bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical waste: the dark side of healthcare
Authors: Borowy Iris
Published: September 2020

Abstract Hospitals and other health facilities generate an ever-increasing amount of waste, approximately 15% of which may be infectious, toxic, or radioactive. The World Health Organization has been addressing the issue since the 1980s. After initially focusing on high-income countries, it then focused on low-income countries, with unsafe disposal methods in landfills and inadequate incinerators as major concerns. Gradually, the understanding of the issue has undergone several shifts, including from a focus on the component of medical waste considered “hazardous” to all forms of waste, and from accepting medical waste as a necessary downside of high-quality healthcare to seeing the avoidance of healthcare waste as a component of high quality healthcare.
A multi-physics modelling based on coupled diffusion equations to simulate the carbonation process
Authors: Oliveira Mateus , Azenha Miguel , Lourenço Paulo
Published: September 2020

abstract: Carbonation is widely recognized as a cause of significant pathologies in reinforced concrete structures and different modelling strategies are presented in literature the simulate the phenomenon evolution. In opposition to the deleterious effect in reinforced concrete, for historical mortar made with aerial lime, the carbonation is essential for the hardening process. For both materials, carbonation process presents similarities. This work presents the background/implementation of an algorithm for a multi-physics simulation of the main fields associated with the carbonation process. This modelling was previously validated in literature. A 1D algorithm is implemented, using the Finite Difference Method. Its feasibility is demonstrated through the simulation of results presented in the literature. A parametric study is also shown considering the main parameters involved, important observation regarding the influence of the parameters on the carbonation depth are detailed.
Automated Assignment of Helpdesk Email Tickets: An Artificial Intelligence Life‐Cycle Case Study
Authors: Agarwal Shivali , Bandlamudi Jayachandu , Mandal Atri , Ray Anupama , Sridhara Giriprasad
Published: September 2020

In this article, we present an end‐to‐end automated helpdesk email ticket assignment system driven by high accuracy, coverage, business continuity, scalability, and optimal usage of computational resources. The primary objective of the system is to determine the problem mentioned in an incoming email ticket and then automatically dispatch it to an appropriate resolver group with high accuracy. While meeting this objective, it should also meet the objective of being able to operate at desired accuracy levels in the face of changing business needs by automatically adapting to the changes. The proposed system uses a system of classifiers with separate strategies for handling frequent and sparse resolver groups augmented with a semiautomatic rule engine and retraining strategies to ensure that it is accurate, robust, and adaptive to changing business needs. Our system has been deployed in the production of six major service providers in diverse service domains and currently assigns 100,000 emails per month, on an average, with an accuracy close to ninety percent and covering at least ninety percent of email tickets. This translates to achieving human‐level accuracy and results in a net savings of more than 50,000 man‐hours of effort per annum. To date, our deployed system has already served more than two million tickets in production.
Kidney Single-Cell Atlas Reveals Myeloid Heterogeneity in Progression and Regression of Kidney Disease
Authors: Conway Bryan R. , O’Sullivan Eoin D. , Cairns Carolynn , O’Sullivan James , Simpson Daniel J. , Salzano Angela , Connor Katie , Ding Peng , Humphries Duncan , Stewart Kevin , Teenan Oliver , Pius Riinu , Henderson Neil C. , Bénézech Cécile , Ramachandran Prakash , Ferenbach David , Hughes Jeremy , Chandra Tamir , Denby Laura
Published: September 2020

Significance Statement

The innate immune system is central to injury and repair in the kidney, but the heterogeneity of myeloid cell subsets behind these processes is unknown. Complementary technologies—including bulk tissue transcriptomics, integrated droplet– and plate-based single-cell RNA sequencing, and paired blood exchange—resolved myeloid cell heterogeneity in a murine model of reversible unilateral ureteric obstruction, creating a single-cell atlas. The identified novel myeloid subsets could be targeted to ameliorate injury or enhance repair, including an Arg1+
monocyte subset present during injury and Mmp12+
macrophages present during repair. Standard flow cytometry to detect cell surface markers would have missed these subsets. Complementary techniques capture the complexity and dynamics of monocyte, dendritic cell, and macrophage phenotypes in the injured and repairing kidney.

Background

Little is known about the roles of myeloid cell subsets in kidney injury and in the limited ability of the organ to repair itself. Characterizing these cells based only on surface markers using flow cytometry might not provide a full phenotypic picture. Defining these cells at the single-cell, transcriptomic level could reveal myeloid heterogeneity in the progression and regression of kidney disease.

Methods

Integrated droplet– and plate-based single-cell RNA sequencing were used in the murine, reversible, unilateral ureteric obstruction model to dissect the transcriptomic landscape at the single-cell level during renal injury and the resolution of fibrosis. Paired blood exchange tracked the fate of monocytes recruited to the injured kidney.

Results

A single-cell atlas of the kidney generated using transcriptomics revealed marked changes in the proportion and gene expression of renal cell types during injury and repair. Conventional flow cytometry markers would not have identified the 12 myeloid cell subsets. Monocytes recruited to the kidney early after injury rapidly adopt a proinflammatory, profibrotic phenotype that expresses Arg1, before transitioning to become Ccr2

+
macrophages that accumulate in late injury. Conversely, a novel Mmp12

+
macrophage subset acts during repair.

