bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phraseological equivalents in the English and Russian languages
Authors: Zinnatullina Liliia
Published: September 2021

This article is dedicated to examination of phraseological equivalents in the English and Russian languages. An attempt is made to determine the criteria for finding phraseological equivalents in the English and Russian languages. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of various types of English-Russian phraseological equivalents. Referring to the research of outstanding scientists, the article describes and analyzes the types of phraseological equivalents in the English and Russian languages. The author provides the examples of a range of phraseological units of the English and Russian languages, selected from the Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Language, Russian National Corpus, and British National Corpus. Contextual method and method of phraseological description are used for studying English-Russian phraseological equivalents. The scientific novelty of this paper consists in the full or partial manifestation of phraseological equivalence of a number of unique phraseological units in the English and Russian languages leaning on the conducted research of compositional volume. The conclusion is made that the adverbial phraseological units-equivalents are characterized by an exact match of phraseological meaning, structural-grammatical organization, imagery framework, and thus, compositional volume. For determining the degree of match of the structural-grammatical organization, it is essential to consider the specific typological features, which are typical for one language and atypical for another due to difference in the systems of the compared languages. Partial phraseological equivalence of adverbial phraseological units is characterized by the exact match of plane of content and insignificant differences in the plane of expression, which do not affect the identity of imagery of the English and Russian adverbial phraseological unit.
Representation of sexuality in Calvin Klein Jeans advertising campaigns (1980–2016): gender approach
Authors: Volkova Viktoriya Borisovna
Published: September 2021

The subject of this research is the means of representing sexuality in advertising campaigns for Calvin Klein Jeans (1980 – 2016). The object of this research is the use of gender stereotypes (masculinity/femininity) in advertising as a way to manipulate collective consciousness for solution of marketing tasks. The aim of this article consists in determination of advertising strategies of the Calvin Klein brand for the period 1980 – 2016 and the techniques of representation of sexuality for the effective impact of advertising upon the target audience. Analysis is conducted on Calvin Klein Jeans advertising campaigns for the past 40 years by decade, revealing the methods of suggestive effect on the consumer for promoting the product. The main following conclusions were made: 1) selecting provocation as the advertising strategy since 1980 to the present, the Calvin Klein brand employs diverse methods of suggestive effect on the recipient, programming their needs and behavioral attitudes, thereby manipulating collective consciousness; 2) kinesic, proxemic, coloristic, phonatory, and speech means for representation of sexuality testify to the use of gender stereotype (masculinity/femininity) in order to produce effective impact upon the target audience; Calvin Klein Jeans advertising campaigns feature similar strategies for 40 years, which are intended to solve marketing tasks via provocation. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that the identified provocation techniques in Calvin Klein advertisings based on the use of gender stereotypes allowed creating the “portrait” of the brand and tracing the patterns in arrangement of advertising campaigns. The author's special contribution consists in analysis of the means for representation of sexuality used in jeans advertising, techniques influencing the recipient through arbitrary interpretation of gender stereotypes, as well as manipulative methods of creating Calvin Klein PR-campaigns.
Изменения антропологических характеристик молодежи Тувы в связи с влиянием социально-экономических факторов
Authors: Бацевич Валерий Анатольевич , Машина Дарья Андреевна , Красильникова Вера Александровна , Ясина Оксана Валерьевна , Пермякова Екатерина Юрьевна
Published: September 2021

Работа посвящена сравнительному изучению динамики тотальных размеров тела и диаметров сегментов конечностей у студенческого населения различных регионов Тувы при нарушении адаптивного баланса между организмом и окружающей средой на фоне изменений социально-экономических факторов на рубеже XX и XXI веков.
Сбор антропологических данных студентов 17–26 лет был проведен в 2015–2019 гг. и г. Кызыле на базе Тувинского государственного университета по унифицированной методике. В качестве сравнительного материала использованы данные, собранные в 1976–1978 гг. у коренного населения в Дзун-Хемчикском, Тоджинском, Монгун-Тайгинском и Эрзинском районах. Для корректного сравнения с новыми материалами в настоящей работе из имеющихся в архиве антропометрических данных использованы сведения только для контингента в возрасте до 26 лет. В целях улучшения репрезентативности выборки все рожденное и проживающее в различных районах население было сгруппировано по макрорайонам: Западному, Южному, Восточному и Центральному.
Отсутствие статистически значимых различий по величине тотальных размеров тела (за исключением обхвата груди у девушек) у современных студентов, проживающих в различных макрорайонах, отличающихся как климатогеографическими, так и социально-экономическими факторами, позволяет сделать вывод об относительной равномерности происходящих морфологических и экологических изменений. Однако жители западной части Тувы характеризуются несколько большей величиной всех тотальных размеров тела у студентов обоего пола. Межгрупповое сравнение тувинского молодого населения, обследованного 40 лет назад, дает отличающийся результат: достоверно более высокие величины подтверждены для длины тела девушек и юношей, проживавших на период обследования в Южном макрорайоне страны. Полученные результаты косвенно отражают усиление процессов онтогенетических изменений у населения данной части республики, что подтверждают и ускоренные темпы возрастных изменений скелетных признаков на кисти, описанные ранее. Подобная тенденция зафиксирована и для ширины дистальных эпифизов конечностей. При незначительном числе достоверных различий для всех макрорайонов республики четко фиксируется картина секулярных положительных сдвигов в величине показателей. Межгрупповая вариация величины диаметров дистальных сегментов конечностей в группах современной молодежи не выявлена.
Исходя из имеющегося опыта экологического изучения подобных популяций, можно с уверенностью утверждать и об ускоренных темпах биологического созревания и старения во вновь обследованных группах.
Глокализация в старообрядческой среде: модели и субъекты современной модернизации традиционалистских общностей Тувы и Буджака
Authors: Пригарин Александр Анатольевич
Published: September 2021

