bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrés percibido en deportistas mexicanos durante la pandemia por COVID-19: diferencias por sexo y nivel de rendimiento (Perceived stress in Mexican athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic: differences by gender and performance level)
Authors: Martínez-Alvarado Julio Román , Aguiar Palacios Luis Horacio , Padilla-Bautista Joaquín Alberto , Infante Parra Daniela V. , Guerrero Sicairos Mitzi J. , Asadi-González Ahmed Ali
Published: September 2022

Una de las principales consecuencias negativas de la actual pandemia por COVID-19, es el impacto sobre la ansiedad y el estrés. Entre los factores que se deben tomar en cuenta para evaluar la respuesta psicosocial de los deportistas ante el COVID-19, están los factores sociodemográficos, por lo que el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar si la percepción de estrés depende del sexo y el nivel de rendimiento en deportistas mexicanos durante la pandemia por COVID-19. La muestra de este estudio estuvo conformada por 596 deportistas mexicanos, de ambos sexos (mujeres = 40.4%) y con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y 40 años (M = 22.3, DE = 6.87). Los deportistas contestaron la Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) y un cuestionario para indagar sobre aspectos sociodemográficos. Los resultados obtenidos a través de la comparación de grupos, indicaron que las mujeres presentaron niveles superiores de estrés percibido que los hombres. Por otro lado, los deportistas de nivel amateur reportaron niveles más altos que los deportistas profesionales. Los resultados del análisis de diferencia muestran que la percepción de estrés depende del sexo y nivel de rendimiento. Estos resultados podrían utilizarse para incrementar la eficacia de los protocolos aplicados para controlar el estrés durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en deportistas.
Abstract. One of the main consequences of the current COVID-19 pandemic is the impact on anxiety and stress levels. Among the factors that must be taken into account to evaluate the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on athletes are sociodemographic factors, so the objective of this study was to analyze if the perception of stress depends on gender and performance level in Mexican athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample of this study was made up of 596 Mexican athletes, of both sexes (women = 40.4%) and aged between 13 and 40 years (M = 22.3, SD = 6.87). The athletes answered the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and a questionnaire covering socio-demographic data. The results obtained through the comparison of groups, indicated that women presented higher levels of perceived stress than men. On the other hand, amateur athletes reported higher levels of perceived stress than professional athletes. The results of the difference analysis shows that the perception of stress depends on sex and performance level were predictors of perceived stress.
Revisão sobre projetos sociais esportivos no Brasil: atualização de revisão, metanálise qualitativa e percepção de lacuna de pesquisa
Authors: Perovano-Camargo Leonardo , Mataruna-Dos-Santos Leonardo José , Tavares da Silva Otávio Guimarães
Published: September 2022

O Brasil é um país de grandes desigualdades sociais, e tanto ao esporte, como a projetos sociais, são creditados como potenciais alteradores dessas realidades. Desse princípio, esse estudo busca compreender como foram estudados, planejados, e avaliados os projetos esportivos sociais, a partir da literatura científica. Foi realizada uma revisão com características de metanálise qualitativa no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES com os descritores ‘projeto’; ‘esportivo’; e ‘social’; e após a inclusão apenas de periódicos revisados por pares, leitura dos títulos e dos resumos, e consequente exclusão de artigos que não tratassem especificamente de projetos esportivos de caráter social, chegou-se a um total de nove artigos para a leitura completa. As temáticas mais relevantes para o objetivo da pesquisa foram as de “vulnerabilidades sociais”, a “diversidade de metodologias utilizadas para a obtenção dos resultados”, e “lacunas encontradas nas discussões/omissões sobre as metodologias trabalhadas e avaliações dos objetivos declarados”. Conclui-se a partir dos resultados das falas dos participantes que aqueles espaços são valiosos, devido ao oferecimento de vivências diversas a dureza encontrada no cotidiano dos espaços periféricos aos quais são inseridos. Entretanto acredita-se que há formas apontadas na literatura de planejar, executar, e avaliar os efeitos no mundo da vida desses jovens de forma mais eficaz. Pretende-se que esta revisão possa servir de base para futuros estudos que busquem realizar estudos empíricos em outros projetos sociais esportivos, devido à qualidade percebida na abordagem metodológica dos artigos.
