bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of control system for waste pyrolysis unit of agricultural complex with the application of fuzzy logic
Authors: Maksymenko Andrii
Published: August 2021

The object of research is the control system for the pyrolysis reactor of agricultural waste (plant biomass). The subject of research is the stability and the value of the calorific value of synthesis gas formed by pyrolysis of plant biomass. The biggest problem of the technological object (the pyrolysis reactor of agricultural waste) is the high sensitivity of the heating value of synthesis gas to disturbances in the composition of plant biomass. This sensitivity is expressed as a square law of the amount of oxidant required to achieve a high calorific value. Another problem is the deviation of certain time constants of the control object, caused by changes in the chemical composition of the plant biomass.
The built control system provides a high calorific value of the generated syngas by determining the composition of the waste, pyrolysis by determining the composition of the generated syngas in a separate isoenthalpic device, and stabilizes it. Information on the composition of raw materials allows to calculate the optimal parameters for the pyrolysis process, and, accordingly, update the controller's task. This information also makes it possible to compensate for changes in the time constants of the control object caused by changes in the chemical composition of raw materials, which made it possible to achieve a high robustness of the system. Compensation for these changes was carried out by training a regression polynomial. The training was carried out on test sets of time constant deviations. The resulting polynomials were used for convolution with membership functions of a fuzzy controller. Such a convolution made it possible to obtain the following membership functions that ensure compliance with the control quality parameters close to those obtained without deviations in the time constants.
Simulation of the constructed control system showed a significantly reduced sensitivity of the calorific value to the composition of raw materials, and also revealed a low sensitivity of the control quality from the deviations of the time constants of the control object caused by disturbances in the chemical composition of the waste.
The method by which the control system for the pyrolysis reactor was built differs from the existing ones in that the use of information on the composition of the pyrolyzed substance is used to accurately calculate the optimal values of the pyrolysis parameters, as well as to mutate the membership functions of the fuzzy controller. The method can be used in other similar systems designed for the pyrolysis of organic substances in order to expand their scope. In particular, for the integration of such systems into technological objects, they are more sensitive to deviations in the calorific value of the gas used as fuel.
Konut fiyatları ve tüketim harcamaları arasındaki ilişki: OECD örneği
Authors: VARDAR Sevda , KOÇ Selçuk
Published: August 2021

2008 küresel ekonomik kriziyle birlikte konut fiyatlarının ekonomi üzerindeki etkisi dikkatleri üzerinde toplamıştır. Bu nedenle konut fiyatlarının önemini farklı bakış açılarıyla inceleyen birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada konut fiyatlarının özel nihai tüketim harcamalarına olan etkisi, özel nihai tüketim harcaması, nominal konut fiyat endeksi ve GSYİH verileri kullanılarak panel veri analizi yöntemiyle incelenmektedir. 33 OECD ülkesinin verileri 2008 yılı birinci döneminden başlayarak 2020 yılı ikinci dönemine kadar çeyrek dönemlik olarak incelenmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki uzun dönem ilişkisi panel eş bütünleşme testi ile incelenmiştir. Uzun dönem esneklik katsayılarının belirlenmesi amacıyla DOLSMG tahmincisi kullanılmıştır.
Çalışmanın temel amacı, konut fiyatları ve tüketim harcamaları arasındaki ilişkiyi hangi makroekonomik göstergelerin daha çok etkilediğinin belirlenmesidir. Bu nedenle 33 OECD ülkesi çeşitli makroekonomik kıstaslara göre sınıflandırılarak ikiye ayrılmıştır. Yapılan testler sonucunda gelir eşitsizliğinin yüksek, net tasarruf oranlarının düşük ve kentsel nüfus oranlarının uçlarda olması durumunda konut fiyatlarının özel tüketimi etkileme seviyesi artmaktadır.
Bu özelliklere sahip ülkelerde çeşitli mali ve ekonomik önlemlerle konut fiyatlarında sert dalgalanmaların oluşmaması için çaba harcanması yerinde olacaktır. Aksi takdirde bu özelliklere sahip ülkelerde, konut fiyatlarındaki ani değer kayıpları özel tüketimi hızla düşürerek daha derin ekonomik daralmalara sebebiyet verebilir.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ТА ПРАКТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ РОЗРОБКИ ДОДАТКУ-ПОМІЧНИКА ДЛЯ СМАРТФОНІВ
Authors: Корнієнко Ю. К. , Франциан В. В.
Published: August 2021

