bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction: IJCAR - Volume 8
Authors: Hébert Martine
Published: November 2021

Dear readers,

I am pleased to introduce the 2021 Issue of IJCAR, the International Journal of Child and Adolescent Resilience, addressing various aspects of youth resilience. We also have a thematic section focused on resilience in Indigenous and multicultural populations.

This issue includes five regular articles on different aspects of resilience. First, Lafrenaye-Dugas et al. document the sources of distress of adolescent boy victims of physical violence within their romantic relationships. Then, Martinez and her colleagues examine the effect of disclosure on resilience in adult female victims of childhood sexual abuse. In the following paper, Dr. Medico proposes a theoretical model of trans affirmative approaches for trans and non-binary youth based on Axel Honneth's ethics of recognition model (2000; 2006). Richard et al. investigate the role of perceptions of harm and perceived peer and parental attitudes towards substance use in the association between adverse childhood experiences and substance use in adolescents. Finally, Villate and her colleagues document the subjective experiences of emerging adults who have a parent with a mental disorder and suggest ways to support their resilience in the transition to adulthood.

In addition to these regular articles, we also have a commentary on the 5th World Congress on Resilience by Dr. Ionescu and a thematic section focused on resilience in Indigenous and multicultural populations. This section presents five articles on the effects of the Lantern|Awacic sexual violence prevention program training for workers in Indigenous care settings (Attard et al.), the relations between virtues, well-being, and resilience in Indigenous youth in the Peruvian Amazon (Bullock et al.), Child Maltreatment-Related Investigations of Children from Newcomer Households in Canada (Houston et al.), a review of the use of mobile applications to support Indigenous youth well-being (Noronha et al.), and finally, the validation of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28; Ungar & Liebenberg, 2011) in Nicaraguan youth.

I wish to take this opportunity to warmly thank each member of the IJCAR team, namely Dr. Isabelle Daigneault, Dr. Rachel Langevin and Dr. Tara Black, associate editors; Catherine Moreau, managing editor; Manon Robichaud, layout editor; Andréanne Fortin, senior copyeditor; and Ruo Feng, Sereena Pigeon, and Carley Marshall, junior copyeditor. We hope you enjoy your reading!

Don’t forget to prepare your manuscripts for the 2022 issue. In addition to regular papers, we will feature a thematic section on research presented at the Child and Youth Trauma Symposium. Submit your manuscripts in English or in French by November 15th, 2021. Please feel free to send the information to colleagues and students who may be interested.

Martine Hébert, Editor-in-Chief
Phương pháp điều chế độ rộng xung sin cải tiến cho nghịch lưu hình T ba bậc để giảm tổng độ méo dạng sóng hài
Authors: Do Duc Tri  , Vy Van Vu  , Doan Anh Tuan  , Truong Dinh Nhon  , Nguyen Duy Thao  , Ho Anh Khoa
Published: November 2021

Trong bài báo này, một phương pháp điều chế độ rộng xung sin cải tiến (MSPWM) cho nghịch lưu hình T tăng áp tựa khóa chuyển mạch ba bậc (TL-qSBT2I) để giảm tổng độ méo dạng sóng hài (THD) cũng như chỉ số điều chế cao được trình bày. Trạng thái ngắn mạch nửa trên (UST) và ngắn mạch nửa dưới (LST) được đề xuất để điều khiển. Phương pháp điều chế độ rộng xung sin cải tiến không chỉ tăng áp mà còn cải thiện chất lượng điện áp đầu ra so với phương pháp điều chế độ rộng xung thông thường. Ngoài ra, để giảm độ gợn dòng điện cuộn dây ngõ vào bằng cách sử dụng hai sóng mang tần số cao vcar1 và vcar2, trong đó vcar2 được tạo ra bằng cách dịch pha 900 từ vcar1. Để chứng minh nguyên lý hoạt động của TL-qSBT2I, những kết quả mô phỏng được trình bày trong bài báo này.
Nghiên cứu kỹ thuật điều chế sóng mang nghịch lưu một pha cascaded 5 bậc
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Thao  , Nguyen Hoang Tu  , Ho Nhut Minh  , Do Duy Tan  , Truong Quang Phuc
Published: November 2021

Bài báo này nghiên cứu hiệu năng của kỹ thuật đa truy cập không trực giao (Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access – NOMA) trong thông tin vô tuyến. Đây là kỹ thuật được ứng dụng hiệu quả trong mạng 5G và hứa hẹn sẽ là ứng viên tiềm năng được sử dụng trong mạng 6G. Trong bài báo này, hiệu năng của NOMA được đánh giá qua giá trị tỉ lệ lỗi bit (Bit Error Rate – BER), tốc độ dữ liệu và xác suất dừng (Outage Probability – OP). Các giá trị này thu được thông qua mô phỏng hệ thống NOMA qua kênh truyền Rayleigh có chịu ảnh hưởng của nhiễu AWGN (Additive white Gaussian noise) ở cả hai trường hợp SIC (Successive Interference Cancellation) hoàn hảo và SIC không hoàn hảo. Nhìn chung, công suất phát càng tăng thì giá trị tốc độ dữ liệu sẽ càng cao đồng thời giá trị BER và OP sẽ được cải thiện đáng kể. Hơn nữa, kết quả phân tích cho thấy mô hình hệ thống NOMA cung cấp một nền tảng tốt phục vụ việc phát triển các kỹ thuật góp phần cải thiện chất lượng dịch vụ cho các hệ thống truyền thông dựa trên NOMA trong tương lai.
Citizen Science and Youth Audiences: Educational Outcomes of the Monarch Larva Monitoring Project
Authors: Kountoupes Dina L. , Oberhauser Karen
Published: November 2021

