bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new modified block iterative algorithm for uniformly quasi-ϕ-asymptotically nonexpansive mappings and a system of generalized mixed equilibrium problems
Authors: Saewan Siwaporn , Kumam Poom
Published: August 2011

In this paper, we introduce a new modified block iterative algorithm for finding a common element of the set of common fixed points of an infinite family of closed and uniformly quasi-ϕ-asymptotically nonexpansive mappings, the set of the variational inequality for an α-inverse-strongly monotone operator, and the set of solutions of a system of generalized mixed equilibrium problems. We obtain a strong convergence theorem for the sequences generated by this process in a 2-uniformly convex and uniformly smooth Banach space. Our results extend and improve ones from several earlier works.

2000 MSC: 47H05; 47H09; 47H10.
Population-Based Study of Competing Mortality in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Rose Brent S. , Jeong Jong-Hyeon , Nath Sameer K. , Lu Sharon M. , Mell Loren K.
Published: August 2011

Purpose

Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) are at high risk of death resulting from noncancer causes and second malignancies (ie, competing mortality). Variation in competing mortality risk complicates individual treatment choices and design and interpretation of clinical studies.

Methods

Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, we identified 34,568 patients with nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck diagnosed between 1994 and 2003. We developed a multivariable competing-risk regression model to stratify patients according to competing mortality risk and evaluate the impact of this risk on power loss in clinical studies.

Results

The 5-year cumulative incidences of all-cause mortality, HNC-specific mortality, and competing mortality were 51.3% (95% CI, 50.8% to 51.9%), 23.8% (95% CI, 23.3% to 24.2%), and 27.6% (95% CI, 26.8% to 28.3%), respectively. Factors associated with increased competing mortality were increasing age, male sex, black race, unmarried status, localized disease, higher socioeconomic status, nonsurgical treatment, and hypopharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, and oral cavity subsites. The 5-year cumulative incidences of competing mortality for patients in low-, medium-, and high-risk score tertiles were 20.0% (95% CI, 18.8% to 21.3%), 27.7% (95% CI, 26.3% to 29.1%), and 33.7% (95% CI, 32.2% to 35.2%), respectively. Compared with patients with low competing mortality risk, relative sample sizes required to show benefit of a treatment regarding all-cause mortality were 12% and 42% higher in the medium- and high-risk groups, respectively.

Conclusion

Multiple factors affect risk of competing mortality among patients with HNC. Risk stratification would be useful to identify patients most likely to benefit from treatment intensification.
The Impact of Regulations on the Supply and Quality of Care in Child Care Markets
Authors: Hotz V. Joseph , Xiao Mo
Published: August 2011

We examine the impact of state child care regulations on the supply and quality of care in child care markets. We exploit panel data on both individual establishments and local markets to control for state, time, and, where possible, establishment-specific fixed effects to mitigate the potential bias due to policy endogeneity. We find that the imposition of regulations reduces the number of center-based child care establishments, especially in lower income markets. However, such regulations increase the quality of services provided, especially in higher income areas. Thus, there are winners and losers from the regulation of child care services. (JEL H75, J13, L51, L84)
“Ein seltsam Spielen”: Narrative, Performance, and Impossible Voice in Mahler's Das klagende Lied
Authors: Lee Sherry
Published: August 2011

A quest, a murder, and musical retribution through a dead body part that sings: these are the elements of the folktale known as “The Singing Bone,” a traditional narrative that appears in numerous versions in both oral and literary European traditions. For decades, this tale has drawn the special attention of folklorists because of the remarkable and indeed sensational role played in it by music: its narrative reflects a fascinating ideology of the cultural power of music as the voice of the oppressed, while its musical interludes, chilling spectral songs sung by the bone of the murder victim, invoke the potent and at times unsettling effects of musical performance. Gustav Mahler's first large-scale work, Das klagende Lied, takes up this extraordinary narrative and translates its exceptional features into poetry and musical sound in a manner that especially foregrounds and amplifies the effects of a performing presence in both textual and musical dimensions. Mahler's narrative ballad is a multivoiced text whose temporal and vocal shifts create oscillations between narrative and drama, telling and enactment, giving rise to a remarkable instability of utterance from which repeated evocations of sound and voice emerge. Its musical setting delivers a discourse that similarly exhibits explicit moments of performance, temporal suspension, and sonic dislocation in both voices and orchestra. This extreme volatility of utterance and its resultant effects of presence become the means of the work's embodiment of its own narrative content, such that, in performance, it evokes an experience of the radical sonic rupture that is the story's theme—a theme that reverberates powerfully throughout Mahler's oeuvre.
Development of Helicopter Power Transmission System Technology
Authors: Yin Ze Yong , Fu Bi Bo , Xue Tong Bo , Wang Yong Hong , Gao Jie
Published: August 2011

The helicopter power transmission system technology is the key technical area for improving the helicopter performance, reducing the noise/vibration level of helicopters and decreasing the cost of life cycle of helicopters. In this paper, the technical characteristics of the helicopter power transmission system are introduced first. Then, the development history and trend of the transmission configuration, the component and the design and analysis technique of the transmission system are described. The advanced material and process technology applied in the helicopter power transmission system are also described. Finally, the power transmission system technology used in the high speed helicopters is briefly presented.
Dynamics Study of a Dynamic Balancing Linkage with Small Fluctuations in Load
Authors: Ren Tao , Qu Wen Tao , Sun Wen
Published: August 2011

