bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate digital transformation, internal control and total factor productivity
Authors: Li Xiao , Zhao Feiyang , Zhao Zhiquan
Published: March 2024

Based on Resource-based theory and Internal Control (IC) theory, this study elucidates the impacts of corporate digital transformation on total factor productivity, and IC effectiveness, as well as the mechanism among digital transformation, IC and total factor productivity. The results show that digital transformation promotes total factor productivity and IC effectiveness. And effective IC has a significant mediating effect for the impact of digital transformation on total factor productivity. Heterogeneity discussion shows that compared with high-tech enterprises, in non-high-tech ones, digital transformation increases total factor productivity, and more significantly enhances IC effectiveness, presenting a mechanism that digital transformation facilitates IC, and increases total factor productivity. For non-high-tech enterprises, with higher heterogeneity of executive education backgrounds, digital transformation promotes IC effectiveness and total factor productivity, showing the transmission effect among digital transformation, IC and total factor productivity. Finally, it is suggested that the regulatory authorities advance digital infrastructure construction, to reinforce IC and risk prevention, thereby increase total factor productivity. And enterprises grasp the opportunity of digital economy development, promote the mechanism that digital transformation facilitates IC effectiveness, and increases total factor productivity. Non-high-tech ones motivate digital elements’ governance efficacy, optimize executive structure, coordinately promote digital strategy, and help the national economy acquire high-quality development. The study provides enlightenments to achieve high-quality development.
Identification of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) and South American crops introduced during early settlement of Rapa Nui (Easter Island), as revealed through starch analysis
Authors: Berenguer Paloma , Clavero Claudia , Saldarriaga-Córdoba Mónica , Rivera-Hutinel Antonio , Seelenfreund Daniela , Martinsson-Wallin Helene , Castañeda Patricia , Seelenfreund Andrea
Published: March 2024

Starch residue analysis was carried out on stone tools recovered from the bottom layer of the Anakena site on Rapa Nui (Easter Island). These deposits have been dated to AD 1000–1300 AD and so far, represent the earliest evidence of human settlement on this island. Twenty obsidian tools were analyzed. Analysis of 46 starch grains recovered from 20 obsidian tools from the earliest dated level of the Anakena site on Rapa Nui provides direct evidence for translocation of traditional crop plants at initial stages of the colonization of this island. The analysis of starch grains was based mainly on statistical methods for species identification but was complemented by visual inspection in some cases. Our results identify taxons previously unknown to have been cultivated on the island, such as breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis),Zingiber officinale(ginger), and starch grains of theSpondias dulcisandInocarpus fagifertropical trees. Additionally, starch grains ofColocasia esculenta(taro) andDioscoreasp. (yam), both common species in Pacific agriculture, were identified. Furthermore, the presence of four American taxaIpomoea batatas(sweet potato),Canna sp. (achira),Manihot esculenta(manioc), andXanthosomasp., was detected. The occurrence ofCanna sp.,M.esculenta, andXanthosomasp. starch grains suggests the translocation of previously not described South American cultivars into the Pacific. The detection ofI.batatasfrom this site in Rapa Nui constitutes the earliest record of this cultigen in the Pacific. Our study provides direct evidence for translocation of a set of traditional Polynesian and South American crop plants at the initial stages of colonization in Rapa Nui.
Foraging behaviour and ecology of transient killer whales within a deep submarine canyon system
Authors: McInnes Josh D. , Lester Kevin M. , Dill Lawrence M. , Mathieson Chelsea R. , West-Stap Peggy J. , Marcos Stephanie L. , Trites Andrew W.
Published: March 2024

Transient killer whales have been documented hunting marine mammals across a variety of habitats. However, relatively little has been reported about their predatory behaviours near deep submarine canyons and oceanic environments. We used a long-term database of sightings and encounters with these predators in and around the Monterey Submarine Canyon, California to describe foraging behaviour, diet, seasonal occurrence, and habitat use patterns. Transient killer whales belonging to the outer coast subpopulation were observed within the study area 261 times from 2006–2021. Occurrences, behaviours, and group sizes all varied seasonally, with more encounters occurring in the spring as grey whales migrated northward from their breeding and calving lagoons in Mexico (March-May). Groups of killer whales foraged exclusively in open water, with individuals within the groups following the contours of the submarine canyon as they searched for prey. Focal follows revealed that killer whales spent 51% of their time searching for prey (26% of their time along the shelf-break and upper slope of the canyon, and 25% in open water). The remainder of their time was spent pursuing prey (10%), feeding (23%), travelling (9%), socializing (6%), and resting (1%). Prey species during 87 observed predation events included California sea lions, grey whale calves, northern elephant seals, minke whales, common dolphins, Pacific white-sided dolphins, Dall’s porpoise, harbour porpoise, harbour seals, and sea birds. The calculated kill rates (based on 270 hours of observing 50 predation events) were 0.26 California sea lions per killer whale over 24 hours, 0.11 grey whale calves, and 0.15 for all remaining prey species combined. These behavioural observations provide insights into predator-prey interactions among apex predators over submarine canyons and deep pelagic environments.
Cat and dog owners’ expectations and attitudes towards advanced veterinary care (AVC) in the UK, Austria and Denmark
Authors: Corr Sandra A. , Lund Thomas Bøker , Sandøe Peter , Springer Svenja
Published: March 2024

