bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les caractéristiques démographiques et socioéconomiques sous-tendent-elles les différences d’initiation à l’usage du tabac chez les jeunes entre les provinces canadiennes? Données probantes tirées de l’Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes (2015-2018)
Authors: Gagné Thierry , Pelekanakis Annie , O’Loughlin Jennifer L.
Published: November 2022

Introduction

L’initiation à l’usage du tabac chez les jeunes peut créer des différences de prévalence du tabagisme entre les provinces canadiennes. On sait que les différences provinciales en matière d’initiation sont liées aux stratégies de lutte contre le tabagisme et au financement de la santé publique, mais elles ont également été attribuées aux caractéristiques de la population. Nous mettons cette hypothèse à l’épreuve en évaluant dans quelle mesure sept caractéristiques (immigration, langue, structure familiale, niveau d’études, revenu, accession à la propriété et statut d’étudiant) expliquent les différences d’initiation entre les provinces.

Méthodologie

Nous avons utilisé les données de 16 897 jeunes de 12 à 17 ans recueillies de 2015 à 2018 dans le cadre de l’Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes. Pour évaluer la proportion des différences provinciales expliquées par les caractéristiques de la population, nous avons comparé les effets marginaux moyens (EMM) partiellement et entièrement ajustés à partir de régressions du statut « avoir déjà été initié à l’usage du tabac » selon la province et d’autres caractéristiques. Nous avons également testé les interactions pour évaluer les différences dans l’association entre les caractéristiques de la population et l’initiation entre les provinces.

Résultats

La prévalence du statut d’initiation variait entre 4 % en Colombie-Britannique et 10 % au Québec. Les facteurs suivants ont été associés à l’initiation : le fait d’être né au Canada, de parler français, de ne pas vivre dans un ménage biparental, de se trouver dans le quintile de revenu du ménage le plus bas, d’avoir des parents sans études postsecondaires, de vivre dans un logement loué et de ne pas fréquenter l’école. Compte tenu de ces résultats, l’EMM de la résidence dans une autre province par rapport au Québec a été atténué de 3 % à 9 %. La structure familiale et le revenu du ménage étaient plus fortement associés à l’initiation dans la région de l’Atlantique et au Manitoba, mais pas au Québec.

Conclusion

Il est peu probable que les différences d’initiation entre le Québec et les autres provinces s’expliquent majoritairement par la composition démographique ou socioéconomique. La redéfinition des priorités en matière de lutte contre le tabagisme et de financement de la santé publique sera probablement essentielle pour atteindre l’objectif ultime de cessation du tabac dans toutes les provinces.
Classification of hazards. Point of view
Authors:   ", Sorocovschi Victor ,   Babeş-Bolyai",   University, Faculty of Geography, Cluj-Napoca
Published: November 2022

The classification of hazards is a necessity determined by the origin and the multitude of phenomena and processes approached in the study of risks, as well as by their location. The classification of hazards is very difficult due to the complexity of the underlying phenomena and the relationships at the level of geosystems. As a result, the first part of the paper analyses in detail the criteria for classifying hazards (genetic, typological phenomena, spatial, temporal, mode of manifestation, impact, effects produced, etc.), which allow the delimitation of types and subtypes. In the second part of the paper, starting from the mentioned criteria, we proceed to the classification of hazards.
Existence of a bounded variation solution of a nonlinear integral equation in L1(R+)
Authors: El-Sayed Wagdy , El-Rahman Ragab O. Abd , El-Salam Sheren A. Abd , El Shahawy Asmaa
Published: November 2022

In this paper we study the existence of a unique solution of a nonlinear integral equation in the space of bounded variation on an unbounded interval by using measure of noncompactness and Darbo fixed point theorem.
Oil-based compounding flavors more accepted by feline patients
Authors: Nichelason Amy E. , Schultz Kelly K. , Bernard Alyssa J. , Caviness Juliet E. , Alvarez Elizabeth E.
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the voluntary acceptance of 10 commercially available compounding flavors in cats.

ANIMALS

46 healthy cats between 1 and 12 years of age.

PROCEDURES

Each cat underwent a 14-day study period consisting of a 4-day acclimation period followed by a 10-day trial period in which each cat was randomly offered 10 different compounding flavors. Owners completed a presurvey along with a daily observation logbook. Kits, including residual amounts of flavors, were returned and weighed to determine residual weight and calculate the amount ingested.

RESULTS

Overall, cats did not voluntarily accept most of the compounding flavors; 58.8% (124/211) and 84.5% (267/311) of offered samples of oil-based and water-based compounding flavors, respectively, were rejected or minimally accepted. Cats were significantly (P < .001) more likely to accept oil-based flavors, compared to water-based flavors. The sweet water-based flavors were least accepted, compared to water-based control and water-based savory flavors (P = .040 and P < .001, respectively). Owner-perceived acceptance was moderately correlated with residual flavor weights (Kendall tau [τ] = –0.466; P < .001). Owners were not able to accurately predict which flavors their cats would accept.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Cats should be offered oil-based compounding flavorings when available, whereas water-based sweet flavorings should be avoided. Owner perception of acceptance is a valid metric to assess flavor acceptance, which can be used in future studies evaluating flavor acceptance. Owners may not accurately predict their cats’ flavor preferences, limiting their ability to guide optimal flavor selection.
Dairy production sustainability through a one-health lens
Authors: Nguyen Blake T. , Briggs Kaitlyn R. , Nydam Daryl V.
Published: November 2022

