bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legality as a Theoretical and Legal Category (Meta-Phenomenal Analysis)
Authors: Лапшин В.Е. , Шаханов В.В.
Published: June 2022

Категория «законность» воспринимается как что-то обыденное, давно изученное, не нуждающееся в переосмыслении. Такая поверхностная позиция не отражает современной политико-правовой действительности. Правовые категории должны постоянно проходить проверку временем, быть восприимчивыми к парадигмальным изменениям, отвечать насущным потребностям юридической науки. Постклассическая методология, открывая новые исследовательские возможности, должна быть привязана к структуре научного знания, а правовые категории должны занимать строго определенные позиции в дисциплинарной матрице. В качестве механизма калибровки системы правовых категорий предлагается использование метафеноменального анализа. Категория «законность» рассматривается во взаимосвязи не только с ее общепризнанной парной категорией «правопорядок», но и с категориями «законный интерес», «конституционность», а также сквозь призму этнокультурных особенностей.

The category “legality” is perceived as something ordinary, studied for a long time, not requiring rethinking. Such a superficial position does not reflect the current political and legal reality. Legal categories should constantly pass the test of time, be receptive to paradigm changes, and meet urgent needs of legal science. The postclassical methodology, opening up new research opportunities, should be tied to the structure of scientific knowledge, while legal categories should occupy strictly defined positions in the disciplinary matrix. The use of meta-phenomenal analysis is proposed as a mechanism for calibrating the system of legal categories. The category “legality” is considered not only in relation to its generally recognized paired category “law and order”, but with regard to categories “legitimate interest”, “constitutionality”, as well as through the prism of ethnic-cultural features.
Topical Issues of Legal Regulation of Marriage with Persons Serving Sentences in Places of Deprivation of Liberty
Authors: Онищенко И.С.
Published: June 2022

В статье анализируются особенности заключения брака с осужденными к лишению свободы, обусловленные изолированностью этих лиц от социума, отсутствием у них возможности явиться в орган ЗАГСа или многофункциональный центр предоставления государственных и муниципальных услуг для подачи совместного заявления. Уделено внимание изучению проблемных моментов заключения брака с лицами, осужденными к лишению свободы, раскрыты случаи, при которых заключение такого брака недопустимо. Автор обосновывает необходимость проведения воспитательной работы с осужденными перед регистрацией брака с целью воспрепятствовать заключению браков, которые не направлены на создание семьи и впоследствии могут быть признаны недействительными. Подчеркивается важность обеспечения условий для образования семьи в местах лишения свободы, так как это создает предпосылки не только для изменения социального статуса осужденного, но и для трансформации его поведения. Порядок осуществления осужденными к лишению свободы брачных отношений предлагается выделить в отдельный нормативный правовой акт либо регламентировать в действующем законодательстве
Problems to Implement International Standards in Domestic Penal Enforcement Legislation and Practice of Their Application
Authors: Одинцова Л.Н. , Пушкарева И.А. , Демчук Д.А.
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена рассмотрению некоторых существующих сегодня проблем закрепления норм международного права в национальном законодательстве. Особое внимание уделяется уголовному и уголовно-исполнительному законодательствам как отраслям, наиболее не соответствующим международным актам. Констатируется и рассматривается на примерах принципа демократизма и наказания в виде смертной казни наличие противоречий и несоответствий уголовно-исполнительного законодательства международным нормам. Перечисляются нормативные правовые акты, разработанные и принятые Российской Федерацией в отношении исполнения уголовных наказаний, имеющие отсылку к международным нормам и реализованные в законе. Авторы приходят к выводу, что активное применение международных правовых стандартов российской пенитенциарной системой не исключает проблем в их практической реализации. На основе этого предлагается ряд мер по разрешению последних, отмечаются положительные моменты взаимодействия международных стандартов и национального законодательства.

The article is devoted to consideration of some existing problems to fix norms of international law in national legislation. Special attention is paid to criminal and criminal-executive legislation as the branches most inconsistent with international acts. The case study of the principle of democracy and punishment in the form of death penalty proves existence of contradictions and inconsistencies between penal legislation and international norms. The article presents normative legal acts developed and adopted by the Russian Federation in relation to execution of criminal penalties, which have a reference to international norms and implemented in the domestic penal law. The authors conclude that active application of international legal standards by the Russian penitentiary system, however, has problems of their practical implementation. So, a number of measures to resolve them are proposed, positive aspects of the interaction of international standards and national legislation are noted.
Electronic Systems Used in the Management of Investigative Bodies
Authors: Бурынин С.С.
Published: June 2022

В статье дается анализ применения электронных систем, в частности программных комплексов, в деятельности по управлению следственными органами Следственного комитета Российской Федерации. Делается вывод о необходимости создания программного обеспечения с использованием технологий искусственного интеллекта в целях управления следственными органами

The article analyzes electronic systems, in particular, software systems, used in the management of investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion about the necessity to create software with the help of artificial intelligence technologies in order to manage investigative bodies.
Conceptual, Strategic and Doctrinal Basis of Legislative Counteraction to Extremism-Related Crimes Committed with the Help of Information and Telecommunication Networks in the Russian Federation
Authors: Бычков В.В.
Published: June 2022

