bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probiotics and Prebiotics
Authors: Naqvi Rehan
Published: December 2024

Probiotics

In addition to the definition of useful ingredients, there may be a subset of meals that can be believed to be true for health, which is produced with the aid of or comprises dwelling microorganisms. We refer to these meals as probiotics. The oldest definition of probiotics is very slim and has been implemented, especially in animals. As bacterial metabolism has become more defined, greater research has pointed to the position that microorganisms play a role in human health and resistance to sickness, and there have been more microorganisms recognized that can be a part of probiotic merchandise. Therefore, there is a desire to increase the definition of probiotics has become apparent. The current WHO definition of probiotics includes the word administered word that routes of management, apart from oral, may be used as probiotics. It should be noted that discussions on probiotics are commonly confined to microorganisms, making use of and significance of years in probiotic foods has no longer acquired a lot of attention.

Criteria for Probiotics

As researchers and meal producers have begun to comprehend the capability for the inclusion of microorganisms in probiotic meals, numerous standards have been proposed for the screening of candidate microorganisms that could simultaneously satisfy the regulatory government and ensure client recognition (Table 17.2). The first three standards address the sensible aspects of choosing appropriate microorganisms for inclusion in probiotic foods, and the ultimate may be more vital in terms of patron acceptance and regulatory motion. The correct probiotic bacteria met all the criteria. But, the list Of microorganism that meets several criteria, especially those that have strong scientific proof of effectiveness and which have been incorporated into meals isn't lon [1].
Open Left Hepatectomy with Caval Thrombectomy for Huge HCC with Left Hepatic vein Tumoral Thrombosis
Authors: GL Baiocchi
Published: December 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor, and its incidence has been on the rise worldwide. It is a common cause of cancer-related death. HCC carries a poor prognosis and is challenging to manage, especially when diagnosed in advanced stages [6]. We present a rare case of open left hepatectomy with caval thrombectomy for huge HCC with left hepatic vein tumoral thrombosis.
Implementasi Model Convolutional Neural Network dalam Aplikasi Android untuk Identifikasi Limbah Infeksius
Authors: Mareta Affix , Estri Adiana Beta , Wardhani Olivia , Alfath Nurul Fathony Ikhwan
Published: December 2024

After the COVID-19 pandemic passed, Indonesian citizens were still strict about using masks because active cases were still found. However, not all Indonesian people are aware that masks are an infectious waste, so after use, they are still disposed of carelessly. Apart from masks, other infectious waste in the form of battery waste which contains hazardous chemicals and food waste potentially to spread infectious diseases, is also dangerous for humans. These kinds of waste are major contributors to global pollution. Research on waste classification has been carried out a lot, but especially for infectious waste has not received much attention from researchers. For this reason, this research is useful to help the public distinguish infectious waste such as used food scraps, masks, and batteries so that they are more careful in disposing of waste. The research started with collecting datasets, which came from combining several infectious waste datasets available on the internet. This is done because there is no publicly available dataset that specifically contains infectious waste. Then, a classification model is created with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm which has an accuracy of more than 90%. This algorithm has been widely used in previous studies but has never been used as a model applied to Android applications to classify infectious waste. In this study, the CNN model is applied to Android applications. From this research, an Android application with the CNN algorithm will be produced which can help Indonesians identify infectious waste with an accuracy of 94%.
Comparison of Ordinal Logistic Regression and Geographically Weighted Ordinal Logistic Regression (GWOLR) in Predicting Stunting Prevalence among Indonesian Toddlers
Authors: Setyowati Silfiana Lis , Indahwati  , Fitrianto Anwar , Erfiani  , Aliu Muftih Alwi
Published: December 2024

Ordinal logistic regression is a type of logistic regression used for response variables with an ordinal scale, containing two or more categories with levels between them. This method is an extension of logistic regression where the observed response variable is ordinal with a clear order. It addresses spatial effects that can cause variance heterogeneity and improve parameter estimation accuracy compared to logistic regression. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) is a statistical analysis technique designed to account for spatial heterogeneity. GWOLR is an extension of OLS and GWR models that incorporates spatial elements into regression with categorical variables. This study compares the effectiveness of OLR and GWOLR in analyzing stunting prevalence in toddlers. Comparing OLR and GWOLR can help assess the spatial impact on stunting prevalence. This analysis could reveal that certain regions have a higher tendency for stunting prevalence, while others might have lower tendencies, thus helping in understanding regional disparities. Toddler height is a key indicator of health and nutrition in early growth. The prevalence of stunting for toddlers, according to WHO, is categorized into four levels: low, moderate, high, and very high. The Ordinal Logistic Regression model is better suited for modeling toddler stunting prevalence in Indonesia than the GWORL model. The Ordinal Logistic Regression model and the GWOLR both have a classification accuracy of 85.7%, but the OLR model has a lower AIC value. The GWOLR model is not suitable for analyzing stunting prevalence among Indonesian toddlers due to the lack of spatial variability in the data. The Breusch-Pagan test results indicate that there is no spatial heterogeneity in the data on stunting prevalence among Indonesian toddlers, as the p-value is less than the significance level of 0.05. The prevalence of undernourished toddlers is the main factor influencing stunting among Indonesian toddlers.
Numerical Simulation of Run-Up Wave Using Nonlinear Shallow Water Equations with Staggered Grid at Canti Beach, South Lampung
Authors: Noor Dear Michiko Mutiara , Faiqoh Maya Himmah , Fauzi Rifky
Published: December 2024