The fluctuations of the net crank torque on crankshaft remain the main reasons of both higher motor input power and lower efficiency. The later results in high system energy cost. The paper presents a novel linkage model based on rocking-bar linkage. The linkage demonstrates a smaller fluctuation in net crank torque. Therefore the motor efficiency is improved and input power is reduced greatly. The new model enhances the system energy saving. By establishing the linkage dynamics models, analyses contrasting the effects of energy saving were performed under the actual load conditions.
The Application and Development of the High Speed Overrunning Clutch in the Transmission System of the Helicopter
Authors: Jiang Yan Ying , Yang Zhen Rong , Gao Jie
Published: August 2011

The overrunning clutch is one of the critical components that can engage and disengage according to the movement requirement of the power system and the rotor system. The merits of the different overrunning clutch are analyzed by the design characteristic, reliability, weight, process of the manufacture and so on. In the end, the application and development of the high speed overrunning clutch are discussed according to the characteristics of the transmission system that have high reliability, long life and light weight.
Effect of Tooth Surface Modification on the Load Sharing and Strength of Offset Face Gear Drive with Spur Involute Pinion
Authors: Wang Jin Hua , Shen Yun Bo , Yin Ze Yong , Gao Jie , Jiang Yan Ying
Published: August 2011

Load sharing is one of the main factors that determine gear strength. In this paper, Tooth Contact Analysis (TCA) and Loaded Tooth Contact Analysis (LTCA) have been performed to investigate the effect of tooth surface modification on the contact ratio, load sharing and strength of an orthogonal offset face gear drive with spur involute pinion. The results indicate that the contact ratio of 2.0 or higher could be achieved. The maximum load carried by single tooth and bending stress are significantly reduced when appropriate tooth surface modification is applied to the orthogonal offset face gear drive.
Longitudinal Dynamic Modeling of the Snowmobile Considering Fuel Economy
Authors: Du Xue Song , Liu Huai Ju , Zhu Cai Chao , Ding Hua Feng
Published: August 2011

Regulating line with the optimum fuel economy performance is investigated based on the universal characteristic map of the engine equipped on the snowmobile. The engine is supposed to run in a range near the optimum fuel economy performance regulating line with CVT speed regulating control. The dynamic model of the snowmobile is proposed, and simulation with Simulink is investigated. Though acceptable deviation occurs when compared with experimental results, reliability is validated for the model. With further amendments of the model, such as a further consideration of the slip state of the CVT when launching the snowmobile, the model can be applied to the practical engineering as an effective design tool.
Design, Analysis and Testing of a Mirco/Nano-Transmission Platform
Authors: Lin Chao , Yu Song Song , Cheng Kai , Tao Gui Bao
Published: August 2011

On the basis of geometrical characteristic of the mirco/nano-transmission platform(MNTP), its kinematics model and input/output motion are established by the theory of coordinate transformation. The stiffness model was derived using elasto-dynamics and Lagrange equation. In terms of ANSYS, the output displacement and stiffness of different degrees of freedom(DOF) was simulated. Actual output displacement about x axis and stiffness along z axis were obtained by experimental testing, the results of them obtained by theoretical computation, ANSYS simulation and testing were compared. A good agreement was achieved, which shows that the kinematics model, stiffness model, the design principle and experiments of the MNTP are correct.
The Application of Advanced Composite Material in Tail Driver Shaft of the Helicopter
Authors: Li Ke Feng , Xia Tian Hui
Published: August 2011

The helicopter tail drive shafts are designed by using aluminum alloy conventionally. The composite materials have the advantages of high strength ratio, good fatigue and erosion resistance. It can reduce weight 10%~30% than metal, and improve the pneumatic elasticity characteristics and flight performances of helicopter. This cannot be realized by using other materials. The design of the tail driver shaft has used composite material, so the advantages of light weight, good dynamic performances, high reliability, long life, excellent survivability can be achieved, and critical speed are increased. Torsional vibration problem of helicopter is also solved.
Analysis of Thermoelastic Instability on Multi-Disc Clutch
Authors: Yang Wei , Lu Guo Dong , Lv He Sheng
Published: August 2011

Thermoelastic instability of multi-disc clutch contributes to the failure of power transmission and as such multi-disc clutch is considered as a research object with a theory model built on perturbation method. The characteristic equations on the thermoelastic instability of geometrically symmetrical and antisymmetrical steel-disc are derived. The results are shown that both wave number and disc thickness have significant influences on the thermoelastic instability of the steel-disc. Choosing a larger wave number or a thicker steel-disc can prevent the thermoelastatic instability state in multi-disc clutch. Compared with the geometrically symmetrical steel-disc，the geometrically antisymmetrical steel-disc is more susceptible to thermoelastic instability.
Transmission System Health Management Technique
Authors: Cai Xian Xin , Guo Xiao Jun , Long Hai Yue
Published: August 2011

