bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a New Questionnaire to Assess the Social Impact of Non-communicable Diseases
Authors: Hanspal Ishani , Fathima Farah Naaz , Murali Karthik , Sood Abhay , Ayoob Fathima , Thomas Tinku
Published: November 2024

Background:

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have a considerable impact on an individual’s social life. Life-long medication, fear of death, dietary restrictions, hospital admissions, dependency on caregivers, and strained interpersonal relationships play a role. The available questionnaires measure only individual aspects of social impact. The aim of the study was to develop and validate a comprehensive questionnaire to assess the social impact of NCDs.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients and caregivers seeking care at a tertiary care hospital for diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD), and cancer. Thirty patients each with the above diseases were administered Cousineau Self-Perceived Burden Scale to assess perceived burden among patients, Caregiver Burden Scale to assess caregiver burden, EuroQol-5D-3L to assess the quality of life, and face validated questions of sociodemographic details, cost of healthcare, and stress due to disease. Rasch analysis was performed to identify items that lie within the traditional bounds of mean-square item fit. The Delphi method with 10 subject experts was used to identify the questions that would be included in the final tool.

Results:

The data consists of 150 observations, with 77 categorical questions subdivided into various domains. From this, a total of 30 questions were extracted by Rasch analysis. The new questionnaire had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.969, 95% confidence interval: 0.96–0.98). The questionnaire was finalized after reaching a consensus among subject experts.

Conclusion:

The social impact questionnaire developed consisted of 30 questions, has good internal consistency, and can be used to measure the social impact of NCDs.
Association of Respiratory Morbidities with Particulate Air Pollution in Delhi, India- A Prospective Study
Authors: Sharma Nandini , Sharma Pragya , George M. P. , Singh Anil K. , Arora Ekta
Published: November 2024

Background:

Elevated levels of air pollution and long-term exposure can lead to detrimental health conditions, mainly affecting cardiorespiratory systems.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted in five sampled hospitals in Delhi. A pre-designed, pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was filled out for each patient with data from hospital records. The admission rates were recorded daily over the study period along with the air quality with reference to particulate matter (PM). The trends of the hospital admissions for respiratory morbidity were corroborated with PM 2.5. Descriptive statistics and correlation amongst emergency admissions and air pollutants were analysed using Microsoft Excel. The impact of air quality on the rate of hospitalisation due to respiratory conditions was projected by mathematical modelling.

Results:

The rate of hospitalisation due to bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchitis and lower respiratory tract infections was found to be directly proportional to an increase in PM2.5.

Conclusion:

The healthcare system is increasingly strained and thus, the additional burden due to rising air pollution needs to be prevented by making people aware about the methods of reducing air pollution.
Pediatric open-globe injury: Current perspectives, surgical principles, and literature review
Authors: Wong Jovi C. Y. , Yonekawa Yoshihiro
Published: November 2024

Open-globe injury (OGI), referring to the full-thickness violation of the eye wall, is a severe consequence of ocular trauma which can lead to permanent vision loss. Here, we review the current literature on pediatric OGI including a focused review of studies published in the past 10 years. Scoring systems for final visual prognosis, important aspects of clinical examination, and imaging at the point of care are discussed. We furthermore provide an overview of primary and secondary surgical management of the initial OGI and sequelae. Amblyopia management differentiates pediatric from adult visual rehabilitation following OGI, and we discuss the current state-of-the-art approaches for the prevention of vision loss.
High‐speed end‐to‐edge data caching and forwarding architecture based on field programmable gate array
Authors: Liu Xiao , Liu Shubo , Wu Juncheng , Song Song , Cai Zhaohui , Tu Guoqing
Published: November 2024

The application of the Internet of Things generates massive end‐device data. Traditional end‐to‐edge data caching methods lack parallelism, consume numerous resources, and lack data backup mechanisms. We propose a lightweight high‐speed data caching and forwarding architecture based on a field‐programmable gate array. In the basic scheme, a double‐data‐rate memory read/write mixed control method is proposed to efficiently cache massive amounts of data. To improve reliability, we propose address‐space virtualization to forward data to backup devices. To satisfy the demand for higher performance scenarios, we propose a real‐time data shunting mechanism to realize an optimized scheme that supports higher data rates. These two schemes support single‐link high‐speed data caching and forwarding at 10 and 40 Gbps. Compared with the existing method, the basic and optimized schemes improve the performance by 25% and four times and save 66% and 40% of the resources, respectively. Thus, we provide a lightweight and reliable high‐performance end‐to‐edge data caching solution for resource‐constrained edge devices.
La Praxis Discursiva del Médico Docente: Interacción de dos Intersubjetividades
Authors: Granado Domínguez Milena , Hernández B. Mirdza F. , Molina Boscán Nancy
Published: November 2024