У перехідних умовах реформації інноваційно-інформаційної економіки, глобальної гіперконкуренції на аграрних ринках, зростання обізнаності й очікувань споживачів щодо асортименту та якості продукції, особливо актуальним є використання українськими фермерами комплексу доступних інформаційних технологій та новацій. Одним з найбільш перспективних на сьогодні є ринок мобільних додатків, який характеризується активним розвитком. У поєднанні з бездротовими мережами вони мають значний потенціал розширення часу, місця і ефективності виконання робіт аграріями. Разом з тим мобільні технології відкривають нові канали зв'язку і можливості для введення аграрного бізнесу, потенційно пропонуючи більш широкий доступ до суспільної інформації і основних послуг. Метою дослідження є створення програмного продукту, який допоможе в майбутньому у вирішенні проблем, пов’язаних з надлишковою витратою часу на відстеження виконаних завдань та спрощенні цього процесу, а також проведення аналізу ефективності виконання роботи після впровадження ПП. Об’єктом дослідження є удосконалення бізнес-процесів і оптимізація стандартних дій. Методами дослідження було обрано аналіз - оцінювання та вибір потрібної інформації виходячи з переглянутого та порівняння - порівняння двох або більше аналогічних підходів або тільки їх окремих складових для отримання потрібної інформації. В результаті проведених досліджень було створено мобільний додаток з голосовим асистентом для двох операційних систем: Android та iOS,  що дозволяє вести облік виконаних завдань для великих та малих компаній та фізичних осіб.
THE USE OF CONTROL THEORY METHODS IN TRAINING NEURAL NETWORKS ON THE EXAMPLE OF TEETH RECOGNITION ON PANORAMIC X-RAY IMAGES
Authors: Smorodin A.
Published: August 2021

The article investigated a modification of stochastic gradient descent (SGD), based on the previously developed stabilization theory of discrete dynamical system cycles. Relation between stabilization of cycles in discrete dynamical systems and finding extremum points allowed us to apply new control methods to accelerate gradient descent when approaching local minima. Gradient descent is often used in training deep neural networks on a par with other iterative methods.  Two gradient SGD and Adam were experimented, and we conducted comparative experiments.  All experiments were conducted during solving a practical problem of teeth recognition on 2-D panoramic images. Network training showed that the new method outperforms the SGD in its capabilities and as for parameters chosen it approaches the capabilities of Adam, which is a “state of the art” method. Thus, practical utility of using control theory in the training of deep neural networks and possibility of expanding its applicability in the process of creating new algorithms in this important field are shown.
Formula Alternatives for Nutrition Therapy of Children with Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy
Authors: Novik Gennadiy A. , Zhdanova Maria V. , Zaitseva Yulia O. , Demidova Anastasiia S.
Published: August 2021

Well-recognized tactic for the management of formula-fed children with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is exclusion of whole cow milk protein and its replacement with extensively hydrolyzed or amino acid formula. One of the most topical issue is the choice of therapeutic formula for a child with CMPA. This article presents information about the clinical manifestations of CMPA and describes the principles of nutrition therapy. All the stages of preparation of adapted therapeutic formula are discussed in detail. It has been shown that the choice of therapeutic formula for a child with CMPA depends on the disease clinical manifestations, their severity, and the presence of comorbid conditions. Current requirements for extensively hydrolyzed formula are reduced to limitations in the size of peptides with immunoreactive properties and indicate the need for evidence of the clinical efficacy of such formula in double-blind placebo-controlled studies.
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF SPORT DANCE ON PHYSICAL HEALTH IN NATIONAL FITNESS EXERCISE
Authors: Wang Caixia , Li Lei , Wang Aibo
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Sports dance is widely known as a competitive game, but as a leisure activity, there is little research on the efficacy of human health and fitness. Sports dance, as a popular national fitness exercise, has sound health promotion effects. At present, domestic and foreign researches mostly focus on the impact of sports dance on young men and women. Objective: This study will explore the influence of regular physical dance exercises on the body shape, function, and quality of middle-aged and older adults, provide a scientific basis for the role of physical dance in national fitness. Methods: This study recruited 20 healthy middle-aged and elderly members of a leisure sports dance club without professional dance experience for three months of dance training. The first two weeks are pre-experiments five times a week. Each exercise time is 60 minutes. The last ten weeks are formal experiments, two times a week, 90 minutes each time, and no other physical exercises are involved in everyday life. By comparing part of the body shape, physical function, and physical fitness index before and after the experiment, the impact of sports dance on middle-aged and older adults’ healthy physical fitness is evaluated. Results: After three months of physical dance exercise with different dance styles, in male, BMI index, body fat percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference, and thigh circumference indicators all decreased, but there was no significant difference. In women, BMI index, body fat percentage (P<0.01), waist circumference (P<0.05), diastolic blood pressure (P<0.01), sitting body forward bending (P<0.05), and standing with one foot and closed eyes all increased. In women, the indexes of grip strength (P<0.01), forward bending in sitting position (P<0.055), and standing with eyes closed on one foot all increased. Conclusions: It is suggested that long-term moderate-intensity aerobic sport dance exercise can improve the body shape of middle-aged and older adults and help increase physical fitness; meanwhile, sports dance can effectively improve the cardiovascular function of middle-aged and elderly subjects. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF SPORTS ON STUDENTS’ PHYSICAL FITNESS UNDER THE HEALTH INTERVENTION POLICY
Authors: Yuan Yong , Yi Xiqiong
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: The main reason for the decline in college students’ physical fitness and health is the lack of physical exercise, the emphasis on study and the neglect of physical exercise, and the lowering of the physical fitness requirements of college students. Objective: The paper analyzes the status quo and existing problems of college students’ physical fitness and proposes that the school party committee issues policy-based health intervention measures, encourages school physical education teachers to participate in students’ after-school physical exercises, and extensively develops school mass sports activities. Methods: The paper uses a literature method, questionnaire survey, comprehensive evaluation method, etc., to analyze the internal and external factors of college students’ physical decline. Results: Through the practice density test of students in physical education teaching, it is learned that physical education in the first grade can fully develop students’ physical fitness, and the practice density of each class reaches 60%. The practice density of the second-grade optional courses is about 20%, and it cannot achieve the purpose of effective physical exercise. Conclusions: The current teaching content and teaching methods of physical education classes cannot effectively complete physical education tasks. It is necessary to adjust the teaching content further and improve the teaching methods. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
SIMULATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOINT MOTION AMPLITUDE AND MOTION DAMAGE BASED ON ALGORITHM
Authors: Zhong Shubo
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: With the continuous development of society and the continuous improvement of the economic level, the willingness of Chinese people to participate in sports is also showing an upward trend. However, how to reduce sports damage as much as possible during exercise should be a hot issue of particular concern to athletes in the sports world. Objective: It aimed to discuss the simulation of the relationship between joint motion amplitude (JMA) and motion damage (MD) via a rough set decision-making algorithm to avoid MD. Based on the rough set decision algorithm, JMA and MD models were constructed, and a motion data decision table was established. Methods: Joint change parameters and constraint conditions were set, and joint change parameters were analyzed. Moreover, the changing parameters, feature strength, and algorithm partition accuracy of the simulation model were analyzed. Results: The feature strength and the division accuracy of the rough set decision algorithm all showed good accuracy. The model constructed by such a method can well describe the relationship between JMA and MD. Conclusion: The proposed rough set decision algorithm can describe the relationship between JMA and MD scientifically and effectively, which provided reference value for sports. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
Immobilization of mutated xylanase from Neocallimastix patriciarum in E. coli and application for kraft pulp biobleaching
Authors: Huang Y. , Zhang N.-J. , Zhao Z.
Published: August 2021