Health management techniques used by a helicopter transmission system, THM, are presented in this paper, including outline of the system, framework of the system and the procedures of the damage prediction. The improvement scheme of the system is proposed and investigated. THM has been tested in a process of a helicopter flying test, which indicates that techniques used here are effective.
Strength Analysis of Logix Gear Based on UG
Authors: Wang Jian Hua , Wang Yun Cheng , Xie Fei , Huang Xu
Published: August 2011

According to the tooth profile theory of Logix gear, this paper discussed a method of parametric modeling based on UG. By this method, 3D model of Logix gear with different parameters can be easily and quickly built, though tooth profile is complicated. And then, it analyzed the bending stress and contact stress of Logix gear. By comparison with the standard involute gear, it showed that Logix gear has higher bending and contact strength. So it is possible this type of gear can be applied in the case of heavy load. So it provided some practical technical guidance on the research of high strength gear and the application of Logix gear.
Analysis System of Marine Planetary Gear Trains
Authors: Liu Geng , Chang Shan , Wu Li Yan , Li Ying Sheng
Published: August 2011

Planetary gear train (PGT) with herringbone gears is one of typical transmission styles used in marine power transmission. How to effectively design a PGT with lighter structures and lower vibration and noise is a fatal task for heavily loaded marine gearing. An analysis system which was developed in the past decades is introduced in this paper to simulate the performance of planetary herringbone gear trains. The effects of main crucial parameters on the static and dynamic characteristics of planetary herringbone gear trains are studied by using the analysis system. The results are discussed and show that the presented system is effective and can be used in design of planetary herringbone gear trains.
Research of Simulation Technology in Low-Stress Machining on Tooth Surface of Spiral Bevel Gears Used in Aviation Industry
Authors: Wang Yan Zhong , Chen Yan Yan , Han Xiao , Wu Lin Feng , Zeng Hong
Published: August 2011

This paper had 3-dimensional models of a spiral bevel gear and a cutter in real size assembled in accordance with the milling process and transformed them into the finite element analysis (FEA) code. Then several researches on simulation methods of this milling system had been conducted, and stress distributions of gear surface after processing under different cutting conditions was given out, based on which a cause-effect study was carried out about the correlation between cutting parameters and the stress distribution, leading to methods of maintaining a low-stress condition during manufacturing.
A Simplified Approach Based Phase Angle for Tooth Contact Analysis of Planetary Gear Trains
Authors: Xu Kai , Liu Geng , Deng Xiao Zhong , Yang Jian Jun , Su Jian Xin
Published: August 2011

Planetary gear trains have many advantages in applications. In these advantages, quiet noise and slight vibration may be contribute to low Transmission Error (TE), which can be calculated by Tooth Contact Analysis (TCA). However, to obtain numerical solution of the meshing equations based on TCA for planetary gear trains is very difficult because of a large number of nonlinear equations and unknowns. A simplified method utilizing planet phase angle is investigated and the numerical solution of planetary gear trains TE by TCA can be realized in this paper.
Static Load Sharing in Power-Split Planetary Gear Trains
Authors: Li Yang , Liu Geng , Liu Guang Lei
Published: August 2011

Based on analyzing the mechanism of load sharing of power-split planetary gear trains, equivalent mesh errors are defined and introduced in this paper to take the deformations and manufacturing and assembling errors into account. The static equilibrium equation of planetary gear trains is established. Then the load sharing coefficients of a power-split planetary gear system are calculated. The results indicate that the load sharing of power input stage is worse than that of the power output stage in the power-split planetary gear system.
Deformation of Harmonic Drive in Transmission State Based on Contact Analysis with Shell Element Tooth
Authors: Chen Xiao Xia , Lin Shu Zhong , Xing Jing Zhong , Liu Yu Sheng
Published: August 2011

The displacement of tooth and the deformation of flexspline of harmonic drive in transmission state were studied by finite element model with shell element. A finite element model of flexspline based on shell element was built with taper teeth on the flexspline, and the contact relationship was defined by contact element between the flexspline and wave generator. The deformation distribution of the flexspline and the deformed position of the teeth on the flexspline were obtained by nonlinear contact analysis in ANSYS environment under the transmission forces according to the loading distribution in the reference. The position of teeth tip and teeth root in front, middle and back plane along teeth length were given by the deformation results. The research shows that the positions and orientations of the teeth in the planes have quite different distributions, which may influence mesh property evidently. The deformation in transmission state in the paper is of importance in heavy loading harmonic drive design because there is no theory results for flexspline in transmission state.
Using Lubricating Oil Filter Debris Analysis to Monitor Abnormal Wear of Aero-Engine
Authors: Zhu Zi Xin , Zheng Jun Zhong , Chen Dong
Published: August 2011

With the installation of finer oil filters in the lubrication system of aero-engine, the traditional wear analysis techniques such as Rotating Disc Electrode Atomic Emission Spectrometry Analysis (RDE-AES) become less efficient at detecting abnormal wear failure caused by large debris. These filters capture large debris containing large amounts of tribological information about the operation of an aero-engine. Removal and analysis of the filter debris has proved to be an effective tool for aero-engine health management by determining wear modes and observing failure progression providing long lead times for maintenance. An automated aero-engine oil filter debris analysis system was recently developed. This instrument could efficiently complete filter core washing, debris amount and size distribution analysis, and prepare a patch of the debris for further composition analysis.
Development and Application of Non-Contact Seal Assembly for High-Speed Shaft Ends
Authors: Liu Ping , Ou Qing Pei , Zhou Hong Bo , Li Min
Published: August 2011

