bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Quod Deus Coniunxit, Homo Non Separet”: Perkawinan Katolik yang Tak Terputuskan dalam Bingkai Pertanggungjawaban Yuridis-Teologis
Authors: Jehaut Rikardus
Published: July 2023

This article is primarily focused on the teaching of the Catholic Churchon the doctrine of indissolubility of marriage. The principal objective isto defend the teaching by offering some canonical-theological analysisbased on canonical scripture and sacred tradition as interpretedauthoritatively by the magisterium of the Catholic church. To achievethis objective, the article is developed in three parts. The first, serves asa point of departure, examines some critics poised by some scholars onthe Church’s teaching on indissolubility of marriage. They offer severalconsiderations that suggest the teaching on indissolubility ought tobe revised in order to admit of exceptions even in case of ratum etconsummatum unions. The second part deals with the analysis of theirargument and shows their erroneous conception of the matrimonialbond. The third part provides some magisterial intervention concerningthe Church’s teaching on indissolubility. The author argues that theteaching cannot be changed since it constitutes an irreformable dogmaof faith, rooted in Sacred Scripture and flows from the very nature ofmarriage as created by God. It must be also defended for the sake of thefaithful whose faith is under constant challenge by divorce mentalitywhich is quickly spreading to other parts of the world.
Pelayanan Pastoral yang Efektif dan Efisien (Refleksi dari Perspektif Pelayanan Publik)
Authors: Dahurandi Keristian
Published: July 2023

Pastoral service is a shepherding activity performed in Catholic Church for obtaining eschatological salvation. The eschatological salvation begins in this world and will be completed in when we face to face meet God. To gain such a salvation, an effective and efficient pastoral service is needed. An effective pastoral service is characterized by ability of facilitating the people of God to have a real, concrete and measured salvation in the world and will be completed. An efficient pastoral service, however, is a rationality of input resource of the salvation reached in pastoral activities. The rationality of such a service is measured by valuating gained profit as a standard of effective service. To reach this end, pastoral service of the Church as an institution, at least, should improve some principles such as productivity, service quality, responsivity, responsibility, accountability, effectivity, efficiency, reallybility, trustworthy and justice. In addition, pastoral service needs a shift of paradigm to be more “listening” than “telling”, “serving” rather than “controlling” in order to avoid the “comfort zone”. This also requires management principles, among others: catalytic pastoral, ecclesiastical pastoral, competitive pastoral, mission-zeal pastoral, results-oriented pastoral, faith-oriented (Church), producing-oriented pastoral rather than spending, anticipatory pastoral; bottom up pastoral, a “market” system for pastoral competitive.
Electrochemical Synthesis of 2D Polymeric Fullerene for Broadband Photodetection
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Xie Yifan , Mei Hao , Yu Hui , Li Minjuan , He Zexiang , Fan Wentao , Zhang Panpan , Ricciardulli Antonio Gaetano , Samorì Paolo , Li Mengmeng , Yang Sheng
Published: February 2025

2D polymeric fullerene scaffolds, composed of covalently bonded superatomic C60 nanoclusters, are emerging semiconductors possessing unique hierarchical electronic structures. Hitherto their synthesis has relied on complex and time‐consuming reactions, thereby hindering scalable production and limiting the technological relevance. Here, the study demonstrates a facile electrochemical exfoliation strategy based on the intercalation and expansion of a layered fullerene superlattice, to produce large size (≈52.5 µm2) and monolayer thick 2D polymeric C60 with high exfoliation yield (≈83%). In situ reduction of solvated protons (H+) weakens the interlayer interactions thereby promoting the rapid and uniform intercalation of tetra‐n‐butylammonium (TBA+), ensuring gram‐scale throughput and high structural integrity of exfoliated 2D polymeric C60. As a proof of concept, the solution‐processed 2D polymeric C60 nanosheets have been integrated into thin‐film photodetectors, exhibiting a broad spectral photoresponse ranging from 405 to 1200 nm, with a peak photocurrent at 850 nm and a stable response time. This efficient and scalable exfoliation method holds great promise for the advancement of multifunctional composites and optoelectronic devices based on 2D polymeric C60.
UP3: Unsupervised Predictive Path Planner for Mobile Robots in Unknown Environment
Authors: Luo Jianing , Zhu Jiwei , Cui Ruopeng , Lu Gaoxiong , Li Wei
Published: February 2025

In this article, UP3, a novel unsupervised learning‐based predictive path planning framework for mobile robot navigation in partially observable environments is proposed. An offline unsupervised learning method is used for planner training to avoid frequent environment interactions or expert demonstration. The network employs attention‐based path optimization to generate the predictive path. Herein, the robot's safety is considered as a hard constraint, and the control barrier function constraint is used to design the collision loss. Additionally, a deep constraint correction module is designed to correct the predictive path, which aims to make the path satisfy the constraints. Herein, the approach through simulation and real‐world experiments is tested to verify the function of each module. In the results, it is indicated that UP3 performs well on dense and maze scenarios and has good generalization.
Bipartite consensus of second‐order delayed unknown multi‐agent systems via aperiodically intermittent control
Authors: Xiao Jingru , Hu Yuanfa , Liu Xiaoyang , Cao Jinde
Published: February 2025

