bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulatory B10 Cells Differentiate into Antibody-Secreting Cells After Transient IL-10 Production In Vivo
Authors: Maseda Damian , Smith Susan H. , DiLillo David J. , Bryant Jacquelyn M. , Candando Kathleen M. , Weaver Casey T. , Tedder Thomas F.
Published: December 2011

Regulatory B cells that are functionally defined by their capacity to express IL-10 (B10 cells) downregulate inflammation and autoimmunity. In studies using well-defined IL-10 reporter mice, this rare B10 cell subset was also found to maintain a capacity for plasma cell differentiation. During a transient period of il10 transcription, the blimp1 and irf4 transcription factors were induced in B10 cells, whereas pax5 and bcl6 were downregulated as a significant fraction of B10 cells completed the genetic and phenotypic program leading to Ab-secreting cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. B10 cell-derived IgM reacted with both self- and foreign Ags, whereas B10 cells generated Ag-specific IgG in response to immunizations. Moreover, B10 cells represented a significant source of serum IgM and IgG during adoptive-transfer experiments and produced Ag-specific, polyreactive and autoreactive Ab specificities that were consistent with their expression of a diverse AgR repertoire. Thereby, B10 cells limit inflammation and immune responses by the transient production of IL-10, and may facilitate clearance of their eliciting Ags through an inherent capacity to quickly generate polyreactive and/or Ag-specific Abs during humoral immune responses.
Left Internal Carotid Artery Agenesis Associated with Basilar and Left Vertebral Artery Aneurysm
Authors: Paşaoğlu Lale , Vural Murat , Ziraman İpek , Uyanιk Sadιk Ahmet
Published: December 2011

Agenesis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare congenital anomaly. Most of the patients are asymptomatic and it is usually discovered incidentally by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). There is close association of the cranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage with ICA agenesis. We present a case of a 61-year-old male with left ICA agenesis associated with basilar artery and left vertebral artery aneurysms. The patient complained of headaches and numbness on the right-side of the face. Physical examination showed high blood pressure (210/90 mmHg). Neurological examination revealed nystagmus and decreased sensation on the right-side of the face. Agenesis of left ICA, left carotid canal with basilar and left vertebral artery aneurysms were demonstrated incidentally using CT, MRI, and digital subtraction angiography, as a part of an evaluation for suspected cerebrovascular accident.
Plexiform Ameloblastoma of the Mandible
Authors: Chauhan Dinesh Singh , Guruprasad Yadavalli
Published: December 2011

Ameloblastoma is a common and aggressive odontogenic epithelial tumor. It has an aggressive behavior and recurrent course, and is rarely metastatic. Ameloblastoma represents 1% of all tumors and cysts that involve the maxillomandibular area and about 10% of the odontogenic tumors. It is primarily seen in adults in the third to fifth decade of life, with equal sex predilection. Radiographically, it appears as an expansile radiolucent, with thinned and perforated cortices, and is known to cause root resorption. As it shares common radiographic features with other lesions such as the giant cell tumor, aneurismal bone cyst, and renal cell carcinoma metastasis, a definitive diagnosis can only be made with histopathology. We present an extensive case of plexiform ameloblastoma of the mandible in a 42-year-old female patient.
The Efficiency of Parathyroidectomy and the Comparison of the Complications of Surgical Procedures in Dialysis Patients
Authors: Kasım Çağlayan , Güngör Bülent , Koca Bülent , Çınar Hamza , Malazgirt Zafer , Polat Cafer , Erzurumlu Kenan
Published: December 2011

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is the hyperplasia and hyperfunctioning of the parathyroid gland in chronic renal failure. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficiency and complications of surgical methods for secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients requiring dialysis. Forty-one patients operated for secondary hyperparathyroidism before renal transplantation were retrospectively analysed. The efficiency and complications of types of surgery in relation with age, gender, duration of dialysis, symptoms, laboratory test results before and after surgery were evaluated. Mean duration of dialysis was 6.2 ± 3.98 years. Patient's calcium, phosphorus and parathormone levels before surgery were 9.83 ± 1.25 mg/dl, 5.73 ± 2.15 mg/dl, 1847, 0.02 ± 666.602 pg/ml and, after surgery, were 7.85 ± 1.36 mg/dl, 4.5 ± 1.55 mg/dl, 288.05 ± 404.09 pg/ml. The differences betweeen preoperative and postoperative values were statistically significant (p < 0.05) recognizing the efficiency of surgery. The age of patients, the duration of dialysis and the type of surgery were not significantly effective on this difference (p > 0.05). Fifteen patients had subtotal parathyroidectomy, 25 patients had total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation and one patient had total parathyroidectomy. The incidence of complications did not differ with age, gender, duration of dialysis and type of surgery (p > 0.05). The type of surgery did not possess difference in the improvement in levels of calcium, phosphorus and parathormone and also in the incidence of complications in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Surgeon's experience and individual patient characteristics seem to be more important in determining the type of surgery.
Hemodialysis without Heparin: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Study of Two Dialysis Membranes (AN69ST and Polysulfone F60)
Authors: Brunet Philippe , Frances Julie , Vacher-Coponat Henri , Jaubert Dominique , Lebrun Gaetan , Gondouin Bertrand , Duval Ariane , Berland Yvon
Published: December 2011

Purpose

It has been suggested that clotting of the extracorporeal circuit during hemodialysis (HD) without heparin could be reduced by using the polyacrylonitrile AN69ST membrane. However, this has never been demonstrated in a controlled study. The objective of this study was to compare the AN69ST with a polysulfone membrane during HD without heparin in a controlled study.