В статье рассматриваются отечественные концептуальные, стратегические и доктринальные акты, касающиеся противодействия преступлениям экстремистской направленности, совершенным с использованием информационно-телекоммуникационных сетей, в том числе сети Интернет, представлены государственная система взглядов на экстремистскую деятельность, планы на определенные периоды времени и способы борьбы с экстремизмом в стране, руководящий правовой принцип в данной сфере, выраженный в информационной доктрине. Приводятся статистические данные по преступлениям экстремистской направленности, в том числе с использованием компьютерных и телекоммуникационных технологий

The article considers domestic conceptual, strategic and doctrinal acts on countering extremism-related crimes committed with the help of information and telecommunications networks, including the Internet, presents the state system of views on extremist activity, plans for certain periods of time and ways to combat extremism in the country, and the guiding legal principle in this area, provided for in the information doctrine. Statistical data on extremism-related crimes, including those involving the use of computer and telecommunication technologies, are provided
Using Operational Information during Interrogation (in terms of Identified Circumstances that Contributed to Crime Commission in Penitentiary Institutions)
Authors: Нуждин А.А.
Published: June 2022

В статье проведен анализ оперативной информации, используемой при допросе участников уголовного судопроизводства в процессе расследования и предупреждения пенитенциарных преступлений. На основании данных официальной ведомственной статистической отчетности, результатов опроса должностных лиц органов предварительного расследования, изучения материалов уголовных дел показана актуальность и необходимость выявления обстоятельств, способствовавших совершению пенитенциарных преступлений, посредством допроса. Рассматриваются понятие и значение оперативной информации, показаны ее отличия от оперативно-розыскной информации. Проведен анализ применения оперативной информации при производстве отдельных следственных действий, в частности допроса. Определена эффективность использования оперативной информации с целью выявления обстоятельств, способствовавших совершению пенитенциарных преступлений, дана ее классификация. Сделан вывод о возможности применения оперативной информации не только при допросе, но и в процессе производства иных процессуальных действий в рамках всего расследования

The article analyzes the operational information used during interrogation of participants in criminal proceedings in the process of investigation and prevention of crime commission in penitentiary institutions. Based on the data of official departmental statistical reports, results of the survey of officials of the preliminary investigation bodies and the study of criminal case materials, the relevance and necessity of identifying the circumstances that contributed to the commission of crimes in penitentiary institutions through interrogation is shown. The concept and meaning of operational information are considered, its differences from operational-search information are shown. The analysis of the use of operational information in production of individual investigative actions, in particular interrogation, is carried out. Effectiveness of the use of operational information in order to identify the circumstances that contributed to the crime commission in penitentiary institutions is determined, its classification is given. The conclusion is made about the possibility of using operational information not only during interrogation, but also during production of other procedural actions in the framework of the entire investigation
Relações líquidas: sobre a fragilidade dos laços afetivos na atualidade
Authors: Bedê Isabelle Aguiar Paiva , De Carvalho Ângela Julita Leitão , Machado Juliana de Andrade Teófilo
Published: June 2022

A questão central desta pesquisa é investigar as configurações de relações amorosas na atualidade e a forma através da qual tais relações vêm sendo moldadas em uma sociedade u li qu i da", marcada pela pressa, por relações socia is fugidias, pela crescente individualização e virtual i dade nas comunicações. Na esteira dessa discussão, examinamos , também, possíveis ligações entre o "mundo do trabalho " e o universo das relações afetivas . Para além destes aspectos , sublinha-se as consequências da chamada Revolução Sexual e de Costumes, através da qual as mulheres obtiveram ganhos, n otadamente em relação à autonomia e à liberdade sexual. Os dados estatisticos referentes aos Censos de 1980 e de 201O nos revelam que, entre os anos de 1984 e 2010, o numero de divórcios aumentou cerca de 4 vezes. Se em 1984 a cada mil brasileiros 5 se separavam , em 2010 esse número subiu para algo em torno de 18. Observa-se que a supressão dos prazos em relação à separação fez com que a taxa geral de divórcio atingisse o seu maior valor, 1,8%. Vê-se , portanto, que a cada época em que ocorreram alterações na legislação sobre divórcios houve elevação das taxas. Já a cidade de Fortaleza nos apresenta um quadro diferente do restante do Brasil. No último censo houve um aumento do número de casamentos e uma diminuição no número de divórcios. Ou seja, os casais tendem a se separar menos. Podemos constatar esta tendência nas respostas de nossos entrevi stados: a despeito de reconhecerem as dificuldades presentes numa relação a dois, decidem permanecer no casamento .
Actividad física en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas: lo que deben saber el doctor y su paciente
Authors: Rheumatology PANLAR Global
Published: June 2022

Hoy en Un Café por la Reumatología hablaremos con expertos en el área de la reumatología y deportología para discutir alrededor de este tipo de manejo farmacológico.
Atividade física em pacientes com doenças reumáticas: o que o médico e seu paciente devem saber
Authors: Rheumatology PANLAR Global
Published: June 2022

