bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robotic Automation in Rubber Processing: Improving Safety and Productivity
Authors: Anumandla Sunil Kumar Reddy , Tejani Jayadip GhanshyamBhai
Published: July 2024

This study examines the effect of robotic automation on productivity and safety in the rubber processing sector. The primary goals were to evaluate the advantages of robotic integration, do a cost-benefit analysis, and investigate the implications of the adoption policy. A thorough literature research, case study analysis, and industry expert interviews were all part of the process. Important discoveries show that robotic automation considerably improves workplace safety by lowering the risks associated with manual labor and chemical exposure. Continuous operation, precision production, and enhanced quality control contributed to productivity gains. The cost-benefit analysis shows significant long-term labor cost savings and improved productivity. The policy implications underscore the significance of labor training, legislative assistance, and technological integration in enabling extensive adoption. The revolutionary potential of robotic automation in rubber processing is highlighted by this study, which provides policymakers and industry stakeholders with ideas on how to use technology to promote competitiveness and sustainable growth.
Role of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin in the Pathophysiology of Asthma and Clinical and Biological Effects of Blockade With Tezepelumab
Authors: Venegas Garrido C , Nair P , Dávila I , Pérez de Llano L
Published: July 2024

The airway epithelium is the first line of defense of the respiratory system against the external environment. It plays an active role in the initiation of immune and allergic responses against potential hazards. Among the various specialized cells and cytokines that participate in epithelium-induced responses, alarmins are particularly interesting, given their ample role in mediating T2 and non-T2 inflammatory mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an alarmin with broad effects in asthma that result from its widespread action on multiple cell types, including eosinophils, mast cells, dendritic cells, and group-2 innate lymphoid cells. Its role in allergy-mediated responses, eosinophilic inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus hyperproduction, viral tolerance, and airway remodeling is of the utmost importance, as more comprehensive asthma assessments have been developed to explore these pathogenic features. Therefore, blockade with targeting molecules, such as monoclonal antibodies, has emerged as a promising therapeutic option, particularly in patients with multiple pathogenic pathways. In this review, we examine the roles of alarmins (mainly TSLP) in the pathogenesis of asthma and clinical expression and discuss the effects of inhibiting TSLP on several inflammatory and clinical outcomes. We also review the literature supporting treatment with anti-TSLP biologics and the unanswered questions and unmet needs associated with targeting alarmins in asthma.
On the issue of assessing the impact of innovation activity on the results of an activity of an enterprise of Russian economy strategic industry
Authors: Pasechnikova Larisa V. , Larina Tatiana N.
Published: July 2024

The innovative activity of an enterprise reflects its ability to respond to changes in the external environment through the production or development of new products, the introduction of new technologies, as well as restructuring, development of organizational systems and management systems. In practice, the innovative activity of an enterprise is manifested in the regular updating of production technologies, in the growth of investments in production and scientific developments, in the growth of expenses for training (advanced training) of personnel, etc. The result of innovation activity should be an increase in financial results and strengthening of the financial condition of the enterprise, an increase in the value of assets, a decrease in indicators of harmful effects on the environment, etc. In the article, innovative activity is considered as an important factor in the development of an enterprise that determines the dynamics of its economic indicators. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of an organization's innovation activity on the results of its activities. The object of the study is the oil refining enterprise of Public Joint Stock Company (PJSC) «Orsknefteorgsintez», which operates on the territory of the Orenburg region. The authors analyzed the achieved results of the company's work in the current economic conditions, the directions of its innovative activity. The article presents the prospects for further development of the company, taking into account the ongoing measures to modernize and upgrade equipment, expand production. The authors showed the expected results of innovation activity in 2023, measured by indicators: financial results, volume and quality of oil refining. The information base of the study is the reporting of PJSC «Orsknefteorgsintez», specialized Internet portals for 2020–2022. The tools of empirical research are presented by statistical methods of analysis of dynamics and structure.
Approaches to calculating the attractiveness of technological projects
Authors: Tomskikh Maksim I.
Published: July 2024

