bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUASILINEARIZATION AND MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS OF THE EMDEN‐FOWLER TYPE EQUATION
Authors: Yermachenko I. , Sadyrbaev F.
Published: March 2019

Existence and multiplicity of solutions of the problem x” = ‐q(t) |x|p sign x (i), x(0) = x(1) = 0 (ii) are investigated by reducing equation (i) to a quasi‐linear one so that both equations are equivalent in some domain O. If a solution of corresponding quasi‐linear problem is located in the domain of equivalence O, then this solution solves the original problem also. If this process of quasilinearization is possible for multiple essentially different linear parts, then multiple solutions to the problem (i), (ii) exist.

Darbe nagrinejamas taip vadinamas Emdeno‐Faulerio kvazitiesines diferencialines lygties homogeninio kraštinio uždavinio sprendiniu egzistavimas ir daugialypumas. Parodyta, kad šio uždavinio sprendinio daugialypumas priklauso nuo tam tikru būdu gautos kvazilinearizuotos lygties tiesines dalies savybiu.
ADM-Based Hybrid Model Transformation for Obtaining UML Models from PHP Code
Authors: Elmounadi Abdelali , Berbiche Naoual , Sefiani Nacer , El Moukhi Nawfal
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we present a hybrid-based model transformation, according to the Architecture Driven Modernization (ADM) approach, intended for getting UML (Unified Modeling Language) models from the PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) code. This latter has been done by offering a tool support for automated generation of UML platform independent models from PHP ASTM (Abstract Syntax Tree Metamodel) representations, which are specific platform models. The model transformation rules are expressed in ATL (Atlas Transformation Language), which is a widely used model transformation language based on the hybrid approach. This work aims to fill the gap between the web-based applications maintenance, especially PHP-based implementations, and the model transformation processes in the ADM context.
YÖNETİCİLER DAĞITIM ADALETİNİ NASIL SAĞLAR?: SENARYO TEKNİĞİ İLE BİR SAHA ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: ALPARSLAN Ali Murat , TAŞ Mehmet Ali , YASTIOĞLU Seber
Published: March 2019

A dalet, insanların refahı ve düzeni için her düzlemde sağlanması gereken en önemlierdemlerdendir. Bu ağır sorumluluğu yerine getirmek de yöneticilerin işidir. Özellikleiş hayatında, yöneticilerin dağıtım adaletini sağlarken göz önünde bulundurduklarıperformans, uyum, ihtiyaç ve eşit paylaşım gibi hususlara ne derece önem verdiklerini incelemekçalışanlar için önemli çıkarımlar oluşturacaktır.Bu çalışmanın amacı özel ve kamu alanında yöneticilik yapan kişilerin dağıtım adaletinde hangiunsurlara ne derece dikkat ettiklerini ortaya koymak için yapılmıştır. Senaryo oluşturma yöntemi kullanılarak110 yönetici üzerinde yapılan bu araştırma 5 farklı çalışan profilini içermektedir. Çalışmanınbulguları; performansı ve uyumu yüksek çalışanların çok daha fazla prim aldığını göstermektedir. Performansı ve uyumu düşük olsa da ihtiyacına binaen çalışanlara prim de verilebileceği sonucu oluşmuştur.Ancak performansın oldukça önemli olduğu, ihtiyacı yüksek olsa da performansa göre prim belirlemedurumu daha dikkat çekici bir bulgudur. Bu sonuçlar iş hayatının performansa ne kadar önemverdiğinin, ancak performansla birlikte uyumun oldukça etkili olduğunun bir göstergesidir.
Preliminary Studies on Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Friction Stir Processing of Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Kayode Oyindamola , Olufayo Oluwole A. , Akinlabi Esther Titilayo
Published: March 2019

Molecular dynamics (MD) is a computer simulation method for studying the physical movements of atoms and molecules at nanoscale. It allows interaction between the atoms and molecules for a fixed period, giving an understanding of the system as they dynamically begin to evolve. The paths of the atoms and molecules are determined by numerically solving Newton's equations of motion for a system of interacting atoms, where interatomic potentials or molecular mechanics force fields are used to calculate forces and potential energies between the atoms. In this study, the basic parameters used in MD simulations are briefly discussed. An MD simulation of the friction stir processing (FSP) of aluminium alloy 6061-T6 was carried out to explain the invisible thermodynamic microscopic details which occurred during the process. However, the aim of the MD simulation is not to predict precisely the process, but to predict the average thermodynamic behavior of the process if conducted in a practical state. This is to further enhance the understanding of the FSP process. The results obtained from the MD simulation prove that it may be possible to adequately represent the MD simulation of the FSP of an aluminium alloy.
Distortion Prediction of Welded Thin Plate Lap Joints by Finite Element Analysis and Experiment
Authors: Ayof Mohamad Nizam , Nawi Ruzaini Mohd , Hussein Nur Izan Syahriah , Zainol Nor Zulaikha
Published: March 2019

