bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ranking of technologically significant factors determining the quality of reproduction of augmented reality elements
Authors: Baranova Daryna , Skyba Vasyl , Rozum Tetiana , Zolotukhina Kateryna
Published: March 2022

The work is devoted to the study of factors influencing the reproduction of augmented reality elements.
The object of the study is technologically significant parameters of the influence on the process of reproduction of AR elements when pointing a phone or tablet camera at a special marker image. The main problem of the study is the lack of information regarding the technological process of creating AR products and a large number of parameters that should be taken into account when choosing a particular technological operation, since changes in these factors greatly affect the correct reproduction of AR elements and further use of such products.
The study determined that in recent years, research has shifted from the field of science to printing and entertainment. This is due to the capabilities of the technology, namely wow effect, content expression, ease of creation, etc., development of digital technologies and competition with digital products.
Also, a low level of research was revealed in the area of products with unstable usage conditions such as clothing, packaging, etc. This can be explained by the development of printing technologies and opportunities in this area only recently, the increase in the popularity of such products only in recent years and, as a result, insufficient knowledge in this area. However, such products are much more popular in the market, which is emphasized by a significant drop in the production of books, magazines, etc.
The results of studying the significance of factors in the marker reproduction processes made it possible to identify the most significant ones (marker parameters, material characteristics, usage conditions, etc.). A systematic and integrated approach to the influence factors of this study allows the development of methods for normalizing the process of creating AR products with unstable usage conditions, which makes it possible to produce workable and reliable products in any conditions.
Optimization algorithm based on the Euler method for solving fuzzy nonlinear equations
Authors: Ibraheem Kais I. , Khudhur Hisham M.
Published: March 2022

In a variety of engineering, scientific challenges, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology, machine learning, deep learning, regression classification, computer science, programming, artificial intelligence, in the military, medical and engineering industries, robotics and smart cars, fuzzy nonlinear equations play a critical role. As a result, in this paper, an Optimization Algorithm based on the Euler Method approach for solving fuzzy nonlinear equations is proposed. In mathematics and computer science, the Euler approach (sometimes called the forward Euler method) is a first-order numerical strategy for solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with a specified initial value. The local error is proportional to the square of the step size, while the general error is proportional to the step size, according to the Euler technique. The Euler method is frequently used to create more complicated algorithms. The Optimization Algorithm Based on the Euler Method (OBE) uses the logic of slope differences, which is computed by the Euler approach for global optimizations as a search mechanism for promising logic. Furthermore, the mechanism of the proposed work takes advantage of two active phases: exploration and exploitation to find the most important promising areas within the distinct space and the best solutions globally based on a positive movement towards it. In order to avoid the solution of local optimal and increase the rate of convergence, we use the ESQ mechanism. The optimization algorithm based on the Euler method (OBE) is very efficient in solving fuzzy nonlinear equations and approaches the global minimum and avoids the local minimum. In comparison with the GWO algorithm, we notice a clear superiority of the OBE algorithm in reaching the solution with higher accuracy. We note from the numerical results that the new algorithm is 50 % superior to the GWO algorithm in Example 1, 51 % in Example 2 and 55 % in Example 3.
Design and construction of a multifunctional disinfection robot
Authors: Tuleshov Amandyk , Jamalov Nutpulla , Imanbayeva Nurbibi , Rakhmatulina Ayaulym
Published: March 2022

This paper proposes a robot designed for automated routine or emergency disinfection in closed premises. The robot is related to the combined type robots.
The robot consists of two functional parts: a universal mobile platform (lower part) and a disinfector (upper part), which, if necessary, can be freely moved by personnel on 4 wheels. In the initial position, the upper part of the disinfection robot is at the charging station. The mobile robot drives up to the disinfector, «hooks» it (puts it on itself) and moves along the planned route. The upper part of the disinfector will have its own independent intelligent system, separate from the mobile robot, which, when a person is recognized, stops liquid disinfection: in this case, the UV lamps turn through 180°, the cylindrical body closes and ventilation of the disinfected air from the enclosed space is turned on. In addition, liquid disinfection is only enabled when detecting beds, tables and chairs.
With the spray nozzles located at a height of 400 mm, the disinfector can carry out a simultaneous combined treatment of rooms with equipment and furniture, including high-quality processing of the lower surfaces of tables, chairs and beds.
To improve the functional characteristics of robotic disinfectors and to simplify their design, a multifunctional robotic disinfector has been proposed.
It was found that the result is achieved by the fact that in a multifunctional disinfection robot containing a mobile cart with an autonomous positioning and navigation system, a disinfection platform with a disinfection liquid spraying system and UV lamps with reflectors installed on it, the disinfection platform will have its own autonomous control and power systems.
Defining the features of structural and phase transformations in the recycling of anthropogenic metallurgical waste containing refractory elements
Authors: Volokh Vadym , Poliakov Anatolii , Yamshinskij Mykhail , Lukianenko Ivan , Andreev Andrey , Tsymbal Bohdan , Pedchenko Ganna , Chorna Tetiana , Bilko Tamara , Dzyuba Anatolii
Published: March 2022

