bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O simbolismo cromático da cor preta no design das capas de discos da Tropicália
Authors: Teixeira Cláudio de Sousa , Dos Anjos Maycon Gustavo Costa
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o uso simbólico do preto e seu discurso representativo através das capas de discos da Tropicália, produzida no ano de 1968, no Brasil. Partindo do pressuposto de que a década de 1960, em termos cromáticos, não se caracterizou apenas pela influência da profusão de cores impulsionada pela eclosão dos movimentos psicodélicos e da Pop Art nos EUA, percebe-se então o uso do preto sob uma nova inflexão simbólica através de movimentos alternativos (artísticos e culturais) durante o século XX. De tal modo, essa função que se impôs como uma representação identitária constatada no invólucro desses álbuns (aqui observados através da análise semiótica) e amparada por uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, não se encontra apenas no campo do elegante e do moderno, mas sim como simbolismo de negação, tendo em vista os signos apresentados e reverenciados por um sentido diferente do que era utilizado em outras épocas, ao mesmo tempo em que se apresentava como oposição perante as cores nacionais utilizadas. O design gráfico tropicalista, em 1968, provocou um impacto visual subjetivamente reflexivo e conceitual, proporcionado por um hibridismo semiótico que reflete um movimento estético, principalmente através de suas cores, elementos de grande ênfase em suas capas. Contudo, percebe-se que não só o fenômeno percebido como profusão de cores merece atenção por parte da comunidade científica, mas também a função do preto, a qual esta pesquisa se dedica, a fim de entender o simbolismo e a influência cultural das convenções sociais perante o uso da cor.
“Como vai você?”: projeto de aplicativo para o Centro De Valorização Da Vida
Authors: Rodrigues Hellen de Aguiar , Estol Cardoso Cilene
Published: December 2020

Este artigo é parte integrante de um Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso intitulado: “Como vai você?”: Projeto de Aplicativo para o Centro de Valorização da Vida”, defendido e aprovado em julho de 2019 no Centro de Artes. O trabalho teve por intuito projetar um aplicativo para o Centro de Valorização da Vida, CVV, uma associação civil sem fins lucrativos que oferece apoio emocional e prevenção ao suicídio a todos que necessitarem. Para isto, buscou-se um referencial teórico onde se contextualizou saúde mental e depressão. Além disto, procurou-se entender sobre as tecnologias de aplicativos móveis, como a mHealth, e aplicativos voltados para saúde mental. O projeto prático teve como base as etapas metodológicas de Jesse James Garrett (2011), voltado à experiência do usuário.
The Kazan Gospel of the 14th Century in the Circle of Genetically Close Lectionaries
Authors: Nikolaeva Nataliya , Yermoshin Anton , Kuzovenkova Anna
Published: December 2020

This article summarizes the earlier research aimed to determine the scope of closely related lectionaries for the Kazan Gospel of the 14 th century. For this purpose, the methodology of linguistic, textual, and structural markers selection was applied. At the first stage, a comparison was made on a number of similar manuscripts regarding the most striking deviations from the standard text invariant in the Kazan Gospel (that is, language markers, which are errors, typos, text gaps and inserts, rare lexical variations, grammatical nuances, etc.). Then we compared more voluminous text fragments representing selected readings of the annual circle of varying degrees of significance (textual markers). Based on these comparisons, a group of textually similar manuscripts was studied from the point of view of their lectionary structure (according to structural markers). As a result, the hypothesis about the affinity of the Kazan manuscript with the full lectionaries of the State Historical Museum collection (the Synodal collection, no. 65), and of the Russian National Library collection (the Pogodins collection, no. 17), was confirmed. This result helped to determine more accurately the place of creation of the Kazan Gospel (probably Kirillo-Belozersky monastery), as well as to analyze the reasons for the discrepancies between the three manuscripts. The data obtained made it possible to single out a group of manuscripts belonging to one tradition within the framework of textology of Slavic lectionaries of the Mstislav type, which may be useful for their further research.
Prevalence of hot flashes in women of 40 to 65 years of age with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Saú Helena Proni Fonseca , Schmitt Ana Carolina Basso , Cardoso Maria Regina Alves , Aldrighi José Mendes
Published: December 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Hot flashes have a negative impact on the quality of life of women during the menopausal transition and thereafter. The progressive reduction in gonadal estrogen levels associated with aging promotes an accumulation of abdominal fat, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension, all of which are components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of hot flashes and evaluate their relationship with MetS in women ≥ 40 years of age. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving women aged between 40 and 65 years. We used the Kupperman index to quantify the climacteric symptoms and the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for the diagnosis of MetS. RESULTS: 1,435 women were initially selected, and we obtained information from 647. The mean age at menopause was 45.99 years (SD 6.61 years) and the prevalence of hot flashes and MetS were 55.83% (95% CI: 52.35-59.25%) and 46.29% (95% CI: 44.75-52.53%), respectively. We identified a positive association between MetS and hot flashes (OR 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01-1.33). CONCLUSIONS: In women ≥ 40 years of age, hot flashes are highly prevalent and appear to be associated with MetS.
Protective effect of dexmedetomidine on perioperative myocardial injury in patients with Stanford type-A aortic dissection
Authors: Wang Dalong , Lin Quan , Du Meiqing , Zheng Guanrong , Xu Weimin , Zhang Haishan , Liu Ke
Published: December 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on perioperative myocardial injury in patients with Stanford type-A aortic dissection (AD). METHODS: Eighty-six patients with Stanford type-A AD were randomly divided into Dex and control groups, with 43 cases in each group. During the surgery, the control group received the routine anesthesia, and the Dex group received Dex treatment based on routine anesthesia. The heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded before Dex loading (t0), 10 min after Dex loading (t1), at the skin incision (t2), sternum sawing (t3), before cardiopulmonary bypass (t4), at the extubation (t5), and at end of surgery (t6). The blood indexes were determined before anesthesia induction (T0) and postoperatively after 12h (T1), 24h (T2), 48h (T3), and 72h (T4). RESULTS: At t2 and t3, the HR and MAP in the Dex group were lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, in the Dex group at T1, T2, and T3, the serum creatine kinase-MB, cardiac troponin-I, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were decreased, and the interleukin-10 level, the serum total superoxide dismutase, and total anti-oxidant capability increased, while the myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde levels decreased (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Dex treatment may alleviate perioperative myocardial injury in patients with Stanford type-A AD by resisting inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
Computer simulation of the technology for AK4-1 alloy die forging production for an internal combustion engine piston
Authors: Konstantinov I. L. , Potapov P. G. , Sidelnikov S. B. , Voroshilov D. S. , Gorokhov Yu. V. , Katryuk V. P.
Published: December 2020

