bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS MELALUI SUMBER BELAJAR LINGKUNGAN MATERI LINGKUNGAN ALAM DALAM PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN KELAS VIII E SMP NEGERI I KUSAN HILIR
Authors: Karyati Sri
Published: December 2019

AbstractBased on the observation of the low learning outcomes of social studies students of class VIII E of SMP Negeri 1 Kusan Hilir Tanah Bumbu. In the material "Environment in sustainable development." Allegedly because teachers use conventional learning. As an alternative to overcome this problem is the use of social studies learning through natural environment learning resources. This material is very suitable to be carried out. Utilization of the physical environment (natural). This research was carried out using a classroom action research design, carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of and stages: (1) Planning, (2) Implementation of actions, (3) Observation and evaluation, (4) Analysis and reflection. The results showed that the students' learning outcomes through the classroom learning resources averaged 39.00 from the average initial value before action 41.64 to 80.64 in the first cycle to 90.96 and 10.32% in the second cycle. As for the results of the responses of Class VIII E students of Kusan Hilir 1 Junior High School towards the implementation of social studies learning through environmental learning resources 90%.Keywords: Learning outcomes, environment, and social studies resources AbstrakDari hasil pengamatan rendahnya hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas VIII E SMP Negeri 1 Kusan Hilir Tanah Bumbu. Pada materi “Lingkungan hidup dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan.” diduga karena guru menggunakan pembelajaran bersifat konvensional. Sebagai salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini adalah penggunaan pembelajaran IPS melalui sumber belajar lingkungan alam Materi ini sangat cocok dilaksanakan Pemanfaatan lingkungan fisik (alam). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas, di laksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus masing-masing terdiri dan tahapan-tahapan : (1) Perencanaan, (2) Pelaksanaan tindakan, (3) Observasi dan evaluasi, (4) Analisis dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa melalui sumber belajar lingkungan rata-rata kelas naik 39,00 dari nilai awal rata-rata sebelum tindakan 41,64 menjadi 80,64 pada siklus I menjadi 90,96 dan 10,32 % pada siklus II. Adapun hasil respon siswa Kelas VIII E SMPN 1 Kusan Hilir terhadap implementasi pembelajaaran IPS melalui sumber belajar lingkungan 90%.Kata Kunci : Hasil belajar, lingkungan, dan sumber IPS
IMBAL JASA PENDIDIKAN PADA TAMATAN SMA DAN SMK DI LINGKUNGAN KERJA UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT
Authors: Fitri Khairatul
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe high Open Unemployment Rate for secondary education in South Kalimantan is 7.73%, indicating that the results of high school and vocational education have not met their goals. The method used is a cross-sectional method, with research data in 2018, which is converted in the form of present value. Data collection tools are questionnaires. The results showed that: (1) the average direct personal costs of high school students were greater than the vocational school students, namely Rp9,076,630.00 > Rp8,947,133.33 in Banjarmasin City, and Rp11,521,000.00 > Rp3,687,333.33 in Banjar Regency, on the contrary in Banjarbaru City the average direct personal costs of high school students were smaller than those of  vocational education students, namely Rp11,606,133.33 < Rp13,379,666.67; (2) indirect student personal costs are Rp35,958,000.00 per year; (3) the main income of senior high school and vocational high school graduates per year is Rp82,800,000.00 for the highest income, and the lowest is Rp26,640,000.00; (4) there is no difference in individual economic service fees between high school and vocational high school graduates, with a price of -tcount> -ttable or -0.208> -2.007, with p > 0.05.Keywords: student personal costs, employee income, individual economic benefits AbstrakTingkat Pengangguran Terbuka yang tinggi untuk pendidikan menengah di Kalimantan Selatan yaitu 7,73%, mengindikasikan bahwa hasil pendidikan SMA dan SMK belum memenuhi sasarannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode cross-sectional, dengan data penelitian tahun 2018, yang dikonversi dalam bentuk present value. Alat pengumpul data adalah kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) rata-rata biaya personal langsung siswa SMA lebih besar daripada siswa SMK, yaitu Rp9.076.630,00 > Rp8.947.133,33 di Kota Banjarmasin, dan Rp11.521.000,00 > Rp3.687.333,33 di Kabupaten Banjar, sebaliknya di Kota Banjarbaru rata-rata biaya personal langsung siswa SMA lebih kecil daripada siswa SMK, yaitu Rp11.606.133,33 < Rp13.379.666,67; (2) biaya personal tidak langsung siswa adalah Rp35.958.000,00 per tahun; (3) penghasilan utama karyawan tamatan SMA dan SMK per tahun adalah Rp82.800.000,00 untuk penghasilan tertinggi, dan terendah Rp26.640.000,00; (4) tidak ada perbedaan imbal jasa ekonomi perorangan antara karyawan tamatan SMA dan SMK, dengan harga -thitung > -ttabel atau -0,208 > -2,007, dengan p > 0,05.Kata Kunci: biaya personal siswa, penghasilan karyawan, imbal jasa ekonomi perorangan.
PEMBELAJARAN ASAM BASA MENGGUNAKAN LKS BERBASIS LEARNING CYCLE 7E UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP DAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMA
Authors: Yessi Miokti , Sudyana I Nyoman , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan peningkatan penguasaan konsep dan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi asam basa menggunakan LKS berbasis learning cycle 7E. Penelitian ini ialah penelitian kuasi eksperimen menggunakan One group Pretest-Postest Only. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 57 orang siswa di salah satu SMA di Kota Palangka Raya. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu memberikan tes kepada siswa sebelum pembelajaran (pre-test) dan setelah pembelajaran (post-test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi LKS berbasis learning cycle 7E dapat meningkatkan penguasaan konsep siswa dan keterampilan berpikir kritis pada materi asam basa dengan rata-rata N-Gain sebesar 0,61. Konsep yang paling dikuasai siswa adalah tentang konsep hubungan tetapan kesetimbangan asam dan basa (Ka/Kb) terhadap kekuatan asam basa dengan rata-rata N-Gain 0,86 dan konsep yang kurang dikuasai adalah konsep pH dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dengan rata-rata N-gain sebesar 0,49. Indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis yang paling dikuasai adalah interpretasi sebesar dengan N-Gain 0,80 dengan kriteria tinggi, sedangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis yang kurang dikuasai adalah analisis dengan N-Gain sebesar 0,65 dengan kriteria sedang. Siswa memberikan tanggapan yang baik terhadap pembelajaran menggunakan LKS berbasis learning cycle 7E, karena LKS mengaitkan kejadian yang ada dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
From Sequence to Information
Authors: Popa Ovidiu , Oldenburg Ellen , Ebenhöh Oliver
Published: December 2019

