bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
دور القوى الدولية في اسيا الوسطى
Authors: فائق د. تلا عاصم
Published: June 2022

يهدف البحث الى بيان حقيقة جوهرية مفادها ان اقليم اسيا الوسطى يحتل اهمية استراتيجية، اذ كانت القوقاز مكاناً للصراعات السياسية والعسكرية والاقتصادية وتنافس القوى الدولية المتمثلة بالولايات المتحدة الامريكية وروسيا الاتحادية فضلاً عن الصين في اقليم اسيا الوسطى لتحقيق مصالحها الدولية، واهم الاستنتاجات التي توصل اليها البحث ان لكل من الاستراتيجيات الدولية ستراتيجيات مختلفة الابعاد السياسية والعسكرية والاقتصادية باتجاه الصراع او التعاون لتحقيق الاهداف المنشودة في اقليم اسيا الوسطى.
الجُذور الثُّلاثيّة التي زادت على ثلاثةِ معانٍ في مقايِيسِ اللُّغةِ- أَلفاظ الإِعطاء أُنمُوذجًا
Authors: احمد وضاح علي
Published: June 2022

إتْمامًا لِسِلْسِلَةِ بُحُوثٍ دِراسِيَّةٍ في مُعجَم مَقاييِس اللُّغَةِ لابنِ فارِسٍ، قُمْنا بِدِراسَةِ الْجُذُورِ الثُّلاثِيَّةِ التي أَرْجَعَ ابنُ فارِسٍ مَعانِيها الأُصُولَ إِلى أَكْثَرِ مِنْ ثلاثَةِ مَعانٍ أُصُولٍ، مُحاولينَ إِرْجاعَ هذِهِ المعاني الأُصولِ إِلى مَعْنًى واحِدٍ أَصْلٍ.  وَاخْتَصَّتْ هذهِ الدِّراسةُ بالحَقْلِ اللُّغَوِيِّ (الأَلفاظ الدّالّة على الإِعطاءِ) -وَكانَ قَدْ سُبِقَت هذه الدّراسة بِدِراسَتَينِ تَضمَّنَتِ الدِّراسةُ الأُولى الحَقْلَ اللُّغَوِيَّ: (الأَلفاظ الدَّالَّة على التَّضامِّ)، وَتَضَمَّنَتِ الدِّراسَةُ الثّانيةُ الحَقْلَ اللُّغَوِيَّ: (الأَلفاظ الدّالّة على الذّهاب).  وَوُسِمَ هذا البَحْثُ ب(الجُذور الثُّلاثيّة التي زادت على ثلاثةِ معانٍ في مقايِيسِ اللُّغةِ- أَلفاظ الإِعطاء أُنمُوذجًا). وَجاءَ هذا البَحْثُ في أَربَعةِ مَوادٍّ لُغَوِيَّةٍ، هي (أ م ر)، و(ب ر ر)، و (ج د و)، و(ع ر ق). ثُمَّ قَسَّمْنا المادَّةَ اللُّغَوِيَّةَ الواحِدَةَ على معاني الأُصُولِ (الأرْبعة، أَو الخَمْسةِ) التي ذَكَرها ابنُ فارِسٍ في مَقاييسِهِ، وَأَوْرَدْنا عَدَدًا مِنَ الاستِعمالاتِ التي ذَكَرَها ابنُ فارِسٍ - ما بينَ الاسْتِعمالِ اللُّغَوِيِّ الواحِدِ إِلى أَرْبَعَةِ اسْتِعْمالاتٍ لُغَوِيَّةٍ - على حَسْبِ الحاجَةِ؛ وَخَشْيَةَ الإِطالةِ. وَفي نهايةِ كُلِّ مَعْنى قُمْنا بِبَيانِ علاقَةِ الاسْتِعمالاتِ اللُّغَوِيَّةِ بِذاكَ المَعنى الأَصْلِ الذي اسْتُنْتِجَ؛ تأْصيلًا لِنَظَرِيَّةِ الاشْتِقاقِ، وَتأْكيدًا على إِمكانيَّةِ رَبْطِ الاستِعمالاتِ اللُّغَويَّةِ بِمَعنىً لُغَوِيٍّ واحدٍ.
دور عضو هيئة التدريس في الجامعات الأردنية الخاصة في تعزيز مفهوم الأمن الاجتماعي لدى ‏طلبتها في ضوء بعض المتغيرات
Authors: حسن د. خالد , سليمان‏ د.خالد ‏ , محمد ‏ د. أحمد ‏
Published: June 2022

الملخص
          سعت الدّراسة الحالية التّعرف إلى دور عضو هيئة التدريس في الجامعات الأردنية الخاصة في تعزيز مفهوم الأمن الاجتماعي لدى طلبتها في ضوء بعض المتغيرات، وللإجابة عن أسئلة الدراسة وتحقيق أهدافها قام الباحثون باختيار عينة عشوائية مكونة من (1150) طالبًا وطالبة ممن يدرسون في الجامعات الأردنية الخاصة في إقليم الشمال، من مجتمع الدّراسة الكلي والبالغ عددهم (14850) طالبًا وطالبة، حيث استخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي المسحي، حيث صُمم استبيان خاص لأغراض الدّراسة وتحويله إلكترونياً تناول دور عضو هيئة التدريس في الجامعات الأردنية الخاصة في تعزيز مفهوم الأمن الاجتماعي لدى طلبتها في ضوء بعض المتغيرات وتضمنت أداة الدراسة (15) فقرة، وجرى التأكد من صدقها وثباتها. حيث توصلت نتائج الدّراسة إلى أنّ دور عضو هيئة التدريس في الجامعات الأردنية الخاصة في تعزيز مفهوم الأمن الاجتماعي لدى طلبتها في ضوء بعض المتغيرات كانت بدرجة كبيرة، وبمتوسط حسابي بلغ (3.94)، وقد أظهرت نتائج الدّراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (a =0.05) تعزى لمتغير النوع الاجتماعي والكلية، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من التوصيات ومنها: ضرورة عقد برامج تثقيفية وتوعوية لطلبة الجامعات تحذرهم من السلوكيات والممارسات السلبية في المجتمع من خلال عمادات شؤون الطلبة.
تجليات العقل وصوره عند الشاعر الأندلسي دراسة نفسية فنية
Authors: محمود أ.م. ليلى مناتي
Published: June 2022

