bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Law Students’ perceptions about online instruction of professional foreign language course during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: ATAY Ferzan , MAHMODİ Amirreza
Published: February 2021

This study examined Law students’ perceptions about integrating technology and online instruction of Professional Foreign Language Course during COVID-19 pandemic. For this aim, 91 third-year and 86 fourth-year students were selected to participate in this study. They were required to answer an open-ended questionnaire regarding their insights about online education and its differences with traditional education. By collecting and analysing the qualitative data, it was revealed that 77% of the participants had negative attitudes towards online education. These participants reported that online education was challenging for them. The most challenging factors for the participants of this study were the lack of self-reliance and self-confidence, being stressful about losing family members, lack of immediate feedback from their instructor, being interrupted by their family members, Lack of concentration because of distraction by phone and other online applications, having technical problems, being stressful because of financial problems, and lack of group work. The findings also illustrated that 33% of the participants had positive attitudes towards online education of their course and found it satisfying means of education. Most of these participants stated that under favour of online education they could feel themselves as an independent learner, did not waste their time and money, had more contact with their instructor, also, online education brought technological facilities to their course, and finally they felt stress-free and confident.
A Review on Self Cleaning and Tracking of Photovoltaic Panel
Authors: P Adithya , Awate Harsha , L Nikitha , H S Vidhyashree , Praveen P
Published: February 2021

Solar panels are used to convert the energy from sunlight to electrical energy. The different impacts on the solar panel which influences the productivity of the solar panel are Sun movement and dirt which generate the fundamental impact on solar panel. Because of those impacts, less yield generated by solar panel so to increase the effectiveness of the solar panel is by utilizing tracking and cleaning technique. There is a framework which is mix of tracking and cleaning. In this cutting-edge world, power is likewise added to the most fundamental requirements in everybody's day to day existence. With the expanding request of power, destruction of the natural resources is done and will be used for energy generation. To adjust the shortage of natural resources unconventional fuels are used for power generation and are used by the most part of world. Among all the unconventional fuel sources, power created by solar panel energy is broadly utilized. The abundancy of this type of energy is more all around the earth. A framework which tracks sun as well as automatic washing of solar panel with automated instructions is required. The instrument requires a LDR for following the sun and for cleaning wiper module is required. Regarding every day energy production, the sun tracking - cum cleaning plan gives more energy output when contrasted with the fixed PV module. Without this framework this cleaning work is done by man force which is good for small scale but for large scale like power plant it is very difficult. Then led display is required to display the result of the framework.
Espíritu vs. alma espiritual
Authors: Castellet i Sala Jordi
Published: February 2021

El debate en torno a la antropología aborda aquí una cuestión de categorías fundamentales en torno a la estructura básica del ser humano: hombre y mujer, niño y anciano. La terminología articulada por la categoría «espíritu - pneuma» abre las posibilidades de una nueva comprensión ante los retos planteados por las ciencias experimentales, la ética, la moral, incluso la religión. El esquema diádico «cuerpo y alma» se muestra agotado ante los callejones sin salida con los que se ha encontrado al llegar hasta nuestros días. Por este motivo, el artículo defiende poder recuperar la antropología brotando de los datos de la revelación judeocristiana, tomados como auténticos y válidos para vehicular la verdad de la realidad humana. En efecto, resulta necesario recuperar la originalidad de la estructura triádica de espíritu, alma y cuerpo, presentada por el apóstol Pablo, de forma totalmente inesperada en su primera carta a los Tesalonicenses (1Te 5,23).
Pódcast y educación moral: dar la palabra a los estudiantes
Authors: Buxarrais Estrada María Rosa , Farias Levy
Published: February 2021

El presente ensayo aborda un tema escasamente explorado: el uso del pódcast en los campos de la educación moral y ciudadana, educación en valores, o educación del carácter. Para ello primero sintetiza la literatura disponible sobre los pódcast educativos (beneficios, principales géneros, producción, etc.). Luego analiza dos estrategias complementarias para aplicar los pódcasts a la educación moral: enfatizar los contenidos y enfatizar los procesos. Especial atención se presta a esta última, subrayando la importancia de la participación activa de los estudiantes como podcasters o creadores de contenidos, de acuerdo a los desafíos propios de los distintos niveles educativos.
Aproximación a las pedagogías emergentes en ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje
Authors: Lecaros Palma Octavio
Published: February 2021

Este resumen recoge algunos de los temas tratados en el curso de actualización de mi práctica docente “Pedagogías emergentes en ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje”, que revisa muchas Metodologías activas para el aprendizaje, Evaluación de estas y algunas sobre Ética, Educación y Tecnología.
 
En forma especial considera brevemente el uso de las TIC como herramienta cognitiva aplicada a la investigación la que nos exige como docentes un estudio muy acabado de éstas para que los estudiantes puedan disponer de estas amplificadoras de la mente, que estimulen el pensamiento crítico y puedan construir nuevo conocimiento a través de la retroalimentación colaborativa, aún en entornos de incertidumbre muy complejos con una participación social interactiva.
 