Conclusions

Complementary technologies identified novel myeloid subtypes, based on transcriptomics in single cells, that represent therapeutic targets to inhibit progression or promote regression of kidney disease.
The Empty Centre: The Hollowmen and Representations of Techno-Political Elites in Australian Public Life
Authors: Weinert Kim D. , Tranter Kieran
Published: September 2020

This article argues that 2008–2009 Australian Broadcasting Corporation comedy The Hollowmen reveals an ‘empty centre’ within Australian public life; a vortex formed from a circling of techno-political elites within the centre of government. The show’s humour comes from the juxtaposition of the established forms and aesthetics associated with Westminster-style responsible government and the discourses of spin and image management of the party apparatchiks. There is a lack of substance in The Hollowmen. Power is conservative, reacting rather than instigating change, a circling game for techno-political elites. In laughing at this, The Hollowmen seems to have pre-empted some of the Trump-era malaise of public institutions in Global North nations.
Práticas em saúde no trabalho: relato de estágio com a equipe de enfermagem de um hospital de Santa Catarina
Authors: Kohler Taise Fernanda , Giraldi Bruna Maiara , Rampazzo Rosana Marques da Silva
Published: September 2020

No contexto hospitalar, a equipe de enfermagem está entre os profissionais mais vulneráveis aos problemas relacionados à saúde mental, uma vez que interagem com pessoas que necessitam de práticas de cuidado e assistência. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de estágio de psicologia em atividades de promoção à saúde da equipe de enfermagem, em um hospital de Santa Catarina, entre os meses de março e junho de 2018. Procedimentos: Realizaram-se entrevistas com 91 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem, visando caracterizar o perfil desses profissionais e levantar demandas para as atividades do estágio. Foram realizadas rodas de conversa, técnicas de relaxamento, atividades de autoconhecimento e aconselhamento psicológico para a equipe de enfermagem. Resultados: Quanto ao levantamento de necessidades, constataram-se dificuldades relacionadas ao trabalho em equipe e interesse em discutir temas como ansiedade, estresse e depressão. Aconteceram seis rodas de conversa, quinzenais, em que os profissionais abordaram questões sobre relações de poder e comunicação. Com a pouca adesão nas rodas de conversa, devido à falta de disponibilidade de tempo dos técnicos de enfermagem, foram aplicadas técnicas de relaxamento e atividades de autoconhecimento, auxiliando ao enfrentamento do estresse e para a ampliação de conhecimentos acerca do papel do psicólogo na organização. Considerações finais: A atuação do psicólogo na saúde do trabalhador é um desafio, posto que exige aplicar conhecimentos obtidos na graduação e adaptá-los a uma realidade única. Realizar uma avaliação acerca das intervenções é um ponto norteador para repensar em práticas de saúde no contexto do trabalho.
O ensino como pesquisa e o desenvolvimento da autorregulação na educação superior: um estudo na graduação de Serviço Social
Authors: Bissoto Maria Luisa , Vicente Maria Isabel
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do estudo é avaliar se o alinhamento entre ensino e pesquisa, como didaticamente proposto no âmbito de um curso de graduação em Serviço Social, vem trazendo contribuições para dois componentes fundamentais a aprendizagens acadêmicas e profissionais bem sucedidas: a autorregulação e a motivação. Metodologicamente, busca-se estabelecer comparações entra as características dessa proposição didática e um modelo cíclico de autorregulação da aprendizagem, empregando-se como instrumento de coleta de dados um questionário semiestruturado, aplicado aos alunos do referido curso. Como resultados, consideramos que é possível afirmar que o desenvolvimento de metodologias didático-pedagógicas fundadas na associação ensino e pesquisa mostrou-se relevante para que os alunos elaborassem estratégias cognitivas para gerir, interpretar e organizar a informação, colaborou para uma melhor administração do tempo dispendido para as atividades acadêmicas, mobilizou a consciência quanto à construção da identidade profissional, influenciando na determinação em concluir os estudos e a na motivação para ser bem sucedido. Destacamos a importância que o grupo exerce sobre o desenvolvimento da autorregulação e da motivação, aspectos que podem ser mais aprofundados nas discussões sobre novas metodologias para a Educação Superior.
The Assessment of Physical Fitness and Morphofunctional State of Female First-Year Students in Non-Linguistic Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Solohubova Svitlana , Lakhno Olena , Shyyan Volodymyr , Shyyan Olga
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this research paper is to study physical fitness and functional state of female first-year students in Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture.

Materials and methods. The study involved 100 female first-year students of general group aged 17-18, all after medical examination and obtaining doctor’s approval: the age group was 18 years old (n = 100). To meet the goals set, the following research methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of data in specialized scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, anthropometric research methods, functional methods of cardiorespiratory system investigation and methods of mathematical statistics for processing the results of the research.

Results. the conducted study proved the hypothesis on the necessity to improve the system of physical education in technical higher educational institutions, which is connected with the low level of physical fitness among students.

