bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical stability of Cabazitaxel Zentiva® solution in vials after opening and diluted solutions in three infusion bags
Authors: D’Huart Elise , Sacrez Matthieu , Vigneron Jean , Sobalak Nathalie , Demoré Béatrice
Published: July 2023

Objectives

To the best of our knowledge, few studies have been published on the stability of cabazitaxel in infusion bags. Stabilis® database has selected a study demonstrating the stability of this molecule at 0.15 mg/mL for 28 days at 4 °C and 25 °C in polyolefin bags. The aim of this work was to study the physicochemical stability of Cabazitaxel Zentiva® solutions in vials after “opening” with a vented ChemoClave® Spike, at 25 °C, protected from light and in solutions diluted at 0.1 and 0.26 mg/mL in 0.9 % sodium chloride (0.9 % NaCl) or dextrose 5 % (D5W) in 3 types of infusion bags (Easyflex® and Viaflo® at 25 °C, Freeflex® between 2 and 8 °C, protected from light).

Methods

The chemical stability was analyzed after preparation and then after 14 and 28 days of storage by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), coupled to a diode array detector, at the analysis wavelength of 232 nm. The method has been validated according to ICH Q2 (R1) standards. For the study in infusion bags, three preparations were realised for each condition. At each time of analysis, for each bag, a sample was prepared and analyzed by HPLC. Two vials after “openings” were kept at 25 °C and three samples per vial were prepared and analyzed at the three analysis times (D0, D14 and D28). Physical stability was assessed by visual examination (change in colour, appearance of precipitate, gas formation). The pH of the solutions prepared in infusion bags was evaluated at each analysis time.

Results

Cabazitaxel solutions at 0.1 and 0.26 mg/mL diluted in 0.9 % NaCl or D5W in Easyflex® (polyolefin), Viaflo® (multilayer high density polyethylene, polyamide, polypropylene) bags retained more than 95 % of the concentration after 28 days at 25 °C. In the Freeflex® bag (polypropylene multilayers), cabazitaxel solutions at 0.1 and 0.26 mg/mL diluted in 0.9 % NaCl or D5W retained more than 95 % of the initial concentration between 2 and 8 °C for 28 days. In vials with a Spike, cabazitaxel solutions at 20 mg/mL retained more than 95 % of the initial concentration for 28 days at 25 °C. For all the conditions studied, no visual modification was observed. The pH of solutions in bags were constant during the stability study.

Conclusions

Cabazitaxel Zentiva® diluted at 0.1 and 0.26 mg/mL in 0.9 % NaCl or D5W was stable for 28 days at 25 °C and between 2 and 8 °C. These stability data allow preparations to be made in advance. The remainder of the cabazitaxel vial fitted with a Spike was stable for 28 days at 25 °C, allowing the remainder of the vial to be used over several days.
Prediction and simulation of mechanical properties of borophene-reinforced epoxy nanocomposites using molecular dynamics and FEA
Authors: Banerjee Nirvik , Sen Abhishek , Ghosh Partha S. , Biswas Amit R. , Sharma Shubham , Kumar Abhinav , Singh Rajesh , Li Changhe , Kaur Jatinder , Eldin Sayed M.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this work is to predict the mechanical properties of single- to few-layered borophene (η-LB)/epoxy composites using molecular dynamics modelling. An epoxy matrix was used to hold borophene in layers, and a borophene sheet was homogeneously incorporated into the epoxy matrix to generate borophene/epoxy nanocomposites. In this work, the mechanical properties of borophene/epoxy nanocomposites have been analysed in further detail. In addition to the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites, the impacts of borophene on the density distribution of epoxy polymers in the nanocomposites led to the observation that the local density is relatively high near the borophene–β12 interface and gradually declines to the bulk value as one advances away from the interface. The mechanical properties of the borophene-layered nanocomposites were superior to those of their substitutes, with the former having a higher Young’s modulus and a lower thermal expansion coefficient. This is due to the fact that borophene layer loading may result in a significant quantity of high-density polymer being present in the nanocomposites, which enhances the overall properties of the nanocomposites. In addition, the interaction between the three to four layers of loaded borophene layer provides the greatest reinforcement among the two nanocomposites systems. Finite element analysis analyses on the preferred results of the β12 LB were in excellent agreement with those of the experimental simulation data, demonstrating that this computational technique may be used to reliably predict the characteristics of borophene/epoxy composites in the future.
Evaluating Different Covariate Balancing Methods: A Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Fukui Hideki
Published: July 2023

We investigate the effectiveness of five weighting and matching techniques, including propensity score matching (PSM), in improving covariate balance and reducing bias when estimating treatment effects in finite-sample situations through Monte Carlo simulations. King and Nielsen (2019. “Why Propensity Scores Should Not Be Used for Matching.” Political Analysis 27 (4): 435–54) argue that pruning observations based on PSM with 1-to-1 greedy matching can worsen rather than improve covariate balance and can increase the bias in the estimates of treatment effects. In our simulations, we observed this phenomenon not only in PSM with 1-to-1 greedy matching but also in other covariate balancing techniques that King and Nielsen (2019. “Why Propensity Scores Should Not Be Used for Matching.” Political Analysis 27 (4): 435–54) recommend as better matching methods, i.e. Mahalanobis distance matching (MDM) and coarsened exact matching (CEM). Regardless of the weighting/matching techniques and the data generation processes in this study, our findings indicate that matching and weighting under extreme caliper or cut-point settings does not improve covariate balance. In addition, once a substantially improved covariate balance is achieved in a given sample, the estimated bias tends to worsen slightly as the covariate balance continues to improve. Moreover, our simulation results suggest that OLS with proper covariates reduces selection bias as well as other weighting and matching methods. The results suggest that when analyzing observational data, it is important to avoid looking for a one-size-fits-all estimator and to identify the appropriate nonexperimental estimator carefully for the sample by thoroughly investigating the available data’s characteristics.
ESTUDO DE VIABILIDADE DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DE ENERGIA EÓLICA NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: De Souza Lopes Kaoã Bacelar , Azevedo Junior Geraldo Motta
Published: July 2023

