bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D deficiency is frequent and selenium deficiency is rare in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients
Authors: Zemlin Cosima , Altmayer Laura , Stuhlert Caroline , Schleicher Julia Theresa , Wörmann Carolin , Lang Marina , Scherer Laura-Sophie , Thul Ida Clara , Spenner Lisanne Sophie , Simon Jana Alisa , Wind Alina , Kaiser Elisabeth , Stutz Regine , Goedicke-Fritz Sybelle , Wagenpfeil Gudrun , Zemlin Michael , Solomayer Erich-Franz , Müller Carolin
Published: July 2022

Purpose:In recent years, controversial discussions increased whether vitamin D and selenium have an influence on cancer. In the present study, we examined serum vitamin D and selenium levels in breast cancer patients and potential influencing factors. Methods:110 non-metastatic breast cancer patients were included in the prospective observational “BEGYN” study at Saarland University Medical Center between September 2019 and January 2021. Clinicopathological characteristics were documented. At the baseline visit prior to therapy initiation serum vitamin D and selenium levels were measured and patients received a questionnaire on sun exposure, nutrition, and supplement use.Results:Median vitamin D value was 24 µg/l, and median selenium level was 81 µg/l. Vitamin D levels were higher among the 17 patients that reported the use of vitamin D substitution (43 µg/l versus 22 µg/l; p<0.001). In the univariate analysis, vitamin D levels were higher in summer compared to spring (p=0.004), autumn (p=0.028) and winter (p<0.001). Patients with triple negative carcinomas had a higher vitamin D level (+8,9 µg/l compared to other sub entities, p=0.035). The consumption of cream, gouda, and butter was associated with slightly lower vitamin D levels (regression coefficient: -0.36; p=0.004). Vitamin D and selenium levels are comparable to the healthy German population.Conclusion:Almost 2/3 of all breast cancer patients suffer from vitamin D deficiency at diagnosis, whereas selenium levels were in normal range in 96.2 % of the patients. Vitamin D should be measured routinely, to prevent side effects of vitamin D deficiency.
Cloning, functional characterization and evaluating potential in metabolic engineering for lavender (+)-bornyl diphosphate synthase
Authors: Adal Ayelign M. , Najafianashrafi Elaheh , Sarker Lukman S. , Mahmoud Soheil S
Published: July 2022

The monoterpene (+)-borneol contributes scent and medicinal properties to some plants. It also is the immediate precursor to camphor, another important determinant of aroma and medicinal properties in many plants. (+)-borneol is generated through the dephosphorylation of bornyl diphosphate (BPP), which is itself derived from geranyl diphosphate (GPP) by the enzyme (+)-bornyl diphosphate synthase ((+)-BPPS). In this study we isolated and functionally characterized a novel (+)-BPPS cDNA from Lavandula x intermedia. The cDNA excluding its transit peptide was expressed in E. coli, and the corresponding recombinant protein was purified with Ni–NTA agarose affinity chromatography. The recombinant (+)-LiBPPS catalyzed conversion of GPP to BPP as the major product, and a few minor products. We also investigated the in planta role of (+)-LiBPPS in terpenoid metabolism through its overexpression in sense and antisense orientations in stably transformed Lavandula latifolia plants. The overexpression of (+)-LiBPPS in antisense resulted in reduced production of (+)-borneol and camphor without compromising plant growth and development. As anticipated, the overexpression of the gene led to enhanced production of borneol and camphor, although growth and development were severely impaired in most transgenic lines strongly and ectopically expressing the (+)-LiBPPS transgene in sense. Our results demonstrate that LiBPPS would be useful in studies aimed at the production of recombinant borneol and camphor in vitro, and in metabolic engineering efforts aimed at lowering borneol and camphor production in plants. However, overexpression in sense may require a targeted expression of the gene in glandular trichomes using a trichome-specific promoter.
Effect of poplar (Populus nigra) spring and autumn leaves extract on pepper (Capsicum annuum) infected with pepper mild mottle virus under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Gharib Hesham Abd El Salam , Mandour Aiman Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Capsicum annuum is one of the main vegetable crops for the local market and exportation in Egypt. In this concern, pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) infection caused a significant decrease in Capsicum sp. yield, leading to large economic losses. An isolate of PMMoV was got from naturally infected pepper plants, exhibiting different patterns of mottling, leaf distortion, yellowing, and stunting of leaves. The virus was identified. The molecular detection of PMMoV was done using RT-PCR with specific primers designed for coat protein genes. An RT-PCR product (~ 474) bp of the coat protein gene of (PMMoV) was cloned. The target of the investigation was the effect of spring and autumn ethanol extracts of Populus nigra leaves on C. annuum seedling growth and infected C. annuum with (PMMoV) under greenhouse conditions. The experimental data showed that treated spring leaf extract of P. nigra enhanced infected C. annuum seedling growth parameters and fruit quality compared to uninfected seedlings. P. nigra spring leaf extract containing some allo-chemicals had a negative effect on uninfected seedlings. P. nigra autumn leaf extract significantly improved the growth and fruit quality of infected C. annuum seedlings compared to the control.
Interpretation of Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics with the Application of Geospatial Techniques in Sarbari Khad Watershed of Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: KUMAR SUNIL , Singh Vartika , Saroha Jitender
Published: July 2022

Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) changes represent anthropogenic transformation of natural landscape. These changes are an important tool in developing strategies for the management of natural resources as well as monitoring environmental changes. LULC mapping and monitoring is required to understand the causes and consequences of over exploitation of natural resources such as soil, forest and water. By assessing the uses and misuses of resources and identifying the reasons for misuses, the measures for sustainable development of resources in the fragile Himalayan watersheds can be identified and implemented. The main objective of the present study is to assess the land use/land cover changes in the Sabari Khad watershed of KulluValley. The Sabari Khad watershed is part of Beas River basin. The changes in LULC have been detected by using remote sensing and GIS (Geographical Information System) techniques for a period of twelve years (2000–2021). The satellite images of the National European Space Agency Sentinal-2 of November, 2021 and LandSat-7 image of November 2000 were processed with the help of ERDAS Imagine (2015) and Arc View (3.2a) software. This study reveals that substantial amount of deforestation and snow cover retreat has occurred during this period of two decades due to anthropogenic activities such as expansion of agriculture, especially horticulture and infrastructure.
Correction of mould cavity geometry for warpage compensation
Authors: Kastelic Tomaž , Starman Bojan , Cafuta Gašper , Halilovič Miroslav , Mole Nikolaj
Published: July 2022

Warpage is one of the most challenging defects occurring in plastic injection moulded parts. Various approaches to overcome this issue have been proposed in the literature, but they all provide only partial solutions to the problem. This paper proposes a new method for the compensation and minimisation of warpage. The method is based on Mould Cavity (MC) correction. In contrast to other similar methods, here the MC correction is accomplished through a direct comparison of the local deviations of the warped part's geometry to the desired geometry of the part. Modifying the MC shape accordingly yields parts with a lower shape discrepancy from the desired geometry compared to the nonadjusted shape. The key novelty of the paper is the development of software that iteratively adjusts the MC shape to minimise local deviations. In every iteration, the warped part is compared to the desired geometry and the MC geometry is adjusted accordingly. A curved thin-walled plate part case study demonstrates the method's capabilities. We show that the maximum warpage value of 0.005 mm (0.7% of the initial maximum warpage) was reached after three iterations of MC geometry correction and remained stable afterwards.
Folk Nomenclature and Traditional knowledge of breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg] Diversity in the Caribbean
Authors: Daley Oral O. , Roberts-Nkrumah Laura B. , Alleyne Angela T. , Gloster Michael C.
Published: July 2022

Since its introduction in the Caribbean islands in 1793, breadfruit has had a diverse history in the region, and there is a considerable repository of traditional, yet undocumented knowledge of the crop, among residents of the region. Consequently, it remains underutilized as a food source, despite recognition of its potential to contribute to food and nutrition security. Understanding the folk taxonomy and traditional knowledge associated with its diversity and utilization is a prerequisite to develop programs for its commercial production and utilization. This study was conducted among 170 respondents, who were selected across the Caribbean by using a combination of simple random and snowball sampling techniques to collect and document information on the ethnobotany and traditional knowledge associated with breadfruit biodiversity, including systems of naming, identification and classification of breadfruit cultivars or types. Breadfruit has a high socio-cultural value and is produced for both home use and sale by most respondents (68%). The genetic diversity of breadfruit managed by the respondents is also important as a total of 51 vernacular names were uncovered with nine of those names recorded for the first time in this study. Breadfruit types were identified by morphology and agronomic characteristics, with other important traits relating to use and cooking quality. Classification of breadfruit cultivars or types was based on eating - quality, most suitable methods of preparation and ease of cooking. The ethnobotanical and traditional knowledge obtained from this study may be useful in assessing the genetic diversity of breadfruit and guiding future community-based conservation and classification studies of this important crop resource in the Caribbean. This is crucial to support the commercialization of breadfruit to improve its contribution to food and nutrition security.
Land Use Land Cover Dynamics Using CA-Markov Chain Model and Geospatial Techniques: A Case of Belete Gera Regional Forest Priority Area, South Western Ethiopia.
Authors: Gemmechis Wendafiraw Abdisa
Published: July 2022

Arrogant practices of land use including expansion of agricultural land and infrastructural development are resulting in deforestation that goes to climate change. Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov chain combines the advantages of cellular and Markov chain analysis to simulate and predict future land use/cover trends depending on the Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes in the past. First, spatial distribution of LULC and area changed were calculated using IDRISI software and GIS technology, and then the forest land cover conversion to other LULC was evaluated to obtain rate of deforestation during a period of 1980-2018. Second, using transition potential matrices of 1999-2018, CA-Markov chain was executed to simulate spatial distribution of land use/cover in 2018. Based on the simulated LULC map for 2018 and the actual LULC map of 2018 CA-Markov Model was validated with a kappa index of 1. Finally, future land use/cover transformed during the periods of 2018-2037 and 2037-2056 were predicted using CA-Markov Chain Model. The results revealed that decreasing of forest land and increasing of agricultural land in the study period. Forest land was decreased by 52,156.71 hectares from 1980 to 2018, while agricultural land increased by 78,021.35 hectares during 1980-2018. Rate of deforestation between 1980 and 2018 was 1,372.54 hectares per year. Therefore, the predicted results of 2037 year suggests that forest cover would decreases by 30,204.65 hectares within 19 years and also agricultural land would be increases by 30,693.91 hectares between 2018 and 2037. It approved helping concerned bodies that work on the forest better understand and address a tough land use system, and develop the ameliorated land use management strategies that can better protect forest degradation.
Source identification and health risks of nitrate contamination in shallow groundwater: A case study in Subei Lake basin
Authors: li zijun , Yang Qingchun , Xie Chuan , Lu Xingyu
Published: July 2022

