bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermochemische Untersuchungen zu den Systemen SE2O3-SeO2. II. Samariumselenoxide auf dem Schnitt Sm2O3-SeO2 / Thermochemical Investigations of Systems SE2O3-SeO2. II. Samarium Selenium Oxides on the Line Sm2O3-SeO2
Authors: Oppermann H. , Zhang-Preβe M.
Published: February 2015

The pure ternary phases on the line Sm2O3-SeO2: Sm2SexO3+2x in thermodynamical equilibri­um have been synthesizied by solid state reactions and characterized by X-ray powder diffrac­tion, IR spectroscopy and DSC measurements. The existence of two new phases Sm2Se1,5O6 and Sm2Se4O11 was demonstrated besides the known phases Sm2Se3,5O10, Sm2Se3O9 and Sm2SeO5. The thermal decomposition properties of all compounds have been determined by total pressure measurements and the thermodynamical data of the compounds have been derived from their decomposition function and Cp-values. The phase diagram and the phase barogram have been estabilished using the results of DSC and total pressure measurements.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [Bis(N-oxo-2-acetylpyridine 4N-Methylthiosemicarbazone)zinc(II)] Monohydrate
Authors: Castiñeiras Alfonso , Domínguez Ricardo , Bordinhão Jairo , de Oliveira Julieta Saldanha , Bortoluzzi Adaílton João , Hörner Manfredo
Published: February 2015

The reaction of zinc(II) acetate dihydrate and the tetra-dentate N-Oxo-2-acetylpyridine 4N-methylthiosemicarbazone (H4MLO) produces the novel complex [Zn(C9H11N4OS)2·H2O] (1). The complex crystallizesoin the orthorhombic space group Pbca with a = 15.871(3), b =16.890(3), c = 17.189(3) Å ,V - 4608(1) Å3, Z = 8 . The Zn(II) ion is tetra-coordinated via the thiolate sulfur atom and the azomethine nitrogen atom of two deprotonated ligands. In the solid state, 1 is polymerized via hydrogen bonds with a water molecule of crystallization.
Zwei- und dreikemige Organometallkomplexe (ReS4)[MCl(C5Me5)], M = Rh, Ir, und (μ-WS4)[IrCl(C5Me5)]2 / Dinuclear and Trinuclear Organometallic Complexes (ReS4)[MCl(C5Me5)], M = Rh, Ir, and (μ-WS4)[IrCl(C5Me5)]2
Authors: Wanner Matthias , Hartenbach Ingo , Fiedler Jan , Schleid Thomas , Kaim Wolfgang
Published: February 2015

The reactions of tetrathiorhenate(VII) or tetrathiotungstate(VI) with [MCl2(C5Me5)]2, M = Rh or Ir, yield the neutral title compounds of which (ReS4)[RhCl(C5Me5)] and (μ- WS4)[IrCl(C5Me5)]2 could be crystallographically characterized. The molecules contain nearly tetrahedral M′S4 units and rhodium(III) or iridium(III) centers with piano stool geometry. Weak intermolecular (M)Cl- -H(Me) interactions are observed in the crystals. Vibrational and electronic spectra are in agreement with the structures, illustrating p→d charge transfer interactions between the sulfide or chloride donors and the d0 or d6 metal acceptor centers, respectively. Oxidation and reduction of the compounds occur completely irreversibly.
Facile Approach to Versatile Chiral Intermediates for Fused Cyclopentanoid Natural Products
Authors: Zulfiqar Fazila , Malik Abdul
Published: February 2015

A facile approach to cis- and trans-2-(l-hydroxymethyl)vinyl-1-vinylcyclohexan-1-ols and to the corresponding cyclopentane, cycloheptane, and cyclooctane derivatives has been developed, starting from cycloalkanones involving the key steps of Rupe and Claisen orthoester rearrangements. The formation of intervening products could be explained by allylic strain and π-stacking, respectively.
Carbonyl(diphenylcyclopentadienyl)-und Carbonyl(tetraphenylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium(I) Komplexe/Carbonyl(diphenylcyclopentadienyl)-and Carbonyl(tetraphenylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium(I) Complexes
Authors: Schumann Herbert , Stenz Susanne
Published: February 2015

[Rh(CO)2Cl]2 reacts with 1,3-diphenylcyclopentadienyl sodium or tetraphenylcyclopentadienyl sodium with formation of (1,3 -Ph2C5H3)Rh(CO)2 (1) or (C5HPh4)Rh(CO)2 (2), respectively. The reaction of 1 or 2 with PPh3 yields the corresponding carbonyl-(cyclopentadienyl)(triphenylphosphane)rhodium complexes (1,3 -Ph2C5H3)Rh(CO)(PPh3) (3) or (C5HPh4)Rh(CO)(PPh3) (4). The 1H and 1C reported and discussed.
Adaptive Evolution of Genes Involved in the Regulation of Germline Stem Cells inDrosophila melanogasterandD. simulans
Authors: Flores Heather A , DuMont Vanessa L Bauer , Fatoo Aalya , Hubbard Diana , Hijji Mohammed , Barbash Daniel A , Aquadro Charles F
Published: February 2015

