bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Quality of Educational Services of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences based on SERVQUAL Model
Authors: Rahbar Mahdi , Ghavimi Mohamad Ali , Kalvanag Alireza Faraji , Ghoreishizadeh Arezo , Ghanizadeh Milad
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Students in the medical field are the future authorities of the health systems in every community. In this context, the quality and efficacy of each health system is directly related to the quality of education the students in the medical field receive. In this study, we evaluated the quality of educational services by determining the gaps between students’ expectations and perceptions in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in relation to the quality of educational services.

Materials and methods

In this descriptive/analytical and cross-sectional study, the students studying in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2016, who had studied for at least four semesters, were evaluated. Data were collected with the use of a two-part questionnaire. The first part consisted of questions on the demographic data of the subjects and the second part consisted of 26 questions on students’ perceptions and 26 questions on their expectations in relation to the quality of educational services. Data were analyzed with descriptive and chi-squared test using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.

Results

The results showed that the mean scores of the students’ expectations and perceptions of the educational quality were 4.5 ± 0.33 and 2.9 ± 0.7 respectively, with a mean gap of -1.5 ± 0.7.

Conclusion

The results of this study showed negative gaps in all the aspects of educational quality.

Clinical Significance

This study has no clinical significance because it is a descriptive study about quality of educational service.

How to cite this article

Ghavimi MA, Rahbar M, Kalvanag AF, Ghoreishizadeh A, Ghanizadeh M. Evaluation of the Quality of Educational Services of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences based on SERVQUAL Model. World J Dent 2017;8(2):114-118.
Interrelationship of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Ganjre Anjali P
Published: July 2019

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder. Malignant transformation is a major concern related with OSMF. Despite array of studies discussed, pathogenic factors responsible for carcinogenesis in OSMF is still a field of research. Autophagy is a degradation of unwanted cytoplasmic material to maintain cellular biosynthesis when cell is under metabolic stress. Tissue microenvironment consists of diverse mechanisms. It is found that the autophagy has a major impact on these mechanisms to maintain homeostasis. However, dysregulated autophagy has been involved in disruption of the homeostasis and leads to formation of various diseases including cancer. Altered autophagy enhances oxidative stress in the cell which is a critical cause of genetic instability and oncogenesis. Plethora of studies supports that autophagy is implicated in carcinogenesis process and are interlinked with each other. In OSMF, areca nut causes increase in production of reactive oxygen species and formation of oxidative stress which is being wielded by autophagy. Furthermore, modulated autophagy has an impact on senescence and immunity which can lead to cancer. There is an explicit cause and effect relationship present between autophagy and oncogenesis in OSMF. It is our sincere efforts to elucidate this relationship in OSMF so that it can be incorporated in therapeutic purpose at an early stage.

How to cite this article

Ganjre AP. Interrelationship of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis. World J Dent 2017;8(2):139-144.
Osteoprotegerin Level Differences in Orthodontic Treatment with Self-ligating and Conventional Preadjusted Brackets at Early Aligning and Leveling Phase
Authors: Widayati Retno , Adiwirya Muhammad SK , Soedarsono Nurtami
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study aims to investigate the differences in osteoprotegerin (OPG) concentrations in early aligning and leveling of orthodontic treatments using self-ligating and conventional preadjusted brackets.

Materials and methods

Three groups consisting of two experimental groups and one control group participated in this study. A total of 18 patients were selected according to the following inclusion criteria: Little's irregularity index on maxillary anterior teeth ranging from 4 to 9 mm, nonextraction orthodontic treatment on the experimental group, and no previous orthodontic treatment. The experimental group received orthodontic treatment with either a passive self-ligating or conventional preadjusted bracket system, while the control group did not receive orthodontic treatment. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collection was done at baseline, 1, 24, and 168 hours on five points of maxillary anterior proximal sites, from the mesiolabial side of the canine to the mesiolabial side of its contralateral side. The OPG concentration was assessed by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

The OPG concentration on both bracket systems was decreased in a time-dependent manner. Decreasing concentration was maintained up until 168 hours on the self-ligating bracket, while conventional preadjusted bracket showed significantly increasing concentration at 168 hours (p = 0.004). Levels of OPG were significantly lower on self-ligating bracket compared with the conventional bracket at 1, 24, and 168 hours (p < 0.005).

Conclusion

Both bracket systems showed decreasing OPG concentration up to 24 hours after orthodontic activation. A maintained decreasing level of OPG was observed on the self-ligating bracket group at 168 hours, and it showed significant lower OPG concentration compared with the conventional preadjusted bracket group at 1, 24, and 168 hours after initial force application.

Clinical significance

The maintained decreasing level of OPG could indicate bone resorption that allows tooth movement into correct alignment that still occurs on self-ligating bracket up to 168 hours after initial activation.

How to cite this article

Widayati R, Adiwirya MSK, Soedarsono N. Osteoprotegerin Level Differences in Orthodontic Treatment with Self-ligating and Conventional Preadjusted Brackets at Early Aligning and Leveling Phase. World J Dent 2018;9(1):2-7.
Determination of Correlation of Width of Maxillary Anterior Teeth using Extraoral and Intraoral Factors in Indian Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ariga Padma , Nallaswamy Deepak , Jain Ashish R , Ganapathy Dhanraj M
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Various anthropometric measurements have been used to determine the size of maxillary anterior teeth. However, which anthropometric measurement is the most reliable indicator to determine the width of maxillary anterior teeth remains unclear.

