bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMMUNE STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH FRONTAL BASILAR TRAUMA HAVING BC “SYNTEKOST” APPLIED IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT. REPORT 1. THE STATE OF THE SYSTEMIC CELLULAR AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY FACTORS OF PATIENTS WITH FRONTAL BASILAR TRAUMA IN THE ACUTE POSTTRAUMATIC PERIOD PRIOR TO SURGICAL TREATMENT
Authors: Kishchuk Vasyl , Bondarchuk Oleksandr , Dmitrenko Ihor , Lobko Kateryna , Hrytsun Yaroslav , Timchenko Maryna , Datsiuk Oleksandr , Bevz Hennadii
Published: November 2020

Introduction: At present biocomposite materials are used in the surgical treatment of frontal bone fracture. They improve osteogenesis, reduce the number of complications.
Immunologic aspects of application of these materials are studied insufficiently, therefore this report presents the results of immunoassay of patients with frontal bone fracture in the proximate posttraumatic period before implanting preparation “Syntekost”.
The aim: To define the role of immune mechanisms in the realization of the biocomposite material’s positive influence on the development of effective posstraumatic rehabilitation schemes.
Materials and methods: 16 patients with frontal bone fracture (FBF) were examined on admission to the Otolaryngology Clinics of Vinnitsa Region Hospital. Additionally,
10 patients of the similar age were examined as a control group. The content of cells with markers of surface antigens-CD3,14,16,20,25, concentration of immunoglobulins of classes M,G,A,E, С4 complement component and lactoferrin was determined in blood. Immunoenzyme methods were applied. Nonparametric Wilcoxon — Mann — Whitney test, computer programme WIN Pepi were used for statistical measurements.
Results: A decrease in the level of IgM in comparison with practically healthy donors and an increase in the concentration of lactoferrin were identified as humoral immunity factors of patients with frontal basilar trauma. The most significant deviation in the peripheral blood cellular makeup in CD-markers was an increase in cells with markers CD14 and CD16.
Conclusions: The level of cells and prodefensin-lactoferrin that maintain inborn immunity increases and the concentration of coarse defensive protein decreases in the initial period after frontal bone fracture, which must be taken into consideration during post-surgical treatment.
Identificación de creencias y actitudes relacionadas con la desprescripción en pacientes VIH+ de edad avanzada: Proyecto ICARD
Authors: Serrano Giménez Reyes , Gallardo Anciano Jara , Robustillo Cortés María Aguas , Blanco Ramos José Ramón , Gutiérrez Pizarraya Antonio , Morillo Verdugo Ramón ,   Pharmacy Department, Valme University Hospital, Sevilla (Spain).
Published: November 2020

Objectives. HIV population is aging at an earlier age than those uninfected, requiring more non-HIV medications to treat noncommunicable diseases. In the context of chronic HIV infection, the next therapeutic change would be the polymedication control. This paper has the purpose of explore the attitudes of older people living with HIV toward deprescribing. Material and methods. This was an observational, prospective and multicenter study conducted from March-April, 2018. People living with HIV (PLWH) on highly active antiretroviral therapy and older than 65 years were included. In addition to demographic and pharmacotherapeutic data, attitudes regarding deprescribing were collected through the “Revised Patients’ Attitudes Towards Deprescribing Questionnaire”. Results. A total of 42 patients were included in this study. Regarding their attitudes in relation to deprescription, there were three statements with the most consensuses. The first (“I have a good understanding of the reasons I was prescribed each of my medicines”) had 91.9% consensus. The second and third questions showed 89.2% consensus in both cases; “Overall, I am satisfied with my current medicines” and “I like to be involved in making decisions about my medicines with my doctors”. Conclusions. This study is the first to explore the beliefs and attitudes of older PLWH in relation to deprescription process. There are positive attitudes regarding medication knowledge but there also is a percentage of patients who had a negative opinion regarding deprescription. We must study and go deeper in our knowledge of techniques that could help us to better understand their preferences, in order to establish effective and successful deprescription strategies.
Der poetische Wandel der Hand-Metaphorik bei Rilke – auf dem Weg von der Augensprache zur Herzenssprache*
Authors: Mun-Yeong Ahn
Published: November 2020

Abstract In seinem Roman Aufzeichnungen des Malte Laurids Brigge (1910) sagt Rilke: ,,Verse sind nicht, wie die Leute meinen, Gefühle (die hat man früh genug), – es sind Erfahrungen.“1 Man sollte ,,ein ganzes Leben lang“ warten, um ,,zehn
Zeilen“, ,,die gut sind“, schreiben zu können.2 August Stahl, der die gesamten lyrischen Texte Rilkes chronologisch geordnet und Anmerkungen dazu geschrieben hat, nummerierte diese Texte mit der Zahl 2119.3 In dieser eindrucksvollen Zahl sind dabei nicht enthalten
die Gedichte, die Rilke in Italienisch, Russisch und vor allem in Französisch zu schreiben versuchte, und die Texte, die Rilke aus den italienischen Gedichten von Michel Angelo und den französischen Gedichten von Valery ins Deutsche übertrug. Es wäre wohl müßig
zu fragen, ob Rilke selbst die zehn Zeilen, die nach seinem Maßstab ,,gut“ sein sollen, aus seinem Lebenswerk auswählen könnte.
,,Ich möchte dieses Land begreifen, das funktioniert nur über Menschen“. Das moderne Orientbild im Werk Barbara Frischmuths am Beispiel ihres Romans Vergiss Ägypten (2008)
Authors: Sobh Nivin
Published: November 2020

