bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mordus du réel ?
Authors: Mosconi Muriel
Published: April 2024

Le désir du mathématicien est orienté par le réel, par la science de ce réel, la logique, et par l’écriture de ce réel en lettres vides de sens. Ce désir donne à Lacan une référence pour penser le désir de l’analyste avec son rapport au chiffrage de l’inconscient et à sa lettre. La formule de la triméthylamine du rêve de Freud en donne un exemple. Lacan reconnaît aussi dans le daïmon de Socrate, dans la voix qui l’oriente, son désir et il y corrèle une résistance à reconnaître le statut de la voix du psychotique. De grands cliniciens classiques, qui ont construit la clinique « d’avant le discours analytique » (Lacan), n’ont pas reculé face au réel de la clinique et notamment face au réel des voix dont la pseudo-clinique contemporaine tente d’abraser le tranchant. Ils n’ont pas reculé face au désir du psychotique, noué à ses voix. Le désir de Chaslin est aimanté par les hallucinations d’un psychotique où une main écrit des formules mathématiques. Elles évoquent l’écriture de chiffres et de lettres sur le mur du réel, comme la formule de la triméthylamine dans le rêve de l’injection d’Irma ou comme le jeu de la lettre vide de sens en mathématique.
Rafraîchir le désir
Authors: Zamora Jean-François
Published: April 2024

Dans l’événement de la psychanalyse, clinique et politique s’articulent et se nouent nécessairement à la praxis, soutenus en cela dans l’acte par le désir de l’analyste. Dans un moment inaugural de son enseignement, Lacan reprend le cas de « l’homme aux cervelles fraîches » après son traitement ego-psychologique par Kris et réengage la pratique psychanalytique sur la voie déterminée du désir.
Limiter et préserver sa pratique professionnelle
Authors: Rousset Cyprien
Published: April 2024

Cet article vise à comprendre le maintien, malgré sa restriction, de la pratique du cumul des mandats dans le champ politique français. L’étude des sénateurs et de leurs trajectoires permet de saisir les effets de la loi entrée en vigueur en 2017, qui leur a interdit le cumul de fonctions exécutives locales. En analysant les sénateurs comme les membres d’un groupe professionnel, cet article montre que cette nouvelle autocodification conjugue réponse à la mise en controverse externe du cumul des mandats et pérennisation de ce dernier, la multipositionnalité élective restant centrale après 2017. La restriction du cumul des mandats a néanmoins eu des conséquences importantes, sur la parité et les carrières électives.
Philosophie en Islam
Authors: Ayada Souâd
Published: April 2024

Longtemps attachée à un modèle d’historisation qui en faisait seulement le maillon de la transmission des philosophèmes helléniques à l’Europe et qui lui conférait pour seuls traits caractéristiques ceux de la philosophie médiévale, l’étude de la philosophie en islam a été entravée et obscurcie. Les recherches actuelles révèlent sa courbe singulière comme reprise conceptuelle de la révélation religieuse. Elles mettent en évidence ses thèmes fondamentaux : une ontologie où la question de l’être se transforme en hénologie, une théologie qui se fait méditation de la souveraineté divine, une psychologie qui fait droit à toutes les facultés et conçoit la perfection de l’âme dans l’exercice de l’intellect.
L’unité et l’unicité de Dieu
Authors: L. Lizzini Olga
Published: April 2024

Pour Avicenne, établir l’existence du Premier Principe, son unité, sa réalité et sa magnificence est la tâche principale de la métaphysique. En effet, la question de l’unité et de l’unicité de Dieu – le tawḥīd – a occupé les falāsifa – lecteurs et continuateurs des philosophes grecs anciens dans le contexte islamique – depuis les origines. On examine en particulier quelques passages du Livre de l’Un et de l’Unité d’al-Fārābī, dans lequel « le second maître » propose une conception précise de ce qui est un en-soi ; une conception qui, fondée sur l’idée d’identité, ou de quiddité de la chose, semble avoir joué un rôle décisif non seulement dans l’élaboration philosophique de l’unité de Dieu, mais aussi dans la conception de la distinction entre essence et existence, qui est au centre de la métaphysique avicennienne.
Quand le sport discrimine : la formation au recrutement ou la construction d’une déviance dans le secteur de la distribution sportive
Authors: Duflos Julie
Published: April 2024

Malgré le renforcement du cadre législatif antidiscriminatoire français depuis les années 2000 et la reconnaissance de l’apparence physique comme critère discriminatoire par la loi du 16 novembre 2001, plusieurs travaux ont montré la persistance de sa prise en compte lors des procédures de recrutement. Dans le secteur de la distribution sportive, le critère « être sportif pratiquant », érigé comme condition sine qua non d’embauche, amène les recruteurs à évaluer le capital sportif des candidats au travers de leur capital corporel. Cet article propose donc de comprendre ce qui, dans la socialisation professionnelle des recruteurs de ce secteur, les invite à discriminer et participe à la construction d’une déviance. L’observation de plusieurs sessions de formation au recrutement dispensées en interne montre que l’essentiel des discours et des apprentissages sont centrés sur le sport. Elle met au jour une mise en conformité des employés aux normes de l’entreprise qui correspond à la construction d’une déviance. Cette formation s’inscrit dans une visée de « formatage » des participants. Si elle apporte des outils aux stagiaires, elle aborde bien moins les obligations légales encadrant le recrutement, telle que la non-discrimination, laquelle irait à l’encontre des critères incontournables imposés par l’entreprise.
L’utile, le juste et l’efficace. La justification parlementaire relative à la discrimination positive dans la direction du sport
Authors: Caprais Annabelle
Published: April 2024

