bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developments in Permafrost Science and Engineering in Response to Climate Warming in Circumpolar and High Mountain Regions, 2019–2024
Authors: Burn Christopher R. , Bartsch Annett , Chakraborty Elora , Das Soumik , Frauenfelder Regula , Gärtner‐Roer Isabelle , Gisnås Kjersti G. , Herring Teddi , Jones Benjamin M. , Kokelj Steven V. , Langer Moritz , Lathrop Emma , Murton Julian B. , Nielsen David M. , Niu Fujun , Olson Christine , O'Neill H. Brendan , Opfergelt Sophie , Overduin Pier Paul , Schaefer Kevin , Schuur Edward A. G. , Skierszkan Elliott , Smith Sharon L. , Stuenzi Simone M. , Tank Suzanne E. , van der Sluijs Jurjen , Vieira Gonçalo , Westermann Sebastian , Wolfe Stephen A. , Yarmak Ed
Published: December 2024

Research in geocryology is currently principally concerned with the effects of climate change on permafrost terrain. The motivations for most of the research are (1) quantification of the anticipated net emissions of CO2 and CH4 from warming and thaw of near‐surface permafrost and (2) mitigation of effects on infrastructure of such warming and thaw. Some of the effects, such as increases in ground temperature or active‐layer thickness, have been observed for several decades. Landforms that are sensitive to creep deformation are moving more quickly as a result, and Rock Glacier Velocity is now part of the Essential Climate Variable Permafrost of the Global Climate Observing System. Other effects, for example, the occurrence of physical disturbances associated with thawing permafrost, particularly the development of thaw slumps, have noticeably increased since 2010. Still, others, such as erosion of sedimentary permafrost coasts, have accelerated. Geochemical effects in groundwater from trace elements, including contaminants, and those that issue from the release of sediment particles during mass wasting have become evident since 2020. Net release of CO2 and CH4 from thawing permafrost is anticipated within two decades and, worldwide, may reach emissions that are equivalent to a large industrial economy. The most immediate local concerns are for waste disposal pits that were constructed on the premise that permafrost would be an effective and permanent containment medium. This assumption is no longer valid at many contaminated sites. The role of ground ice in conditioning responses to changes in the thermal or hydrological regimes of permafrost has re‐emphasized the importance of regional conditions, particularly landscape history, when applying research results to practical problems.
Effect of Mn Doping on the Modulation of Magnetoelectric and Mechanical Properties of Cu–Ni–Sn Alloys
Authors: Yang Fengnan , Ma Buyang , Liang Yan , Zong Shuotong , Zhang Yan , Kuang Yafei , Chen Fenghua , Zhang Meiping
Published: December 2024

In this research, the magnetoelectric and mechanical properties of Cu77–xNi15Sn8Mnx (x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 at%) alloy are systematically studied. In the results, it is demonstrated that the magnetic properties of the alloy increase with an increase in the Mn content, as evidenced by the thermomagnetic curve and isothermal magnetization curve. The magnetic properties of the annealed Cu57Ni15Sn8Mn20 alloy reach about 15 emu g−1 at room temperature, and the Curie temperature (Tc) reaches about 360 K in a 1 k Oe magnetic field. The characteristic peak of the magnetic transition in the AC magnetic susceptibility test also corresponds to the Curie temperature. An electrical performance test calculated the resistivity of the alloy, the resistivity of Cu57Ni15Sn8Mn20 in its annealed state is about 26% lower than that of Cu77Ni15Sn8. Furthermore, the hardness test reveals that the Vickers hardness of the Cu57Ni15Sn8Mn20 alloy is about 246.2 HV, demonstrating its excellent mechanical properties. In the research, it is shown that the doping of Mn elements plays a crucial role in the magnetic properties of Cu–Ni–Sn alloys. By adjusting the content of the Mn element, the magnetic performance can be controlled. A valuable approach is provided for enhancing the performance of magnetic Cu alloys.
Influence of environmental conditions on the creep behavior of large‐scale concrete specimens
Authors: Bachofner Wolfgang , Suza Dominik , Huber Patrick , Müller Harald S. , Kollegger Johann
Published: December 2024

In this article, a testing campaign on large‐scale concrete specimens to study the influence of environmental conditions on their creep behavior for different member sizes is presented. This testing campaign is unique due to its specimen dimensions (cross‐sectional areas of up to 1 m2) and the continuous deformation measurements for over 6 years. To quantify the influence of the environmental conditions on the creep behavior, two types of test specimens were produced, consisting of the same concrete mixture but having different production dates (summer of 2017 and winter of 2018). The large‐scale specimens were stored outside and therefore exposed to real environmental conditions. The measurement data collected over more than 6 years show that the environmental conditions during the first year have a tremendous impact on the creep behavior of the large‐scale specimens. Furthermore, the experimentally determined creep compliance of the specimens produced in winter exceeded that of the specimens produced in summer.
Dynamic Capabilities and the Management of Institutional Voids: A Case Study of Intra‐African Internationalization
Authors: Andrews Luke R. J. , Luiz John M.
Published: December 2024