Hoje em Un Cafè por la Reumatologìa vamos falar com especialistas na área da reumatologia e ciências do desporto para discutir este tipo de gestão farmacológica.
DYNAMIC MODEL OF A HORIZONTAL PLANETARY MILL
Authors:   Belarusian State Technological University, KHVES’KO Gennadiy M. , VAITEKHOVICH Petr E. ,   Belarusian State Technological University, BOROVSKIY Denis N. ,   Belarusian State Technological University
Published: June 2022

Issues are considered that are associated with the determination of dynamic loads encountered in moving units of the planetary mill. A horizontal planetary mill was chosen for compiling a dynamic model, as it has a great potential for organizing a closed grinding cycle with continuous loading and unloading of material. Calculation schemes were drawn up in moving units at the moments of the beginning of its operation and the steady movement of the grinding drums. Using the d’Alembert principle, taking into account the geometric parameters of the grinding unit, the reduced moments of inertia and moments of forces, as well as the acceleration time from a state of rest until the carrier reached a steady angular velocity, were determined. From the condition of equality of the power of the reduced moment of forces acting on the link of reduction, and the power of all forces and moments applied to the links of the planetary mill, the initial torque applied to the carrier was determined, which is necessary in the future to determine the power expended both at the moment of starting the mill, and at the time of its stable operation. It is shown that the initial torque depends on the value of the initial angular acceleration, which, in turn, can be different depending on the accepted law for changing the angular acceleration and the acceleration time to the required angular velocity of steady motion. It is also indicated that during the start-up period, the power supplied to the mill is spent on accelerating the rotation of the leading link and on overcoming various resistances such as friction forces in the units of the carrier and grinding drums.
Anatomía de la escritura (2018) de Kyra Galván
Authors: Añorve Ma de los Ángeles Silvina Manzano
Published: June 2022

Kyra Galván (CDMX, 1956) es una de las escritoras mexicanas  mas  representativa de la generación nacida en los 50s, ha estudiado con pasión y profesionalismo poesía, fotografía e historia del arte además de ser una experta traductora. La autora cuenta con una larga trayectoria con mas de una docena de libros publicados en donde con gran fluidez logra incursionar en el periodismo, la narrativa, la poesía, el ensayo y la docencia. En este ensayo analizaremos particularmente su mas reciente poemario de largo aliento Anatomía de la escritura que representa la obra de la época de madurez creativa. La anatomía de la escritura goza de una gran resonancia universal, cósmica, y da cuenta de una larga travesía de la palabra por diversas culturas utilizando una prosa pulcra de artesana que obliga a leer en voz alta para escuchar la cadencia y el ritmo contenidos en este portentoso poemario. El poemario de Kyra Galván es una espiral que viaja como tornado ante los ojos de la humanidad como un canto que anuncia la historia de las palabras.
La plataforma Moodle para potenciar el aprendizaje de la asignatura Estática y Rotación del Sólido en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Camacho Levy Noé Inzunza , Lemus José Alberto Alvarado , Román José Manuel Mendoza
Published: June 2022

Con la nueva normalidad, que nos enfrentamos, debido a la propagación de la pandemia (SARS-CoV-2), la educación virtual se ha convertido en la modalidad primordial del aprendizaje, que utiliza como medios principales: conversaciones en tiempo real, correo electrónico, sistemas multimedia, entre otros. El presente trabajo muestra un estudio realizado a los estudiantes de la preparatoria Hermanos Flores Magón de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, de la fase fisicomatemática, con la finalidad de conocer el aprendizaje que adquieren con clases impartidas mediante la plataforma virtual Moodle. Se encuestó a 40 estudiantes, siendo la primera vez que estos interactúan bajo esta modalidad, y utilizan una plataforma virtud. Según la encuesta, 75 % quedó conforme, y pudo adaptarse bien a la modalidad virtual, mientras que el 25 % presentan inconformidades y tiene dificultad en el manejo de la plataforma, por lo que su aprendizaje se debe de fortalecer. La encuesta aplicada consistió en un total de 5 preguntas.
Effects of Collaborative Learning on Young ESL Learners’ L2 Anxiety and Speaking Performance
Authors: Ha Thi Yen Nhi , Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc , Nguyen Ngoc Lynh Dan , Tran Trung Nghia
Published: June 2022

Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA) is one of the issues of interest attracting researchers in recent decades. However, while collaborative learning introduced a prospective tool for FLA, it has not been much researched in the L2 classroom context, particularly in Vietnam. This paper focuses on using collaborative learning to reduce foreign language anxiety and enhance the L2 speaking performance of young learners at an English center in Ho Chi Minh City. A combination of tools, including Aydin et al.’s (2017) Children Foreign Language Anxiety Scale (CFLAS) for the pre-tests and post-tests, the teacher’s diary, and follow-up interviews, was used to measure the changes in learner’ FLA level and speaking performance. After five-week implementations, these learners’ FLA was slightly alleviated, and their speaking performance was improved using a collaborative learning approach. Moreover, learners were found to have positive attitudes and experience with learning in the new approach. These findings implied that collaborative learning could be a potential treatment to help L2 learners uncover their anxious selves and find more confidence in using the target language
Biological Reconstruction for Children with Osteosarcoma Around the Knee
Authors: Puhaindran Mark E , Pho Robert WH
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Limb salvage in children with primary malignant bone tumours around the knee is challenging, with considerations such as shortening, bone and joint remodeling and high functional demands of active children. The ultimate aim for reconstruction is restoring a stable, painless and mobile joint. With improved survival rates from chemotherapy, reconstructive techniques should ideally last the child’s lifespan. We adopted a biological approach by preserving the patients’ native joint, with bony defects bridged by fibula grafts supplemented by autoclaved bone grafts infused with bone marrow. We conducted this retrospective review to determine if we were able to meet our objectives of reconstruction. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of children with osteogenic sarcoma involving the distal femur or proximal tibia treated at our institution was done. Patients aged 13 years and below at the time of surgery who had undergone a limb salvage procedure that preserved the knee joint were included. Results: Nine patients were identified, 3 males and 6 females. The average age was 10.0 years (range, 7 to 13 years) at the time of surgery. Seven had tumours involving the distal femur while 2 had tumours involving the proximal tibia. There were no cases of local recurrence. Four of the 9 patients died from metastatic disease, the 5 surviving patients have no evidence of disease, and the average follow-up for survivors was 13.2 years. The average active range of motion for the knee joint was 96º (range, 50º to 130º). The average Musculoskeletal Tumour Society (MSTS) score was 26.3 (range, 23 to 30). Conclusion: We have observed this technique of limb salvage offers satisfactory limb function with long-term follow-up.

Keywords: Limb salvage, Malignant bone tumours
Hoarding in an Asian Population: Prevalence, Correlates, Disability and Quality of Life
Authors: Subramaniam Mythily , Abdin Edimansyah , Vaingankar Janhavi Ajit , Picco Louisa , Chong Siow Ann
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Hoarding is defined as the acquisition of, and inability to discard items even though they appear to others to have no value. The objectives of the study were to establish the prevalence of hoarding behaviour among the general population and among individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in a cross-sectional study conducted in Singapore. Materials and Methods: The Singapore Mental Health Study was a cross-sectional epidemiological survey of a nationally representative sample of residents aged 18 years or older, living in households. The diagnoses of mental disorders were established using Version 3.0 of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Differences between 3 groups i.e. those diagnosed with lifetime/12-month Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) OCD with hoarding, those diagnosed with lifetime/12-month DSM-IV OCD without hoarding and those with lifetime hoarding behaviour without diagnosis of DSM-IV OCD were determined. Results: The weighted prevalence of lifetime hoarding behaviour was 2% and that of hoarding among those with OCD was 22.6%. Those who met the criteria for hoarding behaviour alone were associated with lower odds of having obsessions of contamination, harming, ordering as well as compulsions of ordering and other compulsions than those who met criteria for both OCD and hoarding. Conclusion: Hoarders without OCD were less impaired, in terms of comorbid psychopathology, than those with OCD with and without hoarding, and had a higher quality of life versus those with both OCD and hoarding, though still lower than that of the general population.

Keywords: Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Singapore, Survey
Causes and Features of Erythroderma
Authors: Tan Grace FL , Kong Yan Ling , Tan Andy SL , Tey Hong Liang
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Erythroderma is a generalised inflammatory reaction of the skin secondary to a variety of causes. This retrospective study aims to characterise the features of erythroderma and identify the associated causes of this condition in our population. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the clinical, laboratory, histological and other disease-specific investigations of 225 inpatients and outpatients with erythroderma over a 7.5-year period between January 2005 and June 2012. Results: The most common causative factors were underlying dermatoses (68.9%), idiopathic causes (14.2%), drug reactions (10.7%), and malignancies (4.0%). When drugs and underlying dermatoses were excluded, malignancy-associated cases constituted 19.6% of the cases. Fifty-five percent of malignancies were solid-organ malignancies, which is much higher than those previously reported (0.0% to 25%). Endogenous eczema was the most common dermatoses (69.0%), while traditional medications (20.8%) and anti-tuberculous medications (16.7%) were commonly implicated drugs. In patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), skin biopsy was suggestive or diagnostic in all cases. A total of 52.4% of patients with drug-related erythroderma had eosinophilia on skin biopsy. Electrolyte abnormalities and renal impairment were seen in 26.2% and 16.9% of patients respectively. Relapse rate at 1-year was 17.8%, with no associated mortality. Conclusion: Our study highlights the significant proportion of malignancy-related erythroderma in those whom common underlying causes such as dermatoses and drugs have been excluded. In cases of drug-related erythroderma, traditional medications and antituberculous medications are common causes in our population. Renal impairment and electrolyte abnormalities are commonly seen and should be monitored in patients with erythroderma.