Últimas Tendencias en el Análisis Técnico-Táctico del Voleibol de Alto Nivel. Revisión Sistemática (Latest Trends in Technical-Tactical Analysis of High-Level Volleyball. Systematic Review)
Authors: Marzano-Felisatti Joaquín Martín , Guzmán Luján José Francisco , Priego-Quesada José Ignacio
Published: September 2022

El análisis técnico-táctico se ha convertido en una pieza clave en el rendimiento del voleibol. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue profundizar en las últimas tendencias de investigación aplicadas al análisis técnico-táctico del voleibol de alto nivel. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura siguiendo los criterios PRISMA, en el mes de febrero de 2022. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron SPORTDiscus, Web of Science y Scopus. Como resultado se obtuvieron un total de 1087 artículos, de los cuales finalmente 45 formaron parte de la revisión. Se identificaron tres tipos de variables independientes relacionadas con: el contexto social (ranking, calidad del rival y localización), el contexto personal (experiencia, género y edad) y la situación de partido (temporales o espaciales, rol, resultado y modelo de juego), y cinco tipos de variables dependientes relacionadas con: las acciones de juego (saque, recepción, ataque, colocación, acciones finales y acciones intermedias), la toma de decisiones, la variabilidad, las redes de juego y la relación entre jugadores. Como conclusión, queda reflejada la complejidad y multidimensionalidad que presenta el análisis técnico-táctico del voleibol de alto nivel, siendo necesario que los cuerpos técnicos se sitúen en una visión más específica u holística del juego en función de su objeto de estudio.
Palabras clave: análisis notacional, scouting, rendimiento, deportes de equipo, competición.
 Abstract. Technical-tactical analysis has become a key element in volleyball performance. For this reason, the aim of this systematic review was to deepen in the latest research trends applied to technical-tactical analysis of high-level volleyball. To this end, a systematic review of the literature was carried out following the PRISMA criteria in February 2022. The databases consulted were SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and Scopus. As a result, a total of 1087 articles were obtained, from which 45 were finally included in the review. Three types of independent variables were identified related to: social context (ranking, quality of the opponent and location), personal context (experience, gender and age) and match situation (temporal or spatial, role, result and game model), and five types of dependent variables related to: game actions (serve, reception, attack, set, final actions and intermediate actions), decision making, variability, game networks and relationship between players. In conclusion, it is proved how complex and multidimensional technical-tactical analysis of high-level volleyball is, being necessary for coaching staff to decide whether to go for a more specific or holistic analysis of the game depending on the study aims.
Key words: notational analysis, scouting, performance, team sports, competition.
Educación Física Bilingüe-AICLE a través de la enseñanza comprensiva de los juegos: análisis comparativo de la satisfacción intrínseca por edad y género (Bilingual Physical Education-CLIL through teaching games for understanding: comparative analysis of intrinsic satisfaction by age and gender)
Authors: García-Calvo Rojo Santiago , Nieto Moreno de Diezmas Esther Luisa
Published: September 2022

El objetivo fundamental de esta investigación fue determinar el grado de satisfacción intrínseca y su variabilidad según edad y género en la Educación Física Bilingüe (EFB) implementada combinando la metodología AICLE (aprendizaje integrado de contenido y lengua) y la EC (enseñanza comprensiva) del juego. El estudio se contextualizó en un colegio bilingüe de la CAM (Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid) y el número de participantes fue n=158 (n= 85, chicos y n=73, chicas) de 3º, 4º, 5º y 6º de educación primaria. La satisfacción se evaluó utilizando el cuestionario SSI-BPE (Sport Satisfaction Instrument in Bilingual Physical Education) y con un cuestionario de respuesta abierta. Los resultados mostraron que la intervención pedagógica en inglés (AICLE-EC) impactó positivamente en la diversión, con diferencias significativas entre el pre y el post-test. El alumnado de 3º obtuvo resultados significativamente superiores al de 6º, corroborándose así la tendencia observada en estudios previos de que la satisfacción decrece con la edad. En lo que respecta al género, las chicas mostraron índices de satisfacción significativamente más altos que los chicos, lo que contrasta con los hallazgos de los estudios sobre satisfacción contextualizados en la Educación Física no bilingüe y parece indicar que la EFB contribuye a crear escenarios de aprendizaje más igualitarios. 
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to ascertain the degree of intrinsic satisfaction and its variability due to age and gender in Bilingual Physical Education (BPE) implemented by combining the CLIL methodology (content and language integrated learning) and TGfU (teaching games for understanding). The study was set in a bilingual school of the CAM (Autonomous Community of Madrid) and the number of participants was n=158 (n= 85, boys and n=73, girls) from grades 3, 4, 5 and 6 of primary education. Satisfaction was evaluated using the SSI-BPE (Sport Satisfaction Instrument in Bilingual Physical Education) and a questionnaire with open-ended questions. The results showed the pedagogical intervention in English (CLIL-TGFU) positively impacted in amusement, with significant differences between the pre and post-test. Students in grade 3 obtained significantly higher results than in grade 6, thereby corroborating the trend observed in previous research that satisfaction decreases with age. Regarding gender, girls showed significantly higher satisfaction rates than boys, which contrasts with the findings of studies on satisfaction set in non-bilingual PE settings and seems to suggest that BPE contributes to creating more egalitarian learning scenarios.
