bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN METODE MATEMATIKA REALISTIK DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Irma Yunita Sari  , Regita Dewi Wulandari  , Fitria Ainun Nazla  , Nabilah Nur Azmi  , Imron Fauzi
Published: December 2022

From empirical facts, it is stated that the majority of students in Indonesia do not like mathematics. This is based on literature studies from various journals that new methods for understanding mathematics continue to be developed to improve the quality of education in Indonesia, one of which is the application of realistic mathematical methods. The research method used is qualitative by accumulating various literature studies to obtain comprehensive data. In general, understanding mathematics is only based on memorizing formulas and practicing questions. This is different from the concept of applying realistic mathematical methods which will quickly build understanding of mathematics lessons. The systematic application of realistic mathematical methods will then be discussed in this paper.
Impact of Altered Precipitation and Temperature Climate Pattern Relation with Climate Change-Related Factors (High CO2, Elevated Temperature and Drought) on Wheat Production in Turkey
Authors: KIZILDENİZ Tefide , AYDIN Taha Kutay , GÖLER Sidar , TUNA Buse
Published: December 2022

Wheat (Triticum spp.), the staple food of approximately 50 countries, due to its appropriate nutritional value, storage and processing facilities, also providing approximately 20% of the total calories provided by plant-based foods to the world population, has a relevant importance in the food security of Turkey. Wheat yield, quality, and growth are all affected by environmental factors. Therefore, wheat production is affected by climate factors such as seasonal precipitation distribution, precipitation amount, temperature, and drought. With the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events caused by global climate change, the risks to wheat production have become increasingly evident. In a study, it is estimated that wheat yield in Turkey will decrease by about 8% until 2100, according to the average scenario. According to the worst scenario, wheat production is expected to decrease by 23% on average in 2100. In order to solve this problem, appropriate scenarios should be developed regarding the effects of climate change on wheat. Strategies such as climate change adaptation strategies, low carbon emission technologies and capacity building can be developed. Our aim is to draw attention to the impact of climate change on wheat yield in Turkey.
Türkiye’de Damızlık Olarak Kullanılan Siyah Alaca (Holstein) Irkı Boğalarda Gözlenen Genetik Darboğaz
Authors: UNLUSOY İlke
Published: December 2022

Bir darboğaz ne kadar yakın zamanda olursa yönetim prosedürleriyle zararlı etkilerinden kaçınılması veya bu etkilerin en aza indirilme olasılığı o kadar yüksek olur. Sayıca çok büyük popülasyonların bile ciddi bir genetik darboğaz yaşaması muhtemeldir. Suni tohumlamanın yaygınlaşması ve küresel sperm ticareti yüksek verimli boğaların spermlerinin tüm dünyada baskın olarak kullanılmasına alt yapı oluşturmuştur. Dünyada sütçü ırk olarak en çok yetiştirilen Holstein ineklerin tohumlanmasında özellikle bazı ülkelerin yetiştirdiği boğalara ait spermler küresel çapta sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Yüksek verim elde etmek için uygulanan yoğun seleksiyon programları çoğunlukla allel kayıplarıyla sonuçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de Holstein inek popülasyonşarını tohumlamak için kullanılan damızlık boğaların herhangi bir darboğaz etkisi altında kalıp kalmadığı araştırılmıştır. Bunun için Türkiye’de üretilen ve Türkiye’ye ithal edilen yüksek verimli 300 baş Holstein boğaya ait sperma materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. On mikrosatellit lokus temel alınarak Bottleneck v.1.2.02 programı aracılığıyla Aşamalı Mutasyon Modeli ve İki Fazlı Mutasyon Modeli altında İşaret ve Wilcoxon Testlerine tabi tutularak darboğaz değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca Mod-Kayması analizi ile darboğazın yakın zamanda olup olmadığı da yorumlanmıştır. Buna istinaden 3 kıtada (Asya, Avrupa, Amerika) 13 ülke tarafından yetiştirilen toplam 300 baş Holstein boğanın geçmişte bir darboğaz etkisi altında kaldığı ancak bu darboğazın yakın zamanda gerçekleşmiş bir darboğaz olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
METODE GURU DALAM MEMOTIVASI MEMBACA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS 3 SDN 53 KOTA BIMA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Nurlaila Nurlaila , Marsina Marsina , Syarini Syarini , Adiansyah Adiansyah
Published: December 2022

The lack of reading motivation that occurs in students is a problem that must be taken seriously in education. Remembering that success in educating is when you have been able to change the personality of students in an understanding from those who can't to can. The focus of our research is to look at teacher methods in motivating and at the same time overcoming the lack of reading power in students at SDN 53 Kota Bima. The method we use in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The results of this study found that the reading power of students at SDN53 Kota Bima, more specifically grade 3, was still very low, although most of them were already able to read, but there was no habit of reading yet. Teachers communicate with parents to always monitor what their children are doing, provide time limits for using cellphones and make a special schedule for when to study and when to hold cellphones. The methods, methods and facilities provided are also used by educators who are very good, such as giving students freedom to choose, even with certain limitations and always watching over them.
Transformação digital no setor de óleo e gás: implementação de um inventário
Authors: Silva Gabriela Menezes , Severiano Junior Ely , Gomes Josir Simeone , Siqueira Cleyton Fialho
Published: December 2022