Abstract Autoren aus verschiedenen Ländern gehören zweifellos zu unterschiedlichen Welten, vertreten unterschiedliche Kulturen. Gleichzeitig gelten sie als Vermittler, die über das Anderssein berichten und die gegenseitige kulturelle Wahrnehmung beleuchten.
Erst dadurch kann die notwendige Klarheit zwischen Orient und Okzident entstehen. Im Kontext dieser angestrebten Klarheit kommt bei Barbara Frischmuth immer wieder dieselbe Frage vor: Wer sind wir? Und wer sind die anderen? Die deutsche Literatur blickt auf eine lange Diskursgeschichte und
Auseinandersetzung mit dem Orient zurück, auf Verstehen und Missverstehen, Hoch- und Geringschätzung, auf Idealisierung und Verzerrung. Bis heute steht der Orient und seine Rezeption im Fokus vieler Wissenschaftsdisziplinen u. a. der Literaturwissenschaft und Orientalistik. Mit Blick
auf Literatur- und Rezeptionsgeschichte erforschen sie, den Orientdiskurs in all seinen verschiedenen Phasen und Spielarten.
Narrationen des Dazwischen. Julya Rabinowichs Jugendroman Dazwischen: Ich als Erzählung der Selbstermächtigung
Authors: Schwaiger Silke
Published: November 2020

Abstract Julya Rabinowichs Jugendroman Dazwischen: Ich (2016)1 steht in einer Reihe mit anderen Büchern, die in den letzten Jahren veröffentlicht wurden und auf Flucht- und Migrationsbewegungen Bezug nehmen. Im Bereich Kinder- und Jugendliteratur finden sich
eine Fülle von unterschiedlichen Publikationen, die auf die aktuelle politische und gesellschaftliche Situation reagieren: Seien es Bilderbücher, Graphic Novels, autobiographische Erzählungen oder, wie Dazwischen: Ich, Adoleszenz- bzw. Jugendromane in Tagebuchform, die
Themen wie Flucht, Migration Heimatverlust, aber auch Ankunft im neuen Land aufgreifen und literarisch-poetisch verarbeiten.2 Für Julya Rabinowich war es, wie sie in Interviews erzählt, eine Herausforderung für Jugendliche zu schreiben und mit ihnen ,,auf Augenhöhe“
zu kommunizieren.3 Das Ergebnis jedoch wurde belohnt: Der Roman erhielt 2017 den Österreichischen Kinderund Jugendbuchpreis, wurde im deutschsprachigen Feuilleton breit rezensiert und von der Kritik positiv aufgenommen.
Clemens Meyer: Die stillen Trabanten. Erzählungen. S. Fischer Verlag 2017. 272 Seiten.
Authors: Bravi Francesca
Published: November 2020

Abstract Bücher, wie Die stillen Trabanten (S. Fischer Verlag, 2017) von Clemens Meyer, zeigen, welche Kraft die Kurzform haben kann, wenn sie gut orchestriert wird. Der Autor bedient sich des Wortschatzes der Musikwelt und beschreibt das Buch als ein ,,Konzeptalbum
von neun Erzählungen und drei Miniaturen, beziehungsweise als eine Miniatur gefolgt von jeweils drei Erzählungen, die aufeinander gestimmt und durchkomponiert sind“ (Interview in der LVZ-Arena der Leipziger Buchmesse am 23. 03. 2017).
Angelika Königseder: Walter de Gruyter. Ein Wissenschaftsverlag im Nationalsozialismus. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2016. 321 S.
Authors: Reinthal Angela
Published: November 2020

Abstract Was für eine Aufgabe: Eine Verlagsgeschichte für die dunkelste Zeit der deutschen Geschichte zu schreiben, angesichts umfangreichem, aber wenig erschlossenem Archivmaterial und auskunftsfreudigen, aber möglicherweise auch befangenen Zeitzeugen! Dieser
Auftrag enthält großes Potential des Scheiterns, aber es kann auch – wie hier – eine aufschlussreiche, spannende und wohl alle offenen Fragen beantwortende Studie entstehen!
Djuren i den rurala livsstilsmigrationen
Authors: Peker Gurbet
Published: November 2020

Animals and Rural Lifestyle Migration

 

Gurbet Peker

 

Keywords: Lifestyle migration, rural idyll, animal husbandry, interspecies relationships

 

This article examines the role of animals and animal husbandry in rural lifestyle migration to the Gotlandic countryside. One area of interest is the significance of animals and animal husbandry as part of migrants’ notions of the rural idyll and the place they seek. The article also describes and analyses animal-related everyday practices and interspecies relationships that are developed between migrants and animals.

 

The empirical material has been collected using ethnographic methods based on observations and qualitative interviews. The researcher also emerged herself in aspects of the rural lifestyle migration being studied. The informants have all left the city of Stockholm in favour of life in the Gotlandic countryside, where they devote themselves to small-scale animal husbandry and keep sheep, horses, chickens and other animals.

 

The theoretical foundation is that humans and other animals are in a state of constant becoming-with and, thus, create each other’s lifeworlds. The focus is on analysing everyday practices and how interspecies relationships shape the migrants and their lifestyles. At the same time, the researcher also looks at the way in which discourses affect the migrants’ rural lifestyle migration, both as cultural preconceptions and everyday practices.