Institutional voids are often presented as challenges of doing business in emerging markets. We seek to understand how the presence of institutional voids impacts foreign operations and the capabilities required in such environments, within an African setting. We examine this through a qualitative case study of a South African MNE operating in Nigeria and investigate how different capabilities were utilized in addressing institutional voids. The findings indicate that the MNE differentiated between institutional voids that were known and predictable, versus those that were unknown before entry and by the level of volatility associated with them. The latter required increasing orders of capabilities. We demonstrate how distinct capabilities were deployed to address different consequences of voids. We explain the link between the institutional setting and the MNE process of orchestrating both internal and external resources allowing for a better understanding of how institutions impact on MNE capabilities.
Spontaneous CP breaking in a QCD-like theory
Authors: Csáki Csaba , Ruhdorfer Maximilian , Youn Taewook
Published: December 2024

Abstract

We examine the phase structure of a QCD-like theory at $$ \overline{\theta} $$

θ
¯

= π obtained from supersymmetric SU(N) QCD perturbed by a small amount of supersymmetry breaking via anomaly mediation (AMSB QCD). The spectrum of this theory matches that of QCD at the massless level, though the superpartners are not decoupled. In this theory it is possible to nail down the phase structure at $$ \overline{\theta} $$

θ
¯

= π as a function of the quark masses and the number of flavors F. For one flavor we find that there is a critical quark mass, below which CP is unbroken, while above the critical mass CP is spontaneously broken. At the critical mass there is a second-order phase transition along with a massless η′. We are able to analytically solve for the minima and the critical mass for N = 2, 3 as well as for the large N limit, while for other N one can find numerical results. For two flavors, we find that CP is always broken as long as the quark masses are equal and non-zero, however there is a non-trivial phase boundary for unequal quark masses, which we find numerically. For F ≥ 3 we obtain an intricate phase boundary which reproduces the various quark mass limits. All our results are in agreement with the predictions of refs. [1–5] for ordinary QCD that were based on anomaly matching arguments for generalized symmetries and the effective chiral Lagrangian. We also briefly comment on the domain wall solutions first discussed by Draper [6], and are able to present analytic results for the simplest case of SU(2) with one flavor.
WWP1 inhibition suppresses the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by regulating the PI3K-AKT pathway
Authors: Notoya Genso , Kishikawa Takahiro , Yasugi Kengo , Iwata Takuma , Seimiya Takahiro , Miyabayashi Koji , Takahashi Ryota , Yamamoto Keisuke , Ijichi Hideaki , Otsuka Motoyuki , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro
Published: December 2024

Background

The proto-oncogene WWP1 is overexpressed in various cancers and contributes to tumor growth and poor prognosis. Recently, WWP1 inhibition was reported to suppress tumor development and cell proliferation by activating the PTEN function. However, the expression profiles and clinical significance of WWP1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues remain undetermined. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the WWP1 expression in PDAC and investigate the therapeutic potential of WWP1 inhibition.

Methods

Cellular proliferation assays were performed using a doxycycline-inducible shWWP1 expression system. Transcriptome analyses were conducted to identify the altered pathways in WWP1-depleted cells. PTEN ubiquitination by WWP1 was confirmed using immunoprecipitation assays. In vivo xenograft and drug screening assays were performed to evaluate the clinical significance of WWP1 inhibition.

Results

WWP1 was significantly upregulated in PDAC tissues and associated with poor prognosis. WWP1 depletion significantly reduced the proliferation of PDAC cell lines, correlating with the suppression of the PI3K-AKT pathway. Mechanistically, as reported in other cancer types, PTEN is a target of WWP1 in PDAC cells. PTEN silencing abrogated the growth-inhibitory effects in WWP1-depleted cells, suggesting that the anti-tumor effects of WWP1 inhibition are mediated through PTEN activation. In vivo xenograft studies confirmed that WWP1 depletion substantially inhibited tumor growth. Moreover, drug screening assays revealed that WWP1 depletion had an additive effect with the PI3K-AKT pathway inhibitors on hindering tumor growth.

Conclusion

WWP1 inhibition enhances the anti-tumor effects of PI3K-AKT pathway inhibitors through PTEN activation. Thus, WWP1 could be a potential therapeutic target in PDAC.
Evaluation of the Level of Selected Inquiry Skills Among Grammar School Students
Authors: Čipková Elena , Šmida Dominik , Pecníková Katarína
Published: December 2024

Teachers should lead students to inquiry and discover the world around them. For this reason, it is essential that students possess inquiry skills that will enable them to investigate inquiry processes and carry out inquiry activities. Although the development of inquiry skills is essential part of Slovak state curriculum, the administered test showed a relatively low level of inquiry skills among Slovak grammar school students (16–19 years old), especially in the skills of identifying variables, formulating hypotheses, determining the accuracy of experimentally obtained data, and understanding the elements of inquiry. The results indicate that the students’ future professional orientation has a relatively significant influence on their level of inquiry skills which are not systematically developed in individual years of study. It is necessary to implement inquiry activities in the education process that will enable students to develop their skills throughout their entire grammar school studies, regardless of their future professional orientation.
Challenges and insights in the acclimatization step of micropropagated woody plants
Authors: Grzelak Monika , Pacholczak Andrzej , Nowakowska Karolina
Published: December 2024

