bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influenza A virus antibodies in dogs, hunting dogs, and backyard pigs in Campeche, Mexico
Authors: Maya‐Badillo Brenda Aline , Orta‐Pineda Guillermo , Zavala‐Vasco Diego , Rivera‐Rosas Karen Elizabeth , Uribe‐Jacinto Adrián , Segura‐Velásquez René , Suzán Gerardo , Sánchez‐Betancourt José Iván
Published: January 2024

Aims

This study aimed to identify exposure to human, swine, and avian influenza A virus subtypes in rural companion and hunting dogs, backyard pigs, and feral pigs.

Methods and Results

The study took place in a region of southeastern Mexico where the sampled individuals were part of backyard production systems in which different domestic and wild species coexist and interact with humans. We collected blood samples from pigs and dogs at each of the sites. We used a nucleoprotein enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to determine the exposure of individuals to influenza A virus. Haemagglutination inhibition was performed on the positive samples to determine the subtypes to which they were exposed. For data analysis, a binomial logistic regression model was generated to determine the predictor variables for the seropositivity of the individuals in the study. We identified 11 positive individuals: three backyard pigs, four companion dogs, and four hunting dogs. The pigs tested positive for H1N1 and H1N2. The dogs were positive for H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2. The model showed that dogs in contact with backyard chickens are more likely to be seropositive for influenza A viruses.

Conclusions

We demonstrated the essential role hunting dogs could play as intermediate hosts and potential mixing vessel hosts when exposed to human and swine‐origin viral subtypes. These results are relevant because these dogs interact with domestic hosts and humans in backyard systems, which are risk scenarios in the transmission of influenza A viruses. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to implement epidemiological surveillance of influenza A viruses in backyard animals, particularly in key animals in the transmission of these viruses, such as dogs and pigs.
Microwave Drying of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia Volubilis L.) Seed for Improving Oil Yield Extract
Authors: Fong Yen Kei , Muhamad Norfazilah , Salleh Liza Md , Abang Zaidel Dayang Norulfairuz
Published: January 2024

Sacha inchi oil became a popular edible oil due to its fatty acid profile. Due to the good fatty acid nutrient, sacha inchi was chosen to be investigated to get the high oil yield by maintaining the quality of the oil. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of drying power and drying time on the oil yield extracted using aqueous enzymatic extraction. Besides, the extracted oil colour and total phenolic content at different drying power and drying time also were determined. The fatty acid of the highest oil yield was investigated. The drying method used was microwave oven drying while the extraction method used was aqueous enzymatic extraction. The total phenolic content was analyzed using the Folin-ciocalteu reagent while the analysis of fatty acid was conducted using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The result showed that drying power and drying time during drying process have affected the moisture content of the seed which later influenced the yield of sacha inchi oil. The oil yield that extracted from the set of seed dried at medium drying power is the highest. The total phenolic compound increased with the rising of the drying power and drying time, but the results might be affected by another chemical compound, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the oil. However, the highest sacha inchi oil yield resulting negative value of fatty acid. To obtain a better yield, de-emulsification was recommended to be include in the extraction method. The other factors which are particle size and concentration of the enzymes also need to be considered.
Evaluation of a Portable Arduino-based Mini Spectrometer Prototype for Cells Optical Density Measurement
Authors: Zainal Alam Muhd Nazrul Hisham
Published: January 2024

Cell optical density (OD) measurement is essential for tracking the progress of microbial fermentation processes. It is typically performed through a spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 600 nm. In this paper, a portable Arduino-based mini spectrometer prototype is presented. In the proposed prototype, a turbidity sensor was utilized to perform the optical density measurement of cells based on the Beer’s Lambert law. Differences on the light intensity from the excitation source and the collective point were correlated with the known cell concentration (using S. cerevisae yeast with concentration between 1 g/L and 5 g/L). The data attained was used as the standard curve and also to validate the functionality of the device. Fermentation experiments were carried out and the progress of the fermentation were measured using the proposed OD sensing prototype and compared to the standard bench top spectrometer. Both devices produced a calibration curve with R-squared value greater than 0.95 (0.95 for bench spectrometer and 0.97 for the Arduino device) and a comparable fermentation curve attained from both devices highlighted the workability of the proposed prototype. In addition, the device has a small footprint, portable and affordable.
Effects of Used and Fresh Palm Oil on Prodigiosin Production for Potential Sunscreen Agent
Authors: Chong Xin Nih , Norhesam Nurul Athira Zahraa , Zulkharnain Azham , Abdul Manas Dr. Nor Hasmaliana
Published: January 2024

