bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Basin - History of Billings Reservoir’s Construction
Authors: Godoy Jeane Aparecida Rombi de , Alvim Angélica Tanus Benatti
Published: December 2022

This article, as part of a doctoral research, discusses, based on a historical survey, the main aspects that contributed to the formation of the so-called – Greater ABC of São Paulo region, with emphasis on the urbanization process that radiated mainly during the 19th century from the city of Sao Paulo. In that context, two developments were recognized as inducing the transformation of the space – the railroad and the dam. For this study, its understanding was paramount to understand the various aspects that contributed to the territorial configuration of this important region of São Paulo, considering that this region is known for its economic and financial grandeur. However, when carefully observing the data referring to the arrangement of the municipalities that make up the greater ABC, as well as high HDI indices, one has the idea of ​​a region that has achieved significant development, but the data and information found emphasize that this condition does not is homogeneously distributed, bearing in mind that there are socio-spatial inequalities among the seven municipalities in the region, which are materialized in various asymmetries stamped in the urban landscape of each municipality. In summary, it appears that this critical situation is the result of a wrong and incipient planning process that, among other aspects, led to an intense process of degradation of water bodies, in addition to intensifying situations of socio-environmental vulnerabilities.
Appropriation of Public Space: The case of two distinct squares in Cuiabá-MT
Authors: Gatto Joel Marcos , Godoy Jeane Aparecida Rombi de
Published: December 2022

Between 2017 and 2020, the city of Cuiabá-MT carried out a revitalization and construction program for approximately 100 (one hundred) squares. Using it as a temporal and thematic cut, the present study aimed to understand to what extent these squares, through their physical attributes, contributed to their appropriation as a public space. With this intention, the research was placed in a practical nature through a single case study in multiple units of analysis, choosing the city of Cuiabá as a case study, and two squares as distinct units of analysis. Issues such as the meaning of public space and its role in appropriation were addressed in the theoretical review. To this end, an inventory survey of the squares in Cuiabá was carried out before and after the aforementioned intervention program, with subsequent selection of a sample for the two squares. Finally, by carrying out visits to these units, it was observed that the physical attributes and the more centralized insertion in the neighborhoods proved to be appropriation inducers. In addition, the design qualification more suited to the needs of local users revealed higher levels of appropriation, with a greater variety of users.
THE EFFECT OF ENGLISH COURSE DESIGNED BY FLIPPED LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENTS’ ENGAGEMENT, ANXIETY AND ATTITUDE
Authors: YILMAZ Dolunay , TUNCA GUCLU Nihal , ALKIN-ŞAHİN Senar
Published: December 2022

In the current study, it was aimed to examine the effect of the Vocational Foreign Language- English course, designed with the flipped learning model, on the engagement, anxiety and attitude of the students attending the Department of Physical Education at a Faculty of Sport Sciences. The study was carried out using a single-group pretest-posttest experimental design. The study group is comprised of 45 undergraduate students attending the Department of Physical Education at a Faculty of Sport Sciences of a state university. In the study, three data collection tools were used; the Scale of Attitudes towards English, the English Lesson Anxiety Scale and the Engagement Scale. The Dependent Samples T-test was used to determine whether there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the students. In the study, it was concluded that the Vocational Foreign Language English course, which was carried out by using the flipped learning model, was effective in reducing the anxiety of the students attending the Department of Physical Education, in increasing their engagement and in developing their attitudes towards the course. An important limitation of this study is that it was conducted on a single group. In the future, carrying out experimental studies involving experimental and control groups on the relevant subject will lead to stronger methodological results. In this study, the effect of flipped learning on three basic variables was examined. In future studies, the effect of flipped learning on students’ cognitive abilities such as higher-order thinking, problem solving and creative thinking or different affective characteristics such as motivation can be examined.
621.1.HTC_H&E Stain (Paraffin or Cryosections) v1
Authors: S Pryhuber Gloria
Published: December 2022

Hematoxylin and Eosin staining is the standard chemical stain used on slides to be reviewed for assessment of general histopathology and the generation of a pathology report for each donor. (From Wikipedia) H&E is the combination of two histological stains: hematoxylin and eosin. The hematoxylin stains cell nuclei a purplish blue, and eosin stains the extracellular matrix and cytoplasm pink, with other structures taking on different shades, hues, and combinations of these colors. Hence a pathologist can easily differentiate between the nuclear and cytoplasmic parts of a cell, and additionally, the overall patterns of coloration from the stain show the general layout and distribution of cells and provides a general overview of a tissue sample's structure. Pattern recognition, by expert humans or by software that aids those experts in digital pathology, provides histologic information. This stain combination was first introduced in 1876 by A. Wissowzky.
624.1_URMC_HTC_Cryosectioning Non-Inflated Fresh-Frozen Embedded Lung for Nuclear Isolation or Multi-plexed In Situ Hybridization v1
Authors: S Pryhuber Gloria
Published: December 2022

