bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing a framework of CPD for the context of foreign language teaching
Authors: Oesterle Mareike , Schwab Götz
Published: July 2022

Based on large-scale surveys, it has become evident that the teacher has a major impact on the learning processes and outcomes of the pupils (Hattie, 2009). Transnationally, the impact of the teacher has been widely acknowledged (Day, 2017; European Council, 2009; Lortie, 1975). Many authors suggest that Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is a process that takes place within a particular context and that is most effective when related to the daily activities of teachers and learners (Fullan, 2007; Richards & Farrell, 2005). It is considered a long-term process and that teachers learn over time. CPD is therefore seen as an essential process of a teacher’s career to gain a lifelong learning perspective and to be able to adapt to the fast changes in society (European Commission, 2021b; Nitsche, 2014). Looking at relevant literature in the field of teacher education, one finds many definitions and interpretations of the term CPD. Especially in recent years, CPD and related terms such as on-going teacher development, continuous learning, or just professional development, have frequently been used as buzzwords or as referring to Kelchtermans (2004, p. 217) so-called ‘container concepts’ in teacher education (see also Mann & Webb, 2022, Chapter 1 this volume). Yet, what exactly lies behind these terms and what does CPD look like when put in practice?
Getting curious and gaining knowledge through transnational collaboration
in foreign language teacher education
Authors: Hoinkes Ulrich , Clausen Kyra
Published: July 2022

The claim to strive for greater internationalisation in the fields of
academic education not only corresponds to the pressures of an increasingly
globalised world but is also a response to the ever-growing challenges of
cultural diversity that exist within one’s own country. For students,
however, the geographical space relevant to their education is usually
constituted not by the nation state but by an educationally autonomous
entity of subordinate size. This is especially true in states such as
Germany, where the federal system is constitutive of public education.
However, every territory with educational sovereignty is in constant contact
with national and international educational concepts which – depending on
the topic – have a concrete relevance for its own educational structure.
This interplay can be well seen, for example, in the appreciation of social
multilingualism and its consideration in school policy. The field of foreign
language teacher training is a prime example in this respect in its
interweaving with overarching educational concepts...
Comparative study between fungicides and some chemical inducers for controlling root rot incidence of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under field conditions
Authors: EL-MOUGY Nehal Samy , EL-GAMAL Nadia Gamel , KALIL Mohamed Saied Ali , ABDEL-KADER Mokhtar Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Root rot disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kuhn and Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. is a major problem restricting profitable farming of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Under field conditions, some chemical inducers compared with chemical fungicides were evaluated for controlling bean root rot disease. Significant effect was observed for all applied treatments against disease incidence compared with control. Applied treatments of seed dressing plus foliar spray showed the highest reduction of root rot incidence followed by seed dressing then foliar spray. Salicylic acid as seed followed by foliar spray showed the highest suppressive effect against disease incidence followed by glutathione treatments. Furthermore, application of calcium silicate revealed higher effect against disease incidence compared with potassium and sodium silicate at both pre-, and post-emergence plant growth stages. Fungicidal treatments showed affect disease incidence in a lower extent compared with Plant Resistance Inducers (PRI). Treatment of Rizolex T50 followed by Topsin M70 was more effectively in controlling root rot than each fungicide alone. Such applied treatments could be useful for controlling root rot disease under field conditions.
Enhancement of shoot proliferation and evaluation of biotic elicitation effects on anatomical changes of pseudo stem and anti-lipid peroxidation activity of Curcuma mangga Val.
Authors: ABRAHAM Fariz , CHAN Lai-Keng , INDRAYANTO Gunawan , BOEY Peng Lim
Published: July 2022

Mango turmeric (Curcuma mangga Val.) contains many bioactive compounds that are used for traditional treatment of various health problems and ailments. Slow propagation nature of C. mangga have resulted in short supply to meet the market demand. The longitudinally incised half shoot explants promote 100 % increased of shoot number compared with non-incised shoots with the formation of average 6.6 shoots/explant when they were cultured either vertically or horizontally on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l-1 BA and 0.5 mg l-1 NAA. Biotic elicitation with 3.5 mg l-1 or 5.0 mg l-1 yeast extract or combination of 150 mg l-1 chitosan and 3.5 mg l-1 yeast extract did not promote shoot proliferation but exhibited anti-lipid peroxidation activity slightly lower than quercetin, a potent plant antioxidant flavonoid and butyl hydroxyl toluene (BHT), a commercial preservative agent which is used as a positive control. While absolute ethanol which served as a negative control did not show any anti-lipid peroxidation activity. Biotic elicitation of C. mangga plantlets using similar elicitors resulted in anatomical changes of its pseudostem with reduced number of thin lignified xylem cells and the presence of druse suspected to be oxalate crystals inside the cortex cells with delicate cell wall.
Sylwia Adamczak‑Krysztofowicz / Anna Szczepaniak‑Kozak / Paweł Piotr Rybszleger (Hrsg.). Angewandte Linguistik – Neue Herausforderungen und Konzepte. Festschrift für Izabela Prokop zum 70. Geburtstag. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 2020. S. 453
Authors: Miłosz-Szewczyk Karolina
Published: July 2022