Prodigiosin is a secondary metabolite red pigment and has unique triperrole structure and produced by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria from gamma-proteobacteria and actinomycetes class. It is located in the within the cell membrane, extracellular vesicle, and intracellular granules, thus, it needs to be extracted to obtain prodigiosin. Prodigiosin has many properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-microbial and anti-proliferative properties and it can be used in food, textile, and pharmaceutical industry as a natural colourant. Prodigiosin is produced through fermentation process Serratia nematodiphila. There was high demand in producing natural pigments due to toxicity of synthetic pigment and high-cost production of prodigiosin. The prodigiosin production were affected by many parameters such as concentration and type of substrates during fermentation. The substrates such as carbon and nitrogen sources are main substrates affected the prodigiosin production. This study aimed to enhance prodigiosin production by comparing the effect of used and fresh palm oil and prodigiosin as a potential sunscreen agent. The prodigiosin production was done through fermentation of Serratia nematodiphila in a shake flask and extracted by using acidified methanol. The effect of production of prodigiosin was determined at different concentration of different carbon sources which are used palm oil and fresh palm oil with constant value of pH, temperature, agitation speed to produced high yield of prodigiosin. In vitro sun protection factor (SPF) was used to determine the spectrophotometric SPF value of the prodigiosin. The highest yield of prodigiosin production with 8 % (w/v) of used palm oil was 463.938 µmol/L and with 9 % (w/v) of fresh palm oil was 518.84 µmol/L. The specific growth rate was 0.112 h-1 and doubling time was 6.18 h with 8% of used palm oil at incubation time of 46 h. While for 8 % fresh palm oil had specific growth rate of 0.104 and doubling time of 6.69 at incubation time for 40h. The SPF value with 1 % (w/v) of prodigiosin was 3.68.
Effect of blanching and drying temperature to the nutritional value, crude fiber and sensory acceptability of pumpkin flour in pasta
Authors: Abd Rashid Siti Nor Azlina , Jaafar Nor Liyana , Yaakob Harisun , Cheng Kian Kai , Abang Zaidel Dayang Norulfairuz , Mohd Jusoh Yanti Maslina , Zainol Noorazwani
Published: January 2024

The incorporation of pumpkin flour in pasta improves both crude fiber and sensory attributes. However, the impact of blanching and drying processes of pumpkin flour on the crude fiber content and sensory attributes of pasta has not been reported. The study aims to determine the effect of blanching and drying temperature on the proximate values including moisture, ash, fat, and protein as well as crude fiber content in pumpkin flour and to determine the sensory acceptability of pumpkin flour in pasta. The pumpkin flour was blanched and dried at different temperatures (60 °C, 70 °C, and 80 °C). The pumpkin flour was incorporated in pasta in different concentration. The proximate value was compared with a control pumpkin flour and wheat flour. The sensory evaluation was conducted to assess consumer acceptability. It was found that blanched pumpkin flour had lower fat and protein content but significantly higher crude fiber content (10.77 ± 0.014%). Pasta formulations containing 20% pumpkin flour has the highest mean score (4.40 ± 0.50) for overall acceptability. The study found that blanching is an effective pretreatment for preparing pumpkin flour with high fiber content, and pumpkin flour exhibits good potential for use in pasta formulation without compromising its sensory acceptability.
Firm Resource Utilization and Enhancement Process: (Mis)Perception and Firm Performance
Authors: Bloodgood James
Published: January 2024

This study expands the usefulness of economic theories of competition by amplifying the role of managerial perception in strategic decision making. In particular, decisions about resource use and enhancement are identified as being significantly influenced by managerial perception. Results of the conceptual analysis characterize resource misperception as leading to resource underleverage and overleverage. When resource underleverage occurs, competitive opportunities will be missed and resources will be targeted for enhancement or avoidance. When overleverage occurs, competitive hazards will be realized and resources will be targeted for maintenance. To observers these firm behaviors and outcomes do not follow a purely economic rationale.
Utilization of Digital Marketing Channels to Optimize Business Performance Among SMEs In Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Muhammad Arief , Logaiswari Indiran  , Umar Haiyat Abdul Kohar
Published: January 2024

Jakarta currently has at least one million small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) engaged in various business fields. In Indonesia, SMEs have contributed around 62% of the gross domestic product (GDP). It, of course, makes the existence of SMEs very important for economic growth. Besides that, technological developments are a challenge for entrepreneurs today. Entrepreneurs are competing to make their products superior through various business strategy initiatives. However, without proper knowledge, it will undoubtedly reduce the strategy's effectiveness. Therefore, many social science studies on business performance have given rise to many solutions to current business problems. One of them is a digital marketing strategy which is currently referred to as marketing 4.0. Currently, many digital marketing channels are circulating on the internet, making it difficult for entrepreneurs to identify which strategy is suitable for their business. Therefore, in this study, researchers focused on using digital marketing channels among SMEs, which focused on search engine marketing, social media marketing, email marketing, and affiliate marketing. The sample comprises 87 SME owners from the Jakarta region, with a survey method chosen to achieve the study's objective. According to the study, SMEs that have been operating for one year are more likely to choose social media as a channel that has more impact on their business performance and are followed by search engine marketing, social media marketing, and affiliate marketing. Aside from that, email marketing is an insignificant influence on business performance among SMEs in Jakarta, Indonesia.
Learn from anywhere, anytime: Factors Influencing the adoption of E-learning System in Malaysian private university
Authors: Sundresan Kauthami , Chok Nyen Vui , Mohamed Sa’dom Nur Zulaikha , Mat Yusoff Siti Haryani
Published: January 2024

