bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La lucidité terminale : facteur de facilitation du deuil ou de complication traumatique ?
Authors: Mutis Maryne , Evrard Renaud , Bacqué Marie-Frédérique
Published: February 2021

Dans l’accompagnement des personnes à la fin de leur vie, les familles sont confrontées à un certain nombre de renoncements, comme celui d’un destin ou de projets communs. Il n’est pas encore question ici d’un travail de deuil, puisque la personne reste vivante, mais ces différentes pertes obligent alors la famille à accepter cette séparation sans pour autant cesser d’investir la relation. Cet apprivoisement progressif de la mort à travers un travail de pré-deuil, entraîne beaucoup de familles à préparer le travail de deuil lui-même, qui se fera après la perte. Mais qu’advient-il lorsqu’un rebondissement inattendu vient bouleverser, à l’orée de la mort, ce continuum de l’accompagnement, de même que le travail déjà mis en place par la famille ? La question sera ici abordée à travers le phénomène de lucidité terminale, qui consiste en un brusque retour des fonctions altérées par une pathologie grave, quelques heures à quelques jours avant le décès de la personne. Deux hypothèses seront en particulier soulevées à propos de ce phénomène, qui semble pouvoir être à la fois source de complications ou source d’aide pour le processus de deuil.
Le transhumanisme ou la double négation de la mort
Authors: Jandrok Thierry
Published: February 2021

Le transhumanisme porte l’espoir d’une transcendance par la technologie. Depuis le siècle dernier, la promesse du transfert de la subjectivité dans un système cybernétique emporte l’adhésion des technophiles. Si l’on envisage une intelligence artificielle (IA) forte supplantant le règne humain, alors le sens de la mort souffrira d’une double négation. On remplacera la mort naturelle par la promesse d’une amortalité dans les systèmes. La question est d’échapper à la vie pour vivre sans exister. Une réflexion complexe s’impose afin de trancher dans la chair du fantasme.
Origine et délégation du pouvoir dans quelques tragédies de la première modernité (1540-1640)
Authors: Zanin Enrica
Published: February 2021

Cet article approfondit l’analyse de la figure topique du « tyran » dans la tragédie de la première modernité, en interrogeant l’origine de son pouvoir, à partir de la notion juridique de  dominium . Cette notion vient définir, dès la fin du Moyen Âge, la légitimité du pouvoir royal, la relation du roi à Dieu, et l’usage qu’il fait des biens qu’il administre. Des pièces de Shakespeare, de Giraldi Cinzio, de Juan de la Cueva, de Jacques de la Taille, d’Alexandre Hardy, mais aussi d’auteurs moins connus comme Ville-Toustain ou Claude Roillet, montrent que le tyran est le roi qui fait un mauvais usage du  dominium et esquissent des stratégies pour restaurer la relation entre le roi (et plus largement l’homme), la création et son Créateur.
Courage: Definition and distinctions
Authors: Deslauriers Marguerite
Published: February 2021

Afin d’examiner la définition du courage chez Aristote, cet article pose un certain nombre de questions de procédure. (i) Comment Aristote s’y prend-il pour construire la définition du courage dans sa philosophie morale et politique? Suit-il réellement la procédure de rassemblement et de division qu’il a héritée de Platon, mais qu’il a aussi révisée et continué à prôner dans ses développements théoriques sur la définition? (ii) La définition du courage que pose Aristote a-t-elle la structure qu’il recommande, sur laquelle il insiste même, dans ses écrits théoriques? Je soutiens que tel est bien le cas, en demandant dès lors (iii) pourquoi Aristote inclut, dans chacune de ses discussions sur le courage, une section qui porte sur la manière de distinguer les états moraux qui peuvent ressembler au courage – qui pourraient même être appelés courage par certaines personnes (malavisées) – du courage à proprement parler. Une question finale est ainsi suggérée: (iv) la manière dont Aristote procède démontre-t-elle qu’il s’assigne pour tâche, en définissant le courage, d’expliquer comment ses contemporains utilisaient le concept et le terme dans les faits? En d’autres termes, Aristote décrit-il simplement l’usage contemporain du terme (offrant ainsi, pourrait-on dire, une définition nominale), ou est-il en train de produire la justification d’un idéal normatif?
Optimality conditions of fenchel-lagrange duality and farkas-type results for composite dc infinite programs
Authors: Li Gang , Xu Yinghong , Qin Zhenhua
Published: February 2021

This paper is concerned with a DC composite programs with infinite DC inequalities constraints. Without any topological assumptions and generalized increasing property, we first construct some new regularity conditions by virtue of the epigraph technique. Then we give some complete characterizations of the (stable) Fenchel-Lagrange duality and the (stable) Farkas-type assertions. As applications, corresponding assertions for the DC programs with infinite inequality constraints and the conic programs with DC composite function are also given.
Valor patrimonial de los paisajes del vino y su promoción en los valles y llanuras del este de Zamora
Authors: Plaza Gutiérrez Juan Ignacio , Fernández Álvarez Rubén
Published: February 2021