Nitrate pollution in groundwater has become a global concern as it can affect the drinking water quality and human health. In this paper, an extensive hydrochemical investigation and health risk were performed in the Subei Lake basin where shallow groundwater is the main available drinking water resource for residents. The prevalent pollutant, nitrate (NO3-), has been identified based on descriptive statistical method and box and whisker plots, and most of the other parameters of groundwater samples meet water standards and can be used for drinking purpose. Nearly 23.53% of groundwater samples had the NO3- concentrations higher than the limit of 50 mg/L recommended by the World Health Organization, and the extremely high nitrate content (199 mg/L) was distributed around the Mukai Lake. Piper triangle diagram proposed that the dominated anions of hydrochemical types were observed with a gradual evolving trend from HCO3- to SO42- and Cl- with the increase of nitrate content. The results of correspondence analysis showed that agricultural activities were the most the possible source of nitrate contamination, while the higher content of other parameters in individual groundwater samples may be controlled by natural factors. The impacts of pollutant NO3- on human health were quantified using health risk assessment model, and results showed that the order of non-carcinogenic health risk values from oral exposure was Infants＞Children＞Adult males＞Adult females, corresponding to 65%, 53%, 41% and 35% of samples exceeding the accepted limit for nitrate associated health risk (HQ＞1), respectively. The detailed knowledge on groundwater quality characteristics obtained from this study can provide valuable reference for drinking water safety and groundwater pollution prevention.
Development of Wearable Multi-Lead ECG Measurement Device using Cubic Flocked Electrode
Authors: Takeshita Toshihiro , Yoshida Manabu , Takei Yusuke , Ouchi Atsushi , Hinoki Akinari , Uchida Hiroo , Kobayashi Takeshi
Published: July 2022

This paper describes the fabrication and fundamental evaluation of the cubic flocked electrode (CFE), which is a dry electrode that is fabricated using electrostatic flocking technology. The development of a wearable multi-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement device using the CFE is also reported. To enable measurement of ECG signals with sufficient quality for medical applications, the occurrence of motion artifacts (MAs) is the most important problem to be overcome. Therefore, it is necessary to stabilize the contact between the patient’s skin and the dry electrode. Because the CFE developed in this work offers both contact stability and flexibility, it is expected to enable ECG measurements with low MA levels. In this study, it is demonstrated that the number of MAs caused by respiration can be reduced when the CFE contact is made at a contact pressure of approximately 500 Pa using MA evaluation equipment that was developed in-house. Additionally, a wearable multi-lead ECG is designed and fabricated based on this contact pressure (500 Pa). The results of the demonstration experiment show that the ECG measurements are successful to the same extent as a conventional medical device.
An Evidence-Based Approach to Covid-19 Pandemic Effects on Academics
Authors: Farrell Lynn , Latu Ioana , Linden Mark , Stefanova Vasilena , McCloskey Karen
Published: July 2022

We discuss our evidence-based approach to understanding and addressing the gendered impact of the pandemic on academics at Queen’s University Belfast, a research-intensive Russell Group UK University. The study was a collaboration between the University-wide Queen’s Gender Initiative, researchers, and Human Resources. A staff survey ran from 23 September until 30 October 2020, assessing academic productivity and personal factors including caring responsibilities, wellbeing, and time spent working. Data from 537 academics showed that multiple challenges were experienced with most of the day spent on work and caregiving tasks. The majority of worktime comprised teaching, at a cost to research productivity and personal wellbeing. These patterns were accentuated for female academics. From this holistic approach to understanding academics’ challenges, recommendations were presented to the University’s Executive Board and other high-level institutional committees. An Action Plan of sustainable solutions designed to mitigate the pandemic effect focused on promotion, research, workload support, and wellbeing. Furthermore, the findings directly informed policies to enhance working life, particularly in new models of flexible working. In summary, we report methodology to integrate research and centralized efforts to address the pandemic’s impact on academics, using a gender lens and incorporating complementarity of work, home-life and wellbeing.
Benefit of Blue Carbon Stocks in a coastal Jazan ecosystem under land use dynamic
Authors: El-Hamid Hazem Abd , Eid Ebrahem M. , El-Morsy Mohamed H.E. , Osman Hanan E.M. , Keshta Amr E.
Published: July 2022