На основе оригинального полевого материала (этнографического и археографического), собранного автором в среде старообрядцев Тувы и Буджака, рассматриваются вопросы включенности/исключенности традиционалистических сообществ в глобализационные процессы. Данная компаративная перспектива позволяет выделить общие и специфические характеристики восприятия модернизации в самобытных вариантах мировоззрения. Конфессиональные и территориальные особенности групп липован и часовенных демонстрируются в контексте стремительно развивающихся вызовов «внешнего мира», а также творческого осмысления его практик.

Подобный анализ позволяет сместить акценты с механического потребления мировых стандартов на их воссоздание и конструирование: с «импорта смыслов» к «адаптации идей». Показательным в этом плане оказывается христианская эсхатология, которая становится ментальной матрицей актуальной глокалиазции.
Семантический анализ тувинских пословиц: модели, образы, понятия (на европейском паремиологическом фоне)
Authors: Иванов Евгений Евгеньевич , Ломакина Ольга Валентиновна , Нелюбова Наталья Юрьевна
Published: September 2021

Пословицы тувинского языка, как и любого другого языка, имеют национально-культурное своеобразие, которое проявляется как в наличии специфических единиц (пословиц, которые не встречаются в других языках), так и национальных вариантов паремий, общих для тувинского и других языков (универсальных, интернациональных, заимствованных пословиц). Наибольшую актуальность как в лингвокультурологическом плане, так и в типологическом аспекте (и, соответственно, наибольшую трудность) представляет собой выяснение общих черт и национально-культурно детерминированных различий пословиц тувинского языка и современных европейских языков.

Предметом исследования является семантический анализ тувинских пословиц на широком языковом фоне (в сопоставлении с пословицами славянских, балтийских, германских и романских языков). Цель исследования –– разработать принципы определения этнокультурной специфики тувинских пословиц на уровне пословичных моделей, ключевых понятий, образов (на фоне современных европейских языков). Фактическим материалом для сравнения послужили издания тувинских пословиц и поговорок, полилингвальные паремиологические словари «Dictionary of European Proverbs» Э. Штрауса (1994), «European Proverbs in 55 Languages, with Equivalents in Arabic, Persian, Sanskrit, Chinese, and Japanese» Д. Пацолаи (1997) и др.

В статье выделяются и анализируются тувинские пословицы, которые имеют аналоги в европейских языках (общие пословичные модели различного типа). Они используют тождественную образность с европейскими пословицами (общие и близкие пословичные образы), содержат аналогичные ключевые понятия с европейскими пословицами (общие социокультурные, аксиологические, эмпирические концепты и/или когнитемы). Специально дифференцируются такие модели, образы и понятия, которые в пословицах тувинского языка являются проявлением паремиологического кода (природного, анималистического, соматического, гастрономического и др.), результатом культурного трансфера, следствием лингвокультурной ассимиляции.

Установлено, что большинство тувинских пословиц, которые имеют аналогичные модели, образы, понятия с пословицами европейских языков, характеризуются как собственно лингвистической, так и национально-культурной спецификой (наличием национальных вариантов структурно-семантических моделей, этнокультурных вариаций пословичных образов, этнолингвокультурно детерминированных коннотаций ключевых понятий).

Доказано, что семантический анализ на уровне пословичных моделей, образов, ключевых понятий позволяет исчерпывающе дифференцировать общее и специфическое в составе пословиц тувинского языка и современных европейских языков, что имеет решающее значение как для лингвокультурной типологии тувинских пословиц, так и для идентификации национального своеобразия тувинского пословичного фонда на фоне пословиц других языков и культур.
How Precarious Public Jobs Are Even More Precarious for Women: The Case of Mexican Police Forces
Authors: Chudnovsky Mariana , Millán Ana Laura Reyes
Published: September 2021

This article works to understand what happens to women working in the public sector, especially women in traditionally male occupations, such as the police. Moreover, in Latin America and in most developing countries, it is crucial to examine the interaction between precarious jobs and gender discrimination. The article finds that gender discrimination is accentuated in organizations with precarious labor conditions. To illustrate this problem, it examines the police force in Mexico. This is a crucial case study for understanding the phenomena: Mexico is an extremely violent country, but conditions in the police force are highly precarious for workers. Moreover, this labor precariousness has an even greater impact on female police officers. In addition to working in a profession characterized by instability, they also face structural barriers to the performance of their duties and greater obstacles to entry and promotion within the organization. Furthermore, women face the glass ceiling as well as a hostile work culture that expresses itself through discrimination.
Genealogía de la comunalidad indígena: Descolonialidad, transmodernidad y diálogos inter-civilizatorios
Authors: Sánchez-Antonio Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

