bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TINJAUAN TENTANG CLICKBAIT DI MEDIA
Authors: Solihin Olih , Widyaningrum Rachmawati , Hariyati Farida , Nurhadi Zikri Fachrul , Waluyo Effendi Agus
Published: July 2024

The ease of access to information via the internet certainly has a positive impact on the community, and at the same time the community also accepts the negative impact. One negative thing is the growth of clickbait produced by online mass media. This paper aims to examine clickbait starting from the definition, types of clickbait, the advantages and disadvantages of using clickbait in terms of business and journalism. This study uses a qualitative approach, using content analysis as the main research data source. The author reviews various journals that examine clickbait, books, and website searches. The results show that the use of clickbait is a strategy by the mass media to persuade their readers to visit their website, then the number of reader visits is used as the basis for media companies to compete with their business partners. Clickbait provides business benefits in a limited time, while from a journalistic perspective it is clearly very detrimental, because the journalistic quality is very bad.
MAKNA KOMUNIKASI ANTARA PERAWAT DAN PASIEN PADA MASA ISOLASI PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Yatnosaputro Rosanti Utami Dewi Suyatman
Published: July 2024

This research is motivated by the many cases of people exposed to Covid-19 who have to carry out isolation. With an increase in positive Covid-19 patients with a very fast risk of transmission, so in this study how to communicate patients and nurses in interpreting them during isolation during a pandemic. This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenology theory which has the basic assumption that humans actively interpret the experiences they feel by giving meaning to something they have experienced. Data collection techniques used are observation, in-depth interviews and literature study. There were 6 informants in this study including Covid-19 patients and nurses and 3 informants from hospitals, the Health Service and the Covid-19 Task Force. The results of the study showed that the motives of patients and nurses during the isolation period had motives to help heal Covid-19 patients and for patients to have motives to cure Covid-19 by isolating in hospitals, and motives because this is how patients and nurses can become part of Covid -19. Initially, patients with Covid-19 experienced transmission from those infected with Covid-19. In the process of isolation to divert fear. Experiences felt by patients and nurses get positive and negative experiences during isolation. This is the experience experienced by the informant who hopes that the Covid-19 pandemic will end quickly because they are tired enough to face this pandemic and it is hoped that a pandemic like this will not happen again.
keywords: phenomenology, isolation, covid-19, experience
Implementasi Hukum Pembangunan Infrastruktur Kecamatan Galang Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 25 tahun 2004 tentang Sistem Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional
Authors: Zukriadi Diki , Kornelis Yudi
Published: July 2024

Latar Belakang Bagian wilayah hiterland Kota Batam khususnya Kecamatan Galang pembangunan yang terjadi masih belum merata, maka pemerintah Kota Batam berupaya melakukan pengembangan wilayah. Pengertian daerah/wilayah disini mencakup daerah Kabupaten/Kota dan Daerah Propinsi, masing-masing sebagai daerah otonom. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti memfokuskan pada pengembangan wilayah pada daerah Batam, yaitu pada karena saat ini wilayah hiterland sedang menjadi perhatian Pemerintah Kota Batam untuk dikembangkan. Dalam melaksanakan penelitian ini, Peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif merupakan penelitian hukum konseptual sebagaimana yang ada dalam peraturan PerUndang-Undangan dan konseptual yang ada dalam kaidah-kaidah hukum lainnya yang hidup dalam masyarakat terhadap suatu permasalahan hukum tertentu. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mensyiratkan kepada Pemerintahan Pusat khususnya dan Pemerintah Daerah pada khususnya agar memperhatikan Pembangunan yang berkelanjutan untuk daerah-daerah terluar seperti Pulau Galang, karena Pembangunan daerah terluar selama ini jauh tertinggal dari daerah-daerah daratan atau Minland. Kesimpulan penelitian ini Implementasi pembangunan infrastruktur di Kecamatan Galang berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2004 Tentang Sistem Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional dipengaruhi oleh beberapa komponen diantaranya Standard dan Sasaran Kebijakan dan Dalam mengukur standard kebijakan pemerintah memiliki landasan atau aturan yang harus dilaksanakan, di dalam kegiatan pembangunan infrastruktur kecamatan bulang berpedoman pada Peraturan Walikota Batam Nomor 29 Tahun 2023 Tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Walikota Batam Nomor 8 Tahun 2023 Tentang Petunjuk Teknis Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Swakelola Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Peningkatan Infrastruktur Lingkungan Pemukiman Wilayah Kelurahan (PM-PIK) Kota Batam.
Determining the frequency of thyroid involvement in chest CT scans of COVID-19 patients and its correlation with the severity of lung involvement and survival of patients in 2020
Authors: Yarmahmoodi Fatemeh , Samimi Shoayb , Zeinali-Rafsanjani Banafasheh , Razavinejad Seyed Mostajab , Saeedi-Moghadam Mahdi
Published: July 2024

Introduction

This study aimed to determine the frequency of thyroid gland involvement in chest CT scans of patients with COVID-19 admitted to university-affiliated hospitals and assess its relationship with the severity of lung involvement and patient survival in 2020.