Coastal ecosystems are characterized by high content of soil carbon storage; however, they experience severe land conversions in the past decades. The current study aims to examine how different land use/land cover (LU/LC) impact carbon stock in coastal ecosystem along Jazan coast, Saudi Arabia. In this study, impacts of LU/LC on carbon stocks in the coastal zone of Jazan, Saudi Arabia in 2009, 2013, and 2021 were assessed. Also, the LU/LC dynamics were evaluated using data provided by the land use dynamic model. The carbon stocks were modelled based on LU/LC using the InVEST program. Our study results showed that the decrease in mangroves from 2013 to 2021 reflects the high atmospheric emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). Also, the increase in built-up areas might negatively impact total carbon stock. The estimated carbon stocks for the coastal zone of Jazan biome were 7279027.42 Mg C in 2009 (1Mg = 106 g). It decreased to 2827817.84 Mg C in 2013, with a total loss of –4450675.40 Mg C, and an average of annual loss of –1112669 Mg C in the study period with net value of –461240790.53 US$. On the other hand, the total estimated carbon stock was increased from 2013 to 2021 with a 3772968.31 Mg C in 2021 (a total gain 944840.87 Mg C). This study area should receive new public policies focusing on the recovery and conservation of environmental quality and climate change mitigation, by considering the socioeconomic and environmental importance of that basin in the national context.
Innovative approach with harmonic modes and finite element modeling for the nonlinear dynamic analysis of a suspension bridge
Authors: Yi Hui , Siu-seong Law , Guo Kunpeng , Min Liu
Published: July 2022

The non-linear characteristics of a general multiple degrees-of-freedom suspension bridge under harmonic excitation are studied with an innovative approach consisting of the harmonic modes, the finite element modeling and the Incremental Harmonic Balance method. The geometric non-linearity induced by large amplitude vibration is considered. The harmonic mode and mean kinetic energy of the system are proposed to describe the non-linear responses. The harmonic mode can be expressed as a linear combination of different linearized system modes. The resonance responses of the structure are characterized with the participation ratio of these system modes. Its composition under harmonic excitations can easily be described in terms of the different harmonic mode shapes and then the system modes. The proposed method is further applied to analyze, in detail, the properties of the harmonic modes and the evolution of the steady state non-linear responses with variations in the excitation frequency.
An Enduring In vitro Wound Healing Phase Recipient by Bioactive Glass- Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites
Authors: Nandhakumar N. Manjubaashini , T T. Daniel Thangaduari , Sundaram Senthilarasu , Roy Anurag , S Balakumar
Published: July 2022

Bioactive glass (BG) is intensely interested in soft tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and bonding potential to increase fibroblast cell proliferation, growth factors, and granulation tissue development. The proposed BG with and without sodium (Na) was prepared using the sol-gel method for wound healing studies. The BG/graphene oxide (GO) and BG (Na-free)/GO nanocomposites were investigated against fibroblast L929 cells in vitro; the 45S5 BG nanocomposites exhibited desired cell viability (80%), cell proliferation (30%), cell migration (25%), metabolic activity, and wound contraction due to extracellular matrix (ECM) production and enhanced protein release by fibroblast cells. Additionally, the antioxidant assays for BG, BG (Na-free), GO, and BG/GO, BG (Na-free)/GO were evaluated for effective wound healing with reduced inflammation sites on the wound area, which was assessed by the (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) (DPPH) assay with 80% radical scavenging activity, confirming their anti-inflammation and improved wound healing properties.
The knowledge of Polish pregnant and lactating women about the risk factors and health consequences of obesity for mother and child
Authors: Maćków Monika
Published: July 2022

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease that affects all populations and age groups. The last decade has seen an increase in the incidence of overweight and obesity in women, also during pregnancy. Obesity in a woman who is expecting a baby can have serious health consequences for both her and the fetus, such as: hypertension, diabetes and other non-infectious diseases.Methods: The study was approved by a total of 232 women, including 120 pregnant and 112 lactating women aged 19-42. The study group consisted of women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, breastfeeding and mixed method (breastfeeding and milk replacers). A specially constructed questionnaire consisting of 10 questions was used in the study. Microsoft Excel 2010 and the SPSS 13.3 statistical program were used for the calculations.Results: Among pregnant women, 83.3% of them, and 50% during lactation, did not know the answer to the question of how the Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated. Women expecting a baby were more likely to mention pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes as consequences of overweight and obesity in a pregnant woman. Lactating women more often indicated breastfeeding as a factor protecting their child against obesity.Conclusion: The study shows that it is necessary to thoroughly educate pregnant and lactating women and those planning pregnancy about the risk factors and complications of obesity, especially during pregnancy, because it can affect both the health of the woman and the health of the child, including his body weight, which determines the emergence of many diseases in the future.
Control of Floating Object Directions on Rip Current at Beaches by Using Deflectors
Authors: Hassan Reda M. A. , Abd-Elmonem Ibrahim M. , Iskander Mohb M. , Almaghraby Mostafa M.
Published: July 2022