Dairy production provides high-quality, healthful nutrients to people on a planet soon to be inhabited by over 9 billion people. In doing so, it is ever more important to continuously improve the care of dairy animals, safeguard the environment we all share, and reliably produce nutritious food while maintaining the economic viability of the people working in dairy agriculture. In this paper, we review some associations between dairy consumption and human health along with the many interconnections between people, dairy animals, plants, and our shared environment. Understanding these relationships is an example of one health at work. In the US, total dairy consumption is at its highest point in the last 50 years, while many objective measures of cow health (eg, subclinical mastitis) have never been better since they have been recorded. Further, indications of food safety such as violative antibiotic residues in milk have never been lower. Dairy foods provide essential nutrients such as protein, vitamin B12, and calcium, while there is also evidence that they are protective against chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease. Finally, the environmental footprint of dairy production in the US, as measured by metrics such as carbon dioxide–equivalent emissions intensity per unit of dairy nutrient, is the lowest it has ever been. The companion Currents in One Health by Nguyen et al, AJVR, January 2023, discusses some additional animal welfare and environmental impact implications of modern dairy production management in detail.
Implementation of Learning of Vocal Processing Techniques Using The NHT Model in SD Negeri 10 Lut Tawar Aceh Central
Authors: Fitri Aida , Fitriani Suci
Published: November 2022

The learning model is a plan or pattern that can be used to desaign learning, materials, and guide learning the classroom. This study aims to describe the implementation of vocal technique learning using the NHT model fourth grade of SD Negeri 10 central Aceh. This research approach is qualitative with descriptive type. Data collection techniques by observation, interviews. Data analysis technique is done by data reduction, data presentation, data verification. Based on research data that the implementation of learning technique using the NHT model has been going well. The use of the NHT model when learning motivates students in learning vocals processing techniques. Students are divided in to several groups and given assignments as ccording to initials or number. Each groups completes its task and presents the result of the task. They can also demonstrate in the form of singing practise by applying the corect vocal techniques. Keywords:  Learning, NHT Model, Vocal Processing
Pengaruh Motivasi Akademik terhadap Prestasi Matematika Siswa Di SDN 1 Mata Ie Aceh Besar
Authors: Darma Darma , Vitoria Linda , Mislinawati Mislinawati
Published: November 2022

In learning mathematics, it appears that students are less enthusiastic in participating in learning and their scores are low. This study aims to determine whether there is a significant influence of academic motivation on mathematics achievement at SDN 1 Mata Ie Aceh Besar. This research is a study that looks at the level of students' academic motivation through a scale of elementary students' mathematics learning motivation. The population in this study were all students in grades IV, V, and VI at SDN 1 Mata Ie Aceh Besar totaling 81 students and the samples were taken using a stratified random sampling technique where from each class 10 students were taken randomly, namely 5 students whose scores reached KKM and 5 students whose scores have not reached the KKM so that the total sample in this study amounted to 30 students. Data collection is done in two ways, namely by looking at the scores of students' academic motivation and the value of student report cards, especially in learning mathematics. To see the significant effect of academic motivation on students' mathematical achievement, the product moment correlation test and the F test at a significant level of 0.05 were used. From the results of data analysis, the value of Fcount = 3.029 and Ftable = 2.052, namely Fcount Ftable. Thus HO is rejected, so Ha is accepted and it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of academic motivation on mathematics achievement at SDN 1 Mata Ie Aceh Besar.
THE SAGA OF INCOME INEQUALITY:

A THREEFOLD PROBLEM
AND AN UNFOLDING SOLUTION?
Authors: DIACONESCU IOANA CĂTĂLINA , BĂLĂNICĂ SEBASTIAN
Published: November 2022

Income and wealth disparity are some of the defining problems of our time. In
sophisticated economies, the wealth gap between the rich and the poor is at an all-time
high. Inequality developments in emerging markets and developing nations have varied,
with some countries experiencing declining inequality while others continue to experience
entrenched disparities in access to education, health care, and finance. The gap between
the rich and the poor is expanding not only in affluent societies. Although emerging
countries have achieved enormous progress in eradicating poverty in recent years,
economic inequality has still risen in some of them. In certain Asian economic
powerhouses, for instance, income gaps have widened. This phenomenon has also spread
to Sub-Saharan Africa and a few South American countries. In both industrialized and
developing countries, income disparity is merely one component of larger economic and
social imbalances. What is not clear is the answer that will solve this problem once and for
all. The major pressure that the Covid-19 pandemic has put on our welfare systems, as
well as the potential contribution of artificial intelligence to increasing inequality have
given new relevance to the demand for a universal allowance scheme. It is in this setting
that we intend to examine, firstly, the ethical foundations of Universal Basic Income (UBI);
secondly, the benefits and issues of a basic income scheme, both at the level of the
concept of equality and — as much as possible — from an empirical standpoint; thirdly,
the two essential aspects which must be tackled before an UBI is implemented, namely
generational wealth and taxation.
CALITATEA ANTREPRENORIATULUI
ÎN ROMÂNIA: O ANALIZĂ

A COMPORTAMENTELOR ANTREPRENORIALE
DIN PERSPECTIVĂ PRAXEOLOGICĂ
Authors: BUŞINSCHI FRANCISCA
Published: November 2022

