bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etyka w ekonomicznych badaniach naukowych
Authors: Wyżnikiewicz Bohdan
Published: February 2023

The paper summarizes the author’s experience of conducting economic scientific research.
Economic scientific research is understood as both an analysis of economic phenomena and research
purchased on the market of research services. The former are not subject to ethical dilemmas. It is a
professional approach backed by sound economic theory that is important.
The latter, regardless of who purchases research services, pose a risk of ethical dilemmas and
conflicts of interest. The area of potential risk is connected to expectations of organizations purchasing
research services. In most cases organizations are interested to receive objective assessments or
recommendation necessary to take decisions.
Ethical conflict appears when the destination of research is lobbing or a company’s image
creation. The results of research may be used as an instrument of competition.
It is thus vital that a research organization should judge the ethical dimension of undertaken
research tasks. Research projects being socially beneficial should be definitely undertaken. In
controversial cases, the conviction of the rightfulness in the ethical dimension ought to be decisive. In
all cases the principal rule should be aiming at achieving scientifically objective assessments and
opinions.
Zagadnienia etyczne w procesach przekształceń własnościowych Województwa Łódzkiego
Authors: Barańska Danuta , Michalak Marek Jacek
Published: February 2023

The Polish society has perceived privatization as an issue of special importance which enables
a free market economy in a short time. Privatization has always raised hopes and expectations. It is
the lack of experience in the field of ownership transformations, the level of their complexity
and the economic, legal, psychological and other conditionings that have confronted those
transformations with many hindrances. They have also raised numerous moral and ethical dilemmas
among the staff of privatized companies and founding organs including the staff of the Voivodship
Council of Łódź.
The decisions of the Working Board of one company about the future path of privatization have
raised concerns among the staff uncertain of the fate of their place of work. In such cases the voice of
the staff, which previously contributed to the company’s financial status, has always been decisive
when choosing the path of privatization; this concerns mostly workers’ partnerships.
It was John Paul II’s words about people of conscience who are needed in Poland, which were
said in Skoczów, that were crucial for privatization decisions by the Voivodship Council of Łódź.
Patriotyzm w nauczaniu Kościoła katolickiego
Authors: Przesmycki SDB Ks. Piotr
Published: February 2023

In nearly every modern society, patriotism, as a form of love related to one’s homeland, possesses
its own specific semantic colours. This is so due to historical and cultural differences between nations.
In recent debates about the condition of patriotism in Poland as well as political disputes, patriotism is
often mentioned as, alongside with others, a civilian virtue. According to various research on public
opinions, patriotism is recognised as one of the most distinctive characteristics of the Poles (beside
religiousness and resourcefulness). It is a virtue as well as an attitude which Poles manifest in various
ways (from the so-called “football” patriotism to simple daily work solidly done with honesty
and diligence for the good of one’s homeland).
This paper presents a conception of patriotism from the Catholic Social Teaching viewpoint.
This teaching, taking into account both Divine Revelation and past experiences of mankind (the socalled
“hermeneutical arch” of Moral Theology, perceives the phenomenon of patriotism in a wider
context such as nation, homeland, country and international community). The Church insists on
upbringing and education of love towards one’s homeland, while distances its teaching clearly
and decisively from racial prejudice and hypernationalism (cf. Ad Gentes, 15).
Content analysis of the developed science textbook (Collins) for the fourth grade in Jordan in light of the requirements of (TIMSS-2019)
Authors: Kreishan Eman
Published: February 2023

The study aimed to analyze the content of the developed science book (Collins) for the fourth grade in Jordan in light of the requirements of (TIMSS, 2019) The analysis card was designed in light of the list of requirements of the international study project (TIMSS, 2019), and to ensure its validity and stability. The results of the study concluded The content of the developed science book (Collins) is consistent in terms of the percentages of the main areas of content with the requirements of (TIMSS-2019), where the content areas were distributed in percentages that reached (47.5%) in the field of biology, while this area was mentioned in the standards (TIMSS-2019). By (45%), and in the field of physics, the percentage coincided with the same percentage in the standards of ((TIMSS-2019), which is (35%), while the field of Earth science in the science book was at a percentage of (17.5%) compared to (20%) in the standards of (( TIMSS-2019, and although the percentages of content areas agree with TIMSS-2019 standards, 31 of the content indicators did not appear in the Science Book among the 57 approved indicators in content standards according to TIMSS-2019. Accordingly, the study recommends Continuing to plan science books in Jordan in light of international standards, especially TIMSS standards, and taking into account the inclusion of indicators of content areas concepts in a balanced manner.
Keywords: Content analysis, developed science book (Collins), TIMSS - 2019.
Strengthening character education caring for the environment based on Adiwiyata Mandiri in high school
Authors: Abu Abu Dharin , Subur Subur , Irra Wahidiyati
Published: February 2023

