bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maori Language in Porirua: A Study of Reported Proficiency, Patterns of Use, and Attitudes
Authors:   , Boyce Mary
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the maintenance of Maori language in an urban, working class community. The study presents the results of a survey of the reported Maori language proficiency and patterns of use of Maori residents of Porirua, together with their attitudes to the language and related issues. Porirua, one of four cities in the greater Wellington region, has a Maori population of almost 20% compared with a national figure of 12.4%.

In all, 56 Maori residents of Porirua, both tangata whenua and migrants to the area, were surveyed for this study. The data was collected by interview, using a questionnaire, with local Maori residents as interviewers. The interviews were recorded on audio tape. The respondents were Maori men and women in three age bands (young, middle aged, and elderly), and three social categories (working class, middle class, and kohanga reo parents). A networking procedure, the 'friend of a friend' technique, was used to contact respondents to fill the judgement sample. An analysis of social networks was used in interpreting the data.

The data on the language history and reported Maori language proficiency of the respondents, together with the interlocutors and domains in which Maori was used, were compared with data collected in Porirua 15 years previously by the NZCER as part of a nationwide survey of Maori language use in Maori households. The results show continuing shift to English, with evidence of disruption in intergenerational transmission of Maori; approximately 71% of the respondents with English as their first language had at least one parent who spoke Maori as a first language. An attitude index was prepared for each respondent as a means of examining the overall positive attitudes to Maori in more detail. The results indicate a link between attitude and pronunciation of Maori words occurring in NZE.

A measurement of integration into the Maori community in Porirua, a network strength score, was devised. Links between this and tribe, gender, age, social category, and language proficiency were indicated by the results. Elderly respondents tended to be those reporting highest proficiency in Maori and also high integration. Amongst the younger respondents there is an indication that kohanga reo parents may have an edge on others in terms of spoken proficiency. Women tended to have higher network strength scores, and report higher proficiency.

While, overall, there is evidence that shift to English is progressing in Porirua, there are also hopeful indications that some Maori language maintenance may be present. The results suggest that maintenance initiatives from within the dense and multiplex tangata whenua community would be most likely to succeed.
Postanaesthesia Care Unit Discharge Criteria and Considerations for the Paediatric Patient
Authors: Smith Samantha , Jones Cathie
Published: January 2025

This tutorial aims to summarize current evidence and recommendations for the discharge of pediatric patients in ambulatory settings, discusses common causes of unanticipated admissions, and highlights several medical and surgical conditions that warrant special consideration.
The Analysis of Trip Assignment of Water Trucks as Heavy Vehicles with PTV Visum
Authors: AR Zulfiani , Tuati Ani Adrianti
Published: January 2025

Ketersediaan air bersih menjadi salah satu kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi bagi kelancaran aktivitas manusia. Di Kota Kupang, sebagian masyarakat menyediakan air bersih dengan cara membeli air dari pangkalan air menggunakan sarana transportasi berupa kendaraan berat truk pengangkut air. Pengantaran air ini menggunakan ruas jalan yang dilalui oleh kendaraan lainnya sehingga kendaraan berat tersebut meningkatkan volume lalu lintas, mengurangi kecepatan dan mengurangi kapasitas jalan yang berakhir dengan meningkatnya angka kemacetan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pemilihan rute kendaraan berat truk pengangkut air dengan menggunakan Matriks Asal Tujuan (MAT). Untuk mengetahui sebaran pergerakannya digunakan metode Model Gravity Double Constrained (DCGR) dengan fungsi hambatan eksponensial negative yang menghasilkan model distribusi Tid = Oi.Dd.Ai.Bd.exp(-0,756.Cid) dengan total distrubusi kendaraan dari zona Oebobo, Oebufu, Liliba, Oepura dan Oesapa adalah sebanyak 89 kend/hari  Hasil pembebanan yang diperoleh dari PTV Visum menghasilkan lalu lintas tertinggi dari zona Oebufu ke Oesapa dengan menggunakan rute  Jl. Kejora-Jl. Polisi Militer-Jl. W.J. Lalamentik.
Antioxidant activity of trimethoxy-substituted monocarbonyl analogues of curcumin in experimental Alzheimer’s disease in Wistar rats
Authors: Pozdnyakov D. I. , Vichor A. A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Alzheimer’s disease is a terminal form of dementia, the treatment of which is a significant medical problem, which requires the development of new drugs to correct this condition. Antioxidants may be one of such promising groups.

Aim: To assess the antioxidant properties of monocarbonyl analogues of curcumin in the conditions of experimental Alzheimer’s disease.

Material and Methods. Alzheimer’s disease was modeled in Wistar rats of both genders by injection Aß1-42 aggregates into the CA1 part of the hippocampus of animals. The analyzed compounds are (1E, 4E)-1.5-bis (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) penta1,4-diene-3-one and (1E, 4E)-1.5-bis (2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl) penta-1,4-diene-3-one at a dose of 20 mg/kg orally and the reference donepezil at a dose of 50 mg / kg, orally was administered for 30 days from the moment of surgery. After this time, changes in the activity of endogenous antioxidant defense enzymes: superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were evaluated in rats in hippocampal tissue, and changes in the concentration of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide and active products reacting with 2-thiobarbituric acid were also determined.