Key words: Cancer, Exfoliative, Malignancy
Antenatal Anxiety: Prevalence and Patterns in a Routine Obstetric Population
Authors: Chua Tze-Ern , Bautista Dianne Carrol , Tan Kok Hian , Yeo George , Chen Helen
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Expectant mothers may appear anxious even during healthy pregnancies. Unfortunately, little is known about antenatal anxiety, and affected women may remain undetected and untreated. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, incidence, course and associations of high state anxiety in routine obstetric care. Materials and Methods: This was an observational prospective cohort study at a large maternity unit. Obstetric outpatients with low-risk singleton pregnancies were recruited during first trimester consultations. Participants provided sociodemographic data and completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The STAI was re-administered at each subsequent trimester. Results: Prevalence and incidence of  high state anxiety among 634 completers were 29.5% (95% CI 25.6%-33.6%) and 13.9% (95% CI 9.9%-18.0%), respectively. Anxiety was persistent in 17.0% (95% CI 14.3%-20.2%) and transient in 26.3% (95% CI 23.1%-29.9%). Only persistently anxious participants had high mean second trimester state anxiety scores. Odds for anxiety of greater persistence increased by 29% (95% CI 24%-35%) per 1-point increase in first trimester depression scores, and decreased by 36% (95% CI 7%-56%) with tertiary education. Conclusion: Antenatal anxiety symptoms are common even in normal pregnancies, especially among women with depression and lower education. Our study indicates value in exploring diagnostic criteria and quantitative measures for antenatal anxiety.

Key words: Depression, Pregnancy, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
Triaging Primary Care Patients Referred for Chest Pain to Specialist Cardiology Centres: Efficacy of an Optimised Protocol
Authors: Tan Francine CL , Yap Jonathan , Allen John C , Tan Olivia , Tan Swee Yaw , Matchar David B , Chua Terrance SJ
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Patients referred for chest pain from primary care have increased, along with demand for outpatient cardiology consultations. We evaluated ‘Triage Protocol’ that implements standardised diagnostic testing prior to patients' first cardiology consultation. Materials and Methods: Under the ‘Triage Protocol’, patients referred for chest pain were pretriaged using a standardised algorithm and subsequently referred for relevant functional diagnostic cardiology tests before their initial cardiology consultation. At the initial cardiology consultation scheduled by the primary care provider, test results were reviewed. A total of 522 triage patients (mean age 55 ± 13, male 53%) were frequency-matched by age, gender and risk cohort to 289 control patients (mean age: 56 ± 11, male: 52%). Pretest risk of coronary artery disease was defined according to a Modified Duke Clinical Score (MDCS) as low (<10), intermediate (10-20) and high (>20). The primary outcome was time from referral to diagnosis (days). Secondary outcomes were total visits, discharge rate at first consultation, patient cost and adverse cardiac outcomes. Results: The ‘Triage Protocol’ resulted in shorter times from referral to diagnosis (46 vs 131 days; P <0.0001) and fewer total visits (2.4 vs 3.0; P <0.0001). However, triage patients in low-risk groups experienced higher costs due to increased testing (S$421 vs S$357, P = 0.003). Adverse cardiac event rates under the ‘Triage Protocol’ indicated no compromise to patient safety (triage vs control: 0.57% vs 0.35%; P = 1.000). Conclusion: By implementing diagnostic cardiac testing prior to patients' first specialist consultation, the ‘Triage Protocol’ expedited diagnosis and reduced subsequent visits across all risk groups in ambulatory chest pain patients.

Key words: Algorithm, Cardiac pain, Triage
Comparison of Formulae for Orotracheal Intubation Depth in the Paediatric Population
Authors: Pek Jen Heng , Tan Elizabeth MJ , Hao Ying , Ong Gene YK
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Multiple formulae have been proposed for calculating orotracheal depth for paediatric intubation. However, literature on the validation of these formulae in the emergency department setting is limited. Three methods described in the local Advanced Paediatric Life Support curriculum include the Broselow tape, endotracheal tube (ETT) size x 3, and the age-based formula of age divided by 2, add 12. We aimed to determine their accuracy. Materials and Methods: Patients with intubation performed in the Children’s Emergency from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2013 were included in this retrospective observational study. The depths of ETT placement based on the formulae were calculated from the actual depth of ETT. ETT position between T2 to T4 vertebral bodies of the chest radiograph was taken as the reference position for radiological accuracy. Results: ETT size x 3 has the highest accuracy of 76.5%, as compared to 67.9% for age-based formula and 63.5% for Broselow tape. When the formulae were inaccurate, Broselow tape often predicted a depth that was too shallow as compared to ETT size x 3 (P = 0.006) and age-based formula (P = 0.011). The accuracy of Broselow tape was not uniform across the age groups, with highest accuracy in patients 1 to 8 years old. ETT size x 3 had the highest accuracy in patients weighing more than 25 kg. Conclusion: ETT size x 3 was superior for determining orotracheal intubation depth but cannot preclude the confirmation of appropriate placement of ETT by auscultation and chest radiograph.

