bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aksesibilitas media online pada Masyarakat Pedesaan di Kecamatan Bua Kabupaten Luwu
Authors: Makmur Muhammad Ardiansyah
Published: February 2024

Aksesibilitas Media Online Pada Masyarakat Pedesaan di Kecamatan Bua Kabupaten Luwu. Perkembangan informasi melalui media online terjadi sangat pesat diperlukan peningkatan aksesibiltas dan literasi kepada masyarakat pedesaan untuk peningkatan kualitas hidup dan taraf ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelompok masyarakat dengan pendekatan teori Davis TAM (technology acceptance model)  (1) persepsi kemanfaatan (perceived usefulness) dan (2) persepsi kemudahan (perceived ease of use) mengakses media online. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pertanyaan terbuka yang dilaksanakan pada 2 Desa, Desa Lengkong dan Desa Karang-karangan di Kecamatan Bua Kabupaten Luwu. Pemilihan kedua Desa ini karena masih dalam status sebagai Desa berkembang, sampel yang digunakan sebesar 357 responden dengan teknik stratefied sampling menggunakan rumus Morgan & Krecie. Analisis data yang digunakan peneliti dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data statistik deskriptif serta menggunakan program SPSS (Statistical Programme for Social Studies) dan Microsoft Excel 2016. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan persepsi kemanfaatan dominan oleh kelompok Aparatur sipil Negara dengan 91% dan  persepsi kemudahan  oleh kelompok pelajar dengan 82% . Media Online accessibility among Communities in 2 Villages in Bua District Luwu Regency. The development of information through online media occurs very quickly, it is necessary to increase accessibility and literacy to rural communities to improve the quality of life and economic standard of rural communities. This study aims to analyze community groups using the Davis TAM theory approach (technology acceptance model) (1) perceived usefulness and (2) perceived ease of use in accessing online media. This research method uses quantitative methods with open-ended questions which are carried out in 2 villages, Lengkong Village and Karang-Karangan Village in Bua District, Luwu Regency. The selection of these two villages is still in the status of developing villages. The sample used is 357 respondents with a stratified sampling technique using the Morgan & Krecie formula. The data analysis used by the researchers in this study used descriptive statistical data and the SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Studies) program and Microsoft Excel 2016. The results showed the dominant perception of usefulness by the State Civil Apparatus group with 91% and the perception of convenience by the student group with 82%.
Cobalt recovery technologies from spent Li-ion batteries
Authors:   Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, POLYTECHNIC University of Bucharest, 313 Spl. Independenței, Bucharest, Romania, BRATOSIN IONUT , GHICA VALERIU-GABRIEL ,   Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, POLYTECHNIC University of Bucharest, 313 Spl. Independenței, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2024

Demand for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) ramped up lately (2018-2022). Electrical vehicle (EV) industry becomes mature and conventional vehicles featuring thermal combustion engines will be gradually replaced. The evolution of Li-ion cell technology allowed decreasing manufacturing costs. Technical innovations within the sector consist in substituting liquid electrolytes with solid state ones, improving driving range, enhanced safety and faster charging times. The European Union strategy regarding batteries is focused on creating a sustainable, competitive and innovative ecosystem for reducing greenhouse gases. The European market share in Li-ion batteries worldwide production is 3% (Asia leads with 85%). In order to prevent technological dependence on fierce Asian competition and to capitalize on the economic potential that this opportunity represents, The European Union launched the "European Battery Alliance" in October 2017, with a view to stimulating cooperation between the industries of the old continent and building Liion battery production gigafactories. In Romania there are initiatives in the development of this sector, with investments that have mobilized public and private capital. In June 2023, the Romanian-Belgian Romvolt project was launched in Galați city, a production and recycling facility of Li-ion batteries with a total capacity of 22 GW. The paper presents the research undertaken for the recovery of cathodic paste with high content of cobalt (Co) from spent LIBs, by ultrasonography in lactic acid solution (C3H6O3). The hydrometallurgical method uses a non-polluting organic (lactic) acid. The working technique, the results obtained and the investigations carried out on the recovered materials are presented (analysis of optical and electron microscopy, EDX, X-ray diffraction).
Nursing Care in Risk of Violent Behavior
Authors: Razuli M Fauzan , Rahayu Adisty
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze and design nursing care for two patients, who are at risk of violent behavior. Observations, interviews, and medical record documentation studies are data collection methods. Based on the research results, it is known that both patients have a high risk of violent behavior, especially related to a history of previous violence and underlying mental disorders. Initial assessment includes identification of potential triggers for violence, evaluation of level of coping, and assessment of social support. Risk of violent behavior is the patient's second nursing diagnosis. Treatment plans are implemented with a focus on violence prevention, involving collaboration with a multidisciplinary team, including medical personnel, and psychiatrists. Nursing interventions involve therapeutic approaches to improve coping, interpersonal skills training, and close monitoring for signs of violence. Periodic evaluations are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the treatment plan and identify changes in patient behavior. Discharge planning involves coordination with family and mental health services in the community to ensure continuity of care after discharge. The conclusion of this research is that nursing care for patients at risk of violent behavior requires a careful, proactive and collaborative approach. Implementing integrated violence prevention strategies and close monitoring can help reduce the risk of violent incidents.
Non-human primates in preclinical development of monoclonal antibodies
Authors:   Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”, Makarova M.N. , Makarov V.G.
Published: February 2024

