bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualidade dos dados de causas de morte no Sul do Brasil: a importância das causas garbage
Authors: Vidor Ana Cristina , Conceição Mara Beatriz Martins , Luhm Karin Regina , Alves Michelle de Fátima Tavares , Arceno Aline , França Elisabeth Barboza , Abreu Daisy Maria Xavier de
Published: November 2019

Resumo Introdução: O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a qualidade dos dados sobre causas de morte na região Sul do Brasil. Métodos: Foi utilizado o Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade para avaliar a ocorrência de causas garbage (CG) nas declarações de óbito (DO) de residentes nos estados e capitais da região Sul entre 2015 e 2016. As CG foram comparadas com os demais estados e agrupadas por nível de gravidade (N1 a N4, segundo potencial decrescente de impacto sobre o perfil de mortalidade). Foram avaliados os CG de N1 e N2 na faixa etária de 0 a 74 anos, segundo local de ocorrência e médico atestante. Resultados: A ocorrência de CG geral variou de 29% a 31% entre os três estados, abaixo da média nacional (34%). As CG N1 e N2 foram semelhantes nos estados e heterogêneas nas capitais. A maioria dos óbitos foram hospitalares, onde ocorreram 55% a 64% das CG N1 e N2 nos estados e 39% a 55% nas capitais. Nos óbitos domiciliares, esta proporção variou de 25% a 31% e de 25% a 40%, respectivamente. Mais de 30% dos médicos atestantes (exceto em Florianópolis) não identificaram seu vínculo com o paciente, declarando-se como “outros” no campo correspondente da DO. Médicos de Instituto Médico Legal (IML) e Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos (SVO) atestaram 15% a 24% das CG N1 e N2 nos estados e 33% a 66% nas capitais. Conclusão: A qualificação dos dados de mortalidade deve envolver estratégias voltadas aos médicos de hospitais, pelo volume de óbitos e para os serviços de IML e SVO, e suporte para emissão das DO domiciliares, pela importância na geração de CG de maior gravidade.
Investigation of garbage code deaths to improve the quality of cause-of-death in Brazil: results from a pilot study
Authors: Lima Raquel Barbosa de , Frederes Ashley , Marinho Maria Fatima , Cunha Carolina Cândida da , Adair Tim , França Elisabeth Barboza
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction: Reliable cause-of-death statistics are an important source of information on trends and differentials in population health. In Brazil, the Mortality Information System is responsible for compiling cause of death (CoD) data. Despite the success in reducing R-codes ill-defined causes of death, other garbage codes (GC), classified as causes that cannot be the underlying CoD, according to the Global Burden of Disease study, remain a challenge. The Ministry of Health (MoH) aims to decrease the proportion of all GCs, and a pilot study tested a comprehensive strategy to investigate GC deaths that occurred in 2015. Methods: The research was conducted in seven Brazilian cities during five months in 2016: two rural cities, one metropolitan area, and four capitals. For all GCs selected, municipal healthcare workers collected information about the terminal disease from hospital records, autopsies, family health teams, and home investigation. The fieldwork was coordinated at Federal level in partnership with State and municipal teams. Results: Out of 1,242 deaths selected, physicians analyzed the information collected and certified the CoD in 1,055 deaths, resulting in 92.6% of cases having their underlying cause changed to a usable ICD-10 code. Discussion: It is noteworthy the capacity the health teams in the seven cities showed during the implementation of the pilot. Conclusion: After results analysis, the GC investigation protocol was modified, and the implementation scaled up to 60 cities in 2017.
Mortes por sepse: causas básicas do óbito após investigação em 60 municípios do Brasil em 2017
Authors: Santos Mayara Rocha dos , Cunha Carolina Cândida da , Ishitani Lenice Harumi , França Elisabeth Barboza
Published: November 2019

RESUMO Introdução: A sepse representa a ocorrência de síndrome de resposta inflamatória sistêmica desencadeada por infecção inicial de um órgão ou sistema. Quando a sepse é atestada como causa do óbito, perde-se o primo diagnóstico, condicionando perda de informação quanto à sua origem. Objetivo: Analisar as causas básicas após investigação de óbitos por sepse em 60 municípios do Brasil em 2017. Metodologia: Foram selecionados todos os óbitos registrados em 2017 no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade como sepse, e analisadas as proporções dos óbitos reclassificados após investigação em hospitais e outros serviços de saúde. Resultados: Entre os 6.486 óbitos por sepse ocorridos nos 60 municípios foram investigados 1.584 (24,4%) e, destes, 1.308 (82,6%) foram reclassificados com outras causas básicas. A faixa etária de 70 a 89 anos obteve a maior concentração de registros, com 49,3% dos casos. Mais de 60% dos óbitos por sepse reclassificados após investigação tiveram doenças crônicas não transmissíveis como causa básica (65,6%), sendo a diabetes a causa específica mais comum neste grupamento. Doenças transmissíveis (9,6%) e causas externas (5,6%) como quedas foram também detectadas como causas básicas. Conclusão: A partir das investigações dos óbitos por sepses foi possível conhecer a verdadeira causa de morte e as proporções de reclassificação. Essas informações contribuirão para melhorar a qualidade dos dados de mortalidade e para subsidiar o planejamento de ações em saúde pública no Brasil.
Intensive Neuromotor Therapy improves motor skills of children with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome: case report
Authors: Mélo Tainá Ribas , Freitas Jheniffer , Sabbag Alexandre de Aguiar , Chiarello Claudiana Renata , Neves Eduardo Borba , Israel Vera Lucia
Published: November 2019