The research aims to reveal the life of caring for the environment as an inseparable part of the school program. Environmental care and friendly programs in various forms of activities have a great influence 4on shaping the character of students. This research is a type of field research with a qualitative descriptive approach. Sources of data in this study are adiwiyata managers and environmentalist organizations (Organisasi Pemuda Lingkungan/OPL). Data were collected through observation and interviews. The data collected were analyzed using the steps of data presentation, reduction, processing and conclusion. The results showed that the implementation of the independent adiwiyata program was carried out through school policies, both intracurricular and extracurricular. Activities are coordinated by cadres, including reforestation cadres, faith and piety strengthening cadres, youth health care cadres, literacy cadres, organic waste processing cadres, inorganic waste processing cadres and water and electricity energy saving cadres. Concern for the environment also creates awareness of responsibility, discipline and cooperation. This program is expected to be a means of educating students to become human beings who care about the environment in their respective places of residence. 
Keywords: Education, Character, Environmental Care, Adiwiyata Mandiri, High School
Understanding effective entrepreneurial education vis-à-vis Thai entrepreneurs’ altruism and procedural fairness on being happy: More money or more happiness?
Authors: Putthiwanit Chutinon , Taeporamaysamai Phurichchaya
Published: February 2023

The concept of give and take is nothing peculiar for higher educational institution students. In order to survive, living along as an isolated island is not a lucrative way to survive: Human beings need to be socialized. Thus, by exchanging/bartering what they acquired to the others group, without expected return, is a sign or altruism. But why did they decide to give so, was it because they had the feelings of happiness or just a feeling of giving away? Consequently, by understand the effect of such reciprocity, authors would like to see whether it is rational enough to be procedurally fair and altruistic at the same time, as well as the application of this concept for higher educational institutions. Can this be a sign for entrepreneurial education? Authors take data of Thai entrepreneurs from World Value Survey Database. World Values Survey was conducted by World Values Survey Association with the current seventh wave covered 80 countries; the length of survey spanned from 2017-2021. This research is divided accordingly: The first part introduces rational aspects; secondly, literature reviews are explored in various perspectives and their side-effect; thirdly, methodology is explained and analyzed by using secondary data with multiple regression; and finally, the results and further research are discussed.
Enriching LIME with Inductive Logic Programming: Explaining Deep Learning Classifiers with Logic Rules in a Companion System Framework
Authors:   , Rabold Johannes
Published: February 2023

With the rise of black-box classifiers like Deep Learning networks, the need for interpretable and complete explanations for them becomes apparent. Users need to have the possibility to ask why a classifier inferred a particular result. Logic clauses induced by Inductive Logic Programming systems are superior in expressibility over visual explanations alone. This thesis uses the ideas of LIME, a visual explanation framework, and enriches it with an ILP component to get comprehensible and powerful explanations for the inference results of Deep Learning Networks for images. The background knowledge for the predicates is obtained both automatically and by an annotation system that lets humans annotate labels and relations. The human labeling system and the explanation component form a Companion System where not only AI helps the user but also the other way round.
Management of bimaxillary protrusion with missing molar using T-loop and couple force
Authors: Narmada Ida Bagus , Purnomo Shali Wikynikta , Sitasari Putri Intan , Prasetyo Nabilla Vidyazti Rishandari , Rahma Aldila
Published: February 2023

Background: Management of bimaxillary protrusion can be challenging and should be used with maximum anchorage to prevent loss of anchorage and improve the facial profile. In addition, a patient with a missing molar is often found in a dental clinic. Space closure can cause tipping movement rather than bodily, so couple force should be used. Purpose: This case report aims to manage the bimaxillary protrusion with a missing molar using a T-loop and a transpalatal arch (TPA) as maximum anchorage for correction of the facial profile and couple force to create bodily movement for the space closure of a missing first molar. Case: A 21-year-old female patient complained about her protruding teeth. An intraoral examination indicated Angle’s Class I malocclusion on the left molar relation, with the lower-right first molar missing, mild crowding maxilla and mandible, 6 mm of overjet and 5 mm of overbite, and midline shift at the maxilla and mandible. Case Management: The treatment plan was the extraction of teeth 14, 24, 34; alignment with pre-adjusted McLaughlin Bennett Trevisi (MBT) 0.022; retraction of the anterior segment with a T-loop, TPA, and close spacing of the missing first molar with couple force on the buccal and lingual side and tip back. Retention was done with removable retainers. At the end of the treatment, normal incisive inclination and closed space of the missing first molar were achieved, along with an improvement of the facial profile. Conclusion: Bimaxillary protrusion can be successfully treated by means of extraction of the premolar(s), space closure for correction of the profile with T-loop and TPA, and closing the space of the missing molar with couple force on the buccal and lingual sides and tip back.
Wound healing induces VEGF expression stimulated by forest honey in palatoplasty Sprague Dawley
Authors: Zhafirah Reine , Nur Aida Alifah , Hirawan Helmi , Wardana Tirta
Published: February 2023

