bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal symptom dynamics of COVID-19 infection in primary care
Authors: Mizrahi Barak , Shilo Smadar , Rossman Hagai , Kalkstein Nir , Marcus Karni , Barer Yael , Keshet Ayya , Shamir-Stein Na’ama , Shalev Varda , Zohar Anat Ekka , Chodick Gabriel , Segal Eran
Published: July 2020

Objective

Data regarding the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infection is rapidly accumulating. However, most studies thus far are based on hospitalized patients and lack longitudinal follow up. As the majority of COVID-19 cases are not hospitalized, prospective studies of symptoms in the population presenting to primary care are needed. Here, we assess the longitudinal dynamic of clinical symptoms in non-hospitalized individuals prior to and throughout the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Design

Data on symptoms were extracted from electronic health records (EHR) consisting of both results of PCR tests and symptoms recorded by primary care physicians, and linked longitudinal self reported symptoms.

Setting

The second largest Health Maintenance Organization in Israel, Maccabi Health Services

Participants

From 1/3/2020 to 07/06/2020, information on symptoms from either surveys or primary care visits was available for 206,377 individuals, including 2,471 who tested positive for COVID-19.

Main Outcomes

Longitudinal prevalence of clinical symptoms in COVID-19 infection diagnosed by PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal swabs.

Results

In adults, the most prevalent symptoms recorded in EHR were cough (11.6%), fever (10.3%), and myalgia (7.7%) and the most prevalent self-reported symptoms were cough (21%), fatigue (19%) and rhinorrhea and/or nasal congestion (17%). In children, the most prevalent symptoms recorded in the EHR were fever (7%), cough (5.5%) and abdominal pain (2.4%). Emotional disturbances were documented in 15.9% of the positive adults and 4.2% of the children. Loss of taste and smell, either self-reported or documented by a physician, 3 weeks prior to testing, were the most discriminative symptoms in adults (OR =11.18 and OR=5.47 respectively). Additional symptoms included self reported headache (OR = 2.03) and fatigue (OR = 1.73) and a documentation of syncope, rhinorrhea (OR = 2.09 for both) and fever (OR= 1.62) by a physician. Mean time to recovery was 23.5 ± 9.9 days. Children had a significantly shorter disease duration (21.7 ± 8.8 days, p-value=0.01). Several symptoms, including fatigue, myalgia, runny nose and shortness of breath were reported weeks after recovery.

Conclusions

As the COVID-19 pandemic progresses rapidly worldwide, obtaining accurate information on symptoms and their progression is of essence. Our study shed light on the full clinical spectrum of symptoms experienced by infected individuals in primary care, and may alert physicians for the possibility of COVID-19 infection.
Who is wearing a mask? Gender-, age-, and location-related differences during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Haischer Michael H. , Beilfuss Rachel , Hart Meggie Rose , Opielinski Lauren , Wrucke David , Zirgaitis Gretchen , Uhrich Toni D. , Hunter Sandra K.
Published: July 2020

Masks are an effective tool in combatting the spread of COVID-19, but some people still resist wearing them and mask-wearing behavior has not been experimentally studied in the United States. To understand the demographics of mask wearers and resistors, and the impact of mandates on mask-wearing behavior, we observed shoppers (n = 9935) entering retail stores during periods of June, July, and August 2020. Approximately 41% of the June sample wore a mask. At that time, the odds of an individual wearing a mask increased significantly with age and was also 1.5x greater for females than males. Additionally, the odds of observing a mask on an urban or suburban shopper were ~4x that for rural areas. Mask mandates enacted in late July and August increased mask-wearing compliance to over 90% in all groups, but a small percentage of resistors remained. Thus, gender, age, and location factor into whether shoppers in the United States wear a mask or face covering voluntarily. Additionally, mask mandates are necessary to increase mask wearing among the public to a level required to mitigate the spread of COVID-19.
Cross-regulation between RpfG and HtsHs to regulate antibiotic biosynthesis inLysobacter
Authors: Li Kaihuai , Xu Gaoge , Wang Bo , Wu Guichun , Liu Fengquan
Published: July 2020