The process of hot die forging of AK4-1 aluminum alloy billets for the piston of an internal combustion engine (ICE) for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was simulated using the Deform-3D software package. The object of research was an ICE piston mounted on one of the UAV types of Russian production. Simulation was performed using the following parameters: tooling and billet temperature was 450 °C, ambient temperature was 20 °C, punch speed was 5 mm/s, and Siebel friction index was 0.4. Rigid plastic medium was chosen as a material model. The number of elements (6000) was selected so that at least 3 elements fit in the narrowest section of the part. Thus, as illustrated by the piston die forging, computer simulation in the Deform-3D software makes it possible to develop hot die forging processes for making aluminum alloy billets for UAV ICE pistons. At the same time, computer simulation can be used to evaluate the power parameters of the hot die forging process, study the nature of billet forming in die forging, make necessary adjustments to the virtual process, and develop the design of a die forging tool in order to select the most effective process solutions when designing a real process. The described computer simulation technique can be extended to other aluminum alloy die forgings.
β-Ti-based alloys for medical applications
Authors: Straumal B. B. , Gornakova A. S. , Kilmametov A. R. , Rabkin E. , Anisimova N. Yu. , Kiselevsky M. V.
Published: December 2020

Titanium alloys have been used for medical purposes for over 60 years. They are used in the manufacture of artificial heart valves, stents of blood vessels, endoprostheses of bones and joints (shoulder, knee, hip, elbow), for auricle reconstruction, in facial surgery, and also as dental implants. In first-generation materials (such as commercially pure titanium or VT6 alloys), the matrix consisted of the α-Ti phase or α-Ti and β-Ti mixture. Unfortunately, implants made of first-generation materials require replacement after 10–15 years of usage. This is due to the degradation of implants and loss of contact with the bone. Recently, these materials have been replaced by β-Ti alloys. These second- generation materials make it possible to exclude the harmful effect of aluminum and vanadium ions released during the gradual implant corrosion, and their elastic modulus is closer to the values for living bone than those for α and α+β alloys. Important areas in the development of β-Ti alloys include increasing their mechanical strength, fatigue strength, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. New methods for the production and thermo-mechanical processing of titanium alloys arise and develop such as additive technologies or severe plastic deformation. Expensive alloying elements (such as tantalum, zirconium or niobium) are quite successfully replaced with cheaper ones (for example, chromium and manganese). As a result, the properties of titanium implants are gradually getting closer to that of the human bone, and their service life is steadily increasing. Therefore, this paper describes a comparative analysis conducted in relation to β-titanium-based alloys for medical applications.
Counteracting Domestic Violence: New Experience from the UK
Authors: Golovanova Natalya
Published: December 2020