Aims and objectives

To evaluate which anthropometric measurement is the most reliable indicator in determining the width of maxillary anterior teeth.

Materials and methods

An electronic search was conducted for scholarly articles discussing various anthropometric measurements used for determination of width of maxillary anterior teeth, written in English or translated into English listed with PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and Google scholar databases. The search strategy yielded 119 articles. Out of them, 70 were excluded following reading of abstract, and 49 were selected for full-text reading. Of these, 21 were excluded based on exclusion criteria. Finally, 28 articles were included for final search. Due to heterogenicity of studies, a meta-analysis was not performed.

Results

High degree of correlation was seen between interalar width (IAD), interpupillary distance (IPD), bizygomatic width (BW), and width of maxillary anterior teeth, in Indian population, whereas in Saudi population, intercanthal distance (ICD) has high degree of correlation to the width of maxillary anterior teeth, and in Brazilian (mulatto and blacks) population, high degree of correlation was seen between intercommissural width (ICOW) and width of maxillary anterior teeth.

Conclusion

The anthropometric measurement used depends on the population group in which it is being used. There is no single anthropometric measurement that can be used to determine the width of maxillary anterior teeth. Hence, more studies with large sample size and different population groups need to be conducted.

Clinical significance

In Indian population, high degree of correlation was seen between IAD, IPD, BW, and width of maxillary anterior teeth. The results of the previous study should be validated by including a large population size spread over entire Indian subcontinent. This would also help to generate multiplication factor for various anthropological measurements for use limited to the Indian population.

How to cite this article

Jain AR, Nallaswamy D, Ariga P, Ganapathy DM. Determination of Correlation of Width of Maxillary Anterior Teeth using Extraoral and Intraoral Factors in Indian Population: A Systematic Review. World J Dent 2018;9(1):68-75.
Softening Condition of Impression Compound for Border molding of Removable Dentures
Authors: Ueda Takayuki , Sakurai Kaoru , Koike Takashi , Takano Tomofumi , Kugimiya Yoshihiro
Published: July 2019

Objectives

To prepare removable dentures, border molding using an impression compound has been employed for a long time to obtain a denture border morphology harmonized with perioral muscle movement. However, border molding using impression compound is performed following practitioner's empirical rule. The objective of this study is to clarify the optimum softening conditions of impression compound for border molding, for which we measured the pressure assumed to be loaded on impression compound during border molding.

Materials and methods

The pressure assumed to be loaded on an impression compound during border molding was measured using a tongue pressure-measuring device. Based on the measured pressure, appropriate softening conditions were investigated (softening temperature and water immersion time) for three types of impression compound: Red (Impression com- pound Red, Kerr, USA), green (Peri Compound, GC, Japan), and pink (Iso Compound, GC, Japan).

Results

The measured pressure was significantly different between those in the oral vestibule in the lower anterior tooth region during tugging the mouth corner, and in the gingivobuccal fold of the lower first molar during large mouth opening. Regarding the impression compound softening condition, red was deformed by all measured muscle pressures after immersion in 60°C water for 30 seconds and 65°C water for 20, 25, and 30 seconds. Green was deformed by all measured muscle pressures after immersion in 60°C water for 30 seconds, and 65°C water for 25 and 30 seconds. In contrast, pink was deformed by all measured muscle pressures after immersion in 55°C water for 25 and 30 seconds.

Conclusion

It was clarified that for border molding, muscle pressures of all regions during the functional movements can be registered using red and green softened by immersion in 60°C water for 30 seconds and pink softened by immersion for 20 seconds.

How to cite this article

Takano T, Kugimiya Y, Koike T, Ueda T, Sakurai K. Softening Condition of Impression Compound for Border molding of Removable Dentures. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(2):37-42.
Conservative Approach for replacing missing Tooth using Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite
Authors: Raina Sadhana A , Khode Priyanka , Warhadpande Manjusha M
Published: July 2019

The loss of anterior tooth can be hurtful to the patient both psychologically and socially. In adolescent patients, temporary replacement of teeth can minimize these concerns. Many approaches have been described for this temporary replacement. Adhesively luted, fiber-reinforced retained fixed partial denture (FPD) can be a clinical alternative for the replacement of missing anterior tooth in selective situations. This is an innovative alternative to conventional metal, ceramic restoration. It is especially useful for patients who cannot afford high cost of FPD and cannot devote much time (number of sittings) for the treatment. The main advantage of fiber-reinforced composite fixed prosthesis is conservative cutting of tooth. Structure and chairside fabrication of the bridge using acrylic tooth are less expensive for the patients. The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the fiber-reinforced composite FPD. This report describes the clinical treatment of patients using fiber-reinforced composite.