This protocol describes steps to prepare non-fixed, fresh frozen tissue that has been embedded in OCT, CMC or other embedding material. The protocol has been used in preparation for DARTFISH and MERFISH assays, as well as for representative serial section H&E stains of the tissue blocks used in these assays.
HuBMAP Lung TMC UCSD & URMC Protocol Overall for Multimodal Single Cell/Nucleus Assays v1
Authors: S Pryhuber Gloria
Published: December 2022

This protocol is an overview of the protocols in use for the single nuclear RNA sequencing and ATACseq datasets for HubMAP-Lung Tissue Mapping Center, TMC UCSD / TMC URMC. It includes protocols.io links to each of the individual protocols that make up this project workflow, from processing tissue, sectioning, H&E imaging the tissue samples, isolation of nuclei from frozen lung tissue, running of multimodal single cell/nucleus assays.uploading the final data to the HuBMAP HIVE. See also: Human Kidney, Urinary Tract, and Lung Cell Type Mapping Pipeline for the Human Biomolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP) V.2 dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bvvin64e
Whole blood T cell assay for NHPs, containment protocol v1
Authors: Audet Jonathan
Published: December 2022

This is a protocol used to perform T cell assays using whole blood (collected in EDTA tubes) or cells from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We have successfully used this protocol for rhesus macaques, cynomolgus macaques, and African green monkeys (although antibody mix provided was titrated on macaques). It allows the characterization of T cells into Th1 and Th2 (or Tc1 and Tc2) phenotypes. It technically offers 64 different activation profiles (4 cytokines + CD107a + CD69). The nature and concentration of the stimulant is left unspecified as we have used different ones depending on reagent availability. This protocol was designed to deal with samples coming from containment labs (> CL2) at our facility. If you are using this protocol at a different facility please ensure that proper testing and approvals are in place. The protocol can be used for experiments completed entirely in CL2, simply go from step 17 directly to 31.
615.1 URMC HTC Non-Inflated Fresh-Frozen Embedded Lung and Associated Tissue v2
Authors: S Pryhuber Gloria
Published: December 2022

Purpose and Scope of the Procedure - Rapid blocking, embedding and freezing of human lung tissue in no freezing media, 100% OCT or 5% CMC - Rapid freezing of non-lung tissue in no freezing media, 100% OCT or 5% CMC
TURKISH ADAPTATION OF THE PROSOCIAL ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS SCALE: A VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY
Authors: Altunok Dilara , Şentürk Faruk Kerem
Published: December 2022

This study aims to adapt the prosocial organizational behavior scale (POBS) developed by McNeely and Meglino (1994) to Turkish culture. An adaptation study was carried out in a 14-step systematic order. The data were collected from a sample of 600 people actively working in different sectors in the city center of Düzce. The properties of the scale were analysed through internal consistency coefficient, structural validity (EFA&CFA), scope validity, linguistic equivalence, convergent and discriminant validity methods. Results confirmed that POBS adapted in Turkish is a valid and reliable three-dimensional scale with 17 items.
A Study on the Relationship between Surface Behavior and Turnover Intention of Nursing Care Workers: The Moderating Effect of Social Support
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, Lee Okza , kwon jin
Published: December 2022

This study is a study of nursing care workers, who are the core personnel of the long-term care insurance system, and is a study of turnover intention leading to rotational door phenomenon in poor treatment and working conditions. Nursing care workers are generally suffering from serious emotional labor, which is an important cause of turnover intention. In this context, the relationship with turnover intention was analyzed by setting 'surface behavior', which shows negative effects during emotional labor, as an independent variable. In addition, social support was set as a moderating variable to alleviate this negative mechanism of emotional labor. Until now, many studies have looked at social support as a personality that comes from a boss or family, and in this study, it was differentiated from existing studies and analyzed as emotional/informational/material/evaluation support. As a result of the analysis, surface behavior was a mechanism to increase turnover intention, and social support lowered turnover intention. As a result of the moderating effect test, it was found that information support and evaluation were shown in the relationship between surface behavior and turnover intention, but this statistically significant inhibitory effect was shown. Therefore, in light of the results of this study, policy and practical implications were presented.
Exploring the health and welfare support system using digital technology: Focusing on the experiences of Finland and Denmark
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, Kim Hakju
Published: December 2022