This paper introduces an innovative deflector system to reduce the threats of rip currents. The objectives of this research are; the assessment of the proposed tool to deflect the floating subjects caught by rip currents, study the effect of deflector angles on the values and directions of the rip current velocities and investigate the effect of the deflector distances from the shoreline on rip currents. To achieve the study objectives, experimental works, field measurements, and mathematical formula derivation of different parameters, were carried out. The proposed deflector systems were modelled with different shapes and materials. The experiments were executed first without placing the proposed deflectors, as a reference case (A). Then three different types of the proposed deflectors were checked with different water depths (5, 7.5, 10, and 15 cm), different wave frequencies (15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 min− 1), and different distances (95, 105, and 125 cm) for the deflector seaward from the shoreline were examined. The rip current velocities have inversed relation to the distance of the deflector from the shoreline. In addition, it is concluded that the deflectors can direct the swimmers away from the center of rip currents; so, to minimize drowning. It is recommended to investigate the effect of using different scales of the proposed deflectors on the rip current behaviour.
Ultrasonographic features of cervical lymph node metastases from medullary thyroid cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ni Xiaofeng , Xu Shangyan , Zhan Weiwei , Zhou Wei
Published: July 2022

Background: To investigate sonographic features of cervical lymph node metastases from medullary thyroid cancer (LNM-MTC), as compared with lymph node metastases from papillary thyroid cancer (LNM-PTC).Methods: A total of 42 MTC patients with 52 metastatic LNs and 188 PTC patients with 208 metastatic LNs who were confirmed by fine needle aspiration and post-operative pathology, were enrolled in this study. The clinical characteristics and sonographic features of LNs were compared between the two groups. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed on the sonographic features of LNs, including short and long-axis diameter, long-axis diameter/short-axis, shape, border, hilum, echogenicity, calcifications, cystic change and vascularity pattern.Results: The mean age of patients with LNM-MTC was 46.81±13.05, which was older than that of LNM-PTC group (P=0.000). No differences were observed in gender, location, long-axis diameter/short-axis, shape, border, echogenicity, cystic change and vascularity pattern between LNM-MTC and LNM-PTC groups (P >0.05, for all). However, long-axis and short-axis diameter, hilum and calcifications were statistically different between these two groups (P<0.05, for all).Conclusion: Compared with LNM-PTC, LNM-MTC tended to have the sonographic characteristics of larger size, absence of hilum, and less calcifications, and awareness of these features might be helpful to in the diagnosis of LNM-MTC.
Other operations Versus MBG Procedure of Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Qifan , Liu Jing , Tan Lei , Zhou Pengcheng , Zhu Dong
Published: July 2022

Background
This study performed a randomized data meta-analysis to assess The Modified Brostrom-Gould (MBG) for proven chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI).
Methods
All randomized clinical trials comparing Other operations and published MBG were found by searching the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed databases. The Review Manager 5.4 software was used to compare the two groups regarding postoperative functional score, ankle stability, and complications. Risk Ratio (RR) and Mean Differences(MD) were used in meta-analyses.
Results
8 experiments are suitable for it, 426 patients were enrolled, and 222 patients underwent Other operations surgery. Among the six outcome indicators, in terms of FAOS scores, the Other operations group has an advantage, 8.34 points higher than MBG; others show no significant differences.
Conclusions
Based on this meta-analysis, the author believes that Other operations have a clinical advantage compared with the Other operations group.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(butanediol sebacate-butanediol) terephthalate (PBSeT) reinforced by hydrogen bond containing amide group, with good mechanical properties and improved water vapor barrier
Authors: Feng Yu , Li Yingchun , Almalki Abdulraheem S.A. , Meng Xiangning , Alhadhrami A. , Ye Xinming , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Guo Xin , Algadi Hassan , Huang Mina , Winchestor William , Wang Zhe
Published: July 2022

Hydrogen-bonded PBSeT copolyesters are synthesized by introducing a polar amide unit into the molecular chain by adding decyldiamine. Two-step esterification and one-step polycondensation melt polymerization were adopted. ATR-FTIR and 1HNMR demonstrated the successful introduction of the amide unit. The effect of adding an amide unit on many properties was also discussed. Due to the formation of hydrogen bond, the force of the molecular chain is increased, the crystallinity is increased by 5.91%, and the yield strength and tear strength are increased by 40.7% and 74.8%, respectively. The addition of 1,10-decyldiamine has no significant effect on the glass transition temperature and thermal stability of polyester. The introduction of an amide unit decreased free volume and increased combined crystallinity, which also increased the water vapor barrier. At the same time, PBSeT copolyester still maintained its biodegradability under hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis. This paper discusses a synthesis method of PBSeT copolyester strengthened by a hydrogen bond. The modified material has higher crystallinity, better mechanical properties, and a better water vapor barrier while maintaining certain biodegradation ability. It can be used in disposable products, food packaging, and other fields.
Efficient and rapid removal of chromium (VI) using industrial waste derived nanoparticles: Optimization and mechanisms
Authors: Hamadeen Hala M. , Elkhatib Elsayed A. , Moharem Mohamed L
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, the existence of metal ions in the environment like chromium (VI) is of significant worry because of its high toxicity to many life forms. Therefore, in this study, an inexpensive and eco-friendly nano-adsorbent (nWTRs) was produced from the waste of drinking water industry for effective elimination of Cr (VI) from wastewater. The mineralogical and morphological characterization and compositions of the bulk and nano- adsorbents were performed. The adsorption capabilities of nWTRs for Cr(VI) under different experimental conditions of adsorbent dosage, time, Cr (VI) concentration, solution pH, and competitive ions were investigated. The nWTRs adsorbent exhibits very rapid adsorption potential (92 %) for Cr (VI) within the first 15 min. Langmuir model showed high predictive capability for describing Cr (VI) sorption equilibrium data while the sorption kinetics data of Cr (VI) were perfectly fitted to the model of second-order kinetics. High immobilization capability of nWTRs for sorbed Cr (VI) is evident as most of adsorbed Cr (VI) was associated with the residual fraction. The nWTRs efficiency of Cr (VI) removal from wastewater using batch and column techniques were 98.12 and 96.86 respectively. Electrostatic interactions, outer sphere complexation and pore filling are the main mechanisms suggested for binding of Cr(VI) with functional groups of nWTRs. This study demonstrates that the green low-cost nWTRs have the potential to decontaminate industrial wastewater effluents containing Cr (VI).
Biomimetic hydrogel blanket for conserving and recovering intrinsic cell properties
Authors: Um Seung-Hoon , Seo Youngmin , Seo Hyunseon , Lee Kyungwoo , Park Sun Hwa , Jeon Jung Ho , Lim Jung Yeon , Ok Myoung-Ryul , Kim Yu-Chan , Kim Hyunjung , Cheon Cheol-Hong , Han Hyung-Seop , Edwards James R. , Kim Sung Won , Jeon Hojeong
Published: July 2022

