bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etnomatemática e educação escolar
Authors: Ferreira Rogério
Published: January 2021

Esse artigo coloca em foco violências colonialistas desveladas devido à pandemia da COVID 19, tendo como principal contexto analítico a educação em sua configuração escolar. Para sustentar reflexões nesse âmbito, três elementos pertencentes às origens da construção de saberes etnomatemáticos são pautados, a saber: - todo conhecimento é contextual; - matemática é um conjunto de saberes social e culturalmente construído; - tanto o ensino quanto a aprendizagem da matemática podem ser transformados por meio da ressignificação das relações interculturais. Com o aporte dessa tríade, dois complexos de fatores são então desenvolvidos. O primeiro diz respeito a relações existentes entre processos educacionais e ataques de natureza colonialista à diversidade sociocultural. O segundo coloca em evidência contextos educacionais quilombolas, indígenas e campesinos como espaços de luta contra os referidos ataques. Por fim, entrecruzando as reflexões desenvolvidas, o período pandêmico será criticamente refletido a fim de desvelar nexos causais no contexto da violência proveniente de movimentos colonizadores que permanecem presentes em processos educacionais na contemporaneidade.
Indigenous Knowledge and Navigating the Rising Tides of Climate Change and Other Existential Threats
Authors: Lipka Jerry
Published: January 2021

Indigenous people whose way of life remains closely connected to their traditional lands are experiencing additional existential threats to culture and language, now exacerbated by climate change. Yet, Traditional Ecological Knowledge is being recognized as a potential contributor in addressing this crisis. Five case vignettes presented in this paper illustrate the depth of resistance, resilience, and adaptation demonstrated by Indigenous people in the face of previous threats to culture and language. ural Alaska, the Federated States of Micronesia, and the Marshall Islands, the setting of the vignettes.. Though their locations, history, and customs vary, they share an underlying similarity in the urgency expressed for their Traditional Ecological Knowledge and to use it in adaptive ways that lead to sustainability. An outlier case is included, as it illustrates a different strategy that results in novel and accessible steps to combat climate change.
OS NOVOS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS: o caso do Movimento ODS Santa Catarina
Authors: Santos Diego Fiel , Farias Regina May de , Andion Maria Carolina Martinez
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo busca compreender a realidade constitutiva de uma ação coletiva voltada para construção do movimento pelos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) em Santa Catarina. A investigação se apoia no paradigma dos novos movimentos sociais e se propõe a analisar a composição e a identidade coletiva, descrever as ações e objetivos do movimento. É um estudo de caso, desenvolvido a partir da realização de observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas. O Movimento possui como identidade coletiva a ação voltada para o desenvolvimento sustentável, a partir da transformação cultural da sociedade. O alcance de atuação do movimento é considerado positivo, apesar de ainda ser um desafio atingir a plenitude de mudança cultural e do reforço à solidariedade, por meio do envolvimento de organizações e pessoas.
EVIDÊNCIAS DE POLÍTICA NOVO-DESENVOLVIMENTISTA NO GOVERNO LULA (2003-2010): UMA ANÁLISE DO SETOR BANCÁRIO
Authors: Kroth Darlan Christiano
Published: January 2021

Este texto analisa a evolução do setor bancário, em especial do crédito, no Governo Lula (2003 a 2010), e avalia em que medida as políticas econômicas realizadas no setor se aderem ao referencial Novo-Desenvolvimentista. Para tanto, realizaram-se pesquisas bibliográfica e documental sobre literatura novo-desenvolvimentista e sobre economia bancária, acessando relatórios do Banco Central do Brasil e dados de crédito do Sistema de Informações do Banco Central. A análise demonstrou que o Governo Lula representou um ponto de inflexão para o setor, pois os bancos ampliaram significativamente o volume de crédito, se comparado ao histórico do segmento. Como principais fatores que explicam essa evolução, tem-se: a estabilidade macroeconômica, as reformas jurídicas e institucionais e os fatores microeconômicos. Avaliou-se que esses fatores refletiram ações intencionais de política econômica do governo, determinantes para criar um ambiente institucional mais propenso ao crédito. Entre as ações específicas estão: a ampliação do uso dos bancos públicos (BB, CEF e BNDES) por meio de crédito direcionado para atividades econômicas estratégicas, estimulando a competição no setor, medidas macroprudenciais e legais, como regulamentação do crédito consignado, e a lei que possibilita alienação fiduciária para imóveis. Por fim, verificou-se que essas políticas convergem com os preceitos defendidos pelo Novo-Desenvolvimentismo.
As narrativas de jovens estudantes: travessia, acolhimento, simbolismo
Authors: Chaves Iduina Mont´Alverne , Marques Márcio Móri , Silva Gilmar Oliveira
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é o de mostrar como a pesquisa narrativa promove o autoconhecimento e a reflexão em estudantes universitários, favorecendo a construção de um ambiente em que as relações docente-discente se estreitem e capturando os sentidos elaborados por eles ao narrar sua vida estudantil. O estudo está ancorado no paradigma da complexidade, de Edgar Morin, nos estudos antropológicos do imaginário, de Gilbert Durand, Hilmann, nas pesquisas de Christine Delory-Momberger, Bruner, Maria da Conceição Passeggi, Chaves, entre outros. A pesquisa narrativa promove o acolhimento e (des)venda o universo simbólico do alunato, auxiliando o saber sobre si e o estabelecimento de relações interpessoais. A pesquisa narrativa abre a possibilidade do diálogo estreito com a experiência viva, com a formação e o desenvolvimento pessoal, conforme se observa neste texto sobre a escuta sensível que se manifesta nas histórias contadas por três estudantes.
Trabalho docente em escolas rurais: pesquisa e diálogos em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Souza Elizeu Clementino de , Ramos Michael Daian Pacheco
Published: January 2021

