bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dilemmes éthiques du chirurgien en opérations extérieures
Authors: LAVERSANNE S. , DELMAS J.-M.
Published: December 2024

L’exercice de la chirurgie en OPEX est sous-tendu par des dilemmes éthiques. Les tensions sont différentes en fonction de la situation et du type de structure chirurgicale dans laquelle on exerce. Nous rapportons ici quelques exemples de situations qui ont suscité des interrogations. Nous les analysons à la lumière des grands principes de base de l’éthique médicale. Nous tentons d’en tirer des recommandations à l’usage des médecins et chirurgiens amenés à servir en OPEX.
Les forces morales et l’éthique dans la guerre de haute intensité
Authors: AUGÉ A.
Published: December 2024

Le retour de la guerre de haute intensité aux frontières de l’Europe, à travers le conflit que la Russie impose à l’Ukraine, pousse le soldat à consolider ses forces morales, dans ce contexte où le risque d’un engagement majeur est élevé. Pour préserver l’efficacité opérationnelle, le soldat mène l’action militaire guidée par des valeurs comme le code d’honneur, le droit dans la guerre et des mécanismes sociaux tels que l’appartenance au groupe de combat vécue comme un cercle protecteur du désengagement moral. Ces facteurs tiennent lieu de tuteur éthique contribuant à affermir les forces morales du soldat dans sa mission de défense de la nation. Mais la défense du territoire n’est pas la seulement l’obligation qui pèse sur le militaire. Elle est l’affaire de la communauté armée-nation dans un continuum durci par le système des classes défense et citoyenneté. Ce dispositif diffuse auprès d’une partie de la jeunesse l’esprit de défense indispensable au renforcement des forces morales de la société. L’analyse qualitative et quantitative conduite auprès d’un corpus civilo-militaire, composé de 90 individus, fait ressortir d’abord le rôle du groupe de combat comme tuteur éthique et rempart au désengagement moral. Elle met également en valeur l’impact des classes défense sur la socialisation de la jeunesse aux enjeux militaires et la densification de leurs attachements patriotiques.
EFFECT OF NITROGEN ON THE THERMAL DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF MARTENSITIC STAINLESS BEARING STEEL
Authors: Song Yaohui , Lu Yibo , Li Yugui , Sun Haosong , Li Huaying , Xu Hui , Wang Yihang
Published: December 2024

The thermal deformation behaviors of martensitic stainless bearing steels (0.16N, 0N) in the temperature range 850–1150 °C, strain rate 0.01–10 s–1, and deformation of 60  % were studied using a single-pass compression experiment. After adding 0.16 % nitrogen, the peak stress of the martensitic stainless bearing steel increased under all thermal forming conditions, and the average peak stress increased by about 33.724 MPa. The strain-rate sensitivity diagram, power dissipation diagram, instability factor diagram, and thermal processing diagram under different strains were constructed based on the stress-strain curve. The thermal deformation activation energy under different strains was constructed and combined with a metallographic structure analysis. The results show that under the same conditions, the occurrence of DRX in 0.16N bearing steel is less than that of 0N bearing steel, but the grains are finer than those of 0N bearing steel.
OPTIMIZATION OF Al-BASED AMORPHOUS COATINGS BY WARM SPRAYING BASED ON A NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND A RESPONSE-SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Wang Deming , Li Tingting , Wu Nianchu
Published: December 2024

Al-based fully amorphous coatings with low porosity were prepared using a warm-spraying technology by combining numerical simulations and a response-surface methodology (RSM). The influences of spraying parameters (reactant flow rate, oxygen/fuel (O/F) ratio, coolant flow rate, and spraying distance) on the particle temperature and velocity were investigated using numerical simulation methods. On this basis, the response-surface equations for temperature and the velocity of the particles were established using the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) methods. The RSM was used to analyze the influence of the interactions between the spraying parameters on the temperature and the velocity of the particles. The optimum spraying parameters (OSP) predicted by the response optimizer were 0.012047 kg/s for the reactant flow rate, 0.011034 kg/s for the coolant flow rate, 2.7 for the O/F ratio, and 142 mm for the spraying distance. According to the OSP, the Al-based fully amorphous coatings with a porosity of 0.08% were obtained by warm-spraying experiments. This work provides guidance for the production of Al-based fully amorphous coatings with low porosity using warm spraying.
STUDY ON THE CORROSION RESISTANCE OF HOMOGENEOUS Mg-1Bi-0.5x (x=Nd,Ce,La) ALLOYS
Authors: Du Sichao , Jia Zheng , Mao Zhiwen , Niu Xiaowei
Published: December 2024