Bacterial two-component systems (TCSs) sense and respond to environmental changes and modulate downstream gene expression. However, the mechanism of cross-talk between multiple TCSs is unclear. In this study, we report a previously uncharacterized mechanism by which the TCS protein RpfG interacts with hybrid two-component system (HyTCS) proteins HtsH1, HtsH2 and HtsH3 to regulate antibiotic biosynthesis inLysobacter. RpfG, a phosphodiesterase (PDE), can degrade c-di-GMP to 5’-pGpG and can regulate antibiotic heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF) biosynthesis in a PDE- independent manner. Thus, we wondered whether RpfG regulate HSAF biosynthesis through interactions with other factors. Subsequently, we demonstrated that RpfG interacts with three HyTCS proteins (HtsH1, HtsH2 and HtsH3), that can inhibit the PDE enzymatic activity of RpfG. Importantly, deletion ofhtsH1,htsH2andhtsH3resulted in significantly decreased HSAF production, and we showed that HtsH1, HtsH2 and HtsH3 depend on their phosphorylation activity to directly regulate HSAF biosynthesis gene expression. Our results reveal that RpfG does not depend on PDE activity to regulate HSAF biosynthesis, rather it interacts with HtsH1, HtsH2 and HtsH3 to do so, a regulatory mechanism that may be a conserved paradigm inLysobacterandXanthomonas.
Enrofloxacin shifts intestinal microbiota and metabolic profiling and hinders recovery fromSalmonella entericasubsp.entericaserovarTyphimuriuminfection in neonatal chickens
Authors: Ma Boheng , Mei Xueran , Lei Changwei , Li Cui , Gao Yufeng , Kong Linghan , Zhai Xiwen , Wang Hongning
Published: July 2020

Enrofloxacin is an important antibiotic used for prevention and treatment ofSalmonellainfection in poultry in many countries. However, oral administration of enrofloxacin may lead to the alterations in the microbiota and metabolome in the chicks intestine, thereby reducing colonization resistance to theSalmonellainfection. To study the effects of enrofloxacin on chicken cecalSalmonella, we used different concentrations of enrofloxacin to feed 1-day-old chickens, followed by oral challenge withSalmonella entericasubsp.entericaserovarTyphimurium(S. Typhimurium). We then explored the distribution patterns ofS. Typhimurium in vivoin intestinal contents using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and microbial 16S amplicon sequencing on days 7, 14, and 21. Metabolome sequencing was used to explore the gut metabolome on day 14. Faecalibacterium and Anaerostipes, which are closely related to the chicken intestinal metabolome, were screened using a multi-omics technique. The abundance ofS. Typhimuriumwas significantly higher in the enrofloxacin-treated group than in the untreated group, andS. Typhimuriumpersisted longer. Moreover, the cecal colony structures of the three groups exhibited different characteristics, withLactobacillusreaching its highest abundance on day 21. Notably,S. Typhimuriuminfection is known to affect the fecal metabolome of chickens differently. Thus, our results suggested that enrofloxacin andSalmonellainfections completely altered the intestinal metabolism of chickens.

IMPORTANCE

In this study, we examined the effects ofS. Typhimuriuminfection and enrofloxacin treatment on the microbial flora and metabolite synthesis in chicken guts in order to identify target metabolites that may causeS. Typhimuriumcolonization and severe inflammation and to evaluate the important flora that may be associated with these metabolites. Our findings may facilitate the use of antibiotics to preventS. Typhimuriuminfection.
Goodbye Nicky hello Goldie – exploring the opportunities for transitioning tobacco farmers into cannabis production in Malawi
Authors: Sowoya Linda , Akamwaza Chifundo , Matola Austin Mathews , Klein Axel
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the opportunities for tobacco farmers in Malawi from diversifying to cannabis, and the potential benefits for reducing deforestation by producing a cannabis based alternative fuel. It further argues that there are tensions between the conflicting objectives of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.

Design/methodology/approach

Field interviews were conducted with cannabis farmers, traders and sellers in different parts of Malawi.

Findings

The findings of this study show that there are opportunities for cannabis farmers but they have been blocked by legal impediments. Now that legislative reform have made cannabis cultivation possible, farmers need support in developing products.

Research limitations/implications

Any attempt to provide a precise assessment of the cannabis market in Malawi is constrained by the criminalised status of the product. The suitability of cannabis briquettes as an fuel has yet to be trialled in Malawi.

Social implications

There is an urgent need to revise the drug control conventions to address environmental degradation and deforestation.

Originality/value

The linkage between tobacco farming, deforestation and desertification in Malawi has not been made. This is the first time that hemp has been suggested as an alternative crop for farmers and as a solution to deforestation.
Mythopolitics of “community”: an unstable but necessary category
Authors: Faas A.J. , Marino Elizabeth K.
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The authors engage a set of critical discussions on key concepts in disaster studies with attention to recent critiques of the concept “community,” which decry the term's imprecision and problematic insinuation of consensus. The authors’ objective is to explore for enduring and redeeming merit in the use of the term in disaster prevention, response and recovery and in collaborative social science research more broadly.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is based on case studies drawn from the authors' ongoing, longitudinal studies of community-based work with Spanish-speaking community leaders in San José, California and rural Indigenous communities in Alaska.

