bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREDICTION OF BODY WEIGHT OF NIGERIAN NON-DESCRIPT GOATS FROM MORPHOMETRIC TRAITS USING CLASSIFICATION AND REGRESSION TREE MODEL
Authors: Mallam I , HUSSAINI Y.I. , ALHASSAN I.D. , NEGEDU E.A. , KEHINDE W.H. , KEHINDE W.H. , GUGONG V.
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between body weight and eleven (11) morphometric traits (body weight, body length, height at withers, rump height, chest girth, hind leg, fore leg, head length, ear length, neck length, and tail length) of non-descript goats using classification and regression tree technique. The data were generated from 120 non-descript goats randomly selected from different herds in three LGA areas of Kaduna State, North West Nigeria. Pearson’s moment correlation (r) between body weight and morphometric traits ranged from low to high values (r = 0.21-0.97; P≤0.05, P≤0.01). Based on the importance of the independent variables in predicting the body weight of goats, six body measurements namely; chest girth, body length, rump height, height at withers, head length and neck length were found to be more efficient. Thus, they were the variables entered to obtain the optimal regression tree. Among these six variables, chest circumference was found to be the primary splitting variable; and together with neck length accounted for about 84.20% of the variation in body weight. The regression tree analysis indicated that animals with chest circumference > 60.00cm and neck length >15cm could be expected to have higher body weights. This information could be exploited by livestock producers and researchers for determining the feed amount, drug dose, and market price of an animal, management, selection and genetic improvement of Nigerian non-descript goats.
Implementasi Artificial Intelligence dalam Sistem Informasi Akuntansi dan Manajemen
Authors: Manel Helmi Azizati , Sania Widya , Fadhillah Nurul , Mahmud Aisyah
Published: November 2023

The development of artificial intelligence is considered to be faster and more accurate. Utilization of artificial intelligence in accounting and management information systems in the financial sector helps companies form better strategies and make efficient decisions. This study aims to thoroughly understand the implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in accounting and management information systems, what are the challenges faced by organizations and identify the urgency in the application of artificial intelligence. This research is a Structured Literature Review (SLR) by conducting a systematic review and analysis of 40 articles published up to 2023. The literature is categorized on relevant concepts, grouped into themes to reveal additional information about the antecedents, challenges, guidelines, and consequences of implementing artificial intelligence on accounting and management information systems related to the organization. A conceptual framework for understanding the implementation of artificial intelligence is proposed by adopting the Input–Process–Output (IPO) model. This study provides guidance for future research and knowledge related to the implementation of artificial intelligence in accounting and management information systems.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Accounting, Information System
Pengaruh Financial Technology dan Literasi Keuangan terhadap Perilaku Keuangan pada Generasi Z
Authors: Andiani Devina Amelia Putri , Maria Rina
Published: November 2023

In this ever-evolving digital era, FinTech has changed the way people manage their finances, while financial literacy plays an important role in shaping understanding and making wise financial decisions. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Financial Technology (FinTech) and financial literacy on financial behavior in generation Z. The research method is a literature review study with research journals for 2021-2022 with research relevant to the discussion. In searching journals with the help of the internet (google scholar) with the keywords Financial Technology, financial literacy, financial behavior and generation Z. The conclusion from this research is that the existence of Financial Technology can help people use financial services that are cheaper, easier to obtain, and easily accessible. The level of financial literacy can increase people's ability in financial planning and help them avoid risky financial instruments as well as financial behavior can provide learning how to earn money, save money, spend it in transactions rather than consumption, and invest in it to make money productive in generation Z.
Assessment of Yield and Yield Attributes of Tossa Jute as Affected by Variety and Field Duration
Authors: Ahmed M , Tanni JF , Parvej SMS , Jui SA , Mamun MSA , Mitra S
Published: November 2023

A study was conducted at the Jute Research Sub-Station (JRSS), Tarabo, Narayanganj in 2022 to find out the suitable varieties and field duration for tossa jute (Corcorus olitorius) harvesting for better fibre and stick yield production. The treatment was assigned of tossa jute varieties (3) viz., BJRI Tossa pat-7, Robi-1 (BJRI Tossa pat-8) and Indian variety JRO-524 and four field durations viz. 90, 100, 110, and 120 days, respectively. A factorial RCBD design with three replications was used. Results showed that varieties and field duration significantly affected plant height, base diameter, fibre yield and stick yield. The var. JRO-524 had the highest fibre yield (2.30 tha−1) than BJRI Tossa Pat-7 and Robi-1(2.10 tha−1 and 2.25 tha−1 respectively) when harvested at 90 days after sowing (DAS). On the other hand, BJRI Tossa pat-7 and Robi-1 produced significantly higher fibre yields (3.20 tha−1 and 3.55 tha−1; 3.45 tha−1 and 3.80 tha−1 respectively) and stick yields (6.15 tha−1, and 6.25 tha−1; 6.67 tha−1, and 6.84 tha−1 respectively) at harvesting 110 and 120 DAS. The results showed that var.  BJRI Tossa pat-7 and BJRI Tossa pat-8 could be a better fibre yield and stick yield production when it could be harvested at 120 DAS.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 18-27
The optimal biliary reconstruction for pancreaticobiliary maljunction and congenital biliary dilatation: Clinical comparison between hepaticojejunostomy and hepaticoduodenostomy
Authors: Kubota Akio , Mitani Yasuyuki
Published: November 2023

