bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE AND IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY DURING GLOBALIZATION ERA
Authors: Turkeshi Neritan
Published: September 2021

In the contemporary conditions of economization, one cannot think of the economic development of a country as well as the world economy without reciprocal economic relationships between the countries. Therefore, the foreign trade represents an important activity within the area of trading and economy in general. The foreign trade deals with economic relations of a country with the other countries of the world in the field of sales (export) and purchasing (import) of commodities and in performing various services. So, in other words, the foreign trade includes all economic transactions of the relevant country with the other countries of the world. Thus, in contemporary international economic conditions, there cannot be an autarkic economy (closed within). Therefore, there is an objective need that any country, regardless of socio-economic system and the level of development, must have economic relations with the outside world. International trade represents a main part of the world‘s economy and can be defined in the narrow and broad sense of the word. In the narrow sense of the word the foreign trade implies export and import of goods, while in the wider sense of the word are included various services as well. The economic relations are indispensable and are conditioned by a number of factors, and the most important are: different manufacturing conditions, the level of manufacturing costs, changes in sales, etc. The world‘s countries are located in different parts of the globe and are characterized with different climate conditions as well as with various natural resources. The factor that conditions the foreign trade is also the element of preferences in commodities, as well as the principle of comparative advantage. This principle leads to specialization and international division of labor, which consequently has an economic efficiency. Thus, we distinguish countries with absolute advantage and countries with comparative advantage for particular commodities.
COMMUNICATIONS BARRIERS AS A RESULT OF HUMAN, NOT TECHNICAL LIMITATIONS IN THE WORKING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kafedjiska Viktorija
Published: September 2021

In a world of mobile phone, video-conferencing and internet technologies, it is easy assume that our communication problems are over. This kind of technological optimism is, of course, actively promoted by those whose job it is to market the latest hardware and software. However, while technology provides ever faster and more portable communication channels, with increasing carrying capacity (or ‗band with‘), the quality and effectiveness of communication flowing through any channel depends ultimately on the communicative practices adopted by users As communicators, we are almost always over-optimistic about our messages, assuming they will survive unscathed, all the way from our own brains to those of the receiver. In fact, all messages are vulnerable to the phenomenon of ‗noise‘. We consider how insights from disciplines such as psychology, anthropology and ethics have informed our understanding of human communication processes. The original conceptualization of ‗noise‘ referred to technological problems, however, it will become clear that communication barriers are primarily the result of human limitations. Consequently, the key to avoiding communication failure is self-awareness on the part of the sender. Research suggests that our ability to communicate with one another is profoundly influenced by three inter-related mechanisms: alertness and attention: affecting what data our senses manage to pick up; perception: resulting in different interpretations of the same sensory data; memory: affecting the messages we retain and those we can subsequently recall. The key lesson is that the capabilities of different people will vary in each of these areas, affecting their ability to communicate. Furthermore, the same individual can display wide variations at different points in time. When receivers are repeatedly exposed to the same stimuli, they become ‗habituated‘ to it, the response is no longer activated, and the message blends into the background. This adaptation has important implications for communicators. The first relates to the social psychological phenomenon of conformity, a process in which the norms, values and behaviours of an individual begin to follow those of the wider group. The second concerns cultural differences, where individuals in one social group may have different norms, values or behaviour to individuals associated with another grouping. The third barrier is caused by ethical constraints exerted by the organization. So, in a word, barriers in communications are not so much caused by technology, but above all, by human limitation. Although, we all, think we are good communicators, misunderstandings, actually have an epidemic scale.
AMERICAN BUSINESS CULTURE: AN OVERVIEW OF THE NATIONAL CULTURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURAL DIMENSIONS IN THE USA
Authors: Postolov Kiril , Magdinceva Sopova Marija , Bardarova Snezana , Ristovska Andrijana
Published: September 2021

This paper elaborates the issue about the importance of the national cultural values and organizational culture, through analysis and explanations of the American workers‘ culture in the organizational environment, observed through the prism of Hofstede‘s cultural dimensions in the USA/observed through the application of Hofstede‘s model in the context of the USA. In this regard, the leadership in American companies is also considered as a process that is significantly determined by the national and organizational cultural influences, by comparing the American and Japanese management styles, but also by perceiving the role of women in management in this country, that is, the issue of the "glass ceiling" concept. Each enterprise has a certain form of organizational culture that is currently dominant, but according to the requirements and impacts of various factors, it can be changed. The company always aims to recruit human resources that have developed a similar culture as that of the enterprise and have enough predispositions to accept it. There is often a comparison between companies in terms of their organizational culture. Thus, in some organizations, relations are highly formal and strictly hierarchically set, while in others, organizational culture is very open and informal. The findings of the cultural analysis of the American workers has shown that their culture is characterized by a high degree of flexibility and informality in relation to the manager-employee relationship, as well as in other aspects of the work; a high degree of individualism that is perceived through a strong appreciation of the achievement of individual initiative and achievement, self-esteem, autonomy and independence; tendency to achieve great successes; as well as freedom of expression and tolerance towards other ideas or opinions. At the same time, their management style is not based on too rigid norms and behavioral rules. Regarding the representation of women in management, although they are increasingly progressing and becoming part of the managerial staff, their number and influence still vary significantly.
WITH KNOWLEDGE TO BETTER FUTURE
Authors: Grubor Marina , Šmelcerović Miodrag
Published: September 2021