Acclimatization is the last step of plants in vitro propagation while it comes to alter the environment conditions from tailor for plant requirements, sterile laboratory to external ex vitro conditions. Consequently, during acclimatization it may reach to plants mortality due to abiotic and biotic stresses occurring in external environment (high temperature, light intensity, low air relative humidity and the presence of microorganisms and pathogens in soil). Micropropagated plants develop alter organs on morphological, anatomical or biochemical levels which must be correct during acclimatization to improve adaptation of plants to ex vitro conditions. Therefore, there is a need to create acclimatization protocols to improve the effectiveness of this vegetative propagation method. So far there were formulated facilities as pre-acclimation, in vitro acclimatization, water cultures, CO2 enrichment, application of biostimulators and plant growth regulators. In following research we focused on describing previous achievements about the changes occurring in woody plants by micropropagation and summary of achievements in acclimatization of micropropagated woody plants. This article summary the current state of knowledge on acclimatization for various range of woody species by anatomical, physiological and biochemical levels. There are described ways to increase the survival of acclimatized plants and minimize acclimatization stress it also collects substances used so far to enhance plant growth during acclimatization.
The power of personalised feedback: evidence from an indoor air quality experiment
Authors: Abdel Sater Rita , Perona Mathieu , Huillery Elise , Chevallier Coralie
Published: December 2024

Indoor air pollution is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but its sources and impacts are largely misunderstood by the public. In a randomised controlled trial including 281 households in France, we test two interventions aimed at changing indoor polluting behaviour by raising households’ awareness of health risks associated with indoor air pollution. While both generic and personalised information increased knowledge, only personalised information including social comparison feedback changed behaviour, leading to a reduction of indoor PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm) emissions by 20% on average. Heterogeneous treatment effects show that this effect is concentrated on the most polluted households at baseline, for whom the reduction reaches 40%.
Family Floer mirror space for local SYZ singularities
Authors: Yuan Hang
Published: December 2024

We give a mathematically precise statement of the SYZ conjecture between mirror space pairs and prove it for any toric Calabi-Yau manifold with the Gross Lagrangian fibration. To date, it is the first time we realize the SYZ proposal with singular fibers beyond the topological level. The dual singular fibration is explicitly written and proved to be compatible with the family Floer mirror construction. Moreover, we discover that the Maurer-Cartan set of a singular Lagrangian is only a strict subset of the corresponding dual singular fiber. This responds negatively to the previous expectation and leads to new perspectives of SYZ singularities. As extra evidence, we also check some computations for a well-known folklore conjecture for the Landau-Ginzburg model.
Simplices in large sets and directional expansion in ergodic actions
Authors: Björklund Michael , Fish Alexander
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we study ergodic

$\mathbb {Z}^r$

-actions and investigate expansion properties along cyclic subgroups. We show that under some spectral conditions, there are always directions which expand significantly a given measurable set with positive measure. Among other things, we use this result to prove that the set of volumes of all r-simplices with vertices in a set with positive upper density must contain an infinite arithmetic progression, thus showing a discrete density analogue of a classical result by Graham.
SLAPP vs. Mutual Trust: Protecting the Public Debate Through Public Policy Considerations
Authors: Nowicka Zuzanna
Published: December 2024

This Article argues that to protect public debate, which is vital for democratic societies, it is crucial for courts in EU Member States to apply the freedom of expression standards established by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) when adjudicating cases, particularly in the context of Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPPs). The Article examines whether the obligation to protect the freedom of expression extends to the non-enforcement of judgments that could have a chilling effect on public debate, and explores the legal implications within the framework of the EU’s mutual recognition regime. By analyzing the Real Madrid v. Le Monde case, the Article highlights the importance of safeguarding free speech and public debate, praising the European Court of Justice (ECJ) for providing clear guidance on when non-enforcement is necessary to prevent the suppression of the public debate. The Article concludes by emphasizing the evolving role of the ECJ in balancing mutual trust among Member States with the protection of fundamental rights, especially in light of the EU’s ongoing integration and its potential accession to the ECtHR.
Intra-Party Leadership Contests and Effect on Levels of Satisfaction with Democracy on Party Voters
Authors: Katsourides Yiannos , Ioannidis Nikandros
Published: December 2024

This article investigates the relationship between intra-party leadership contestations on levels of satisfaction with democracy among party voters, trying to identify the impact of the former on the latter. The article draws on empirical data for a cross-sectional analysis from three different data sets that cover 11 countries, including a more case-specific analysis that utilizes panel data from Germany. Overall, the study aims to capture the dynamics of intra-party politics and the magnitude of its effect on perceptions of democracy among parties' voters. We find that intra-party politics at its probably most competitive version, that is elections for the head of the party, does not seem to exercise any significant influence on voters' satisfaction with democracy.
Geometric morphometrics as a tool for evaluating Eublastoidea morphological variation
Authors: Anderson Lian C. , Bauer Jennifer E.
Published: December 2024

