bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curation and classification procedures for the UK Antarctic meteorite collection
Authors: MacArthur J. L. , Joy K. H. , Jones R. H. , Harvey T. A. , Almeida N. V.
Published: October 2024

The field of advanced curation is important for existing astromaterials collections, which includes samples returned by space missions, and meteorites and cosmic dust samples that have been recovered from here on Earth. In order to maximize the scientific return of the samples, contamination needs to be minimized at all stages of sample collection, preliminary examination, classification, and curation. Utilizing best practice methods, a detailed acquisition and curation plan was implemented during the UK's first two expeditions to collect Antarctic meteorites from two new blue icefields, Hutchison Icefields and Outer Recovery Icefields. This article documents the design and execution of the procedures used during the project's curation and classification processes. It describes two case studies showing the processes applied to the recovered meteorites, and reviews our experiences and lessons learned for the future.
Radial transport and nebular thermal processing of millimeter‐sized solids in the Solar protoplanetary disk inferred from Cr‐Ti‐O isotope systematics of chondrules
Authors: Fukuda Kohei , Hibiya Yuki , Kastelle Craig R. , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Iizuka Tsuyoshi , Yamashita Katsuyuki , Helser Thomas E. , Kita Noriko T.
Published: October 2024

Understanding the material transport and mixing processes in the Solar protoplanetary disk provides important constraints on the origin of chemical and isotopic diversities of our planets. The limited extent of radial transport and mixing between the inner and outer Solar System has been suggested based on a fundamental isotopic dichotomy between non‐carbonaceous (NC) and carbonaceous (CC) meteorite groups. The limited transport and mixing could be further tested by tracing the formation regions of individual meteoritic components, such as Ca‐Al‐rich inclusions (CAIs) and chondrules. Here, we show further evidence for the outward transport of CAIs and chondrules from the inner and subsequent thermal processing in the outer region of the protoplanetary disk based on the petrography and combined Cr‐Ti‐O isotope systematics of chondrules from the Vigarano‐like (CV) carbonaceous chondrite Allende. One chondrule studied consists of an olivine core that exhibits NC‐like Ti and O, but CC‐like Cr isotopic signatures, which is enclosed by a pyroxene igneous rim with CC‐like O isotope ratios. These observations indicate that the olivine core formed in the inner Solar System. The olivine core then migrated into the outer Solar System and experienced nebular thermal processing that generated the pyroxene igneous rim. The nebular thermal processing would result in Cr isotope exchange between the olivine core and CC‐like materials, but secondary alteration effects on the parent body are also responsible for the CC‐like Cr isotope signature. By combining previously reported Cr‐Ti‐O isotope systematics of CV chondrules, we show that some CV chondrules larger than ~1 mm would have formed in the inner Solar System. The accretion of the millimeter‐sized, inner Solar System solids onto the CV carbonaceous chondrite parent body would require their very early migration into the outer Solar System within the first 1 million years after the Solar System formation.
Me, My Brain, and I: A Framework for Neuroscience Curriculum Fostering Research‐Practice Partnership Between Scientists and Educators
Authors: Korisky Adi , Davidesco Ido , Ben‐Abu Ofek , Levy Orel , Abrahami Klil , Geri Orly , Zion Golumbic Elana
Published: October 2024

Students' school requirements and learning activities engage many different cognitive processes, including language processing, memory, learning, attention, reasoning, decision‐making, and social interaction. However, students rarely learn about these cognitive processes, or the brain mechanisms underlying them and therefore lack the critical understanding of how they operate. Here, we describe a novel neuroscience curriculum, developed through a research‐practice partnership (RPP) between neuroscientists and educators, aimed at providing students with the opportunity to learn about their own brain and cognitive abilities and engage in authentic neuroscientific inquiry. The curriculum is organized around three pillars: Learn Neuroscience‐Experience Neuroscience‐Contribute to Neuroscience. These are designed to optimize relevance, student engagement, and interactive hands‐on experience. In particular, by incorporating genuine neuroscientific research as part of the program, students are offered a front‐row seat to the scientific process using cutting‐edge neurotechnology and gain firsthand experience with the challenges and excitements of scientific inquiry.
An increasing trend of overweight and obesity in the Japanese incident end‐stage kidney disease population
Authors: Wakasugi Minako , Goto Shin
Published: October 2024

Aim

The global prevalence of overweight/obesity has been rising, and this trend is apparent in US and European incident end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) populations. We aimed to examine temporal trends in the prevalence of overweight/obesity and underweight among adult incident ESKD patients in Japan by year of dialysis initiation between 2006 and 2019 in comparison with those observed in the Japanese adult population during the same period.

Methods

Using data from the Japanese Society of Dialysis Therapy Renal Data Registry and the National Health and Nutrition Survey, the sex‐specific prevalence of overweight/obesity and that of underweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and <18.5 kg/m2, respectively) were calculated, adjusted for age according to the 2019 Population Census via the direct method. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to examine trends.