Key words: Airway management, Emergency, Resuscitation
Evaluation of Community-based Hypertension Control Programme in South Korea
Authors: Lim Sun Mi , Park Yoon Hyung , Jhang Won Gi , Kim Young Taek , Ahn Eun Mi , Kim Ga Hyun , Hwangbo Young
Published: June 2022

Introduction: This study was conducted to provide an overview of the community-based hypertension and diabetes control programme of 19 cities in Korea and to evaluate its effectiveness in controlling hypertension at the community level. Materials and Methods: In this longitudinal observational study, we analysed the data of 117,264 hypertensive patients aged ≥65 years old from the time of their first enrolment in July 2012 to October 2013 (up to their 2-year follow-up). Results: The hypertension control rate of 72.5% at the time of enrolment increased to 81.3% and 82.4% at 1 and 2 years after enrolment. Treatment continuity, completion of hypertension self-management education, and longer enrolment duration in the programme contributed to improvements in hypertension control rate. Conclusion: This programme was characterised by a public health-clinical partnership at the community level. Despite its simplicity, the programme was evaluated as a successful attempt to control hypertension among patients aged >65 years at the community level.

Key words: Health education, Participatory research, Public health-clinical partnership
Quality of Life across Mental Disorders in Psychiatric Outpatients
Authors: Sagayadevan Vathsala , Lee Siau Pheng , Ong Clarissa , Abdin Edimansyah , Chong Siow Ann , Subramaniam Mythily
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Literature has shown that individuals with various psychiatric disorders experience a lower quality of life (QoL). However, few have examined QoL across disorders. The current study explored differences in QoL and symptom severity across 4 psychiatric diagnostic groups: anxiety disorders (including obsessive compulsive disorder [OCD]), depressive disorders, schizophrenia, and pathological gambling. Materials and Methods: Data analysed was from a previous study that examined the prevalence of hoarding symptoms among outpatients (n = 500) in a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Singapore. Measures utilised included the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF). Sociodemographic information and details on type and number of comorbidities were also collected. Results: The depressive disorder group had the highest level of depressive and anxiety symptoms and the lowest QoL whereas; the schizophrenia group had the lowest level of depressive symptoms and the highest QoL. Age and employment status were the only sociodemographic correlates which were significantly associated with QoL. After controlling for sociodemographic factors, only the type of mental disorder was found to have a significant effect in explaining BAI, BDI-II and Q-LES-Q-SF. Conclusion: Findings offer insight in terms of the burden associated with the various disorders. Key words: Anxiety, Comorbid, Depression, Symptom severity
The Prevalence and Severity of Myopia among Suburban Schoolchildren in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Yo-Ping , Singh Avichandra , Lai Li-Ju
Published: June 2022

Introduction: We aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of   myopia in suburban schoolchildren. The refractive error, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and other ocular indices of 6069 schoolchildren (aged 6 to 15 years) from elementary and junior high schools in Chiayi County, Taiwan were examined in 2013-2015. Materials and Methods: Spherical equivalent (SE) was stratified into 4 categories: emmetropia, mild myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia for underlying analysis. Chi-squared (χ2) tests were used to determine significant associations between myopia and BCVA and age levels. To compare statistical significance among different age levels, P values of Bonferroni tests were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and correlation coefficient were calculated to assess the correlation between myopia and each ocular index. Results: The youngest subject diagnosed with myopia was a 7-year-old. Myopia had significant associations with both BCVA and age levels (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 2.553, 2.713 and -0.284, -0.248, respectively), under P <0.05. Among the calculated ROC values, BCVA had the highest area of 0.676 with myopia. This further confirmed that BCVA was highly correlated with myopia in schoolchildren. Other ocular indices like intraocular pressure (IOP), pupil distance, ocular alignments, or ocular height had ROC curves below 0.5 to myopia. Conclusion: This study concluded that the onset of myopia started earlier and progressively worsened with years of investigation among the suburban schoolchildren. Myopia had significant associations with BCVA and age levels. To effectively reduce the prevalence and severity of myopia, it is time to take actions on eye care education for suburban schoolchildren. Key words: Mean refractive index, Ocular condition, Visual acuity
Deliberate Self-Harm in Psychiatric Outpatients Aged 14-35 Years in Singapore
Authors: Shahwan Shazana , Abdin Edimansyah , Zhang Yunjue , Sambasivam Rajeswari , Fauziana Restria , Mahesh Mithila , Ong Say How , Chong Siow Ann , Subramaniam Mythily
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The main aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in a sample of youth outpatients attending the state psychiatric hospital in Singapore and to identify the sociodemographic and psychological/clinical risk factors associated with DSH. The secondary aim of  the study was to examine if different forms of DSH had distinguishing risk factors. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 outpatients at the Institute of Mental Health completed a self-report survey comprising sociodemographic questions, the Functional Assessment of  Self-Mutilation, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Parental Bonding Instrument and the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale. Logistic regression models were used to test the associations. Results: The overall prevalence of DSH in our clinical population was 58.8%. Cutting/carving (25.4%) and hitting (20.4%) were the most common forms of DSH in the past 12 months. DSH acts were performed primarily for emotion regulation purposes. The risk factors for DSH in general were younger age group, female gender, abuse history and higher depression scores. Gender and age group were the factors that were differentially associated with cutting and hitting one’s self. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of DSH in the psychiatric outpatient population. The risk factors identified in this study are consistent with those of international studies which point to their stability across cultures.