Estado nutricional, nivel de actividad física y hábitos alimentarios, en estudiantes universitarios de la Región del Maule en periodo de pandemia por COVID-19 (Nutritional status, level of physical activity and eating habits, in university students from the Maule Region during the COVID-19 pandemic period)
Authors: Gallardo Fuentes Francisco , Contreras Mellado Víctor Hugo , Silva Cancino Cristian , Díaz Riquelme José , Muñoz Muñoz Freddy , Faúndez Casanova César
Published: September 2022

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar los hábitos alimentarios, estado nutricional y nivel de actividad física en periodo de pandemia de estudiantes universitarios de la Región del Maule. Correspondió a un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, de corte transversal, no experimental. La población estuvo conformada por 1.253 adultos-jóvenes (21.22±2.27 años) quienes cursaban entre primer y último año de pre-grado de universidad. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios: Encuesta Nacional de Salud (Chile) y Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (GPAQ). En cuanto a los resultados, se observó que: en promedio toda la muestra aumentó dos kilogramos de peso corporal en comparación al periodo pre-pandemia. En cuanto al nivel de actividad física y con relación a los MET´S gastados tanto hombres como mujeres, no alcanzan las recomendaciones mínimas semanales. Además, las mujeres reportaron una mayor prevalencia al sedentarismo. Los estudiantes durante el periodo de confinamiento producto de la pandemia, reportan buenos hábitos alimentarios, en su mayoría presentan un estado nutricional normal (IMC) y respecto al nivel de actividad física, un elevado porcentaje no alcanza las recomendaciones mínimas establecidas por la OMS. 
Abstract: The present study aims to determine the eating habits, nutritional status and level of physical activity in pandemic period of university students in the Maule Region. It corresponded to a descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental quantitative approach. The population was made up of 1.253 young adults (21.22±2.27 years) who are studying between the first and last year of undergraduate university. Two questionnaires were applied: National Health Survey (Chile) and International Questionnaire of Physical Activity (IQPA). Regarding the results, it was observed that: on average the entire sample increased two kilograms of body weight compared to the pre-pandemic period. Regarding the level of physical activity and in relation to the MET´S spent by both men and women, they do not reach the minimum weekly recommendations. In addition, women reported a higher prevalence of sedentary lifestyle. Students during the period of confinement as a result of the pandemic, report good eating habits, most of them have a normal nutritional status (BMI) and regarding the level of physical activity, a high percentage does not reach the minimum recommendations established by the WHO.
La gestión deportiva en Latinoamérica: horizonte epistemológico y perspectivas actuales (Sport management in Latin America: epistemological horizon and current perspectives)
Authors: Rozo Rondón Kevin Daniel , Porras Ramírez Keyla Andrea , Bolívar Silva Oscar David , Castro Jorge Alexander , Liévano Julie Alexandra
Published: September 2022

En este artículo se presenta un balance de las tendencias y perspectivas actuales de la gestión deportiva en Latinoamérica. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de los estudios publicados sobre gestión deportiva en la región desde 1990 hasta 2021. Se concluye que hay una ambigüedad en la distinción entre administración deportiva y gestión deportiva. Se plantea una reflexión epistemológica que conduce a pensar que mientras la administración deportiva es una rama de la administración aplicada al campo del deporte; la gestión deportiva es un campo de estudios interdisciplinar más amplio que contiene teorías, métodos y discursos provenientes de las ciencias económicas y sociales, las ciencias del deporte y las ciencias de la educación. La gestión deportiva contiene la administración deportiva, pero no se agota en ella, es más amplia. Ambas tienen la finalidad de planear, organizar, dirigir y controlar los recursos disponibles para cumplir los objetivos de las organizaciones deportivas, pero la gestión deportiva lo hace de forma más holística al incluir herramientas de la administración, pero también de otras áreas de conocimiento. Finalmente, se plantean aplicaciones prácticas de esta disertación en el sector del deportivo, y se proponen futuras líneas de investigación. Palabras clave: gestión, administración, deporte, América Latina, epistemología.
Abstract. This paper presents a review of current trends and perspectives of sport management in Latin America. A systematic review of published studies on sport management in the region from 1990 to 2021 was carried out. It is concluded that there is an ambiguity in the distinction between sports administration and sports management. An epistemological reflection is proposed that leads to think that while sport administration is a branch of administration applied to the field of sport, sport management is a broader interdisciplinary field of study that contains theories, methods and discourses from the economic and social sciences, sport sciences and education sciences. Sport management includes sport administration, but is not limited to it; it is broader. Both have the purpose of planning, organizing, executing and controlling the resources available to meet the objectives of sports organizations, but sports management does it in a more holistic way by including tools from administration, but also from other areas of knowledge. Finally, practical applications of this dissertation in the sports sector are presented, and future lines of research are proposed.Key words: management, administration, sport, Latin America, epistemology.
