2017

AIMD simulations using the fragment-based coupled cluster theory accurately reveal the structural and dynamical properties of liquid water.
Solvent induced surface modifications on hydrogen storage performance of ZnO nanoparticle decorated MWCNTs
Authors: Konni Madhavi , Dadhich Anima S. , Mukkamala Saratchandra Babu
Published: December 2017

Surface functionalization via decorating nanometal particles on MWCNTs for hydrogen uptake through a spillover mechanism is the key for hydrogen energy storage for transport sectors.
Aqueous dispersions of lipid nanoparticles wet hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Kulkarni Mayuresh A. , Chembu Narendiran G. , Banpurkar Arun , Kumaraswamy Guruswamy
Published: December 2017

Aqueous dispersions of food-grade lipid nanoparticles render hydrophobic and super hydrophobic surfaces wettable.
Structure–property insights into nanostructured electrodes for Li-ion batteries from local structural and diffusional probes
Authors: Laveda Josefa Vidal , Johnston Beth , Paterson Gary W. , Baker Peter J. , Tucker Matthew G. , Playford Helen Y. , Jensen Kirsten M. Ø. , Billinge Simon J. L. , Corr Serena A.
Published: December 2017

Microwave heating presents a faster, lower energy synthetic methodology for the realization of functional materials.
Crystal structure and surface characteristics of Sr-doped GdBaCo2O6−δ double perovskites: oxygen evolution reaction and conductivity
Authors: Pramana Stevin S. , Cavallaro Andrea , Li Cheng , Handoko Albertus D. , Chan Kuang Wen , Walker Robert J. , Regoutz Anna , Herrin Jason S. , Yeo Boon Siang , Payne David J. , Kilner John A. , Ryan Mary P. , Skinner Stephen J.
Published: December 2017

Upon Sr-doping in GdBa1−xSrxCo2O6−δ, a shift of the valence band maximum VBmax towards the Fermi energy EF was observed leading to better OER activity.
Ambient temperature aqueous synthesis of ultrasmall copper doped ceria nanocrystals for the water gas shift and carbon monoxide oxidation reactions
Authors: Curran Christopher D. , Lu Li , Kiely Christopher J. , McIntosh Steven
Published: December 2017

Ultra-small CuxCe1−xO2−δ nanocrystals were prepared through a room temperature, aqueous synthesis method, achieving high copper doping and low water gas shift activation energy.
Elucidation of the opto-electronic and photoelectrochemical properties of FeVO4 photoanodes for solar water oxidation
Authors: Zhang Mengyuan , Ma Yimeng , Friedrich Dennis , van de Krol Roel , Wong Lydia H. , Abdi Fatwa F.
Published: December 2017

Molybdenum doping in FeVO4 photoanodes enhances the charge carrier mobility and lifetime, resulting in a 45% AM1.5 photocurrent increase.
Room-temperature fabrication of a delafossite CuCrO2hole transport layer for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Dunlap-Shohl Wiley A. , Daunis Trey B. , Wang Xiaoming , Wang Jian , Zhang Boya , Barrera Diego , Yan Yanfa , Hsu Julia W. P. , Mitzi David B.
Published: December 2017

A delafossite CuCrO2hole transport layer deposited at room temperature from a nanoparticle suspension is used in efficient perovskite cells.
Functionally graded membranes from nanoporous covalent organic frameworks for highly selective water permeation
Authors: Yang Hao , Wu Hong , Yao Zhaoquan , Shi Benbing , Xu Ziang , Cheng Xuanxuan , Pan Fusheng , Liu Guanhua , Jiang Zhongyi , Cao Xingzhong
Published: December 2017

Functionally graded membranes with finely tuned COF gradients were fabricated for highly selective water permeation.
Activation of the MoSe2 basal plane and Se-edge by B doping for enhanced hydrogen evolution
Authors: Gao Daqiang , Xia Baorui , Zhu Changrong , Du Yonghua , Xi Pinxian , Xue Desheng , Ding Jun , Wang John
Published: December 2017