Conclusions. The study revealed the low level of physical fitness among the investigated students in terms of speed and strength endurance indicators (with 83%), explosive physical force of the lower limbs (with 82%) and strength endurance of the upper limbs (with 68%), as well as reduced functional characteristics: resistance to hypoxia (according to the results of the Shtange test with 46% and the Gench test with 49%), workability (with 71%) and efficiency of cardiovascular system (with 55%). Low physical fitness levels among the tested girls necessitate the additional introduction of more intensive training. The high variability of the physical fitness indicators among the students requires personalization of the training process, as well as the obligatory use of express testing methods for the physical state of each student during a workout.
Preparedness Dynamics of Pupils of Lyceum with Enhanced Military and Physical Training Under the Influence of the Wrestling Means Use
Authors: Balushka Lyudmyla , Khimenes Khrystyna , Okopnyy Andriy , Pityn Maryan , Sogor Oleh , Tkach Yulia
Published: September 2020

Modern physical education in secondary schools is undergoing reform. It is increasingly suggested to introduce the means of different sports to optimize physical education in the educational process. In particular, it is advisable today to include combative sports to the programs of physical culture of military-physical institutions.

The purpose of the study: to substantiate the use of wrestling means in the physical education process of students of the Lyceum with enhanced military and physical training.

Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of studying the functional and physical fitness indicators of 10th grade pupils of the Lyceum with enhanced military and physical training during the pedagogical experiment. It consisted in studying the impact of multidirectional wrestling means on the level of these sides of student preparedness during the year.

Results. In pupils who during the year performed the loads according to the experimental physical culture program during the first semester, the total average increase relative to baseline was 10.7%. In addition, during the second – 5.7%. While members of a group that worked according to a traditional physical culture program in the first semester increased the results of the tests by 6.1% and by 2.0% during the second semester. In the physical fitness of EG students, the total increase of indicators for the first semester was 31.6% and 24.5%  – during the second. In contrast, the changes in the studied CG were relatively less pronounced: 24.7% – for the first and 8.9% – for the second semester. 

Conclusions. The effectiveness of the use of wrestling means in the physical education of pupils of the Lyceum with enhanced military and physical training is substantiated, which contributes to a significantly more pronounced increase in functional and physical fitness indicators of pupils compared to the traditional program of physical culture.
Protein expression in Bacillus subtilis v1
Authors: Bach Falkenberg Kristoffer , Hernandez Rollan Cristina , Rennig Maja , Birk Bertelsen Andreas , Norholm Morten
Published: September 2020

B. subtilis is a gram-positive bacteria used by both academia and industry as a protein production workhorse. This is due to its' their excellent fermentation properties, high production titers, and capacity to secrete proteins into the extracellular medium. This protocol describes how to express proteins in B. subtilis. The protocol is developed using KO7-S, although it might also work for other strains as well. The method is adapted from Rasmussen, M. D.; Bjoernvad, M. E.; Diers, I. Pectate Lyase Fusion for Expression and Secretion of Polypeptides. WO 00/75344, 2000 and Jensen, K.; Østergaard, P. R.; Wilting, R.; Lassen, S. F. Identification and Characterization of a Bacterial Glutamic Peptidase. BMC Biochem.2010, 11 (1), 47. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2091-11-47.
Ultrasensitive hybridization capture of short tuberculosis cell-free DNA from urine v1
Authors: Oreskovic Amy , Lutz Barry
Published: September 2020

Overview: This protocol describes a method for highly sensitive sequence-specific purification of short tuberculosis (TB) urine cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from large-volume (10 mL) urine samples. Biotinylated oligonucleotide capture probes complementary to the target of interest are immobilized on streptavidin-coated magnetic beads and used to capture, concentrate, and purify target DNA via hybridization. This protocol improves upon the analytical performance of both existing silica-based extraction methods for urine cfDNA and previous hybridization capture protocols, and meets several previously unmet design criteria for urine cfDNA: (1) high recovery of short fragments, (2) large sample input volume, and (3) <1 copy/mL sensitivity. There are two key innovations that contribute to the robustness and unprecedented sensitivity of this method: dual biotinylated capture probes, which increase recovery compared to single biotinylated probes by moderating probe density on the bead surface (a key variable affecting efficiency of surface-based hybridization), improving thermostability of the bead-probe linkage, and eliminating interference by endogenous biotin in urine, and a two-probe system for each target region, which enables recovery of both strands of double-stranded DNA. We designed this hybridization method for capture of short, dilute TB cfDNA fragments from urine, but anticipate that it will be versatile and may be useful for other applications and sample types requiring sensitive and efficient purification of DNA from large sample volumes. Design of primer and probe sequences for new targets is straightforward (see "Materials" tab). Expected performance: Near 100% recovery (95% CI: 82.6 - 117.6%) of synthetic ssDNA or dsDNA spiked into 10 mL urine samples, verified across concentrations of at least 1 – 10,000 copies/mL and fragment lengths of at least 25 – 150 bp Limit of detection of ≤5 copies of dsDNA in 10 mL urine (0.5 copies/mL) Enables amplification of DNA from 10 mL urine in a single PCR well (500X concentration factor) Tolerant to variations in sample composition, including pH (5 – 8), salt (0 – 500 mM), and non-target DNA (0 – 10 µg) Graphic abstract: (A) Schematic of capture probe design. (B) Overview of workflow.
Denaturing PAGE for resolving RNA v1
Authors: R Ganguly Diep , Behle Anna
Published: September 2020