Key words: Abuse, Asian, Cutting, Depression, Prevalence, Risk factors, Youth
Cancer Immunotherapy – The Target is Precisely on The Cancer and Also Not
Authors: Koo Si Lin , Wang Who Whong , Toh Han Chong
Published: June 2022

In recent years, the impressive number of cancer immunotherapy drugs approved has been unprecedented—building on over a century of understanding on how the immune system combats cancer, and how cancer evades it. Leading the charge are the immune checkpoint inhibitor monoclonal antibodies, and adoptive cell therapy with chimeric-antigen-receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy. These breakthrough therapies have led to improved survival in patients with many advanced cancers. Some of  the clinical outcomes have been striking, and may even be potentially curative in some terminal cancer patients. While immune checkpoint inhibitors work by blocking regulatory immune checkpoint signals between cancer and the immune cells to awaken an effective anticancer immunity, CAR-T cell therapy targets specific molecules on cancer cells. Tumour antigens as cancer targets take many forms and may not necessarily be proteins related to known functional cellular mechanisms. The convergence of cutting edge omics, bioinformatics, protein synthesis, immunobiology and immunotherapy have led to novel, potentially highly effective cancer targeting against neoantigens, hence reviving the quest for anticancer vaccines. Early clinical trials of  neoantigen vaccines have provided proof-of-principle efficacy, especially in melanoma patients. Combinations of immunotherapies through rational design are underway aiming to further improve clinical outcomes. Moving forward, cancer immunotherapy will gain even more momentum from the discovery of more cancer targets—both on the cancer itself and in the tumour microenvironment as well as the identification of biomarkers of treatment resistance and efficacy.

Key words: Checkpoint inhibitor, Microenvironment, Neoantigens, Vaccine
OPTIMIZATION OF THE BIOMASS PRODUCTION FROM SPROUTS OF NEO-TROPICAL VEGETABLE SPECIES
Authors: Lazcano-Escobar Juan Fabricio , Quiñones-Islas Nayeli Sarahí , Trejo-Estrada Sergio Rubén , Ramírez-López Carolina
Published: June 2022

Seed germination improves the nutritional quality of plant foods; since they increase the contentsand availability of essential nutrients and reduce the levels of antinutrients. A considerablenumber of species have been studied, but to date, there are few studies on vegetable species ofthe neo-tropics. The aim of this study was the evaluation and optimization of mineral nutrientsolutions [Adelusi-Oseni (AO), Ruakura (Ru), Maeda (M)] and their combinations with compostextracts (EC1, EC2, and EC3) obtained from three different solvents, on the development ofbiomass of four neo-tropical vegetable plants in Mexico: pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.), papalo[Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass.], pipitza (Porophyllum linaria Cav.), and purslane (Portulacaoleracea L.). The hypothesis was that biomass production achieved with the nutrient solutionswould lead to the highest yield for each seed compared to the control. Germination was carriedout in Petri dishes with cotton pads as substrate, adding 5 mL of nutrient solution, along witha control grown with water, in a photoperiod of 12 h; continuing germination until completing96 h. San Cristóbal experimental design was applied to the nutrient mixtures with the greatestpositive impact on the production of biomass. An ANOVA was carried out with Tukey andDunnet means comparison tests. For pumpkin sprouts, solution EC3E2 managed to increaseseedling growth by 395.2 % in comparison to the control; EC2A displayed a greater elongationin comparison with the control of 84.7 % for papal sprouts; EC2A produced an increase of 15.8 %in pipitza. In purslane, EC2A produced an increase of 53.7 %. Nutrition with compost extractscan favour the production of biomass from sprouts.
Detection of COVID-19 using Modified VGG Architectures
Authors:   Department of ECE, GIMT-Guwahati, Assam, India, Kalita Abhinandan
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 has created havoc in the world. This paper aims to study and understand the performance of modified VGG-16 and VGG-19 architectures in detecting COVID-19 using the concept of transfer learning. The algorithm has been validated using a private dataset with normal and COVID-19 positive chest X-ray images. COVID-19 has created havoc in the world. This paper aims to study and understand the performance of modified VGG-16 and VGG-19 architectures in detecting COVID-19 using the concept of transfer learning. The algorithm has been validated using a private dataset with normal and COVID-19 positive chest X-ray images.
Productive break-even point and marketing margins of the jalapeño peppers producer
(Capsicum annuum ‘jalapeño’) in Mexico
Authors: Sánchez-Toledano Blanca , Góngora-Pérez Rubén , López-Santiago Marco , Cuevas-Reyes Venancio
Published: June 2022

