bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tarybų Lietuvos bibliotekų darbuotojų persekiojimas ir žudymas hitlerinės okupacijos metais
Authors: Sinkevičius Klemensas
Published: August 2024

According to the plans of German invaders the system of education and the cultural establishments in Lithuania had been totally destroyed. The libraries of trade unions and other organizations were eliminated, most of mass, scientific and school libraries were closed down. The fascists exercised savage reprisals towards the library workers of the Soviet period, they were discharged from office, persecuted, arrested and sent to concentration camps. Scores of librarians were executed.
Pirmieji Vilniaus Universiteto astronomijos leidiniai
Authors: Matulaitytė Stasė
Published: August 2024

In Lithuania the first books on astronomy were published at the press of Vilnius university and they were written by the University professors and students.In the 16-th.–17-th. centuries astronomy was taught at the University during lectures on mathematics. In those days the most distinguished professor of mathematics was Osvald Krüger (1598–1665) who founded his school of mathematics at the University. Krüger’s students, Jonas Rudamina and Albertas Diblinskis wrote and published books on astronomy, the first of the kind in the European part of the Soviet Union.J. Rudamina’s “Famous Theorems and Problems of Mathematics” (Illustriora theoremata et problemata mathematica...) published in 1633 consists of such parts as optics (44 pages), practical geometry (28 pages), and the largest part is devoted to astronomy, (it comprises astronomy, elementary sphere and a chuch calendar).The auther presents the material from the point of view of the geocentric system but refers to Copernicus’ hypothesis, makes use his data and calculations.In prisenting the theory of the movement of planets he supports Copernicus’ theory about the Earths revolving round the Sun.Diblinskis’ “Astronomic Hundred” (Centuria astronomica, 1639) is made up of a hundred guestions and answers based on Medieval astronomy. The greater part of the guestions is explained following the points of view of Aristotle’s and Ptolemy’s teachings.Diblinskis too made use of Copernicus’ works. Diblinskis’ book must have been very likely, one of the best books dealing with the fundamentals of astronomy in a popular way. The Russian translation of “Centuria astronomica”, 68 years after the publication of the books bears it out.The anonymic book “Mistakes of One Prognostic” (“Blędy jednego prognostyku”, 1654) is also merits mentioning. Having assumed the name of One Priest, the author criticises a booklet in which the people are frightened with the approaching eclipse of the Sun. To pacify the reader, the author elucidates the origin of solar eclipse, logically denies all intimidations of the forerunner.The analyses of the first University publikations on astronomy has shown them to deal with various aspects of astronomy, including the sharp movement of the planets. The axplanation of all the questions was based on the latest achievements of the world science. These publikations also had different purposes. Rudamina’s work is a scientific book presenting precise mathematical calculations and theoretical reasonings. “The Hundred” by Diblinskis and “Mistakes of one Prognostic” are popular science books. The latter is interesting because it must have been one of the first publikations concerned with exact sciences and aimed to explain the phenomena of nature to the general reader.
M. Jankaus leidybinė veikla Bitėnuose (1892–1909 m.)
Authors: Kaunas Domas
Published: August 2024

Die Arbeit der Druckerei von M. Jankus in Bitėnai 1892–1909 ist die längste und die wichtigste Etappe in dem verlegerischen Wirken ihres Besitzers. Hier hat M. Jankus etwa 310 Bücher und 13 Zeitschriften gedruckt. Während der Revolution 1905–1907 wurde sein Betrieb die wichtige verlegerische Basis der Sozialdemokratischen Partei Litauens. Die Kunden des Druckers waren auch die Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, die litauische wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft (USA) sowie Privatpersonen. M. Jankus veröffentlichte litauisch das erste Werk der Begründer des Marxismus “Das Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei” (1904), die Werke des Revolutionärs V. Kapsukas, die Bücher hervorragender litauischer Schriftsteller S. Daukantas, V. Kalvaitis, G. Petkevičaitė, J. Biliūnas, Lazdynų Pelėda, Vydūnas, M. Valančius, K. Stiklius. Der Drucker gab die Periodika heraus, die er selbst redagiert hatte: “Tetutė” (Die Tante, 1891–1893), “Lietuviškas darbininkas” (Den litauischen Arbeiter, 1894), “Saulėteka” (Den Sonnenaufgang, 1900–1902). Bei M. Jankus in Bitėnai hielten sich in Angelegenheiten der Organisierung der Drucklegung berühmte Persönlichkeiten des öffentlichen Lebens Litauens V. Kapsukas, J. Mačys-Kėkštas, J. Šliupas, J. Mikšas, A. Bruožis auf. Der Drucker selbst nahm aktiv an der nationalen Befreiungsbewegung Kleinlitauens teil.
Tarybų Lietuvos bibliotekų kadrai 1940–1941 metais
Authors: Sinkevičius Klemensas
Published: August 2024

After the Soviet rule was restored in Lithuania in the sommer of the year 1940, there began a rapid development of libraries. During the year of Soviet rule the number of the regular library staff has grown 3–4 times. The state and the Party authorities have done a lot work selecting and training new librarians. At the same time there began the preparation of library cadres in the Kaunas Folks-University courses of librarianship and the Chair of bibliology was established in the Vilnius State University. All these works and plans were completely discontinued by the Naci-German agression.
JAV Lietuvių spaustuvės (iki 1904 m.)
Authors: Gargasaitė Dalia
Published: August 2024

