bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rinsops; Towards better gingival health
Authors: Salve Apoorva , Ansari Salman , Heda Prajakta , Dani Rutuja , Gajghate Apeksha , Rathod Yugeshwari
Published: February 2023

Although CHX is considered the most effective oral antiseptic agent, the use of CHX for extended periods of time is related to some side-effects, such as tooth and tongue staining, bad taste and reduced taste sensation. The current study is designed to evaluate effectiveness of Mimusops elengi (Bakul) extract for chemical plaque control in the form of mouthwash for plaque control and treatment of gingivitis.

: In this double-blind intervention, 60 subjects were selected and randomly divided to two groups: 1) Group A: Chlorhexidine mouthwash 2) Group B: Rinsops (Mimusops elengi) mouthwash. Before taking the mouthwashes and two weeks later plaque index, gingival index and tooth staining index were recorded. Independent t-test was used for data analysis.

Both CHX and Rinsops reduced the amount of plaque and gingival indices (P < 0.001). The CHX mouthwash had greater eﬃciency in reducing plaque and gingival indices compared to Rinsops, although the diﬀerence was not statistically signiﬁcant (P > 0.05%). Furthermore, CHX and Rinsops increased the staining and the intensity of the stained area indicators yet the amount and intensity of the staining in the use of CHX was more, and the diﬀerence was not statistically signiﬁcant.

Within the limitations of study, Rinsops mouthwash that is elective on periodontal indices can be recommended to the patients for chemical inhibition of plaque and in treatment of gingivitis.
Management of dilacerated root canals — A challenge to endodontist
Authors: Umale Kalyani G , Gade Vandana J
Published: February 2023

The unique morphology of dilacerated and S-shaped root canals often poses utmost challenges in their endodontic management. Dilaceration is defined as developmental anomaly in which there has been an abrupt change in the axial inclination between the crown and the root of a tooth. Periapical radiographs and CBCT are the most appropriate way to diagnose the presence of root dilacerations. Also, clinician is required to have an insight of the morphology of tooth related to its shape, form and structure before commencing treatment. This article is an attempt to review root dilaceration as well as two interesting case reports of root dilacerations.
Conservative approach in the management of infected radicular cyst in the anterior maxilla in a pediatric patient: A case report
Authors: Akhtar Zareesh , Chandak Rakhi , Lanjekar Ashish , Madne Isha , Tayade Charwak
Published: February 2023

Odontogenic cysts are pathological cavities enclosed by fibrous connective tissue and lined with epithelial tissue that develops from odontogenic tissues in the maxilla and mandible's tooth-bearing regions. Trauma or tooth caries is the main cause of radicular cysts or periapical cysts. Pulp necrosis is the outcome of dental caries irritating the pulp cavity. Once the infection has reached the root's tip, it causes periapical periodontitis, which may lead to either a chronic granuloma or an acute abscess. A persistent chronic infection led to the development of a periapical cyst. Radicular cysts are the most prevalent cystic lesions that afflict the jaw. They account for 52% to 68 percent of all cysts affecting the human jaw, making them the most common of all jaw cysts. The paper presents a case report of a 10-year-old pediatric patient who developed a radicular cyst post-trauma and eventually got infected.
Analysis of anatomy of head and neck: A study through empirical part-I
Authors: Raju V Rama
Published: February 2023

This study introduces new theory into the anatomical-structure, the head and neck, and followed by the neck. The harm or injury (damage) to the cervical benevolent ganglia might trigger “Horner-syndrome”, which is ipsi lateral ptosis, miosis, as well as “facial—anhidrosis”. Loss (damage, injury, destruction, etc.) to these anatomical-structures might cause to “first-bite-syndrome (FBS)”, with which the FB of nutrition/food is excruciating as a result in consequence of ‘autonomic-dysfunction’ attributable to traumatic-injuries within the (“deep parotid space DPS”) also exceptional cervix-ganglia (of the neck of the uterus). So, patient required to be anxious regarding variability of “phrenic-nerve” at any time. In case of C3,C4, and/or C5 adaxial/ventral branches (rami) are cracked, then that may hinder through the diaphragm properly functioning. sternocleidomastoid muscle The torticollishappens as sterno cleido mastoid (SCM) muscle condenses or contracts(muscle contractions) intermittently, triggering a changing of open-neck parallel (reverse) to a omolous muscle-cross or edge which will happen in biological provided the “SCM” is injured, and which can leads to “fibrosis” plus buttering of “muscle-fibers”. Which also happens because of improved “muscle-tone”, and/or dystonic-muscle-spasms or cramps, stemming as of emotive anxiety pressure tension-stress, and or unexpected actions (movements) or activities. However, while assessing the traumatic-injuries or damages, so it`s important to exclude/or prevent some carotid observing and separating within open-neck.
Orbial dermoid cyst: Clinical scenario
Authors: Ahmad Indu , Srivastava Neha , Srivastava Anil K , Sachdeva Lalit
Published: February 2023