Farmers in Mexico are increasingly interested in higher-value alternatives to commodity production. The direct sales channel is a potentially attractive marketing alternative as it offers higher net income to farmers. However, in Mexico, few farmers use direct sales. The objective of this study, was to estimate the productive breakeven point and the marketing margins of the jalapeño pepper production in order to obtain profitability for the producers of this vegetable in Quintana Roo, Mexico. A sampling for finite populations was carried out, and the sample size was 89 producers. Results showed that a minimum of 10,754.5 kg.ha-1 is required with a rural sale price no less than 5.6 $.kg-1 of jalapeño pepper (equivalent to $0.20), to maintain a profitable and sustainable commercial supply of the crop. Producers sold most of their jalapeño production to wholesalers (58.4%), despite results showed the fact, that direct markets are the most profitable marketing channel for farmers of the area. The gross marketing margin was 74.5%, which indicated that, by each peso paid for jalapeño consumers, 74 cents corresponded to the intermediation process, and 25 cents to the producer. The organization of producers is crucial to increase the quality of the product and for a greater presence in the marketing chain.
الحفاظ والإدارة والتنمية لمنطقة المحجر الأثري (المسلة غير المكتملة) - أسوان
Authors:   مركز طارق والي العمارة والتراث
Published: June 2022

يحتفل مركز طارق والي العمارة والتراث هذا العام بمرور 20 عاما على أحد اهم مشروعاتنا للحفاظ والإدارة والتنمية للمواقع التراثية بمصر، هو مشروع تطوير منطقة المحجر الأثري بأسوان المعروف باسم " المسلة غير المكتملة “.. ويستمد هذا المشروع مكانته من كونه أول مشروع يتناول تطوير المواقع التراثية في مصر برؤية شمولية تضم الحفاظ والتنمية والإدارة، ولما حققه المشروع من نموذج تصميمي وتخطيطي جرى تبنيه وإعادة تطبيقه في العديد من المواقع التراثية المماثلة عبر العقدين المنصرمين، ومن ناحية أخرى لنجاح المشروع في تحقيق أهدافه والاثر الذي تركه على الموقع التراثي ومجاله العمراني والاجتماعي.
Perfil lipídico de pacientes com diagnóstico de SARS-CoV-2 internados em unidades críticas de um hospital privado
Authors: Golin Natalia , Kagueyama Luma , Valverde Pereira Caroline , Suiter Erika , Nadólsksis Severine Ariane
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Verificar a ocorrência de alteração no perfil lipídico de pacientes com novo coronavírus internados em unidades críticas de um hospital privado. Método: Tratou-se de um estudo observacional retrospectivo, transversal, em ppacientes com coronavírus por um teste positivo de ácido nucleico, internados em unidades críticas entre março a junho de 2020, foram excluídos os pacientes com dislipidemia e/ou uso de medicamentos hipolipemiantes prévios. Foram avaliados dados demográficos, clínicos, nutricionais, farmacológicos e exames laboratoriais. Resultados: Foram avaliados 55 pacientes, com média de idade de 63,3 anos (DP=12,4), 76,4% (n=42) eram homens, 45,5% (n=25) hipertensos, 56,4% (n=31) fizeram uso de corticoterapia e 34,5% (n=19) foram sedados com propofol. Dos pacientes que fizeram uso de dieta enteral (n=29), a média de lipídeo foi de 52,5g/L (DP=15,1g/L). Quanto ao perfil lipídico, 57,4% (n=31) encontravam-se com hipertrigliceridemia e 41,9% (n=13) com hipercolesterolemia. Observou-se associação do uso de propofol com valores de triglicerídeos (p=0,023) e lipoproteína de densidade muito baixa (p=0,042) elevados e uma tendência da composição lipídica da dieta com os valores de triglicerídeos (p=0,058). Conclusão: Nossos resultados apontaram uma associação positiva da alteração no perfil lipídico com o uso de medicação e uma predisposição dos lipídios da dieta enteral com o aumento dos valores de triglicerídeos.
Vitamin D deficiency: a risk factor for myopia in children: a cross sectional study in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Aaraj Sahira , Kausar Ayisha , Khan Sabeen Abid
Published: June 2022

Objective: To study the role of vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for myopia in children aged 5-15 years.
Method: The cross-sectional observational study was conducted from January to September 2019 at the Ophthalmology and Paediatric departments of Shifa Foundation Community Health Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised patients with suspected / symptomatic vitamin D deficiency who were enrolled from the paediatric outpatient department and referred to the ophthalmology clinics for eye exam. Apart from taking detailed ocular history, slit lamp examination, Snellen’s distance visual acuity, auto-refraction to calculate spherical equivalent, and amplitude scan for measuring the axial length were performed. An average of 3 measurements was taken for both refraction and axial length calculation. Myopia was labelled if mean spherical equivalent was 0.25 dioptres. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D level <20ng/ml. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: There were 72 subjects with a mean age of 10.11±2.69 years; 37(51.4%) boys and 35(48.6%) girls. Myopia was seen in 40(55.6%) patients, while 32(44.4%) were emmetropic. The overall mean vitamin D level was 20.25±12.18 ng/ml. There was no significant association between myopia and vitamin D deficiency (p=0.115). Significant associations were found between myopia and relatively older age (p=0.005), higher height (p=0.001), more weight (p=0.001) and higher body mass index value (p=0.008).
Conclusion: Low vitamin D levels were not significantly associated with myopia in children aged 5-15 years, but significant associations were found between myopia and relatively older age, and various anthropometric measures.