Today massive amounts of sequenced metagenomic and -transcriptomic data from different ecological niches and environmental locations are available. Scientific progress depends critically on methods that allow extracting useful information from the various types of sequence data. Here, we will first discuss types of information contained in the various flavours of biological sequence data, and how this information can be interpreted to increase our scientific knowledge and understanding. We argue that a mechanistic understanding is required to consistently interpret experimental observations, and that this understanding is greatly facilitated by the generation and analysis of dynamic mathematical models. We conclude that, in order to construct mathematical models and to test mechanistic hypotheses, time-series data is of critical importance. We review diverse techniques to analyse time-series data and discuss various approaches by which time-series of biological sequence data was successfully used to derive and test mechanistic hypotheses. Analysing the bottlenecks of current strategies in the extraction of knowledge and understanding from data, we conclude that combined experimental and theoretical efforts should be implemented as early as possible during the planning phase of individual experiments and scientific research projects.
Classification of Hyperspectral Image Based on Double-Branch Dual-Attention Mechanism Network
Authors: Rui Li , Shunyi Zheng , Chenxi Duan , Yang Yang , Xiqi Wang
Published: December 2019

In recent years, more and more researchers have gradually paid attention to Hyperspectral Image (HSI) classification. It is significant to implement researches on how to use HSI's sufficient spectral and spatial information to its fullest potential. To capture spectral and spatial features, we propose a Double-Branch Dual-Attention mechanism network (DBDA) for HSI classification in this paper, Two branches aer designed to extract spectral and spatial features separately to reduce the interferences between these two kinds of features. What is more, because distinguishing characteristics exist in the two branches, two types of attention mechanisms are applied in two branches above separately, ensuring to exploit spectral and spatial features more discriminatively. Finally, the extracted features are fused for classification. A series of empirical studies have been conducted on four hyperspectral datasets, and the results show that the proposed method performs better than the state-of-the-art method.
Molecular-Scale Studies of Phosphorus Speciation and Transformation in Manure-Amended and Microdose-Fertilized Indigenous Vegetable Production Systems of Nigeria and Benin Republic
Authors: Kar Gourango , Oyedele Durodoluwa , Akponikpe Pierre , Olaleye Abimfoluwa , Peak Derek
Published: December 2019

This study investigated the speciation, transformation and availability of P during indigenous vegetable production by employing a combination of chemical and spectroscopic techniques. The study focused upon sites in two ecozones of SSA, the Dry Savanna (lna, Benin Republic) and Rainforest (Ilesha, Nigeria). Both sites were cultivated with two indigenous vegetable species; local amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus (AV)) and African eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon (SM)). The soils were treated with 5 t/ha poultry manure and urea fertilizer at the rate of 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg N/ha. Soil samples were collected before planting and after harvest. Phosphorus K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy was used to determine P speciation in these soils. Quantitative analysis showed that adsorbed and organic P were the two dominant P species in the manure amended Dry Savanna (DS) soils before planting and after harvest in soils cultivated with both AV and SM, with the addition of urea (40 kg N/ha) causing an increase in the organic P form in Dry Savanna soils cultivated with AV. Soils of the Rainforest (RF) cultivated with AV initially had large amounts of apatite P in the manure amended soils prior to planting which was transformed to adsorbed and organic P after harvest. Urea addition to the Rainforest soils shifted the dominant P species from organic P to adsorbed and apatite P, which is likely to limit P availability. Soils cultivated with SM had similar proportions of both organic and adsorbed P forms, with 40 kg N/ha addition slightly increased the proportion of adsorbed P.
Survey on Security issues in Mobile Cloud Computing and Prevention Measures
Authors: Neware Rahul
Published: December 2019