Protocol denaturing PAGE separation and identification of total RNA extracts using Urea-PAGE with the BioRad Mini-PROTEAN II / Tetra Cell electrophoresis system. Modified from dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.gszbwf6.
Duality theory under model uncertainty for non-concave utility functions
Authors: Kharytonova O. O.
Published: September 2020

The main goal for this paper is to study the robust utility maximization functional,
i.e. sup_{X\in\Xi(x)} inf_{Q\in\mathsf{Q}} E_Q [U(X_T)]; of the terminal wealth in complete market models, when the investor is uncertain about the underlying probabilistic model and averse against both risk and model uncertainty. In the previous literature, this problem was studied for strictly concave utility functions and we extended existing results for non-concave utility functions by considering their concavization.
A few observations on Dr. Auvard's baby bed warmer
Authors: Arnoldov V. A.
Published: September 2020

Currently, the number of stillbirths and premature babies is increasing. On average, it is 36 per 1000 births. In France, from 1840 to 1880, it increased from 32.57 per 1,000 births to 45.35 per 1,000. The desire for rational measures to save the lives of premature babies is very natural and gives tangible results. So, in the Maternit in Paris, since the introduction of the auvard hot water bottle, the mortality rate of premature babies has been reduced from 66% to 38%. The auvard hot-water bed is actually a Tarnier hot-water bottle, modified by Dr. Auvard.
Surgical treatment of forward displacement of the uterus.
Authors: Charles A. L.
Published: September 2020

Based on statistics from Nonat, meadovs, Scanzoni, Mund, and others, we must assume, says the author, that of all uterine displacements, forward displacements are the most frequent, and yet it is precisely in the treatment of these displacements that gynecology is powerless.
Risky move: New evicence on the determinants of the willingness to migrate
Authors: Johnes Geraint
Published: September 2020

Data from a bespoke Totaljobs survey of workers in the UK are used to revisit issue of workers’ willingness to migrate in order to enhance their career opportunities. Demographic variables such as age, gender, and family circumstances are found to have high explanatory power. Education is also an important cofactor, as is the individual’s current income – though the latter has a highly nonlinear effect. Workers located in the north east – a region relatively remote from other large population centres, and one with a strong and distinct cultural identity – are significantly less likely to express a willingness to move. The paper is novel in two respects: in identifying the role played by individual income in mobility, and in allowing for the potential endogeneity of variables associated with attitudes to risk-taking.
Resistance to Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae in native maize germplasm
Authors: Márquez-Licona Guillermo , Castillo-González Fernando , Vargas-Hernández Mateo , De León-García de Alba Carlos , Solano-Báez Alma Rosa , Leyva-Mir Santos Gerardo , Téliz-Ortíz Daniel
Published: September 2020

El carbón de la espiga del maíz (Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae) es una enfermedad que se caracteriza porque el patógeno remplaza las inflorescencias por soros llenos de teliosporas. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la respuesta en campo de 55 poblaciones de maíz nativo a la infección por S. reilianum. Las poblaciones de maíz se colectaron en los estados de Guerrero (13), Oaxaca (13), Puebla (seis), Tlaxcala (12) y Estado de México (11). La semilla fue inoculada con teliosporas del patógeno, usando grenetina como adherente. El híbrido Az 41801 se utilizó como testigo. Las poblaciones fueron evaluadas en Mixquiahuala, Hidalgo, en los ciclos 2015 y 2016. La incidencia de la enfermedad se registró mediante la observación directa de signos y síntomas en las inflorescencias. La incidencia máxima de la enfermedad en las poblaciones de maíz fue de 28.8% y 22.2% en la primera y segunda evaluación, respectivamente, mientras que el testigo (Az 41801) presentó una incidencia de 70.7% y 42.3%. Considerando el origen geográfico, los maíces del Estado de México y Tlaxcala presentaron una menor incidencia de la enfermedad respecto al resto de las poblaciones, lo que indica la presencia de genes de resistencia a la enfermedad.
THE SCORE FOR THE ASSESSMENT RESULTS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF ADULT PATIENTS WITH CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA
Authors: Kutin M. A , Konovalov A. N , Kalinin P. L , Kadashev B. A , Serova N. K , Zaytsev O. S , Sidneva Yu. G , Astaf’eva L. I , Mazerkina N. A , Fomichev D. V , Sharipov O. I , Voronina I. N , Klochkova I. S , Zhadenova I. V , Savateev A. N , Strunina Yu. V , Sidoruk E. V
Published: September 2020

