bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Observation of Mealtime Behavior in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder of Different Severity
Authors: D Darshan , C Bilvashree , P Harshavardhan
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Autistic children often search for predictability while eating. Yet, mealtimes are often a challenging task for parents. The mealtime behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorders make parents or caregivers burdensome as eating is vital and every parent expects their child to have nutritious and healthy growth. As a consequence, this altered mealtime may risk the social skills and well-being of the child and their family’s stability.
Need for the study: There are very few studies available that talk about feeding problems in children with autism spectrum disorders and the association between the severity of autistic symptoms and feeding issues was not targeted. Thus, to examine the feeding abilities of autism spectrum disorders children across severity the present study was carried out.
Method: A total of 45 children with autism spectrum disorder between the age range of 4 to 7 years participated in the study. All the children attending the therapy for more than 6 months in an institutional setup. Participants of the study were divided into three groups based on their severity. All the parents were given the Brief Autism Mealtime Behaviour Inventory questionnaire and informed to complete the questionnaire by considering the child’s behaviour from the last 6 months.
Results & discussion: The findings of the present study suggest that children with severe autism showed higher mealtime disruptive behaviors in comparison to milder severity. Thus, the present study also suggests that there is an association between severity and feeding behaviour that autistic child exhibits in their daily life and severe autism children show higher issues compare to milder severity.
Conclusion: The association between severity and mealtime behaviors can help parents and caregivers to reduce their burden during mealtime if identified and counseled earlier with professional support.

Key words: autism, autism spectrum disorders, mealtime behavior, children.
Comparative Study of Effect of Segmental Breathing Exercise and Deep Breathing Exercise in CABG Patients
Authors: Joshi Naina , Singh Amandeep
Published: July 2023

The study was experimental which was comparative in nature. The current study aims to evaluate the comparison of effect of segmental breathing exercise and deep breathing exercise in CABG patients.
On the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 subjects were taken. Before initiating the study a consent was taken from the patient which include the aim and objectives of the study. Subjects were divided into 2 groups. Each group contain 15 subjects. Subjects were divided randomly into each group. Pre-operative segmental breathing exercise were taught by therapist to group A along with conventional exercises and deep breathing exercise were taught by therapist to group B along with conventional exercises and then pre operative readings were taken. Conventional exercises include upper limb range of motion exercises, lower limb range of motion exercises and ambulation if necessary. Post operatively patients were asked to perform the exercises under observation by the therapist. Now, post operative readings for both the groups were taken 30 days of time period.
Data was meaningfully assorted through calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation. Thereafter Unpaired ‘t’ test was applied for comparison of results of Incentive Spirometer and PEFR performed on group A and group B. The level of significance (P value) for Incentive Spirometer is 0.5434 and 0.6436. The level of significance (P value) for PEFR is 0.7187 and 0.7356. There was no significant difference in comparison of effect of segmental breathing exercise and deep breathing exercise in CABG patients.
The study concludes that there is no significant difference in Comparison of Effect of Segmental Breathing Exercise and Deep Breathing Exercise in CABG Patients.

Key words: Segmental Breathing Exercise; Deep Breathing Exercise; Incentive Spirometer; PEFR; CABG.
A Study to Determine the Effect of 12 Weeks Sports Specific Training Program on Physical and Physiological Variables in Amateur Basketball Players - A Randomized Controlled Trail
Authors: Borkar Pradeep , Badwe A N
Published: July 2023

AIM: A Study to determine the effect of 12 weeks sports specific training program on physical and Physiological variables in amateur basketball players- A Randomized Controlled Trial
Objectives: To evaluate effectiveness of basketball-specific training program on selective physical, physiological variables in amateur basketball players.
Methods: Randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation, blinding of the accessor, and intention to treat analysis. Participants: 56 amateur basketball players participated regularly in basketball practice. Intervention: The experimental group undertook sports specific training program with a session of 60 min thrice a week for 12 weeks. The control group performed the usual conditioning program Outcome measures: Agility, Speed, and flexibility, vertical Jump, Anaerobic Power, Fatigue Index, VO2 max, were assessed at week 0 and week 12.
Results: Randomization allocated 29 participants in each group. Three participants from the experimental group and two from the control group did not complete the study. After 12 weeks the mean between-group difference in speed was -1.51 Sec in favor of the experimental group was a very precise estimate (95% CI -1.80 to -1.21), for Agility was (4.47 to 6.02 sec), for flexibility was (-13 to 10.3 cm), for Vo2 max it was (6.48 to 11.22). The anaerobic power was (-163.16 to 32.48) and the fatigue index was between 2.56 to 3.
Conclusion: Basketball sports-specific training program that incorporates basketball-specific exercises have shown improvement in the level of physical, physiological related variables in amateur basketball players. The effect appears to be more significant when the program is implemented for 12 weeks.
Trial registration Number: CTRI/2020/02/023553.

