bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sweet tweets! Evaluating a new approach for probability-based sampling of Twitter
Authors: Buskirk Trent D. , Blakely Brian P. , Eck Adam , McGrath Richard , Singh Ravinder , Yu Youzhi
Published: February 2022

As survey costs continue to rise and response rates decline, researchers are seeking more cost-effective ways to collect, analyze and process social and public opinion data. These issues have created an opportunity and interest in expanding the fit-for-purpose paradigm to include alternate sources such as passively collected sensor data and social media data. However, methods for accessing, sourcing and sampling social media data are just now being developed. In fact, there has been a small but growing body of literature focusing on comparing different Twitter data access methods through either the elaborate firehose or the free Twitter search or streaming APIs. Missing from the literature is a good understanding of how to randomly sample Tweets to produce datasets that are representative of the daily discourse, especially within geographical regions of interest, without requiring a census of all Tweets. This understanding is necessary for producing quality estimates of public opinion from social media sources such as Twitter. To address this gap, we propose and test the Velocity-Based Estimation for Sampling Tweets (VBEST) algorithm for selecting a probability based sample of tweets. We compare the performance of VBEST sample estimates to other methods of accessing Twitter through the Search API on the distribution of total Tweets as well as COVID-19 keyword incidence and frequency and find that the VBEST samples produce consistent and relatively low levels of overall bias compared to common methods of access through the Search API across many experimental conditions.
Thermally radiative flow of Williamson nanofluid containing microorganisms with applications of heat source and activation energy
Authors: Khan Sami Ullah , Alam Mohammad Mahtab , Ghachem Kaouther , Kolsi Lioua , Asiri Saeed Ahmed , Gorji M. R. , Chammam Wathek
Published: February 2022

This theoretical thermal continuation deals with the radiative flow of Williamson nanofluid subject to the inclusion of microorganisms. The further modification in the bio-convective model is done by incorporating the heat source/sink and activation energy phenomenon. The motivation for the choice of Williamson nanofluid is referred to multidisciplinary rheological impact which may enhance the heating phenomenon upon inclusion of nanoparticles. A bidirectional moving surface is the source of inducing flow patterns. The governing expressions which result via thermal model are numerically simulated with a shooting scheme. The impact of flow parameters is identified for velocity change, heat transfer rate, concentration, and microorganism profile. Moreover, the numerical results in terms of different tables are framed out for observing the fluctuated pattern of heat transfer, concentration impact, and microorganism change. The outcomes simulated from the model reflect that a lower velocity rate is results for the velocity ratio parameter. The external heat source attributed the enhancement of heat transfer. Moreover, the concentration profile improves with activation energy and convection constant.
Laminar steady and unsteady flow around a convex-shape grooved cylinders
Authors: Becheffar Youcef , Chaib Khaled , Chemloul Nordeddine Sad , Abdi Mohamed
Published: February 2022

This paper provides the impact of roughness on the hydrodynamic behavior of the fluid over a convex-shape grooved cylinder by examining the shape and amplitude of the groove influence on the average flow rate. Direct numerical investigations of two-dimensional flow around a convex-shape grooved cylinder are performed at Reynolds number up to 100. A Reynolds number up to 40 corresponds to laminar flow in a stable state presenting the creeping and symmetry regimes and Re of 100 corresponds to laminar unstable flow presenting pure Karman vortex street flow regime. The number of grooves is set at 10, 20 and 30, uniformly spread around the periphery of the cylinder, with three different wave amplitudes of 1/50, 1/25 and 1/12.5, for each geometry. The numerical algorithm applied in this investigation is based on the finite volume method. The obtained results are compared with the smooth cylinder at the same Reynolds number, that latter shows excellent agreement with the available data in the literature. The forces acting on the cylinder are seen to be reduced by the presence of the grooves; this reduction is more significant with increasing groove amplitude, especially at a high Reynolds number. At Reynolds number equal 100, when the groove number and wave amplitude are set to 10, 1/12.5, respectively, the drag coefficient is lowered by about 10%, while the lift coefficient is reduced by around 25%.
Mid-infrared angle-resolved spectral characteristics of photonic crystal slabs for application in surface-emitting quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Chalimah Siti , Yao Yuanzhao , Ikeda Naoki , Begum Afshan , Kaneko Kei , Hashimoto Rei , Kakuno Tsutomu , Saito Shinji , Kuroda Takashi , Sugimoto Yoshimasa , Sakoda Kazuaki
Published: February 2022

We study the angle-dependent reflection spectra of two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) slabs, which we use for developing mid-infrared surface-emitting lasers. The PC design produces a perfect resonance between material gain frequencies and the [Formula: see text]-point band edge in the first Brillouin zone. Hence, we expect laser emission to occur in a direction normal to the slab surface. We fabricate PC slabs, which consist of a square lattice of nanopillars with different lateral cross-sections, i.e., circles, triangles, and pentagons, and discuss their impact on the mode characteristics. We consider that our angle-resolved spectroscopic technique will be useful for characterizing mid-infrared PC slabs to be used in vertical surface-emitting quantum cascade lasers.
Nonlinear Resonance of Functionally Graded Porous Circular Cylindrical Shells Reinforced by Graphene Platelet with Initial Imperfections Using Higher-Order Shear Deformation Theory
Authors: Salehi M. , Gholami R. , Ansari R.
Published: February 2022