RESUMO

O gerenciamento dos materiais utilizados na etapa de perfuração de um poço de petróleo é crucial para a redução dos custos que envolve essa fase. Todavia, para o alcance deste, são necessários a integração e a padronização dos dados. Assim, a I2WM vem atuando no setor de óleo e gás, buscando solucionar a gestão de estoque ao fornecer uma visão a longo prazo e redução na quantidade dos materiais adquiridos pela empresa através da realocação dos equipamentos do estoque ou reutilização dos materiais comprados para um projeto anterior. Logo, o intuito deste trabalho foi apresentar o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta web, que tem como objetivo integrar os engenheiros e gerar automaticamente uma lista otimizada dos materiais que serão necessários para o poço. Nessa perspectiva, o software foi desenvolvido utilizando as metodologias ágeis, ou seja, em cada etapa, ocorreu a validação do cliente (uma grande empresa do setor de energia). Os resultados deste projeto apresentam os seguintes benefícios: diminuição do estoque da empresa, menor capital imobilizado, redução do custo com o armazenamento e a manutenção dos equipamentos estocados. Desse modo, o software proposto pode ser indicado para auxiliar no projeto dos poços de petróleo e contribuir para a redução de custos inerente à etapa de perfuração. Além disso, o trabalho em questão busca avaliar o impacto da qualidade de software na satisfação do cliente.

Palavras-chave: gerenciamento de materiais; redução de custos; qualidade de software.
Maarif Yıllıklarına Göre Balıkesir’de Eğitim (1950-1960)
Authors: KAYALAN Ferruh
Published: December 2022

Balıkesir, geçmişten günümüze devr aldığı eğitim kurumları ile eğitim alanında köklü bir şehirdir. Bu yönü ile Balıkesir yeni kurulan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilk zamanlarında eğitim alanında yapılan bir çok yeniliğe uyum sağlamada sıkıntı yaşamamıştır. Bununla birlikte 1950’den itibaren Demokrat Parti zamanında da Balıkesir’de eğitim alanında büyük gelişmeler yaşanmış ve Balıkesir genelinde eğitimin yaygınlaştırılması için önemli faaliyetler yapılmıştır. Eğitimin yaygın hale getirilebilmesi için Balıkesir’e bağlı merkez, ilçe ve köylere yeni okullar inşa edilmiş ve okur-yazar oranında ciddi bir artış yaşanmıştır. 1950’den sonra ilkokul, ortaokul, orta meslek ve teknik öğretim okulları, lise ve yüksekokul sayılarında bir artış olduğu için öğretmen ve öğrenci sayılarında da önceki yıllara göre gözle görülür bir artış yaşanmıştır. Bu bilgilerden hareketle hazırlanan çalışmanın amacı Maarif Yıllıklarına göre Balıkesir’de 1950-1960 yılları arasında eğitim alanında yapılan faaliyetler ve bu faaliyetlerin Balıkesir vilayetinde söz konusu alanda meydana getirdiği değişiklikleri ortaya koymaktır. Bu çalışmada maarif yıllıklarına gore önce 1923-1950 yılları arasında Balıkesir’deki eğitim kurumlarının genel anlamda belirli periodlarla okul, öğretmen ve öğrenci durumları sayısal veriler üzerinden incelenmiştir. Böylece DP öncesi dönemde eğitimde neler yapıldığı görülmeye çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra ise yine aynı yıllıklar kullanılarak 1950-1960 yılları arasında Balıkesir’de bahsi geçen alanlarda sayısal veriler üzerinden ayrıntılı bir inceleme yapılmıştır. İncelemeler sonucu elde edilen bilgiler döküman analiz tekniği kullanılarak DP dönemi Balıkesir’de eğitim konusu aydınlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ortaya konulan bu çalışmada başta Maarif Yıllıkları olmak üzere konu ile ilgili araştırma ve inceleme eserlerden de istaifade edilmiş ve Balıkesir’de 1950-1960 yılları arasında eğitim alanındaki gelişmeler kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Romantik İlişkilerinde Sosyal Ağ Sitelerinin Rolünü Keşfetmek
Authors: KOŞAN Yavuz
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, romantik ilişkisi olan üniversite öğrencilerinin romantik ilişkilerini sosyal ağ siteleri aracılığıyla nasıl deneyimlediklerine ve kullanıcı davranışlarını nasıl algıladıklarına odaklanmıştır. Türkiye’de yürütülen çalışmalarda sosyal ağ sitesi kullanımının romantik ilişkileri deneyimleme şeklini nasıl etkilediğine yönelik nitel çalışmaların bulunmaması bu araştırmanın çıkış noktasıdır. Çalışma, bir devlet üniversitesinin lisans bölümlerinde öğrenim gören ve romantik ilişkisi bulunan 20-28 yaş arasındaki 12 (6 kız, 6 erkek) katılımcıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu fenomenolojik araştırmada, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla elde edilen bulgular tematik analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular sosyal ağ sitelerinin kullanım şeklinin romantik kıskançlığı tetiklediğini göstermektedir. Sosyal ağ sitelerinin potansiyel eş hakkında bilgi toplamak için önemli bir kaynak olduğu aynı zamanda diğer kullanıcılardan gelen çeşitli beğeni, mesaj, yorum ve isteklerin romantik ilişkiyi tehdit eden unsurlar olarak algılandığı katılımcılar tarafından ifade edilmiştir. Katılımcıların romantik ilişkilerine yönelik tehdit olarak algıladıkları davranışları önlemek amacıyla; romantik ilişkilerini görünürlüğünü ve bilinirliğini arttırmaya yönelik ortak hesap açma ve ilişki durumunu belirten çeşitli paylaşımlar yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca sosyal ağ sitesi kullanım sıklığı ve kullanım şeklinin romantik kıskançlığı tetiklediği ve bunun bir sonucu olarak katılımcıların romantik eşlerini izleme davranışını sergiledikleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ve sonuçların bundan sonraki çalışmalara kaynaklık edeceği düşünülmektedir.
Women’s Role in the Foundation and Development of Private Libraries During the Second Half of the 19th and the Beginning of the 20th Centuries (Based on the Materials from the Upper Volga Area)
Authors: Solovyov Alexei A.
Published: December 2022