Population genetic and comparative analyses in diverse taxa have shown that numerous genes involved in reproduction are adaptively evolving. Two genes involved in germline stem cell regulation, bag of marbles (bam) and benign gonial cell neoplasm (bgcn), have been shown previously to experience recurrent, adaptive evolution in both Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans. Here we report a population genetic survey on eight additional genes involved in germline stem cell regulation in D. melanogaster and D. simulans that reveals all eight of these genes reject a neutral model of evolution in at least one test and one species after correction for multiple testing using a false-discovery rate of 0.05. These genes play diverse roles in the regulation of germline stem cells, suggesting that positive selection in response to several evolutionary pressures may be acting to drive the adaptive evolution of these genes.
New Coefficient Inequalities for Certain Subclasses of Valent Analytic Functions
Authors: Murat Caglar  , Erhan Deniz  , Halit Orhan
Published: February 2015

The object of the present paper is to derive new coefficient inequalities for certain subclasses of p - valent analytic functions defined in the open unit disk U. Our results are generalized of the previous theorems given by J. Clunie and F.R. Keogh [1], by H. Silverman [3] and by M. Nunokawa et al. [2].
Persons With Disabilities as an Unrecognized Health Disparity Population
Authors: Krahn Gloria L. , Walker Deborah Klein , Correa-De-Araujo Rosaly
Published: February 2015

Disability is an emerging field within public health; people with significant disabilities account for more than 12% of the US population. Disparity status for this group would allow federal and state governments to actively work to reduce inequities. We summarize the evidence and recommend that observed differences are sufficient to meet the criteria for health disparities: population-level differences in health outcomes that are related to a history of wide-ranging disadvantages, which are avoidable and not primarily caused by the underlying disability. We recommend future research and policy directions to address health inequities for individuals with disabilities; these include improved access to health care and human services, increased data to support decision-making, strengthened health and human services workforce capacity, explicit inclusion of disability in public health programs, and increased emergency preparedness.
Defining the Functions of Public Health Governance
Authors: Carlson Valeria , Chilton Marita J. , Corso Liza C. , Beitsch Leslie M.
Published: February 2015

We conducted a literature review in 2011 to determine if accepted governance functions continue to reflect the role of public health governing entities.

Reviewing literature and other source documents, as well as consulting with practitioners, resulted in an iterative process that identified 6 functions of public health governance and established definitions for each of these: policy development; resource stewardship; continuous improvement; partner engagement; legal authority; and oversight of a health department. These functions provided context for the role of governing entities in public health practice and aligned well with existing public health accreditation standards.

Public health systems research can build from this work in future explorations of the contributions of governance to health department performance.
New Perspectives on the “Silo Effect”: Initial Comparisons of Network Structures Across Public Health Collaboratives
Authors: Bevc Christine A. , H. Retrum Jessica , M. Varda Danielle
Published: February 2015

Objectives. We explored to what extent “silos” (preferential partnering) persist in interorganizational boundaries despite advances in working across boundaries. We focused on organizational homophily and resulting silo effects within networks that might both facilitate and impede success in public health collaboratives (PHCs).

Methods. We analyzed data from 162 PHCs with a series of exponential random graph models to determine the influence of uniform and differential homophily among organizations and to identify the propensity for partnerships with similar organizations.

Results. The results demonstrated a low presence (8%) of uniform homophily among networks, whereas a greater number (30%) of PHCs contained varying levels of differential homophily by 1 or more types of organization. We noted that the higher frequency among law enforcement, nonprofits, and public health organizations demonstrated a partner preference with similar organizations.

Conclusions. Although we identified only a modest occurrence of partner preference in PHCs, overall success in efforts to work across boundaries might be problematic when public health members (often leaders of PHCs) exhibit the tendency to form silos.
Network Interventions on Physical Activity in an Afterschool Program: An Agent-Based Social Network Study
Authors: Zhang Jun , Shoham David A. , Tesdahl Eric , Gesell Sabina B.
Published: February 2015

Objectives. We studied simulated interventions that leveraged social networks to increase physical activity in children.

Methods. We studied a real-world social network of 81 children (average age = 7.96 years) who lived in low socioeconomic status neighborhoods, and attended public schools and 1 of 2 structured afterschool programs. The sample was ethnically diverse, and 44% were overweight or obese. We used social network analysis and agent-based modeling simulations to test whether implementing a network intervention would increase children’s physical activity. We tested 3 intervention strategies.

Results. The intervention that targeted opinion leaders was effective in increasing the average level of physical activity across the entire network. However, the intervention that targeted the most sedentary children was the best at increasing their physical activity levels.