Mobile Cloud Computing(MCC) is a recent technology used by various users worldwide. In 2015, more than 240 million users used mobile cloud computing which gives a profit of $5.2 billion to service providers. MCC is a combination of Mobile computing and cloud computing. By the combination of these two, it gives various challenges like network access, elasticity, management, availability, security, privacy, etc. Here security issues are considered because both the security issues of mobile computing and cloud computing are considered as important like data security, virtualization security, partitioning security, Mobile cloud application security, Mobile device security. This paper gives a detailed study of security issues in mobile cloud computing and its prevention measures.
A Compact Micro-Bolometer Array for Mid-Infrared Laser Beam Alignment, Diagnostics and Spot-Size Measurement
Authors: Clark Ian , Towrie Michael
Published: December 2019

Knowledge of a lasers beam’s profile throughout a laser system and experiment can help immensely in diagnosing laser problems and assisting in beam alignment and focusing at a sample. Obtaining such profiles is a trivial task in the ultraviolet-visible wavelength range but more challenging with near-infrared to infrared beams. Scientific grade bolometer arrays, suitable for such a task, do exist but are extremely costly, relatively large and have a large pixel size, of the order of 80 μm, which is adequate for profiling larger beams but poses an issue when trying to profile sub 100 μm beams for example at a focal point. This communication identifies a micro-bolometer array for near- to mid-infrared laser beam profiling, which is extremely low cost. In addition, the device is very compact, enabling use in confined spaces, and has a small, 12 μm, pixel size permitting the profiling of focused laser beams. The best scientific grade device identified has a pixel size of 17 μm. This device is a powerful tool for infrared laser spectroscopists, reducing the time required to measure the spot size of beams and to achieve spatial overlap of multiple infrared beams as used in two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy, saving many hours of setup time. The use of the bolometer array as a spectrographic detector and probe of long-term beam drifts is also demonstrated.
Role of the Serotonin Receptor 7 in Brain Plasticity: From Development to Disease
Authors: Crispino Marianna , Volpicelli Floriana , Perrone-Capano Carla
Published: December 2019

Our knowledge on the plastic functions of the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 7 (5-HT7R) in the brain physiology and pathology considerably advanced in the last few years. A wealth of data show that the 5-HT7R is a key player in the establishment and remodeling of neuronal cytoarchitecture during development and in the mature brain, and its dysfunction is linked to neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental diseases. The involvement of this receptor in synaptic plasticity is further demonstrated by data showing that its activation allows to rescue long term potentiation (LTP) and long term depression (LTD) deficits in various animal models of neurodevelopmental diseases. In addition, it is becoming clear that the 5-HT7R is involved in inflammatory intestinal diseases, possibly playing a role in the gut-brain axis, and modulates the function of immune cells. In this review, we will mainly focus on recent findings on this receptor’s role in the structural and synaptic plasticity of the mammalian brain, although we will also illustrate novel aspects highlighted in gut and immune system.
Numerical Analysis for Aerodynamic Behaviour of Hyperloop Pods
Authors: Singh Yadawendr Kumar , Mehran Kamyar
Published: December 2019

Based on K-ε Standard Wall turbulence model (2-Equation) and Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations defined for incompressible fluids, fluid flow behaviour around hyperloop pods in an evacuated tube was simulated using ANSYS fluent solver assuming steady state and two dimensional conditions. In this research, to develop the case studies, using combination of different head and tail shape profile, four kind of hyperloop pods were developed with the aid of SolidWorks. These four pods have been investigated for their aerodynamic behaviour as four different case scenarios. The results of simulation depicts that an atmospheric pressure of 100 Pa with blockage ratio of 0.36 in tube provides the best possible aerodynamic behaviour for the designed hyperloop pod models. This research finds that overall aerodynamic behaviour of hyperloop pods can be varied by changing the head and tail shape profile of pods and a particular combination of head and tail shape profile can provide optimally best aerodynamic capabilities. Thus, this research paper provides a novel method of obtaining best aerodynamic capabilities in hyperloop pods by designing head profile optimally in combination with tail profile. This outcome will provide major contribution towards the development of hyperloop pods in future with better aerodynamic behaviour resulting in lesser electrical energy required to propel the hyperloop pods in evacuated tube.
Gray Level Image Threshold Using Neutrosophic Certainty
Authors: Patrascu Vasile
Published: December 2019