Background: Cleft palate is a craniofacial disorder with definitive therapy using the V–Y pushback technique palatoplasty, which has the impact of leaving the bone exposed on the palate with long wound healing and a high risk of infection. Forest honey has high antioxidants and the ability to accelerate wound healing. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of forest honey on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression to accelerate the wound healing process after palatoplasty biopsy. Methods: Posttest only control group design using Sprague Dawley palatoplasty was performed on 15 rats which were divided into three groups, namely the honey treatment (KP), Aloclair as a positive control (KPP), and aquadest as a negative control (KKN). As much as 25 mg of honey was given therapeutically, and VEGF expression analysis post-biopsy palatoplasty was measured using the ELISA test. ANOVA analysis was carried out to determine the significant differences between each treatment, and in silico analysis was conducted to determine the compounds’ role in honey on the mechanism of VEGF expression. Results: Statistical analysis of VEGF expression in the KP group was 41.10 ng/ml ± 0.26, the KKP was 39.57 ± 0.27, while the KKN was 33.26 ± 0.62 (p≤ 0.01). In silico study, genistein (C15H10O5) targets several signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt, AMPK, and mTOR, affecting accelerated proliferation and angiogenesis. Conclusion: In wound healing acceleration, forest honey induced VEGF expression through the genistein mechanism of angiogenesis and cell proliferation.
Pembuatan Video Tutorial Tata Rias Wajah Panggung Penari Dengan Tema Inspirasi Sunset Di Jimbaran Bali
Authors: Chindy Puspa Rinda  , Chindy Puspa Rinda  , Mari Okatini
Published: February 2023

Chindy Puspa Rinda, 1510519029, Pembuatan Video Tutorial Tata Rias Wajah Panggung Penari Dengan Tema Inspirasi Sunset Di Jimbaran Bali, Tugas Akhir: Program Studi Diploma 3 Tata Rias, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, 2022.

 

Tata rias wajah panggung merupakan suatu riasan wajah yang digunakan dalam kesempatan pementasan atau sebuah pertunjukkan di atas panggung sesuai tujuan pertunjukkan. Rias wajah untuk penari lebih tebal dan mencolok dikarenakan dilihat oleh lampu, sedangkan jika jarak antara penonton dengan penyanyi atau penari tidak terlalu jauh sebaiknya riasan tidak terlalu tebal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan video tutorial yang nantinya dapat digunakan pada Mata Kuliah Tata Rias Wajah Khusus. Proses dalam pembuatan video tutorial ini terdiri dari proses perencanaan, pra produksi, produksi dan pasca produksi, proses penelitian, proses pengolahan data dan juga hasil penelitian. Metode yang digunakan dalam  penelitian pengembangan (R&D) model 4D, dan interpretasi data dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala likert. Hasil pembuatan video ini memenuhi kriteria validasi dengan hasil yang didapat oleh ahli materi 87% dan ahli media 93% yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa video ini sangat layak dijadikan sebagai media alternatif bahan acuan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mata kuliah Tata Rias Wajah Khusus.
Pengembangan Silabus Student Day Tata Rias Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Kontekstual Di SMA Plus PGRI Cibinong
Authors: Septia Fandy , Titin Supiani
Published: February 2023

Berdasarkan fakta yang ada, masih banyak guru yang kesulitan membuat instrumen yang akurat, valid, dan reliabel yang dapat mengungkapkan kemampuan siswa yang sebenarnya. Guru di sekolah umumnya masih menggunakan kertas, belum banyak guru yang menggunakan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi untuk membuat instrumen evaluasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan instrumen penilaian siswa yang valid dan praktis menggunakan kuis pembuat kuis di SMA se-DKI. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development / R&D) dengan model pengembangan Four-D (4D). yaitu Define (Mendefenisikan), Design (desain), Develop (Pengembangan), dan Disseminate (Penyebarluasan). Jenis datanya adalah data primer dimana datanya didapat dari ahli atau validator. Teknik analisis data dengan uji validitas dan kepraktisan Instrumen Penilaian Siswa Menggunakan Quiz Creator. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian pengembangan ini: (1) Menghasilkan Instrumen Penilaian Siswa Menggunakan Quiz Creator untuk Pelajaran SMA Indonesia. (2) Validasi Materi dan Penyajian Validitas memperoleh skor masing-masing dari validator sebesar 93,33% dan 92,70% serta dinyatakan "sangat valid". (3) Kepraktisan berdasarkan tanggapan guru memperoleh nilai 92,50% dan dinyatakan "sangat praktis". Berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Instrumen Penilaian Siswa Menggunakan Quiz Creator sangat valid dan sangat praktis.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 28.01.2023 г. по 03.02.2023 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: February 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 вызывающих озабоченность (VOC), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 28 января по 3 февраля 2023 г.
Lyme Arthritis in the Pediatric Knee
Authors: Yen Yi-Meng , Sanborn Ryan M. , Donohue Kyna , Miller Patricia E. , Milewski Matthew D. , Ecklund Kirsten
Published: February 2023

Background:

Lyme disease is the most prevalent tick-borne illness in the United States, especially endemic in the Northeast and Upper Midwest. Distinguishing Lyme arthritis (LA), the most common manifestation of the disease in children, from septic arthritis (SA) can be challenging because of overlap in clinical presentations. This study examined the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an adjunct to clinical and laboratory features used to differentiate between LA and SA in children and adolescents.

