bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Muscidae (Diptera) of Vanuatu
Authors: COURI MARCIA S. , PONT ADRIAN C. , DAUGERON CHRISTOPHE
Published: December 2018

The Muscidae of Vanuatu are reviewed. All the genera and recorded species are diagnosed and an identification key is given. The work was carried out in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris, France), where material belonging to that museum and also a large collection from the Bishop Museum (Honolulu, USA) were studied. A total of 35 species, 4 of them endemic, were recognized, including two species newly described, Dichaetomyia univittata, sp. nov. and Parvisquama vanuatuensis, sp. nov. The following genera are recorded for the first time: Cephalispa Malloch, Coenosia Meigen, Helina Robineau-Desvoidy, Lispocephala Pokorny, Musca Linnaeus and Stomoxys Geoffroy. The following species are recorded for the first time: Atherigona punctata Karl, Cephalispa commoni (Paramonov), Coenosia pumilio Stein, Helina flavoextrema Couri, Pont & Daugeron, Limnophora longiantennata Couri, Pont & Daugeron (male described for the first time), Lispe nicobarensis Schiner, Lispocephala pectinata (Stein), Musca domestica Linnaeus, Musca ventrosa Wiedemann, Musca vetustissima Walker and Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus). A brief discussion on the composition of the fauna is also presented.
Northward Propagation, Initiation, and Termination of Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillations in a Zonally Symmetric Model
Authors: Yang Qiu , Khouider Boualem , Majda Andrew J. , De La Chevrotière Michèle
Published: December 2018

A simple multilayer zonally symmetric model, using a multicloud convective parameterization and coupled to a dynamical bulk atmospheric boundary layer, is used here to simulate boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations (BSISO) in the summer monsoon trough and elucidate the underlying main physical mechanisms responsible for their initiation, propagation, and termination. Northward-moving precipitating events initiated near the equator propagate northward at roughly 1° day−1 and terminate near 20°N. Unlike earlier findings, the northward propagation of precipitation anomalies in this model is due to the propagation of positive moisture anomalies in the northward direction, resulting from an asymmetry in the meridional velocity induced by the beta effect. From a moisture-budget perspective, advection constitutes a biased intrusion of dry air into the convection center, forcing new convection events to form north of the wave disturbance, while moisture convergence supplies the precipitation sink. The BSISO events are initiated near the equator when the competing effects between first-baroclinic divergence and second-baroclinic convergence, induced by the descending branch of the Hadley cell and in situ congestus heating, respectively, become favorable to convective intensification. The termination often near 20°N and halfway stalling of these precipitating events occur when the asymmetry in the first-baroclinic meridional winds weakens and when the negative moisture gradient to the north of the convection center becomes too strong as the anomaly exits the imposed warm pool domain.
Reconnaissance of 2016 Central Italy Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Stewart Jonathan P. , Zimmaro Paolo , Lanzo Giuseppe , Mazzoni Silvia , Ausilio Ernesto , Aversa Stefano , Bozzoni Francesca , Cairo Roberto , Capatti Maria Chiara , Castiglia Massimina , Chiabrando Filiberto , Chiaradonna Anna , d'Onofrio Anna , Dashti Shideh , De Risi Raffaele , de Silva Filomena , della Pasqua Fernando , Dezi Francesca , Di Domenica Alessandra , Di Sarno Luigi , Durante Maria Giovanna , Falcucci Emanuela , Foti Sebastiano , Franke Kevin W. , Galadini Fabrizio , Giallini Silvia , Gori Stefano , Kayen Robert E. , Kishida Tadahiro , Lingua Andrea , Lingwall Bret , Mucciacciaro Michele , Pagliaroli Alessandro , Passeri Federico , Pelekis Panagiotis , Pizzi Alberto , Reimschiissel Brandon , Santo Antonio , de Magistris Filippo Santucci , Scasserra Giuseppe , Sextos Anastasios , Sica Stefania , Silvestri Francesco , Simonelli Armando L. , Spanò Antonia , Tommasi Paolo , Tropeano Giuseppe
Published: December 2018

The Central Italy earthquake sequence nominally began on 24 August 2016 with a M6.1 event on a normal fault that produced devastating effects in the town of Amatrice and several nearby villages and hamlets. A major international response was undertaken to record the effects of this disaster, including surface faulting, ground motions, landslides, and damage patterns to structures. This work targeted the development of high-value case histories useful to future research. Subsequent events in October 2016 exacerbated the damage in previously affected areas and caused damage to new areas in the north, particularly the relatively large town of Norcia. Additional reconnaissance after a M6.5 event on 30 October 2016 documented and mapped several large landslide features and increased damage states for structures in villages and hamlets throughout the region. This paper provides an overview of the reconnaissance activities undertaken to document and map these and other effects, and highlights valuable lessons learned regarding faulting and ground motions, engineering effects, and emergency response to this disaster.
Studies on the Effect of Low Glycemic Index for Multi-Whole Grain Formulated Flour Samples in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: HOSSAIN BELLAL , INAM S. , MAMUN M. A. , SUZAUDDULA M.
Published: December 2018