Der vorliegende Artikel ist eine wissenschaftliche Rezension des Buches „Angewandte Linguistik – Neue Herausforderungen und Konzepte“ herausgegeben von Sylwia Adamczak-Krysztofowicz, Anna Szczepaniak-Kozak und Paweł Rybszleger zum Anlass des 70. Geburtstag von Frau Professor Dr. habil. Izabela Prokop. Im Band wurden zahlreiche interessante Beiträge präsentiert, die sich in die sieben Themenbereiche der Pragma- und Soziolinguistikstudien, Kontrastiven Studien, Interkulturalität, Spracherwerbs- und Sprachlehrforschung, Fachsprachen, des Übersetzens und Dolmetschens, Linguistic landscapes einschreiben und den aktuellen Forschungsfragen der Angewandten Linguistik nachgehen.
Magdalena Jaszczyk-Grzyb. Mowa nienawiści ze względu na przynależność etniczną i narodową w komunikacji internetowej. Analiza porównawcza języka polskiego i niemieckiego. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM. 2021. Pp. 375
Authors: Stawnicka Jadwiga
Published: July 2022

Book review:

Magdalena Jaszczyk-Grzyb. Mowa nienawiści ze względu na przynależność etniczną i narodową w komunikacji internetowej. Analiza porównawcza języka polskiego i niemieckiego. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM. 2021. Pp. 375
The Mix of Latin American Populist Constitutionalism
Authors: González Bertomeu Juan F. , Saffon Maria Paula
Published: July 2022

In this article, we study Latin American populist constitutions and their uses, seeking to analytically understand whether populist constitutionalism is, indeed, a thing. We posit that Latin American populist constitutionalism is a particular form of mixed constitutionalism in three senses: first, as a specific combination of substantive traits that includes both empowering and (some) constraining devices; second, as a peculiar politics of constitutional change that incorporates popular mobilization against pre-existing institutions as a key trait; and third, as a particular practice of constitutional enforcement that involves weak and selective implementation, often through institutional capture. By considering not only the texts of constitutions but also the ways in which they are changed and implemented, we hope to complement legal perspectives of mixed constitutions with a sociopolitical analysis of practices and contexts. By capturing the distinctive contribution of Latin American populism to the discussion of mixed constitutions, we seek to challenge both legal conceptions of constitutionalism that reduce it to negative or constraining features, and political conceptions of populism that simply equate it to authoritarian rule.
From Legal Pluralism to Dual State: Evolution of the Relationship between the Chinese and Hong Kong Legal Orders
Authors: Chan Cora
Published: July 2022

This article provides the first-ever comprehensive analysis of how the relationship between the Chinese and Hong Kong legal orders has morphed in nature since China’s resumption of sovereignty over Hong Kong in 1997. It argues that the relationship has evolved from a form of legal pluralism found in the European Union to a monist but bifurcated system—to a “dual state,” to borrow from Ernst Fraenkel’s theory. Recent events, including Beijing’s imposition of a national security law on Hong Kong and its overhaul of Hong Kong’s election methods, have consolidated that evolution. The analysis herein not only enables us to make sense of the developments in the China-Hong Kong relationship, but has five wider theoretical implications. First, it suggests a way of distinguishing a dual state from a fully liberal legal system. Second, it discerns the similarities and differences between legal pluralism and dual state. Third, it connects the literature on theories of legal order and that on the dual state. Fourth, it clarifies the relationship between theories of legal order and regime types. Finally, Hong Kong’s experience reveals the challenges of and potential mechanisms for maintaining liberal values in an authoritarian regime.
God and the Goodness of Death: A Theological Minority Report
Authors: Hartin Cole William
Published: July 2022

This article offers a critical re-evaluation of the role of death in Christian theology, especially as it is viewed in light of the incarnation. It situates the problem of death as an extension of the problem of evil and analyses the classical responses to this problem in the Western Christian tradition. From here, it brings in the theological “minority report” on the role of death that runs through the Western tradition, ultimately using it as a springboard for a constructive repositioning of death as a potential locus of encountering the benevolence of God in Christ.
Mapping the stars on the revolving sphere and reckoning time: star catalogues, astronomical popularization, and practical functions
Authors: Savio Martina
Published: July 2022

