bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Interleukin- 34 together with Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kB ligand and Osteoprotegrin levels in Periodontal Disease
Authors: Amin Noor Ul , Qureshi I. Saleem , Naeem Sana , Jan S. Hassan , Khan Kamal , Khan Riaz , Amin Sadia , Sahar Tahira
Published: July 2021

Aim: To compare the levels and relative ratios of Interleukin-34, osteoprotegrin, and factor kB ligand in the crevicular fluid of individuals with periodontal disease. Study design & setting: Randomized Clinical Trial, Frontier Medical And Dental College, Abbotabad Methodology: We enrolled 15 healthy subjects (Group I), 15 patients with chronic periodontal disease (Group II) and 15 patients with aggressive periodontal disease (Group III). At baseline and six weeks after NSPT, crevicular fluid and clinical measures were made. The GCF IL-34, factor kB ligand, and osteoprotegrin levels were measured by using ELISA and their relative ratios were computed. Result: Group II and III had significantly higher crevicular fluid IL-34 and factor kB ligand levels than the Control group (I), although crevicular fluid with osteoprotegrin levels was significantly decreased (P<0.05). GCF, IL-34, and RANKL levels reduced in Groups II and III six weeks after NSPT, although OPG concentrations increased statistically (P<0.05). Significantly positive association was observed between IL-34 and factor kB ligand, clinical attachment level, and gingival index, but not with osteoprotegrin. Conclusion: Gingival crevicular fluid IL-34 levels were elevated in individuals with periodontal disease and lowered during non surgical intervention, and its levels correlated positively with the factor kB ligand and osteoprotegrin ratios, clinical attachment level, and gingival index. Keywords: Periodontitis, IL-34, osteoprotegrin
Characteristics and Outcome of Adult Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Farooq Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Aim: To evaluate the characteristics and outcome of patients with community acquired pneumonia admitted to a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan. Study design: Retrospective observational study Place and duration of study: Department of Pulmonology, Bolan Medical College Quetta from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2018. Methodology: Two hundred and ninety three patients were enrolled. Baseline demographics and characteristics, clinical features, complications and mortality were recorded for each patient at a tertiary care hospital of Quetta. Results: There were 170 (58%) male patients with mean age 61.74±16.15 years. The average length of hospital stay was 4.88±4.0 days. Fifty nine (20.2%) had COPD, 65 (22.2%) were active smokers and 54 (18.4%) were ex smokers. The parapneumonic effusion during the course of the disease was found to be 49 (16.7%). Fourteen (5.8%) of the patients had empyema. Forty eight (16.4%) patients among the study population died during their hospital stay. Conclusion: The community acquired pneumonia has high mortality rate and high frequency of complications like parapneumonic effusion and empyema among the patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan. Keywords: Community acquired pneumonia. Parapneumonic effusion, Empyema
Educational Efficacy of Diverse Strategies on Knowledge and Skill of Nursing Regarding Neonatal Resuscitation
Authors: Liaqat Mishal , Hussain Muhammad , Afzal Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Background: The educational efficacy in resuscitation could be improved by enhancing instructional design through different innovative approaches especially in resource-limited settings. Aim: To determine the educational efficacy of diverse strategies on knowledge and skill of nursing students regarding neonatal resuscitation. Study design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and duration of study: School of Nursing, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore from 1st November 2020 to 30th April 2021. Methodology: Sixty-five nursing students of 1st and 2nd professionals were selected. The education on neonatal resuscitation consists of diverse educational strategies including didactic lecture, video, simulation, and self-practice sessions in the simulation laboratory of a public school of nursing in Lahore, Pakistan. The data on knowledge and skill was assessed two times before and after the intervention. Results: The study showed a significant (p<0.001) change in knowledge and skill after education. Nearly, all students had poor knowledge and skill before education. The knowledge had been improved as 40.0%of students achieved good, and 53.3% achieved fair knowledge level. Conclusion: The diverse educational strategies in neonatal resuscitation significantly improve nursing students' knowledge and skill. Keywords: Neonatal resuscitation, Education, Nursing students, Knowledge, Skill
Teachers’ Perceptions of the Ugandan Secondary School Islamic Religious Education Syllabi
Authors: Nimulola Maimuna Aminah
Published: July 2021

This study explored teachers’ perceptions of the appropriateness of the Islamic Religious Education (IRE) secondary school syllabi and the challenges therein. A combination of stratified and cluster sampling techniques were used to select 234 IRE teachers from 124 secondary schools in Uganda. A cross-sectional survey design was used and data was collected using closed- and open-ended questionnaire. Data was analysed by descriptive statistics and interpreted using Benjamin Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives. Findings indicate that: teachers enjoyed teaching low level and practical topics and found difficulties teaching abstract, philosophical and computational-based ones; the affective components of the IRE syllabi were not being appropriately addressed; teachers’ limited competency in Arabic Language was an obstacle in handling of technical topics; and that the IRE syllabi were quite broad compared to the time allocated to their implementation. The implications to teacher educators is that more skills in Arabic Language and practice in handling particular topics should be given to pre- and in-service teachers. The IRE syllabi should be revised to accommodate contemporary issues.
Koruma Evlerinde Okul Öncesi Çocukluk Dönemindeki Çocukların Mekan İhtiyacında Tekstil Ürünlerinin Rolü
Authors: Kavut İsmail Emre
Published: July 2021