Aprender en tiempos virtuales de aprendizaje es un trabajo extenso pues considera una visión desde Platón, Aristóteles hasta la Inteligencia artificial de nuestros días. El profesor que era el poseedor del conocimiento, hoy en la práctica llega a ser solamente un guía, siempre presente, que observa, propone y estimula al estudiante a través de nuevas y diferentes tecnologías de aprendizaje, así como también aplica nuevas técnicas de la evaluación de este.
A Review of Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output for 5G Communication: Benefits and Challenges
Authors: Nilofer Shaik
Published: February 2021

Massive MIMO (mMIMO) systems become a primary advantage to overcome the problem of bandwidth restrictions. It improves the channel capacity of remote systems.The paper reviews about mMIMO systems. mMIMO consists of several number of antennas at base station (BS) which improves spectrum efficacy. The extra benefit of the mMIMO system is that the components cost is low because of utilization of less power components. The paper also discusses about the channel estimation at the BS and generally time division mode (TDD) is assumed for mMIMO systems. The paper also discusses system model, benefits for 5G wireless communication and its challenges.
Measurement report: Vertical distribution of biogenic and
anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols in the urban boundary
layer over Beijing during late summer
Authors: Ren Hong , Hu Wei , Wei Lianfang , Yue Siyao , Zhao Jian , Li Linjie , Wu Libin , Zhao Wanyu , Ren Lujie , Kang Mingjie , Xie Qiaorong , Su Sihui , Pan Xiaole , Wang Zifa , Sun Yele , Kawamura Kimitaka , Fu Pingqing
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosols (SOA) play a significant role in atmospheric chemistry. However, little is known about the vertical profiles of SOA in the urban boundary layer (UBL). This gap in the knowledge constrains the SOA simulation in chemical transport models. Here, we synchronously collected aerosol samples at 8 m, 120 m and 260 m based on a 325-m meteorological tower in urban Beijing from August 15th to September 10th, 2015. Strict emission controls were implemented during this period for the 2015 China Victory Day Parade. The sum of biogenic SOA tracers increased with height. The fraction of SOA from isoprene oxidation increased, whereas the fraction of monoterpene and sesquiterpene SOA decreased with height. The 2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acid (DHOPA), one tracer of anthropogenic SOA from toluene oxidation, also increased with height. The complicated vertical profiles of SOA tracers highlighted the needs to measure SOA within the UBL. The sum of estimated secondary organic carbon (SOC) ranged from 341 to 673 ngC m−3. The increase in the SOC fraction from isoprene and toluene with height was found to be more related to regional transport whereas the decrease in the SOC from monoterpene and sesquiterpene with height was more subject to local emissions. Emission controls during the parade reduced SOC by 4–35 % with toluene SOC decreasing more than the other SOC. This study demonstrates that vertical distributions of SOA within the UBL are complex, and the vertical profiles of SOA concentrations and sources should be considered in the future field and modelling studies.
Sulfuric acid–amine nucleation in urban Beijing
Authors: Cai Runlong , Yan Chao , Yang Dongsen , Yin Rujing , Lu Yiqun , Deng Chenjuan , Fu Yueyun , Ruan Jiaxin , Li Xiaoxiao , Kontkanen Jenni , Zhang Qiang , Kangasluoma Juha , Ma Yan , Hao Jiming , Worsnop Douglas R. , Bianchi Federico , Paasonen Pauli , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Liu Yongchun , Wang Lin , Zheng Jun , Kulmala Markku , Jiang Jingkun
Published: February 2021