This article presents a new method of segmenting images with gray levels. The method is based on determining several thresholds for separation of gray levels. The determination of these thresholds is done using the certainty of the neutrosophic information. The concept of this method can be stated simply: to choose the local maximums for the neutrosophic certainty.
STRUKTUR CERITA DAN NILAI PENDIDIKAN CERITA RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN KEBUMEN SEBAGAI MATERI AJAR SASTRA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Sari Eprini Endah , Andayani Andayani , Setiawan Budhi
Published: December 2019

This research aims to describe: (1) contained structure in Kebumen folklore; (2) the educational value found in Kebumen folklore; (3) the relevance of educational value on Kebumen folklore with literary learning materials in junior high school. This research includes qualitative research using case study (observation and interview) and analyzing several documents in the object form of folklore study in Kebumen regency related with interview result with resource persons related to folklore, and result of interview with teacher and student. Data analysis techniques using interactive model analysis techniques namely data reduction, presentation, and withdrawal of conclusions or verification.The results of this research are: (1) the story structure that contained in the three folklore in Kebumen Regency includes (a) themes, (b) characters and characterization, (c) background, (d) plot, and (e)the message of the story; (2) the educational values that contained in three Kebumen Regency folklore include (a) the value of social education, (b) the value of moral education, (c) the value of religious education, (d) the value of custom/traditional education, and (e) the value of heroic education; (3) the relevance of educational value to folklore with literary learning materials in junior high school according to the criteria of Basic Competence and Keynote Competence and contains a moral value in it.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK TALK WRITE DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENCERITAKAN KEMBALI ISI TEKS BIOGRAFI DENGAN MEDIA CETAK
Authors: Puspitasari Pipit Dewi , Suwandi Sarwiji , Suhita Raheni
Published: December 2019

This study aims to describe the quality of the learning process and the skills of retelling the contents of the biographical text with the print media using the Think Talk Write model of learning in students of class X Motorcycle Technique (TSM) B SMK Gamaliel 1 Madiun. This study is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is implemented in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of four stages, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. Subjects in this study were students of class X TSM B consisting of 21 male students. Data collection techniques used in this study include observation, field notes, interviews, documentation, and ability tests. This research used compative descriptive data anlysis technique. The results showed that the application of Think Talk Writelearning model with print media can improve the quality of the learning process and the skills of retelling the content of the biography of the students in cycle I and cycle II. This is indicated by the improvement of process quality from cycle I with an average score of 71,42 increased in cycle II with an average score of 90,47. Then, skill enhancement retells the contents of the biography text in cycle I with an average score of 70,42 increases in cycle II with an average score of 82,80.
ANALISIS STILISTIKA PADA LIRIK LAGU SHEILA ON 7 DALAM ALBUM MENENTUKAN ARAH SERTA RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR DI SMP
Authors: Yusniar Rendy Langgeng Tri , Mujiyanto Yant , Hastuti Sri
Published: December 2019

This study aims to describe and explain about (1) aspects of diction; (2) aspects of the style of language; (3) aspects of the image; and (4) relevance as teaching material of Indonesian language subjects in junior high school which is in the lyrics of Sheila On 7 in the album Determining the Direction (2008). The type of this research is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the lyrics of the song Sheila On 7 album Determine the Direction consists of sentences that can be examined its aspects through stilistic studies. The researchers found the elements contained in the lyrics of this song in the study of stilistika, which consists of diction elements, language style or majas, images, and relevance to teaching materials of Indonesian subjects in SMP class VII. The results of this study also proves that the lyrics of the song Sheila On 7 in the album Determining the Direction can be used as subjects of Indonesian language subjects in junior high school in poetry material.
Pengembangan Alat Permainan Edukatif Kartu Giling Huruf untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Anak Usia Dini 4-6 Tahun
Authors: Harti Sri , Suryani Nunuk , Ardianto Deny Tri
Published: December 2019

Kartu Giling Huruf (KGH) as one of the learning media for reading needs to be developed, both in terms of shape, size, color, and material to be more interesting to children so that children will play this tool more often and more easily understand letters and vocabulary as contained in KGH. This research is intended to develop KGH as a medium for learning to read for early childhood 4-6 years old. The sampling procedure in this developmental research follows the ADDIE development model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) which is carried out in Ar-Rohmah Kindergarten. The stages required observation time along with the development of KGH in semester 2, February - May in 2014/ 2015 academic year. The
results of the effectiveness test and trial development results showed that the KGH developed is ready to be used and produced in a wider scope.
Radiation-Induced Sarcoma After Heterotopic Ossification Prophylaxis
Authors: Rosenberg David M. , Onderdonk Benjamin , Majeed Nasma K. , Guzman Grace , Farid Yasser , Connell Philip P. , Son Christina H.
Published: December 2019

Case:

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a pathological formation of bone in nonosseous tissue and is a common complication of orthopaedic procedures. Radiotherapy is often used to prevent HO despite the small risk of secondary malignancy. Here, we report a case of a patient who developed a periprosthetic, radiation-induced sarcoma after delivery of a single fraction of 7 Gy for HO prophylaxis. This sarcoma was found to lie entirely within the treatment field and occurred within 5 years of radiation.

