bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Approach to the Generation of Orthoimages of Cultural Heritage Objects—Integrating TLS and Image Data
Authors: Markiewicz Jakub , Podlasiak Piotr , Zawieska Dorota
Published: December 2015

This paper discusses the issue of automation of orthoimage generation based on Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) data and digital images. The following two problems are discussed: automatic generation of projection planes based on TLS data, and automatic orientation of digital images in relation to TLS data. The majority of popular software applications use manual definitions of projection planes. However, the authors propose an original software tool to address the first issue, which defines important planes based on a TLS point cloud utilizing different algorithms (RANdom SAmple Consensus–RANSAC, Hough transform, “region growing”). To address the second task, the authors present a series of algorithms for automated digital image orientation in relation to a point cloud. This is important in cases where scans and images are acquired from different places and at different times. The algorithms utilize Scale Invariant Feature Transform(SIFT) operators in order to find points that correspond in reflectance intensity between coloure images (Red Green Blue—RGB) and orthoimages, based on TLS data. The paper also presents a verification method using SIFT and Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF) operators. The research results in an original tool and applied Computer Vision(CV) algorithms that improve the process of orthoimage generation.
Development of Phage Lysin LysA2 for Use in Improved Purity Assays for Live Biotherapeutic Products
Authors: Dreher-Lesnick Sheila , Schreier Jeremy , Stibitz Scott
Published: December 2015

Live biotherapeutic products (LBPs), commonly referred to as probiotics, are typically preparations of live bacteria, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species that are considered normal human commensals. Popular interest in probiotics has been increasing with general health benefits being attributed to their consumption, but there is also growing interest in evaluating such products for treatment of specific diseases. While over-the-counter probiotics are generally viewed as very safe, at least in healthy individuals, it must be remembered that clinical studies to assess these products may be done in individuals whose defenses are compromised, such as through a disease process, immunosuppressive clinical treatment, or an immature or aging immune system. One of the major safety criteria for LBPs used in clinical studies is microbial purity, i.e., the absence of extraneous, undesirable microorganisms. The main goal of this project is to develop recombinant phage lysins as reagents for improved purity assays for LBPs. Phage lysins are hydrolytic enzymes containing a cell binding domain that provides specificity and a catalytic domain responsible for lysis and killing. Our approach is to use recombinant phage lysins to selectively kill target product bacteria, which when used for purity assays will allow for outgrowth of potential contaminants under non-selective conditions, thus allowing an unbiased assessment of the presence of contaminants. To develop our approach, we used LysA2, a phage lysin with reported activity against a broad range of Lactobacillus species. We report the lytic profile of a non-tagged recombinant LysA2 against Lactobacillus strains in our collection. We also present a proof-of-concept experiment, showing that addition of partially purified LysA2 to a culture of Lactobacillus jensenii (L. jensenii) spiked with low numbers of Escherichia coli (E. coli) or Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ) effectively eliminates or knocks down L. jensenii, allowing for clear detection of the contaminating strains. With continued identification and characterization of phage lysins, we hope that the use of recombinant phage lysins in purity assays for products containing live microbials may offer additional tools to help advance product development of LBPs.
Relative Bioavailability of Niacin Supplements for Dairy Cows: Effects of Rumen Protection and of Feed Processing
Authors: Tienken Reka , Kersten Susanne , Hüther Liane , Frahm Jana , Meyer Ulrich , Dänicke Sven
Published: December 2015

The present study aimed to examine the effective systemic bioavailability of niacin— with particular focus on its galenic form—and feed processing. Experiment 1 was conducted with 35 dairy cows to investigate the effects of various doses of oral supplemented nicotinic acid (NA) either in differing galenic forms (non-rumen protected (nRP) vs. rumen protected form (RP)) on serum niacin concentrations. Experiment 2 was designed as a pharmacokinetic study examining the serum niacin kinetics over 24 h after giving a single oral bolus of 24 g nRP or RP NA admixed in either pelleted or ground concentrate. In both experiments, only the niacin vitamer nicotinamide (NAM) was detected. Results of experiment 1 showed that both galenic forms at a dose of 24 g/cow daily elevated NAM concentrations at the beginning of the experiment. Despite a daily supplementation, NAM concentrations decreased continuously towards the end of the experiment which was more steeply in nRP NA (p = 0.03). On experimental day 21, NAM concentrations were higher when feeding RP NA (p = 0.03) and the highest dose (24 g/day and cow) (p < 0.01). Results of experiment 2 indicated that nRP and RP were characterized by similar pharmacokinetic profiles resulting in similar areas under the curves as a net result of the kinetic counterbalancing alterations. Pelleting seemed not to influence the relative bioavailability.
Spheroid Formation and Evaluation of Hepatic Cells in a Three-Dimensional Culture Device
Authors: Miyamoto Yoshitaka , Ikeuchi Masashi , Noguchi Hirofumi , Yagi Tohru , Hayashi Shuji
Published: December 2015