How to cite this article

Raina SA, Khode P, Warhadpande MM. Conservative Approach for replacing missing Tooth using Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(2):47-49.
Comparison of Maximal Gingival Display during Different Facial Expressions and Evaluation of Golden Percentage in a Section of North Indian Population: An AutoCAD Analysis
Authors: Dhawan Pankaj , Qadri Mahak , Madhukar Pankaj , Tandan Piyush
Published: July 2019

Aim

To compare the amount of maximal gingival display among four different facial expressions and evaluate the golden percentage in a section of North Indian population.

Materials and methods

Photographs of a total of 100 subjects of North Indian origin with age ranging from 18 to 25 years will be taken and then assessed using AutoCAD© software.

Results

Neither smile type (requested or Duchenne) revealed a significantly greater amount of gingival display above the maxillary central or lateral incisors, but the grimace of disgust and funnel-shaped expressions did. At the central and lateral incisors, the grimace of disgust and funnel-shaped expressions produced the greatest amounts of gingival display. At the maxillary canines and the first premolars, both smiles (requested and Duchenne) exhibited the largest amount of gingival display of the four facial expressions.

Conclusion

There exists a difference in gingival display among four different facial expressions over each tooth visible, and the golden percentage was found to be present in more than 99% of the subjects studied.

Clinical significance

This article considers gingival display as an important factor in rehabilitating esthetic smiles, and proposes the concept of the golden percentage as a more useful application in diagnosing and developing symmetry, dominance, and proportion for esthetically pleasing smiles.

How to cite this article

Qadri M, Dhawan P, Madhukar P, Tandan P. Comparison of Maximal Gingival Display during Different Facial Expressions and Evaluation of Golden Percentage in a Section of North Indian Population: An AutoCAD Analysis. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(4):79-84.
Ki-67 Index in Salivary Gland Neoplasms
Authors: Kaza Suma , Rao T Jaya Mastan , Mikkilineni Anupama , Ratnam G Venkata , Rao D Ranga
Published: July 2019

Assessment of proliferation is a means of predicting local recurrence and metastatic potential of malignancies. A mitotic count is not an ideal marker for proliferation in certain situations, such as salivary gland neoplasms. Ki-67 expression as a proliferation marker has been investigated in many human tumors. In the present study, Mitotic index (MI) and Ki-67 index were studied in pleomorphic adenoma, basal cell adenoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma, carcinoma ex Pleomorphic adenoma and adenocarcinoma of salivary glands. The results were compared.

The MI was similar in benign neoplasms, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma, whereas it was high in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. The Ki-67 index was different in basal cell adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma. It was helpful in differentiating high grade and low grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. It highlighted the malignant behavior of epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma.

It was concluded that Ki-67 in benign neoplasms is 5% or less and in malignant ones more than 23% with a few exceptions. In mucoepidermoid carcinoma and epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma, Ki-67 index was found to be a better indicator for aggressiveness. These findings will be presented in this paper, with review of literature.

How to cite this article

Kaza S, Rao TJM, Mikkilineni A, Ratnam GV, Rao DR. Ki-67 Index in Salivary Gland Neoplasms. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2016;6(1):1-7.
An in vitro Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of endodontically treated Teeth with Different Restorative Materials
Authors: Seal Mukut , Talukdar Pratim , Sangwan Babita , Rishi Rahul , Jain Kanav , Dutt Pranjali
Published: July 2019

Aims

The aim of the present study is to compare and assess the fracture resistance of root canal treated teeth with different restorative materials.

Materials and methods

The present in vitro study was carried out on seventy-five freshly extracted, noncarious, single-canal human lower-first premolars with similar anatomic characteristics. Teeth were randomly assigned to five groups with 15 teeth being present in each group. Group I is control group (no alteration done), group II is restored with silver amalgam after endodontic therapy, group III is restored with posterior composite after endodontic therapy, group IV is restored with posterior glass ionomer cement (GIC) after endodontic therapy, and group V is restored with miracle mix after endodontic therapy. Universal testing machine was used to assess the fracture strength. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test followed by Tukey's post hoc test were used to determine the significant difference between each group. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results

The mean fracture resistance of control group showed highest fracture resistance with a mean Newton of 1083.33 ± 136.78. Among the restorative material, the highest fracture resistance was shown by teeth restored by composite (845.46 ± 47.36), followed by silver amalgam (845.46 ± 47.36). There was statistically significant difference among all the restorative materials compared with the control group (p < 0.05). However, among the teeth restored with silver amalgam and miracle mix, there was no statistical significance (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

The present study concludes that composites are found to be having more fracture resistance followed by silver amalgam on endodontically treated premolar teeth.

Clinical significance

Restoring nonvital teeth represents a major challenge for clinicians as they are extensively damaged due to caries and endodontic access preparations. With various restorative materials in the market, it becomes difficult for the clinician to choose the better restorative material for postendodontic restoration.

How to cite this article

Sangwan B, Rishi R, Seal M, Jain K, Dutt P, Talukdar P. An in vitro Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of endodontically treated Teeth with Different Restorative Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):549-552.
Effect of Intracanal Cryotherapy and Negative Irrigation Technique on Postendodontic Pain
Authors: Al-Nahlawi Talal , Hatab Talaat Abo , Alrazak Mahmoud Abd , Al-Abdullah Ahmad
Published: July 2019

Aim

To evaluate the effect of intracanal cryotherapy with negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac) on postendodontic pain after vital single-visit root canal treatment (RCT).

