bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instrumented fusion for spinal deformity after laminectomy or laminoplasty for resection of intramedullary spinal cord tumors in pediatric patients
Authors: Hersh David S. , Iyer Rajiv R. , Garzon-Muvdi Tomas , Liu Ann , Jallo George I. , Groves Mari L.
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE

Spinal deformity has become a well-recognized complication of intramedullary spinal cord tumor (IMSCT) resection. In particular, laminectomy can result in biomechanical instability caused by loss of the posterior tension band. Therefore, laminoplasty has been proposed as an alternative to laminectomy. Here, the authors describe the largest current series of pediatric patients who have undergone laminoplasty for IMSCT resection and investigate the need for surgical fusion after both laminectomy and laminoplasty.

METHODS

The medical records of pediatric patients who underwent resection of an IMSCT at a single institution between November 2003 and May 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic, clinical, radiological, surgical, histopathological, and follow-up data were collected.

RESULTS

Sixty-six consecutive patients underwent resection of an IMSCT during the study period. Forty-three (65%) patients were male. The patients had a median age of 12.9 years (interquartile range [IQR] 7.2–16.5 years) at the time of surgery. Patients typically presented with a tumor that involved the cervical and/or thoracic spine. Nineteen (29%) patients underwent laminectomy, and 47 (71%) patients underwent laminoplasty. Patients in each cohort had a similar rate of postoperative deformity. Overall, 10 (15%) patients required instrumented spinal fusion for spinal deformity. Four patients required revision of the primary fusion.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings show that among pediatric patients with an IMSCT, postoperative surgical fusion rates remain high, even after laminoplasty. Known risk factors, such as the age of the patient, location of the tumor, and the number of involved levels, might play a larger role than replacement of the laminae in determining the rate of surgical fusion after IMSCT resection.
Effect of body mass index on surgical outcomes after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: De la Garza Ramos Rafael , Nakhla Jonathan , Nasser Rani , Schulz Jacob F. , Purvis Taylor E. , Sciubba Daniel M. , Kinon Merritt D. , Yassari Reza
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE

Obesity is an increasing public health concern in the pediatric population. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the impact of body mass index (BMI) on 30-day outcomes after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

METHODS

The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database (2013 and 2014) was reviewed. Patients 10–18 years of age who had undergone fusion of 7 or more spinal levels for AIS were included. Thirty-day outcomes (complications, readmissions, and reoperations) were compared based on patient BMI per age- and sex-adjusted growth charts as follows: normal weight (NW; BMI < 85th percentile), overweight (OW; BMI 85th–95th percentile), and obese (OB; BMI > 95th percentile).

RESULTS

Patients eligible for study numbered 2712 (80.1% female and 19.9% male) and had a mean age of 14.4 ± 1.8 years. Average BMI for the entire cohort was 21.9 ± 5.0 kg/m2; 2010 patients (74.1%) were classified as NW, 345 (12.7%) as OW, and 357 (13.2%) as OB. The overall complication rate was 1.3% (36/2712). For NW and OW patients, the complication rate was 0.9% in each group; for OB patients, the rate was 4.2% (p < 0.001). The 30-day readmission rate was 2.0% (55/2712) for all patients, 1.6% for NW patients, 1.2% for OW patients, and 5.0% for OB patients (p < 0.001). The 30-day reoperation rate was 1.4% (39/2712). Based on BMI, this reoperation rate corresponded to 0.9%, 1.2%, and 4.8% for NW, OW, and OB patients, respectively (p < 0.001). After controlling for patient age, number of spinal levels fused, and operative/anesthesia time on multiple logistic regression analysis, obesity remained a significant risk factor for complications (OR 4.61), readmissions (OR 3.16), and reoperations (OR 5.33; all p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Body mass index may be significantly associated with short-term outcomes after long-segment fusion procedures for AIS. Although NW and OW patients may have similar 30-day outcomes, OB patients had significantly higher wound complication, readmission, and reoperation rates and longer hospital stays than the NW patients. The findings of this study may help spine surgeons and patients in terms of preoperative risk stratification and perioperative expectations.
Insertion of magnetically controlled growing rods in a patient with a diaphragmatic pacemaker: case report
Authors: Vivas Andrew C. , Hwang Steven W. , Pahys Joshua M.
Published: October 2017

Phrenic stimulators offer an alternative to standard mechanical ventilation as well as the potential for ventilator independence in select patients with chronic respiratory failure. Young patients (< 10 years old) with high cervical spinal cord injuries often develop paralytic scoliosis due to loss of muscle tone caudal to their spinal cord lesion. Growing rod systems allow for stabilization of spinal deformity while permitting continued growth of the spine and thoracic cavity. Magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGRs) offer the advantage of noninvasive expansion, as opposed to the operative expansion required in traditional growing rod systems. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of MCGRs in a patient with a diaphragmatic pacemaker (DP). A 7-year-old boy with ventilator dependence after a high cervical spinal cord injury presented to the authors’ institution with paralytic scoliosis that progressed to > 120°. The patient had previously undergone insertion of phrenic nerve stimulators for diaphragmatic pacing. The decision was made to insert MCGRs bilaterally to stabilize his deformity, because the planned lengthening surgeries that are necessary with traditional growing rods would be poorly tolerated in this patient. The patient’s surgery and postoperative course were uneventful. The DP remained functional after insertion and lengthening of the MCGRs by using the external magnet. The DP had no effect on the expansion capability of the MCGRs. In conclusion, the MCGRs appear to be compatible with the DP. Further studies are needed to validate the long-term safety and compatibility of these 2 devices.
Thermostability and thermodynamic characterization of sprouted pearl millet ?-amylases for its biotechnological applications
Authors: Agbo KU , Okwuenu PC , Ezugwu AL , Eze SOO , Chilaka FC
Published: October 2017

