bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЕДІА ТА СПОГАД
Authors: Прокопець М. С.
Published: June 2021

Культура пам’яті завжди є результатом конфліктних політичних і соціальних переговорів. Що це взагалі означає? По суті, це термін, який з’явився в науковій і загальноприйнятій мові тільки з 1990-х років, який усе більше замінює старіше й патетичніше формулювання «управління минулим». У визначенні мюнхенського історика Ганса-Гюнтера Хокерта «культура пам’яті» – «м’яке збірне поняття для всієї неспецифічної наукової користі історії, яке необхідне для широкої публіки». Однак для того, щоб відповідати динаміці культур пам’яті, слід додати, що культура пам’яті є результатом публічних переговорів, які виникають у результаті напруженості між індивідуальним досвідом і пам’яттю, політично нормальною і соціально бажаною пам’яттю і науковою об’єктивною історією. Одним із важливих моментів напруженості є те, що публічно санкціоновані практики пам’яті не повинні завжди чи постійно відповідати приватним формам пам’яті. Традиції минулого про сім’ю (завдяки власним емоційним сторонам) регулярно досягають більш високої ефективності, ніж громадські свята пам’яті або виховання історії. Питання традицій історії та побудови образів минулого завжди відігравали важливу роль у самовизначенні індивідуумів, соціальних груп, інститутів правління, держав і націй. Це особливо помітно в часи переломів, коли керівні претензії і механізми стабілізації влади були засновані на нових або знову «вигаданих традиціях» та забезпечені новоствореною історією. Нині можна спостерігати дві, здавалося б, протилежні, але взаємозалежні тенденції: по-перше, перегляд і переосмислення національних історій, по-друге, відкриття національної історії в транснаціональній або глобалізованій перспективі.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ВИГУКІВ У СУЧАСНІЙ АНГЛІЙСЬКІЙ МОВІ (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ РОМАНУ ДІАНИ СЕТТЕРФІЛЬД «ТРИНАДЦЯТА КАЗКА»)
Authors: Ситенко О. О.
Published: June 2021

У статті розглянуто особливості функціонування вигуків у сучасній англійській мові на матеріалі роману Діани Сеттерфільд «Тринадцята казка», охарактеризовано лінгвістичну природу вигукових одиниць та класифіковано їх за різними лексико-семантичними критеріями. Вигуки є невід’ємним компонентом розмовної лексики і, відповідно, усного мовлення загалом, у самій природі яких закладена експресивна та емоційна ознаки. У сучасній лінгвістиці трактування вигуку є досить суперечливим, адже остаточно не визначений статус цієї частини мови, наводяться досить різні тлумачення вигуків, які не є завжди комплексними та не враховують усі характерні вигукам ознаки. Дотримуючись академічних граматик, потрактовуємо вигуки як особливий лексико- граматичний клас незмінюваних слів, які не належать ні до повнозначних, ні до службових, основна функція яких полягає у вираженні емоцій, почуттів, експресивних оцінок та вольових спонукань мовців. Семантика вигуків із її конкретно-ситуативним характером розкривається переважно в контексті, що свідчить про контекстуальну зумовленість вигукових одиниць. Ще однією невід’ємною ознакою, що комплексно подає семантико-синтаксичне кваліфікування вигуків, є інтонація, яка відіграє значну роль у визначенні значеннєвих відтінків. Отже, ті різноманітні емоції, що передають вигуки, є наслідком дії контекстуального оточення, випливають із ситуації мовлення і характеру їх інтонаційного оформлення. Щодо визначення функцій вигуків, то основними є комунікативна та стилістична. За лексико-семантичним характером вигуки класифікуються за різними критеріями й ознаками, переважно за емоційним наповненням, за функційною спрямованістю, ілокутивною силою, за сферою вживання, тощо. Вигуки є багатозначними одиницями будь-якої сучасної мови, серед комунікативно-прагматичних функцій яких можна виокремити такі: передання емоцій, почуттів, бажань адресанта, ставлення до адресата, до навколишньої дійсності, а також вплив на емоції, почуття співрозмовника.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЛЕКСИЧНИХ ТА ГРАМАТИЧНИХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙ В УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ ПЕРЕКЛАДІ РОМАНУ «СПОКУТА» ІЄН МАК’ЮЕН
Authors: Шпачинська І. В. , Альбота С. М.
Published: June 2021

