bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cesarean Section and Maternal Mortality Rates in A High-Risk Maternity Ward
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Londrina State University, Brazil, Resende Miranda Carlos Roberto de
Published: January 2025

Objective: To test the hypothesis that a higher number of cesarean sections would decrease maternal mortality
rates, we correlated cesarean section rates with mortality rates in a high-risk maternity environment in the Regional
University Hospital of Northern Paraná (HURNP).
Methods: We reviewed the records of 22,013 women who gave birth at the HURNP between 1995 and 2015 and
analyzed the variation in the rate of delivery methods and maternal mortality rates, which was defined as the
number of maternal deaths per 10,000 deliveries.
Results: There was a significant increase in cesarean section rates from 33.5% in 1995 to 69% in 2015. Over these
21 years, 46 women died (20.9 per 10,000 women who gave birth). However, mortality rates increased rather than
decreased during the study period.
Conclusion: Despite we cannot confirm causality, the significant increase in the cesarean section rate matched an
increase rather than decreased maternal mortality rates.
Novel clinical trial designs emerging from the molecular reclassification of cancer
Authors: Nikanjam Mina , Kato Shumei , Allen Teresa , Sicklick Jason K. , Kurzrock Razelle
Published: January 2025

Next‐generation sequencing has revealed the disruptive reality that advanced/metastatic cancers have complex and individually distinct genomic landscapes, necessitating a rethinking of treatment strategies and clinical trial designs. Indeed, the molecular reclassification of cancer suggests that it is the molecular underpinnings of the disease, rather than the tissue of origin, that mostly drives outcomes. Consequently, oncology clinical trials have evolved from standard phase 1, 2, and 3 tissue‐specific studies; to tissue‐specific, biomarker‐driven trials; to tissue‐agnostic trials untethered from histology (all drug‐centered designs); and, ultimately, to patient‐centered, N‐of‐1 precision medicine studies in which each patient receives a personalized, biomarker‐matched therapy/combination of drugs. Innovative technologies beyond genomics, including those that address transcriptomics, immunomics, proteomics, functional impact, epigenetic changes, and metabolomics, are enabling further refinement and customization of therapy. Decentralized studies have the potential to improve access to trials and precision medicine approaches for underserved minorities. Evaluation of real‐world data, assessment of patient‐reported outcomes, use of registry protocols, interrogation of exceptional responders, and exploitation of synthetic arms have all contributed to personalized therapeutic approaches. With greater than 1 × 1012 potential patterns of genomic alterations and greater than 4.5 million possible three‐drug combinations, the deployment of artificial intelligence/machine learning may be necessary for the optimization of individual therapy and, in the near future, also may permit the discovery of new treatments in real time.
Estrategias reconstructivas con colgajos en lesiones traumáticas de miembros inferiores: un análisis comparativo de riesgos y beneficios
Authors: Tapia Cueva Jackson André , Solano Benalcázar Evelyn Johanna , Ortega Moreira Aisha Jahanny , Peñafiel Gaibor Víctor , Telenchana Chimbo Paulo Fernando
Published: January 2025

Introducción: La reconstrucción de extremidades traumatizadas implica desafíos complejos en lesiones que afectan estructuras vasculares, óseas y tejidos blandos. Los colgajos libres son preferidos en casos severos por su capacidad para garantizar cobertura funcional y estable mediante trasplante vascularizado. La elección del colgajo se basa en la localización, tamaño del defecto y disponibilidad de tejidos, destacándose opciones como los colgajos fasciocutáneos y en hélice. En fracturas expuestas tipo IIIb y IIIc según Gustilo Anderson, el uso de colgajos es crucial para manejar el compromiso vascular y reducir infecciones, optimizando la función y estética de la extremidad. Objetivo: Evaluar los riesgos y beneficios de la reconstrucción con colgajos en el tratamiento de lesiones traumáticas de miembros inferiores, mediante un análisis comparativo que considere la gravedad de la lesión y los factores intrínsecos de cada paciente, con el fin de determinar la viabilidad de esta técnica. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo sobre estrategias reconstructivas con colgajos en lesiones traumáticas de miembros inferiores, basada en estudios recientes (2019-2024) con alto nivel de evidencia. Se analizaron 9 artículos científicos seleccionados tras una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases científicas mediante criterios rigurosos de elegibilidad, relevancia clínica y nivel de evidencia. Resultados: Los colgajos locorregionales son una opción eficaz y versátil para la reconstrucción de miembros inferiores traumatizados, especialmente en entornos con recursos limitados o pacientes con comorbilidades. Técnicas como el colgajo DIEP, Propeller y hemitríceps sural proporcionan cobertura confiable, reducen complicaciones y ofrecen buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales, siendo una alternativa valiosa a los colgajos microquirúrgicos. Conclusión: El uso de colgajos para la reconstrucción de miembros inferiores es una técnica efectiva, confiable y adaptable que mejora la calidad de vida funcional y estética de los pacientes. La selección adecuada de la técnica depende de las características del defecto, las comorbilidades del paciente y la experiencia del equipo médico. Aunque las complicaciones graves no son frecuentes, deben considerarse cuidadosamente para minimizar el riesgo de fallas en la reconstrucción. Área de estudio general: Medicina. Área de estudio específica: Traumatología. Tipo de estudio: Revisión bibliográfica.
Outcome of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (Pcnl): Initial Experience in Rajshahi
Authors: Bari Md Abdul , Arefin Md Moshiur , Islam Md Tafiqul , Asaduzzaman Md , Rahim Md Abdur , Sarker Abul Kashem
Published: January 2025