We demonstrate by both calculation and experiments the effective B doping-induced activation of both the basal plane and Se-edge in vertically aligned MoSe2 flakes, and the disruptive enhancement in the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.
S-Nitrosothiols (SNO) as light-responsive molecular activators for post-synthesis fluorescence augmentation in fluorophore-loaded nanospheres
Authors: Lin Shu-Yi , Wang Meng-Ren , Chiu Shih-Jiuan , Lin Chien-Yu , Hu Teh-Min
Published: December 2017

For the first time S-nitrosothiol is engineered into fluorophore-loaded silica nanospheres for post-synthesis, light-triggered fluorescence augmentation.
Macroscopic assembly of oppositely charged polyelectrolyte hydrogels
Authors: Li Jinhui , Xu Zuxiang , Xiao Ying , Gao Guorong , Chen Jing , Yin Jingbo , Fu Jun
Published: December 2017

Stimulus-responsive hydrogels are assembled into soft devices that transform their shape upon external stimuli.
An overview of electrospun nanofibers and their application in energy storage, sensors and wearable/flexible electronics
Authors: Chinnappan Amutha , Baskar Chinnappan , Baskar Shikha , Ratheesh Greeshma , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: December 2017

Wearable and flexible electronics are currently a highly demanded and passionate topic of research owing to their excellent combination of related base functions with stretchability and foldability.
Core–shell Cu@rGO hybrids filled in epoxy composites with high thermal conduction
Authors: Liu Shaoqing , Zhao Bo , Jiang Li , Zhu Yan-Wu , Fu Xian-Zhu , Sun Rong , Xu Jian-Bin , Wong Ching-Ping
Published: December 2017

3D core–shell Cu@rGO filled polymer composites with high thermal conductivity for advanced electronic packaging techniques.
Receptive Vocabulary, Cognitive Flexibility, and Inhibitory Control Differentially Predict Older and Younger Adults' Success Perceiving Speech by Talkers With Dysarthria
Authors: Ingvalson Erin M. , Lansford Kaitlin L. , Fedorova Valeriya , Fernandez Gabriel
Published: December 2017

Purpose

Previous research has demonstrated equivocal findings related to the effect of listener age on intelligibility ratings of dysarthric speech. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms that support younger and older adults' perception of speech by talkers with dysarthria.

Method

Younger and older adults identified words in phrases produced by talkers with dysarthria. Listeners also completed assessments on peripheral hearing, receptive vocabulary, and executive control functions.

Results

Older and younger adults did not differ in their ability to perceive speech by talkers with dysarthria. Younger adults' success in identifying words produced by talkers with dysarthria was associated only with their hearing acuity. In contrast, older adults showed effects of working memory and cognitive flexibility and interactions between hearing acuity and receptive vocabulary and between hearing acuity and inhibitory control.

Conclusions

Although older and younger adults had equivalent performance identifying words produced by talkers with dysarthria, older adults appear to utilize more cognitive support to identify those words.
Modeling Speech Level as a Function of Background Noise Level and Talker-to-Listener Distance for Talkers Wearing Hearing Protection Devices
Authors: Bouserhal Rachel E. , Bockstael Annelies , MacDonald Ewen , Falk Tiago H. , Voix Jérémie
Published: December 2017

Purpose

Studying the variations in speech levels with changing background noise level and talker-to-listener distance for talkers wearing hearing protection devices (HPDs) can aid in understanding communication in background noise.

Method

Speech was recorded using an intra-aural HPD from 12 different talkers at 5 different distances in 3 different noise conditions and 2 quiet conditions.

Results

This article proposes models that can predict the difference in speech level as a function of background noise level and talker-to-listener distance for occluded talkers. The proposed model complements the existing model presented by Pelegrín-García, Smits, Brunskog, and Jeong (2011) and expands on it by taking into account the effects of occlusion and background noise level on changes in speech sound level.