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) is one of the major sources of atmospheric ultrafine particles. Due to the high aerosol and trace gas concentrations, the mechanism and governing factors for NPF in the polluted atmospheric boundary layer may be quite different from those in clean environments, which is however less understood. Herein, based on long-term atmospheric measurements from January 2018 to March 2019 in Beijing, the nucleation mechanism and the influences of H2SO4 concentration, amine concentrations, and aerosol concentration on NPF are quantified. The
collision of H2SO4–amine clusters is found to be the dominating mechanism to initialize NPF in urban Beijing. The coagulation scavenging due to the high aerosol concentration is a governing factor as it limits the concentration of H2SO4–amine clusters and new particle formation rates. The formation of H2SO4–amine clusters in Beijing is sometimes limited by low amine concentrations. Summarizing the synergistic effects of H2SO4 concentration, amine concentrations, and aerosol concentration, we elucidate the governing factors for H2SO4–amine nucleation for various conditions.
Direct inversion of circulation from tracer measurements – Part 2: Sensitivity studies and model recovery tests
Authors: von Clarmann Thomas , Grabowski Udo
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The direct inversion of the 2D continuity equation allows for the inference of
the effective meridional transport of trace gases in the middle stratosphere.
This method exploits the information given by both the displacement of
patterns in measured trace gas distributions and the approximate balance
between sinks and horizontal as well as vertical advection. Model recovery
tests show that with the current setup of the algorithm, this method
reliably reproduces the circulation patterns in the entire analysis domain
from 6 to 66 km altitude. Due to the regularization of the inversion,
velocities above about 30 km are more likely under- than overestimated.
This is explained by the fact that the measured trace gas distributions
at higher altitudes generally contain less information and that the
regularization of the inversion pushes results towards 0. Weaker
regularization would in some cases allow a more accurate recovery of the
velocity fields, but there is a price to pay in that the risk of
convergence failure increases. No instance was found where the algorithm
generated artificial patterns not present in the reference fields. Most
information on effective velocities above 50 km is included in measurements
of CH4, CO, H2O, and N2O, while CFC-11, HCFC-22, and CFC-12 constrain
the inversion most efficiently in the middle stratosphere. H2O is a
particularly important tracer in the upper troposphere or lower stratosphere.
SF6 and CCl4 generally contain less information but still contribute to
the reduction in the estimated uncertainties. With these tests, the reliability
of the method has been established.
Effects of multi-charge on aerosol hygroscopicity measurement by a HTDMA
Authors: Shen Chuanyang , Zhao Gang , Zhao Chunsheng
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The humidified tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) is
widely used to measure the hygroscopic properties of submicron particles. The
size-resolved aerosol hygroscopicity κ measured by a HTDMA will be
influenced by the contribution of multiply charged aerosols, but this effect on field measurements
has seldom been discussed for previous field measurements. Our calculations
demonstrate that the number ratio of multiply charged particles is
quite considerable for some specific sizes between 100 and 300 nm, especially
during a pollution episode. The presence of multiple charges will lead to a
compression effect on the aerosol hygroscopicity in HTDMA measurements.
Therefore, we propose a new algorithm that performs multi-charge correction of
the size-resolved hygroscopicity κ, taking both the compression
effect and the multi-charge number contribution into consideration. Application of the algorithm to field
measurements showed that the relatively high hygroscopicity in the
accumulation size range leads to the overestimation of the
hygroscopicity of particles smaller than 200 nm. The low hygroscopicity of coarse-mode
particles leads to the underestimation of the hygroscopicity of accumulation particles between
200 and 500 nm in size. The difference between the corrected and measured κ values
can be as large as 0.05, highlighting that special attention must be
paid to the multi-charge effect when a HTDMA is used for aerosol
hygroscopicity measurements.
Ship- and island-based atmospheric soundings from the 2020 EUREC4A field campaign
Authors: Stephan Claudia Christine , Schnitt Sabrina , Schulz Hauke , Bellenger Hugo , de Szoeke Simon P. , Acquistapace Claudia , Baier Katharina , Dauhut Thibaut , Laxenaire Rémi , Morfa-Avalos Yanmichel , Person Renaud , Quiñones Meléndez Estefanía , Bagheri Gholamhossein , Böck Tobias , Daley Alton , Güttler Johannes , Helfer Kevin C. , Los Sebastian A. , Neuberger Almuth , Röttenbacher Johannes , Raeke Andreas , Ringel Maximilian , Ritschel Markus , Sadoulet Pauline , Schirmacher Imke , Stolla M. Katharina , Wright Ethan , Charpentier Benjamin , Doerenbecher Alexis , Wilson Richard , Jansen Friedhelm , Kinne Stefan , Reverdin Gilles , Speich Sabrina , Bony Sandrine , Stevens Bjorn
Published: February 2021