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of PCNL in the treatment of renal stone in Rajshahi.
Patients and methods: The study was conducted in the department urology of Rajshahi medical college hospital from December 2016 to August 2021. Five hundred consecutive patients of Nephrolithiasis treated with PCNL were included in this study.  Patients of Nephrolithiasis aged 18 years and above of both sex, with no bleeding disorder and fit for general anesthesia were treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy. After PCNL patients were followed up for 3 months. Outcome was measured with stone clearance, blood transfusion, transient fever, UTI, urine leakage, other organ injury and hospital stay. Descriptive statistics was used to present the data.
Result: Mean age of the patients was 40.46±10.64 years and mean size of the stone was 22± 8.50 mm. Stone clearance rate was 92.6% and residual stone was 7.4% cases. Overall complications were recorded in 26.60% cases. Hospital stay was 4.6±1.40, days.
Conclusion: PCNL is a safe and effective procedure of renal stone surgery with few complications and short hospital stay.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2023; 26(1): 3-8
Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Our Experience
Authors: Arafuzzaman Khondaker , Islam Md Merajul , Hasan Md Mahmud , Rashid Mohammod Mamunur , Alam Md Mahmud , Ahmed Furkan
Published: January 2025

Background: Treatment of renal stone is a common practice in urology. A total of four minimally invasive therapy options, including ESWL (Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy), PCNL (Percutaneous nephrolithotomy), RIRS (retrograde intrarenal stone surgery), and LSS (laparoscopic stone surgery), are now available for the treatment of kidney stones. PCNL is the gold standard for large renal stones. The prone position for doing PCNL is the standard of teaching and used by most of the urologists. Supine positioning for PCNL is also another well-established method but urologists do not frequently use it due to unfamiliarity with the positioning and puncturing technique under fluoroscopic guidance. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of supine PCNL for the treatment of big renal stones and paying close attention to the complications.
Methods: This study was a prospective cross sectional study which was conducted at the department of Urology in Mugda Medical College Hospital & some private hospital in Dhaka. The study was conducted during the period of January 2020- December 2021. The total sample size for this study was 84.
Result: The mean age of the patients was 39.7 ±15. Most of the patients 48(57.1%) were male and 36(42.9%) were female. Mean BMI, kg/m2 was 25.2 ±6.9 and mean Stone burden (mm) was 29.9 ±10.9. Most of the stone 44(52%) were on right side and 40(48%) were on left side. Radio-opaque was seen in 58(69%) cases, Radiolucent in 17(20.2%) and mixed in 9(10.7%) cases. Mean time for initial puncture was 12.24±5.19, mean intraoperative period (in minutes) was 52.42 ±10.28, mean haemoglobin drop (gm/dl) was 0.91 ±0.51, mean duration of hospital stay (post-operative in days) was 3.2 ±1.7, auxiliary procedure were required in 4 cases. The stone free rate was 80(95.2%).
Conclusion: Supine PCNL can be used to treat all stone sizes and is technically viable. It also has a number of potential benefits, particularly for individuals who are obese and at high risk when under anaesthesia or where simultaneous use of ureterorenoscopy (URS) is needed.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2023; 26(2):64-69
Pattern of Congenital Anomalies at Birth and their Associated Maternal Characteristics in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka and Chattogram
Authors: Ashrafi Ferdousi Mahmuda , Fahmida Hasnat Major , Sydur Rahman Md
Published: January 2025

Background: Congenital fetal anomalies are an important causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries that affect health care system. Knowledge of maternal sociodemographic and antenatal characteristics could identify a pattern of population at risk in order to target preventive interventions. The study aimed to determine the pattern of congenital anomalies in newborns, as well as the associated maternal characteristics at a tertiary level hospital in Dhaka and Chattogram, Bangladesh. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka and Chattogram between February 2023 to September 2023, February 2021 to September 2021. A total of 50 pregnant women with fetal congenital anomalies admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology were included in this study. Pattern of anomalies and maternal sociodemographic and antenatal characteristics were recorded in a proforma. Results: The mean age of the mother was 27.3±6.4 years. Twenty seven (54%) of the baby were male and 23 were female (gender ratio 1.2:1). More common congenital anomalies were hydrocephalus (26%), anencephaly (22%), cleft lip (6%), cleft lip & palate (6%), polydactyly (6%), and hydrops fetalis (6%). Associated materanl characteristics were high maternal age (34%), consanguinity of marriage (14%), maternal under-nutrition (22%), maternal obesity (6%), exposure to drugs (10%), associated medical conditions (34%), no history of folic acid intake in antenatal period (62%), high grade fever in 1st trimester and history of previous birth defect (8%). Conclusion: Congenital anomalies of the CNS and musculoskeletal or gastrointestinal defects were seen most frequently. More research is required to identify the factors responsible for the different types of congenital anomalies.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.23 (1); January 2024; Page 47-51
Perinatal Outcomes of Teenage Mothers and Their Babies
Authors: Ferdoues Jannatul , Barua Tanuka , Ahmed Surovi Farjana , Naz Mabud Farah , Noor Rosy Serajun
Published: January 2025