In the article the authors presented a modified score for the evaluation of the management of adult patients with craniopharyngioma. Its application allows to estimate dynamics of patients before and after surgery, and in following-up observation. The main advantage of the score is the possibility of its application in patients with impaired self-esteem, which is very important in cases of craniopharyngioma. The application of the proposed scale is possible in scientific research on groups of patients, during the medical-social examination and evaluation of the effectiveness of rehabilitation
THE BENEFITS OF COMBINED MINIMALLY INVASIVE TREATMENT IN REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEMORRHOIDS
Authors: Rodoman G. V , Kornev L. V , Shalaeva T. I
Published: September 2020

Currently, the post-surgical rehabilitation of patients with hemorrhoidal disease is a serious medical and social problem. The authors proposed a comprehensive method of the management of hemorrhoids, combining seam artery ligation under Doppler ultrasound control with subdermal-submucous laser destruction of internal and external hemorrhoids. There was executed the comparative study of the safety and efficiency of both this method and the closed hemorrhoidectomy, with the use of linear stapler, in patients with chronic hemorrhoids at the stage II and III. The combined method of HAL + laser was shown to be potent of both improving the quality of life for patients during the rehabilitation period and significantly diminishing its duration. This method eliminates the risk of wound complications, reduces the risk of urinary retention by 7 times, and significantly relief from the pronounced pain in the postoperative period.
ACCESSIBILITY AND QUALITY OF ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION TO CHILDREN AFTER NEUROIN INFECTIONS
Authors: Samoylova Irina G.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to an important problem - the evaluation of all the criteria for the quality of medical care provided in the clinic of the Children’s Scientific and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, from the standpoint of the independent opinion of patients and persons caring for patients in this institution. With the help of specially developed questionnaires, posted, including on the Institute’s website, a survey of patients and persons caring for children was conducted. Estimating the information availability it is established that according to the results of the survey 92% of respondents are satisfied with the completeness of the information provided on the Internet. Only 23.2% paid attention to the media, placed directly in the clinic. 3.5% of respondents were not satisfied with the equipment of the clinic with equipment for people with disabilities, and 56% - did not provide an answer to this question. A significant proportion of the respondents (91.4%) noted the high competence of all medical personnel, and 96.1% indicated that the medical staff was polite and benevolent. Materially thanked medical personnel for the assistance rendered by almost a quarter of respondents (24.1%). At the same time, it is important to emphasize that the absolute majority (96.8%) of the respondents expressed material gratitude on their own initiative. 14.2% of the respondents paid for additional diagnostic tests, but more than half of the respondents in this group (52.8%) paid for these studies in order to more accurately verify the diagnosis, ie, these studies were not prescribed in the procedures and standards of medical care. In conclusion, it is important to note that, in general, the interviewed people would recommend treatment in the clinic of the Children’s Scientific and Clinical Center. This fact is indicated by the results of the survey - 98.4% of the respondents confirmed this fact.
MEDICO-SOCIAL CHARACTERISTIC OF DISABILITY DUE TO KONTENGENT EYE DISEASES GIVEN NOSOLOGICAL FORMS IN MOSCOW
Authors: Puzin S. N , Nazarian Marina G. , Schekaturov A. A , Vertash O. Y
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes the structure of disability due to eye diseases, taking into account the nosological form in Moscow for a retrospective analysis the paper used the data form № 7-SBEs, statistical collections of the Federal Bureau of medical and social expertise of the Ministry of labor of Russia and statistical collections of Rosstat. The unit of observation for the first time and re-recognized as disabled due to diseases of the eye. The research is complete. Statistical processing of the study data was carried out using the software Statmed - 2010. The analysis of the contingent of disabled people showed that the largest proportion of disabled people were due to glaucoma (36%), the second place in the structure of disability is retinal disease (31%), the third place is degenerative myopia - (17%), the fourth place - diseases of the optic nerve (10%) and the fifth place - disabled due to corneal pathology (3%).
ORGANIZATION OF DRUG REIMBURSEMENT IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE WORLD
Authors: Puzin S. N , Grechko A. V , Prianikov I. V , Malichenko Vladislav S. , Chludeeva T. A , Puzin S. S
Published: September 2020

Drug reimbursement is one of the key elements of the effective health care system. The introduction of mechanisms to optimize the cost of drug provision can significantly reduce the costs of the state budget, expanding the availability of therapy and reducing long-term economic losses due to disability of the working population. The article analyses the specifics of drug provision programs in various regions of the world to determine the best practices for the purpose of subsequent introduction in the Russian Federation.
THE HARM CAUSED TO HUMAN HEALTH. MEDICAL CRITERION. POSTULATES OF CLASSIFICATI
Authors: Kulikov S. N , Klevno V. A , Puzin S. N , Chludeeva T. A
Published: September 2020

The article presents a systematic analysis of the current regulatory framework governing the use of both qualifying features and medical criteria of harm caused to human health. The substantiation of group classification of the medical criteria differentiated on the main medico-expert signs is given: dangers to life, on outcomes and consequences (duration of disorder of health, persistent disability). The legal isolation of the concept of causing harm to health, on the one hand, and the fact of causing injury in medical expert respect, on the other, is shown.
THE INTRANET-PATIENT IN MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Kolesnichenko O. Yu , Mazelis A. L , Nikolaiev A. E , Martynov A. V , Pulit V. V , Smorodin G. N , Kolesnichenko Yu. Yu
Published: September 2020