Methods

This was a prospective, randomized, crossover study. Each patient had two 3-h test sessions without heparin, one with polysulfone F60 (Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany), and the other with AN69ST (Hospal-Gambro, Meyzieu, France). The extracorporeal circuit was pre-rinsed with saline containing unfractionated heparin. The order of the test sessions was randomized. The test sessions were performed one week apart, during the midweek day. The participants were stable HD patients without bleeding risk. The measurements were the number of sessions with partial or complete circuit clotting.

Results

Fifty-four patients were included in the study. The number of sessions interrupted for circuit clotting was 8 (15%) with AN69ST, and 10 (19%) with polysulfone (p=0.60). Complete circuit clotting occurred in 3 (6%) sessions with the two dialyzers. Partial circuit clotting manifested by a persistent increase in venous pressure occurred in 5 (9%) sessions with AN69ST, and in 7 (13%) sessions with polysulfone (p=0.54). Mean urea reduction ratio was 62±7% for AN69ST, and 63±7% for polysulfone (p=0.62).

Conclusions

The AN69ST membrane did not decrease the rate of circuit clotting during HD without heparin compared to the polysulfone F60 membrane.
The Martyrdom Effect: When Pain and Effort Increase Prosocial Contributions
Authors: Olivola Christopher Y. , Shafir Eldar
Published: December 2011

Most theories of motivation and behavior (and lay intuitions alike) consider pain and effort to be deterrents. In contrast to this widely held view, we provide evidence that the prospect of enduring pain and exerting effort for a prosocial cause can promote contributions to the cause. Specifically, we show that willingness to contribute to a charitable or collective cause increases when the contribution process is expected to be painful and effortful rather than easy and enjoyable. Across five experiments, we document this “martyrdom effect,” show that the observed patterns defy standard economic and psychological accounts, and identify a mediator and moderator of the effect. Experiment 1 showed that people are willing to donate more to charity when they anticipate having to suffer to raise money. Experiment 2 extended these findings to a non‐charity laboratory context that involved real money and actual pain. Experiment 3 demonstrated that the martyrdom effect is not the result of an attribute substitution strategy (whereby people use the amount of pain and effort involved in fundraising to determine donation worthiness). Experiment 4 showed that perceptions of meaningfulness partially mediate the martyrdom effect. Finally, Experiment 5 demonstrated that the nature of the prosocial cause moderates the martyrdom effect: the effect is strongest for causes associated with human suffering. We propose that anticipated pain and effort lead people to ascribe greater meaning to their contributions and to the experience of contributing, thereby motivating higher prosocial contributions. We conclude by considering some implications of this puzzling phenomenon. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Help me, I'm fat! Social support in online weight loss networks
Authors: Ballantine Paul W. , Stephenson Rachel J.
Published: December 2011

Social networks have become an increasingly common way for people to share information and seek emotional support for issues surrounding weight loss. This study aims to explore how users of a commercial social networking site who are focussed on weight loss give and/or receive social support to/from other users. The authors use quantitative data from 145 members of the Weight Watchers Facebook page to explore how social support is both given and received, and the communication style by which this is achieved. This study reveals three groups—Passive Recipients, Active Supporters and Casual Browsers. Passive Recipients receive a high level of informational and emotional support but do so by being passive communicators. Active Supporters also receive a high level of both informational and emotional support yet are more active in their communication style. Casual Browsers receive little social support and exhibit a passive communication style. Thus, the authors find evidence that even though members of a social network may share a common interest, the way members choose to participate and interact, and the benefits they accrue by doing so differ substantially. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generation of Dhx9‐deficient clones in T‐cell development with a mitotic recombination technique
Authors: Zhu Yi , Liu Shiwei , Yin Qili , Xu Tian , Wu Xiaohui , Zhuang Yuan
Published: December 2011