Conclusion:

Appropriate counseling regarding radiation-induced sarcoma formation should be provided to patients considering radiotherapy for this HO prophylaxis.
Cash-Based Stem-Cell Clinics
Authors: Taliaferro John , Shapiro Shane A. , Montero Daniel P. , Shi Glenn G. , Wilke Benjamin K.
Published: December 2019

Update

This article was updated on January 14, 2020, because of a previous error. On page 1, in the Abstract and the section entitled “Case Reports,” the word that had read “Genentech“ now reads “Genetech.”

An erratum has been published: JBJS Case Connect. 2020 Feb 5;10(1):e0363ER.

Case:

The use of biologics is rapidly expanding. Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the number of cash-based “stem cell”/regenerative medicine clinics in the United States. These clinics provide cash-based services touting stem cell injections to cure a myriad of conditions. Largely, these clinics are unregulated and using injections in a non–Food and Drug Administration–approved manner. We report on 2 patients who presented with symptoms suggestive of septic arthritis following stem cell injections by cash-based local stem cell clinics. Case 1 involved a patient who developed septic arthritis following an injection of umbilical cord blood–derived cellular products (Genetech) and required an antibiotic spacer followed by a total hip arthroplasty. Case 2 involved a patient who developed a likely immune-mediated reaction following an injection of morselized human placental allograft tissue by a local chiropractic office at a cost of approximately $8,000.

Conclusions:

We present these cases to bring increased awareness to the issue and call for increased regulation of this practice.
Indirect impact of violent events on Emergency Department utilization and disease patterns
Authors: Makhlouf-Obermeyer Carla , Sharara Eman , El-Eid Ghada , Hitti Eveline
Published: December 2019

Background The health effects of war and armed conflict on casualties and mental health of those directly exposed has been well described, but few studies have explored the indirect health effects of violent events. This paper assesses the indirect health impact of several violent events that took place in Beirut in 2013-2014 on ED visit utilization and disease patterns. Methods As tracked by media reports, there were 9 violent events in Beirut during 2013-2014. We compared visits to the Emergency Department of a major medical center during weeks when violent events happened and weeks without such events (the preceding week and the same week in preceding years). After re-coding de-identified data from the medical records of 23,067 patients, we assessed differences in the volume of visits, severity index, and discharge diagnoses. Individual control charts were used to analyze ED visit trends post-event. Results Comparisons of weeks with violent events and weeks without such events indicate that the socio-demographic characteristics of patients who visited the Emergency Department were similar. Patients seen during violent weeks were significantly more likely to be admitted to the hospital, and to have a lower emergency severity index, indicating greater acuity of their conditions. The discharge diagnoses that were significantly higher during violent event weeks included anxiety disorders, sprains, and gastritis. Daily ED visits dropped post events. Conclusions The results indicate that violent events such as bombs, explosions, and terrorist attacks reverberate through the population, impact patterns of ED utilization immediately post-event and are associated with adverse health outcomes, even among those who are not directly affected by the events.
TIMP-2 secreted by monocyte-like cells is a potent suppressor of invadopodia formation in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Benzing Christian , Lam Hoyin , Tsang Chi Man , Rimmer Alexander , Arroyo-Berdugo Yoana , Calle-Patino Yolanda , Wells Claire
Published: December 2019

Background Monocytes are a major component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the complex interactions between tumor cells and monocytes and their role in tumor invasion have not been fully established.
Methods To specifically test the impact of interaction on invasive potential two PDAC cell lines PaTu8902 and CFPAC-1 were selected on their ability to form invasive adhesions, otherwise known as invadopodia and invade in a spheroid invasion assay.
Results Interestingly when the PDAC cells were co-cultured with undifferentiated THP1 monocyte-like cells invadopodia formation was significantly suppressed. Moreover, conditioned media of THP1 cells (CM) was also able to suppress invadopodia formation. Further investigation revealed that both tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 and 2 were present in the CM. However, suppression of invadopodia formation was found that was specific to TIMP2 activity.
Conclusions Our findings indicate that TIMP2 levels in the tumour microenvironment may have prognostic value in patients with PDAC. Furthermore, activation of TIMP2 expressing monocytes in the primary tumour could present a potential therapeutic opportunity to suppress cell invasion in PDAC
The dishwasher rubber seal acts as a reservoir of bacteria in the home environment
Authors: Zupančič Jerneja , Turk Martina , Črnigoj Miha , Avguštin Jerneja Ambrožič , Gunde-Cimerman Nina
Published: December 2019