La loi « pour l’égalité réelle entre les femmes et les hommes » marque un tournant dans la lutte contre les inégalités de genre dans la direction du sport. Elle instaure de nouveaux quotas pour la composition des instances dirigeantes des fédérations sportives nationales. Elle échoue néanmoins à instaurer la parité, un objectif pourtant porté par le gouvernement. Quels sont les motifs idéologiques qui empêchent l’instauration de la parité ? L’objectif de cette contribution est de comprendre la façon dont les inégalités dans la gouvernance du sport sont conceptualisées par les pouvoirs publics. L’analyse porte sur les justifications (Boltanski & Thévenot, 1991) mobilisées par les parlementaires lors des débats législatifs. Elle montre que si la loi se donne pour objectif de parvenir à l’égalité réelle, les arguments mobilisés valorisent une « égalité efficace ». Enfin, l’imbrication des rapports sociaux (de sexe, race, classe, etc.) n’est jamais considérée, de sorte que la loi conduit à la production d’une égalité élitiste (Pochic, 2018). En ne prenant en compte que les inégalités de genre, les parlementaires participent à la mise en place de dispositifs qui ne bénéficient qu’à une certaine catégorie de dirigeantes, recréant, ainsi de nouvelles formes d’inégalités.
La notion de tradition liturgique : une contribution à une Église de forme synodale ? En mémoire du 60 e anniversaire de Sacrosanctum Concilium
Authors: Prétot Patrick
Published: April 2024

Les débats autour de la démarche synodale en cours dans l’Église catholique demeurent prisonniers de la crise qui a suivi Vatican II et qui s’est manifestée spécialement dans la liturgie. Mais c’est précisément parce que la tradition liturgique a servi de lieu phare d’une contestation qui visait plus globalement l’ aggiornamento de l’Église voulu par Jean XXIII, qu’elle est peut-être également le lieu même qu’il faut considérer pour ouvrir l’étape nouvelle que vise le synode actuel.
Le poète et le musicien : convergences, assonances, dissonances ?
Authors: Bellanger Emmanuel
Published: April 2024

Est-il si évident ou même pertinent de répandre de la musique sur un poème ? Cela ne va pas de soi, pour peu que l’on examine la question de près. En effet, comment nommer ce rapport entre musique et poésie ? Complémentarité, révélation, prolongement, commentaire ? Que devient le poème quand il est chanté, que devient la musique quand elle surgit de racines poétiques ? Où discerner la présence de l’un et de l’autre dans ce qui est devenu une création unique appelée mélodie ou Lied ? Autant de questions que quelques poètes et compositeurs nous aideront à examiner : Éluard, Poulenc, Messiaen, Jaccottet, Boulez…
Stability analysis for a HIV model with cell-to-cell transmission, two immune responses and induced apoptosis
Authors: Meng Ru , Luo Yantao , Zheng Tingting
Published: April 2024

In this paper, a dynamic HIV model with cell-to-cell transmission, two immune responses, and induced apoptosis is proposed and studied. First, the non-negativity and boundedness of the solutions of the model are given, and then the exact expression of the basic reproduction number $ R_{0} $ is obtained by using the next generation matrix method. Second, criteria are obtained for the local stability of the disease-free equilibrium, immune response-free equilibrium, and the infected equilibrium with both humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, the threshold conditions are also derived for the global asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium, immune response-free equilibrium, and the infected equilibrium with both humoral and cellular immune responses by constructing the suitable Lyapunov function. Finally, some numerical simulations are conducted to verify the theoretical results; the numerical simulation results show that the increase of apoptosis rate had a positive role in the control of viral infection.
Artificial intelligence in screening and diagnosis of surgical diseases: A narrative review
Authors: Palomba Giuseppe , Fernicola Agostino , Corte Marcello Della , Capuano Marianna , De Palma Giovanni Domenico , Aprea Giovanni
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasing role in several fields of medicine. It is also gaining popularity among surgeons as a valuable screening and diagnostic tool for many conditions such as benign and malignant colorectal, gastric, thyroid, parathyroid, and breast disorders. In the literature, there is no review that groups together the various application domains of AI when it comes to the screening and diagnosis of main surgical diseases. The aim of this review is to describe the use of AI in these settings. We performed a literature review by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase for all studies investigating the role of AI in the surgical setting, published between January 01, 2000, and June 30, 2023. Our focus was on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analysis, systematic reviews, and observational studies, dealing with large cohorts of patients. We then gathered further relevant studies from the reference list of the selected publications. Based on the studies reviewed, it emerges that AI could strongly enhance the screening efficiency, clinical ability, and diagnostic accuracy for several surgical conditions. Some of the future advantages of this technology include implementing, speeding up, and improving the automaticity with which AI recognizes, differentiates, and classifies the various conditions.
Enhancing Emotionally Intelligent Responses in AIML Systems Through Idiom-Emoticon Integration and Analysis
Authors: Bishop Jonathan , Hassan Wahid , Bilsland Robert , Alexander Elias
Published: April 2024