Abstract. To advance the understanding of the interplay among clouds, convection, and circulation, and its role in climate change, the Elucidating the role of clouds–circulation coupling in climate campaign (EUREC4A) and Atlantic Tradewind Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Interaction Campaign (ATOMIC) collected measurements in the western tropical Atlantic during January and February 2020.
Upper-air radiosondes were launched regularly (usually 4-hourly) from a network consisting of the Barbados Cloud Observatory (BCO) and four ships within 6–16∘ N, 51–60∘ W.
From 8 January to 19 February, a total of 811 radiosondes measured wind, temperature, and relative humidity. In addition to the ascent, the descent was recorded for 82 % of the soundings.
The soundings sampled changes in atmospheric pressure, winds, lifting condensation level, boundary layer depth, and vertical distribution of moisture associated with different ocean surface conditions, synoptic variability, and mesoscale convective organization.
Raw (Level 0), quality-controlled 1 s (Level 1), and vertically gridded (Level 2) data in NetCDF format (Stephan et al., 2020) are available to the public at AERIS (https://doi.org/10.25326/137).
The methods of data collection and post-processing for the radiosonde data set are described here.
Production and application of manure nitrogen and phosphorus in the United States since 1860
Authors: Bian Zihao , Tian Hanqin , Yang Qichun , Xu Rongting , Pan Shufen , Zhang Bowen
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Livestock manure nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) play an important
role in biogeochemical cycling. Accurate estimation of manure nutrient is
important for assessing regional nutrient balance, greenhouse gas emission,
and water environmental risk. Currently, spatially explicit manure nutrient
datasets over a century-long period are scarce in the United States (US).
Here, we developed four datasets of annual animal manure N and P production
and application in the contiguous US at a 30 arcsec resolution over
the period of 1860–2017. The dataset combined multiple data sources
including county-level inventory data as well as high-resolution livestock
and crop maps. The total production of manure N and P increased from 1.4 Tg N yr−1 and 0.3 Tg P yr−1 in 1860 to 7.4 Tg N yr−1 and 2.3 Tg P yr−1 in 2017, respectively. The increasing manure nutrient production
was associated with increased livestock numbers before the 1980s and
enhanced livestock weights after the 1980s. The manure application amount
was primarily dominated by production, and its spatial pattern was impacted
by the nutrient demand of crops. The intense-application region mainly
enlarged from the Midwest toward the southern US and became more
concentrated in numerous hot spots after the 1980s. The South Atlantic–Gulf and Mid-Atlantic basins were exposed to high environmental risks due to the
enrichment of manure nutrient production and application from the 1970s to
the period of 2000–2017. Our long-term manure N and P datasets provide
detailed information for national and regional assessments of nutrient
budgets. Additionally, the datasets can serve as the input data for
ecosystem and hydrological models to examine biogeochemical cycles in
terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Datasets are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.919937 (Bian et
al., 2020).
Determination of vadose zone and saturated zone nitrate lag times using long-term groundwater monitoring data and statistical machine learning
Authors: Wells Martin J. , Gilmore Troy E. , Nelson Natalie , Mittelstet Aaron , Böhlke John K.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. In this study, we explored the use of statistical machine learning and long-term groundwater nitrate monitoring data to estimate vadose zone and saturated zone lag times in an irrigated alluvial agricultural setting. Unlike most previous statistical machine learning studies that sought to predict groundwater nitrate concentrations within aquifers, the focus of this study was to leverage available groundwater nitrate concentrations and other environmental variables to determine mean regional vertical velocities (transport rates) of water and solutes in the vadose zone and saturated zone (3.50 and 3.75 m yr−1, respectively). The statistical machine learning results are consistent with two primary recharge processes in this western Nebraska aquifer, namely (1) diffuse recharge from irrigation and precipitation across the landscape and (2) focused recharge from leaking irrigation conveyance canals. The vadose zone mean velocity yielded a mean recharge rate (0.46 m yr−1) consistent with previous estimates from groundwater age dating in shallow wells (0.38 m yr−1). The
saturated zone mean velocity yielded a recharge rate (1.31 m yr−1) that was more consistent with focused recharge from leaky irrigation canals, as indicated by previous results of groundwater age dating in intermediate-depth wells (1.22 m yr−1). Collectively, the statistical machine learning model results are consistent with previous observations of relatively high water fluxes and short transit times for water and nitrate in the primarily oxic aquifer. Partial dependence plots from the model indicate a sharp threshold in which high groundwater nitrate concentrations are mostly associated with total travel times of 7 years or less, possibly reflecting some combination of recent management practices and a tendency for nitrate concentrations to be higher in diffuse infiltration recharge than in canal leakage water. Limitations to the machine learning approach include the non-uniqueness of different transport rate combinations when comparing model performance and highlight the need to corroborate statistical model results with a robust conceptual model and complementary information such as groundwater age.
Socially Constructed Teacher Professionalism: An Historical Analysis of Teacher Education Reform Policies of Canadian Case
Authors: Yang Qiguang , Zhu Chunjie
Published: February 2021

Employing comparative historical method, this study provides an account of reforms and policies in teacher education from 1970s to the present in Alberta, Canada. In particular, this article tracks how teacher professionalism has been conceptualized and enacts over different historical periods in Alberta, and reveals that teacher professionalism, as a socially constructed concept, has taken on different interpretations from “de-professionalism” to “re-professionalism” in Canada historical contexts. Alberta’s teacher education policy has been usually used as a dynamic instrument to shape the paradigms of the concept of teacher professionalism. This analysis has also supported the claim that government-led teacher education reform has been accorded the key political significance in Canada. As a whole, the teacher education reform in Alberta area provides a useful concrete understanding and offers international lessons outside of Canada in how historical context influences the reform of teacher professional development.
Negotiating the Cultural Terrain in Transforming Classrooms—The LEAP MODEL
Authors: Kapofu Lifeas Kudakwashe
Published: February 2021

This study recentres the sociocultural in culturally transforming pedagogic settings whilst foregrounding culturally responsive teaching (CRT). Through a protracted anthropological excavation, teachers’ experiences in a culturally diverse integrated high school were explored and interpreted vis-à-vis tenets and precepts of CRT. Findings from observation and interviews indicate that the pedagogic settings as structured by the teachers were not attendant to the aspirations of CRT and teacher practices were not reflective of dispositions of CRT. Teachers professed negative experiences of the pedagogic setting, demonstrated and professed limited knowledge of the cultural being of their learners. The findings highlighted the need for micro-context cultural excavations to remedy socioculturally detached teaching. Cognisant of the emergent need for a learning tool, the LEAP model is proposed premised on centering the humanistic world of the learners and the inherent currency in their culture for progressive teaching and learning engagements.
English as a Foreign Language Reading Anxiety of Chinese University Students
Authors: Miao Qing Qing , Vibulphol Jutarat
Published: February 2021