E-learning utilization and implementation between many users is a significant challenge for many universities in both developed and developing nations. This study aims to examine the indirect effect of E-learning System Quality on the E-learning system adoption, through trust and self-efficacy. The data were collected via self- administered questionnaires, yielding 129 usable responses from the students of Manipal International University in Nilai, Malaysia. This study revealed that e-learning system quality has a positive effect in building the students’ trust and self-efficacy. The positive effect of trust and self-efficacy on e-learning system adoption were also confirmed. In addition, this study found the mediation effect of trust and self-efficacy in the relationship of the e-learning system quality and e-learning system adoption. The findings from this study are expected to benefit both practitioners, the tertiary education industry, specifically universities and colleges that interested to explore e-learning system and researchers that specialize in education study.
Umrah, the Spiritual Journey of a Lifetime: A Bibliometric Analysis using VosViewer
Authors: Mohamed Sa’dom Nur Zulaikha , Mat Yusoff Siti Haryani , Mohamed Sa’dom Siti Aisyah Faten
Published: January 2024

At present, Umrah travelling has become one of the most lucrative industries all over the world, leading to a growing number of publications in the field of Umrah. However, the bibliometric analysis of Umrah remains lacking. This study aims to identify the pattern of past research on the Umrah, specifically its research status and the most up-to-date (emerging) topics in this field. This study presents a visual analysis of 81 research articles listed in the Scopus databases between the years 2012 and 2023 related to Umrah. The knowledge mapping analysis using VosViewer presents the current research status, which comprises the analysis of co-authorship, co-occurrence, citation, and co-citation analysis. Using the most recent data and the bibliometric technique, this study is one of the pioneers in illuminating the state of Umrah research today. The findings from this study are expected to benefit the researchers that specialize in Umrah and religious tourism by providing them with the current state of the research and thus help to serve as a guide for future research.
Boosting High Morale In the Workplace Through Islamic Values
Authors: Usman Muliati
Published: January 2024

The objective of  this study is to  identify the extent of  the role of Islamic values in shaping  a foundation of morale in the workplace. Indeed, building a strong foundation in an organization requires moral resilience from all members as a unified whole and supports each other in an integrated manner. However, overcoming moral problems in the workplace is not simple, but a complex one. There are various aspects or values that must be integrated as a whole, including the religious values  held by members of the organization. In this case,  for Muslims morals are values that are built on the basis of inherent beliefs as a guide in living their daily lives as Muslims which originate from the Qur’an and Hadith. Therefore, it is necessary to study further the components that will strengthen the moral foundation in the workplace through Islamic values. To support the diagnoses developed,  the method  used in this study is  a literature review  by using  various valid data sources. Furthermore, the results of this study identify that Islamic values through their components can support the emergence of  high morale in the workplace. Thus, this study builds new insights into the importance of the role of Islamic values in building the foundations of  a moral ethic in organizations as an effort to deal with various moral problems that have recently gotten worse and are dangerous for the sustainability of the organization.
Exploring Entrepreneurship Education in the Performing Arts: Perceptions of Nigerian Theatrepreneurs
Authors: LAWAL ABDULAZEEZ , Ibrahim Nurudeen , OJODU HAMEED , Adebakin Moruf , SALVADOR KUBURAT
Published: January 2024

Abstract:

This study delves into the emerging field of entrepreneurship education in the performing arts, aiming to investigate current practices and evaluate the effectiveness of entrepreneurial endeavors within this domain. Focusing on Nigerian graduate and undergraduate prospective entrepreneurs, commonly referred to as theatrepreneurs, who pursue careers in drama, dancing, script writing, and other performing arts disciplines, the research utilizes qualitative methods. Forty purposefully selected respondents were interviewed, employing a mediated interview approach to identify theatrepreneurs' characteristics, motivations, and the significant challenges they encounter in their professional and entrepreneurial journeys. The findings demonstrate that participants opt for the performing arts primarily for personal career development rather than financial incentives. They highlight the benefits of talent development, confidence building, and professional growth. Nevertheless, the study identifies major obstacles such as time management, financial constraints, adaptation to the performing arts environment, unethical practices, and personal style, which significantly affect career development. Despite these challenges, respondents express optimism about the future of the profession. Based on the study's outcomes, it is recommended to introduce entrepreneurship education programs that nurture students' abilities to think creatively, reflectively, strategically, and analytically about their artistic practices. Such initiatives would further enhance professional career development within the performing arts industry.
Digital Business Innovation and Financial Inclusion: Panacea to Nigeria’s Economic Growth
Authors: Williams Mustapha
Published: January 2024

An emphasis on inclusive development via conventional financial inclusion and digital innovation is evident globally. Contemporary business innovations are driven by digitalization. This paper explores the effects of financial inclusion and digital business innovations on Nigeria's economic growth. It tracks the evolution of financial inclusion from banking sector recapitalization, through the Maya Declaration's implementation and the regulation of M-payments to the licensing of Mobile Network Operators (MNOs).  The article describes digital business innovation (DBI) facilitated by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as well as Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a strategy that will raise the quality of life for those at the base of the development pyramid.  The effectiveness of Digital Banking Inclusion (DBI) in Nigeria faces challenges including the presence of individuals without traditional bank accounts, the uneven distribution of digital technology and higher incomes in cities, barriers that hinder fair competition, the use of a single regulatory approach that may not fit all situations, a shortage of affordable, high-quality digital connections, and conflicts of interest between DBI service providers and DBI users. The study suggests speeding up the development of financial infrastructure, application of digital technologies, and modifying the regulatory framework to fit various contexts.

