bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of a non-invasive prenatal test for fetal RhD, C, c, E, K and Fya antigens
Authors: Alford Brian , Landry Brian P. , Hou Sarah , Bower Xavier , Bueno Anna M. , Chen Drake , Husic Brooke , Cantonwine David E. , McElrath Thomas F. , Carozza Jacqueline A. , Wynn Julia , Hoskovec Jennifer , Gray Kathryn J.
Published: August 2023

We developed and validated a next generation sequencing-(NGS) based NIPT assay using quantitative counting template (QCT) technology to detect RhD, C, c, E, K (Kell), and Fya (Duffy) fetal antigen genotypes from maternal blood samples in the ethnically diverse U.S. population. Quantitative counting template (QCT) technology is utilized to enable quantification and detection of paternally derived fetal antigen alleles in cell-free DNA with high sensitivity and specificity. In an analytical validation, fetal antigen status was determined for 1061 preclinical samples with a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 99–100%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI 99–100%). Independent analysis of two duplicate plasma samples was conducted for 1683 clinical samples, demonstrating precision of 99.9%. Importantly, in clinical practice the no-results rate was 0% for 711 RhD-negative non-alloimmunized pregnant people and 0.1% for 769 alloimmunized pregnancies. In a clinical validation, NIPT results were 100% concordant with corresponding neonatal antigen genotype/serology for 23 RhD-negative pregnant individuals and 93 antigen evaluations in 30 alloimmunized pregnancies. Overall, this NGS-based fetal antigen NIPT assay had high performance that was comparable to invasive diagnostic assays in a validation study of a diverse U.S. population as early as 10 weeks of gestation, without the need for a sample from the biological partner. These results suggest that NGS-based fetal antigen NIPT may identify more fetuses at risk for hemolytic disease than current clinical practice, which relies on paternal genotyping and invasive diagnostics and therefore is limited by adherence rates and incorrect results due to non-paternity. Clinical adoption of NIPT for the detection of fetal antigens for both alloimmunized and RhD-negative non-alloimmunized pregnant individuals may streamline care and reduce unnecessary treatment, monitoring, and patient anxiety.
Mutational landscape of cancer-driver genes across human cancers
Authors: Sinkala Musalula
Published: August 2023

The genetic mutations that contribute to the transformation of healthy cells into cancerous cells have been the subject of extensive research. The molecular aberrations that lead to cancer development are often characterised by gain-of-function or loss-of-function mutations in a variety of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. In this study, we investigate the genomic sequences of 20,331 primary tumours representing 41 distinct human cancer types to identify and catalogue the driver mutations present in 727 known cancer genes. Our findings reveal significant variations in the frequency of cancer gene mutations across different cancer types and highlight the frequent involvement of tumour suppressor genes (94%), oncogenes (93%), transcription factors (72%), kinases (64%), cell surface receptors (63%), and phosphatases (22%), in cancer. Additionally, our analysis reveals that cancer gene mutations are predominantly co-occurring rather than exclusive in all types of cancer. Notably, we discover that patients with tumours displaying different combinations of gene mutation patterns tend to exhibit variable survival outcomes. These findings provide new insights into the genetic landscape of cancer and bring us closer to a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving the development of various forms of cancer.
Multivariate linear regression model based on cross-entropy for estimating disorganisation in drone formations
Authors: Gackowska Marta , Cofta Piotr , Śrutek Mścisław , Marciniak Beata
Published: August 2023

Static formations of swarms of rotorcraft drones, used for example in disaster management, are subject to intrusions, and must bear the cost of holding the formation while avoiding collisions which leads to their increased energy consumption. While the behaviour of the intruder is unpredictable, the formation can have its parameters set to try to balance the cost of avoidance with its functionality. The novel model presented in this paper assists in the selection of parameter values. It is based on multivariate linear regression, and provides an estimate of the average disturbance caused by an intruder as a function of the values of the parameters of a formation. Cross-entropy is used as a metric for the disturbance, and the data based are generated through simulations. The model explains up to 54.4% of the variability in the value of the cross-entropy, providing results that are twice as good as the baseline estimator of the mean cross-entropy.
Association between ambient air particulate matter and human health impacts in northern Thailand
Authors: Supasri Titaporn , Gheewala Shabbir H. , Macatangay Ronald , Chakpor Anurak , Sedpho Surat
Published: August 2023

Air pollution in Thailand is regarded as a serious health threat, especially in the northern region. High levels of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) are strongly linked to severe health consequences and mortality. This study analyzed the relationship between exposure to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 by using data from the Pollution Control Department of Thailand and the burden of disease due to an increase in the ambient particulate matter concentrations in northern Thailand. This study was conducted using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology considering the human health damage impact category in the ReCiPe 2016 method. The results revealed that the annual average years of life lived with disability from ambient PM2.5 in northern Thailand is about 41,372 years, while from PM10 it is about 59,064 years per 100,000 population. The number of deaths from lung cancer and cardiopulmonary diseases caused by PM2.5 were approximately 0.04% and 0.06% of the population of northern Thailand, respectively. Deaths due to lung cancer and cardiopulmonary diseases caused by PM10, on the other hand, were approximately 0.06% and 0.08%, respectively. The findings expressed the actual severity of the impact of air pollution on human health. It can provide valuable insights for organizations in setting strategies to address air pollution. Organizations can build well-informed strategies and turn them into legal plans by exploiting the study’s findings. This ensures that their efforts to tackle air pollution are successful, in accordance with regulations, and contribute to a healthier, more sustainable future guidelines on appropriate practices of air pollution act/policy linkage with climate change mitigation.
Serum metabolomics of hyperbilirubinemia and hyperuricemia in the Tibetan plateau has unique characteristics
Authors: Zhang Heng , Ma Xianzong , Xu Junfeng , Jin Peng , Yang Lang , Pan Yuanming , Yin Fumei , Zhang Jie , Wang Jiheng , Yu Dongliang , Wang Xiaoying , Zhang Mingjie , Wang Xin , Wang Dezhi , Sheng Jianqiu
Published: August 2023

