bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One-Year Research Experience for Associate’s Degree Students Impacts Graduation, STEM Retention, and Transfer Patterns
Authors: Nerio Ron , Webber Althea , MacLachlan Effie , Lopatto David , Caplan Avrom J.
Published: May 2019

The CUNY Research Scholars Program (CRSP) provides a yearlong faculty-mentored research experience to associate’s degree students. The program takes place at all 10 associate’s degree–granting colleges within the City University of New York system. We report on a mixed-methods study of 500 students who participated in the program during its initial 3 years. Quantitative longitudinal assessments revealed that students who engaged in CRSP were more likely to be retained in a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) discipline or to graduate with a STEM degree than their counterparts in a matched comparison group. Furthermore, students who participated in CRSP demonstrated an increased likelihood of transferring to the more research-intensive 4-year schools within the CUNY system and to R1 universities outside the CUNY system. CRSP students reported an increased sense of belonging in college based on survey data, and focus groups with their mentors provided insight into the factors that led to the gains listed above. These combined results—of student data analysis, student surveys, and mentor focus groups—provide evidence that early research experiences for associate’s degree students contribute to their academic success.
Transformation from total-field magnetic anomaly to the projection of the anomalous vector onto the normal geomagnetic field based on an optimization method
Authors: Zhen Huixiang , Li Yuanyuan , Yang Yushan
Published: May 2019

The total-field magnetic anomaly [Formula: see text] is approximated as the component [Formula: see text] of the anomalous vector [Formula: see text] along the direction of the normal geomagnetic field. It is widely used in magnetic data processing and interpretation practices as a routine if [Formula: see text] is relatively small. But in highly magnetic environments, the distinction between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is often too large to be ignored. We carefully investigate the difference between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and find that it will increase rapidly in the trend of the quadratic function as [Formula: see text] strengthens. We also test the effects of approximation on the component transformation and reduction to the pole on a synthetic single-sphere model. As expected, the error caused by inaccurate information will propagate into subsequent data processing procedures and adversely affect the results. Therefore, we have developed an optimization strategy based on the limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (L-BFGS) algorithm to transform the total-field anomaly into [Formula: see text]. First, we have constructed an objective function after transforming [Formula: see text] into [Formula: see text] through the component transformation in the frequency domain. Then, using [Formula: see text] as the initial value of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is calculated iteratively by the L-BFGS algorithm. To test the validity of the optimization algorithm, [Formula: see text] is transformed for noise-free and noise-corrupted models and models with a background field. The synthetics indicate that the transformed [Formula: see text] is almost the same as the model [Formula: see text], whose maximum error is approximately one-hundredth (30 nT) of the difference (8000 nT) between the modeled [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The synthetics and field data example from the Yangshan Iron Mine, Fujian Province, southern China, also indicate that the data transformation and forward-modeling results can benefit from the direct use of transformed [Formula: see text] instead of [Formula: see text].
President's Page
Authors: Morton-Rupert Sarah , Whitesell Laurie , Grobbe Niels , Arce José , Cunningham Paul
Published: May 2019

Near-surface geophysics has been a part of SEG for decades, but it was not until the end of 2014 that a near-surface group was formally established within the Society. In the few years since then, this group, now known as the SEG Near-Surface Geophysics Technical Section (NSTS, https://www.seg.org/ns ), has expanded its membership, broadened its activities, and positioned itself for continued global growth.
A UAV-based magnetic survey method to detect and identify orphaned oil and gas wells
Authors: Nikulin Alex , de Smet Timothy S.
Published: May 2019

Recent advances in autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, along with successful efforts to miniaturize total field magnetometers, offer a unique opportunity to test low-cost UAV-mounted systems for wide-area high-resolution magnetic surveys. Modern UAV platforms capable of flying at low altitudes and collecting dense aerial surveys, coupled with sensitive and compact instruments, allow identification of anthropogenic targets previously identifiable only in ground magnetometer surveys. We present results of a proof-of-concept study focused on developing and field testing a UAV-based magnetometer system to detect and identify abandoned and unmarked oil and gas wells in an area of historical hydrocarbon exploration and development in New York state. Our results indicate that magnetic anomalies associated with metal casing of vertical wells are pronounced considerably above background levels both at the surface and up to 50 m above-ground elevation. We determine that a detection altitude of 40 m is optimal to avoid any canopy interference while recording magnetic data at the highest signal-to-noise ratio. This methodology makes rapid detection and identification of unmarked wells possible and, in turn, allows for future sustainable development of these areas.
Application of geostatistical seismic inversion in reservoir characterization of Sapphire gas field, offshore Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: El-Behiry Mohamed G. , Dahroug Said M. , Elattar Mohamed
Published: May 2019

