bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CİNSEL YOLLA BULAŞAN HASTALIKLARIN TANI VE TEDAVİSİNDE GÜNCEL YAKLAŞIMLAR
Authors: AYVAZ Gökçe , KAYGUSUZ Sedat
Published: April 2021

Cinsel yolla bulaşan enfeksiyon terimi, cinsel aktivite yoluyla bulaşan patojenlerin neden olduğu, akut ya da kronik olabilen, değişik özelliklerde lezyonlarla seyreden, infertilite, düşkünlük hatta ölümle sonuçlanabilen çeşitli hastalıkları kapsamaktadır. Cinsel yolla bulaşan enfeksiyonların bir kısmı döküntü ve ülserle seyrederken, bir kısmı da akıntı ya da her iki klinik tablo ile birlikte görülebilmektedir. Sifilis, genital herpes enfeksiyonu, şankroid, granuloma inguinale ve lenfogranuloma venereum genellikle ülser ile seyrederken; gonokok ve klamidya enfeksiyonları, bakteriyel vajinozis, trikomonas vajinalis ve vulvovajinal kandidiazis gibi bazı hastalıklar genellikle akıntı ile seyretmektedir.Tanı için bir kısım hastalıkta kültür altın standart iken, bir kısmının tanısı klinik kriterlere dayanmakta, birçoğunda ise doku veya lezyondaki eksudanın direkt mikroskopik incelemesi, nükleik asit amplifikasyon testleri ve serolojik testler (antijen veya antikor tarama) öne çıkmaktadır.Tedavinin amaçları patojenin elimine edilmesi, lezyon ve semptomların ortadan kalkması, bulaştırıcılık ve rekürren enfeksiyon riskinin azaltılması ile geç dönemde görülebilecek komplikasyonların ortadan kalkmasıdır. Uygun antimikrobiyal tedavi ile birlikte partner tedavisi ve yönetimi de kür için önemlidir.
Trombocitopenia como preditor de gravidade na dengue em pacientes maiores de 15 anos
Authors: Rodrigues Camila de Freitas , Bothrel Gabriela Brito , Silva Guilherme Castelo Branco Rocha , Costa Júlia da Silva , Faria Kathleen Emerick Paiva , Meira Melissa Andrade , Macedo Rafael Alves , Moura Alexandre Sampaio , Turci Maria Aparecida
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Verificar se a trombocitopenia tem caráter preditor de gravidade na dengue em pacientes maiores de 15 anos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura realizada em fevereiro de 2021, utilizando o portal da BVS Saúde. Resultados: A busca inicial resultou em 260 artigos, sendo que após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram analisados 17 artigos cuja população era composta por adultos maiores de 15 anos de ambos os sexos com diagnóstico confirmado de dengue. O número de pacientes avaliados entre os estudos variou de 32 a 22.777 (mediana: 320). A contagem de plaquetas variou entre as fases agudas e críticas da doença, mantendo-se por volta de 100.000/mm³ na fase aguda, mas atingindo valores de 51.000/mm³ na fase crítica. Cinco estudos avaliaram diferentes valores discriminatórios de plaquetas que se mostraram significativamente associados a desfechos desfavoráveis como óbito e hospitalização prolongada. Esses valores, apesar de variáveis, foram em sua maioria menores ou iguais a 50.000/mm³. Considerações finais: A trombocitopenia foi uma alteração precoce e associada a desfechos desfavoráveis, reforçando a necessidade de manter a contagem de plaquetas na estratificação de gravidade da dengue, podendo atuar inclusive como seu discriminador independente.
KESETARAAN GENDER PADA ABAD XIX DI INDONESIA DALAM KARYA RA KARTINI
Authors: Hermawan Ari , Purnomo Budi , Wahyuni Anny
Published: April 2021

Abstrak: Munculnnya gender di Indonesia pada abad XIX di tandai dengan pergerakan para kaum perempuan. Dalam artikel ini penulis telah melakukan penelitian dengan judul yang diangkat adalah “Kesetaraan Gender Pada Abad XIX Di Indonesia Dalam Karya RA Kartini. Penelitian inipun  bertujuan guna untuk mendeskripsikan dan mendapatkan gambaran secara rinci berkenaan dengan kesetaraan gender yang digaungkan oleh RA Kartini. Dalam artikel ini penulis mengunakan metode penelitian sejarah dengan pendekatan studi pustaka. Pergerakan kaum perempuan pada abad XIX sangat terbatas sekali  dikarenakan pemikiran masyarakat kala itu yang mempertahankan adat istiadat nenek moyang secara turun termurun sehingga dikenallah istilah “the second sex” anggapan itu melekat baik dari pribumi maupun pihak penjajah. Para kaum perempuan merasakan tidak adilnya budaya masyakarat kala itu. Maka dari itu, muncullah pemberontakan oleh kaum perempuan untuk mengahncurkan persepsi yang menyebabkan ketidakadilan itu. Sehingga muncullah RA Kartini sang penggaung kesetaraan gender dan sebagai pelopor emansipasi wanita dalam pendidikan di Indonesia pada abad XIX.
A Note on the Required Sample Size of Model-Based Dose-Finding Methods for Molecularly Targeted Agents
Authors:   Department of Biostatistics, Fudan University, China, S Hong , Y Sun ,   Department of Biostatistics, Fudan University, China, H Li ,   Department of Biostatistics, Fudan University, China, HS Lynn ,   Department of Biostatistics, Fudan University, China
Published: April 2021

