bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Difficulties with assessment and management of an infant’s distress in the postoperative period: Optimising opportunities for interdisciplinary information-sharing
Authors: Weiner Carlye , Penrose Sueann , Manias Elizabeth , Cranswick Noel , Rosenfeld Ellie , Newall Fiona , Williams Allison , Borrott Narelle , Kinney Sharon
Published: January 2017

Objectives:

The importance of accurate paediatric patient assessment is well established but under-utilised in managing postoperative medication regimens.

Methods:

Data for this case report were collected through observations of clinical practice, conduct of interviews, and retrieval of information from the medical record. This case report involving a hospitalised 1-year-old boy demonstrates the difficulties associated with assessing and managing postoperative distress, including pain and other clinical conditions related to the surgical procedure.

Results:

Postoperatively, there were difficulties in managing pain and an episode of over-sedation, occasioning opiate reversal with naloxone. In addition, he had decreasing oxygen saturation and increased work of breathing. X-ray showed changes consistent with either atelectasis or aspiration, and he was commenced on antibiotics. The patient experienced respiratory distress and required intervention from the medical emergency team.

Conclusion:

This case demonstrated the importance of comprehensive assessment and careful consideration of alternative causes of an infant’s distress using the results of assessment tools to aid decision-making. Communication moderates effective patient care, and more favourable outcomes could be achieved by optimising interdisciplinary information-sharing.
Recurrent unilateral facial nerve palsy in a child with dehiscent facial nerve canal
Authors: Liu Christopher , Ulualp Seckin O , Koral Korgun
Published: January 2017

Objective:

The dehiscent facial nerve canal has been well documented in histopathological studies of temporal bones as well as in clinical setting. We describe clinical and radiologic features of a child with recurrent facial nerve palsy and dehiscent facial nerve canal.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review.

Results:

A 5-year-old male was referred to the otolaryngology clinic for evaluation of recurrent acute otitis media and hearing loss. He also developed recurrent left peripheral FN palsy associated with episodes of bilateral acute otitis media. High resolution computed tomography of the temporal bones revealed incomplete bony coverage of the tympanic segment of the left facial nerve.

Conclusions:

Recurrent peripheral FN palsy may occur in children with recurrent acute otitis media in the presence of a dehiscent facial nerve canal. Facial nerve canal dehiscence should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children with recurrent peripheral FN palsy.
Feline familial pedal eosinophilic dermatosis in two littermates
Authors: Pressanti Charline , Cadiergues Marie-Christine
Published: January 2017

In cats, the most common eosinophilic dermatoses are feline miliary dermatitis and eosinophilic granuloma complex. The most commonly identified underlying cause is a hypersensitivity reaction. Few cases of familial forms of eosinophilic dermatoses are reported in the literature. Two young adult cats from the same litter presented 2 years apart with a severe and chronic fluid or tissue infiltration of the distal part of several limbs. Lesions started on the forelegs and developed on the other limbs. Cytological and histopathological examinations showed lesions consistent with an atypical form of feline eosinophilic dermatosis associated with secondary bacterial infection. In both cats, antibiotics combined with immunosuppressive treatment partially improved the lesions, which continued to progress on a waxing and waning course, even in the absence of treatment. Allergy work-up did not permit the identification of an underlying allergic triggering factor. The severity of the lesions, the unusual presentation and the unsatisfactory response to immunosuppressive therapy in two feline littermates suggested a genetic form of eosinophilic dermatosis.
Assessing the role of cognition prior to transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Phongtankuel Veerawat , Reid MC , Siegler Eugenia L
Published: January 2017

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement offers patients with severe aortic stenosis an opportunity to live longer and better lives. Although this procedure allows clinicians to treat sicker and frailer patients who cannot undergo open heart surgery, age-related comorbidities, specifically cognitive impairment, must factor into the evaluation process.
Electroacupuncture for the prevention of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in participants undergoing vascular laparotomy under general anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Meng-yue , Wang Cheng-wei , Wu Zhou-peng , Li Ning
Published: January 2017

Background

Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction (PGD) is a common complication following laparotomy under general anesthesia (GA). Abdominal distension occurs in 8–28% of surgeries within 24 h postoperatively. The present study aimed to analyze the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) for the prevention of PGD by applying preoperative EA stimulation of PC6 (Neiguan), ST36 (Zusanli), and ST37 (Shangjuxv) bilaterally twice within 24 h prior to surgery, compared with no acupuncture treatment.

Methods

The study participants were assessed and selected from participants undergoing vascular laparotomy under GA at the Liver and Vascular Surgery Unit in West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The selected participants were randomly allocated to two groups: routine-treatment (RT) and EA group receiving EA at PC6, ST36, and ST37. A computer-generated list of random numbers was used to determine the allocation of the participants, with numbered opaque sealed envelopes containing the randomization schedule. Eligible participants were all adults aged 18 years or above who were scheduled to undergo vascular laparotomy under GA within 24 h and had no history of EA treatment. The exclusion criteria included participants with serious systemic disease and history of EA treatment. While the RT group received standard treatments, the EA group received additional EA treatments. During each treatment session, EA stimulation was performed for a duration of 20 min at a frequency of 15 Hz with a continuous wave. All such participants received two EA treatments within 24 h before surgery. The outcomes were measured in three metrics: incidence and degree of abdominal distension; first times of flatus and defecation; and duration of hospitalization.