 

The results show that animals and animal husbandry play a central role in the rural idyll and the place that migrants seek. The interspecies relationships are also important for the informants’ socialisation and establishment processes in the Gotlandic countryside. The migrants find their relationships with the animals meaningful and crucial for the established lifestyle. These close everyday relationships lead the informants to renegotiate aspects of their view of animals as well as their view of eating meat. This lifestyle with animals also involves emotional challenges related to slaughter, an aspect of animal husbandry that the migrants find stressful. The interspecies relationships documented in the material are consistently characterised by ambivalence and constant renegotiations. In summary, the article shows that the animals and the animal-related practices are crucial for the lifestyle to which the migrants aspire, the everyday life they establish, as well as for the migration project as a whole.
Odla tillsammans
Authors: Sherfey Paul
Published: November 2020

Grow Together: Save the World While Building a Meaningful ‘Bee-lationship’

Paul Sherfey

 

Keywords: insects; interspecies relationships; human-animal studies; community gardens

Collective gardens – in which individuals work collectively to cultivate and care for a common gardening area – have become a growing phenomenon in recent years. At these sites, the cultivation of community is often as important as the cultivation of organic, local produce. However, observation and digital research carried out in the context of a transnational study of such gardens demonstrates that this community is not limited to human participants, but instead also includes other animal species at these sites. The article investigates the relationships cultivated with one such group – insects. How might we understand the interest shown by gardeners in building hotels and cafés, sowing meadows and arranging festivals for insects? Do participants only see insects for their use-value, or is there something more occurring in the relationship they cultivate, and how it is represented and discussed? Beginning with a discussion of the built environment of the studied collective gardens, the article analyses how certain design choices are specifically oriented towards the use and benefit of insects – especially bees. Progressing from physical space to digital space, the empirical discussion then investigates this interest in bees and their welfare further through several paradigmatic examples. In so doing, discourses communicated in manifestos, social media and news interviews are analysed. This is done in order to explore the worldviews from which individuals and groups understand the importance of bees, as well as the backgrounds that influence their actions and the fantasies for the future that provide a focal point towards which to orient their efforts. Finally, I contrast the discourses about bees with the lack of similar discourse about another group of insects which are readily observable at many sites – wasps. I discuss how differing cultural heritages related to each affect how they are valued and reflect on the possibilities available to us as humans to see ourselves and our future as being dependent on one species, while being comparably indifferent to the presence and important contributions of the other.
När diagnosen blir en identitet
Authors: Yrjölä Linda
Published: November 2020

Recension av Trevor J Blank & Andrea Kitta (red.) 2015. Diagnosing Folklore – Perspectives on Disability, Health and Trauma. Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi.
Cellulose Pulp from Mulberry Branch Bark for the Paper Industry
Authors:   Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry, Babakhanova Kh.A. , Galimova Z.K. , Аbdunazarov M.M. , Ismailov I.I.
Published: November 2020

Uzbekistan is bare of forests and it takes the fifth place in the world in terms of cotton production, and the third place in terms of silk production after China and India. According to the government program the expansion of the land area for mulberry plantations boosts the growth of silk production causing an increase in the total amount of wastes, i.e. branches of mulberry trees industrially useless after the removal of leaves. Their use as a raw material for the cellulose pulp production is relevant, since it is aimed at solving not only the resource, but also the environmental problem. The bark was cut off from the mulberry branches and soaked in water for some time after which its exterior hard layer was scraped off and divided into the rough exterior layer and the softer inner layer. The inner layer was boiled for several hours. The boiled bast, after washing with water, was grinded in a laboratory grinding machine under the following conditions: mass concentration – 1 %, temperature – 22 °С. A given amount of lint cotton cellulose (grinding degree – 45 °SR) was added to the grinded bast. Paper molds with the mass of 80 g/m2 were obtained in laboratory conditions using a sheet-making apparatus. It was found out that the obtained paper that contains cotton cellulose pulp and inner layer of mulberry branch bark has low whiteness which depends on whiteness of the added fibers. It has been established that adding the cellulose pulp of the inner layer of mulberry branch bark at a grinding degree of 30 °SR contributes to the production of strong paper. It is recommended to add up to 30 % of cellulose pulp from the inner layer of mulberry branch bark to paper pulp as further addition adversely affects the paper whiteness.
Response of Annual Ring Width and Latewood Content of Scots Pine to Weather Conditions in Provenance Trials
Authors:   V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Kuzmin S.R. ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: November 2020

Tree-ring width and latewood content were studied to assess the response of wood to growing conditions. Samples were taken from the trees of six Scots pine climatypes with contrast origin, grown in the conditions of provenance trials in southern taiga of Central Siberia (Boguchany forestry) and forest-steppe of Western Siberia (Suzun forestry). A comparative analysis of variance of mean values of the studied features between the climatypes within each test point and between the points is carried out. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the dynamics of the studied traits and as their response to weather conditions over a long period. It was revealed that in the forest-steppe conditions maximal radial increments for all climatypes were observed on average at the age of 9 and in southern taiga at the age of 12–16. Tree-ring width of the climatypes from the south is significantly lower in the foreststeppe conditions than that of of the representatives of northern origin. Climatypes transferred from a warmer climate to southern taiga are characterized by significantly larger values of tree-ring width than in the northernmost of the studied ones. The latewood content decreases in all studied climatypes of pine in southern taiga in comparison with foreststeppe. Significant response of the latewood content of climatypes in forest-steppe is observed not only with average monthly weather conditions of the second part of vegetation period but also with the first. It indicates a higher sensitivity of their wood structure to the complex of climatic and ecological conditions in the provenance trials of forest-steppe compared with southern taiga. The research results show that the Boguchany climatype is genetically stable in terms of the average values of tree-ring width and latewood content in foreststeppe and southern taiga.
Recreational Changes in the Forest Ecosystem Components: Case Study of the Cultural Heritage Site “White Sea Petroglyphs” (Republic of Karelia)
Authors:   Forest Research Institute of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tuyunen A.V. , Timofeeva V.V. , Karpechko A.Yu. , Tkachenko Y.N. , Karpin V.A. , Petrov N.V.
Published: November 2020