La praxis discursiva del profesor universitario y médico constituye un elemento clave a ser explorado desde la interacción y la intersubjetividad de dos subjetividades, la del médico y la del docente, en un mismo sujeto. El propósito fue generar una aproximación teórica para comprender la interacción en las intersubjetividades del médico docente, desde su praxis discursiva. Las teorías que sirvieron como marco de referencia fueron la teoría social de Alfred Schütz y la teoría comunicativa de Jürgen Habermas.El método del presente estudio correspondió a la Teoría Fundamentada (Grounded Theory), propuesta por Glaser y Strauss (1967). Las voces y haceres de los participantes, estuvieron conformadas por: 03 mujeres y 02 hombres en edades entre 25 y 65 años de edad, con diferentes especialidades. Los hallazgos interpretan al médico docente como una subjetividad interactuando en dos subjetividades que le caracterizan e identifican en un solo SER,  manifestadas en el quehacer educativo.
Liderazgo gerencial en la educación de adultos en escuelas para el emprendimiento del estado Lara
Authors: Moreno Mirla Josefina
Published: November 2024

El liderazgo gerencial en las escuelas para el emprendimiento del estado Lara, se convierte en una alternativa para gestionar un proceso educativo relacionado con la educación andragógica que se le brinda a hombres y mujeres adultos, brindándole la oportunidad para aprender un oficio que les ayude a convertirse en emprendedores exitosos; por ello, estás instituciones requieren de gerentes capacitados para asumir ese liderazgo con éxito en este tipo de organizaciones. De allí que el presente ensayo es una reflexión sobre la importancia que tiene el liderazgo gerencial en la Educación de Adultos en Escuelas para el  Emprendimiento del estado Lara, en el contexto donde se encuentra enmarcada, correspondiente a las prácticas educativas que desarrollan en este tipo de organizaciones para generar estudiantes interesados en fortalecer su calidad de vida, donde el personal docente en funciones directivas, forma parte de ese proceso creador e innovador y para la formación de adultos como capacitados en un oficio. Fue desarrollado bajo la revisión documental, el análisis de las fuentes bibliográficas y tecnológicas, enfocado en el significado de la gerencia educativa ejecutada en las escuelas de artes y oficios del estado Lara, así su relación con el emprendimiento y la innovación, destacando la importancia que tienen estos procesos para la formación de los jóvenes y adultos, y del personal docente de estos centros a través de un aprendizaje transformador.
PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF FIELD METHODS OF CIRCUIT BREAKER TESTING WITH ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
Authors:   Elektrodistribucija Srbije d.o.o. Beograd, Srbija, Živković Dejan , Vučković Dejan ,   Elektrodistribucija Srbije d.o.o. Beograd, Srbija, Arsenijević Miloš ,   Elektrodistribucija Srbije d.o.o. Beograd, Srbija
Published: November 2024

Regular annual audits are an opportunity to examine the condition of the equipment and make an assessment of it. The test methods used give a certain view of individual and group characteristics that are later combined into an integrated reports. Testing of circuit breakers, clousing and opening times (dynamic resistance of contacts), transient resistance, motor current are tests recommended by every manufacturer of switching equipment. The analysis of the obtained results requires comprehensive knowledge in the field of electrical and mechanical characteristics of the circuit breakers, as well as its response and the requirements that it should fulfill during operation.
ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF ICT PROTECTION IN ELECTRICAL FACILITIES
Authors:   Elektrodistribucija Srbije d.o.o. Beograd, Srbija, Dubačkić Slavko , Bošković Aleksandar ,   Elektrodistribucija Srbije d.o.o. Beograd, Srbija, Vladisavljević Đorđe ,   Elektrodistribucija Srbije d.o.o. Beograd, Srbija
Published: November 2024

To achieve effective and efficient information and communication security in power distribution and other industrial control systems based on operational technologies, it is crucial to develop appropriate mechanisms. This paper identifies the necessary measures and argues for their implementation, enabling organizations to tailor these measures to their specific needs and risks. It is emphasized that the measures should be outcome-oriented rather than merely prescribed.
QUALITY CONTROL OF ELECTRICITY MEASUREMENT RESULTS
Authors:   Elektrodistribucija Srbije d.o.o. Beograd, Srbija, Cincar-Vujović Tatjana , Narančić Ivana ,   Elektrodistribucija Srbije d.o.o. Beograd, Srbija, Radosavljević Dejan ,   Elektrodistribucija Srbije d.o.o. Beograd, Srbija
Published: November 2024