Mitotic recombination is an effective tool for generating mutant clones in somatic tissues. Because of difficulties associated with detecting and quantifying mutant clones in mice, this technique is limited to analysis of growth‐related phenotypes induced by loss function of tumor suppressor genes. Here, we used the polymorphic CD45.1/CD45.2 alleles on chromosome 1 as pan‐hematopoietic markers to track mosaic clones generated through mitotic recombination in developing T cells. We show that lineage‐specific mitotic recombination can be induced and reliably detected as CD45.1 or CD45.2 homozygous clones from the CD45.1/CD45.2 heterozygous background. We have applied this system in the analysis of a lethal mutation in the Dhx9 gene. Mosaic analysis revealed a stage‐specific role for Dhx9 during T‐cell maturation. Thus, the experimental system described in this study offers a practical means for mosaic analysis of germline mutations in the hematopoietic system. genesis 50:543–551, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
DSM‐IV versus DSM‐5: Implementation of proposed DSM‐5 criteria in a large naturalistic database
Authors: Birgegård Andreas , Norring Claes , Clinton David
Published: December 2011

Objective:

Problems with the current DSM‐IV eating disorder (ED) section have resulted in proposed changes toward the upcoming DSM‐5 (http://www.dsm5.org/ProposedRevisions/Pages/EatingDisorders.aspx). We investigated consequences of these by implementing the proposal in a large naturalistic database.

Method:

Patients were 2,584 children/adolescents and adults enrolled at specialized ED clinics in Sweden. DSM‐IV diagnoses anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and “not otherwise specified” examples were compared with DSM‐5 anorexia, bulimia, and binge ED, as well as atypical anorexia, subthreshold bulimia, and binge eating, purging disorder, and the residual unspecified category. Assessment methods included a semistructured diagnostic interview and self‐ratings of ED and psychiatric symptoms.

Results:

We studied age‐separated diagnostic distributions and explained variance in clinical variables associated with the two systems. Results showed some improvement of diagnostic specification as well as a slight increase in explained variance.

Discussion:

Remaining problems with the proposed changes were also highlighted, and possible further refinement is discussed. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
Conservative unsteady aerodynamic simulation of arbitrary boundary motion using structured and unstructured meshes in time
Authors: Rendall Thomas C. S. , Allen Christian B. , Power Edward D. C.
Published: December 2011

Simulation of unsteady fluid behaviour with arbitrary boundary motion or topological change remains restricted owing to mesh deformation limitations, and usually requires the application of special techniques using overlapping meshes, sliding planes, remeshing or immersed boundaries. This work presents the application of a spacetime interpretation of the fluid conservation laws that unifies meshes in space and time. This effectively replaces the problem of mesh deformation with the problem of mesh generation and, because connectivity is no longer restricted to being constant in time, any motion or topological change may be simulated. Examples are given applying the method to a piston, a pitching NACA0012 aerofoil, an appearing/disappearing object, a two‐dimensional store separation and a rotation case to validate and then demonstrate the capabilities of the method. Results for the pitching aerofoil case are compared with a conventional moving mesh unsteady computation and shown to be consistent, whereas the demonstration cases show qualitatively correct behaviour and illustrate the general nature of the technique. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Auf dem Weg zum Kunstherz
Authors: Cuenca‐Navalon Elena , Finocchiaro Thomas , Jansen So Hyun , Heinke Stefanie
Published: December 2011

Künstliche Herzsysteme – der Bedarf ist enorm, die Entwicklung schwierig: Wie die angewandte Medizintechnik versucht, neue Lösungen zu finden. Dabei spielen mechanisch‐hydraulische Modelle eine ebenso wichtige Rolle wie innovative Software‐Simulationen.
Von Genen und Fossilien
Authors: Müller Johannes , Bickelmann Constanze
Published: December 2011

Berührungspunkte gibt es viele, doch lange gingen Paläontologen und Molekularbiologen getrennte Wege. Die Paläobiologie kombiniert die Methoden beider Disziplinen – mit aufschlussreichen Ergebnissen, wie Studien zu eierlegenden Landwirbeltieren zeigen.
Eine Stimme gegen das Unbehagen
Authors: Kleiner Matthias
Published: December 2011

In der Wissenschaft und vor allem in den unterfinanzierten Universitäten wächst eine kritische Grundstimmung gegen unproduktive Rastlosigkeit, übermäßigen Wettbewerbsdruck und Drittmittelzwang. Sie gilt es aufzunehmen: Was sind die Ursachen, wie kann man gegensteuern?
PKMζ is necessary and sufficient for synaptic clustering of PSD‐95
Authors: Shao Charles Y. , Sondhi Rachna , van de Nes Paula S. , Sacktor Todd Charlton
Published: December 2011

The persistent activity of protein kinase Mzeta (PKMζ), a brain‐specific, constitutively active protein kinase C isoform, maintains synaptic long‐term potentiation (LTP). Structural remodeling of the postsynaptic density is believed to contribute to the expression of LTP. We therefore examined the role of PKMζ in reconfiguring PSD‐95, the major postsynaptic scaffolding protein at excitatory synapses. In primary cultures of hippocampal neurons, PKMζ activity was critical for increasing the size of PSD‐95 clusters during chemical LTP (cLTP). Increasing PKMζ activity by overexpressing the kinase in hippocampal neurons was sufficient to increase PSD‐95 cluster size, spine size, and postsynaptic AMPAR subunit GluA2. Overexpression of an inactive mutant of PKMζ did not increase PSD‐95 clustering, and applications of the ζ‐pseudosubstrate inhibitor ZIP reversed the PKMζ‐mediated increases in PSD‐95 clustering, indicating that the activity of PKMζ is necessary to induce and maintain the increased size of PSD‐95 clusters. Thus the persistent activity of PKMζ is both necessary and sufficient for maintaining increases of PSD‐95 clusters, providing a unified mechanism for long‐term functional and structural modifications of synapses. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Teaching Feminist Counselor Responses to Novice Female Counselors
Authors: CUMMINGS ANNE L.
Published: December 2011