Materials and methods

A total of 75 single-rooted teeth with single root canal were treated endodontically. After root canal preparation with Protaper Universal rotary system and irrigation, teeth were divided randomly into three groups (n = 25) according to additional irrigation protocol as follows: Group I: No additional irrigation was applied (control); group II: A 20 mL of room temperature saline was irrigated during 5 minutes using EndoVac, and group III: A 20 mL of 2 to 4°C cold saline was irrigated during 5 minutes using EndoVac. Pain levels were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) and verbal evaluation of pain questionnaire after 6, 12, 24, 48 hours, and 7 days of canal obturation. The data were then analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 13.0 using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests at p-value of 0.05.

Results

The results showed that pain levels were high in groups I and II after 6 hours that decreased with time to almost diminish after 1 week, and on the other hand, group III showed no pain among different monitoring periods. Also pain levels in groups II were lower compared with group I after only 6 hours, with significance p < 0.05.

Conclusion

Postendodontic pain presented with highest values after 6 hours of treatment and reduced to almost nil after 1 week. Intracanal cryotherapy eliminated postendodontic pain clinically. Negative pressure reduced postendodontic pain after 6 hours of treatment.

Clinical significance

The outcome of this study indicates that the use of intracanal cryotherapy technique with negative pressure irrigation eliminates postendodontic pain after single-visit RCTs.

How to cite this article

Al-Nahlawi T, Abo Hatab T, Abd Alrazak M, Al-Abdullah A. Effect of Intracanal Cryotherapy and Negative Irrigation Technique on Postendodontic Pain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):990-996.
Accuracy of Three Shade-matching Devices in Replicating the Shade of Metal Ceramic Restorations: An in vitro Study
Authors: Lakhanpal Shruti , Neelima Menon S
Published: July 2019

Introduction

In restorative dentistry, the clinician commonly encounters the challenge of replicating the color of natural teeth due to the subjectivity of perceptual evaluation. Recent advances in photography and computing have resulted in the widespread use of the digital camera for color imaging. These instruments can be used effectively for shade matching and communication to yield predictable results.

Materials and methods

The study sample consisted of 20 freshly extracted noncarious premolars. The Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L*a*b* values of the tooth were obtained through a spectrophotometer, digital camera, and digital camera with a polarizer. Shade selection was carried out using VITA 3D Master and calculating the Euclidian distance. The fabricated metal ceramic crowns were then evaluated to check the shade replication by comparing the CIE L*a*b* values of the crowns with the reference shade tab images.

Results

The three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparative analysis using Bonferroni test reveals that the difference in the mean L*a* values between spectrophotometer and polarization dental imaging modality (PDIM) was insignificant. The difference in the mean L*a*b* of spectrophotometer and digital camera was statistically significant. The mean ΔE for metal ceramic crowns and shade tabs was 4.2 that was greater than the clinically acceptable level (3.2).

Conclusion

A statistically significant correlation was found to exist between the spectrophotometer and PDIM for all CIE L*, a*, and b* color coordinates.

Clinical significance

The present study was undertaken to assess the shade-matching ability of three shade-matching devices, such as spectrophotometer, digital camera, and PDIM, in the accuracy of replication of metal ceramic restorations.

How to cite this article

Lakhanpal S, Neelima MS. Accuracy of Three Shade-matching Devices in Replicating the Shade of Metal Ceramic Restorations: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):1003-1008.
Effect of Audioanalgesia in 6- to 12-year-old Children during Dental Treatment Procedure
Authors: Ramar Kavitha , Hariharavel VP , Sinnaduri Gayathri , Sambath Gayathri , Zohni Fathima , Alagu Palani J
Published: July 2019

Introduction

To evaluate the effect of audioanalgesia in 6- to 12-year-old children during dental treatment procedure.

Materials and methods

A total of 40 children were selected and divided into two groups, study group – with audioanalgesia and control group – without audioanalgesia. The value of their pain was evaluated using Venham's pain rating scale. Data were compared using one-sample t-test using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (Inc.; Chicago, IL, USA), version 17.0.

Results

The difference in the control group and study group was statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The method of distraction using audioanalgesia instills better positive dental attitude in children and decreases their pain perception.

Clinical significance

Playing or hearing music during dental procedure significantly alters the perception of pain in 6- to 12-year-old children.

How to cite this article

Ramar K, Hariharavel VP, Sinnaduri G, Sambath G, Zohni F, Alagu PJ. Effect of Audioanalgesia in 6- to 12-year-old Children during Dental Treatment Procedure. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):1013-1015.
Antibacterial Activity of Two Chemomechanical Caries Removal Gels on Carious Dentin of Primary Teeth: An in vitro Study
Authors: Khalil Hesham S , Gulzar Shabnam , Arora Ruchi , Shah Altaf H , Bhardwaj Bhupendra , Abusalim Ghadah , Wyne Amjad H
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) is an effective method of caries removal especially for primary teeth as they cause less discomfort when compared with conventional caries removal. The most significant thing about caries removal is the elimination of cariogenic bacteria. This study compares the antibacterial activity of two CMCR gels.