The emergence of new biopharmaceuticals, including therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (MABs), required a revision of the preclinical development strategy. To provide human risk assessment data, preclinical in vivo efficacy and safety studies of biotechnology-derived pharmaceuticals should be conducted in pharmacologically relevant species. A relevant species is one in which the test material is pharmacologically active due to the expression of the epitope and is one which demonstrate a similar tissue cross-reactivity profile as for human tissues. Often, the only relevant species for preclinical safety assessment of therapeutic MABs are non-human primates (NHPs). If there are no other alternatives (homologous proteins, genetically modified animals), all measures should be taken to reduce the number of animals involved in preclinical studies in accordance with the 3Rs principle. There is not a single solution for therapeutic MABs preclinical development program. When planning research, a scientifically-based approach should always be applied, taking into account all available data. While NHPs are currently necessary to provide risk assessment data for many therapeutic MABs, the very characteristics of MABs biology such as high target specificity, predictable metabolic pathways, and low toxicity, also provide opportunities to minimize the use of NHPs in safety testing and to increase the efficiency of MABs development. The opportunities to adapt development program for MAB at low risk of toxicity include reducing the number of chronic studies, dose groups and recovery group animals. If rodents are also a pharmacologically relevant species, the use of NSPs may be reduced. The paper discusses examples of preclinical programs for therapeutic MABs and possible strategies aimed to minimize the number of NHPs during preclinical safety studies without compromising human safety.
Determination of the decalcification time of sternum, knee joint and nasal cavity specimens from mice, gerbils and hamsters
Authors:   Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”, Ustenko Zh.Yu. , Loseva E.A. , Savvateikina A.I.
Published: February 2024

Procedure of decalcification necessary for histology of bone tissue. Decalcification is the procedure of removing minerals from the bone organic matrix. Solutions of varying acids usually used as a decalcification solution. Whole bone or piece that had been cut out preliminary are can be sampled for decalcification. Study of a knee joint and nasal cavity specimens usually uses in preclinical research. Also, for the study of bone marrow, a sternum often is sampled. The cutting out of small piece often leads to the destruction of the sample, because of their small size. Thus, whole maxilla, whole sternum and knee joint to include femur, fibula and tibia are more often sampled for research. This article describe a time of decalcification above-mentioned specimen that were sampled from mice, gerbils and hamsters. Solutions of formic and hydrochloric acids were used as the decalcification solution. The decalcification solution were changed every other day. The severity of decalcifications and specimen readiness for histology procedure were evaluated by gravimetric method. We found that the trends in mass change and decalcification time change were the same for all animal types noted above. In none case, the absolute severity of decalcification was reached, within 10 days. However, the severity of decalcification of whole specimens of bone was sufficient to make a quality histological slide. All specimens achieved the sufficient severity of decalcification on 4th day. This period allows to evaluate the morphology of the respiratory and olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity, joint cartilage and bone marrow cells. The period of decalcification can be extended to 7 days, if anatomic and topographic features and them the best quality more important. The period of decalcification more 7 days leaded to irreversible change of cell morphology. Cells had poor detalization, cell nuclei were stained with hematoxiline badly, cell borders were unclear.
History of Laboratory Animal Husbandry: Experimental Laboratory Animals Breeding Station of the Petrograd Gubzdravotdel”/Leningrad Province Executive Committee of Workers”, Peasants” and Red Army Deputies” Council (1921–1924)
Authors:   Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Belozertseva I.V.
Published: February 2024

This article is an attempt to reconstruct, at least fragmentarily, the history of the first laboratory animal farm in Petrograd and the “topography” of the use of animals for scientific and medical purposes in the early 1920s (serum stations, laboratories in institutes and hospitals, researchers) on the basis of the surviving documents from Fund P-2732 of the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg. In the extracts cited, the spelling and punctuation of the original documents have been preserved. A few copies of documents of the Breeding Station are given.
Model of diet-induced experimental diabetes mellitus in laboratory gerbils and degus
Authors:   Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”, Khodko M.V. , Kryshen K.L. , Gaidai E.A.
Published: February 2024