Within an economy, entrepreneurship is a ubiquitous aspect of human action. Productive,
unproductive or destructive entrepreneurship can be stimulated based on the perceived or
expected rewards, and according to the rules of the game. This paper presents an analysis
of how institutions increase entrepreneurial performance and create an advantageous
environment for the development of activities that contribute to the well-being of society.
The aim of this paper is to present an image of the quality of the entrepreneurial
environment in Romania, by exposing entrepreneurial behaviours in the context of the
elements that describe the institutional framework in which entrepreneurs act. Every
entrepreneur intentionally adopts a certain type of goal-oriented behaviour and
consciously, deliberately and rationally chooses the most effective means to achieve them.
Institutions are those that directly influence the evolution and performance of the
entrepreneurial environment, facilitating the success and the way in which the actions of
entrepreneurs are coordinated.
The philosophy of international law of Modern Scholasticism:
the theory of just war
Authors: VALATKA Vytis , ASAKAVIČIŪTĖ Vaida
Published: November 2022

This article analyzes the philosophy of international law of the Second, or Modern
Scholasticism. The author of the article concentrates on the just war theory mainly developed
by Francisco de Vitoria and Francisco Suarez. The objectives of the article are to clarify and
classify the main principles of the above-mentioned theory as well as to grasp its relevance
nowadays. In order to achieve these objectives doxographical, analytical as well as
hermeneutical methods are applied. Based on them, the principles and rules of just war are
divided into two fundamental types. The article comes to conclusion that these types
correspond to the parts of contemporary just war theory entitled as jus ad bellum and jus in
bello. Another significant conclusion is that the vast majority of the principles of just war
presented in Modern Scholasticism (e.g. just cause of the war, adversary’s warning of
intended offensive actions, the inviolability of ambassadors and peaceful population,
prohibition on killing prisoners of war and hostages, the compliance of reparations with the
damage caused before and during the war, the illegality of religious and confessional wars)
are also relevant nowadays.
The legal nature of the public administrator’s management contract
in Romania.
Aspects of comparative law
Authors: HRESTIC Maria-Luiza , IVANOFF Ivan Vasile
Published: November 2022

Public administrator is a new function, which was introduced into the Romanian
legislation by the Law no. 286/2006 amending and supplementing Law no. 215/2001; the
management contract, under which public administrators carry out their responsibilities, is
not defined either by legislation or by doctrine, because there are various opinions in the
specialty literature ranging from its qualification as a labour contract to the civil nature of
this legal relationship. In this article, we try to provide a basis for the administrative
contract view about the management contract concluded between a public administrator
and the public executive authority within an administrative territorial unit.
Evaluasi lanskap jalur sepeda di Kawasan Niti Mandala Kota Denpasar, Provinsi Bali
Authors: Ashari Yogi , Asmiyati I Gusti Agung Ayu Rai , Sugianthara Anak Agung Gede
Published: November 2022

The activity of cycling tends to reduce in Indonesia nowadays. It may be caused by the lack of adequate space and facility provided as well as the low maintenance of the existing bicycle facilities. This phenomenon can be seen in the area of Niti Mandala, Denpasar, Bali which already being provided by bicycle lane. This study aims to identify the existing condition of bicycle paths and to evaluate the landscape bicycle path in the Niti Mandala. This study used surveys and data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and literature study. An analysis of SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunity, Threat) was used to further quantify and improve the quality of the collected data. The main strategy analysis resulted improvements of the existing bicycle line was mainly important. It was also suggested routinely remark the bicycle line and the provision of the bike on bus program to support the sustainability of the bicycle landscape and the go green program of Denpasar City.
Studi potensi wisata situs bersejarah di Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Triani Anggi , Yusiana Lury Sevita , Bawono Rochtri Agung
Published: November 2022

Tulungagung Regency is located near Mojokerto Regency which is the center of the Majapahit Kingdom. This makes it a historical heritage with very diverse historical values. There are six historical sites and one historical museum located in the southern mountainous area of ??Tulungagung Regency. The lack of visits and acts of vandalism by tourists are the problems faced here. Tourist attraction is the potential that drives the presence of tourists to a tourist destination. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct a study on the potential of historical tourism which consists of historical aspects and aspects of tourist attraction of each historical tourism unit, so that it can be used to attract tourist visits and increase awareness of preservation of the historic tourism unit. The stages of this research study are the preparation, inventory, analysis, and synthesis stages. The method of data collection was done through field observations, interviews, and literature studies. The results of this research study the assessment of tourist attractions and the value of the feasibility index. The advice given is a recommendation for a development program for historic tourism units which are considered to be lacking.
The Influence of the Magnetic Field on the Plasma Characteristics in Hollow Electrodes Discharge System
Authors: Kadhim Murad M. , Abbas Qusay A.
Published: November 2022

This work is an experimental study about the effects of gas pressure and magnetic field on plasma characteristics produced in an internal hollow electrodes discharge (HED) system. The results show that the breakdown voltage values increase with increasing the working pressure (especially with the presence of a magnetic field). The breakdown voltage depends on the p.d. product, where p is the gas pressure and d is the distance between the electrodes. While the values of current discharge decrease with the increase of the working pressure. The temperature of electron and the number density of electron are calculated from the Boltzmann method and the broadening of Stark, respectively. The results showed that the electron number density ( ) and plasma frequency ( ) increase with increasing the gas pressure, especially with the presence of a magnetic field, i.e. the plasma is more stable with the presence of magnetic field. While the electron temperature ( ) and Debye length ( ) decrease with increasing the gas pressure.
A Single Layer of Chromium Oxide Nanoparticles Films Coated with Carbon by Applying Exploding Wire Technique for Efficient Solar Selective Absorber
Authors: Abdullah Sawsan H. , Humud Hammad R. , Mustafa Falah. I.
Published: November 2022