Seismic reservoir characterization becomes challenging when reservoir thickness goes beyond the limits of seismic resolution. Geostatistical inversion techniques are being considered to overcome the resolution limitations of conventional inversion methods and to provide an intuitive understanding of subsurface uncertainty. Geostatistical inversion was applied on a highly compartmentalized area of Sapphire gas field, offshore Nile Delta, Egypt, with the aim of understanding the distribution of thin sands and their impact on reservoir connectivity. The integration of high-resolution well data with seismic partial-angle-stack volumes into geostatistical inversion has resulted in multiple elastic property realizations at the desired resolution. The multitude of inverted elastic properties are analyzed to improve reservoir characterization and reflect the inversion nonuniqueness. These property realizations are then classified into facies probability cubes and ranked based on pay sand volumes to quantify the volumetric uncertainty in static reservoir modeling. Stochastic connectivity analysis was also applied on facies models to assess the possible connected volumes. Sand connectivity analysis showed that the connected pay sand volume derived from the posterior mean of property realizations, which is analogous to deterministic inversion, is much smaller than the volumes generated by any high-frequency realization. This observation supports the role of thin interbed reservoirs in facilitating connectivity between the main sand units.
Reviews
Authors: Padhi Amit , Ziolkowski Anton
Published: May 2019

Multiphase Flow in Permeable Media: A Pore-scale Perspective, by Martin J. Blunt, ISBN 978-1-107-09346-1, 2017, Cambridge University Press, 500 p. Introduction to Exploration Geophysics with Recent Advances, by Martin Landr⊘ and Lasse Amundsen, ISBN 978-8-230-33842-1, 2018, Bivrost, 341 p.
The Validity of Some Cognitive Tests in the Diagnosis of Dementia
Authors: Irving G. , Robinson R. A. , McAdam W.
Published: May 2019

This report describes an attempt to assess the validity of a number of cognitive tests in distinguishing between brain-damaged and non brain-damaged psychiatric patients over the age of 65 years.
The Effect of Cyclandelate on Mental Function in Patients with Arteriosclerotic Brain Disease
Authors: Fine E. W. , Lewis D. , Villa-Landa I. , Blakemore C. B.
Published: May 2019

The manifestations of the chronic brain syndrome associated with cerebral arteriosclerosis are notoriously diverse, ranging from disturbance of cerebral functions which can be recognized by physical examination to those which can be identified by examination of the patient's mental state. With widespread arteriosclerotic involvement of the cerebral circulation there are important alterations in the individual's thinking and behaviour. There is disturbance of memory, accompanied by disorientation, at first in time and place and later as to person; and intellectual functions including comprehension, problem solving, learning, and judgement are also impaired.
Social and Economic Aspects of Transsexualism
Authors: Hoenig J. , Kenna J. C. , Youd Ann
Published: May 2019

The syndrome of transsexualism has become widely known in psychiatry and is now clearly distinguished from both homosexuality and transvestism, as well as from hermaphrodism (Benjamin, 1953). Other authors such as Wålinder (1968), Hoenig et al. (1964) and others have given definitions of the syndrome, which might be circumscribed as follows: The transsexualists, although physically apparently normal, are nevertheless convinced that they are ‘inwardly really’ persons of the opposite sex; they claim to ‘feel’ like a person of the opposite sex, but think that the body has somehow—by a freak of nature—developed abnormally, and not in accordance with their ‘true nature’. They seek medical treatment, if necessary surgery, to have their body changed into what they conceive to be their ‘real’ sex.
The Bearing of Treatment on the Classification of the Affective Disorders
Authors: Gurney Clair , Roth Martin , Kerr T. A. , Schapira Kurt
Published: May 2019

The relationship between anxiety state and depressive illness has been debated for many years. On clinical grounds, Mapother (1926) and Lewis (1966) expressed the view that the various forms of anxiety and depressive states merge imperceptibly into one another, while Garmany (1956, 1958) and Stenback (1963) considered that they were fundamentally different disorders. Gurney, Roth and Garside (1970) showed that the two conditions differ significantly in respect of a large number of biographical, personality and clinical indices. They also demonstrated that the disorders could be separated by means of a discriminant function analysis and that the distribution of the patients' scores was clearly bimodal. In a four year follow-up study of the same group of patients, Kerr, Gurney, Schapira and Roth (1970) showed that depressive illnesses carry a significantly better prognosis. Moreover, physiological evidence based on forearm blood-flow measurements has also given tentative support to the differentiation of the disorders (Kelly and Walter, 1969).
Genetic Findings and Methodological Considerations in Manic Depressive Disease
Authors: Winokur George
Published: May 2019

Primary affective disorder is defined as an illness which is characterized by depressions or manias or both. This illness is seen in an individual who has no history of any preexisting psychiatric illness except for uncomplicated episodes of depression or mania. Clinically there are two types of primary affective disorder. The first is manic depressive disease (bipolar psychosis) which may be considered as a primary affective disorder in which mania is seen; usually, but not always, depression is also seen in this kind of patient. The other type may be called depressive disease; a synonym that might be used is unipolar psychosis; here only depressive episodes are seen (one or more episodes). In addition to the difference in the clinical picture, considerable genetic data exist which indicate that the two illnesses are quite distinct from each other.
A Measure of Therapist-Patient Understanding
Authors: Watson J. P.
Published: May 2019

Repertory grids can be applied to individuals in many different ways (Bannister and Mair, 1968). A grid is obtained whenever an observer rates or compares a set of objects, the elements, in terms of a set of logically applicable notions, or constructs, using a consistent scoring procedure throughout (Slater, 1964).
Basic Psychoanalytic Concepts: VI. Acting Out
Authors: Sandler J. , Holder A. , Dare C.
Published: May 2019

