bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
हरियाणा की रियासतों में प्रजामंडल आंदोलनः स्वरूप एवं विस्तार
Authors: Manju  , Sharma Vishal Kumar
Published: January 2025

हरियाणा के इलाके में अनेक रियासतें थी जैसे कि जींद, दुजाना, पटौदी, झज्जर, लोहारू, कैथल, रानियां-फतेहाबाद, बल्लभगढ़, लाडवा, कुंजपुरा, बुड़िया, कलसिया, जगाधरी, शहजादपुर, रामगढ़, नारायणगढ़, बादशाहपुर, फरुखनगर, कोटला,, घासेड़ा, फिरोजपुर झिरका आदि-आदि। सन 1803 में लॉर्ड लेक के नेतृत्व में अंग्रेज फौज ने दौलतराव सिन्धिया की अगुवाई में मराठा फौज को हराकर जब दिल्ली पर कब्जा किया तो वर्तमान हरियाणा के करीब पूरे इलाके पर ब्रिटिश शासन स्थापित हो गया था। अग्रेजों ने तत्कालीन हरियाणा की तमाम जागीरों को अपने हिसाब से न केवल काबू किया बल्कि अपने वफादारों को जागीरदार के तौर पर स्थापित भी किया। गांधी जी द्वारा चलाए गए असहयोग आंदोलन का व्यापक प्रभाव देशी रियासतों की जनता पर भी पड़ा। इन रियासतों के शासक तो भारतीय थे, लेकिन इन पर प्रत्यक्ष रूप से ब्रिटिश शासन था। अधिकांश रियासतों पर निरंकुश शासन था। उच्च करों के कारण लोगों पर आर्थिक बोझ बहुत अधिक था, शिक्षा और सामाजिक सेवाएँ पिछड़ी हुई थीं और नागरिक अधिकार प्रतिबंधित थे। ऐसी स्थिति में कुछ रियासतों में प्रजामंडल आंदोलन चले जिन्होंने अपने अधिकारों के लिए आवाज उठाई। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में हरियाणा की देशी रियासतों में हुए जन आंदोलनों के स्वरूप एवं विकास का वर्णन किया गया है।
ADOPTING AI-DRIVEN DATA CULTURE IN ORGANIZATION: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FROM EMPLOYEES’ PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Patil Harshal , Kulkarni Abhay
Published: January 2025

Data functions as an organization's growth engine fuel. In the age of digitalization, it is among the most precious resources. Organizations now use data-driven decision-making processes instead of product-centered ones. This is due to the fact that it projects more accurate, impartial, and objective predictions. IT companies have faced challenges over the years relating to big data, including security, accessibility, reuse, automation, and decision-making. So, a lot of businesses have concentrated on implementing AI-driven data culture. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possibilities for establishing an AI-driven data culture in Pune's IT/ITES companies. Additionally, it attempts to pinpoint the opportunities and difficulties associated with implementing an AI-driven data culture from the viewpoint of the workforce. Regression analysis was used to examine data from a survey of 200 participants from various organizational levels. The results show a substantial gender gap in perception, emphasizing the necessity for gender-specific adoption tactics for AI-driven data culture. Lack of advanced internal expertise, recurrent data use, inadequate infrastructure, restricted or nonexistent finance, and inadequate data management (quality, sources, validity, accessibility, approvals, execution, alignment with organisation goals, etc.) are a few of the main obstacles. Opportunities include standardization, automation, quality report generating, integration, and simplification. From the standpoint of process improvement, performance improvement, compliance, audits, trend analysis, and competitive analysis, the current study is noteworthy. It may result in long-term sustainable growth and the best possible use of available resources.
ISSUE OF TRANSGENDER RIGHTS FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF ARUNDHATI ROY’S THE MINISTRY OF UTMOST HAPPINESS
Authors: Chaturvedi Devesh Kumar , Sharma Sheeba Himani
Published: January 2025

A transgender person is referred to as a hijra in India. In India, hijra, the third gender, is connected to social-religious purity. People find it difficult to acknowledge the reality of hijra. In addition, the transgender protagonist is seen favorably as a key character in this fiction. It is possible to demonstrate that these texts provide further opportunities for emancipation towards the condition. It observes the transgender concern in relation to desire and connection. Transgender persons experience frequently, prevents them from exercising their fundamental right to an education and a normal life.
Prone Positioning: Examining a Key Supportive Strategy in ARDS
Authors: Vollman Kathleen
Published: January 2025