Non-contact seal assembly for high-speed shaft ends is introduced. Fluid dynamic calculations and analyses have been made with FLUENT Software on the flowing in the front sealed cavity, the mid labyrinth-sealed cavity and the outside windshield cavity of the seal assembly. The results through the tests are in conformity with those in simulation analyses.
Experimental and Finite Element Analysis Approach for Fatigue of Unidirectional Fibrous Composites
Authors: Alireza Amiri Asfarjani , Sayid Adibnazari , Kazem Reza Kashyzadeh
Published: August 2011

Fibrous composites are finding more and more applications in aerospace, automotive, and naval industries. They have high stiffness and strength to weight ratio and good rating in regards to life time fatigue. Investigating mechanical behavior under dynamic loads to replace this material is very important. In the present article, investigate Fatigue of Unidirectional Fibrous Composites by using finite element analysis. So, to achieve this purpose Firstly, modeling fiber and matrix in separate case and simulated semi actual conditions, attained S-N curve of fiber and matrix and after that by using micromechanical model of combination fiber and matrix can approach S-N curve of Unidirectional Fibrous Composites. Finally, Comparisons of the finite element analysis of Ansys and the experimental predictions indicate based on three point bending fatigue testing that the results are satisfactorily in good agreement with each other which approves the power law assumption in the model.
Analysis of the Impact of In Situ Repair Technology on the Surface Integrity of Excavator Bucket Bores
Authors: Torims Toms , Ratkus Andris , Vilcāns Janis , Zarins Marcis , Rusa Aldis
Published: August 2011

The aim of this article is to outline the progress of research into how to develop economically and scientifically justified backhoe bucket borehole renewal technology using mobile on-site manufacturing equipment. The novel boring machine is deployed directly on the excavator bucket and thus does not require the complete dismantling of the damaged unit. These machining operations should achieve superior results: the repair quality must be equivalent to the new product. Surface roughness, shape and tolerances should correspond to the manufacturer’s requirements. Comprehensive analysis is therefore required of the technological regime’s impact on surface integrity, supported by clear recommendations for the optimal choice of the technological regimes.
Rheological Behavior of Semisolid Al-6.5wt%Si Alloy under Cyclic Shear Deformation
Authors: Luo Hong Chao , Yang Jun Mei , Sun Li Yuan , Ju Li Ping
Published: August 2011

In the present work, the MCF model for semisolid metal slurries (SSMS) is applied to investigate the thixotropy of the Al-6.5wt%Si alloy under cyclic shear deformation. The study shows that the semisolid Al-6.5wt%Si alloy has the behavior of thixotropy. The area of the hysteresis loop increases with decreasing the up-time, the initial shear rate and increasing resting time, solid volume fraction and maximum shear rate, respectively. These results have qualitative agreement with the experimental data. The origin of the hysteresis loop is atrributed to the difference between the deagglomeration rate and the agglomeration rate.
Microwave Synthesis of Dicalcium Silicate: — Comparison with Conventional Synthesis
Authors: Jiang Hong Zhou , Hao Qiang , Zhou Jian , Li Juan Juan
Published: August 2011

Dicalcium silicate, whose chemical formula is Ca2SiO4= 2CaO·SiO2, is a typical cementitious mineral phase, especially in Portland cement clinker. In the past, to study this mineral, it was common to use some conventional heating methods, e.g. flame heating, radiation heating etc. Whereas, in our study, the microwave (or MW in brief) heating method is used to synthesize this mineral, because MW heating method has several advantages in fabricating materials. In order to seek the characteristics of MW heating method in synthesizing this mineral, a conventional synthesizing method (i. e. electric radiation heating) is also used in our parallel experiments, so as to compare the results between experimental samples with both methods. All related samples are measured with XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (scanning electron microscopy), then their results are discussed.
Performance of Belite-Barium Calcium Sulphoaluminate Cement Prepared by Substituting Fly Ash for Clay
Authors: Zhao Pi Qi , Zong Wen , Wang Shou De , Wang Gui Yun , Lu Ling Chao
Published: August 2011

The mineral structure and performance of belite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement clinkers were investigated by petrographic analysis, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results showed that the minerals of calcium barium sulphoaluminate (C2.75B1.25A3) and C2S could coexist in the belite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement clinker, and the optimal sintering temperature was 1380°C, at which, more C2.75B1.25A3was formed, well developed and also evenly distributed in the optimal sintering condition. If the sintering temperature exceeded 1380°C, the decomposition of C2.75B1.25A3 would speed up and the C3S became inactivate for its excessive development. In the optimal sintering condition, the compressive strength of the prepared cement at 3, 7, 28 d were 32.6, 47.9, 88.5 MPa respectively, which exhibited excellent mechanical properties.
Y3Al5O12 Nanocrystallites Prepared from a Novel Crystalline Precursor
Authors: Han Rong Jiang , Gao Dan , Chen Ke Zheng
Published: August 2011