Random forest has proven to be a successful machine learning method, but it also can be time-consuming for handling large datasets, especially for doing iterative tasks. Machine learning iterative imputation methods have been well accepted by researchers for imputing missing data, but such methods can be more time-consuming than standard imputation methods. To overcome this drawback, different parallel computing strategies have been proposed but their impact on imputation results and subsequent statistical analyses are relatively unknown. Newly proposed random forest implementations, such as ranger and randomForestSRC, have provided alternatives for easier parallelization, but their validity for doing iterative imputation are still unclear. Using random-forest imputation algorithm missForest as an example, this study examines two parallelized methods using newly proposed random forest implementations in comparison with the two parallel strategies (variable-wise distributed computation and model-wise distributed computation) using language-level parallelization from the software package. Results from the simulation experiments showed that the parallel strategies could influence both the imputation process and the final imputation results differently. Different parallel strategies can improve computational speed to a variable extent, and based on simulations, ranger can provide performance boost for datasets of different sizes with reasonable accuracy. Specifically, even though different strategies can produce similar normalized root mean squared prediction errors, the variable-wise distributed strategy led to additional biases when estimating the mean and inter-correlation of the covariates and their regression coefficients. And parallelization by randomForestSRC can lead to changes in both prediction errors and estimates.
Depression, Suicidal Ideation and the Big Five Personality Traits
Authors:   Stockton University, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, USA, Lester David
Published: April 2021

Aim: This study explored the association of the Big Five personality traits (OCEAN: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism) with current depression and a history of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Methods: A sample of 115 undergraduate students in the United States was administered measures of the Beck Depression Inventory, and the 15-item Big Five personality Inventory. The students were also asked whether they had ever thought about suicide in the past and whether they had ever-attempted suicide in the past. Results: Four of the Big Five personality trait scores (conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism) were associated with depression scores, accounting for 36% of the variance in depression scores. Among the Big Five personality traits, neuroticism was positively associated with depression, while conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness were negatively associated with depression. Conclusions: The Big Five personality traits scores did not predict a history of suicide attempts in the sample of American students, but neuroticism scores were associated with a history of suicidal ideation.
Point-of-Use Water Treatment Methods and the Microbiological Quality of Drinking Water in a Peri-Urban Community of Bonendale, Douala IV, Cameroon
Authors:   Department of Public Health, University of Buea, Cameroon, H Ngouakam , Cho J Fru ,   Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Cameroon, B Tientche ,   Estuary Academic and Strategic Institute (IUEs/INSAM), Cameroon
Published: April 2021

Background: The study aimed at assessing the knowledge of Bonendale populations related to safe drinking water; determine the microbiological quality and the household treatment practices of drinking water at the point of use (PoU). Methods: The study was descriptive and cross-sectional, conducted between November 2017 and November 2018 in Bonendale, Douala IV. A systematic random sampling method was used to select 237 households. Results: The main source of drinking water in the study population was dug wells (64.9%). The major activity around the boreholes was agriculture 50% (6/12) while agriculture and livestock rearing were practiced around 34.3% (12/35) and 42.8% (15/35) of dug wells respectively. Nearly half 110 (46.4%) of respondents had a good knowledge of physical properties of drinking water. Fifty-nine water samples out of a total of 60 tested (98.3%) were contaminated by coliform bacteria. Analysis of water samples indicated that 47.6% (10/21) of dug wells, 37.0% (10/27) of Camwater, and 41.2% (5/12) of boreholes had a total coliform count varying between 101-1000 CFU/100mL. And only a single Camwater water sample 1 (137%) had a coliform count of 0 CFU/100mL. Conclusion: These findings indicated the poor microbiological quality of point water used by Bonendale populations representing an important potential health risk of water-borne diseases. The results also reveal that a very high proportion of households treat their PoU before drinking.
MRI Brain Documentation
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Al-Namas General Hospital, Saudi Arabia, A Alahmari
Published: April 2021