The efficiency of solar energy absorption in solar heaters is increased by the use of selective absorption coating that possesses high absorption of solar radiation in the UV-visible spectrum as well as low emission at the operating temperature in the infrared region. In this work, novel selective coatings were synthesized by improving the selectivity of chromium oxide (Cr2O3) nanoparticles by doping with carbon nanoparticles using the exploding wire technique for carbon rods by high current in suspended Cr2O3 particles. The structural properties and surface topography were studied by XRD and FE-SEM, which illustrate the carbon-coated Cr2O3 nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles were mixed with a support material, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a matrix, for use as a selective coating for three metals, namely copper, aluminium and stainless steel (SST). Reflectivity measurements were performed within the UV-Visible spectrum to calculate the absorption of solar radiation using numerical integration. The reflectivity was also measured in the range from 2.5 to 25 μm to calculate the thermal emission of the solar heater within the proposed operating temperature of 373 K. The measurements showed good efficiency of using the produced material as a selective coating which was prepared in a simple way compared to conventional methods. The best sample with efficient absorptance (α) for solar spectrum and of lowest emittance (ε) in IR region was for Al substrate coated by Cr2O3:C:PVP  of α =0.886 and ε= 0.260.
Study and Evaluation of Rock Wool Board by using PVA/PU as a Polymer Blend Binder
Authors: Mohammed Moayad Abdullah , Jaber Mohammed Ali , Al-Maamouri Abbas Fadel Essa
Published: November 2022

The Rock Wool Board (RWB) is widely used in the building exterior insulation all over world. As polymer affects hardening of plate, meaning it acted as a basic binder in this work and gave a smooth texture, ease of carrying and workmanship in different sizes and shapes. PVA was studied at the rates of PVA %4, %5, %6.66, %10, %20, results showed that 6.66% is the best percentage, through tensile and bending tests, this percentage was use with polyurethane with rates of PU 1, 0.5, 0.333, 0.25, 0.2 It is found that the ratio 0.333 is the best ratio to give good mechanical properties of bending, tensile and elongation. This percentage was fixed on different percentages of polymer (PU/PVA) as %2.5, %5, %10, %15, %20 and examinations were performed on these percentages and percentage %10 was best, this percentage was adopted. Another study in change of the rock wool with rates of %5, %7.5, %10, %12.5, where it was found that best percentage of the rock wool is 12.5% ​​after studying mechanical and physical properties.
Optical and Structural Properties of Cobalt Nanoparticles Synthesized by Laser Ablation
Authors: Jasim Awatif Sabir , Aadim Kadhim A. , Rashid Sahar Naji
Published: November 2022

Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique can produce high purity nanoparticles, it is a top-down physical method based on the principle of dividing metal ion bulk precursors into metal atoms, this method was used in this work to synthesis cobalt nanoparticals (CoPNs) with the use of Nd: YAG laser with two wavelengths (355 nm) and (532 nm) at energies (500 mJ) and (600 mJ) respectively, with number of pulses (1000,1100, 1200, 1300, and 1400) for each wavelength. The properties of the prepared nanoparticles were studied by UV-Vis, XRD, SEM with EDX, AFM, and FTIR analysis and then its antibacterial activity was studied by applying it on two types of bacteria with gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans) and two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) isolated from the oral cavity. The findings showed that CoNPs prepared using the PLAL approach have antibacterial activity and could be employed to kill hazardous and pathogenic bacteria.
Assessment of Monocyte Chemo-Attractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) and Other Biochemical Parameters in Iraqi Pregnant Women
Authors: Ali Israa T. , Haddad Namir I. A. , Hussein Ekhlas A.
Published: November 2022

The monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. It controls the passage and infiltration of monocytes, macrophages, natural killers, and T cells into the sites of inflammation. The aim of this study is to inspect the role of MCP-1 in maternal metabolic, physiological changes and pregnancy complications like gestational diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension to develop pharmaceutical strategies for these complications. This study included ninety Iraqi women divided into three groups: thirty pregnant women in their first trimester as the P1 group; thirty pregnant women in their third trimester as the P2 group; and thirty healthy non-pregnant women as the control or C group. Serum concentrations of MCP-1 were analyzed by the ELISA technique (sandwich principle). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting serum insulin (FSI), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, systolic, diastolic blood pressure, liver function enzymes ALT, AST and anthropometric parameters were measured. Our results revealed that serum MCP-1 significantly declined in the first trimester (P1) compared to the C group (p<0.05) and non-significantly declined in the third trimester (P2) compared to that in the C group, while there was a significant difference in serum MCP-1 between the P1 and P2 groups (p<0.05 ). Serum CRP showed a highly significant increase in the P1 and P2 groups compared to the C group at (p<0.01). There is a highly significant difference between the P1 and P2 groups (p<0.01). Serum MCP-1 had a significant positive correlation with body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF %), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the P2 group (p<0.05). No significant differences in FPG or HbA1C were found between all the studied groups. Lipid parameters: TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL showed a highly significant increase in the P2 group compared to the C and P1 groups (p<0.01). HDL showed a highly significant decrease in the P2 group compared to the C group (p<0.01), while it was only significantly decreased in the P2 group compared to the P1 group (p<0.05). Depending on these results, we found that serum MCP-1 declines in pregnancy, the BMI, BF%, and the contractile arterial blood pressure (SBP) have a positive correlation with MCP-1 in late pregnancy, and the inflammation marker (CRP) has an independent association with MCP-1 in early gestation.
Strong Differential Sandwich Results for Analytic Functions Associated with Wanas Differential Operator
Authors: Lafta Mohammed Hadi , Wanas Abbas Kareem
Published: November 2022