Mg alloys are widely used in the aerospace and automotive industries, as well as in electronic products due to their low density and high specific strength. However, the poor corrosion resistance of Mg alloys limits their applications. Rare earth elements have been shown to improve the corrosion resistance of alloys. In this study, Mg-1Bi-0.5x (x = Nd, Ce, La) alloys were prepared by alloying with Bi, Nd, Ce, and La. The microstructure and corrosion behavior of Mg-1Bi-0.5x (x = Nd, Ce, La) alloys were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hydrogen evolution tests, weight loss experiments, and electrochemical measurements. The results indicate that the Mg-1Bi-0.5Nd alloy exhibits higher corrosion potentials and lower corrosion current densities, indicating superior corrosion resistance. This improvement is attributed to the formation of a more stable and uniform film of corrosion products, which prevents further corrosion and enhances corrosion resistance.
THE EFFECT OF SILICON-CARBIDE ADDITIONS ON THE MECHANICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY PROPERTIES OF FIBER-REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITES
Authors: Rashid Nadhir Abd. , Mahan Hamid M. , Shabeeb Omran A.
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of adding silicon carbide (SiC) filler with various weight percentages on the mechanical and thermal properties of carbon- and glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. Alterations in the filler content were analyzed to observe the composite material’s response to loading, assessing mechanical properties such as hardness, impact resistance, tensile strength, flexural strength and thermal conductivity. The investigation focuses on composite materials comprising carbon fibers and glass fibers to enhance the binder material (epoxy resin). Accordingly, four different groups of samples were prepared for experimentation. The first group consisted solely of epoxy resin, while the second group of samples contained epoxy resin reinforced with 15 w/% SiC. The third and fourth groups of samples included three layers of glass fibers, with and without 15 w/% SiC reinforcement, respectively. In the fifth and sixth groups of samples there were three layers: one upper layer of glass fibers, one layer of carbon fiber in the middle, and one layer of glass fiber at the bottom, with and without 15 w/% SiC reinforcement, respectively. The experimental findings revealed that the sixth group of samples exhibited lower heat conductivity (with an overall reduction of 10.9 % compared to samples from other groups), while demonstrating the highest tensile strength, hardness, flexural strength values and impact resistance (showing improvements of 20 %, 50 %, 19.5 %, and 11 % respectively, compared to samples from other groups).
Morroniside ameliorates sevoflurane anesthesia-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged mice through modulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Chen Jianxing , Peng Bo , Lin Wenqian , Mao Yinjun , Wang Yongsheng
Published: December 2024

Morroniside (Mor) is a bioactive compound in Cornus officinalis with anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. Prolonged use of the anesthetic sevoflurane (Sev) has been connected to the development postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). This research aims to elucidate the mechanism of action of Mor to improve cognitive impairment. A model of cognitive dysfunction induced by Sev was established in aged mice and tested for behavioral analysis using the water maze experiment. Histopathological changes and neuronal apoptosis in mouse hippocampus were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Nissl staining, and TUNEL staining. ELISA and qRT-PCR determined the levels of inflammatory factors. Phenotypic transformation of microglia in hippocampal tissue was assessed by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and qRT-PCR. The interaction between Mor and TLR4 was analyzed using molecular docking. Western blot identified the levels of apoptosis-related proteins, synapse-related proteins, and TLR4/NF-κB pathway proteins. Inhalation of Sev caused a notable reduction in learning and spatial memory in old mice, which was dose-dependently ameliorated by Mor. Mor inhibited neuroinflammation, modulated the polarization state of hippocampal microglia, promoted their polarization to M2 type, alleviated Sev-induced hippocampal tissue damage and neuronal apoptosis. Notably, Mor can bind well with TLR4 and reduce TLR4-positive expression. Mor blocked Sev-induced TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation in hippocampal tissues, and the TLR4 agonist CRX-527 attenuated the effect of Mor. In conclusion, Mor blocked the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, reducing hippocampal tissue damage and neuroinflammation caused by Sev, which in turn improving cognitive impairment in aged mice.
Unravelling Students’ Attitudes Toward Lifelong Exercise
Authors: Evangelou Efstathia , Digelidis Nikolaos , Krommidas Charalampos
Published: December 2024

Background. A central purpose of learning in physical education (PE) is to facilitate students’ physical development and competence that determine lifelong engagement in exercise. Therefore, exploring and understanding students’ attitudes toward lifelong exercise contributes significantly to achieving it.

Objectives. Two studies examined students’ attitudes toward lifelong exercise. The first study focused on using social and personal variables as predictors. The second study involved a repeated measures design to determine if there were differences in attitudes as students progressed to the next grade and between schools. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate whether there were variations in attitudes based on the students’ physical activity levels.

Materials and methods. In the first study, 752 students of the 7th and 10th grades participated, representing 47 classes from 14 schools. Then, after conducting a repeated measures analysis one academic year later, from the initial sample, 460 students formed two cohorts, comprising Grades 7–8 and 10–11. All factors were internally consistent and well-defined by the variables. The first study used hierarchical linear regression to ascertain whether social and personal variables could be identified as predictors of students’ attitudes toward lifelong exercise. The second study used a mixed ANOVA to assess differences in students’ attitudes, measuring at two time points and between schools. Furthermore, a one-way ANOVA was performed to determine whether there were variations depending on students’ physical activity level. 