Background: The most important factors determining the optimal biliary reconstruction procedure for pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) and congenital biliary dilatation (CBD) include remote malignant potential and postoperative complications. The aim of this study is to clarify which is more optimal, hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) or hepaticoduodenostomy (HD).
 Methods: Seventy-seven pediatric patients with PMD and CBD, treated in our institution between 1985 and 2009, were reviewed in terms of clinical outcomes and postoperative complications. Forty-three underwent HJ and 34 HD, 6 of whom underwent laparoscopy-assisted surgery.
Results: Anastomotic stenosis developed in one case of each group, which was treated with percutaneous transhepatic balloon dilation in a case of HJ and endoscopic balloon dilation in a case of HD. Intestinal obstruction related with a Roux-en-Y loop in 4 cases of HJ, 3 of which necessitated laparotomy. Postoperative endoscopy was performed in 14 cases of HD, and demonstrated gastritis in one case of them. No malignancy or cholangitis developed in both groups during the follow-up period.
Conclusions: The possible indirect cause of biliary malignancy, intrahepatic bile-duct stenosis or cholangitis, was not encountered in either procedure, whereas postoperative intestinal obstruction was only in HJ. HD can be more optimal as a biliary reconstruction procedure for PBM and CBD.
Journal of Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh (2016) Vol. 7 (2): 50-54
Fetus in fetu with jaundice- A rare presentation of a rare disease
Authors: Khan Sifat Zereen , Huq Md Ashraf Ul , Hossain Tahmina , Huque Mohammed Moinul , Adil Syed Md , Das Sahadeb Kumar , Sharif H M Zafar , Alam S M Shafiqul
Published: November 2023

Fetus and fetu is a rare mysterious medical phenomenon in which an acardiac fetiform mass is commonly located in abdomen of a neonate or infant. We report on a case of a 7 month-old girl with a gradually enlarging right upper abdominal mass and progressive jaundice, whose plain abdominal radiograph, ultrasonography, and computed tomography scan revealed a mass in which the contents favor a fetus in fetu. Obstructive jaundice was caused by billiary obstruction by FIF .

Journal of Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh (2016) Vol. 7 (2): 61-65
Borrowability of kinship terms in Uralic languages
Authors: Metsäranta Niklas , Milanova Veronika , Honkola Terhi
Published: November 2023

Kinship terms are assumed to be universal and central to social life, and consequently they are not particularly prone to borrowing. Borrowing of kinship terms does happen, however, and this provides us a lens with which to evaluate the nature and intensity of contact situations. In this study, we provide a general overview of the borrowability of kinship terms into the Uralic languages. We collected kinship terms from twenty Uralic languages and used a list of 146 kin categories total as the basis for our data collection. We found that affinal kin categories such as those denoting spouses, spouse’s siblings, and sibling’s spouses had the largest number of loanwords. However, among the kin categories with the largest number of loanwords were also consanguineal categories such as those of ‘mother’ and ‘father’. We also found that the Uralic languages vary notably in how large a percentage of their kinship terminology has been borrowed: the Mordvin languages have borrowed the most, more than 40 percent of their kinship terms, while for many Samoyedic languages no loanwords were detected in their kinship terminology. In addition to the quantitative approach, we also delve into the kin categories with the largest number of loanwords and discuss the patterns of these loanwords in certain languages, and the occurrence of semantic change as a factor explaining the large number of loanwords of terms for ‘husband’ and ‘wife’. All in all, borrowing of kin terms is a context-dependent process and it is challenging to make global generalizations. Nevertheless, we propose that borrowed kin terms could provide us the best possible material through which individual contact situations of the past could be studied. This study also summarizes the borrowed kin terms in the Uralic languages, brings the topic into the spotlight, and pinpoints cases where more research is needed.
Manajemen implementasi program Link and Match di SMK Negeri 1 Batam
Authors: Nasution Fauziah , Pohan Albert Efendi , Nugroho Tri , Rafii Ahmad , Mery Santy
Published: November 2023

Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan manajemen implementsi program Link and Match di SMK Negeri 1 Batam. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian, metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus diterapkan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam. Sumber informasi penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, 4 wakil kepala sekolah, 3 kepala unit kerja, 5 alumni, dan 3 pakar dari industri. Validasi data penelitian adalah tri angulasi. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari pengumpulan data, penyajian data, kondensasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan penelitian menujukkan: (1) perencanaan dirancang dengan mengkaji peraturan pemerintah tentang pelaksanaan program Link and Match. (2) Pengorganisasian ditentukan kepala sekolah dengan membentuk tim kerja yang profesional. (3) Implementasi dilakukan dengan menjalin kerjasama dengan industri, mengoptimalkan bursa kerja khusus (BKK), dan menyediakan kelas industri. (4) Pengendalian dilakukan oleh supervisi kepala sekolah (5) Faktor pendukung lainnya: Pertama, ketersediaan program pemagangan guru. Kedua, memberikan sertifikat uji kompetensi kepada seluruh siswa. Ketiga, standarisasi prosedur kerja sesuai dengan standar industri. Dan kelima, memberikan program benchmarking dan mengunjungi SMK di berbagai Negarai.
Efektivitas konseling individual dengan expressive art therapy dalam menurunkan kecenderungan stress siswi SMP ‘X’ Batam
Authors: Sari Astuti Firda , Juwita Juwita , Fasim Hasibuan Wilda , Wahyuni Adiningtyas Sri
Published: November 2023