Results

Forty-three participants were recruited, of whom 42 participants successfully completed the study. Each group contained 21 participants. The incidence of abdominal distension (42.8, 76.2%) and degree of abdominal distension were significantly reduced in the EA group (P = 0.03 andP = 0.03, respectively). In comparisons of the first times of flatus (3.05 ± 0.58, 3.29 ± 0.42 days) and defecation (2.81 ± 0.51, 3.20 ± 0.55 days) and duration of hospitalization (5.33 ± 0.68, 5.75 ± 0.66 days), the EA group was superior to the RT group to some extent (P = 0.13,P = 0.02, andP = 0.04, respectively).

Conclusions

Preoperative EA at PC6, ST36, and ST37 might be useful for preventing PGD, thereby improving gastrointestinal function recovery.

Trial registrationThis study is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-TRC-13003649
The Competition and Markets Authority's 2017 study in care
Authors: Tupper Stephen
Published: January 2017

The Competition and Markets Authority announced last year that it will begin its investigation of the care home sector this month. Stephen Tupper explains what this study is, how it will operate, and the likely outcomes for those who fall short of expectations
Guilherme de Poitiers e o relato da batalha de Hastings, 950 anos depois
Authors: Monteiro João Gouveia
Published: January 2017

Este artigo visa evocar, no ano em que se comemora o 950º aniversário da sua ocorrência, aquele que é considerado o combate mais decisivo da história medieval europeia: a batalha de Hastings, travada a 14 de outubro de 1066, no sul de Inglaterra, entre o rei Haroldo II Godwinson e o duque Guilherme de Normandia. E fá-lo de uma forma muito especial, oferecendo ao público de língua portuguesa a tradução dos parágrafos alusivos a este combate redigidos entre 1071 e 1077 pelo clérigo Guilherme de Poitiers, habitualmente citado como a fonte escrita mais importante do evento. O artigo compõe-se de uma introdução (em que se apresenta o autor da narrativa e se recordam os momentos principais da sua vibrante descrição do combate) e de um apêndice, em que se transcreve a fonte latina e se apresenta (julgamos que pela primeira vez, pelo menos em versão bilingue) a respetiva tradução portuguesa.https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_1
La propagation du béton armé au Portugal: les bâtiments industriels comme moyens de divulgation de la technique
Authors: Licordari Mariangela
Published: January 2017

Cet article vise à donner des précisions sur la propagation du béton armé au Portugal, en cherchant à clarifier les mécanismes et les coïncidences qui ont permis, au tournant du XXe siècle, la divulgation de cette nouvelle technique de construction dans ce pays au début de son industrialisation. Pour la diffusion de ce nouveau matériau dans le contexte constructif du Portugal, les compétences entrepreneuriales de François Hennebique, père du brevet en béton armé le plus connu à l’échelle internationale, seront fondamentales. Les bâtiments industriels seront les premiers édifices capables d’exploiter au maximum les qualités techniques du nouveau matériau. La Fábrica de Moagem de Caramujo est l’un des exemples les plus concrets pour justifier notre argumentaire. Ce bâtiment a été le premier au Portugal à être entièrement construit en béton armé, en laissant comme héritage un lexique constructif qui trouvera une utilisation très large dans l’architecture portugaise des années à venir.https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_14
O Couto Mineiro do Cabo Mondego e o contributo técnico de Ernest Fleury (1878-1958)na indústria extrativa e cimenteira locais. Um relatório geológico inédito de 1923
Authors: Brandão José M. , Callapez Pedro M. , Pinto José M. Soares
Published: January 2017

O presente texto debruça-se sobre o relatório produzido por Ernest Fleury(1878‑1958), professor do Instituto Superior Técnico, na sequência de  visita efetuada em abril de 1923, a convite da concessionária, aos  barreiros e pedreiras existentes, respetivamente, entre Buarcos e Tavarede e no perímetro do Couto Mineiro do Cabo Mondego (Figueira da Foz). Estas explorações alimentavam as fábricas de cerâmica, cal hidráulica e cimento locais, daí resultando produtos emblemáticos que granjeavam bom acolhimento no mercado nacional, mas que enfrentavam uma competição séria e crescente. O relatório descreve as principais características dos depósitos em exploração e pronuncia-se sobre as potencialidades destes jazigos, no âmbito de uma longa colaboração que este importante geólogo teve com as indústrias do Cabo Mondego. Neste âmbito, para além da sua aura técnica, este documento deve ler-se num contexto temporal e como um contributo para a história da Geologia Aplicada em Portugal, de que Fleury foi pioneiro.https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_15
«Um editor já desmascarado ou marcado»: a Livraria Moraes Editora e a censura
Authors: Ludovico Sara
Published: January 2017

Na década de 50 um grupo de católicos delineou um projeto que se queria de “pensamento e ação”, percorrendo várias etapas e disseminando ideias até à concretização do seu plano maior: criar uma revista. A aproximação deste grupo a António Alçada Baptista, que comprara uma antiga livraria, a Moraes, tornaria, anos depois, o sonho de O Tempo e o Modo possível. Mas foi primeiro no território da Editora Moraes, através doseu plano editorial, que este grupo de católicos “progressistas”  manifestou, com o seu humanismo interventor, uma nova forma de ação política e artística. Se a identidade da pacto cultural revolucionário e socialmente subversor pode ser medido através do peso da perseguição censória feita às suas publicações. As palavras dos censores confirmam a difícil posição da Moraes enquanto editora católica e enquanto “terceira via” no debate de ideias, na segunda metade do século XX em Portugal.https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_20
A censura salazarista e as colónias: um exemplo de abrangência
Authors: Melo Daniel
Published: January 2017