Recreation digression of forest ecosystems in the heritage site “White Sea Petroglyphs” was studied for the first time. This site is a compact system of rock outcrops partially cleared of forest vegetation, which bear Neolithic rock carvings (petroglyphs), and are linked together by walking trails. Patterns have been identified in the transformation of soils, plant cover components (tree stand, tree seedlings, understory and living ground cover), as well as fine roots (within 3 mm in diameter) of woody species under the recreation impact. Trampling was found to deform and destroy the top soil horizons, entailing a significant loss of the forest floor thickness and organic matter stores. Overall, the flora of the area is quite well preserved; 95–100 % of which is represented by native species. The living ground cover is noticeably damaged in the most actively used sites (fragments of trails and vista points). They feature a poor species composition, shrinking of the herb-dwarf shrub and moss-lichen cover, and a low percent cover of grassland and ruderal species. Easily accessible and actively visited sites have no or reducing amounts of tree seedlings, the tree stand is damaged and forest regeneration is hampered – the number of viable seedlings is minimal (100 pcs/ha). The mass of roots below 3 mm in diameter in heavily trampled trails showed a reduction of up to 74 %, while the root saturation in less affected trails slightly increased. Recreation transformations of the plant communities have not resulted in a loss of their resilience so far. The recreational digression in the studied sites was classified into stages I–III (weakly disturbed – strongly disturbed). Function zoning of the area should be modified using recreation-tolerant communities more intensively in order to reduce recreation impact. The most damaged areas, which are losing their stability, should be excluded from active use by modification of walking trails and building additional boardwalks.
Coins of the Ottoman Sultans Found in the Territory of the Czech Republic from 1996 to 2018
Authors: Novák Vlastimil
Published: November 2020

Ottoman coins have been registered in the Czech Lands since the beginning of the 18th century and have been systematically documented since the mid-19th century. The latest actualization comes from 1996, but the following massive use of metal detectors showed a serious need for a new summarization. Up until 2018, some 151 hoards/ single finds with the Ottoman coins, forgeries, and jetons have been registered in the territory of the Czech Republic. These coins came to the mentioned territory via the Ottoman European expansion since the 16th century, and their flow reached its peak in the 17th century. The massive appearance of the Ottoman coins in Bohemia, partly in Moravia and Silesia, in the 17th century represents a phenomenon connected with the Thirty Years War. In south and central Moravia, it is explained by the direct military impact of the Ottoman armies. The later import of these coins is associated with the Napoleonic Wars and with the Austro-Hungarian period through its Balkan connection.
History, Structure And Types Of Microprocessors
Authors:   Assistant Department of “Information Technology” Urgench branch of Tashkent University of Information Technologies, Uzbekistan, Abdullayevich Hakimov Zohid
Published: November 2020

This article gives you a brief overview on microprocessor types, performance, and computer hardware. The article also provides basic concepts about Microprocessors. Learn about microprocessor types, Intel, Intel Celeron, VIA, NVIDIA, Elbrus, Philips, Hitachi, Sun, AMD Athlon and more. You will learn about the functional parts of the microprocessor, the block diagram of the microprocessor, the command register of the microprocessor.
Important Terms And Conditions Of Marriage Agreement In Islamic Law
Authors:   International Islamic Academy Of Uzbekistan Dsc, Associate Professor Of The Department Of Social And Humanitarian Sciences, Uzbekistan, Yusupova Nigora
Published: November 2020

Today, a comprehensive study of social aspects, cultural and spiritual, as well as socio-economic, legal, educational and organizational features of family relations is one of the questions of the hour. The relevance of the issue is that, first of all, at the present stage of development of our society, it is socially necessary to conduct a scientific analysis of the Islamic doctrine regarding family relations in the process of increasing the spirituality of the Uzbek people, including religious literacy. Secondly, when analyzing and studying the basic principles of Sharia norms, it is necessary to correctly use this knowledge in the search for solutions to issues, reasons, and the nature of growing family divorces, which is very relevant today. In this regard, this article highlights the essence and characteristics, as well as the socio-economic, spiritual and cultural foundations of the conditions and obstacles to marriage, in Islamic teachings, which were considered in the region as traditions. The article also examines and comparatively analyzes the religious, spiritual, legal, economic and educational factors of the conditions of marriage: free mutual consent to marriage, participation of witnesses in marriage, equality, makhr; circumstances that prevent marriage: a ban on marriage between relatives, issues of marriageable age under Islamic law with the norms of family law.
INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM «SPATIAL APPROACH TO NATURE CONSERVATION ON THE EURASIAN NORTH: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE»
Authors:   INSTITUTE OF NORTH INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY PROBLEMS,   N. A. AVRORIN POLAR-ALPINE BOTANICAL GARDEN-INSTITUTE,   INSTITUTE OF GEOGRAPHY RAS
Published: November 2020