Este artigo resulta da pesquisa Trabalho docente em tempos de pandemia e visa compreender os efeitos das medidas de isolamento social sobre o trabalho dos professores da educação do campo. A coleta de dados ocorreu através de questionário autoaplicado on-line e 892 respondentes afirmaram que atuam em escolas rurais. Os resultados apontam que o contexto da pandemia evidencia as desigualdades sociais do país, em particular nos espaços rurais. A pequena experiência dos docentes com o ensino remoto, a ausência de formação, a falta de recursos tecnológicos e a dificuldade em manuseá-los revelam essas desigualdades.
O desafio entre teoria e prática na formação de professores
Authors: Lüdke Menga
Published: January 2021

MOHR, Adriana; WIELEWCKI, Hamilton de G. (Orgs.). Prática como componente curricular:que novidade é essa 15 anos depois? 1. ed. Florianópolis: NUP/CED/UFSC, 2017, 272 pp
Evaluación experimental de esfuerzos usando la correlación de imagen digital
Authors: García-León Ricardo Andrés , Grave-Capistran Mario , Maya-López Juan , Ballesteros-Argüello André
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo se llevó a cabo el uso de herramientas computacionales para predicción de falla en el material PLA (Ácido Poli Láctico) obtenido mediante impresión 3D. Las evaluaciones en piezas en etapa de prototipo suelen tener cambios hasta conseguir un diseño a detalle, estos cambios provienen de ensayos que se realizan para comprobar su funcionamiento. La implementación de simulaciones numéricas y paqueterías de predicción ha revolucionado la forma en que se modifican piezas hasta alcanzar una manufactura óptima para aplicación en diferentes sectores. La técnica de moteado en piezas y empleado el método de correlación de imagen digital (DIC), se ha establecido como solución para inspección en piezas que son sometidas a ensayos de esfuerzos obteniendo buenos resultados. Los desplazamientos analizados en la muestra son verificados en relación al esfuerzo de compresión aplicado obteniendo un máximo de desplazamiento hallado por medio de los patrones en la muestra de hasta 15.0% aplicando una fuerza de 1 N en 15.725 s, se validaron los resultados empleando una paquetería para simulación y análisis de esfuerzos.
Sistema de gestión de energía bajo el paradigma de Industria 4.0
Authors: Chacón-Ramírez Edgar Alfonso , Uribe-Vélez Julián , Ávila-Roa Laura
Published: January 2021

El estándar ISO 50001 para la gestión de la energía es bien conocido en el contexto de las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas, aunque su aplicación no es común. Por otra parte, ha aparecido en esta década un paradigma que es el de Industria 4.0 (I 4.0) donde la gestión eficiente de la energía es uno de los elementos centrales. Ambos conceptos son de gran importancia para la mejora de las PyMEs, pero estas no cuentan con las herramientas que permitan ir incorporando estos conceptos a su entorno. En el trabajo se muestra como se adquieren la información de los tres ejes del modelo Rami 4.0 mediante la incorporación de una herramienta para la gestión de energía que permitirá a los usuarios mejorar la eficiencia energética. Resultados de la aplicación del sistema son mostrados.
Principal-principal conflicts leading to activism of a large government-owned investor in Brazil
Authors: Duarte Bruno Elmôr , Leal Ricardo Pereira Câmara
Published: January 2021

This article analyzes conflicts between principals that led to activism by one large Brazilian government-owned investor as a minority shareholder and verifies the antecedents, means employed, apparent motivations, and effectiveness of its reactions (Goranova & Ryan, 2014). It examines the cases of three large high ownership concentration listed companies using solely public sources. Poor performance was a frequent conflict antecedent. No evident trade-off between activism and corporate governance (CG) practices emerged. High ownership concentration influenced the way the investor reacted and its success because opposition through internal CG mechanisms was usually not successful and led to legal proceedings. The limitations of the regulatory framework became evident from the mixed outcomes of these proceedings. The investor was not exclusively financially motivated and it occasionally opposed the interests of other minority shareholders to follow government policy. These findings illustrated how high ownership concentration rendered difficult the mitigation of principal-principal conflicts even for a large government-owned investor and help explain the failure of previous econometric studies to relate activism, quality of CG practices and performance (Young, Peng, Ahlstrom, Bruton, & Jiang, 2008)
Impact on ovarian reserve after minimally invasive single-port laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy in patients with benign ovarian cysts: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tsiampa Eleni , Spartalis Eleftherios , Tsourouflis Gerasimos , Dimitroulis Dimitrios , Nikiteas Nikolaos
Published: January 2021