Abstract As an important enzyme, xylanase is widely used in the food, pulp, and textile industry. Different applications of xylanase warrant specific conditions including temperature and pH. This study aimed to carry out sodium alginate beads as carrier to immobilize previous reported mutated xylanase from Neocallimastix patriciarum which expressed in E. coli, the activity of immobilization of mutated xylanase was elevated about 4% at pH 6 and 13% at 62 °C. Moreover, the immobilized mutated xylanase retained a greater proportion of its activity than the wide type in thermostability. These properties suggested that the immobilization of mutated xylanase has potential to apply in biobleaching industry.
An overview of the taxonomic instability of endangered Golden and Zhobi mahseer in Pakistan
Authors: Yousaf M. , Hasan Z. , Zaidi F. , Rasheed S. B.
Published: August 2021

Abstract In South and South East Asia three genera of fish species i.e. Tor, Neolissochilus and Naziritor are commonly known as Mahseer with at least 47 species. Among these 23 belongs to genus Tor, 22 to Neolissochilus and one to Naziritor i.e. Naziritor zhobensis. Recently another species added to genus Naziritor is Naziritor chelynoides in India. Among Tor species Tor putitora (Hamilton) is the most widely distributed Mahseer in Pakistan and other countries of the Indian subcontinent. However, based alone on morphological characters some authors identify the Pakistani counterparts as Tor macrolepis (Heckel), (a species presumed to be found exclusively in the Indus River system) distinct from Tor putitora (a species found in Ganga Brahmaputra River system). In order to resolve this taxonomic ambiguity, present study carried out meristic and morphometric measurements of Mahseer collected from a total of 11 water bodies of Pakistan. Ratios between the morphometric characters were calculated and statistically analyzed using t-test and correlation coefficient. Two species identified as Tor putitora and Naziritor zhobensis were the sole Mahseer inhabitants of Indus system in Pakistan. Tor putitora occurred at all surveyed sites while Nazirtor zhobensis had a distribution range from river Zhob to tributaries of river Gomal the right bank tributaries of River Indus. The study corroborates that there are no unequivocal morphological synapomorphies in any existing populations of both species. The study further demonstrates that head length, a character frequently used in Mahseer taxonomy, is not a good measure for species identification. Finally the present study establishes that Naziritor zhobensis still exists in the water bodies of Pakistan and that golden Mahseer occurring in Indus riverine system of Pakistan is Tor putitora.
Antimicrobial and toxicological evaluation of Origanum vulgare: an in vivo study
Authors: Liaqat I. , Mahreen A. , Arshad M. , Arshad N.
Published: August 2021

Abstract Origanum vulgare has been of great interest in academia and pharma industry due to its antioxidant, antifungal and antitumor properties. The present study aimed to find the anti-MRSA potential and in vivo toxicity assessments of O. vulgare. O. vulgare extract was used to monitor anti-MRSA activity in mice. Following MRSA established infection in mice (Mus musculus), treatment with O. vulgare was continued for 7 days. Autopsies were performed and re-isolation, gross lesion scoring and bacterial load in various organs were measured. Additionally, blood sample was analysed for hematological assays. Toxicity assessment of O. vulgare potential as medicine was done at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg by evaluating liver and kidney functions. Bacterial load and gross lesion in lungs and heart were significantly low compared to positive control following O. vulgare treatment. Likewise, O. vulgare treated groups had hematological, neutrophil and TLC values similar to control groups. Increased AST, ALP and total bilirubin alongwith marked hepatocellular degeneration and distortion around the central vein, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cytoplasmic vacuolization of hepatic cells was observed at higher dose. It is concluded that crude extract of O. vulgare may contain beneficial secondary metabolites and in future may be explored for curing infectious diseases.
Down-regulation of complement genes in lipopolysaccharide-challenged zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae exposed to Indonesian propolis
Authors: Wibowo I. , Marlinda N. , Nasution F. R. , Putra R. E. , Utami N. , Indriani A. D. , Zain R. S.
Published: August 2021