In drug discovery, it is very important to evaluate liver cells within an organism. Compared to 2D culture methods, the development of 3D culture techniques for liver cells has been successful in maintaining long-term liver functionality with the formation of a hepatic-specific structure. The key to performing drug testing is the establishment of a stable in vitro evaluation system. In this article, we report a Tapered Stencil for Cluster Culture (TASCL) device developed to create liver spheroids in vitro. The TASCL device will be applied as a toxicity evaluation system for drug discovery. The TASCL device was created with an overall size of 10 mm × 10 mm, containing 400 microwells with a top aperture (500 μm × 500 μm) and a bottom aperture (300 μm diameter circular) per microwell. We evaluated the formation, recovery, and size of HepG2 spheroids in the TASCL device. The formation and recovery were both nearly 100%, and the size of the HepG2 spheroids increased with an increase in the initial cell seeding density. There were no significant differences in the sizes of the spheroids among the microwells. In addition, the HepG2 spheroids obtained using the TASCL device were alive and produced albumin. The morphology of the HepG2 spheroids was investigated using FE-SEM. The spheroids in the microwells exhibited perfectly spherical aggregation. In this report, by adjusting the size of the microwells of the TASCL device, uniform HepG2 spheroids were created, and the device facilitated more precise measurements of the liver function per HepG2 spheroid. Our TASCL device will be useful for application as a toxicity evaluation system for drug testing.
Cryopreservation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Miyagi-Shiohira Chika , Kurima Kiyoto , Kobayashi Naoya , Saitoh Issei , Watanabe Masami , Noguchi Yasufumi , Matsushita Masayuki , Noguchi Hirofumi
Published: December 2015

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into cells of mesodermal origin such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, myocytes, and chondrocytes. They possess an immunosuppressive effect, which makes them a viable cell population for the cell-based therapy of treatment-resistant immune diseases. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have been demonstrated to have the ability to acquire the properties of subcutaneous adipose tissue particularly easily, and cryopreservation is currently performed as a routine method for preserving ASCs to safely acquire large numbers of cells. However, many studies have reported that cellular activity after freezing and thawing may be affected by the solutions used for cryopreservation. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is commonly used as a cryopreservation medium as it diffuses into the cell through the plasma membrane and protects the cells from the damage caused by freezing. As substitutes for DMSO or animal-derived serum, cell banker series, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sericin and maltose, and methyl cellulose (MC) have been investigated for their clinical applications. It is critical to develop a reliable cell cryopreservation protocol for regenerative medicine using MSCs.
Recent advances in copper-catalyzed asymmetric coupling reactions
Authors: Zhou Fengtao , Cai Qian
Published: December 2015

Copper-catalyzed (or -mediated) asymmetric coupling reactions have received significant attention over the past few years. Especially the coupling reactions of aryl or alkyl halides with nucleophiles became a very powerful tool for the formation of C–C, C–N, C–O and other carbon–heteroatom bonds as well as for the construction of heteroatom-containing ring systems. This review summarizes the recent progress in copper-catalyzed asymmetric coupling reactions for the formation of C–C and carbon–heteroatom bonds.
Inclusion complexes of 2-methoxyestradiol with dimethylated and permethylated β-cyclodextrins: models for cyclodextrin–steroid interaction
Authors: Caira Mino R , Bourne Susan A , Samsodien Halima , Smith Vincent J
Published: December 2015

The interaction between the potent anticancer agent 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME) and a series of cyclodextrins (CDs) was investigated in the solid state using thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction, while the possibility of enhancing its poor aqueous solubility with CDs was probed by means of equilibrium solubility and dissolution rate measurements. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of the inclusion complexes between 2ME and the derivatised cyclodextrins heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-CD (DIMEB) and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-CD (TRIMEB) revealed for the first time the nature of the encapsulation of a bioactive steroid by representative CD host molecules. Inclusion complexation invariably involves insertion of the D-ring of 2ME from the secondary side of each CD molecule, with the 17-OH group generally hydrogen bonding to a host glycosidic oxygen atom within the CD cavity, while the A-ring and part of the B-ring of 2ME protrude from the secondary side. In the case of the TRIMEB·2ME complex, there is evidence that complexation proceeds with mutual conformational adaptation of host and guest molecules. The aqueous solubility of 2ME was significantly enhanced by CDs, with DIMEB, TRIMEB, randomly methylated β-CD and hydroxypropyl-β-CD being the most effective hosts. The 2:1 host–guest β-CD inclusion complex, prepared by two methods, yielded very rapid dissolution in water at 37 °C relative to untreated 2ME, attaining complete dissolution within 15 minutes (co-precipitated complex) and 45 minutes (complex from kneading).
QUALITY CERTIFICATION AND COMPANY PERFORMANCE – THE NEWLY DEVELOPED COUNTRY EXPERIENCE
Authors: ISLAM Mohammad Mazharul , HABES Essam , KARIM Azharul , SYED AGIL Syed Omar bin
Published: December 2015

This study investigates the impacts of ISO 9001:2008 certification on companies in Malaysia. Data were collected from CEOs and managers through a questionnaire survey. A multivariate analysis and SPSS macro were used as statistical techniques to assess the effects of ISO 9001 certification. Results of the study indicate that ISO 9001 certified companies were having significantly greater benefits and financial performance compared to non-certified companies. However, no significant direct relationship between ISO 9001 certification and company's financial performance was found. A further investigation revealed that financial performance is actually directly related to quality and local and international business performance, which are significantly influenced by ISO 9001 certification. Therefore quality and business performances are involved in the mediational process between the financial performance of companies and ISO 9001 certification. The novelty of this research lies in the establishment of, for the first time, high level statistical relationship between ISO 9001 certification, its mediating factors and financial performance of companies.
Does Concomitant Methotrexate with Adalimumab Influence Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis? Data from a Large Observational Study
Authors: Behrens Frank , Koehm Michaela , Arndt Uta , Wittig Bianca M. , Greger Gerd , Thaçi Diamant , Scharbatke Eva , Tony Hans-Peter , Burkhardt Harald
Published: December 2015

Objective.