Welding process is an efficient joining process of metals that is achieved by gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process. Localized heating during welding process can result in distortion of the welded plate. The estimation of magnitude and distribution of distortion are important to maintain the quality of products. Finite element method is implemented to investigate the distortions behavior of thin steel plate, cold rolled (SPCC) material in lap joint using GMAW process. A three-dimensional, two-step thermomechanical finite element model study was applied to analyze and evaluate distortion behavior in lap joint. The result of distortion from finite element analysis (FEA) was compared to experimental data to validate the accuracy of the method.
Effects of Carbon Fiber Hybridization on the Compressive Strength of Glass-Carbon/Epoxy Hybrid Composite Pipes before and after Low Velocity Impact
Authors: Farhood Naseer H. , Karuppanan Saravanan , Ya Hamdan Haji , Ovinis Mark
Published: March 2019

In this paper, the effect of carbon fiber hybridization on the compressive strength of glass-carbon/epoxy hybrid filament wound pipes before and after low velocity impact was investigated experimentally. Specifically, the effects of different stacking sequence and fiber content ratio on the compression and compression after impact (CAI) behavior of hybrid glass-carbon fiber reinforced polymer pipes were analyzed. Hybrid composite pipes composed of eight layers of / reinforced with thin HDPE liner were manufactured utilizing filament winding technique. A series of axial compressive tests were carried out on the composite pipes for the non-impacted and impacted specimens under 100 J of impact energy. Residual compressive strength, damage tolerance and failure modes were examined and analyzed for different pipe configurations, before and after the impact. The failure modes of non-impacted and impacted composite pipes under compressive loading were analyzed visually. The results show that, under the same conditions of impact energy, specimens with alternative fibers exhibited better impact resistance regardless of fiber content ratio. Moreover, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy specimens exhibited the worst impact damage tolerance for a given impact energy level although having the highest compressive strength before impact among the samples, with the highest percentage reduction of 62% in residual compressive force after impact.
Thermal Analysis of Quaternary Molten Nitrate Salts Mixture for Energy Recovery System
Authors: Tukimon Mohd Faizal , Wan Muhammad Wan Nur Azrina , Mohamad M. Nor Anuar , Rosly Nurhayati , Isa Norasikin Mat
Published: March 2019

Quaternary molten salt nitrate have been used very practically as medium for energy storage or heat transfer fluid in terms of energy recovery system. Quaternary molten salt nitrate is a mixture that can transfer heat to generate energy such as electricity. Mixed alkaline molten nitrate salt can act as a heat transfer fluid due to their advantageous in terms of heat recovery system due to high specific heat capacity, low vapour pressure, low cost and wide range of temperature in its application. This studies shows about determining the new composition of quaternary molten nitrate salts from different primary salts that can possibly give a high specific heat capacity with low melting point. The mixture of quaternary molten nitrate salts was then heated inside the box furnace at 150°C for four hours and rose up the temperature to 400°C for eight hours. Through heating process, the quaternary molten nitrate alkaline was completely homogenized. The temperature was then dropped to room temperature before removing the mixture from the furnace. The specific heat capacities of each sample were determined by using Differential Scanning Calorimeter, DSC. From the result of DSC testing, Sample 6 gives the highest point of specific heat capacity and low melting point which is 0.4648 J/g°C and 97.71°C respectively. In the nut shell, Sample 6 was chosen as a good mixture with good thermal properties that has a low melting point which is below 100°C but high specific heat capacity that may be a helpful in the application energy recovery system.
A philosophical and theological insight towards understanding the difference between the concepts of authority and power
Authors: Koenane Mojalefa L.J. , Madise Mokhele J.S.
Published: March 2019

In this article, we seek to clarify the difference between the two concepts: authority and power. We are well aware that, in our everyday language, these two concepts are erroneously used interchangeably. This is because people take it for granted that these concepts mean exactly the same thing. We disagree: these concepts may have a relationship; however, they do not always denote the same meaning. Some people are of the opinion that because they are in authority, they must ‘lord it over’ others. Sometimes, there are multiple messages from conflicting authorities; in such cases, which authority must be obeyed? Our purpose is to critique this view and suggest the one that we believe is tenable, which is authority as service, an idea that is promoted by Jesus Christ in the Gospels.
Symptomatic Thoracic Intramedullary Arachnoid Cyst: “A Rare Entity” Report of Two Cases with Short Review of Literature
Authors: Panwar Naresh , Purohit Devendra Kumar , Sharma Somnath , Chopra Sanjeev
Published: March 2019

Spinal arachnoid cysts are uncommon benign lesions of spine axis and most commonly present as compressive myelopathy. Intramedullary arachnoid cyst is uncommonly seen, hence, not much discussed in literature. Due to rarity of this entity, many questions are yet to be answered and should be addressed properly, particularly related to etiopathogenesis, accustomed course, behavior, differential diagnosis, and the best treatment modality. We report the clinicopathological profile of thoracic intramedullary arachnoid cysts in two adult patients, and present a detailed review of available literature on the spinal intramedullary arachnoid cyst. Most of the literature concerning with intramedullary arachnoid cysts are in the form of case reports from pediatrics population. As far to the best of our knowledge, only a few cases excluding our two were found in both pediatrics and adult population.
Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma: A Rare Fatty Tumor and its Literature Review
Authors: Deora Harsh , Prabhuraj A. R. , Saini Jitender , Yasha T. C. , Arimappamagan Arivazhagan
Published: March 2019

