bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The importance of extrinsic and intrinsic compensatory mechanisms to body posture of competitive athletes a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zwierzchowska Anna , Gaweł Eliza , Maszczyk Adam , Roczniok Robert
Published: May 2022

The aim of this systematic review (qualitative analysis) was to identify the variables of changes induced by extrinsic (sport specific training) and intrinsic (individual anatomical predispositions) compensatory mechanisms that impact on the physiological magnitude of spinal curvatures in the sagittal plane and their deviations in the frontal plane. Furthermore, the aim of the quantitative analysis was to verify and objectivize the impact of these variables on athlete’s body posture. A search of electronic database (PubMed, EBSCO, MEDLINE) was conducted to identify all studies on sports training and athlete’s spine and body posture from 2011 to 2021. In the sagittal plane, the pooled proportion accounted for 44.97% (95% CI 31.22–58.72%) for thoracic hyperkyphosis (TH), 4.98% (95% CI 1.60–8.36%) for lumbar hyperlordosis (hyperLL), and 12.35% (95% CI 1.60–8.36%) for lumbar hypolordosis (hypoLL). Furthermore, in the sagittal plane, the pooled mean of thoracic kyphosis angle was 37.59° (95% CI 34.45–40.73%), whereas lumbar lordosis angle was 29.79° (95% CI 26.46–33.12%). Professional athletes tend to have postural disturbances and/or spinal curvature disorders in the sagittal and frontal planes. The meta-analysis indicated which intrinsic and extrinsic components might induce spinal abnormalities.
Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) and Cancer Awareness Measure MYthical Causes Scale (CAM-MY) scores in Pakistani population
Authors: Munir Rimsha , Noureen Naila , Bashir Muniba , Shoaib Naila , Ashraf Arifa , Lisec Jan , Zaidi Nousheen
Published: May 2022

Lifestyle modifications could prevent almost one-third to one-half of all cancer cases. The awareness of cancer risk factors could motivate people to make such changes in their behaviors and lifestyles. This work aims to investigate the cancer awareness level in the Pakistani population. Telephone interviews of 657 individuals in Pakistan were carried out using the Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) and Cancer Awareness Measure–MYthical Causes Scale (CAM-MY). We observed that participants scored significantly better on the CAM scale than the CAM-MY scale, and CAM scores were negatively associated with CAM-MY scores. Years of formal education or a biology major at undergraduate or graduate level did not affect our population's cancer awareness levels. Age displayed a weak but statistically significant negative association with CAM scores. Most participants failed to identify modifiable cancer risk factors, e.g., low physical activity. Efforts should be made to improve awareness of modifiable risk factors. We observed that brief training sessions could markedly improve people's understanding of cancer risk factors and myths.
MRA Toolbox v. 1.0: a web-based toolbox for predicting mixture toxicity of chemical substances in chemical products
Authors: Kim Jongwoon , Seo Myungwon , Choi Jiwon , Na Minju
Published: May 2022

The chemical risk assessment paradigm is shifting from “substance-based” to “product/mixture-based” and from “animal testing” to “alternative testing” under chemical regulations. Organisms and the environment may be exposed to mixtures rather than a single substance. Conducting toxicity tests for all possible combinations is impractical due to the enormous combinatorial complexity. This study highlights the development and application case studies of Mixture Risk Assessment Toolbox, a novel web-based platform that supports mixture risk assessment through the use of different prediction models and public databases. This integrated framework provides new functional values for assessors to easily screen and compare the toxicity of mixture products using different computational techniques and find strategic solutions to reduce the mixture toxicity in the product development process. The toolbox (https://www.mratoolbox.org) includes four additive toxicity models: two conventional (Concentration Addition; and Independent Action) and two advanced (Generalized Concentration Addition; and Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship-based Two-Stage Prediction) models. We demonstrated the multiple functions of the toolbox using three cases: (i) how it can be used to calculate the mixture toxicity, (ii) those for which safety data sheet (SDS) only indicating representative toxicity values (EC50; and LC50), and (iii) those comprising chemicals with low toxic effects.
The optimal duration for the wrinkle test in a clinical setting
Authors: Grinbaum Erez , Shahwan Ahmad , Eliyahu Amir , Shay Ravit , Rozen Nimrod , Rubin Guy
Published: May 2022

To determine the time needed or the development of a positive result on the wrinkle test among patients with complete laceration of a digital nerve in a clinical setting. We prospectively recruited 20 patients who had undergone surgery for digital nerve laceration. The wrinkle test was conducted at a follow-up session up to 2 months after surgery, and the time to a positive wrinkling result was recorded. The wrinkle test was compared between the patient’s injured versus uninjured contralateral finger. The average time required for a positive result on the wrinkle test was 24.5 min (± 11), with 25% patients requiring 40 min to obtain a positive result. When evaluating a patient with digital nerve injury in a "non-laboratory" environment, the wrinkle test may require up to 40 min to obtain a positive result. Our study suggests that if tests are completed following the generally accepted time limit reported in the literature (30 min), up to 25% of tests may produce false negative results.
Quantitative evaluation of emphysema for predicting immunotherapy response in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Noda Yoshimi , Shiroyama Takayuki , Masuhiro Kentaro , Amiya Saori , Enomoto Takatoshi , Adachi Yuichi , Hara Reina , Niitsu Takayuki , Naito Yujiro , Miyake Kotaro , Koyama Shohei , Hirata Haruhiko , Nagatomo Izumi , Takeda Yoshito , Kumanogoh Atsushi
Published: May 2022