In this article, we introduce and study two new families of analytic functions by using strong differential subordinations and superordinations associated with Wanas differential operator/. We also give and establish some important properties of these families.
Ensemble Approach for Detecting COVID-19 Propaganda on Online Social Networks
Authors: Khanday Akib Mohi Ud Din , Khan Qamar Rayees , Rabani Syed Tanzeel
Published: November 2022

COVID-19 affected the entire world due to the unavailability of the vaccine. The social distancing was a contributing factor that gave rise to the usage of Online Social Networks. It has been seen that people share the information that comes to them without verifying its source . One of the common forms of information that is disseminated that have a radical purpose is propaganda. Propaganda is organized and conscious method of molding conclusions and impacting an individual's contemplations to accomplish the ideal aim of proselytizer. For this paper, different propagandistic tweets were shared in the COVID-19 Era. Data regarding COVID-19 propaganda was extracted from Twitter. Labelling of data was performed manually using different propaganda identification techniques  and Hybrid feature engineering was used to select the essential features. Ensemble machine learning classifiers were used for performing the binary classification. Adaboost shows an accuracy of 98.7%, which learns from a weak learning algorithm by updating the weights.
Medical Ultrasound Image Quality Enhancement and Regions Segmentation
Authors: Al-jaburi Ayat Ali , AL-sudani Ahlam Hanoon
Published: November 2022

Medical Ultrasound (US) has many features that make it widely used in the world. These features are safety, availability and low cost. However, despite these features, the ultrasound suffers from problems. These problems are speckle noise and artifacts. In this paper, a new method is proposed to improve US images by removing speckle noise and reducing artifacts to enhance the contrast of the image. The proposed method involves algorithms for image preprocessing and segmentation. A median filter is used to smooth the image in the pre-processing. Additionally, to obtain best results, applying median filter with different kernel values. We take the better output of the median filter and feed it into the Gaussian filter, which then feeds the output of the Gaussian filter into histogram equalization to improve image visualization. The segmentation is done by thresholding and region growing segmentation. The value of threshold 128 was found to be better after we tested many values of thresholding. This value of thresholding combined with region growing gave accurate result segmentation of images. This paper demonstrates how image noise, artifacts and techniques were used effectively to improve image quality, and the analysis of performance of various techniques.
Proposed Hybrid Technique in Cryptanalysis of Cryptosystem Based on PSO and SA
Authors: Jawad Riyam Noori
Published: November 2022

Modern ciphers are one of the more difficult to break cipher systems because these ciphers high security, high speed, non - propagation error and difficulty in breaking it. One of the most important weaknesses of stream cipher is a matching or correlation between the output key-stream and the output of shift registers.
     This work considers new investigation methods for cryptanalysis stream cipher using ciphertext only attack depending on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for the automatic extraction for the key. It also introduces a cryptanalysis system based on PSO with suggestion for enhancement of the performance of PSO, by using Simulated Annealing (SA). Additionally, it presents a comparison for the cryptanalysis system results that were obtained by the proposed technique, which is called Modified PSO (MPSO) with classical PSO and GA. These algorithms can be used for reducing the number of attempts or trials of key space, which are needed to reach to the optimal solution (the exact initial setting of Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR)),and increase the speed of the search process to find the best solution. Based on the obtained results, these algorithms were shown to be effective at finding the optimal solution and the MPSO method operates better compared with PSO in the term of time and accuracy. Well known stream cipher systems were attacked by the two soft computing methods as the cases of study, which are Geffe , Brȕer and Shrinking stream cipher systems.
Evaluation of the Annual Correlations between Different Solar-Ionospheric Indices During Solar Cycles 23 and 24
Authors: Garee Huda S. , Hadi Khalid A.
Published: November 2022

In this work, the annual behavior and cross-correlation between three different solar-ionospheric indices were evaluated: Smoothed Sunspot Number (SSN), Ionospheric T-Index (T-index), and Solar Flux (F10.7 cm) index during solar cycles 23 and 24. The annual behavior for the three tested indices of the maximum and minimum years of the two solar cycles was studied. The correlative conducts between the studied indices were evaluated for the studied periods (1996-2008) and (2008-2019) of the 23rd and 24th solar cycles. The annual correlation between the studied indices was represented by the linear regression equation. The suggested mutual correlation equation gave a good agreement with the observed annual average values of the tested indices. The statistical calculation results of the calculated datasets of the tested indices showed very good results for all statistical parameters. The evaluation of the annual correlations between tested solar-ionospheric indices showed that the tested indices are mutually and linearly correlated to each other and can be predicted reciprocally depending on the suggested mathematical correlated equations.
The Effects of Combined toxicity of Silver and Silicon Nanoparticles on Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Male Albino Mice
Authors: Falah Zahraa , Rabee Adel M.
Published: November 2022