En la primera parte de este artículo trazaremos la genealogía de la razón comunal indígena, la cual busca rastrear las condiciones de emergencia, existencia y transformaciones discursivas y de poder que hicieron posible plantear teóricamente la comunalidad como forma de vida de los pueblos indios en Oaxaca, México. Posteriormente, haremos dialogar el pensamiento comunal indígena con el giro descolonial latinoamericano, para examinar los aportes que puede generar la comunalidad en el diseño de una salida viable a la crisis civilizatoria del actual sistema-mundo moderno-colonial-capitalista. Finalmente, vamos a analizar los alcances epistémicos y políticos de la opción comunal para contribuir a la descolonización de las ciencias sociales y la construcción inter-civilizatoria del pluriversalismo transmoderno descolonial como nuevo proyecto universal de vida.
The Electoral Buzz: Rational Prospective Voting and the Politics of the Zika Epidemic in Brazil
Authors: Piazza Kelly Senters , Schneider Rodrigo
Published: September 2021

This article reevaluates often-made assumptions of retrospective voting and voter irrationality in studies of voting behavior in political contexts colored by haphazard, apolitical events. To do so, it leverages the quasi-random 2015–2016 Zika epidemic in Brazil and the accompanying priming of “women’s issues” relating to infant health to empirically assess whether exposure to the virus increased political support for female candidates in the 2016 Brazilian local elections. Results of difference-in-difference analyses suggest that high incidences of the virus in the months immediately preceding the election increased female candidates’ vote shares. Conflicting with theories of irrational retrospective voting, the results are consistent with an understudied theory of rational prospective voting. Robustness and falsification tests and dubious support for alternative explanations lend additional support to the argument. The research contributes to an elucidation of both the complex calculations underlying voting behavior and the conditions favorable to female candidates’ electoral prospects.
The therapeutic role of methotrexate in chronic urticaria: A systematic review
Authors: Sandhu Jaspriya , Kumar Arushi , Gupta Sunil K.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Chronic urticaria, in many cases, has an unsatisfactory response to antihistamines. The current recommendations in urticaria do not mention the dose and duration for methotrexate.

Aims:

This study aims to systematically review the use/efficacy of methotrexate in chronic urticaria.

Methods:

A systematic search in four databases, that is, PubMed/Medline, Cochrane central, Google Scholar and Clinicaltrials.gov was done to identify studies on the use of methotrexate in chronic urticaria using key words “methotrexate [MeSH terms]” and “urticaria” or “urticaria, chronic” or “urticaria, chronic spontaneous.”

Results:

Nine articles (study participants 127), including three randomized control trials, one prospective interventional trial without control, three retrospective reviews and two case reports, were identified and finally included in the systematic review. There was a paucity of literature and the three randomized control trials did not show any benefit of methotrexate over antihistamines alone. However, in studies where steroid-dependent cases were given methotrexate, marked benefit was reported with steroid-sparing effect, particularly on methotrexate dose escalation.

Limitations:

Due to a paucity of published literature on methotrexate in urticaria, a meta-analysis could not be done.

Conclusion:

In chronic recalcitrant or steroid-dependent cases, methotrexate may be a therapeutic agent of interest; however, current evidence does not point to any added advantage in efficacy over antihistamines. More evidence based on larger, well-executed randomized control trials is needed in the future to get more definitive answers.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Tentang Pentingnya Peran Pedagang Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Di Lingkungan Pasar Modern Teluk Kuantan
Authors: Maharani Riri , Vermita Warlenda Sherly , Nelta Putri Sentika
Published: September 2021

Health counseling on the importance of the role of traders in waste management in the market environment is one of the ways used to increase the knowledge of traders about the importance of waste management and market waste with the aim of changing or influencing the behavior of traders who let waste put in the open space to be left to rot by itself which becomes a source of air pollution because of its smell, and also become the cause of disease outbreaks and as one of the causes of flooding. This counseling aims to know the influence of health counseling on the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of traders in maintaining environmental health. The method used in this counseling was using a pre-test before counseling and post-test after counseling. Based on the results of our approach, it can be concluded that maintaining environmental health and knowing the impacts caused by waste is very important for personal health both spiritual and physical health. Therefore, in order to avoid unwanted diseases stemming from environmental health problems, it is necessary to reconsider the process of good waste management. When it is not noticed, it can affect our own health, then we will be vulnerable to various kinds of diseases that can harm ourselves.
ABSTRAK
Penyuluhan kesehatan tentang Pentingnya Peran Pedagang dalam Pengelolaan Sampah di Lingkungan Pasar merupakan salah satu cara yang digunakan untuk menambah pengetahuan para pedagang tentang pentingnya pengelolaan sampah dan limbah pasar dengan tujuan mengubah atau mempengaruhi perilaku para pedagang yang membiarkan sampah ditaruh ditempat terbuka untuk dibiarkan membusuk dengan sendirinya yang menjadi sumber polusi udara karena baunya, dan juga menjadi penyebab terjadinya wabah penyakit serta sebagai salah satu penyebab terjadinya banjir. Penyuluhan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik para pedagang dalam menjaga kesehatan lingkungan. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penyuluhan ini yaitu menggunakan pre test sebelum melakukan penyuluhan dan melakukan post test setelah melakukan penyuluhan. Berdasarkan dari hasil pendekatan yang kami lakukan tersebut dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa menjaga kesehatan lingkungan dan mengetahui dampak yang diakibatkan oleh sampah sangatlah penting bagi kesehatan diri baik kesehatan rohani maupun kesehatan jasmani. Maka dari itu agar terhindar dari penyakit yang tidak diinginkan yang berasal dari masalah kesehatan lingkungan tersebut perlu diperhatikan kembali proses pengelolaan sampah yang baik. Karena apabila tidak diperhatikan dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan diri sendiri maka kita akan rentan terkena berbagai macam penyakit yang dapat membahayakan diri kita.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Berpengaruh Terhadap Pengetahuan Keluarga Tentang Stunting
Authors: Muhammad Irwan , Risnah Risnah
Published: September 2021