Few studies have provided data on the metabolomics characteristics of metabolic diseases such as hyperuricemia and hyperbilirubinemia in the Tibetan plateau. In the current study, we sought to investigate the serum metabolomics characteristics of hyperbilirubinemia and hyperuricemia in the Tibetan plateau, with the aim to provide a basis for further research on their pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment. The study participants were born in low-altitude areas below 1000 m and had no prior experience living in a high-altitude area before entering Golmud, Tibet (average elevation: 3000 m) and Yushu, Qinghai (average elevation: 4200 m). Thirty-four participants with hyperbilirubinemia (18 in Golmud and 16 in Yushu), 24 participants with hyperuricemia, and 22 healthy controls were enrolled. The serum samples of subjects were separated and then sent to a local tertiary hospital for biochemical examination. Serum widely targeted technology, based on the ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) platform, was used to detect serum metabolites and differential metabolites. Compared to the healthy controls, hyperbilirubinemia patients from Golmud showed 19 differential metabolites, hyperbilirubinemia patients from Yushu showed 12 differential metabolites, and hyperuricemia patients from Yushu showed 23 differential metabolites. Compared to the hyperbilirubinemia patients from Golmud that is at a low altitude, the Yushu groups had 33 different metabolites. Differential metabolites are primarily classified into amino acids and their derivatives, nucleotides and their derivatives, organic acids and their derivatives, and lipids/fatty acids. These are related to metabolic pathways such as caffeine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism. Hyperbilirubinemia and hyperuricemia in the Tibetan plateau have unique serum metabolomics characteristics. Glycine derivatives and arachidonic acid and its derivatives were associated with plateau hyperbilirubinemia, and vanillic acid and pentadecafluorooctanoic acid were associated with plateau hyperuricemia.
Comparative dynamics of mixed convection heat transfer under thermal radiation effect with porous medium flow over dual stretched surface
Authors: Alam Mohammad Mahtab , Arshad Mubashar , Alharbi Fahad M. , Hassan Ali , Haider Qusain , Al-Essa Laila A. , Eldin Sayed M. , Saeed Abdulkafi Mohammed , Galal Ahmed M.
Published: August 2023

Due to enhanced heat transfer rate, the nanofluid and hybrid nanofluids have significant industrial uses. The principal objective of this exploration is to investigate how thermal radiation influences the velocity and temperature profile. A water-based rotational nanofluid flow with constant angular speed $${\Omega }$$
Ω
is considered for this comparative study. A similarity conversion is applied to change the appearing equations into ODEs. Three different nanoparticles i.e., copper, aluminum, and titanium oxide are used to prepare different nanofluids for comparison. The numerical and graphical outputs are gained by employing the bvp-4c procedure in MATLAB. The results for different constraints are represented through graphs and tables. Higher heat transmission rate and minimized skin friction are noted for triple nanoparticle nanofluid. Skin coefficients in the x-direction and y-direction have reduced by 50% in trihybrid nanofluid by keeping mixed convection levels between the range $$3 <\upepsilon \le 11$$

3
<
ϵ
≤
11

. The heat transmission coefficient with raising the levels of thermal radiation between $$0.5 < {\uppi } \le 0.9$$

0.5
<
π
≤
0.9

and Prandlt number $$7 < {\text{Pr}} \le 11$$

7
<
Pr
≤
11

has shown a 60% increase.
Self-supervised learning of hologram reconstruction using physics consistency
Authors: Huang Luzhe , Chen Hanlong , Liu Tairan , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: August 2023

Existing applications of deep learning in computational imaging and microscopy mostly depend on supervised learning, requiring large-scale, diverse and labelled training data. The acquisition and preparation of such training image datasets is often laborious and costly, leading to limited generalization to new sample types. Here we report a self-supervised learning model, termed GedankenNet, that eliminates the need for labelled or experimental training data, and demonstrate its effectiveness and superior generalization on hologram reconstruction tasks. Without prior knowledge about the sample types, the self-supervised learning model was trained using a physics-consistency loss and artificial random images synthetically generated without any experiments or resemblance to real-world samples. After its self-supervised training, GedankenNet successfully generalized to experimental holograms of unseen biological samples, reconstructing the phase and amplitude images of different types of object using experimentally acquired holograms. Without access to experimental data, knowledge of real samples or their spatial features, GedankenNet achieved complex-valued image reconstructions consistent with the wave equation in free space. The GedankenNet framework also shows resilience to random, unknown perturbations in the physical forward model, including changes in the hologram distances, pixel size and illumination wavelength. This self-supervised learning of image reconstruction creates new opportunities for solving inverse problems in holography, microscopy and computational imaging.
Assessment of left ventricular tissue mitochondrial bioenergetics in patients with stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Jones Richard E. , Gruszczyk Anja V. , Schmidt Christina , Hammersley Daniel J. , Mach Lukas , Lee Michael , Wong Joyce , Yang Ming , Hatipoglu Suzan , Lota Amrit S. , Barnett Sam N. , Toscano-Rivalta Rebecca , Owen Ruth , Raja Shahzad , De Robertis Fabio , Smail Hassiba , De-Souza Anthony , Stock Ulrich , Kellman Peter , Griffin Julian , Dumas Marc-Emmanuel , Martin Jack L. , Saeb-Parsy Kourosh , Vazir Ali , Cleland John G. F. , Pennell Dudley J. , Bhudia Sunil K. , Halliday Brian P. , Noseda Michela , Frezza Christian , Murphy Michael P. , Prasad Sanjay K.
Published: August 2023