Conclusions

Three models of the relationship between vocal effort, background noise level, and talker-to-listener distance for talkers wearing HPDs are presented. The model with the best prediction intervals is a talker-dependent model that requires the users' unoccluded speech level at 10 m as a reference. A model describing the relationship between speech level, talker-to-listener distance, and background noise level for occluded talkers could eventually be incorporated with radio protocols to transmit verbal communication only to an intended set of listeners within a given spatial range—this range being dependent on the changes in speech level and background noise level.
Acoustic Variability of the Adult Voice Over Time
Authors: Pierce Jenny L.
Published: December 2017

Voice quality is known to fluctuate in adults over relatively short periods of time. Quantifying the degree to which the normal and pathologic voice fluctuates can be applied in various ways for clinical evaluation and treatment purposes. Quantifying true fluctuations in voice quality depends on the reliability of the specific acoustic measure being used. Some acoustic measures may be more reliable than others in tracking these fluctuations. This article reviews the literature to date regarding voice quality fluctuations in adults over short periods of time (i.e., days and weeks). Recommendations for future research directions are also given.
Voice Therapy for the Beginning Clinician
Authors: Gartner-Schmidt Jackie , Lewandowski Ali , Haxer Marc , Milstein Claudio F.
Published: December 2017

This article is written specifically for recent graduates of Speech-Language Pathology programs or clinicians with little experience in providing voice therapy for the approximately 88 million people in the United States who will suffer from a voice disorder in their lifetime (Cohen, Kim, Roy, Asche, & Courey, 2012; Roy, Merrill, Gray, & Smith, 2005; United States Census Bureau, n.d.). Voice therapy is a patient-centered treatment paradigm used to modify behaviors that cause and/or contribute to voice disorders. A critical need exists to train novice clinicians to perform voice therapy who may, or may not, have had dedicated training in their academic programs and/or Clinical Fellowship (CF). The article is divided into the following sections: (1) Appropriate Referrals for Voice Therapy, (2). A Voice Therapy Framework, (3) Scientific Rationale for Differing Voice Therapy Techniques, and (4) When to Discharge Patients from Voice Therapy.
The XXL Survey
Authors: Melnyk O. , Elyiv A. , Smolčić V. , Plionis M. , Koulouridis E. , Fotopoulou S. , Chiappetti L. , Adami C. , Baran N. , Butler A. , Delhaize J. , Delvecchio I. , Finet F. , Huynh M. , Lidman C. , Pierre M. , Pompei E. , Vignali C. , Surdej J.
Published: December 2017

Context.This work is part of a series of studies focusing on the environment and the properties of the X-ray selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) population from the XXL survey. The present survey, given its large area, continuity, extensive multiwavelength coverage, and large-scale structure information, is ideal for this kind of study. Here, we focus on the XXL-South (XXL-S) field.

Aims.Our main aim is to study the environment of the various types of X-ray selected AGN and investigate its possible role in AGN triggering and evolution.

Methods.We studied the large-scale (>1 Mpc) environment up to redshiftz= 1 using the nearest neighbour distance method to compare various pairs of AGN types. We also investigated the small-scale environment (<0.4 Mpc) by calculating the local overdensities of optical galaxies. In addition, we built a catalogue of AGN concentrations with two or more members using the hierarchical clustering method and we correlated them with the X-ray galaxy clusters detected in the XXL survey.

Results.It is found that radio detected X-ray sources are more obscured than non-radio ones, though not all radio sources are obscured AGN. We did not find any significant differences in the large-scale clustering between luminous and faint X-ray AGN, or between obscured and unobscured ones, or between radio and non-radio sources. At local scales (<0.4 Mpc), AGN typically reside in overdense regions, compared to non-AGN; however, no differences were found between the various types of AGN. A majority of AGN concentrations with two or more members are found in the neighbourhood of X-ray galaxy clusters within <25–45 Mpc. Our results suggest that X-ray AGN are typically located in supercluster filaments, but they are also found in over- and underdense regions.
Submillimeter wave spectroscopy of ethyl isocyanide and its searches in Orion
Authors: Margulès L. , Tercero B. , Guillemin J. C. , Motiyenko R. A. , Cernicharo J.
Published: December 2017

Context. About 40 cyanide compounds have been detected in the interstellar medium, but only 3 examples of organic isocyanide compounds were observed in this medium. Ethyl isocyanide is one of the best candidates for possible detection.