The author studies the experience of England and Wales on counteracting domestic violence. The article analyzes how the attitude of the society and the state to this phenomenon has changed, and, instead of being viewed as a commonplace event, it is now recognized as a serious gender violence crime and violation of human rights. Such recognition is based on the position of the UNO expressed in the Istanbul Convention of 2011; joining this Convention made it necessary for the British government to develop a new statute. This Act includes the legislative definition of domestic abuse (this term is an extension of the concept of «domestic violence» introduced at the government level), the introduction of the extraterritorial jurisdiction, more clearly defined methods of victim protection, a provision for a Domestic Abuse Commissioner, etc. The article outlines the path of the UK to the new legislative vision, starting with the development of inter-agency programs and pilot projects of victim assistance and ending with the adoption of legislative acts that criminalize different forms of domestic violence, including forced marriage, «honor» crimes and female genital mutilation. Special attention is paid to a new gender neutral crime - controlling behavior, whose introduction is viewed as unprecedented and controversial. Unlawful control is viewed as actions aimed at suppressing another person, their isolation from people close to them, and depriving them of means necessary for independence, resistance or escape. Coercion, in its turn, is an action or a model of behavior (attack, threat, humiliation, etc.) aimed at inflicting harm, at punishing or terrifying a victim. The author believes that studying British experience of developing inter-agency programs of victim support, including a program that provides information of the criminal past of an intimate partner, and the consistent criminalization of all forms of domestic abuse (even those not connected with physical violence) presents certain interest for Russian lawyers and researchers, and deserves their close attention.
Pérdida de cobertura vegetal en el distrito de Morales, San Martin, Perú (periodo 1987 – 2017)
Authors: CARRANZA GALLARDO JHERSON , TASILLA MONTALVAN FLOR ESMERALDA
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la pérdida de cobertura vegetal del distrito de Morales (San Martín – Perú) en el periodo 1987 – 2017. El método empleado consistió en el análisis multitemporal de imágenes satelitales, mediante la técnica de clasificación supervisada con el Software ArcGIS. Los periodos estudiados fueron 1987-1997, 1997- 2007 y 2007-2017. Se observaron cambios en la cobertura vegetal, en el periodo de 1987-1997 la se perdieron 948.42 ha, en el periodo 1997-2007 la reducción fue de 81.83 ha y en el periodo 2007-2017 la pérdida fue de 59.26 ha. Ante esto se puede concluir que la cobertura vegetal del distrito de Morales está experimentando pérdidas, siendo el principal factor el crecimiento demográfico.
Cultivo y crecimiento de trucha arco iris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) alimentada con dos marcas de alimento extruido: estudio en laguna altoandina de Perú
Authors: COELA MULLISACA EDWIN
Published: December 2020

La trucha arco íris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) es la especie que se cultiva en diferentes cuerpos de agua de los andes del Perú, destacando la región Puno en la producción nacional. Dado al potencial que tiene y con el fin de optimizar su cultivo, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el crecimiento de la trucha cultivada en sistema de cultivo de jaulas flotantes utilizando alimentos de dos marcas diferentes. El estudio se efectuó en Lagunillas, cuerpo de agua ubicado en la región Puno. Se realizó un experimento que duró ocho meses. Se formaron dos lotes, el primer lote fue alimentado con productos Purina y el segundo con productos Naltech. Se efectuó el monitoreo mensual de la talla y peso de los peces cultivados y se observó el crecimiento en biomasa e individual.  Del experimento se observó que los productos de la marca Purina permitieron alcanzar una biomasa de 6027.5 kg en el octavo mes, y de la marca Naltech 5230.0 kg. Obteniéndose mayor rendimiento en biomasa con el lote alimentado con productos Purina. Esta información es importante para que los productores de trucha tengan mejor criterio en la selección del alimento en su manejo productivo.
O paciente no hospital: a necessidade de humanização e o papel do médico
Authors: Andrade Daniele Santos , Pedreira Liz Torres , Milheiro Vitoria da Silva Costa Machado , Matos Yasmin Vidal
Published: December 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: A hospitalização causa medo e sofrimento, podendo afetar a plenitude emocional dos pacientes e familiares. Há ansiedade com o tratamento e o tempo ocioso, da mesma maneira que é enfadonho, e provoca agitação. Um acolhimento adequado, portanto - que dê protagonismo ao paciente e sua família, com profissionais dispostos a, além de tratar a doença, cuidar da pessoa doente e dos seus - transmitindo confiança, segurança e atenção - é imperativo. DISCUSSÃO: Assim como as pinturas, o ato de contar histórias é uma forma de expressão artística, cujas narrativas em um contexto hospitalar têm o propósito de aliviar a ansiedade do período de internamento e ainda incentiva a reflexão da realidade por meio da leitura de gêneros diversos por parte de quem escuta, bem como de quem narra. Aqui, então, está o papel do afeto e da sensibilidade do médico. O olhar voltado ao(a) paciente como ser biopsicossocial perpassa também pela necessidade de empoderar esses atores, de modo que tenham autonomia sobre seus corpos e suas vidas. A padronização, fundamental na organização da dinâmica dos que trabalham em um Hospital, acaba por retirar a individualidade, reduzindo aqueles que ali estão em busca de cuidado a apenas seu número do leito ou a suas doenças. CONCLUSÃO: Os afetos, portanto, devem ser estimulados, uma vez que nossos sentimentos, sejam bons ou ruins conferem singularidade e integralidade ao paciente e empatia ao médico. O contrário disso despersonaliza ambos.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Model Pembelajaran Blended Learning Berbantuan Geogebra untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMA
Authors: Gusmawan Dendy Maulana , Priatna Nanang
Published: December 2020