Results. According to the findings of this study, personal variables eliminated the significance of social variables, with task orientation having the highest beta (.33). The results also revealed a significant interaction between measurements in Grades 7 and 8, as well as between schools. Moderately and highly active students had more positive attitudes than sedentary students in both cohorts. 

Conclusions. Task orientation and personal progress should be emphasized to increase students’ motivation. Nevertheless, a task-supportive climate could improve their intrinsic motivation for lifelong exercise.
Neurophysiological Correlates of the Visual Search Process: Does Categorization Matter?
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Anufrieva Anastasia , Sapronov Frol ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Angelgardt Anton ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorbunova Elena ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

There are a number of mechanisms for optimising information storage and processing in the cognitive system. Thus, in working memory, such optimisation is carried out, among other things, through the process of categorisation – grouping objects into categories. In its turn, a category has a number of levels, which determine the specificity and distinctness of the formed representation: subordinant, basic and superordinant. It is suggested that there is a categoricality effect: category levels influence the degree of working memory load and visual search efficiency. A particular example of a categoricality effect is the basic-level category superiority effect. This effect is that the speed and accuracy of object identification appears to be higher when given a basic level category (e.g., dog) compared to two others (e.g., dachshund or animal). The superiority effect of the basic-level category is related to the optimal ratio of specificity and distinctness of the representation. In turn, the quality of the formed representation is related to the attention template that is retained in working memory. Category level is expected to influence the attention template, and with it the level of load in working memory. The present study aimed to elucidate the neurophysiological mechanisms of representation formation under the influence of verbally given basic and superordinate level categories. The study was carried out in a visual search paradigm - subjects had to memorise verbally given target stimuli and then report the presence or absence of the target stimulus among distractors. Evoked potentials (EPs) were recorded and the N2pc and CDA components were analysed. The analyses yielded the specified EPs, indicating the formation of an attention template in the working memory system. However, the lack of differences between conditions indicates that there was no effect of verbally given target category level on the level of detailed attention template and working memory load.
The Influence of Emotional Information on the Belief Bias in Syllogistic Reasoning
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Zablotskaya Anastasia , Loginov Nikita ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (The Presidential Academy, RANEPA), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

The study addresses the impact of emotional information on the belief bias in syllogistic reasoning. Belief bias refers to the inclination of individuals to make judgments based not on logical principles but on their prior beliefs when evaluating information. Within the framework of this research, a hypothesis was proposed that the emotional content of the syllogism itself influences this tendency: negative emotional stimuli reduce this tendency, while positive emotional stimuli increase it. An original set of stimuli was developed, consisting of 36 congruent and incongruent syllogisms with varying emotional valence (neutral, negative, positive), which were presented to participants in a random order. The results showed that when solving positive incongruent syllogisms, the accuracy of participants decreased, meaning they performed worse on these syllogisms compared to negative and neutral ones. However, no statistically significant differences were found in the solving time for neutral and positive syllogisms. It is important to note that our findings regarding the influence of negative information are fully consistent with previous research results. Specifically, negative syllogisms are indeed solved better and more slowly, not only compared to neutral ones but also compared to positive syllogisms. Nonetheless, considering that our developed experimental procedure has certain limitations, the question of the influence of emotional information on the tendency towards belief bias should be the subject of further research.
Socio-Psychological Resources of Career Development of an Organization's Employee: Evaluation of Structure and Reliability of a New Version of Lyness and Thompson’s Questionnaire
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Mararitsa Larisa , Gurieva Svetlana ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Aleksandrova Ekaterina ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Skryabin Maxim ,   ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Studying of the social environment of an organization as a resource for career development of its employee is important for the analysis of the factors of their professional advancement. The presented article describes the characteristics of a socio-psychological tool for assessing the career resources of an employee in an organization. The developed questionnaire studies the socio-psychological resources of career development of an employee in an organization, which appear at the nexus of the organization as a social group and the individual. These resources include the perceived compliance with organizational culture, psychological safety, developmental mentorship, and accessibility of career advancement. As a theoretical and methodological basis of the questionnaire, the descriptive model by K. Lyness and D. Thompson (Lyness, Thompson, 2000) was used, indicating facilitators and barriers to career development that form inequalities in career prospects. The questionnaire comprises 13 statements, which form 4 consistent subscales (Cronbach's alpha .91–.92, subscales .73–.82). The scores of the questionnaire do not depend on age and length of service. Confirmatory factor analysis showed consistency with the data of the embedded 4-factor structure. The evidence for the current validity was found: the scores are expectedly higher in men than in women, in managers than in executives, and they correlate with job and career satisfaction. Differences in career resources among women working in companies with different proportions of female employees were found. The questionnaire assesses four career resources: perceived compliance with organizational culture, psychological safety, developmental mentoring, and availability of career advancement. It is these career resources that are sensitive both to the employee's proactivity and social intelligence, as well as to any aspects of social inequality and engagement of the organization's policy.
In Memoriam: Kenton L. Chambers (27 September 1929–22 May 2024)
Authors: Chambers Henny , Poinar, Jr. George O.
Published: December 2024