This paper considers the bipartite consensus (BC) of second‐order delayed multi‐agent systems under signed graphs via aperiodically intermittent control (AIC). Firstly, to break the bottleneck of limited state information from the leader, a novel distributed observer is introduced based on the output information. Secondly, a new aperiodically intermittent controller is designed to achieve the consensus goal and reduce the control cost. By employing inequality techniques and Lyapunov stability theory, some sufficient conditions for ensuring BC of second‐order multi‐agent systems is ultimately obtained. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis is demonstrated through a numerical example.
The Feasibility of Delivering Two Brief Psychotherapies for the Treatment of Depression in Primary Care
Authors: Crowe Marie , Jordan Jenny , Porter Richard , Douglas Katie , Lacey Cameron , Thwaites Bridgette , Sillifant Brendan
Published: February 2025

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of delivering two psychotherapies for primary care patients with depression.

Methods

Patients were referred for psychotherapy from primary care services and were randomly assigned to either Intensive Activation Therapy (IAT; behavioural activation therapy plus cognitive remediation) or Patient‐directed Psychoeducation (PDP; a novel psychotherapy based on the diathesis‐stress model). The interventions were delivered over 10–12 sessions (IAT) and five sessions (PDP). Feasibility was evaluated by recruitment numbers, patient interviews, ability to deliver an adequate dose, managing risk in a non‐medical setting, training new therapists and ensuring treatment fidelity. Mood and functioning were measured at baseline and 12 weeks. Qualitative interviews were conducted at 12 weeks.

Results

It was feasible to deliver both therapies to primary care patients with severe depression at baseline. Both therapies were effective, with no difference in improving mood and functioning.

Conclusions

This feasibility study suggests that both IAT and PDP can be feasibly delivered in primary care and could be effective in treating severe depression. The next phase will involve training primary care clinicians to deliver the interventions within routine practice and a further study of the effectiveness of the two therapies in routine clinical care.
Impact of Traumatic Dental Injuries on Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life Among Primary School Children in Dar es Salaam
Authors: Leo Gloria , Nyamuryekung'e Kasusu , Kahabuka Febronia Kokulengya
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a significant concern in pediatric populations, affecting children's oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) and overall development. This study aims to examine TDI prevalence, types, risk factors, and impacts on OHRQoL among Tanzanian school children.

Materials and Methods

Employing a cross‐sectional analytical approach, the study assessed TDIs in school children aged 8–10 in Ilala district, Tanzania, using a multistage cluster sampling technique. Data collection employed structured questionnaires and clinical examinations, applying Ellis and Davey's classification and the Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ 8–10) for TDIs and OHRQoL assessments, respectively. Statistical analyses included frequency distributions, chi‐square, Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests, and binary logistic regression.

Results

Among 501 participants, 25.1% reported previous oral trauma with a TDI prevalence of 37.5%. Crown fractures were the most common injury (79.8%), with significant associations found between TDI prevalence and inadequate lip coverage (p = 0.037) and overjet (p < 0.001). Over 60% experienced an oral impact, notably in oral symptoms (52.5%), emotional well‐being (25.1%), and functional limitation (22.8%) domains. Children with TDIs showed higher OHRQoL impacts on emotional and social well‐being domains.

Conclusions

The high prevalence of TDIs among Tanzanian school children significantly impacts their OHRQoL, emphasizing the need for comprehensive pediatric dental care approaches that encompass preventive strategies and address the multifaceted aspects of oral health.
Retinal vasculometry associations with cognition status in UK Biobank
Authors: Shakespeare Royce , Rudnicka Alicja R. , Welikala Roshan , Barman Sarah A. , Khawaja Anthony P. , Foster Paul J. , Owen Christopher G. ,   the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Retinal vasculometry (RV) provides a neurovascular biomarker which may relate to cognitive status. However, the presence and form of association remains unclear and unexamined at scale.

Methods

Artificial intelligence–enabled RV measures from 66,350 UK Biobank study participants were related to combined cognition scores. Differences in RV were examined per standard deviation (SD) increase in cognitive score, using multilevel linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, measurement center, ethnicity, and within‐person RV clustering.

Results

One hundred ten thousand two hundred eighty‐two retinal images from 63,165 (95%) participants (mean age 56.6 years, 55.5% female) were analyzed. A one SD increase in cognition score was strongly associated with increased arteriolar width, arteriolar tortuosity, increased venular width particularly among those < 50 years and venular area among those > 50 years; also, inversely associated with venular tortuosity, and arteriolar and venular width variance.

