bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Profiling of Piper betle L. and Piper nigrum L. Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Integrative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds Based on FT-IR, GC-MS, and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Yasir Budiman , Mus Suwahyuni , Rahimah Sitti , Tandiongan Rein Mostatian , Klara Kasandra Putri , Afrida Nurul , Nisaa Nur Rezky Khairun , Risna Risna , Jur Agum Wahyudha , Alam Gemini , Rohman Abdul
Published: October 2024

This study explored the antimicrobial potential of Piper betle L. (PBL) and Piper nigrum L. (PNL) extracts against MRSA. Plant parts including stem, leaf, and fruit were extracted using aquadest, methanol, and hexane, resulting in 18 distinct extracts. FT-IR combined with cluster analysis (CA) categorized the extracts, and anti-MRSA activity was assessed through the paper disk dif-fusion method. The most potent extracts were further analyzed using GC-MS to identify bioac-tive compounds. Additionally, molecular docking studies were conducted for MRSA protein targets (4DKI, 6H5O, and 4CJN). The hexane extract of PNL and the aqueous extract of PBL fruit showed the strongest inhibitory effects. GC-MS identified Piperine (14.22%) and Diisooctyl phthalate (14.67%) as major compounds, with Piperolein B, Piperanine, Beta-caryophyllene ox-ide, and Alpha-caryophylladienol as minor compounds in the hexane extract of PNL, while hy-droxychavicol (81.89%) and Chavibetol (12.01%) were predominant in the aquadest extract of PBL. Molecular docking revealed that Piperolein B and Piperine had strong binding affinities to MRSA proteins 4DKI, 6H5O, and 4CJN, comparable to ciprofloxacin. In conclusion, this study confirms the potential of PBL and PNL as sources of novel anti-MRSA agents, supporting fur-ther research to develop new therapies.
Thermodynamic Models of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC): A Review
Authors: Marcantonio Vera , Scopel Lucrezia
Published: October 2024

In the delicate context of climate change and global warming new technologies are being investigated in order to reduce pollution. The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stands out as one of the most promising fuel cell technologies for directly converting chemical energy into electrical energy, with the added benefit of potential integration into co-generation systems due to its high-temperature waste heat. They also offer multi-fuel flexibility, being able to operate on hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, and more. Additionally, they could contribute to carbon sequestration efforts and, when paired with a gas turbine, achieve the highest efficiency in electricity generation for power plants. However, their development is still challenged by issues related to high-temperature materials, the design of cost-effective materials and manufacturing processes, and the optimization of efficient plant designs.To better understand SOFC operation, numerous mathematical models have been developed to solve transport equations coupled with electrochemical processes for three primary configurations: tubular, planar, and monolithic. These models capture reaction kinetics, including internal reforming chemistry. Recent advancements in modeling have significantly improved the design and performance of SOFCs, leading to a sharp rise in research contributions. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current state of SOFC modeling, highlighting key challenges that remain unresolved for further investigation by researchers.
Speech Emotion Recognition Using Multiscale Global-Local Representation Learning with Feature Pyramid Network
Authors: Wang Yuhua , Huang Jianxing , Zhao Zhengdao , Lan Haiyan , Zhang Xinjia
Published: October 2024

Speech emotion recognition (SER) is important in facilitating natural human-computer interactions. In speech sequence modelling, a vital challenge is to learn context-aware sentence expression and temporal dynamics of para-linguistic features to achieve unambiguous emotional semantic understand-ing. In previous studies, the SER method based on the single-scale cascade feature extraction module could not effectively preserve the temporal structure of speech signals in the deep layer, downgrading the sequence modeling performance. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-scale feature pyramid network to mitigate the above limitations. With the aid of the bi-directional feature fusion of the pyramid network, the emotional representation with adequate temporal semantics is obtained. Experiments on the IEMOCAP corpus demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods and achieve competitive results under speaker-independent validation.
Evaluating Traffic Efficiency and Safety of Mixed Human-driven and Connected Automated Vehicles for the Freeway Hard Shoulder Running Strategy
Authors: Zhi Ye , Zhang Zhengping , Zhou Wenhui , Hou Dongyang , Zhang Jun
Published: October 2024

Most existing the freeway hard shoulder running (HSR) strategy literature only focuses on the traffic flow with human-driven vehicles (HDVs) but neglects the possible impacts of connected automated vehicles (CAVs) with various penetration rates on the macroscopic traffic flow. The purpose of this paper is to detect whether the effects of mixed traffic flow for the freeway HSR strategy differ the traditional traffic flow or not. An approach based on microscopic simulation with factorial experimental design is adopted in this study, and novel results are obtained from the discussion and statistical analyses of simulation results. The results showed that the penetration rates of CAVs have a positive influence both on the traffic efficiency and safety on freeway HSR regardless of the prevailing traffic flow conditions. Furthermore, the implementation of the HSR strategy has the potential to markedly enhance traffic efficiency across a range of varying traffic demands. However, different speed limits for the HSR can lead to varying degrees of efficiency improvement under different traffic demands. Finally, we find a complex interplay between traffic flow conditions and the impact of HSR on TTC values and overall traffic safety.
Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Regeneration with Chitosan-Based Biomaterials
Authors: Rondón Jairo , Gutiérrez Yvvonna , Saucedo-Vázquez Juan Pablo , Ávila Edward
Published: October 2024