This research enhances Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML) systems' understanding of English idioms and their emotional contexts. By integrating a database of 3,500 idioms with 16 emoticons representing different emotions, the study aims to enable AI to interpret idioms beyond their literal meanings and respond appropriately to their emotional undertones. The methodology includes collecting idioms from various online sources, using Python for extraction, and XML for data structuring. The emoticons, sourced from the Crocels Troller-Sniper Emotion Index 16, are selected to encompass a wide range of emotions, and then encoded with idioms in the XML database for dynamic, context-sensitive AI responses. Using Python, idioms and emoticons are combined and processed through the OpenAI API. The responses are analysed for sentiment and emotional alignment using Python, Pandas, and NLP tools, refining the AIML system's emotional intelligence. Additionally, a Python Flask API Gateway is developed for AIML parser integration, enhancing user interaction by providing emoticon-aligned responses. This research demonstrates the effective use of AI models and programming tools in creating a nuanced, emotionally intelligent dataset of idioms, significantly advancing AI's linguistic capabilities and understanding.
Workplace Transformation
Authors: Goel Ridhima , Singla Jagdeep
Published: April 2024

Recent years have witnessed a dramatic transformation in the workplace when it comes to flexibility, mostly as a result of advances in technology and changes in societal perceptions regarding the nature of work. This chapter covers the primary influences that lead to this change, the significant effects it has on businesses and the employees they hire, as well as the prospects and obstacles that may follow. In addition, this chapter discusses implications for the path of work, taking into consideration the profound and complex impacts of this fundamental shift on businesses, workers, and society at large. Based on these findings, the chapter provides recommendations to organizations striving to make their way amid this evolving environment so they may establish a more adaptable, long-lasting, favorable work environment.
Cloud Robotics in Education
Authors: Hemanth Babitha , Kumar Samarth S. , Devananda Drishya
Published: April 2024

Through case studies, the chapter illustrates how cloud-enhanced robotics positively influences education. It introduces popular platforms and their features conducive to educational settings, providing insights into hands-on programming exercises and projects. This equips educators and learners with valuable resources for cultivating programming skills in robotics. It emphasizes transformative impacts on learning experiences, emphasizing flexibility, inclusivity, and successful implementations in remote learning scenarios.
AI Applications for the Healthcare Industry 4.0
Authors: Sial Quratulain , Fateh Sana , Jhanjhi N. Z. A.
Published: April 2024

The primary object of this chapter is to evaluate AI and its application for the Healthcare Industry 4.0. With artificial intelligence, jobs completed by humans are completed faster and at a fraction of the cost, making life easier for patients, physicians, and hospital managers. Artificial intelligence (AI) is used in healthcare in various ways, including discovering new connections between genetic codes, powering robots that assist during surgery, automating administrative work, customizing treatment options, and much more. The numerous contemporary uses of AI in the healthcare industry are examined and discussed. The study focuses on the three newest and most promising areas of AI-powered healthcare: patient care, clinical trials, and AI-led drug development. Time-consuming data monitoring techniques can also be eliminated with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI). large amounts of data may be handled, and highly accurate outcomes can be obtained via AI-assisted clinical trials. Businesses specializing in medical AI provide tools that support patients in all ways. Clinical intelligence also analyzes patients' medical data, offering them insights to help them live better lives. Healthcare 4.0 improves the quality, adaptability, efficiency, and reliability of healthcare delivery by enhancing the patient experience. IoT and intelligent algorithms are all connected and used in healthcare.
Escola pra que(m)?
Authors: Cechella Philippi Carolina
Published: April 2024

Resenha de: Gil, N. L. (2023). Exclusionary Rationalities in Brazilian Schooling: Decolonizing Historical Studies. Routledge.
O estado de São Paulo e seus municípios no desenvolvimento da instrução pública
Authors: Martin Carolina , Vieira Cesar Romero Amaral , Honorato Tony
Published: April 2024

Este artigo apresenta análises que buscam compreender como o município de Piracicaba se destacou na área educacional da província/estado de São Paulo, no período da transição do Império para a República (1880-1910). A categoria Município Pedagógico é a base historiográfica. As fontes documentais são nacionais, provinciais/estaduais e municipais. Os resultados revelam que na província/estado de São Paulo as câmaras municipais foram responsabilizadas por inúmeras ações que eram obrigação provincial/estadual. Piracicaba, além de cumprir com essas obrigações, desenvolveu suas próprias inciativas e apoiou as ofertas educacionais de diversos setores da sociedade. Esse processo, permeado por ideais republicanos, mobilizou políticos, particulares e educadores locais.
Diagnosis of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) in adults
Authors: Somaratne I.
Published: April 2024

No abstract available
A case of indolent systemic mastocytosis with extensive cutaneous involvement
Authors: Wickramasinghe W. A. O. N. , Ediriwickrama N.
Published: April 2024

No abstract available
The Book
Authors: Brooks David
Published: April 2024

No abstract available.
A Scots 'salvationist' perspective of the siege of Mafeking: The diary of Thomas A. Young
Authors: Bottomley John
Published: April 2024

No abstract available.
Gene-Environment Interaction of Interleukin 10 Gene Polymorphism, rs1800896, with Lifestyle on Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Udenze Ifeoma Christiana , Taiwo Idowu Adewunmi , Amadi Casmir E. , Adeyemo Wasiu Lanre
Published: April 2024

Background:

Gene–environment interactions play a major role in the phenotypic expression of complex disease traits such as those for cardiovascular diseases.

