bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concordance of multigene genealogy along with morphological evidence unveils five novel species and two new records of boletoid mushrooms (fungi) from India
Authors: Das Kanad , Ghosh Aniket , Datta Sudeshna , Singh Upendra , Chakraborty Dyutiparna , Tudu Debala , Vizzini Alfredo
Published: April 2024

Agaricales, Russulales and Boletales are dominant orders among the wild mushrooms in Basidiomycota. Boletaceae, one of the major functional elements in terrestrial ecosystem and mostly represented by ectomycorrhizal symbionts of trees in Indian Himalaya and adjoining hills, are extraordinarily diverse and represented by numerous genera and species which are unexplored or poorly known. Therefore, their hidden diversity is yet to be revealed. Extensive macrofungal exploration by the authors to different parts of Himalaya and surroundings, followed by through morphological studies and multigene molecular phylogeny lead to the discovery of five new species of wild mushrooms: Leccinellum bothii sp. nov., Phylloporus himalayanus sp. nov., Phylloporus smithii sp. nov., Porphyrellus uttarakhandae sp. nov., and Retiboletus pseudoater sp. nov. Present communication deals with morphological details coupled with illustrations and phylogenetic inferences. Besides, Leccinellum sinoaurantiacum and Xerocomus rugosellus are also reported for the first time from this country.
An exploratory analysis of PM$$_{2.5}$$/PM$$_{10}$$ ratio during spring 2016–2018 in Metropolitan Lima
Authors: Cabello-Torres Rita Jaqueline , Carbo-Bustinza Natalí , Romero-Cabello Edison Alessandro , Ureta Tolentino Jeremias Macias , Torres Armas Elías A. , Turpo-Chaparro Josué E. , Canas Rodrigues Paulo , López-Gonzales Javier Linkolk
Published: April 2024

Aerosols (PM$$_{2.5}$$

2.5

and PM$$_{10}$$

10

) represent one of the most critical pollutants due to their negative effects on human health. This research analyzed the relationship of PM and its PM$$_{2.5}$$

2.5

/PM$$_{10}$$

10

ratios with climatic variables in the austral spring (2016–2018) in Metropolitan Lima. Overall, there was an average PM$$_{2.5}$$

2.5

/PM$$_{10}$$

10

ratio of 0.33 with fluctuations from 0.30 to 0.35. However, there have also been high point values that reached ratios greater than one. This situation indicates a moderate condition of contamination by particulate matter with a predominance of coarse aerosols in spring, with an increasing trend over the years. The locations Ate and Villa Maria del Triunfo, especially Ate, presented poor quality conditions. Thursdays showed outstanding pollution peaks by PM$$_{10}$$

10

, and a decrease is visible on Sundays. On the other hand, the PM$$_{2.5}$$

2.5

showed a similar pattern every day, including Sundays. The maximum peaks occurred in the morning and night hours. The increase in anthropogenic emissions associated with the formation of secondary aerosols has been evident, being the case of the location Campo de Marte, the one that had a significant increase in ratios PM$$_{2.5}$$

2.5

/PM$$_{10}$$

10

, which confirms a greater intensity of secondary formations of carbonaceous particles from industrial oil sources, vehicle exhaust, as well as aerosols from metal smelting and biomass burning. There were negative correlations of the ratios with PM$$_{10}$$

10

, temperature, wind speed, and direction, and positive correlations with PM$$_{2.5}$$

2.5

and relative humidity. Contour lines were successfully developed that demonstrated the interaction of climate with PM$$_{2.5}$$

2.5

/PM$$_{10}$$

10

ratios. This will deepen the exploration of emission sources and modeling, which allows for optimizing air quality indices to control emissions and adequately manage air quality in Metropolitan Lima.
Multifactorial inhibition of Candida albicans by combinations of lactobacilli and probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856
Authors: Spacova Irina , Allonsius Camille Nina , De Boeck Ilke , Oerlemans Eline , Tuyaerts Ines , Van de Vliet Nele , van den Broek Marianne F. L. , Jimenez Luciana , Boyer Mickaël , Rodriguez Bertrand , Ballet Nathalie , Lebeer Sarah
Published: April 2024