Modern veterinary medicine offers a level of care to cats and dogs similar to that available to their owners, including blood transfusions, chemotherapy and MRI scans. The potential benefits to the animals of owners who can afford such care are obvious, but there can also be negative consequences if owners with strong emotional attachments to their pets pursue treatments that significantly reduce the quality of the animal’s life while attempting to prolong it. Moreover, caring for a chronically or seriously ill animal can lead to emotional distress and financial and practical challenges for the pet owner. A questionnaire was used to survey cat and dog owners from representative samples of citizens in the UK, Austria and Denmark, to investigate owners’ expectations and attitudes towards advanced veterinary care, and the factors that might influence those views. Overall, 58.4% of the pet owners surveyed believed that their pets should have access to the same treatment options as humans, while 51.5% believed that they should have access to the same diagnostic tests as humans. Owners were most likely to be neutral on the question of whether advanced veterinary care has ‘gone too far’ (45.3%), and to disagree with the statement that advanced care is ‘unnecessary’ (40.1%). In all three countries, the level of attachment owners had to their pets was most strongly associated with attitudes towards advanced care, with owners scoring higher on Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale (LAPS) being more likely to expect advanced care to be available. Other factors such as owner age, living situation (alone or not), income or possession of pet insurance were less consistently with owner attitudes. Our findings will help inform veterinarians and other health care providers about pet owner expectations and attitudes towards advanced veterinary care, and contribute to the debate on increasing specialisation within the profession.
Long-term results of transferring the patient from therapy with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in combination with metformin to a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor in combination with pioglitazone and inhibitor of type 2 sodium-glucose cotransporter in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Salukhov V. V. , Shipilova D. A. , Minakov A. A.
Published: March 2024

The pioglitazone belongs to the class of antidiabetic medications and has various pleiotropic effects. The evidence base for this medication, based on the results of randomized clinical trials, demonstrates convincing cardio- and cerebroprotective efficacy of pioglitazone, comparable to innovative glucose-lowering drugs from the classes of GLP-1 agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors. Currently, in Russia, a fixed combination of pioglitazone and alogliptin is available. However, it should be noted that there has been a recent lack of GLP-1 agonists on the domestic pharmaceutical market, which raises questions about the choice of further tactics for patients who have been taking them until recently.

This clinical case presents an example of the transformation of glucose-lowering therapy from a combined treatment regimen with semaglutide and metformin to the combined use of a fixed combination of alogliptin and pioglitazone with empagliflozin. Against the background of therapy change, a stable and pronounced glucose-lowering effect was obtained and confirmed after six months, comparable to GLP-1 receptor agonists without the effect of escape and hypoglycemia. No edema or weight gain was observed, and no other adverse events were detected, which allowed continuing the chosen glucose-lowering therapy. Strategic perspectives of the prescribed therapy were determined — reducing cardio- and cerebrovascular risk and improving the patient’s prognosis.
Clinical prediction model for MODY type diabetes mellitus in children
Authors: Laptev D. N. , Sechko E. A. , Romanenkova E. M. , Eremina I. A. , Bezlepkina O. B. , Peterkova V. A. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: MODY (maturity-onset diabetes of the young) is a rare monogenic form of diabetes mellitus, the gold standard of diagnosis is mutations detection in the genes responsible for the development of this form diabetes. Genetic test is expensive and takes a lot of time. The diagnostic criteria for MODY are well known. The development of clinical decision support system (CDSS) which allows physicians based on clinical data to determine who should have molecular genetic testing is relevant.

AIM: Provided a retrospective analysis of clinical data of the patients with T1DM and MODY, from 0 to 18 years old, regardless of the duration of the disease to develop the model. Based on clinical data, a feedforward neural network (NN) was implemented - a multilayer perceptron.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Development of the most effective algorithm for predicting MODY in children based on available clinical indicators of 1710 patients with diabetes under the age of 18 years using a multilayer feedforward neural network.

RESULTS: The sample consisted of 1710 children under the age of 18 years with T1DM (78%) and MODY (22%) diabetes. For the final configuration of NS the following predictors were selected: gender, age at passport age, age at the diagnosis with DM, HbA1c, BMI SDS, family history of DM, treatment. The performance (quality) assessment of the NN was carried out on a test sample (the area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristics) curve reached 0.97). The positive predictive value of PCPR was achieved at a cut-off value of 0.40 (predicted probability of MODY diabetes 40%). At which the sensitivity was 98%, specificity 93%, PCR with prevalence correction was 78%, and PCR with prevalence correction was 99%, the overall accuracy of the model was 94%.

Based on the NN model, a CDSS was developed to determine whether a patient has MODY diabetes, implemented as an application.

