bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A tracer study of the danger posed to a chalk aquifer by contaminated highway run-off
Authors: Price M. , Atkinson T. C. , Barker J. A. , Wheeler D. , Monkhouse R. A.
Published: July 2019

Multiple tracer tests have been undertaken in the Chalk aquifer of Hertfordshire over distances in excess of 3 km. Both fluorescent and bacteriophage tracers were used. Unlike most previous tests, which have involved introducing tracer into features such as swallow holes and observing its discharge at springs, the present study involved inserting tracers at an arbitrary point in the aquifer and detecting them at wells (both pumped and static). Flow speeds of about 2 km/day were indicated, but recoveries were very low, suggesting highly dispersive flow within fissures but with much of the tracer either being adsorbed or travelling too slowly through the aquifer to be detected within the two-month period of each experiment. The field results were interpreted on the basis of a Monte Carlo simulation model of flow and dispersion in fissures, based on classical well hydraulics and both Fickian and non-Fickian dispersion. Travel times and dilution factors showed general agreement with the fissure-flow and matrix-diffusion aspects of the model, but field tracer recoveries were too low for detailed comparison. The tests were undertaken as part of a study to determine whether or not, and, if so, in what time, a substance accidentally entering soakaway drains at the M25/M1 interchange would reach any source of public water supply.
Modelling tidal flows in an island's wake using a two-equation turbulence model
Authors: Falconer R. A. , Guiyi Li
Published: July 2019

Details are presented of the application of the depth integrated k-ε turbulence model to predict tidal circulation in the lee of Rattray Island, Australia. Considerable emphasis has been focused on the finite difference representation of the k-ε equations, particularly in view of the serious numerical stability problems associated with the use of a standard second-order accurate central difference scheme. Several schemes have been tested, with the EXQUISITE scheme being found to give both numerically stable and accurate results. The tidal eddies predicted using the k-ε turbulence model were more structured and well-defined than those predicted using a simple mixing length model, with the velocity gradients at the perimeter of the eddy being larger for the k-ε model. Although the inclusion of the k-ε model did not significantly affect the depth mean velocity field, the eddy viscosity distribution across the domain was markedly different for the k-ε model in comparison with the mixing length model. The magnitude of the eddy viscosity was generally twice as large using the k-ε model, and the eddy viscosity gradients were much greater near to the Island tips - or separation points - and along the separation streamlines. This marked difference in the eddy viscosity structure could be particularly relevant in water quality modelling, where for neutrally buoyant solutes the turbulent diffusion coefficient is generally equated to the local eddy viscosity. The turbulent kinetic energy was shown to reduce considerably within the Island's wake, with the corresponding value remaining fairly constant in the main body of the free stream flow.
Factores asociados a la satisfacción vital en una muestra representativa de personas mayores de Argentina
Authors: Débora Acosta Laura
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Analizar los factores asociados a la satisfacción vital en adultos mayores de Argentina, en 2012. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron datos de la Encuesta Nacional sobre Calidad de Vida de Adultos Mayores ―ENCaViAM―. Se analizó la satisfacción vital y su asociación con las características sociodemográficas, condiciones de salud, redes y uso del tiempo libre, según sexo. Se realizó análisis multivariado a través de regresión logística. Resultados: Las variables relacionadas con una mayor satisfacción vital en hombres y mujeres fueron: mayor edad; menor nivel educativo; trabajar como voluntaria(o) en una organización de la comunidad; participar de viajes y/o paseos turísticos; reunirse con amigos y brindar ayuda a otras personas. Las variables relacionadas con una menor satisfacción vital fueron: no convivir en pareja; presentar deficiencia visual y/o auditiva; autopercepción de salud negativa; diagnóstico de depresión. Adicionalmente, en mujeres, se observó una mayor satisfacción vital si era jubilada o pensionada; y en hombres, realizar actividad física habitualmente; en mujeres se observó menor satisfacción vital si tenía dependencia y en hombres si tenía autopercepción negativa de memoria. Conclusiones: Estos resultados son de importancia para implementar o mejorar políticas tendientes a incidir en la calidad de vida subjetiva del adulto mayor en Argentina y ampliar el cuerpo de conocimientos en torno a los factores que afectan la satisfacción vital.
Photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation of cement based materials containing TiO2-xNy nanoparticles
Authors: Dorkis Ludovic I. , Cohen Juan David , Tobón Jorge I.
Published: July 2019