Developed metrology in the economy contributes to the improvement of product quality and the improvement of competitive abilities on the market. Quality planning in the economy includes the selection of the most appropriate measurement methods and appropriate measuring equipment, which avoids the dilemma of whether something is good or bad and provides useful information about the quality of processes and technology. The paper presents the results of the interlaboratory comparison of electricity measurements between the accredited laboratories of Elektrodistribucija Srbije and Elektromreza Srbije. Apart from confirming the equivalence of the results of electricity measurements at the points of electricity transmission, there is a special value in adequate metrology, appropriate accuracy and reliability, without which it is not possible to successfully increase economic efficiency.
REGULATORY TREATMENT OF ELECTRICITY LOSSES IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OPERATORS IN MONTENEGRO
Authors:   CEDIS d.o.o. Podgorica, Crna Gora, Maljković Jovana , Vujović Andrija ,   CEDIS d.o.o. Podgorica, Crna Gora, Živković Stevan ,   CEDIS d.o.o. Podgorica, Crna Gora, Ivanović Vladimir ,   CEDIS d.o.o. Podgorica, Crna Gora
Published: November 2024

One of the main indicators of the level of economic efficiency of operation and the quality of performance in distribution system operator (DSO) is the value of losses in the power system. The cost of purchasing electricity to cover these losses represents a significant portion of DSO expenses and revenues. Since 2021, significant increases in wholesale electricity prices have further amplified the impact of these losses on DSO operations. This has made the regulatory treatment of losses even more challenging. The primary objective of regulating losses is to incentivize DSO to make economically efficient operational and investment decisions to minimize the volume and cost of electricity required to cover losses in the network. In Montenegro, the "Methodology for determining the regulatory permitted revenue and price for using the electricity distribution system" (in further text “Methodology”), issued by the Regulatory agency for energy and regulated utility activities, governs the regulatory treatment of losses. This includes establishing the approved planned volume and cost of losses and providing mechanisms to incentivize their reduction. This text analyzes the Methodology's significance for the previous and current regulatory periods. It also presents the cost of purchasing electricity to cover losses in the Montenegrin electric distribution system.
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION ASSETS ONLINE CONDITION MONITORING
Authors:   Schneider Electric, Serbia, Ilić Denis , Kopčanski Damir ,   Schneider Electric, Serbia
Published: November 2024

Modern power production and distribution facilities experience significant improvement in reliability and efficiency by shifting to the Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) and Risk Based Maintenance (RBM). These improved maintenance models represent evolution from traditional preventive and reactive maintenance models which is of great need facing the fact the world is experiencing increasing number of electrical assets, rising complexity of power systems, logistics challenges and reduced number of experts. It is enabled by new testing and monitoring methods development in one way, and more significant, development trends in computation possibilities and data storage. With introduction of Cloud computing and recent trends in IoT in the electrical engineering use, monitoring possibilities reached great levels. At the same time, during the last decade, 4th industrial revolution marked by development of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning provide a new option for so called prescriptive maintenance by predicting possible faults and predicting their occurrence. By evaluating live data directly from the substation 24/7, creating algorithms for smart alarming, engaging electrical engineering expert knowledge and powerful AI analytics, maintenance experts are leveraged to distinguish critical assets needed immediate service activities, and to have this information in timely manner. This enables planning maintenance in the most appropriate time interval, improves reliability, security and sustainability of the customer’s process, ensuring positive impact on OPEX and CAPEX. In this paper, mentioned maintenance models are explained with examples of direct application of mentioned recent Cloud computing, AI and IoT trends in electrical engineering maintenance strategy. Real life examples of monitoring findings and possibilities of applied MV distribution Cloud monitoring solution are analyzed.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE FOR SELECTING INSULATORS AND INSULATOR STRINGS
Authors:   GPS Insulators, Serbia, Vlaisavljević Milica , Obradović Milan ,   Elindpro technic, Serbia, Žarković Mileta ,   University of Belgrade, School of Electrical Engineering, Serbia
Published: November 2024

The role of overhead distribution lines for 10 kV, 20 kV and 35 kV in the functioning of the distribution system is fundamental. One of the parts of the overhead lines consists of insulators with equipment that have the role of separating the parts of the lines that are under voltage from those that are not and accept the weight of the conductor in all weather conditions. Correct design of insulation on overhead lines is crucial in terms of reliability, safety and security not only of overhead lines, but also of the entire power system. As a basic step in software development a theoretical overview of the most important segments of insulation design on overhead distribution lines is presented, i.e. a theoretical base was formed by means of which the sequence of operations and rules presented in the form of a software algorithm for the selection of insulators and insulator strings were created. The algorithm is fully implemented in the code that runs the software. A graphical interface of the software was also developed, which allows it to be user-oriented.
CALCULATING MINIMUM CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF THE PARALLEL-EARTHINGCONDUCTOR FOR UNDERGROUND POWER CABLES IN TREFOIL FORMATION WITH METALLIC SCREENS BONDED AND EARTHED AT ONE END
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical sciences, Čačak, Serbia, Šućurović Marko , Klimenta Dardan ,   Faculty of Technical Sciences - University of Priština - Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia, Tasić Dragan ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Serbia
Published: November 2024