Applying the Intervention Mapping Protocol to promote Active Transport to School in primary school students: the ProATs intervention
Authors: Corral-Abós Ana , Zaragoza Javier , Aibar Alberto , Ibor Eduardo , Julián José Antonio
Published: September 2022

The school setting is presented as an ideal context for behavioral interventions. Accordingly, evidence shows that school-based interventions positively impact on Active Transportation to School (ATS). However, behavioral interventions are rarely developed in a systematic way. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the content and development process of the ProATS (Promoting Active Transportation to School) intervention. For this purpose, an Intervention Mapping Protocol (IMP) is used for the design, implementation, and evaluation of ProATS. This intervention aims to increase ATS in children aged 10 to 12 years is used. ProATS is based on a literature review and is developed by a multidisciplinary team. There is input from experts (Local Working Group), school representatives (Planning Committee), and a facilitator in each school (a member of the research team). The ProATs intervention results in the following two components (i) curricular path, (ii) non-curricular path. In parallel, a guide is elaborated, which includes the strategies and activities to design and implement the ProATs project. The results of the pilot study seem promising, showing a significant increase in ATS (i.e., the frequency of ATS). IMP, targeting behavioral changes such as ATS, is a complex and time-consuming process. Yet, it helped us to carry out the planning and development of the ProATs intervention to make it feasible, effective, and sustainable. The process explanation followed with the IMP allows replication of the intervention in other school contexts.
Investigation of The Relationship Between Athletes’ Psychological Resilience, Emotional Reactivity, Psychological Maladjustment and Trait Anger Control
Authors: Ozan Murat , Secer Ismail
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the research is to examine the relationship between athletes’ psychological resilience, emotional reactivity, psychological maladjustment and trait anger levels and the mediating role of psychological resilience in this relationship. The data were obtained from a total of 972 athletes, 298 women and 674 men, in different sports branches (boxing, wrestling, taekwondo, athletics, soccer, volleyball, handball, basketball). In the data collection process, the emotional reactivity scale adapted to Turkish culture, the depression, anxiety, stress scale, the anger and expression style scale and the short psychological resilience scale were used. In the analysis of the data, the structural equation model was used to determine the direct and indirect predictive effects between variables. In line with the findings, although emotional reactivity in athletes exerts pressure on psychological maladjustment (depression, anxiety, and stress), psychological resilience has a protective function. It can be said that athletes with high psychological resilience may be in a more positive position in terms of showing trait anger and psychological maladjustment, whereas athletes with low psychological resilience may be in a disadvantageous position. The results of the study revealed that emotional reactivity has a positive predictor of depression, anxiety, and trait anger. On the other hand, psychological resilience was evaluated to have a strong protective function on emotional reactivity, psychological maladjustment and trait anger among athletes, and this finding was discussed in the context of the literature.
Game, toy, and elderly. A necessary approach from a systematic review
Authors: Aguirre-Cardona Leonardo Andrés , Mendoza-Espinel Luz Elena
Published: September 2022

The experience, study, enjoyment, and even the social projection of the game and the toy, permeates the different stages of life and from the perspective of the elderly adult deserves special attention, even more so when this is a population segment that is in constant growth and constitutes a scenario of reflections and analysis from a position of Physical Education, Recreation and Sports, which allows us to think that, although games and toys are widely approached since childhood, this dialogue is not very clear between game, toy and elderly. The study aims to identify the investigative approaches around games, toys, and the elderly via a literature review. The studies identified in the major collections of the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases were used, with 72 articles whose analysis started from reviewing the aspects of title, objective, design, sample, and results. The review shows that games and toys as a strategy for health promotion and disease prevention in the elderly emerge as a possible trend that contributes to this area of study and intervention and contributes to body maintenance, cognitive and social in the elderly.
Predictores asociados al consumo de tabaco en adolescentes: una revisión sistemática (Predictors associated with adolescent smoking: a systematic review)
Authors: Soriano Sánchez José Gabriel Soriano , Sastre-Riba Sylvia
Published: September 2022

Antecedentes: El consumo de sustancias por parte de la población adolescente se ha incrementado en los últimos años, convirtiéndose en un problema de salud pública. Entre las más consumidas se encuentra el tabaco, siendo probablemente el mayor desafío a largo plazo. Fumar mata a más de 7 millones de personas cada año, mientras que 1,2 millones son el resultado de estar expuestos ante el humo de manera pasiva. Objetivo: identificar mediante una revisión sistemática los predictores asociados al consumo de tabaco en adolescentes. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en distintas bases de datos, tales como Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Psicodoc y PsycARTICLES. De este modo, se obtuvieron un total de 302 documentos que, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión, quedaron 10 trabajos para revisión. Resultados: La muestra de los mismos está compuesta por un total de 20.540 adolescentes, entre 10 y 19 años. Los resultados revelan distintos predictores del consumo de tabaco en adolescentes. Conclusión: se sugiere realizar nuevos estudios de manera que permitan verificar tales hallazgos. Finalmente, se recomienda que nuevos programas de intervención tengan en cuenta los predictores asociados al consumo de tabaco en el presente estudio, de modo que permitan confirmar estos hallazgos.
Palabras clave: Adolescentes; Consumo; Predictores; Revisión Sistemática; Tabaco.