Self-cleaning activity of Portland cement pastes blended with nanoparticles of titanium oxynitride (TiO2−xNy) was studied. Samples with various amounts of TiO2−xNy (1% and 3%) were evaluated under irradiation of UV and visible light, and with two curing ages (65 hour and 28 days). Rhodamine B was the pigment used and its loss of color on the cement pastes was carried out using a Spectrometer UV/Vis measuring the coordinates CIE (Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage) L∗, a∗, b∗. Discoloration of Rhodamine B on the surface of the samples was established as the photocatalytic efficiency coefficient (ε). In addition, samples with TiO2 nanoparticles (1% and 3%) were studied under the same conditions and their performances were compared with TiO2-xNy. The presence of nitrogen in the tetragonal structure of TiO2 was evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry and Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen (CHN) analysis. The band gap for TiO2 and TiO2-xNy was determined by the transformed Kubelka-Munk function ( [F (R∞) hv]1/2). The results have shown a similar behavior for both additions under UV light irradiation, with 3% being the addition with the highest photocatalytic efficiency obtained in the early ages of curing time.  TiO2−xNy showed activity under irradiation with visible light, unlike TiO2, which could only be activated under UV light.  At the late curing ages, the samples with 3% of TiO2-xNy showed the highest efficiency under irradiation of UV and visible light.
From Bits to Bodies: Perfect Humans, Bioinformatic Visualizations, and Critical Relationality
Authors: Hamilton Jennifer A
Published: July 2019

In December 2014, computational biologist Lior Pachter posted the results of his “tongue in cheek” in silico genome experiment on his personal blog, where he declared his discovery that “the perfect human is Puerto Rican.” In this article, I analyze the “perfect human” experiment. I argue that despite the use of 21st-century, cutting-edge technology in computing and genomics, Pachter’s experiment and his use of visualization can be usefully juxtaposed with earlier modes of visualizing heredity, namely the development of composite portraiture in the late-19th century and late-20th century technologies of “morphing.” I temper the celebration of Pachter’s creation of a “mixed race” perfect human in silico with a challenge to its ostensibly progressive stance. I instead suggest that it must be understood in the broader context of eugenic hauntings and contemporary tensions around questions of sex, sexuality, race, nation, and indigeneity. I argue that the scientific, specifically genomic, stories that we tell, can be productively read in light of critiques of biogenetic kinship and the naturalization of heterosexual love. I conclude by arguing that the perfect human experiment makes a particular kind of argument about what it means to be human and perfect and what constitutes legitimate and cognizable modes of relationality.
Tinseltown Tyee: Nipo Strongheart and the Making of Braveheart
Authors: Fisher Andrew H.
Published: July 2019

Nipo Strongheart's role in the DeMille production of Braveheart enables us to see the Native American performers of his generation as actors, in multiple senses of the word, not as mere objects of the cinematic gaze. Like other “contact zones” where Indigenous intellectuals and performers engage with non-Indigenous audiences and expectations, Native agency was exercised in the movie industry as well. This article demonstrates that even as they forged careers and identities in studio Hollywood, professionals such as Strongheart would negotiate the terms of Native representation and attempt to disrupt the dominant discourse.
Generation of daily high-spatial resolution snow depth maps from in-situ measurement and time-lapse photographs
Authors: Revuelto J. , Alonso-González E. , López-Moreno J.I.
Published: July 2019

Acquiring information on snow depth distribution at high spatial and temporal resolution in mountain areas is time consuming and generally these acquisitions are subjected to meteorological constrains. This work presents a simple approach to assess snow depth distribution from automatically observed snow variables and a pre-existing database of snow depth maps. By combining daily observations of in-situ snow depth, georectified time-lapse photography (snow presence or absence) and information on snowpack distribution during annual snow peaks determined with a Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS), a method was developed to simulate snow depth distribution on day-by-day basis. This method was tested is Izas Experimental Catchment, in the Central Spanish Pyrenees, a site with a large database of TLS observations, time-lapse images and nivo-meteorological variables for six snow seasons (from 2011 to 2017). The contrasted snow climatic characteristics among the snow seasons allowed analysis of the transferability of snowpack distribution patterns observed during particular seasons to periods without spatialized snow depth observations, by TLS or other procedures. The method i) determines snow depth ratio among the observed maximum snow depths and all other snow map pixels at the TLS yearly snow peak accumulation, ii ) rescales these ratios on a daily basis with time-lapse images information and iii) calculates the snow depth distribution with; the rescaled ratios and the snow depth observed at the automatic weather station. The average of the six TLS observed peaks was the combination showing optimal overall applicability. Despite its simplicity, these simulated values showed encouraging results when compared with snow depth distribution observed on particular dates. This was due primarily to the strong topographic control of small scale snow depth distribution on heterogeneous mountain areas, which has high inter- and intra-annual consistencies.
Educating teachers towards global citizenship: A comparative study in four European countries
Authors: Tarozzi Massimiliano , Mallon Benjamin
Published: July 2019