Esta contribución quiere aportar algunas notas sobre un uso agrícola tradicional, aunque renovado y adaptado a nuevos contextos más recientes de innovación y desarrollo rural, y sobre los paisajes que ha generado: los paisajes del vino. Para ello, se toman como casos de estudio los paisajes del viñedo asociados a tres Denominaciones de Origen Protegidas (DOP) extendidas por la franja oriental de la provincia de Zamora: Toro, Tierra del Vino y Valles de Benavente. El objetivo que se persigue es la caracterización del valor patrimonial de estos paisajes a través de la identificación y valoración de sus diferentes recursos y del análisis de sus respectivas estrategias de promoción. La metodología trata de identificar los recursos existentes y se fundamenta en el tratamiento de la información proporcionada por la consulta de las páginas web de las tres denominaciones y por el análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de las iniciativas y propuestas de promoción. Los resultados apuntan a unas marcadas diferencias entre las tres, con un balance desigual y unas grandes diferencias tanto en los mecanismos de difusión como en el interés y la implicación social e institucional. Las conclusiones indican que el proceso de valorización de estos paisajes y recursos es, asimismo, muy desigual.
Vínculos socio-espaciales y gobernanza local: apego al lugar y participación en la iniciativa Bosque Modelo Palencia
Authors: Cruz Fátima , García-Bengochea Andrea
Published: February 2021

Este estudio tiene como objetivos analizar cómo los vínculos afectivos entre las personas y los lugares pueden influir en la sostenibilidad rural y de qué manera la participación en iniciativas colectivas de gobernanza local con enfoque paisaje pueden fortalecer el apego al lugar en el medio rural. En 2015 un grupo de agentes sociales del centro-norte de la provincia de Palencia empezó a reunirse para identificar las problemáticas locales y elaborar propuestas colectivas para la sostenibilidad rural. Como resultado de ese proceso, en 2017 crearon la Asociación Bosque Modelo Palencia, que constituye el presente caso de estudio. La investigación se llevó a cabo con metodología cualitativa y la realización de 16 entrevistas en profundidad a miembros de la junta directiva de la asociación y personas directamente implicadas en los procesos de dinamización del territorio estudiado. Del análisis de las entrevistas, realizado con procedimientos de codificación y categorización propios del tratamiento de datos cualitativos, destacamos en este artículo dos categorías temáticas: las referencias de identidad de lugar y la participación y vínculo con el lugar. Los resultados muestran que, además de razones socio-económicas, la despoblación del medio rural y los procesos de arraigo tienen relación con procesos subjetivos y que los significados atribuidos a la ruralidad influyen en el apego al lugar. Por otro lado, se observa que las personas más implicadas en iniciativas de gobernanza local presentan fuertes vínculos con el lugar, que se retroalimentan en las dinámicas colectivas. Dichos vínculos tienen relación con valoraciones positivas de la ruralidad y refuerzan la decisión de permanecer en el territorio.
Co-vidding Shakespeare: Creating Collective Videos from Shakespeare’s Plays during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hatchuel Sarah
Published: February 2021

This essay explores the pedagogical and artistic consequences of the COVID crisis on the “Filming Theatre” MA course at the University of Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, in which students have to create short videos from Shakespeare’s plays.
Vanishing aneurysms in Behcet’s disease - A case series
Authors: Yadav Taruna , Saxena Suvinay , Dutt Naveen , Garg Pawan , Khera Pushpinder
Published: February 2021

Behçet’s disease is a systemic vasculitis with a wide spectrum of manifestations. Although pulmonary involvement is typical, the presence of pulmonary arterial aneurysms is associated with a high incidence of mortality and morbidity. We report two cases of Behçet’s disease with pulmonary arterial involvement who presented with hemoptysis, showed significant treatment response, thus, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and therapeutic management.
Parenting experiences among fathers of prematurely-born children with cerebral palsy in South Korea
Authors: Park Jisun , Bang Kyung-Sook
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The symptoms and impairments caused by cerebral palsy usually require long-term treatment, resulting in a substantial burden on the family of affected children. This study explored the experiences of fathers with prematurely-born children with cerebral palsy, with a focus on how such experiences influenced their families.Methods: A qualitative case study method was used. Nine subjects were recruited from April 2018 to June 2019 at one hospital, and each was interviewed three times by a neonatal nurse.Results: Five core experiences of fathers were identified: "regret for an insufficient initial response", "confronting my child born as a premature baby", "the position of being a dad who can't do anything", "the process of treatment like a tunnel with no exit", and "a father's getting meaning in life through children". These stories covered an individual's timeline and family interactions. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that fathers of prematurely-born children tend to suppress their emotions; therefore, a novel intervention program to encourage fathers' emotional expression and to support healthier interactions with their families is needed. Moreover, our findings could contribute basic information for the construction of a community-based support system to aid families, including prematurely-born children and other persons with impairments.
Influence of the perceived educational environment on future career planning among nursing students in Egypt
Authors: El-Bahnasawy Hanan T. , Al Hadid Lourance , M. Fayed Neanaa
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine attitudes and knowledge regarding career planning after graduation, as well as the perceived educational environment of a pediatric clinical course, among nursing students at Menoufia University in Egypt. This study also investigated the influence of the perceived educational environment on future career planning among nursing students.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used, with a structured interview questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, a section that measured students' attitudes and knowledge toward their career planning, and the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure Scale (DREEM).Results: The mean total score for the DREEM scale was 109.61, and most students perceived many areas within the program as more positive than negative. However, they had low levels of knowledge regarding career planning.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, further efforts should be made to stimulate students' interest in pediatric nursing, to integrate theoretical content with practice, and to improve their planning activities early during their study. It is important to engage students in discussions concerning their ideas and worries about factors they perceive as less enhancing and more threatening in clinical settings.
Review of space weather events in solar cycle 23 (1998-2005)
Authors: Trichtchenko L
Published: February 2021