Citizen science projects in which members of the public participate in large scale science research programs are excellent ways for universities to engage the broader community in authentic science research. The Monarch Larva Monitoring Project (MLMP) is such a project. It involves hundreds of individuals throughout the United States and southern Canada in a study of monarch butterfly distribution and abundance. This program, run by faculty, graduate students, and staff at the University of Minnesota, provides research opportunities for volunteer monitors. We used mixed methods to understand contexts, outcomes, and promising practices for engaging youth in this project. Slightly over a third of our adult volunteers engaged youth in monitoring activities. They reported that the youth were successful at and enjoyed project activities, with the exception of data entry. Adults innovations increased the success and educational value of the project for children without compromising data integrity. Many adults engaged in extension activities, including independent research that built on their monitoring observations. This project provides an excellent forum for science and environmental education through investigation, direct and long-term interactions with natural settings, and data analysis.
University Students’ Expectations For Mentoring High-Poverty Youth
Authors: Hughes Carolyn , Dykstra Sara J.
Published: November 2021

What are the motivations of college students who mentor youth from high-poverty backgrounds? Our team surveyed university students before and after an elective service-learning course that included voluntary mentoring of high-poverty youth. Mentors were motivated primarily by the opportunity to have a positive impact on youth through (a) being a role model, friend, source of support, and caring adult, and (b) increasing their own understanding of innercity schools and culture in order to serve youth better. Following the experience, mentors reported having largely achieved these aims. In addition, their responses reflected greater confidence in themselves as mentors, better understanding of the challenges and contexts of high-poverty environments, and a higher level of cross-cultural comfort. Based on these findings, we propose strategies for future mentoring efforts in the context of service learning.
Participatory Research and Community Youth Development: VOICES in Sarasota County, Florida
Authors: Alfonso Moya L. , Bogues Karen , Russo Meredith , Brown Kelli McCormack
Published: November 2021

This article reports a case study of community-based participatory action research conducted as a community youth development activity, demonstrating a trend toward engaging youth in youth development efforts. The project actively engaged middle school youth in their communities and offered an avenue through which they could contribute to matters of importance to them. Youth are presented as stakeholders in the research process. Concrete strategies for collaborating with youth are described and evaluated.
Establishing and Evaluating Equitable Partnerships
Authors: McLean James E. , Behringer Bruce
Published: November 2021

In this paper, the authors present two models for establishing and evaluating partnerships. They also provide a working definition of a partnership, propose strategies for identifying resources for starting and maintaining partnerships, and provide several methods for evaluating them. Their purpose is to increase understanding of the dynamics of building stronger, more equity-based partnerships. Models recommended are the Give-Get and Double Rainbow.
Forming a Rural Health Partnership Network
Authors: Hamner Karl , Kennedy Paul , Wolfe Tim
Published: November 2021

Walker County, Alabama, population 70,713, typifies health challenges in rural America. The county is poor with per capita income $10,000 below the national average. It lacks an adequate health care infrastructure — 4 physicians per 10,000 population compared to 7 nationally. The county has severe chronic health problems. For example, there are 67 heart failure deaths per 10,000 population compared to 20 nationally (Alabama Community Health Resource Guide, 2008). There are many other similar statistics, but a new conjunction of health care providers and leaders offers promise for a united approach in Walker County.
Poverty as the Main Motive for Abandonment of Children
Authors: Berberova–Valcheva Cvetelina
Published: November 2021

As for 2017 Bulgaria is the poorest country in European Union and there are many children separated from their parents. The main reason for that is poverty, followed by disease or injury of the children. The purpose of this article is to make an accent of current well-being of the population and to put the emphasis on negative trends among which the abandonment of children. The social policy in the country should focused on more comprehensive familyoriented measures and against poverty and child abandonment. Some of the conclusions in solving these problems are information campaigns, employment programs and education among the population.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL CORPORATIVA NA SATISFAÇÃO DOS EMPREGADOS: UM ESTUDO COM MODELAGEM DE EQUAÇÕES ESTRUTURAIS
Authors: Ceciliano Paulo Henrique , Vieira Paulo Roberto da Costa , Silva Antonio Carlos Magalhães da
Published: November 2021

A responsabilidade social corporativa (RSC) desempenha papel crucial nas corporações, sendo entendida como variável estratégica porque, se gerenciada adequadamente, concorrerá para o aumento de participação no mercado. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência que a RSC e a identidade corporativa exercem sobre a satisfação dos empregados. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, com utilização de questionário estruturado e autoadministrado, aplicado à amostra constituída por 293 empregados de uma indústria brasileira do setor de óleo gás. O tratamento de dados ocorreu por meio da técnica estatística de modelagem de equações estruturais (MEE), baseada em mínimos quadrados parciais (MQP). Os resultados confirmaram que a satisfação dos empregados é influenciada de forma direta e positiva pela RSC e identidade corporativa. A contribuição dos resultados possibilita aos gestores, o alcance de vantagens competitivas no mercado, com investimento em capital humano, o qual constitui recurso intangível, raro e único.
AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DE RECURSOS EM SONDAS DE POÇOS DE PETRÓLEO E GÁS
Authors: Dutra Lelayne De Araújo , Queiroz Jamerson Viegas , Silva Christian Luiz da , Lima Nilton Cesar , Almeida Mariana Rodrigues de
Published: November 2021