Masa remaja merupakan masa badai stres, sehingga muncul pergolakan emosi dan perilaku sebelum mencapai keseimbangan yang lebih stabil di masa dewasa. Kondisi tersebut membuat remaja rentan mengalami masalah psikologi, salah satunya kecenderungan stres. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji efektifitas konseling individual dengan teknik expressive art therapy untuk menurunkan kecenderungan stres terhadap siswi SMP ‘X’ Batam. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-eksperimental one grup pre-test post-test. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 10 siswi SMP ‘X’ Batam. Layanan konseling individual dengan teknik expressive art therapy meliputi psikoedukasi, emotion painting, brain dump, dan dear myself. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) yang sudah dibakukan dan digunakan dalam banyak penelitian depresi, stres dan kecemasan. Analisis data menggunakan uji wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan dan beberapa mengalami peningkatan kecenderungan stres setelah mengikuti treatment. Kesimpulannya adalah konseling individual dengan teknik expressive art therapy belum efektif dalam menurunkan kecenderungan stres terhadap siswi SMP ’X’ Batam.
The Effect of Counseling with Video Media On Diarrhea Prevention Knowledge: Pre-Experimental Study of the Desa Kresek, Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Putri Shavira Wadya , Ernawati Kholis , Atmalia Khafifah Puja , Karidza Bilqish , Ahmad Lulu Nuraviah , Triangga Riyan , Febylia Nanda
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Low knowledge of diarrhea prevention is why diarrhea rates are still high in Indonesia. There have been many ways to increase public knowledge related to diarrhea prevention, one of which is by conducting counseling using video media. This study aimed to determine the effect of video media counseling on knowledge of diarrhea prevention: a pre-experimental study in the community of Kresek Village, Tangerang Regency. Methods: Thei  researchi  designi  wasi  pre-experimenti  onei  groupi  pre-test-post-test.i  Thei  populationi  wasi  thei  community in Kampung Nambo, Kresek District, Tangerang Regency, Banten Province. The study was conducted in January 2023. Criteria for respondents over 13 years of age. The study sample amounted to 40 people taken by consecutive sampling, which was taken for seven days. The intervention was conducted with education using video media titled "Let's Prevent Diarrhea" (Copyright No EC00202310110). The collected datai  werei  analyzedi  usingi  thei  T-testi  withi  thei  helpi  ofi  SPSSi  versioni  26.0.i  toi  determinei  thei  effecti  ofi  counselingi  withi  videos on increasing respondents' knowledge. Results: The results showed ani  increasei  ini  thei  numberi  ofi  correcti  answersi  toi  questionnaire questions after providing educational videos. Before education with video, the number of respondents with good knowledge was only two people (5%). After counseling, it increased to 37 people (92.7%). The Wilcoxon test results showed that the p-value was 0.000. Conclusion: There is an effect of counseling with video media on increasing respondents' knowledge.
Deep inspiration electrocardiogram test: physiologic mechanisms and diagnostic capabilities
Authors: Barkan V. S. , Drozdov D. V. , Rezvetsov G. G.
Published: November 2023

The article reflects modern concepts about the effect of deep inspiration and breath holding on the heart functioning and the reflection of these processes at ECGs. Positional changes of Q waves, primarily in leads III and aVF, and their possible differences from pathological Q waves are described. Reflex and humoral effects of deep inspiration and breath holding on heart functions such as contractility, automatism and conductivity are considered. Examples of rhythm and conduction disturbances that rarely occur during breath holding are illutrated on ECGs. A recommended variant of the implementation of the deep inspiration ECG test using computer ECG systems is described, which implements continuous ECG recording on free breathing, during inspiration and while holding the breath. This version of the test does not change the operators’ complexity and time of ECG registration.
A.F. Samoilov: from synapse to systemic organization of functions
Authors: Podolskaya M. A. , Teregulov Yu. E.
Published: November 2023

One of the world’s leading physiologists of the late 19th — the first third of the 20th centuries, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of Physiology of Kazan University, Lenin Prize winner, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR Alexander Filippovich Samoilov (1867, Odessa — 1930, Kazan) is known as one of the creators of the theory and practice of electrocardiography, introduction of this method into the clinic. In 1924, A. F. Samoilov proved the chemical nature of the transition of excitation from a nerve to a muscle. Many fundamental works of the scientist are devoted to spinal and central nervous mechanisms. As a student and follower of I. M. Sechenov, A. F. Samoilov proceeded to formulate the principles of systematic organization of functions in animals and humans based on the material of his works. The scientists studied the systems of coding characters in the notation of notes. On the example of the circular rhythm of muscle excitation described by him in 1929, A. F. Samoilov anticipated the model of an automatic self-regulating system and systemic social circular interaction.
An Evaluation of Hand Hygiene Practices and Beliefs of Hospital Cleaning Workers
Authors: GÜNGÖRDÜ Nejdiye , KURTUL Seher
Published: November 2023