This paper uses the higher-order shear deformation theory (HOSDT) to analyze the nonlinear resonance of functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced porous (FG-GPL-RP) circular cylindrical shell with geometrical imperfections subjected to the harmonic transverse loading. The shell considered is surrounded by the elastic Winkler–Pasternak foundation. Based on Hamilton’s principle, the nonlinear governing equations of motion of the imperfect system considered are established using the first-order and various higher-order shear deformation shell theories that contain a unified higher-order displacement field. Four types of porosity and graphene nanoplatelet distribution patterns are considered. The modified Halpin-Tsai scheme and rule of mixture are utilized to calculate the effective properties of FG-GPL-RP materials. Explicit expressions of the nonlinear primary resonance of imperfect FG-GPL-RP cylindrical shells for simply-supported boundary conditions are achieved by the Galerkin technique and method of multiple scales. After verifying the accuracy of the model used and the results obtained, the influences of the geometric parameters, material properties and distribution and imperfection value on the nonlinear primary resonant response of the imperfect FG-GPL-RP circular cylindrical shells are examined in detail.
Influence of Initial Guy Tension and Antenna Masses in the Sensor Layout for Dynamic Characterization of Guyed Masts
Authors: Elena Bruno Clavelo , Rodríguez Patricia Martín , Parnás Vivian Elena
Published: February 2022

Sensitivity analysis plays an important part in the validation of a sensor layout for the identification of the dynamic response of a system. Although sensitivity analysis has been implemented for this purpose in several civil engineering structures, there are still uncertainties in the case of more complex, nonlinear systems, such as guyed masts, where small changes in mass or stiffness can result in large variations of the general dynamic behavior. This paper describes the influence of antenna masses and initial guy tension variation in the total number and position of sensors required to assess the dynamic response of tall guyed mast telecommunication towers. For the study, the computational models of four different guyed masts were generated and a sensor layout was obtained for each model using a sensitivity analysis. Then, the proposed sensor layouts were verified for different initial guy tensions and total antenna mass of the system, by means of the Modal Assurance Criterion. The principal finding is that initial guy tension presents the highest influence on the variation of correspondence values between mode shapes, with modifications of these values in up to [Formula: see text]. This finding suggests that a preliminary sensor layout based on information provided by a computational model or structural drawings of a guyed mast may be rendered inefficient if there is variation in guy tension due to construction errors or relaxation of cables.
Practice Model of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization
Authors: YANG Kaizhong
Published: February 2022

Ecological development is essentially the process of building a resource-efficient, environment-friendly and ecologically-safe society, and of achieving modernization that features harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization offers answers to such theoretical and practical questions as why to build an ecological civilization, what the goal is and how to achieve it. Its practice model focuses on explaining the norms, content, paths and methods of building an ecological civilization. It is a structural and operable approach for implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization and guiding the construction of ecological civilization. As an intermediate link between Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization and eco-civilization construction, the practice model is not only an indispensable part of the former, but also the key to combine the theory and practice concerning the two.
Analysis with Applications of the Generalized Type-II Progressive Hybrid Censoring Sample from Burr Type-XII Model
Authors: Nagy M. , Bakr M. E. , Alrasheedi Adel Fahad
Published: February 2022

In this article, based on the generalized Type-II progressive hybrid censoring sample from the Burr Type-XII distribution, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference are discussed. Point and interval estimates of unknown parameters, reliability, and hazard functions are developed. We employed several loss functions, such as squared error, LINEX, and general entropy, as symmetric and asymmetric loss functions and various prior distributions as informative and non-informative priors for Bayesian inference of unknown parameters. Under a generalized Type-II progressive hybrid censoring sample, we also propose a Bayesian one-sample prediction for unobserved failures. We conduct simulation study using the MCMC algorithm for the Bayesian approach based on several prior distributions. Finally, we apply the results of the theoretical research to real data.
The Expression and Clinical Significance of PCNAP1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Chen Yanhong , Zhang Jiao , Liu Jia , Wang Jianguo , Shi Chao , Lu Lu , Cheng Xing , Niu Guoping , Zhang Shuangshuang
Published: February 2022

Background. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in many cancer progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression level and clinical significance of the lncRNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen pseudogene 1 (PCNAP1), in cancer tissue and the plasma of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of PCNAP1 in HCC tissue, adjacent tissue, and plasma. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was performed to assess relationships among cancer tissue, plasma PCNAP1, and plasma AFP. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to assess survival of HCC patient with high and low expression of PCNAP1. The survival difference was compared by the log-rank test. The use of plasma levels PCNAP1 for diagnosing HCC was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results. The expression of PCNAP1 in HCC tissue was significantly higher than in adjacent tissue (