International Symposium «Spatial approach to nature conservation on the Eurasian North: from theory to practice» (Eight International Scientific Conference «Geographic Basis of the Ecological Networks Establishment in Northern Eurasia»). Apatity, Murmansk Province, September, 14–19, 2020: Short papers. Apatity, 2020
A Sustainable Strategy for the Straightforward Preparation of 2H-azirines and Highly Functionalized NH-aziridines from Vinyl Azides Using a Single Solvent Flow-Batch Approach
Authors: Andresini Michael , Degennaro Leonardo , Luisi Renzo
Published: November 2020

The reported flow-batch approach enables the easy preparation of 2H-azirines and their stereoselective transformation into highly functionalized NH-aziridines, starting from vinyl azides and organolithiums. The protocol has been developed using cyclopentylmethylether (CPME) as an environmentally responsible solvent, resulting into a sustainable, safe and potentially automatable method for the synthesis of interesting strained compounds.
KÜLTÜREL DEĞERLERE DUYARLI PEDAGOJİNİN TEMEL EĞİTİME YANSIMALARI
Authors: KARATAŞ Kasım
Published: November 2020

Bu araştırmada temel eğitim paydaşlarından sınıf öğretmen adaylarının kültürel değerlere duyarlı pedagojinin öğretmen ve öğrenciye yansımaları bakımından görüşleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma deseni olarak nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomenolojik desen tercih edilmiştir. Araştırma katılımcıları, Türkiye’nin coğrafi olarak farklı bölgelerinde yer alan 4 farklı üniversitenin sınıf öğretmenliği lisans programında öğrenim gören 4’ü erkek 5’i kadın olmak üzere toplam 9 son sınıf öğrencisidir. Veriler yarı-yaplandırılmış görüşme tekniğiyle toplanmıştır.  Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmış ve veriler iki ayrı tema halinde kategorize edilmiştir.  Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgularda kültürel değerlere duyarlı pedagojinin sınıf öğretmenine yansımaları; kültürel uyumunun hızlı olmasına katkı, okula aidiyetinin gelişmesi, mesleki verimliliğinin artması ve güçlü bir öğretim becerisinin gelişmesi şeklindedir. Öğrenciye yansıması ise öğretim sürecine hızlı uyum, okula aidiyeti güçlendirme ve akademik başarısının artması biçimindedir.  Sonuç olarak genel anlamda, kültürel değerlere duyarlı pedagojinin hem öğrenci hem sınıf öğretmenine birçok açıdan olumlu yansımaları bulunmaktadır.
SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN İLKOKUL 4. SINIF MATEMATİK DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMINA (2018) YÖNELİK GÖRÜŞLERİ: BİR KARMA YÖNTEM ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: TURAN Alperen , TABAK Sanem
Published: November 2020

Eğitimin kalitesini artırmaya yönelik yapılan çalışmaların başarıya ulaşması, programın uygulayıcısı öğretmenlerin değişimi anlamasına, yenilikleri uygulamalarına ve değişimi özümsemelerine bağlıdır. Bu öğretim programlarının sınıf öğretmenleri tarafından ne ölçüde benimsendiği, nasıl algılandığı ve doğru biçimde uygulanıp uygulanmadığına dair yapılan çalışmalar önemli görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu araştırmada, 2018–2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında uygulanan ilkokul 4. sınıf matematik dersi öğretim programının kazanım, içerik, öğrenme-öğretme süreci ve ölçme-değerlendirme boyutlarına yönelik sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Araştırmada karma yöntemlerden açımlayıcı sıralı desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunun çalışma grubunu basit seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 171 ilkokul 4.sınıf öğretmeni; nitel boyutunu ise, ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 13 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde, sınıf öğretmenlerinin ilkokul 4.sınıf matematik dersi öğretim programının kazanım, içerik, öğrenme-öğretme süreci, ölçme ve değerlendirme boyutuna ilişkin görüşlerinin olumlu yönde olduğu görülmektedir. Sınıf öğretmenleriyle yapılan görüşmelerde, öğretmenler öğretim programının ögelerinde teoride herhangi bir sorun olmadığını, fakat uygulamada birçok sorunla karşılaşıldığını belirtmişlerdir.
İLKOKULLARA ÖĞRETMEN YETİŞTİRME (1923-2018)
Authors: BENLİ Faik
Published: November 2020

