bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A maximal theorem of Hardy-Littlewood type for pairwise i.i.d. and the law of large numbers
Authors: Nguyen Tuong Thi Mai , Pham Hung Le
Published: July 2021

Пусть $p\in [1,2)$. Мы покажем, что если $(X_n)_{n=1}^\infty$ - последовательность попарно независимых одинаково распределенных случайных величин с $\mathbf{E}|X_1|^p<\infty$, то
$$
\mathbf{P}[\sup_n|\frac{S_n}{n^{1/p}}|> \alpha]\le \frac{C_p \mathbf{E}|X_1|^p}{\alpha^p}\quadдля любого \alpha>0,
$$
где $C_p$ - некоторая константа, зависящая от $p$, и $S_n:=\sum_{i=1}^n(X_i-\mathbf{E}X_i)$. При доказательстве мы воспользовались следствием более общего утверждения, в котором требовалось только, чтобы последовательность $(X_n)$ была слабо коррелирована в смысле Рио. Мы докажем неравенство, дающее скорость сходимости $\lim_{n\to\infty}|S_n|/{n^{{1}/{p}}}=0$ п.н., и таким образом усилим основной результат [E. Rio, "Vitesses de convergence dans la loi forte pour des suites dépendantes", C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. 320:4 (1995), 469-474].
Предельные распределения числа вершин заданной степени конфигурационного графа с ограниченным числом ребер
Authors: Pavlov Yurii Leonidovich , Cheplyukova Irina Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2021

Рассмотрена модель конфигурационного графа с $N$ вершинами, в котором число ребер не превосходит $n$, а степени вершин являются независимыми одинаково распределенными случайными величинами. Распределение случайной величины $\xi$, равной степени любой вершины, удовлетворяет условию: при $k\to\infty$
$$
p_k=\mathbf{P}\{\xi=k\}\sim\frac{L}{k^g\ln^h k},
$$
где $L>0$, $g>1$, $h\ge0$. Доказаны предельные теоремы для числа вершин заданной степени при $N, n\to\infty$.
On relations for moments of the normal $k$-th record values and a characterization
Authors: Pawlas Piotr , Szynal Dominik
Published: July 2021

В статье приводятся явные выражения для моментов $k$-х рекордных величин нормального распределения, а также соотношения между
$r$-м моментом, $(r-2)$-м моментом и моментом произведения. Эти соотношения позволяют вычислить коэффициенты асимметрии и эксцесса рекордных величин и дать новую характеризацию нормального распределения.
An exponential inequality for $U$-statistics of i.i.d. data
Authors: Giraudo Davide
Published: July 2021

Устанавливается экспоненциальное неравенство для вырожденных $U$-статистик порядка $r$, основанных на н.о.р. данных. Это неравенство позволяет оценить хвост максимума абсолютной величины $U$-статистики суммой двух членов: экспоненциального и второго члена, содержащего хвост $h(X_1,…,X_n)$. Также предлагается вариант неравенства для необязательно вырожденной $U$-статистики с симметричным ядром. Рассмотрены приложения к оценке скорости сходимости в законе больших чисел Марцинкевича и принципу инвариантности в гeльдеровом пространстве.
О распределении времени окончательного ухода гауссовского процесса под медленно растущую линейную границу
Authors: Karagodin Nikita Alekseevich , Lifshits Mikhail Anatolievich
Published: July 2021

В статье доказывается предельная теорема о сходимости распределения нормированного времени окончательного ухода стационарного гауссовского процесса под медленно растущую линейную границу к двойному экспоненциальному распределению.
Die sprachliche Realisierung der Textsorte "politischer Appell" im Slowenischen
Authors: Bešter Marja
Published: July 2021

Die Texte, die den Korpus für die folgende sprachliche Analyse bilden, möchte ich zuerst in bezug auf vier Kriterien darstellen: a) in bezug auf den Kanal, b) auf Zeit und Ort der Entstehung, c) auf den Textverfasser bzw. Schreiber und d) auf das Zielpublikum.
Paradigmen und Textsorten lebensgeschichtlichen Erzählens
Authors: Šlibar Neva
Published: July 2021

Denn im Grunde, heißt es da, ist Jugendfreundschaft um so sonderbarer, je älter man wird. Man ändert sich im Laufe solcher Jahre vom Scheitel bis zur Sohle und von den Härchen der Haut bis ins Herz, aber das Verhältnis zueinander bleibt merkwürdigerweise das gleiche und ändert sich sowenig wie die Beziehungen, die jeder einzelne Mensch zu den verschiedenen Herren pflegt, die er der Reihe nach mit Ich anspricht. Es kommt ja nicht darauf an, ob man so empfindet wie der kleine Knabe mit dickem Kopf und blondem Haar, der einst photographiert worden ist; nein, man kann im Grunde nicht einmal sagen, daß man dieses kleine, alberne, ichige Scheusal gern hat.
Abenteuerliches und idyllisches Österreich. Topische Textmuster und Textsorten
Authors: Thonhauser-Jursnick Ingo
Published: July 2021

Im Zentrum des vorliegenden Beitrags steht die Darstellung eines Modells topischer Textmuster. In einem ersten Schritt werden Textmuster in Abgrenzung zu Textsorten, die als globalere Textmodelle gesehen werden, als kleinere, weniger komplexe Elemente sprachlichen Wissens bezeichnet, die von den Kommunikationsteilnehmerinnen in unterschiedlichsten zusammenhängen der Textproduktion und -rezeption gebraucht werden. Textmuster (Abb.l) bestehen aus konstanten und variablen Merkmalen: Konstant sind die Merkmale der Habitualität, der Potentialität/Intentionalität und der Symbolizität. Diesem Bereich zugeordnet werden Phänomene der Verwendungstraditionen (Bindung an Textsorten, funktionale Aspekte, Merkmale der Produktion und Rezeption) und der Textformulierungen (sprachliches Repertoire). Im Mittelpunkt des zweiten Teils steht als konkretes Beispiel das Textmuster des locus amoenus (Abb. 2 u. 3), dessen Wirksamkeit anhand eines Beispiels aktueller österreichischer Fremdenverkehrswerbung ("Tauplitz - Wo der Wildbach rauscht") demonstriert wird.
Textsorten in der interkulturellen Kummunikation - ein Problemaufriß
Authors: Heusinger Siegfried
Published: July 2021