Different types of corns are used as staple food in Bangladesh, core source of nutrients from food stuffs for metabolic energy. Ready to eat or processed food stuffs that contains totally different macro and micronutrients such as Tocopherol , Thiamine , Riboflavin , Pyroxene, Mg and Zn etc. within the recipes for sample preparation, were incorporated different whole grains of wheat, wheat bran, rye, maize, soya, barley, chickpeas and plantain husk in numerous ratios. Developed flours were subjected to nutritionally active diet for diabetic patients, the extent of glucose when consumption of diets could be an essential issue. Protein, fat, crude fiber and energy values of developed multi grains combined and market flours were MFS- 1: (11.00%, 3.77%, 2.69%, 387.25); MFS- 2:(14.16%, 3.71%,3.21%, 385.73); MFS-3:(12.40%, 3.33%, 2.87%,385.24);MFS- 4: (11.31%, 2.16%, 2.45%, 382.83) and market flour samples CS-A: (12.04%, 2.05%,1.64%,358.37) and CS-B:(14.90%,2.06%,1.46%,350.82) respectively. Amongst, MFS- 3 sample resulted the preferences in hedonic sensory evaluation. Glycemic index (GI) resolved mistreatment normal methodology for MFS-3 and normal sugar. The GI worth of MFS- 3 sample (46.86) showed lowest postprandial aldohexose like compared to plain. once the analysis of all four mixed recipes compared to market samples, it showed that MFS- 3sample possessed the simplest preferences because the different useful diet for type- 2 diabetic patients. Aims of the analysis works were recipe preparation of samples, product acceptances and determination of Glycemic Index (GI) for four mixed multi-wholegrain flours compared with 2 market multi-grain flours within the market.
Acceptance and Satisfaction on Thai Ethnic Foods using the Protein-Free Starchy Products
Authors: RUEANGSRI NARISA , BOORANASUKSAKUL URAIPORN , SINGHATO ALONGKOTE
Published: December 2018

High prevalence of chronic kidney disease has been reported in Thailand, and patients with this chronic disease need to restrict their dietary protein intakes because of their low glomerular filtration rate, including those from rice and starch. Unfortunately, there is a lack of protein-free starch available in Thai communities. Therefore, this study aimed to develop protein-free starchy products that were used as ingredients in Thai ethnic food menus. Five menus (Pad See Ew, Rad Na, Pad Thai, Kuay Jub, and Pad Kee Mao) incorporating the developed protein-free starchy products (with 3 formulae using the developed starchy products and 1 original formula per menu) were developed for conducting the sensory evaluation by 48 healthy participants. Results revealed all menus showed significant difference of satisfaction scores on food texture (p<0.05). In addition, Pad Se Ew, Pad Thai (formula 1), and Pad Kee Mao (all formulae) had the overall satisfaction scores at acceptable level. In conclusion, most of the Thai ethnic food menus made from the developed protein-free starchy products were acceptable to participants.
Effect of Domestic Processing and Crude Extract of α-Galactosidase on Oligosaccharide Content of Red Gram (Cajanus cajan L.) Seeds
Authors: TALARI ARUNA , SHAKAPPA DEVINDRA
Published: December 2018

The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the effect of cooking in 1% mango powder, soaking in mixture of 1% salts and crude extract of α-galactosidase treatment on the raffinose family sugar content of red gram. Cooking of red gram seeds in 1% mango powder for 60 min resulted in a mean reduction of raffinose stachyose and verbascose by 67.26, 63.74 and 51.53% respectively. Pressure cooking of red gram seeds in 1% mango powder for 15 min led to decrease of raffinose by 69.24%, stachyose 65.13% and verbascose 47.42%. Soaking in 1% salt mixture solution led to loss of raffinose by 70.20%, stachyose 67.08% and verbascose 53.43% respectively. The crude α-galactosidase treatment led to a mean hydrolysis of raffinose by 67.18%, stachyose 65.68% and verbascose 56.55%.The domestic processing methods reduced the anti-nutrients content and in turn, improved the nutritional quality of the legume seeds.
Effect of Lactic and Citric Acid Pretreatment on Quality Changes of Green Mussel (Perna Viridis) During Chilled Storage
Authors: ARCALES JULIE ANN ABOGANDA , NACIONAL LODA MONTEDERAMOS
Published: December 2018

Limited shelf life of green mussel restricts its accessibility to wider markets. The study assessed the potential of using organic acids (lactic and citric acids) in enhancing the quality and storage life of chilled mussel. Pretreatments included: 2% lactic acid (LA) and 2% citric acid (CA). Results from sensory analysis concluded that lactic acid (LA) pretreatment had 15 days of acceptability compared to the untreated sample. It had also lower the volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N), psychrophilic and lactic acid bacteria count of the sample during the storage. The weight loss of the citric acid pretreated sample was higher compared to the lactic acid pretreated mussel. Results from quality assessment indicated that pretreatment using lactic acid can be used to improve the storage life of chilled green mussel for 15 days compared 6 days of untreated samples.
Focus on healthy eating
Authors: Martland Rebecca
Published: December 2018

Last summer, the government announced a second stage to its national Obesity Plan. But as childminders, what can we do to improve children's attitudes to food and drink?
Mathematics: G for Gradients …
Authors: Hammond Paula , Lillie Stephen
Published: December 2018

This month, we continue our series based on the maths area of learning in the foundation stage, providing an A-Z of activities that will help children progress while having fun.
How to tackle work stress
Authors: Powell Morag
Published: December 2018