Kenton L. Chambers passed away on May 22, 2024 at Good Samaritan Regional Hospital after a brief illness. He was born in Los Angeles, California on September 27, 1929 to Maynard Macy Chambers and Edna (Miller) Chambers. Ken spent his early years in Pasadena, Whittier and Laguna Beach. He was active in Boy Scouts, attaining the rank of Eagle Scout.
In the Country of the Kaw: A Personal Natural History of the American Plains
Authors: Keller Harold W.
Published: December 2024

The prologue describes his boy-hood days traveling in Kansas and Colorado noting the rivers, and following his dad on fishing trips. The author describes his college days at Central Missouri State University in Warrensburg, Missouri, and his interest in botany. This led to his work experience at Dyck Arboretum of the Plains in Hesston, Kansas, the Nebraska Statewide Arboretum, and Lauritzen Gardens in Omaha, Nebraska.
The Headlands chapter introduces the reader to the rivers in Kansas, for example, the Smoky Hill, Saline, Republican, and Kaw with tributaries finally reaching the bigger Missouri River. The author takes the reader through the High Plains and a description of the Ogallala Aquifer, the largest body of ground fossil water in the U.S.A. Many years of irrigation in western Kansas has significantly lowered water levels of the Ogallala water table. Here is where the author describes playas as a landform consisting of shallow depressions lined with soils of a higher clay content that holds water creating ephemeral wetlands attracting waterfowl.
Automated Amplicon Library Preparation Using the Echo 525 and KingFisher Apex with a 384-well Destination Plate v2
Authors: Benz Brooke , Lopez Echartea Eglantina , Geddes Barney
Published: December 2024

We developed a miniaturized, automated amplicon library preparation protocol for 96 samples. This protocol uses the Echo 525 Acoustic Liquid Handler for liquid transfers and the KingFisher Apex for automated magnetic bead cleanup. This protocol is designed to use a 384-well destination plate with the Echo. After library preparation, these samples will be ready for amplicon sequencing.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRIANGULAR FUZZY HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS AND TRADITIONAL HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS
Authors: Vyshnavi M. , Muthukumar M.
Published: December 2024

This study optimizes Traditional Hidden Markov Models (THMMs) using Triangular Fuzzy Membership Functions, resulting in Triangular Fuzzy Hidden Markov Models (TFHMMs) that tolerate ambiguous observations and gradual state transitions in agricultural data prediction. Using oilseed area data from 1992 to 2022, we compare TFHMMs to traditional HMMs, focusing on predicting accuracy using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), Corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc), and Hannan-Quinn Information Criterion (HQIC). Our research includes stationary parameters to improve model stability and uses the Viterbi technique to find optimal state sequences, which improves forecast interpretability. The results show that THMMs outperform TFHMMs at capturing the complicated patterns of agricultural data, with lower prediction errors and more reliability. This work emphasizes the potential of fuzzy logic in not improving probabilistic models for agricultural forecasting, providing a more delicate and accurate approach to analyzing and predicting agricultural trends.
PHRASEOLOGICAL VERBALISATION OF THE PHYTONYM POPPY SEED IN UKRAINIAN
Authors:   Lviv State University of Life Safety, Lviv, Ukraine, CHERNIAVSKA Antonina
Published: December 2024

According to the aim of the study, the article attempts to examine the semantics of the phytonym POPPY SEED and to highlight the components of its meaning in the Ukrainian language paroemias. The relevance of the study is stipulated by the need to analyse the semantics of this phytonym in phraseological units and paroemias in order to understand the conceptual picture of the world of Ukrainians, which contributes to a better understanding of the worldview of the Ukrainian nation. The beliefs, traditions and customs of the Ukrainian people have undergone paroemic verbalisation with the phytonym under study. As part of the phraseological units under consideration, the analysed phytonym can have both pejorative and meliorative colouring. In the Ukrainian culture, the poppy seed is used as a symbol of trivial, something insignificant; it is a symbol of stupidity, it has its special healing properties and serves as a talisman. It has been found that phraseological units with the analysed phytonym can be classified into the following categories: something worthwhile/less, large quantity, presence/absence, small size, fine size, food, and a number of actions that can be performed with poppy seeds, such as sowing, giving, grinding, pounding, chopping. The main components of the analysed phytonym semantics are identified as follows: the semes “essentiality, necessity”, “(non)value”, “plurality”, “sameness, similarity”, “insignificance”, “huge / small quantity”, “delicacy”. The inherent attributes of the phytonym POPPY “black, grey, small, tasty, fine” within the framework of proverbs and sayings contribute to the phraseological objectivation of such concepts as: senility, stupidity, poverty, pretended wealth, inconsistency, incoherence, agreement, emptiness, injustice, exaggeration, flattery/insincerity, arrogance, satisfaction with little or anything, unpretentiousness, nonsense, deception, lies, arbitrariness, unhappy fate, disorder, refusal, nothing, hunger, punishment, reprisal, trouble, annoyance, physical destruction, silence, calm weather, trouble, defeat. It has been found that the semantic elements of the analysed phytonym contribute to the paroemic verbalisation of binary oppositions: “black :: white”, “tasty :: bitter”, “literacy :: illiteracy”, “prosperity :: impoverishment”, “wealth :: poverty”.
SYNTACTIC ASPECTS OF THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER’S SPEECH: A CASE OF LINGUISTIC PROFESSIONAL PROFILING
Authors:   Odesa Mechnykov National University, Odesa, Ukraine, MOROZOVA Iryna
Published: December 2024