For the selection and further effective implementation of a technological project, it is important to assess its attractiveness. The relevance of the scientific article follows from this request, since it considers the main drawback of the available tools for assessing the investment attractiveness of technological projects. It is important not only to analyze the attractiveness of the economic results of the economic sphere, but to create and transform existing technological projects, with the help of which the development of the country's domestic market will be achieved. The object of research of the scientific article is the need for changes in the Russian market of production and services. The subject of the study of the scientific article are the tools for assessing the investment attractiveness of the project. The purpose of the study in the scientific article is to analyze the methods for calculating the attractiveness of technological modernization in the constant technological change in the economy and politics of the country. The tasks of researching a scientific article necessary to achieve the stated goal: analytics of the functioning of the Russian economy, as a dependence on the technologization of business and society; study of technological structures from the point of view of innovative changes in the economy. Research methods used in the work: a set of general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, analogy, forecasting, a systematic approach, a number of special methods: observation, structuring information by graphical and tabular methods. Results. Thus, the problem of transformation of transitional aspects in the innovative economic analysis of technological projects is quite modern and important since the study of tools for assessing the attractiveness of projects reveals their lack of independence.
Insurance company in the production risk management system
Authors: Ivanov Dmitriy Yu. , Rostova Elena P. , Klyovina Mariya V.
Published: July 2024

The article examines one of the most common methods of preventive measures used by the management of most organizations – insurance. The role of this process in the risk management system of enterprises is studied, its types are considered: property, personal (employee insurance), liability insurance. The normative legal acts regulating this process are listed. A description of the risk management system in the «Center-Agent» format is proposed. This system will allow modeling systems involving multiple Agents. The company acts as a Center, the insurance company acts as Agent 1, it is also assumed that there is an Agent 2 in the system – a waste disposal company. There are information, financial and resource flows in the system. This study describes the activity of Agent 1: its functions in the system, as well as its overall functioning process. The Center acts as a decision-maker, Agents build their work on the basis of this information. The work schematically depicts the activity of Agent 1 and its relationship with the Center. Mathematical models are constructed based on the objective profit function of Agent 1, as well as a system of constraints. The first model describes the relationship between the Center and Agent 1 in the standard mode, when the company carries out the insurance process, but the insurance indemnity is not paid, since there was no risk event. The second model is designed to calculate when an emergency has occurred, since it includes compensation for damage paid by the insurance company. The resulting models are designed to predict the costs of preventive measures of the Center, they also allow you to plan the activities of Agent 1.
Theory of cooperative games in the economy under external uncertainty
Authors: Andrianova Irina D. , Yashin Sergey N. , Yurlov Felix F.
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the issues of theory and practice of cooperative games in conditions when there are uncontrollable factors affecting the performance of economic systems, and the systems themselves are evaluated by a set of criteria. In modern scientific literature, solutions to real economic problems of cooperation often do not take into account the methods of choosing optimal strategies in the economy. This reduces the effectiveness of decision-making. The article analyzes the problems of decision-making in the absence of information about the impact of many environmental factors. The method of using the concept of cooperative games with the use of stochastic models of uncertainty is given. A comprehensive solution to the problems of uncertainty of the external environment when applying the theory of cooperative games is of particular importance in the current development of relations between different countries. This refers to the economic relations between the countries of the East and the West. The sanctions imposed on Russia, as a rule, are unpredictable. At the same time, these sanctions are imposed in concert by several countries. Therefore, it can be assumed that when they are introduced, certain coalitions are formed. And, consequently, there is a need to consider the possibilities of applying the theory of cooperative games. The authors present tools for modeling efficiency matrices for choosing optimal strategies, taking into account the risk of exposure to uncertainty factors. The proposed methodology implements a comprehensive solution to the problems of an uncontrolled external environment when applying the theory of cooperative games. The application of various optimality principles for evaluating the effectiveness of the subjects of analysis is presented in stages. Also, this technique may be of interest to decision makers. To increase the competitiveness of the company, the manager must have a foresight of the prospects for development in the conditions of dynamically changing characteristics of the external world. The authors conducted a study of the problems of accounting for the uncertainty of the external environment and the theory of cooperative games for decision-making and presented a methodology for complex analysis of these issues.
Model of stochastic dynamics of a manufacturing enterprise, taking into account the optimal rates of domestic investment
Authors: Ilyina Elena A. , Saraev Leonid A.
Published: July 2024