Este artigo pretende contribuir para o reforço da nossa compreensão sobre um tema ainda pouco explorado na academia portuguesa, o da censura salazarista, através do estudo da sua ação nas colónias. Nele propõe-se uma síntese problematizante da censura no Império, de modo a aferir o seu impacto e a devolver um retrato mais complexo da esfera pública portuguesa em contexto ditatorial. A censura oficial é caracterizada a partir de três eixos relevantes: origens e evolução; justificação, institucionalização e perfil; principais efeitos políticos, socioculturais e mentais. O olhar comparativo permitirá perceber até que ponto as eventuais semelhanças e diferenças nas censuras institucionais criadas por outros regimes autoritários afins tiveram relações com a genealogia, o perfil ideológico e o tipo de impacto causado.https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_21
Baptista, Virgínia (2016). Proteção e direitos das mulheres trabalhadoras em Portugal 1880-1943. Lisboa: ICS, 507 pp., ISBN 978-972-671-365-4
Authors: Vaquinhas Irene
Published: January 2017

https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_23
Oliveira, Ricardo Pessa de (2016). História da Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Pombal (1628‑1910). Pombal: Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Pombal, 464 pp., ISBN 978-989-20-6499-4.
Authors: Braga Isabel Drumond
Published: January 2017

https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_27
Santos, Maria José Azevedo (2015). As regras da Regra: Santa Clara: códice do século XVI. Pref. José Pedro Paiva. Colaboração especial de Francisco Pato de Macedo. Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 149 pp. + facsimile [38 pp.], ISBN 978-989-26
Authors: Hipólito Isaías
Published: January 2017

https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_28
Paulmier de Gonneville et le Portugal: un navigateur normand dans la première mondialisation
Authors: Christophe Maneuvrier
Published: January 2017

Connu partiellement depuis le XVIIe siècle et publié dans son intégralité dès 1869, le récit de l’expédition faite par Binot Paulmier de Gonneville vers les Indes en 1503 et qui le conduisit au Brésil a fait l’objet depuis une vingtaine d’années d’une série de critiques qui, bien qu’infondées, ont jeté le discrédit sur son authenticité. Trop souvent étudié jusqu’à présent dans le cadre étroit des historiographies nationales (qu’elles soient française, portugaise ou brésilienne), le texte révèle, lorsqu’on l’intègre dans une lecture plus globale de l’histoire des échanges atlantiques, les liens entre les marins portugais et français. Entre navires européens, la concurrence peut être rude mais on se connaît, on se débauche, on échange des informations, on s’espionne aussi car les investisseurs français (ou plutôt normands) espèrent bien pouvoir eux aussi profiter de l’ouverture de la route vers les Indes orientales.https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_5
“Dominará de mar a mar, desde o rio até às extremidades da terra”. Tópicos da comunicação do poder religioso nos testemunhos escritos e visuais luso-brasileiros (séc. XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Nestola Paola
Published: January 2017

O estudo visa considerar alguns tópicos da comunicação do poder religioso através das entradas dos bispos portugueses para tomarem posse da diocese, baseando-se sobre novos exemplos analíticos e oferecendo uma leitura iconológica dos documentos visuais disponíveis. Organizadas com renovada magnificência entre a segunda metade do século XVI e a  primeira metade do XVIII, as cerimónias de adventus novi episcopi constituíram um momento de encontro político-sócio-cultural que  caracterizou a história de Portugal e dos territórios da América portuguesa na Época pós-tridentina, assim como do orbe católico. Nesses dispersos territórios além do caminho via terra, também a travessia pelo oceano podia ser um espaço que contribuía para definir o munus do neo-consagrado, antecipando e  distinguindo o seu serviço como bispo das conquistas ultramarinas.https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_6
Nacimento, vida e morte admiraveis do grande servo de Deos Gregorio Lopes, portuguez, natural da antiga Villa de Linhares: reler a estória de um homem do século XVI na História Moderna de Portugal
Authors: Nunes Lia F. A.
Published: January 2017

Este artigo procura averiguar os meandros da construção da narrativa portuguesa acerca da nacionalidade de Gregorio Lopez [c.1542-1596]. O  Venerável da Igreja Católica, primeiro anacoreta das Índias Ocidentais, fascinou diversos grupos por toda a Europa onde a sua Vida foi lida, traduzida e publicada. No caso específico de Portugal, é possível identificar dois momentos nessa leitura: a sua primeira edição em Lisboa em 1615 e a tradução para português em 1675. No rescaldo da chamada restauração daindependência do Reino, a defesa da identidade portuguesa de ‘Gregório  Lopes’ pode ser associada a uma conceção de nacionalidade mítico‑religiosa, que se baseou numa memória local. O que faz a estória de Gregorio Lopez na História de Portugal?https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_7
O império de um profeta sereno: ensaio de decifração do pensamento do padre António Vieira
Authors: Ribeiro António Vítor Sanches Ferreira
Published: January 2017