This paper reports a study into the features of the phase composition and microstructure of a master alloy obtained by using the reduction melting of oxide man-made waste. That was necessary to define those technological indicators that provide for an increase in the degree of extraction of alloying elements during the recycling of anthropogenic raw materials and the subsequent use of the alloying material. It has been determined that the phase composition of the alloy at a Si:C ratio in the charge of 0.11 mainly consisted of a solid solution of elements in α-Fe, as well as carbides Fe3C and Fe3W3C. At the Si:C ratios in the charge of 0.28 and 0.52, along with a solid solution of the elements in α-Fe, Fe8Si2C, Fe5Si3, and FeSiC, FeSi2 manifested themselves, respectively. The microstructure of the alloy demonstrated a clear manifestation of several phases with different content of alloying elements. Changing a Si:C ratio in the charge from 0.11 to 0.28 and 0.52 led to an increase in the residual silicon content (wt %) in the studied areas, from 0.00–0.25 to 0.12–1.79 and 0.20–2.11, respectively. At the same time, the carbon content (wt %) in the examined areas varied from 0.25–2.12 to 0.24–2.52 and 0.45–2.68, respectively. The content of alloying elements in the investigated areas varied within (wt %): W – 0.00–43.06, Mo – 0.00–32.72, V – 0.19–20.72, Cr – 0.69–33.94, Co – 0.00–3.96. Analysis of the study’s results reveals that the most acceptable ratio of Si:C in the charge is 0.52. In this case, there is a certain content of residual silicon along with carbon in the form of carbosilicide and silicide compounds. Such indicators of the alloy provide sufficient reducing capacity of the alloy when used. The properties of the alloy make it possible, when smelting steels, to replace part of those standard ferroalloys that do not have strict carbon restrictions.
Devising a procedure to calculate and analyze parameters for passing the flood and breakthrough wave taking into consideration the topographical and hydraulic riverbed irregularities
Authors: Onyshchenko Artur , Ostroverkh Borys , Potapenko Liudmyla , Kovalchuk Vitalii , Tokin Oleksndr , Harkusha Mykola , Bashkevych Iryna , Koretskyi Andrii , Khvoshchynska Nadiia , Rolinska Iryna
Published: March 2022

It has been established that the most likely period of breakthrough wave occurrence is the time of spring flooding or heavy rain when water-head facilities are subjected to significant loads that lead to the collapse of their individual elements or the entire structure. In addition, the possibility of man-made accidents that can occur at any time cannot be ruled out.
It has been proven that breakthrough wave formation depends on the nature of the destruction or the overflow through a water-head facility. For the study reported in this paper, a model of the kinematics of riverbed and breakthrough flows was used, which is based on the equations of flow, washout, and transport of sediments that are averaged for the depths of the stream. The differential equations describing the nonstationary flow averaged for depth are solved using the numerical grid system FST2DH (2D Depth-averaged Flow and Sediment Transport Model), which implements a finite-element method on the plan of a riverbed's topographic region. These tools are publicly available, which allows their wide application to specific loads and boundary conditions of mathematical models.
The construction of an estimation grid involving the setting of boundary conditions and the use of geoinformation system tools makes it possible to simulate the destruction of a culvert of the pressure circuit and obtain results for a specific case of an actual riverbed and a water-head facility.
It has been established that there is a decrease in the speed of wave propagation along the profile, from 3 m/s to 1 m/s.
The impact of bottom irregularities, the effect of floodplains, and the variety of bottom roughness have also been assessed, compared to the results of their calculation based on one-dimensional models given in the regulatory documents.
Hydraulic calculations were carried out taking into consideration the related properties of the main layer of the floodplain, which consists of peat accumulations, and the heterogeneity of the depths and roughness of floodplain surfaces of soils. It has been established that there is almost no erosion of supports in the floodplain zone in this case.
It was found that as the distance between the flow and breakthrough intersection increases, there is a decrease in the height of the head from 2.1 m to 1.25 m.
Determination of the dependence of the structure of Zn-Al layered double hydroxides, as a matrix for functional anions intercalation, on synthesis conditions
Authors: Kovalenko Vadym , Borysenko Anastasiia , Kotok Valerii , Nafeev Rovil , Verbitskiy Volodymyr , Melnyk Olena
Published: March 2022