Cumhuriyetin ilanı ile ilkokul öğretmenlerinin nerede yetiştirileceği meselesi dönemin eğitim yöneticilerinin çözmesi gereken önemli meselelerden biri olarak karşımıza çıkar. Bu kapsamda ilkokul öğretmenleri bir dönem köy öğretmen ve şehir ilk öğretmen okullarında olmak üzere iki farklı eğitim kurumunda yetiştirilmiştir. Ayrıca İlkokul öğretmeni yetiştirmede hem örgün hem de yaygın eğitim kurumlarından faydalanılmıştır. İlk muallim mektepleri, pedagoji kursları, köy muallim mektepleri, köy öğretmen okulları, köy enstitüleri, ilköğretmen okulları, iki yıllık eğitim enstitüleri, eğitim yüksekokulları ve eğitim fakülteleri ilkokullara öğretmen yetiştiren örgün eğitim kurumlarımızdır. Köy eğitmen kursları, A ve B kursları, mektupla öğretim yaygın eğitim yoluyla öğretmen yetiştirmeye örnektir. İlkokul öğretmenlerinin farklı kaynaklardan yetiştirilmesi uygulamasına 1954 yılında son verilerek ilkokul öğretmeni yetiştiren tüm okulları “ilköğretmen okulları” çatısı altında birleştirilmiştir. İlerleyen yıllarda ülkemizde ve dünyada yaşanan gelişmeler, demografik yapımızdaki değişmeler ve sosyal koşullar öğretmen yetiştirmenin yükseköğretim kurumlarında yapılanmasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 1970 yılında ilköğretmen okullarının öğretim süresi yedi yıla çıkarılarak ilkokul öğretmenlerinin yükseköğretim düzeyinde yetiştirilmelerinin önü açılmıştır. 1982 yılında da ilkokul öğretmeni yetiştiren okullar Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu’na devredilmiştir. Nitel bir yöntemle desenlenen bu çalışmada 1923-2018 arası ilkokullara öğretmen yetiştiren kurumlar tanıtılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmada, cumhuriyetin ilanı sonrası ilkokullara öğretmen yetiştirme sistemimizde gerek kurum sayısı gerek teşkilatlanması açısından orijinal örneklere, zengin bir geleneğe sahip olduğumuz ve bu zenginliğin de öğretmen yetiştirme sistemine katkı sağlayacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.
An comparative analysis of airborne and terrestrial fungi in show caves Novoafonskaya (Caucasus) and Ali-Sadr (Iran)
Authors: Popkova Anna , Kozlova Ekaterina , Khazaei Samaneh , Kochetkov Sergei , Fedorov Anton , Benitsiafantoka Elide Ulrich , Soanjara Rodlish Beandrona , Mazina Svetlana
Published: November 2020

Caves are considered as ecosystems isolated from the surface in varying degrees. Hypogean habitats are mostly A study of cultivated species of microfungi in two show caves Novoafonskaya (Caucasus) and Ali-Sadr (Iran) was carried out. The species composition of fungi has been analyzed in the air and cave sediments along the excursion route. Species identification was performed using standard approaches and cultivation methods. Jaccard index was applied to estimate similarity of communities of different biotopes. The species diversity of microfungi was higher in the Novoafonskaya cave where 50 species of microfungi were identified. Only 38 species were isolated from the Ali-Sadr cave. Representatives of Ascomycota predominated in fungal communities. The greatest species diversity was noted in the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Trichoderma. Species Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cladosporium herbarum, Pseudogymnoascus pannorum, Oidiodendron tenuissimum and Penicillium chrysogenum were identified in all biotopes of both caves. Comparison of two biotopes of the caves using the Jaccard index revealed a high similarity in the species composition in the soil and air of the Novoafonskaya cave (KJ = 0.64). On the contrary, the species composition of fungi was different in Ali-Sadr cave (KJ = 0.22), which may be explained by intensive propagules input from the surface due to the cave morphology features and the arrangement of excursion route.
Distance learning of physical and sports education in the days of the Corona Virus
Authors: Koutaya Ayoub
Published: November 2020

Distance training or distance learning has experienced a boom in recent years in several regions of the world. It follows from this interest that the emergence of distance learning has been remarkably advocated by higher education institutions and less and less at the secondary and college levels where face-to-face training is becoming essential. However, during the period of health crisis due to Covid-19, distance education had established itself as a new alternative mode for face-to-face education for all levels of education, and for all subjects combined. Physical and sports education (PSE) is no exception to this change. In this context, the discipline EPS has sparked a debate on the modalities of engagement of teachers of EPS to participate in distance education given the almost practical nature of the subject. Faced with this problem, EPS teachers (high school and college) found themselves forced to formalize educational content and transmit it on various media. This study contributes to the identification of the degree of commitment of PE teachers to ensure the sustainability of learning and to determine the obstacles encountered in this operation qualified as urgent. This study saw the participation of 166 teachers in two levels of secondary and college education through three regional academies in Morocco. The results showed both the lack of communication between the inspectors of the EPS and the teachers of the subject, and the coordination between the teachers within the teaching units.
Rethinking Quality and Relevance of University Education in Kenya
Authors: Kirui Joseph K. , Sang Hellen C.
Published: November 2020

Many stakeholders have expressed concern about the many graduates from Kenyan universities who after qualifying, not only fail to get jobs but also fail to venture into alternative forms of engagement to earn their livelihood, a scenario that raises question as to the quality and relevance of University education they got. The concerns being raised calls for rethinking of the quality and relevance of university education in Kenya. This study, therefore, sought to investigate the propensity of university education in Kenya to inculcate entrepreneurial culture in graduates. The theory of planned behaviour formed the theoretical foundation of the study. The study adopted a triangular design approach where views relating to entrepreneurial culture were sought from final year students from one public and one private university. The study targeted 3146 final year students drawn from University of Kabianga, (2272) and Kabarak University (874). From this, a sample of 614 students proportionately distributed among the two universities was drawn. Entrepreneurial environment was found to be more or less the same in both private and public universities recording moderate score. However, public university scored slightly higher. In conclusion, there is no significant difference in the levels of preference for entrepreneurship when comparison is made between public and private universities in Kenya. Arising from the current finding, the study recommends provision of better entrepreneurial support system.
The Theories of learning and methods of teaching foreign languages
Literature review
Authors: Nifaoui Asma
Published: November 2020