We have previously suggested that a number of psychoanalytic concepts have undergone changes of meaning when extended to wider settings both within psychoanalysis and outside it (Sandler, Dare, and Holder, 1970a, b; Sandler, Holder and Dare, 1970a, b, c). This has led to situations in which the same term can have a variety of meanings attached to it, with consequent confusion and loss of precision. A clear example of this is the concept oftransference,which is now given a wide range of meanings, including that of being simply a synonym for ‘relationship'—a usage substantially different from its original meaning (Sandler, Dare and Holder, 1970b).
Effectiveness of Lung Cancer Screening Implementation in the Community Setting in the United States
Authors: Copeland Amy , Criswell Angela , Ciupek Andrew , King Jennifer C.
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE:

The National Lung Screening Trial demonstrated a 20% relative reduction in lung cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomography screening, leading to implementation of lung cancer screening across the United States. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services approved coverage, but questions remained about effectiveness of community-based screening. To assess screening implementation during the first full year of CMS coverage, we surveyed a nationwide network of lung cancer screening centers, comparing results from academic and nonacademic centers.

METHODS:

One hundred sixty-five lung cancer screening centers that have been designated Screening Centers of Excellence responded to a survey about their 2016 program data and practices. The survey included 21 pretested, closed- and open-ended quantitative and qualitative questions covering implementation, workflow, numbers of screening tests completed, and cancers diagnosed.

RESULTS:

Centers were predominantly community based (62%), with broad geographic distribution. In both community and academic centers, more than half of lung cancers were diagnosed at stage I or limited stage, demonstrating a clear stage shift compared with historical data. Lung-RADS results were also comparable. There are wide variations in the ways centers address Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services requirements. The most significant barriers to screening implementation were insurance and billing issues, lack of provider referral, lack of patient awareness, and internal workflow challenges.

CONCLUSION:

These data validate that responsible screening can take place in a community setting and that lung cancers detected by low-dose computed tomography screening are often diagnosed at an early, more treatable stage. Lung cancer screening programs have developed different ways to address requirements, but many implementation challenges remain.
Spin Seebeck effect in polycrystalline yttrium iron garnet pellets prepared by the solid-state method
Authors: Venkat G. , Rose T. A. , Cox C. D. W. , Stenning G. B. G. , Caruana A. J. , Morrison K.
Published: May 2019

We study the properties of polycrystalline bulk yttrium iron garnet (YIG) pellets prepared by the solid-state method, where the choice of the sintering temperature can lead to mixed phases of yttrium iron perovskite (YIP) and YIG or single phase YIG. Magnetometry shows multiple switching regimes in the mixed-phase pellets where the saturation magnetization is dominated by the proportion of YIG present. Ferromagnetic resonance was used to corroborate the saturation magnetization from magnetometry and to extract the spin wave damping α. The lowest damping was observed for the YIG pellet, which resulted in a spin Seebeck effect (SSE) coefficient that was approximately 55% of single crystal YIG. This demonstrates that macroscale crystallization does not play a major role in the SSE and paves the way for utilising polycrystalline samples for thermomagnetic applications.
Path integration: how details of the honeybee waggle dance and the foraging strategies of desert ants might help in understanding its mechanisms
Authors: Collett Thomas S.
Published: May 2019

Path integration is a navigational strategy that gives an animal an estimate of its position relative to some starting point. For many decades, ingenious and probing behavioural experiments have been the only window onto the operation of path integration in arthropods. New methods have now made it possible to visualise the activity of neural circuits in Drosophila while they fly or walk in virtual reality. Studies of this kind, as well as electrophysiological recordings from single neurons in the brains of other insects, are revealing details of the neural mechanisms that control an insect's direction of travel and other aspects of path integration. The aim here is first to review the major features of path integration in foraging desert ants and honeybees, the current champion path integrators of the insect world, and second consider how the elaborate behaviour of these insects might be accommodated within the framework of the newly understood neural circuits. The discussion focuses particularly on the ability of ants and honeybees to use a celestial compass to give direction in Earth-based coordinates, and of honeybees to use a landscape panorama to provide directional guidance for path integration. The possibility is raised that well-ordered behaviour might in some cases substitute for complex circuitry.
Influence of Hydrolysis Susceptibility and Hydrophobicity of SN-38 Nano-Prodrugs on Their Anticancer Activity
Authors: Koseki Yoshitaka , Ikuta Yoshikazu , Cong Liman , Takano-Kasuya Mayumi , Tada Hiroshi , Watanabe Mika , Gonda Kohsuke , Ishida Takanori , Ohuchi Noriaki , Tanita Keita , Taemaitree Farsai , Dao Anh Thi Ngoc , Onodera Tsunenobu , Oikawa Hidetoshi , Kasai Hitoshi
Published: May 2019