Methods:

The medical records and MRI scans of children who presented between 2009 and 2019 with an acute knee effusion ultimately diagnosed as LA or SA were retrospectively reviewed. Data collection included clinical information on the modified Kocher criteria (weight-bearing, fever, blood serology including white blood-cell [WBC] count, C-reactive protein [CRP], and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]), MRI findings, and serology confirmation of LA or bacterial SA. A total of 87 cases of confirmed LA and 9 cases of SA were identified.

Results:

The 2 cohorts had substantial clinical overlap with regard to the ability to bear weight, fever, and joint aspirate WBC count. Differences between the 2 groups in several MRI characteristics, specifically vastus lateralis myositis, subcutaneous edema, and lymphadenopathy, were significant. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that weight-bearing, CRP of <3 mg/L, absence of subcutaneous edema, myositis of multiple muscles including the vastus lateralis, and lymphadenopathy were predictive of LA.

Conclusions:

LA should be strongly suspected in endemic areas of the United States when children present with a knee effusion. The addition of MRI criteria to clinical and laboratory findings significantly improved the predictive value for identifying LA.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Size Differences in Personality Profiles of the Cunner Wrasse (Tautogolabrus adspersus)
Authors: Maeda Sumika
Published: February 2023

Individual animals, including fish, often differ consistently in their behaviours, which is known as personality. An individual’s values on the five axes of personality, which are activity, aggression, anxiety, boldness, and sociality, come together and form syndromes. The major syndromes, proactive or reactive, characterize an individual’s expected behaviour. The cunner wrasse, (Tautogolabrus adspersus), is the only warm-water cleaner fish for removal of sea lice from Atlantic salmon in Eastern Canada. Developing behavioural assay of the syndromes is important for industry to use to improve aquaculture because they are linked to species’ growth, cleaning efficiency, and welfare. I explored if the proactive and reactive syndromes exist in cunners and how their size influences the syndromes. The research was conducted with different sizes of cunners (n=43) in the Hagen Aqualab for three months, starting from January 2020. An open field test, scoring anxiety, and a swimming test, scoring activity, were conducted, followed by a mirror test measuring sociality and aggression. Then, a replica test was conducted to score boldness, followed by a novel object test also measuring boldness. Then, a shelter-seeking test was conducted to score anxiety. I found that cunners of all size-classes showed proactivity and reactivity. However, there was a significant difference in which components of the five axes of personality determined the two syndromes between large and small-medium cunners. These findings may develop a behavioural assay for industry to use when they breed cleaner fish to use for their desired traits, such as better growth and higher cleaning efficiency.
Predicting The Great Lakes Wetlands' Resilience to Climate Change in Response to Phragmites australis subsp. australis Removal
Authors: Meagan Stager
Published: February 2023

Phragmites australis subsp. australis (hereon Phargmites), has become a dominating threat to the Great Lakes wetlands at a time when climate change pressures are also compromising the integrity of the native habitat. Understanding the role this invader plays in climate change resiliency is crucial in order to improve management decisions to protect and restore wetlands. This literature review was conducted to predict if the Great Lakes wetland’s resiliency to climate change effects could improve in absence of Phragmites. Peer-reviewed articles were analyzed to determine the overall impact of Phragmites on the Great Lakes wetlands by drawing connections between study findings and how this invader may influence the wetland’s ability to mitigate climate change. Evaluation of Phragmites invasion impacts included effects on floral and faunal species diversity, richness and composition, methane and carbon emissions, nutrient availability, and water levels and quality. This examination of studies showed floral, avian, and turtle species diversity to be negatively related to Phragmites invasion, with no clear impacts on frogs and macroinvertebrates. Studies also showed that Phragmites-dominated wetlands increased carbon sequestration, but also increased methane emissions which has greater radiative forcing power, resulting in a net source of greenhouse gases. Soil nutrient availability was found to be negatively impacted by this invader, and effects on water levels and quality were inconclusive due to insufficient available evidence. Overall, this information provides indication that the Great Lakes wetlands could benefit from Phragmites removal, likely enhancing the wetland’s ability to resist climate change effects.
Eurasian Wigeon Breed in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska
Authors: Withrow Jack J.
Published: February 2023