O “Quinto Império” de António Vieira tem sido alvo de inúmeras interpretações. Contudo, estas têm‑se restringido ao universo português e não têm em devida conta as influências externas exercidas sobre o jesuíta português. Simultaneamente, os aspetos mais exuberantes do seu  pensamento, como a teoria da ressurreição de D. João IV, são olhados como uma mera curiosidade atribuível à idiossincrasia do seu espírito. Esteartigo propõe‑se reconstruir, a partir de documentação inédita, a lógica presente no pensamento de António Vieira, cujas origens podem ser atribuíveis ao milenarismo protestante inglês e holandês. Pretende-se ainda mostrar que a teoria da ressurreição do rei português se insere no interior dessa mesma lógica e resulta de uma técnica de interpretaçãodas Escrituras bastante popular no mundo protestante. Finalmente, pretende-se também demonstrar que a sociedade portuguesa da época era bastante permeável a essa influência e que o caso de Vieira não foi o único.https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_8
As contas da Inquisição portuguesa: o exemplo dos tribunais de Évora e Lisboa (1701-1755)
Authors: Lopes Bruno
Published: January 2017

A partir dos relatórios de contas, elaborados anualmente por cada Mesa da Inquisição no ato de prestar contas ao Conselho Geral do Santo Ofício, pretende-se esboçar, com este trabalho, uma análise comparativa da estrutura das receitas dos tribunais de Évora e de Lisboa. Será alvo de estudo a composição das receitas inquisitoriais afetas aos tribunais, na primeira metade do século XVIII, dando ênfase a uma questão central:em que medida o confisco de bens aos sentenciados pela Inquisição contribuía para a subsistência financeira do Santo Ofício? A historiografia tem sugerido que a Inquisição contribuía com réditos financeiros para o equilíbrio das contas públicas e ao mesmo tempo autofinanciava-se a partir daqui. Há casos pontuais em que a primeira situação se verificou, sendo que o enfoque central deste trabalho não reside aqui. Não se sabe,contudo, em que medida o confisco era importante para a vida saudável dos cofres inquisitoriais. Importará, assim, analisar a composição global das rendas afetas aos tribunais, com o objetivo de compreender qual o peso do fisco.https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_9
Cotton and Wool: Textile Economy in the Serakhs Oasis during the Late Sasanian Period, the Case of Spindle Whorls from Gurukly Depe (Turkmenistan)
Authors: Kossowska-Janik Dominika Maja
Published: January 2017

Gurukly Depe is an archaeological site located in the Serakhs oasis in southeast Turkmenistan, excavated since 2010 by the Polish-Turkmen archaeological mission directed by Professor Barbara Kaim from the University of Warsaw. Most investigated structures date to the Late Sasanian Period. At the site 102 spindle whorls were found. Based on their dimensions and weight I propose that most them were likely to have been used to spin cotton. This evidence provides another indication of cotton agriculture in Central Asia before the Muslim conquest.
Relative Importance and Knowledge Distribution of Medicinal Plants in a Kichwa Community in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Doyle Brian Joseph , Asiala Caroline Michael , Fernández Diana Margot
Published: January 2017

Traditional knowledge, such as knowledge of the use of plants as medicine, influences how indigenous people manage forest resources. Gender and age-associated differences in traditional knowledge may impact forest resource management because of the traditional division of labor. We interviewed 18 men and 18 women between 9 and 74 years old in San José de Payamino, an indigenous community of the Kichwa ethnicity in the Ecuadorian Amazon, to determine if there are gender or age-associated differences in medicinal plant knowledge among the Payamino people and to identify the most important species from a sample of medicinal plants. Individuals were interviewed using a tablet that displayed images of 34 plants, which had been cited by traditional healers in the community. Quantitative analysis provided insight into the relative importance of plants in the sample as well as the distribution of medicinal plant knowledge among members of the community. The most important plants were Tradescantia zanonia and Monolena primuliflora. These plants should be considered candidates for further investigation. There was a positive correlation between age and knowledge of medicinal plants, but no significant difference between genders. Our results suggest that an interview method that relies on digital images can reveal differences in the importance of medicinal plants as well as provide insight into the distribution of traditional medical knowledge. While men and women are likely to manage forest resources similarly, younger members of the community may not have the same regard for forest resources as their elder counterparts.
Serum zinc levels and clinical severity of dengue infection in children
Authors: Yuliana Nuke , Fadil RM Ryadi , Chairulfatah Alex
Published: January 2017

Background Immunopathogenesis of dengue infection revealsthe aberrant immune response. Zinc deficiency alters immuneresponse and therefore may associated with clinical severity ofdengue infection.Objective To indentifY the relationship between serum zinc levels and clinical severity of dengue infection in children.Methods A comparative study was conducted at the Departmentof Child Health Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, from Februaryto March 2007. We included children aged ~ 14 years fulfilled theclinical criteria for dengue fever (OF), dengue hemorrhagic fever(DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) according to WHO(1997), confirmed with serologic test. Subjects were selectedconsecutively until met the sample size for each group. Serumzinc level were measured with atomic absorption spectroscopy(MS) on admission. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis andPearson chi square test. Significance was considered if P<0.05.Results The serum zinc levels were low in 47 (78.3%) children.The serum zinc level in OF, DHF, and DSS subjects were 56-81 (X±SO= 68.2±8.3) J.Lg/dL; 50-77 (X± SO = 61.6 ± 8. 7) J.Lg/dL;and35-52 (X± SO= 42.7 ± 5.4) j.tg/dL, respectively (P<0.001).The prevalence ratio ofDF to DHF and DHF to DSS were 1.444(P=0.311) and 3.353 (P=0.077), respectively.Conclusion Low serum zinc level were significantly different ineach clinical severity of dengue infection. However, low serum zinc level was not a risk factor for the development of severe dengue infection in children.
Comparison of blood plasma and gelatin solution in resuscitation of children with dengue shock syndrome
Authors: Tatura Suryadi Nicolaas Napoleon , Rampengan Novie Homenta , Mandei Jose Meky , Runtunuwu Ari Lukas , Mantik Max FJ , Rampengan Tony Homenta
Published: January 2017