Chitosan-based hydrogels are promising in bone tissue regeneration due to their biocompatibility, tunable properties, and ability to mimic the extracellular matrix. With high water content and porous structure, they can encapsulate bioactive agents for controlled release. Chitosan, derived from chitin in crustacean exoskeletons and fungi, possesses mechanical qualities ideal for biomedical applications. This study will evaluate recent advances in chitosan hydrogels for bone regeneration, focusing on their efficacy, mechanisms, and challenges in clinical settings.
Effective Predictor Factors for Lymphy Node Metastasis and Survival in Patients with Betel Nut-Ralated Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Jiun-Sheng , Lai Yih-Shan , Liu Chung-Ji
Published: October 2024

Background: Statistics from the Ministry of Health and Welfare reported oral cancer as one of the most prevalent malignant cancers, with the third highest incidence and the fifth leading cause of death among men in Taiwan. Lymph node metastasis in oral cancer usually has a low survival rate, with no significant improvement in the past 30 years. Therefore, a more effective survival predictor is warranted. Many cancer studies revealed that monitoring tumor thickness and lymph node density, in addition to tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stages, can provide more accurate predictions.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from 612 patients with oral cancer who had the habit of chewing betel nuts. The study focused on tumor thickness, lymph node density, and the regional distribution of lymph node metastasis to determine their effectiveness as predictors.Results: The results revealed that a tumor thickness of 6 mm indicated cervical lymph node metastasis and was the optimal cutoff point for overall survival. The optimal cutoff value for lymph node density was 0.04. Patients with a tumor thickness of >6 mm and a lymph node density of >0.04 had significantly lower overall survival rates. Additionally, patients with >1 lymph node metastasis level and lower cervical metastasis exhibited a relatively worse prognosis.Conclusion: Therefore, in addition to TNM staging, tumor thickness, lymph node density and metastasis level are suitable as a parameter for predictors that can be used as references for adjuvant therapies for better therapeutic effects.
Real-Life Use of Filgotinib in Rheumatoid arthritis:A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Raimondo Vincenzo , Caminiti Maurizio , Olivo Domenico , Gigliotti Pietro , L'Andolina Massimo , Muto Pietro , Pellegrini Roberta , Varcasia Giuseppe , Bruno Caterina , Massaro Laura , Pagano Mariano Giuseppa , Luppino Jessica Maria Elisa , Cirillo Mariateresa , Caira Virginia , Calabria Marilena , Ciaffi Jacopo , Ferri Clodoveo , Ursini Francesco
Published: October 2024

Background: In the aftermath of the ORAL Surveillance trial, real-world studies are needed to elucidate the effectiveness and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) in routine clinical practice. Methods: We performed a multicenter, retrospective cohort study investigating the real-life effectiveness and safety of filgotinib, a novel JAK1 inhibitor, in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Demographic information, disease characteristics, prior treatment history, and comorbid conditions, were retrieved from clinical records at baseline (T0) and after 3 (T3) and 6 months (T6) of treatment. Results: A total of 82 patients (63 women) agreed to participate in the study, of which 39 (47.6%) were older than 65 years. Average RA duration was 13 ± 9 years; 19 patients (23.1%) were current or former smokers and 4 patients (4.9%) had a past history of cardiovascular events. Most patients had previously received at least one biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (range: 1–6+); in addition, 11 patients (13.4%) had been already exposed to another JAKi. During the follow-up, 7 patients discontinued treatment due to primary failure (n = 3) or adverse events (n = 4). Significant reductions in pain and number of tender and swollen joints were observed at T3 and T6. A relevant proportion of patients achieved DAS28-CRP remission at T3 and T6 (46.3% and 66.2%, respectively). Conclusion: Our data provide additional insight into the effectiveness and safety of filgotinib in a real-world setting, even among patients with difficult-to-treat RA and a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.
On the Game-Based Approach to Optimal Design
Authors: Kobelev Vladimir
Published: October 2024

A game problem of structural design is defined as a problem of playing against external circumstances. The scalar criterion serves the function of the payoff function. There are two classes of players, the “ordinal” and “cardinal” players. The ordinal players, designated as the "operator" and "nature," endeavor to respectively minimize or maximize the payoff function, operating within the constraints of limited resources. The fundamental premise of this study is that the probability distribution governing nature's "choice" of states remains unknown. Statistical decision theory addresses decision-making scenarios where these probabilities, whether or not they are known, must be considered. The solution to the substratum game is expressed as a value of the game. The value of the game is contingent upon the design parameters. The cardinal players, "designers", oversee the design parameters. For the se single cardinal player, the pursuit of the maximum and minimum values of the game reduces to the problem of optimal design. In the event that there are multiple cardinal players with conflicting objectives, a superstratum game emerges, which addresses the interests of the superstratum players. The optimal design problems for games with closed forms are presented. The game formulations could be applied for optimal design with uncertain loading.
Characterization of Different Mango (Mangifera indica) Varieties of South Punjab
Authors: Shahid Amna , Ikhlaq Muhammad , Noreen Ammara , Amjad Muhammad Ammar , Bashir Muhammad Azhar , Rasool Fatima , Latif Amna
Published: October 2024