In this case report we describe a case of superotemporal orbital dermoid who came to our tertiary care centre. An 8 year old female presented to us with a swelling of left superolateral orbital region progressively increasing for past 3 years. CT scan was performed which showed a well-defined non enhancing cystic lesion with thin internal septations in extraconal space of left orbit, in superolateral compartment. Although definitive diagnosis was not clear but the CT findings were consistent with a dermoid cyst. Surgical excision of mass was done through a sub-brow approach and histopathological examination of sample was done which confirmed it to be a dermoid cyst. Swelling was relieved post-surgery.
A case of dermoid cyst
Authors: Damodaran Kamalakannan , Chopra Vijay
Published: February 2023

Dermoid cyst is a common ocular tumour, it accounts for 3-9% of paediatic ocular tumour. Childers with dermoid tumour persent with other congenital abnormality

13 year old girl presented to our OPD, with complains of swelling in her left eye upperlid since birth, patient has multiple facial anomalies. On ocular examination, her vision in both eyes were 6/6. A 3*3cm noted in the left upper lid near the lateral canthus. Clinical diagnosis of Dermoid cyst left eye upperlid made. A surgical excision biopsy was planned under General anaesthesia. Intraoperatively the cyst removed with the cyst wall intact. Cut section revealed cystic lesion with tangle of hair follicles. Specimen sent for histopathology. HPE confirmed the diagnosis of teratomatous dermoid cyst.

Dermoid cysts account for 5% of all orbital lesions and are among the most common orbital tumors of childhood. Ophthalmologist should be aware to surgically excise these cyst meticulously so as to provide good cosmetic result to the patient.
Traumatic pseudophacocele: A case report with review of literature
Authors: Israel Mervin Jonathan , Biradar Sunil G , Kuruvila Magna Mary , Sankolli Nikhita Anil
Published: February 2023

A elderly male presented with painful loss of vision in the left eye for 20 days with expulsion of intra-ocular content following a blunt trauma. The best corrected visual acuity was counting fingers close to face (CF-CF). Slit lamp examination revealed ciliary tissue prolapse with gaping of incision scar along with a posterior synechia, iris pigments, vitreous in Anterior chamber, cells and flare. Patients presented aphakic and had the extruded rigid PMMA IOL with a broken haptic with him. Fundoscopic examination and B scan imaging were suggestive of vitreous haemorrhage. Pseudophacocele happens following blunt trauma leading to dehiscence of the corneo-scleral wound scar. Subconjunctival dislocation is the most common type, however sub-choroidal dislocation has also been seen. Our case is an extreme one where the IOL is completely extruded from the eye.

An early diagnosis can help prevent serious infective complications and have good visual outcomes.
Spectrum of ocular manifestations in apert syndrome
Authors: Prasad Nishi , Dubey Aditi , Kumar Kavita
Published: February 2023

Apert syndrome is a congenital type 1 acrocephalosyndactyly characterized by craniosynostosis, dysmorphic facial features and symmetrical syndactyly. There is premature fusion of cranial sutures which leads to restriction of intracranial and orbital space expansion giving characteristic dysmorphic facial appearance. We are reporting two cases of Apert syndrome of different age groups from ophthalmic point of view, and with different sets of ocular manifestation. Of the two cases, the one who presented early had a better visual prognosis. Apert Syndrome has a social stigma and the patients often suffers social and psychological disturbances. Patient counselling, timely management by multidisciplinary approach and regular follow ups are an important aspect which can offer a better quality of life.
Determinant Inequalities for Positive Definite Matrices Via Additive and Multiplicative Young Inequalities
Authors: Dragomir Silvestru Sever
Published: February 2023

In this paper we prove among others that, if the positive definite matrices A, B of order n satisfy the condition 0 < mIn ≤ B − A ≤ M In, for some constants 0 < m < M, where In is the identity matrix, then 0 ≤ (1 − t) [det (A)]−1 + t [det (A + mIn)]−1 − [det (A + mtIn)]−1 ≤ (1 − t) [det (A)]−1 + t [det (B)]−1 − [det ((1 − t) A + tB)]−1 ≤ (1 − t) [det (A)]−1 + t [det (A + M In)]−1 − [det (A + M tIn)]−1 , for all t ∈ [0, 1]
Conceptos clave del mercado de capitales
Authors: Pulido Reina Jason Steve
Published: February 2023