Праця зосереджена на дослідженні перекладацьких трансформацій як засобу досягнення еквівалентності в перекладі. Під перекладацькою трансформацією ми розуміємо зміну формальних або семантичних компонентів вихідного тексту в тексті перекладу за збереження інформації, що призначена для передачі. Лексичні трансформації становлять собою відхилення від прямих словникових відповідників та виникають здебільшого тому, що об’єми значень лексичних одиниць вихідної та мови перекладу не збігаються. До лексичних трансформацій відносимо конкретизацію значень, генералізацію значень, додавання, вилучення та перестановку. Важливо перекладати лексичний елемент у сукупності його контекстуальних зв’язків та функціональних характеристик. Основними причинами виникнення лексичних трансформацій, на думку таких дослідниць у лінгвістичній галузі, як Т. Левицька й А. Фітерман, є різна словосполучність, різні вживання одного слова, різниця у смисловому об’ємі, різні ознаки одного денотата в різних мовах. Поняття граматичної трансформації визначено тим, що у процесі перекладу згідно з нормами мови перекладу перетворюється сама структура речення. Англійська й українська мови належать до різних типів мов індоєвропейської родини, тому наявна розбіжність між ними як на рівні порядку слів у реченні, так і в категоріях числа, інших граматичних форм і структур. Основні характеристики, а саме – внутрішній та зовнішній поділ речення, зміна порядку слів та компенсація – відносимо до граматичних трансформацій. За допомогою порівняльного аналізу текстів оригіналу та перекладу проілюстроване використання лексичних та граматичних трансформацій на прикладі перекладу українською мовою роману Ієна Мак’юена «Спокута». У процесі перекладу автор частіше схилявся до використання лексичних трансформацій для кращого сприйняття та зацікавленості читачів, рідше використовувались граматичні трансформації. Засвідчено спробу перекладача зберігати послідовність у структурі речення. Крім цього, важливим аспектом у перекладі було те, що перекладач врахував особливості індивідуальної художньої манери письменника та специфіку культури адресата інформації.
ВИСЛОВЛЕННЯ УЗАГАЛЬНЕНОГО ЗМІСТУ ЯК НЕПРЯМІ МОВЛЕННЄВІ АКТИ
Authors: Юрчишин Т. В. , Стецько І. І.
Published: June 2021

У статті представлено прагмалінгвістичний аналіз висловлень уза- гальненого змісту. Дослідження функціонування речень узагальненого змісту в мовленні та висновки стосовно комунікативної спрямовано- сті узагальнення окреслюють міркування щодо поліфункціональності узагальнених висловлень та варіативності їх прагмалінгвістичного статусу. Формуючи мовленнєвий акт, мовець вдається до висловлень узагальненого змісту, щоб з їхньою допомогою максимально реалі- зувати свій комунікативний намір, виконати комунікативне завдання. Висловлення узагальненого змісту виявляють тенденцію до функціо- нування як непрямих мовленнєвих актів. Водночас вони реалізують ті ж ілокутивні наміри, що й базові акти у структурі складних. Інакше кажучи, речення узагальненого змісту оформлюють класи непрямих репрезентативних, директивних, експресивних та комісивних мов- леннєвих актів. Використання висловлень узагальненого змісту як засобів непрямої комунікації детермінується специфікою прагматич- ної ситуації, що може конкретизуватись як попередні комунікативні невдачі адресанта, специфіка співрозмовників, бажання пом’якшити комунікативний намір, небажання нести відповідальність за свої вчинки, виконання непорядного комунікативного завдання, прихову- вання комунікативного наміру. Продукується висновок про те, що непряме вживання висловлень узагальненого змісту в ролі репрезентативів забезпечує певні кому- нікативні ефекти. Для репрезентативів це: а) ефект самозаспокоєння; б) увиразнення мовленнєвого портрету мовця; в) приглушення аген- тивності; г) послаблення емоційної напруги співрозмовника, ґ) вияв доброзичливості та прихильності до співрозмовника. Для директи- вів: а) ввічливість; б) мінімізація втручання у приватну сферу спів- розмовника; в) імперсоналізація; г) маскування непорядного кому- нікативного завдання. Для експресивів: а) неупереджене ставлення до співрозмовника; б) гумористичний ефект; в) прагматичний ефект провокативності. Непряме використання висловлень узагальненого змісту як комісивів, позначене ефектом переконливості.
Clinical Effect of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 64-slice Spiral CT in the Diagnosis of Ischemic Heart Disease Patients
Authors: Wang Jiamei , Zheng Xianling , Zhang Hongfeng , Qi Junjuan , Xiang Shifeng
Published: June 2021

Objective: To explore the clinical methods and clinical effects of applying magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 64-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of patients with ischemic heart disease. Methods: 100 patients with ischemic heart disease were selected as the research objects. Selecting the patients from May 2020 to May 2021 as a sample, the patients were divided into two groups, and different diagnostic methods were used to compare the clinical diagnosis effects. Results: In terms of the diagnostic accuracy of the two groups of patients, the maximum value was 92.00% (experimental group) and the minimum value was 80.00% (control group). There was a big difference in data between the two groups, P<0.05, which was statistically significant. The patient’s (experimental group) diagnosis accuracy rate is higher. Conclusion: In the process of research work for patients with ischemic heart disease, it is particularly important to diagnose the patients. The combined application of and 64-slice spiral CT can improve the clinical diagnosis efficiency and achieve significant results.
Analysis on Technical Transformation of Machining in Aviation Industry
Authors: Wang Yi
Published: June 2021