The article considers a mathematical cluster analysis of data obtained in medical information system "qMS" for annual period of data registration in three medical institutions. To evaluate cost, duration of treatment and scope of examination of patients with hypertension heart disease a special software was developed by A.L. Mazelis using Python interactive environment. The clustering was implemented in two directions: according number of medical examinations and procedures (Series treatment) and according time of waiting for medical examinations and procedures (Series time). Two groups of patients were established according distribution of cost and duration of hospital treatment. Also, based on analysis of data of medical information system, a description of social medical portrait of patient with hypertensive heart disease was presented. A proposal was made of implementing adjustment of treatment standards considering medical social portrait of patient according to established actual demands of patients. In analyzed sampling almost equal attention is paid to examination of heart and gastrointestinal tract that testifies wide prevalence of gastrointestinal diseases that requires increased diagnostic attention to them as concomitant ones to hypertension disease.
The use of epidural analgesia in the treatment of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Sitkin Sergei I.
Published: September 2020

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal diseases requiring hospital of microcirculation and ischemia of the pancreas are the main causes of pancreatic necrosis. There is currently no specific therapy of acute pancreatitis. Symptomatic therapy admissions worldwide. AP has an overall mortality of 1%, increasing to 30% in its severe form. Violation focuses on aggressive rehydration, early nutrition, acceptable analgesia, oxygenation, and use of antibiotics is the main treatment for OP. Increasing evidence shows benefits of TEA in animal AP: improved splanchnic and pancreatic perfusion, improved pancreatic microcirculation, reduced liver damage, and significantly reduced mortality. This article provides an overview of research on the use of thoracic epidural anesthesia in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.
LOCAL ANESTHESIA FOR VITREO-RETINAL SURGERY
Authors: Marova N. G , Vasilyev Ya. I , Klyushnikova E. V , Kononov A. V , Polyakova T. S
Published: September 2020

Local anesthesia is used as a component of general anesthesia or self-sufficient technique of perioperative analgesia at the vitreo-retinal surgery. Its popularity originates from safety and simplicity of regional techniques which provide efficient analgesia, perfect surgical field and fast recovery. Most of injection techniques of ophthalmic regional anesthesia are single shot methods which could not provide effective analgesia in some patients who required anesthesia for a prolonged period. Implementation of catheter technique in daily practice could be solution to this problem. Infusion of local anesthetic through catheter possesses all advantages of single-shot techniques and provides virtually unlimited duration of analgesia.
ASSESSMENT OF RECTUS SHEATH BLOCK EFFECTIVENESS AFTER MAJOR ABDOMINAL SURGERY
Authors: Sholin I. Y , Avetisyan V. A , Ezugbaia B. S , Zhikharev V. A , Koryachkin V. A
Published: September 2020

Objective. Assessment of rectus sheatus block effectiveness after major abdominal surgery. Material and methods. 120 patients after gastrectomy and pancreatoduodenal resections were examined. In the postoperative period, patients of the 1st group (n = 40) were given epidural infusion of 0.2% solution of ropivacaine 5 ml / h, patients of the 2nd (n = 40) and 3rd groups (n = 40) in the rectus sheatus introduced 10 ml of a 0.375% solution of ropivacaine with an interval of 8 hours and a constant infusion of 0.2% solution of ropivacaine 5 ml/h were bolus administered respectively. The intensity of the pain syndrome was assessed at rest and during mobilization, and frequency the need for additional of narcotics, suppuration, and patient satisfaction. Results. The intensity of the pain syndrome for 48 hours had no significant difference. The need for drugs in the 2nd group was less than in the 1st and 3rd groups. The incidence of wound suppuration between the groups did not differ significantly. The patient’s satisfaction with analgesia was 3.8 ± 0.44 points in the 2nd group, 2.7 ± 0.88 points and 2.6 ± 0.73 points in the 1st and 2nd groups (p
Intensive therapy systemic toxicity of local anesthetics (clinical guidelines)
Authors: Lakhin Roman E. , Koryachkin V. A , Uvarov D. N , Ulrikh G. E , Shifman E. M , Gluschenko V. A , Kulikov A. V
Published: September 2020

Development of the systemic toxicity of local anesthetics can quickly lead to severe bradycardia and hypotension, up to cardiac arrest. The presented clinical recommendations designed to optimize medical care and are included in the list of mandatory clinical protocols according to the Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety in Anaesthesiology. This review summarizes the main mechanisms of toxicity when using local anesthetics. The guidelines set out criteria and signs of systemic toxicity, recommendations for its prevention. The algorithm of action and recommended dosage of drugs. An intensive care protocol systemic toxicity of local anesthetics including the use of lipid emulsion.
Estudo de Dinâmica Molecular da Reação do Intermediário Criegee CH2OO com o NO2 sob Efeito da Temperatura
Authors: Pereira Rubem  dos  S. , Santin Lauriane  G. , Santos Flávio  A.  dos , Oliveira Solemar S.
Published: September 2020