The presented review covers the space weather events that occurred in years 1998-2005 and includes descriptions of the solar, interplanetary and geomagnetic activity and many other parameters which describe space weather. These are presented through annual plots
and short descriptions, which are useful for space weather scientists and forecasters to extract the main characteristics of the events. This provides information on the overall space weather activity: from their solar sources through the solar wind propagation to effects on the ground and in the
near-earth environment. Annual plots are presented for each year showing the variation in sunspots, F10.7 flux, energetic protons and electrons on GOES, interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind parameters extracted from ACE data, global geomagnetic indices, such as PC North, Kp and Dst, and
local (Canadian) geomagnetic hourly range indices at polar, auroral and subauroral stations. Each annual review also contains detailed descriptions of the major space weather events of the year. These descriptions vary from year to year and include many interesting features, from description of
space weather during ExtraVehicular Activities on ISS to satellite anomalies to geomagnetically induced currents in power grids over the globe.
Neurological Manifestations in Scrub Typhus from a Case Series in Southern India
Authors: Kamath Vasantha , Ganguly Shreyashi , Himabindu B.
Published: February 2021

Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by Orientia tsutsugamashi. CNS is the most crucial target in other rickettsial diseases and historically, the neurological disease burden was considered low in scrub typhus. However, there is growing evidence in literature that O. tsutsugamushi does invade the CSF and CNS invasion may be seen in 2–5 % cases of tsutsugamushi disease. O. tsutsugamushi parasitises endothelial cells both in the periphery as well as in the brain. The disease is characterized by focal or disseminated vasculitis and perivasculitis. Scrub typhus has protean manifestations. CNS involvement is rare but it should be considered as an important differential in the setting of known areas of scrub typhus outbreak. Meningoencephalitis with or without focal neurological deficits is the commonest clinical picture. However, the neurological manifestations can be highly variable. In our case series out of 81 patients who were diagnosed with scrub typhus, only 5 patients had neurological manifestations. All patients presented with altered sensorium. GCS was decreased in all patients. It was <10 in 60% cases. Neck rigidity and signs of meningeal irritation was present in 80% cases. There was no sign of papilloedema, cranial nerve involvement, focal neurological deficits. 2 of the patients had seizure which was GTCS in semiology. CSF in all cases showed lymphocytic predominance (between 150 and 400 cells/ mm3) with high protein and low to normal CSF sugar levels. NCCT brain was normal. MRI brain showed meningeal enhancement in 60% cases. Additionally, hyperintense signal on T2 was observed in 60% cases. Confirmation of the case requires serological evidence. CSF and neuroimaging picture are not pathognomonic. In the setting of acute fever, headache along with eschar or macular rash, scrub typhus must be ruled as a cause of neurological manifestations, such as altered sensorium, and seizure.
Assessing Indicators and Limitations of Food Security Objectives in Coral Reef Restoration
Authors: Vandenberg Jessica , Humphries Austin , Garcia-Quijanoa Carlos , Moore Amelia , Pollnac Richard , Abdullah Suparman
Published: February 2021

Coral reef restoration is often presented as a marine conservation solution that provides ‘win-win’ outcomes. However, most studies on reef restoration have focused on the biological success, while little is known about whether social objectives are ever achieved. This study investigates a reef restoration initiative in the Spermonde archipelago, Indonesia, where food security was initially presented as an intended social outcome. We utilised an ethnographic mixed-methods approach to investigate: 1) perceived sociocultural benefits of coral restoration to the local community; 2) impacts of reef restoration on local food security; and 3) local sociocultural barriers and limitations of reef restoration as a mechanism for improving food security. We found fish contributed to food security primarily as an income source to purchase food. Local people mainly valued nearby reefs for storm protection. Furthermore, most fishers are organised through patron-client systems that target pelagic species; therefore they currently have minimal dependency on adjacent reefs. However, fishing restrictions linked to the restoration programme still negatively impacted both pelagic fishers and a small population of reef-based fishers—indirectly by damaging reciprocal fishing relations with neighbouring islands and directly by limiting access to local reefs. Complex social and trade networks associated with patron-client networks present potential barriers for transitioning to reef-based fisheries and eradicating the use of destructive fishing gear, therefore limiting access to potential food security benefits generated from reef restoration. These findings show that the relationship between coral restoration and food security is tenuous and cannot be assumed. These findings also demonstrate that social dynamics surrounding community-based conservation initiatives are complex and context-dependent, and such details must be considered when designing marine habitat restoration initiatives.
Difficult biliary stones in the elderly
Authors: Antypas Pavlos , Cereatti Fabrizio , Fiocca Fausto , Cappello Annalisa , Eberspacher Chiara , Fanello Gianfranco , Mascagni Domenico , Donatelli Gianfranco
Published: February 2021