A novel crystalline precursor for preparing Y3Al5O12 (YAG) nanocrystallite was synthesized via a co-precipitation method using (NH4)2CO3 solution as the precipitator. The precursor was characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), thermal gravimetry (TG), differential thermal gravimetry (DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The empirical chemical formula of the crystalline precursor can be expressed as 5[(NH4)2Al6(CO3)3(OH)14]×9[Y2(CO3)3×3H2O] according to the test results. The measured weight loss of 46.7% of the precursor without consideration of the absorbed water is in accord with the calculated value of 47.5% according to the above empirical formula. The phase-pure YAG nanocrystallites were obtained by calcining the above precursors at 900°C for 2 hours in air atmosphere. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) result showed that the particle size of YAG nanocrystallites is 40-80 nm. The mechanism of themal decomposition of the crystalline precursor was also presented.
Influence of Treatment of Hydrogen Plasma on Field Emission Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Films
Authors: Fan Zhi Qin , Ou Hai Feng , Li Rui , Cai Gen Wang , Zhang Jun De
Published: August 2011

Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) films were fabricated by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) on stainless steel substrates. In order to study the reason that its emission current weakens, the CNTs films were treated by hydrogen plasma. The research discovered that the hydrogen plasma treatment to the carbon nanotubes films reduced the surface work function of the film and its filed emission current, this mainly due to the etching of hydrogen plasma to sp2 carbon on the surface, it leads emission area to decrease.
Electrocatalytic Reduction of Nitrite at Carbon-Nanotube-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Sun Dan Zi
Published: August 2011

Carbon-nanotube(CNT)-modified glassy carbon electrodes exhibiting strong electrocatalytic response toward nitrite are described. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry are used to investigate the electrocatalytic property of CNT-modified glassy carbon electrode toward the reduction of nitrite. The modified electrode could be used for nitrite sensing.
Characterization and their Fluorescence of Fe3+-Doped La2Zr2O7 Nanocrystals by a Salt-Assistant Combustion Method
Authors: Bai Yun Shan , Lu Lu De , Bao Jian Chun
Published: August 2011

Nanocrystalline Fe3+-doped La2Zr2O7 series solid solutions were prepared by a convenient salt-assisted combustion process using glycine as fuel. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results showed the La ion can be partially replaced by Fe ion. The partial substituted products were still single-phase solid solutions and the crystal form remained unchanged. TEM images reveal that the products are composed of well-dispersed square-shaped nanocrystals. The method provides a convenient and low-cost route for the synthesis of nanostructures of oxide materials. The fluorescence of La1.8Fe0.2Zr2O7 nanocrystals was evaluated by the UV-visible absorption spectra and the fluorescence spectra. The results indicate that (LaxFe1-x)2Zr2O7 nanocrystals prepared by this method are a kind of potential fluorescent-emitted material.
Catalytic Properties of Ni3Al Foils for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Hirano Toshiyuki , Xu Ya , Demura Masahiko
Published: August 2011

This paper presents the characteristic features of the catalytic properties of the cold-rolled Ni3Al foils for methanol decomposition which were developed in our group. Methanol was effectively decomposed into H2 and CO over the foils above 713 K. The production rates of H2 and CO increased with an increase of time during the initial period of reaction, indicating that the Ni3Al foils were spontaneously activated under the reaction conditions. Surface analyses revealed that fine Ni particles dispersed on carbon nanofibers formed on the foils during the reaction. The high catalytic performance of the foils can be attributed to the spontaneous formation of this nanostructure during the reaction.
The Electrical and Optical Properties of Al-Doped ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Song Jia , Mu Hai Chuan , Jiang Lai Xing , Yin Gui Lin , Yu Zhen , He Dan Nong
Published: August 2011

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films (~100nm) with low electrical resistivity and high transparency have been prepared by atomic layer deposition on glass and Si(111) substrates at 200 °C with different doping sequence. The films were systematically analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV-vis spectroscopy and Hall measurement. XRD patterns showed that all the films were well crystallized with hexagonal wurtzite structure with preferred orientation along (100) plane. The resisitivity of films deposited with doping sequence of DEZ/TMA/H2O was lower than that with other doping sequences. Results from SEM showed a worm-like shape and similar grain sizes of AZO films. Optical transparency of AZO films was measured to be >90% for wavelengths of 400-1000 nm.
Photocatalytic Properties of F-TiO2/Ti Photoelectrodes Prepared by Microarc Oxidation Method under Visible Light Illumination
Authors: Xin Yan Jun , Cui De Jie
Published: August 2011

Wormhole-shaped F-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes were prepared by microarc oxidation method in NaF solution. The morphology and structure of the photoelectrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). It was found that F-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes were porous and composed of anatase TiO2. The photocatalytic properties of F-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes were investigated by photodiscoloration rate of Rhodamine B(Rh.B) under different conditions. All results showed that the photoelectrodes prepared at voltage of 160V, NaF concentration of 0.01mol/L and oxidation time of 10min have optimal photocatalytic performance. Rh.B was almost completely removed by F-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes after 120min under the illumination of artificial visible light.
The Synthesis of New Rhodanine Ramification and Application in Determine Trace Bismuth
Authors: Wan Fu Wei , Zhang Meng , Wang Shao Wei , Yu Jing Hua
Published: August 2011