A otimização dos recursos de uma organização coopera na redução de custos e/ou aumento da produtividade do setor, através do uso de instrumentos de apoio à decisão. No setor de poços de petróleo e gás, a operacionalização das sondas, como objeto a percrustar neste estudo, é considerado o elemento estratégico na identificação de oportunidades competitivas. Nesse contexto, o enfoque assenta-se sob o objetivo de desenvolver um modelo de Simulação com propósito de dimensionar a frota de recursos necessários para realizar a Desmontagem, Transporte e Montagem (DTM) de sondas de perfuração de poços terrestres de petróleo e gás. O trabalho baseou-se em análises de dados obtidos por meio de entrevistas com engenheiros e observações de operacionalização das sondas. O modelo de Simulação, possibilitou imitar o sistema, realizando testes sob diferentes cenários, e identificou a dimensão de recursos adequados para atender ao planejamento de DTM nas sondas de perfuração de forma eficiente.
Influence of supporting electrolyte on electrochemical formation of copper nanoparticles and their electrocatalytic properties
Authors: García Silvana , Zurita Noelia
Published: November 2021

Comparative analysis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) obtained by electrodeposition on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrates from different supporting electrolytes containing sulphate anions, was performed. Voltammetric results indicated that Cu electrodeposition follows a diffusion-controlled nucleation and crystal growth model for three solutions studied (Na2SO4, H2SO4 and Na2SO4+H2SO4). Na2SO4 solution was found to be most effective because the copper reduction occurs at most positive potential value, reaching the highest current density. Analysis of potentiostatic current transients revealed that the process can be described predominantly by a model involving 3D-progressive nucleation mechanism, which was corroborated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. SEM images showed high density of hemispherical shaped Cu particles of different sizes (mostly between 80-150 nm), randomly distributed on the HOPG surface for Na2SO4 electrolyte solution. In the presence of H2SO4, the size dispersion decreased, resulting in particles with greater diameters (up to 339 nm). The use of electrolyte solution with Na2SO4+H2SO4 revealed lower particle density with a considerable crystal size dispersion, where very small crystallites are prevailing. Cyclic voltammetry was used to evaluate qualitatively the catalytic activity of CuNPs deposited from three electrolyte solutions towards the nitrate reduction reaction. An enhanced catalytic effect was obtained when copper particles were prepared from either Na2SO4 or H2SO4 supporting electrolytes.
Organ accompaniment to silent films, part 3 – the activity of Robert Hope-Jones and its importance
Authors: Presseisen Filip
Published: November 2021

The idea to write music for silent films, both in a form of written-down scores and composed live has experienced its renaissance for more than ten years. Thanks to a quite decent number of preserved theatre instruments and also due to the globalisation and wide data flow options connected with it, the knowledge and interest in Anglo-Saxon tradition of organ accompaniment in cinema were able to spread away from its place of origin. The article is the third part of four attempts to present the phenomenon of combination of the art of organ improvisation with cinematography and it was based on the fragments of the doctoral thesis entitled “Current methods of organ improvisation as performance means in the accompaniment for silent films based on the selected musical and visual work”. The dissertation was written under the supervision of prof. dr hab. Elżbieta Karolak and was defended at the Ignacy Jan Paderewski Academy of Music in Poznań in 2020. The article focuses on the profile of Robert Hope-Jones, an eccentric creator of cinema organ. It describes the period preceding the time when typical theatre instruments called “Mighty Wurlitzer” acquired their final shape, i.e., from the introduction of first electromagnetic tracture innovations in England, to the establishment of Hope Jones’s collaboration with the Wurlitzer company in the United States of America and the creation of instruments of the Unit Organ type.
SPRAWOZDANIE KOŁA NAUKOWEGO DZIAŁAŃ GAŚNICZYCH
Authors: Socha Bartosz , Musiałek Andrzej , Różycki Kacper
Published: November 2021

Koło Naukowe Działań Gaśniczych zostało założone z inicjatywy studentów z grupy
SPPK14 oraz mł. bryg. dr. inż. Marcina Łapicza. Koło naukowe w strukturze uczelni
funkcjonuje na Wydziale Inżynierii Bezpieczeństwa i Ochrony Ludności w Katedrze
Działań Ratowniczych.
Systematics of environmental costs in an energy sector enterprise for decision-making purposes
Authors: Ferens Aleksandra
Published: November 2021

The aim of this article is to present a systematics of environmental costs in an enterprise operating in the energy sector. Environmental costs are visible throughout the entire value chain occurring in energy compa-nies, so there is a need to „capture” all of these costs, and with a properly chosen classification, to present the obtained figures to the stakeholders. The basis for the presented analysis are interdisciplinary studiesof Polish and selected foreign publications as well as the author’s practical experience gained during research conducted in one of the energy groups.
Integrated reporting – innovation in accounting paradigms
Authors: Kwiecień Mirosława
Published: November 2021