This paper focuses on the analysis of the aviation industry machining technology transformation, and its current development status. The entire development plan for numerical control machine tool needs to be perfected, and the balance of numerical control technology development has to be strengthened. Additionally, the utilization rate of numerical control machines is relatively low; thus, raise the rate of equipment, numerical control, and numerical control equipment usage, and enhance the mechanical processing technology management task. Its aim is to improve aviation industry machining efficiency, which leads to a good development in China’s aviation industry.
Menshenina S.G. Interdisciplinarity as a Means for Students’ Soft Skills Development
Authors: Labzina P. G. , Menshenina S. G.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The development of the business sphere, scientific and technological progress set the pace of engineering education modernization and stimulate the search for the optimal and close to real working conditions ways of improving and enhancing professional competences and soft skills of university graduates. Interdisciplinarity has become a professional fields trend comprising enormous potential to foster the research, implement its results into practice and facilitate students’ soft skills development.Materials and Methods. The study is based on the analysis and comparison of domestic and foreign experience on the problem of the research; pedagogical observation of the educational process; study and generalization of pedagogical experience; experimental work.Results. The interdisciplinary project “Hardware and software complex of augmented reality as a means of learning a foreign language” was carried out with students of different specialties on the bases of Samara State Technical University. The rationale for this project choice is related to the relevance of the information technologies use in educational process and the need to learn a foreign language for professional purposes. These conditions make us think of creating the innovative methodological support of educational process. Considering the development of students’ soft skills, special attention was paid to group dynamics, role functions, leadership, as well as environmental and context factors. Interdisciplinary interaction terms were identified: stable working relationships which help develop communication literacy skills; finding the effective conflict solution that stimulates thinking skills; role and time distribution for actualizing management and self-management skills; a common goal achieving which is conditioned by the combination of the main soft skills groups of effective thinking skills, communication skills, management and self-management skills.Discussion and Conclusion. Practical work within the interdisciplinary project proved the necessity of students’ soft skills development for achieving success in professional sphere. The most efficient way to better this process is to realize the interdisciplinary interaction due to its potential, represented by its resources, ideas and approaches from different fields, and opportunities for mastering the skills in question.
Efektivitas Handout pada Pembelajaran Kimia dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Siswa: Review
Authors: Ayu Venanda Risma Kurnia , Rinaningsih Rinaningsih
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of handouts as an alternative to learning chemistry in improving student achievement. The method used in this article is a meta-analysis of several pieces of literature relevant to the topic and research objectives. The handout was identified as having an optimal level of practicality, and was considered adequate for students because it made it easier for students in the learning process. The teacher's role in this method is more to strengthen the material by providing an understanding of the inappropriate material delivered by the group. The teacher and the students concluded the results obtained, and an assessment was carried out to determine the level of achievement of the cycle I. In the next stage in cycle II, the group assistants were expected to understand other students so that interactions between students were identified as contributing to the second cycle assessment results. The result is an increase in student achievement in both cognitive and affective aspects. The cognitive aspects previously at the level of achievement of 42.11% increased to 63.16% exceeding 60%. Meanwhile, the affective   aspect increased from 70.24% to 74.47%. The combination of discussion methods and handouts, and also videos as learning media can improve student learning outcomes or student achievement more effectively.
Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Pengetahuan Metakognitif pada Materi Pokok Asam Basa
Authors: Luawo Aprilia Herman , Salempa Pince , Ramlawati Ramlawati
Published: June 2021

The objective of the study is to examine the quality of metacognitive knowledge test instrument on Acid-Base subject. The metacognitive knowledge is a deep awareness and understanding on the process and product of cognition possessed by the students. This study is a Research and Development (R&D) using Plomp’s development model which consisted of 5 stages, namely (1) initial investigation stage, (2) design stage, (3) realization stage, (4) test, evaluation, and revision stage, and (5) implementation stage. The test subject of the research was grade XI MIPA 1 at SMAN 1 Makassar with 33 students. The result of the content of questions validity based on the three experts confirmed as valid with CVI value 1 in very appropriate category. The test result of students’ response questionnaire is stated as meet the criteria because it indicates positive response by 77.78%. The analysis result of  items validity is stated as valid category, rcount (Corrected Item Total Correlation) > rtable by 0.344; whereas, the items reliability is stated as reliable with the value of 0.827 which is in high category.   The analysis of the average difficulty level of items is 0.61 with moderate criteria. The test instrument of distractor power shows good category with the average 0.44. The analysis result of the students’ metacognitive knowledge level obtains the average of good category by 66.47%.
Analisis Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 terhadap Pembelajaran Kimia di SMA Negeri se-Kabupaten Wajo
Authors: Dalle Firda Anwar , Muharram Muharram , Hasri Hasri
Published: June 2021

This study aims to find out 1) planning, 2) implementation, 3) assessment of Chemistry learning in the 2013 Curriculum, 4) Obstacles in implementing Chemistry learning in the 2013 Curriculum. This type of research is classified as evaluation research. Sources of data were obtained from all Chemistry teachers in Senior High School of Wajo who had implemented the 2013 Curriculum, the research data included planning, implementing, evaluating Chemistry learning. Data collection techniques using checklist sheets, interviews, observations, questionnaires, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the Chemistry Learning Planning Aspects of the 2013 Curriculum in Senior High School of Wajo in the even semester of the academic year 2019/2020 reached 91% included in the very complete category, the Learning Implementation Aspect reached 87% included in the good category, and in the Aspect Chemistry Learning Assessment reached 73% included in the quite good category. The obstacles that have not been maximally implemented in the implementation of the 2013 curriculum are on the use of a scientific approach, the use of the 2013 curriculum-based learning model, as well as on the assessment of learning in the 2013 curriculum.
The Influence of Brand Equity on Consumer's Purchase Decision: A Quantitative study
Authors: Haeruddin Muhammad Ilham Wardhana
Published: June 2021