Abstract. Background: Substance use by the adolescent population has increased in recent years, becoming a public health problem. Among the most consumed is tobacco, which is probably the greatest long-term challenge. Smoking kills more than 7 million people each year, while 1,2 million are the result of passive exposure to smoke. Aim: to identify through a systematic review the predictors associated with adolescent smoking. Materials and methods: we searched for articles in different databases, such as Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Psicodoc and PsycARTICLES. Thus, a total of 302 studies were obtained and, after applying the inclusion criteria, 10 studies remained for review. Results: The sample consisted of a total of 20.540 adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age. The results show different predictors of tobacco use in adolescents. Conclusion: new studies are suggested to verify these findings. Finally, it is recommended that new intervention programs take into account the predictors associated with tobacco use in the present study, in order to confirm these findings.
Keywords: Adolescents; Consumption, Predictors; Systematic Review; Tobacco.
Comparación de carga externa en las acciones de alta velocidad en partidos y entrenamientos en un equipo de fútbol base (External load comparison in high-speed actions on matches and workouts on a base soccer team)
Authors: Medina Villanueva Samantha , Ródenas Cuenca  Luis Tomás , Vanegas Farfano Minerva Thalía Juno , Bojorquez Castro Luis Bernardo , Tristán Rodríguez José Leandro
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue encontrar las diferencias existentes entre la carga externa en las acciones de alta velocidad (AAV+) en partidos y entrenamientos en un equipo juvenil de nivel base. Para referirnos a los indicadores de AAV+ se tomaron en cuenta aquellas acciones donde los futbolistas superaran y mantuvieran durante al menos un segundo los 23 km/h Se monitorizaron a 10 jugadores pertenecientes al equipo de futbol juvenil base del municipio de Guasave, Sinaloa, México y se usaron para el estudio 10 dispositivos GPS (SPT, spots performance tracking). Los resultados de nuestro estudio arrojaron datos que demostraron que los futbolistas realizaron de manera sustancial más AAV+ de 1s, 2s, 3s y hasta 4s, durante los partidos que durante los entrenamientos.
Palabras clave. GPS, velocidad máxima, fútbol, distancia recorrida, jóvenes.
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to find the differences between the high-velocity actions external load (AAV +) in match and training sessions on a base-level youth team. To refer to the AAV + indicators, those shares were considered where footballers exceed and maintained for at least 1 second 23 km/h 10 players were monitored belonging to the baseball team of the Municipality of Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico and 10 GPS devices (SPT, Sports Performance Tracking) were used for the study. The results of our study yielded data that showed footballers made more AAV + of 1s, 2s, 3s and up to 4s, during the match that during the training sessions.
Keywords: GPS, maximum speed, soccer, distance traveled, youths.
Meanings of the postponement of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games for Brazilian Olympic athletes
Authors: Aparecida de Oliveira Camilo Juliana , Zini Raucci Giovana , Nogueira Furtado Rafael
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the postponement of the 2020 Olympic Games (OG) in Tokyo, producing numerous effects on participating athletes, especially those from developing countries. The objective of this study was to investigate and understand the impact of the postponement of the Tokyo 2020 OG, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, on the Brazilian Olympic athletes. The epistemology followed social constructionism. The methodology included semi-directed interviews with 11 Brazilian athletes who had qualified for the OG in seven different sports. Following the application of discourse analysis, three thematic categories were identified: a) inequalities and their social impact, b) the importance of supportive relationships, and c) athletes’ work challenges. Our findings initially indicate differences regarding social conditions faced by athletes from countries of the global north compared to those from the south, as is the case of Brazil. Secondly, we could verify the importance of multidisciplinary teams, training colleagues and family members for the preparation and development of the athlete. Thirdly, it was possible to identify an intensification of athletes’ training routines under inappropriate work environment. In conclusion, the study proposes a dialogue with the community involved in world Olympic sports, to problematize inequities that affect athletes from developing countries.
Effect of acute omega 3 supplementation reduces serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) levels, pain intensity, and maintains muscle strength after high-intensity weight training
Authors: Ayubi Novadri , Purwanto Bambang , Rejeki Purwo Sri , Kusnanik Nining Widyah , Herawati Lilik , Komaini Anton , Mutohir Toho Cholik , Nurhasan Nurhasan , Al Ardha Muchamad Arif , Firmansyah Awang
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the acute effect of omega 3 supplementation on serum TNF-α levels, pain intensity, and muscle strength after high-intensity weight training. A total of 20 adult males with a BMI of 18.00-24.99 were enrolled in this study. Subjects were divided into 2 groups, namely (K1) with placebo and (K2) with omega 3 supplementation with a dose of 1000 mg (540 mg EPA and 360 mg DHA). The intervention was carried out 24 hours after high-intensity weight training. The data in this study were taken before and after the intervention. Measurement of serum TNF-α levels using a human ELISA kit, measurement of pain intensity using visual analog scale (VAS), measuring muscle strength using a leg dynamometer. The data analysis technique is used if the data is normally distributed, namely Paired t-test and Independent t-test, if the data has not normally distributed the analysis used is the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Omega 3 supplementation significantly reduced serum TNF-α levels (p-0.035), significantly reduced pain levels (p-0.007), and did not significantly decrease the strength (p-0.100). Omega 3 supplementations can reduce serum TNF-α levels, pain intensity, and omega 3 supplementations can maintain muscle strength after high-intensity weight training as evidenced by the absence of a significant decrease in muscle strength after high-intensity weight training.