According to the latest data from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the number of patients with diabetes has outpaced previously predicted growth rates and is expected to increase by 51% by 2045. Thus, the development and evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of hypoglycemic agents is an urgent task due to the high social significance of the problem. In preclinical studies there are many models of experimental diabetes mellitus in animals, both with the use of chemical inducers that cause damage to the islet apparatus of the pancreas, and with the use of diets. Accor­ding to the literature data, gerbils and degus are prone to hyperglycemia and insulin resistance when fed on standard laboratory diets, which are relatively high in calories compared to the food obtained by these animals in their natural habitat. Due to this feature the experimental induction of diabetes mellitus in these animal species can be modeled only through the use of a high-calorie diet. The purpose of this study was to test this hypothesis. Male and female gerbils of two age categories (14–20 and 40–41 weeks), as well as male and female degus, whose age was 65–70 weeks, were used as experimental animals. During the experiment the following indicators were evaluated: the concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, urea in blood plasma, the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase type 4 (DPP-4) and the parameters of the glucose tolerance test. Based on the totality of all experimental data a state close to pre-diabetic was established in male and female degus fed on a high-carbohydrate diet. This conclusion was made due to an increase in the activity of the DPP-4 enzyme and the presence of glucose tolerance by the 12th week of the experiment. The induction of experimental diabetes mellitus or latent diabetes mellitus using high-calorie diets failed in the majority of experimental animals (gerbils and degus) regardless of age. The obtained results are suggestive of the motivation for the use of these experimental models for the creation of experimental diabetes.
Characteristics of the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma model and prospects of its application in experimental pharmacology of veterinary drugs
Authors:   FSBSI “All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy”, Vostroilova G.A. , Khokhlova N.A. , Shabanov D.I. , Mikhaylov E.V. , Korchagina A.A. , Shabunin B.V. , Nekrasov A.V.
Published: February 2024

The article provides an overview of the most significant works of domestic and foreign authors devoted to the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma biological model. The analysis of the available literary sources showed that despite the long history of the existence of this model and its application in biomedical research, it has not yet become widespread in veterinary medicine. It should be noted that the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma model has a number of peculiarities that allow it to be used for the needs of veterinary medicine, in particular, experimental pharmacology at the stage of drug design and its preclinical testing. The high resistance of malignant cells and tumor survival in experimental animals, as well as the ease of its cultivation and relatively rapid tumor growth, make this model a convenient biological object for research. The effect of tumor cells on the body of the animal with a tumor leads to a change in a number of biochemical indicators of various tissues and organs, and a general toxic effect. In this case, an imbalance of the free-radical and antioxidant systems is observed, the body is exposed to oxidative stress. The immune system under the effect of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma also undergoes a number of changes. Thus, in response to the development of tumor-induced pathological processes, recruitment of immunocompetent cells and an antitumor immune response are observed, which at the same time is suppressed as carcinoma cells grow under the action of immunosuppressive physiologically active compounds produced by the tumor, escape of tumor cells from immunological surveillance and remodelling of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. These processes lead to suppression of the immune system and as a result to the death of animals. These peculiarities make it possible to use the Ehrlich transplantable ascites carcinoma model for testing new veterinary drugs with potential antiblastoma, immunomodulatory, antitoxic properties, as well as medicinal formulations for restoring biochemical indicators and redox homeostasis under conditions of tumor-induced immunosuppression and chronic inflammatory process, and also to study the mechanisms of cell adaptation, including the immune system, under the action of carcinogenesis factors.
Dogs in preclinical research
Authors:   Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”, Makarova M.N. , Makarov V.G.
Published: February 2024

According to local and international regulatory documents, in addition to rodent second non-rodent species are required to provide sufficient toxicological data. The most commonly the Beagle dog is used as the second non-rodent species. The wide use of Beagle dogs has become possible due to a number of advantages of this breed: medium size, balanced temperament, friendliness, relative ease of handling. Recently, the use of dogs in preclinical studies has been declining for humanitarian reasons. If there is no alternative to the use of dogs, every effort must be made to implement the principles of the 3Rs in experimental practice. Reducing the number of animals in the experiment can be achieved through the use of combined experimental designs, when additional parameters (safety pharmacology, immunotoxicity, reproductive toxi­city, pharmacokinetic) are included in the main toxicological study. Long-term toxicity studies (9 months) are required for drugs with planned long-term clinical use, while shorter studies (3 months, 6 months) may be needed to support the first phases of clinical studies. Instead of conducting several toxicity studies, one long-term study may be considered, without interim euthanasia (3 or 6 months of drug administration), but at these points the biomarkers are evaluated, the range of which is similar to those evaluated in clinical studies. During the long-term use of Beagles in biomedical research, data on the physiology, biochemistry, and morphology of this breed have been accumulated. The use of the available literature data as well as the available laboratory historical data also makes it possible to reduce the number of animals in the experiment, for example by reducing the number of animals in the control groups and in the recovery groups. Preliminary analysis of the available scientific data on the test compound or on analogous compounds may lead to the reduction of animals in the experiment without compromising the clinical safety. In addition, due to the scientifically based approach and careful design of the experiment, euthanasia of all animals in the experiment can be avoided. Laboratory dogs are often rehomed nowadays into private households after their use in research.
Variability of blood biochemical parameters and establishment of reference intervals in preclinical studies. Part 11: dogs
Authors:   Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”, Miroshnikov M.V. , Sultanova K.T.
Published: February 2024