In the published article, a new economic and mathematical model of the stochastic dynamics of the development of a multifactorial manufacturing enterprise is proposed, the restoration of resources of which is provided by internal investments. Forecasting the growth of output volumes, production costs, profits and depreciation deductions is described by a system of stochastic differential equations. It is shown that the dynamics of optimal development of an enterprise, within which it enters production capacities that correspond to maximum profit, correspond to effective coefficients of internal investment rates, for the calculation of which a special system of equations is established. It is shown that the choice of inefficient coefficients of internal investment rates does not allow the enterprise to ensure its maximum profit.
Model of interaction between product and process innovative potential of a manufacturing enterprise
Authors: Ivanovich Vladimir I. , Saraev Leonid A.
Published: July 2024

The article offers the author's view on the formation of an economic and mathematical model that takes into account the influence of the innovative potential of an enterprise on the dynamics of growth in the volume of output, taking into account a number of production factors characteristic of a manufacturing enterprise. The proposed economic and mathematical model allows us to take into account the mutual influence of both the product potential of an industrial enterprise and its process and innovation potential. In its structure, the economic and mathematical model proposed by the authors is presented in the form of a system of differential equations that takes into account the volume of resources of various types available to an industrial enterprise, as well as the functions of its innovative potential and indicator functions that characterize the process of managing the processes of using the innovative potential available to an industrial enterprise. The work displays several options for assessing the process of forming the innovative potential of an industrial enterprise, taking into account different combinations of possible product and process technological innovations. The economic and mathematical model proposed by the authors for taking into account the influence of the innovative potential of an enterprise on the dynamics of growth in the volume of manufactured products provides for an alternative approach to the formation of the innovative potential of an industrial enterprise: either the innovative potential of an industrial enterprise is formed through the introduction of product technological innovations, implying the introduction of new goods to the consumer market with an additional set of product characteristics, or innovative potential is formed on the basis of the use of innovations in the field of organizational sphere: production organization and labor organization. The authors proposed variants of scenarios for the development of events in which the innovative potential can be used both immediately and with some delay in time.
Modeling the impact of investments on environmental processes and the formation of fixed assets
Authors: Bogatyrev Vladimir D. , Rostova Elena P.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the macroeconomic processes of industrial production, investment and environmental pollution. Modeling is carried out using the apparatus of differential equations by modifying the R. Solow model. A graphical analysis of the equations and the solutions obtained is presented in the form of a phase portrait. The characteristic features of integral curves for different values of equation parameters are revealed. The modeling is based on statistical data of the Russian Federation for the period 2011–2022. As a result of the simulation, lines corresponding to processes with low investment investments aimed at reducing production and consumption waste and high value of investments in fixed assets were obtained.
Model of digital transformation of manufacturing labor resources enterprises, taking into account the lag effect of domestic investment
Authors: Ilyina Elena A. , Saraev Leonid A.
Published: July 2024

The published article presents variants of mathematical models of a manufacturing enterprise, in the structure of whose labor resources elements of artificial intelligence and robotics are introduced. They can be used to forecast and optimize production, taking into account the introduction of modern technologies and transformation of work processes. Models of dynamic development of an enterprise are presented in the form of systems of differential equations regarding production factors that take into account the lag effect of domestic investment. This model uses a dynamic two-factor production function of the enterprise, which is the basis for analysis. The structure of this function includes a logistics function of digitalization, reflecting the level of digital transformation of the enterprise, a production function corresponding to production processes before the introduction of digital technologies, a production function corresponding to production processes after full digitalization. The limiting values of production factors are calculated, corresponding to the equilibrium states of the enterprise and being stationary solutions to the systems of equations of the model. It is shown that models of production by an enterprise corresponding to the absence of digital transformation and complete digitalization of production represent the lower and upper boundaries of all possible options for replacing human labor resources.
Comparative analysis of innovation activities of enterprises by regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Vybornova Lyubov A. , Rostova Elena P.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the innovative activity of enterprises in the regions of the Russian Federation on the basis of studying the dynamics of the share of innovative goods, works, services in the total volume of goods shipped, works performed, services for enterprises of various categories: for all enterprises in the region, industrial enterprises, as well as small enterprises. All regions of the Russian Federation participate in the analysis. The analysis period is 2009 – 2021 for small enterprises and 2010 – 2022 for industrial enterprises. A comparative analysis of the share of innovative products produced in different federal districts of the Russian Federation was carried out, and constant characteristic features of individual regions were identified. In terms of the share of innovative products of industrial enterprises, the Volga Federal District is constantly in the lead, within which the Republic of Mordovia and the Republic of Tatarstan have the highest values of the indicator for the period under study. In terms of the share of innovative products of small enterprises, various federal districts and various regions within the districts became leaders in different years. Small enterprises do not demonstrate constant stable values of the share of innovative goods and individual «spikes» are explained by one-time investment investments that increased the studied indicator in a particular year. For the purpose of comparative analysis, statistical characteristics were used: mathematical expectation, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. The study revealed the dominance of the share of innovative products produced by industrial enterprises compared to small enterprises, and also determined the general property of the ratio of the share of innovative products produced by industrial and small enterprises, inherent in most regions of the Russian Federation.
Elements and criteria for assessing state regional policy
Authors: Gorky Artyom S.
Published: July 2024