 Keywords:
Web Networks and Business Platform Models and their Reflection on Activating Pharmacovigilance in Healthcare Organizations
Authors: Zakaria Saif khalid , Alhamamy Mohamed Ahmed Mahmood
Published: January 2024

Research Objective: The Primary Objective of This Study Is to Establish Both a Theoretical and Practical Framework Aimed at Examining the Correlation Between Web Networks (WN) And Business Platform Models (Web Platform) (WP) To Enhance Alertness in The Pharmacological (PH) Domain During the Dissemination of Information and Knowledge to Relevant Entities in The Current Research Landscape. Our Approach Begins with A Thorough Exploration of The Concepts of Web Networks and Web Platforms, Aligning Them with The Contemporary Business Environment. Subsequently, We Delve into The Significance of Harnessing Digital Platforms Within Business Organizations. This Culminates in An Extensive Review of Platform Models, Ultimately Leading to The Development of a Web Platform Model Tailored to The Specific Environment and Requirements of The Organization Under Investigation.

Methodology/Design: A Questionnaire Was Prepared to Collect Data from A Purposive Sample Consisting Of (156) Managers and Unit or Department Heads in The Health Departments of The Northern Region of Iraq. The Research Hypotheses Were Tested Using Statistical Analysis with The AMOS Software, And the Findings Were Discussed in Light of The Results. Research Conclusions and Recommendations Were Formulated.

Research Significance: This Research Aims to Identify the Role of (WP) and Their Dimensions in The Development and Sustainability of The Capabilities of The Researched Organizations in Facing Potential Challenges. Additionally, It Seeks to Enhance (PH) Alertness to A Level That Enables the Researched Organizations to Keep Pace with The Rapid Developments Occurring in The Dynamic Environment in Which They Operate.
Navigating Few Ethical Challenges in the Airline Industry: A Qualitative Investigation
Authors: SUNDRESAN KAUTHAMI , CHOK NYEN VUI , KHAIRUDIN NURUL SHAFINA , MAT YUSOFF SITI HARYANI , MOHAMED SADOM NUR ZULAIKHA
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to discover the numerous challenges the airline industry faces particularly with workplace ethics and to investigate the recommendation for the organization to overcome these challenges and ensure long term profitability. The challenges consist of poor ethics in airlines, bribery, and misleading advertisement. This study used qualitative study method with a purposive sampling strategy. Four representatives of the Airlines company were selected with a range of year services between 2 years to 10 years’ working experience from various departments. The result showed the airline industry faces a significant number of problems and roadblocks. Companies in the airline industry find it challenging to maintain a smooth flow of operations and activities. The findings from this study are expected to benefit the airlines industry, the travelers and the researchers that specialized in organizational behaviour study.
Unveiling the landscape of social media marketing in social science studies: A bibliometric analysis using VosViewer and Biblioshiny
Authors: MOHAMED SADOM NUR ZULAIKHA , MAT YUSOFF SITI HARYANI
Published: January 2024

In recent years, social media marketing has evolved into a ubiquitous phenomenon, influencing the dynamics of business-consumer relationships and becoming an indispensable facet of modern marketing strategies. This positive trend led to a growing number of publications in the field of social media marketing, especially in social science studies. Thus, it is impeccable for the researcher to study this particular matter. The objective of this study is to identify the pattern of past research on social media marketing in social science studies, specifically its research status and the most up-to-date (emerging) topics in this field. This research offers a visual analysis of 1747 research articles listed in the Scopus database in the years 2009–2023. The bibliometric analysis using VosViewer and Biblioshiny presents the current research status, including annual scientific production, most cited articles, most cited authors, most active source title, co-authorship analysis, co-occurrence analysis and co-citation analysis on social media marketing in social science studies. The outcomes of this study are expected to benefit researchers specializing in consumer behaviour by offering them insights into the current research landscape and serving as a valuable reference for future investigations.
Controllability of nonlinear fractional integrodifferential systems involving multiple delays in control
Authors: Haq Abdul , Sukavanam Nagarajan
Published: January 2024