This article, derived from a larger EU-funded empirical research project, draws on a comparative analysis of pioneering global citizenship education (GCE) in-service primary teacher education programmes, as theorized and practised in four European countries, to explore how higher education
institutions (HEIs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and participating teachers shape the development of content-based, competence-based and values-based approaches to teacher education. With reference to the multiple-site case study in Ireland, Austria, the Czech Republic and Italy,
this article argues that, through investment, structural and institutional support and professional teacher education expertise, HEIs are, alongside NGOs and in-service teachers, pivotal actors in the collaborative development of GCE teacher education. The article concludes that successful
collaborations can foster teacher agency through transformative, values-based approaches to GCE teacher education.
Supporting teacher professionalism through tailored professional learning
Authors: Nolan Andrea , Molla Tebeje
Published: July 2019

The issue of continuing professional learning for educators in the early childhood education and care sector is in the spotlight in Australia due to the government's reform agenda, which seeks to professionalize the workforce. In an effort to ensure quality programmes are on offer for
all children, educators are expected to upskill. The assumption is that quality learning opportunities for children are aligned with a more skilled and capable workforce. This is problematic due to the diversity of the early childhood education and care workforce and its ability to convert
professionalization opportunities into achievements. The focus of this article is a study that problematized the alignment of professional attributes valued in the policy space and in the field of practice to understand educator agency, a key element of professional capability. Once this alignment
is known, professional learning experiences can be tailored to better support the professionalization of these educators.
Vocational teachers’ personality, career calling and the aspects of teaching quality
Authors: Kovalcikiene Kristina , Daukilas Sigitas
Published: July 2019

Nowadays , the decline in the prestige of the vocational teacher profession is a great challenge and requires a thorough exa mination of teachers' personality and its relationship with teaching quality. The aim of the research is to analyse the relationship between vocational teachers'  personality traits, career calling and the aspects of tea ching quality. Three hundred and forty-six vocational teachers from Lithuania participated in the research. The results revealed that only slightly more than one-third of vocational teachers'  has chosen the tea ching profession as calling. The high level of extra version ( p < 0.01), openness to experience (p < 0.01) and low level of neuroticism (p < 0.01) are related to professional calling of vocational teachers. Also, the various aspects of teaching quality are closely related to teachers' personality traits. Thus, the research findings might serve as the basis for providing a more comprehensi ve view of the ps ychologi cal fa ctors of the vocational teachers' profession.
 
Keywords : Vocational teacher, personality traits, career calling, teaching quality.
Applying best European practices of engaging employers in training future professionals in Russian higher educational institutions
Authors: Pogonyshev Denis , Storchak Tatiana , Nemchinova Nadezhda , Pogonysheva Irina
Published: July 2019

Currently, cooperation between business community and higher education institutions is a priority trend of the Russian higher education system. We consider the European practices of cooperation between universities and potential employers which is being implemented in the Russian HEIs within the project 'Evaluation of Quality of Cooperation in Education Ecosystem as a Mechanism for Building Professional Competencies - E3M' approved for funding within the European Commission Tempus IV in 2013. The paper dwells upon the state of cooperation between Nizhnevartovsk State University and local business community, considering new market conditions, and offers solutions to the challenges of productive cooperation with potential employers with the view of the best practices implemented by European partner universities and project consortium members.
Keywords: cooperation, quality of education, employers, university
The confirmatory factor analysis of teacher’s research motivation scale
Authors: Prasertsin Ujsara
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the research is to develop the measurement of motivation scale of in class action research conducted byschool teachers. The sampling includes 403 teachers, subordinated to the Office of The Basic Education Commission. Datacollection was conducted through questionnaires of 20 questions, which were designed into five levels following to themotivation scale in research measurement. This questionnaire consists of three latent variables with nine questions ofintrinsic motivation, six questions of failure avoidance and five questions of extrinsic motivation. The purpose ofconfirmatory factor analysis is to test the construct validity of research latent variables that found the harmony correlation ofempirical data contained in this research model. Moreover, the correlation matrix of 20 observed variables shows the correlation among latent variables of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation with the significant level of statistic correlation at 0.05. The highest value of correlation scored 0.696 is founded on observed variables of the intrinsic motivationlatent variable. Keywords: Confirmatory factor analysis, teacher, research motivation
Filantropi Islam dan Aktivitas Sosial Berbasis Masjid di Masjid Al-Hidayah Purwosari Yogyakarta
Authors: Irham Muhammad
Published: July 2019

This study explained how Mosque as the community of Muslim are ableto finance social activities and conduct the program of communityempowerment through the practice of Islamic philanthropy. By taking acase in a village in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, at where getting aMosque that had been oriented toward religious and social activities ofthe community, namely the Mosque of Al-Hidayah Purwosari SinduadiVillage, Mlati District, which established since 1972 and has survived tothe present. This research aimed to see how the Mosque's involvement inphilanthropic activities led at the program of local communityempowerment. This research is important in doing because of themosque's ability to collect and manage the fund of philanthropic forsocial activities. The data of this study were obtained through step nystep doing interview, observation, documentation and religiousliterature relevant to this study. The result of this study indicated thatthe fund of philanthropic came from zakat, infaq, alms and endowmentsthat have been collected are distributed in the program of communityempowerment which covered four main fields namely da'wah,education, social and economy. Finally, this study concluded that Mosqueof al-Hidayah Purwosari was not only oriented toward worship, but alsoled to the programs of sustainable community empowerment throughthe practice of Islamic philanthropy.
KOMPOSISI JENIS BIOFOULING PADA TIRAM MUTIARA (PINCTADA MAXIMA) DI LAHAN BUDIDAYA PT. AUTORE PEARL CULTURE LOMBOK
Authors: Jefri Edwin , Yasir Inayah , Syafiuddin Syafiuddin
Published: July 2019