Abstract Although propolis has been reported for having anti-inflammatory activities, its effects on complement system has not been much studied. This research was conducted to find out the effects of Indonesian propolis on the expression levels of C3, C1r/s, Bf, MBL, and C6 in zebrafish larvae which were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Counting of macrophages migrating to yolk sac and liver histology were carried out. Larvae were divided into four groups: CON (cultured in E3 medium only), LPS (cultured in a medium containing 0.5 μg/L LPS), LPSIBU (cultured in a medium containing LPS, and then treated with 100 μg/L ibuprofen for 24 hours), and LPSPRO (cultured in a medium containing LPS, and then immersed in 14,000 μg/L propolis for 24 hours) groups. The results showed that complement gene expression in larvae from the LPSIBU and LPSPRO groups were generally lower than in larvae from the LPS group. The number of macrophage migrations to the yolk in the LPSPRO group was also lower than in the LPS group. Histological structure of liver in all groups were considered normal. This study shows that Indonesian propolis has the potential to be used as an alternative to the substitution of NSAIDs.
Use of antioxidants and time of cold storage: effects over viability parameters and enzymatic levels in semen of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792).
Authors: Ibáñez-Arancibia E. , Farías J. G. , Valdebenito I.
Published: August 2021

Abstract The cold storage of milt implies potentials alterations in its quality because the storage generates as main process, free radicals that produce spermatozoa membrane lipids damage with the consequent motility and fertilising capacity disruptions. To decrease the damage generated by free radicals the cells have antioxidant defences (proteins, enzymes, and low molecular weight substances). The objective of the present study evaluated the time storage effect and different antioxidants prepared in spermatic diluents on sperm viability of O. mykiss milt stored at 4°C. The two-way ANOVA denoted that the time storage and antioxidant influence have significant effects separated or combined on viability parameters (sperm motility and viability, proteins concentrations and superoxide dismutase enzymatic activity in seminal plasma). In contrast, only the storage time affected the fertilising capacity and catalase enzymatic activity in seminal plasma. The resulting analysis can conclude that the antioxidant presence improves the viability of cold stored milt, especially the transport conditions and the antioxidants allow the fecundity despite motility decrease.
Evaluation of methanolic crude extract of Linum usitatissimum for the removal of biofilm in diabetic foot isolates
Authors: Haroon M. , Iqbal M. J. , Hassan W. , Ali S. , Ahmed H. , Hassan S. U.
Published: August 2021

Abstract Linum usitatissimum L is a widely used traditionally for multiple ailments. The present research was carried out to explore the antimicrobial, and anti-biofilm activity of crude extract of Linum usitatissimum L (Lu. Cr). Phytochemical and proximate analyses were performed. The bandages of diabetic foot patients were collected from the various hospitals. The bandages were cultured to isolate the bacterial strains present on it. The disc diffusion method was used to identify the antimicrobial potential whereas the minimum inhibitory concentration of the Lu.Cr were also determined. Proximate analysis confirms moisture content 8.33%, ash content 4.33%, crude protein 21.20%, crude fat 49.2% and crude fiber 5.63%. It was revealed that Gram-positive bacteria are most prevalent among all study groups. Lu.Cr possess significant bactericidal potential against S. aureus among all other microbes. Owing to this potential, linseed coated bandages can be used alternatively for the treatment of diabetic foot.
Payment for ecosystem services (PES): a holistic tool for sustainable forest management-a case study from Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad S. , Habiba U. , Raza G. , Bano S. A. , Shah S. , Sabir M. , Amin M. , Alam S. , Akhtar A. , Hussain M.
Published: August 2021

Abstract Economic valuation of ecosystem services is a new concept in forest management. Economic valuation provides basis for payment for ecosystem services (PES). Therefore, objective of this study was to evaluate eco-tourism and carbon stock services of the Maindam valley, District Swat, Pakistan. For the carbon stock calculation, a sample size of 155 plots of 0.1 hectare (Ha) was taken using preliminary survey at 95% confidence interval and 10% allowable error. The data for tourism services was collected from owners of all the hotels, 100 tourists and key informants of the area at 10% sampling intensity on pretested questionnaire for twenty years period (1997-2017). Results showed that Miandam valley has carbon stock worth US$ 16,306,000 while the value of eco-tourism was US$ 1,578,458 on annual basis. The results also showed that trend of tourism has drastically declined after the 9/11 incident for foreigners and locals and the situation was further deteriorated during the era of Talibanization or militancy from 2008-2011. This study recommends implementation of PES strategy at the rate of 5%, thus a total of US$ 78,922 can be earned from eco-tourism and carbon crediting in the study area annually, which could play important role in sustainable forest management.
Pulsatile varicose veins: an uncommon presentation of a common condition
Authors: Gunawardena Thilina , Godakandage Manujaya , Saseekaran Balasubramaniyam , Cassim Rezni , Wijeyaratne Mandika
Published: August 2021