In the article there is a short review of the Lithuanian printing-houses activities in the USA. In 30 years a lot of p.-h. were founded. They printed on the whole during 1874–1904 years about 700 books and leaflets. The most productive of them were p.-h. of the newspaper “Vienybė lietuvninkų” in Plymouth, “Saulė” in Mahanoy City – both Pa., also the newspaper “Lietuva” in Chicago, III. The production of lithuanian p.-h. was destined for emigrants only partly. The part of circulation was sent to Lithuania, where since 1864 till 1904 years there was suppressed printing in Roman characters.
Определение структуры информационного потока на базе «рубрикатора тематических интересов НИИ» для главной справочной картотеки НИИ
Authors: Варнене Регина
Published: August 2024

This article is devoted to the problem of organizing the information sources for the Principle information card index.It presents an analysis of the documentary flow in galvanotechnics. Investigations were carried out in following directions:— profile contents study, i e. definition of the inter-branch information,— documentary flow groop definition by the sign of genre,— concentration-distribution study of publications in galvanotechnics in Soviet and foreign periodicals,— quantitative study of augmentation of information sources in galvanotechnics,— study of information receiving ways.Index of Soviet and foreign periodicals consulted by researchers of Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology was compiled as a result of this study. It systemizes bibliographical entries and presents the percentage of researchers having pointed out the given periodicals, index of “Rubricator of main Soviet information publications” and ways periodicals are racieved.Data obtained in the course of preliminary investigation are of great importance for correct organization of documentary flow of the Principal information card index.
Protestant German books in Protestant libraries of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 16th-17th centuries
Authors: Lukšaitė Ingė
Published: August 2024

Files and lists of the following 16th-17th c. libraries are analyzed: the library of King Žygimantas Augustas (part of the library reconstructed by A. Kawecka-Gryczowa - 960 titles), nobleman Salomon Rysiński (birth date unknown - 1625) in Vilnius (about 1000 titles), collections in 1674 given as a present to Slutsk boarding-school (74 books), Kėdainiai estate library of the mid-17th c. (183 titles), and the Vilnius Lutheran church library of the 16th-17th c. (185 titles). Identification of books indicated on the list of the Kėdainiai estate library made it possible to determine that this library belonged to Jonušas Radvila (1612-1655), who was the chief commander of the Army of GDL and Vilnius governor.
All libraries were Latin with the exception of the Vilnius Lutheran church library, in which there were 8 books more in German than in Latin. A conclusion is made that the general trend in Lithuania to choose Latin as the language of intellectual information exerted influence also on the Vilnius Lutheran German community, in whose library there were only 8 books in German more than in Latin. Whereas, in Germany itself (according to the data obtained from the files of the book market in Frankfurt am Main), the number of theological books in German exceeded those in Latin by twice.
As regards the living languages, there were sets of books in German, Polish, Lithuanian, Danish, French, and English. German and Polish books were most abundant. However, it should be pointed out that in Jonušas Radvila's library there were only 10 books in German and 3 books in Polish.
Sets of books from Protestant Germany were only a constituent part of the libraries, taken together with abundant printed products from Switzerland and the Netherlands. Lithuanian Protestants preferred the books used by German university professors, especially the works of antique authors issued in the 16th-17th c., books on the history of European countries, texts of the Bible, and their explanations and interpretations. Among German Protestant authors, Philip Melanchthon was the most popular, next to Professor Justus Lipsius from the Netherlands. Readers were also interested in the works grounding educational reforms.
Librarian and scientist Kazys Sendzikas
Authors: Raguotienė Genovaitė
Published: August 2024

Two articles discuss the research of Kazys Sendzikas (1909?-1940) on Lithuanian libraries and the history of the period of the Republic (1918-1940). First, the author reviews Sendzikas's written heritage, which consists of 20 items. These are mainly articles on Lithuanian library history, particularly on the Library of the Kaunas Priests' Seminary. K. Sendzikas prepared publications from the archives and manuscripts departments on Lithuanian books and authors of the first half of the 19th century. These materials cover famous cultural, library, and book workers such as M. Valančius, J. K. Gintila, J. A. Pabrėža, B. Šmigelskis, and others. The author analyzes Sendzikas's studies on parish libraries, reading, and archives.
The biography of K. Sendzikas has not been investigated until now. Although he lived at the beginning of the 20th century, data about his life is very scarce. The author of the article presents some facts about his life and activities found in archives and other sources. This information reveals that K. Sendzikas lived a short but very complex, dramatic, mysterious, and even tragic life.
K. Sendzikas made a fruitful contribution to the fields of library and book science in a very short time of 3.5 years (1937-1940.06.). His works have great historical and contemporary value for modern research.
Pressebestand der Jahre 1918-1940 in der Nationalbibliothek Litauens
Authors: Vėlavičienė Silvija
Published: August 2024