Discussion

These easily accessible, affordable, and non‐invasive RV measures should be evaluated further as an early predictor of future neurodegenerative disease.

Highlights

How cognitive status relates to retinal vasculometry (RV) measures remains uncertain and unexamined at scale.

Using data from a large population‐based study (UK Biobank) we show strong graded associations between cognitive status and RV, which contrast with some RV associations observed with aging. Specifically, increased arteriolar tortuosity, arteriolar and venular width (at younger ages), and area are positively associated, and venular tortuosity and arteriolar and venular width variability are inversely associated with higher cognitive status, all showing strong, graded, precise relationships. These associations appeared to be strongest for fluid intelligence and prospective memory tests.

These easily accessible, non‐invasive RV measures provide a neurovascular marker indicative of cognitive status, which should be evaluated as early predictors of neurodegenerative disease.
Evaluation of a novel contrast‐enhanced fluoroscopy protocol for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in a phantom model (with video)
Authors: Hayakawa Takaoki , Horibe Masayasu , Iwasaki Eisuke , Bazerbachi Fateh , Suno Yuki , Sato Tsubasa , Okada Haruka , Nakajima Yuki , Mizukami Yosuke , Kayashima Atsuto , Seino Takashi , Kawasaki Shintaro , Kanai Takanori
Published: February 2025

Objectives

This study evaluated a novel contrast‐enhanced (CE) fluoroscopy protocol for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, which optimizes image processing to enhance contrast of devices and contrast media. We compared the CE protocol with the conventional standard protocol to assess its potential for reducing radiation exposure while improving image visibility.

Methods

The study utilized a multidirectional fluoroscopy unit and phantoms to evaluate the new CE protocol against the conventional protocol. Comparisons included radiation dose rates, spatial resolution, and concentration resolution under various fluoroscopic conditions. The investigation aimed to determine if the CE protocol offered improved visibility while potentially reducing radiation exposure.

Results

Three CE protocol modes (LOW‐7.5 fps, MID‐3.75 fps, and LOW‐3.75 fps) achieved lower dose rates than the standard MID‐7.5 fps mode commonly used in clinical practice. Dynamic spatial resolution was significantly superior in all three CE modes compared to the standard protocol (p < 0.0167). Static spatial resolution did not differ significantly between protocols. Only the CE MID‐3.75 fps mode showed superior concentration resolution compared to the standard protocol (p < 0.00833).

Conclusions

The novel CE fluoroscopy protocol provides superior dynamic spatial resolution in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatopgraphy while reducing radiation exposure, potentially enhancing procedure guidance and safety for both patients and clinicians.
The Comprehensive Analysis of Stratification and Chemical Reaction on MHD Flow Along an Impulsively Started Infinite Vertical Plate in Presence of Radiation and Heat Source Through Porous Medium
Authors: Sahu Digbash , Deka Rudra Kanta , Das Pappu , Rabha Rakesh
Published: February 2025

This study analytically investigates the impact of thermal stratification on unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow along an infinite vertical plate in a porous medium, incorporating chemical reaction, radiation, and heat source. Using the Laplace transform method, exact solutions for velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles were derived, offering a novel approach without approximations. Results show that increased stratification significantly reduces velocity and temperature profiles, with peak velocity decreasing by approximately 35% compared with the nonstratified case (). Higher radiation and Darcy number enhance heat transfer, as reflected in an increased Nusselt number. These findings offer critical insights for optimizing thermal and mass transfer systems in industrial applications, such as cooling processes, energy optimization, and pollution control.
Freeing the Collective Mind: Making Decisions With or Without Group Biases
Authors: Charles Aurelie
Published: February 2025

This chapter shows that group membership and its associated cognitive bias within the self makes the assumption of “individual” decision-making problematic in that it creates a cognitive illusion of the “self” versus “others”, when the self is in essence dynamic and relational. The consequence of such illusion is a mirror effect in resource allocation based on group bias. It makes the whole system of resource allocation entirely reliant on the arbitrary nature of human perception, which differ across individuals. Aggregating group biases at the macro-level then leads to herd behaviour which can have a positive or negative impact on resource allocation, consumption and conservation. Group dynamics can however work towards resource allocation and conservation if decisions are made without group biases at the micro-level, or if group biases are regulated at the macro level.
War and Peace
Authors: Woodin Tom , Vernon Keith , Shaw Linda
Published: February 2025