Abstract Introduction: The Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic syndrome. Children with CdLS usually require physical therapy, however the efficacy of physical therapy intervention in this population is lacking in the research literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to report the effect of Intensive Neuromotor Therapy (INMT) on gross motor function and participation of a child with CdLS using the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health (ICF) model. Method: A Brazilian child with CdLS was followed for over seven months while undergoing three modules of INMT. Results: The child demonstrated an evolution of gross motor function with gains of 11.28% in the first module, 9.22% in the second module, and 10.29% in the third module of INMT. Conclusion: INMT resulted in improvements in gross motor function and participation during daily activities in a child with CDLS. Further studies of larger cohorts are needed to investigate the efficacy of INMT in children with CdLS.
Dizer o que Não se Deixa Dizer: Adorno e a expressão como atitude formativa
Authors: Correia Fábio Caires , Perius Oneide
Published: November 2019

Resumo: Propomos discutir neste artigo o conceito de expressão presente na filosofia de Theodor Adorno. O objetivo é pensá-lo como atitude práxica formativa. Ao transformar a teoria num corpus acabado de verdade, a prática coisifica o pensamento e, por consequência, instrumentaliza a formação. No intuito de romper a lógica da linguagem da eficácia, própria da prática, encontramos na ideia de expressão um espaço possível para a revitalização ou reconfiguração crítica desta lógica formativa, isto é, encontramos nele uma teoria como resíduo de esperança.
SUSTAINED VIROLOGIC RESPONSE RATE IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS THROUGH DIRECT-ACTING ANTIVIRALS THERAPY
Authors: TORRES Andréa Delfino , SPARVOLI Jucéli Maria Hendges , SPARVOLI Antonio Cardoso , GONÇALVES Carla Vitola
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In recent years the management of hepatitis C virus infection and the possibility of its eradication have been researched due to the importance that they represent in the health of the world population. Obtaining data that help to cope with this pathology improves the quality of life of those affected by it. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of direct-acting antiviral therapies provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in accordance to the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines of 2015. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients with chronic hepatitis C and the rate of sustained virologic response using direct-acting antivirals of all individuals that attended the referral service for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C at the Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande. METHODS: This was an observational, retrospective/prospective study with all patients with chronic hepatitis C who had their treatments available from December 2015 to August 2017 according to the criteria of the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines of 2015. In the first phase, the clinical and demographic variables of all individuals enrolled in a treatment for hepatitis C were selected and collected from the Reference Service database. In the second phase, treatment data were collected. The outcome variable, sustained virologic response, was defined as an undetectable viral load on the blood test three months after the end of treatment. The descriptive and bivariate analyzes were performed with Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s Exact test, adopting a P value ≤0.05 in the SPSS 20 software. RESULTS: Of the 252 participants in the study, 228 (90.5%) had a sustained virologic response, 55.2% were male with an average age of 58.6 years (SD±9.1). Genotype 1 was the most prevalent, observed in 54.4% of the participants, and 87.4% of the patients had moderate/advanced hepatic fibrosis. After the statistical analysis, it was observed that the individuals with genotype 3 and moderate/advanced hepatic fibrosis had lower sustained virologic response rate (P=0.05 and P=0.04, respectively). CONCLUSION: It was observed that the use of direct-acting antivirals, in comparison to previous therapeutic regimens, increases the sustained virologic response, reaching all patients with mild fibrosis. This study provides information that helps in the hepatitis C treatment by showing that prescribing early treatment for patients without hepatic fibrosis and/or genotype 3 virus could increase therapeutic effectiveness.
Breaking the boundaries of professional regulation: medical licensing, foreign influence, and the consolidation of homeopathy in Mexico
Authors: Berrones Jethro Hernández
Published: November 2019

Abstract As doctors sought state support to regulate professional training and practice after Independence, Mexicans also developed different attitudes toward foreign ideas, influences, and professionals. Leveraging the allure of the foreign among Mexicans, homeopaths strategically used work, products, and organizations from abroad to establish their practices and fight changing professional policies in the country that threatened homeopathic institutions. Homeopaths inhabited the blurry and shifting boundary between professional and lay medical practice during the early Republican period, the Porfiriato, and the post-revolutionary era, and used the ambivalent feelings about medical licensing, and foreign influence in Mexican society to consolidate their position.
Differences in soil electrical resistivity tomography due to soil water contents in an integrated agricultural system
Authors: Bernardi Alberto Carlos de Campos , Pitrat Thomas , Rabello Ladislau Marcelino , Pezzopane José Ricardo Macedo , Bosi Cristiam , Mazzuco Giulia Guillen , Bettio Giovana Maranhão
Published: November 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to characterize the spatial variability of soil electrical resistivity due to different soil moisture contents, in an integrated agricultural system. Soil electrical resistivity (ER) was measured with the Automatic Resistivity Profiling (ARP) contact sensor in two dates, in 2016, in a 9.7-ha area with different soil moisture contents. The obtained maps indicated that ER allowed delimiting the regions within the study area and pointing out differences in the movement and accumulation of water in the soil horizons. Although there is a trend of reduction in ER values with increasing soil moisture, the spatial correlation structure of ER is similar.
Observing Solvent Dynamics in Porous Carbons by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Cervini Luca , Barrow Nathan , Griffin John
Published: November 2019