Background: Teenage pregnancy is coming up as one of the most important social and public health problem in both developed and developing countries and has an increased risk of both maternal and fetal complications specially in developing countries like Bangladesh. The purpose of the study to determine the fetal and maternal outcomes of teenage mother in Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH) Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of Chittagong Medical College Hospital for a period of six months from 10th October 2013 to 9th April 2014. One hundred teenage mothers (Aged 15-19 completed years at delivery) who got herself admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology were included in this study. Diagnosis was established by history, presenting complaints, physical examination, per-abdominal examination and per-vaginal examination who required. Complications during pregnancy and labour, postpartum complications and perinatal outcome were noted. Data were analyzed by SPSS-18. Results: During this study period, 60% mothers were in age group of 17-18 years. Most of the patients were primigravida (72%). Majority (56%) of patients were in no antenatal cheek up. Most of patients (75%) admitted at her gestational age (37 – 42 wk). Among them, maximum patients (44%) were delivered by caesarean section. Most of teenage mothers (64%) were suffered from various complications during pregnancy and labour like preterm labour (21.87%), prolonged labour (17.18%), anaemia (14.06%), obstructed labour (12.50%), gestational hypertension (7.81%), Urinary tract infection (7.81%), pre-eclampsia (4.68%) eclampsia (3.13%). 57%of teenage mothers suffered from postpartum complications including post-partum hemorrhage (21.05%), anaemia (17.54%), inadequate lactation (14.03%), postpartum eclampsia (10.53%), wound infection (10.53%), puerperal sepsis (5.26%), urinary tract infection (3.51%) and puerperal psychosis (3.51%). About 15% mothers delivered low birth weight babies, 93% of those were premature. 48% of babies were suffered from various complications. Among them, prematurity (29.17%), birth asphyxia (25%), neonatal jaundice (25%), sepsis (12.50%), congenital heart disease (4.17%), congenital anomalies (2.08%) and intra-uterine growth restriction (2.08% were common.43% babies needed hospital admission due to causes of birth asphyxia (27.90%), prematurity (25.58%), neonatal jaundice (23.25%), sepsis (13.95%), congenital heart disease (4.65%).Perinatal outcomes of teenage pregnancy was alive with resuscitation 38%, alive without resuscitation 54%, intra-uterine death 1%, stillbirth 2% and neonatal death 5%. Conclusion: Teenage means the youth of the population who are the future of the nation. So, more emphasis should be given on further reduction of teenage pregnancy  
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.23 (1); January 2024; Page 56-60
Demographic and Clinicopathological Patterns of Colorectal Cancer at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Chattogram
Authors: Shafatujjahan  , Taufique Reshma Samira , Sharmin Ruhi Nuzhat , Mostaque Ahmed ASM , Jalal Uddin Md , Khatun Monira , Hassan Mahade , Sultana Unan
Published: January 2025

Background: Colorectal cancer is a disease in which cells in the colon or rectum grow out of control. Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most frequent malignancy in the world. The purpose of the present study was to see the demographic and clinicopathological patterns of colorectal cancer among patients attended at a tertiary care hospital of Chattogram. Materials and methods: The study was a retrospective, single centre, observational type, carried out in the Department of Medical Oncology & Radiotherapy of Chattagram Maa Shishu-O-General Hospital. Baseline data were collected in a semi structured questionnaire and all reports were documented from pathology or from medical record departments. Results: A total of 70 cases of colorectal cancer patient’s ages ranges from 16 to 73 years where 30% of the patients were within 46-55 years and both sexes were included in the study. Majority of them were male 44 (62.85%) and from rural area (60%). 50% of patients were from the middle class group. Among all 70 cases, rectal site was in 37 (52.85%) patients and most of the patients 44 (62.85%) were histopathologically found in stage IV. Among 70 cases Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done only 14.28% and histopathological types of colorectal carcinoma showed majority adenocarcinomas 90%. Conclusion: In conclusion, middle-aged and middle-class male patients are most vulnerable to colorectal cancer, and most of them are diagnosed at stage IV.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.23 (1); January 2024; Page 73-77
ПСИХОГРАМА ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ СТВОРЕННЯ ЦІЛІСНОГО ОБРАЗУ МОРСЬКОГО КАДЕТА НА ОСНОВІ АНАЛІЗУ РІЗНИХ ВИДІВ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТІ
Authors: Єлєазаров О.П. , Тирон О.М.
Published: January 2025

Під час роботи на морі моряк стикається з багатьма психологічними, фізіологічними та комунікативними викликами. Ми склали психограму морського кадета, базуючись на дослідженні різних аспектів толерантності, які тісно пов’язані з професійною діяльністю моряків, такі як соціальна толерантність, яка пов’язана з психологічними аспектами особистості, фізіологічна толерантність, яка пов’язана з фізичною витривалістю людини. Запропонована психограма дає цілісний образ морського кадета та дозволяє зробити акцент на ключових сферах формування навичок та якостей, а саме: розуміння різниці між людьми, відкритість і сприйняття, емпатія і співчуття, самосвідомість і самовдосконалення, адаптивність до змін та інновацій, підтримка психічного та фізичного здоров’я.
Ключові слова: психограма морського курсанта, психологічна толерантність, фізіологічна толерантність, комунікативна толерантність, адаптивнісnь
ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ ТА РЕКЛАМНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НА ВОДНОМУ ТРАНСПОРТІ У ПОВОЄНИЙ ПЕРІОД
Authors: Бойко С.О. , Лерніченко К.В. , Кучерук Г.Ю.
Published: January 2025