Cerebellar liponeurocytoma is a rare oncological entity, and the knowledge about the treatment and outcome of these rare tumors is still evolving. Very few cases have been described in literature. We report a middle-aged male who presented with raised intracranial pressure features and gait ataxia. His imaging features revealed classical features of liponeurocytoma in cerebellar vermis, with abundant fat component evident in both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. He underwent resection of the lesion and has been asymptomatic for 4 years. This report describes the classical radiological and immunohistochemical features of this rare entity with favorable outcome and reviews the existing literature.
Spinal Cord Ependymoma – Surgical Management and Outcome
Authors: Mohammed Wail , Farrell Michael , Bolger Ciaran
Published: March 2019

Background: Ependymoma is a common primary neoplasm of the spinal cord and filum terminale. Patients with spinal ependymoma usually experience gradual symptoms due to slow progression of the tumor; thus, early diagnosis can be challenging to make. Objective: The objective of this study was to report 5 years’ experience in treating spinal intramedullary ependymomas and to illustrate the advantage of aggressive complete resection whenever possible. Patients and Methods: Retrospective medical notes of all patients with spinal ependymoma treated surgically over a 5-year period between January 2003 and January 2008 were recorded. Clinical presentation, spinal level, extent of resection, and complications were recorded. A prolonged follow-up was documented. Results: There were 20 patients – 11 males, and nine females –included in this study. Their median age was 48 years (range 3–75 years). In 18 patients, total gross resection was achieved. Subtotal resection was only possible in one patient due to surgical difficulty. One patient underwent biopsy and referred for further surgery and subsequently had total resection. Conclusions: Radical total resection is achievable in spinal ependymomas, with minimal resultant morbidity.
Study of Frontal Alpha Asymmetry in Mild Depression: A Potential Biomarker or Not?
Authors: Dharmadhikari Ambrish S. , Jaiswal Suyog Vijay , Tandle Avinash L. , Sinha Deoraj , Jog Nandini
Published: March 2019

Background: Depression, despite being the most common of mental illness lacks any quantifiable and absolute biomarker. Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is proposed as biomarker of depression both in resting and activated state. Yet, the location of extraction of alpha, clinical utility as well as validity of FAA is uncertain. With aim of obtaining clarity on this confusion we conducted this study. Methodology: Electroencephalographic frontal alpha power was calculated in patients of depression (n = 24) and compared with healthy controls (n = 17) for the assessment of FAA. Both groups were studied for resting phase and activation phase changes in FAA. For activation phase, auditory stimuli in the form of Indian classical music were used. Results: Frontal alpha power was measured across FP1, FP2, F3, F4, F7, and F8. Mean powers were compared in resting (before), activated (during) and postactivated resting stage (after). FAA was statistically significant in F7–F8 pair of electrodes and on F7 electrode when compared between cases and controls. Conclusion: Quest for biomarker for depression churned out FAA as frontrunner. Despite of vast amount of research on it, practical utility eludes us. We need to revisit our approach from conventional search of the diagnostic biomarker; as FAA might reflect component of depression but not totally disorder. In our opinion, we are not yet ready for it and have a road ahead to travel.
Tuberculosis: A Common Infection with Rare Presentation, Isolated Sellar Tuberculoma with Panhypopituitarism
Authors: Agrawal Vivek Mahesh , Giri Pramod Janardhan
Published: March 2019

Isolated sellar tuberculoma is a very rare condition and usually presents with headache and decreased vision. It can present with panhypopituitarism with 3rd nerve palsy. Tuberculoma mimics pituitary adenoma clinically as well as radiologically and requires endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery and histopathological examination for the final diagnosis. We present a rare case of a 40-year-old female presented with headache, decreased vision, and unilateral 3rd nerve palsy with panhypopituitarism.
Clinical Characteristics of Essential Tremor in South India: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Manorenj Sandhya , Shravani Chintha , Jawalker Srikant
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Essential tremor (ET) is the most common adult movement disorder. Classic ET is characterized by action tremor of hands (95% cases), and tremor involving other regions is less common. Recent studies have revealed a few patients exhibiting nontremor features that include cognitive disorders, tandem gait abnormality, mood fluctuations, olfactory abnormality, hearing impairment, and sleep disorders. Very few studies on ET have so far been conducted in India, and the present study is a pioneering attempt to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with ET. Materials and Methods: A standardized assessment protocol was used to collect data. Diagnosis of ET was established using consensus criteria established by the Movement Disorder Society. Tremor Research Group Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale was used to evaluate tremor impact. The severity of hand tremor was assessed by Glass Scale, and cognitive function was assessed by Mini–Mental Status Examination. Results: Out of the 45 patients enrolled, 73.3% were male and 26.6% were female, with a mean age of 44 ± 15 years. Postural tremor was observed in all, followed by intention tremor in 9 and rest tremor in 6 patients. Tremor of the hand was identified to be most predominant (100%). Voice tremor was observed in 15 (33.3%) patients and head tremor in 12 patients (26.6%) who were all females. Leg tremor was observed in 12 patients (26.6% of patients) and tongue tremor in 6 (13%) patients. Baseline asymmetry of tremor was observed in 60% of patients and positive family history in 35% of patients. The most common nontremor feature was tandem gait abnormality (40%). Moreover, most of the patients had Glass Scale II. Conclusion: Baseline asymmetry of tremor and male predominance were observed in the study. While hand tremor was the most common form of tremor, tandem gait abnormality was the most common nontremor feature as observed in patients with ET.
A Remark on the Dixmier Conjecture
Authors: Bavula V. V. , Levandovskyy V.
Published: March 2019