Layered double hydroxides, especially Zn-Al, are valuable matrices for intercalation with various functional anions: dyes, medicines, food additives, etc. For the purposeful development and optimization of the technology for the synthesis of Zn-Al hydroxides intercalated with functional anions, the phase composition and crystal structure of Zn-Al nitrate layered double hydroxide samples (Zn:Al=4:1) synthesized at solution flow rates of 0.8 and 1.6 l/h, pH=7, 8, 9, 10 and t=10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 °С were studied. XRD showed that all samples synthesized at different temperatures, pH, and solution flow rates were Zn-Al layered double hydroxides with an α-Zn(OH)2 crystal lattice of medium crystallinity, with an admixture of an oxide phase with a ZnO lattice. Three sections of the dependence of the crystallite size of the sample on the synthesis temperature were distinguished: 10–20 °C, 30–50 °C, and 60 °C, within which an increase in temperature led to an increase in crystallinity. A hypothesis was put forward about a change in the mechanism or kinetics of LDH formation at temperatures of 30 °C and 60 °C. An increase in the pH of the synthesis and the flow rate of solutions led to an increase in crystallinity.
A retrospective comparative analysis of the phase composition and crystal structure of Zn-Al-nitrate and Zn-Al-tripolyphosphate (tartrazine or Orange Yellow S) LDH samples was carried out. It was found that the use of large and multi-charged functional anions caused significant adsorption on precipitate nuclei and difficult intercalation. As a result, low crystallinity was formed (Tartrazine anion) or a significant part of LDH was decomposed to oxide (tripolyphosphate and Orange Yellow S anions).
Improving the model of object detection on aerial photographs and video in unmanned aerial systems
Authors: Slyusar Vadym , Protsenko Mykhailo , Chernukha Anton , Melkin Vasyl , Biloborodov Oleh , Samoilenko Mykola , Kravchenko Olena , Kalynychenko Halyna , Rohovyi Anton , Soloshchuk Mykhaylo
Published: March 2022

This paper considers a model of object detection on aerial photographs and video using a neural network in unmanned aerial systems. The development of artificial intelligence and computer vision systems for unmanned systems (drones, robots) requires the improvement of models for detecting and recognizing objects in images and video streams. The results of video and aerial photography in unmanned aircraft systems are processed by the operator manually but there are objective difficulties associated with the operator’s processing of a large number of videos and aerial photographs, so it is advisable to automate this process. Analysis of neural network models has revealed that the YOLOv5x model (USA) is most suitable, as a basic model, for performing the task of object detection on aerial photographs and video. The Microsoft COCO suite (USA) is used to train this model. This set contains more than 200,000 images across 80 categories. To improve the YOLOv5x model, the neural network was trained with a set of VisDrone 2021 images (China) with the choice of such optimal training parameters as the optimization algorithm SGD; the initial learning rate (step) of 0.0005; the number of epochs of 25. As a result, a new model of object detection on aerial photographs and videos with the proposed name VisDroneYOLOv5x was obtained. The effectiveness of the improved model was studied using aerial photographs and videos from the VisDrone 2021 set. To assess the effectiveness of the model, the following indicators were chosen as the main indicators: accuracy, sensitivity, the estimation of average accuracy. Using a convolutional neural network has made it possible to automate the process of object detection on aerial photographs and video in unmanned aerial systems.
Radiation environmental situation in Japan, 10 years after the accident at the nuclear power plant "Fukushima-1"
Authors: Zhumagulova Roza , Zharaspaeva Gulzhanar , Turlybekova Meruyert
Published: March 2022

This paper reports the results of environmental studies conducted in May‒June 2021 in 16 prefectures of Japan, over which radioactive clouds spread as a result of the accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant in March 2011, namely: Aomori, Miyagi, Fukushima, Niigata, Ishikawa, Ibaraki, Kanagawa, Shizuoka, Osaka, Kyoto, Okayama, Tottore, Shimane, Kagoshima, Nagasaki, and Ehime. Some effects of the impact of accidental emissions of BWR-3 and BWR-4 reactors on the environment in the settlements neighboring the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant were summed up. The methods of conducting research are described, starting with a sampling of environmental objects in the above prefectures (atmospheric air, soil, vegetation, agricultural products, sea and ocean water, and aquatic fauna) and sample preparation up to measurements and data processing to obtain results and their subsequent analysis. A comparison of the results of research with the volumes of emissions of radioactive substances due to the normal operation of various objects for the use of atomic energy was carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the medium-term (after 10 years) consequences of the nuclear accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant.
The maximum background radiation equal to 2 µmSv/h observed at point No. 83, 20 km from the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant, will not lead to irradiation of a person with doses exceeding the permissible limits if the time of his stay at the reference point is limited to 1.36 hours per day. The concentration of cesium-137 in the water of Japanese waters does not exceed the level of the radiation factor, upon reaching which protective intervention is necessary. The maximum specific activity of cesium-137, detected in soil and vegetation samples near the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant, does not exceed the maximum specific activity (MZUA). In Japan as a whole, the specific activity of radionuclides in soils used for agricultural production and livestock grazing does not exceed the levels of global pollution.
Experimental evaluation for fluxes, currents and speed estimation of induction motor
Authors: Abbas Najimaldin M. , Shakor Ali Merwan
Published: March 2022