Стаття присвячена вирішенню пріоритетних інфраструктурних проблем якісного надання туристичних послуг на комплексних круїзних маршрутах в Україні. Автори звертають увагу на необхідність оптимізації діяльності річкових та морських портів, модернізації портової інфраструктури для прийняття міжнародних круїзних туристів та підвищення задоволеності споживачів якістю та кількістю послуг. Проведено аналіз досліджень зарубіжних та українських учених щодо розвитку інфраструктури туристичних послуг, а також здійснено обстеження пасажиропотоків у річковій та прибережній акваторії України за допомогою анкетного опитування. Запропоновано удосконалення інфраструктури круїзного туризму через інноваційну модернізацію, розвиток телекомунікаційної інфраструктури та маркетингові заходи, враховуючи соціальний та економічний аспекти. Основні рекомендації включають диференціацію екскурсійних турів, модернізацію флоту, розроблення комбінованих маршрутів та поліпшення реклами екскурсійних турів і круїзів.
Ключові слова: інфраструктура, туризм, послуги, рекламне забезпечення, водний транспорт.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ГІБРИДНИХ РОБОТИЗОВАНИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ ДЛЯ ІНСПЕКЦІЇ МОРСЬКИХ НАФТОГАЗОВИХ ОБ'ЄКТІВ
Authors: Тимочко Олександр Іванович , Левченко Ольга Вікторівна , Руденко Владислав Миколайович , Сітков Олексій Михайлович
Published: January 2025

Метою роботи є аналіз сучасного стану та перспектив використання гібридних роботизованих комплексів для інспекції морських нафтогазових об'єктів. Поставлена мета під час інспекцій в шельфовій галузі досягається шляхом використання гібридних роботизованих комплексів, до складу яких входять автономні підводні апарати, дистанційно керовані підводні апарати, безпілотні літальні апарати та автономні надводні апарати, що діють за єдиним планом для мінімізації ризику для людини при виданні точної і достовірної інформації про стан обладнання в будь-яких складних умовах. Ключовими ланками в системі моніторингу стану і безпеки об'єктів шельфової промисловості є дистанційно керовані підводні апарати та автономні підводні апарати. БПЛА, які, маючи доступ до важкодоступних ділянок на плавучих спорудах, сучасні технології візуалізації та відмінну маневреність, надають детальні знімки з високою роздільною здатністю для моніторингу стану споруд, розташованих вище ватерлінії, дозволяють оперативно виявляти корозію або механічні пошкодження конструкцій та оперативно пропонувати термінові заходи щодо їх усунення. Підвищення безпеки під час регулярних інспекцій безпілотними апаратами у різних зонах платформи для виявлення потенційних ризиків, які можуть поставити під загрозу персонал, активи та навколишнє середовище, досягається шляхом відсторонення інспекторів від роботи на великій висоті або глибині та/або в небезпечних умовах. Найсуттєвішими результатами є виділення кількох інспекційних зон залежно від наявності обладнання та порядку проведення інспекцій на стаціонарних та плавучих морських спорудах. Значущість отриманих результатів полягає у розробці пропозицій щодо використання безпілотних літальних, надводних апаратів і підводних апаратів для інспекцій морських споруд, що вважається ефективною альтернативою використанню водолазів під водою і робітників, що проводять роботи на великих висотах, забезпечуючи розширені можливості контролю, технічного обслуговування і ремонту у важкодоступних місцях та більш швидке отримання великих обсягів даних. Таким чином, основним напрямком подальшої роботи є дослідження можливості інтеграції передових сенсорних технологій з наявними безпілотними системами для досягнення більш ефективних інспекцій та використання штучного інтелекту і машинного навчання для аналізу отриманих у результаті цих інспекцій даних для поліпшення автоматизованого виявлення дефектів і аномалій та зниження можливих ризиків.
Ключові слова: гібридний роботизований комплекс, автономний підводний апарат, дистанційно керований підводний апарат, безпілотний літальний апарат, автономний надводний апарат, навігація, судно, посадка на мілину, особа, що приймає рішення, набір корпусу судна, пошкодження, розлив нафти, методи підтримки маневрування, судно, система підтримки прийняття рішень
АВТОНОМНЕ СУДНОПЛАВСТВО МОРСЬКОЇ ГАЛУЗІ: НОРМАТИВНА СКЛАДОВА
Authors: Березовська В.В.
Published: January 2025