Die Hauptfunktion der Nationalbibliothek Litauens seit der Gründung am 1. Februar 1919 ist es, die Presseproduktion ihres Staates zu sammeln und zu schützen. Im Jahr 1919 waren die Pflichtexemplare in der Pressegesetzgebung festgelegt, die Vollständigkeit des Repertoires sicherzustellen. Es war also schwer, Pflichtexemplare zu bekommen, und ihre Zahl wechselte ständig. In diesem Artikel werden die Quellen der Pflichtexemplare-Sammlung in Litauen bis zum Jahr 1940, der Pressebestand der Jahre 1918-1940, seine Auswahl und Mittel sowie Möglichkeiten zur Ergänzung besprochen. Hier werden auch widersprüchliche statistische Angaben der verschiedenen Organisationen und Institutionen verglichen. Diese sind mit den Forschungen des Bestandes der litauischen Presse in der Nationalbibliothek kontrastiert.
Außerhalb Litauens, besonders in den USA, wo seit Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts eine große litauische Emigration stattfand, war es besonders schwer, Bücher bis 1940 zu bekommen. Die Nationalbibliothek erhielt nur einen kleinen Teil dieser Angaben. Nach dem Jahr 1990 begann die Nationalbibliothek, die Zusammenarbeit mit Kulturinstitutionen und Archiven der litauischen Gesellschaft in den USA zu intensivieren. Der Bücherbestand der Jahre 1918-1940 in der Nationalbibliothek wurde mit etwa 700 in dieser Zeit in den USA herausgegebenen Büchern ergänzt.
Im Artikel werden auch die Fragen des Schutzes der litauischen Presse der Jahre 1918-1940 behandelt. Besonders wichtig ist es, bald schwindende periodische Publikationen zu retten, einen Schutzbestand aufzubauen, Mikrofilme und Mikrofiche herzustellen.
The Lithuanian collection in the Slavonic and East European collections of the British Library
Authors: Zmrozek Janet
Published: August 2024

-
Псевдоним в биографии творца
Authors: Zaveckienė Žiedūnė
Published: August 2024

-
Authors of Lithuanian books in the first part of 19th century
Authors: Navickienė Aušra
Published: August 2024

During 1795-1864, there were 131 authors of Lithuanian books in Greater Lithuania (they are the main object of our examination). The books of 13 earlier writers were also published, and the literary production of 49 foreign authors was translated into Lithuanian. (The concept "author" in this article is used in a broad sense and includes not only the concrete authors of the books but also compilers, editors, translators, and makers. The concept "book" includes manuscripts and printed works of that time.)
The analysis of the biographical facts of the authors shows that in every decade during 1795-1864, about 18 new names commonly appeared. We can speak about a rapid increase in new authors, especially during the third, fifth, and sixth decades of the 19th century. Among the main reasons, we can name an intensive cultural and social life and the sights of the ethnocultural movement.
Almost all the Lithuanian authors of that period were born in the territories of ethnographic Lithuania: 54% in the province of Kaunas; 39% in Vilnius; 6% in Suvalkai. The predominance of Žemaičiai (inhabitants of West Lithuania) and their dialect can, in part, be explained by the peculiarity of the Lithuanian educational system and the usage of the Lithuanian language in various regions of the country.
The article also deals with the education of Lithuanian authors. 37% of them graduated from priest seminaries, 30% obtained a higher education, 7% had a primary or secondary education, and the education of 26% was obscure. The first authors with secular higher education appeared in the 3rd-4th decades of the 19th century. They produced newly-fashioned ABC books, the first scientific and folk publications, popular brochures about health care, agriculture, housekeeping, and works in the science of language, botany, etc.
The profession of the priest was very common and valued during those times in Lithuania. Priests of both confessions (Catholic and Protestant) made up 63% of all authors. The professions of teacher, lawyer, and official were the most popular among secular writers. Those authors made up 27%. (Professions were undetermined for 10% of the authors.)
In the modernization process of Lithuanian culture, the first woman author entered the arena of Lithuanian literature. It happened in Greater Lithuania in the sixth decade of the 19th century, forty years earlier than in Minor Lithuania.
In this period of seventy years, a new generation of Lithuanian book writers emerged, who essentially renovated the repertoire of Lithuanian literary production and introduced, for the first time, great masterpieces of world literature.
Adomas Jakštas - Dambrauskas (1860-1938) as a Lithuanian public figure and literary man
Authors: Stonienė Vanda
Published: August 2024

The article deals with the cultural activities of A. Jakštas-Dambrauskas, one of the most prominent Lithuanian personalities at the end of the 19th century and during the first three decades of the 20th century. While still in secondary school, A. Dambrauskas became known as a Lithuanian patriot. As a Catholic priest and public figure, he never accommodated himself to Tsarist policy; he encouraged the Lithuanian youth and priesthood to resist the Tsarist ban on the Lithuanian press and to fight for the right to teach children in the Lithuanian language (for such resistance, he was banished by Russian authorities from his native country for some years).
From 1902 to 1906, he worked at the Spiritual Academy in St. Petersburg. He soon returned to Lithuania and began directing the Society of St. Casimir, which focused heavily on publishing books, periodicals, and newspapers. He directed the activities of the Society for almost three decades; in fact, he worked there up until his death. Many publications of the Society were initiated and prepared by him, and many of his own writings appeared as the Society's publications.
A. Jakštas-Dambrauskas' activities were not only restricted to his work at the Society of St. Casimir. His plans and efforts also extended to other fields of Lithuanian cultural life. For more than 50 years, he worked intensively as a publisher, editor, organizer of Lithuanian periodicals, literary figure, publicist, and researcher. A considerable part of his works addressed problems related to religion, philosophy, art, logic, etc. He was well-known for his numerous reviews of Lithuanian poetry and prose works. As a writer, he published several collections of literary pieces. Among his literary achievements, his biographies of many Lithuanian cultural figures and writers should also be mentioned. He was the first to publish scientific and literary texts in Esperanto in Lithuania (from 1922 to 1926, he edited the newspaper Litava Stelo in this language).
Die Bücherzeichen in den alten Litauischen büchern der Vilnius Universitatsbibliothek
Authors: Spiečiūtė Sondra
Published: August 2024