Dogs are a common in vivo test system in preclinical studies due to the relatively large body size sufficient for surgical manipulations, as well as the pathophysiology of various diseases similar to humans. A separate point of application of the animal species in question in preclinical studies is the study and therapy of oncological diseases. The aim of the work was to create its own database of reference intervals of biochemical blood parameters of Beagle dogs. These norms are necessary in preclinical studies when asses­sing the state of animal health, monitoring the formed pathological model, as well as checking the safety of the studied drugs. Biological samples used for the formation of reference intervals were obtained from intact animals in research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”. All manipulations and experiments carried out were approved by the bioethical commission. The study included 56 males and 48 females. The age of the animals corresponded to the range of 10–18 months, the body weight of females was 7–11 kg, and males 8–14 kg. In order to implement a uniform approach when creating reference intervals, all manipulations were carried out under the same conditions. For the study, blood was used, which was taken from the lateral subcutaneous vein of the leg of the studied animals on an empty stomach, without sedation and anesthesia. The following parameters were recorded in the blood serum of animals: creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, glucose, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin, the albumin-globulin coefficient was calculated. Statistical outliers were estimated using the Tukey method, the type of distribution was determined using the Shapiro—Wilk criterion, paired comparisons between animals of different sexes were carried out using the Mann—Whitney U-test and the Student t-test. The obtained ranges of values of males and females correlated with each other for all the considered indicators, no statistical difference was revealed. When comparing the obtained intervals with the reference ranges of dogs from other literature sources, it was shown that, in general, the ranges of the considered indicators are similar, but there are also differences that can be explained by a wide list of factors. These include the image of keeping animals, as well as the preanalytical and analytical stages of the study. A comparative analysis of the interindividual variability of the biochemical parameters of the blood of dogs and humans showed the presence of some species differences that need to be taken into account in experimental activities.
Technique of dissection and extracting organs of laboratory animals. Message 7: dogs, cats
Authors:   Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”, Loseva E.A. , Savvateikina A.I. , Ustenko Zh.Yu. , Belyaevа E.V. , Guschin Ya.A.
Published: February 2024

Necropsy and subsequent histological examination of organs and tissues are one of the main methods of studying toxicity necessary for an adequate assessment of the results of preclinical studies. In view of this, there is a need to develop a certain order of necropsy, ensuring the repeatability of the manipulations performed from stage to stage and from experiment to experiment, as well as allowing organs to be extracted in the required composition, preserving their integrity suitable for histological examination, and optimally using working time. The purpose of this work is to describe methodology for necropsy and extracting organs of dogs (using the example of the beagle breed) and cats, applicable in preclinical studies. Dogs are used to evaluate the pharmacological safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of tested drugs. They also serve as a model for studying epilepsy, osteoarthritis and other pathologies. Cats are used in the study of some infectious, ophthalmological diseases and for conducting a number of studies to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug being tested. Both types of animals are susceptible to spontaneous diseases and are used in cardiological research, in the study of metabolic diseases (in particular, diabetes), in comparative oncology. Animals are used as a model of inflammatory diseases, in biomedical research (as sources of stem cells). The article describes the methodology step by step from the procedure of preparation for necropsy, external examination, to the sequential opening of cavities and body parts for the extraction of organs. All methods of organ extraction, as well as the sequence of actions described in this article, ensure the reproducibility of the stages of necropsy, the extraction of organs in the required composition while maintaining their integrity suitable for further histological examination, minimizing their damage, optimizing the workflow.
Variability of blood biochemical parameters and establishment of reference intervals in preclinical studies. Part 12: the common marmoset
Authors:   Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”, Miroshnikov M.V. , Sultanova K.T. , Kovaleva M.A.
Published: February 2024

The common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) is currently widely used in preclinical studies. These animals are used in preclinical studies aimed at studying pathological conditions associated with the central nervous system, the immune response, the study of infectious and viral diseases, as well as metabolic disorders. The wide involvement of common marmosets in preclinical studies indicates the need for control and periodic monitoring of health. The aim of this study was to establish reference intervals of biochemical blood parameters of healthy mature common marmosets, which can be used as the basic values of animals in preclinical studies. The data obtained from 24 males and 24 females were analyzed. The age of males and females of common marmosets was 12 months, the average body weight was 350 g. Determination of biochemical parameters of all animals was carried out under the same conditions using generally accepted analytical methods. For the study, blood was used, which was taken from the lateral vena of the hind paw of animals. The following parameters were recorded in the blood serum of animals: creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, glucose, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin. The obtained values were analyzed with other reference intervals found in the scientific literature. In general, the ranges of the conside­red indicators of both males and females were similar, but there were also differences. Thus, the upper limits of the calculated reference intervals of urea, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, creatine kinase and triglycerides were lower than similar literary values. According to such obtained ranges of values as total protein, albumin, glucose and lactate dehydrogenase, both similar and higher literary values were found. Differences in the obtained intervals of normal values with similar ranges from other publications may be associated with preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical features of the formulation of the analysis. Seasonality, conditions of keeping and nutrition of the marmosets are also important factors. That is why a serious aspect in preclinical research is the creation of reference intervals of healthy laboratory animals in each scientific center. The obtained intervals can help to avoid erroneous conclusions in the course of studying the safety of new therapeutic agents or modeling a pathological state.
Analysis of the neutrophils role in the development of inflammation in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors:   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Semenkova G.N. ,   Belarusian State University, Adzerikho I.E. , Amaegberi N.V. , Vladimirskaja T.E. , Yatsevich O.N.
Published: February 2024