CONCLUSION: The clinical prediction model MODY developed in this work based on the NN, uses the clinical characteristic available for each patient to determine the probability of the patient having MODY. The use of the developed model in clinical practice will assist in the selection of patients for diagnostic genetic testing for MODY, which will allow for the efficient allocation of healthcare resources, the selection of personalized treatment and patient monitoring.
Hypoglycemic episodes among type 1 diabetic patients in Unaizah, Saudi Arabia: causes, management, and associated factors
Authors: Aldekheel S.K.S. , Shahin M.A.S.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent condition in Saudi Arabia, with approximately 20% of the adult population affected, ranking sixth highest in the world. This disease is associated with both acute and chronic complications. Among these complications, hypoglycemia is particularly dangerous and can occur during diabetes treatment. Individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes may experience multiple episodes of asymptomatic or symptomatic hypoglycemia per week.

AIM: To assess the frequency of hypoglycemic episodes and identify associated factors among individuals with type 1 diabetes in Unaizah City, Saudi Arabia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive research design was employed in April and May of 2023. A convenience sample of 280 type 1 diabetic clients living in the Qassim region of Unaizah City was selected. Participants completed an electronic structured questionnaire that collected information on sociodemographic factors and hypoglycemia-related data. Descriptive statistics and a Chi-square test were used for data analysis, utilizing SPSS version 23. Ethical considerations were strictly adhered to throughout the study.

RESULTS: The findings revealed that over two-thirds of the participants (72.1%) reported experiencing hypoglycemic episodes within the past week. Furthermore, more than one-fifth of these individuals attributed the cause of the episodes to high insulin doses (21%). Seeking medical assistance to change medications for hypoglycemia was reported by more than half of the participants (55.4%), while less than half received help from others during hypoglycemic episodes (42.9%). It was observed that adherence to diabetic medication was higher than adherence to diabetic diet and exercise regimens. Males, as well as single or divorced participants, reported a higher frequency of hypoglycemic episodes. Additionally, patients with higher levels of education and those residing in rural regions reported a higher exposure to hypoglycemic episodes.

CONCLUSION: The effective management of hypoglycemia necessitates patient education and awareness regarding its causes and symptoms. Targeted interventions are required to improve adherence to therapeutic regimens and lifestyle modifications. Furthermore, when managing hypoglycemia, it is important to consider the gender, marital status, educational level, and residence of diabetic patients.
Las redes mexicanas de tráfico humano frente al fenómeno caravanero
Authors: Izcara Palacios Simón Pedro
Published: March 2024

El debate en torno al impacto de caravanas de migrantes en el negocio del tráfico humano ha sido intenso en la academia, en los medios de comunicación y en el discurso oficial. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar cómo han impactado las caravanas de migrantes centroamericanos en las redes mexicanas de tráfico humano. Entre 2019 y 2023 se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a 30 traficantes de migrantes en cinco entidades federativas de México. Las caravanas favorecieron el negocio del coyotaje, principalmente a quienes operaban redes simples y a quienes se encontraban a cargo del último eslabón de las redes complejas. Como contraste, algunos traficantes que operaban en las áreas más meridionales de México se quedaron desempleados. Las caravanas también produjeron una feminización de la clientela de los traficantes, y condujeron a un mayor uso de instrumentos de ocultamiento del trasiego de migrantes, como el transporte en tráileres.
Why the generative AI models do not like the right to be forgotten: a study of proportionality of identified limitations
Authors: Anna Popowicz-Pazdej Anna
Published: March 2024

The article explores the limitation of one of the privacy and data protection rights when using generative AI models. The identified limitation is assessed from the perspective of the ‘essence’ of the right to the protection of personal data. With the further aim of assessing the limitation, the author explores whether the right to be forgotten (RTBF) is relevant or effective in an AI/machine learning context. These considerations are focused on the technical problems encountered when applying the strict interpretation of the RTBF. In particular, the antagonism between, on the one hand, the values of privacy and data protection rights, and on the other, the technical capabilities of the producer of the generative AI models, is further analysed in this context. As the conclusion emphasizes that the RTBF cannot be practicably or effectively exercised in the machine learning models, further considerations of this exposed limitation are presented. The proportionality principle, as an instrument that supports the proper application if there is any limitation of the conflicting rights, has been utilized to depict the qualitative approach. The integration of this principle supports the conclusion by identifying a more efficient way to address some regulatory issues. Hence, the conclusion of the article presents some suggested solutions as to the interpretation of this right in the light of this new technological advancement. Ultimately, the paper aims to address the legal conundrum of how to balance the conflict between the interest of innovative use of the data (the data producer’s right) and privacy and data protection rights.
Hybrid approach for cost estimation of sustainable building projects using artificial neural networks
Authors: Al-Somaydaii Jumaa A. , Albadri Aminah T. , Al-Zwainy Faiq M. S.
Published: March 2024