Der Artikel erzählt von den Bücherzeichen, die in den alten litauischen Büchern der Vilnius Universitätsbibliothek gefunden wurden. In den litauischen Büchern wurden alle Arten von Bücherzeichen verwendet. Bei der Arbeit wurden etwa 12.900 alte Bücher (aus dem 16.-20. Jh.) durchgesehen. In all diesen litauischen Büchern wurden fast 2000 verschiedene Bücherzeichen gefunden. Darunter waren: 8 Supralibros (das macht 0,4% aller Bücherzeichen), 16 Exlibris (0,8%), 60 Kleber (3,1%), 671 Bücherstempel (35%) und etwa 1180 Büchereinschriften (61%). Man kann sagen, dass handschriftliche Einschriften in den litauischen Büchern besonders populär waren.
Manchmal wurden in den Büchern mehrere verschiedene Bücherzeichen gefunden, z. B.: Supralibros, Exlibris und Einschriften, oder Bücherstempel und Exlibris usw. Es ist möglich, dass all diese Bücherzeichen aus demselben Buch verschiedenen Leuten gehörten. Das heißt, dass dieses Buch mehrere Eigentümer hatte. Es gab unter den alten litauischen Büchern auch sogenannte „saubere“ Bücher, in denen keine Bücherzeichen gefunden wurden. In diesem Artikel gibt es auch eine kurze Entwicklungsgeschichte jeder Art von Bücherzeichen. Die Bücherzeichen wie Kleber, Bücherstempel und Einschriften wurden in kleinere Gruppen unterteilt.
Hier gibt es auch einige Beispiele der interessantesten Bücherzeichen aller Arten. Besonders interessant sind für uns in den alten litauischen Büchern die handschriftlichen Büchereinschriften von litauischen Bauern, die meistens, besonders im 19. Jh., ihre Bücher mit polnischen, russischen, litauischen, seltener deutschen Einschriften markierten.
Man kann in diesem Artikel auch einige Angaben zu den Eigentümern einiger Bücherzeichen finden.
The Departments of library Science and Book Science in 1995
Authors: Kastanauskaitė Danutė
Published: August 2024

-
Soil assimilation study for drip irrigation. A case study of Central Chile
Authors: Landeros Celerino Quezada
Published: August 2024

The soil classification studies have different utilities such us, farm appraisal, crops selection, land use changes, farm subdivisions and designs of irrigation and drainage projects. In this paper a methodology soil classification or assimilation with the objective to postulate irrigation projects for government irrigation subsidies, is presented. This allows the incorporation of soils non arable for fruit and horticultural production intensive with drip irrigation, by the soil description physical and morphological characteristics and applying agronomic practices for permanent sustained production.
Щодо забезпечення реалізації цінностей безпеки і збереження культурної спадщини через призму чинних і законопроєктних норм містобудівного законодавства
Authors: АПАНАСЕНКО Катерина
Published: August 2024

У статті проаналізовано потенційний вплив цифровізації та змін у складі учасників дозвільних правовідносин у сфері містобудування на забезпечення публічнихінтересів, прав людини у цій галузі. Викладено обґрунтовані висновки щодо потребивнесення коректив до чинного дозвільного законодавства у сфері містобудування /актуального містобудівного законопроєкту № 5655 задля забезпечення цінностейбезпеки і збереження культурної спадщини та виконання відповідних міжнароднихзобов’язань України.
MEASUREMENT AND COMPENSATION OF THREE-PHASE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM INACTIVE POWERS BY SHUNT ACTIVE FILTERING
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine Ihor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute,  Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Artemenko M.Yu. , Kutafin Yu.V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Chopyk V.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Mikhalsky V.M. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Shapoval I.A. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Polishchuk S.Y. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

In this paper, the power theory of three-phase power supply systems was further developed by substantiating new formulas for calculating the unbalance power of three-phase four-wire power supply systems based on the measurement of active and reactive powers of individual phases, which can be used to form compensation signals in distributed active filtering with centralized control. A new structural scheme for controlling an autonomous shunt active filter with extended functionality and increased speed is proposed, which can be used in both three-wire and four-wire power supply systems. Computer modeling confirmed the adequacy of the new formulas for calculating the unbalance power components and the effectiveness of the proposed active filtering strategies to minimize power losses in the transmission line. References 11, figures 3, table 1.
Keterbacaan Buku Bahasa Arab Terbitan Pustaka Mulia
Authors: Nawawi Mukshon , El Zahraa Fatima , Yusufiyanti Nurfatma Khumairo
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the level of readability of the Arabic teaching text book for sixth grade published by Pustaka Mulia and used in SD Islam Ruhama. The cloze test method was used to determine the level of readability of the text. The sample consisted of 80 students from the sixth grade of SD Islam Ruhama. The results of this study showed that the level of readability of the textbook varies. The readability level of the textbook is 34%, which means that the readability is at the level of frustration and the students' reading ability is 43%, which means the level of readability is at the instructional or educational level. The researchers concluded that the textbook did not meet the readability standards and that the readability of the textbook was varied. However, to further support students' reading skills, books or other additional references are still needed.
Analisis Semantik Polisemi Kata Rasyada di dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Fajar Ahmad , Sobari Andri
Published: August 2024