Among the astronomical texts devoted (in various ways) to the description/explanation of the stars and their phenomena, the sources allow us to identify a somehow ‘specific textual current’ that consists in those texts which were variously used or conceived as tools to convey knowledge of the ‘star map’ to a non-specialist public, even if they are different from each other in terms of structure and ‘technical-scientific’ level (especially in relation to the presence or not of the specific coordinates of the stars). The success of these texts over the course of the tradition is one of the main signs that suggest the diffusion of this subject matter in non-specialist contexts. According to the sources, the practical-applied benefit of such knowledge, above all in terms of ‘time reckoning’, seems to be at least one of the – certainly multiple and varied – reasons for this diffusion, and perhaps not the least significant one.
Prometheus BoundReappropriated: A Modern Greek Promethean ‘Palimpsest’ by Νikiforos Vrettakos
Authors: Karamanou Ioanna
Published: July 2022

This article seeks to investigate the cultural and ideological processes conditioning the reception ofPrometheus Boundascribed to Aeschylus in the so far unexplored poetic dramaPrometheus or The Play of a Day(1978) by the renowned Modern Greek poet Nikiforos Vrettakos. It is argued that his rewriting of the tragic myth bears the features of a palimpsest, whose layers include archetypal features ofPrometheus Bound,such as the Titan’s dignified struggle, his philanthropy, and the concept of human progress, filtered in varying ways through the mediating receptions (Goethe, Camus, Kazantzakis, Sikelianos, Varnalis, Michalakeas) of the ancientexemplum. At the same time, Vrettakos chooses to deploy Prometheus as his self-image and grafts the poetic ego onto the title-character to raise critical awareness and convey his ideological and ethical stance. These elements contribute to the play’s distinctiveness, as well as its power to move beyond the immediate socio-political circumstances of the military dictatorship in Greece (1967–1974) and offer a diachronic perspective on intrinsic aspects of the human condition: the dignified resistance to oppression, the limits of human intellect and the sense of humanism emerging from the perception of mankind and nature as an inseparable entity – a feature of Vrettakos’ poeticspar excellence.
A Persistent Borderland: Glasgow, the Anglo-Scottish Border, and the Making of (North) British Identity, 1700–1730
Authors: Wells Andrew
Published: July 2022

Borderlands are not just zones bisected by a border but are also conceptual spaces and areas defined by ‘borderwork’ activities. Eighteenth-century Glasgow was one such area, in which the typical activities associated with borderlands – tax evasion, feuds, and violence as a hallmark of inter-community relations or resistance to an overmighty state and its lieutenants – shaped the effort to produce a new ‘British’ identity after 1707. This article examines two instances of riot in Glasgow and emphasises the importance of the role played by lower-status actors and prevailing concepts of fairness in forging the Anglo-Scottish Union in one of its most important cities.
Origen’s Understanding of Genesis 1:1–5
Authors: Heine Ronald
Published: July 2022

This essay addresses two key questions that Origen raised about the creation story: the nature of the heaven and earth referred to in Gen 1:1, and the identity of the abyss and the darkness mentioned in Gen 1:2. It argues that he understood the heaven and earth of Gen 1:1 to refer to an immaterial plan for creation conceived and held in God’s Wisdom, and that the abyss and darkness refer to the realm of Satan and the demonic elements. It suggests that Origen’s understanding, at least about the second set of questions, had shifted in his later thinking from what it was earlier.
Basil: Philosophical Literacy Meets Biblical Literalism?
Authors: Brown Andrew
Published: July 2022

Basil of Caesarea’s sermon series On the Hexaemeron occupies a vital place in the early development of the hexaemeral genre. In homily 9 he strongly avows a literal method as he interprets Gen 1, avoiding a figurative method sometimes compared or traced to Origen. Earlier, Basil’s dismissive comments might give the impression that he renounced all use of philosophy, natural and metaphysical, in his interpretation of Genesis. Yet parts of his homilies employ current philosophical categories, and he happily employs moral typology in relation to the plants and animals mentioned in Gen 1. These tensions warrant re-examination of the connection between Basil’s commitment to a literal interpretation articulated early in homily 9 and his attitude to secular learning. In a sermon series for a general audience, pastoral purposes prevail over intellectual exploration; Basil limits his temptation to indulge in metaphysical speculation. Moreover, Gen 1 itself as a creation narrative seems to Basil to demand realistic and thus a literal treatment. But this literalism does not entail a thoroughgoing rejection of classical philosophy despite his throw-away comments. But he does curtail his philosophical discourse as spiritual benefits diminish and spiritual risks for his listeners increase.
Body Composition Asymmetries in University Ice Hockey Players and Their Implications for Lower Back Pain and Leg Injury
Authors: Resta Tiziana , Frenette Stephane , Rizk Amanda , Fortin Maryse
Published: July 2022