P
<
0.01

). The PCNAP1 levels were related to the TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and tumor maximum diameter (

P
<
0.05

) but were not related to gender and age (

P
=
0.459

and 0.656). Patients with greater levels of PCNAP1 had poorer survival than patients with lower levels of expression (

P
<
0.01

). Compared to the healthy control group, a gastric cancer group, and a colorectal cancer group, HCC patient plasma levels of PCNAP1 were significantly greater (

P
<
0.01

). The area under the curve (AUC) of plasma PCNAP1 in HCC patients was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78-0.88). With a cut-off value of plasma PCNAP1 at 1.27, an HCC diagnostic sensitivity of 70.08%, and a specificity of 85.04%, was the maximum diagnostic efficiency achieved. Conclusion. This study demonstrates PCNAP1 levels to be increased in HCC patients. As such, PCNAP1 may be a new tool useful in disease diagnosis and prognosis.
Exosomal hsa_circ_0008925 from Urine Is Related to Chronic Renal Fibrosis
Authors: Cao Yuhan , Shi Yuanhui , Wang Yuwei , Yang Yanlang , Guo Wenjun , Zhang Cuifeng , Pei Wenjun , Fu Cong
Published: February 2022

At present, there is no noninvasive biomarker of renal fibrosis. The potential diagnostic value of urinary exosome-derived circRNAs from glomerular disease patients for renal fibrosis is still uncertain. Here, we first detected the expression of hsa_circ_0008925 in TGF-β1-cultured HK-2 cell-derived exosomes. Secondly, we collected urine samples from 95 biopsy-proven glomerular disease patients and 34 healthy controls. The expression of hsa_circ_0008925 was analyzed, and the correlation with renal function and pathological changes was calculated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the diagnosis of renal fibrosis was performed. The results showed that in exosomes derived from TGF-β1-cultured HK-2 cells, the expression of hsa_circ_0008925 was increased compared with normal cultured. Further, the expression level of hsa_circ_0008925 was increased in urinary exosomes from renal fibrosis patients and correlated with serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), estimated glomerular filtration rate, and cystatin C. The level of hsa_circ_0008925 was furthermore correlated with the score of tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) and the score of glomerular sclerosis. The ROC curve showed that hsa_circ_0008925 can diagnose renal fibrosis at a cut-off value of 0.093 with a sensitivity of 52.2% and specificity of 96.4%. In summary, we indicated that urinary exosomal hsa_circ_0008925 could be acted as a noninvasive biomarker for renal fibrosis in glomerular diseases patients.
Crowd Density Estimation Method Using Deep Learning for Passenger Flow Detection System in Exhibition Center
Authors: Xiang Jun , Liu Na
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the problems of crowd distribution, scale feature, and crowd feature extraction difficulties in exhibition centers, this paper proposes a crowd density estimation method using deep learning for passenger flow detection systems in exhibition centers. Firstly, based on the pixel difference symbol feature, the difference amplitude feature and gray feature of the central pixel are extracted to form the CLBP feature to obtain more crowd group description information. Secondly, use the LR activation function to add nonlinear factors to the convolution neural network (CNN) and use dense blocks derived from crowd density estimation to train the LR-CNN crowd density estimation model. Finally, experimental results show that the mean absolute error (MAE) and mean square error (MSE) of the proposed method in the UCF_CC_50 dataset are 325.6 and 369.4, respectively. Besides, MAE and MSE in part_A of the Shanghai Tech dataset are 213.5 and 247.1, respectively, and they in part_B are 85.3 and 99.7, respectively. The proposed method effectively improves the accuracy of crowd density estimation in exhibition centers.
Geraniin Protects against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Neuronal Apoptosis via Regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
Authors: Yang Yuan , He Bo , Zhang Xiaochao , Yang Renhua , Xia Xin , Chen Lu , Li Rui , Shen Zhiqiang , Chen Peng
Published: February 2022