Al-Qur’an adalah wahyu Allah yang diturunkan pada Nabi Muhammad saw. Dengan proses berangsur-angsur serta merupakan kitab terakhir yang berasal dari samawi. Bahasa yang digunakan dalam Al-Qur’an adalah bahasa Arab. Hal ini dikarenakan masyarakat yang pertama kali Rasul berdakwah menggunakan bahasa Arab. Dikarenakan bahasa yang digunakan dalam Al-Qur’an adalah bahasa Arab, tidak sedikit orang yang terjebak dalam memahami makna-makna yang terkandung dalam Al-Qur’an. Kajian makna dikenal dengan ilmu dilalah dan dalam kajian bahasa Arab terdiri dari kajian homonim,  antonim,  polisemi, ambiguitas dan lain sebagainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis polisemi kata Rasyada yang terkandung dalam Al-Qur’an. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-kualitatif. Data yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini berupa kumpulan polisemi kata Rasyada dalam Al-Qur’an. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan bahwa polisemi kata Rasyada dalam Al-Qur’an berjumlah 19 kata yang mempunyai beragam makna. Adapun makna yang sering muncul adalah petunjuk.
HelloTalk: A Review of Internet-Based Software to Support Arabic Vocabulary Mastery
Authors: Fuada Farha , Karima Salman Rizqan , Rahmawati Siti Uriana
Published: August 2024

One of the important elements of mastering Arabic is memorizing vocabulary. This is because vocabulary is related to the four language skills. The main impediment to learning Arabic motivation is a lack of vocabulary mastery. This study focuses on the description of the HelloTalk application in learning Arabic, especially in teaching vocabulary. This research covers the advantages and disadvantages of the HelloTalk application as a means of learning vocabulary. A qualitative approach and the application of triangulation are used to verify the data obtained. The data collection method used was observation and interviews to investigate the practice of teaching vocabulary in the HelloTalk application. The data analysis technique used in this research uses the Miles and Huberman model, which consists of the processes of data collection, data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The involvement of multiple instruments and participants makes the HelloTalk application review more comprehensive. HelloTalk as a learning tool that is popular and effective in learning vocabulary must be further developed so that the potential for language learning is increased and made more useful.
The impact of the dynamics of the domestic e-commerce market on the development of entrepreneurship
Authors: Shendo Maria , Azizova Yesenia , Gaziev Eldar , Lipaev Maxim
Published: August 2024

The sphere of domestic online commerce is actively growing despite the sanctions. The paper analyzes the current state of the local and transnational e-commerce markets and provides prospects for its development.
Due to the active development of the e-commerce sector, the problems of doing Internet business are identified that require legislative regulation, especially in terms of marketplaces as aggregators of a large number of market participants on one site. The article examines the shortcomings of the bills proposed by the Government to business and the consequences of the adoption of bills in the form in which they are currently being considered. The current legislation in the field of trade is insufficiently debugged and is constantly being discussed and adjusted to take into account the needs of all parties: platforms, sellers, intermediaries in the form of an order pick-up point and their employees, consumers and regulatory authorities.
The reasons for the rapid growth of the popularity of marketplaces among sellers have been identified. It is noted that marketplaces help to remove barriers when starting your own business, offering small investments and clear business conditions, training programs and webinars for beginners, provide sellers with a well-established system of analytics and promotion tools and
ready-made logistics infrastructure. Due to such low barriers to entry into the e-commerce market, marketplaces are forming a new class of online entrepreneurs, stimulating the Russian economy and providing consumers with more uniform access to a wide range of goods.
The process of development and the current state of affairs in the online trading market is described, the main limiting and stimulating factors of the development of this market sector from a practical point of view and legislation are identified.
A superexploração da força de trabalho no Brasil: da precarização à escravidão contemporânea
Authors: Costa Jéssica dos Santos
Published: August 2024

Resumo: O artigo explora a conexão entre a escravidão contemporânea no Brasil e a superexploração, baseando-se na análise dos elementos estruturais das relações de trabalho no país. Observa-se que as particularidades sócio-históricas do capitalismo dependente latino-americano são fundamentais para a formação da classe trabalhadora. O texto se articula em dois eixos principais: economia dependente e superexploração da força de trabalho; e escravidão contemporânea no Brasil e as contrarreformas. Para esta análise, utilizamos um levantamento bibliográfico como base metodológica.
Os fenômenos transicionais de Winnicott como conceito operador metodológico para a pesquisa psicanalítica
Authors: Silva Eduarda Xavier de Lima e , Silva Larissa Ramos da , Ferrari Andrea Gabriela , Silva Milena da Rosa
Published: August 2024