Material and methods

In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 1000 PCR-positive patients with COVID-19 who were referred to University-affiliated Hospital in 2020 and had chest CT performed within 72 hours of admission to the hospital were examined. The data was collected by patient file information and CT findings recorded in the PACS system, including thyroid involvement, the severity of lung involvement, and findings related to the death and recovery of patients.

Results

The mean age of the examined patients was 56 years. 525 people (52.5%) were men, and 475 (47.5%) were women. 14% had severe pulmonary involvement, and 9.3% had very severe involvement. Moreover, 15.9 percent of them had deceased. 19.7% had focal thyroid involvement, 14% had diffuse involvement, and 66.3% were healthy subjects. Male gender and older age showed a significant relationship with thyroid gland involvement. The severity of lung involvement, the death rate in patients, and hospitalization in ICU were also significantly related to thyroid gland involvement in patients with COVID.

Discussion and conclusion

This study highlights the importance of considering thyroid-gland involvement in the comprehensive management of COVID-19 patients. Routine screening and monitoring of thyroid-function may facilitate earlier detection and appropriate management of thyroid-related complications, potentially improving clinical outcomes. This study suggests that in COVID-19 infection the monitoring of thyroid function is prudent, particularly in cases of more serious disease.
Association between blood metabolites and basal cell carcinoma risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wu Bingliang , Pan FuQiang , Wang QiaoQi , Liang Qian , Qiu HouHuang , Zhou SiYuan , Zhou Xiang
Published: July 2024

Background

Circulating metabolites, which play a crucial role in our health, have been reported to be disordered in basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Despite these findings, evidence is still lacking to determine whether these metabolites directly promote or prevent BCC’s progression. Therefore, our study aims to examine the potential effects of circulating metabolites on BCC progression.

Material and methods

We conducted a two−sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using data from two separate genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The primary study included data for 123 blood metabolites from a GWAS with 25,000 Finnish individuals, while the secondary study had data for 249 blood metabolites from a GWAS with 114,000 UK Biobank participants.GWAS data for BCC were obtained from the UK Biobank for the primary analysis and the FinnGen consortium for the secondary analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy.

Results

In the primary analysis, significant causal relationships were found between six metabolic traits and BCC with the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method after multiple testing [P < 4 × 10−4 (0.05/123)]. Four metabolic traits were discovered to be significantly linked with BCC in the secondary analysis, with a significance level of P < 2 × 10−4 (0.05/249). We found that all the significant traits are linked to Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) and their degree of unsaturation.

Conclusion

Our research has revealed a direct link between the susceptibility of BCC and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and their degree of unsaturation. This discovery implies screening and prevention of BCC.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the CONSTANS-like family in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Yin Wang , Wang Luo , Shu Qiqiong , Chen Mingjun , Li Fei , Luo Xiaobo
Published: July 2024

The CONSTANS-like (COL) gene plays important roles in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress. A total of 15 COL genes are unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes in the potato genome. The amino acid length of the family members was 347–453 aa, the molecular weight was 38.65–49.92 kD, and the isoelectric point was 5.13–6.09. The StCOL family can be divided into three subfamilies by evolutionary tree analysis, with conserved motifs and similar gene structure positions in each subfamily. The analysis of promoter cis-acting elements showed 17 cis-acting elements related to plant hormones, stress, and light response. Collinearity analysis of COL genes of tomato, potato, and Arabidopsis showed that 13 StCOL genes in the different species may have a common ancestor. A total of 10 conserved motifs and six kinds of post-translational modifications in the 15 StCOL proteins were identified. The 15 StCOL genes exhibit a genomic structure consisting of exons and introns, typically ranging from two to four in number. The results showed that 10 genes displayed significant expression across all potato tissues, while the remaining five genes were down-expressed in potato transcriptome data. The quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis exhibited differential expression of 8 StCOL genes in the potato leaves and tubers at different growth stages, as well as 7 StCOL genes under 2°C treatment conditions. These results suggested that the StCOL gene family may play an important role in regulating potato tuberization and responding to cold stress.
Case report: Persistent hypogammaglobulinemia and mixed chimerism after HLA class-II disparate-hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: de Gier Melanie , Pico-Knijnenburg Ingrid , van Ostaijen-ten Dam Monique M. , Berghuis Dagmar , Smiers Frans J. , van Beek Adriaan A. , Jolink Hetty , Jansen Patty M. , Lankester Arjan C. , van der Burg Mirjam
Published: July 2024