Has your unit’s use of prone positioning in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) changed because of the pandemic? Evidence supports prone positioning benefits gas exchange, reduces ventilator induced lung injury and mortality. This foundational session discusses the physiological benefits of proning, when to initiate and how to perform it safely for the patient and staff. Strategies for incorporating lessons learned from the pandemic to consistently integrate prone positioning as a front-line strategy for ARDS are discussed.  During the pandemic, proning was brought to light as a significant part of the treatment plan for patients with ARDS. However, prior to Coronavirus disease, only 16% of the world was using prone positioning for ARDS. Proning is indicted as front-line therapy for patients with severe ARDS defined as PaO2/FiO2 ratio of < 150mmhg with a FiO2 of at least 60% and positive end expiratory pressure of at least 5cm H2O. The health care team’s goal is focused on the right ARDS patient, at the right time and for the right amount of time. The first step is to outline indications and contraindications for the use of the position. A challenging component to using the therapy is the turning sequence and nursing the patient while in the prone position. Methods to reduce skin injury, ensure airway stabilization and prevent healthcare worker injury are critical to the adoption of the practice within an intensive care unit and are discussed.
References
Guérin, C., Reignier, J., Richard, J. C., Beuret, P., Gacouin, A., Boulain, T., Mercier, E., Badet, M., Mercat, A., Baudin, O., Clavel, M., Chatellier, D., Jaber, S., Rosselli, S., Mancebo, J., Sirodot, M., Hilbert, G., Bengler, C., Richecoeur, J., Gainnier, M., … PROSEVA Study Group (2013). Prone positioning in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. The New England Journal of Medicine, 368(23), 2159–2168. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1214103
Morata, L., Vollman, K., Rechter, J., & Cox, J. (2024). Manual Prone Positioning in Adults: Reducing the Risk of Harm Through Evidence-Based Practices. Critical Care Nurse, 44(1), e1–e9. https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn2023201
Vollman KM, Mitchell DA. (2024). Prone Positioning for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients. In Johnson KL (ed): AACN Procedural Manual for Progressive and Critical Care. (8th ed). St Louis, Elsevier, 143-156.
Preliminary Design for Orthodontic Bracket Holder
Authors: Ali Faten Abdulameer , Hamandi Sadiq Jafer , Mohammed-Salih Harraa S.
Published: January 2025

The process of placing the brackets in their proper positions in the field of orthodontics is consider one of the main steps in orthodontic treatment. In order to achieve high accuracy placements for the brackets, many methods are available today, starting from direct and indirect methods, each of them has advantages and disadvantages regarding the accuracy and the time for patient treatment. In this study, a new mechanism is introduce with its mechanical behavior in order to reduce the time required for patient treatment and to increase the accuracy for bracket placements. The newly mechanism was designed using Solidworks CAD software with a total Virtual functionality for all of the parts of the assembly, then a simulation was carried out to find the stress distribution, deformation, and strain on the main parts of the proposed assembly. The finished design shows a high precision mechanism that is able to place brackets one by one on the teeth.
Analysis of Assessment Instrument Needs to Measure Students Critical Thinking Skills and Self-Efficacy in Physics Learning
Authors: Lestari Tri , Rosidin Undang , Distrik I Wayan , Ertikanto Chandra , Herlina Kartini
Published: January 2025

This research is a preliminary study that aims to determine the needs of teachers and students in the learning process, especially in the material of particle motion dynamics. The research method chosen was a survey, which was conducted on 20 physics teachers and 30 high school students in the MIPA field in Lampung Province using Google Form. The collected data were then curated and analyzed to identify and address educational needs. The results of the data analysis showed a demand for assessment instruments that can measure critical thinking skills and self-efficacy in physics learning. According to the survey, 45% of teachers never assess critical thinking skills and 60% of teachers never assess self-efficacy. Teachers do not apply because of the lack of examples or instruments owned to assess critical thinking skills and self-efficacy. Teachers also do not have assessment instruments that are easy, practical, and appropriate during the learning process. Physics learning assessment at school has not optimized critical thinking skills well, so critical thinking skills are still low, and self-efficacy is still an obstacle. Therefore, the development of assessment instruments to measure critical thinking skills and student self-efficacy in physics learning is very important.
Crown Fossils
Authors: Bigras-Burrogano Frédéric , Kinder Jordan B.
Published: January 2025

This article explores how artists, by adopting the posture of an artist-museologist, can propose new understandings between museums, their collections, broader perceptions of knowledge, and the power of choosing what constitutes the museum through a critical-historical account of the Royal Tyrrell Museum’s historical and ongoing relationship to resource extraction and Indigenous land dispossession. We define the term artist-as-museologist as an artist who is concerned with borrowing, addressing, infiltrating, or operating through museum collections, their scenography, or dissemination activities. Applying institutional critique to the museum, we show how artistic practice can help to excavate buried power relations that condition the extractive museum, like the Royal Tyrrell, named after geologist, Joseph Burr Tyrrell, who discovered the Albertasaurus during an expedition of the Geological Survey of Canada. The artist, we argue, has the potential to do such excavation by surfacing stories and relations that have slipped between cracks or have been written out altogether. We look specifically at Bigras-Burrogano’s  current projects that explore the tensions between the Canadian settler-colonial state’s use of natural imagery to constitute national identity and its extractivist economy.
By providing a critical history of the Royal Tyrrell Museum’s imbrication with extractive enterprise and the settler-colonial state while reflecting on two art pieces that directly respond to these conditions, this article ultimately proposes that the artist-as-museologist has an integral role to play in creating conditions for non-extractive museological and curatorial practices.
Decolonial Museology, Space Travel and the Mineral Cabinet
Authors: Osbourne Alana
Published: January 2025

Taking the Africa Museum’s mineral cabinet as a point of departure, I probe the entanglements of inorganic matter, coloniality, and mining for space travel. Through museum ethnography, and by thinking about minerality as a field that connects intra and extra-terrestrial interests, my research unpacks how colonial logics permeate relationships between earthbound and outer spaces. From this vantage point, I investigate how the calls for decolonial practices that resonate within museums studies relate to futurities that are embroiled in imperial logics of space conquest and mining.
‘Whose Gold Is This?’ The Gold of the Dutch Golden Coach
Authors: De Wildt Annemarie
Published: January 2025