There is an increasing demand for amylolytic products such as glucose syrup in biotechnological industries. Starch liquification by ?-amylase must take place at temperatures higher than the gelatinization temperatures and the use for thermostable ?-amylase is therefore required. Two (or) isotypes namely amy-1 and amy-2 of ?-amylase from pearl millet have been investigated for their thermostability and thermodynamic characterization. Thermal inactivation of ?-amylase follows first order kinetics which varies with time and product during inactivation process. The half-life of ?-1 was 198 mins at 50°C. The Ea (inact) was calculated using Arrhenius plot gave 22.00 KCalmol-1K-1 for ?-1 and 19.44 KCalmol-1K-1 for ?-2. The Z-values were 22.52°C and 25.38°C for ?-1 and ?-2, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters: the enthalpy change of inactivation ?H (inact)  had 87.815 KJmol-1K-1 at 50°C for ?-1 and 78.56 KJmol-1K-1 at 50°C for ?-2. The change in free energy of inactivation ?G (inact) of ?-1 and ?-2 were 105.5 KJmol-1K-1 and 104.33 KJmol-1K-1 at 50°C, respectively. The entropy of inactivation ?S (inact) values for ?-1 and ?-2 are calculated as -54.80 JMol-1K-1 and -79 JMol-1K-1 at 50°C. This suggest that the ?-1 and ?-2 are thermostable.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(3), 159-166, 2017
Fluxes of methane and distribution of sulfate as influenced by coastal salt-marsh soil ecosystem of Northern Germany
Authors: Khan HR
Published: October 2017

The study was conducted in Schleswig-Holstein at the Wadden sea coast of Northern Germany to evaluate the possible factors controlling methane (CH4) and sulfate (SO4) dynamics along a toposequence of daily to seasonally ?ooded coastal salt marsh soils. The soil at the top end  of the salt marsh (with a height of 1.8 m above sea level: a.s.l. and a dense vegetation cover) was salic silty to clayic Typic Sulfaquent, while  the soil at the bottom end (with some salt bushes and a 1.4 m a.s.l.) was sandy to silty Haplic Sulfaquent. The mean (depth: 0-100 cm) values  of pH were around 7, and of redox potentials in the Typic Sulfaquent were ranged from -162 to +104 mV during all the seasons. The annual average emissions of CH4 were almost 10 fold higher (0.3 g m-2 a-1) in Haplic Sulfaquent than that (0.03 g m-2 a-1) of the Typic Sulfaquent. In all the pro?les, the concentrations of CH4 were very low and varied signi?cantly (p?0.05) with the seasons and soil depths. The concentrations of CH4 showed no dependence to temperature. The SO4 contents were observed maximum in the Typic Sulfaquent followed by Haplic  Sulfaquent during all the seasons. There is no noticeable correlation was obtained between the SO4 and CH4 concentrations. Moreover, even CH4 was determined at depths where the SO4 concentration in the soil solution was around 1200 mg SO4 L-1.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(3), 177-186, 2017
Characterization of onion soft rot bacteria in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman MM , Khan MAA , Mian IH , Akanda AM , Alam MZ
Published: October 2017

A study was undertaken for characterization and identification of the soft rot causing bacterial pathogens of onion. Bacterial pathogens were isolated from soft rotted stored onions of different varieties and locations of Bangladesh. Altogether 73 bacterial isolates were isolated from soft rotted onions. Among them, twelve soft rot-positive isolates were selected for characterization and identification on the basis of more virulence. Physiological and biochemical tests were performed following standard methods for characterization and identification of selected soft rot bacterial isolates. Seven isolates namely O-03, O-18, O-69, O-72, O-130, O-156 and O-180 were identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (E. carotovora subsp. carotovora), two isolates O-101 and O-118 were identified as E. chrysanthemi and three isolates O-05, O-14 and O-15 were the members of Burkholderia cepacia.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(3), 209-220, 2017
Application of Laney control chart in assessment of microbiological quality of oral pharmaceutical filterable products
Authors: Eissa ME
Published: October 2017

Evaluation of microbiological quality of pharmaceutical product is an important criterion for safe release of the dosage form to the drug market. Monitoring of the stability of monitored characteristic attribute is crucial to judge the degree of compliance of the manufacturing processes to reproducible procedures and good manufacturing practice (GMP). Two non-sterile liquid oral products were monitored during ten months of study for their microbiological stability characteristics using control charts. Since total viable count (TVC) results did not follow any distribution type, the application of Laney U? chart was found to be the best approach in such instances using relevant statistical software packages. The results of TVC for both products failed to follow the closest distribution in distribution fitting test at ? = 0.05. Interestingly, both products demonstrated several spots of out-of-control (OOC) states, although none of their batches showed out-of-specification (OOS) results. These OOC conditions require further investigations in order to provide corrective/preventive actions for improvement of bioburden stability of the manufactured pharmaceuticals. Accordingly, Laney attribute control chart may be regarded as very handy tool to evaluate microbiological characteristic of pharmaceutical dosage form, when results show significant over-dispersion or under-dispersion pattern in data distribution.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(3), 239-246, 2017
Immobilization of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone-Dependent Alcohol Dehydrogenase with a Polyion Complex and Redox Polymer for a Bioanode
Authors: Sakurada Yuki , Takeda Kouta , Ohno Hiroyuki , Nakamura Nobuhumi
Published: October 2017