The article examines the issue of linguistic profiling of individuals through the lens of their career and language competence. The author aims to identify a set of characteristic speech markers typical of the real and virtual English language teachers and contrasts the results obtained. Thus, the present study is methodologically based on the original English-language novels where the English language teachers are depicted as characters, on the one hand, and on a field experiment conducted personally by the author and involving two Ukraine-originating teachers of English from Odesa lyceums. Having analysed the notions of professional image and speech portrait, the author outlines the English language teacher’s speech status in society in general and proves them to be representatives of the elite social stratum. The study has an uncontestable scientific novelty since it has revealed that whilst the real teachers of English from Ukraine and their colleagues described in the original English-language novels demonstrate similar syntactic sentence types in verbal communication, the differences are also quite striking and possibly rooted in the national mentality. Thus, a conclusion has been made that virtual English teachers prefer encoding their information in complicated sentences, using syntactic complexes, whereas the real teachers of English from Ukraine, unfortunately, neglect this way of minimizing speech efforts, and employ more complex and composite sentences instead. Another interesting discovery is the virtual teachers’ tendency to ask several tag-questions in a row, which can be seen as a way of verbal suggestion to a certain answer by the interlocutor. Mistakes being far from typical in the speech of both groups, the Ukrainian teachers of English may still deviate from the traditional rules of word order and overload the linear length of their sentences. Regarding the perspectives of the study, the author plans to contrast the speech of virtual English teachers with that of real English teachers from the English-speaking countries, both male and female, and to add the levels of phonetics and vocabulary to the scope of analysis.
Earthquake Source Spectra Estimates Vary Widely for Two Ridgecrest Aftershocks Because of Differences in Attenuation Corrections
Authors: Shearer Peter M. , Vandevert Ian , Fan Wenyuan , Abercrombie Rachel E. , Bindi Dino , Calderoni Giovanna , Chen Xiaowei , Ellsworth William , Harrington Rebecca , Huang Yihe , Knudson Trey , Roßbach Meggy , Satriano Claudio , Supino Mariano , Trugman Daniel T. , Yang Hongfeng , Zhang Jiewen
Published: December 2024

Differences in stress-drop estimates among groups of scientists for the same earthquakes suggest disagreement in the shape of the source spectra that are used to measure corner frequency. A critical step in characterizing source spectra involves applying empirical corrections for site effects and the loss of high-frequency energy that occurs along the source–receiver path. As part of the Ridgecrest stress-drop validation study, we compare path-corrected source spectra among different methods for two nearly collocated M 3 earthquakes and investigate whether systematic differences in the applied path corrections are affecting corner-frequency estimates. We find substantial disagreements in the path corrections, which are well approximated with a simple exponential function related to the strong ground motion parameter κ. These κ differences are strongly correlated with corner-frequency estimates for path-corrected spectra, suggesting they are a large source of systematic differences in corner frequency (and inferred stress drop) among the methods, reflecting varying trade-offs between the source and path contributions to observed spectra. Because each method presumably fits the data it uses sufficiently well, these results indicate the limitations of existing purely empirical techniques to estimating path corrections and the need for new approaches.
Ocupações Irregulares em Áreas de Proteção Permanente em Vicente Pires, Distrito Federal
Authors: Ulhoa Cobalchini Ana Beatriz , Marques de Araújo Giselle , Matias Rosemary
Published: December 2024

O Setor Habitacional Vicente Pires (SHVP) é uma cidade satélite do Distrito Federal e foi iniciado por ocupações irregulares de imóveis de alto padrão, muitas em Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP). Assim, podendo gerar impacto negativo nas APPs do SHVP, fato este que investigou este artigo. O método baseou-se em legislação, bases de dados oficiais de domínio público e cedidas livremente por órgãos distritais e ferramentas de geoprocessamento para identificar APPs de rios e nascentes ocupadas. A metodologia de identificação das APP foi de uma faixa marginal de 30 metros a partir dos leitos centrais dos córregos Vicente Pires e do Valo (APPs de rios), conforme Código Florestal; e raio de proteção de 50 metros das nascentes, da origem. A hipótese da pesquisa supôs haver ocupações irregulares situadas em áreas de APP do SHVP, sendo confirmada. O motivo teria sido a falta de conhecimento técnico dos ocupantes e a fiscalização incipiente do Governo durante o início da modificação de vocação urbanística deste Setor Habitacional, o qual era inicialmente definido pelo planejamento urbano regional como agrário e de baixa densidade passou para urbano durante sua ocupação ilegal. Concluindo-se, portanto, que as áreas de APPs de rios estariam sofrendo pressão antrópica e sendo ocupadas de maneira irregular, segundo a legislação ambiental brasileira.
Palavras-chave: Sustentabilidade. Políticas Públicas Ambientais. Ocupação Irregular do Solo.
 
