bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAGEMENT OF PINK BOLLWORM WITH MATING DISRUPTION TECHNIQUE IN SMALLAR PLOTS OF COTTON
Authors: Atta Waseem
Published: January 2023

Pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella is the most damaging pest of cotton irrespective of Bt and non Bt. The damage of the Pink bollworm has increased in Pakistan since 2015 to till now. The main purpose to conduct this study was the evaluation of mating Disruptor’s efficiency against Pink bollworm in smaller plots of cotton. This experiment was conducted at farmer’s field at Bomb more Jalalpur pirwala district Multan on cotton season 2018. The PB-ropes were installed in 1st treatment at the rate of 150 ropes/ acre while the PB-ropes were applied in the 2nd treatment at the rate of 200 ropes/acre and the third treatment was kept as control. The gossyplure baited traps were installed in the cotton at flowering stage in 1st week of August The gossyplure baited traps were installed in the cotton field to monitor the activity of Pink bollworm moth catches in both treatments and control block. It was also observed that the mating disruption efficacy of PB-Ropes remained up to three months. The significant decrease of % damage in green bolls was observed in the plot treated with PB-Ropes @ 200 ropes/ acre (4.73±0.57b) following 150 ropes treated plot (4.73±0.57 b) as compared to control block (31.04±2.42a). The number of moth catches was reduced in the plot treated with PB-Ropes @ 200 ropes /acre(3.40±0.34b) following 150 ropes treated plot (4.64 ± 0.37b) as compared to control block(40.47 ± 1.67a) .The results were further confirmed by % infestation in leftover bolls of the plot treated with PB-Ropes @ 200 ropes / acre (14.00 ± 0.57 b) following plot treated with PBRopes @ 150 ropes / acre (20.33 ± 0.88 b) as compared to control plot (63.00 ± 2.08 a).
DEVELOPMENT OF QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA) SUPPLEMENTED COOKIES
Authors: Daraz Omer
Published: January 2023

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) a pseudo cereal belongs to family “Chenopodiaceae” containing a good quantity of essential micronutrients especially calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc etc. along with basic nutrients. Quinoa seeds are not true grains and not considered as fruit so they are considered as pseudo-cereal as well as pseudo oil seeds. The reason behind the calling pseudo oil seed is that quinoa has well and balance quantity and quality of fats and proteins. The present study was designed to develop quinoa supplemented cookies by using quinoa flour to overcome the threat of malnutrition. For this, quinoa flour was produced through milling process and analyzed for nutritional profile. Afterwards quinoa supplemented cookies were developed by using 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% quinoa flour. Then physico-chemical as well as organoleptic properties of these quinoa supplemented cookies were assessed. Physicochemical results indicated that spread factor ratio and moisture were ranged from 10.74-9.51 and 2.5-3%, respectively due to variation in concentration on quinoa. Similarly, protein and fat contents were significantly increased with elevation in concentration of quinoa. Organoleptic evaluation indicated that quinoa supplementation up to 20% was acceptable by the consumer.
GENETIC VARIABILITY AMONG MAIZE GENOTYPES FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS UNDER AUTUMN CROP SEASON OF MULTAN
Authors: Zaman Naveed , Tahir M. Hammad Nadeem , Arshad Sarmad Frogh , Shehzad M. Asif
Published: January 2023

The present research was conducted at the research area of the MNS-University of agriculture Multan Pakistan during kharif 2018, to determine the genetic variability for yield related traits of twenty-five maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids collected from International Maize and Wheat Improvement center (CIMMYT). The study was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications. Significantly variability (P≤0.01) among the hybrids were found for all yield related traits. Mean values for plant height were ranged from 82.61 to 223.72 (cm), ear height from 23.6 to 98.5 (cm), ear length from 9.8 to 21.8 (cm), number of ears from 1.005 to 1.85, cob weight from 67.63 to 179.3 (g), kernels per cob from 198.1 to 574.2, kernel rows per cob from 10 to 15.54, kernels per row 18.520 to 38.950, 100 grains weight from 18.3 to 34.4 (g) and grain yield per plant from 44.32 to 149.40 (g). Highest estimate of genotypic (GCV) along with phenotypic (PCV) coefficient of variations was recorded for ear height 43.07 45.13 %, plant height 30.20 and 33.23%, grain yield per plant 31.75 and 33.54 %, cob weight 27.46 and 29.34% and kernels per cob 24.13 and 25.13% respectively. Hybrid CZH132151 and CZH132150 performed better for yield related traits. All traits were significantly correlated with each other except number of ears per plant which was non-significantly correlated with most of the traits. The positive correlations suggest that the desired characters in these hybrids can be improved simultaneously in further maize breeding programs. Predicted on the results of current study, maize hybrid CZH132151 and CZH132150 could be suggested for commercial cultivation for the agro climatic condition of Multan.
IMPACT OF VIRAL OUTBREAK COVID-19 ON FOOD SECURITY AND RELATED ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Khawar Sharjeel , Raheel Suleman  , Saeed Akhtar  , Muhammad Riaz  , Tariq Ismail  , Amir Ismail  , Aneela Hameed
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Globally, both in developing and developed countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a loss of income, many people ran out of livelihood, a change in the food environment occurred, social inequalities formed, country’s economy declined, food prices increased, which in return affected the food security and nutrition of the affected countries badly. COVID-19 impacted food security by causing a disturbance in food supply chains, global economic decline, and income losses. It also broadened social inequalities, caused disturbance to social protection programs, transformed the food environs, and increased the localized food expenses. The consequences of COVID-19 on food security include trade restrictions, hunger, unemployment, maternal and child health, and household food insecurity. Thus, to overcome the negative effects on COVID-19 or any other future crisis, every country needs to improve its food system and should achieve sustainable millennium goals.
CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF BACTERIAL ENDOPHYTES OF RICE AGAINST FUSARIUM MONILIFORME AND RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI
Authors: Akhter Adnan , Waqas Bin Nisar  , Muhammad Taqqi Abbas  , Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan  , Khurshid Muhammad , Tehmina Anjum  , Aqib Saeed
Published: January 2023