Background/Aim: The purpose of this article is to review the published
literature on single-port laparoscopic (SPL) ovarian cystectomy and to
assess whether the reduced port number affects the ovarian reserve in
comparison with the conventional multiport laparoscopic (MPL) ovarian
cystectomy. Materials and methods: Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)
had been proposed as the most accurate marker of ovarian reserve. A
review of the current literature was performed based on the preoperative
and postoperative AMH after SPL and MPL ovarian cystectomy in adult
patients with benign ovarian cysts. Results: Ovarian cystectomy causes a
non-statistically significant reduction in AMH levels four weeks
postoperatively in the SPL group compared to MPL group[MD=0.11, 95%CI
(-0.01, 0.24), p=0.07] . Operative time was significantly longer and
blood loss was significantly higher in SPL group. No difference was
found to major or overall postoperative complications between the two
groups Conclusion: SPL cystectomy recommended as a safe surgical choice
for patients who want to preserve their fertility.
Some advances on essential spectra of one sided operator matrix with application
Authors: Belghith Marwa , Moalla Nedra , Walha Ines
Published: January 2021

This paper deals with a new description of the one sided operator matrix
form, as a generalization of the case of the unbounded operator matrix
with the non diagonal domain, to investigate some advances in the
analysis of some essential spectra under weaker hypotheses then the one
provided in the works of [17, 33]. An example of differential
equations is tested to ensure the validity of the abstract results.
Continuum of one-sign solutions of one-dimensional Minkowski-curvature problem with nonlinear boundary conditions
Authors: Lu Yanqiong , Jing Zhengqi
Published: January 2021

In this work, we investigate the continuum of one-sign solutions of the
nonlinear one-dimensional Minkowski-curvature equation
$$-\big(u’/\sqrt{1-\kappa
u’^2}\big)’=\lambda
f(t,u),\ \ t\in(0,1)$$
with nonlinear boundary conditions $u(0)=\lambda
g_1(u(0)), u(1)=\lambda g_2(u(1))$ by using unilateral
global bifurcation techniques, where
$\kappa>0$ is a constant,
$\lambda>0$ is a parameter
$g_1,g_2:[0,\infty)\to
(0,\infty)$ are continuous functions and
$f:[0,1]\times[-\frac{1}{\sqrt{\kappa}},\frac{1}{\sqrt{\kappa}}]\to\mathbb{R}$
is a continuous function. We prove the existence and multiplicity of
one-sign solutions according to different asymptotic behaviors of
nonlinearity near zero.
Plasticity of rosette size in response to nitrogen availability is controlled by an RCC1-family protein
Authors: Duarte Gustavo , Pandey Prashant , Vaid Neha , Alseekh Saleh , Fernie Alisdair R. , Nikoloski Zoran , Laitinen Roosa
Published: January 2021

Nitrogen (N) is fundamental to plant growth, development, and yield.
Genes underlying N utilization and assimilation are well characterized,
but mechanisms underpinning plasticity of different phenotypes to
varying amounts of N in the soil remain elusive. Here, using
Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, we dissected the genetic
architecture of plasticity in early and late rosette diameter, flowering
time and yield in response to three levels of N in soil. Genome-wide
association analysis identified three significant associations for
phenotypic plasticity, one for early rosette diameter and two for
flowering time. We confirmed that the gene At1g19880, hereafter
named as PLASTICITY OF ROSETTE TO NITROGEN 1 (PROTON1), encoding
for a regulator of chromatin condensation 1 (RCC1) family protein,
conferred plasticity of rosette diameter in response to changes in N
availability. The altered plasticities were a result of faster
development under limiting N, and correlated with the plasticity in the
levels of primary metabolites. By using different growth conditions for
a subset of accessions, we showed that plasticities of growth and
flowering-related traits in response to N availability differed between
the environmental cues, indicating decoupled genetic programs regulating
these traits. Our findings provide a prospective for identification of
genes that stabilize performance under fluctuating environments.
The T- Graft to Control Nasal Length and Nasal Tip Position
Authors: Menger Dirk Jan
Published: January 2021

The T-graft is a new tool in the armament of structural rhinoplasty. The
graft makes it easy to create a well- balanced nasal framework both for
beginners and more experienced rhinoplastic surgeons. Due to its
multifunctional character the T-graft allows the surgeon to control
nasal length as well as nasal tip projection and -rotation. The T-graft
is indicated in many anatomical features like in patients with a short
nose or heavy soft tissue envelope, but also in patients with under
projection of the nasal tip, under- or over-rotation of the nasal tip
and deviations of the caudal nasal septum.
Syncope in Acute Pulmonary Embolism. Importance of Early Recognition of Recurrent Syncope as a Manifestation of Acute Bilateral Pulmonary Embolism.
Authors: Sawalha Khalid , Khan Shoaib , Haung Bryan , Younis Naveed
Published: January 2021

A 43-year-old female patient presented with large bilateral pulmonary
emboli. During patient’s stay, a fleeting episodes of bradycardia and
hypotension with drop in systolic pressure over 40mmHg on slight
movements were noted.Being in a rural hospital, patient was transferred
in which following that she was pronounced dead relating her
presentation.
Presence of hypothyroidism and thyroiditis does not improve the performance of ultrasound screening for thyroid nodules in patients with obesity
Authors: Gimenez-Perez Gabriel , Recasens Assumpta , Chicharro Sandra , Simo Olga , Murillo Jesus , Castells Ignasi
Published: January 2021