Strategies against the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans based on probiotic microorganisms represent a promising alternative to traditional antifungals. Here, we investigated the effects of Lactobacillaceae isolates from fermented foods or the human vagina, alone or in combination with the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856, against C. albicans in vitro. Nine out of nineteen tested strains of Lactobacillaceae inhibited growth of C. albicans with inhibition zones of 1–3 mm in spot assays. Five out of nineteen lactobacilli tested as such or in combination with S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 also significantly inhibited C. albicans hyphae formation, including Limosilactobacillus fermentum LS4 and L. fermentum LS5 resulting in respectively 62% and 78% hyphae inhibition compared to the control. Thirteen of the tested nineteen lactobacilli aggregated with the yeast form of C. albicans, with Lactiplantibacillus carotarum AMBF275 showing the strongest aggregation. The aggregation was enhanced when lactobacilli were combined with S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856. No significant antagonistic effects were observed between the tested lactobacilli and S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856. The multifactorial activity of Lactobacillaceae strains alone or combined with the probiotic S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 against C. albicans without antagonistic effects between the beneficial strains, paves the way for developing consortium probiotics for in vivo applications.
Single-cell transcriptomics in MI identify Slc25a4 as a new modulator of mitochondrial malfunction and apoptosis-associated cardiomyocyte subcluster
Authors: Zhou Ting , Pan Jing , Xu Kai , Yan Chenghui , Yuan Jing , Song Haixu , Han Yaling
Published: April 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of premature death. The death of cardiomyocytes (CMs) and the dysfunction of the remaining viable CMs are the main pathological factors contributing to heart failure (HF) following MI. This study aims to determine the transcriptional profile of CMs and investigate the heterogeneity among CMs under hypoxic conditions. Single-cell atlases of the heart in both the sham and MI groups were developed using single-cell data (GSE214611) downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/). The heterogeneity among CMs was explored through various analyses including enrichment, pseudo time, and intercellular communication analysis. The marker gene of C5 was identified using differential expression analysis (DEA). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), bulk RNA-sequencing dataset analysis, western blotting, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining, Mito-Tracker staining, TUNEL staining, and flow cytometry analysis were conducted to validate the impact of the marker gene on mitochondrial function and cell apoptosis of CMs under hypoxic conditions. We identified a cell subcluster named C5 that exhibited a close association with mitochondrial malfunction and cellular apoptosis characteristics, and identified Slc25a4 as a significant biomarker of C5. Furthermore, our findings indicated that the expression of Slc25a4 was increased in failing hearts, and the downregulation of Slc25a4 improved mitochondrial function and reduced cell apoptosis. Our study significantly identified a distinct subcluster of CMs that exhibited strong associations with ventricular remodeling following MI. Slc25a4 served as the hub gene for C5, highlighting its significant potential as a novel therapeutic target for MI.
RAPID resistance to BET inhibitors is mediated by FGFR1 in glioblastoma
Authors: Jermakowicz Anna M. , Kurimchak Alison M. , Johnson Katherine J. , Bourgain-Guglielmetti Florence , Kaeppeli Simon , Affer Maurizio , Pradhyumnan Hari , Suter Robert K. , Walters Winston , Cepero Maria , Duncan James S. , Ayad Nagi G.
Published: April 2024

Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins are therapeutic targets in several cancers including the most common malignant adult brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM). Multiple small molecule inhibitors of BET proteins have been utilized in preclinical and clinical studies. Unfortunately, BET inhibitors have not shown efficacy in clinical trials enrolling GBM patients. One possible reason for this may stem from resistance mechanisms that arise after prolonged treatment within a clinical setting. However, the mechanisms and timeframe of resistance to BET inhibitors in GBM is not known. To identify the temporal order of resistance mechanisms in GBM we performed quantitative proteomics using multiplex-inhibitor bead mass spectrometry and demonstrated that intrinsic resistance to BET inhibitors in GBM treatment occurs rapidly within hours and involves the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) protein. Additionally, small molecule inhibition of BET proteins and FGFR1 simultaneously induces synergy in reducing GBM tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Further, FGFR1 knockdown synergizes with BET inhibitor mediated reduction of GBM cell proliferation. Collectively, our studies suggest that co-targeting BET and FGFR1 may dampen resistance mechanisms to yield a clinical response in GBM.
The model of norm-regulated responsibility for proenvironmental behavior in the context of littering prevention
Authors: Ai Pengya , Rosenthal Sonny
Published: April 2024

Previous research suggests that descriptive norms positively influence proenvironmental behavior, including littering prevention. However, in some behavioral contexts, a weak descriptive norm may increase individuals’ feelings of responsibility by signaling a need for action. We examined this effect in the context of litter prevention by conducting structural equation modeling of survey data from 1400 Singapore residents. The results showed that descriptive norms negatively predicted ascription of responsibility and were negatively related to littering prevention behavior via ascription of responsibility and personal norms. It also showed that strong injunctive norms can reduce the inhibitory effect of descriptive norms on ascription of responsibility. These findings were consistent with several hypotheses constituting the model of norm-regulated responsibility, a novel explanatory framework offering new insights and a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding of social norms’ influence on proenvironmental behavior.
Modeling the effect of autonomous vehicles (AVs) on the accessibility of the transportation network
Authors: Mirzahossein Hamid , Mashhadloo Mahdis
Published: April 2024

The utilization of autonomous vehicles (AVs) has emerged as a pivotal factor in addressing the rising costs and safety concerns associated with modern travel. As technology advances and traffic challenges intensify, enhancing accessibility stands out as a critical goal for transportation experts. Accessibility, constrained by factors like travel time, underscores the increasing need for AVs to mitigate these limitations. This study aimed to model the influence of AVs on the accessibility index within transportation networks and discuss system optimization based on user equilibrium (UE) and system optimum (SO) outcomes. The research conducted numerical analysis employing the Hearn network as a fundamental system to validate a mixed assignment model and ascertain baseline accessibility. Additionally, the Sioux Falls network, a medium-sized network, was employed for analysis. A hybrid heuristic assignment algorithm was introduced, concurrently assigning different percentages of AV presence alongside the remaining non-AV percentage in three distinct scenarios. These scenarios ranged from 0 to 100% AV presence: the first scenario maintained constant network capacity, the second scenario adjusted network capacity based on AV presence, and the third scenario incorporated capacity adjustments in the assignment stage. In all three scenarios, network accessibility was evaluated using gravity and accessibility index methods derived from the hybrid assignment model output. The findings demonstrated that as the percentage of AVs increased, accessibility improved in both Hearn and Sioux Falls networks across all scenarios. The second and third scenarios exhibited higher accessibility increases compared to the first, attributable to augmented capacity resulting from increased AV presence. In the Sioux Falls network, the first scenario showed enhanced SO and UE due to increased AV presence and enhanced system operator management. Conversely, the second and third scenarios, with increased AVs and subsequent capacity increments, displayed reduced UE and SO results. Despite the decline in UE and SO, traffic flow assignment and overall network accessibility improved. These findings highlight the positive correlation between AV presence, network capacity, and enhanced accessibility. The study underscores the potential benefits of AV integration in optimizing transportation networks and improving overall accessibility, albeit with nuances in capacity adjustments impacting traffic flow dynamics. Further research avenues could explore complex traffic flow scenarios and delve into more specific optimization strategies.
Neural networks and particle swarm for transformer oil diagnosis by dissolved gas analysis
Authors: Guerbas Fettouma , Benmahamed Youcef , Teguar Youcef , Dahmani Rayane Amine , Teguar Madjid , Ali Enas , Bajaj Mohit , Dost Mohammadi Shir Ahmad , Ghoneim Sherif S. M.
Published: April 2024