This article focuses on the gold leaf of the Golden Coach, a gift from the Amsterdam population to Queen Wilhelmina in 1898, using the methodologies of object biography and object itinerary. It asks what makes the object: its final form and function, the separate parts and their materiality, or the context of users and related objects as part of a continuous process of meaning making? An exhibition at the Amsterdam Museum (2021-2022) exposed the Golden Coach's complex history along these three layers of interpretation, leading to its transformation from a national symbol to a colonial object and contributing to broader discussions of slavery and colonialism in the Netherlands. Here, the interaction between the immaterial origins of the carriage and its raw materials, such as the gold leaf, will be discussed. Advanced scientific research revealed a Surinamese origin of the gold. Why is it relevant that we know that now? And what does it mean for the future of the Golden Coach?
Objects of Politics: The Appropriation of Earth Science Collections in Prussia during the Long Nineteenth Century
Authors: Strauß Angela
Published: January 2025

Research into the history of collections can shed light not only on the epistemic, but also the political and economic dimensions of the objects that museums collect. This article explores these dimensions through the study of acquisitions in the mineralogical collections of the Natural History Museum Berlin. During the nineteenth century, appropriation processes were increasingly shaped by economic arguments and political perspectives. After the German Empire became a colonial power in the 1880s, rocks and minerals from Africa, particularly Namibia and Tanzania, were seized. Ultimately, contemporary museums must take responsibility for their past collecting practices because their collections are built upon those practices.
Reinterpreting the Mineral Collections in Rome's Museum of Civilizations
Authors: Pireddu Silvia
Published: January 2025

Natural history museums often emphasize technical expertise, which can lead to the isolation of their collections from broader political, cultural, and social contexts. This trend is similarly observed in the presentation of mineral collections, where cultural, historical, and ethical dimensions are frequently overlooked. However, museums with mineral displays have the potential to adopt engagement strategies that foreground the anthropological aspects of these collections. A noteworthy example of this integrative approach is found at the Museum of Civilizations in Rome. This museum hosts ISPRA’s (Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale – Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research) geological and historical collections, former collections from the Museum of Italian Africa, and contemporary artworks. The institution merges these aesthetic, scientific, and anthropological collections to advance a decolonized narrative. It also incorporates art installations that enhance the understanding of cultural and political issues facing anthropology and science museums today. This article uses the museum’s innovative approach as a case study to explore the intersection of scientific and historical discourses.
Examining the Colonial Legacies of the Hunterian’s Mineralogical and Petrological Collection: New Perspectives on Geoscience Collections
Authors: Anderson Erika
Published: January 2025

The origin of the Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery’s mineralogical and petrological collection can be traced back to Sir William Hunter’s bequest of his collections to the University of Glasgow upon his death in 1783. Examination of the collection’s colonial legacies is only in its nascent stages, reflecting that the scrutiny of colonial legacies is still in its infancy in geoscience museums. Here I review the history of the collection, its composition and usage, and I put those factors into the broader perspective of museums’ colonial legacies.
Among the issues I consider are the extent to which the collection contains international specimens and the extent to which these objects are accessed by their source nations. Also explored are the biases which exist in the limited provenance ascribed to objects in the collection and how certain individuals or types of information may be excluded from documentation. The purpose of these investigations is to consider whether the collection continues to contribute to colonial legacies of the museum sector.
After an examination of these aspects of the collection, new ways of working for geoscience collections are proposed, including standards for gathering data; expanding the collection’s reach to more users; and repatriating objects. These initial measures can change the power imbalances apparent in the Hunterian collection and the geosciences more broadly.
DIÁLOGOS (IN)DISCIPLINADOS: interfaces entre Literatura, Direito, Religião e Psicologia - Volume II
Authors: Sobral Adail Ubirajara , Murça Amanda Cristina Camilo , Nóbrega Ana Karina Vasconcelos da , Jacomini Anderson Silva , Cerqueira Andréa Pereira , Silva Ângela Alcântara da , Munoz Antonia Javiera Cabrera , Dalpiaz Cássio Selaimen , Rocha Cleia da , Souza Cynthia de Almeida de , Olivas Daniel Adrián Contreras , Braga Deislania Lima , Silva Dirce Maria da , Trevisol Elias Guilherme , Dantas Eulírio de Farias , Melo Larissa Argenta Ferreira de , Torres Letícia Teixeira , Ribeiro Luiz Izaac dos Santos , Maesso Marcia Cristina , Caetano Marilena Ferreira Amorim , Vasconcelos Marina Arantes Santos , Almeida Marina da Silveira Rodrigues , França Nariella Alves Pereira de , Tierra Pedro , Lima Rebeca Maria da Silva , Leite Reginaldo da Rocha , Medina Roberto , Cornejo Santiago Viveros , Oliveira Stella Vitória Pinheiro de , Trevisol Tatiane Jaskiu da Silva , Moura Thâmara Carvalho Santos , Pádua Thiago Aguiar de , Amorim Victor Hugo de Oliveira Casemiro Pereira de , Dourado Washington , Biserra Wiliam Alves , Guerra Filho Willis Santiago
Published: January 2025