En esta época en la que impera la globalización, los sistemas económicos de cada región han desarrollado una evolución sistemática, partiendo de principios como la innovación en temas de tecnología y sistemas, las mejoras financieras y la preservación de los derechos de los inversionistas. El desarrollo, en cuanto a la inversión, parte de las preguntas dónde y en qué momento es oportuno realizar estos procesos por parte de inversionistas particulares o gubernamentales. Como lo menciona Rodríguez (2007), estas decisiones juegan un papel importante para un país, ya que allí no solo está en juego la estabilidad económica, sino diversos factores. Lograr que los sistemas de los países en desarrollo funcionen efectivamente para ofrecer servicios financieros a todo nivel, incluyendo el control de los administradores y la reducción del riesgo, constituyen elementos clave para la estabilidad política y social de la población. En concordancia con estas tendencias, se hace relevante conocer, al menos desde una perspectiva básica, el mercado de capitales como fuente de alternativas de inversión. En algunos mercados de capitales en los que su avance es destacable, se evidencia de manera reiterativa la emisión de nuevas herramientas financieras en sus respectivos mercados, creando la necesidad de financiamiento para los inversionistas provenientes de agentes económicos. Estos títulos valores, luego serán negociados en otros mercados y adaptados a sus particularidades. Así pues, el presente documento presenta en la primera unidad la descripción de los conceptos básicos para entender el mercado de capitales y el sistema financiero colombiano, mientras que la segunda unidad muestra las principales características de los títulos valores que más se manejan en el mercado de capitales.
Caracterización y comparación de metodologías ágiles y tradicionales de desarrollo de producto
Authors: Quitian Monroy Julián Stiven , Martínez Padua Juana Valentina , Castiblanco Jiménez Ivonne Angélica
Published: February 2023

En 1968 se formalizó la primera metodología de desarrollo de producto y actualmente se encuentran en la literatura más de 45 que integran en sus etapas factores que permiten crear con éxito un producto, bien sea tangible o intangible. A lo largo de los años las metodologías han incorporado diversidad de factores en sus etapas para crear con éxito un producto. Pese a esto, no se ha encontrado en la literatura una investigación que integre los factores más relevantes, que permitan hacer una comparación de metodologías de desarrollo. El presente artículo contempla dos objetivos: el primero, identificar los factores principales mediante la ejecución de un análisis cualitativo de contenido, con el fin de utilizarlos para la elaboración de una matriz de comparación de metodologías de desarrollo, y el segundo, elaborar dos cuadros de ponderación en los cuales se expondrá la frecuencia de los factores en metodologías ágiles o tradicionales y la frecuencia de los factores más relevantes en el sector tecnológico. Se espera que los resultados obtenidos aporten a futuros investigadores un punto de partida que les permita entender de una forma sencilla los principales factores de las metodologías para su eventual selección, incluyendo los más representativos para el sector tecnológico, además de servir como insumo para la creación de metodologías ágiles o tradicionales enfocadas al desarrollo de producto.
Relation of PLCζ Gene with Sperm and Oocyte Parameters in Infertility Treatment based on Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Review
Authors: Mehrabi Fatemeh , Ebrahim Parsanezha Mohammad , Shariati Mehrdad , Edalatmanesh Mohammad Amin
Published: February 2023

Introduction: As the world's population increases, the incidence of infertility is increasing, and infertility is now considered to affect 8–12% of couples worldwide. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is revolutionizing the field of reproductive medicine and strives continuously to provide infertile patients with access to appropriate and efficient treatments. However, some causes leading to total/low fertilization rate in ART have been addressed. Phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) is the main sperm-specific factor responsible for triggering oocyte activation (OA). Therefore, PLCζ abnormalities, including low and absent expression as well as its mutation has been described as one of the fertility rate inducers resulted from the oocyte activation deficiency and sperm parameters abnormalities and failed IVF and ICSI cycles. In this review article we have aimed to focus on the latest information of the PLCζ published data in the Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and PubMed databases and resulted in the failed IVF and ICSI and recurrent ICSI and IVF failure. In addition the investigations on PLCζ gene and its coded protein in the animals have been also reported.
Conclusion:.Studies have shown that the change in PLCζ expression and its mutations can cause a decrease in the fertilization rate due to egg activation defects and abnormalities in sperm parameters and failure in ART.
A Review on the Effect of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Probiotics in the Prevention and Improvement of Human Diseases
Authors: Safarkar Roya , Alikhiavi Parya
Published: February 2023