With the hectic pace and demands of modern life, many people feel stressed and over-worked – and nowhere is this more true than in the dental environment. Morag Powell reveals some coping strategies
Where will 2019 take you?
Authors: Booth Katie
Published: December 2018

Katie Booth offers an overview of extended duties and the opportunities available to further your career
Growing in confidence
Authors: Ward Yvonne
Published: December 2018

Yvonne Ward talks about pushing barriers and broadening horizons
Are you ready?
Authors: Bissett Julie , Keir Alexander
Published: December 2018

Julie Bissett and Alex Keir consider some key ingredients of every successful job interview
Why volunteer?
Authors: Nuzzo Justine
Published: December 2018

Last year, Justine Nuzzo celebrated 30 years as a dental nurse and volunteered with the charity, Dental Mavericks, thinking ‘what a great way to give back to a profession that has given me so much’…
Hidden messages
Authors: Dawson Trudie
Published: December 2018

Trudie Dawson discusses the art of active listening and the skill of reading body language
And breathe…
Authors: Davy Annie
Published: December 2018

Children's well-being can be greatly improved through practising mindfulness outdoors. Annie Davy explains how settings can go about this
5 ways to explore: sticks
Authors: Mountain Julie
Published: December 2018

Autumn's abundance of fallen sticks could be the start of a stick love affair in your setting! By Julie Mountain
Set to work?
Authors: Goddard Charlotte
Published: December 2018

Grouping by ability is growing in popularity despite evidence showing that it can have a range of negative impacts for children. Charlotte Goddard investigates
Eating out
Authors: Weinstein Nicole
Published: December 2018

Cooking and preparing food outdoors in all weathers can be challenging, as one Cornish nursery found out – but there are many benefits for children. Nicole Weinstein reports
Going on: public transport
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: December 2018

From planning the trip to documenting it, Annette Rawstrone explains how to make a journey on bus or train fun for everybody and educational for your child
All about … children in the community
Authors: Russell Meredith Jones
Published: December 2018

Amid criticism of the proposed Early Learning Goals, Meredith Jones Russell finds out how the European BRIC project put community at the heart of learning experiences
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Purification Process by Crystallisation in the Presence of Chelating Agents
Authors: Komendo Ilia , Amelina Anna , Zharova Anna
Published: December 2018

This article describes the investigation of the purification process of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4, KDP) from iron and chromium impurities by crystallisation in the presence of different chelating agents – chelators. The best conditions of purification process such as a chelator type and its amount, reaction time were determined by experiments. The most effective chelating agents were selected. The requirements for raw material for the purification process were defined.
Phytoremediation of Chromium from Electroplating Effluent Treatment Plant (Etp) Sludge Using Helianthusannuus L.
Authors: Suresh M. J. , Rajiv P.
Published: December 2018

Phytoremediation is one of the best methods in the treatment of sludge from industries because the pollutants present in the sludge are the food source for plants. So, the present study dealt with wedging the electro-plated sludge with red soil for 30 days and using it for the growth of Helianthus annuus L. The sludge and soil were blended in different concentrations C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6 (for the pre-treatment). Physicochemical parameters (pH, ammoniacal nitrogen, potassium and phosphate) and heavy metals (Ar, Cd, Pb, Hg, Ni and Cr) of raw sludge, soil and ETP-treated-sludge with soil were analysed. After inspecting the physicochemical parameters of raw sludge and treated sludge, the soil-treated-sludge was used for the growth of Helianthus annuus L. Phytoremediation by Helianthus annuus L. has made considerable changes in the physicochemical properties of the soil, specially denoting the reduction of chromium. Thus, the work concludes that the pre-treated sludge provides a pathway for the uptake of heavy metals through the process of phytoremediation.
Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate Levels in Broccoli and Cauliflower with Different Fertilization Treatment
Authors: Nerdy Nerdy , De Lux Putra Effendy
Published: December 2018

Both broccoli and cauliflower are plants that are widely cultivated and consumed. The vegetable also contains Nitrite and Nitrite, which have a negative impact on human health because of the carcinogenic effect. Levels of Nitrite and Nitrate in vegetable are dependent on several factors, one of them is fertilization. The objective of this research is to determine the levels of Nitrite and Nitrate in broccoli and cauliflower without fertilization and with fertilization (natural and chemical). Samples were planted broccoli and cauliflower with different fertilization treatment. Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate levels were done by the colorimetric method (visible spectrophotometric) by using N-(1-Naphthyl) Ethylenediamine Dihydrochloride and Sulfanilic Acid as the dyes and measured at the maximum absorbance wavelength (540 nm) and on the operating time between 11 minutes to 18 minutes. Nitrite and Nitrate levels in various fertilization treatments of broccoli and cauliflower were different significantly. Nitrite and Nitrate levels in broccoli and cauliflower without fertilization are lower than Nitrite and Nitrate levels in broccoli and cauliflower with fertilization. Nitrite and Nitrate levels in broccoli and cauliflower with natural fertilizer fertilization are lower than Nitrite and Nitrate levels in broccoli and cauliflower with chemical fertilizer fertilization.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Some 2–Aryl–3–[Substituted Pyridin–2–Yl]-Amino/Methylamino Thiazolidin-4-Ones
Authors: Begum Kahkashan
Published: December 2018