To examine the influence of concomitant methotrexate (MTX) with adalimumab (ADA) on outcomes in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) using data from an observational study of ADA.

Methods.

Data from a German noninterventional study of patients with PsA starting treatment with ADA were analyzed retrospectively for effects of concomitant MTX on key outcomes, including Disease Activity Score-28 joints, tender and swollen joint counts, skin assessments, and safety. Patients were categorized into those with symptoms of axial involvement and those with no symptoms of axial involvement as judged by the examining clinician.

Results.

A total of 1455 patients met the study criteria, 296 with axial involvement (ADA monotherapy = 165; plus MTX = 131) and 1159 with no axial involvement (ADA monotherapy = 658; plus MTX = 501). ADA, alone or combined with MTX, resulted in strong and comparable reductions in disease activity measures in patients with and those without axial disease over 24 months of therapy. In multiple regression analyses, concomitant MTX did not affect joint or skin outcomes in either the group with axial manifestations or the group without axial disease. Neither adverse event rates nor withdrawal rates were significantly influenced by concomitant MTX.

Conclusion.

ADA is an effective treatment option for patients with PsA with or without axial involvement. Compared with ADA monotherapy, the use of concomitant MTX with ADA does not improve articular or skin outcomes in patients with PsA regardless of axial symptoms. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.govNCT01111240
Anti-carbamylated Protein Antibody Levels Correlate with Anti-Sa (Citrullinated Vimentin) Antibody Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Challener Gregory J. , Jones Jonathan D. , Pelzek Adam J. , Hamilton B. JoNell , Boire Gilles , de Brum-Fernandes Artur José , Masetto Ariel , Carrier Nathalie , Ménard Henri A. , Silverman Gregg J. , Rigby William F.C.
Published: December 2015

Objective.

The presence of anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) indicates a breach in immune tolerance. Recent studies indicate that this breach extends to homocitrullination of lysines with the formation of anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies. We analyzed the clinical and serologic relationships of anti-CarP in 2 RA cohorts.

Methods.

Circulating levels of immunoglobulin G anti-CarP antibodies were determined by ELISA in established (Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center) and early (Sherbrooke University Hospital Center) cohorts and evaluated for anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP), specific ACPA, and rheumatoid factor (RF) levels using the Student t test and correlation analysis.

Results.

We identified elevated anti-CarP antibodies titers in 47.0% of seropositive patients (Dartmouth, n = 164), with relationships to anti-CCP (p < 0.0001) and IgM-RF (p = 0.001). Similarly, 38.2% of seropositive patients from the Sherbrooke cohort (n = 171) had elevated anti-CarP antibodies; titers correlated to anti-CCP (p = 0.01) but not IgM-RF (p = 0.09). A strong correlation with anti-Sa was observed: 47.9% anti-Sa+ patients were anti-CarP antibodies+ versus only 25.4% anti-Sa− in the Sherbrooke cohort (p = 0.0002), and 62.6% anti-Sa+ patients versus 26.9% anti-Sa− were anti-CarP antibodies+ in Dartmouth (p < 0.0001). We found a more variable response for reactivity to citrullinated fibrinogen or to citrullinated peptides from fibrinogen and α enolase.

Conclusion.

In 2 North American RA cohorts, we observed a high prevalence of anti-CarP antibody positivity. We also describe a surprising and unexpected association of anti-CarP with anti-Sa antibodies that could not be explained by cross-reactivity. Further, considerable heterogeneity exists between anti-CarP reactivity and other citrullinated peptide reactivity, raising the question of how the pathogenesis of antibody responses for carbamylated proteins and citrullinated proteins may be linkedin vivo.
Obesity Is Common in Axial Spondyloarthritis and Is Associated with Poor Clinical Outcome
Authors: Maas Fiona , Arends Suzanne , van der Veer Eveline , Wink Freke , Efde Monique , Bootsma Hendrika , Brouwer Elisabeth , Spoorenberg Anneke
Published: December 2015

Objective.

To assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a large cohort of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in comparison with the general population. To explore the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with clinical outcome in axSpA.

Methods.

Patients from the Groningen Leeuwarden Axial SpA cohort who visited the outpatient clinic in 2011/2012 were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Body weight, height, disease activity, physical function, and quality of life (QoL) were assessed. Patients were divided into normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2), overweight (BMI ≥ 25 to < 30 kg/m2), and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). BMI data for the general population in the same demographic region, matched for age and sex, were obtained from the LifeLines Cohort Study.

Results.

Of the 461 patients with axSpA, 37% were overweight and 22% were obese. In the LifeLines cohort (n = 136,577), 43% were overweight and 15% were obese. Overweight and obese patients were older, had longer symptom duration, and had more comorbidities, especially hypertension. Further, obese patients had significantly higher disease activity, worse physical function, and worse QoL than overweight and normal weight patients (mean Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index 4.5, 3.5, 3.8; mean Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score 2.8, 2.2, 2.3; median C-reactive protein 5, 3, 3 mg/l; median erythrocyte sedimentation rate 13, 8, 8 mm/h; median Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index 5.2, 2.9, 2.9; median Ankylosing Spondylitis QoL Questionnaire 8, 4, 5, respectively). After adjustment for potential confounders, obesity proved to be an independent predictor of worse clinical outcome.