This work studies the existence of solutions and approximate controllability of fractional integrodifferential systems with Riemann-Liouville derivatives and with multiple delays in control. We establish suitable assumptions to prove the existence of solutions. Controllability of the system is shown by assuming a range condition on control operators and Lipschitz condition on non-linear functions. We use the concepts of strongly continuous semigroup rather than resolvent operators. Finally, an example is give to illustrate the theory.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF SALT TOLERANCE IN ASIATIC COTTON (GOSSYPIUM ARBOREUM) WITH MOLECULAR MARKERS
Authors: Tussipkan D. , Pan Zh. , Gong W. , Dai P. , Manabayeva Sh. , Du X.
Published: January 2024

Gossypium arboreum possesses favorable characteristics that are valuable for developing superior cotton cultivars. This study was carried out to analyze genetic diversity and identify marker-trait association analysis related to salt tolerance using SSR markers for 215 accessions of G. arboreum. The salt tolerance-related traits like germination rate, fresh weight, stem length, water content, chlorophyll content, electric conductivity, and MDA of the accessions were identified using 150 mM salt for 7 days of seedling growth.

According to the comprehensive index of salt tolerance, 215 accessions were categorized mainly into four groups. Twenty four accessions were classified as highly tolerant to salt treatment (>2.5). The natural population was classified into 3 main groups by phylogenetic analysis. The classifications of phylogenetic analysis were largely congruent with the breeding history and ecological region.

Twenty-two strong marker-trait associations were obtained with strict significant P value i.e. P< 0.01 and four makers including NAU1023, NAU1099, JESPR222, and NAU2783 were significantly related to salt tolerance. The marker NAU2783 was highest associated (P= 1.98E-12) with relative electric conductivity, and with the highest phenotype variation of 20.87%. Some markers are significantly associated with more than two traits. MUSS020 was significantly (P<0.01) associated with relative fresh weight, and relative MDA, NAU1375 was associated with relative fresh weight and relative stem length, while NAU3468 was significantly associated with relative fresh weight, relative germination rate, and relative water content. The strong marker-trait association results might provide insights for marker-assistant selecting salt-tolerant varieties and will be useful for future cotton breeding programs.
Five New Minerals from Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico
Authors: Mandarino Joseph A. , Williams Scott J.
Published: January 2024

Five new minerals have been found in a tellurium deposit near the town of Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico. Preliminary study shows that they are a leadoxy-fluoride, a zinc tellurite or tellurate, a manganese-zinc tellurite or tellurate, a manganese tellurite or tellurate, and an iron tellurite or tellurate.
mRNA therapy corrects defective glutathione metabolism and restores ureagenesis in preclinical argininosuccinic aciduria
Authors: Gurung Sonam , Timmermand Oskar Vilhelmsson , Perocheau Dany , Gil-Martinez Ana Luisa , Minnion Magdalena , Touramanidou Loukia , Fang Sherry , Messina Martina , Khalil Youssef , Spiewak Justyna , Barber Abigail R. , Edwards Richard S. , Pinto Patricia Lipari , Finn Patrick F. , Cavedon Alex , Siddiqui Summar , Rice Lisa , Martini Paolo G. V. , Ridout Deborah , Heywood Wendy , Hargreaves Ian , Heales Simon , Mills Philippa B. , Waddington Simon N. , Gissen Paul , Eaton Simon , Ryten Mina , Feelisch Martin , Frassetto Andrea , Witney Timothy H. , Baruteau Julien
Published: January 2024

The urea cycle enzyme argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) enables the clearance of neurotoxic ammonia and the biosynthesis of arginine. Patients with ASL deficiency present with argininosuccinic aciduria, an inherited metabolic disease with hyperammonemia and a systemic phenotype coinciding with neurocognitive impairment and chronic liver disease. Here, we describe the dysregulation of glutathione biosynthesis and upstream cysteine utilization in ASL-deficient patients and mice using targeted metabolomics and in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using (
S
)-4-(3-
18
F-fluoropropyl)-
l
-glutamate ([
18
F]FSPG). Up-regulation of cysteine metabolism contrasted with glutathione depletion and down-regulated antioxidant pathways. To assess hepatic glutathione dysregulation and liver disease, we present [
18
F]FSPG PET as a noninvasive diagnostic tool to monitor therapeutic response in argininosuccinic aciduria. Human
hASL
mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles improved glutathione metabolism and chronic liver disease. In addition,
hASL
mRNA therapy corrected and rescued the neonatal and adult Asl-deficient mouse phenotypes, respectively, enhancing ureagenesis. These findings provide mechanistic insights in liver glutathione metabolism and support clinical translation of mRNA therapy for argininosuccinic aciduria.
Goodpasture syndrome: a rare case presenting with recurrent haemoptysis
Authors: Mankuzhy Gopalakrishnan Sai Shankar , Raveendran Remya , Paulraj Jenikar , Balaganesan Harshavardhan
Published: January 2024