A series of compounds incorporating thiazolidinone moiety has been synthesized and screened for their antifungal activity. 2-Aryl-3-[substituted pyridin-2-yl]-amino/methylamino thiazolidin-4-ones have been synthesized by cyclocondensation of [substituted pyridin-2-yl]- araldehydehydrazone and N-Methyl [substituted pyridin-2-yl]-araldehydehydrazone with mercapto acetic acid in dioxane. The initial reactants required for the synthesis were obtained by refluxing 2-hydrazino substituted pyridine and 2-[N-methylhydrazino]-substituted pyridine with different substituted aldehydes. These newly synthesized compounds were then screened for their fungicidal activity against Rhizoctina solani and Fusarium oxysporum. Structures of all these compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, IR and mass spectrum analysis. Some compounds exhibited excellent fungicidal properties.
Acid Activated Palygorskite: An Efficient Solid Acid Catalyst for Acetylation Reactions - A Comparative Study
Authors: Balan A. P Dhanya , P Pushpaletha
Published: December 2018

Mild and efficient solid acid catalysts were prepared from natural palygorskite collected from Karnataka and Hyderabad and compared their catalytic activities using the acetylation reaction. Modification technique used for the preparation of the catalysts are acid-activation. During acid-activation exchangeable cations are replaced by H+ ions and a part of octahedral cations are dissolving and thus creating new acid sites in the crystal. The catalytic performances of these catalysts were investigated by using the acetylation reaction. Acetylation reaction was done by using different primary and secondary alcohol. Physicochemical properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, NH3-TPD measurements.
Oxidative Coupling: A Tranquil Approach for Determination of Selexipag by Visible Spectrophotometry
Authors: Gorumutchu Giri Prasad , Ratnakaram Venkata Nadh
Published: December 2018

The present study is a first report on development of a spectrophotometric method for determination of selexipag (used to cure pulmonary arterial hypertension) in bulk and tablet formulation and its validation. The basis of the proposed method is formation of a chromophore (of λ max 600 nm) in presence of acidic ferric chloride by oxidative coupling reaction between selexipag and MBTH (3-methylbenzo-thiazolin-2-one hydrazone) solution. Regression analysis (r > 0.999) shows that the plotted calibration curve exhibits good linearity in the studied range of concentration (5 – 30 μg mL-1). As per the existing guidelines of ICH, various parameters of the method were tested for validation. Low values of R.S.D. (< 2 %) were observed indicating that the proposed method is reproducible, accurate and precise.
Study on Aluminium Contamination in Mettur Soil and its Subsequent Uptake by Medicinal Plants
Authors: Palani Kalpana , Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy , Kalaivani R. A.
Published: December 2018

Nowadays, the use of medicinal plants for disease treatment has been limited due to widely prevailing toxicity of medicinal plants and their source soil. The major reason for the toxicity in plants might be due to their mineral and chemical content and also related with the toxic materials present in the source soil. The aim of this study was to assess the Aluminum contamination in Mettur, an industrial town of Tamil Nadu, India which has many Al industries. Total Al content in the soil of the region where medicinal plants were cultivated was found to be 16700 mg kg-1. Further, Al content in commonly used medicinal plants Centella asiatica, Bacopa monneri and Euphorbia hirta grown in Al polluted soil was studied. The Al concentration of the medicinal plants ranged from 449 to 801 mg kg-1. All the three plants were found to accumulate level of Al which is above the maximum permissible limits prescribed by World Health Organization and thus, it may cause Al toxicity among the consumers of herbal medicines. From the results of the present study, it is inferred that the medicinal plants used for the human consumption or disease management should be collected from clean environment and processed carefully.
Murderbot pronouns: A snapshot of changing gender conventions in the United States
Authors: Swyers Holly , Thomas Emily
Published: December 2018

The ways in which US English speakers use third person personal pronouns for agentive beings require gendering the person based on the gender binary (he or she). In recent years, activism by transgender and non-binary individuals has accelerated a shift in this requirement, building on scholarly debate in the 1970s–90s that unseated he as a gender-neutral (epicene) pronoun. This has laid the groundwork for the gradual acceptance of singular they and the idea of preferred pronouns. In 2017, reviewers of the popular novella All Systems Red (Wells) addressed the dilemma of choosing an epicene pronoun for a genderless, cyborg protagonist called Murderbot. Of 667 reviews collected in December 2017 that describe Murderbot, almost 85 per cent attempt to respect Murderbot’s pronouns (it, its) despite discomfort with using it for agentive beings. This suggests an increase in US public culture awareness that the gender binary does not include everyone and may warrant optimism for improved conditions for gender non-conforming individuals.
Abjection of the bisexual self: How haptic visuality brings internalized biphobia to screen in Collard’s Les Nuits fauves and Kechiche’s La Vie d’Adèle
Authors: Childress Kirby
Published: December 2018

Bisexual people often find themselves stranded between a homosexual and heterosexual world, which can lead to feeling invisible and alone. To add to the struggle, many on both sides criticize bisexuality as being merely a phase before coming fully out of the closet. A lack of support can cause bisexual people to internalize the negativity and biphobia that surrounds them. This article examines how internalized biphobia is depicted in the lives of two characters, who never self-identify as bisexual, though they engage in both heterosexual and same-sex sexual relations. Laura Marks’ idea of haptic visuality is used to dissect camera movements and shots, while Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection serves as a basis for analysing the differences in portrayal of heterosexual and same-sex relationships.
Queer assemblage as queer futurity: Seeking a utopian solution beyond No Future
Authors: Gogul Keeley B.
Published: December 2018