Cultivation of pearl oyster Pinctada maxima types are increasingly in demand in Indonesia. This oyster living and concentrated on waters that have coral reefs and sandy rubble. Oyster cultivation is very promising given pearls produced have a high economic value. Eventhough, pearl oyster farming efforts not always performing well because there is a possibility of oysters will get the disease and even death. One reason is their biofouling attached to the basket or on the oyster shell is maintained. The existence and amount of biofouling usually varies depending on the time and conditions of the waters where the cultivation have been. This study aims to determine the types of biofouling were found at three different sites located on land cultivation PT. Pearl Culture Autrore Lombok. Study sample is limited to biofouling found on new and used baskets and pearl oyster shells P. maxima. The main parameters measured were the species composition and abundance, while the supporters of the parameters measured were temperature, salinity, current speed, the brightness of the waters and TSS (Total Suspended Solid). The results found 36 types of biofouling, including 21 types of animal groups with six phyla (arthropods, bryozoans, annelids, cnidarians, sponges and molluscs), and 15 species of the plant with two divisio (Spermatophyta and Thallophyta). In addition, it was found that water conditions have an influence on the biomass and the number of types of biofouling and the distance between substations in each station does not have a significant influence on biomass and the number of types of biofouling.Keywords: Biofouling, Pearl Oyster (Pinctada maxima ), PT. Autore Pearl Culture Lombok
POTENSI ASAP CAIR TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGGANTI HIDROGEN PEROKSIDA (H 2 O ) DALAMPENGAWETAN IKAN TONGKOL (Euthynnus affinis) 2
Authors: Parnanto Nur Her Riyadi , Utami Rohula
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan karakteristik fisik (tekstur), kimia (kadar air, pH, TVB, fenol), dan organoleptik (tekstur, warna, aroma, keseluruhan) ikan tongkol dengan menggunakan pengawet asap cair dan H2O
serta untuk mengetahui konsentrasi asap cair (25%, 30%, 35%) yang pengaruhnya mendekati konsentrasi H2O2 (3%, 5%, 7%). pengamatan dilakukan selama 4 hari yaitu pada hari ke-0,1,2,3. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). 2 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada karakteristik ikan tongkol perlakuan asap cair dan H secara fisik (kekerasan dan kekenyalan) tidak berbeda nyata, karakteristik kimia ikan tongkol perlakuan asap cair yaitu kadar air (71-77%), pH (5-6), TVB (48-480 mg/100g) dan fenol (250-530 mg/100g), sedangkan pada ikan tongkol perlakuan H2O kadar air (72-78%), pH (6-7) dan TVB (114-755 mg/100g). Kadar fenol ikan tongkol berkisar antara 251.283 mg/100g sampai 526.912 mg/100g. Pada karakteristik organoleptik (tekstur, aroma dan keseluruhan) ikan tongkol dengan perlakuan asap cair lebih disukai daripada perlakuan H2 , sedangkan pada parameter warna ikan tongkol dengan perlakuan H2O lebih disukai daripada perlakuan asap cair. Konsentrasi
asap cair 25% mampu menyamai konsentrasi H 3%.
Kata kunci: asap cair, hidrogen peroksida, ikan tongkol
BAKSO IKAN TONGKOL (Euthynnus affinis) DENGAN FILLER TEPUNG GEMBILI SEBAGAI FORTIFIKAN INULIN
Authors: Aziza Thira , Affandi Dian Rachmawanti , Manuhara Godras Jati
Published: July 2019

Kelangkaan daging sapi untuk produksi bakso sebagai salah satu makanan popoluer di Indoneisa mendorong penelitian untuk menghasilkan bakso berbahan dasar ikan tongkol.  Untuk menambah komponen inulin pada bakso, bahan pengisi tapioka divariasikan dengan tepung gembili. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi tapioka dan tepung gembili terhadap karakteristik sensori, kimia, dan fungsional bakso ikan tongkol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warna dan aroma bakso ikan tongkol tidak terpengaruh , sedangkan rasa, tekstur, dan penerimaan panelis secara keseluruhan terpengaruh oleh formula. Panelis lebih menyukai bakso dari  tapioka 75% dan  tepung gembili 25%. Penambahan tepung gembili mampu meningkatkan kadar abu, dan menurunkan kadar lemak namun kadar air, protein, dan karbohidrat bakso ikan tongkol tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata. Kadar serat pangan dan inulin semakin meningkat ketika jumlah tepung gembili ditingkatkan. 
KAJIAN KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA DAN SENSORIS FRUIT LEATHER BEBERAPA VARIETAS PISANG (Musa spp.) DENGAN VARIASI PENAMBAHAN RUMPUT LAUT (Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Authors: Ni'mah Ana Mufidatun , Amanto Bambang Sigit , Widowati Esti
Published: July 2019