Innovation in education technology, under the influence of the modern information and communication complex, has allowed the development, modernization and rationalization of education, thus creating completely new paradigms in the field of knowledge transfer. New technologies provide efficient, diversified and autonomous access to knowledge, and this significantly changes the organization of the teaching or educational process as a whole. In addition, the complexity and multidimensionality of modern communication transmits the educational process into a simulated environment. By the way, the condition in such a way of simulated - virtual reality is interaction. Contemporary educational processes require new studies, as well as teaching and upbringing through modern means of communication and modern expression, which become an integral part of a specific and autonomous field of knowledge process in pedagogical theory and practice. The use of information and communication technologies in education is the future, which all speaks in favor of Serbian enlightenment and how they want new knowledge and discussion about how the future of the future will look. And exactly in this virtual space, outside the classroom, and actually in the classroom, the biggest changes are taking place. Because of the enormous amount of information from modern media (TV, radio, computer networks), the teacher of the future becomes more and more difficult to teach young people why it is important to be able to read, write. Indeed, the media, TV, radio, and computers were created by people with literacy skills, not people from the media. In order to filter the enormous amount of information that students will encounter inside and outside the school, using multimedia computer networks, the teacher of the future must act as a measure, perspective of the provider. The simplest way to provide this perspective in the context of a curriculum is to learn from where information came from: History of technology, history of science, history of mathematics, history of language, art history, history of history (including the history of the "future"!). In other words, regardless of the subject to be taught, the teacher will in the future have to give the students a sense of evolution of the subject in order to provide a reason for thinking in the continuous flow of information, not in parts. " The School of the Future will be moved from classrooms to parks and museums, students will learn to meditate, and the main assistant teachers will be artificial intelligence. It is time for pedagogy to catch up with technology. Since recently, computer networks are paradise literacy, the textual state is rapidly passing, and computer network research quickly moves to multimedia This means that digital images (moving images, audio, graphics) will become the biggest influence on these networks.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BASED ON TOURISM POTENTIALS IN KOSOVO
Authors: Nimani Artan , Zeqiraj Valbona
Published: September 2021

Tourism comprises the activities of people travelling and staying in different places from the country of their habitual residence, for a period not longer than one calendar year, and the purpose of this trip is leisure. Tourism, somehow, includes the natural resources of a country or a particular region. Many countries pay primary importance to tourism development. But besides the natural resources, human resources for the industry are also rated as 'raw material' or are predicted by experts as the most important factor that will be coped by the industry over the past decades and the next. It is not enough for a country to be rich in natural beauty in order to be a tourist destination. There should interact: better management, culture, tradition, welcoming, quality of service, etc. All these affect the evolution or development of natural resources that directly affect the economic growth of a country. Supporting the development of traditional economic branches has not brought any major effect on the ongoing development in Kosovo, so that enrichment of economic structure and the development of new branches provide an important opportunity for qualitative advancement of the economy and the entire Kosovo society. The purpose of this paper is to highlight some aspects which identify opportunities and the importance of providing tourism development in the growth and progress of the Kosovo society. The impact of tourism on the economy of various countries in the world is recognized and the positive effects are usually expressed based in the revenue that the country generates during a certain period. It means that while other countries are wondering what has happened to the development of tourism during the year, we still have to ask, will it happen or how will tourism development happen to us.219 Kosovo is now on the way out of the crisis as political, security, economic, social or other ones, which have dominated for years. Based on the principle that the country cannot have a sustainable future without economic development, but no sustainable economic development without stability, it is quite necessary to identify the factors that contribute to the sustainability of the country. One of the factors which may contribute to the rapid emergence of severe crises is the development of tourism.
CORELATION BETWEEN TRANFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION
Authors: Stefanović Vidoje , Azemović Nedzad
Published: September 2021

The traditional way leading people and directing their behavior can not give satisfactory results in the current business environment. What modern organizations in their operations can represent significant support isimplementing effective ways of keeping employees.As the best solution to the demands imposes the transformational leadership, as one of the modern leadership styles. The basic principle is to introduce changes whenever necessary and for as long as necessary. In fact, the concept of continuous (lifelong) learning is a necessity.
THE ROLE OF MEASURES FOR SUPPORT OF SMEs ON EMPLOYMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Authors: Bardarova Snezana , Serafimova Mimoza , Atanasoski Drasko
Published: September 2021