The objective of this article is to provide a historical overview of the learning trends that have marked several fields over the past two centuries, and from which the methods of teaching foreign languages ​​have been largely inspired. Teaching and learning a foreign language has always been a major concern of officials working in the education sector. Finding a unique method, perfect and suitable for all learners was the center of interest of most researchers of all backgrounds, linguists, educators or trainers. Three major theories of learning have really changed the field of education and specifically the field of foreign language acquisition. These three currents are respectively behaviorism, cognitivism and constructivism. Each current had its supporters and detractors depending on the progress made at the end of their research. The methods that emerged from these three learning theories also had their ups and downs depending on the degree to which the desired objectives were achieved. In the course of this study, we plan to bypass, in chronological order, the different methods and approaches, coming from the three streams, and practiced in the teaching of foreign languages. Our attention will be focused on the study of the audio-oral method, the audio-visual method, the communicative approach and the skills-based approach. We also offer, in this article, a discussion whose interest is to elucidate the circumstances which led to the success or failure of a particular method. We will also focus on the successes and limitations of each of these methods. The conclusion will be the subject of a reflection on all the points covered in the article while offering an opening on other solutions that can improve the teaching / learning of foreign languages.
Study and modeling of the innovation process of project-based learning activities in the training of engineers
Authors: Zergout Imane , Bakkali Soumia , Ajana Souad
Published: November 2020

Innovation is one of the driving forces of countries' economic and technological progress today. This key skill is at the heart of the engineer's profession and has been developed since initial training. Innovation must be fostered in engineering training establishments, through tools and methods that make it possible to organize and develop it.

This work is part of improving innovation in engineering education. We have followed and studied the progress of projects carried out as part of the course "ISO14001 Environmental Management System", by engineering students in the third year of mechanical engineering at the National School of Electricity and Mechanics. In these activities, we have tried to highlight the different aspects of innovation in training. We used educational innovation tools when supervising students, and we integrated the notion of "Smart city" into the themes of the projects. This study made it possible to determine the main stages of the realization of an innovative project carried out by the students, as well as the elements framing these stages. Our goal is to achieve a systemic modeling of the innovation process in the training of engineers.
Ecoteología para la práctica pedagógica: una estrategia para retornar al origen del ser
Authors: Maldonado-Cisterna Sylvia , Serrano Aldana Luis Enrique
Published: November 2020

En la encíclica Laudato si’, el Papa Francisco denunció la “cultura del descarte”, movida por el individualismo y el consumismo de los tiempos actuales. Este artículo es el resultado del proyecto de intervención realizado en el marco del Diplomado en Ecoteología para la Práctica Pedagógica. Se pretende hacer una reflexión sobre el desarrollo de la transposición didáctica de las ideas de esa encíclica en las clases de religión, como una instancia para que los estudiantes reconozcan la importancia del cuidado de la creación dentro del plan de Dios. Se utilizó la estrategia metodológica de investigación yacción participativa, lo cual facilitó la participación de la comunidad, a fin de dar respuesta al problema ecológico en la escuela y reconocer la importancia del cuidado de la naturaleza para el futuro humano, como una estrategia pedagógica orientada a regresar al origen del ser humano y reflexionar sobre la necesidad de fortalecer el vínculo con Dios en cuanto creador.
Determinação de material particulado em indústria siderúrgica: estudo de caso
Authors: Bitencourt Emanoelen Bitencourt e , Farias Evandro Wernner Campelo , Dias Thaís Binow , Oliveira Vanessa Silva , Ferreira Eduarda Costa , Loureiro Glauber Epifânio
Published: November 2020

Apesar da indústria de ferro-gusa ser de grande importância para o crescimento econômico e geração de emprego, é um agravante no que tange a qualidade do ar, visto que está relacionada ao lançamento de poluentes que afetam a salubridade da população, como os particulados. Estes fatos justificam a pesquisa, a qual teve o propósito de avaliar a quantidade de Partículas Totais em Suspensão (PTS) presente no ar atmosférico ao entorno de um parque siderúrgico no Sudeste do Pará, comparar com os valores da resolução CONAMA n° 3 de 1990, e relacionar estes com o índice pluviométrico e a produção no alto-forno e na aciaria da indústria siderúrgica. Assim, foi utilizado Amostrador de Grande Volume (AGV) para a quantificação do material particulado, e os procedimentos seguiram a orientação da NBR 9547 (ABNT) e do manual da Energética. Os dados obtidos indicaram que a indústria controlou na maioria do período analisado o material emanado, entretanto, não esteve de acordo com a norma, pois ultrapassou a quantidade permitida do limite estabelecido. Além disso, o índice pluviométrico, a produção na aciaria e no alto-forno exerceram influência na concentração de PTS.
Simulação da produção utilizando técnica de dinâmica de sistemas em uma indústria de vidro: estudo de caso em uma processadora de vidro
Authors: Gallegos Raphael Augusto
Published: November 2020

As empresas cada vez mais buscam por melhorias em seus processos produtivos. A identificação de gargalos ou perdas em processos produtivos é muitas vezes complexo para ser identificado ou solucionado sem ajuda de softwares de simulação. Os processos muitas vezes não são lineares, o que dificulta o gestor a trabalhar com formas convencionais de Estudos de Tempo, Balanceamento de Linha, Balanceamento de Fluxo ou Carga, ou qualquer outra técnica que ele não possa utilizar softwares para simulação. A simulação é um processo de criar e experimentar um sistema por meio de modelos matemáticos. O sistema é composto por entradas (imputs) e saídas (outputs) e as mesmas oferecem um resultado para alguma finalidade.  O presente artigo apresenta um estudo de caso para uma indústria do ramo vidreiro, utilizando técnicas de simulação por meio da Dinâmica de Sistemas. Foram simulados 07 cenários que contemplam o aumento gradual na produtividade de cada setor. Dentre todos os cenários analisados o que apresentou melhor resultado para produção no setor do Forno, foi o último cenário. Esse aumento foi de 9,22% com utilização da mesma mão de obra e dentro do horário de trabalho da organização que é de oito horas diárias.
Aplicação do método DMAIC com uma abordagem sustentável com ênfase na redução de resíduo industrial: um estudo de caso no processo de desenvolvimento de uma empresa calçadista
Authors: Vargas Thiarles Silva de , Oberherr Glaucia
Published: November 2020