Recurrent myocardial ischemia can lead to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). In this observational cohort study, we assessed for chronic metabolomic and transcriptomic adaptations within LV myocardium of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. During surgery, paired transmural LV biopsies were acquired on the beating heart from regions with and without evidence of inducible ischemia on preoperative stress perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance. From 33 patients, 63 biopsies were acquired, compared to analysis of LV samples from 11 donor hearts. The global myocardial adenosine triphosphate (ATP):adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ratio was reduced in patients with CAD as compared to donor LV tissue, with increased expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes encoding the electron transport chain complexes across multiple cell types. Paired analyses of biopsies obtained from LV segments with or without inducible ischemia revealed no significant difference in the ATP:ADP ratio, broader metabolic profile or expression of ventricular cardiomyocyte genes implicated in OXPHOS. Differential metabolite analysis suggested dysregulation of several intermediates in patients with reduced LV ejection fraction, including succinate. Overall, our results suggest that viable myocardium in patients with stable CAD has global alterations in bioenergetic and transcriptional profile without large regional differences between areas with or without inducible ischemia.
Building climate resilience, social sustainability and equity in global fisheries
Authors: Prellezo Raul , Da-Rocha José María , Palomares Maria L. D. , Sumaila U. Rashid , Villasante Sebastian
Published: August 2023

Although the Paris Agreement establishes targets to limit global warming—including carbon market mechanisms—little research has been done on developing operational tools to achieve them. To cover this gap, we use CO2 permit markets towards a market-based solutions (MBS) scheme to implement blue carbon climate targets for global fisheries. The scheme creates a scarcity value for the right to not sequester blue carbon, generating an asset of carbon sequestration allowances based on historical landings, which are considered initial allowances. We use the scheme to identify fishing activities that could be reduced because they are biologically negative, economically inefficient, and socially unequitable. We compute the annual willingness to sequester carbon considering the CO2e trading price for 2022 and the social cost of carbon dioxide (SC-CO2), for years 2025, 2030 and 2050. The application of the MBS scheme will result in 0.122 Gt CO2e sequestered or US$66 billion of potential benefits per year when considering 2050 SC-CO2. The latter also implies that if CO2e trading prices reach the 2050 social cost of carbon, around 75% of the landings worldwide would be more valuable as carbon than as foodstuff in the market. Our findings provide the global economy and policymakers with an alternative for the fisheries sector, which grapples with the complexity to find alternatives to reallocate invested capital. They also provide a potential solution to make climate resilience, social sustainability and equity of global fisheries real, scientific and practical for a wide range of social-ecological and political contexts.
An electrochemical microsensor based on a specific recognition element for the simultaneous detection of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid in the live rat brain
Authors: Zhao Fan , Tang Xuan , Guo Dongqing , Liu Yunxi , Chen Jing
Published: August 2023

A novel electrochemical microsensor with ratiometric signal output was proposed for the simultaneous detection of H2O2 and AA in the live rat brain.
A rhodamine based fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensor for the detection of Cr3+ ions and its utility in a molecular logic gate
Authors: Negi Swati , Gahlyan Parveen , Bawa Rashim , Singh Bholey , Bhandari Mamta , Kakkar Rita , Pani Balaram , Kumar Rakesh
Published: August 2023

The reversible fluorescent and colorimetric changes of S1 on adding Cr3+ and EDTA were found to mimic the ‘INHIBIT’ molecular logic gate.
Effects of targeted lung cancer drugs on cardiomyocytes studied by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Cheng Can , Wang Shuwei , Dong Jianjun , Zhang Shengli , Yu Dongliang , Wang Zuobin
Published: August 2023

The atomic force microscopy was used to analyze the physical properties of cardiomyocytes under the actions of EGFR-TKIs, which provides a new method for screening drugs and exploring the principle of cancer treatment at the cellular level.
Determination of major and trace elements in plant samples by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry with deep eutectic solvent extraction based on choline chloride and carboxylic acids
Authors: Zhao Wenzhi , Sun Yanfeng , Wei Xiaoyong , Niu Guangyuan , Zhou Chuanfang
Published: August 2023

DES-mediated extraction is a green alternative to conventional acid digestion for element determination in plant samples by ICP-OES.
Beyond nature's base pairs: machine learning-enabled design of DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters
Authors: Mastracco Peter , Copp Stacy M.
Published: August 2023

Data mining and machine learning are powerful tools for investigation and design of DNA-based nanomaterials.
Peptide–lipid hybrid vesicles with stimuli-responsive phase separation for controlled membrane functions
Authors: Nandakumar Avanashiappan , Ito Yoshihiro , Ueda Motoki
Published: August 2023