Background: Cells in the human body experience different growth environments and conditions, such as pressure and oxygen concentrations, depending on the type and location of the tissue. For this reason, a culture device that emulates the environment inside the body to study cells outside the body is required. Method: A blanket-type cell culture device (Direct Contact Pressing: DCP) was fabricated with an alginate-based hydrogel. Changes in cell morphology due to DCP pressure were observed with a phase-contrast microscope. The modification of oxygen permeability and pressure according to the hydrogel concentration of DCP was analyzed. To compare the effects of DCP with normal or artificial hypoxic culture, groups were divided into normal culture (Normal), use of DCP culture device (Pressing), and artificial hypoxia environment (Hypoxia). Changes in phenotype, genes, and GAG amounts according to each environment were evaluated. In addition, through the results of culture environment-gene and cell morphology analysis, the mechanism of each culture environment on the conserving chondrocytes intrinsic properties was suggested.Results: When human primary chondrocytes—which require pressure and a low-oxygen environment during culture to maintain their innate properties—were cultured using the hydrogel blanket, the original shapes and properties of chondrocytes were maintained, and recovery of intrinsic properties was observed even in aged cells which lost their original cell properties. Conclusion: A direct contact pressing culture method with the use of a biomimetic hydrogel blanket provides cells with adjustable physical pressure and a low-oxygen environment. Through this technique could maintain the original cellular phenotypes and intrinsic properties of human primary chondrocytes.
Population pharmacokinetic characteristics of tacrolimus in Chinese lung transplant recipients and optimisation of dosing regimen
Authors: Zhou Shouning , Lian Qiaoyan , Xie Hui , Guan Yanping , He Jianxing , Wei Li , Ju Chunrong
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To establish a population pharmacokinetic model and optimise tacrolimus dosing regimens in Chinese Han lung transplant recipients. Methods: A total of 780 tacrolimus trough concentrations and clinical data of 127 adult lung transplant recipients were collected. Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a nonlinear mixed effects model. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to determine the optimal dosing regimen. 41 patients with 97 tacrolimus trough concentrations were used for external validation.Results: The pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus could be best described by a one-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination. The estimated apparent clearance and volume of distribution were 3.43 L·h-1 and 60.72 L, respectively. The clearance of tacrolimus in the CYP3A5 rapid and intermediate metabolisers were 2.68 and 2.07 times higher than those of CYP3A5 poor metaboliser, respectively. When HCT decreased from 0.30 to 0.20, the clearance of tacrolimus elevated by 32.28% and the apparent distribution volume increased by 33.90%. The clearance of tacrolimus was decreased of 25.99%, 11.49%, 38.12% by concomitant use of voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole respectively. The model was successfully internally and externally validated. Recommended dose regimens were obtained by Monte Carlo simulation based on the established model.Conclusion: A population pharmacokinetic model of tacrolimus in Chinese Han lung transplant recipients was successfully constructed. Recipients with the CYP3A5*1/*1 genotype, low HCT value, and concomitant with AFDs after surgery needed a higher maintenance dose to reach the therapeutic window, which provided a reference for the formulation of individualised tacrolimus regimen.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: a surrogate of P-SILI in critically ill COVID-19 patients
Authors: Elabbadi Alexandre , Urbina Tomas , Berti Enora , Contou Damien , Plantefève Gaëtan , Soulier Quintana , Milon Audrey , Carteaux Guillaume , Voiriot Guillaume , Fartoukh Muriel , Gibelin Aude
Published: July 2022