يفترض البحث أن تجليات صورة العقل عند شعراء الأندلس، لم تأخذ ما تستحقه من الاهتمام  بسبب قلة البحوث والدراسات التي تناولتها، سواء أكانت تلك الدراسات مفردة لتلك التجليات، أم أنها جاءت ضمن بحوث أخرى تناولت الشعر الأندلسي عامة. فكان ذلك هو الدافع لكتابة هذا البحث، الذي يهدف إلى تسليط الضوء على أنماط من الصور والتجليات، لمدلولات علامات العقل والذكاء والمعرفة، ضمن منظومة القيم والمثل في القصيدة الأندلسية، بوصفها بنى أو وحدات تعبيرية احتلت مكانة عند الشاعر الأندلسي؛ لأن أي وحدة تعبيرية (صورة أو حدثاً أو إيماءة) مهما صغر حجمها أو كبر، تظل حاملة لدوافع وجودها وأسرار ظهورها، على نحو يوضحه سياقها الشعري العام، الذي تشكل وفق خصائص توصيفية أسهم الشاعر (الباث) والمتلقي معاً في إنضاجها. إذ ما من نص كبر أو صغر لا يخلو من نظرية توصيلية(إ.أ. ريتشاردز، مبادئ النقد الادبي، 1963 ، ص64ـ68 )،إن دخول هذه البنى التعبيرية عالم القصيدة عبر تجليات عديدة ، أقامها الشاعر من مكونات مجتمعه وأشيائه المحيطة.، وهذا البحث سيتناول تلك التجليات ضمن مقتربات نفسية ، فضلاً عن محاولة إنضاج تصور لكيفية بناء الشعراء لمعانيهم بخطرات فنية. ويميّز هذا البحث بين شكلين من صور العقل: الأول ارتبط بالمرجع الواقعي الذي أحاطت به معرفة الشاعر وادراكه، وما مرت به من تجارب اخضعها لمصفاة إدراكهُ النفسي، أما الشكل الثاني فقد وجدناه عند الشعراء الصوفية الذين عبروا عن تلك التجليات ، بما أدركوه بطريق الإشراق، عكسوا فيه رؤيتهم للجمال القدسي؛ فصار التأمل والنظر والأحساس بوحدة الوجود والحضور الإلهي ، هو الموجه لتلك الصور والتجليات ، ولسعة الموضوع قررننا أن نختار نماذج شعرية لشعراء ينتمون إلى عصور مختلفة ؛ كل شاعر يمثل العصر الذي ينتمي إليه
The Effect of the Interaction between the two Infographic Types ‎and the Cognitive Style and their Impact on Developing the ‎Cognitive and Performance Aspects of Digital Graphics Design ‎Skills and Motivation towards them among Students of ‎Educational Technology at the University of Jeddah
Authors: Althibyani Hosam Abdulhameed , Hasan Dr. Nabeel Alsayid
Published: June 2022

The current research aims to investigate the effect of the interaction between the two types of infographics in terms of presentation and cognitive style in developing digital graphics design skills and motivation towards it among undergraduate students in the Department of Educational Technology, College of Education, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. To achieve this, the experimental method was used and the study sample consisted of (109) students, who were divided into four experimental groups according to the cognitive style and the infographic technique used in education. The research reached a number of results. The most important of which are: the absence of statistically significant differences at the level (α < 0.05) of the interaction between the two types of infographics in terms of presentation (static, motion) and cognitive style (tolerance\ intolerance of ambiguity) in the development of cognitive aspects of digital graphic design skills and motivation towards it among students of Educational Technology in experimental groups at the University of Jeddah. In the light of the foregoing, the research presented a set of recommendations, most notably: the necessity of employing infographic technology in its static and motion patterns in teaching the digital graphics design course and other courses.
جماليات الفانتازيا، وتمظهرات الميتاسرد في روايات احمد سعداوي (مذكرات دي) أنموذجا
Authors: حسين ‏ أ.د.زينب عبد الأمير ‏
Published: June 2022

تعد رواية( مذكرات دي) امتدادً فانتازيا جديدا في عوالم الروائي أحمد سعداوي،وهو ملمح جديد يعد تطورا للتشكيل الفانتازي الذي أتت عليه رواياته السابقة.تنتمي الرواية إلى أدبيات مابعد الحداثة،الموظفة للميتاسرد،بشكل غدا نسقا اسلوبيا بنائيا للرواية . دراستنا هي الرائدة في التنظير النقدي لهذه الرواية ولاسيما أنَّها صدرت عام 2020.فلا يوجد عنها أي دراسة نقدية. تظهر أهمية دراستنا في التأصيل لجماليات الفانتازيا عبر المحكيات التي تشكل مرايا متنوعة عن الواقع.وتتخذ فرضية مفادها أنَّ الثيمة الرئيسة في الرواية كانت توصف صراع(الذكورة والأنوثة)،من خلال التماهي بين مرايا الواقع،وجماليات الفانتازيا على مستوى البناء الموضوعي،مع اعتماد التوظيف الميتاسردي بوصفه نسقا بنائيا،تجريبيا،حداثيا،على مستوى البناء السردي؛ليشكل بذلك اسلوبية الرواية في الانزياح عن مستويات الرواية التقليدية.وقد اعتمدنا المنهج التحليلي التأويلي في الكشف عن موضوعات الرواية،كما أفدنا من النظرية الميتاسردية لاسيما التي نظر لها سعيد يقطين في كتابه (قضايا الرواية العربية الجديدة الوجود والحدود،والدكتور جميل الحمداوي في كتابه (أشكــــال الخطاب الميتاسردي في القصـــة القصيــرة بالمغرب) .
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS AN INFLUENCING FACTOR TO THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF THE FIRM: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM APEX MINING CORPORATION
Authors: Charlene Mae C. Mangapis  , Alicia N. Sulayon
Published: June 2022