Given the impact of anxiety on foreign language reading, understanding how English as a Foreign Language (EFL) reading anxiety is evoked would help teachers facilitate their students in the reading process effectively. This study aimed at investigating the sources of EFL reading anxiety of Chinese university students. The data were collected from 459 non-English major students from four different universities in China, using an adapted version of English as a Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Inventory (EFLRAI) developed by Zoghi (2012). The findings showed that the participants experienced the moderate level of EFL reading anxiety overall and also categorically. The main source of anxiety was from the lack of general reading ability. Of the three key factors that seemed to arouse higher levels of anxiety than the others, one related to the general reading ability and the other two were vocabulary-related factors. Chinese university students tended to read for details and seemed to get highly anxious when they did not understand ‘everything’. These findings lend suggestions to some interventions that English teachers may use to reduce Chinese university students’ anxiety when reading.
From Attention to Action: Entrepreneurial Networks and Performance of Women-Owned Enterprises: A Theoretical Review
Authors: Wambui Rachael , Muathe Stephen
Published: February 2021

In the contemporary business context, the firm’s attractiveness and growth potential are demonstrated by its performance among other factors. Research has shown that women owned enterprises that utilize networking avenues to advance their businesses results in significant firm performance. Thus the objectives for the study were to discuss the key constructs of entrepreneurial networking and performance of women owned enterprises, to review theories that link entrepreneurial networking and performance, to recommend a conceptual framework that guides future studies on the highlighted knowledge gaps, and to recommend a methodological framework for future study. The study was anchored on Resource Based View, Dynamic Capability Theory, Social Capital, and Structural hole theory. The study was a desktop review of global theories related to entrepreneurial networking and performance in of women owned enterprises. Further, the empirical review was based on cross-sectional studies that explored entrepreneurial networking and performance of women owned enterprises. The studies reviewed were mainly conducted in the last ten years in developing nations in Africa and other parts of the world. The limitation of this study is that it only provides secondary data on existing studies on entrepreneurial networking and the performance of women owned enterprises. The findings indicated that these studies were convergent on the direct relationship between entrepreneurial networks and performance. A conceptual gap identified was the lack of moderating and mediating variables. The study recommended that future studies should incorporate, dynamic capabilities as a mediating variable and the business operating environment as moderating variable. Such studies should adopt explanatory non-experimental and descriptive research designs in collecting primary data which is crucial for filling the knowledge gaps identified in this study. Finally, a constructionist approach is proposed since the study seeks to add knowledge in the women entrepreneurship realm.
Analysis of Predictive Factors of Antibiotic Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Children with Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Wan Mengqi , Yu Mengjie , Xiao Jiangxi Juhua , Chen Qiang , Li Nuoya , Lei Jun , Chen Weilong , Zhang Shouhua , Tao Qiang
Published: February 2021

Objectives: To analyze the antibiotic resistance in children with acute appendicitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and to explore the predictors of infection and antibiotic resistance in children with acute appendicitis through blood biochemical indicators Methods: Fifty control children (with no bacteria detected in the culture) and 103 children with P. aeruginosa infection who were admitted to the general surgery department of Jiangxi children’s hospital and treated surgically from January 2015 to June 2019 were analyzed. Results: Cefotaxime, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline had the highest drug resistance rates in children with appendicitis caused by P. aeruginosa, with (93.20%, 96/103), (93.20%, 96/103) and (93.20%, 96/103), respectively. There were significant pattern differences between the P. aeruginosa infected group and penicillin antibiotics resistant group. The combination of glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), phosphorus (P), free fatty acid (FFA) and fibrinogen (CFbg) could effectively identify whether children with acute appendicitis were infected by P. aeruginosa and whether they were resistant to penicillin antibiotics. For the control group and P. aeruginosa infected group, area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) value of the four indicators was 0.9034 (95% CI, 0.8514 - 0.9555), with a sensitivity and specificity of 84.76% and 87.93%, respectively. For the group with or without penicillin antibiotics resistance, the AUROC value was 0.9341 (95% CI, 0.8681 - 1.0000), with a sensitivity and specificity of 89.04% and 96.88%, respectively. Conclusions: Clinical blood biochemical indicators can reflect bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance in children with acute appendicitis to a certain extent, and the combination of GGT, P, FFA, and CFbg can predict P. aeruginosa infection and penicillin antibiotics resistance in children with acute appendicitis.
Comparison of Gastric-ulcerogenecity Effect of Methanolic Extract of Capparis spinosa and Indomethacin in Rat
Authors: Abbasifard Mitra , Heidari Mahmoud Reza , Kamiab Zahra , Kaeidi Ayat , Kahnooji Mahmood , Taghipur Khajehsharifi Gholamhossein , Amirteimoury Morteza , Bazmandegan Gholamreza
Published: February 2021