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative treatment for various hematological, immunological and metabolic diseases, replacing the patient’s hematopoietic system with donor-derived healthy hematopoietic stem cells. HSCT can be complicated by early and late events related to impaired immunological recovery such as prolonged hypogammaglobulinemia post-HSCT. We present a 16-year-old female patient with sickle-cell disease who underwent HSCT with stem cells from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-II mismatched family donor. While cellular recovery was good post-HSCT, the patient developed mixed chimerism and suffered from cervical lymphadenopathy, recurrent airway infections and cutaneous SLE. She presented with hypogammaglobulinemia and was started on immunoglobulin substitution therapy and antibiotic prophylaxis. B-cell phenotyping showed that she had increased transitional and naïve mature B cells, reduced memory B cells, and diminished marginal zone/natural effector cells. In-depth immunophenotyping and B-cell receptor repertoire sequencing ruled out an intrinsic B-cell defect by expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), presence of somatic hypermutations and differentiation into IgG- and IgA-producing plasma cells in vitro. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry of lymph node tissue showed a clear block in terminal B-cell differentiation. Chimerism analysis of sorted lymph node populations showed that exclusively patient-derived B cells populated germinal centers, while only a minor fraction of follicular helper T cells was patient-derived. Given this discrepancy, we deduced that the HLA class-II disparity between patient and donor likely hinders terminal B-cell differentiation in the lymph node. This case highlights that studying disturbed cognate T-B interactions in the secondary lymphoid organs can provide unique insights when deciphering prolonged hypogammaglobulinemia post-HSCT.
Development and validation of a nomogram to predict mortality of patients with DIC in ICU
Authors: Zeng Qingbo , Lin Qingwei , Zhong Lincui , He Longping , Zhang Nianqing , Song Jingchun
Published: July 2024

Background

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a devastating condition, which always cause poor outcome of critically ill patients in intensive care unit. Studies concerning short-term mortality prediction in DIC patients is scarce. This study aimed to identify risk factors contributing to DIC mortality and construct a predictive nomogram.

Methods

A total of 676 overt DIC patients were included. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was developed based on covariates identified using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The prediction performance was independently evaluated in the MIMIC-III and MIMIC-IV Clinical Database, as well as the 908th Hospital Database (908thH). Model performance was independently assessed using MIMIC-III, MIMIC-IV, and the 908th Hospital Clinical Database.

Results

The Cox model incorporated variables identified by Lasso regression including heart failure, sepsis, height, SBP, lactate levels, HCT, PLT, INR, AST, and norepinephrine use. The model effectively stratified patients into different mortality risk groups, with a C-index of >0.65 across the MIMIC-III, MIMIC-IV, and 908th Hospital databases. The calibration curves of the model at 7 and 28 days demonstrated that the prediction performance was good. And then, a nomogram was developed to facilitate result visualization. Decision curve analysis indicated superior net benefits of the nomogram.

Conclusion

This study provides a predictive nomogram for short-term overt DIC mortality risk based on a Lasso-Cox regression model, offering individualized and reliable mortality risk predictions.
Glutamine enhances pneumococcal growth under methionine semi-starvation by elevating intracellular pH
Authors: Zhang Chengwang , Liu Juncheng , Liu Xiaohui , Xu Yueyu , Gan Qingxiu , Cheng Qinqian , Liu Weiping , Gao Xiangmin , Wu Songquan
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Bacteria frequently encounter nutrient limitation in nature. The ability of living in this nutrient shortage environment is vital for bacteria to preserve their population and important for some pathogenic bacteria to cause infectious diseases. Usually, we study how bacteria survive after nutrient depletion, a total starvation condition when bacteria almost cease growth and try to survive. However, nutrient limitation may not always lead to total starvation.

Methods

Bacterial adaptation to nutrient shortage was studied by determining bacterial growth curves, intracellular pH, intracellular amino acid contents, gene transcription, protein expression, enzyme activity, and translation and replication activities.

Results

No exogenous supply of methionine results in growth attenuation of Streptococcus pneumoniae, a human pathogen. In this paper, we refer to this inhibited growth state between ceased growth under total starvation and full-speed growth with full nutrients as semi-starvation. Similar to total starvation, methionine semi-starvation also leads to intracellular acidification. Surprisingly, it is intracellular acidification but not insufficient methionine synthesis that causes growth attenuation under methionine semi-starvation. With excessive glutamine supply in the medium, intracellular methionine level was not changed, while bacterial intracellular pH was elevated to ~ 7.6 (the optimal intracellular pH for pneumococcal growth) by glutamine deamination, and bacterial growth under semi-starvation was restored fully. Our data suggest that intracellular acidification decreases translation level and glutamine supply increases intracellular pH to restore translation level, thus restoring bacterial growth.