Ao longo dos dois volumes, esta obra explora como a Literatura se entrelaça com o Direito, a Religião e a Psicologia, suscitando discussões por meio de perspectivas plurais e, muitas vezes, inesperadas. Os textos, frutos de pesquisas teóricas e empíricas, percorrem uma vasta gama de abordagens, desde interpretações literárias até análises de práticas sociais e culturais. Cada página é um convite à exploração de ideias que transcendem barreiras, promovendo reflexões que ressoam tanto no campo acadêmico quanto na prática cotidiana.
A multiplicidade de olhares aqui reunida forma um verdadeiro mosaico de perspectivas. Cada autor, com sua visão singular, contribui para um caleidoscópio de relações entre a Literatura e os demais campos do saber, oferecendo ao leitor um repertório rico, inovador e, por vezes, provocativo. É nesse caráter interdisciplinar que reside a força desta coletânea, desafiando certezas, ampliando horizontes e convidando a reimaginar o mundo em sua complexidade e pluralidade.
LOS REFERENTES CLÁSICOS EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN POÉTICA DE JAIME GIL DE BIEDMA
Authors: Pérez-García Carmen
Published: January 2025

En este artículo se analiza la presencia de diversos referentes de la Tradición Clásica en la poesía de Jaime Gil de Biedma. Para ello, se estudia su concepción poética a través de la invención de un «personaje» identificado con la figura del héroe y se establece la diferencia entre «poesía de la experiencia» y «poesía confesional». Asimismo, se examina la influencia de sus compañeros de generación en su formación literaria y se profundiza en la importancia de la intertextualidad en su poesía, especialmente de la Tradición Clásica. De este modo, la parte central del trabajo se basa en el estudio profundo de la presencia de estos referentes en cinco de sus poemas más conocidos: «Pandémica y celeste», «Epigrama votivo», «Himno a la juventud», «De senectute» y «De vita beata».
REVISIÓN EXPLORATORIA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EMPÍRICA SOBRE EL DISFRUTE EN EL APRENDIZAJE DE LENGUAS EXTRANJERAS (2014-2021): PANORAMA, MEDICIÓN Y RED NOMOLÓGICA
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ-GONZÁLEZ CARLOS
Published: January 2025

El propósito de esta revisión exploratoria es ofrecer una visión de conjunto de la investigación empírica sobre el disfrute en el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras, constructo emergente en el campo de la lingüística aplicada. Después de una primera búsqueda en 15 bases de datos y una segunda aplicando la técnica de bola de nieve, se incluyeron en la revisión 130 estudios empíricos publicados entre 2014 y 2021. Entre otros resultados, el análisis de 20 variables bibliométricas y metodológicas reveló un incremento constante en el número de estudios sobre el disfrute a lo largo de los últimos siete años (M = 2020), particularmente en contextos asiáticos (n = 89, 68 %), y una clara predominancia de los enfoques cuantitativo (n = 67) y mixto (n = 51) sobre el paradigma cualitativo de investigación (n = 12). Para medir los niveles de disfrute, operacionalizado como constructo unidimensional, bidimensional o tridimensional, la mayoría de los estudios han usado una de las cinco escalas más conocidas (n = 77), mientras que el resto han empleado versiones adaptadas o instrumentos (muy) diferentes. Complementariamente, se identificaron un total de 133 variables analizadas en relación con el disfrute, se clasificaron en dos grupos (85 variables internas, 48 variables externas) y seis subgrupos (22 variables lingüísticas y demográficas, 37 motivacionales, 9 emocionales y 17 de personalidad, 25 variables relacionadas con el profesor y 23 relacionadas con el contexto) y se ordenaron por su frecuencia de inclusión en los estudios. Habiendo encontrado varios aspectos problemáticos o aún poco explorados, el estudio concluye con algunas sugerencias para investigaciones futuras sobre el disfrute.
Research on the Effects of Whole English Book Reading in ELT for Developing Learners’ Reading and Autonomous Learning Ability
Authors: Deng Min , Bin Mohd Said Nur Ehsan
Published: January 2025

In Chinese higher education, English courses aim to enhance language skills while cultivating learners' personality, cultural awareness, and autonomous learning abilities. However, current English reading instruction often results in passive learning. Whole English Book Reading (WEBR), guided by Project-based Learning (PBL), addresses this by promoting comprehensive reading, teacher support, and exploration of main ideas and author intentions. This study uses experimental methods, including tests and questionnaires, with 123 participants to examine the impact of WEBR. The research aims to: 1) Determine if WEBR improves students' English reading ability and, if so, to what extent; 2) Assess whether WEBR enhances students' autonomous learning ability and the nature of this effect. Findings show significant improvements in reading skills and autonomous learning, highlighting WEBR's effectiveness in advancing both areas. The significance of this research lies in its potential to refine instructional reading practices by demonstrating the benefits of integrating WEBR based on PBL. Limitations such as the study’s brief duration and small sample size suggest directions for future research.
O direito linguístico e o direito ao desenvolvimento
Authors: Rocha Januária Pereira da Silva
Published: January 2025