The article deals with little-studied issues related to the role of women, who represented various social classes, in the foundation and development of private libraries in three provinces of the Upper Volga area during the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. As exemplified by the Vladimir, Kostroma and Yaroslavl Provinces, womens contribution to the foundation of libraries in both urban and rural areas has been studied. Based on numerous archival materials from todays Russian regions, the author concludes that private libraries founded upon womens initiative at the beginning of the 20th century were one of the significant components of the library realm in the Upper Volga area.
Pharmacokinetics and Cognitive Side Effcets of Cannabidiol In Adult Patients
Authors: Miss. Akanksha N. Mote  , Miss. Pratiksha B. Bhise  , Miss. Rasika D. Chavan  , Miss. Prapti P. Patil  , Manohar D. Kengar
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, there's a great interest in the possible medical use of cannabidiol( CBD), anon-intoxicating cannabinoid. Productive pharmacological investigation on CBD passed in the 1970s and boosted freshly with multiple discoveries about the Endocannabinoid System. The World Health Organization( WHO) Considers registering cannabis and cannabinoids. CBD use around the world is developing for conditions that need scientific proof of the medicine’s efficacacy. The effect of cannabinoids on anesthesia is mentioned compactly. Important Advances have taken place in cannabinoid study over the last many times and have conducted to the discovery of new Ligands. The possible clinical operations of these ligands and the direction of coming study are agitated.
Violência sexual na infância: gênero, raça e classe em perspectiva interseccional
Authors: Teodoro Cristina
Published: December 2022

O artigo objetiva analisar ocorrências de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes, considerando a intersecção de gênero, classe, raça e idade. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, buscou-se compreender o conceito de violência sexual e seus impactos, posteriormente, foram utilizados como base os dados produzidos sobre violência e abuso sexual, com o recorde de gênero, raça e idade, divulgados pela Vigilância em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde, para o período entre 2011 e 2017. Para a análise foram utilizadas, como referência teórica, a literatura sobre gênero, raça, classe e infância e, ainda, o conceito de interseccionalidade, cunhado, além de outras autoras, por Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw. Como resultado, ficou evidente que as meninas negras, na faixa etária entre um e nove anos, sofrem violência sexual mais prevalentemente e que, o índice entre aquelas que têm até cinco anos vem aumentando significativamente no período entre 2011 e 2017. Do ponto de vista deste artigo, além da necessidade de divulgação dos dados com o recorte dos marcadores sociais mencionados – gênero, raça, classe e idade – é premente o desenvolvimento de estratégias e a formulação de políticas que assegurem os direitos das meninas negras, como crianças e sujeitos de direito.
O médico, a fé e os operários: militância comunista entre traumas, interditos e narrativas históricas
Authors: Ribeiro Felipe Augusto dos Santos
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo pretende abordar questões relativas a traumas e interditos acerca da militância comunista em narrativas históricas. Como mote para sua abordagem, o texto apresenta um grupo de trabalhadores têxteis do município de Magé, estado do Rio de Janeiro, como objeto de estudo e propõe analisar as variadas deferências ao médico comunista Irun Sant’Anna em entrevistas de história oral. A partir do debate sobre memórias e identidades, em diálogo com as proposições de E. P. Thompson e Mike Savage sobre processos de formação de classe e idealizações recorrentes de quem pesquisa a temática, o artigo busca evidenciar e discutir elementos complexos do grupo operário analisado, visando aprofundar reflexões mais abrangentes relacionadas ao estudo sobre história do trabalho no Brasil.
La cláusula rebus sic stantibus en el ámbito laboral. Una prolongación del artículo 41 del Estatuto de los Trabajadores en tiempos de crisis
Authors: Iglesias Osorio Brais Columba
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo aporta una visión crítica de la ascendente incidencia, en el ámbito contencioso laboral, de los excesos de la facultad del «poder de dirección» de la persona titular de la empresa para la modificación contractual y/o convencional de las condiciones de trabajo aduciendo que se dan los requisitos exigidos por la jurisprudencia para la aplicación de la cláusula rebus sic stantibus por la concurrencia de circunstancias sobrevenidas e imprevistas que alteran el equilibrio prestacional. Esta vía alternativa empresarial a la modificación sustancial de las condiciones de trabajo prevista en el artículo 41 del Estatuto de los Trabajadores se ha activado tras la crisis financiera de 2008 y especialmente por la persistente infección vírica de la COVID-19. En estos contextos de crisis imprevistas, la parte empresarial puede hacer valer su imperio para invocar la cláusula rebus sic stantibus a la espera de que la persona trabajadora impugne esta medida empresarial ante la jurisdicción ordinaria. En cambio, la persona trabajadora, cuando se produce un desajuste prestacional en su contra, no dispone de mecanismos legales de presión (la huelga novatoria está prohibida) ni de la opción a acogerse a la extinción indemnizada. La rigidez del principio pacta sunt servanda se aplica a la persona trabajadora con mayor severidad también en tiempos de crisis.
UI Design of Medical Check-Up Information System at Pratama Clinic Based on Design Thinking Method
Authors: Misrina Nana , Supratman Edi , Ariandi Muhamad , Ulfa Maria , Suyanto Suyanto
Published: December 2022