In June 2022, while collecting in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, for the University of Alaska Museum, I observed at least three broods of Eurasian Wigeon (Mareca penelope) on Amchitka Island (51.39° N, 179.26° E) and two broods on Adak Island (51.92° N, 176.64° W). So far as I have been able to determine the specimens collected from them represent the first actual documentation of nesting by the species in North America.
Metal-to-metal charge transfer driven by the electropositive species for stable anionic redox chemistry
Authors: Kim Min-Ho , Jang Haeseong , Lee Eunryeol , Park Jaehyun , Kim Taewon , Seo Jeongwoo , Jung Young Hwa , Kang Seok Ju , Cho Jaephil , Kim Min , Seo Dong-Hwa , Lee Hyun-Wook
Published: February 2023

Apart from conventional redox chemistries, exploring novel anionic redox chemistry, such as pure oxygen redox or delocalized π redox, is challenging due to unstable O non-bonding or O-dominant energy states in them correlated with a destructive structural disorder in Li-rich cathode materials. Here we show a new strategy to stabilize anionic redox chemistry in 4d-based Li-rich oxides by substituting electropositive 3d transition-metal (TM) species. Metal-to-metal charge transfer, driven by covalency competition within asymmetric TM3d-O-TM4d backbone, induces larger charge density on electronegative Ru species and stabilizes its high-voltage redox by lowering oxidation states. Furthermore, we reveal that the t2g occupancy of 3d TM substituents is indicative of polarity on the bonding between Ru and O, where high t2g occupancy gives rise to electron repulsion toward Ru, making b1* states more cationic. These insights open new perspectives for the control of intrinsic redox chemistry and enable rational designs for high-energy-density Li-rich cathodes.
Risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis among cattle owner tuberculosis patients attending governmental health facilities in Gondar town, northwest Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Getachew Abebaw , Guadu Tadesse , Mengistu Araya , Ejo Mebrat , Belete Abebe , Nigatu Seleshe , Kebede Elias , Haile Belete , Demessie Yitayew , Girma Yilak , Abebe Ayenesh , Kassa Meseret
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Tuberculosis is among infectious diseases that disproportionally affect low-income populations of the world. Intimacy of cattle and humans may play a role in the transmission of tuberculosis between man and animals. There is scarce information on risk factors of tuberculosis among cattle owners in Gondar town.
Objective
The aim of the study was to assess risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis among cattle owner tuberculosis patients attending governmental health facilities in Gondar town, Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia.
Methods
A Case control study was conducted from March, 2019 – January, 2020. Cattle owners with active pulmonary tuberculosis attending governmental health facilities and their neighbors were recruited as study participants. The control groups were selected randomly using lottery method. Using Epi InfoTM 7.0.8.3 version software a total of 92 study participants (31 cases and 61 controls) were recruited considering proportion of bovine TB among the controls (1.9%) and among cases (20%), 5% significance level, power of 80% and a case to control ratio of 1:2.Data were collected using interviewer administered structured questionnaire and cattle tuberculin skin testing. Logistic regression analysis was conducted using STATA 15 statistical software to determine strength of association between pulmonary tuberculosis and the predictors.
Results
The mean ± SD age of study participants was 40.8 ± 13.4 years. Nearly two-thirds (60.9%) of the study participants were males. Living in a household with family members greater than four (AOR = 6.83; 95% CI: 1.48, 31.52), having a contact history with a TB patient (AOR = 7.80; 95% CI: 1.51, 40.36), sharing a house with cattle (AOR = 8.11; 95% CI: 1.23, 53.58) and raw milk consumption (AOR = 9.97; 95% CI: 1.67, 59.35) were the risk factors for the occurrence of tuberculosis.
Conclusion
The study revealed that family size, contact history, sharing house with cattle, and habit of raw milk consumption were risk factors of tuberculosis. Therefore, providing well organized health education to address these risk factors and intensifying contact tracing is vital to prevent and control tuberculosis in the study area.
Deeper Fine-Tuned Autoencoder for User Datagram Protocol Flooding Network Traffic Detection in Internet of Things
Authors: KASIM Ömer
Published: February 2023

The increase in the use of Internet of Things (IOT) devices operating online has led to an increase in cyber-attacks with these devices. One of the uncontrolled attacks carried out with a botnet is User Datagram Protocol (UDP) flooding. It is necessary to develop an effective method to detect abnormal UDP flooding traffic IOT devices that are compromised the IOT devices. Detection of anomalies in network traffic is the most effective method. Although machine learning, shallow neural networks and deep learning methods are used to detect abnormal traffic, in this study, it is suggested that the effective measurement metrics should be selected and applied to a fine-tuned auto-coder architecture. The main contribution of the proposed method is that a classification with high accuracy and performance can be performed by encoding the selected features deeper. The proposed method is verified with UDP-flood data in the N-BaIoT and NSL-KDD test datasets. The proposed method proved to be successful in terms of Cohen kappa, f1 score, sensitivity and accuracy metrics obtained in the experimental results. Experiments in the study showed that the number of optimally selected features was significantly reduced, resulting in the lowest detection time. This enabled a more optimized and feasible design.
Obesity paradox in patients with non -valvular atrial fibrillation regarding outcomes; fact or fiction?
Authors: Abdelsabour Mahmoud , Bakhet Christena Amir , Atta Salah
Published: February 2023