This study aims to examine the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and behaviors of hospital cleaning workers concerning hand hygiene. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 130 cleaning workers working at a university hospital. The questionnaire forms are individual introduction questionnaire, Hand Hygiene Belief Scale (HHBS), and Hand Hygiene Practices Inventory (HHPI). The median HHBS score was 80.0, and the median HHPI score was 73.0. When we compared the participants' HHBS mean scores with their sociodemographic-occupational characteristics and their knowledge and attitudes about hand hygiene, a statistically significant relationship was found between gender (p= 0.048), total working years (p
Behavioural Methods to Study Cognitive Capacities of Animals
Authors: Regolin Lucia , Loconsole Maria
Published: November 2023

Over the past 20 years, the scientific community has witnessed a growing interest in the comparative study of mental capabilities [...]
Evaluation of the Feasibility of 2D-SWE to Measure Liver Stiffness in Healthy Dogs and Analysis of Possible Confounding Factors
Authors: Pi Ji’ang , Foo Eric Wenhao , Zang Xueyu , Li Shuai , Zhao Yanbing , Liu Yongwang , Deng Yifeng
Published: November 2023

(1) Background: Two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) is a non-invasive method widely used in human medicine to assess the extent of liver fibrosis but only rarely applied to veterinary medicine. This study aimed to measure liver stiffness in healthy dogs and investigate the factors that impacted 2D-SWE measurement. (2) Methods: In total, 55 healthy dogs were enrolled and subjected to 2D-SWE measurements before and after anesthesia administration. Post-anesthesia 2D-SWE measurements and computerized tomography (CT) scans were obtained. (3) Results: The liver stiffness range in healthy dogs was 3.96 ± 0.53 kPa. In a stratified analysis based on confounding factors, liver stiffness was influenced by measurement site and anesthesia, but not by sex. No correlation was observed between liver stiffness and weight or liver CT attenuation. (4) Conclusions: 2D-SWE is feasible for liver stiffness measurement in dogs. Anesthesia and measurement site are sources of variability. Therefore, these factors should be considered while recording 2D-SWE measurements. Our data on liver stiffness in healthy dogs can serve as the basis for future studies on 2D-SWE to assess pathological conditions in dogs.
Analgesic Efficacy of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Therapy in Horses with Abdominal Pain: A Systematic Review
Authors: Citarella Gerardo , Heitzmann Vanessa , Ranninger Elisabeth , Bettschart-Wolfensberger Regula
Published: November 2023

This systematic review aimed to identify the evidence concerning the analgesic efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to treat abdominal pain in horses, and to establish whether one non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug could provide better analgesia compared to others. This systematic review was conducted following the “Systematic Review Protocol for Animal Intervention Studies”. Research published between 1985 and the end of May 2023 was searched, using three databases, namely, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, using the words equine OR horse AND colic OR abdominal pain AND non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug AND meloxicam OR flunixin meglumine OR phenylbutazone OR firocoxib OR ketoprofen. Risk of bias was assessed with the SYRCLE risk of bias tool, and level of evidence scored according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. From those only one study judged pain with a validated pain score, and a high risk of bias was identified due to the presence of selection, performance, and “other” types of bias. Therefore, caution is required in the interpretation of results from individual studies. To date, the evidence on analgesic efficacy to determine whether one drug is more potent than another regarding the treatment of abdominal pain in horses is sparse.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Biofilm Effects of the Stem Bark, Leaf, and Seed Extracts from Hymenaea courbaril and Characterization by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Analysis
Authors: Cruz Jhonatas Emílio Ribeiro da , Saldanha Hellyssa Cataryna , Nascimento Andressa Moreira do , Borges Rafaela Barbosa , Gomes Marcos de Souza , Freitas Guilherme Ramos Oliveira e , Leal Carla Monteiro , Ferreira Everton Allan , da Silva Filho Ademar Alves , Morais Enyara Rezende
Published: November 2023

Currently, biofilm-forming bacteria are difficult to treat by conventional antibiotic therapy and are, thus, becoming a clinical and epidemiological problem worldwide. Medicinal plants have been identified as novel alternative treatments due to their therapeutic and antimicrobial effects. In this context, the present study aimed to determine the total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial and anti-biofilm potential of nine extracts of Hymenaea courbaril (Fabaceae), popularly known as Jatobá. Furthermore, extracts that exhibited biofilm inhibitory activity against S. aureus (ATCC 25923) were selected for UPLC-HRMS/MS chemical analysis. Our results showed a high total phenolic content, mainly in the stem bark extract, and that the plant is rich in compounds with antioxidant activity. In the anti-biofilm analysis, leaf extracts stood out in comparison with chloramphenicol, with inhibition percentages of 78.29% and 78.85%, respectively. Through chemical analysis by UPLC-HRMS/MS, chrysoeriol-7-O-neohesperidoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and 3,7-di-O-methylquercetin were annotated for the first time in the leaves of H. courbaril. Therefore, these results showed the potential use of H. courbaril as an antioxidant and point to its use in antimicrobial therapy with an anti-biofilm effect.
Prevalence and Transmission of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin (ESC) Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry Production Systems and Slaughterhouses in Denmark
Authors: Che Meiyao , Birk Tina , Hansen Lisbeth Truelstrup
Published: November 2023