This study analyzes the foreign experience of introducing digital welfare in Finland and Denmark in Scandinavia, which are leading efforts to utilize welfare technology in the public domain, among the Nordic countries that have already experienced the low fertility and aging situation from the 1960s. The author tried to explore the establishment of a health and welfare support system using technology. To this objective, the Danish government's five-year 'Growth Strategy for Digital Welfare' was examined in depth along with cases of public and private sector data integration platform construction in Finland. Finland has established the Kantar service since 2007, a centralized and integrated digital data system merging the social welfare data, electronic medical records (EMR), with genome data of its people all together. Then, in 2019, the revision of the Second Data Utilization Act to revitalize data utilization opened the way for private companies to use the integrated data for multiple purposes. In the case of Denmark, through a systematic e-government strategy for more than 10 years the foundation for digital public essential services has been laid. The main goals are the dissemination of telemedicine, effective cooperation in health care, and the application of welfare technologies and digital processes in the fields of nursing and care. In this study, after examining the cases of Finland and Denmark where the private and public sectors collaborate in terms of digitization in the social welfare and health care sectors, the author finally suggests key tasks we need to improve to create public interest through digitization.
A Case Study on Instructors' Interview Experiences with Field Experts: With a focus on the philia of Aristotle
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, KIM JIN A
Published: December 2022

This study set out to examine cases that instructors had while conducting an interview with field experts. The investigator conducted an interview with 18 field experts to produce an online content video on the topic of personality education. In the present study, the investigator met with interviewees in the field, had talks with them, and videotaped their interviews from January to April 2022. The analysis results of their interviews show that instructors had an opportunity to grow out of theoretical philosophy and convert it into life philosophy through interview experiences. Based on its findings, the study argues that the process of instructors preparing for their lectures can take into account the diverse aspects of life instead of being restricted only to the academic and theoretical ones and that the unique form of an interview can help instructors try new teaching methods based on talks beyond the old instructor-centered lectures. Furthermore, instructors and field experts expanded their relationship to philia mentioned by Aristotle based on their common topic of personality education through their talks on the processes of casting, interview script revision, and field work.
Frontiers in Non-metastatic, Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Lucero Kana T ,   Department of Internal Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA, Yoo James ,   Division Hematology-Oncology, Mays Cancer Center UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA, Ramamurthy Chethan ,   Division Hematology-Oncology, Mays Cancer Center UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
Published: December 2022

The treatment landscape of bladder cancer is rapidly changing, with the introduction of novel therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeted therapies and antibody–drug conjugates. While most of the initial developments were in the treatment of metastatic disease, several recent advances have been made in the treatment of non-metastatic muscle-invasive disease. ICIs have demonstrated a role in the adjuvant treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer and on-going studies are poised to better elucidate that role. Multiple studies are also investigating a role for ICIs as monotherapy or in combination with other treatments in the neoadjuvant treatment of urothelial cancer. There are also on-going studies exploring novel approaches to bladder preservation in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Advances and Future Goals in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Therapy
Authors: Bittar Gianfranco ,   Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA, Oliveira-Gomes Diana De ,   Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA, Rivero Gustavo ,   Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA,   Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,   The Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Published: December 2022

The treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) remains challenging, given the disease's heterogeneous genomics, epigenetics and immunology. Although novel drugs are rapidly being developed, the outcomes of patients with AML remain suboptimal, especially among individuals older than 75 years and those with primary relapsed/refractory disease. While molecular characterization can inform the use of targeted therapies, several limitations, including low response rates and short durations of remission when targeted agents are used as monotherapies, restrict the efficacy of this strategy. It is likely that combining targeted agents with either chemotherapy or hypomethylating agents will help to advance the field. Here, we review current cytogenetic and genomic European LeukemiaNet risk-stratification models for AML. We present the cases of three patients with AML that illustrate the therapeutic recommendations for patients in specific genomic subgroups, emphasizing recent results with a hypomethylating agent plus B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor therapy in elderly patients. Finally, we summarize data from clinical trials that promise to improve AML therapy.
Oral Therapies for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Singhal Sachi ,   Internal Medicine, Crozer-Chester Medical Center, Upland, PA, USA, Kumar Shaji ,   Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Published: December 2022