Geraniin, a polyphenol isolated from Phyllanthus amarus, possesses extensive biological and pharmaceutical activities. In this study, we investigated the protective effect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of geraniin and explored its potential mechanism. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) was used to simulate cerebral I/R injury in vivo, and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) was applied to establish an in vitro model of cerebral I/R injury. In this study, we performed TTC and HE staining and adopted a neurological score method to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of geraniin in vivo and used the CCK-8 assay to assess this effect in vitro. Indices of reactive oxidation capacity were measured in vivo and in vitro to verify the antioxidant capacity of geraniin. TUNEL staining and flow cytometry were applied to measure the apoptosis rate, and Western blotting was performed to assess the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Finally, the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was evaluated in vivo and in vitro by Western blotting. Geraniin significantly reduced the infarct volume, decreased neurological deficit scores, alleviated pathological changes in neurons, and increased the cell survival rate. Geraniin increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in vivo and in vitro. In addition, geraniin significantly reduced the apoptosis. Furthermore, geraniin also evidently increased Nrf2 (total and nuclear) and HO-1 protein expression in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, these results imply that geraniin may exert a protective effect against cerebral I/R injury by suppressing oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. The mechanism underlying the protective effect of geraniin is associated with activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Our results indicate that geraniin may be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Implications of Human Antimicrobial Peptide Defensin Beta-1 in Clinical Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients via an Integrated Bioinformatics Approach
Authors: Li Simin , Li Hu , Xu Yuzhen , Ning Wanchen , Hu Shaonan , Wei Shanzun , Song Hongning , Sun Jianghe , Ziebolz Dirk , Schmalz Gerhard , Hu Xianda , Liu Min
Published: February 2022

Background. The human antimicrobial peptide defensin beta 1 (DEFB1) has been found to play antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory roles in oral diseases; however, its tumor-regulating role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not yet been researched by using an integrative bioinformatics approach. Objective. To investigate the regulating mechanisms of the DEFB1 gene in OSCC in terms of its expression patterns, prognostic values, biological functions, and implication for tumor immunity. Methods. The DEFB1 gene expression pattern and regulatory involvement in OSCC were investigated using publically accessible data from TCGA database. R software tools and public web servers were utilized to conduct statistical analysis of data from cancer and noncancerous samples. Results. DEFB1 was found to be significantly downregulated in OSCC tumor samples compared with healthy control oral samples. The DEFB1 gene was found associated with the prognostic outcomes of OSCC, and its upregulation represented better survival outcome. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results showed that DEFB1-significantly correlated genes were mainly enriched in four signaling pathways mediating the antitumor role of DEFB1 in OSCC, including extracellular matrix-related pathway, RTK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, keratinization, and cytokine-related pathway. The gene-gene interaction network showed that DEFB1 was closely correlated with several genes, for example, CCR6 (C-C motif chemokine receptor 6), CXCL1 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1), MAP4K2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 2), PTGER3 (prostaglandin E receptor 3), and MMP7 (matrix metallopeptidase 7). Moreover, DEFB1 was found to be involved in the tumor immunity of OSCC by regulating the function of tumor macrophage cells, mast cells, T cells, and NK cells. Conclusions. Given the dysregulation, prognostic value, and tumor progression-related biological pathway alteration, indicating the tumor immune-modulatory role of DEFB1 in OSCC, the DEFB1 gene should be regarded as a potential therapeutic target for treating oral cancer.
LINC00460 Stimulates the Proliferation of Vascular Endothelial Cells by Downregulating miRNA-24-3p
Authors: Jia Ruofei , Yuan Xingxing , Yang Chengzhi , Han Jing , Cao Xiaojing , Qin Zheng , Nan Jing , Jin Zening
Published: February 2022

Objective. To clarify the effect of LINC00460 on mediating the proliferative ability of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) by targeting microRNA-24-3p (miRNA-24-3p), thus influencing the progression of atherosclerotic diseases. Methods. Relative levels of LINC00460 and miRNA-24-3p in ECs induced with different doses of ox-LDL (oxidized low density lipoprotein) for different time points were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Influences of LINC00460 and miRNA-24-3p on the viability of ECs were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2

′

-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. Through dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, the binding between LINC00460 and miRNA-24-3p was evaluated. At last, rescue experiments were performed to identify the function of the LINC00460/miRNA-24-3p axis in regulating the proliferative ability of ECs. Results. LINC00460 was upregulated after ox-LDL treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Viability of ECs gradually increased with the prolongation of ox-LDL treatment and the treatment of increased dose. The overexpression of LINC00460 enhanced the viability and EdU-positive rate in ECs treated with ox-LDL. miRNA-24-3p was the direct target of LINC00460, which was negatively regulated by LINC00460. miRNA-24-3p was downregulated with the prolongation of ox-LDL treatment. The overexpression of miRNA-24-3p could reverse the effect of LINC00460 on regulating the proliferative ability of ECs. Conclusions. LINC00460 regulates the proliferative ability of ECs and thus the occurrence and development of coronary atherosclerotic diseases by targeting miRNA-24-3p.
Diffuse Cerebral Edema and Impending Herniation Complicating Hepatic Encephalopathy in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
Authors: Mylavarapu Charisma , Lu Alexander J. , Burns Ethan A. , Samorajski Justin , Gotur Deepa , Baker Kelty
Published: February 2022

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant vascular disease characterized by the formation of cutaneous and visceral telangiectasias and arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Multiple organs may be affected, including the nasal mucosa, skin, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and brain. The following case highlights a unique manifestation of HHT in a patient with a gastrointestinal hemorrhage and epistaxis, resulting in hyperammonemia and diffuse cerebral edema and herniation. Clinicians should be aware of this potential complication in such patients and initiate ammonia-reducing agents early to avoid this devastating consequence.
Research on the Deformation Characteristics of Pressure Culvert Linings Based on Monitoring
Authors: Jingwei Liang , Xiang Wang , Lei Cao , Chu Jiang
Published: February 2022