Abstract
The neighborhood called Setor Habitacional Vicente Pires (SHVP) was started based in irregular occupations of expensive houses, some in permanently protected areas (APP). In this case, could exists risks of negative environmental impacts, and this article investigated the espacial distribution of these APP, to comprove this. The methodology was based in geoprocessing tools, legislation, and database gived of Government about APP and based on the brazilian law called Codigo Florestal. The river´s APP was made in a large of 30 meters of rivers Vicente Pires and Do Valo. And about near water resources, was add a radius of 50 meters, from the middle of each one. The hypothesis is that SHVP has much irregulars’ occupations in APP, and this was confirmed. This scenario was motivated because the community haven´t knowledge and the Government don´t policed them initially. The reason appears to be the occupants' lack of technical knowledge and the government's inadequate oversight during the early stages of the urbanistic vocation modification of this Residential Sector. Initially designated by regional urban planning as agricultural and low-density, it transitioned to urban use during its illegal occupation. Consequently, it is concluded that the APP areas of rivers are experiencing anthropogenic pressure and being occupied irregularly, according to Brazilian environmental legislation.
Keywords: Development. Environmental of Public Policies. Irregular Occupations of Territory.
The Effects of Regular Curriculum Courses Integrating Co-Curriculum on Students’Competencies and Class Satisfaction
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Woo Kyung Jin , Jeon Young Mee
Published: December 2024

Recently, the regular curriculum-linked co-curriculum has been increasingly emphasized as it helps students develop their competencies by linking abstract knowledge learned in class with concrete and practical experiences. The purpose of this study was to analyze how regular curriculum courses integrating co-curriculum affect students’ competencies and overall class satisfaction. To this end, a survey was conducted on students in liberal arts and major courses where the regular curriculum-linked co-curriculum was implemented at universities located in the metropolitan area. First of all, the regular curriculum - linked co-curriculum analyzed in this study was developed and operated by the professor in charge. It was developed and operated in accordance with the goals and content of both liberal arts and major subject, but the method of implementation in the classroom differed. In the case of the liberal arts course, the co-curriculum was conducted as a program carried out by individual students outside of class rather than during class time. The results were submitted as assignments and were not shared among students. On the other hand, in the major course, the co-curriculum was operated with active interaction between professors and students, allowing time for presentations and the sharing of feedback during class. Both students’ competencies and class satisfaction improved as a result of the regular curriculum courses integrating co-curriculum. Notably, a significant difference in students’ competencies was identified in the course where all students participated together, presented, and shared opinions. Based on these research results, this study suggested that universities should diversify the range of subjects involved, expand regular curriculum courses integrating co-curriculum, and operate them in a way that more actively integrates regular curriculum and co-curriculum activities. Additionally, universities should provide education and support for professors to ensure the efficient operation of regular curriculum courses integrating co-curriculum.
The Effects of ChatGPT-Assisted Teacher Feedback on Korean College Students’ English Writing
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Park Punahm , Kim Tai-won
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of ChatGPT-assisted teacher feedback on the writing skills and motivation of Korean EFL learners, compared to traditional teacher feedback, in two English composition classes at a Korean university. 41 Korean EFL university students were divided into two groups: 20 students in the control group received traditional teacher feedback whereas 21 students in the experimental group received ChatGPT-assisted teacher feedback. Data was collected through writing samples, questionnaires and interviews. To assess the students’ writing skills, pre- and post-tests of writing were administered as well as a survey questionnaire and interviews about their motivation and perceptions of the use of ChatGPT. Students were individually interviewed to examine the influence of ChatGPT-assisted teacher feedback in the revision process. There were statistically significant differences in learners’ writing performance between pre- and post-test scores in both groups. Results revealed that both feedback styles were efficient for an improvement of the learners’ writing ability. However, the two groups were distinguished in terms of their perceptions and attitudes to feedback practices. The control group was motivated with the teacher’s context-specific feedback on content while the experimental group was demotivated with ChatGPT’s hallucinated feedback. This study implicates the effectiveness of using ChatGPT as a supplemental tool for constructive feedback on the revision process with EFL Korean university learners.
Dynamics of recurrent neural networks with piecewise linear activation function in the context-dependent decision-making task
Authors:   Federal Research Center A. V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Kononov Roman , Maslennikov Oleg ,   Federal Research Center A. V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Nekorkin Vladimir ,   Federal Research Center A. V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Published: December 2024

The purpose The aim of this paper is to investigate the dynamic mechanism of solving the cognitive task of context-dependent two-alternative decision-making, developed in the process of reinforcement learning by recurrent neural networks, and to develop a methodology for analyzing such models based on the theory of dynamical systems.