A peptide–lipid hybrid membrane with controlled distribution of the peptide and lipid was achieved by the introduction of a disulfide linker. The phase-separated hybrid membrane showed a temperature-dependent phase transition behavior.
In crystallo lattice adaptivity triggered by solid-gas reactions of cationic group 7 pincer complexes
Authors: Goodall Joe C. , Sajjad M. Arif , Thompson Emily A. , Page Samuel J. , Kerrigan Adam M. , Jenkins Huw T. , Lynam Jason M. , Macgregor Stuart A. , Weller Andrew S.
Published: August 2023

In crystallo solid/gas reactions of cationic group 7 pincer complexes reveal large adaptive responses of the partnering [BArF4]− anions in response to changes at the metal centre.
Homo- and hetero-halogen interaction based molecular associations in wheel–axle topology derived Sn(iv) porphyrin complexes: an experimental and theoretical analysis
Authors: Siddiqui Rafia , Rani Jyoti , Akshita  , Dhamija Swati , Shivam Kumar , Kagra Deepika , Sharma Purshotam , Venugopalan P. , Patra Ranjan
Published: August 2023

In-depth structural and packing features of homo- and hetero-halogen interactions in hexa-coordinated metalloporphyrins with the aid of X-ray crystallography, DFT and NCI-RDG analyses are described.
Mechanism of the interaction of toxic SOD1 fibrils with two potent polyphenols: curcumin and quercetin
Authors: Sharma Shilpa , Tomar Vijay Raj , Deep Shashank
Published: August 2023

Interactions between octameric SOD1 fibrils and polyphenols, curcumin and quercetin, observed through molecular dynamics simulations.
Operando studies of Mn oxide based electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Erbe Andreas , Tesch Marc Frederic , Rüdiger Olaf , Kaiser Bernhard , DeBeer Serena , Rabe Martin
Published: August 2023

Mn-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction are often studied by means of in situ and operando spectroscopic methods. Here, specific challenges for such studies are discussed and recent works are reviewed.
Determination of the surface properties and adsorption states of nanoporous materials using the zeta adsorption isotherm
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wu Chun-Mei , Li You-Rong
Published: August 2023

The measured isotherm data are used to determine the surface properties of the porous material and the state transition points of the pore filling process. An expression for the adsorption in the thermodynamic equilibrium region is obtained.
Lithium isotope tracing in silicon-based electrodes using solid-state MAS NMR: a powerful comprehensive tool for the characterization of lithium batteries
Authors: Berthault Manon , Buzlukov Anton , Dubois Lionel , Bayle Pierre-Alain , Porcher Willy , Gutel Thibaut , De Vito Eric , Bardet Michel
Published: August 2023

A simple methodology based on high-resolution solid-state NMR was used for the determination of the 7Li/6Li ratio in silicon electrodes. Isotopic tracing experiments were carried out using the 6Li labeled electrolyte and Li metal counter electrodes.
NMR chemical shift of confined 129Xe: coordination number, paramagnetic channels and molecular dynamics in a cryptophane-A biosensor
Authors: Hilla Perttu , Vaara Juha
Published: August 2023

Contacts between xenon and its neighbours cause paramagnetic channels due to hyperfine interaction between the nucleus and electronic orbital motion. This shows as a linear dependence between the xenon NMR chemical shift and the number of neighbours.
Direct observation of pressure-induced amorphization of methane/ethane hydrates using Raman and infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Noguchi Naoki , Shiraishi Yui , Kageyama Maho , Yokoi Yuu , Kurohama Saki , Okada Natsuki , Okamura Hidekazu
Published: August 2023

Methane hydrate (MH) underwent pressure-induced amorphization (PIA) at 2–3.5 GPa, whereas ethane hydrate (EH) underwent PIA at 4.0–5.5 GPa. The structures of amorphous MH and EH are proposed based on the Raman and IR spectra.
Sustainable and scalable development of PVDF-OH Ag/TiOx nanocomposites for simultaneous oil/water separation and pollutant degradation
Authors: Havelka Ondřej , Yalcinkaya Fatma , Wacławek Stanisław , V. T. Padil Vinod , Amendola Vincenzo , Černík Miroslav , Torres-Mendieta Rafael
Published: August 2023

Freshwater scarcity remains a global challenge, often exacerbated by oil contamination. The current study tackles this issue by cleaning oily wastewater while removing its dissolved organic pollutants with PVDF-OH Ag/TiOx sustainable nanocomposites.
Correction: Undenatured type II collagen prevents and treats osteoarthritis and motor function degradation in T2DM patients and db/db mice
Authors: Rui Fan , Jiawei Kang , Yuntao Hao , Xinran Liu , Jiani Hu , Ruixue Mao , Rui Liu , Na Zhu , Meihong Xu , Yong Li
Published: August 2023

Correction for ‘Undenatured type II collagen prevents and treats osteoarthritis and motor function degradation in T2DM patients and db/db mice’ by Fan Rui et al., Food Funct., 2021, 12, 4373–4391, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0FO03011B.
Selective oxidative upgrade of waste polystyrene plastics by nitric acid to produce benzoic acid
Authors: Luo Xi , Zhan Jiahui , Mei Qingqing , Zhang Shicheng
Published: August 2023