Medical Chek Up (MCU) or Periodic health checks are part of occupational health services that are the right of every worker and as part of preventing health risks to all workers and to reduce the risk of sudden death due to illness in the workplace, it is necessary to carry out annual periodic health checks as a worker obligation that must be carried out once a year. The purpose of this study was to design the User Interface (UI) of the Medical Check-Up Mobile application  to make it easier for workers to find out the results of their examinations and doctors can evaluate the health status of workers. The object of this study was carried out at the Pratama Clinic of PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga Sub Holding Marketing Region Sumbagsel. The research method in this study is a descriptive method that is usually used to solve problems, by describing and describing the classified data. While the design method used is Design Thinking. The results of  the User Interface design  can later be used as a proposal to the Pratama Clinic of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Subholding Marketing Sumbagsel Region for further implementation by the Internal IT Team.
Analysis of Information Technology Governance Using COBIT 2019 Framework (Case study: PT. Bangkit Anugerah Bersama)
Authors: Putra Steven Chrisdianta , Wijaya Agustinus Fritz
Published: December 2022

PT. Bangkit Anugerah Bersama is a pharmaceutical company that focuses on distributing medical devices to various pharmacies in major cities in Indonesia, in carrying out its business processes PT Bangkit Anugerah Bersama has implemented information technology and continues to grow to create innovations. innovation in utilizing technology, in this case, it is necessary to design IT governance at PT Bangkit Anugerah Bersama, so this research was made which aims to design IT governance using COBIT 2019 so that business processes and IT implementation can run in harmony. The method used in this research is descriptive by conducting interviews with IT staff at PT Bangkit Anugerah Bersama. The analysis of the design of information technology governance in this study uses a design toolkit that includes 10 design factors from COBIT 2019. Based on the research conducted, it produces a design of information technology governance with a total of 4 domains that are important for the company, this is taken from sub-sections that have value ≥ 50 of them are BAI06, BAI03, BAI11 and BAI02.
Implementation of Fuzzy C-Means and Topsis in College Rankings
Authors: Purnomo Joko , Sukemi Sukemi , Parwito Parwito
Published: December 2022

Prior to now, the ranking of higher education institutions, particularly those at the Regional II Palembang Higher Education Service Institution, was based on one component of the work unit's criteria. This makes the university ranking results superior on one criterion but inferior on another. The number of instructors and the number of students at 100 universities in the South Sumatra region were split into two groups based on the outcome of the fuzzy c means algorithm grouping and regional criteria and calculated based on the resulting mean value. The grouping results using a topsis algorithm decision-making system with a weight determined by the number of lecturers with functional positions, college accreditation, number of certified lecturers, and percentage level of higher education database reports are used as a reference to rank universities. Based on the mean value of the fuzzy c means algorithm and the grouping results, seven colleges were chosen. Using the topsis method's way of making decisions, the final score for the highest-ranked college is 0.850.
Design and Build of Road Damage Information System in Madiun Regency Using Web Development Life Cycle Methods
Authors: Amadi Dwi Nor , Utomo Pradityo , Budiman Arief
Published: December 2022

Government infrastructure development is growing rapidly, starting from the central and provincial levels. One of the infrastructures currently being pushed by the government is road infrastructure. Both toll roads, regional roads, and district/city roads. Road infrastructure that has been built requires maintenance and repair. Road damage maintenance and repair in urban districts, especially Madiun Regency, Existing Road damage data is still recorded manually using paper, where the government needs help knowing data on road damage that has been recorded, which road conditions have not been repaired, and which have been fixed immediately. Because manual data is prone to wear and loss, tucked in with other manual files. So, the road improvement priority in Madiun Regency still needs to be put on target. For this reason, an information system is required to record the damage to road infrastructure in Madiun Regency. This information system was built using the web development life cycle (WDLC) method. We chose this method because it can be used in all web application development processes and can be modified or added to prototyping and looping to maximize results. The information system for road damage in Madiun Regency was developed using the PHP & MySQL programming languages. The result of this study is a road damage information system that contains updated data on road damage conditions in the Madiun district. Apart from being paperless, digitized data has the advantage of minimal damage and expected data loss and can help decision-makers prioritize repairs by looking at the data in the road damage information system.
BANKA DIŞI MALİ KURULUŞLARDA SERMAYE YAPISI İLE KÂRLILIK ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN PANEL VERİ YÖNTEMİ İLE ANALİZİ
Authors: ŞEKER Kudbeddin
Published: December 2022