Geometric morphometrics facilitates the quantification and visualization of variation in shape and proportion through the comparison of homologous features. Eublastoidea, a Paleozoic echinoderm clade with a conservative body plan, is an ideal group for morphometric analysis, because their plate junctions are homologous and identifiable on all species. Eublastoids have previously been grouped taxonomically by generalized shape types (e.g., globose). These shapes are often used in taxonomic descriptions and as characters in phylogenetic analyses. The underlying homology of these broad shape types has never been explored. Herein we apply the first comprehensive use of three-dimensional geometric morphometrics (3D GMM) on fossil echinoderms to investigate taxonomic assignments, temporal distribution, and whether the varying proportions of skeletal elements that produce the gross thecal morphology are distinguishable. Taxonomic assignments specifically at the ordinal and family levels show varying amounts of overlap in morphospace, suggesting that many assignments may not be reevaluated. Our results suggest that none of the generalized shape types are distinct in morphospace and, therefore, likely do not capture the homologous changes in taxa. The plate circlet ratios showed trends specifically relating to the deltoid plate circlet, which has the most variability. We reanalyzed previous work and subsetted our data to be more comparable and found that there are key differences between methodologies and landmarks that will require future evaluation. Applying modern technological methods to previously explored questions allows for an updated understanding of this important fossil clade and provides a framework for others to assess fossil clades in a similar manner.
Systematic review, systematic bias? An example from EMI research
Authors: Hampson Timothy , McKinley Jim
Published: December 2024

Based on the rigorous systematicity assumed in systematic review methodology, it is no surprise that a prominent review such as Macaro et al.'s (2018) on English medium instruction (EMI) has been used as a basis for subsequent EMI research. However, in this article, we explore the ways in which the focus of systematic reviews can be necessarily narrowed and how this poses a risk to research when readers perceive them as offering definitive conclusions on all aspects of a subject. This article addresses two significant trends in applied linguistics. First, systematic review – that is, the use of formalised systems when reviewing literature – has become far more prominent and therefore more impactful than traditional reviews as a methodology (Chong & Plonsky, 2023). Second, there has been an explosive growth in interest in EMI research (Curle et al., 2024). There are further parallels between the two trends, given that both systematic review and EMI are umbrella terms that cover a wide range of research types. As we will see, there is perhaps more disagreement over how to conduct a systematic review than lay readers would suspect. Similarly, EMI is a broader field of research than appears in its most prominent systematic review article. Studies into EMI have explored policy, language learning, the effect on subject knowledge, attitudes towards EMI, ownership of English, and so on. Thus, while EMI is a growingly recognised field of study, it is not always clear what it means to ‘study EMI’.
New Phenomenology in architecture: embodied environmental communication for meaningful situations
Authors: Andersen Nicolai Bo
Published: December 2024

This article investigates the ideas of New Phenomenology, as developed by Hermann Schmitz. Schmitz distinguishes between the physical body that can be seen and touched, and the felt body that is the place of affective involvement. By locating the felt body as the basis of all human experience, Schmitz radically transcends the division between subject and object in favour of understanding human relations with the world as a question of embodied communication and meaningful situations. Basic principles of philosophical phenomenology, as described by Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger, are outlined, and New Phenomenology as conceived by Schmitz is presented. The aim is to investigate the relation of human being to the built environment. The Church of St Peter in Klippan designed by Sigurd Lewerentz, the Salk Institute in San Diego designed by Louis Kahn, and the Nordic Pavilion in Venice designed by Sverre Fehn are described, analysed, and discussed through the lens of New Phenomenology. The findings are located in relation to various scholarly writings on phenomenology in architecture, and it is argued that the content of the work of architecture may be emotionally gripped as meaningful presencing in specific situations. It is concluded that – in a world where we desperately need to rethink human relation to the environment in general, and the architect’s relation to building in particular – New Phenomenology can draw attention to human and environment as intrinsically connected. As such, understanding architecture in terms of embodied communication and meaningful situations may be one way to activate environmental awareness.
Foucault as Philology: On Stuart Elden
Authors: Behrent Michael C.
Published: December 2024

This essay reviews the contribution of Stuart Elden to the scholarship relating to the French philosopher Michel Foucault. In particular, the essay considers Elden’s impressive four-volume intellectual history of Foucault’s career: The Early Foucault (2021), The Archaeology of Foucault (2023), The Birth of Power (2017), and Foucault’s Last Decade (2016). While acknowledging the thoroughness of Elden’s research, the essay analyzes Elden’s reluctance to offer a comprehensive interpretation of Foucault’s thought and his failure to say anything about his significance as a thinker. The essay concludes by considering Elden’s work as a symptom of “Foucault scholasticism.”
Burning Cow Dung Emits an Inordinate Amount of Air Pollution in India
Authors: Brown Tom
Published: December 2024

Dried cow dung, a main source of household cooking fuel for many in rural India, releases more particulate matter across the country than wood and other biofuels.
Core Movements Could Be Causing Tiny Shifts in Earth’s Spin Speed
Authors: Derouin Sarah
Published: December 2024