Results. During the study, it was shown that the use of the analyzed compounds and the reference contributed to an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in hippocampal tissue in rats. At the same time, in animals (both sexes) treated by (1E, 4E)-1.5-bis (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) penta-1,4-diene-3-one and (1E, 4E)-1.5-bis (2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl) penta-1,4-diene-3-one, the activity of superoxide dismutase was higher (p < 0.05), than in animals treated by donepezil. Also, administration of the analyzed substances, a decrease in the concentration of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide and active products reacting with 2-thiobarbituric acid was found, which was significantly (p < 0.05) lower when donepezil were administered.

Conclusion. The study showed that the monocarbonyl analogues of curcumin have an antioxidant effect in the conditions of experimental Alzheimer’s disease, while surpassing the reference donepezil. Based on the obtained data, it is reasonable to assume the relevance of further studies analyzing monocarbonyl curcuminoids as a remedies of pathogenetic therapy of Alzheimer’s disease.
To bring educational data into Once-Only Technical System (OOTS) using Emrex
Authors: Fridell Tor , Mincer-Daszkiewicz Janina , Bacharach Guido , Drvodelić Igor , Norder Jan Joost , Rautio Kimmo , Vangen Geir Magne , van der Eijk Pim
Published: January 2025

As part of the Single Digital Gateway regulation, the European Commission and the Member States of the European Union are required to implement a Once-Only Technical System for the automated exchange of evidence between competent authorities. SDG requires support for three procedures requiring exchange of educational data. This paper shows that institutions that implemented the EMREX system for student data exchange can successfully use a proof-of-concept implementation of a so-called “bridge” to connect to OOTS without any of the two systems imposing changes on the other. Deployment of a potential future production version of this bridge would greatly decrease the cost and impact of connecting to the OOTS for educational institutions that use EMREX.
Improving the Quality of Student Cards Using AI
Authors: Orel Ognjen , Bajić Filip
Published: January 2025

Using the advantages of being a relatively small county and the existence of a central e-infrastructure institution for academia and research, Croatia fosters multiple national in- formation systems in the higher education (HE) area. This has created the sound ecosystem that has enabled the creation of first nation-wide European Student Card (ESC), among others. Student cards are frequently used daily, mainly because of the student nourish- ment system which is in place in Croatia but also for other purposes. The new student card is also available in the digital format, in a national digital wallet mobile application. However, one of the main identifying principles remains the same – the visual inspection of the student’s photograph. Therefore, it is important to ensure the quality of the future card photograph which is being submitted by the student. In this article, we present the leverage of AI method to improve the quality of those photographs. The method is based on multiple convolutional neural networks (CNNs).
Special Interest Group - a decade of knowledge sharing
Authors: Maltusch Patrik , Suominen Esa , von der Heyde Markus
Published: January 2025

This paper outlines key strategies for establishing and maintaining a Special Interest Group (SIG) that promotes professional development and knowledge sharing. It highlights the importance of a clear mission, the recruitment of passionate members, and the need for management support to enhance learning and networking. A robust communication framework and simplified administration are recommended to keep members engaged and focused on the goals of the SIG. Regular meetings, updates, and newsletters are essential for consistent member engagement. Methods for maintaining direction and fostering a collaborative environment include developing a strategic roadmap and encouraging active participation. The guide also stresses the importance of measuring the group's impact through feedback and adapting accordingly. Furthermore, encouraging collaboration and aiming to advance the field are seen as critical to the SIG's success. By following these tips, one can create a dynamic, collaborative, and impactful SIG.
Creating seamless learner experiences: Towards achieving interoperability in European University Alliances
Authors: Benzinger Bettina , Canellas Lardies Jorge , Lapuente Javier , Knoth Alexander
Published: January 2025

To address the technological, semantical, organisational and legal challenges that currently disrupt a seamless digital teaching and learning experience in Higher Education institutions (HEIs) in Europe, incentivised through the European Commission and embedded in the European Digital Education Hub (EDEH), HE experts have come together in a community of practice to jointly develop an interoperability framework for European University Alliances (EU-A). Access to and participation in manifold digital learning opportunities is a key element of the “Virtual Campus” that is currently under development at each EU-A. The paper has four parts. Firstly, the scene will be set to shed light on interoperability challenges at EU-A. Secondly, the collaborative development approach is explained to underline the importance of an iterative methodology with a high level of community engagement that ideally develops into a sustainable community of practice. Thirdly, a view into the architects’ office illustrates the status quo of the framework development and gives an outlook on the steps to be taken until the end of the project. Finally, lessons learned are reflecting on the so far achievements and practical hurdles that need to be overcome.
Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Course Content Labelling: Conceptual Model and Testing with University Teachers
Authors: Kivimaki Ville , Hautakangas Sami , Järvelä Heli , Maltusch Patrik
Published: January 2025