Koruma evlerinin kurulum aşamaları, amaç ve koşulları coğrafyamız içinde değişiklik gösterse de bütün koruma evleri öksüz, yetim ve sahipsiz çocuklara sahip çıkıp ve hayata hazırlamak amacıyla kurulurlar. Bu yüzden dolayı yetimhaneler bahsedilen çocuklar için en yüksek fayda ve işlemi sağlayacak şekilde tasarlanması gereken yapı kompleksleridir. Bir birey olarak, zihinsel ve fiziksel gelişimin henüz tamamlanmadığı erken çocukluk döneminde çevresel ve mekânsal etkiler büyük bir önem taşır. Bu çalışmada koruma evlerinde kalan okul öncesi çocukluk dönemindeki çocukların görsel algı gelişimine uygun mekan tasarımının nasıl olması gerektiği, tasarımın çocukların algı davranışsal performansı üzerine etkileri ve bu tasarımda tekstil ürünlerinin rolü ortaya konacaktır.
Bilinçdışının Temsil Nesnesi Olarak Mekan Kavramı
Authors: Sıkı Pelin , Arayıcı Osman
Published: July 2021

Özne mekana maruz kalarak algılamakta ve kendi bilişsel sistemi içerisinde mekanı zihinsel örüntüye oturtarak kavramaktadır. Kavranan mekan, ona maruz kalan öznenin bilinçdışına dokunur. Bilinçdışına dokunan mekan artık onu tasarlama eylemi aracılığıyla var eden öznenin; bilinçdışı temsil aktarımı olduğu gibi ona maruz kalan öznenin de bilinçdışı içeriğinin kendini bulduğu bir temsil nesnesi olarak gerçeklik dünyasında yer edinmektedir. Mekan, düşün edimi aracılığıyla tasarlama eylemine maruz kalarak dönüşen bir sınırlandırma yahut sınırı aşma alanı olarak; öznenin bilinçdışında konumlanmaktadır. Özne mekanı tanımlamakta ve ilişkilendirmektedir. Mekan onu tasarlama edimine maruz bırakan özne ile onu paylaşan özneye etkir. Özne, mekanı; mekan, özneyi bilişsel içerikleri dahilinde tanımlamaktadır. Mekan, özneyi temsil ederken; özne, eksiliğinin tamamlayıcı temsilini mekanda bulur. Bilinçdışı, öznenin arayışını tetikleyerek; eksikliğin temsil nesnesini mekana aktarır. Mekan ona bakan özne ile var olur. Nesne, öznenin varlığına içkindir. Bilinçdışının nesne atfında bulunduğu mekan; anlam kazanmak için onu anlamlandıran bir varlığa ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Öznenin sınırı ise mekanın sınırlarına yahut sınırsızlığına tabi olduğu kadar bilişsel süreçlerinin sınırlarına da bağımlı olarak algı düzeylerini oluşturmaktadır. Bu algı ağı bakımından mekan, temsil nesnesi olarak; bilinçdışının arayışına bir cevap niteliğinde var olur.
A study of hotel sector efficiency in the Canary Islands
Authors: Ledesma Rodríguez Francisco José , Lorenzo Alegría Rosa Mª , Martín Rivero Raquel
Published: July 2021

This research focuses on the analysis of the efficiency of hotel supply in the Canary Islands. To do this, data on tourist accommodation from an exhaustive official survey of the hotel sector are used for the years 2010 and 2015. A production frontier is calculated by means of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), both from a single-product and multi-product perspective. This allows an estimation of the technical and scale efficiencies in the Canary Island hotel sector and technical efficiency scores for each hotel. Also, a simple descriptive analysis of explanatory variables of inefficiency is carried out: size, quality and location. Results suggest that there is certainly room for improvement hotels located in the Canary Islands in terms of technical efficiency. The smallest and the largest hotels achieve the highest levels of technical efficiency, highest stars hotels obtain the lowest levels of efficiency and hotels located in tourist municipalities present higher technical efficiency than those situated in the islands’ capitals.
The Offer of Tourist Experiences in buenos Aires by Airbn6. Analysis of its Territorial Distribution
Authors: Massin Thomas , Raspeño Horacio
Published: July 2021

In a context of touristic metropolization, symbolized by "live like a local" experiences, tourist information is increasingly produced by different actors. In this article, taking as a case study the metropolitan region of Buenos Aires, we analyze the offer of tourism experiences produced by Airbnb and by the local governments belonging to the metropolis. A cartography of this information allows us to obtain two results: first, the offer of tourism experiences is limited to a small part of the metropolitan territory; second, the offer by local governments is more numerous and has a greater spatial distribution than that of Airbnb. Both results are considered as contradicting Airbnb's "authenticity" rhetoric.
Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Analyses of Sida acuta Leaf Extracts on Selected Wound Isolates
Authors: Jimoh Fausat Abimbola , Aborisade Wakili Tope
Published: July 2021