Aim. To date, measurements of rotational spectra are limited to 40 GHz. The extrapolation of the prediction in the millimeter wave domain is inaccurate and does not permit an unambiguous detection.

Methods. The rotational spectra were reinvestigated from 0.15 to 1 THz. Using the new prediction, we searched for the compound ethyl isocyanide in Orion KL and Sgr B2.

Results. We newly assigned 2906 transitions and fitted these new data with those from previous studies, reaching quantum numbers up to J = 103 and Ka = 30. The asymmetric top Hamiltonian proposed by Watson in the Ir representation was used for the analysis, and both reductions A and S were tested. The search for CH3CH2NC in Sgr B2 (IRAM 30m) and Orion KL (IRAM 30m, ALMA Science Verification) result in a non-detection; upper limits to the column density were derived.
Cloaking using complementary media for electromagnetic waves
Authors: Nguyen Hoai-Minh
Published: December 2017

Negative index materials are artificial structures whose refractive index has negative value over some frequency range. The study of these materials has attracted a lot of attention in the scientific community not only because of their many potential interesting applications but also because of challenges in understanding their intriguing properties due to the sign-changing coefficients in equations describing their properties. In this paper, we establish cloaking using complementary media for electromagnetic waves. This confirms and extends the suggestions of Laiet al.[Phys. Rev. Lett.102(2009) 093901] for the full Maxwell equations. The analysis is based on the reflecting and removing localized singularity techniques, three-sphere inequalities, and the fact that the Maxwell equations can be reduced to a weakly coupled second order elliptic equations.
Repair of Occipital Bone Defects in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 by Means of CAD/CAM Prefabricated Titanium Plates
Authors: Friedrich Reinhard E. , Emami Pedram , Hagel Christian , Wikner Johannes , Hanken Henning
Published: December 2017

Certain skeletal defects may develop in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a common tumor-suppressor syndrome, such as cranial lesions confined to the lambdoid suture region. Here, we report on the repair of osseous defects of occipital bone in a NF1 patient with history of skull trauma and tumorous hemorrhage. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-assisted devices were applied to safely close the bone defects. The variable phenotype of NF1 in the occipital skull region is discussed and a brief review is presented on NF1-related therapies for tumors and malformations of the occipitoparietal skull region.
IT-Sicherheit in kritischen IT-Infrastrukturen des Klinik- und Krankenhauswesens: Prävention statt Reaktion
Authors: Leibbrand Patrick
Published: December 2017

IT-Netzwerke in Kliniken und Krankenhäusern gelten als kritische Infrastrukturen und sind durch Angriffe auf deren interne Systeme und Netzwerkressourcen gefährdet. Der Übersichtsartikel fasst die praktischen Konsequenzen omnipräsenter Vernetzung und Verbindung zum offenen Internet zusammen, skizziert Angriffsvektoren und -wege und begründet die zunehmende Unwirksamkeit konventioneller, reaktiv-filternder Schutzmaßnahmen. Abschließend werden präventiv wirksame Schutzkonzepte vorgestellt, die zusammen mit adäquaten technisch-organisatorischen Maßnahmen aktuellen und zukünftigen Bedrohungen nachhaltig entgegentreten.
Marketing für nuklearmedizinische Praxen: Worauf es ankommt
Authors: Döbler Anne-Katrin
Published: December 2017