Findings

The authors synthesize unromantic critiques of the community concept that surface important matters of inequality that complicate efforts for decolonizing disaster work with a view of community as an often utopian project servicing redistributions and relocations of the loci of power. It is a term not only invoked in scholarship and the work of governmental and nongovernmental agencies but also one with deeply symbolic and contextualized meaning.

Originality/value

The authors’ interpretation is that we must at once be critical and unromantic in studying and working with “community” while also recognizing its utopian fecundity. Abandoning the concept altogether would not only create a massive lacuna in everyday speech but also we fear too strong a language in opposition to the community concept metaphor telegraphs a hostility toward those who use it to mobilize scarce social, political and material resources to confront power and contest structural violence.
The relationship between entrepreneurial experience and preferred learning styles
Authors: Van der Lingen Elma , Åmo Bjørn Willy , Pettersen Inger Beate
Published: July 2020

Purpose

Entrepreneurship is a process of learning. The entrepreneurial learning process incorporates a cumulative series of multifaceted entrepreneurial experiences, which generally involve the development of new insights and behaviours. This study aimed to determine whether entrepreneurial experience has an influence on the preferred learning styles of students. The study also investigated the appropriateness of the Reduced Kolb Learning Style Inventory as a measuring instrument.

Design/methodology/approach

The study was conducted on 586 male and 690 female students from South Africa (n = 1042) and Norway (n = 244). The Reduced Kolb Learning Style Inventory, making use of principal correspondence analysis, was used to determine the preferred learning styles, while the students' level of entrepreneurial experience was captured by items addressing prior entrepreneurial experience.

Findings

The analysis revealed a simpler measure of students' preferred learning styles, comprising a total of 12 items with three items per learning style. The study revealed that the preferred learning style was more important for students who had entrepreneurial experience than for those with less entrepreneurial experience. If students with entrepreneurial experience have stronger concerns for how they learn, it contributes to the understanding of the content of entrepreneurial learning.

Originality/value

A modified Reduced Kolb Learning Style Inventory resulted in a concise instrument measuring students' preferred learning style in adherence to Kolb's work and evidenced its usefulness. This study contributes to a field that has been under-researched, related to the association between students' past and current entrepreneurial experience and their learning style preference, and aims to bridge the two research fields. This research explores these links and points to how these insights could inform entrepreneurship education.
Computational fluid dynamics analysis of the effect of throat diameter on the fluid flow and performance of ejector
Authors: Salehi Mohammadreza , Pourmahmoud Nader , Hassanzadeh Amir , Hoseinzadeh S. , Heyns P.S.
Published: July 2020

Purpose

Using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique, this paper aims to investigate the influence of key parameters such as throat diameter; the suction ratio on the flow field behaviors such as Mach number; pressure; and temperature.

Design/methodology/approach

To investigate the effect of throat diameter, it is simulated for 4, 6, 8 and 10 mm as throat diameters. The governing equations have been solved by standard code of Fluent Software together with a compressible 2 D symmetric and turbulence model with the standard k–ε model. First, the influence of the throat diameter is investigated by keeping the inlet mass flow constant.

Findings

The results show that a place of shock wave creation is changed by changing the throat diameter. The obtained results illustrate that the maximum amount of Mach number is dependent on the throat diameter. It is obtained from the results that for smaller throats higher Mach numbers can be obtained. Therefore, for mixing purposes smaller throats and for exhausting bigger throats seems to be appropriate.

Originality/value

The obtained numerical results are compared to the existing experimental ones which show good agreement.
Repurchase intention: the effect of similarity and client knowledge
Authors: Herjanto Halimin , Amin Muslim
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of appearance, lifestyle and status similarity on interaction intensity, satisfaction with a banker and repurchase intention. Also examined was the moderating effect of client knowledge in the enhancement of customer satisfaction with a banker.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 800 questionnaires using the snowball sampling technique were performed to distribute the questionnaires to bank customers at different ethnic community centers in New Zealand. A total of 377 useable questionnaires were collected for further analysis.

Findings

The findings indicated that the three types of similarity affect interaction intensity differently. Lifestyle similarity was found to positively influence interaction intensity. The similarity constructs of appearance and status were found to have an insignificant relationship with interaction intensity. The findings show that appearance similarity and interaction intensity are able to enhance customer satisfaction with a banker. Customer satisfaction with a banker has a significant relationship with repurchase intention. Client knowledge influences the degree of interaction intensity and satisfaction with a banker.