This study presents a novel approach by investigating the efficacy of an artificial intelligence (AI) -aided tool, Annif, in generating course-specific keywords for university courses. With the increasing number of university courses, there is a need for an effective method to assist students in navigating and selecting courses based on their interests and job market compatibility. The traditional manual keyword approach, while accurate, can be laborious and time-consuming. AI has the potential to automate this process, but it is crucial for teachers to validate the results to ensure accuracy. This study seeks to explore the potential of AI in this context, addressing two key questions: the ability of AI-generated keywords to establish course connections and the reactions of teachers to the use of AI in keyword generation. The results reveal that the AI tool can provide accurate keywords for about 64% of the courses. While teachers found this approach useful, the study highlights the need for teacher validation to ensure the accuracy and appropriateness of the AI-generated data. Therefore, while AI can significantly contribute to keyword generation, human intervention is still indispensable to maintain its quality in the academic context.
Process-oriented approach to develop research data long-term retention service in the research institution
Authors: Harjuniemi Minna , Tenhunen Ville
Published: January 2025

This article presents a process-oriented way to develop long-term retention of research data as a university-level service. In addition to the processes, the article examines the service management model, in which several university units participate. In addition, a straightforward technical solution is presented, which offers service development both horizontally and vertically in the future.
The Scalability of E-learning Platforms: The NAVOICA case
Authors: Kołodziejczak Aleksandra , Wojciechowicz Ewa , Grabias Piotr
Published: January 2025

This article discusses the importance of scalability in e-learning platforms, using the Polish NAVOICA platform as a case study. Scalability adapts a platform’s infrastructure to increasing numbers of users and courses. NAVOICA relies on container technologies, orchestration, microservice architecture, and cloud computing, which ensure its flexibility and security. This positions NAVOICA strongly to address the challenges of modern online education, such as the rising popularity of massive open online courses (MOOCs), expanding user bases, and the increasingly widening array of courses.
Building a Sustainable, Energy-Efficient, and Secure European University using LoRaWAN: Protect your Digital Ecosystem and Enjoy!
Authors: Roussos Georgios , Charidimou Dimos , Petalotis Anastasios , Agorogianni Angeliki
Published: January 2025

This paper sheds light on integrating LoRaWAN technology—a Long-Range and Low- Power, wide-area networking protocol—within the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh) to create a sustainable, energy-efficient, secure European multi-campus university ecosystem. The AUTh project advances asset management and surveillance practices through the IoT with LoRaWAN. This research articulates the project's lifecycle from design to operation, highlighting energy and cost savings alongside enhanced coverage. It emphasizes the system's scalability, with plans to extend the network across five campuses. AUTh showcases the substantial impact and positive outcomes such as increased safety, improved resource management, and alignment with European intelligent and eco-green standards for all HEIs. On the other hand, this case study provides detailed insights into the challenges, solutions, and best practices encountered, serving as a blueprint for educational institutions seeking to employ IoT technologies for enhanced asset management, security, and efficiency. Lastly, this study highlights the transformative impact of the project and, generally, LoRa technology in creating a connected, intelligent educational environment, setting a new standard for IoT applications in Higher Education inside and outside of Europe.
AI-Based Tool for Curriculum-Based Course Timetabling at the University of Potsdam
Authors: Dohrmann Christian , Lucke Ulrike , Schaub Torsten , Schellhorn Sebastian
Published: January 2025

Education is a fundamental component of universities and is linked with the non-trivial possibly time-consuming task of creating suitable timetables for teaching. The correspond- ing problem is known as Curriculum-Based Course Timetabling, which takes into account various constraints while seeking a conflict-free timetable. We addressed this problem by following a knowledge representation and reasoning approach, describing constraints and feasible assignments of courses to time slots. Possible assignments are gathered through a prototypical web interface, and the corresponding constraints are respected by automat- ically finding a timetable using an AI. We discuss the resolved redundancies, time saved and potential future benefits when comparing the traditional and new approach regarding the needs of teachers, students and administration at the University of Potsdam.
2024 and Beyond: Navigating the Digital Shift - Leadership Strategies for the Future of HEIs in Europe
Authors: Roussos Georgios , Agorogianni Angeliki , Salmatzidis Ioannis , Ferrell Gill , Kähkipuro Pekka
Published: January 2025

This study sheds light on HEIs in Europe, focusing on visionary leadership amid the ever- changing digital transformation. The research first sheds light on the trends, challenges, and opportunities in the digital environment and then delves into the strategic stages for digital innovation while addressing barriers such as the digital divide, cyber security, and regulatory complexities. It emphasizes effective data governance and management, supporting clean, timely, and accurate data alongside accurate execution of processes. This integrated approach combines data integrity with procedural consistency, enhancing decision-making and operational efficiency. Finally, it is worth emphasizing that this research's results, approaches, and proposed actions are entirely consistent with the European Union's strategy for digital education, which aims to create inclusive and innovative learning environments that are prepared for the Future.
Migrating a Federated Educational Infrastructure to the Cloud: Lessons Learned from a National Project
Authors: Geßner Hendrik , Bußler Dirk , Nguyen Duy , Zimmermann Holger , Lucke Ulrike
Published: January 2025

The migration of IT services to a cloud infrastructure is complex - depending on the existing service landscape - and requires special awareness. Recommendations and guidelines can help, but must be adapted to the respective context. This article focuses on an example that is research-related and is distributed across institutional boundaries: the prototype of a national networked infrastructure for education currently being developed in Germany. We determine the associated expectations of various stakeholder groups regarding a migration to the cloud, compare these with the current state of the literature and contrast them with our practical experiences gained during the migration. This identifies gaps in existing recommendations that need to be addressed in the future.
Success story – 25 years of digitalization of higher education institutions in Poland
Authors: Mincer-Daszkiewicz Janina
Published: January 2025