A bioanode for ethanol oxidation was prepared by immobilizing the recombinant pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas putida KT 2440 (PpADH) with polyion complex (PIC) and redox polymer. The PIC based on poly-l-lysine (PLL) and poly-l-glutamic acid (PGA) was suitable for immobilizing PpADH on the electrode. PpADH was immobilized using only one redox polymer, aminoferrocene, which was attached to the PGA backbone (PGA-AmFc) on the electrode. The anodic current density at 0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) was 22.6 μA·cm−2. However, when the number of the cycles was increased, the catalytic current drastically decreased. PpADH was immobilized using PGA-AmFc and PIC on the electrode. The anodic current density at 0.5 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) was 47.3 μA·cm−2, and the performance maintained 74% of the initial value after five cycles. This result indicated that the combination of PIC and PGA-AmFc was suitable for the immobilization of PpADH on the electrode. In addition, the long-term stability and catalytic current density were improved by using the large surface area afforded by the gold nanoparticles.
Kinetic Study of Ag Leaching from Arsenic Sulfosalts in the S2O32−-O2-NaOH System
Authors: Teja Ruiz Aislinn , Juárez Tapia Julio , Reyes Domínguez Iván , Hernández Cruz Leticia , Pérez Martín , Patiño Cardona Francisco , Flores Guerrero Mizraim
Published: October 2017

In Zimapan, Mexico abundant mineral species have been identified. However, a significant number of these precious metals appear to be related to complex sulfides, as is the case of silver (Ag) in sulfosalts. In this work, a kinetic study of the formation of Ag complexes in the AgAsS2-S2O32−-O2-NaOH system from a Zn concentrate found in the Zimapan mining district was conducted. The kinetic model application on Ag leaching shows a linear adjustment in the valuation of the particle size effect. The rate of formation of Ag complexes is dependent of temperature, leaching agent concentration and OH− concentration. Furthermore, graphical verification of the kinetic models indicates that the kinetics of the formation of Ag complexes correspond to the shrinking core model with chemical controls as the controlling stage. The formation of Ag complexes was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
Controlled Release of Lysozyme from Double-Walled Poly(Lactide-Co-Glycolide) (PLGA) Microspheres
Authors: Ansary Rezaul , Rahman Mokhlesur , Mohamad Nasir , Arrif Tengku , Latif Ahmad , Katas Haliza , Nik Wan , Awang Mohamed
Published: October 2017

Double-walled microspheres based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) are potential delivery systems for reducing a very high initial burst release of encapsulated protein and peptide drugs. In this study, double-walled microspheres made of glucose core, hydroxyl-terminated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (Glu-PLGA), and carboxyl-terminated PLGA were fabricated using a modified water-in-oil-in-oil-in-water (w1/o/o/w2) emulsion solvent evaporation technique for the controlled release of a model protein, lysozyme. Microspheres size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, lysozyme in vitro release profiles, bioactivity, and structural integrity, were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that double-walled microspheres comprising of Glu-PLGA and PLGA with a mass ratio of 1:1 have a spherical shape and smooth surfaces. A statistically significant increase in the encapsulation efficiency (82.52% ± 3.28%) was achieved when 1% (w/v) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and 2.5% (w/v) trehalose were incorporated in the internal and external aqueous phase, respectively, during emulsification. Double-walled microspheres prepared together with excipients (PVA and trehalose) showed a better control release of lysozyme. The released lysozyme was fully bioactive, and its structural integrity was slightly affected during microspheres fabrication and in vitro release studies. Therefore, double-walled microspheres made of Glu-PLGA and PLGA together with excipients (PVA and trehalose) provide a controlled and sustained release for lysozyme.
Reinscribing the Goddess into the Culturally Relative Minutiae of Tantric Texts and Practices: A Perennialist Response to Tantric Visual Culture
Authors: Lidke Jeffrey
Published: October 2017

A celebration and critical evaluation of Sthaneshwar Timalsina’s brilliant book, Tantric Visual Culture: A Cognitive Approach. In this groundbreaking work, Timalsina utilizes the lens of cognitive studies to shed interpretive light on the Tantric visualization practices that he knows both as a scholar and lifetime practitioner. Timalsina argues that mastery of Tantric practice requires immersion in the culturally relative metonymic and holographic logic framed by the Tantric ritual texts. The conclusion that arises from his analysis is that Tantric “truths” are bound to the linguistic and cultural systems that frame them. In response, I herewith offer a perennialist critique and argument for a more nuanced consideration of the transcendent “truth” or “being” that is the stated aim of Tantric practice.
The Image Fit Myth of Events and Destinations
Authors: Dragin-Jensen Christian , Schnittka Oliver
Published: October 2017

Events have become increasingly important as image builders and tourism catalysts for host destinations. Focus has been placed on obtaining high levels of image fit between an event and its host destination, in order to garner long-term image benefits, and increase revisit intentions.
The aim of this article is to empirically explore for the first time values of low-fit image pairings between events and a destination on tourist revisit intentions. The findings of two events reveal that a perceived low-fit image pairing between event and destination increased revisit intentions
for event tourists who had visited the destination before. Oppositely, a perceived high-fit pairing between event and destination increased revisit intentions for event tourists who had never visited the destination before.
Attendee Motivations at an International Wine Festival in China
Authors: O'Regan Michael , Choe Jaeyeon , Yap Matthew
Published: October 2017