The death of Fred Hall and the outbreak of the Second World War held the College back. But war would nourish a democratic spirit in a highly mobilised country which saw itself as fighting for freedom and the defeat of fascism. Crucially, the College managed to continue operating and attracted younger co-operative employees and members as well as visitors from colonies and soldiers from Poland and Canada. War would also break many of the bonds of empire as colonial peoples asserted the need for their own freedoms which posed challenges for co-operators. In these difficult times, plans for the future gestated, not least for co-operative education. As hurried adjustments and contingencies were being put in place, discussions about the purpose and principles of co-operative education surfaced. Indeed, in the long term, the war gave impetus and vitality to the felt need for a new college. Two world wars within a generation had been a punishing experience that led to demands for a different type of peace. Co-operators were able to take advantage of the centenary celebrations of the Rochdale Pioneers to raise funds to buy a new base for the College, Stanford Hall, an eighteenth-century country estate.
Decline, Crisis and Renewal, 1977–1999
Authors: Woodin Tom , Vernon Keith , Shaw Linda
Published: February 2025

The new Principal, Robert Houlton, inherited problems that had been festering for years. Each of the core areas of provision were transformed or squeezed. The College responded with shorter, intensive, in-country, on-site training and consultancy services as well as an early form of access course. But, in the 1990s, the collapse of residential educational study led to vexed exchanges about the very existence of the College. Throughout the period, the College would continue to assert the need for co-operative education while attempting to sustain Stanford Hall. It was a time when the ‘business’ side of the movement predominated and viewed co-operative education as an additional cost. In such unpropitious circumstances, spurred on by the 1994 centenary celebrations, the College developed a new practice and vision of co-operative education, based upon values and principles.
Conclusion
Authors: Woodin Tom , Vernon Keith , Shaw Linda
Published: February 2025

The Co-operative College represents an important and unique attempt to bring together forms of education and learning that have been kept separate in wider educational institutions and practices. Social education that focused upon the place and purpose of the co-operative movement within broader social, political, economic and political contexts was a staple of co-operative education for many years. Management and secretarial education was an example of technical learning especially for employees of the movement. Additionally, perhaps the most successful element of the College was the education and training for overseas co-operators that spanned the years of colonialism and independence. As a form of ‘multi-lateral’ institution, it made connections between all these areas of provision. Its vision of co-operation as an educational force based upon a distinctive set of values and principles remains significant.
The lattice of submonoids of the uniform block permutations containing the symmetric group
Authors: Orellana Rosa , Saliola Franco , Schilling Anne , Zabrocki Mike
Published: February 2025

We study the lattice of submonoids of the uniform block permutation monoid containing the symmetric group (which is its group of units). We prove that this lattice is distributive under union and intersection by relating the submonoids containing the symmetric group to downsets in a new partial order on integer partitions. Furthermore, we show that the sizes of the

$$\mathscr {J}$$

J

-classes of the uniform block permutation monoid are sums of squares of dimensions of irreducible modules of the monoid algebra.
Resonant grating for wavelength and polarization selection in high-power lasers emitting in the 2-µm wavelength region
Authors: Bashir Danish , Mourkioti Georgia , Boubekraoui Ayoub , Tomilov Sergei , Redkin Mykyta , Saraceno Clara J. , Graf Thomas , Mackenzie Jacob I. , Abdou Ahmed Marwan
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and implementation of a single-layer resonant-reflection grating-waveguide structure (RR-GWS) optimized for laser operation in the 2 μm wavelength region. The RR-GWS was designed to function effectively across a broad spectral region ranging from 1.9 μm to 2.1 μm. Reflectance measurements confirmed the structure’s wideband performance within this spectral region, with 99% resonant reflectivity. Incorporating the RR-GWS into a Ho: YAG thin-disk laser system, as a cavity folding mirror, it demonstrated very good power-handling capability and efficacy in wavelength and polarization selection. The 2 μm laser system achieved a linearly polarized output power of 36 W, with an optical efficiency of 34.6%. Additionally, the laser demonstrated a spectral bandwidth of < 0.5 nm full width at half maximum, i.e., 12 times narrower than that obtained with an equivalent all-mirror reference cavity.
Angioleiomyoma originating from the ano-rectal wall presenting as a perineal mass: a case report
Authors: Valiyeva Sayali , Cicerone Elena , Iacobelli Elisabetta , Quaglione Gina R. , Pietroletti Renato
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Angioleiomyoma, a vascular leiomyoma is a rare, benign smooth-muscle tumor observed to occur anywhere in the body, most frequently in the lower extremities but very rarely in the digestive system. Angioleiomyoma in the hindgut is infrequent and in particular, rectal/perianal location has been observed very rarely.

Case report

We describe herein a case of a 50-year-old male patient complaining of perineal discomfort and a swelling at the level of the left ischio-rectal fossa, moderately painful. This solid mass in the left ischio-rectal space was in close relationship with the wall of the ano-rectal junction. After surgical removal and histopathology, the mass resulted an angioleiomyoma, vascular type, desmin positive, a very rare neoplasm. Extensive immune-histochemical studies are fundamental for the correct diagnosis and to rule out other mesenchymal tumors.

Discussion/conclusion.