Com a pauta atual mundial sobre a necessidade de se produzir de forma sustentável, a energia eólica ganhou um grande destaque no cenário energético. É uma energia limpa e renovável, e sua produção vem demonstrando virtuoso crescimento no Brasil devido às suas condições naturais favoráveis que possibilita dispor de um grande potencial para a produção desse tipo de energia. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo busca identificar uma região no Estado do Rio de Janeiro com maior potencial para a implementação de um parque eólico. São apresentados os conceitos relacionados à geração de energia elétrica através da conversão da energia cinética dos ventos, um comparativo de todos os métodos de geração utilizados no país, aspectos históricos, estudo do regime de ventos locais e tipos de aerogeradores mais utilizados. Após a apresentação dos conceitos é feito um estudo de caso em que se simula a implantação de um parque eólico na região norte fluminense devidamente dimensionado com uma potência de 273 MW a fim de atender as principais cidades da região e ao mesmo tempo interligar esta geração com a malha elétrica nacional. Ao final deste projeto verificou-se que o Estado do Rio de Janeiro possui potencial a viabilidade técnica para a instalação deste parque eólico na região norte fluminense.
ANÁLISE DA ADEQUAÇÃO DE UMA EDIFICAÇÃO ESCOLAR À NOVA LEGISLAÇÃO DE PREVENÇÃO E COMBATE A INCÊNDIO NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Pinheiro Moniqui Marins , Fernandes Andréa Sousa da Cunha
Published: July 2023

Devido às mudanças na legislação de prevenção e combate a incêndios no Rio de Janeiro, é de suma importância capacitar os profissionais envolvidos na construção e manutenção das edificações escolares, para que possam operar em conformidade com as novas normas. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise da legislação de prevenção e combate a incêndios no estado do Rio de Janeiro, com foco na adequação das edificações escolares às normas de segurança. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica abrangendo os conceitos fundamentais necessários para uma compreensão aprofundada do tema em estudo. Em seguida, discute-se a legislação atual de prevenção e combate a incêndios vigente no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Com base nessa discussão, é apresentado um estudo de caso que ilustra as medidas preventivas e corretivas necessárias para garantir a segurança dos alunos, professores e demais usuários da edificação escolar. Por último, são delineados os passos necessários para regularizar a edificação junto ao CBMERJ. Assim, este trabalho fornece informações relevantes para assegurar a segurança das edificações escolares e de seus usuários. É fundamental ressaltar que a prevenção e combate a incêndios é uma responsabilidade compartilhada entre os proprietários das edificações, os profissionais envolvidos em sua construção e manutenção, bem como as autoridades competentes. Portanto, é crucial que todos estejam cientes das normas de segurança e colaborem conjuntamente para garantir a segurança contra incêndios nas edificações escolares. Assim, espera-se que este trabalho possa contribuir para o aumento da conscientização sobre a importância da prevenção e combate a incêndios, bem como para a disseminação de informações relevantes sobre o tema.
INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL APLICADA NA OTIMIZAÇÃO HIDRICA PARA AS DIVERSAS CULTURAS AGRICOLAS (OTIMAGRI)
Authors: Sanchez Delgado Angel Ramon , Rodriguez Maria Claudia , Cavalcante Júnior Jose Airton Chaves , Júnior Manoel Villas Bôas
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho apresenta um modelo de Sistema de Otimização para apoio a decisão, baseado na minimização da utilização de recursos naturais e insumos, usando-se o algoritmo de Otimização por Enxame de Partículas, traduzido do inglês, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). O método proposto tem como objetivo a maximização da receita líquida com recursos limitados. O algoritmo PSO é utilizado como método de otimização, sendo responsável por encontrar o menor consumo dos insumos de uma determinada cultura. Para efetuar o cálculo do grau de otimização foi utilizada a função de produção descrita no trabalho de CAVALCANTE JUNIOR, J.A.C; SANCHEZ, A.R.D.; RODRIGUES, M.C.; CANEDO, J.A.C (2018). Os resultados obtidos pelo método proposto foram compatíveis, e até superiores aos resultados encontrados na literatura para as culturas alface americana e meloeiro. Comparando os resultados obtidos com os apresentados de forma analítica, pode-se concluir que a ferramenta apresentada constitui uma alternativa confiável na tomada de decisões econômicas.
Succession of bacterial community structure in response to a one-time application of biochar in barley rhizosphere and bulk soils
Authors: Yu Lu , Homyak Peter M. , Li Liangzhong , Gu Haiping
Published: July 2023