Key words: Strength Training, Team Sports, Aerobic fitness, Amateur Basketball players.
A Predictive Model to Quantify Joint Torques and Support Reaction Forces When Using a Smartphone While Sitting with and Without Support: Toward a Risk Scale Proposition to Prevent Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Julien JACQUIER-BRET , Philipp GORCE , Johan MERBAH
Published: July 2023

New portable technologies such as smartphones are developing in a very important way and their use rate is increasing every year. Faced with this growth, it is relevant to consider the risks of developing musculoskeletal disorders related to their increasing utilization. The objective of this study was twofold: 1) to propose a predictive model of the upper body joint angles, torques and reaction forces during smartphone interaction in seated position based on subject’s anthropometric data, environmental conditions and interaction strategies in the sagittal plane; 2) to propose risk scales for joint torques provided by the model and which could be integrated with information on posture as part of the musculoskeletal disorders prevention. One of the original aspects of the predictive model was to consider postural strategies between the trunk and the neck during smartphone interaction. The validation was carried out by comparing experimental data collected from 12 subjects who had to perform texting and web browsing task while sitting on a chair with or without support and the data simulated by the model under the same conditions. The results showed a satisfactory ability of the model to reproduce the subjects' posture. However, more marked differences were observed for reaction forces and for shoulder and elbow flexion when trunk flexion was significant. A validity domain for each parameter was computed for different seat and support heights according to the subjects' body mass index. From these data, joint torques risk scales have been constructed, to characterize the risks incurred by the users.

Key words: Predictive Model, Musculoskeletal disorders, Risk scale, Sitting, Posture, Torque/Force.
Inter-Rater Reliability of Pain Provocation Tests for Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction with Low Back Ache in Indian Population
Authors: Nagasumanth G. , Saharan Ajeet Kumar , Rashmi Balal Murali
Published: July 2023

Background: Low back torment (LBP) is normal outer muscle objections in the present social orders. The commonness of low back torment is 70-80% in the western populace. The pervasiveness shows 15-30 % of people with low back pain having inclusion of sacroiliac joint as the origin. Past examinations on the dependability of agony incitement tests have shown uncertain and showing unfortunate unwavering quality when performed with mix of movement palpation tests. The aim of the study is to find the inter - rater reliability of pain incitement tests in low back pain patients to survey sacroiliac joint dysfunctions Indian populace.
Materials & Methods: Inter-rater reliability of sacroiliac joint pain provocation tests. Total 30 patients with low back pain were included in the study based on the pain evaluation and inclusion criteria, and patients were assessed by using pain provocation tests.
Results & Analysis: The kappa value ranged 0.58-0.60 (p = <0.05) and 0.65- 0.66 (p=0.05), 95% CI – 0.60 – 0.78, when compared to the ICC classification of kappa values.
Conclusion: The results are showing modest to strong reliability in this study. These tests are reliable and may be used to detect a SIJ source of low back pain.

Key words: Sacroiliac joint, Low back pain, pain provocation tests, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, Sacroiliac joint pain, lumbar fusion, reliability, inter rater reliability.
Análise do processo de licitação no município de Amparo - PB.
Authors:   , Erisson Leonardo de Sousa José
Published: July 2023

O Portal de Transparência Pública é um importante instrumento de divulgação de informações como o dinheiro publico é utilizado pela administração pública. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho de pesquisa buscou responder a seguinte problemática: Como se deu a divulgação e transparência pública da gestão nos sites da prefeitura municipal de Caraúbas, na Paraíba, em 2021? Teve-se como objetivo geral: Analisar os níveis e mecanismos de divulgação e transparência da gestão nos sites da prefeitura de Caraúbas-PB em 2021. Conseguinte, apresentou-se como objetivos específicos: Verificar as páginas do facebook e Instagram e avaliar a frequência, teor, transparência das publicações públicas da prefeitura do estudo; Comparar o site oficial da prefeitura e as mídias digitais, para medir se as obras e a prestação de contas, estão sendo acessíveis à população; Identificar possíveis erros de comunicação e ausências na divulgação dos fatores chave para a gestão; e sugestões de aperfeiçoamento da transparência da gestão municipal de Caraúbas – PB. No que se refere a metodologia, o presente artigo se trata de um estudo de caso, de caráter descritivo, através de um estudo exploratório e de natureza qualitativa, buscando pontuar os elementos negativos e positivos desse setor da administração pública. Conclui-se, então, a partir dos resultados coletados e analisados como o governo municipal executa as atividades administrativas através do uso da internet para alimentação do site de Transparência Pública e demais mecanismos digitais, buscando melhorias na administração pública municipal. Concluiu-se que, muito embora, a prefeitura municipal de Caraúbas – PB, busque estar em consonância com todas as normativas que norteiam a publicação dos bens públicos, temos como resultados principais a constatação de que é necessária uma atualização em seus sites de buscas.
Temas políticos e cinema: um guia pedagógico para docentes de Sociologia do Ensino Médio, a partir de curta-metragens nordestinos.
Authors:   , Diones Nunes dos Santos José
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho analisou quatro livros de Sociologia adotados no Cariri paraibano nos últimos dez anos. Este recorte temporal devese ao fato de ser exatamente o período de inserção da sociologia como componente curricular do Ensino Médio. Buscouse, com isto, analisar as temáticas de Sociologia e Ciência Política relacionadas às produções cinematográficas presentes nos manuais didáticos adotados. A metodologia adotada foi a análise da lista de sugestões fílmicas em cada livro, durante a pesquisa bibliográfica. Verificouse que nos livros adotados, em sua maioria, as sugestões fílmicas contêm longasmetragens, e, em raras exceções, curtasmetragens estrangeiros e nacionais. Verificouse, também, que o cinema e o livro didático são usados como produtos resultantes da indústria cultural. A nossa proposta, a partir da análise realizada, voltouse para a construção de um Material Didático: Guia Pedagógico “Temas Políticos e Cinema para a 3ª série do Ensino Médio”, focando em temáticas da política que possam ser trabalhados com o uso de curtametragem, além de uma plataforma digital “Política e Cinema”, contendo os filmes e seus respetivos planos de aula. O referencial teórico traz autores como: Coelho (1993); Adorno e Horkheimer (1986); Benjamin (2019); Duarte (2019); Kuriyama, Lima e Patriarca (2014); Marx (2013); Ikeda (2014); Napolitano (2019); Migliorin e Pipano (2019); Fabris (2008); Bernardet (2004); Carrière (1995); Moraes (2012); Yashinishi (2000); Gomes (2013); Silva (2007); Almeida (2004); Dias (2000); Maksenas (1995); Furtado e Gagno (2009); Bodart e Lopes (2017); Batista (2014); OCNEM’S (2006); Costa (2005); Tomazy (2010); Codato (2010); Magalhães (2012); Bomeny, FreireMedeiros, Emerique e O’Donnel (2013); Araújo, Bridi e Motin (2016); PCN’S (2000), Durão e Loureiro (2003); Sarandy (2001); A Lei 13.006/14 (2005); PCN+ (2002). O cinema, nessa proposta, é pensado como instrumento capaz de construir processos de mediação, principalmente, para aqueles que têm sido historicamente desprovidos do acesso à cultura legítima e, o livro, pedagogicamente, para auxiliar professores e estudantes em sala de aula, tendo em vista que diante dos limites impostos pelo currículo no tempo hora/aula, os filmes de curta duração são fundamentais sem que, necessariamente, precise cortar as cenas princípios para se adequar ao horário da aula semanal.
O racismo na escola: o papel social da educação no enfrentamento do racismo multidimensional.
Authors:   , Jeová Medeiros Sousa Emanuel
Published: July 2023