Статтю присвячено питанням формування уніфікованої нормативної бази сфери автономного судноплавства морської галузі у ХХІ ст. Важливість постановки цієї проблеми обумовлена потребами сучасної світової економічної, політичної та соціальної складових, де учасники могли б вільно взаємодіяти та співпрацювати в єдиному морському просторі на рівних нормативних засадах у сфері автономного судноплавства. На підставі аналізу відомостей та матеріалів фахово-орієнтованих джерел проаналізовано особливостітехнологічнихінноваційв морській галузі, активне впровадження світовими компаніями автономного судноплавства, створення нормативної бази та її активну інтеграцію доєдиної уніфікованоїсвітової нормативної бази.Окрім цього розглянуто проблемибезпеки та захищеностіавтономного судноплавства, питання його впливуна навколишнє середовище; спрощення процедур міжнародної торгівлі; потенційні витрати для галузі та їх вплив наморськийперсонал як на борту, так і на березі. Підкреслено необхідність створення єдиної загальносвітової уніфікованої нормативної бази для автономного судноплавства, при обов’язковому залученні спеціалістів з різних країн, зацікавлених у подальшому розвитку галузі. Детально проаналізовано кроки Міжнародної морської організація (ІМО) з підготовки Міжнародного кодексу по морським автономним надводним суднам. Завершення роботи над документом планується до кінця 2025 р., а вже 2028 р. документ стане обов'язковим до виконання світовим співтовариством.
Ключові слова: Міжнародна морська організація (ІМО), фахівці морської галузі, морські автономні надводні кораблі (MASS), Комітет з безпеки на морі (MSC), інформаційні технології, нормативна база, технологічні інновації.
ПАРАМЕТРИЗАЦІЯ ГЕОМЕТРИЧНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ В AUTOCAD
Authors: Лопатюк С.П.
Published: January 2025

Системи автоматизованого проєктування давно здобули пріоритет в практиці геометричного моделювання. AutoCAD від початку існування цілеспрямовано втілює у життя програмне забезпечення, яке вдало копіює дії проєктувальника-людини в процесі створення технічних креслень або геометричних моделей об’єктів складної технічної форми. Параметричне проєктування з’явилося у версії AutoCAD2010 року, і являє собою подальший розвиток можливостей автоматичного проєктування при модифікації технічних виробів із збереженням деяких геометричних або розмірних залежностей. Стаття присвячена питанням використання параметризації при вивченні дисципліни «Нарисна геометрія та інженерна графіка» в частині «Комп’ютерна графіка». Приділяється увага методиці розв’язання задач нарисної геометрії і проекційного креслення з прив’язкою до геометричних особливостей алгоритмів побудови чи геометричних (розмірних) залежностей об’єктів.
Ключові слова: об’єктна прив’язка, параметризація, геометричні залежності, розмірні залежності.
EVALUASI TEKNIS SISTEM DRAINASE DI KAWASAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS ISLAM “45” BEKASI
Authors: Jaelani Jenal , Srie Gunarti Anita Setyowati , Yulius Elma
Published: January 2025

Banjir yang terjadi di Universitas Islam “45” (UNISMA) Bekasi disebabkan oleh sistem drainase kampus yang kurang baik dan curah hujan yang tinggi serta bentuk/ kontur tanah. Lingkungan kampus yang baik merupakan kebutuhan dasar bagi para mahasiswa, dosen dan pegawainya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencari solusi mencegah dan mengatasi banjir di UNISMA Bekasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi dan studi literatur dengan mengacu pada data primer dan data sekunder yang telah ada. Data curah hujan yang digunakan adalah data curah hujan Halim Perdana Kusuma yang di dapat dari Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) Wilayah II Dinas PSDA Propinsi Jawa Barat. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah frekuensi curah hujan preiode ulang 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, dan 100 tahun dengan menggunakan metode distribusi Normal, Log Normal, Log Pearson III dan Distribusi Gumbel. Berdasarkan nilai-nilai tersebut didapat jenis sebaran yang memenuhi syarat setelah melalui pengujian Chi Kuadrat. Kemudian dilakukan penghitungan debit banjir maksimum periode ulang dan mencari jumlah kebutuhan pompa air periode ulang yang dibutuhkan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan dipilih sebaran distribusi Log Normal untuk menentukan curah hujan periode ulang. Hasil analisis debit curah hujan menggunakan metode rasional di dapat debit periode ulang 2 tahun 0.2188 m3/dt, 5 tahun 0.2893 m3/dt, 10 tahun 0.3335 m3/dt, 20 tahun 0.7378 m3/dt, 50 tahun 0.4356 m3/dt,dan 100 tahun 0.4794 m3/dt. Berdasarkan hasil analisis debit rencana periode ulang maka di dapat jumlah kebutuhan pompa untuk periode ulang 2 tahun 4 unit, 5 tahun 6 unit, 10 tahun 7 unit, 20 tahun 8 unit, 50 tahun 9 unit dan periode ulang 100 tahun 10 unit pompa dengan kapasitas angkut pompa 0,05 m3/dt. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ada 4 (empat) solusi mengatasi banjir di UNISMA, yaitu menambah pompa sesuai periode ulang, mengurug, membuat tanggul khusus, dan membuat saluran baru.
Kata kunci: banjir, saluran drainase, debit air hujan
ATTERBERG LIMIT DAN DIRECT SHEAR STRENGTH TANAH LEMPUNG DENGAN SPENT CATALYST RCC-15 DAN Ca(OH)2
Authors: Srie Gunarti Anita Setyowati , Yulius Elma
Published: January 2025

