bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prácticas docentes en educación primaria en el contexto de la pandemia del COVID-19
Authors: García Jaime Cesar
Published: October 2024

Durante la pandemia del COVID  19, las prácticas docentes en las escuelas primarias tuvieron que lidiar con retos, entre ellos: el empleo de la Educación a Distancia y el rezago educativo, además se enfrentaron a procesos de crisis y estrés debido a las exigencias institucionales y reformas educativas. La presente investigación se llevó a cabo con una metodología cualitativa, a través de un estudio de “Narrativas” e “Historias de Vida” de cuatro docentes: Luciérnaga, Vida, Campeche y Gansito; de Educación Primaria que trabajan al suroeste de ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua en un lugar denominado “La zona de los Kilómetros”. Estas historias autobiográficas reflejan lo que han vivido en su trayectoria profesional en esta región fronteriza, desde que decidieron dedicarse a la docencia hasta cuando se enfrentaron a la pandemia del COVID-19. Los hallazgos de la investigación se organizaron en los siguientes ámbitos: construcción de saberes docentes; apoyo entre maestros; Programas de Estudio; Pandemia; Comunidad; Motivación; deseos y sentimientos; Valor de maestro y Estrés.
Realidad Aumentada o Realidad Virtual En la Educación del Siglo XXI
Authors: Retamozo-Saavedra Luis Fernando , Castillo- Aguilar Jhon Claudio , Mamani-Vilca Ecler
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo analiza el impacto de la Realidad Aumentada (RA) y la Realidad Virtual (RV) en el proceso educativo del siglo XXI, destacando sus beneficios y desafíos. La investigación aborda cómo estas tecnologías inmersivas mejoran la comprensión de conceptos complejos, la motivación y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, a través de estudios comparativos en distintos niveles educativos. Sin embargo, su implementación enfrenta barreras económicas y técnicas, como el costo de los equipos y la falta de formación docente. El estudio concluye que, a pesar de estos desafíos, la integración de RA y RV puede transformar significativamente los métodos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, siempre que se adopten estrategias para superar las limitaciones existentes.
Mütterlichkeit in der Wissenschaft: warum die Wissenschaft einen maternal turn braucht
Authors: Eckert Lena , Czerney Sarah
Published: October 2024

Mutterschaft ist eine dreifache Leerstelle in der Wissenschaft, denn Mütter stoßen an die glass ceiling und eine maternal wall. Nur durch eine positive Umdeutung von Mütterlichkeit als Kulturtechnik und einen maternal turn auf mehreren Ebenen im Wissenschaftsbetrieb kann dem entgegengewirkt werden.
Die Entwicklung der Inklusion in Deutschland aus ‚idealistischer‘ und ‚realistischer‘ Perspektive
Authors: Eckert Thomas
Published: October 2024

Die Intention der Ratifizierung der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention (UN-BRK) war und ist es, den Anteil inklusiv unterrichteter Schülerinnen und Schüler zu erhöhen und damit auch eine gerechtere Verteilung von Bildungschancen zu erreichen. Obwohl seit 1999 von der KMK differenzierte statistische Angaben bereitgestellt werden und obwohl auch seit längerem ein Monitoring von Inklusion stattfindet (vgl. z. B. Klemm, 2015), gibt es wenige differenzierte längsschnittliche Analysen der Daten in Deutschland (Scheer Melzer, 2020). Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden aus den Zielen der UN-BRK Forderungen an die Entwicklung von Indikatoren zur Inklusion abgeleitet und anhand der Daten der KMK entsprechende Entwicklungen dargestellt. Zwar lässt sich ein Trend zu inklusiver Beschulung in allen Bundesländern beobachten. Dieser bleibt allerdings hinter den Erwartungen zurück und unterscheidet sich regional. Auch ist die Validität der Daten durch länderspezifische Maßnahmen wie Veränderungen in der Diagnose sonderpädagogischen Förderbedarfs eingeschränkt.
Ist das meine Verantwortung? Ein Plädoyer für die Beachtung von Menschenbildannahmen bei der Erklärung und Förderung nachhaltigen Handelns
Authors: Landwehr Adrian , Strubel Isabel T. , Maes Jürgen , Kals Elisabeth
Published: October 2024

Als Motiv für nachhaltiges Handeln wird häufig egoistische Nutzenmaximierung angenommen. Gleichzeitig ist der Nutzen nachhaltigen Handelns primär sozialisiert und langfristig. Dieser Widerspruch und empirische Befunde, die eine Vielfalt an Motiven als Grundlage für nachhaltiges Handeln bestätigen, stehen der Erklärung durch Eigennutz entgegen. Zusätzlich ist diese Erklärung tautologisch und verhindert den Gewinn neuer wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse. Daher ist die Vielfalt individueller Menschenbilder als subjektive Annahmen über diese zu berücksichtigen. Um diese messbar zu machen, wurde ein Skalen­inventar entwickelt, mit dem vielfältige Menschenbildannahmen erfasst und in die empirische Forschung aufgenommen werden können. Es werden erste Ansätze skizziert, wie Menschenbildannahmen zur Erklärung nachhaltigen Handelns beitragen.
Berichtet die Tagesschau linksverzerrt? Zur Leistungsfähigkeit von „Value Frames“ als Analysetool zur Ermittlung der Positionsvielfalt in der Medienberichterstattung
Authors: Jandura Olaf , Spatz Julia
Published: October 2024