Induction motor drive control and estimation is a wide subject. The market for variable speed drives has grown dramatically in the last few years. Manufacturers have recognized the importance of not only managing the speed or torque range, but also reducing power consumption. This necessitates the development of new control algorithms and schemes to include these solutions. Indeed, the speed estimate must be employed in one or more regions of the control scheme, depending on the control objective. This concept, as well as the most common speed estimation methodologies, is investigated.
Currently, many tools can be used for the evaluation of the rotor speed without a speed sensor. By modern signal processing methods, it is possible to implement an estimation scheme with the possibility of monitoring currents and voltages. Therefore, in this paper, the concept of currents, speed and fluxes estimation based on the extended Kalman filter is proposed. By monitoring the ratio of the theoretical residual to the actual residual, the measured noise covariance matrix is recursively corrected online to make it gradually approach the real noise level. So that the filter performs the optimal estimation, improves the accuracy of the speed estimation. The effect of the load change on the currents, fluxes and speed estimation was also studied. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed improved adaptive extended Kalman estimator has a strong ability to suppress random measurement noise. The experimental and simulation results prove the accuracy of the proposed scheme towards the state estimation of an induction motor at different load levels. It can accurately estimate the speed of the motor and has a good anti-error ability to meet the actual needs of the project.
Comparison of the features of the formation of joints of aluminum alloy 7075 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) by laser, microplasma, and laser-microplasma welding
Authors: Korzhyk Volodymyr , Khaskin Vladyslav , Grynyuk Andrii , Peleshenko Sviatoslav , Kvasnytskyi Viktor , Fialko Nataliia , Berdnikova Olena , Illiashenko Yevhenii , Shcheretskiy Volodymyr , Yao Yuhui
Published: March 2022

This paper reports a study into features of the formation of structures of permanent butt joints of plates with a thickness of 1.5 mm made from the high-strength aluminum alloy 7075 of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu system. Welding by melting these joints was performed using three techniques: laser, microplasma, and hybrid laser-microplasma. To implement the latter two, a compressed arc on a multipolar asymmetric current was used. The purpose of the research was to establish the tendency to the formation of characteristic defects and the possibility of their elimination. It has been determined that during laser welding a small (~5 %) volumetric fraction of defects in the form of pores is formed, residual welding deformations are minimized. There is a decrease in the hardness of the melted metal by 15 % with a simultaneous increase in the hardness of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) by 8...12 % relative to the base metal. In the melted metal, cavities up to 100 μm in size are formed, which are the center of the origin of hot cracks with a length of 25‒30 μm. There are oxide inclusions in the root part of the seam. With microplasma welding, the volume fraction of defects of the melted metal in the form of pores with a size of 10...105 μm increases (up to 25 %). The hardness of the melted metal is reduced by 30 % with the hardness of the HAZ metal close to the base metal. In laser-microplasma welding, the volumetric fraction of defects of the melted metal in the form of pores with a size of 15...25 μm is reduced to 5 %. The hardness of the melted metal is reduced by 15...20 % with the hardness of the HAZ metal close to the base metal. In the lower part of the melted metal, cavities of ~100 μm are formed. No microcracks were found in the seam metal. Analysis of the research results showed the advantage of the laser-microplasma technique. This method reduces the use of laser energy by 40...50 %, the lifetime of the welding pool (0.03...0.05 s) approaches laser welding, it eliminates the danger of burnout of alloying elements.
COVID-19 and thyroid disease: clinical course and prognosis
Authors: Korchagina Daria , Korchagin Iegor
Published: March 2022

The aim is to analyze current scientific data on the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 and to evaluate the relationship between possible complications of COVID-19 and vaccination.

Materials and methods. Open digital archive of journal articles on biomedical and biological sciences of the National Institutes of Health (USA), developed by the National Center for Biotechnological Information of the National Medical Library (USA) – PubMed, Google Academy and Academic Journals.

Results. The development of thyroid diseases in SARS-CoV-2 may be associated with various mechanisms of its damage, including an excessive immune response, infection-induced immunodeficiency, or direct cell damage due to significant tissue tropism and high affinity of SARS-CoV-2 to thyroid tissue. Possible mechanisms of formation of post-vaccination dysfunction of the thyroid gland are proposed.

Conclusions. Thyroid hormone deficiency is associated with an increased risk of adverse events and in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 and depended on the age of the patient. The severe course of Covid-19 is characterized by an increase in the prevalence of TT secondary to destructive or inflammatory thyroiditis. Thyroid-related thyrotoxicosis exacerbates the clinical course of comorbidities and long-term consequences, such as autoimmune hypothyroidism, which occurs in patients of all ages and with any severity of COVID-19.