The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) might depend on the presence of emphysema, but this association is not established. We aimed to investigate if quantitively and automatically measuring emphysema can predict the effect of ICIs. We retrospectively analyzed 56 patients with NSCLC who underwent immunotherapy at our hospital. We used the Goddard scoring system (GS) to evaluate the severity of emphysema on baseline CT scans using three-dimensional image analysis software. The emphysema group (GS ≥ 1) showed better progression-free survival (PFS) than the non-emphysema group (GS = 0) (6.5 vs. 2.3 months, respectively, p < 0.01). Multivariate analyses revealed that good performance status, GS of ≥ 1, and high expression of PD-L1 were independently associated with better PFS, while smoking status was not. In conclusion, quantitative evaluation of emphysema can be an objective parameter for predicting the therapeutic effects of ICIs in patients with NSCLC. Our findings can be used to generate hypotheses for future studies.
Nsun4 and Mettl3 mediated translational reprogramming of Sox9 promotes BMSC chondrogenic differentiation
Authors: Yang Lin , Ren Zhenxing , Yan Shenyu , Zhao Ling , Liu Jie , Zhao Lijun , Li Zhen , Ye Shanyu , Liu Aijun , Li Xichan , Guo Jiasong , Zhao Wei , Kuang Weihong , Liu Helu , Chen Dongfeng
Published: May 2022

The chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has been used in the treatment and repair of cartilage defects; however, the in-depth regulatory mechanisms by which RNA modifications are involved in this process are still poorly understood. Here, we found that Sox9, a critical transcription factor that mediates chondrogenic differentiation, exhibited enhanced translation by ribosome sequencing in chondrogenic pellets, which was accompanied by increased 5-methylcytosine (m5C) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels. Nsun4-mediated m5C and Mettl3-mediated m6A modifications were required for Sox9-regulated chondrogenic differentiation. Interestingly, we showed that in the 3’UTR of Sox9 mRNA, Nsun4 catalyzed the m5C modification and Mettl3 catalyzed the m6A modification. Furthermore, we found that Nsun4 and Mettl3 co-regulated the translational reprogramming of Sox9 via the formation of a complex. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays showed that this complex was assembled along with the recruitment of Ythdf2 and eEF1α-1. Moreover, BMSCs overexpressing Mettl3 and Nsun4 can promote the repair of cartilage defects in vivo. Taken together, our study demonstrates that m5C and m6A co-regulate the translation of Sox9 during the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which provides a therapeutic target for clinical implications.
High efficiency laser-driven proton sources using 3D-printed micro-structure
Authors: Qin Chengyu , Zhang Hui , Li Shun , Wang Nengwen , Li Angxiao , Fan Lulin , Lu Xiaoming , Li Jinfeng , Xu Rongjie , Wang Cheng , Liang Xiaoyan , Leng Yuxin , Shen Baifei , Ji Liangliang , Li Ruxin
Published: May 2022

Fine structured targets are promising in enhancing laser-driven proton acceleration for various applications. Here, we apply 3D-printed microwire-array (MWA) structure to boost the energy conversion efficiency from laser to proton beam. Under irradiation of high contrast femtosecond laser pulse, the MWA target generates over 1.2 × 1012 protons (>1 MeV) with cut-off energies extending to 25 MeV, corresponding to top-end of 8.7% energy conversion efficiency. When comparing to flat foils the efficiency is enhanced by three times, while the cut-off energy is increased by 32%. We find the dependence of proton energy/conversion-efficiency on the spacing of the MWA. The experimental trend is well reproduced by hydrodynamic and Particle-In-Cell simulations, which reveal the modulation of pre-plasma profile induced by laser diffraction within the fine structures. Our work validates the use of 3D-printed micro-structures to produce high efficiency laser-driven particle sources and pointed out the effect in optimizing the experimental conditions.
Responses of human gut microbiota abundance and amino acid metabolism in vitro to berberine
Authors: Fu Yousi , Wang Yali , Wang Xingguo , Sun Yidan , Ren Jianlin , Fang Baishan
Published: May 2022

In vitro fermentation of human gut microbiota treated with berberine (BBR) revealed that the microbiota composition of Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus, amino acids of tyrosine, serine and l-glutamic acid were notably affected.
Biomaterial-based treatments for the prevention of preterm birth after iatrogenic rupture of the fetal membranes
Authors: Avilla-Royo Eva , Ochsenbein-Kölble Nicole , Vonzun Ladina , Ehrbar Martin
Published: May 2022