Improvement of physical and mechanical properties of the soil should be used if it is found that the soil does not meet the technical requirements to be used as supporting building or street. Therefore, before it is used as a building support, need further research on soil stabilization. In this study used the waste from UP VI Pertamina Balongan Indramayu produced large enough that Spent Catalyst RCC 15 combined with Ca (OH) 2 or commonly referred to as the lime stabilization of clay material. Waste Utilization of Spent Catalyst RCC 15 which reaches 20 tons / day course will reduce the burden will even eliminate the cost of management, otherwise will bring significant benefits. One method of stabilization of soil chemical stabilization as an effort to increase strength, reduce the decline, and improve the physical and mechanical properties. In this study, chemical stabilization method is used to test the Atterberg Limits and Direct Shear on native soil and soil stabilized with lime Spent Catalyst 3% and 1.5%, 3%, 4.5% were cured for 7 days . The addition of Ca(OH)2 and Spent Catalyst RCC 15 on clay is able to change the value of the land for the better plasticity. The increase in the value of the friction angle and cohesion shown in optimum soil stabilization with lime content Spent Catalyst 3% and 1.5%. Cohesion has increased by 3.2% and the angle of friction in an increase of 27.3%.
Key Words: Spent Catalyst RCC 15, Ca(OH)2, Soil Stabilization, Direct Shear Strength, Atterberg Limit.
Exploring the Impact of Organizational Culture on International Business Practices : A Study of Training in U.S. Multinational Companies Established in Hungary
Authors: Sharirlou Azin
Published: January 2025

The idea of business culture is fundamentally connected to societal business practices within a specific cultural environment(Wangchuk et al., 2020). Organizational culture can be definedas the collection of core beliefs and assumptions formulated, discovered, or developed by a group addressing external and internal challenges (Schein, 1992).A well-established connection exists between the culture within an organization and its performance outcomes, with a wealth of research supporting a positive linkage(Ouchi, 1981; Kotter and Heskett, 1992).This study looks at how the work culture in American companies affects the way they manage their employees, especially in their offices in Hungary and how HR practices in American multinational companies adapt to and influence training and development in a Hungarian context.In today's world, understanding and working with different cultures is very important for international business (Twose, 2019). This paper explores how the typical values and ways of doing things in American culture affect the training and growth of employees in other countries.Through qualitative interviews with HR professionals, the study identifies three pivotal training themes: Competency Development, On-the-job Training, and Innovation in Learning. These themes highlight a commitment to continuous skill enhancement, practical learning experiences, and progressive educational practices, aligning with American cultural valuesof individualism and innovation. The findings articulate how such cultural traits are translated into HR practices, emphasizing the interdependencebetween individual professional growth and broader organizational objectives. This research enriches the understanding of transnational cultural impacts on corporate training strategies, offering insights for global HR management and the successful navigation ofcross-cultural business landscapes.
Pavement Type Hysteresis and Truck Rolling Resistance
Authors: Lenngren C.A.
Published: January 2025

Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) pavements usually incur higher investment costs than Asphalt Concrete (AC) alternatives. In a life cycle analysis the higher cost is justified by lower maintenance costs, less and fewer traffic flow intru-sions, and a longer technical life. All these factors contribute to a reduction of the carbon footprint. To further improve the sustainability of PCC pavements the rolling resistance should be lower on stiff and elastic materials like e.g. steel. To prove this thesis, studies of fuel consumption have been made where a truck is driven over different pavement structures. However, it is difficult to precisely ac-cess how much can be attributed to the pavement structure. Many factors affect the rolling resistance, such as roughness, texture, air flow et cetera. The present paper presents a different approach analyzing data from a falling weight deflec-tometer, (FWD). Pavement hysteresis is assessed by evaluating time histories. Thus, energy losses due to the properties of the pavement structure can be esti-mated. It was found that the visco-elastic properties of the asphalt had a great in-fluence of the curve in warm and hot weather. Water present and the subgrade material also affected the curve due to the material damping properties. At one field site, a motorway consisted of asphalt concrete and PCC pavement on very similar unbound materials. The difference in energy losses between the two was found significant and it is suggested that it is accounted for when comparing the two materials for life cost analysis purposes.
Ride Quality Measurement and User Ratings: Results from Main Field Trials
Authors: Prem Hans , Tu Ziming
Published: January 2025

Improved techniques for assessing ride quality have been developed by the authors that more closely simulate the responses of humans to whole-body vibration and vehicle ride dynamics across a broad range of vehicle classes. The new ride model aims to address some fundamental issues related to road unevenness measurements which frequently do not correlate well with subjective ratings of pavement rideability. Field trials were conducted to test the models on a total of twenty-one pavement sections covering a wide range of roughness levels. Nine vehicles were used in the main trials, two from each of four vehicle classes (motorcycles, cars, SUVs and trucks) and an extra car, and a further two cars were added from an earlier pilot trial. In total, ten test subjects were recruited with a range of driving backgrounds, each driving one of the test vehicles. The modelled ride responses were compared with measured ride vibration and user ride ratings, all were taken on the same pavement test sections. Portable vibration measuring equipment was used to record ride vibration comprising accelerometers and a data logger and incorporating GPS. Subjective ratings of ride vibration on each pavement section were obtained from test subjects during the conduct of tests.
A Double Layered Photocatalytic Concrete Pavement: A Durable Application with Air-purifying Properties
Authors: Beldeens Anne , Boonen Elia
Published: January 2025