The SME sector is the driving force of inclusive economic growth in Macedonia and in creating sustainable jobs and increasing productivity. Today, small enterprises have a growing number of supporters who believe that small enterprises are carriers of innovation and entrepreneurship and are able to react quickly to changes in the environment. For years, Macedonia has suffered from high unemployment, but this trend is beginning to decrease. However, as a country with a relatively young economy and a long transition period, unemployment is one of the main problems in the Macedonian economy. The condition of the labor market regulation is the field in which the country invests and strives to provide support to the population with the relevant laws, which is recognized through regulatory changes that affect the life cycle of business and employment. However, it is worth noting the trend of a gradual reduction in unemployment in recent years, despite the global effects of the crisis, due to several factors, including active employment measures (ALMs), measures against the gray economy, job creation in new companies with foreign capital, and a gradual economic recovery positively affect the reduction of unemployment. The subject of research in this paper is focused on analysis of SMEs and the measures for supporting their development with a special emphasis on employment, as well as conducting analysis of the active enterprises in the Republic of Macedonia by size, by sector and by number of employees, analysis of the activity of the population and employment by sectors. The aim of the paper is to determine the role of the SME support measures on solving the issues that the companies in Macedonia face in terms of creating new jobs.
DEVELOPMENT OF BANK ASSURANCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Authors: Dacev Nikola
Published: September 2021

Banking has gained a new dimension throughout the world in the last few decades due to the integration of global financial markets, the development of new technologies, the universalization of banking operations and diversification into non-banking activities. The merging of various financial services has provided synergies in the banks' operations and development of new concepts. One of these concepts is bank insurance (or banc assurance). Banc assurance, as an emerging distribution channel of insurance, essentially is defined as mediation of banks in the sale of insurance policies issued by insurance companies that are most often used as additional collateral for banks when giving loans to their clients, while the clients with the purchase of credit insurance through banks are secure in case of inability to pay off the loan due to occurrence of the insured risk, whereby the insurer covers the remaining debt of the client towards the bank. Banc assurance is much more developed in Western European countries, but in recent years this type of insurance has noted a trend of growth in the less developed countries also. Banks in the Republic of Macedonia, as well as banks in other countries in the region, try to encourage the development of banc assurance, but it still has a low level of growth in comparison with the European Union member states. This paper presents the level of development of banc assurance as well as its share in the insurance market in the Republic of Macedonia by analyzing the annual reports of the Insurance Supervision Agency of the Republic of Macedonia for the past few years. Consequently, an appropriate comparison was made between the realized values of the gross written premium of the banks as intermediaries in insurance with the realized values of the gross written premium of the other insurance intermediaries (insurance brokerage companies and insurance agencies); and a brief comparison was made with the share of banc assurance in the insurance markets in several countries in the region. The purpose of the paper is to determine the reasons for the situation in which the banc assurance in the Republic of Macedonia is, to analyze the need and the possibility for its development, as well as to determine the manners for banc assurance to reach the level of development in the member states of the European Union as soon as possible. For this purpose, an adequate analysis of the level of implementation of the European Directives for banc assurance (such as the Directive on Insurance Mediation and the Directive on Insurance Distribution) in the legal framework of the Republic of Macedonia has been carried out, as well as analysis of the national legislation regulating banc assurance in the Republic of Macedonia, covered in couple of provisions in the Law on Banks and the Law on Insurance Supervision.
THE IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC DEBT IN THE ECONOMY- THE CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Authors: Ademi Hasan
Published: September 2021

The issue of public finance stability is one of the many issues for which many analyzes are made whether high budget deficits are causing them or not. Also, the sustainability of the state debt is presented as a global political and economic challenge. In the long run, public debt impacts on economic growth, lowering the tax rate, promoting macroeconomic income savings, and facilitating equality between layers in society. Public debt is different from private debt, which makes it even more important to analyze its effects. Public debt in general is a disturbing term. Public debt represents the accumulated loan value that the state has taken to finance past deficits. Huge part of the public debt is in short-term securities such as government bonds that carry interest. Public debt poses a burden on the economy because it must also return, reducing national incomes. It may be external and internal debt. Domestic debt represents the share of public debt that the state owes to its businesses and citizens. Domestic debt arises from the state's need for money, for boosting economic or social infrastructure.
¿El César debía morir?
Authors: Cuello Camila
Published: September 2021

Reseña de: Eduardo Rinesi, ¡Qué Cosa la Cosa Pública! Apuntes Shakespereanos para una República Popular. Buenos Aires, UBU Ediciones, 2020
El otro Narciso o la imagen degradada de sí mismo
Authors: Arancho Analía
Published: September 2021