The adsorption and diffusion of species in activated carbons is fundamental to many processes in catalysis and energy storage. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gives an insight into the molecular-level mechanisms of these phenomena thanks to the unique magnetic shielding properties of the porous carbon structure, which allows adsorbed (in-pore) species to be distinguished from those in the bulk (ex-pore). In this work we investigate exchange dynamics between ex-pore and in-pore solvent species in microporous carbons using a combination of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR experiments. We systematically compare the effects of four variables: particle size, porosity, solvent polarity and solvent viscosity to build up a picture of how these factors influence the exchange kinetics. We show that exchange rates are greater in smaller and more highly activated carbon particles, which is expected due to the shorter in-pore–ex-pore path length and faster diffusion in large pores. Our results also show that in-pore–ex-pore exchange of apolar solvents is slower than water, suggesting that the hydrophobic chemistry of the carbon surface plays a role in the diffusion kinetics, and that increased viscosity also reduces the exchange kinetics. Our results also suggest the importance of other parameters, such as molecular diameter and solvent packing in micropores.
Servikal Sitolojik Taraması Negatif Veya Önemi Belirlenemeyen Atipik Squamoz Hücre, Human Papilloma Virus Tarama Testi Pozitif Hastaların Reid İndeksi Kullanılarak Sınıflandırılmış Kolposkopik Bulgularının Histopatolojik Sonuçlarla Karşılaştırılması
Authors: KARİMOVA Roya , KARABÜK Emine , KADİROĞULLARI Pınar , ATEŞER Güler
Published: November 2019

Amaç :Jinekolojik kanserler arasında tarama testi olan tek malignite serviks kanseridir. Tarama testi olarak smear ile sitoloji bakılması ve Hpv tiplendirilmesi kullanılmaktadır. Serviks kanserlerinin %90’dan fazlasında Hpv pozitifliği saptanmaktadır. Çalışmamızda amaç servikal sitolojisi negatif veya ASCUS olarak yorumlanan, HPV DNA taraması pozitif olan hastaların kolposkopi sonuçlarını Reid indeksi yardımıyla yorumlayıp, elde edilen sonuçların histopatoloji ile karşılaştırılması ve tek başına HPV pozitifliğinin preinvaziv veya invaziv hastalığı tanımlayıp kolposkopiye refere edilmesinin gerekliliğini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler :2015-2017 yılları arasında SBÜ İstanbul Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde sitolojisi negatif veya ASCUS olan, HPV DNA sonucu pozitif olan 30-65 yaş arası hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Yapılmış kolposkopilerin kolpofotoğrafları ve histopatolojik biyopsi sonuçları hasta kayıt sisteminden çıkarıldı. Kolpofotoğraflar Reid indeksine göre sınıflandırılıp, histopatolojik sonuçlarla kıyaslandı. Reid İndeks skorlaması kullanılarak displazi derecesinin tahmini LGSIL, HGSIL  ve invaziv hastalık şeklinde sınıflandırıldı. Bulgular : Sitolojisi normal veya ASCUS, hr-HPV DNA (yüksek risk HPV DNA) sonucu pozitif olan 150 hasta taranmıştır. Kadınların yaş ortalaması 42.9 ± 8.5 idi. Hastaların %88.7’i sitoloji normal/HPV pozitif, %11.3’ü ASCUS/HPV pozitifti. Sitolojisi normal olan grupta %59.3 oranında HPV 16, 18 pozitifliği izlendi. ASCUS grubunda %5.3 oranında HPV 16 ve/veya 18 pozitifliği tespit edildi. Diğer hr-HPV pozitifliği %3.3 olarak görüldü. Reid indeks skalasına göre 0-2 puan alan hasta oranı %70, 3-5 puan %20.7, 6-8 puan %8.7 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Histopatolojik sonuçlara baktığımızda %82 normal, %10.7 HGSIL, %1.3 LGSIL, %1.3 servikal karsinom olarak gözlemlenmiştir.  Sonuç : Reid indeksi kullanılarak yapılan displazi tahmini ile kesin histoloji sonuçlarındaki displazi tahmini arasında uyum vardır. Kolposkopi bir sekonder tanı testi olarak anormal smear sonucu olan olgularda serviksteki en şüpheli alanı belirlemede ve lezyondaki displazi derecesini tahmin etmede yararlıdır. Çalışmamız sitoloji sonucunun normal olduğu hastalarda yüksek oranda servikal displazi, hatta kanser vakaları HPV DNA ile yakalanabildiğini göstermektedir. Kolposkopinin belli kriterleri olan bir skorlama sistemi ile yapıldığı taktirde histopatoloji sonuçları ile daha yüksek korelasyon  gösterdiği görülmektedir.
Las estrategias docentes y su implicación en el aprendizaje significativo del concepto de derivada en estudiantes de ingeniería
Authors: Medina-Cepeda Niorka Margarita , Delgado-Fernández José Ramón
Published: November 2019