Conclusion.

In this large observational cohort study, obesity is more common in axSpA than in the general population and it is associated with worse clinical outcome.
Le dossier du nucléaire iranien et la question du rapprochement États-Unis – Iran
Authors: Zarifian Julien
Published: December 2015

L’accord sur le nucléaire iranien signé le 14 juillet 2015 entre l’Iran et le « groupe des 5 + 1 » (États-Unis, Russie, Chine, France, Royaume-Uni, Allemagne) constitue un succès majeur, malgré les difficultés rencontrées pendant les négociations et même s’il ne règle pas les désaccords profonds entre l’Iran et la communauté internationale, et en particulier l’Occident. Outre geler le programme nucléaire iranien pour au moins quinze ans et lever l’essentiel des sanctions internationales à l’encontre de Téhéran, il montre les diplomaties américaine et iranienne sous un jour relativement positif et prouve qu’elles peuvent travailler ensemble et obtenir des résultats. Ce faisant, il laisse entrevoir des possibilités de réchauffement des (non -) relations bilatérales américano-iraniennes, mais aussi les obstacles à une telle amélioration des relations.
La relation américano-saoudienne à l’épreuve du rapprochement entre Washington et Téhéran
Authors: Wesser Sébastien
Published: December 2015

Dans un Moyen-Orient en pleine ébullition, l’administration Obama a gagné son pari, lancé en 2013, de négocier une sortie de crise avec Téhéran afin de maîtriser la menace nucléaire iranienne et de restaurer les relations entre les deux pays après un gel de plus de trente-cinq ans. Ébranlés par le printemps arabe et déstabilisés par les conséquences des inextricables conflits syrien et irakien, les partenaires arabes des États-Unis étaient vent debout contre ce projet. Le Royaume saoudien, pourtant allié historique des États-Unis au Moyen-Orient, se méfie désormais des intentions de Washington. Au-delà de sa volonté de consolider sa puissance militaire, Riyad semble décidé à acquérir également un arsenal nucléaire pour faire face à une potentielle menace nucléaire iranienne. Alors que les deux pays s’affrontent déjà par alliés interposés en Irak ou en Syrie, le conflit yéménite apparaît, de plus en plus, comme un affrontement direct entre Riyad et Téhéran. Washington peut-il résoudre la quadrature du cercle du retour de l’Iran sur les scènes régionale et internationale ?
Les États-Unis et l’Iran face à l’« AfPak » : des alliés naturels ?
Authors: Chaudet Didier
Published: December 2015

Quand on analyse les relations entre Iran et États-Unis, on se concentre le plus souvent sur les tensions existant entre ces deux pays au Proche-Orient. Cela est dû à une compréhension incomplète de l’Iran, vu uniquement comme un pays proche/moyen oriental. Sa proximité géographique avec l’Asie Centrale et l’Asie du Sud en fait une nation également connectée, historiquement et politiquement aux espaces asiatique et eurasiatique. Quand on accepte cette approche plus géopolitiquement correcte, on constate que sur bien des sujets Américains et Iraniens sont bien plus proches qu’ils ne l’admettent. Cela se retrouve notamment quand on analyse la politique iranienne face à l’AfPak. Sur ce sujet, on ne peut que constater qu’Américains et Iraniens sont des alliés de fait.
De Lacroix a Cauchy: La fundamentación del cálculo infinitesimal en José Mariano Vallejo (1807-1832)
Authors: Ausejo Elena , Medrano Sánchez Francisco Javier
Published: December 2015

Este artículo estudia los aspectos relativos a la fundamentación del cálculo infinitesimal en la obra de José Mariano Vallejo (1779-1846), el matemático de mayor difusión en lengua española de la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Para ello, se consideran los fundamentos analíticos de su Memoria sobre la curvatura de las líneas en sus diferentes puntos, sobre el radio de curvatura y sobre las evolutas (1807) y de las dos ediciones (1813 y 1832) del volumen de su Tratado Elemental de Matemáticas dedicado al cálculo infinitesimal. El estudio muestra la dinámica evolutiva del pensamiento de Vallejo al ritmo de las referencias europeas —especialmente francesas– que encabezan el desarrollo del análisis matemático en su época y cómo conjuga la influencia sucesiva de Lagrange, Lacroix y Cauchy atendiendo a criterios de adecuación didáctica y de rigor matemático. En particular, se determinan las influencias y discrepancias en cuanto al cálculo infinitesimal entre el Tratado de Vallejo (1813) y el Traité élémentaire de calcul différentiel et de calcul intégral de Lacroix (1802), así como el alcance de la introducción de las ideas de Cauchy, expuestas por primera vez en España en la segunda edición del cálculo infinitesimal del Tratado de Vallejo (1832).
Construyendo al futuro ser social: Intervenciones médicas y pedagógicas en la infancia anormal. Santiago de Chile, 1920-1943
Authors: León León Marco Antonio , Rojas Gómez Mauricio
Published: December 2015

El presente trabajo busca estudiar la relación entre el Estado y la anormalidad en Santiago de Chile a través de una categoría específica como fue la infancia anormal, que tanto en el plano discursivo como institucional, tomó mayor definición y organización desde inicios de la década de 1920 hasta mediados de los años 40. Más allá de los cambios en los criterios estatales que tomaron lugar, se puede apreciar la pervivencia de lógicas preventivas y de control junto a otras protectoras y asistenciales visibles en la legislación y las instituciones creadas. Se destaca el papel de la medicina y la pedagogía en este ámbito, y en particular el papel de la última en la generación de una ciudadanía asimilable a los proyectos industriales y de nación de la época.
“Gloire immortelle de nos Aïeux” les armes des ancetres dans les agglomerations du sudouest europeen a la fin de l'age du Fer: les exemples de Raso de Candeleda et le Cayla de Mailhac
Authors: Bertaud Alexandre
Published: December 2015