This study was conducted to primarily define what domain in the corporate social responsibility significantly influenced firm competitiveness. The respondents of this study were the employees from various divisions and departments of APEX mining company situated at Maco, Davao de Oro, Philippines. This study utilized a quantitative non-experimental research method employing the causal-effect technique. Further, it used two sets of adapted questionnaires in gathering the data to find out the level of Corporate Social Responsibility towards firm competitiveness of APEX mining corporation. The results showed that Corporate Social Responsibility is very much evident with regard to economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities. Firm competitiveness was very much evident in terms of quality, innovation, delivery channels, and customer relationship. Moreover, there existed a significant link in Corporate Social Responsibility towards firm competitiveness of APEX mining corporation in Davao de Oro. All the domains of Corporate Social Responsibility such as economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities predicted firm competitiveness of APEX mining corporation in Davao de Oro. This implied that Corporate Social Responsibility helped APEX mining corporation in Davao de Oro built a progressive image with suppliers, bankers, customers, and investors. Thus, strongly gave impact to its feat in the competitive setting.
KEYWORDS: Corporate social responsibility, competitive advantage, firm competitiveness.
APPLICATION OF GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ASSOCIATED WITH TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND JUST-IN-TIME FUNCTIONS TO IMPROVE ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES
Authors: Ahmad Irfangi  , Najmudin
Published: June 2022

Several prior studies have highlighted the importance of green supply chain management practices in enhancing organization performance but empirical evidences of its operational antecedents are limited. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the potential operating antecedents of green supply chain management practices. The present study is unique as it is intended to assess the combined effect of TQM and JIT on green supply chain management practices consequently enhancing organizational performance. For this purpose the data from 318 employees was collected from Indonesian manufacturing companies. The data was analysed using SmartPLS 3 software adopting PLS-SEM approach. The findings of the study reveled a positive relationship of JIT and TQM with green supply chain management practices. The findings also provide empirical evidence of the mediting effect of green supply chain management practices between the relationship of JIT, TQM and organizational performance.
KEYWORDS: Just-in-Time (JIT), Total Quality Management (TQM), Green supply chain management practices
LIVED EXPERIENCES OF PUBLIC SCHOOL HEADS ASSIGNED IN REMOTE AREA
Authors: Avin John F. Gallego
Published: June 2022

School heads in remote areas face several challenges on their journey of providing quality education. This qualitative phenomenological research study investigated the lived experiences, coping mechanism, and insights gained by 12 public school heads assigned in remote schools of Division of Davao del Sur. Research participants were not a resident of the school they were assigned. The researcher used a validated semi – structured interview guide for individual in-depth interview and focused-group discussion. Colaizzi’s method was used to analyze the data gathered. The result shows that school heads in remote areas faced physical discomforts, emotional discomforts, teaching and community adjustments, and work consolations. Their coping mechanisms include physical enduring practices, emotional surviving technique, teaching and community coping technique, and positive work atmosphere They developed personal realization, social realization, and professional realization. It was concluded that despite the challenges encountered, they established their sense of commitment toward their vocation and willingness to continue their journey. The findings of this study may help the Local Government Unit officials to create an ordinance to cover safety and security of the teachers. The officials of the Division Office may provide an additional payment or insurance to the teachers and a wellness program may be organized to destress the teachers in remote area. The school heads may improve their ways on managing the school by partnering with non – government parties.
KEYWORDS: Educational management, lived experiences, school heads, public school, remote area
A STUDY ON CUSTOMER'S PERCEPTION OF POST-PANDEMIC PRICING STRATEGY OF BANKS
Authors: Reeta Pant  , Dr. H.R. Kaushal
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred changes in service delivery practices around the world. It is commonly acknowledged that COVID-19 will continue to cause uncertainty for the foreseeable future. Massive modifications in banks marketing strategies were made during the pandemic period to meet unexpected conditions. Customers expect their banks to provide higher quality services at a reasonable price, which if met, might lead to increased customer satisfaction and retention. As the pandemic progresses, banks and other non-financial companies around the world are left with no choice but to reconsider their future marketing tactics, as traditional marketing methods have been hampered by the lockdown. Due to the lockdown for a long period, many people lost their livelihoods for some time or permanently. Some have already suffered salary cutbacks and practically everyone’s assessments are being delayed - employees are apprehensive and concerned about their future as a result of the pandemic issue and lockdown. This study aims to identify what the customers are now expecting from their bank regarding interest charged or paid or any penalty or other price paid or charged by the bank which will directly influence them. Such analysis shall help to suggest an appropriate pricing policy to form according to customers’ expectations.
KEYWORDS: Pandemic, Customers perception, pricing strategies
Kontinental şelfin tarixi və kontinental şelfin delimitasiyasının beynəlxalq hüquqi prinsipləri
Authors:   Baku State University  master, Fuad Hasanova Gulzar
Published: June 2022

States are interested in defining and recognizing shelf rights in order to acquire real and potential continental shelf resources. However, previously there was no agreed method on how to determine the outer boundaries of the shelf. Even after the Truman Proclamation of 1945, states did not use the term "continental shelf" in the same sense. The principles of international law on maritime delimitation at the crossroads of political, legal and technical knowledge play an important role in resolving many disputes in this area. Key words: shelf, legal regime, delimitation, principles Gülzar Fuad qızı Həsənova Kontinental şelfin tarixi və kontinental şelfin delimitasiyasının beynəlxalq hüquqi prinsipləri Xülasə Real və potensial kontinental şelf sərvətlərini əldə etmək məqsədilə dövlətlər şelf hüquqlarını müəyyən edilməsində və tanınmasında maraqlıdırlar. Lakin əvvəllər şelfin xarici sərhədlərinin necə müəyyən ediləcəyi ilə bağlı razılaşdırılmış üsul yox idi. Hətta 1945-ci il Trumen bəyannaməsindən sonra dövlətlər “kontinental şelf” terminini eyni mənada istifadə etmirdilər. Siyasət, hüquq və texniki biliklərin kəsişməsində olan dəniz delimitasiyasına dair beynəlxalq hüququn prinsipləri bu sahədə bir çox mübahisələrin həllində mühüm rol oynayır. Açar sözlər: şelf, hüquqi rejim, delimitasiya, prinsiplər
Aspects of the modality category in modern English
Authors:   Bakı Slavyan Universiteti filologiya üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, Xanoğlan qızı İsayeva Aygün
Published: June 2022