Tsunamis, wave triggered by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, can achieve significant run-up heights upon reaching shore. Run-up refers to the maximum vertical distance a tsunami wave reaches above the normal sea level. This study employs a numerical model to simulate the run-up wave at Canti Beach, South Lampung Regency, during the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami. The method approximates solutions to the shallow water model consisting of mass and momentum conservation equations using the finite difference method in staggered grid grids and incorporates the upwind method for nonlinear terms. Bathymetry data from GEBCO was projected in two dimensions using the haversine formula. The numerical scheme includes a wet-dry procedure for simulating run-up waves. Results indicate that waves with a 60-second period and 0.09-meter amplitude create a 40.0195-meter inundation area, although this amplitude is significantly lower than the observed data from the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami. Additionally, a simulation with a 0.1-meter amplitude results in a 1.8299-meter run-up height, closely matching the observed data. This study demonstrates that nonlinear shallow water equations can effectively estimate run-up height and inundation area at Canti Beach.
Effectiveness of Lime Leaves (Citrus aurantifolia) as a Natural Mosquito Repellent
Authors: Rahmi Garmini  , Rio Purnama
Published: December 2024

The tropical climate gives rise to various kinds of tropical diseases, one of which can be caused by mosquitoes. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness concentration of lime leaf extract (Citrus aurantifolia) in repelling the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The research method used was an experiment by observing the effect of lime leaf extract as a natural mosquito repellent. Data processing used the one way anova statistical test, namely by using treatment plus 1 control in each treatment with 3 repetitions of the experiment. The results of this research were that there were differences in the treatment of orange leaf extract with a p-value (0.0005). The conclusion of the research is that the significant extract group is the 60 mg - 40 mg, 60 mg - 50 mg treatment, meaning that 60 mg of orange leaf extract treatment is the most effective as a natural insecticide.
Optimization of Domestic Wastewater Treatment Using a Mixture of Coconut Shell Activated Carbon Adsorbent and Fly Ash
Authors: Oktaviansyah Ikbal , Erna Yuliwati  , Eko Ariyanto
Published: December 2024

Utilization of solid waste raw materials in the form of coconut shells and fly ash as adsrobents for domestic wastewater treatment. This study aims to optimize the effect of coconut shell activated carbon and fly ash with variations in mass ration and stirring time on changes in pH, COD, BOD, ammonia, TSS, and total coliform by adsorption on domestic liquid waste to meet waste quality standards. The research method includes the preparation of activated carbon from coconut shell, SEM characterization and experiments of a mixture of coconut shell activated carbon mass and fly ash (5:10, 10:5, 5:15, 15:5 grams) with variations in stirring time (30 minutes, 60 minutes). The results of the study, the most optimal mixture for changes in pH, ammonia, TSS, COD, BOD, total coliform parameters in domestic wastewater was a mixture of coconut shell activated carbon adsorbent mass of 15 grams and fly ash of 5 grams with a stirring time of 60 minutes.
Trace element composition of discordant zircon as a reflection of the fluid regime of paleoproterozoic granulite metamorphism (Khapchan terrane, Anabar shield)
Authors: Skublov S. G. , Gusev N. I. , Salimgaraeva L. I. , Romanova L. Yu.
Published: December 2024

New data on the U–Pb age (SHRIMP-II) and anomalous trace element composition (SIMS) of zircon from gneisses of the Khapchan Group of the Khapchan terrane of the Anabar Shield are presented. The gneisses contain igneous zircon with a core whose age is 1971 ± 19 Ma. During the main stage of granulite metamorphism, the igneous zircon cores became enriched in incompatible elements (Ca, Ti, Pb, Sr, Ba) and were surrounded by a new zircon population (black in the CL image). The REE distribution patterns in the recrystallized cores acquired a “bird’s wing” profile atypical for zircon. At the final stage of metamorphism, after the fluid lost its reactivity, a new population of zircon crystallized, less enriched in incompatible elements and with a typical REE patterns for granulite zircon. The horizontal pattern of HREE distribution is consistently repeated, which indicates the co-crystallization of zircon and garnet. The estimated crystallization temperature of the main part of zircon varies in a narrow range of 800–830 °C. All zircon domains in the Weserill diagram with concordia form a single trend with a zero lower intercept and a concordant upper intercept around 1920–1930 Ma. This value corresponds to the age of regional Paleoproterozoic granulite metamorphism. A unique feature of zircon from the Khapchan gneisses is that the zircon cores did not retain the age marks of the protolith, but were completely reset during metamorphism both in terms of the U–Pb system and the trace element composition, which can be explained by the exceptional intensity of the impact of fluid during metamorphism of the granulite facies, superimposed on the rocks of the Khapchan terrane of the Anabar Shield.
The effect of a magnetic field on the generation of free radicals in the interaction of quaternary ammonium compounds with hydroperoxides
Authors: Krugovov D. A. , Gatin A. K. , Potapova N. V. , Kondratovich V. G. , Mengele E. A. , Kasaikina O. T.
Published: December 2024