Background:Obesity represents one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest sustained cardiac arrhythmia, and the relationship between obesity and AF is well established. Our goal was to assess the role of obesity in outcomes of anticoagulation among patient with non-valvular AF regarding thromboembolic and bleeding complications and to check what was obesity paradox among patient with AF really exists in relation to body mass index (BMI).Methods:The study included three hundred patients presented with non-valvular AF on oral anticoagulant treatment either vitamin K antagonist (VKA) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACS). Patients were subjected to full history taking, physical examination, twelve leads ECG and echocardiographic assessment . Six months follow up was performed for any major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) including all-cause of death, cardiac death, stroke and thrombo-embolic complications.Results:Of three hundred patients included in the final analysis, one hundred and ninety fifth were non-obese and one hundred and five were obese according to BMI. Our study focused on three outcomes among patients with NV-AF including :bleeding ,cerebrovascular stroke and cardiovascular death . After logistic regression analysis, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), dyslipidemia, smoking, CHA2DS2-VASc score and number of AF episodes appeared as better independent prognostic factors for MACEs by multivariate analysis with significant P-values. Also, obesity was statistically significant (P=0.031). Among patients treated with warfarin, the prevalence of complication was significantly (P=0.037) higher among non-obese group compared to obese group . Dissimilarly, no difference was detected regarding the rate of complication among those treated with DOACs (P=0.236).Conclusion:Obese patients with non-valvular AF may be less vulnerable to develop complications regarding bleeding ,cerebrovascular stroke and cardiovascular death compared to non –obese patients .This paradox may be more evident among patients treated by vitamin K antagonist. Trial registration :Clinical trial registration no.,NCT03904329;first registration: 25/03 /2019.first recruited case 01/10/2020.URL:https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/LoginUser?ts=2&cx=-jg9qo3
A randomized trial of collaborative support for opioid taper after trauma hospitalization
Authors: Sullivan Mark D. , Arbabi Sam , Tauben David , Baldwin Laura-Mae , Katers Laura
Published: February 2023

The COTAT (Collaborative Opioid Taper After Trauma) Study was a randomized trial of an opioid taper support program using a physician assistant (PA) to provide pain and opioid treatment guidance to primary care providers assuming care for adult patients with moderate to severe trauma discharged from a Level I trauma center on opioid therapy. Patients were recruited, assessed, and randomized individually by a surgery research recruitment team one to two days prior to discharge to home. Participants randomized to the opioid taper support program were contacted by phone within a few days of discharge by the PA interventionist to confirm enrollment and their primary care provider (PCP). The intervention consisted of PA support to the PCP as needed concerning pain and opioid care at weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 after discharge or until the PCP office indicated they no longer needed support or the patient had tapered off opioids. The PA was supervised by a pain physician-psychiatrist, a family physician, and a trauma surgeon. Patients randomized to usual care received standard hospital discharge instructions and written information on managing opioid medications after discharge. Trial results were analyzed using repeated measures analysis. 37 participants were randomized to the intervention and 36 were randomized to usual care. The primary outcomes of the trial were pain, enjoyment, general activity (PEG score) and mean daily opioid dose at 3 and 6 months after hospital discharge. Treatment was unblinded but assessment was blinded. No significant differences in PEG or opioid outcomes were noted at either time point. Physical function at 3 and 6 months and pain interference at 6 months were significantly better in the usual care group. No significant harms of the intervention were noted. COVID limited recruitment of high-risk opioid tolerant subjects, and limited contact between the PA interventionist and the participants and the PCPs. Our opioid taper support program failed to improve opioid and pain outcomes, since both control and intervention groups tapered opioids and improved PEG scores after discharge. Future trials of post-trauma opioid taper support with populations at higher risk of persistent opioid use are needed.
This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov under NCT04275258 11/02/2020. This trial was funded by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the University of Washington Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center (R49 CE003087, PI: Monica S. Vavilala, MD). The funder had no role in the analysis or interpretation of the data.
Combined retinal and choroidal microvasculopathy in a non-diabetic kidney transplant recipient following SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Vartsakis Georgios , Aslanides Minas , Maragkos Ilias , Selimis Vasileios , Aslanides Ioannis , Lu Nan-Ji
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

To present a case of a kidney transplant recipient with multiple, concurrent signs of retinal and choroidal microvascular dysfunction following mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Observations:

An immunosuppressed, 51-year-old male with a history of kidney transplantation at an earlier stage, presented with bilateral conjunctivitis and blurry vision that coincided with a SARS-CoV-2-positive upper respiratory tract infection. On examination, we observed bilateral vitritis as well as choroidal congestion with signs of outer retinal and inner choroidal microvascular dysfunction. Moreover, cotton wool spots, consistent with inner retinal ischemia were noted while the rest of the clinical findings subsided.