Multiple myeloma is a haematological cancer that needs continuous long-term management for improved outcomes and survival. Over the last few decades, medical therapies for myeloma have improved considerably, with several new drug classes becoming available. Oral therapies, especially when used in combinations, are more convenient than intravenous therapies, and limit the number of clinic visits. Oral therapies include thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, ixazomib, panobinostat, selinexor, venetoclax, melphalan and cyclophosphamide. Cytopenias were the most common adverse events with the immunomodulatory drugs panobinostat, selinexor and venetoclax, while skin rash was seen commonly with ixazomib and lenalidomide. Oral regimens are imperative during a global pandemic and can be managed over telemedicine visits rather than outpatient infusions and injections, reducing the risk of exposure and infection. It is important that patients monitor their side effects and report them to their healthcare providers at the earliest opportunity. We review available oral regimens and their combinations for effective management of myeloma.
Trilaciclib: A First-in-class Therapy to Reduce Chemotherapy-induced Myelosuppression
Authors: Young Joanna A ,   Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA, Tan Antoinette R ,   Section of Breast Medical Oncology, Department of Solid Tumor Oncology and Investigational Therapeutics, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
Published: December 2022

Oral cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors are routinely used to treat metastatic hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer in combination with endocrine therapy; however, they have not been widely used for other tumour types. Trilaciclib is an intravenous CDK 4/6 inhibitor that causes reversible cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and transient haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell arrest. Ultimately, this protects the bone marrow and immune system from the cytotoxic impact of chemotherapy. Trilaciclib has been evaluated in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer in combination with chemotherapy as a myeloprotective agent and was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for this use in February 2021. In metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, trilaciclib plus chemotherapy had a survival benefit over chemotherapy alone. This is being further investigated in a phase III trial. This review outlines the mechanism of this novel agent and describes preclinical and clinical data, characterizing its use in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer and advanced triple-negative breast cancer.
ATLAS: Risk-adapted Triplet Maintenance with Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone – Still Shrugging?
Authors: Franz Joseph ,   Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Lonial Sagar ,   Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Published: December 2022

ATLAS (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02659293) is a randomized phase III clinical trial comparing intensified carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (KRd) maintenance to standard-of-care, single-agent lenalidomide. The recently reported primary analysis showed a progression-free survival benefit for KRd. Whilst the study met its primary endpoint, closer analysis of its design and results is necessary before this intensified maintenance strategy can be adopted in clinical practice.
A New Improved Algorithm for Low Complexity Wideband Angle of Arrival Estimation
Authors:   Communication Engineering, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani, Iraq, Karim Bakhtiar A. , Ali Haitham K.
Published: December 2022

The two fundamental problems of Test of Orthogonality of Projected Subspace (TOPS) based Angle of Arrival (AOA) estimation methods are computational complexity and spurious peaks. This work tries to explain the causes of these problems and applies a two-step modification to the Squared-TOPS (SQ-TOPS) procedure to tackle both problems. In the first step, the computational complexity is minimized via replacing the computationally-intensive eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) with a novel Covariance Matrix (CM) subsampling methodology to construct Projection Matrix (PM). Second, the problem of spurious peaks generation is addressed by establishing a new squared orthogonality test between the newly created PM and the transferred signal subspaces (after subspace projection). To justify the effectiveness of the suggested method, a numerical example along with intensive Monte Carlo simulations over different scenarios are provided where the proposed algorithm is systemically compared with its rival methods. The simulation results show the superiority of the proposed algorithm, projection matrix squared TOPS (PMS-TOPS), in terms of lower complexity, higher accuracy, less sensitivity to correlated sources, and low converges time in comparison to TOPS, SQ-TOPS, and weighted square TOPS (WS-TOPS) methods.
CDSK Modulator and Demodulator System Based on FPAA Technology
Authors:   Computer Technology Engineering, Norther Technology University, Mosul, Iraq, Salih Thair A.
Published: December 2022

Experts have been concerned about the security of digital communication systems and the reduction of interception in recent years. Because of its inherent characteristics and high efficiency in encoding information, chaotic signals can play a significant role in this respect. A dynamically reconfigurable FPAA AN231E04 from Anadigm is used to implement of Correlation Delay Shift Keying (CDSK) communication system. The FPAA chip can be used in almost any electronic hardware for analog system implementations. It permits the experimental selection or amendment of the system structure to achieve its specific properties. The performance of the Rossler oscillator was evaluated via MATLAB Simulink environment. The practical implementation demonstrates and validates chaotic dynamic behavior. The effect of Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) on the performance of the proposed CDSK systems was studied. Under the impact of the AWGN channel, the performance efficiency of the suggested CDSK and noncoherent differential chaos shift keying (NC-DCSK) systems were examined. The CDSK bit transfer technique is safer than the NC-DCSK bit transfer technology. The power consumption of the proposed system is (only 763±18 mW) according to performance studies.
The Impact of HVDC on the Current and Future Energy Markets
Authors:   Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems, National Engineering School of Sousse University of Sousse, 4023, Sousse, Tunisie, Hussein Israa Ismael , Essallah Sirine , Khedher Adel
Published: December 2022