The article is an introduction to the issues and results of a new trend in interdisciplinary research, which is integrated reporting. „Violated balance”, characteristic of contemporary global economy, forces us to seek solutions oriented to symbiosis between economic, social and environmental progress, which is the basis for fundamental changes in mental models that determine the way the economic organization oper-ates. On the basis of literature studies, as well as management (of innovation, knowledge, etc.) science studies and research on changes in legal regulations of accounting, one can venture to say that the change in accounting paradigms is an innovation which stems from legal requirements. Legislation stimulates conceptuality, including information management, standardization of accounting, etc. Innovation theory refers to technological, organizational and market changes, so a question ariseswhether this theory can be applied to accounting practices as well? In this way an idea emerged for inves-tigating the question if the implementation of legal regulations such as International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) or the standards of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is a manifestation of the inno-vation theory in the development of accounting systems, especially in reporting.
Using Inverted Index for Fingerprint Search
Authors: S. Soares Johnny Marcos , Barbosa Luciano , Leal Rego Paulo Antonio , Pires Magalhães Regis , F. de Macêdo Jose Antônio
Published: November 2021

Fingerprints are the most used biometric information for identifying people. With the increase in fingerprint data, indexing techniques are essential to perform an efficient search. In this work, we devise a solution that applies traditional inverted index, widely used in textual information retrieval, for fingerprint search. For that, it first converts fingerprints to text documents using techniques, such as Minutia Cylinder-Code and Locality-Sensitive Hashing, and then indexes them in inverted files. In the experimental evaluation, our approach obtained 0.42% of error rate with 10% of penetration rate in the FVC2002 DB1a data set, surpassing some established methods.
New Work Arrangements — A Review of Concepts and Theories
Authors: Kattenbach Ralph , Kump Barbara , Moskaliuk Johannes
Published: November 2021

Much has changed since Frithjof Bergmann’s seminal thoughts on New Work (1994; 2004): For example, mobile devices as well as virtual communication and cooperation have entered the business world and have brought forth a new economy, agile work processes, new employment relationships, leadership styles, co-working tools, and an enhanced spatial and temporal flexibility (for a review, see Aroles et al., 2019). The present special issue on “New Work Arrangements” was initiated to revise and refine the underlying concepts and theories to account for these path-breaking developments. When we made our call for submissions in late 2019, our main observation was that research on work and leadership has been neglecting the pervasive presence of technology in organizational work (Orlikowski & Scott, 2017). We argued that these changes in work methods and organization are so profound that common theories and concepts need to be revisited to see if they still do justice to the changed situation. Shortly thereafter, the world was hit by the global COVID-19 pandemic. The corresponding restrictions on social contact and mobility catalysed, whether desired or not, the widespread use of virtual collaboration and communication tools, as well as flexible work arrangements that account for the various needs and duties of employees’ private lives (e.g., home-schooling). Much of what has been unthinkable in advance (e.g., video conferences instead of business trips, flexible forms of mobile work or home office) has proven beneficial for companies as well as employees. Hence, in the ‘new normal’ of the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis in Western industrialized nations, it seems clear that many of the new approaches will be maintained. Revisiting forms of New Work, as well as related challenges and opportunities, is now more important than ever.
The Importance of Sacral Neuroanatomy in Pain Syndromes and Procedures
Authors: Hashemi Masoud , Momenzadeh Sirous , Taheri Mehrdad , Rajaei Shima
Published: November 2021

: The neural plexus exists in different parts of the body. The sacral plexus is the lowest neural network in the body that is responsible for sensory and motor innervation to a large part of the body. The sacral plexus or sacral nerve roots may be damaged by diseases, such as disc herniation, spinal canal stenosis, and cancer or iatrogenic injuries during surgery or interventional pain procedures (open spinal surgeries, hip surgeries, percutaneous endoscopic disc decompression, trans-sacral epiduroscopic laser decompression, …). Patients with sacral nerve damage may experience a variety of symptoms, including low back pain radiating to the legs, sensory disturbance in the buttocks or legs, motor weakness in the legs, bladder or bowel dysfunction (urinary retention/incontinence, defecation’s problems), or sexual dysfunction. Therefore, complete familiarity with the anatomy of the sacral plexus is very important. In this article, we tried to review the anatomy of the sacral plexus and sensory or motor innervations of each terminal branch of the sacral plexus. Also, the clinical importance of these nerves in the development of pain syndromes and diagnostic and therapeutic methods for damage to the terminal branches of the sacral plexus were investigated.
Sialoblastoma and Hepatoblastoma in an Infant: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Xu Lin , Zhong Yumin
Published: November 2021