Discussion

This growth with intracellular pH adjustment by glutamine is a novel strategy we found for bacterial adaptation to nutrient shortage, which may provide new drug targets to inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria under semi-starvation.
AttentionCARE: replicability of a BCI for the clinical application of augmented reality-guided EEG-based attention modification for adolescents at high risk for depression
Authors: Gall Richard , Mcdonald Nastasia , Huang Xiaofei , Wears Anna , Price Rebecca B. , Ostadabbas Sarah , Akcakaya Murat , Woody Mary L.
Published: July 2024

Affect-biased attention is the phenomenon of prioritizing attention to emotionally salient stimuli and away from goal-directed stimuli. It is thought that affect-biased attention to emotional stimuli is a driving factor in the development of depression. This effect has been well-studied in adults, but research shows that this is also true during adolescence, when the severity of depressive symptoms are correlated with the magnitude of affect-biased attention to negative emotional stimuli. Prior studies have shown that trainings to modify affect-biased attention may ameliorate depression in adults, but this research has also been stymied by concerns about reliability and replicability. This study describes a clinical application of augmented reality-guided EEG-based attention modification (“AttentionCARE”) for adolescents who are at highest risk for future depressive disorders (i.e., daughters of depressed mothers). Our results (n = 10) indicated that the AttentionCARE protocol can reliably and accurately provide neurofeedback about adolescent attention to negative emotional distractors that detract from attention to a primary task. Through several within and cross-study replications, our work addresses concerns about the lack of reliability and reproducibility in brain-computer interface applications, offering insights for future interventions to modify affect-biased attention in high-risk adolescents.
Hemodynamic activity is not parsimoniously tuned to index-of-difficulty in movement with dual requirements on speed-accuracy
Authors: Ji Haibiao , Chen Zhi , Qiao Yongjun , Yan Jin , Chen Gaoxiang , Luo Qi , Cui Lijun , Zong Ya , Xie Qing , Niu Chuanxin M.
Published: July 2024

Background

Reaching movements are crucial for daily living and rehabilitation, for which Fitts' Law describes a speed-accuracy trade-off that movement time increases with task difficulty. This study aims to investigate whether cortical activation in motor-related areas is directly linked to task difficulty as defined by Fitts' Law. Understanding this relationship provides a physiological basis for parameter selection in therapeutic exercises.

Methods

Sixteen healthy subjects performed 2D reaching movements using a rehabilitation robot, with their cortical responses detected using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Task difficulty was manipulated by varying target size and distance, resulting in 3 levels of index-of-difficulty (ID). Kinematic signals were recorded alongside cortical activity to assess the relationship among movement time, task difficulty, and cortical activation.

Results

Our results showed that movement time increased with ID by 0.2974s/bit across all subjects (conditional r2 = 0.6434, p < 0.0001), and all subjects showed individual trends conforming Fitts' Law (all p < 0.001). Neither activation in BA4 nor in BA6 showed a significant correlation with ID (p > 0.05), while both the target size and distance, as well as the interaction between them, showed a significant relationship with BA4 or BA6 activation (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion

This study found that although kinematic measures supported Fitts' Law, cortical activity in motor-related areas during reaching movements did not correlate directly with task difficulty as defined by Fitts' Law. Additional factors such as muscle activation may call for different cortical control even when difficulty was identical.
“Off-The-Shelf” allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for B-cell malignancies: current clinical evidence and challenges
Authors: Mohty Razan , Lazaryan Aleksandr
Published: July 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR T) has revolutionized the treatment landscape for hematologic malignancies, notably B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). While autologous CAR T products have shown remarkable efficacy, their complex logistics, lengthy manufacturing process, and high costs impede widespread accessibility and pose therapeutic challenge especially for patients in rapid need for therapy. “Off-the-shelf” allogeneic CAR T-cell therapy (alloCAR T) has emerged as a promising alternative therapy, albeit experimental to date. AlloCARTs are derived from healthy donors, manufactured by batches and stored, making them available off-the-shelf which lowers financial burden. Various gene editing techniques have been employed to mitigate graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and host-versus-graft (HvG) to enhance alloCAR T persistence. In this review, we summarize available manufacturing techniques, current evidence, and discuss challenges faced with the use of alloCAR Ts.
Nandina domestica Thunb.: a review of traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology
Authors: Qian Huiqin , Li Yanling
Published: July 2024

Nandina domestica: Thunb. is a traditional Chinese herbal drug that has long been used in China and Japan for the treatment of colds, fevers, asthma, chronic bronchitis, conjunctivitis, whooping cough, pharyngeal tumors, etc. Published data have reported at least 366 constituents from N. domestica, including alkaloids, flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids, phenolic acids and their derivatives, fatty acids, and others. Of these, the isoquinoline alkaloids are considered characteristic markers for N. domestica. These alkaloids also showed the most promising bioactivities. The crude extracts or semi-purified constituents of N. domestica exhibit a variety of activities, including antitumor, dermatological, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and detoxification activities, as well as effects on respiratory system, etc. The fruit is considered poisonous when eaten raw, with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain as side effects after ingestion. Most traditional uses are supported by biological activities demonstrated in modern experimental studies, suggesting a potential medicinal value of N. domestica. However, more information is needed on its mechanisms of activity, pharmacokinetic profile of the constituents, and its safety and efficacy profile in humans.
Role of nuclear protein Akirin in the modulation of female reproduction in Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
Authors: Gou Feiyan , Zhang Daowei , Chen Siqi , Zhang Mingjing , Chen Jing
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Akirin as a highly conserved transcription factor, exerts a profound influence on the growth, development, immune response, and reproductive processes in animals. The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, a major pest in rice production in Asia, possesses high reproductive capacity, a critical factor contributing to reduced rice yields. The aims of this study were to demonstrate the regulatory role of Akirin in the reproduction of BPH.