This study aims to explain influence between the elements of brand equity (Brand Awareness and Brand Loyalty) on Purchasing Decisions. The population in this study were consumers of PT. Semen Tonasa in Pangkep Regency. While the number of samples is as many as 63 respondents who were selected based on purposive sampling technique for two months of research at the Labakkang Jaya Shop. The data collection method used was the distribution of questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Multiple regression is used to analyize the data. From the regression analysis, the equation Y = 4.695 + 0.425X1 + 0.458X2 is obtained. The results of this study indicate that Brand Awareness and Brand Loyalty simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the purchase decision (Y) of Semen Tonasa. The variable of the brand equity element that has the dominant effect on the purchasing decision of Semen Tonasa is Brand Loyalty with a regression coefficient value of 0.458.
Implementation of Government Collaboration Policy and Citizen Toward Coronavirus: A Literature Review
Authors: Sukmawati Sukmawati , Rijal Rijal , Haz Musdalifah
Published: June 2021

Coronavirus is stated to have almost spread throughout the world. Indonesia became one of the countries exposed to the coronavirus. Therefore, Indonesia has made policies in dealing with coronavirus. One of these policies is the collaboration between the government and Palopo citizens in dealing with the coronavirus. This study aims to determine the implementation collaboration policy between the government and Palopo citizens in dealing with the coronavirus. This study employed literature research. Literature research is research used in collecting information and data with the help of various materials in the library such as documents, books, magazines, historical stories, and news. The sources in this study are based on the object studied and based on sources affiliated with the research. In this study, data collection was obtained from news and articles in online journals. This study showed that the implementation of collaboration policy between the government and Palopo citizens measured the communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. These are considered a lack of implementation.
KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MEMAHAMI DAN MENYUSUN SOAL HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) BENTUK URAIAN PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH TINGKAT PERTAMA
Authors: Sukmawati Sukmawati , Mustari Mustari , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahi kemampuan guru dalam memahami dan menyusun soal HOTS dalam bentuk uraian. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan fokus pada guru IPS dan PKn. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan tes, dengan analisis datanya adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan analisis hasil pelaksanaan tes untuk mengukur kemampuan guru dalam mengembangkan soal HOTS yang dilakukan pada pelaksanaan tindakan siklus pertama melalui pengisian instrumen diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: dari 10 pertanyaan yang diajukan, satu orang yang memperoleh nilai dengan kategori sangat tinggi, satu orang memperoleh nilai dengan kategori sedang dan empat orang (66%) peserta memperoleh nilai dengan kategori rendah, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan guru dalam memahami dan menyusun dan cara mengembangkan soal HOTS masih rendah.
RADIKALISME DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Yamin Muhammad Nur , Hanifah Millah , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana bentuk-bentuk radikalisme serta faktor-faktor yang membangun radikalisme di kalangan mahasiswa, dilihat dari resistensi terhadap norma menurut Robert K. Merton yaitu konformitas, inovasi, ritualisme, retreatisme, dan pemberontakan. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, tempat penelitian di Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Makassar, pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data hasil penelitian yang diperoleh kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data interaktif menurut Milless dan Hubermann yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk radikalisme dalam demonstrasi mahasiswa ditimbulakn oleh indikator inovasi dan pemberontakan, maka aksi demonstrasi yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa seringkali berakhir ricuh atau anarkis (telah terpapar dalam radikalisme), sedangkan jika dilihat dari indikator konformitas, ritualisme, dan retreatisme, bukan penyebab mahasiswa terpapar dalam radikal dalam demonstrasi yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa.  Adapun faktor-faktor yang membangun radikalisme dikalangan mahasiswa yaitu : Pertama, gerakan sosial dilahirkan oleh kondisi yang memberikan kesempatan bagi gerakan itu. Kedua, gerakan sosial timbul karena meluasnya ketidakpuasan atas situasi yang ada. Ketiga, gerakan sosial semata-mata masalah kemampuan kepemimpinan dari tokoh penggerak. Aksi demonstrasi mahasiswa yang berakhir ricuh tidak selamnya termasuk dalam radikalisme. pemegang kekuasaan terhadap pelaksanaan kebijakan yang dikeluarkan baik itu dalam sektor pemerintahan maupun universitas menghindari penggunaan kekerasan, hal ini juga berlaku bagi mahasiswa agar kiranya tidak menggunakan kekerasan dalam merespon kebijakan yang dikeluarkan sehingga hal ini dapat diterima oleh semua pihak.
KERANGKA KULTURAL PEMIKIRAN POLITIK DALAM LONTARA` BUGIS TERHADAP PENGUATAN BUDAYA KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: Artina Fitriah , Affandi Idrus , Amin Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemikiran politik lokal yang termuat dalam Lontara` bugis serta relevansinya dengan budaya kewarganegaraan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian kepustakaan. Data primer dalam penelitian ini ialah Lontara` yakni manuskrip warisan peninggalan pengetahuan orang bugis yang dituangkan dalam bentuk tulisan, diantaranya: Latoa, Lontarak Attoriolonna to-Bone, Lontara` No. 130 tentang Rapang, Lontara` Tellumpoccoe, Lontara` Koleksi YKSST Ujung Pandang (Makassar), data sekunder dalam penelitian ini ialah semua sumber kepustakaan yang memiliki relevansi dengan fokus penelitian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik dokumentasi dan dokumentar, dan kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif naratif, dan eksplorasi analisis wacana kritis. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran politik yang tertuang dalam Lontara` bugis bersifat moralistik-religius-demokratis, serta adanya komitmen penyelenggaraan kehidupan bernegara untuk kepentingan rakyat, memuat prinsip rule of law, partisipasi demokratis masyarakat, adanya jaminan hak-hak asasi manusia menurut paham kemanusiaan, serta perwujudan keadilan sosial, dampak dan relevansinya tehadap penguatan budaya kewarganegaraan bersifat integralistik secara struktural terhadap nilai-nilai Pancasila sebagai rujukan etika politik dalam penyelenggaraan kehidupan bernegara.
KEDUDUKAN JAMINAN FIDUSIA SERTA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI LEMBAGA PEMBIAYAAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Susilo Linda , Apriani Rani , Zubaedah Rahmi
Published: June 2021