Reseña de: Florencia Abadi. El sacrificio de Narciso. Buenos Aires: Hecho Atómico, 2018.
Un análisis de la unidad por analogía a partir de los modelos geométricos en el De Incessu Animalium y el De Motu Animalium de Aristóteles
Authors: Pasquale Angel Augusto
Published: September 2021

En este trabajo exploro ciertas modelizaciones en la obra zoológica de Aristóteles. En especial, me interesa el tipo de esquemas teóricos en los cuales Aristóteles no pretende precisión anatómica ni fisiológica porque hacen referencia a más de un género de animales o sus partes, o de actividades. Se analiza por un lado el esquema triaxial de las facultades de los animales, en el cual las dimensiones quedan definidas no por su posición sino por una función, presente en el De Incessu Animalium 4. Por otro lado, se tiene en cuenta el diagrama del De Motu Animalium 9, en el cual Aristóteles concluye que el medio material del animal, el corazón, no puede originar movimientos simultáneos, por lo que tiene que haber algo que mueva a los dos sin ser movido. Considero que este modelo distingue también sus elementos no por sus posiciones sino por sus funciones. Los términos geométricos asignados en cada caso dan cuenta de determinadas funciones de los animales, presentando un valor doble de la analogía: entre el dominio animal y el geométrico, y otorgando la generalidad necesaria para captar lo semejante entre géneros distintos entre el mismo dominio animal.
The Relationship Of Hygine Sanitation, Sanitation Facilities and Exchanger Actions With Fly Density Levels in Dining House in Meulaboh City
Authors: Murdani Ihsan , Zakiyuddin Zakiyuddin , Musnadi Jun , Fahlevi Muhammad Iqbal , Duana Maiza
Published: September 2021

It is known that the number of restaurants in the city of Meulaboh there are 66 restaurants. After observing the eating houses in the town of Meulaboh, can be in the know that sanitation eat less qualified home health such as ownership of the means of waste disposal, garbage disposal facilities, hand-washing facilities, washing facilities appliance. The purpose of this study is the relationship Sanitati:ion Hygiene, sanitation facilities, and action handlers Density With Flies On Eating In the city of Meulaboh. This research is an analytic method with cross sectional design. This research was conducted in the city of Meulaboh implemented Johan Pahlawan sub-district of West Aceh on 7 November to 5 December 2016, with a population of 66 homeowners and their eating of food handlers, the sampling technique is used total sampling method and analyzed by univariate and bivariate using chi-test square.The results showed that there is significant correlation between sanitation hygiene factors (P.Value = 0.006 <α = 0.05), sanitary facilities (P.Value = 0.025 <α = 0.05), action handlers (P.Value = 0.026 <α = 0.05 ) with the density of flies in the restaurant in the city of Meulaboh. It was concluded that there is significant correlation between the factors of hygiene sanitation, sanitation facilities, action handlers with the density of flies in the restaurant in the city of Meulaboh. with the density of flies in the restaurant in the city of Meulaboh to achieve a state of healthy foods that are not exposed to flies and protected from various diseases caused by flies.
Early Clinical Outcome of Comparative Study between Revision Operation and Radiofrequency Treatment for Management of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome
Authors: Park Se-Heum , Hur Junseok W. , Lee Jang-Bo , Park Jung Yul
Published: September 2021

Objective: Intractable back pain and radicular pain after lumbosacral spine surgery are challenges for surgeons because the pathophysiology of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) remains unknown. Various medications, exercise, reoperation, spinal cord stimulation, and various interventional treatments, such as epidural injection, and radiofrequency treatment, have been suggested as treatment options. However, the clinical outcomes for each treatment are unclear. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated clinical outcomes of consecutive FBSS patients who underwent revision operation or radiofrequency treatment from 2014 to 2017, who previously showed response to nerve block. Pain was analyzed preoperatively and 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Short Form 36 (SF-36) health survey and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were assessed preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively. Results: A total of 70 patients was included in the present study (33 males, 37 females). When comparing preoperative and postoperative 12-month results, back pain VAS score decreased from 5.5 to 4.2 for revision operation and from 5.1 to 4.7 for radiofrequency treatment. Leg pain VAS score decreased from 6.5 to 4.02 for revision operation and 6.2 to 4.3 for radiofrequency treatment. ODI score decreased from 70.9 to 36.1 for revision operation and 70.2 to 36.1 for radiofrequency treatment. SF-36 score increased from 28.9 to 64.1 for revision operation and from 29.6 to 59.6 for radiofrequency treatment. Differences between treatments were not statistically significant after 12 months (p>0.05) but were at 1 month (p=0.01). Conclusion: Compared with revision operation, radiofrequency treatment is not inferior on early clinical outcome (up to 1 year following the treatment) in terms of pain relief, functional capacity, patient satisfaction, and quality of life in patients with FBSS. Radiofrequency treatment can be considered in patients who are not good candidates for surgical treatment based on imaging results or underlying diseases and who are responsive to diagnostic/therapeutic nerve blocks.
Cartilha de orientação sobre o câncer infantojuvenil
Authors: Leite Cleber Queiroz , dos Santos Júnior Paulo de Tarso , Gonçalves Letícia Carvalho , Silva Síssy Melo , da Costa Adriane Andrade , Dantas Giulia Giovanna Bertoldo , da Silva Natália Neiva , Vecchio Juliana Maria Figueredo Del , de Brito Nicolas Pereira , Beduschi Thaloá Fernandes , dos Santos Maria Dyandra Karoline D F , Couto Iara Maria Rodrigues , Araújo Yara Saiane Marim , Teles Ingrid Saraiva , Da Silva Karen Adriele Barbosa , da Silva Alice Vitória Barros , Quenca Lorrany Alonso , Batista Paula Daniele , do Carmo Bruno Silva , de Almeida Luís Fernando Menezes
Published: September 2021