Der Vorwurf einer Linksverzerrung bei der Nachrichtenauswahl begleitet die Angebote des öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunks in den letzten Jahren zunehmend und zählt zu den prominentesten den öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunk anprangernden Diskursen. Ein solcher Vorwurf wiegt schwer, da er zumindest Zweifel an der Informations- und Integrationsleistung des öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunks hervorruft. Die Kommunikationswissenschaft kann bislang wenig zur Entkräftung oder Bekräftigung dieses Vorwurfs beitragen, da die Angebote (1) zu wenig systematisch untersucht werden, und (2) kein Vergleiche zwischen den verschiedenen Studien ermöglichendes Standardinstrument eingesetzt wird. In dem Beitrag wird die Leistungsfähigkeit der Messung der Positionsvielfalt über „Value Frames“ diskutiert und anhand einer Inhaltsanalyse der nationalen Politikberichterstattung aus dem Jahr 2018 am Beispiel der „Tagesschau“ illustriert. Im Ergebnis wird deutlich, dass von einer Linksverzerrung nur gesprochen werden kann, wenn man den Maßstab der Gleichverteilung der Positionen anlegt. Dieser Maßstab entspricht jedoch weder den professionalisierten Selektionskriterien im Journalismus noch der Wertegrundlage des liberalen, repräsentativen Systems. Stärker an der Ausgestaltung des politischen Systems orientierte Bewertungsmaßstäbe, wie der der abgestuften Chancengleichheit oder das Proporzkriterium, lassen den Schluss zu, dass die „Tagesschau“ die verschiedenen Positionen in der Debatte nicht linksverzerrt darstellt.
Examining the Cardioprotective Effects of Aerobic Exercise Combined with Crocin or Berberine on Methamphetamine-Induced Heart Damage in Female Rats
Authors: Ziaolhagh Sayed Javad , Rajabi Somayeh , Nosrati Zahra
Published: October 2024

Background: While the harmful effects of methamphetamine abuse on the heart are well-known, the solutions to deal with these damages are not well-known. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether aerobic exercise combined with supplements such as Crocin and Berberine can potentially protect against methamphetamine-induced changes in the heart tissue of female rats. Materials and Methods: Forty-two female rats were randomly assigned into seven groups (n = 6). The groups included healthy control, methamphetamine, methamphetamine + exercise, methamphetamine + Crocin, methamphetamine + Berberine, methamphetamine + exercise + Crocin, and methamphetamine + exercise + Berberine group. Methamphetamine (10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally over five days. The animals were administered Crocin via intraperitoneal injection at 40 mg/kg during a four-week withdrawal period. At the same time, Berberine was dissolved in drinking water at 100 mg/kg concentration. The aerobic training consisted of running at 25 m/min for 30 minutes. A light microscope was used to observe the structural changes. Data analysis was performed using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests by SPSS 26, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The results of the study indicate that methamphetamine use causes hyperemia, inflammation, and histopathological damage in the heart cells and tissue (P = 0.001). The combination of exercise with Crocin significantly eliminated methamphetamine-induced heart tissue damage (P = 0.001) and improved cardio-respiratory endurance compared to control (P = 0.004) and methamphetamine (P = 0.01) groups. The combination of aerobic exercise with Berberine removed methamphetamine-induced heart cell damage (P = 0.001), and improved cardio-respiratory endurance compared to control (P = 0.024) and methamphetamine (P = 0.05) groups. In addition, all intervention groups showed a significant reduction in hyperemia and inflammation compared to the methamphetamine group (P = 0.001). Conclusions: A combination of exercise with either Crocin or Berberine supplements demonstrated potential benefits in mitigating some of the harmful structural effects of methamphetamine and improving cardio-respiratory endurance.
Programa Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica
Authors: Bethônico Mariana , Rocha Neto Ivan
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma Dissertação de Mestrado, na qual se buscou analisar o Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica (PARFOR) quanto ao cumprimento dos objetivos por ele proclamados enquanto política pública. Assim, tendo em vista que o Programa busca promover a adequação da formação dos professores às suas respectivas áreas de atuação na Educação Básica, considerou-se relevante verificar em que medida essa conformação formação/atuação tem, de fato, ocorrido. A análise dos dados indicou que o Programa atende, parcialmente, o seu objetivo, mas também representa uma grande oportunidade para a qualificação dos docentes da rede pública, principalmente em localidades mais carentes e com maior dificuldade de acesso à formação superior.
Pemberdayaan UMKM di Waru Sidoarjo melalui Pelatihan Konten Kreatif, Copywriting, dan Strategi Bisnis Digital
Authors: Taufik Bahtera Novyandri , Darus Salam Moh. , Prassetyo Sidarta
Published: October 2024