The prevalence of TD in patients with COVID-19 varies from 13 to 64 %. 2. The presence of thyroid dysfunction is positively correlated with the clinical severity of COVID-19. Patients with confirmed thyroid disease should receive COVID-19 vaccine to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 infection
Interrelations of cytokine production levels in the mechanisms of inflammatory process regulation in patients with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Bereznyakov Vladyslav
Published: March 2022

The aim of study was to study of cytokine production levels and their relationship in the mechanisms of regulation of the inflammatory process in community-acquired pneumonia.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out in the period 2017–2020 based on the therapeutic department of the Municipal non-profit enterprise “City Clinical Multidisciplinary Hospital No. 25” of Kharkiv City Council. The study involved 34 adult patients with CAP aged 18 to 80 years (mean age 36.5±10.3). The control group consisted of 20 apparently healthy individuals (mean age 39.5±12.5). Levels of IL-17, IL-1Ra, TGFβ1, visfatin, adiponectin were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results. Levels of IL-1 Ra and IL-17 in the group of patients with САP were 3.77±0.24 and 33.08±0.10 pg/ml, respectively. In the PРI group, the level of these indicators was probably higher (p<0.05) and was 2.53±0.13 and 28.17±0.53 pg/ml. The level of TGFβ1 in the group of patients with CAP was 24.54±0.55 ng/ml and was slightly higher than in the group of AHI (26.33±0.62 ng/ml). No differences were found between adiponectin levels in the AHI group and patients with CAP, as in the case of visfatin levels. The disappearance of relationships in the system of normal regulation of the inflammatory process between one pair of cytokines and their appearance between other pairs indicates a violation of regulatory mechanisms in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

Conclusions. The identified characteristics of the cytokine profile reflect the end of the phase of active inflammation in the lungs and the beginning of the phase of compensatory reactions. The findings suggest the importance of studying the cytokine profile in patients with community-acquired pneumonia, which will help to develop new approaches to predict the course of pneumonia, ways to correct metabolic disorders that develop in this condition, and will help identify risk groups for this pathology
The effect of a modified fragment of neuropeptide y on spatial memory and learning in the Morris water maze
Authors: Havrylov Ihnat , Shtrygol’ Sergey , Kavraiskyi Dmytryi
Published: March 2022

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a biologically active neuropeptide that is responsible for a large list of physiological processes. We propose a short modified fragment of NPY that should at least partially have a spectrum of biological activity of the original peptide. The compound was named nonapeptide NP9.

The aim of our study was to investigate the ability of the modified fragment of NPY to influence spatial memory and learning.

Materials and methods: the study was performed on 24 one-year-old random-bred female rats weight 220–250 g. The animals were divided into 3 groups of 8 rats each: treated with a solvent (0.9 % NaCl), a solution of peptide NP9 0.02 mg/kg and the drug “Semax” 0.1 mg/kg. All drugs were administered intranasally. The study of the effect of the peptide NP9 on spatial memory and learning ability was performed in the psychopharmacological test the Morris water maze. Navigation parameters were analyzed using Noldus EthoVision XT 14 video tracking software. The escape latency, the distance moved, the average velocity and the meander were recorded. An inter-quadrant analysis of rat behavior was also performed, for which the frequency of appearance and time spent in certain quadrants were recorded.

Results: nonapeptide NP9 in the Morris water maze test demonstrated the ability to accelerate the time to find a hidden platform, reduce the distance traveled, meander, and optimize the search strategy.

Conclusions: NP9 peptide has demonstrated the ability to positively influence learning and spatial memory. The improvement in cognitive performance of animals administered with the peptide NP9 was no less than that of the reference nootropic drug Semax. These results substantiate the feasibility of further research with the aim of pharmaceutical development of a new nootropic drug
Antioxidant and anti-cytolytic activity of parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.) herb thick extract in conditions of catecholamine myocardiodystrophy in rats
Authors: Symonenko Natalia , Shpychak Oleh , Mishchenko Oksana , Kyslychenko Viktoriia , Shpychak Tamara , Grashchenkova Svetlana
Published: March 2022

The aim: to study the antioxidant and anticytolytic activity of the parsnip herb thick extract (PHTE) in conditions of catecholamine myocardial dystrophy in rats.

Materials and methods. Catecholamine myocardial dystrophy was reproduced in rats by a single subcutaneous injection of 0.18 % adrenaline hydrochloride solution at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg (0.28 ml/kg) of body weight. The experiment used 36 white male rats with an initial weight of 220–250 g, 4–4.5 months of age. The tested drugs were PHTE at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg and the reference drug (RD) “Tricardin” were administered intragastrically in a therapeutic and prophylactic regimen for 7 days, the last time on the day of the experiment 1 hour before the administration of cardiotoxin. The activity of the studied agents was assessed by the survival rate of the animals, the functional state of the myocardium (ECG studies), by the effect on the heart mass ratio (HMR), the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), the level of active products interacting with thiobarbituric acid (TBA-AP) and the content of reduced glutathione (RG) in the heart homogenate.

Results. The study of the effect of PHTE on the lipid peroxidation / antioxidant protection (LPO / AOP) system showed that a pronounced antioxidant effect of the tool was found at a dose of 200 mg/kg: there was an increase in VG at the trend level (0.05<p<0.10) and a significant decrease (p<0.05) the content of TBK-AP in 1.85 times compared with the group of positive control (PC). A similar effect was found in the comparison drug “Tricardin”. PHTE at a dose of 100 mg/kg was less influential. The use of PHTE in both doses and the comparison drug “Tricardin” reduced the severity of cytolytic processes: the activity of the enzyme AST – a marker of cardiocytolysis, was lower than in the PC group. PHTE at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg contributed to a certain normalization of some ECG parameters compared to PC: a slight insignificant decrease in heart rate and a significant decrease (p<0.05), QT interval, systolic index (SI) and decreased ischemia marker – ST segment displacement. The comparison drug "Tricardin" showed a similar effect to PHTE on the functional state of the myocardium in adrenaline intoxication.

