bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF THE PROCESS OF CAVITATION EROSION ON THE IMPELLERS OF THE ZHIGULI HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT
Authors: ROMANOV Alexey A. , EVDOKIMOV Sergey V. , SELIVERSTOV Vladimir A.
Published: October 2018

The results of studying the process of cavitation erosion on the blades of the impellers of the Zhigulevskaya hydroelectric power plant are presented. The technique of carrying out full-scale cavitation tests by the method of high-speed erosion with the use of soft metal plates pasted onto the suspected zones of the appearance of cavitation damages is described. Cavitation tests were carried out for three characteristic operating modes, with a substantiation of the technological peculiarity of full-scale operation of hydroturbine installations. The results of the investigation of the turbine blades of the unit No. 5 for three regimes are presented. Areas of destruction of the peripheral edges of the impeller blade are visualized. The results of research on the fl ow parameters for diff erent regimes are given in tabular form.
Experience of stem cell use in treatment of skin burns
Authors: Zinovyev Evgeny V. , Yudin Vladimir E. , Asadulaev Marat S. , Tsygan Vasiliy N. , Kostyakov Denis V. , Shabunin Anton S. , Smirnova Natalia V. , Kryukov Artem E. , Paneiakh Moisei B. , Lukyanov Sergey A. , Artsimovich Ilya V. , Lopatin Ivan M. , Zubov Viktor V. , Krylov Pavel K. , Vagner Denis O. , Osmanov Kamil F. , Bagaturia Georgiy O.
Published: October 2018

The results of three-year research on the use of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells of adipose tissue (AMSCs) in the treatment of skin burns of II-III degree are presented. in a complex with wounds dressing of nanofibers chitosan and copolyamide, hyaluronic acid. It was found that with surgical necrectomy, introduction of AMSCs and substitution of defects with natural polymer coatings, the healing time is reduced by 89% (p < 0.05). Isolated administration of MSC reduces the healing period by no more than 5% (p > 0.05). The combined use of wounds dressings of nanofibers chitosan and copo lyamide with MSC accelerates the regeneration process by 26% (p < 0.05), with the introduction of AMSCs accelerating the development of granulation tissue by the fifth day of observation by 83% (p < 0.01). Joint use of wound coverings on the basis of hyaluronic acid with AMSCs is accompanied by an increase in the number of vessels of the microcirculatory bed in the defect area by 185% (p < 0.01). Clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of drugs with stem cells – a gel for topical application and a suspension of MSC LC for injection administration demonstrate their ability to optimize regeneration in the burn zone. Application of gel with AMSCs reduces the duration of epithelialization of border (dermal) burns by 2.2-2.4 times, with the final healing period being reduced by 59% (p < 0.01) and the suppuration frequency by 30% (p < 0.05). The introduction of a suspension of AMSCs into the zone of deep burn increases the frequency of engraftment of autografts, stimulates angiogenesis and proliferation of fibroblasts in the superficial and deep layers of the dermis. In the area of MSC administration, the LC perfusion level and the amplitude of blood flow fluctuation are twice as high as the values in the zones without the introduction of cells.
Pregnancy outcomes in women of different body types in cervical insufficiency
Authors: Loseva Olga I. , Komissarova Elena N. , Karelina Natalya R. , Gaiducov Sergei N.
Published: October 2018

The rate of preterm birth remains high and has no downward trend, despite the introduction of new technologies. Isthmic-cervical insufficiency is one of the most important causes of premature birth. At the same time, many issues related to the prediction and treatment of isthmic-cervical insufficiency remain open. There is now a sufficient number of studies showing the relationship between somatotype, course and outcome of the disease. At the same time, stu dies related to the study of somatotypes in obstetric pathology are not enough.

The aim of the work is to assess the outcomes of pregnancy in women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency, taking into account the type of physique.

Materials and methods. the course and outcomes of pregnancy in 164 women with cervical insufficiency were studied. A computer somatotropina by R.N. Dorokhov all the best for measured strength of the pelvic floor muscles using a device pelvic muscle trainer.

Conclusions. The most frequently CI was found in women with mesosomatic and micro mesosomatic somatotype. Women macromesosomatic and micromesosomatic body types revealed low levels of muscle strength of the pelvic floor and a higher percentage of premature births. In groups macrosomy, macromesosomatic, microsomal body types often use different methods of correction CI. At the same time, the highest percentage of surgical correction of CI was observed in patients with macrosomatic type of physique. In other patients with different somatotypes, a non-surgical correction method was used.
The effectiveness of anti-helicobacter therapy in the treatment of chronic gastroduodenal pathology in children with different levels of compliance
Authors: Nalyotov Andrew V. , Nalyotov Sergey V. , Barinova Anna S. , Gorshkov Oleg G.
Published: October 2018