Introduction: In recent years, the health-giving properties of probiotics have attracted the attention of many researchers. Probiotics are vital microorganisms that can play a useful role in improving human health if they are used consistently and adequately. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are the most common probiotic bacteria that are introduced as the normal flora of the body. Probiotics can have a beneficial effect on improving human health by inhibiting or reducing pathogenic microorganisms. They can play an effective role in the treatment and prevention of various diseases such as constipation, oral and dental diseases, cancer, diarrhea, Helicobacter pylori infection and similar diseases. The purpose of this study is to review probiotics and their impact on preventing and improving human health.
Conclusion: Based on the studies, it can be concluded that the continous and sufficient consumption of probiotics can prevent and improve human diseases.
Investigation of the Frequency of Accessory Ostium in the Maxillary Sinus in Patients Referred to the Radiology Department of the Faculty of Dentistry, Azad University of Isfahan in 2021-2022
Authors: Motamedi Navid , Torkzadeh Azadeh , Haerian Hoda
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Maxillary sinus drains through the primary maxillary ostium into the infundibulum, then flows through the hiatus semilunaris into the middle meatus and communicates with the nasal cavity. The maxillary sinus ostium is located approximately at the most superior part of the medial wall of the sinus. Accessory maxillary ostium (AMO) may play a role in sinusitis, but the effect of heredity or environment on the presence or absence of AMO is unknown.The aim of this study was to assess the primary and accessory maxillary ostium.
Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 130 Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans (260 sinuses in total) from the maxilla of patients referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry of Isfahan Azad University were examined in Isfahan City, Iran (in the year 2021-2022). Measurements were performed in the coronal section by On Demand 3D software. Statistical analysis was performed by T-Test, Exact fisher, Shapiro-Wilk and Spearman tests through SPSS statistics version 16.
Results: The mean diameter of primary maxillary ostium was 1.33 ± 0.45 on the right and 1.33 ± 0.5 on the left, respectively. AMO was observed in 64% of the left sinuses and 38.5% of the right sinuses. Increased sinus mucosal thickness was seen in 26% of the right sinuses and 28% of the left sinuses, and finally Mucous Retention Cyst in 9% of the right sinuses and 8% of left sinuses, respectively.
Conclusion: Primary maxillary ostium size was not statistically significant related to the variables of age, sex and the presence of AMO, but on the right side, the average primary maxillary ostium size is less if there is increase in the thickness of the sinus mucosa than when there is no increase in the thickness.
Evaluation of the Cytokine Genes Expression in Vaccinated BALB/c Mice with pEGFP-C2-leoA DNA Vaccine
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Chaleshtori Zahra , Rastegari Ali Asghar , Nayeri Hashem , Doosti Abbas
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) causes successive changes in the stomach wall, which starts with inflammation of the stomach mucosa and in some cases leads to stomach cancer. The leoA gene, by encoding GTPase, plays a vital role in the pathogenicity of this bacterium in the gastric mucosa. The secretory vesicles produced by the leoA gene release poison and stimulate the immune system in the host's body. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gene vaccine pEGFP-C2-leoA on the expression changes of cytokines such as IL6, IL4, and interferon-gamma in inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori infection in a mouse model.
Methods: In this interventional experimental study, recombinant plasmid (pEGFP-C2-leoA) was produced, propagated, and extracted through transformation into susceptible bacterial cells. Then, suitable concentrations of 1% chitosan nanoparticles solution were prepared for injection into the quadriceps muscle of BALB/c mice. Finally, the gene expression and changes of the mentioned cytokines were measured by Real-Time RT-PCR method, the obtained results were statistically analyzed by SPSS version 16 software; One way ANOVA test and subsequent LSD test, as well as independent t-test, were used to check the existence of correlation and the significance level of the data.
Results: After the injection of the vaccine into the quadriceps muscle of mice during the treatment period, cytokines IFNᵧ (<0.038) and IL6 (<0.049) showed a significant increase in expression. On the other hand, cytokine IL4 and the leoA gene also showed a significant decrease in expression (>0.042).
Conclusion: Based on the results, the leoA gene cloned in the expression vector pEGFP-C2 has the ability to express and produce the specific protein product of this gene in eukaryotic cells, and according to the results obtained in the animal model and the immune characteristic obtained in this research it is shown that the final construct pEGFP-C2-leoA has the necessary potential to investigate immunogenicity in a human model as a gene vaccine.
Investigation of the relationship between vitamin D and peripheral inflammatory parameters in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder
Authors: ESNAFOGLU Erman
Published: February 2023

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D and some nutritional factors such as vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine, and ferritin, which play a role in the pathogenesis of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), on inflammation, which is also claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of ADHD.
Materials and methods: 39 ADHD and 39 healthy controls were compared with similar age, gender and BMI. The severity of the disease was evaluated with the Turgay ADHD scale. Inflammatory and nutritional parameters were measured routinely.
Results: In the patient group, Vitamin D was found to be significantly lower (p<0.001), while homocysteine was found to be significantly higher (p=0.003). CRP and MPV values among inflammatory parameters were found to be significantly higher (p<0.001 for both). No significant correlations were found between nutritional factors and inflammatory parameters (p>0.05 for all).
Conclusion: It can be suggested that low levels of vitamin D and high levels of homocysteine, which is related to single carbon metabolism, may play a role in the pathogenesis of ADHD. High levels of some inflammatory values may also indicate the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of ADHD. No significant relationship was found between nutritional and inflammatory parameters. However, considering the limitations of the study, further research is needed on this subject.
Age- and Sex- Dependent Changes in Serum Levels of TAS, TOS, TLR2, TLR4, HSP60, HSP90, and HMGB1
Authors: KAYA Salih Tunç
Published: February 2023