It is well-known that for three single-core underground cables in trefoil formation, whose lengths are less than 500 m and whose conductors’ cross-sectional areas are greater than 630 mm2, the metallic screens are solidly bonded together and earthed to a parallel-earthing-conductor at one end only, while the other end is connected to the same earthing-conductor through voltage limiters of metallic screens. A minimum cross-sectional area of the parallelearthing-conductor can be determined using the actual conductor size and the conductor material in accordance with some of the relevant standards, or calculated based on the short-circuit performance parameters. The first method is conservative and often over-sizes the parallel-earthing-conductor, while the second one results in smaller cross-sectional areas of the parallel-earthing-conductor. In this paper, the two methods are presented and compared with each other. Calculations of the minimum cross-sectional area of the parallel-earthing-conductor are performed for two different underground lines with power cables of the types Cu/XLPE/CTS/PVC/AWA/PVC 1x800 mm2 19/33 kV and Cu/XLPE/CTS/PVC/AWA/PVC 1x1000 mm2 19/33 kV (according to BS 6622), assuming that the cables are laid directly in the soil without drying out. The parallel-earthing-cable is assumed to be single-core, with copper conductor and PVC insulation of the type V-75. It is also assumed that the parallel-earthing-cable is laid in parallel with the phase power cables. Short-circuit ratings for the considered cables are taken from the manufacturer’s technical documentation, taking into account that the associated fault clearing time is 1 second.
THE FORECAST OF MEDIUM-VOLTAGE FEEDER LOAD USING NEURAL NETWORK AND CLUSTERING
Authors:   University of Belgrade, School of Electrical Engineering, Serbia, Šošić Darko , Žarković Mileta ,   University of Belgrade, School of Electrical Engineering, Serbia, Dobrić Goran ,   University of Belgrade, School of Electrical Engineering, Serbia
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a model for forecasting the load of medium-voltage distribution network feeders. The model conducts load forecasting with a 15-minute resolution, employing a neural network. Meteorological data relevant to the analyzed location and data on previous electrical energy demand at the observed feeders were utilized for training the model. To enhance forecasting precision, characteristic load diagrams for the observed feeders were established. The first group comprises load diagrams corresponding to typical working and non-working days for each month. The second group of diagrams used in neural network training includes those for working and nonworking days within each season, with the year divided into three seasons (winter, spring/autumn, and summer). Data division into training, validation, and testing groups occurred following clustering using the k-means method, with the number of clusters determined based on the Davis Bouldin index. Forecast accuracy was evaluated using standard statistical measures: MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error), RMSE (Root Mean Square Deviation), CV-RMSE (Coefficient of Variation of RMSE). In this paper, one medium-voltage feeder supplying consumers with central heating will be considered.
AUTOSTLF: AN APPLICATION FOR SHORT TERM LOAD FORECASTING FOR USER-DEFINED FORECAST AREA
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin, Krstonijević Sovjetka , Jakupović Goran ,   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin, Lučić Pavle ,   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes the improvement of the short-term load forecasting functionality that takes into account conditions of distribution systems’ management. Existing prognostic tools, verified in practice are, mostly, intended for centralized management, developed for specific consumption in the system. For distribution systems’ forecasting functionality, which is multi-site application, intended for work with loads collected from different system sub-areas, these tools are inadequate and requires further improvements. Their limitations rely on inability to achieve the satisfactory accuracy of forecasts for heterogeneous load profiles, driven by different load factors (meteorology, type and number of consumers, etc.), for different system areas. In addition, changes in these load factors over time, impose the need for dynamic adjustment of the prognostic model, especially in the presence of renewable sources, the influence of the electricity market, consumption management programs (DSM) and demand response (DR). Developed AutoSTLF application, described in the paper, aims to increase the flexibility and adaptability of forecasting to different load in the system and in time. The application supports a short term load forecasting functionality for an arbitrary forecast area, defined by the user. For its testing, open databases are used to demonstrate how to define the forecast area, then the quality of forecast is measured with the MAPE error. Finally, the software implementation of the developed functionality in practice is proposed.
A MULTI-YEAR MULTI-CRITERIA REPLACEMENT AND REJUVENATION PLANNING OF UNDERGROUND CABLES IN URBAN DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Serbia, Kovački Neven , Popović Željko ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Serbia, Milošević Nikola ,   Elektrodistribucija Srbije, Srbija
Published: November 2024