Purpose: It has been suggested, on a theoretical basis, that ultrasound
screening of thyroid nodules in obese patients with additional risk
factors (family history, thyroiditis or high thyrotropin) might be
cost-effective for the early detection and treatment of thyroid cancer.
The present study evaluates if this approach can be validated in a real
clinical setting. Methods: Patients with obesity attended in
hospital-based clinics were evaluated for risk factors of thyroid cancer
and ultrasound screened for thyroid nodularity. Detected nodules were
evaluated according to current guidelines. Results: A total of 429
patients were evaluated (70.2% women, mean age 49.1±11.0, mean body
mass index 42.6±5.8 kg/m2). Risk factors were present in 129 (30.1%)
patients. Thyroid nodules with indication for fine needle aspiration
biopsy were detected in 69 (16.1%). We did not find differences in the
risk of harbouring thyroid nodules according to the presence of risk
factors (no risk factors 16.6%, risk factors 14.1%, p = 0.64). No
single risk factor conferred an increased risk for thyroid nodules
During the screening procedure 4 cases of thyroid cancer were detected,
none of them with the evaluated risk factors. Conclusion: The present
study, has been unable to demonstrate that the use of known risk factors
for thyroid cancer is helpful to discriminate obese patients with higher
risk of harbouring thyroid nodules.
Angioma serpiginosum in zosteriform distribution on abdomen: a rare presentation
Authors: Acharya Kamal , Pandey Prajwal , Shah Rajan , Bista Muna , Shrestha Sameer
Published: January 2021

Angioma serpiginosum is a rare benign nevoid disorder affecting the
small vessels of the upper dermis. We are presenting a case of this rare
disease in an 11-year-old girl who presented with this condition on
abdomen in zosteriform pattern which is rare presentation and is the
first of its type.
DIAGNOSTIC CHARTING ON PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY USING DEEP- LEARNING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM
Authors: Başaran Melike , Celik Ozer , Bayrakdar İbrahim , Bilgir Elif , Orhan Kaan , Odabaş Alper , Aslan Ahmet Faruk
Published: January 2021

Aims of the Study: A radiographic examination is a significant part of
the clinical routine for the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of the
disease. Artificial intelligence in dentistry shows that the deep
learning technique high enough quality and effective to diagnose and
interpret the images in the dental practice. For this purpose, it is
aimed to evaluate diagnostic charting on panoramic radiography using a
deep-learning AI system in this study. Methods: 1084 anonymized dental
panoramic radiographs were labeled for 10 different dental situations
including crown, pontic, root-canal treated tooth, implant,
implant-supported crown, impacted tooth, residual root, filling, caries,
and dental calculus. AI Model (Craniocatch, Eskişehir, Turkey) based on
a deep CNN method was proposed. A Faster R-CNN Inception v2 (COCO) model
implemented with Tensorflow library was used for model development. The
training and validation data sets were used to predict and generate
optimal CNN algorithm weight factors. Results: The proposed artificial
intelligence model has promising results for detecting dental conditions
in panoramic radiographs except for caries and dental calculus. The most
successful F1 Scores were obtained from the implant, crown, and
implant-supported crown as 0,9433, 0,9122, 0,8947, respectively.
Conclusion: Thanks to the improvement of the success rate of AI models
in all areas of dentistry radiology, it is predicted that they will help
physicians especially in panoramic diagnosis and treatment planning, as
well as digital-based student education, especially in this pandemic
period when online training is on our agenda.
Successful catheter ablation of postoperative atrial tachycardia with conduction disturbances: assessment by late-gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging and high-resolution electro-anatomical mapping
Authors: Nakasone Kazutaka , kiuchi kunihiko , Takami Mitsuru , Izawa Yu , Fukuzawa Koji , Hirata Ken-ichi
Published: January 2021

Atrial tachycardia (AT) in the right atrium often occurs following
open-heart surgery. Catheter ablation for these AT is challenging and
can lead to unintended conduction block. We performed late-gadolinium
enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) prior to catheter
ablation and predicted wavefront propagation during SR as well as the
slow conduction zone during tachycardia. LGE-MRI may assist predicting
the conduction disturbance and reducing the risk of unexpected sinus
exit block.
The influence of morphology and crystal orientation of spangles on hot-dip Zn-0.5Sn alloy coating
Authors: Zhai L. , Peng H , Liu Y. , Lei Y. , Deng S. , Su X.-P.
Published: January 2021

The study on the surface morphology and crystal orientation of the Zn-0.5Sn coating could offer some guidance to improve the surface performance of the hot-dip galvanizing coating. In this paper, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were used to analyze the typical morphology and the element distribution of spangles. The surface texture of the coating was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was used to analyze the crystal orientation of spangles. The results show that Sn segregates among the spangle dendrites while a metastable divorced eutectic structure can be maintained in the tin-rich phase, where the composition tends to be very similar. The crystal orientation of spangles affects their morphology, leading to the formation of feathery, ridged, and orthogonal dendrite arm spangles. When the angle among the <0001> orientation of the spangle crystal and the normal of the steel base surface changes from 0? to 90?, feathery spangles change to orthogonal dendrite arms spangles. The misorientation within a spangle is small while that among spangles is quite large. The orientation changes in the direction of the dendrite arm are relatively smooth and low, while the orientation changes which are perpendicular to the dendrite arm have a saltatory and irregular fluctuation.
Preparation of NiCr/YSZ two-layered burn-resistant coating on γ-TiAl alloys based on plasma surface metallurgy and ion plating methods
Authors: Wei D.-B. , Li M.-F. , Zhou X. , Li F.-K. , Li S.-Q. , Zhang P.-Z.
Published: January 2021