Wine festival research has primarily focused on tourism potential and economic impact in Western wine destinations, with few studies seeking to understand what motivates those to attend a festival in a "nontraditional" wine destination. An onsite survey study (N= 366) was conducted at the 2012 Dalian International Wine and Dine Festival, China. Factor analysis suggests a unique motivational factor structure with four motivational components identified among festival attendees. They were: wine festival—where the festival event itself is a primary motive, recover equilibrium at a novel event, family and known group togetherness, and cultural exploration through interaction/socialization. An independentttest and one-way ANOVA tests found statistically significant motivational variances between attendees based on gender, age, education, income level, and employment status. These findings offer important implications for festival and event organizations that have an interest in developing and organizing wine festivals in China, and attracting Chinese mainland tourists to overseas wine festivals.
Wedding Professionals' Use of Social Media
Authors: Jin Naehyun Paul , Lee Seungwon Shawn , Daniels Margaret J.
Published: October 2017

Despite the popularity of social media marketing, academic research specific to how event management companies use social networking to market their businesses is limited. Wedding professionals are a subsegment of event managers, and their use of social media is hindered by the nature
of their business models, as most have few employees and negligible marketing budgets. The purpose of this study was to gain insight to the use of social media outlets by wedding professionals and put forth suggestions for maximizing the social media mix for small event management companies.
Thirty-two wedding professionals completed a questionnaire specific to social media and networking activities, most successful marketing outlets, and barriers to utilizing social media. The findings and associated recommendations emphasize the critical nature of word-of-mouth and electronic
word-ofmouth recommendations from satisfied clients, as wedding professionals rely on a customer base that is rarely prone to repeat business.
Historical biogeography and phylogeny of the pantropical Psychotrieae alliance (Rubiaceae), with particular emphasis on the Western Indian Ocean Region
Authors: Razafimandimbison Sylvain G. , Kainulainen Kent , Wikström Niklas , Bremer Birgitta
Published: October 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

The Western Indian Ocean Region (WIOR) is a biodiversity hotspot providing an ideal setting for exploring the origins of insular biodiversity and dynamics of island colonization. We aimed to investigate the origins of the WIOR Psychotrieae alliance (Rubiaceae) with typically small, probably mainly bird‐dispersed drupes, and the timing and direction or sequence of its colonization events in the region.

METHODS:

We used the program BEAST to estimate divergence times and Lagrange for biogeographic reconstruction.

KEY RESULTS:

The alliance has reached the WIOR at least 14 times via dispersals from Africa along with Asia and the Pacific mostly during the last 10 My, with at least one back‐colonization to Africa. We inferred the earliest dispersal to Madagascar from the Pacific or Asia in the Miocene and numerous out‐of‐Madagascar dispersals to the nearby archipelagos but no dispersal out of those archipelagos. Gynochthodes with multiple fruits reached Madagascar twice from the Pacific possibly via ocean drifting. Psychotria with dry fruits (schizocarps) colonized Madagascar from the Pacific or Asia before reaching the Comoros from Madagascar possibly via wind dispersal.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study reinforces the pivotal role of dispersal in shaping the WIOR biodiversity and as the critical initiating step in the generation of endemic biodiversity on its islands. The WIOR alliance shows strong Asian and Pacific affinities despite the proximity of the region to Africa. Madagascar has served as a stepping‐stone for subsequent dispersal to the rest of the region. The Afro‐Malagasy‐Seychelles genus Craterispermum and the Malagasy Puffia may represent relictual lineages.
An exquisitely preserved filmy fern (Hymenophyllaceae) from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia
Authors: Herrera Fabiany , Moran Robbin C. , Shi Gongle , Ichinnorov Niiden , Takahashi Masamichi , Crane Peter R. , Herendeen Patrick S.
Published: October 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Hymenophyllaceae (“filmy ferns”) are a widely distributed group of predominantly tropical, epiphytic ferns that also include some temperate and terrestrial species. Hymenophyllaceae are one of the earliest‐diverging lineages within leptosporangiate ferns, but their fossil record is sparse, most likely because of their low fossilization potential and commonly poor preservation of their delicate, membranaceous fronds. A new species of unequivocal fossil Hymenophyllaceae, Hymenophyllum iwatsukii sp. nov., is described from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia based on abundant and exceptionally well‐preserved material.

METHODS:

Bulk lignite samples collected from Tevshiin Govi and Tugrug localities in Mongolia, were disaggregated in water, cleaned with hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids, washed, and dried in air. Fossils were examined and compared to material of extant Hymenophyllaceae using LM and SEM.

KEY RESULTS:

The fossil fern specimens are assigned to the Hymenophyllaceae based on their membranaceous laminae with marginal sori that have sessile to short‐stalked sporangia with oblique, complete annuli, and trilete, tetrahedral‐globose spores. Within the family, the fossil material is assigned to the extant genus Hymenophyllum on the basis of bivalvate indusia and short, included receptacles.