Jede Textklassifikation folgt dem Ziel, die unendliche Vielfalt realer Texte in der kommunikativen Praxis auf überschaubare Grundtypen zu reduzieren. Dieses Ziel ist von wissenschaftlichem, aber auch von pädagogischem Interesse; denn das, was wir genau kennen bzw. zu kennen glauben, läßt sich in einen übergreifenden Zusammenhang einordnen, es läßt sich beschreiben und auch lehren. Die Textsortenforschung steht keineswegs am Anfang, so daß sie durchaus Ergebnisse vorweisen kann, die bereits Lehrgegenstand in den Schulen und Hochschulen sind. Die Deutsch-Schulbücher des Cornelsen-Verlags für Schüler an deutschen Gymnasien verwenden wie selbstverständlich den Begriff der Textsorte und beziehen ihn auf nichtliterarische Texte, z.B. auf "Glosse", "Reportage", "Kommentar". Offenbar ist der textlinguistische Terminus "Textsorte" bereits zum populärwissenschaftlichen Fachbegriff geworden und gehört heute auch zur Schulterminologie.
Zu einigen Aspekten einer Textsortenbeschreibung mit Bezug zum Begriff 'Prototyp'
Authors: Janz Christina
Published: July 2021

Anlaß für die folgenden Überlegungen ist die Suche nach einem theoretischen Zugang zur Beschreibung und Erklärung des Einflusses situativer Elemente auf die sprachliche Ausprägung von Merkmalen von Textsorten.
Typologische Aufgaben der historischen Textlinguistik
Authors: Warnke Ingo
Published: July 2021

Die gegenwärtige germanistische Historiolinguistik ist geprägt durch eine pragmatische Ausweitung ihres traditionell sprachstrukturellen Erkenntnisinteresses. Ausdruck dieser Entwicklung ist z.B. die gänzliche Neubearbeitung der Sprachgeschichte von P. von Polenz (1991 und 1994), die an Stelle der wiederholt neu aufgelegten und auf H. Sperber (1926) gründenden Geschichte der deutschen Sprache (von Polenz 1978) erschienen ist und insbesondere eine "sozial- und mediengeschichtliche Fundierung" (ebd., 3) anstrebt, wobei neben anderen Aspekten als Schwerpunkt der Darstellung explizi1t die Sprachpragmatik genannt wird (ebd.). Sind die konzeptionellen Ecksteine einer solchen pragmatischen Sprachgeschichtsschreibung auch schon Anfang der 1980er Jahre insbesondere mit H. Sitta (1980) und D. Cherubim (1984) gesetzt, so verstärkt sich das sprachhandlungsbezogene Interesse an der Geschichte des Deutschen erst in jüngster Zeit. Die Entwicklung läuft dabei parallel zur Konstituierung eines pragmatischen Paradigmas, das als Gemeinschaftswerk geisteswissenschaftlicher Forschung ebenfalls in den 1980er Jahren an Bedeutung gewann und als dessen notwendige Folge H. Stachowiak ([Hg.] 1986, XVII) einen '"Paradigmawechsel' großen Stils" prophezeit hat.1 Bei den Pragmatisierungstendenzen sprachgeschichtlicher Fragestellungen kommt der historischen Dimensionierung textlinguistischer Erkenntnisfelder besondere Bedeutung zu. Es ist bekannt, daß die in den späten 1960er und 70er Jahren begründete Textlinguistik zunächst ebenso ahistorisch gewesen ist, wie die Historiolinguistik apragmatisch. Doch mit der fortschreitenden Rezeption sprachhandlungsorientierter Ansätze in der Sprachgeschichte gewann der Text i.S. einer komplexen sprachlichen Handlung (vgl. u.a. Sandig 1978, 69f., 99ff., 157f.) als Analyseobjekt für die pragmatische Orientierung der Sprachgeschichte zunehmend an Bedeutung. In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Forderung nach textlinguistischer bzw. textsortenbe zogener Fokussierung der Sprachgeschichtsschreibung vielfach formuliert worden. Als Beispiel sei hier aus H .. Stegers (1984, 200) grundlegendem Aufsatz Sprachgeschichte als Geschichte der Textsorten/I'exttypen ... zitiert.
Éditorial
Authors: Jerman Frane
Published: July 2021

La Faculté des Lettres de l'Université de Ljubljana est très honorée de pouvoir présenter au monde des sciences linguistiques, en résumé, les premiers travaux de jeunes chercheurs, actuellement assistants ou chargés de cours près des deux Universités slovenès, de Ljubljana et de Maribor, mais tous issus d'études auprès de la Faculté de l' Université de Ljubljana. Il s 'agit de quatre thèses de doctorat ès sciences, de quatre thèses de troisième cycle et, chose particulièrement précieuse, de deux travaux de licence que les directeurs des études de ces jeunes étudiants ont jugé dignes de publication. Les thèmes traités portent sur les domaines des langues slaves, romanes et germaniques. Méritent une mention particulière les travaux qui embrassent plus d'un seul domain, lorsque le regard du chercheur s'est posé sur la situation en slovène en la comparant, en clé contrastive, avec la situation dans une langue étrangère. La Faculté des Lettres de l'Université de Ljubljana est fière d'avoir pu encourager ces travaux et rendre possible leur publication, grâce aussi à l'aide du Ministere des Sciences et Technologie de la République de Slovénie, lequel avec son soutien financier permet la publication de la revue linguistique. Au nom de la Faculté et en mon nom je souhaite aux jeunes chercheurs beaucoup de succès dans leur carrière scientifique.
Le système prépositionnel dans le développment de la langue slovène littéraire du 16ème au 19ème siècle
Authors: Orel Pogačnik Irena
Published: July 2021