It is of great significance to study the deformation characteristics of the lining of a long‐distance pressure culvert. The lining of a pressure culvert has the characteristics of strong concealment and remarkable influence on the whole performance. The existing research on deformation characteristics mostly adopts nondestructive detection, and the accuracy is restricted by many factors. In this paper, the lining of a pressure culvert is taken as the research object, and in situ tests of the structure are carried out and numerical simulations are conducted. Based on field monitoring data, the mechanical and deformation responses of the lining structure under external water and earth pressure are analyzed. On this basis, the finite element method is used to establish a three‐dimensional finite element model, which further analyzes the deformation and mechanical characteristics of the lining structure under different conditions of internal water pressure, geological conditions, and internal water pressure alongside geological conditions. Therefore, theoretical guidance and technical support for the lining structure design of long‐distance pressurized water delivery culverts are provided.
Analysis of the Diagnosis Model of Peripheral Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer under Computed Tomography Images
Authors: Xie Zhonghai , Zhang Huaizhong
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to explore the effect of deep learning models on lung CT image lung parenchymal segmentation (LPS) and the application value of CT image texture features in the diagnosis of peripheral non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data of peripheral lung cancer (PLC) patients was collected retrospectively and was divided into peripheral SCLC group and peripheral NSCLC group according to the pathological examination results, ResNet50 model and feature pyramid network (FPN) algorithm were undertaken to improve the Mask-RCNN model, and after the MaZda software extracted the texture features of the CT images of PLC patients, the Fisher coefficient was used to reduce the dimensionality, and the texture features of the CT images were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the average Dice coefficients of the 2D CH algorithm, Faster-RCNN, Mask-RCNN, and the algorithm proposed in the validation set were 0.882, 0.953, 0.961, and 0.986, respectively. The accuracy rates were 88.3%, 93.5%, 94.4%, and 97.2%. The average segmentation speeds in lung CT images were 0.289 s/sheet, 0.115 s/sheet, 0.108 s/sheet, and 0.089 s/sheet. The improved deep learning model showed higher accuracy, better robustness, and faster speed than other algorithms in the LPS of CT images. In summary, deep learning can achieve the LPS of CT images and show excellent segmentation efficiency. The texture parameters of GLCM in CT images have excellent differential diagnosis performance for NSCLC and SCLC and potential clinical application value.
Latent Growth Curve Modeling for COVID-19 Cases in Presence of Time-Variant Covariate
Authors: Panwar M. S. , Yadav C. P. , Singh Harendra , Jawa Taghreed M. , Sayed-Ahmed Neveen
Published: February 2022

For the past two years, the entire world has been fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapid increase in COVID-19 cases can be attributed to several factors. Recent studies have revealed that changes in environmental temperature are associated with the growth of cases. In this study, we modeled the monthly growth rate of COVID-19 cases per million infected in 126 countries using various growth curves under structural equation modeling. Moreover, the environmental temperature has been introduced as a time-varying covariate to enhance the performance of the models. The parameters of growth curve models have been estimated, and accordingly, the results are discussed for the affected countries from August 2020 to July 2021.
Design and Implementation of University Students Scientific Research Ability Evaluation System Based on Neural Network
Authors: Yin Huilan , Zhang Jing , Qi Yanming , Li Dongping
Published: February 2022

At present, many colleges attach more and more importance to the cultivation of scientific research ability of college students. However, there is no unified standard to effectively measure the cultivation effect. The current performance inference method cannot comprehensively evaluate the scientific research ability of college students. Few scholars have directly analyzed the college students’ scientific research ability from the internal and external influencing factors. Therefore, this paper tries to design and implement a neural network analysis system for scientific research ability evaluation of college students. After surveying the status quo of scientific research ability evaluation of college students in northern China’s Hebei Province, a hierarchical evaluation index system was constructed for college students’ scientific research ability, referring to the existing evaluation index systems, and the weights were designed for the evaluation indices. Next, the backpropagation (BP) neural network was optimized by chaotic sine-cosine grasshopper optimization algorithm (CSCGOA) and used to establish a neural network analysis system for scientific research ability evaluation of college students. The proposed system was proved effective through experiments. The relevant results effectively enhance the scientific level and accuracy of the evaluation of college students’ scientific research ability, improve the cultivation of college students, and provide a scientific basis for colleges to understand the scientific research ability of their students.
Sonar Image Target Detection Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Yu Shibing
Published: February 2022

Due to the nonlinearity of the imaging of sonar equipment and the complexity of the underwater sound field environment, the gray level of the target area of the acquired underwater sonar image is relatively small. These characteristics are the target of the subsequent sonar image. Work such as detection and location tracking has brought great challenges. It has brought great challenges to solving the work of positioning and tracking, which makes the research of sonar image target detection based on deep learning very important. This article aims at studying the use of sonar to detect image targets based on deep learning technology. This article proposes a variety of sound image denoising methods based on multiresolution tools. The purpose of this article is to divide the natural image into blocks at an appropriate rate according to the change of the sampling matrix and measure the underwater natural image. The sound image defines an information model. These methods have greatly changed the image and period of using remote and temporary information. The translation results of these methods are all valid. The sharpening separation method based on filtered image and bidirectional detection should be published through a solution algorithm and different frames, and the expected algorithm can be reused and extracted as an action to improve the similarity of the image and should be saved and separated in detail. The result is correct. This article studies the application of deep learning methods in sonar image target detection and designs corresponding algorithms for improvement and functional realization in view of the current deficiencies and needs in this field. The experimental results show that the improved scheme and applied algorithm proposed in this article can achieve good results, the verification sample set includes 184 remote-sensing aircraft targets, and the resolution of remote-sensing images is unified to 1644 × 971 size. The accuracy of the target detection algorithm has been significantly improved, reaching 74.6%, and the detection speed has also been greatly improved. Compared with the RNN algorithm, the speed has been increased by 7 times. The detection results confirmed that the improved algorithm has higher positioning accuracy and faster detection speed.
Enhancement of Magnetic Vortex Acceleration by Laser Interaction with
Near-Critical Density Plasma inside a Hollow Conical Target
Authors: Li Xueming , Chao Yue , Xie Rui , Liu Deji , Zhou Yuanzhi , Zhang Shutong , Yang Tian , Liu Zhanjun , Cao Lihua , Zheng Chunyang , Batani Katarzyna
Published: February 2022

The effects of magnetic vortex acceleration (MVA) are investigated with
two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations by laser interaction with
near-critical density (NCD) plasma inside a hollow conical plasma. Energetic
and collimated proton beams can be accelerated by a longitudinal
charge-separation field. Energetic protons with a peak energy of 220 MeV are
produced in PIC simulations. Compared with a uniform NCD plasma, both the
cutoff energy and collimation of proton beams are improved remarkably.
Furthermore, the influence of different gap sizes of cone tip is taken into
account. For optimizing magnetic vortex acceleration, the gap size of the
cone tip is suggested to match the focal spot size of laser pulse.
Polymethyl Methacrylate-Based Smart Microfluidic Point-of-Care Testing of Prothrombin Time and International Normalized Ratio through Optical Detection
Authors: Abdulhay Enas W. , Khnouf Ruba E. , Karain Yahia M. , Al Omari Taqwa K. , Ebeid Nourshan M. , Al Muhtaseb Tamara H. , Arunkumar N. , Thilagaraj M. , Ramirez-Gonzalez Gustavo
Published: February 2022

The mechanical heart valve is a crucial solution for many patients. However, it cannot function on the state of blood as human tissue valves. Thus, people with mechanical valves are put under anticoagulant therapy. A good measurement of the state of blood and how long it takes blood to form clots is the prothrombin time (PT); moreover, it is an indicator of how well the anticoagulant therapy is, and of whether the response of the patient to the drug is as needed. For a more specific standardized measurement of coagulation time, an international normalized ratio (INR) is established. Clinical testing of INR and PT is relatively easy. However, it requires the patient to visit the clinic for evaluation purposes. Many techniques are therefore being developed to provide PT and INR self-testing devices. Unfortunately, those solutions are either inaccurate, complex, or expensive. The present work approaches the design of an anticoagulation self-monitoring device that is easy to use, accurate, and relatively inexpensive. Hence, a two-channel polymethyl methacrylate-based microfluidic point-of-care (POC) smart device has been developed. The Arduino based lab-on-a-chip device applies optical properties to a small amount of blood. The achieved accuracy is 96.7%.
The Value of Gastric Cancer Staging by Endoscopic Ultrasonography Features in the Diagnosis of Gastroenterology
Authors: Zhou Hua , Li Min
Published: February 2022

This research was aimed at exploring the application value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis of gastric cancer staging and the correlation between staging and clinical features of gastric cancer. A total of 72 patients with gastric cancer were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The patients in the pathological group underwent postoperative pathological examination, while those in the EUS group received preoperative EUS examination. The results showed that the staging accuracy of EUS was 73.33% for T1, 78.57% for T2, 27% for T3, and 100% for T4, compared with the pathological staging. The accuracy of N- and N+ was 42.5% and 82.3% in EUS, respectively, and the total accuracy was 55.7%. There was no considerable difference in the accuracy of T staging between early gastric cancer and advanced gastric cancer (

P
>
0.05

), but there was a considerable difference in N staging (

P
<
0.05

). Lymph node metastasis affected the accuracy of N staging (

P
<
0.05

). The number and location of metastatic lymph nodes did not affect the judgment of metastatic lymph nodes (