The lifetime of power transformers is closely related to the insulating oil performance. This latter can degrade according to overheating, electric arcs, low or high energy discharges, etc. Such degradation can lead to transformer failures or breakdowns. Early detection of these problems is one of the most important steps to avoid such failures. More efficient diagnostic systems, such as artificial intelligence techniques, are recommended to overcome the limitations of the classical methods. This work deals with diagnosing the power transformer insulating oil by analysis of dissolved gases using new techniques. For this, we have proposed intelligent techniques based on Multilayer artificial neural networks (ANN). Thus, a multi-layer ANN-based model for fault detection is presented. To improve its classification rate, this one was optimized by a meta-heuristic technique as the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. Optimized ANNs have never been used in transformer insulating oil diagnostics so far. The robustness and effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated, and high accuracy is obtained.
Characterization of polyphenols and carbohydrates exuded by Phaeodactylum tricornutum diatom grown under Cu stress
Authors: Rico Milagros , Santiago-Díaz Paula , Rivero Argimiro , Santana-Casiano Juana Magdalena
Published: April 2024

This study is focused on analysing polyphenols and carbohydrates released by Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum) diatoms cultured in natural seawater enriched with sublethal and lethal Cu doses. Cu concentrations of 0.31, 0.79 and 1.57 µM reduced cell densities by 37, 82 and 91%, respectively, compared to the control. The total sum of all identified polyphenols and total carbohydrates released by cells grown under lethal Cu levels increased up to 18.8 and 107.4 times, respectively, compared to data from a control experiment. Four different in vitro assays were used to estimate the antioxidant activities of the extracellular compounds: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical inhibition, cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power and Cu complexing ability (CCA). The highest antioxidant activities were observed in the Cu lethal treatments, where the CCA assay exhibited a greater increase (up to 32.2 times higher than that found in the control experiment) to reduce the concentration of free Cu in the medium and its toxicity. The presence of Cu stimulated the release of polyphenols and carbohydrates to the medium as a detoxification mechanism to survive under lethal levels of Cu regulating its speciation.
A synthetic methylotrophic Escherichia coli as a chassis for bioproduction from methanol
Authors: Reiter Michael A. , Bradley Timothy , Büchel Lars A. , Keller Philipp , Hegedis Emese , Gassler Thomas , Vorholt Julia A.
Published: April 2024

Methanol synthesized from captured greenhouse gases is an emerging renewable feedstock with great potential for bioproduction. Recent research has raised the prospect of methanol bioconversion to value-added products using synthetic methylotrophic Escherichia coli, as its metabolism can be rewired to enable growth solely on the reduced one-carbon compound. Here we describe the generation of an E. coli strain that grows on methanol at a doubling time of 4.3 h—comparable to many natural methylotrophs. To establish bioproduction from methanol using this synthetic chassis, we demonstrate biosynthesis from four metabolic nodes from which numerous bioproducts can be derived: lactic acid from pyruvate, polyhydroxybutyrate from acetyl coenzyme A, itaconic acid from the tricarboxylic acid cycle and p-aminobenzoic acid from the chorismate pathway. In a step towards carbon-negative chemicals and valorizing greenhouse gases, our work brings synthetic methylotrophy in E. coli within reach of industrial applications.
Tracking performance and disturbance in decentralized wastewater treatment systems with fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Mladenov Natalie , Sanfilippo Scott , Panduro Laura , Pascua Chelsi , Arteaga Armando , Pietruschka Bjoern
Published: April 2024

Fluorescence spectroscopy holds promise as a rapid tracer of performance in decentralized wastewater treatment systems (DEWATS) that may reduce the monitoring burden on communities.
Diffusioosmotic flow reversals due to ion–ion electrostatic correlations
Authors: Zhang Shengji , Chu Henry C. W.
Published: April 2024

We develop a mathematical model that predicts a unique diffusioosmotic flow reversal due to ion–ion electrostatic correlations.
Design and characterization of Fe(ii) complexes with tetradentate ligands exhibiting spin-crossover near room temperature
Authors: Dou Di-Yu , Qi Da-Fan , Zhao Tian-Yuan , Zheng Peng-Xuan , Bao Xin
Published: April 2024

Fe(II) complexes with a customized N4 ligand exhibit spin-crossover near room temperature, suitable for molecular switch applications.
Quantification of the thermodynamic effects of the low-spin – high-spin interaction in molecular crystals of a mononuclear iron(ii) spin crossover complex.
Authors: Wolny Juliusz A. , Gröpl Konstantin , Kiehl Jonathan , Rentschler Eva , Schünemann Volker
Published: April 2024