This paper presents an approach for determining the best multi-year reliability improvement plan in urban distribution networks by cable replacement and rejuvenation considering network expansions/changes in the planning period. It determines the number and locations of cables in the network that need to be replaced or rejuvenated in each year of the considered planning period to fulfill a decision-maker's goal. The goal considered in this paper is to achieve the desired balance between the improvement of reliability indices (SAIFI, SAIDI, ASIDI) and the costs of replacement and rejuvenation, considering budgetary limitations. This goal is achieved by applying the proposed multi-criteria mixed-integer linear programming model, which determines a set of noninferior solutions (replacement and rejuvenation plans) in each of the considered years. These plans are then used within the proposed multi-criteria dynamic programming (MCDP) algorithm to generate a set of multi-year plans and determine the best multi-year cable replacement and rejuvenation plan. The comparison (ranking) of plans within the proposed MCDP is performed using a multiple-criteria decision making technique TOPSIS. This technique enables the consideration of different preferences of the decision maker regarding the levels of improvement of the reliability indices in the network.
MULTI-CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OF THE SMART GRID EFFICIENCY USING THE FUZZY ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS
Authors:   Mathematical Institute SASA, Serbia, Velimirović Lazar , Velimirović Jelena ,   Mathematical Institute SASA, Serbia, Janjić Aleksandar ,   Intec GOPA-International Energy Consultants GmbH, Beograd, Srbija
Published: November 2024

The energy management system is developing simultaneously on the base level of individual objects and the higher level of supply network. In this paper, the key performance indicators related to the smart grid efficiency, as the key factor of any energy management system implementation have been analysed. The authors are proposing multi-criteria fuzzy AHP methodology for the determination of overall smart grid efficiency. Four criteria (technology, costs, user satisfaction, and environmental protection) and seven performances (according to EU and US initiatives for analysis of benefits and effects of smart grid systems) for selection of optimal smart grid project are defined. The analysis shows that the dominant performances of the optimal smart grid project are efficiency, security and quality of supply. The methodology is illustrated on the choice of smart grid development strategy for the medium size power distribution company.
DETERMINING AVAILABLE CAPACITIES FOR DISTRIBUTED PRODUCTION IN THE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK OF JP ELEKTROPRIVREDA BIH D.D. SARAJEVO
Authors:   JP Elektroprivreda BiH d.d. Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina, Alihodžić Emir , Borovina Džemo ,   JP Elektroprivreda BiH d.d. Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina, Ramić Emil ,   JP Elektroprivreda BiH d.d. Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina
Published: November 2024

Due to the high volume of requests for the connection of distributed generators (DG), distribution system operators (DSOs) are under significant pressure in this regard while simultaneously responsible for ensuring that these connections are made in accordance with the technical conditions for network access and usage. In order for DSOs to fairly and efficiently respond to DG connection requests and to make the entire process clearer and more transparent, it is necessary for them to apply simplified methodologies for assessing the available capacities of distribution networks (hosting capacity). To this end, the DSO of JP Elektroprivreda BiH d.d. Sarajevo has implemented a methodology based on measured interval data at the primary 110/x kV substations and predictions of DG production that will be connected to the network and those for which an electrical energy approval (EEA) has been issued or for which EEA requests have been submitted. Based on this, the peak load is estimated for each new request in the case of transferring electric energy to the transmission network, for a winter day with the highest daily load, a summer day with the lowest daily load, and a summer day with the highest daily load. The results of this calculation are used to determine the available capacities for each of the primary 110/x kV substations supplying the distribution network of the DSO of JP Elektroprivreda BiH d.d. Sarajevo.
TRACKING ENERGY ORIGIN AND OPTIMIZING OPERATION OF HYBRID STATIONS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Serbia, Petrušić Andrija , Cvetanović Nikola ,   Elektrodistribucija Srbije, Distributivno područje Niš, Janjić Aleksandar ,   GOPA International Energy Consultants, Branch office Belgrade, Serbia, Ilić Uroš ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Serbia
Published: November 2024

The increasing electric vehicle fleet requires an upgrade and expansion of the available charging infrastructure. The uncontrolled charging cycles greatly affect the electric grid, and for this reason, renewable energy sources and battery storage are getting incorporated into a hybrid charging station solution. Adding a renewable source and a battery to the charging station can help to “buffer” the power required from the grid, thus avoiding peaks and related grid constraints. To date, the origin of the energy coming from the battery has not been traced. In this paper, a solution of the hybrid electric vehicle charging station coupled with the small-scale photovoltaic system and battery energy storage is proposed to eliminate the adverse effects of uncontrolled electric vehicle charging, with the exact calculation of renewable energy share coming from energy stored in the battery. The methodology for the multicriteria optimization of the charging/discharging schedule of a battery and electric vehicle charging level is based on multi-attribute utility theory. The optimization criteria include the minimization of charging costs, maximization of renewable energy (from both the solar plant and the battery), and the minimization of battery degradation. The problem is solved using a genetic algorithm optimization procedure adapted to the multicriteria optimization function. The methodology is tested on an illustrative example, and it is proven that the decision-maker’s preferences greatly affects the choice of the optimal strategy and the optimal battery capacity.
DEPENDENCE OF THE ELECTRICITY MARKET ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors:   Elektrodistribucija Srbije, Republika Srbija, Grujić Dunja , Kuzman Milos ,   Udruženje za pravo energetike Srbije, Republika Srbija
Published: November 2024