Resta, T, Frenette, S, Rizk, A, and Fortin, M. Body composition asymmetries in university ice hockey players and their implications for lower back pain and leg injury. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2830–2836, 2022—Right to left asymmetries in body composition have been examined across many sports, suggesting possible implications for lower back pain (LBP) and decreased level of performance. However, we are not aware of any study that has examined the presence and implications of morphological asymmetries in ice hockey players. The purpose of this study was to (a) investigate body composition asymmetries in female and male university-level ice hockey players and (b) examine whether the degree of body composition asymmetry is associated with the history of LBP and lower-limb injury (LLI). A total of 32 players (female = 18, male = 14) were included in this cross-sectional study (e.g., university research center setting). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to acquire body composition measurements. The parameters of interest included bone mass, lean body mass, and fat mass, for the right and left sides and body segments (e.g., arm, leg, trunk, and total), separately. The history of LBP and LLI was obtained using a self-reported demographic questionnaire. The statistical significance for the study was set at p < 0.05. Our findings revealed significant side-to-side asymmetry in arm and total bone mass in females, with higher values on the right side. Both males and females also had significantly greater trunk lean body mass on the left side. With the exception of greater arm bone mass asymmetry being associated with LBP in the past 3 months, there was no other significant association between the degree of asymmetry with LBP and LLI. This study provides novel data regarding the presence of asymmetry in body composition in university-level ice hockey players. Monitoring body composition in athletes provides information that can be used by athletic trainers and strength and conditioning coaches to develop injury prevention, performance optimization, and targeted rehabilitation programs.
Traces of Semantization, from Episodic to Semantic Memory in a Spiking Cortical Network Model
Authors: Chrysanthidis Nikolaos , Fiebig Florian , Lansner Anders , Herman Pawel
Published: July 2022

Episodic memory is a recollection of past personal experiences associated with particular times and places. This kind of memory is commonly subject to loss of contextual information or “semantization,” which gradually decouples the encoded memory items from their associated contexts while transforming them into semantic or gist-like representations. Novel extensions to the classical Remember/Know (R/K) behavioral paradigm attribute the loss of episodicity to multiple exposures of an item in different contexts. Despite recent advancements explaining semantization at a behavioral level, the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we suggest and evaluate a novel hypothesis proposing that Bayesian–Hebbian synaptic plasticity mechanisms might cause semantization of episodic memory. We implement a cortical spiking neural network model with a Bayesian–Hebbian learning rule called Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), which captures the semantization phenomenon and offers a mechanistic explanation for it. Encoding items across multiple contexts leads to item-context decoupling akin to semantization. We compare BCPNN plasticity with the more commonly used spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning rule in the same episodic memory task. Unlike BCPNN, STDP does not explain the decontextualization process. We further examine how selective plasticity modulation of isolated salient events may enhance preferential retention and resistance to semantization. Our model reproduces important features of episodicity on behavioral timescales under various biological constraints while also offering a novel neural and synaptic explanation for semantization, thereby casting new light on the interplay between episodic and semantic memory processes.
LRH‐1/NR5A2 interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor to regulate glucocorticoid resistance
Authors: Michalek Svenja , Goj Thomas , Plazzo Anna Pia , Marovca Blerim , Bornhauser Beat , Brunner Thomas
Published: July 2022

Nuclear receptors are transcription factors with important functions in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Targeting glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity using glucocorticoids is a cornerstone in the treatment of patients with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL), and resistance to GC‐induced cell death is associated with poor outcome and a high risk for relapse. Next to ligand‐binding, heterodimerization with other transcription factors presents an important mechanism for the regulation of GR activity. Here, we describe a GC‐induced direct association of the Liver Receptor Homolog‐1 (LRH‐1) with the GR in the nucleus, which results in reciprocal inhibition of transcriptional activity. Pharmacological and molecular interference with LRH‐1 impairs proliferation and survival in T‐ALL and causes a profound sensitization to GC‐induced cell death, even in GC‐resistant T‐ALL. Our data illustrate that direct interaction between GR and LRH‐1 critically regulates glucocorticoid sensitivity in T‐ALL opening up new perspectives for developing innovative therapeutic approaches to treat GC‐resistant T‐ALL.
Metodología para medir y evaluar el cumplimiento e impacto de sentencias de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Huertas Díaz Omar , Manrique Molina Filiberto Eduardo R. , Hernández Ramírez Mildre Yurani
Published: July 2022

Researchers make an effort to show the reader an analysis of the methodological model and techniques that have been designed so that authorities of the countries that make up the “Inter-American Human Rights System” have the capacities to measure and assess the compliance and impact of human rights of a civil, political, social and cultural, especially the compliance and impact of the rights that are being addressed by the judgments issued by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. To achieve this purpose, researchers guide their study and rely on the methodological horizon included in the “Progress indicators for measuring rights under the protocol of San Salvador”, “Human Rights Indicators: A Guide to Measurement and Implementation of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights” and other methodologies.
On the Fauna of Gasteruptiid Wasps (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea, Gasteruptiidae) of Belarus
Authors: Ostrovsky A. M.
Published: July 2022