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa quantitativa cuja finalidade foi a redução do volume gerado de resíduos industriais do processo de desenvolvimento de uma empresa calçadista localizada na região metropolitana do Rio Grande do Sul. Para a elaboração da pesquisa, foi empregada a metodologia DMAIC, composto pelas ferramentas da qualidade para tomada de ações sustentáveis com base em conceitos como redução, reutilização e reciclagem (3Rs), tendo como foco a atuação nas causas raízes dos problemas responsáveis pela geração dos resíduos industriais. Dentre as ações da pesquisa para eliminar as causas, pode-se citar a incorporação de novas tecnologias de máquinas e softwares no processo de fabricação de amostras de calçados e a criação de padrões de trabalhos que favoreceram a melhor utilização dos recursos. Como resultado, obteve-se a redução 30,45% do volume médio por par de resíduos sólidos industriais (kg/par), redução de 86,61% do volume médio por par de efluente líquido industrial (l/par), redução de 81,10% no custo operacional de tratamento e destinação de resíduos industriais, e um retorno financeiro estimado em 12 meses de R$ 138.264,20.
Avaliação do consumo de energia elétrica e desgaste de ferramenta durante o processo de fresamento sobre diferentes trajetórias
Authors: Moura Cassiano Rodrigues , Carlini Giovani Conrado , Silva Cristiano Da
Published: November 2020

O contexto internacional, no âmbito da eficiência energética, tem se preocupado fortemente com a demanda futura de energia da sociedade brasileira e mundial. Diante disso esta pesquisa busca realizar uma avaliação do consumo de energia elétrica e do desgaste da ferramenta durante o processo de fresamento, que se trata de um dos processos de fabricação mais utilizados ultimamente, este busca dar forma as peças e se utiliza de energia elétrica como fonte principal de trabalho. Foram realizados estudos do processo produtivo baseados na variação da trajetória de usinagem sobre o desgaste de flanco (VBmax) e consumo energético no processo de fresamento do aço AISI P20. Utilizou-se como ferramenta de corte uma fresa de topo inteiriça em metal duro com revestimento de AlCrN, com quatro arestas de corte, possuindo diâmetro de corte de 10mm e comprimento útil de corte de 22 mm. Os ensaios de fresamento foram realizados com parâmetros  fixos  de  velocidade  de  avanço  (Vf)  de  2000  mm/min,  profundidade  de  corte  axial  (ap)  de  3 mm, profundidade de corte radial (ae) de 2 mm e velocidade de corte (vc) de 200 m/min com movimento de corte concordante e lubrificação por solução miscível em água. As usinagens foram realizadas utilizando três tipos de trajetórias diferentes fornecidas pelo software EdgeCAM: Spiral, Waveform e Laceform. Para a coleta de consumo de energia elétrica utilizou-se um analisador de qualidade de energia, onde foram coletados dados de potência a cada 200 ms durante as usinagens. Os resultados mostraram que houve diferenças significativas nos tempos de usinagem total, o desgaste de flanco se diferenciou de forma moderada e linear entre as réplicas, contudo, a trajetória com melhor comportamento médio no desgaste foi a Waveform.
Proposta de um modelo de gestão de estoques: um estudo de caso em uma empresa de pequeno porte do ramo alimentício na cidade de Marabá-PA
Authors: Dias Quezia Dilma Carneiro de Oliveira , Santos Vanessa Mirelly Da Silva , Monteiro Nathália Jucá , Fernandes Reimison Moreira
Published: November 2020

Frente a um mercado altamente competitivo, as empresas buscam um posicionamento que possibilite atender seus clientes com qualidade, ao mesmo tempo em que possam reduzir os custos envolvidos em seus processos. Para alcançar esse equilíbrio, é fundamental a utilização de uma gestão de estoques bem estruturada. Neste contexto, este trabalho apresenta propostas de adequações ao modelo de gestão de estoques utilizado pelo setor de administração de matérias-primas de uma fábrica do ramo alimentício situada em Marabá-PA, baseadas nos indicadores de desempenho: Acurácia de Estoque, Giro de Estoque e Cobertura de Estoque e nas ferramentas de Planejamento e Controle da Produção (PCP): Estoque de Segurança E Ponto do Pedido. A análise do processo consistiu no mapeamento do atual modelo de gestão de estoques da empresa, que possibilitou a identificação de falhas e a proposição de melhorias para redução das falhas no processo. Como resultado do trabalho, foram elaboradas propostas de adequações, ao modelo de gestão de estoques da empresa, construindo-se um novo mapa de processo com as adequações propostas, para que às necessidades da organização sejam melhor atendidas; por meio da ferramenta 5W1H foi possível desenvolver um plano de ação, a fim de possibilitar à futura aplicação das melhorias, para que haja redução nos custos decorrentes de perdas e atrasos, contribuindo para a melhora na competitividade da empresa.