Biochar is often used as an amendment to enhance soil fertility by directly increasing soil pH and nutrient availability. However, biochar may also improve soil fertility indirectly by altering the succession of bacterial communities that, in turn, may alter nutrient supply and availability. To determine how biochar affects soil bacterial richness and diversity, as well as how bacterial communities respond to biochar across space and time, we studied the rhizosphere and bulk soils of potted barley plants for 2 years. Adding biochar significantly increased bacterial community richness (Chao 1 richness index) by the end of the second year in the rhizosphere (P = 0.037), but in bulk soils, we observed an increase in richness in Year 1 that dissipated by Year 2. In contrast to richness, adding biochar only had a significant effect on bacterial community diversity (Shannon diversity index) in Year 1 seedling stage (P < 0.001), but the effect dissipated thereafter. We also found that adding biochar increased the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria but decreased the relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi, suggesting these communities were sensitive to biochar inputs. The biochar-sensitive genera belonging to Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria made up 45%–58% of sensitive taxa in both rhizosphere and bulk soils. Of the Proteobacteria sensitive to adding biochar, Nitrosospira and Sphingomonas were most abundant in the rhizosphere relative to bulk soils. However, despite the initial increase of biochar sensitive responders in the rhizosphere, their numbers decreased after 2 years and had 179 fewer genera than bulk soils. Our findings suggest the effect of adding biochar was relatively short-lived and that the influence of the plant phenology was a stronger driver of bacterial community change than biochar inputs 2 years after its application. Altogether, the succession of soil bacterial community structure reflected changes in the soil environment induced by the combined effect of biochar, rhizospheric inputs, and plant phenology, suggesting that changes in microbial community composition observed after amending soils with biochar, may also contribute to changes in soil fertility.
Arginine dependency is a therapeutically exploitable vulnerability in chronic myeloid leukaemic stem cells
Authors: Rattigan Kevin M , Zarou Martha M , Brabcova Zuzana , Prasad Bodhayan , Zerbst Désirée , Sarnello Daniele , Kalkman Eric R , Ianniciello Angela , Scott Mary T , Dunn Karen , Shokry Engy , Sumpton David , Copland Mhairi , Tardito Saverio , Vande Voorde Johan , Mussai Francis , Cheng Paul , Helgason G Vignir
Published: July 2023

To fuel accelerated proliferation, leukaemic cells undergo metabolic deregulation, which can result in specific nutrient dependencies. Here, we perform an amino acid drop‐out screen and apply pre‐clinical models of chronic phase chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) to identify arginine as a nutrient essential for primary human CML cells. Analysis of the Microarray Innovations in Leukaemia (MILE) dataset uncovers reduced ASS1 levels in CML compared to most other leukaemia types. Stable isotope tracing reveals repressed activity of all urea cycle enzymes in patient‐derived CML CD34+ cells, rendering them arginine auxotrophic. Thus, arginine deprivation completely blocks proliferation of CML CD34+ cells and induces significantly higher levels of apoptosis when compared to arginine‐deprived cell lines. Similarly, primary CML cells, but not normal CD34+ samples, are particularly sensitive to treatment with the arginine‐depleting enzyme, BCT‐100, which induces apoptosis and reduces clonogenicity. Moreover, BCT‐100 is highly efficacious in a patient‐derived xenograft model, causing > 90% reduction in the number of human leukaemic stem cells (LSCs). These findings indicate arginine depletion to be a promising and novel strategy to eradicate therapy resistant LSCs.
Platelet‐derived lipids promote insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells
Authors: Karwen Till , Kolczynska‐Matysiak Katarzyna , Gross Carina , Löffler Mona C , Friedrich Mike , Loza‐Valdes Angel , Schmitz Werner , Wit Magdalena , Dziaczkowski Filip , Belykh Andrei , Trujillo‐Viera Jonathan , El‐Merahbi Rabih , Deppermann Carsten , Nawaz Sameena , Hastoy Benoit , Demczuk Agnieszka , Erk Manuela , Wieckowski Mariusz R , Rorsman Patrik , Heinze Katrin G , Stegner David , Nieswandt Bernhard , Sumara Grzegorz
Published: July 2023

Hyperreactive platelets are commonly observed in diabetic patients indicating a potential link between glucose homeostasis and platelet reactivity. This raises the possibility that platelets may play a role in the regulation of metabolism. Pancreatic β cells are the central regulators of systemic glucose homeostasis. Here, we show that factor(s) derived from β cells stimulate platelet activity and platelets selectively localize to the vascular endothelium of pancreatic islets. Both depletion of platelets and ablation of major platelet adhesion or activation pathways consistently resulted in impaired glucose tolerance and decreased circulating insulin levels. Furthermore, we found platelet‐derived lipid classes to promote insulin secretion and identified 20‐Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20‐HETE) as the main factor promoting β cells function. Finally, we demonstrate that the levels of platelet‐derived 20‐HETE decline with age and that this parallels with reduced impact of platelets on β cell function. Our findings identify an unexpected function of platelets in the regulation of insulin secretion and glucose metabolism, which promotes metabolic fitness in young individuals.
Gap-filling model between the labor market requirements and the standards of educational programmes for business analysts in Ukraine
Authors: Kobets Vitaliy M. , Koval Svitlana V.
Published: July 2023