Pembelajaran  matematika menggunakan model blended learning di sekolah menengah bukan lagi merupakan sebuah tuntutan tetapi sudah merupakan implikasi tidak langsung dari perkembangan teknologi. Maka dari itu, kajian tentang bagaimana pengembangan bahan ajar yang baik dalam penyusunan bahan ajar dengan model blended learning menjadi hal yang penting. Keberhasilan pembelajaran blended learning sangat bergantung pada kemandirian siswa dalam belajar, maka dari itu untuk menarik minat siswa belajar secara mandiri digunakan bantuan aplikasi GeoGebra. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah mengetahui hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam penyusunan bahan ajar untuk siswa SMA yang menggunakan model pembelajaran blended learning untuk memfasilitasi pencapaian kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa pada topik aplikasi turunan. Kajian ini berasal dari studi literatur dan penelitian-penelitian terdahulu, pemilihan submodel pembelajaran disesuaikan dengan keadaan di lapangan yang akan berimplikasi langsung pada pemilihan strategi pembelajaran.
Pengenalan Kebudayaan Indonesia melalui Fotografi pada Akun Instagram “KWODOKIJO”
Authors: Sari Maya Purnama , Hidayatulloh Ali Rahmat
Published: December 2020

Kebudayaan merupakan identitas bangsa Indonesia, kekhasan serta keragamannya perlu ditanamkan, dicintai oleh warga Indonesia serta dapat diperkenalkan kepada seluruh dunia. Kemudahan teknologi saat ini mampu menjangkau genarasi muda yang ingin mengenal kebudayaan Indonesia dengan segala kemudahannya, salah satu teknologi hasil karya fotografi dapat menjadi fasilitas dalam mengenal kebudayaan Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu mengenal kebudayaan Indonesia dari unsur kebudayaan secara universal dari hasil karya fotografi akun Instagram “kwodokijo”. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendektaan kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi literatur hasil karya fotografi serta kebudayaan Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dari ketujuh unusr kebudayaan secara iniversal, hasil karya kwodokijo hanya menunjukan enam unsur kebudayaan, yang tercipta secara lisan tidak terekam oleh fotografi. Sistem Bahasa. Seluruh hasil karya “kwodokijo” Sangat mencerminkan situasi dan kondisi kebudayaan asli Indonesia yang dapat menjadi identitas bangsa, dengan mudah dapat diakses oleh masyarakat local dan dunia dari berbagai  kalangan.
The Public Power System in the Russian Federation: New Approaches to Legal Regulation under the Constitutional Reform
Authors: Zenin S. S.
Published: December 2020

The paper is devoted to the examination of the Russian system of public power in the context of the constitutional reform. The aim of the study is to carry out a comprehensive theoretical and legal analysis of the current state of consolidation of the public power system in Russia under constitutional law. The author has examined the regulatory legal acts that mediate the implementation of the constitutional reform in Russia; doctrinal sources and significant foreign experience relevant to the subject matter of the study. Methodologically, the study is based on general philosophical, general scientific, private scientific, special scientific methods. The paper defines the fundamental properties of the system of public power enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation with due regard to such parameters as the peculiarities of the construction of federal relations as the fundamental functions and powers of public authorities allocated vertically, the state of the system of separation of powers in the context of checks and balances, the level of legal protection and autonomy of local authorities. The author has determined that the constitutional reform regarding the consolidation of the system of public power has encouraged development and strengthening of the principle of subsidiarity when differentiating jurisdictions and powers in relations between the state authorities of the Russian Federation and its constituent entities; clarification of the spatial limit of the governmental rule of the Federation by means of constitutional legitimation of Federal Territories; creation of the basis for overcoming the “conflict of competences (jurisdictions)” between state and municipal levels of power in order to ensure the constitutional law balance between the branches of state power at the federal level to prevent the development of non-systemic conflicts in the system of checks and balances and the emergence of constitutional crises of power. A suggested system of public power retains the necessary discretionary mechanisms to adjust the mechanism of its individual elements in order to achieve a balance between public functions, powers and tasks to be solved.
Differntiation between Rational and Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Land Law
Authors: Luneva E. V.
Published: December 2020

The rational use of natural resources in land law is understood as the increase in the ecological efficiency of the use of natural resources, including the quality improvement. the paper identifies the types of public relations concerning the rational use of natural resources in land law: 1) improvement of the state of the natural environment and the ecological situation in general; 2) improvement of the quality of land as a separate natural resource and a natural object; 3) land reclamation; 4) land restoration; 5) additional reproduction of land fertility; 6) other relationships aimed at improving the sustainability of environmental systems of which land is a part. On the example of Part 2 Art. 8.7 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation, Para. 2 of Art. 45, Para. 2 of Art. 46 and Para. 1 of Art. 47 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation the paper shows the significance of differentiation between rational and sustainable use of natural resources in land law for law enforcement. The proposed differntiation leads to overcoming legal uncertainty when bringing to administrative responsibility and forced termination of rights to land plots for failure to fulfill mandatory measures for the land improvement. The author substantiates the supression from the objective side of the administrative offense provided by Part 2 of Art. 8.7 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation, of the failure to act on mandatory improvement of lands. The reasons for the proposed change of the rule include: 1) the absence in law enforcement practice of the facts of bringing to administrative responsibility under Part 2 Art. 8.7 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation for failure to comply with mandatory measures to improve lands; 2) recognition by courts in most cases of the design of part 2 of Art. 8.7 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation as a formally defined crime; 3) the study of Part 2 Article 8.7 of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation in the science of Land Law exclusively in the context of the failure to implement mandatory measures to protect land and soil; 4) only social relations in the field of preservation and protection of land against negative impact can be the object of an administrative violation.
A Dialectical Social Framework for the Analysis of Media Communication
Authors: GÜNDOĞAN Ercan
Published: December 2020