In the field of drug delivery, controllability of drug release site and duration are among the most important factors to manipulate the drug efficacy and side effects. In this paper, a series of nano-prodrugs (NPs) composed of anticancer agent SN-38 and various substituent groups were synthesized and fabricated. By increasing the hydrophobicity of the prodrug molecule (calculated logP values exceeded ca. 7) through changing the substituent group, the hydrolysis susceptibility of SN-38 NPs in mouse serum was drastically decreased, thus prolonged the blood retention time of the NPs. In light of this knowledge and the dispersion stability in aqueous media, SN-38 NP modified with cholesterol (SN-38-chol NPs) was selected to be the optimal candidate among the screened NPs. The in vivo pharmacological effect of SN-38-chol NP was about 10 times higher than irinotecan, the clinically used solubilized prodrug analog of SN-38. In addition, SN-38-chol NP has low side effects in evaluating intestinal damage. These NPs possess great potential for clinical application and promise to be a next-generation of drug for cancer treatment.
The Impact of Media Censorship: 1984 or Brave New World?
Authors: Chen Yuyu , Yang David Y.
Published: May 2019

Media censorship is a hallmark of authoritarian regimes. We conduct a field experiment in China to measure the effects of providing citizens with access to an uncensored internet. We track subjects’ media consumption, beliefs regarding the media, economic beliefs, political attitudes, and behaviors over 18 months. We find four main results: (i) free access alone does not induce subjects to acquire politically sensitive information; (ii) temporary encouragement leads to a persistent increase in acquisition, indicating that demand is not permanently low; (iii) acquisition brings broad, substantial, and persistent changes to knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and intended behaviors; and (iv) social transmission of information is statistically significant but small in magnitude. We calibrate a simple model to show that the combination of low demand for uncensored information and the moderate social transmission means China’s censorship apparatus may remain robust to a large number of citizens receiving access to an uncensored internet. (JEL C93, D72, D83, L82, L86, L88, P36)
The Effect of House Prices on Household Borrowing: A New Approach
Authors: Cloyne James , Huber Kilian , Ilzetzki Ethan , Kleven Henrik
Published: May 2019

We investigate the effect of house prices on household borrowing using administrative mortgage data from the United Kingdom and a new empirical approach. The data contain household-level information on house prices and borrowing in a panel of homeowners, who refinance at regular and quasi-exogenous intervals. The data and setting allow us to develop an empirical approach that exploits house price variation coming from the idiosyncratic and exogenous timing of refinance events around the Great Recession. We present two main results. First, there is a clear and robust effect of house prices on borrowing. Second, the effect of house prices on borrowing can be explained largely by collateral effects. We study the collateral channel through a multivariate and nonparametric heterogeneity analysis of proxies for collateral and wealth effects. (JEL D14, E32, R31)
Does East meet West? Towards a unified vision of the management of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Limkin Elaine Johanna , Blanchard Pierre
Published: May 2019

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is notable for its wide geographic variation, with incidences as high as 30 in 100,000 in endemic regions but < 1 in 100,000 worldwide. This review aims to identify areas where there could be differences in prognosis, management or outcomes among countries with high or low incidence of NPC. The incidence has generally declined both in endemic and non-endemic regions throughout the years, which may be attributed to the decrease in exposure to risk factors such as early exposure to salted fish and smoking. Ethnicity has an impact both on incidence and prognosis, with Southeast Asians having the highest incidence but also better survival. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy, with or without adjuvant and/or induction chemotherapy, is the standard of care for locoregionally advanced disease, as reflected in clinical practice guidelines. Despite improvements in management, a proportion of patients relapse. Salvage treatment is associated with significant morbidity due to the critical location of the nasopharynx and the toxicities of initial therapy. Clinical expertise is paramount, but is easier to attain in endemic regions and high volume centers where enrollment of patients in clinical trials is more feasible. Collaboration between low and high incidence countries and between low and high volume facilities is key to improving NPC prognosis worldwide.
Plasma cell myeloma lytic lesions mimicking vanishing bone syndrome in a young patient
Authors: Mwania Margaret , Karim Naushad , Wambui Sarah , Mohammedali Shamshudin , Njau Allan
Published: May 2019

Plasma cell myeloma is a bone marrow disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells within the bone marrow replacing normal cells. We present a case report of a 25-year-old female with bilateral lower and upper limb pains. She had been seen in various health facilities for the past 2 years with progressively worsening disability. Skeletal survey revealed multiple osteolytic lesions in the appendicular skeleton resembling vanishing bone syndrome. Ultrasound-guided biopsy was done with histological diagnosis of plasma cell myeloma. This case is unique because of the young age at presentation, HIV seropositive status and atypical appearance of the lesions.
Changes in acetabular orientation during total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Schloemann D. T. , Edelstein A. I. , Barrack R. L.
Published: May 2019

Aims

The aims of this study were to determine the change in pelvic sagittal alignment before, during, and after total hip arthroplasty (THA) undertaken with the patient in the lateral decubitus position, and to determine the impact of these changes on acetabular component position.

Patients and Methods

We retrospectively compared the radiological pelvic ratio among 91 patients undergoing THA. In total, 41 patients (46%) were female. The mean age was 61.6 years (sd 10.7) and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 20.0 kg/m2 (sd 5.5). Anteroposterior radiographs were obtained: in the standing position preoperatively and at six weeks postoperatively; in the lateral decubitus position after trial reduction intraoperatively; and in the supine position in the post-anaesthesia care unit. Pelvic ratio was defined as the ratio between the vertical distance from the inferior aspect of the sacroiliac (SI) joints to the superior pubic symphysis and the horizontal distance between the inferior aspect of the SI joints. Changes in the apparent component position based on changes in pelvic ratio were determined, with a change of > 5° considered clinically significant. Analyses were performed using Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test, with p < 0.05 considered significant.