Background: Several plants are used as analgesic in traditional medicine. Capparis spinosa (C. spinosa) is widely used for the treatment of gout and rheumatic arthritis. The previous studies have reported the antinociceptive effects of this plant. Objectives: The study was aimed at examining the C. spinosa’s gastric-ulcerogenecity effect in comparison to indomethacin. Methods: The percolated extract of C. spinosa and Indomethacin were orally administered to the rats at 50,100, 200, and 400 mg/kg doses, which were slaughtered after 4 hours. The stomach was detached, and 10 mL of 2% formalin was injected into it to fix the gastric wall internal layer. The stomach was then split by cutting along the greater curvature, and the lacerations in the glandular section examined. J-score was used to determine ulcer index. Results: The results indicated that percolated extract of C. spinosa administered orally in antinociceptive dosage and even 2,4 and 8 folds did not cause a gastric ulcer (J-score = 0) compared to indomethacin (J-score = 46 to 253) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Concerning the favorable analgesic effect of C. spinosa and lack of gastric ulcerogenecity effects, it seems to be a suitable choice for more pharmacological and toxicology examinations to use as analgesic.
Hematological Findings in COVID-19 and Insights to Stem Cell Therapy: From Bench to Practice
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Sherif , El- Gohary Ghada , AlGahtani Farjah , Alayoubi Fakher , Abd El-Aziz Nashwa
Published: February 2021

Context: As the COVID-19 was spreading to all countries, its manifestations were identifying gradually, which were related to several organs. Evidence Acquisition: COVID-19 is associated with distinct hematological changes, increased serum inflammatory markers, and coagulopathy. Most of these changes are related to the patients’ prognosis and mortality, particularly in those with severe disease. Results: Firstly, we discussed the associations between COVID-19 clinical features and complications, and secondly, its hematological findings and coagulopathy are investigated. Conclusions: Such associations not only may shed light on our prognostic view of patients with COVID-19 but also will entail significant therapeutic implications. One of its key implications is to utilize the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat patients with COVID-19. Herein, this kind of novel therapy will be discussed, as well.
Promoting cultural production in Serbia
Authors: Kovačević Mirjana
Published: February 2021

The paper presents the empirical study which aims to describe problems encountered by actors in the cultural and creative industries during the realization of ideas and activities in a modern digital environment. The results pointed out a discrepancy in the use of modern technology when it comes to the creation, availability and use of products of culture and creativity, and the ways they are communicated and promoted. Highlighting the problems that this sector faces, besides the knowledge of economic gain and overflows to other areas of the economy and society, should stimulate the interest of the competent institutions and decision-makers in finding more productive support programs for Serbian cultural and creative production in the future.
Youth and addiction to information and communications technology: Internet, social networks and mobile phones
Authors: Silajdžić Lamija , Dudić Anida
Published: February 2021

Addiction, dysfunctional use of "new technologies" and difficulties in limiting time spent using it, are not unusual due to the increasing usage of the internet. Young people, who are almost constantly connected, are particularly vulnerable. Recognizing the risk of pathological addiction, this paper explores the use of Internet, social networks and mobile phones among young people (N=310) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of the research is to examine the extent to which young people use the internet, social networks and mobile phones, and what consequences this has on the emotional, cognitive and social functioning of youth. The study was conducted using the most commonly used diagnostic tool for measuring internet addiction, the so-called Internet Addiction Test, and a survey questionnaire created for this research. Results of the study showed a mild level of "new addiction" in youth, which included emotional and cognitive preoccupation with "new" ICT, neglect of work, lack of self-control and social problems caused by preoccupation with the Internet, social networks and mobile phones.
The nexus between unemployment and economic growth in Serbia: Does Okun's law hold?
Authors: Mihajlović Vladimir
Published: February 2021

Starting from the empirically-based postulate that economic growth, through increasing labour demand and employment, reduces the unemployment rate, this study investigates the relationship between real GDP growth and the unemployment rate in the Republic of Serbia. The analysis is motivated by the fact that the unemployment rate in Serbia has significantly decreased over the last decade (especially after 2014), despite relatively modest rates of economic growth. These tendencies indicate the possibility of a nonlinear (asymmetric) relationship between the two variables, which has important implications for designing a more efficient economic and employment policy. Applying both linear and nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lags models (ARDL and NARDL) to quarterly data in the 2008-2019 period reveals that the relationship between economic growth and unemployment rate is negative, as suggested by Okun's law, but also that there is a profound asymmetry in this relationship. Namely, a 1% increase in the real output leads to a 4.74% decrease in the unemployment rate, whereas a decrease in output by the same percentage increases the unemployment rate by only 1.52%. Further analysis, based on investigating the relationship between GDP decomposed by the expenditure and production approach, and the unemployment rate, indicates that Okun's law asymmetry in the economy of Serbia is most affected by domestic demand, primarily private and government expenditures on the products of labour-intensive activities, such as services, agriculture, and industry.
Research of energy-saving vibration machines with account of the stress-strain state of technological environment
Authors: Nazarenko Ivan , Dedov Oleg , Svidersky Anatoly , Ruchinsky Nicolay
Published: February 2021

