bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОЧИЩЕННЯ НАСІННЯ ЦУКРОВОГО БУРЯКА У ПОХИЛОМУ ПОВІТРЯНОМУ ПОТОЦІ З ПОЧАТКОВОЮ ШВИДКІСТЮ КОМПОНЕНТІВ
Authors: Головченко Галина Степанівна , Калнагуз Олексій Миколайович
Published: June 2023

Очищення посівного насіння сільськогосподарських культур є необхідною складовою для отримання кінцевого продукту найкращої якості. Тому для якісного виробництва цукрових буряків необхідно використовувати якісне посівне насіння. Насіння для висіву повинно мати високу якість, а саме фізичну чистоту, що в свою чергу потім дасть отримати нам високі врожаї. При очищенні насіння, або зерна, використовують їхні механіко-технологічні властивості, а саме: форма поверхні насіння; його так звані геометричні розміри (довжина, ширина та товщина); щільність та інші. Під час очищення суміші насіння цукрового буряка і дикої редьки за аеродинамічними властивостями науковцями доведено, що насіння останньої культури має найбільшу критичну швидкість – 7,5 м/с, проти 6 м/c для насіння цукрового буряка. Тому за таким способом поділ неможливо виконати. В статті описано один із способів очищення насіння цукрового похилому повітряному потоці. Даний потік подавав зернову суміш за принципом розсіювання траєкторії частинок у напрямку швидкості повітряного потоку. Показник винесення насіння цукрового буряка і дикої редьки визначався відношенням маси насіння, яке надійшло в верхній приймач, до маси насіння нижнього приймача. Принцип Д. Аламбера використовувався під час дослідження руху насіння цукрового буряка та дикої редьки у похилому повітряному потоці. Проведені розрахунки по визначенню критичної швидкості насіння цукрового буряка та насіння дикої редьки; сили опору повітряного потоку. Наведені залежності зміни парусності від обволікання зволоженою речовиною. В багатьох наукових статях науковців як з України так і в світі наводяться способи та методи очищення насіння сільськогосподарських культур від домішок; наведено процес побілу насіннєвого матеріалу на решетах. Отримані математичні залежності показують нам що тільки зміна критичної швидкості компонентів суміші, дасть нам краще очистити насіння цукрового буряка, в похилому повітряному потоці, яке надходить з початковою швидкістю. Наведено залежності по визначенню відносної швидкості руху у вертикальному повітряному потоці компонентів насінної суміші: цукровий буряк – дика редька.
Analysis of national and international tomato trade routes through the simplex method
Authors: Martínez-Jiménez Daira Danae , Castillo-Altamirano Madelyne , Núñez-Betancourt Ernest Yasser , Luquez Gaitan Carlos Ernesto
Published: June 2023

Objective: To find the optimal national and international tomato trade routes through the simplex method to maximize profit.
Design/methodology/approach: The apparent national consumption was determined from the production, the volume of exports, the imports, and the population of each state in the Mexican republic; based on this, the points of origin and destinations were established, to later optimize the routes through the simplex method taking into account two scenarios, a closed market economy and an open market economy.
Results: Of the total offer, 21% is destined to the national market, where only 64% of the offerors supply tomato to national consumers. On the other hand, in the open economy it is evident that only 45% of the destinations through which tomato can be exported to North American territory are optimal, and it is also clear that 79% of national surpluses are destined to trade in a foreign market.
Limitations on study/implications: The model was designed with data from 2020, considering all the tomato variants produced and exported in Mexico contained in the tariff classification 070200; the independent variable was the distance between offerors and destinations.
Findings/conclusions: In conditions of closed market there is surplus production of tomato in 19 states that allows supplying the states with negative balance. Estado de México, Mexico City, and Veracruz concentrate the greatest demand due to their large population density. The two states with greatest surplus, Sinaloa and San Luis Potosí, destined the total of their offer to the foreign market, primarily because of their proximity to border customs.
as.
Fr. Silvije Grubišić, the Neglected Bible Translator
Authors: Berković Danijel
Published: June 2023

Suvremeno proučavanje povijesti hrvatskoga biblijskog prevoditeljstva umnogome se usredotočuje na nekoliko vrsnih biblijskih prevoditelja koji su nas umnogome zadužili u biblijsko-prevoditeljskoj baštini. No, ponekad je to i nauštrb nekih naših hrvatskih biblijskih prevoditelja koji su zanemareni, a o njihovu se djelu i vrlo vrijednom doprinosu vrlo malo, ili tek usputno, govori, piše ili zna. Jedan od takvih je i fra Silvije Grubišić, jedan ne samo vrijedan, nego i važan čimbenik u hrvatskom biblijsko-prevoditeljskom djelu. O Grubišićevu prijevodu Staroga zavjeta vrlo je malo, a ponekad i samo uzgred spomenuto. O kritičkim, jezičnim i tekstualnim analizama toga pri- jevoda nema ni govora. Ovim se člankom nastoji ukazati na iznimnu vrijednost biblijskoga prevoditeljskog djela fra Silvija Grubišića. Grubišićev je prijevod Staroga zavjeta vrlo osebujan, atipičan, zasigurno originalan. Valja stoga istaknuti te posebnosti, djelomice ih i tekstualno analizirati te tako do- prinijeti da se čuva i očuva bogata hrvatska biblijsko-prevoditeljska baština.
To eat or not to eat junk foods? Improvement in children’s intention to reduce junk foods consumption following exposure to a media literacy intervention
Authors: Bicoy Nino Daryll , Gravoso Rotacio
Published: June 2023