O cancer é o nome dado a um grupo de mais de 100 doenças que afetam mecanismo estrutural normal de divisão e morte das células de nosso corpo, de forma que estas passam a se multiplicar de maneira desordenada e excessiva (crescimento malign), podendo, inclusive, espalhar-se por tecidos/órgãos vizinho ou mesmo à distância (metastases). O câncer infanto-juvenil representa cerca de 3% de todas as neoplasias malignas que acometem a população em geral. De acordo com a Agência Internacional de Pesquisa em Câncer (IARC), estima-se que, em crianças menores de 15 anos, existem 215.000 casos novos diagnosticados ao ano em todo mundo, e aproximadamente 85.000 casos novos em adolescentes entre 15-19 anos. No Brasil, segundo o Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA), estima-se que cerca de 8% das causas de óbito, entre as crianças e adolescentes de 1 a 19 anos, são secundárias ao câncer, correspondendo à primeira causa de óbito por doença, e a segunda causa geral de morte em pediatria, perdendo em números apenas para aquelas oriundas de causas externas (acidentes e por armas de fogo).
Necessary Safety Measures in the Use of Pesticides in Agriculture
Authors: Lipkina LI , Ilnitskaya AV , Artemova OV , Tarasova LS , Mikheeva EN , Masaltsev GV
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Pesticides as biologically active compounds posing potential hazard to worker’s health may cause both acute and chronic occupational poisonings (diseases). Apart from the occupational setting, many people get exposed to pesticides during their use in personal subsidiary plots. Various pesticide application techniques, such as ground-based boom spraying of field crops, air blast spraying of gardens, aerial spraying of fields and forests, treatment of greenhouses, seed dressing, fumigation of grain and warehouses, preparation and application of baits, require a differentiated approach to precautionary measures. Safety use practices for pesticides developed by F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene in the past shall be revised to incorporate changes in formulations, techniques, and regulations.
Objective. To substantiate hazard-specific safety requirements for various pesticide application techniques and equipment in the agricultural industry.
Materials and methods. We analyzed regulatory documents and guidelines, results of our own long-term studies, and publicly available information on the safe use of pesticides in agriculture.
Results. Based on our findings, we suggest measures for the safe use of pesticides complying with appropriate regulations for the processed crops and application rules and taking into account conditions of the equipment used. We also provide recommendations for prevention of acute pesticide poisoning for agricultural workers, farmers and users from the standpoint of occupational health.
Conclusion. It is important to develop a profound document summarizing occupational safety and health requirements for all pesticide use practices.
On Issues of Quality, Hygiene and Safety of Fermented Milk Products: A Review
Authors: Rumyantseva LA , Vetrova OV , Istomin AV
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The article presents data on the role of milk and dairy products, including fermented milk products, in the human diet and reflects their important role in providing the body with proteins having a high essential amino acid content. In addition to all health benefits of milk, fermented dairy products have dietary and medicinal properties while their digestibility is higher than that of milk.
Objective. To demonstrate the role of fermented milk products in human nutrition and benefits of fermented milk products enriched with probiotic microorganisms for preventive nutrition in the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract.
Materials and methods. The article presents an analytical review of literary sources on the role of milk and dairy products, including fermented milk products, in human nutrition and provides information on the per capita production and consumption of milk and dairy products in the Russian Federation. It also addresses the problem of dysbiosis since fermented dairy technology can pose a serious microbiological risk related to favorable conditions for the growth of extraneous microorganisms coming from raw materials, starter cultures, and equipment during the production process. The absence of stringent quality standards for fermented milk products contributes to manufacturing of various counterfeit foods.
Results. The article outlines the main provisions of the expert hygienic assessment of specialized food products for preventive nutrition for the purpose of their state registration on the example of fermented milk bioproducts, defines criteria for assessing the quality and safety of specialized products for dietary nutrition and requirements for technical documentation on these products, and provides the list of necessary documents for expert examination of hygiene and safety of specialized products for therapeutic and preventive nutrition.
Conclusion. The permission to use novel fermented milk products as preventive nutrition foods shall be based on results of предassessing
their compliance with the requirements of technical regulations of the Customs Union and the Eurasian Economic Union on the quality and safety of products and their raw materials, packaging and labeling.
Therapeutic Effects of Citric and Succinic Acids in Rats Exposed to Inactivated M. tuberculosis
Authors: Skupnevskiy SV , Trukhina GM , Pukhaeva EG , Badtiev AK , Rurua FK , Batagova FE , Farnieva ZG
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The search for methods of correcting pathogenetic disorders related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, a highly hazardous communicable and socially significant disease, determines the relevance of the research and its objective to study the role of citric and succinic acids in protective and adaptive processes in warm-blooded animals with connective tissue disorders induced by inactivated mycobacteria. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on male Wistar rats with diseases induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant (a mineral oil emulsion containing heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis). The animals were given a feed-added mixture of organic acids at 17 mg/kg body weight (minimum) and 88 mg/kg body weight (maximum) for 4 weeks. Hematology and bio�chemistry tests were performed using standard methods. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase in blood lymphocytes was determined by the cytobiochemical method. X-rays were obtained using stationary veterinary imaging equipment. Results. The protective effect of carboxylic acids in the exposed animals with Freund’s adjuvant-induced leukocytosis (expressed by a 28 % increase in white blood cells compared to the negative control, p < 0.05), oxidative stress (expressed by an increase in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) by 40 %, p < 0.001, and in inhibition of catalase by 4 %), and subchondral bone sclerosis was characterized by a dose-dependent reduction in immunotoxic manifestations of the disease such as normalization of the number of white blood cells (p < 0.05 compared to model animals); a 27 % reduction in MDA, p < 0.001, a 10 % catalase activation, p < 0.01; succinate dehydrogenase normalization, and a decrease in dystrophic changes in the articular system of animals. Conclusion. The results of hematological, biochemical and radiological tests prove that pathological biochemical and morphological changes related to administration of inactivated M. tuberculosis to warm-blooded animals can be modified by a mixture of citric and succinic acids added to feed, which allows a better understanding of the pathogenesis and an increased therapy effectiveness.
THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL LITERACY ON WOMEN’S WEALTH IN BANDUNG, WEST JAVA
Authors: Ayasha Namira Anezka , Rahadi Raden Aswin
Published: September 2021