Inaccurate estimation in sustainable construction projects is a significant challenge for appraisers, particularly when data and knowledge about the projects are lacking. As a result, there is a need to use cutting-edge technology to solve the issue of estimation inaccuracy. Iraq’s productivity estimates are now made using outdated, ineffective methodologies and procedures. In addition, it is essential to implement cutting-edge, quick, precise, and adaptable technology for productivity estimation. This study’s major goal is to calculate the overall costs of sustainable buildings using the cutting-edge technique known as artificial neural networks (ANNs). For Iraq’s construction industry to handle projects successfully, ANNs must be used as a new technology, a methodology developed to estimate the overall costs of sustainable construction projects. In this study, the process of cost estimation was modeled using ANNs. Investigations of a number of examples involving the creation of ANNs have also been made, including network design and internal elements and how much they impact the effectiveness of models built using ANNs. Equations were developed to determine structural productivity. These networks were shown to have extremely strong predictive power for both accounting coefficients (R) (93.33%) and the overall costs of sustainable construction projects, with a prediction accuracy of 87.00 and 93.33%, respectively.
Association of serum NF-κB levels with peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a pilot study
Authors: Priyadarsini Nibedita , Ramachandran Madumathy , Behera Kishore K. , Kiran Sheetal , Devi Sujata
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Hyperglycaemia-induced inflammation plays a vital role in the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Recent evidences had reported the involvement of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) in diabetic experimental models. So, this pilot study aimed to evaluate serum NF-κB levels in DPN patients.

Methods

We recruited 50 T2DM patients, of which 25 were T2DM with neuropathy and 25 were T2DM without neuropathy. In all the participants peripheral neuropathy was diagnosed based on Total neuropathy score (TNS). Serum NF-κB levels were measured by ELISA.

Results

We observed that the serum NF-κB levels were higher in DPN patients in comparison to T2DM patients without neuropathy. On spearman correlation, a positive correlation was found between serum NF-κB levels and TNS in the DPN group (r=0.741, p<0.001). The regression model shows the TNS to be an independent determinant of serum NF-κB levels after adjustment for potential confounders like age, duration of diabetes, and HbA1C (B=81.34; p<0.001).

Conclusions

NF-κB activation plays a key role in promoting inflammation which is associated with the progression of DPN. In this respect, the study of NF-κB levels in serum may be an additional diagnostic marker for DPN.
The nongenomic neuroprotective effects of estrogen, E2-BSA, and G1 following traumatic brain injury: PI3K/Akt and histopathological study
Authors: Amirkhosravi Ladan , Khaksari Mohammad , Sanjari Mojgan , Khorasani Parisa
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Studies suggest that both genomic and nongenomic pathways are involved in mediating the salutary effects of steroids following traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study investigated the nongenomic effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) mediated by the PI3K/p-Akt pathway after TBI.

Methods

Ovariectomized rats were apportioned to E2, E2-BSA (E2 conjugated to bovine serum albumin), G1 [G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor agonist (GPER)] or their vehicle was injected following TBI, whereas ICI (classical estrogen receptor antagonist), G15 (GPER antagonist), ICI + G15, and their vehicles were injected before the induction of TBI and injection of drugs. Diffuse TBI was induced by the Marmarou model. Evans blue (EBC, 5 h), brain water contents (BWC), histopathological changes, and brain PI3K and p-Akt protein expressions were measured 24 h after TBI. The veterinary comma scale (VCS) was assessed before and at different times after TBI.

Results

The results showed a reduction in BWC and EBC and increased VCS in the E2, E2-BSA, and G1 groups. Also, E2, E2-BSA, and G1 reduced brain edema, inflammation, and apoptosis. The ICI and G15 inhibited the beneficial effects of E2, E2-BSA, and G1 on these parameters. All drugs, following TBI, prevented the reduction of brain PI3K/p-Akt expression. The individual or combined use of ICI and G15 eliminated the beneficial effects of E2, E2-BSA, and G1 on PI3K/p-Akt expressions.

Conclusions

These findings indicated that PI3K/p-Akt pathway plays a critical role in mediating the salutary effects of estradiol on histopathological changes and neurological outcomes following TBI, suggesting that GPER and classic ERs are involved in regulating the expression of PI3K/p-Akt.
Photo-thermo-optical modulation of Raman scattering from Mie-resonant silicon nanostructures
Authors: Vikram Mor Pal , Nishida Kentaro , Li Chien-Hsuan , Riabov Daniil , Pashina Olesiya , Tang Yu-Lung , Makarov Sergey V. , Takahara Junichi , Petrov Mihail I. , Chu Shi-Wei
Published: March 2024

Raman scattering is sensitive to local temperature and thus offers a convenient tool for non-contact and non-destructive optical thermometry at the nanoscale. In turn, all-dielectric nanostructures, such as silicon particles, exhibit strongly enhanced photothermal heating due to Mie resonances, which leads to the strong modulation of elastic Rayleigh scattering intensity through subsequent thermo-optical effects. However, the influence of the complex photo-thermo-optical effect on inelastic Raman scattering has yet to be explored for resonant dielectric nanostructures. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate that the strong photo-thermo-optical interaction results in the nonlinear dependence of the Raman scattering signal intensity from a crystalline silicon nanoparticle via the thermal reconfiguration of the resonant response. Our results reveal a crucial role of the Mie resonance spectral sensitivity to temperature, which modifies not only the conversion of the incident light into heat but also Raman scattering efficiency. The developed comprehensive model provides the mechanism for thermal modulation of Raman scattering, shedding light on the photon–phonon interaction physics of resonant material, which is essential for the validation of Raman nanothermometry in resonant silicon structures under a strong laser field.
Conscious walk assessment for the joint evaluation of the soundscape, air quality, biodiversity, and comfort in Barcelona
Authors: Alsina-Pagès Rosa Ma , Parés Ma Eulàlia , Vidaña-Vila Ester , Freixes Marc , Garcia Danielly , Arnela Marc , Martínez-Suquía Carmen , Serra Oriol , Ferrandiz-Rovira Mariona
Published: March 2024