At the present time, the therapy of most diseases requires special attention not only from the treating physician, but also from the patient. In turn, in the treatment of children, the monitoring of compliance with the treatment is carried out not by the patient, but by his parents who control the regimen of taking medications. The aim of the study was to determine the efficiency of traditional anti-H. pylori regimen in the treatment of chronic gastroduodenal pathology in children with various level of parental compliance. 80 children of school age suffering from peptic ulcer disease duodenal ulcer associated with H. pylori from families with different levels of parental compliance were examined. The traditional anti-H. pylori therapy scheme containing omeprazole, clarithromycin lasting 14 days was prescribed for all children with chronic gastroduodenal pathology. It is established that strict adherence to the regimen and duration of administration of prescribed drugs allows achieving a high level of eradication of H. pylori even with the use of the traditional anti-Helicobacter pylori. Conducting a “compliance training” before starting therapy is an important factor that increases the level of parental compliance in patients with inflammatory-destructive diseases of the stomach and duodenum. Establishment of interpersonal relationships in the “doctor-patient-parent” system, working with parents, aimed at explaining the essence of the disease, the consequences of the disease, treatment tactics are an important stage in the therapy of a sick child.
Early carcinoma tongue: evaluation using ultrasonography and its comparison with final histopathological findings
Authors: Kshirsagar Pankaj , Shetty Varun Sudarshan , Mody Pratham , Gawade Harshad Namdev
Published: October 2018

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is a common malignancy associated with risk factors like excessive alcohol consumption, heavy tobacco smoking and human papilloma virus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan is considered to be the gold standard in investigating these tumors. However, MRI equipment is expensive to buy and is not readily available in some centers. Computed tomography scan has also been used in imaging these patients, but this modality carries a radiation burden. Patient’s five-year survival is dependent on early diagnosis. It is, therefore, important to diagnose early and image accurately to ensure good outcomes. This study was focused on evaluating the role of Ultrasonography in assessing early tongue cancer and its comparison with postoperative histopathological findings. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the role of sonography in assessing early tongue cancer depth of invasion and compared it with postoperative histopathological findings.Methods: A prospective study was performed on 100 cases of early tongue cancer. sonography of the tongue was performed, BY 7.5 MHz - 12 MHz Probe. Ultrasonography findings compared with post-operative histopathological findings sensitivity and specificity calculated.Results: All patients underwent sonography of tongue with 7.5 MHz probe to know the depth of tumor and these findings were compared with depth demonstrated on final histopathological reports. Sensitivity and specificity of USG for depth of tumor were very high (HPR findings were taken as standard results). On USG, tumor thickness i.e. 2 mm, 2-4 mm and >4 mm were observed in 22, 55 and 23 patients. On HPR, tumor thickness i.e. 2 mm, 2-4 mm and >4 mm were observed in 20, 60 and 20 patients. Sensitivity and septicity both above 90%.Conclusions: Ultrasonography proved a reliable diagnostic tool with sensitivity and specificity more than 90%, for knowing the pre-operative depth of tumor but further larger randomized studies required to confirm the recommendations.
Clinico-pathological profile and surgical management of tubercular small intestinal obstruction
Authors: Choudhary Lalit , Bhat Narendra Singh , Shahi Kedar Singh
Published: October 2018

Background: Small intestinal obstruction is one of the most common abdominal emergencies faced by surgery resident in emergency department. Diagnosis and management of tubercular intestinal obstruction is challenging as underlying pathology is usually obscure and disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to know the various clinical features; different types of treatment and prognosis of tubercular intestinal obstruction in adult patients in our setting. Our centre is the only tertiary care centre belongs to Kumauni region at present, most of our patient are from low socioeconomical strata of their region.Methods: Our study was a retrospective analytic study. Medical record of all patients who were operated between 2011 and 2016 for intestinal obstruction due to abdominal tuberculosis at Surgery Department of Dr. Sushila Tiwari Government Hospital attached to GMC Haldwani were retrospectively analysed. The patients who were above 14 years of age and operated for obstruction of small bowel and whose complete medical record was available, were included in the study.Results: There were total 59 patients operated during this time span, out of these, 19 were female and 40 were male. Patients from 3’rd decades (37.29%) of their life were most commonly affected. Abdomen pain was most common symptom found in all 59 patients. Ileal Stricture was most common gross finding. Resection anastomosis was done in 71.19%.Conclusions: Most of the cases of abdominal tuberculosis presents with non-specific clinical features, inconclusive laboratory and radiography findings.
Clinico-pathological correlation of abdominal lymphadenopathy
Authors: Ramole Yashpal , Tekam Vijay
Published: October 2018

Background: This study “clinico-pathological correlation of abdominal lymphadenopathy" intended to know the various etiological causes behind the abdominal lymphadenopathy and different modes of presentation which can help in treatment and prognosis in our setup which helps in better management of these cases thus helping to improve prognosis.Methods: The" Clinico-Pathological Correlation of Abdominal Lymphadenopathy is a clinical study of 250 consecutive cases of abdominal Lymphadenopathy which were found during intraoperative laparotomy in Hamidia Hospital (Gandhi Medical College), Bhopal. This is observational study will be carried out in the Department of Surgery, Gandhi Medical College. Total 250 consecutive cases will be included in this study having per-operative findings of lymphadenopathy, where laparotomy will be done for various regions. Prior to surgery thorough history will be taken and meticulous physical examination will be performed. Necessary laboratory and imaging studies shall do to establish the diagnosis.Results: Tuberculosis is one of the common causes of Abdomen lymphadenopathy. Age incidence more in males and in second and third decade of life is more common. Abdominal pain, loss of weight and appetite with bowel disturbances are the common clinical manifestation. It is obvious from this study that tuberculosis is a problem in our country. Regarding the abdominal tuberculosis, the diagnostic problem persists for those patients where pulmonary tuberculosis is not obvious. Most tubercular patients present with perforation peritonitis.Conclusions: This study support fact that abdominal lymphadenopathy is important indicator of underlying cause of pathogenesis from which we reach the diagnosis. In present study in 10% cases only lymph nodes are positive for tuberculosis without tissue diagnosis, which can be treated to prevent the further complications.
Is metronidazole a panacea for post-hemorrhoidectomy pain?
Authors: Neogi Probal , Sinha Anuvrat , Singh Mayank
Published: October 2018