Materials and methods

A total of 40 primary molar teeth with carious dentin were split along the long axis in a laboratory. Total viable count (TVC) was taken for the teeth before splitting as a measure of colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). Each half was treated with either Carisolv or Carie-Care CMCR gels. Clean dentin samples were evaluated for Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (LB) after removal of carious tissue using the caries removal gels using serial dilutions and incubating on specific agar plates.

Results

The results showed significant reduction in mean TVC after use of both the CMCR gels. Both gels reduced the CFU/mL of SM and LB to a significant level (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the antibacterial activities of the two CMCR gels.

Conclusion

The CMCR gels (Carisolv and Carie-Care) significantly reduced the residual TVC as well as SM and LB in carious primary dentin. Both CMCR gels had a similar antibacterial activity on the carious dentin of primary teeth.

Clinical significance

The CMCR gels tested have a significant antibacterial activity and can be effectively used for elimination of caries-causing bacteria in primary teeth.

How to cite this article

Gulzar S, Arora R, Shah AH, Bhardwaj B, Abusalim G, Khalil HS, Wyne AH. Antibacterial Activity of Two Chemomechanical Caries Removal Gels on Carious Dentin of Primary Teeth: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):1027-1032.
New Single-bottle Ceramic Primer: 6-month Case Report and Laboratory Performance
Authors: Siqueira Fabiana SF , Alessi Rodrigo S , Cardenas Andres FM , Kose Carlos , Pinto Shelon C Souza , Loguercio Alessandro D , Gomes João C
Published: July 2019

Introduction

This article presents a 6-month case report and an in vitro evaluation of the performance of the new self-etching glass-ceramic monobond etch and prime (MEP) when applied in a lithium disilicate (LD). The MEP contains in the same bottle, along with acid conditioner and silanes. This simplifies the bonding procedures by reducing not only the number of steps, but also the working time. A 42-year-old female patient sought for esthetic treatment, and the main complaint was the darkened appearance of the upper lateral incisor. The esthetic treatment includes dental bleaching and gingivectomy, all-ceramic zirconia crowns, and all-ceramic crown and laminate veneer LD. After 6 months of esthetic treatment, marginal staining, gap, or chip fracturing damaging margins after sharp explorer in the margins was not observed. Furthermore, the inferior etching pattern of MEP was compared with traditional hydrofluoric acid (HF) conditioning. The microshear bond strength to the intaglio surface of LD was statistically similar when HF was compared with MEP. This new self-etching glass-ceramic showed good in vitro and 6 months clinical results in this case report. Future long-term clinical studies with more clinical case need to be done to confirm the performance of the use of this new conditioner.

Clinical significance

The use of a new self-etching glassceramic showed a good in vitro and 6 months clinical results. This new product can be an easy, simple, and alternative approach for esthetics bonding procedure.

How to cite this article

Siqueira FSF, Alessi RS, Cardenas AFM, Kose C, Souza Pinto SC, Bandeca MC, Loguercio AD, Gomes JC. New Single-bottle Ceramic Primer: 6-month Case Report and Laboratory Performance. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016; 17(12):1033-1039.
Flute and Shank Dimensions of Reciprocating Instruments before and after Simulated Root Canal shaping
Authors: Estrela Carlos , Sampaio Felipe C , Brito Ana PP , Veloso Heloisa HP , de Alencar Ana HG , de A Decurcio Daniel , de Figueiredo José AP
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study analyzed the effect of the dimensions of the flute and shank in the first 4 mm of instrument tips on the deformation and dimensional changes of reciprocating instruments after root canal shaping (RCS).

Materials and methods

The reciprocating instruments used were Reciproc®R25, R40, and R50; WaveOne®Small, Primary, and Large; and Unicone®#20, #25, and #40. Scanning electron microscopy images of the first 4 mm of the tip were acquired at 30× magnification before and after simulated curved root canals were shaped. Each instrument was used only once. The images were transferred to the AxioVision®software to measure the flute area (µm2, shank area (µm2), flute length (µm), and crosssectional diameter (µm). Student's t test for paired samples was used to compare differences before and after RCS, and analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test, to compare differences between instruments of similar sizes. The instruments were classified according to deformations after RCS.

Results

Reciproc®instruments had larger flutes and smaller shanks. The Reciproc®R40 had significant differences in crosssectional diameter at 0.5 mm from the tip. Reciproc®had no plastic deformations. Unicone®#20 instruments had significant differences in cross-sectional diameter at 1.5 and 3.0 mm from the tip, and #25 instruments had differences at 1.5 and 3.0 mm and in length of the second and third flutes. One #20 and three #40 instruments had plastic deformations. The differences in length of the first and fourth flutes of WaveOne®Primary and in cross-sectional diameter at 2.0 mm from the tip of WaveOne®Large were significant. Two of three WaveOne®Large instruments had plastic deformations.