Under global competition, the training of personnel with the demanded competencies in the labor market becomes a guarantee ofcompetitive-ness of enterprises in the digital economy. The purpose of the paper is to identify gaps in the training of business analysts between the requirements of the labor market and the standards of higher education programs in Ukraine. Paper is devoted to analysis of the IT market of Ukraine and the imbalance of competences in the IT labor market in Ukraine; comparingthe requirements of employers for the competencies of IT specialists in the labor market; determiningthe competencies of educational programs in Ukraine according to the standards of the Ministryof Education and Science and their compliance with the requirements of the labor market for IT specialties,developingan experimental model of the impact of competencies of IT majors on the wages of business analysts.Affordablevacancies were analyzed and divided into 5 groups: Banks, Government institutions, IT, Retail and Other. These vacancies were analyzed by gen-eral competencies and specific subjectcompetencies.After comparing, the requirements of Ukrainian employers for the position of busi-ness analyst on the job search sites the most important specific subjectcompetencies for the IT industry were identified.Paper propose methodological approach to revise educational programmes according to market needs of employers.The ability to explain economic and social processes and phenomena based ontheoretical models, to analyze and interpret the obtained results, which determines the average monthly salary increase. The ability to develop business solutions and evaluate new technological proposals leads to a decrease in salary. The ability to form new competitive ideas and implement them in projects reduces the salary, when working inpositions in mature companies. Understanding flexible development processes increases the salary of employees.The proposed approachof reveal-ing statistical significant competences can be applied to any specialty.
Simulation modelling of sampling and replacement of coal suppliers for thermal power plants
Authors: Grishyn Maksym V. , Tarakhtij Olga S.
Published: July 2023

This paper embarks to the persistent suboptimal coal quality issues experienced in thermal power plants that hinder operational efficiency and sustainability. The research is divided into three main segments: formulation of a transport problem, creationof a coal supplier selection model, and construction of a MATLAB Simulink® simulation for detecting and refusing low-grade coal. The proposed supplier selection model, important for thermal power plants, considers factors such as potential transport delays and the necessity of reserve refueling to prevent fuel shortages. This model is expected to decrease fuel shortages and enhance the reliability and efficiency of thermal power plants. Additionally, a coal quality detection model has been developed using a sampling approach based on the Cochran formula, aiming to increase defect detection accuracy, thus reducing the likelihood of utilizing poor-quality coal. The model's unique feature is its dynamic adjustment of coal sample selection based on combustion results, enabling real-time response to coal quality inconsistencies. Upon detecting poor-qualitycoal, the power plants promptly switch to an alternate supplier, minimizing operational disruptions. The validity of the models was confirmed via simulation on various examples.
Human action analysis models in artificial intelligence based proctoring systems and dataset for them
Authors: Antoshchuk Svitlana G. , Breskina Anastasiia A.
Published: July 2023

This paper describes the approach for building a specialized model for human action analysis in AI-based proctoring systemsand proposes a prototype of dataset which contains data specific to the application area. Boosted development of machine learningtechnologies, the availability of devicesand the access to the Internet are skyrocketing the development of the field of distance learning. And in parallel with distance learning systemstheAI-based proctoring systems, that provide the functional analysis of student work by imitating the teacher's assessment, are developing as well. However, despite the development of image processing and machine learning technology, the functionality of modern proctoring systems is still at a primitive level. Within the image processing functionality, they focus entirely on tracking students' faces and do not track postures and actions. At the same time, assessment of physical activity is necessary not only as part of the learning process, but also to keep students healthy according to regulatory requirements, as they spend the entire duration of learning process in front of computers or other devices during the distance learning. In existing implementations, this process falls entirely on the shoulders of teachers or even the studentsthemselves, who work through the lesson materials or tests on their own. Teachers, at the same time, have toeither establish contact through video communication systems and social media (TikTok, Instagram) and/or analyse videos of students doing certain physical activities in ordertoorganise physical activities evaluation. The lack of such functionality in AI-based proctoring systemsslows down the learning process and potentially harms students' health in the long run. This paper presents additional functionality requirements forAI-based proctoring systemsincluding human action analysis functionality to assess physical activity and to monitor hygiene rules for working with computers during the educational process. For this purpose, afoundation modelcalledInternVideo was used for processing and analysis of student's actions. Based on it, the approach for building a specialized model for student action analysis was proposed. It includes two modes of student activity evaluation during the distance learning process: static and dynamic. The static mode (aka working phase) analyses and evaluates the student's behavior during the learning and examination process, where physical activity is not the main component of learning. The dynamic mode (aka physical education mode) analyses and assesses the student who purposefully performs physical activity (physical education lesson, exercises for children during the lesson, etc.). A prototype dataset designed specifically for this application area has also been proposed.
Estimation psychophysiological state via nonlinear dynamic integral models
Authors: Pavlenko Vitaliy D. , Shamanina Tetiana V. , Chori Vladуslav V.
Published: July 2023