Researchers use ancient eclipse data and new machine learning techniques to understand what processes changed the length of Earth’s days over the past 3,000 years.
Mining and Climate Change Alters Water Storage and Streamflow Dynamics of Northern Peatland‐Dominated Catchments
Authors: Sutton O. F. , Balliston N. E. , Price J. S.
Published: December 2024

The Hudson Bay Lowlands (HBL) of northern Ontario, a globally significant carbon store, are characterized by expansive peatland complexes of patterned bogs and fens, which play a vital role in regional water regulation. These peatlands are threatened by disturbance from large‐scale resource extraction and projected climate change, both of which have the potential to compromise their ecohydrological function. Field measurements and numerical modeling were used to investigate the hydrological responses of peatlands and downgradient streamflow as a consequence of disturbance from mining and shifts in climate, individually and in combination. Mine dewatering reduced groundwater storage by as much as 150 mm, equivalent to a water table lowering of 75 cm, thereby decreasing annual streamflow by 66% in impacted tributaries. Although the projected increases to precipitation and evapotranspiration due to climate change were approximately balanced, resulting in minor changes to storage, there were pronounced shifts in the temporal patterns of streamflow, with a diminished snowmelt and spring freshet occurring a month earlier. When considering the cumulative impacts of climate change coupled with mining, a potential shift in peatland ecohydrology toward new equilibria is plausible, implying altered water movement across the landscape and compromised ecosystem function. This study emphasizes the critical need for further monitoring and modeling efforts to characterize the thresholds and mechanisms driving these ecohydrological changes. This research will guide future investigations on the implications of disturbance on local and regional hydrologic connectivity and facilitate the protection of peatland ecosystems in the HBL and other northern peatland‐dominated landscapes.
Aromatherapy: A Novel Approach to Schizophrenia Treatment
Authors: Merkulova E.
Published: December 2024

This chapter provides an overview of the current understanding of aromatherapy, its application to neurodegenerative diseases and schizophrenia, and the observed effects. It further explores the relationship between aromatherapy and neurobiology, including the structural features of olfactory receptors, signal transmission, and distribution in the brain. The chapter transitions into neuroanatomy, the functioning of the human brain, the connection between the limbic system and olfactometry, and the assessment of olfactory functions in schizophrenia. Olfactory functions in schizophrenia are discussed, comparing the human brain to rodent brains, and describing the challenges of human research. Areas of the brain that are not yet fully understood but are presumed to be involved are also examined, along with the methods utilized for research (EEG, PET, fMRI), genetic engineering, swabs, and psychometric questionnaires.
Emerging Non-invasive Brain Stimulations for Schizophrenia
Authors: Wang Xi-Yu , Blumberger Daniel M. , Ismail Plabon , Le Foll Bernard
Published: December 2024

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) encompasses a variety of techniques that modulate brain activity transcranially, including transcranial current stimulation (tCS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), magnetic seizure therapy (MST), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS). These modalities are now extensively studied for their applications in various neuropsychiatric conditions, notably schizophrenia. In general, NIBS serves dual roles in schizophrenia. As a probe, it offers insights into cortical reactivity, connectivity, and oscillations, elucidating the disorder’s pathophysiology. As a treatment, NIBS has shown promise in alleviating positive symptoms (e.g. auditory hallucinations), negative symptoms, and cognitive deficits. While clinical outcomes vary, ongoing research aims to optimize stimulation parameters and identify patient-specific predictors of response. The integration of NIBS into therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia is cautiously optimistic, highlighting its potential as a transformative approach in neuropsychiatric treatment.
Unveiling the potential of RADA16-I peptide-coated silver nanoparticles for biomedical uses: a computational study
Authors: Zúñiga-Bustos Matías , Galaz-Araya Constanza , Poblete Horacio
Published: December 2024

Nanomaterials, specifically silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have demonstrated great potential in biomedical applications due to their unique properties, such as antimicrobial activity and conductivity.
Potential thermoelectric material Tl3XS4 (X = V, Nb, Ta) with ultralow lattice thermal conductivity
Authors: Song Xiefei , Wang Guangzhao , Li Wenzhong , Gan Siyu , Cai Yan , Ma Dianxu , Luo Yuhui , He Yao , Wang Ning
Published: December 2024

The demand for sustainable energy solutions has driven intensive research into advanced thermoelectric (TE) materials, to harness waste heat for efficient power generation.
A water-responsive calix[4]resorcinarene system: self-assembly and fluorescence modulation
Authors: Sosa María Virginia , Hussain Kashif , Prieto Eduardo D. , Da Ros Tatiana , Shah M. Raza , García Einschlag Fernando S. , Wolcan Ezequiel
Published: December 2024

This study explores how water content modulates the self-assembly and fluorescence behavior of two novel calix[4]resorcinarene macrocycles.
Unidirectional competitive redox enabled unsegmented natural sea-water splitting for green hydrogen production
Authors: Pradhan Hemanga , Mondal Ritwik , Nayak Bhojkumar , Thimmappa Ravikumar , Mendhe Rahul Mahadeo , Ottakam Thotiyl Musthafa
Published: December 2024