Fetal membrane rupture remains the main complication after fetoscopic interventions. Several biomaterial-based strategies have been employed for the prevention of preterm birth.
A phenolic based tumor-permeated nano-framework for immunogenic cell death induction combined with PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Sun Xiaoyan , Zhang Jiulong , Xiu Jingya , Zhao Xiufeng , Yang Chunrong , Li Dan , Li Kexin , Hu Haiyang , Qiao Mingxi , Chen Dawei , Zhao Xiuli
Published: May 2022

We fabricated a novel tumor permeated nano-framework for cancer immunotherapy by immunogenic cell death inhibition together with PD-L1 blockade.
Sodium tungsten bronze-supported Pt electrocatalysts for the high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Li Jin , Wang Jiajun , Liu Yu , Yuan Changzhou , Liu Guilong , Wu Naiteng , Liu Xianming
Published: May 2022

NaxWO3 nanotube bundle was fabricated as a support for hosting Pt nanoparticle. Benefitting from the metal–support interaction, the optimal catalyst shows excellent activity with 46 mV overpotential at −100 mA cm−2, superior to the commercial Pt/C.
Cerium-oxo clusters for photocatalytic aerobic oxygenation of sulfides to sulfoxides
Authors: Lv Xinjie , Zhao Xiao-li , Zhao Qixin , Zheng Qi , Xuan Weimin
Published: May 2022

Cerium-oxo clusters were constructed for photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides with high selectivity and yield.
Reactivity studies on lanthanum and cerium hydrido metallocenes
Authors: Yi Chengkun , Wu Lingfeng , Chen Liang , Ren Wenshan
Published: May 2022

The reactivity of lanthanum and cerium hydrido metallocenes generated in situ by treating alkyl complexes with 9-BBN, which results in the formation of a series of lanthanide derivatives, was investigated.
A new bis(thioether)-dipyrrin N2S2 ligand and its coordination behaviors to nickel, copper and zinc
Authors: Wu Tengdie , Wang Shen , Lv Yongxing , Fu Tianyue , Jiang Jinhai , Lu Xin , Yu Zhipeng , Zhang Jie , Wang Lianke , Zhou Hongping
Published: May 2022

A new tetradentate N2S2 ligand containing a central dipyrrin donor functionalized with two thioether-substituted aryl units forms nickel, copper and zinc complexes with various coordination spheres.
Oxygen-vacancy-rich nickel hydroxide nanosheet: a multifunctional layer between Ir and Si toward enhanced solar hydrogen production in alkaline media
Authors: Shen Junxia , Fan Ronglei , Wang Yongjie , Zhou Ju , Chen Cong , Wei Zhihe , Ju Sheng , Qian Tao , Peng Yang , Shen Mingrong
Published: May 2022

Oxygen-vacancy-rich nickel hydroxide nanosheets as a multifunctional layer between Ir and Si toward enhanced solar hydrogen production in alkaline media.
A food web bioaccumulation model for the accumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in fish: how important is renal elimination?
Authors: Sun Jennifer M. , Kelly Barry C. , Gobas Frank A. P. C. , Sunderland Elsie M.
Published: May 2022

We present a whole-body aquatic food web bioaccumulation model for perfluoroalkyl acids and two alternatives. Results highlight structure-dependent mechanisms, including phospholipid partitioning, blood plasma protein binding, and renal elimination.
Evaluation of anti-cancer and anti-metastatic effects of folate-PEGylated niosomes for co-delivery of letrozole and ascorbic acid on breast cancer cells
Authors: Bourbour Mahsa , Khayam Nazanin , Noorbazargan Hassan , Tavakkoli Yaraki Mohammad , Asghari Lalami Zahra , Akbarzadeh Iman , Eshrati Yeganeh Faten , Dolatabadi Aghigh , Mirzaei Rad Fatmeh , Tan Yen Nee
Published: May 2022

Fighting with cancer requires the delivery of different therapeutics to the target cancerous cells by taking advantage of the synergistic effects of complementary medicine.
Changing the surface properties with a “click”: functionalization of DLP-printed structures exploiting residual acrylate functions
Authors: Cosola Andrea , Chiappone Annalisa , Sangermano Marco
Published: May 2022

This work highlights a method of post-functionalization of DLP-printed parts which takes advantage of unreacted acrylate functions as active sites to afford a variety of surface modifications.
Heterojunction bilayers serving as a charge transporting interlayer reduce the dark current and enhance photomultiplication in organic shortwave infrared photodetectors
Authors: Shin Chanho , Li Ning , Seo Bogyeom , Eedugurala Naresh , Azoulay Jason D. , Ng Tse Nga
Published: May 2022

This work modifies the charge-transporting layer in organic photodiodes to a heterojunction bilayer. The bilayer design facilitates photomultiplication and suppresses the dark current to enhance detectivity and contrast in upconversion imagers.
Horizons Community Board collection: antimicrobial materials and surfaces
Authors: Insua Ignacio , Martín-Fabiani Ignacio
Published: May 2022