Stunting is one of the national health problems caused by multidimensional factors. Stunting children have an increased risk of suffering from repeated infections that can lead to death such as diarrhea, pneumonia, smallpox, and an increased risk of chronic heart disease in childhood. The purpose of the activity was to increase the knowledge or behavior of the community about stunting in Betteng village, Pamboang sub-district. The target of the activity was the community in the working area of ​​the Pamboang Public Health Center. This counseling emphasized more on the method of delivering information about stunting, especially in the causes, prevention, and control which were carried out in the form of explanations for families who have stunting children. In conclusion, health education affects changes in knowledge about stunting. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out health education activities if public knowledge is to be increased.
ABSTRAK 
Kejadian Stunting merupakan salah satu permasalah kesehatan secara nasional yang diakibatkan oleh faktor multidimensi. Anak stunting meningkat resiko untuk menderita infeksi berulang yang dapat mengakibatkan kematian seperti diare, pneumonia dan cacar serta meningkatkan resiko mengalami penyakit jantung kronik di usia anak. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan kesehatan terhadap stunting. Untuk itu perlu  diperlukan pengetahuan yang baik oleh semua pihak. Metode kegiatan pengabdian  kepada masyarakat Metode kuantitatif dengan pre-eksperimental dengan menggunakan suatu rancangan One Group Pre test and Post test design dengan memberikan penyuluhan  kepada para  petugas kesehatan  tentang stunting  terkait penyebab dan upaya  penanggulangannya. Hasil pengukurannya menunjukkan bahwa pada pengukuran sebelum dengan pengukuran setelah intervensi memiliki  nilai p = 0,084. Dengan nilai α ( 0,05 ) > nilai p value ( 0,084 ) sehingga ada perbedaan pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi atau ada pengaruh intervensi penyuluhan penguatan keluarga dalam pengendalian stunting. Kesimpulannya bahwa penyuluhan kesehatan berpengaruh terhadap perubahan pengetahuan tetang stunting. Sehingga direkomendasikan melakukan kegiatan penyuluhan kesehatan jika ingin meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat.
Llamamiento a adoptar medidas urgentes para limitar los aumentos de temperatura en el mundo, restablecer la diversidad biológica y proteger la salud
Authors: Atwoli Lukoye , Baqui Abdullah , Benfield Thomas , Bosurgi Raffaella , Godlee Fiona , Hancocks Stephen , Horton Richard , Laybourn-Langton Laurie , Monteiro Carlos , Norman Ian , Patrick Kirsten , Praities Nigel , Rikkert Marcel , Rubin Eric , Sahni Peush , Smith Richard , Talley Nick , Turale Sue , Vazquez Damian
Published: September 2021

[Extracto] En septiembre del 2021, la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas reunirá a los países en un momento crucial para organizar la acción colectiva con el propósito de hacer frente a la crisis medioambiental mundial. Se reunirán una vez más en la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre la Diversidad Biológica, en Kunming (China) y en la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático (CP26), en Glasgow (Escocia). Antes de la celebración de estas reuniones trascendentales, nosotros —los editores de revistas sobre salud de todo el mundo— exigimos medidas urgentes para mantener los aumentos promedio de la temperatura a nivel mundial por debajo de 1,5 °C, detener la destrucción de la naturaleza y proteger la salud.[...]
РЕКУРЕНТНІ СПІВВІДНОШЕННЯ ДЛЯ ЧИСЛА НЕІЗОМОРФНИХ (n,m)-ГРАФІВ
Authors: Стєганцева П. Г. , Артеменко А. О.
Published: September 2021