: Sialoblastoma is a rare salivary gland tumor, diagnosed in the neonatal period or during infancy. Hepatoblastoma accounts for less than 1% of all pediatric malignancies. The co-occurrence of these two tumors is extremely uncommon. Here, we report a case of concurrent sialoblastoma and hepatoblastoma in an infant.
IMPRENSA E INEFETIVIDADE DO DIREITO À MORADIA: O MTST NA FOLHA DE S. PAULO
Authors: Vieira Beatriz Trezzi
Published: November 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar como o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Teto (MTST) e seus integrantes, protagonistas na luta pelo direito à moradia no Brasil, foram representados pelo jornal de maior circulação do país, a Folha de S. Paulo, a partir da colaboração do líder do movimento para o site do veículo. Para tanto, foram realizadas análises quantitativa e qualitativa da cobertura feita pelo jornal, utilizando-se elementos e categorizações da produção jornalística. Conclui-se que, nas narrativas analisadas, apesar de terem sido contempladas fontes do movimento, as formas de representação discursiva e imagética dos sem-teto, bem como a ausência de contextualização sobre a luta pelo direito à moradia no país levaram o veículo a deixar de contribuir de forma plena para a compreensão sobre a importância da concretização desse direito no Brasil.
NOTAS PARA UMA PESQUISA SOBRE LIBERDADE DE EXPRESSÃO NO MUNDO DO TRABALHO
Authors: Pachi Filho Fernando Felício
Published: November 2021

Neste artigo, refletimos sobre a realização de um estudo que visa mapear e definir as possibilidades de liberdade de expressão no mundo do trabalho, a partir do contato com organizações que se manifestam como alinhadas aos princípios de direitos humanos. O referencial teórico adotado inclui o binômio comunicação e trabalho e aportes da sociologia do trabalho. Do ponto de vista metodológico, nos valemos de notas realizadas em diário de pesquisa. A análise dos registros demonstra que o acesso a informações para além do discurso autorizado e divulgado pelas organizações se revela problemático e contraditório com as declarações públicas de apoio aos direitos humanos. Tal dificuldade aponta para um controle cotidiano característico da sociedade contemporânea em que a expressão de trabalhadores é vista como ameaça à estabilidade do discurso empresarial. Some-se a isso a incidência da cultura do silêncio que atravessa as relações sociais no Brasil.
TENSIONAMENTOS NARRATIVOS NA COBERTURA JORNALÍSTICA DE BARÃO DE COCAIS (MG)
Authors: Carvalho André Luís , Gomes Barbosa Karina , Maia Marta Regina
Published: November 2021

O estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, passou por dois acontecimentos relevantes em quatro anos: os rompimentos da Barragem do Fundão, em 2015, e da Mina Córrego do Feijão, em 2019. No rastro dessas ocorrências, a cidade de Barão de Cocais vive, desde maio de 2019, momentos de instabilidade com a iminência – anunciada pela mineradora Vale – do rompimento do talude da mina de Gongo Soco. A partir desse acontecimento, problematizamos a cobertura jornalística inicial de dois jornais mineiros, percebendo os tensionamentos entre as narrativas da mineradora e as das comunidades de Barão, tendo como metodologia a análise das marcas da apuração e da composição das matérias, considerando, por fim, que a cobertura privilegiou as informações da Vale, configurando sua hegemonia discursiva.
APPLICATION OF THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY IN EXAMINATION OF THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY PARAMETERS OF AZO DYES
Authors: Vaštag Đeni , Apostolov Suzana , Matijević Borko , Mrđan Gorana
Published: November 2021

Thanks to the wide range of applications, azo dyes have a special place among synthetic dyes. Also, the application of azo dyes is conditioned by their impact on humans and the environment. Lipophilicity as one of the most important molecular descriptors indicating the potential biological activity of the compound is determined experimentally for selected derivatives of azo dyes using reversed phase thin-layer chromatography (RP TLC18 F254s) in the mixtures of water and two organic modifiers. By using the relevant software packages for the studied azo dyes, the values of partition coefficient (log P) were calculated as standard measure of lipophilicity, important pharamacokinetic predictors and the values of the effective concetration (EC50) as the criteria of acute toxicity for different test organisms. The relationships between chromatographic parameters (RM 0 and m) and calculated biological activity parameters were studied by linear regression analysis.
ASSESSMENT OF ENAMEL SURFACE AFTER APPLICATION OF TUNGSTEN CARBIDE BUR FOR RESIDUAL ADHESIVE REMOVAL
Authors: Arapović Savić Marijana , Arbutina Adriana , Umićević Davidović Mirjana , Mirjanić Vladan , Kuzmanović Radman Irena
Published: November 2021

Enamel damage often occurs in a process of adhesive removal after the completion of therapy with fixed orthodontic appliances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the enamel surface after applying a 12-fluted round tungsten carbide bur for adhesive removal at different speeds of dental micro motor after debonding brackets. Material and method: On 40 human premolars, extracted for orthodontic purposes, metal brackets were bonded with composite material. After removing the brackets, the sample was divided into two groups: group A - 20 teeth from which the rest of the composite material was removed with a round tungsten carbide bur at 8,000 rotations per minute and group B - 20 teeth from which the rest of adhesive was removed with a round tungsten carbide bur at 32,000 rotations per minute. For each sample, four images were made under different magnifications by scanning electron microscopy, and the damage estimation was performed using the Enamel damage index (EDI) and Surface roughness index (SRI). Results: The most common EDI score on the overall level was 3 (62.5%), while the most commonly represented SRI score was 2 (52.5%). There was no statistically significant difference in the average values of the EDI index (t (38) = -.96, p> .05) and in the average SRI index values (t (38) = -. 89, p> .05) between two tooth examined groups. Conclusion: Enamel damage was found after applying a round tungsten carbide bur at 8,000 and 32,000 rpm. The number of rotations per minute did not affect the size of enamel damage.
Giant ankyrin-B mediates transduction of axon guidance and collateral branch pruning factor sema 3A
Authors: Creighton Blake A , Afriyie Simone , Ajit Deepa , Casingal Cristine R , Voos Kayleigh M , Reger Joan , Burch April M , Dyne Eric , Bay Julia , Huang Jeffrey K , Anton ES , Fu Meng-Meng , Lorenzo Damaris N
Published: November 2021