A membraneless, precious metal-free natural sea-water electrolyzer for exclusive green hydrogen production using a unidirectional redox competitive agent.
Rapid determination of iodide ion content in chloride molten salt by ascorbic acid reduction
Authors: Cheng Ming , Geng Junxia , Cong Haixia , Dou Qiang , Fu Haiying
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to establish an alternative method for assessing the efficacy of removing fission product iodine from molten salt spent nuclear fuel under acidic conditions.
Reusable EWOD-based microfluidic system for active droplet generation
Authors: Park Suhee , Ryu Jaewook , Han Ki-Ho
Published: December 2024

A reusable EWOD device enables rapid, precise droplet generation, reducing costs and improving control, ideal for applications like single-cell genomics and drug discovery.
Highly efficient combination of multiple single cells using a deterministic single-cell combinatorial reactor
Authors: Yoshida Mina , Tago Saori , Iizuka Kunihiko , Fujii Teruo , Kim Soo Hyeon
Published: December 2024

This study presents a novel microfluidic device coupled with a multilayer interconnect Si/SiO2 control circuit, named the deterministic single-cell combinatorial reactor, for the highly efficient combination of multiple single cells.
An accurate localization method for underground pipeline leakage points in chemical parks based on ultrasonic creep wave flaw detection and data integration
Authors: Wang Kangxi , Li Peiwang , Sun Guanghui , Zhao Zhuyi , Luo Wei
Published: December 2024

To ensure the reliable management of the safe operation of an underground pipeline in a chemical industrial park and accurately determine the location of the pipeline leakage point, a precise location method for the leakage point of an underground pipeline in a chemical industrial park based on ultrasonic creeping wave flaw detection and data integration is proposed. In this method, the ultrasonic creeping wave flaw detector is used to detect the underground pipelines in the chemical industry park and obtain the status signals of the underground pipelines in the chemical industry park. The improved K-means algorithm is used to fuse the signals collected by clustering to obtain abnormal signals in the signals; The wavelet transform is used to process the ultrasonic abnormal signals obtained by clustering, extract the local time energy density characteristics of the frequency band, and superimpose the image. By introducing image enhancement factors, the leakage area can be centrally located, the coordinates of the pipeline leakage points can be determined, and the leakage degree can be determined by calculating the sum of the damage probability of each leakage point. The test results show that the clustering effect of this method is good, and the separability measurement indexes are all above 0.925, which can complete the location of single point and multi-point leakage points, and the maximum location error is 11.55 mm. The reliability of the location of the leakage point is high.
Stefano and Marcello @ Work
Authors: Ridolfi Giovanni
Published: December 2024

To honor the memory of Stefano Catani and Marcello Ciafaloni, I describe part of their scientific results in the field of Quantum ChromoDynamics during their long and fruitful careers.
FCNC decays of spin-1/2 double heavy baryons to spin-3/2 single heavy baryons
Authors: Aliev Tahmasib , Askan Emre , Ozpineci Altug , Sarac Yasemin
Published: December 2024

In recent years, there have been many discoveries in the spectroscopy of hadrons containing heavy quarks. Almost all baryons containing a single heavy quark are discovered in experiments. The quark model predicts the existence of many baryons with double heavy quarks. Among the possible double heavy baryons, only Ξ+cc and Ξ+cc have been experimentally observed in LHCb. Flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) processes represent a promising platform for precise testing of SM and looking for new physics beyond the SM. In this study, the weak decays of spin-1/2 double heavy baryons to spin- 3/2 single heavy baryons induced by FCNC are studied within the light cone QCD sum rules method. First, the transition form factors of Ξ0,-bb → Ξ*,0,-b ‾ll, Ξ0,-bb → Ξ*,0,-b ‾ll, Ω-bb → Ξ*-b ‾ll, Ω-bb → Ξ*-b ‾ll decays are calculated. Then, the corresponding decay widths are estimated using the results for the form factors.
Top-mass determination from leptonic final states
Authors: Corcella Gennaro
Published: December 2024

The top-quark mass is a fundamental parameter of the Standard Model, as it plays a crucial role in the electroweak precision tests, stability of the vacuum and inflation. I review the method and the main results contained in a recent ATLAS analysis which measures the top mass by using the invariant mass of the leptons coming from W and B-hadron decays. The extracted top mass turns out to be the most precise single measurement by ATLAS.
Topology of the large-N expansion in SU(N) Yang-Mills theory and spin-statistics theorem
Authors: Bochicchio Marco , Papinutto Mauro , Scardino Francesco
Published: December 2024