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple food crop of Pakistan as well as in the whole world. A number of phyto-pathogens including bacteria, fungi, nematodes and viruses along with abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, nutrient deficiency and etc. have a detrimental effect on rice yield. In order to overcome the attack of pathogenic microbes, use of endophytes as bio-control agent is an attractive way to minimize the use of toxic agrochemicals. In this study, we screened seven strains of bacterial endophytes from the rhizosphere of rice plants. A colony PCR was performed using universal primers to characterize the isolated bacterial endophytes followed by sequence analysis. On the basis of molecular characterization, endophytes were identified as Pantoea sp., Burkholderiasp Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas flourescens, Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Delftia sp., and Acinetobacter baumnii. Additionally, endophytes were assayed for In vitro effects against Fusarium moniliforme and Rhizoctonia solani causing bakanae and sheath blight disease of rice, respectively. Pantoea sp., Burkholderia sp., Bacillus megaterium and Delftiasp moderately suppressed Fusarium moniliforme but Pseudomonas flourescens, Lysinibacillus fusiformis both showcased a strong inhibiting activity against Fusarium moniliforme. On the other hand, Pantoea sp., Burkholderia sp., Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas flourescens and Lysinibacillus fusiformis had a strong inhibitory effect against Rhizoctonia solani. The isolated endophytic bacteria were also found to be good producers of phyto-hormones such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and catalase. On the basis of our results, we conclude that the endophytic bacteria from rice rhizosphere possess antifungal activity against economic important pathogenic fungi.
Acute Exacerbation of COPD in the Elderly with Chronic Hypertension, Suspected Meniere's Disease and History of Active Smoking
Authors: Kurniawan Erwin , Alamsyah Arief , Mustika Dewi , Listya Anggraeni Endah
Published: January 2023

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a clinical symptom consisting of a group of chronic, progressive, and ongoing respiratory conditions. Meniere's Disease (MD) is a disorder of the inner ear characterized by hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Objective: Cases of COPD and MD in the elderly. Case: A 72-year-old man came to the primary clinic with the main symptoms of acute shortness of breath and vertigo. On physical examination there was an increase in the respiratory rate and wheezing in both lung fields and on the chest X-ray there was empphysematous lung. Neurological examination revealed hearing and balance problems. The patient was diagnosed with COPD and MD, with a history of active smoking for 30 years, and did not regularly visit the hospital. In this case, comprehensive interventions were carried out including Patient Centered, Family Focused, and Community Oriented. Conclusion: COPD and MD are chronic diseases that can cause acute symptoms and can recur, so that if they occur in the elderly it can reduce quality of life and mortality. Comprehensive intervention is needed to prevent the recurrence of dyspnea, vertigo, and complications.
Regulation of The Use of Gadgets During the Covid-19 Pandemic is Needed to Prevent Emotional Problems in Children
Authors: Firdhani Nabila Puteri Lintang , Ariani Ariani , Dwi Novita Hera
Published: January 2023

Background: The number of children's use of gadgets during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased due to the quarantine policy by the government so it has an impact on children's emotional problems. Objective: To determine the relationship between the use of gadgets during the COVID-19 pandemic on children's emotional problems based on the duration of use and ownership of gadgets. Methods: This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional method. The research instrument used an online questionnaire. The sampling method used is simple random sampling. The independent variable is the duration of gadget use and gadget ownership, while the dependent variable is the child's emotional problem. The duration of gadget use is categorized into less than 2 hours and more than 2 hours per day. Ownership of gadgets is categorized as self-owned or not. Emotional problems were categorized by severity (none, mild, severe). Data analysis with Mann-Whitney test using SPSS 25. Results: The number of respondents was 116 children, 13 men (9,56%), and 123 women (91,44%), aged 6-12 years 13 people (9,56%) and 13-18 years old 123 people (91,44%), have their own gadget 2 people (1,5%) and do not have a gadget 134 people (98,5%), the duration of using gadgets is less than 2 hours per day 28 people (20,6%) and more than 2 hours per day 108 people (79,4%). Based on the Mann-Whitney test, there is a relationship between the duration of using gadgets and the level of children's emotional problems (p = 0,017), while gadget ownership is not associated with children's emotional problems (p = 0,431). Conclusion: Regulation is needed to limit the duration of gadget use during the COVID-19 pandemic to prevent children's emotional problems.
The Comparison of Quality of Life in Scabies Patients Treated with 5% Permethrin Lotion and 10% Mimba Leaf Extract Lotion at Pondok Pesantren Malang
Authors: Melina Fauziyyah Rizka , Widasmara Dhelya , Dasa Novita Khuznita
Published: January 2023