Aims:

This study aimed to determine the gene–environment interactions that underpin the relationship between interleukin-10 (IL-10) single-nucleotide polymorphism (1082 G/A [rs1800896]) with lifestyle on cardiovascular disease risk in adult Nigerians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Setting and Design:

This case–control study involved patients with type 2 DM with high cardiovascular risk, determined by the Framingham’s classification, and age, sex, and diabetes-duration matched subjects with low and intermediate cardiovascular risks.

Subjects and Methods:

The genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by allelic discrimination using the Applied Biosystems 7900HT Fast Real-Time PCR System. One-way analysis of variance and logistic regression were employed for analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to estimate the risk caused by the polymorphism. P <0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

The odds for cardiovascular risk decreased progressively in individuals with the GG, GA, and AA genotypes (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.49–1.28, P = 0.345 and OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.24–0.88, P = 0.018 for GA and AA genotypes, respectively. A significantly higher proportion of homozygous (AA) individuals were in the low cardiovascular risk group (54.2%, P = 0.018). Compared with the whole study population, individuals with the AA genotype had consistently lower odds for cardiovascular risk in subpopulations like alcohol users (OR = 0.25 [0.11–0.55], P = 0.001), but the odds were higher among smokers (OR = 1.80 [1.14–2.90], P = 0.017) and those with sedentary lifestyles (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.14–5.33, P = 0.024).

Conclusions:

The homozygous mutant genotype AA of the IL-10 gene 1082 G/A had a protective effect on cardiovascular risk in type 2 DM. However, this protection was absent in those leading a sedentary lifestyle.
Adrenal Hypoplasia Congenita Presenting as Adrenal Crisis, Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia, and Hyperpigmentation
Authors: Naeem Ammara , Rahman Sajjad Ur , Abdulghany Mohammad Hassan , Alnakshi Yamen , Alsayady Muath Hosin
Published: April 2024

Adrenal hypoplasia congenita is a relatively rare disorder characterized by atrophy or hypoplasia of the adrenal gland. It was first described by Sikl H in 1948 in 33-day-old infant. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive or X-linked disorder. It presents usually with adrenal insufficiency. In this article, we are presenting a case of congenital adrenal hypoplasia which presented with hypoglycemia, adrenal insufficiency, hyperbilirubinemia, and acquired hyperpigmentation in the neonatal period.
The Role of Procalcitonin in Neonatal Sepsis-examining Facts and Misconceptions
Authors: Mustapha Samaha Saleh , Adedeji Idris Abiodun , Dogara Amina Bashir , Yusuf Muhammad Shamsuddeen , Aliyu Shamsudin , Abdulkadir Isa
Published: April 2024

Background:

Neonatal sepsis has remained a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in neonatal diagnostics, its diagnosis has remained challenging majorly because its symptoms are vague and blood culture which remains the gold standard for diagnosis is cumbersome and has poor yield and other forms of sepsis are usually not sought for (anaerobes, viral fungal). The search for newer diagnostic methods is still on going and procalcitonin has shown some promise.

Aim/Objective:

The aim of the study is to examine the role procalcitonin plays in neonatal sepsis.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 248 neonates with suspicion of sepsis were enrolled and had their samples taken for blood culture, full blood count, C-reactive and procalcitonin assay based on which the neonates were classified as proven, suspected and clinical sepsis.

Result:

The behaviour of procalcitonin in the different sepsis groups (more elevated in proven and suspected than clinical), ages (to accommodate the physiologic variation seen in the first 72hours of life) and according to isolates (more elevated in gram negative than gram positive sepsis). The diagnostic value of procalcitonin was also determined and found have sensitivity 74.5%, specificity 38.3%, positive predictive value 42.4% and negative predictive value 71.1%, which were better after >72hours of life.

Conclusion:

For now, procalcitonin should continue to serve as a supportive marker for sepsis as its levels are affected by age of the neonate, sepsis mimics, and type of offending organism causing the infection.
Sonographic “Comet Tail” Artifacts in the Urinary Bladder in a Case of Type V Hyperlipidemia: A Previously Unreported Association
Authors: Lahel Ranjit Singh , Mathur Smriti
Published: April 2024

The case pertains to a 29-year-old male who presented with epigastric pain at the hospital. On evaluation, he was sonographically detected to have “comet tail” reverberation artifacts involving the echogenic floaters in the lumen of the urinary bladder. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with Type V hyperlipidemia and acute pancreatitis. The association between this classic sonographic finding and hyperlipidemia has not been previously found documented in the available literature and hence merits a discussion of the relevant clinical details pertaining to the case.
Role of Ancillary Techniques in Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology – “Redefining Categories, Refining Diagnosis”
Authors: Kapoor Shilpa , Samanta Satarupa , Kaur Kanwalpreet
Published: April 2024

Background:

The “International System of Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (TIS)” together with cytomorphology promotes the use of ancillary techniques to resolve difficulties in reporting serous fluid cytology.