Conclusion

Reciproc®instruments had greater flute areas and lengths and smaller shanks than Unicone®and WaveOne®instruments of similar sizes. Reciproc®instruments had a greater flute-to-shank ratio. WaveOne®instruments had the lowest flute-to-shank ratio. Unicone®instruments had the most plastic deformations. Instruments with larger flutes and smaller shanks had fewer plastic deformations after curved RCS.

Clinical significance

The knowledge of mechanical behavior before choosing the endodontic instrument may avoid fracture, regardless of the clinical condition, and it is essential to the success of root canal treatment.

How to cite this article

Sampaio FC, Brito APP, Veloso HHP, Alencar AHG, Decurcio DA, Figueiredo JAP, Estrela C. Flute and Shank Dimensions of Reciprocating Instruments before and after Simulated Root Canal shaping. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(3):198-204.
Comparison of Different Post Systems for Fracture Resistance: An in vitro Study
Authors: Vadavadagi Suneel V , Dhananjaya Kiran M , Yadahalli Rashmi P , Lahari M , Shetty Shilpa R , Bhavana BL
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Endodontic restoration becomes a challenging task for the clinician because of severe loss of coronal tooth structure owing to trauma, caries, restorative, and endodontic procedures. The restoration of these teeth requires the use of a post and core as individual units or as abutment supports for fixed or removable restorations in a predictable long-term manner.

Aim

To compare and assess the compressive bond strength of glass, quartz, and carbon fiber posts restored with porcelainfused- to-metal (PFM) crown.

Materials and methods

A total of 45 upper central incisor teeth having straight root canals, similar anatomically root segments, and fully developed apices were selected. Teeth were divided into three groups of 15 teeth after endodontic treatment. Group I: Teeth inserted with the prefabricated glass fiber post. Group II: Teeth inserted with the quartz fiber post. Group III: Teeth inserted with carbon fiber post. The posts were placed and core was fabricated using composite restoration followed by PFM crown cementation using adhesive resin. Compressive load required to fracture the tooth was measured using a universal loading machine. The difference between the variables was assessed by one-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey's post hoc test.

Results

The compressive strength exhibited by carbon fiber posts was highest with a mean of 668.33 ± 26.397, followed by quartz fiber post (635.80 ± 30.390). Least compressive strength was exhibited by glass fiber post (567.53 ± 26.632). An analysis of variance shows statistically highly significant difference (p < 0.005) among the posts used.

Conclusion

This study concluded that the carbon fiber posts had higher compressive strength than other quartz, glass fiber posts.

Clinical significance

Endodontic treatment results in loss of a significant part of the tooth structure. Posts restore these teeth and provide retention.

How to cite this article

Vadavadagi SV, Dhananjaya KM, Yadahalli RP, Lahari M, Shetty SR, Bhavana BL. Comparison of Different Post Systems for Fracture Resistance: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(3):205-208.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Women in Slums of Pimpri, Chinchwad, Pune, Maharashtra, India, regarding Usage of Mishri
Authors: Chawla Roshani M , Mitra Pranjan , Shetiya Sahana H , Agarwal Deepti R , Narayana D Satya , Bomble Nikhil
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Mishri is one of the form of smokeless tobacco, which is a roasted, powdered preparation made by baking tobacco on a hot metal plate until it is uniformly black, after which it is powdered. It is noted that mishri use is more commonly used by the women of low socioeconomic status, hence the need was felt to conduct this study among women mishri users of slums. Also, the consequences of mishri use are little known, hence an effort is made to find out its ill-effect on oral health.

Objective

To assess knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among women using mishri regarding its effects on their oral and general health.

Materials and methods

A 6-month KAP study was conducted among 100 women who were using mishri. Snowball sampling was used. Oral examination of the participants was also done for oral potentially malignant disorders, such as leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, and hyperkeratinized pouch.

Results

About 61% of the population used mishri for cleaning the teeth and others used it as quid; 0.85% of the total participants knew that the use of mishri may lead to precancerous lesions/conditions. Only 17% knew that mishri use can cause gum disease; 84% of the population was willing to quit the habit of using mishri.

Conclusion

It is concluded that all the participants had poor knowledge. Attitude toward quitting mishri use was found to be good. About 4% of the participants reported about quitting the habit.

Clinical significance

There is need to create awareness regarding harmful effects of mishri usage in this particular area to improve oral health status.

How to cite this article

Chawla RM, Mitra P, Shetiya SH, Agarwal DR, Narayana DS, Bomble N. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Women in Slums of Pimpri, Chinchwad, Pune, Maharashtra, India, regarding Usage of Mishri. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(3):218-221.
Treatment of Extrusive Luxation in Permanent Teeth: Literature Review with Systematic Criteria
Authors: Okamoto Roberta , de Faria Lorraine P , Amaral Marina F , de Almeida Melyna M , Brandini Daniela A , Poi Wilson R
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Extrusive luxation is a traumatic dental injury caused by the action of oblique forces, characterized by partial displacement of the tooth out of its socket. The ideal treatment for this type of trauma involves repositioning the tooth in its socket. However, in cases where the tooth cannot be repositioned, different options may be considered, such as intentional reattachment and orthodontic intrusion. The aim is to review the literature on the extrusive luxation of permanent teeth while assessing the risks of complications for two methods of delayed treatment for extrusive luxation.