Öffentlichkeitsarbeit für nuklearmedizinische Praxen

Noch bis vor wenigen Jahren waren viele Mediziner überzeugt, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit und Medienarbeit nicht nötig zu haben. Mundpropaganda, hieß es oft, sei entscheidend für den ärztlichen Beruf. Zweifellos ist die persönliche Empfehlung durch Freunde und Bekannte nach wie vor wichtig. Ein gewisses Maß an Öffentlichkeitsarbeit ist allerdings auch aus der Medizin nicht mehr wegzudenken, wenn man sich die vielen Arztpraxis-Webseiten und Bewertungsportale anschaut. Für die Generation Patient U40 dürfte heute gelten: Wer nicht im Internet zu finden ist, existiert nicht. Doch nicht nur diese Form der Öffentlichkeitsarbeit ist wichtig – egal, wie gut ein Arzt als Spezialist ist. Damit ist klar, ganz „ohne“ geht es nicht. Doch wie macht man es richtig, was ist das richtige Maß und worauf sollte man dabei achten?
Das kutane Mikrobiom: Ausblick für neue Therapieansätze beim atopischen Ekzem
Authors: Kolb-Mäurer A.
Published: December 2017

Die Sichtweise auf die Pathogenese und Therapie des atopischen Ekzems hat sich durch fortlaufend neue Erkenntnisse über das kutane Mikrobiom geändert. Untersuchungen zum Mikrobiom erkrankter Patienten bestätigten einen Anstieg von Staphylococcus aureus sowie parallel dazu die Abnahme insbesondere der gram-negativen bakteriellen Vielfalt in den betroffenen Regionen. Die Interaktion der Haut mit dem Mikrobiom hat Konsequenzen für Immunität und Toleranz des Wirts. Veränderungen der mikrobiellen Zusammensetzung können somit die Entwicklung und den Verlauf des atopischen Ekzems beeinflussen. Aus diesen aktuellen Erkenntnissen der Relevanz des Hautmikrobioms ist neben der gestörten Hautbarriere und den Entzündungsreaktionen auch das Hautmikrobiom mit in die Therapie des atopischen Ekzems einzubeziehen. Neben der antiinflammatorischen Behandlung sollte die Therapie auch auf einen positiven Einfluss auf das Mikrobiom abzielen. Lokale oder systemische antibiotische und antiseptische Behandlungen können zwar die Kolonisationsdichte von S. aureus vermindern, verbessern jedoch nicht zwangsläufig das Mikrobiom. Interessanterweise besitzt Miconazol neben seiner antimykotischen Wirkung zusätzlich antibakterielle Eigenschaften insbesondere gegenüber S. aureus und Corynebakterien. Gram-negative Bakterien werden jedoch durch das Antimykotikum kaum beeinflusst. Eine Lokaltherapie mit Miconazol, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit einem antientzündlichen Wirkstoff, stellt so eine interessante Alternative zur Behandlung des atopischen Ekzems dar und erweitert das Therapiespektrum anderer bakterieller Hauterkrankungen wie des Erythrasmas und unterschiedlicher Ekzemerkrankungen, die häufig mit Pilzen und Bakterien besiedelt oder infiziert sind.
Extraction Method and Analysis of Cannabinoids in Cannabis Olive Oil Preparations
Authors: Casiraghi Antonella , Roda Gabriella , Casagni Eleonora , Cristina Cecilia , Musazzi Umberto , Franzè Silvia , Rocco Paolo , Giuliani Claudia , Fico Gelsomina , Minghetti Paola , Gambaro Veniero
Published: December 2017

Recently, an increasing number of pharmacists had to supply medicinal products based on Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae), prescribed by physicians to individual patients. Cannabis olive oil preparation is the first choice as a concentrated extract of cannabinoids, even though standardized operative conditions for obtaining it are still not available. In this work, the impact of temperature and extraction time on the concentration of active principles was studied to harmonize the different compounding methods, optimize the extraction process, and reduce the variability among preparations. Moreover, starting from the cannabis inflorescence, the effect of temperature on tetrahydrocannabinolic acid decarboxylation was evaluated. For the analysis, a GC/MS method, as suggested by the Italian Ministry of Health, and a GC/flame ionization detection method were developed, validated, and compared.
Composition controllability of InGaAs nanowire arrays in selective area growth with controlled pitches on Si platform
Authors: Chiba Kohei , Tomioka Katsuhiro , Yoshida Akinobu , Motohisa Junichi
Published: December 2017