Practical implications

The findings of this study help bankers to understand the importance of their similarities with a customer and to design recruitment strategies and training sections to improve customer satisfaction.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the body of knowledge by incorporating interaction intensity, similarity and satisfaction with a bank into the repurchase intention model.
Emergency response plans: panacea for emergency preparedness and control in university libraries in Nigeria
Authors: Ilo Promise Ifeoma , Nwachukwu Victor N. , Izuagbe Roland
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The study examined library personnel awareness of the availability of emergency response plans, their forms and roles in safety routine preparedness and control in federal and state university libraries in Southwest Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach

The survey research design alongside a multi-stage sampling procedure comprising purposive, randomisation and total enumeration techniques guided the study. The population consisted of 327 library personnel drawn from 12 federal and state university libraries (i.e., six each). The questionnaire and structured interview methods were used for data gathering. Of the 327 copies of the questionnaire administered, 249 copies, representing 76.1%, were duly completed and found valid for analysis. Whereas the acceptance threshold of ≥90% response rate and a criterion mean of 2.50 were adopted for making judgements regarding the research questions, while the hypothesis was tested using chi-square statistics with cross-tabulation.

Findings

The state university libraries in the studied region are extremely lagging behind their federal counterpart in terms of emergency preparedness, judging by the availability of emergency response plan (ERPs). However, documenting the plans for routine emergency response is not widespread among the university libraries; thus, the extent of response preparedness is both simplistic and doubtful. Despite the seemingly proactive nature of the federal university libraries over their state counterpart, librarians in both settings do not perceive effectiveness and preference in either the written emergency response plan (WERP) or unwritten emergency response plan (UERP) as an emergency preparedness and control measure.

Originality/value

The research increases knowledge of emergency preparedness in university libraries beyond the mere availability of ERPs. Through a comparative empirical analysis, the desirability of the WERP as a measure of emergency response preparedness in university libraries has been strengthened.
Supply chain resilience: an adaptive cycle approach
Authors: Adobor Henry
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework for extending an understanding of resilience in complex adaptive system (CAS) such as supply chains using the adaptive cycle framework. The adaptive cycle framework may help explain change and the long term dynamics and resilience in supply chain networks. Adaptive cycles assume that dynamic systems such as supply chain networks go through stages of growth, development, collapse and reorientation. Adaptive cycles suggest that the resilience of a complex adaptive system such as supply chains are not fixed but expand and contract over time and resilience requires such systems to navigate each of the cycles’ four stages successfully.

Design/methodology/approach

This research uses the adaptive cycle framework to explain supply chain resilience (SCRES). It explores the phases of the adaptive cycle, its pathologies and key properties and links these to competences and behaviors that are important for system and SCRES. The study develops a conceptual framework linking adaptive cycles to SCRES. The goal is to extend dynamic theories of SCRES by borrowing from the adaptive cycle framework. We review the literature on the adaptive cycle framework, its properties and link these to SCRES.

Findings

The key insight is that the adaptive cycle concept can broaden our understanding of SCRES beyond focal scales, including cross-scale resilience. As a framework, the adaptive cycle can explain the mechanisms that support or prevent resilience in supply chains. Adaptive cycles may also give us new insights into the sort of competences required to avoid stagnation, promote system renewal as resilience expands and contracts over time.

Research limitations/implications

The adaptive cycle may move our discussion of resilience beyond engineering and ecological resilience to include evolutionary resilience. While the first two presently dominates our theorizing on SCRES, evolutionary resilience may be more insightful than both are. Adaptive cycles capture the idea of change, adaptation and transformation and allow us to explore cross-scale resilience.

Practical implications

Knowing how to prepare for and overcoming key pathologies associated with each stage of the adaptive cycle can broaden our repertoire of strategies for managing SCRES across time. Human agency is important for preventing systems from crossing critical thresholds into imminent collapse. More importantly, disruptions may present an opportunity for innovation and renewal for building more resilience supply chains.

Originality/value

This research is one of the few studies that have applied the adaptive cycle concept to SCRES and extends our understanding of the dynamic structure of SCRES
You reap what you sow: knowledge hiding, territorial and idea implementation
Authors: Li Xianmiao , Wei William X. , Huo Weiwei , Huang Yi , Zheng Manyi , Yan Jinyi
Published: July 2020

Purpose

This study aims to build a research model from the perspectives of knowledge hiding and idea implementation to examine what factors influence idea implementation and the cross-level moderating role of team territory climate.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from universities, 52 (R&D) teams in China via a two-wave survey. The final sample contained 209 team members and their immediate supervisors. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to test hypotheses.