In this study, the potential combined effects of silver (AgNPs) and silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) on male albino mice which were exposed intraperitoneally to the 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg and mixed concentrations of nanoparticles (NPs) for periods of 2 and 4 weeks, were evaluated. The evaluation was performed by examining the haematological and biochemical parameters, in addition to the bioaccumulation of NPs in the liver and kidney. The results showed that the platelets count significantly increased in all exposed groups, while red blood cell count (RBCs) decreased in most exposed groups. White blood cells (WBCs) and haemoglobin (Hb) showed different levels in the exposed groups. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels also showed a significant increase in the exposed groups, except in the groups exposed to 100 mg/kg of NPs for 2 weeks. Whereas  blood urea nitrogen) BUN) serum level showed a significant decrease in all exposed groups. However, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP), uric acid (UA) and creatinine (CR) levels did not show any significant alternations in the exposed groups. Significant increase was also noted in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels among the exposed groups. An accumulation of AgNPs and SiO2NPs was observed both in livers and kidneys in the exposed groups. The results showed that SiO2NPs have a synergistic effect on AgNPs accumulation in the groups exposed to mixed nanoparticles.
Molecular Investigation of Some Beta-lactamase Genes by PCR and DNA Sequencing Techniques in clinical Escherichia coli
Authors: AL-Lami Rana AH , Al-Hayanni Huda S. A. , Shehab Zina Hashem
Published: November 2022

In this study, out of 50 isolates of some nosocomial infections from some Baghdad hospitals, only 13 (26%) were identified as Escherichia coli. Depending on selective media, morphological and biochemical tests the species was then confirmed by molecular methods. Later on  antimicrobial resistance test was performed by the Kirby-Bauer method. The molecular characterization of blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes in different clinical isolates of E. coli was done through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by utilizing special primers. These genes were positive to only 4 (30.7%) isolates. The sequence of nucleotides of positive genes was carried out for four isolates. The results showed that there was no variance in the nucleotide sequence between Iraqi isolates compared with the global isolates, and that they were 100% identical to many genera of Enterobacteriaceae. Finally, due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, these genes in human strains were likely the source of widespread drug resistance.
Using Sequencing Technique for Diagnostic Different Species of Genus Rhizobium Which Isolated from Legume Plants
Authors: Al-Barhawee Najwa Ibrahim Khaleel , Ahmed Jasim M.Y.
Published: November 2022

Samples of the root nodules were collected to isolate different species of the genus Rhizobium from several leguminous plants; Trigonella  foenum-graecum, Medicago sativa, Lens culinaris, Vigna mungo, Vicia faba,  Phaseolus vulgaris, and Cicer arietinum, and based on their morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics, in addition to the identification of each isolate at the species level by amplified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and using the sequencing of the nitrogenous bases of the 16S rRNA gene, it was identified as Sinrhizobium meliloti, Sinrhizobium meliloti, Bradyrhizobium elkanii, Rhizobium leguminosarium biovar viciae, Rhizobium leguminosarium biovar phaseoli and Mesorhizobium cicero, respectively, (with the exception of bacteria isolated from Lens culinaris) it showed an agreement with the GenBank isolates with percentages ranging between (96-98) percent, as well as drawing the phylogenetic tree to determine the extent of evolution between these isolates and their convergence in the original with the international standard isolates.
Cancer at Sims Creek
Authors: Penner Aileen
Published: November 2022

A man I knew, John Clarke, who lived much of his life on the Coast Mountains trekking through ancient forest died in January 2003 of brain cancer. Now in Toronto, I received an email from my friend in Vancouver announcing his death. Immediately memories flood back about the Witness weekend I spent last summer with John and others at Sims Creek.
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Authors: Rear Peter
Published: November 2022

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Still Breathing
Authors: Sanders Heidi
Published: November 2022

I am an artifact in this womb of the earth lungs blind to airsearching memories to find my gills
Discard
Authors: Abel Karen
Published: November 2022

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PELATIHAN PEMBUKUAN KEUANGAN DI YAYASAN SUMATRA VOLUNTEER DI JORONG BALAI LABUAH BAWAH KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR
Authors: Marlina Winny Alna , Novani Nefy Puteri , Handoko Handoko
Published: November 2022

Yayasan Sumatra Volunteer didirikan tahun 2014. Salah satu program dari Yayasan adalah memberikan pendidikan Bahasa Inggris gratis untuk anak-anak, pemuda dan masyarakat. Lokasi Yayasan di Jorong Balai Labuah Bawah-Lima Kaum, Tanah Datar. Untuk membiayai kegiatan operasional Yayasan, maka Sumatra Volunteer menjual produk-produk dari bambu seperti sedotan (Sumatra Straws), tempat makan dari batok kelapa, souvenir dari bambu dan kerajinan. Sistem penjualan masih bersifat konvensional berupa mulut ke mulut mulai dari teman ke teman, kemudian mahasiswa kampus dan dibantu alumni mahasiswa dan mahasiswa magang di Yayasan Sumatra Volunteer. Pencatatan Keuangan masih tercampur dengan keuangan pribadi dan belum adanya laporan keuangan seperti data penjualan, data pembelian, data persediaan. Tujuan diadakan kegiatan untuk mengembangkan usaha kerajinan produk di Yayasan Sumatra Volunteer untuk hilirisasi produk dari bambu agar Yayasan mandiri dari segi keuangan. Metode dan tahapan pelaksanaan kegiatan berupa pelatihan dan demonstrasi pembuatan laporan keuangan kepada mitra secara langsung, pembuatan website dan pengadaan barang. Kegiatan dilaksanakan tanggal 9 Oktober 2021 dengan tema pelatihan pembukuaan sederhana. Dalam kegiatan pemateri menstransfer ilmu tentang laporan keuangan kemudian pemilik Yayasan langsung praktek dengan menggunakan software. Hasil dari kegiatan berupa software keuangan yang diberikan kepada Yayasan untuk memudahkan dalam pembukuan keuangan. Software keuangan berisi data laba rugi, arus kas, data pemasukan, data persediaan. Dengan pelatihan keuangan maka Yayasan dapat memisahkan laporan keuangan pribadi dengan Yayasan sehingga dapat mengetahui transaksi keuangan di Yayasan. Kesimpulan kegiatan bermanfaat bagi Yayasan dan kegiatan yang akan datang berupa pengurusan legalitas dari usaha.
EDUKASI LITERASI KESEHATAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH YANG DILAKSANAKAN DI TPQ AL JADID KARANG GANTING KECAMATAN KURANJI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Sidaria Sidaria , Murni Dewi , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah
Published: November 2022