Conclusions and importance:

COVID-19, a multi-systemic disease that primarily affects the respiratory system, has been associated with a number of seemingly diverse ocular phenotypes, where both inflammation and ischemia seem to play role. Moreover, the presence of underlying systemic comorbidities may have an impact on both infection outcomes and the ocular complications of the disease. Kidney transplant recipients that develop SARS-CoV-2 infection may be at higher risk for both choroidal and retinal microvasculopathy with prominent choroidal congestion, pigment epitheliopathy with or without subretinal fluid and hyper-reflective changes in optical coherence tomography suggesting ischemia in different retinal layers.
Effects of Intraoperative Tourniquet Use on Recovery Following Circumcision: A Randomised Controlled Study
Authors: Gao Jianguo , Zhong Huan , Zhang Meng , Shen Junwen
Published: February 2023

Objective
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intraoperative tourniquets when performing a circumcision using a disposable circumcision stapler.
Methods
251 male patients; Mean age: 29.2 years, patients with excessively long prepuce and/or phimosis were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial between July 2019 and August 2020. Patients were divided into two groups: group A received Huitai annulus suture device (n = 111), and group B received Huitai annulus suture device with intraoperative tourniquet (n = 140). Operative time, intraoperative and postoperative pain, intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, postoperative complications, wound healing time, penis appearance and sexual satisfaction were measured.
Results
The intraoperative and postoperative bleeding in group A was more serious (4.432 ± 1.384 ml) than that in group B (1.879 ± 1.019 ml). In particular, 1 case in group A had incision fracture due to postoperative active bleeding and was returned to hospital for surgical suture to stop bleeding. Moreover, we found that the degree of swelling of the disposable circumcision suture device in group B was reduced after the tourniquet was applied (group A and group B: 18.41 ± 3.152 vs 16.69 ± 3.047), and there was no significant difference in postoperative pain score 7 days after surgery between group A and Group B: 3.054 ± 1.197 vs 2.993 ± 1.190), the postoperative infection rate was lower (group A and group B: 3.60% vs 1.43%), and there was no significant difference in sexual life between group A and group B: 0.8018 ± 0.4005 vs 0.8429 ± 0.3652).
Conclusion
There are differences in postoperative and intraoperative complications of tourniquet in disposable circumcision suture device. There was less risk of intraoperative bleeding, less risk of postoperative hematoma, earlier removal of nails, a more satisfactory appearance of recovery, and no significant difference in the risk of postoperative pain and post-operative infection. Transient ischemia after tourniquet had no effect on postoperative sexual life.
Effect of extracurricular tutoring on adolescent students' cognitive ability: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Zhang Qi , Yang Jiafei , Wang Wenlong , Li Jiangping , Liu Zhihong
Published: February 2023

The number of adolescent students participating in extracurricular tutoring has increased significantly over the past few years. However, the impact of extracurricular tutoring on the cognitive development of adolescents remains unclear. This study used a nationwide dataset from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to assess the effect of extracurricular tutoring on the cognitive development of adolescent students. A total of 2567 valid respondents were included to empirically examine the relationship between adolescent students' participation in extracurricular tutoring and their cognitive development. First, we build a binary logistic regression model with tutoring as the dependent variable and 19 individual, family, and school factors as covariates. Second, we performed a propensity score-matched analysis using the confounding variables identified in the first step to control for potential bias. The study results showed that participating in extracurricular tutoring can significantly improve the cognitive ability of adolescents.
Challenges in the diagnosis of leptomeningeal dissemination of glioblastoma in a patient with fever and xanthochromic CSF: a case report
Authors: Neagu Andrei , Niculae Cristian-Mihail , Lapadat Irina , Hristea Adriana
Published: February 2023

Background
Leptomeningeal spread with carcinomatous meningitis is a severe complication of glioblastoma, with a poor prognosis. Diagnosis is challenging, as the sensitivity of classic diagnostic investigations remains low for detecting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tumor spread and exclusion of infectious causes is mandatory, especially if unusual clinical findings are present.
Case presentation
A 71-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for recurrent episodes of high fever and xanthochromic meningitis, with subacute onset. Her past medical history was significant for a left temporal glioblastoma, with adjuvant surgical and associated systemic immunosuppression, secondary to chemotherapy. An extensive workup especially with molecular microbiology testing for exclusion of infectious causes was performed. CSF was analyzed for typical bacterial and viral causes, but also pathogens associated with immunosuppression, such as Listeria monocytogenes and Cryptococcus neoformans. A therapeutic trial of standard antituberculous drugs with repeated lumbar punctures were needed in order to exclude Mycobacterium tuberculosis and to confirm the diagnosis of carcinomatous meningitis by cytopathological examination of the CSF.
Conclusions
The case describes an unusual clinical presentation of a patient with glioblastoma associated leptomeningeal dissemination, as high fever and xanthochromic CSF could raise important diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in the clinical practice. The diagnosis of carcinomatous meningitis requires an extensive workup for exclusion of infectious causes which is important for urgent oncologic treatment.
Mechanism of remodeling and local effects in vivo of a new injectable cosmetic filler
Authors: Sun Likui , Sun Xiaoxia , Ruan Wenting , Che Guoxi , Zhu Fuyu , Liu Chenghu , Wan Min
Published: February 2023