Objective:

To classify serous effusion fluid samples received at our department in line with “TIS”, indicating the risk of malignancy (ROM), and directing appropriate usage of ancillary testing.

Materials and Methods:

Prospective study carried out from October 2021 to September 2022. The study included all pleural, ascitic, and pericardial fluid samples, reported according to ‘TIS’. Flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry were ancillary methods utilized to assist in reporting. Cases with available history and convincing correlations didn’t require further assessment.

Results:

A total of 1200 serous effusion samples were evaluated including 604 pleural, 591 ascitic, and 5 pericardial fluid samples. After categorization, there were 23 samples in non-diagnostic (ND, 1.9%), 575 in negative for malignancy (NFM, 47.91%), 44 in atypia of undetermined significance (AUS, 3.66%), 64 in suspicious for malignancy (SFM, 5.33%), and 494 in malignant category (MAL, 41.16%). Ancillary studies were beneficial in the recategorization of 26% (11/44) AUS cases, 29.6% (19/64) SFM cases, and it helped refine tumor characteristics in 35.42% (175/494) cases categorized as malignant. Final ROM calculated for each category: ND 25%, NFM 18.6%, AUS 66.6%, SFM 88%, and MAL 100%.

Conclusion:

Serous fluid is an easily obtainable sample that can provide opportunities for ancillary testing with clinical implications. In AUS and suspicious category although, diagnostic yield is increased however, a larger number of cases are required to obtain definite results.
The Difficulties and Ease of Diagnosing Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas on Cytology
Authors: Sekar Mithraa Devi , Gochhait Debasis , Venkatesan Devi , Siddaraju Neelaiah , Kar Rakhee
Published: April 2024

Introduction and Objectives:

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a unique non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), is a CD30-positive neoplasm of T-cell lineage. Its distinctive yet variable cytomorphology makes diagnosing fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) challenging. This study was undertaken to study the cytomorphology and the utility of immunocytochemical (ICC) stains on cytology in ALCL and to discuss their morphological differential diagnosis.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was conducted in the Department of Pathology of a tertiary care center. A retrospective review was done from January 2017 to July 2022, and all histopathologically and immunohistochemically (IHC) diagnosed cases of ALCL were taken and correlated with the cytological diagnosis.

Results:

Twenty-one cases of histopathology examination and IHC-proven cases of ALCL were retrieved from the departmental archives and reviewed. The ages ranged from 3 to 80 years (median age 28 years). Commonly noted cytomorphologic features included singly dispersed large pleomorphic cells, hallmark cells, and Reed-Sternberg-like cells. CD15, CD30, epithelial membrane antigen, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 were some of the ICC stains used in this study. All 21 cases had cytology correlation. Fourteen cases had concordant cyto-histological correlation. Seven cases of histopathologically proven ALCL were reported as Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in three, ALCL/anaplastic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, HL/ALCL, poorly differentiated carcinoma, and NHL in one case each on cytology.

Conclusion:

ALCL has a reasonably distinct cytomorphologic appearance and ICC staining pattern, and a careful interpretation of both helps arrive at a reliable FNAC diagnosis.
T cell interactions with microglia in immune-inflammatory processes of ischemic stroke
Authors: Zheng Yuxiao , Ren Zilin , Liu Ying , Yan Juntang , Chen Congai , He Yanhui , Shi Yuyu , Cheng Fafeng , Wang Qingguo , Li Changxiang , Wang Xueqian
Published: April 2024

The primary mechanism of secondary injury after cerebral ischemia may be the brain inflammation that emerges after an ischemic stroke, which promotes neuronal death and inhibits nerve tissue regeneration. As the first immune cells to be activated after an ischemic stroke, microglia play an important immunomodulatory role in the progression of the condition. After an ischemic stroke, peripheral blood immune cells (mainly T cells) are recruited to the central nervous system by chemokines secreted by immune cells in the brain, where they interact with central nervous system cells (mainly microglia) to trigger a secondary neuroimmune response. This review summarizes the interactions between T cells and microglia in the immune-inflammatory processes of ischemic stroke. We found that, during ischemic stroke, T cells and microglia demonstrate a more pronounced synergistic effect. Th1, Th17, and M1 microglia can co-secrete pro-inflammatory factors, such as interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β, to promote neuroinflammation and exacerbate brain injury. Th2, Treg, and M2 microglia jointly secrete anti-inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-4, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor-β, to inhibit the progression of neuroinflammation, as well as growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor to promote nerve regeneration and repair brain injury. Immune interactions between microglia and T cells influence the direction of the subsequent neuroinflammation, which in turn determines the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. Clinical trials have been conducted on the ways to modulate the interactions between T cells and microglia toward anti-inflammatory communication using the immunosuppressant fingolimod or overdosing with Treg cells to promote neural tissue repair and reduce the damage caused by ischemic stroke. However, such studies have been relatively infrequent, and clinical experience is still insufficient. In summary, in ischemic stroke, T cell subsets and activated microglia act synergistically to regulate inflammatory progression, mainly by secreting inflammatory factors. In the future, a key research direction for ischemic stroke treatment could be rooted in the enhancement of anti-inflammatory factor secretion by promoting the generation of Th2 and Treg cells, along with the activation of M2-type microglia. These approaches may alleviate neuroinflammation and facilitate the repair of neural tissues.
Increased excitatory amino acid transporter 2 levels in basolateral amygdala astrocytes mediate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behavior
Authors: Xu Xirong , Xuan Shoumin , Chen Shuai , Liu Dan , Xiao Qian , Tu Jie
Published: April 2024

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202506000-00024/figure1/v/2024-08-08T040853Z/r/image-tiff

The conventional perception of astrocytes as mere supportive cells within the brain has recently been called into question by empirical evidence, which has revealed their active involvement in regulating brain function and encoding behaviors associated with emotions. Specifically, astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala have been found to play a role in the modulation of anxiety-like behaviors triggered by chronic stress. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms by which basolateral amygdala astrocytes regulate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behaviors remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we found that in a mouse model of anxiety triggered by unpredictable chronic mild stress, the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 was upregulated in the basolateral amygdala. Interestingly, our findings indicate that the targeted knockdown of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically within the basolateral amygdala astrocytes was able to rescue the anxiety-like behavior in mice subjected to stress. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, whether achieved through intracranial administration of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 agonists or through injection of excitatory amino acid transporter 2-overexpressing viruses with GfaABC1D promoters, evoked anxiety-like behavior in mice. Our single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis further confirmed that chronic stress induced an upregulation of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically in astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala. Moreover, through in vivo calcium signal recordings, we found that the frequency of calcium activity in the basolateral amygdala of mice subjected to chronic stress was higher compared with normal mice. After knocking down the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, the frequency of calcium activity was not significantly increased, and anxiety-like behavior was obviously mitigated. Additionally, administration of an excitatory amino acid transporter 2 inhibitor in the basolateral amygdala yielded a notable reduction in anxiety level among mice subjected to stress. These results suggest that basolateral amygdala astrocytic excitatory amino acid transporter 2 plays a role in in the regulation of unpredictable chronic mild stress-induced anxiety-like behavior by impacting the activity of local glutamatergic neurons, and targeting excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala holds therapeutic promise for addressing anxiety disorders.
Interleukin 1β receptor and synaptic dysfunction in recurrent brain infection with Herpes simplex virus type-1
Authors: Piacentini Roberto , Grassi Claudio
Published: April 2024

Several experimental evidence suggests a link between brain Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and the occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood. Among the molecular mediators of synaptic and cognitive dysfunction occurring after Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and reactivation in the brain neuroinflammatory cytokines seem to occupy a central role. Here, we specifically reviewed literature reports dealing with the impact of neuroinflammation on synaptic dysfunction observed after recurrent Herpes simplex virus type-1 reactivation in the brain, highlighting the role of interleukins and, in particular, interleukin 1β as a possible target against Herpes simplex virus type-1-induced neuronal dysfunctions.
Optimization of Arterial Stents for May-Thurner Syndrome Management in West Java: Experience and Outcome
Authors: Pasciolly R. Mohammad Reza Juniery , Laksono Sidhi
Published: April 2024

Context:

May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) is an anatomical defect where the right common iliac artery overrides and compresses the left iliofemoral vein. MTS causes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) but is often underdiagnosed. As anticoagulant management (warfarin) rarely achieves target INR, endovascular management is vital for MTS. Surgical and endovascular management of MTS has known to have similar good outcome. Endovascular management is generally facilitated using a venous stent. However, the unavailability of the venous stent in Indonesia made arterial stent be optimized during vein stenting procedure.

Aims:

We aim to report our experience.

Settings and Design:

Consecutive observational study within 26 months in a hospital in West Java including 6 MTS patients.

Subjects and Methods:

Diagnosis is established by the finding of proximal femoral DVT by ultrasonography further confirmed by computed tomography (CT) angiography. Endovascular management was done using arterial stent placement. After endovascular management, we reviewed the outcome on a follow-up including stent fracture, in-stent restenosis (ISR), and stent patency. These are also monitored by serial imaging by CT Angiography, with periods ranging from 1.5 to 10 months (mean: 4.08 months). Direct oral anticoagulants and antiplatelets are usually given along with compression stockings following the procedure.

Statistical Analysis Used:

None.

Results:

No stent fracture, no ISR, and the stent remained patent after follow-up. No patient had complications.