Neste trabalho foram realizadas simulações computacionais da interação do intermediário Criegee CH2OO com o NO2, utilizando o modelo teórico da Dinâmica Molecular de Car-Parrinello, em temperaturas de 100 K, 300 K e 500 K. Através dos resultados obtidos, para as três temperaturas, foi possível observar a formação de novas moléculas. Os produtos são estáveis e diferentes, para cada temperatura, o que está diretamente associado ao efeito desta. Os comprimentos de ligação foram avaliados em termos do tempo médio de residência e demonstraram a formação das novas ligações.
Science as a private matter. To the question of the commercialization of research and development
Authors: Kupriyanov Victor A. , Dushina Svetlana A.
Published: September 2020

Basing on the investigations of the organization of modern science, the authors discuss the problem of commercialization of research and development. The aim of the article is to explicate the peculiarities of the commercial science. The authors show that contrary to the wide spread conception, commercial and applied science are not identical. Basing on the activity approach, the authors develop the idea that modern trends in commercialization of the research and development involve new conception of science as a private good, which is contrary to the dominating understanding of science as an activity directed to common good. The authors point out at the change in academic values forming under the influence of the principles peculiar to business. The first part of the article analyses the work of the contract research organizations and professional publication agencies and explicate the change of the structure of research activity within commercial science. The authors point out that the private interests directed at market efficiency of corporations is hidden behind the ideology of the new institutions (contract research organizations and publication agencies). The article notes that the borrowing of the given models of the organization of science in academic reforms in developing countries should be approached with care, taking into consideration the fact of their contrariness and imperfection.
Science and economy interrelation
Authors: Shepelev Gennady V.
Published: September 2020

The model of interrelation between science and Economics is considered. The analysis of scientific research as a specific economic activity is carried out. The role of state and non-state financing in the organization of business based on scientific research is investigated. Based on the proposed concept the processes of forming the demand for scientific research are studied. In particular, explanations are given for the lack of business demand on research results. The role of the state in forming a request for scientific research for various sectors of science is shown.
The role of scientific cooperation among factors influencing the article citation count. Analytical review
Authors: Mzhelsky Alexander A. , Moskaleva Olga V.
Published: September 2020

Although more than 60 known factors appear to affect article citation, almost a third of them are associated with scientific collaboration, which, according to scientometric studies prevails every year in most subject categories. This work is aimed at identifying the reasons behind attracting more citation due to scientificcooperation, analyzing the main trends and showing the position of Russian publications against the foreign ones, as well as presenting the best cases and highlighting opportunities for growth. Since the biomedicine field accounts for more than half of the articles in the world, attracts the highest citation and presents special regulations and initiatives that can change the publishing policy in other subject areas, it is analyzed separately with regards to each factor reviewed.
Contexto histórico e artístico de produção do fenômeno Racionais MC’s
Authors: D’Andrea Tiaraju
Published: September 2020

Diferentemente do que já foi realizado de maneira corrente, este artigo não analisará nenhuma letra de rap dos Racionais MC’s. A obra do grupo será debatida por meio de três feixes interpretativos. Cada um desses feixes contemplará cada uma das três sessões do texto. Na primeira e na segunda sessão, serão realizadas análises externas a obra do grupo. Na primeira se descreverá o contexto histórico no qual emergiram os Racionais MC’s, dando ênfase ao emblemático ano de 1993. Na segunda sessão se tratará do contexto artístico do começo da década de 1990. Um dos pressupostos deste texto é o de que não é possível compreender uma obra artística sem compreender o contexto na qual ela foi produzida e como esse contexto se relaciona com a obra e com sua potencial visibilidade. A terceira sessão propõe uma análise musicológica do rap produzido pelos Racionais MC’s, atribuindo a algumas características musicais propostas pelo grupo o sucesso que o mesmo obteve.
Impactos da geração distribuída fotovoltaica e da tarifa branca no consumo do setor residencial
Authors: Rodrigues Matheus Gomes , Carlo Joyce Correna
Published: September 2020

Desde o início deste século, nota-se uma crescente necessidade de suprimento energético e consequentemente o aumento das preocupações ambientais internacionais. Em resposta a essa demanda, a geração distribuída fotovoltaica surge como possibilidade de redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa, além da redução do investimento em produção, transmissão ou distribuição. Outra forma de controle referente ao consumo energético é por meio do gerenciamento pelo lado da demanda que, no Brasil, surge como opção para o setor residencial com a tarifa Branca. Porém, a inserção destas estratégias, assim como a mudança para o novo regime tarifário, requer investimentos e planejamento, os quais devem ser cuidadosamente analisados. Nesse contexto, as simulações computacionais possibilitam visualizar possíveis cenários, facilitar análises e fomentar planejamentos futuros. Este trabalho avalia os efeitos da geração distribuída fotovoltaica e do novo regime tarifário para consumidores residenciais que aderirem à tarifa Branca. Unidades habitacionais localizadas em Bento Gonçalves, São Paulo e Belém, com ou sem geração fotovoltaica, foram estudadas. Mostra-se que apenas a adesão à tarifa Branca gera 12,7%, 17,1%, 23,4% de aumento de gastos nas respectivas localidades, o que ressalta a necessidade da mudança nos hábitos atualmente típicos do consumidor e da redução no uso de energia nos horários de pico. Em contrapartida, os casos com geração fotovoltaica foram majoritariamente mais econômicos com a tarifa Convencional. No entanto, houve casos com resultado contrário em Bento Gonçalves, onde a diferença não foi relevante ou a melhor opção foi a tarifa Branca, visto que o pico de consumo gerado pelo chuveiro elétrico foi eliminado com a inserção do sistema solar de aquecimento de água que acompanhou o sistema fotovoltaico. Este, por sua vez, levou o consumo das habitações à tarifa mínima, principalmente em São Paulo, onde os custos foram praticamente os mesmos, não importando o regime tarifário escolhido.
Sistem Temu Kembali Informasi Dinas Pemuda Olahraga dan Pariwisata Kabupaten Purbalingga dengan Metode Vector Space Model
Authors: Hidayatulloh Muhammad Syafiq
Published: September 2020

