bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expression of CDX2, CK20 and CK7 in the epithelium of the gastric mucosa in schoolchildren with CagA H. pylori-associated gastritis
Authors: Vshivkov V. A. , Polivanova T. V. , Kasparov E. V.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To study the association of protein expression CDX2, CK20, CK7 in the epithelium of the gastric mucosa in schoolchildren with CagA H. pylori-associated gastritis. Material and methods. Gastroscopy was performed with the collection of biopsy material from the mucous membrane of the antrum and body of the stomach in 89 schoolchildren (7-17 years old) with gastroenterological complaints. The morphological method confirmed the diagnosis of gastritis and determined the presence of H. pylori. Gastric biopsies were examined immunohistochemically to identify the proteins CDX2, CK20, CK7 in the epithelium. Blood was also collected to determine the CagA strain of H. pylori using enzyme immunoassay. Results. In schoolchildren infected with CagA H. pylori, higher expression of CK7 was found in both parts of the stomach (in the body (p = 0.044), in the antrum (p = 0.014)) compared to uninfected children. Changes in the expression of CDX2 and CK20 in children infected with H. pylori CagA have not been established. CDX2 protein was detected more often among schoolchildren aged 12-17 years with H. pylori infection than in children without H. pylori (p = 0.062) and in children with CagA H. pylori (p = 0.017). In the group of younger children with CagA H. pylori, there were higher levels of CK7 expression in the epithelium of the antrum of the stomach, compared with uninfected children (p = 0.033). They also had higher CK7 in the body than in CagA H. pylori-associated gastritis in children of the older age group (p = 0.001). Boys with CagA H. pylori had the highest expression of CK7 in the gastric body, which was higher than in uninfected boys (p = 0.021). Conclusion. Thus, in children, the features of the association of CDX2, CK20, CK7 with CagA H. pylori-associated gastritis have been established, including depending on the age and gender of the child.
Digestive system and mitochondrial diseases in children
Authors: Gumeniuk O. I. , Glushakov I. A. , Chernenkov Yu. V. , Bochkarev I. A. , Gafurova G. V. , Sukhushina E. E.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the features of lesions of the digestive system in children with mitochondrial diseases. Mitochondria play an important role in cellular metabolism as they are responsible for producing the majority of cellular energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate. Mutations in mitochondrial genes responsible for the functioning of mitochondria can lead to various forms of mitochondrial diseases. These diseases may present with the following clinical symptoms: muscle weakness, movement disorders, neurological symptoms, impaired motility and absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases can be challenging due to genetic and clinical heterogeneity. Treatment currently remains a pressing problem, as research in this area is being actively conducted and new methods are emerging aimed at the therapy and treatment of these rare diseases.
Evaluation of antibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein in children with obesity of different degrees
Authors: Evdokimova N. V. , Podorova L. A. , Novikova V. P. , Komissarova M. Yu. , Gurina O. P. , Varlamova O. N. , Blinov A. E.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The interest in the study of anti-oxidized low-density lipoproteins (anti-oxLDL) is due to their association with the development and progression of atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. Purpose of the study. To study the level of antibodies of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (anti-oxLDL) in serum in obese children. Materials and Methods. 76 children aged 5 to 17 years participated in the study. A standard objective and laboratory examination was performed, including physical and sexual development, lipidogram and anti-oxLDL levels. To assess anthropometric data, the standard deviation coefficient was calculated using the Auxology application. The parameters of fat metabolism were determined according to the data of blood biochemical analysis. The content of anti-oxLDL was determined by immuno-enzymatic analysis using test kits “Biomedica”. Results. According to the results of the examination the patients were divided into three groups: group 1 included 36 children with constitutional-exogenous obesity and increased level of anti-oxLDL, group 2-30 patients with constitutional-exogenous obesity and normal level of anti-oxLDL, group 3-10 healthy children. The level of antibodies to oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDL) in obese children is 11.6 times higher compared to healthy children. The antibody titer in prepubertal children is 2206 [1809;2603] IU/mL, and in adolescents it is 1505.5 [1109;1902] IU/mL. The highest values of anti-oxLDL levels were observed in patients with 1st degree obesity 2623 [2245;3001] IU/mL and 3rd degree obesity 2914.5 [2678;3151] IU/mL. Conclusion. High of anti-oxLDL levels were found in pre-pubertal children with obesity, especially in 1st and 3rd degree obesity. In obese children, the level of anti-oxLDL has a direct correlation with the duration of the underlying disease and the increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Further studies are needed on the role of anti-OCOLDL as an early predictor of atherosclerosis in clidren with obesity.
Changes of the microbiome as a predictor of comorbidity in gastrostomy patients
Authors: Kuznetsova Yu. V. , Novikova V. P. , Kuzmina D. A. , Zavyalova A. N. , Afanasyeva U. V. , Gavshchuk M. V. , Lisovskii O. V.
Published: October 2024