The Dixmier Conjecture says that every endomorphism of the (first) Weyl algebra $A_{1}$ (over a field of characteristic zero) is an automorphism, i.e., if $PQ-QP=1$ for some $P,Q\in A_{1}$, then $A_{1}=K\langle P,Q\rangle$. The Weyl algebra $A_{1}$ is a $\mathbb{Z}$-graded algebra. We prove that the Dixmier Conjecture holds if the elements $P$ and $Q$ are sums of no more than two homogeneous elements of $A_{1}$ (there is no restriction on the total degrees of $P$ and $Q$).
Оценки одного класса квазилинейных интегральных операторов на множестве неотрицательных и неотрицательно-монотонных функций
Authors: Kalybay Aigerim Aisultankyzy , Oinarov Ryskul Oinarovich
Published: March 2019

В работе рассматриваются весовые оценки для квазилинейных интегральных операторов вида
$$
\mathcal{K}^+f(x)=(\int_{0}^{x}|w(t)\int_{t}^{x}K(s,t)f(s) ds|^{r} dt)^{{1}/{r}}
$$
из $L_{p,v}$ в $L_{q,u}$ на множестве неотрицательных и неотрицательно-монотонных функций $f$, где $u$, $v$ и $w$ - весовые функции. В предположении, что $0<r<\infty$, получены необходимые и достаточные условия выполнения этих оценок на множестве неотрицательных функций при значениях параметров задачи $1\leqslant p \leqslant q<\infty$ и $0<q<p< \infty$, $p\geqslant 1$, а на конусе неотрицательно-невозрастающих и неотрицательно-неубывающих функций при $0<q<\infty$ и $1\leqslant p<\infty$. Здесь предполагается только то, что $K{( \cdot ,\cdot )}\geqslant 0$, но в полученных критериях участвует норма некоторого линейного интегрального оператора из $L_{p,v}$ в $L_{r,w}$ с ядром $K{( \cdot ,\cdot )}$.
Библиография: 28 наименований.
$\mathbb R$-факторизуемость $G$-пространств в категории G-Tych
Authors: Martyanov Evgeny Vyacheslavovich
Published: March 2019

В работе введено понятие и дана характеризация $\mathbb R$-факторизуемости $G$-пространств в категории G-Tych. Для $G$-пространств с $d$-открыто действующими группами установлена эквивалентность $\mathbb R$-факторизуемости и $\mathbb R$-факторизуемости в категории G-Tych. Доказано, что $\mathbb R$-факторизуемое $G$-пространство с транзитивным действием, фазовое пространство которого обладает свойством Бэра, является $\mathbb R$-факторизуемым в категории G-Tych. Показано, что пополнение по Дьедонне $\mathbb R$-факторизуемой группы является фазовым пространством $\mathbb R$-факторизуемого в категории G-Tych $G$-пространства. Дана характеризация $\mathbb R$-факторизуемости в категории G-Tych при переходе к $G$-компактификации.
Библиография: 20 наименований.
Current approach to perioperative nutrition in the ERAS age
Authors: Gündoğu R. Haldun
Published: March 2019