Introducción: este artículo tiene como propósito determinar las estrategias docentes utilizadas para promover el aprendizaje significativo del concepto de derivada en estudiantes de Ingeniería. Para lo cual se fundamentó, teóricamente, en Ausubel (2002), Díaz y Hernández (2010), entre otros. Metodología: estuvo enmarcado en una metodología cuantitativa, siendo una investigación descriptiva con un diseño transversal y de campo. Se consideró un censo poblacional de siete profesores que conforman la cátedra de Cálculo I de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad del Zulia. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta y se diseñó como instrumento a un cuestionario de 42 ítemes tipo Likert, con una confiabilidad alta de 0,899 según el método de Alfa Crombach. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva mediante medias aritméticas. Resultados: se obtuvo como resultados que los docentes utilizan con una mediana presencia las estrategias para promover el aprendizaje significativo. Conclusiones: dado los resultados obtenidos se concluye que se debe organizar estrategias didácticas para optimizar el desempeño docente, y reforzar sus herramientas de enseñanza, actualizar sus conocimientos, nivelarlos con los avances de las TIC y convertirlos en facilitadores eficientes que garanticen el aprendizaje significativo esperado en el área de estudio.
Collateralized Debt Networks with Lender Default
Authors: Chang Jin-Wook
Published: November 2019

The Lehman Brothers' 2008 bankruptcy spread losses to its counterparties even when Lehman was a lender of cash, because collateral for that lending was tied up in the bankruptcy process. I study the implications of such lender default using a general equilibrium network model featuring endogenous leverage, endogenous asset prices, and endogenous network formation. The multiplex graph model has two channels of contagion: a counterparty channel of contagion and a price channel of contagion through endogenous collateral price. Borrowers diversify their lenders because of the counterparty risk, but they have to deal with lenders who lend at a higher margin. This diversification generates positive externalities by reducing systemic risk, but any decentralized equilibrium is constrained inefficient due to under-diversification. The key externalities here, arising from the tradeoff between counterparty risk and leverage (margin), are absent in models with exogenous leverage or exogenous networks. I use this framework to analyze the introduction of a central counterparty (CCP). I show that the loss coverage by the CCP reduces diversification incentives and exacerbates the externality problem which can rather increase systemic risk.
Formation of ledge in aluminum electrolyzer
Authors: Ivanova A. M. , Arkhipov P. A. , Rudenko A. V. , Tkacheva O. Yu. , Zaikov Yu. P.
Published: November 2019

A model unit simulating the actual conditions of electrolytic aluminum production was used to conduct an experimental study of ledge to determine its dynamic behavior (formation/dissolution) depending on the electrolyte overheating temperature, lining thermal resistance and cryolite-alumina electrolyte composition. A window was mounted in the front wall of the unit housing to change the lining material. Ledge is formed due to the heat flow generated by the temperature difference between the electrolyte and electrolyzer walls. The electrolyte cryolite ratio (CR) varied in the range of 2.1–2.5. The alumina concentration in the electrolyte did not exceed 4.5 wt.%. Shape change in the electrolyzer working space during electrolysis was determined by the thickness of the formed ledge on the walls and bottom. The dynamic ledge formation in the experimental cell begins at the overheating of 3–4 degrees. It was found that with a decrease in the thermal resistance of the lining material from 16 to 14 m2/W at the same overheating temperature, the side ledge with a greater thickness was formed, however, the decrease in the thermal resistance hardly affected its thickness when the ledge has been already formed. As in the industrial electrolyzer, the ledge profile formed in the experimental cell can be conditionally divided into three zones: bottom ledge, metal/electrolyte interface ledge and side ledge. The dynamic behavior of the side ledge was different from the bottom ledge: the higher the CR, the thicker the side ledge and the thinner the bottom ledge. Chemical analysis of components in the dry knockout showed that the CR and Al2O3 concentration increase throughout the cell height from top to bottom. It was concluded that the side ledge has a heterogeneous composition depending on the electrolyte composition and cooling rate.
Spheroidization of iron powder in a microwave and hybrid plasma torches
Authors: Eremin S. A. , Anikin V. N. , Kuznetsov D. V. , Leontiev I. A. , Stepanov Yu. D. , Dubinin V. Z. , Kolesnikova A. M. , Yashnov Yu. M.
Published: November 2019