Objective: Cellular and physiological functions may be affected in an age- and sex-specific manner. The aim of this study is to investigate sex- and age-specific differences in the serum levels of Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR2), Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4), Heat Shock Protein 60 (HSP60), Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90), and High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) as well as to examine the correlation between them. Methods: Four groups of mice, each including seven animals, were used in the present study: young males and females (6 months old); old males and females (24 months old). Blood samples were taken from the heart and serum was used to assay the levels of TLR2, TLR4, HSP60, HSP90, HMGB1, TAS and TOS. Results: HGMB1, TOS and OSI were higher in old females than in young females (p
Human Being and the World in the Capricious Radiance of Talmudic Mythology (Based on a Religious Study of the Little-Researched Work of Yakym Olesnytsky)
Authors: Holovashchenko Serhii
Published: February 2023

The article continues and develops the experience of actual reading of one of the significant, but littlestudied works of the prominent Kyiv Hebrew scholar and biblical scholar of the last third of the XIX – early XX century, professor of the Kyiv Theological Academy Yakym Olesnytsky. Through the religious study reinterpretation of the structural elements of Talmudic mythology discovered by Olesnytsky, the peculiarities of the evolution of the agadic picture of the world were revealed. Being quite structurally heterogeneous, this phenomenon is characterized by “human dimension”, which is the leitmotif of universal natural harmony, social order, moral balance of good and evil. Both the actions of God, and the elements of nature, and the norms and requirements of society are full of mental, psycho-emotional tension, placed in a situation of moral choice and action, appear in fact anthropological projections, the image of human abilities. Therefore, the anthropological aspects of the transformations of agadic consciousness have been studied from the standpoint of religious studies. The transformation of psychological and anthropological motives in agadic angel and demonology and ideas about the human soul is singled out; revealed dimensions of the sacred symbolization of the unity of man with nature, humanity and the universe in the agadic doctrine of metempsychosis; anthropological and socio-political projections of agadic sacred geography and ritualized practices of contact with the afterlife as with the “Other Reality” are demonstrated; the sacred dimensions of ethno-, cultural- and religious-genesis engraved in the agada are traced.
Actualization of the Problem of Solitude in 19th and 20th-century Philosophy
Authors: Kibenko Elina
Published: February 2023

The vast majority of current scientific research devoted to the phenomenon of solitude is performed within the framework of psychology, sociology, and literary criticism. However, these inquiries deal with specific manifestations of the multidimensional phenomenon of solitude, eliminating its nature and fundamental philosophical and anthropological essence, which is hidden behind secondary layers of empirics. The task of this investigation is to consider the phenomenon of solitude among representatives of the world’s philosophical thought of modern times, in whose teachings it has received the fullest expression, in particular among representatives of existentialism, philosophy of life, phenomenology, and psychodynamic theory, including K. Jaspers, N. Berdyaev, M. Buber, M. Heidegger, E. Levinas. Despite the noticeable outburst of engagement with the phenomenon of solitude in the philosophy in the mid 19th – mid 20th centuries, interest in it did not disappear, as evidenced by current works designed to bridge the gap identified by predecessors. Despite the differences in views on the nature of solitude and its impact on the personality, as well as on the moment when a person encounters their solitude, these thinkers have something in common – they all necessarily consider solitude through the lens of the Other (be it a specific individual or a whole society) and recognize it a necessary condition for both true knowledge of things and self-knowledge. Regarding the discrepancies in views on solitude, they may be caused by the “terminological chaos” that still prevails when considering this issue. The terms “seclusion”, “alienation”, “isolation”, “loneliness”, and actually “solitude” are used to denote various manifestations of this phenomenon, often without distinguishing them; classifications of solitude are built through descriptive definitions. The lack of clarity should be overcome by distinguishing related but different concepts and developing a unified approach to the relationship between the essence of the concept and its various lexical expressions. Such a clarification is achieved in this article by identifying commonalities and indicating differences in the works of modern philosophers, who were most interested in the phenomenon of solitude, assigning it an important place in their own philosophical explorations.
Phenomenological Method and Philosophy of Psychiatry: History and Prospects of Interaction
Authors: Dariienko Diana
Published: February 2023

The article considers the possibilities of applying the phenomenological method in the philosophy of psychiatry. For this purpose, a brief analysis of the main stages of the development of the interaction of philosophy and psychiatry in modern times (20–21 centuries) was carried out: initial, syncretic, practical stages, and the formation of an interdisciplinary project, which is presented as the philosophy of psychiatry. An attempt to determine how exactly should the “phenomenological method” be understood when it comes to its application to the study of mental states in psychiatry and related disciplines (psychology and psychotherapy) is also made. It is shown that the phenomenological method tries to describe the human experience with the help of a more complete scheme of categories and concepts than is typical for the natural-scientific understanding of psychiatry. This method is also focused on human existence and helps a psychiatrist to “get used to” the structure and ways of being-in-the-world of a person. Therefore, the phenomenological method is practiced in psychology, psychotherapy, and psychiatry as a type of qualitative research. The historical review demonstrates that the phenomenological method has various manifestations in psychology, psychiatry, and psychotherapy (as a general philosophical method, a procedure for describing research in psychology, and a technique used in psychotherapeutic practice). Based on this, it is concluded that it is necessary to make a detailed analysis of the subject field of the direction of research where phenomenological method is implemented in order to explain the peculiarities of application of the phenomenological method. Although the problem of the expediency of using phenomenology as a research strategy in the philosophy of psychiatry is currently debatable, the author of the article believes that the use of the phenomenological method in philosophy of psychiatry can and should be implemented.
Cultural-Symbolic World Picture of the Latin Christian Middle Ages: the Cultural Dimension Proper. Part I
Authors: Svatko Yuriy
Published: February 2023