Methods: In this study, quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of genes. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to downregulate the expression of Akirin gene, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to screen for differentially expressed genes caused by Akirin downregulation. Hormone contents were measured with the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and protein content was evaluated with the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method.

Results: Using BPH genome data, we screened for an Akirin gene (NlAkirin). An analysis of tissue-specific expressions showed that NlAkirin was expressed in all tissues tested in female BPH, but its expression level was highest in the ovary. After inhibiting the mRNA expression of NlAkirin in BPH females, the number of eggs laid, hatching rate, and number of ovarioles decreased. Transcriptome sequencing was performed, following a NlAkirin double-stranded RNA treatment. Compared with the genes of the control, which was injected with GFP double-stranded RNA, there were 438 upregulated genes and 1012 downregulated genes; the expression of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) genes as well as the mRNA expression of genes related to the target of rapamycin (TOR), juvenile hormone (JH), and insulin pathways involved in Vg synthesis was significantly downregulated. As a result of NlAkirin knockdown, the titers of JH III and Ecdysone (Ecd) were downregulated in unmated females but returned to normal levels in mated females. The ovarian protein contents in both unmated and mated females were downregulated.

Discussion and conclusion: Our results suggest that NlAkirin affects female BPH reproduction by regulating the mRNA expression of genes related to the Vg, VgR, TOR, JH, and insulin signaling pathways, in addition to the titers of JH III and Ecd. The findings of this research provide novel insights into the regulatory role of Akirin in insect reproductive capacity.
Factors associated with depression during pregnancy in women receiving high- and low-risk prenatal care: a predictive model
Authors: Albertini Jessica Gorrão Lopes , Benute Glaucia Rossana Guerra , Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira , Galletta Marco Aurélio Knippel
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Depression during pregnancy can put strain on pregnant women’s interpersonal relationships, the formation of emotional bonds with the fetus, and the adaptation to the new routine and social role post-pregnancy. Some studies have associated socioeconomic factors, emotional factors, interpersonal relationships, perceived social support, gestational risk, and the occurrence of certain diseases during pregnancy with higher risk of depression.

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression during pregnancy and associated factors in low- and high-risk prenatal patients at a Brazilian university hospital.

Methods

This study presents a retrospective and prospective cross-sectional design. A total of 684 prenatal psychological analysis records from a Brazilian tertiary university service were retrospectively evaluated to assess depression through the PRIME-MD questionnaire between 2002–2017. Between 2017 and 2018, 76 patients treated at the same service were prospectively evaluated with the aforementioned instrument. Medical records were accessed to obtain labor and birth data. Multivariate analyses assessed the association between sociodemographic, gestational or obstetric, and health variables and the presence of depression during pregnancy.

Results

A total of 760 pregnant women were included in the study, with a depression prevalence of 20.66% (n = 157). At the time of assessment, 48 (21.05%) women from the low-risk pregnancy group and 109 (20.49%) from the high-risk pregnancy group were depressed. The mean age was 30.01 ± 6.55 years in the group with depression and 29.81 ± 6.50 years in the group without depression. In the univariate analysis, there was an association of risk for depression with absence of paid work, absence of a partner, low family income and diagnosis of epilepsy, being a protective factor the presence of diabetes during pregnancy. However, in the multivariate analysis, a lower family income, not having a partner at the time of the assessment, and the prevalence of epilepsy were independently associated with an increased risk of depression during pregnancy.

Conclusion

This study showed that 1 in 5 women had depression during pregnancy, with no association with obstetric risk, but those women living in unfavorable economic conditions, without a partner, and having epilepsy were at increased risk of depression.
Preoperative Anxiolysis and Treatment Expectation (PATE Trial): open-label placebo treatment to reduce preoperative anxiety in female patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery – study protocol for a bicentric, prospective, randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Wessels Johannes , Klinger Regine , Benson Sven , Brenner Thorsten , Elsenbruch Sigrid , Aulenkamp Jana L.
Published: July 2024