The article critically examines various scientific views on the definition of regional policy; emphasizes the importance of achieving a balance between economic and social factors of regional development; the main goal of regional policy is defined as the creation of a sustainable and competitive economy in each region; regional politics is recognized as a multifaceted and complex phenomenon operating at several levels. In this regard, structural and functional blocks of regional policy are identified, which include: a territorial-functional block that describes the spatial aspects of regional policy and involves the distribution of resources and measures based on specific territorial units or territories; the sectoral-functional block focuses on specific sectors of the economy or specific policy areas and aims to solve sectoral problems or opportunities in the regions; the functional-implementation block is oriented and concentrated on the functional aspects of regional policy, including planning, coordination and implementation mechanisms; the functional-typological block is focused on the classification and categorization of regions based on their specific characteristics or typologies and includes the identification and analysis of various types of regions; the article emphasizes the importance of assessing the effectiveness of regional policy as a criterion for selecting viable options for socio-economic progress in a given region. Elements of evaluation are examined, including evaluation of the implementation process, evaluation of consequences, evaluation of results, evaluation of economic efficiency, evaluation of citizen satisfaction, evaluation of tools of policy implementation methods and evaluation criteria including: effectiveness, simple effectiveness, correctness, popularity, fairness; various approaches to assessing the effectiveness of regional policies are considered, their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted; it is argued that regional policy must ensure a balance between economic and social aspects to achieve sustainable development by balancing economic and social aspects; it is assumed that a comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness of regional policy involves an assessment of the results achieved in relation to the set goals, costs and alternative options; principles for managing the evaluation mechanism are presented; In addition, the study reveals specific elements of the evaluation mechanism.
Model of a regional innovation system based on innovative network structures
Authors: Milyukov Aleksey A.
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the contributing and constraining factors for the development of clusters; substantiates the model of the regional innovation system, taking into account the cluster-network approach; details inadequate network approach strategies where the strategy may not be aligned among different stakeholders, lack of focus and direction, insufficient support for plan implementation due to lack of funding, strategy inflexibility and inability to adapt to changing circumstances; lack of methodologies and indicators to measure progress and success, without which it can be difficult to assess the effectiveness of the strategy. The basic principles of the regional network structure are analyzed: the principle of sustainability emphasizes the need to create this structure, the principle of proportionality implies the maximum use of available resources with minimal losses, balance allows you to achieve a balance between competing interests in the development of the network structure. The organizational structure of the socio-economic system and its principles are studied: vertical alignment of links ensures effective coordination of the network system, horizontal network integration of the elements of the network system emphasizes the importance of the interconnection of all elements of the system, rational formation of interconnections, redistribution of resources within the system depending on needs and efficiency; the factors influencing the functioning of the network structure model are identified: the development of public administration system and business structures, the implementation of a multi-channel system of resource provision, the creation of a unified information system, the training of specialists in strategic management. The requirements for the model of the regional innovation system are formulated: the model should identify the main stakeholders involved in the regional innovation system, mapping of innovation clusters, the model should promote the development of cooperation relations between the participants of the innovation system, the model should take into account the technological infrastructure necessary to support innovation, the model should take into account policies and programs needed to support the regional innovation system, the model should include a system for evaluating its effectiveness and adapting to changes in the innovation ecosystem; reveals the stages of implementation of the network management model at the regional level; the main functions of innovative network clusters are investigated, the types of management structures for innovative network clusters are identified.
Algorithm for combining automated trading systems to jointly achieve the target result
Authors: Plotnikov Arkadiy P. , Shishlov Roman A.
Published: July 2024