Background:

Pancreaticobiliary diseases and choledocholithiasis are common in elderly patients. Endoscopic treatment of biliary stones represents a well-established mini-invasive technique. However, limited data are available regarding the treatment of ‘difficult’ biliary stones, especially in the elderly population. The aim of our study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients ≥85 years of age with complex biliary stones.

Materials and Methods:

From January 2015 to January 2017, data from ERCP procedures performed for complex biliary stones were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into two groups based on their age: Group A – aged 85 years or older (n = 110) and Group B – aged 65 years or younger (n = 62). Demographic data, success, complications and recurrence rates for both groups were reported.

Results:

Chronic comorbidities (86.3% vs. 24.2%; P < 0.001) and use of antithrombotic drugs (48.2% vs. 19.3%; P < 0.001) were more frequent in the elderly. The technical success rate (95.4% vs. 96.7%; P > 0.6) and complication rate (8.2% vs. 13%; P > 0.2) were not statistically different among the two groups. Periampullary diverticula (PAD) were observed more frequently in Group A (38.1% vs. 17.7%; P < 0.006). More patients from Group B underwent cholecystectomy during the same admission (8.2% vs. 42.3%; P < 0.001). The recurrence rate was not different among the groups (7.6% vs. 5%; P > 0.5). PAD was identified as the risk factor for recurrence (P < 0.02).

Conclusion:

ERCP in the elderly was found to be a safe procedure, carrying a high degree of success for the treatment of difficult biliary stones.
Laparoscopic hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for locally advanced gall bladder cancer
Authors: James Mathews , Kalayarasan Raja , Gnanasekaran Senthil , Pottakkat Biju
Published: February 2021

Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy (HPD) can offer a survival advantage in selected patients with locally advanced gall bladder cancer (GBC). While the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive radical cholecystectomy have been recently documented, laparoscopic HPD for GBC has not been previously reported. A 73-year-old male with GBC infiltrating the bile duct underwent laparoscopic HPD to achieve R0 resection. The patient had an uneventful post-operative course except for delayed gastric emptying that improved with conservative management. The feasibility of laparoscopic HPD for locally advanced GBC reported in the present case needs to be documented in a large case series.
Quantitative Evaluation of the Compatibility Effects of Aidi Injection on the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Targeted Metabolomics
Authors: Liu Ran , Zhu Lin-Lin , Yu Chun-Yu , Shuai Ya-Ping , Sun Ling-Ling , Bi Kai-Shun , Li Qing
Published: February 2021

Objective:

Compound traditional Chinese medicine (CTCM) with the application of compatibility from multiple active ingredients with multiple-specific targets can achieve a synergistic effect on cancer therapy. This study is aimed to observe the compatibility effects of Aidi injection on the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and to explore the mechanism of CTCM.

Methods:

Aidi injection is a clinical compound prescription containing Mylabris, Ginseng, Astragalus, and Acanthopanax, which can inhibit tumor growth and induce apoptosis. In this study, the anticancer activity of Aidi injection, as well as its disassembled and combined compositions, had been evaluated by varying levels of polyamine biomarkers on human hepatoma Hep-G2 cells detected using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Results:

According to the different variations in polyamine levels, it was revealed that Mylabris and Ginseng had an antitumor effect, while Astragalus acted as an assistant and Acanthopanax had weak anticancer activity. The increased level of polyamines in Hep-G2 cells had been found in HL-7702 cells. On combining Mylabris and Ginseng, polyamine levels went close to the normal level, which was even more marked when Astragalus was added. Aidi injection acted like the combination of Mylabris, Ginseng, and Astragalus.