Dysphagia as a symptom of dysfunction of the digestive system occurs in patients with various pathologies and in severe cases requires the formation of a nutrient fistula. The presence of a stoma is a source of additional pathological changes. Changes in the microbiota of gastrostomy patients is an issue that is practically not covered in the scientific literature. The purpose of the study is to determine characteristic changes in the microbiota of the oral cavity, stomach and intestines caused by nutritional stoma and their clinical significance. Materials and methods. The study included 20 children fed through a gastrostomy tube and 10 children fed by mouth. Group 1 consisted of patients with a gastrostomy installed in less than 1 year, group 2 - in periods of more than 1 year, group 3 - children without gastrostomy. All patients underwent a standard examination in a gastroenterological hospital and 16S rRNA sequencing of aspirates from 3 biotopes - mouth, stomach and intestines. An assessment of physical development and bioimpedance measurements was carried out, and a group of patients with sarcopenia was identified. Results. In all three biotopes of patients with gastrostomies, a pronounced disturbance of microbiological homeostasis was found. In the oral cavity, the number of anti-carious microorganisms is reduced and, on the contrary, the level of periodontogenic strains is increased. This fact is the cause of the occurrence of comorbid conditions and requires the appointment of local therapy with probiotic strains approved for use. Changes in the gastric microbiome after gastrostomy placement are characterized by a high degree of H. pylori contamination against the background of a decrease in anti-inflammatory protection. Determining the level of bacteria of the genera Prevotella, Parabacteroides, Porphyromonas in the stomach can become a marker of concomitant chronic inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane of the upper gastrointestinal tract, a high risk of developing peptic ulcers and its complications. The state of the gut microbiome correlates with underweight, BMI, proportion of fat mass and active cell mass. The development of sarcopenia in gastrostomy patients is one of the possible dangerous comorbid conditions, one of the diagnostic criteria of which is a decrease in the level of Phylum Fusobacteriota bacteria.
Bifidumbacterin forte in the treatment of acute viral hepatitis
Authors: Zhdanovich L. G. , Martynov V. A.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. In patients with acute viral hepatitis A and B, favorable conditions are created for the development of dysbacteriosis. As a result, the toxic load on the liver increases. For effective treatment of acute viral hepatitis A and B, it is necessary to examine for intestinal dysbiosis before and after treatment and subsequent correction of identified disorders. Aim. To study the clinical course, functional state of the liver, intestinal microflora in patients with acute viral hepatitis A and B and the effectiveness of using bifidumbacterin forte for the correction of intestinal microflora. Materials and methods. The work used clinical and laboratory data from 54 patients with acute viral hepatitis A and B. The main group of patients received bifidumbacterin forte against the background of basic therapy. Patients in the comparison group were on traditional therapy. Clinical, biochemical, bacteriological parameters were observed before the start of therapy and 15 days after its start, serological markers - upon admission. Results. During the therapy, in patients of the main group, the disappearance of intoxication, lethargy, weakness, pain, and normalization of liver size were observed earlier in comparison with the control group. Symptoms of pigment metabolism disorders disappeared significantly earlier: yellowness of the skin, itching of the skin, changes in the color of urine and feces. A dynamic study of liver tests demonstrated a more rapid reverse development of biochemical disorders of the functional state of the liver in patients who received bifidumbacterin forte as part of complex treatment. Conclusion. The use of bifidumbacterin forte in patients with acute viral hepatitis A and B against the background of basic treatment has a positive effect on some clinical manifestations, biochemical parameters, and individual components of the intestinal microflora.
Pharmacological Correction of Gastrointestinal Motility in Patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Butov M. A. , Msakni M. . , Butova V. M. , Vasilevskaya A. S. , Esakova E. M. , Vikulin S. V.
Published: October 2024