Dalam era globalisasi ini tak dapat dipungkiri bahwa setiap kebutuhan seluruh lapisan masyarakat khususnya di Indonesia semakin pesat atau dapat dikatakan meningkat, yang dimana hal ini sangat berbanding dengan pendapatan setiap individu (masyarakat) untuk memenuhi segala kebutuhannya. Sehingga salah satu cara yang dilakukan sebagai pemenuh kebutuhan tersebut muncullah jasa lembaga pembiyaan konsumen, yang terbentuk atas dasar pengajuan hutang pituang atau kredit, dalam kegiatannta melakukan pengadaan arang/memberikan pembiayaan berdasarkan kebutuhan konsumen atau masyarakat dengan sistem pembayaran angsuran yang dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan usaha dan pengelolaan risiko. Sehingga kedudukan jaminan fidusia disini sebagai salah satu jaminan kebendaan untuk dapat memenuhi segala kebutuhan masyarakat, sehingga apabila sewaktu-waktu telah terjadi wanprestasi pada salah satu pihak maka hukum jaminan fidusia ini berperan dalam memberikan kepastian hukum bagi kedua belah pihak yang berkepentingan terutama pada pihak lembaga pembiayaan konsumen.
The usefulness of the RSTC medical questionnaire in pre-participation health risk assessment of recreational scuba divers in Hong Kong
Authors:   Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa, Cheung Tsz-Ki ,   Family Medicine and Primary Healthcare Division, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Meintjes Willem AJ ,   Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The current practice in Hong Kong is to have potential recreational divers complete a Recreational Scuba Training Council self-declared medical statement (RSTC form) prior to participation in diving. There are no reports in the literature on the usefulness of the Chinese version of the form. Methods: The Professional Association of Diving Instructors (PADI) RSTC form (Chinese version) was completed by 117 research participants who were then individually interviewed (without examination) to establish whether relevant information was not captured by the form. Any discrepancies or problems identified were recorded for further analysis. Results: Among participants, 15.4% expressed difficulty in completing the RSTC form. Less than one-third (28.2%) replied ‘all negative’ to the questions. Some health conditions that could impose diving risks were not elicited by the questionnaire alone. Nevertheless, there was good sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value with the exception of a few questions. However, significant discrepancies were identified when comparing the English and Chinese versions. There was also uncertainty with aspects of implementation, including attitudes of the user and provider, reliability of self-declaration answers and the handling of completed questionnaires. Conclusions: Health screening with a questionnaire for recreational divers remains practical and acceptable. Full revision of the RSTC form in Chinese is recommended in view of problems with the construct validity and translation. People should be informed about the non-prescriptive approach of health assessment for recreational divers. Further research on the implementation of the form may help to improve the screening strategy in the future.
Diving-related disorders in commercial breath-hold divers (Ama) of Japan
Authors:   Division of Neurosurgery, Nishinihon Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan, Kohshi Kiyotaka ,   Department of Environmental Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan, Tamaki Hideki ,   Department of Environmental Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan,   Division of Surgery and General Medicine, Tamaki Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan, Lemaître Frédéric ,   Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France,   CRIOBE USR 3278, CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, PSL, France, Morimatsu Yoshitaka ,   Department of Environmental Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan, Denoble Petar J ,   Divers Alert Network, Durham NC, USA, Ishitake Tatsuya ,   Department of Environmental Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
Published: June 2021