Conclusions:

This study established a quantitative evaluation of the compatibility effects of Aidi injection based on polyamine biomarkers and evaluated the consistency of its anticancer effect, providing a manner to research the efficacy evaluation of CTCM. Moreover, the correlation between polyamine metabolism and anticancer activity can be used in anticancer drug screening.
Development of Nakdong River Estuary Ecosystem Model Using AQUATOX Model
Authors: Hoang Thilananh , Nguyen Duytrinh , Lee Junhyup , Han Kyungsoo , Lee Taeyoon
Published: February 2021

Objectives:In this study, a model representing the ecosystem of the Nakdong River Estuary was constructed using the AQUATOX model, and the ecosystem model was calibrated using the measured data, and the Nakdong River Estuary ecosystem was predicted by using the calibrated model.Methods:After constructing the Nakdong River Estuary Ecosystem Model using the AQUATOX model provided by the US EPA, the model was calibrated using the measurement data for the Nakdong River Estuary. The model calibration was performed on the measured chlorophyll-a, and the DO, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, crab, shrimp, and fish measurement data were compared with the values ​​derived from the calibrated model and verified. Using the final verified model, we predicted the ecosystem change that occurs when the pesticide component (0.4 ug/L) is temporarily and continuously introduced into the Nakdong estuary area from the upper stream of the Nakdong River.Results and Discussion:The calibration results of the ecosystem model for the measured chlorophyll-a were RB (0.029), F (1.35), RSME (0.489), and MAE (0.105). The phytoplankton in the estuary consisted of cryptomonas, greens, diatoms, blue-green algae, and the cryptomonas grew in the estuary as a habitat, but the rest of the phytoplankton were introduced into the estuary through the effluent of Nakdong river. In the case of zooplankton, copepods are the dominant species, but all of them are found to be released into the ocean when the effluent from Nakdong river is introduced. In the case of crustaceans, crab and shrimp were the dominant species, and the values ​​of these models were similar to the results of previous studies, and in the case of fish, the dominant species were found to be Toadfish and Croaker. Using the validated model, we predicted the transient or continuous inflow of herbicide components from the effluent of Hagut-duk, but phytoplankton and invertebrates decreased in both inflow situations. Exceptionally, copepods were not affected by the two inflow situations, and crabs continued to increase during temporary inflow conditions except for the initial stagnation period. All fish died in the continuous inflow situation, but in the temporary inflow situation, the Croaker increased and the Toadfish decreased.Conclusions:The implementation of the Nakdong River Estuary ecosystem as an AQUATOX model was the first attempt in Korea. Through this study, a plan to predict various environmental changes that may occur in the future was prepared. It was confirmed that the introduction of herbicides suggested as an example of environmental change can have a fatal effect on the estuary ecosystem even in small amounts, and the foundation for ecosystem changes and future countermeasures to various environmental changes in the future was established.
Koşuyu Etkileyen Biyomekaniksel Faktörler
Authors: KARABIÇAK Gül Öznur
Published: February 2021

Toplumda aerobik egzersizin sağlıklı yaşam ve yaşam kalitesine faydalarıyla ilgili bilincin artmasıyla birlikte tempolu yürüyüş ve koşu, toplumda giderek popüler hale gelen sporlar arasında yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu egzersizlere katılım arttıkça koşu ile ilgili hem akut hem kronik yaralanmaların insidansında doğal bir artış görülmektedir. Yaralanmaların hem önlenmesi hem de etkin bir şekilde tedavi edilebilmesi amacıyla yürüyüşün ve koşunun biyomekaniklerinin doğru bir şekilde anlaşılması önem taşır. Uygun koşu biyomekanikleri, kinetik halkanın tüm komponentlerinin senkronize hareketlerini içerir. Ayak; zemine uyum, denge ve propriosepsiyon ile birlikte itme fazı için gerekli itmeyi sağlar. Gövde ve pelvisteki uygun olmayan dizilim, vücut mekaniklerini etkiler, dolayısıyla yaralanmalara neden olur. Bu yüzden koşu boyunca tüm kinetik zincire etkiyen biyomekaniklerin anlaşılması ve dikkate alınması gereklidir. Bu yazıda kısaca yürüyüş ve koşu arasındaki biyomekaniksel farklılıklara ve koşma sırasında alt ekstremitede meydana gelen biyomekaniksel fazlara değinilecektir, sonrasında koşunun kinetik zincire etkisinden bahsedilecektir.
Vulva Kanseri ve Vulvektomi Sonrası Hemşirelik Yaklaşımları
Authors: KESKİN Hatice Gözde , TAHTA Tuğba
Published: February 2021

Vulva kanseri tüm genital kanserlerin %4-5’ini, jinekolojik kanserlerin de %1’ini oluşturur. Son yıllarda vulva kanseri insidansı artış göstermektedir. Vulva kanseri için tedavi ve bakımdaki önemli gelişmeler, özellikle ileri evre hastalığı olanlar için terapötik seçenekler hakkında yeni düşünme ve araştırma yöntemleri gerektirecektir. Bu derlemenin amacı, vulva kanserinde önceden tanımlanmış cerrahi sonrası semptomların erken saptanmasını ve değerlendirilmesinin önemi anlatılmaktadır. Ayrıca vulva kanserinde kanıta dayalı semptom giderici müdahalelerin kullanımıyla hemşirelik bakımına yönelik mevcut kanıtları özetlemektir. Vulva kanserinin biyolojisi hakkındaki en son araştırmaları vurgulamak ve hasta yönetimi için daha iyi stratejilerin geliştirilmesini kolaylaştırmaktır.
Networking and entrepreneurial orientation in internationalization of small-and medium sized enterprises: A two case study of Ostrobothnia company in Finland
Authors: Nahan­-Suomela Rosmeriany
Published: February 2021