Задача перерахування графів та підрахунку їх числа включає задачі перерахування та підрахунку числа помічених і числа непомічених графів. Друга з них вважається більш складною. Виділяють також задачі перерахування графів спеціального виду. Наприклад, помічених звичайних неорієнтованих графів, помічених звичайних орієнтованих графів, помічених зв’язних неорієнтованих графів, помічених дерев, непомічених гусениць та інших. Класичним результатом щодо перерахування графів вважають теорему Редфілда-Пойї, яка випливає з леми Бернсайда. Граф G з n вершинами та m ребрами називають n,m -графом. Два n,m -графа називаються ізоморфними, якщо існує бієкція між множинами вершин, яка зберігає їх суміжність. Ця стаття присвячена задачі підрахунку числа T n,m неізоморфних звичайних n,m -графів з використанням поняття вектора степенів графа. Вектор степенів графа є його неповним інваріантом відносноі изоморфізмів. Послідовності чисел T n,m для n ≤ 20 можна знайти в Online енциклопедії цілочислових послідовностей під номером A008406. У цій статті досліджено властивості вказаної таблиці, одна з яких демонструє залежність між кількостями всіх попарно неізоморфних графів з m ребрами та кількостями вершин, що відрізняються на один. Показано, що коли в сукупності всіх попарно неізоморфних n,m -графів присутній граф з вектором степенів (1,1,…,1), то n = 2m . Отримано рекурентні співвідношення, що дозволили знайти деякі не наведені в таблиці кількості неізоморфних графів з n вершинами та m ребрами при n > 20 . Для доведення рекурентних співвідношень введено поняття редукції вектора степенів графа (Р-перетворення). За допомогою Р-перетворення досліджено зв’язок між наборами попарно неізоморфних графів з однаковими кількостями ребер та різними кількостями вершин. Для підтвердження отриманих результатів була використана відома формула Харарі для знаходження числа неізоморфних звичайних графів.
The Play Specialist in the pediatric healthcare: Evidence-based professionalism, issues in practice, and training across different countries
Authors: Perasso G.
Published: September 2021

For developmental psychologists, playing is a crucial parameter to monitor children and adolescents’ physical, emotional, cognitive, and executive development and wellbeing. In the psychotherapy setting, play is a promotor of positive therapeutic change because it allows the child to express beliefs, memories, wishes, feelings, and subconscious contents, from a safe and indirect point of view. Play is a fundamental human right during the whole life cycle, and it becomes even more important for those children and adolescents who are hospitalized or experiencing medical treatments at home (European Association for Children in Hospital, 1988). Entering a medical setting can elicit children’s and adolescents’ distress on many levels (e.g., anxiety, depression, hypochondria, acting out, externalizing, and internalizing problems) since their familiar routine is temporarily disrupted. The aim of the study. To foster scientific community consideration about the Play Specialist role, paying attention to the state of the art, the international field of practice, the evidence supporting the effectiveness of the Play Specialist intervention, the main challenges, and the everyday issue that these professionals have to face to gain proper integration in the national and international healthcare system.
Review of the spectrum of genetic diseases in Bahrain
Authors: Al Arrayed S. S.
Published: September 2021

This paper looks at some of the studies on genetic disorders conducted in Bahrain. The disorders covered include: genetic blood disorders, metabolic disorders, chromosomal disorders, including Down syndrome, and cystic fibrosis. The rate of consanguinity in Bahrain and the results of premarital counselling are also discussed
Preventive aspects of genetic morbidity: experiences of the Canadian model
Authors: Khalifa M. M.
Published: September 2021

Genetic disorders are emerging as a major health problem in industrialized countries, especially with greater control of environmental diseases. Of total admissions to major paediatric hospitals, 50% are due to genetic disorders, and at least 10% of all adult admissions to hospitals involve major genetic contributions. Several programmes aimed at preventing or ameliorating these genetic disorders are being implemented. Identifying people at risk of genetic disease has helped decrease the burden of such diseases on families and society. Early recognition also leads to greater success of treatment and improves outcome and prognosis. In Arab populations, genetic disorders are still not perceived as a major health problem, even though they are widely prevalent. Applying similar programmes of early detection, maternal screening, neonatal screening, carrier testing and susceptibility testing will significantly help reduce the impact of these disorders in our populations
Appraisal of sickle-cell and thalassaemia genes in Saudi Arabia
Authors: El Hazmi M. A. , Warsy A. S.
Published: September 2021

A comprehensive national survey of the distribution of the sickle-cell [Hb S]gene and thalassaemia genes was initiated in 1982, with more than 30, 055 blood samples collected. The Hb S, alpha- and beta-thalassaemia gene frequency range was 0.005-0.145, 0.01-0.40 and 0.01-0.15 respectively in various areas of Saudi Arabia. We present here an appraisal of sickle-cell and thalassaemia gene occurrence in the Saudi population, based on our studies conducted over 10 years in different regions of Saudi Arabia
Haemostatic disorders in nonsplenectomized and splenectomized thalassaemic children
Authors: Shebl S. , El Sharkawy H. M. , El Fadaly N. H.
Published: September 2021

A group of 40 thalassaemic patients [20 splenectomized and 20 nonsplenectomized] from the Haematology Unit of Tanta University Hospital [age range: 3-14 years]were studied to identify the mechanisms by which haemorrhagic and thrombotic complications occur in thalassaemic patients. The patients’ levels of protein C, antithrombin III and in vitro platelet aggregation in response to collagen were compared with those of 20 controls. The study suggests that thrombocytosis, increased platelet aggregation and decreased natural coagulation inhibitors [protein C and antithrombin III] in splenectomized thalassaemic children may be significant in thrombotic complications in such patients. Defective platelet aggregation and prothrombin activity in nonsplenectomized children may also give rise to haemorrhagic tendencies
DNA proliferative index as a marker in Iraqi aneuploid mammary carcinoma
Authors: Al Alwan N. A. S.
Published: September 2021