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SP) was described early during the COVID-19 pandemic in large series of patient with severe pneumonia, but all partly involved patients with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) at the time of SP diagnosis. We aimed, in this retrospective multicenter observational study, to describe the prevalence and outcomes of SP during severe COVID-19 pneumonia before any IMV, in order to rule out mechanisms induced by IMV in the development of pneumomediastinum. A total of 551 patients were included. Twenty-one (4%) developed a SP while under non-invasive respiratory support, with a median of 6 days [4–12] from ICU admission. Although the proportion of patients eventually requiring IMV was similar, time to tracheal intubation was longer in patients with SP (6 days [4–13] vs. 2 days [1–4]; P = 0.0001), with a higher first-line use of non-invasive ventilation (n = 11; 52% vs. n = 150; 28%). By focusing on the 21 patients who developed a SP we noticed persisting signs of severe lung disease and respiratory failure with lower ROX index between admission and occurrence of SP (3.94 [3.15–5.55] at ICU admission vs. 3.25 [2.73–4.02] the day preceding SP; P = 0.1) which may underlie potential indirect signals of patient-self inflicted lung injury (P-SILI). In this series of critically-ill COVID-19 patients, prevalence of SP without invasive mechanical ventilation was not uncommon, affecting 4% of patients and was associated with higher need for vital supports and longer ICU length of stay. One pathophysiological mechanism may potentially be carried-out by P-SILI related to a prolonged respiratory failure as underlined by a delayed use of IMV and the evolution of ROX index between ICU admission and the day preceding SP.
Impact of clinical pharmacist discharge prescription review on the appropriateness of antibiotic therapy: A retrospective comparison
Authors: Spigelmyer Amy , Howard Catessa , Rybakov Ilya , Burwell Sheena , Slain Douglas
Published: July 2022

Background: Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing upon hospital discharge has been identified as a significant problem. Despite high rates of antibiotic prescription errors, there is no widely accepted antimicrobial stewardship initiative to prevent such errors. Aim: The primary objective of this study was to determine the impact of hospital-based clinical pharmacist discharge prescription review on the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions. Method: This was an observational study comparing the appropriateness of hospital discharge antibiotic prescriptions between two similar internal medicine services. One cohort of patients were admitted to a Medicine service where rounding clinical pharmacists perform routine antibiotic discharge assessment, and the comparator cohort were admitted to a Hospitalist service without routine pharmacist discharge antibiotic review.Results: Our study included 150 cases per cohort. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, with the exception of increased age (p=0.025) and fewer cases of ABSSSI (p=0.001) in the Hospitalist cohort. Antibiotic appropriateness was considerably greater in the Medicine (pharmacist) group versus Hospitalist group [(83% versus 54%, respectively (p<0.00001)]. Difference in appropriateness was mainly driven by pneumonia and UTI prescriptions. Conclusions: Appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions significantly improved in the setting of pharmacist discharge review. This initiative highlights the important role of clinical pharmacists in outpatient antimicrobial stewardship.
Analysis of plant social network for sustainable development in Mudeungsan National Park
Authors: Jeong Jeongchae
Published: July 2022

In this study, the vascular flora of Mudeungsan National Park, which is recognized as an area with high ecological value, was investigated, and based on this, the plant social network was visualized and analyzed. 1,255 plots were set up to include various vegetation such as major plant communities, ridges of the summit, and main trails, and a list of all plants appearing in each plot prepared. Based on the list of all plants, a 2×2 contigency table was prepared, χ2 test was performed, and a matrix table was prepared for analysis of association between taxa. Based on the positive correlation, the plant social network structure was visualized using the Gephi 0.9.2 tool, and the network structure was analyzed. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the sustainable development of Mudeungsan National Park by applying the social network concept used in sociology to plant social and analyzing the interrelationship between plants. The results of this study will be used as basic data for restoration of habitats damaged by people's interference, which will help preserve habitats and sustainable development. In addition, continuous investigation can provide basic data to predict the response of plant communities due to climate change and foreign species inflow. In addition, continuous plant social network data accumulation can provide basic data that can predict the response of plant communities to climate change and the introduction of alien species.
The importance of m6A methylation in the diagnosis and subtype classification of osteoarthritis analyzed by the Gene Expression Omnibus Database
Authors: Hu Shidong , Shen Chen , Yao Xudong , Zou Yulong , Wang Ting , Sun Xianding , Nie Mao
Published: July 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease in orthopedics. RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) exerts an essential effect in a variety of biological processes in the eukaryotes. In this study, we determined the effect of m6A regulators in the OA diagnosis along with performing the subtype classification. Differential analysis of OA and normal samples in the database of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) identified 9 significantly differentially expressed m6A regulators. These regulators were monitored by a random forest algorithm so as to evaluate the risk of developing OA disease. On the basis of these 9 moderators, a nomogram was established. The results of decision curve analysis (DCA) suggested that the patients could benefit from a nomogram model. The OA sample was classified as 2 m6A models through a consensus clustering algorithm in accordance with these 9 regulators. These 2 m6A patterns were then assessed with principal component analysis (PCA). We also determined the m6A scores for the 2 m6A patterns and their correlation with immune infiltration. The results indicated that type A had a higher m6A score than type B. Thus, we suggest that the m6A pattern may provide a new approach for diagnose and provide novel ideas for molecular targeted therapy of OA.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus post-COVID-19: a trigger or a coincidence? A case report
Authors: Deen Nashwan Zainal , Hnish Mohamed , Attal Saleh
Published: July 2022