Para entender las relaciones sociales en la esfera guerrera, y particularmente la reclamación de una ascendencia de señor de guerra, en este articulo, vamos a analizar restos de armas anacrónicas en dos aglomeraciones de la final de la Edad del Hierro en Europa suroeste : Candeleda (Ávila, España) y Mailhac (Aude, Francia). El estudio de los contextos de descubrimiento es un factor crucial en la comprensión de la posición de armas en estas sociedades. Así, vamos a considerar la reclamación de una élite guerrera por el desarrollo de ascendientes señores de la guerra, a través de sus armas.

[fr] Afin d’appréhender les rapports sociaux inhérents à la sphère guerrière, et particulièrement la revendication d’une ascendance de chef de guerre, nous allons, dans cet article, analyser les restes d’armes anachroniques dans deux agglomérations de la fin de l’âge du Fer dans le sud-ouest européen : Candeleda et Mailhac. L’étude des contextes de découvertes est alors primordiale dans la compréhension de la place de l’armement dans ces sociétés. Nous allons ainsi pouvoir approcher la revendication d’une élite guerrière par la mise en valeur des ancêtres chefs de guerre à travers leurs armes.
Alamares metálicos: un sistema de cierre para correajes ecuestres en la protohistoria de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Jiménez Ávila Javier
Published: December 2015

Se replantea la función de unos característicos objetos metálicos aparecidos en distintos contextos arqueológicos de la Edad del Hierro peninsular que han venido siendo interpretados, por parte de la investigación española, como camas laterales de bocados de caballo. Ni su forma, ni sus contextos, ni la existencia de abundantes paralelos europeos, que nunca han sido referidos en los estudios hispánicos y que son objeto de otras lecturas, avalan esta interpretación. En su lugar se propone su uso como alamares o elementos integrantes de los sistemas de cierre para correajes ecuestres. Existe evidencia iconográfica de este uso en la estatuaria zoomorfa ibérica.
Catalina Alfonso: una “maestra de fazer pólvora” durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos
Authors: Ríos de la Llave Rita
Published: December 2015

A partir del hallazgo de un documento que hace referencia a una mujer que ejerció como maestra polvorista durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos, se reflexiona sobre el papel de las mujeres en la actividad militar durante la Edad Media. Frente a las tesis que tienden a primar el papel de las mujeres como víctimas de las guerras y el desempeño de tareas auxiliares o de carácter defensivo, se concluye que hubo mujeres medievales que cumplieron labores más activas, por ejemplo en lo que se refiere a la fabricación de la pólvora, aunque su labor haya pasado desapercibida. También se ha recurrido a un método comparativo para tratar de determinar la forma en que la protagonista del trabajo pudo practicar el oficio, y que ha servido para poner de relieve algunas diferencias de género en las actividades militares.
Análisis y diagnóstico de la Iglesia de Santiago en Jerez de la Frontera (España)
Authors: Rodríguez-Mayorga E. , Yanes-Bustamante E. , Sáez-Pérez A.
Published: December 2015

La Iglesia de Santiago (Jerez de la Frontera, España) tiene su origen en una pequeña capilla del siglo XIII. En el siglo XV se le añadieron tres naves, dando como resultado el templo actual. La Iglesia se ha modificado en determinadas ocasiones debido principalmente a: (I) el interés por ampliarla y embellecerla y (II) solucionar algunos problemas estructurales documentados desde el siglo XVII. De estos últimos, los más relevantes en relación a la estructura pueden resumirse en dos colapsos parciales (1695 y 1956) y la sustitución de dos pilares (1902 y 1928) para evitar otras dos catástrofes. Al inicio del siglo XXI, la nueva aparición de daños en pilares y muros condujo al cierre del templo y al inicio de una investigación sobre el comportamiento estructural de la iglesia. Las conclusiones de este análisis, junto a una propuesta preliminar para su reparación, constituyen el objetivo principal de este artículo.
Hacia una calibración de modelos energéticos: Caso de estudio del parque residencial español en clima mediterráneo
Authors: Blázquez T. , Suárez R. , Sendra J. J.
Published: December 2015

Las actuales políticas energéticas europeas proponen la rehabilitación para poder alcanzar los objetivos del Horizonte 2020, especialmente del parque residencial construido antes de las primeras normativas térmicas, debiendo cimentarse la mejora en eficiencia energética y confort en el conocimiento de su comportamiento energético real. Aparecen divergencias entre resultados reales y de simulación debido a las incertidumbres y falta de información sobre el estado actual y las condiciones reales de uso y operacionales. La monitorización bajo condiciones de ocupación real resulta imprescindible para conocer el comportamiento energético y ambiental del parque residencial.