The year was 1999. Polish higher education institutions – HEIs (14 in number), with several European partner HEIs, started the Tempus JEP (New Educational Tools) project. The goal was to purchase or develop a student information system (SIS). At this time, only one Polish university had a system of this type with a central database, but it was not suitable for deployment in other HEIs. Other institutions either had separate systems in each dean's office, without a common database, or they had nothing and used Excel on an ad hoc basis. The conclusions from market recognition were not optimistic – there was no central system that could be purchased for everyone with the money available in the project. What to do?

The year is 2024. Polish HEIs (96 in number) are gathered in the University Centre for Informatization (MUCI) consortium† and develop a student information system University Study Oriented System (USOS)‡ for their use. This is a non-profit venture. The USOS system supports all study-related processes, is integrated with other domain systems at the university, and with many central systems in Poland, including systems of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (further referred to as Ministry), as well as with European networks exchanging data on student and staff mobility (EMREX§, Erasmus Without Paper – EWP**, eduGAIN††).

How did it happen that almost 100 HEIs, differing in profile, scientific category, size and form of ownership, jointly develop a tool necessary in everyday operation? This endeavor covers approximately 50% of public HEIs and 23% of all HEIs in Poland, about 67% of students of public HEIs and 47,35% of students of all HEIs in Poland (data is from December 2022, the numbers are higher in 2024), including majority of the top twenty most prestigious Polish HEIs.

The purpose of this article is to present the USOS system and the MUCI consortium, as well as the path that MUCI and USOS have taken between 1999 and 2024. I hope that readers will find inspiration in this story, both at the organizational and technical level. The history of USOS and MUCI shows that taking challenges pays off.
Safety assessment of the process NGR LSP used to recycle post‐consumer PET into food contact materials
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials (FCM), Lambré Claude , Crebelli Riccardo , de Silva Maria , Grob Koni , Milana Maria Rosaria , Pronk Marja , Rivière Gilles , Ščetar Mario , Theodoridis Georgios , Van Hoeck Els , Waegeneers Nadia , Dudler Vincent , Papaspyrides Constantine , de Fátima Tavares Poças Maria , Comandella Daniele , Lioupis Alexandros , Lampi Evgenia
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials (FCM) assessed the safety of the recycling process NGR LSP (EU register number RECYC328). The input is hot washed and dried poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) flakes mainly originating from collected post‐consumer PET containers, with no more than 5% PET from non‐food consumer applications. The flakes are dried (step 2), melted in an extruder (step 3) and decontaminated during a melt‐state polycondensation step under high temperature and vacuum (step 4). In step 5, the material is granulated. Having examined the challenge test provided, the Panel concluded that the melt‐state polycondensation (step 4) is critical in determining the decontamination efficiency of the process. The operating parameters to control the performance of step 4 are the pressure, the temperature, the residence time and the characteristics of the reactor. It was demonstrated that this recycling process ensures that the level of migration of potential unknown contaminants into food is below the conservatively modelled migration of 0.0481 or 0.0962 μg/kg food, depending on the molar mass of a contaminant substance. Therefore, the Panel concluded that the recycled PET obtained from this process is not of safety concern, when used at up to 100% for the manufacture of materials and articles for contact with all types of foodstuffs, including drinking water, for long‐term storage at room temperature or below, with or without hot‐fill. Articles made of this recycled PET are not intended to be used in microwave and conventional ovens and such uses are not covered by this evaluation.
Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus Tanılı Hastalarda Nonalkolik Yağlı Karaciğer Hastalığının Diabetin Süresi ve Diabetin Kronik Komplikasyonları İle İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kahraman Denizhan Tuğba , Kaya Ahmet
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Çalışmamızda, tip 2 diabetes mellitus tanılı hastaların nonalkolik yağlı karaciğer hastalığı sıklığı; hepatosteatoz gelişimi ile diyabet
süresi, kronik komplikasyonlar, laboratuvar ve klinik parametreler arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kasım 2017-Şubat 2018 arası tarihlerde, Tip 2 diabetes mellitus tanısı ile takipli herhangi nedenle üst abdomen
ultrasonografisi istenen hastalar dahil edilmiş, alkol kullanımı, hepatit, malignite, gebelik ve belirli ilaç kullanımları dışlanmıştır. Hastaların
klinik-demografik bilgileri, antropometrik ölçümleri ve diyabetin kronik komplikasyonları kaydedilmiştir.
Bulgular: Dahil edilen hastaların yaş ortalaması 56,1±11,3 yıl olup %45,5’i erkek, %54,5’i kadındı. Hastaların %66,5’inde hepatosteatoz
saptandı ve bu oran kadınlarda erkeklere göre daha yüksekti (%72,5 vs %59,3, p=0,05). Hepatosteatoz olan grupta beden kütle indeksi ve
kilo değerleri daha yüksek bulunurken (sırasıyla p
Depremzedelerde İç Huzur ve Öz-Eleştirel Ruminasyonun Gelecek Zaman Algısında Yordayıcı Rolü
Authors: Elkoca Ayse , Ayar Duygu , Polat Filiz , Aksu Çiğdem
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Bireylerin yaşanan olumsuz durumlardan kurtulmaları, deprem öncesi normal yaşama dönmeleri, geleceğe yönelik planlarını
yapmalarında ve hedeflerini belirlemelerinde gelecek zaman algıları önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı depremzedelerde iç
huzur ve özeleştirel ruminasyonun zaman algısında yordayıcı rolünü belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma Ekim 2023- Şubat 2024 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin doğusunda 6 Şubat depreminden etkilenmiş 11
ilde yaşayan 381 birey ile yürütüldü. Veriler “Kişisel Bilgi Formu ”, “İç Huzur Ölçeği”, “Öz Eleştirel Ruminasyon Ölçeği” ve “Gelecek Zaman Perspektifi Ölçeği” ile online olarak toplandı. Verilerin istatistiksel analizlerinde SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 26.0 paket
programı kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan depremzedelerin %81.7’sinin 18-39 yaş aralığında ve 80.6’sının kadın olduğu belirlendi. İHÖ (İç Huzur
Ölçeği), İHÖ alt boyutları “Kaybın kabulü” ve “Aşan Hedonizm ve Materyalizm” arasında negatif yönde, “İç denge/Sakinlik” arasında ise
pozitif yönde yüksek düzeyde korelasyon belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca İHÖ ile ÖERÖ (Öz Eleştirel Ruminasyon Ölçeği) arasında ve İHÖ ile GZPÖ
(Gelecek Zaman Perspektifi Ölçeği) arasında pozitif yönde yüksek düzeyde korelasyon belirlenmiştir. İHÖ ile GZPÖ alt boyutları “Fırsatlara
odaklanma” ve “Sınırlamalara odaklanma” arasında da pozitif yönde yüksek düzeyde korelasyon belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Depremzedelerin iç huzurları artışı, iç dengeyi artırırken, kaybın kabulü, hayattan zevk alma ve materyalist düşünceyi azalttı. İç
huzur artışı, öz eleştirel ruminasyonu ve gelecek zaman perspektifi alt ölçeklerinden fırsatlara ve sınırlara odaklanmayı artırdı. Öz eleştirel
ruminasyon ve gelecek zaman perspektifi artışı da gelecek zaman perspektifi alt ölçeklerinden fırsatlara ve sınırlara odaklanmayı artırdı.
Depremzedelerin psikolojik iyi hallerini artırabilmek için, iç huzurlarını, gelecek zaman perspektiflerini artırmak ve ruminatif düşüncelerini
azaltmak için müdahale ve longitudinal çalışmaları yapılabilir
TSPO’nun (18 kDa Translokatör Protein) Yapısı, İşlevi ve Patolojik Süreçlerdeki Rolü
Authors: Elma Yusuf , Yılmaz Can Emine
Published: January 2025