The magnetic effects (ME) of a moderate magnetic field (MF, 600 mT) on the rate of radical generation (Wi) in mixed micellar systems of quaternary ammonium compounds with hydroperoxides (QAC-ROOH), measured by the inhibitor method, and the effect of magnetic field on the rate of radical polymerization initiated by radicals, generated from the surface by QAC chemisorbed on a solid carrier upon interaction with hydroperoxide dissolved in the monomer are compared. It has been established that in micellar solutions MF reduces Wi, ME ≈ –0.45. In the case of radical polymerization of styrene containing cumyl hydroperoxide on the surface of mica plates with a chemisorbed monolayer of QAC (CTAB or ACh), the polymerization rate increases in MF.
Ignition of a gasless mixture array by a combustion wave
Authors: Aldushin A. P. , Krishenik P. M. , Rogachev S. A.
Published: December 2024

The methods of mathematical modeling have been used to explore the initiation of combustion of a large mass of a condensed mixture in local contact with the end face of the burning layer. It is shown that the minimum width of the igniting layer is proportional to the width of the thermal front of the combustion wave. The coefficient of proportionality is determined by the initial temperature, heat and activation energy of the reaction. The calculation results can be used to estimate the effective activation energy of the reaction that controls the combustion mechanism of gasless system.
Using the Rstudio Environment in Researching Problems in Mathematics, Physics and Economics
Authors: Yasinsky Andriy , Solovei Liudmyla
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the possibilities of using the RStudio environment to solve problems in mathematics, physics and economics. In particular, the emphasis is on the integration of statistical analysis tools, the use of a set of mathematical functions and operations that ensure efficiency and accuracy in calculations.
Research methods. An analysis of scientific papers, methodological recommendations and examples of RStudio application in various fields of knowledge related to mathematics, physics and economics was conducted, the functionality of the RStudio environment was tested on practical tasks, and the results obtained using RStudio were compared with the results obtained using other methods to assess the effectiveness of the environment.
The scientific novelty lies in the use of R functionality, which allows developing and implementing new methods and approaches to data analysis and solving scientific problems.
Conclusions. The RStudio environment demonstrates its effectiveness for solving problems in mathematics, physics and economics due to a wide range of functions for numerical modeling, statistical analysis and data visualization. Using RStudio allows you to significantly simplify the process of solving complex mathematical problems, in particular, it contributes to the integration of mathematical methods in the study of physical phenomena and economic processes, which allows you to form new approaches to data analysis and modeling.
RStudio can be used as an effective tool in education, contributing to the formation of analytical thinking and programming skills in students engaged in mathematical, physical and economic problems. In particular, the use of the Tukey criterion and the functions of the RStudio environment for comparing data in large arrays, such as the results of experiments or measurements. The results of the study confirm the feasibility of implementing RStudio in the practice of teaching and scientific research, and also indicate the need for further research into the capabilities of the environment in solving problems in scientific fields.
Towards the Structure of the Digital Competence of the Library Specialists
Authors: Tolmach Maryna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to present the structure of the digital competence of a library specialist, developed based on research of recommendations of specialised organisations and regulatory documents, European approaches to the development of digital competence frameworks, and the results of a survey of library specialists.
The research methodology is based on applying systemic, functional, acmeological, axiological and socio-communication approaches, which made it possible to scientifically understand the essence and structure of the formation of digital competence of library specialists. The theoretical methods of analysis and comparison helped to study the problem, clarify the essence of key concepts and determine the structure of the digital competence of library specialists; generalisation and systematisation were used to substantiate the components of digital competence.
The scientific novelty. The structure of the digital competence of a library specialist is defined, which takes into account overall digital competence, digital technologies for professional activities, support learning, teaching and research (in particular, promoting digital literacy and users digital inclusion, digital mentoring), the ability to digital transformation and professional development in the digital environment. The author presents the draft digital competence framework for library specialists, which can be considered for improvement in the draft framework published by the Ministry of Digital Transformation for public discussion.
Conclusions. The digital competence framework for library professionals can become the basis for an effective system of training and in-service training in digitalisation at different degrees of education, as well as a tool for effectively monitoring the level of digital competence among library staff. The presented draft digital competence framework for library professionals includes six areas (digital literacy; digital collections and resources; digital service, digital technologies and tools in professional activities; digital mentoring; digital leadership and professional development), thirty descriptors, and provides four levels of proficiency described by task complexity, autonomy, attitude, and cognitive domain. A comparison is made with the draft published by the Ministry of Digital Transformation in June 2024, along with recommendations for its improvement.
Digital Literacy as a Key Factor in the Preservation and Development of the Educational Process in Times of War
Authors: Khrushch Svitlana
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to explore the role of digital literacy in ensuring the continuity and quality of higher education during the war, to identify the main challenges facing the educational process in times of crisis, and to outline ways to effectively use digital technologies to expand educational opportunities. The article aims to substantiate the need to develop digital skills among students, teachers and administrators of higher education institutions as a tool for adapting to modern challenges under martial law.
The research methodology – systematic analysis, generalization, and forecasting were applied, which made it possible to identify opportunities and prospects for the introduction of digital technologies into the educational process in the wartime and post-war period.
The scientific novelty is to substantiate the definition of digital literacy as a strategic resource, to develop recommendations for improving the effectiveness of digital literacy in the educational process and the level of digital competence among students and teachers, taking into account the specifics of martial law and post-war reconstruction.
Conclusions. In today’s environment, digital literacy is an integral part of information security, data storage, and critical perception of information, and plays a key role in supporting and ensuring the educational process. Teaching basic digital literacy skills should remain a priority for society. The use of distance learning platforms, interactive tools, and cloud services has made it possible to continue learning even in the most difficult conditions. To overcome the digital divide, optimize educational processes and increase the level of digital skills, taking into account the conditions of the educational process in wartime, the following solutions are proposed: cooperation with local authorities and international organizations to expand access to high-speed Internet and technical equipment, especially in rural and remote regions; combining synchronous and asynchronous learning for the convenience of students; use of electronic platforms for distance learning; multimedia adaptation of educational content; and It is noted that the combination of innovative technologies and flexibility in teaching approaches will ensure a gradual reduction of the digital divide, optimization of the educational process and increase of the level of digital skills among students and teachers.
Developing an AI Tool for Forest Monitoring: Introducing SylvaMind AI
Authors: Keskes M.I. , Nita M.D.
Published: December 2024