Un modelo de tres compartimentos de composición corporal para validar una ecuación antropométrica para estimar la grasa en jugadores de fútbol americano (A three-compartment model of body composition for validating an anthropometric equation to estimate fatness in football players)
Authors: Lagunes-Carrasco Jose Omar , García Luis Enrique Carranza , López-García Ricardo , Legaz-Arrese Alejandro , Navarro-Orocio Ricardo , Ramírez-López Erik
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar una nueva ecuación de regresión antropométrica para predecir el porcentaje de grasa corporal (PGC) en jugadores de fútbol americano utilizando como referencia un modelo de 3 compartimientos (M3C) de composición corporal. Participaron 90 jugadores de fútbol americano (edad 22.4 ± 1.7 años; altura 178.9 ± 6.4 cm; peso 91.9 ± 17.0 kg). Se les evaluó el contenido mineral óseo, la densidad corporal, el grosor de los pliegues cutáneos y el perímetro de la cintura y cadera. Se utilizó la ecuación de Lohman para calcular el porcentaje de grasa corporal a partir del M3C. Se utilizó el análisis stepwise y de regresión para seleccionar y desarrollar los modelos finales. La mejor ecuación fue PGC = 0.265 + (0.328 × SPAPS); SPAPS: suma de los pliegues cutáneos abdominal, pantorrilla y supraespinal (R2 = 0.83; raíz cuadrada de la medida estándar de error = 2.80; p = .000). La nueva ecuación no presentó errores sistemáticos ni proporcionales (intercepción: -3.85 a -0.46; pendiente: 1.01 a 1.22). El sesgo fue de 0.01 y los límites de concordancia fueron de ± 5.5 de PGC entre la nueva ecuación y el M3C. Desarrollamos una ecuación antropométrica nueva y específica para estimar el PGC en jugadores de fútbol americano utilizando sólo 3 pliegues cutáneos, basado en un mejor M3C como referencia.
Abstract. The aim of this study was to develop a new anthropometric regression equation to predict the body fat percentage (BFP) in american football players using as a reference a 3-compartment model (3CM) of body composition. Ninety football players participated (age 22.4 ± 1.7 years; height 178.9 ± 6.4 cm; weight 91.9 ± 17.0 kg). The players were evaluated on bone mineral content, body density, skinfold thickness, and waist and hip perimeters. The Lohman equation was used to calculate body fat percentage from the 3CM. Stepwise and regression analysis was used to select and develop the final models. The best equation was: BFP = 0.265 + (0.328 × SFSUM); SFSUM: sum of the abdominal, calf, and supraspinale skinfolds (R2 = 0.83; square root of measure standard of error = 2.80; p = .000). The new equation did not present systematic or proportional error (intercept: -3.85 to -0.46; slope: 1.01 to 1.22). Bias was 0.01 and the limits of agreement were ± 5.5 of BFP between the new equation and the 3CM. We developed a new and specific anthropometric equation to estimate BFP in american football players using only 3 skinfolds and based on a better 3CM as a reference.
La comunicación on line de las Federaciones Deportivas Españolas: web corporativa y RRSS desde la aparición de la Covid-19 (Online communication of the Spanish Sports Federations: corporate website and RRSS since the appearance of Covid-19)
Authors: Fernández Souto Ana Belén , Perona Sáez Juan José , Barbeito Veloso Maria Luz , Valderrama Santomé Mónica
Published: September 2022

La irrupción de la Covid-19 ha modificado las estrategias comunicativas de todas las organizaciones. Las Federaciones Deportivas españolas no escapan a este hecho y han tenido que adecuar sus políticas comunicativas a las nuevas necesidades sociales. Para conseguirlo, han apostado por las tecnologías on line y han dejado temporalmente el uso de otras herramientas tradicionales en el ámbito de la comunicación, como lo son los eventos públicos. Este artículo pretende reflexionar sobre la utilización que estas instituciones han hecho de la web corporativa y las redes sociales durante la eclosión de la pandemia. Para abordarlo, se ha llevado a cabo una encuesta entre los directores de comunicación de las Federaciones Deportivas que recoge el Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD) y se ha hecho un análisis de sus websites. Se ha comprobado que el 100% de las instituciones analizadas cuentan con web corporativa y la gran mayoría apuestan por el uso de las Redes Sociales, fundamentalmente Facebook, Twitter y YouTube. Sus responsables de comunicación afirman que estas herramientas han cobrado un mayor peso en el mix de comunicación con la crisis sanitaria. Por otra parte, la investigación revela que, en tan sólo una década, las Federaciones que usan las RRSS han pasado del 39% al 97%, lo que evidencia la apuesta por estos instrumentos de comunicación.