Variants in the high confident autism spectrum disorder (ASD) gene ANK2 target both ubiquitously expressed 220 kDa ankyrin-B and neurospecific 440 kDa ankyrin-B (AnkB440) isoforms. Previous work showed that knock-in mice expressing an ASD-linked Ank2 variant yielding a truncated AnkB440 product exhibit ectopic brain connectivity and behavioral abnormalities. Expression of this variant or loss of AnkB440 caused axonal hyperbranching in vitro, which implicated AnkB440 microtubule bundling activity in suppressing collateral branch formation. Leveraging multiple mouse models, cellular assays, and live microscopy, we show that AnkB440 also modulates axon collateral branching stochastically by reducing the number of F-actin-rich branch initiation points. Additionally, we show that AnkB440 enables growth cone (GC) collapse in response to chemorepellent factor semaphorin 3 A (Sema 3 A) by stabilizing its receptor complex L1 cell adhesion molecule/neuropilin-1. ASD-linked ANK2 variants failed to rescue Sema 3A-induced GC collapse. We propose that impaired response to repellent cues due to AnkB440 deficits leads to axonal targeting and branch pruning defects and may contribute to the pathogenicity of ANK2 variants.
Detecting security attacks in cyber-physical systems: a comparison of Mule and WSO2 intelligent IoT architectures
Authors: Roldán-Gómez José , Boubeta-Puig Juan , Pachacama-Castillo Gabriela , Ortiz Guadalupe , Martínez Jose Luis
Published: November 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm keeps growing, and many different IoT devices, such as smartphones and smart appliances, are extensively used in smart industries and smart cities. The benefits of this paradigm are obvious, but these IoT environments have brought with them new challenges, such as detecting and combating cybersecurity attacks against cyber-physical systems. This paper addresses the real-time detection of security attacks in these IoT systems through the combined used of Machine Learning (ML) techniques and Complex Event Processing (CEP). In this regard, in the past we proposed an intelligent architecture that integrates ML with CEP, and which permits the definition of event patterns for the real-time detection of not only specific IoT security attacks, but also novel attacks that have not previously been defined. Our current concern, and the main objective of this paper, is to ensure that the architecture is not necessarily linked to specific vendor technologies and that it can be implemented with other vendor technologies while maintaining its correct functionality. We also set out to evaluate and compare the performance and benefits of alternative implementations. This is why the proposed architecture has been implemented by using technologies from different vendors: firstly, the Mule Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) together with the Esper CEP engine; and secondly, the WSO2 ESB with the Siddhi CEP engine. Both implementations have been tested in terms of performance and stress, and they are compared and discussed in this paper. The results obtained demonstrate that both implementations are suitable and effective, but also that there are notable differences between them: the Mule-based architecture is faster when the architecture makes use of two message broker topics and compares different types of events, while the WSO2-based one is faster when there is a single topic and one event type, and the system has a heavy workload.
dinâmicas espaciais no centro de Gramado (RS-Brasil):
Authors: Berti Franciele , César Pedro de Alcântara Bittencourt
Published: November 2021

Os destinos turísticos consolidados muitas vezes caracterizam-se por mudanças de suas atividades e negócios, em que os agentes locais podem se ver deslocados de suas antigas funções em razão de investimentos de porte nacional e internacional. Este estudo objetiva reconhecer a existência de empreendedores locais dando suporte na atividade turística na área central de Gramado (RS). Esta condição faz-se necessária para um turismo comprometido com o desenvolvimento local quanto a aspectos social e econômico. Como percurso metodológico, identifica-se a origem dos estabelecimentos e faz-se uma associação acerca de seu aporte financeiro por meio de observação direta e indireta. Adota-se como recorte espacial a área central turística da cidade. Nesta pesquisa qualitativa, identificam-se linearmente 294 unidades funcionais deste ponto nevrálgico de circulação turística. Na abordagem compreende-se o processo de apropriação socioespacial ao contrastar os atuais proprietários com os anteriores e a ocupação dos lotes. A pesquisa também tem um suporte documental (textual e fotográfico). Observa-se a existência de uma estrutura marcante do turismo comprometido com os atores locais, embora o grande capital esteja pontualmente presente na área estudada. A questão de funcionalidade e a dinâmica fundiária caracterizam-se por um processo de gentrificação com a atividade turística suplantando as anteriores.
Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Adults Aged 18 Through 25 Years, 1976-2018
Authors: Ellison-Barnes Alejandra , Johnson Sara , Gudzune Kimberly
Published: November 2021

This study uses nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to examine changes in obesity prevalence in the US over the last 4 decades among adults aged 18 through 25 years.
Directional Statistics: Theory
Authors: Verdebout Thomas
Published: November 2021