Goodpasture syndromeis a rare autoimmune disease which affects young adults with a male preponderance and can be triggered at any point in life with a classical clinical triad of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage and circulating anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody (anti-GBM antibody). Here we are presenting a case of a young man with hypertension in his early 20s who presented with fatigue, recurrent haemoptysis, breathlessness and decreased urine output without features of infection. He was diagnosed at an early stage of the disease with the help of clinical, serological and radiological findings. An early diagnosis with effective treatment using plasma exchange, intravenous high-dose methylprednisolone, and cyclophosphamide showed a rapid improvement in the patient’s condition with an immediate decrease in anti-GBM titres and proteinuria.
Misdiagnosed long-standing unilateral nasal obstruction: ossifying fibroma of the inferior turbinate
Authors: Thomas Akhila Sarah , Trupthi Menuskodige C , Ponmar Madhurima , Issac Rijo
Published: January 2024

A man in his 20s presented with complaints of unilateral nasal obstruction for the past 6 years that progressively worsened leading to irrational use of over-the-counter nasal decongestants. With the worsening of symptoms, a non-contrast CT was done. It showed a dense expansile sclerotic lesion of the right inferior turbinate, which was excised endoscopically. Cemento-ossifying fibromas of the inferior turbinate are rare and require assessment and surgical excision to relieve the symptom of nasal obstruction. It derives its name from the variable proportions of fibrous and mineralised tissue present in it and exclusively develops in the craniofacial region. It can be surgically managed by an endoscopic, an endonasal non-endoscopic (with a speculum) or an open approach (lateral rhinotomy, sublabial approach or mid-facial degloving). Here, we present how such a case was detected and managed surgically by the endoscopic approach, which is a minimally invasive option with shorter hospital stay and early recovery.
Thoracic spine stab injury with a retained knife
Authors: Ingram-Walpole Shannon , Shah Shaneel , Almerie Qutayba , Campana Luca Giovanni , Griffiths Ben
Published: January 2024

A female was admitted to a Major Trauma Centre with an isolated thoracic spine stab injury involving a retained knife. The patient was haemodynamically stable with an unremarkable peripheral neurological examination. A CT scan with three-dimensional image reconstruction showed the knife blade lodged in the T11 vertebra with its tip close to the spinal cord, aorta and inferior vena cava. A multidisciplinary trauma team, including anaesthetists, vascular, neurosurgeons and general surgeons, agreed on the treatment strategy. The lodged knife was safely withdrawn in the operating theatre with the patient in a prone position under sedation and local anaesthesia. Following the procedure, neurological examination remained normal, and an MRI scan revealed no spinal cord injury. We discuss the management of penetrating spinal injuries, the importance of detailed preoperative imaging, timely multidisciplinary input and how to safely remove a knife when a prone position prevents standard airway management.
Clot stones in transplant kidneys
Authors: Oo Mon Mon , Proietti Silvia , Gaboardi Franco , Giusti Guido
Published: January 2024

We describe two cases of stones with unusual radiological characteristics in transplanted kidneys that originated from a blood clot as the nidus for lithogenesis. Both patients presented years after renal transplant, with gross haematuria. CT of the urinary tract showed a stone with a peripheral hyperdense shell (Hounsfield unit, HU >500) and a radiolucent centre (HU <100). Both patients underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy successfully.

Stone analysis showed that the outer shell was calcium oxalate monohydrate and further examination of the stone in the second case confirmed an inner layer of organised clot material. Although the management of these clot stones is similar to that of other types of stones, clinicians should be aware of such a phenomenon and investigate the patients for the possibility of stone formation after haematuria, especially in allograft kidneys.
Coinheritance of hereditary spherocytosis with haemochromatosis: next-generation sequencing reveals
Authors: Soldin Inês Hilário , Ferro Ana , Eremina Yuliana O , Bibi Mário Sérgio Nascimento
Published: January 2024

We report the case of a man in his 50s with extravascular haemolysis, fluctuating indirect hyperbilirubinaemia, elevated transferrin saturation with hyperferritinaemia and normal liver enzymes. Spherocytes were detected in a blood smear and a mutation of unknown significance, c.1626+1G>A p.?, in intron 13 of theSLC4A1gene, was identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS). The same mutation was found in his daughter, who presented with similar laboratory changes, confirming the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis. Abdominal MRI showed hepatosplenomegaly with hepatic iron overload. In this context of haemolysis (without anaemia) and iron overload, a diagnosis of haemochromatosis was presumed. NGS confirmed the presence of the variants p.(His63Asp) and p.(Cys282Tyr) in heterozygosity in theHFEgene. We report this case for the rarity of co-existing two haematological diseases counteracting each other.
Airway obstruction resulting from massive subgaleal hematoma caused by superficial temporal artery injuries in an adult patient with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Suzuki Hiromichi , Yonezawa Naoki , Fujisawa Michiko
Published: January 2024

Subgaleal hematoma, characterised by blood accumulation between the galea aponeurosis and the periosteum, is rarely reported in adults. A man with liver cirrhosis experienced airway obstruction secondary to an extensive subgaleal hematoma due to superficial temporal artery injuries. Within 6 hours after injury, swelling of the patient’s head and neck was noted, which was associating with inspiratory wheezing and paradoxical breathing, thus necessitating emergency intubation. The branches of the superficial temporal artery were identified as the bleeding source via angiography. Subsequently, endovascular embolisation was successfully performed. This case highlights a rare association between airway obstruction and subgaleal hematoma, originating from injuries of the superficial temporal artery in an adult patient with severe coagulopathy. Airway obstruction was secondary to the hematoma progression into the facial and neck regions. It is crucial to identify and address alternative bleeding sources if conservative treatments or initial interventions for subgaleal hematomas are proven ineffective.
New tender, bleeding papule on the left ear
Authors: Beagles Emma , Shih Allen
Published: January 2024

Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis (CNH) is a painful, inflammatory condition that impacts the skin of the ear. It is commonly associated with pressure on the pinna causing a nodule that may have erythema, bleeding and exudate. We present a case of a woman in her 60s with a history of basal cell carcinoma who presented with a new tender spot on the antihelix of her left ear. The tenderness of the new spot forced her to switch from holding her phone to her left ear to using her right ear. A shave biopsy confirmed CNH and ruled out non-melanoma skin cancer. Although most prior cases report association with sleeping on the side of the affected ear, this case was attributed to cell phone use. It is important to remember that non-traditional sources of pressure can also lead to CNH.
Empyema caused byStreptococcus dysgalactiaesubsp.equisimilissubsequently to bacteraemia
Authors: Umemoto Daichi , Nishioka Hiroaki
Published: January 2024

Streptococcus dysgalactiaesubsp.equisimilis(SDSE) commonly causes a variety of infections in older individuals. However, respiratory infections are uncommon. We present the case of an older man with empyema due to SDSE subsequently to bacteraemia. He presented with a 1-day history of fever and laboratory findings revealed an increased white blood cell count and C- reactive protein (CRP) level. Chest CT revealed no infiltration and no pleural effusion. SDSE was detected in the blood cultures. Primary bacteraemia was suspected and antibiotic administration was initiated; however, 2 days later, his right breath sound diminished, and chest radiography revealed right pleural effusion. Thoracentesis yielded cloudy fluid with frank pus; thus, he was diagnosed with empyema due to SDSE, and a drainage tube was placed. Thereafter, his fever improved, and his CRP level decreased. Thus, SDSE can cause empyema probably by haemotological spread of SDSE to the pleura.
Non-cirrhotic hyperammonaemic encephalopathy secondary to metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour treated with peptide receptor radio nucleotide therapy and transarterial chemoembolisation
Authors: Holmes Zachary , Beasley Hermione , Naidoo Mahendra , Michael Michael
Published: January 2024

Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are rare cancers which often carry significant morbidity and mortality, frequently related to burden of liver metastases. Hyperammonaemia and subsequent hepatic encephalopathy carries a poor prognosis and has been described in these patients. We discuss a case of a woman in her 50s with hyperammonaemic encephalopathy and a new diagnosis of pancreatic NET with hepatic metastases. She presented with a reduced conscious state a few days post commencing chemotherapy. This was considered to have a multifactorial pathophysiology: the primary driver being large volume hepatic metastases and contributed by portosystemic microshunting, sepsis, severe weight loss and malnutrition. We describe how each of these exacerbating factors was addressed and highlight the effective multimodal treatment approach consisting of sequential transarterial chemoembolisation followed by peptide receptor radio nucleotide therapy, resulting in the resolution of hyperammonaemic encephalopathy and radiological partial metabolic response.
Ischaemic stroke in a patient with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) despite non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy
Authors: Zhen Simon , Chu Fion , Kodesh Afek , Kim Jisoon
Published: January 2024

Primary stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is primarily with non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy. However, 20–36% of ischaemic strokes seem to occur in patients with atrial fibrillation while already on anticoagulation. We present a case of an ischaemic stroke in an elderly female in her 70s with medical history significant for hypertension and NVAF. She had a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 3 and was on apixaban for thromboprophylaxis. She presented with neurological deficits consistent with a left middle cerebral artery stroke, confirmed via head imaging; the most likely stroke aetiology was determined to be cardioembolic in the setting of NVAF. She was treated withcontinuationof her apixaban at thesame dosage. She displayed improved function, although with residual expressive aphasia at her 2-month neurology follow-up. Cardioembolic ischaemic stroke in NVAF despite current NOAC therapy does not have current management guidelines.
UEFA Women’s Elite Club Injury Study: a prospective study on 1527 injuries over four consecutive seasons 2018/2019 to 2021/2022 reveals thigh muscle injuries to be most common and ACL injuries most burdensome
Authors: Hallén Anna , Tomás Rita , Ekstrand Jan , Bengtsson Håkan , Van den Steen Elke , Hägglund Martin , Waldén Markus
Published: January 2024

Objective

Injuries in women’s football (soccer) have scarcely been investigated, and no study has been conducted in the highest competitive level involving club teams from different countries. Our aim was to investigate the time-loss injury epidemiology and characteristics among women’s elite football players over four seasons.

Methods

596 players from 15 elite women’s teams in Europe were studied prospectively during the 2018/2019 to 2021/2022 seasons (44 team seasons). Medical staff recorded individual player exposure and time-loss injuries. Injury incidence was calculated as the number of injuries per 1000 playing hours and injury burden as the number of days lost per 1000 hours.