This article describes an innovative teaching method to teach novice counselors 4 counselor responses based on selected goals of feminist counseling. Using a workshop format and ongoing group supervision, graduate student counselors were taught 4 counselor responses: empowerment, decreasing the power differential between client and counselor, taking a gender role perspective, and placing client issues in a sociocultural context. An evaluation of the teaching approach showed that counselors were able to apply feminist counselor responses in counseling sessions with clients and that these clients reported experiencing these responses.
Counselor Education and Supervision: On‐Line Peer Review Editing, On‐Line Submissions, and Publishing Articles on the World Wide Web
Authors: Smaby Marlowe H. , Maddux Cleborne D. , Zirkle Denise S. , Henderson Norma J.
Published: December 2011

The authors describe a 5‐phase implementation plan in which the staff of Counselor Education and Supervision will use the World Wide Web (the Web) for editing manuscripts for the journal, and potential authors will use the Web for submitting manuscripts for publication consideration. Documentation of the steps taken may provide guidance and help for current and future editors of academic journals. In addition, possible future uses of the Web and the Internet for expanding and enhancing publication options beyond traditional print media are discussed.
Initial Reactions to Client Attributional Presentations: Content Versus Belief Similarity Models
Authors: Murdock Nancy L.
Published: December 2011

Two models of attribution were compared in assessing counselors' reactions to clients' initial attributional presentations. Predictions derived from the content model of attribution suggested that certain attributional content in client presentations (e.g., internal and unstable explanations) would create more favorable counselor impressions. The belief similarity model predicted that counselor–client agreement on explanations for the client's problem was more critical. Results partially supported both models: Counselors reacted most positively when they disagreed with the client's internal attribution and the most negatively when they disagreed with the client's external attribution.
New Assistant Professors of Counselor Education: Their Preparation and Their Induction
Authors: Magnuson Sandy , Norem Ken , Haberstroh Shane
Published: December 2011

The literature documents that there has been a limited number of qualified applicants to fill counselor education positions. This article features a profile of assistant professors who accepted their first counselor education positions in 1999 as well as their comments regarding their experiences as applicants. Recommendations derived from the data are included for counselor educators, professors‐in‐training, and search committees.
Examining Supervisor Impairment From the Counselor Trainee's Perspective
Authors: Muratori Michelle C.
Published: December 2011

Although there is a growing body of literature on counselor impairment, the topic of supervisor impairment has surprisingly been overlooked. The author explores the implications of working with an impaired supervisor at various levels of counselor development and discusses some of the critical factors that may influence how a supervisee decides to handle this problem. In addition to discussing the misuse of power by the impaired supervisor, other factors (e.g., the nature and severity of the supervisor's impairment) are also discussed. The author presents an ethical decision‐making model that can be used to guide the counselor trainee through the arduous process of determining a viable course of action.
Book Review of Counseling the Culturally Different: Theory and Practice
Authors: Mason Cynthia Palmer
Published: December 2011

Counseling the Culturally Different: Theory and Practice (3rd ed.) by Derald Wing Sue & David Sue (1999). New York: Wiley. 368 pages ($47.50). ISBN 0 471–14887–3.
Counselor Education and Supervision: Guidelines for On‐Line Submission of Manuscripts
Authors: Smaby Marlowe H. , Smith Michael Robert , Maddux Cleborne D.
Published: December 2011

The journal of Counselor Education and Supervision began converting to an electronic manuscript review process 2 years ago. This article describes the new procedures to familiarize readers and potential submitters with the on‐line submission process. Manuscripts will now be accepted through diskette and e‐mail submission, leading ultimately to a paperless review process.
Novice Supervisees' Self‐Evaluations and Their Perceptions of Supervisor Style
Authors: Steward Robbie J. , Breland Alfiee , Neil Douglas M.
Published: December 2011

Multiple regression analyses of data obtained for 36 counseling supervision dyads indicated that attractiveness, an aspect of supervisory style, was negatively associated with supervisees' self‐evaluations and positively associated with the difference between trainees' and supervisors' evaluations of counseling competence at the end of the 1st practicum experience. Supervisors' interpersonal sensitivity and task orientation were not found to contribute significantly to either of the criterion variables.
Selection of School Counselor Candidates: Future Directions at Two Universities
Authors: Stone Carolyn B. , Hanson Charles
Published: December 2011