Pandemi COVID-19 dan ketidakstabilan ekonomi global, seperti konflik Rusia-Ukraina, telah berdampak negatif terhadap perekonomian Indonesia, termasuk sektor Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM). Dampak ini terlihat jelas pada UMKM di Sidoarjo yang mengalami penurunan penjualan dan kesulitan dalam menyesuaikan diri dengan perubahan lanskap digital. Salah satu permasalahan utama yang dihadapi adalah rendahnya kualitas konten pemasaran digital dan kurangnya pemahaman dalam menyusun strategi bisnis yang efektif. Artikel ini membahas pemberdayaan UMKM di Waru, Sidoarjo, melalui pelatihan Creative Content, Copywriting, Business Model Canvas (BMC), dan Digital Photography, sebagai upaya meningkatkan daya saing UMKM di era digital. Pelatihan ini dirancang untuk membantu UMKM mengatasi masalah pemasaran dengan menyediakan keterampilan praktis dalam menciptakan konten yang lebih menarik, memetakan strategi bisnis yang tepat melalui BMC, dan meningkatkan kualitas visual produk melalui teknik fotografi dasar. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam kemampuan peserta untuk menerapkan strategi pemasaran yang lebih efektif, meningkatkan interaksi dengan pelanggan melalui platform digital, dan memperkuat bisnis mereka secara keseluruhan. Dengan pemahaman dan keterampilan yang lebih baik tentang pemasaran digital dan strategi bisnis, UMKM mitra diharapkan dapat meningkatkan penjualan dan daya saing di pasar.
Perceptions of Educators on Simultaneous Implementation of Education 5.0 and Modularisation in Higher Education Sector
Authors:   Department of Crop Science and Post-harvest Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe., Mashavakure Nilton , Pedzisai Constantino ,   Institute of Lifelong Learning and Development Studies, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe., Munhuwa Edward ,   Cetnre for Language and Communication Skills, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe.
Published: October 2024

The government of Zimbabwe initiated a radical higher education reform programme in 2019, culminating in the simultaneous implementation of Education 5.0 and modularization. This mixed methods study employed concurrent triangulation research design to examine the compatibility of these reforms at Chinhoyi University of Technology by surveying 32 educators from various schools. The majority of educators believed that modularization enabled students to focus on one module at a time, master the content, and utilize limited resources more effectively. Modularization also afforded educators more time for research and non-teaching activities, flexibility in teaching methods, and enhanced student-educator interaction. However, educators disagreed that modularization aligned with Education 5.0, citing concerns that it placed students in a continuous examination mode and failed to facilitate connections between module content to address societal challenges. The study concludes by recommending the realignment of teaching and learning timetables to facilitate content connections, free time for educators, and student participation in innovation and industrialization activities, thereby optimizing the simultaneous implementation of Education 5.0 and modularization.
Muhammad Quthub's Thought and Its Relevance to Contemporary Islamic Education
Authors: Lidinilah Izul Haq , Siregar Maragustam
Published: October 2024

The abstract should be clear, concise, and descriptive. This Muhammad Quthub is an educational figure in the Islamic world, through his ideas and views he has made a major contribution to the science of Islamic education. He said that education is an effort to make a complete human being, namely education that is able to combine mind and heart, spiritual and physical.  This article then wants to explain in more depth the views of Muhammad Qutub and their relevance to contemporary Islamic education today. It will be interesting to see whether Islamic education today is in line with his thoughts or whether it really needs to be evaluated. Furthermore, this research uses a qualitative type of library research, namely by taking sources from published books and journals.  The results of this research show that Islamic education is currently relevant to Muhammad Quthub's views, including the meaning of education, educational goals, educators and educational curriculum
[Muhammad Quthub merupakan tokoh pendidikan dunia Islam, lewat gagasan dan pandangannya memberikan kontribsi besar dalam keilmuan pendidikan Islam, ia mengatakan bahwa pendidikan adalah upaya untuk menjadikan manusia seutuhnya, yaitu pendidikan yang mampu memadukan antara akal dan hati, rohani dan jasmani.  Tulisan ini kemudian ingin menjelaskan lebih dalam tentang pandangan-pandangan Muhammad Qutub dan relevansinya terhadap pendidikan Islam Kontemporer saat ini, akan menjadi menarik ketika apakah pendidikan Islam dewasa ini sejalan dengan pemikirannya atau memang perlu dievaluasi. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menggunakan jenis kualitatif yang bersifat kepustakaan (library research) yaitu dengan mengambil sumber-sumber buku maupun jurnal yang sudah terbit. Analisis Data yang digunakan adalah adalah analisis isi (content analysis) yaitu penelitian yang bersifat pembahasan mendalam terhadap isi suatu informasi tertulis. Adapun hasil penelitian ini bahwa pendidikan Islam sekarang ini relavan dengan pandangan Muhammad Quthub diantaranya makna Pendidikan, tujuan pendidikan, Pendidik, dan  Kuikulum Pendidikan]
Dynamics of the Development of the Salafiyah Movement in Kerinci, Jambi: A Study of Theological Roots and Social Impact
Authors: I Martunus , Mirdad Jamal , Putri Auliana Nur
Published: October 2024