Angioleiomyoma is a very rare neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract, and the fundamental problem of peri-rectal/perianal angioleiomyoma is represented by differential diagnosis from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and other perianal/perirectal swellings. For correct differential diagnosis, the histopathology supported by extensive immune-histochemical study adopting a panel of specific tissue markers is important. The surgical treatment is mandatory with complete excision and subsequent follow-up since local recurrence may occur.
Evaluating the impact of music tempo on drivers and their performance using an artificial intelligence model: a multi-source data approach
Authors: Shajari Arian , Asadi Houshyar , Alsanwy Shehab , Nahavandi Saeid , Lim Chee Peng
Published: February 2025

Traffic accidents are a major global health and economic concern. As such, research into understanding driving behaviors becomes essential to minimize the associated risks. Among various factors that can influence driving behaviors, listening to music while driving is a complex task that needs investigation. Music can enhance arousal and manage stress, which could potentially improve one’s driving performance. Listening to music, however, also competes for cognitive resources, increasing one’s mental workload and potentially degrading the driving ability. This study investigates the impact of listening to music with different tempos on drivers and their performance using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) approach. A total of 26 participants are subjected to three driving scenarios in a unique simulated experiment, while utilizing a motion platform. The conditions are driving while listening to slow-tempo music, and fast-tempo music, and with no music. A dataset is created by collecting data through Tobii eye-tracking glasses, Equivital sensor belts, and a software tool. This dataset is preprocessed and used to train a convolutional neural network-long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) model. This model’s performance is optimized through hyperparameter tuning and Chi-squared feature selection, in order to maximize accuracy and minimize computation time. The model performance is compared with those from a densely layered deep learning model and several classical machine learning models. The devised CNN-LSTM model outperforms other machine learning models, achieving an average accuracy rate of 99.29% with minimal variance across multiple evaluations, demonstrating its effectiveness and consistency in classifying drivers’ behaviors under varying auditory conditions.
Comparison of the overall fit of three-unit posterior fixed dental prostheses fabricated with laser sintering and conventional casting methods
Authors: Pekkan Gürel , Degirmenci Kubra , Tuna Süleyman Hakan , Hekimoğlu Canan , Saridag Serkan
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate the marginal, internal, and occlusal discrepancies of three-unit posterior cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) produced using five different fabrication techniques.

Materials and methods

Segmental maxillary models were prepared from polyamide material using a laser sintering method. The maxillary first premolar and first molar teeth were prepared to receive posterior FDPs. Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and selective laser melting (SLM) were used as two metal laser Co-Cr framework production systems. FDP specimen patterns were prepared by manual wax carving (Cast), 3D-printed polymer (3DP), and CAD/CAM wax and cast using the lost-wax technique as conventional methods. In total, 100 Co-Cr metal framework specimens were prepared for posterior FDPs (n = 20). The silicone replica technique was used to measure marginal, internal, and occlusal discrepancies of all frameworks. A stereomicroscope was employed to detect discrepancies at 100× magnification. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) and post hoc Bonferroni adjustment (α = 0.005) for pairwise comparisons.

Results

There were no significant differences between the occlusal discrepancy values of premolar abutments of FDPs when compared with different fabrication methods (P > 0.05). The highest marginal discrepancy value was detected as 116.22 μm for molar abutment when the Cast method was used (P < 0.05). The highest occlusal discrepancy values were detected as 135.60 μm and 141.49 μm for molar abutments of posterior FDPs when the 3DP and Cast methods were used. The lowest marginal discrepancy value was detected as 38.94 μm for molar abutments when the DMLS method was used (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The DMLS method was more successful than other fabrication methods when fit values of abutment teeth for posterior frameworks were compared.

Clinical relevance

The morphology of the abutment teeth and the fabrication techniques of FDPs migth affect the discrepancy values of FDPs planned. It was seen that the discrepancy values were lowest with the DMLS and SLM methods. Considering the results of this in-vitro study, DMLS and SLM techniques may be more appropriate option than the 3DP method, which starts with digital design and ends conventionally casting technique for posterior three-unit FDPs.
Whole exome sequencing for identifying rare genetic variants related to idiopathic granulomatous mastitis
Authors: Ozer Leyla , Koksal Hande
Published: February 2025

Backgrounds

To reveal rare genetic factors that cause susceptibility to idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM).

Methods

Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in 30 patients with histopathologically diagnosed idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. WES analysis mainly focused on 317 genes linked to autoimmunity, autoinflammation, and immune dysregulation.

Results

A total of 141 variants were detected in 100 genes. The 40% (12/30) of patients had pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. The pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were 10.6% of all variants, and the rest of the variants (89.4%) were classified as VUS. Most of the variants were heterozygous (97.2%) only 4 variants (2.8%) were homozygous. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were detected in FCGR1A, MPO, F5, IL36RN, CLUH, C9, NAXD, PROC, THRB, IFI30, COQ2, RNASEH2B, and SLC29A3 genes. The highest number of variants were detected in UNC13D, VPS13B, EPHB4, NLRP12, TCIRG1, TOM1, IRF9, and PIK3CG.