Penyelenggaraan pendidikan di Kota Padang sudah dilakukan dengan daring dan tatap muka termasuk pada jenjang pendidikan sekolah dasar. Pembelajaran tatap muka beresiko tinggi terhadap penularan COVID-19. Untuk itu protokol kesehatan pencegahan COVID-19 menjadi sangat penting yang harus diterapkan oleh siswa dan pihak sekolah. Dari hasil pengamatan siswa sekolah dasar di SDN 21 Lubuk Lintah Kecamatan Kuranji masih belum mematuhi protokol kesehatan seperti cuci tangan, menjaga jarak dengan teman dan masker yang sering tergantung dileher Untuk meningkatkan perilaku siswa melaksanakan protokol kesehatan dapat dilakukan dengan health literacy. Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak usia sekolah tentang pentingnya menerapkan protokol kesehatan pencegahan COVID-19 serta menerapkan protokol kesehatan pencegahan COVID-19 di sekolah maupun di luar lingkungan sekolah. Kegiatan dilakukan di TPQ Masjid Al Jadid Karang Ganting Kecamatan Kuranji dikarenakan belum ada kejelasan kapan akan dilakukan pembelajaran tatap muka setelah pembelajaran kembali dilakukan secara daring. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan pendekatan health literacy yaitu dengan pemberian materi tentang COVID-19 dan protokol kesehatan pencegahan COVID-19 kepada 50 siswa, mendemonstrasikan pelaksanaan protokol kesehatan dan memotivasi siswa untuk menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Kegiatan dilanjutkan dengan penyerahan masker, hand sanitizer, sabun cuci tangan kepada Kepala TPQ masjid Al Jadid dan menempelkan poster cara cuci tangan dan poster protokol kesehatan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan perilaku melaksanakan protokol pada saat pre-test dan post-test. Saran untuk pihak sekolah dan pihak TPQ agar terus memotivasi siswa untuk melakukan protokol kesehatan dan memonitor pelaksanaan protokol kesehatan.
قصدية ومقصدية الخطاب الاعلامي في شعر ابي حيان الاندلسي
Authors: Ali Hassan Fatima Haider
Published: November 2022

لابي حيان أثير الدين محمد بن يوسف الجياني الغرناطي النفزي الأندلسي ت(654- 753 هـ) علم ثرّ واطلاع واسع تجاوز عدد مؤلفاته الخمسة والستين كتابا تنوعت علومها بين التفسير والفقه والنحو والصرف …. الخ، وله ديوان شعرٍ تنوع الخِطاب فيه على وفق لغته واهدافه فكان خطابه اعلاميا ابلاغيا يعتمد لغة شعرية بتشكيلٍ خاص بأغراضه وبؤرة القصد فيها ليبدع خطابا اعلاميا ادبيا غايته تسليط الضوء على المرسل والرسالة واثرها في المتلقي، من ثَمَّ تراءت الاسلوبية بمحدداتها من (تناص وانزياح وتخييل …) لتظهر معايير الابداع الفني بأسس بلاغية قامت على وعي تام من المبدع بسطوة المرجعية على المرسل والمتلقي والنص وهيمنتها على الواقع لتمنح التشكيل الاسلوبي الجديد بانزياحاته وتعالقاته النصية والمعنوية شرعية وثَّقَت المقصدية التي يؤمُها المرسل والمتلقي .                                                                         شعر ابي حيان بكراً اغفله الدارسون بقصد او بغيره لذا جاء هذا البحث في ديوانه جاعلا اياه مجالا تطبيقيا للوقوف على روعة قصد ومقصدية خطابه الإعلامي الأدبي في مستوياته الثلاثة( الصوتي والتركيبي والبياني).  فقد تناول البحث خطاب ابي حيان الشعري بجانبه الصوتي وأثر الإيقاع في تحقيق اعلامية الخطاب الادبي بمحسناته البديعية (اللفظية والمعنوية). وعلى مستواه البياني تناول البحث القصد والمقصدية من ثنايا العلاقات الفنية، وصورها من تشبيه واستعارة وكناية مع علاقات مجاز مرسل اعتمدت القرينة الدالة ، ولم يغفل البحث من المجاز العقلي وعلاقاته  شيئا مااستطاع لذلك سبيلا . كما فرض التعالق النصي ومرجعياته نفسه على التحليل الأسلوبي فرضا للمقصدية وهيمنة لمرجعياتها بالتناص (اقتباسا وتضمينا) وآلياته (اجترارًا و امتصاصًا ومحاورة).
الامتداد المكاني لمراكز المدن الحضرية في محافظة نينوى بين عامي 2000-2020
Authors: AL.Ubaid Saad Saleh Khudhuir
Published: November 2022