Global forests face increasing threats from deforestation, biodiversity loss, and climate change, necessitating innovative tools for effective monitoring and management. Traditional forest monitoring methods, which rely heavily on manual fieldwork and labor-intensive data processing, are often inadequate for addressing the scale and complexity of these challenges. Advanced tools leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) and remote sensing have emerged as critical solutions, offering timely, accurate, and actionable insights to enable efficient ecosystem monitoring, threat detection, and sustainable management practices. This paper introduces SylvaMind AI, an advanced platform that integrates satellite imagery, deep learning frameworks, and geospatial analysis within a user-friendly interface, which was built using Python for backend systems and deep learning pipelines, alongside tools like Pandas, Rasterio, and TensorFlow for data preprocessing and predictive modelling. The platform processes high-resolution data from Sentinel-2 and Landsat missions for feature extraction and predictive modelling. SylvaMind AI offers two modelling approaches: an automated option for non-technical users and a customizable feature for researchers with specialized needs. Using these approaches, we developed a predictive canopy height model for a study area. The results demonstrated the platform's ability to capture underlying forest patterns and provide detailed insights into canopy height distribution, particularly for medium to high canopies (>25m). This underscores its strength in modeling structural complexity in dense forests. However, the model showed limitations in representing smaller trees, attributed to insufficient training data. SylvaMind AI holds immense potential in transforming forest monitoring by leveraging advanced geospatial data, AI, and intuitive design to address critical challenges in sustainable forest management.
Quantifying Forest Disturbances and Lanscape Level Over Half a Century Using Cold War SPY Satellite and Contemporary Imagery. Case Study Pecineagu Watershed, Romania
Authors: Nicolae I.A. , Nita M.D.
Published: December 2024