Em um país plurilíngue como o Brasil, reconhecer, garantir e proteger o ensino e o uso dos idiomas falados significa promover a justiça e o bem-estar social. Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o ensino das línguas, a partir de reflexões teóricas sobre os desafios e as perspectivas que possam surgir, considerando o princípio do desenvolvimento, para a proteção de direitos linguísticos de minorias sociais no Brasil na esfera educacional, uma vez que, entendemos que estes podem representar uma mudança de paradigma na forma de se fazer Educação Linguística. A metodologia aplicada foi qualitativa de cunho exploratório, por meio da análise de documentos e de teorias bibliográficas. Concluímos que uma Educação Linguística crítica, fortalecida no amparo do Direito Linguístico e do princípio da fraternidade, pode ser considerada como uma política de emancipação em prol de uma justiça social.
A formação do professor leitor
Authors: Ribeiro Nádia Patrícia
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo Investiga o papel da literatura e da mediação cultural na formação continuada de professores dos anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, com foco na importância da leitura literária no desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional dos docentes. A pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender como a literatura pode ser eficaz Integrada ao cotidiano escolar e como as práticas de mediação literária importantes para o fortalecimento da cultura literária entre os educadores. O estudo propõe uma abordagem que articula aspectos históricos, culturais e pedagógicos, além de discutir os desafios contemporâneos na formação do professor como leitor e mediador cultural.
Políticas públicas e educação digital
Authors: Corrêa Isolina Bôto
Published: January 2025

Este artigo explora a Integração do letramento digital na educação, destacando a importância das políticas públicas e a implementação do Projeto Escola TECH em escolas públicas de Aracaju. Inicialmente, abordou-se a evolução do conceito de letramento, que agora Inclui a capacidade crítica de Interpretar e Interagir com Informações digitais. As teorias de Buckingham (2006) e Freire (1989) enfatizam a importância da leitura crítica e contextual. Já Kenski (2012) e Moran (2006) destacam que as tecnologias digitais na educação aumentam o engajamento e preparam alunos para a sociedade digital. Este artigo apresenta a Lei 14.533 de 2023, que estabelece a Política Nacional de Educação Digital (PNED), promovendo uma atitude crítica, ética e responsável as mídias digitais. Nesse panorama, o Projeto Escola TECH é apresentado como uma Iniciativa prática para reduzir a exclusão digital, fornecendo Infraestrutura tecnológica e formação contínua, modernizando a educação pública.
Article Review: An Exploration of the Potential of Biochar-Based Bifunctional Catalysts as A Renewable Energy-Based Fuel Innovation
Authors: Ramadhani Tiara , Pulungan Ahmad Nasir , Salaisa Salaisa , Zulmi Annisya Dwi Putri , Saragih Muhammad Fatra Arganda , Sinaga Sella Naomi Br , Simanjuntak Tesalonika Bela
Published: January 2025

Palm oil shells, as biomass waste, have great potential to be used as raw material for biochar-based bifunctional catalysts. The aim of this research is to assess the potential of palm shell-based biochar as a bifunctional catalyst carrier in the conversion of biomass into renewable fuel. The method used is a literature review of various related articles, with a focus on the characteristics of biochar, the incorporation of bimetallic metals, and catalyst performance. The results of the discussion show that biochar from palm oil shells has textural properties that support the distribution of the catalyst metal, with a high surface area and optimal pore volume at a certain pyrolysis temperature. Incorporation of bimetallic metals on the biochar surface increases catalytic activity through synergy between metals, which has the potential to increase efficiency in catalytic reactions such as hydrogenation and deoxidation. In conclusion, palm shell-based biochar can be an effective and environmentally friendly alternative catalyst in converting biomass into renewable fuel, by selecting the right metal composition to optimize catalyst performance and prevent clumping of active components.
Constitutional Relations Between The President, The House Of Representatives, And The Regional Representative Boards In Lawmaking After The Amendment Of The 1945 Constitution
Authors: Fatoni A. , Rahman Arif
Published: January 2025

Amendments to the 1945 Constitution shifted legislation authority from the President to the House of Representatives. However, the strengthening of the House of Representatives into a 'super parliament' does not necessarily give it absolute power in lawmaking. Every draft bill, whether originating from the House of Representatives or the President, must be discussed and approved together to be enacted. From the outset, the 1945 Constitution did not apply the pure doctrine of Montesquieu's trias politica. The separation of powers is understood in the sense of 'distribution of power', making the House of Representatives and the President both have legislation authority. The bicameral parliament system allows the Regional Representative Boards to be able to submit draft bills relating to autonomous authority and participate in joint discussions. The participation of the executive in the discussion of the draft bill with the legislative is because the executive holds the function of implementing the law. Thus, the draft bill must be discussed together to obtain the approval of both institutions. Once approved, each draft bill will then be approved by the President.
Effect Of Adding Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa oliefera) And Kencur (Kaempferia galanga) in Feed On Improving The Growth Performance Of Catfish (Clarias Sp.)
Authors: Riana Rahmawati  , Fittrie Meyllianawaty Pratiwy  , Asep Agus Handaka Suryana  , Roffi Grandiosa Herman
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence and determine the optimal dose of moringa leaf extract and kencur in feed on the growth performance of catfish seeds. This research was carried out at the Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Padjadjaran University from February to March 2024. Sampling in this study used an experimental method using a Complete Random Design (RAL), the growth data obtained was analyzed using the analysis of the F test variety fingerprint (ANOVA / Analysis of Varience) and for the water quality data was analyzed descriptively. The results of this study, namely the addition of 150 mg/kg of moringa leaf extract and 250 mg/kg of kencur extract to feed had an effect on improving the growth performance of catfish seeds which was more optimal than other treatments, as shown by an increase in the percentage of absolute length growth (4.2 cm), absolute weight (57.58 g), SGR (3.80%), FCR (1.44%), EPP (68.90%), and SR (100%). The water quality values during fish rearing are in the optimal range including temperature (27.5-28.3°C), pH (7.0-7.5), and DO (5.2-7.5 mg/L).
Body Mass Index With Dysmenorrhoea In Adolescents Girl
Authors: Vidia Effendy Henny , Mustika Sari Surya
Published: January 2025