Recently, we computed the generating functional of Euclidean asymptotic correlators at short-distance of single-trace twist-2 operators in large-N SU(N) Yang-Mills (YM) theory to the leading-nonplanar order. Remarkably, it has the structure of the logarithm of a functional determinant, but with the sign opposite to the one arising from the spin-statistics theorem for the glueballs. To solve the sign puzzle, we reconsider the proof that in ’t Hooft large-N expansion of YM theory the leading-nonplanar contribution to the generating functional consists of the sum over punctures of n-punctured tori. We discover that for twist-2 operators it contains – in addition to the n-punctured tori – the normalization of tori with 1 ≤ p ≤ n pinches and n − p punctures. Once the existence of the new sector is taken into account, the violation of the spin-statistics theorem disappears. Besides, the new sector contributes trivially to the nonperturbative S matrix because – for example – the n-pinched torus represents nonperturbatively a loop of n glueball propagators with no external leg. This opens the way for an exact solution limited to the new sector that may be solvable thanks to the vanishing S matrix.
Quantum anomalies and parity-odd CFT correlators for chiral states of matter*
Authors: Corianò Claudio , Lionetti Stefano
Published: December 2024

Chiral currents influence the parity-odd sector of CFT correlators in momentum space, playing a crucial role in the evolution of the quark-gluon plasma in the early universe. We demonstrate that these parity-odd interactions, which couple quarks and gluons to gravitons, can be fully determined in terms of their anomaly content by solving the conformal constraints in momentum space. This process involves a single nonlocal, massless axion-like interaction in the longitudinal channel, which remains protected against thermal and finite density effects.
BPS multi-vortices in chiral perturbation theory
Authors: Vera Aldo
Published: December 2024

We show that a BPS bound can be derived from chiral perturbation theory minimally coupled to electrodynamics at a finite isospin chemical potential. At a critical value of the isospin chemical potential, and for a fixed pressure value, a system of coupled first-order differential field equations can be derived for the gauge potential and the hadronic profile. This BPS system is solved by magnetic multi-vortices with quantized flux supported by a superconducting current. The topological charge density is related to the magnetic flux, but it is dressed by the hadronic profile. We discuss some of the main physical properties of this novel BPS bound. In particular, we show that a critical value for the magnetic field can be deduced.
Sols urbains et biodiversité microbienne
Authors: Maron Pierre-Alain , Ranjard Lionel
Published: December 2024

Conscientes de la dégradation de leur environnement, les villes s’engagent dans une transition vers des modèles de développement durable. Elles s’appuient sur la recherche de solutions favorisant le « retour de la nature en ville » plébiscité par les citadins désireux d’améliorer leur cadre de vie. Le sol étant le support de cette nature, il existe un enjeu de connaissances pour définir les pratiques de gestion et les modalités de conception permettant d’optimiser son fonctionnement. Parmi ces connaissances, celles relatives à l’écologie et la diversité microbienne du sol sont essentielles. Les microorganismes sont en effet à la base de nombre des services essentiels à la durabilité des systèmes urbains.
Le système Split-GFP pour visualiser les sites de contact membranaires chez la levure et dans les cellules humaines
Authors: Amseyan Carine , Blondeau Amy , Karazi Julien , Erard Marie
Published: December 2024

Dans le cadre du module d’enseignement « Physiopathologie de la signalisation » proposé par l’université Paris-Saclay, les étudiants du Master « Biologie Santé » de l’université Paris-Saclay se sont confrontés à l’écriture scientifique. Ils ont sélectionné des articles scientifiques présentant des résultats originaux dans le domaine de la signalisation cellulaire, via des approches expérimentales variées, sur des thèmes allant du développement d’outils moléculaires pour l’exploration des sites de contacts membranaires à l’étude de facteurs régulant diverses pathologies (leucémie, cholestase, déficit immunitaire). Après un travail préparatoire réalisé avec l’équipe pédagogique, les étudiants, organisés en binômes/trinômes, ont ensuite rédigé, guidés par des chercheurs, une Nouvelle soulignant les résultats majeurs et l’originalité de l’article étudié. Ils ont beaucoup apprécié cette initiation à l’écriture d’articles scientifiques et, comme vous pourrez le lire, se sont investis dans ce travail avec enthousiasme !
Research on Starbucks marketing strategy and future development means based on 4P model
Authors: Su Shitong
Published: December 2024

China is the largest developing country in the world, which determines that China is a huge potential coffee consumption market, and also determines that China is bound to become a lucky place for Starbucks. This paper for the research object, through the literature method, questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics method to analyze the marketing environment of Starbucks, combined with the analysis of 4P theory, found that the Starbucks product features, high price, offline stores, promotions to attract customers, promotion is not enough. In this regard, Author have proposed the specific characteristics of the product. In terms of improving the service level and price, the market segment is mainly based on customer demand, the channel mainly focuses on communicating with customers and improving the marketing experience, and the promotion mainly focuses on creating response measures in line with consumers. Suitable for the marketing of domestic coffee and beverage industry such as Starbucks.
Case Analysis of Jellycat’s Marketing Strategies Based on the 4p Theory
Authors: Yan Rongjing
Published: December 2024