This study estimated nuclear DNA ploidy and DNA proliferative indices [PI]in mammary ductal carcinomas from 120 Iraqi female patients. Of the examined specimens, 82.7% were aneuploid. DNA ploidy correlated significantly with histological grade and estrogen receptor content of the primary neoplasm. In aneuploid carcinomas, high PI showed a clearer association than aneuploidy with menopausal status and progesterone receptor content of the tumour. PI and percentage aneuploidy were higher in larger tumours; nodal status showed no association with these cytometric findings. Using PI, patients classified as having Auer aneuploid carcinomas can be divided into subsets with different tumour characteristics, thus improving the selection of those whose high risk, node-negative presentation makes them candidates for adjuvant systemic therapy.
Review of leprosy cases in Benghazi, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya,1994-1998
Authors: Toweir A. A. , Chaudhary R. C.
Published: September 2021

A descriptive study was conducted using case records from the Leprosy Clinic, Benghazi for the period 1994-98. A constant decline in the number of leprosy cases registered for multidrug treatment [MDT]was observed, from 18 in 1994 to 4 in 1998. The ratio of multibacillary to paucibacillary cases was 1.3: 1. Most of the patients were young male adults who were socially and economically productive. An hypopigmented patch was the most common lesion present on easily accessible sites. Early registration, compliance with MDT and follow-up will enhance the cure rate and lead to a reduction in disability rates. Despite elimination surveillance for new leprosy cases is essential.
Antibiotic resistance of Moroccan strains of Salmonella enteritidis isolated between 1996 and 1997
Authors: Rouahi N. , Zouhdi M. , Zidouh A. Zidouh , Elyachioui M. , Mahjour J.
Published: September 2021

Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide problem. The antibiotic resistance of Moroccan strains of Salmonella enteritidis was investigated from 1996 to 1997. A total of 51 strains were collected within this period, 31 derived from human sources and 20 from food. Of the 31 human strains, 10 were resistant to antibiotics; 4 were resistant to two or more antibiotics. Of the 20 food strains, 11 were resistant to antibiotics; 6 were resistant to two or more antibiotics. The results are similar to those obtained from strains isolated from other Mediterranean countries.
Fixing the leaky pipeline: Tips to promote gender equity in Academic Medicine
Authors: Stadler Dora J. , Ibrahim Halah , Cofrancesco Jr Joseph , Archuleta Sophia
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Gender equity in academic medicine is a global concern. Women physicians lag behind men in salary, research productivity, and reaching top academic rank and leadership positions.
Methods: In this Global Perspective, we provide suggestions for overcoming gender bias, drawn from a multidisciplinary literature and personal experiences working as clinician educators in the international academic arena. These suggestions are not exhaustive but inform a tool kit for institutions and individuals to support the advancement of women in academic medicine.
Results: Barriers include limited access to same gender role models and mentors, fewer networking opportunities, fewer nominations for awards and speakership opportunities, as well as implicit gender bias. Institutional interventions can address disparities along the career continuum focusing on scholarship, promotion and leadership opportunities. Women faculty can also seek out professional development programmes and mentorship to support their own advancement. Informal and formal networking opportunities, using a variety of platforms, including social media, can help build relationships to enhance career development and success, and provide social, emotional and professional support to women at all stages of their career. The National University Health System’s Women in Science and Healthcare project is an example of a successful group formed to empower women and foster personal and professional development.
Conclusion: Successful incentives and policies need to consider local institutional and cultural contexts, as well as approaches to mitigate implicit bias. Achieving gender parity in academic medicine will promote a personally and professionally fulfilled global healthcare workforce to improve patient care and clinical outcomes worldwide.
Teleconferencing as a teaching modality for clinical year medical students: Lessons from COVID-19
Authors: Goh Xin Rong , Ku Chee Wai , Kathirvel Rajeswari , Tan Kok Hian
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Disease outbreaks (DO) result in unprecedented changes to the healthcare industry with far-reaching implications for medical education. The need to adapt to the fluidity during DO requires the delivery of the clinical medical curriculum to be flexible and effective. There is a lack of well-established guidelines on how medical education should be delivered during DO. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of teleconferencing-based platforms (TBP) as a teaching modality to overcome the challenges of clinical year medical education amidst a global pandemic and possibility of its use when there are no disease outbreaks (NDO). Methods: A cross-sectional survey amongst 144 undergraduate clinical year students from a medical school in Singapore was conducted from May to June 2020, to explore their perspectives on TBP compared to physical venue-based platforms (PVBP). The survey consisted 5-point Likert scale and open-ended questions. Statistical and thematic analyses were performed. Results: TBP provides greater convenience in travelling, note-taking and ability to overcome administrative challenges. Students strongly recommended its use in DO and NDO. However, students faced increased distractibility, decreased engagement and ease of raising questions, with a lower efficacy in content delivery. The above is dependent on the type of lessons delivered - clinical skills-based or didactic sessions. Conclusion: TBP is a promising teaching modality for DO with promising possibility of extending its use to NDO. We propose a tri-faceted approach to target improvement in content delivery on TBP, mainly with measures to target propensity for decreased engagement and increased distractibility and to address the technology-related concerns.
Professional identity formation-oriented mentoring technique as a method to improve self-regulated learning: A mixed-method study
Authors: Matsuyama Yasushi , Okazaki Hitoaki , Kotani Kazuhiko , Asada Yoshikazu , Ishikawa Shizukiyo , Lebowitz Adam Jon , Leppink Jimmie , van der Vleuten Cees
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Previous studies indicate that professional identity formation (PIF), the formation of a self-identity with the internalised values and norms of professionalism, may influence self-regulated learning (SRL). However, it remains unclear whether a PIF-oriented intervention can improve SRL in clinical education. The aim of this study was to explore whether a PIF-oriented mentoring platform improves SRL in a clinical clerkship.
Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted. Forty-one students in a community-based clinical clerkship (CBCC) used a PIF-oriented mentoring platform. They articulated the values and norms of professionalism in a professional identity essay, elaborated on future professional self-image, and reflected on their current compared to future selves. They made a study plan while referring to PIF-based self-reflection and completed it. The control group of 41 students completed CBCC without the PIF-oriented mentoring platform. Changes in SRL between the two groups were quantitatively compared using the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire. We explore how PIF elements in the platform affected SRL by qualitative analysis of questionnaire and interview data.
Results: A moderate improvement in intrinsic goal orientation (p = 0.005, ε2 = 0.096) and a mild improvement in critical thinking (p = 0.041, ε2 = 0.051) were observed in the PIF-oriented platform group. Qualitative analysis revealed that the PIF-oriented platform fostered professional responsibility as a key to expanding learning goals. Gaining authentic knowledge professionally fostered critical thinking, and students began to elaborate knowledge in line with professional task processes.
Conclusion: A PIF-oriented mentoring platform helped students improve SRL during a clinical clerkship.
Unanticipated learning effects in videoconference continuous professional development
Authors: Ong Caroline Choo Phaik , Choo Candy Suet Cheng , Tan Nigel Choon Kiat , Ong Lin Yin
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated use of technology like videoconferencing (VC) in healthcare settings to maintain clinical teaching and continuous professional development (CPD) activities. Sociomaterial theory highlights the relationship of humans with sociomaterial forces, including technology. We used sociomaterial framing to review effect on CPD learning outcomes of morbidity and mortality meetings (M&M) when changed from face-to-face (FTF) to VC.
Methods: All surgical department staff were invited to participate in a survey about their experience of VC M&M compared to FTF M&M. Survey questions focused on technological impact of the learning environment and CPD outcomes. Respondents used 5-point Likert scale and free text for qualitative responses. De-identified data was analysed using Chi-squared comparative analysis with p<0.05 significance, and qualitative responses categorised.
Results: Of 42 invited, 30 (71.4%) responded. There was no significant difference in self-reported perception of CPD learning outcomes between FTF and VC M&M. Participants reported that VC offered more convenient meeting access, improved ease of presentation and viewing but reduced engagement. VC technology allowed alternative communication channels that improved understanding and increased junior participation. Participants requested more technological support, better connectivity and guidance on VC etiquette.
Conclusion: VC technology had predictable effects of improved access, learning curve problems and reduced interpersonal connection. Sociomaterial perspective revealed additional unexpected VC behaviours of chat box use that augmented CPD learning. Recognising the sociocultural and emotional impact of technology improves planning and learner support when converting FTF to VC M&M.
TÜRKİYE’DE ÜCRET GELİRLERİNİN VERGİLENDİRİLMESİNİN VERGİ GELİRLERİYLE İLİŞKİSİNE YÖNELİK AMPİRİK BİR TEST
Authors: AKAR Sonay
Published: September 2021

Çalışmada ücretlerin vergilendirilmesinde kullanılan mevcut vergi uygulaması sosyal devlet, mali güç ve ayırma ilkeleri dikkate alınarak üretim faktörleri arasındaki vergi yükünün yansıtılması, optimalite, tüm mükellefleri kapsayan uygulamalar, yeni kriterler getirilmesine dayalı öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı ücret kazançları vergilendirilirken etkin ve adil bir vergilendirilme yapılması için dikkate alınması gereken esasları belirlemek ve vergilendirilen ücretlerin vergi gelirleri ile arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada 2006-2018 dönemine ait yıllık verilerle ücretlilerin kazançları üzerinden alınan vergiler ve diğer vergilerin vergi gelirleri ile arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesinde Spearman Sıra Korelasyonu modeli kullanılmıştır. Ücretlerin vergilendirilmesinde kullanılan sistemler göz önüne alınarak yapılan ampirik çalışmada korelasyon ve kısmi korelasyon sonuçlarına göre toplam vergi gelirleri ile gelir vergisi, ücretliler, kurumlar vergisi, katma değer vergisi, özel tüketim vergisi, özel iletişim vergisi, motorlu taşıtlar vergisi, damga vergisi, harçlar ve banka ve sigorta muameleleri vergisi ile arasında güçlü bir ilişki vardır. Katma değer vergisi ile banka ve sigorta muameleleri vergisinin etkisi nispeten düşük, özel iletişim vergisinin vergi gelirlerine etkisi ise düşük korelasyonludur. Kısmi korelasyon sonucuna göre de ücretlilerden alınan vergilerin toplam vergi gelirlerine etkisi orta düzeyde bir korelasyonla sonuçlanmıştır. Ücretlilerden alınan vergilerle gelir vergisi arasında da orta düzeyde bir korelasyon ortaya çıkmıştır. Oysaki Spearman Sıra Korelasyon sonucuna göre ise aralarındaki ilişkinin pozitif mükemmel düzeyde gerçekleştiği görülmüştür.
KONDISI KUALITAS DAN KEBUTUHAN AIR DESA KAWASI DI KAWASAN PERTAMBANGAN NIKEL PULAU OBI
Authors: Yudo Satmoko , Hernaningsih Taty
Published: September 2021