This study examines disturbances in the Pecineagu watershed forests over the last 50 years. The primary objective of this study is to comprehensively assess the intensity and consequences of canopy disturbances in the Pecineagu watershed forests over the past half-century. Utilizing meta-analysis and advanced remote sensing techniques, including satellite imagery from Corona Spy, Landsat, and Sentinel-2, we identified significant changes in forest cover and structure. The analysis revealed 142 hectares of disturbed forest between 1986 and 1996, with a notable portion undergoing clearcutting and afforestation. Despite these disturbances, our findings show high forest connectivity and low fragmentation, predominantly in the dominant forest layer. However, two areas, i.e. Berevoiu – Valea Coltilor and Manastire – Valea Comisului, experienced substantial fragmentation in different periods, indicating variable impacts across the watershed. These results underscore the importance of continuous monitoring and sustainable forest management to maintain forest connectivity and minimize fragmentation. The study also highlights the need for accurate data recording in forest management plans for effective resource management, offering crucial insights into forest conservation strategies amid environmental changes.
Performance Characteristics of Coatings Created with Alkyd and Oil- Based Materials in Wooden House Construction
Authors: Yaremchuk L. , Kushpit A. , Kopynets Z. , Mayevskyy V. , Ferents O.
Published: December 2024

The paper deals with the issues and study of the properties of varnish-and-paint materials which are used to create protective-anddecorative coatings for joinery and building structures. The article provides an examination of comparative studies on the qualitative characteristics of alkyd varnish (PF-283) and drying linseed. Changes in the drying time of linseed oil and alkyd (pentaphthalic) varnish are determined depending on the material consumption and drying temperature. The studies have shown that the drying rate of films at the same material consumption at temperatures of 50 and 80°С is practically the same and ranges from 80 to 114 minutes. The article also presents the results of studies on the performance properties of finishing materials (coating thickness, water and heat resistance). It was found that alkyd varnish-and-paint materials form a coating of greater film thickness and hardness. In terms of water-resistance and heat-resistance, coatings based on drying oils have higher performance indicators. Recommendations are given for the use of alkyd and oil-based varnish-and-paint materials for finishing joinery and building structures made of oak wood which are used in wooden house construction.
Identity Politics and Polarization in Contemporary Muslim Countries: The Impact of Elections, Social Media, and Global Dynamics
Authors: Helena Octavianne  , Fendy Suhariadi  , Mohammad Fakhruddin Mudzakkir  , Donny Trianto  , Umar Chamdan
Published: December 2024

This article examines the growing influence of identity politics and polarization in contemporary Muslim countries, focusing on the impact of elections, the widespread role of social media, and global dynamics. As political systems in the Muslim world become more fragmented, identity-based movements—often rooted in ethnic, religious, or sectarian affiliations—have gained significant prominence. These dynamics have heightened political polarization when intertwined with electoral processes, shaping voter behaviour and policymaking. The rise of social media has further transformed political engagement, both as a platform for grassroots activism and a tool for spreading misinformation that deepens societal divisions. This research uses a qualitative approach with literature analysis to explore the relationship between identity politics and polarization in contemporary Muslim countries, focusing on elections, social media, and global dynamics. The findings highlight the urgent need for effective strategies to reduce polarization and promote inclusive governance. Often fueled by identity-based divisions and amplified by social media, polarisation poses serious threats to political and social stability. In today's interconnected world, these divisions extend beyond local and national politics, influencing international relations and regional security. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that fosters open dialogue, strengthens democratic institutions, counters misinformation, and raises public awareness to bridge societal gaps. Inclusive governance also demands policies that engage marginalized groups, ensuring fair representation and addressing the root causes of polarization. By adopting these measures, Muslim-majority countries can work toward more excellent political stability and social cohesion.
COMMERCIAL BANKS OF UKRAINE DURING THE WAR: NEW TRENDS AND OLD PROBLEMS
Authors:   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, Zadoia Yurii A.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the activities of commercial