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir metodologicamente no campo da pesquisa psicanalítica o lugar do pesquisador na relação com seu objeto de pesquisa. O conceito de fenômenos transicionais de Donald Woods Winnicott foi proposto como operador metodológico para um olhar sobre o pesquisar, sustentando a dimensão do encontro singular entre pesquisador e objeto como produção de conhecimento que se faz justamente entre posições. Entendemos a importância de se debruçar sobre o método na pesquisa psicanalítica e de discutir uma relação entre pesquisador e objeto, reconhecendo a potência da pesquisa como uma produção conjunta que, ao mesmo tempo em que se constrói no encontro, resguarda as diferenças de ambas as posições e materialidades envolvidas.
Perfil das pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids no cárcere
Authors: Bossonario Pedro Augusto , Gazaffi Lívia Maria Lopes , Catoia Érika Aparecida , Santos Glauber Palha dos , Cadamuro Aline Cristina Gonçalves Andrade , Andrade Rubia Laine de Paula , Campanili Glaucia Morandim , Nogueira Jordana de Almeida , Nemes Maria Inês Battistella , Monroe Aline Aparecida
Published: August 2024

Resumo Introdução: No contexto das práticas e políticas de saúde para o enfretamento da infeção pelo HIV, tem-se a população privada de liberdade como prioritária no delineamento de ações e estratégias que qualifiquem a assistência em saúde. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil das pessoas que vivem com HIV em unidades prisionais. Método: Estudo descritivo, realizado em seis unidades prisionais da região de Ribeirão Preto em 2015. A população do estudo compreendeu 85 sujeitos com HIV privados de liberdade. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário estruturado e analisados utilizando estatística descritiva. Resultados: Dos entrevistados, 50,6% eram solteiros, 31,8% casados/união estável, 45,9% pardos, 70,6% tinham escolaridade entre o fundamental I e II, 44,7% afirmaram relação sexual no último ano e 89,4% referiram uso de droga. Quanto ao HIV, 50,6% obtiveram o diagnóstico no sistema prisional, 84,7% realizavam acompanhamento médico, 78,8% usavam terapia antirretroviral (TARV). Quanto às queixas de saúde, 65,9% descreveram ansiedade, agitação, irritabilidade, inquietação; 63,5%, tristeza e desânimo; e 51,8%, fraqueza, cansaço e mal-estar. Conclusão: Houve predomínio de indivíduos com características semelhantes as da população carcerária brasileira. Estiveram presentes condições que potencializam a instabilidade e o agravamento do HIV, sendo que a maioria realizava acompanhamento médico especializado.
Sentimientos expresados por los profesionales que atienden a víctimas de violencia sexual infantojuvenil
Authors: Conceição Marimeire Morais da , Camargo Climene Laura de , Whitaker Maria Carolina Ortiz , Silva Camila Tahis dos Santos , Gomes Nildete Pereira , Rusmando Lúcia Cristina Santos
Published: August 2024

Resumen Objetivo: describir los sentimientos expresados por los profesionales de la salud en la atención a víctimas infantojuveniles de violencia sexual desde la perspectiva teórica del Interaccionismo Simbólico. Métodos: investigación cualitativa realizada con 30 profesionales de salud. Se utilizó un instrumento compuesto por preguntas cerradas para los datos sociodemográficos y un guión con preguntas abiertas para la entrevista. Los datos fueron organizados y analizados utilizando el software Nvivo versión 12, de acuerdo con la propuesta de Bardin, desde la perspectiva del Interaccionismo Simbólico en la obra de Charles Morris. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Investigación. Resultados: surgieron cinco categorías temáticas que revelaron sentimientos de empatía, miedo, indignación, sufrimiento y consternación. Estos sentimientos permanecieron en la memoria de los entrevistados, convirtiendo la atención a infantojuveniles víctimas de violencia sexual en una experiencia conmovedora y difícil que marca profundamente la vida del profesional de salud. Conclusión: es necesario adoptar estrategias de apoyo a la salud mental de los profesionales que actúan en servicios de atención general a infantojuveniles, considerando que existe la posibilidad de que atiendan a infantojuveniles víctimas de violencia sexual en cumplimiento de políticas públicas preexistentes.
Software evaluation on infant development to support teaching and professional training*
Authors: Melo Wesley Soares de , Braga Hévila Ferreira Gomes Medeiros , Cardoso Maria Vera Lúcia Moreira Leitão , Melo Emanuella Silva Joventino , Monteiro Flávia Paula Magalhães
Published: August 2024

Abstract Objective: evaluate the functional performance and technical quality of the Wise Infant Development® educational software with experts. Method: methodological research that followed the software evaluation process according to the ISO/IEC 25010 and NBR ISO-IEC 14598-6 standards. The software’s functional performance was assessed by a group of nurse experts and its technical quality by information technology experts. The Content Validity Index and the Binomial test were used for statistical analysis. Results: in both expert groups, agreement was greater than 70%, indicating that the software is suitable and pertinent to what was proposed in all its evaluated characteristics: functional suitability, reliability, usability, performance efficiency, compatibility, security, maintainability, and portability. The technology received suggestions for improvement, which were accepted. Conclusion: the Wise Infant Development® software was well evaluated by the experts and could contribute to teaching about infant development, both in undergraduate nursing courses and in professional training.
Corpos, intenções e afetos: reflexões para os estudos não representacionais das práticas organizacionais
Authors: SILVA ÍTALO DA , DIAS PÂMELA KAROLINA , SANTOS ELISABETH CAVALCANTE DOS , COSTA FLÁVIA ZIMMERLE DA NÓBREGA
Published: August 2024