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a clinical syndrome with dismal outcome. This disease is associated with endothelial dysfunction or damage, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and increased vascular resistance and pulmonary artery blood pressure. All this provokes right ventricular failure and pulmonary edema, which leads to premature death of patients. PAH is accompanied by the inflammatory process deve­lopment, one of the main causes of which is the increased production of reactive oxygen and chlorine species by stimulated neutrophils. The purpose of our study was to study the role of these cells in the oxidative stress formation in experimental model of PAH. The studies were conducted on outbred white rats. Modeling of PAH was carried out by subcutaneous administration of a monocrotaline solution at a dose of 60 mg/kg. The control group consisted of 10 healthy animals. After monocrotaline injection, PAH animals were divided into 4 groups: 10 rats in the 2-week group, 10 rats in the 4-week group, 14 rats in the 6-week group, and 20 rats in the 8-week group. After collecting peripheral blood and isolating neutrophils, reactive oxygen and chlorine species production, secretory degranulation and the unbound calcium ions concentration in the cytosol were determined using spectral analysis methods. The results were compared with corresponding data obtained for 10 healthy animals. It has been established that the development of PAH in rats over 8 weeks is accompanied by neutrophil priming and oxidative stress formation as a result of “respiratory burst” mechanisms modification. Changes in reactive oxygen and chlorine species production, disruption of Ca2+-dependent intracellular signaling involving cyclooxygenase 1/2 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and increased secretion of myeloperoxidase from neutrophils were revealed.
The effects of 1-methyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine on biochemical parameters of blood serum and monoamine metabolism in the brain of mice
Authors:   North-western state medical university named after I.I. MECHNIKOV, Klimenko D.I. ,   Golikov Research Center of Toxicology,   FSBSI “Institute of Experimental Medicine”, Department of Neuropharmacology named after S.V. Anichkov, Krasnov K.A. , Evteeva D.A. , Ostrovidova E.V. , Matveeva E.V. , Popov A.S. , Evdokimova N.R. , Bychkov E.R. , Karpova I.V.
Published: February 2024

Changes in biochemical parameters of blood serum and monoamine metabolism in the brain were studied on male white outbred mice subjected to intraperitoneal injections of 1-methyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP-F). The levels of norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and their metabolites — dioxyphenylacetic, homovanilinic and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acids — were neasured by HPLC in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, olfactory tubercle and striatum of the right and left sides of the brain. The treatement with MPTP-F did not lead to significant changes in the biochemical parameters of blood serum. An increase in the norepinephrine concentration a decrease in the dopamine level in the right striatum were found in animals treated with MPTP-F. No changes were detected in other studied brain areas. It has been suggested that the effect of the neurotoxin MPTP-F is determined by several factors, i. e. the lipophilic properties of the molecule, the quantitative distribution of dopamine neurons between right and left sides of the brain, differences in the linear velocity of blood flow through the right and left carotid arteries and the state of the blood-brain barrier. The results obtained may indicate the prospects of using MPTP-F for modeling the early stage of Parkinson’s disease.
Content of total bile acids in blood and bile of laboratory animals
Authors:   Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”, Simonova E.V. , Sultanova K.T. , Faustova N.M. , Romanenko A.Yu.
Published: February 2024