I Dans ce travail de doctorat, on examine le système des prépositions, classe grammaticale de mots invariables, synchroniquement et diachroniquement. On a forcément dû mettre à l'étude les prépositions, du point de vue syntaxique et sémantique. Le niveau profond, quant à lui, joue le rôle de base, en utilisant I'analyse des composants. Ces prépositions ne constituant pas un élément indépendant de la phrase, ce n'est qu'en relation avec d'autres classes de mots qu'elles expriment les rap­ ports, forment les syntagmes de la phrase et déterminent le cas des substantifs qui se tiennent apres ellès. Lorsqu'elles sont polysémiques, elles spécifient également le sens distinctif du groupe prépositionnel.
Verbalsuffixe mit Liquida
Authors: Zorman Marina
Published: July 2021

Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt eine Zusammenfassung bzw. vervollständigte Ver­ sion einiger Kapitel der Magisterarbeit der Autorin mit dem Titel Expressive Wort­ bildung beim Verb (Ältere, wahrscheinlich ererbte Kombinationen -V/C- + -r/l- - das Grundtypus -dr- - im Slowenischen) dar. Die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse der Arbeit hinsichtlich der morphologischen und semantischen Gestalt derartiger Verben, ihrer dialektologischen Verbreitung und der Genese, Funktion und Austauschbarkeit dieser Suffixe sollen unter dem Titel "Ekspresivne glagolske pripone tipa -V/C + -r/l-" in den "Razprave XV II. razreda SAZU" (Dissertationes Classis II, XV. Ljubljana, Academia scientiarium et artium Slovenica) (in Druck) veröffentlicht werden, deshalb werden sie hier nur so weit aufgenommen, wie das für das Verständnis des behandelten Gegen­ stands unbedingt notwendig ist. Eingehender werden Fragen erortert, die im erwähnten Artikel nicht behandelt werden, die jedoch auch für andere Linguisten interessant sein könnten. So ist der vorliegende Beitrag in vier Teile gegliedert
Verb + Präposition Kombination im Deutschen und Slowenischen
Authors: Sicherl Eva
Published: July 2021

Im vorliegenden Artikel wird die Diplomarbeit "Verb + Präposition Kombination im Deutschen und Slowenischen; Untersuchung von deutschen Verben, die mit einer Präposition vorkommen, in bezug auf ihre slowenischen Äquivalente - ergänzt durch einige Parallelen im Englischen" (Betreuer: Mag. Marjeta Senčar) resümiert. Die Diplomarbeit wurde im Januar 1993 abgeschlossen, und im April 1993 verteidigt. Die Autorin erhielt im Februar 1994 fur diese Arbeit den France-Prešeren-Preis der Philoso­ phischen Fakultät Ljubljana, der jahrlich an ausgewählte Absolventen für ihre wissen­ schaftlichen Leistungen von der Fakultät verliehen wird.
Milan Moguš, Povijest hrvatskoga književnoga jezika (Storia della lingua croata), /Globus/, Zagreb 1993, pp. 205
Authors: Vučetić Zorica
Published: July 2021

Il libro del noto linguista Milan Moguš è un valido contributo alla storia della lin­ gua croata dall'iscrizione  di Baška (Bašćanska ploča) fino ai nostri giorni. È la storia del croato scritto o letterario; essa è più complessa della storia della lingua standard dato che comprende anche i testi scritti la lingua dei quali non è stata soggetta alla stan­ dardizzazione. La letteratura croata, compresa in senso lato, come parte della ricca cul­ tura croata, contiene i testi scritti prima della standardizzazione, per cui in questo libro è descritto l'intero periodo della lingua croata scritta o letteraria. Alla base della lingua croata stanno tre parlate organiche (stocavo, caicavo e ciacavo) come dimostrano i testi scritti: i documenti, le lettere, le opere letterarie, le grammatiche, i dizionari ed altri testi. Nella sua storia la lingua croata era caratterizzata dalla continua compenetrazione di forti diversità e proprio  da queste diversita il croato traeva una più profonda omo­ geneità.  L'iscrizione  di Baška  (Bašćanska  ploča)  è un  documento  storico  e linguistico che rappresenta con ragione il più antico monumento della lingua nazionale croata; ha tutte le caratteristiche della lingua a cavallo tra l' 11. e il 12. secolo. I primi testi nascono sul territorio del dialetto ciacavo, ma accanto ai testi con base ciacava appaiono ben presto quelli con base stocava.
Roberto Dapit, La Slavia friulana - Beneška Slovenija. Lingue e culture: Resia, Torre, Natisone - Jezik in kultura: Rezija, Ter, Nadiža. Bibliografia ragionata - Kritična biblio­grafija, Circolo Zadroga "Lipa", San Pietro al Natisone - Špeter 1995, 138 p.
Authors: Skubic Mitja
Published: July 2021