Background
In modern lifestyles, people make everyday tasks easier by using household appliances, for example dishwashers. Previous studies show massive contamination of dishwasher rubber seals with fungi, thus bacterial community, able to survive under harsh conditions, remain undetermined.
Methods
Bacteria that colonise the extreme environment of household dishwasher rubber seals were investigated using cultivation-dependent and metagenomic approaches. All bacterial isolates were tested for resistance to seven selected antibiotics. Same time bacterial diversity of tap water, connected to the dishwashers was investigated.
Results
All 30 dishwashers investigated were colonised by various bacteria. Cultivation approaches resulted in 632 bacterial isolates in total, belonging to four phyla, eight classes, 40 genera and 74 species. The majority were Gram-positive, as solely Firmicutes (dominated by the Bacillus cereus group) and Actinobacteria. Gammaproteobacteria were primarily represented by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Metagenomic assessment of the bacterial biodiversity of the dishwasher rubber seals confirmed the predominance of Gram-positive bacteria, as primarily Actinobacteria, followed by Proteobacteria dominated by Gammaproteobacteria, and by pathogenic species such as Escherichia sp., Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas sp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Enterobacter sp.. Metagenomic assessment of bacterial biodiversity in the tap water connected to dishwashers revealed predominance of Gram-negative bacteria, in particular Proteobacteria, mainly represented by Tepidimonas sp.. Actinobacteria showed low numbers while no Firmicutes were detected in the tap water. The bacterial diversity of tap water was also lower, 23 genera compared to 39 genera on dishwasher rubber seals. Only 13 out of 49 genera identified by metagenomics approach was found in both environments, of those Gordonia was enriched while half of 13 genera were depleted in dishwashers compared to tap water.
Conclusions
These data indicate that colonisation of dishwasher rubber seals probably depends primarily on the bacterial input from the dirty vessels, and much less on the bacteria in the tap water. Based on the antibiotic resistance data, the dishwasher rubber seal bacterial isolates do not represent a serious threat for the spread of antibiotic resistance into the household environment. Nevertheless dishwashers cannot be ignored as potential sources of human infections, in particular for immuno-compromised individuals.
Treatment of simple bone cysts of the humerus by intramedullary nailing and steroid injection
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhu Naiqiang , Du Lilong , Zheng Jihui , Hu Sibin , Xu Baoshan
Published: December 2019

Background: Simple bone cysts (SBCs) are common benign lytic bone lesions in children. This study focused on exploring a clinical treatment method, minimally invasive intramedullary decompression and drainage with elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) combined with intralesional injections of steroids, and evaluated its effectiveness, complications and morbidity through functional and radiographic outcomes. Methods: The postoperative recovery of 18 children who suffered from SBCs of humerus was evaluated (mean follow-up, 40 months) from January 2009 to December 2016. These patients (11 males, 7 females; 8 in the left, 10 in the right; mean age, 10.9 years old) were treated with minimally invasive intramedullary decompression and drainage with ESIN combined with intralesional injections of steroids. The diagnosis was based on not only pre-operative typical medical images (X-rays/CT/MRI) but also surgical findings and pathological diagnosis. Radiological and functional outcomes were evaluated according to Capanna and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score. The interclass differences were analyzed by t-test. Results: According to Capanna and MSTS criteria, after treatment, 14 patients made full recoveries which was presented by all the cysts filled with bone tissue, and 4 patients made partially recoveries, which were presented by cystic spaces partially filled with low density bone. All the cysts responded to treatment method, and there was no cyst recurrence. All except 2 patients had good functional results. One of the two patients had irritation of the end of the nail and one patient had a valgus deformity. Conclusions: Treatment for SBCs of humerus by minimally invasive intramedullary decompression and drainage with ESIN combined with intralesional injections of steroids is safe, effective and convenient. The clinical effect is satisfactory and worth popularizing.
The Use of Data Science to Analyse Physiology of Oxygen Delivery in the Extracorporeal Circulation
Authors: Lukaszewski Marceli , Lukaszewski Rafal , Kosiorowska Kinga , Jasinski Marek
Published: December 2019