A new type rhodanine ramification 3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-5 (2'- arsenoxylphenylazo)- rhodanine (4MORAAP) was prepared as fluorescent reagent in this paper. A new pectrofluorimetry method was proposed to determine the trace bismuth based on the reaction between potassium periodate and 4MORAAP. The fluorescence intensity was found to be quenched by the oxidation of 4MORAAP by potassium periodate with bismuth as catalyst in the buffer medium of potassium hydrogen phthalate-sodium hydroxide (pH=5.2). Under the optimum conditions, the fluorescent intensity was correlated to be linear with the concentration of bismuth over the range of 2.0×10-7-1.8×10-6 g×L-1 and the detection limit was 2.9×10-8 g×L-1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2.4 % for determined1.0×10-6 g×L-1 bismuth (n=11). The method was proved to be sensitive and selective and was successfully applied to determine trace bismuth in domestic water.
The Phosphorus Removal Characteristics of Grain-Slag as Filter Media
Authors: Feng Yan , Yu Yan Zhen , Li Man Tun , Cheng Lei
Published: August 2011

A novel filter media-grain slag as filter media for the removal of phosphorous studied in the paper. The characteristics of grain-slag and haydite such as total porosity, total surface area, pore size distribution, apparent and bulk density, crystal structures and chemical composition were evaluated for the two materials firstly. The data of pore characteristics and surface morphology of filter materials showed grain-slags were superior to haydites in many ways, including higher total porosity, larger total surface area and lower density. These characteristics were essential for filter materials. Subsequently, the pH of solution and contact time was evaluated in batch phosphate sorption experiments for the two materials. The results showed the phosphate removal rate of grain-slag was higher than haydite. The phosphate removal of the grain-slag tended to decrease with increasing initial pH above neutral. Therefore, grain-slag application, as a novel process of treating phosphorus with wastes, provided a promising way in grain slag utilization.
Preparation and Oxygen Intake/Release Characteristics of YBaCo2Fe2O7
Authors: Zhang Su Mei , Song Hong Zhang , Su Xin Hong , Jia Jian Feng , Yang De Lin , Sun Hong Wei , Hu Xing
Published: August 2011

A novel compound YBaCo2Fe2O7 was synthesized successfully under low surrounding oxygen partial pressure by selecting raw materials Fe2O3 and Fe to fix the oxygen content to “O7” in YBaCo2Fe2O7. Its oxygen intake/release characteristics were investigated by the thermogravimetric (TG) analysis from room temperature to 1150°C. The YBaCo2Fe2O7 sample exhibits a weak oxygen intake capability at lower temperature 360°C. On the other hand, the oxygen intake/release cycles of YBaCo2Fe2O7 were investigated between 340°C and 410°C. The experimental results show that it has good and stable oxygen intake/release reproducibility, and that its mass change of oxygen reaches 0.6% of its original mass within 40 minutes. However, after partial substitution, the oxygen storage capability of YBaCo2Fe2O7 is worse than YBaCo4O7. The previous results mean that YBaCo2Fe2O7 is not enough as a novel candidate for oxygen storage or separation materials.
Floc’s Formation and Settlement of Organic Poly-Silicic-Ferric Coagulant
Authors: Fu Ying , Zhang Xin Yu , Shil Nan , Zhang Ji Chao
Published: August 2011

A new coagulant, organic poly-silicic-ferric (OPSF) was prepared by adding dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) in poly-silicic-ferric (PSF) coagulant. The process of floc’s formation and settlement during the coagulation process was investigated, in comparison with that of PSF. The results show that OPSF gave higher speed of floc formation and precipitate than PSF, and large flocs of OPSF were formed faster than PSF. The floc density of OPSF was greater than that of PSF, thus leading to much less amount of OPSF flocs in the supernatant than that of PSF after basically full settlement.
Catalytic Synthesis of Dioctyl Phthalate over Al-MCM-41 Molecular Sieves
Authors: Zhou Hua Feng , Yang Yong Jin , Zhang Jin Son
Published: August 2011

In this paper, mesoporous MCM-41 and Al-MCM-41(Si/Al =100, 70, 40, 10, 5) molecular sieves were synthesized by direct hydrothermal process and characterized by various analytical techniques. Their catalytic performance in the synthesis of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) was also studied. The results show that while keeping the mesostructure of Al-MCM-41(Si/Al=100, 70, 40), increasing Al content can increase the acidity and so forth effectively improve the catalytic activity. But too much aluminum incorporation can destroy the structure of Al-MCM-41(Si/Al=10). The Al-MCM-41 molecular sieves with proper Si/Al ratios have good catalytic activity and stability in DOP synthesis. When Al-MCM-41(40) was used as the catalyst, A high PA conversion of 98.45% can be reached in 4 h. After being reused for five times, Al-MCM-41(40) still remains good catalytic activity.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Photoluminescence of Eu(Phen)(DMF)2(NO3)3 (Phen = Phenanthroline and DMF = N,N-Dimethylformamide)
Authors: Miao Jin Ling , Bian De Qian , Nie Yong , Xu Mei Ling , Peng Bin , Li Dong Dong , Zhang Zhen Wei , Hu Chun Hua
Published: August 2011

A new Eu(III) complex Eu(phen)(DMF)2(NO3)3 (1) containing phenanthroline (phen) and DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) as ligands has been synthesized and characterized by IR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The photoluminescence property of 1 is investigated to show the characteristic emission of the Eu(III) ion.
Fabrication and Properties of 1-3 Polymer Modified Cement Based Piezoelectric Composites
Authors: Guo Li Li , Li Mi Mi , Sun Min , Xu Dong Yu , Huang Shi Feng
Published: August 2011