Exposure to junk food information leads to high junk food consumption among children. This situation has raised concerns among agencies and organizations mandated to ensure children’s health because high junk foods consumption results in several health problems. This study aimed to ascertain the effects of a media literacy intervention on elementary school children’s knowledge, attitude towards junk foods, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention to eat junk foods and consume junk foods. Treatment groups included analysis+analysis, analysis+production, and no intervention. Children who underwent the analysis+production approach had significantly higher improvement in their attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention during the post-test and the delayed post-test than those in the analysis+analysis approach and those not treated with any intervention. Results suggest that the analysis+production approach could improve children’s knowledge of junk foods’ health impacts and reduce their attitude towards eating junk foods, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention to eat junk foods. Overall findings indicate that initiatives aimed to encourage children to eat nutritious foods need repetition of the message. Aside from curriculum integration, engaging parents and application of game-based learning are also potential mechanisms for improving children’s food habits.
Effectiveness of E-learning Mode for Teaching English Language at Dong Nai Technology University
Authors: Nam Nguyen Thanh
Published: June 2023

The goal of using e-learning platforms in teaching English at many Vietnamese colleges and universities is to increase students' competency in the language. At Dong Nai Technology University, e-learning systems, including DNTU-LMS and Canvas, have recently been introduced. They have been employed as essential instruments for teaching and learning at several university faculties, notably during the Covid-19 epidemic, because of their flexibility and efficiency. The purpose of the current research was to ascertain the opinions of EFL students from the Faculty of Foreign Languages on the use of an e-learning platform. To take part in this research, 100 EFL students were randomly selected. A questionnaire was used to obtain the data. The findings showed that the implementation of e-learning was successful after assessing student reactions. Students are comforted and happy by e-learning, which also encourages them to study English.
Blótsyrði og örnefni
Authors: Sigmundsson Svavar
Published: June 2023

In this paper, placenames that originate or can be associated with Icelandic swearwords are listed and discussed.
PECULIARITIES OF THE TERM REPRODUCTION IN THE UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION OF PATRICK SÜSKIND’S NOVEL “PERFUME: THE STORY OF A MURDERER”
Authors:   Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named after Mykhailo Tugan-Baranovsky, Udovichenko H. M.
Published: June 2023

Objective. The objective of the research is to investigate the peculiarities of the reproduction of terms in the Ukrainian translation of Patrick Süskind’s novel “Perfume: the Story of a Murderer”. Methods. The methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, study of critical literature on the topic, work with scientific sources are used. Results. The translation of terms in fiction is not limited to such stringent requirements as in specialized literature. The authenticity of a work of art is the authenticity of another kind, which is not documentary. To use Patrick Süskind’s novel as an example, it is not necessary to list the raw material names and methods of perfume, though it is important. But the main thing is to create the atmosphere of the time, the reliability of the situations described in the novel. The term in fiction is basically an element of style, the basis of creating an artistic image, which should be taken into account by the translator. However, this does not mean that, when faced with a term, the translator may omit it, translate as he pleases, or replace it with a term. Even a synonym close in meaning, which is not a term, or belongs to the terminology of another science / field of life, can violate the whole integrity of the work. After all, the terms, even on a purely formal side, indicate a certain situation. They sharply limit the scope of the work, which imposes a framework on translation, and requires a more careful and careful search for an equivalent for terminological units. It is determined that the feature of translation of a term in an artistic text lies in the interdependence of the elements of the text. Terms are entered by the author for a specific purpose. They create a holistic perception, and any deviation from the shape of the original can disturb that perception. It is proved that for whatever purpose a special text was introduced, the terms used in it fulfill more than just a stylistic function. Their appearance is determined by the features of the most special text. Often, the use of synonyms, and, moreover non-terms, is simply impossible. The presence of certain terms in the text preserves the belonging of the text to a particular class of texts, to a specific professional or scientific field. Omitting these terms or replacing them with synonyms can dramatically reduce the identity of the term and, therefore, disrupt the logic of perception of the work as a whole.
SPECIFICITY OF SCIENTIFICAND TECHNICAL LITERATURE TRANSLATION
Authors:   Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named after Mykhailo Tugan-Baranovsky, Udovichenko H. M. , Kashpurovska O. S. ,   Kryvyi Rih Comprehensive School #8
Published: June 2023