Conclusions. Which network intervention to implement depends on whether the goal is to shift the entire distribution of physical activity or to influence those most adversely affected by low physical activity. Agent-based modeling could be an important complement to traditional project planning tools, analogous to sample size and power analyses, to help researchers design more effective interventions for increasing children’s physical activity.
Quantitative Evaluation of the Effect of Grain Aspect Ratio on Permeability
Authors: Katagiri Jun , Saomoto Hidetaka , Utsuno Mori
Published: February 2015

Saturated and unsaturated permeabilities are influenced by the microscopic pore structure of granular porous media. We developed pore flow simulations for grains generated by discrete‐element modeling to evaluate the effect of grain shape (aspect ratio) on permeability and other macroscopic properties related to fluid flow. A series of sensitivity analyses was performed for methodological variables, such as the mesh resolution and the size of the simulated soil volume. The simulation results were found to be consistent with the conventional Darcy's law. Consistent with the Kozeny–Carman equation, the results of simulations for grains with various aspect ratios confirmed that permeability depends on the void ratio. We also found that the grain aspect ratio affected the void ratio and the surface area of packed grains. Consequently, the aspect ratio indirectly affected the permeability.
Cyclic plastic response of nickel-based superalloy at room and at elevated temperatures*
Authors: Polák Jaroslav , Petrenec Martin , Chlupová Alice , Tobiáš Jiří , Petráš Roman
Published: February 2015

Nickel-based cast IN 738LC superalloy has been cycled at increasing strain amplitudes at room temperature and at 800 °C. Hysteresis loops were analyzed using general statistical theory of the hysteresis loop. Dislocation structures of specimens cycled at these two temperatures were studied. They revealed localization of the cyclic plastic strain in the thin bands which are rich in dislocations. The analysis of the loop shapes yields effective stresses of the matrix and of the precipitates and the probability density function of the critical internal stresses at both temperatures. It allows to find the sources of the high cyclic stress.
Testing low-cycle material properties with micro-specimens*
Authors: Boroński Dariusz
Published: February 2015

New possibilities of low cycle fatigue material properties testing with the use of micro-specimens are presented in this publication. The discussed solution is of great significance for analysis of local properties of a material, e. g. in welded structures. Properties of a material determined in the manner presented in this publication find application both in fatigue life assessment (fatigue life curves) and in material modeling (cyclic stress-strain curves), e. g. in numerical analysis of local strain and stress that occur in structural components.
Incremental Value of Three-Dimensional Echocardiography over Two-Dimensional Echocardiography in the Assessment of Atrial Septal Defects
Authors: German Charles , Nanda Navin C
Published: February 2015

Abstract not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v7i2.22243 Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 7(2): 67-71
Left Ventricular Filling Pressure Assessed by Doppler Echocardiography as a Predictor of Inhospital Outcome in Patients of ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Saha Sumon Kumar , Ali Mahboob , Rahman Mohammad Arifur , Choudhury Amal Kumar , Ulubbi Salahuddin
Published: February 2015

Background: Left ventricular (LV) filling pressure is an important predictor of short and long term outcome in patients with coronary artery disease. Non invasive assessment of this pressure by Doppler echocardiography provides valuable information regarding the prognosis of patient with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Elevated filling pressure is associated with increased incidence of morbidly and mortality due to ventricular remodeling, neuro-hormonal activation & increased excitability. The aim of this study was to assess LV diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular filling pressure in patients of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction to predict their in-hospital outcome. Methods: The prognostic cohort study was conducted in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka from May 2011 to November 2011. A total of 100 Patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who has received streptokinase therapy were enrolled by purposive sampling. In addition to normal 2D & M mode study, Pulsed wave Doppler assessment of mitral valve inflow patterns was done in apical 4-chamber view to see Peak early (E) and peak late (A) flow velocities, E/A ratio and deceleration time of early mitral flow velocity (DT). Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) assessment was done at the lateral mitral annulus in apical 4-chamber view to assess Mitral annular diastolic velocity (E?) and E/E? ratio. Patients were divided into two groups based on Doppler echocardiography derived Left ventricular filling characteristics. In group I 50 patients with E/E? ratio <15 and in group II 50 patients with E/E >15. Patients were followed up for next 7 days and in-hospital outcomes were compared between groups. Results: The mean age of group-I & II were 53.84 ± 9.2 & 55.14 ± 8.5 years respectively. Male female ratio was 8.9:1.1. Age, sex and risk factors between two groups were statistically insignificant. Regarding in-hospital out come in group-I were hospital stay 5.28 ± 1.06 days, heart failure 28%, arrhythmia 8% and mortality was 2%. On the other hand in group-II hospital stay was 6.04±1.07 days, heart failure 68%, and arrhythmia 24% & mortality was 6%. All these were statistically significant between two groups except mortality. Conclusion: From this study it may be concluded that, left ventricular filling pressure assessed by Doppler echocardiograph predicts in-hospital outcome after acute ST segment myocardial infarction and prognosis is worse with increased left ventricular filling pressure. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v7i2.22244 Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 7(2): 72-78
Total Arterial Coronary Revascularization with Aorto-bifemoral Bipopliteal Bypass  A Case Report
Authors: Zahangir Nuruddin Mohammod , Ahmad Syed Tanvir , Ahmed Firoz , Kabir Md Mainul , Khan Tamjid Mohammad Najmus Sakib , Hossain Nazmul , Ahmed Niaz , Naik Madhava Janardhan
Published: February 2015