This article proposes a dialectical theoretical framework for the analysis of media and media
communication. The study begins with the determination that a genuine theoretical analysis of media
and communication must take into account certain constitutive relations and processes within the
social whole, since communication is not part of a single social structure or a distinctive structure
within a social system. The article tries to formulate and analyze these relationships and processes in
the form of dialectical tensions and patterns created by simultaneous, twin and overlapping dialectic
relationships and processes of individualization-socialization and classification-massization. In doing
so, the article reinterprets the forms of old and new media and of communication and highlights blogs
as they reveal a true communicative media potential; the article also discusses concepts such as “free
labor”, which is also used by those who approach communication and media issues from political
economy, and proposes new concepts such as virtual class and virtual petty bourgeoisie.
From Life to Its Online School: An Analysis of Alain de Botton’s ‘The School of Life’ as Strategy and Tactic
Authors: KARANFİL Gökçen , GÜRSOY A. Özgür
Published: December 2020

Through a critical engagement with the literature on the conceptualizations of culture, this article focuses on the possibilities for empowerment and social agency that may be found in manifestations of everyday popular culture and the critiques of this approach that voice their oppressive nature. The article draws on Michel de Certeau’s distinction between strategies and tactics, as qualified by Michel Foucault’s use of the same conceptual pair, in order to develop a conceptual grid that emphasizes their imbrication or mutual conditioning. The key advantage offered by this grid is that it makes visible the inherently ambivalent nature of cultural products and the way in which constraining strategies and liberating tactical reversals are both made possible on the same shared site. It thus argues that popular cultural works may subvert the manipulative imperatives of the culture industry only from within a strategically structured social field. It thereby becomes possible to acknowledge the insights of the culture industry perspective of critical theory, while providing a more nuanced interpretation and evaluation of certain works of popular culture. The conceptual analysis is then applied to The School of Life (an online educational organization initiated by the popular author, philosopher, and entrepreneur Alain de Botton) both to offer an examination of this cultural artifact and to test the assumptions the theoretical framework developed.
Variation of Bioactivities and Phytochemical Compositions of Valeriana dioscoridis Sm. Extracts
Authors: UÇAR Esra , ATAŞ Mehmet , ÇİLESİZ Yeter , ÇİNBİLGEL İlker , ERUYGUR Nuraniye , KARAKÖY Tolga
Published: December 2020

Valerian (Valeriana dioscoridis Sm.) is a perennial herb of the Caprifoliaceae family. The aim of this study was to determine the variation of V. dioscoridis plants grown in different regions in respect of the quality criteria traits such as nutrient values, extract contents and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity values. In this study, roots and rhizomes of V. dioscoridis Sm. were collected from eight different locations in Antalya province. The obtained materials were ground in a blender and extracted with 80% ethanol. The macro and micro-nutrient elements contents of the powdered plant samples were evaluated and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts were investigated. Based on the data obtained, there were different values in the antioxidant, antimicrobial activities, nutrient content and chemical composition content of extracts of V.dioscoridis Sm. plants grown in different locations.
Limited health literacy increases the risk of orthorexia nervosa among urban schoolteachers
Authors: Yilmazel Gulay , Bozdogan Serpil
Published: December 2020

Background Orthorexia nervosa (ON) describes a pathological obsession with proper nutrition that is characterized by a restrictive diet, ritualized patterns of eating, and rigid avoidance of foods believed to be unhealthy or impure. Limited health literacy may play a role in the onset and progression of orthorexia. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between health literacy and ON among urban schoolteachers.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in central Black Sea region of Turkey with 420 primary and secondary schoolteachers aged between 18 and 51 years. A questionnaire form including socio-demographic characteristics was used. The Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire (ORTO-15) was used to assess orthorexia nervosa behavior and the Turkey Health Literacy Scale (TSOY-32) to assess health literacy. Simple binary and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were carried out to verify the associations between the variables.ResultsOf the study group 46.4% were in the 40-49 year age group, 53.8% were male, 78.6% had ON and 93.6% had limited health literacy. Nearly all of the orthorexics (96.4%) had limited health literacy. Female gender, Instagram use and limited health literacy was significantly associated with ON. Limited health literacy increases the risk of ON 4.85 times among teachers (aOR=4.85;95% C.I. : 2.15-10.94;p=0.000).ConclusionThe current findings suggest that limited health literacy is the strongest risk factor for ON among urban schoolteachers. School health literacy and social media literacy programs can open a new window into revealing ON.
The study of oropharyngeal pack soaked in lignocaine with dexamethasone in patients undergoing nasal surgeries
Authors: Agrawal Mahendra , Gandhi Pushpal , Agrawal Bhavika , Behl Simarn
Published: December 2020