Medicinal plants have been intensively screened for their bioactivity in order to treat various diseases in human. This study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial and phytochemical properties of Sida acuta leaf extracts against selected wound microbes. The plant extracts were obtained sequentially using n-hexane, aqueous and acetone respectively in order of increasing polarity. The extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecium, Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using agar-well diffusion method. The sensitivity of the test organisms to the extracts was represented by zones of inhibitions (mm) at different concentrations. There was corresponding increase in the zones of inhibitions (mm) on the test organisms as the concentration of the extracts increased from 64 mg/ml – 512 mg/ml. Among the plant extracts, the aqueous extract of Sida acuta leaf revealed significantly higher zones of inhibitions (mm) from 7.50±2.12 - 25.00±1.40 on all isolates. This was closely followed by the acetone extract while the n-hexane extract produced the lowest zones of inhibitions (mm) on all the test organisms except for Acinetobacter baumannii which has 9.80±0.42 at the concentration of 512 mg/ml. Results obtained on the phytochemical analyses of the aqueous and acetone extracts revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids. Hence, the antimicrobial effects of Sida acuta leaf extracts has been revealed in this study, therefore its controlled use should be encouraged in the treatment of wounds and other infections caused by these microorganisms.
 
Keywords: Antimicrobial properties, Isolates, Phytochemical analyses, Sida acuta
Time Dependent- Density Functional Theory calculations on frequency-dependent photophysical properties of 2, 3-diphenylcyclopropenone
Authors: Adeoye Maryam Dasola
Published: July 2021

Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT/B3LYP/6-31G*) calculations have been performed on the optimized structure of 2, 3-diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) in the UV region of the spectra; giving energies, oscillator strength, dipole moment, Âµ and polarizability, Î± in solvents of different polarities. The study was also extended to the number of transitions, frontier orbital energy gaps (ELUMO - EHOMO) analysis of this strained ring donorâ€“acceptor (D-A) molecular system to calculate its ionization potential (I), electron affinity (EA) and global hardness (Î·) in the solvent of choice. This aids in understanding the relationship between the structure and properties of this molecule.TD-DFT/B3LYP/6-31G* calculation results, when compared with the reported experimental studies results of the solvatochromic shift properties of this molecule, showed ten excited singlet states for DPCP in the UV region. This indicates minimum overlap of the electronic transition bands computationally. The increased Î”ELUMO-HOMO (4.09 - 4.31eV), I and Æž, the lower dipole moments and polarizability values as solvent polarity increased, suggests high stability of this compound in polar solvents. The excess polarizabilities obtained for its singlet excited states show that the excited state of this compound is more polar than its ground state, and that, the molecule is chemically active.
The Dynamic of Heterosexual Transmission of HIV-AIDS Model with Treatment
Authors: Bashiru Kehinde Adekunle
Published: July 2021

A Mathematical Model of HIV/AIDS with Heterosexual transmission in the presence of treatment was examine in this paper, it ascertained the impact of treated individuals on the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS. Equilibrium points of the model system were found, stability analysis and numerical simulation were carried out, it was discovered that HIV/AIDS can die out with test of time as Ro < 1 . It was observed that the model had a disease free equilibrium which was asymptotically stable for Ro < 1 and unstable for Ro > 1. Graphical representations of the numerical analysis showing the effect of treatment on the model were also presented.
A Rule-Based Expert System for Pest Control in Maize Plant.
Authors: Adebola Abdulsalami Baseerat , Jayeola Akinsanya Barakat
Published: July 2021

Maize crop (Zea Mays), also known as corn, is the most widely cultivated plant and popular cereal grains in Nigeria that had found its usage in every home either as food for human beings or feed for animals, and importantly, raw material for food processing industries. It grows across a range of agro-ecological zones in Nigeria. The incidence of crop pest had been one of the major challenges faced by the farmers, resulting in low yield of crop production, both in quality and quantity. Another major challenge is that majority of farmers lack key knowledge in identifying plant diseases. Awkwardly, such knowledge typically resides within a few experts and is not easily accessible to farmers. Farmers initially necessitate to useful advices for diagnosing the various pests and diseases confronting the crops, before being able to implement a suitable treatment or control measures. To make this knowledge more widely available, a rule-based Expert System (ES) was designed and implemented in this paper. The ES comprises of a diagnosis system that detects pest in maize plant; an information system that gives facts about maize and pests, with their control measures; and finally an expert advice on maize plant cultivation. To make the system more user-friendly, an image database was integrated with it. The system was developed using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP and Bootstrap. The application can supply information on 17 pests that affect maize plant in Nigeria, and their respective treatments.
Assay-Guided Extraction and Kinetics of Radical Scavenging Activity of Curcumin from the Rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn
Authors: Akolade Jubril Olayinka , Oloyede Hussein O.B. , Aliyu Amuzat Olalekan , Akande Sarah Abimbola , Ganiyu Aderoumu Ibrahim , Onyenekwe Paul Chidozie
Published: July 2021