Dysmenorrhoea is one of the most common menstrual disorders in adolescent girl and has quite serious effects because it can cause disruption of daily activities. One factor that causes dysmenorrhoea is due to an abnormal Body Mass Index. This study aims to determine the relationship of Body Mass Index with dysmenorrhoea in adolescent girl. This research was at SMPN 1 Mojoanyar Mojokerto. The population in this study were all adolescent girls of class X majoring in OTKP at SMPN 1 Mojoanyar Mojokerto who met the study criteria amounted to 51 people. The sample in this study were some of the adolescent girls of class X majoring in OTKP at SMPN 1 Mojoanyar   Mojokerto who met the research criteria amounted to 45 people. The sampling technique used is probability sampling with sampling techniques using simple random sampling. This type of research is a non-experimental correlational research with cross sectional method. The instruments used in data collection were weight scales, height measurements, observation sheets, and NRS pain measurement scales. The data analysis technique used is the Spearman correlation test using the SPSS program. The results of this study indicate that the respondents who experience severe dysmenorrhoea most are those who have a heavy fat BMI that is as many as 7 respondents (87.5%) with statistical test results showing sig. 0.002 < α (0.05) which means that there is a significant relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and dysmenorrhoea in adolescent girl in SMPN 1 Mojoanyar Mojokerto. Looking at the results of this study, it is necessary to control the Body Mass Index (BMI) in order to minimize the frequency of dysmenorrhoea experienced by adolescent girl.
PENGARUH PENGALAMAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP PEMBELIAN ULANG YANG DI MEDIASI OLEH KEPUASAN PELANGGAN DI UD SINAR HARAPAN KEDIRI
Authors: Nur Hidayati  , Nurali Agus Najibul Z  , Prasetya Hendri Eka
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antaravariabel Pengalaman Pemasaran (X) terhadap Pembelian Ulang(Y) yang dimediasi oleh Kepuasan Pelanggan (Z) di UD SinarHarapan Kediri. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan metodesampling jenuh, jumlah sampel dalam penelitian diperoleh 34responden pada UD Sinar Harapan Kediri. Berdasarkan hasilpenelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel PengalamanPemasaran terhadap pembelian ulang memiliki nilai t-statistik1.595 <1.96, dan nilai p-values 0.111 <0.05. Variabel PengalamanPemasaran terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan memiliki nilai t-statistik3.043 >1.96, dan nilai p-values 0.002 <0.05. Variabel KepuasanPelanggan terhadap Pembelian Ulang memiliki nilai t-statistik5.106 >1.96, dan nilai p-values 0.000 <0.05. Variabel PengalamanPemasaran terhadap Pembelian Ulang yang dimediasi olehKepuasan Pelanggan jika dilihat dari hasil pengujianbootstrapping memiliki nilai Indirect Effect 0.021 <0.05. Hal inimenunjukkan bahwa variabel Kepuasan Pelanggan (Z) mampumemediasi variabel Pengalaman Pemasaran (X) terhadapPembelian Ulang (Y)
Dampak Akses dan Infrastruktur, Penggunaan, dan Keahlian Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi terhadap Konsumsi Telekomunikasi Rumah Tangga
Authors: Priambodo Aji
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of access and infrastructure, use, and expertise of information and communication technology on the average household telecommunication consumption. By using the panel data regression analysis method and the selected model is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM), in this study it was found that access and information and communication technology infrastructure had a positive but not significant effect, the use of information and communication information technology had a positive and significant influence, and Information and communication technology expertise has a positive and significant impact on household telecommunication consumption in 34 provinces in Indonesia in the 2017-2021 period.
Manajemen Program Mahir Bahasa Arab di Lembaga Kursus Naatiq
Authors: Anisah Suria , Alkamala Safira Naili , Wicaksono Meidias Abror
Published: January 2025