Conclusions. Parsnip herb thick extract exhibits antioxidant and anticytolytic activity, improves the functional state of the myocardium, prevents a decrease in the severity of alterative processes in the organ under conditions of adrenaline myocardial dystrophy
Study on the effect of intermittent microwave drying conditions on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of beetroots
Authors: Liu Yan , Duan Zhenhua , Sabadash Sergey , Shang Feifei
Published: March 2022

The object of this research was the beetroots prepared by intermittent microwave drying at different conditions. The paper aimed to investigate the influence of intermittent microwave drying conditions (power density, microwave gap ratio and slice thickness) on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of beetroots. A microwave drying system SAM-255 (CEM Corporation, USA) was used to intermittent microwave drying of fresh beetroots. The effect of different power densities (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 W/g), microwave gap ratios (1, 2, 3, and 4) and slice thicknesses (2, 4, 6, and 8 mm) on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of beetroots were investigated. Colorimetric methods were used to determine contents of betalains, total phenolic and total flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity of dried beetroots. The ascorbic acid content was determined using 2,6-dichloroindophenol titration method.
Results showed that power density, microwave gap ratio and slice thickness significantly affected the drying time, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of beetroots. The drying time decreased with the increasing of power density, while increased significantly with the growth of slice thickness and microwave gap ratio. The shortest drying time (35.4±2.6 min) of beetroots was occurred at microwave gap ratio of 2. The content of betacyanins was found to be the highest in the dried beetroots with thickness of 2 mm. The beetroots with slice thickness of 2 and 4 mm showed the highest betacyanins content. Moreover, the highest content of ascorbic acid (240.00±2.32 mg/100 g) and total flavonoid (14.52±0.06 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g) was appeared at power density of 2.0 W/g, while the content of total phenolic to be highest (12.54±0.13 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g) at slice thickness of 6 mm. For the antioxidant capacity of dried beetroots, the 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity reached to the highest value of 6.43±0.03 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g at power density of 2.5 W/g. While the highest values of ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (15.47±0.10 mg TE/g) and 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity (25.31±0.30 mg TE/g) at microwave gap ratio of 2. It was found that ABTS radical scavenging ability and FRAP were related to the presence of reductions including betalains, ascorbic acid, and total flavonoid in beetroots.
The most effective condition for intermittent microwave drying of beetroots were microwave gap ratio of 2, power density of 2.0 W/g, and slice thickness of 4 mm, leads to a better preservation of bioactive compounds and high antioxidant capacity.
Development of methods for formation of infrastructure of transport units for maintenance of transit and export freight flows
Authors: Gryshchuk Oleksandr , Petryk Anatoliy , Yerko Yaroslav
Published: March 2022

Coordinated development of foreign economic relations and increase in international trade are the main factors of successful socio-economic growth of the state. And in order to ensure the competitiveness of domestic products on the world market, the primary factors are the intensification of innovative activities of production structures and the optimal use of national resources. The object of research is the processes of forming the infrastructure of customs and logistics systems, taking into account the assessment of the competitiveness of transport services. These results depend on the resource provision of the processes of servicing import-export and transit cargo flows.
In the course of the research carried out in the work, the following methods were used: the method of factor analysis of the use of transport systems infrastructure; mathematical apparatus of decision theory; methods of simulation modeling of development of integration processes for calculations of integrated indicators. Regularities of the organization of foreign trade deliveries of transit and export cargoes as a basis for creation of effective system of management of customs and logistic processes are defined and the methodology of qualitative transport service on an example of grain cargo flows is developed. A method of forming the infrastructure of transport hubs for servicing cargo flows on the basis of economic analysis of the development of integration processes in the form of interaction of structural elements of production systems and their relationships. The performed work provided an opportunity to develop a model of intensive use of existing and promising infrastructure of transport systems and to conduct multivariate calculations to determine the amount of resources for the organization of foreign trade supplies on the basis of demand.
The study is aimed at gaining new knowledge about the patterns of improving the efficiency of customs and logistics services for foreign trade flows in international production structures. In the course of the research the approbation of the developed methodology for the formation and optimization of the infrastructure of transport hubs in the management systems of international production processes was carried out.
Forming of properties complex of copper wire by the method of combined deformation by torsion and tension
Authors: Pashynska Olena , Pashynskyi Volodymyr , Kraliuk Maryna , Boyko Igor
Published: March 2022