High environmental noise as well as poor biodiversity and air pollution pose significant challenges for the European population, particularly those residing in urban areas, impacting clearly on citizens’ health. The Conscious Walk initiative stands for an innovative hybrid approach to analyse citizens’ perception of their environment. Being a citizen science participative project, Conscious Walks involves both citizens and scientists collecting high-quality acoustic, chemical, biodiversity, and comfort data while walking in pre-analysed urban environments. The main objective of this proposal is to obtain comprehensive data encompassing both subjective and objective aspects related to soundscape, air quality, biodiversity, and urban comfort. All these elements are closely tied to the overall acoustic environmental quality of the places under study. The effectiveness of this methodology has been tested in various locations in Catalonia, including Sabadell and Barcelona. This contribution focuses on the evaluation of the soundscape in the urban centre of Barcelona, with a comprehensive analysis that integrates data collected by both citizens and scientists during Conscious Walks, air quality metrics, biodiversity, and human comfort information.
Elucidating the role of ZRF1 in monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, cell proliferation and cell cycle in THP-1 cells
Authors: Kaymak Ozdemir Aysegul , Basci Mahinur
Published: March 2024

Objectives

ZRF1 (Zuotin-related factor 1) is a versatile protein engaged in protein folding, gene regulation, cellular differentiation, DNA damage response, and immune system and cancer development regulation. This study investigates the role of ZRF1 in monocyte-to-macrophage transformation, and its effects on cell proliferation and the cell cycle.

Methods

We generated ZRF1-depleted THP-1 cells and induced macrophage differentiation using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Differentiation was assessed via microscopy and flow cytometry, while cell proliferation was quantified with the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt] (MTS) assay, and the cell cycle was analyzed through flow cytometry using propidium iodide staining.

Results

ZRF1-depleted THP-1 cells exhibited notable morphological changes. Flow cytometry post-PMA treatment indicated these cells were smaller and less granular than controls. Proliferation rates of ZRF1-depleted monocytes and macrophages were significantly higher than controls, particularly over longer durations. Cell cycle analysis showed ZRF1 depletion notably affected the G0-G1 phase, highlighting its significant role in macrophage differentiation.

Conclusions

The findings provide important insights into ZRF1’s role in monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and its impact on cell proliferation and the cell cycle. This research not only supports existing knowledge about ZRF1 but also enhances our understanding of its multifaceted roles in cellular processes.
Experimental Study on the Damage of Bridge Concrete in a Fire Environment Based on the Impact Echo Method
Authors: Shen Yan Peng
Published: March 2024

To accurately assess the damage degree of bridge structures in a fire environment, fire damage test studies were conducted on the C30 and C50 concrete specimens at different temperatures (room temperature, 100°C∼700°C) based on the impact echo method. In addition, the variation rules of mass, impact echo signal, dynamic modulus of elasticity Ed, and static and dynamic modulus of elasticity ratios (Ec/Ed) with overfire temperature were obtained. The results show the following: (1) at ablation temperature ≤ 300°C, the main frequency of the impact echo signal is single, the peak value is obvious, the signal attenuation is fast, and the change is uniform; at ablation temperature > 300°C, the main frequency is frequent, there is more than one peak, and the vibration duration of the phenomenon is longer. (2) After fire damage, the specimen’s dynamic modulus of elasticity Ed is in a cubic relationship with the overfire temperature. (3) In engineering practice, the static and dynamic modulus of elasticity (Ec/Ed) ratio is classically based on Lydon and Balendran’s formula, which is usually used for derivation at room temperature. This article found that the formula can be extended to the rough estimation at lower temperatures (≤200°C), and the model proposed in this article can be used for the derivation of the static modulus of elasticity Ec and the dynamic modulus of elasticity Ed at high temperatures. In summary, the impact echo method can be used to quantitatively assess the damage state of bridges after fire. After the signal time-frequency domain conversion, a qualitative assessment of the degree of concrete damage can be made. Furthermore, a quantitative assessment of bridge concrete after fire damage can be made using the model proposed in this article.
The Importance of Cared for Diversity through Multicultural Education at School Medan
Authors: Aricindy Argitha , Wasino Wasino , Atmaja Hamdan Tri
Published: March 2024