The method of oxidative upgrade by nitric acid is used to convert polystyrene plastic into a high-value chemical raw material, benzoic acid. The yield can reach nearly 90% at 180 °C within 3 h, while the purity of the product can reach more than 95%.
Combined pyro-hydrometallurgical technology for recovering valuable metal elements from spent lithium-ion batteries: a review of recent developments
Authors: He Minyu , Jin Xi , Zhang Xiaogang , Duan Xinxi , Zhang Pengyang , Teng Liumei , Liu Qingcai , Liu Weizao
Published: August 2023

A combined pyro-metallurgical process with green chemistry principles for the recycling of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries is reviewed.
An overview on the recycling of waste poly(vinyl chloride)
Authors: Jiang Xinyao , Zhu Bing , Zhu Maiyong
Published: August 2023

The environmental threat of waste polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is growing. But the unique chemical structure of PVC makes its recycling itself have the ability to cause environmental harm. More advanced recycling processes are required.
Correction: Large scale recyclable monolithic methyltrimethoxysilane aerogels formed by self-reinforcement
Authors: Odling Gylen , Logan Hannah , Chan Aaron , Bissell Andrew J. , Pulham Colin R. , Oliver David E.
Published: August 2023

Correction for ‘Large scale recyclable monolithic methyltrimethoxysilane aerogels formed by self-reinforcement’ by Gylen Odling et al., Mater. Adv., 2023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ma00085k.
Past, present and future of xanthine oxidase inhibitors: design strategies, structural and pharmacological insights, patents and clinical trials
Authors: Singh Atamjit , Singh Karanvir , Sharma Aman , Kaur Kirandeep , Chadha Renu , Singh Bedi Preet Mohinder
Published: August 2023

Xanthine oxidase, a molybdo-flavoenzyme, and an isoform of xanthine dehydrogenase both exist as xanthine oxidoreductase and are responsible for purine catabolism.
Emerging memristive artificial neuron and synapse devices for the neuromorphic electronics era
Authors: Li Jiayi , Abbas Haider , Ang Diing Shenp , Ali Asif , Ju Xin
Published: August 2023

A review and universal benchmark for assessing the artificial neuron and synapse device performance from an energy perspective, with the introduction of neuromorphics from biological to electronics and their prospects.
Structural evolution, charge transfer and bonding properties of medium-sized atomic rubidium-doped boron clusters
Authors: Gao Jia Hui , Hu Yan Fei , Li Qing Yang , Wang Qian , Wang Ying Ying , Liu Ting , Huang Teng Xing
Published: August 2023

In this work, the bonding properties of B8Rb2 cluster were characterized by molecular orbitals and bonding order. The electrostatic potentials of the clusters were also analyzed, and the interaction of particles between the alkali metal orbitals and the boron backbone was found.
Near infrared triggered cascade reactions for photothermal/chemodynamic synergistic therapy
Authors: An Peijing , Yin Songjinma , Qiang Yule , Shui Fuyi , Zhang Qiao , Zhao Congbiao , Zhou Haipin , Yu Fenyu
Published: August 2023

This rationally designed nanoreactor combines PTT/CDT with a stimuli-responsive drug-delivery nanoplatform and explores a new cure to safely and effectively fight tumors.
(001)-TiO2 nanosheets loaded on BiOI improve carrier separation and enhance the photocatalytic activity
Authors: Mai Xin , Gao Ran , Zhang Yeheng , Chen Junnan , Lin Wensong , Mai Chengli
Published: August 2023

(001)-TiO2/BiOI photocatalysts with microsphere morphology were synthesized by a solvothermal method.
New betulin imine derivatives with antioxidant and selective antitumor activity
Authors: Iftime Manuela-Maria , Ailiesei Gabriela Liliana , Shova Sergiu , Miron Camelia , Tanaka Hiromasa , Hori Masaru , Marin Luminita
Published: August 2023

Betulin is a naturally originating terpenoid, which attracted the attention of researchers due to its bioactive properties, including antitumor activity.
Design, semi-synthesis and molecular docking of new antibacterial and antibiofilm triazole conjugates from hydroxy-triterpene acids and fluoroquinolones
Authors: Boulila Besma , Horchani Mabrouk , Duval Raphael , Othman Mohamed , Daïch Adam , Ben Jannet Hichem , Romdhane Anis , Lawson Ata Martin
Published: August 2023

Maslinic acid- and oleanolic acid-based hyrids with potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were designed and semi-synthesized from pentacyclic triterpene acids isolated from olive oil manufacturing solid waste.
A hybrid graphene metamaterial absorber for enhanced modulation and molecular fingerprint retrieval
Authors: Chen Ziwei , Li Dongxiao , Zhou Hong , Liu Tao , Mu Xiaojing
Published: August 2023

A pixelated electrically tunable hybrid graphene metamaterial absorber with broadband response for molecular fingerprint retrieval.
Asymmetric synthesis of chiral pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-ones under carbene catalysis
Authors: Wu Qianqian , Han Jinna , Huang Jie , Zhang Hailong , Ren Min , Zhang Xiaoxiang , Fu Zhenqian
Published: August 2023

A structurally diverse set of chiral pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-ones was efficiently prepared in excellent yields with excellent enantioselectivities via N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed oxidative [3 + 3] annulation of enals with pyrazol-5-amines.
Synthesis of 3-chloropiperidines by iodide-mediated electrolysis
Authors: Kirchner Michael , Dubinina Yana , Göttlich Richard
Published: August 2023