One of the great and popular fruit produces in tropical and subtropical areas of the world is the mango (Mangifera indica Linn.), stated as the "King of Fruits,". Varietal description is a vital constituent of mango enhancement and breeding. Objective of this study was choosing important morphological and biochemical indicators for mangos to serve as future reference points for varietal identification and breeding efforts was another objective. These varieties include Anwar Ratol, Azeem Chaunsa, Alishan, Dusehri, Haiden. The results of this investigation support the hypothesis that there is substantial variance among genotypes depending on physical and biochemical attributes.  South Punjab has a varied germplasm that can be castoff for crossbreeding, and effective exploration will be carried out to fully realize the probable. Description is therefore a crucial prerequisite for initiating a breeding effort.
Disturbance Observer Based Backstepping Terminal Sliding Mode Aeroelastic Control of Airfoils
Authors: Liu Shiqian , Yang Congjie , Zhang Qian , Whidborne James F.
Published: October 2024

This paper studies on aeroelastic control for the two-dimensional airfoil-flap system with unknown gust disturbances and model uncertainties. Open loop limit cycle oscillation (LCO) happens at the post-flutter speed. Structural stiffness of the aeroelastic system is represented by nonlinear polynomials. To robustly suppress aeroelastic vibration within finite time, a backstepping terminal sliding mode control (BTSMC) is proposed. In addition a learning rate is incorporating into the backstepping TSMC to adjusthow fast the aeroelastic response converges to zero. In order to overcome the limitation of the BTSMC design that it is dependent on prior knowledge, a nonlinear disturbance-observer (DO) is designed to estimate the variable observable disturbances. The closed-loop aeroelastic control system is proved to be globally asymptotically stable and converge within finite time by using Lyapunov theory. Simulation results of an aeroelastic two-dimensional airfoil with both trailing-edge (TE) and leading-edge (LE) control surfaces show that the proposed DO-BTSMC is effective for flutter suppression, even when subjected to gusts and parameter uncertainties.
Addressing Generation Z Anxiety: Electroacupuncture Therapy Modulates Oxidative Stress and Microglial Activity in the Basolateral Amygdala of Socially Isolated Mice
Authors: Yin Tong , Li Yuanchao , Wang Yinxin , Yuan Junyun , Lin Yuanfang , Zhen Hao , Ming Kangwen , Lv Hang
Published: October 2024

Anxiety is a prevalent mental health disorder that significantly impairs daily functioning and social interactions. While pharmacological treatments can be effective, they are often limited by challenges such as treatment resistance, side effects, and relapse. Electroacupuncture (EA) has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for anxiety, though its mechanisms of action remain largely unexplored. This study investigates the role of microglial cells in anxiety and examines how EA influences microglial morphology and function in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) in a model of social isolation-induced anxiety. Using a socially isolated mouse model, we assessed anxiety-like behaviors through the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and Open Field Test (OFT), and conducted biochemical analyses and immunofluorescence imaging to evaluate NOX2 expression, microglial activation, and oxidative stress markers. Our results show that EA significantly alleviates anxiety-like behaviors, reduces NOX2 expression in BLA microglia, lowers reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and enhances microglial morphology. These findings suggest that EA exerts its anxiolytic effects by modulating oxidative stress and microglial activity in the BLA, offering new insights into the cellular mechanisms by which EA may aid in anxiety management.
The Widening, Deepening, and Lengthening of the Seven Mountains Mandate (7MM) Network: The Role of Network Apostolic Leadership
Authors: Mora Ciangherotti Fernando Adolfo
Published: October 2024

This article describes the leadership and organizational elements that have made the Seven Mountains Mandate (7MM), a very adaptable, simple to explain, and feasible to implement message and portable practice, which can start at a local level to be expanded progressively to regional and national dimensions, one of the main doctrines of the Apostolic Restoration Movement (ARM). A new classification of apostolic networks is proposed in this article and a partial map of some of the networks that participate in the expansion of the 7MM is presented. Additionally, by using definitions from network leadership theory, it is shown how different types of leaders that function as horizontal connectors in apostolic networks, such as conveners, catalysts, mobilizers, facilitators, weavers, provocateurs, illuminators, hosts, and curators contribute to the diffusion of the 7MM by promoting its global widening, deepening, and lengthening (WDL). The article first describes the evolution of the church from denominations to networks, and how the ARM adopted the network organizational structure that serves as a channel for the diffusion of the 7MM. Cases from the USA, Guatemala, Zambia, and Venezuela are used as examples to demonstrate how the 7MM expansion or widening (W), its contextualization and adaption or deepening (D), and its sustainability, reproduction, and evolution, or lengthening (L), occur globally based on the network nature of the ARM and the network leadership enacted in the process.
Probing the Charge State and the Intermolecular Environment by Vibrational Spectroscopy: The Peculiar Modulation of Frequencies and Bands Intensities of F4TCNQ and of Its Anion
Authors: Saporiti Carlo , Brambilla Luigi , Tommasini Matteo , Del Zoppo Mirella , Castiglioni Chiara , Zerbi Giuseppe
Published: October 2024