The emergence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Escherichia coli is a global concern. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and transmission of ESC-resistant E. coli in the Danish broiler production system. Samples from two vertically integrated Production Systems (1 and 2) and two slaughterhouses (A and B) were analyzed (n = 943) for the occurrence of ESC-resistant E. coli from 2015 to 2018. ESC-resistant E. coli isolates were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) for characterization of the multi-locus sequence type (MLST), antibiotic resistance genes, virulence genes, and plasmid replicon types. An ad hoc core genome (cg) MLST based on 2513 alleles was used to examine the genetic relatedness among isolates. The prevalence of ESC-resistant E. coli in the conventional Production System 1 was 2.7%, while in Production System 2 the prevalence was 26.7% and 56.5% for samples from the conventional and organic production, respectively. The overall prevalence of ESC-resistant E. coli in broiler thigh and fecal samples ranged from 19.3% in Slaughterhouse A to 22.4% in Slaughterhouse B. In total, 162 ESC-resistant E. coli were isolated and shown to belong to 16 different sequence types (STs). The most prevalent STs were ST2040 (n = 85) and ST429 (n = 22). Seven ESC resistance genes were detected: blaCMY-2 (n = 119), blaTEM-52B (n = 16), blaCTX-M-1 (n = 5), blaTEM-52C (n = 3), blaCTX-M-14 (n = 1), blaSHV-12 (n = 1), and up-regulation of ampC (n = 16), with an unknown resistance gene in one isolate (n = 1). The carriage of blaCMY-2 in 119 isolates was primarily associated with IncI1 (n = 87), and IncK plasmids (n = 31). Highly similar blaCMY-2 carrying E. coli isolates from ST429 were found in production systems as well as in slaughterhouses. In conclusion, findings from this study indicate that ESC-resistant E. coli are transferred vertically from farms in the production systems to slaughterhouses with the potential to enter the food supply.
Impact of Erythromycin as a Prokinetic on the Gut Microbiome in Children with Feeding Intolerance—A Pilot Study
Authors: Thavamani Aravind , Sankararaman Senthilkumar , Al-Shakhshir Hilmi , Retuerto Mauricio , Velayuthan Sujithra , Sferra Thomas J. , Ghannoum Mahmoud
Published: November 2023

Background: Studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiome changes upon exposure to systemic antibiotics. There is a paucity of literature regarding impact on the gut microbiome by long-term usage of erythromycin ethyl succinate (EES) when utilized as a prokinetic. Methods: Stool samples from pediatric patients with feeding intolerance who received EES (N = 8) as a prokinetic were analyzed for both bacteriome and mycobiome. Age-matched children with similar clinical characteristics but without EES therapy were included as controls (N = 20). Results: In both groups, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant bacterial phyla. Ascomycota was the most abundant fungal phyla, followed by Basidiomycota. There were no significant differences in richness between the groups for both bacterial and fungal microbiome. Alpha diversity (at genus and species levels) and beta diversity (at the genus level) were not significantly different between the groups for both bacterial and fungal microbiome. At the species level, there was a significant difference between the groups for fungal microbiota, with a p-value of 0.029. We also noted that many fungal microorganisms had significantly higher p-values in the EES group than controls at both genera and species levels. Conclusions: In this observational case-control study, the prokinetic use of EES was associated with changes in beta diversity between the groups for mycobiome at the species level. Many fungal microorganisms were significantly higher in the EES group when compared to the controls. Confirmation of these results in larger trials will provide further evidence regarding the impact of EES on gut microbiota when utilized as a prokinetic agent.
The Chaperone Hsp90, a Key Player in Salivary Gland Tumorigenesis
Authors: Basset Charbel A. , Hajj Hussein Inaya , Jurjus Abdo R. , Cappello Francesco , Conway de Macario Everly , Macario Alberto J. L. , Leone Angelo
Published: November 2023

The chaperone system (CS) is emerging as a key multistage participant in carcinogenesis. The CS chief components are the molecular chaperones (some of which are named heat shock proteins or Hsp), which are typically cytoprotective but if abnormal in structure, location, or quantity, can become etiopathogenic and cause diseases, known as chaperonopathies, including some cancers. For example, abnormal Hsp90 expression is associated with tumorigenesis and poor prognosis. Hsp90 is positioned at the center of several key oncogenic pathways by stabilizing and activating oncogenic kinases responsible for driving cell proliferation and survival. Consequently, inhibition of Hsp90 is being investigated as a possible anti-cancer strategy and some results are encouraging. However, the 5-year survival rate for patients suffering from salivary gland carcinomas is still unsatisfactory. Because of the rarity of these malignancies, they may have been overlooked and understudied and, thus, novel therapies (e.g., inhibition of CS components like Hsp90 and others) are urgently needed. In this review, we also summarize the histopathological quantitative patterns and the intra- and extra-cellular location characteristics of Hsp90 in tumors of salivary glands, pointing to their potential for differential diagnosis, prognostication, and patient monitoring.
Unimodality of Parametric Linear Programming Solutions and Efficient Quantile Estimation
Authors: Mollaeivaneghi Sara , Santos Allan , Steinke Florian
Published: November 2023