The object of research is the mechanical properties of copper wire M1 for electrical applications, subjected to combined torsional deformation with tensile tension. One of the most problematic aspects in the manufacturing of such a wire is its fracture during processing due to low strength and ductility. DSTU EN 13602:2010 regulates the ultimate tensile strength, relative elongation, the number of bends before fracture and the number of twists until failure. To increase the service life of the product it is necessary to increase strength and plastic properties.
The methods of influence on the material by combined plastic tensile deformation with tensile was used in the study, the mechanical characteristics (ultimate tensile strength, true deformation before failure, relative elongation, relative reduction in area) and electrical conductivity were determined. Statistical analysis tools were used for modeling and graphical displaying of data.
The proposed approach allows to select the modes of combined torsional deformation with tensile, providing the optimal combination of tensile strength and relative narrowing of M1 grade copper wire. Under certain modes of such deformation, with increasing degree of deformation, it is possible to increase the strength characteristics and at the same time obtain high values of plasticity.
The obtained results of approbation of different combined deformation modes allow to consider it an effective tool for achieving high values of true rapture stress and ultimate deformation in order to improve the service characteristics of the deformed wire. It is shown that relaxation processes occur during such treatment, which leads to a decrease in stresses and a sharp increase in plastic characteristics. Clarification of the mechanisms of the characteristics formation allows to control the features of the structure and, accordingly, the level of mechanical properties to obtain a wire that combines high strength with high toughness. This makes it possible to develop deformation modes to obtain copper wire with special properties depending on customer requirements, for example: strong wire with low electrical resistance.
Rare Case of Morquio Syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IVA): Difficulties of Diagnostic Search and Management
Authors: Semschikova Yulia P. , Kozlov Yurii A. , Yakovlev Andrei B. , Shinkareva Vera M. , Barzunova Tatyana V. , Manjkova Natalia I. , Balakirev Evgenii A.
Published: March 2022

Background. This clinical case is of practical interest due to the lack of epidemiological and clinical data in Russian Federation and worldwide, difficulties in diagnosis at the disease onset, as well as little experience in enzyme replacement therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA).

Clinical case description. MPS IV (Morquio syndrome) diagnosis at the age of 11 was based on typical progressive external signs such as thoracolumbar scoliosis, coxarthrosis with restriction of both active and passive movements. Enzymodiagnostics in dried blood spots has shown dramatic decrease of N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase activity — 0.01 μM/l/h specific to MPS IVA. Direct automatic sequencing of the GALNS gene has revealed pathogenic nucleotide variants in the compound heterozygous state: c.143T>G; p(Val48Gly) and c.697G>A; p.(Asp233Asn). That allowed us to establish MPS IVA diagnosis. Enzyme replacement therapy with elosulfase alpha was started according to the protocol. According to significant changes in the musculoskeletal system, the expected therapeutic effect (stabilization and no disease progression) can be achieved not earlier than after 8–12 months.

Conclusion. Timely MPS diagnosis allows us to implement enzyme replacement therapy at the earliest possible time and thereby to avoid non-reversible complications of the disease itself.
Issues of Legislative Environment for Medical Activities on Children Recovery and Rehabilitation
Authors: Parfenov Oleg G. , Koptseva Anna V. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S.
Published: March 2022

The article describes issues of legislative environment for medical activities in educational institutions implementing supplementary general education programs. The area of children recovery and rehabilitation (in terms of ensuring medical activities) is in regulatory deficit and requires special attention from the state system. The analysis of the procedure for providing medical care to minor children during the recovery period and organized leisure in terms of any activities in children’s centers at international and all-Russian levels (approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation dated June 13, 2018, № 327н) was carried out. Features of work in organizations of recreation and rehabilitation of children under conditions of new coronavirus infection are described. The assessment of previously existing and modern health legislation for atypical educational institutions is presented. Several ways on improvement of legislative environment for medical activities on recovery and rehabilitation for the full implementation of children rights on recovery, rehabilitation and supplementary education have been proposed.
Descrição de medicamentos prescritos para a terapia hormonal em serviços de saúde especializados para transexuais e travestis no Rio Grande do Sul, 2020
Authors: Augusto Rosiane Mateus , Oliveira Daniel Canavese de , Polidoro Maurício
Published: March 2022

Resumo Objetivo Descrever os medicamentos prescritos para o tratamento hormonal do processo transexualizador em estabelecimentos de saúde de atendimento especializado para pessoas transexuais e travestis no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Métodos Estudo descritivo, com coleta de dados nesses estabelecimentos, no período maio-setembro/2020, utilizando-se instrumento elaborado pelos(as) pesquisadores(as). Obtiveram-se dados sobre o perfil de usuários(as) e características do cuidado farmacológico de tratamento hormonal. Resultados A pesquisa contemplou todos os sete serviços do estado. Para mulheres transexuais e travestis, medicamentos antiandrogênicos e espironolactona foram prescritos em todos os serviços. Apenas um estabelecimento não prescreveu ciproterona. Todos os estabelecimentos de saúde realizaram prescrição de medicamentos a base de estrógenos, com diferenças na via de administração; para homens transexuais, todos prescreveram andrógenos por via intramuscular. Conclusão A pesquisa aponta os medicamentos prescritos e sua diversidade, ratificando a necessidade da produção de informação para implementação das políticas de equidade no Sistema Único de Saúde.
α-Parvin Defines a Specific Integrin Adhesome to Maintain the Glomerular Filtration Barrier
Authors: Rogg Manuel , Maier Jasmin I. , Van Wymersch Clara , Helmstädter Martin , Sammarco Alena , Lindenmeyer Maja , Zareba Paulina , Montanez Eloi , Walz Gerd , Werner Martin , Endlich Nicole , Benzing Thomas , Huber Tobias B. , Schell Christoph
Published: March 2022