An analytical method for determining the influence of a process medium on the dynamics of the working bodies of vibrating machines is considered. The results of the research are presented, which made it possible to identify the zones of effective action of parameters and characteristics of the "machine - environment" system to ensure the high quality of the compaction process, which is based on the idea of purposeful use of the elastic characteristics of a common vibration system. The scientific idea is put forward, which consists in the fact that during the study of a particular process the mathematical model of the vibration system "machine-environment" should be determined on the basis of taking into account the internal structure of these subsystems as a single one, despite their different physical nature and structure. The theoretical substantiation of the possibility of creating bulk molding Vibration Machines with highly effective parameters of energy intensity and material consumption for various conditions for the formation of concrete and reinforced concrete products is given in the paper. This is due to the creation and rational use of the regularities of changes in the internal (elastic-inertial and dissipative) properties of the "machine-environment" system in the regime, which is approximate to the mode of its free oscillations.
Percepções estéticas de mulheres lésbicas acerca de produtos de sex shop
Authors: Brilhante Mariana Luísa Schaeffer , Dos Santos Célio Teodorico
Published: February 2021

Este artigo busca entender as percepções estéticas de mulheres lésbicas acerca de produtos de sex shop. Assim, esta é uma pesquisa exploratória, básica e descritiva, que se desenvolveu a partir de pesquisa de campo com entrevistas, utilizando um questionário semiestruturado. Esse questionário foi aplicado em grupos focais, de maneira on-line e presencial, sendo a análise desses dados desenvolvida de forma qualitativa. No caso deste estudo, foi possível identificar que as percepções estéticas de mulheres lésbicas acerca de produtos de sex shop seguem desde uma relação de poder com a parceira até uma relação de estranheza com o objeto, gerando possíveis desconfortos. Ainda, tanto na pesquisa on-line quanto na pesquisa presencial, foi possível identificar que há uma preferência por sex toys fálicos e com cores e formas artificiais.
Condições de segurança do trabalho no manuseio de agrotóxicos em pequenas propriedades de agricultura familiar
Authors: Silva Lucy Nayandra Pereira e , Amorim Joana Gabriela Barbosa
Published: February 2021

Os agricultores familiares durante aplicação e manuseio de agrotóxicos estão expostos a diversos riscos, devido à manipulação de produtos altamente tóxicos. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer o perfil socioeconômico dos agricultores familiares, identificar os procedimentos, riscos e as possibilidades de contaminações ambientais e humanas devido à utilização de agrotóxicos e verificar a utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual no manuseio dos mesmos em pequenas propriedades rurais no município de Juazeiro do Norte/CE. Trata-se de um estudo de campo, utilizando-se do método de análise de Abreu e Alonzo (2016), o qual baseou-se na aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas. O estudo foi aplicado num comodato do município. O comodato da Vila São Gonçalo é composto por trinta e seis agricultores. Participaram desse estudo dezoito agricultores familiares, compreendendo uma amostra de 50% do todo. Através dos resultados do estudo, verificou-se são aplicadas poucas medidas de controle de segurança do trabalho rural pelos agricultores familiares do estudo, devido à ausência de informação sobre os riscos, baixa escolaridade, perpetuação de antigas práticas de cultivo, quesito financeiro, sentimento de imunidade ao perigo e a falta de assistência de políticas públicas voltadas para o trabalhador rural, os quais, ficam expostos a riscos que são prejudicais para o meio ambiente e saúde dos mesmos. Assim, faz-se necessária a implantação de medidas de controle de segurança nas etapas de produção agrícola, para redução das suscetíveis ameaças à segurança do meio ambiente e saúde do pequeno produtor rural.
A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters
Authors: ENSARİ ÖZAY Müge , YAZICI Ali , UÇAN Rüştü
Published: February 2021

This study aims to investigate the level of the safety culture of firefighters and the factors that affect the safety culture, and to find out the answers to the questions on which areas the safety of firefighters can be developed, and what can be done in these areas. In this study, the safety culture questionnaire developed by S. Williams in 2007 as a measurement tool is applied to 209 fire brigades, and the safety culture level of the participants is determined by statistical analysis. In order to determine the significance level of the relationship between the participants' responses to the safety culture questionnaire and the determined 11 hypotheses, the chi-square test is used, and the results are analyzed under three categories. As a result, a significant difference is found between the safety culture of firefighters, their education levels and occupational accidents. There is also a significant difference between the firefighters' accident situations and their ranks.
Furniture Wastes and Their Environmental Impacts as Being a Different Problem of Our Time
Authors: DEMİRARSLAN Kazım Onur , DEMİRARSLAN Deniz
Published: February 2021

Since people could easily and quickly access the items they used, the use-dispose approach was adopted instead of the repair-use process. An outcome of this consumption madness and curiosity related to vanity has been associated with furniture usage.