The Salafiyah movement is part of the reformist movement in Islam which operates in the field of purifying Islamic teachings based on the Koran and the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad. In accordance with what was done by the previous generation (Salafus saleh). In Kerinci the Salafi movement exists in a social context that has its own characteristics. The aim of this research was to look at the development and theological roots of Salafiyah as well as the social impact in Kerinci. formulation of the problem in this research: 1). What are the dynamics of the development of the Salafiyah movement in Kerinci. 2). How Salafi theological thought is explained in detail. 3) What is the social impact. This research method uses a qualitative method with a field study and literature approach. The results of the research explain that the Salafiyah movement entered Kerinci in the 18th century, brought by traders and ulama from Minang Kabau and ulama from Kerinci. The development of the Salafi movement was more rapid after the reformation. While the theological roots of Salafiah are focused on purifying Islamic teachings, inviting people to return to the sources of Islamic teachings, the Koran and Hadith, elements of superstition, heresy and Khurafat in worship are not permitted.
[Gerakan salafiyah merupakan bagian dari gerakan reformis dalam Islam yang bergerak dibidang pemurnian ajaran Islam yang bersumber Al-Qur’an dan Hadist Nabi Muhammad Saw. Sesuai dengan yang dilakukan oleh senerasi terdahulu (Salafus saleh). Di Kerinci gerakan Salafiah hadir dalam konteks sosial kemasyarakatan yang mempunyai krakteristik tersendiri. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini untuk melihat perkembangan dan akar teolologis salafiyah serta dampak sosial di Kerinci. rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini: 1). Bagaimana dinamika perkembangan gerakan Salafiyah di Kerinci. 2). Bagaimana pemikiran teologis Salafiah di kerinci. 3) Bagaimana dampak sosial. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan, metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi lapangan dan kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian menjelaskan aliran Salafiyah masuk di Kerinci pada abad ke 18 yang dibawa oleh pedagang dan para ulama dari Minang Kabau serta ulama dari Kerinci. Perkembangan gerakan Salafiah lebih pesatnya pasca repormasi. Sedangkan akar teologis Salafiah terfokus pada pemurnian ajaran Islam mengajak masyarakat kembali kepada sumber ajaran Islam al-Qur’an dan hadis, tidak dibenarkan adanya unsur takhayul, bid’ah dan Khurafat dalam ibadah].
Determination of Causality Relationship Between Profitability Ratios: An Application on BIST Dividend 25 Index
Authors: Medetoğlu Batuhan , Keskin Ömer
Published: October 2024

Investment refers to generating returns by utilizing the remaining amount after expenses are deducted from income. It involves allocating resources today for future consumption. Savings can be invested in a range of assets. Investors' risk perception expected return levels, personality traits, and psychological and external factors play an active role in the investment process. Various forecasting techniques are available for investments in financial assets, including fundamental analysis, technical analysis, and computer-aided analysis methods. This study analyzes the relationships between the financial ratios of companies listed in the BIST Dividend 25 Index, which enables investors to earn dividends in addition to benefiting from price movements. The primary objective is to identify the causal relationships between the Net Profit Margin and Return on Equity ratios within this index. By examining the relationship between these two important financial ratios, the study provides valuable insights to investors and other stakeholders about the complexities of the investment process. A sample of 20 companies from the BIST Dividend 25 Index was selected, and quarterly data for the two financial ratios from 2018Q1 to 2024Q1 were collected. The study applies Correlation Analysis and the Dumitrescu & Hurlin (2012) Panel Causality Test. The analysis results indicate a bidirectional causal relationship between the two financial ratios, with a weak negative correlation between the variables. This suggests that the two financial ratios within the relevant index are interrelated. The study is original in its exploration of the relationship between these two financial ratios using current data from companies included in the dividend index. It aims to guide companies in the sector, market participants, and researchers.
The Influence of Occupational Factors to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome on Administrative Workers in A Transportation Manufacturing Company
Authors: Farizi Rachman  , Am Maisarah Disrinama  , Alifia Rojana
Published: October 2024

CTS is arranged in outer muscle problems. This infection is brought about by pressure of the middle nerve at the wrist. Occupational factors are work- related risk factors, such as working quickly, repetitive movements, work stress, work that uses a lot of wrists and vibrations. The motivation behind this study is to decide the impact of word related elements to CTS frequency on regulatory specialists. This study uses cross sectional design with 35 respondents as sample. To determine hand posture was carried out by observation and interpretation with RULA, measurement of repetitive motion use a stopwatch, and work stress use Stress Diagnosis Survey. Utilize the Phalen's Test and the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire to determine the incidence of CTS. The aftereffect of prescreening on managerial specialists uncovered that 40% laborers are positive for CTS. While the analysis uses binary logistic regression to determine the influence of occupational factors to CTS incident. Variables that influence CTS are repetitive motion of using mouse (p=0.005), repetitive motion of typing (p=0.027), and work stress (p=0.027). Therefore, it is necessary to give recommendations based on related variables (repetitive motion and work stress) in order to minimize the occurrence of CTS.
Tailoring the Structural and Optical Properties of Oxychloride Magnesium Tellurite Glass with the Addition of Samarium Ions
Authors: Nurul Ainaa Najihah Busra  , Harizah Nadzmi  , Rodziah Nazlan
Published: October 2024

In this study, samarium-doped oxychloride magnesium tellurite glass with composition (79−x)TeO2−xMgO−20Li2O−1Sm2O3 (Series 1) and (79−x)TeO2xMgCl2−20Li2O−1Sm2O3 (Series 2) with 0 ≤ x ≤ 15 mol% was prepared by the melt-quenching technique. The structural and optical properties of synthesized samples were investigated, and the XRD results dictated an amorphous nature for both samples. The glass density of both Series 1 and 2 decreased with increasing MgO and MgCl2 content. However, the molar volume behaves in a completely opposite manner to an increase in MgO or MgCl2 content. FTIR spectra revealed from the vibrational wavenumber shift of TeO4 and TeO3 structural units showed a significant rise in HOH vibration mode, which implies its usefulness in boosting water and light absorption. Four absorbance bands were observed via UV-Vis NIR, while the indirect optical band gap around (3.42–3.36) eV and (3.42−3.30) eV for Series 1 and Series 2 were observed from UV-Vis spectroscopy. The emission spectra from the photoluminescence study revealed four distinct bands centered at 562.54, 599.14, 645.63 and 708.40 nm which are attributed to the transition from 4G5/2 – 6HJ/2 (J = 5,7,9,11) of states of Sm3+. The optimum glass with a composition of TeO-MgO 15% demonstrates a high potential for optical device development.
Fabrication, Characterization and Release Profile of Aloe Vera Extracts/PVA Composite Electrospun Nanofiber
Authors: Nur Athirah Abdullah  , Khairunnadim A. Sekak
Published: October 2024