Background: Pain following Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy is a significant cause of morbidity. The present study was carried out to find out if using metronidazole in the post-operative period of these patients results in less post-operative pain.Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled trial which was conducted on 67 consecutive patients attending the Surgical OPD at SRN Hospital, Allahabad during the study period between August 2016 and July 2017 who underwent surgery for grade 2, grade 3 and grade 4 hemorrhoids. The patients were allocated to 3 groups-one group was the control group, the second group received oral metronidazole post-operatively for 7 days while the third group received only topical metronidazole for 7 days. All the three groups received 500 mg of metronidazole in 100 ml infusion pre-operatively. The post-operative analgesic usage was standardized for all the three groups. Appropriate tests of significance were applied to assess if the difference in the intensity of post-operative pain was significant in the immediate post-operative period and on days 1, 3 and 7 post-surgery.Results: Pain relief was significantly better in the groups using metronidazole at post-operative day 1, 3 and 7 and this was also borne in the lesser number of analgesics used by the patients of these groups.Conclusions: Use of oral or topical metronidazole in the post-operative period results in clinically significant pain relief. There is no additional benefit of one over the other and hence either can be used.
Prognostic indicators affecting functional outcome in Zone II flexor tendon repairs
Authors: Kannan N. , Dhanaraju S.
Published: October 2018

Background: Advances in surgical technique and rehabilitation have transformed zone II flexor tendon injuries from an inoperable no man's land to a standard surgical procedure. Despite these advances, many patients develop a substantial range of motion limiting adhesions after primary flexor tendon repair. To analyze the prognostic indicators, which influence the functional outcome in Zone II Flexor tendon injuries in fingers.Methods: 21 patients with 28 Zone II Flexor Tendon Injuries who presented to us within 24 hours since the injury and repaired primarily were studied. Postoperatively hand is immobilized in a dorsal POP splint for 3 weeks. Pulsed ultrasound therapy was started on day 7, and continued upto 8 weeks.Results: In the FFS Repaired group combined excellent and good results were obtained in 80% of patients. Zone II A good and excellent results were obtained in 81% of patients, whereas in II B in was 91%. In Zone II C60% of excellent and good results were obtained.Conclusions: High-frequency musculoskeletal ultrasound is a better investigation in the postoperative follow up to find out tendon adhesions and rupture and most importantly dynamic assessment.
Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for lower limb varicose veins
Authors: De Anushtup , Roy Prabal , Kumar Sunil
Published: October 2018

Background: Endovenous Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) is gradually gaining widespread acceptance as a minimally invasive modality for treatment of varicose veins (VV). The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy based on Venous Doppler and Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) and the safety of radiofrequency ablation for varicose veins.Methods: This is a prospective study of 58 consecutive patients who underwent Radiofrequency ablation of Varicose veins from January 2015 to January 2017 in a single unit of a Multispecialty Tertiary Care Hospital. The mean age was 44.10±13.74 years (19-75 years). A total of 78 limbs were treated in 58 patients. RFA was performed using Closure FastTM catheter according to the manufacturer’s recommendation. Treatment outcomes were estimated 15 days, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after the procedure using Doppler scan and VCSS score.Results: There was 100% occlusion of the treated veins with no evidence of partial/complete recanalization. However, 2 (2.56%) patients had a GSV stump length > 3cm on Doppler at 6 months, without evidence of significant reflux. Minor complications such as ecchymosis erythema, pain and induration rapidly improved over short term. One patient (1.3%) had evidence of Deep Vein thrombosis (DVT) on follow up Venous Doppler. The mean VCSS improved from mean of 7.98 preoperatively to 2.24 after 1 year (P value <0.001).Conclusions: Radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective procedure with minimal major complications. The minor complications were early and resolved rapidly.
Study of ER PR receptors in breast carcinoma: a study of 30 cases
Authors: Patel Himanshu R. , Shrimal Ankur , Trivedi Harsh P.
Published: October 2018

Background: Estrogen and Progesterone receptors are found in breast cancer cells that depend on estrogen and related hormones to grow. These are steroidal nuclear type of receptors. The most common method currently used to test a tumor for estrogen and progesterone receptors is immunohistochemistry or IHC. Patients with positive hormone receptor cancer have better survival. They are candidates of anti-hormonal therapy.Methods: This is a retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Surgery of a tertiary care hospital, affiliated to Government Medical College. This is a retrospective study in which 30 randomly selected case records of breast cancer patients, who presented in the period between 2011 to 2016, and who had undergone surgery, were taken and studied in terms of history, examination, investigations, treatment given, histopathology report and development of recurrence, metastasis and survival.Results: In this study out of 30 patients, 25 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. 2 patients developed recurrence at local site.1 patient was ER/PR both negative and 1 patient was ER +/PR-. 3 patients developed metastasis. Among these, 2 patients were ER/PR both negative and 1 patient was having ER/PR both positive.Conclusions: Hormone receptors play a significant role in breast carcinoma. Breast cancer is more common in postmenopausal group as compared to premenopausal group. Mean age at diagnosis of breast cancer in western countries is 61 years and in India it is 50 years.
Laparoscopic management of cholecystoduodenal fistula: a case report
Authors: C. Tharun Ganapathy , S. Jeyakumar , P. Manimaran , Sekhar Sidhu
Published: October 2018