In this article, we consider inference problems for data composed of directions. We review some of the classical techniques used to model and analyze such directional data. We provide several references for each considered topic.
Classification with a Neutral Zone
Authors: Jeske Daniel R.
Published: November 2021

Statistical classifiers are of limited use when one or both of the conditional misclassification rates is unacceptably high. Incorporating a neutral zone region into the classifier provides a mechanism to defer a classification decision for ambiguous cases. By using a neutral zone region the conditional misclassification rates can be controlled and the usefulness of the classifier is greatly enhanced. Neutral zone classifiers can also be incorporated into the first stage of a two‐stage classification procedure to reduce the cost of collecting expensive features.
Robustness of three external beam treatment techniques against inter‐fractional positional variations of the metal port in breast tissue expanders
Authors: Mayorov Keren , Lacasse Patricia , Ali Elsayed
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Temporary breast tissue expanders contain a metal port that varies in position throughout the course of radiation treatments. The purpose of this study was to quantify the robustness of the three most common external beam treatment techniques (tangential three‐dimensional conformal radiation therapy [3DCRT], volumetric modulated arc therapy [VMAT], and helical tomotherapy) against our measured inter‐fractional positional variations of the port.

Methods

For eight breast cases, a clinical plan was created for each of the three techniques. The dosimetric effect of our previously measured inter‐fractional port errors was evaluated for two classes of error: internal port errors (IPEs) and patient registration errors (PREs). For both classes of error, daily variable and systematic errors were modeled, and their cumulative effects were compared against the originally planned doses.

Results

For systematic IPE, the 1%–99% range in point dose differences inside a 5‐mm target abutting the implant was the highest for tangential 3DCRT, and it was within 6% and 9% when calculated with Monte Carlo and collapsed cone calculation engines, respectively. Daily variable PRE resulted in mean changes of −3.0% and −3.5% to V100%Rx of the target for VMAT and tomotherapy, respectively. For nearby organs, daily variable PRE resulted in changes to V20Gy of the ipsilateral lung of less than 2% in all three techniques, while V5Gy of the heart increased by as much as 6% in VMAT and 10% in tomotherapy.

Conclusions

When IPEs were modeled, dose variability was the largest in tangential 3DCRT, leading to areas of underdosage in the shadow of the port. When PREs were modeled, the target coverage and nearby organs were affected the most in VMAT and helical tomotherapy. In reality, port positional errors result from a combination of IPE and PRE, suggesting that VMAT and tomotherapy are more robust when patient registration errors are minimized, despite the presence of IPE.
When a Diagnosis Has No Name: Uncertainty and Opportunity
Authors: Lockshin Michael D. , Crow Mary K. , Barbhaiya Medha
Published: November 2021

Diagnostic uncertainty, commonly encountered in rheumatology and other fields of medicine, is an opportunity: Stakeholders who understand uncertainty's causes and quantitate its effects can reduce uncertainty and can use uncertainty to improve medical practice, science, and administration. To articulate, bring attention to, and offer recommendations for diagnostic uncertainty, the Barbara Volcker Center at the Hospital for Special Surgery sponsored, in April 2021, a virtual international workshop, “When a Diagnosis Has No Name.” This paper summarizes the opinions of 72 stakeholders from the fields of medical research, industry, federal regulatory agencies, insurers, hospital management, medical philosophy, public media, health care law, clinical rheumatology, other specialty areas of medicine, and patients. Speakers addressed the effects of diagnostic uncertainty in their fields. The workshop addressed the following six questions: What is a diagnosis? What are the purposes of diagnoses? How do doctors assign diagnoses? What is uncertainty? What are its causes? How does understanding uncertainty offer opportunities to improve all fields of medicine? The workshop's conveners systematically reviewed video recordings of formal presentations, video recordings of open discussion periods, manuscripts, and slide files submitted by the speakers to develop consensus take‐home messages, which were as follows: Diagnostic uncertainty causes harm when patients lack access to laboratory test and treatments, do not participate in research studies, are not counted in administrative and public health documents, and suffer humiliation in their interactions with others. Uncertainty offers opportunities, such as quantifying uncertainty, using statistical technologies and automated intelligence to stratify patient groups by level of uncertainty, using a common vocabulary, and considering the effects of time.
Single Crystals Heterogeneity Impacts the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Properties of Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Fuchs Adrian , Mannhardt Petra , Hirschle Patrick , Wang Haoze , Zaytseva Irina , Ji Zhe , Yaghi Omar , Wuttke Stefan , Ploetz Evelyn
Published: November 2021

At present, an enormous characterization gap exists between the study of the crystal structure of a material and its bulk properties. Individual particles falling within this gap cannot be fully characterized in a correlative manner by current methods. The authors address this problem by exploiting the noninvasive nature of optical microscopy and spectroscopy for the correlative analysis of metal‐organic framework particles in situ. They probe the intrinsic as well as extrinsic properties in a correlated manner. The authors show that the crystal shape of MIL‐88A strongly impacts its optical absorption. Furthermore, the question of how homogeneously water is distributed and adsorbed within one of the most promising materials for harvesting water from humid air, MOF‐801, is addressed. The results demonstrate the considerable importance of the particle level and how it can affect the property of the material.
Soluble ICAM‐1 a Pivotal Communicator between Tumors and Macrophages, Promotes Mesenchymal Shift of Glioblastoma
Authors: Yoo Ki‐Chun , Kang Jae‐Hyeok , Choi Mi‐Young , Suh Yongjoon , Zhao Yi , Kim Min‐Jung , Chang Jong Hee , Shim Jin‐Kyoung , Yoon Seon‐Jin , Kang Seok‐Gu , Lee Su‐Jae
Published: November 2021