Aloe vera is a well-known remedy that carries many beneficial health effects such as painkiller, anti-inflammatory, promote skin growth and repair. The combination of bioactive natural product of aloe vera as a drug model and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the base material or carrier in the electrospinning process were studied. Smooth straight and continues electrospun fibers were collected with the Field Effect Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) images show no formation of bead (defect signed) in the electrospun membrane when the concentration was set at 10% w/w of PVA nanofibre. The morphological structure of the electrospun membranes shows a smooth and longitudinal fiber when aloe vera is mixed with the PVA polymer with percentage ratio of aloe vera over PVA is less than 25%. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) shows no reaction between PVA and aloe vera by not showing peaks other than the initial materials. The Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) proves the presence of aloin indicating the presence of aloe vera in nanofiber. The release profile of the electrospun aloe vera in PVA shows a higher initial burst release at the 50% and 70% concentration levels indicating very little control of the release or none at all. These results show the potential of aloe vera – PVA electrospun nanofibers membrane as a promising material for wound dressing and topical drug delivery.
Electrochemiluminescence of Carbon Dots and Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots from a Microwave-Assisted Method
Authors: Nurul Izzati Akmal Mohd Azman  , Muhammad Amirul Afiq Abdul Halim  , Nur Syakimah Ismail  , Nur Hamidah Abdul Halim  , Nurjuliana Juhari  , Norhayati Sabani  , Siti Aisyah Shamsudin  , Eiichi Tamiya
Published: October 2024

This research focuses on the use of carbon dots (CDs) and nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) synthesized using a microwave-assisted method as electrochemiluminescence (ECL) luminophores. CDs have been synthesized using citric acid, while various concentrations of nitrogen-doped CDs have been successfully obtained by varying the amount of urea from 1 to 3 g with citric acid to produce NCD1, NCD,2 and NCD3. The ECL mechanism of CDs and NCDs on screen-printed electrodes has been studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV). ECL emission from as-prepared CDs and NCDs was observed in PBS with potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) as a co-reactant. The addition of potassium chloride (KCl) as a supporting electrolyte displays fast electroreduction of CDs and K2S2O8 to expedite the generation of CDs and peroxydisulfate radicals that simultaneously increase ECL intensity. Furthermore, as the concentration of nitrogen-doped CDs increases, so does the intensity of the ECL. NCD3 shows the highest ECL intensity by an increment of 86.4% in comparison to CDs in PBS with the addition of K2S2O8 and KCl. Finally, optimization of ECL measurement was carried out in terms of CV potential range, concentration of luminophore, supporting electrolyte, and co-reactant using NCD3 luminophore. The CV potential range at 0 to -2 V shows 50 mV of early CV reverse onset potential that resulted in an increase of 52.9% ECL intensity. Meanwhile, 30x dilution of NCD3, 0.1 M of supporting electrolyte KCl, and 0.1 M of co-reactant K2S2O8 show the optimum value to obtain high ECL intensity.
Fatigue Failure of Alloy Grade P22 Hot Reheat Auxiliary Steam Pipe
Authors: Anis Muneerah Shaiful Bahari  , Saidatul Akmal Biyamin  , Muhammad Hilmi Khairuddin  , Ng Guat Peng  , Norlia Berahim  , Saiful Adilin Shokri  , Mohd Hafiz Abdul Ghaffar  , Mazmi Yahya  , Robiah Ghazali
Published: October 2024

A leak was discovered in the hot reheat auxiliary pipe. The pipe was found to have a bulging condition and a crack at the base metal area. A circumferential crack was discovered near a repair weld spot on the external surface. The failure was investigated using material characterization techniques, including in-situ replication, glow discharge spectroscopy (GDS), microhardness analysis, optical microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Based on microstructure analysis, numerous cracks were observed to have initiated at the internal surfaces of the pipe. Most of the cracks were found on the parent metal. The cluster of cracks concentrates on the plane of 0⁰ - 180⁰. Microstructure analysis shows that the cracks are multiple, parallel, mainly transgranular, oxide-filled with branching crack tips. It is thought that the cracking is associated with fatigue and, most likely, high cyclic stress is the key contributory factor. The steam oxide cracked gradually as a result of the cyclic stress. As more metal surface was exposed, new oxide formed, causing cracks to propagate into the metal as this process was repeated due to cyclic loading.
Numerical Simulation on the Impact of Back Gate Voltage in Thin Body and Thin Buried Oxide of Silicon on Insulator (SOI) MOSFETs
Authors: K.Y Koay  , M.F.M Fathil  , M. Nuzaihan  , R. M Ayub  , M.K. Md Arshad
Published: October 2024

Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) technology provides a solution for controlling Short-Channel Effects (SCEs) and enhancing the performance of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). However, scaling down SOI MOSFETs to a nanometer scale does not necessarily yield further scaling benefits. Introducing multiple gates, such as a double gate configuration, can effectively mitigate SCEs. Nonetheless, fabricating a flawless double gate structure is an exceedingly challenging endeavor that remains unrealized. The adoption of a back gate bias, with an asymmetrical thickness arrangement between the front and back gates, mimicking the behavior of a double gate, offers an alternative approach. This approach has the potential to modify the electrical characteristics of the device, thus potentially leading to improved control over SCEs. In this study, we employed 2D simulations using Atlas to investigate the influence of back gate biases, namely, -2.0 V, 0 V, and 2.0 V on a 10 nm silicon thickness at the top and a 20 nm buried oxide thickness for n-channel MOSFETs. We focused on key parameters, including threshold voltage (VTh), Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL), and Subthreshold Swing (SS). The results demonstrate that a negative back gate bias is the most favorable configuration, as it yields superior performance. This translates into more effectively controlled SCEs across all the parameters of interest.
The Influence of Post-Curing Periods On Polymer-Mortar Composites In Corrosive Media
Authors: Besma M. Fahad  , Mais A. Abdulkarem
Published: October 2024