2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) is a molecule widely employed as a very effective p-dopant of semi-conducting polymers, such as poly(3-hexylthiophene -2,5-diyl) (P3HT). The CN stretching transitions of F4TCNQ are exceptionally sensitive to the charge state of the molecule, thus allowing the doping diagnosis via IR spectroscopy. Less pronounced frequency shifts can reveal characteristics of the intermolecular environment. We present a systematic study based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and on experiments aimed at exploring how different factors, such as the charge state and the environment, modify the vibrational spectra of F4TCNQ. While several effects on the vibrational frequencies are well known and have been thoroughly investigated in the past, this study focuses on the infrared intensities of the CN stretching modes and reveals that they are strongly affected both by the charge state of the molecule and by the surrounding medium: it is then mandatory to consider such remarkable intensity modulation for any quantitative diagnosis based on spectroscopic measurements, e.g., concerning the amount of F4TCNQ molecules involved in the formation of charge transfer complexes.
Advances and Challenges in Automated Drowning Detection and Prevention Systems
Authors: Shatnawi Maad , Albreiki Frdoos Ali , Alkhoori Ashwaq , Alhebshi Mariam , Shatnawi Anas
Published: October 2024

Drowning is among the most common reasons of children’s death aged one to fourteen around the globe. With rising populations and the growing popularity of swimming pools in hotels and villas, the incidence of drowning has accelerated. Accordingly, the development of systems for detecting and preventing drowning has become increasingly critical to provide safe swimming settings. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive review of recent existing advancements in automated drowning detection and prevention systems. The existing approaches can be broadly categorized according to their objectives into two main groups: detection-based systems and detection and rescue-based systems. Automatic drowning detection approaches could be further categorized into computer vision-based approaches where camera-captured images are analyzed by machine learning algorithms to detect instances of drowning, and sensing-based approaches where sensing instruments are attached to swimmers to track their behavior. We explore the advantages and limitations of each approach. Additionally, we discuss the technical challenges and unresolved issues related to this domain. Based on this study, we provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art techniques for drowning detection and prevention.
Novel Mechanistic Insights into the Anticancer Potential of Methoxyflavones Analogs: A Review
Authors: Aidiel Mohammad , Abdul Mutalib Maisarah , Ramasamy Rajesh , Nik Ramli Nik Nasihah , Tang Shirley Gee Hoon , Adam S.H
Published: October 2024

2-phenylchromen-4-one, commonly known as flavone, plays multifaceted roles in biological response, largely due to its abundance in natural sources. The methoxy group in naturally occurring flavones promotes cytotoxic activity in various cancer cell lines by targeting protein markers, in facilitating ligand-protein binding mechanisms and activating cascading downstream signaling pathways leading to cell death. However, the lipophilic nature of these analogs is a key concern as it impacts drug membrane transfer. While lipophilicity is crucial for drug efficacy, excessive effects in flavonoids can reduce water solubility and hinder drug transport to target sites. Recent in vitro studies suggest that the incorporation of polar hydroxyl groups which can form hydrogen bonds and stabilize free radicals may help overcome the challenges associated with methoxy groups while maintaining their essential lipophilic properties. Naturally coexisting with the methoxyflavones, this review explores the synergistic role of hydroxy and methoxy moieties through hydrogen bonding capacity in maximizing cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. The physicochemical analysis revealed the potential intramolecular interaction and favorable electron delocalization region between both moieties to improve cytotoxicity levels. Together, the analysis provides a useful strategy for structural-activity relationship (SAR) of flavonoid analogs in distinct protein markers, suggesting optimal functional group positioning to achieve balanced lipophilicity, effective hydrogen bonding, and simultaneously minimized steric hindrance in targeting specific cancer cell types.
Research on the Mechanical Properties of EPS Lightweight Soil Mixed with Fly Ash
Authors: Mei Lifang , Huang Yiwen , Xiang Dali
Published: October 2024

Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) beads lightweight soil is a new type of artificial geotechnical material with low density and high strength, to promote the wide application of EPS beads lightweight soil in the project, replacing some cement with fly ash as a curing agent, which can consume the waste fly ash and reduce the cost of the project. EPS beads were used as a lightweight material, and cement and fly ash were used as curing agents into the raw soil to make fly ash EPS lightweight soil. The EPS beads contents are 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, the total curing agent contents are 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%, and the proportions of cement replaced by fly ash are 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%, respectively. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test were conducted. The results show that the EPS content, the total curing agent content, and the proportion of cement replaced by fly ash have a significant impact on the UCS of lightweight soil. It decreases with an increase in the EPS content, increases with an increase in the total curing agent content, and decreases with an increase in the proportion of cement replaced by fly ash. When the proportion of cement replaced by fly ash is not too high, the strength of lightweight soil decreases less, and its performance can still meet the engineering needs. At the same time, it can also consume fly ash and reduce environmental pollution. EPS lightweight soil mixed with fly ash still has advantages, and it is recommended that the proportion of cement replaced by fly ash is controlled to less than 30%. The failure patterns of lightweight soil mainly include splitting failure, oblique shear failure and bulging failure, which are related to the material mix ratio.
Perceiving Etruscan Art: AI and Visual Perception
Authors: Forte Maurizio
Published: October 2024

This research is part of the NeuroArtIfAct project []aimed at exploring the cognitive and emotional processes involved in perceiving Etruscan artifacts. This case study is focused on the Sarcophagus of the Spouses at the National Etruscan Museum in Rome. The study utilized AI and eye-tracking technology to analyze how viewers engage with the Etruscan Sarcophagus of the Spouses, revealing key patterns of visual attention and engagement. Open AI ChatGBT 4o was used in conjunction with Python in order to elaborate all the spreadsheets and data coming from the eye0tracking recording. Results showed that viewers primarily focused on the central figures, especially the faces and hands, indicating a high level of interest in the human elements of the artifact. The longer fixation durations on these features suggest that viewers find them particularly engaging, likely due to their detailed craftsmanship and symbolic significance. The eye-tracking data also highlighted specific gaze patterns, such as diagonal scanning across the sarcophagus, which reflects the composition's ability to guide viewer attention strategically. These findings suggest that the artifact's design effectively captures and directs viewer attention, emphasizing its cultural and emotional significance.
Using Heart Rate and Behaviors to Predict Effective Intervention Strategies for Children on the Autism Spectrum: Validation of a Technology-Based Intervention
Authors: Emezie Amarachi , Kamel Rima , Dunphy Morgan , Young Amanda , Nuske Heather J.
Published: October 2024

Many children on the autism spectrum engage in challenging behaviors, like aggression, due to difficulties communicating and regulating their stress. Identifying effective intervention strategies is often subjective and time-consuming. Utilizing unobservable internal physiological data to predict strategy effectiveness may help simplify this process for teachers and parents. This study examined whether heart rate data can predict strategy effectiveness. Teachers and coders from the research team recorded behavioral and heart rate data over three months for each participating student on the autism spectrum using the KeepCalm app, a platform that provides in-the-moment strategy suggestions based on heart rate and past behavioral data, across 226 instances of strategy interventions. A binary logistic regression was performed to assess whether heart rate reduction, time to return to heart rate baseline, and documented skills and challenging behaviors predicted strategy effectiveness. Results suggested that heart rate reduction may be a significant predictor, and supported the existing practice of using behavioral patterns as proxies for strategy effectiveness. Additional analyses indicate proactive strategies are more effective and are associated with greater reduction in heart rate, relative to reactive strategies. Further exploration of how internal physiological data can complement observable behaviors in assessing intervention strategy effectiveness is warranted given the novelty of our findings.
Self-Assembly of a Pd2L4 Hydrazone Molecular Cage Through Multiple Reaction Pathways
Authors: Montà-González Giovanni , Martínez-Máñez Ramón , Martí-Centelles Vicente
Published: October 2024

Molecular cages are preorganized molecules with a central cavity, typically formed through the self-assembly of their building blocks. This requires in most cases forming and breaking reversible bonds during the self-assembly reaction pathway for error correction to drive the reaction to the cage product. In this work, we focus on both Pd–ligand and hydrazone bonds implemented in the structure of a Pd2L4 hydrazone molecular cage. As the cage contains two different types of reversible bonds, we envisaged a cage formation comparative study by performing the self-assembly of the cage through 3 different reaction pathways involving the formation of Pd–ligand bonds, hydrazone bonds, or a combination of both. The 3 reaction pathways produce the self-assembly of the cage with yields ranging from 73% to 79%. Despite the complexity of the reaction the cage is formed in a very high yield, even for the reaction pathway that involves the formation of 16 bonds. This research paves the way for more sophisticated cage self-assembly designs.
Digital Transformation in BIM Execution Plans for Effective BIM Implementation
Authors: Abdelalim Ahmed Mohammed , Shawky Kamal , Alnaser Aljawharah A. , N. Kontoni Denise-Penelope , Sherif Alaa
Published: October 2024