Background
Recent scientific reports have brought into light a new concept of goal-directed perfusion (GDP) that aims to recreate physiological conditions in which the risk of end-organ malperfusion is minimalized. The aim of our study was to analyse patients’ interim physiology while on cardiopulmonary bypass based on the haemodynamic and tissue oxygen delivery measurements. We also aimed to create a universal formula that may help in further implementation of the GDP concept.
Methods
We retrospectively analysed patients operated on at the Wroclaw University Hospital between June 2017 and December 2018. Since our observations provided an extensive amount of data, including the patients' demographics, surgery details and the perfusion-related data, the Data Science methodology was applied.
Results
A total of 272 (mean age 62.5±12.4, 74% male) cardiac surgery patients were included in the study. To study the relationship between haemodynamic and tissue oxygen parameters, the data for three different values of DO2i (280 ml/min/m2, 330 ml/min/m2 and 380ml/min/m2), were evaluated. Each set of those lines showed a descending function of CI in Hb concentration for the set DO2i.
Conclusions
Modern calculation tools make it possible to create a common data platform from a very large database. Using that methodology we created models of haemodynamic compounds describing tissue oxygen delivery. The obtained unique patterns may both allow the adaptation of the flow in relation to the patient’s unique morphology that changes in time and contribute to wider and safer implementation of perfusion strategy which has been tailored to every patient’s individual needs.
A transcriptomic and proteomic atlas of expression in the Nezara viridula (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) midgut suggests the compartmentalization of xenobiotic metabolism and nutrient digestion
Authors: Denecke Shane , Ioannidis Panagiotis , Buer Benjamin , Ilias Aris , Douris Vassilis , Topalis Pantelis , Nauen Ralf , Geibel Sven , Vontas John
Published: December 2019

Background Stink bugs are an emerging threat to crop security in many parts of the globe, but there are few genetic resources available to study their physiology at a molecular level. This is especially true for tissues such as the midgut, which forms the barrier between ingested material and the inside of the body. Results Here, we focus on the midgut of the southern green stink bug Nezara viridula and use both transcriptomic and proteomic approaches to create an atlas of expression along the four compartments of the anterior-posterior axis. Estimates of the transcriptome completeness were high, which led us to compare our predicted gene set to other related stink bugs and Hemiptera, finding a high number of species-specific genes in N. viridula. To understand midgut function, gene ontology and gene family enrichment analyses were performed for the most highly expressed and specific genes in each midgut compartment. These data suggested a role for the anterior midgut (regions M1-M3) in digestion and xenobiotic metabolism, while the most posterior compartment (M4) was enriched in transmembrane proteins. A more detailed characterization of these findings was undertaken by identifying individual members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily and nutrient transporters thought to absorb amino acids or sugars. Conclusions These findings represent an initial step to understand the compartmentalization and physiology of the N. viridula midgut at a genetic level. Future studies will be able to build on this work and explore the molecular physiology of the stink bug midgut.
A self-aggregating peptide: Implications for the development of thermostable vaccine candidates
Authors: Cruz-Resendiz Adolfo , Zepeda Jesus , Sampieri Alicia , Bastian Carlos , Acero Gonzalo , Sánchez-Betancourt Jose Ivan , Gevorkian Goar , Vaca Luis
Published: December 2019

Background: The use of biomaterials has been expanded to improve the characteristics of vaccines. Recently we have identified that the peptide PH(1-110) from polyhedrin self-aggregates and incorporates foreign proteins to form particles. We have proposed that this peptide can be used as an antigen carrying system for vaccines. However, the immune response generated by the antigen fused to the peptide has not been fully characterized. In addition, the adjuvant effect and thermostability of the particles has not been evaluated. Results: In the present study we demonstrate the use of a system developed to generate nano and microparticles carrying as a fusion protein peptides or proteins of interest to be used as vaccines. These particles are purified easily by centrifugation. Immunization of animals with the particles in the absence of adjuvant result in a robust and long-lasting immune response. Proteins contained inside the particles are maintained for over one year at ambient temperature, preserving their immunological properties. Conclusion: The rapid and efficient production of the particles in addition to the robust immune response they generate position this system as an excellent method for the rapid response against emerging diseases. The thermostability conferred by the particle system facilitates the distribution of the vaccines in developing countries or areas with no electricity.
An interprofessional cohort analysis of student interest in medical ethics education: A survey-based quantitative study
Authors: DeFoor Mikalyn T , Chung Yunmi , Zadinsky Julie K , Dowling Jeffrey , II Richard W Sams
Published: December 2019

Background: There is continued need for enhanced medical ethics education across the United States. In an effort to guide medical ethics education reform, we report the first interprofessional survey of a cohort of graduate medical, nursing and allied health professional students that examined perceived student need for more formalized medical ethics education and assessed preferences for teaching methods in a graduate level medical ethics curriculum.
Methods: In January 2018, following the successful implementation of a peer-led, grassroots medical ethics curriculum, student leaders under faculty guidance conducted a cross-sectional survey with 562 of 1,357 responses received (41% overall response rate) among students enrolled in the School of Medicine, College of Nursing, Doctor of Physical Therapy and BS/(D)MD Professional Scholars programs at the [Name of institution blinded for review]. An in person or web-based questionnaire was designed to measure perceived need for a more in-depth medical ethics curriculum.
Results: The majority of respondents were female (333, 59.3%), white (326, 58.0%) and mid-20s in age (340, 60.5%). Almost half of respondents (47%) reported no prior medical ethics exposure or training in their previous educational experience, while 60% of students across all degree programs reported an interest in more medical ethics education and 92% noted that an understanding of medical ethics was important to their future career. Over a quarter of students (28%) were interested in pursuing graduate-level training in medical ethics, with case-based discussions, small group peer settings and ethics guest lectures being the most desired teaching methods.
Conclusions: The future physician, nursing and physical therapist workforce in our medical community demonstrated an unmet need and strong interest for more formal medical ethics education within their current coursework. Grassroots student-driven curricular development and leadership in medical ethics can positively impact medical education. Subsequent integration of interprofessional training in medical ethics may serve as a vital curricular approach to improving the training of ethically competent healthcare professionals and overcoming the current hierarchical clinical silos.
An emotion regulation training in the treatment of obesity in young adolescents: The protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Debeuf Taaike , Verbeken Sandra , Boelens Elisa , Volkaert Brenda , Malderen Eva Van , Michels Nathalie , Braet Caroline
Published: December 2019