Abstract Varicose veins of the lower limbs are common. However, pulsatile varicose veins are unusual. They could be an indicator of a sinister underlying pathology, such as severe cardiac dysfunction. It is easy to miss these rare cases during clinical workup, which can result in futile treatment with potentially dangerous consequences. In this report, we describe 2 cases of pulsatile varicose veins that highlight different etiologies and management strategies for this condition.
Explorando quantitativamente observações feitas com espectrógrafos caseiros por meio de recursos digitais
Authors: Santos Jéssica Pereira , Scarano Jr Sergio
Published: August 2021

Neste trabalho expomos um método para obter calibrações em comprimento de onda de espectros para os quais não se conhece previamente as linhas espectrais, aplicando-a em uma atividade didática prática utilizando espectros obtidos de espectrógrafos caseiros. Apresentamos a configuração instrumental para obtenção simultânea dos espectros de interesse e de calibração. Com os espectros registrados aplicamos técnicas de processamento de imagens para tratar, otimizar a extrair os dados de interesse. Para o procedimento de calibração indicamos como pesquisar pelos valores padrões no banco de dados de linhas espectrais do NIST. Uma planilha eletrônica foi elaborada com o propósito de ilustrar o processo de calibração dos espectros por meio de procedimentos usando o software DS9. Demonstramos a aplicação do procedimento de calibração nos espectros unidimensional e bidimensional no caso do espectro de lâmpada de vapor de hélio, com a qual recuperamos o comprimento de onda das linhas espectrais com resíduos inferiores a 4 nm. Por fim apresentamos sugestões de algumas atividades didáticas práticas que podem ser conduzidas por meios dos procedimentos aqui expostos utilizando observações de fontes luminosas do cotidiano.
Timing of sugar introduction in diet and early childhood caries: a population-based study in preschoolers
Authors: ALVES DOS SANTOS Guilherme Nilson , LIMA Cacilda Castelo Branco , PEREIRA Ananda Souza , LIMA Marina de Deus Moura , MOURA Lúcia de Fátima Almeida de Deus , MOURA Marcoeli Silva de
Published: August 2021

Abstract Introduction Sugar ingestion is the most important isolated factor related to dental caries. Contact with sugary foods at an early age may represent a risk to the oral health of preschool children. Objective To evaluate the timing of the introduction of sugar in the diet of preschoolers and its association with early childhood caries. Material and method Cross-sectional population-based study with 888 five-year-old preschoolers from public and private schools. Parents answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic data, eating habits and oral health. The variables timing of sugar introduction (>1 year and ≤1 year) and dental caries experience were dichotomized and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression (p<0.05). Result The introduction of sugar in the diet occurred during the first twelve months of life for 73.8% of preschoolers. There was no association between the timing of sugar introduction and early childhood caries (p>0.05). The interruption of exclusive breastfeeding and low family income increased the prevalence of preschoolers having early contact with sugar by 32% and 23%, respectively (p<0.05). The prevalence of early childhood caries was 42.3% and was associated with a lower level of maternal education, low income, increased frequency of ingestion of candy and the use of nonfluoridated toothpaste (p<0.05). Conclusion The introduction of sugar in the diet occurred during the first year of life in most preschoolers and there was no association with early childhood caries.
Utilization of sugarcane bagasse aqueous extract as a natural preservative to extend the shelf life of refrigerated fresh meat
Authors: Mohamed Reda Mahgoub , Ali Marwa Rashad , Smuda Sayed Saad , Abedelmaksoud Tarek Gamal
Published: August 2021

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the extraction of total phenolic compounds of sugarcane bagasse using various solvents. In addition, the Sugarcane Bagasse Water Extract (SBWE) was used in refrigerated fresh meat as natural preservative. The fresh meat was dipped into water solutions containing various phenolic compounds concentrations (T1:125, T2:250 and T3:500 ppm). During 10 days of storage at 4 °C for all the treated samples were compared with untreated one. The results revealed that SBWE showed relevant values of total phenolic compounds (17.90 mg/g) and total flavonoids content (4.50 mg/g), as well as 45.90% of antioxidant content. On the other hand, microbiological examination and sensory evaluation have turned out to be the best treatment for T3:500 ppm. The SBWE showed an antibacterial impact on Staphylococcus sp. and a reduction in the Total Plate Count and in the group of Psychrotrophs. The shelf-life of refrigerated fresh meat treated with SBWE by dipping it into water solutions was also extended to more than 10 days.
A comprehensive approach to design molded culinary products using cottage cheese for school meals
Authors: Timofeevna Shamkova Natalia , Vasilievich Usatikov Sergey , Vladimirovna Dobrovolskaya Anastasia , Muhsen Abdulhamid Asmaa
Published: August 2021