A new vision of school counseling asserts that counselors must address all children and must orient counseling services toward the primary mission of schools: to educate young people and to support their healthy development. Two universities that are working to prepare new vision school counselors have changed their recruitment and selection procedures to attract increased numbers of candidates who can be optimally trained to fulfill the requirements of this vision. The authors describe criteria and procedures used to select graduate students who have the greatest promise of becoming leaders, advocates, and change agents in schools to promote student learning and achievement.
Transgender Issues in Counselor Preparation
Authors: Carroll Lynne , Gilroy Paula J.
Published: December 2011

The emergent consciousness and political activism emanating from the transgender community have important implications for counselor education. Treatment issues are no longer exclusively centered on aiding “gender dysphoric” individuals to assume either a “male” or “female” gender but rather on exploring alternative gender identifications and options. Counselor educators and supervisors need to model for their students a “trans‐positive” approach to counseling that affirms and celebrates individuals with nontraditional gender identities.
Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Counselor Skills Personal Development Rating Form
Authors: Torres‐Rivera Edil , Wilbur Michael P. , Maddux Cleborne D. , Smaby Marlowe H. , Phan Loan T. , Roberts‐Wilbur Janice
Published: December 2011

The authors completed an exploratory factor analysis of the scores of 248 counselors‐in‐training on the Counselor Skills Personal Development Rating Form (CSPD‐RF; M. B. Wilbur, 1991). Participants' counseling program was accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs at a midsize western university. The authors of the CSPD‐RF hypothesized that the CSPD‐RF measured 2 factors: (a) personal development and (b) skills development. Factor analysis yielded 4 factors (Emotional Sensitivity, Basic Listening Skills, Multicultural Skills, and Influencing Skills), accounting for 58.4% of the total variance, thus providing some support for the construct validity of the CSPD‐RF.
Using Cognitive Interventions With Counseling Practicum Students During Group Supervision
Authors: Fitch Trey J. , Marshall Jennifer L.
Published: December 2011

The authors argue that students in counseling practicum courses experience many self‐defeating thoughts and anxieties. These worries can impede their performance as new counselors and can have a negative impact on the supervision process. The authors outline innovative methods used by cognitive therapists to address this anxiety. In addition, a model is presented for counselor educators to use cognitive restructuring techniques as a supervision tool.

Summary

Throughout their studies, counseling graduate students face many possible fears and anxieties that arise from their classroom experiences. The greatest fears and anxieties seem to be related to the counseling practicum experience. This experience is one in which students may feel incompetent, vulnerable, and unskilled as they begin to put their classroom knowledge and experiences into practice. If these fears and anxieties persist, students have a hard time making progress in the area of the counseling relationship and skill building.

We have examined how practicum students' fears and anxieties might be addressed, using cognitive interventions. Such interventions allow students to take irrational thoughts and change them to rational thought patterns. This is accomplished by asking students to state their fears verbally, to think about the effects of the fears and the consequences, to think about intervening beliefs and thoughts, and to restate the fears in a rational manner.

Our experience suggests that cognitive interventions are useful strategies to help practicum students combat fears and anxieties. Further research might examine the use of other behavioral interventions to address these fears. For example, does role‐playing a counseling technique in supervision make a student less anxious about applying it in a real counseling session?

In summary, fear and anxiety can impede the preparation of counselors during their practicum experiences. Understanding the underlying thoughts that cause these fears can help students overcome self‐defeating thought patterns. Cognitive restructuring techniques have been shown to reduce tension and can be used with counseling practicum students to help relieve performance and supervision anxiety.
Book Review of Principles and Applications of Assessment in Counseling
Authors: Granello Darcy Haag
Published: December 2011

Principles and Applications of Assessment in Counseling by Susan C. Whiston (2000).
The Developmental Process of Clinical Supervisors in Training: An Investigation of the Supervisor Complexity Model
Authors: Baker Stanley B. , Exum Herbert A. , Tyler Richard E.
Published: December 2011

The authors investigated C. E. Watkins's (1994) supervisor complexity model (SCM). The Psychotherapy Supervisor Development Scale (PSDS; C. E. Watkins, L. J. Schneider, J. Haynes, & R. Nieberding, 1995) was used to ascertain development over a 15‐week supervision practicum for 12 doctoral students and to compare their development with 7 doctoral students who had not yet begun their practicums. A set of retrospective interview questions produced responses that were used to investigate the viability of the 4 proposed discrete developmental stages in the SCM. The PSDS findings are congruent with theory. The retrospective interview findings, although interesting, are less definitive. Recommendations for research and training are presented.
Professional Development Schools: New Opportunities for Training School Counselors
Authors: Clark Mary Ann , Horton‐Parker Radha
Published: December 2011