P
>
0.05

). In addition, the proportion of understaging and overstaging was greatly different among different lesion sizes and histological types of gastric cancer (

P
<
0.05

). To sum up, the accuracy of EUS for T and N staging of gastric cancer needed to be improved. The location of gastric cancer lesions affected the accuracy of T staging, while the depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis affected the accuracy of N staging.
Oral and Intestinal Bacterial Substances Associated with Disease Activities in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study
Authors: Kitamura Kaori , Shionoya Hiroshi , Suzuki Suguru , Fukai Richio , Uda Shinichi , Abe Chiyuki , Takemori Hiromitsu , Nishimura Keita , Baba Hisashi , Katayama Kou , Terato Kuniaki , Waritani Takaki
Published: February 2022

Intestinal bacterial compositions of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have been reported to be different from those of healthy people. Dysbiosis, imbalance of the microbiota, is widely known to cause gut barrier damage, resulting in an influx of bacteria and their substances into host bloodstreams in animal studies. However, few studies have investigated the effect of bacterial substances on the pathophysiology of RA. In this study, eighty-seven active RA patients who had inadequate responses to conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or severe comorbidities were analyzed for correlations between many factors such as disease activities, disease biomarkers, intestinal bacterial counts, fecal and serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LBP), endotoxin neutralizing capacity (ENC), and serum antibacterial substance IgG and IgA antibody levels by multiple regression analysis with consideration for demographic factors such as age, sex, smoking, and methotrexate treatment. Serum LBP levels, fecal LPS levels, total bacteria counts, serum anti-LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg-LPS) IgG antibody levels, and serum anti-Pg-LPS IgA antibody levels were selected for multiple regression analysis using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Serum LBP levels were correlated with disease biomarker levels, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (

p
<
0.001

), C-reactive protein (

p
<
0.001

), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (

p
<
0.001

), and IL-6 (

p
=
0.001

), and were inversely correlated with hemoglobin (

p
=
0.005

). Anti-Pg-LPS IgG antibody levels were inversely correlated with activity indices such as patient global assessments using visual analogue scale (VAS) (

p
=
0.002

) and painVAS (

p
<
0.001

). Total bacteria counts were correlated with ENC (

p
<
0.001

), and inversely correlated with serum LPS (

p
<
0.001

) and anti-Pg-LPS IgA antibody levels (

p
<
0.001

). These results suggest that substances from oral and gut microbiota may influence disease activity in RA patients.
Regulation of Cr(VI)-Induced Premature Senescence in L02 Hepatocytes by ROS-Ca2+-NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Zhang Yujing , Yang Gang , Huang Shuai , Yang Xinyue , Yuan Fengyan , Song Yinghui , Liu Sulai , Yu Xing
Published: February 2022

Stress-induced premature senescence may be involved in the pathogeneses of acute liver injury. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], a common environmental pollutant related to liver injury, likely leads to premature senescence in L02 hepatocytes. However, the underlying mechanisms regarding hepatocyte premature senility in Cr(VI) exposure remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that chronic exposure of L02 hepatocytes to Cr(VI) led to premature senescence characterized by increased β-galactosidase activity, senescence-associated heterochromatin foci, G1 phase arrest, and decreased cell proliferation. Additionally, Cr(VI)-induced senescent L02 hepatocytes showed upregulated inflammation-related factors, such as IL-6 and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which also exhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation derived from mitochondria accompanied with increased concentration of intracellular calcium ions (Ca2+) and activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Of note is that ROS inhibition by N-acetyl-Lcysteine pretreatment not only alleviated Cr(VI)-induced premature senescence but also reduced the elevated intracellular Ca2+, activated NF-κB, and secretion of IL-6/FGF23. Intriguingly, the toxic effect of Cr(VI) upon premature senescence of L02 hepatocytes and increased levels of IL-6/FGF23 could be partially reversed by the intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM pretreatment. Furthermore, by utilizing the NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), we confirmed that NF-κB mediated IL-6/FGF23 to regulate the Cr(VI)-induced L02 hepatocyte premature senescence, whilst the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ was not influenced by PDTC. To the best of our knowledge, our data reports for the first time the role of ROS-Ca2+-NF-κB signaling pathway in Cr(VI)-induced premature senescence. Our results collectively shed light on further exploration of innovative intervention strategies and treatment targeting Cr(VI)-induced chronic liver damage related to premature senescence.
Economic Benefit Evaluation Model of Urban Street Reconstruction Based on Parallel Multigrid Computing
Authors: Cui Yu
Published: February 2022