Findings

The results indicated that individuals’ knowledge-hiding behavior had a significantly negative impact on idea implementation and creative process engagement, which played a mediating role. Team territorial climate played a cross-level moderating role between knowledge hiding and idea implementation. If team territorial climate was at a high level, then the negative connection between knowledge hiding and idea implementation would be weaker.

Research limitations/implications

Under the perspective of territorial behavior in Chinese cultural, it can help to distinguish territorial behavior and be preventive at individual and team levels. This study not only enables managers to clearly understand the precipitating factors of idea implementation but also provides constructive strategies for alleviating the negative effects of knowledge territoriality on creative process engagement and idea implementation.

Originality/value

This study constructs a cross-level model to explore the relationship among knowledge hiding, creative process engagement and idea implementation at individual and team levels in the context of Chinese R&D enterprises. Additionally, the study analyzes the influence of territoriality on idea implementation under boundary conditions.
Does criminal justice stigma affect health and health care utilization? A systematic review of public health and medical literature
Authors: Martin Karin , Taylor Andrew , Howell Benjamin , Fox Aaron
Published: July 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to determine whether criminal justice (CJ) stigma affects health outcomes and health care utilization.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors reviewed medical and public health literature through May 2020. Structured terms were used to search four databases identifying articles that related to CJ stigma. Included articles were in English, examined CJ stigma and had people with CJ involvement as subjects. The studies without health outcomes were excluded. Quantitative and qualitative studies were reviewed and assessed for bias. Results were synthesized into a systematic review.

Findings

The search yielded 25 studies relating to CJ stigma and health. Three stigma domains were described in the literature: perceived or enacted, internalized and anticipated stigma. Tenuous evidence linked CJ stigma to health directly (psychological symptoms) and indirectly (social isolation, health care utilization, high-risk behaviors and housing or employment). Multiple stigmatized identities may interact to affect health and health care utilization.

Research limitations/implications

Few studies examined CJ stigma and health. Articles used various measures of CJ stigma, but psychometric properties for instruments were not presented. Prospective studies with standard validated measures are needed.

Practical implications

Understanding whether and how CJ stigma affects health and health care utilization will be critical for developing health-promoting interventions for people with CJ involvement. Practical interventions could target stigma-related psychological distress or reduce health care providers’ stigmatizing behaviors.

Originality/value

This was the first systematic review of CJ stigma and health. By providing a summary of the current evidence and identifying consistent findings and gaps in the literature, this review provides direction for future research and highlights implications for policy and practice.
Social solidarity amid the COVID-19 outbreak: fundraising campaigns and donors' attitudes
Authors: Bin-Nashwan Saeed Awadh , Al-Daihani Meshari , Abdul-Jabbar Hijattulah , Al-Ttaffi Lutfi Hassen Ali
Published: July 2020

Purpose

With fundraising appeals for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relief efforts and donating to those affected by its spread and impact, donors, volunteers and charities can all play their part and render much-needed support and aid. The purpose of this study is to be part of such effort by empirically examining the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations that drive people's attitudes to engage in fundraising campaigns launched in many communities, providing a richer understanding of donors' responses.

Design/methodology/approach

The present work follows a quantitative approach based on an online survey conducted among potential Kuwaiti charitable donors. A total of 565 useable responses (356 females, 209 males) were obtained using snowball sampling and analyzed through smart partial least squares (SmartPLS) software.

Findings

With 90% of respondents financially able to donate who have a monthly income equal to or greater than the average (US$2000), this study confirms the suitability of the model used in predicting donors' attitudes to contribute online to grassroots fundraising campaigns. It reveals that all constructs included in the model (i.e. charitable projects geared for those affected by the pandemic, Internet technology (IT) features and religiosity level) are statistically significant, except for trust in charities.

Practical implications

This study suggests that in uncertainty and concern surrounding COVID-19, nonprofit organizations, charities and governments should make concerted efforts toward mitigating the impacts of the pandemic on families and workers who are on the frontline against its outbreak. Possible areas need to be improved through suitable proactive strategies to solicit online monetary donations, such as charitable projects with inclusive information, focus attention on IT features (e.g. privacy, trustworthiness, security and effectiveness) and strengthen the religious faith of donors toward the significance of helping vulnerable groups and regions.

Originality/value

The research adds value to the literature on donation and giving behavior by offering an in-depth understanding of what influences online donation attitudes, especially amid such an unprecedented epidemic crisis.
The factors influencing customer loyalty in social commerce platform: variety-seeking and social impact perspective
Authors: Handarkho Yonathan Dri
Published: July 2020

Purpose

This study aims to address the factors influencing customer loyalty in social commerce (SC) sites from different standpoints with the intention to use the “variety-seeking” perspective and social impact theory as the foundation of the theoretical model. Specifically, it examined the factors capable of diverting user loyalty from using the current platform to other SC sites.