Lee Edelman’s No Future proposes a disavowal of reproductive futurity as the only effective form of queer resistance. By contrast, in Cruising Utopia Jose Muñoz (2009) insists on the existence of a utopic queer future that is always, by default, not yet here. Although both authors recognize the Child as symbolic of heteronormative futurity, Muñoz’s writings allow room for hope and Edelman’s do not. Importantly, the version of reproductive futurity that each posits as operating at the structural level is always already normative reproductive futurity. This article will analyse the existing structural causes of normativity at the level of reproductive futurity and consider whether theorizing non-normative reproductive futurity in the form of assemblages makes space for the queer future that Edelman claims cannot exist. A comparison of Judith Butler’s Antigone and Octavia Butler’s Lilith will illustrate the possibilities that exist when queer assemblages are deployed in the creation of what Jasbir Puar calls ‘spatial, temporal and corporeal convergences, implosions and rearrangements’.
Queer gender performance and media in school: Dissident reading, bullying and the word ‘gay’
Authors: Pullen Christopher
Published: December 2018

This article explores the potential of youth to learn about gender performance and sexual identity in school, framing the vulnerability of LGBTQ youth and issues of bullying. Exploring the significance of ‘dissident reading’ as the ability of a student to independently read or interpret media representations that may involve an analysis of stereotyping and irony, this article foregrounds research from five schools in the United Kingdom involving responses from 82 school children. Offering both a theoretical examination of dissident reading as a process to challenge hierarchies of gender performance and sexual identity, and an analysis of the discourse of school children themselves, a mixed-methods approach is involved in this research, framing limitations in school environments in the education of sexual diversity. This article argues that individual teachers have not only historically embarked on personal strategies of education outside the curriculum on the needs of LGBTQ youth but also that with the contemporary rise of populism, there is an increasing need for this.
The Judicial Character of Late Liberal Prudence: Paul v. Davis
Authors: Barouch Timothy
Published: December 2018

A significant ideological shift has occurred in jurisprudential understanding of the social contract. Reading a landmark opinion from Justice Rehnquist—Paul v. Davis (1976)—as a pivot point for this shift, I identify a specific form of parsimonious judgment that has shaped the contemporary relationship between the individual and the state. Three markers of this form of judgment emerge from the opinion: (1) a claim about risks to state bureaucracy as a significant constitutional interest; (2) a slippery slope argument about institutional competence to discipline linguistic ambiguity; and (3) an interpretive practice that resolves this anxiety by binding precedent around a clear principle. This form of judgment has both ideological and normative significance. The opinion justifies a world of risk management that elevates economic liberty claims to exalted status. It disavows traditional markers of classical prudence, such as reverence for tradition, inflection of personal style as moral character, and orientation toward practical aspects of particular cases. Justifying its authority by performing its own rationale, Rehnquist’s opinion is significant for understanding how strategic invention can alter a democratic culture’s understanding of judgment, including its ethical dimensions.
Driving the Three-Horse Team of Government: Kairos in FDR’s Judiciary Fireside Chat
Authors: Bisbee Donovan
Published: December 2018

In 1937, Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal hung on the whims of a deeply divided Supreme Court. His ninth fireside chat argued for legislation that would grant FDR enough new justices to shift the Court in favor of the New Deal. Facing entrenched opposition to his unpopular plan, Roosevelt presented the president as a constitutional authority who must act in response to the crisis of the Great Depression to drive the three-horse team of government toward recovery. Throughout the text, Roosevelt worked to create a sense of urgency and asked the nation to see this moment as the time for decisive action. This study examines the flow of kairos in the speech, tracing timeliness in Roosevelt’s argument for swift action targeting the Court to safeguard economic recovery. Although Roosevelt did not expand the Court, his language lives on as a model for subsequent executives and part of our public constitutional discourse.
The Essence and Content of Cybercrime in Modern Times
Authors: CONSTANTINESCU Mădălina
Published: December 2018

This article discusses the main characteristics of cybercrime as a new criminal threat to modern society. The authors attempted to explain the appearance of a new type of crime in the period of development and implementation of high technologies in all spheres of life of the world community. Using the dialectical method of cognition, as well as formal logical methods, steps in order to develop the conceptual apparatus of the investigated phenomenon of cybercrime were taken. Such terms as ‘cyberspace’ and ‘cybersecurity’ acquired the authors' explanations. According to the authors, criminality in cyberspace has been one of the most difficult problems of the international community in recent years due to the development of information and communication technologies. The article analyzes the phenomenological aspects of criminality in global information networks, discusses the definition of ‘cybercrime’, and considers the current trends in its development. Revealing the essence of the investigated type of crime, the authors analyzed the content and marked the differences of cybercrime from Internet crime, computer crime, crime in the information sphere, etc. The authors analyzed the modern normative, scientific and expert approaches to the study of the structure and state of cybercrime in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The results of the study and the conclusions of this article can be used as a theoretical contribution to the enrichment and expansion of scientific vision of cybercrime at the formation of approaches and the system of existing views, forming the concept of criminological security, and can also serve to further development of scientific ideas in the sphere of criminal law and criminological provision of prevention of cybercrime.
Current Problems of Concluding an Agreement on the Alimony Payment for Minors in Russia
Authors: ARTEMYEVA Yulia , IVANOVSKAYA Natalya , KONCHEVA Valentina , SITKAREVA Elena
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the manuscript is to analyze the trends and peculiarities of contractual regulation of alimony obligations concerning minors in Russia. The authors use a set of philosophical, general and special scientific methods of cognition of theoretical and empirical materials. In the course of the research, a dialectical-materialistic method was used to study the norms of family and civil law in their interrelations, interdependence, contradictions, taking into account all-roundness and objectivity in the study. In order to conduct a comprehensive study of problematic issues, general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, systemic) and private-science (comparative-legal, formal-legal, technical-legal, social modeling of the research) methods of cognition are used in the manuscript. The proposed comparative legal study allows for determining the main directions for the following: comprehensive improvement of the legal norms for the protection of the interests of the child in the process of divorcing parents, establishing the subject composition of agreements on the payment of alimony, determining the criteria for taking into account the various factors of participation in the life of the child when calculating the amount of content, developing a system of extra-judicial resolution of material welfare issues of the child during divorce, to optimize judicial practice, create a comfortable atmosphere for the development and upbringing of children.
Holding Peaceful Assemblies in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Rights of Citizens and Administrative Liability
Authors: AVENOV Timur K.
Published: December 2018