The current state of the financial industry is starting to provide various products and services to help individuals overcome their financial difficulties. To pursue the expansion of the financial industry, individuals must be financially literate in helping them manage their financial products and services. This paper aims to determine factors of financial literacy that influence women’s wealth accumulation. This research produced a simple conceptual framework on the relationship between financial literacy and women’s wealth accumulation based on literature synthesis. The framework suggested that financial knowledge, financial behaviour, and financial attitude will influence financial literacy. In contrast, as moderating factors, demographics will also influence women’s financial literacy. Thus, financial literacy will influence wealth accumulation.
TOWARDS USER-CENTRIC EXPLANATIONS FOR EXPLAINABLE MODELS: A REVIEW
Authors: Hassan Ali , Sulaiman Riza , Abdulgabber Mansoor Abdullateef , Kahtan Hasan
Published: September 2021

Recent advances in artificial intelligence, particularly in the field of machine learning (ML), have shown that these models can be incredibly successful, producing encouraging results and leading to diverse applications. Despite the promise of artificial intelligence, without transparency of machine learning models, it is difficult for stakeholders to trust the results of such models, which can hinder successful adoption. This concern has sparked scientific interest and led to the development of transparency-supporting algorithms. Although studies have raised awareness of the need for explainable AI, the question of how to meet real users' needs for understanding AI remains unresolved. This study provides a review of the literature on human-centric Machine Learning and new approaches to user-centric explanations for deep learning models. We highlight the challenges and opportunities facing this area of research. The goal is for this review to serve as a resource for both researchers and practitioners. The study found that one of the most difficult aspects of implementing machine learning models is gaining the trust of end-users.
DEVELOPING A GOOD QUALITY CHATBOT
Authors: Johari Nurul Muizzah , Nohuddin Puteri NE
Published: September 2021