Actuality. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) represent a significant public public health issue. The foundation of effective therapy for FGID with overlap syndrome - functional dyspepsia (FD, epigastric pain syndrome) with gastric hypersecretion and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-is considered to be pathogenetic therapy or the combined use of symptomatic medications. Aim. Assessment of the impact of pathophysiological therapy with the drug Kolofort and symptomatic treatments, including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the myotropic antispasmodic mebeverine hydrochloride in prolonged-release capsules, on the clinical manifestations of FGIDs with overlap syndrome - FD (pain syndrome in the epigastric region) with gastric hypersecretion and IBS - includes evaluating effects on myoelectric activity of the gastrointestinal tract. Design. (conception) An open cohort-controlled comparative study on the effects of Kolofort, omeprazole, rabeprazole, and mebeverine hydrochloride in prolonged-release capsules on intestinal motility in patients with FGID and overlap syndrome - functional dyspepsia (FD, epigastric pain syndrome) with gastric hypersecretion and IBS. Materials and Methods. A total of 107 patients suffering from FGID with overlap syndrome - functional dyspepsia (FD, epigastric pain syndrome) with gastric hypersecretion and IBS - were examined. Results. A one-month course of Kolofort significantly improved the psychological status of IBS patients and enhanced intestinal myoelectric activity. Since there is no available literature on Kolofort’s effect on gastric secretion levels, PPIs and mebeverine hydrochloride were used in the treatment of patients with FGID - FD (epigastric pain syndrome) with gastric hypersecretion and IBS overlap syndrome. The use of PPIs, such as omeprazole and rabeprazole, in these patients eliminated gastric hypersecretion and abdominal pain. Rabeprazole demonstrated faster effects than omeprazole and also normalized gastrointestinal motility more efficiently. For patients with FGIDs - FD with gastric hypersecretion and overlap syndrome with IBS, a combined therapy of omeprazole and the myotropic antispasmodic mebeverine hydrochloride in prolonged-release capsules is recommended. This combination, within two weeks, resolved clinical symptoms in 97% of cases, improved the quality of life, and normalized intestinal motility and gastrointestinal myoelectric activity. However, monotherapy with rabeprazole at a daily dose of 20 mg more rapidly addressed symptoms of gastric hypersecretion and and normalized gastrointestinal motility.
Results of expression microarray analysis of tumor tissue from patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Kulikov E. P. , Mertsalov S. A. , Strel’Nikov V. V. , Kalinkin A. I. , Shumskaya E. I. , Piskunov R. O.
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression profile and search for markers of progression in tumor tissue in colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods - Tumor tissue samples obtained from videocolonoscopy in patients with verified colorectal cancer served as the material for the study. A total of 37 specimens were involved in the study. Of these, there were 14 samples with a “favorable” prognosis and 23 with an “unfavorable” prognosis. The quality and quantity of ribonucleic acid in the eluted solution were evaluated using an IMPLEN nanospectrophotometer (Germany). A SurePrint G3 HumanGeneExpv3 ArrayKit microarray kit (Agilent, USA) was used to assess gene expression. Microarrays were scanned on an InnoScan 1100 AL (USA) with subsequent image processing using Mapix Software (USA). For the procedure of searching for differentially expressed genes, we used the Moderated t-statistics method, which is implemented in the limma package. Results - Based on the scatter plot, the most divergent genes in samples with and without progression were selected. The following markers were selected: Marker9 (GZMB), Marker5 (CXCL11), Marker3 (SYNE4), Marker20 (MIR4432HG), Marker19 (ZDHHC11), Marker11 (COL17A1), Marker13 (ZDHHC11B), Marker17 (AGR3). Low-expressing genes mainly affected DNA replication and cell cycle pathways, whereas high-expressing genes affected metabolic pathways. Conclusions - We found an association of long-term outcomes with the expression of the gene combination ZDHHC11, MIR4432HG, and GZMB. Further study of this gene combination and increased sampling will allow the construction of a test system for predicting the course and response to treatment of patients with colorectal cancer.
Liver damage in galactosemia type I: a literary review
Authors: Gudkov R. A. , Fedina N. V. , Dmitriev A. V. , Petrova V. I. , Shatskaya E. E.
Published: October 2024

Galactosemia is a rare hereditary disease associated with impaired galactose metabolism, which is characterized by a wide range of clinical syndromes. Most long-term observations are devoted to the study of neurological, ophthalmological and reproductive disorders. Liver damage in galactosemia is one of the central manifestations of the disease, determining the severity and prognosis of the disease, mainly in the neonatal period. The lack of timely dietary correction in the neonatal period leads to severe liver damage with the development of cirrhosis, portal hypertension and liver failure. An information search has shown that prolonged and catamnestic studies on the condition of the liver in children with various variants of galactosemia, in particular, against the background of dietary correction, are few. Most studies show significant reversibility of hepatopathy on the background of diet (even with severe manifestation), however, the number of such publications is not large and the issue requires further research.
The use of argon plasma coagulation in ruptured hemorrhagic syndrome (Mallory-Weiss syndrome) complicated by ongoing bleeding
Authors: Zavyalov M. O. , Zolotareva N. A.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of argon plasma coagulation for endoscopic hemostasis in Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Materials and methods: on the basis of a clinical observation of a patient admitted to the emergency department of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Moscow Region of the Children’s Central City Hospital with complaints of vomiting of scarlet blood, dark stools, weakness, dizziness. The patient underwent emergency EGDS. Results: According to the EGDS data, a linear mucosal rupture was detected in the lower third of the esophagus along the posterior wall with a transition to the stomach cardia along the lesser curvature, about 8-9 cm long (5 cm in the esophagus, 3-4 cm in the stomach), up to 2 cm deep. -3 mm, from the rupture there is a flow of scarlet blood of medium intensity, in the bottom of the defect, fibers of the submucosal and muscular layers were determined. Endoscopic hemostasis was performed: argon plasma coagulation of the rupture of the mucous membrane of the esophagus and stomach. Against the background of endoscopic treatment by argon plasma coagulation in a patient with a long rupture, hemostasis was achieved and surgical treatment was avoided, which could aggravate the condition and lengthen the treatment time. Conclusions: Argon plasma coagulation as a non-contact method of hemostasis has a limited penetration depth and is safer and more effective than other (contact) electrocoagulation methods, where, as a rule, it is difficult to control the depth of exposure. The use of this method improves the efficiency of endoscopic hemostasis, reduces economic costs, and reduces the patient’s stay in bed.
Possibilities and features of endoscopic removal of epithelial colorectal neoplasms on an outpatient basis
Authors: Mecheva L. V. , Vakurova E. S. , Efimova V. P.
Published: October 2024

In the fight against colorectal cancer, there is a growing demand for more endoscopic procedures to remove colonic epithelial neoplasia. It is relevant and possible to carry out such interventions without prolonged hospitalization. The results of 330 endoscopic operations performed in the endoscopic department at a level III institution of outpatient care for the adult population of the Moscow region are presented. The method removing neoplasia was determined by the available equipment and recommendations. 1500 colon neoplasia were removed, no intraoperative complications were noted, the frequency of postoperative complications as bleeding was 0.6%.
Endoscopic diagnosis of laryngeal precancerous lesions and early laryngeal cancer
Authors: Kulakovskaya M. Yu. , Pirogov S. S. , Telegina L. V. , Sukhin D. G.
Published: October 2024