The article considers the matters of constitutional and administrative-legal regulation of the right to peaceful assembly in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RoK) and a number of foreign countries. Since there is a lot of publications dedicated to the study of compliance of this legislation to international standards, the analysis has been conducted by the following criteria: the general characteristic of the right to freedom of assembly from the viewpoint of international and constitutional law standards, the principles of organization and holding of public assemblies, the procedure of organization of a public assembly and its holding, and the liability for breaching this procedure. The author shows that the current incoherence of legal norms in this area prevents from developing a unified legal model for administrative liability for breaching public order and safety when holding mass events. Based on the study of normative and research materials in administrative and constitutional law, legal principles and approaches to freedom of assembly in international law and the law of a number of foreign countries, the author proposes options to improve the conceptual framework of legislation concerning assembly and mass events, to formulate proposals that will allow efficiently and legally applying administrative liability for breaching the RoK law concerning the procedure of organization and holding of peaceful assemblies, rallies, marches, pickets and demonstrations. Primary provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific and practical activity when considering issues of holding liable for offences infringing constitutional rights of citizens and the established procedure for organizing and holding peaceful assemblies, rallies, marches, pickets and demonstrations, and to reform the norms of legislation on administrative offences.
The role of brain natriuretic peptides as a marker for diagnosing cardiac syncope: A narrative review
Authors: Disfani Hamideh Feiz , Kamandi Mostafa , Rahmani Kazem
Published: December 2018

Cardiac disease is the second common cause of syncope in emergency departments. Patients with Cardiac syncope have a higher risk of mortality than those who have a non-cardiac problem. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as a cardiac marker has not thoroughly been evaluated in patients with syncope. This article focuses on the studies that have assessed BNP and NT-pro-BNP in cardiac and non-cardiac syncope patients in emergency departments.
Experiences with fecal microbiota transplantation in Clostridium difficile infections via upper gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Vigvári Szabolcs , Vincze Áron , Solt Jenő , Sipos Dávid , Feiszt Zsófia , Kovács Beáta , Kappéter Ágnes , Péterfi Zoltán
Published: December 2018

Dramatic changes in the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infections have been reported from the western world in the past decade. The proportion of severe cases is significantly elevating and clinicians now have to contend with the problem of additional and more frequent episodes of recurrences including an upward trend in the mortality rate. This situation led us to investigate the possibility of the fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). An amount of 100 ml of fecal microbiota solution was instilled into a nasojejunal (NJ) tube in 16 cases and into a nasogastric (NG) tube in 44 cases. In all of the cases, where the solution was instilled via nasojejunal tubes, the symptoms resolved within 24 h. We did not note any recurrences in this group. When the material was flushed in through nasogastric tubes, the symptoms resolved in 39 (88.64%) cases within 24 h. In this group, we have experienced a recurrent episode of C. difficile infection in five (11.36%) cases. Three of them were cured with a second transplantation. We have found that in our practice the upper gastrointestinal tract methods had the primary cure rate of 91.67%, whereas the secondary cure rate is 96.67%. When we compared the NJ and NG methods, we have found that the differences in the outcomes are not significant statistically (p = 0.3113 using Fisher’s exact probability test). In conclusion, FMT proved to be very effective, particularly in recurrent infections and in cases where conventional treatment had failed.
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is still high among symptomatic Bulgarian children
Authors: Boyanova Lyudmila , Hadzhiyski Petyo , Markovska Rumyana , Yaneva Penka , Yordanov Daniel , Gergova Galina , Mitov Ivan
Published: December 2018