The legislation of the Republic of Serbia enabled the opening and development of the electricity market, as well as the operation of new distribution system users and market participants like prosumers, aggregators and storages. Distribution system operator is obliged to provide distribution system access to system users on a nondiscriminatory basis, to maintain an up-to-date database of system users, as well as to ensure the confidentiality of commercially sensitive information. It is also obliged to collect and publish data and information necessary for monitoring and administering the electricity market, to read data from meters of system users every month, and to provide system users with access to data on their electricity consumption. In order to fulfil all its legal obligations, the distribution system operator, like almost every other electricity market participant, relies on information systems to enter, store and process data about system users, including personal data of system users, their requests and objections, as well as technical data, e.g. about their connections, meters, consumption and production. The increasingly frequent attacks on information systems have not bypassed the distribution system operators either, which shows the importance of software and hardware security and their regular maintenance. In this paper, challenges for the electricity market due to problems with information systems will be analysed, as well as opportunities for overcoming them in order to have as few consequences to the electricity market as possible
OPTIMIZATION PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANT FOR SELF-CONSUMPTION
Authors:   JP Elektroprivreda BiH.d.d. Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina, Džaferović Jasmina
Published: November 2024

The tendency to increase the installed power in photovoltaic power plants (FNE) in the world is extremely pronounced, especially in the last decade. The biggest contribution to this situation in the world is on the side of the development of existing and new technologies for the production of electricity from solar energy, as well as a significant drop in the prices of FNE equipment. One of the key advantages of using the potential of solar energy is that the FNE equipment has very low maintenance costs and a very long service life - over 25 - 30 years for the production of electricity, and the fact that energy is produced in periods of peak consumption. When designing a photovoltaic power plant, in order to maximize the production of electricity, it is necessary to look in detail: the position of the panels, the configuration of the system in order to minimize the influence of the shading of the photovoltaic modules, the efficiency of the panels, the efficiency of the converter, the losses in the cables of the causes, the decrease in efficiency caused by the increase in the temperature of the photovoltaicpanels. The construction of solar photovoltaic power plants for own needs in the territory of FBiH is defined by legal/sub-legal acts: The financial parameters that will need to be taken for the profitability of the investment are: · based on market analysis, investment for a solar photovoltaic power plant on the roof of an existing building for own needs · tariff lines · compensation for encouraging the production of electricity from renewable sources and in efficient cogeneration for the year 2023. cash flow and internal rate of return.
Knowledge, Understanding and Evaluation of Flexible Forms of Teaching by Students of Primary School Teaching Study Programs
Authors:   University of Primorska, Faculty of Education, Koper, Slovenia, Jenko Matija , Strgaršek Lara ,   University of Primorska, Faculty of Education, Koper, Slovenia, Kopačin Barbara ,   University of Primorska, Faculty of Education, Koper, Slovenia
Published: November 2024

The forms of teaching in the modern world are rapidly changing and are being upgraded, thus enabling the development of certain competencies that cannot be acquired by traditional methods used in the educational process along the entire vertical of education. For classroom teachers to include them in the educational process once they start teaching, they must first get to know them during their studies. We included 54 students of Primary School Teaching study programs at the first and second level in the research. In this paper, we analyzed students’ responses to several questions aimed at exploring their knowledge, understanding, and appreciation of the importance of incorporating flexible teaching methods into lessons for the first and second educational cycles in primary school. We also examined their experiences with implementing these methods during their teaching practice and identified the areas of flexible teaching they wish to further develop before completing their studies in Primary School.
Compliance of the Legal Framework of Preschool Education and Care with the Perceived Needs of Parents: A Slovenian Perspective
Authors:   University of Primorska, Faculty of Education, Koper, Slovenia, Kovačič Martina , Štemberger Tina ,   University of Primorska, Faculty of Education, Koper, Slovenia
Published: November 2024