Farmakolojik ve yapısal olarak santral benzodiazepin reseptörlerinden farklı olan TSPO, ilk olarak böbrekte diazepam için bağlanma alanı
olarak keşfedilmiş ve beyin dışı yerleşimi nedeniyle “periferik benzodiazepin reseptörü” olarak tanımlanmıştır. Daha sonra periferik dokularla
birlikte merkezi sinir sistemindeki glial hücreler, endotelyal hücreler ve bazı nöron popülasyonlarında da yüksek oranda bulunduğu tespit
edildiğinden bu protein, “18 kDa Translokatör Protein (18 kDa TSPO)’’ olarak yeniden adlandırılmıştır. Mitokondri dış zarında yerleşik olan
TSPO, hücre içindeki konumu itibariyle kolestrolün mitokondriye taşınmasını sağlayarak steroid sentezi, proliferasyon, inflamasyon ve apopitoz gibi birçok önemli süreçte rol oynamaktadır. TSPO’nun farklı patolojilerdeki etkilerinin araştırılması amacıyla Ro5-4864 ve PK11195
başta olmak üzere çeşitli TSPO ligandları kullanılmaktadır. TSPO ve ligandları; Alzheimer hastalığı (AH), frontotemporal demans, multipl
skleroz, Huntington hastalığı, amyotrofik lateral skleroz ve Parkinson hastalığı gibi nörodejeneratif hastalıkların tanı ve tedavisinde önemli
farmakolojik hedefler haline gelmiştir. Ayrıca hücre çoğalmasında öncül proteinlerin mitokondriye taşınmasında da görevli olduğundan bazı
malignitelerdeki etkileri de incelenmektedir. Çalışmamızda TSPO’nun çeşitli fizyopatolojik süreçlerdeki rolleri ele alınarak potansiyel tanı ve
tedavi hedefi olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Anjiografi Yapılan ve Normal Koroner Arterler Gözlenen Stabil Anjina Pektorisli Hastalarda Koroner Yavaş Akımın Prediktörü Olarak ABO Kan Grupları
Authors: Köktürk Uğur , Serin Talha , Topuz Fatma Tuğçe , Işık Berkay , Eken Ayşe Nur , Ataç Abdülkadir , Altıntaş Nazende , Çağlardağ Rabia , Balık Kübra , Avşar Zeynep İsmihan , Özgüler Esra , Gündoğan İpek Naz
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Çalışmada stabil anjina pektoris tanısıyla koroner anjıografi yapılan ve normal koroner arter bulunan hastalarda koroner yavaş
akımla ABO kan grupları arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya stabil anjina pektoris tanısıyla koroner anjiografi yapılan ve normal koroner arter saptanan 203 hasta
retrospektif olarak alınmıştır. Hastalar yavaş akım ve normal akım gözlenen olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. ABO kan grupları ve koroner yavaş
akım arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Yavaş akım gözlenen gruptaki hastalar kontrol grubuna göre daha ileri yaştaydı (p=0,049). Yavaş akım gözlenen grupta kontrol
grubuna göre anlamlı olarak 0 kan grubu, 0 olmayan kan gruplarına göre daha düşük gözlenmesine rağmen, A kan grubu, A olmayan
kan grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek gözlenmiştir (sırasıyla p=0,024 karşı p=0,038). Çok değişkenli analiz, stabil anjina pektoris
ile başvuran koroner anjiyografi yapılan ve koroner arterleri normal olan hastalarda A kan grubunun, koroner yavaş akışın bağımsız bir
belirleyicisi olarak pozitif ilişkili olduğunu belirlemesine rağmen 0 kan grubunun ters ilişkili olduğunu gösterdi. (sırasıyla, OR: 2,226; 95%
CI:1,067-4,646; p=0,033, OR=0,836; %95CI=0,451-0,957; p=0,042).
Sonuç: Bu çalışma stabil anjina pektoris tanısı alıp koroner anjiografi yapılan ve normal koroner arter saptanan hastalarda koroner yavaş
akım ile ABO kan grupları arasında ilişki olabileceğini göstermiştir. Ek olarak, A kan grubunun bu hastalarda koroner yavaş akımın bağımsız
öngördürücüsü olduğunu tespit etmiştir.
DESTABILIZATION OF THE MANIPUR STATE AND THE ROLE OF MYANMAR REFUGEES BEHIND THE ARTIFICIALLY ENGINEERED VIOLENCE
Authors: Ningthilsana Chingangbam , Shukla Arvind Shanker
Published: January 2025