Results

Intraoperatively, in the lateral decubitus position, the pelvic ratio increased (anterior tilt) in 69.4% of cases, did not change significantly in 20.4%, and decreased (posterior tilt) in 10.2% of cases. When six-week postoperative radiographs were compared with preoperative radiographs, the pelvic ratio decreased in 44.9% of cases, did not change significantly in 42.3%, and increased in 12.8% of cases. This change in alignment correlated with a change in acetabular component version of > 5° in 79.6% of cases intraoperatively and 57.7% of cases at six weeks postoperatively.

Conclusion

Changes in pelvic sagittal pelvic position occur throughout THA that, if unaccounted for, introduce errors in acetabular component placement. The use of intraoperative imaging may help the appropriate placement of the acetabular component. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B(6 Supple B):45–50.
Intravenous tranexamic acid safely and effectively reduces transfusion rates in revision total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Hines J. T. , Hernandez N. M. , Amundson A. W. , Pagnano M. W. , Sierra R. J. , Abdel M. P.
Published: May 2019

Aims

Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to significantly reduce transfusion rates in primary total hip arthroplasties (THAs), but high-quality evidence is limited in the revision setting. The purpose of the current study was to compare the rate of blood transfusions and symptomatic venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) in a large cohort of revision THAs treated with or without intravenous (IV) TXA.

Patients and Methods

We performed a retrospective review of 3264 revision THAs (2645 patients) between 2005 and 2014, of which 1142 procedures received IV TXA (1 g at incision and 1 g at closure). The mean age in the revision group with TXA was 65 years (28 to 95), with 579 female patients (51%). The mean age in the revision group treated without TXA was 67 years (21 to 98), with 1160 female patients (55%). Outcomes analyzed included rates of transfusion and symptomatic VTEs between procedures undertaken with and without TXA. These comparisons were performed for the overall cohort, as well as within cases subcategorized for aseptic or septic aetiologies. A propensity score was developed to minimize bias between groups and utilized age at revision THA, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, preoperative anticoagulation, and year of surgery.

Results

Tranexamic acid significantly and substantially reduced the rate of blood transfusions after revision THA overall from 54% to 26% (p < 0.001; adjusted relative risk (RR) 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3 to 1.9), with a significant reduction in both aseptic (49% to 18%; p < 0.001) and septic (73% to 53%; p = 0.04) revisions. The rate of VTE was minimal overall, with three events (0.3%) in the TXA group and four events (0.2%) in the non-TXA group. There were no significant differences in VTE rates based on TXA use or aetiology of revision.

Conclusion

Intravenous TXA significantly reduced transfusion rates during all-cause revision THAs, including a subgroup analysis of both aseptic and septic cohorts. Adjusted risk using propensity modelling showed no statistical difference in rates of VTEs between either group. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;100-B(6 Supple B):104–109.
Uniformly low serum cobalt levels after modular dual-mobility total hip arthroplasties with ceramic heads
Authors: Chalmers B. P. , Mangold D. G. , Hanssen A. D. , Pagnano M. W. , Trousdale R. T. , Abdel M. P.
Published: May 2019

Aims

Modular dual-mobility constructs reduce the risk of dislocation after revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, questions about metal ions from the cobalt-chromium (CoCr) liner persist, and are particularly germane to patients being revised for adverse local tissue reactions (ALTR) to metal. We determined the early- to mid-term serum Co and Cr levels after modular dual-mobility components were used in revision and complex primary THAs, and specifically included patients revised for ALTR.

Patients and Methods

Serum Co and Cr levels were measured prospectively in 24 patients with a modular dual-mobility construct and a ceramic femoral head. Patients with CoCr heads or contralateral THAs with CoCr heads were excluded. The mean age was 63 years (35 to 83), with 13 patients (54%) being female. The mean follow-up was four years (2 to 7). Indications for modular dual-mobility were prosthetic joint infection treated with two-stage exchange and subsequent reimplantation (n = 8), ALTR revision (n = 7), complex primary THA (n = 7), recurrent instability (n = 1), and periprosthetic femoral fracture (n = 1). The mean preoperative Co and Cr in patients revised for an ALTR were 29.7 μg/l (2 to 146) and 21.5 μg/l (1 to 113), respectively.

Results

Mean Co and Cr levels were 0.30 μg/l and 0.76 μg/l, respectively, at the most recent follow-up. No patient had a Co level ≥ 1 μg/l. Only one patient had a Cr level ≥ 1 μg/l. That patient’s Cr level was 12 μg/l at 57 months after revision THA for ALTR (and decreased ten-fold from a preoperative Cr of 113 μg/l).