Pulau Obi memiliki potensi sumberdaya alam sektor pertambangan yang cukup banyak. Aktivitas penambangan nikel di Pulau Obi dilakukan dengan cara pengupasan tanah menimbulkan berbagai dampak terhadap kualitas lingkungan. Salah satu dampaknya yang dikhawatirkan adalah perubahan kualitas airtanah yang berada di sekitar lokasi pertambangan. Air mengalir yang berasal dari lokasi pertambangan nikel membawa mineral-mineral berat yang akan masuk ke aliran sungai dan terinfiltrasi ke dalam tanah, sehingga akan mempengaruhi kualitas airtanah di sekitar lokasi penambangan. Desa Kawasi adalah salah satu pemukiman penduduk yang terletak di sekitar lokasi penambangan. Kebutuhan air untuk minum dan lainnya diambil dari mata air Kawasi yang juga berada di sekitar pertambangan. Dalam kegiatan ini akan diulas kondisi kualitas air dan jumlah kebutuhan air serta kondisi sanitasi penduduk di Desa Kawasi. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan melakukan survei pengambilan sampel air, pengukuran debit air dan menghitung kebutuhan air bersih  di mata air Kawasi serta wawancara kepada penduduk setempat. Secara umum hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air masih di bawah baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan sebagai air bersih serta debit air yang banyak di mata air Kawasi.

 

Kata kunci : Kualitas air, kebutuhan air bersih, pertambangan nikel
Efficiency of Sonar Fish Protection Device at the Kokaral Dam of the Small Aral Sea
Authors: Sharakhmetov S. Е. , Barakbayev T. R. , Adayev T. O.
Published: September 2021

The study aimed to assess the efficiency of the pilot hydro-acoustic (sonar) fish protection device (SFPD) installed at the Kokaral Dam of the Small Aral Sea. For this purpose, between August 27 and September 5, 2020 experimental and control fish catching was carried out using fixed fishing nets (30×60 mm mesh). The SFPD’s effectiveness was assessed based on the amount and species diversity of the caught fish with and without the SFPD operating. Fish behavior and distribution were monitored using an echo sounder. In terms of quantity, 173 fish were caught with the SFPD off, and 94 with the SFPD on. In terms of biomass, the values were 37.5 kg and 27.6 kg, respectively. With the SFPD off, the ichthyofauna composition was represented by 12 fish species: carp, crucian carp, roach, ide, bream, common rudd, saber carp, snakehead, pike perch, perch, pike, and asp. With the SFPD on, roach and ide were absent in the catch, and the quantity of common rudd significantly decreased. In both catches, the quantity of carp and crucian carp was similar; bream and saber carp specimen were sporadic. The number of predatory fish (pike, perch, snakeheads, and pike perch) in the catches increased. Asp was absent in the net catches also; however, this fish species represents the main object of amateur hook and line fishing. Based on the catch-per-effort unit, it can be concluded that whereas the SFPD observed efficiency for small non-predatory fish like ide, roach, and common rudd was 95%, it was 0% for large non-predatory fish (carp and crucian carp); and negative for predatory fish.
Saberes e fazeres docentes em ensino de História no CAp/UERJ em contexto das políticas educacionais.
Authors: abrantes cristiana de lima tomaz
Published: September 2021

O presente texto tem por objetivo apresentar nossa pesquisa de mestrado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de História – PPGEH – da UERJ, (PROFHISTÓRIA – Mestrado Profissional em Rede Nacional). B
Management of pemphigus vulgaris: case report
Authors: Rahmaningsih Widi , Santosa Agus
Published: September 2021

Background: Pemphigus Vulgaris is an autoimmune disease attacking the skin and mucous membranes. This disease is considered a rare disease. Epidemiological data for Pemphigus Vulgaris in Indonesia remains limited, correspondingly, nursing management in this disease. This study aims to describe nursing management in patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris.Case presentation: a case of Pemphigus Vulgaris in a 28-year-old male was reported, with complaints of blisters all over his body appearing since 2019 and have not been completely recovered at the Banyumas General Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia.Conclusion: A combination of wound care, nutrition, vitamins, and pharmacology can accelerate the recovery of patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris