bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-risk pregnancy: fibroids and their impact on maternal and foetal health-insights from a prospective study
Authors: Singh Deepa , Gupta Bhumika , Masand Deepa L.
Published: November 2024

Background: Uterine fibroids are common benign tumors affecting women of reproductive age, with significant implications during pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by uterine fibroids.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 38 pregnant women with fibroids >2 cm diagnosed by ultrasonography. Patients were followed throughout pregnancy and postpartum period. Maternal characteristics, fibroid features, pregnancy complications, and fetal outcomes were analyzed.
Results: The mean age was 32.4 years, with 60.5% being primigravida. Intramural fibroids were most common (65.8%), followed by subserosal (28.9%) and submucosal (15.7%) including some patients with multiple fibroids. Common complications included preterm labor (26.3%), spontaneous abortion (15.8%), placental abnormalities (13.2%), and postpartum hemorrhage (21.1%). Caesarean section rate was 55.3%. Adverse fetal outcomes included small for gestational age (31.6%), preterm birth (26.3%), and NICU admission (23.7%).
Conclusions: Pregnancy with fibroids carries significant risks for both mother and fetus. Close antenatal surveillance and appropriate management strategies are essential for optimizing outcomes.
Evaluation of second trimester abortion methods in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Gupta Ayush , Gupta Ayushi , Bandil Bharti , Gupta Arvind
Published: November 2024

Background: Wishful termination of pregnancy is among the many rights of women’s health care and while the rate of abortions is much more in the first trimester, morbidity and complications increases as the pregnancy advances are much more in the second trimester. We assessed the various methods of second trimester abortion available in a tertiary care centre while evaluating the efficacy and safety profile of these methods.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 50 patients of age group 16-36-year admitted for spontaneous abortion or medical termination of pregnancy (MTP). Demographics, gestational age, parity and indication for abortion was evaluated and appropriate method offered. Induction abortion interval and various complications were noted and managed appropriately.
Results: Fifty patients of age group 16-36-year were included in this study. Majority of them were married and multiparous and presented early in second trimester between 12-16 weeks of gestation. Spontaneous abortion was seen in 14 cases and 9 cases had fetal anomalies requiring abortion. We found the mean abortion induction interval to be 15 hours and 8 min and the most common complication was fever seen in 12% of the patients.
Conclusions: Safe abortion services, particularly in second trimester should be made available to every women and improved policies and monitored services should be rendered for the same to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with it and give overall better outcome for the patient.
A community-based study on reproductive empowerment of women aged 15-49 years and associated factors in a rural area of Delhi
Authors: Vignitha B. , Smanla Shalini
Published: November 2024

Background: Reproductive health disparities persist globally, with a significant proportion of women lacking access to modern contraception despite desiring to control their fertility, leading to a substantial number of unintended pregnancies. This study aimed to assess the level of reproductive empowerment among married women in rural areas, specifically focusing on communication, decision-making, social support, and norms related to reproductive health.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural areas of south Delhi, with a sample size of 215 married women aged 15-49 years. Systematic random sampling was employed, and data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire validated in Hindi. The reproductive empowerment (RE) scale was utilized, comprising sub-scales related to healthcare provider communication, partner communication, decision-making, social support, and social norms. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, with a significance level set at p<0.05.
Results: The study reveals that 54.8% of the participants exhibited high levels of reproductive empowerment. The mean RE score was 3.09±0.39 out of 4, indicating moderate to high levels of empowerment. Sub-scale analysis showed higher scores in healthcare provider communication (3.91±0.28) compared to decision-making (2.93±0.65), partner communication (3.53±0.69), social support (2.19±0.89), and social norms (2.13±0.69).
Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of exploring reproductive empowerment as a specific entity and advocates for further research and interventions to promote women’s agency and decision-making autonomy in matters of reproductive health.
Study of prevalence of genital tract infection in preterm labour and preterm premature rupture of the membranes following fetomaternal outcomes
Authors: Bargaje Ganesh Mahadeo , Hussain Roshan
Published: November 2024