Məqalə ingilis dilində modallıq kateqoriyasının kiçik təsvirindən bəhs edir. Modallıq, ifadə ilə reallıq arasında müxtəlif əlaqələri ifadə edən qrammatik və semantik kateqoriyadır. Modallıq təbii dilin əsas kateqoriyalarına aid olan linqvistik anlayışdır. Müxtəlif qrammatik və leksik vasitələr, əhval-ruhiyyənin xüsusi formaları modallığı ifadə edə bilir. Modal fellər müxtəlif mənaları və ya hərəkətləri ifadə etmək üçün istifadə olunur, məsələn, xahiş, öhdəlik, sifariş, icazə və s. Modal fellərin istifadəsində müxtəlif ifadəlrin məna çalarlarının izahı böyük problemdir. İngilis dilində imkan modallığı leksik vasitələrlə ifadə olunur, lakin qrammatik vasitələr qədər geniş deyil. Modallıq kateqoriyasına ənənəvi olaraq bu kateqoriyanın özəyini təşkil edən və danışanın reallığa münasibətini ifadə edən obyektiv modallıq və danışanın ifadəyə münasibətini vəinam dərəcəsini ifadə edən, ehtimalını müəyyən edən subyektiv modallıq daxildir. Modallıq dilin istifadə xüsusiyyətlərini təsvir edir, danışanla onun nitqi arasında əlaqə funksiyası daşıyan kateqoriyalara aiddir. Beləliklə, modallıq danışanın dediyi sözə və onun obyektiv reallığa münasibətinin qiymətləndirməsini ifadə edən qrammatik-semantik kateqoriyadır. Açar sözlər: modallıq, leksik vasitələr, imkan, modal sözlər, reallıq, imkan çalarları Aygun Khanoglan Isayeva Aspects of the modality category in modern English Abstract The article deals with a small description of the category of modality in English. Modality is a grammatical and semantic category that expresses the various connections between expression and reality. Modality is a linguistic universal that belongs to the main categories of natural language. Various grammatical and lexical means and special forms of moods can express modality. Modal verbs are used to denote different meanings or actions, such as request, obligation, order, permission, etc. With all the different shades of meaning, the use of modal verbs is a huge problem. In English, the modality of possibility is expressed by lexical means, but not as widely as by grammatical ones. The category of modality includes an objective modality that traditionally forms the core of this category and expresses the attitude of the delivered to reality, and a subjective modality that expresses the speaker's attitude to the message and the degree of confidence in the message, determines the probability of the validity of an opinion that reflects facts or a particular opinion. Modality describes the features of the use of language, not some features, qualities, or characteristics of the world, and refers to categories that have a connection function between the speaker and his speech. Thus, modality is a grammatical-semantic category that expresses the speaker's attitude to what he says the assessment of the speaker's attitude to objective reality. Key words : modality, lexical means, possibility, modal words, reality, shades of possibility
COVID-19 virusunun enerji sektorunda lokal və qlobal nəticələri
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC) master, Elshan Dunyamaliyev Islam
Published: June 2022

Being proclaimed a worldwide crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic has taken many lives, undermined occupations, and organizations all throughout the planet. The energy business, specifically, has encountered colossal strain coming about because of the pandemic. Because of such a test, the improvement of economical assets and sustainable power foundation has exhibited its potential as a promising and successful system. To adequately address the impact of COVID-19 on environmentally friendly power advancement procedures, transient approach needs ought to be distinguished, while mid-term and long-haul activity plans ought to be figured in accomplishing the distinct sustainable power targets and progress towards a more reasonable energy future. In this audit, openings, challenges, and critical effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on current and future practical energy procedures were examined exhaustively; while drawing from encounters in recognizing sensible practices, orientating suitable activities, and strategy suggestions on the supportable energy direction were likewise referenced. Without a doubt, the inquiry is that whether the COVID-19 pandemic will kill us or furnish us with a valuable illustration on future maintainable energy advancement. As an outcome, the slower speed of financial and creation exercises has prompted a critical drop in worldwide energy requests which thusly impacted the organization of perfect, sustainable power assets. As per International Energy Agency (IEA) information, worldwide energy request fell by 3.8% during the primary quarter of 2020 contrasted with a similar period in 2019. Key words: COVID-19, pandemic period, global energy, energy agency, virus İslam Elşən oğlu Dünyamalıyev COVID-19 virusunun enerji sektorunda lokal və qlobal nəticələri Xülasə Bütün dünyaya yayılmış yeni tipli COVID-19 virusu bir çox insanların ölümünə, işlərini itirməsinə və şirkətlərin fəaliyyətinin dayanmasına gətirib çıxartdı. Enerji biznesində xüsusilə enerji biznesinin maliyyələşdirilməsi çətinlikləri yarandı. COVID-19 pandemiyasının enerji sektorunda yaratdığı çətinliklər ciddi araşdırılmalı və daha dayanıqlı enerji gələcəyi üçün qısamüddətli və uzunmüddətli planlar təqdim olunmalıdır. Bu məqalədə, COVID-19 pandemiyasının hazırki və gələcək enerji sektorunda yaratdığı və yarada biləcəyi kritik təsirlər araşdırılmış və həll yolları irəli sürülmüşdür. Şübhəsiz ki, burada əsas sorğu COVID-19 pandemiyasının dayanıqlı enerji gələcəyini dayandıracağı, yoxsa daha da təkmilləşdirəcəyidir. Ümumilikdə pandemiya dövründə yaşıl enerji sahələrinin maliyyələşdirilməsi prosesi ciddi zərər görmüş və dayanıqlı gələcək enerji planları təxirə salınmışdır. Yaşıl enerji tətbiqində ciddi gecikmələr olmuşdur. Beynəlxalq Enerji Agentliyinin verdiyi məlumata görə, 2020-ci ilin birinci yarımilində dünyada enerji tələbi 2019-cu ilə nisbətən 3.8% düşmüşdür. Açar sözlər:COVID-19, pandemiya dövrü, global enerji, enerji agentliyi, virus
Əqli mülkiyyətin forması kimi əmtəə nişanlarının mühafizəsinin əhəmiyyəti
Authors:   Baku State University master, Mazahir Gurbanzadeh Aytaj
Published: June 2022