banks in Ukraine during the period of full-scale war. Its purpose is to identify new trends in
banking activity and substantiate recommendations for restructuring the work of banks and its
state regulation in the post-war period. During the study, a number of hypotheses were tested.
It is proved that despite the significant number of commercial banks in Ukraine, the banking
services market is actually oligopolistic. Taking into account the fact that state-owned banks,
whose share in the total assets of commercial banks reaches 56%, actually pursue a coordinated
policy and act as a single entity, the Herfindahl-Hirschman index for the banking sector of
Ukraine is more than 3000, which corresponds to an oligopolistic market. This situation is
justified for martial law, but it will require changes in the post-war period. The hypothesis
that the main factor affecting the size of commercial banks’ assets is monetary aggregates
was confirmed. The closest correlation was found between the size of assets and the monetary
aggregate M2. This gives reason to recommend regulating this monetary aggregate as a tool
for state regulation of banking assets. During the full-scale war, the tendency to change the
structure of banking assets, which originated back in 2020, intensified. A sharp decrease in
the share of loans granted was noted, while the share of debt securities, mainly government
bonds, increased. On the one hand, this is evidence of the success of the implementation of
government programs to attract funds from commercial banks for borrowing and covering
the state budget deficit, and on the other hand, it distracts the banking system from fulfilling
its main function - mobilizing temporarily free funds and providing loans. The high yield of
government bonds, the NBU discount rate, which significantly exceeds the inflation rate, make
loans inaccessible to business. And since other components of the market infrastructure (for
example, joint investment institutions) are underdeveloped in Ukraine, business is actually
deprived of the opportunity to attract funds for the implementation of investment projects.
A study of the dynamics of bank performance indicators (ROA, ROE) for the period from
2008 to 2024 showed that after the banking crisis of 2015-2018, when the banking system
as a whole operated at a loss, in the following years the situation not only stabilized, but
also demonstrated that banks received excess profits. This is again a consequence of high
interest rates on government securities and the concentration of profits in state-owned banks.
Substantiated proposals for changes in state policy in the post-war period, which should revive
the lending activities of commercial banks.
OVERVIEW OF TRAILED VEHICLE DESIGNS FOR TRANSPORTATION OF LARGE-SIZED AND HEAVY BUILDING EQUIPMENT AND ANALYSIS OF THEIR PARAME-TERS
Authors: Dyachenko Oleksandr , Balaka Maxim , Kapusta Olga , Chernenko Anastasia
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the processes of processing construction waste into secondary raw ma-terials will only increase over the years due to the increasing number of outdated or destroyed buildings that are not suitable for further operation. The processing of concrete into secondary crushed stone includes such processes as separation, sorting and grinding, which are performed directly at the places of construction waste generation. For their implementation, it is necessary to deliver specialized mobile crushing and sorting plants, which belong to large-sized and heavy equipment. Special technical means for oversized and heavy loads are used to transport mobile crushing and sorting plants, as well as other specialized equipment. The most suitable means for transporting such cargoes are trailed vehicles, namely trawls. Trawlers are manu-factured in the form of trailers or semi-trailers, which differ in the number of axles, load capacity class, height and method of loading, type of suspension, etc. In the work, an overview of the existing designs of trailer vehicles for the transportation of large-sized and heavy loads was performed, and their parameters were analyzed. According to the obtained results, it was determined that within the same load capacity class, trawls differ in terms of total weight, platform length, loading height, metal capacity of the structure and other parameters. The advantages and disadvantages of various layout schemes of road trains (tractor and trailer) are determined. Knowledge of the constructions of these vehicles, their parameters and operational features allows you to make a choice in accordance with the conditions of transportation, characteristics of the cargo, the distance of transportation and routes.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF ROAD EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE ON THE EFFICIENCY OF ITS USE
Authors: Nazarenko Ivan , Nechiporuk Victor , Tkachuk Vadim
Published: December 2024