Kurumsal bir firmanın varlığının özü, hissedarların değerini maksimize ederek kâr elde etmektir. Firmalar, toplam sermaye maliyetini azaltıp, hisselerin piyasa fiyatını artırarak bu amacı gerçekleştirmek isterler. Minimum sermaye maliyeti, firmanın sermayesini borç ve özsermayenin optimum karışımı yoluyla finanse etmesidir. Araştırmada banka dışı mali kuruluşlarda sermaye yapısı ile kârlılık arasındaki ilişkinin panel veri analizi ile tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için 2008-2022 yıllarına ait üçer aylık veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkenleri olarak; aktif karlılığı oranı (LNROA) ve öz sermaye kârlılık oranı (LNROE) kullanılmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenler olarak “özkaynak/toplam aktifler” (LNOKTA) ile “yabancı kaynak/toplam aktifler” (LNYKTA) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, kârlılığı etkileyen faktörlerden sadece LNYKTA değişkeni ile kârlılık gös¬tergesi LNROA arasında anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü ilişki bulunmuştur. LNYKTA oranındaki bir birimlik değişim, karlılık göstergesi LNROA’ da 18.81’lik bir artışa neden olmaktadır. Karlılığı etkileyen faktörlerden LNOKTA ve LNYKTA değişkenleri ile karlılık gös-tergesi LNROE arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır.
Where does the dust deposited over the Sierra Nevada snow come from?
Authors: Huang Huilin , Qian Yun , Liu Ye , He Cenlin , Zheng Jianyu , Zhang Zhibo , Gkikas Antonis
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Mineral dust contributes up to one-half of surface aerosol loading in spring
over the southwestern United States, posing an environmental challenge that threatens
human health and the ecosystem. Using self-organizing map (SOM) analysis
with dust deposition and flux data from WRF-Chem and Modern-Era
Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2),
we identify four typical dust transport patterns across the Sierra Nevada,
associated with the mesoscale winds, Sierra barrier jet (SBJ),
North Pacific High (NPH), and long-range cross-Pacific westerlies,
respectively. We find that dust emitted from the Central Valley is
persistently transported eastward, while dust from the Mojave Desert and
Great Basin influences the Sierra Nevada during mesoscale transport
occurring mostly in winter and early spring. Asian dust reaching the
mountain range comes either from the west through straight isobars
(cross-Pacific transport) or from the north in the presence of the NPH.
Extensive dust depositions are found on the west slope of the mountain,
contributed by Central Valley emissions and cross-Pacific remote transport.
In particular, the SBJ-related transport produces deposition through
landfalling atmospheric rivers, whose frequency might increase in a warming
climate.
An improved formula for the complete data fusion
Authors: Ceccherini Simone , Zoppetti Nicola , Carli Bruno
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The complete data fusion is a method that combines independent measurements of atmospheric vertical profiles. Recently a new formula for the complete data fusion, which does not contain matrices that can be singular and overcomes the generalized inverse approximation used when singular matrices have to be inverted, has been proposed. We show that the new formula is a generalization of the original one and analyze the analytical relationship between the two formulas when generalized inverse matrices are used for the inversion of singular matrices. We extend the new
formula to include interpolation and coincidence errors, which must be
considered when the profiles to be fused are measured on different vertical
grids and at different times and/or locations. Finally, we use a real
measurement of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) instrument to show the improved performances of the
new formula with respect to the original one.
Hydraulic suppression of basal glacier melt in sill fjords
Authors: Nilsson Johan , van Dongen Eef , Jakobsson Martin , O'Regan Matt , Stranne Christian
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Using a conceptual model, we examine how hydraulically-controlled exchange flows in silled fjords affect the relationship between the basal glacier melt and the features of warm intermediate Atlantic Water (AW) outside the fjords. We show that an exchange flow can be forced to transit into the hydraulic regime if the AW interface height decreases, the AW temperature increases, or the production of glacially modified water is boosted by subglacial discharge. In the hydraulic regime, the heat transport across the sill becomes a rate limiting factor for the basal melt, which is suppressed. An interplay between processes near the ice–ocean boundary and the hydraulically-controlled exchange flow determines the melt dynamics, and the sensitivity of the basal melt to changes of the AW temperature is reduced. The model results are discussed in relation to observations from Petermann, Ryder, and 79° N glaciers in North Greenland.
Missing sea-level rise in southeast Greenland during and since the Little Ice Age
Authors: Woodroffe Sarah Alice , Wake Leanne Mary , Kjeldsen Kristian K. , Barlow Natasha Louise Mary , Long Antony James , Kjaer Kurt Henrik
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The Greenland Ice Sheet has been losing mass at an accelerating rate over the past two decades. Understanding ice mass and glacier changes during the preceding several hundred years, prior to geodetic measurements, is more difficult because evidence of past ice extent in many places was later overridden. Saltmarshes provide the only continuous records of Relative Sea Level (RSL) from close to the Greenland Ice Sheet that span the period of time during and since the Little Ice Age (LIA) and can be used to reconstruct ice mass gain and loss over recent centuries. Saltmarsh sediments collected at the mouth of Dronning Marie Dal, close to the Greenland Ice Sheet margin in southeast Greenland, record RSL changes over the past c. 300 years through changing sediment and diatom stratigraphy. These RSL changes record a combination of processes that are dominated by local/regional changes in Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance during this critical period that spans the maximum of the LIA and 20th Century warming. In the early part of the record (1725–1762 CE) the rate of RSL rise is higher than reconstructed from the closest isolation basin at Timmiarmiut, but between 1762–1880 CE the RSL rate is within the error range of rate of RSL change recorded in the isolation basin. RSL begins to slowly fall around 1880 CE and then accelerates since the 1990s, with a total amount of RSL fall of 0.08 ±0.1 m in the last 140 years. Modelled RSL, which takes into account contributions from post-LIA Greenland Ice Sheet Glacio-isostatic Adjustment (GIA), ongoing deglacial GIA, the global non-ice sheet glacial melt fingerprint, contributions from thermosteric effects, the Antarctic mass loss sea-level fingerprint and terrestrial water storage, over-predicts the amount of RSL fall since the end of the LIA by at least 0.5 m. The GIA signal caused by post-LIA Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss is by far the largest contributor to this modelled RSL, and error in its calculation can have a large impact on RSL predictions at Dronning Marie Dal. We cannot reconcile the modelled RSL and the saltmarsh observations, even when moving the termination of the LIA to 1800 CE and reducing the post-LIA Greenland mass loss signal by 30 %, and a ‘budget residual’ of +~2.5 mm/yr since the end of the LIA remains unexplained.