Abstract Among the main challenges regarding the food industry, it could be noted that it is necessary to make food products with the required quality and affordable cost. Computing modeling methods solved such tasks by optimizing food recipes based on specific product criteria. However, the problem of optimizing school meals still needs to be addressed. Cottage cheese and culinary products are valuable sources of protein and calcium. They are particularly in demand for schoolchildren’s nutrition. This research aimed to develop molded culinary products with cottage cheese (cheese pancakes) based on the criteria convolution method using the Harrington-Mecher desirability function, i.e., a generalized desirability function in order to meet the physiological needs of school-aged children. The components used were cottage cheese, two additives from Jerusalem artichoke: (M1: «Jerusalem artichoke, pumpkin, pear» or M2: Jerusalem artichoke, quince, mountain ash), egg, and dry components (barley flakes or oat flour). Components were combined at specific ratios; the masses obtained were subject to structural-mechanical and sensory analysis. To determine the optimal equation of the dependence of the critical shear stress (yield stress) regarding the quantitative recipe composition, regression analysis was conducted, followed by Multi-criteria optimization based on Harrington’s desirability function. Two cheese pancake recipes were proposed, as they showed optimum quality characteristics of the final product: Recipe 1 (%): Cottage cheese 74.0, plant additives 14.0, oat flour 7.7, eggs 4.3; Recipe 2 (%): Cottage cheese 69.0, plant additives 17.0, flakes barley 10.0, eggs 4.0. The proposed approach was effective in optimizing various molded culinary products and represents a methodological basis for finding new innovative technological solutions in the food industry and public catering.
The Efficiency of Railways Specialized in Transporting Iron Ore and Pellets
Authors: Fontan Renata G. de Oliveira , Rosa Rodrigo Alvarenga , Lacruz Adonai José
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: the objective is to compare the relative efficiency of the railways specialized in transporting iron ore (MFe) and pellets (PLMFe), which are part of the assets of mining companies and pellet plants considering the 2016 scenario. Methods: the methods used were the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique, with the application of the output-oriented constant returns scale (CRS) model; the initial combinatorial multicriteria method for choosing the input variables; and Tobit regression as a validation strategy for the DEA model. Results: of the twelve railways evaluated, three railways were identified as efficient: Estrada de Ferro Carajás, Fortescue, and Mount Newman. Conclusions: the applied model was considered a good method to evaluate the efficiency of railways specialized in transporting MFe and PLMFe, as it determined the efficiency of each railway, suggesting the necessary increase in the output variable or adjustments in the input variables so that the railways reach the efficiency frontier. With that, companies can use the results of this study to guide future improvements to make their railways more efficient or maintain them on the frontier of efficiency.
Os intermediários anônimos da autoria: Raízes do Brasil e o aparecimento difuso do nome “S(é)rgio Buarque de Hol(l)anda”
Authors: Furtado André
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Analisar as resenhas propagandísticas e/ou sem identificação de autoria divulgadas à época do surgimento, em 1936, do livro Raízes do Brasil, de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, é o objetivo do presente artigo. Tais papéis se materializaram, sobretudo, na imprensa, e circularam de forma majoritária por inúmeras cidades do território nacional. Atento aos vestígios por vezes aparentemente insignificantes da documentação, o estudo ora apresentado visa a compreender a recepção e os percursos da lenta emergência da figura-autor em destaque.
Missões e devoções no “Nordeste” do Brasil: a atuação eclesiástica e a formação de uma taumaturgia em torno do Frei Damião de Bozzano (1930-1940)
Authors: Moura Carlos André Silva de , Silva Aerton Alexander de Carvalho
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Neste artigo, analisamos o projeto missionário do frade capuchinho Frei Damião de Bozzano, especialmente durante a sua atuação em parte do “Nordeste” do Brasil nas décadas de 1930 e 1940. Através das propostas da História Cultural, traçamos um perfil missionário do eclesiástico, a partir do seu ingresso na Ordem Capuchinha, com destaque para os seus estudos, funções religiosas, a imigração para o Brasil e a construção de uma devoção, constituindo-se como imprescindíveis para a compreensão dos projetos católicos e as suas relações com as questões históricas, políticas e sociais do início do século XX. Para isso, foram utilizados documentos confessionais e pessoais, periódicos, memórias e publicações do religioso, com o objetivo de compreender a estruturação das atividades da sua ordem no país, especialmente a construção das representações de santidade entre os fiéis.
GASTRIC RESIDUAL VOLUME FACTORS AFTER BOWEL PREPARATION WITH MANNITOL EXPRESS
Authors: BRITO Hélcio Pedrosa , SUGAI Beatriz , CHAVES Filipe Tomishige , IDE Edson , RODRIGUES Rodrigo A , CHAVES Dalton Marques
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Bowel preparation with mannitol is a well-established method in Brazil. However, factors that interfere with the gastric emptying time period are yet to be known. Knowing these factors may favor the examination scheduling logistics and the individualized orientation for each patient. OBJECTIVE: Know the factors that can contribute to the gastric emptying time after intestinal preparation with express mannitol. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study to know factors that may contribute on the gastric emptying timing: predominant type of diet, comorbidities, medication usage, previous surgeries, number of evacuation per week, bearer of bowel obstipation, fecal type, diet type, number of evacuations after the home usage of bisacodyl before the ingestion of mannitol and number of evacuations after the ingestion of mannitol until reaching a proper bowel preparation. Before starting the colonoscopy exam, an upper digestive endoscopy exam was made to aspirate the gastric content. RESULTS: Sample was composed of 103 patients, 55 (53.4%) women, medium age 61 (±12.1) years, medium weight 75.3 (±14.1) kg, medium height 1.7 (±10) m and medium BMI of 26.6 (±3.9) kg/m2. Average gastric residual volume was 120.9 (0-900) mL. Gastric residual volume (GRV) below 100 mL (GRV ≤100 mL) occurred in 45 (43.6%) patients, 24 (53.3%) women, medium age of 61.0 years and medium BMI of 26.7 kg/m2. Gastric residual volume above 100 mL (GRV >100 mL) occurred on 58 (56.3%) patients, 29 (50%) women, medium age of 61.0 years and medium BMI of 26.2 kg/m2. Comparing both groups, average fasting time period after the ingestion of mannitol was significantly higher on the group with GRV ≤100 mL than group with GRV >100 mL, 123.1 (60-246) vs 95.3 (55-195) minutes, respectively. There was also statistical significance concerning the usage of ezetimibe 6 (13.7%) in the group with GRV ≤100 mL and statistical significance in the group with GRV >100 mL concerning the usage of paroxetine 3 (6.7%) and tadalafil 3 (6.7%) and surgical history of prostatectomy 3 (6.7%) and bridle withdrawal 3 (6.7%). CONCLUSION: We may conclude in this study that the usage of ezetimibe and fasting above 2 hours after the ingestion of mannitol decrease significantly the incidence of a GRV >100 mL. The usage of paroxetine, tadalafil and surgical history of prostatectomy or bridle withdrawal may contribute to increase de incidence of a GRV >100 mL.
Libros de texto y nacional-catolicismo en las dictaduras salazarista y franquista
Authors: Ferreira António Gomes , García Erika González
Published: August 2021