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a revolutionary method in the construction industry that enhances project coordination, minimizes mistakes, and enables efficient project completion. An essential aspect of achieving successful BIM implementation is the creation of a BIM Execution Plan (BEP). The BEP facilitates effective communication, defines roles and responsibilities, and establishes standardized processes for all stakeholders involved. Although BIM is being used more widely, the absence of standardized BEPs frequently leads to inefficiencies in projects, especially those of significant scale [3]. This paper introduces the development of a new dynamic platform designed specifically for automating and standardizing the creation of BEPs. The platform aligns with ISO 19650 standards and offers customizable workflows to suit various project needs, improving collaboration, data management, and project outcomes. In addition, the paper emphasizes the advantages of utilizing this platform, including the efficient creation of BEPs, improved collaboration through centralized data management, and the ability to tailor BEPs to specific project requirements. The platform's user-friendly interface and extensive data management capabilities not only increase efficiency but also minimize risks and enhance project results. The survey results indicate that the BEP platform is effective in resolving common issues encountered in the creation of BEPs, such as miscommunication and inconsistencies. Additionally, it helps to improve project outcomes and reduce risks.
Patient-Level Value Analysis in Total Hip Arthroplasty: Optimizing the Value of Care Delivery
Authors: Doxey Stephen A. , Huyke-Hernández Fernando A. , Davidson Samuel , Kleinsmith Rebekah M. , Qian Lily J. , Krohn Eric J. , Horst Patrick K. , Bingham Joshua S. , Cunningham Brian P.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Value is defined as the ratio of patient outcomes to the cost of care. One method to assess value is through patient-level value analysis (PLVA). To our knowledge, this tool has not previously been implemented in the setting of total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purposes of this study were to perform PLVA for a 1-year episode of care among patients undergoing primary THA and to identify characteristics that affect value in a metropolitan health-care system.

Methods:

The patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure database of the institution was queried for all primary THAs from 2018 to 2019. The PRO measure that was utilized was the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Joint Replacement (HOOS-JR). Cost was evaluated with use of time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) for a 1-year episode of care (consisting of the day of surgery, inpatient stay, discharge facility, postoperative appointments, and physical therapy). The primary outcome was the 1-year value quotient, or the ratio of the 1-year change in HOOS-JR to the cost of the episode of care (VHOOS). The value quotient was compared among all included patients and evaluated for variables that may affect the overall value of the episode of care.

Results:

In total, 480 patients were included in the analysis. The mean improvement in the HOOS-JR was +34.9 ± 16.1 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 33.5, 36.3). The mean cost was $13,835 ± $3,471 (95% CI: $13,524, $14,146). The largest contributor to cost was implants (39.0%), followed by post-recovery care (i.e., inpatient stay and specialized nursing facilities; 24.1%). Change in the HOOS-JR was poorly correlated with the cost of care (r = −0.06; p = 0.19). THAs performed at an ambulatory surgery center (ASC) with discharge to home demonstrated higher value (VHOOS = 0.42) than THAs performed at a hospital with discharge to a rehabilitation facility (VHOOS = 0.15; analysis of variance F-test, p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

Our study found that PROs did not correlate with costs in the setting of primary THA. Implants were the largest cost driver. Surgical setting (an ASC versus a hospital) and discharge destination influenced value as well. PLVA is a value measurement tool that can be utilized to optimize components of the care delivery pathway.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Identifying Risk Factors for Disease Progression in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Using a Contralateral Hip Model
Authors: Harris Michael D. , Thapa Susan , Lieberman Elizabeth G. , Pascual-Garrido Cecilia , Abu-Amer Wahid , Nepple Jeffrey J. , Clohisy John C.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) can cause pain and premature osteoarthritis. The risk factors and timing for disease progression in adolescents and young adults have not been fully defined. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for contralateral hip pain and surgery after periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) on a dysplastic hip.

Methods:

Patients undergoing unilateral PAO for DDH were followed for at least 2 years and categorized into contralateral pain and no-pain groups and contralateral surgery and no-surgery groups. Pain was defined with the modified Harris hip score. Univariate analysis tested group differences in demographics, radiographic measures, and range of motion. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess pain development and surgery in the contralateral hip over time. Multivariable regression identified risk factors for contralateral pain and surgery. Contralateral pain and surgery predictors were secondarily assessed after categorization of the contralateral hips as dysplastic, borderline, and non-dysplastic and in subgroups based on the lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) and acetabular inclination (AI) in 5° increments.

Results:

One hundred and eighty-four patients were followed for a mean of 4.6 ± 1.6 years (range, 2.0 to 8.8 years), during which 51% (93) reported contralateral hip pain and 33% (60) underwent contralateral surgery. Kaplan-Meier analysis predicted 5-year survivorship of 49% with contralateral pain development as the end point and 66% with contralateral surgery as the end point. Painful hips exhibited more severe dysplasia compared with no-pain hips (LCEA = 16.5° versus 20.3°, p < 0.001; AI = 13.2° versus 10.0°, p < 0.001). AI was the sole predictor of pain, with every 1° increase in the AI raising the risk by 11%. Surgically treated hips also had more severe dysplasia (LCEA = 14.9° versus 20.0°, p < 0.001; AI = 14.7° versus 10.2°, p < 0.001) and were in younger patients (21.6 versus 24.1 years, p = 0.022). AI and a maximum alpha angle of ≥55° were predictors of contralateral surgery.