The authors examine how counselor educators can become involved in professional development schools to create enhanced training opportunities for school counseling internship students. The benefits of collaboration between university and public school faculties are explored, and research opportunities are discussed. Counselor educators' expertise in research and program evaluation, combined with school counselors' pragmatic experience in dealing with real‐life issues, may promote best practices in the schools and improved training for school counselors and can set the stage for collaboration as an educational team at the preservice level.
Book Review of Experiential Activities for Teaching Career Counseling Classes and for Facilitating Career Groups
Authors: Larson Janelle M. , Denzine Gypsy M.
Published: December 2011

Experiential Activities for Teaching Career Counseling Classes and for Facilitating Career Groups by Mark Pope & Carole W. Minor (Eds.).
ACES: Celebrating Our Past While Shaping Our Future
Authors: Goldberg Alan D.
Published: December 2011

Reproduced here is the presidential message delivered at the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision luncheon held during the American Counseling Association National Conference in New Orleans, LA, in March 2002.
Using Screenwriting Techniques to Create Realistic and Ethical Role Plays
Authors: Shepard David S.
Published: December 2011

The author describes an innovative training strategy that can be used to make role plays a more realistic learning experience for counseling students. The method involves using techniques that screenwriters use to create believable characters and applying these techniques to help students create realistic role‐play clients. This approach also resolves some of the ethical and practical concerns that have been raised regarding role plays in which student clients discuss personal issues in practice sessions. Evaluations of the method, cautions, and implications for future research are discussed.
Supervisor and Supervisee Attachments and Social Provisions Related to the Supervisory Working Alliance
Authors: White Victoria E. , Queener John
Published: December 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between supervisors' and supervisees' self‐reported ability to make healthy adult attachments in relationships, social provisions, and the perceptions of the supervisory working alliance. Data from 67 supervisee‐supervisor dyads indicated that supervisees' social provisions and ability to make healthy adult attachments did not predict supervisees' or supervisors' perceptions of the working alliance at a statistically significant level, but the supervisors' ability to make adult attachments was predictive of both the supervisees' and supervisors' perceptions of the supervisory working alliance. Implications of the findings and directions for future research are discussed.
Recruitment and Retention of Ethnic Minority Counselor Educators: An Exploratory Study of CACREP‐Accredited Counseling Programs
Authors: Holcomb‐McCoy Cheryl , Bradley Carla
Published: December 2011

This exploratory study sought to determine the strategies used by programs accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) to recruit and retain ethnic minority faculty. Seventy‐three CACREP liaisons were surveyed, and the results indicated that many programs have not developed specific strategies to recruit and retain ethnic minority faculty. Mentoring was the most frequently reported strategy for retaining ethnic minority faculty. Implications for counselor education are discussed.
Teaching a Course in School‐Based Consultation
Authors: Davis Keith M.
Published: December 2011

The author details strategies for teaching a graduate‐level counseling course in school‐based consultation. Specifically addressed are strategies for developing a consultation knowledge base and the importance of skills development for school counselors‐in‐training as well as other school‐based practitioners.
The Coconstruction of Congruency: Investigating the Conceptual Metaphors of Carl Rogers and Gloria
Authors: Wickman Scott A. , Campbell Cynthia
Published: December 2011

The counseling session between Carl Rogers and Gloria, which was documented in the training film Three Approaches to Psychotherapy (E. L. Shostrom, 1965), is one of the most widely used teaching tools in the field of counselor education. G. Lakoff and M. Johnson's (1980, 1999) framework for investigating conceptual metaphor provided a useful method for understanding how meaning negotiation took place within the session as well as how Rogers and Gloria arrived at a meaningful therapeutic outcome by coconstructing a Utopia metaphor that reframed perfect as whole in a way that was congruent with Gloria's metaphoric structures for self and knowing.
Book Review of Counseling Across the Lifespan: Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Barnes Kristin L.
Published: December 2011

Counseling Across the Lifespan: Prevention and Treatment by Cindy L. Juntunen & Donald R. Atkinson (Eds.).
Styles of Counselor Supervision as Perceived by Supervisors and Supervisees
Authors: Hart Gordon M. , Nance Don
Published: December 2011

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the preferences of supervisors and supervisees for 4 styles of counselor supervision and the perceived frequency of use of the 4 styles during a 10‐week supervision experience. The styles are labeled directive teacher, supportive teacher, counselor, and consultant. Data collected using 90 doctoral student supervisors and 168 master's‐degree student supervisees showed significant correlations among the styles. Implications for the process of counselor supervision are offered.
Program Directors' Perceptions of Admission Screening Measures and Indicators of Student Success
Authors: Leverett‐Main Sarah
Published: December 2011

The purpose of the current research was to ascertain program directors' perceptions of the effectiveness of applicant screening measures currently used in counselor education programs accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs and their perceptions of the effectiveness of measures of graduate student success. The personal interview was identified as the most effective screening measure currently used, and practicum/internship performance was considered the most effective measure of graduate student success.
Solutions for Overconfidence: Evaluation of an Instructional Module for Counselor Trainees
Authors: Smith J. David , Agate Jeffrey
Published: December 2011