Objective. The objective of the article is to analyze the specifics and ways of overcoming difficulties in the process of scientific and technical literature translation. Methods. The methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, study of critical literature on the topic, work with scientific sources are used in the work. Results. An algorithm for translating scientific texts should include the formulation of the task, the definition of the recipient and the purpose of the translation, the definition of the genre of the text, the establishment of possible ways of conveying the thought and style of presentation of the author. The translated text should be as close as possible to the original one and to the accuracy of the transmitted information and other parameters. In addition, the English and Ukrainian texts are characterized by frequent use of abbreviations, shortenings and symbols. If conventions can always be viewed in the same book or publication, as they are used only within this work, then the translation of abbreviations and shortenings can present considerable complexity. In addition to the well-known abbreviations used around the world, there are many meaningful acronyms, shortenings that are specific to a particular industry, as well as several variants of writing the same abbreviation. Dictionaries will help to understand their full diversity. However, the translator can face quite difficult questions, which are solved with experience: translation of the author’s terms and words, the style of presentation of the text as close as possible to the author’s, translation of specific terminology that requires deep knowledge in a particular field. All these difficulties can be overcome only by having gained enough practical experience.
A Scoping Review of Hope on Female Prisoners
Authors: Hidayati Nur Oktavia , Suryani Suryani , Rahayuwati Laili , Fitrasanti Berlian Isnia , Ahdiat Hanjani Putri
Published: June 2023

Prisoners are pressured from inside or outside the correctional facility, triggering psychological problems such as stress, anxiety, and depression. Meanwhile, hope is a positive psychology that helps inmates overcome psychological problems in correctional facilities. This study further aims to determine female prisoners’ hope in correctional facilities. The scoping review approach was used, starting with the article search through, EBSCO (CINAHL and Academic Search), ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases, using keywords such as female, hope, prisoners, and prison. The articles were sorted based on inclusion criteria, involving the availability of full texts, 2010-2021 publications, primary research results, population and research samples involving female prisoners, qualitative study, and the hope of female prisoners in prison. The results showed that female prisoners have hopes for life during their sentence and after being released from prison. As a conclusion, all the articles provided an overview of the hopes to be achieved ranging from career, family, education, desire to be free from crime, and the desire for revenge. Several articles demonstrated that the source of hope comes from social support while in prison, as well as religious, and self-development activities.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 22 No. 03 July’23 Page : 482-488
Ovarian sclerosing stromal tumour: Report of a new entity with immunohistochemical study.
Authors: Rahman Papiya , Afroz Sadia , Shabnam Ummey Salma , Nesa Emita Umama Tun , Dey Bishnu Pada , Begum Ferdousy
Published: June 2023

Sclerosing stromal tumour (SST) is a rare benign sex cord stromal tumour occurring in women in their second and third decades. Patients usually present with menstrual irregularity and pelvic pain. Microscopically, this tumour is characterized by epithelioid and spindle cells arranged in pseudolobules separated by areas with fibrous deposition of various amount. Presence of ‘staghorn like’ proliferating vasculature is the hallmark feature of this tumour. The main differential diagnoses are thecoma and fibroma. Immunohistochemistry can be used to differentiate these tumours. This relatively new entity should be kept in mind while reporting ovarian tumour in a young female. We have described SST in an 18 year old female in this case report.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 22 No. 03 July’23 Page : 712-717
Prevalence of Seed-Borne Fungi Associated With Selected Rice Varieties of Brri
Authors: Shamsi S , Chakravorty S , Hosen S
Published: June 2023

Selected rice varieties such as BR-78, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88 and 89 were used in this experiment to investigate the prevalence of seed-borne fungi. A total of twelve fungi belonging to six genera was isolated from the seeds of selected BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute) rice varieties by using tissue planting method. They were Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger van Tieghem, A. ochraceous Wilhelm, A. terreus Thom, Curvularia lunaata (Wakker) Boedijn, Curvularia sp. 1, Drechslera oryzae Breda de Haan (Subramanian and Jain), Penicillium sp.1, Penicillium sp. 2 and Rhizopus stolonifera (Ehrenb.) Vuill., Among the isolated fungi A. niger was the most prevalent fungi associated with the seeds of the rice varieties with a mean per cent frequency of 16.93 and the least prevalent fungi was A. ochraceous with a mean per cent frequency of 0.27. Mean per cent frequency of A. niger (16.33) was highest which was followed by A. flavus (7.27), Penicillium sp.1 (5.93), Penicillium sp. 2 (3.27), Drechslera oryzae (2.67) and A. terreus (2.53). Among the identified seed-borne fungi Curvularia lunata and Drechslera oryzae were found as pathogenic and cause seed-borne diseases.
J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2023, 9(1): 61-68
OECD Ülkelerinde Tarımsal İşgücü Verimliliğinin Yakınsama Dinamikleri
Authors: TUNÇ Ahmet
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışma, 38 OECD ülkesinin tarımsal işgücü verimliliğinin yakınsama dinamiklerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, 1995-2019 dönemine ait veriler Phillips ve Sul (2007, 2009) tarafından önerilen log-t yakınsama testi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma bulguları, OECD ülkelerinde tarımsal işgücü verimliliğinin bir bütün olarak yakınsama trendi takip etmediği, bunun yerine tarımsal işgücü verimliliğinde ülkeler arası farklılıklarının zaman içinde arttığına işaret etmektedir. Log-t testinin kümeleme algoritması, tarımsal işgücü verimliliği bakımından OECD ülkelerinin dört nihai yakınsama kulübüyle karakterize edildiğini göstermektedir. En iyi performans gösteren ilk kulüp, dönem başından itibaren tarımsal işgücü verimliliğinin arttığı pozitif bir trendi takip ederken; ikinci kulüp, dönem boyunca ortalama sınırın etrafında konumlanmıştır. Ancak aralarında Türkiye’nin de bulunduğu Japonya, Kosta Rika, Polonya, Yunanistan ve Şili’yi içeren kulübün tarımsal işgücü verimliliğinin uzun dönemli eğilimi, negatif bir ayrışmaya işaret etmektedir. Bu negatif ayrışma, Kolombiya ve Meksika’yı içeren son kulüpte daha şiddetlidir. Sonuç olarak, tarımsal işgücü verimliliği bakımından negatif ayrışan kulüplerin gelişmekte olan ülkelerin yanı sıra gelişmiş ülkeleri de içermesi, yüksek bir gelişmişlik düzeyinin zaman içinde artan bir tarımsal işgücü verimliliğini garanti etmeyeceğini ima etmektedir.
Treatment With Vaginal Oxygen Therapy in Patients With Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause Symptoms: An Observational Trial
Authors:   Lower Genital Tract Disease Unit, V. Buzzi Hospital–University of the Study of Milan, Milan, Italy, Murina Filippo , Recalcati Dario ,   Lower Genital Tract Disease Unit, V. Buzzi Hospital–University of the Study of Milan, Milan, Italy, Di Francesco Stefania ,   Lower Genital Tract Disease Unit, V. Buzzi Hospital–University of the Study of Milan, Milan, Italy
Published: June 2023

Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) GSM is a chronic and progressive condition that can have many medical consequences (vaginal dryness, vulvar pain, dyspareunia, and dysuria) that may affect quality of life. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of vaginal hyperbaric oxygen treatment on GSM. Thirty patients received six weekly sessions of 95% pure oxygen that was delivered at a flow of 2 lt/ minute for 15 minutes using a cannula designed for vaginal therapy, with a subsequent follow-up after two months. There was a significant improvement in vaginal dryness (before treatment VAS 7.52 versus 3.52 after treatment -p = 0.05). The same improvement was observed for vulvar burning/pain and dyspareunia, but these were not statistically significant. VHI before treatment was 15.1 versus 19.59 after treatment (p = 0.05). All the parameters maintain their value at 2 months of follow-up. No adverse effects were observed.
Metal Levels in Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus Aleev, 1956 and Their Health Risk Appraisal For Consumers
Authors: BAT Levent , YARDIM Öztekin , ÖZTEKİN Ayşah
Published: June 2023

This research was carried out to determine the levels of Cd, Hg, Pb, As, Al, Cu, Fe and Zn in the muscles of Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus. The fish samples were collected from the Samsun coasts of the Black Sea between September and December in both 2021 and 2022 and were analysed by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrophotometer. The metal values in the muscle tissues of horse mackerel were below the permissible values. Zn has the higher mean concentration (5.475 mg/kg wet weight (w.w.)) followed by Fe (mean concentration of 3.887 mg/kg w.w.) and Cu (mean concentration of 0.178 mg/kg w.w.) The Cd was found at the lowest (0.0077 mg/kg w.w.) mean concentration followed by Hg (0.0096 mg/kg w.w.), Pb (0.0453 mg/kg w.w.), and Al (0. 1077 mg/kg w.w.). The target hazard quotients (THQs) for individual metals and the total target hazard quotients (TTHQs) were
“The World Stretched and Contracted Before Me:” Race, Reconciliation, and Resistance in Jim Terry’s Come Home, Indio
Authors: Kruse Zack
Published: June 2023

This examination of Jim Terry’s 2020 graphic memoir, Come Home, Indio, places the comic within conversations about what Kate Polak has identified as comics potential to operate as access generators to complex political conversations regarding the inequities faced by Indigenous peoples in the United States. Making use of what comics scholar Barbara Postema has identified as “narrative weaving” in comics, Come Home, Indio explores complexity of racial and social injustice on both a micro and macro scale as well as how those who are confronted with such inequities might reconcile with others and form deeper bonds with their own communities through spiritual and political activism. Although much critical energy has been spent on graphic memoirs, this article emphasizes how Terry’s comic might be considered within the complexities of twenty-first century American life, adding to recent conversations, like Frederic Aldama’s 2020 edited collection, Graphic Indigeneity. To date, scholarly engagement with comics by Indigenous creators has been limited, which situates this article as part of an important step forward, moving beyond mere acknowledgement of Native creators and toward prioritizing the role of their political voices and experiences in comics.
Archives, (Inter)Mediality, and the Graphic Novel:Ghost Riveras an Indigenous Revision of Records
Authors: Zukowski Scott
Published: June 2023

This article studies the cultural and historical critiques that the 2019 graphic novel Ghost River issues toward the dominant narrative and documentation of two colonial massacres of Conestoga Native Americans in 1763 Pennsylvania. The analysis pays close attention to the form and function of the graphic novel—a valuable and unique vehicle for cultural expression and historical revision. A particular focus is Ghost River’s engagement with concepts of the archive: archival bias, archival access, archival inclusion and exclusion, and the lifecycles of archival documents. In these ways, the article illuminates the ability of the graphic novel to connect the distant past with ongoing cultural issues by reassessing, revising, and revitalizing culturally important archival documents that have long been at rest. Ultimately, this essay illustrates that, through its form, content, and intermediality—all of which individually and collectively manifest concepts of survivance, rhetorical sovereignty, and medial and archival authority— Ghost River revises the historical narrative and extant archival record of North American history and culture.
ПЕВЧИЕ В ДУХОБОРЧЕСКОМ СООБЩЕСТВЕ ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XVIII – НАЧАЛЕ XX века
Authors: Иникова Светлана Александровна
Published: June 2023