Background: Scabies is a contagious disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei characterized by itching and lesions that affect quality of human life. Permethrin 5% as standard therapy for scabies has disadvantages in terms of price and side effects. Neem is a traditional plant that has a scabicide effect and could be an alternative treatment for scabies. Objective: to compare the quality of life of patients who were treated with 5% permethrin lotion and 10% neem leaf extract lotion using DLQI and Skindex-29 instruments. Methods: This study is an experimental design with a purposive sampling method. The sample was 42 male students in one of the Islamic boarding schools in Malang who were clinically diagnosed with scabies and met the research criteria. The research sample consisted of two groups: a group with 5% permethrin lotion therapy (21 students) and a group with 10% neem leaf extract lotion therapy (21 students). Data was collected with DLQI and Skindex-29 on day 0 before and day 14 after therapy. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test and dependent t-test for comparison before and after therapy and independent t-test for comparison of quality of life between two therapies by using SPSS 25. Results: Statistic test to differentiate the two therapies showed p=0.670 (DLQI) and p=0.391 (Skindex-29). So, the two therapies did not differ significantly in reducing DLQI and Skindex-29 scores. Conclusion: 5% permethrin lotion and 10% neem leaf extract lotion are equally good in improving the quality of life of scabies patients.
The Influence of Knowledge and Behavior of Student's Personal Listening Devices Usage On The Speech Frequency Hearing Threshold In Online Learning During The Pandemic Period
Authors: Rafidah Rif'ah , Dasa Novita Khuznita , Bharasaba Thareq
Published: January 2023

In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, activities have changed to be online, which increased the use of technology, one of which was audiovisual. Most users use personal listening devices (PLDs) such as earphones, headphones, and so on to make it easier to listen to conversations, study, entertainment, and many more. Although there are many benefits to using PLDs, these devices also indirectly hurt hearing. WHO estimates there will be a certain degree of increased hearing loss due to exposure to loud noises. This study aims to determine the effect of students' knowledge, and behavior in PLDs usage on the speech frequency hearing threshold. It was observational-analytic research by filling out online questionnaires for students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya. We selected the samples by consecutive sampling and selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then bivariate analysis was carried out with the chi-square test. The variables measured were the level of knowledge, the level of behavior in PLDs usage, and the speech frequency hearing threshold level. The results showed no relationship between knowledge and behavior to the speech frequency hearing threshold (p-value>0.05). The conclusion was that increased PLDs usage during the pandemic could increase hearing loss risk. Routine hearing screening is needed to prevent hearing loss among students.
Family Medicine Approach to Allergic Rhinitis with Biopsychosocial Triggers
Authors: Gabrielle Wibowo Jeanne , Dasa Novita Khuznita
Published: January 2023

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic response that causes varied symptoms in the nose by exposure to allergens. A patient with a family history of atopy has a higher risk of AR. Various trigger factors can trigger the allergic response. Symptoms disturb daily life activity, decrease productivity, and cause many complications if left untreated. This case was found in primary health care in Malang city. Complete history-taking was done to identify the risk factors, and then some home visit was done to identify the trigger factors. The patient was a woman with a history of atopy. Trigger factors found came from the environment, but there is a possibility that the trigger factor is psychological pressure. This case report will discuss the role of family medicine and its application in allergic rhinitis. Comprehensive and holistic management is needed because of the complex relationship between biopsychosocial factors with AR.
Acute Suppurative Otitis Media in Children with Risk Factors of Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infection, Non-Exclusive Breastfeeding, and Working Mothers
Authors: Amaliyah Putri Rizky , Hidayati Nurul
Published: January 2023

Background: Many factors influence Children's health, including the mother's employment status and exclusive breastfeeding. Purpose: To present cases of children with ASOM (Acute Suppurative Otitis Media) with risk factors for recurrent Acute Respiratory Tract Infection, not getting exclusive breastfeeding and working mothers. Case: A boy aged one year and four months came with his mother to the family doctor's clinic with complaints of discharge from his right ear. This fluid has been coming out of the right ear since seven days ago and does not smell. Previously the patient had a cold that often recurred. The patient only gets exclusive breastfeeding for two months, and the mother is busy working. On examination, there was a central perforation of the tympanic membrane of the right ear. The patient was treated with antibiotics and decongestants, then turned to an ENT specialist. After a home visit at two weeks of therapy, the tympanic membrane was closed. Conclusion: The importance of controlling risk factors to prevent recurring ASOM.
Elderly Male with Ulcus and Diaper Rash Caused by Post-Stroke Immobilization with Hereditary Risk Factors, Uncontrolled Hypertension, Unstable Emotions, and Sleeping Difficulty
Authors: Asti Sheila Permata Angelina , Nur Rakhmani Alidha
Published: January 2023

Stroke is the most common cause of death and the third leading cause of disability globally. The incidence is increasing and causing various problems including disease complications, high health costs, and low quality of life. This case report discusses the diagnosis and management as a whole using a family medicine approach to the elderly who experience post-stroke immobilization and its complications.
AI-SUPPORTED NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT — CAPABILITIES AND RESEARCH AGENDA
Authors:   Wilhelm Büchner Hochschule Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany, Nuhn Helge , Oswald Alfred ,   IFST – Institute for Social Technologies GmbH, Germany, Flore Agnetha ,   Center for Digital Innovations Lower Saxony (ZDIN), Germany, Lang Rüdiger ,   Consileon Business Consultancy, Karlsruhe, Germany
Published: January 2023

AI-based natural language processing (NLP) models show remarkable performance in tasks like question answering or text generation in general. We argue that recent NLP-AI models will play a major role in the transformation of our societies, an endeavor mainly shaped by projects, project managers and project teams. We present the results of an experiment, in which we fed state-of-the-art NLP models like GPT-3 project management-related questions and had an expert team rate the maturity of the answers. Results indicate that the size of the model and the text corpora seem to make substantial difference to the performance. The best model seems to be able to answer most project management-related questions convincingly to the judgement of the expert panel. Attempts to train a model without extensive training data preparation resulted in poorer results. A research agenda is derived and presented.
THE IMPACT OF THE RELATIONAL CHARTER ON THE PROJECT PRINCIPAL–AGENT RELATIONSHIP
Authors:   Department of Engineering and Technology Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Espach Jonathan , Bekker Michiel ,   Department of Engineering and Technology Management, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to identify variables that define the agency relationship and the relational charter, and the likelihood of the relational charter affecting the agency relationship. However, the link between the two constructs remains unclear. The results from the literature identified the variables that define the agency relationship and the relational charter. Results from a survey of 93 South African project engineers and project managers to demonstrate the impact of the relational charter on the agency relationship. As opposed to literature this research found that the relational charter does not affect the agency relationship positively in all aspects. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to examine the influence of the relational charter on the agency relationship. This unique approach highlights the relational variables that influence agency variables, which should benefit both researchers and practitioners. The findings also revealed that most of the respondents lack an understanding of relational contracting. It is expected that the results of this study will provide project practitioners and other researchers with insight into the factors that impact the agency relationship and relational charter and suggest ways to improve the agency relationship.
NEED FOR HOLISTIC APPLICATION OF COGNITIVE READINESS FOR PROJECT VALUE CREATION: COMPLETE LEADERSHIP FOR PROJECT TEAM SUCCESS
Authors:   Winston Strategic Management Consulting, Idaho Falls, Idaho, Winston Rebecca , Di Filippo Ivano ,   Italian Institute of Project Management (ISIPM), Roma, Italy, Martínez Almela Jesús ,   Bioagroprojects Biotech, Villareal, Spain
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this paper is to set forth a research plan and call for volunteers to engage in the research, initiated in the Research Conference of 2021, on an important issue impacting projects and programs, but more importantly society [4]. Given the proliferation of articles, publications, surveys, and other communication modes about stressing one character expression of a capability or skill of the three intelligences over other character expressions of the myriad of capabilities and skills that comprise cognitive readiness, one needs to understand the impact of such communications. The focus on one expression such as empathy or passion can leave a team not understanding the objectives, necessary team interactions, and other aspects of team leadership and management necessary for delivery of outputs and benefits for the organization, the market and society. Understanding the impact of this focus on areas of team interactions; team development, including both personal and professional; performance and resilience of teams during times of crisis and disruption; and various personnel decisions will be vital to directing training, course development, team communications, and other personnel interactions
Calcium-regulating hormonal system in cardiac functional activity
Authors: Harutyunyan K.R. , Melkumyan K.V. , Abrahamyam H.T. , Adamyan S.H. , Khudaverdyan D.H. , Ter-Markosyan A.S.
Published: January 2023

The variance of calcium homeostasis is known as a risk factor for the development of heart failure. A study of calcium-regulating hormones is a crucial element to understand underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of heart failure. Pro-inflammatory factors, released during mechanical, hypoxic or bacterial damage of myocardial cells, lead to an imbalance of calcium and disrupt to heart function. The investigation of mentioned factors influence mechanism on the heart, is an urgent solution for preventing the development of heart failure.
Present study aimed to reveal the role of calcium-regulating hormones in heart functional activity and their possible involvement in the development of heart failure. The pharmacological analysis of the action mechanism of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on heart functional activity was carried out using a calcium channel blocker.
The concentrations of calcium-regulating hormones in blood serum in patients suffering from heart failure was determined by immunoassay enzyme method, and ionized calcium and inorganic phosphate concentrations - by spectrophotometric method. The photoelectrical method was used to determine the direct effect of calcium-regulating hormones and possible calcium-dependent action mechanism of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on the isolated frog’s heart.
Clinical findings show that chronic heart failure is accompanied by shifts in the calcium-regulating hormonal system and blood electrolyte balance. In vitro experiments on isolated frog hearts have shown the potentiating effect of parathyroid hormone, its related protein, calcitonin, and vitamin D3 on myocardial contractility. It has been shown, that bacterial lipopolysaccharides suppress the contractile and rhythmogenic functions of the myocardium, and their action can be mediated through a calcium-dependent mechanism.
The increase of parathyroid hormone in chronic heart failure has a protective significance aimed at maintaining the contractile ability of a weakened myocardium and preserving cardiac output. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides are able to suppress functional activity of the heart by calcium-dependent mechanism.
Features of abdominal surgery in combat injuries, our experience
Authors: Minasyan A.H. , Minasyan H.L. , Arazyan D.R. , Aleksanyan A.B. , Harutunyan E.A.
Published: January 2023

The research was carried out in the hospital of the qualified surgical aid stage, where the patients were transferred immediately after receiving first aid from the battlefield. Immediately after admission, all the patients were examined by triage specialists, respiratory and hemodynamic indicators were evaluated according to accepted standards. Most of the injuries were combined polytraumas with severe hemorrhagic shock. All the injured patients were urgently operated. In first group patients who had isolated injuries or combined injuries, but relatively stable hemodynamic parameters, a volume of interventions was performed, which does not require relaparotomy (definitive surgery). Second group patients had combined severe injuries; hemodynamic indicators were unstable. The surgical approach was in accordance with the principle of “damage control”.
The organization of work in the mentioned way made it possible to provide qualified medical care without interruption and on time, depending on the flow intensity of patients and the volume of available resources. For the next stages of medical evacuation, the strategy we chose was understandable, due to which it was possible to avoid additional double surgical aggression in case of first group patients, only by applying the “relaparotomy on demand” principle. In case of second group patients, in some cases, it was possible to postpone the “programmed relaparotomy” and to carry it out in more favorable conditions for the patient. In all cases, when providing qualified surgical care, it should always be taken into account that the intervention performed in this stage should be predictable for the surgeons working at next stage, that is they should understand what principle we have applied, so that they can continue the treatment with the same principle.
Plant-Based Treatment of Helminths in Calves
Authors: OYERONKE ADENIKE ADEKOLA  , AKINWALE DAMI OLABIMISI  , GBOLAGADE BENJAMIN ADESIJI  , SOLA EMMANUEL KOMOLAFE
Published: January 2023

This study examines the indigenous plant practices for the treatment of helminths in cattle among settled agro-pastoralist in Ogun and Oyo State, Nigeria. The study was a pretest-posttest design. Three sets of helminth-infected cattle were each exposed to herbal treatment (Indigenous plant concoction (Group A, n=6), alverticine drug (convectional helminthic drug (Group B, n=6) orally for 1-14 days while the control group (Group C, n=6) were untreated. Faecal egg count was obtained using the Modified Mac Master and saturated salt solution technique and data were analyzed using ANOVA for repeated measures. The significant effect of treatment on FEC count across the four days of treatment (p < 0.05) as the FEC count significantly decline across from day 1 - 4 for both the herbal than the conventional treatment groups while the control group remains chronically infected with the helminths till 12th week. FEC count significantly decline faster for convectional drug group (FEC count cleared on 2nd day) compared to the herbal group (FEC count cleared on 4th day) (p < 0.05). Cows exposed to herbal drug significantly (90.36±4.780) had better weight gain than those exposed to conventional treatment (85.65±7.405) while there was significant weight loss observed in the control group (76.68 ±6.435) at the 12th week. The study concludes that herbal concoctions based traditional knowledge of medicinal plants were efficacious in the treatment of helminths infestation. It is therefore recommended that regular control measure should be practiced and agro-pastoralist needed to be educated in proper usage of anti-helminths drugs and its administration.
Effect of High Dose (200mg/Kg) of ZnTe (Zinc Telluride) on Serology of Male Albino Mice (Mus Musculus)
Authors: SAIRA BANO  , AHMAD ALI  , SHEIKH MUHAMMAD AZAM  , MATEEN TAHIR  , ZEENAT ZAFAR  , KHUZEEMA TANVEER  , MUHAMMAD FAIZAN  , SHOAIB HASSAN
Published: January 2023

For this experiment, oral suspension of ZnTe was given to male albino mice for fifteen days. Two groups were devised as Treated and Control. Each group consisting of three treatment organisms. It is observed that the level of cholesterol, Triglycerides, and protein increased significantly (p = 0.21, 0.37, and 0.18 respectively) in treated animals as compared to control group. Moreover, the level of Albumin increased non-significantly (p = 0.75) in treated animals as compared to control group. Results of the study also showed significantly increase in level of Globulin and SGPT (ALT) (p = 0.14, and 0.026) in treated animals in contrast to control group, while significantly decrease in creatinine (p = 0.026) in treated animals as compared to control group.
Some Records of Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from District Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
Authors: FARZANA AFSAR  , MUHAMMAD RAFIQUE KHAN  , ZAHID MAHMOOD SARWAR  , AHMAD ZIA  , QUDRAT ULLAH  , MUHAMMAD QASIM  , NAZEER AHMED  , SUMARA ASLAM  , MUHAMMAD ATHER RAFI  , MUHAMMAD KAMAL SHEIKH  , ADNAN SAMEI
Published: January 2023

In the present study 12 species belonging to 10 genera of three subfamilies namely; Formicinae, Myrmicinae and Ponerinae under family Formicidae are reported from district Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Among the recorded species, six species belonging to Formicinae, four in Myrmicinae, and two species in Ponerinae. All the 12 species are reported first time for district Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. however, only one species namely, Odontoponera transversa (Smith, 1857) of subfamily Ponerinae is new record from Pakistan.
Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous Kachhi Sheep Breed
Authors: SHAKEEL AHMED TUNIO  , MUHAMMAD NAEEM  , ATIQUE AHMED BEHAN  , ASMATULLAH KAKA  , HUMA RIZWANA  , NASIR RAJPUT  , NOOR UN NISA MARI
Published: January 2023

For the evaluation of the phenotypic and morphometric characteristics of Kachhi sheep, a total of 300 adult Kachhi sheep (female240 and male 60) were selected from different study areas (Hyderabad, Matiary, Mirpurkahs, Sanghar, Umerkot and Thaparkar) of Sindh province. Among all the study areas majority of male and female Kachhi sheep physically possessed plain white coat with black and brown (tan) color, compact body shape, coarse type wool, convex face profile, roman nose, small pendulous ears, sloppy rump, dark colored hooves, and small cylindrical tail, compact udder. Moreover, majority of male and female sheep were noted with wattles, remarkably few cases of female and male Kachhi sheep were detected with deviated Morphometric characters. Average live body weight and linear body measurements (chest girth, body length, height at withers, facial length, ear length, head width and tail length) of both sexes, at Matiary area were observed comparatively (P<0.05) higher, followed by Hyderabad, Sanghar, Mirpurkhas, Umerkot and Tharparkar vicinities of Sindh. However, statistical (P<0.05) differences were recorded in the morphometric traits between male and female Kachhi sheep among all the selected vicinities of Sindh province.
Field and Laboratory Studies on the Toxicity of Lambda-Cyhalothrin for Controlling Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria)
Authors: ZAHID SALEEM  , HUSSAIN ALI  , MUHAMMAD NAVEED  , MUHAMMAD ANWAR KHAN  , MUHAMMAD YOUNUS  , MUHAMMAD AFZAAL  , HABIB UR REHMAN
Published: January 2023

Desert locust has negative impact on world vegetation, severely affected Africa and Asia in 2020-21. The pest persists in both gregarious and solitary forms. In Pakistan, the majority of the nation experienced a desert locust attack in 2020. Seven to ten districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were seriously impacted. The study was carried out to test the efficacy of different concentrations of Lambda-cyhalothrin 2.5 EC against adult and hoppers/nymph in field and laboratory conditions. The applied concentration was 4%,3%, 2%, 1% and 0.5 % for adults in field and lab conditions, while 2%, 1.5%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.25% for nymph’s trials. Under field condition against adults all the applied concentrations were at par with each other except 0.5%, which showed significantly lower mortality rate (60%). A similar trend of toxicity was also recorded for the laboratory trials. More than 85% mortality was recorded in all treatment except 0.5%, which was 65%. Against hopper all concentration showed significant higher mortality (above 80%) except the nymphs sprayed with 0.25% concentration under field conditions. Similar results were also obtained for vitro trials against nymphal stage. It is concluded an average concentration (3%) should be applied for adult to avoid resistance and pest escape. For hoppers/nymph the recommended concentration should be 1%. Further studies should be carried out regarding the resistance to different types of insecticides under field and laboratory conditions.
Anaphors in Ikwuano Igbo: Binding Theory Approach
Authors: Uwasomba Blessing Ugochi
Published: January 2023

This work investigates Anaphors in Ikwuano Igbo. Anaphoric expressions are useful in the meaningful interpretations of NPs in a discourse. This study adopts the Binding Theory (BT) approach of GB syntax in examining anaphoric expressions in Igbo. Data for this work were elicited from native speakers of Ikwuano in Ikwuano area of Abia State, Nigeria. This paper was verified for cross-referencing purposes given the researcher’s native speaking intuition and introspection. This study investigates anaphors and antecedents and also demonstrates the concepts of C-command and binding, among others in Ikwuano Igbo. The work reveals that Ikwuano Igbo has two types of anaphors- the reflexive and the reciprocal anaphors. The study demonstrates that the binding theory investigates the syntactic relationship that can or must hold between a given proform and its antecedent. In this respect, anaphors (reflexive and reciprocal pronouns) behave very differently from personal pronouns.  The work demonstrates the concepts of binding, Co-indexation, Co-referentiality, locality constraint and C-constituent command to show dependency between the antecedents and the anaphors in Ikwuano Igbo. This paper also reveals that Ikwuano Igbo has anaphoric expressions that do not mark gender. The Binding Theory shows that the antecedent and the anaphor occur in the same governing category. Also it shows that a pronominal must be free in its governing category and an R-expression must be free everywhere in a sentence according to the regulating principles of the Theory. This paper reveals the descriptive nature of antecedent- anaphor relationship in the study of syntactic structures for grammaticality.
Notes on Oospila sporadata (Warren, 1906) and O. stagonata (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875) from French Guiana and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Authors: Viidalepp J. , Lindt A.
Published: January 2023