Based on the samples of gasteruptiid wasps belonging to the family Gasteruptiidae and genus Gasteruption Latreille, 1796 collected in Gomel area during 2005–2021, the six species are recorded for the first time from Belarus. A brief information on distribution and ecology of these species is given.
Morphological Characteristics of Parasitic Nematodes Trichuris sylvilagi (Nematoda, Trichuridae)
Authors: Yevstafieva V. , Stybel V. , Melnychuk V. , Nagorna L. , Titarenko O. , Dubova O. , Makarets S. , Filonenko S. , Pishchalenko M. , Kone M. , Ilchenko A.
Published: July 2022

Morphometric parameters are analyzed and systematized of parasitic nematodes of the species Trichuris sylvilagi Tiner, 1950, obtained from Lepus europaeus (Pallas, 1778). The following parameters are suggested for the exact identification of female T. sylvilagi nematodes: the sizes of body, its anterior and posterior parts, width of body at the connection of esophagus and intestine, specific location of vesicular cuticular protrusions and vulva. Five metric parameters are established for the nematode eggs. The egg shell thickness, length and width of egg plug are suggested for use in addition to the length and width of eggs. Males of T. sylvilagi had strongly curved tail end, long spicule, and transparent spicule sheath which bears spines, and a bulbous inflation in its proximal part. The thirteen metric parameters, which we found to be of identification value for males, include sizes of body, length and width of its anterior and posterior parts, width of body at the connection of esophagus and intestine, sizes of spicule at various areas, and location of the vesicular cuticular protrusions. Obtained data on the metric studies of T. sylvilagi nematodes are compared with the published data.
Variability of the Phenotypic Composition of Cepaea hortensis (Gastropoda, Helicidae) in Western Ukraine: in Space and Time
Authors: Gural-Sverlova N. V. , Gural R. I.
Published: July 2022

The variability of the phenotypic composition of the introduced land snail Cepaea hortensis was analyzed in 6 groups of samples (in total, more than 31 thousand specimens), differing in spatial location or collection time. The results obtained confirmed the considerable uniformity of this composition, which has not yet been significantly influenced by the relatively recent repeated introductions of C. hortensis associated with the activity of garden centers and contributing to an increase in phenotypic richness at separate, still very spatially limited sites. The Western Ukrainian populations of C. hortensis are characterized by low values of the inbreeding coefficient, caused by a common origin and quite possibly by climatic selection favoring unbanded shells.
Spatial Heterogeneity of Steppe Bird Community in the Azov-Black Sea Enclave of the European Dry-Steppe Zone (Southern Ukraine)
Authors: Andryushchenko Yu. O.
Published: July 2022

Over the period 2007–2019, the author’s censuses of steppe birds in the Azov-Black Sea dry-steppe enclave determined five species as dominants and co-dominants by their abundance. Thus, Melanocorypha calandra dominates throughout the whole area, Emberiza calandra dominates in 4 subregions and co-dominates in 5 subregions, Motacilla feldegg, Emberiza hortulana, Anthus campestris, Alauda arvensis dominate in 1 subregion and do not dominate or co-dominate in 1–4 subregions. There is a general increasing trend in the total abundance of steppe birds and the number of their rare breeding species from north-west to south-east, whereas the number of their dominants and co-dominants grows in the opposite direction. According to the list, the correlation between the dominants/co-dominants and the number of rare breeding steppe species, it was revealed that the most valuable for the support of the steppe bird populations are subregions with the largest areas of virgin steppes (the Kerch Peninsula, Western and Central Crimea). The least important are the subregions with the highest degree of anthropogenic transformation (northern part of the Syvash region, western part of the Black Sea region) and the Lower Dnipro wetlands. Therefore, it is a high abundance of steppe birds and the maximum number of rare steppe species which should be a specific ornithological indicator of the status of zonal landscapes in the dry steppe zone (especially within protected natural areas of Ukraine) rather than general avian species diversity including introduced, invasive species, synanthropes, etc.
La censura cinematográfica durante la dictadura militar en Chile
Authors: Echeverría Jorge Iturriaga
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este estudio es describir el trabajo del Consejo de Calificación Cinematográfico de Chile entre 1973 y 1989, a partir de un análisis cuantitativo realizado con más de seis mil actas de calificación de películas. Complementado con documentos del Ministerio de Educación y del gobierno y aplicando una mirada comparativa con las administraciones anteriores, el análisis dio con hallazgos diversos. Por una parte, se observa con claridad una labor orientada a intensificar la adultificación de la cartelera y la prohibición de películas, junto con un mayor castigo al tópico sexual que al de violencia. Por otra parte, se observan importantes variaciones en la evolución del trabajo calificador (1983 marca una suerte de apertura) y en el desempeño individual de los diferentes integrantes del Consejo. Por último, se concluye que la censura cinematográfica no operó solamente como mecanismo de defensa sino como elemento transformador de la actividad cinematográfica.
The Mechanism of Personnel Support for Heavy and Defense Industry Enterprises (1946–1950)
Authors: Klinova Marina A.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The concept of “mechanism” is widely used in modern economic research. The mechanism of staffing is a set of forms and methods of forming the necessary quantitative and qualitative composition of the organization’s personnel. The purpose of the article is to identify the mechanism of staffing used in the period 1946–1950 at the enterprises of heavy and defense industry, to disclose the industry specifics of its implementation.

Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the research is the modernization historical paradigm. When writing the article, the author was guided by the principles of historicism and objectivity. Work with historical sources was carried out through general scientific and historical methods.

Results and Discussion. The mechanisms of solving personnel problems used at defense and heavy industry enterprises aimed at replenishing the workforce (transfer of employees, training of specialists in educational institutions, voluntary hiring, mobilization, use of labor of a special agent (prisoners, special settlers, prisoners of war)), securing personnel at enterprises (administrative and legal regulation and control of labor discipline, financial incentives for employees).

Conclusion. The industry specifics consisted in a higher intensity of application of positive (benefits, financial incentives for employees) and negative (administrative coercion, control of labor discipline) forms of staffing at enterprises of priority industry objects. The use of mobilization tools made it possible to overcome the personnel shortage, accumulate labor resources for the development of priority industries.
Determining the power of mechanical losses in a rotary-piston engine
Authors: Mytrofanov Oleksandr , Proskurin Arkadii , Poznanskyi Andrii , Zivenko Oleksii
Published: July 2022

This paper reports an experimental study into the magnitude of the power of mechanical losses of the prototype of a rotary-piston engine with an articulated cam mechanism for transforming movement, which was aimed at resolving the issue related to improving the efficiency of energy conversion.
It has been experimentally established that the greatest component of the power of mechanical losses in a rotary-piston engine with an articulated cam motion transformation mechanism is friction losses. Depending on the rotational speed, they are about 68.4...74.4 % of total losses.
The influence of the rotor rotation frequency on the total change in the power of mechanical losses and its components has been determined (an increase in the rotations by 3.75 times leads to an increase in the power of mechanical losses by 3.3 times). It is established that the rotation frequency of the rotor does not have the same effect on the power components of mechanical losses. Thus, an increase in the rotations by 3.75 times leads to an increase in friction losses by 3.0 times, and the component of losses on pumping strokes by 4.1 times.
It was found that an increase in the pressure of working body by 2.0 times contributes to an increase in the mechanical efficiency of the rotary piston engine by 1.1 times. At the same time, it was determined that the rational speed range, which corresponds to the maximum values of the mechanical coefficient of efficiency, regardless of the pressure of working medium, is 800...1200 min–1.
The resulting experimental data on studying the magnitude of the power of mechanical losses in the form of an analytical model of the influence of the main operational parameters of the rotary-piston engine with an articulated-cam mechanism for converting movement into a mechanical coefficient of efficiency have been generalized.
The results reported here could make it possible to preliminary assess losses at energy conversion at the design stage and to construct a rotary piston engine for different purposes
Investigation of the mechanical performance of the composite prosthetic keel based on the static load: a computational analysis
Authors: Subhi Kussay Ahmed , Hussein Emad Kamil , Al-Hamadani Haider Rahman Dawood , Sharaf Hussein Kadhim
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the numerical simulation of the mechanical performance of a composite prosthetic keel structure under static load has been explored, and the findings of this inquiry have been included. The prosthetic keel is constructed from an epoxy and glass fiber composite, 3 percent weight (MWCNTs with SiC), and a carbon nanotube, which are utilized in conjunction with other materials to create the structure. The force that is applied in this example is 1,000 N, and it is applied in accordance with the boundary condition that has been previously established in this case. The ANSYS modeling software package was used to create the prosthetic keel model, which was meshed and created. Because of the total deformation, the fundamental simulation results of the prosthetic keel model have been converged in line with the total deformation, which was used as a reference to determine the total deformation. The major outcome of the current numerical analysis has been successfully validated by considering the findings of the earlier experimental study. The mechanical performance of the composite prosthetic keel structure is determined by four primary criteria, the results of which are based on the findings. Aspects to analyze include equivalent elastic strain, three-axis directed deformation, total deformation, and equivalent stress (von Mises). Although only 0.00058 mm total deformation is created by the imposed static load of 1,000 N (the least attainable value), it represents the largest total deformation. The equivalent stress (von Mises) responded to the load with a response of 0.045 MPa, which is quite small. Furthermore, the equivalent elastic strain has also been undertaken and it resulted in a value of elastic strain of 3.4*10^7.
Magnetization of bioethanol-gasoline fuel blends for development combustion energy and reducing exhaust gas emissions
Authors: Nufus Tatun Hayatun , Ulfiana Andi , Hidayati Noor , Nuriskasari Isnanda , Ridwan Emir , Kusumastuti Sri Lestari , Permana Sulaksana , Susanto Iwan
Published: July 2022