Институт певчих, изучению которого посвящена работа, как специфическая структурная часть духоборческой секты, выделился из общего хора псалмопевцев. Оказавшись самой устойчивой частью сообщества, он единственный пережил исторические потрясения и внутренние катаклизмы и дожил до наших дней. Автор использовал архивные и опубликованные источники, в том числе псалмы духоборцев, а также свои экспедиционные наблюдения, сделанные у закавказских духоборцев. В работе рассмотрено формирование института певчих, их роль и статус в секте во второй половине XVIII – начале XX в. Автор пришел к выводу, что в ключевой части обряда богомоления, в котором запечатлены основные положения вероучения секты, под пение певчих и всех молящихся на них, по представлению духоборцев, нисходил Святой Дух и совершалось духовное причащение, за которое они ратовали, отвергнув церковные «рукотворные» таинства. Пение псалмов – это не сопровождение богослужения, а его самая мистическая часть, главными акторами которой были певчие. Роль певчих в обряде предопределила их очень высокий статус в секте и обеспечила в дальнейшем устойчивость самого института.

The Institute of singers, which this article is devoted, as a specific structural part of the Doukhobor sect, stood out from the general choir of psalmists. Being the most stable part of the community, it is the only one which has survived historical upheavals and internal cataclysms and has survived to the present day. The author used archival and published sources, including the psalms of the Doukhobors, and also drew on his expedition observations, which had been made among the transcaucasian Doukhobors. The paper considers the formation of the institute of singers, their role and status in the sect in the second half of the XVIII – early XX century. As a result of the research, the author came to the conclusion that in the key part of the prayer rite, in which the main provisions of the sect’s creed are imprinted, according to the idea of the Doukhobors, the Holy Spirit descended on the worshippers and spiritual communion was performed, for which they advocated, rejecting the church’s “manmade” sacraments. The singing of psalms is not an accompaniment of worship servise but its most mystical part, and the main actors of which were choristers, ensuring the result of the most important rite. This role predetermined their very high status in the sect and ensured the stability of the Institute of singers in the future.
Metabolomics in aging research: aging markers from organs
Authors: Fang Weicheng , Chen Shuxin , Jin Xuejiao , Liu Shenkui , Cao Xiuling , Liu Beidong
Published: June 2023

Metabolism plays an important role in regulating aging at several levels, and metabolic reprogramming is the main driving force of aging. Due to the different metabolic needs of different tissues, the change trend of metabolites during aging in different organs and the influence of different levels of metabolites on organ function are also different, which makes the relationship between the change of metabolite level and aging more complex. However, not all of these changes lead to aging. The development of metabonomics research has opened a door for people to understand the overall changes in the metabolic level in the aging process of organisms. The omics-based “aging clock” of organisms has been established at the level of gene, protein and epigenetic modifications, but there is still no systematic summary at the level of metabolism. Here, we reviewed the relevant research published in the last decade on aging and organ metabolomic changes, discussed several metabolites with high repetition rate, and explained their role in vivo, hoping to find a group of metabolites that can be used as metabolic markers of aging. This information should provide valuable information for future diagnosis or clinical intervention of aging and age-related diseases.
Nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbons derived from biomass for oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Wang Min , Chen Yao , Zhao Shunsheng , Zhao Cenkai , Wang Guanxiong , Wu Mingbo
Published: June 2023

Nowadays biomass has become important sources for the synthesis of different carbon nanomaterials due to their low cost, easy accessibility, large quantity, and rapid regeneration properties. Although researchers have made great effort to convert different biomass into carbons for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), few of these materials demonstrated good electrocatalytical performance in acidic medium. In this work, fresh daikon was selected as the precursor to synthesize three dimensional (3D) nitrogen doped carbons with hierarchical porous architecture by simple annealing treatment and NH3 activation. The daikon-derived material Daikon-NH3-900 exhibits excellent electrocatalytical performance towards oxygen reduction reaction in both alkaline and acidic medium. Besides, it also shows good durability, CO and methanol tolerance in different electrolytes. Daikon-NH3-900 was further applied as the cathode catalyst for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell and shows promising performance with a peak power density up to 245 W/g.
Clinical application value of metagenomic second-generation sequencing technology in hematologic diseases with and without transplantation
Authors: Zhang Xia , Wang Fang , Yu Jifeng , Jiang Zhongxing
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Hematological patients are at risk of infections. It is unknown whether the pathogenic microbial spectrum differs between HSCT and non-HSCT patients, and whether metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of peripheral blood can be used as a substitute test specimen such as alveolar lavage.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the clinical application value of mNGS in hematological patients with and without HSCT.