Design/methodology/approach

The theoretical model developed consists of five factors, including the intention to switch, perceived herd behavior, life events, satiation and hedonic motivation. However, this proposed model was validated by 568 users of SC in Indonesia.

Findings

The result showed that all direct and indirect predictors of the dependent variable were statistically significant except the direct effect of the perceived herd behavior. Meanwhile, age, income, and experience were found to have a significant moderating effect on the direct influence on the dependent variable.

Originality/value

This study is different from previous studies in SC, which focused on customer loyalty. It makes an alternative approach by investigating a “negative” factor capable of diverting user attention and commitment with the current SC platform, which leads to switching to another SC.
Islamic financial inclusion determinants in Indonesia: an ANP approach
Authors: Ali Mohammad Mahbubi , Devi Abrista , Furqani Hafas , Hamzah Hamzah
Published: July 2020

Purpose

This study aims to uncover the determinants of Islamic financial inclusion in Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses the analytic network process (ANP) to gather expert opinions and responses from academics, regulators and practitioners.

Findings

The ANP analysis discovered that the level of Islamic financial inclusion in Indonesia is influenced by two main drivers: the supply and the demand. The demand factors for Islamic financial inclusion, ranked based on their level of significance, are as follows: financial literacy (0.27), religious commitment (0.22), socioeconomic factor (0.19) and social influence (0.17), respectively. From the supply side, primary catalysts for Islamic financial inclusion based on their level of importance are human capital (0.32), product and services (0.24), infrastructure (0.18) and policies and regulation (0.17), respectively.

Research limitations/implications

The present study does not include the Islamic insurance sector in its determinant framework of Islamic financial inclusion in Indonesia.

Practical implications

This study serves as a reference for regulators in formulating appropriate policy strategies to strengthen the Islamic financial inclusion in Indonesia.

Originality/value

This study is a pioneer attempt to identify distinctive factors that influence the level of Islamic financial inclusion in Indonesia by analyzing expert opinions from diverse groups of Islamic finance stakeholders.
Measuring the intensity of innovation in the Brazilian food sector: a DEA-Malmquist approach
Authors: Cappellesso Giselle , Raimundo Cristiano Moreira , Thomé Karim Marini
Published: July 2020

Purpose

This study aims to measure the intensity of innovation in the Brazilian food sector and compares it to other manufacturing sectors in the country.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used economic and financial data provided by the annual survey of industry [Pesquisa Industrial Anual (PIAs), in Portuguese] and other supporting data provided by the survey of innovation [Pesquisa de Inovação (PINTEC), in Portuguese] and the classification of technology intensity (TI) proposed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. The authors subsequently applied the Malmquist index in addition to the data envelopment analysis to measure innovation.

Findings

The results reveal that the Brazilian food sector is classified as a sector with low TI and investment in research and development (R&D), which represents one of the lowest rates when compared to other sectors. Thus, the Brazilian food sector is far from achieving its full potential. Nevertheless, the authors noticed that the sugar refinery industry showed an evolution in its technology frontier and presented a frequency of innovation similar to the average of high-tech industries.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the debate on innovation in the food sector, emphasizing the need to accomplish higher investments in R&D to increase the productivity of the sector.
Linking empowering leadership and job attitudes: the role of psychological empowerment
Authors: Bharadwaja Manaswita , Tripathi Nachiketa
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of empowering leadership (EL) on work attitudes [job satisfaction (JS) and organizational commitment (OCOM)]. The effects of EL on these work attitudes were also analysed in terms of the mediating effects of psychological empowerment (PE).

Design/methodology/approach

A survey research methodology was adopted where responses were collected on relevant measures of the constructs from 431 middle-level executives from 12 Indian organizations.

Findings

Results implied that EL enhanced the levels of JS and OCOM of employees. The results further indicated that EL was positively related to PE at the workplace. The findings also revealed that PE was positively related to these positive work attitudes. Moreover, strong indirect effects of EL were observed on these work attitudes through PE, implying that PE partially mediated the impact of between EL on JS and OCOM.