Global land surface 250 m 8 d fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR) product from 2000 to 2021
Authors: Ma Han , Liang Shunlin , Xiong Changhao , Wang Qian , Jia Aolin , Li Bing
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active
radiation (FAPAR) is a critical land surface variable for carbon cycle
modeling and ecological monitoring. Several global FAPAR products have been
released and have become widely used; however, spatiotemporal inconsistency
remains a large issue for the current products, and their spatial
resolutions and accuracies can hardly meet the user requirements. An
effective solution to improve the spatiotemporal continuity and accuracy of
FAPAR products is to take better advantage of the temporal information in
the satellite data using deep learning approaches. In this study, the latest
version (V6) of the FAPAR product with a 250 m resolution was generated from
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectance
data and other information, as part of the Global LAnd Surface Satellite
(GLASS) product suite. In addition, it was aggregated to multiple coarser
resolutions (up to 0.25∘ and monthly). Three existing global FAPAR
products (MODIS Collection 6; GLASS V5; and PRoject for On-Board Autonomy–Vegetation, PROBA-V, V1) were used to
generate the time-series training samples, which were used to develop a
bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) model. Direct validation
using high-resolution FAPAR maps from the Validation of Land European Remote
sensing Instrument (VALERI) and ImagineS networks revealed that the GLASS V6
FAPAR product has a higher accuracy than PROBA-V, MODIS, and GLASS V5, with
an R2 value of 0.80 and root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of 0.10–0.11
at the 250 m, 500 m, and 3 km scales, and a higher percentage (72 %) of
retrievals for meeting the accuracy requirement of 0.1. Global spatial
evaluation and temporal comparison at the AmeriFlux and National Ecological
Observatory Network (NEON) sites revealed that the GLASS V6 FAPAR has a
greater spatiotemporal continuity and reflects the variations in the
vegetation better than the GLASS V5 FAPAR. The higher quality of the GLASS
V6 FAPAR is attributed to the ability of the Bi-LSTM model, which involves
high-quality training samples and combines the strengths of the existing
FAPAR products, as well as the temporal and spectral information from the
MODIS surface reflectance data and other information. The 250 m 8 d GLASS V6 FAPAR product for 2020 is freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6405564
and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6430925 (Ma, 2022a, b) as well as at the University of Maryland for 2000–2021
(http://glass.umd.edu/FAPAR/MODIS/250m, last access 1 November 2022).
Technical note: Mobile, discrete in situ vapor sampling for measurements of matrix-bound water stable isotopes
Authors: Herbstritt Barbara , Gralher Benjamin , Seeger Stefan , Rinderer Michael , Weiler Markus
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Methodological advancements have been made in in situ observations of water stable isotopes that have provided valuable insights in ecohydrological processes. The continuous measurement capabilities of laser-based analyzers allow for high temporal resolutions and non-destructive, minimally invasive study designs of such in situ approaches. However, isotope analyzers are expensive, heavy, and require shelter and access to electrical power which impedes many in situ assays. Therefore, we developed a new, inexpensive technique to collect discrete water vapor samples in the field via diffusion-tight inflatable bags that can later be analysed in the lab. In a series of structured experiments, we tested different procedural settings, bag materials, and closure types for diffusion-tightness during storage as well as for practical handling during filling and extraction. To facilitate re-usage of sampling bags, we present a conditioning procedure using ambient air as primer. In order to validate our method, direct measurements through hydrophobic in situ probes were compared to repeated measurements of vapor sampled with our bags from the same source. Performing pertinent calibration procedures, accuracy was better than 0.4 ‰ for δ18O and 1.9 ‰ for δ2H after one day of storage. Our technique is particularly suitable in combination with minimal invasive water vapor sampling in situ probes that have already been employed for soils and tree xylem. It is an important step towards monitoring stable isotope distributions and also time-series in soils and trees without the need to have field-access to an analyzer and therefore a promising tool for many applications in eco-hydrology and meteorology.
Technical Note: Space–time statistical quality control of extreme precipitation observations
Authors: El Hachem Abbas , Seidel Jochen , Imbery Florian , Junghänel Thomas , Bárdossy András
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Information about precipitation extremes is of vital importance for many hydrological planning and design purposes. However, due to various sources of error, some of the observed extremes may be inaccurate or false.
The purpose of this investigation is to present quality control of observed extremes using space–time statistical methods. To cope with the highly skewed rainfall distribution, a Box–Cox transformation with a suitable parameter was used. The value at the location of a potential outlier is estimated using the surrounding stations and the calculated spatial variogram and compared to the suspicious observation. If the difference exceeds the threshold of the test, the value is flagged as a possible outlier. The same procedure is repeated for different temporal aggregations in order to avoid singularities caused by convection. Detected outliers are subsequently compared to the corresponding radar and discharge observations, and finally, implausible extremes are removed. The procedure is demonstrated using observations of sub-daily and daily temporal resolution in Germany.
Assessment Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Tuberculosis Among Syrian People: An online cross-sectional study
Authors: Jabban Yazan Khair Eldien , Swed Sarya , Bohsas Haidara , Alibrahim Hidar , Sawaf Bisher , Hafez Wael
Published: December 2022