Multiculturalism is a concept that is addressed to a society in the context of nationality to recognize diversity, pluralism, and diversity of races, cultures, ethnicities, and religions. The purpose of this study is to describe the model of multicultural education at the Sultan Iskandar Muda educational foundation school and to examine further the concepts and practices of holistic multicultural education. The type of research conducted is qualitative research using an ethnographic approach. Locations conducted during the study were in the area around Medan at the Sultan Iskandar Muda College Foundation, Jalan Sunggal, the informants were appointed by the Principal, Teachers, Students. The results of this study are that the application of multicultural education at YPSIM provides a belief and explanation that examines and assesses the importance of cultural and ethnic diversity in lifestyle, social experience, personal identity, educational opportunities of individuals, groups and countries. The concept of holistic multicultural education can be seen through the school's vision and policies, leadership and management, capacity and culture and school culture. So that later multicultural education can be integrated with existing subjects in schools to realize the values of tolerance, pluralism, nationalism and anti-discrimination.
Loss of KLF15 impairs endometrial receptivity by inhibiting EMT in endometriosis
Authors: Huang Yaxiong , Wang Zihan , Li Bin , Ke Lina , Xiong Yao , Zhang Yuanzhen
Published: March 2024

The impaired endometrial receptivity is a major factor contributing to infertility in patients with endometriosis (EM), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the role of Kruppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) in endometrial receptivity and its regulation in EM. We observed a significant decrease in KLF15 expression in the mid-secretory epithelial endometrial cells of EM patients compared to normal females without EM. To confirm the role of KLF15 in endometrial receptivity, we found a significantly reduced KLF15 expression and a significant decrease in embryo implantation number in the rat model via uterine horn infection with siRNA. This highlights the importance of KLF15 as a regulator receptivity. Furthermore, through ChIP-qPCR, we discovered that the progesterone receptor (PR) directly binds to KLF15 promoter regions, indicating that progesterone resistance may mediate the decrease in KLF15 expression in EM patients. Additionally, we found that the mid-secretory endometrium of EM patients exhibited impaired epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Knockdown of KLF15 upregulated E-cadherin and downregulated vimentin expression, leading to inhibited invasiveness and migration of Ishikawa cells. Overexpression KLF15 promotes EMT, invasiveness, and migration ability, and increases the attachment rate of JAR cells to Ishikawa cells. Through RNA-seq analysis, we identified TWIST2 as a downstream gene of KLF15. We confirmed that KLF15 directly binds to the promoter region of TWIST2 via ChIP-qPCR, promoting epithelial cell EMT during the establishment of endometrial receptivity. Our study reveals the involvement of KLF15 in the regulation of endometrial receptivity and its downstream effects on EMT. These findings provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic approaches for treating non-receptive endometrium in patients with EM.
Fenomena Maraknya Rasa Ketergantungan Peserta Didik Terhadap Kecerdasan Buatan
Authors: KURNIAWATI NUR INDAH
Published: March 2024

Technology that is very developed at this time affects many aspects of life, including in the field of education. One of the rapidly developing technologies is artificial intelligence, which is inseparable from the teaching and learning process. There are various impacts arising from this very rapid technological development, namely the convenience obtained by humans from the existence of artificial intelligence. The researcher took the topic of the problem of whether students' dependence on artificial intelligence can make it difficult for students to solve their own problems. The topic was studied because the researcher wanted to find out whether students' dependence on artificial intelligence could affect students' decision making. The research method used in this study is a qualitative approach by collecting data through literature study. This article shows that the higher the sense of dependence on artificial intelligence, the more it makes learners lose confidence in their ability to solve problems. This thesis statement is the same as the opinion of Gumgum gumelar, Aji Cokro Dewanto, Pyndho Cevin Taraya, Aji Prasetya Wibawa and different from the opinion of Danny Manongga et al, Paulus Wisnu Yudoprakoso, Bambang Karyadi.
Genetic diversity of Sinapis arvensis L. (wild mustard) in Türkiye determined by microsatellite markers
Authors: Güzel Okan , Kaya Altop Emine
Published: March 2024

Wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) is a self-fertilizing weed species that exerts negative impacts on wheat production and herbicides are intensively used to manage it. Cross-fertilization may lead to genetic differentiation in this species. Therefore, this study investigated genetic diversity among wild mustard populations collected from wheat fields across various regions in Türkiye. Genetic variation was evaluated using 5 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in populations collected from 30 different locations. Populations were analyzed using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) and principal component analysis (PCA). The mean genetic diversity (GD) and polymorphism information content (PIC) values were 0.752 and 0.844, respectively. High genetic variability was recorded among populations within geographic locations. The populations were categorized into two major groups by UPGMA. There was no apparent geographic isolation among tested populations, which displayed a high degree of variability. The primary source of this variability is thought to be the adaptability of wild mustard seeds dispersed through various methods across diverse locations. Despite being a predominantly self-pollinating species, wild mustard may also employ some cross-pollination mechanisms. In conclusion, SSR markers proved useful in determining genetic diversity in outcrossing species, especially where no prior genotypic information is available. The study suggests that genetic diversity is maintained in wild mustard populations even with rotational farming practices and intensive use of herbicides.
Development of an Integrated Bioprocess System for Bioethanol and Arabitol Production from Sugar Beet Cossettes
Authors: Novak Mario , Marđetko Nenad , Trontel Antonija , Pavlečić Mladen , Kelemen Zora , Perković Lucija , Petravić Tominac Vlatka , Šantek Božidar
Published: March 2024