Obvious technological and economic advantages of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems over traditional High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) systems are becoming increasingly attractive for long-distance transmission. Several research papers on HVDC transmission networks have been published. However, most of them are focused on specific geographic locations or system components. Nonetheless, this study gives a brief yet thorough overview and international assessment of HVDC transmission systems. The following are the important points to be covered in the paper: The state of the art of HVDC technology development, the benefits, economic comparisons, and constraints of HVDC systems, as well as the size of the international HVDC industry market and the impact of COVID-19 on the market, are all explored in-depth, along with a mathematical model for forecasting the evolution of market demand. According to market statistics, the Asia-Pacific region (APAC) is the biggest market and technical leader in HVDC technologies. In addition, the market for HVDC will continue to grow in the forecasted period.
"Broad-Spectrum" Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education System Framework and Theoretical Value Analysis of Design Specialty in China's Higher Education
Authors:   Foshan University, China, Jinchao Fan , Rahman Anis Amira Binti Abu , Jintao Fan
Published: December 2022

In Chinese higher education, "broad-spectrum" innovation and entrepreneurship education for design majors is a new teaching model for design majors, with creative entrepreneurship as the core, combining innovation and entrepreneurship content, and with certain special, professional, and extensive integration characteristics. It is a new way for China's innovation and entrepreneurship education to be professionalized and systematized in design majors. Therefore, this paper briefly analyzes and elaborates on the system construction of "broad-spectrum" innovation and entrepreneurship education in Chinese higher education design majors and the corresponding theoretical values, hoping that it will have some guiding effect on the further development of specialized innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities.
A Study on the Future of School Knowledge based on the Prospects for Future Child and Youth Development
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Yoon Chohee , Jeong Young-Keun , Min Yong-Seong , Lee Keun-ho
Published: December 2022

This study attempted to predict through mega-trends the future developmental characteristics of children and adolescents who will live in the upcoming artificial intelligence era and to explore the school’s tasks in terms of school knowledge. Futures studies consist of defining large information flows that will appear in the future in a specific field as mega-trends. To predict the mega-trends of children and adolescents, the study examined the trend of changes in the developmental characteristics of children and adolescents from the past to the present and conducted two expert panel councils. Through the expert councils, five future mega- trends of child and youth development (changes in physical structure and function, changes in neurophysiology, cognition and learning, increase in mental health problems and emotional vulnerabilities, individualization, personalization, and diversified lifestyles, and digital networking) were derived, and 187 knowledge items were developed. For the knowledge items, two Delphi surveys were conducted to identify appropriate knowledge elements judged by experts. As a result of analysis, 4 characteristics of future school knowledge according to the child and adolescent mega-trends were identified: all knowledge elements (knowledge, skills, and value/attitude) were evenly emphasized, convergent/de-boundary characteristics between school subjects stood out, emotional education was emphasized, and finally, scores on the items related to posthumanism were relatively low. In conclusion, changes are expected to be made to the curriculum so that human and non-human beings jointly create new knowledge based on their respective agencies and co-construct a meaningful world where they can participate in useful practices.
The Mediating Effects of Achievement Goal Orientation on the Relationship Between Academic Self-Efficacy and Learning Flow in High School Students
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Choi Mi-Kyung , Cho Gyu-Pan
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effects of achievement goal orientation on the relationship between academic self-efficacy and learning flow of high school students. For the purpose of this study, a questionnaire was conducted on 299 students of B high school located in Busan, and the data of 287 students were finally analyzed. Correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship among academic self-efficacy, learning flow, and achievement goal orientation; regression analysis was performed to verify the mediating effects of achievement goal orientation. The conclusions from the results and discussions are as follows. First, there are significant correlations among academic self-efficacy, learning flow, and achievement goal orientation. Second, mastery approach goal orientation has a partial mediating effect between academic self-efficacy and learning flow. Third, performance approach goal orientation has a partial mediating effect between academic self-efficacy and learning flow. Based on these conclusions, it is necessary to present an educational direction for effective learning in the school field by considering the achievement goal-oriented type in order to promote the learning flow of high school students.
Qualitative Analysis of Secondary School Students’Positions on Gender Equality Issues: Implications for Gender Equality Education in Social Studies
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Kang Byung-Hee , Park YunKyoung , Jung Young Son
Published: December 2022