Salah satu solusi bagi masyarakat yang ingin mempelajari bahasa Arab adalah dengan mengambil pelajaran di lembaga kursus. Setiap lembaga khusus kursus tentunya memiliki manajemen pembelajaran yang berbeda-beda. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui secara deskriptif manajemen program Mahir Bahasa Arab yang dilaksanakan di lembaga kursus Naatiq International Arabiyah. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dan mengumpulkan data dengan wawancara, observasi lapangan dan dokumentasi. Langkah-langkah yang digunakan untuk analisis data meliputi reduksi data, display data, dan verifikasi data atau penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini berupa empat fungsi manajemen, yaitu (1) perencanaan; merancang beberapa program yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta kursus dan menentukan materi serta bahan ajar yang digunakan pada setiap program. (2) pengorganisasian; menentukan pembagian kelas dan pembagian tutor yang mengajar. (3) pelaksanaan; kelas mubtadi' dan mutawassith melaksanakan kegiatan istima', hiwar (percakapan), hafalan mufrodat, kegiatan best speaker. Kelas mutaqoddim melaksanakan kegiatan istima', penulisan makalah, latihan debat. (4) monitoring atau evaluasi; dilakukan kepada peserta kursus secara nonformal yaitu dengan penilaian akumulatif oleh tutor.
Flipped Classroom: Its Planning and Implementation During the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic In Islamic University
Authors: Rohmawati Silfiyah
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic affected not only profoundly negative impact, but also inspired an innovative learning model, especially Arabic learning at the Faculty of Dakwah, UIN Khas Jember. Lecturer and students used technology as a flipped classroom learning medium during the pandemic and post-pandemic. This study is carried out to describe 1) The planning for flipped classroom in Arabic learning during the pandemic and post-pandemic, 2) The implementation of flipped classroom in Arabic learning during the pandemic and post-pandemic. This study is qualitative research with a case study design approach. While, the presentation is focus on the explicit data collection activities of interview, observation, and documentation, as well as triangulation of sources and techniques for data validity. The data is analyzed with the interactive analysis of Miles and Huberman. The results conclude that 1) The lecturer has planned the objectives, materials, media, activities, and assessments before implementing the flipped classroom in Arabic learning, 2) The flipped classroom model that applied in Arabic learning at the Faculty of Dakwah is a traditional and mastery models. And during the pandemic, synchronous and asynchronous classes had been implemented by online, while in the post-pandemic period, asynchronous classes and face-to-face classes had been implemented on campus.
Cultural Management in Spain: Deontology of an Emerging Hybrid Profession
Authors: Becerril-Viera Isabel , Cejudo Rafael
Published: January 2025

Current cultural managing began in Spain at in the early eighties of the last century. However, it is an emerging profession whose consolidation process has not yet been completed. A distinct feature of the profession is its hybrid character, as there are cultural managers who work as freelancers and others as administration staff, functioning like the supply and demand side of cultural goods and services publicly funded. By means of discussion groups, we analyse the degree of consensus on values and professional norms in both groups. In doing so, we aim to clarify which professional ethics is actually followed in pro-fessional practice, and also to establish the degree of consolidation of the profession. We conclude that there are some specific social norms of the group, although job insecurity and differences in both condi-tions and work methods make it difficult to achieve the integrity of the profession, understood as the adherence of all cultural managers to the same distinctive ethical standards.
Impact of quenching medium on tensile properties and hardness of 15CDV6 TIG welded joints
Authors: Shazad Atif , Uzair Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Исследовано влияние охлаждающей среды при закалке на механические свойства сварных соединений из низкоуглеродистой низколегированной высокопрочной бейнитной стали 15CDV6, полученных дуговой сваркой неплавящимся электродом в среде защитного газа. В качестве закалочной среды использовали воздух, воду, песок и масло. Установлено, что предел прочности на растяжение сварных соединений, закаленных в масле, самый высокий из четырех сред. Однако предел текучести сварных соединений имеет наибольшее значение после закалки в воде. Наибольшее значение относительного удлинения соединения достигается после закалки в масле; после закалки на воздухе и в песке его значения ниже и практически одинаковые вследствие относительно медленного охлаждения, а после закалки в воде — самые низкие. Показано, что закалка в масле является наиболее эффективной для обеспечения высокого комплекса механических свойств сварных соединений из стали 15CDV6.
Trends in the Prevalence of Childfree Women in the Philippines, 1993 - 2022
Authors: Chua Anthony , Neal Jennifer Watling , Neal Zachary P.
Published: January 2025

Research has documented trends in, and demographic associations with, the prevalence of childfree women in multiple countries. However, despite significant media coverage, little is known about childfree women in the Philippines. We use population-representative data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program to investigate changes in the prevalence of childfree women age 15-49 in the Philippines between 1993 and 2022 (Pooled N = 120,378). We also examine the demographic characteristics associated with being childfree among Filipino women. We find that prevalence rates of Filipino childfree women were stable until about 2013, after which they have risen dramatically, particularly among single women. Additionally, we find that Filipino women are more likely to be childfree if they are single, older, and live in an urban area. We discuss implications of these results for future research on childfree adults and for Philippine family policy.
An objective coding scheme for grammatical production deficits in aphasia reveals a categorical divide between agrammatism and paragrammatism
Authors: Fahey Danielle , Yeaton Jeremy
Published: January 2025

Syntactic impairments in aphasia can provide a powerful window into the neurobiology of language. Considerable research has focused on agrammatism in nonfluent aphasia, driving a strong association between frontal brain systems and syntax. However, the syndrome of paragrammatism, typically characterized by grammatical errors in fluent aphasia, has recieved far less attention. Recent work has suggested that paragrammatism is primarily associated with posterior temporal-parietal lesions, converging with functional neuroimaging evidence that these regions support hierarchical syntax. However, the holistic perceptual approaches to paragrammatism used in this work suffer from limited inter-rater reliability as well as conflating factors such as speech rate. To remedy these issues, this study reports a system to classify agrammatic and paragrammatic symptoms at the level of the utterance using an objective coding scheme, building on previous analyses by Matchin et al. (2020). Trained speech-pathology students rated transcriptions of 88 retellings of the story of Cinderella from persons with aphasia alongside transcriptions from 53 age-matched healthy controls. Each utterance was classified by the presence of errors corresponding to functional processing (i.e., hierarchical processing) or positional processing (i.e., linearization), along with non-grammatical errors. We found that patients defined holistically using the perceptual approach as agrammatic or paragrammatic doubly dissociated in rates of functional and positional processing, and that qualitative behavioral variables distinguish healthy speech from agrammatic and paragrammatic samples. We suggest that agrammatism and paragrammatism result from distinct breakdowns in syntactic structure building during speech, resulting from damage to distinct syntactic subsystems of the brain.
Construction and Validation of the Prosocial Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire (PAR-Q)
Authors: Rijn R. van , van Lange Paul , Krabbendam Lydia , Braams Barbara R
Published: January 2025