The management of combined Coronary Artery Disease and Peripheral Vascular Disease is a challenge and brings with it numerous clinical dilemmas. The 56 year old gentleman presented to our department with significant triple vessel disease with occluded lower end of aorta just before bifurcation and occluded bilateral superficial femoral arteries. CABG with aorto-femoral and femoro popliteal bypass was done on the same setting. On 12th postoperative day he was discharged from hospital in good general condition. Follow up after 6 months of operation the patient is doing well and free of chest pain and claudication pain. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v7i2.22266 Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 7(2): 159-161
Metastatic Melanoma Cells Evade Immune Detection by Silencing STAT1
Authors: Osborn JoDi , Greer Susanna
Published: February 2015

Transcriptional activation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules by the cytokine, interferon γ (IFN-γ), is a key step in cell-mediated immunity against pathogens and tumors. Recent evidence suggests that suppression of MHC I and II expression on multiple tumor types plays important roles in tumor immunoevasion. One such tumor is malignant melanoma, a leading cause of skin cancer-related deaths. Despite growing awareness of MHC expression defects, the molecular mechanisms by which melanoma cells suppress MHC and escape from immune-mediated elimination remain unknown. Here, we analyze the dysregulation of the Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT pathway and its role in the suppression of MHC II in melanoma cell lines at the radial growth phase (RGP), the vertical growth phase (VGP) and the metastatic phase (MET). While RGP and VGP cells both express MHC II, MET cells lack not only MHC II, but also the critical transcription factors, interferon response factor (IRF) 1 and its upstream activator, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). Suppression of STAT1 in vitro was also observed in patient tumor samples, suggesting STAT1 silencing as a global mechanism of MHC II suppression and immunoevasion.
Ocular Tissue Engineering: Current and Future Directions
Authors: Karamichos D.
Published: February 2015

Tissue engineering (TE) is a concept that was first emerged in the early 1990s to provide solutions to severe injured tissues and/or organs [1]. The dream was to be able to restore and replace the damaged tissue with an engineered version which would ultimately help overcome problems such as donor shortages, graft rejections, and inflammatory responses following transplantation. While an incredible amount of progress has been made, suggesting that TE concept is viable, we are still not able to overcome major obstacles. In TE, there are two main strategies that researchers have adopted: (1) cell-based, where cells are been manipulated to create their own environment before transplanted to the host, and (2) scaffold-based, where an extracellular matrix is created to mimic in vivo structures. TE approaches for ocular tissues are available and have indeed come a long way, over the last decades; however more clinically relevant ocular tissue substitutes are needed. Figure 1 highlights the importance of TE in ocular applications and indicates the avenues available based on each tissue.[...]
Deterministic Performance Assessment and Retuning of Industrial Controllers Based on Routine Operating Data: Applications
Authors: Veronesi Massimiliano , Visioli Antonio
Published: February 2015

Performance assessment and retuning techniques for proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are reviewed in this paper. In particular, we focus on techniques that consider deterministic performance and that use routine operating data (that is, set-point and load disturbance step signals). Simulation and experimental results show that the use of integrals of predefined signals can be effectively employed for the estimation of the process parameters and, therefore, for the comparison of the current controller with a selected benchmark.
Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) Radiometric Performance On-Orbit
Authors: Morfitt Ron , Barsi Julia , Levy Raviv , Markham Brian , Micijevic Esad , Ong Lawrence , Scaramuzza Pat , Vanderwerff Kelly
Published: February 2015

Expectations of the Operational Land Imager (OLI) radiometric performance onboard Landsat-8 have been met or exceeded. The calibration activities that occurred prior to launch provided calibration parameters that enabled ground processing to produce imagery that met most requirements when data were transmitted to the ground. Since launch, calibration updates have improved the image quality even more, so that all requirements are met. These updates range from detector gain coefficients to reduce striping and banding to alignment parameters to improve the geometric accuracy. This paper concentrates on the on-orbit radiometric performance of the OLI, excepting the radiometric calibration performance. Topics discussed in this paper include: signal-to-noise ratios that are an order of magnitude higher than previous Landsat missions; radiometric uniformity that shows little residual banding and striping, and continues to improve; a dynamic range that limits saturation to extremely high radiance levels; extremely stable detectors; slight nonlinearity that is corrected in ground processing; detectors that are stable and 100% operable; and few image artifacts.
Bioremediation of Heavy Metals from Soil and Aquatic Environment: An Overview of Principles and Criteria of Fundamental Processes
Authors: Dixit Ruchita , Wasiullah  , Malaviya Deepti , Pandiyan Kuppusamy , Singh Udai , Sahu Asha , Shukla Renu , Singh Bhanu , Rai Jai , Sharma Pawan , Lade Harshad , Paul Diby
Published: February 2015

Heavy metals are natural constituents of the environment, but indiscriminate use for human purposes has altered their geochemical cycles and biochemical balance. This results in excess release of heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, zinc etc. into natural resources like the soil and aquatic environments. Prolonged exposure and higher accumulation of such heavy metals can have deleterious health effects on human life and aquatic biota. The role of microorganisms and plants in biotransformation of heavy metals into nontoxic forms is well-documented, and understanding the molecular mechanism of metal accumulation has numerous biotechnological implications for bioremediation of metal-contaminated sites. In view of this, the present review investigates the abilities of microorganisms and plants in terms of tolerance and degradation of heavy metals. Also, advances in bioremediation technologies and strategies to explore these immense and valuable biological resources for bioremediation are discussed. An assessment of the current status of technology deployment and suggestions for future bioremediation research has also been included. Finally, there is a discussion of the genetic and molecular basis of metal tolerance in microbes, with special reference to the genomics of heavy metal accumulator plants and the identification of functional genes involved in tolerance and detoxification.
Sustainability Best Paper Awards for 2015
Authors: Rosen Marc
Published: February 2015