The paper assesses the impact of road machinery performance on the efficiency of its use. It is accepted that the main operational parameters of road equipment for analyzing the technical condition and degree of use of machines include productivity, efficiency index, time for the technological process and losses. The influence of productivity on the strategy of machine operation, as one of the main parameters of the roadway arrangement process, is considered provided that road machines have not only different productivity, but also different rates of its change during operation. The analysis of the given dependencies and the given conditions for changing productivity has shown the impact of increasing and decreasing the rate of productivity decline on the optimal service life of the equipment. These results confirm the extremely important importance of measures aimed at maintaining high machine performance during their operation. The components of machine operating time are analyzed. It was found that the useful or effective working time is an estimated value that is the required time for a given volume of production at reference performance, that is, without loss of productivity and quality. The methods of monitoring the technical condition and the degree of use of road equipment in road construction are analyzed.
TECHNOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES OF PLANTS FOR PLASMA-CHEMICAL PYROLYSISOF MEDICAL WASTE
Authors: Vashchenko Volodymyr , Corduba Iryna , Nancy Mahmoud Hafez , Negoda Nazarii
Published: December 2024

The protection of the environment and human health from the negative impact of waste, in particular medical and pharmaceutical waste, is a priority in the field of waste management. The term "medical waste" defines the full range of all categories and types of medical waste (MW) that are classified as hazardous in Ukraine. The unrestrained growth of the amount and rate of production of hazardous medical waste in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war (MW) critically exacerbates the environmental situation in Ukraine. However, existing methods and technological means are not able to ensure their complete environmentally safe processing and utilization. The article analyzes the peculiarities of the method of incineration of medical, pharmaceutical and hospital waste. It is demonstrated that plasma arc technologies and plasma-chemical pyrolysis technologies are well-proven and commercially attractive for their application on an industrial scale, including in the medical field, for the disposal, recycling and destruction of hazardous waste. The incineration of medical waste in the open air or in incinerators has temperature limits of no more than 500 oC. The paper considers the technology of plasma-chemical pyrolysis at 1100-1250 oC as a high-temperature alternative to medical waste incineration, which is implemented in the form of a mobile plasma pyrolysis unit "Plazmon-3 , developed and created on the basis of the domestic plasma generator PUN-1. The advantages of using high-temperature plasma-chemical pyrolysis are shown, which make it, in terms of environmental safety, beyond the competition and, unlike smoke-emitting analogues, plasma-chemical pyrolysis technologies destroy medical waste without forming environmentally hazardous residues
STUDY OF THE DYNAMICS OF A VIBRATION MACHINE CONSIDERING THE INFLUENCE OF THE PROCESSING MEDIUM
Authors: Dedov Oleh , Slyusar Volodymyr , Bondarenko Andrii , Ladkin Petro , Pohrebach Oleksii
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the results of studying the dynamics of a vibration machine, takinginto account its interaction with the processing medium based on representing the medium as a continuoussystem. The application of the complex number method significantly simplifies the formation of equations ofmotion for the discrete-continuous system, which is a computational model of the vibration system "machinemedium."The study substantiates and develops a method for considering the mutual influence of the machineand the processing medium, based on representing the medium as a continuous system. The dynamicsof the vibration system "machine-medium" is studied, and oscillation parameters are determined withoutconsidering resistance forces. It is found that the overall motion of the vibration system is described by fourcomponents. The first three describe the natural oscillations of the system, of which the first two are determinedonly by initial conditions, and the third reflects the accompanying oscillations caused by the externalforce applied to the system. The last component defines the forced oscillations following the external force'schange law. This result shows that the oscillations of the vibration system are not strictly harmonic, which isconfirmed by the provided graphs. The dynamics of the "machine-medium" vibration system, consideringresistance forces, are studied, and analytical dependencies for determining oscillation amplitudes and natural and resonant frequencies are obtained. The results of the amplitude calculations of the vibration platform forvarious heights of compacted concrete mixtures reveal the influence of the resistance coefficient and theratio of oscillation frequency to the wave propagation speed in the mixture. Analysis of the obtained graphsshows that the resistance coefficient has a different effect on the amplitude of oscillations for different heightsof the compacting mixture. Certain mixture height zones of the vibration system "machine-medium" operatein a near-resonant mode. A significant influence on the amplitude is exerted by the wave propagation speed,which is included in the analytical formulas for determining the numerical values of the coefficients accountingfor reactive and active components of resistance.
A Rare Case Report on Jaundice, Alcoholic Liver Disease with a History of Herbal Medicine Induced Liver Injury
Authors: G Varsha
Published: December 2024

Background: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a complex condition caused by excessive alcohol consumption, affecting fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Risk factors include alcohol intake, genetic predisposition, and co-existing liver conditions. Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) accumulates excessive fat in the liver, leading to steatosis and fibrosis. ALD complications include portal hypertension, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The use of herbal medicines, such as tamarind and neem extracts, is also concerning due to potential liver damage. Increased awareness and caution are needed from patients and healthcare providers.
Case report: A 33-year-old male patient presented with symptoms including right hypochondrium pain, yellowish discoloration of the sclera, fever, decreased urine output, light yellow tongue, and generalized weakness. He was a chronic alcoholic, consuming various alcoholic beverages for 15 years. His dietary routine was mixed, but he preferred non-vegetarian foods. His family suggested he consume traditional herbal medicine to treat jaundice. After collecting his history, lab tests were conducted to confirm his diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) with herbal medicine-induced liver (DILI). LFT tests were alarming, and he was diagnosed with alcoholic liver disease with jaundice and DILI due to herbal medicine. To improve his symptoms and prevent liver failure complications, he was prescribed a list of medications to improve his symptoms and to prevent complications of liver failure. 
Discussion: A holistic treatment approach is needed for patients with alcoholic liver disease and herbal medicine-induced liver injury, focusing on symptom relief, liver function enhancement, and complication prevention. This includes lifestyle changes, nutritional support, and managing potential issues. Regular monitoring is crucial for adjustments.
Conclusion: This case report highlights the complex relationship between alcoholic liver disease and herbal medicine-induced liver injury, especially in jaundice cases. It emphasizes the need for thorough patient histories, increased awareness of hepatotoxic potential, and educating patients about alcohol and herbal supplement risks. It calls for multidisciplinary collaboration, enhanced regulation, and safety evaluations of herbal medicines to protect public health. It also underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and monitoring patients with liver injury histories.

Keywords: ALD, Herbal medicine, DILI, Liver failure, Patient care
The EU’s Answer to the Migration Crisis
Authors: Tánczos Mariann
Published: December 2024

Over the past decades, the Member States of the European Union have increasingly become migration destination countries. This trend was reinforced by the migration and refugee crisis of 2015–16, which forced the European Community to reform its migration policy. However, reforming this policy area of shared competence has been more challenging than expected. The Council of the European Union adopted the New Pact on Migration and Asylum in May 2024. However, this act was a long time in the making and the undertaking is far from complete. This study, based on a literature review and document analysis, examines the process leading to the creation of the New Pact up until the decision of the Council of the EU.
Is There a Central European Fertility Paradox?
Authors: Varga Zsoltné Szalai Piroska
Published: December 2024