Results

From 2006 to 2019, the age‐adjusted prevalence of overweight/obesity in the incident ESKD population increased for males (AAPC 3.36 [95% CI, 2.70 to 4.09]) and females (AAPC 2.86 [95% CI, 1.65 to 4.19]). The age‐adjusted prevalence of overweight/obesity in the general population increased for males (AAPC 0.87 [95% CI, 0.26 to 1.42]) but not for females (AAPC 0.01 [95% CI, −0.55 to 0.57]). The age‐adjusted prevalence of underweight in the incident ESKD population significantly decreased but was higher than that in the general population for both sexes.

Conclusion

An increasing trend of overweight/obesity was observed in the incident ESKD population in Japan. There is a pressing need to address both underweight and overweight/obesity in the incident ESKD population.

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In defense of value incomparability: A reply to Dorr, Nebel, and Zuehl
Authors: Carlson Erik , Risberg Olle
Published: October 2024

Cian Dorr, Jacob Nebel, and Jake Zuehl have argued that no objects are incomparable in value. One set of arguments they offer depart from a principle they call ‘Strong Monotonicity’, which states that if x is good and y is not good, then x is better than y. In this article, we respond to those arguments, thereby defending the possibility of value incomparability.
Understanding barriers and facilitators to lifestyle management in people with polycystic ovary syndrome: A mixed method systematic review
Authors: McGowan Margaret , Garad Rhonda , Wadhwani Girija , Torkel Sophia , Rao Vibhuti , Maunder Alison , Osei‐Safo Elaine K. , Moran Lisa J. , Cowan Stephanie
Published: October 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder affecting 10–13% of reproductive‐aged women. Lifestyle management through diet and physical activity changes can improve reproductive, metabolic, and psychological comorbidities. The aim of this systematic review is to understand the barriers and facilitators to lifestyle changes from the perspective of people with PCOS and health care professionals (HCP) using the theoretical domains framework and capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model. Six databases were systematically searched for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed‐methods studies to 22nd September 2022. Quantitative outcomes from quantitative and mixed‐methods studies were narratively synthesized and all studies were thematically analyzed. Sixty‐eight papers met the eligibility criteria. HCP education on lifestyle management in PCOS was viewed by all to be inadequate, impacting the quality of care and health outcomes. Lifestyle advice delivered by a multidisciplinary team, including dietitians, was identified as a key component for change. All agreed that there was a need for individualized and PCOS‐specific lifestyle advice. Weight stigma was identified as negatively impacting both those in larger and smaller bodies with PCOS, reducing the quality of care and affecting self‐perception and mental health. People with PCOS perceived that lifestyle management was overly focused on weight loss and fertility, independent of their own personal motivations and goals. Systemic changes, including increasing HCP education on lifestyle management and multidisciplinary collaboration, focusing on lifestyle advice that meets individual needs, and reducing the use of weight‐centric care are necessary for long‐term sustainable changes and improvements in health outcomes in people with PCOS.
Convergence insufficiency prevalence in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder children depends on the diagnosis criteria
Authors: Clavé Laura , Torrents Aurora
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition commonly seen in children and adolescents, characterised by an increase in distractibility or inattention. Several studies have noted a higher rate of visual problems in this group, especially convergence insufficiency (CI), but when using different diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate visual function in ADHD children and non‐ADHD controls to compare the different signs for diagnosis of CI.

Method

In this prospective case‐control study, a group of children aged 7–17 years, diagnosed with ADHD before the start of pharmacological treatment and matched for age and gender with non‐ADHD controls were examined. Visual acuity (VA), objective and subjective refraction, accommodative amplitude and facility, heterophoria, positive and negative fusional vergences (PFV and NFV) and stereopsis were assessed.

Results

Sixty participants (30 ADHD and 30 non‐ADHD controls) were evaluated. There was no significant difference between the two groups for VA, refraction and accommodative abilities. There were significant differences in PFV and NFV: PFV break/recovery values for the ADHD and control groups were 18.9/16.2∆ and 26.9/22.1∆, respectively. Respective values for NFV were 15.7/13∆ and 19.3/15.9∆. Using the three signs of receded near point of convergence (NPC), decreased PFV and exophoria 4∆ greater at near than distance, the prevalence of CI was equivalent for the ADHD and controls (p = 0.34) If only two signs were considered for the CI diagnosis, (i.e., receded NPC and decreased PFV), then prevalence was significantly greater for the ADHD group (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

These results show a higher prevalence of binocular vision problems in the ADHD group. This suggests a relationship between vergence problems and ADHD, but the direction of this link remains unclear. Further studies with specific samples may be needed to understand fully the association between binocular vision disorders and ADHD.