Resumen Este artículo plantea cómo los manuales escolares forman parte del patrimonio histórico-educativo del sistema de educación, no solo por tratarse de objetos que muestran la memoria de los escolares, sino por ser un recurso imprescindible para el estudio de la cultura escolar de cualquier país. Conscientes de que los libros de texto han sido portadores de la cultura dominante de un período histórico y sometidos a regulaciones tanto políticas como religiosas, el objetivo de este trabajo es, en primer lugar, reflexionar sobre el tratamiento que se ha dado en ellos a dos pilares básicos como fueron la política y la religión, durante la dictadura de Salazar y la de Franco; y, en segundo lugar, analizar el contenido discursivo de los manuales, de los ejercicios y de las imágenes incluidas en ellos, que nos permitirá interpretar también el contexto socioeconómico y el papel otorgado a la familia y a las mujeres en un marco dictatorial. Tomaremos como referencia los libros de texto más utilizados por los escolares en las escuelas portuguesas y españolas.
Soil characterisation used in ceramic industries and an analysis of its feasibility in ecological bricks
Authors: Queiroz Abílio José Procópio , Morais Crislene Rodrigues da Silva
Published: August 2021

Abstract In this study, we aimed to characterise soils of three sedimentary deposits used as raw material sources for ceramic industries located in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The samples were collected in deposits located in the cities of Barra de São Miguel, Juazeirinho and Santa Cecília. They were named, prepared and submitted to tests to determine the mineralogical, chemical, physical and thermal characteristics using the XRD, EDX, Casagrande, granulometric analysis, TG and DTA. The soils presented compositions containing quartz, alumina and hematite, predominantly with about 90% of the total, with well-defined peaks in the diffractograms confirming the statement, and averages of plasticity and granulometric distribution that fit them as silt-clay. When heated to 1000 °C, fire losses were 17%, 16% and 29% for samples from Barra de São Miguel, Juazeirinho and Santa Cecília, respectively, which is due to the dehydration and burning of organic matter. Thus, they have met the requirements of the Brazilian standards that deal to produce sealing (with sintering) and soil-cement bricks (by pressing). The studied deposits offer satisfactory raw material for the ceramics industry and can provide soil for soil-cement brick (ecological bricks) production.
A especificação do desempenho e vida útil dos sistemas de pintura externa de acordo com a norma brasileira de desempenho - NBR 15575
Authors: Bordin Mateus Flores , Lantelme Elvira Maria Vieira , Costella Marcelo Fabiano
Published: August 2021

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é identificar e expor as barreiras e dificuldades na determinação e especificação do desempenho e vida útil dos sistemas de pintura externa de acordo com as exigências da NBR 15575. O método de pesquisa consistiu na verificação dos catálogos digitais e fichas técnicas disponibilizados pelos fabricantes das tintas, entrevistados projetistas responsáveis pela especificação dos documentos técnicos de edificação, averiguados os manuais de uso, operação e manutenção dos incorporadores. Após, elaborou-se um artefato denominado de mapa mental para ser utilizado pelos fornecedores, projetistas, construtores e usuários. Dentre os resultados, os fabricantes não especificaram a vida útil de seus produtos e os projetistas especificaram de forma prescritiva, relacionando tal prática à falta de informações de desempenho dos produtos. Os prazos estipulados pelos construtores nos manuais para execução da repintura das superfícies estão em desacordo com a vida útil mínima exigida pela norma de desempenho. O mapa mental representou a interligação entre os intervenientes do sistema de pintura externa, evidenciando os processos que não atendem às normas e que contribuem para que as tarefas subsequentes da cadeia executiva não atendam aos requisitos de desempenho.
Comparação dos métodos simplificado e de simulação propostos no novo regulamento brasileiro de etiquetagem de edificações públicas
Authors: Pimentel Breno Pontes , Silva Arthur Santos , Barbosa Andréa Teresa Riccio , Reis Marcelo de Miranda
Published: August 2021