Composition controllability of vertical InGaAs nanowires (NWs) on Si integrated by selective area growth was characterized for Si photonics in the optical telecommunication bands. The pitch of pre-patterned holes (NW sites) changed to an In/Ga alloy-composition in the solid phase during the NW growth. The In composition with a nanometer-scaled pitch differed completely from that with a μm-scaled pitch. Accordingly, the growth morphologies of InGaAs NWs show different behavior with respect to the In/Ga ratio.
Damping constant measurement and inverse giant magnetoresistance in spintronic devices with Fe4N
Authors: Li Xuan , Li Hongshi , Jamali Mahdi , Wang Jian-Ping
Published: December 2017

Fe4N is one of the attractive materials for spintronic devices due to its large spin asymmetric conductance and negative spin polarization at the Fermi level. We have successfully deposited Fe4N thin film with (001) out-of-plane orientation using a DC facing-target-sputtering system. A Fe(001)/Ag(001) composite buffer layer is selected to improve the (001) orientation of the Fe4N thin film. The N2 partial pressure during sputtering is optimized to promote the formation of Fe4N phase. Moreover, we have measured the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) of the (001) oriented Fe4N thin film using coplanar waveguides and microwave excitation. The resonant fields are tested under different microwave excitation frequencies, and the experimental results match well with the Kittel formula. The Gilbert damping constant of Fe4N is determined to be α = 0.021±0.02. We have also fabricated and characterized the current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) giant magnetoresistance (GMR) device with Fe4N/Ag/Fe sandwich. Inverse giant magnetoresistance is observed in the CPP GMR device, which suggests that the spin polarization of Fe4N and Fe4N/Ag interface is negative.
Laser pulse shape dependence of poly-Si crystallization
Authors: Prudnikov Oleg N. , Shin Sung Tae , Cheong Byoung-Ho
Published: December 2017

Poly-Si crystallization mechanism is examined by conducting numerical simulations, combining the thermal diffusion equation with a rigorous coupled wave analysis method. The ripples at the boundary of poly-Si grains are modeled as a grating surface structure. Under laser beam irradiation, the melting front profiles are accurately analyzed by including surface diffraction, polarization of the laser, and laser energy density. For two different lasers, XeCl excimer laser (λ = 308 nm) and Yb:YAG solid state laser (λ= 343 nm), the energy density range at which poly-Si grains are gradually ordered was determined. Furthermore, the energy density window of the Yb:YAG laser is found to be four times larger than that of XeCl laser. On the other hand, the Yb:YAG laser may produce amorphous-Si phase after completing the crystallization process. It is suggested that this amorphous-Si phase could be avoided, if a double pulse laser is used.
Stability of the helical configuration of an intrinsically straight semiflexible biopolymer inside a cylindrical cell
Authors: Zhou Zicong , Joós Béla , Wu Chen-Xu
Published: December 2017

We examine the effects of the external force, torque, temperature, confinement, and excluded volume interactions (EVIs) on the stability of the helical configuration of an intrinsically straight semiflexible biopolymer inside a cylindrical cell. We find that to stabilize a helix, the confinement from both ends of the cell is more effective than a uniaxial force. We show that under a uniaxial force and in absence of confinement from bottom of the cell, a stable helix is very short. Our results reveal that to maintain a low pitch helix, a torque acting at both ends of the filament is a necessity, and the confinement can reduce the required torque to less than half making it much easier to form a stable helix. Moreover, we find that thermal fluctuations and EVIs have little impact on the stability of a helix. Our results can help understand the existence of the helix and ring configurations of some semiflexible biopolymers, such as MreB homologs, inside a rod-shaped bacteria.
Numerical evidence of liquid crystalline mesophases of a lollipop shaped model in two dimensions
Authors: Pérez-Lemus G. R. , Armas-Pérez J. C. , Chapela G. A. , Quintana-H. J.
Published: December 2017