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multidisciplinary and multimodal program designed to minimize the response to surgical trauma and normalize the patient as early as possible. While managing the perioperative process of the patient, ERAS protocols a change from classical and dogma-based treatments to modern concepts with a radical change. Its basic philosophy is to provide early recovery by supporting mobilization and gastrointestinal functions without causing complications. This protocol consists of many different elements, and when they are applied together, they support each other. Nutrition is an important part of ERAS protocols, and it directly affects clinical outcomes. The recommended perioperative nutritional management algorithm for patients to be operated with ERAS protocols starts with a routine nutritional assessment and aims at early oral/enteral feeding at each stage. The aim of this compilation is to review current perioperative nutritional recommendations in the period in which ERAS protocols are adapted to all areas of surgery.Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multidisciplinary and multimodal program designed to minimize the response to surgical trauma and normalize the patient as early as possible. While managing the perioperative process of the patient, ERAS protocols a change from classical and dogma-based treatments to modern concepts with a radical change. Its basic philosophy is to provide early recovery by supporting mobilization and gastrointestinal functions without causing complications. This protocol consists of many different elements, and when they are applied together, they support each other. Nutrition is an important part of ERAS protocols, and it directly affects clinical outcomes. The recommended perioperative nutritional management algorithm for patients to be operated with ERAS protocols starts with a routine nutritional assessment and aims at early oral/enteral feeding at each stage. The aim of this compilation is to review current perioperative nutritional recommendations in the period in which ERAS protocols are adapted to all areas of surgery.
Classification of iron oxide aerosols by a single particle soot photometer using supervised machine learning
Authors: Lamb Kara D.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Single particle soot photometers (SP2) use laser-induced incandescence to detect aerosols on a single particle basis. Both refractory black carbon (rBC) and other light absorbing metallic aerosols, including iron oxides (FeOx), have been characterized by the SP2, but single particles cannot be unambiguously identified from their incandescent peak height (a function of particle mass) and color ratio (a measure of blackbody temperature) alone. Machine learning offers a promising approach to improving the classification of these aerosols. Here we explore the advantages and limitations of classifying single particle signals obtained with the SP2 using a supervised learning algorithm. Laboratory samples of different aerosols that incandesce in the SP2 (fullerene soot, mineral dust, volcanic ash, coal fly ash, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4) were used to train a random forest algorithm. The trained algorithm was then applied to test data sets of laboratory samples and atmospheric aerosols. This method provides a systematic approach for classifying incandescent aerosols by providing a score, or conditional probability, that a particle is likely to belong to a particular aerosol class (rBC, FeOx, etc.) given its observed single-particle features. We consider two alternative approaches for identifying aerosols in mixed populations: one with specific class labels for each species sampled, and one with three broader classes for aerosols with similar properties. While the specific class approach performs well for rBC and Fe3O4 (> = 99 % of these aerosols are correctly identified), its classification of other aerosol types is significantly worse (only 47–66 % of other particles are correctly identified). Using the broader class approach, we find a classification accuracy of 99 % for FeOx samples measured in the laboratory. The method allows for classification of FeOx as anthropogenic or dust-like for aerosols with effective spherical diameters from 170 to > 1200 nm. The misidentification of both dust-like aerosols and rBC as anthropogenic FeOx is small, with
CORDEX-WRF v1.3: development of a module for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to support the CORDEX community
Authors: Fita Lluís , Polcher Jan , Giannaros Theodore M. , Lorenz Torge , Milovac Josipa , Sofiadis Giannis , Katragkou Eleni , Bastin Sophie
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment
(CORDEX) is a scientific effort of the World Climate Research Program (WRCP)
for the coordination of regional climate initiatives. In order to accept an
experiment, CORDEX provides experiment guidelines, specifications of regional
domains, and data access and archiving. CORDEX experiments are important to study
climate at the regional scale, and at the same time, they also have a very
prominent role in providing regional climate data of high quality. Data
requirements are intended to cover all the possible needs of stakeholders
and scientists working on climate change mitigation and adaptation policies
in various scientific communities. The required data and diagnostics are
grouped into different levels of frequency and priority, and some of them even
have to be provided as statistics (minimum, maximum, mean) over different
time periods. Most commonly, scientists need to post-process the raw output
of regional climate models, since the latter was not originally designed to
meet the specific CORDEX data requirements. This post-processing procedure
includes the computation of diagnostics, statistics, and final homogenization
of the data, which is often computationally costly and time-consuming.
Therefore, the development of specialized software and/or code is required.
The current paper presents the development of a specialized module (version 1.3) for the Weather Research
and Forecasting (WRF) model capable of
outputting the required CORDEX variables. Additional diagnostic variables not
required by CORDEX, but of potential interest to the regional climate
modeling community, are also included in the module. “Generic” definitions of
variables are adopted in order to overcome the model and/or physics
parameterization dependence of certain diagnostics and variables, thus
facilitating a robust comparison among simulations. The module is
computationally optimized, and the output is divided into different priority
levels following CORDEX specifications (Core, Tier 1, and additional) by
selecting pre-compilation flags. This implementation of the module does not
add a significant extra cost when running the model; for example, the addition
of the Core variables slows the model time step by less than a 5 %. The use
of the module reduces the requirements of disk storage by about a 50 %. The
module performs neither additional statistics over different periods of time
nor homogenization of the output data.
Upscaling of a local model into a larger-scale model
Authors: Vandenbulcke Luc , Barth Alexander
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Traditionally, in order for lower-resolution, global- or basin-scale
(regional) models to benefit from some of the improvements available in
higher-resolution subregional or coastal models, two-way nesting has to be
used. This implies that the parent and child models have to be run together
and there is an online exchange of information between both models. This
approach is often impossible in operational systems where different model
codes are run by different institutions, often in different countries.
Therefore, in practice, these systems use one-way nesting with data transfer
only from the parent model to the child models. In this article, it is
examined whether it is possible to replace the missing feedback (coming from
the child model) by data assimilation, avoiding the need to run the models
simultaneously. Selected variables from the high-resolution simulation will
be used as pseudo-observations and assimilated into the low-resolution models.
This method will be called “upscaling”. A realistic test case is set up with a model covering the Mediterranean Sea,
and a nested model covering its north-western basin. Under the
hypothesis that the nested model has better prediction skills than the parent
model, the upscaling method is implemented. Two simulations of the parent
model are then compared: the case of one-way nesting (or a stand-alone model)
and a simulation using the upscaling technique on the temperature and
salinity variables. It is shown that the representation of some processes,
such as the Rhône River plume, is strongly improved in the upscaled model
compared to the stand-alone model.
Linked thick- to thin-skinned inversion in the central Kirthar Fold Belt of Pakistan
Authors: Hinsch Ralph , Asmar Chloé , Nasim Muhammad , Abbas Muhammad Asif , Sultan Shaista
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The Kirthar Fold Belt is part of the transpressive transfer zone in Pakistan linking the Makran accretionary wedge with the Himalaya orogeny. The region is deforming very obliquely, nearly parallel to the regional S–N plate motion vector, indicating strong strain partitioning. In the central Kirthar Fold Belt, folds trend roughly N–S and their structural control is poorly understood. In this study, we use newly acquired 2-D seismic data with pre-stack depth migration, published focal mechanisms, surface and subsurface geological data, and structural modelling with restoration and balancing to constrain the structural architecture and kinematics of the Kirthar Fold Belt. The central Kirthar Fold Belt is controlled by Pliocene to recent linked thick-skinned to thin-skinned deformation. The thick-skinned faults are most likely partially inverting rift-related normal faults. Focal mechanisms indicate dip-slip faulting on roughly N–S-trending faults with some dip angles exceeding 40∘, which are considered too steep for newly initiated thrust faults. The hinterland of the study area is primarily dominated by strike-slip faulting. The inverting faults do not break straight through the thick sedimentary column of the post-rift and flexural foreland; rather, the inversion movements link with a series of detachment horizons in the sedimentary cover. Large-scale folding and layer-parallel shortening has been observed in the northern study area. In the southern study area progressive imbrication of the former footwall of the normal fault is inferred. Due to the presence of a thick incompetent upper unit (Eocene Ghazij shales) these imbricates develop as passive roof duplexes. In both sectors the youngest footwall shortcut links with a major detachment and the deformation propagates to the deformation front, forming a large fault-propagation fold. Shortening within the studied sections is calculated to be 18 %–20 %. The central Kirthar Fold Belt is a genuine example of a hybrid thick- and thin-skinned system in which the paleogeography controls the deformation. The locations and sizes of the former rift faults control the location and orientation of the major folds. The complex tectonostratigraphy (rift, post-rift, flexural foreland) and strong E–W gradients define the mechanical stratigraphy, which in turn controls the complex thin-skinned deformation.
Potential faster Arctic sea ice retreat triggered by snowflakes' greenhouse effect
Authors: Li Jui-Lin Frank , Richardson Mark , Lee Wei-Liang , Fetzer Eric , Stephens Graeme , Jiang Jonathan , Hong Yulan , Wang Yi-Hui , Yu Jia-Yuh , Liu Yinghui
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Recent Arctic sea ice retreat has been quicker than in most general circulation model (GCM) simulations. Internal variability may have amplified the observed retreat in recent years, but reliable attribution and projection requires accurate representation of relevant physics. Most current GCMs do not fully represent falling ice radiative effects (FIREs), and here we show that the small set of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models that include FIREs tend to show faster observed retreat. We investigate this using controlled simulations with the CESM1-CAM5 model. Under 1pctCO2 simulations, including FIREs results in the first occurrence of an “ice-free” Arctic (monthly mean extent <1×106 km2) at 550 ppm CO2, compared with 680 ppm otherwise. Over 60–90∘ N oceans, snowflakes reduce downward surface shortwave radiation and increase downward surface longwave radiation, improving agreement with the satellite-based CERES EBAF-Surface dataset. We propose that snowflakes' equivalent greenhouse effect reduces the mean sea ice thickness, resulting in a thinner pack whose retreat is more easily triggered by global warming. This is supported by the CESM1-CAM5 surface fluxes and a reduced initial thickness in perennial sea ice regions by approximately 0.3 m when FIREs are included. This explanation does not apply across the CMIP5 ensemble in which inter-model variation in the simulation of other processes likely dominates. Regardless, we show that FIRE can substantially change Arctic sea ice projections and propose that better including falling ice radiative effects in models is a high priority.
Ice-stream flow switching by up-ice propagation of instabilities along glacial marginal troughs
Authors: Brouard Etienne , Lajeunesse Patrick
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Ice-stream networks constitute the arteries of ice sheets through which large volumes of glacial ice are rapidly delivered from the continent to the ocean. Modifications in ice-stream networks have a major impact on ice sheet mass balance and global sea level. Reorganizations in the drainage network of ice streams have been reported in both modern and paleo-ice sheets and usually result in ice streams switching their trajectory and/or shutting down. While some hypotheses for the reorganization of ice streams have been proposed, the mechanisms that control the switching of ice streams remain poorly understood and documented. Here, we interpret a flow switch in an ice-stream system that occurred prior to the last glaciation on the northeastern Baffin Island shelf (Arctic Canada) through glacial erosion of a marginal trough, i.e., deep parallel-to-coast bedrock moats located up-ice of a cross-shelf trough. Shelf geomorphology imaged by high-resolution swath bathymetry and seismo-stratigraphic data in the area indicate the extension of ice streams from Scott and Hecla & Griper troughs towards the interior of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Up-ice propagation of ice streams through a marginal trough is interpreted to have led to the piracy of the neighboring ice catchment that in turn induced an adjacent ice-stream flow switch and shutdown. These results suggest that competition for ice discharge between the two ice streams, which implies piracy of ice drainage basins via marginal troughs, was the driving mechanism behind ice flow switching. In turn, the enlargement of the ice catchment by piracy increased the volume and discharge of Scott Ice Stream, allowing it to erode deeper and flow farther on the continental shelf. Similar trough systems observed on many other glaciated continental shelves may be the product of such competition for ice discharge between catchments.
El universal lógico como modus concipiendi en Duns Escoto
Authors: Hernando Salinas Leal Héctor
Published: March 2019