In the human or animal organism, bile acids influence the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and participate in the process of emulsification of food lipids, cholesterol, and fat-soluble vitamins in the intestinal lumen. Most frequently the change in level and composition of lipid acids is associated with pathologies of the hepatobi­liary system. When researching the pharmacodynamic activity of some medications on experimental models of pathology of the hepatobiliary system of laboratory animals, one of the rating parameters is the level of common bile acids in different biological materials. For the analysis and interpretation of the level of common bile acids, it is necessary to consider the species of the animal, the composition of the feed used and the fasting regime. It is also important to consider the kind of analyzed biological material and an array of other factors which are capable of influencing the defined index and the research results. This article provides data on the level of common bile acids in peripheric blood and in the bile of intact mature laboratory animals. A low level of common bile acids in the blood serum was recorded throughout the experiment in comparison to data received from the bile. The received results variate significantly in dependence on the animal species and the material analyzed. Individual values of bile acids in the blood of all animals did not extend beyond 48,7 µmol/l, while in the bile intervals were within the limits of 8,2 to 8710,7 mmol/l, in dependence on the animal species. Minimal bile acids’ values in blood, as the minimal ones in the bile, were recorded in ferrets: 0–0,6 µmol/l и 226–8711 mmol/l accordingly, which is most probably linked to the nourishment of carnivore mammals, at the same time the highest values were recorded in rabbits [24,4 (16,7; 34,5) µmol/l], which can also be linked with features of digestion of the herbivores. Values of bile acids in the bile of rodents were much lower in comparison with other species, the guinea pigs had the lowest boundaries of values — 19±2 mmol/l. The conducted analysis had discovered a high variety of the level of common bile acids in blood and bile of different animal species and in bounds of one species, which can complicate the interpretation of data while rating the influence of a medication. As a result of this, while planning a research linked with the definition of the level of common bile acids, augmentation of animal sampling is necessary as well as the planning and the controlling of uniformity of the selection of biological material.
Effect of Interaction of Flapping Hydrofoil Motion Parameters on Thrust Pulsation Performance
Authors: Q Y Cao  , Hou Lixun , Wang Zixuan , Chang Xin , Yin Linlin , Gao Nan , Chen Weiguan , J Q Zhu
Published: February 2024

This study presents a novel index to assess the thrust propulsion performance of flapping-hydrofoil, and identifies the order of priority of motion parameters that affect the thrust pulsation amplitude. The flapping motion is simulated using the Udf (user-defined motion) feature in the commercial software Fluent, and the impacts of three flapping motion parameters on flapping thrust are investigated by manipulating these parameters. The results of the numerical simulation indicate that there is a positive correlation between the heave amplitude and the thrust pulsation amplitude. Additionally, the thrust pulsation amplitude is interactively affected by the pitch amplitude, the phase difference between horizontal and heave motion, and the heave amplitude. The Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm is employed to fit the function that relates the thrust pulsation amplitude with the three motion parameters. The coefficients obtained from the fitting function indicate the impacts of the interaction effect, as well as the effect of each motion parameter on the pulsation amplitude.
Previsiones de ciudad: ensayo de recuperación urbanística de Ciudad Pachacútec en Ventanilla
Authors: Sihuenta Otiniano Jean Paul
Published: February 2024

Las actuaciones en asentamientos autoconstruidos pasarán por temas preminentes que corresponderán a definir cuestiones con la cualidad física de las ciudades. Mediante la selección de las diferentes previsiones que relacionan aspectos como la conectividad, el espacio público, servicios y equipamientos, se plantea el estudio de tres lecciones correlacionadas para la recuperación urbanística de este tipo de ciudades. La investigación se centra en Ciudad Pachacútec, ubicado en el distrito de Ventanilla, Perú. Con una variedad ecosistémica y con cambios demográficos y antrópicos significativos. Se enfoca en tres autores destacados en materias de vialidad, espacios abiertos y centralidades. Parte por una aproximación multiescalar y disciplinar del lugar. Posteriormente, se siguen los lineamientos para el análisis del sector y su contexto inmediato relacionados al enfoque teórico de los autores representados por los tres ensayos conectados. El estudio presenta una lectura de convergencia de los tres ensayos por medio de un esquema que representan las bases estructuradas y por etapas para su aplicación en contextos similares. Finalmente, se realiza una aproximación desde la aplicación de las bases en el caso de estudio para la recuperación urbanística o como punto de partida para el soporte de futuros criterios que definirán la maduración de estas ciudades.

The actions in self-built settlements will go through preeminent topics that will correspond to define issues with the physical quality of the cities. Through the selection of different forecasts that relate aspects such as connectivity, public space, services and equipment, the study of three correlated lessons for the urban recovery of this type of cities is proposed. The research focuses on Ciudad Pachacutec, located in the district of Ventanilla, Peru. With a variety of ecosystems and significant demographic and anthropic changes. It focuses on three prominent authors in the areas of roads, open spaces and centralities. It starts with a multiscale and disciplinary approach to the place. Subsequently, it follows the guidelines for the analysis of the sector and its immediate context related to the theoretical approach of the authors represented by the three connected essays. The study presents a reading of convergence of the three essays by means of a scheme that represents the structured and staged bases for their application in similar contexts. Finally, an approach is made from the application of the bases in the case study for urban recovery or as a starting point for the support of future criteria that will define the maturation of these cities.
Las parcelaciones de vivienda aislada en la Región Metropolitana de Barcelona: exposición de una tarea investigadora continuada
Authors: Florit Femenias Joan , Rincón Riquelme Ignasi
Published: February 2024