The process of porous iron powder spheroidization in microwave discharge and combined microwave and DC discharge modes in nitrogen and helium plasma was studied with powder particle sizes ranging from 45 to 85 μm. The powder was obtained by air spraying and subsequent hydrogen annealing. Plasma spraying produced hollow spheroidized particles with a wall thickness from 1 to 10 μm. The share of spheroidized powder particles in their total volume was determined. It was found that microwave power rising from 1.5 to 5 kW leads to a linear increase in the spheroidization degree of iron powder particles. When working in the hybrid plasmatron mode, microwave radiation conditions are combined with a DC discharge and make it possible to increase the plasma temperature. When the ratio of microwave and DC discharge power is 1 : 1, virtually 100 % iron powder spheroidization is obtained. The metallographic study of spheroidized particles showed that their final size differs from the initial one by about 10 times. It was found that iron powder oxidation occurs regardless of the spheroidization mode. This is due to the insufficient purification degree of plasma gases. The structure of particle surfaces when using nitrogen or helium as a plasma gas is different. Experiments showed that the use of helium is more preferable, since the particles have only a slight roughness in comparison with the particle structure during nitrogen spheroidization.
Impact of high pressures during compaction of zirconia nanopowder on material structure formation
Authors: Porozova S. E. , Sirotenko L. D. , Shokov V. O.
Published: November 2019

The study covers the effect of compaction pressure during semi-dry pressing of zirconia nanopowder partially stabilized with yttria in a steel mold on the phase composition and microstructure of compacts and samples sintered at 1400 °C for 2 hours. An aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol was used as a temporary process binder. According to X-ray fluorescence analysis, the content of yttria in the powder synthesized by sol-gel technology (precipitation with aqueous ammonia solution from water-ethanol solutions of the corresponding reagents with the agar-agar additive) was 3.2 mol.%. The paper provides the results obtained when studying compacts and sintered samples by Raman spectroscopy, optical and atomic force microscopy. It was found that the increase in their density is not a monotonous process. There is a critical compaction pressure interval of Р = 400÷450 MPa where a sharp change in the material porosity, pore shape and size, microstructure and phase composition occurs. A monoclinic phase was observed in compacted samples along with tetragonal zirconia. Its content varies with a variation in Р values. The grinding of material grains is associated with the agglomerate destruction process and actively occurs in the interval of Р = 350÷550 MPa. A similar effect was observed by other researchers during zirconia nanopowder compaction who suggested that the nanopowder system response to the effect of pressure is related to the influence on the water component (in this case, the temporary process binder) and is due to the transition of one water form to another at 10–25 °С and 400–700 MPa.
DIMENSIONAMENTO, DESENVOLVIMENTO E ANÁLISE DE UM PROTÓTIPO PARA SECAGEM DE GRÃOS E AMÊNDOAS NA AMAZÔ-NIA ORIENTAL
Authors: Junior Oziel Almada Vaz , Antunes Arlindo Modesto , Duarte Gildenilson Mendes , Da Silva Magnun Antonio Penariol
Published: November 2019

O Brasil e uns dos grandes países produtores do mundo, sendo o setor de produção de grãos e amêndoa estratégico para a economia nacional. Neste trabalho foi construído um ventilador centrifugo de pás curvadas para trás movido por um motor trifásico com potência mecânica de 735 Watts com 1730 rpm e um dispositivo de aquecimento com três resistências aletadas e um silo com capacidade para 178 Kg. Verificou-se que para a abertura de 90° obteve-se vazão máxima de 12 m³. s-1, pressão total de 4523,9 Pa e temperatura de 45°C. O objetivo do trabalho foi dimensionar, desenvolver e analisar um sistema de secagem por convecção forçada para o processo de pós-colheita de grãos e amêndoas acoplado a um silo metálico, avaliando 3 diferentes ângulos de abertura de sucção na válvula de ajuste da vazão (90°, 45° e 30°) e as respectivas temperaturas atingidas em cada ângulo, bem como a determinação da vazão, pressão (dinâmica e estática), velocidade e intensidade de ruído produzido pelo sistema em cada ângulo de ajuste.
Aichivirus VP1 semi-nested RT-PCR v1
Authors: A Northill Judy
Published: November 2019

This RT-PCR is designed to detect Aichivirus A from human samples. It detects the VP1-2A region and is used for genotyping.
Western Blot v1
Authors: Dial Athan
Published: November 2019