CONCLUSIONS:

Hymenophyllum iwatsukii was likely an epiphyte based on the sedimentary environment in which the fossils are preserved, the associated fossil flora, and the growth habit of extant species of Hymenophyllum. The new fossil species underlines the extent to which morphological characters in Hymenophyllum have been conserved despite significant tectonic, climatic, ecological, and floristic changes since the Early Cretaceous.
GEOGRID REINFORCEMENT OF ASPHALT PAVEMENTS
Authors: Zofka Adam , Maliszewski Maciej , Zofka Ewa , Paliukaitė Miglė , Žalimienė Laura
Published: October 2017

Geogrid materials applied within asphalt layers defer or prevent the occurrence of reflective cracking. The
contribution of this work significantly adds to extending pavement serviceability and improving benefit/cost analysis.
Since 1970s many studies have demonstrated the benefits of geogrid reinforcement in asphalt pavements, but this
knowledge did not translate to their extensive usage in the actual construction practice. Among potential reasons are
higher initial costs, lack of in-depth understanding of working mechanism within adjacent asphalt layers and lack of
commonly standard design procedures. This paper presents a recent study, which investigated the effect of geogrid
reinforcement on asphalt mixture specimens. Two types of laboratory experiments were conducted, namely monotonic
(strength and fracture) testing and cyclic (fatigue and modulus) testing. The results demonstrated a significant
strengthening contribution of geogrid, which was observed regarding fracture energy results and terminal deflections
in the fatigue testing. This paper also presents a short example connecting pavement deflections with the allowable axle
loading (also known as fatigue life) to demonstrate the practical implications of geogrid reinforcement. The undertaken
analysis shows the reduction of pavement deflections due to the geogrid application, which potentially leads to a significant
extension of pavement fatigue life. Paper concludes with several recommendations for further work in the area of
geogrid reinforcement.
ESTIMATING THE EFFECTS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT PRIORITY MEASURES
AT SIGNAL CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS
Authors: Dumbliauskas Vytautas , Grigonis Vytautas , Vitkienė Jūratė
Published: October 2017

Most of the Lithuanian cities try to achieve public transport priority by the provision of special dedicated
public transport lanes. However, the possible priority measures at signalised intersections receive less attention. This
paper explains common signal control strategies applied at isolated intersections in the cities around the world and
estimated their effects on the travel times of both, public transport and general traffic. The analysis employs well recognised
PTV VISSIM simulation environment and VisVAP graphical programming interface to implement and test
priority measures under question. The results indicate that priority actions significantly reduce public transport delays
up to 60%, without high adverse impact on general traffic delays.
COMPARISON OF HYBRID METHODS WITH DIFFERENT META MODEL
USED IN BRIDGE MODEL-UPDATING
Authors: Xia Zhiyuan , Li Aiqun , Li Jianhui , Duan Maojun
Published: October 2017

Two hybrid model updating methods by integration of Gaussian mutation particle swarm optimization
method, Latin Hypercube Sampling technique and meta models of Kriging and Back-Propagation Neural Network
respectively were proposed, and the methods make the convergence speed of the model updating process faster and
the Finite Element Model more adequate. Through the application of the hybrid methods to model updating process
of a self-anchored suspension bridge in-service with extra-width, which showed great necessity considering the ambient
vibration test results, the comparison of the two proposed methods was made. The results indicate that frequency
differences between test and modified model were narrowed compared to results between test and original model after
model updating using both methods as all the values are less than 6%, which is 25%−40% initially. Furthermore, the
Model Assurance Criteria increase a little illustrating that more agreeable mode shapes are obtained as all of the Model
Assurance Criteria are over 0.86. The particular advancements indicate that a relatively more adequate Finite Element
Model is yielded with high efficiency without losing accuracy by both methods. However, the comparison among the
two hybrid methods shows that the one with Back-Propagation Neural Network meta model is better than the one with
Kriging meta model as the frequency differences of the former are mostly under 5%, but the latter ones are not. Furthermore,
the former has higher efficiency than the other as the convergence speed of the former is faster. Thus, the hybrid
method, within Gaussian mutation particle swarm optimization method and Back-Propagation Neural Network meta
model, is more suitable for model updating of engineering applications with large-scale, multi-dimensional parameter
structures involving implicit performance functions.
Fantastic Striations and Where to Find Them: The Origin of Magnetically Aligned Striations in Interstellar Clouds
Authors: Chen Che-Yu , Li Zhi-Yun , King Patrick K. , Fissel Laura M.
Published: October 2017

Thin, magnetically aligned striations of relatively moderate contrast with the background are commonly observed in both atomic and molecular clouds. They are also prominent in MHD simulations with turbulent converging shocks. The simulated striations develop within a dense, stagnated sheet in the midplane of the post-shock region where magnetically induced converging flows collide. We show analytically that the secondary flows are an inevitable consequence of the jump conditions of oblique MHD shocks. They produce the stagnated, sheet-like sub-layer through a secondary shock when, roughly speaking, the Alfvénic speed in the primary converging flows is supersonic, a condition that is relatively easy to satisfy in interstellar clouds. The dense sub-layer is naturally threaded by a strong magnetic field that lies close to the plane of the sub-layer. The substantial magnetic field makes the sheet highly anisotropic, which is the key to the striation formation. Specifically, perturbations of the primary inflow that vary spatially perpendicular to the magnetic field can easily roll up the sheet around the field lines without bending them, creating corrugations that appear as magnetically aligned striations in column density maps. On the other hand, perturbations that vary spatially along the field lines curve the sub-layer and alter its orientation relative to the magnetic field locally, seeding special locations that become slanted overdense filaments and prestellar cores through enhanced mass accumulation along field lines. In our scenario, the dense sub-layer, which is unique to magnetized oblique shocks, is the birthplace for both magnetically aligned diffuse striations and massive star-forming structures.
Effect of Local Environment and Stellar Mass on Galaxy Quenching and Morphology at 0.5 < z < 2.0*
Authors: Kawinwanichakij Lalitwadee , Papovich Casey , Quadri Ryan F. , Glazebrook Karl , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Allen Rebecca J. , Bell Eric F. , Croton Darren J. , Dekel Avishai , Ferguson Henry C. , Forrest Ben , Grogin Norman A. , Guo Yicheng , Kocevski Dale D. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Labbé Ivo , Lucas Ray A. , Nanayakkara Themiya , Spitler Lee R. , Straatman Caroline M. S. , Tran Kim-Vy H. , Tomczak Adam , Dokkum Pieter van
Published: October 2017