Decompression illness (DCI) is well known in compressed-air diving but has been considered anecdotal in breath-hold divers. Nonetheless, reported cases and field studies of the Japanese Ama, commercial or professional breath-hold divers, support DCI as a clinical entity. Clinical characteristics of DCI in Ama divers mainly suggest neurological involvement, especially stroke-like cerebral events with sparing of the spinal cord. Female Ama divers achieving deep depths have rarely experienced a panic-like neurosis from anxiety disorders. Neuroradiological studies of Ama divers have shown symptomatic and/or asymptomatic ischaemic lesions situated in the basal ganglia, brainstem, and deep and superficial cerebral white matter, suggesting arterial insufficiency. The underlying mechanism(s) of brain damage in breath-hold diving remain to be elucidated; one of the plausible mechanisms is arterialization of venous nitrogen bubbles passing through right to left shunts in the heart or lungs. Although the treatment for DCI in Ama divers has not been specifically established, oxygen breathing should be given as soon as possible for injured divers. The strategy for prevention of diving-related disorders includes reducing extreme diving schedules, prolonging surface intervals and avoiding long periods of repetitive diving. This review discusses the clinical manifestations of diving-related disorders in Ama divers and the controversial mechanisms.
Results of hyperbaric oxygen treatment in an at-risk nasal flap following trauma
Authors:   ENT Department, Istanbul University – Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey, Kara Sinem , İnci Ender ,   ENT Department, Istanbul University – Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey, Gözen E Deniz ,   ENT Department, Istanbul University – Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey,   Istanbul University – Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey, Gülgün K Cenk ,   Oksimer Hyperbaric Oxygen Center, Istanbul, Turkey, Yener H Murat ,   ENT Department, Istanbul University – Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey,   Istanbul University – Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: June 2021

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) is widely used in otorhinolaryngology for various purposes. A 20-year-old male patient was admitted following a traumatic nasal wound which occurred several hours prior. He had a nasal glass cut from the radix to the supratip area which was primarily closed by non-absorbable suture. The following day, there was a haematoma and necrosis of the skin. The haematoma was drained under local anaesthesia. Blood supply to the nasal skin was severely compromised and only the columellar artery remaining intact, by definition designating this a difficult to heal wound with the risk of overall healing failure. Necrosis of the skin had developed within the first 24 hours. Accordingly, the patient underwent 30 HBOT sessions (two hours at 253.3 kPa) twice daily for four days and daily thereafter. Antibiotic cover and conservative wound management were also used. Complete healing was achieved without the need for additional surgical intervention. We conclude that timely use of HBOT may be a valuable adjunct to conservative wound management in a case of sharp nasal trauma.
Prolonged syncope with multifactorial pulmonary oedema related to dry apnoea training: Safety concerns in unsupervised dry static apnoea
Authors:   Neurosurgery Department, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Tampa FL, USA, Valdivia-Valdivia Juan M ,   International Association for Development of Apnea (AIDA International) – Medical and Science Committee, Zurich, Switzerland, Räisänen-Sokolowski Anne ,   Pathology, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland,   The Centre for Military Medicine, The Finnish Defense Forces, Helsinki, Finland, Lindholm Peter ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego CA, USA
Published: June 2021

Many competitive breath-hold divers use dry apnoea routines to improve their tolerance to hypoxia and hypercapnia, varying the amount of prior hyperventilation and lung volume. When hyperventilating and exhaling to residual volume prior to starting a breath-hold, hypoxia is reached quickly and without too much discomfort from respiratory drive. Cerebral hypoxia with loss of consciousness (LOC) can easily result. Here, we report on a case where an unsupervised diver used a nose clip that is thought to have interfered with his resumption of breathing after LOC. Consequently, he suffered an extended period of severe hypoxia, with poor ventilation and recovery. He also held his breath on empty lungs; thus, trying to inhale created an intrathoracic sub-atmospheric pressure. Upon imaging at the hospital, severe intralobular pulmonary oedema was noted, with similarities to images presented in divers suffering from pulmonary barotrauma of descent (squeeze, immersion pulmonary oedema). Describing the physiological phenomena observed in this case highlights the risks associated with unsupervised exhalatory breath-holding after hyperventilation as a training practice in competitive freediving.
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for toxic epidermal necrolysis: A case report
Authors:   University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Medical Faculty, Department of Underwater and Hyperbaric Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey, Sümen Selin Gamze , Yakupoğlu Sezer ,   University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr Lütfi Kirdar City Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul, Turkey, Gümüş Tuna ,   University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr Lütfi Kirdar City Hospital, Department of Underwater and Hyperbaric Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey, Benzonana Nur ,   University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr Lütfi Kirdar City Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: June 2021

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a potentially life-threatening muco-cutaneous disease, largely caused by an idiosyncratic reaction to medication or infectious disease, and is characterised by acute necrosis of the epidermis. No definitive consensus regarding the treatment of TEN has been agreed. A 60-year-old woman, diagnosed with multiple myeloma three months prior, was admitted with signs of TEN to the intensive care burns unit. She had been given ciprofloxacin to treat a urinary tract infection. She complained of malaise and pain, with maculopapular and bullous eruptions over her whole body on the third day of ciprofloxacin administration. Her supportive cares included intravenous immunoglobulins, pain control with analgesics, wound care, nutrition, and fluid support. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) was added on the second day of admission. The patient underwent 5 sessions of HBOT at 243.1 kPa (2.4 atmospheres absolute). Desquamation was noted to stop after the first session of HBOT and re-epithelisation commenced rapidly. The patient was discharged from the burn unit after 14 days of hospital admission. Improvement in this case was temporally related to the initiation of HBOT.
SOMATIC MOVEMENTS AS A CONCEPT IN THE MODERN PARADIGM OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Voloshchenko Yurii
Published: June 2021