Nosso intuito com esta dissertação é discutir os efeitos do racismo na educação brasileira, tendo como recorte analítico as cidades de Afogados da Ingazeira – PE e Tabira – PE que fazem parte do Sertão do Pajeú. A ótica deste trabalho científico tem como base o debate sobre os desdobramentos do racismo enquanto um problema social nacional na região do sertão pernambucano, focando especificamente no modo como a escola se comporta perante as discussões dessa temática, abordando a forma como os alunos/as e professores/as observam o racismo e sua presença na sociedade. A questão que orientou nosso processo de pesquisa foi: Quais as concepções dos estudantes e professores do ensino médio das cidades de Afogados da Ingazeira – PE e Tabira – PE acerca do racismo no Brasil? Dentro desse espectro buscamos analisar o fator do discurso racista no contexto social, por isso nosso principal objetivo se fixou em: Identificar a compreensão de professores e estudantes do ensino médio sobre a questão do racismo brasileiro, problematizando os elementos presentes no discurso racista e analisando sua construção histórico-social. O espaço escolar enquanto meio de socialização e local de aprendizado foi extensamente discutido, observando o papel da escola no combate ao racismo e as brechas existentes no sistema educacional que proporcionam a sua disseminação, investigando o modo como esse problema se estabelece e afeta a vida dos estudantes no cotidiano escolar, analisando principalmente o impacto psicológico desses efeitos na formação identitária, cultural e cidadã dos/as estudantes negros. Em conclusão constatamos diversos problemas do sistema educacional que contribuem para a propagação do racismo, esse balanço não se propôs a estabelecer a escola como o “problema” ou a “solução” para o fim do racismo, apenas reafirmamos a necessidade da consolidação de um ensino antirracista norteado por uma proposta inclusiva que remodele esse cenário de violência.
DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING THE QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM ON A LINEAR ACCELERATOR
Authors: Antropova T. , Datbayev K. , Ishkinin E. , Latypova B. , Seitov O. , Khudaibergenov Zh.
Published: July 2023

Relevance: The article deals with modern problems in the field of ensuring the quality of services provided on linear accelerators from the point of view of the regulatory framework, as well as from the point of view of the frequency of control procedures. The scientific novelty lies in elaborating a linear accelerator quality control program with detailed procedure descriptions and testing frequency recommendations.
The study aimed to – develop and test a set of simple methods for controlling the linear accelerator’s mechanical and dosimetric parameters, which would meet the minimum requirements for high-tech radiation therapy following IAEA and AAPM international recommendations.
Methods: In developing the quality control program for the TrueBeamSTx linear accelerator (Varian, USA) installed at the Almaty Oncological Center (AOC, Kazakhstan), we relied on the recommendations of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), taking into account that intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT, VMAT), stereotactic radiosurgery and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRS, SRT), using image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) will be performed on the accelerator, which imposes more stringent requirements for control of both mechanical and dosimetry characteristics
Results: Over three years of operation, the TrueBeamSTx accelerator shows good stability of mechanical and dosimetric characteristics, verified using systematic tests according to the quality control program developed by the authors of this article. The IAEA/WHO mail dose monitoring program using radiophotoluminescent detectors, implemented in 2019-2022, showed high dosimetric measurements and calculations accuracy of 0.1-1.7%, at a tolerance of 5%.
Conclusion: A quality control program for a high-energy linear accelerator has been developed; the results obtained for all characteristics correspond to the permissible values. The effective and safe use of radiotherapy requires the development of a quality control program for all radiotherapy equipment specifically for each institution and independent verification of the implementation of this program.
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN APPLYING THE SYSTEM OF PEDIATRIC EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF CRITICAL CONDITIONS IN ONCOLOGICAL CHILDREN: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kurakbayev Ye. , Turdaliyeva B. , Manzhuova L. , Omarova K. , Abdilova G. , Kusainov A. , Saparbayev S. , Schukin V.
Published: July 2023