Conclusions:

At 5 years after hip PAO, approximately 50% of contralateral hips will have pain and approximately 35% can be expected to need surgery. More severe dysplasia, based on the LCEA and AI, increases the risk of contralateral hip pain and surgery, with AI being a predictor of both outcomes. Knowing these risks can inform patient counseling and treatment planning.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
THE NATURE OF DARK COLORATION OF DEVONIAN CARBONATE ROCKS (potentially petroleum-bearing within the Yenisei-Khatanga regional trough) IN THE AMBARDAKH AREA (Eastern Siberia)
Authors: Pustylnikova V.V. , Muftakhov V.A. , Obukhov A.N. , Kirsanov A.M.
Published: October 2024

Lithological studies of sedimentary rocks are often challenged by manifestations of the superimposed processes which are related neither to the stages of lithogenesis, nor to its zonality/direction. This can be exemplified by skarns in the carbonate-terrigenous sections of the unified Yukta and Nakokhoz-Kalargon formations of Devonian age which were studied in the area of Lake Baselak and the Ambardakh River basin during the expedition works. Since the latter contain potentially oil and gas-bearing strata in the area of the Yenisei-Khatanga regional trough, special attention was paid to the dark-colored lithotypes during the research. It was revealed that among the studied samples, the dark color of some of them was of mineral nature, rather than due to the presence of OM. In these samples, the mineral composition was studied in detail, with determination of the association of newly formed minerals, which allowed us to propose hypothesized mechanism and stages of their formation. The dark color of sedimentary rocks has been shown to be not a sufficient criterion for searches for oil and gas accumulation. New results of the field studies of pre-Triassic sedimentary complexes in the northern part of Kureyka syneclise are also presented.
Sistema público de salud en Chile: desafíos de reestructuración
Authors: Muñoz-Muñoz Carmen Gloria
Published: October 2024

Este ensayo muestra los principales antecedentes sobre la forma de organización del sistema de salud en Chile, vigente con transformaciones desde el golpe de Estado que ocurrió hace 50 años en el país. Muestra el debate reciente por la transformación y el fortalecimiento del sistema público y la resistencia para el control del negocio de la salud en la posdictadura, de parte de los sectores de poder económico y de una parte importante de la población que, ante un desalentado sector público de salud, parece desconocer el sentido colectivo del cuidado de la salud y el rol de un Estado garante y protector de derechos sociales mínimos.
La transformación del sistema de salud mexicano
Authors: Robledo Zoé
Published: October 2024

En este texto se presenta la experiencia mexicana en torno al proceso de transformación de los servicios de salud a partir de la recuperación de la rectoría del Estado mexicano en el cuidado de la salud de la población mediante la centralización de los servicios de atención médica en el IMSS-BIENESTAR, la nueva institución creada por el Gobierno del presidente Andrés Manuel López Obrador para brindar protección a personas sin seguridad social. Primero, se presentan los antecedentes del propio sistema; después se aborda la discusión sobre los saldos y consecuencias que dejó la descentralización del sistema de salud iniciada en la década de los ochenta; y posteriormente, se desarrolla en qué consiste el proceso de transformación con base en la centralización de los servicios de salud en México, el diseño institucional y las reformas legales. En el último apartado se plantea en dónde nos encontramos y hacia dónde vamos en el proceso de transformación del sistema nacional de salud.
Genome sequence of the Mediterranean red coral Corallium rubrum
Authors: Ganot Philippe , Rausch Tobias , Fritz Markus , Zoccola Didier , Wang Xin , Aranda Manuel , Benes Vladimir , Allemand Denis , Tambutté Sylvie
Published: October 2024

Objectives: Corallium rubrum, the precious red coral, is an octocoral endemic to the western Mediterranean Sea. Like most octocorals, it produces tiny, calcified structures called sclerites. Uniquely, it also produces a completely calcified axial skeleton that is a bright red color. This combination of color and hardness has made the red coral prized for centuries, leading to extensive fishing and trade for use in jewelry. Understanding how it produces this red skeleton is thus a central question in economics, culture, and biology. To gain insights into this process, we sequenced the C. rubrum genome.Data description: Our C. rubrum genome assembly is 655 megabases (Mb) in size, distributed across 2,910 scaffolds with a very low level of unknown nucleotides (0.95%). We used a pipeline based on the MaSuRCA hybrid assembler, combining long PacBio reads and short Illumina reads, followed by several steps to improve the assembly, including scaffolding, merging, and polishing. This represents the third published genome of an octocoral and the first within the order Scleralcyonacea.
Extra-cranial metastases of Glioblastoma Multiform: cases reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Bravo-Gamboa Brian , Floyd-Aristizábal Danielle , Enríquez-Marulanda Alejandro , Escobar Luis Alberto , Rojas Oscar , Lobato-Polo Javier
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant glioma. Despite the well-known invasiveness in the central nervous system (CNS), yet they are considered to be typically confined because extra-cranial metastasis of glioblastoma rarely occurs.
Case presentation: We describe two cases, the first is about a 58-year-old woman with a diagnosis with GBM, which was subsequently taken to surgery with total resection and progress with recurrence in the temporal lobe. finally presented a spinal cord metastasis. the second case of a fifteen-year old patient who initially presented with a low-grade glioma, which was managed with surgical resection, radiation therapy and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt because of obstructive hydrocephalus. Despite of the treatment, the tumor progressed to GBM, associated with peritoneal metastasis.
Conclusion: Glioblastoma extracranial disease is rare, and reporting cases could help to collect data that might orient about mechanism of dissemination, and develop future investigations on this topic.
Pulmonary involvement in inflammatory bowel diseases: report of a national cohort over the past 5 years
Authors: Papazian L. , Giovannini-Chami L. , Hadchouel A. , Pouessel G. , Gilardoni J.M. , Thumerelle C. , Renoux MC. , Fabre A. , Dubus JC. , Mazenq J.
Published: October 2024