Intellectual property means the legal rights which result from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific, literary and artistic fields. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN). The “Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization” was signed at Stockholm in 1967 and entered into force in 1970. However, the origins of WIPO go back to 1883 and 1886, with the adoption of the Paris Convention and the Berne Convention respectively. A trademark as a form of intellectual property is any sign that individualizes the goods and services, and distinguishes them from the goods and services of competitors. Trademarks already existed in the ancient world. They started to play an important role with industrialization, and they have since become a key factor in the modern world of international trade and market-oriented economies. Industrialization and the growth of the system of the market-oriented economy allow competing manufacturers and traders to offer consumers a variety of goods in the same category. The main purpose of this research is to identify and learn modern approach to the trademark protection as well as to focus on the role of trademark as a part of intellectual property. Key words: Intellectual property, protection of trademarks, history of trademarks, registration process, international acts on trademarks Aytac Məzahir qızı Qurbanzadə Əqli mülkiyyətin forması kimi əmtəə nişanlarının mühafizəsinin əhəmiyyəti Xülasə Əqli mülkiyyət dedikdə sənaye, elmi, ədəbi və incəsənət sahələrində zehni fəaliyyətin nəticəsi olan hüquqlar başa düşülür. Ümumdünya Əqli Mülkiyyət Təşkilatı (ÜƏMT) Birləşmiş Millətlər Təşkilatının (BMT) ixtisaslaşmış agentliklərindən biridir. “Ümumdünya Əqli Mülkiyyət Təşkilatının yaradılması barədə Konvensiya” 1967-ci ildə Stokholmda imzalanmış və 1970-ci ildə qüvvəyə minmişdir. Ancaq Ümumdünya Əqli Mülkiyyət Təşkilatının (ÜƏMT) yaranması müvafiq olaraq 1883 və 1886-cı illərdə qəbul olunmuş Paris və Bern Konvensiyaları ilə əlaqəlidir. Əmtəə nişanı əqli mülkiyyətin bir forması kimi əmtəə və xidmətləri fərdiləşdirən və onları rəqiblərin əmtəə və xidmətlərindən fərqləndirən hər hansı işarədir. Əmtəə nişanları qədim dövrlərdən mövcud olmuşdur. Onlar sənayeləşmə dövründə vacib rol oynamağa başlamış və həmin vaxtdan beynəlxalq ticarət və bazar yönümlü iqtisadiyyatların müasir dünyasında əsas amilə çevrilmişdir. Sənayeləşmə və bazar yönümlü iqtisadiyyatlar sisteminin inkişafı eyni kateqoriyadan olan müxtəlif əmtəələrin rəqabət aparan istehsalçı və ticarətçilər tərəfindən təklif edilməsinə şərait yaratmışdır. Bu araşdırmanın əsas məqsədi əmtəə nişanlarının mühafizəsinə müasir yanaşmanı aydınlaşdırmaq və öyrənmək, həmçinin əqli mülkiyyətin bir forması kimi əmtəə nişanlarının roluna nəzər yetirməkdir. Açar sözlər: Əqli mülkiyyət, əmtəə nişanlarının mühafizəsi, əmtəə nişanlarının tarixi, qeydiyyat prosesi, əmtəə nişanlarına dair beynəlxalq aktlar
Humanitarian law in the context of the 2nd Karabakh war
Authors:   Bakı Dövlət Universiteti magistrant, Abdul oğlu Aşurov Nurlan
Published: June 2022

Dünyadaki çoxsaylı münaqişələrin və müharibələrin gedişinə nəzər salsaq görərik ki, son nöqtəni güclü tərəf qoyur. Azərbaycan xalqının Qarabağ uğrunda 44 günlük Vətən müharibəsi buna ən yeni nümunədir. Ötən 17 ildə Azərbacan güc topladı və 30 il davam edən işğala 44 gündə son qoydu. BMT-nin Təhlükəsizlik Şurasının və beynəlxalq ictimaiyyətin çoxsaylı qətnamələrinə baxmayaraq, Azərbaycan ərazilərini işğal edən Ermənistan məsələnin sülh yolu ilə həll edilməsi üçün heç bir addəm atmamış, bu çərçivədə yaradılmış Minsk Qrupu problemi həll edə bilməmişdir. Bu yazı yuxarıda qeyd olunan münaqişəni təhlil etmək məqsədi daşıyır. Bu kontekstdə birinci hissədə müharibənin gedişi ortaya qoyulur, tərəflər və onların təsirləri açıqlanır. Daha sonra münaqişə ilə bağlı hadisələrə yer verilir, razılaşmadan sonrakı yekun vəziyyət araşdırılır. Açar sözlər: II Qarabağ müharibəsi, münaqişə, hüquq, humanitar hüquq, pozuntular. Nurlan Abdul Ashurov Humanitarian law in the context of the 2nd Karabakh war Abstract If we look at the many conflicts and wars in the world, we will see that the end point is set by a strong side. The 44-day Patriotic War of the Azerbaijani people for Karabakh is the last example of this. Over the past 17 years, Azerbaijan has gained strength and ended its 30-year occupation in 44 days. Despite numerous resolutions of the UN Security Council and the international community, Armenia, which has occupied Azerbaijani territories, has not taken any steps to resolve the issue peacefully, and the Minsk Group has not been able to resolve the issue. It is aimed in this paper to analyze the above-mentioned conflict. In this context, the first part describes the course of the war, the parties and their effects. Then the events related to the conflict are covered, and the final situation after the agreement is investigated. Key words: II Karabakh war, conflict, law, humanitarian law, responsibility, violations
BMT Beynəlxalq ədalət məhkəməsində icraat
Authors:   Baku State Universty master, Ramiz Mammadova Leyla
Published: June 2022