ISince laryngeal cancer currently occupies a leading position in frequency of occurrence among all tumors of the upper respiratory tract of modern humans, the importance of its detection at an early stage of development cannot be overestimated. Existing diagnostic methods using rigid endoscopes, including direct and indirect laryngoscopy, have significant limitations in a number of patients. The use of modern video endoscopic technology allows diagnosing precancerous lesions and laryngeal cancer at an early stage of the tumor process, which significantly expands the possibilities of minimally invasive organ-preserving treatment.
Anthrenus sarnicus Mroczkowski (Coleoptera: Dermestidae: Megatominae): a peculiar species indeed
Authors: Holloway Graham J. , Pinniger David B.
Published: October 2024

In several respects, Anthrenus (Anthrenodes) sarnicus Mroczkowski, 1962, is a 'peculiar species', a term used by Mroczkowski (1962) to describe the structure of the male genitalia. Here we review what is known about the species' distribution, carry out a morphological
examination, and present images of the male and female genitalia.
Fossil halictine bees from the Upper Miocene of Murat, France (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S. , Nel André
Published: October 2024

The first fossil halictine bees (Halictidae: Halictinae) are described from the Upper Miocene (Messinian) diatomites of the Konservat-Lagerstätte of Sainte-Reine, near Murat, France. Two partial specimens are documented, one of the subtribe Gastrohalictina with its characteristic
weakened distal wing venation, and the other of the subtribe Halictina. The fossils are described as Lasioglossum (Dialictus) muratense sp. n. and Halictus? messinicus sp. n.
Rediscovery of Banchus crefeldensis Ulbricht (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Banchinae) in Ireland
Authors: O'Reilly Noreen , Boparai Jaswinder S.
Published: October 2024

A male Banchus crefeldensis Ulbricht, 1916, collected from Esknamucky Glen, Co. Kerry (a new county record), is documented with extensive photographs as the first Irish record of the species since 1936.
Are Dermaptera the hosts of the genus Orionis S. R. Shaw (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae)?
Authors: Bendixen Lennart , Shaw Mark R.
Published: October 2024

An observed and photographed instance of apparent oviposition by the euphorine braconid Orionis coxator into an adult female of the earwig Apterygida albipennis is reported from Saxony, Germany. If verified by future work this would be the first host known for the genus
Orionis and the first known ichneumonoid primary parasitoid of Dermaptera. This preliminary publication aims to enable others to seek the necessary confirmation.
Analysis of the De Bruijn--Newman Constant and Its Implications for the Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Shree Raghu Raj
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the De Bruijn–Newman constant Λ and itsimplications for the Riemann Hypothesis, one of the most significant unsolvedproblems in mathematics. By analyzing the integral H(0, z) and the associatedseries Φ(u), we explore the conditions under which the Riemann Hypothesisholds true. Our results demonstrate that H(0, z) = 0 for all real and complexvalues of z, suggesting that Λ ̸= 0. This finding challenges the validity of theRiemann Hypothesis, indicating that it may not hold. The paper highlightsthe need for further investigation to fully understand the relationship betweenthe De Bruijn–Newman constant and the distribution of zeros in the Riemannzeta function.
Boletim do Legislativo Estadual do Acre: análise das proposições apresentadas e aprovadas pela Assembleia (2007-2024)
Authors: Manes Matteo de Barros , Schaefer Bruno Marques , Feres Joao , Santos Fabiano Guilherme Mendes
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste boletim é analisar a produção legislativa da Assembleia Legislativa do Estado do Acre, com base em dados coletados pela equipe do projeto LEGAL no Acre, abrangendo o período de 2007 a 2024. Foi observado que o Poder Executivo enfrenta pouca resistência para aprovar sua agenda, mantendo uma alta taxa de sucesso ao longo de todo o período analisado, embora não detenha controle total sobre tudo o que é aprovado. O Legislativo também apresentou altas taxas de aprovação, com destaque para os membros do partido do governador. No entanto, a maioria das proposições de origem legislativa tratava de temas de baixa relevância. Ao comparar a atuação de parlamentares homens e mulheres, constatou-se que as deputadas foram, em quase todas as legislaturas, mais bem-sucedidas na aprovação de suas proposições. A filiação ao partido do governador não apresentou o mesmo impacto observado entre os parlamentares homens, uma vez que deputadas de diferentes partidos obtiveram taxas de sucesso semelhantes. Em relação às temáticas, embora exista uma ligeira diferença na produção entre gêneros, de modo geral, as proposições das deputadas seguiram a tendência de menor relevância observada no conjunto da legislatura.
Antisemitism and anti-Israel Displays at American Medical School Commencement Ceremonies in 2024
Authors: Roth Steven , Wald Hedy
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Antisemitism has been increasing in U.S. medicine since the Hamas attack on Israel of October 7, 2023. This included anecdotal reports of antisemitic and anti-Israel displays at medical school commencements. We studied such behavior at the 25 top-ranked U.S. medical schools’ commencements in 2024, which has significance given these graduates are expected to be future leaders. Materials and Methods. Based on publicly-available videotaped 2024 commencements, we determined the number of students in the graduating classes wearing regalia, or carrying signs, wearing buttons, or engaging in verbal protests related to the Israel-terror groups conflict and which were either openly antisemitic, anti-Israel, or could be perceived as offensive or insensitive. Results. At 2024 commencements, symbols representing antisemitic themes (keffiyehs and 3-part graduation stoles conveying antisemitic messages) were worn by students at just under half (12) of the schools. The mean number of students in each school wearing keffiyehs or these stoles was 4.0 (95% confidence interval, CI = 2.2-5.8), ranging from 0-13% of the classes, or 2.5% of the overall graduating cohort. The wearing of buttons, carrying banners, signs, verbal protests interrupting the ceremony, or with students deviating from script ranged from 0-22.5% of graduating students, with a mean of 2.7 per school (95% CI -0.8-6.2), or 1.7% of the graduating cohort. Conclusions. We identified new behavior at commencements of top-ranked medical schools comprised of antisemitism, anti-Israel displays, and displaying offensive and insensitive symbols and messaging. There is an urgent need for medical schools in the U.S. to educate medical trainees about the dangers of antisemitism and all forms of hate and insensitivity.
Voluntary Musical Imagery in Music Practice: Contextual Meaning, Neuroscientific Mechanisms and Practical Applications
Authors: Meng Chen , Luck Geoff
Published: October 2024