The effect of the magnetization field on molecular interactions of the bioethanol-gasoline fuel blends was investigated. This technique was promoted to escalate both the increase in combustion energy and reduce emissions in the internal combustion engine. The bioethanol and gasoline fuel are used for the single-cylinder four-stroke engine with different mixtures, namely E0, E10, E20, and E30, serially. Distinguish of electromagnetic field strength with various intensity was given into the fuel by lower than 1,500 Gauss. The absorption intensity and the functional groups of the fuel molecules are characterized in detail by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The exhaust gas emission and the fuel blends energy are performed using a gas analyzer and calorimeter bomb. By increasing the magnetic field, the de-clustering of the fuel molecules is demonstrated by growing the absorption intensity to be advanced. There is no change in the chemical composition of the fuel as the magnetic induction was enforced. Reduction of namely Carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen monoxide (NO), Nitrogen oxides (NOx), and Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) gas emissions was attained to be 29 %, 25 %, 26 %, and 31 % using a magnetic field of 1,419.57 Gauss, respectively, compared to gasoline fuel without magnetic condition. The greater reduction occurs by employing E30 fuel with the same magnetic intensity, achieved up to 38 %, 42 %, 70 %, and 63 %, regularly. The magnetization treatment leads to improved combustion quality with efficiency increases up to 11.32 %. It contributes to perfect combustion in a single-cylinder four-stroke engine system. Reducing gas emissions can also bring a good environmental impact in the life, although the heat energy gradually deteriorated as the fuel utilized more bioethanol blends
Accident risk analysis of road geometric components using functional worthiness approach
Authors: Suraji Aji , Mulyono Agus Taufik
Published: July 2022

The geometric design of the road should be based on the road design criteria and requirements contained in the design guidelines. However, the limitations of natural conditions and considerations during the design make the road design not ideal according to the guidelines. Deviations from the guidelines may indicate that the road is not standard and has potential accident risk. This study intends to analyze the risk of accidents from the geometric aspect of the road. The purpose of this study is to find out how the level of accident risk is due to the geometric conditions of the road. The approach used in this analysis is functional worthiness where each road component is compared with field data and design guidelines. The data collection method was carried out by measuring the geometric components of the road, which included horizontal and vertical alignments. The location of data collection was national roads in the Jambi Province area with a total road length of 1.095 km. For analysis purposes, the road data is divided into 82 segments. The analytical method used is multiple regression with various statistical parameters related to these results. The modeling results show that the regression coefficients for each variable horizontal alignment, vertical alignment, and combination of horizontal and vertical alignment are 0.248, 0.349, and 1.170, respectively. While the constant in this regression equation model is 3.366. The greatest value of the accident risk contribution is in the horizontal and vertical alignment variables with a coefficient of 1.170. The results of statistical tests show that the relationship between accident risk and the geometric aspect of the road has a strong linear relationship
Fabrication of macrocrack-free thick chromium duplex plating for remanufacturing applications
Authors: Taufiqullah Taufiqullah , Nugroho Adhi Setyo , Ramdan Raden Dadan , Sasmita Firmansyah , Rodotun Siti , Ramelan Aditianto
Published: July 2022

The remanufacturing process of a hydraulic cylinder rod becomes a challenging prospect in the industrial sector producing heavy equipment. That is because remanufactured components can have the same product quality as new components with a more economical price.
Hard chromium electrodeposition is a well-known technique to provide a protective coating for the cylinder rod so that it has favorable wear and corrosion resistance properties. Associated with remanufacturing applications, the used chromium plating covering the cylinder rod should be removed first before applying the new chromium one. Whereas the removal process often slightly consumes the base metal and fresh thicker chromium should be deposited in order to preserve its original diameter. The main problem is that the thick chromium may experience macrocrack after the baking process at 200 °C. Hence, the observation of as-plated and as-baked thick and hard chromium deposit properties is the novelty of this research.
In this work, the thick and hard chromium plating over a flat carbon steel substrate was produced by the electrodeposition method. A conventional single-layer chromium deposit with a plating current density greater than 40 A/dm2 shows macrocracks after the baking process at 200 °C for an hour. For the chromium duplex plating composed of two Cr layers, the maximum thickness of the deposit was 261.0±8.5 microns, and the macrocrack was observed. Meanwhile, the as-baked duplex chromium plating composed of a polished Cr-C layer and a Cr layer has a microcrack density of 337±8 cracks/cm and hardness of 924.8±22.2 HV0.3 without macrocracks. EPMA characterization confirmed the presence of a carbon element in the Cr-C layer, and it is presumed due to carbon co-deposition from formic acid additives.
Devising an approach to the identification of system users by their behavior using machine learning methods
Authors: Martovytskyi Vitalii , Sievierinov Оleksandr , Liashenko Oleksii , Koltun Yuri , Liashenko Serhii , Kis Viktor , Sukhoteplyi Vladyslav , Nosyk Andrii , Konov Dmytro , Yevstrat Dmytro
Published: July 2022