Sustainability is instituting annual awards to recognize the most outstanding papers in the areas of environmental, cultural, economic, technical and social sustainability of human beings published in Sustainability. [...]
Cyrano de Bergerac, l'imagination et la visibilité du monde
Authors: Gipper Andreas
Published: February 2015

Au regard de la naissance d’un nouveau discours scientifique, quelle est la relation entre la réalité et l’imagination dans la première moitié du XVII e siècle ? Quel rapport y a-t-il entre la visibilité du monde et l’intelligibilité de ses structures définie par les new sciences  ? Et quel est le rôle de ce rapport pour la naissance de l’espace littéraire ? L’œuvre de Cyrano de Bergerac est particulièrement appropriée à ce genre de questionnement, puisqu’elle représente un type de littérature « baroque » qui s’approprie sans détour le discours scientifique émergent, sans pour autant opérer la dissociation entre discours scientifique et discours littéraire.
Pascal et le calcul des partis : unité de temps scientifique, mathématique, littéraire
Authors: Goodkin Richard
Published: February 2015

Dans sa Préface sur le Traité du vide , Pascal présente la tradition dans les sciences en termes d’une unité primordiale qui relie les chercheurs de toutes les époques. En revanche les mathématiciens sont plus libres de définir leurs problèmes sans nécessairement se préoccuper des liaisons entre leurs travaux et le monde matériel. De même, Leibniz et d’autres font une distinction entre vérités mathématiques éternelles et universelles et vérités scientifiques contingentes. La distinction est illustrée par le calcul des partis, problème résolu et par Pascal et par Fermat, mais en suivant des pistes méthodologiques bien distinctes. Enfin, la notion d’unité littéraire vient se positionner par rapport à ces deux autres formes d’unité savante. Au XVII e siècle les restrictions placées sur les dramaturges, qui selon les règles du théâtre doivent se conformer à des vérités extérieures à leurs pièces, créent une similitude entre la situation des scientifiques et des dramaturges. De nos jours, la relative liberté des écrivains de se conformer ou non à un monde extérieur à celui qu’ils créent les fait ressembler davantage aux mathématiciens qu’aux scientifiques.
À l'ombre de Fontenelle. Dissémination du discours scientifique par la fiction au XVIII e siècle
Authors: Castonguay-Bélanger Joël
Published: February 2015

Cet article propose une esquisse des différentes manières d’envisager le rôle de la fiction dans la dissémination des connaissances scientifiques dans la France du XVIII e siècle. À partir des diverses fonctions exercées par les formes fictionnelles à l’intérieur desquelles se manifeste un thème ou un discours assimilable à l’univers de la science, on distinguera quatre modes de lecture possibles. Ces approches visent à rappeler les distinctions qui existent au sein d’un corpus dont la parenté thématique tend trop souvent à faire oublier les enjeux particuliers.
Quand science et littérature se croisent dans les Alpes au tournant des Lumières : Saussure et Bourrit
Authors: Guyot Alain
Published: February 2015

La complexité des relations qu’entretiennent science et littérature à la fin du XVIII e siècle marque particulièrement les récits de voyage dans les Alpes. On les examinera à la lumière des rapports de collaboration et de rivalité développés par les Genevois Saussure et Bourrit, dont les parcours et les objectifs divergent de manière flagrante. S’ils s’accordent pour représenter les mêmes paysages avec un enthousiasme voisin, leur manière d’approcher le réel indique que les chemins entre écrivains et savants vont bientôt se séparer.
La littérarisation de la science newtonienne au XVIII e siècle : une littérature pour les dames ?
Authors: Rey Anne-Lise
Published: February 2015

Cet article défend l’idée que, loin d’être un texte galant, le Newtonianisme pour les dames d’Algarotti est un exemple de littérarisation du savoir newtonien qui, sous couvert de rendre « sensible » la science moderne, en propose des critères d’évaluation.
Vibrations du clavecin de Diderot : des Lumières vers le marxisme et le surréalisme
Authors: Foucault Didier
Published: February 2015

Inspiré par des médecins de son temps comme Bordeu, Diderot, dans l’ Entretien entre M. d’Alembert et M. Diderot et dans Le Rêve de d’Alembert , se sert de la métaphore des vibrations des cordes de clavecin comme alternative à la conception ancienne faisant des nerfs des vaisseaux transportant « l’esprit animal ». Dans des contextes très différents, l’instrument a continué à faire entendre les lointaines résonnances de son matérialisme. En 1909, la métaphore est reprise par Lénine dans Matérialisme et empiriocriticisme . René Crevel se la réapproprie en 1932 dans Le Clavecin de Diderot pour tenter de concilier marxisme, psychanalyse et surréalisme. En suivant le parcours de cette métaphore, cet article en évalue la force argumentative mais également la plasticité qui lui ont permis de survivre à l’effondrement de son substrat scientifique original.
Cycle économique et comportement entrepreneurial sur données régionales françaises
Authors: Aubry Mathilde , Bonnet Jean , Renou-Maissant Patricia
Published: February 2015