One of the most common concerns of patients undergoing surgery is preoperative anxiety, with a prevalence of up to 48%. The effects of preoperative anxiety continue beyond the preoperative period and are associated with more severe postoperative pain and poorer treatment outcomes. Treatment options for preoperative anxiety are often limited as sedatives cause side effects and their efficacy remains controversial. Placebo research has shown that optimization of positive treatment expectations, as can be achieved through placebo administration and education, has clinically relevant effects on preoperative anxiety, pain and treatment outcomes. As the administration of masked placebos raises ethical questions, clinical studies have increasingly focused on the use of open, non-deceptive placebo administration (open-label placebo, OLP). The use of OLPs to reduce preoperative anxiety and modify clinically relevant postoperative outcomes has not yet been investigated. This bicentric, prospective, randomized-controlled clinical trial (PATE Trial; German Registry for Clinical Studies DRKS00033221), an associated project of the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 289 “Treatment Expectation”, aims to alleviate preoperative anxiety by optimizing positive treatment expectations facilitated by OLP. Furthermore, this study examines a potential enhancement of these effects through aspects of observational learning, operationalized by a positive expectation-enhancing video. In addition, patient’s perspective on the self-efficacy and appropriateness of OLPs prior to surgery will be assessed. To achieve these objectives, female patients will be randomized into three groups before undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery. One group receives the OLP with a positive rationale conveyed by a study physician. A second group receives the same intervention, OLP administration and rationale provided by a physician, and additionally watches a video on OLP presenting a satisfied patient. A third group receives standard treatment as usual (TAU). Outcome measures will be effects on preoperative anxiety and postoperative experience, particularly visceral and somatic postoperative pain. As the non-deceptive administration of placebos; when indicated; may yield positive outcomes without side effects, and as current treatment of preoperative anxiety is limited, evidence from clinical placebo research has the potential to improve outcomes and patient experience in the surgical setting.
Israel's civil society 2023 from protest to aid provision – a serving elite perspective
Authors: Gidron Benjamin , Katz Hagai
Published: July 2024

The year 2023 in Israel started with illiberal constitutional change efforts by the new right-wing government and concluded with a brutal attack by Hamas terrorists and the subsequent war. Both occurrences galvanized two massive surges of civil society activism. The first was a mass protest that impeded the government's undemocratic legislation. The second was a large-scale mobilization to support a variety of populations affected by the war, providing services and goods that supplanted the failed governmental crisis response. Using a Serving Elite perspective and elaborating on this concept in the Israeli context, the paper analyzes the organizations that transitioned overnight from protest to service delivery. While these are two known roles played by civil society in general, such a transition from protest to support within the same organization is unusual, if at all existent. The paper analyses nineteen (19) in-depth interviews with leaders of 10 prominent organizations active in the protest and the aid phases. It explores their participants, forms of organizing, activities, ideologies, and interconnections, particularly emphasizing the transition. Thematic analysis of the interviews revealed the emergence of a new Serving Elite in the making, liberal in orientation, and developed during the crises. This perspective provides an opportunity to highlight processes deeply embedded in Israel's social, political, and cultural landscapes, changing elites and power relations, and Israel's culture of entrepreneurship. It also provides a framework for analyses of serving elites in other countries.
Lower perceived stress among physically active elite private university students with higher levels of gratitude
Authors: Kabiri Laura S. , Le Jennie , Diep Cassandra S. , Chung Eunbi , Wong Jacob , Perkins-Ball Amanda M. , Perkins Heidi Y. , Rodriguez Augusto X.
Published: July 2024

Elite private universities have high stress levels, particularly for underrepresented populations. While physical activity and gratitude can both reduce stress, independent effects from gratitude and interaction effects between physical activity and gratitude on stress are insufficiently explored. Our study investigated these effects among undergraduates at elite private universities. Undergraduates (n = 145) completed an online survey in Fall 2022. Moderate-high physical activity levels were reported by 96.19% of the sample. No significant interaction effect between physical activity and gratitude was seen nor a significant main effect of physical activity on perceived stress. A significant main effect of gratitude on perceived stress [F(2, 99) = 16.732,p < .001,ω2 = .253] was found with higher perceived stress among participants with low compared to moderate (p = .001) or high gratitude (p < .001). Gratitude exerted an independent, significant effect on perceived stress among elite university undergraduates and could be used as an additional healthy coping mechanism along with physical activity to combat stress.
TaskFinder: A Semantics-Based Methodology for Visualization Task Recommendation
Authors: Coelho Darius , Ghai Bhavya , Krishna Arjun , Velez-Rojas Maria , Greenspan Steve , Mankovski Serge , Mueller Klaus
Published: July 2024

Data visualization has entered the mainstream, and numerous visualization recommender systems have been proposed to assist visualization novices, as well as busy professionals, in selecting the most appropriate type of chart for their data. Given a dataset and a set of user-defined analytical tasks, these systems can make recommendations based on expert coded visualization design principles or empirical models. However, the need to identify the pertinent analytical tasks beforehand still exists and often requires domain expertise. In this work, we aim to automate this step with TaskFinder, a prototype system that leverages the information available in textual documents to understand domain-specific relations between attributes and tasks. TaskFinder employs word vectors as well as a custom dependency parser along with an expert-defined list of task keywords to extract and rank associations between tasks and attributes. It pairs these associations with a statistical analysis of the dataset to filter out tasks irrelevant given the data. TaskFinder ultimately produces a ranked list of attribute–task pairs. We show that the number of domain articles needed to converge to a recommendation consensus is bounded for our approach. We demonstrate our TaskFinder over multiple domains with varying article types and quantities.
Learning Curve in Two-Port Laparoscopic Gastropexy Using FlexDex
Authors: Massari Federico , Kelly Gary Matthew Martin
Published: July 2024