The objective of this paper is to gain an increased understanding of how networking and entrepreneurial orientations facilitate internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This study is a qualitative research and the research is drawn upon fndings of a sample of two SMEs located in Ostrobothnia, Finland. A qualitative data is gathered through personal interview with managers of the enterprises. The study has shown importance of networking and entrepreneurial orientations for understanding internationalization pattern of small and medium size enterprises. My fndings suggest that in order to be successful in international markets enterprises need to consider components of entrepreneurial orientations which are reﬂected by the two case enterprises in their internationalization. Furthermore, success of the enterprises depends largely on the ability of the companies to relate entrepreneurial orientation and networking in facilitating internationalization of the companies.
Neuromarketing v modernej spoločnosti
Authors: Uher Ivan , Svedova Milena
Published: February 2021

Neuromarketing, we can classify as an avant­garde scientifc discipline. It defnes the boundary between neuroscience and marketing. It works on marketing professionals to re­evaluate their views on consumer thinking and think about their business activities' impact. The neuromarketing aims to apply knowledge from the medical sciences about the human brain's activity and its use in the effectiveness of business strategies and other related felds of study. To offer products and services so that the buyer's behavior is directing towards the purchase. We often think that we know why we act one way or another; these are just illusions that we unknowingly create to explain our actions. Neuromarketing is a scientifc discipline that reveals the mystery of the human mind, answering why consumers prefer a given product. Neuromarketing is one step ahead of other research methods. Thanks to the fact that it can analyze the consumer's wishes, it also provides more accurate results. In our presented review study, we critically evaluate selected scientifc papers in the given area to point out the direction, perspective of neuromarketing, and other challenges and attitudes we face in today's professional environment.
Impacts COVID-19 pandemic Diseases on Ethiopian Agriculture, Food Systems, Industries, and Mitigation and Adaptation Strategy
Authors: Omer Suleyman Abdureman , Hassen Nuradin Abdi
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is a recent outbreak in almost all parts of the world including Ethiopia influencing the socio-economy of people and mainly threatening the agriculture and food security of the least developed countries. The current desk review and opinion synthesis by a multi-disciplinary team of experts from Haramaya University aimed at assessing the probable impact of the virus on the Ethiopian agriculture and food security and suggesting the possible mitigation and adaptation strategies to all responsible. Experts’ opinion and desk review of existing information were employed for the analysis and conclusions drawn, due to the difficulty of data generation at this time of movement restriction and poor database availability on websites of relevant institutions. Accordingly, the information gathered were synthesised and described following the major stages of food supply chains as production, handling and storage, processing and packaging, distribution and marketing, and consumption are key messages drawn from the overall assessment.
Formative Assessment in HL Teaching: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices
Authors: Carreira Maria M.
Published: February 2021

Discussions surrounding assessment in the foreign languages generally focus on the two ends of the teaching/learning process: diagnostic assessment, typically used for placement purposes and administered prior to the start of instruction, and summative assessment, which evaluates learning after instruction for purposes of assigning a grade or determining the efficacy of particular programs or interventions. This paper concerns itself with formative assessment, which takes place during the course of instruction for purposes of enhancing learning. Two overarching points about formative assessment are made here: first, that it is an indispensable pedagogical tool for addressing issues of learner diversity that arise in classes enrolling heritage language learners (HL learners) and, second, that formative assessment is an integral component of the assessment process. In the three-part view of assessment presented here, diagnostic assessment is used prior to the start of instruction to fine tune the curriculum according to the needs of particular classes and to mitigate the challenges of diversity through placement. Formative assessment is used throughout instruction to enhance learning and prepare students with different needs and levels of expertise for summative assessment.
UTILIZATION OF BINARY BLENDS OF LIQUID NATURAL RUBBER AND POLYVINYL ACETATE IN EMULSION PAINT
Authors: Ndibe H.C. , Iyasele J. U. , Imanah E.O. , Okpara G. E. , Eriamiatoe I.
Published: February 2021

Studies were conducted on blends of liquid natural rubber (LNR) and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).The two polymers were characterized based on their physicochemical properties, and used in paint production. Results obtained showed that viscometric measurement and density of the polymers did not differ much. Five paints of different compositions labeled; Paint 1 (100% PVAc), Paint 2 (100% LNR), Paint 3 (75% LNR: 25% PVAc), Paint 4 (50% PVAc: 50% LNR), and Paint 5 (25% LNR: 75% PVAc) using standard emulsion paint formulation and method of production were employed. The paint samples were subjected to quality test. Most of the emulsion paint showed good quality test when compared by the Standard Organisation of Nigeria (SON). Paint 1 had an excellent viscosity and adhesion when compared with Paint 2 and other samples. Also, Paint 5 recorded 22.0poise for viscosity and 0.68kgf for adhesion when compared with other paint blends. This shows that, emulsion paint formulated blends of LNR/PVAc with percentage composition 25% LNR; 75%PVAc exhibited best performance characteristics in terms of test conducted. The results suggest that LNR and PVAc are compatible as binders in emulsion paint production. Therefore, LNR/PVAc blends could be used as binder in the coating industry as an alternative to PVAc binder based emulsion paint.
Human health risk assessment of trace metals contamination in a tropical river
Authors: Uwah E. I. , Edem E. M. , Udosen I. E. , Udosen E. D. , Udoidiong O. M. , Essien A. M.
Published: February 2021