Introduction:Diabetes mellitus is proven to be one of the highest risks of developing severe illness in people infected with COVID-19, particularly in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Several research works have been done to study the relationship between COVID-19 and new-onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Case presentation:We are reporting a case of 25 years old Arabic male who had a mild COVID-19 infection and presented with type 1 diabetes mellitus with low C-peptide and positive anti-GAD two months after the infection.Conclusions:In conclusion, our case highlights a possible exacerbation of autoimmunity due to COVID-19 that induced or accelerated development of type 1 diabetes mellitus.Our case highlights a possible exacerbation of autoimmunity due to COVID-19 that induced or accelerated development of T1DM. Therefore, clinicians should always keep in mind the possibility of new-onset T1DM following a COVID-19 infection
The incidence and outcomes of late-term pregnancy
Authors: Mehrnoush Vahid , Ranjbar Amene , Darsareh Fatemeh , Shekari Mitra , Jahromi Maliheh Shirzadfard
Published: July 2022

Background: In low-risk women, it is being debated whether to induce labor at 41 weeks + 0 days or to allow the pregnancy to continue until 42 weeks + 0 days. Post-term pregnancy is linked to poor perinatal and maternal outcomes. However, little is known about the outcomes of late-term pregnancy. In this study, we aim to assess the incidence and adverse prenatal outcomes associated with late-term pregnancy.Methods: We retrospectively assessed all the singleton pregnant mothers who gave birth at Khaleej-e-Fars Hospital in Bandar Abbas, Iran, between January 2020-2022. All preterm and post-term deliveries were excluded. Mothers were divided into two groups: 1) late-term mothers and 2) term mothers. Term pregnancy was defined as 37 0/7 weeks to 40 6/7 weeks of gestation, and late-term pregnancy was defined as 41 0/7 weeks to 41 6/7 weeks of gestation. Demographic factors, obstetrical factors, maternal comorbidities, and prenatal outcomes were extracted from the electronic data of each mother. The incidence of late-term births was calculated. The Chi-square test was used to compare differences between the groups. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association of prenatal outcome with late-term pregnancy.Results: There were 8888 singleton deliveries during the study period. 1269 preterm and post-term pregnancies were ruled out. 309 (4.1%) of the 7619 deliveries were late-term, while 7310 (95.9%) were term. There were no sociodemographic differences between term and late-term mothers. The late-term group had a higher prevalence of primiparous mothers, and the term group had a higher prevalence of diabetes. Late-term mothers had a higher rate of macrosomia, meconium amniotic fluid, fetal distress, and a lower rate of LBW. After adjusting for confounders, late-term mothers had a higher risk of macrosomia aOR 2.24 (CI: 1.34-3.01), meconium amniotic fluid aOR 2.32 (CI: 1.59-3.14), and fetal distress aOR 2.38 (CI: 1.54-2.79). When compared to term pregnancy, the risk of LBW was lower in late-term pregnancy aOR 0.69 (CI: 0.36-0.81). Conclusions: Late-term pregnancy was found to be more likely to be associated with macrosomia, meconium amniotic fluid, and fetal distress, but serious maternal and neonatal adverse events were comparable to term pregnancy.
Degradation and decolourization potential of ligninolytic enzyme producing Bacillus paramycoides BL2 and Micrococcus yunnanensis BL3 for pulp paper industrial effluent and its toxicity evaluation
Authors: Verma Prerna , Tripathi Sonam , Yadav Sangeeta , Chandra Ram , Ram Chandra
Published: July 2022

Aim of this study was to optimize the production of Ligninolytic enzyme for degradation of complex pollutants present in pulp paper industrial effluent (PPIE). Two ligninolytic enzyme-producing bacterial strains were isolated from PPIE and identified as Bacillus paramycoides strain BL2 (MZ676667) and Micrococcus yunnanensis strains BL3 (MZ676668). The identified bacterial strain Bacillus paramycoides strain BL2 showed optimum production of LiP (4.30 U/ml), MnP (3.38 U/ml) at 72 hrs of incubation, while laccase (4.43 U/ml ) at 96 hrs of incubation. While, Micrococcus yunnanensis strains BL3 produced maximum LiP (3.98) and MnP (3.85 U/ml) at 96 hrs of incubation and maximum laccase (3.85 U/ml) at 72 hrs of incubation, pH 7-8, and temperatures of 30-35°C. Furthermore, in the presence of glucose (1.0%) and peptone (0.5%) as nutrient sources, the enzyme activity of consortium leads reduction of lignin (70%), colour (63% ) along with COD (71%) and BOD (58%). The pollutants detected in control i.e. 3.6-Dioxa-2,7-disilaoctane , 2-Heptnoic acid ,trimethylsilyl ester, 7-Methyldinaphtho [2,1-b,1’,2’-d] silole , Hexadeconoic acid, trimethylysilyl ester, Methyl1(Z)-3,3-dipheny.1-4-hexenoale, 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexane,2,2-dimethylpropyl(2Z,6E)-10,11epoxy5,6 Dihyrostigmasterol, acetate were completely diminished. The toxicity of PPIE was reduced up to 75%. Hence, knowledge of this study will be very useful for industrial sector for treatment of complex wastewater.