Nuestro objetivo es mostrar el proceso de calibración de modelos energéticos, a partir de la monitorización, de unas viviendas de interés patrimonial construidas en los años cincuenta en Sevilla, ciudad de clima mediterráneo. La calibración permite aproximar los resultados de simulación a las condiciones ambientales reales, para predecir y optimizar el potencial de mejora ambiental y energética en la rehabilitación.
Los inicios de la industrialización en las Antillas Hispanas
Authors: Zanetti Lecuona Oscar
Published: December 2015

A partir de la crisis mundial de 1929 la industrialización constituye la tendencia dominante en las economías latinoamericanas. Las Antillas hispanas no resultaron una excepción, pero en estas el proceso muestra interesantes particularidades, tanto respecto a lo que ocurre en el continente como en las islas entre sí. El desarrollo industrial que apenas se esboza en la década de 1930, gana entidad bajo los efectos de la II Guerra Mundial y se acelera bajo la égida estatal en la posguerra y la década de 1950, aunque con perfiles bien diferenciados en cada país.
Digital Curriculum in the Classroom: Authority, Control, and Teacher Role
Authors: Puttick Gillian , Drayton Brian , Karp Joan
Published: December 2015

With greater online access and greater use of computers and tablets, educational materials are increasingly available digitally, and are soon predicted to become the standard for science classrooms. However, researchers have found that institutionalized structures and cultural factors in schools affect teacher uptake and integration of technology. Findings are sparse that detail the complexities of how teachers actually incorporate technology in their teaching as they negotiate the introduction of a new and potentially disruptive innovation. With respect to a digital curriculum in particular, teachers can be unclear about their role vis-a-vis the curriculum, as the "computer" potentially becomes an alternative source of authority in the classroom, and this can mean that the teacher is no longer in control. This paper reports on the implementation of two units of an innovative environmental science program, Biocomplexity and the Habitable Planet, as a digital curriculum. We discuss some of the lessons learned about the mix of challenges, anticipated and unanticipated, that confronted four high school teachers as they implemented the curriculum in their classrooms. We suggest that developers and users of digital curricula pay particular attention to how they envision where the authority for teaching and learning in the classroom should reside.
Les périurbains franciliens : vers de nouveaux comportements de mobilité ?
Authors: Berger Martine , Bouleau Mireille , Mangeney Catherine
Published: December 2015

Les périurbains sont souvent considérés comme uniformément contraints à des mobilités de longue distance. L’analyse des évolutions récentes des mobilités des périurbains de l’ouest francilien (à partir des recensements de population et des Enquêtes Globales Transport) met en évidence une stabilisation des distances moyennes et des budgets-temps des navettes domicile-travail, une plus grande recherche de proximité dans les comportements d’achat quotidiens, une utilisation plus fréquente et plus différenciée des ressources locales, ainsi que la diversité des territoires périurbains et de leurs ressources. Elle souligne également les continuités entre les franges de l’agglomération et les communes du périurbain proche, par opposition aux systèmes de déplacement des habitants du centre de l’agglomération.
Émigration paysanne et vulnérabilité des territoires ruraux dans les Andes équatoriennes
Authors: Rebaï Nasser
Published: December 2015

Dans les Andes équatoriennes, et plus particulièrement dans la province de l’Azuay, l’émigration paysanne apparaît comme un symbole fort de la vulnérabilité des agriculteurs familiaux. Cette émigration, très importante dans certaines zones, implique de profondes transformations des territoires ruraux, en témoigne la réduction drastique des superficies cultivées qui marque l’accentuation de la vulnérabilité des exploitations familiales. Nous abordons les dimensions paysagère et économique des effets de l’émigration paysanne dans la sierra équatorienne à partir de l’étude de deux localités situées dans la périphérie de la ville de Cuenca. Puis nous orientons notre propos vers la nécessité de repenser le développement des territoires ruraux andins à partir d’une redéfinition des relations ville-campagne.
« Series finale » : enjeux et théorie d’un compromis moderne
Authors: Lifschutz Vladimir
Published: December 2015

Cet article explore la problématique de la finalité dans une œuvre sérielle. Il s’agit de s’interroger sur les enjeux du series finale, point final d’un vaste projet narratif. En remontant le fil de l’Histoire et en étudiant les changements récents du statut de la fin, nous proposerons une théorie fondée sur l’idée suivante : les fins des séries reposent sur une rupture systématique de la « formule », une « déformulation » dont l’objectif ultime est de permettre à la fiction de passer de sa première diffusion à un second monde plus vaste que nous appellerons le monde de la réappropriation multi-médiatique. Nous mettrons cette théorie au feu de la pratique avec l’exemple de la sitcom Scrubs (diffusée de 2001 à 2008 sur NBC et de 2009-2010 sur ABC). La mutation économique autour des séries télévisées transforme les attentes des chaînes et des studios, offrant ainsi un nouveau rôle à jouer à la fin, celui d’être un liant entre deux modes d’existence.
Lire l’avenir, changer le passé : Rêves et foi en la fiction dans la série Lost
Authors: Hatchuel Sarah
Published: December 2015

Il s’agira d’étudier les visions religieuses et spirituelles dans la série Lost comme tissus inter- et intra-textuels, et comme signes à décoder par les personnages et par les spectateurs dans une réflexion profonde sur les rapports entre fiction, « réel » et foi dans l’image et le récit.
Projectiles : De l’usage du plan-séquence dans The West Wing
Authors: Lévy Ophir
Published: December 2015