Petroleum tanks and pipes made of steel or concrete suffer from the interaction between the petroleum products and the materials of the tank or pipe. This work aims to overcome this problem by adding polymer to the cement mortar and post cure it at the proper period to modify its behavior when encountering petroleum products. Unsaturated polyester was selected to prepare polymer cement composites. Four sets of polymer cement composites were prepared. Two sets were cured at room temperature, but one was kept without immersing in any solution. The other sets were post-cured at 50ºC for two and four hours. Six groups of polymer cement composite specimens were immersed in a solution. The solutions were water, 1N and 2N NaCl, kerosene, benzene, and oil engine. The hardness and compressive strength were evaluated after 30 days. The hardness of the specimens was altered according to the solution immersed. The best water absorption and compressive strength results were obtained two hours post-curing specimens, whatever the solution was immersed in. The corrosion rate for all specimens in every solution was low. Again, the lowest corrosion rate was obtained after two hours of post-curing specimens, which indicates that the addition of polymer an
The Enhancement Light Absorption of ZnO-TiO2 Nanocomposite as Photoanode
Authors: Muhammad Asnawir Nasution  , Iwantono  , Puji Nurrahmawati  , Nashiha Chalvi Syahra  , Sulistyo Rini  , Suratun Nafisah  , Romi Fadli Syahputra  , Marlia Morsin
Published: October 2024

ZnO nanomaterial in Dye Sensitized Solar cells (DSSC) has the disadvantage of low efficiency. The purpose of this study was to improve the DSSC efficiency of the ZnO photoanode. ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposites are used as photoanodes that can improve light absorption. ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposites can increase the performance efficiency of the solar cell compared to ZnO Pristine. This is due to the reduced recombination between ZnO/electrolyte and the increased lifetime of electrons because of the presence of electrons trapped in TiO2. The most optimal sample from this study was found in ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposite with a volume concentration ratio (85%-15%) because the efficiency DSSC increases almost 2 times.
Investigate the Physical Properties and Transmitted sunlight of PVC/PMMA/ ZnO Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Hussein Ali Gaid  , Mahasin F. Hadi Al- Kadhemy  , Asrar Abdulmunem Saeed
Published: October 2024

Pure blend (PVC0.3g +PMMA 0.2g) and blend/ZnO nanocomposite films with different amounts were created using the solution casting technique. Different amounts of zinc oxide from (0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.004, and 0.005)g were investigated and added to blend polymer with a fixed amount (0.5) g of PVC/PMMA in 15ml tetrahydrofuran (THF). The XRD results demonstrated the amorphous structure of the admixture film and the hexagonal crystal structure of ZnONPs. The ZnONPs in the film were also atomically dispersed resulting in the incorporation of the ZnONPs peaks within the polymer matrix. FESEM image of the mixture and ZnO revealing small white spots scattered on the surface of the mixture with some agglomerates. FTIR spectroscopy data showed no chemical interaction between the polymer blend and ZnONPs. The increasing amounts of ZnONPs improved the absorbance, absorption coefficient, and extinction coefficient of the blend polymer. The blended polymer's permeability and energy gap decreased from 4.48eV to 3.91eV with the increase in the number of ZnONPs in the nanocomposites. The transmitted sunlight intensity was measured through the blended pure polymer films and the blended nanocomposites/ZnO nanocomposites. At the beginning of September 2021, the intensity of transmitted sunlight was measured in Baghdad for a period of 7 days. As can be observed, almost all films have the same ratio of the intensity of transmitted radiation to the intensity of sunlight for all hours and days.
Recognizing Partial AI Authorship: Toward a More Permissive Copyright Regime
Authors: Gooding Ryan E.
Published: October 2024

Under existing copyright law, photographers own the rights to every image they take instantly when the shutter clicks. That copyright survives if a photographer alters an image using software like Adobe Photoshop. But how might a photographer’s copyright be complicated by the use of generative AI in altering their own source imagery? In March 2023, the U.S. Copyright Office set out to answer this question by issuing its first formal guidance on works containing AI-generated material. In it, the Copyright Office attempted to delineate clear boundaries governing the copyrightability of partially AI-generated works. But it fell woefully short. By relying too heavily on existing doctrines and straining core copyright principles, the Copyright Office’s March 2023 guidance extends insufficient protection to partially AI-generated works and threatens to stifle creative expression just as generative AI prompts a bold reimagining of authorship. This Comment engages with the robust and ongoing discussion around generative AI and copyright, scrutinizing in particular the U.S. Copyright Office’s current approach to partially AI-generated pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works. By leaning too heavily on existing derivative works and compilation doctrines and utilizing outdated, poorly defined terminology, the U.S. Copyright Office’s March 2023 guidance sows more confusion than clarity and threatens to undermine core copyright principles. In lieu of continued reliance upon its faulty guidance, this Comment suggests that the Copyright Office broaden its longstanding human authorship requirement to embrace hybrid human-AI authorship.
Deteksi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Preschool Di TK Pertiwi
Authors: Dewi Tri Kesuma , Dewi Nia Risa , Sari Senja Atika , Nurhayati Sri , Ludiana Ludiana , Immawati Immawati , Fitri Nury Luthfiyatil
Published: October 2024