For linear optimization problems with a parametric objective, so-called parametric linear programs (PLP), we show that the optimal decision values are, under few technical restrictions, unimodal functions of the parameter, at least in the two-degrees-of-freedom case. Assuming that the parameter is random and follows a known probability distribution, this allows for an efficient algorithm to determe the quantiles of linear combinations of the optimal decisions. The novel results are demonstrated with probabilistic economic dispatch. For an example setup with uncertain fuel costs, quantiles of the resulting inter-regional power flows are computed. The approach is compared against Monte Carlo and piecewise computation techniques, proving significantly reduced computation times for the novel procedure. This holds especially when the feasible set is complex and/or extreme quantiles are desired. This work is limited to problems with two effective degrees of freedom and a one-dimensional uncertainty. Future extensions to higher dimensions could yield a key tool for the analysis of probabilistic PLPs and, specifically, risk management in energy systems.
Explainable AI-Based Identification of Contributing Factors to the Mood State Change in Children and Adolescents with Pre-Existing Psychiatric Disorders in the Context of COVID-19-Related Lockdowns in Greece
Authors: Ntakolia Charis , Priftis Dimitrios , Kotsis Konstantinos , Magklara Konstantina , Charakopoulou-Travlou Mariana , Rannou Ioanna , Ladopoulou Konstantina , Koullourou Iouliani , Tsalamanios Emmanouil , Lazaratou Eleni , Serdari Aspasia , Grigoriadou Aliki , Sadeghi Neda , Chiu Kenny , Giannopoulou Ioanna
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic and its accompanying restrictions have significantly impacted people’s lives globally. There is an increasing interest in examining the influence of this unprecedented situation on our mental well-being, with less attention towards the impact of the elongation of COVID-19-related measures on youth with a pre-existing psychiatric/developmental disorder. The majority of studies focus on individuals, such as students, adults, and youths, among others, with little attention being given to the elongation of COVID-19-related measures and their impact on a special group of individuals, such as children and adolescents with diagnosed developmental and psychiatric disorders. In addition, most of these studies adopt statistical methodologies to identify pair-wise relationships among factors, an approach that limits the ability to understand and interpret the impact of various factors. In response, this study aims to adopt an explainable machine learning approach to identify factors that explain the deterioration or amelioration of mood state in a youth clinical sample. The purpose of this study is to identify and interpret the impact of the greatest contributing features of mood state changes on the prediction output via an explainable machine learning pipeline. Among all the machine learning classifiers, the Random Forest model achieved the highest effectiveness, with 76% best AUC-ROC Score and 13 features. The explainability analysis showed that stress or positive changes derived from the imposing restrictions and COVID-19 pandemic are the top two factors that could affect mood state.
Blockchain and Healthcare: A Critical Analysis of Progress and Challenges in the Last Five Years
Authors: Taherdoost Hamed
Published: November 2023

Utilizing the fundamental characteristics of the decentralization, immutability, and transparency of blockchain technology, the healthcare industry has made notable advancements in incorporating it over the past five years. This review examines the progress and challenges encountered in this critical study by assessing 124 articles published by MDPI between 2018 and the current date. Examining blockchain’s potential uses, like safe data exchange and interoperability in supply chain management and electronic health records, provides exciting new directions for the future of healthcare. Blockchain technology can greatly increase efficiency and cost-effectiveness by guaranteeing data integrity, protecting patient privacy, and reducing administrative procedures. This paper objectively evaluates blockchain’s advancement in healthcare through a thorough analysis of real-world applications and research projects. By highlighting both its advantages and disadvantages, this analysis seeks to add to the continuing conversation about how blockchain will influence the way healthcare is managed and delivered in the future.
Pilot Findings Indicate a Cognitive Behavioral Healthy Lifestyle Intervention for PTSD Improves Sleep and Physical Activity
Authors: Kibler Jeffrey , Ma Mindy , Hrzich Jacquelyn , Choe Jessica
Published: November 2023

Research has indicated strong associations between post-traumatic stress and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) tend to show patterns of elevated CVD risk earlier in life than the general population. The need for developing effective interventions for CVD risk reduction in PTSD is increasingly evident. The purpose of the present pilot study was to examine the effects of a healthy lifestyle intervention that addresses CVD-related heath behaviors (physical activity, sleep, stress) among civilian adults with PTSD. Participants were randomized to the healthy lifestyle intervention condition or a wait-list control. A total of 22 women completed the protocol (11 per group). The mean age was 32 (SD ± 14). Evaluations were conducted before and after the 12-week intervention program in the experimental group, and 12 weeks apart for the control group, and included standardized self-report measures of sleep, physical activity, and general stress. The healthy lifestyle group showed an increase in the amount of sleep pre to post (mean of 1.2 h per night), which was significantly different to the control group, who had no change (p < 0.05; effect size = 1.41). Notable pre to post increases in physical activity were observed between the intervention group (mean increase = 115.8 min over 7 days) and control condition (mean = 4.5 min over 7 days); however, this effect was not significant in the small sample (effect size = 0.70). These preliminary findings suggest that a healthy lifestyle intervention is feasible and can produce desired changes in target behaviors/outcomes.
Characterization of Nanoporous Copper Using Scanning Probe Techniques
Authors: Anton Stefan R. , Tranca Denis E. , Stanciu Stefan G. , Hristu Radu , Banica Cosmin K. , Vasile Eugeniu , Hu Zhaoyi , Fu Engang , Stanciu George A.
Published: November 2023