Chatbots are commonly known nowadays as intelligent personal assistants which are designated to accomplish given tasks. The development of a good chatbot depends on the elements and features which then will be reflected in the performance and functionality of the application, user’s experience as well as satisfaction in order to complete their task. Two methodologies are applied in this paper, which are preliminary study and literature survey. The outcomes were reflected into the development of a new chatbot based on the attributes gained from the observation. The aim of this paper is to investigate the possible quality attributes from past researches and to develop a platform that will subsequently be used to build a quality chatbot for the tourism domain.
Wastewater sludge treatment at the municipal wastewater treatment facilities with the purpose of its further utilization
Authors: Егорова Ю.А. , Кичигин В.И. , Нестеренко О.И. , Юдин А.А.
Published: September 2021

Осадки городских очистных канализационных сооружений являются самым массовым технологическим отходом, создающим проблемы утилизации для любого города. Рассмотрены возможные методы обработки осадков сточных вод на городских очистных канализационных сооружениях городского округа Самара с целью их последующей утилизации. Обозначены причины и приведены документальные подтверждениянекорректности возложения ответственности за обращение с такими отходами только на организации водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства. Рассмотрен способ захоронения обезвоженного осадка сточных вод в обвалованном полигоне. Установлено, что обработанные на очистных сооружениях осадки относятся к V классу опасности для окружающей среды. Обработанные, стабилизированные, подсушенные, обезвреженные отходы осадков сточных вод (малоопасный осадок с песколовок при очистке хозяйственно-бытовых и смешанных сточных вод, практически не опасный осадок с песколовок при очистке хозяйственно-бытовых и смешанных сточных вод и избыточный ил биологических очистных сооружений в смеси с сырым осадком) могут быть использованы в качестве наполнителей бетонно-цементных смесей и органоминеральных удобрений или переданы для утилизации сторонним организациям.

Sludge from the municipal wastewater treatment facilities is the most massive technological waste that causes trouble for any city. Possible methods of wastewater sludge treatment at the municipal wastewater treatment facilities of the Samara Urban District with the purpose of its further utilization are considered. The reasons are indicated and documentary evidence of the incorrectness of assigning the responsibility for processing such wastes only to the water and wastewater utilities is provided. The method of landfilling dewatered wastewater sludge in a ridged landfill is considered. It has been established that the sludge processed at the wastewater treatment facilities is referred to the V class of environmental hazard. Sludge subjected to the treatment, stabilization, drying and neutralization (low hazardous sludge from grit chambers for domestic and mixed wastewater treatment; almost non-hazardous sludge from grit chambers for domestic and mixed wastewater treatment and excess sludge from biological treatment facilities mixed with raw sludge) can be used as fillers for concrete-cement mixtures and organo-mineral fertilizers or transferred for disposal to outside companies.
Mitigation of Malware Effect using Cyber Threat Analysis using Ensemble Deep Belief Networks
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu), India., Janani K.
Published: September 2021

Cybersecurity is a technique that entails security models development techniques to the illegal access, modification, or destruction of computing resources, networks, program, and data. Due to tremendous developments in information and communication technologies, new dangers to cyber security have arisen and are rapidly changing. The creation of a Deep Learning system requires a substantial number of input samples and it can take a great deal of time and resources to gather and process the samples. Building and maintaining the basic system requires a huge number of resources, including memory, data and computational power. In this paper, we develop an Ensemble Deep Belief Networks to classify the cybersecurity threats in large scale network. An extensive simulation is conducted to test the efficacy of model under different security attacks. The results show that the proposed method achieves higher level of security than the other methods.
Menjaga Kualitas Pembelajaran Praktikum Pengolahan Data Secara Daring pada Mata Pelatihan Analisis dan Interpretasi Data
Authors: Kamaliah Naily , Juliana Rahman Alpha Fadila
Published: September 2021

[MAINTAINING THE QUALITY OF LEARNING DATA PROCESSING PRACTICUM IN SUBJECT OF TRAINING DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION]. Online learning during the SARS-CoV2 virus pandemic is a necessity in order to avoid the spread of the virus. But in its implementation, it becomes a challenge, especially in practicum learning. The implementation of online training is a response to the situation and conditions in the SARS-CoV2 virus pandemic which forces classical training to migrate to online training. The purpose of this study was conducted to find out what factors support the achievement of learning objectives, in classical learning, e-learning, and whether the learning strategies that have been applied in e-learning can maintain the quality of training. The instrument in this study was an assessment of the evaluation of learning from participants for the facilitator, on 3 waves of classical PPJFP and 3 waves of PPJFP e-learning, with a total of 126 training participants as respondents. Data processing and analysis were carried out by simple regression analysis, to find out the factors that influence the achievement of learning objectives; as well as an independent sample t-test to compare classical learning methods (face to face) and e-learning. The results showed that the systematic presentation of learning materials and the ability to present the material were the spearheads in the achievement of face-to-face learning. In synchronous learning through the E-learning Platform, aspects of how the facilitator answers questions are important points in learning through e-learning; and e-learning at the syncronus stage is able to maintain the quality of learning.
Model Blended Learning pada Diklat Teknis Substantif Tematik Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Aryani Asih
Published: September 2021