A method is proposed to estimate the thermodynamic effects of neighbouring molecules on the spin transition of a mononuclear complex.
The cubic structure of Li3As stabilized by substitution – Li8TtAs4 (Tt = Si, Ge) and Li14TtAs6 (Tt = Si, Ge, Sn) and their lithium ion conductivity
Authors: Schmid Martin , Wegner Florian , De Giorgi Claudia , Pielnhofer Florian , Pfitzner Arno
Published: April 2024

The lithium arsenidotetrelates Li8TtAs4 (Tt = Si, Ge) and Li14TtAs6 (Tt = Si, Ge, Sn) were synthesized via mechanochemical ball milling and show closely related crystal structures with good lithium ion conductivity.
The association between oxidative balance score and frailty in adults across a wide age spectrum: NHANES 2007–2018
Authors: Liu Yan , Han Yu , Gao Yuqi , Yao Nan , Wang Yuxiang , Wang Fengdan , Wu Zibo , Dong Yibo , Wang Sizhe , Li Bo
Published: April 2024

Frailty has been one of the most serious global public health challenges we will ever face.
Utilizing pi-peptide supramolecular polymers to template growth of hybrid organic–inorganic electronic materials
Authors: Hall Grant E. K. , Lee Taein , Tovar John D. , Katz Howard E.
Published: April 2024

We investigated and compared the growth of three different minerals (KCl, CsCl, and CdS) templated by assemblies of perylene diimide (PDI)-based π-peptides with varying amino acid sequences.
Branched benzocyclobutene polysiloxane with excellent photo-patterning and low dielectric properties
Authors: Peng Juan , Guo Chao , Hu Xinyu , Du Hanlin , Peng Qiuxia , Hu Huan , Yuan Wentao , Yang Junxiao , Ma Jiajun
Published: April 2024

A silicone resin encapsulated negative photoresist has low dielectric properties (k = 2.75), good film-forming performance, and a photolithography patterning effect.
A chitosan-coated PCL/nano-hydroxyapatite aerogel integrated with a nanofiber membrane for providing antibacterial activity and guiding bone regeneration
Authors: Deng Xinyuan , Yu Chenghao , Zhang Xiaopei , Tang Xunmeng , Guo Qingxia , Fu Manfei , Wang Yuanfei , Fang Kuanjun , Wu Tong
Published: April 2024

A chitosan-coated PCL/nano-hydroxyapatite aerogel was integrated with a nanofiber membrane for constructing a GBR material. Such a material can serve as a barrier and exhibit promising potential in terms of antibacterial properties and guidance of bone regeneration.
Recent progress in atomically precise silver nanocluster-assembled materials
Authors: Alam Noohul , Das Anish Kumar , Chandrashekar Priyanka , Baidya Priyadarshini , Mandal Sukhendu
Published: April 2024

This review outlines the precise synthesis, structure, applications, and structure–property correlation of Ag(i)-based emerging cluster-assembled materials.
Visible light-driven photocatalytic sulfonative oxidation of benzyl secondary amines
Authors: Lü Yong-Xiang , Wang Xin-Qian , Pan Ying-Ming , Ablajan Keyume
Published: April 2024

This protocol developed α-oxidation and sulfonation of benzyl secondary amines using Eosin Y or Ir(iii) as a photocatalyst in the presence of O2 as a green oxidant.
Effects of external light in the magnetic field-modulated photocatalytic reactions in a microfluidic chip reactor
Authors: Huang Hung Ji , Wang Yen Han , Shih Xuan-Yu , Chen Sy-Hann , Chiang Hai-Pang , Chou Chau Yuan-Fong , Chi-Sheng Wu Jeffrey
Published: April 2024

Mutual enhancement of plasmonic photocatalytic reaction by both magnetic field and plasmonic enhancement was presented through Au–TiO2 nanoparticles.
Exploring the synthetic potential of epoxide ring opening reactions toward the synthesis of alkaloids and terpenoids: a review
Authors: Hanif Madiha , Zahoor Ameer Fawad , Saif Muhammad Jawwad , Nazeer Usman , Ali Kulsoom Ghulam , Parveen Bushra , Mansha Asim , Chaudhry Aijaz Rasool , Irfan Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Epoxides are oxygen containing three-membered heterocycles which can undergo ring opening reactions. These reactions have been significantly employed in the synthesis of alkaloids and terpenoids-based natural products.
Pr2Ni0.8Co0.2O4+δ impregnated La0.6Sr0.4CoO3−δ oxygen electrode for efficient CO2 electroreduction in solid oxide electrolysis cells
Authors: Liu Binbin , Li Zeming , Xiao Guoping , Du Xian-Long , Yao Huichao , Dai Ruoyun , Wang Xiulin , Wang Jian-Qiang , Li Tao
Published: April 2024

The impregnation of PNCO into the LSC anode can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of CO2 in high-temperature electrolysis due to the generation of PNCO nanofilms on the anode.
Supramolecular complexation of phenylephrine by cucurbit[7]uril in aqueous solution
Authors: Assaf Khaleel I. , Faraj Ayah N. , Abu-Nameh Eyad S. M. , Alnajjar Mohammad A.
Published: April 2024

Stable host–guest complexation between phenylephrine and cucurbit[7]uril macrocycle in water is reported.
Quinazolines and thiazolidine-2,4-dions as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors: repurposing, in silico molecular docking and dynamics simulation
Authors: El-Hddad Sanadelaslam S. A. , Sobhy Mohamed H. , El-morsy Ahmed , Shoman Nabil A. , El-Adl Khaled
Published: April 2024