Entre el 25 de noviembre de 2021 y el 26 de febrero de 2022 permaneció abierta en el Ala Coderch de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Barcelona (ETSAB) la exposición titulada “Les parcel·lacions d’habitatge aïllat de la Regió Metropolitana de Barcelona: Una proposta des de l’ETSAB”, patrocinada por la Dirección de la ETSAB y realizada en el marco del Departament d’Urbanisme i Ordenació del Territori de la UPC. Fueron autores de su contenido quienes firman estas letras junto a la dirección del catedrático de Urbanística ETSAB, el profesor Ángel Martín Ramos. En dicha exposición, a lo largo de 31 paneles a todo color de tamaños generosos (véanse las fotografías adjuntas del conjunto de la exposición, Fig. 01 y Fig. 02), se presentaba el contenido de un volumen de sugerencias previamente presentado durante el período de exposición pública de los trabajos preparatorios del Pla Director Urbanístic del Área Metropolitana de Barcelona (AMB), adaptado al marco que ofrecía la iniciativa de una exposición abierta al público en el medio académico.
Biografía del Ilustre Isidro Sinesio Delgado García
Authors: González Freire José Manuel
Published: February 2024

Un importante acontecimiento de formación personal es conocer la vida y las obras de grandes hombres que nos han forjado un camino a seguir. Caminante si hay camino, es el de los grandes aportadores del pensamiento, del sentimiento, del conocimiento, del autor fructífero y real, que nos han legado verdaderamente una obra fecunda y visionera. Quién ha permitido esto es Isidro Sinesio Delgado García nacido el 12 de diciembre de 1859 en “Támara, un lugarejo de 90 vecinos del partido judicial de Astudillo en la provincia de Palencia”. Médico de profesión aunque no era su vocación. Luego estudiaría Derecho, y en especiales momentos intercambiaba con sus amigos, compañeros de tertulia, textos de poesía y artículos literarios y, a causa de lo anterior, en el año 1880 se conocía su primera composición poética. El año 1880 marca, entonces, la nueva proyección y perspectiva de su futuro.
Karakteristik Kimia dan Organoleptik Sabun Padat Dengan Penambahan Serbuk Daun Ketepeng Cina (Cassia alata L.)
Authors: Eko Rifkowaty Encik , Nopriyanti Marisa , Kholil Munawar , Novitasari Dhea , Septiana Emi
Published: February 2024

Bahan baku pembuatan sabun padat dalam penelitian ini adalah minyak kelapa yang kemudian ditambahkan dengan serbuk daun ketepeng. Tujuan dari penambahan serbuk daun ketepeng pada sabun untuk memudahkan pemanfaatan daun ketepeng sebagai obat kulit. Daun ketepeng memiliki khasiat mengobati penyakit kulit karena mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga variasi yaitu penambahan serbuk daun ketepeng sebanyak 2, 4, dan 6 gram. Karakteristik organoleptik yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah warna, aroma, jumlah busa, dan uji iritasi, sedangkan karakteritis kimia antara lain tingkat kekerasan, kadar air, pH, dan alkali bebas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa sabun padat dengan penambahan serbuk daun ketepeng memenuhi syarat mutu Standar Nasional Indonesia sabun mandi padat berdasarkan parameter kadar air, pH, dan alkali bebas, serta tidak menyebabkan iritasi. Pada paramater warna dan jumlah busa perlakuan 2 gram berbeda nyata dengan kedua perlakuan lainnya, sedangkan parameter aroma tidak terdapat beda nyata antar ketiga perlakuan.
Cerrahi Birimlerde Çalışan Hemşirelerin İş Yükünün Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi
Authors: Kızıl Toğaç Hülya , Yılmaz Emel
Published: February 2024

Amaç: Araştırma cerrahi birimlerde çalışan hemşirelerde iş yükünün yaşam kalitesine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.
Materyal ve Metot: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel türdeki bu araştırmaya Türkiye'nin batı bölgesindeki bir üniversite hastanesinin cerrahi birimlerinde çalışan 85 hemşire alındı. Araştırma verileri; kişisel bilgi formu, Aşırı İş Yükü Ölçeği ve SF-12 Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, student t testi, ANOVA ve pearson korelasyon analizi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin yaş ortalamasının 30.91±7.32 yıl, %69.4'ünün kadın ve %78.8'inin üniversite mezunu olduğu belirlendi. Hemşirelerin meslekte toplam çalışma süresinin 9.87±7.86 yıl, %56.5'inin servis hemşiresi olduğu, %68.2'sinin gündüz ve nöbet karışık çalıştığı ve %48.2'sinin işinden memnun olduğu saptandı. Katılımcıların Aşırı İş Yükü Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının 3.12±0.59, SF-12 fiziksel özet skorun 47.13±7.91 ve SF-12 mental özet skorun 37.17±10.54 olduğu belirlendi. Aşırı İş Yükü Ölçeği ile SF-12 fiziksel özet skor arasında negatif yönde zayıf, SF-12 mental özet skor arasında negatif yönde orta düzey ilişki belirlendi (p
Apărarea împotriva atacurilor cibernetice avansate
Authors:   Romanian Academy, Sfetcu Nicolae
Published: February 2024