The destabilization of Manipur is because of breaking the Suspension of Operation ground rules by Kuki’s militants that was signed between the central, state, and Kuki’s groups in 2008. The sudden increase in Kuki’s Population happens after this agreement by bringing huge illegal immigrants from Myanmar to Manipur, India. Building a huge population, using them for poppy cultivation, engaging in drugs and arms trafficking, making huge demographic changes in the Manipur state, and posing a threat to the indigenous people. Manipur is very close to the Golden Triangle and it has an ancient gateway to the Southeast Asian nations through Moreh town. This paper is based on primary data and used secondary data from local papers and journals. The state government is afraid that some hill parts of the state may fall under this region. Districts like Churchandpur, Tengnoupal, Kamjong, and Ukhrul have practiced the highest poppy cultivation followed by other hill districts. The central government decided to start border fencing to stop illegal infiltration and terminate the Free Movement Regime (FMR) which allows both citizens to enter up to 16 km without any proper document but was opposed by other north-eastern states due to its own interest. Temporary refugee camps are set up in the hill districts of Manipur.
Research trends in digital marketing and data-driven marketing: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Kara Tuğçe Acar , Orman Ferhat
Published: January 2025

The accelerated development of digital technologies and the Internet stimulates the transition from the traditional to the digital model of marketing. The study presents a bibliometric analysis to examine international publications in the field of digital marketing (DM) and data-driven marketing (DDM) with a holistic approach, determine the current level of research interest in the topic under review and identify key development trends. The fundamental principles of bibliometrics and scientometric management constitute the methodological framework of the paper. Among the research methods applied are statistical and scientometric analyses. The data used in the study were retrieved from the Web of Science. Bibliometric analysis was carried out with 1,541 and 58 articles on digital and data-driven marketing, respectively. The data set covers the period of 2006–2024, when the first study on digital marketing emerged, and the period of 2003–2024 for data-driven marketing. The obtained data were processed using the R Project. The findings indicate a constantly growing research interest in the concepts under consideration. We have identified journals with most publications on digital marketing (Sustainability) and data-driven marketing (Journal of Business Research); established the countries publishing most studies on DM (USA) and DDM (China); and revealed the most frequently used keywords in DM (‘impact’) and DDM (‘management’). The results of keywords’ occurrence analysis were utilized to create thematic maps for visualizing motor, niche, basic and emerging/declining research areas in the field of digital and data driven marketing.
Studying strategic behaviour of small industrial enterprises in the context of the organizational and industry life cycle concepts
Authors: Vaisman Elena D. , Pylaeva Irina S. , Podshivalova Maria V.
Published: January 2025