Conclusion

Up to date, our study is the first whole exome sequencing study of IGM patients which aims to find out the rare variants related to etiopathogenesis of the disease. We identified 141 single nucleotide variants of 100 genes, and most of these variants were found in innate immunity-related genes. The current study provides clues for identifying the etiologic factors and designing further functional studies in this rare disease with unknown etiopathogenesis.

Key Points•Autoimmunity/autoinflammation-related genetic factors are blamed for etiopathogenesis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM).•Mutation in genes related to innate immunity, especially in macrophage functions and phagocytosis, may lead to IGM susceptibility.•Potential candidate genes for genetic susceptibility to IGM may shed light for new treatment options.
Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy generator based low-light enhancement model for referenced image datasets
Authors: Selvam Chithra , Sundaram Dhanasekar
Published: February 2025

Image processing is a rapidly evolving research field with diverse applications across science and technology, including biometric systems, surveillance, traffic signal control and medical imaging. Digital images taken in low-light conditions are often affected by poor contrast and pixel detail, leading to uncertainty. Although various fuzzy based techniques have been proposed for low-light image enhancement, there remains a need for a model that can manage greater uncertainty while providing better structural information. To address this, an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy generator is proposed to develop an advanced low-light image enhancement model for referenced image datasets. The enhancement process involves a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) based optimization approach with respect to the parameters of the generator. For experimental validation, the Low-Light (LOL), LOLv2-Real and LOLv2-Synthetic benchmark datasets are utilized. The results are compared with several existing techniques using quality metrics such as SSIM, peak signal-to-noise ratio, absolute mean brightness error, mean absolute error, root mean squared error, blind/referenceless image spatial quality evaluator and naturalness image quality evaluator, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed model. Ultimately, the model’s performance is benchmarked against state-of-the-art methods, highlighting its enhanced efficiency.
Irradiance and biofilm age control daytime and nighttime macronutrient cycling in stream mesocosms
Authors: Sunjidmaa Nergui , Mendoza-Lera Clara , Pasqualini Julia , Fink Patrick , Bartusch Alexander , Borchardt Dietrich , Jähkel Anne , Graeber Daniel
Published: February 2025

While it is well acknowledged that both light irradiance and biofilm age influence daytime nutrient cycling in streams, it remains unclear how these factors interact and affect nighttime nutrient dynamics together with dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition. The understanding of these interactions is crucial for comprehending overall nutrient dynamics in stream ecosystems. In this study, we assess the interplay of biofilm age (one, i.e. younger, and three, i.e. older, weeks old) under three levels of light irradiance (high, low, and no light) on the daytime and nighttime dynamics of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (NO3–N and NH4–N), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and DOM molecular fractions in streamside flumes. Daytime NO3–N demand by younger biofilms increased with irradiance, with no net-uptake without light. Moreover, both daytime and nighttime NO3–N net-uptake increased with biofilm age under higher light incidence, but at lower rates for nighttime net-uptake. Older biofilms acted as daytime sources of DOM (humic-like molecular fractions) and of SRP, while protein-like DOM fractions were consumed both during daytime and nighttime by both younger and older biofilms. Our results reveal distinct daytime and nighttime nutrient dynamics influenced by light irradiance and biofilm age, emphasizing the importance of nighttime processes for a comprehensive assessment of nutrient cycling in streams.
Developing the structure of laws in biology
Authors: Duguid Callum
Published: February 2025

Paradigmatic examples of laws drawn from physics are accompanied by a rich explanatory structure that supports unificatory efforts. Part of the reason these efforts have been successful has been their identification of conservation laws, whose greater necessity allows them to act as constraints. Within biology, much of the debate over lawhood has focused on whether restricted regularities should be treated as laws, rather than finding parallels to how physical laws are structured. This paper argues that extending that structure to biology is both possible and well-motivated by building on the functionalist approach to lawhood. Through two specific examples – the West Brown Enquist model of metabolism and the neutral theory of biodiversity – I show there are principles in biological theorising that can be interpreted as analogues of conservation laws. This reveals a similarity of nomological structure between physics and biology which is often obscured by methodological differences. Commitment to these laws in biology supports the view that theoretical progress can be made by focusing research efforts on unificatory principles.
Burden of prolonged treatment delay among patients with common cancers in the Philippines
Authors: Cambia Jansen M. , Wannasri Arnat , Orlina Edmund Cedric A. , Calvez Gehan Alyanna C. , Grafilo Wilma M. , Liu Jason J.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Prolonged treatment delay often leads to adverse cancer prognosis. However, the demographic and clinical predictors of higher treatment delay burden in the Philippines have not been thoroughly evaluated.