The present paper is a continuation of the previous publication by the author in this journal devoted to the cultural-symbolic world picture of the Latin Christian Middle Ages. Unlike the previous one, this second text reproduces the historical “picture” of the era with an emphasis not on the ontological, but on its proper cultural expression. The author as a philosopher is not so much focused on the “fact” (this is the business of historians) as on the “meaning”, taking care of the meaningful modeling of the age as a cultural phenomenon. The first part of the study is presented, devoted to the medieval culture of governance as a symbolic culture of powerful social relations.In the Preamble, considering the “fabric-textual” mythologem of “human–text–world”, the conceptual background of the study is outlined, the author’s latest revision of the general formula of the medieval cultural-symbolic picture of the world as a picture of the history of personal salvation culture is proposed, the study subject is specified, and the circle of “guides”-predecessors is defined.In § 1, the role and significance of the “vertical salvation” and its sacred nature for the Christian consciousness are considered. The creation fundamentals for transformation of the vertical into a symbolic hierarchy of medieval society are determined. With respect to a few of key philosophical and by itself jural monuments of the era, the concept of the Middle Ages as an age of absolutization of the pure Idea, therefore, of the absolutization of personal existence, is illustrated.§ 2 examines the questions of hierarchy, power, and freedom in view of their levels and options of realization in medieval society. The problems of social personalization of the “upper” and the “lower” inhabitants of the symbolic hierarchical ladder, the relationship between the hierarchical rungs, the logic of their “filling” and the per-level freedom of a medieval person on the scale of “domination–submission” have been solved. The “epochal” status of a Christian as a spiritually free person has been captured.
Ideas I: Transcendental Turn in Phenomenological Philosophy
Authors: Kebuladze Vakhtang
Published: February 2023

The paper deals with transcendental turn in the development of the phenomenological philosophy witch the founder of phenomenology Edmund Husserl made in his work “Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy. First Book: General Introduction to a Pure Phenomenology”. From this moment until the very end of his life, Husserl defined his philosophy as transcendental phenomenology. This is particularly evident in the title of his last unfinished treatise “The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology: An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy”. The author tries to clarify the historical and philosophical background of this turn and its influence on the phenomenology and other philosophical trends until now. On the one hand, the transcendental turn in the development of the phenomenological philosophy is the result of the long philosophical tradition that based on Descartes rationalism and Kantian transcendental philosophy and at the same time on the empiricism by Berkley and Hume. On the other hand, this transcendental turn is very important for the modern discussion about the problem of consciousness not only in the phenomenological research, but also in the contemporary philosophy of mind and cognitive sciences. For example, the “explanatory gap” problem as one of the most crucial consequence of the mind-body problem can be seen in a new light from the phenomenological point of view. So it is argued that phenomenology is one of the most elaborated version of the transcendental philosophy of experience, and that it is possible to create on the base of transcendental phenomenology the universal methodology of humanities and to bring something new even to the formulation of the fundamental problems of natural sciences.
Students protests at the Kyiv Theological Academy in 1859: causes, course, consequences
Authors: Yakusyk Tetiana
Published: February 2023

This article tries to reconstruct and analyze the conflict between students and administration in 1859 at the Kyiv Theological Academy. This conflict was different from the rest because it was not typical for this educational institution and, finally, grew into an open protest of students by XX and XXI courses against the administration of the educational institution. This is the first open protest of students, which, among other things, was made known outside the Academy.In 1861 the newspaper “Kolokol” published a collective statement from 1859 of the students of the Kyiv Theological Academy, addressed to the Russian emperor. It talked about the unsatisfactory conditions of providing students. It was not stated how this document ended up in the hands of the editors. The fact that the text appeared in a popular edition banned in the Russian Empire, which, moreover, was republished in Soviet times, shaped the approach to assessing the conflict in the Academy. On the one hand, the student performance remained almost the most famous page not only of the “revolutionary” but also of the everyday history of the Kyiv Theological Academy. On the other hand, most currently known works are not separately about the conflict of 1859. Instead, this is covered in general research on the Kyiv Theological Academy. A main feature of the research that mentions the conflict of 1859 is the emphasis on the superficial causes and consequences of the conflict (there were complaints from students about housing, living conditions, and studying process. Students entered into open conflict, that is why they were expelled from Kyiv Theological Academy). However, this is only a small part of the story. Other studentsʼ motives recede into the background or are not taken into the investigation at all. The article involves personal documents and archival materials (including behavior journals, decisions of the Academic Сouncil, individual notes of the students, etc.), which demonstrate another view of the conflict of 1859. The conflict is able to show the problems in the structure of the Academy, the reactions of the students, and the methods of solving them on the part of the Academy’s employees and teachers. It is proposed to outline the list of participants, trace the actions of students and the administration, and highlight the causes and consequences of conflict for both sides.
Ukrainian dissidents in the Soviet criminal-executive system
Authors: Bazhan Oleh
Published: February 2023