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the most widely accepted modality of treatment for patients with gall bladder disease. With time and increasing experience laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now being successfully attempted to treat almost all benign gall bladder pathology and their complications. One such uncommon infrequent complication of cholecystolithiasis is the cholecystoenteric fistula. Management of cholecystoduodenal fistula was traditionally performed by open method. With increasing newer laparoscopic techniques and advancement in the field, cholecystoduodenal fistula, an uncommon clinical entity is now being successfully treated via laparoscopic approach. It is feasible and safer than the conventional open approach in experienced hands, thus decreasing the overall morbidity and mortality attributed to the condition. We report a case of cholecystoduodenal fistula treated successfully by laparoscopic approach using an Endo GIA stapler.
Rapunzel syndrome: a review of unusual case
Authors: Modh Foram Arvindbhai
Published: October 2018

A rare condition characterized by trichophagia, or the swallowing of one’s own own hair, leading to a solid mass that forms in the gastrointestinal tract. The resulting blockage of the gastrointestinal tract may be fatal. The hair forms a solid mass in the digestive tract known as a trichobezoar. It causes abdominal pain and nausea, but can also present as an asymptomatic abdominal mass, progressing to abdominal obstruction and perforation. It is predominantly found in emotionally disturbed or mentally retarded youngsters. We present the youngest case of Rapunzel syndrome in the Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research Hospital, Surat, India, a 7-year-old girl who present with abdominal pain and non-tender abdominal mass.
Inverted bladder diverticulum with sigmoid colon herniation masquerading as bowel and bladder obstruction
Authors: . Pratima , . Abhilash , S Suma , Prasad Krishna
Published: October 2018

Urinary bladder diverticula can be congenital or acquired, and the latter tends to occur in older men and results from urinary obstruction. Primary bladder diverticula are congenital, smooth walled, solitary in nature and rarely diagnosed in adults. An internal hernia (IH) is a protrusion of intestines or other abdominal organs through a normal or abnormal orifice in the peritoneum or mesentery, occasionally leading to strangulation or incarceration. Internal hernias (IH) are rare causes of acute abdomen and intestinal obstruction in adults. Here we present a case report detailing the authors' surgical experience with inverted bladder diverticulum, presenting as internal hernia with sigmoid colon herniating through it, with features of acute intestinal obstruction and urinary dysfunction.
Gillies fan flap repair for near total, full thickness defect of lower lip
Authors: Aggarwal Beena , Kumar Hitesh , Sharma Prashant , Kaushik Manish , . Saurabh
Published: October 2018

Lip is one of the commonest sites of occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma in head and neck region. 90 % of the cases involve lower lip. Higher cumulative exposure of ultraviolet radiations by sun is an attributed risk factor. A large defect left after surgical excision can be covered by various methods. Myo-neurovascular flap used in Gillies fan flap technique is considered better functionally and aesthetically. We report a 70-year-old gentleman who presented with large carcinomatous growth occupying more than 3/4th of lower lip, only leaving commisures free. Edge wedge biopsy revealed it to be squamous cell carcinoma. Excision of tumor was done along with bilateral supra-omohyoid neck dissection and Gillies fan flap repair. Modified Gillies fan flap repair is one of the various techniques which serves to reconstruct large lower lip defects maintaining the vascularity, nerve supply of lip and gives functional, sensate and aesthetic results
Chronomodulation of cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitor may reduce hematological toxicities? A review of literature
Authors: Gharote Mukul Arvind
Published: October 2018

Nucleotide excision repair, DNA damage checkpoints, and apoptosis are under the influence of the circadian rhythm1. Circadian rhythm is defined as oscillations in the behavior and biochemical changes in an individual that repeats itself after the span of 24 h approximately. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibition causes cell cycle arrest and subsequent circadian stage-dependent gating of cells at G2-M interface of the cell cycle. Few anecdotes have suggested that chronomodulation reduces hematological toxicity in cell cycle-specific chemotherapy, especially S1-specific chemotherapy. In a study conducted by Boucher et al., 2016, circadian rhythm plays a role in the regulation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) differentiation and division and likely represents key factor in maintaining hMSCs properties. If we apply the knowledge of circadian clock, then we know the fact that bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) are under the control of circadian rhythm and G1-S phase of cell division cycle occurs at the early morning period of solar day. If CDK4/6 plasma peak level coincides with G1-S phase of BMSCs, then theoretically cytopenia may occur, which again is the sign of CDK4/6 action but is also the reason of its toxicity. Chronomodulation studies of CDK4/6 inhibitor may reduce hematological toxicity of CDK4/6 inhibitor.
Función del profesional en enfermería en la atención del acoso escolar en niños, niñas y adolescentes
Authors: Alvarado  R. Herly Ruth , Córdoba  R. Diana Norella , Mesa A. Laura Valentia , Turmequé  S. Erika Vanessa , Álvarez  C. Leinis , Quintero  M. Laura , Narváez  B. Diana Elvira , Bastidas  C. Yadira , Bautista S. David
Published: October 2018