Relevance: Oncological diseases remain the main cause of death in children, increasing the need for intensive care. Hospitalized children suffering from oncological diseases are at high risk for sudden deterioration of their condition, both for the underlying disease and due to infectious complications and the toxic effects of medications. This review highlights information on the Pediatric Early Warning Signs (PEWS) system in oncological patients to detect clinical deterioration promptly.
The study aimed to analyze international literature on the use of pediatric early warning signs (PEWS) for clinical deterioration in pediatric oncology.
Methods: Current literature on using the PEWS of clinical deterioration in pediatric oncology was studied.
Results: The published data show the important role of using the PEWS system in cancer patients for early detection of deterioration of the condition with subsequent provision of emergency medical care.
Conclusion: The analysis of international experience has shown that using the PEWS system in children with oncological diseases is an effective method of early recognition of signs of clinical deterioration, which, in turn, allows the timely initiation of complex intensive therapy.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF LIQUID BIOPSY IN CRC: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Nasrytdinov T.
Published: July 2023

Relevance: Liquid biopsy is a modern, quite appropriate, and promising method for diagnosing malignant neoplasms for oncology. The method allows us to determine the level of freely circulating tumor cells – micrometastases, tumor DNA, microRNA, and exosomes in blood plasma- and detect various genetic changes. A literature review of current scientific publications on liquid biopsy techniques, indexed in Medline, PubMed, and Medscape, was carried out as part of the work.
The study aimed to review is to assess the prognostic significance of liquid biopsy, to determine the place of the method in current recommendations, and its expediency from the point of view of the practice.
Methods: The information search was conducted in the Medline, PubMed, and Medscape databases, with a search depth of 8 years. Data from randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were analyzed. The review includes both full-fledged articles in the public domain and abstracts to obtain complete information on the problem.
Results: Liquid biopsy surpasses tissue biopsy in simplicity and speed of research, easy repeatability, and minimal invasiveness, as well as the possibility of dynamic monitoring of progression – the overall clonal transformation of the tumor and the emergence of resistance to treatment.
The disadvantages of this method are low sensitivity, difficulty in correctly interpreting biomarkers and determining their specificity, and high risk of false positive and false negative results due to dormant tumor cells.
Conclusion: At present, the Liquid biopsy method is relevant and in demand, but it needs to be tested on a validated sample of the main population, and in order to achieve effective clinical use, important work needs to be done to standardize both preanalytical and analytical procedures and generalize them for all components of liquid biopsy.
Effect of Malting and Popping on the Quality Parameters of Popcorn
Authors: E.F. Iwayemi , H.A. Adewolu , A.V. Ikujenlola
Published: July 2023

This study was aimed at investigating the effects of germination (malting) and popping on the quality parameters of popcorn with a view to improving the quality parameters of popcorn. Four different samples of malted popped corn flour (MPM), malted popcorn flour (MME), popped corn flour (PME), and raw popcorn maise flour (OME) were produced using different processing procedures. The material (Popcorn seed) was obtained from the local market in Ile-Ife. The popcorn seeds were sorted and soaked in water for 6 hours. The grains were spread on trays lined with cloth and kept wet by frequent water spraying every morning and evening for 2 days. The germinated popcorn kernel was washed and sun-dried. Part of the dried popcorn was milled, some were popped and milled, and part of the germinated corn was popped using the popping machine. The samples were analysed using standard methods for their physical, functional, Pasting Properties, proximate minerals, total dietary fibre, and sensory evaluation. The analysis showed that samples' bulk density reduced during popping; malted popped maise flour exhibited the highest values for WAC, OAC and for all the pasting parameters. The malting process increased the mineral content in the popped corn grains. All the samples were acceptable to the panellists. The study concluded that malting influenced the quality parameters of the samples, and the study established the fact that malted grain could be popped.
Generalized Estimating Equations in Longitudinal Studies: A Non-Parametric Alternative for Two-Way Repeated Measures Mixed ANOVA
Authors: M Karun Kalesh , M S Deepthy
Published: July 2023

Two group pre-post designs are very commonly used in medical research to study the effect of interventions on numerical outcome variables. Sometimes these measurements don’t follow the fundamental statistical assumption of normality and two-way repeated measures mixed ANOVA cannot be used. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) with Gamma log link function is a non-parametric analogue that can be used when data is skewed. When compared to other methods GEE has fewer assumptions and provides precise estimates.In the present study, the application of GEE is demonstrated using a simulated data. Different steps involved in the GEE analysis using SPSS software were also provided as an easy guide to researchers. This study could serve medical researchers understand, perform and interpret GEE in a better way.
Selection of an active association of Probiotic bacteria and the Optimal composition of the Nutrient medium for Cultivation to increase the Therapeutic and Prophylactic effectiveness of a Medicinal probiotic preparation against Intestinal infections
Authors: Nikolaevna Gavrilova Nina , Alexandrovna Ratnikova Irina , Kurbanovich Sadanov Amankeldi , Emilievna Orasymbet Saltanat , Zharylkasynovich Shorabaev Yerik , Zhumabekovna Kaptagai Raushan
Published: July 2023