Unlike large corporations whose business patterns have been extensively studied and categorized, there is a lack of research on small business strategies, leaving them largely unexplored. The article explores the strategic behaviour of small industrial enterprises in Russia within the organizational and industry life cycle concept. The research methodology is based on strategic management theory and the concept of the life cycle. The research methods include panel data analysis, the Beta coef f icient calculation, and the matrix method. The information base is the reporting data of 134 small enterprises from industries at different stages of the life cycle: metal casting (growth) and newspaper printing (maturity). Statistics for analysis were obtained from the SPARK Interfax database for the period of 1999–2021. We identified three types of strategic behaviour (‘aggressive’, ‘de fender’, and ‘counterstrategy’) and assessed their prevalence among small enterprises in the two industries under consideration. The results showed that mature small enterprises with an ‘aggressive’ intuitively strategic behaviour are the predominant type of business in a mature industry, while for small enterprises in a growing industry ‘defender’ and ‘counterstrategy’ are the prevalent strategies at all the life cycle stages. This paradox additionally proves the validity of our idea of the intuitively strategic behaviour of small businesses. Our findings contribute to the development of the SME life cycle theory and strategic management, can be used to adjust industry policy and government support measures, and can also be of interest to managers of small enterprises.
Models of technological development: The influence of investment structure
Authors: Glazunova Vilhelmina V. , Sukharev Oleg S.
Published: January 2025

The problem of refining Russia’s model of economic development through achieving the technological sovereignty dictates the need for making strategic decisions within the investment policy of economic growth. The paper aims to determine the models of technological modernisation according to the structure of investments in “old – new” technologies and develop an algorithm for identifying these models by assessing the relationship between investment and risk. Methodologically, the study rests on the theory of technological change. The paper employs elements of structural, statistical, regression and econometric analysis, as well as applies taxonomy methods to pinpoint various options for investment and technological modernisation models. T he evidence is the data on the investment in fixed assets and expenditures on tech nological innovations for 2010–2022 coming from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation. The result is the identification of a model of technological modernisation in the Russian economy according to the structure of investments in “old – new” technologies and the sensitivity of the general technological intensity to investments. The paper distinguishes four general strategies of technological devel opment by the impact of expenditures on the dynamics of technological intensity, namely “leadership”, “breakthrough”, “giving up”, and “degradation”. Then, accord ing to the impact of investment in new technologies on technological modernisation it justifies the models “blockage”, “rigidity”, “modernisation”, “saturation”, and, in a similar manner, validates the models “degradation”, “backwardness”, “reliance on old technologies”, “reliance on new technologies” according to the impact of investment in old technologies on technological modernisation. The paper constructs a theoreti cal model of the connection between investment and risk, institutional parameters of investment process. The findings reveal that the Russian economy follows the model of backwardness with local technological innovations, which requires a massive in crease in investment in new technologies, mitigation of risks, and modification of institutional conditions.
Digitalisation and jobs: The case of organisations in the Vitebsk area of Belarus
Authors: Vankevich Alena V. , Kalinouskaya Iryna N.
Published: January 2025

A two and a half increase in the number of vacancies in the Republic of Belarus does not correlate with the dynamics of the main macroeconomic indicators for 2000–2022, such as GDP index and CPI, volumes of industrial and agricultural production, investment, real wages, which may signify an ambiguous impact of digitalisation on the quantity of jobs and their content. Lack of insight into the reasons behind organisations generating admittedly oversized number of vacancies leads to making irrelevant decisions on the regulation of the labour market. The paper aims to determine the impact of digitalisation on the quantity of jobs and their content in Belarus. Methodologically, the paper rests on the theoretical approaches of labour economics. The methods of comparative analysis, descriptive statistics and a ques tionnaire method are used. The evidence is the data on digitalisation of the Belarusian economy for 2022–2023, as well as the results of the anonymous survey of the heads and specialists of HR departments in 68 organisations located in the Vitebsk oblast, which was conducted in January–March 2024. The research reveals a varying impact of the form of ownership, size of an organisation, and types of economic activity on the change in staff numbers in the context of digitalisation. In addition, a significant growth in the number of jobs is not accompanied by the alteration of the job content conditioned by the digitalisation. The findings may help adjust the estimates of labour demand in the Belarusian economy. Shifting emphasis from the quantity of jobs on the job content (resposibilities, competencies) will improve labour productivity due to the adaptation of business processes and development of digital skills.
Database formation in the R software environment: experience of economic research at the municipal level
Authors: Prokopyev E.A. , Igolkin V.A.
Published: January 2025

The absence or long lag of publication of official statistics on the level of so cio-economic development of territories forces researchers to turn to alternative data sourc es arising because of the rapid development of digital technologies. Programming language R is required to work with these datasets. The purpose of the paper is to acquaint readers with the capabilities of the R software environment when forming a municipal database for socio-economic research from various sources. The following data sources are considered here Rosstat database “Indicators of Municipalities”; 5-NDFL tax report form, web sources of the Federal Tax Service, website of the Central Electoral Commission of the Russian Federation, TurgetHunter service. As part of the preparatory stage of database creation, it is shown which parameters must be taken into account when creating an auxiliary key table. Using the example of working with data, the functions left_join(), pivot_longer(), fill(), group_by(), arrange(), summarize(), separate() are analyzed. The presented material can be used to develop educational tasks within the framework of the disciplines “Basics of Statis tics” or “Data Analysis”, as well as to prepare a statistical base for research into socio-eco nomic processes at the municipal level.
Research of the two-criteria estimation method for linear regression models
Authors: Bazilevskiy M.P.
Published: January 2025