En este trabajo se estudia la concepción escotista del universal entendido como universallógico y accidente intencional, cuya función cognitiva se entiende como modo de aprehensión oconcepción de la esencia o naturaleza. El artículo se concentra en analizar las cuestiones 4 y 5 del comentario de Duns Escoto a la Isagoge. Se subraya la relación de los análisis escotistas con lateoría aviceniana del triple estatuto de la esencia sobre el telón de fondo de la teoría boeciana de los universales. Al final del artículo se presenta brevemente el momento ontológico del universal tal comose puede ver en la teoría de la naturaleza común.
Acción y muerte en la Antígona de Hegel
Authors: M. Pérez Berta
Published: March 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer, al hilo de un análisis del texto de la Fenomenologíadel Espíritu que comenta la Antígona de Sófocles, una interpretación del concepto hegeliano de acciónque pone en cuestión la tesis, defendida habitualmente, según la cual Hegel habría pretendido que elconflicto trágico resulta superado por la acción moderna (o el espíritu moderno en general).Ese texto revela que la acción, que comparece ahí como principio absoluto, posee sin embargo unaestructura quebrada y paradójica: necesariamente presupone y niega una instancia en sí, inmediata ysustantiva que, finalmente, oculta la negatividad de la muerte. En la medida en que esa vinculación ala sustancia se demuestra así consustancial a la acción, el trabajo concluye, frente a otras lecturas, que,aun cuando la historia del espíritu haya dejado atrás la “sustancia ética” antigua, la acción (moderna) nopuede liberarse para Hegel del carácter trágico. Por último, defiende el sentido en el que precisamenteesta condición trágica la determina a la vez como destructiva y productiva, capaz de abrir la historia.
Voluntary Turnover Factors in Georgia
Authors: Kekutia Tamar
Published: March 2019