Practice is acknowledged as a crucial facilitator for musicians to achieve performance excellence. Despite the rich literature on incorporating musical imagery intentionally to improve one’s practice efficacy, limitations remain in the understanding of voluntary musical imagery (VMI) in the context of musical practice. Therefore, our aims in this review are threefold. First, we enriched the interpretation of VMI in the context of music practice through the lens of embodied cognition. Second, we integrated neuroscientific findings to elucidate how the deliberate use of musical imagery parallels physical practice in effectiveness. Third, we synthesize work on the application of VMI in enhancing musical learning from both theoretical and practical perspectives. By providing an integrated overview of voluntary musical imagery, we highlight gaps in the literature and encourage further research on 1) the impact of embodied experiences on VMI formation, 2) optimal imagery content and ratio combination to establish a personalized intervention protocol for more effective musical pedagogy, and 3) on physiological measures to access VMI effectiveness. Additionally, we highlight the crucial implications of VMI for researchers, performers, and music educators.
Computational and Combinatorial Enumeration of Poset Matrices
Authors: Mwafise Arnauld Mesinga
Published: October 2024

This paper is a sequel of arXiv:2401.06814; here a computational algorithm is presented to enumerate poset matrices generated from their operad and partial composition operations. The results of this enumeration procedure leads to the first known connections of poset matrices to the combinatorial sequences representing the large Schroeder numbers, super-Catalan numbers, and Fibonaccinumbers. In addition, a set of efficient algorithms are introduced for the classification of poset matrices in terms of their different forms of duality, connectivity, and series-parallelism. Poset matrices generated from operad and partial composition operations are also enumerated based on this classification. An open source Python implementation of all the algorithms described in this paper is provided.
Investigating the effect of using viscous dampers in improving the performance of bending frames Steel against progressive failure using nonlinear dynamic analysis
Authors: Hatami Dezdarani Vahid , Nisi Deghlawi Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2024

دراين پروهش، اثر استفاده از ميراكرهاى ويسكوز بر پتانسيل خرابى پيشرونده قابهاى خمشى فولادى با نعداد طبقات مختلف و با استفاده از روش مسير جايكزين و تحليل ديناميكى غيرخطى با سناريوى حذف ستون هاى كنارى وميانى، مورد بررسى قرار كرفته است. به همين منظور قاب هاى خمشى فولادى ٥ ،٣ و ٨ طبقه ٣ دهانه با عرض دهانه ٥ مترى كه در مجموع ١٢ مدل مى باشند، جهت بررسى پتانسيل خرابى پيشرونده، با استفاده از نرم افزار Sap2000 مورد بررسى قرار كَرفتهاند. خروجى هاى مورد بررسى در مدلها شامل تغييرمكان كَره بالاى ستون حذف شده، تعداد و سطح عملكرد مفاصل پلاستيك ايجاد شده و DCR نير و ستون بحرانى مى باشند. نتايج تحليل هاى انجام شده بر روى مدلها نشان داد كه بطور كلى با افزايش تعداد طبقات، پتانسيل خرابى پيشرونده در قابها در حالت حذف ستون ميانى و كنارى در طبقه همكف كاهش بيدا مى كند. نتايج تحليل به وضوح نشان داد كه استفاده از ميراكر ويسكوز در قابهاى خمشى فولادى باعث بهبود عملكرد سازه و كاهش پتانسيل خرابى پيشرونده در آن ميشود. ضمن اينكه حذف ستون ميانى نسبت به ستون كنارى، باعث ايجاد مفاصل پلاستيك بيشترى در اعضاى سازهاى شده و پتانسيل خرابى در سازه را افزايش مى دهد.
Investigating new methods of dynamic analysis in structures against earthquakes
Authors: Hatami Dezdarani Vahid , Pour Mohammadi Mohammad Hossein
Published: October 2024

