bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Proportional Reinsurance Strategy Using Dynamic Programming
Authors: El Attar Abderrahim , El Hachloufi Mostafa
Published: June 2020

This paper is concerned with stochastic optimization in continuous time and its application in reinsurance. It deals with a model of optimization reinsurance which makes it possible to maximize the technical benefit of an insurance company and to minimize the risk for a given period. Indeed, here we discuss a stochastic optimal control problem to determine the optimal risk management strategy, the purpose of which is to identify the appropriate level of transfer rate for "quota share" reinsurance contracts, which are most appropriate to the risk profile of an insurance company. In addition, we use a resolution approach based on dynamic programming and the HJB equation in order to reach the aforementioned aim, which is finding the optimal strategy for reinsurance to adapt better for insurance company.
Stability Analysis of MHD Fluid Flow over a Moving Plate with Pressure Gradient Using the Chebyshev Spectral Method
Authors: Laouer Abdelghani , Mezaache El Hacene , Laouar Salah
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the magnetohydrodynamic stability external flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid over a moving flat plate using temporal linear stability analysis. Using a similarity variables based on the Skan-Falkner transformation, the governing differential equations of mean flow are transformed into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation, which is then solved numerically by the Runge-Kutta method. The MHD stability equation is solved numerically by using the Chebyshev spectral collocation method, which is based on the eigenfunction expansion in terms of Chebyshev polynomials, collocation points, and the subsequent solution of the resulting generalized eigenvalue problem with the QZ algorithm. The influence of the pressure gradient, magnetic field and wall velocity on the dimensionless mean velocity are presented graphically and discussed. For the disturbance flow in the presence of magnetic field and moving wall, the critical Reynolds number increases with increasing the magnetic field parameter and wall velocity, indicating that these parameters stabilize the flow.
Voltage Dip/Swell Mitigation and Imaginary Power Compensation in Low Voltage Distribution Utilizing Improved Unified Power Quality Conditioner (I-UPQC)
Authors: Osaloni Oluwafunso Oluwole , Saha Akshay Kumar
Published: June 2020

The main purpose of this work is to introduced power quality improvement in low voltage distribution networks with the application of Improved Unified Power Quality Conditioner (I-UPQC). Ordinarily, in the normal UPQC, the series inverter handles active injection while the shunt inverter provides load imaginary power injection. However, in the case of I-UPQC, the series inverter of the UPQC performs two functions concurrently as a sag and swell compensator and assists the shunt inverter in load reactive power requirements. The reactive power sharing is achieved by the integration of the Power Angle Control (PAC) of UPQC to coordinate imaginary power-sharing between the two inverters. With the view that the series inverter produces active and reactive power, this concept is named I-UPQC. Full mathematical analysis to extend the PAC method to I-UPQC has been carried out in this work. The simulation and results produced in the MATLAB / SIMULINK environment and discussion to support the developed concept are also presented. The result from the proposed concept is confirmed by comparing the concept with operation unified power quality conditioner in steady-state.
On the Development and Characterization of Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Polylactide Blends with Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate
Authors: Nesaule Arturs Eriks , Didrihsone Elina , Merijs-Meri Remo , Grigs Oskars , Zicāns Jānis
Published: June 2020

Within the current report the first results of the upcoming multi-stage research cycle on the development of high-performance environmentally friendly PLA/PBAT blend based composite materials are presented. Development and basic characterization of PLA/PBAT blends at various wt.-to-wt. ratios of the base polymeric components is performed. Rheological properties of PLA and PBAT have been investigated by means of rotational viscometry to define the optimal blending parameters. PLA/PBAT blends have been obtained by using twin-screw extrusion. Structural features of the obtained polymer blend compositions have been revealed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Crystallization behavior of the obtained polymer blend compositions have been characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal stability of the obtained polymer blend compositions has been studied by using thermogravimetric analysis. Mechanical behavior of the obtained polymer blend compositions has been studied by means of both quasistatic (in respects to tensile and flexural properties) and dynamic tests (impact resistance).
Core-Shell PVA/PVP-FeOOH Nanofibers as a Potential Visible Light Responsive Drug Delivery System
Authors: Šutka Anna
Published: June 2020

The high surface area per unit volume and core-shell configuration of electrospun nanofiber mat has a potential for drug delivery applications. Co-axial electrospinning technique resolves the limitation in the traditional transdermal drug delivery materials allowing to load a larger concentration of therapeutic agents per unit mass of the polymer. Encapsulating the drug in the fiber core provides protection and prolonged drug release. In the present study mats of core-shell PVA/PVP-FeOOH nanofibers were successfully formed by the coaxial electrospinning process for the first time. The visible light responsive FeOOH drug carrier material was incorporated in fiber core to provide non-invasive drug release on demand. The prepared materials posses visible light triggered release of organic methylene blue molecules.
Relaxation Polarization Dependence of Circular Vector Gratings in Azobenzene Glassy Molecular Films
Authors: Ozols Andris , Augustovs Peteris , Traskovskis Kaspars , Kokars Valdis , Laipniece Lauma , Ruduss Armands , Balodis Karlis
Published: June 2020

Holographic grating recording and relaxation is studied in different azobenzene molecular glassy films by circularly orthogonally polarized 532 nm laser beams L and R. The readout was made by circularly polarized (R or L) 632.8 nm laser beam. Sandwich-type samples (glass-film-glass) were also studied. Maximum diffraction efficiency of 81% has been achieved in sandwich-type AR-173 film. The following relaxation features have been found: after reaching diffraction efficiency (DE) maximum no DE decay took place; DE read out by R-polarized beam was always higher than that by L-polarized beam; in sandwich-type samples DE decayed until zero when read out by R-polarization whereas DE was zero when read out by L-polarization. 50% relaxation times varied from 4 to 44 minutes, and they mainly decreased when grating period was increased. The observed relaxation peculiarities can be understood if one assumes that volume birefringence grating (VBG) is recorded followed by volume density grating (VDG) and surface relief grating (SRG) recording. R-polarization "feels" all gratings whereas L-polarization only VDG and SRG. At large exposures VDG and SRG dominate. These results confirm the conclusion made by J.Mikelsone in her 2018 PhD thesis that birefringence grating recording in azobenzene materials is a neccessary condition for SRG appearance.
Woven Textile Pressure Switch
Authors: Balgale Ilze , Baltina Ilze
Published: June 2020

In this paper has shown that the three-dimensional hollow weaving technique enables to produce a textile pressure sensor in one continuous process. Based on the multilayer fabric principle, the hollow woven fabrics can be created by connecting adjacent layers of the fabrics according to certain rules. The appropriate fabric structure has been selected and the three-layer weaving technique was used to make the textile pressure switch. The fabric structure is selected to ensure that the top and bottom layers are kept at a distance from each other. The electrically conductive tracks were embedded in the hollow structure of the fabric in bottom and middle layers. Three conditions must be fulfilled in order to create the textile switch: a) the fabric in normal condition keeps the shape required, i.e. the conductive elements are physically separated from each other; b) when the fabric is pressed, conductive elements are in contact, i.e. the switch is now in an electrically on state; c) after the pressure has been removed the fabric returns to its original position, i.e. switch is in an electrically off state. The behavior of the electrically conductive yarn and conductive tracks were tested in various ways. The stainless steel yarn woven in particular way can be used to create woven conductive tracks. Example of application: the pressure sensitive woven rug, the whole area or part of which acts as the pressure sensor or simple switch. The pressure switch in the floor coverings can turn on alarm systems or indicator lamps in the floor or wall coverings for guidance systems in public buildings.
Characteristics of a Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Cured in Microwave Oven
Authors: Do Quang Minh , Ngo Phuong Minh , Nguyen Hoc Thang
Published: June 2020

Geopolymer is known as an alkaline alumino-silicate material that has many potential advantages to replace for cement-based materials. Geopolymer is a green material with low or non-CO2 emission technology, high strength and heat resistance, high chemical resistance, and low energy production. Geopolymer has synthesized from activated alumino-silicate resources in high alkaline conditions. After formed, the geopolymer samples are cured in different conditions such as room temperature, drying oven temperature (from 40°C to 150°C), high pressure and temperature conditions of autoclave equipment. In this study, the paper would like to introduce a new technique for curing the specimens. The geopolymer samples were cured in a microwave oven set by various regimes of curing time. After cured in microwave conditions, the samples were tested for engineering properties such as compressive strength (MPa), volumetric weight (kg/m3), and water absorption (kg/m3). This technology is a useful solution because of saving time for curing the geopolymer specimens in comparison with others (normally, it takes time for curing in 28 days). Microstructural characteristics of the fly ash-based geopolymer were analyzed and evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
Dynamic Compression Performance of Reaction Sintering SiC/B4C Composite
Authors: Gao Xiao Ju , Hasigaowa  , Sun Meng Yong , Liao Cheng Dong , Huang Wei Ping , Man Peng , Zhang Wu , Zhou Ya Wei
Published: June 2020

SiC/B4C composite was obtained using the reaction sintering method with Si infiltration, which exhibited excellent mechanical properties. The dynamic compressive response was investigated using a Split Hopkinson pressure bar at high strain rates ranging from 0.4×103 to 1.2×103 s-1. The results show that the dynamic strength of the SiC/B4C composite obtains a peak value at a strain rate of 1000/s, while its strain increased continuously with increasing strain rate. The dynamic loading mode of SiC/B4C composite exhibited three deformation regions, including an inelastic deformation region, rapid loading region and failure region. The dynamic failure mode of SiC/B4C composite depended upon the strain rate.
Colloidal Synthesis of CdSe Nanocrystals: Preparation, Characterization in Different Organic Solvent
Authors: Kadim Akeel M.
Published: June 2020

Colloidal CdSe Nanocrystals (NCs) or quantum dots (QDs) have been developed using a yielding solution technique utilizing chemical reactions in chloroform and oleic acid in different organic solvents. This assembly is an improvement of the systematic thermal decomposition of high temperature organic solvent compounds. CdSe NCs of specific sizes can be produced easily by adjusting the solvent. This technique is reproducible and clear, so industrial development can be easily scaled up. Characterization at room temperature of the UV-Vis absorption and Photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Results reveal that the CdSe prepared with the creation of defects was nanocrystalline. The energy difference (Eg) measured in PL was 2.3 and 2.69 eV respectively for CdSe NCs in chloroform and oleic acid. The structures of the CdSe quantum dots were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The phase-transfer of chloroform and oleic acid stabilized CdSe nanocrystals solutions was studied for their potentials in white light generation applications.
Influence of Different Nano-Structured Fillers on the Performance of Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Osman Amr , Elhakeem Abdelmoty , Kaytbay Saleh , Ahmed Abdalla
Published: June 2020

Nowadays, multi-functional materials are strongly needed to meet the requirements of next-generation electronic devices. In this work, two different nanostructured fillers, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and nanoalumina, were chosen to study their effect on the thermal, electrical and mechanical properties of the prepared epoxy composites at different loadings (0.5 to 2 wt%). RGO was firstly prepared and characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy and TEM confirming its production. The results revealed that RGO showed excellent adhesion with the polymer. Whilst, alumina aggregated and debonded from the matrix, as confirmed by SEM images. Hence, at only 2 wt%, RGO/epoxy composites exhibited the highest thermal conductivity (0.391 W/m-K), which was 1.96 times higher than the neat epoxy. Whereas, the alumina/epoxy composites showed lower increment at the same loading (0.206 W/m-K). However, at 2 wt% RGO, electrical percolation networks had been formed across the matrix (DC conductivity = 2×10-7 S/cm). While, epoxy filled with alumina remained insulative at any loading (~ 10-12 S/cm at 100 Hz). Besides, the tensile strength of the composites was improved by 75% and 37% when filled with 0.5 wt% RGO and alumina, respectively. These results are very useful for preparing multi-functional polymeric materials, which are critically required for packaging industries.
The Mediating Role of Risk Tolerance in the Relationship between Financial Literacy and Investment Performance
Authors: Kanagasabai Balaji , Aggarwal Vaneeta
Published: June 2020

The main objective of this research paper is to study the impact of financial literacy on investment performance, with the mediating effects of risk tolerance. Data was collected using a standardised questionnaire from 203 individual investors in Chennai, India and the results indicate that there is  a significant positive relationship between financial literacy and  investment performance while the level of risk tolerance is partially mediating that relationship. This study is the first of its kind which has explored the mediating role of risk tolerance, and it demonstrated that higher levels of financial literacy make investors more tolerant towards risk which in turn makes a better and satisfying investment performance. This study has several implications for investors, financial advisors and policymakers. It also aids in understanding the significance of financial literacy for the investors and ameliorating awareness and intention to invest among the non-investors.
Nursing needs assessment scale for women with infertility: development and validation
Authors: Park Jummi , Shin Nayeon , Lee Kyungmi
Published: June 2020

Purpose: High-quality nursing care must be provided for women with infertility, and their nursing care needs must be identified. Although scales have been developed to assess infertility-related stress, quality of life, and psychosocial status, there is a lack of scales that assess the nursing care needs of women with infertility. The purpose of this study was to develop a needs assessment scale for nursing care in women with infertility and to verify its reliability and validity. Methods: The 250 subjects in this study were women with infertility recruited from four hospitals. The scale was developed following the framework of DeVellis, through a literature review, in-depth interviews, development of preliminary items, verification of content validity, development of secondary items, verification of construct validity, and extraction of the final items. Date were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach’s alpha. Reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha, and validity was evaluated using item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and criterion validity. Results: The final version of the nursing care needs assessment scale for woman with infertility consisted of 18 items. Four factors (physical and psychological nursing care needs, needs for information regarding treatment, needs for infertility-related understanding and concern, and supportive needs) explained 66.0% of the total variance. Cronbach’s alpha was .92 for the overall instrument and ranged from .88 to .91 for the subscales. Conclusion: These results suggest that this needs assessment scale for nursing care in women with infertility demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability and contained items suitable for assessing the level of nursing care needed by women with infertility.
Prenatal nursing intervention studies published in Korean nursing journals: a scoping review
Authors: Kim Seo Yun , Kim Hae Won
Published: June 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe prenatal nursing intervention studies on pregnant women and their families published in Korean nursing journals to identify research trends and to analyze the characteristics of intervention studies.Methods: This scoping review was conducted using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. We identified a research question and searched six domestic electronic databases for relevant articles. Forty-five references that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were finally selected. We extracted the data using an analytic framework, and then collated and summarized the characteristics of the intervention studies.Results: The most frequently used research designs were non-randomized controlled trials (91.1%), and only a few studies applied a specific theoretical framework (26.1%). The participants were mainly pregnant women only (64.4%) during the third trimester (51.1%) of pregnancy. Prenatal education was the most common type of intervention (48.9%), followed by complementary therapy (37.8%) and psychosocial support programs (13.3%). The most commonly used outcome variables were drawn from the psychological domain (44.5%), although distinct types of outcome variables—especially from the psychological and physical domains—were used to measure the effectiveness of different types of prenatal interventions.Conclusion: This review suggests that further prenatal nursing intervention studies in Korea should expand the study participants to include pregnant women’s family members, high-risk and vulnerable groups, and women throughout entire pregnancy. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop integrative prenatal nursing interventions that promote family support and participation by facilitating partnerships among women, families, and nurses before, during, and after pregnancy.
Effects of a supportive program on uncertainty, anxiety, and maternal-fetal attachment in women with high-risk pregnancy
Authors: Kim Hyun Jin , Chun Nami
Published: June 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a supportive program on uncertainty, anxiety, and maternal-fetal attachment in high-risk pregnant women. Methods: The participants were 59 high-risk pregnant women admitted to the maternal-fetal intensive care unit. The control group (n=30) received usual treatment and antenatal care, while the experimental group (n=29) received an additional supportive program. Uncertainty, anxiety, and maternal-fetal attachment were measured in both groups prior to the intervention and at 3 days and 10 days (or at discharge) after the intervention. Data were analyzed with the t-test, chi-square test, repeated-measures analysis of covariance, and the Greenhouse-Geisser correction in SPSS version 23.0. Results: A supportive program including information provision, nutritional care, emotional care, and exercise care was developed and its effectiveness was tested. All variables except women’s length of stay were found to be homogeneous the between experimental and control groups in the pre-test. Length of stay was calculated as a covariate for testing hypotheses. There was a significant difference in state anxiety over time between the two groups, while there were no differences in uncertainty or maternal-fetal attachment. Conclusion: A supportive program was identified as an effective nursing intervention on state anxiety in high-risk pregnant women during their stay in the maternal-fetal intensive care unit. It is suggested that nurses could apply this program to alleviate high-risk pregnant women’s state anxiety, and that this program could be modified to be more effective on uncertainty and maternal-fetal attachment in high-risk pregnant women.
Immune Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy: A Rare Complication of Statin Therapy
Authors: Abusharar Shady Piedra , Moku Prashanth , Banks Sharon , Khalid Fahad M. , Specht Charles S. , Polimera Hyma V.
Published: June 2020

Immune mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is part of the inflammatory myopathies group of diseases and presents with muscle weakness, myalgias and elevated serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK). Statin-induced IMNM is a rare complication. We present a patient with IMNM secondary to simvastatin use. The patient presented with proximal myopathy, dysphagia, and elevated creatinine kinase levels, and was subsequently found to have anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) autoantibodies with a necrotizing process on muscle biopsy. This patient’s case was further complicated by sequelae of multiple disease processes, ultimately leading to deterioration of his health.
Tube-in-tube airway management in a patient with Montgomery T-tube in situ -a case report-
Authors: Peng Ling , Wei Wei
Published: June 2020

Background: Montgomery T-tube (MTT) is a useful airway device but is seldom used. Owing to its specific shape and structure, it is challenging for anesthesiologists to manage airway in patients with MTT in situ who require general anesthesia and continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV). Case: A 48-year-old 74-kg man with an MTT in situ was scheduled for local pancreatic resection under general anesthesia. We transorally inserted a cuffed endotracheal tube into the intratracheal limb of the MTT to achieve CPPV and to deliver the inhalation anesthetic. The endotracheal tube was removed successfully after the patient fully recovered from anesthesia. No tracheal injury or hemorrhage occurred after intubation or extubation, and the location of the MTT remained unchanged.Conclusions: Transoral insertion of a cuffed endotracheal tube into the intratracheal limb of the MTT could therefore be considered as a safe and feasible approach for airway management.
Bounds for the rank of the finite part of operator $K$-theory
Authors: Samurkaş Süleyman Kağan
Published: June 2020

We derive a lower and an upper bound for the rank of the finite part of operator

K

-theory groups of maximal and reduced

C^*

-algebras of finitely generated groups. The lower bound is based on the amount of polynomially growing conjugacy classes of finite order elements in the group. The upper bound is based on the amount of torsion elements in the group. We use the lower bound to give lower bounds for the structure group

S(M)

and the group of positive scalar curvature metrics

P(M)

for an oriented manifold

M

.

We define a class of groups called “polynomially full groups” for which the upper bound and the lower bound we derive are the same.We show that the class of polynomially full groups contains all virtually nilpotent groups. As example, we give explicit formulas for the ranks of the finite parts of operator

K

-theory groups for the finitely generated abelian groups, the symmetric groups and the dihedral groups.
Solutions to a system of equations for $C^m$ functions
Authors: Fefferman Charles , Luli Garving K.
Published: June 2020

Fix

m\geq 0

, and let

A=(A_{ij}(x))_{1 \leq i \leq N, 1\leq j \leq M}

be a matrix of semialgebraic functions on

\mathbb{R}^n

or on a compact subset

E \subset \mathbb{R}^n

. Given

f=(f_1,\ldots,f_N) \in C^\infty(\mathbb{R}^n, \mathbb{R}^N)

, we consider the following system of equations:

\sum_{j=1}^M A_{ij} (x) F_j (x) = f_i (x) \quad\text{for } i =1,\ldots, N.

In this paper, we give algorithms for computing a finite list of linear partial differential operators such that

AF=f

admits a

C^m(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{R}^M)

solution

F=(F_1,\ldots,F_M)

if and only if

f=(f_1,\ldots,f_N)

is annihilated by the linear partial differential operators.
Effect of thermal annealing on sensing properties of optical fiber sensors coated with indium tin oxide nano-overlays
Authors: Michalak Bartosz , Sezemský Petr , Stranak Vitezslav , Smietana Mateusz
Published: June 2020

In this work we discuss an effect of thermal annealing on optical and electrical properties of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films deposited on a short section of multimode polymer-clad silica (PCS) optical fiber core. ITO films were deposited using different configuration of high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) and radio frequency magnetron sputtering (RF MS) cathodes. Due to tuned ITO film thickness it was possible to observe for these structures a lossy-mode resonance (LMR) and trace changes in properties of the films. Electrical resistance of the ITO overlays was also measured. Both optical and electrical measurements were repeated after annealing at 200°C in a tube furnace and nitrogen atmosphere. The measurements have shown that thermal annealing changes optical response to external refractive index (RI) of the fiber sensor and also changes the ITO layer resistivity. As an effect of thermal annealing we observed a shift of the LMR towards longer wavelengths. In addition as a result of annealing, the resistivity of the ITO layer was reduced. Full Text: PDF ReferencesM. Sobaszek et al., "Optical monitoring of thin film electro-polymerization on surface of ITO-coated lossy-mode resonance sensor", Proc. SPIE, vol. 10323, pp. 103234W, 2017. CrossRef I. Del Villar et al., " Generation of lossy mode resonances by deposition of high-refractive-index coatings on uncladded multimode optical fibers", J. Opt., vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 95503, 2010. CrossRef M. Śmietana et al., "Simultaneous optical and electrochemical label-free biosensing with ITO-coated lossy-mode resonance sensor", Biosensors and Bioelectronics, vol. 154, pp. 112050, 2020. CrossRef P. Niedziałkowski et al., " Electrochemical performance of indium-tin-oxide-coated lossy-mode resonance optical fiber sensor", Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 301, no. 12, pp. 1-10, 2019. CrossRef V. Stranak et al., "Effect of mid-frequency discharge assistance on dual-high power impulse magnetron sputtering", Surface & Coatings Technology, vol. 206, no. 11-12. pp. 2801-2809, 2012. CrossRef I. Del Villar et al., "Design rules for lossy mode resonance based sensors", Appl. Opt., vol. 51, no. 19, pp. 4298-4307, 2012. CrossRef W. F. Wu and B. S. Chiou, "Effect of annealing on electrical and optical properties of RF magnetron sputtered indium tin oxide films", Appl. Surf. Sci., vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 497-504, 1993. CrossRef M. Smietana et al., "Optical Monitoring of Electrochemical Processes With ITO-Based Lossy-Mode Resonance Optical Fiber Sensor Applied as an Electrode", J. Light. Technol., vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 954-960, 2018. CrossRef M. Śmietana et al., "Study on Combined Optical and Electrochemical Analysis Using Indium‐tin‐oxide‐coated Optical Fiber Sensor", Electroanalysis, vol. 31, no.2, pp. 398-404, 2019. CrossRef
Hemşirelik Bölümü Öğrencileri İle Mühendislik Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Yaşlılığa İlişkin Görüşleri ve Yaşlılara Karşı Tutumları
Authors: ATASOY İşık
Published: June 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Hemşirelik bölümü
öğrencileri ile Mühendislik bölümü öğrencilerinin yaşlılığa yönelik
bilgi, tutum ve düşüncelerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Farklı bölümlerde okuyan öğrencilerle yaşlıya ilişkin
tutumlarına yönelik çalışmalar olmasına rağmen mühendislik bölümü
öğrencilerinin yaşlıya ilişkin tutumlarının belirlenmesi ile ilgili
araştırmalara rastlanmamıştır.  Sağlık
eğitimi almayan ve yaşlı bireyler ile hemşirelik öğrencilerine göre daha az
ilişki kuran bir bölüm olmaları nedeniyle mühendislik okuyan öğrenciler çalışma
kapsamına alınmıştır. Materyal
metod: 2017-2018 öğretim yılı güz dönemi bir üniversitenin Sağlık Bilimleri
Fakültesi Hemşirelik Bölümü ile Teknoloji Fakültesi Mühendislik bölümünde
okuyan 688 öğrenci ile yapıldı. Veri toplama aracı olarak literatür taranarak
oluşturulan 19 soruluk Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve 34 maddeden oluşan Duyan ve
Gelbal tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan Yaşlılara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği kullanıldı.
Veriler SPSS 16.0 programı ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya
katılan öğrencilerin %58’3’ü Hemşirelik, %41,7’si Mühendislik fakültesi öğrencisidir.
%79,7’si çekirdek aileye sahip, %21,8’i evlerinde yaşlı ile birlikte yaşamakta,
%70,3’ü yaşlılara bakım vereceğini düşünmekte, %43,8’inin yaşlıya hiç bakım
vermediği, %51,6’sı geriatri kavramını bilmekte, %80,5’i ailesi yaşlandığında
birlikte yaşamak istemekte, %92,7’sinin yaşlılık hakkında bilgilendirme
yapıldığında yaşlıları daha iyi anlayacakları görülmektedir. Hemşirelik ve mühendislik
bölümü öğrencilerinin Yaşlılara Yönelik Tutum ölçeği toplam puanlarında
istatistiksel olarak fark bulunmamıştır (z=-,195; p=0,846). Sonuç: Sağlık
eğitimi alan hemşirelik bölümü öğrencileri ile sağlık eğitimi almayan mühendislik
bölümü öğrencilerinin yaşlılara yönelik tutumları arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Öğrencinin cinsiyet, bölüm, sınıf, aile yapısı, mezun
olduğu okul, anne-babanın mezun olduğu okul, yaşadığı yer açısından, gruplar
arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı saptanmıştır
(p>0.05).
Yaşlı Bireylerin Geniş Aileden Kopuş Nedenleri ve Alternatif Yaşama Aranjmanlarına Dair Algıları: Gaziantep Örneği
Authors: SEVER Hasan
Published: June 2020

Modernleşme, endüstrileşme ve kentleşme ile beraber yaşanan demografik
değişmeler, sağlık alanında ilerlemeler ve azalan doğum oranları ile yaşlılık
olgusu dünya genelinde tüm toplumları ilgilendiren bir olguya dönüşmektedir. Bunu
yanı sıra, değişen ve dönüşen aile yapısı ve oluşan yeni yaşam kompozisyonları
yaşlılık durumunun toplumlar ve bireyler tarafından farklı biçimlerde
deneyimlenmesine yol açmıştır. Bu deneyimlerden biri tek başına yaşamak konusudur. Niteliksel
araştırma yöntemine dayanarak derinlemesine görüşmelerle gerçekleştirilen bu
çalışma, yaşlı bireylerin geniş aileden kopuş nedenlerini ve tek başına
yaşamaya alternatif olarak yeniden evliliği ve huzurevinde yaşamayı nasıl
değerlendirdiklerini incelemiştir. Bu kapsamda, çalışma Gaziantep ilinde, 65
yaş ve üstü, tek başına, kentte yaşayan, ciddi bir sağlık engeli bulunmayan ve
farklı sosyoekonomik düzeylere sahip 30 kişi ile yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışma,
yaşlı bireyler için tek başına yaşama aranjmanının geniş ailenin çözülüşünün
bir göstergesi olduğunu ve en ideal yaşam aranjmanının çocuklarına yakın tek
başına yaşamak olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Feeling Of Insecurity In Working And Non-Working Women Of Pakistan: A Comparative Study
Authors: Zeab Fareda , Ali Uzma
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the difference between feeling of insecurity in working and non-working women of Pakistan. It was hypothesized that “The working-women will score higher the non-working women on the variable of feelings of insecurity”. The sample of 250 (125 working, 125 non working) women, age range was between 28 years to 45 years (M =34.126; SD= 4.129) were selected from different organizations and areas of Karachi, Pakistan through purposive sampling technique. After taking the permission from authorities and informed consent from the participant demographic forms were filled then in order to measure the feeling of insecurity, Zeab Fareda’s Insecurity Scale (2011) was administered, individually. Descriptive statistics and t-test for independent mean were used to analyze the data through SPSS. It was concluded that working women are likely to have feeling of insecurity than non working women in Pakistan.
In Search of Identity: A Comparative Feminist Exploration of Muslim Female Sexuality in Ali’s Twilight in Delhi and Shahraz’s The Holy Woman
Authors: Chaudhary Fariha , Khushi Qamar
Published: June 2020

A critical exploration of Muslim female sexuality through the feminist analysis of the various female characters in Twilight in Delhi and The Holy Woman, by Ahmad Ali and Qaisra Shahraz respectively, is the central focus of this paper. Theoretical insights have been drawn from Islamic feminism and Postcolonial feminist scholarship for the contextual understanding of female sexuality. Focusing specifically on the issue of female sexuality and marriages, in both of the novels, this paper demonstrates that Muslim women in the postcolonial Pakistan seems to have gained a certain measure of agency as compared to the plight of women in the colonial milieu of Ali’s novel. However, examined closely, as this paper will highlight, women in both of the novels, still in certain ways, remain helpless victims of sexual victimization. This comparative analysis of novels based in two varied settings of colonial and post-colonial Muslim societies reveals that female sexuality remains a stifling point of contention which is predominantly controlled by men.
Gender Representation In Pakistani Print Media: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Ullah Hazir , Khan Ahsun Nisar , Khan Hifsa Nisar , Ibrahim Ammara
Published: June 2020

The key objective of this study was to examine the representations of men and women in print media in Pakistan. Gender role stereotyping and sexism in print media is not a low-profile gender issue as printed communication and contents still hold an important place in contemporary digital world. Keeping in view the importance of newspapers as the leading source of credible content/messages, this paper examined gender stereotyping and sexism in print media in Pakistan and attempted to highlight whether print media reproduces or challenges gender stereotypes and sexism? Keeping in view the complexity of sexism in print media, content and discourse analyses were performed on four widely read national news papers. The findings have been placed within the socio-cultural context of Pakistani society and feminists theories. The study’s findings indicated that print media in Pakistan reinforces gender stereotypes and provide little challenge to gender stereotyped imagery of males and females.
Insight Into The Lives Of Female Nurses In Lahore: An In Depth Analysis
Authors: Naz Lubna Karim , Rafique Umar
Published: June 2020

Present study aims to understand the life of female nurses working in public sector hospitals in Pakistan. An effort is being made to collect maximum amount of information about the nurses’ lives. This study is conducted in one of the largest public sector hospital in Lahore. Snowball sampling technique has been adopted for collecting data from the nurses. 20 in depth interviews have been conducted. This qualitative data has been analyzed by the Hesse-Biber & leavy (2006) technique for conducting a rigorous analysis of the data. Three categories were emerged in the collected data. Life at hospital, Societal Response toward nurses and views about government policies. Toughness of job, issues of harassment, low salaries, daunting respect and honor, Issues in marriage prospects, lack of any service structure were the common themes under these categories. This study has immense importance as it has added more in existing knowledge about the nurses’ lives. Present study reveals other issues of their lives as well other than harassment issues. Recommendations were being made to improve the lives of nurses.
Gender Discrimination – Prevailing State In Pakistan
Authors: Pervez Sara , Iraqi Khalid M
Published: June 2020

Gender inequality is defined as unequal or unjust treatment because of someone’s gender. Generally, females are the victims of such discrimination.. Inequality in terms of gender represents a significant social problem in Pakistan as well as throughout the world. The fact that women receive fewer privileges in terms of economic benefits and education has become a worldwide issue. Even in Pakistan there is a huge gender gap in terms of allocation of economic benefits and education. Not only that, females encounter discrimination in all other areas of life and face violence which has been mentioned in the study. The case study of different women has been used for this study. A sample size of 15 respondents was taken. A structured questionnaire of 23 questions was prepared. It was found that in Pakistan, the violence against women takes place in many forms such as honour killings, acid attacks, early marriages, human trafficking, rapes, sexual harassment at workplace etc. In addition to that, the Islamic concept of gender equality has been explained in order to examine the Islamic practices that take place in Pakistan in terms of gender equality. The data has been collected through secondary sources as well as primary including the interviews of the victims of gender violence, various research journals, scholarly articles, research papers etc
Educated Working Women and Their Work-Life Conflict and Work-Life Balance
Authors: Mahmood Munazza , Rizvi Syed Asad Abbas , Bibi Memoona
Published: June 2020

It is a fact that women are effectively supporting men in financial perspectives since ages but different problems such as attitude and prejudice of society members adversely affect the utilization of their talent and working abilities .The objectives of this study were to (a) find out the work life conflict and work-life balance of working women’ (b) explore up to what extent problems related to work-life conflict and work-life balance are affecting their work and family, (c) investigate the perceptions of working women to balance the work and family. A sample of 65 working women from different fields i.e. teachers, doctors and bankers was selected through stratified convenient sampling technique. Five Points Likert scale was used as instrument to collect data. Data were analysed by calculating Mean and presented in Bar Charts. On the basis of findings it is concluded that status of working women and work-life balance is affected by many problems including work-load, family support, harassment, fear and anxiety etc. It is recommended that proper check and balance, equal chance of decision making and security level of the working women in their work place might be maintained for work-life balance of working women.
Piece Work And Feminization Of Informal Economy: Case Study Of Cholistani Women
Authors: Hasan Rukhsana
Published: June 2020

It is an accepted reality that woman plays an important part in the economic growth of a society. It has been well documented that there has been a steady decline in the low paid formal sector jobs for women, while the prevalence of low paid informal sector jobs are on the rise. Women’s contribution in the production process as principal producer of food products and services along with reproducers and managers of labor power, is crucial for the existence and maintenance of a social structure. The gradual political and economic integration of pastoral community of Cholistan desert into larger national economies has stimulated distinct divisions based on access to wealth and other resources among Cholistani pastoral nomads. The study utilized qualitative research method to explore the experiences of women involved in piece work production, in order to examine how various gender related ideologies in the communities had relegated women to lower tiers of the paid economic activities. Results were based on the information obtained from 10 women home based workers, supplemented with a focus group discussion and the narratives of 2 representatives of shop keepers. On the basis of thematic analysis it was concluded that the sexual division of labor within the work force of Cholistani community was not created by market economy, but it did create a system in which pre-existing gender distinctions were reproduced in the wage labor system.
Socio-Cultural Determinants Affecting Political Participation And Satisfaction Of Women Councilors In Faisalabad
Authors: Nawaz Sadia , Maann Ashfaq Ahmed , Zafar Muhammad Iqbal
Published: June 2020

Women encountered various challenges in political participation such as social, cultural, political and economic that hinder their empowerment. Women wellbeing are attained on social, economic and cultural grounds when they were politically empowered. This current study deals with the socio-cultural determinants and women councilors satisfaction via political involvement during session 2008-2010. The researcher employed the quantitative approach and selected 352 women councilors via systematic sampling technique from three different levels of councils in district Faisalabad. In this study, 83% of the sample was drawn from union council, 8.5% from the town/tehsil and district council. The data were analyzed through SPSS version 20. The findings revealed that most of the women were politically participated in different developmental activities and having a membership of monitoring committee. Most women representatives frequently responded to community problems. However, they encountered obstacles like lack of funds, non-payment of honorarium, salary problem, freedom of choice, mobility and health problems, lack of financial authority, educational attainment, decision making disengagement, separate washroom and waiting room. Bivariate analysis conducted between socioeconomic background of women councilors and political participation. Results indicated that women were more politically groomed and have political opportunities such as affiliation with political parties, having close relatives in politics and having knowledge about Local Government ordinance were more incorporated in political participation. In crux, higher education, professional training, provision of honorarium and freedom of decision making enhance women participation in political activities.
Work-Life Conflict and Organizational Commitment: A Study Of Female Faculty In Higher Education
Authors: Shujaat Sobia , Tahir Iram , Baloch Akhtar
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on organizational commitment of female faculty at private universities in Karachi, Pakistan. To test association between the two variables, correlation was used. The results were further corroborated by the use of contingency table. The target population was permanently employed female faculty of private universities. The study was done through interviews and questionnaire survey. The method employed for this purpose wast-test of correlation and chi-square test of association. The study revealed that faculty members at private universities in Karachi had time-based conflict but they did not have strain-based and behaviour-based Conflict. The female faculty were committed to their organizations and the affective commitment showed higher result than continuance and normative commitment. The study reveals that there exists a weak association between two critical variables i.e. work-life conflicts and organizational commitment.
The Institution Of Purdah: A Feminist Perspective
Authors: Haque Riffat
Published: June 2020

Though purdah is associated with Islam and Muslim traditions, its origins can actually be traced to pre-Islamic times and other religions such as the Jewish, Christian, and also to non-religious sources of influence, such as to the Hellenic, and the Bedouin cultures. Most religious and cultural systems in the world endeavor to control men’s and women’s lives and activities in order to ensure the continuity of society, although the extent of control exercised over women varies from one culture or religion to another. The institution of purdah has religious and cultural origins and has implications for every aspect of women’s lives. The practice of purdah manifests in various forms: seclusion, forms of dress, and segregation of women in the society. Indeed purdah has had multiple and changing meanings throughout history, although gender issues have always been a part of its practice. The widespread research on Muslim women’s practice of purdah, confirms that there are multiple meanings of purdah which are influenced by internal and external factors in each country. Subsequent investigation is an attempt to trace the origins of purdah/veiling and its manifestation and intertwining impact on women’s lives.
What supports Females in Higher Education Progression? A Pakistani Public University Context
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Islam Muhammad , Amin Humera
Published: June 2020

The paper is focused on exploring the factors that support females’ progression in higher education. The mixed methods approach is taken to conduct the research, consequently the study falls in pragmatic paradigm. The structured questionnaire is used to collect quantitative data from 200 university female students, and semi-structured interview protocol is used to generate qualitative data from 15 female students of the same university. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) has been used to analyse quantitative data, whereas content analysis has been used to analyse qualitative data. The data highlight that literate parents, global trend of females’ acquisition of higher education, media, availability of jobs and scholarships are supportive factors in females’ progression in higher education. An interesting finding revealed from the data is that ‘Islamic Perspective’ of education is also considered as encouraging factor; generally in Pakistani societal context, especially in remote areas, people use ‘Islamic Perspective’ in a distorted way to restrict their girls from getting higher education.
The role of Sahabiyat in the perseverance of Islam and its importance for the guidance of today's women
Authors: Kafeel Shaista
Published: June 2020

Islam is the religion which has given a woman higher position and respect in every way, because a woman is a very important and basic part of the society, who plays a unique and vital role in the society and can nurture the generation in far better ways. A generation's proper education and nurturing is Islamic society's source for peace and prosperity. Not only does she up-brings the generation in the best possible way but she also helps in the development of momentary, social, educational and religious field. She plays her role by staying in her limits (which Allah and His Prophets have suggested). In unavoidable circumstances she can also go abreast with men in every way. The main reason for mentioning the achievements of the following 'Sahabeeyat' is that women should go through the life history of these 'Sahabeeyat' especially their education, religious, social and practical achievements and select the right path and think that where do they stand in their lives.