The contemporary world has become VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex and Ambiguous). In the modern world people are quick to change and think quickly. In VUCA world personnel retention is one of the key points for effective, measurable, and successful results of the company’s activity. In rapidly changing environment talents' recruiting and attraction in long-term cooperation is more difficult. Employee resources should be used effectively for the business success and contrary it is important employees’ satisfaction for bilateral relationship and psychological contracting process. The companies should constantly pay attention how to detect personnel drain process effectively to increase business profitability. The best way to avoid personnel job leaving is to identify, analyze, and eliminate the reasons that caused it and try to prevent it. In this research reviewed all the reasons that might have prompted employees to leave the job. In Georgia financial growth and stability of firms depends on the country economic situation. It should be noted that employee financial dissatisfaction is not always the basis searching for a new job. In Georgia environmental macro factors affect to the institutional structure of companies. As time passes the private financially independent companies have staff crisis. The companies have a shortage of qualified candidate in the long run. At the same time continuously search for a new employee, development and professional growth is associated with the new financial expenses. There are different kinds of impact for human encouragement and motivation. The organizations should constantly control how stable human capital they have. There are researchers' opinions that personnel engagement in the modern world has a particular importance and it is easier to keep the employee engaged than satisfied.
Crucibles, Tuyères, and Bellows in aLongue DuréePerspective: Aspects of Technological Style
Authors: Yahalom-Mack Naama
Published: March 2019

The article examines changes in metalworking tools during the second and early first millennia BCE as a reflection of broader cultural and political developments. It is assumed that producers who consistently choose a similar set of production actions belong to the same social and cultural group, and that technological choices are notoriously conservative. Therefore, changes in these choices are significant and could reflect broader societal developments, such as migrations and increasing political control. Based on the development or changes in the components of the metalworking tool kit of crucibles, pot bellows, and tyères, I identify several such changes or turning points, particularly during the transitions from the Middle to the Late Bronze Age and the Iron Age I to Iron Age IIA. I argue that while changes during the former transition reflect the influx of foreigners, changes during the latter transition are also due to considerable internal political change.
n. 9 - EQUIDADE E DESIGUALDADE ESCOLAR EM UM RECORTE DA PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA DA SOCIOLOGIA DA EDUCAÇÃO SOBRE POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS NO BRASIL (2006-2017)
Authors: Ribeiro Vanda Mendes , Bonamino Alicia , Carvalho Cynthia Paes de
Published: March 2019

Este artigo apresenta os primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa que analisa o modo como estudos que investigam políticas de educação básica no Brasiltêm definido e operacionalizado os conceitos de desigualdade escolar e equidade educacional. Foram analisados 55 textos publicados no GT 14 – Sociologia da Educação da Anped, entre 2006 e 2017. A seleção dos textos fez uso de dois critérios: trabalhos que tinham a indicação das palavras-chave “desigualdade”, “desigualdade escolar” e “equidade”; e um “olhar de pertinência” das autoras, a partir da leitura dos resumos.Com base em discussão teórica sobre noções contemporâneas de justiça, que fundamentam os conceitos de equidade e desigualdade escolar, foram estabelecidas duas categorias de análise: 1 - definições e operacionalizações que consideram a perspectiva da redistribuição; 2 - definições e operacionalizações pautadas na noção de reconhecimento.A análise traz indícios de que a Sociologia da Educação que estuda políticas educacionais no país operacionaliza os conceitos de desigualdade ou equidade fazendo uso mais frequente da perspectiva de justiça redistributiva e raramente da concepção de justiça como reconhecimento. O estudo sinaliza para a relevância de a pesquisa sobre políticas de educação básica avançar em direção a um novo enquadramento conceitual, que incorpore as duas perspectivas de justiça tratadas neste texto como referência para os estudos sobre o cumprimento do Direito à Educação no Brasil.
Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don subsp. italicum from Herzegovina
Authors: Talić Stanislava , Odak Ilijana , Martinović Bevanda Anita , Crnjac Nikolina , Paštar Mate
Published: March 2019