The object of the study of "Theory and methods of physical education," as a scientific and educational discipline, are the physical capabilities and abilities of man, which change through the purposeful influence of physical education. Exercise is a significant component of the physical improvement process. According to the theory of adaptation, "trace" effects accumulate as a result of repeated movements. In his "law of exercise," Lamarck said that frequent and prolonged use of the organ gradually strengthens it, and vice versa. However, the development of physical and mental abilities is not limited to the influence of movement on the human body. There is another side of the "law of exercise," first formulated by Diderot, and scientifically substantiated by Bernstein (1947) in his "theory of coordination" - the organism itself builds its own movements through exercise. Preliminary analysis of scientific sources showed the fragmentary research of this "other side," which determined this study's relevance.

Exercise purposefully affects the development of physical and mental abilities. Most scientists in their research turn to the development of physical qualities. By contrast, we pay attention to physical perfection's mental component, using somatic movements as a means. The concept of "somatic movements" requires perception, understanding, comprehension. The "phenomenology of the spirit," which we have taken as a basis for studying the problem of consciousness, belongs to the works without which it is impossible to imagine either the history of philosophy or philosophy as such. Hegel's goal is to "track and demonstrate the path that consciousness takes, starting from direct sensory perception and ending with scientific (philosophical) knowledge, which opens the rationality of reality." An essential element of the study is the study of the classification of somatic movements in the West. Understanding of this concept depends on the awareness of the "operational concept" of the object of somatic education, defined by The International Somatic Movement Education and Therapy Association (ISMETA). The cornerstone is the "illumination" of the concept of "awareness" (awareness) as the basis for the education of somatic movements. "Somatic movements" is a fundamental concept in the Feldenkrais method, on which we rely. One of Moshe's best students, Yochanan Rywerant, in his work "Acquiring the Feldenkrais profession," paid considerable attention to the mental component of the process of improving movement. Describing the method's goals and means, he noted that "the mere idea of acting differently depends on our needs and on our curiosity. But it also depends decisively on sensory feedback." That is, "the ability to change an intentional pattern of action and to perform it, not always in a stereotypical manner, seems important."

The purpose of the article is to find out the role of awareness in educating somatic movements.
Reflexões neurocognitivas no desenvolvimento das noções de sólidos geométricos no 7º ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Santos Márcio Ponciano dos , Fonseca Laerte Silva da , Santos Ivanete Batista dos , Cruz Alanne De Jesus
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho objetivou desenvolver significados dos conteúdos matemáticos por meio do treino da capacidade de armazenar informações na memória de longo prazo (MLP). Ele enfatizou uma abordagem metodológica usando de recursos didáticos manipuláveis (RDM) no ensino das noções de sólidos geométricos e seus elementos formadores. Essa prática constatou a eficiência do aprendizado, possibilitando aos alunos registrarem o conhecimento do conteúdo da aula em sua MLP, resultado comprovado nas aulas posteriores, pois quando o recurso utilizado era mencionado, automaticamente, o conteúdo sólidos geométricos surgia como temática das discussões. Neste trabalho fez-se uso da pesquisa documental e de campo, embasou-se, também, em pesquisas da área da neurociência cognitiva, como: Kandel et al. (1991), Gazzaniga et al. (2006), Oliveira (2014) e Vieira et al. (2016). Concluiu-se que o uso de RDM no processo de ensino e aprendizagem acionam maiores potenciais de ação e, consequentemente, um melhor aprendizado do conteúdo matemático trabalhado.
O direito de acesso à justiça para as mulheres indígenas no Estado Plurinacional Boliviano
Authors: Ferro Larissa Cristina de Sousa
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho trata do tema do acesso à justiça para as mulheres indígenas em território boliviano, em especial no contexto do governo de Evo Morales. O intuito é observar os avanços e também os desafios em garantir os direitos normatizados a partir da Constituição de 2009, em especial os direitos que tratam de um melhor acesso à justiça no âmbito do projeto de refundação estatal. A partir de uma visão que se atente não somente ao que acontece nos tribunais ordinários, mas também nas justiças indígenas e também nos processos sociais e políticos dessas mulheres. Para isso, se mostrou necessário um apanhado histórico do contexto boliviano de luta dos povos indígenas e da participação das mulheres e também da nova Constituição. O trabalho foi feito por meio de análise de documentos produzidos por órgãos internacionais, organizações de mulheres indígenas e encontros desses movimentos, além de algumas entrevistas feitas durante os estudos de mestrado. A partir desse levantamento foi possível refletir sobre os avanços e os problemas do acesso à justiça para as mulheres indígenas no novo Estado Plurinacional, ao mesmo tempo em que também se buscou reforçar o papel dessas mulheres como detentoras de vozes e ações que vêm lutando e criando estratégias para avançar em uma justiça intercultural de gênero.
Extrativismos e colonialidade: a Reserva Nacional do Cobre – Brasil
Authors: Isaguirre-Torres Katya Regina
Published: June 2021