Objectives: Keyhole gastropexy is becoming increasingly popular, and the new development facilitates shorter surgical times. This paper reports on the learning curve in two-port laparoscopic gastropexy using FlexDex in a specialist’s hands. FlexDex is a novel tool combining aspects of robotic surgery without requiring an expensive robot theatre setting. Methods: Cohort of 16 dogs >25 kg and at high risk of gastric volvulus and dilatation (GDV) undergoing elective laparoscopic gastropexy were enrolled in the study consecutively from 5/2022 to 9/2023. All patients were operated on by one surgeon (FM), and surgical time was recorded to assess learning curve. Competence was defined as plateauing surgical time. Detailed follow-up at 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 2 months, 6 months, and long-term was recorded for success rate and complications. Ultrasound examination was scheduled at 4–6-month review to confirm lasting success of the gastropexy. Results: All 16 patients were operated on successfully without any significant complications, as confirmed on the ultrasound. The surgical time of laparoscopic gastropexy reduced from 52 to 14 min (reduction of 38 min/73%) and reached plateau after the 12th case of the 16, making it a very steep learning curve in specialist hands. There were no serious complications, and success rate was 100% at the 6-month ultrasound assessment. Clinical Significance: This is the first paper to report on the learning curve with the FlexDex device in a two-port laparoscopic gastropexy setting. It effectively halves the operating time to 30 min, making the surgery safer for the patient and more cost-efficient, without compromising the result.
Characterizing the Phan Rang Sheep: A First Look at the Y Chromosome, Mitochondrial DNA, and Morphometrics
Authors: Luong Nguyen Ngoc , Ha Huynh Thi Thu , Huy Nguyen Xuan , Loi Bui Van , Van Nguyen Huu , Quang Hoang Tan , Loc Nguyen Hoang
Published: July 2024

The Phan Rang sheep, considered the sole indigenous breed of Vietnam, are primarily concentrated in the two central provinces of Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan, with Ninh Thuan accounting for more than 90% of the country’s sheep population. These provinces are known for their high temperatures and frequent droughts. The long-standing presence of the Phan Rang sheep in these regions suggests their potential resilience to heat stress—a trait of increasing interest in the face of global climate change. Despite the breed’s significance, a critical knowledge gap hinders conservation and breeding programs. To address this, our study employed a two-pronged approach. First, we collected body conformational data to aid in breed identification. Second, we analyzed mitochondrial DNA (D-loop) and Y chromosome markers (SRY and SRYM18) to elucidate the maternal and paternal lineages. Among the 68 Phan Rang sheep analyzed for their D-loop, 19 belonged to mitochondrial haplogroup A, while 49 belonged to haplogroup B. The haplogroups can be subdivided into 16 unique haplotypes. All 19 rams surveyed for their paternal lineages belonged to haplotypes H5 and H6. These findings strongly support the hypothesis of dual origins for the Phan Rang sheep. This study presents the first genetic data for the Phan Rang breed, providing crucial insights for future research and conservation efforts.
Federated Multi-Label Learning (FMLL): Innovative Method for Classification Tasks in Animal Science
Authors: Ghasemkhani Bita , Varliklar Ozlem , Dogan Yunus , Utku Semih , Birant Kokten Ulas , Birant Derya
Published: July 2024

Federated learning is a collaborative machine learning paradigm where multiple parties jointly train a predictive model while keeping their data. On the other hand, multi-label learning deals with classification tasks where instances may simultaneously belong to multiple classes. This study introduces the concept of Federated Multi-Label Learning (FMLL), combining these two important approaches. The proposed approach leverages federated learning principles to address multi-label classification tasks. Specifically, it adopts the Binary Relevance (BR) strategy to handle the multi-label nature of the data and employs the Reduced-Error Pruning Tree (REPTree) as the base classifier. The effectiveness of the FMLL method was demonstrated by experiments carried out on three diverse datasets within the context of animal science: Amphibians, Anuran-Calls-(MFCCs), and HackerEarth-Adopt-A-Buddy. The accuracy rates achieved across these animal datasets were 73.24%, 94.50%, and 86.12%, respectively. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, FMLL exhibited remarkable improvements (above 10%) in average accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score metrics.
The Development of a Hailstone Disdrometer and Its Preliminary Observation in Aksu, Xinjiang
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Mou Xiaoxuan , Kang Juan , Zhu Sihua , Fan Yujiang , Fan Hongyun , Wei Xuhui , Chen Dan , Ren Shiqi , Jia Shengjie , Li Jia , Li Na , Ran Lingkun , Zhou Kuo , Zhang Jinqiang
Published: July 2024