In many clinical cases, a patient may come to the hospital with a neurological abnormality. This patient happen to have a normal brain MRI study that is recorded on the Picture Archiving and Communicating system (PACs) of that hospital. The previous normal study will help in identifying any pathology take place in the future easily. What if all the patients did have a previous studies for the brain as some kind of documentation? It will help a lot. The aim of this paper is to propose a new idea that required for all the citizens in a country to have a normal brain MRI study recorded on their medical file and this MRI study updated every five years by undertaking an MRI scan. The usefulness of this idea can be imply in different ways. For example; when a patient affected by any type of neurological issue, we have a morphological documentation for the brain prior to that neurological event took a place. As well, this is will provide a database for researchers to find pre and post neurological event documentation. Furthermore, it will help in detecting and documenting senile atrophic changes over the time. Sometime patients will have a “silent stroke” which has no symptoms which can be detected by the brain MRI scan.
Endodontic Surgery: A Review of Postoperative and Healing Outcome
Authors:   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil, LCL Gomes , JC Dutra ,   Department of Endodontics, Sao Paulo University, School of Dentistry, Brazil
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this review was to give the reader an update about the postoperative period and healing outcome after surgical endodontic retreatment. Endodontic surgery has become a standard of care for dental maintenance if conventional endodontic retreatment is not able to eliminate the infection, it is important to know how to manage the post-surgical care; due it might directly interfere in the healing outcome after the surgical procedure. Based on the results of the present review, the postoperative period after the surgery treatment is very mild, without any complications, being similar to any dental surgical discomfort, as swelling, bleeding and pain, which could be easily controlled with simple medicine. Regarding the repair after endodontic surgery, the length of follow-up time and the healing evaluation criteria affect the outcome, and 1-year follow-up periods might be insufficient to predict a long-term healing.
Is Sub-Commissural Annuloplasty a Safe Adjunct to Sutureless Perceval-S Aortic Valve Implantation?
Authors:   Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, A Roumy , M Verdugo ,   Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, MZ Gunga ,   Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, M Kirsch ,   Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, P Monney ,   Department of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, V Rancati ,   Department of Anesthesia, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
Published: April 2021

Background: Sutureless bioprosthesis aortic valves simplify surgery for aortic valve replacement (AVR) but some unexpected anatomical features of the recipients aortic annulus might preclude anchoring and lead to a paravalvular leak. Sub-Commissural Annuloplasty (SCAP) has been sporadically proposed to secure implantation under these circumstances. This study evaluated whether SCAP affects early postoperative outcomes and follow-up after sutureless Perceval-S implantation. Methods: We included all elective patients who underwent AVR (isolated or combined with coronary bypass) with the Perceval-S valve from March 2016 to August 2019. SCAP was performed each time the surgeon deemed it useful to improve anchoring. Results: One hundred and three patients were included. The mean age was 73.9±7.2 years and 36 (35%) were women. SCAP was performed in 34 (33%) patients, significantly more frequently in patients with large aortic annulus or bicuspid aortic valve. Perceval-S implantation was successful in 100 (97%) patients. Thirty-day mortality was 2% (n=2), of which one was related to the procedure. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative conduction disorders between patients with and without SCAP (respectively, 3 [9%] vs 7 [10%], p=1.0). At one-year follow-up, no more than trivial paravalvular leak was noted in both groups, and peak and mean gradients were similar in patients with SCAP than in those without (19.1±8.3 vs 17.9±7.1 mmHg, p=0.53 and 10.7±5.0 vs 10.0±3.9 mmHg, p=0.59, respectively). Conclusions: SCAP is a safe, simple and reproducible technique that might facilitate Perceval-S aortic valve implantation in specific situations.
Patient Experiences of Neurofeedback for Chemotherapyinduced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Case Series Comparing Real and Placebo Treatment
Authors:   Department of Palliative, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, S Prinsloo , V Vallone ,   Department of Palliative, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, N Moreno ,   Department of Palliative, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, H Sanchez ,   Department of Palliative, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, H Burgess ,   Department of Palliative, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, S Ike ,   Department of Palliative, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, D Novy ,   Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, C Barcenas ,   Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, Y Li ,   Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, G Lopez ,   Department of Palliative, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, E Bruera ,   Department of Palliative, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, L Cohen ,   Department of Palliative, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
Published: April 2021