As of July 2024, there have been more than 610,000 notes on Jellycat-related topics on XiaoHongShu and the number of views on related topics on TikTok is as high as 800 million. Jellycat gained a very high brand awareness in the Chinese market. Jellycat’s emotional promotion and its marketing methods will be analysed. Firstly, Jellycat’s product design employs the personification and creative inspiration of common items. Jellycat’s anthropomorphic toys assist consumers experiencing stress and solitude during their social development by fostering emotional connections. Secondly, Jellycat harnesses the power of social media influencers to bolster brand recognition and foster customer loyalty. Due to the large amount of traffic and social media awareness achieved through comprehensive cooperation with key opinion leaders, the Jellycat brand has a large number of followers on various social media platforms and enjoys a strong preparation for consumers to buy its products. This article suggests that brands should officially institute social media forums to reinforce these emotional bonds, enhance customer engagement, and bolster brand loyalty.
Analysis of Skims’ Strategic Marketing and Sustainable Growth
Authors: Yuan Ding
Published: December 2024

Skims is a brand that skillfully harnesses the power of social media to build meaningful connections with its customers. This paper explores the marketing strategies employed by Skims within the fashion industry, with a particular focus on the brand’s use of celebrity endorsements. The founder, Kim Kardashian, plays a crucial role in creating a captivating mix of international fame and genuine customer engagement. The study delves into how Skims leverages unique marketing approaches to draw in and retain a diverse customer base. By applying the 4P theory—product, pricing, place, and promotion—the paper examines Skims’ marketing tactics from various perspectives, offering a comprehensive analysis of its strategies. Additionally, the paper provides two key recommendations for Skims to enhance its long-term sustainability: reducing its reliance on high-profile celebrities and strengthening its commitment to social responsibility and environmental sustainability. These steps are suggested to help the brand achieve more balanced and enduring growth in the competitive fashion industry.
Bone Biopsies: Practical Considerations and Technical Tips
Authors: Williams Andrew E. , Ho Jessie W. , Sundaram Narayan
Published: December 2024

Percutaneous image-guided needle biopsies are a safe and minimally invasive method of obtaining tissue of bone lesions. Radiologists are an integral part of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach to patient care in obtaining tissue for both pathologic diagnosis and advanced genetic/molecular testing. By utilizing image guidance, radiologists can target bone lesions with a very low complication rate. This review will discuss our approach to image-guided biopsies of bone lesions. Radiologists should be familiar with patient selection and imaging workup prior to performing biopsies, as well as the importance of coordinating the biopsy approach and sampling with the patient's clinical team. Management of bleeding and thrombotic risk in patients undergoing bone biopsies is also an important preprocedural consideration and will be discussed. The majority of bone biopsies are performed utilizing moderate sedation for patient analgesia and comfort, but close attention should be paid to patient comorbidities and potential interacting medications. Although computed tomography guidance remains the mainstay of image-guided biopsy, there are some circumstances in which ultrasound or fluoroscopic guidance may be beneficial. New advances in powered drill technology have made tissue sampling of bone lesions particularly sclerotic bone lesions both safer and faster with increased tissue yield. Finally, we will discuss image-guided biopsy of difficult anatomic regions that require special techniques to yield tissue safely.
Endoscopic Drainage of Intra-abdominal Fluid Collections and Abscesses
Authors: Chittajallu Vibhu , Adoor Dayyan , Faulx Ashley L.
Published: December 2024

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has transitioned from a primarily diagnostic to a therapeutic procedure. EUS-guided drainage of intra-abdominal fluid collections is common practice with vast data in the management of symptomatic, mature pancreatic fluid collections. Evidence has demonstrated that EUS-guided drainage for these intra-abdominal fluid collections is effective with an acceptable safety profile. These techniques are being utilized for the management of other intra-abdominal fluid collections with equally positive results. This review will discuss the utilization of EUS for the management of various intra-abdominal fluid collections, discussing efficacy, safety, and limitations.
Ultrasound-Guided Thyroid Biopsy
Authors: Chintapalli Ravi Theja V. , Harmath Carla B.
Published: December 2024

Thyroid nodules are prevalent, estimated to affect up to 68% of the population, and the incidence increases with age. With the advances in medical imaging utilization, the detection of incidental thyroid nodules continues to rise, and given the low rate of malignancy in incidentally discovered thyroid nodules (4–15%), diagnostic guidelines are imperative for their management. Several guidelines have been developed: the most commonly used guidelines in the United States include the American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines and the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting Data System (TI-RADS). These guidelines call for the utilization of a biopsy of nodules depending on a sonographic morphologic categorization. This article aims to briefly review these two main guidelines and discuss the techniques for ultrasound-guided biopsy of thyroid nodules.
Percutaneous CT-Guided Deep Neck Access
Authors: VanDyke Caleb , Pasternak-Wise Olga , Michals Edward A. , Abdalla Ramez N. , Hurley Michael C.
Published: December 2024

Computed tomography guidance enables deep neck biopsies beyond the range of ultrasound and spares the patient more invasive open surgery. This review article describes proper patient preparation, devices, and techniques. Cases illustrate the favored access routes in the suprahyoid neck including the subzygomatic, retromandibular, transfacial, submastoid, transoral, and posterior approaches, as well as in the infrahyoid neck including the anterolateral and posterolateral approaches. A thorough understanding of the neck anatomy, assessment of prior imaging with respect to eloquent structures such as arteries and nerves, and a sound knowledge of the technique will result in an extremely low complication rate.