Dans cet article, nous étudions les liens existants entre les créations d’entreprises, le PIB et le taux de chômage en France à partir de données régionales sur la période 1993-2011. Les interactions sont analysées tant à court terme qu’à long terme sous une double dimension : régionale et nationale. Les fluctuations du PIB représentent un indicateur avancé des créations de nouvelles entreprises au niveau national mais cet effet disparaît au niveau régional. Les créations d’entreprises et le taux de chômage se sont révélés étroitement liés aussi bien à court terme qu’à long terme et ont permis de mettre en évidence la présence des effets REFUGEE et SCHUMPETER. Dans la majorité des régions françaises l’effet REFUGEE domine à court terme : une augmentation du taux de chômage se traduit par une augmentation du nombre des créations d’entreprises. En France, les créations d’entreprises sont donc principalement impulsées par des motifs de nécessité.
Impact of Change to a Concept-Based Baccalaureate Nursing Curriculum on Student and Program Outcomes
Authors: Duncan Kathleen , Schulz Paula S.
Published: February 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare selected baccalaureate program outcomes for a traditional, specialty-based curriculum (TC) to a concept-based curriculum (CBC). Outcomes included NCLEX-RN licensure pass rates, graduation rates, national assessment of critical thinking, and program satisfaction. Student self-efficacy for performing nursing activities also was measured to assess the impact of the curriculum change on student confidence. The sample included 240 students enrolled in the two curricula during the last semester of the two baccalaureate nursing curricula. The TC sample (
n
= 104) included three cohort graduating classes, and the CBC sample (
n
= 136) included two cohort graduating classes. Findings indicated few differences on outcomes between the two curricula. Lack of a negative impact on program outcomes observed in this study may encourage other nursing colleges to implement newer curriculum models. Further study is needed on ways to evaluate the impact of curriculum change. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2015;54(3, Suppl.):S16–S20.]
Using SBAR to Promote Clinical Judgment in Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Lancaster Rachelle J. , Westphal Judith , Jambunathan Jayalakshmi
Published: February 2015

The purpose of this study was to describe how students identify and interpret multiple embedded clinical cues in a case study, and then reflect these using SBAR (
S
ituation,
B
ackground,
A
ssessment, and
R
ecommendation). Using Tanner’s model of clinical judgment, a descriptive design was used to examine SBAR assignments completed by second-semester nursing students (
n
= 80). The majority of students (
n
= 62, 77.5%) in the study were unable to successfully follow all of the clinical judgment phases of the model: noticing, interpreting, responding, and reflecting. Although SBAR is an important tool for communicating clinical information, gaps exist between noticing and interpreting clinical cues, and forming an appropriate course of action. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2015;54(3, Suppl.):S31–S34.]
Integration of Deliberate Practice and Peer Mentoring to Enhance Students’ Mastery and Retention of Essential Skills
Authors: Ross Jennifer Gunberg , Bruderle Elizabeth , Meakim Colleen
Published: February 2015

Faculty in a 4-year baccalaureate nursing program were concerned with students’ failure to retain the patient care skills of vital signs, breath sounds, and heart sounds learned in freshman and sophomore courses and consequent inability to transfer these high-frequency skills into the clinical setting. Because nursing is a practice profession, new graduates must be prepared to demonstrate specific competencies that are designed to improve practice. To address faculty concerns, support more positive learning outcomes, and engage in evidence-based nursing education, faculty developed and implemented an assignment that incorporated deliberate practice and peer mentoring into a sophomore course on the essentials of nursing practice. The purpose of this article is to describe the rationale, development and implementation, and feedback for a deliberate practice and peer mentoring assignment designed to enhance skill mastery and retention. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2015;54(3, Suppl.):S52–S54.]
Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networking
Authors: Cao Bin , Zhang Qinyu , Liang Hao , Fu Gang , Mark Jon W.
Published: February 2015

Radio spectrum underutilization and energy inefficiency become urgent bottleneck problems to the sustainable development of wireless technologies. The research philosophies of wireless communications have been shifted from balancing reliability-efficiency tradeoff in the link level to seeking spectrum-energy efficiency in the network level. Global spectrum-energy efficient designs attract significant attention to improving utilization and efficiency, wherein cognitive radio networks and energy-efficient resource allocation are of particular interests. In this chapter, the authors first provide a systematic study on Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networking (CCRN). As an effort to shed light on addressing spectrum-energy inefficiency at a low complexity, an orthogonal modulation enabled two-phase cooperation framework and an Orthogonally Dual-Polarized Antenna (ODPA) based framework, as well as their resource allocation problems are given and tackled.
Heterogeneous Service-Oriented Spectrum Trading
Authors: Hu Gang , Liu Lixia , Peng Yuxing
Published: February 2015