این مقاله به بررسی روشهای نوین تحلیل دینامیکی سازهها در برابر زلزله میپردازد که شامل تحلیلهای خطی و غیرخطی، شبیهسازیهای کامپیوتری و روشهای ترکیبی است. با توجه به اهمیت روزافزون طراحی سازههای مقاوم دربرابر زلزله به منظور کاهش خسارات جانی و مالی، استفاده از روشهای پیشرفته و دقیق تحلیل دینامیکی امری ضروری در دهههای اخیر، پیشرفتهای قابل توجهی در زمینه مدلسازی رفتار سازهها در برابر زلزله صورت گرفته است. روشهای سنتی تحلیل، همچون تحلیل خطی و طیفی، علیرغم سادگی و کاربردی بودن، به دلیل ناتوانی در مدلسازیرفتار غیرخطی سازهها تحت بارهای زلزله، محدودیتهای زیادی داشتند. در مقابل، روشهای غیرخطی و شبیهسازیهای کامپیوتری امکان مدلسازی دقیقتر و پیشبینی بهتر پاسخ سازهها را فراهم میکننددر این مقاله، ابتدا به مرور مختصری از روشهای سنتی تحلیل دینامیکی و نقاط ضعف آنها پرداخته شده است. سپس،روشهای پیشرفتهتری مانند تحلیل تاریخچه زمانی، تحلیل غیرخطی افزایشی(Pushover Analysis) ، و روشهای برپایه شبیهسازی کامپیوتری با استفاده از نرمافزارهای پیشرفتهای چون SAP2000 و ANSYS بررسی میشوند نتایج حاصل از مقایسه این روشها نشان میدهد که روشهای غیرخطی و شبیهسازیهای کامپیوتری دارای دقت بالاتری در پیشبینی رفتار سازهها هستند و میتوانند به طور موثری در کاهش خطرات ناشی از زلزله کمک کنند. همچنین، .روشهای ترکیبی که از مزایای روشهای مختلف بهره میبرند، نشاندهنده عملکرد بهینهتری در برخی موارد هستنداین مقاله همچنین به بررسی کاربردهای عملی این روشها در طراحی و ساخت سازههای مقاوم در برابر زلزله پرداخته و مزایا و معایب هر یک را مورد بحث قرار میدهد. در پایان، توصیههایی برای تحقیقات آینده و استفاده بهینه از این روشها در صنعت ساختمان ارائه میشود. امید است که نتایج این پژوهش بتواند به مهندسان و پژوهشگران در بهبودروشهای تحلیل و طراحی سازهها کمک کرده و گامی موثر در جهت کاهش خسارات ناشی از زلزله بردارد.
Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for posttraumatic stress symptoms in the context of unintended pregnancy
Authors: Haering Stephanie , Engel Sinha , Klusmann Hannah , Blecker Meike K. , Meyer Caroline , Hahn Daphne , Böhm Maika , Brzank Petra , Busch Ulrike , Knittel Tilmann , Krumm Silvia , Schumacher Sarah , Knaevelsrud Christine
Published: October 2024

Objective: Individuals who experienced childhood maltreatment show an increased sensitivity to stressful events and are at greater risk for adult psychopathology. The present study for the first time investigates whether childhood maltreatment is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in the context of unintended pregnancy, an event which is common and linked to a variety of potential stressors. Method: 189 individuals who either terminated (41%) an unintended pregnancy or carried it to term (59%) completed a self-report questionnaire of childhood maltreatment and a clinician-administered interview to assess lifetime trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms in the month prior to and 12 months after the end of the pregnancy. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis, t-tests, and change score analysis were conducted to investigate the interrelationships among childhood maltreatment, trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms. Results: Participants most frequently reported sexual violence (25.83%), birth trauma (18.54%), or physical assault (16.56%) as their index trauma. Individuals with childhood maltreatment showed increased lifetime trauma exposure and exhibited greater PTSD symptoms 12 months after the unintended pregnancy. Childhood maltreatment did not predict a change in PTSD symptoms from pre- to post-pregnancy.Conclusions: Childhood maltreatment is linked to increased PTSD symptoms that persist up to one year after an unintended pregnancy. These results have clinical implications for the inclusion of trauma-informed practices into reproductive care.
‘When was randomisation first used in educational research? A brief historical methodological perspective’.
Authors: Torgerson Carole
Published: October 2024

This brief note aims to add to the debate in the literature around the first use of randomisation in educational research, specifically in relation to previously published articles by Forsetlund et al (2007) and Hedges & Schauer (2018) in which they claim the first use of randomisation was in 1931 or 1919. The historical, methodological perspective analyses in detail the 1919 contender for the first use of randomisation by Schauer & Hedges (published in Styles and Torgerson (eds.), 2018). This is the 1919 monograph by Cummings: ‘Improvement and the Distribution of Practice’.
Reactivity to experience sampling among adolescents with and without a lifetime or current history of self-harm thoughts or behaviours
Authors: Kirtley Olivia J , Sohier Bloeme , Simsa Benjamin , Achterhof Robin , Myin-Germeys Inez , Lafit Ginette
Published: October 2024