While negative risk-taking behavior in adolescents is a classic topic, extant research has long spent little attention to the positive aspects of adolescents’ development. One topic that started to gain more research focus is prosocial risk-taking behavior – defined as behavior where an individual takes a risk to help someone else. However, validated measures are still limitedly available. The goal of the study is to construct and validate a multifaceted measure to assess prosocial risk-taking in adolescents. A sample of 234 Dutch adolescents (149 girls) aged 14-17 filled in the unvalidated prosocial adolescent risk-taking questionnaire (PAR-Q) to perform an exploratory factor analysis to indicate initial factor structure. A separate data sample of 357 Dutch adolescents (208 girls) aged 14-17 filled in the PAR-Q to confirm this factor structure with a confirmatory factor analysis and additional questionnaires for convergent validity. In this sample, also test-retest reliability was assessed. The final two-factor structure, which represented Social and Material prosocial risk subscales, exhibited acceptable internal consistency and excellent test-retest reliability. The PAR-Q correlated positively with prosocial behaviors and empathy. The PAR-Q is a newly validated measure with good psychometric properties that can be used to gain more information on prosocial risk-taking, behavior in adolescents.
Divination: A Cognitive Approach (forthcoming in Cambridge Element Series: Psychology of Religion)
Authors: Hong Ze
Published: January 2025

This Element adopts a naturalistic, cognitive perspective to understand divination. Following an overview of divination and the historical background of its scholarly study, Chapter 2 examines various definitions and proposes a working definition that balances common usage with theoretical coherence. Chapter 3 surveys existing theories of divination, including symbolic and functional perspectives, while critiquing their limitations. Chapter 4 argues for the primacy of cognition in divinatory practices, emphasizing the role of universal cognitive mechanisms and culturally specific worldviews in shaping their plausibility and persistence. Expanding on these ideas, Chapter 5 investigates the interplay between individual cognition and societal processes, highlighting socio-cultural factors such as the preferential reporting of successful outcomes that bolster divination’s perceived efficacy. Finally, Chapter 6 concludes by summarizing the Element’s key arguments and identifying open questions for future research on the cognitive dimension of divination.
Aligning psycholinguistics, neuroscience, and aphasiology with respect to grammatical encoding
Authors: Fahey Danielle , Yeaton Jeremy , Krauska Alexandra Bunting
Published: January 2025

The influential model of sentence production developed by Bock and Levelt (1994) posits two stages of grammatical encoding: functional processing and positional processing. This model is sometimes referred to as the "consensus model" of grammatical encoding, given its wide support within psycholinguistic research. However, most research in the cognitive neuroscience of syntax does not align well with this two-stage consensus model. We will review recent research on the neurobiology of syntax, focusing on lesion-symptom mapping in people with aphasia, and in particular on the agrammatism-paragrammatism distinction. We will illustrate how a two-stage model of grammatical encoding aligns well with this distinction but does not precisely match the processing levels of functional and positional processing proposed by Bock and Levelt. We will illustrate how this consensus model can be revised in order to better accommodate the data. Finally, we will evaluate extant models of syntax and the brain, illustrating their respective adequacy and inadequacy with respect to accounting for these phenomena as well as their poor alignment with the consensus psycholinguistic model. We argue that models which involve two stages of grammatical encoding are more fruitful for pursuing relationships between psycholinguistics, aphasiology, and neuroscience.
Leaving Science: Attrition of Biologists in 38 OECD Countries
Authors: Kwiek Marek , Szymula Łukasz
Published: January 2025

This study examines biologists leaving science in 38 OECD countries in the past two decades. We use publication metadata from a global bibliometric database (raw Scopus data at the micro-level of individual scientists). In a cohort-based and longitudinal fashion, we follow individual men and women scientists over time, from their first to their last publication (N=86,178). We examine four academic disciplines: AGRI (agricultural and biological sciences), BIO (biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology), IMMU (immunology and microbiology), and NEURO (neuroscience). We apply survival analysis, conceptualizing scientific life as a sequence of scholarly publishing events. Our Kaplan–Meier survival analysis shows how women disappear from science: in BIO, about 60% are still in science after 5 years, 40% after 10 years, and only 20% by the end of the period examined (i.e., after 19 years). The percentages are substantially higher for men: approximately 70%, 50%, and 30%, respectively. Kaplan–Meier estimations indicate that women in the largest discipline (BIO) are 23.26% more likely to leave science after 10 years and 39.74% more likely to leave science at the end of the study period. Gender difference in attrition, slightly visible after 5 years, increase consistently in later career stages. The probability of surviving for women after 15 years varies considerably, from 47.8% in AGRI to 27.6% in IMMU; for men, the probability is about a fifth higher. Our data show that with the passage of time, women disappear from science in ever-larger proportions compared to men. Gender differences in attrition in the four disciplines have been and continue to be high, but comparing the 2000 and 2010 cohorts, have slightly decreased over time.