We report a method for the electroorganic synthesis of 3-chloropiperidines in an undivided cell at room temperature. Through the use of TBAI as a redox mediator, the reaction proceeds without the use of an oxidant in stoichiometric quantity.
Fluoroarylation ofgem-difluorostyrenes through a Pd-catalysed aryl C–H bond activation cascade
Authors: Chen Lei , Pu Jun , Ye Peng , Wang Shuang , Mao Yang-Jie , Xu Zhen-Yuan , Lou Shao-Jie , Xu Dan-Qian
Published: August 2023

A novel fluoroarylation of gem-difluorostyrenes with AgF and (hetero)arenes through a Pd(ii)-catalysed C(aryl)–H activation cascade was developed, constituting an efficient method to access CF3-substituted fluorenes and 1,1-diarylmethanes.
Polyhaloalkanes as the C1 source: radical-mediated migratory carbonylation of alkenes with polyhaloalkanes toward α,β-unsaturated carbonyls
Authors: Zhang Tian-Bao , Yao Yong , Qin Jing-Hao , Sun Qing , Li Aimin , He Qing , Li Jin-Heng , Ouyang Xuan-Hui
Published: August 2023

An unprecedented copper-promoted radical-mediated alkenyl C(sp2)–H carbonylation of alkenes with polyhaloalkanes for divergently producing α,β-unsaturated esters and aldehydes is presented.
Correction: Functionalization of 10-azacorroles: nitration, bromination and acylation
Authors: Li Sha , Zhu Yuhuan , Li Xiaofang , Zhang Shaowei , Białek Michał J. , Chmielewski Piotr J.
Published: August 2023

Correction for ‘Functionalization of 10-azacorroles: nitration, bromination and acylation’ by Sha Li et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3qo00805c.
Electron delocalization of robust high-nuclear bismuth-oxo clusters for promoted CO2electroreduction
Authors: Hou Baoshan , Zheng Haiyan , Zhang Kunhao , Wu Qi , Qin Chao , Sun Chunyi , Pan Qinhe , Kang Zhenhui , Wang Xinlong , Su Zhongmin
Published: August 2023

A family of calix[8]arene-protected bismuth-oxo clusters from Bi4to Bi40Mo2was prepared. And BiOC-5 showed excellent performance for CO2→ HCOOH conversion with a faradaic efficiency of 97% at −0.95 Vvs.RHE.
A green synthetic approach: crystalline–amorphous interface CoFe-LDH as a sustainable electrocatalyst for water oxidation with low cell voltage and evaluation of its sustainability standards
Authors: Vishnu Bakthavachalam , Sriram Sundarraj , Jayabharathi Jayaraman
Published: August 2023

The manufacture of exceptionally effective and durable layered double hydroxide electrocatalysts made from earth abundant elements yields emerging components in green energy generation.
Enhanced thermal and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 by (Fe, La)-co-doping
Authors: Wu Ruifeng , Li Haibing , Liu Yafei , Chang Aimin , Zhang Bo
Published: August 2023

Enhanced thermal and dielectric properties by (Fe, La)-co-doping to modulate the electrical transport properties of grains and grain boundaries of CaCu3Ti4O12 materials.
In search for structural targets for engineering d-amino acid transaminase: modulation of pH optimum and substrate specificity
Authors: Shilova Sofia A. , Matyuta Ilya O. , Khrenova Maria G. , Nikolaeva Alena Y. , Klyachko Natalia L. , Minyaev Mikhail E. , Khomutov Alex R. , Boyko Konstantin M. , Popov Vladimir O. , Bezsudnova Ekaterina Yu.
Published: August 2023

The development of biocatalysts requires reorganization of the enzyme's active site to facilitate the productive binding of the target substrate and improve turnover number at desired conditions. Pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) - dependent transaminases are highly efficient biocatalysts for asymmetric amination of ketones and keto acids. However, transaminases, being stereoselective enzymes, have a narrow substrate specificity due to the ordered structure of the active site and work only in neutral-alkaline media. Here, we investigated the d-amino acid transaminase from Aminobacterium colombiense, with the active site organized differently from that of the canonical d-amino acid transaminase from Bacillus sp. YM-1. Using a combination of site-directed mutagenesis, kinetic analysis, molecular modeling, and structural analysis we determined the active site residues responsible for substrate binding, substrate differentiation, thermostability of a functional dimer, and affecting the pH optimum. We demonstrated that the high specificity toward d-glutamate/α-ketoglutarate is due to the interactions of a γ-carboxylate group with K237 residue, while binding of other substrates stems from the effectiveness of their accommodation in the active site optimized for d-glutamate/α-ketoglutarate binding. Furthermore, we showed that the K237A substitution shifts the catalytic activity optimum to acidic pH. Our findings are useful for achieving target substrate specificity and demonstrate the potential for developing and optimizing transaminases for various applications.
DC‐side stability analysis of grid‐tied converter with different control modes based on electrical torque analysis
Authors: Zhang Xu , Li Yujun , Li Jiapeng , Wu Ting , Yang Songhao , Hao Zhiguo
Published: August 2023