Even today, some people believe that fewer children are being born because women have gone out to work, and that fertility would improve if women were allowed to stay at home. The experience of the last 60–70 years in Hungary and Central Europe is quite the opposite. Starting from this paradox, in the present research I sought to find out how fertility in the European Union and in the Member States is related to women’s participation in the labour market and to the financial situation of families.The study shows that over the period 2009–2022, female employment rates are correlated with fertility in all Member States, with 19 countries showing a strong correlation, nine with a positive correlation and ten with a negative correlation. In the Eastern Bloc countries, Germany, Portugal, Greece and Austria, the fertility rate and female employment are positively correlated, while in the other countries the correlation is inverted.Since the correlation only shows the strength and direction of the relationship, to find out which of the factors in the relationship cause the change in fertility, I performed a Granger causality analysis. The excess of the relative income poverty rate of those living in households with children over those without children was found to be causally related to fertility in most places, in 9 countries and in the European Union as a whole. In seven countries (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Portugal, Romania and Slovenia), low levels of excess child poverty are associated with higher fertility, and the opposite is true in Ireland and Italy. This was the only causal connection when looking at the 27 EU countries as a unit.
Scientific mapping of the use of lecithin in breast cancer therapy
Authors: Leite Girlane Castro Costa , Leite Gilson Carlos Castro Costa , Dendasck Carla Viana
Published: December 2024

Lecithin, a natural phospholipid, possesses health-beneficial properties, recognized for its potential in breast cancer treatment. In recent years, it has been utilized in systems to enhance chemotherapy effectiveness, increase tumor penetration, and reduce side effects, offering less invasive and economically viable treatments. The aim of this study was to identify publication trends and patterns, leading journals, prominent authors, frequent keywords, and the influence of collaboration among researchers and institutions in scientific production on the topic. Employing a scientometrics approach, the study involved rigorous criteria for material search and selection to ensure data quality. A total of 241 studies were identified, with 81 selected after detailed filtering. Results indicate a rise in publications post-2012, peaking in 2020. 411 authors were identified, with Le, Ngoc Thuy Trang standing out, alongside three high-impact factor journals dominating the field. Strong collaboration among researchers and institutions was observed. Results were interpreted and discussed within the broader context of scientometrics. The study faced limitations, such as exclusive use of Bibliometrix potentially restricting analysis scope, and reliance on different databases yielding incomplete information. This study suggests future research to explore other natural substances with therapeutic potential and develop new methodologies to optimize drug delivery.
O direito de propriedade e a possibilidade jurídica do reconhecimento da usucapião pela via extrajudicial
Authors: Diogo Ariane Teixeira
Published: December 2024

Este estudo pretende abordar o direito de propriedade e a possibilidade jurídica do reconhecimento da propriedade através da usucapião extrajudicial. Discutindo diretamente a questão central reflete-se sobre a eficácia legal de utilizar de um mecanismo extrajudicial para retirar da órbita de direitos do proprietário a coisa, visto que, o direito de propriedade é, antes de tudo, uma garantia fundamental de direito do indivíduo, consagrado constitucionalmente. Para realizar tamanha pretensão, baseando-se na pesquisa bibliográfica, com o levantamento dos principais pontos discutidos pela doutrina, jurisprudências, na seleção de periódicos jurídicos, congressos e demais espaços de debate em que prevalece o direito civil. Se socorre ainda da lei, como fonte primordial para definir as limitações do exercício da livre vontade na vida civil. Tudo isso, como recursos para abordar, definir e problematizar o reconhecimento da usucapião extrajudicial como medida expropriatória legítima.
Transplante de fígado no Paraná: análise dos desfechos em uma instituição
Authors: Silveira Fabio , Silveira Fábio Porto , Silveira Cassia Regina Sbrissia , Facchi Tatiana Luisa Shibata , Itinose Kengi , Ruzzon Arthur
Published: December 2024

O estudo investiga a efetividade das estratégias de transplante de fígado em um serviço do Paraná, considerando a escassez de órgãos e o aumento da demanda. Assim, esta investigação como objetivo descrever e analisar estratégias para mitigar a escassez de órgãos e avaliar os resultados do transplante. Um estudo observacional retrospectivo abrange 286 transplantes de fígado entre novembro de 2015 e março de 2024. Os resultados revelaram aumento da sobrevida em 90 dias (de 70% para 89%) e classificação do serviço como nível A pelo Ministério da Saúde. Estratégias como expansão do acesso e utilização de doadores com critérios expandidos foram efetivas, resultando em mais beneficiários e aumento do número de transplantes realizados. O estudo destaca a importância do gerenciamento de risco para melhorias contínuas no transplante de fígado, indicando que tais estratégias podem reduzir a discrepância entre oferta e demanda dessa modalidade no Paraná.