Oospila curvimargo Herbulot, 1991 is formally reinstated from synonymy with O. sporadata (Warren, 1906), and Oospila arycanda (Druce, 1892) is reinstated from synonymy with O. stagonata (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875) based on differences in their genitalia. Four new species are separated from Oospila stagonata based on differences in their male and female genitalia: Oospila elegia Lindt & Viidalepp, sp. n., Oospila furcata Lindt & Viidalepp, sp. n., Oospila truncata Lindt & Viidalepp, sp. n. and Oospila rogata Lindt & Viidalepp, sp. n. The adults and their male and female genitalia are illustrated.
Materials on the Lepidoptera fauna of “Ecoportal de Piedra” National Park (Jujuy Province, North-Western Argentina). Part I. Pterophoridae (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae)
Authors: Ustjuzhanin P. Ya. , Kovtunovich V. N. , Yakovlev R. V. , Streltzov A. N.
Published: January 2023

Basing on the materials from Russian entomological expedition to Jujuy Province, North-Western Argentina, the participants of which were working in Ecoportal de Piedra National Park, 22 Pterophoridae species have been revealed, two of which, Emmelina doroshkini Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich sp. n. and E. reshetnikovi Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich sp. n., turned to be new to Science. Six more species, Bipunctiphorus nigroapicalis (Landry & Gielis, 1992), Stenoptilodes brevipennis (Zeller, 1874), S. taprobanes (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875), Lioptilodes cuzcoicus Gielis, 1996, Adaina zephyria Barnes & Lindsey, 1921, and Hellinsia mauleicus (Gielis, 1991) have been indicated for Argentina for the first time, and eleven more species, Postplatyptilia flinti Gielis, 1991, Stenoptilodes sematodactyla (Berg, 1885), Lioptilodes aguilaicus Gielis, 1991, Oidaematophorus pseudotrachyphloeus Gielis, 2011, Singularia carabayus (Arenberger, 1990), Hellinsia angulofuscus (Gielis, 1991), H. chalupi Gielis, 2013, H. grandaevus (Meyrick, 1931), and H. tacanasensis Gielis, 2013 have been indicated for Jujuy Province for the first time. One species of the genus Singularia has not been identified on a unique female.
Coleophora donata Baldizzone, sp. n., a new species from Turkey. Contribution to the knowledge of the Coleophoridae CXLVII (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae)
Authors: Baldizzone G.
Published: January 2023

Coleophora donata Baldizzone, sp. n., a new species from Turkey belonging to the 18th group of the Toll system (1953), is described based on a pair of specimens found in the undetermined Coleophoridae material donated to the author by Günther Baisch.
Shifting from semi-domestic to indoor rearing Antheraea proylei Jolly, 1970 of oak gives good results in terms of all parameters of its life cycle (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
Authors: Mansotra D. K. , Joshi P. C.
Published: January 2023

The present study aims to evaluate the influence of controlled conditions of temperature and humidity on rearing and economic parameters of the Antheraea proylei Jolly, 1970. The experiments were carried out at Regional Tasar Research Station, Bhimtal (29º21’18”N 79º33’3”E) during the spring season of three years i. e. 2015-16, 2016-17 and 2017-18. In case of the control/indoor conditions the temperature and humidity were maintained at 25 ± 2ºC and 70-75% respectively, with a photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D) hrs., while the outdoor rearing was completely under natural conditions. It was found that the fecundity of a single female moth was 174.80 ± 7.22 under controlled conditions, whereas it was 148.33 ± 9.05 under natural conditions. The larvae showed significantly better growth and development under the controlled conditions resulting in improved economic traits as compared to outdoor/natural conditions. The larval weight showed significant positive correlation with most of the economic parameters, except total larval duration, peduncle length and silk conversion index. The contribution rates of the first 2 principal components were 65.45% and 18.22%. The study suggests that the rearing of Antheraea proylei if carried out in indoor/controlled conditions gives better results and reduces the cost of cocoon production.
To the fauna of Pterophoridae of Venezuela with description of two new species (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae)
Authors: Ustjuzhanin P. Ya. , Kovtunovich V. N. , Streltzov A. N.
Published: January 2023

The article describes two new Pterophoridae species from Venezuela: Postplatyptilia lastukhini Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich, sp. n. and Postplatyptilia stekolnikovi Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich, sp. n. Four species: Stenoptilodesbrevipennis (Zeller, 1874), Adaina costarica Gielis, 1992, Adaina desolata Arenberger & Bond, 1995 and Hellinsia devriesi (Landry & Gielis, 1992) are recorded for the fauna of Venezuela for the first time.
Keuntungan Usaha Ternak Babi Peternakan Rakyat di Kabupaten Alor
Authors: Lay Yuliana Panina , Krova Maria , Sogen Johanes G. , Keban Arnoldus
Published: January 2023

Suatu penelitian telah dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Alor selama 1 bulan untuk pengumpulan data. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pendapatan usaha ternak babi di Kabupaten Alor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey untuk memperoleh data primer dan data sekunder. Data tersebut diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung berdasarkan daftar pertanyaan yang telah disiapkan, observasi serta teknik dokumentasi pada dokumen laporan-laporan instansi terkait atau lembaga dan hasil-hasil penelitian maupun referensi lainnya yang ada hubungannya dengan penelitian ini. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yakni tahap pertama penentuan dua kecamatan contoh secara purposive, tahap kedua penentuan empat desa contoh dari tiap kecamatan terpilih secara purposive dan tahap ketiga penentuan peternak contoh sebanyak 80 responden secara acak non proporsional. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis pendapatan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pendapatan yang diperoleh tiap peternak babi di Kabupaten Alor adalah Rp10.289.675/tahun dimana 52% merupakan pendapatan tunai sedangkan 48% lainnya adalah pendapatan non tunai.
A study was conducted in Alor Regency data collection. The study aims to determine the income of pig farming in Alor Regency. The research method used is a survey method to obtain primary data and secondary data. The data was obtained through direct interviews based on questionnaire prepared, observations and documentation techniques on the reports of relevant agencies or institutions, research results and other references related to the study. Sampling was carried out in three stages. The first, determining two sample of sub-districts purposively; the second, determining four selected villages from each selected sub-district purposively and the third, determining the sample of breeders as many as 80 respondents by applying non-proportional random sampling. Data were then analyzed applying income analysis. The results show that the average income earned by each pig farmer in Alor Regency is Rp10,289,675/year where 52% is cash income and 48% is non cash income
Pengaruh Suplementasi Jenis Dedaunan Terfermentasi terhadap Kecernaan Serat Kasar dan Lemak Kasar terhadap Babi Fase Starter-Grower
Authors: Naimasus Gerson Andrimus , Nalley Wilmientje Marlene , Suaba Aryanta I Made
Published: January 2023

Tujuan dilaksanakan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui konsumsi dan kecernaan serat kasar dan lemak kasar dari ternak babi yang diberikann suplmentasi ransum dedaunan terfermentasi. Materi yang digunakan 12 ekor babi berumur antara 1-3 bulan dan dengan berat badan awal berkisar antara 5,35 sampai 14,55 kg (KV = 31,67%) dan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi R0: diet basal R1: diet basal ditambah 5% tepung daun singkong fermentasi, R2: diet basal ditambah 5% tepung daun ubi jalar fermentasi, dan R3: diet basal ditambah 5% tepung daun kelor fermentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan perlakuan berpengaruh tidak nyata (P<0,05) terhadap variabel yang diteliti. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ransum suplementasi jenis dedaunan terfermentasi pada ternak babi mampu meningkatkan kecernaan serat kasar dan lemak kasar, akan tetapi belum mampu meningkatkan konsumsi serat kasar dan lemak kasar.
The purpose of this study was to determine the intake and digestibility of crude fiber,and  crude fat,  of pigs fed fermented leafa ration supplementation. Material used were12 pigs aged between 1-3 months and with initial body weight ranging from 5.35 to 14.55 kg (KV = 31.67%) and Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments included R0: basal diet, R1: basal diet plus 5% fermented cassava leaf flour, R2: basal diet plus 5% fermented sweet potato leaf flour, and R3: basal diet plus 5% fermented moringa leaf flour. The results of this study showed no significant effect (P<0.05) on the variables studied. It was concluded that the supplementation of fermented foliage rations in pigs was able to increase the digestibility of crude fiber and crude fat, but had not been able to increase the intake of crude fiber and crude fat.
Pengaruh Pemberian Feses Sapi Terfermentasi terhadap Pertumbuhan Ayam Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan Betina Sebelum Pubertas
Authors: Tamonob Desna Eunike , Telupere Franky M.S , Theedens Jonas Frits
Published: January 2023

Suatu penelitian pada ayam kampung unggul balitbangtan bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari penggunaan kotoran sapi terfermentasi terhadap bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi ransum dan konvesi ransum. Penelitian ini menggunakan 64 ayam kampung unggul balitbangtan betina yang berumur 8 minggu. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan dimana tiap ualangan berisi 4 ekor ayam. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah R0: ransum komersial + 0% feses sapi terfermentasi (kontrol), r1: ransum komersial 90% + 10% feses sapi terfermentasi, r2: ransum komersial 80% + 20% feses sapi terfermentasi, r3: ransum komersial 70% + 30% feses sapi terfermentasi. Parameter yang diteliti adalah bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi ransum dan konversi ransum. Analisis Varians dan uji lanjut Duncan digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi dan konversi ransum. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah level substitusi feses sapi terfermentasi yang optimal bagi peningkatan pertumbuhan ayam kampung unggul balitbangtan betina fase pertumbuhan sebelum pubertas adalah 10%.
A study on Balitbangtan superior village chickens aims to determine the impact of the use of fermented cow feces on body weight, body weight gain, ration consumption and ration conversion. The study used 64 Balitbangtan superior female chickens aged 8 weeks. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications where each replication contained 4 chickens. The treatments tried were R0: commercial ration + 0% fermented cow feces (control), R1: 90% commercial ration + 10% fermented cow feces, R2: 80% commercial ration + 20% fermented cow feces, R3: 70% commercial ration + 30% fermented cow feces. The variables studied were body weight, body weight gain, ration consumption and ration conversion. Analysis of Variance and Duncan's Multiple Range Test were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect (P<0.05) on body weight gain, ration consumption and ration conversion. In summary, the optimal substitution level of fermented feces for increasing the growth of Balitbangtan superior native chickens before puberty is 10%.