Levels of trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) were quantified in water, sediment and winkles (Pachymelania bryonensis and Pachymelania fusca mutans) in Akani Obio Uruan River, Nigeria during wet and dry seasons using standard procedures. Results revealed that mean levels (mg/l) of the metals in water ranged from 0.016 for Cr to 0.087 for Cd in wet season and 0.010 for Cu to 0.082 for Zn in dry season. In sediment, the metals levels (mg/kg) ranged from 0.002 for Pb to 0.161 for Zn in wet season and 0.001 for Pb to 0.438 for Cu in dry season. In winkles, the metals levels (mg/kg) ranged from 0.002 for Pb to 0.069 for Cd and for Cu in the wet season, and 0.001 for Pb to 0.058 for Cd and for Cu in the dry season. Estimated human health risk from each metal contamination due to consumption of the water, dermal absorption through swimming and consumption of winkles gave each of hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) values of less than one (< 1), indicating no risk since the levels of contamination in each case are not likely to cause any adverse health effects in humans.
The Potential Role of Angiogenic Osteoclast Inhibition in the Occurrence of Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
Authors: Ntep Ntep David Bienvenue , Kenna Ernest , Bola Siafa Antoine , Bengondo Messanga Charles ,   Oral, Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology Department, Yaounde University, Cameroon,   Ophtamology, Otolaryngology and Stomatology Department, Limbe Regional Hospital, Cameroon,   Ophtamology, Otolaryngology and Stomatology Department, Limbe Regional Hospital, Cameroon,   Oral, Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology Department, Yaounde University, Cameroon
Published: February 2021

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is a serious complication of systemic bisphosphonate administration, the mechanism of which remains unclear. Many hypotheses regarding pathophysiology are discussed, including the most commonly cited: suppression of bone remodeling and suppression of angiogenesis, but none of these would explain all the unique features of bisphosphonaterelated jaw osteonecrosis. Bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of osteoclasts, and recent studies have shown that osteoclasts are important for bone angiogenesis. Therefore, we hypothesize that bisphosphonates inhibit osteoclastic stimulation of angiogenesis, thereby contributing to the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the jaws. This theory would partially explain the pathophysiology of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw to the unfathomable.
Maturogenesis by Pulp Revascularization in an Immature Necrotic Permanent Tooth in a Pediatric Patient: A 15 Month Follow-up Case Report
Authors:   Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India, Pawan Kumar ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CDER, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India, Ishika Garg ,   Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India, Saurabh Narang ,   Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India, Ritu Namdev ,   Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Published: February 2021

Endodontic treatment of immature necrotic permanent teeth is clinically challenging and poses a risk of inducing dentin wall fracture or extending gutta-percha into the periapical tissue during root canal filling. Pulp revascularization is a promising alternative for the treatment of such immature necrotic permanent teeth offering great potential to avoid the need for traditional apexification with calcium hydroxide or the need to achieve an artificial apical barrier with mineral trioxide aggregate. Pulp revascularization allows the stimulation of the apical development and the root maturation of immature teeth by physiologically strengthening the canal walls. The present case report describes the case of successful revascularization of the necrotic infected pulp space of an immature permanent maxillary central incisor induced in vivo by stimulation of a blood clot from the periapical tissues into the canal space. Thickening of the canal wall and complete apical closure were confirmed 15 months after the treatment.
Prevalence of Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Children Aged 6- 59 Months in Bishoftu Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors:   College Development Studies, Centre for Food Security Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Abebe Haile , Melaku Abebaw ,   College Development Studies, Centre for Food Security Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Published: February 2021