Materials and methods

An electronic search from August 2005 to August 2014 was performed by two reviewers independently, and conflicts were resolved by a third reviewer. The databases used were PubMed and Scopus; the reviewers performed a manual search of the following journals: Dental Traumatology, American Journal of Orthodontics, and Clinical Oral Investigation.

Results

After removing the duplicate studies, 328 articles were found. Out of these, 321 were rejected as not addressing the proposed research topic. In addition, five articles were excluded because apical repositioning was used for treatment. Therefore, four articles formed the basis of the study.

Conclusion

Factors, such as root formation, the degree of tooth mobility, and the presence of tooth vitality were decisive for the choice of treatment. However, both treatments were effective and showed favorable results, i.e., without periodontal and root damage.

Clinical Significance

Knowledge of the risks of complications among two methods of delayed treatment for extrusive luxation, as well as other important factors to take into consideration when choosing a treatment assists dentists in improving the prognostic.

How to cite this article

Amaral MF, de Almeida MM, de Faria LP, Brandini DA, Poi WR, Okamoto R. Treatment of Extrusive Luxation in Permanent Teeth: Literature Review with Systematic Criteria. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(3):241-245.
Unilateral Post-LASIK Ectasia in a Topographical Normal Eye with a Slight Asymmetry in the Contralateral Eye
Authors: Berguiga Marouen , Saad Alain
Published: July 2019

Purpose

To report a case of post-LASIK unilateral corneal ectasia.

Setting

Department of anterior segment and Refractive surgery, Rothschild Foundation, Paris.

Case report

A 33-year-old woman was referred with a history of unilateral post-LASIK ectasia in her left eye, 18 months post operatively. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 with a manifest refraction of +1.75 (–4.75 × 90). Orbscan ii® revealed an inferior steepening associated with irregular astigmatism. The preoperative Placido topographies revealed a slight skewed radial axis in the right eye associated with an inferior-superior keratometry difference of 1.6 Diopters at 3 mm. in the left eye that developed ectasia, regular symmetric astigmatism was present. Uncorrected visual acuity improved to 20/25 2 weeks after keraRing® segment insertion.

How to cite this article

Berguiga M, saad a, Gatinel D. Unilateral Post-LASIK Ectasia in a Topographical Normal Eye with a slight asymmetry in the Contralateral Eye. int J kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(1):47-51.
Complications of Intrastromal Corneal Ring Implantation (Keraring 355°) using a Femtosecond Laser for Channel Creation
Authors: Jadidi Khosrow , Mosavi Seyed Aliasghar , Nejat Farhad , Alishiri Aliagha
Published: July 2019

Purpose

To report complications after the implantation of Keraring 355° intrastromal corneal ring (ICR; Mediphacos, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) in keratoconic eyes using a Ziemer LDV femto- second laser (Ziemer AG, Switzerland) for channel creation.

Materials and methods

Five eyes suffering from keratoconus underwent Keraring 355° insertion using Ziemer LDV for corneal pocket creation. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded.

Results

While intraoperatively there were no complication, postoperatively all cases showed severe side effects.

Conclusion

In this small case series, intracorneal ring (Keraring 355°) implantation using a femtosecond laser for channel creation was related to a number of significant postoperative problems in all cases. The most common complication was corneal melting (postoperatively).

How to cite this article

Jadidi K, Mosavi SA, Nejat F, Alishiri A. Complications of Intrastromal Corneal Ring Implantation (Kera- ring 355°) using a Femtosecond Laser for Channel Creation. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(2):53-56.
Unilateral Ectasia characterized by Advanced Diagnostic Tests
Authors: Lopes Bernardo , Salomão Marcella Q , Ramos Isaac C , Faria-Correia Fernando
Published: July 2019

To describe a case of very asymmetric ectasia successfully treated by femtosecond laser-assisted intracorneal ring segment implantation, in which the diagnosis of unilateral ectasia in the right eye was based on the clinical findings including history, follow-up, and advanced diagnostic data. The patient's history was positive for ocular allergy with moderate- to-intense eye rubbing only in the right eye. The uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/63 in the right eye and 20/32 in the left eye. The corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was 20/40 in the right eye (-1.75-4.00 × 35°) and 20/16 in the left eye (-0.50-0.25 × 115°). After femtosecond laser-assisted intracorneal ring segment implantation, the right eye improved CDVA to 20/20-1. Concerning ectasia/keratoconus diagnosis, the left eye remained stable over 1 year of follow-up with unremarkable topometric, tomographic, and biomechanical findings. Epithelial thickness mapping by spectral domain optical coherence tomography and very-high-frequency digital ultrasound demonstrated epithelial thickness within normal limits in the left eye. Advanced diagnostic methods along with clinical data enable the distinction from unilateral ectasia cases and subclinical (fruste) keratoconus. Literature review is also performed along with case presentation and discussion.