تُعد دراسة الامتداد المكاني للمدن من أهم مؤشرات التوسع الحضري لنمو مراكز المدن الحضرية في محافظة نينوى وكشف التغير الذي حصل عليها خلال فترة 20 سنة من 2000-2020 ومراقبة تلك التغيرات التي تنعكس على الامتداد المكاني لمراكز المدن وتوسعها العمراني خارج حدود التصميم الأساس للتقسيم الإداري لها ، مما يشير الى التزايد الكبير في مساحة هذه الأراضي ، إذ استخدمت مرئيات ذات دقة تميز مكاني عالية للقمر الصناعي QuickBird لسنوات الدراسة ورسم حدود المراكز الحضرية وفق مساحة الامتداد العمراني للفترتين وثم ثم كشف التغير الذي حصل خلال هذه المدة وحساب نسبة الفرق لمساحة التغير بالهكتار لتحديد الفرق المكاني للامتداد الحضري المكاني للمدن.
الخدمات الصحية في الاتحاد السوفيتي (1939 – 1945)
Authors: Al- Taif Al-Tikriti Harith Abdul Rahman , Ibrahim Al-Janabi Laith Muhammad , Karim Ibrahim Asmaa Abdel
Published: November 2022

أولت الحكومة السوفيتية للصحة اهتمام خاص لم تشهده باقي القطاعات الأخرى، ومن الجدير بالذكر لم ينحصر ذلك الاهتمام بزمن معين أو منطقة محددة، وهذا ما وضح للعيان أبان سنوات الحرب العالمية الثانية، إذ سجل القطاع الصحي حضور ونجاح كبير.
إن الدور الكبير للجانب الصحي في الاتحاد السوفيتي في المدة بين عامي (1939 – 1945) أثر بشكل ايجابي على المجتمع السوفيتي على الرغم من ظروف الحرب الصعبة، إذ انشأت الدولة مستشفيات ومراكز صحية في أغلب مناطق البلاد، وكذلك أنشأت مراكز صحية ودور استجمام داخل المعامل والمصانع لسلامة العاملين فيها، فضلاً عن المراكز الصحية الثابتة والمتنقلة التي كانت تجهز في الخطوط الخلفية للمعارك التي كانت دائرة في تلك المدة، وكان يتم تجهيزها بكافة الأجهزة والمستلزمات الطبية، فضلاً عن الكوادر الطبية الكفوءة.
تم التركيز في بحثنا هذا عن الجانب الصحي والحماية الصحية للعامل السوفيتي، لما لهذا الموضوع من أهمية تمس طبقة أساسية من طبقات المجتمع السوفيتي، وكذلك تم التطرق إلى الخدمات الطبية والتثقيف الصحي خلال الحرب العالمية الثانية، وأيضاً عن صحة الأم العاملة في الاتحاد السوفيتي، فكما هو واضح أن هذه أغلب الجوانب الصحية المهمة في تلك المدة.
Objective and subjective nature of transformations in translation of a literary text
Authors: Andreeva Ekaterina Yurievna
Published: November 2022

The present paper is devoted to the study of objective and subjective character of translation transformations. The materials studied for the purposes of the research work relate to biographical novels by P. Kurth "Anastasia. The Riddle of Anna Anderson" and "Isadora: a Sensational Life" and their translations into Russian. As far as methodology is concerned, the methods of descriptive and comparative analyses are paramount in the present paper. The aim of the research is to analyze different types of modifications (substitution, permutation, addition, omission) to identify the inevitable changes in syntactic structures of the sentences, on the one hand, and the results of an individual approach of translators who are fluent in both Russian and English. It was revealed that all translation transformations can be divided into two groups: objective and subjective modifications. Objective transformations are the result of differences in formal and semantic systems of English and Russian, whereas subjective modifications help to express the degree of probability and emotional state or attitude of the characters towards some events, people or things. The conclusions and the main statements of this research paper may serve as a reason for the further study of the role of syntactic transformations in literary translation from English into Russian, as well as apply to the preparation of specialists studying English in lecture courses and seminars on topical issues of emotive syntax and literary translation.
Temporal and Non-temporal Characteristics of the Category of Aspectuality of the Russian Verb in the Context of the Chinese Language
Authors: Liu Xinyan
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of the category of aspectuality in the Russian language in the context of the implementation of its (category) temporal and non-temporal characteristics, considered in the focus of the Chinese language. The purpose of the work was to identify the features of the expression of temporal and non-temporal characteristics of the category of aspectuality of the Russian verb in the context of the Chinese language. The object of the study is Russian verbs that characterize the aspectual system of the language under consideration, in the context of the Chinese system of aspectuality. The subject of the study is the specificity of the temporal and non-temporal characteristics of the category of aspectuality in the framework of its expression and implementation in Russian in the context of Chinese. The following methods were used during the study: analysis (component, comparative, semantic-cognitive), synthesis, generalization, comparison, dialectical method, descriptive method, classification method, functional method, etc. The main conclusions of the study are : temporal and non-temporal components of the category of aspectuality are represented in Russian to a greater extent by verbs, to a lesser extent by predicatives and auxiliary non-verbal means; in Chinese they are represented by lexical means (morphological signs of aspectuality are not pronounced). The author's special contribution to the study of the topic is to identify the specifics of the expression and implementation of temporal and non-temporal characteristics of the category of aspectuality in Russian in the context of Chinese. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time (within the framework of the problems of modern linguistics) a comprehensive analysis of the specifics of the expression and implementation of temporal and non-temporal characteristics of the category of aspectuality of the Russian verb in the context of the Chinese language was carried out.