Background Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) is characterized bysevere vascular leakage and hemostasis disorder. It is the cause of death in 1 to 5 percent of cases. WH 0 management guidelines for resuscitation remain empirical rather than evidence-based.Objective To find out the alternative fluids to replace plasmaleakage in DSS.Methods We performed a prospective study and randomizedcomparison of plasma and gelatin solution for resuscitation ofIndonesian children with DSS. We randomly assigned 25 subjectswith DSS to receive plasma and 25 children to receive gelatinfluid. Statistical analyse were performed using chi-square test,Fisher's exact test, t test, Mann-Whitney test.Results The increment of pulse pressure width and the decrement of hematocrit in subjects treated with gelatin were higher than that of plasma atfour-hour therapy (P=0.002 and P=0.017). Only one patient died caused by unusually manifestation of DSS. The increment of body temperature in subjects treated with plasma was higher than that of gelatin at four-hour therapy (P=O.Oll). The decrement of platelet count in subjects treated with gelatin were less than that of plasma (P=0.018). The increment of diuresis rate in subjects treated with gelatin was higher than that of plasma at twenty-hour therapy (P<O.OOOl). The decrement of respiratory rate in subjects treated with gelatin was higher than that of plasmaat twenty-eight hour therapy (P=0.018). There was no differencein studied variables : total volume rate, blood pressure, pulse rate, re-shock rate, clinical fluid overload, allergy reactions, bleeding manifestations, and length of stay (P>0.05).Conclusions Gelatin solution can be used as volume replacementin resuscitation of DSS if blood plasma is not available especiallyat four-hour therapy.
Incidence and characteristics of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in children: a preliminary study
Authors: Akura Bina , Oswari Hanifah , Supriyatno Bambang , Advani Najib
Published: January 2017

Background Antituberculosis drugs show good efficacy but have adverse effects including hepatotoxicity.Objective To find the incidence and characteristics of antituberculosis hepatotoxicity in children during the first 2 weeks of therapy.Methods A cohort study was performed in Cipto Mangunkusumo, Persahabatan, and Tangerang Hospitals from August 2008 toMarch 2009. The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) based on TB scoring system. Laboratory tests were performed including transaminase enzymes, bilirubin, y-GT, albumin, ureum, and creatinine before and after 2 weeks of treatment. Patients were monitored during the first 2 weeks of therapy. Informed consent obtained from the parents.Results Six of 81 subjects had hepatotoxicity reaction. Most of the patients were 1 to 5 years old (65%) and well nourished (50%). Extrapulmonary tuberculosis found in 67% of cases. Thirty-three percents of patients received four agents. Thirty-three percents of cases received 4 agents combined with other hepatotoxic drugs. Six subjects had hepatotoxicity (1 hepatitis, 2 mixed case, and 3 asymptomatic). Two of 50 children (4%) with pulmonary TB and 4 out of 31 ( 13%) children with extrapulmonary TB had hepatotoxicity reaction. Antituberculosis drug doses were similar between the hepatotoxicity group and control.Conclusions Incidence of antituberculosis hepatotoxicity in thefirst 2 weeks of therapy was 7%, consisted of hepatitis (1 cases), mixed (2 cases), and asymptomatic (3 cases). There was no difference in sex as well as in nutritional state distribution found in cases with hepatotoxicity.
Evaluación de las actividades de promoción de consumo de frutas y verduras en 8 países miembros de la Alianza Global de Promoción al Consumo de Frutas y Hortalizas “5 al día” – AIAM5
Authors: Moñino Manuel , Rodrigues Elena , Tapia María Soledad , Domper Alejandra , Vio Fernando , Curis Alberto , París Floria , Martínez Nuria , Sénior Adriana , Galeano Hans , Gamboa Cecilia , Alvarado Paula Elizabeth , Estradas Juan José , Rey Joaquín , Miembros de AIAM5 Resto de
Published: January 2017

Introducción: Este artículo recopila las prácticas de promoción del consumo de frutas y verduras por parte de ocho miembros de AIAM5 - Alianza Global de Promoción al Consumo de Frutas y Hortalizas “5 al día”, con el objetivo de identificar buenas prácticas en el planteamiento de estrategias, programas y actividades para la promoción del consumo de frutas y hortalizas.Material y Métodos: Se empleó un cuestionario diseñado para categorizar e identificar fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades, costo-efectividad, viabilidad, así como las prácticas de mayor potencial para adaptarse a políticas de promoción de salud nacionales. Se evaluaron cuestionarios procedentes de ocho países de la AIAM5: México, Chile, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Colombia, Bolivia, Nicaragua y España.Resultados: Una de las grandes fortalezas de las entidades que conforman AIAM5 es el prestigio y conocimiento académico, profesional y técnico que respalda sus actividades. Se evidenció la debilidad de sus estrategias por la falta de medición del impacto de sus actividades y evaluación de costo-efectividad. También se evidenció que algunas entidades que lideran programas “5 al día” son concebidas como empresas sociales con diversidad de tipos de socios y aliados.Conclusiones: Se recomienda que los miembros de AIAM5 hagan un esfuerzo para medir el impacto de las actividades e intervenciones que realicen, estableciendo objetivos cuantificables mediante indicadores que permitan evaluar el grado de alcance de las acciones llevadas a cabo. Así mismo, es recomendable que exploten el nicho de oportunidades que ofrece la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa, para alcanzar sus objetivos de promoción del consumo de frutas y verduras.
Asociación entre hábitos alimentarios e índice de masa corporal normal en soldados chilenos
Authors: Durán-Agüero Samuel , Maraboli Ulloa Daniela , Cubillos-Schmied Gonzalo , Fernández-Frías Francisco
Published: January 2017