Palabras clave: Federaciones deportivas; comunicación on line; redes sociales; website; España; Covid-19.
 
Abstract. The arrival of Covid-19 has changed the communication strategies of all organizations. The Spanish sports federations are not immune to this fact and have had to adapt their communication policies to the new social needs. To achieve this, they have opted for online technologies and temporarily stopped using other traditional tools in the field of communication, such as public events. This article aims to reflect on the use that these institutions have made of the corporate web and social networks during the outbreak of the pandemic. To address this issue, a survey has been carried out among the communication directors of the sports federations collected by the Higher Sports Council (CSD) and an analysis of their websites has been made. It has been verified that 100% of the institutions analyzed have a corporate website and the vast majority bet on the use of social networks, mainly Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Communication officials say that these tools have taken on greater weight in the mix of communication with the health crisis. On the other hand, the research reveals that, in just a decade, the Federations that use RRSS have gone from 39% to 97%, which shows the commitment to these communication tools.
Key words: Sports federations; online communication; social networks; website; Spain; Covid-19.
Análisis de la repetición de carril lateral en las triangulaciones de pases durante la salida de balón en el fútbol profesional (Analysis of the side lane repetition in the triangulations of passes when playing the ball out of defence in professional football)
Authors: R. Antequera Daniel , Fernández Fuentes Víctor Javier , González-Rodenas Joaquín , Nuñez Campos Manuel , Martín Ardila Eugenio , Martín Buldú Javier
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto de realizar diferentes tipos de triangulaciones de pases en campo propio sobre el mantenimiento de la posesión del balón y la progresión del juego en fútbol profesional. Un total de 70,653 triangulaciones en campo propio, llevadas a cabo en los 380 partidos de la liga española de fútbol masculino de la temporada 2018/2019, fueron analizadas utilizando datos de eventos proporcionados por StatsPerform. Dichas triangulaciones fueron clasificadas en dos grupos: las que suponían una repetición de carril lateral y las que no. Teniendo en cuenta esta clasificación, se realizaron dos análisis complementarios: uno diferenciando estos dos tipos de triangulaciones y otro atendiendo a las jugadas en las que estaban presentes, prestando especial atención a cuáles terminaron en la pérdida de balón. En ambos análisis, los resultados arrojan la misma conclusión: una triangulación en la que se repite carril lateral o una jugada en la que haya incluida al menos una repetición de carril lateral tienen una mayor tendencia a terminar en pérdida de balón que cualquier otro tipo de triangulación o jugada en la que no se incluya este tipo de triangulación.
Palabras clave: analítica de fútbol, eventos, pases, rendimiento, posesión, carril lateral.
Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of performing different type of passing triangulations in the own half on the ball possession and progression in professional football. A total of 70,653 triangulations in the own half that took place during 380 matches from the Spanish La Liga 2018/2019 were analyzed by using event data provided by StatsPerform. All triangulations were classified into two groups: (i) one with triangulations involving a side lane repetition and (ii) a second group with those triangulations without a side lane repetition. Considering this classification, we conducted two complementary analyses: one differentiating these two types of triangulations and another considering what kind of plays contained lateral lane repetitions, paying special attention to plays that ended in the loss of the ball. In both analyses, results show the same conclusion: a triangulation in which side lane is repeated or a play in which at least one side lane repetition is included have a greater tendency to finish with a turnover than other types of triangulations or plays in which this type of side lane repetition does not appear.
Keywords: football analytics, events, passes, performance, possession, lateral lane.
Technical performance and aerobic fitness in Padel amateurs players with different practice levels
Authors: Mendes Pedro Cabral
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study is to compare the precision of low and high-level padel players in a closed task and its relationships with the heart rate responses to the exercise. A sample of 49 male players of two practice levels (age, 36.73±1.50) was selected to participate in this study. Technical performance was analysed through the Groundstroke Padel Accuracy Test (GPA) and heart rate during and after the task was monitored. There were no statistically significant differences in the GPA test, but even so the results showed a heart rate recovery at 60 and 120 sec were significantly higher for the high-level group [HRR1, U = 189, p = 0,026, d = 0,32 (moderate effect); HRR2, U = 186,50, p = 0,023 d = 0,32 (moderate effect)]. We conclude that it would be relevant to measure other product variables in order to make this field test (GPA) even more effective in the evaluation the real technical level of padel players. Additionally, high-level players recuperate faster after the effort, which appear to indicate that they may be better aerobically prepared.
Keywords: Padel, Groundstroke Padel Accuracy test, heart rate, precision, agility.