Photocatalytic concrete constitutes a promising technique to reduce a number of air contaminants such as NOx and VOC’s, especially at sites with a high level of pollution: highly trafficked canyon streets, road tunnels, urban environment, etc. The use of a double layered concrete (or two lift concrete) provides a durable solution by allowing the insertion of photoactive TiO2 in the top layer of the concrete pavement and recycled concrete aggregates in the bottom layer, without jeopardizing the durability of the pavement. In contact with light, the TiO2 is activated and able to reduce different pollutants in the air. A double layered concrete with photocatalytic materials in the top layer has been constructed in March 2011. This was done in the framework of a broader environmental sustainability project ECO2PROFIT, which deals with reduction of the emission of greenhouse gasses and sustainable production of energy on industrial estates in the frontier area between Flanders and Holland. This paper focuses on the construction of the double layered concrete in Wijnegem and on the influence of different parameters on the photocatalytic efficiency of the pavement.
Durable two lift pavements with different cements
Authors: Breitenbücher R. , Schulte-Schrepping C.
Published: January 2025

For the construction of two lift concrete pavements according to the German guideline “ZTV Beton-StB 07” it is mandatory to use the same cement for the upper and lower lift of the pavement. By allowing the use of different binders in the two lifts, ecological and economic advantages could be achieved. This article proposes the approach to use cements with a high clinker content in the thin upper lift, which is directly exposed to high mechanical and freeze-thaw stresses. On the other hand, the thick lower lift should be produced using low clinker cements. Hence, the susceptibility to alkali-silica reactions (ASR) as well as the environmental impact (CO2 emissions) of the pavements are reduced.
Sustainability of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP) Containing Recycled Aggregate and Epoxy-Coated Reinforcing
Authors: McDonald D.B.
Published: January 2025

A 32-mile (52 km) segment of concrete interstate highway from Madison to Portage, Wisconsin, was rebuilt in 1984 using recycled aggregate and epoxy-coated bars. In 2008-2009, 3½ miles (5.6 km) of the continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) was demolished due to the construction of a new interchange at State Road 60 and I-90/I-94. This report documents the condition of the CRCP pavement, the demolition, and the materials after 25 years of service. It is believed that this CRCP pavement was the first to use epoxy-coated reinforcement and possibly the first to use recycled concrete aggregate as well. This project demonstrates the reuse of both steel and concrete and the ability for a highly durable system to incorporate sustainable features.
CRCP Performance Patterns Gleaned from Texas Pavement Management Data
Authors: Liu Litao , Rashed Amir , Gharaibeh Nasir G.
Published: January 2025

Performance management is increasingly emphasized at the state and national levels. This is evident in the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) and performance targets set by individual state Departments of Transportation (DOTs). This management approach requires the establishment of performance goals, measures, and metrics for pavement networks, and systematic measurement of progress towards achieving the goals. This paper evaluates the performance of continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) in the Houston, Texas area based on the performance management criteria outlined in MAP-21 and the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) statewide pavement performance goal. The performance metrics used in this analysis are the International Roughness Index (IRI), punchouts per mile, and TxDOT’s Condition Score (CS). The data for conducting this analysis was obtained from TxDOT’s Pavement Management Information System (PMIS) database. Despite approaching or exceeding the end of its design life, the performance of CRCP in the Houston District has been consistently successful over the past nine years based on the performance management criteria outlined in MAP-21 and TxDOT’s statewide pavement performance target.
A New Design of Composite Pavement with Asphalt Interlayer between CRCP and Cement Treated Base Course
Authors: Kazato Takayuki , Motomatsu Shiro , Nishizawa Tatsuo , Taketsu Hitomi
Published: January 2025

In Japan, composite pavements are adopted in expressways to ensure a long service life with minimum maintenance work. A typical design of the composite pavement utilizes a porous asphalt surface and a CRCP over a cement treated base course (CTB). An investigation on a 20 years old composite pavement revealed that the CTB was damaged due to water penetration and erosion. This finding promoted us to develop a new type of composite pavement, which introduces an asphalt interlayer (AIL) over the CTB to prevent the erosion. A structural design method for the new design of the new composite pavement was developed based on thermal and load stress calculations and fatigue analysis. Full scale test composite pavements were constructed and thermal and load strains measured on the pavements. A 3DFEM model was developed for stress calculation and validated by comparing the calculated and measured strains. The new design method provides 10 % reduction of fatigue damage by introducing AIL. It was also found that the fatigue damage increases six times if AIL is not used and CTB is eroded.
Construction of Interstate Concrete Shoulders using 100% Recycled Concrete Aggregate
Authors: Geary Georgene M. , Palotta Scott M. , Boyle Mike , Jared David
Published: January 2025