Biochemical technique to separate protein based on molecular weight. Assumed to have homogenized samples.
IMPROVEMENT OF DIGITAL LITERATION IN ASPECTS OF CREATIVITY THINKING PARTICIPANTS EDUCATION THROUGH PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PBL) IN SOCIAL STUDIES (A Class Action Research Study in SMPN 30 Bandung)
Authors: Anggraeni Resti
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT This study aims to improve 21st century skills in digital literacy on the creativity aspects of students' thinking through project based learning. Creativity in thinking at this time is how to do combinations of various factors in human beings, the environment and the process of technological development that is rapidly changing so that it can produce new works that are useful or have social meaning. The method used is the classroom action research model of Kemmis and Taggart, the study was conducted on students of class VII-D of SMP Negeri 30 Bandung consisting of 32 students. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The theory used is the theory of skills in processing information from several experts which are then modified by researchers according to the needs of the research. The increase in digital literacy in the aspects of students' creativity in thinking through project based learning in social studies learning, based on indicators of increasing digital literacy that each cycle has increased, from the category of enough with a percentage of 46.6% in the first cycle then in the second cycle increased to 81.6 % in good category and in the third cycle increased to 88%. Based on the presentation above, it can be concluded that there is an increase in digital literacy in the aspects of creativity of students' thinking through project-based learning in social studies learning. Keywords: Creativity, digital literacy, project based learning.
THE EFFECT OF MIND MAPPING LEARNING METHODS ON SOCIAL STUDIES MATERIALS COMPREHENSION OF STUDENTS
Authors: Dila Firda Ratna
Published: November 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of mind mapping learning methods on social studies materials comprehension of students at Baleendah 2nd Junior High School. This study used a quasi-experimental method with the design of "nonequivalent control group design" with the pattern of "pretest" and "posttest" and carried out treatments in class VIII-F as the experimental class group and VIII-H as the control group used as a comparison. Sampling uses a purposive sampling technique. Data collection on the social studies material comprehension of students use questions as the main data. After the data is collected, the analysis is carried out quantitatively through hypothesis testing or T-Test. The results of the difference between "pretest" and "posttest" in the experimental class given treatment showed a significant difference in improvement, while the control class between "pretest" and "posttest" which were not given treatment the results were no difference or no improvement. It can be said that there are influences from mind mapping learning methods to on social studies materials comprehension of students.Keywords: comprehension of material, Mind Mapping Learning Method, Social Studies Learning
Sri Baduga Museum as a Source For Social Learning in The Material of People Existence in Hindu – Buddhism Period
Authors: Rosyana Bunga
Published: November 2019

This research is based on the social studies learning process that has been happening so far, limited by formal classrooms, educators only use textbooks as the only source of social studies learning, in order to achieve social studies learning objectives, it is necessary to choose learning resources that are in accordance with the material. Sri Baduga Museum is conceptually relevant to be used as a source of social studies learning in the subject of community life during the Hindu-Buddhist period. The purpose of this study is to find out the collections in the Sri Baduga museum that can support the material of community life during the Hindu-Buddha, to find out the activities which are conducted by students in utilizing Sri Baduga Museum collection that supports the subject of community life during the Hindu-Buddha period, to find out the optimization Sri Baduga Museum as a source of social studies learning in the subject of community life during the Hindu-Buddhist period, and to find out the obstacles of the use of Sri Baduga Museum as a source of social studies learning in the subject of community life during the Hindu-Buddhist period. Data collection will be conducted by observation, interviews and documentation. This study reveals that; First, there are collections that support the subject of community life in the Hindu-Buddhist period such as, replicas of Inscriptions, replicas of Arca, replicas of Candi. Second, the activities which are conducted by students are tour activities which is going around from the first floor to the third floor, watching movies, recording important things and taking photos as documentation. Third, optimization which are conducted by the staff are providing good facilities, as well as adding collections, revitalizing the Classic Period Room. Fourth, obstacles which are experienced in terms of funding.
Development of Education and Training Models in Improving the Professionalism of Economic Teachers
Authors: Budiwati Neti
Published: November 2019

The aim to develop models of education and training that are effective in improving teacher competencies. The research method uses non-experimental explanatory and R & D method. The research sample is a high school economic teacher in the Greater Bandung area. Data collection using a questionnaire. Based on the education and training model that was once followed by economic teachers, the results of the research showed that teachers of professional education and training are very helpful in improving teacher professionalism, the form of online learning is very difficult for teachers, especially those in remote areas. Therefore teachers strongly agree to use face-to-face patterns and material  support in improving teacher professionalism. Besides that the teacher strongly agrees that the Teacher Professional Education and Training and the teacher learning program with online mentoring can improve literacy and teachers who support professionalism.  Teachers state patterns of teacher certification through Professional Education and Training Teachers  should focus on professional competence. This study can determine the alternative development of the Teacher's Professional Education and Training model in positions and models, namely Teacher Professional Education and Training using blended learning and Teacher Education and Training Model Based on needs.
Evaluación de sostenibilidad agroecológica de dos experiencias de producción con énfasis en hortalizas, Venezuela
Authors: Silva-Laya Silvia Josefina , Pérez-Martínez Simón , Álvarez-Del-Castillo Javier
Published: November 2019

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la sostenibilidad de dos sistemas de producción agroecológica de hortalizas y plantas medicinales, en una zona periurbana (NUDES-La Limonera) y agrícola (FIRP) de Venezuela. Se realizaron observaciones descriptivas durante once meses entre 2014-2015. Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico; y se cuantificaron dieciséis indicadores de sostenibilidad en las dimensiones ecológica (IE), económica (IK) y sociocultural (ISc) mediante metodologías publicadas anteriormente. Se encontró que El NUDES-La Limonera forma parte de un proyecto político del Ejecutivo Nacional y sus indicadores de sostenibilidad alcanzaron niveles menos favorables, especialmente algunos IE (conservación de la vida en el suelo y dependencia de insumos externos) y IK (autosuficiencia alimentaria, papel del trabajo familiar, riesgo económico y diversidad de productos para la venta). Los ISc muestran mayor fortaleza, particularmente en la densidad de relaciones con otros colectivos, sin embargo, la satisfacción de necesidades básicas como la vivienda no fue satisfactorio ya que la tierra no es propia (solo la guardia y custodia). La FIRP forma parte de una iniciativa de productores organizados para la diversificación agrícola de los Andes venezolanos. Presentó los valores más favorables a la sostenibilidad en las tres dimensiones. Vale destacar que IK, la productividad y rentabilidad resultaron óptimos en los tres últimos años analizados y en ISc, la tierra es propia. Los resultados permitieron entender la importancia de las sinergias que se generan con las interacciones en los sistemas productivos como estrategia de sostenibilidad.
Efecto de la disminución de N total y aumento de NH4+ en la fórmula de fertirriego en el cultivo de clavel
Authors: Baracaldo Adriana Del P. , Díaz Manfreed C. , Flórez Víctor J. , González Carlos A.
Published: November 2019