Dalam penelitian ini dibuat fruit leather beberapa varietas pisang (pisang kapas, pisang kepok kuning,
dan pisang nangka) dengan variasi penambahan rumput laut (0%; 7,5%; dan 15%) dengan tujuan untuk
mengetahui karakteristik kimia (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar gula reduksi, dan kadar serat pangan) dan
karakteristik sensoris, serta untuk mendapatkan fruit leather terbaik pada masing-masing varietas pisang yang
digunakan. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu
konsentrasi rumput laut. Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan dua kali ulangan sampel dan tiga kali ulangan
analisis. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan metode one way ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan DMRT apabila
matan diketahui bahwa dengan
semakin tinggi konsentrasi rumput laut yang ditambahkan mengakibatkan terjadinya peningkatan kadar abu,
kadar gula reduksi, dan kadar serat pangan pada fruit leather pisang kapas, fruit leather pisang kepok kuning,
dan fruit leather pisang nangka, namun terjadi penurunan pada kadar air fruit leather semua varietas pisang.
Fruit leather semua varietas pisang dari segi sensoris diterima oleh panelis dan rata-rata penambahan rumput
laut tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap karakteristik sensoris. Fruit leather yang terbaik pada masing-masing
varietas pisang yaitu fruit leather dengan penambahan 15% rumput laut.
Transcriptomic and evolutionary analysis of the mechanisms by which P. argentatum, a rubber producing perennial, responds to drought
Authors: Nelson Andrew D. L. , Ponciano Griesel , McMahan Colleen , Ilut Daniel C. , Pugh N. Ace , Elshikha Diaa Eldin , Hunsaker Douglas J. , Pauli Duke
Published: July 2019

Background

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a drought tolerant, rubber producing perennial shrub native to northern Mexico and the US Southwest. Hevea brasiliensis, currently the world’s only source of natural rubber, is grown as a monoculture, leaving it vulnerable to both biotic and abiotic stressors. Isolation of rubber from guayule occurs by mechanical harvesting of the entire plant. It has been reported that environmental conditions leading up to harvest have a profound impact on rubber yield. The link between rubber biosynthesis and drought, a common environmental condition in guayule’s native habitat, is currently unclear.

Results

We took a transcriptomic and comparative genomic approach to determine how drought impacts rubber biosynthesis in guayule. We compared transcriptional profiles of stem tissue, the location of guayule rubber biosynthesis, collected from field-grown plants subjected to water-deficit (drought) and well-watered (control) conditions. Plants subjected to the imposed drought conditions displayed an increase in production of transcripts associated with defense responses and water homeostasis, and a decrease in transcripts associated with rubber biosynthesis. An evolutionary and comparative analysis of stress-response transcripts suggests that more anciently duplicated transcripts shared among the Asteraceae, rather than recently derived duplicates, are contributing to the drought response observed in guayule. In addition, we identified several deeply conserved long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) containing microRNA binding motifs. One lncRNA in particular, with origins at the base of Asteraceae, may be regulating the vegetative to reproductive transition observed in water-stressed guayule by acting as a miRNA sponge for miR166.

Conclusions

These data represent the first genomic analyses of how guayule responds to drought like conditions in agricultural production settings. We identified an inverse relationship between stress-responsive transcripts and those associated with precursor pathways to rubber biosynthesis suggesting a physiological trade-off between maintaining homeostasis and plant productivity. We also identify a number of regulators of abiotic responses, including transcription factors and lncRNAs, that are strong candidates for future projects aimed at modulating rubber biosynthesis under water-limiting conditions common to guayules’ native production environment.
Is the COL5A1 rs12722 polymorphism associated with muscle stiffness and sports-related muscle injury?
Authors: Miyamoto-Mikami Eri , Miyamoto Naokazu , Kumagai Hiroshi , Hirata Kosuke , Kikuchi Naoki , Zempo Hirofumi , Kimura Noriko , Kamiya Nobuhiro , Kanehisa Hiroaki , Naito Hisashi , Fuku Noriyuki
Published: July 2019

Background

Poor joint flexibility has been repeatedly proposed as a risk factor for muscle injury. The C-to-T polymorphism (rs12722) in the 3′-untranslated region of the collagen type V α1 chain gene (COL5A1) is reportedly associated with joint flexibility. Joint flexibility is largely determined by muscle stiffness, which is influenced by intramuscular collagenous connective tissues including type V collagen. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that the COL5A1 rs12722 polymorphism influences joint flexibility via muscle stiffness, and is accordingly associated with the incidence of muscle injury.