Background: Preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is a risk factor where loss of amniotic fluid prior to onset of labour in pregnancies <37 weeks of gestation as characterized by a painless flow of fluid from of the vagina, which leads to preterm labour (PTL). The objective was to investigate the prevalence of genital tract infection (GTI) infections in cases with PTL and PPROM, also find the common bacteria isolated in such cases, their sensitivity profile to antibiotics and neonatal outcome in tertiary care hospital located in central India.
Methods: A hospital-based prospective observational study was carried out among 60 pregnant women for the period of 1st July 2020 to 30th June 2021. More than half of the pregnant women were presenting as PPROM (53.3%) while a minimum value (46.7%) was presented PTL in the tertiary care hospital at Bhilai, Chhatisgarh.
Results: Among the various microorganisms isolated in HVS, a higher value was observed on CoNS (13.33%) followed by Candida sp. (8.33%) and Klebsiella sp. (5.00%) while lower value was observed for Pseudomonas sp. and E. coli (1.67%) among total studied patients. Maximum sensitivity observed with cefepime (66.7%), cefuroxime (55.6%), cefalexin (50.0%), cotrimoxazole (44.0%), vancomycin (44.0%) followed by ampicillin, lincomycin, penicillin, ceftazidime, clindamycin (38.9%) and minimum sensitivity observed with linezolid and teicoplanin (5.6%). Neonatal death did not show any statistically significant association with genital tract infections (GTI).
Conclusions: GTI is significant causative factors of PTL and PPROM. It is always suggested to screen and monitor the antenatal women for the presence of asymptomatic GTI infections.
First trimester blood indices: a predictor of early and late onset preeclampsia
Authors: Meera  , Patil Ambika
Published: November 2024

Background: Preeclampsia is a condition that falls under the hypertension spectrum and is more common in pregnant women who are 20 weeks or older. It causes complications in 2% to 8% of pregnancies. This study sought to identify haematological preeclampsia markers in pregnant women who received prenatal care at tertiary care centre at Vijayapur, Karnataka, India.
Methods: This was a case-control study conducted at a tertiary care centre in Vijayapura Karnataka, from 01 December 2023 to 31 May 2024. A total of 75 preeclamptic patients with early (<34 weeks of gestation) and late presentation (≥34 weeks of gestation) were selected as cases and equal number of normotensive pregnant females were taken as controls. All the cases and controls were analysed for blood indices. The means of continuous variables were compared with two tailed students t-test by using SPSS version 26.0 statistical software.
Results: In the present study, we observed that 75 patients with diagnosed cases of preeclampsia, among them, 42.1% were early onset preeclampsia and 56.6% were late onset. After comparing means of blood indices between early and late onset of preeclampsia showed, WBC (early- 17.92±0.98; late- 16.08±0.78), neutrophils (early- 77.52±1.22; late- 75.97±0.47), lymphocytes (early- 26.33±.2.78; late- 31.01±2.62), platelets (early- 128.59±2.22; late- 131.93±3.62), NLR (early- 2.97±0.28; late- 2.46±0.19), PLR (early- 4.93±0.46; late- 4.28±0.34) and the statistical significant difference (p<0.05) seen in these parameters. Blood indices of cases and controls were as follows, hemoglobin (cases-10.45±1.31; controls- 10.89±0.53), MCV (cases- 87.67±1.39; controls- 85.14±2.82), RDW (cases- 13.09±78; controls- 13.80±0.0), WBC (cases- 16.87±1.6; controls- 15.58±1.22), eosinophils (cases- 4.49±0.79; controls- 4.08±0.47), lymphocytes (cases- 29.01±3.54; controls- 22.73±0.86), platelets (cases- 130.16±3.50; controls- 132.16±3.98), NLR (cases- 2.68±0.34; controls- 3.65±4.09), PLR (cases- 4.55±0.51; controls- 5.82±0.24). There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between cases and controls in above parameters. According to these results, blood indices of preeclampsia with early and late onset differed significantly from healthy controls.
Conclusions: According to the study’s findings, elevated first-trimester RDW, WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, and NLR/PLR ratios may serve as clinically valuable indicators for preeclampsia prediction. Changes in several indicators point to a possible major role for inflammation in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.
Role of recombinant factor 7 in PPH: a new weapon in obstetrician’s armamentarium
Authors: Arun Aage Priti , Verma Savitri , Gandhi Sudha , Jourwal Aayush , Choudhary Neeraj , Noorani Zainab , Noorani Zainab
Published: November 2024