Automated trading systems (trading robots) used to make transactions in financial markets do not always provide stable results. The article proposes a universal algorithm that provides a high ratio of profitability and risk in the automatic management of an investment portfolio. The algorithm involves dividing the investment portfolio into several parts, each of which is controlled by an individual trading robot. Each robot gets to manage a part of the investment portfolio, the size of which is calculated according to the chosen method. The rapid automatic adjustment of the size of these parts in accordance with the change in the performance of each robot allows you to achieve a consistently high ratio of profitability and risk of the entire investment portfolio. As concrete examples of the possible implementation of the algorithm, a method for adjusting the shares of the investment portfolio under the control of individual robots in proportion to the effectiveness of each robot and a method for adjusting the shares of the investment portfolio based on nonlinear programming are described. The versatility of the algorithm makes it possible to further supplement and replace these methods and the criteria used for evaluating performance. The article emphasizes that in addition to the result of investments, the use of the algorithm helps to increase the liquidity of investment assets traded on the stock exchange, increases the receipt of taxes, exchange fees and commissions, simplifies calculations, increases the speed of decision-making, increases the number of transactions made in financial markets, which helps bring the latter closer to the state of efficiency, and the improvement of methods for adjusting portfolio shares can make a significant contribution to theoretical research on automatic trading in financial markets and the management of diversified investment portfolios. The algorithm presented in this paper can be used as an instruction for the development of MVP software for combining trading robots to jointly achieve a common target result in managing an investment portfolio. The algorithm is a step-by-step description of the key use case for adjusting the shares of the investment portfolio, which is supplemented for greater clarity with diagrams of use cases and activities performed in UML 2.0 notation.
Comparative dynamics of construction organization indicators of the Russian Federation and regional companies
Authors: Trusova Alla Yu.
Published: July 2024

The construction industry is always the most important lever in the development of the economic level of the country, regions, and settlements of various sizes. The construction sector ensures positive dynamics of economic progress and ensures increased employment of citizens. Continuous changes in the economic situation require constant study of key indicators that determine the development of the industry. It is relevant to regularly monitor the indicators of the construction sector of the economy with subsequent forecasting of the development of the industry as a whole and individual companies. The work used the methodology of trend and adaptive forecasting models; assessment of the model parameters of key construction indicators made it possible to calculate forecast levels. Particular attention is paid to adaptive forecasting models and consideration of their ability to adapt to changes in current values and automatically update forecasts based on the latest observations. This is especially useful in situations where the data has trends, seasonality, or other systematic changes over time. Adaptive models allow you to take these factors into account and evaluate the forecast with greater accuracy. The results of the study are useful for making decisions in the field of construction, as well as for developing plans for further study of the development strategy of the construction industry of the Samara region, the Volga Federal District and the Grad-Invest company. The work examines a wide range of issues, in particular, it notes the scale of development of indicators in the construction sector in the Russian Federation, in the Samara region and a single company, modeling the dynamics of selected indicators and assessing their forecast. The data for the work are statistical indicators selected from the annual final reports of construction activities in the Russian Federation and Grad-Invest LLC.
Mind rebalancing as a factor in ensuring the efficiency of innovatively active enterprises development
Authors: Vasyaycheva Vera A.
Published: July 2024