The method of experimental research “input-output”of the human oculo-motor system was developed and implemented using innovative eye-tracking technology for recording oculo-motor systemresponses to test visual stimuli. Stimuli are displayed on the monitor screen at different distances from the starting position. This formally corresponds to the action of step signals with different amplitudes at the input of the oculo-motor system. According to the empirical data of the “input-output”studies of the respondent's oculo-motor systemobtained with the aid of the TobiiProTX300 eye tracker, the transient functions of the first and diagonal intersections of the transient functions of the second and third orders of the oculo-motor systemwere determined. Experimental studies of the respondent's oculo-motor systemto identify the state of fatigue were carried out before the beginning (in the morning) and after the working day (in the evening). The obtained multidimensional transient functions are used as a source of primary data in the implementation of intelligent information technology for diagnosis and monitoring of the psychophysiological state of a person. Instrumental algorithmic and software tools for determining diagnostic features based on the identification data of the oculo-motor systemin the form of multidimensional transient functionsin the Python language have been developed.Training samples of data fortwo states of the respondent (“Normal”and “Fatigue”) were formed on the basis of the proposed heuristic features, which are determined using integral and differential transformations of the obtained multidimensional transient functionsof the oculo-motor system. Training samples of data are used to build classifiers of psychophysiological states of an individual using machine learning tools. The informativeness of individual features and all their possible combinations in pairs according to the indicator of the probability of correct recognition was studied using the method of complete search. The research results were obtained by evaluating the quality of recognition of states built by Bayesian classifiers in different spaces of the proposed features. An analysis of the stability of the correct recognitioninformativeness indicator of different feature spaces under the influence of different levels of additive noise on the features was carried out. Two-dimensional feature spaces with the maximum and most stable value of the correct recognitionindicator were found when solving the scientific and practical task of assessing the psychophysiological state (fatigue) of a person (0.9375). Thus, it seems appropriate to use the multidimensional transient functionsobtained from eye-tracking data in diagnostic studies in the fields of neuroscience and experimental psychology
L’Istria riflessa nella lirica di Lina Galli. Terra di dolore e amore
Authors: Youssef Nivein
Published: July 2023

L’articolo si prefigge di raccontare, attraverso l’analisi della trilogia Giorni di guerra (1950), Tramortito mondo (1953) e Notte sull’Istria (1958) della poetessa istriana Lina Galli, il dolore e la sofferenza della gente istriana provocati dall’abbandono della terra natia durante e a seguito della Seconda Guerra Mondiale. Mentre le prime due sillogi vengono considerate lo specchio dell’Istria distrutta e travagliata dalla guerra, in Notte sull’Istria la Galli dà più spazio a presentare l’altro volto della sua terra perduta: terra d’amore, bei ricordi dell’infanzia, paesaggi mozzafiato. Da quest’abbandono contemplativo e nostalgico si traduce la raffigurazione di un paesaggio sullo schermo della memoria, da cui si può ricavare il contrasto dell’Istria, terra di serenità e tristezza, di amore e dolore.
Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor crosstalk with integrins, cadherins, and the tumor microenvironment: sticking points in understanding IGF1R function in cancer
Authors: Galifi Christopher A , Wood Teresa L
Published: July 2023

Despite decades of research presenting insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) as an attractive target for cancer therapy, IGF1R inhibitors ultimately failed in clinical trials. This was surprising due to the known cancer-promoting functions of IGF1R, including stimulation of cell invasion, proliferation, and survival. Discourse in the literature has acknowledged that a lack of patient stratification may have impacted the success of IGF1R-inhibitor trials. This argument alludes to the possibility that IGF1R function may be contingent on tumor type and cellular composition. Looking into the known roles of IGF1R, it becomes clear that this receptor interacts with a multitude of different proteins and even has tumor-suppressing functions. IGF1R is implicated in both cell–cell and cell–surface adhesion dynamics, and the effects of either IGF1R downregulation or pharmacological inhibition on cellular adhesion remain poorly understood. In turn, adhesion receptors modulate IGF1R signaling. In addition, our understanding of IGF1R function in tumor-associated immune and stromal cells is lacking, which could contribute to the overwhelming failure of IGF1R inhibitors in the clinic. In this review, we re-investigate clinical trial data to make connections between the failure of these drugs in human cancer patients and the understudied facets of IGF1R function. We describe lesser-known and potentially tumor-suppressive functions of IGF1R that include promoting cell–cell adhesion through E-cadherin, augmenting a pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype, and stimulating B cells to produce immunoglobulins. We also highlight the important role of adhesion receptors in regulating IGF1R function, and we use this information to infer stratification criteria for selecting patients that might benefit from IGF1R inhibitors.
El niño de Birán. Lectura de una foto infantil de Fidel Castro
Authors: Camacho Navarro Enrique , Mejía Cuéllar Diana Karina
Published: July 2023

This article analyzes a photograph of Fidel Castro that is very far from the epic stage of the guerrillero, but that is part of the iconography around this character. It is a portrait of Fidel at the age of three, taken in Birán in 1929, studied in order to understand the interests and intentions in its production, as well as the current uses of this image. Based on the consideration of photography as a social and cultural practice that integrates meanings, it must be incorporated in the study of history as a document that allows to provide information about their contexts of production and reproduction. From these considerations, it was possible to observe the meaning of the iconographic representation of Fidel at the age of three, who was photographed using conventions that highlighted the favorable economic conditions enjoyed by the Castro Ruz family, however, the study reveals that it has been added meanings in its subsequent uses, product of political interests around the Fidel’s guerrilla career.
El espacio caribeño en Rastro de sal de Arabella Salaverry
Authors: Alpízar Diana Martínez
Published: July 2023