This study aims to understand middle and high school students' thoughts on gender equality issues in our society and to draw implications for gender equality education in social studies education based on the results. To this end, focus group interviews on the veteran’s extra point system and the gender equality employment system were conducted with 31 middle school and high school students in Seoul. The data was analyzed in a qualitative way for pros and cons and their logic. As a result of the analysis, students were more in favor of the veteran’s extra point system, and mostly opposed the gender equality employment system. First, students in favor of the veteran’s extra point system suggested that it be a fair compensation for men who served in the military, and that the discrimination of the system could be offset by providing an equivalent preferential system for women. On the other hand, students who oppose that system pointed out the differentiation and limitations inherent in the system as problems. Next, the students who opposed the gender equality employment system suggested that it undermined free competition based on the equal abilities of men and women. On the other hand, students in favor of the system mentioned that it is for women in care work, and that it has a positive function in the labor market. The results of the analysis confirmed that the youth in our society lacked critical reflection on dichotomous gender roles and structural sexism, and had regressive thinking on gender equality based on fairness and meritocracy perspectives. Based on these results, the implications for gender equality education in social studies education were presented.
Tensiones entre la aceptación social y la reticencia individual a la vacunación: la perspectiva de padres y madres que residen en la ciudad de Buenos Aires en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19.
Authors: Bruno Daniela , Pereira Andrés , Mena María Florencia , Demonte Flavia
Published: December 2022

La caída en las coberturas de vacunación asociada con la desconfianza de la población hacia las vacunas, ha sido definida como una amenaza para la salud a nivel global. A través de un enfoque cualitativo, estudiamos la significación social de las vacunas y, mediante entrevistas realizadas a madres y padres de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, describimos y analizamos sus conocimientos y los argumentos esgrimidos para justificar su aceptación o reticencia a la vacunación de sus hijos/as en el contexto del COVID-19. Los resultados muestran que la población estudiada maneja conocimientos sobre las vacunas y las acepta como práctica preventiva. Aun sosteniendo ello, reconstruimos un amplio espectro donde identificamos actitudes reticentes a la vacunación basadas en dudas sobre su seguridad, efectos adversos y la necesidad de aplicarlas para enfermedades erradicadas, proponiendo la vacunación como práctica opcional y complementaria a otras prácticas de cuidado. Los argumentos se organizan bajo el supuesto de la responsabilidad individual y moral sobre el cuidado de la salud, expresión del actual escenario sociocultural y sanitario.
Smart Specialisation in less-developed regions of the European Union
Authors: Wibisono Eristian
Published: December 2022

This paper reviews the literature on Smart Specialization implementation in less developed regions of the European Union (EU). Using a systematic literature review research protocol, I critically explore the content of selected relevant papers, examine the challenges in the Smart Specialization implementation in less developed regions of the EU, and raise critical factors that could potentially enhance the success of its implementation. The first finding of this study shows that research on related topics published in leading journals has increased significantly in recent years. Furthermore, as an essential contribution, I categorize the selected papers according to diversity in research design and methodology. Finally, I summarise three key issues of Smart Specialization implementation in less developed regions of the EU: RIS capacity and governance, local and extra-regional collaboration, and regional administrative and financial governance.
A developing realist model of the pedagogical affordances of ICTs
Authors: Moll Ian , Dlamini Reuben , Ndlovu Nokulunga , Drennan Gail , Nkambule Fikile , Phakathi Nelisiwe
Published: December 2022

This article sets out the eWits model of the pedagogical affordances of ICTs. These are inherent properties of computer technology that constitute possibilities for teachers to act to enable learning in classroom contexts. The model is informed by Gibson’s realist theory of the psychological affordances of objects. We challenge interpretivist notions of affordance: while teachers recognise ICT affordances and activate them in pedagogical practices, these acts of recognition do not constitute them. Affordances are powers and potentials in the technology, and exist whether or not they are recognised and actualised by a teacher. On this understanding, we put forward a typology of ICT affordances that can be read in contrasting directions. First, it models a hierarchy of technological potentials, sourced initially in the capability of tools themselves, which afford a succession of action possibilities for teachers, from technological literacy, to the representation and recontextualisation of knowledge, to pedagogical engagement with learners. Second, it reveals how recognition of these affordances by teachers is manifest in pedagogical decision-making in the ongoing knowledge construction that characterises classroom activities. Our consolidation of the model is described, as we have developed it in the course of our own research work.
Placing inclusive education in coversation with digital education
Authors: Carrim Nazir , Bekker Tanya
Published: December 2022