Introducción: Se han evaluado los hábitos alimentarios de diversos grupos etarios y oficios, sin embargo, hay poca información de hábitos alimentarios en soldados. El objetivo del presente estudio es asociar hábitos alimentarios con el índice de masa corporal (IMC) normal en soldados chilenos del Regimiento Buín, Chile.Material y Métodos: Se evaluó a 412 soldados, a cada uno se le aplicó una encuesta alimentaria y una evaluación antropométrica para determinar IMC. Se consideró IMC normal cuando éste se encontraba entre 18,5 a 24,9kg/m2, IMC de sobrepeso 25,0-29,9kg/m2, e IMC de obesidad ≥30,0kg/m2, en cumplimiento a las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud.Resultados: El 41,2% de los soldados presenta IMC normal, el 43,1% presenta sobrepeso y un 15,7% se encuentra con obesidad. Sólo el 5% cumple las recomendaciones chilenas de lácteos y frutas, en cambio casi un 40% de ellos consume <1 porción diaria de estos alimentos, un 60% consume ≤1 porción de leguminosas a la semana y un 50% consume 2 o más porciones diarias de bebidas azucaradas. Se presenta una asociación positiva de tener un IMC<25 (IMC normal) con el consumo de lácteos (>1vez/día) (OR:0,41; IC95%:0,19-0,88), leguminosas (>1vez/semana) (OR:0,29; IC95%:0,14-0,60).Conclusiones: Se observa un bajo consumo de lácteos, frutas, verduras y leguminosas, y un elevado consumo de bebidas azucaradas. Además, la ingesta de lácteos y leguminosas está asociada a IMC normal.
Cambios y permanencias en las familias con padres migrantes retornados a Antioquia y el eje cafetero colombiano
Authors: Restrepo Pineda Jair Eduardo
Published: January 2017

El artículo realiza una aproximación a las familias inmersas en un proceso de migración de retorno internacional de sus padres o madres, permitiendo visibilizar las modificaciones y la reconfiguración de sus dinámicas y cómo estas afectan las relaciones, la convivencia y el funcionamiento de la vida familiar. Aspectos tales como la autoridad y la toma de decisiones, los roles de género y la proveeduría económica son los que evidencian mayores cambios para todos los miembros de la unidad familiar. En cuanto a las permanencias se destaca el hecho de que el rol del cuidador sigue estando vinculado de manera inherente a la mujer. El retorno es un proceso dinámico en el cual la comunicación, el cuidado y la proveeduría económica preparan el camino del migrante para su reincorporación a la vida familiar.
La migración internacional y las condiciones de vida: explorando el caso colombiano
Authors: Paredes María Teresa Victoria , Tovar Cuevas Luis Miguel , Ospina Galindez Johann Alexis , Tovar Ríos Diego Alejandro , Andrade Bejarano Mercedes
Published: January 2017

Este trabajo explora la relación causal entre la migración internacional y las condiciones de vida de los hogares colombianos, medidas a través de un indicador multidimensional. Se usaron los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y Salud (ENDS) del año 2010 y se estimó un modelo de regresión por Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO). Se encontró que las condiciones de vida estaban asociadas con la ubicación geográfica y la composición del hogar. El análisis descriptivo evidenció diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las condiciones de vida de los hogares con migrantes y sin migrantes en algunos departamentos del país. Sin embargo, los resultados del modelo por MCO no apoyan estos hallazgos a nivel nacional y difieren de los resultados de otras investigaciones.
A survey of the Cretaceous ammonite Placenticeras Meek, 1876, in the United States Western Interior, with notes on the earliest species from Texas
Authors: Kennedy W.J.
Published: January 2017

This contribution documents the record of the late Cretaceous ammonite Placenticeras Meek, 1876, from the late Cenomanian of Texas and the southern part of the U. S. Western Interior up to the late Middle Campanian zone of Baculites scotti, reconstructed and updated from an incomplete manuscript by the late W. A. Cobban based on the collections of the U. S. Geological Survey. The original manuscript dates from the late 1980’s, and there is now additional information on the occurrence of the genus that is incorporate here; much of this comes from Neal Larson of Hill City, South Dakota, to whom I am indebted for his help in preparing Bill’s manuscript for publication. It now provides an objective documentation of the distribution of Placenticeras in space and time on which any subsequent analysis of the evolution of the genus will depend.
The late Cenomanian oyster Lopha staufferi () – the oldest ribbed oyster in the Upper Cretaceous of the Western Interior of the United States
Authors: Hook Stephen C. , Cobban William A.
Published: January 2017