Resumo Neste artigo, o objetivo central é posicionar a discussão sobre corporeidade, intenções e afetos como dimensões analíticas não representacionais para os estudos das práticas organizacionais, particularmente no que se refere à (re)criação de relações de poder que promovem inclusões ou exclusões na prática. Em primeiro lugar, evidenciamos o problema de a teoria organizacional negligenciar os corpos, as intenções e os afetos sob uma perspectiva antirracionalista e anticognitivista. Assim, argumentamos em favor de uma imersão pré-reflexiva em contato com as práticas organizacionais. Em segundo lugar, sugerimos a categoria analítica da intencionalidade corporal-afetiva como imersão pré-reflexiva na compreensão das práticas organizacionais, uma vez que é por meio dessa percepção analítica que se constituem as atmosferas afetivas ou os fluxos de afetos. Em terceiro lugar, resgatamos as noções de diferenças, performance e performatividade para compreender como a intencionalidade corporal-afetiva faz fluir inclusões e exclusões nas práticas organizacionais. Ao final, oferecemos questões reflexivas para novas pesquisas na área, com a expectativa de que a proposta de relação analítica entre corpos, intenções e afetos, em conjunto com os conceitos de atmosferas, diferenças, performance e performatividade, contribua, de modo geral, para área dos Estudos Organizacionais não representacionais, e, em específico, para a área dos Estudos Baseados em Prática.
Bodies, intentions, and affections: reflections for non-representational studies of organizational practices
Authors: SILVA ÍTALO DA , DIAS PÂMELA KAROLINA , SANTOS ELISABETH CAVALCANTE DOS , COSTA FLÁVIA ZIMMERLE DA NÓBREGA
Published: August 2024

Abstract In this article, three discussion points are important for us to present critical reflections on deepening organizational theory. Our central aim is to relate the discussion on corporeality, intentions, and affections as non-representational analytical dimensions for studies of organizational practices, particularly with regard to the (re)creation of power relations when they promote inclusions or exclusions in practice. First, we highlight the problem of organizational theory in neglecting the body, intentions, and affections from an anti-rationalist and anti-cognitivist perspective. We advocate a pre-reflexive immersion in contact with organizational practices. Second, we suggest the analytical category of bodily-affective intentionality to perform such a pre-reflective immersion in understanding organizational practices since it is through this analytical perception that affective atmospheres or flows of affect are constituted. Third, we re-look at the notions of differences, performance, and performativity to understand how the bodily-affective intentionality (re)produces inclusions and exclusions in organizational practice. Finally, we offer reflective questions for further research in the area with the expectation that the proposed analytical relationship imbricated between bodies, intentions, and affections together with the concepts of atmospheres, differences, performance, and performativity, contributes to the area of non-representational Organizational Studies, in general, and to the area of practice-based studies, specifically.
Organização alternativa: da crítica da organização a organização da crítica
Authors: MACHADO MATHEUS , MEIRA FABIO BITTENCOURT
Published: August 2024

Resumo O termo “organização alternativa” (OA) tem sido, frequentemente, utilizado de forma assistemática, remetendo a concepções intuitivas e de senso comum. Ao mesmo tempo, autores que o utilizam aspiram incorporar a crítica como elemento distintivo de práticas organizativas. O presente ensaio objetiva problematizar a concepção de OA, buscando na literatura elementos que permitam conceber a crítica como componente das práticas de organizar. Para tanto, foi necessário situar o enfrentamento dos problemas da realidade social, sem cair em concepções dogmáticas ou relegar as OAs a uma posição de subordinação. No intuito de contribuir com a discussão, este ensaio apresenta uma compilação de perspectivas críticas encontradas na literatura que trata da OA, acrescida da abordagem relativamente recente da crítica imanente (CI), conforme concebida por Rahel Jaeggi (2018). Trata-se de uma perspectiva dialética não essencialista, que toma como ponto de partida as reivindicações e condições postas na realidade social, para responder aos problemas e às crises que se colocam em contexto. Portanto seu potencial transformador centra-se nas próprias práticas de organizar, procurando transformá-las. Essa perspectiva aponta para uma concepção de organização como mediadora na solução parcial de problemas decorrentes das contradições da realidade social.
Ocupar, resistir e produzir: famílias assentadas e feiras agroecológicas na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
Authors: Chies Jacir João , Anjos Flávio Sacco dos
Published: August 2024

Resumo Apesar de favorecidas pela proximidade em relação ao principal mercado consumidor do estado, as famílias assentadas da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RMPA) vivem os mesmos dilemas e desafios dos diversos assentamentos de reforma agrária do Brasil. A produção agroecológica de legumes e verduras tem sido o caminho adotado pelos assentados para atender às necessidades de consumidores identificados com a qualidade do produto, mas também com os princípios éticos que regem essa forma de produzir. Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa que envolveu a realização de 57 entrevistas em profundidade. O objetivo central foi examinar as estratégias de reprodução social das famílias com ênfase nas relações estabelecidas no âmbito das feiras agroecológicas da RMPA. Pudemos comprovar que essa forma de comercialização direta assume um papel transcendental na vida dos assentados. A relação de confiança construída com os consumidores é um dos fatores de êxito. As famílias que operam nessas feiras são agentes ativos nessa dinâmica, enxergando-se como sujeitos dos processos de produção e comercialização. Os achados da pesquisa convergem para a chamada abordagem “food as a common”, que visa recuperar o valor dos produtos agroalimentares como um elemento essencial da vida e não como uma simples mercadoria.
“Covichados”: pensar la epidemia de COVID-19 en Argentina desde la postpademia
Authors: Mastrangelo Andrea , Demonte Flavia
Published: August 2024