La série The West Wing se caractérise notamment par ses longs plans-séquences virtuoses au sein desquels les personnages sillonnent l’aile ouest de la Maison-Blanche. Figures de la continuité par excellence, ces plans déplient méthodiquement un territoire où règne en permanence une activité frénétique qui se donne sous la forme de multiples trajectoires. Trajectoires croisées des corps anonymes appartenant à une foule de figurants de passage (assistants, secrétaires, stagiaires) qui, en moins d’une seconde, tels des projectiles, traversent l’écran et disparaissent absorbés par leur tâche. Trajectoires continues des principaux collaborateurs du président, ou du président lui-même, soutenues par des dialogues incessants qui semblent constituer le carburant de leur motricité même. Trajectoires en rafale des mots eux-mêmes, qui fusent à leur tour tels des projectiles au service d’une extraordinaire balistique de la parole. Que suggère cette coextensivité de la marche et de la parole dans The West Wing ? Soulignant la dépense continue et la virtuosité des personnages, l’ivresse du langage ou au contraire sa plus haute performativité, les plans-séquences permettent de rendre sensible la dimension éminemment physique de la parole. Et sans doute ménagent-ils, à leur manière, un accès à l’essence même du politique, la parole se manifestant dans la série en tant qu’elle est action véritable (convaincre, légiférer, gouverner) et non simplement verbiage inconsistant.
Cost Effective Design of an RFID Based Healthcare Service System
Authors: Sarwar Kinza , Shah Munam Ali
Published: December 2015

Healthcare industry confronts many challenges in a pursuit to give safe, cost-effective and highly-valued healthcare services; Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is considered as one of the rising mechanism which helps in addressing the challenges, currently faced by Mobile Healthcare Service System (MHS). This article focuses on the contribution of cost-effective RFID deployments in healthcare sector that broadly categorize tracking of items, patients and items associated to patient; providing solutions for improving the auditability and accountability, reducing human errors, eliminating the risks of misidentification, identifying treatment errors and keeping the inventory updated. It explores certain parameters that can play an important role for the cost effective deployment of an RFID system such as security and privacy concerns, social and ethical aspects. Moreover, the article analyses the main challenges faced and investigates how security threats and vulnerabilities are a red flag to RFID technology. Furthermore, different solutions are highlighted that can streamline the operation and can optimize the workflow services in healthcare system. RFID represents next-generation enhancement over bar-code technology. Based on performance evaluation and comparison, differences between the two technologies are identified. This article also provides an overview that how RFID is a key enabler to build-up the healthcare service system and an efficacious affirm in optimizing and transforming healthcare practices.
Sentiment Analysis for Health Care
Authors: Khan Muhammad Taimoor , Khalid Shehzad
Published: December 2015

Sentiment analysis for health care deals with the diagnosis of health care related problems identified by the patients themselves. It takes the patients opinions into perspective to make policies and modifications that could directly address their problems. Sentiment analysis is used with commercial products to great effect and has outgrown to other application areas. Aspect based analysis of health care, not only recommend the services and treatments but also present their strong features for which they are preferred. Machine learning techniques are used to analyze millions of review documents and conclude them towards an efficient and accurate decision. The supervised techniques have high accuracy but are not extendable to unknown domains while unsupervised techniques have low accuracy. More work is targeted to improve the accuracy of the unsupervised techniques as they are more practical in this time of information flooding.
La ventilazione non invasiva in Medicina Interna
Authors: Navalesi Guest Editors: P. , Campanini M. , Lari F. , Giorgi Pierfranceschi M.
Published: December 2015

Legenda delle più comuni abbreviazioni e acronimi     391

Prefazione     393
P. Navalesi

Presentazione     395
M. Campanini

La NIV in Medicina Interna     396
F. Lari

Il ventilatore e i suoi componenti     399
F. Lari

Maschere ed interfacce     407
F. Lari

Sistemi CPAP (pressione positiva continua applicata alle vie aeree)     411
F. Lari

Principi e tecniche di ventilazione meccanica     417
F. Giostra, E. Di Flaviano

Insufficienza respiratoria acuta cardiogena - ruolo della ventilazione non invasiva     427
F. Ventrella

Riacutizzazione di broncopneumopatia cronica ostruttiva     443
M. La Regina, F. Orlandini

Altre indicazioni alla ventilazione meccanica non invasiva     451
F. Pieralli, O. Para, C. Nozzoli

Le apnee del sonno: competenza multidisciplinare e ruolo dell’internista     456
F. Lari

La ventilazione meccanica non invasiva nella palliazione del paziente oncologico terminale     462
S. Orlando, M. Giorgi-Pierfranceschi

La NIV nel paziente con insufficienza respiratoria cronica, la gestione domiciliare - Competenza specialistica nelle patologie pneumologiche pure     465
A. Marchioni, E.M. Clini, B. Beghé

Approccio al paziente internistico, candidato alla ventilazione meccanica non invasiva: key messages     475
M. Giorgi Pierfranceschi

La ventilazione meccanica non invasiva: conclusioni     482
M. Errico, A. Greco

NIV in Medicina Interna: sono necessari sistemi di monitoraggio emodinamico?     484
N. Di Battista, F. Savelli
Malaria vector species composition and relative abundance in Mutare and Mutasa districts, Zimbabwe
Authors: Sande S. , Zimba M. , Chinwada P. , Masendu H.T. , Makuwaza A.
Published: December 2015