Extraction of phytoceuticals from medicinal plants need to be optimized to produce standardized, dose-dependent and reliable extracts to meet food or drug administration regulations for translation into approved nutraceutical or pharmaceutical products. Effect of selected limiting extraction variables on yield and antiradical activity of curcumin-rich extract from Curcuma longa rhizomes was investigated. Assay-guided response (free radical scavenging activity) was used to determine the optimized set of extraction parameters. Curcumin-rich extract was produced using solvent boiling process at 65 oC with absolute methanol of weight ratio 1:50 (w/v) within 1 h. Relative radical scavenging activity of the extract derived using the optimized set of parameters recorded an IC50 of 497 Î¼g/ml and its total antiradical capacity determined within 6 h (76 - 85 % at a concentration of 400 â€“ 600 Î¼g/ml) was not significantly different from that of commercially available natural curcumin used as reference. Time-dependent kinetic analysis revealed an initial fast burst in rate of activity (2.27 â€“ 7.77 min-1) followed by a slow reaction rate in a steady second phase (0.12 â€“ 0.54 min-1). Conclusively, appreciable amount of curcumin-rich extract of enhanced antiradical activity was extracted from the rhizome of C. longa using assay-guided procedure.
Comparative Analysis of Back-propagation Neural Network and K-Means Clustering Algorithm in Fraud Detection in Online Credit Card Transactions
Authors: Abdulsalami B.A. , Kolawole A. A. , Ogunrinde M.A. , Lawal M , Azeez R.A. , Afolabi A.Z.
Published: July 2021

The ubiquitous nature of the internet had been a major driving force of the digital transformation in our world today. It has necessarily become the main medium for conducting electronic commerce (e-commerce) and online transactions. With this development, various means of possible payment methods have also emerged, such as electronic cash/ cheques, debit/credit cards, and electronic wallets. However, debit/credit cards are by far the most common payment methods employed. As a result, different credit card fraud activities have rapidly increased all over the world and are still evolving. This menace has drawn a lot of research interest and a number of techniques, with special emphasis on Data Mining, Expert System and Machine Learning (ML), as a means of identifying fraudulent behaviors. This paper examines and investigates two ML algorithms trained on public online credit card datasets, to analyze and identify fraudulent transactions. The BPNN and the K-means clustering ML algorithms were designed and implemented using Python Programming Languages. It was determined that the BPNN has a much higher accuracy of 93.1% as compared to the K-means which has an accuracy of 79.9%. Other metrics used to evaluate their performance also shows that the BPNN algorithm outperformed K-means algorithm, while the low prediction time of K-means gave it an advantage over the BPNN.
Experimental investigation of hydrodynamic phenomena in vertical-upward adiabatic two-phase flow conditions
Authors: Tuan Dinh Anh , Nam Pham Tuan , Oanh Nguyen Tu
Published: July 2021

In order to investigate hydrodynamic phenomena in two-phase flow conditions in nuclear safety analysis, a series of two-phase flow experiments were conducted using a single flow channel in which air and water were simultaneously injected into the test section. The experiments under atmospheric pressure conditions were carried out with the water velocity and the air velocity covering the ranges from 0.2 to 1.5 m/s and 0.05 to 0.2 m/s, respectively. The technique of two-sensor conductivity probe was used for the measurement of bubble parameters. The experimental results presented and analyzed in this study are the local time-averaged void fraction and bubble velocities at three axial positions L/D = 14.4, 51.2 and 71.3.
DESAFIOS NA EDUCAÇÃO PARA O ENSINO DAS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS NA SALA DE AULA
Authors: FERREIRA DE FARIA ANA PAULA
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo busco apresentar uma reflexão sobre o contexto da educação para as relações étnico-raciais propondo a reflexão e a compreensão que se torna imprescindível numa sociedade que se fundamenta na democracia a reflexão sobre conceitos que apresentam uma perspectiva pedagógica no Brasil contemporâneo, em prol do combate do ainda existente mito da democracia racial no país. O artigo busca constatar a realidade brasileira, no que diz respeito as ações na área da educação, que estão sendo construídas para repensar os saberes considerando tempo, espaço e atualidade trazendo a urgência da efetiva aplicação da Lei Federal nº 10.639, aprovada em 9 de janeiro de 2003, que estabelece a obrigatoriedade do ensino das culturas e histórias africana e afro-brasileira nas escolas de toda a nação.
O PAPEL DA AFETIVIDADE NO PROCESSO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL
Authors: DOS SANTOS DANIELA
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de demonstrar a importância da afetividade no processo de desenvolvimento infantil, evidenciando a função da família e dos professores durante esse processo, é a partir do vínculo afetivo que bebês e crianças conseguem se desenvolver harmoniosamente, emoção, sentimentos e cognição caminham juntos. A metodologia desta pesquisa será quantitativa com caráter exploratório tendo embasamento dos seguintes teóricos, Dantas, Rossini, Alves, Cunha, Martinelli, Roudinesco, Elsen, Pestalozzi, Vygotsky e Oliveira. Diante desses autores fica explicito o quanto a afetividade é capaz de influenciar no desenvolvimento humano, o afeto gera energia para a motivação dos bebês e das crianças que está em pleno desenvolvimento, é um grande protagonista do ato de ensinar e aprender facilitando a interação e a convivência entre as pessoas, independente da condição do indivíduo a afetividade se faz presente em sua vida.
PEDAGOGIA HOSPITALAR
Authors: PONTTES DE PAULA LEYLLE KELL
Published: July 2021