Resumen Este artículo es un ejercicio de reflexividad sobre investigaciones etnográficas propias de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 realizadas en 2020-2021. Se analizan aquí experiencias, narrativas y políticas de diagnóstico y control de la circulación del virus en tres ciudades de diferente escala urbana de Argentina. Realizado en la postpandemia, nuestro análisis se propone aportar al estudio del fenómeno sanitario desde la antropología social, ofreciendo recomendaciones para la planificación y gestión de futuros y probables confinamientos. Concluimos que nuestra contribución como científicas sociales es la comprensión del fenómeno sanitario en el marco de desigualdades estructurales, emergiendo la necesidad de planificar la prevención por confinamiento a escalas micro, meso y macro sociales.
FROM BRAZIL TO CANADA: TRANSLATION AND CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF AN APP FOR BREASTFEEDING PREMATURE BABIES
Authors: Curan Gabriela Ramos Ferreira , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Marini Flavia Casasanta , Pimenta Rosangela Aparecida , Castral Thaíla Correa , Schwenck Gracielle , Jackson Kimberley , Rossetto Edilaine Giovanini
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: Translating and culturally adapting the AmamentaCoach app, originally developed in Brazil, for use by mothers of premature babies in Canada, through international research collaboration. Method: This is applied research in the form of technological development, in which the World Health Organization's recommendations for the translation and cultural adaptation of instruments were taken into account. Five Canadian researchers who are experts in breastfeeding promotion evaluated the appearance, language, and content of the new version of the app. An 18-item instrument was used with Likert scale response options indicating the degree of agreement for each statement, where 1=Strongly Disagree, 2=Disagree, 3=Neutral, 4=Agree, and 5=Strongly Agree. Results: In the first round of evaluation, the total Content Validity Index (CVI-T) was 0.72, and 6 of the 18 items did not reach CVI-I ≥0.8. A total of 59 screens (74%) of the app were modified, especially in terms of language and the quality of the translation of the texts, reaching CVI-T=0.87 in the second round. Conclusion: The Breastfeeding Coach app showed expressions adjusted to Canadian reality, meaningful images, and new auxiliary resources specific to Canada. Changes in content and attenuations in the rhetorical textual pattern, prompted by cultural differences in the nurse-client relationship and the woman's role in these two different societies, sought consistency with the reality of breastfeeding practices in Canada.
Prevalência de sífilis em mulheres trans e travestis no Brasil: resultados de um estudo multicêntrico nacional
Authors: Rocha Aline Borges Moreira da , Sperandei Sandro , Benzaken Adele , Bacuri Rita , Bassichetto Katia Cristina , Oliveira Elaine Lopes de , Silveira Edilene Peres Real da , Dourado Maria Inês Costa , Veras Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena
Published: August 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de sífilis adquirida e fatores associados em uma pesquisa nacional. Métodos: "TransOdara" foi um estudo transversal compreendendo mulheres trans e travestis (MTT) em cinco grandes cidades do Brasil durante dezembro–2019 e julho–2021. A amostra foi recrutada usando o método respondente-driven sampling (RDS). O desfecho “sífilis ativa” foi definido como um teste treponêmico positivo e título do Venereal-Disease-Research-Laboratory (VDRL) maior ou igual a ⅛. Variáveis sociodemográficas foram descritas. Análises bi- e multivariadas foram realizadas, e odds ratio (OR) e IC95% foram estimados. Todas as análises foram realizadas no R,4.3.1. Resultados: Um total de 1.317 MTT foram recrutadas, com 1.291 sendo testadas para sífilis, das quais 294 (22,8%) preencheram os critérios para sífilis ativa. Na análise bivariada, raça negra/parda (OR=1,41; IC95% 1,01–1,97), nível básico de educação (OR=2,44; IC95% 1,17–5,06), não alteração do nome nos documentos (OR=1,39; IC95% 1,00–1,91) e trabalho sexual (pregresso OR=2,22; IC95% 1,47–3,32; parcial OR=2,75; IC95% 1,78–4,25; período integral OR=3,62; IC95%: 2,36-5,53) foram associados à sífilis ativa. Na análise multivariada, o trabalho sexual foi o único fator associado, 2,07 (IC95%: 1,37-3,13) trabalho sexual passado, 2,59 (IC95% 1,66–4,05) trabalho sexual em tempo parcial e 3,16 (IC95% 2,04–4,92) trabalho sexual como principal fonte de renda. Conclusão: A prevalência de sífilis ativa neste estudo foi elevada em comparação com outros países da América Latina. O trabalho sexual foi um fator associado importante com sífilis ativa, destacando o impacto que essa condição de vulnerabilidade pode ter na saúde das MTT, como membros de uma população-chave marginalizada.