Research on the accessibility of preschool education and care is proving to be extremely important in guiding family and education policy at the level of the EU member states. The article thus focuses on the period after the end of parental leave, when the child most often transitions into one of the possible forms of organised preschool education or other forms of care. As part of the empirical study, we wanted to identify (i) which reasons influence parents’ decision to choose the collective or individual type of early childhood education and (other) care, and (ii) whether there are differences in such choice based on the level of education of the parents and the household net monthly income. The results indicate a possible necessity for greater flexibility in the legislation in relation to the needs of parents or families in providing childcare. While parents tend to choose to include a child in the so-called collective care from 1 year of age onward, as is now enabled by legislation, this option was followed by the option of partial admission into collective childcare in kindergarten from 1 year of age onward for up to 5 hours a day which is not possible under the valid legislation. Those who choose individual type of care, which is provided by the institute of the childminder, do so mainly because they believe that children in the period up to two or three years need above all security and care of one person or do not want to expose the child to diseases in kindergarten. It is also relevant to note that parents choose this option due to the nature of work responsibilities and individual childcare is more appropriate for the family.
CHILD AND AUSCHWITZ ON FILM: LA VITA È BELLA (1997) AND THE BOY IN THE STRIPED PYJAMAS (2008)
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology, Serbia, Lisić Dragana S.
Published: November 2024

The paper deals with the films La vita è bella by R. Benigni and The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas by M. Herman, in which the main roles are played by children, and both deal with the Holocaust and Auschwitz. While Benigni's film follows the Jewish boy Giosué and his parents through the struggle for survival in the camp, Herman's film presents a contrasting picture – the Jewish boy Shmuel, separated by a wire from Bruno, the son of a Nazi, who is worried about the lack of friends in his new home next to the camp. The element that connects these two films, characteristic of children, is play – Giosué's father represents his stay in the camp through play, in order to protect his son as much as possible from horror and make life more meaningful, and the two boys, although of different nationalities, manage to become friends through play and erase the insurmountable differences caused by war and anti-Semitism, while Bruno, having crossed that border, suffers due to tragic guilt. The example of two films separated by two decades shows how the view of the Holocaust and of children in general is changing. Through Bruno's sister Gretel, it becomes clear how Nazi propaganda affects an underdeveloped child's consciousness, it gives an insight into the very germs of the birth of hatred, uncritically adopted by older authorities. Therefore, conclusions can be drawn as to which methods of indoctrination must never be part of the educational system, and, on the other hand, how to tell today's children about the Holocaust, based on illustrative examples of their peers with whom they can identify and empathize, and cultivate a culture of remembrance.
DIDACTIC GAMES IN TEACHING SERBIAN: A CASE OF YOUNGER GRADES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors:   University „Singidunum”, Belgrade, Čorboloković Saša S. , Kljajić Nataša P. ,   Primary school „Branko Radičević”, Boljevci, Serbia
Published: November 2024

Contemporary language teaching practices aim to provoke and foster curiosity, interaction, active acquisition, critical and creative thinking thus enabling students to put it all in practice. Didactic games could be very helpful in this regard – and what makes them even more convenient is the fact that they could be used in both online and face-to-face educational scenarios, as many of them can easily go digital, with the support of digital tools, such as Kahoot, Quizziz, Mentimeter, Wordwall, etc. The paper displays some cases, used both in online and face-to-face Serbian classes – that proved to be a success in the activities of practice and/or revision (e.g., Associations, Spelling tree, Matching, etc.). Such activities do not only support the correlation between the courses of Serbian and Digital World, but also result in the increased levels of student motivation, i.e., cognitive and social development and awareness of the acquired concepts.
COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW OF ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS CURRICULA AT THE BEGINNING OF PRIMARY EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA, SERBIA, AND MONTENEGRO
Authors:   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philosophy, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Jenjić Slaviša , Kević-Zrnić Snježana ,   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philosophy, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Stanković-Janković Tanja ,   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philosophy, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: November 2024

The cooperation between the Republic of Srpska, Serbia, and Montenegro has a historical context and is evident in economic, social, sports, and particularly educational activities. The result of such cooperation is reflected in the relative uniformity of certain curricula at all levels of education. This paper focuses on the similarities and differences in the mathematics curricula for early elementary education. The analysis covers the mathematics curricula for the first two years of elementary education within the educational systems of the abovementioned countries. A comparative multi-study was conducted to examine the similarities and differences in the curricula concerning general and specific goals, expected learning outcomes, and teaching topics. The units of analysis in this research are the mathematics curricula for the first, second, and third grades in the specified educational systems. Consequently, the study analyzed the learning objectives, learning outcomes listed in the curricula, as well as the number and titles of teaching topics. The results of the analysis, along with some implications and recommendations, are presented in the concluding considerations of the paper.
THE ROLE OF PICTURE BOOKS IN DEVELOPING THE CONCEPT OF NATURAL NUMBERS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Užice, Serbia, Maričić Sanja , Stakić Mirjana ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Užice, Serbia
Published: November 2024