Background: A major concern in interventional studies is the inability to accurately link patient report with objective measures. In this study, we associated functional brain measures with self-reported pain after patients underwent a neuromodulatory intervention. Specifically, Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) adversely affects many cancer patients but few effective treatment options are available, and mechanisms are not well understood. Objectives: We present three representative cases from a doubleblind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial which examined the efficacy of a targeted therapy of Electroencephalogram (EEG) Neurofeedback (NFB), in attenuating symptoms of CIPN. The primary outcome of the trial was efficacy of neurofeedback versus control groups. In this case series we explore mechanism, by linking patient reported outcomes with objective measures. Methods: Symptom descriptions and EEG data were collected for patients enrolled in neurofeedback, placebo feedback, and waitlist conditions. Subjective pain ratings and EEG data were compared before and after the 10-week intervention. Results: A patient receiving neurofeedback demonstrated decreased beta oscillations in Brodmann Area 6 (BA6) and reported noticeable decreases in numbness and temperature sensitivity. A patient receiving placebo demonstrated increased beta in BA6 and increased alpha oscillations in Brodmann areas 3 and 7 with improvement of symptoms. A waitlist participant showed no change in BA6 and reported increased neuropathic symptoms while on waitlist but subsequently received NFB treatment and reported symptom improvement. Conclusions: This case series indicates that NFB may be used to achieve targeted reduction in beta oscillations to treat CIPN. Possible mechanisms of action and implications for CIPN treatment are discussed.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemia on Knowledge and Habits during Lockdown Period in Spain
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Spain, Roca JA Ruiz , MG Zamora ,   Medicine and Odontology. Hospital Morales Meseguer Clinica Odontologica, Spain, Moya J Garcia ,   Medicine and Odontology. Hospital Morales Meseguer Clinica Odontologica, Spain, Fuster LE Pons ,   Faculty of Medicine University, Murcia and Research Biomedical Institute of Murcia, Spain, Jornet P Lopez ,   Medicine and Odontology. Hospital Morales Meseguer Clinica Odontologica, Spain
Published: April 2021

Objective: In April 2020, the coronavirus pandemic 2019 (COVID-19) was at its peak in Spain, what required the isolation of the population. Our study aimed at assessing the knowledge, behaviour and lifestyle during the lockdown due to COVID-19 outbreak, as well as the adaptation to COVID-19 recommendations. Material and Methods: Questionnaires were sent via e-mail and completed by 777 individuals (289 men; 488 women). The Questionnaire consists of 36 simple questions according to COVID-19 clinical management guidelines developed by the Spanish Department of Health. The structure of the questionnaire is organized in sections a) demographics of the population, b) knowledge about COVID-19 symptoms; c) habits and general prevention measures against COVID-19, and d) block concerning oral hygiene habits. Results: The response rate was 54%, with a mean age of 41 years. We found that during quarantine there was a change in habits and, if the individual belonged to a risk group, there was an increase in the frequency of hand washing (p<0.001), as well as in the consumption of tobacco (p<0.001), alcohol (p=0.02) and tranquilizers (p<0.001). During this quarantine period the interest in taking more care of the mouth was 14%, being higher if the individual belonged to a risk group (p=0.05). When studying the frequency of tooth brushing and comparing this action before and during the COVID-19 lockdown no differences were found (p=0.258). Conclusions: Belonging to a risk group increases the interest in improving prevention, hand and oral hygiene habits and should, therefore, be extended to the rest of the population by means of health education. Clinical Relevance: Health education programmers designed to improve knowledge about COVID-19 are helpful in promoting optimistic attitudes and maintaining safe practices.
Medical Weight Problem Diagnosis and Minority Women’s Desire for Thinness
Authors:   Department of Psychological, University of Houston, USA, N Olvera
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: Without appropriate medical weight problem diagnosis, minority women might have inaccurate views of their weight status. It is likely that receiving an obesity diagnosis from a physician will raise women’s awareness of their weight status and increase their desire or intent to control their weight. This study assessed: (1) the unique and combined contribution of medical weight diagnosis to desire to be thinner among minority women with overweight/obesity; (2) to what extent ethnicity/race moderated the relation of medical weight problem diagnosis to desire to be thinner; and 3) ethnic/racial differences in perceived and ideal body size, and body dissatisfaction among minority women. Methods: 366 Hispanic and 111 African American women with a mean age of 43.7 years (SD=15.9 years) completed a self-report health survey and figure rating scale. Results: Only 34.1% women reported having received a medical weight problem diagnosis in the past 12 months. Women with obesity (35.4%) were more likely to have received a medical weight problem diagnosis than women with overweight (11.8%) (p<0.001). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis revealed an association between a medical weight problem diagnosis (β=0.19, p=0.011) and desire to be thinner after controlling for ethnicity/race, researcher-estimated body mass index, and weight concern. Conclusions: The study’s findings provide evidence supporting the significant role that physicians’ weight problem diagnosis may play in minority women’s desire for thinness.
A Case Report of Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Getting the Diagnosis Sooner
Authors:   Department of Family Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, TX, USA, S Fuentes
Published: April 2021