This study explores the mechanical and optical properties of nanoporous copper (NPC) films dealloyed in acid and base using qualitative and quantitative measurements. Two types of NPC films (NPC 1 and NPC 2) were prepared by dealloying precursor films in different corrosive solutions. The films were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). The AFM analysis revealed distinct nanoporous structures in both films, with NPC 2 showing larger pore sizes and the presence of copper aggregations on the surface. Rugosity measures showed that NPC 2 had higher rugosity than NPC 1 and indicated fundamental differences in the height distributions of the surface nano-topography. The Minkowski connectivity analysis highlighted differences in connectedness and topological characteristics between the two samples. The analysis of the GLCM features showed clear distinctions in ASM, Contrast, Dissimilarity, Energy, and Homogeneity between NPC 1 and NPC 2. The s-SNOM results demonstrated altered optical properties, with NPC 1 showing higher contrast at 1550 nm, while NPC 2 exhibited reversed-phase contrast at 561 nm. The phase contrast at 638 nm indicated a red-shifted optical absorption peak in NPC 2 compared to NPC 1.
Influence of Modified Stalk Fibers on the Fatigue Performance of Asphalt Binder
Authors: Wang Kun , Li Xiongao , Hu Peng , Zhu Yuzhu , Xu Hao , Qu Lu
Published: November 2023

The type and content of modified stalk fibers significantly influence the fatigue properties of asphalt binder. In this study, different concentrations of NaOH solution were used to modify stalk fibers, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the effect of the modified concentration on the fiber morphology. A dynamic shear rheology (DSR) test and a linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test were conducted to analyze the effects of the fiber type and content on various factors such as the complex shear modulus G*, phase angle δ, and fatigue parameters (A35 and B). Consequently, the fatigue life Nf of the fiber asphalt binder was calculated using a viscoelastic continuum damage model. The results show that stalk fibers modified using a 5% alkali solution exhibited the best oil absorption and heat resistance, the asphalt binder with a 1.5%–2% fiber content exhibited the best resistance to fatigue, and the fatigue performance of the asphalt binder with different types of fibers was superior when fiber doping was at 1.5%. Additionally, the fatigue parameter A35 of the modified cotton and corn stover fibers increased by 40.5% and 57.6%, respectively, and the fatigue parameter B decreased by 5.8% and 4.8%, respectively, compared with that of the unmodified stover fibers. Finally, the modified corn stalk fiber asphalt binder with a 1.5% fiber content demonstrated the best fatigue resistance.
Zwitterionic Functionalization of Persistent Luminescence Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Characterizations and In Vivo Biodistribution in Mice
Authors: Dassonville Delphine , Lécuyer Thomas , Seguin Johanne , Corvis Yohann , Liu Jianhua , Cai Guanyu , Mouton Julia , Scherman Daniel , Mignet Nathalie , Richard Cyrille
Published: November 2023

After excitation in the biological transparency window, chromium-doped zinc gallate nanoparticles (ZGO NPs) emit near-infrared luminescence for more than an hour, allowing long-term imaging to be performed without background autofluorescence. However, these nanoparticles are recognized in just a few minutes by serum proteins and are then trapped in the liver. In this article, we put forth that liver uptake can be delayed when coating the surface of ZGO NPs with zwitterions. We focused on the use of a very small zwitterion molecule of 330 Da derived from sulfobetaine silane (SBS) and its grafting in one step and in water onto zinc gallate nanoparticles, and we compared the colloidal stability, the in vitro interactions with serum proteins, and the biodistribution in mice with PEGylated ZGO NPs (5000 Da) prepared in two steps in organic solvent. In vitro quantification of serum protein adsorption suggests that the similarity between the sulfobetaine and the cell membrane is enough to reduce protein adsorption as much as a PEGylation, despite the difference in coating thickness and molecular weight. This study has also proved that a combination of good protein repulsion and a smaller size compared to PEGylated NPs allows similar circulation times to be obtained in mice with zwitterionic or PEG coatings. Therefore, its use could offer new opportunities for further in vivo application of functionalized ZGO derivative NPs.
Characteristics of Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma in Italy: A Tertiary Care, Single-Center Study
Authors: D’Onghia Martina , Cartocci Alessandra , Calabrese Laura , Maio Daniele , Sirchio Azzurra , Erasti Maria , Tognetti Linda , Rubegni Pietro , Bocchia Monica , Cencini Emanuele , Fabbri Alberto , Cinotti Elisa
Published: November 2023