Background: TB was reported to have the highest mortality rate among other infectious diseases in 2018 worldwide. Syria and other low-income countries have a higher incidence rate of TB in comparison to high-income countries. Stigma toward TB is extremely high in low-income countries like Syria, and these stigma delays patients from seeking healthcare facilities. Our purpose in this study is to assess the Syrian's knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward TB and understand their Practice related to this disease. 

 

Methods: An online cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed between15 September 7 October 2022, among Syrians to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward TB. This questionnaire was adapted from a published study, and the inclusion criteria were all male and female Syrian citizens aged 18 or above. The survey was divided into four questions: the first section assessed sociodemographics, and the other sections were about knowledge, attitude, and practices, respectively. Using IBM SPSS V. 28.0, the data were submitted to descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

 

Results: About (38.6%) of the 1407 participants in this research were male. The research participants' knowledge scores indicated that 78.1% have excellent knowledge. However, 54.1% of interviewees agreed that shaking someone's hand may transmit tuberculosis. Regarding attitude, more than two-thirds (85.7%) of the participants in the survey had an optimistic outlook. Accordingly, most participants (81.3%) had effective TB preventive and control practices. Participants aged 61 to 70 had more TB knowledge than other age groups (P value<0.05; mean=6.63, SD=1.13). Participants with chronic illness had a more positive attitude toward tuberculosis than those without (P value<0.05) (mean=2.17, SD=0.63). Participants with a university degree demonstrated more TB practice than those with lower levels of education (mean=6.17, SD=0.85). Participants with a university degree were expected to have 4.38 times more TB knowledge than those without formal education (P 0.05). Participants with a university degree were projected to practice tuberculosis 10.63 times more often than those without education (P 0.001).

 

Conclusion: Our results indicate that there is poor knowledge regarding the route of transmission of TB; therefore, more efforts should be made to raise awareness about TB transmission, as understanding these facts is a crucial aspect in mitigating the incidence of TB. Consequently, individuals reported poor practices toward TB; for that reason, educating individuals about good practices toward TB should take priority in Syria as war has destroyed the understructure of the healthcare system.
Pelatihan Kemampuan Berbicara Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Dasar bagi Guru dan Karyawan SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto
Authors: Furqon Miftahul , Anjarani Shelia , Suroso Bambang
Published: December 2022

Program IbM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris tingkat dasar bagi guru dan karyawan SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto. Berdasarkan hasil observasi, kemampuan bahasa Inggris peserta tidak terlalu beragam, yaitu berada pada tingkat pra-pemula (sebelum tingkat dasar). Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan secara terstruktur dalam jangka waktu 4 bulan. Berdasarkan pelaksanaan pelatihan dan evaluasi hasil, penulis menyimpulkan sebagai berikut: (1) pemahaman tata bahasa guru dan karyawan SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto meningkat secara cukup signifkan. Salah satu fokus materi dalam pelatihan ini adalah pembelajaran tata bahasa secara terintegrasi ke dalam kegiatan berbicara. Peserta pelatihan dapat memahami tata bahasa dengan lebih mudah dan aplikatif; dan (2) kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris guru dan karyawan SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto meningkat secara cukup signifikan. Peserta lebih termotivasi untuk secara aktif dalam menggunakan ekspresi dalam bahasa Inggris di lingkungan kerjanya. Selain itu, kepercayaan diri dan akurasi pengucapan kosa kata bahasa Inggris peserta juga meningkat secara cukup signifikan. Pengabdian ini dilakukan pada konteks guru dan karyawan di sebuah sekolah yang memiliki sister school di luar negeri, sehingga kebermanfaatannya lebih signifikan untuk sekolah terkait. Di masa yang akan datang, pengabdian semacam ini dapat diperluas konteksnya untuk mendapatkan luaran yang lebih komprehensif.
Program Tanggap Darurat Penanganan Limbah B3 di Lingkungan Proyek Bendungan Jlantah Karanganyar
Authors: Adhi Bagas Wahyu , Fitroh Bagus Andika , Rahayu Hayu , Hidayawan Ahmad , Kurniawan Andri , Setiyanto Beni
Published: December 2022