Results

Viruses were prevalent pathogens in both non-HSCT (44%) and HSCT (45%) patients, chiefly human cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus. In non-HSCT patients, Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 33% (predominantly Klebsiella pneumonia), and Gram-positive cocci accounted for 7% (predominantly Enterococcus faecium) of pathogens. However, in HSCT patients, Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 13% (predominantly Stenotrophomonas maltophilia), and Gram-positive cocci accounted for 24% (predominantly Streptococcus pneumonia) of pathogens. Mucor was the most common fungu s in two groups. The positive rate of pathogens by mNGS was 85.82%, higher than conventional detection (20.47%, P < 0.05). Mixed infection accounted for 67.00%, among which the mixed infection of bacteria and virus (25.99%) was the most common. 78 cases had pulmonary infection, the positive rate of traditional laboratory tests was 42.31% (33/78), and of mNGS in peripheral blood was 73.08% (57/78), showing a statistical difference (P = 0.000). The non-HSCT patients had a higher frequency of Klebsiella pneumonia (OR=0.777, 95% CI, 0.697-0.866, P = 0.01) and Torque teno virus (OR=0.883, 95% CI, 0.820-0.950, P = 0.031) infections than HSCT patients, while the rates of Streptococcus pneumonia (OR=12.828, 95% CI, 1.378-119.367, P = 0.016), Candida pseudosmooth (OR=1.100, 95% CI, 0.987-1.225, P = 0.016), human betaherpesvirus 6B (OR=6.345, 95% CI, 1.105-36.437, P = 0.039) and human polyomavirus 1 (OR=1.100, 95% CI, 0.987-1.225, P = 0.016) infections were lower. Leishmania could be detected by mNGS.

Conclusion

mNGS of peripheral blood can be used as a substitute test method for hematological patients with pulmonary infection, the detection rate of mixed infections by mNGS was high, and mNGS has high clinical recognition rate and sensitivity in pathogen detection, and provides a basis for guiding the anti-infective treatment in hematological diseases with symptoms such as fever.
Factors associated with persistent positive in HBV DNA level in patients with chronic Hepatitis B receiving entecavir treatment
Authors: Li Jun , Dong Xiao-Qin , Cao Li-Hua , Zhang Zhan-Qing , Zhao Wei-Feng , Shang Qing-Hua , Zhang Da-Zhi , Ma An-Lin , Xie Qing , Gui Hong-Lian , Zhang Guo , Liu Ying-Xia , Shang Jia , Xie Shi-Bin , Liu Yi-Qi , Zhang Chi , Wang Gui-Qiang , Zhao Hong ,   China HepB Related Fibrosis Assessment Research Group
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The clinical significance of persistent positive in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) DNA level in patients receiving antiviral therapy is not well known. We investigated factors associated with persistent viremia (PV) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) given 78-week entecavir.

Methods

A total of 394 treatment-naïve CHB patients who had undergone liver biopsy at baseline and week 78 of treatment were analyzed in this prospective multicentre study. We identified patients with PV (above the lower limit of quantification, 20 IU/ml) after 78 weeks of entecavir therapy. Stepwise, forward, multivariate regression analyses of specified baseline parameters were apllied to identify factors associated with PV. Futhermore, we assessed the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in all patients using models of the risk of HCC development.

Results

Of the 394 patients, 90 (22.8%) still with PV after 78-week antiviral treatment. Factors associated significantly with PV (vs complete virological response, CVR) were HBV DNA level ≥8 log10 IU/mL (OR, 3.727; 95% CI, 1.851-7.505; P < 0.001), Anti-HBc level < 3 log10 IU/mL (OR, 2.384; 95% CI, 1.223-4.645; P=0.011), and HBeAg seropositivity (OR, 2.871; 95% CI, 1.563-5.272; P < 0.001). Patients with PV were less likely to have fibrosis progression and HCC development than those with the CVR. Of the 11 HBeAg-positive patients with HBV DNA level ≥8 log10 IU/mL and Anti-HBc level < 3 log10 IU/mL at baseline, 9 (81.8%) had persistent positivity in HBV DNA level and 0 had fibrosis progression at week 78 of treatment.

Discussion

In conclusion, HBV DNA level ≥8 log10 IU/mL, Anti-HBc level < 3 log10 IU/mL and HBeAg seropositivity at baseline contribute to PV in patients with CHB receiving 78-week antiviral treatment. In addition, the rate of fibrosis progression and the risk of HCC development in patients with PV were kept low. The complete protocol for the clinical trial has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01962155 and NCT03568578).
Use of a new non-contrast-enhanced BOOST cardiac MR sequence before electrical cardioversion or ablation of atrial fibrillation—a pilot study
Authors: Orbán Gábor , Dohy Zsófia , Suhai Ferenc Imre , Nagy Anikó Ilona , Salló Zoltán , Boga Márton , Kiss Máté , Kunze Karl , Neji Radhouene , Botnar Rene , Prieto Claudia , Gellér László , Merkely Béla , Vágó Hajnalka , Szegedi Nándor
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus is the most common source of embolization in atrial fibrillation (AF). Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the gold standard method for LAA thrombus exclusion. Our pilot study aimed to compare the efficacy of a new non-contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) sequence (BOOST) with TEE for the detection of LAA thrombus and to evaluate the usefulness of BOOST images for planning radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) compared with left atrial (LA) contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). We also attempted to assess the patients' subjective experiences with TEE and CMR.