Background
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common illness, with a number of cases constantly rising. Pulmonary involvement is rarely described in children with IBD. This national survey aims to describe the clinical, biological and therapeutic data of IBD children with pulmonary involvement followed from January 2017 to April 2023 in a rare respiratory diseases centre.
Methods
This was a retrospective, observational, descriptive, multicentre study conducted within the French RespiRare network. Socio-demographic characteristics, previous events, clinical and paraclinical data, treatment and evolution were collected via an anonymous secure questionnaire.
Results
Seven IBD children with pulmonary involvement were reported (sex ratio 0.75, median age 10 years, 4 with Crohn disease and 3 with ulcerative colitis). For 2 patients, the discovery of pulmonary involvement was concomitant with the diagnosis of Crohn's disease. Pulmonary symptoms were non-specific or absent. Chest computed tomography scans revealed condensation (n = 5), mosaic appearance (n = 2), excavated (n = 2) or non-excavated (n = 3) nodules or micronodules. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed hypercellularity with hyperlymphocytosis in 4 patients among 6. Biopsies (n = 5) showed inflammation or granulomas. Organized pneumonia was diagnosed in 5 patients, granulomatosis in 1 and necrotizing pneumonia in 1. Most patients were treated with oral corticosteroids, with a favourable outcome.
Conclusions
This is the first national reported cohort of IBD children with pulmonary involvement. They are discussed in regard to the 29 previous published cases we found in the same period.
Comparison of the efficacy of esophageal balloon dilatation and Botox injection, with esophageal balloon dilatation alone, in children with achalasia referred to Mofid children hospital (2020-2023)
Authors: Dara Naghi , Aghaei Mohammad , Hosseini Amirhossein , zarinfar yasaman , Dara Arshia , Sayyari Aliakbar , Olang Beheshteh , Khalili Mitra , Imanzadeh Farid , hajipour Mahmoud
Published: October 2024

Background: Achalasia is an esophageal motility disorder with symptoms like regurgitation, dysphagia, anorexia, and chronic cough. Effective treatments include pneumatic dilatation and myotomy. This study evaluated the combined use of botulinum toxin (Botox) injection and esophageal balloon dilation versus balloon dilation alone, analyzing recovery rates for gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal symptoms.
Study method: This clinical trial involved an intervention group and historical controls. Patients with symptomatic achalasia referred to Mofid Hospital (2020-2023) received balloon dilatation with Botox injection. Historical controls had balloon dilatation alone. Botox was injected at four points in the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) before balloon dilatation. Symptoms and growth parameters were monitored every three months for a year, then every six months, with annual follow-ups for three years. The study included 37 intervention and 31 control patients, and data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software.
Results: From the onset of the study to the 36th month, the intervention group showed greater symptom improvement than the control group: nausea or vomiting (19%), regurgitation (21%), dysphagia to liquids (37%), dysphagia to solids (10%), globus sensation (10%), anorexia (2.14%), weight loss (18%), halitosis (15%), cough (44%), aspiration (18%), and refusal to eat (7%). Exceptions were chest pain (same in both groups) and heartburn (14% better in the control group). At 6 and 12 months, the intervention group improved in abdominal tenderness (4.2%), wheezing (7.11%), and coarse rales (20.9%). Radiological signs improved more in the intervention group: esophageal dilatation (11.6%), rat tail/bird beak sign (31.7%), tertiary contractions (10.4%), and reduced air-fluid level in the esophagus (upper to middle third: 17%, middle to lower third: 35.8%), except for the sigmoid esophagus (same in both groups). At 36 months, growth criteria in the intervention group increased: weight (4 kg), length (5.35 cm), BMI (1.47 units), Z score (0.65 units), and percentile (5.65 units).
Conclusion: The combined balloon and Botox treatment has shown effectiveness in improving disease symptoms, physical examination results, growth criteria, and radiological findings. Further studies are recommended to potentially establish this approach as a national protocol.