Methods

We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study on patients diagnosed with common cancers who received cancer treatment, to quantify the burden of prolonged treatment delay in the Philippines among this population. We analyzed 20,654 patients with common cancers from the Department of Health-Rizal Cancer Registry. The Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to identify demographic and clinical predictors of prolonged treatment delay. In addition, we examined the associations among those receiving different initial treatment types, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

Results

We found 35.1 % of the studied cancer patients experienced initial treatment delay of more than 30 days, as well as 25.2 % and 20.0 % experiencing treatment delays exceeding 60 and 90 days, respectively. We found higher risk of prolonged treatment delay of more than 90 days in those with 0–19 years of age at diagnosis, male gender, cancer treatment at non-private hospitals, diagnoses during the 1990s, more advanced cancer stages, and non-surgical initial treatments. For patients with surgery as the initial treatment, younger age at cancer diagnosis was not significantly associated with increased burden of prolonged treatment delay, unlike for those initially treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

Conclusion

By identifying the characteristics of treated cancer patients with higher risk of protracted treatment delay, our findings will inform the national cancer control program to especially target those patients for treatment delay reduction.
Experiences of Siblings of Children with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS)
Authors: Ringer Noam , Zakirova-Engstrand Rano
Published: February 2025

Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is a relatively new diagnosis, characterized by an abrupt and dramatic onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder together with neuropsychiatric symptoms. This sudden onset of symptoms that occurs within 24–48 h presents tremendous challenges for the affected children and their immediate family members. Currently, research on the experiences of siblings of children with PANS is lacking. This study explored siblings’ perspectives on living with brothers and sisters with PANS, and their perceptions of own ability and available resources to manage challenging situations. Nine siblings of children with PANS, aged 10–17 years, participated in semi-structured interviews. Informed by Transactional Theory, a combined deductive-inductive approach to qualitative content analysis was used for analyzing the data. The findings illuminate that PANS has considerable impact on the lives of healthy siblings who experienced fear of aggression and unpredictability of their siblings’ behavior; they felt that their basic needs as well as social and emotional needs were often neglected. The results also showed that siblings lacked formal knowledge about PANS and had only a limited number of strategies to cope with stressful situations. However, peers in similar situation were a source of emotional support. Practical implications include the need for development of community-based, family-centered support programs to reduce the impact of PANS on healthy siblings’ well-being. Directions for further research are outlined.
Mental Health Profiles Among Swedish High School Students: Relationships to Environmental Sensitivity and Coping Self-Efficacy
Authors: Maurer Mia M. , Hoff Eva , Daukantaitė Daiva
Published: February 2025

Dual-factor models of mental health integrate both positive and negative indicators to provide a more comprehensive understanding of mental health profiles. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the mental health profiles of Swedish high school students by examining five positive indicators of well-being—connectedness, perseverance, optimism, happiness, and engagement—alongside three distress indicators: symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. We further investigated how these profiles related to gender, environmental sensitivity, coping self-efficacy, and the experience of pandemic-related distress. Utilizing latent profile analysis on a sample of 846 students (M

age
 = 18, SD

age
 = 0.85), five distinct mental health profiles emerged: Complete mental health (42.9%) exhibited above-average well-being and below-average distress;
Moderate mental health (37.8%) showed average well-being and distress levels;
Vulnerable (9.8%) had below-average well-being with slightly elevated distress; Symptomatic but managing (5.4%) reported below-average well-being and high distress; and Troubled (4.0%) displayed significantly below-average well-being with very high distress. Gender played a significant role in differentiating these profiles, with girls particularly overrepresented in the Troubled and Symptomatic but managing profiles, suggesting a higher prevalence of mental health challenges among female students. As expected, students in the Complete mental health profile exhibited higher aesthetic sensitivity and greater coping self-efficacy, while those in the Troubled profile showed the highest ease of excitation and lowest coping self-efficacy, indicating a stark contrast in emotional regulation and resilience between the profiles. Interestingly, despite clear variations in well-being and distress, no significant differences were found between profiles in terms of distress experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, although girls reported higher levels of pandemic-related distress overall.