Data on primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCLs) patients in the Italian population are limited, and, despite the existence of several treatment options, the management of those patients remains challenging. Our study aimed to investigate the clinical and therapeutic features of PCL patients in a referral center in Italy. We conducted a retrospective study on 100 consecutive PCL patients between January 2017 and December 2022. The mean (SD) age of our cohort was 70.33 (14.14) years. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) represented 65% of all cases; the majority were mycosis fungoides (42%), followed by cases of Sezary syndrome (10%) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (4%). Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCLs) accounted for 35 % of PCLs, with 15 cases of primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma, 10 cases of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma leg type, and 9 cases of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. A higher frequency of pruritus (p = 0.008) and higher peripheral blood levels of beta-2 microglobulin (p ≤ 0.001) and lactate dehydrogenase (p = 0.025) were found in CTCLs compared to those of CBCLs. Considering all therapeutic lines performed, treatments were extremely heterogeneous and skin-directed therapies represented the most frequently used approach. Our study confirms the distribution of PCL subtypes formerly reported in the literature and highlights the utility of real-life data in treatments to improve the current management of PCL patients.
Experiences of Domestic Violence and Disability
Authors: Brewer Gayle , Hendrikse Calanthe
Published: November 2023

Disabled people are at increased risk of violence, including physical, psychological, sexual, and financial abuse. We conducted a thematic analysis of discussion forum posts (N = 50) from the popular online platform, Reddit. Posts discussed personal experiences of domestic violence, most commonly referring to partner violence (n = 23) or abuse perpetrated by a parent (n = 16). We identified three primary themes associated with domestic violence: (i) Perpetrators Targeting Disability (e.g., withdrawing access to medication or assistive devices and verbal abuse focused on the disability), (ii) Isolation and Dependence (e.g., financial dependence on the perpetrator), and (iii) Accessibility of Support (e.g., inaccessibility of domestic violence shelters and bureaucracy of the benefits system). Findings highlight the relationship between disability and domestic violence. Greater societal recognition of this issue is required, and systems must be put into place to ensure that disabled victim-survivors of domestic violence can access the health and personal care required.
Considerations of Nystatin Roll in Oral Candidiasis Scenario and the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Review
Authors: de Aguiar Michelle Maria Gonçalves Barão , Martinez Renata Miliani , Baby André Rolim , Serra Cristina Helena dos Reis
Published: November 2023

Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection usually related to predisposing factors. Oral manifestations in patients affected by COVID-19 have been reported, as the oral mucosa is the gateway to this viral infection. Xerostomia, as well as other oral symptoms, are predisposing factors for the emergence of oral candidiasis after the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a common pathology, but fatal if left untreated. Nystatin (NYS) is the drug of first choice in the treatment of oral candidiasis. Herein, we reviewed the epidemiology of oral candidiasis and its treatments, focusing on the mechanism of action, dosage forms, and NYS efficacy. NYS is an effective drug against oral candidiasis and belongs to Class IV of the biopharmaceutical classification system; however, its low solubility and low permeability may compromise its availability in the oral cavity and, consequently, its pharmacological action. Future perspectives to overcome drug limitations were also addressed and discussed in our review.
Alternative Transcripts Diversify Genome Function for Phenome Relevance to Health and Diseases
Authors: Carrion Shane A. , Michal Jennifer J. , Jiang Zhihua
Published: November 2023

Manipulation using alternative exon splicing (AES), alternative transcription start (ATS), and alternative polyadenylation (APA) sites are key to transcript diversity underlying health and disease. All three are pervasive in organisms, present in at least 50% of human protein-coding genes. In fact, ATS and APA site use has the highest impact on protein identity, with their ability to alter which first and last exons are utilized as well as impacting stability and translation efficiency. These RNA variants have been shown to be highly specific, both in tissue type and stage, with demonstrated importance to cell proliferation, differentiation and the transition from fetal to adult cells. While alternative exon splicing has a limited effect on protein identity, its ubiquity highlights the importance of these minor alterations, which can alter other features such as localization. The three processes are also highly interwoven, with overlapping, complementary, and competing factors, RNA polymerase II and its CTD (C-terminal domain) chief among them. Their role in development means dysregulation leads to a wide variety of disorders and cancers, with some forms of disease disproportionately affected by specific mechanisms (AES, ATS, or APA). Challenges associated with the genome-wide profiling of RNA variants and their potential solutions are also discussed in this review.
Veined Rock Performance under Uniaxial and Triaxial Compression Using Calibrated Finite Element Numerical Models
Authors: Rudderham Gisèle A. , Day Jennifer J.
Published: November 2023

Geotechnical rockmass characterization is a key task for design of underground and open pit excavations. Hydrothermal veins influence excavation performance by contributing to stress-driven rockmass failure. This study investigates the effects of vein orientation and thickness on stiffness and peak strength of laboratory scale specimens under uniaxial and triaxial compression using finite element numerical experiments of sulfide veined mafic igneous complex (CMET) rocks from El Teniente mine, Chile. The initial numerical models are calibrated to and validated against physical laboratory test data using a multi-step calibration procedure, first of the unveined Lac du Bonnet granite to define the model configuration, and second of unveined and veined CMET. Once calibrated, the numerical experiment involves varying the vein geometry in the veined CMET models by orientation (5 to 85°) and thickness (1, 4, 8 mm). This approach enables systematic investigation of any vein geometry without limitations of physical specimen availability or complexity of physical materials. This methodology greatly improves the value of physical laboratory test data with a limited scope of vein characteristics by using calibrated numerical models to investigate the effects of any other vein geometry. In this study, vein orientation and thickness were both found to have a significant impact on the specimen stiffness and peak strength.