Helicobacter pylori positivity was assessed among 656 symptomatic children in 2010–2017. Overall infection prevalence was 24.5% and a significantly higher rate was detected in girls (28.5%) compared to boys (20.0%). Moreover, in children with duodenal ulcer, H. pylori prevalence was higher (47.4%) compared with the rest (23.9%). On the contrary, the infection was detected 1.9-fold less frequently in patients with GERD (14.5%) compared with the other (27.0%) patients and 2.1-fold less often in the presence of duodenogastric reflux (bile) reflux (13.0%) compared with the absence of the reflux (27.0%). No significant difference was observed between the younger (aged ≤7 years, 20.0%) and the older (aged 8–18 years, 25.5%) patients. H. pylori infection rate in Bulgarian pediatric patients between 2010 and 2017 was 2.5-fold lower than that in 1996–2006. In conclusion, H. pylori infection is still an important concern for Bulgarian children, although having decreased by about 1.8%/yearly over 21 years. This study reveals the importance of H. pylori diagnostics even in the youngest symptomatic children and demonstrates an inverse association between either GERD or bile reflux and H. pylori infection.
Szemmozgásos traumafeldolgozás (EMDR-terápia): Hatás, hatásmechanizmus, hatásosság
Authors: Szigeti F. Judit
Published: December 2018

Elméleti háttér

Az EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) mint pszichoterápiás módszer harminc éve létezik. A Francine Shapiro által az 1980-as évek második felében az Egyesült Államokban kidolgozott eljárás kezdetben sok vitát kavart, de ma már bizonyítékokon alapuló módszernek számít a poszttraumás stressz zavar (PTSD) kezelésében. Használata számos más mentális betegség (pl. pánikzavar, depresszió, kényszerbetegség) gyógyításában is egyre gyakoribb. Magyarországon a módszer még kevéssé terjedt el.

Cél

Bemutatni az EMDR-terápia történetét, elméleti hátterét, a hatásmechanizmusára vonatkozó hipotéziseket, a kezelés struktúráját és hatásait.

Módszerek

Szakirodalmi áttekintés az angol nyelvű adatbázisok (ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO) alapján, az eljárás nevével történt szisztematikus kulcsszókereséssel. Az áttekintés lehetőség szerint összefoglaló vagy magas evidenciaszintű (randomizált kontrollált) vizsgálatokra alapoz.

Eredmények

EMDR során deszenzitizáció, a traumás emlékekhez való jobb hozzáférés és mélyebb információfeldolgozás történik, ami nemcsak stresszcsökkentést, hanem adaptívabb, magasabb szintű működést eredményez. Képalkotó eljárásokkal kimutatható, hogy az EMDR specifikus hatótényezője, a bilaterális ingerlés, egyebek közt paraszimpatikus túlsúlyt eredményez, és kedvező változásokat idéz elő a PTSD által érintett agyi struktúrák működésében. Az EMDR hatásmechanizmusáról számos hipotézis született (pl. dekondicionálás-, munkamemória-, REM-hipotézis), mindazonáltal, az eljárásban valószínűleg több aktív komponens van jelen. Sikeres EMDR-terápia hatására a személy napirendre tér az életútját megakasztó események felett, és egységes narratívába emeli őket, amely hozzájárulhat személyisége integrációjához.

Következtetések

Az EMDR nemcsak ismert és eredeti terápiás elemek újszerű kombinációja, nem is a már meglévő traumakezelési eljárások technikai kiegészítése, hanem bizonyítottan hatékony, teljes értékű, integratív, mégis önálló pszichoterápiás módszer, saját elméleti modellel, hatásmechanizmussal és eszköztárral.
Interocepció. Narratív összefoglaló
Authors: Ferentzi Eszter , Tihanyi Benedek T. , Szemerszky Renáta , Dömötör Zsuzsanna , Bárdos György , Köteles Ferenc
Published: December 2018

Narratív összefoglalónkban megkíséreljük felvázolni az interocepcióval kapcsolatos kutatások jelenlegi helyzetét. A definíciós nehézségek, modalitások és dimenziók áttekintése után sorra vesszük a méréssel kapcsolatos elméleti és gyakorlati problémákat, majd részletesebben is bemutatjuk az interocepció idegrendszeri hátterét. Az alapok áttekintése után a szívdobogás-percepciós kutatást alapul véve három fő témakörre fókuszálunk: 1) az interocepció és az érzelmek kapcsolatára, 2) az interocepció szerepére a self felépülésében és fennmaradásában, valamint 3) az interocepció stabilitására/változtathatóságára. Végül megkíséreljük integrálni az interocepció káros és hasznos vonatkozásait hangsúlyozó elméleteket, majd megemlítünk néhány olyan átfogó modellt, amelyek valószínűleg meg fogják határozni az interocepció kutatásának következő éveit.
POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS OF MUD CRAB (Scylla serrata) IN THE WATERS OF KENDARI BAY AND SURROUNDING AREAS
Authors: Suman Ali , Hasanah Ap'idatul , Amri Khairul , Pane Andina Ramadhani Putri , Lestari Pratiwi
Published: December 2018

The high market demand for mud crabs (Scylla serrata) has caused intensive fishing for this resources and tended to threaten their sustainability. Studies of population characteristics are the main bases for formulating management measures for sustainable utilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the population characteristics of mud crabs in the waters of Kendari Bay and its surrounding waters. The study was conducted from January to November 2016 using survey method. The study results revealed that the mud crab growth pattern in Kendari Bay was negative allometric and that the ratio of males and females was imbalance. The length at first maturity (Lm) was at a carapace width of 109.8 mm. The growth rate (K) was 1.01 per year and the maximum carapace width (L) was 206 mm. The estimated total mortality rate (Z), fishing mortality rate (F), and natural mortality rate (M) were 3.20 per year, 2.17 per year, and 1.03 per year, respectively. The exploitation rate (E) was 0.68 per year. Therefore, the exploitation rate had reached 136%, which is categorized as overfishing. In order to ensure the sustainability of the mud crabs, there is needed to apply the precautionary approach, such as reducing fishing effort by 36% of the current situation.
GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF LONGTAIL TUNA Thunnus tonggol (BLEEKER, 1851) BASED ON PARTIAL SEQUENCE OF 16S rRNA MITOCHONDRIAL GENE
Authors: Zamroni Achmad , Suwarso Suwarso , Wibowo Arif
Published: December 2018