E' possibile che al linguista non slavista il titolo non dica gran che. Eppure, per merito anche del linguista polacco Ian Baudouin de Courtenay, il dialetto sloveno di Resia, del Torre e del Natisone, queste parlate slovene sono fra le più studiate, anche dai linguisti stranieri: De Courtenay, poi, più recentemente Gian Battista Pellegrini, Giu­ seppe Francescato, Giovanni Frau, Antonio Maria Raffo da parte italiana e friulana; per la parte slovena possiamo ricordare Karel Strekelj, Fran Ramovs, Tine Logar, Pavle Merkù, Neva Godini, Liliana Spinozzi-Monai, Rado Lencek. E' doveroso, poi, citare l'americano Eric Hamp e l'olandese Han Steenwijk. Un posto a parte spetta a Milka Maticetov perché congiunge gli interessi linguistici con quelli etnologici.
Pierluigi Cuzzolin. Sull'origine della costruzione dicere quod: aspetti sintattici e se­ mantici; Firenze 1994, Pubblicazioni della Facolta di Lettere e Filosofia dell'Università di Pavia, 72, Dipartimento di Lingue e Letterature Straniere Moderne
Authors: Babič Matjaž
Published: July 2021

Das Buch ist eine überarbeitete und verbesserte Version der Doktordissertation, die an der Universität von Pavia vorgelegt wurde. Es wird darin ein vielbesprochenes Prob­ lem der lateinischen Sprache erneut aufgegriffen, es wird eine neue Antwort auf die Frage über das Verhaltnis zwischen Accusativus cum infinitivo (Acl) und Nebensätzen mit quod/quia dargeboten. Der Accusativus cum infinitivo, regiert von Verben wie 'sagen, denken', gilt als eine Besonderheit des Lateinischen und Altgriechischen im Verhältnis zu den modernen indogermanischen Sprachen. Für den Ursprung und Sinn dieser Infinitivkonstruktion wurden verschiedene Erklärungen vorgeschlagen oder zu­ mindest Richtungen für eine mögliche Lösung angezeigt. Der Verfasser dieses Buches versucht, die vorhandenen Losungen mit Hilfe der allgemeinlinguistischen Erkentnisse zu erganzen und sie in eine neue Lösung zu vereinen.
Tonska višina in tonski potek v angleščini in slovenščini
Authors: Šuštaršič Rastislav
Published: July 2021

V slovenščini je višinska razlika med končnim delom enega in začetkom drugega segmenta intonacijske enote pogosto manjša kot v angleščini, kjer so povsem običajne zveze visokega izhodišča z nizkim prvim zlogom glave ali z nizkim rastočim jedrom. V slovenščini je opazna večja medsebojna odvisnost tonske višine posameznih segmentov, tako da je npr. nizka glava pogostejša pred razmeroma nizkim, visoka pa pred razmeroma visokim jedrom. V primerjavi z izbranim angleškim modelom ugotovimo v slovenščini večje število različic tonskih potekov jedra in repa. Deljena rastoče-padajoča intonacije, ki je v angleščini različica nedeljene, je v slovenščini le odraz tonemske uresnicitve padajocega tonskega poteka. Ravna intonacija jedra in repa je v anglescini v koncnih intonacijskih enotah redka, v slovenščini, kjer jo moramo obravnavati kot različico rastoče intonacije, pa pogosto nastopa tako v končnih, kot nekončnih intonacijskih enotah.
Indications and Outcomes of Corneal Transplant Surgery in Ghana
Authors: Lartey Seth , Antwi-Adjei Ellen Konadu , Mohammed Abdul Kabir , Poku Emmanuel Owusu
Published: July 2021

Background: Corneal blindness contributes to 25% of all blindness. We review corneal transplant, a common surgical remedy, in Ghana to determine indications and visual outcomes in resource-poor environments.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of keratoplasty evaluating indications, pre- and postoperative outcomes complications and  their associations, between January 2014 and December 2018 at a teaching  hospital in Ghana. Descriptive statistics and McNemar’s test were used for the analyses.

Results: Seventy-five eyes were studied. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of patients was 45.08 ± 17.85 years, the majority being 20–39 years (58.7% were male). Pseudophakia bullous keratopathy (PBK) was the commonest indication for keratoplasty (26.7%) followed by keratoconus (21.3%). Preoperatively 96% of eyes were blind with vision <3/60 with 64% out of the total eyes with vision <1/60. Postoperatively, 60% of all grafts had uncorrected vision of 3/60 or better after the last follow-up. McNemar’s test revealed a statistically  significant difference between postsurgical and pre-surgical visual acuity (VA) (p < 0. 001). The median follow-up period was 12 months. The commonest postsurgical complication was raised intraocular pressure (IOP) (22.7%) with a total of 14.7% of grafts failures.

Conclusion: In this setting, PBK is the leading indication for corneal transplant. Visual outcomes for corneal transplant in this  resource poor area are not worse than in other settings. We need to pay attention to corneal transplant services to cater for the expected increase  in PBK from the increasing cataract surgical rate.
Comparison of the Outcomes of Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS) and Phacoemulsification (PHACO) in Ghana
Authors: Kyei Samuel , Zaabaar Ebenezer , Assiamah Frank , Kwarteng Michael Agyemang , Asiedu Kofi
Published: July 2021

Background: The growing middle-class population of Ghana has seen more people being employed in visually demanding occupations  and hence there is an increased desire for quality post-cataract surgical visual outcomes. This study aimed at comparing the outcomes of manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) and phacoemulsification (PHACO) among Ghanaians.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study in which records of patients who underwent MSCIS or phacoemulsification by the same surgeon were reviewed.

Results: Medical records of 248 eyes were reviewed, out of which 132 underwent PHACO and 116 had MSICS. A significant number of the  PHACO group had good (6/6–6/18) uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) compared to the MSICS group at 1–2 weeks follow-up (p = 0.003) and 4–6 weeks follow-up (p = 0.002). MSICS resulted in a higher total astigmatic change compared to PHACO (p < 0.001). The PHACO grouphad a higher number of postoperative complications compared with the MSICS group (p <0.001). Postoperative borderline and poor  uncorrected visual acuity were associated with age, total astigmatic change, and postoperative complications.

Conclusion: The postoperative UCVA outcomes at 4–6 weeks’ follow-up indicates that PHACO resulted in noticeably less spectacle dependency when compared to MSICS.
Review of Histology Results of Hand Masses: A South African Audit
Authors: Vyamungu Christian , Fru Pascaline , Sefeane Tatolo , Sathekga Cynthia , Ndobe Elias
Published: July 2021

Background: Patients with hand masses present for consultation either for pain, loss of function, or cosmetic embarrassment caused by the mass. The majority of hand masses are benign soft tissue tumors. The aim was to review the histology results of hand masses operated on at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital Hand Unit in Johannesburg, South Africa, to explore the relationship of the types of masses according to age, sex, side, and compare the findings with what is in the current literature.

Methods: Patients operated on in the hand unit, for hand masses between April 2016 and April 2019 with histology results were included in the study for statistical  analysis.

Results: There were 64 males and 105 females with a mean age of 41.03 ± 18.81 years. The most frequent masses were ganglion cysts.  Females appeared to be more affected than males by the different hand masses, but there were no statistically significant differences. Of the 21 giant cell tumors, 15 occurred on the right hand (p-value = 0.021).

Conclusion: The profile of hand masses at a high-volume hand unit in Johannesburg, were comparable to the reported literature. There  were no significant differences between sex and diagnosis, however, there was a relationship between diagnosis and side for giant cell tumors of tendon sheaths, requiring further exploration.
Anticonvulsant Activity of 80% Methanol Leaf Extract and Solvent Fractions of Buddleja polystachya Fresen. (Buddlejaceae) in Mice
Authors: Agedew Tewodros , Nedi Teshome , Umer Shemsu , Shibeshi Workineh
Published: July 2021

Epilepsy is a chronic non-communicable disease characterized by recurrent seizures. According to 2019 WHO report, it affects about 50  million people globally and nearly 80% of them live in low-and middleincome countries. Current antiepileptic drugs have several limitations including lack of response in significant number of patients and intolerable adverse drug reactions. Buddleja polystachya Fresen. (Buddlejaceae) is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of epilepsy in Ethiopian traditional medicine, where the dried leaves are crushed, mixed with local alcoholic beverage and taken orally. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of the 80% methanol leaf extract and solvent fractions of B. polystachya in mice models of seizure. The dried and powdered leaves of B.  polystachya were extracted using cold maceration with 80% methanol (1:5 w/v), and the resulting crude extract was fractionated using chloroform and n-butanol to get chloroform, n-butanol and aqueous fractions. Anticonvulsant activities of B. polystachya crude extract and solvent fractions at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were evaluated using pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and maximal electroshock (MES)–induced seizures in mice (n = 6). In addition, motor coordination effects were assessed using rotarod test. Sodium valproate (200 mg/kg), phenytoin (25 mg/kg) and diazepam (5 mg/kg) were used as standards for PTZ, MES and rotarod tests, respectively. Distilled water or 2% tween 80 was used as negative control. All doses of the crude extract exhibited a significant (p < 0.001) anticonvulsant property in both PTZ and MES tests compared with negative control. Similarly, the n-butanol fraction exerted significant (p < 0.001) anticonvulsant effects in both seizure models. However, the chloroform fraction (200 and 400 mg/kg) showed a significant (p < 0.001) anticonvulsant effect in only PTZ-induced seizure model. The aqueous fraction was devoid of any anticonvulsant activity in both models. The crude extract and fractions did not exert any significant changes in motor coordination. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the crude extract and solvent  fractions revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins, steroids, terpenoids and saponins. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that the plant has a promising anticonvulsant activity and could be considered as a potential source to develop new  anticonvulsant drug.
Determinants of Chronic Illness Among Aged Population in Ghana: A Multinomial Logit Approach
Authors: Nyarko C. C. , Agyarko K. , Nyarko P. K. , Brew L.
Published: July 2021

Generally, the constant change in demographic trends among the aged depict gradual increase in the size of the aged population globally. The aged population is often capitalised with degenerative conditions such as chronic illness which affect their ability to function effectively and often require special support. Despite the increase in the size of the aged population and their associated degenerative conditions, very few descriptive studies on the determinants of chronic illness among the aged has been researched especially in developing countries such as Ghana and there is no compelling evidence on the association of chronic illness and its determinants. Thus, this study seeks to analyse and predict the impact of age, gender, education, marital status, Quality of Life (QoL), social cohesion, settlement and depression on chronic illness among the aged population in Ghana. From the studies a Multinomial Logit Regression (MLR) was employed to analyse the data obtained from the Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) under, Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE), 2012. It was revealed that out of the 1384 sampled, 71% had no chronic illness whilst 22% and 7% had one and two or more chronic illness respectively. Again, it was observed that, Depression State, Gender, Marital Status and Settlement Type (rural or urban) play significant roles in determining the likelihood of the aged getting chronic illness while Physical Function, Social Cohesion, QoL, Age and Education Level were not statistically significant determinants of chronic illness. Our findings demonstrate that chronic illness among the aged is constantly increasing in Ghana especially in the urban communities and need to be addressed urgently through governmental policies and programs in the quest to help salvage the deteriorating conditions of the aged.