Methods

In Study 1, we examined whether the rs12722 polymorphism is associated with joint flexibility and muscle stiffness in 363 healthy young adults. Joint flexibility was evaluated by passive straight-leg-raise and sit-and-reach tests, and muscle stiffness was measured using ultrasound shear wave elastography. In Study 2, the association of the rs12722 polymorphism with sports-related muscle injury was assessed in 1559 Japanese athletes. Muscle injury history and severity were assessed by a questionnaire. In both Study 1 and Study 2, the rs12722 C-to-T polymorphism in the COL5A1 was determined using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay.

Results

Study 1 revealed that the rs12722 polymorphism had no significant effect on range of motion in passive straight-leg-raise and sit-and-reach tests. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in muscle stiffness of the hamstring among the rs12722 genotypes. In Study 2, rs12722 genotype frequencies did not differ between the muscle injury and no muscle injury groups. Moreover, no association was observed between rs12722 polymorphism and severity of muscle injury.

Conclusions

The present study does not support the view that COL5A1 rs12722 polymorphism has a role as a risk factor for sports-related muscle injury, or that it is a determinant for muscle stiffness.
Cost-Effectiveness of Pain Management Services for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review of Published Studies
Authors: Almazrou Saja , Elliott Rachel A , Knaggs Roger D , AlAujan Shiekha S
Published: July 2019

Background

To summarize and critically appraise the current evidence for the cost effectiveness of pain management services for managing chronic back pain.

Methods

Electronic searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO from their inception to February 2019. Full economic evaluations undertaken from any perspective conducted alongside randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or based on decision analysis models were included. Cochrane Back Review Group (CBRG) risk assessment and the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist were used to assess the methodological quality of eligible studies.

Results

Five studies fulfilled eligibility criteria. The interventions varied significantly between studies in terms of the number and types? of treatment modalities, intensity and the duration of the program. Interventions were compared with either standard care, which varied according to the country and the setting; or to surgical interventions. Three studies showed that pain management services are cost effective, while two studies showed that these services are not cost effective.

In this review, three out of five studies had a high risk of bias based on the design of the randomised controlled trials (RCTs). In addition, there were limitations in the statistical and sensitivity analyses in the economic evaluations. Therefore, the results from these studies need to be interpreted with caution.

Conclusion

Pain management services may be cost effective for the management of low back pain. However, this systematic review highlights the variability of evidence supporting pain management services for patients with back pain. This is due to the variability of the interventions, comparators and outcomes.
Identification of two novel susceptibility variants on chromosome 5p15.33 for non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese population
Authors: Ji Zhi , Li Ying , Xiang Cheng , Luo Xia , Yuan Peihong , Long Jieyi , Shen Na , Shen Ying , Deng Lingyan , Li Jiaoyuan , Cheng Liming
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background：Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 5p15.33 as a susceptibility locus for lung cancer. However, for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), low-frequency risk variants in this region have not been systematically identified and studied. We have screened low-frequency variants on chromosome 5p15.33 in Chinese NSCLC patients by targeted sequencing before.
Methods：In this study, we selected candidate variants from low-frequency variants by comparing the genotype frequency of 400 NSCLC patients with 1,008 East Asians from The genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The associations between candidate variants and NSCLC were then discovered and replicated in two case-control sets: stage I with 960 cases and 916 controls, and stage II with 1,596 cases and 1,614 controls in total.
Results：Among the 5 candidates, 2 polymorphisms were significantly associated with risk of NSCLC, including rs33963617 (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.53-0.76, P = 3.80 × 10-7) in TERT and rs77518573 (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.63-0.84, P = 2.00 × 10-5) in CLPTM1L. When stratified by histologic subtype, a significant association was only investigated in adenocarcinoma for rs77518573. We also observed an obvious cumulative effect of the two significant variants.
Conclusions: We newly identified two NSCLC related variants on chromosome 5p15.33. Both TERT-rs33963617 and CLPTM1L-rs77518573 conferred reduced risk for NSCLC in Chinese population. Our study gives new insight into the power of low-frequency variants in explaining cancer heritability and expands our understanding about the essential role of TERT-CLPTM1L region in lung cancer development.
Keywords:
non-small cell lung cancer, 5p15.33, low frequency, genetic variant, susceptibility
The efficacy and safety of 'Antianxiety Granule' for anxiety disorder: A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial
Authors: Sha Zhongwei , Hou Yiping , Xue Chunchun , Li Ou , Li Zhimin , Wang Huiru , Zhang Wenjing , Xu Jian
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent class of lifetime disorders in China, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common but frequently overlooked anxiety disorders. Conventional pharmacological treatments for GAD have varying degrees of side effects, dependency, and/or withdrawal syndromes. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) therapy is considered a valuable therapeutic option for anxiety disorders and a potentially effective technique to reduce the side effects associated with antipsychotic drugs. This trial aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Antianxiety Granule, a granular Chinese medicine compound, for GAD.
Methods/Design: The current work is a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial with a 6-week treatment schedule. The study consists of three periods: a 1- to 7-day screening period, a 6-week primary treatment period, and a 1-week follow-up period. Follow-up assessments will be conducted one week after the last visit with a face-to-face interview or by telephone. The clinical efficacy of Antianxiety Granule for the treatment of GAD will be evaluated by examining the change in the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score, state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) score, and TCM symptom scale in GAD patients who receive the daily TCM treatment. Moreover, an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis will also be used in this randomized controlled trial (RCT).
Discussion: Our study is a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Antianxiety Granule for the treatment of GAD. The results of this trial will provide valuable clinical evidence for the treatment of GAD.
Trial registration: The trial was registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=27210) under the registration number ChiCTR1800016039 on 8 May 2018. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2017SHL-KY-14).
Keywords: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), RCT, Efficacy, Safety
Evaluation the effects of Pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) supplementation on the inflammatory biomarkers, nutritional and clinical status in traumatic brain injury patients, in Intensive Care Unit; A Randomized Clinical Trial protocol
Authors: Malekahmadi Mahsa , Moghaddam Omid Moradi , Nematy Mohsen , Firouzi Safieh , Norouzy Abdolreza
Published: July 2019