Conclusions:

Apart from the difference in radial power compared to the venous stent, the arterial stent is feasible to use during MTS endovascular management with good postprocedural results. Prompt management is needed to prevent complication and chronic total occlusion. Comprehensive management should be ensured to optimize patients’ quality of life. We do hope that venous stent will be available in the future.
Comparison of the surgical outcomes between paravaginal repair and anterior colporrhaphy: A retrospective case–control study
Authors: Chen Pei-Chen , Tsui Wing Lam , Ding Dah-Ching
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

This study compared the surgical outcomes of anterior vaginal wall repair (A-repair) and paravaginal repair (PVR) for laparoscopic pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgeries.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective case–control study recruited patients who underwent laparoscopic POP surgeries in our hospital from May 1, 2013, to May 31, 2022, using the health insurance surgical code payment system (laparoscopic colpopexy/hysteropexy/cervicopexy: 80025B) in Taiwan. The patients were divided into A-repair (group 1) and PVR (group 2). Patients aged <20 years, without postoperative outcomes, and without baseline characteristics were excluded. Baseline characteristics (age, menopausal status, parity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension) were collected. The outcome was to compare the changes in Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) scores (Aa, Ba, and total vaginal length) preoperatively and 1–2 months, 3–6 months, and 1 year postoperatively in the two groups.

Results:

After exclusion, 23 and 10 patients in A-repair and PVR, respectively, were recruited. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. Patients in both groups showed significant improvement in Aa and Ba of POP-Q 1–2 months and 3–6 months postoperatively, except for those in group 2 1 year postoperatively. However, there was no significant difference in postoperative scores between the two groups at 1–2 months, 3–6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. The estimated blood loss did not exhibit a significant difference between the two groups; however, PVR had a longer duration of operation.

Conclusion:

The surgical outcomes of A-repair and PVR for the anterior compartment were comparable at 1–2 months, 3–6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.
Development of Standards for Metadata Documentation in Citizen Science Projects
Authors: Mantari Mincami Lizet Doriela , Giron Hilario Romero , Sanabria Edith Mariela Quispe , Lago Luis Alberto Poma , Vittes Jose Francisco Via y Rada , Artica Jessenia Vasquez , Ricapa Linda Flor Villa
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Citizen science has generated large volumes of data contributed by citizens in the last decade. However, the lack of standardization in metadata threatens the interoperability and reuse of information.Objective: The objective was to develop a proposal for standards to document metadata in citizen science projects in order to improve interoperability and data reuse.Methods: A literature review was conducted that characterized the challenges in metadata documentation. Likewise, it analyzed previous experiences with standards such as Darwin Core and Dublin Core.Results: The review showed a high heterogeneity in the documentation, making interoperability difficult. The analyzes showed that standards facilitate the flow of information when they cover basic needs.Conclusions: It was concluded that standardizing metadata is essential to harness the potential of citizen science. The initial proposal, consisting of flexible norms focused on critical aspects, sought to establish bases for a collaborative debate considering the changing needs of this community.
Research on Network Security Situation Prediction Algorithm Combining
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Gao Hui , Guo Liang
Published: April 2024

The expansion of the internet has made everyone’s personal and professional lives
more transparent. There are network security issues because people like sharing
resources under the right conditions. Academics have demonstrated significant
interest in situation awareness, which includes situation prediction, situation
appraisal, and event detection, rather than focusing on the security of a single
device in the network. Multi-stage attack forecasting and security situation
awareness are two significant issues for network supervisors because the future
usually is unknown. Hence, this study suggests combined intuitionistic fuzzy
sets and deep neural network (CIFS-DNN) for network security situation
prediction. The goal is to provide network administrators with a resource they
can use as a point of reference while they formulate and carry out preventive
actions in the event of a network assault. The job requires differentiating
between the event of an assault and a typical instance, as well as
differentiating between the various sorts of attacks and a typical case. In this
article, we present a model that can more accurately and effectively forecast
network security scenarios, and our experiments bear this out. The results show
that the proposed technique is successful and exact in predicting network
security issues. The suggested CIFS-DNN approach has a low delay rate of 10%, a
low latency rate of 20%, a low error rate of 25%, a high prediction ratio of
98.6%, a high security rate of 98.3%, a high accuracy ratio of 99.6%, and a high
efficiency ratio of 93.9%
Dolo eventual: considerações sobre a teoria de Ingeborg Puppe
Authors: Jakobs Günther
Published: April 2024

Through the use of specialized literature as well as the main court rulings in the country of origin, this paper offers an analysis of the central components of the theory of intentional danger (Vorsatzgefahr), proposed by the German Criminal Law Professor Ingeborg Puppe, to characterize the cases in which possible dolus is attributed. The cognitive element is analyzed; the competence to assess the known risk; and the content of the intentional danger, as a rational strategy for producing the result. Finally, some considerations are also made about the distinction between dolus directus and dolus eventualis. Although the theory is positively evaluated, some incongruities are pointed out, particularly with regard to the possible reduction of the area of dolus directus.
Framework for $\exists \mathbb{R}$-Completeness of Two-Dimensional Packing Problems
Authors: Abrahamsen Mikkel , Miltzow Tillmann , Seiferth Nadja
Published: April 2024