Overconfidence in clinical judgment is a common problem among counselors that undermines the validity of the counselors' assessments and, by implication, the quality of client services. The authors evaluated an instructional module designed to reduce overconfidence among counselor trainees who completed an assessment task that exposed them to some of the complexities and pitfalls of clinical judgment. Although all counselor trainees were generally overconfident at both pretest and posttest, the module led to reductions in overconfidence only for the trainees who were exposed to it. It is suggested that counseling programs need to teach trainees to reflect critically on their inferential processes to improve the quality of their assessments.
Factors That Influence Self‐Efficacy of Counseling Students: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Tang Mei , Addison Kathleen D. , LaSure‐Bryant Danielle , Norman Rhonda , O'Connell William , Stewart‐Sicking Joseph A.
Published: December 2011

The study examined whether age, prior work experience, number of courses taken, and number of internship hours have a positive relationship with counseling self‐efficacy. Participants were 116 counselor education students. The results from correlation and multivariate analyses of covariance revealed that the length of internship hours and prior related work experience were positively correlated with counseling self‐efficacy. The differences in counseling anxiety, affection adjustment, and assessment found between the students in programs accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) and those in non‐CACREP‐accredited programs disappeared when the background variables were controlled as covariates.
An Investigation of the Use of E‐Mail as a Supplemental Modality for Clinical Supervision
Authors: Clingerman Tamara L. , Bernard Janine M.
Published: December 2011

The authors investigated the use of student‐initiated e‐mail as a supplemental modality for supervision. Nineteen students e‐mailed their instructors weekly during their 15‐week practicum; these e‐mails were analyzed across 3 time periods using the categories of the discrimination model (J. M. Bernard, 1979, 1997) and an adaptation of W. Lanning's (1986) professional behavior category. Although patterns of e‐mails were similar across time, there was a significant decline in the number of e‐mails as the practicum progressed. Significance was found for message focus, with personalization messages and professional behavior/practicum class messages accounting for more than half of the messages across 3 time periods.
Using Markov Chain Analyses in Counselor Education Research
Authors: Duys David K. , Headrick Todd C.
Published: December 2011

This study examined the efficacy of an infrequently used statistical analysis in counselor education research. A Markov chain analysis was used to examine hypothesized differences between students' use of counseling skills in an introductory course. Thirty graduate students participated in the study. Independent raters identified the microskills students used and the effectiveness of participants' counseling sessions. Significant differences were found in the counseling processes of students who were rated as effective and ineffective using a Markov chain analysis. Implications for future research using Markovian analyses in counselor education research are explored.
Use of Simulated Multidisciplinary Treatment Teams and Client Actors to Teach Case Conceptualization and Treatment Planning Skills
Authors: Osborn Cynthia J. , Dean Erin P. , Petruzzi Megan L.
Published: December 2011

The authors describe instructional methods used to teach comprehensive and individualized case conceptualization and treatment planning in a graduate‐level Advanced Counseling Procedures course. Students participate in a theory‐driven, simulated multidisciplinary treatment team and meet with recruited client actors to bring “to life” the process of integrating multiple clinical perspectives into a cohesive service plan for a client. Feedback from students and recommendations for course enhancement are provided.
The Doctoral Portfolio: Centerpiece of a Comprehensive System of Evaluation
Authors: Cobia Debra C. , Carney Jamie S. , Buckhalt Joseph A. , Middleton Renée A. , Shannon David M. , Trippany Robyn , Kunkel Elizabeth
Published: December 2011

The authors describe the process used to revise a traditional doctoral student evaluation system from one that consisted of written comprehensive and final oral examinations to one that features portfolio development. Student competence, expected student outcomes in each competency area, procedures for portfolio development, and documents and procedures for faculty review of the portfolios are described. Recommendations for implementing such a system and implications for counselor education programs are discussed.
The Sexual Orientation Counselor Competency Scale: Assessing Attitudes, Skills, and Knowledge of Counselors Working With Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Clients
Authors: Bidell Markus P.
Published: December 2011

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Sexual Orientation Counselor Competency Scale (SOCCS), an instrument that measures the attitudes, skills, and knowledge of counselors who work with lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. Internal consistency of the SOCCS was .90, and 1‐week test‐retest reliability was .84. Criterion, concurrent, and divergent validity tests established the SOCCS as a psychometrically sound instrument.
Counseling Skills Attainment, Retention, and Transfer as Measured by the Skilled Counseling Scale
Authors: Schaefle Scott , Smaby Marlowe H. , Maddux Cleborne D. , Cates Jennifer
Published: December 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine if counseling students acquire counseling skills and transfer those skills to their work with actual clients. Students' skills were measured by the Skilled Counseling Scale at pretest (before training), Posttest 1 (immediately after training), and Posttest 2 (at the end of a master's‐degree program). Eighteen of 19 skills scores showed significant improvement from pretest to Posttest 1, and 15 of 19 skills scores showed significant improvement from pretest to Posttest 2.
Supervision for Preparation and Practice of School Counselors: Pathways to Excellence
Authors: Dollarhide Colette T. , Miller Gary M.
Published: December 2011