Background: The prevalence rates of childhood obesity are growing. The current multidisciplinary treatments for (childhood) obesity are working, but only in short term and rather moderate. Therefore, research needs to search for underlying mechanisms that can improve the existing multidisciplinary treatments. A possible underlying mechanism can be ‘emotion regulation’. Therefore, the current RCT-study aims to test the effectiveness of adding an emotion regulation training to care as usual (multidisciplinary obesity treatment) in young inpatients (10-14) involved in an obesity treatment program compared to care as usual alone. The research model for this RCT-study states that when high levels of stress are regulated in a maladaptive way, this can contribute to the development of obesity.
Method: The current study will recruit 140 youngsters (10-14 years) that are involved in an inpatient multidisciplinary obesity treatment (MOT) program. After giving consent to participate in the study, youngsters will be randomly assigned, during consecutive waves, to one of two conditions: care as usual (receiving MOT) or intervention (receiving MOT and on top an emotion regulation training). The training itself consists of 12 weekly sessions, followed by a booster session after three and five months. The participants will be tested pre, post and at 6 months’ follow-up. We hypothesize that, compared to the control condition, youngsters in the intervention condition will (1) use more adaptive emotion regulation strategies and (2) report less emotional eating, both primary outcome measures. Moreover, on the level of secondary outcome measures, we hypothesize that youngsters in the intervention condition, compared with the control condition, will (3) report a better sleep quality, (4) undergo an improved weight-loss and weight-loss maintenance and (5) experience a better long-term (6-months) psychological well-being.
Discussion: This study will add to both the scientific and clinical literature on the role of emotion regulation in the development and maintenance of different psychopathologies, as emotion regulation is a transdiagnostic factor.
Trial Registration: The RCT-study protocol is registered at ISRCTN Registry, with study ID ‘ISRCTN 83822934’. Registered at 13 December 2017; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN83822934
Treatment effects of Chinese medicine (Yi-Qi-Qing-Jie herbal compound) combined with immunosuppression therapies in patients of IgA nephropathy with high-risk of ESRD (TCM-WINE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Jin-pu , Li Shen
Published: December 2019

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerular disease worldwide. It has a high incidence in Asians and is more likely to progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). For high-risk IgAN, which is clinically characterized by massive proteinuria and renal dysfunction, however, there has been no international consensus on treatment options. Compared with other developed countries, IgAN patients in China are often found to have severe kidney function loss at initial diagnosis. Yi-Qi-Qing-Jie Formula Granule (a compound recipe of Chinese medicinal herbs, YQF) has shown potential renal protection in our previous clinical studies. To further confirm the efficacy and safety of YQF in the treatment of high-risk IgAN, we design a prospective double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Methods/Design: The TCM-WINE study is a single-center, prospective, double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. We plan to randomize 60 participants with biopsy-proven IgAN to YQF combined group (YQF compound, combined with prednisolone, and cyclophosphamide if necessary) and immunosuppression group (placebo-YQF, combined with prednisolone, and cyclophosphamide if necessary). The two groups will enter 48-week in-trial treatment phase and receive post-trial follow-up till study completion (3-year). All patients will receive optimal supportive care. The primary composite outcome is defined as the first occurrence of 40% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from the baseline lasting for 3 months, initiating continuous renal replacement treatment or death due to chronic kidney disease (CKD), during the 3-year study phase. The secondary endpoint events are defined as the mean annual eGFR decline rate (eGFR-Slope, ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year) which is calculated by the eGFR regression curve for each eligible patient, and proteinuria remission (prescribed as proteinuria<0.5g/day) at week 24, 36, 48 during the in-trial phase. The remission rate of symptoms and inflammation status will be evaluated respectively at week 48. Safety monitoring and assessment will be undertaken during the study.
Discussion: TCM-WINE study will evaluate effects and safety of YQF combined therapy compared with immunosuppression monotherapy on basis of optimal supportive treatment in high-risk IgAN. The evidence from this study will provide a novel, effective and safe Chinese characteristic therapy for high-risk IgAN patients.
Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT03418779. Registered on 18 June 2018.
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03418779