 

Keywords: Aged Population, Multinomial Logit Model, Chronic Illness
Effects of banditry on income and livelihoods of yam marketers in Shiroro Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed U. , Umar I.S. , Olaleye R.S. , Pelemo J.J. , Ahmad B.S. , Mohammed U. , Umar A.
Published: July 2021

The study was on effects of banditry on income and livelihoods of yam marketers in Shiroro Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria. Banditry is one the major confronting production and marketing of yam in Shiroro Local Government of Niger State. The activities on banditry over the years have paralysed economic activities since majority of the populace derived their livelihood from farming. The menace posed by banditry has affected rural populace income livelihood thereby making them sojourning in the neighbouring Local Government Area. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 197 of yam marketers. Data were collected using structured  questionnaire and interview scheduled. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics (percentages, frequency, count and mean), multiple regression and livelihoods status index. The results revealed that majority of respondents were male with long year of experience in yam marketing. The coefficient of low participation on weekly contribution (Adashi) (1.9823.93) was negatively significant at 10% level of probability. Also, 84.8% of the respondents in the study area were of very low livelihood status. Displacement of yam marketers from their native markets to nearby markets (x̅=2.42) and rising of the price of yam stead (x̅=2.20) were the major constraints faced by yam  marketers. It was recommended that yam marketers should diversify into other income generating activities in order to improve their livelihood status and government should collaborate with village heads for provision of security for yam marketers.
Effect of accelerated ripening agent on nutrient and antinutrient composition of banana
Authors: Ariyo O. , Balogun B. , Solademi E.A.
Published: July 2021

Food safety especially of fruits is important for a healthy and sustainable food system. Though accelerated ripening of fruits is common in Nigeria, its effect on nutritional quality of fruits remains underexplored. This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the nutrient and antinutrient composition of banana ripened with Calcium carbide (CaC2). In this study, mature bunches of freshly harvested green bananas were grouped separately and allowed to ripen naturally and artificially (with CaC2). At the end of the ripening stage, the nutritional parameters (proximate, minerals, vitamins) and antinutritional parameters were determined using relevant analytical methods, and the results obtained were compared across groups. The results showed that the proximate composition of the artificially ripened samples increase in ash (1.49), fat (0.76), and moisture (69.86) while carbohydrate (23.92) and protein (1.88) contents declined. Similarly, Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe and Zn (mg/100 g) contents were higher in calcium carbide ripened than naturally ripened sample. Naturally ripened samples contained the higher amount of Vitamins C (28.87 mg/100 g), niacin (0.89 mg/100 g), pantothenic acid (0.27 mg/100 g) and pyridoxine (0.29mg/100 g). The β-carotene (127 mcg/100 g), Vitamin E (2.9 mg/100 g) and Vitamin K (0.31 mg/100 g) increased significantly in the artificially ripened samples, when compared to the naturally ripened samples. The use of calcium carbide as a ripening agent increases moisture and phlobatannin content, and loss in protein, carbohydrate, fibre, niacin, pantothenic acid, and pyridoxine composition of Cavendish banana.
National Integration and Peaceful Co-Existence in Nigeria: The Role of Inter-Ethnic/Inter-Religious Marriages
Authors: Chukwu Christian Emeka
Published: July 2021

It is no longer news that Nigeria as one united political and geographical entity has continued to experience inter-religious and inter-ethnic sentiments bickering, misunderstanding, mistrust which have constantly snowballed into crisis of tremendous proportion. As a result, many innocent lives and properties worth billions of naira have been lost. This ugly situation has continued to threaten the corporate existence of Nigeria and retrogressively affected the socioeconomic development of Nigeria. However, when there is no genuine effort to bring about genuine national integration, peaceful coexistence will definitely be a mirage. One of the factors or strategies identified as capable of fostering national integration and  guaranteeing peaceful co-existence is inter-ethnic, inter-religious and even inter-communal marriages among the people of different ethnic groups and adherents of different religions in Nigeria. This paper clarifies concepts in the write-up and also points out how intermarriages can foster peace and unity. It also recommends that traditional and religious leaders should be encouraged to inspire those they watch over to embrace this type of mixed marriage in order to achieve sustainable national development and most importantly promote peaceful coexistence among different ethnic groups in Nigeria
Sex Education: Ancient Israel and Igbo Traditional Practices
Authors: Dike Uzoma Amos , Okwueze M.I.
Published: July 2021

Every human (male and female) is a sexual being. Exploring and experiencing one’s sexuality is part of being human. Unfortunately, human’s curiosity and interest concerning sexuality are not always guided and nurtured in a wholesome way because sex is viewed as sacred and talking about it constitutes a taboo. Hence, many parents are at ease to teach their children about virtually every other thing in life, but they usually do not, however, teach about sexuality with similar ease. As a result, many grow into adulthood with partial and  distorted views of human sexuality. The aim of the study was to discover the teachings of Proverbs 7:24-27 on sex education along traditional practices in tone with sex education in Igbo culture and determine the place of proper sex education for better dealing and understanding of human sexuality. The study adopted African  inculturation hermeneutics which makes African social cultural context the subject of interpretation. The study revealed that sex education was integral to the training of the young adults in ancient Israel Igbo cultures. However, the study observed some areas of strength and weaknesses of sexuality training in Igbo traditional practices. Thus, the research upheld that the instructions on human sexuality preserved in the book of Proverbs are very relevant in strengthening the contemporary Igbo culture and her traditional practices in the training of young adults in the areas of chastity. Therefore, the paper called for proper sex education in the Igbo society to instill sexual purity among youths of contemporary Igbo society.
Gradient, Texture Driven Based Dynamic-Histogram Equalization For Medical Image Enhancement
Authors: Vidyasaraswathi H. N. , Hanumantharaju M. C.
Published: July 2021