Some ethical committees question whether individuals with a history of self-harm thoughts and behaviours (SHTBs) are “too vulnerable” to take part in Experience Sampling Method (ESM) research and if repeatedly asking about SHTBs could be harmful. Past research has focused on whether participating in ESM research influences SHTBs, and has overlooked participants’ general experience of ESM studies. We explored the relationships between ESM beep disturbance (disruptiveness) and compliance, and lifetime and current SHTBs. N=1507 participants completed baseline questionnaires, including about lifetime history of SHTBs, and N=1788 completed ESM 10x per day for six days, including questions about how much completing the ESM questionnaire disturbed them, and their SHTBs in daily life. There were no significant differences in disturbance or compliance between individuals with no lifetime history of SHTBs, self-harm thoughts, or self-harm behaviours. Individuals reporting self-harm behaviours during the ESM period were more likely to experience the ESM questionnaires as more disturbing. Individuals experienced the ESM questionnaires as more disturbing when more intense self-harm thoughts were reported during the ESM period on average and when their current self-harm thoughts were more intense. Our results indicate that lifetime history of SHTBs does not relate to ESM compliance or beep disturbance. However, ESM may be more taxing for individuals experiencing more intense current SHTBs, and at moments when their self-harm thoughts are more intense. We suggest that a ‘static vulnerability’ approach to ethical evaluation of ESM research based on lifetime history of SHTBs is inappropriate, and that a dynamic approach is preferable.
Arithmetic fact retrieval deficits in chronic stroke – a deficit of relearning?
Authors: Smaczny Stefan , Jung Stefanie , Willmes Klaus , Karnath Hans-Otto , Klein Elise
Published: October 2024

Arithmetic fact retrieval deficits in acute stroke patients can arise after the severing ofwhite matter connections within left temporo-parietal areas (Smaczny et al., 2023). Thecurrent study examined white matter disconnections in multiplication, subtraction, andaddition in patients in the chronic stage of stroke. The strongest effects were found inmultiplication, where the disconnection of long-term memory parahippocampal areaswas strongly associated with lower multiplication scores. Lower subtraction scoreswere related to interhemispheric thalamus disconnections and weakly withdisconnections within the left hemisphere language network. The results for additionproblems were equivocal, yet they were in line with the literature, stating that additioncan be solved by either fact retrieval or magnitude processing. The multiplicationresults are in line with the view that the neuroanatomical correlates of arithmetic factretrieval deficits in chronic stroke point at a relearning deficit, the subtraction results arein line with bilateral redundancy of the magnitude processing network, and all resultstogether suggest that number operations are more in line with strategy-dependentprocessing than operation-dependent processing.
From an empty land to the symbol of wealth: the history of the ‘Gangnam-style’ development in Seoul, South Korea
Authors: Kim Dongjin
Published: October 2024

The population of Seoul had exploded from 1 million to 2.45 million in 7 years right after the end of the Korean War (from 1953 to 1960). Many parts of Seoul were converted into slum areas and aimless urbanisation lowered the quality of life in the Seoul metropolitan area. Pupils were excluded from education due to the lack of school infrastructure while citizens were exposed to crime and unemployment. In the middle of the population crisis, the metropolitan government of Seoul and the central government of South Korea paid attention to the potential of Gangnam as one of the candidate regions for the expansion of the Seoul metropolitan area. This review presents how Gangnam has transformed from an “empty land” to the “symbol of wealth” in the history of the Gangnam development and the expansion of the Seoul metropolitan area. The initial development plan tried to solve immediate housing problems derived from the lack of urban space and facility. After 20 years of the intensive development, Gangnam has transformed from a poor countryside region into the new economic centre and financial hub. Gangnam has become a symbol of wealth in South Korea where citizens and private companies would like to reside. On the other hand, many evictees lost their home and disappeared as nameless citizens behind the scenes of the development. The Gangnam-style development, the expertise of urban development acquired in Gangnam, can be thoroughly studied and transferred to other regions in South Korea and developing countries in the world, thus establishing Gangnam as a model case of metropolitan area expansion.Key words: construction, eviction, Gangnam, housing crisis, metropolitan area, Seoul, shantytowns, urban development
Geographical and Disciplinary Coverage of Open Access Journals: OpenAlex, Scopus and WoS
Authors: Maddi Abdelghani , Maisonobe Marion , ZEGHMOURI Chérifa BOUKACEM
Published: October 2024

This study aims to compare the geographical and disciplinary coverage of OA journals in three databases: OpenAlex, Scopus and the WoS. We used the ROAD database, managed by the ISSN International Centre, as a reference database which indexes 62,701 OA active resources (as of May 2024). Among the 62,701 active resources indexed in the ROAD database, the Web of Science indexes 6,157 journals, while Scopus indexes 7,351, and OpenAlex indexes 34,217. A striking observation is the presence of 25,658 OA journals exclusively in OpenAlex, whereas only 182 journals are exclusively present in WoS and 373 in Scopus.The geographical analysis focusses on two levels: continents and countries. As for disciplinary comparison, we use the ten disciplinary levels of the ROAD database. Moreover, our findings reveal a striking similarity in OA journal coverage between WoS and Scopus. However, while OpenAlex offers better inclusivity and indexing, it is not without biases. WoS and Scopus predictably favor journals from Europe, North America and Oceania. Although OpenAlex presents a much more balanced indexing, certain regions and countries remain relatively underrepresented. Typically, Africa is proportionally as under-represented in OpenAlex as it is in WoS, and some emerging countries are proportionally less represented in OpenAlex than in WoS and Scopus.These results underscore a marked similarity in OA journal indexing between WoS and Scopus, while OpenAlex aligns more closely with the distribution observed in the ROAD database, although it also exhibits some representational biases.
The Practices and Politics of Machine Learning: A Fieldguide for Analyzing Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Lee Francis
Published: October 2024