Background: The aim of this study determines the efficacy of lignocaine lignocaine with dexamethasone used topically in form of oropharyngeal pack in reducing postoperative sore throat (POST), hoarseness and throat irritation.  Methods: This retrospective study total of 70 adult patients included in the lignocaine and dexamethasone (LD) group. LD group patients received combination of 5 ml lignocaine 2% and 2 ml (8 mg) dexamethasone in oropharyngeal packing.Results: There is no significant difference in age, gender, and American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II. There was no significant difference the studied group in term of measured hemodynamic indices Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate. Post extubation incidence of mild sore throat was occurred in patients 11 (31.4%) at 30 min, 13 (37.1%) at 2 hours, 6 (17.1%) at 6 hours, and 5 (14.2%) at 5 (14.2%). Moderate sore throat and severe sore throat was not present. Hoarseness of voice was present only 4 (11.4%) at 30 min. There was significant deference in throat irritation. A decrease in incidence of hoarseness was also seen in group LD.  Conclusions: In LD group a positive beneﬁt is seen in form of reduction of POST, hoarseness and throat irritation helping in better recovery of patients.
Exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus plantarum YW11 improve immune response and ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease symptoms
Authors: Min Zhang , Xiaona Hao , Aziz Tariq , Jian Zhang , Zhennai Yang
Published: December 2020

Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) possess many bioactivities such as immune regulation, antioxidant, anti-tumor and modulation of intestinal microbial balance but their direct effect on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) response has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of EPS produced by L. plantarum YW11 administered at different dosages in IBD mouse model induced with 5% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). The DSS-induced colitis, accompanied by body weight loss, reduction of colon coefficient and histological colon injury was considerably ameliorated in mice fed the EPS (10 mg/kg). The middle dose of the EPS (25 mg/kg) could effectively recover the intestinal microbial diversity and increase the abundance of Roseburia, Ruminococcus and Blautia with increased content of butyric acid. Moreover, EPS also reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-18) and enhanced the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. This study showed that EPS might help in modulation of gut microbiota and improve the immunity of the host to reduce the risk of IBD symptoms.
Dexmedetomidine alleviates pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury through modulating the miR-21-5p/Nr4a1 signaling pathway
Authors: Dong Wei , Yang Hongxia , Cheng Minghua , Zhang Xin , Yin Jingjing , Zeng Zhaodong , Huang Guang
Published: December 2020

This study aims to investigate the protection of dexmedetomidine (Dex) against pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury (PIRI) in the mouse model and reveal the mechanism in hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R)-induced mouse pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (MPVECs). The lung wet-to-dry weight ratio, histopathological features, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were measured. The H/R-induced MPVECs were exposed to Dex, and the cell viability, cell apoptosis and protein expressions were assessed by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay, flow cytometry and western blot, respectively. In addition, the regulatory relationship between miR-21-5p and orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (Nr4a1) was revealed by several assays, including the dual-luciferase reporter assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. We found that the Dex treatment significantly alleviated pulmonary injury and decreased the level of MDA and wet/dry weight ratio in PIRI mice. Dex treatment also increased cell viability, reduced apoptotic ratio and downregulated expression levels of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 in H/R induced MPVECs. Furthermore, the expression of miR-21-5p was upregulated, while Nr4a1 was downregulated by Dex in a concentration-dependent manner in H/R induced MPVECs. Moreover, Nr4a1 was verified as a target of miR-497-5p. Overexpression of Nr4a1 could reverse the protective effects of Dex on alleviating H/R-induced injury in MPVECs. Taken together, Dex treatment attenuated ischemia-reperfusion induced pulmonary injury through modulating the miR-21-5p/Nr4a1 signaling pathway.
Vícios e virtudes nas políticas públicas de cotas educionais: os obstáculos ao desenvolvimento humano com a chegada dos cotistas nas universidades públicas
Authors: Tiujo Edson Mitsuo , Dos Santos Bruno Grego
Published: December 2020

O artigo propõe-se a discutir as políticas públicas de cotas educacionais sob o crivo da justiça. Adotando-se uma leitura liberal igualitária da vigente Constituição brasileira, com base principalmente em John Rawls, a pesquisa debruça-se a analisar desde as virtudes das políticas de acesso e ingresso dos cotistas nas universidades públicas até os persistentes vícios nas relações entre cotistas e não cotistas e, também, nos ambientes universitários. Partindo-se da hipótese de que o consenso sobre o valor da igualdade ainda não está totalmente formado no meio social, embora já o esteja no âmbito constitucional brasileiro, a pesquisa propõe a necessidade das políticas públicas de continuidade e permanência dos estudantes estar em conformidade com a missão das universidades públicas, sob pena de os vícios presentes no meio social e insistentes nos ambientes universitários suplantarem as conquistas obtidas até então.
La proteción de la dignité humaine comme point de convergence entre pa constitutionnalisation et l'internationalisation du droit
Authors: Tonetto Fernanda Figueira , Guerra Sidney
Published: December 2020