Methods. An ensemble of neural networks with a piecewise linear activation function is constructed. The models were optimized using the reinforcement learning method of proximal policy optimization. The structure of a trial with constant stimuli over a long stage
allows us to treat inputs as system parameters and consider the system as autonomous during finite time intervals.

Results. The dynamic mechanism of two-alternative decision in terms of attractors of autonomous systems is uncovered and described. Possible types of attractors in the model under consideration are described and the distribution of types of attractors in the
ensemble of models relative to the parameters of the cognitive task is studied. In the obtained networks, a stable division into functional populations is revealed for the ensemble of models. The process of evolution of the composition of these populations is studied. Based on the obtained understanding of the dynamic mechanism, a two-dimensional network was constructed that solves the simplified problem of two-alternative decision without context.

Conclusion. The proposed approach allows us to qualitatively describe the mechanism of solving the problem in terms of attractors. Such description allows us to study the dynamics of functional models and identify the populations behind dynamic objects. This approach makes it possible to track the evolution of the attractors of the system and the corresponding populations in the learning process.
On the probabilistic description of the asynchronous phases occurrence in intermittent generalized synchronization regime of one-dimensional maps
Authors:   Saratov State University, Russia, Koronovskii Aleksei , Moskalenko Olga ,   Saratov State University, Russia, Selskii Anton ,   Saratov State University, Russia
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the present study is to explain and describe (with the help of the probabilistic model) the process of breaking the stage of synchronous behavior and the emergence of a section of asynchronous dynamics in the regime of intermittent generalized chaotic synchronization in one-dimensional dynamical systems with discrete time.

Methods. In this paper, a probabilistic model is used to quantitatively describe the observed characteristics of the behavior of two unidirectionally coupled systems being near the onset of the synchronous regime.

Results. An analytical expression for the probability to observe the destruction of the synchronous phase on an interval of fixed duration under the assumption of uniformly distributed variable, as well as the form of the probability density function of the system state for the destruction intervals of synchronous dynamics are obtained.

Conclusion. The paper presents quantitative estimates of the process of destruction of synchronous behavior in the regime of intermittent generalized chaotic synchronization for one-dimensional dynamical systems with discrete time. The generality of processes near the boundary of the synchronous motion for generalized chaotic synchronization and noise-induced synchronization is shown.
Neurological Recovery Following Surgical Intervention in Patients with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury at the University Teaching Hospital in Zambia
Authors: Mulemwa Munosiya , Lupenga Joseph , Banda-Chalwe Martha
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Traumatic spinal cord injuries cause long-term disability and functional impairment. Timely and proper surgical treatment improves neurological recovery and functional outcomes. However, in low-resource setting countries, surgical intervention is usually delayed raising concerns about the recovery of patients. Hence, this study investigated the neurological improvement of patients undergoing surgery for traumatic spinal cord injuries at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia.
Methods
This was a retrospective study that included all eligible patients with traumatic spinal cord injury managed surgically at the University Teaching Hospital between 2018 and 2022. The study assessed neurological improvement by comparing the American Spinal Injury Association’s neurological grading before surgery to that at discharge. Data was analysed using Stata 17, and the level of significance was set at 5%.
Results
Out of the 96 patients in the study, 45.8% showed neurological improvement of at least one grade after surgery. Patients with thoracic injuries showed lower improvement rates (25.0%) than those with cervical (55.0%) or lumbar injuries (65.0%), while those with incomplete injuries showed higher improvement rates (78.7%) (p <0.05). Thoracic injuries were associated with reduced neurological improvement (AOR 0.21; 95% CI: 0.04 – 0.95, p = 0.043), while incomplete injuries were associated with higher neurological improvement (AOR 18.58; 95% CI: 6.11 – 56.51, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Neurological improvement was poor for thoracic injuries and complete injuries, highlighting the necessity for further investigation into the specific structural features and mechanisms of injury that contribute to poor neurological improvement in thoracic injuries and the identification of effective recovery approaches for these patients.
Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice of Dermatologists and Family Physicians Regarding Probiotics in Atopic Dermatitis in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Yahya Khulood
Published: December 2024