While struggling with captivity, and partial or complete blocking of individual rights and freedoms, the main task for Ukrainian political prisoners was to develop a behavioural strategy to cope with the demands of camp life. In places of detention, there was an inconspicuous consolidation of prisoners along ethnic lines and the type of crime committed. Communities organized based on affinity and similarity of political views often built their own networks of survival and a peculiar ethic of care within the framework of an informal group. The prisoners’ adaptation to the appropriate environment greatly depended on their ability to get accustomed to the prison norms, which contradicted existing norms and regulations, and their attempts to master everyday life through the reproduction of the basic elements of “normal life”. Representatives of the scientific and creative intelligentsia perceived the corrective labour camp as a place to work in extreme conditions. One of the Ukrainian dissidents’ most common creative practices in captivity was literary translations of the world’s classic works of art. The publishing and distribution of camp samizdat were among the most common methods for political prisoners to struggle with the regime. An exhausting daily uncompromising struggle for the status of a political prisoner took an important place in the resistance movement in the camps.Isolated in strict and particularly strict regime camps, psychiatric hospitals, and prisons, members of the Resistance movement developed effective ways of adapting and counteracting the destructive influence of the Soviet penitentiary system. The prisoners managed to preserve the stability of the spirit, the system of values established in freedom, and their own national identity, creating an environment focused on resisting the camp administration through self-education, drafting petitions, statements, protests, hunger strikes, group boycotts, etc.
The Olyka landed gentry of Prince Stanislav Radziwill in the last third of the 16 century
Authors: Stafiichuk Marharyta
Published: February 2023

The article is focused on one of the groups of the clientele of the Grand Marshal of Lithuania (1592–1595) and the Samogitia Starost (1595–1599) Prince Stanislav Radziwill (1559–1599) – the landowner of the Olyka Volost. Among other things, the controversial issue of terminology and classification of the prince’s clientele is considered, an attempt is made to reconstruct the personal composition, origin, duties and property status of that category of servants who, on a conditional right, owned land within the domain of the mentioned aristocrat. The analysis of Prince Stanislav Radziwill’s “zemiany” from Olyka majorat demonstrates the established complex relationship between the patron and representatives of his clientele, and emphasizes the importance of not only material, but also symbolic relationships between counterparties. The first attempt to present a collective portrait of the prince’s landed gentry group revealed interesting patterns and opened up a new range of questions that require further research. The category of landowners, who held land from the patron on the condition of military service, united people of various social and geographical origins. We can say that most of these people were nobility from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Volhynia and Mazovia. Estates of the Olyka Volost were possessed by both – his clients and governors of his estates, and lawyers of the prince. The patron provided these estates for temporary holding, most often till the death or on the guarantee of a certain amount of money, without the return of which he could not take the previously leased patch of land back under his control. During the life of the first Olyka majorat owner, the percentage of landed gentry in the capital volost grew steadily. Questions related to the profitability of retired estates, the service conditions of “zemiany” and family contacts within their circle require additional study.
Wine collection in Pidhirtsi castle: types and circulation (1874–1880)
Authors: Papa Ivanna
Published: February 2023

This article introduces an unpublished register of wines from Pidhirtsi Castle, composed in 1874. This source contains information about the sorts of wine, the number of bottles, wine circulation (dates and circumstances of consumption) in 1874–1880, and the names of guests. It is suggested and justified that the authorship of the register belongs to Antoni Kryczyński, a perennial administrator of the castle (1869-1890). The register of wines was designated primarily for Burgrabiy’s report to the owner of the castle – Prince Eustachy Sanguszko, and his proxies regarding the circulation of wines in the castle. However, this source also allows us to trace the dynamics of daily life in Pidhirtsi Castle in the end of the 19th century, to track the visits of individuals, government officials and public events. The register presents mostly French and Hungarian wines. The quantity of wines correlates with their value. There are references to the sale of part of the wines, which may be due to the short life of these products. Consumption of certain wines is also correlated with the social level of the castle guests or family or friendship ties with them. This source also confirms not only the gastronomic, but also the broad cultural and social functions of wine consumption. In particular, the register illustrates that wine had a very instrumental role: it was a gift to local residents who were ill and a payment for various works. For instance, it was a symbolic gift to the participants (ca. 300 people) of the Second Congress of Polish Natural Scientists and Physicians who visited Pidhirtsi Castle in 1875. The article proposes a hypothesis about the location of the castle brewery (based on the preserved drawings of the premises in Pidhirtsi Castle by Leon Rzewuski). By comparing the information of the register of wines and entries in the “Guest books”, it is possible to identify complete lists of visitors to the castle who were treated to wine and to reconstruct the chronology of the visits by Prince Eustachy Sanguszko. The article, besides the publication of the primary source itself, is an attempt to cover through the prism of the history of wine the insufficiently researched everyday life of Pidhirsti Castle in different historical epochs.
USING THE PYROELECTRIC RESPONSE TO STUDY THE POLARIZED STATE IN A TYPICAL FERROELECTRIC POLYMERS
Authors: Fedosov S. N. , Sergeeva A.E.
Published: February 2023