This article places inclusive education in conversation with digital education, and it does so for two reasons. The first reason is that the increased use of digital education will need to be inclusive and should not result in increasing inequalities. The second reason is that the experience within inclusive education provides valuable insights which could benefit the development of digital education. This article is conceptually based, and its aim is to show how experiences in inclusive education could benefit the development of digital education and vice versa. It argues that like inclusive education, the increased use of digital education in the future will require a redefinition and revisioning of education. While policies and legislation as well as training in digital education are important, this article recommends that digital education will need to engage with the deep-seated values, beliefs and assumptions held by teachers, students, parents, and society at large, and will require careful attention being paid to the systematic organisation of online learning in terms of curriculum, pedagogy, and assessment just as inclusive education.
A qualitative investigation of student experience in a gamified course at the Open University of Mauritius
Authors: Doomun Rubeena , Van Greunen Darelle
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a paradigm shift from traditional on-campus presence learning to online learning. While the transition to digital education and online learning has been embraced worldwide, the biggest challenge remains the lack of motivation and engagement of the online student. Gamification is the use of game design elements in non-game contexts and in an online learning context; it is an innovative strategy to encourage motivation and engagement. This study shows the findings of qualitative research that aims to examine students’ experience in an online gamified course. The gamified online course, Music and Movement, was offered to Bachelor in Education (Honours) Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) students at the Open University of Mauritius in the semester August to December 2021. The course was redesigned using a gamification theoretical framework called D6. Out of 46 ECEC students, 15 volunteered to further contribute through semi-structured interviews. The collected data was transcribed and analysed using open coding. The findings reveal that the perception and experience of students about the gamified online course can be categorised into five main themes, namely gamified course elements, general feelings and experience of students, personality of the tutor, traits of the students and collaborative work.
Educator perspectives on the use of technology in schools in previously disadvantaged communities
Authors: Chomunorwa Silence , Mashonganyika Emely S , Marevesa Andrew
Published: December 2022

Technology plays a crucial role in education and many other sectors of the economy. The national lockdown caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has made apparent the importance of technology in education, with schools that adopted technologies continuing with teaching and learning using remote means, while other schools had to wait for physical classes to resume. The benefits of technology can only be realized if technology is adopted and accepted by the users. Educators are the key players in the success or failure of technology in education.  We used an interpretivist approach to explore educator perceptions on the use of technology in South African public schools. The Motivation-Opportunity-Ability model guided the development of our data collection instruments and data analysis. Purposive sampling was used to select a public high school in an underprivileged Cape Flats community. Participants were randomly selected from the school and focus group discussions and interviews were conducted. A survey was administered to triangulate qualitative data. Results show that educators are interested in using user-friendly and effective technology.  This paper comes as part of a broad study on technology in education.
Investigating the use of mobile communication technology in professional development: a connectivist approach
Authors: Mutanga Patrick , Molotsi Abueng
Published: December 2022

In most universities in Zimbabwe, the educators do not possess professional teaching qualifications. Most educators resist institutional interventions aimed at equipping them with appropriate pedagogical skills due to the rigidity of intervention programmes. The advent of mobile communication technology brought various social media platforms that enhance communication. This study was aimed at investigating the experiences of university educators during the use of WhatsApp Messenger to learn about inquiry-based pedagogy as a professional development course. Nine university educators who had no prior training in pedagogy were purposely selected from three Zimbabwean universities. Semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion were conducted to gather empirical data. The connectivism theoretical framework was used to understand the phenomenon under study. A thematic network analysis was deemed suitable for this study. The findings showed that by learning about inquiry-based pedagogy (IBP) on the WhatsApp Messenger platform, the university educators managed to transform their professional identities as well as improve their pedagogical practices. It may be concluded that WhatsApp Messenger offers a conducive platform for educators’ professional development. It is recommended that universities use WhatsApp Messenger for professional development through online communities of practice.
Self-directed learning in primary schools in Limpopo province
Authors: Makokotlela Matlala
Published: December 2022