The International Court of Justice as the UN main judicial body plays a fundamental role in establishing the rule of law in international relations. It should help to resolve interstate disputes in conditions where all other means of peace are ineffective. The relevance of the study of the functions and powers of the UN International Court, its practice is explained by the fact that it is precisely from the day of its establishment that the court remains the only universal international judicial body to date. The article will examine a number of procedural issues in the activity of the court, in particular, the procedure for conducting proceedings in the International Courtof Justice. Key words: international court, international court of justice, proceedings, world Court, Hague court Leyla Ramiz qızı Məmmədova BMT Beynəlxalq ədalət məhkəməsində icraat Xülasə Beynəlxalq Ədalət Məhkəməsi BMT-nin baş məhkəmə orqanı kimi beynəlxalq münasibətlərdə hüququn aliliyininbərqərar edilməsində başlıca rol oynayır. O,dövlətlərarası mübahisələrin həlli üçün bütün digər sülh vasitələrinin səmərəsiz olduğu şəraitdə köməklik göstərməlidir. BMT-nin Beynəlxalq Məhkəməsinin funksiyalarının və səlahiyyətlərinin, onun təcrübəsinin tədqiqinin aktuallığı onunla izah olunur ki, məhz məhkəmə yarandığı gündən indiyədək yeganə universal beynəlxalq məhkəmə orqanı olaraq qalır. Məqalədə məhkəmənin fəaliyyətində bir sıra prosessual məsələlələr xüsusilə, beynəlxalq məhkəmədə icraatın keçirilmə qaydaları araşdırılacaqdır. Açar sözlər: beynəlxalq, beynəlxalq ədalət məhkəməsi, icraat, Dünya məhkəməsi, Haaqa məhkəməsi
Is There an Endogenous Tendency towards Equilibrium in Economic Systems? Business Cycles and Crises in the Modern Economic Thought
Authors: Pavanelli Giovanni
Published: June 2022

This paper critically examines the models of economic crises and business cycles devised by leading economists from the nineteenth century to the present day in the light of the current reflections on the limits of the so-called ‘mainstream’ theory. To this end, the article analyses the point of view of the classical authors (J.B. Say, Ricardo, Malthus and Sismondi) and the first analyses of crises in terms of business cycles (Tooke, Juglar, Jevons). It discusses then Tugan-Baranovsky and Arthur Spiethoff models, Wesley C. Mitchell contribution and the monetary explanations of the cycles during the 1920s (R.G. Hawtrey and Irving Fisher). It then examines the main interpretative models of cycles and crises during the 1930s: L. Mises and F. Hayek models, Irving Fisher’s Debt-deflation theory and Keynes contribution. The econometric approach of Frisch and Tinbergen and the ‘real business cycles’ model are then presented, as well as the ‘heterodox’ approach of Hyman Minsky. A main interpretative line of this paper is to maintain that, in spite of its complex taxonomy, modern analysis on business cycles and crises draws inspiration from two distinct methodological approaches that reflect radically different visions of how market economies actually work. The ‘majority’ view is the one shared by most marginalist and neoclassical authors and by the ‘New Classical Economists’. According to them, economic systems are intrinsically stable and tend to converge towards equilibrium. Fluctuations are caused by exogenous shocks bound to be reabsorbed quickly. Contrary to this view, two research approaches are identified having in common a marked attention to the institutional context. On the one hand, the contributions of Schumpeter and, to some extent, Mitchell who shared the belief that fluctuations should be studied with reference to a specific historical context. On the other hand, the analysis of J.M. Keynes and H. Minsky who believe that economic systems are potentially unstable, full employment cannot be taken for granted and appropriate policy measures are needed.
Keywords: business cycles, crises, Say’s Law, Hyman Minsky, Wesley C. Mitchell, New Classical Economics, real business cycles
JEL: B3, N1, B41
Risks and Challenges of Ecological Transition for the Financial System: What Role for Central Banks?
Authors: Goldman Sara , Marinova Tsvetelina
Published: June 2022

The ecological transition poses the most impelling challenges for central banks, regulators and supervisory authorities. This paper explores the different types of risks associated with ecological transition. It deplores their absence in the instruments of control and regulation at a time when climate change threatens financial stability and can be at the root of a systemic crisis. Risk management is particularly sensitive given its uncertain nature. Nowadays, many actors, including governments, the private and public sectors, as well as part of the international community, are intervening to support the ecological transition. Nevertheless, it would appear that central banks are best able to meet these challenges.
Keywords: ecological transition, climate, central banks, monetary policy
JEL: F52, F58, Q54
External Influences and Religious Paticularism in the Balkans: the “Bulgarian Case”
Authors: Hinkova Sonia
Published: June 2022

The article examines some of the contemporary external factors and processes influencing religious identity of all Bulgarian citizens who profess Islam (referred to as Bulgarian Muslims in the text). It analyzes the degree of religiousness of the Muslims in Bulgaria, tracing out the major characteristics and leading tendencies of this community. The article studies the strategic potential and foreign policy possibilities by which Turkey is capable of building up a prestige and trust within the Muslim community in Bulgaria. It analyzes some specific Turkish policies for “export” of religiousness towards Muslims in Bulgaria.
Keywords: Bulgarian Muslims, religious afiliation, external influences, Turkey
JEL: Z12, N34, F54
Phytochemical Analysis and Cytotoxic Activity of Hexane Extract from Lasiosphaera nipponica
Authors: Manoharan Karuppiah Pillai
Published: June 2022