Small alterations in the molecular details may produce noticeable changes in the symmetry of the resulting phase behavior. It is possible to produce morphologies having different n-fold symmetries by manipulating molecular features such as chirality, polarity or anisotropy. In this paper, a two dimensional hard molecular model is introduced to study the formation of liquid crystalline phases in low dimensionality. The model is similar to that reported by Julio C. Armas-Pérez and Jacqueline Quintana-H., Phys. Rev. E 83, 051709 (2011). The main difference is the lack of chirality in the model proposed, although they share some characteristics like the geometrical polarity. Our model is called a lollipop model, because its shape is constructed by a rounded section attached to the end of a stick. Contrary to what happens in three dimensions where chiral nematogens produce interesting and complex phases such as blue phases, the lack of molecular chirality of our model generates a richer phase diagram compared to the chiral system. We show numerical and some geometrical evidences that the lack of laterality of the non chiral model seems to provide more routes of molecular self-assembly, producing triatic, a random cluster and possibly a tetratic phase behavior which were not presented in the previous work. We support our conclusions using results obtained from isobaric and isochoric Monte Carlo simulations. Properties as the n-fold order parameters such as the nematic, tetratic and triatic as well as their correlation functions were used to characterize the phases. We also provide the Fourier transform of equilibrium configurations to analyze the n-fold symmetry characteristic of each phase.
Thermally stimulated capacitance in gamma irradiated epitaxial 4H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes
Authors: Vigneshwara Raja P. , Narasimha Murty N. V. L.
Published: December 2017

Deep level defects in 4H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) fabricated on n-type epitaxial 4H-SiC have been identified by thermally stimulated capacitance (TSCAP) spectroscopy prior to and after 60Co-gamma irradiation. The TSCAP measurements on the non-irradiated SBDs reveal two electron traps at Ec-0.63 eV (∼250 K) and Ec-1.13 eV (∼525 K), whereas only one trap at Ec-0.63 eV is identified by conventional thermally stimulated current (TSC) measurements. Hence, TSCAP spectroscopy is more effective in identifying deep level defects in epitaxial 4 H-SiC SBDs as compared to the TSC spectroscopy. Upon exposure to 60Co-gamma rays up to a dose of 100 Mrad, significant changes in the concentration of the traps at Ec-0.63 eV, Ec-1.13 eV, and one new trap at Ec-0.89 eV (∼420 K) are observed. The electrical characteristics of the SBDs are considerably changed after gamma irradiation. The dominant mechanisms responsible for the irradiation induced changes in the SBD electrical characteristics are analyzed by incorporating the trap signatures in the commercial Silvaco® TCAD device simulator. The extracted trap parameters of the irradiated SBDs may be helpful in predicting the survival of 4H-SiC SBD detectors at higher irradiation levels.
Micromachined silicon cantilevers with integrated high-frequency magnetoimpedance sensors for simultaneous strain and magnetic field detection
Authors: Buettel G. , Joppich J. , Hartmann U.
Published: December 2017

Giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) measurements in the high-frequency regime utilizing a coplanar waveguide with an integrated Permalloy multilayer and micromachined on a silicon cantilever are reported. The fabrication process is described in detail. The aspect ratio of the magnetic multilayer in the magnetoresistive and magnetostrictive device was varied. Tensile strain and compressive strain were applied. Vector network analyzer measurements in the range from the skin effect to ferromagnetic resonance confirm the technological potential of GMI-based micro-electro-mechanical devices for strain and magnetic field sensing applications. The strain-impedance gauge factor was quantified by finite element strain calculations and reaches a maximum value of almost 200.
Polycrystalline diamond RF MOSFET with MoO3 gate dielectric
Authors: Ren Zeyang , Zhang Jinfeng , Zhang Jincheng , Zhang Chunfu , Chen Dazheng , Quan Rudai , Yang Jiayin , Lin Zhiyu , Hao Yue
Published: December 2017