A themed collection on antimicrobial materials and surfaces, guest edited by Materials Horizons and Nanoscale Horizons Community Board members Ignacio Martín-Fabiani and Ignacio Insua.
The application of omics techniques to evaluate the effects of Tanshinone IIA on dextran sodium sulfate induced ulcerative colitis
Authors: Zhu Guoxue , Wu Xiaoqian , Jiang Shujun , Wang Yi , Kong Desong , Zhao Yang , Wang Wang
Published: May 2022

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the most frequent disease classified under the umbrella term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with potentially serious symptoms and devastating consequences for the affected patients.
Atropisomeric 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene/bibenzyl trimers with anti-inflammatory and PTP1B inhibitory activities from Bletilla striata
Authors: Sun Mohan , Ma Xianjie , Shao Siyuan , Jiang Jianwei , Li Jiaan , Tian Jinying , Zhang Jianjun , Li Li , Ye Fei , Li Shuai
Published: May 2022

Two pairs of novel trimeric dihydrophenanthrene–bibenzyl–dihydrophenanthrene enantiomers, together with three rare polymers were isolated from Bletilla striata. Some compounds showed significant anti-inflammatory and PTP1B inhibitory activities.
Environmentally friendly domino multicomponent strategy for the synthesis of pyrroloquinolinone hybrid heterocycles
Authors: Mani Suresh , Raju Rajesh , Raghunathan Raghavacharry , Arumugam Natarajan , Almansour Abdulrahman I. , Kumar Raju Suresh , Perumal Karthikeyan
Published: May 2022

An efficient and elegant assembly of pyrene/aryl fused pyrrolo[2,3-b]quinolinone and pyrrolizino[3,2-b]quinolinone hybrid heterocycles was achieved via a domino multicomponent reaction strategy using a solid state melt reaction (SSMR) condition.
Effects of the secondary air inlet position and gasifying agents on grape branch gasification in an improved downdraft gasifier
Authors: Huai Lusheng , Zhang Fengxia , Yang Shiliang , Liu Huili , Wang Hua , Hu Jianhang
Published: May 2022

Gasification experiments on grape branches were carried out in a self-improved downdraft gasifier at 800 °C, under atmospheric pressure, using air, steam, and air–steam as gasifying agents.
Fabrication of heterogeneous chemical patterns on stretchable hydrogels using single-photon lithography
Authors: Im Haeseong , Heo Eunseok , Song Dae-Hyeon , Park Jeongwon , Park Hyeonbin , Kang Kibum , Chang Jae-Byum
Published: May 2022

A curved, chemically heterogeneous hydrogel is achieved by patterning on the highly stretchable hydrogel.
Fabrication of ultra-thin, flexible, dendrite-free, robust and nanostructured solid electrolyte membranes for solid-state Li-batteries
Authors: Dubey Brahma Prakash , Sahoo Asit , Thangadurai Venkataraman , Sharma Yogesh
Published: May 2022

The developed nano-engineered NSPC membranes exhibit high flexibility, good electrochemical stability, high thermal endurance, and high mechanical strength, making them a promising choice for solid-state lithium batteries.
Research on integrated safety assessment model of electric vehicle charging process
Authors: Sun Lei , Ma Yong , Li Xiaohan , Guo Dongliang , Liu Jianjun , Wu Peng , Xiao Peng
Published: May 2022

With the rapid development of electric vehicles (EV), the problem of charging safety is a multifaceted and complex issue. Taking the integration of electric vehicle charging as the research object, including power batteries, charging piles, and power distribution grids, charging data is collected based on data mining technology. At the same time, the factors affecting charging safety are analysed, and an integrated index set is established and optimised. The comprehensive fuzzy evaluation method is used to comprehensively analyse the monitoring data of the electric vehicle charging process, the weight is determined based on the grey correlation method and the expert scoring mechanism, and an integrated evaluation model of the electric vehicle charging process is established. Analyse five sets of charging data in Nanjing through calculation examples, and output the integrated health degree of the electric vehicle charging process so that the equipment can be maintained in a targeted manner, which effectively proves the practicability and reliability of the assessment model.
Statistical properties and correlation length in star-forming molecular clouds
Authors: Jaupart E. , Chabrier G.
Published: May 2022

Observations of molecular clouds (MCs) show that their properties exhibit large fluctuations. The proper characterization of the general statistical behavior of these fluctuations, from a limited sample of observations or simulations, is of prime importance to understand the process of star formation. In this article, we use the ergodic theory for any random field of fluctuations, as commonly used in statistical physics, to derive rigorous statistical results. We outline how to evaluate the autocovariance function (ACF) and the characteristic correlation length of these fluctuations. We then apply this statistical approach to astrophysical systems characterized by a field of density fluctuations, notably star-forming clouds. When it is difficult to determine the correlation length from the empirical ACF, we show alternative ways to estimate the correlation length. Notably, we give a way to determine the correlation length of density fluctuations from the estimation of the variance of the volume and column-density fields. We show that the statistics of the column-density field is hampered by biases introduced by integration effects along the line of sight and we explain how to reduce these biases. The statistics of the probability density function (PDF) ergodic estimator also yields the derivation of the proper statistical error bars. We provide a method that can be used by observers and numerical simulation specialists to determine the latter. We show that they (i) cannot be derived from simple Poisson statistics and (ii) become increasingly large for increasing density contrasts, severely hampering the accuracy of the high end part of the PDF because of a sample size that is too small. As templates of various stages of star formation in MCs, we then examine the case of the Polaris and Orion B clouds in detail. We calculate, from the observations, the ACF and the correlation length in these clouds and show that the latter is on the order of ~1% of the size of the cloud. This justifies the assumption of statistical homogeneity when studying the PDF of star-forming clouds. These calculations provide a rigorous framework for the analysis of the global properties of star-forming clouds from limited statistical observations of their density and surface properties.
Statistical properties and correlation length in star-forming molecular clouds
Authors: Jaupart E. , Chabrier G.
Published: May 2022