Cet article analyse les convergences entre le droit international et le constitutionnalisme en matière de protection des droits fondamentaux. Il vise à démontrer comment le principe de la dignité humaine catalyse la construction normative et jurisprudentielle qui place l'être humain au centre de son spectre de protection. La recherche utilise la méthode hypothético-déductive, en partant de la prémisse de l'existence d'une valeur convergente entre les Constitutions et le droit international, ce qui permet de conclure que tant le développement du droit international que du constitutionnalisme ont donné naissance à un organe de protection autonome, dont l'objectif principal est devenu la protection des droits de l'homme afin de permettre l'identification des valeurs universelles à protéger, la principale étant la valeur de la dignité humaine.
Esquizofrenia: o que analistas do comportamento têm feito no Brasil?
Authors: Da Silva Carlos Henrique Santos
Published: December 2020

Estudos conduzidos no exterior desde a década de 60 apontam a eficácia dos procedimentos da Análise do Comportamento em pessoas com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Muitos foram os objetivos, comportamentos-alvo selecionados, procedimentos e reforçadores utilizados. O presente estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura brasileira de pesquisas conduzidas com pessoas com esquizofrenia sob o enfoque analítico-comportamental. Nove bases de dados foram selecionadas e um conjunto de palavras-chave identificou 19 estudos nacionais, que apontaram publicações constantes, principalmente de teses e dissertações, sobre a temática desde 2005. Comportamento verbal vocal apropriado e inapropriado apareceram em maior destaque nas intervenções conduzidas sob os procedimentos de reforçamento diferencial de respostas alternativas e extinção. Poucos estudos tiveram como alvo respostas de agressão, higiene pessoal, habilidades sociais, leitura e mostraram também sua eficácia, o que sugere a necessidade de mais estudos abrangendo outros comportamentos-alvo.
Efeito do pareamento ao modelo com atraso fixo ou ajustado na formação de classes de equivalência
Authors: Leal Camila Fernanda Soares , De Melo Raquel Maria
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o efeito de diferentes tipos de pareamento ao modelo com atraso na formação de classes de equivalência com um delineamento intrassujeito. Cinco estudantes universitários foram expostos a duas condições experimentais. Na Condição Atraso Ajustado, o atraso entre a apresentação dos estímulos modelo e de comparação nos treinos aumentava de 1 em 1 s até atingir o atraso máximo de 12 s e na Condição Atraso Fixo o atraso era sempre de 12 s. O número de tentativas foi acoplado entre as condições experimentais. Após o treino de duas discriminações condicionais (AB e AC ou DE e DF), com estímulos visuais abstratos, foram realizados os testes de simetria, transitividade e equivalência. Os resultados demonstram que na Condição Atraso Fixo todos os participantes formaram classes de equivalência enquanto na Condição Atraso Ajustado apenas três. Esses resultados corroboram com a literatura ao demonstrarem que melhores desempenhos são obtidos após o treino de relações condicionais com pareamento com atraso fixo quando comparado aos desempenhos obtidos após o treino de relações condicionais com pareamento com atraso ajustado.
Análise do Comportamento Aplicada à Análise de Jogo no Futebol
Authors: Moreira Gustavo D. , Gamba Jonas , Moura Felipe A. , De Souza Silvia R.
Published: December 2020

Investigaram-se os procedimentos empregados por um treinador de futebol para o ensino das jogadas ensaiadas de escanteio ofensivo e os resultados obtidos com tais jogadas em treinos, amistosos e jogos competitivos. Participaram um treinador e 71 jogadores de futebol profissional. As jogadas ensaiadas foram categorizadas como A, B, C, D ou improvisada, dependendo da posição dos jogadores em campo de acordo com o modelo fornecido pelo treinador. As verbalizações do treinador nos treinos foram gravadas. Verificou-se que os escanteios foram trabalhados em jogo coletivo e que quanto mais próximo do período competitivo, maior a porcentagem de treinos com escanteio. O ensino das jogadas se deu predominantemente por meio de instruções técnicas parciais. Houve aumento do número de jogadas improvisadas com a proximidade da competição e indícios da manutenção do padrão de realização das jogadas ensaiadas em treinos, amistosos e jogos. Para a equipe titular e reserva, a jogada improvisada e a jogada A apresentaram melhores índices em finalizações no gol e gols, respectivamente. Os resultados foram discutidos apontando-se parâmetros para orientar possíveis intervenções utilizadas por treinadores no ensino de jogadas ensaiadas.
La Investigación en Derecho
Authors: Zolezzi Ibárcena Lorenzo
Published: December 2020

No contiene resumen
La interpretación constitucional
Authors: Quiroga León Aníbal
Published: December 2020