Actualmente se ha incrementado y visualizado el fenómeno del acoso escolar o bullying(por su traducción al inglés); sin embargo, llama la atención que esta práctica ha 
existido durante mucho tiempo, pero es hasta ahora donde se evidencian las consecuencias que genera en los niños, niñas y adolescentes que, según diversos estudios, puede generar suicidios en esta población. Diversas profesiones han profundizado en el tema; a pesar de ello, no se ha visto avance en el manejo y prevención del acoso y se ha incrementado el número de casos que llegan a instituciones de salud relacionados con los daños físicos y psicológicos que se ocasionan en el niño víctima de acoso escolar. Es un reto para enfermería poder abordar esta situación y plantear posibles estrategias de intervención para su manejo y prevención, no solo en la víctima y victimario sino también en la familia, escuelas e instituciones de salud en los diferentes niveles de atención, ya que cuenta con las herramientas para diseñar intervenciones en el manejo de la comunidad y del paciente institucionalizado.
Cuidados paliativos: una apuesta por la salud y la calidad de vida
Authors: Sánchez-Cárdenas Miguel Antonio
Published: October 2018

resumen
Construcción y validación de constructo sobre el proceso de muerte y morir de los recién nacidos
Authors: Subutzki Larissa Spies , Silva Lenise Dutra da , Lunardi Valeria Lerch , Smeha Luciane Najar , Costenaro Regina Santini , Backes Dirce Stein
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: describir las etapas de elaboración y validación de un constructo sobre el proceso de muerte y morir en la unidad de terapia intensiva neonatal, a la luz del pensamiento de la complejidad. Método: investigación metodológica, de carácter descriptivo. Para diseñar el constructo se realizó inicialmente una profundización teórica sobre el proceso de muerte y morir de neonatos y, a continuación, una investigación cualitativa con el equipo multidisciplinario de una unidad de terapia intensiva neonatal. El proceso de validación se efectuó en la Conferencia de Delphi, entre septiembre y octubre del 2016, con el retorno de 11 instrumentos evaluados por especialistas en el área. Se consideró el índice de concordancia de mínimo el 80 % como garantía para la validez del constructo. Resultados: el constructo se elaboró con la participación de especialistas en el proceso de muerte y morir de diferentes regiones del Brasil, escogidos teniendo en cuenta sus publicaciones científicas sobre el tema. Se realizaron las modificaciones sugeridas en la primera ronda Delphi y el instrumento se sometió a reevaluación, con una tasa de respuesta del 91,66 %. Conclusión: el constructo, considerado válido tanto en contenido como en apariencia por los especialistas, servirá como instrumento de referencia para ampliar el cuidado multidisciplinario del proceso de muerte y morir de neonatos y fomentar programas de educación permanente en las demás unidades de hospitalización. En cuanto al índice de validez de contenido total del instrumento, se obtuvo un 93,18 % de concordancia.
Optical properties of (ZnTiO3)/Epoxy Nanocomposite Thin films
Authors: Alqaicy Warqaa Adnan , Abdullah Sawsan H. , Mustafa Falah I. , Kh.Ateia Khalid , M.Ibraheem Amnah
Published: October 2018

Two layers of epoxy reinforced with nano- Zinc Tetanet (ZnTiO3) uniform thin films have been prepared using a spin coating technique on glass floors, dispersion and magnetic stirring techniques are used to prepare the nanocomposites, FTIR was employed to aid interpretation of results with a fixed thickness and proportions by weight (0Wt%,1Wt%,2Wt%,3Wt%,4Wt%) ZnTiO3additives.The optical characteristics were studied by measuring the transmittance and absorbance spectrometry as a function of the wavelength (200-1100) nanometers. The results of the transmittance were very high, and high transparency in infrared (IR) radiation was measured by the FTIR and UV-VIS measurements. The optical properties included the calculations of the energy gap; some optical constants were also carried out, which included absorption coefficient making it  Suitable for applications of solar cells
The effect of hyaluronic acid gel on preventing post-surgical adhesions after laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Yildiz Alp
Published: October 2018

Intraperitoneal adhesions are an important cause of postoperative intestinal obstruction, abdominal discomfort, and infertility. Despite careful attention to minimize tissue trauma and ensure hemostasis, pelvic surgery is associated with both de novo adhesion formation and reformation. In this study our aim is to investigate the efficacy of hyaluronic acid gel on preventing/healing postoperative adhesions.

      124 women on reproductive age who underwent emergency laparoscopic surgery (appendicitis, gynecologic emergencies, trauma, hernias )  included in this retrospective study. 28 of these patients underwent second-look surgery in 14-30 days. 17 of patients were applied hyaluronic acid gel on the initial surgery (Group-1) and 11 of patients were not appiled (Group-2).

     There were no signiﬁcant differences between the two groups for age and weight. The operating time was similar in the two groups. At follow-up, a signiﬁcantly (p<0.01) lower rate of postsurgical adhesions was observed in Group-1  in comparison with Group-2. The median rate of adhesions was signiﬁcantly (p<0.05) lower in patients treated with hyaluronic acid in respect to the group  who treated surgery alone.