Multiple characters of spectrum resource bring many challenges to spectrum trading. The demanders may not find the full-matching spectrum resource. Meanwhile, the optimal matching strategy cannot be determined if the demanders have different matching ratios. This chapter proposes an algorithm called HSO-ST (Heterogeneous Service-Oriented Spectrum Trading) with the target of maximum matching number under the priority restriction. This algorithm can satisfy as many secondary users as possible. Compared with other spectrum trading strategies, HSO-ST can greatly improve the spectrum demand-matching ratio.
FACTORS INFLUENCING ADHERENCE TO IMATINIB IN INDIAN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kapoor Jyotsna , Agrawal Narendra , Ahmad Rayaz , Sharma Sanjeev Kumar , Gupta Anshul , Bhurani Dinesh
Published: February 2015

Adherence to imatinib(IM) is of utmost importance in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia(CML) to maximise treatment effectiveness. The main objective is to measure adherence to    IM & to evaluate individual patient characteristics, personal, treatment related &                    psychological factors influencing adherence behaviour. Hundred patients  receiving IM were analysed for adherence behaviour using 9 item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale              (9-MMAS) . Various factors were assessed for their impact on adherence behaviour.  These   factors were age, gender, duration of treatment, frequency & dosing of treatment, use  of        tobacco & alcohol, educational qualification,employment status,monthly  income, side effects, financial assistance in treatment, social support, knowledge about medicine & disease,         concomitant drug burden, polypharmacy, physician patient interaction, patient  educational    sessions & prevalence of depression. Seventy five percent of patients were found to be           adherent. On univariate analysis, prevalence of depression (p<0.000001), moderate severe     depression (p<0.000001), concomitant drug burden (p=0.036) & monthly income (p=0.015) were found to be significantly influencing adherence. The final multivariate model retained   prevalence of depression with OR= 10.367  (95% CI, 3.112- 34.538) as independent predictor of adherence to therapy. This study suggests that identification & treatment of depression among CML patients may further enhance adherence to IM therapy.Keywords: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Adherence, Imatinib, Nine Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire -9.
RELIABILITY OF DIFFERENT RBC INDICES AND FORMULAS IN DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN Β-THALASSEMIA MINOR AND OTHER CAUSES OF MICROCYTIC HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA
Authors: Bordbar Elahe , Taghipour Mehdi , Zucconi Beth E
Published: February 2015

Objective: Different indices and formulas of CBC parameters have been suggested as indicators of early stage screenings to detect couples with β-thalassemia minor (BTM). In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of five previous published formulas and compared them to our new formula (│80-MCV│×│27-MCH│) in screening of β-thalassemia.Methods: All couples in the premarital β-thalassemia screening program of Roodbar, Iran, for whom molecular analysis had been done were selected during two years. The red blood cell indices were applied to each formula, and a ROC curve was plotted for each one to check discriminative effectiveness in β-thalassemia detection.Result: None of the studied indices demonstrated 100% precision. However, we found that the Shine–Lal formula and our formula had the highest sensitivity in identifying BTM individuals. The highest specificity belonged to our formula and Sirdah formula.Conclusion: Previous studies reported different sensitivities and specificities for the formulas. This can be attributed to different kinds of β-gene mutations in various populations. As a result of this variation, RBC indices and mathematical formulas are variable in different populations. Undoubtedly, physicians in different areas should evaluate the accuracy of published formulas for their own populations in the discrimination of BTM from other causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia.
ClinicaI Reversible Myelopathy in T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Treated with Nelarabine and Radiotherapy: Report of a Case and Review of Literature of an Increasing Complication
Authors: Tisi Maria Chiara , Ausoni Giuseppe , Vita Maria Gabriella , Tartaglione Tommaso , Balducci Mario , Laurenti Luca , Chiusolo Patrizia , Hohaus Stefan , Sica Simona
Published: February 2015

To date, eleven cases of irreversible neurological defects in T- ALL patients treated with nelarabine have been described in the last 4 years, seven of these after stem cell transplantation (SCT) for T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (T-LBL). Most of patients had an unfavorable outcome or irreversible damage.We report the case of a 41-year-old woman suffering from T-LBL who presented severe but reversible myelopathy after nelarabine based treatment and mediastinum radiotherapy, and we perform a review of literature.
A High-Intensity, Intermittent Exercise Protocol and Dynamic Postural Control in Men and Women
Authors: Whyte Enda , Burke Aoife , White Elaine , Moran Kieran
Published: February 2015

Context

Deficits in dynamic postural control predict lower limb injury. Differing fatiguing protocols negatively affect dynamic postural control. The effect of high-intensity, intermittent exercise on dynamic postural control has not been investigated.

Objective

To investigate the effect of a high-intensity, intermittent exercise protocol (HIIP) on the dynamic postural control of men and women as measured by the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT).

Design

Descriptive laboratory study.

Setting

University gymnasium.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty male (age = 20.83 ± 1.50 years, height = 179.24 ± 7.94 cm, mass = 77.67 ± 10.82 kg) and 20 female (age = 20.45 ± 1.34 years, height = 166.08 ± 5.83 cm, mass = 63.02 ± 6.67 kg) athletes.