In the first article of this series, we have used the ergodic theory to assess the validity of a statistical approach to characterize various properties of star-forming molecular clouds (MCs) from a limited number of observations or simulations. This allows the proper determination of confidence intervals for various volumetric averages of statistical quantities obtained form observations or numerical simulations. We have shown that these confidence intervals, centered on the statistical average of the given quantity, decrease as the ratio of the correlation length to the size of the sample gets smaller. In this joint paper, we apply the same formalism to a different kind of (observational or numerical) study of MCs. Indeed, as observations cannot fully unravel the complexity of the inner density structure of star forming clouds, it is important to know whether global observable estimates, such as the total mass and size of the cloud, can give an accurate estimation of various key physical quantities that characterize the dynamics of the cloud. Of prime importance is the correct determination of the total gravitational (binding) energy and virial parameter of a cloud. We show that, whereas for clouds that are not in a too advanced stage of star formation, such as Polaris or Orion B, the knowledge of only their mass and size is sufficient to yield an accurate determination of the aforementioned quantities from observations (i.e. in real space). In contrast, we show that this is no longer true for numerical simulations in a periodic box. We derive a relationship for the ratio of the virial parameter in these two respective cases.
Numerical modeling, simulation and evaluation of conventional and hybrid photovoltaic modules interconnection configurations under partial shading conditions
Authors: Saeed Faisal , Tauqeer Haider Ali , Gelani Hasan Erteza , Yousuf Muhammad Hassan , Idrees Asad
Published: May 2022

Partial shading on solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays is a prevalent problem in photovoltaic systems that impair the performance of PV modules and is responsible for reduced power output as compared to that in standard irradiance conditions thereby resulting in the appearance of multiple maximas on panel output power characteristics. These maxims contribute to mismatch power losses among PV modules. The mismatch losses depend on shading characteristics together with different interconnected configuration schemes of PV modules. The research presents a comparative analysis of partial shading effects on a 4 × 4 PV array system connected in series (S), parallel (P), serries-parallel (SP), total-cross-tied (TCT), central-cross-tied (CCT), bridge-linked (BL), bridge-linked total cross-tied (BLTCT), honey-comb (HC), honey-comb total-cross-tied (HCTCT) and ladder (LD) configurations using MATLAB/Simulink. The PV module SPR-X20-250-BLK was used for modeling and simulation analysis. Each module is comprised of 72 number of PV cells and a combination of 16 PV modules was employed for the contextual analysis. Accurate mathematical modeling for the HCTCT configuration under partial shading conditions (PSCs) is provided for the first time and is verified from the simulation. The different configuration schemes were investigated under short-narrow, short-wide, long-narrow, long-wide, diagonal, entire row distribution, and entire column distribution partial shading condition patterns with mathematical implementation and simulation of passing clouds. The performance of array configurations is compared in terms of maximum power generated (Pmp), mismatch power loss (ΔPml), relative power loss (Prl) and the fill factor (FF). It was inferred that on average, TCT configuration yielded maximum power generation under all shading patterns among all PV modules interconnection configurations with minimum mismatch power losses followed by hybrid and conventional PV array configurations respectively.
Quantifying the performance gain of 100 cm2 bifacial four terminal perovskite-Si tandem modules
Authors: Manshanden Petra , Coletti Gianluca , Rosca Victor , Jansen Mark J. , de Groot Koen , de Graaff Gertjan J. , Creatore M. , Simurka Lukas , Najafi Mehrdad , Zardetto Valerio , Dogan Ilkar , Fledderus Henri , Veenstra Sjoerd C.
Published: May 2022

Improving the performance of solar modules requires the implementation of both spectral and directional irradiance optimization. The performance of bifacial four-terminal tandem minimodules with a 100 cm2 area is reported, both indoor and outdoor measurements. We demonstrate a 24.5 mW/cm2 (bifacial irradiance 200 W/m2) bifacial tandem power density, measured according to a tandem adapted IEC60904-1-2 protocol, which constitutes a 3 mW/cm2 gain with respect to monofacial use. In addition, we show that in outdoor measurements bifacial four terminal tandems outperform identical monofacial four terminal tandems by 26% on average, depending on incident angle, injection level and temperature, in a 10% albedo environment. The average gain is higher for outdoor performance than for indoor performance, due to variations in relative rear irradiance.
Emotional Labor and Education Career Development in the Age of Big Data
Authors: Qi Fei , Zhang Lei
Published: May 2022