The NiCr/YSZ coating was fabricated on ?-TiAl alloy by double glow plasma surface metallurgy technology and multi-arc ion plating technology. The microstructure, microhardness, bonding strength, and burn resistance of NiCr/YSZ coating were studied in detail. The results showed that the NiCr/YSZ coating was dense and homogeneous, including a duplex structure of top YSZ ceramic coating and underlying Ni-Cr bond coating. The average microhardness of NiCr/YSZ coating was raised by a factor of about 2 compared to the ?-TiAl substrate. The thermal shock test indicated that the composite structure had superior bonding strength and the defects such as metal droplets on the ceramic coating were the source of cracks. The high-energy laser beam destroyed the surface of ?-TiAl alloy, forming protruding combustion products in ablation zone and splashing residues around ablation zone. When coated by NiCr/YSZ coating, the combustion process was delayed through isolating and dissipating heat. The ablation range was controlled and the ablation damage was reduced at the same irradiation power. The NiCr/YSZ coating preliminarily realized to improve the burn resistance of ?- TiAl alloy.
The poet speaks to god: Christian religiosity in modern Serbian poetry
Authors: Petrovic Predrag
Published: January 2021

During the twentieth century Serbian poetry was in intensive dialogue with
Christian religion, motives and symbols. In the first half of the century,
the inspiration to the Christian religion is evident in the poetry of Jovan
Ducic and Momcilo Nastasijevic. In the poetry of Momcilo Nastasijevic there
are frequent motives from The Book of Revelation and the reference to
Christian ethics. Jovan Ducic in the book Lirika (1943) gives a tragic and
sublime vision of life, taking on numerous Christian motives. The renewal of
the prayer tone in poetry after World War II will appear in Desanka
Maksimovic?s collection Trazim pomilovanje (1964). The culmination of
Christian religiosity in Serbian literature of the last century is found in
the book Cetiri kanona (1996) by Ivan V. Lalic, in which the figure of the
Virgin Mary is especially emphasized.
A Journey in Diabetes: From Clinical Physiology to Novel Therapeutics: The 2020 Banting Medal for Scientific Achievement Lecture
Authors: Ferrannini Ele
Published: January 2021

Insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction are the core pathophysiological mechanisms of all hyperglycemic syndromes. Advances in in vivo investigative techniques have made it possible to quantify insulin resistance in multiple sites (skeletal and myocardial muscle, subcutaneous and visceral fat depots, liver, kidney, vascular tissues, brain and intestine), to clarify its consequences for tissue substrate selection, and to establish its relation to tissue perfusion. Physiological modeling of β-cell function has provided a uniform tool to measure β-cell glucose sensitivity and potentiation in response to a variety of secretory stimuli, thereby allowing us to establish feedbacks with insulin resistance, to delineate the biphasic time course of conversion to diabetes, to gauge incretin effects, and to identify primary insulin hypersecretion. As insulin resistance also characterizes several of the comorbidities of diabetes (e.g., obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia), with shared genetic and acquired influences, the concept is put forward that diabetes is a systemic disease from the outset, actually from the prediabetic stage. In fact, early multifactorial therapy, particularly with newer antihyperglycemic agents, has shown that the burden of micro- and macrovascular complications can be favorably modified despite the rising pressure imposed by protracted obesity.
Yer Fıstığı Kabuğundan Yanmaz, Su Tutmaz Polimerik Kompozit Yonga Levha Üretimi
Authors: KARABULUT Ahmet
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada Osmaniye bölgesi için önemli bir gelir kaynağı olan yer fıstığının katma değerinin artırılması amaçlanmıştır. Kabuk yan ürününü değerlendirmek için farklı tip ve oranlarda katkılama ile oluşturulan matris yapı sayesinde yanmazlık ve su iticilik gibi üstün özelliklere sahip polimerik kompozit yonga levha üretilmiştir. Üretilen kompozitin LOI değeri (limit oksijen indeksi) 30, mekanik dayanımı 2065 kPa ve malzemenin su tutma kapasitesi 0,20 (m/m) olarak belirlenmiştir.
Hvorfor så ambivalent? USAs politikk overfor EUs forsvarsambisjoner
Authors: Knutsen Bjørn Olav , Tvetbråten Kari
Published: January 2021