Resumo Em2018, houve Consulta Pública da Instrução Normativa INMETRO para Classe de Eficiência Energética de Edificações Comerciais, de Serviços e Públicas (INI-C), para substituição do Regulamento Técnico da Qualidade para o Nível de Eficiência Energética de Edificações (RTQ-C). O objetivo deste artigo foicomparar os resultados obtidos pela aplicação dos métodos simplificado e de simulação da INI-C, em um Pavilhão do Exército Brasileiro. Foram avaliados dois programas de simulação (DesignBuildere EnergyPlus), três tipos de modelagem de cobertura (conforme projeto, modelada como material equivalente de mesmas propriedades térmicas de projeto, e adiabática), dois tipos de arquivos climáticos (“SWERA” e “INMET 2016”), e dois tipos de objetos para modelagem do sistema de condicionamento de ar da edificação (“PTAC” e “IdealLoads”), perfazendo 52 cenários, que foram comparados entre si. Em todos os cenários, obteve-se ENCE Geral de Projeto classe “A”, porém com diferenças de consumos energéticos. Concluiu-se que os resultados obtidos por ambos osmétodos da INI-C são compatíveis, ainda mais quando se utiliza arquivo climático “SWERA”.
Otimização termoenergética de uma edificação escolar: discussão sobre o desempenho de quatro algoritmos evolutivos multiobjetivo
Authors: Maciel Thalita dos Santos , Leitzke Rodrigo Karini , Duarte Carolina de Mesquita , Schramm Fábio Kellermann , Cunha Eduardo Grala da
Published: August 2021

Resumo Obaixo desempenho termoenergético das edificações resultou em uma progressão no consumo final de energia elétrica pelos setores da construção civil. A demanda por climatização artificial contribui significativamente para esse crescimento e pode estar diretamente relacionada a um inadequado planejamento arquitetônico. Através de uma estratégia de otimização multiobjetivo é possível identificar parâmetros de melhoria do desempenho desses edifícios mediante dois ou mais objetivos. Este estudo discute o desempenho de quatro algoritmos de otimização multiobjetivo aplicados a um projeto-padrão Proinfância tipo 2, implantado na zona bioclimática 2. Foram definidas como funções-objetivo a intensidade do uso de energia elétrica (IUE) para aquecimento e resfriamento e foram alteradas cinco variáveis: a espessura do isolamento térmico das paredes externas e do piso, a absortância solar das paredes externas e da cobertura, e a orientação solar. O algoritmo SPEA2 apresentou o melhor desempenho, alcançando uma solução capaz de reduzir aproximadamente 92% de IUE por aquecimento e 52% por resfriamento, em relação ao consumo do caso base.
Implementation of lean practices facilitated by BIM functionalities in the construction phase: advances and opportunities
Authors: Mariz Renato Nunes , Picchi Flavio Augusto
Published: August 2021

Abstract Over the past few decades, construction productivity has been at a standstill. Lean and Building Information Modelling (BIM) is attracting increasing interest in the construction industry as a way to increase construction productivity. This paper aims to contribute to the body of knowledge by identifying hitherto unexplored opportunities for the use of BIM functionalities as a support and as facilitators of the application of lean practices in the construction phase. A systematic literature review was adopted as the methodological approach in this research, and reported case studies related to the scope of this paper were searched. The results show that lean practices can be classified into four degrees of BIM support based on the level of current exploration. Just one lean practice (the last planner system) has been extensively explored, three have been reasonably explored, and five have just been preliminarily explored. Five practices have not been explored at all. This research summarises the already studied and the potential additional uses of BIM functionalities to support each lean practice, showing that lean practices supported by BIM functionalities are still underused and that further studies can explore additional ways to support these practices. This study holds great value for a broader practical application of lean practices, bringing faster and easier results with more extensive BIM support.
Analysis on the prokaryotic microbiome in females and embryonic cell cultures of Rhipicephalus sanguineus tropical and temperate lineages from two specific localities in Brazil
Authors: Luzzi Mayara de Cassia , Carvalho Lucas Amoroso Lopes de , Pinheiro Daniel Guariz , Lima-Duarte Leidiane , Camargo Jaqueline Valéria , Kishi Luciano Takeshi , Fernandes Camila Cesário , Machado Rosangela Zacarias , Soares João Fábio , André Marcos Rogério , Barros-Battesti Darci Moraes
Published: August 2021

Abstract Two lineages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus are known in Brazil: the temperate or southern and the tropical or northern populations. The distribution patterns of both lineages of R. sanguineus have epidemiological implications that can affect vectorial competence concerning Ehrlichia canis, the agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. Intending to identify the microbiomes of both lineages and compare microorganisms in R. sanguineus, we used the 16S rRNA (V4-V5 region) gene-based metataxonomic approach, through NGS sequencing on the MiSeq Illumina platform. We selected specimens of females from the environment and samples of primary embryonic cell cultures, from both lineages, and this was the first study to investigate the prokaryotic microbiome in tick cell cultures. The results showed that many bacterial taxa detected in the samples were typical members of the host environment. A significant diversity of microorganisms in R. sanguineus females and in embryonic cell cultures from both lineages was found, with emphasis on the presence of Coxiella in all samples, albeit in different proportions. The Coxiella species present in the two lineages of ticks may be different and may have co-evolved with them, thus driving different patterns of interactions between ticks and the pathogens that they can harbor or transmit to vertebrate hosts.