We report the radio frequency characteristics of the diamond metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor with MoO3 gate dielectric for the first time. The device with 2-μm gate length was fabricated on high quality polycrystalline diamond. The maximum drain current of 150 mA/mm at VGS = -5 V and the maximum transconductance of 27 mS/mm were achieved. The extrinsic cutoff frequency of 1.2 GHz and the maximum oscillation frequency of 1.9 GHz have been measured. The moderate frequency characteristics are attributed to the moderate transconductance limited by the series resistance along the channel. We expect that the frequency characteristics of the device can be improved by increasing the magnitude of gm, or fundamentally decreasing the gate-controlled channel resistance and series resistance along the channel, and down-scaling the gate length.
Temperature dependence of exchange bias in (NiFe/IrMn)n multilayer films studied through static and dynamic techniques
Authors: Adams Daniel J. , Khanal Shankar , Khan Mohammad Asif , Maksymov Artur , Spinu Leonard
Published: December 2017

The in-plane temperature dependence of exchange bias was studied through both dc magnetometry and ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy in a series of [NiFe/IrMn]n multilayer films, where n is the number of layer repetitions. Major hysteresis loops were recorded in the temperature range of 300 K to 2 K to reveal the effect of temperature on the exchange bias in the static regime while temperature-dependent continuous-wave ferromagnetic resonance for frequencies from 3 to 16 GHz was used to determine the exchange bias dynamically. Strong divergence between the values of exchange bias determined using the two different types of measurements as well as a peak in temperature dependence of the resonance linewidth were observed. These results are explained in terms of the slow-relaxer mechanism.
Orthogonal interfacial exchange coupling in GaMnAsP/GaMnAs bilayers
Authors: Li Xiang , Bac Seul-Ki , Dong Sining , Liu Xinyu , Lee Sanghoon , Rouvimov Sergei , Dobrowolska Margaret , Furdyna Jacek K.
Published: December 2017

We carried out a systematic study of magnetic ordering and magnetic interlayer coupling in Ga1-xMnxAs1-yPy/Ga1-xMnxAs bilayers using superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry and ferromagnetic resonance. Such bilayers are interesting, because the easy axis of the constituent materials are orthogonal. Our results show that the bilayers are strongly exchange-coupled at the interface, that manifests itself in the form of horizontal exchange-bias-like shifts of the hysteresis loops of the Ga1-xMnxAs layer, as observed in field-cooled magnetic measurements.
Towards a typology of interpreters in war-related scenarios in the Middle East
Authors: Ruiz Rosendo Lucía , Barea Muñoz Manuel
Published: December 2017

The figure of the interpreter in conflict is as interesting as it is elusive to the rest of the profession and academia. One of the regions that has caught the attention and the interest of scholars is the Middle East. The literature tends to focus on one specific category – locally recruited interpreters – and the application of different theoretical concepts to their role and consideration by the parties involved, and does not delve too deeply into the intricacies of the specific role of other categories of interpreter in this context. Also, the existing narratives do not always frame this role through the typology of the conflict in which it is developed. This paper identifies narratives included in the literature that represent interpreters working in armed conflicts in the Middle East in order to examine the different existing categories. The paper then draws on the results of a qualitative study carried out with staff interpreters at an international organisation with the aim of completing this categorisation. Our focus will be on the characteristics of the different categories of interpreter in terms of their involvement in the different stages of the conflict, their positionality, working conditions, status and recognition by the parties involved in the conflict.
The translation challenges of INGOs
Authors: Tesseur Wine
Published: December 2017

In the current climate where the legitimacy of Western-based international Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) is increasingly put under pressure, some NGOs have started to change their approach to translation, often as a consequence of structural changes within the organisation. This article focuses on the translation challenges of one such organisation, namely Amnesty International, and how it has aimed to deal with these. Drawing on ethnographic data, it describes the mission of Amnesty’s Language Resource Centre, which aims to support translation at Amnesty into a variety of languages. The article reveals some of the tensions between the use of professional translators, particularly for languages such as French, Spanish and Arabic, and the continued reliance of smaller Amnesty offices on volunteer translators. It demonstrates that despite the trend towards professionalisation, volunteer translation continues to represent a significant portion of Amnesty’s translation work.