O artigo analisa o extrativismo presente no modelo de desenvolvimento tendo como referência o caso da Reserva Nacional do Cobre no Brasil (RENCA). Metodologicamente o trabalho se vale do estudo de caso dos trâmites ocorridos no poder Executivo nos anos de 2017 e 2018 para analisar qual racionalidade sustenta o discurso desenvolvimetista para extinção da RENCA. Como objetivo específico indaga qual é a importância do debate público e da participação social em temas relacionados ao binômio ambiente/sociedade. Como resultado afirma-se que a racionalidade que embasa o discurso do desenvolvimento mantém-se atrelada ao perfil extrativista e é incapaz de conduzir à sustentabilidade, vez que a natureza é um limite ao ciclo do capital. Também observou-se que as estratégias de produção normativa reproduzem e garantem a permanência dessa racionalidade colonial exportadora de matérias primas, a qual acarreta efeitos perversos sob a base social e a qualidade ambiental. O estudo indica que um dos passos para decolonizar o poder, o ser e o saber é admitir os efeitos negativos do desenvolvimento capitalista de bases coloniais nas sociedades latino-americanas e, para isso, faz-se necessária a garantia de participação e deliberação de todos os grupos sociais. Por fim, repensar as estratégias extrativistas integra o campo de pesquisas do direito socioambiental e essa reflexão pode iniciar reconhecendo os limites que a racionalidade moderna eurocêntrica apresenta para garantia de maior respeito aos direitos da natureza e dos povos nas sociedades latino-americanas.
A emancipação das mulheres no meio rural: esfera em que o discurso de gênero ainda procura seu espaço
Authors: Toaldo Adriane Medianeira
Published: June 2021

O debate em torno das questões de gênero ainda é recente e está conquistando seu espaço, com maiores restrições no mundo rural em face de ser esta ainda uma sociedade com forte patriarcado. O presente estudo tem como objetivo o debate acerca da emancipação da mulher rural com fulcro nas questões de gênero, propondo seu empoderamento a partir de uma ressignificação de sua condição feminina e de sua percepção formada a partir de um olhar sobre si mesma. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, centrada no método hipótetico dedutivo, que debate o conceito de gênero, a situação da mulher rural e aponta caminhos para sua emancipação. Concluiu-se que, assim como acontece em solo urbano, ainda há muito a ser feito em prol da igualdade de gênero, sem perder a perspectiva de respeito às diferenças. Homens e mulheres, superadas as desigualdades que foram construídas simbolicamente, podem partilhar uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária, bastando, para tanto, que ambos estejam dispostos a mudar e abandonar paradigmas antigos.
Sobreposição de área protegida em território tradicional: o caso do Parque Nacional do Jaú e o Quilombo de Tambor, amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Benatti Jose Heder
Published: June 2021

Este estudo analisa a possibilidade de proteger a diversidade cultural e ambiental. Analisamos a experiência do Parque Nacional do Jaú e a disputa territorial (sobreposição fundiária) envolvendo unidade de conservação e território quilombola (comunidade do Tambor), no estado do Amazonas, Brasil. O conflito divide-se em: momento de resistência após a criação do Parque; e período quando surge a reinvindicação de reconhecimento do quilombo do Tambor. Discutimos a relevância dos territórios tradicionais para a proteção da diversidade cultural, assim como para a conservação da floresta e da biodiversidade. Adotamos o raciocínio dedutivo, o levantamento da literatura que trata do caso estudado e revisão bibliográfica acerca de proteção ambiental, biodiversidade e diversidade cultural. É imprescindível a criação de mecanismos administrativos e jurídicos para solucionar os conflitos entre direito das comunidades tradicionais ao território e a sobreposição a unidades de conservação de proteção integral, respeitando a diversidade cultural e a proteção da natureza.
Meningkatkan Keterampilan Wirausaha Siswa Sekolah Menengah Melalui Pelatihan Bisnis Simulasi di Wilayah Jakarta dan Tangerang
Authors: Krisnawati Nila , Mbouw Esa , Salem Sumini
Published: June 2021

Program pelatihan simulasi bisnis ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan budaya kewirausahaan di lingkungan SEKOLAH MENENGAH, memperkaya pengala­man belajar, dan meningkatkan keterampilan siswa di bidang kewirausahaan. Pelatihan yang diadakan dari Desember 2019 hingga Januari 2020, dihadiri oleh lima sekolah menengah swasta di Jakarta dan Tangerang, yang diadakan di setiap sekolah dengan total 30-50 siswa per sekolah. Metode yang digunakan adalah untuk menggabungkan kegiatan pelatihan dengan kompetisi dengan durasi 4-5 jam per aktivitas. Hasil pelatihan ini menunjukkan bahwa para peserta memperoleh pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang strategi bisnis ini yang sangat dibutuhkan di bidang kewirausahaan. Survei menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan peserta mencapai 95%. Program ini juga dimungkinkan untuk dilakukan secara online.