This study draws on the relevant experience of algebraic multigrid, which effectively deals with anisotropic matrices, transforms the geometric characteristics of unstructured grids into numerical relationships, distinguishes the degree of anisotropy of geometric grids through numerical values, and forms a strong-weak coupling relationship between elements. It is used to aggregate and generate coarse grid levels, which makes up for the defect that the cell-centric calculation format cannot effectively deal with high-ductility grids. In order to reduce the computational complexity of the coarse-grid layer and adapt to the calculation requirements of different dimensions, multiple strong coupling aggregations are used for high-ductility grid cells and cell-centric aggregations are used for other grid cells. Under the RGD model, the government pays attention to the improvement of environmental quality and land fiscal revenue. Residents pay attention to the level of demolition compensation and resettlement fees and the improvement of urban landscape functions. Developers pay attention to urban renewal and renovation costs, public participation, and coordination between new and old buildings. The government pays attention to the level of demolition compensation and resettlement fees and the cost of urban renewal and transformation, residents are concerned about the improvement of cultural education and the level of rental income, and developers are concerned about the improvement of traffic conditions, land utilization, and urban landscape functions. The government pays attention to the level of demolition compensation and resettlement fees and the status of land fiscal revenue, residents pay attention to public participation, and developers pay attention to land use. The comprehensive benefit evaluation of urban renewal is multidimensional, and comprehensive evaluation is carried out from the six dimensions of the social, economic, and environmental perspectives of the government, residents, and developers that coordinate the benefits and the social, economic, and environmental aspects of the development benefits. Social and people’s livelihood, economic development, environmental support, ecological balance, and historical and cultural inheritance are the core content of the evaluation system. The social and people’s livelihood is the foundation, economic development is an important condition, the environment is an important factor, and history and culture are the connotations. Urban renewal is not only about economic development but more concerned about the sustainable development of the society and the environment. Due to many factors, before starting an urban renewal project, the implementation plan should be comprehensively evaluated from multiple perspectives and dimensions and the plan and investment scale should be reasonably formulated to achieve the best goal of sustainable development.
A Novel Precise Personalized Learning Recommendation Model Regularized with Trust and Influence
Authors: Zhang Xuefeng , Li Mengfan , Seng Dewen , Chen Xiuli , Chen Xiyuan
Published: February 2022

Many precise personalized learning recommendations in massive open online courses (MOOCs) have emerged in the intelligence education field. Up to now, most researches simply put the dual learner-resources relations into consideration and are short of studies looking deep into its intrinsic social relation, thus rarely introducing the influential factors such as social trust, which means to apply the mutual trust relation between learners in the precise personalized learning recommendation. Therefore, we propose a personalized learning recommendation method based on learners’ trust and conduct a quantitative analysis on two aspects: social trust and influence, so as to realize a precise personalized learning recommendation service. First, we establish a new module on social trust scale which integrates the interactive information and preference degree to reveal the implicit trust relation between learners in social networks and construct social trust networks. Next, we adopt improved structural hole (ISH) algorithm by integrating the topological structure of social trust network with learners’ interactive information and identify the most influential learners cluster by the ISH algorithm. For the final stage, we predict the score of target learners based on explicit and implicit feedback information and realize the personalized learning recommendation for new learners. Since the score is predicted, we compare MAE and RMSE in two real-world datasets which are Canvas Network and Wanke website, respectively. The result of experiment validates the accuracy and effectiveness of our recommendation model.
Incidence and Durability of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Cancer and Health Care Workers following the First Wave of the Pandemic
Authors: Lai Catherine , Potosky Arnold L. , McGuire Colleen , Lobo Tania , Ahn Jaeil , Haddad Bassem R. , Richards Ernest W. , Anand Palka , Wright Kristen , Christenson Robert H. , Boyle Lisa , Goy Andre , Atkins Michael B.
Published: February 2022

Background. Patients with cancer and health care workers (HCW) are at higher risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection. There are limited data regarding the rate of symptomatic versus asymptomatic infection and subsequent seropositivity in both populations. Methods. We performed a prospective study of patients and HCW across two institutions during the first wave of the pandemic to analyze the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, the extent of associated symptoms, and durability of serologic response. Results. In 1,953 persons (733 patients and 1,220 HCW), overall seropositivity rates for 3.1% patients (95% CI 2.0–4.7) and 3.7% HCW (95% CI 2.7–4.9,

p
=
0.520

), were similar. Each institutions’ seropositivity rates were numerically higher in HCW than patients. Non-Hispanic Whites and Asians had lower antibody rates (2.8%, 95% CI 2.0–3.8 and 3.3%, 95% CI 1.2–7.0) compared to Hispanics (6.9%, 95% CI 3.4–12.4) and non-Hispanic Blacks (5.9%, 95% CI 3.3–9.7),

p
<
0.001

. Among persons with a positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody, 87% of patients and 56% of HCW did not recall having had a fever. Among HCW, administrative and technical personnel were most likely to be seropositive. The rate of persistent seropositivity at 3 months was similar between patients and HCW and was not influenced by the reporting of fever, cancer type, or therapy. Conclusion. These data suggest that patients are not at higher risk for febrile SARS-CoV-2 infections or more transient immunity than HCWs. Furthermore, racial differences and lack of association with the extent of HCW contact with COVID-19 patients suggest that community rather than hospital virus exposure was a source of many infections.