Pain as a Guide in Glasgow Coma Scale Status for Neurological Assessment
Authors:   Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Nallaluthan Vasu ,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Guan Yan Tan ,   Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Pahang, Malaysia, Mohamed Fuad Murni ,   Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor, Malaysia, Saleh Umaira ,   Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Abdul Halim Sanihah ,   Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Neurology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical  Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Brain and Behaviour Cluster, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Idris Zamzuri ,   Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Brain and Behaviour Cluster, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Izaini Ghani Abdul Rahman ,   Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Brain and Behaviour Cluster, School of Medical Sciences,  Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Abdullah Jafri Malin ,   Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Brain and Behaviour Cluster, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: November 2023

Neurological status is essential and often challenging for neurosurgical residents and also for neurosurgeons to determine surgical management. Pain as a component of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) can be used as a tool in patients, especially an unconscious or comatose patient. In order to elicit this adequate noxious stimulus, a certain amount of pressure-pain threshold is required upon performing either as the central or peripheral technique. The scientific explanation behind each technique is required and needs to be well understood to aid the localisation of the defect in the neurological system. This paper will briefly review the aid of pain as a neurological guide in GCS status assessment.