Background: Despite the growing evidence of significant probiotics’ role in various diseases, including dermatological conditions, there is limited data on awareness dermatologists and family phsycians about its role in atopic dermatitis in Saudi Arabia.
Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of dermatologists and family physicians regarding probiotics in atopic dermatitis in Saudi Arabia
Methods: This study was a web-based cross-sectional study. Data were collected via an online questionnaire, targeting dermatologists and family physicians from different Saudi regions.The questionnaire included closed-ended questions on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice of probiotic in atopic dermatits. Knowledge level and atitude scoring were assessed and compared based on participants’ characteristics.
Results: The study analyzed responses from 273 participants, with a mean age of 34.5 ± 8.3 years. The majority of respondents were dermatologists (71.8%). Among the participants, 23.1% demonstrated good knowledge about probiotics in relation to atopic dermatitis, with a significantly higher level of knowledge observed among consultants (38.5%), dermatologists (24%), and those with 10 or more years of experience. While most respondents displayed a positive attitude toward the use of probiotics, actual prescription rates were low. Notably, 53.8% of participants did not engage in prescribing probiotics, and only 33.3% monitored patient outcomes associated with their use. The main barrier identified was a lack of knowledge, with 66.7% of respondents citing this as a significant challenge.
Conclusion: The study highlights the need for improved educational resources to enhance healthcare providers' understanding and confidence in using probiotics for atopic dermatitis. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on probiotics and underscores the need for targeted interventions to support healthcare professionals in delivering evidence-based care.
Los fundamentos del alma en Plotino y su recepción en Agustín de Hipona En. IV, 8 [7] en Gn. adu. Man. 2, 12
Authors: Calabrese Claudio César , Junco Ethel Beatriz
Published: December 2024

En nuestro trabajo presentamos la hipótesis siguiente: el pasaje de Plotino En. IV, 8 [7] está presente en Gn. adu. Man. 2, 12 de Agustín de Hipona. Como no se trata de una cita directa, y como además hay una controversia en curso sobre el contenido de los Libri platonicorum, aquella colección de textos traducidos al latín que le permitió a Plotino acceder a un planteo sobre la credibilidad de la fe (conf. 7, 13), nos acercamos a esta propuesta a partir de un triple movimiento de convergencia: presentamos, primero, el estado de la cuestión sobre los autores que formarían parte de aquella colección antes mencionada; luego, las precisiones respecto del alma en Plotino y las dificultades que va encontrándose en su camino de comprensión y, por último, el modo en que esta concepción impactó en la noción creatural de Agustín de Hipona durante la exégesis antes mencionada. En este contexto, hallamos el giro medietas animae para explicar la situación del alma en el paraíso, lo que permite postular la utilización de un texto latino en el que se traduce la expresión plotiniana μέση τάξις. Concluimos, siguiendo esta perspectiva de análisis, que Agustín de Hipona explica, mediante el recurso de En. IV, 8 [7], la caída del alma de un modo que resulta acorde con la Escritura. Nuestro método de trabajo es filológico en cuanto ciencia de la comprensión, y se basa en una lectura detenida de los textos plotiniano y agustiniano.
Los sacerdotes procedentes de otros lugares: un enfoque sistémico necesario y urgente
Authors: Join-Lambert Arnaud , Pérez Alejandro
Published: December 2024

Tras una breve revisión de la bibliografía sobre el tema de los sacerdotes que provienen de otros lugares para ejercer su ministerio en países occidentales, es fácil extraer una primera conclusión a partir de la escasa cantidad de investigaciones. Se abren algunos interrogantes serios y complejos. Cuando un tema es tan importante y nadie lo aborda, lo llamamos tabú (dimensión psicológica) o punto ciego (dimensión estructural). Para alimentar una reflexión urgente y necesaria, planteo la hipótesis de que en todas partes el enfoque es casi exclusivamente personal y clerical (1), cuando en realidad se trata de una realidad sistémica (2). Por ende, las respuestas a las preguntas deben ser sistémicas. El artículo se estructura en tres secciones principales. La primera, “La dificultad de salir de un enfoque casi exclusivamente personal y clerical,” aborda los retos de superar este enfoque, incluyendo la necesidad de invertir en preparación y recepción (1.1), la falta de atención a los beneficiarios (1.2), y la creciente complejidad del presbiterado (1.3). En la segunda sección, “Un enfoque sistémico necesario y urgente,” se destaca la importancia de una perspectiva más amplia, analizando dos intentos del Magisterio (2.1), los efectos de una opción pastoral fuerte (2.2), y si esta ha impedido la renovación eclesial (2.3). La tercera sección, “Y, ¿ahora qué?”, plantea los próximos pasos a seguir.
El problema de la mística en Henri de Lubac
Authors: Álvarez Carlos
Published: December 2024

El itinerario intelectual de Henri de Lubac está entretejido por la problemática mística. Motivado por la situación contemporánea de crisis de la Iglesia y de la sociedad en el siglo XX, recurre a la mística explorando sus posibilidades en un contexto de profundas mutaciones culturales y de debilitamiento de la fe. Su reflexión “no acabada” sobre la mística presenta evoluciones y en su estadio más afinado estará vinculada a la inteligencia espiritual de las Escrituras, a su carácter eminentemente antropológico y eclesial. En el presente artículo queremos explorar la compleja relación que tiene Lubac con la cuestión mística, marcada por las cenizas de la crisis modernista y por el “trauma” que significó la crisis de la Nouvelle Théologie y de las facultades jesuitas de Fourviére. Para ello, se incorpora la reflexión del autor en los debates teológicos y filosóficos sobre la mística, especialmente en diálogo con el pensamiento de su discípulo Michel de Certeau.