In many clinical diagnostic measurements, medical images play some significant role but often suffer from various types of noise and low-luminance, which causes some notable changes in overall system accuracy with misdiagnosis rate. To improve the visual appearance of object regions in medical images, image enhancement techniques are used as potential pre-processing techniques. Due to its simplicity and easiness of implementation, histogram equalization is widely preferred in many applications. But due to its mapping function based image transformation during enhancement process affect the biomedical patterns which are essential for diagnosis. To mitigate these issues in medical images, a new method based on gradient computations and Texture Driven based Dynamic histogram equalization (GTDDHE) is accomplished to increase the visual perception. The spatial texture pattern is also included to ensure the texture retention and associated control over its variations during histogram modifications. Experimental results on MRI, CT images, eyes images from medical image datasets and quantitative analysis by PSNR, structural similarity index measurement (SSIM), information entropy (IE) and validated that the proposed method offers improved quality with maximum retention of biomedical patterns across all types of medical images.
Objeto de aprendizagem BIM para o levantamento de quantitativos e de custos em GCC-I/UFC
Authors: Borges Rodrigo Magalhães Siqueira , Lima Mariana Monteiro Xavier de , Barros Neto José de Paula
Published: July 2021

Objetos de aprendizagem BIM são caracterizados como instrumentos que visam orientar a utilização prática do BIM voltado ao ensino de determinado conteúdo de engenharia. Na área de Gerenciamento da Construção Civil, sabe-se que são diversos os conteúdos trabalhados, os quais envolvem o desenvolvimento de diversas competências e habilidades, como técnicas, comunicação, liderança, essenciais ao processo de formação dos alunos. Somado a isso, a grande complexidade dos assuntos exige que discentes desenvolvam elevados níveis de cognição. Em virtude disso, o presente trabalho propõe o desenvolvimento de um objeto de aprendizagem BIM voltado ao levantamento de quantitativos e de custos e um projeto de construção.
Apresentação no Youtube: https://youtu.be/VEZA99e-6NQ
Ferramenta de planejamento do ensino-aprendizagem de conteúdos de engenharia por meio de O.A BIM
Authors: Borges Rodrigo Magalhães Siqueira , Lima Mariana Monteiro Xavier de , Barros Neto José de Paula
Published: July 2021

Sabe-se que o Building Information Modeling (BIM) pode oferecer diversos benefícios à aprendizagem quanto a conteúdos de engenharia a discentes. Apesar de tais benefícios, devido à existência de lacunas na literatura quanto à integração do BIM ao ensino, o presente trabalho busca desenvolver uma ferramenta de planejamento do ensino-aprendizagem de conteúdos de engenharia auxiliada pelo BIM, com o intuito de facilitar o planejamento de docentes quanto à apresentação de conteúdos de engenharia aos alunos, como também para facilitar o aprendizado e desenvolvimento de suas competências e habilidades. Para seu desenvolvimento, trabalhou-se com alunos de graduação em Engenharia Civil, os quais estão cursando ou cursaram a disciplina de Gerenciamento da Construção Civil I da Universidade Federal do Ceará entre os anos de 2016 e 2020. Apesar de ter sido escolhida uma área específica do curso de graduação em Engenharia Civil, espera-se que a ferramenta também possa ser aplicada em outras áreas do curso, não se extinguindo também a possibilidade de ser aplicada em outros cursos de graduação de engenharia ou de arquitetura, se realizadas adaptações necessárias à ferramenta. Como resultado, a ferramenta é capaz de contribuir para o planejamento eficiente de disciplinas de Gerenciamento da Construção Civil, proporcionando aos discentes melhorias na aprendizagem quanto aos conteúdos apresentados, bem como facilitando o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades importantes a sua formação.
Apresentação no YouTube: https://youtu.be/gz7ANv5hKiE
Formação executiva em BIM: disciplina Plano de Execução BIM
Authors: Cruz Braulio Verissimo , Santos Eduardo Ribeiro dos
Published: July 2021

A indústria da construção vem exigindo que as empresas de projeto e construção utilizem no desenvolvimento de seus trabalhos os recursos oferecidos pelo BIM para projetar, executar, operar e manter o edifício. Diante deste cenário, começa a ter a necessidade de um planejamento para que o processo através do BIM aconteça de forma suave e com sucesso. A disciplina de Plano de Execução BIM, parte do curso de Formação Executiva em BIM oferecido pela Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) foi desenvolvida  para  dar suporte a profissionais que atuam no nível estratégico das organizações ligadas direta ou indiretamente à indústria da construção civil.  Ela é contemporânea ao momento de esforço na tradução e adaptação da norma 19650-2. Tal norma trata da organização e digitalização de informações sobre edifícios e obras de engenharia civil, incluindo BIM, nessa parte 2, versando sobre a entrega dos ativos.
A organização da disciplina foi indexada às etapas cronológicas de um Plano de Execução BIM desde a fase de contratação dos trabalhos. Essa disciplina foi dividida em quatro etapas que corresponderam a quatro aulas com duração de quatro horas numa carga horária total de 16 horas. Os conteúdos foram distribuídos de forma que cada aula tenha de três a quatro etapas  da estrutura de um BEP, ficando a última aula reservada ao desenvolvimento de um mini BEP dentro do contexto e da necessidade de cada aluno. 
Essa disciplina aponta os procedimentos para a execução dos projetos, desde os requisitos de informação para a contração das diversas partes envolvidas no processo até o plano de Execução BIM em si. Parte da didática das aulas se vale da participação dos alunos formando equipes que são estimuladas através de dinâmicas de discussão a resolver questões diretamente ligadas ao Plano de Execução BIM. As habilidades desenvolvidas nas disciplinas foram trabalhadas em dinâmicas que seguiram uma abordagem com aplicação direta ao contexto de cada aluno. A metodologia de ensino priorizou as atividades integradas que foram ambientadas em aplicativos de colaboração síncrona e colaborativa como Slido e Jumboard.
Apresentação no YouTube: https://youtu.be/UWO2CMbDlNI
Establishment of the Brazilian Registry of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, using the database the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research
Authors: Corrêa Cinthya Corrêa , Das Neves Heliz Regina Alves , Simione Anderson João , Geraldo Bruna Letícia Da Silva Santos , Pasquini Marcelo , Seber Adriana , Vergueiro Carmen Silvia Vieitas , Arcuri Leonardo Javier , Bonfim Carmem Maria Sales , Duarte Fernando Barroso , Flowers Mary , Colturato Vergílio Antonio Rensi , Hamerschlak Nelson
Published: July 2021