The study aimed to create associations of probiotic bacteria with a wide range of biological activity, resistance to antibiotics, and selection of the nutrient medium composition to increase the effectiveness of probiotics against intestinal infections in humans. The authors found that the tested associations of probiotic bacteria exhibited sufficient antagonistic activity to all test cultures taken in the experiment. Associations No. 2 on media 1 and 4, No. 5 on media 1 and 8, and association No. 9 on media 1 and 8 showed the greatest activity for most test cultures. These associations have a bacterial titer of nx1010colony-forming units/ml, contain proteolytic, amylolytic, and pectolytic enzymes, as well as B vitamins, such as B3, B5, B6, B8, and B12. The authors studied the resistance of selected associations of lactic acid and propionic acid bacteria to the antibiotics used, which allows these associations to be used in complex therapy if necessary. Selected nutrient media and active associations of probiotic bacteria with a wide range of biological activity and antibiotic resistance can be used to create effective targeted medicinal probiotic agents.
BAY 11-7085 attenuates alcohol dependence induced spontaneous withdrawal syndrome in mice
Authors: Pal Singh Ajeet , Kumar Sharma Ashish , Singh Thakur Gurjeet
Published: July 2023

Upregulation of nuclear factor kappa B plays a prominent role in drug addiction. The current study explored the neuroprotective effect of BAY 11-7085, a selective nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor, on the spontaneous alcohol withdrawal syndrome in mouse model of alcohol addiction. Administration of Alcohol (2g/kg, 10%, v/v, oral), once daily for 7 days. Assessment of behavioral parameters and exploratory parameters was done on 7 day after 8 hr. of the last ethanol administration for a period of 120 minutes. Various behavioural parameters were conducted like wall climbing test, composite withdrawal severity score, anxiety like behaviour assessed in open field and elevated plus test. Treatment with BAY 11-7085 markedly and dose dependently (p<0.05) attenuated spontaneous alcohol withdrawal syndrome in mice measured in terms of withdrawal severity score, wall climbing, locomotor sensitization by open field test and anxiety. Thus, it is suggested that activation of nuclear factor kappa B pathway is involved in the development of alcohol dependence induced withdrawal syndrome. Modulation of NFK-β may be used as therapeutic agent to overcome the problems related with alcohol dependence.
The Significance and Implications of Nanotechnology in COVID-19
Authors: Rahman Mst. Mahfuza , Md. Kouser , Kumar Roy Uthpall , Mohammad Shohan Shahriar , Tasnim Jarin , Islam Md. Jahirul , Shila Mst. Shagorika , Chakraborty Sangita , Ibne Wahed Mir Imam
Published: July 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a worldwide health hazard that has been classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The task of developing efficient prevention and treatment measures for this pandemic is unparalleled. Due to nano-material's unique physicochemical features and controlled nano-bio interactions, nanotechnology has demonstrated significant potential in its capacity to combat a number of healthcare conditions. The application of nanotechnology for COVID-19 has been discussed in depth in this systematic review, which is divided into three sections: prevention, diagnostics, and treatment. To begin, we focused on nanotechnology-based protective equipment and disinfectants that can give much-needed protection against SARS-CoV-2. Again, nanoparticles can be used as an antigen carrier or adjuvant, paving the path for the development of a number of vaccines with preventive benefits. The capacity of nano-materials to magnify signal is then highlighted, which has been employed in the development of nano-biosensors and nano-imaging techniques that can be used for early-stage detection in conjunction with other diagnostic instruments. Finally, we discuss COVID-19 therapeutic approaches based on nano-materials. Nano-metals and their oxides affect cellular processes by interfering with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which then give antiviral action. Various nano-products (polyethylenimine, squalene) can significantly lower the synthesis of inflammatory modulators (Cytokine storm), hence preventing Covid-19 infection. The review's limitations and nanoparticle's future directions for COVID-19 have been described briefly. This review is quite comprehensive and useful in terms of providing suggestions for developing nanomaterial-based devices to combat against COVID-19.
Bilayer Tablets: A Promising Novel Drug Delivery System
Authors: Mourya Hemant , Chauhan Rajendra , Joshi Ramakant , Akram Wasim , Garud Navneet
Published: July 2023

The bilayer tablet heralds a new chapter in the development of controlled-release formulations with a wide range of properties that result in an effective drug delivery technique. Controlled release dosage forms have been commonly used to increase the treatment of a variety of important drugs. Uses of bilayer tablets for anti-inflammatory and analgesic purposes are a unique feature. Bilayer tablets are useful for releasing two medications in sequence, separating two incompatible chemicals, and creating a sustained-release tablet with the first layer of immediate-release as the initial dose and the second layer as the maintenance dose. The bilayer tablet is a more modern technology that corrects the flaws of single-layer tablets. The objective of this paper is to highlight the obstacles that arise during the preparation of bilayer tablets, as well as to suggest solutions to these issues. To better comprehend bilayer tablets, kinds such as single side press, double side press, and bilayer tablet displacement press are discussed, as well as uses, pros, and disadvantages. Its drug companies have become more interested in mixing two or more APIs (active pharmaceutical ingredients) in a single dosage form to improve patient convenience and compliance throughout the last decade. Many pharmaceutical industries are now working on bi-layer tablets for a variety of purposes, including patent extension, therapeutics, and advertising. This article provides an introduction of bilayer tablet technology, highlighting the key benefits of this type of oral dosage form while also describing current issues and developments in production techniques and the quality of products. The current report covers a variety of elements of bilayer tablets.
Herbal, Safe and effective Mosquito repellents: Recent Development and Opportunity
Authors: Sharma Mukesh , Ajazuddin Ajazuddin , Nagori Kushagra , Jain Vishal , Sajju Balan Neema
Published: July 2023