Results

1527 injuries were recorded in 463 players with an injury incidence of 6.7 (95% CI 6.4 to 7.0) injuries per 1000 hours and a nearly fourfold higher incidence during match play compared with training (18.4, 95% CI 16.9 to 19.9 vs 4.8, 95% CI 4.5 to 5.1; rate ratio 3.8, 95% CI 3.5 to 4.2). Thigh muscle injuries (hamstrings 12%, 188/1527, and quadriceps 11%, 171/1527) were the most frequent injury, while anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury had the highest burden (38.0 days lost per 1000 hours, IQR 29.2–52.1) with median days lost of 292 (IQR 246–334) days. Concussions constituted 3% (47/1527) of all injuries, with more than half of them (55%, 26/47) due to ball-related impact.

Conclusion

An elite women’s football team can expect approximately 35 time-loss injuries per season. Thigh muscle injury was the most common injury and ACL injury had the highest injury burden.
Adherence to application technique of inhaled corticosteroid in patients with asthma and COVID-19 improves outcomes
Authors: Tichopád Aleš , Žigmond Jan , Jeseňák Miloš , Solovič Ivan , Breciková Katarína , Rybář Marian , Rožánek Martin , Sedlák Vratislav
Published: January 2024

Background

Inhaled corticosteroids have been widely reported as a preventive measure against the development of severe forms of COVID-19 not only in patients with asthma.

Methods

In 654 Czech and Slovak patients with asthma who developed COVID-19, we investigated whether the correct use of inhaler containing corticosteroids was associated with a less severe course of COVID-19 and whether this had an impact on the need for hospitalisation, measurable lung functions and quality of life (QoL).

Results

Of the studied cohort 51.4% had moderate persistent, 29.9% mild persistent and 7.2% severe persistent asthma. We found a significant adverse effect of poor inhaler adherence on COVID-19 severity (p=0.049). We also observed a lower hospitalisation rate in patients adequately taking the inhaler with OR of 0.83. Vital capacity and forced expiratory lung volume deterioration caused by COVID-19 were significantly reversed, by approximately twofold to threefold, in individuals who inhaled correctly.

Conclusion

Higher quality of inhalation technique of corticosteroids measured by adherence to an inhaled medication application technique (A-AppIT) score had a significant positive effect on reversal of the vital capacity and forced expiratory lung volume in 1 s worsening (p=0.027 and p<0.0001, respectively) due to COVID-19. Scoring higher in the A-AppIT was also associated with significantly improved QoL. All measured variables concordantly and without exception showed a positive improvement in response to better adherence. We suggest that corticosteroids provide protection against the worsening of lungs in patients with COVID-19 and that correct and easily assessable adherence to corticosteroids with appropriate inhalation technique play an important role in preventing severe form of COVID-19.
Histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 regulates hepatic stellate cell activation and is targetable in liver fibrosis
Authors: Kong Ming , Zhou Junjing , Kang Aoqi , Kuai Yameng , Xu Huihui , Li Min , Miao Xiulian , Guo Yan , Fan Zhiwen , Xu Yong , Li Zilong
Published: January 2024

Objective

Liver fibrosis is a prelude to a host of end-stage liver diseases. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), switching from a quiescent state to myofibroblasts, are the major source for excessive production of extracellular matrix proteins. In the present study, we investigated the role of Suv39h1, a lysine methyltransferase, in HSC-myofibroblast transition and the implication in liver fibrosis.

Design

HSC-specific or myofibroblast-specific Suv39h1 deletion was achieved by crossbreeding the
Suv39h1
f/f
mice to the
Lrat
-Cre mice or the
Postn
-Cre
ERT2
mice. Liver fibrosis was induced by CCl
4
injection or bile duct ligation.

Results

We report that Suv39h1 expression was universally upregulated during HSC-myofibroblast transition in different cell and animal models of liver fibrosis and in human cirrhotic liver tissues. Consistently, Suv39h1 knockdown blocked HSC-myofibroblast transition in vitro. HSC-specific or myofibroblast-specific deletion of Suv39h1 ameliorated liver fibrosis in mice. More importantly, Suv39h1 inhibition by a small-molecule compound chaetocin dampened HSC-myofibroblast transition in cell culture and mitigated liver fibrosis in mice. Mechanistically, Suv39h1 bound to the promoter of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and repressed HMOX1 transcription. HMOX1 depletion blunted the effects of Suv39h1 inhibition on HSC-myofibroblast transition in vitro and liver fibrosis in vivo. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that HMOX1 might contribute to HSC-myofibroblast transition by modulating retinol homeostasis. Finally, myofibroblast-specific HMOX1 overexpression attenuated liver fibrosis in both a preventive scheme and a therapeutic scheme.

Conclusions

Our data demonstrate a previously unrecognised role for Suv39h1 in liver fibrosis and offer proof-of-concept of its targetability in the intervention of cirrhosis.