Una alternativa a la lixiviación de nitrógeno en el cultivo de flores de corte es la optimización de la fórmula de fertirriego. Con el objetivo de estudiar la reducción de nitrógeno y el aumento de la proporción de amonio en la relación NH4+:NO3-, se evaluaron en condiciones de invernadero dos concentraciones de nitrógeno total (200-140 mg L-1 en fase vegetativa y 160-112 mg L-1 en fase productiva) y tres relaciones de NH4:NO3- (5:95, 15:85 y 25:75) en clavel estándar cv. Don Pedro sembrado en sustrato. Se determinaron en tres momentos de cultivo los contenidos elementales del tejido vegetal, el pH y la concentración de nitrato en los lixiviados. Se observó mayores concentraciones de Zn y Cu en el tejido vegetal con la disminución de N total; así mismo, se obtuvieron incrementos de N y Zn y disminución de Mg con el incremento NH4+, que, a su vez, disminuyó el pH en el sustrato. La disminución de N total no afectó significativamente el contenido de N en el tejido de la planta, pero si el contenido de NO3- y N total en el lixiviado.
Abiotic stress caused by foliar applications of boron to the yellow diploid potato (Solanum tuberosum, Group Phureja) cultivar Criolla Galeras
Authors: Gómez Manuel Iván , Restrepo Hermann , Rodríguez Luis Ernesto , Magnitskiy Stanislav , Manrique Lady , Garzón Alfonso
Published: November 2019

Foliar applications of boron (B) constitute a frequent practice in the fertilization of the yellow diploid potato and are generally done with excessive and empirical doses generating toxicities in crops. The effect of foliar applications of B at doses of 0, 0.5, 1.2, or 4 kg ha-1 was determined for physiological and metabolic variables and toxicity symptoms in the yellow diploid potato cultivar Criolla Galeras under greenhouse conditions using Na octaborate (20.5% B, 11% Na) or boric acid (17.5% B) as sources of B. Significant differences (P<0.05) were found between the sources and doses for dry matter (DW), leaf area (LA), proline content, and electrolyte leakage (ECh). The highest toxicity was observed for B applied as sodium octaborate at concentrations of 2 and 4 kg ha-1 B with a reduction of DM up to 40%, a decrease of LA up to 90%, a loss of 60% in ECh, and a significant increase in the concentration of proline (65 μmol/g fresh weight). The lower toxicity of boric acid at doses higher than 2 kg ha-1 B indicated that the octaborate Na presented synergism with B, which can result in a greater oxidative stress, causing instability of the membranes, necrosis and premature tissue death, as evidenced in the description of the visual symptoms. The doses of 0.5 and 1.0 kg ha-1 B for both sources resulted in positive responses in the DW and non-significant (P<0.05) differences with the control, associated with the levels of proline and ECh, which indicated a narrow range between the deficiency and toxicity of B for cv. Criolla Galeras, where the effect of the accompanying ion must be considered in the selection of the boron source.
Relationship between morpho-agronomic traits in tomato hybrids
Authors: Diel Maria Inês , Zamban Débora Turchetto , Olivoto Tiago , Krysczun Dionatan Ketzer , Pinheiro Marcos Vinícius Marques , Sari Bruno Giacomini , Schmidt Denise , Lúcio Alessandro Dal'Col
Published: November 2019