We study galactic star formation activity as a function of environment and stellar mass over 0.5 < z < 2.0 using the FourStar Galaxy Evolution (ZFOURGE) survey. We estimate the galaxy environment using a Bayesian-motivated measure of the distance to the third nearest neighbor for galaxies to the stellar mass completeness of our survey,

at z = 1.3 (2.0). This method, when applied to a mock catalog with the photometric-redshift precision (

) of ZFOURGE, accurately recovers galaxies in low- and high-density environments. We quantify the environmental quenching efficiency and show that at

, it depends on galaxy stellar mass, demonstrating that the effects of quenching related to (stellar) mass and environment are not separable. In high-density environments, the mass and environmental quenching efficiencies are comparable for massive galaxies (

) at all redshifts. For lower-mass galaxies (

), the environmental quenching efficiency is very low at

, but increases rapidly with decreasing redshift. Environmental quenching can account for nearly all quiescent lower-mass galaxies (

), which appear primarily at

. The morphologies of lower-mass quiescent galaxies are inconsistent with those expected of recently quenched star-forming galaxies. Some environmental process must transform the morphologies on similar timescales as the environmental quenching itself. The evolution of the environmental quenching favors models that combine gas starvation (as galaxies become satellites) with gas exhaustion through star formation and outflows (“overconsumption”), and additional processes such as galaxy interactions, tidal stripping, and disk fading to account for the morphological differences between the quiescent and star-forming galaxy populations.
How Far Is Quasar UV/Optical Variability from a Damped Random Walk at Low Frequency?
Authors: Guo 郭恒 Hengxiao 潇 , Wang 王俊 Junxian 贤 , Cai 蔡振 Zhenyi 翼 , Sun 孙谋 Mouyuan 远
Published: October 2017

Studies have shown that UV/optical light curves of quasars can be described using the prevalent damped random walk (DRW) model, also known as the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. A white noise power spectral density (PSD) is expected at low frequency in this model; however, a direct observational constraint to the low-frequency PSD slope is difficult due to the limited lengths of the light curves available. Meanwhile, quasars show scatter in their DRW parameters that is too large to be attributed to uncertainties in the measurements and dependence on the variation of known physical factors. In this work we present simulations showing that, if the low-frequency PSD deviates from the DRW, the red noise leakage can naturally produce large scatter in the variation parameters measured from simulated light curves. The steeper the low-frequency PSD slope, the larger scatter we expect. Based on observations of SDSS Stripe 82 quasars, we find that the low-frequency PSD slope should be no steeper than −1.3. The actual slope could be flatter, which consequently requires that the quasar variabilities should be influenced by other unknown factors. We speculate that the magnetic field and/or metallicity could be such additional factors.
Development and Validation of MRI Sacroiliac Joint Scoring Methods for the Semiaxial Scan Plane Corresponding to the Berlin and SPARCC MRI Scoring Methods, and of a New Global MRI Sacroiliac Joint Method
Authors: Hededal Pernille , Østergaard Mikkel , Sørensen Inge Juul , Loft Anne Gitte , Hindrup Jens S. , Thamsborg Gorm , Asmussen Karsten , Hendricks Oliver , Nørregaard Jesper , Møller Jakob M. , Jurik Anne Grethe , Morsel Lone , Balding Lone , Pedersen Susanne Juhl
Published: October 2017

Objective.

To develop semiaxial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scoring methods for assessment of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) bone marrow edema (BME) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis, and to compare the reliability with equivalent semicoronal scoring methods.

Methods.

Two semiaxial SIJ MRI scoring methods were developed based on the principles of the semicoronal Berlin and Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) methods. A global quadrant-based method was also developed. Baseline and 12-week MRI of the SIJ from 51 patients participating in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of adalimumab 40 mg every other week versus placebo were scored by the semiaxial and the corresponding semicoronal methods. Results were compared by linear regression analysis. The reproducibility and sensitivity were evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and smallest detectable change [SDC, absolute values and percentage of the highest observed score (SDC-HOS)].

Results.

Interreader and intrareader ICC were moderate to very high for semiaxial scoring methods (baseline 0.83–0.88 and 0.85–0.97; change 0.33–0.78), while high to very high for semicoronal scoring methods (baseline 0.90–0.92 and 0.93–0.97; change 0.77–0.89). Association between semiaxial and semicoronal scores were high for both the Berlin and SPARCC method (baseline: R2 = 0.93 and 0.88; change: R2 = 0.82 and 0.87, respectively), while lower for the global method (baseline: R2 = 0.79; change: R2 = 0.54). The SDC-HOS were 9.8–18.6% and 5.9–10.7% for the semiaxial and semicoronal methods, respectively.

Conclusion.