Most of today's rapidly spreading infectious diseases are arthropod-borne, and vaccinations are powerless to prevent them. Because insect repellents are effective topical barriers to the spread of arthropod-borne infectious illnesses. Plant-based (natural) and chemical-based products are both used (synthetic) as a mosquito repellents, which come in a variety of forms such as mosquito repeller coils, mosquito repeller oil, and so on, are becoming more popular around the world as vector-borne viral diseases such as Dengue, Chikungunya, and Malaria become more prevalent. The best alternative to the optimal formulation is determined by a number of elements, including the type of repellent (natural or synthetic), medicinal forms (spray, lotion, cream, gel), duration of action (short or long), exposure environment, and user (adult, pregnant women, children, newborn). DEET, IPicaridin, and essential oils are the most commonly utilised repellents, each with its own set of benefits and drawbacks. DEET is not suggested for children under the age of six months or pregnant women because of its toxicity. The current tendency is to employ pant-based repellent active compounds like essential oils, which have minimal toxicity, are environmentally friendly, but have a shorter repellent action period due to quick evaporation after skin contact. Repellents could be a visible option for people to reduce the risk of interaction with rare mosquito-borne diseases for mosquito borne diseases. The review highlights a summary of mosquito repellents, its novel discoveries, and areaof technicalstudies such as the novel and unique repellent formulations and their potentialfuture.
Thực trạng quản lý hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức cho học sinh trung học cơ sở ở huyện Lộc Ninh, tỉnh Bình Phước
Authors: Hoàng Thị Mỹ Nhung
Published: July 2023

Quản lý hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức có vai trò vô cùng quan trọng đối với học sinh khi còn ngồi trên ghế nhà trường. Vì đây là lứa tuổi thích tìm tòi, học hỏi, bắt chước; nếu các em nhận thức không đúng đắn sẽ dễ dàng dẫn đến các hành vi lệch chuẩn không phù hợp với các giá trị đạo đức, thuần phong mỹ tục của dân tộc. Do đó, giáo dục đạo đức cho học sinh phổ thông giúp hình thành, phát triển phẩm chất của các em là cần thiết trong giai đoạn hiện nay. Trong bài viết, chúng tôi trình bày thực trạng quản lý hoạt động giáo dục đạo đức cho học sinh tại các trường trung học cơ sở huyện Lộc Ninh, tỉnh Bình Phước, làm cơ sở để cơ quan quản lý có những định hướng hoạt động nhằm nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục đạo đức cho học sinh các trường trung học cơ sở ở huyện Lộc Ninh, tỉnh Bình Phước trong thời gian tới.
Los tiempos de siembra y los tratamientos de semillas influyen en la productividad del maní en un sistema de secano
Authors: Sousa Rodrigo Alves , Gonzales Raphael Augusto Novais , Viana Jonathan dos Santos , Franco Guilherme Nascimento , Guerreiro Julia Ramos , Palaretti Luiz Fabiano
Published: July 2023

El cultivo de maní en un sistema de secano es una práctica común en muchas regiones agrícolas del mundo. Para optimizar la productividad de este cultivo, es fundamental comprender cómo los tiempos de siembra y los tratamientos de semillas pueden afectar su rendimiento. En este contexto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el comportamiento morfológico y productivo del maní bajo la influencia de los tiempos de siembra y los tratamientos de semillas. El experimento se llevó a cabo en condiciones de campo en la Granja de Enseñanza, Investigación y Extensión de la Universidad Estadual Paulista - Campus Jaboticabal. Se estudiaron dos factores, los tiempos de siembra y los tratamientos de semillas. Los resultados mostraron que los tiempos de siembra tuvieron un impacto significativo en la cantidad de vainas por planta. La siembra realizada en la temporada de lluvias resultó en mayor ganancia en masa fresca aérea, peso de 100 granos y eficiencia en el uso del agua. Además, la siembra realizada el 25/10/2021 y los tratamientos de semillas con fungicidas y bioestimulantes jugaron un papel importante en la productividad del maní. Por ello, se recomienda realizar la siembra al inicio de la temporada de lluvias, concretamente el 25/10/2021, junto con la aplicación de tratamientos de semillas para optimizar el rendimiento de este cultivo. Estas prácticas pueden contribuir a aumentar la productividad del maní en un sistema de secano y, en consecuencia, mejorar la sostenibilidad y rentabilidad de la agricultura.
Rooted Hypersequent Calculus for Modal Logic S5
Authors: Mohammadi Hamzeh
Published: July 2023