The aim in packing problems is to decide if a given set of pieces can be
placed inside a given container. A packing problem is defined by the types of
pieces and containers to be handled, and the motions that are allowed to move
the pieces. The pieces must be placed so that in the resulting placement, they
are pairwise interior-disjoint. We establish a framework which enables us to
show that for many combinations of allowed pieces, containers and motions, the
resulting problem is $\exists \mathbb{R}$-complete. This means that the problem
is equivalent (under polynomial time reductions) to deciding whether a given
system of polynomial equations and inequalities with integer coefficients has a
real solution.
We consider packing problems where only translations are allowed as the
motions, and problems where arbitrary rigid motions are allowed, i.e., both
translations and rotations. When rotations are allowed, we show that it is an
$\exists \mathbb{R}$-complete problem to decide if a set of convex polygons,
each of which has at most $7$ corners, can be packed into a square. Restricted
to translations, we show that the following problems are $\exists
\mathbb{R}$-complete: (i) pieces bounded by segments and hyperbolic curves to
be packed in a square, and (ii) convex polygons to be packed in a container
bounded by segments and hyperbolic curves.
rosto retirante:
Authors: Aparecido de Freitas da Silva Claudinei , Pacheco Gomes Camila
Published: April 2024

O artigo examina, em particular, o quadro Retirantes, de 1944, da célebre série homônima levada a curso por Portinari. Em especial, tal exame se centra no conceito de “rosto” como categoria cênica, a fim de ilustrar, na obra do pintor, o fenômeno da migração nordestina. Para tanto, o texto, a seguir, sugere a seguinte aproximação hermenêutica: a de situar a tela portinariana à luz de algumas intuições levinasianas e dusselianas em que a categoria de rosto assume um estatuto proeminente no contexto de uma ética da alteridade.
THE DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MODIFIED POLYTHIOPHENE SUPPORTED PLANT MEDIATED CO-NI BIMETALLIC NANOCOMPOSITES
Authors: Awolola G. V. , Ayoola R. O. , Saliu O. D. , Oluwaniyi O. O. , Dosumu O. O. , Oladeji O. S.
Published: April 2024

Ficus mucuso leaf extract was employed as reducing agent in the synthesis of Co-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) with two precursors namely; Cobalt (ii) nitrate hexahydrate; [CO(NO3)2.6H2O] and nickel (ii) nitrate hexahydrate; [Ni (NO3)2.6H2O]. Afterwards, acid modified polythiophene was synthesized through the in-situ and ex-situ coupling approach. The nanocomposite obtained from the in-situ method was labelled ‘A’ and that of the ex-situ, ‘B’. The in-situ approach was considered to be more appropriate for synthesizing the BMNPs as confirmed by characterization using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The hexagonal cobalt and the cubic nickel were investigated using XRD to determine the particle sizes taking Debye-Scherrer’s equation to be around 14.495nm for sample A and 15.689nm for sample B. This was reported to be responsible for the corresponding intense peak at A over B. The SEM and TEM measurements portray good correlation indicating the presence of agglomerates in sample B. The EDS analysis taken reported a higher weight of the cobalt and nickel compositions in A than in B. TGA explained the higher decomposition rate of B than A. Also, a more pronounced intense peak was observed in A than in B using FTIR technique. This comparison of both samples makes in-situ synthesis unquestionably the best because of its outstanding performance over ex-situ approach. This is the first report of Ficus Mucuso plant extract being used in nanosynthesis.
EFEKTIFITAS MATERI AQIDAH AKHLAK DALAM MENINGKATKAN KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL DAN EMOSIONAL SISWA
Authors: Sa'adatul Abadiyah  , Ulil Hidayah
Published: April 2024

One of the ways that the ideal of life is realized is through education, especially Islamic education among Muslims, which serves to internalize these Islamic principles and pass them on to the next generation. Schools as educational institutions have an important role in implementing the learning objectives of moral beliefs. Because, developing spiritual and emotional intelligence in students has a significant impact in shaping character. This research is of descriptive qualitative type to analyze material on moral beliefs in increasing the spiritual and emotional intelligence of students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Miftahul Ulum Probolinggo. Based on the results of the study, MTs Miftahul Ulum Anak Probolinggo has strong emotional intelligence. They are able to regulate their emotions effectively, as seen by the fact that they do not feel intimidated by the rules and regulations that exist in school. Meanwhile, it can be said that the students of MTs Miftahul Ulum Probolinggo often have good spiritual intelligence in terms of their strong faith and acute environmental sensitivity.
Halal Tourism Destination Development Strategy Based on Jambi Local Wisdom Seberang City as a Pioneer of Jambi City Halal Tourism Destinations
Authors: Isnaeni Nurida , Lubis Paulina , Ridhwan Ridhwan , Chairiyati Fauziah
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze problems and formulate and strategize in the development of halal tourism destinations rooted in local wisdom in Jambi Seberang City. The research method used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The specific methodology applied is the Analytic Network Process (ANP), which is implemented through Super Decision software. ANP was chosen for its ability to set priorities in the context of decision making. The results obtained from this study show that the main issue faced is related to government participation. The priority strategies identified include the formation of synergies between various interested parties, increasing government commitment in supporting the development of halal tourism, developing a structured halal tourism development concept, and improving the quality of human resources. Through this research, it is expected to be a source and basis for planning the development of halal tourism in Jamb, especially in Jambi Kota Seberang.