The present paper analyses the setting up of the Caribbean space in the novel Rastro de sal by the Costa Rican writer Arabella Salaverry. This space is approached from two different perspectives: the first one is linked with the general representation of the Caribbean space. This analysis focuses on three relations in specific: connectivity/isolation; nature/culture; center/periphery. The second perspective is interested in the domestic space and its interactions with the female characters, based on the following relations: liberty/ imprisonment; interior/exterior. It concludes that in Rastro de sal the Caribbean space is showed as contradictory, dynamic, and unequal.
Biobased films from amphiphilic lignin-graft-PLGA copolymer
Authors: Mendez Omar E. , Astete Carlos E. , Hermanová Soňa , Boldor Dorin , Orts William , Sabliov Cristina M.
Published: July 2023

Amphiphilic copolymers were synthesized by grafting poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid with two lignin types: alkaline lignin and lignosulfonate. An interphase formation technique was used to produce films based on the copolymers. Films presented one side as being more hydrophobic (O-side) and smoother, and the second side more polar and with an uneven surface (W-side). Contact angle of water on the W-side was lower than the O-side corresponding to a higher lignin content and influenced by the lignin type (alkaline < lignosulfonate) and lignin: PLGA ratio. X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy analysis showed higher percentages of sulfur on the W-side, which supports a preferential partitioning of the lignin. Tensile testing demonstrated the significant impact of lignin type on the mechanical properties of the films. Alkaline films showed a higher maximum strength, a higher stiffness, and a higher tensile strength at the elastic limit compared to lignosulfonate films. However, for lignosulfonate films, ductility at break point was 4-fold higher than that of alkaline films.
Implementasi Orhiba Di Mahad Al-Zaytun Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sobirin Sobirin , Santoso Budi
Published: July 2023

The Corona Virus Disease outbreak, also known as the Corona virus or Covid-19, is an acute respiratory syndrome disease that has spread to nearly every country in the world, infecting and killing many people. Education is one aspect of life that has been affected by this epidemic. The Indonesian government enforces online or online learning to prevent transmission. Nonetheless, an educational institution known as the Al Zaytun Campus continues to provide face-to-face instruction while adhering to health protocols and implementing numerous innovations. The innovations implemented are referred to as ORHIBA (New Life Order). The topic of this paper is therefore "ORHIBA Implementation at Mahad Al Zaitun During the Covid-19 Pandemic." Using a phenomenological research methodology, this study aims to determine how ORHIBA is implemented on the Al Zaytun campus. From the research findings, it was determined that there were changes to a healthier lifestyle than usual, while still adhering to WHO health standards in handling Covid-19, in addition to a number of innovations in various sectors that produced better results. It is hoped that this way of life will serve as a model for other locations, including the government, which is presently implementing the New Normal way of life.Keywords: Strategy; ORHIBA; Covid-19 Pandemic AbstrakWabah Penyakit Virus Corona, juga dikenal sebagai virus Corona atau Covid-19, adalah penyakit sindrom pernafasan akut yang telah menyebar ke hampir setiap negara di dunia, menginfeksi dan membunuh banyak orang. Pendidikan merupakan salah satu aspek kehidupan yang terkena imbas dari wabah ini. Pemerintah Indonesia memberlakukan pembelajaran daring atau online untuk mencegah penularan. Meski demikian, lembaga pendidikan yang dikenal dengan nama Kampus Al Zaytun ini tetap memberikan pengajaran tatap muka dengan tetap mematuhi protokol kesehatan dan menerapkan berbagai inovasi. Inovasi yang diterapkan disebut sebagai ORHIBA (Tatanan Hidup Baru). Makalah ini diangkat dengan topik “Implementasi ORHIBA di Mahad Al Zaitun Selama Pandemi Covid-19”. Dengan menggunakan metodologi penelitian fenomenologi, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi ORHIBA di kampus Al Zaytun. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui adanya perubahan pola hidup yang lebih sehat dari biasanya, dengan tetap berpegang pada standar kesehatan WHO dalam penanganan Covid-19, selain sejumlah inovasi di berbagai sektor yang membuahkan hasil lebih baik. Cara hidup seperti ini diharapkan dapat menjadi percontohan bagi daerah lain, termasuk pemerintah yang saat ini menerapkan cara hidup New Normal.Kata Kunci: Strategi; ORHIBA; Pandemi Covid-19
Analisis Desentralisasi Asimetris Pada Pengangkatan Penjabat (PJ) Gubernur Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Authors: Asmui Asmui , Furqon Abdil Azizul , Maggalatung A. Salman , Rambe Mara Sutan , Ikhsan Muh. , Fadli Ahmad Risyad
Published: July 2023