Originality/value

The findings of this study affirm the efficacy of EL and PE in predicting positive work attitudes in a different cultural milieu than the West –the Indian work context. Especially, by establishing a strong positive relationship between empowerment and JS, it contributes to the existing literature underlining inconsistent findings with regard to this relationship.
Proactivity and responsiveness in value creation: a conceptual typology of market strategies
Authors: Brege Harald , Kindström Daniel
Published: July 2020

Purpose

To successfully create customer value, firms must use coherent market strategies and perform value-creating activities that enable them to develop solutions to customers’ needs. However, as firms exhibit differences in how they approach value creation, their market strategies will also differ. These differences among market strategies can be described through different combinations of proactivity and responsiveness, representing each firm’s value-creation logic. This study aims to increase understanding of how firms can improve the effectiveness of their market strategies by considering their associated value-creation logics.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conceptualize market strategies as coherent sets of value-creating activities. While the types of activities within a market strategy are driven by a firm’s strategic orientations, how these activities are performed is influenced by its value-creation logic. With this as the foundation, the authors develop a conceptual typology of archetypal market strategies based on the different value-creation logics that influence them.

Findings

The authors propose four distinct market strategies – habitual, visionary, adaptive and ambidextrous – representing unique ways in which value-creation logics influence the formation of market strategies. Furthermore, the authors highlight the need for activities to reflect consistent value-creation logics to create coherent market strategies and the authors provide an exploration of the activities that enable firms to implement different types of market strategies.

Originality/value

The typology expands the concept of market strategy, introducing the idea of a value-creation logic of proactivity and responsiveness, and thus demonstrating the need for more in-depth consideration of the value-creating activities that constitute market strategies to better understand how firms can create superior customer value.
How to improve employee satisfaction and efficiency through different enterprise social media use
Authors: Liang Ma , Xin Zhang , Yan Ding Xiao , Jianxiang Fei
Published: July 2020

Purpose

While prior research provides interesting insights into the effect of social media use in enterprises, there is limited research on how use of different social media platforms affects employee job satisfaction and work efficiency. This study developed a research model to investigate how public and private social media platforms used for different motivations affect employee job satisfaction and work efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach

Online surveys were conducted in China, generating 453 valid responses for analysis. Structural equation modeling is performed to test the research model and hypotheses.

Findings

The results suggest that (1) public social media used for both work- and social-related motivations positively affects employee job satisfaction, while private social media only used for social-related motivations can contribute to employee job satisfaction. (2) Public and private social media used for work-related motivations can contribute to employee work efficiency, while social-related motivations for use of public and private social media and employee work efficiency are not significant. (3) In the process of social media usage influencing employee job satisfaction and work efficiency, employees of different genders show significant differences.

Originality/value

First, this paper contributes to information systems social media research by examining the joint effects of different motivations for public and private social media usage on employee job satisfaction and work efficiency in organizations. Second, it contributes to uses and gratification theory by clarifying the relationship between different motivations for enterprise social media use and its needs.
A preliminary investigation assessing the basic digital capabilities of minimally verbal children on the autism spectrum with intellectual disability
Authors: Scholle Petr , Herrera Gerardo , Sevilla Javier , Brosnan Mark
Published: July 2020

Purpose

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can demonstrate a preference for using digital technologies which can represent a relative strength within the autism community. Such a strength would have implications for digitally mediated interventions and support for autism. However, research to date has not developed a methodology for assessing the capabilities of minimally verbal children on the autism spectrum with intellectual disability (ID) to use digital technology.

Design/methodology/approach

Six minimally verbal children with ASD and ID undertook an accessible assessment that identified what capabilities for interacting with a digital tablet device they could and could not demonstrate. Twelve brief assessments were demonstrated, including turning on the device, adjusting the volume, operating the camera, touching, tilting and rotating the screen.

Findings

Participants could be assessed on their digital capabilities. In this study, participants could largely touch and swipe the screen effectively and leave the app, but could not tilt and rotate the screen nor turn on the digital tablet device.

Research limitations/implications

While the numbers were small, the findings indicate that the digital capabilities of this group can usefully be assessed. Future research can use such assessments to highlight how intervention effectiveness and support can be enhanced by matching the digital capacities of minimally verbal children with ASD and ID to technological support. This is a preliminary study and a greater understanding of children’s prior experiences with technology will better inform how and which digital capabilities develop.

Originality/value

This is the first study to assess a range of basic capabilities for using digital tablet devices in minimally verbal children with ASD and ID.
Political institutions and the control of corruption: a cross-country evidence
Authors: Chong Siew Pyng Christine , Tee Chwee Ming , Cheng Seow Voon
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the significant association between political institutions and the control of corruption.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses ordinary least squares model to examine the following: quality of political institutions; the association between the strength of democratic institutions and control of corruption; the association between government effectiveness and control of corruption; and the association between legal institutions and control of corruption.