Furniture is in good condition but is replaced by the belief that they are not in trend disposed of without considering any ecological and economic issues. This discarded furniture is typically deposited in solid waste landfills with other household waste and decreases those sites' capacity. Furniture waste, described as giant waste volume, is ecologically harmful because of its chemicals they contain and also causes significant economic losses. Although there are many examples in the world where furniture waste is collected, repaired, and reused, very few municipalities in Turkey can collect such waste and include recycling and reusing it. Besides, there is no inventory in Turkey relating to this waste. Furniture waste examples in the world are presented in this study, and damages to the environment are examined. Furniture waste status is determined by the qualitative research observation method for Istanbul, Turkey's largest furniture and urban low-income market, and Kocaeli, which has been identified as having the highest income inequality in the Eastern Marmara region. In these cities, the methods of using furniture waste were investigated. The aim was to draw attention to the possible damage to the environment by calculating the volume of furniture waste. With this work shaped by the descriptive analysis process, it is intended to lead to other academic studies on accompaniment, complete literature research that is insufficient on the issue and increase awareness of the environmental problems of the increasing consumption of furniture in Turkey. The lack of literature on the amount of furniture and waste disposal in Turkey increases the study's importance.
Carcass Evaluation in “Broiler” Feed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Locust Beans (Parkia biglobosa) Seed Meal in North Western Zone of Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Kakagida Abubakar Yusuf , Isa Musa Mabu , Anka Abubakar Bello , Mohammed Audu A. , Shinkafi Mohammed Shu’aibu
Published: February 2021

The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of feeding locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) seed at graded levels on the carcass characteristics of “broilers”. Two hundred and forty broilers were used which were randomly allotted to four treatment groups, each replicated four times in a completely randomized design. The diets contained 0% level of LBSM which served as experimental control, while other three diets contained 5, 10, and 15% levels of LBSM. The experiment was divided into two phases (starter and finisher) each of which lasted for 28 days. Carcass weight and dressing percentage were not significantly influenced (P>0.05) by the experimental diet but live weight was significantly influenced (P<0.05) by LBSM. Only the back weight was significantly affected (P<0.05) by the test diet among the prime cuts. Significant difference (P<0.05) were also observed in organs weight except the abdominal fat. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine significant difference between treatment groups in term of performance parameters. Where significant difference existed, Duncan’s multiple range test was used to separate the means. Data analysis was carried out using (SPSS, 2013version 20.0). It is concluded that LBSM is safe for feeding broilers and can be included in the diet at starter and finisher phase at (5-15% - 10 and 15%) inclusion levels respectively without any deleterious effect on the growth performance.
Assessment of Post-Harvest Storage Stability and Physico-Chemical Properties of Guava (Psidium guajava) at Different Maturity Stages
Authors: Sultana Sabiha , Khanam Sabnaj , Islam Md. Tariqul , Anannya Sharif Tyabunnesa , Haque Md. Rabiul
Published: February 2021

Guava (Psidium guajava) is one of the most popular, export promising, quick growing fruit cultivated throughout the country for commercial purposes. It is an alternative cheap vitamin C rich fruit for peoples of low income level. Cheapest post-harvest storage method is very rare to reduce losses, maintain nutritional quality and increase the consumer acceptability. Therefore, in our present study we measured their physico-chemical composition and the influence of different stages of maturation (immature, mature, ripen) on storage stability at different temperature treatment. We observed the highest post-harvest shelf life (17 days) in ripen guava at T2,13 days (immature and mature) at T2, T3 & lowest 11 days at T1. Maximum weight loss (18%, immature) at T1 and minimum weight loss (0.14%, mature) at T2. High moisture (84.34%ripen) & relatively low moisture (84%, immature). Maximum ash % (4.54%, ripen) & minimum ash % (3.81%, immature).TS (17.79%, immature) followed by (15.72%, mature) & (15.66%, ripen). Vitamin C content suddenly found at peak level in mature stage (118 mg/100 gm) and 86 mg/100 gm, 76 mg/100 gm in immature and ripen stage respectively. pH level gradual decreased according to increase of maturation (immature 4.52 >mature 3.54>ripen 2.92). Green color lasts for 1st three days in immature and mature guava and yellow color lasts till end stage at T1, T2, T3. Olive color was seen in last stage of T2. Black spots were common at last unacceptable stages. Our current research suggests that, wrapped storage at freezing temperature is the suitable inexpensive home level method for highest storage stability for growers which slow down the rate of undesirable changes of guava of all maturity stages. Moreover, mature stage contains the highest vitamin C.