This paper presents an extensive analysis of COVID-19 with a specific focus on VEGFR-2 inhibitors as potential treatments.
Synthesis molecular docking and DFT studies on novel indazole derivatives
Authors: Gopi Bandaru , Vijayakumar Vijayaparthasarathi
Published: April 2024

3-Carboxamide indazoles have been developed using the amide coupling process. Density function theory (DFT) computations, and the assessment of binding energy using Auto Dock, illustrate the pharmaceutical effectiveness.
Understanding electrochemical interfaces through comparing experimental and computational charge density–potential curves
Authors: Mohandas Nandita , Bawari Sumit , Shibuya Jani J. T. , Ghosh Soumya , Mondal Jagannath , Narayanan Tharangattu N. , Cuesta Angel
Published: April 2024

A deep understanding of electrode–electrolyte interfaces requires the development of modelling protocols spanning from the local microscale to system-level macroscopic sizes which can be validated by comparison with high-quality experimental results.
Enantioselective synthesis of α-aryl α-hydrazino phosphonates
Authors: Alberca Saúl , Romero-Parra Javier , Fernández Israel , Fernández Rosario , Lassaletta José M. , Monge David
Published: April 2024

PdII complexes containing pyridine–hydrazone ligands have enabled the synthesis of α-aryl α-hydrazino phosphonates in enantiomerically pure forms.
Highly intense NIR emissive Cu4Pt2 bimetallic clusters featuring Pt(i)–Cu4–Pt(i) sandwich kernel
Authors: Zhong Rui-Ru , Xie Mo , Luan Cui-Zhou , Zhang Lin-Mei , Hao De-Bo , Yuan Shang-Fu , Wu Tao
Published: April 2024

NIR phosphorescent Cu–Pt bimetallic clusters have been synthesized with solid-state quantum yield (QY) of up to 36.7%. Ligand effects enhances emission intensity and modulates emission wavelength via intra- and inter-molecular interactions.
Status and strategies of electrolyte engineering for low-temperature sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Su , Cheng Kaipeng , Cao Zhenjiang
Published: April 2024

Herein, we summarize the development of low-temperature electrolyte engineering for SIBs, and then propose several strategies to provide guidance for the systematic design and further commercial application of low-temperature SIBs.
Enhanced surface reconstruction of V-doped Ni3N driven by strong OH adsorption to boost 5-hydroxymethylfurfural electrooxidation for energy-saving H2 production
Authors: Zhou Qi , Wang Juan , Jin Ga , Liu Huiling , Wang Cheng
Published: April 2024

The 5%V-Ni3N exhibits high efficiency for the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation reaction for boosting energy-saving H2 production. The doped V could strengthen the OH adsorption for enhancing the surface reconstruction to active (oxy)hydroxide sites.
Fundamentals and applications of functional framework materials: a themed collection
Authors: Ciesielski Artur , Hendon Christopher H. , Mirica Katherine A.
Published: April 2024

Artur Ciesielski, Christopher H. Hendon and Katherine A. Mirica introduce the Journal of Materials Chemistry C themed issue on fundamentals and applications of functional framework materials.
Spectroscopic evidence of a possible young stellar cluster at the Galactic Center
Authors: Martínez-Arranz A. , Schödel R. , Nogueras-Lara F. , Najarro F. , Castellanos R. , Fedriani R.
Published: April 2024

Context. The nuclear stellar disk has been the most prolific star-forming region in the Milky Way over the past ∼30 million years. Notably, the cumulative mass of the three clusters currently found in the nuclear stellar disk, the Quintuplet, the Arches, and the Nuclear clusters, amounts to just 10% of the total anticipated mass of young stars that formed in this period. This discrepancy, known as the missing cluster problem, is attributed to factors such as high stellar density and tidal forces. Traces of dissolving clusters may exist as comoving groups of stars, providing insights into the star formation history of the region. Recently, a new cluster candidate associated with an HII region was reported through the analysis of kinematic data

Aims. Our aim is to determine whether the young and massive stellar objects in the region share proper motion, positions in the plane of the sky, and line-of-sight distances. We use reddening as a proxy for the distances.

Methods. We reduced and analyzed integral field spectroscopy data from the KMOS instrument at the ESO VLT to locate possible massive young stellar objects in the field. Then, we identified young massive stars with astrophotometric data from the two different catalogs to analyze their extinction and kinematics.

Results. We present a group of young stellar objects that share velocities, are close together in the plane of the sky, and are located at a similar depth in the nuclear stellar disk.

Conclusions. The results presented here offer valuable insights into the missing clusters problem. They indicate that not all young massive stars in the Galactic center form in isolation; some of them seem to be the remnants of dissolved clusters or stellar associations.
Endoscopic transoral outlet reduction induces enterohormonal changes in patients with weight regain after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Authors: Brunaldi Vitor Ottoboni , Farias Galileu Ferreira , de Moura Diogo Turiani Hourneaux , Santo Marco Aurélio , Abu Dayyeh Barham K. , Faria Caroline Silverio , Antonangelo Leila , Waitzberg Dan Linetzki , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux
Published: April 2024

Background and study aims Transoral outlet reduction (TORe) has long been employed in treating weight regain after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. However, its impact on gut hormones and their relationship with weight loss remains unknown.