With the development of psychology research field, researchers and educators increasingly pay attention to teachers' emotional labor in the workplace. This paper mainly studies the development of emotional labor language vocational education for university teachers in the workplace in the era of big data. Through the class questionnaire survey, it is found that the emotional labor level of college teachers is significantly higher than the norm of emotional labor of primary and secondary school teachers in China. Positive and negative emotional experience exist simultaneously. Teachers' professional self-identification level and personal sense of achievement are good, and job burnout of different degrees is common. In the process of emotional labor, the deep acting strategy was mainly adopted and the level of emotional labor perception was better. The emotional labor of teachers in colleges and universities can be jointly assisted by enhancing their emotional restraint, clarifying the rules of emotional expression and improving the emotional labor environment.
Research on the Teaching Mode of Ideological and Political Education with the Integration of Information Technology and Teaching
Authors: Wang Dong , Zhao Xia , Wang Hongwei
Published: May 2022

In the context of wisdom education, actively promote the application of modern information technology and ideological and political education and teaching, forming a new ideological and political education ecology, by giving full play to the advantages of the application of new media and new technology, it makes ideological and political teaching more vivid and flexible, and fully promotes the attraction and interest of ideological and political teaching. Based on the analysis of the logical basis of the teaching integration of ideological and political courses, this paper puts forward the predicament of the teaching integration of information technology and teaching and puts forward some suggestions.
Design of Multimedia College English Teaching System Based on Virtual Technology
Authors: Duan Qingxiang
Published: May 2022

With the development and application of virtual technology, we should integrate it with college English teaching to construct intelligent and three-dimensional English classroom and increase the interactivity of English learning, give students more vivid learning space. By designing a multimedia college English teaching system based on virtual technology, the English teaching pattern will be vividly upgraded. Based on the types of multimedia college English teaching system based on virtual technology, this paper puts forward the design scheme and application strategy of Multimedia College English teaching system.
Integration Practice of Modern Information Technology in English Teaching
Authors: Li Gang , Li Wenyi , Li Bing
Published: May 2022

By integrating modern information technology into English teaching, we can improve the efficiency of English classroom teaching in an all-round way, and at the same time create a life scene which is easy for students to understand, to stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm to participate in English learning, and to help English teaching activities to achieve a comprehensive breakthrough. Therefore, we must realize the important position of modern information technology in English teaching, give full play to the advantage of information technology application, and promote English teaching to realize the intelligent reform. Based on the advantages of integration and application of modern information technology in English teaching, this paper systematically explores the practical approach of integration of modern information technology in English teaching.
Research on the Development of Art and Rural Culture Revitalization from the Perspective of New Media Communication
Authors: Fang Yong , Liang Jianhui
Published: May 2022

New Media is the witness of rural culture revitalization, and also an important force to promote rural culture revitalization. With the development and application of new media becoming more and more mature, it will be on the basis of enriching rural cultural life in an all-round way by giving full play to the advantages of new media carrier and communication, and promoting the deep integration of the revitalization of art and rural culture, keep the vitality of artistic creation, and consolidate the ideological foundation of rural revitalization. Based on the study of new media communication, this paper systematically discusses the development value and implementation strategy of art and rural culture revitalization and integration.
The Transformation and Upgrading of English Teaching Modernization under the Background of Information Technology
Authors: Zhang Lijuan
Published: May 2022

With the development of Information Technology, English teaching system has realized intelligent innovation and all-round development, especially by paying attention to students' learning demands and integrating all kinds of teaching resources, it realizes the essential optimization of English teaching ecology. Therefore, based on the mature application of information technology, it is of great practical significance to focus on the transformation and upgrading of English teaching modernization. Based on the trend of modernization and transformation of English teaching under the background of information technology, this paper puts forward some corresponding upgrading strategies and suggestions.
Modular curriculum design under German vocational training standards
Authors: Wu Min , Liu Ping
Published: May 2022

With the international development of vocational education, cultivating international high-end technical and skilled talents who meet the requirements of modern industrial development and have international competitiveness has become an important responsibility of current vocational colleges. By introducing the German “duale Ausbildung ”education mode and learning from the IHK vocational qualification certification examination method, the two sets of teaching standards in the German“duale Ausbildung ”education, J Mechatronics framework teaching plan and Mechatronics vocational training rules, are integrated to establish a curriculum design that meets the requirements of the enterprise’s professional post ability, and “double tutors” or “multi tutors” cooperate with modular teaching, Reform and innovate the way of curriculum assessment and evaluation, and cultivate high-quality and highly skilled talents.
A study on the implementation of online assessments in college English teaching
Authors: Cai Ying
Published: May 2022