The objective of this study was to identify and estimate the relationships between production component variables and fruit yields in tomatoes. This experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with a 2×3×3 factorial arrangement, with two tomato hybrids (Netuno and San Vito), three doses of boron (H3BO3 - 0, 2, 4 g pit1)  and three calcium floral applications (no application; application every 7 days; and application every 14 days), totaling 18 treatments with four replications and 20 plants per plot. Pearson correlation coefficients were estimated between the measured variables and, after that, those with greater significance were selected for productivity with the Stepwise method and verification of multicollinearity using the number of condition and inflation factor of the variance. The correlations of the selected variables were decomposed into direct and indirect effects on fruit productivity with path analysis. There was a strong correlation between the variables, excluding the variables height, diameter and average mass of the fruits. Thus, there were cause and effect relationships between the independent variable total mass of the fruits and the principal variable total fruit yield. The variables diameter and total number of fruits did not contribute to an increased tomato production.
Planting method, nitrogen fertilization and inoculation for diazotrophic bacteria for Cantaloupe melon plants
Authors: Vendruscolo Eduardo Pradi , Oliveira Paulo Ricardo , Campos Luiz Fernandes Cardoso , Seleguini Alexsander , Lima Sebastião Ferreira de
Published: November 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects on plant development, productivity and fruit quality from combinations of planting methods, nitrogen fertilizer applications and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in Cantaloupe melons cultivated in a protected environment. A randomized blocks design was adopted with a 2×2×2 factorial scheme with five replications. The treatments consisted of combinations of planting methods (pre-established seedlings or direct field sowing), inoculation with A. brasilense (with or without) and nitrogen fertilization (with and without). During the vegetative phase, the height, stem diameter, number and length of plant internodes and relative chlorophyll content were evaluated. Fifty-five days after planting, the leaf nitrogen content, leaf area and dry mass were measured. At harvest, the number of days between planting and harvesting was calculated, and the fresh weight, circumference, length, bark and pulp thickness and fruit productivity were evaluated. It was verified that A. brasilense did not affect any of the evaluated characteristics. On the other hand, direct field seed sowing decreased the production time and provided good plant development. However, the size and productivity of the fruits were higher when pre-established seedlings were used, with or without inoculation with A. brasilense, fertilized with nitrogen. It was concluded that the combinations of the different sowing methods, nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with A. brasilense affected the development and characteristics of the Cantaloupe melon plants and fruits.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STABILITY OF COMMUNICATORS IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARATION FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Yunyk I.
Published: November 2019

The article considers the psychological stability of communicators as their personal property, which is included in the syndrome of the state of psychological readiness for communicative activity. Psychological stability is interpreted as non-inherited, but acquired property, which provides conditions not only for the rapid and qualitative creation of the generalized image of the imaginary model of reporting information to recipients, but also for its successful implementation during professional activities. This phenomenon is highlighted in two hypostases: the system of internal structure (process); external environment (result). From the point of view of the system-structural approach, this property of communicators is inherent in invariance, while from the standpoint of the effectiveness of the activity - the rate of renewal of the lost condition. The position concerning the role of psychological stability in determination of the negative influence of factors on the coordination of the reproduction of the necessary information by communicators under extreme conditions is substantiated. There are described psychological mechanisms of the influence of the phenomenon not only on maintenance of the unchanging corresponding state of communicators and on maintaining the coherence of verbal and non-verbal reproduction of information, but also on the implementation of resistance to internal or external obstacles. It is proved that psychological stability of communicators is subject to purposeful formation in the process of preparation for professional activity. Specific forms of its formation are: the preparation of communicators to leveling excessive action of any short-term or long-term stressors in the process of communicative activity; preparation of communicators to leveling out excessive influence of internal and external factors. It is revealed that the formed psychological stability of communicators gives them the opportunity to quickly find creative approaches to solving complicated tasks during the transfer of necessary information to recipients.Key words: communicators; recipients; psychological stability; stressors; formation; professional activity.
Legal Confidence as a Basis for the Stability of the Legal System of the Society: A Russian Dimension
Authors: Volodina S. V.
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes legal confidence-the most important dimension of social confidence. Confidence in law is a multidimensional and complex phenomenon determined not only by the effectiveness of the work of legal mechanisms but also by the conditions and factors inherent in a particular society. The author examines such aspects as a system of legal confidence, mutual influence of interpersonal and institutional confidence in the legal environment, the balance between confidence and non-confidence. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that confidence is a key resource that objectively determines the dynamics of legal consciousness and behavior. The more examples of effectiveness of the legal system and jurisprudence an individual sees, the higher his confidence not only in law and its elements, but also in the political order as a whole. In this respect, legal confidence seems to be more institutional and organized type of social confidence. A high level of public confidence in public authorities can minimize the risks of imperfections in the legal system, but it should not replace it.
The Basis for Exemption from Criminal Responsibility
Authors: Blagov E. V.
Published: November 2019

The article considers the reason, adequate cause, justifying exemption from criminal responsibility. In the criminal law literature there are numerous decisions on this issue, but their main body alone can not explain why a person is exempted from criminal responsibility. The author concludes that the basis for such liberation must be sought in the personality of the culprit. Under current criminal legislation, justifying the exemption from criminal responsibility can only be elimination or significant reduction in the public danger of the person who committed the crime. In the future, it is necessary to formulate the relevant provisions of the criminal law so that the basis for this exemption is only elimination of the public danger caused by the individual. Accordingly, Art. 76. 2 and part 1 of Art. 90 are subject to exclusion from the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and, on the contrary, inclusion in the chapter on the exemption from criminal responsibility of the relevant provisions of Art. 80.1 and part 1 of Art. 81 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
Employment Contract in France
Authors: Shoniya G. V.
Published: November 2019

The article examines some issues of the institution of the employment contract in France. The author examines the concept of an employment contract in the 1980s of the last century and in the present period, draws attention to the changes and reforms of labor legislation that have been carried out in recent years. At the end of the article, the author summarizes the results of the analysis and suggests conclusions. It is noted that the experience of French legislation, taking into account the diversity and specificity of labor of various categories of workers and forms of employment, deserves attention and study. This will allow the Russian legislator to take into account both positive and negative aspects for its implementation during lawmaking in the sphere of labor law, which eventually will ensure greater effectiveness of such an institution as an employment contract.