Multiple sclerosis can often present with nonspecific symptoms leading to difficulty in establishing a diagnosis early in the disease process. Early diagnosis and treatment is of importance due to the associated decrease in disability for those that get treatment sooner. Here we present a case with a patient the presented with changes in vision and paresthesias. Her initial workup from the neurologist was negative and further workup was delayed until her symptoms worsened. After worsening symptoms, MRI revealed that multiple sclerosis was the cause of her symptoms.
Methanogenic Flora does not Influence Therapeutic Responses to Fiber during Chronic Constipation: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital de Viladecans, Spain, A Perello , AB Vega ,   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital de Viladecans, Spain, N Carrasco ,   Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Spain, L Martos ,   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital de Viladecans, Spain, I Garcia ,   Primary Care Center Gava II, Spain, M Garcia ,   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital de Viladecans, Spain, C Pons ,   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital de Viladecans, Spain, J Villaverde ,   Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Spain, A Abad ,   Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Spain, M Barenys ,   Barcelona University, Spain
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Methane gas production by gut microbiota has been associated with Chronic Constipation (CC) and delayed intestinal transit. Therapeutic fibre is a substrate for this fermentation and its effects are influenced by gas production. Our trial focuses on the possible deleterious effect of methane production in CC patients treated with fermentable fibre. Methods: A cross-over, double blind, randomized trial comparing two types of fibre, with different fermentability, partially (Isphagula husk) or poor (methylcellulose). Before and at the end of each 4-week treatment phase we evaluated stool characteristics, colonic transit time and hydrogen/methane production. Results: Seventy-six patients with CC were evaluable (93% women); mean age was 50.1 years; 19.8% had IBS-C/80.2% functional constipation (Rome III criteria) and 69.7% were methanogenic (M+). Therapeutic response to fibre was similar with Ispaghula and methylcellulose (25.0% vs. 22.4% p=0.62) regardless of methanogenic status. Colonic transit shortened significantly only with Isphagula (Beta=-17.2 h). In M+ group, methylcellulose reduced methane levels (p=0.004) and Isphagula had no effect. Both fibres produced no changes in abdominal pain (p=0.76) and distention (p=0.11). Conclusions: In chronic constipation neither methanogen status nor fermentative characteristics of fibre influences therapeutic response. Changes in colonic transit may explain different fibre effects in gas production. This randomized trial confirms the results of our previous, not controlled study, which ruled out a deleterious effect of methanogenic status using Ispaghula husk in chronic constipation. Therefore, his easy-to-get biological marker (methanogenic status) is not useful in this context.
Ciliary Ganglioplegic Migraine Associated with SACS Mutation
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Jeonbuk National University, Republic of Korea, JJ Kang , HM Lee ,   Department of Neurology, Jeonbuk National University, Republic of Korea, CS Ki ,   Green Cross Genome, Republic of Korea, SY Oh ,   eonbuk National University, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Republic of Korea
Published: April 2021

Migraine patients often complain of repeated attacks of monocular visual disturbance including scintillations, scotomas, blindness and pupillary dysfunction. Temporary pupillary enlargement of the ipsilateral side during migraine attack, although rarely reported, is referred to as an Adie’s-like tonic pupil [1]. Adie’s tonic pupil is caused by denervation of the postganglionic parasympathetic pupillary nerves, with light-near dissociation, and cholinergic supersensitivity. Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is characterized by early-onset spastic ataxia, peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, and pyramidal symptoms. ARSACS is caused by mutations in the SACS gene, which encodes the Sacsin expressed in various tissues including brain motor systems. Sacsin is believed to integrate the ubiquitin-proteasome system and Hsp70 chaperone machinery, which are important components of the cellular response associated with neurodegenerative diseases [2]. Here, we describe a patient suffering from chronic migraine without aura who developed cerebellar ataxia and unilateral mydriasis during acute migraine persisted after resolved headache. Presence of a SACS gene mutation is an expansion of the clinical phenotype associated with SACS mutations to ciliary ganglioplegic migraine. A 47-year-old female who suffers from long standing headache developed unsteady gait and poor coordination. With a diagnosis of migraine without aura based on the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-III) criteria, she was prescribed preventive medicine with topiramate and onabotulinumtoxinA injection on occasion. Physical examination revealed a dilated pupil in the left eye without reflexive constriction to light or accommodation which persisted after resolution of migraine. Except for anisocoria, no other abnormal findings were identified. Remarkable reduction of the left pupil size was observed in response to 0.125% pilocarpine (Figure 1). The patient also showed mild nonataxic spastic paraplegia but without distal weakness or pyramidal signs. A family history of migraine headache and other neurological disorders was denied. Nerve conduction studies confirmed the mixed demyelinating and axonal character of polyneuropathy. Brain MRI with angiography did not reveal any abnormalities.
Preferences on Online Gambling Activities among Adolescents: A Review
Authors:   Attention and Research in Socioaddictions (AIS), Mental Health and Addictions Network, Spain, Bueso V González , JJ Santamaría ,   Attention and Research in Socioaddictions (AIS), Mental Health and Addictions Network, Spain, D Fernández ,   Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain, E Montero ,   Attention and Research in Socioaddictions (AIS), Mental Health and Addictions Network, Spain, M Baño ,   Attention and Research in Socioaddictions (AIS), Mental Health and Addictions Network, Spain, Murcia S Jiménez ,   Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain, Gutiérrez A del Pino ,   Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Perinatal Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona—UB, Barcelona, Spain, J Ribas ,   Attention and Research in Socioaddictions (AIS), Mental Health and Addictions Network, Spain
Published: April 2021