Innovation activity is a key element of ensuring technological sovereignty and increasing the competitiveness of the national economy. Personnel security is the main factor in the success of innovative growth of economic entities. A scientifically based approach to the comprehensive development of personnel competencies is the key to the sustainable functioning of innovation-active enterprises. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the relevance of the use of mind rebalancing in the personnel development system and to develop a modular structure for its implementation to ensure the efficiency of innovative activities of enterprises and accelerate their innovative development. In the process of achieving this goal, methods of scientific knowledge were used: dialectical, analysis and synthesis. Based on the results of the study, a modular structure of mind rebalancing was developed, in contrast to the existing ones, which helps to stabilize the personnel security of enterprises and creates a platform for the balanced use of intellectual resources in conditions of innovative changes and increased emotional tension. Scientific conclusions and proposals are of high importance for the development of theoretical and methodological provisions of the theory of innovation, management of personnel security and personnel risks in order to ensure the economic and innovative growth of innovatively active enterprises of the Russian Federation. The study is based on modern works of leading domestic and foreign economists. Mind rebalancing creates a platform for the sustainable functioning of domestic innovation-active enterprises in conditions of global economic turbulence. The author has determined the vector of their development to ensure effective implementation of the mission and achievement of strategic goals.
Jaime Breilh na UNIFESP: saúde dos povos e o pensamento metacrítico
Authors: Goulart Patrícia Martins , Bichara Tatiana Alves Cordaro , Ramalho Simone Aparecida
Published: July 2024

A conferência de Jaime Breilh em maio de 2021 foi um encontro potencializador do caminho de resistência percorrido pelo Eixo de Trabalho e Saúde do Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade do campus da Baixada Santista da Unifesp, em meio à pandemia de Covid 19 e a um governo negacionista de extrema direita no Brasil. A afirmação de seus valores éticos e políticos nutriu essa produção coletiva que divulga e homenageia a qualidade científica e sobretudo humana de Breilh. Como música muito bem orquestrada, ressalta-se na composição do livro a excelente capacidade técnica e afetiva das organizadoras (Dina Czeresnia).
Local Wisdom in Sebambangan Traditional Marriage Practices: A Maqāṣid Sharī’ah Perspective
Authors: Zulkarnain  , Habib Iman Nurdin Sholeh  , Ahmad Zaenul Muttaqin
Published: July 2024

This research examines the traditional marriage custom of Sebambangan in Lampung. It involves a man abducting the girl he intends to marry without the consent of her family and taking her to his family's residence. This socio-legal research gathered data through interviews with traditional leaders, indigenous community members, and religious figures. Maqāṣid Sharī’ah is used as an analytical tool to address the social problems arising from the practice of Sebambangan marriage. The finding reveals that Lampung culture and Islam have been acculturated into the social system. The traditional marriage system in Lampung can be divided into two types: marriage through a formal proposal process, which is conducted as a grand traditional ceremony (gawei besar) or a simpler traditional ceremony (gawei kecil), and marriage without a formal proposal process, known as kawin larian (elopement), or in Lampung terms, kawin Sebambangan. It is part of the local cultural wealth; however, the series of traditional marriage processes must respect the applicable legal provisions and consider the main purpose of marriage. The Sebambangan marriage tradition, with its various processes, currently lacks the value aspects found in maqāṣid sharī’ah, especially the preferences of hifẓ an-nafs, hifẓ al-‘aql, and hifẓ al-‘irdh. It is hoped that the Sebambangan tradition, as a local cultural and wisdom asset in Lampung, can pay more attention to and consider important aspects of marriage, such as the maslahah (well-being) value, the main purpose of marriage in religion, and the protection of a sense of justice, so that local wisdom can be preserved and does not become a social problem for the community. This research is expected to serve as a reference for stakeholders to evaluate and oversee the practice of cultural preservation in harmony with universal values, such as well-being and justice
Determination of residual capacity of lithium-fluorocarbon batteries for cardioelectronics
Authors: Fateev S. A. ,   Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Frantsev N. N. , Efimov O. N. , Lyubanter G. A. , Frantsev D. N. ,   JSC NPO Medistok,   Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of RAS,   Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of RAS,   AN Experimental Plant
Published: July 2024

A pulse method at which a tested chemical power source is discharged by a pulse generated by constant current of special shape, and voltage on a cell is measured before and after pulse action has been developed to determine the degree of dicharge of chemical power sources. The degree of dicharge of a chemical power source is determined using a specially developed algorithm from the values of these voltages and other electrical parameters calculated. An «OSA« portable analyzer has been desinged and fabricated in which the developed algorithm for the determination of the degree of discharge of a chemical power source is laid. This method and the analyzer are successfully used to control power sources of ВР series for implantable cardiostimulators.
A Method Optimization Study for Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination of Nickel Content in Meclizine Hydrochloride
Authors: Gaddey Pridhvi Krishna , Sundararajan Raja
Published: July 2024

Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements. Their widespread distribution in the environment has raised questions about their possible consequences on both human health and the environment. So, the toxicological and safety assessment of these heavy metals is one of the major issues in recent days. An accurate method for the determination of nickel in bulk drugs was required due to its high toxicity risk. The aim of the current study was to develop a validated analytical technique for the determination of nickel content in bulk drugs using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The wavelength was 232 nm, and the integration duration was 5.0 seconds. It was determined that the detection and quantification limits were 0.051 mg/L and 0.15 mg/L, respectively. The recovery rates for nickel concentrations spiked by 50%, 100%, and 150% in meclizine hydrochloride were determined to be 109.33%, 96.5%, and 97.55%, respectively. The status of heavy metals and trace elements in bulk drugs were discussed in this article, along with an easy-to-use AAS approach that can be applied at the industrial level to ensure the quality and uniformity of bulk medications and other related products.
Learners’ Linguistic Alignment and Physiological Synchrony
Authors: Lämsä Joni , Edwards Justin , Haataja Eetu , Sobocinski Marta , Peña Paola , Nguyen Andy , Järvelä Sanna
Published: July 2024

The theory of socially shared regulation of learning (SSRL) suggests that successful collaborative groups can identify and respond to trigger events stemming from cognitive or emotional obstacles in learning. Thus, to develop real-time support for SSRL, novel metrics are needed to identify different types of trigger events that invite SSRL. Our aim was to apply two metrics derived from different data streams to study how trigger events for SSRL shaped group linguistic alignment (based on audio data) and physiological synchrony (based on electrodermal activity data). The data came from six groups of students (N = 18) as they worked face-to-face on a collaborative learning task with one cognitive and two emotional trigger events. We found that the cognitive trigger event increased linguistic alignment in task-description words and led to physiological out-of-synchrony. The emotional trigger events decreased out-of-synchrony and increased high-arousal synchrony at the physiological level but did not affect linguistic alignment. Therefore, different metrics for studying markers and responses to different types of trigger events are needed, suggesting the necessity for multimodal learning analytics to support collaborative learning.
Following the Impact Chain of the LA Cockpit
Authors: Karademir Onur , Borgards Lena , Di Mitri Daniele , Strauß Sebastian , Kubsch Marcus , Brobeil Markus , Grimm Adrian , Gombert Sebastian , Rummel Nikol , Neumann Knut , Drachsler Hendrik
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a teacher dashboard intervention study in secondary school practice involving teachers (n = 16) with their classes (n = 22) and students (n = 403). A quasi-experimental treatment-control group design was implemented to compare student learning outcomes between classrooms where teachers did not have access to the dashboard and classrooms where teachers had access to the dashboard. We examined different points in the impact chain of the “LA Cockpit,” a teacher dashboard with a feedback system through which teachers can send feedback to their students on student learning. To investigate this impact chain from teacher use of dashboards to student learning, we analyzed 1) teachers’ perceived technology acceptance of the LA Cockpit, 2) teacher feedback practices using the LA Cockpit, and 3) student knowledge gains as measured by pre- and post-tests. The analysis of n = 355 feedback messages sent by teachers through the LA Cockpit revealed that the dashboard assists teachers in identifying students facing difficulties and that teachers mostly provided process feedback, which is known to be effective for student learning. For student learning, significantly higher knowledge gains were found in the teacher dashboard condition compared to the control condition.
Bio-efficacy of Sorghum Extract and Herbicide on Weed Dynamics and Productivity of Wheat in Western Rajasthan
Authors: Kikraliya Devi Lal , Shukla U.N. , Mehriya M.L. , Kumar Anuj , Bijarnia K.K.
Published: July 2024