A Pedagogia Hospitalar apresenta-se como um recurso primordial para o escolar hospitalizado, já que quando uma criança se encontra na qualidade de internada, toda a sua trajetória é, de certa forma interrompida de súbito, o que pode gerar muitas vezes ansiedade, frustração e até mesmo trauma de diversas origens. Infelizmente o número de pedagogos atuando em hospitais é muito pequeno, apesar da eficácia comprovada entre os hospitais que atuam com esses profissionais. Contudo, os voluntários e palhaços profissionais têm uma grande aceitação entre as crianças, levando-lhes alegria e entretenimento. Em geral, a Pedagogia hospitalar visa suprir as necessidades básicas cognitivas e sensitivas das crianças e adolescentes, tanto para manter o equilíbrio emocional, quanto para impedir a defasagem de aprendizagem que se dá ao afastamento escolar em longo prazo, transmitindo ao educando segurança e capacidade de desenvolvimento em todos os âmbitos.
ARTES VISUAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: ALFABETIZAÇÃO, LUDICIDADE E PRÁTICA EDUCATIVA
Authors: SIMÕES ROCHA MARILENE
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como linha de pesquisa a relação entre as metodologias lúdicas e as aulas de Artes na Educação Infantil. A importância deste estudo justifica-se pela necessidade de compreensão acerca da importância das atividades lúdicas no processo de aprendizado das crianças. O objetivo principal deste artigo é: Analisar de que forma a Arte desenvolvida a partir de uma abordagem lúdica, contribui para o processo de aprendizagem dos alunos na Educação Infantil. Ao longo desse trabalho de pesquisa, o foco da investigação estará diretamente ligado ao seguinte problema: Até que ponto o ensino de Artes ganha destaque e importância no processo de ensino aprendizagem na Educação Infantil? A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada se constituiu de levantamento de leituras sobre o tema, resultando na elaboração do referencial teórico desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, tomando como principais referências os Mello (2018), Almeida et al. (2017), Souza (2016), Soares (2014), entre outros. Por meio dos procedimentos da pesquisa chegou-se ao resultado de que as Artes Visuais podem contribuir em muito para o processo de alfabetização, uma vez que as metodologias de alfabetização de crianças pequenas que possuem melhores resultados são aquelas que promovam a associação entre imagens e códigos linguísticos, as letras e palavras. Concluindo-se, portanto, que o contato com a imagens, produto da Arte Visual, no processo de alfabetização, estimula a criança a desenvolver o domínio sobre a leitura e a escrita, caracterizando assim, a relevância das Artes Visuais para a prática educativa na Educação Infantil.
OS NEGROS E AS COTAS
Authors: RAMOS DO NASCIMENTO UCHOA MELISSA
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a importância da inserção da política de cotas na inclusão de afrodescendentes, pardos e negros nas universidades públicas brasileiras por meio de uma ação afirmativa que, realmente, vá fazer a diferença na vida destes grupos que, por muito tempo, foram relegados ao segundo plano. Esses grupos foram excluídos de um contexto que melhorasse suas vidas e que os levassem a superar barreiras que foram historicamente postas desde os tempos da escravidão. O povo negro que aqui chegou, foi submetido a uma forma de vida precária: na pobreza e sem perspectivas de futuro. Futuro que, por sua vez, só seria possível conseguir através dos estudos, e a faculdade é uma ponte para conseguir galgar degraus mais altos. Esse estudo visa analisar se a política de cotas cumpre fielmente seu papel inclusivo, tornando-se aqui uma ação afirmativa a curto e longo prazo com consequências positivas a todos os afrodescendentes.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO: QUANDO COMEÇA? E O PAPEL DA ESCOLA?
Authors: MENDES DE OLIVEIRA LOPES MIRIAM
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta como temática algumas ponderações sobre a escola e seu papel no que concerne a leitura e a escrita. O contexto escolar é sem dúvida o principal veículo para integração, socialização, busca do conhecimento, fatores estes fundamentais nos dias de hoje. A escrita e a leitura por sua vez são sustentáculos de uma vida digna em sociedade. Contudo, por sua vez torna-se cada vez mais um grande desafio para as crianças ler e escrever, pois as propostas curriculares dos municípios, muitas vezes estão destoadas das expectativas dos aprendentes, causando traumas e afastamento destes do âmbito escolar, pelo fato não se apropriarem da leitura e da escrita. Para tanto e percebendo estas dificuldades é importante aceitarmos que existem fases para o desenvolvimento da escrita e que para cada criança o progresso manifesta-se de acordo com o seu tempo, justamente pelo fato de as crianças serem diferentes umas das outras. Neste trabalho trataremos do olhar da escola para o processo de alfabetização e a sua possível atuação frente a ela.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DAS ESCOLAS DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E AS CONCEPÇÕES DE PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA
Authors: TEIXEIRA BERGER ROSANGELA
Published: July 2021