The DC‐side stability of the grid‐tied converter under different control modes is fully investigated using electrical torque analysis. The small‐signal model of a single converter connected to an ideal DC bus under various control modes is formulated. Accordingly, the damping and synchronising coefficient contributed by the DC network and controllers of grid‐tied converter are separately accessed using the electrical torque analysis method and the stabilising conditions of the grid‐tied converter operating under different control modes are further derived. The system stability mainly corresponds with DC network dynamics under constant active power control mode. On the contrary, the grid‐tied converter under constant DC‐link voltage control mode has no stability problem. Generally, elevating the DC‐link capacitance or decreasing the droop gain can greatly improve the stability margin reserve of the VSC‐HVDC links. In addition, the control gains of the classical PQ controller are proven to have limited impacts on DC‐side system stability. Finally, the results of numerical simulation prove the validity of the proposed stability analysis method and the stable boundary for the grid‐tied converter with different control modes.
The mechanisms of enhanced thickness‐dependent DC breakdown strength of EP/MWCNTs nanocomposites
Authors: Li Zhen , Gao He , Zhang Longfei , Wang Shouming , Liu Ji , Li Shengtao
Published: August 2023

Owing to advanced power electronic and electrical applications developing towards miniaturisation and integration, the thickness‐dependent DC breakdown mechanism of epoxy/multiwall‐carbon‐nanotube nanocomposites is under investigation. The results indicate that the breakdown strength of nanocomposites containing 0.05 wt% multiwall‐carbon‐nanotubes rises by ∼18%, and the breakdown strength falls exponentially with increasing thickness. To clarify the microscopic mechanism, a simulation model of DC breakdown, including carriers transport and segmental dynamics, is developed, and the accordant simulation results with experimental results indicate that the thickness‐dependent DC breakdown of epoxy/multiwall‐carbon‐nanotube nanocomposites is determined both by segment chain dynamics and charge transport. According to the breakdown model analysis, the effects of multiwall‐carbon‐nanotube on enhanced breakdown strength are caused by the increased amount of deep traps in the interfacial region, while the influence of thickness is attributed to the enlarged segment chain displacement and electric field distortion as the voltage raising time increases.
A lightweight deep learning model for real‐time face recognition
Authors: Deng Zong‐Yue , Chiang Hsin‐Han , Kang Li‐Wei , Li Hsiao‐Chi
Published: August 2023

Lightweight deep learning models for face recognition are becoming increasingly crucial for deployment on resource‐constrained devices such as embedded systems or mobile devices. This paper presents a highly efficient and compact deep learning (DL) model that achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance on various face recognition benchmarks. The developed DL model employs one‐ or few‐shot learning to obtain effective feature embeddings and draws inspiration from FaceNet with significant refinements to achieve a memory size of only 3.5 MB—about 30 times smaller than FaceNet—while maintaining high accuracy and real‐time performance. The study demonstrates the model's effectiveness through extensive experiments, which include testing on public datasets and the model's ability to recognize occluded faces in uncontrolled environments using grayscale input images. Compared to the state‐of‐the‐art lightweight models, the proposed model requires fewer FLOPs (0.06G), has a smaller number of parameters (1.2 M), and occupies a smaller model size (3.5 MB) while achieving a competitive level of recognition accuracy and real‐time performance. The results show that the model is well‐suited for deployment in embedded domains, including live entrance security checks, driver authorization, and in‐class attendance systems. The entire code of FN8 is available on GitHub.
An improved coupled inductor‐based quadratic step‐up DC–DC converter with a high step‐up factor and reduced voltage overshoot on the power switch
Authors: Izadi Mahnaz , Mosallanejad Ali , Eshkevari Alireza Lahooti
Published: August 2023

Most coupled inductor‐based step‐up DC–DC converters encounter a significant voltage overshoot on their power switch due to the leakage inductance of the coupled inductor. So, they need additional bulky snubber circuits or a sophisticated procedure for coupled inductor design to reduce that effect. This paper proposes an improved coupled inductor‐based DC–DC converter, which provides a high quadratic voltage conversion ratio without excessive voltage stresses on the power switch. An active clamp circuit that operates with the zero‐voltage switching (ZVS) feature has been utilized for this aim. This feature allows the main power switch to be selected from low voltage ratings and low on‐resistance MOSFETs, which reduces conduction loss. The topology also benefits from continuous input current, high gain, high efficiency, and an appropriate number of components compared with the produced gain. In this article, the theory and operation of this converter are described by proposing the dc and small‐signal models, loss model, and continuous and discontinuous current modes (CCM and DCM) relations. Experimental results are represented to evaluate the performance of the proposed topology. For this purpose, a 240 V/240 W prototype has been designed and fabricated. Results confirm the above claims.
Deriving physical parameters of unresolved star clusters
Authors: Kriščiūnas Eimantas , Daugevičius Karolis , Stonkutė Rima , Vansevičius Vladas
Published: August 2023

Context. This work is the seventh study in a series dedicated to investigating degeneracies of simultaneous age, mass, extinction, and metallicity determinations of partially resolved or unresolved star clusters with Hubble Space Telescope broadband aperture photometry. In the sixth work (hereafter, Paper I), it was demonstrated that the adaptive aperture photometry, performed to avoid the majority of the projected foreground and background stars falling within the apertures, gives more consistent colour indices for star clusters.

Aims. In this study, we aim to supplement the homogeneous multi-colour aperture photometry results published in Paper I and provide a complete M 31 Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT) survey star cluster photometry catalogue for further analysis.

Methods. Following Paper I, we used a two-aperture approach for photometry. The first aperture is the standard one used to measure total cluster fluxes. The second (smaller) aperture is introduced to avoid the bright foreground and background stars projecting onto the clusters. We selected the radii of smaller apertures to be larger than the half-light radii of the clusters.