Patients and methods This was a substudy of a previous randomized clinical trial. Adults with significant weight regain and dilated gastrojejunostomy underwent TORe with argon plasma coagulation (APC) alone or APC plus endoscopic suturing (APC-suture). Serum levels of ghrelin, GLP-1, and PYY were assessed at fasting, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after a standardized liquid meal. Results were compared according to allocation group, clinical success, and history of cholecystectomy.

Results Thirty-six patients (19 APC vs. 17 APC-suture) were enrolled. There were no significant baseline differences between groups. In all analyses, the typical postprandial decrease in ghrelin levels was delayed by 30 minutes, but no other changes were noted. GLP-1 levels significantly decreased at 12 months in both allocation groups. Similar findings were noted after dividing groups according to the history of cholecystectomy and clinical success. The APC cohort presented an increase in PYY levels at 90 minutes, while the APC-suture group did not. Naïve patients had significantly lower PYY levels at baseline (P = 0.01) compared with cholecystectomized individuals. This latter group experienced a significant increase in area under the curve (AUC) for PYY levels, while naïve patients did not, leading to a higher AUC at 12 months (P = 0.0001).

Conclusions TORe interferes with the dynamics of gut hormones. APC triggers a more pronounced enteroendocrine response than APC-suture, especially in cholecystectomized patients.
Probing extreme states of liquid matter
Authors: Lange Katherine De
Published: April 2024

The new High Energy Density instrument (HEDi) at the European XFEL (EuXFEL) allows for extreme states of liquid matter to be probed in unprecedented detail.
Low-latency gravitational wave alert products and their performance at the time of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
Authors: Chaudhary Sushant Sharma , Toivonen Andrew , Waratkar Gaurav , Mo Geoffrey , Chatterjee Deep , Antier Sarah , Brockill Patrick , Coughlin Michael W. , Essick Reed , Ghosh Shaon , Morisaki Soichiro , Baral Pratyusava , Baylor Amanda , Adhikari Naresh , Brady Patrick , Cabourn Davies Gareth , Dal Canton Tito , Cavaglia Marco , Creighton Jolien , Choudhary Sunil , Chu Yu-Kuang , Clearwater Patrick , Davis Luke , Dent Thomas , Drago Marco , Ewing Becca , Godwin Patrick , Guo Weichangfeng , Hanna Chad , Huxford Rachael , Harry Ian , Katsavounidis Erik , Kovalam Manoj , Li Alvin K.Y. , Magee Ryan , Marx Ethan , Meacher Duncan , Messick Cody , Morice-Atkinson Xan , Pace Alexander , De Pietri Roberto , Piotrzkowski Brandon , Roy Soumen , Sachdev Surabhi , Singer Leo P. , Singh Divya , Szczepanczyk Marek , Tang Daniel , Trevor Max , Tsukada Leo , Villa-Ortega Verónica , Wen Linqing , Wysocki Daniel
Published: April 2024

Multimessenger searches for binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star-black hole (NSBH) mergers are currently one of the most exciting areas of astronomy. The search for joint electromagnetic and neutrino counterparts to gravitational wave (GW)s has resumed with ALIGO’s, AdVirgo’s and KAGRA’s fourth observing run (O4). To support this effort, public semiautomated data products are sent in near real-time and include localization and source properties to guide complementary observations. In preparation for O4, we have conducted a study using a simulated population of compact binaries and a mock data challenge (MDC) in the form of a real-time replay to optimize and profile the software infrastructure and scientific deliverables. End-toend performance was tested, including data ingestion, running online search pipelines, performing annotations, and issuing alerts to the astrophysics community. We present an overview of the low-latency infrastructure and the performance of the data products that are now being released during O4 based on the MDC. We report the expected median latency for the preliminary alert of full bandwidth searches (29.5 s) and show consistency and accuracy of released data products using the MDC. We report the expected median latency for triggers from early warning searches (−3.1 s), which are new in O4 and target neutron star mergers during inspiral phase. This paper provides a performance overview for LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) low-latency alert infrastructure and data products using theMDCand serves as a useful reference for the interpretation of O4 detections.
c-di-AMP determines the hierarchical organization of bacterial RCK proteins
Authors: Rocha Rita , Jorge João M. P. , Teixeira-Duarte Celso M. , Figueiredo-Costa Inês R. , Cereija Tatiana B. , Ferreira-Teixeira Paula F. , Herzberg Christina , Stülke Jörg , Morais-Cabral João H.
Published: April 2024

In bacteria, intracellular K+is involved in the regulation of membrane potential, cytosolic pH, and cell turgor as well as in spore germination, environmental adaptation, cell-to-cell communication in biofilms, antibiotic sensitivity, and infectivity. The second messenger cyclic-di-AMP (c-di-AMP) has a central role in modulating the intracellular K+concentration in many bacterial species, controlling transcription and function of K+channels and transporters. However, our understanding of how this regulatory network responds to c-di-AMP remains poor. We used the RCK (Regulator of Conductance of K+) proteins that control the activity of Ktr channels inBacillus subtilisas a model system to analyze the regulatory function of c-di-AMP with a combination of in vivo and in vitro functional and structural characterization. We determined that the two RCK proteins (KtrA and KtrC) are neither physiologically redundant or functionally equivalent. KtrC is the physiologically dominant RCK protein in the regulation of Ktr channel activity. In explaining this hierarchical organization, we found that, unlike KtrA, KtrC is very sensitive to c-di-AMP inactivation and lack of c-di-AMP regulation results in RCK protein toxicity, most likely due to unregulated K+flux. We also found that KtrC can assemble with KtrA, conferring c-di-AMP regulation to the functional KtrA/KtrC heteromers and potentially compensating KtrA toxicity. Altogether, we propose that the central role of c-di-AMP in the control of the K+machinery, by modulating protein levels through gene transcription and by regulating protein activity, has determined the evolutionary selection of KtrC as the dominant RCK protein, shaping the hierarchical organization of regulatory components of the K+machinery.
Situated minds and distributed systems in translation
Authors: Sannholm Raphael , Risku Hanna
Published: April 2024