Lasiosphaera nipponica finds therapeutic applications as a hemostatic in the traditional Japanese and Chinese medicines. The present study aimed to analyse the phytochemical compositions of two fractions from a hexane extract of L. nipponica by GC-MS analysis and evaluate the cytotoxic activity of these two fractions and a pure compound viz. ergosterol peroxide by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay). A hexane extract from L. nipponica was obtained by maceration technique and silica gel column chromatography of this hexane extract led to obtain two fractions and three pure compounds. The two fractions were analysed for phytochemical compositions by GC-MS and the presence of fatty acids, esters of fatty acids and ethyl 9-oxononanoate were identified. Additionally, these two fractions were evaluated for cytotoxic activity in P388, HL60, MCF7, HepG2 and J82 cancer cell lines in culture by MTT assay. Fraction 1 showed good activity in P388 and HL60 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 9.8 and 18.2 μg/mL, respectively. Fraction 2 also showed good activity in P388 and HL60 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 19.4 and 16.2 μg/mL, respectively. However, these two fractions did not show any appreciable activity in MCF7, HepG2 and J82 cancer cell lines. The three pure compounds were characterised as n-hexadecanoic acid, n-octadecanoic acid and ergosterol peroxide by spectroscopic means. Of these three pure compounds, only ergosterol peroxide was evaluated for cytotoxic activity in HL60, HepG2 and J82 cancer cell lines. Ergosterol peroxide showed an IC50 value of 82.2 μM (35.1 μg/mL) in HL60 cancer cell lines but it did not show any appreciable activity in HepG2 and J82 cancer cell lines. n-Hexadecanoic acid and n-octadecanoic acid were not evaluated for cytotoxic activity since they obtained in small quantity. From this study, we concluded that the fractions from a hexane extract of L. nipponica have therapeutically important phytochemicals and they exhibited promising cytotoxic activity in P388 and HL60 cancer cell lines. Further studies on L. nipponica are required to explore its therapeutic applications.
Biotechnological potential of essential oils from different chemotypes of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson
Authors:   Ceara State University, de Morais Selene Maia , Sobrinho Antonio Carlos Nogueira ,   Ceara State University, Liberato Hortensia Ribeiro ,   Ceara State University, Pereira Rita de Cassia Alves ,   Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Pessoa Claudia ,   State University of Vale do Aracau, Alves Daniela Ribeiro ,   Ceara State University, Fontanelle Raquel Oliveira dos Santos ,   Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry
Published: June 2022

This study reports the biotechnological importance of seven Lippia albaspecimens collected in different places in Brazil, and evaluation of some activities as larvicidal against Aedesspp., antifungal against dermatophytes; cytotoxicity against SNB-19 (astrocytoma), HCT-116 (human colon) and PC-3 (human prostate) cancer cell lines, and inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE).The essential oils, whose extraction yield was about 1.24 w/w ± 0.9%, showed differences in their chemical composition and considered as chemotypes. The essential oils containing neral and geranial as main constituents showed better action against HCT-116 cell lines (IC50 value was 9.22 μg/mL), larvicidal activity against arbovirus vectors (LC50 value against A. aegyptiwas 1.59 μg/mL) and inhibition of AChE (halo inhibition zone was 1 cm). The essential oils containing mainly monoterpenoids showed better antifungal action with MIC values range from 0.15 to 1.25 mg/mL. This chemical and biological characterization may be useful for biotechnological applications.
Medicinal plants used by shepherds inTrans-Himalayan Rakchham-Chitkul Wildlife Sanctuary in Baspa Valley of Kinnaur district, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors:   Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Andrade-Cetto Adolfo ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puri Sunil ,   Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Pundir Ashok ,   Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences
Published: June 2022

The present study deals with the ethnomedicines used by migratory shepherds in an Indian Trans-Himalayan area. Shepherding depends on traditional healthcare practices. A non-probabilistic sampling technic was used for the selection of the research participants; the information was collected through 8 extensive field visits. The data was analyzed by the interpretation of the interviews since a qualitative as well as quantitative perspectives. A comparison with previous studies in the area was donebased on literature research.The results of this study show that shepherds in tribal areas are highly dependent on medicinal plants, they report the use of 58 taxa to handle their main health problems. They prefer 20 taxa, to treat; coughs, asthma, colds, throat complaints, general pain, fever, dysentery, diarrhea and urinary infections, which are the main reported illnesses. Mainly they use the fresh plant juices of these taxa. Two health issues are remarkable highblood pressure and jaundice.
Generalized Receiver Employment in Ultra-Wideband Systems: Performance Analysis
Authors: Tuzlukov Vyacheslav
Published: June 2022

In the present paper, a performance analysis of an ultra-wideband (UWB) system based on the ge-neralized approach to signal processing in noise is discussed. The UWB system utilizes a new pulse design that made the performance analysis possible, since the new not only has a short duration to reduce collision, but is also spectrally compliant to the standards on UWB systems. We present the performance analysis of the UWB system constructed based on the generalized receiver processing different pulse shapes and with various num-bers of users. New simulation results on multiuser performance of the impulse radio are also presented.
Makna Budaya Topa Ma Ta Auba pada Masyarakat Desa Lasi, Kecamatan Kuanfatu, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan
Authors: Manek Agnes Odiyanti
Published: June 2022

Top ma ta auba is one of the traditions and customs of the people of Lasi Village, Kuanfatu Subdistrict, South Central Timor District" to traditionally welcome visitors (the Government). Topa ma ta auba is the expression or narration of customary language which is delivered or spoken orally and reciprocates. The theory used is the theory of Hermeneutics as proposed by Palmer (2003:9) that hermeneutics is the study of understanding, especially understanding of the text. The sources of data in this study are the people of Lasi Village, especially traditional leaders and community leaders who know the customs in the area. Methods and techniques of data collection in research through are: 1). Direct observation; 2). Interview, 3). Record Techniques, 4). Note-taking technique. Data analysis of Tonis Topa mata auba, refers to the steps: 1). Tonis Topa ma ta auba transcribed from oral form into written form, 2). The transcription of the data into Indonesian, 3). Analyzing the data and determining the meaning in the data tonic topa mata auba, 5). Make a conclusion. data on the discussion of tonis topa mata auba in the Lasi Village community contains: (1). The meaning of the application; (2). Meaning of Politeness; (3). The meaning of humility; (4). Meaning of obedience; (5). The Meaning of Togetherness; and (6). The meaning of thank you.
Hierarki Kebutuhan Tokoh Utama Dalam Novel Edensor Karya Andrea Hirata
Authors: Djumadin Hawiah
Published: June 2022