The accessibility and availability of a variety of online gambling for adolescents is a public concern. In the current literature, it remains unclear in which activities the greatest prevalence occurs. Moreover, it is well-known that different types of gambling activities carry different levels of risk just as have distinct socioeconomic, and mental health-related consequences. The main aim of this study is to systematically review the current literature in order to explore the prevalence of different types of online gambling activities reported by adolescents and their relationship with other reported variables when available. It will be conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-P 2015 statement for systematic review and metaanalysis protocols. An electronic literature search will be conducted using the following databases: PubMed, PsychINFO, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using search keywords and logic as follows: “(Internet OR online) gambling AND (adolescents OR young people)”. Additionally, further articles will be identified through searching the citations in the literature selected. The overall percentage of online gamblers and the percentage of online gamblers for each type of gambling activity were identified or calculated. Seven-teen articles met the eligibility criteria. The included studies comprised 15 crosssectional and two longitudinal designs. Most of the research was conducted in Europe. The online gambling modalities detected were sports bets, card games, gambling machines, casino games lottery games, scratch tickets, bingo, gambling in social networking, stock market investment, and mahjong. Only two studies provided associations between a specific online gambling activity and socioeconomic and mental health associations, founding involvement in online sports betting and in online casino game is a risk factor to the development of disordered gambling. A consensus on the evaluation method of the problem and updated questionnaires collecting information regarding the new online betting modalities are critical.
Predictive Factors for Sensory Processing Disorders
Authors:   Department of Health Sciences, University of A Coruna, Spain, Gafo B Gandara , Lobete L Delgado ,   University of A Coruna, Health Integration and Promotion Research Unit (INTEGRA SAUDE), Spain, Montes R Montes ,   University of A Coruna, Centre for Information and Communications Technology Research (CITIC), Spain, Paz A Vila ,   University of A Coruna, Health Integration and Promotion Research Unit (INTEGRA SAUDE), Spain, del-Riego S Santos ,   Department of Physiotherapy, University of A Coruna, Spain
Published: April 2021

Background: Identifying sensory processing differences in children with sensory reactivity problems (both with and without prenatal and perinatal problems) is essential to providing interventions that enhance development and participation in everyday life. Methods: This study conducted a statistical analysis between the Sensory Profile-2 sensory questionnaire and the study variables: pregnancy, fertility treatment, delivery and prematurity (n=69). Results: This study yielded statistically significant differences in sensory processing at the visual level (p-value=0.003), in proprioception (body position) (p-value<0.001) and in emotional problems relating to stressful and traumatic pregnancy, prematurity (p-value=0.026) and high-risk pregnancy, respectively, among children with and without perinatal and prenatal problems. Conclusions: These findings confirm that there are differences in the sensory processing of children with sensory processing disorders who have suffered perinatal and postnatal problems compared to those who have not.
A Comprehensive Discovery Platform for Organophosphorus Ligands for Catalysis
Authors: Gensch Tobias , dos Passos Gomes Gabriel , Friederich Pascal , Peters Ellyn , Gaudin Theophile , Pollice Robert , Jorner Kjell , Nigam AkshatKumar , Lindner D'Addario Michael , Sigman Matthew S. , Aspuru-Guzik Alan
Published: April 2021

The design of molecular catalysts typically involves reconciling multiple conflicting property requirements, largely relying on human intuition and local structural searches. However, the vast number of potential catalysts requires pruning of the candidate space by efficient property prediction with quantitative structure-property relationships. Data-driven workflows embedded in a library of potential catalysts can be used to build predictive models for catalyst performance and serve as a blueprint for novel catalyst designs. Herein we introduce kraken, a discovery platform covering monodentate organophosphorus(III) ligands providing comprehensive physicochemical descriptors based on representative conformer ensembles. Using quantum-mechanical methods, we calculated descriptors for 1,558 ligands, including commercially available examples, and trained machine learning models to predict properties of over 300,000 new ligands. We demonstrate the application of kraken to systematically explore the property space of organophosphorus ligands and how existing datasets in catalysis can be used to accelerate ligand selection during reaction optimization.
Molecular-Level Understanding of the Influence of Ions and Water on HMGB1 Adsorption Induced by Surface Hydroxylation of Titanium Implants
Authors: Ranathunga Dineli T. S. , Arteaga Alexandra , Biguetti Claudia C. , Rodrigues Danieli C. , Nielsen Steven O.
Published: April 2021