Regular entomological monitoring is important to determine changes in mosquito species composition and relative densities of malaria vectors in relation to vector control interventions. A study to gain insights into malaria vector species composition and relative abundance was undertaken in Mutare and Mutasa districts, Zimbabwe. Two methods; indoor resting catches and larval sampling were used to collect indoor resting adults and larvae from May 2013 to April 2014. Mosquitoes collected as adults and reared from larvae that were identified morphologically as potential malaria vectors were further processed to sibling species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Morphological identification of anopheline mosquitoes showed presence of two complexes: An. funestus and An. gambiae. The total number of female members of the An. funestus group and An. gambiae complex collected by both methods from the two sites was 840 and 31 respectively. Malaria vector species of both complexes were more abundant in Mutare than in Mutasa. The PCR-based assays showed the presence of four sibling species: An. funestus sensu stricto (90.8%, 267/294) and An. leesoni (5.1%, 15/294), of An. funestus group; An. arabiensis (41.9%, 13/31) and An. quadriannulatus (48.4%, 15/31) of the An. gambiae complex. About 4% and 5% of specimens of An. gambiae complex and An. funestus group respectively did not amplify. Of the two identified malaria vector sibling species, An. funestus sensu stricto was more abundant (95.4%, 267/280) than An. arabiensis (4.6%, 13/280), suggesting the replacement to secondary vector of An. arabiensis, which was previously the predominant vector species. An. funestus sensu stricto and An. arabiensis, the most important vectors of human malaria were identified in this study, but their resting and biting habits as well as insecticide susceptibility are unclear. Further studies on vector behaviour are therefore recommended.
The first record of Dendrothrips aspersus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from Iran
Authors: Minaei K.
Published: December 2015

The species Dendrothrips aspersus Bhatti, 1971 is reported for the first time from Iran, based on the materials collected on grasses. This species was endemic to their originated region and is recorded for the first time outside their native range. The host records of D. aspersus in both India and Iran are discussed. Moreover, the number of thrips species that have been recently recorded from Iran are tabulated.
Notes on the petrology of nepheline gneisses near Mount Copeland, British Columbia
Authors: Currie K L
Published: December 2015

The rocks west and southwest of Mount Copeland comprise a metasedimentary sequence lying on the southern flank of a gneiss dome. Repeated sequences of pelitic, quartzitic, and calcareous schists overlie the core zone of migmatitic and granitoid gneisses.
Alkaline, nepheline-bearing syenite gneiss occurs at a fixed stratigraphic level within this sequence, but other metamorphosed alkaline rocks, ranging in chemical composition from syenite to alkaline basalt to nephelinite, are found at various stratigraphic levels. The disposition and range in
composition of the alkaline rocks suggest that they originate from an alkaline igneous complex, probably emplaced in the form of a stratified sill or series of sills and dykes. Petrochemical considerations suggest that none of the alkaline rocks are of volcanic derivation. Sedimentary and igneous
rocks were deformed together during prograde metamorphism, reaching peak conditions of 650°C and 5.7 kb. The rocks were later deformed again under lower, though unspecified, P-T conditions, and they now appear in the form of complex, mainly isoclinal and overturned, folds, with strongly
attenuated limbs. Late tensional, brittle fractures are occupied by unusual alkaline ultrabasic dykes emplaced 45 my. ago. The peak metamorphism led to a certain amount of anatectic melting in compositionally favourable beds, including a marginal, saturated phase of the syenite, resulting in a
complex of aplitic syenite schlieren and dykes. The process of anatexis led to concentration of molybdenum in the melt and formation of a molybdenite deposit now being commercially exploited.
The Use of Pedological Studies in Interpreting the Quaternary History of Central Yukon Territory
Authors: Foscolos A E , Rutter N W , Hughes O L
Published: December 2015

Soils and paleosols were investigated from pre-Reid (early Pleistocene), Reid (Illinoian or early Wisconsinan) and McConnell (classical W.isconsinan) surfaces in central Yukon. Paleosols on the pre-Reid surface indicate that it was subjected to two distinct
climates, an initial one which was warm and subhumid with grassland-shrub vegetation and later a more temperate and humid climate characterized by the development of a Luvisol with a red, textural B horizon, in places over 190 cm (75 in) thick. Subsequently, the climate became colder, resulting in
the Reid glaciation. Thermal contraction cracks developed in the pre-Reid deposits beyond the limit of Reid glaciation and were filled with eolian sand, as well as minor silt and clay, to form sand wedges. During the subsequent Reid-McConnell interglacial, a cool, subhumid climate prevailed as
evidenced by the Brunisolic characteristics of paleosols on deposits of Reid age. This was followed by a cold period which climaxed with the advent of the McConnell glaciation. Sand wedges also formed in the deposits of the Reid glaciation; the wedges are shallower and narrower than those on the pre
- Reid surface, suggesting a shorter cold period. During retreatal stages of the McConnell glaciation, a thin blanket of loess was deposited over McConnell, Reid and pre-Reid surfaces, covering the soils on the Reid and pre-Reid surfaces during post - glacial (Holocene) time. Finally, Brunisolic
soils developed on the loess blanket and, locally, where the loess is very thin or lacking, on deposits of McConnell age.
Middle Ordovician Ostrocoda from southwestern District of Mackenzie
Authors: Copeland M J
Published: December 2015

Silicified Middle Ordovician ostracodes of Whiterock to Barneveld ages occur in southwestern District of Mackenzie within a stratigraphic interval of about 3 ,000 feet . This fauna of 36 species (9 new) occurs in the Sunblood and Whittaker formations and an
unnamed intervening stratigraphic unit. Because of their wide-spread geographic occurrence throughout North America, these faunas are of considerable stratigraphic importance.