Conclusion

At a mean of four years, no patient with a modular dual-mobility construct and ceramic femoral head had elevated Co levels, including seven patients revised specifically for ALTR. While further studies are required, we support the selective use of a modular dual-mobility construct in revision and complex primary THAs for patients at high risk for instability. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B(6 Supple B):57–61.
Clinical and design factors influence the survivorship of custom flange acetabular components
Authors: Jones C. W. , Choi D. S. , Sun P. , Chiu Y-F. , Lipman J. D. , Lyman S. , Bostrom M. P. G. , Sculco P. K.
Published: May 2019

Aims

Custom flange acetabular components (CFACs) are a patient-specific option for addressing large acetabular defects at revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), but patient and implant characteristics that affect survivorship remain unknown. This study aimed to identify patient and design factors related to survivorship.

Patients and Methods

A retrospective review of 91 patients who underwent revision THA using 96 CFACs was undertaken, comparing features between radiologically failed and successful cases. Patient characteristics (demographic, clinical, and radiological) and implant features (design characteristics and intraoperative features) were collected. There were 74 women and 22 men; their mean age was 62 years (31 to 85). The mean follow-up was 24.9 months (sd 27.6; 0 to 116). Two sets of statistical analyses were performed: 1) univariate analyses (Pearson’s chi-squared and independent-samples Student’s t-tests) for each feature; and 2) bivariable logistic regressions using features identified from a random forest analysis.

Results

Radiological failure and revision rates were 23% and 12.5%, respectively. Revisions were undertaken at a mean of 25.1 months (sd 26.4) postoperatively. Patients with radiological failure were younger at the time of the initial procedure, were less likely to have a diagnosis of primary osteoarthritis (OA), were more likely to have had ischial screws in previous surgery, had fewer ischial screw holes in their CFAC design, and had more proximal ischial fixation. Random forest analysis identified the age of the patient and the number of locking and non-locking screws used for inclusion in subsequent bivariable logistic regression, but only age (odds ratio 0.93 per year) was found to be significant.

Conclusion

We identified both patient and design features predictive of CFAC survivorship. We found a higher rate of failure in younger patients, those whose primary diagnosis was not OA, and those with more proximal ischial fixation or fewer ischial fixation options. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B(6 Supple B):68–76.
Percepção de idosos ativos sobre a qualidade dos espaços exteriores e edifícios públicos para a promoção do envelhecimento ativo / Perception of active elderly people on the quality of outdoor spaces and public buildings for the promotion of active aging
Authors: Santana Daniel Borges , Pinheiro Francisco Alves
Published: May 2019

Tendo a urbanização e o envelhecimento emergido como fenômenos prementes nas últimas sete décadas, fica evidente a necessidade de adaptar as estruturas urbanas para favorecerem o envelhecimento das pessoas. Esta pesquisa qualitativa busca identificar se, na percepção de idosos ativos, os espaços exteriores e os prédios públicos da área Central da cidade de Paulo Afonso/BA possuem características amigáveis aos idosos. Para tanto, foram realizadas observação assistemática e não participante dos prédios públicos e espaços exteriores e aplicação da técnica de grupo focal com oito idosos utentes desses espaços públicos. Os dados foram interpretados através da técnica de análise de conteúdo, de Bardin (2011). Os resultados apontam ser Paulo Afonso uma cidade que age na direção para se tornar amiga dos idosos, no que se refere aos edifícios públicos e espaços exteriores urbanos, mas que, no entanto, necessita de avanços.
Os Transtornos Mentais Relacionados ao Trabalho dos servidores públicos do Distrito Federal: nexo causal, Sistema de Informações e Notificações / The Mental Disorders Related to the Work of Public Servants of the Federal District: Causal nexus System of Informations and Notifications
Authors: Costa Neto Antonio Gomes da
Published: May 2019

O trabalho analisa os agravos à saúde em decorrência de Transtornos Mentais e Comportamentais (TMC) dos servidores públicos do Governo do Distrito Federal. Discorre sobre a convergência entre os acometimentos e o possível nexo de causalidade entre a licença e a relação laboral. Realizada por meio de análise documental, utilizando do instrumento de coleta de dados da Lei de Acesso a Informação (LAI), além de informações sobre os agravos e notificações registradas no sistema de monitoramento em vigilância sentinela no exercício de 2017. Foram identificadas 15557 licenças concedidas por transtornos mentais, 6.708,40 ou 43,12% dos casos têm evidências de Notificação Compulsória e atingem 8,03% dos 83545 servidores estatutários. Entretanto, no sistema de monitoramento há registro de tão somente 09 (nove), apesar de constituir-se na maior causa de absenteísmo dos servidores estatutários do Distrito Federal. Denota-se ausência de monitoramento e avaliação.
O papel das Políticas Públicas na promoção de infraestrutura a Distritos Industriais para geração de Empregos / The role of Public Policies in the promotion of infrastructure to Industrial Districts for the generation of Jobs
Authors: Santos Adilson Cascia Felix dos , Silva Bruno Cezar
Published: May 2019