Detection of SIJ BME in the semiaxial scan plane is feasible and reproducible. However, a slightly lower reliability of all 3 semiaxial methods supports the general practice of using the coronal scan-plane in therapeutic studies.
Dynamique identitaire et insertion professionnelle : le cas de demandeurs d’emploi de longue durée
Authors: Gosset Audrey , Costalat-Founeau Anne-Marie , Faurie Isabelle , Misantrope Yasmine
Published: October 2017

Cette recherche a pour objectif l’exploration de la dynamique identitaire et capacitaire de jeunes diplômés en situation de recherche d’emploi. Dans cette optique, nous avons réalisé une étude qualitative avec l’approche égo-écologique et sa méthodologie l’IMIS (Investigateur multistade de l’identité sociale, Zavalloni, 2007) sur deux demandeurs d’emploi de longue durée, bénéficiant d’un accompagnement dans un cas et dans l’autre non. L’exploitation des résultats nous a permis de faire émerger des processus permettant de révéler des stratégies identitaires différenciées. L’individu, bénéficiant d’un accompagnement, développe un projet professionnel et des moyens pour le réaliser. En comparaison, celui qui n’en a pas bénéficié semble être dans une phase d’inaction, de démotivation dans sa recherche d’emploi.
L’expression de soi en ligne à l’adolescence : socialisation entre pairs et quête identitaire
Authors: Rodriguez Nancy , Safont-Mottay Claire , Prêteur Yves
Published: October 2017

L’expression de soi en ligne est une pratique très prisée des jeunes adolescentes, mais souvent questionnée pour ses effets sur le développement de l’individu. Dans une perspective compréhensive, cette recherche vise à saisir en quoi ces pratiques d’expression de soi en ligne s’inscrivent dans un processus de socialisation horizontale et participent au développement identitaire. Des entretiens semi-directifs ont été menés auprès de 47 adolescentes âgées de 11 à 15 ans. Une analyse lexicométrique avec une classification hiérarchique descendante (logiciel Alceste) montre que cette pratique s’inscrit bien au cœur de la socialisation horizontale et est bien plus qu’un moyen d’intégration sociale. L’expression de soi en ligne, d’abord apprise auprès des pairs, est une pratique qui (se) personnalise. Elle permet la mobilisation de capacités réflexives sur soi, dans un travail intersubjectif, et reflète un réel désir de reconnaissance et de soutien social.
Naissance d’un showrunner français ou l’art de produire des séries TV
Authors: Rochant Éric
Published: October 2017

Le Bureau des légendes, produit pour Canal+, a fait entrer la France dans le paysage mondial des séries, ce qui a exigé la mise en place de modes d’organisation renouvelés. Éric Rochant a été un des premiers à exercer en France un métier nouveau ainsi créé : le showrunner.
La logistique des bonnes intentions
Authors: Gillet-Legrand Pierre
Published: October 2017

BIP Humanitaire prend en charge depuis plus de quinze ans la révision et l’expédition dans des pays lointains de matériel médical, aidant des associations d’aide humanitaire qui n’ont pas les moyens ni le réseau pour prendre en charge de façon sécurisée cette logistique.
L’engrenage
Authors: Guibert Philippe
Published: October 2017

Un nouveau pouvoir spirituel dont le bras armé est le journalisme d’investigation, concurrencé et stimulé par les médias sociaux, bouleverse les conditions et les rythmes de l’autorité politique.
Du bon usage de l’obstacle
Authors: Daguisé Floriane
Published: October 2017

Et si la quête effrénée de transparence avait commencé dès le xviii e siècle ? Quand la lumière, les Lumières, rencontrent l’obstacle, elles projettent des ombres, et l’on peut en jouer.
Images de la géopolitique
Authors: Girard Renaud
Published: October 2017

L’arrivée de CNN et de la vidéo a fait basculer l’information sur les conflits dans le manichéisme et l’hollywoodisation. Des bons, des méchants et une “good story”.
Pouvoirs de l’algorithme
Authors: Patino Bruno
Published: October 2017

Les médias ont perdu la maîtrise du contexte de l’information, donc de sa réception. C’est désormais l’algorithme de Facebook qui en est le maître. Les plates-formes peuvent-elles rester neutres ?
Le front du faux
Authors: Huyghe François-Bernard
Published: October 2017

L’ère du scepticisme de masse est celle de l’irruption du faux. Ou plutôt de sa dissémination massive par les réseaux sociaux, et de la perte de contrôle des autorités chargées de l’établissement de la vérité
Plongée en fachosphère
Authors: Schmelck Clara
Published: October 2017

La fachosphère rencontrée en direct, plutôt diverse et sophistiquée, pratique l’art de relativiser pour confondre et se joue des genres journalistiques.
Étienne Souriau : une ontologie singulière
Authors: Chateau Dominique
Published: October 2017

Outre son rôle majeur dans notre histoire intellectuelle, l’œuvre de Souriau attire l’attention par des références étranges et des concepts singuliers. Ces bizarreries affleurent à l’occasion d’un propos ontologique dont le philosophe fit le centre de sa problématique en concurrence avec la représentation – qu’il parle de l’âme ou des arts. Prenant par exemple le concept d’instauration, il est passionnant d’observer tout ce qui s’agrège à sa définition (la patuité, les références à Prémontal et Strada, etc.), mais il n’est pas moins pertinent de chercher à l’étendre à des considérations étrangères à Souriau, en jouant avec les analogies entre sa conception du cogito et son esthétique comparative, entre autres corrélations d’une philosophie singulière.
La machine à jouer d’Étienne Souriau ou le théâtre comme art de philosopher
Authors: Barbéris Isabelle
Published: October 2017