These findings offer critical insights into the diverse mental health experiences of adolescents, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Addressing the specific needs of students in compromised mental health profiles is essential to promoting a healthier and more supportive educational environment.
Advances in natural fiber polymer and PLA composites through artificial intelligence and machine learning integration
Authors: Uddin Md. Helal , Mulla Mohammed Huzaifa , Abedin Tarek , Manap Abreeza , Yap Boon Kar , Rajamony Reji Kumar , Shahapurkar Kiran , Khan T. M. Yunus , Soudagar Manzoore Elahi M. , Nur-E-Alam Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Natural Fibre Polymer (NFP) and Polylactic Acid (PLA) composites have received a lot of interest in a variety of sectors because they are environmentally friendly, renewable, and sustainable. Over the last decade, researchers have investigated the aspects of NFP/PLA composite development and optimization for a wide range of applications, including packaging materials, automotive components, construction materials, textile and apparel, biomedical devices, agricultural and horticultural applications, electronics, and consumer electronics. Furthermore, using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) methodologies has increased these polymer materials and associated technologies in their search for new potential ways to further progress in NFP and PLA composites. The purpose of this review paper is to present a complete overview of AI and machine learning applications in the synthesis and development of NFP/PLA composite materials. The subject matter includes the following research areas: material characterization, manufacturing, property prediction, durability assessment, sustainability analysis, and future perspectives, which demonstrate the potential and challenges of AI/ML in advancing NFP/PLA composite materials and technologies.
A novel trait to reduce the mechanical damage of peach fruits at harvest: The first genetic dissection study for peduncle length
Authors: da Silva Linge Cassia , Ciacciulli Angelo , Baccichet Irina , Chiozzotto Remo , Calastri Elisa , Tagliabue Alessandro Giulio , Rossini Laura , Bassi Daniele , Cirilli Marco
Published: February 2025

In peach, a long peduncle can help minimize mechanical damages/physical injuries in the fruit at harvest and can also be useful in postharvest handling and transportation. In view of genetically dissecting the peduncle length (PL) in peach, we have performed a Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) mapping study for PL using a F2 progeny of 117 individuals from the cross ‘PI 91459 [NJ Weeping]’ x ‘Bounty’ (WxBy). The progeny was phenotyped for three years (2011, 2012 and 2014) and the QTL mapping analysis was performed using four methods: Kruskall-Wallis, Interval Mapping, Multiple QTL Mapping and Genome-Wide Composite Interval Mapping. QTL analysis led to the identification of 9 QTLs distributed on linkage groups (LG) 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7. A stable QTL was identified on LG6 (22,978,897 to 24,666,094 bp) and explained up to 63% of the phenotypic variance. Within the genetic interval of the stable QTL on LG6 potential candidate genes with functional annotation encompassing cellular expansion, hormone regulation, transcriptional regulation, developmental processes such as meristem development, and responses to environmental cues were found. The results reported in this study represent the first insight into the genetic basis of PL and a step forward towards the introduction of novel traits in peach commercial breeding in order to minimize the problems related to mechanical damage/injuries to peach fruits that commonly might occur during at harvest and post-harvest processes.
Prognostic revalidation of RANO categories for extent of resection in glioblastoma: a reconstruction of individual patient data
Authors: Wach Johannes , Vychopen Martin , Güresir Erdem
Published: February 2025

Background

The RANO classification for glioblastoma defines resection categories based on volumetric tumor assessments, aiming to standardize outcomes related to extent of resection (EOR). This study revalidates the prognostic impact of RANO classes by reconstructing individual patient data (IPD).

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed, including three studies comprising 580 glioblastoma patients. Included studies reported or allowed conversion to RANO classes for glioblastoma resection extent, with detailed OS data and numbers at risk. Overall survival (OS) data were extracted from Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and IPD were reconstructed using Digitizelt and the R package IPDfromKM. Survival analyses were conducted using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression models.

Results

Median follow-up was 15.6 months (IQR: 10.1–28.8). Patients undergoing supramaximal resection (RANO class 1, n = 163) had the highest median OS (35.6 months; 95% CI: 30.9–40.4), significantly outperforming non-class 1 resections (median OS: 13.9 months; 95% CI: 13.0–14.7; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed superior OS for class 2a (19.0 months) over class 2b (14.1 months; p < 0.001), while class 3 and 4 resections demonstrated progressively poorer outcomes. Hazard ratios consistently favored class 1 versus all other classes (HR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.23–0.37).

Conclusions

Supramaximal (class 1) resection provides a significant survival benefit in glioblastoma, underscoring its critical role in surgical management. The RANO classification stratifies resection outcomes effectively, supporting its use as a prognostic tool. These findings advocate for resection strategies targeting maximal tumor removal.

Graphical Abstract
What Explains Country-Level Differences in Political Belief System Coherence?
Authors: Warncke Philip
Published: February 2025

Although public opinion research has made tremendous progress in identifying the conditions under which citizens adopt coherent political beliefs, comparatively little attention has been paid to the role of national political context in shaping mass belief system coherence. Using dedicated statistical network models built from representative surveys conducted across 38 European countries between 2002 and 2020, this article demonstrates that national-level attitude systems vary substantially and systematically in overall constraint. Drawing on both a novel, network-derived measure of belief system coherence and node-level centrality metrics, this paper further shows that political systems characterized by programmatic linkages between citizens and political parties sustain far more coherent mass beliefs than those in which party-citizen interactions typically involve personal favors. Furthermore, just under one third of the belief-structuring effect of party-citizen relations is mediated by the relative centrality of citizens’ symbolic ideological attachments within national-level belief systems. Abstract ideological summary positions are not central to all belief systems, but where they are, mass beliefs tend to be more coherent overall.