A piezoelectric ceramic(lead niobium lithium zirconate titanate, P(LN)ZT), sulphoaluminate cement and polymer were used to fabricate polymer modified cement based piezoelectric composites by cut-filling technique. The influence of P(LN)ZT volume fraction on the electromechanical properties and acoustic impedance of composite was investigated. Comparing with P(LN)ZT Piezoelectric ceramic, the vibration at thickness mode of 1-3 type piezoelectric composite is strengthened, and the electromechanical quality factor is reduced. When P(LN)ZT volume fraction is 30.86%, the acoustic impedance value is 8.24 M rayl, which is close to that of the concrete (9.0 M rayl), and this is suitable for the non destructive inspection.
Study on Preparation and Sensitive Properties of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) / Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Thermo-Sensitive Hydrogel
Authors: Zhang Mei , Xu Tian Yu , Cui Yan , Sun Da Hui
Published: August 2011

Thermo-sensitive hydrogel have broad application prospects in biochemistry, medicine and other fields. In this paper, PEG as low melting point polymer was grafted at PVA which was as polymer framework of high melting point by copolymerization, a serials of new reversible phase-change materials were obtained and thermo-sensitive hydrogel were prepared because of their swelling properties. The hydrogel swelling behavior was analyzed, thermo-sensitive properties analysis was made by using DSC method, xerogel phase transition behavior was also studied and through which the relationship between PEG phase transition temperature and thermo-sensitive behaviors of the hydrogel was studied. The results showed that the thermo-sensitive hydrogel phase transition temperature was in the range of 36.3~43°C,and the phase transition temperature and the temperature sensitivity existed a certain relationship.
Preparation of TbBO3 Powder and Growth of TbBO3 Crystal
Authors: Cao Li Li , Chen Yi Yong , Lin Chan Juan , Shen Ze Bin , Guo Fei Yun , Ye Jing , Chen Jian Zhong
Published: August 2011

Triclinic and hexagonal structure of TbBO3 was synthesized by Sol-Gel combustion method and high temperature solid state method respectively. The TbBO3 crystal was grown by fluxing Czochralski(CZ) method and LiBO2 as flux. The crystal structure was studied by FT-IR and DTA. The results of powder magnetic susceptibility of hexagonal one showed that TbBO3 may be a good candidate magneto optical material.
Microstructure Analysis of Mechanical Energy Aided Aluminized Layer on Stainless Steel
Authors: Wang Xiu Chun , Li Mu Sen , Li Qing Gang , Zhang Jing , Ma Jie
Published: August 2011

Mechanical energy aided aluminizing process was applied on 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel. Aluminized layer of 30-180μm was obtained after heat preservation for 3h at low temperature of 650-700°C. The microstructure of aluminized layer and the mechanical energy aided aluminizing mechanism were analyzed. Aluminized layer consists of three major phase, pure Al layer, Me2Al7phase layer and Me2Al5 & MeAl two-phase layer, respectively. Me2Al5 and MeAl of the two-phase layer have different Ni content, with the precipitated phase of chromium-silicon compounds.
The Thickness Thinning Criterion of Vacuum Forming Refrigerator Inner Liner for HIPS
Authors: Su Wen Bin , Li Tao , Sun Xiang Bing , Liu Bao Jian
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the regularity of thickness thinning was analyzed from the perspective of controlling the plastic deformation energy during the forming process, then a thickness thinning criterion based on vacuum forming was proposed, and then the forming mechanism of thickness thinning was revealed. Experiment results have shown that the proposed thickness thinning criterion can predict the quality of refrigerator inner liner under new forming condition effectively.
Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Preparation and Adsorption of Phenylalanine
Authors: Lu Fu Guang , Xi Yu Lei , Lv Zhen , Fan Lu Lu , Qiu Hua Min , Luo Chuan Nan
Published: August 2011

Molecular imprinting technology was employed to produce one kind of Phenylalanine ( Phe) molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP)by precipitation polymerization using Phe, anhydrous alcohol, acrylamide, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and azobisisobutyronitrile as template, porogen, functional monomer, cross-linker and initiator respectively. In this study, the polymerization conditions were optimized. The template on particle size and morphology of polymers were investigated in detail by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and adsorption isotherm determination. The binding properties of Phe on imprinted polymers were evaluated in water by equilibrium rebinding experiments, and the maximum number of adsorption was 0.60 mmol/g. It is indicated that the existence of binding sites in imprinted polymers was proved and the binding sites showed good specific and selective capability to the template molecule Phe. So the polymers would be used to separate Phe from medicine and food.
Kinetic Modelling and Finite Element Simulation of Natural Rubber Non-Isothermal Vulcanization
Authors: Yao Wei Guo , Jia Yu Xi , Wang Xiao Xia
Published: August 2011