One of the impacts arising from the implementation of simultaneous elections and elections is the existence of vacancies in regional heads in several provinces and districts. To fill the vacancy, an Acting PJ was appointed by the Government. Rapture acting regional head as stipulated in the provisions of Article 201 paragraph (9) of the Law 10 of 2016 raises questions about its application in the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government. As regions with a special status different from other regional governments, Jakarta places the Governor with great authority, including appointing and dismissing the Mayor and Regent in Article 29 of 2007, which is indeed placed as an acting administrative task. Because of that great authority, the mechanism for electing the Governor of DKI Jakarta is more specialized, namely meeting the number of votes 50%, and if it is not fulfilled, a second round of elections will be held. This is done so that The governor elected by the people is truly of the will of the majority of the people because later the Governor has great authority. Given the specificity possessed by DKI Jakarta Government, hence the application of Article 201 paragraph (9) of Law Number 10 of 2016 is questionable, especially from its constitutionality.Keywords: Simultaneous Elections; Asymmetric Decentralization; Acting Regional Heads; DKI Jakarta AbstrakSalah satu dampak yang muncul dari pelaksanaan pemilu dan pemilukada serentak adalah adanya kekosongan jabatan pada kepala daerah di beberapa provinsi dan kabupaten. Sebagai upaya untuk mengisi kekosongan jabatan tersebut, maka diangkat Penjabat (PJ) oleh Pemerintah. Pengangkatan Penjabat (PJ) Kepala Daerah sebagaimana diatur dalam ketentuan Pasal 201 ayat (9) Undang-Undang 10 Tahun 2016 menimbulkan pertanyaan penerapannya di Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Sebagai daerah yang memiliki status kekhususan yang berbeda dengan pemerintahan daerah lain, DKI Jakarta menempatkan Gubernur dengan kewenangan yang besar, termasuk mengangkat dan memberhentikan Walikota dan Bupati yang dalam desain Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2007, memang ditempatkan sebagai pelaksana tugas administratif. Karena kewenangan yang besar itu, mekanisme pemilihan Gubernur DKI Jakarta lebih dikhususkan lagi yaitu memenuhi jumlah suara 50%, dan jika tidak terpenuhi akan dilakukan putaran kedua pemilihan. Hal tersebut dilakukan agar Gubernur yang dipilih oleh masyarakat adalah benar-benar dari kehendak mayoritas masyarakat sebab nantinya Gubernur memiliki kewenangan yang besar. Mengingat kekhususan yang dimiliki Pemerintahan DKI Jakarta, maka penerapan Pasal 201 ayat (9) Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2016 patut dipertanyakan terutama dari konstitusionalitasnya.Kata Kunci: Pemilu Serentak; Desentralisasi Asimetris; Penjabat Kepala Daerah; DKI Jakarta
The Urgency of Mediation in the Religious Courts
Authors: Hidayat Asep Syarifuddin
Published: July 2023

This article addresses the necessity of using mediation in religious courts as a means of conflict resolution because it is proven to be both effective and helpful. In the context of resolving economic disputes according to Sharia law, mediation is an essential component in the process of bringing the opposing parties together to find a solution that is equitable and conducive to peaceful coexistence. This article describes the scope of mediation in religious courts. It discusses the several types of problems that can be handled by mediation, including business, contractual, and inheritance disagreements. In addition, the concepts of mediation that have been embraced by religious courts, such as the values of liberty, volunteering, and confidentiality, are explained below. The research method that was employed was a qualitative research method that used an approach that was based on both the literature and legislative requirements. According to the findings of recent research, the use of mediation in the process of conflict resolution can result in significant time, financial, and resource savings while also contributing to the preservation of amicable relations between the disputants. This article also provides a list of various case studies and empirical evidence that support the benefits of mediation within the setting of religious courts.Keywords: Mediation; Religious courts; Dispute Abstrak:Artikel ini membahas perlunya penggunaan mediasi di pengadilan agama sebagai sarana penyelesaian konflik karena terbukti efektif dan membantu. Dalam konteks penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi menurut hukum syariah, mediasi merupakan komponen penting dalam proses mempertemukan pihak-pihak yang bertikai untuk mencari solusi yang adil dan kondusif bagi hidup berdampingan secara damai. Artikel ini memberikan gambaran tentang ruang lingkup mediasi di peradilan agama. Ini membahas beberapa jenis masalah yang dapat ditangani oleh mediasi, antara lain masalah bisnis, perselisihan kontrak, dan perselisihan warisan. Selain itu, konsep-konsep mediasi yang dianut oleh peradilan agama seperti nilai-nilai kebebasan, kerelawanan, dan kerahasiaan dijelaskan di bawah ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan yang didasarkan pada literatur dan persyaratan peraturan perundang-undangan. Menurut temuan penelitian terbaru, penggunaan mediasi dalam proses penyelesaian konflik dapat menghasilkan penghematan waktu, keuangan, dan sumber daya yang signifikan sementara juga berkontribusi pada pelestarian hubungan damai antara pihak yang berselisih. Artikel ini juga memberikan daftar berbagai studi kasus dan bukti empiris yang mendukung manfaat mediasi dalam lingkungan peradilan agama.Kata Kunci: Mediasi; Pengadilan Agama; Sengketa
Islam dan Doktrin Ekonomi
Authors: Zaki Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Islam is a revelation sent down by Allah SWT. to His apostles to regulate all aspects of life both vertically and horizontally which contain broad guidance for life, while at the same time giving essential values to that life. Islam also means obedience, obedience to the will and law of Allah SWT. and fear Him who was sent down to organize human life in this world and the hereafter. Islamic teachings originate from the Quran, sunnah and ijtihad. The main points of Islamic teachings are believing in God Almighty, believing in the day of resurrection and giving charity, doing good deeds, and avoiding evil deeds. In general, the rules in Islam cover three main things, namely aqidah, sharia, and morals. Islam positions economic activity as one of the important aspects to gain glory (falah), and therefore the economic activity needs to be guided and controlled so that it goes in tune with Islamic teachings. Economic activity can only lead to falah as long as it is carried out based on Islamic beliefs and is colored by Islamic morality.Keywords: Islam, Economic activity, Falah. AbstrakIslam merupakan wahyu yang diturunkan oleh Allah swt. kepada rasul-Nya untuk mengatur segala aspek hidup baik vertikal maupun horizontal yang berisi tuntunan kehidupan secara luas, sekaligus memberikan nilai-nilai esensial pada kehidupan tersebut. Islam juga berarti sebagai kepatuhan, ketaatan terhadap kehendak dan hukum Allah swt. dan bertaqwa kepada-Nya yang diturunkan untuk menata kehidupan manusia di dunia dan akhirat. Ajaran-ajaran Islam bersumber dari Alquran, sunnah dan ijtihad. Pokok-pokok ajaran Islam adalah beriman kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, mengimani hari kebangkitan dan pembalasan amal, melakukan amal-amal kebajikan, dan menjauhi perbuatan-perbuatan yang jahat. Secara umum aturan dalam Islam meliputi tiga hal pokok, yakni aqidah, syariah, dan akhlak. Islam memosisikan kegiatan ekonomi sebagai salah satu aspek penting untuk mendapatkan kemuliaan (falah), dan karenanya kegiatan ekonomi perlu dituntun dan dikontrol agar berjalan seirama dengan ajaran Isla. Kegiatan ekonomi hanya mampu membawa kepada falah selama dilaksanakan berdasarkan akidah Islam dan diwarnai dengan moral Islam.Kata kunci: Islam, Aktifitas ekonomi, Falah.
Dobbs v. Jackson Decision: It’s Time to Get Uncomfortable
Authors: Goldstein Rachel L. , Carlson Jennifer L. , Tyson Nichole A.
Published: July 2023