Background

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major health and socioeconomic problems in the world. Immune-enhancing enteral formula has been proven to significantly reduce infection rate in TBI patient. One of the ingredients that can be used in immunonutrition formulas to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress is pycnogenol.

Objective

surveying the effect of pycnogenol on the clinical, nutritional and inflammatory status of TBI patients.

Methods

This is double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Block randomization are used. Intervention group will receive pycnogenol supplement 150 mg for 10 days. Control group will receive placebo for the same duration. Inflammatory status (IL-6, IL- 1β, C-reactive protein, IL-10) and oxidative stress status (Malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity), at the base line, at the 5th day and at the end of the study (10th day) are measured. Clinical and nutritional status will be assessed three times during the intervention. SOFA (sequential organ failure assessment) questionnaire for assessment of organ failure filled out every other day. The mortality rate will be asked within 28 days of the start of the intervention. Weight, body mass index and body composition are measured. All analyses will be conducted by initially assigned study arm in an intention-to-treat analysis.

Discussion

we will expect supplementation of 150 mg pycnogenol improves clinical and nutritional status of the TBI patients and reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in the 10 days of intervention.
The effect of iron supplementation on birth outcome in mothers with high hemoglobin: a randomized double-blind clinical trial study
Authors: Alizadeh Leila , Salehi Leili , Osalou Mostafa Ashrafi
Published: July 2019

Background: Although Iron supplementation is a chief component of prenatal care to prevent anemia in pregnant women, Extreme maternal iron status may adversely affect pregnancy outcome. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of iron supplementation on birth outcomes among pregnant women with high hemoglobin.
Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial,189 women who had a hemoglobin concentration more than 13.2 g/dl and a serum Ferritin level higher than 15 μg/l between the 16th and 20th weeks of pregnancy took either one 50 mg tablet of ferrous sulfate daily or placebo during their pregnancies. The data obtained from 13 pregnant women were not used in final analysis for different reasons. After birth, the birth weight, head circumference and birth height in each group were measured and compared, and also two groups compared due to risk of neonatal jaundice.
Results: The mean of maternal age and pre- pregnancy BMI was 26.11±5.13, 23.9±2.32, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with respect to birth weight and height, but the difference in head circumference was significant (P=0.003). Also, the risk of neonatal jaundice in intervention group was more than that in control (P=0.005).
Conclusion: Iron supplementation in mothers with high hemoglobin did not increase the risk of maternal anemia or low birth weight, but the supplementation increased the risk of jaundice in newborns. It was an interesting finding that the birth head circumference was larger in the non-supplement group than that in the intervention group.
Key words: Pregnancy, ferrous sulfate, Birth Weight, Head Circumference, Neonatal jaundice.
Clinical trial registration: IRCT2013020612383N1, Registered 27.06.2014
A mutation in the filamin c gene causes myofibrillar myopathy with lower motor neuron syndrome: a case report
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Wu Jun , Han ChunXi , Li Yao , Guo Yuzu , Tong Xiaoxin
Published: July 2019