On the basis of kinetic equations constructed in the isothermal vulcanization of natural rubber (NR), a new numerical computation expression of cure degree under non-isothermal conditions is established by the incremental method. The numerical simulation of the vulcanization stage in injection molding processes of NR is performed by the finite element method, and then the time and position-dependent changes in the cure degree are analyzed numerically. The simulation results are consistent with the results described in the previous literatures. The valuable vulcanization characteristics obtained in the simulation will help engineers in the optimum design of processing conditions.
Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Conjugated Polyfluorene Derivative
Authors: Yan Mei , Gao Wei Qiang , Ge Shen Guang , Huang Jia Dong , Yu Jing Hua
Published: August 2011

A Novel Polyfluorene Derivative, Poly[(9,9-Bis(3'-(N,N-Dimethylamino)propyl)-2,7- Fluorene)-Alt-2,7-(9,9- P-Divinylbenzene)] (P-1) Was Synthesized by the Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Coupling Reaction and it’s Quaternized Ammonium Polyelectrolyte Derivatives Was Obtained through a Postpolymerization Treatment on the Terminal Amino Groups. the Electrochemical and Optical Properties of the Resulting Copolymers Was Fully Investigated. the Results Showed that the New Polyfluorene Derivative Had Potential Useful in Used as Materials for Electronic Conductivity, Chemical and Biological Sensors that Derive from its Highly Conductive and Strong Fluorescence.
Preparation of a Thermo-Sensitive Poly(N-Acryloyl Alanine Methyl Ester) for Controlled Drug Release
Authors: Deng Kui Lin , Zhong Hai Bin , Shi Yu’e , Zuo Jian , Jiang Chun Yan , Li Na , Ji Xiao Jing , Zhang Peng Fei , Ren Xiao Bo
Published: August 2011

A novel thermo-sensitive poly(N-acryloyl alanine methyl ester) (PAAME) was synthesized by radical polymerization. The structures of the corresponding monomer and polymer have been confirmed by1H NMR and FTIR measurements. The thermo-sensitivity of PAAME was investigated by measuring their lower critical solution temperatures (LCST) in pure water and at different pH solution. The results indicated that PAAME exhibited a reversible thermo-sensibility in its aqueous solutions at 17.7 °C. The drug release study showed that 72% caffeine was released from hydrogel at 37 °C after 6 hours, while more than 94% caffeine was gradually diffused into the medium at 18 °C.
Reinforcement of Hydroxyapatite with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Lu Zhi Hua , Sun Kang Ning , Zhao Dong Mei
Published: August 2011

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) reinforced hydroxyapatite (HA) composite was fabricated by in-situ method and followed by hot-pressing sintering; the influence of MWNTs’ content on the mechanical and microstructure properties was explored. The results show that adding MWNTs within a certain range could enhance the mechanical properties of HA matrix significantly. The maximal increment of the bending strength and fracture toughness of the composites, compared with the pure HA, were 157% and 171% respectively. XRD and TEM showed that the primary crystal phase of the composite was HA together with the diffraction peaks of carbon nanotube. By SEM, we found that MWNTs are homogeneously dispersed within grains or at grain boundaries of the HA matrix in composites which MWNTs’ content was not more than 15vol%, otherwise MWNTs tended to be agglomerated. The reinforcement mechanism was discussed based on the microstructure investigation. The broken nanotubes and pullout of MWNTs at interfaces were efficient in transferring the load from the HA matrix to the nanotubes, leading to the improvement of the mechanical properties.
Study on Properties of Crops Fiber/Gypsum Composites
Authors: Yuan Hai Yan , Liu Min Rong , Li Guo Zhong
Published: August 2011

This work aims to evaluate the effect of cotton stalk fibers with styrene acrylic emulsion treatment, slag and ordinary Portland cement on the properties of crops fiber/gypsum composites. The results show that crops fibers with surface treatment, slag and ordinary Portland cement can increase the bending strength and improve the water-proof property of crops fiber/gypsum composites obviously. The fracture surface of crops fiber/gypsum composites were observed by SEM, and the action mechanism of the crops fibers, slag and ordinary Portland cement on crops fiber/gypsum composites were discussed.
Effect of Coupling Agent Modify Filler on the Electrical Properties of Sheet Molding Compounds
Authors: Jin De Liang , Huang Zhi Xiong , Zhou Yong
Published: August 2011

This text have studied the effect of electrical properties of sheet molding compound (SMC), by adding different amount of Aluminum hydroxide powder which was modified by titanate coupling agent. By testing oil absorption value, we can obtain the optimum dosage of coupling agent. The results showed that oil absorption value of the powder can reach minimum when the dosage of coupling agent was 2% .After the modification of aluminum hydroxide powder, the biggest amount of filled powder will increase and the volume resistivity can improve approximately 30%. When the same amount of Aluminum hydroxide powder was added, dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the modified products is less than that of unmodified.
Studying the Structure and Semiconductor Properties of Passive Film on 316SS by XPS and Capacitance Measurement
Authors: Yang Feng , Yang Gen Xi
Published: August 2011

In borate buffer solution, anodic oxide passive film was formed on 316SS at 0.6 VSCE. Chemical composition and semiconductor properties of the film were studied by XPS and capacitance measurement. It’s determined from the results that the film has duplex structure with inner oxide layer and outer hydroxide layer. The inner layer behaves as p-type semiconductor, while the outer layer shows n-type semiconductor. A p-n junction is formed at the interface of outer and inner layer, and it plays an important role in the protective effect on the metal matrix.