Significance Statement

Although podocyte detachment is a well-established factor driving the progression of glomerular kidney diseases, the underlying mechanisms initiating podocyte loss remain elusive. In particular, the co-occurrence of podocyte detachment and adaptive reinforcement of the actin cytoskeleton and integrin adhesion complexes presents a conundrum. The authors provide a comprehensive map of the podocyte adhesome and identify an actin-binding adhesome protein, α-parvin (PARVA), as a podocyte-specific mechanical linker. By employing a complementary approach involving both in vivo and in vitro models, they demonstrate that PARVA prevents podocyte detachment via mechano-adaptive remodeling of adhesion complexes. These observations suggest that insufficient linkage of a tensile actin cytoskeleton to integrin adhesion complexes is a causative mechanism in podocyte detachment in glomerular diseases.

Background

The cell-matrix adhesion between podocytes and the glomerular basement membrane is essential for the integrity of the kidney’s filtration barrier. Despite increasing knowledge about the complexity of integrin adhesion complexes, an understanding of the regulation of these protein complexes in glomerular disease remains elusive.

Methods

We mapped the in vivo composition of the podocyte integrin adhesome. In addition, we analyzed conditional knockout mice targeting a gene (Parva) that encodes an actin-binding protein (α-parvin), and murine disease models. To evaluate podocytes in vivo, we used super-resolution microscopy, electron microscopy, multiplex immunofluorescence microscopy, and RNA sequencing. We performed functional analysis of CRISPR/Cas9-generated PARVA single knockout podocytes and PARVA and PARVB double knockout podocytes in three- and two-dimensional cultures using specific extracellular matrix ligands and micropatterns.

Results

We found that PARVA is essential to prevent podocyte foot process effacement, detachment from the glomerular basement membrane, and the development of FSGS. Through the use of in vitro and in vivo models, we identified an inherent PARVB-dependent compensatory module at podocyte integrin adhesion complexes, sustaining efficient mechanical linkage at the filtration barrier. Sequential genetic deletion of PARVA and PARVB induces a switch in structure and composition of integrin adhesion complexes. This redistribution of these complexes translates into a loss of the ventral actin cytoskeleton, decreased adhesion capacity, impaired mechanical resistance, and dysfunctional extracellular matrix assembly.

Conclusions

The findings reveal adaptive mechanisms of podocyte integrin adhesion complexes, providing a conceptual framework for therapeutic strategies to prevent podocyte detachment in glomerular disease.
Prática de desportos coletivos na população envelhecida: síntese de evidências científicas
Authors: Rodrigues André , Afonso João , Ramalho André
Published: March 2022

A incapacidade para realizar as atividades rotineiras está positivamente correlacionada com o aumento da idade, com a inatividade física e com o excesso de comportamento sedentário diário. Uma estratégia passível de ser utilizada para incrementar a saúde biopsicossocial da população idosa consiste na sensibilização para a participação em atividades desportivas. O objetivo desta investigação foi sintetizar os estudos científicos primários produzidos no âmbito da prática de desportos coletivos na população idosa. Para tal, foi realizada uma revisão rápida de literatura. As revisões rápidas são uma forma de síntese de evidências científicas, onde as componentes do processo de revisão sistemática são simplificadas de forma a produzir informação relevante de forma atempada. Nesse sentido, foram definidos um conjunto alargado de critérios de elegibilidade, entre os quais foram considerados estudos que, por um lado, incorporassem os motivos que sustentam a prática de desportos coletivos e, por outro lado, transparecessem conclusões relativas aos benefícios dela provenientes. Posteriormente, foi desenvolvida uma estratégia de pesquisa sistemática de literatura em bases eletrónicas de dados científicos (bon, Pubmed e Web of Science). Os estudos foram incluídos na síntese final através de um processo de seleção por fases e os dados foram analisados através de uma análise temática indutiva. A opção pela prática de desportos coletivos deve ser cada vez mais incrementada na medida em que são consideradas atividades muito mais motivadoras e estimulantes. Nesse sentido, os técnicos de intervenção geriátrica devem entender os desportos coletivos,como porexemplo o Walking Football,enquanto versão adaptada daconfiguração tradicional do Futebol, como um mecanismo suscetível de ser concretizado uma vez que denota provocar efeitos benéficos tanto a nível intrapessoal como no âmbito dos vínculos sociais.