A Política Industrial, Tecnológica e de fomentação das indústrias e geração de emprego do Brasil deve ser uma importante adição às recentes iniciativas públicas. Baseia-se em um modelo conjunto de medidas e instrumentos que visam aumentar a eficiência produtiva e elevar os padrões competitivos nas indústrias brasileiras. Ciente do futuro, seu foco principal é a inovação. Mudanças estruturais na economia do Brasil, através da adição de mercados estrangeiros às estratégias da empresa, fornecem outro exemplo do tipo de sinergia que a política industrial pode trazer. Isso tornou mais fácil competir em mercados mais exigentes e diferenciados e se mostrou uma maneira de dar novo ânimo à capacidade industrial instalada no Brasil.  O objetivo geral do trabalho é de mostrar a importância e contribuição das políticas públicas no Brasil, voltadas para o desenvolvimento de infraestrutura básica industrial. A revisão literária narrativa de nível exploratório foi adotada como metodologia do presente ensaio. Um diálogo mais estreito entre o Estado e o setor privado é, portanto, uma preocupação primordial, assim como a integração das ações do governo com as atividades de manufatura e o envolvimento da comunidade científica e tecnológica com a força de trabalho. O futuro que está sendo construído sobre essas iniciativas atuais é mais do que apenas promissor; já está gerando resultados substanciais para a sociedade brasileira.
Interseccionalidades em Saúde: Predomínio de Sífilis Gestacional em Mulheres Negras e Pardas no Brasil /
Authors: Morais Tatiane Ribeiro de , Feitosa Pedro Walisson Gomes , Oliveira Italo Constâncio de , Girão Milena Maria Felipe , Sales Wendell Da Silva , Brito Eulina Alves Sousa , Coutinho Liliana Linhares Ribeiro Brito , Pinheiro Sally De França Lacerda , Tavares Wládia Gislaynne De Sousa
Published: May 2019

A Sífilis Gestacional é responsável por altos índices de morbimortalidade intrauterina, representando um grave problema de saúde pública no grupo materno-infantil. O objetivo desse estudo foi retratar o cenário epidemiológico de sífilis gestacional no Brasil consoantes as variáveis de raça, escolaridade e idade, segundo dados do Boletim epidemiológico publicado pelo Ministério da saúde do Brasil, referentes ao ano de 2017. Para análise comparativa, foram utilizados também dados de 2009 e 2013 publicados na mesma edição. Neste trabalho observou‑se predomínio de mulheres com escolaridade inferior a 8 anos; de maioria parda, com idade de 20 a 29 anos. Os dados do presente estudo corroboram com a tese de que a sífilis, assim como outras DSTs, apresentam supremacia em grupos de riscos específicos, sugerindo a necessidade de implementação de políticas públicas preventivas e assistenciais valorizando a democratização e a equidade no cuidado em saúde.
A Incorporação da Educação Ambiental nas aulas de Biologia no Ensino Médio / The Incorporation of Environmental Education in Biology classes in High School
Authors: Cordeiro Gisele De Sousa , Ribeiro Amanda Maria Villas Bôas
Published: May 2019

O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral refletir sobre o modo de incorporação da educação ambiental nas aulas de biologia do ensino médio Trata-se de uma análise documental dos principais documentos legais vigentes da educação brasileira como: os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCNs); as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs); e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). A educação sofreu diversas mudanças ao longo dos anos e uma delas foi à maneira que o professor incorpora a Educação Ambiental (EA) e exercita a prática pedagógica na disciplina de Biologia no ensino médio. Diante de tantas mudanças, nesse cenário estão professores e alunos que tendem a se adaptarem e inserir todas as normativas em seu currículo. Concorda-se com as mudanças, mas vale salientar que a Educação Ambiental é uma temática interessante que deve ultrapassar as paredes das salas de aula e partir para a comunidade, englobando todas as demais disciplinas., no intuito de facilitar o aprendizado do aluno e contribuir para uma melhor formação educacional.
Plano de Mobilidade Urbana Municipal: Uma análise das Políticas Urbanas com base na Sustentabilidade / Municipal Urban Mobility Plan: An analysis of Urban Policies based on Sustainability
Authors: Souza Emanuela Carvalho de , Melo Marcelo Magno Espíndola de
Published: May 2019

O grande desafio das cidades brasileiras é crescer oferecendo qualidade de vida para seus cidadãos. Nesse sentido, é primordial o desenvolvimento da mobilidade urbana junto com a expansão da área habitável das cidades. Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o cumprimento das políticas de mobilidade urbana pelo Plano de Mobilidade Urbana do Município de Petrolina-PE. A abordagem da pesquisa classifica-se como qualitativa e o tipo de pesquisa exploratório e descritivo. Como resultado constatou-se ausência de acompanhamento dos resultados do plano de mobilidade urbana. Os resultados demonstraram fragilidade do Plano de Mobilidade de Petrolina, posto que, os aspectos de sustentabilidade não foram observados, em sua grande maioria. Ressalta-se a importância e necessidades de novas pesquisas que possam ampliar o conhecimento sobre o fenômeno contemporâneo, mobilidade urbana, que permitam avaliar como estar o processo de alinhamento e aperfeiçoamento do plano de mobilidade urbana nas cidades.
Práticas Integradoras: Ações pedagógicas na educação básica / Integrative Practices: Pedagogical Actions in Basic Education
Authors: Andrade Ana Paula Lima , Miguel Joelson Rodrigues
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo conhecer as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas pelos professores dos anos iniciais nas escolas municipais de Ribeirópolis. A pesquisa buscou identificar como os professores dos anos iniciais trabalham as práticas pedagógicas, descrever elementos/eixos pedagógicos que constituem estas práticas e explicar sua importância nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem dentro do contexto escolar dos professores nas escolas municipais. O estudo foi exploratório e qualitativo, realizado em três escolas municipais da cidade de Ribeirópolis/SE, com coordenadores, professores, alunos e pais/responsáveis que trabalham e estão inseridos nos anos/séries inicias. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi a entrevista ­estruturada, e a análise de dados feita a partir da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2016). Os resultados levaram a crer que, para educar é preciso que professores, pais e alunos estejam envolvidos suficientes para que os desafios do dia-a-dia possam ser superados. O professor precisa estar preparado para cumprir seus objetivos e conquistar seus saberes.Cada aluno precisa se comprometer com o processo de aprendizagem de alfabetização e letramento e, com relação às famílias,  deve-se ter um maior e melhor envolvimento e participação nas ações realizadas no contexto escolar. Cocluiu-se que, dessa forma, é possível atingir maior qualidade na educação, com práticas educacionais que utilizem diferentes metodologias e que sejam trabalhadas de forma conjunta entre os envolvidos.
Jogos: Uma Proposta Pedagógica no ensino da Microbiologia para o Ensino Superior / Games: A Pedagogical Proposal on Microbiology Education for Higher Education
Authors: Silva Sílvio Francisco da , Colombo Andrea Vieira
Published: May 2019