Despite aggressive clinical treatment, recurrence of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is unavoidable, and the clinical outcome is still poor. A convincing explanation is the phenotypic transition of GBM cells upon aggressive treatment such as radiotherapy. However, the microenvironmental factors contributing to GBM recurrence after treatment remain unexplored. Here, it is shown that radiation‐treated GBM cells produce soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1) which stimulates the infiltration of macrophages, consequently enriching the tumor microenvironment with inflammatory macrophages. Acting as a paracrine factor, tumor‐derived sICAM‐1 induces macrophages to secrete wingless‐type MMTV integration site family, member 3A (WNT3A), which promotes a mesenchymal shift of GBM cells. In addition, blockade of either sICAM‐1 or WNT3A diminishes the harmful effect of radiation on tumor progression. Collectively, the findings indicate that cellular crosstalk between GBM and macrophage through sICAM‐1‐WNT3A oncogenic route is involved in the mesenchymal shift of GBM cells after radiation, and suggest that radiotherapy combined with sICAM‐1 targeted inhibition would improve the clinical outcome of GBM patients.
Intracellular Thermal Probing Using Aggregated Fluorescent Nanodiamonds
Authors: Wu Tianli , Chen Xixi , Gong Zhiyong , Yan Jiahao , Guo Jinghui , Zhang Yao , Li Yuchao , Li Baojun
Published: November 2021

Intracellular thermometry provides important information about the physiological activity of single cells and has been implemented using diverse temperature‐sensitive materials as nanoprobes. However, measuring the temperature of specific organelles or subcellular structures is challenging because it requires precise positioning of the nanoprobes. Here, it is shown that dispersed fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) endocytosed in living cells can be aggregated into microspheres using optical forces and used as intracellular temperature probes. The aggregation of the FNDs and electromagnetic resonance between individual nanodiamonds in the microspheres lead to a sevenfold intensity enhancement of 546‐nm laser excitation. With the assistance of a scanning optical tweezing system, the FND microspheres can be precisely patterned and positioned within the cells. By measuring the fluorescence spectra of the microspheres, the temperatures at different locations within the cells are detected. The method provides an approach to the constructing and positioning of nanoprobes in an intracellular manner, which has potential applications in high‐precision and flexible single‐cell analysis.
Heavy‐Atom‐Free Room‐Temperature Phosphorescent Rylene Imide for High‐Performing Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Liang Ningning , Liu Guogang , Hu Deping , Wang Kai , Li Yan , Zhai Tianrui , Zhang Xinping , Shuai Zhigang , Yan He , Hou Jianhui , Wang Zhaohui
Published: November 2021

Organic phosphorescence, originating from triplet excitons, has potential for the development of new generation of organic optoelectronic materials. Herein, two heavy‐atom‐free room‐temperature phosphorescent (RTP) electron acceptors with inherent long lifetime triplet exctions are first reported. These two 3D‐fully conjugated rigid perylene imide (PDI) multimers, as the best nonfullerene wide‐bandgap electron acceptors, exhibit a significantly elevated T1 of ≈2.1 eV with a room‐temperature phosphorescent emission (τ = 66 µs) and a minimized singlet–triplet splitting as low as ≈0.13 eV. The huge spatial congestion between adjacent PDI skeleton endows them with significantly modified electronic characteristics of S1 and T1. This feature, plus with the fully‐conjugated rigid molecular configuration, balances the intersystem crossing rate and fluorescence/phosphorescence rates, and therefore, elevating ET1 to ≈2.1 from 1.2 eV for PDI monomer. Meanwhile, the highly delocalized feature enables the triplet charge‐transfer excitons at donor–acceptor interface effectively dissociate into free charges, endowing the RTP electron acceptor based organic solar cells (OSCs) with a high internal quantum efficiency of 84% and excellent charge collection capability of 94%. This study introduces an alternative strategy for designing PDI derivatives with high‐triplet state‐energy and provides revelatory insights into the fundamental electronic characteristics, photophysical mechanism, and photo‐to‐current generation pathway.
Controlling Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination at Tin(I) via Hemi‐Lability
Authors: Caise Alexa , Crumpton Agamemnon E. , Vasko Petra , Hicks Jamie , McManus Caitilín , Rees Nicholas H. , Aldridge Simon
Published: November 2021

We report on the synthesis of a distannyne supported by a pincer ligand bearing pendant amine donors that is capable of reversibly activating E‐H bonds at one or both of the tin centres through dissociation of the hemi‐labile N‐Sn donor/acceptor interactions. This chemistry can be exploited to sequentially (and reversibly) assemble mixed‐valence chains of tin atoms of the type ArSn{Sn(Ar)H}nSnAr (n=1, 2). The experimentally observed (decreasing) propensity towards chain growth with increasing chain length can be rationalized both thermodynamically and kinetically by the electron‐ withdrawing properties of the ‐Sn(Ar)H‐ backbone units generated via oxidative addition.