Deteksi dini tumbuh kembang pada anak usia prasekolah penting dilakukan untuk deteksi apakah ada gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang terjadi pada anak. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mendeteksi tumbuh kembang pada anak prasekolah adalah dengan penggunaan instrument penilaian motoric kasar pada anak usia prasekolah. Metode yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian pada Taman Kanak-kanak ini yaitu memberikan stimulasi dan demonstrasi motorik kasar pada anak dengan menggunakan instrument penilaian motorik kasar. Kegiatan deteksi dini ini dilakukan pada taman kanak-kanak pertiwi dengan jumlah peserta 40 anak. Hasil yang didapatkan dari pengabdian ini didapatkan masih adanya anak usia dini belum berkembang 10%, mulai berkembang 5%, berkembang sesuai harapan 5% dan berkembang baik sekali 80%. Hendaknya hasil dari pengabdian masayarakat ini menjadi masukan kepada semua pihak untuk dapat memberikan intervensi pada anak yang tahap perkembangannya belum sesuai harapan.
The Economic and Social Capital Factors in the Victory of Independent Candidate Pairs in the 2020 Regional Head and Deputy Regional Head Elections of Metro City
Authors: Ambiya Muhammad Yoridho
Published: October 2024

Based on KPU Regulation Number 1 of 2020 which regulates the nomination of regional heads and deputy regional heads in the 2020 simultaneous regional elections, there are changes to the nomination requirements from the individual path. Data on the results of the 2020 regional elections show that there were six individual candidate pairs who won the elections, one of which was in Metro City, Lampung province. The victory of individual candidate pairs in the Metro City regional elections can be said to break the dominance of candidate pairs from political parties who always win elections. This research examines the victory of candidate pairs Wahdi and Qomaru from the perspective of political, economic and social capital. The theory of capital refers to Pierre Bourdieu (1992), and is supported by the theory of political capital from John A. Booth and Patricia Bayer Richard (1998). The research method is qualitative with primary data collection through in-depth interviews. The research findings show that social capital (grassroots network), and economic capital (capital control) became the main factors of Wahdi and Qomaru's victory, which succeeded in defeating a pair of candidates from political parties, making it the first time Metro City was led by a mayor and deputy mayor not from a political party.
Evaluation of nitrogen fertilizer and nano silicon spray on seed yield performance and components of sunflower
Authors: Sabaghnia Naser , Janmohammadi Mohsen
Published: October 2024

Considering the climatic altering and the noteworthy increment within the late seasonal dry stress on sunflower in semi-arid regions, it is fundamental to utilize modern administration like application nano silicon to reduce the unfavourable impacts of such stresses. A field trial was performed to study the effects of nitrogen levels (40, 80, and 120 kg ha-1 ) and foliar spray treating of nano silicon (50, 100, and 150 ppm) on some traits of sunflower. The first two factors explained 79% of the variation and showed strong positive association of yield and thousand-seed weight. The N4-Si3 (120 kg ha-1 nitrogen plus 150 ppm nano silicon) indicated the higher values for most traits, leaf and head properties and seed yield. For confirmation findings of factor analysis, the clustering of traits and treatments was performed and categorized the measured traits and treatments into three clusters. The medium and high concentrations of nitrogen and nano silicon (80 and 120 kg ha-1 nitrogen; 100 and 150 ppm nano SiO2) were grouped with each other in the same cluster and were the best treatments. The nitrogen is one of the important fertilizers for sunflower production and low magnitudes of nitrogen could not be sufficient in semiarid environments. The nano silicon has beneficial ability to minimize the harmful influences of environmental stresses and can provide the goals of sustainable and lowinput agricultural systems in production of sunflower under semi-arid regions.
Influence of environmental factors on the accumulation volatile compounds in Salvia officinalis essential oil and hydrolate
Authors: Aćimović Milica , Stanković-Jeremić Jovana , Cvetković Mirjana , Todosijević Marina , Vujisić Ljubodrag , Sikora Vladimir , Lončar Biljana
Published: October 2024

The study investigated the cultivation, chemical composition, and potential applications of Salvia officinalis L. cultivar "Primorska" over three years. The research revealed that the essential oil of S. officinalis contains significant amounts of oxygenated monoterpenes, including a-thujone (19.9-29.0%), camphor (15.8-19.6%), b-thujone (12.3-13.3%), and 1,8-cineole (8.8-11.3%). The content of these compounds varied across years and correlated with temperature fluctuations. The hydrolate derived from S. officinalis exhibited a similar chemical profile to the essential oil, with camphor emerging as the most abundant compound (42.4-49.6%). Statistical analysis revealed correlations between temperature, precipitation, and the content of various compounds in both the essential oil and hydrolate. Temperatures are in strong negative correlation with a-thujone (KT=-36.500), and in positive correlation with camphor (KT=9.5), b-thujone (KT=4.500) and 1,8-cineole (KT=5.000) in essential oil. In hydrolates is also noted similar trend of correlations: negative correlations between temperature and a-thujone (KT=-32.000), and positive correlations temperature and camphor (KT=34.000), b-thujone (KT=7.000), and 1,8-cineole (KT=7.000). S. officinalis essential oil is highly valued in the food and pharmaceutical industry, as well as in cosmetics, perfumery and aromatherapy. Numerous studies have indicated its antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential. The study also highlighted potential applications of S. officinalis hydrolate in cosmetics, food sanitation, and pharmaceuticals due to its antioxidant properties and moderate antimicrobial effects. Overall, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of S. officinalis products' chemical composition and underscores the potential of its hydrolate as a valuable resource in multiple industries. Further exploration into its applications and benefits will drive innovation in product development and utilization.
Wheat cultivars grain yield and quality traits variability under conditions of southern Pannonian plain
Authors: Timić Jovana , Dražić Tanja , Mirosavljević Milan , Jocković Bojan , Aćin Vladimir , Mikić Sanja , Brbaklić Ljiljana
Published: October 2024