Lopha staufferi (Bergquist, 1944) is a medium-sized, ribbed, Late Cretaceous oyster with a slightly curved axis and a zigzag commissure; it appears suddenly and conspicuously in upper Cenomanian rocks in the Western Interior Basin of the United States. At maturity, the ribs on both valves thicken into steep flanks that allow the oyster to increase interior volume without increasing its exterior footprint on the seafloor. Lopha staufferi is the first (earliest) ribbed oyster in the Late Cretaceous of the Western Interior, but has no ancestor in the basin. It disappears from the rock record as suddenly as it appeared, leaving no direct descendent in the basin. In the southern part of the basin where it is well constrained, L. staufferi is restricted stratigraphically to the upper Cenomanian Metoicoceras mosbyense Zone (= Dunveganoceras conditum Zone in the north). Lopha staufferi has an unusual paleogeographic distribution, occurring in only two, widely scattered areas in the basin. It has been found at several localities near the western shoreline of the Late Cretaceous Seaway in west-central New Mexico and adjacent Arizona, and in localities 1,900 km (1,200 mi) to the northeast near the eastern shoreline in northeastern Minnesota, but nowhere in between. In west-central New Mexico and adjacent Arizona, L. staufferi is a guide fossil to the Twowells Tongue of the Dakota Sandstone.
Encrustation of inarticulate brachiopods on scaphitid ammonites and inoceramid bivalves from the Upper Cretaceous U. S. Western Interior
Authors: Landman Neil H. , Slattery Joshua S. , Harries Peter J.
Published: January 2017

The inarticulate brachiopodDisciniscais a rare faunal element in the Upper Cretaceous of the U.S. Western Interior. We report two occurrences of encrustation ofDisciniscaon a scaphitid ammonite (scaphite) and several inoceramids from the lower MaastrichtianBaculites baculus/Endocostea typicaBiozones of the Pierre Shale at two localities. Six specimens ofDisciniscaare present on a single specimen ofHoploscaphites crassusfrom east-central Montana. They occur along the furrow at the mature apertural margin. Because the brachiopods are restricted to the margin and do not occur on the rest of the shell, it is likely that they encrusted the ammonite during its lifetime. If so, this implies that the soft body of the scaphite did not cover the outside surface of the aperture, leaving this area vulnerable to epizoan attachment. A total of 13 specimens ofDisciniscaare also present on four specimens ofCataceramus?barabinifrom east-central Wyoming. The brachiopods occur in crevices on the outside of the shells and may have encrusted the inoceramids after their death as the shells began to break down and delaminate, resulting from the decomposition of the organic matrix holding them together. Based on the faunal assemblages at both localities, the presence ofDisciniscamay indicate environments with either low oxygen levels and/or few predators or competitors.
The benthic macrofauna from the Lower Maastrichtian chalk of Kronsmoor (northern Germany, Saturn quarry): taxonomic outline and palaeoecologic implications
Authors: Engelke Julia , Esser Klaus J.K. , Linnert Christian , Mutterlose Jörg , Wilmsen Markus
Published: January 2017

The benthic macroinvertebrates of the Lower Maastrichtian chalk of Saturn quarry at Kronsmoor (northern Germany) have been studied taxonomically based on more than 1,000 specimens. Two successive benthic macrofossil assemblages were recognised: the lower interval in the upper part of the Kronsmoor Formation (Belemnella obtusaZone) is characterized by low abundances of macroinvertebrates while the upper interval in the uppermost Kronsmoor and lowermost Hemmoor formations (lower to middleBelemnella sumensisZone) shows a high macroinvertebrate abundance (eight times more than in theB. obtusaZone) and a conspicuous dominance of brachiopods. The palaeoecological analysis of these two assemblages indicates the presence of eight different guilds, of which epifaunal suspension feeders (fixo-sessile and libero-sessile guilds), comprising approximately half of the trophic nucleus of the lower interval, increased to a dominant 86% in the upper interval, including a considerable proportion of rhynchonelliform brachiopods. It is tempting to relate this shift from the lower to the upper interval to an increase in nutrient supply and/or a shallowing of the depositional environment but further data including geochemical proxies are needed to fully understand the macrofossil distribution patterns in the Lower Maastrichtian of Kronsmoor.
Biostratigraphy and Inoceramus survival across the Cenomanian–Turonian (Cretaceous) boundary in the Ram River section, Alberta, Canada
Authors: Walaszczyk Ireneusz , Plint A. Guy , Kennedy William J.
Published: January 2017

The biostratigraphy of the uppermost Cenomanian – Lower Turonian succession in the lower part of the Blackstone Formation exposed in the Ram River (Alberta, Canada), is interpreted in terms of the standard inoceramid/ammonite zonation of the interval. Four successive inoceramid zones are recognized, those ofInoceramus pictus,Mytiloides puebloensis,M. kossmati, andM. mytiloides, as established in the stratotype section at Pueblo, Colorado. Their correlation to Pueblo is confirmed by ammonite data.

The mid-Early Turonian zone ofM. kossmatiyielded an assemblage ofInoceramus, with species showing close affinity to the latest Cenomanian lineages. This multi-species sample proves the survival ofInoceramuslineages into the otherwiseMytiloides-dominated Early Turonian, and indicates that their disappearance from the record of the North American Western Interior was not because of their extinction. It is suggested that the apparent lack ofInoceramusin Lower Turonian strata is due to an extremely low population abundance in the Early Turonian sea.
Administrative Burden Reduction Policies in Slovenia Revisited
Authors: Kalaš Luka , Brajnik Irena Bačlija
Published: January 2017