One of the biggest reasons that lead to violations of the security of companies’ services is obtaining access by the intruder to the legitimate accounts of users in the system. It is almost impossible to fight this since the intruder is authorized as a legitimate user, which makes intrusion detection systems ineffective. Thus, the task to devise methods and means of protection (intrusion detection) that would make it possible to identify system users by their behavior becomes relevant. This will in no way protect against the theft of the data of the accounts of users of the system but will make it possible to counteract the intruders in cases where they use this account for further hacking of the system. The object of this study is the process of protecting system users in the case of theft of their authentication data. The subject is the process of identifying users of the system by their behavior in the system. This paper reports a functional model of the process of ensuring the identification of users by their behavior in the system, which makes it possible to build additional means of protecting system users in the case of theft of their authentication data. The identification model takes into consideration the statistical parameters of user behavior that were obtained during the session. In contrast to the existing approaches, the proposed model makes it possible to provide a comprehensive approach to the analysis of the behavior of users both during their work (in a real-time mode) and after the session is over (in a delayed mode). An experimental study on the proposed approach of identifying users by their behavior in the system showed that the built patterns of user behavior using machine learning methods demonstrated an assessment of the quality of identification exceeding 0.95
Building a mathematical model of the destruction of a connecting rod-piston group in the car engine at hydraulic lock
Authors: Khrulev Alexander , Saraiev Oleksii
Published: July 2022

This paper investigates the process of destruction of parts of the connecting rod-piston group of the engine due to hydraulic lock after the ingress of liquid into the cylinders of the engine. Comparing expert data on actual engine destruction due to hydrolock with existing estimation models has made it possible to identify a number of significant contradictions affecting the objectivity and accuracy of the destruction assessment.
To resolve the existing contradictions, a mathematical model for reconstructing the destruction of the connecting rod-piston group of the engine during a hydraulic lock has been improved. Unlike the existing ones, the model makes it possible to take into consideration not only the static deformation of the connecting rod but also to give a comprehensive assessment of the deformations of the connecting rod, piston pin, and piston at different volumes of hydrolock fluid.
Underlying the model is the hypothesis assuming that the deformation of the piston pin under excessive load caused by hydraulic lock leads to the emergence of tension and an increase in the friction in the mated pin-piston. The calculation from the condition of differential change in the amount of friction in the mated pin-piston produced a satisfactory result that does not contradict the practical data and has confirmed the working hypothesis.
By calculation, the onset of the destruction of engine parts during hydrolock at a pressure in the cylinder close to 17.3 MPa, at a crankshaft angle of about 346°, was revealed. In addition, it was found that in the case of violating the operating conditions, due to friction, the mated pin-piston is exposed to the lateral force on the skirt that reaches 17.2 MPa, which exceeds the permissible one, calculated according to known procedures, by 2.8 times.
The results reported here are confirmed by known practical data, which makes the devised model applicable to the practice of expert studies into the causes of engine malfunctions when violating the operating conditions of a car
Revealing the effect of plasma-chemical treatment of propane-butane fuel on the environmental characteristics of the internal combustion engine
Authors: Avramenko Andrii , Vnukova Nataliia , Kozlovskyi Oleksandr , Zipunnikov Mykola , Hradovych Nina , Darmofal Eleonora , Khaneichuk Katarina
Published: July 2022

One of the key problems of modern engine construction is the improvement of environmental performance while ensuring a competitive price of produced engines. This is achieved using state-of-the-art control systems, expensive fuel equipment, and complex exhaust gas neutralization systems. The search for ways to improve the environmental performance of transport engines without significant complication of their structure is a priority area of modern research.
Plasma chemical treatment of gas makes it possible to reduce the level of harmful substances in exhaust gases by 1.5‒4 times relative to operation on propane-butane without processing. This paper considers the possibility of using a plasma dynamic stabilization technique and conducting an electric discharge without contact with metal electrodes for the implementation of endothermic reactions whose implementation requires energy from an external source. During test experiments, volt-ampere characteristics of the system with needle electrodes were established, the distance between which was 2‒5 mm at different feed pressures of propane-butane gas mixture (75 % propane and 25 % butane). At the outlet of the plasma-chemical reactor, a hydrogen-containing gas mixture is obtained, which is subsequently supplied to the combustion chamber through the regular gas fuel system of the engine. Next, when such a gas mixture burns in the combustion chamber, hydrogen acts as a catalyst for chemical reactions, which reduces the thickness of the flame extinguishing front, increases the speed and completeness of combustion of the gas mixture. Based on the results of comparative motor studies, it was found that plasma-chemical treatment of propane-butane has almost no influence on the effective efficiency of the engine and specific fuel consumption. It should also be noted that the use of plasma-chemical reactors on board a vehicle allows them to be integrated into regular gas fuel engine systems with minimal changes in their structure, which has almost no effect on the mass-size indicators and maintenance conditions of the gas fuel system