This article sheds light on two different perspectives on the boundaries of the cognitive system and the consequences of their adoption for Cognitive Translation and Interpreting Studies (CTIS). Both are represented by different approaches within the cognitive scientific cluster of approaches referred to as situated or 4EA (embodied, embedded, enactive, extended, and affective) cognition. The first, the person-centred perspective, takes individuals as a starting point and describes their interactions with their social and material surroundings. The second, the distributed, extended perspective, takes the joint activity of different situated actors and material artefacts as its starting point and depicts this socio-cognitive unit as the object of analysis. With this article, we do not seek to advocate the use of one over the other. Rather, we attempt to offer a coherent interpretation of how the cognitive process of translation can be studied and interpreted as a situated activity either from the perspective of individual actors or from a larger, distributed, and extended angle that considers people and the relevant social and material environment as a system. Specifically, we discuss what is to be gained if translation is studied from a distributed cognitive perspective. To this end, we illustrate key aspects of the discussion using empirical examples from current field research in which both an individual and a distributed perspective are applied to analyse interaction in a translation workplace.
Bipolar complex fuzzy submodules
Authors: Alsuraiheed Turki , ur Rehman Ubaid , Khan Meraj Ali , Mahmood Tahir
Published: April 2024

In this manuscript, we interpret the theory of bipolar complex fuzzy submodule (BCFSM) of a provided classical module over a ring by utilizing the well-known notion of bipolar complex fuzzy set (BCFS). We also devise the sum of two BCFS and investigate its related proposition for studying a few fundamental properties of the initiated BCFSM. Moreover, we investigate the cartesian product of two BCFS for developing properties of BCFSM. We also investigate that if a BCFS

Ӈ

1

is a BCFSM of

Ӎ

1

,

then image

Ӻ

Ӈ

is a BCFSM of

Ӎ

2

and the preimage

Ӻ

−
1

Ӈ

is a BCFSM of

Ӎ

1

,

where,

Ӎ

1

and

Ӎ

2

are two modules and

Ӻ
:

Ӎ

1

→

Ӎ

2

is a module homomorphism.
Structural stability, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties under pressure of B2-type CuM (M = Be, Al, and Zn) alloys: a DFT investigation
Authors: Zhang Leilei , Yang Baocheng , Huang Tengfei , Wang Shuaiwei , Wu Donghai , Wei Yaru , Chen Houyang
Published: April 2024

In this work, we systematically examined the structural stability, mechanical properties, and thermodynamic behavior of B2-type CuBe alloy, and compared the results with isostructural Cu-based alloys (CuAl and CuZn) by employing first-principles calculations in the pressure range of −22 to 100 GPa. This study revealed the stable existence of CuBe alloy at low-density expansion states (e.g. ∼ −20 GPa), indicating its superior structural stability compared to CuAl and CuZn. The pressure dependence of properties such as cell parameter a (a/a
0) and density ρ (ρ/ρ
0), elastic parameters (elastic constants C

ij
, bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, and Young's modulus E), deduced parameters (B/G ratio, Poisson's ratio ν, Vickers hardness, sound velocity, and Debye termperature ΘD), and thermodynamic parameters (free energy F, entropy S, and heat capacity C
v) were investigated. All CuM (M = Be, Al, and Zn) alloys had more difficulty undergoing uniaxial stress than shear stress. External pressure reduced the ductility of the CuBe alloy, while excess pressure (P > 50 GPa) resulted in increased ductility, which was similar to CuAl but different from CuZn. The hardness and ΘD values demonstrated consistent variation corresponding to the ductility changes. Thermodynamic parameters were minimally affected by pressure, and the stronger interactions led to greater F in the CuBe alloy. These findings offer confidence for the future design of ordered Cu-Be alloys with exceptional properties.
Extracting macroscopic quantities in crowd behaviour with deep learning
Authors: Zhou Shuaiqi , Shi Rongrong , Wang Lingxiao
Published: April 2024

Abnormal behaviours in crowded populations can pose significant threats to public safety, with the occurrence of such anomalies often corresponding to changes in macroscopic quantities of the complex system. Therefore, the automatic extraction and prediction of macroscopic quantities in pedestrian collective behaviour becomes significant. In this study, we generated pedestrian evacuation data through simulation, and calculated the average kinetic energy, entropy and order parameter of the system based on principles of statistical physics. These macroscopic quantities can characterize the changes in crowd behaviour patterns over time and can also assist in detecting abnormalities. Subsequently, we designed deep convolutional neural networks(CNNs) to estimate these macroscopic quantities directly from frame-by-frame image data. In the end, a convolutional auto-encoder(CAE) model is trained to learn the underlying physics unsupervisedly. Successful results indicate that deep learning methods can directly extract macroscopic information from crowd dynamics, aiding in analysing collective behaviour.
Conformal transformations and cosmological perturbations in New General Relativity
Authors: Golovnev Alexey , Semenova A.N. , Vandeev V.P.
Published: April 2024