We present a rooted hypersequent calculus for modal propositional logic S5. We show that all rules of this calculus are invertible and that the rules of weakening, contraction, and cut are admissible. Soundness and completeness are established as well.
Physicochemical and biochemical actions in natural systems for refractory pollutants removal and safe water reuse
Authors: Wang Xiaochang
Published: July 2023

Safety control of effluent quality from a wastewater treatment plant is the long-last topic for the selection of treatment processes and/or designing a comprehensive system to achieve the goal of ecological and human health risk reduction, especially when the treated water is to be reused for various purposes. In order to understand what kind of functions natural systems may perform, studies were conducted targeting trace pollutants removal through a mimic natural water cycle where the secondary effluent is the sole source for water landscaping and multifunctional reuse. Attentions were paid to four categories of trace organics and their associated biotoxicities. The study results revealed that physicochemical actions, such as adsorption by soil particles and sunlight induced photolysis, performed the most important role. Aquatic life, including plants and animals, effectively enhanced the reduction of certain antibiotics, while many organics refractory to biodegradation became biodegradable during longer hydraulic retention. Hybridization of engineered and natural/ecological processes can thus be a direction of system optimization to secure safe water reuse under lower treatment costs.
Excision of trochanteric bursa during total hip replacement: Does it reduce the incidence of post-operative trochanteric bursitis?
Authors: Teng Wai-Huang , Ditta Adeel , Webber Jane , Pearce Oliver
Published: July 2023

Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint, and rotator cuff (RC) pathologies are one of the main causes. The RC undergoes various tendinopathic and avascular changes during the aging process. Other degenerative changes affecting its healing potential make it an appealing target for biological agents. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has demonstrated the potential to deliver a high concentration of several growth factors and anti-inflammatory mediators, and its clinical use is mainly supported by experiments that demonstrated its positive effect on muscle, ligaments, and tendinous cells. This review aimed to specify the role of PRP and its future applications in RC tendinopathies based on the current clinical evidence. Due to the different characteristics and conflicting outcomes, clinicians should use PRP with moderate expectations until more consistent evidence is available. However, it is reasonable to consider PRP in patients with contraindications to corticosteroid injections or those with risk factors for inadequate healing. Its autologous origin makes it a safe treatment, and its characteristics make it a promising option for treating RC tendinopathy, but the efficacy has yet to be established.
Physiologic postoperative presepsin kinetics following primary cementless total hip arthroplasty: A prospective observational study
Authors: Bizzoca Davide , Piazzolla Andrea , Moretti Lorenzo , Vicenti Giovanni , Moretti Biagio , Solarino Giuseppe
Published: July 2023

Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint, and rotator cuff (RC) pathologies are one of the main causes. The RC undergoes various tendinopathic and avascular changes during the aging process. Other degenerative changes affecting its healing potential make it an appealing target for biological agents. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has demonstrated the potential to deliver a high concentration of several growth factors and anti-inflammatory mediators, and its clinical use is mainly supported by experiments that demonstrated its positive effect on muscle, ligaments, and tendinous cells. This review aimed to specify the role of PRP and its future applications in RC tendinopathies based on the current clinical evidence. Due to the different characteristics and conflicting outcomes, clinicians should use PRP with moderate expectations until more consistent evidence is available. However, it is reasonable to consider PRP in patients with contraindications to corticosteroid injections or those with risk factors for inadequate healing. Its autologous origin makes it a safe treatment, and its characteristics make it a promising option for treating RC tendinopathy, but the efficacy has yet to be established.
Isolated lateral leg compartment syndrome: A case report
Authors: Alrayes Majd M , Alqudah Mohammad , Bani Hamad Walaa , Sukeik Mohamed
Published: July 2023

Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint, and rotator cuff (RC) pathologies are one of the main causes. The RC undergoes various tendinopathic and avascular changes during the aging process. Other degenerative changes affecting its healing potential make it an appealing target for biological agents. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has demonstrated the potential to deliver a high concentration of several growth factors and anti-inflammatory mediators, and its clinical use is mainly supported by experiments that demonstrated its positive effect on muscle, ligaments, and tendinous cells. This review aimed to specify the role of PRP and its future applications in RC tendinopathies based on the current clinical evidence. Due to the different characteristics and conflicting outcomes, clinicians should use PRP with moderate expectations until more consistent evidence is available. However, it is reasonable to consider PRP in patients with contraindications to corticosteroid injections or those with risk factors for inadequate healing. Its autologous origin makes it a safe treatment, and its characteristics make it a promising option for treating RC tendinopathy, but the efficacy has yet to be established.
АНАЛИЗ ТОЧНОСТИ СИСТЕМ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ МНОГОРОТОРНЫМИ БЕСПИЛОТНЫМИ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНЫМИ АППАРАТАМИ ПРИ СТАЦИОНАРНЫХ СЛУЧАЙНЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯХ
Authors: ГАСПАРЯН О.Н. , ОГАНЯН О.Г. , КАРАПЕТЯН А.К. , СИМОНЯН Т.А.
Published: July 2023