Tourism in Indonesia has now increased both natural and artificial tourism. In Indonesia there are very many tourism offerings ranging from land tourism to water. Purbalingga Regency can be said as agrowing regency, especially in the tourism sector and is starting to be made as a comparison with tourism in other cities in Central Java. Information Retrieval System is an optimization in searching websites so that users get information as expected. Tourism in Purbalingga Regency is still experiencing problems, namely aspects in providing detailed information on attractions. The use of the retrieval system is expected to be used as search optimization to improve the relevance of the query to the tourism documents in Purbalingga Regency. The limited information about tourism in Purbalingga is still lacking, resulting in tourists outside the area not knowing what tourism is in Purbalingga. The tools that will be used to create this information retrieval system are the Codeigniter framework then the programming language PHP for websites with data storage using the Mysql database. In the process of building the information retrieval system, an algorithm called vector space model is needed as a calculation of the relevance of the query to the document. The application of tourism information retrieval system in Purbalingga Regency is expected to help the condition of tourism in Purbalingga Regency to be improved, especially in tourism information. The results of this study are websites searcht hat will provide tourist attraction information in accordance with the query entered by the user and then display documents relevant to the query.
Pemilihan Region of Interest Secara Otomatis pada Citra Leukosit
Authors: Saputra Wahyu Andi
Published: September 2020

Leukimia merupakan penyakit pada manusia yang terjadi karena tubuh memproduksi sel darah putih dalam jumlah yang tidak wajar. Dalam penelitian di bidang IT yang berkaitan dengan sel darah putih, umumnya data yang digunakan sebagai pengujian adalah citra sel darah putih yang diambil dengan bantuan mikroskop. Mula-mula, sel darah putih diletakkan pada preparat, diberi pewarnaan untuk mempertegas warna sel, lalu diambil gambar sel tersebut. Citra yang diambil umumnya masih merupakan citra berukuran besar yang jumlahnya lebih dari satu citra sel darah putih. Padahal umumnya, untuk melakukan ekstraksi fitur, diperlukan satu sel darah putih pada satu citra. Hal ini menjadi pekerjaan tersendiri pada sebuah penelitian.

Upaya untuk memilih area sel darah putih dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan pengolahan citra. Citra yang berukuran besar dan bisa terdiri dari berbagai sel darah putih akan dipilih areanya agar menjadi area yang lebih spesifik. Hal ini disebut dengan Region of Interest. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih Region of Interest pada sel darah putih secara otomatis dengan menggunakan teknik Blob Analysis yang memanfaatkan BoundingBox. Dengan bantuan citra ground-truth yang didapat dari pakar, area ini kemudian menjadi rujukan dalam menandai koordinat sel darah putih pada citra aslinya. Kemudian, kordinat tersebut diterapkan pada citra asli untuk dilakukan pemotongan agar menjadi citra yang lebih kecil dan memiliki satu sel darah putih.

Pengujian dilakukan pada 250 citra berbagai jenis sel darah putih. Dari pengujian, didapatkan hasil Region of Interest dari citra dengan tingkat ketelitian mencapai 99.95%. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memudahkan peneliti dalam mengembangkan peneltian lebih jauh pada citra sel darah putih.
CUREs During and Beyond COVID-19
Authors: Burmeister Alita R. , Dickinson Katie , Graham Mark J.
Published: September 2020

Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences (CUREs) provide active and authentic scientific involvement to tens of thousands of students each year. Through this process, CUREs offer the benefits of increased learning outcomes, improved equity, and increased retention in STEM. During the COVID-19 pandemic, however, research and teaching labs have limited capacity. Some universities are closed for in-person learning altogether, and others are likely to face emergency shut-downs throughout the year. In this setting, the inability to conduct experiments limits a core aspect of CUREs. Without experimentation as a basis for student engagement, interest, and broader relevance, true course-based research this year becomes a major challenge. We suggest that this limitation provides a moment to enhance CUREs with research-enriching learning activities that are obtainable while away from the bench. In this essay we outline a variety of these student-centered activities and review their benefits in terms of student interest, learning, and equity. While useful during emergency teaching transitions during COVID-19, we make the case that these new evidence-based practices for CUREs will also be helpful for the enrichment of research-based learning beyond the current crisis.