Due to its excellent chemical and mechanical properties, titanium has become the material of choice for orthopedic and dental implants to promote rehabilitation via bone anchorage and osseointegration. Titanium osseointegration is partially related to its capability to form a TiO2 surface layer and its ability to interact with key endogenous proteins immediately upon implantation, establishing the first bone-biomaterial interface. Surgical trauma caused by implantation results in the release of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) protein, which is a prototypic DAMP (Damage Associated Molecular Pattern) with multiple roles in inflammation and tissue healing. To develop different surface strategies that improve the clinical outcome of titanium-based implants by controlling their biological activity, a molecular-scale understanding of HMGB1-surface interactions is desired. Here, we use molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulations to provide direct insight into the HMGB1 interactions and the possible molecular arrangements of HMGB1 on fully hydroxylated and non-hydroxylated rutile (110) TiO2 surfaces. The results establish that HMGB1 is most likely to be adsorbed directly onto the surface regardless of surface hydroxylation, which is undesirable because it could affect its biological activity by causing structural changes to the protein. The hydroxylated TiO2 surface shows a greater affinity for HMGB1 than the non-hydroxylated surface. The water layer on the non-hydroxylated TiO2 surface prevents ions and the protein from directly contacting the surface. However, it was observed that if the ionic strength increases, the total number of ions adsorbed on the two surfaces increases, and the protein’s direct adsorption ability decreases. These findings will help to understand the HMGB1-TiO2 interactions upon implantation, as well as the development of different surface strategies by introducing ions or ionic materials to the titanium implant surface to modulate its interactions with HMGB1 to preserve biological function.
Drug-Target Affinity Prediction Using Applicability Domain Based on Data Density
Authors: Sugita Shunya , Ohue Masahito
Published: April 2021

In the pursuit of research and development of drug discovery, the computational prediction of the target affinity of a drug candidate is useful for screening compounds at an early stage and for verifying the binding potential to an unknown target. The chemogenomics-based method has attracted increased attention as it integrates information pertaining to the drug and target to predict drug-target affinity (DTA). However, the compound and target spaces are vast, and without sufficient training data, proper DTA prediction is not possible. If a DTA prediction is made in this situation, it will potentially lead to false predictions. In this study, we propose a DTA prediction method that can advise whether/when there are insufficient samples in the compound/target spaces based on the concept of the applicability domain (AD) and the data density of the training dataset. AD indicates a data region in which a machine learning model can make reliable predictions. By preclassifying the samples to be predicted by the constructed AD into those within (In-AD) and those outside the AD (Out-AD), we can determine whether a reasonable prediction can be made for these samples. The results of the evaluation experiments based on the use of three different public datasets showed that the AD constructed by the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) method worked well, i.e., the prediction accuracy of the samples classified by the AD as Out-AD was low, while the prediction accuracy of the samples classified by the AD as In-AD was high.
Potential Energy Curves of Molecular Nitrogen for Singly and Doubly Ionized States with Core and Valence Holes
Authors: Bhattacharya Debarati , Shamasundar K. R. , Emmanouilidou Agapi
Published: April 2021

Our manuscript, presents the computation of potential energy curves of all possible singly and doubly ionized states of molecular nitrogen. Accurate representation of the potential energy curves of ionized states of N2 is essential to explicitly treat coupled electron-nuclear dynamics. In this work, we compute the potential energy curves of the valence as well as the core and inner valence singly and doubly ionized states of N2. These curves pave way to study the interplay between photoionization and Auger spectra when molecular nitrogen interacts with free electron lasers.Computation of inner valence or core ionized potential energy curve is not trivial due to the well-known problem of variational collapse of the wavefunction to the lowest energy state. We circumvent this problem by implementing a two-step optimization scheme within the multi-configurational self-consistent field approach. Such a two-step optimization scheme has been previously implemented to compute potential energy curves of core ionized states of di-atomic molecules with one hole. Herein, we show the general applicability of this two-step optimization method by computing potential energy curves of both singly and doubly ionized states of N2 with valence and core holes. Calculation of potential energy curves for core ionized polyatomic systems are scarce. Moreover, our approach is system independent and can be easily extended to calculate multiple-core ionized states. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first calculation of potential energy curves for doubly ionized states of a diatomic molecule with two core (or inner valence) holes.
Nutritional composition of fortified finger millet (Eleusine coracana) flours fortified with vitamin B2 and zinc oxide
Authors: Ramashia S.E. , Gwata E.T. , Meddows-Taylor S. , Anyasi T.A. , Jideani A.I.O.
Published: April 2021

Fortification is the process of adding minerals and vitamins that have been lost during
flour processing to improve the nutritional composition and reduce micronutrient
deficiencies. The study was conducted to determine the nutritional composition of Finger
millet (FM) flours fortified with vitamin B2 and zinc oxide (ZnO). The milky cream (MC),
brown, black and pearl millet (PM) flours were used as reference samples. Flours were
completely randomized in three replicates. Determination of the physicochemical
properties, vitamin B complex, macro and trace minerals concentration were conducted
for flour and reference samples. The moisture of brown instant fortified finger millet
(IFFM) flour was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for MC and black IFFM flours as
compared to other flours. The MC raw finger millet (RFM) flour had a significantly (p <
0.05) highest amount of Zn, 2.64±0.01 mg/100 g when compared to other flours. The MC
flour showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher values for vitamin B2 in both RFFM and
IFFM flours when compared to other flours. MC flours may be preferred by the
consumers due to its semblance to the maize white flour. The anticipation of the study was
to produce and characterise FM flour fortified with vitamin B2 and ZnO that may be
utilised for value-added products.
ФУНДАМЕНТАЛІЗАЦІЙНА СПРЯМОВАНІСТЬ НАВЧАННЯ ФІЗИКИ ТА ТЕХНІЧНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН НА ОСНОВІ STEM-ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Кузьменко О. С. , Савченко І. М.
Published: April 2021