This article develops an analytical and methodological field guide for analyzing the practices and politics of machine learning. Drawing on science and technology studies (STS), it seeks to move beyond the opacity/transparency dichotomy that often characterizes discussions of algorithmic systems. In doing this, the article hones in on actors’ mundane practices of constructing machine learners, and develops an analytical stance based on four empirical moments: feature extraction, vectorization, clustering, and data drift. By making visible actors’ work, tinkering, and negotiations involved in these processes, the article aims to demystify the supposed magic of machine learning. This approach allows us to ask: How do actors decide what constitutes a good machine learner? How are things, people, and phenomena translated into the mathematical worlds of machine learning? Through ethnographic attention to these questions, we can begin to grapple with the practices and politics of machine learning in earnest. Thus, the article contributes to ongoing discussions about the societal implications of AI by providing analytical and methodological tools for understanding how the politics of machine learning is assembled in practice.
Personification in Oscar Wilde's "The Selfish Giant"
Authors: Adhikari Bhawani Shankar
Published: October 2024

The research has displayed the role of the literary figure of speech, personification used in the story of Oscar Wilde's "The Selfish Giant". It has linked the four types of the personifications and how the British women have been applied as the personifications to extend the colonial government as the civilized and the superior race in the globe. As the British women have been found to be powerful to the British colonial government, so is the strength of the use personifications in the work of art and in the literary creativity. The personified objects and the seasons in the story have elevated its classic form to the fairy-tale as the story of the children and it has lured the attention of the readers. Reading such personified tales enhances the creativity of the children and of any readers but it is to be identified as the language of personifications by the readers while reading it. The beauty and the strength of the fairy-tale would be lost in absence of the personified objects and the seasons in the story "The Selfish Giant". Overall, personification in “The Selfish Giant” makes the story’s moral lessons more accessible and memorable for children by giving human traits to non-human elements and depicting their interactions in a way that resonates with the readers' own experiences and emotions. While younger children might understand personification more through the narrative and illustrations, older children might analyze it more critically and recognize it as a literary device used to enhance the story’s themes and moral lessons. It has been found that the teachers have to apply some of the techniques in the context for the students in making them comprehending the use of the personification in the story and by displaying the effectiveness of the use of the figure of speech in creating the curiosity for the learners.
Factors associated with Antenatal care among the Reproductive age of Women in Madhesh Province, Nepal
Authors: Devkota Bijaya Mani
Published: October 2024

Antenatal care (ANC) is essential for maternal and neonatal health, where ANC acceptance varies significantly across different socioeconomic and demographic groups. This study aims to dissect the factors influencing ANC visits Madhesh Province, Nepal, using data from the 2022 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). The NDHS provides a rich dataset, the women of reproductive age who had at least one live birth in the preceding five years. The study focuses on a range of variables such as age, education, household wealth, and proximity to healthcare facilities, analyzing their impact on ANC visits, with the World Health Organization recommending a minimum of four visits for a healthy pregnancy. This study indicates that while age, religion, caste/ethnicity, and rural versus urban residency do not significantly impact ANC attendance, educational attainment shows a non-significant trend towards higher ANC visit rates among better-educated women. Interestingly, economic status does not generally affect ANC attendance except in the wealthiest group, which shows a near-significant increase in visit. Furthermore, significant negative relationship between birth order and ANC visits, suggesting that women with subsequent pregnancies are less likely to seek frequent antenatal care. The dynamics of ANC attendance targeted interventions aimed at improving maternal health services. By identifying the specific barriers and facilitators to ANC access, policymakers and healthcare providers can develop more effective strategies to boost ANC interest and improve pregnancy results. This study highlights the necessity of addressing both socio-economic differences and educational needs to ensure inclusive maternal health coverage.
Health Behavioural Status of Gender Differences in Older People
Authors: Bhatta Deepak Raj
Published: October 2024

Aging is a universal phenomenon with no single definition, varying across cultures, time, and space. The health and well-being of older adults are significantly influenced by their behaviors, which often vary by gender. These differences can impact physical health, mental health, and overall quality of life. This study explores the health behavioral status of older adults, focusing on gender differences and how these disparities affect their health indicators. Such changes impact the health status of older people, making it harder for them to manage daily tasks and access healthcare. Conducted in Dhangadhi Sub-Metropolitan City, Kailali District, Nepal, this study aims to understand the socio-economic and health status of older people. Objectives include examining gender differences in health behavior among the elderly in this region. Gender differences in health behaviors among older adults significantly impact their health. Women engage more in preventive behaviors and seek healthcare services, while men engage in riskier behaviors and underutilize services. Understanding these differences is crucial for developing effective, gender-specific interventions to improve older adults' health and well-being. Gender differences were significant, with males showing a higher percentage of better health compared to females, and females showing slightly higher rates of bad health compared to males. Vision problems were prevalent, with a majority reporting no issues, some reporting minor problems, and a smaller portion having normal vision. Significant vision problems were reported by a notable fraction of respondents. Respiratory diseases were more prevalent among males than females, indicating a significant gender association. Gout or knee pain was more common in females than males, also showing a significant gender difference. Diabetes affected a larger portion of males compared to females, indicating a significant gender association. Blood pressure issues were slightly more prevalent in males compared to females, showing a significant gender association. Emotional health conditions such as grief, depression, and sadness showed significant gender differences, with females more likely to experience these issues.