The number of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in Brazil is growing rapidly. To better understand the outcomes of HSCT in Brazil, strategies have been developed with the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), using its standardized registry structure and data sharing application. The methods adopted to establish the registry were through efforts to increase the Brazilian centers that report to CIBMTR included training courses for HSCT data managers, the officialization of a multicenter HSCT study using the CIBMTR structure and the partnership between Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation (SBTMO) and the CIBMTR. Here we describe the history for establishing the HSCT Brazilian database using the CIBMTR back to center data and present the aggregated results since 2016. We found a significant increase in the numbers of active centers reporting to CIBMTR from 11 in 2016 to 21 in 2020 corresponding to higher numbers of transplants reported to the CIBMTR from 574 to 921 in that period. The model used to generate this national database was effective as it leverages existing infrastructure to assess the activity and outcomes of HSCT in Brazil.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ACCESSIBILITY TO CELL THERAPY IN BRAZIL
Authors: Duarte Fernando Barroso , Silla Lúcia , Hamerschlak Nelson
Published: July 2021

Editorial.
“Me and Socrates, we are tight friends”: Co-constructing a polis of teachers and philosophers of education.
Authors: Furman Cara
Published: July 2021

It is an educational truism that reflection helps teachers to be more effective and ethical. Building on John Dewey’s assertion that we learn by doing and reflecting, and Hannah Arendt’s that reflection is strengthened through discourse among peers, I argue that a valuable role for teacher educators is to be interlocutors with whom teachers can reflect. Adding to previous scholarship that positions philosophers of education as ideal interlocutors, I focus on the nature of the relationship between teachers and philosophers of education. Mirroring the format of the Socratic dialogues, I include three dialogues to explore how teachers and philosophers of education might reflect together. The first dialogue is the transcription of an interview about reflection and teaching between a former elementary school teacher colleague and me (then a doctoral student in philosophy of education). The second is a written dialogue that brings the interview into communication with Plato and Arendt to further elucidate what it means to reflect as a teacher and with teachers. The third dialogue occurred many years later as a group of philosophers of education reflected upon dialogues 1 and 2 to consider how they might better engage with teachers.
Interconnection of Personality Self-affirmation Strategy with Time Perspective
Authors: Yevchenko Iryna M. , Masliuk Andrii M. , Podolyak Nataliia M. , Girchenko Olena L.
Published: July 2021

Self-affirmation acts as one of the main determinants of the formation of a person, who can be socially active, have his or her own position and views, be able to defend and prove them, know the rights, adequately evaluate opportunities and be responsible for the actions. With the help of the questionnaire "Strategies of self-affirmation of personality" (N.E. Harlamenkov, E.P. Nikitin), we found out the strategies of self-affirmation of students. This knowledge will enable us to work properly to optimize the choice of strategies for self-affirmation by young people. For a harmonious existence of the personality, a consistent approach to different time perspectives is required. For a psychologist to work with a person it is important to understand the priority of the temporal perspective, because the time perspective reflects the settings, beliefs and values associated with time. With the help of the questionnaire "The Time Perspective of Personality" by F. Zimbardo, we outlined the time perspective of the respondents with different strategies of self-affirmation, and we conducted a comparative analysis of the results obtained at different time intervals. The results of the conducted study will provide further development of the training program for the formation of the student’s ability to constructive self-affirmation.
Axiological Aspect of Professional Training of Future Pedagogues
Authors: Antoniuk Volodymyr Z. , Alendar Nadiya I. , Bartkiv Oksana S. , Honcharuk Olha V. , Durmanenko Oksana L.
Published: July 2021

This scientific research examines the issues related to the axiological aspect of the professional training of future teachers. The relevance of the stated research topic is determined by the urgent necessity to increase the importance of high-quality professional training of future representatives of pedagogical professions, in the context of changes taking place in the modern education system. The purpose of this research work is to identify and state the main components of the axiological aspect of the professional training of future workers in the pedagogical industry, which is able to impart integrity to the entire process of their training. The leading approach in this scientific study is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches to the study of issues related to the axiological aspect of the professional training of future workers in the pedagogical industry, in order to determine the main components of the factors affecting the quality and effectiveness of this training and further professional activities of teachers. The main results of this research work were: a statement of the necessity to develop and take a set of measures to clarify the existing value criteria of the education system to future teachers at the stage of their university preparation, as well as the acceptance of the fact of the need for the constant practice of future teachers in instilling in students respect for existing values in the context modern education system. The applied value of this study is determined by the possibility and urgent need to apply in practice the recommendations obtained as a result in order to get practical outcomes expressed in a real increase in the quality of professional training of future teachers, primarily in terms of increasing the value of their profession and their awareness of the value orientation of their activities. Further scientific research within the framework of the stated topic will help to fully reveal the essence of the axiological approach to the system of professional training of future teachers and supplement the existing ideas about the value of teacher education, in the context of the real state of affairs in the modern education system in Ukraine.