Objective:By studying the local effects of a new type of injectable cosmetic filler implanted into the animal to explore the mechanism of remodeling and cosmetic effect of this kind of product.
Method: Take 12 rabbits and select 4 implantation points on both sides of the spine, respectively, and implant the test sample (PLLA) and negative control sample (HDPE) into the subcutaneous tissues on both sides. In the same way, take another 12 rabbits and implant the marketing control sample (cross-linked sodium hyaluronate) and negative control sample (HDPE) into the subcutaneous tissues on both sides. The animals were executed at 1 week, 4 weeks, 13 weeks and 52 weeks respectively, and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, Masson trichrome staining and immunofluorescence staining were performed to characterize the local effects in vivo and the expression of type I collagen (Col. I), type III collagen (Col.III) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9).
Result: Good histocompatibility of the test sample and the marketing control sample were found. The foreign body reaction of marketing control sample was more intense than that of the test sample after 13 weeks. The foreign body reaction of testing sample was more intense after 52 weeks, while that of the marketing control sample was more stable. With the process of tissue repair, the collagen fibers of test samples and marketing control samples gradually increased after implantation. Type I collagen was mainly found inside the fiber capsule, while type III collagen was mainly found outside. The positive expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 gradually increased, the positive expression of test samples increased significantly after 52 weeks, while that of marketing control samples did not change significantly.
Conclusion: Good histocompatibility of PLLA filler is found. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 participates in foreign body reaction and collagen formation, which can reflect the process of tissue remodeling.
Restraint stress promotes lung cancer xenograft growth via the IL2-Ras-Erk pathway
Authors: Xu Ke , Li Meng , Zheng Cheng , Ji Miao , Wu Wenjing , Huang Xin , Shen Fangfang , Teng Yiqun , Zhang Jin
Published: February 2023

Objectives To assess the impact of restraint stress on lung cancer xenograft development, and explore the Molecular mechanism.
Methods We established a restraint stress model by placing nude mice in a ventilated 50 mL centrifuge tube and inoculating them with subcutaneous xenografts of the A549 lung cancer cell line on day 21. In order to verify the effects of IL2 on tumor growth, we treated A549 cells with IL2 (1 or 5 ng/mL) in vitro.
Results Compared with the non-stressed mice, the stressed mice exhibited lower body weight gain and larger tumors after 42 days of restraint stress treatment. The stressed mice also exhibited a higher level of proinflammatory cytokine IL2 in serum, tumor tissue, spleen and lymph nodes. The tumors from the stressed mice exhibited higher activity of the ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Ras-Erk) signaling pathway. Compared with the control group (0 ng/mL), the cells treated with IL2 exhibited a higher rate of proliferation and migration, along with increased activity of the Ras-Erk pathway. Knockdown of the IL2 receptor by siRNA alleviated the increase of proliferation, migration and RAS-Erk pathway activity stimulated by IL2.
Conclusion Based on these findings, we conclude that restraint stress increased IL2 levels to promote tumor growth by activating the Ras-Erk pathway.
Possible secondary craniosynostosis caused by flat head syndrome: Report of two cases
Authors: Tomohito NAGAI , Toshiaki HAYASHI , Tomomi KIMIWADA , Junji TAKEYAMA , INUKAI Madoka , Teiji TOMINAGA
Published: February 2023

Standard treatment for patients with craniosynostosis is cranial remodeling surgery. If diagnosed early, minimally invasive surgery, such as suturectomy, is a good alternative, although it is sometimes difficult to diagnose craniosynostosis early because premature suture closure is not always radiologically obvious. In this study, we present two cases of five-month old infants who were conservatively treated for positional brachycephaly without any obvious premature suture closure on CT, who later developed progressive tower-like skull deformity despite conservative treatment for positional skull deformity. Both their fathers showed similar skull deformities. They underwent suturectomy at the site of the lambda, followed by molding helmet therapy based on a diagnosis of craniosynostosis. Histopathological specimens obtained from the resected sutures showed irregularly narrowed suture structure and ossification and fibrous tissue proliferation within it, supporting the diagnosis. The infants’ postoperative course was uneventful. The cephalic index of both the cases improved postoperatively. Conservative therapy-resistant progressive occipital skull deformity can sometimes lead to secondary craniosynostosis, even if CT does not show premature suture closure.