Research background. An innovative integrated bioprocess system for bioethanol production from raw sugar beet cossettes (SBC) and arabitol from remaining exhausted sugar beet cossettes (ESBC) was studied. This integrated three-stage bioprocess system is an example of the biorefinery concept to maximise the use of raw SBC for the production of high value-added products such as sugar alcohols and bioethanol.
Experimental approach. The first stage of the integrated bioprocess system was simultaneous sugar extraction from SBC and its alcoholic fermentation to produce bioethanol in an integrated bioreactor system (vertical column bioreactor and stirred tank bioreactor) containing a high-density suspension of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (30 g/L). The second stage was the pretreatment of ESBC with dilute sulfuric acid to release fermentable sugars. The resulting liquid hydrolysate of ESBC was used in the third stage as a nutrient medium for arabitol production by non-Saccharomyces yeasts (Spathaspora passalidarum CBS 10155 and Spathaspora arborariae CBS 11463).
Results and conclusions. The obtained results show that the efficiency of bioethanol production increased with increasing temperature and prolonged residence time in the integrated bioreactor system. The maximum bioethanol production efficiency (87.22 %) was observed at a time of 60 min and a temperature of 36 °C. Further increase in residence time (above 60 min) did not result in the significant increase of bioethanol production efficiency. Weak acid hydrolysis was used for ESBC pretreatment and the highest sugar yield was reached at 200 °C and residence time of 1 min. The inhibitors of the weak acid pretreatment were produced below bioprocess inhibition threshold. The use of the obtained liqiud phase of ESBC hydrolysate for the production of arabitol in the stirred tank bioreactor under constant aeration clearly showed that S. passalidarum CBS 10155 with 8.48 g/L of arabitol (YP/S=0.603 g/g and bioprocess productivity of 0.176 g/(L·h)) is a better arabitol producer than Spathaspora arborariae CBS 10155.
Novelty and scientific contribution. An innovative integrated bioprocess system for the production of bioethanol and arabitol was developed based on the biorefinery concept. This three-stage bioprocess system shows great potential for maximum use of SBC as a feedstock for bioethanol and arabitol production and it could be an example of a sustainable ‘zero waste’ production system.
Study of vibration shock processes of non-linear mechanical systems with distributed parameters
Authors: Levan Gavasheli , Anri Gavasheli
Published: March 2024

In practice, under the conditions of perfection and constructive development of modern equipment and machines, nonlinear mechanical systems with distributed parameters are often encountered, which, depending on the principles of operation, are affected by vibration shock. Therefore, the study of vibration shock processes of the mentioned systems has great theoretical and practical importance and as a result to determine the optimal parameters of vibration protection devices to ensure their safe operation. In our case, the displacement field of two interacting non-linear mechanical systems with distributed parameters is considered, when their interaction is of vibration shock nature. Obviously, the mentioned events are more pronounced when the self-oscillation frequency of one or both systems momentarily approaches the frequency of forced vibration shock processes. In addition, critical moments are fixed during the phase shifts of forced oscillations of oscillatory systems, in this case, the frequencies of forced oscillations approach mutually opposing phase moments. By choosing the optimal parameters of hysteresis losses, it is possible to almost exclude sub-harmonic modes superimposed on the main resonance modes in vibration shock processes. During hysteresis losses of the parabolic type, the value of µ changes automatically in connection with impulsive loads, which will allow us to transfer the vibration shock processes to automatic modes and, accordingly, the practically safe operation of the mentioned systems.
PROTEIN LYSATE AND WESTERN BLOT PROTOCOL v1
Authors: Vermilyea Scott
Published: March 2024

This is a collection of protocols including protein lysate preparation in culture, tissue, and immunoblotting (Western) techniques.
GENERATION OF LYSATE INOCULATION MATERIALS v1
Authors: Vermilyea Scott
Published: March 2024

This protocol details inoculation lysate preparation.
Macroalgae Analysis v2
Authors: Rodriguez Nohea
Published: March 2024

Determine the abundance and biomass of the invasive macroalgae species, Turbinaria and Sargassum. Then, identify marine species located on random samples of each species. Turbinaria decreases fish abundance and biodiversity, competing with native algae and coral for space and resources. Determine the effect on biodiversity if Turbinaria were to be removed from an ecosystem entirely. Under the guidance of Mayalen, the ISP class will conduct transect data collection in Baie Vaiori, located in Mo'orea. The objective is to gather data on the spatial occupancy of algae. Additionally, algae will be gathered to bring back to the lab where they will be examined for any residing organisms.
Ex vivo mouse brain patch clamp recordings combined with optogenetic stimulation v1
Authors: Zampese Enrico , V Simmons DeNard
Published: March 2024

In this protocol we detail the steps to perform ex-vivo brain slice electrophysiology and optogenetic stimulation.
PROTEIN INJECTION PROTOCOL v1
Authors: Vermilyea Scott
Published: March 2024