Results. We present the second part of the star cluster aperture photometry catalogues for a sample of 1477 star clusters from the M 31 PHAT survey not covered in Paper I. Compared to the M 31 PHAT star cluster aperture photometry catalogue published by Johnson et al., adjustments were made to the cluster centre coordinates, aperture sizes, and sky background levels.
Distribution of copper in intermediate rocks of Shaugaz-Kandyrsay interfluve (Eastern Almalyk)
Authors: Khaliyorov Kholmurod , Khoshjanova Kamila , Atabaeva Nasiba , Karamatova Gulnoza , Ruziev Ilkhom , Nurjanov Satbay
Published: August 2023

The chemical composition of metasomatites and igneous rocks of the Almalyk ore area (Basin of Shaugaz-Kandir Rivers) and general statistical parameters of the distribution of chemical elements in the ore zones and upper rocks are given. High and low Clark concentrations of the elements in the study area were calculated. Discussed the future of using GIS in different spheres. GIS gives possibilities to collect the data, renew it or use new information in the analysis. It requires a quick change of GIS information about Earth because procedures on the Earth are dynamically changeable. Periodically changing information in GIS allows us to get new information and analyze it. GIS technologies and techniques started using widely in all spheres of humanity. It is important to know its properties.
Impact of changes in groundwater regime on crop yields
Authors: Khojiev Aliakbar , Khalmuradov Tolib
Published: August 2023

In Uzbekistan, groundwater use in agriculture is 3-5 km3 per year. This creates the basis for achieving high yields of agricultural crops in conditions of low water. The article presents the results of scientific research on the impact of groundwater level, salinity, amount, and rate of irrigation on the yield of winter wheat in the Syrdarya region in an area with a groundwater level of 1-3 m and a mineralization of 1-3 g/l. The experiments were carried out in slightly, medium, and highly saline areas of the Syrdarya region. As a result, at a groundwater level of 1.5 m in areas with high salinity, the yield was 26.8 q/ha, in areas with medium salinity – 51.2 q/ha and in areas with low salinity – 58.5 q/ha.
Management of initial structuring in connection zones of concrete fillers in hydrotechnical construction
Authors: Muratov A. R. , Yunusova F. , Muslimov T.
Published: August 2023

In the article, the stages of formation of joint zones during the natural hardening of hydraulic concrete, the connections between cement stone and filler surface, and the influence of the mineralogical composition of fillers and external surface parameters on the structuring of cement stone in joint zones are studied by conducting laboratory tests. The development of high-performance technologies that accelerate the structuring of cement stone in the contact zones of hydraulic concrete fillers is considered urgent, and it is considered urgent to conduct scientific and practical research on the management of the spatial structuring mechanism arranged in the contact zones of fillers. The purpose of scientific and practical research is to study the possibilities of ensuring that hydraulic concrete strength reaches 70% within two days and to study the mechanisms affecting the kinetics of structuring in the contact zone.
Numerical study of modified centrifugal cyclone
Authors: Shoyev M. A. , Ibroximov A. R. , Madaliev M. E. , Dusiyorov J. J. , Rayimqulov O. Q. , Ismatov M. N.
Published: August 2023

A cyclone separator is an equipment that separates particles contained in a liquid or gas without filters. Dust particles in flue gases can be separated using centrifugal forces and different particle densities so that the exhaust gases must be cleaned before being discharged into the environment. The selection of optimal geometric dimensions and operation parameters of industrial equipment is always a topical issue. In the work, numerical modeling and research of a modified centrifugal cyclone dust collector are carried out. A modified centrifugal cyclone was developed by one of the article's authors at the Institute of Mechanics and Seismic Resistance of Structures of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which has a high efficiency of at least 98%. The study was carried out in the Comsol Multiphysics 5.6 engineering software package using the Flow Simulation add-on, designed to simulate hydrodynamic processes. The relevance of the chosen research topic was indicated. The standard k-ɛ model is chosen as a turbulence model, which is often used in engineering problems. The computational experiment was carried out at three flow rates in the centrifugal cyclone. Based on the obtained numerical data, it is shown that the efficiency of the modified cyclone is significantly higher than that of the classical cyclone.
Current velocity field in section of Sai Gon river during operation of flood control structures
Authors: Markova Irina , Khanh Phan Khanh , Vokhidov Oybek
Published: August 2023

The largest economic center in Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh City, is facing increasingly serious riverbank erosion, one of the main reasons being the flow. Therefore, in this study, the flow velocity field on the Saigon River section is accurately analyzed in different time intervals with the help of MIKE 11 and MIKE 21 models. The simulation results show that The number of flow velocities in the middle of the river is 3-4 times greater than that of the two banks. However, between high tide and low tide, the flow on both sides of the river is faster than the main flow, especially in the upper part of the winding banks, such as the section from Ben Nghe sluice to Tan Thuan, sewer and river section from An Loi Dong Ward police station to Thu Thiem Bridge 2. The velocity value on the studied river section, in most cases, exceeds the allowable value of the non-erosion velocity of the bed material particles. , riverbanks, as well as suspended sediment particles. Therefore, the erosion process on both sides of the river will occur regularly and continuously, so urgent measures are needed to protect the riverbank. During the operation of the anti-flood sluice, the flow velocity will decrease slightly before sluices also appear as whirlpools. The flow velocity on the Saigon River has a complex distribution and changes from time to time depending on the flood discharge from Dau Tieng Lake and the tidal currents of the East Sea.