Artikkelen diskuterer forholdet mellom den europeiske integrasjonsprosessen og det atlantiske samarbeidet under USAs ledelse. Problemstillingen artikkelen besvarer er hvilke tilnærminger Trump-administrasjonen har hatt til EUs sikkerhets- og forsvarspolitikk, og hvordan vi kan forklare denne tilnærmingen. I særlig grad dreier dette seg om balansegangen mellom europeisk strategisk autonomi på den ene siden, og amerikansk lederskap i Nato på den andre. Dette forholdet må forstås i lys av spørsmålet om lederskap i euroatlantisk sikkerhetspolitikk, noe som har vært et gjennomgangstema i europeisk integrasjon siden starten på 1950-tallet. Med en organisasjonsteoretisk tilnærming søker artikkelen å forklare hvorfor USA inntar et mer instrumentelt perspektiv overfor EU. Et slikt perspektiv innebærer at USA prioriterer ressurser til de områdene i verden der USA står overfor de største sikkerhetspolitiske utfordringene. For å forklare denne utviklingen diskuterer artikkelen USAs holdninger til EUs nyere forsvarsinitiativer og supermaktens ambivalens i forhold til disse. I møte med den nye Biden-administrasjonen blir det derfor viktig å avklare grunnlaget for det transatlantiske sikkerhetsfellesskapet. Et slikt fellesskap dreier seg ikke bare om felles interesser, men også om delte normer og verdier om hvordan en skal håndtere felles sikkerhetsutfordringer.
Abstract in English:Why So Ambivalent? US Policies Towards the EU’s Defence AmbitionsThe article discusses the relationship between the European integration process and Atlantic cooperation under US leadership. The research question the article answers is what kind of approaches the Trump Administration has had towards the EU’s security and defence policies and how we can explain these approaches. More precisely, the article discusses the balances between European strategic autonomy on the one hand and American leadership in NATO on the other. This has all to do with the question of leadership in Euro-Atlantic security politics, which has been an enduring question ever since the European integrations process was initiated during the 1950’s. By utilising an organisation theoretical approach, the article seeks to explain why the US approaches the EU from an instrumental point of view. Such a perspective implies that the US priorities resources to those areas in the world where the US faces its greatest challenges. To explain this development the article discusses the US’ attitudes towards the EU’s defence package and the superpower’s ambivalence towards it. When assessing the new Biden Administration, it therefore becomes important to explain the foundation for the transatlantic security community. Such a community is not about common interests only, but also about shared norms and values on how to handle common security challenges.
Obstetric Cholestasis: A Review and Update
Authors: Adaramodu Olawumi , Venyo Anthony Kodzo-Grey
Published: January 2021

Obstetric cholestasis (OC) is a liver disorder that occurs in the late second and early third trimester of pregnancy characterized by pruritus with increased serum bile acids and other liver function tests. The pathophysiology of OC is still not completely understood. The symptoms and biochemical abnormality rapidly resolve after delivery. OC is associated with an increased risk of adverse obstetrical outcomes. The aetiology of obstetric cholestasis of pregnancy is poorly understood and is thought to be complicated and multifactorial.  OC typically occurs in the late second trimester when the oestrogen levels are the highest in pregnancy. The most common complaint is generalized intense pruritus, which usually starts after the 30th week of pregnancy. Pruritus can be more common in the palms and soles and is typically worse at night. Other symptoms of cholestasis, such as nausea, anorexia, fatigue, right upper quadrant pain, dark urine, and pale stool, can be present. Clinical jaundice is rare but may present in 14% to 25% of patients after 1 to 4 weeks of the onset of pruritus. Some patients also complain of insomnia as a result of pruritus. Generally, physical examination is unremarkable except for scratch marks on the skin from pruritus. Pruritus is a cardinal symptom of intra-hepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and may precede biochemical abnormalities. The diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is via the presence of clinical symptoms pruritus in the third trimester with elevated maternal total serum bile acids and excluding other diagnoses, which can cause similar symptoms and lab abnormalities. Fasting blood samples should be used to check for the total bile salt acid level as it can become elevated in the postprandial state.

Once the diagnosis of OC of pregnancy is confirmed, immediate treatment is necessary, and the primary goal of therapy is to decrease the risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality and to alleviate maternal symptoms. Maternal pruritus can be alleviated with use of moisturisers and oral antihistamines. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the drug of choice for the treatment of ICP.

Many authors have advocated elective early delivery of women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy to reduce the risk of sudden foetal death. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists recommends induction of labour after 37+0 weeks of gestation. Obstetric cholestasis of pregnancy is not an indication for Caesarean delivery. Postpartum pruritus typically disappears in the first 2 to 3 days following delivery, and serum bile acid concentrations will normalize eventually. ICP is not a contraindication to breastfeeding, and mothers with a history of ICP in pregnancy can breastfeed their infants. Postpartum monitoring and follow up of bile acids and liver function tests should be done in 4-6 weeks to ensure resolution. Women with the persistent abnormality of liver function test after 6 to 8 weeks require investigation for other aetiologies.
Association of Upper Lip Coverage with Gingival Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Sharma Rajinder Kumar , Tewari Shikha , Tanwar Nishi
Published: January 2021

Objective: As dryness is reported to be associated with inflammatory conditions in different body parts, incomplete coverage by upper lip may be responsible for gingival inflammation. The objective of the study was to assess status of gingival inflammation with reference to upper lip coverage.

Materials and methods: Patients with plaque-induced gingivitis consisting of 38 individuals with incomplete upper lip coverage (ILC) and 38 individuals with complete upper lip coverage (CLC) were enrolled. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded in whole dentition excluding third molars. Bleeding/plaque ratio was also calculated for different regions of dentition. Logistic regression analysis was applied to examine association between BOP at labial sites of maxillary anterior teeth and upper lip coverage.

Results: Significantly higher PI, GI, BOP scores and BOP/plaque ratio were noted at labial sites of maxillary anterior teeth in ILC group as compared to CLC group (p=.001, p=.011, p=.004 and p=.016 respectively). Significantly higher scores of BOP were found at labial sites than palatal sites of ILC group (p=.003). Regression analysis revealed that maxillary anterior labial sites in ILC group were 1.51 times more likely of having BOP (adjusted odds ratio 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13-2.03, p=.006).