The recently announced decision of the Supreme Court in the Dobbs v. Jackson case has left health care providers, researchers, and administrators struggling to defend reproductive health care against legal restrictions.
Geographic Distribution of Clinical Care for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth
Authors: Weixel Tara , Wildman Beth
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVES: Geographic barriers limit access to clinical care in the United States for transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth. Some factors differentiating access to care are variability in state laws/policies, the number of available clinical care programs and mental health providers for TGD youth.
Resenha: BONELLA, A. E. Viver e Morrer Bem.
Authors: Darlei Dall Agnol Darlei
Published: July 2023

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Versenysportolók hirtelen szívhalálának elemzése, az esetszámok csökkentésének lehetőségei
Authors: Major Zsuzsanna , Medvegy Zoltán , Tulit Tímea Terézia , Simonyi Gábor , Pavlik Gábor , Medvegy Mihály
Published: July 2023

Bevezetés: A sportolói hirtelen szívhalál ritka (0,5–1/100 000
sportolói év), de az ismert sportolók hirtelen szívhalála általános
megrázkódtatást okoz. Célkitűzés: Kutatási célunk volt
összegyűjteni és tanulmányozni minél több hirtelenszívhalál-esetet, megítélni a
stressz szerepét és keresni a tragédiák csökkentésének lehetőségeit.
Módszer: Az interneten talált regiszterekből,
újságcikkekből kigyűjtöttünk 360 (köztük 14 nő) olyan sportolói hirtelen
szívhalált, amelynél a sportág, az életkor és a halál helye
(edzésen/versenyen/ezeket követően) megállapítható volt. Ezekből a halál évszáma
szerinti sorrendben egységes adatbázist készítettünk, amelyet készséggel
bocsátunk az érdeklődők rendelkezésére. Az eseteket sportágak szerint
csoportosítottuk, elemeztük. Eredményeink és irodalmi adatok alapján a tragédiák
csökkentése céljából javaslatokat tettünk. Eredmények és
következtetés: Versenyen több hirtelen szívhalál történt, mint
edzésen (239 vs. 99), de fizikai terheléssel nem járó
bemelegítés és sakkozás közben is történtek tragédiák, viszont a
maraton/félmaraton/triatlon sportolók tét nélküli edzésein nem volt hirtelen
szívhalál. Mindezek a stressz szerepét bizonyítják, ezért nagy tétű verseny
előtt pszichológiai beszélgetést ajánlunk. A csapatsportok edzésein is sok
(79/360) hirtelen szívhalál történt, ezért már ott is javaslunk reanimációs
készenlétet. Edzés/verseny után hirtelen szívhalál elsősorban a nagy statikus
erőkifejtést igénylő sportágakban történt, ott a versenyek utáni megfigyelés is
ajánlott. Az edzéseken meghalt sportolók fiatalabbak voltak a verseny közben
elhunytakhoz képest (p<0,01), ezért az edzéseken a fiatalokat fokozottan kell
orvosi és (alul)edzettségi szempontból figyelni. A maratonfutók és a
triatlonosok idősebbek voltak a csapatsportolóknál (p<0,005), és csak
versenyen haltak meg, ezért náluk verseny előtt is ajánlott egy alapvizsgálat és
1 hónapon belüli EKG. Irodalmi adatokból levont következtetések: a sportorvosi
vizsgálat egységesítése és hozzáférhető dokumentálása lenne szükséges; mivel a
hamarabb és szakszerűen megkezdett újraélesztés eredményesebb, minden versenyző
kapjon reanimációs oktatást. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(29): 1155–1163.