In this article, the importance of clinical supervision for school counselors is examined in terms of prior literature and the school counseling context. Standards relative to supervision are presented, followed by an overview of each article in the special section of the Counselor Education and Supervision journal (Vol. 45, No. 4, June 2006).
Application of the Triad Training Model in a Multicultural Counseling Course
Authors: Seto Atsuko , Young Suzanne , Becker Kent W. , Kiselica Mark S.
Published: December 2011

The authors investigated the effectiveness of the Triad Training Model (P. Pedersen, 1994a, 1994b, 2000a, 2000b) on influencing counselor empathy, intolerance for ambiguity, and multicultural competency by using a quasi‐experimental treatment group comparison design. No significant differences among the triad training group and two comparison groups were found. However, the changes in multicultural competency scores within the treatment group were found to be significant. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology: Where are the Jobs?
Authors: Bernard Janine M.
Published: December 2011

Employment opportunities for persons with doctoral degrees in counselor education and counseling psychology were studied. Over 15 months, 708 positions were identified and analyzed to determine frequency of advertised positions calling for either degree, types of positions, and references to the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) or the American Psychological Association. Additional analyses were conducted for counselor education. Results found the counselor education degree to have a clear identity in the marketplace, especially for faculty positions, whereas the degree in counseling psychology was more often 1 of multiple degrees listed for an advertised position. Implications are discussed, including implications for CACREP‐accredited doctoral programs and needs for future research.
The Reflective Model of Triadic Supervision: Defining an Emerging Modality
Authors: Stinchfield Tracy A. , Hill Nicole R. , Kleist David M.
Published: December 2011

Current Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Eduational Programs (CACREP; 2001) standards promote the use of triadic supervision by counselor educators and supervisors. However, conceptual models of triadic supervision do not presently exist in the supervision literature. This article describes the process and structure of 1 model of triadic supervision (D. M. Kleist & N. R. Hill, 2003). This model provides a vehicle for implementing triadic supervision in response to changes in the CACREP standards and adds to the literature on triadic supervision. Implications for counselor educators and supervisors, as well as future research, are conceptualized.
Advocacy Counseling for Female Survivors of Partner Abuse: Implications for Counselor Education
Authors: Hays Danica G. , Green Eric , Orr Jonathan J. , Flowers Lea
Published: December 2011

This article outlines ways by which counselor educators may prepare counselors and counselor trainees to be advocates for survivors of partner abuse. Advocacy strategies for counselors and counselor trainees working with survivors of partner abuse are provided, integrating the 5 components of collaboration, context, competence, critical consciousness, and community (E. McWhirter, 1998) within an ecological framework.
Teaching Research Integrity in the Field of Counseling
Authors: Wester Kelly L.
Published: December 2011

Little has been done in terms of teaching or writing about research integrity or research ethics in the counseling field. Because of the continual push for research in counseling to maintain evidence‐based practices, there is a need for education in the area of research integrity in order for professionals in the counseling field to conduct responsible research. The Office of Research Integrity's 9 areas of responsible conduct of research and the American Counseling Association's code of ethics on research are presented, along with a discussion of ways to teach ethics and provide resources for research integrity in counselor education.
Remediation and Dismissal Policies in Counselor Education: Lessons Learned from a Challenge in Federal Court
Authors: McAdams Charles R. , Foster Victoria A. , Ward Thomas J.
Published: December 2011

Counselor educators today are faced with a difficult dilemma. They are mandated to dismiss students they judged to be unfit and irremediable, yet they risk legal action whenever executing a student dismissal decision. Their duty to protect the public must be weighed against the liabilities of costly litigation to institutions, programs, and themselves. This article describes 1 counselor education program's decision to dismiss a student and endure a lengthy, although unsuccessful, lawsuit and jury trial in federal court. The strengths and weaknesses of the program's remediation and dismissal protocol are examined as they emerged under court scrutiny.
Personality: A Predictor of Theoretical Orientation of Students Enrolled in a Counseling Theories Course
Authors: Freeman Mark S. , Hayes B. Grant , Kuch Tyson H. , Taub Gordon
Published: December 2011

Selecting a single psychotherapeutic orientation can be a challenge for counselor education students. The authors examined the relationship between counseling theory selection and personality variables of students enrolled in a counseling theories course. A discriminant function analysis was used to identify the personality traits that would determine theoretical orientation choice. No statistically significant results were found. Results indicated that students showed no personality‐based preference of theory. Additionally, no significant differences were found on selected subscales of the Myers—Briggs Type Indicator (I. B. Myers, M. H. McCaulley, N. L. Quenk, & A. L. Hammer, 1998) and the Self‐Directed Search (J. L. Holland, B. A. Fritzsche, & A. B. Powell, 1996; J. L. Holland, A. B. Powell, & B. A. Fritzsche, 1994).