У статті розглядається аналіз поняття фундаменталізації та формування особливостей вивчення фундаментальних понять з урахуванням розвитку сучасних тенденцій вищої освіти. Фундаменталізація забезпечує універсальне, системоутворювальне, інваріантне знання та сприяє його відбору з величезного обсягу нової наукової інформації. У межах знаннєвої парадигми інноваційного розвитку на засадах STEM‑освіти є пошук шляхів розв’язання цієї проблеми на рівні універсальних надпредметних знань, до яких належать методологічні. Окреслено принципи фундаменталізації, що ґрунтовно розкривають сутність STEM-освітніх показників та їх значення для подальшого вивчення професійно зорієнтованих дисциплін технічного закладу вищої освіти. Визначені нами принципи фундаменталізації свідчать про те, що зміст навчального матеріалу, форми, методи навчання, що використовуються в освітньому процесі з фізики на основі STEM‑технологій, мають відповідати системній логіці побудови тих професійно зорієнтованих дисциплін, теоретичною основою яких є фізика. На основі цих знань студенти зможуть моделювати пізнавальні та практичні завдання прикладного характеру з урахуванням концепції STEM-освіти. Відповідно до зазначеного потрібно формувати фундаментальне ядро знань і уявлень з фізики та методологічних STEM‑компетентностей, що є важливими для студентів у подальшому вивчення дисциплін прикладного характеру за освітніми програмами. Розв’язання цієї проблеми нами вбачається у визначенні міждисциплінарної інтеграції фізики та дисциплін технічного циклу через взаємозумовленість та взаємодоповненість науковості, емпірії та математизації. Відповідно, прослідковуючи фундаменталізацію змісту навчання фізики, потрібно враховувати узагальнені знання студентів на засадах STEM-освіти. У статті розглянуто як приклад визначення центра мас крила літака, де визначено технічний складник STEM-освіти (будова літака та його частин), інженерний складник – використання програми 3D-max для 3D моделювання літака та його конструкцій, а для розрахункових обчислень студентами використовувалась програма Excel. Визначено, що курс фізики для студентів технічного закладу вищої освіти потребує значної математизації та залучення елементів програмування, що сприятиме їхній адаптації до професійної діяльності, що зумовлено специфікою цих навчальних дисциплін.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ДОСЯГНЕНЬ УЧНІВ З УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ В КОНТЕКСТІ КОМПЕТЕНТНІСНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Мхитарян О. Д.
Published: April 2021

У статті уточнено методологічні підходи до розв’язання проблеми формування читацької компетентності школярів із низьким рівнем успішності під час вивчення української літератури та визначено методичні умови цієї роботи. З’ясовано зміст понять «учні з низьким рівнем навчальних досягнень», «компетенція», «компетентність» та подано їх тлумачення у площині методики навчання української літератури. Ключовими ідеями формування читацької компетентності «проблемних» учнів у ході вивчення художнього твору встановлено: необхідність урахування структури читацької компетентності як наукового підґрунтя розвивального навчання літератури; основними складниками читацької компетентності учнів є комплекс специфічних особистісних, когнітивних, естетико-комунікативних та ціннісних механізмів або сукупність визначених предметних компетенцій; діагностика реальних навчальних можливостей учнів як передумова індивідуалізації навчання; цілеспрямований розвиток особистісного потенціалу «неуспішних» учнів засобами мистецтва слова; потреба гуманізації педагогічних впливів; кореговане навчання літератури шляхом вивчення художнього твору в єдності думки та почуття; модельованість навчання літератури в напрямах корекції емоційно-вольових особливостей та розвитку пізнавальної сфери учнів; використання оптимального співвідношення методів навчання літератури, класифікованих за ознакою єдиного підходу до процесу навчання на методи організації, мотивації, контролю й самоконтролю читацької діяльності учнів із пізнавальними труднощами; технологізація корекційно-розвивальної роботи словесника на основі використання авторської типології навчальних завдань, спрямованих на підвищення ефективності читацької діяльності. Теоретичні положення проілюстровано на прикладі проєктування педагогічної допомоги для організації самостійного читання учнів, які мають низький рівень навчальних досягнень, специфіка якої полягає в розробленні орієнтовної системи запитань, що містить опорні вирази для ведення читацького щоденника такими учнями.