Methods

Patients with AF undergoing either electrical cardioversion or RFCA were enrolled. Participants underwent pre-procedural TEE and CMR scans to evaluate LAA thrombus status and pulmonary vein anatomy. Patient experiences with TEE and CMR were assessed using a questionnaire developed by our team. Some patients scheduled for RFCA also had pre-procedural LA contrast-enhanced CT. In such cases, the operating physician was asked to subjectively define the quality of the CT and CMR scan on a scale of 1–10 (1 = worst, 10 = best) and comment on CMR's usefulness in RFCA planning.

Results

Seventy-one patients were enrolled. In 94.4%, both TEE and CMR excluded, and in 1 patient, both modalities reported the presence of LAA thrombus. In 1 patient, TEE was inconclusive, but CMR excluded LAA thrombus. In 2 patients, CMR could not exclude the presence of thrombus, but in 1 of those cases, TEE was also indecisive. During TEE, 67%, during CMR, only 1.9% of patients reported pain (p < 0.0001), and 89% would prefer CMR in case of a repeat examination. The quality of the left atrial contrast-enhanced CT scans was better compared with the image quality of the CMR BOOST sequence [8 (7–9) vs. 6 (5–7), p < 0.0001]. Still, the CMR images were useful for procedural planning in 91% of cases.

Conclusion

The new CMR BOOST sequence provides appropriate image quality for ablation planning. The sequence might be useful for excluding larger LAA thrombi; however, its accuracy in detecting smaller thrombi is limited. Most patients preferred CMR over TEE in this indication.
Seismic velocity structure of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the Tien Shan and its adjacent areas
Authors: Zhang Shengzhong , Zhang Bing , Zhou Ming , Ouyang Longbin
Published: June 2023

The Tien Shan and its adjacent areas have been a prime place to understand the process of continental collision, the mechanism of mountain building and the interaction of tectonic blocks. In this study, we collect seismic data recorded by 74 broad-band stations from the China Provincial Digital Seismic Networks and the Regional Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan Networks between January, 2007 and September, 2009. A joint inversion technique that combines three types of datasets (receiver functions, phase velocities of Rayleigh wave measured from both ambient noise and teleseismic earthquake data) is applied to image the crustal and upper mantle structure beneath the Tien Shan and its adjacent areas. The average crustal thickness in the study area is about 50 km, however, the Moho depth extends to ∼70 km beneath the Kyrgyz Platform near the southwestern Tien Shan. Our velocity models show a good correlation with subsurface geological features at shallow depths: low velocities are predominantly observed beneath the basins due to thick sedimentary layer, whereas high velocities are mainly distributed beneath the mountain ranges due to crystalline basement rocks. In the upper mantle a low velocity zone is obviously observed beneath the western Tien Shan. Both the crust thickness and S wave velocity structure of the Tien Shan and its adjacent regions display obvious horizontal and vertical heterogeneities from west to east, which suggests that the far-field effects of the collision between Eurasian plate and Indian plate plays an important role in the tectonic activity of the Tien Shan. The apparent velocity heterogeneities beneath the northern Tarim Basin may indicate that the Tarim Basin may have been eroded and damaged by upwelling hot materials from the upper mantle.
Impact of an SLC30A8 loss-of-function variant on the pancreatic distribution of zinc and manganese: laser ablation-ICP-MS and positron emission tomography studies in mice
Authors: Firth George , Georgiadou Eleni , Griffiths Alexander , Amrahli Maral , Kim Jana , Yu Zilin , Hu Ming , Stewart Theodora J. , Leclerc Isabelle , Okamoto Haruka , Gomez Daniel , Blower Philip J. , Rutter Guy A.
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Common variants in the SLC30A8 gene, encoding the secretory granule zinc transporter ZnT8 (expressed largely in pancreatic islet alpha and beta cells), are associated with altered risk of type 2 diabetes. Unexpectedly, rare loss-of-function (LoF) variants in the gene, described in heterozygous individuals only, are protective against the disease, even though knockout of the homologous SLC30A8 gene in mice leads to unchanged or impaired glucose tolerance. Here, we aimed to determine how one or two copies of the mutant R138X allele in the mouse SLC30A8 gene impacts the homeostasis of zinc at a whole-body (using non-invasive 62Zn PET imaging to assess the acute dynamics of zinc handling) and tissue/cell level [using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to map the long-term distribution of zinc and manganese in the pancreas].

Methods

Following intravenous administration of [62Zn]Zn-citrate (~7 MBq, 150 μl) in wild-type (WT), heterozygous (R138X+/−), and homozygous (R138X+/+) mutant mice (14–15 weeks old, n = 4 per genotype), zinc dynamics were measured over 60 min using PET. Histological, islet hormone immunohistochemistry, and elemental analysis with LA-ICP-MS (Zn, Mn, P) were performed on sequential pancreas sections. Bulk Zn and Mn concentration in the pancreas was determined by solution ICP-MS.

Results

Our findings reveal that whereas uptake into organs, assessed using PET imaging of 62Zn, is largely unaffected by the R138X variant, mice homozygous of the mutant allele show a substantial lowering (to 40% of WT) of total islet zinc, as anticipated. In contrast, mice heterozygous for this allele, thus mimicking human carriers of LoF alleles, show markedly increased endocrine and exocrine zinc content (1.6-fold increase for both compared to WT), as measured by LA-ICP-MS. Both endocrine and exocrine manganese contents were also sharply increased in R138X+/− mice, with smaller increases observed in R138X+/+ mice.