Background: Integrated application of sorghum extract along with herbicides are viable option for reducing herbicidal dose and their effect in soil and plant. This led to reduce environmental pollution as well as check the growth of weeds in the crop without having detreating effect on crop. Therefore, an integrated approaches involving botanicals conjunctive with herbicide will be the alternatives to reduce post-effects of herbicide. an it is Sorgoleone is the allelochemicals which is present in sorghum and having potential to suppress the growth of weeds at early stage by checking water and nutrient absorption. The basic aim of the study to calibrate the potential of sorghum extract on weed suppression as well as to reduce the quantity of herbicides in wheat crop. Methods: A field experiment entitled “Bio-efficacy of sorghum extract and herbicide on weed dynamics and productivity of wheat in western Rajasthan” was conducted at Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) during rabi season of 2021-22. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design replicated thrice and comprised of eleven treatments of weed management practices. Result: Sequential application of sorghum extract (1:3) + ready-mix of clodinafop + metsulfuron 64 g/ha as post-emergence was found to be the most effective in controlling weeds which led to significant reduction in weed density and weed dry weight with highest weed control efficiency showed significant superiority over all treatments.
Predictors and etiology of in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Hoang T. H. , Maiskov V. V. , Merai I. A. , Kobalava Z. D.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To identify factors and develop a clinical risk model (nomogram) for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after timely early invasive diagnosis and revascularization of infarct-related artery (IRA).

Material and methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center observational study that included 712 consecutive patients with AMI [median age 65 (interquartile range 56-74 years), 61% were male, 47.8% with ST-elevation] who underwent coronary angiography <24 hours after symptom onset and successful endovascular revascularization of IRA. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent prognostic risk factors for in-hospital mortality. Based on the multivariate analysis, a nomogram was developed to predict outcome. The discriminative ability of the nomogram was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results. The in-hospital mortality rate was 5.06%. The most common cause of in-hospital mortality was acute heart failure (AHF, 75%), followed by myocardial rupture with cardiac tamponade (11.1%). Multivariate analysis revealed that age (odds ratio (OR) 1.07, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.01-1.14, p=0.027), Killip class (OR 2.95, 95% CI 1.67-5.23, p<0.001), hemoglobin at admission (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99, p=0.006), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤36% (OR 8.87, 95% CI 2.95-26.69, p<0.001), were independent predictors of adverse outcome. The identified predictors were included a nomogram, which demonstrated excellent discrimination in predicting in-hospital mortality (area under the ROC curve = 0.949, 95% CI: 0.925-0.972, p<0.001, sensitivity: 91.3%, specificity: 89.9%) and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, p=0.93).

Conclusions. Age, hemoglobin at admission, Killip class and left ventricular ejection fraction were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in acute MI. The most common etiology of in-hospital mortality was AHF. The nomogram for prediction of in-hospital mortality demonstrated high prognostic potential, allowing for the identification of patients at high-risk of adverse outcome, and targeted therapeutic strategies may be needed to improve the survival of patients with acute MI.
Digital model for predicting the risk of developing acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Lebedeva N. B. , Egle A. P. , Argunova Yu. A. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: July 2024

Aim. Development and external validation of a risk prediction model for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction.

Material and methods. The model development group was represented by patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) included in a registry observational study from 2015 to 2019, a total of 260 patients, age 59 (53; 66) years, 214 (82.3%) — men. External validation of the model was carried out in a cohort of independent prospective observation of 94 patients with HFrEF from the same registry for the period from 2020 to 2021, median age 66 (52;73) years, of which 73 (77.6%) were men. The prospective follow-up period was 4.6 (2.3; 4.9) years in the internal validation group, 2.5 (1.7; 2.9) years in the external validation group. Data were obtained on the status of patients, causes of death, and the frequency of hospitalizations for ADHF. The actual and predicted incidence of ADHF using the evaluated prognostic model was compared.

Results. During the observation period in the internal validation group, ADHF developed in 69 (26.5%) patients, and 47 (18.1%) died due to ADHF. The prognostic regression model included LA enlargement of more than 45 mm, male gender, left ventricular ejection fraction less than 35%, absence of renin-angiotensin system blocker and amiodarone. When performing ROC analysis, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the created model was 0.8, sensitivity model — 69.2%, specificity — 80%, accuracy — 75.3%. In the external validation group, 34 (36.2%) cases of ADHF were registered; mortality from ADHF in the external validation group was 15.9%, which is comparable to the development group (p > 0.05). The diagnostic value of the developed model during external validation showed to be high and was comparable to the results obtained in the development group: the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.8, sensitivity — 73.3%, specificity — 82.5%, accuracy 76.1%, (p=0.102, McNeil test).

Conclusion. The developed regression model has sufficient statistical power to predict the risk of ADHF in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction in the long term, which is confirmed by external validation.