Background: Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of muscle disorders. Mutations in the filamin C gene (FLNC) have previously been identified in patients with MFM. The phenotypes of FLNC-related MFM are heterogeneous. Case presentation: The patient was a 37-year-old male who first experienced weakness in the distal muscles of his hand, which eventually spread to the lower limbs and proximal muscles. Serum creatine kinase levels were moderately elevated. Obvious neuropathic changes in the electromyographic exam and edema changes in lower distal limb magnetic resonance imaging were observed. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of abnormal protein aggregates and angular atrophy in some muscle fibers. Ultrastructural analysis showed inordinate myofibrillar structures and dissolved myofilaments. DNA sequencing analysis detected a heterozygous missense mutation (c.7123G>A, p.V2375I) in the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain 21 of FLNC. Conclusions: FLNC mutation c.7123G>A, p.V2375I in the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain 21 can be associated with distal myopathy with typical MFM features and lower motor neuron syndrome. Although electromyographic examination of our patient showed obvious neuropathic changes, MFM could not be excluded. Therefore, genetic testing is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis.
El consumo de alcohol y drogas en universitarios: una ilusión efímera
Authors: Castañeda Gómez Gloria Esperanza
Published: July 2019

Para nadie es un secreto que los estudiantes universitarios son un sector de la población que consume alcohol y drogas, consumo que en la mayoría de los casos se ha iniciado ya en el colegio y en la familia. El consumo de alcohol y drogas es un fenómeno que llega a las universidades y encuentra en ellas un nicho donde se asienta y desarrolla, dado que la universidad como institución social, suele ser concebida como un espacio donde convergen la diversidad, la libertad, la controversia, el ideal, la autonomía, la oposición, las juventudes, las transiciones; esta concepción favorece y propicia el consumo. La ilusión efímera de la felicidad, la gratificación total, la desconexión, deshacernos de todo asomo de angustia o tensión, son expresiones de los consumidores de alcohol y drogas respecto a lo que encuentran, al menos en un primer momento, con la ingesta de éstas. Es sabido que la sensación inicial de placer experimentado con las drogas y el alcohol es lo que se desea repetir, se busca de nuevo; y es precisamente en este anhelo donde se anuda el consumo con el imperativo de la época: gozar.
Sobre el retorno a lo simple: una oportunidad para re-pensar la Escuela
Authors: Agudelo Torres José Federico
Published: July 2019

En tiempos de la más revolucionaria volatilidad, del más fervoroso deseo de cambiar y del omnipresente anhelo por consumir, disfrutar y desechar, la pretensión de retornar a lo simple, a lo espontáneo y a lo sencillo; le confiere al hombre contemporáneo un maravilloso poder. A saber, la capacidad de pensar lentamente, la posibilidad de maravillarse con el ser de la cotidianidad y la oportunidad de disfrutar de aquello que existe durante un tiempo mayor a dos segundos
Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in the outpatient setting: learning to fail forward to success
Authors: Spichak T. V.
Published: July 2019

Due to increase in S. pneumonia resistance to penicillin, macrolides and oral cephalosporin, the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children has to be revised. The article presents current (Eurasian and WHO) recommendations on the choice of rational antibiotic therapy for pneumonia in the outpatient setting. The common mistakes in choosing an initial antibacterial drug, replacing an antibiotic, if it is ineffective, and prescribing inadequate dosage are shown by two clinical examples from real outpatient practice. Due to mistakes in the treatment, pneumonia may take a more protracted course and complicate the clinical situation, forcing the physicians to resort to additional tests.
Role of combined mucolytic therapy in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system in children
Authors: Mizernitsky Yu. L. , Melnikova I. M.
Published: July 2019

The use of combined medicines simultaneously influencing various pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammation and coughing becomes an essential direction of mucoactive therapy in childhood. One of these is thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate, which has both mucolytic and antibacterial effects, which significantly expands the possibilities of therapy in bacterial etiology of acute and exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases, increases the effectiveness of therapeutic measures, improves compliance.
Application of TEM sounding method on riverbank filtration site subsurface suitability
Authors: Abdul Razak Mohd Firdaus , Md Said Md Azlin , Abustan Ismail , Mohamad Mohd Hanis
Published: July 2019

Transient electromagnetic (TEM) sounding technology is known for its capability in detecting resistive zones, especially those associated with fresh water. Nevertheless, to date, there have been no available studies that have employed TEM for riverbank filtration (RBF) application. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the capability of TEM technology in profiling the subsurface of RBF areas adjacent to Sungai Perak, Kota Lama Kiri, Kuala Kangsar. A total of 27 survey points of simple rectangular loop configuration with loop area of 100 m2 (10 m × 10 m) were executed in the study area. A suite of TerraTEM equipment was used for the data acquisition process. The inversion and interpretation processes were then conducted by using the modeling program of ‘TDEM Geomodel’ and Surfer 13. The results showed four 2-D resistivity cross-section (depth–distance) profiles with their corresponding geological units. The interpretation results indicated that the subsurfaces of the study area were identified as alluvial-type soils (with a range of 10 to 40 Ωm) up to 8 m due to the presence of silt, sand and gravel. Based on the good quality results produced as well as its convenience, it is recommended that the TEM method is used for RBF exploration in future work.