     This study showed that hyaluronic acid treatment after laparospopy/laparotomy is a significantly effective and very cost-effective option for prevention and treatment of postoperative adhesions. We believe it is very important of usage hyaluronic acid especially on reproductive age women population in order to prevent the worsening effect of postsurgical adhesion on fertility.
Uma Revisão das Estratégias de Redução de Ondulações de Conjugado no Motor de Relutância Chaveado
Authors: Henriques Luís Oscar A. P. , Rolim Luís Guilherme B. , Suemitsu Walter I. , Branco Paulo J. Costa
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo é apresentada uma revisão das técnicas mais importantes para a redução de oscilações de conjugado no motor de relutância chaveado. Propõese também uma nova técnica para a minimização das ondulações de conjugado, baseada em técnicas de controle “neuro-fuzzy”. É feita uma análise crítica das vantagens e desvantagens dos métodos apresentados, para compará-los com a técnica proposta.
Controle de Velocidade Sem Sensor Mecânico de uma Máquina Assíncrona Utilizando a Estratégia de Controle DTC
Authors: Salvadori Fabiano , Leandro Gideon V. , Lima Antonio M.N. , Jacobina Cursino B.
Published: October 2018

O controle direto de conjugado - (Direct Torque Control - DTC) é uma alternativa para o controle de fluxo e conjugado de máquinas elétricas, pois alia robustez com simplicidade de implementação. Esta estratégia utiliza o vetor fluxo estatórico para controlar a magnetização da máquina e o escorregamento para controlar o conjugado eletromagnético. Além disso a implementação do DTC é relativamente independente dos parâmetros rotóricos da máquina, funciona sem sensor mecânico de velocidade ou posição e permite controlar a tens~ao aplicada na máquina diretamente sem a necessidade de uma malha intermediários de controle de corrente. Neste trabalho é proposto o controle de velocidade, sem sensor mecânico, em acionamentos com máquinas assíncronas utilizando a estratégia DTC. A velocidade é estimada utilizando- se a freqüência angular de escorregamento e a freqüência angular síncrona do vetor fluxo estatórico na saída da malha de controle de conjugado. Resultados de simulações e experimentais são apresentados e discutidos.
Simulações e Testes de Sensibilidade de Acionamentos a Velocidade Variável Frente a Afundamentos de Tensão
Authors: Cunha Carla César Martins , Silva Selênio Rocha
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho avalia a suportabilidade de dois acionamentos a velocidade variável (ASD´s) trifásicos, de baixa potência (220/230V - 5kVA e 230V - 2,2kW), frente a afundamentos de tensão oriundos de faltas trifásicas equilibradas e desequilibradas, através simulações e de uma montagem experimental para levantamento das referidas curvas de sensibilidade, conforme normas vigentes. Assim, procura-se verificar os resultados até então apresentados na literatura internacional, mas pouco explorados experimentalmente com equipamentos comercializados no Brasil, cujas informações inexistem nos catálogos dos referidos equipamentos.
Sistemas de Acionamento de Máquinas com Estratégias de Controle Tolerante a Faltas
Authors: Ribeiro Ricardo L. A. , Jacobina Cursino B. , Lima Antônio Marcus N. , Silva Edison Roberto C. da
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho apresenta a integração completa dos procedimentos de detecção, isolação e compensação de faltas, na composição de dois sistemas de acionamento de máquinas com estratégias de controle tolerante a faltas. Essas estratégias podem compensar as faltas de circuito-aberto e de curto-circuito ocorridas nas chaves de potência do inversor de tensão. A compensação da condição de falta é obtida através da reconfiguração do circuito do inversor, utilizando-se chaves auxiliares e fusíveis semicondutores rápidos. Esses dispositivos são utilizados para definição do circuito do inversor na condição de pós-falta. A utilização desses procedimentos permite a continuidade de operação do inversor após a isolação da chave com defeito do inversor de tensão. As estratégias de tolerância a faltas foram validadas através de resultados experimentais.
Projeto do Reator Eletrônico Auto-Oscilante
Authors: Seidel Álysson R. , Bisogno Fábio E. , Pavão Rafael K. , Prado Ricardo N. do
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo é apresentada a análise e o projeto do circuito de comando auto-oscilante empregado em reatores eletrônicos. O reator eletrônico autooscilante é representado por um sistema de controle do tipo relé. Para análise e projeto, são utilizados o método da função descritiva e o critério estendido de estabilidade de Nyquist, dos quais obtêm-se as equações de projeto do mesmo. Resultados de simulação e experimentais para um reator eletrônico de 40 W são apresentados para demonstrar sua performance e validar a análise feita.
Metodologia de Projeto para o Filtro Ressonante LCC de Reatores Eletrônicos com Controle de Luminosidade para Lâmpadas Fluorescentes
Authors: Wakabayashi Fabio Toshiaki , Canesin Carlos Alberto
Published: October 2018

Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia de projeto melhorada para a determinação dos parâmetros usados no clássico filtro ressonante série-paralelo (SPLR, Series-Parallel Loaded Resonant), baseada no modelo estático da lâmpada fluorescente, destinada à operação de reatores eletrônicos com controle de luminosidade através da variação da freqüência de comutação. De acordo com a análise desenvolvida neste trabalho, tornase possível analisar a evolução de alguns parâmetros do filtro ressonante, durante o processo de controle de luminosidade, tais como: faixa de variação da freqüência de comutação, valor eficaz e fase da corrente drenada pelo conjunto filtro ressonante / lâmpada fluorescente. Resultados comparativos teóricos e experimentais são apresentados para validarem a metodologia de projeto proposta.
Um Conversor Cuk Utilizando Uma Única Chave Ativa Com Chaveamento Suave
Authors: Barbosa Lúcio dos Reis , Pereira Adriano Alves , Cezar Alceu Tarcisio
Published: October 2018