Discussion

These data challenge the view that zinc depletion from the beta cell is the likely underlying driver for protection from type 2 diabetes development in carriers of LoF alleles. Instead, they suggest that heterozygous LoF may paradoxically increase pancreatic β-cell zinc and manganese content and impact the levels of these metals in the exocrine pancreas to improve insulin secretion.
Staged management of a large ischemic heel ulcer in a diabetes patient: a case report
Authors: Chen Yuedong , Yang Hui , Wang Wei , Chen Yinchen , Jiang Dong , Li Yihui , Li Liyi , Yang Wengbo , Wang Aiping
Published: June 2023

Heel ulcer is one of the severe complications of patients with diabetes mellitus, which poses a high risk for foot infection and amputation, especially in patients with peripheral arterial disease and neuropathy. Researchers have searched for new treatments for treating diabetic foot ulcers in recent years. In this case report, we demonstrated the treatment of large ischemic ulcers for the first time in a diabetic patient. The overall treatment goal of this patient was designed to improve blood supply to her diseased lower extremities and close the ulcer. This two-stage reconstruction approach resulted in an ulcer-free, stable, plantigrade foot at postoperative follow-up.
Spatial heterogeneity and impact scales of driving factors of precipitation changes in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China
Authors: Wei Feili , Liu Dahai , Liang Ze , Wang Yueyao , Shen Jiashu , Wang Huan , Zhang Yajuan , Wang Yongxun , Li Shuangcheng
Published: June 2023

Changes in land surface properties during urbanization have a significant impact on variations in precipitation. Little research has been carried out on spatial heterogeneity and influence strength of the driving factors of precipitation changes at different urbanization scales. Using a trend analysis and multi-scale geographically weighted regression, this study analysed the spatial heterogeneity and impact scale of driving factors of precipitation changes in 156 urban units in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration region (Jing-Jin-Ji). In summer, RAD (radiation), RHU (relative humidity), WIN (wind speed), and POP (urban population density) were found to act on a small regional scale, AOD (aerosol optical depth) on a medium regional scale, and NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), NLI (night time light intensity), UHI (urban heat island intensity), and AREA (urban area size) on a global scale. In winter, AREA and WIN acted on a medium regional scale, UHI on a large regional scale, and AOD, NDVI and NLI on a global scale. Across the whole year, NDVI and AREA had a medium regional impact and NLI a large regional one. Variations in natural factors, such as RAD and RHU, had a great influence on the spatial heterogeneity of precipitation changes, whereas human factors, such as NLI and UHI, had a small influence. In summer, AOD mainly affected Tangshan and Qinhuangdao in the northeast and Cangzhou in the southeast of the Jing-Jin-Ji. RHU and AREA primarily affected the cities of Handan and Xingtai. In winter, NLI, AREA, WIN, and UHI had significant effects in the cities of Handan and Xingtai, with AREA being the most important factor. In the Shijiazhuang-Hengshui area, RAD and NLI played a significant role; in the Beijing-Zhangjiakou-Chengde area, the most important factor affecting precipitation changes was the variation in POP. These results provide a scientific basis for flood disaster risk management in the Jing-Jin-Ji and the establishment of differentiated climate policies in different cities.
Automated CO2 and CH4 monitoring system for continuous estimation of degassing related to hydropower
Authors: Deblois C. P. , Demarty M. , Bilodeau F. , Tremblay A.
Published: June 2023

Reliable measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs is essential for estimating the carbon footprint of the hydropower industry. Among the different emission pathways, degassing downstream of the turbines and spillway is poorly documented mainly because of the safety stakes related to sampling up and downstream the power plants. The alternative being to sample the water from the turbine inside the station, this study aimed to assemble a custom automated CO2 and CH4 monitoring system (SAGES), especially designed for long-term surveys in hydropower facilities, with a special focus on low maintenance requirements. The SAGES combines infrared and laser technologies with a modular programming approach and run with a specifically designed plexiglass equilibration system (PES) that maintain a permanent headspace and avoid clogging by suspended solids. Although the SAGES is based on commercially available devices, it is the first time they are combined and used with the gas equilibrator. To ensure the reliability of the mounting and to control the quality of the readings, the system was tested in laboratory prior to its installation in generating stations. SAGES and PES performances were compared with those of generic devices available on the market although less adapted to the specific deployments targeted. The SAGES gas partial pressure measurements were accurate and linear in the entire range tested: 0 to 5,000 ppm for pCO2 and 0 to 600 and 10,000 ppm for pCH4. Gas PP measurements were comparable to the reference CO2/CH4 sensor and there was no drift during long term deployment. The SAGES/PES installed in 2021 in cascading generating stations of the Romaine complex collected more than 28,000 data points over a 10-month period and required only two maintenances. Results show that the SAGES is a reliable tool that provide long-term CO2 and CH4 dataset in generating stations while requiring minimal energy, care and maintenance. The data collected in turbine water and the recent use of the SAGES in peat land by a collaborative team demonstrate how the SAGES systems can efficiently contribute to the understanding of reservoir carbon cycles.