Educação infantil é um termo que se refere ao período de tempo desde o nascimento de uma criança até o momento em que ela entra no jardim de infância. É um momento importante na vida das crianças, porque é quando elas aprendem a interagir com outras pessoas, incluindo colegas, professores e pais, e também começam a desenvolver interesses que permanecerão com elas por toda a vida. É uma época em que as crianças aprendem habilidades sociais e emocionais críticas e é formada uma parceria entre a criança, seus pais e o professor. Quando isso é feito com sucesso, estabelece as bases para que continue durante toda a educação da criança. Interagir com crianças pequenas é emocionante e inspirador! Com o apoio da escuta ativa e dos hábitos da mente, que oferecem diretrizes morais para que as crianças coexistam e desenvolvam atitudes positivas, a escola de Educação Infantil deve criar um ambiente de amor, respeito, cuidado e alegria.
Feasibility Study of Off-Grid Sustainable Energy System for Coastal Bhasan Char to Rehabilitate Rohinga Refugees
Authors: Azim S.M. Zia Ul , Uzzal Mohammad Mohiuddin , Saleque Ahmed Mortuza , Rahman Md Abdur
Published: July 2021

Government of Bangladesh (GoB) is implementing an emergency humanitarian project at coastal island Bhasan Char under Hatiya of Noakhali District, from September 2017 to temporarily rehabilitate a portion of incoming Rohinga refugees before they can repatriate to their home land, Myanmar. Under this project, GoB will carry out land development, construction of embankment as well as other infrastructures. This study is aimed at providing partial basic energy support to the government’s initiative of rehabilitating 103,200 Rohinga refugees. Under the study, we check the feasibility of establishing off-grid sustainable energy system. We also perform the financial analysis of the proposed energy system by considering 20 years life-span of the project. Our study shows that annual average solar insolation in Bhasan char is 4.82kWh/m2/day and daily bright sunshine hour varies from 3 hours to 11 hours. Wind flow data of Bhasan char shows the average annual wind speed of 3.74m/s which is available round the clock and throughout the year. These data justify the suitability of environment friendly off-grid solar energy system as well as wind energy system for Bhasan Char. However, considering the effective generation hours, to diversify energy sources and basing on analysis result using HOMER (Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources) software – we are proposing a hybrid energy system with 40% contribution from wind and rest 60% from solar. Our financial analysis of the project shows a total cost of 43.848 Crore (USD 0.525 Crore) over 20-year life span. Therefore, a BDT 2.192 Crore/year is quite economical and justifiable, considering the long-term impact that it might provide to displaced 103,200 refugees as well as the solution that we are providing to adverse negative socio-economic impact on Bangladesh from Rohinga issue.
The Design and Implementation of an Autonomous Waste Sorting Machine Using Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Chowdhury Shirazush Salekin , Hossain Nahian Binte , Saha Tamal , Ferdous Jannatul , Zishan Md. Saniat Rahman
Published: July 2021

In a world where the population is inevitably increasing, waste produced is progressively increasing as well. In this project, an autonomous waste sorting machine was made which could detect multiple classes of waste materials, and then separate them accordingly. The waste products were taken as input in a funnel-shaped structure and dropped one by one to a conveyor belt where they would be detected by machine learning technique using Faster-RCNN, and then a servo motor would separate them according to the detection result. In rare cases, there are some misdetections of the waste materials, but the reliability of the detection was very high. Our project can facilitate human efforts to separate waste products and can make the waste sorting system completely automatic.
An Overview of Image Processing Techniques for Detecting COVID-19 and Other Infectious Diseases
Authors: Islam Raiyan , Uddin Shihab , Sakib Jamil Mahmud , Islam Md. Shariful , Ahmed Tanvir
Published: July 2021

Modern-day medical activities and disease recognition systems are mostly based on the usage of modern technologies. Image processing system is one of the most usable and highly valuable technologies which is used in numerous amount of disease detection process. In this paper, a review will be given based on detecting several infectious and cancerous diseases of different organs in a human body through applying different types of image processing techniques. Image processing system consists of several numbers of image processing techniques which apply to a different category of data and resources. The infectious diseases in a human body possess a certain amount of area in any organ of a human body. Modern medical science of these days is very much advanced that x-ray images, CT or MRI scan images can provide a digital image of a human figure and with the help of these images infections can easily be detected by applying image processing techniques to make sure certain region is affected. A detailed overview will be provided in this review that are the most used image processing techniques to get accurate results on detecting different types of infectious diseases.
Nursing student community engagement barriers, facilitators and satisfaction: Perceptions of community champions
Authors: Chen Evangeline , Kim Naun , Webster Emily , Bocage Claire , Lipman Terri H.
Published: July 2021

Nursing students could benefit professionally by participating in community engagement, but barriers to student involvement in community engagement exist. Community Champions, a nursing student-led, faculty-mentored service-learning group, promotes local outreach and engagement with a variety of community initiatives for nursing students. The purpose of this study was to examine former and current Community Champions perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to participating in community engagement initiatives, as well as their satisfaction with the community engagement initiatives. The study used a 14-item survey, consisting of both Likert-scale items and open-ended questions. Of the 130 Community Champions invited to complete the survey, 40 Community Champions responded (30.8% response rate). Quantitative responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative responses were reviewed for themes to generate future recommendations for program improvement. Respondents rated Community Champions highly and reported personal and professional benefits to community engagement.  Reasons for program satisfaction were synthesized into “opportunities for interactions with diverse community members”, “stress relief”, and “professional development”; reasons for program dissatisfaction were summarized as “disorganization of community sites”, “competing academic priorities”, and “lack of information”. Academic student programs that engage the community can positively impact both the community partners and university students.
A Comparative Analysis of the “Garden” and “Forest” Images in Tang Xianzu’s and Shakespeare’s Plays
Authors: Fan Xiaohong , Yang Xinfan
Published: July 2021