Este artigo apresenta uma nova topologia de um conversor Cuk, juntamente com um snubber não dissipativo para prover a comutação suave. O circuito proposto tem apenas uma chave ativa e funciona com modulação por largura de pulso (PWM). A comutação não dissipativa é conseguida através da inclusão de uma rede ressonante composta por um indutor, um capacitor e dois diodos. O interruptor autocomutado é colocado em condução com corrente nula, caracterizando o chaveamento por corrente nula (ZCS) e é bloqueado com tensão nula, caracterizando o chaveamento por tensão nula (ZVS). Como a transição de corrente durante a entrada em condução e a transição de tensão durante o bloqueio da chave não são abruptas, uma redução dos níveis da interferência eletromagnética torna-se previsível. Uma das principais vantagens deste conversor é que o circuito de ajuda à comutação não possui uma chave auxiliar, ou seja, a comutação suave é conseguida somente com componentes passivos. Adicionalmente o conversor pode funcionar com alto rendimento para uma ampla faixa de carga e em altas freqüências de chaveamento. Para ilustrar o princípio de funcionamento deste conversor, um estudo detalhado, incluindo simulações, é mostrado. A validade deste conversor é garantida pelos resultados experimentais obtidos.
Association Of An Interleaved Boost-flyback Converter And A Full Bridge Converter In A Soft-switching High Power Factor Power Supply
Authors: Gallo Carlos A. , Tofoli Fernando L. , Pinto João A. Corrêa , Coelho Ernane A. A. , Freitas Luiz C. , Freitas Valdeir J. , Jr. João Batista Vieira
Published: October 2018

This work presents the analysis of a high power factor power supply operating at high switching frequency. An almost unity input power factor is obtained when an interleaved Boost-Flyback converter associated with a nondissipative snubber is used as a preregulator stage. A Full-Bridge converter is used as DC-DC stage, as the combination of both topologies results in the proposed SMPS. Theoretical background on each one of the converters is presented, and analytical results on the proposal are discussed in order to validate the proposal.
Laboratory Supported Lectures on Modeling: Transformer Case
Authors: Machado Vinicius Negri , Martinz Fernando Ortiz , Komatsu Wilson , Matakas Junior Lourenco
Published: October 2018

The modeling process of a component or system consists of several steps, which are rarely entirely covered in undergraduate courses. Moreover, theoretical and laboratory lectures focus on different stages on modeling, and are commonly taught at different periods, which may negatively affect the learning process. Thus, this paper proposes a set of lectures that mixes theory and experiments, taught in an experimental laboratory, and which address all steps of modeling process. The case study is a single-phase transformer, where from a conceptual (electromagnetic) model, physical (electrical) models are developed up to a model capable of representing more complex phenomena such as inrush currents and magnetizing inductance saturation. Increasingly detailed theoretical modeling, using simulation tools and experimental measurements, guides the student in this process. It is shown that models can be improved at the expense of deeper understanding of the involved phenomena, and of more complex theoretical and experimental strategies to validate them. Moreover, this paper demonstrates that modeling complexity is only necessary up to a point which explains adequately the experimental results. Finally, the paper presents the perception of the students on the lectures, indicating that this teaching methodology can be adequate for other courses on system modeling.
Modified Sepic ZVRT Converter With Serial Magnetic Coupling and Voltage Multiplier Cell
Authors: Kravetz Fabio Inocencio , Gules Roger
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a high voltage gain dc-dc converter operating with soft switching, high switching frequency, and reduced voltage stress in all semiconductors, which is suitable for applications as renewable energy sources. The proposed topology uses the coupled inductor and voltage multiplier cell techniques to obtain high voltage gain. The switch turn-on and turn-off occur with zero voltage switching (ZVS). The soft-switching range is independent of the load and is maintained from nominal output power to light load operation with reduced conduction losses. The theoretical analysis and experimental results of a prototype with 94.55% efficiency at nominal output power (200 W) operating with voltage gain equal to 15 times are presented in this paper.
Methodology for BESS Design Assisted by Choice Matrix Approach
Authors: De Barros Rodrigo Cassio , Amorim William Caires Silva , Boaventura Wallace do Couto , Cupertino Allan Fagner , Mendes Victor Flores , Pereira Heverton Augusto
Published: October 2018

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) can provide several ancillary services to renewable energy-dominated power systems. However, the choice of the battery employed in the projects is not a straightforward task, since there are several criteria that should be taken into account. Thus, six criteria are considered in this work: the system dc-link voltage, battery lifetime, battery bank volume, battery bank power losses, battery bank price and storage capacity index. The last criterion is related to the BESS energy storage capacity during one-year mission profile operation, which depends on the battery selected for the project. The Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is used to choose the best battery based on the relative importance between the Operational Expenditure (OPEX) and Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) concepts. The methodology proposed in this work was applied to 27 batteries composed by lead-acid and Li-ion batteries aiming to select the best solution for a Photovoltaic (PV) system with storage energy based on the peak shaving operation mode. Considering the CAPEX with more relative importance, a lead-acid battery bank was found to be the best solution. On the other hand, when the OPEX is considered more important, a Li-ion battery bank was selected as the best solution.
Methodology to Define an Overall Efficiency of Photovoltaic Inverters Considering Static and Dynamic Tests
Authors: Figueira Henrique Horst , Scherer Fernando S. , Bortolini Ricardo J. F. , Bellinaso Lucas Vizzotto , Michels Leandro
Published: October 2018