Self-directed learning is an increasingly important subject in education globally. The purpose of this study was to explore how primary school teachers in Limpopo Province support learners to develop and use self-directed learning in environmental education. A qualitative approach and interpretive paradigm were employed. Rhizomatic learning was used as an approach through which the study was explored because it concurs with self-directed learning that learning is intrinsic while the use of technology is key. Participants were purposively selected. Data were collected through interviews and participant observation. Data were transcribed, processed, and coded to build a theme; thematic analysis was therefore used. Results showed that there were two computers at the school, a free wireless network, and one teacher used Google to search for information. Challenges were that the teachers lacked the skills and knowledge to support learners to develop and use self-directed learning, and there was a shortage of educational technologies for the teachers and the learners. The paper communicated the conclusion and recommendation.
Theorising sociomateriality in online learning: cutting through the complexity
Authors: Garbutt Malcolm , Van den Berg Carolien
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified the need to develop theory and practice in digital education. In this position paper, we expand on the research conducted in information systems (IS) on sociomateriality by applying it to online learning. The aim was to provide a theoretical underpinning for guidelines to reduce the complexity of social and material combinations in digital education. An overview of sociomateriality within IS research is provided, distinguishing between two sociomaterial perspectives to situate the research. A high-level review of student learning as the social and online learning as the material is applied to a four-quadrant model to unbundle the complexities within this space. Our perspectives are supported by feedback from a third-year information systems course that confirmed the merit of the model and broadened research in online learning. The model is further refined with a philosophical underpinning of Ackoff's four pursuits of humankind to provide recommendations for future interventions.
Identifying academically vulnerable learners in first-year science programmes at a South African higher-education institution
Authors: Ajoodha Ritesh
Published: December 2022

The Admission Point Score (APS) is used by most South African universities to identify a university programme in which a learner is likely to succeed. While the APS appears helpful to gauge the aptitude of a learner and predict their success, the reality is that between 2008 and 2015 almost 50% of learners who made the required APS for a Science programme failed to complete the requirements for that programme. This paper delineates and diagnoses learner vulnerability, using a learner attrition model, for early intervention and as an alternative to using the APS. The analysis shows that various predictive models achieve higher accuracy to predict learner vulnerability, by incorporating factors of the learner attrition model, rather than just using the APS score. This paper argues for a more complex view of predicting learner vulnerability for early interventions by incorporating the learner's background, individual characteristics, and schooling data. It does not agree with the aggregation of National Senior Certificate (NSC) subjects into APS scores since this normalises the complexity of the subtle relations between the schooling system, learner attrition, and pre-schooling pedagogical dynamics. This paper points to a more nuanced view of predicting learner vulnerability.
International Trade and Economic Growth: A Cointegration Analysis for Botswana
Authors: Kahaka Zibanani , Khumoetsile Witness
Published: December 2022

This paper assesses the cointegrating relationship between international trade and economic growth in Botswana from the period of 2011 to 2020 using quarterly time series data. The data was checked for stationarity using the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and found to be integrated at the same level or order. Johansen Cointegration approach and VECM technique were employed to assess long run and short-run relationship. Long run relationship estimation result shows positive and significant relationship between trade openness, trade balance with GDP in the long run while inflation and custom duties were negatively related to GDP. Short-run relationship estimation result shows a positive and significant relationship between trade openness and inflation while trade balances have no effect on the GDP and custom duties were negative related to Gross Domestic Product. The speed of adjustment term was also found to be statistically significant with a negative sign. Basing on above results there is dynamic relationship between international trade and economic growth.
The Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Mononeuropathies
Authors: BÜYÜKSURAL Ayşe Begüm , FİDANCI Halit , BUTURAK Şencan , ÖZTÜRK İlker , YILDIZ Mehmet , FİDANCI İzzet , ARLIER Zülfikar
Published: December 2022

Aim: The study aimed to find out whether there is a relationship between the mononeuropathies of the median, ulnar, radial, peroneal, and sciatic nerves and body mass index (BMI).
Material and Methods: Patients whose clinical and electrodiagnostic findings were compatible with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE), radial neuropathy at the spiral groove (RNS), peroneal neuropathy at the fibular head (PNFH), and sciatic injury due to intramuscular injection (SNIII) were included in this retrospective cohort study. In addition, controls whose clinical and electrodiagnostic features were not compatible with mononeuropathy were included in the study. The BMI values of all participants were analyzed.
Results: One hundred thirty-one CTS patients, 53 UNE patients, 6 RNS patients, 25 PNFH patients, 72 SNIII patients, and 53 controls were included in the study. The BMI of CTS patients was higher than the BMI of controls (p<0.001), PNFH patients (p<0.001), and SNIII patients (p<0.001). The BMI of SNIII patients was lower than the BMI of controls (p<0.001), CTS patients (p<0.001), and UNE patients (p<0.001). The BMI of PNFH patients was lower than that of CTS patients (p<0.001) and UNE patients (p=0.004). No significant correlation was found between BMI values and electrodiagnostic classification of mononeuropathies in the groups.
Conclusion: This study showed that high BMI is a risk factor for CTS and low BMI is a risk factor for SNIII. There may also be a relationship between BMI and PNFH, but this should be confirmed by further studies.