Conclusion: Incomplete upper lip coverage of maxillary gingiva is associated with higher periodontal inflammatory parameters at labial sites of maxillary anterior teeth.
Research on Tensor-Based Cooperative and Competitive in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Araya Tsega Weldu , Ibn Nawab Md Rashed , Yuan Ling A. P.
Published: January 2021

As technology overgrows, the assortment of information and the density of work becomes demanding to manage. To resolve the density of employment and human labor, machine-learning (ML) technology developed. Reinforcement learning (RL) is the recent advancement of ML studies. Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is useful to train multiple agents in the surrounding environment. The previous research studies focused on two-agent cooperation. Their data representation was held in a two-dimensional array, which is called a matrix. The limitation of this two-dimensional array appears as the training data of agents increases. The growth in the training data of agents creates storage drawbacks and data redundancy. Our first aim in this research is to improve an algorithm that can represent MARL training in tensor. In MARL, multiple agents are work together to achieve joint work. To share the training records and data of numerous agents, we need to collect the previous cumulative experience of agents in tensor.

Secondly, we will discover the agent's cooperation and competition, with local and global goals of agents in MARL. Local goals are the cooperation of agents in a group or team where we use the training model as a student and teacher agent. The global goal is the competition between two contrary teams to acquire the reward. All learning agents have their Q table for storing the individual agent's training data in an environment. The growth in the number of learning agents, their training experience in Q tables, and the requirement for representing multiple data become the most challenging issue. We introduce tensor to store various data to resolve the challenges for data representation in multiple agent associations. Tensor is expressed as the three-dimensional array, although it is an N-way array, which is useful for representing and accessing numerous data.

Finally, we will implement an algorithm for learning three cooperative agents against the opposed team using a tensor-based framework in the Q learning algorithm. We will provide an algorithm that can store the training records and data of multiple agents. Tensor advances to get a small storage size than the matrix for the training records of agents. Although three agent cooperation benefits to having maximum optimal reward.
Characterization of Egyptian Cotton Fiber Quality Using CCS
Authors: Shalaby Mona El-Sayed , Ebaido Ibrahim Ahmed , Abd-El-Rahman Yasser Shokry
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the current study is to characterize Egyptian cotton using HVI and CCS measurements. The present investigation was carried out at two different locations: The Global Center for Cotton Testing Research in International Cotton Association (ICA) using HVI instrument in Germany and Egyptian and International Cotton Classification Center (EICCC), Cotton Research Institute (CRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC) using CCS instrument in Egypt. Samples are sourced from standardized preparation stages to obtain more homogeneity. All samples were collected from 2018 and 2019 cotton growing seasons. The studied cotton fiber properties: upper half mean (UHM), uniformity index (UI %), short fiber index (SFI %), strength (FS) and elongation (E %) and micronaire reading (Mike) and maturity ratio (MR). The studied cotton varieties include long staple cotton varieties i.e., Giza 86 and Giza 95 and extra-long staple cotton varieties i.e., Giza 92 and Giza 93, in terms of basic Egyptian cotton grade Good (G). The results of HVI and CCS measurements were detected by using descriptive statistics such as measures of central tendency and dispersion, skewness, and kurtosis. The CCS measurements were more stable than HVI measurements. Confidence intervals of CCS measurements were close to each other compared to HVI measurements. For instance, in Giza 92, confidence interval of UHM was 32.00-32.32for HVI and 32.50-32.55for CCS, adding to confidence intervals for FS were 45.19-46.83for HVI and 46.99-47.17 for CCS. Meanwhile, confidence intervals for Mike were 3.04–3.21 for HVI and 3.12–3.14 for CCS. Basically, sample sizes of CCS were larger more than sample sizes of HVI so that results of CCS measurements were more homogenous than HVI measurements. Applying reliability analysis for consistent results in CCS and HVI measurements elaborated Cronbach's value were more efficient than using Cronbach's value if item deleted for both CCS and HVI. Cronbach's value of CCS measurements was more than HVI measurements and that due to the homogeneity of CCS samples compared to HVI samples.
Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Evaluation of Non-Meat Ingredients Chicken Sausage
Authors: Pagthinathan M. , Gunasekara A.P. A. S.
Published: January 2021

Non-meat ingredients are used to impart flavor, slow bacterial growth, and increase the yield of the sausage production. To study the quality of chicken sausage incorporated with non-meat ingredients namely, soy protein powder, non-fat milk powder and potato starch at the rate of 2% (w/w) concentration. Sausage samples were analyzed for physical, nutritional, and sensory properties during refrigerated storage at -4 ℃. The nutritional, physical and sensory characteristics were analyzed, at day 1, week 1, week 2 and week 3 of storage. Moisture, ash, dry matter, fat, pH, texture, and color were significantly difference (p<0.05) among the treatments at day one. During storage the ash, pH content and dry matter content were significantly (p<0.05) increased, and fat content and moisture content was significantly (p<0.05) decreased storage period. At week one, the higher hardness value showed in soy protein powder incorporated chicken sausage and least value showed in without added non-meat ingredient (control) sausage. As results of organoleptic characteristics revealed that, 2% of potato starch incorporated chicken sausage had the highest mean score of overall quality of all sensorial properties namely, color, taste, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability.
Comparative Analysis of the Physicochemical Characteristics, Phytochemical Components and Fatty Acid Profile of Avocado Pear (Persea Americana L) Pulp and Seed Oil
Authors: Akusu O. M. , Obinna-Echem P. C. , Opurum P. C. C= , Chibor B. S.
Published: January 2021