On the basis of the relevant research status at home and abroad and in-depth study of the drama texts, combining with Chinese and Western cultural traditions, social backgrounds, and the creative thoughts of playwrights, this paper compares and analyzes the similar characteristics, different artistic functions and underlying reasons of the “garden” image and the “forest” image in Tang Xianzu’s and Shakespeare’s plays.
The Opinions of Preschool Teachers Regarding the Values of Turkish Children and Syrian Refugee Children
Authors: Yilmaz Ayşe Duran , Ömeroğlu Esra
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine the opinions of preschool teachers regarding the values of Turkish children and Syrian refugee children. Phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in this study. The study group of the research consisted of twenty-four pre-school teachers working in different cities, namely Adıyaman, Kilis, Şanlıurfa, Gaziantep, and Hatay, where refugees live intensely. Purposeful sampling method was used to determine the participants of the study. The data of the study were obtained by using semi-structured interview form. The analysis of the data of the research was made by deductive content analysis. The findings of this research reveal that Turkish children and Syrian children generally show similarities behaviors according to the values of respect, responsibility, cooperation, friendship, and helpfulness. In addition, it has been stated that Turkish children and Syrian children display negative behaviors according to the values of self-control and tolerance.
A Place-Based Approach to Sustainable Communities: A Case Study from Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile)
Authors: Mischen Pamela A. , Lipo Carl P.
Published: July 2021

The failure to account for temporal and spatial contingencies leads to attempts to apply universals to the needs and constraints of communities that may or may not be appropriate. Here, we argue that taking a place-based approach offers a way of incorporating local context to solve issues of sustainability at the scale of communities. We demonstrate this approach with Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile), a famous Polynesian island often associated with arguments for non-sustainability. Through detailed analyses of the island’s historical context and interviews with present-day governance leaders, we draw three conclusions. First, culture, governance, economy, environment, and equity, often described as “pillars” of sustainability, are inseparable and therefore better described as dimensions of sustainability. These factors are part of the place in which sustainable communities exist and must be integrated into analyses. Second, our findings demonstrate that we must adopt standards for sustainable communities that can change through time. What would have been considered sustainable in prehistoric times is no longer considered sustainable today. Third, globalization can be viewed as a driving force behind these changing views of sustainability. Furthermore, globalization has had both positive (e.g. access to health, education, and economic resources) and negative (e.g. threat to a culture of sustainability) impacts on Rapa Nui.
Mujeres inmigrantes latinoamericanas: procesos de agencia en contextos de vulnerabilidad
Authors: Contreras Hernandez Paola Andrea , Alcaide Lozano Vanessa
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo analiza la agencia de las mujeres latinoamericanas que residen en la ciudad de Barcelona (España). Teóricamente, se trabajó con las aportaciones en torno al concepto de agencia, resistencia y vulnerabilidades. Metodológicamente, se apostó por las historias de vida con el objetivo de reconstruir las experiencias que han influido en las trayectorias del colectivo de estudio. Los resultados evidencian que, a pesar de enfrentar un contexto social, económico y jurídico-normativo adverso, las mujeres inmigrantes muestran una disposición a revertir o transformar dicho escenario con prácticas cotidianas de resistencia, las cuales nos han permitido definir una tipología de agencia.
SPECIAL ISSUE: SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF THE IV INTERNATIONAL CAPARICA CONFERENCE IN ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE (IC2AR 2021)
Authors: Capelo J. L.
Published: July 2021

SPECIAL ISSUE: SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF THE IV INTERNATIONAL CAPARICA CONFERENCE IN ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE (IC2AR 2021)
Overview of the Global Prevalence and Diagnostic Criteria of Takotsubo Syndrome
Authors: Taiwo Shogade , Akpabio Akpabio
Published: July 2021

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acute and reversible abnormal condition of the heart also known as stress cardiomyopathy, apical ballooning syndrome, or broken heart syndrome. It is an uncommon disease that mostly occurs among Asians though studies have shown its occurrence in other parts of the world. The typical takotsubo syndrome patient has a unique circumferential left ventricular contraction abnormality that extends beyond a coronary artery supply territory and appears to follow the anatomical cardiac sympathetic innervation.
Medical Application of Ultra-Wideband Technology
Authors: Habeeb Alghanimi Abdulhameed
Published: July 2021

This chapter deals with the applications of ultra-wideband technology, especially for medical scope, and the most features and advantages that made it useful in this scope. Also, the chapter has been included with the most important medical applications of UWB technology. Ultra-wideband radar for angiography and UWB glucometer are the main applications which will be explained in this chapter. The exposure for safety aspects, the dielectric properties of human tissues, blood dielectric properties measurement using open-ended coaxial probe experiment to improve the blood image, and the ideal ultra-wideband pulses’ shape, width, and repetition time that are used for medical applications have been illustrated. Finally, the results (figures, tables, and experiment results), conclusions, and discussions have been mentioned.
Inclusion Policies and Territorial Welfare Networks between Society, Work and the Economy at the Times of Covid 19
Authors: Benini Romano
Published: July 2021