This protocol details the injection parameters of the protein.
Preparation of Free Floating Coronal Mouse Brain Sections v1
Authors: not provided madalynn.erb
Published: March 2024

This protocol details the preparation of free floating coronal mouse brain sections.
REDI-NET T-1A ACTIVE VERTEBRATE TICK FIELD SAMPLING v1
Authors: Consortium REDI-NET
Published: March 2024

To outline steps for properly collecting tick samples actively collected from cattle to evaluate the risk of zoonotic disease transmission by the detection of pathogens from invertebrate DNA (iDNA).
REDI-NET FF-1 FILTH FLY FIELD SAMPLING v1
Authors: Consortium REDI-NET
Published: March 2024

To outline steps for properly collecting filth flies from cattle and environmental locations to evaluate the risk of zoonotic disease transmission by the detection of pathogens from vertebrate DNA (vDNA).
A low cost time-lapse imaging system for Hydra v1
Authors: Hyland Callen
Published: March 2024

Hydra is a genus of freshwater cnidarian polyp known for their ability to regenerate their entire body from tissue pieces. Despite their simple body plan and tissue organization, Hydra is capable of complex behaviors, including capturing and consuming live prey, somersaulting locomotion, and phototaxis. Hydra make ideal model organisms for college and high school biology labs because they are easy to grow in large numbers and regeneration experiments can be carried out with minimal resources. The inexpensive setup described here allows time-lapse imaging of the behavior of Hydra, or other small invertebrates, with a cell phone camera. An imaging chamber is constructed out of cardboard. The sample is illuminated by a USB-powered LED panel and magnified by an inexpensive plastic lens. We also provide example movies and instructions for importing cell phone videos into ImageJ.
Recombinant αS purification Protocol v1
Authors: Balster Jane
Published: March 2024

This protocol details the recombinant αS purification.
İŞ YAŞAMINDA TEMEL PSİKOLOJİK İHTİYAÇLAR ÖLÇEĞİ'NİN TÜRKÇEYE UYARLANMASI: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMALARI
Authors: GÜLEÇ Sezen
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışma, Deci vd. (2001) tarafından bireylerin iş yerinde temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlarının karşılanma düzeyini ölçmek amacıyla geliştirilen İş Yaşamında Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması ve Türk örneklemindeki psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışma grubu, ölçeğin Türkçe’ye çevirisinde dil geçerliğinin değerlendirilmesi için yapılan uygulamada 68’i kadın ve 41’i erkek toplam 109 yetişkinden; psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi için yapılan uygulamada ise 223’ü kadın ve 134’ü erkek toplam 357 yetişkinden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini test etmek için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır (χ2 /sd =2.01, AGFI= .91, GFI= .98, CFI=.92, RMSEA=.058). Ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik İş Doyumu Ölçeği ile sınanmıştır (r=.69). Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlık güvenirlik katsayısı toplam puan için .76 olmak üzere alt boyutları olan, özerklik için .81, yeterlik için .79 ve ilişkili olma için .67 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde İş Yaşamında Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar Ölçeği’nin Türk örnekleminde kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu söylenebilir. Çalışma sonucunda, iş ve kariyer danışmanlığı ile örgüt psikolojisi alanındaki çalışmalarda kullanılmak üzere yurt içi alan yazına geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek kazandırılmıştır.
ANTRENÖR ADAYLARINDA KARİYER FARKINDALIKLARININ AMAÇLARI İÇİN MÜCADELE DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: SAKİ Ünal , KOÇ Abdurrahim
Published: March 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, antrenör adaylarının kariyer farkındalıklarının amaçları için mücadele düzeylerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 2022-2023 akademik yılı Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi antrenörlük bölümünde eğitim gören 1. 2. 3. ve 4. sınıf öğrencilerden basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 111 kadın, 139 erkek toplam 250 (Xyaş=21,79±2,74) öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın veri toplama kısmında araştırmacı tarafından düzenlenen “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, Yaşar (2019) tarafından geliştirilen “Mesleki Kariyer Farkındalık Ölçeği” ve Eryılmaz (2015) tarafından geliştirilen “Amaçlar İçin Mücadele Etme Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Antrenör adaylarının kariyer farkındalıkları ile amaçları için mücadele etme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için Pearson korelasyon katsayısı, etkiyi belirlemek için ise regresyon testinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, antrenör adaylarının mesleki kariyer farkındalıkları toplam puanı ile amaçları için mücadele etme alt boyutlarından amaca bağlanma (r=.474, p=.000) ve mücadele etme (r=.599, p=.000) arasında pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Antrenör adaylarında mesleki bilinç ve mesleki özgüven farkındalığı, mücadele etme düzeyleri ile pozitif yönde etki gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu ifadeler, antrenör adaylarının kariyerlerine yönelik mesleki anlamda kendisini bilmesi, tanıması ve olayın farkında olması öz güven duygusuyla birleştiğinde hedeflerine ulaşma noktasında mücadeleci bir tavır ortaya koyabileceğini gösterdiği söylenebilir.