The paper is devoted to the research of the two-criteria estimation method for linear regressions. The first criterion corresponds to the least absolute deviations, the second – to the non-strict ordinary least squares. The implementation of the method requires solving a two-criteria linear programming problem, the solution of which involves the formation of a Pareto set. The main goal of the article was to research how the normalization of the initial variables affects the formation of the Pareto set. For this, two samples were used. The first was created artificially and contains an outlier. The second was formed on the basis of real economic data. In both cases, when normalizing the variables, the Pareto set turned out to be more representative than when working with non-normalized indicators. The example with an outlier illustrates the robustness of the least absolute deviations and the anti-robust ness of the ordinary least squares. It is shown how, based on the predicted values of the explained variable, it is possible to choose the optimal Pareto vertex.
Modeling of flows under dams using the method of singular points
Authors: Petrov N.P. , Petrova S.N. , Korzhavina N.V.
Published: January 2025

Today, the relevance of issues related to regular and safe water supply for human beings, society and the economy is beyond doubt. One of the main ways to store and man age water resources is the construction and operation of dams. The most important task of sustainable existence and development of reservoir projects is dam safety. To ensure this, theoretical research, creation of mathematical and computer models of the physical phe nomena and engineering structures under study are necessary. The paper proposes methods for constructing flows in the middle sections of a dam with a linear filtration law by ap propriately placing special flow points and applying conformal transformations. Filtration f lows with different outlines of impermeable floodplain, flows under a dam with filters in homogeneously isotropic and heterogeneously anisotropic soils are considered.
Improved Backpropagation Using Genetic Algorithm for Prediction of Anomalies and Data Unavailability
Authors: Widi Nurcahyo Gunadi , Akbari Wafridh  , Yuhandri
Published: January 2025

Anomalies and data unavailability are significant challenges in conducting surveys, affecting the validity, reliability, and accuracy of analysis results. Various methods address these issues, including the Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN) for data prediction. However, BPNN can get stuck in local minima, resulting in suboptimal error values. To enhance BPNN's effectiveness, this study integrates Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization, forming the BPGA method. GA is effective in finding optimal parameter solutions and improving prediction accuracy. This research uses data from the 2022 National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) in Solok District to compare the prediction performance of BPNN, Multiple Imputation (MI), and BPGA methods. The comparison involves training the models with a subset of the data and testing their predictions on a separate subset. The BPGA method demonstrates superior accuracy, with the lowest mean squared error (MSE) and highest average accuracy, outperforming both BPNN and MI methods.
Comparative Analysis of Gradient Descent Learning Algorithms in Artificial Neural Networks for Forecasting Indonesian Rice Prices
Authors: Rica Ramadana  , Agus Perdana Windarto  , Dedi Suhendro
Published: January 2025

Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are a field of computer science that mimics the way the human brain processes data. ANNs can be used to classify, estimate, predict, or simulate new data from similar sources. The commonly used algorithm for prediction in ANN is Backpropagation, which yields high accuracy but tends to be slow during the training process and is prone to local minima. To address these issues, appropriate parameters are needed in the Backpropagation training process, such as an optimal learning function. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare various learning functions within the Backpropagation algorithm to determine the best one for prediction cases. The learning functions evaluated include Gradient Descent Backpropagation (traingd), Gradient Descent with Adaptive Learning Rate (traingda), and Gradient Descent with Momentum and Adaptive Learning Rate (traingdx). The dataset used is the average wholesale rice price in Indonesia, obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) website. The evaluation results show that the traingdx learning function with a 5-5-1 architecture model achieves the highest accuracy of 83.33%, representing an 8.3% improvement over the traingd and traingda learning functions, which both achieved a maximum accuracy of 75%. Based on this study, it can be concluded that using various learning functions in Backpropagation yields better accuracy compared to standard Backpropagation.
A Quantum Perceptron: A New Approach for Predicting Rice Prices at the Indonesian Wholesale Trade Level
Authors: Solikhun  , Yunita Tri
Published: January 2025

The wholesale rice trade in Indonesia encounters various challenges in forecasting prices. These challenges are influenced by factors such as weather, government policies, global market conditions, and other economic variables. Accurate price predictions are crucial for informing government policy in a timely manner. This research introduces a new approach that utilizes the Quantum Perceptron algorithm to forecast rice prices. The algorithm, an innovative method in quantum computing, is expected to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of price predictions. Although the research is still in the analytical stage, the use of Quantum Perceptron shows promise in dynamically addressing the complexity of market data and the variability of factors affecting rice prices. The method focuses on developing models that can leverage quantum computing to process information more effectively than classical methods. By harnessing the unique properties of quantum mechanics, such as superposition and entanglement, Quantum Perceptron can identify complex patterns and optimize predictions of future rice prices. The research describes the implementation of quantum algorithms in the context of the Indonesian rice wholesale market, including the technical challenges encountered and future development prospects. The research utilizes quantum computing along with the perceptron algorithm. The researchers focused on analyzing the quantum perceptron algorithm because of the limited availability of quantum computing devices. The findings of this research are confined to analysis. In order to advance this research, the author recommends that future studies employ quantum devices to achieve more accurate predictions