Pembangunan suatu proyek menunjukan adanya kemajuan pembangunan infrastruktur yang ada. Pelaksanaan pembangunan proyek tentunya memerlukan beberapa perencanaan, pengendalian, dan pelaksanaan yang matang agar tujuan pembangunan sesuai dengan kulaitas yang dinginkan. Limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3) merupakan hasil sisa dari suatu proyek yang mengandung bahan racun karena adanya sifat zat yang dapat merusak lingkungan hidup dan mengganggu kesehatan pekerja selama dalam masa pelaksanan proyek baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Permasalahan yang ada di proyek bendungan Jlantah adalah banyaknya limbah material bangunan yang berserakan di lingkungan proyek yang kurang teratasi sehingga akan berdampak negatif terhadap keselamatan pekerja proyek. Program kegiatan penanggulangan limbah B3 diberikan kepada seluruh pekerja proyek bertujuan agar limbah didalam lingkungan proyek dapat teratasi secara maksimal dan pengolahan limbah ekonomis harus dilaksanakan secara terus menerus demi meminimalisir adanya limbah dalam jumlah banyak. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat di lingkungan proyek dilaksanakan dengan cara praktik penanganan secara langsung terhadap adanya limbah hasil pelaksanaan proyek yang memungkinkan dapat mencemari lingkungan sekitar dan dapat mengganggu kesehatan pekerja proyek. Hasil dari pelaksanaan dan evaluasi secara berkala pada proyek jlantah adalah semakin gencar pekerja dalam mengolah limbah ekonomis proyek dan menangani limbah non ekonomis dengan benar sehingga tidak menciptkan cemaran bagi lingkungan proyek dan lingkungan sekitar proyek.
Burbot
Authors: Everard Mark
Published: December 2022

The burbot is the second most widely distributed freshwater fish in the Northern Hemisphere. However, the burbot probably became extinct in the UK in the 1970s with the last record specimen being caught in 1969 in Cambridgeshire. It is the only member of the cod family found in freshwater. Details of the burbot, and also some reintroduction and recovery schemes across the broad geographical range – northern America and northern Eurasia – make the book of interest in these geographical areas.
Practical Color Genetics for Livestock Breeders
Authors: Sponenberg D. Phillip
Published: December 2022

For animal breeders colour coat genetics is one of the fundamental elements of breeding, along with health and conformation. Breeders need to know about colour coats for showing purposes and where the fibre is used in industry, for example sheep and alpaca wool. The science behind breeding for genetic traits is complex because of dominant and recessive traits. Because animals inherit two alleles for the base coat colour, it is possible that their phenotype, or visual appearance, does not reflect their underlying genotype. This book is a practical guide for breeders on the biology behind colour coats in large animals directing breeders on how to implement breeding strategies to achieve desired results.
Formulation and Evaluation of Floating Microspheres for an Antihypertensive drug Telmisartan
Authors: Baghel Chauhan Shikha , Nainwani Sakshi
Published: December 2022

Telmisartan is one of the best options either in combination or alone, to treat hypertension. telmisartan belongs to class II antagonist angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. One of the main causes of hypertension is vasoconstriction of blood vessels hence increasing blood pressure which can be controlled by drugs that have vasoconstriction property and telmisartan is one of them, and it also relaxes the blood vessels. The dosage form opted here is floating microspheres as it can provide sustain release of drug over long period of time. Floating microspheres have a tendency to float over gastric fluid hence increasing gastric retention time. These are preferred over conventional form as they provide advantage of reducing gastric irritation, lesser dosing frequency will be required as it provide slow continuous release for prolong period of time. The present research aims to formulate telmisartan floating microspheres and its evaluation. The technique used is solvent evaporation method by using magnetic stirrer. Already formulated telmisartan microspheres have lower bioavailability, drug entrapment and lower release kinetics so our main aim is to formulate such a preparation which have greater bioavailability, drug entrapment and greater kinetic release, and to formulate such a formulation we have opted using variant ratios of polymer Eudragit RS 100, Ethyl Cellulose with constant dose of drug. After formulation, various characterization is done that include micromeritics properties, floating efficiency, solubility, drug entrapment efficiency along with yield and release kinetics. The study revealed that, using a more than one polymer in a different ratio have an impact on every parameter of microspheres.
Floating Drug Delivery System: A Novel apporach for Delivery of Drug on Targated Organ
Authors: P. Sathe Pankaj. , Bavaskar Kedar , Jain Ashish
Published: December 2022

The goal of this review on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) was to compile latest data with a particular focus on the main mechanism of flotation for stomach retention. Drug delivery systems that float instantly when they come into contact with gastric fluids are promising approaches for increasing the bioavailability of drugs within absorption window in the stomach or upper small intestine. They are unstable in the intestinal or colonic environment and have low solubility at high pH values. The Current pharmaceutical scenario focuses on the development of sustained drug delivery systems to achieve required therapeutic concentration with less amount of dose. Oral delivery of the drug is the preferable drug delivery system. Because of the ease of administration, patient compliance and formulation flexibility. The ability to delay and control the emptying period of a dosage form in the stomach is an extremely variable process. For dosage forms that stay in the stomach for longer periods of time than standard dosage forms so the gastric transit time is a valuable asset for this system. The goal of this review article is to provide detailed information on the pharmaceutical basis of their design, classification, advantages, in vitro and in vivo evaluation parameters, and applications of floating systems. These systems can help with a variety of issues that arise during the development of a pharmaceutical dosage form, as well as the potential of FDDS in the future. This review article makes an attempt to introduce readers to current developments in floating drug delivery systems.