The physiochemical properties, phytochemical content, and fatty acid profile of Avocado pear (Persea americana) pulp and seeds oils were investigated. The pulp oil was extracted using the hot water flotation method while the seed oil was extracted by the soxhlet extraction method. Extracted oils were analyzed. The pulp oil was emerald green while the seed oil was brownish red in colour. Pulp oil has significantly higher blue (27B) on Lovibond scale. The oil yield, smoke point and flash point of the pulp oil were 28.26%, 171.00 °C and 201.67 °C respectively. Which were higher than 13.64%, 100.00 and 130.66 °C seen in the seed oil. Iodine value, FFA, peroxide value and saponification value of the pulp oil were respectively 50.70 g/100 g, 0.53%, 1.10 mEq/kg and 218.66 mgKOH/g while those of the seed oil were 40.68 g/100 g, 2.85%, 2.16 mEq/kg and 198.31 mgKOH/g respectively. Saponins, alkaloid, phenol, tannin, and oxalate content of the seed oil were significantly higher than those of the pulp oil, with respective values of 12.23, 1.06, 5.06, 3.05 and 10.07 mg/100 g. Flavonoid was however higher in the pulp oil, at 6.20 mg/100 g. avocado pulp oil contained 43.23% oleic acid, 19.78% linoleic acid. It contains only 35.31% total saturated fatty acids. The seed oil was shown to contain 55% palmitic acid, as the predominant saturated fatty acid and contained a total of 69% saturated fatty acids. It is recommended that avocado seed oil be refined before use for culinary purposes.
New Evidences which Support Existence of the Forced Heat Exchange Phenomenon
Authors: Kobasko Nikolai I.
Published: January 2021

In the paper the forced heat exchange phenomenon is validated based on experimental data shown by different authors in different countries and published in respected scientific journals. Software IQLab and regular thermal condition theory were used for solving inverse problems. The data of silver and copper spherical probes quenching in electrolytes were used. As in previous publication, it was established in the paper that heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) increase versus time during quenching of silver and copper probes in electrolytes. As noted early, all of this contradicts the theory of transient nucleate boiling processes. The problem is solved by periodical replacement of film boiling by shock boiling with the high frequency that takes place during quenching. The new idea can be used in practice for designing new and original quenching technology to save materials, increase service life of machine components and also provide an environmentally friendly solution. The importance of new technologies is widely discussed in the paper.
Tactical Communications between Military Vehicles
Authors: Ferreira André , Torres João , Martins Maria , Baptista Antonio
Published: January 2021

The increasing evolution and development of telecommunications as well as the need for wider bandwidths to comply with the users’ needs, has led to the development of the so-called free space optical communications. The advantages of optical communications in comparison to radio frequency communications draw interest for certain military applications.

This paper describes the simulation, development and implementation of an optical communication system which integrates the various functional blocks of the optical emitter and the optical receiver and presents some theoretical considerations about the specific characteristics of the propagation of the optical signals in free space. The implementation of this system in military vehicles to allow wider bandwidth in military communications, as well as to function as an alternative system to the used systems, is one of the objectives of this dissertation.

For this purpose, two circuits (emitter and receiver) were projected and designed including the design of printed circuit boards (PCB) and performed some simulations of the optical part of the complete system and the electronic simulation of some parts of the electronic circuits.
Política e educação sob o olhar de Paulo Freire
Authors: Lima Paulo Gomes
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo discute a perspectiva do pensamento de Paulo Freire quanto às políticas educacionais como uma possibilidade da sociedade democrática na constituição de uma escola que cumpre o seu papel na educação do povo e com o povo. A política educacional em Paulo Freire propõe o despertamento da consciência ingênua e a apropriação da e para a consciência crítica por meio do chamamento dos atores sociais no enfrentamento à opressão do homem, a redução do direito e o menosprezo à justiça social. Tais encaminhamentos são condições para a existência de uma escola democrática e da justiça social como manifestação efetiva no enfrentamento a qualquer tipo de perversidade que desqualifica e coisifica o homem como autômato.
currículo da educação infantil e sua relação com o marco referencial da rede municipal de ensino de Sorocaba/SP, sob a ótica freireana
Authors: Bravo Daniela Gaete Sewaybricker , Nunes Fabiana Boschetti , Torres Juliana Rezende
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo buscar aproximações e distanciamentos entre os documentos oficiais da esfera federal sobre educação infantil com o Marco Referencial da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Sorocaba, tendo como aporte teórico a concepção de currículo sob a ótica freireana. Consideramos as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais da Educação Infantil como o principal documento de análise, uma vez que compreendemos que é neste documento que a concepção de currículo se apresenta de forma explícita. Iniciamos apresentando e contextualizando o Marco Referencial do município de Sorocaba, do ano de 2017. Abordaremos brevemente a concepção de currículo crítico, a concepção de currículo em Freire e alguns pressupostos da sua Educação Libertadora. Em seguida, abordaremos qual a concepção curricular presente nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais da Educação Infantil. E finalmente articularemos as concepções curriculares presentes no documento, que orientam a Educação Infantil, com trechos e concepções presentes no Marco Referencial de Sorocaba.