How to cite this article

Ramos IC, Reinstein DZ, Archer TJ, Gobbe M, Salomão MQ, Lopes B, Luz A, Faria-Correia F, Gatinel D, Belin MW, Ambrósio R Jr. Unilateral Ectasia characterized by Advanced Diagnostic Tests. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2016;5(1):40-51.
Serum Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels in Mothers and their Newborns: An Observational Study
Authors: Krishnaswamy Priyanka H , Prabhu Sujatha , Pandith N Ashwini , Shetty Achal
Published: July 2019

Aim

To estimate the average serum values of vitamin B12 and folate in women with a term pregnancy and the cord blood of their newborns. To find if any correlation exists between the levels of serum B12 and folate in the mother and that of the neonate.

Materials and methods

A prospective observational study of serum B12 and folate levels and the respective cord blood concentrations of 51 term, nonanemic, pregnant women and in the cord blood of their newborns at delivery.

Results

Fifteen women were B12 deficient (29.4%) with the mean being 189.25 ± 94.2 ng/mL and 14 neonates were B12 deficient (27.45%) with their mean being 321.86 ± 143.68 ng/mL. One woman was folate deficient (1.96%) with the mean being 13.13 ± 5.15 ng/mL and one neonate was folate deficient (1.96%) with the mean being 15.68 ± 4.61 ng/mL. There was a significant correlation between maternal and neonatal B12 levels with a Pearson's coefficient of 0.74 (p-value of < 0.01) and a significant correlation between maternal and neonatal folate levels with a Pearson's coefficient of 0.44 (p-value of < 0.01).

Conclusion

There is a high incidence of maternal B12 deficiency in the Indian community, which has a positive correlation with neonatal levels. Treatment of B12 and folate deficiency should be a part of routine antenatal treatment, and neonates should be followed up and treated if found to be B12 or folate deficient.

Clinical significance

In India, where large numbers of women are anemic, deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate is overlooked when treatment of anemia is undertaken in most hospitals. In addition, women with undetected and subclinical deficiency may transmit it to their newborns with a cycle that is self-perpetuating unless broken with adequate intake or supplementation.

How to cite this article

Krishnaswamy PH, Prabhu S, Pandith NA, Shetty A. Serum Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels in Mothers and their Newborns: An Observational Study. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(4):190-193.
A Comparative Evaluation of Reliability of Beta and YEN Angle in Diagnosis of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion: A Lateral Cephalometric Study
Authors: Ravindranath VK , Gupta Priya K , Patni Vivek J
Published: July 2019

Introduction

An accurate evaluation of sagittal jaw relationship is important in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Numerous angular and linear measurements have been incorporated to assess anteroposterior jaw discrepancy between maxilla and mandible so as to reach the correct diagnosis. So the purpose of this study is to compare Beta angle and YEN angle used to measure anteroposterior dysplasia and to find which is the most reliable between them.

Materials and Methods

The sample comprised 26 pretreatment lateral cephalograms of Skeletal class II patients.

Results

Descriptive analysis was performed and highly significant values were found with both Beta angle and YEN angle.

Conclusion

Beta and YEN angles are significant ones to assess the sagittal jaw relationship between maxilla and mandible.

How to cite this article

Gupta PK, Karandikar GR, Ravindranath VK, Sonawane M, Patni VJ. A Comparative Evaluation of Reliability of Beta and YEN Angle in Diagnosis of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion: A Lateral Cephalometric Study. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(2):101-103.
Major Oral and Dental Health Problems among Geriatric Residents of Nursing Homes in a defined Population in Iran
Authors: Mojabi Katayoun Borhan , Khansari Mahnaz
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Increase in life expectancy implies the need for more attention to the health of the elderly population, and oral health is not an exception. This study determined the frequency of major oral and dental health problems among institutionalized elderly adults in Qazvin, Iran.

Materials and Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 112 residents of geriatric nursing homes participated. History of systemic diseases and oral symptoms was asked and recorded; then, participants undertook a clinical intra- and extraoral examination. Examination consisted of oral mucosa, periodontal and dental assessment, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) assessment.

Results

In total, 93 women and 19 men with an average age of 74.9 (±14.7) and 71.6 (±11.3) years respectively, were examined. A total of 73 patients were completely edentulous. Examination of the oral mucosa showed that 48 patients (42%) had changes in their oral mucosa. Pale mucosa and fissure tongue had the most frequency. However, denture stomatitis was the most prevalent disorder related to the denture. Xerostomia was the most frequent complaining symptom (67.8%) followed by dysphagia (53.7%) and dysgeusia (25.8%). A total of 26 patients (23.2%) had abnormal “clicking” sounds during TMJ assessment.

Decayed, missing, and filling teeth (DMF) index in 39 dentate patients revealed 89.7% had decayed teeth, 100% had missing, and 2.6% had filling teeth. Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) revealed more than half of the participants had deep or shallow pockets.

Conclusion

Oral and dental health of elderly people in this study was not acceptable. They should be persuaded that there are continual needs for oral health care. Oral examination should be performed as part of development programs for older adults.

How to cite this article

Mojabi KB, Azimi S, Khansari M. Major Oral and Dental Health Problems among Geriatric Residents of Nursing Homes in a defined Population in Iran. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(2):125-128.