Hailfall is a severe local weather event that can cause great economic losses as well as the loss of people’s property; however, it is still difficult for domestic meteorological stations to comprehensively observe hail, and domestic independently developed hail observation instruments are still scarce. To help enable better automatic hail observations, a new independently developed hailstone disdrometer based on the acoustic principle, which can be used to measure the hailstone number and particle size and to calculate the corresponding equivalent liquid precipitation of hailstones, is proposed in this paper. The characteristics of hailstones were preliminarily analyzed using observation data from two hailstone disdrometers installed in Aksu, Xinjiang, where three hail events were observed via the hailstone disdrometer in the summer of 2023. By analyzing the development of deep convection clouds using the Fengyun 4A satellite-based cloud-top brightness temperature, and synoptic conditions based on the fifth-generation global climate reanalysis dataset produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (the ECMWF ERA5 dataset), the hail formation mechanism was investigated in detail for one hailfall event. Accurate hail observations are an important basis for understanding spatiotemporal hail variation. The hailstone disdrometer proposed in this study offers a useful approach for domestic hail observation to provide first-hand hail information for the inspection of weather modification effects and disaster prevention and reduction.
Does the XPA–FEN1 Interaction Concern to Nucleotide Excision Repair or Beyond?
Authors: Krasikova Yuliya S. , Maltseva Ekaterina A. , Khodyreva Svetlana N. , Evdokimov Alexey N. , Rechkunova Nadejda I. , Lavrik Olga I.
Published: July 2024

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the most universal repair pathway, which removes a wide range of DNA helix-distorting lesions caused by chemical or physical agents. The final steps of this repair process are gap-filling repair synthesis and subsequent ligation. XPA is the central NER scaffolding protein factor and can be involved in post-incision NER stages. Replication machinery is loaded after the first incision of the damaged strand that is performed by the XPF–ERCC1 nuclease forming a damaged 5′-flap processed by the XPG endonuclease. Flap endonuclease I (FEN1) is a critical component of replication machinery and is absolutely indispensable for the maturation of newly synthesized strands. FEN1 also contributes to the long-patch pathway of base excision repair. Here, we use a set of DNA substrates containing a fluorescently labeled 5′-flap and different size gap to analyze possible repair factor–replication factor interactions. Ternary XPA–FEN1–DNA complexes with each tested DNA are detected. Furthermore, we demonstrate XPA–FEN1 complex formation in the absence of DNA due to protein–protein interaction. Functional assays reveal that XPA moderately inhibits FEN1 catalytic activity. Using fluorescently labeled XPA, formation of ternary RPA–XPA–FEN1 complex, where XPA accommodates FEN1 and RPA contacts simultaneously, can be proposed. We discuss possible functional roles of the XPA–FEN1 interaction in NER related DNA resynthesis and/or other DNA metabolic processes where XPA can be involved in the complex with FEN1.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Newly Assembled Lightweight Radiant Floor Heating System
Authors: Zhang Baogang , Wang Yongjuan , Liu Ming , Zhang Zhongbing
Published: July 2024

In this study, the heating capacity of a new prefabricated assembled hot water radiant modular heating system made from a recycled waste building masonry structure is investigated through experimental and numerical simulation methods. The heating capacity of the system in different working conditions (a water supply temperature of 48 °C, 51 °C, 56 °C, and 61 °C; a flow rate of 0.49 m3/h, 0.35 m3/h, and 0.21 m3/h) is analyzed and verified. A three-dimensional steady-state heat transfer numerical model of the floor heat transfer of the module is established, and the accuracy of the model is verified through the measured results to investigate the heating capacity of this system under different water supply temperatures, flow rates and coil spacings. The results show that the new prefabricated hot water radiant module heating system has a 0.9 °C higher air temperature and 2.1 °C higher average floor surface temperature than the traditional wet floor radiant heating system under the same experimental conditions, and the response time is 44% shorter. The water supply temperature can significantly change the heating capacity of the system, while the water supply flow rate has little effect on the system. The established three-dimensional steady-state numerical model can be in good agreement with the measured results. This study can provide an experimental and theoretical basis for the design and application of such systems.
Investigation of the Temperature Distribution and Energy Consumption of an Integrated Carbon Fiber Paper-Embedded Electric-Heated Floor
Authors: Huang Chengjian , Li Neng , He Sheng , Weng Xiang , Shu Yi , Yang Guang , Bao Yongjie
Published: July 2024

This study examined spatial and temporal thermal performance and energy consumption. The temperature distribution in the running period was monitored in test rooms with integrated electric- and hot water-heated floors. The short- and long-term energy consumption of the two heating systems were recorded and compared. The results indicated that the integrated electric heating system generated higher temperatures for indoor air and on the exterior surface of the wooden floor than the hot water heating system; meanwhile, the difference in the mean temperatures of the exterior and rear surfaces of the electric-heated floor was 2.44 °C, while that of the hot water-heated test room was 13.25 °C. The efficient structure of the integrated electric heating system saved 22.97% energy compared to the hot water system after short-term (7 h) charging and reaching a dynamic balance, and it efficiently increased the energy utilization rate to 11.81%. After long-term charging, the daily energy consumption of the integrated electric heating system consumed much less energy than the hot water system every month. The integrated electric heating system saved 62.55% and 34.30% of energy in May and January, respectively, and consumed less than half of the energy the hot water system consumed in the less cold months. Therefore, a high-efficiency and energy-saving integrated electric-heated floor could be a potential indoor heating solution.