No presenta resumen
Existing and to be developed teacher competences in engineer teacher training
Authors: Harangus Katalin , Horváth Zsófia-Irén , Szentes Erzsébet
Published: December 2020

Teacher competences are made up of abilities, skills and other knowledge and behaviours that teachers need to carry out well as a teacher. The effective establishment and development of these should therefore be a key objective of teacher training. In this paper, we present what engineering undergraduate students in teacher training consider to be the current and expected level of competencies they need to have in their teaching profession. The survey included students who already acquired professional methodology and knowledge during their training. The measurement instrument contained a list of competences, including key competences proposed by the European Council, as well as student competencies and knowledge that we consider essential for an engineering teacher. The results highlight the competences that need to be developed in teacher training so that students can meet professional expectations and challenges as a practicing teacher.
 
Keywords: Teaching competences, key competences, teacher training, engineering students.
Enterosorbents in the comprehensive therapy for acute intestinal infections in adults
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Nikolaeva I.V. , Tkacheva S.V. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Sharifullina G.S. ,   Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kazan, Russian Federation, Samatova E.T. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Kosheleva Yu.V. ,   Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kazan, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the dietary supplement ‘Complex with pectin Liquid Charcoal’ used for the treatment of acute intestinal infections (AIIs) in adults. Patients and methods. This study included 40 patients aged between 18 and 59 years diagnosed with AIIs of unknown etiology (moderate gastroenteritis) and treated in the Republican Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Kazan in 2019. Participants were divided into two groups according to their treatment scheme. Patients in the experimental group (n = 20) received dietary supplement “Complex with pectin Liquid Charcoal” as a part of their basic therapy (1 sachet × 3 times a day 1 hour before meals), while patients in the control group received activated charcoal at a dose of 0.1 g/kg/day divided into 3 portions. Data analysis was performed using the Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and STATISTICA 10.0 software and included Student t-test. Results. In patients receiving “Complex with pectin Liquid Charcoal”, intoxication syndrome was 1.5 days (31.3%) shorter than that in patients receiving activated charcoal (р < 0.001). Moreover, the duration of gastroenteritis syndrome among patients from the experimental group was 0.5 days (15.4%) shorter than that in the controls (р < 0.05). “Complex with pectin Liquid Charcoal” ensured a 28% shortening of total disease duration compared to the control group (3.6 ± 0.16 days vs 5.0 ± 0.17 days) (р < 0.001). Conclusion. Our findings suggest high clinical efficacy of the dietary supplement “Complex with pectin Liquid Charcoal” in the treatment of AIIs in adults. The supplement has also shown good safety profile and ensured high patient compliance. Key words: dietary supplement “Complex with pectin Liquid Charcoal”, acute intestinal infection, pectin, sorbents
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Administrated in two Different Modes in Sedative and Analgesic Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Xia Weipeng , Wei Lingxin , Deng Xiaoming , Yang Dong , Sui Jinghu , Sun Yulei , Liu Juhui , Wang Lei
Published: December 2020

Background: To observe and compare the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine administrated in two different modes in sedative and analgesic anesthesia. Methods: Sixty female patients, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II, aged from 18-52 years and scheduled for elective plastic operations under sedative and analgesic anesthesia were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group, with 30 patients in each group. All patients were administered IV midazolam 0.04mg/kg and a continuous infusion of 0.1 μg/kg/min of remifentanil at the beginning of anesthesia. Patients in the control group received IV dexmedetomidine (DEX) 1 μg/kg over 15 min followed by 0.4-0.7 μg/kg/h infusion while patients in the intervention group received IV DEX 1 μg/kg over 30 min followed by 0.4-0.7 μg/kg/h infusion. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (RR), bispectral index (BIS) and Ramsay sedation scores (RSS) were recorded. The lowest respiratory rates (LRR), incidences of respiratory depression, incidences of oxygen supplementation by facial mask and thrusting the jaw, frequencies of body movements, and additional rescue drug administrations were also recorded. After surgery, recovery time, recall of intraoperative events, pain scores in postanesthesia care unit(PACU), and satisfaction of patients and surgeons were assessed. Results: The BIS at time points from 5 min after anesthesia to the end of surgery in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The RSS scores at time points from 5 min after anesthesia to immediately after induction with DEX were significantly higher in the intervention group than those in the control group (P<0.05). The HR at time points from the beginning of surgery to 30 min after local anesthesia, the MAP at time points from 30 min after local anesthesia to the end of surgery, and the RR at time points from 5 min after anesthesia to the end of surgery were significantly higher in the intervention group than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, patients in the intervention group had higher LRR, lower incidences of respiratory depression, more oxygen supplementation by facial mask and thrusting the jaw, and a shorter recovery time (P<0.05). Conclusions: The two different dexmedetomidine administrations effectively sedated and provided analgesia for patients. Dexmedetomidine infused with a loading dose over 30 min had less impact on patients’ hemodynamics and respiration and could shorten the recovery time after anesthesia. Trial registration: Registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, registration number ChiCTR1900027958, date of registration: 07/12/2019.