The Covid 19 health crisis rose the level of unease in the global market, bringing about a need for national systems which favour the development model, capable of giving centrality to the system with notions of inclusion and human development. Italy, having been categorised as one of the countries with the highest mortality rates as a direct result of Covid 19, provides us with the context in which we can identity how the capacity for resilience and economic development increasingly depend on the adoption of effective policies and tools which pursue these notions of inclusion and quality, and how the response to crisis often falls hand in hand with the strengthening of health prevention and territorial social networks. Through the analysis of data across the Italian regions, we find that a connection exists between environmental risk and health risk; with the greater spread of Covid 19 being found in the most industrialized areas, which only highlights the importance of adopting a development model that promotes the environmental turnaround of the economy while, at the same time, strengthening the functionality of social ties. This article addresses the issues of how, through aggravated discomfort, the crisis has made some of the ongoing phenomena even more apparent, with the introduction of social pathologies and increasing risk of inequality. Italy, despite its difficulties, offers interesting social and welfare network systems characterised by eco-sustainable productions, which can be strengthened through measures supported by European programs for the purpose of recovery and resilience.
Decision Making in the Context of Natural Disasters Based on a Geographic Information System and the Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Bensattalah Aissa , Chalal Rachid , Hassaine Daouadji Tahar , Bensattalah Tayeb
Published: July 2021

Decisions within the company, managers in countries or regions are made by one or more groups of decision-makers. The management of natural disasters involves several specialized decision-makers (experts, firefighters, police officers, drivers,). The aim of the chapter is to improve decision making in the context of natural disasters situation. Zero risk in the world does not exist due to natural phenomena that occur randomly and appear suddenly. It is essential to manage the risks in the situation of natural disasters and also to confront the influence of natural disasters on the phenomenon of Soil-Structure Interaction. For this, this chapter presents a conceptual architecture of a knowledge base to manage the risks of natural disasters remotely by a Geographic Information system (GIS) and embedded systems. This architecture is based on the integration of data via different sources of information (GIS, satellites, electronic sensors and comments from experts). To properly manage this information, this chapter uses the ontology of Soil-Structure Interaction With Agents External (OSSIWAE) in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). A case study is conducted on a prototype of a model for building a structure three-story for testing the usability of the proposed architecture.
Causes and Reasons of Insect Decline and the Way Forward
Authors: A. Dar Showket , Javed Ansari Mohmmad , Al Naggar Yahya , Hassan Shafia , Nighat Syed , Burjes Zehra Syed , Rashid Rizwan , Hassan Mudasir , Hussain Barkat
Published: July 2021

There are lot of reasons and causes of insect decline. The main causes of insect decline is attributed to habitat destruction, land use changes, deforestation, intensive agriculture, urbanization, pollution, climate change, introduction of invasive insect species, application of pesticides, mass trapping of insects using pheromones and light traps, pathological problems on various insects, and introduction of exotic honey bees in new areas that compete with the native bees for resource portioning and other management techniques for pest management, and even not leaving any pest residue for predators and parasitoids for their survival. The use of chemical insecticides against target or non-target organisms is major cause for insect decline. The diseases and decline of the important pollinators is still a mistry for colony collapse disorder. To overcome the cause of insect decline, various conservation techniques to be adopted and augmentation of artificial nesting and feeding structures, use of green pesticides, maintaining the proper pest defender ratio (P:D), policies and reaching to political audience at global level and other factors already discussed in the chapter may be helpful for mitigating the insect decline and especially for the pollinators, a key insect for life.
Optimization of Thermoelectric Properties Based on Rashba Spin Splitting
Authors: Qin Zhenzhen
Published: July 2021

In recent years, the application of thermoelectricity has become more and more widespread. Thermoelectric materials provide a simple and environmentally friendly solution for the direct conversion of heat to electricity. The development of higher performance thermoelectric materials and their performance optimization have become more important. Generally, to improve the ZT value, electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity must be globally optimized as a whole object. However, due to the strong coupling among ZT parameters in many cases, it is very challenging to break the bottleneck of ZT optimization currently. Beyond the traditional optimization methods (such as inducing defects, varying temperature), the Rashba effect is expected to effectively increase the S 2σ and decrease the κ, thus enhancing thermoelectric performance, which provides a new strategy to develop new-generation thermoelectric materials. Although the Rashba effect has great potential in enhancing thermoelectric performance, the underlying mechanism of Rashba-type thermoelectric materials needs further research. In addition, how to introduce Rashba spin splitting into current thermoelectric materials is also of great significance to the optimization of thermoelectricity.
Discretization, the Road to Quantum Computing?
Authors: Lacalle Jesús
Published: July 2021

The main challenge we face in making quantum computing a reality is error control. For this reason it is necessary to study whether the hypotheses on which the threshold theorem has been proved capture all the characteristics of quantum errors. The extraordinary difficulties that we find to control quantum errors effectively together with the little progress in this endeavor, compared to the enormous effort deployed by the scientific community and by companies and governments, should make us reflect on the road map to quantum computing. In this work we analyze error control in quantum computing and suggest that discrete quantum computing models should be explored. In this sense, we present a concrete model but, above all, we propose that Quantum Physics should be taken one step further, in order to allow discretization of the quantum computing model.