The chemical composition of essential oils isolated from immortelle (Helicrysum italicum subsp. italicum) collected in Herzegovina during five different periods, was investigated by GC/MS analysis. The main compounds were a-pinene (15.7 %) and γ-curcumene (12.8 %), followed by 4,6,9-trimethyldec-8-en-3,5-dione (8.7 %), neryl acetate (6.9 %), limonene (6.4 %) and β-selinene (5.3 %). In total, 69 components were identified whose share changed over the vegetative cycle. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of immortelle were determined according to DPPH (IC50 = 23–34 μg/mL) and FRAP (29 μg/mL is equivalent to 1.1‒2.2 mM Fe2+) methods. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential, investigated by modified Ellman’s assay and determined as IC50 values, were 340–440 μg/mL for methanol extracts and 135 μg/mL for essential oil. Metanolic extracts showed strong antioxidant activity and potential to inhibit AChE. Essential oil possesses complex chemical composition, inhibition activity of AChE and weak antioxidant capacity.
The Sports in Training the Learners with Special Needs
Authors: Baltabayev E. , Saidakov E. , Telakhynov E. , Mendigaliyeva Sh.A. , Kulzhabayev A.
Published: March 2019

Sport has relatively recently ceased to be an applied institution of social life. If earlier the sport had a strictlydefined additional orientation (for example, it served the purposes of increasing the combat training of the army), thenafter the Second World War, sport becomes a means of demonstrating the prestige of the state, reaching theinternational level. Sport becomes a professional activity and an independent direction of the commercial life of thesociety.This paper is a preliminary research which gathers quantitative and qualitative information about social bonding for twocategories of stake-holders: intellectually disabled athletes and partners from mainstream schools, training andcompeting in unique teams. This approach aimed at: identifying the perception of self-concept and self-esteem among IDathletes in relation to their social integration, determining the way ID athletes think they are perceived by their schoolfriends and partners within Special Olympics events, identifying the positive effects on both personal and social levels,by participating in Sports events, identifying the partners’ perception related to the athletes’ abilities and possibility toadvocate in this respect.All data confirmed that regular training and Sports competition attendance leads to greater social inclusion, an interestingself-concept and self-esteem perception of the athletes, as well as certain inside ways of viewing the positive outcomesof delivering such educational programs.
Daptomycin versus Vancomycin as Post-Operative Empirical Antibiotic Treatment for Prosthetic Joint Infections: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Joseph C , Robineau O , Titecat M , Putman S , Blondiaux N , Loiez C , Valette M , Schmit JL , Beltrand E , Dézeque H , Nguyen S , Migaud H , Senneville E
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Purpose: To compare safety and efficacy of Vancomycin (Van) versus Daptomycin (Dap) as post-operative empirical antibiotic treatment (PEAT) in patients with periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs).Methods: Medical charts of patients treated empirically with Van or Dap in the post-operative period of total hip/knee prosthesis septic revision until the results of intra-operative culture were reviewed. Cefotaxime, cefepime or aztreonam were used in combination with Dap or Van.Results: Twenty Dap patients were matched with 20 other Van patients according to the age and type of prosthesis. The ASA score and the distribution of the pathogens was similar in the two groups especially regarding the number of methicillin-resistant staphylococci. The mean duration of the PEAT was 6.07 ± 0.85 days. A total of 17 episodes of adverse events (AE) in 10 patients (25%) were recorded during the PEAT which led to discontinue the treatment in 5 patients, all of them treated with Van (P=0.02). At the end of a mean post-treatment follow-up of 618 +/- 219 days, 36 patients remained in remission of infection; 2 patients failed in each group.Conclusions: Our observations suggest that PEAT with Van for septic revision of PJIs is associated with a higher discontinuation rate due to AE but with a similar outcome than it is with Dap.
Quarante ans de participation publique en environnement, aménagement du territoire et urbanisme au Québec : entre expression des conflits et gestion consensuelle
Authors: Bherer Laurence , Gauthier Mario , Simard Louis
Published: March 2019

En près de 40 ans, les revendications pour plus de participation et de transparence, ainsi que la diffusion du principe de développement durable ont profondément transformé les secteurs de l’environnement, de l’aménagement du territoire et de l’urbanisme. Au fil des décennies, divers types de dispositifs de participation publique ont vu le jour dans ces deux secteurs d’activité qui ont permis de démocratiser le rapport gouvernants / gouvernés et la relation entre les pouvoirs publics et la société civile. À partir d’une grille d’analyse axée sur deux dimensions – ouverture / fermeture et antagoniste / consensuel – nous analysons les différents dispositifs de participation publique à l’oeuvre dans ces deux secteurs. L’analyse tend à montrer que : 1) au cours des 40 dernières années, les dispositifs participatifs se sont multipliés ; 2) aux dispositifs participatifs traditionnels permettant l’expression des conflits et des oppositions se sont progressivement ajoutés des dispositifs davantage orientés vers la recherche du consensus et la résolution des conflits ; 3) de nos jours, ces deux grandes catégories de dispositifs cohabitent et peuvent parfois apparaître comme étant complémentaires et parfois comme étant contradictoires.