This study aims to identify and describe the Hierarchy of Needs for the Main Characters in Andrea Hirata's Edensor Novel. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data in this study are in the form of words, phrases, sentences that show the Hierarchy of Needs for the Main Characters in Andrea Hirata's Edensor Novel. The data source is the Edensor Novel by Andrea Hirata. Data collection techniques are: 1) Reading novels. 2) Take notes. Data analysis techniques in this study, namely; (1) data reduction, (2) data codification (3) data classification, (4) data description, (5) data interpretation, (6) data verification. The theory used is Abraham Maslow's theory of Humanistic Psychology. The results of the study indicate that there is a hierarchy of needs from the main character. Starting from the physiological needs, the need for security, the need for belonging and love, the need for esteem, the need for self-actualization.
Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dalam Pementasan Drama “Teka Iku” Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Universitas Flores
Authors: Ri’a Maria Polencys P. , Sareng Anselmus Nong
Published: June 2022

This study aims to find out how the results of the illocutionary speech acts in the play "Teka Iku" by Indonesian Language and Literature Education Students at the University of Flores. The problem in this research is what kinds of illusional speech acts are contained in the play "Teka Iku" Indonesian Language and Literature Education Student, University of Flores. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the types of illocutions in the play Teka Iku by Indonesian Language and Literature Education Students at the University of Flores. This study uses a qualitative research type with a descriptive design. The data were collected using the speaking method, the listening method, and the recording method while the techniques used were observation, listening techniques, and note-taking and documentation techniques. The theory used in this research is pragmatic theory. The results of the analysis show that the use of the types of illocutionary speech acts of actors there are types of illocutionary acts consisting of types of affirmations, acts of asking, acts of suggesting, acts of doing, acts of authority of activities, and acts of placement
THE OLDEST PERSIAN MANUSCRIPT
Authors:   Candidate of historical sciences, Senior researcher Institute of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan, Amanulla Buriev
Published: June 2022

The following article includes a description of one particular manuscript from the fund of the Abu Rayhan Beruni Institute of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan Academy of Science for the purpose of determining its time of copying and antiquity.
DIRECTIONS TO INCREASE RESOURCE SAVING IN TEXTILE ENTERPRISES OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   PhD, Senior lecturer, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Madrakhimova Gulasal R. , Kholbekova Feruza R. ,   Senior lecturer, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2022

This article develops forecasts of economic indicators based on econometric modeling of economic development indicators of textile enterprises.
EVALUATION OF THE USE OF GLYCOSAMINOGLIKANS IN ELIMINATION OF BONE TISSUE CHANGES IN CHRONIC DISEASE PERIODONTITIS
Authors:   Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan, Sharipovna Nazarova Nodira , Tokhirovna Mirzakulova Lola ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2022

The continuous development of modern periodontology, its enrichment with new scientific materials makes it possible to identify the leading links in the pathogenesis and features of the most frequent clinical manifestations of periodontal diseases, to provide the most etiologically and pathogenetically accurate periodontal care. In recent years, traditional complex treatment regimens require new constructive ideas.
VIRTUAL RECOURCES IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING ENGLISH
Authors:   Student, Uzbekistan State World Languages University, Uzbekistan, Karimova Yasmina R. , Yuldasheva Salomat ,   Supervisor, Lecturer, Uzbekistan State World Languages University, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2022

This article analyzes virtual resources in the process of teaching English. Habitual virtual phenomena appear in a new quality due to the disclosure of their linguistic and didactic potential in English classes. The author pays special attention to the relevance of authentic materials in this pedagogical process. Their importance is not in doubt in modern conditions, but they are spoken of as means, which are material objects. Until now, when talking about technical teaching aids, the emphasis is on the equipment itself, which has already become familiar, while today the content and form of the information transmitted using it, in other words, the content, is much more important.
SOME LEXICAL FEATURES OF BUSINESS FRENCH
Authors:   Lecturer, Bukhara State University, Department of German and French Languages, Tairova Mavluda Kh.
Published: June 2022

This article examines the lexical features of the business French language. The specificity of business correspondence in general is highlighted.
PEDAGOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS
Authors:   Basic Doctoral Student Of Namangan State University, Uzbekistan, Khamidullaevna Akhrorova Umida
Published: June 2022

This article discusses the basic principles of systematic analysis in pedagogy, which is a topical concept in the modern innovative educational environment.
SEMANTICS AND PRAGMATICS OF AXIOLOGICAL MODALITY EXPRESSED IN COMPLEX SIMPLE SENTENCES
Authors:   Lecturer, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Boymatova Dilnoza B.
Published: June 2022

In this article, we focus on research in Uzbek linguistics on subjective modality. In particular, we have demonstrated with examples that the type of subjective assessment - axiological assessment - is not studied in the example of specific linguistic units, in particular, complex simple sentences.
ENVIRONMENT OF BUKHARA LITERATURE IN THE ANTHOLOGY “MUZAKKIR UL-AS’HOB”
Authors:   Teacher, Department of Classical philology and literary sources, Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Raxmatullayev Nodir Nuritdinovich
Published: June 2022

Muhammad Badi ibn Muhammad Sharif Samarkandi's Muzakkir ul-Ashab, which provides information about more than 200 poets of Movaraunnahr and Iran, is one of the most important sources on the life and work of poets in Bukhara and Samarkand. This article analyzes the coverage of the literary environment of Bukhara in the work "Muzakkir ul-as'hab" and the author's skill in it.