This article examines the correlation between the pyroelectric response in typical films of ferroelectric polymers and the value of the residual ferroelectric polarization. The pyroelectric response was obtained by the thermal pulse method proposed by Collins. The magnitude of the residual polarization was measured depending on the magnitude of the applied electric field during primary electrification (poling) and during its switching. It is shown that the used method has the high sensitivity. It was found that the magnitude of the pyroelectric response depends significantly on the polarized state, which is determined by the values of the electric field during electrification and polarization switching and on the duration of exposure to this field. The identity of the graphs of the dependence of the residual polarization on the field and time and the corresponding graphs of the magnitude of the pyroelectric response led to the final conclusion about the proportionality of the magnitude of the response to the residual polarization. Thus, it is concluded that the pyroelectric response method can be used to estimate the magnitude of polarization in ferroelectric polymers
SnO2 AND ZnO FILMS STRUCTURED USING POLYMERS FOR AMMONIA DETECTION
Authors: Filevska L. M. , Chebanenko A. P. , Grinevych V. S. , Smyntyna V. A. , Irkha V. I.
Published: February 2023

The electrophysical properties in air and in the atmosphere with ammonia vapor content of nanosized films of ZnO and SnO2 structured in the process of production using polymers were studied. The investigated electrophysical properties of those films in air and in an atmosphere containing ammonia vapors showed the presence of significant changes in the conductivity of both types of films. The nature of these changes is somewhat different. In ammonia vapors, the current in a zinc oxide film is many times greater than in air. And the tin oxide film in ammonia vapor becomes more high-resistant in comparison with its resistance in air. It was found that the conductivity of both types of films is controlled by intercrystalline potential barriers. However, upon contact with ammonia vapors, these barriers decrease in the zinc oxide films, while the opposite process is observed in the tin dioxide film. The reversible nature of the processes of ammonia molecules interaction with oxide films is observed in both cases. Both for ZnO and for SnO2 the sensitivity to ammonia is recorded already at room temperature. It was also established that the initial characteristics of both types of films were quickly restored without additional measures. These facts make the studied nanostructured films of ZnO and SnO2 using polymers to be promising material for sensitive elements for ammonia gas sensors.
INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF SYNTHESIS ON THE FORMATION OF PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SPECTRA OF CdS QDs
Authors: Smyntyna V. A. , Skobeeva V. M. , Verheles K. A.
Published: February 2023

Here are presented the results of influence of two parameters of synthesis process of quantum dots sulfide cadmium (CdS QD) on the spectrum luminescence, namely, the acid-base balance of the growth solution and the correlation of reaction components (cadmium and sulfur salts). Carried out the syntheses in which the pH solution was changed in the interval of values from 2 to 10. There were also synthesized CdS QD with different ratios of the initial components. The results obtained by evidence of the fact that the technological process has a significant impact on the formation of bands luminescence CdS QDs.
SIMULATION CHAOTIC DYNAMICS OF RELATIVISTIC BACKWARD-WAVE OSCILLATOR WITH USING CHAOS THEORY AND QUANTUM NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Kondratenko P. O. , Khetselius O. Yu.
Published: February 2023

Nonlinear simulation and forecasting chaotic evolutionary dynamics of such complex system as relativistic backward-wave oscillator is treated using the new combined method, based on the chaos theory algorithms, concept of geometric attractors, and algorithms for quantum neural network simulation. It has been performed modelling the dynamics of multilayer photon echo neural network for the case of noisy input sequence. It has been performed analysis, modelling and processing the temporal dependence of the output amplitude for the backward-wave oscillator, described by system of the nonstationary nonlinear theory equations for the amplitude of electromagnetic field and motion of a beam. The data on the Lyapunov’s exponents, Kolmogorov entropy, correlation coefficient between the actual and neural networks prognostic rows, referred to a temporal dependence of the output signal amplitude of the nonrelativistic (relativistic) backward-wave oscillator are listed. The combining the advanced algorithms of the modern chaos theory, concept of a compact geometric attractors and one of the effective neural network algorithms, or, in a more general using an effective model of artificial intelligence etc, could provide very adequate and quantitatively correct description of temporal evolutionary dynamics of most complicated systems, in particular, in the field of modern ultrahigh-frequency electronics