Background: Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is a life-threatening obstetric complication and the leading cause of maternal death. It is currently managed mainly through surgical interventions with simultaneous transfusion of blood and blood-derived. However, in critical conditions the achievement of hemostasis and reversal of coagulopathy becomes more difficult. Here we are sharing an experience of 41 cases of severe PPH with different causes of PPH treated with new noninvasive advancement, recombinant factor 7 in PPH.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study at Pannadhaya Rajkiya Mahila Chikitsalya Udaipur (Rajasthan) from May 2023 to December 2023. Here we are sharing an experience of 41 cases of severe PPH with different causes of PPH treated with new noninvasive advancement, recombinant factor 7 in PPH.
Results: Out of 41 cases clinical response to rFVIIa (defined as bleeding decreased or stopped at 1 hour post administration) was seen in 26/41 (63%) patients. There was mortality of 5 patients. So, the total mortality rate was 12% in our study.
Conclusions: Obstetric hemorrhage can progress rapidly and is strongly associated with the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Delayed correction of DIC is associated with a significant increase in morbidity and mortality. Rapid correction of coagulopathy with ongoing regular monitoring of coagulation status is often difficult to coordinate in the setting of acute life-threatening obstetric hemorrhage. Factor VII helps in haemostasis.
Study of causes and various modalities of management in postpartum hemorrhage at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Shivappa Marabasannanavar Sneha , Tankasali Manohar , Nagaraj Mamatha
Published: November 2024

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) remains a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to evaluate the causes and management strategies of postpartum haemorrhage at a tertiary care centre in India.
Methods: This hospital-based case series study was conducted at S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot, over 18 months from August 2022 to February 2024. The study included 35 cases diagnosed with postpartum haemorrhage, defined as blood loss ≥500 ml within 24 hours after vaginal birth or ≥1000 ml after caesarean delivery. Data was collected using a structured proforma through patient interviews and medical record reviews.
Results: Most postpartum haemorrhage cases (65.7%) occurred in women aged 20-30 years and in primiparas (65.7%). Uterine atony was the leading cause (68.6%), followed by genital trauma (31.4%). Medical management with misoprostol (94.3%) and oxytocin (91.4%) was most common, along with carboprost (74.2%). Mechanical management included uterine massage (68.6%) and bimanual compression (57.1%). Surgical interventions included uterine artery ligation (28.6%), B Lynch sutures (20%) and obstetric hysterectomy (11.4%). Most patients (71.4%) had extended hospital stays exceeding 5 days.
Conclusions: The findings emphasize the importance of having essential medications readily available and maintaining surgical expertise for managing severe cases. This study highlights the need for improved antenatal care, standardized management protocols, and early intervention strategies in similar healthcare settings.
Exploring the complexities of cornual and interstitial pregnancies-insights from a case series
Authors: Ramanidevi T. , Thendral N. , Bharathi V.
Published: November 2024

Cornual and Interstitial pregnancies represent a rare but potentially life-threatening condition requiring prompt diagnosis and intervention.  The current case series highlights the diversity of clinical presentations and management approaches. Each case highlights the importance of individualized care tailored to the patient's unique circumstances, including gestational age, hemodynamic stability, obstetric history, and anatomical considerations. Through these cases, we aim to unravel the intricacies of these ectopic pregnancy subtypes, highlight the importance of precise diagnostic criteria, and tailored management strategies for optimal patient outcomes. Additionally, we present a comprehensive review of existing literature to provide a nuanced understanding of these enigmatic clinical entities. The evaluation will extend to discussing various treatment strategies, highlighting both surgical and medical management.
Post vaginal hysterectomy serotonin syndrome
Authors: Downs Christian M. , Hrynewych Alexander
Published: November 2024