With the development of information technology, online assessments have been widely adopted in College English. Up to date, the majority of studies pertaining to online assessments have been about assessment environments and invigilating, as well as the benefits deriving from online assessments. However, there is a lack of studies with regards to the candidates’ experience and views on online assessments and the impact of online assessments on their grades. After collecting the data from results of three tests taken by 126 candidates, a questionnaire survey was designed for all of them and 20 relevant candidates were interviewed, it was thus found that online assessments do have a negative impact on the performance and the candidates prefer traditional testing on paper.
Problems and countermeasures of online teaching in the post-epidemic era
Authors: Li Ce
Published: May 2022

The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has accelerated the transition of offline teaching to online teaching at colleges and universities in China which are speeding up the construction of information and intelligent education. Offline teaching is conducive to constructing a new type of education and talent training paradigm in the intelligent era. Through literature review and investigations, it is found that in the post-epidemic era, online teaching still has some problems, such as insufficient information technology guarantee, insufficient interaction between teachers and students, single teaching effect evaluation indicators and students’ poor self-discipline. To cope with the above-mentioned challenges, this paper has proposed the following suggestions for online teaching in the post-epidemic era: increase investment in information infrastructure, improve teachers’ information literacy and online teaching ability in an all-round way, update and improve the academic evaluation system and enhance students’ independent learning ability. All those suggestions aim to promote online teaching and create a new model of college education.
Research on road vehicle and lane line detection based on improved YOLOv4-tiny algorithm
Authors: Liu Hanwen , Wang Hongxia , Zhou Kui , Long Yun
Published: May 2022

In order to improve the speed of road vehicle and lane line detection, a road vehicle and lane line detection method with improved YOLOv4-tiny algorithm is proposed by using K-means++ clustering algorithm instead of the original K-means algorithm. Using the Mosaic data enhancement method, four images are randomly deflated and then stitched into one image to enrich the detection target background. The optimal weight values are derived by multi-scale training using the GPU through image feature extraction of the BDD10K dataset to achieve the detection of vehicle and lane line targets in the images. The results show that the improved YOLOv4-tiny algorithm achieves a detection speed of 134 FPS and an average accuracy of 77.84% mAP in highway lane line detection. After comparison, the detection speed of the improved algorithm is significantly improved, effectively improving the efficiency of highway vehicle and lane line detection.
Research on ideological and political connotation of digital media education under the background of new liberal arts
Authors: Zhao Shuting , Zhao Zihao
Published: May 2022

To imminently better the ability of college education to favor social and economic development, professional building of digital media major is exposed to upcoming opportunities and challenges, amid the newly unveiled new liberal arts construction. Featuring interdisciplinary integration, digital media major should take timely actions to transform the requirements for talent training, adjust the professional orientation to adapt to the times, and set new goals. Taking the digital media technology and digital media art majors of Shandong Xiehe University as examples, this paper dissects the correlation between the new liberal arts and digital media majors, deficiencies of ideological and political construction of digital media majors, and the ideological and political education and teaching of digital media majors in the new context, thereby providing reference for the construction of digital media majors.
Research on the improvement of teachers’ “SiChuang” education and teaching ability in higher vocational colleges under the new engineering background
Authors: Dong Xiangli , Qin Zhangwei
Published: May 2022

The cultivation of talents in the new engineering era has put forward new requirements for higher vocational education. The improvement of teaching ability of teachers in Higher Vocational Colleges plays an important role in the process of talent training. Teacher is the direct participants of teaching, and should coordinate with the orientation of cultivating new engineering talents. Teachers of traditional curriculum teaching content and teaching methods can’t meet the demand of the new talents cultivation, It is urgent to integrate ideological and political elements, innovation and entrepreneurship education elements into the curriculum. This poses a challenge to teachers’ ability of “SiChuang”. This paper mainly expounds the research on the improvement of teachers’ “SiChuang” education and teaching ability in Higher Vocational Colleges from the research background, research content and research significance. In the process of learning professional knowledge, students can subtly shape their correct core values, innovation and entrepreneurship consciousness, thinking and ability. Realize the goal of “Three-wide Education”and cultivating people with virtue.
Piezo-optomechanical cantilever modulators for VLSI visible photonics
Authors: Dong Mark , Heim David , Witte Alex , Clark Genevieve , Leenheer Andrew J. , Dominguez Daniel , Zimmermann Matthew , Wen Y. Henry , Gilbert Gerald , Englund Dirk , Eichenfield Matt
Published: May 2022

Visible-wavelength very large-scale integration photonic circuits have a potential to play important roles in quantum information and sensing technologies. The realization of scalable, high-speed, and low-loss photonic mesh circuits depends on reliable and well-engineered visible photonic components. Here, we report a low-voltage optical phase shifter based on piezo-actuated mechanical cantilevers, fabricated on a CMOS compatible, 200 mm wafer-based visible photonics platform. We show linear phase and amplitude modulation with 6 Vπ cm in differential operation, −1.5 to −2 dB insertion loss, and up to 40 dB contrast in the 700–780 nm range. By adjusting selected cantilever parameters, we demonstrate a low-displacement and a high-displacement device, both exhibiting a nearly flat frequency response from DC to a peak mechanical resonance at 23 and 6.8 MHz respectively, which, through resonant enhancement of Q ∼ 40, further decreases the operating voltage down to 0.15 Vπ cm.
Heat dissipation in partially perforated phononic nano-membranes with periodicities below 100 nm
Authors: Massoud Antonin M. , Lacatena Valeria , Haras Maciej , Dubois Emmanuel , Monfray Stéphane , Bluet Jean-Marie , Chapuis Pierre-Olivier , Robillard Jean-François
Published: May 2022