Intervention(s)

We recorded SEBT measurements at baseline, pre-HIIP, and post-HIIP. The HIIP consisted of 4 repetitions of 10-m forward sprinting with a 90° change of direction and then backward sprinting for 5 m, 2 repetitions of 2-legged jumping over 5 hurdles, 2 repetitions of high-knee side stepping over 5 hurdles, and 4 repetitions of lateral 5-m shuffles. Participants rested for 30 seconds before repeating the circuit until they reported a score of 18 on the Borg rating of perceived exertion scale.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

A mixed between- and within–subjects analysis of variance was conducted to assess time (pre-HIIP, post-HIIP) × sex interaction effects. Subsequent investigations assessed the main effect of time and sex on normalized maximal SEBT scores. We used intraclass correlation coefficients to determine the test-retest reliability of the SEBT and paired-samples t tests to assess the HIIP effect on circuit times.

Results

We found a time × sex effect (F8,69 = 3.5; P range, <.001–.04; η2 range, 0.057–0.219), with women less negatively affected. We also noted a main effect for time, with worse normalized maximal SEBT scores postfatigue (F8,69 = 22.39; P < .001; η2 range, 0.324–0.695), and for sex, as women scored better in 7 SEBT directions (F8,69 = 0.84; P range, <.001–008; η2 range, 0.088–0.381). The intraclass correlation coefficients demonstrated high (0.77–0.99) test-retest repeatability. Paired-samples t tests demonstrated increases in circuit time post-HIIP (P < .001).

Conclusions

The HIIP-induced fatigue negatively affected normalized maximal SEBT scores. Women had better scores than men and were affected less negatively by HIIP-induced fatigue.
Changes in East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Holocene deduced from a freshwater flux reconstruction of the Changjiang (Yangtze River) based on the oxygen isotope mass balance in the northern East China Sea
Authors: Kubota Y. , Tada R. , Kimoto K.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. The δ18O of seawater (δ18Ow), an indirect indicator of sea surface salinity (SSS), in the northern East China Sea (ECS) is reconstructed for the Holocene using paired analyses of Mg / Ca ratio and δ18O of planktic foraminiferal tests. According to modern observation, interannual variations in SSS during summer in the northern ECS are mainly controlled by the Changjiang (Yangtze River) discharge, which reflects summer rainfall in its drainage basin. Thus, changes in the summer SSS in the northern ECS are interpreted as reflecting variations in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) precipitation in the Changjiang Basin. This interpretation is confirmed by a strong relationship between the SSS in the northern ECS and the Changjiang discharge during the wet season (May–October) based on instrumental salinity records from 1951 to 2000. However, it is difficult to estimate absolute salinity values in the past with high accuracy, because the past salinity–δ18Ow regression slope, end member salinity, and δ18Ow values are not well understood. Here, we conduct δ18Ow mass-balance calculation to estimate the freshwater contribution to the surface water of the northern ECS during the last 7 kyr by assuming a simple mixing between two end members – the seawater and the Changjiang freshwater. The result indicates that there has been no gradual decreasing secular trend in the Changjiang freshwater flux from the middle Holocene to the present day, suggesting that summer insolation in the Northern Hemisphere does not regulate the EASM precipitation in the Changjiang Basin. Instead, internal feedback appears to have been more important during the Holocene. The absence of a decreasing trend in regional summer precipitation over the Changjiang Basin since the middle Holocene is contradictory to Chinese speleothems' δ18O records, suggesting that it is not possible to explain orbital changes in Chinese speleothems' δ18O during the Holocene by changes in summer precipitation, but that such changes are related to other factors such as changes in the moisture source.
Human Dignity: The Constitutional Value and the Constitutional Right
Authors: Barak Aharon
Published: February 2015

This chapter draws the basic distinction between human dignity as a constitutional value and human dignity as a constitutional right. It describes the role and meaning of human dignity as an express or implied constitutional value. The chapter then focuses on the scope of the constitutional right to human dignity and the problem of partial overlap between the right to human dignity and other independent constitutional rights.
The Dignity of Marriage
Authors: Tollefsen Christopher
Published: February 2015

Contemporary Catholic magisterial documents frequently use of the word ‘dignity’ to describe the institution of marriage. In this chapter, I argue that the language of dignity is meant and should be taken here quite seriously; ‘dignity’ is predicated of marriage by analogy with its predication of persons, but not merely by a metaphorical extension. We are meant to understand some quite specific points about marriage by the language of dignity, as to its nature, its origins, its end, and its role in ethical and political life.
Response to Tollefsen and Cameron
Authors: George Robert P.
Published: February 2015

This chapter responds to the chapters by Christopher Tollefsen and Edwin Cameron. Although both authors argue from an understanding of human dignity in which the obligation to respect dignity is an obligation to favour the integral flourishing of the human person, the chapters are seen as offering deeply opposed and irreconcilable positions on central issues pertaining to sexual morality and marriage. The authors differ so fundamentally precisely because they have such profound differences about what constitutes and promotes the flourishing of human persons when it comes to sexuality and the choices people face and make in which sexual desire and judgements about what is intrinsically good and bad and right and wrong crucially figure. These differences reflect competing conceptions of the nature of the human person—that being whose integral good should be respected and favoured in all of our choosing and acting if, as both Professor Tollefsen and Justice Cameron believe, we have an obligation to honour human dignity.