На основе метода характеристических передаточных функций рассматривается инженерная методика анализа точности взаимосвязанных систем управления беспи¬ло¬тн¬¬ыми летательными аппаратами (БПЛА) при стационарных случайных во¬з¬дей¬ств¬и¬ях с гауссовским распределением вероятностей. При этом учитывается возможная част¬и¬ч¬ная потеря эффективности моторов, которая приводит к тому, что отдельные каналы системы управления БПЛА оказываются взаимосвязанными, и система должна ра¬с¬см¬а¬триваться как многомерная система автоматического управления с четырьмя вхо¬да¬ми и четырьмя выходами.
В качестве обобщенной меры точности системы управления БПЛА при случа¬й¬ных воздействиях выбрана дисперсия модуля вектора ошибки системы. Получены простые выражения для оценки сверху указанной дисперсии. Показано, что при вы¬бо¬ре идентичных ПИД-регуляторов в отдельных каналах и некоррелированных сл¬уча¬й¬ных помехах с одинаковой спектральной плотностью оценку сверху дисперсии мо¬ду¬л¬¬я вектора ошибки системы можно выразить через дисперсии на выходах одномерных характеристических систем. Приведен числовой пример анализа статистической точ¬нос¬ти системы управление квадрокоптером.
BUILT-IN SELF-TEST AND SELF-CORRECTION METHOD FOR MIXED-SIGNAL INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
Authors: MKHITARYAN A.Kh. , HOVHANNISYAN V.D. , HAKOBYAN L.D. , GEVORGYAN A.Kh. , PETROSYAN A.O.
Published: July 2023

In modern integrated circuits the number of devices have strongly increased. As a result, identifying the issues which have an impact on their performance stands out as a very complicated and challenging problem. In digital integrated circuits there are methods which are known, as well as some others which are in the active development stages targeted to enable the built-in self-tests, identify, and report those issues. At that, for mixed signal circuits, where the calculations or functions are performed based on the voltage levels, it is much complicated to develop self-testing mechanisms. A novel method of identifying the lack of clock signal and its duty cycle variation is proposed in this paper. The developed architectures and solutions are capable of detecting the lack of the clock signals, as well as informing the digital parts of the systems about the requirement for the coarse or fine tunings of the clock generation systems outside their autocalibration and loops.
IBIS MODEL OUTPUT IMPEDANCE CORRECTION APPROACH USING CCCS
Authors: VARDANYAN H.V.
Published: July 2023

With the CMOS technology size scaling aggressively and the transmitter (TX) outp¬u¬t resistance becoming smaller and smaller, it becomes necessary to have a good impedance correlation between TX and receiver (RX). The mismatch between the impedances can cause a noise and a response which will dramatically decrease the efficiency of the circuit. Nowadays, those mismatches are being tested using IBIS (Input/output Buffer Information Specification) models owing to low cost and testing speed.
A method is proposed to use a current-controlled current source (CCCS) which will decrease the mismatch and make it less than 1%. The proposed method can be implemented for all types of TX drivers and IBIS models.
REDUCING THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE WIRE INTERCONNECTIONS IN INTEGRATED CIRCUITS BY OPTIMIZING THE CLOCK TREE
Authors: ABGARYAN G.A. , GALSTYAN A.A. , HARUTYUNYAN G.A.
Published: July 2023

With the development of integrated circuits in recent years, the role of interconnec¬t¬i¬o¬ns between wires in them cannot be ignored, because it leads to functional errors of the circuit. A method has been developed that allows to take into account the effects of interconnections during the clock tree synthesis. The interconnection phenomena in memory testing systems are examined and reduced by enhancing the testing system's clock tree.
Rezension von: Berger, Heinz; Kirschbaum, Werner (Hrsg.), Laiz
Authors: Loges Georg , Berger Heinz , Kirschbaum Werner
Published: July 2023

Heinz Berger/Werner Kirschbaum (Hg.). Redaktion: Armin Heim. Laiz: Heimatbuch Laiz 1231-2010: von Laizen bis Laiz. Steuerungsgruppe Ortschronik 2010; 444 S., über 300 Abbildungen und Karten, 28,00 EUR
Rezension von: Fast, Kirsten; Halbekann, Joachim J. (Hrsg.), Zwischen Himmel und Erde
Authors: Kleiber Christoph , Fast Kirsten , Halbekann Joachim J.
Published: July 2023

Kirsten Fast/Joachim J. Halbekann (Hg.) unter Mitarbeit von Iris Holzwart-Schäfer/Martin Knauer: Zwischen Himmel und Erde – Klöster und Pfleghöfe in Esslingen. Begleitpublikation zur gleichnamigen Ausstellung vom 26. September 2009 bis 31. Januar 2010. Petersberg: Michael Imhof Verlag 2009. 376 S., geb., zahlr. Abb., 20,00 EUR
Rezension von: Riepl-Schmidt, Mascha, Mathilde Planck
Authors: Raberg Frank , Riepl-Schmidt Mascha
Published: July 2023

Mascha Riepl-Schmidt: Mathilde Planck. Für Frieden und Frauenrechte (Prägende Köpfe aus dem Südwesten 4). Leinfelden-Echterdingen: DRW-Verlag 2009; 123 S., 14 Abb., broschiert, 12,90 EUR
Rezension von: Schroth, Tilmann, Die Bursa von Ennabeuren
Authors: Erdt Ursula , Schroth Tilmann
Published: July 2023

Tilmann Schroth: Die Bursa von Ennabeuren. Studien zur Geschichte und Ikonologie (Blaubeurer Geographische Hefte 39). Nürtingen: denkhaus Verlag 2011; 56 S., geb., 14 Abb., 11,50 EUR