In an effort to increase consideration of the use of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) in concrete pavements, this paper describes the mix design and construction of 90 lane kilometers (56 lane miles) of Interstate concrete shoulder pavement using 100% of the coarse and fine portions of recycled concrete pavement, with only the addition of natural sand for workability. The project is located on Interstate 16 between Macon and Savannah, Georgia. The original project plans allowed the option of asphalt, concrete or roller compacted concrete shoulders. The Contractor proposed and Georgia DOT permitted the use of 100% recycled concrete pavement as an option for the shoulder construction. While Georgia DOT has allowed recycled concrete for use in graded aggregate base since the late 1990’s, this is their first use of recycled concrete aggregates in pavement. The project also includes the replacement of the truck lane and rehabilitation of the existing inside lane. The project successfully incorporated 100% of the RCA in the new concrete shoulders while maintaining strength and workability, providing concrete shoulders as another viable option for RCA pavements.
Recycled Aggregates in Roller-Compacted Concrete
Authors: LaHucik Jeff , Roesler Jeffrey R.
Published: January 2025

With increasing demand for more sustainable pavement options, roller-compacted concrete (RCC) is attractive because of its lower cement contents, construction expediency, and early opening to traffic. Addition of recycled aggregates to RCC can further economize this pavement type. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the following recycled aggregates on RCC mixture design and hardened properties: recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), electric arc furnace (EAF) slag aggregates, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), and steel furnace slag fractionated reclaimed asphalt pavement (SFSFRAP). For each mixture, compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths and fracture properties were tested at multiple ages. The strength of the RCC containing recycled aggregates was similar to or lower than the RCC with virgin except for the RCC mixture with EAF, which produced statistically greater compressive strength. As expected, RAP and SFSFRAP resulted in lower compressive strengths compared to the virgin aggregate RCC. All RCC mixes with recycled aggregates had statistically lower flexural strength to RCC with virgin aggregates except the EAF aggregates. Disk compact tension fracture testing demonstrated that all recycled aggregate mixes had similar or greater values of critical stress intensity factor and total fracture energy relative to the virgin RCC. Based on past slab testing of concrete with recycled aggregates that had similar or greater fracture parameters relative to virgin aggregate concrete, slab flexural capacities are anticipated to be similar for RCC with and without recycled aggregates despite the lower strength properties for RCC containing recycled aggregates except the EAF aggregates.
INVESTIGATION OF DOWEL BAR RETROFITTING ON PCC PAVEMENT RESPONSES
Authors: Hiller Jacob E. , Buch Neeraj
Published: January 2025

Load transfer across transverse cracks is critical to maintaining satisfactory performance in PCC pavements. As a result of this, the use of dowel bar retrofitting is an essential rehabilitation alternative for PCC pavements. Finite element analysis was used in a parametric study including variables such as PCC thickness, temperature gradient, and subgrade support. Discontinuities were modeled solely with aggregate interlock as well as in combination with dowels. In both cases, load transfer efficiency and the critical slab tensile stresses were computed to examine the immediate theoretical benefits. Analytically, little change in slab tensile stress was exhibited when retrofitted at an LTEδ level below 70-80% depending on the pavement thickness, subgrade support, and temperature gradient. Analytical results were verified using field data from four retrofitted dowel sites.
PERFORMANCE OF CONTINUOUSLY REINFORCED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS IN THE LTPP PROGRAM
Authors: Tayabji Shiraz D. , Wu Chung L. , Plei Mike
Published: January 2025

Since the 1960’s, thousands of miles of continuously reinforced concrete pavements (CRCP) have been built in the U.S. These pavements have typically provided 20 or more years of service life without requiring major rehabilitation. Design procedures of CRCP have evolved over time. The thickness design is typically based on the design procedures for jointed concrete pavements, with many agencies using slightly lower thickness than those determined for comparable jointed concrete pavements. The design for the continuous longitudinal steel is based on meeting the requirements of three criteria related to crack spacing, crack width and concrete strength. Over the last 10 years the performance of eighty-five CRCP sections throughout the US has been monitored as part of the GPS-5 experiment of the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program. The age of these sections range from about 5 to about 34 years and the thickness of the sections are primarily 203 to 254 mm. Most of the sections incorporate about 0.60% of steel. This paper provides the results of a study conducted to evaluate the performance of these sections. Key features of the sections are detailed and the performance trends, in terms of observed distresses, ride, and structural testing, are discussed. Finally, the results of the analysis of well performing CRCP sections are presented. Study results indicate that most of the CRCP sections of the GPS-5 experiment in the LTPP program are performing very well. These sections do not exhibit significant amount of distresses 7th International Conference on Concrete Pavements – Orlando, Florida, USA – September 9-13, 2001 even after more than 20 years of service. The ride quality of these sections does not appear to deteriorate with time/traffic loading. Sections constructed smooth remain smooth.
UTW: TEST SECTION AT VILVOORDE ON THE R22 IN BELGIUM
Authors: Caestecker Chris , Lonneux Tim , Haemels Freddy
Published: January 2025

UTW (Ultra Thin Whitetopping) is a very recent and innovative application to repair a degraded asphalt pavement. The repair technique tries to bond the two layers (overlay in concrete and lower lying asphalt pavement) to obtain a composite structure. The technique consists of milling off the rutted asphalt layer in a suitable thickness and covering it with a thin cement concrete layer (< 15 cm) that bonds perfectly with the underlying asphalt layer. UTW is characterised by a good bonding between concrete and asphalt and by the short distances between the joints (between 0.60 and 1.80 m). For the first time in Flanders, a test section was carried out near the intersection of the Woluwelaan with the Houtemsesteenweg at Vilvoorde. A survey of the existing pavement, the project, the successive construction phases as well as the most important points of particular interest are described in this article.