Findings

The result shows that there is positive association between democratic institutions, government bureaucracy and rule of law with the control of corruption. From the political perspective, stronger democratic institutions are found to be associated with higher ability to control corruption in a country. When viewed from country’s economic and social well-being perspective, highly effective government bureaucracy is positively associated with ability to control corruption. Finally, rule of law is also associated with the control of corruption.

Originality/value

This study points toward clear priorities for reform as stronger democratic institutions, efficient government bureaucracy and adherence to the rule of law improve the control of corruption. The results show that stronger democratic institutions, highly effective government bureaucracy and rule of law are associated with higher control of corruption. This supports the theory that quality political institutions reduce corruption in the long-run. In addition, this study shows that press freedom, regulatory quality and political stability further enhance the capacity of such institutions to combat corruption. Conversely, crony capitalism systems undermine this positive association.
The effect of internal corporate social responsibility practices on pharmaceutical firm's performance through employee intrapreneurial behaviour
Authors: Luu Dung Tien
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between employee perceived internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and pharmaceutical firms' performance with the mediating role of employee intrapreneurial behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach

The study sample consisted of 607 employees at pharmaceutical firms in Ho Chi Minh City of Vietnam. The data was analysed by a structural equation modelling (SEM).

Findings

The results revealed that the model fitted well into the empirical data considering the goodness-of-fit measures. The estimates results revealed the significant total effects of employee perception of internal CSR practices on pharmaceutical firms' performances through the influencing mechanism of employee intrapreneurial behaviour.

Practical implications

Employee welfare is a fundamental factor for organisational performance. Ethical organisations might yield prosperity through innovation employee behaviour. Firms should build the structure and mechanism to implement internal CSR and support the commitment of intrapreneurship.

Originality/value

The study investigates how employees respond to internal CSR practices and contribute to firm performance through employee intrapreneurial behaviour.
Effects of public procurement of R&D on the innovation process: evidence from the UK small business research initiative
Authors: Selviaridis Kostas
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The study aims to investigate how pre-commercial procurement (PCP) influences the activities, capabilities and behaviours of actors participating in the innovation process. Unlike much of PCP research underpinned by a market failure theoretical framework that evaluates the additionality of innovation inputs and outputs, this paper focusses on the role and capacity of PCP in addressing systemic failures impeding the process of innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

PCP effects on the innovation process were studied through a qualitative study of the UK small business research initiative (SBRI) programme. Data collection comprised 33 semi-structured interviews with key informants within 30 organisations and analysis of 80-plus secondary data sources. Interviewees included executives of technology-based small businesses, managers within public buying organisations and innovation policymakers and experts.

Findings

The UK SBRI improves connectivity and instigates research and development (R&D) related interactions and cooperation. Through securing government R&D contracts, small firms access relevant innovation ecosystems, build up their knowledge and capabilities and explore possible routes to market. Public organisations use the SBRI to connect to innovative small firms and access their sets of expertise and novel ideas. They also learn to appreciate the strategic role of procurement. Nonetheless, SBRI-funded small business face commercialisation and innovation adoption challenges because of institutional constraints pertaining to rules, regulations and public-sector norms of conduct.

Research limitations/implications

The study contributes to existing PCP research by demonstrating innovation process-related effects of PCP policies. It also complements literature on small business-friendly public procurement measures by highlighting the ways through which PCP, rather than commercial procurement procedures, can support the development of small businesses other than just facilitating their access to government (R&D) contracts.

Social implications

The study identifies several challenge areas that policymakers should address to improve the implementation of the UK SBRI programme.

Originality/value

The study demonstrates the effects of PCP on the activities, capabilities and behaviours of small businesses and public buying organisations involved in the innovation process.
Study on fire resistance of prefabricated concrete beam-column joint with end-plates
Authors: Li Shufeng , Deng Le , Di Zhao
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to put forward a high-strength bolt end-plate connection of prefabricated concrete beam-column joint and carry out the pseudo-static test.

Design/methodology/approach

ABAQUS finite element software is used to study the fire resistance performance of high-strength bolt end-plate prefabricated joint. This mainly considers the influence of axial compression ratio, screw preload, end-plate thickness and steel hoop thickness.

Findings

The results show that the thickness of end-plate and steel hoop has a certain effect on the fire resistance. The change of screw preload has little effect on the fire resistance limit. Compared with the cast-in-place concrete beam-column joint, the deformation trend of column-beam end of the fabricated joint is basically the same as that of cast-in-place joint.

Originality/value

To study the mechanical performance of this kind of joint more comprehensively, the finite element software is used to study the prefabricated concrete beam-column joint with end-plates, and the effects of axial compression ratio, screw preload, end-plate thickness and steel hoop thickness on the fire resistance of joints are mainly considered.