Efficiency indices for inverters have been developed with the increasing adoption of photovoltaic (PV) systems. The European and Californian efficiencies are widely recognized, focusing on static inverter operation. Standards such as EN50530 and IEC 62891 introduced dynamic efficiency tests considering irradiance variations, but without a methodology to weigh the efficiencies within a single index. To address this gap, our study proposes a methodology to define an overall efficiency considering both static and dynamic inverter operation. Irradiance data with sub-minute sampling is classified into irradiance and irradiance derivative ranges. Then, weights for static and dynamic efficiency tests are obtained, and less significant ones are discarded. The results were applied to three PV inverters tested in the laboratory. By eliminating the less significant tests, the number of dynamic tests was reduced from 30 to 10. In two of the inverters, the inclusion of dynamic tests resulted in a 2\% reduction in overall efficiency compared to the static. An overall efficiency index is relevant for better comparing different PV inverters, especially when considering dynamic behaviors. This index may be significant for the PV market, governmental energy efficiency programs, and inverter manufacturers, providing guidelines to enhance the efficiency of their products.
Soğuk Savaş’a Geçiş Sürecinde Akşam’ın Penceresinden Türk Denizciliği (1945-1950)
Authors: MALKOÇ Eminalp
Published: October 2018

İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın ardından siyasal yapı, galiplerin çekişmesine bağlı olarak birkaç yıla kalmadan iki kutuplu dünya düzeninin ekseni üzerinde şekillenmiştir. Soğuk Savaş adını taşıyacak bu sürece girilirken denizcilik gibi alanlar birçok farklı yönden Türk basınının ilgi odakları içinde yer almıştır. Akşam gazetesinin denizcilik alanındaki yayınları, tarihsel, askeri, ekonomik, kurumsal ve benzeri yönleri kapsayacak şekilde geniş bir yelpaze oluşturmaktadır. Böyle yayınlar genellikle Abidin Daver, Haluk Y. Şehsuvaroğlu, Cemalettin Bildik gibi dönemin seçkin gazetecileri ile Naci Ark gibi tanınmış mühendislerin imzalarını taşımıştır. Yazıları ve yazarları kanalıyla denizcilik alanında ulusal bir yapıyı savunan Akşam, doğaldır ki bu yönde bir toplumsal bilinç oluşturma çabası da sergilemiştir. Denizcilik açısından üretici bir kimlik altında gelişim sağlama vizyonunu içeren böyle çalışma ya da yaklaşımlar, bir Akdeniz ülkesi olan ve üç tarafı denizlerle çevrili Türkiye’de toplumun denizciliği özümseyip özümseyemediği, bu alandaki ilgi, donanım ve bilgisinin belirlenmesi açısından da kuşkusuz kayda değer bir önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, savaştan sonra dünyanın Soğuk Savaş’a sürüklendiği ve Türkiye’nin çok partili hayata giden bir dönüşümü yaşadığı süreçte, Akşam gazetesi üzerinden içerik açısından benzer yazılardan örnekler seçilmek suretiyle Türkiye’de denizciliğe yönelik yaklaşımı ve nasıl bir toplumsal algının varolduğunu özellikle 1947-1950 aralığına odaklanarak tarihsel bir bakış açısıyla incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
İlk Şehirler ve Yazılı Medeniyete Geçiş
Authors: IŞIK Adem
Published: October 2018

Yazı ilk defa MÖ
4. bin yılın sonlarında Mezopotamya’da ortaya çıkmıştır. Resim yazısı ile
başlamış zamanla ideografik yazı şekli ortaya çıkmıştır. İlk olarak çivi yazısı
sistemi ile ve Sümerce olarak başlamıştır. İnsanoğlu kentleri kurmadan önce Neolitik
dönem ile yerleşik hayata geçmiştir. Güneydoğu Toroslar’ın eteklerinde, ilk köy
yerleşimleri kurulmuştur. Ardından ilk kentler MÖ 4000’li yılların sonlarına doğru Güney
Mezopotamya’da ortaya çıkmıştır. Sümerler tarafından kurulduğu kabul edilen ilk
kentler, aynı zaman da siyasal olarak birer kent devletiydi. Site adı verilen,
bu kent devletlerine Ur, Uruk, Eridu, Lagaş, Kiş ve Larsa gibi devletleri örnek
verebiliriz. Harran, Babil, Kudüs ilk büyük kent örneklerini oluşturur. Mezopotamya’da
hukuk ve kanun yazma geleneği Sümerler ile başlamıştır. Bu gelenek ve kanun
yazma tekniği zamanla Mezopotamya’da yaşamış olan tüm toplumları
etkilemiştir.  Urukagina
Kanunları, bilinen ilk
Sümerce hukuk metnidir. Hammurabi Yasaları ise MÖ 1760 yıllarında
Mezopotamya’da ortaya çıkan tarihin en eski ve en iyi bir şekilde korunmuş
yazılı kanunları arasındadır. Bu dönemden önce ortaya çıkan yasa koleksiyonları
arasında Ur kralı Ur-Namnu’nun kanun kitabı (MÖ 2050), Eşnunna tarafından
oluşturulan kanun kitabı (MÖ 1930) ve İsin’li Lipit-İştar’ın kanun kitabı (MÖ
1870) bulunmaktadır. Yazının bulunması uygarlığın, bugün geldiği noktaya
ulaşmasında atılmış en önemli adımdır.