Malnutrition is decreasing during the two-decade but still in a major public health problem in the world especially in developing countries including Ethiopia. The study was aimed to assess the prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among children of aged 6 months - 59 months of Bishoftu town, Oromia region. Community based cross-sectional design was employed in the randomly selected five kebele. The sample size was determined by using single population proportion formula then adjusted by finite population correction factor to draw the final 410 sample children and then allocated proportionally to each Kebele in the town. The survey was conducted using standard procedures developed questionnaires with experienced enumerators. Anthropometric measurement was used to collect height, weight and MUAC following the standard measurement tools and procedures. Information was entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and anthropometric measurements were converted into Z scores by WHO Anthro version 3.2.2., 2011 software. Then exported to STATA 13 and analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The result revealed that the prevalence of overall malnutrition was (46.1%); specifically, stunting was (16.1%), underweight (22.6%) and wasting (7.4%). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze prevalence of child malnutrition. The result of multivariate model revealed that Family size, Birth interval, Child age and Frequency of breast feed as significant determinants for wasting. While for stunting, family size, level of mother’s education, birth order, currently breast feeding, exclusive breast feeding and monthly income were found as statistically significant (p<0.05) determinants of child malnutrition. Additionally, age of child and household who hadn’t got advice and visited by health extension workers were more than five as likely to be underweight compared to those who are frequently advised? Thus, the studied households need continues training, awareness creation activities, special attention for child and maternal healthcare services by the Health Office and other practitioners in different income generating activities to improve child nutrition.
Determinants and Current Level of Optimal Complementary Feeding Practices among Lactating Mothers of Children in Ambo Town, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors:   College Development Studies, Centre for Food Security Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Abebe Haile , Assefa Belay ,   College Development Studies, Centre for Food Security Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Published: February 2021

An appropriate diet is critical in the growth and development of children especially in the first two years of life. Poor complementary feeding of children aged 6 months - 23 months contributes to the characteristics negative growth trends and deaths observed in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess determinants and current level of optimal complementary feeding practices among mothers of children aged 6 months to 23 months in Ambo town, Oromia Region. The study used cross sectional study design and targeted 336 mothers with children 6 months - 23 months olds. Information from the respondents were collected using standard questionnaire. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0 windows statistical software. All (100%) the children 6 months - 8 months old had received solid, semi-solid/soft foods. The minimum meal frequency was attained by 88.3% (95% CI 84.3-91.4) whereas the minimum dietary diversity was attained by 17.9% (95% CI 14.1-22.5). The minimum acceptable diet was attained by 15.4% (95% CI 11.9-19.8). Maternal knowledge on: importance of breastfeeding (87.3%); age of introduction of complementary foods (85.4%) and correct meal frequency for age (74.5%) was high. On the contrary, knowledge on the importance of enriching complementary foods (34.5%) was low. Mothers who knew the importance of a diverse diet were likely (chi-square test; p=0.001) to feed their children on a diverse diet. On the other hand, mothers who knew the importance of enriching complementary foods were likely to feed their children on a minimum acceptable diet (chi-square test; p = 0.007) and maternal knowledge on enriching complementary foods (OR = 3.41, p = 0.040) were significant predictors of consumption of Vitamin A rich foods, minimum meal frequency and minimum acceptable diet, respectively. Behaviour change and communication involving all the stakeholders in infant and young child feeding should be emphasized. Messages on appropriate feeding practices should include importance of dietary diversity
Antibiofilm Activity of Galangal (Alpinia galanga) Against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors:   Department of Agricultural and Plantation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda, 10250, Western Province, Sri Lanka, PUHS Karunarathne , MG Thammitiyagodage ,   Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Medical Research Institute, Colombo 08, 00800, Western Province, Sri Lanka, NS Weerakkody ,   Department of Agricultural and Plantation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda, 10250, Western Province, Sri Lanka
Published: February 2021

A significant antibacterial effect of Galangal (Alpinia galangal) against foodborne bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes, was reported with higher quantity of active biomolecule 1’-acetoxychavicolacetate. However, the effect on biofilm formation is yet unknown. Therefore, crude extract of Galangal rhizome was investigated for in-vitro antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Galangal extract was tested for antimicrobial activity against six strains of S. aureus including methicillin resisitant S. aureus. The antibiofilm activity was tested against S. aureus SA113 using microtiter-plate assay and scanning electron microscopic imaging. Galangal extract showed antimicrobial activity with an inhibition zone ranging from 36 - 46 mm against for all tested strains of S. aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of the extract were 1.25 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml, respectively. More than 50% reduction of biofilm adhered to the surface was observed in 2.5 mg/ml representing minimum biofilm resistant concentration MBRC50 of the extract. The antibiofilm assay showed significant (80.68%) reduction at 20 mg/ml of extract. The 1´acetochavicol acetate (82.88%) was found to be the major chemical compound of galangal extract. Galangal rhizome extract possesses antibiofilm activity against S. aureus. Findings of the study could be useful for application of galangal crude extract as a disinfectant in food industry to eliminate the cross contaminations of S. aureus.
A newborn with anterolateral diaphragmatic defect: An unusual anomaly?
Authors: Mohamed A. , S Shankar , Qazi Abid
Published: February 2021

Background: Anterolateral defect of diaphragm is unusual and has been reported less than 5 times in literature.
Case Presentation: We are reporting a case with typical initial presentation of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. A chest x-ray raised suspicion of a cystic lesion or diaphragmatic eventration which was excluded by chest ultrasound. At operation he was found to have a localised and large anterolateral defect with a very thick sac which was plicated to bridge the diaphragmatic defect.
Conclusion: A rare variant and should be differentiated from other variants using imaging.