This article explores non-stimulating regulatory environment that can effect economic activities. Specific focus is on the so-called administrative burdens as it has been established that administrative burden reduction is an internationally used policy with questionable outcomes. This is tested on a case study of Slovenian administrative burden reduction policy concluding that administrative burdens are mostly considered unnecessary but to some extent (34.5%) also necessary, however, as a subject of possible optimisation. The most burdensome is time spent in order to comply with regulation, following successiveness of the burdens (one following the other). Additionally,based on the case study policy, we can conclude that businesses are not well informed about government administrative burden reduction policies.
Sudden Occurrence and Harmfulness of Xyleborus dispar (Fabricius) on Pear
Authors: Tanasković Snežana , Marjanović Miloš , Gvozdenac Sonja , Popović Nenad , Drašković Goran
Published: January 2017

Decline of pear trees in the region of Čačak (Serbia) is becoming a significant problem and a limiting factor in the production of this fruit species. This phenomenon may be due to the damages caused by xilophagous insects, representatives of the family Scolytidae. Economically the most important species of this family is a pear blight beetle (Xyleborus dispar), which causes symptoms of decline and/or wilting of pear trees. Such damages have not been documented so far in the region of Čačak. The aim of this study was to determine the cause of sudden appearance of pear trees decline in an orchard in this region (locality of Miokovci). The orchard has 180 trees (Stark Delicious, Santa Maria and Williams) in the sixth year of vegetation. Inspections were carried out every 30 days (20 April - 21 August 2016). Visual inspection identified X. dispar activity on 165 trees (about 92% of the trees in the orchard). Holes were registered on the trees up to a height of 160 cm and in all primary branches. The average number of entry openings on a random sample of 20 trees was 27 for the height from the soil surface to the first branch (70 cm), while it was 61 for the height up to 160 cm. The recommended treatment is eradication of pests with mandatory incineration (burning) of the collected plant material by the end of February of the following growing season. This is the first report of X. dispar as pear pests in the vicinity of Čačak.
Criminal Liability of Legal Persons in Light of the Subsidiarity of Criminal Repression
Authors: Kotlán Pavel
Published: January 2017

This paper deals with the definition of (substantive) subsidiarity of criminal repression and the possibility of its application to the criminal liability of legal persons. After defining the liability of legal persons in the relevant legal regulations, the paper presents an interpretation of subsidiarity in Section 12(2) of the Criminal Code that is significantly different from the “official” opinion. Subsequently, the paper discusses certain criminal law situations in which the application of subsidiarity would lead to the conclusion that the legal person is not punishable (“non-criminality”). The first aim was thus to present the theoretical concept of subsidiarity of criminal repression, which would be methodologically correct, and therefore generally applicable. The second objective was directed at demonstrating that this construct can be applied to specific examples of the liability of legal persons, that is, that it can be applied to the activities of the bodies in charge of criminal proceedings.
The Kazakhstan-European Union Partnership: Modernization of the Republic’s Financial System
Authors: Marczak Jarosław , Uvarova Natalya
Published: January 2017

This study examines the issue of the modernization of the Kazakh financial system considering the new, Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement with the European Union (EU) (January 19, 2015) and the Kazakh State program “Path to Europe, 2009–2011”. It describes new opportunities for the establishment of a long-term partnership and cooperation between Kazakhstan and the EU for the restructuring of Kazakhstan’s financial system and its convergence with international standards and European regulations. Specifically, this study covers the financial policy and the objectives of the Republic’s financial sector management; legislation regulating the financing activity of business entities, particularly its transparency and accessibility to foreign investors; contradictions between the legal framework of the state on financial relations and international standards, European directives, conventions, and recommendations; and the security of financing activities of European companies. This study employs general scientific methods (theoretical analysis and generalization, comparative legal, logical, etc.) and the functional approach.
Application of Molecular Imprinted Polymers for Selective Solid Phase Extraction of Bisphenol A
Authors: Poliwoda Anna , Mościpan Małgorzata , Wieczorek Piotr P.
Published: January 2017

Selective molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with bisphenol A as template were synthesized using the non-covalent imprinting approach. MIPs were prepared using thermally initiated polymerization with 1,1’-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitryle) (ACHN) as initiator and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as a cross-linking agent. The tested functional monomers included methacrylic acid, acrylamide, and 4-vinylpyridine. The selectivity of the BPA-MIP for the solid phase extraction of bisphenol A was tested in samples containing other related alkylphenols. The polymers prepared in acetonitrile using methacrylic acid or acrylamide as monomer showed the highest selectivity towards target analyte (the selectivity ratio 8:1, respectively for MIP and NIP). The proposed procedure has been proven to be an effective for selective extraction of bisphenol A in aqueous samples (recoveries over 85%) enabling detection and quantification limits of 25 and 70 μg/dm3, respectively based on 10 cm3 of sample volume, with relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 6%. The obtained molecularly imprinted material showed interesting properties for selective extraction and preconcentration of studied analyte from large volumes of aqueous samples without any problems of cartridge clogging.
“I’m Not Like Most of You Here, I’m Just an Alcoholic”: A Russian Baptist Theory of Addiction
Authors: Mikeshin Igor
Published: January 2017

In my paper I discuss alcoholics in the Russian Baptist rehabilitation ministry by comparing them to drug addicts. In the outside world, as well as in the early stages of the rehabilitation program, alcoholics and illicit drug abusers are perceived as different cultural groups. However, during the program, rehabilitants learn Russian Baptist dogma and theology, and soon afterwards the distinction becomes obsolete for them. I address narratives of distinction and the Russian Baptist response to them. Then I reconstruct the Russian Baptist theory of addiction to demonstrate why alcoholism and substance dependence are not regarded as a problem, but rather as consequences of the real problem, which is a life in sin.