In this paper, the authors point out the significance and role of the picture book in working with preschool children. In particular, they draw attention to the role the picture book can have in developing the concept of natural numbers. The authors consider the picture book to be an integral part which represents a starting point for the activities of children and preschool teachers aimed at whole child development. By using concrete examples, the authors point out the possibilities of using picture books in working with preschool children. Drawing on a sample of preschool teachers (N = 448), the authors conducted research with the aim of investigating: whether preschool teachers use picture books in developing the concept of natural numbers; which purposes they use them for, and in which segment of developing the natural number concept they use them most frequently. The results show that preschool teachers underuse picture books in developing the natural number concept; that they mostly use them for the purpose of increasing motivation for learning in children and also as a starting point for developing the concept of natural numbers, and less so for understanding the natural number structure and number comparison. All this suggests that the potential of picture books in initial mathematics education is underexploited in our teaching context.
DRAMA WORKSHOPS FOR CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AND YOUNGER SCHOOL AGE
Authors:   Academy of Technical-Educational Vocational Studies, Niš, Department in Pirot, Serbia, Veljković Mekić Jelena , Dragutinović Dragana ,   Academy of Technical-Educational Vocational Studies, Niš, Department in Pirot, Serbia
Published: November 2024

Drama workshops as a method of working with children and young people are used in kindergartens and primary schools all around the world. It is known that dramatic art and dramatic activities influence the emotional and intellectual development of children, enable them to explore alternative methods of communication, liberate them from egocentrism and public performance jitters, advocate spontaneity and individuality, develop their creativity and much more. However, it has been noticed that the dramatic method, despite all its positive effects, is underused in the work of educators and teachers. For that reason, this paper is aimed at recording various dramatic exercises and games (non-verbal and spoken exercises and games, imitations, improvisations, dramatization of stories and fairy tales, etudes, making masks, conceptual solutions for the composition of the play, etc.) that can be performed both in kindergartens and in curricular or extracurricular activities of children who attend lower grades of primary school.
EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL OF MUSEUM'S ONLINE LEARNING RESOURCES IN SERBIA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Užice, Serbia, Selaković Kristinka I. , Milutinović Jovana J. ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Philosophy, Serbia
Published: November 2024

The time of the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) accelerated the development of the digital dimension of museums, while those institutions were faced with the challenges of educational activities in new circumstances. The subject of this research relates to the pedagogical potential of the digital environment and the possibilities of online learning in museums in Serbia. The examination continues on earlier research, with the aim of analyzing the pedagogical potential of the museum's online learning resources for children from preschool to high school age. The objective is also to analyze the changes that occurred in relation to the situation that was relevant at the time of the coronavirus pandemic. In the first part of the paper, the problem of online learning in museums and galleries is reviewed through theoretical analysis; to be more precise, the characteristics of the online educational environment are analyzed and synthesized. In the second part of the paper, data collected from the websites of selected museums and galleries in Serbia are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, according to the preformulated criteria that represents an appropriate combination of several indicators of the quality of the online educational environment. The research was carried out on a sample of museums which take part in the relevant portals that ensure the visibility of information about cultural heritage and cultural institutions on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, with the expectation that the results of the research will reveal several technological, pedagogical and social challenges. Focusing on pedagogical challenges, the discussion of the collected data is aimed at evaluating online educational activities in museums in Serbia. It can be concluded that the use of digital tools provides museums with new opportunities in the realization of their pedagogical potential, having in mind that the museum's online learning resources were more relevant during the pandemic caused by the coronavirus
VISUAL ARTS CLASSES AND OTHER SUBJECTS – THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTENT INTEGRATION IN THE LOWER GRADES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Education, Serbia, Pavlović Marija M.
Published: November 2024

Connecting different areas of learning, as opposed to learning isolated facts, represents a holistic approach to teaching that is in line with a child's nature. Such an approach helps a child develop abilities that are necessary to possess in the modern age, such as flexibility in solving different problems, recognizing new relationships between the content being learned, acquiring deeper knowledge, etc. In this paper, we will focus on integrating the content of visual arts classes and other school subjects, which can be organized in different ways depending on the role that the teaching of art plays in that process. The aim of the research is to determine the implementation of integration in the lower grades of primary schools in the Republic of Serbia. The research was conducted in May 2023 through a questionnaire, in which 157 teachers (N = 157) from different cities in Serbia participated. The results show that, according to the teachers' claims, the integration of Visual (fine) arts and other subjects is widespread to a significant extent. Most often, visual arts classes content is linked with the Serbian language, Natural and social sciences, The World around us, and then with other school subjects. However, it is not clear enough how it is implemented, that is, whether the goals and specifics of each area are equally respected in the process. To ensure that the nature of visual art is not neglected in relation to other areas, suggestions are given on what to consider when organizing such teaching. Familiarizing oneself with these proposals could contribute to the quality integration of teaching content, and thus to the positive effects it has on students.