In order to meet milling industry and grain producers' requirements, wheat grain needs to possess good technological quality, and high and stable grain production. This study analyzed 30 varieties of winter wheat over four growing seasons (2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18, and 2018/19) at the location Rimski Šančevi, Serbia. The studied traits were under the control of genotype, environment, and their interaction. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the influence of the factors varied depending on the studied trait. Thousand grain weight showed the highest variability depending on genotype influence, protein content and sedimentation value that were mostly affected by environmental conditions, while the genotype and environment interaction had the greatest impact on hectoliter weight and grain yield. Using principal component analysis significant positive relationship was observed between protein content and sedimentation value, and between thousand grain weight and hectoliter weight. It was also shown that yield and thousand grain weight, sedimentation value and hectoliter weight are positively related. A strong negative association was noted between grain yield and protein content. The protein content and hectoliter weight did not show any dependency. All analyzed traits are significant for breeding programs, emphasizing the importance of developing high-quality varieties with high yield potential and tolerance to adverse environmental conditions.
Mandatory Disclosure Regime for Cross-Border Tax Planning Arrangements (DAC6): ECJ Confirms Compatibility with EU Law
Authors: Wouters P-J.
Published: October 2024

Following a request to (partially) annul Belgium’s implementation of the DAC6 disclosure regime, the Belgian Constitutional Court submitted five questions to the ECJ in Belgian Association of Tax Lawyers and Others (Case C-623/22). In its decision of 29 July 2024, the ECJ found that there had been no violation of the principles of equal treatment, non-discrimination, legal certainty and legality, as well as the right to a fair trial and to respect for private life. Hence, it has been confirmed that DAC6 is compatible with EU law.
Effective stereospecific synthesis of anomers of nucleoside molecules having hydroxyl group on C2 (antiviral drugs): Cytidine, molnupiravir, and azacitidine
Authors: Velugula Siva Rama Kasibabu , Gollapalli Venkateswara Rao , Pindi Santhosh Reddy , Vaddi Pandu Ranga Rao , Chavakula Ramadas , Sanasi Paul Douglas
Published: October 2024

Molnupiravir serves as the prodrug for beta-D-N4-hydroxycytidine, employed as an antiviral agent. The present work describes a new and commercially viable synthesis of anomers of molnupiravir (4), azacitidine (5), and cytidine (6) through an in situ approach, eliminating the requirement for isolating intermediates.. KEYWORDS :Molnupiravir, Azacitidine, Cytidine, Anomer.
Crystal structure and biological activity studies of two different types of herbicide safeners
Authors: Liu Li-Ming , Pang Qi-Fan , Zhai Yue
Published: October 2024

Two heterocyclic compounds, imidazolidine-1,3-diylbis((5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazol-4-yl)methanone) (I) and (5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)(1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decan-4-yl)methanone (II), were characterized by X-rays. Compound I was crystallized in monoclinic system, space group Cc, a= 9.81000(12) Å, b= 15.21199(16) Å, c= 14.25369(17) Å, β= 90.3862 (12)degree, Z= 4, V= 2127.02(4) Å3, F(000) = 928.0, Dc= 1.382 Mg/m3, crystal size: 0.150 x 0.130 x 0.120 mm. Compound II was crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, a = 5.6113(5) Å, b = 11.2280(10) Å, c = 20.675(2) Å, β = 95.543(10)degree, Z = 4, V = 1296.5(2) Å3, F(000) = 536.0, Dc = 1.282 Mg/m3, crystal size: 0.130 x 0.120 X 0.110 mm. Bioactivity assays showed that both compounds have good safety activity against nicosulfuron injury to corn, comparable to the commercial safener isoxadifen-ethyl. The molecular docking model indicated that two types of herbicide safeners competed with nicosulfuron for the acetolactate synthase active site and that this is the protective mechanism of safeners.. KEYWORDS :1,3-Disubstituted imidazolidine, Aryl-substituted formyloxazolidines, Single-crystal structure, Herbicide safener activity.
Synthesis and investigation of biological activities of some newaryl-2-((5-phenyl-1.3.4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio)ethan-1-ones
Authors: Singh Nisha Kumari , Ganguly Swastika
Published: October 2024

We have synthesized a series of aryl-2-((5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio)ethan-1-one derivatives (3a-j) by nucleophilic substitution of appropriately substituted phenacyl bromides 2(a-j) with 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol (1) in dichloromethane and assessed their antimycobacterial, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Compound 3g showed significantly greater antimycobacterial, antibacterial, and antifungal efficacy than the standard drug. Subsequently, a detailed analysis of the binding mode of the most potent compounds was conducted within the active binding site, utilizing the co-crystallized structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Protein Data Bank [PDB] ID 2x22) and glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (PDB ID 2VF5).. KEYWORDS :1,3,4-Oxadiazoles derivatives, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antimycobacterial, Molecular docking.