The Relative Age Effect in invasion team sports: A systematic review in youth sports
Authors: Silva Leandro Amancio , Leonardo Lucas , Rodrigues Heitor de Andrade , Krahenbühl Tathyane
Published: September 2022

The difference in birth dates between athletes of the same age can result in an advantage for the relatively older one. This is referred to as the relative age effect (RAE). This effect can interfere in the practice of children and youth athletes and can also influence their training and development to reach a high level of the sport. This study aimed to review previous research based on the following question: “What are the influences and consequences of the RAE in the sports practice of youth athletes in invasion team sports?” The method used was a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA method. The descriptors relative age effect AND sport were used on the CAPES Periodicals Portal and Pub Med platforms. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and performing the necessary analyses, 82 articles were included in the study. It was found that the high competitive level, the sport’s popularity, coaches’ perception, and biological characteristics, primarily in the puberty period, have the greatest influence on the relative age effect and interfere in the permanence and sports careers of youth athletes.
High-Intensity Interval Training with Cycling and Calisthenics: Effects on Aerobic Endurance, Critical Power, Sprint and Maximal Strength Performance in Sedentary Males
Authors: Kul Murat , Turkmen Mutlu , Yildirim Umit , Ceylan Ramazan , Sipal Onur , Çabuk Refik , Akova Abdullah , Aksoy Omer Faruk , Adatepe Eda
Published: September 2022

TABATA protocol is considered to be one of the most effective strategies among high-intensity interval training (HIIT) methods. A limited number of studies have compared the chronic effects of cycling-based and calistenic HIIT in TABATA-type. The aim of this study was to compare the chronic effects of a 8-week TABATA-type calisthenic high-intensity interval and high-intensity interval in cycling on aerobic endurance, sprint and maximal strength performance in sedentary men. 17 sedentary males participated in our study. Participants were randomly divided into calisthenic HIIT (n=9) and cycling HIIT (n=8) groups. Training groups were given 3-sessions of exercise per week on non-consecutive days for 8 weeks. Before and after the 8-week training, the body mass, body mass index, fat percentage, 30-m sprint, 1-repetition maximal strength, aerobic power and critical power levels of the participants were determined. No statistically significant different was observed in body mass (p=0.917), body mass index (p=0.928), and body fat ratio (p=0.980) in both training groups. However, both training groups achieved statistically significant improvements in peak power output (p=0.017), maximal oxygen consumption (p=0.040) and critical power (p=0.048), and there was no significant difference in the level of improvement between the groups (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in 1 repetition maximal strength and sprint values of both training groups (p<0.05). TABATA type HIIT performed calistenic provides chronic effects similar to that of interval cycling form.
Validez, fiabilidad e invarianza factorial de las escalas de autoeficacia general y autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios (Validity, reliability and factorial invariance of the general self-efficacy and academic self-efficacy scales in university students)
Authors: García Álvarez Diego , Cobo Rendón Rubia , Hernández Lalinde Juan Diego
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas de autoeficacia general y autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios, así como corroborar la invarianza factorial con respecto al sexo. Participaron un total de 472 estudiantes, todos pertenecientes a una universidad ubicada en Maracaibo, Venezuela. En ambas escalas se probó el ajuste de varios modelos presentados en la literatura, hallando evidencias de validez factorial. Por un lado, la medida de autoeficacia general exhibió índices adecuados en una versión reducida de nueve ítems, mientras que la de autoeficacia académica reportó una adecuación satisfactoria cuando se planteó una estructura abreviada de siete reactivos. La fiabilidad, para ambos cuestionarios, se localizó en el rango comprendido entre valores buenos y excelentes. Por otra parte, el análisis de invarianza mostró que las escalas conservan sus propiedades según sexo, hecho que permite utilizarlas para estimar los factores latentes y realizar contrastes entre personas de ambos sexos. Se concluye que estas escalas son herramientas psicométricas confiables y válidas que pueden ser utilizadas en contextos universitarios para medir constructos como estos, relevantes para el éxito estudiantil.
Palabras clave. Propiedades psicométricas, validez, confiabilidad, autoeficacia, educación superior.
Abstract. The aim of the research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scales of general self-efficacy and academic self-efficacy in university students, as well as to assess the factorial invariance with respect to gender. A total of 472 students participated, all belonging to a university located in Maracaibo, Venezuela. In both scales, the adjustment of several models presented in the literature was tested, finding evidence of factorial validity. On the one hand, the general self-efficacy measure exhibited adequate indices in a reduced version of nine items, while the academic self-efficacy measure reported a satisfactory fit when a shortened structure of seven items was proposed. Reliability, for both questionnaires, was located in the range between good and excellent values. Furthermore, the analysis of invariance showed that the scales retain their properties according to sex, a fact that allows them to be used to estimate latent factors and make contrasts between people of both genders. It is concluded that these scales are reliable and valid psychometric tools that can be used in university contexts to measure constructs such as these, relevant to student success.
Keywords. Psychometric properties, validity, reliability, self-efficacy, higher education.