We study conformal transformations in the most general parity-preserving models of the New
General Relativity type. Then we apply them to analysis of cosmological perturbations in the
(simplest) spatially flat cosmologies. Strong coupling issues around Minkowski spacetime are seen
for many special cases of these models. At the same time, the behaviour of the most general
three-parameter case seems to be very robust, presumably always with only the eight first-class
constraints coming from diffeomorphisms. Also the case of the so-called 1-parameter New GR doesn't
show any discontinuity between Minkowski and the cosmology, though without showing any deviations
from GR which would be observable at this level either.
Performance of Secure Door Access System Using Identification Numbers, Fingerprints, and Facial Recognition
Authors: Azhari  , Manullang R R , Yanti M , Hasibuan C D , Yudhistira E
Published: April 2024

Layered door security systems are increasingly essential in enhancing safety and convenience for people in their daily lives. Features such as ID number technology, fingerprints, and facial recognition can be employed in the security system. This study aims to develop and validate a system that authenticates the user’s identity as they pass through a doorway. The sensors utilized include of PN 532 as an ID number detection sensor, FPM10A as a fingerprint detection sensor, and ESP32CAM as a facial image detection sensor. The system is structured hierarchically and linked to the Internet of Things (IoT) in order to enable remote monitoring through the utilization of the Blynk application. This gadget employs a servo motor for door access control and incorporates an RFID module in its use. This study employs an Atmega328 microcontroller for the purpose of data processing. The PN532 test yielded a sensitivity rate of 100% and successfully detected and read RFID data from E-KTP chips. The testing of the FPM10A sensor demonstrated a sensitivity level of 90%. In addition, the testing of ESP32CAM demonstrates a sensitivity rate of 85%. Based on the test findings, the overall system achieved a tool performance score of 91.6%, indicating that the system is functioning effectively.
Synthesis and Characterization of Graphitic Carbon Nanostructures from Cellulose Extraction of Durian Peel Waste
Authors: Marlina H A , Noer Z , Purwasasmita B S
Published: April 2024

The synthesis of graphitic carbon nanostructures from cellulose extraction of durian peel waste has been successfully carried out in this study. This study aim to produce the graphitic carbon nanostructures to give innovative solutions to the renewable energy storage challenge. Durian peel cellulose was synthesized into graphitic carbon nanostructures through catalytic graphitization method. 4.8 grams of durian peel cellulose was hydrocharred at 200°C for 4 hours, then impregnated using Fe(NO3).9H2O and ethanol for 90 minutes. The sample was then precipitated for 12 hours and dried at 60°C. The sample was pyrolysed at 900°C for 3 hours. Characterization was carried out using TEM and XRD. Characterization TEM showed the morphological characteristics of graphitic carbon nanostructures in the form of coils in uneven amounts with the avarage diameter size is 24.9134 nm. In addition, the XRD characterization results also strengthen the characteristic phase of graphitic carbon nanostructures at 2θ 26.5° and 44.7°, although nanoparticles from Fe catalysis are visible in the sample due to the absence of reflux.
Analysis of Subsurface Resistivity Distribution of the Kelud Volcano Using Magnetotelluric Method
Authors: Nurhasan Nurhasan , Pratama Andika , Naufal Muhammad Risyad , Zahra Iradati , Srigutomo Wahyu , Mustopa Enjang Jaenal , Fitriani Dini , Harja Asep , Ogawa Yasuo
Published: April 2024

Indonesia has the world’s most active volcanoes, with more than 30% of them lying within its borders. The Kelud volcano erupted in 2007, resulting in the development of a Lava Dome in the crater lake. This phenomena is known as effusive. The magnetotelluric approach is used in this study to predict the subsurface resistivity distribution in the Kelud volcano area. Data was obtained at 10 different locations around the Kelud volcano area. The subsurface structure of the Kelud Volcano can be identified based on resistivity values that show significant differences, according to the modelling results. According to the findings, the surface resistivity surrounding the Kelud volcano ranges from 1 to 100 ohm. The main structure of the hydrothermal system’s clay cap was discovered at a depth of 1000 m from the surface in the western part of the summit, with resistivity values ranging from 1-10.m. With a resistivity of more than 100 ohm.m., a high resistivity forming a conduit appears in the centre of the summit area. The subsurface structure values obtained indicate that these structures are volcanic.
Design of Automatic Cleaning System on Solar Panel Using IoT-based Wiper
Authors: Hamid Muhammadin , Simamora Micael Frans , Vania Maria Derani Ester , Cholillah Putri
Published: April 2024

Condition of the solar panel surface covered by dust and other particles can obstruct the absorption of sunlight, requiring maintenance and monitoring of the panel’s condition. The objective of this research is to facilitate human tasks in cleaning solar panels with an automatic cleaning device in the presence of dust and dirt. The methodology in this study begins with planning and designing to facilitate the construction phase of the tool. Data collection involves using a batch system or repeated data collection. Constructed tool yields an electric voltage on the clean surface of the solar panel more than in the dirty condition, with a voltage difference of 9.57 volts under a light intensity of <1000. The mechanism of this tool involves a single-channel relay module driving the cleaning motor (dust remover) and functioning as a sliding wheel. Dust sensors and RTC module are used in the reading process, and a servo motor moves the cleaner. The results of this process have been integrated with the IoT, allowing real-time monitoring of the solar panel surface condition using an Android device. It is expected that this research will assist the community in reducing costs and improving the efficiency of energy usage.