[BLENDED LEARNING MODEL IN SUBSTANTIVE THEMATIC TECHNICAL TRAINING OF MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH]. This study aims to determine the response and increase in learning outcomes of participants in the Thematic Substantive Technical training at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Blended Learning. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative with a sample of 60 people, the instruments used were observation, documentation, and closed questionnaires. The learning process is carried out in five stages, namely: live event, self-paced learning, collaboration, assessment, and performance support material. The results show that; 98% of participants were happy with the application of Blended Learning, 75% of participants admitted that it was easy to understand the training material presented in Blended Learning, and 90% of participants felt that the Blended Learning model used was effective. There was an increase of 13,49 (23.4%), namely an increase from the pre-test score with an average of 57.67 to the post-test with an average of 71.16.
Bahan Ajar Berbasis TIK pada Diklat Teknis Fungsional Peningkatan Kompetensi Pengawas Madrasah/PAI di Balai Diklat Kegamaan Makassar
Authors: Ma'arif  , Ratna Prilianti
Published: September 2021

[TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON ICT ON THE FUNCTIONAL TECHNICAL TRAINING OF THE COMPETENCEIMPROVEMENT OF MADRASAH/ISLAMIC EDUCATION SUPERVISORS AT RELIGIOUS TRAINING CENTER OFMAKASSAR]. The researchs’ aim is to evaluate teaching materials based on ICT on the Functional Technical Training of the Competence Improvement of Madrasah/Islamic Education supervisors at Religious Training Center of Makassar. This evaluation includes aspects of the substance of the material, design of the learning,appearance/visual communication, and the use of the software. This research is qualitative research with a case study form. The data collecting through interviews, observation, and documentation. While the data analysis uses qualitative data analysis by data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing, and verification. The results showed that even though some of these aspects still needed improvement, in general, the quality of teaching materials used by trainers at the Religious Training Center of Makassar was good enough. Trainers’ understanding of the aspects that must be considered in making teaching materials based on ICT must be continuously improved in the form of real implementation, namely good teaching materials based on ICT. For that reason, mastery of ICT is an absolute for the trainers and there must be strong management support in encouraging trainers to compile and develop teaching materials that can support the achievement of the training objectives.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran dalam Pelatihan Berbasis Lingkungan bagi Guru Madrasah Aliyah Program Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
Authors: Sutisnowati Endang
Published: September 2021

[LEARNING MODEL DEVELOPMENT IN ENVIRONMENTAL-BASED TRAINING FOR TEACHERS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE PROGRAMS IN MADRASAH ALIYAH]. The fundamental problem in this research, is that learning in the Madrasah Aliyah Social Science program which starts from planning to evaluation has not been based on the environment or contextual, therefore this research uses a type of development research with development methods to produce certain products and test the effectiveness of the products being analyzed. qualitatively and qualitatively descriptive. The conclusion of this study resulted in two products, namely the development of a training learning model in the form of an environment-based training learning program design which was validated by experts, obtaining an average score of 94% and an environment-based learning guide with a blended learning pattern, an average score of 98%. The conclusion of the research stages of developing an environment-based training learning model, obtained an average score of 89.91% accompanied by environmental-based learning guide products obtained an average score of 88.25%, while the teacher's ability to prepare HOTS questions as an evaluation tool and is an integral part in this environment-based learning, the average score is 89.53%. Thusthe product of this model development is very feasible to be a system product at the Education and TrainingCenter for Technical Education and Religious Personnel
PEMBERIAN EDUKASI MELALUI ANIMASI TENTANG TB (TUBERCULOSISI) PARU TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI MERJOSARI 02 KOTA MALANG
Authors: Maemunah Neni , Metrikayanto Wahyu Dini , Helly Clementinus
Published: September 2021

TB Paru masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia, dikarenakan pemberian terapi TB pada anak masih ditemukan ketidakberhasilan pengobatan, diantaranya putus pengobatan, pengobatan yang tidak benar, dan kegagalan pengobatan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kegagalan pengobatan dikarenakan kurangnya pengetahuan, sehingga perlu diberikan edukasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian edukasi melalui animasi tentang TB Paru terhadap pengetahuan anak SDN Merjosari 02 Kota Malang. Desain penelitian mengunakan One-Group Pra-Post Test Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak SDN Merjosari 02 Kota Malang dan sampel penelitian sebanyak 71 responden dengan simple random sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel penelitian sebanyak 71 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner pengetahuan. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji marginal homogenity (p value