Longtemps restée marginale à l’intérieur des études théâtrales, la théorie du drame d’Étienne Souriau fait l’objet d’une redécouverte liée à « l’évènement anthropocène ». Souriau fait du théâtre un hybride entre le vivant et la machine et opère un renversement entre la scène et le hors-champ grâce à une théorisation de la « situation » en de nombreux point opposée à celle de Sartre.
Étienne SOURIAU : Fragments pour une biographie intellectuelle
Authors: Domenicali Filippo , Le Tinnier Fabien
Published: October 2017

Étienne Souriau (1892-1979) demeure un philosophe et esthécien français du xx e siècle encore largement méconnu. Cette première biographie coécrite par Filippo Domenicali et Fabien Le Tinnier – regroupant leurs recherches respectives sur l’œuvre d’Étienne Souriau, pour l’un sur ses années lyonnaises, l’autre sur ses années parisiennes –, cherche à restaurer la place qu’occupait l’œuvre du philosophe au sein de l’histoire de la philosophie française contemporaine. Fondée sur l’étude de nombreuses archives pour la première fois mises au jour, cette biographie retrace le cursus honorem du professeur Souriau durant plus soixante ans. En resituant ainsi la trajectoire intellectuelle de Souriau, l’évolution de sa carrière, la toile de ses amitiés philosophes ainsi que ses réseaux collégiaux parmi les lieux qu’il a fréquenté, cette biographie vise encore à éclairer son travail à la lumière des livres, idées et événements qui ont chacun participé à façonner son abondante œuvre philosophique que depuis quelques années de nombreux chercheurs et universitaires français, belges et italiens redécouvrent. Depuis ses années parisiennes de formation passées à l’École Normale Supérieure jusqu’au faste de ces années passée à l’université de Paris occupant la chaire d’esthétique à partir de juillet 1946, Souriau fait rayonner la philosophie française par-delà les frontières françaises comme en témoignent ses nombreuses publications étrangères et déplacements professionnels. Figure majeure de la philosophie universitaire, Souriau et son œuvre parcourent ainsi le monde philosophique du milieu du xx e siècle.
Blason d’un corps
Authors: Corcos Maurice
Published: October 2017

Notre expérience personnelle est basée sur une population de graves anorexiques et de boulimiques avec des symptômes majeurs, évoluant généralement sur plusieurs années. Le traitement et le suivi pour certains d’entre eux sont répartis sur plusieurs années, et peut-être supérieur à dix ans dans quelques cas. Cette pratique qui associe un grand nombre de cas et des traitements individuels individualisés à long terme a permis l’émergence d’une certaine quantité de données qui ont soulevé un certain nombre de questions concernant le fonctionnement mental de ces patients. Ces observations nous ont amené à penser que la difficulté essentielle de ces adolescents réside dans leur personnalité et leur capacité à faire face aux conflits. De nombreux auteurs suggèrent que les angoisses narcissiques se trouvent derrière l’impassibilité addictive dans les troubles de l’alimentation Cela peut donc être conceptualisé comme une structure narcissique de défense contre les angoisses perturbatrices. Lorsque cette défense est inefficace, des réactions dépressives sévères sont observées. Nous semblons voir le plus souvent une proximité, mais pas une continuité avec, des épisodes de mélancolie : Le plus souvent, cette défense contient avec succès des pannes, avec des degrés variables d’effet, et ce que nous voyons cliniquement est plus de l’ordre du désespoir et la défense contre la dépression, plutôt que la dépression symptomatique établie. C’est cette dynamique, cet évitement du désespoir lié à un schéma narcissique compensatoire juxtaposé qui, nous le sentons, doit être apprécié pour comprendre les risques qui se développent dans ces comportements : psychotic breakdowns, développement anormal, troubles de la conduite et tendances psychopathiques et réactions psychosomatiques.
De la critique du refoulement à l’unité relationnelle
Authors: Renaudo Gérard
Published: October 2017

Dans ses travaux, Sami-Ali fait souvent référence à Wittgenstein. Dans cet article je tente de montrer comment ses attitudes de recherche et ses manières de prendre la réalité humaine en considération convergent avec celles du philosophe. Dans ce but, j’examine son travail avec la notion de refoulement. Je montre ainsi que ce sont l’attention aux détails, la prudence dans le maniement de la langue, le doute vis-à-vis des théories complètes et la critique logique des concepts (attitudes partagées avec Wittgenstein) qui permettent à Sami-Ali d’élaborer une notion de refoulement qui réponde à nos véritables besoins, et d’aboutir à une vue d’ensemble du fonctionnement de l’humain dans sa réalité, l’unité relationnelle.
Anorexie et art-thérapie relationnelle
Authors: Al-Husseini Leila
Published: October 2017

Il est question d’exposer quelques moments importants d’une thérapie toujours en cours auprès de Lucie une jeune femme souffrant d’anorexie. La démarche relationnelle en art-thérapie va opérer chez Lucie un changement essentiel qui se traduit par le fait que le travail avec les couleurs ravive ses souvenirs et donne une place réelle aux émotions et aux rêves jusqu’alors refoulés. L’émergence du corps avec ses sensations et ses douleurs dues à la dénutrition est pour le moment une épreuve épuisante pour elle. Le chemin à faire est encore long mais la thérapie permet à Lucie de s’éloigner de cette zone de danger et d’une issue fatale de son désordre affectif qu’elle exprime par son anorexie.