A procura por novos recursos pedagógicos vem crescendo com o passar do tempo, pois nos dias de hoje se faz necessário desvencilhar-se de uma proposta pedagógica desatualizada. É de suma importância que os docentes reconheçam que o modo de ensinar mudou e que aquele modo de aprendizado apenas por repetição não surte o efeito esperado nos educandos, ocasionado assim insucesso na aprendizagem.  Há uma percepção geral na educação que grande parte desse insucesso é consequência das más propostas pedagógicas institucionalizadas. Essa não é apenas uma realidade do ensino básico; notamos que o ensino superior também passa pelo mesmo problema: proposta pedagógica ultrapassada. Refletindo por essa vertente, será de grande valia que os docentes comecem a integrar às suas técnicas de ensino novas propostas pedagógicas e alternativas que a complementem e que despertem um interesse maior por parte dos estudantes. Em meio a essas propostas, está à aplicação de jogos como finalidade didática para trazer um embasamento ao conteúdo ministrado. Sendo assim, esse trabalho vem mostrar a importância que os jogos didáticos podem trazer ao aprendizado dos educandos no ensino superior, em particular na disciplina de microbiologia. A utilização de jogos didáticos na microbiologia tem impacto positivo no processo cognitivo, comportamental e afetivo da aprendizagem sobre os estudantes de graduação.
O Marco Regulatório: Análise da Lei N° 13.019/2014 e suas aplicabilidades no terceiro setor por meio do Decreto Municipal N° 405/2017 no âmbito esportivo / The Regulatory Framework: Analysis of Law N°. 13.019 / 2014 and its applicabilities in the third sector by means of Municipal Decree N° 405/2017 in the Sportive Ambit
Authors: Neves Ana Paula Cerqueira , Jesus Jorge Alberto Santana de
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo é um estudo bibliográfico que tem como eixo temático o Marco regulatório: análise da Lei 13.019/2014 e suas aplicabilidade no Terceiro Setor, observando o Decreto Municipal n° 405/2017 no âmbito esportivo de Senhor do Bonfim-BA. O estudo teve como relevância analisar as associações jurídicas privadas no âmbito esportivo do município de Senhor do Bonfim -BA, no cenário do Terceiro Setor. Com isso o objetivo deste trabalho foi refletir dentro da Lei Federal n° 13.019/14 sua aplicabilidade na instancia municipal por meio do decreto 405/2017, no âmbito esportivo local. Detalhando em analisar as finalidades do MROSC. Observando os fatores relevantes Lei n° 13.019/2014. E compreendendo a legalidade do decreto 405/2017 no âmbito esportivo municipal. Problematizando sobre qual a importância do terceiro setor para âmbito esportivo do munícipio e quais investimentos que o município traz para o mesmo. Dividindo-o em três partes: Terceiro Setor no Brasil; Lei Federal n° 13.019/2014 e o reflexo do marco regulatório no âmbito esportivo do município de Senhor do Bonfim -BA.
Acolhimento na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura / Reception in the Psychosocial Care Network: Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Oliveira Aline Barros de
Published: May 2019

O Objetivo do estudo foi analisar um recorte da produção científica acerca do acolhimento na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada através das bases de dados LILACS e BDENF, a partir dos descritores acolhimento, saúde mental, serviços de saúde e desinstitucionalização. Resultados: Foram selecionados 17 artigos, desses em 14 (82,35%) houve a menção da escuta como forma de acolhimento, seguido de estabelecimento de vínculo 8 (47,05%) e diálogo 6 (35,29%). Em 12 (70,58%) tiveram profissionais como sujeitos de estudo. Conclusão: Ratifica-se a necessidade de mais estudos sobre acolhimento na saúde mental, uma vez que é uma prática imprescindível em qualquer serviço da Rede de atenção Psicossocial, pois esse público apresenta maior vulnerabilidade. A inexistência dessa prática como forma de escuta qualificada, diálogo e estabelecimento de vínculo poderá comprometer a continuidade no cuidado.