Although the Longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) is an important fish in Indonesia, the population structure has not been investigated. In this study, the genetic differences in geographic scale are analyzed to provide a clear picture of the structure of T. tonggol populations along a transect stretching from Pemangkat (western Kalimantan) to Pekalongan in the Java Sea. We also analyzed SNPs in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene of T. tonggol as potential molecular marker for the identification of the origin within species. In total, three polymorphic sites (all represent singleton dimensions) were identified in the sequence analysis of the 570-bp fragment among a total of 97 T. tonggol individuals from Pekalongan and Pemangkat. Based on these polymorphic sites, four haplotypes were identified. The Pemangkat samples had higher amount of haplotype and nucleotide diversity (h = 0.1556 ± 0.0680 and  = 0.000277 ± 0.000432), meanwhile samples Pekalongan showed lower levels of diversity (h = 0.0400 ± 0.0380 and  = 0.000070 ± 0.000209). The study revealed a single, intermixing population of T. tonggol across the sampled location. No significant structuring was observed between other pairwise comparisons, indicating gene flow between geographically adjacent locations.
SOME POPULATION PARAMETERS AND EXPLOITATION STATUS OF FOURFINGER THREADFIN (Eleutheronema tetradactylum Shaw, 1804) IN TARAKAN WATERS, NORTH KALIMANTAN
Authors: Tirtadanu Tirtadanu , Chodrijah Umi
Published: December 2018

Information on exploitation status of fourfinger threadfin (Eleutheronema tetradactylum Shaw, 1804) is important for sustainable gillnet fisheries management in Tarakan, North Kalimantan  waters. In an attempt of providing scientific data and information on the exploitation status of this species, a research work was conducted from January to November 2016 in Selumit landing place. Fish sampling was done by trained enumerator on bottom gillnet catches landed through semi-regular observation. A total of 1964 specimens were collected and measured. The results showed that the size ranged between 16-70 cmFL with an average of 37.72 ± 0.36 cmFL. The length at first captured (Lc) of about 38.5 cmFL, was smaller than the length at first mature of female (Lm) of 39.6 cmFL. The growth pattern was negative allometry. By applying von Bertalanffy growth model, it was found that growth model for this species was L(t)=75,8(1-e0,3(t+0,035)). Exploitation rate (E) was 0,47. It showed that the exploitation status of fourfinger threadfin in Tarakan Waters was still sustainable.
Benzocaine-Induced Methemoglobinemia. A Clinical Case
Authors: Tepaev Rustem F. , Vishnevskiy Vladimir A. , Kuzin Sergey A. , Sergey Iuliia V. , Gordeeva Olga B. , Pytal Anna V. , Murashkin Nikolay N.
Published: December 2018

The article describes a clinical case of the development of a severe, life-threatening methemoglobinemia in a patient with a dystrophic form of congenital epidermolysis bullosa while receiving a drug containing benzocaine. The current data on classification, pathogenesis, clinical course and methods for treating this state has been presented. Many substances and drugs that are methemoglobin formers are widespread and can cause chronic methemoglobinemia. Acute severe methemoglobinemia is accompanied by life-threatening organ disorders. In some cases, it may be difficult to diagnose methemoglobinemia due to the polymorphism of the clinical picture, the need for laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis, which may be underperformed in the absence of adequate alertness. The presented clinical case will be useful for doctors of various specialties.
Mano-Impedancemetric Diagnosis of Esophageal Function in Children With Dyspepsia
Authors: Stepanyan Marina Ju. , Komarova Elena V. , Lohmatov Maksim M.
Published: December 2018

Background. Introduction of new methods of diagnosing functional disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract into children’s practice will reveal the true cause of changes in esophageal motility in its various pathologies, which will significantly change the treatment tactics, since the selection of therapy will be based on the pathogenetic mechanisms of disease development.

Our aim was to highlight the capabilities and benefits of high-resolution mano-impedancemetry in comparison with esophagogastroduodenoscopy, which has been studied and used in pediatric practice for a long time, and to prove that only due to a new method for diagnosing esophageal motility disorders, it is possible to determine the cause of dyspeptic complaints in children.

Patients and Methods. The results of our own examination of children aged from 7 to 17 years 11 months (n = 23) with clinical manifestations of functional disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract have been presented.

Results. According to the mano-impedancemetry data, it has been found that the time of the substrate in the esophagus (p<0.02) and the speed of its passage through the esophagus depend on the pressure in the distal esophagus: the lower the pressure in the distal esophagus, the lower the fluid flow rate and the higher the degree of its reflux (р<0.001). Decreased speed indicates hypotonia of the lower esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter, which provides only a correction by physiotherapeutic treatment methods since surgical intervention in such conditions is ineffective.

Conclusion. The method of mano-impedancemetry allows to determine the indications for surgical treatment and to predict the efficacy of the conducted anti-reflux surgical correction.