Understanding how thermal-phonon paths can be shaped is key for controlling heat dissipation at the nanoscale. Thermophononic crystals are periodic porous nanostructures with thermal conductivity deviating from effective medium theory, which is possible if the characteristic sizes are of the order of phonon mean free paths and/or if phonons are forced to flow in privileged directions. We investigate suspended silicon nanomembranes with a periodic array of partially perforated holes of original paraboloid shape, with all characteristic lengths below 100 nm. Results from scanning thermal microscopy, a thermal sensing technique derived from atomic force microscopy, indicate that partial perforation of the membranes impacts heat conduction moderately, with the holey crystals showing a thermal conductivity reduction by a factor 6 in comparison to the bulk and a factor 2.5 in comparison to the non-perforated membrane. The impact of the phononic shapes is analyzed in light of a complementary Monte Carlo ray-tracing estimate of the effective phonon mean free paths that include multiple phonon reflection and highlights phonon backscattering.
Does wildlife crossing infrastructure work? A case study of three canopy-bridge designs and exclusion fencing from Moreton Bay Regional Council, Queensland
Authors: Baker C. , El Hanandeh A. , Jones D.
Published: May 2022

Although fauna crossing structures have been installed throughout the world, most studies have been of underpasses and overpasses. Canopy-bridges, however, have received much less attention. In addition, although exclusion fencing is used extensively, its effectiveness has rarely been assessed. Since 2015, Moreton Bay Regional Council (MBRC), in southern Queensland, Australia, has installed various mitigation structures at 21 sites. This study compared the use of different designs of canopy-bridge and assessed the effectiveness of exclusion fencing via camera monitoring and roadkill records. A total of 3151 detections of five arboreal species were made on the canopy-bridges at an average of 0.51 crossings per day for both rope cages and rope ladders and 0.64 on rope cages and 0.77 on rope ladders when a poorly used bridge of each type was excluded. A single aluminium ladder had 33 crossings (0.15 crossings per day) but was available for only a short time. Roadkill rates of all species declined by 84% at sites with underpasses and fencing compared to 93% at sites without, but only 39% at control sites. This may be due to the canopy-bridges or the addition of complementary infrastructure, such as signage, pavement stencilling and driver awareness.
Halogenation of calix[4]arenes by [I(py)
Authors: Hahn Peter , Köhler Till , Börner Martin , Kersting Berthold
Published: May 2022

The iodination of calix[4]arene and one of its monofunctionalised derivatives by bis(pyridine)iodonium(I) triiodide, [I(py)2]I3·2I2 has been studied. The iodination reactions proceed in good yields at room temperature (r.t.) without any co-reagents affording the corresponding tetra- and tri-substituted calix[4]arenes. Only electron-rich phenol groups are iodinated by [I(py)2]I3·2I2. Phenolether or Schiff-base type arene rings remain unaffected. The crystal structure of the iodination reagent, first published in 1961, has been re-determined which a higher precision. The crystal structures of the two per-iodinated calix[4]arenes show that self-inclusion occurs in the solid state.
Morphological and physiological traits of roots and their relationships with shoot growth and grain yield in direct-seeded rice in northeastern China
Authors: Liu Yueyue , He Chunyu , Gai Dongsheng , Geng Yanqiu , Guo Liying , Shao Xiwen
Published: May 2022

Context In recent years, direct-seeded rice (DSR) cultivation methods have been widely adopted in Asia. Aims The objective of this study was to evaluate the grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and associated plant traits of DSR in northeastern China. Methods A 2-year field experiment was conducted using two varieties under three cultivation methods (1) conventional transplanted rice (CTR); (2) wet direct-seeded rice (WDSR); and (3) dry direct-seeded rice (DDSR). Key results The grain yield of CTR and DSR ranged from 10.16 to 9.39 t ha−1 and from 8.85 to 6.90 t ha−1, respectively, accross varieties and years. The wide difference was attributed to the differences in spikelet number per panicle and biomass. Compared with the CTR, the DSR decreased the spikelet number per panicle, which resulted in lower spikelet number per m2. Meanwhile, a significant positive correlation was observed between spikelet number per m2 and nitrogen uptake. The nitrogen uptake of CTR and DSR ranged from 151 to 153 kg ha−1 and from 96 to 132 kg ha−1, respectively. The root biomass, root length and zeatin + zeatin riboside contents in roots were higher in CTR than DSR, which contributed to the higher nitrogen uptake. Conclusions These results suggest that DSR reduced nitrogen uptake, thereby resulting in decreased number of spikelets per panicle, and hence lower rice grain yield. Implications These findings have highlighted the deficiencies in direct seeded rice system, and further research is required to overcome these deficiencies.