În lumea de astăzi interconectată digital, amenințarea atacurilor cibernetice a devenit o preocupare esențială pentru indivizi, companii și guverne deopotrivă. Atacurile cibernetice reprezintă un risc semnificativ pentru confidențialitatea datelor, stabilitatea financiară, securitatea națională și chiar siguranța personală. Pe măsură ce sofisticarea și frecvența amenințărilor cibernetice continuă să crească, este imperativ să implementăm sisteme de apărare robuste pentru a ne proteja activele și infrastructura digitale. Tehnologia și metodele tradiționale de securitate sunt ineficiente în detectarea sau atenuarea atacurilor cibernetice. Acest eseu explorează diverse strategii și măsuri de apărare împotriva atacurilor cibernetice.
Pelatihan Public Speaking Bahasa Inggris untuk Menggali Potensi Siswa Baru melalui Program Guru Tamu pada SMKN 2 Kediri
Authors: Dewani Shinta Laura
Published: February 2024

Salah satu kompetensi penting dari siswa SMK sebagai sekolah berbasis keahlian adalah public speaking terutama dalam Bahasa Inggris. Kegiatan kegiatan dan pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan siswa dalam public speaking Bahasa Inggris dan menggali potensi siswa baru untuk berbagai agenda sekolah seperti kompetisi dan lain – lain. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 114 siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, selain bersifat pengabdian ilmu kepada masyarakat melalui bidang pendidikan, kegiatan ini juga memadukan masukan dari pihak sekolah melalui wawancara, dokumentasi, serta observasi partisipatif lengkap (complete participation) di mana dalam observasi ini penulis akan terlibat sepenuhnya terhadap apa yang dilakukan siswa, serta dokumentasi sedangkan metode pelatihan menggunakan metode Active Learning Class. Temuan yang didapat adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa dalam public speaking Bahasa Inggris dan sekolah dapat melihat potensi besar banyak siswa yang dapat dipersiapkan untuk menjadi penerus prestasi di masa mendatang.
Pencegahan Kekerasan Seksual Pada Anak Melalui Bela Diri Tapak Suci Putra Muhammadiyah
Authors: Febrilia Yeyen , Puspitarini Diyah , Sahila Rashika Ardafa , Fitriyanti Anis Fajar , Triyanto Wahyu , Fadhilah Siti Nur
Published: February 2024

Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi bela diri tapak suci putra muhammadiyah sebagai self-protection anak kekerasan seksual desa Ambarketawang. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Studi ini dilakukan di Desa Ambarketawang. Informasi, peristiwa, dan dokumen adalah sumber data penelitian ini. Wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi adalah teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah adanya latihan tapak suci yang dilakukan memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan serta nilai karakter pada anak terutama dalam pembahasan kekerasan seksual pada anak. Selain itu anak mampu menggunakan teknik dan latihan yang diterapkan dalam bela diri tapak suci. Selanjutnya juga adanya bela diri tapak suci juga tidak hanya dibekali teknik dan jurus tetapi juga bagaimana lebih dekat dengan sang pencipta.
The Important Role of Dimension in Human Resources Studies: The Curious Case of Employee Satisfaction
Authors: ‘Azzam Muhammad Abdullah , Riani Asri Laksmi , Aini Intan Novela Qurrotul , Harsono Mugi
Published: February 2024

Human resources studies are closely related with behavioral study and gained several scholarly attention Indonesia. But there is an important aspect, regarding how scholars use variables in their respective studies, the dimension of a variable is often forgotten. This article will try to shed light on this topic. by doing a thorough review of the case of the employee satisfaction variable. We will explore how the employee satisfaction variable is viewed, and how by looking at the dimension of this variable an entirely new perspective could be found on how this variable interacts with other variables, namely organizational commitment. We will look thoroughly at several studies, especially those that focused on the establishment of the dimension from this variable, and discuss the study's results., Then try to explain, how future research can utilize dimensions to gain a better understanding of human resources and behavioral studies.
The Influence of Risk and The Crowdfunding Ecosystem on Investment Decision Behavior: The Role of Financial Literacy
Authors: Yuliana Jasuni Ana , Ramadhan Reka
Published: February 2024

One way to support the government's smooth running of inclusive economic development is to help MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) gain access to funding. Along with technological developments, there is a new way for people to obtain external funding, namely through Crowdfunding Services. Crowdfunding has enormous potential in terms of helping people (especially MSMEs) to get external funds to develop their businesses. This research aims to analyze the influence of risk and the crowdfunding ecosystem on investment decision behavior in several crowdfunding companies in Indonesia with financial literacy as a moderating variable. The objectives of the research will be achieved using a problem-solving approach empirical and quantitative analysis. The research results show that risk and the crowdfunding ecosystem have a significant influence on investment decision behavior. The results of this research will be distributed to member companies of the Indonesian Sharia Fintech Association (AFSI) and it is hoped that it will provide information that helps them make decisions.