Serotonin syndrome is a potentially fatal complication associated with the use of methylene blue dye and antidepressants. Methylene blue is a dye commonly used to visualize structures in OB/GYN surgeries. Due to difficulty in manufacturing other dyes, more physicians will likely have to use methylene blue, thus making the knowledge of its monoamine oxidase inhibition properties even more vital in the prevention of serotonin syndrome complications. Serotonin syndrome is a potentially deadly disease that has a high likelihood of occurring if methylene blue is used concurrently with any type of serotonin modulating agent. While it is listed as a black box warning when used with anti-depressants, it is still relatively rare but should be considered in cases such as these.
Challenges in managing atypical eclampsia with limited resources: a case report from Yei State hospital, South Sudan
Authors: Elioba John L. R. , W. Nang David , A. Hakim Margret , Felix John K. , Kejo Erasto Keo K. , Taban Morbe
Published: November 2024

The overlap of symptoms between epilepsy and eclampsia can complicate the diagnosis and management of convulsions in pregnancy, especially in low-resource settings. This case report details the challenges faced in diagnosing and managing a primigravida woman with a known history of epilepsy who presented in labor with an intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) at Yei State hospital, South Sudan. After two generalized seizures, despite initially normal blood pressure, a diagnosis of atypical eclampsia was made. Life-saving decisions were taken, including emergency cesarean section (CS) under ketamine, highlighting the complexities of managing convulsions during pregnancy in resource-limited environments.
The perplexing entity of rudimentary uterine horn: a case report of tertiary care center
Authors: Arvindar  , Budaniya Suman
Published: November 2024

Congenital uterine anomalies (CUAs) are an uncommon type of female genital malformations caused by abnormal development of Mullerian ducts during embryogenesis. Patients with an obstructive uterine anomaly have a higher risk of developing gynaecological and obstetric complications that may present at menarche or later in life. We present a case of severe dysmenorrhea in a adult reproductive age group women caused by obstructive hematometra in a noncommunicating horn of the unicornuate uterus. A differential diagnosis of a possible anomaly was made using 2-dimensional pelvic ultrasonography, which was later confirmed using MRI that revealed an anomalous uterine cavity with a single left-sided cornua communicating with the cervix and a distended right-sided rudimentary horn. She underwent a right salpingectomy and right oophorectomy with rudimentary horn excision (hemi-hysterectomy), which was successfully managed by laparotomy. This case emphasizes the importance of physicians being cognizant in identifying patients with uterine anomaly to provide appropriate treatment and prevent adverse reproductive outcomes.
Blinking ureteric stents in total laparoscopic hysterectomy in a case of severe endometriosis: a case report
Authors: Dhandapani Kalyani S. , Jeyakumar Mary V.
Published: November 2024

Iatrogenic ureteric injury is one of the major concerns in minimally invasive surgery in gynecological surgeries. It is really challenging to trace the course of ureter in cases with distorted pelvic anatomy like pelvic adhesions, previous pelvic surgeries and endometriosis. Lighted ureteric stents are useful in tracing ureters in such difficult situations. We present a case with using lighted ureteric stent to trace the course of ureter and to minimize ureteric injury in total laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salphingo-oophrectomy in a patient with severe endometriosis.
Ovarian torsion in adolescent
Authors: Hansda Rosalin , Pandit Mahima , Ghosh Debmalya
Published: November 2024

Ovarian torsion is a gynaecological emergency which requires immediate surgical intervention for salvaging ovary and fertility. Ovarian torsions present with acute pelvic pain which is followed by autonomic reflex response (nausea, emesis and tachycardia). In this case report we are reporting a case of 19 years old female with acute pain abdomen and vomiting. On examination she had tenderness in lower abdomen which shifted more towards the left iliac fossa, ultrasound suggested an ovarian cyst of size 51×81×100 mm. Ovarian torsion was diagnosed and immediate laparotomy was done.
Unusual presentation of urinary tract infection with gross hematuria and bladder hematoma in pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Jain Kanchi , Shrigiriwar Mansi , Waikar Manjushree
Published: November 2024

A 21-year-old pregnant patient at 28 weeks gestation presented with gross hematuria, burning micturition, and lower abdominal pain over 2-3 days. Imaging revealed cystitis and bladder hematoma formation. Urinalysis showed leukocytes and numerous red blood cells, while urine culture was negative for significant organism growth. Treatment with injectable antibiotics and continuous bladder irrigation led to symptom resolution. This report highlights an unusual manifestation of urinary tract infection (UTI)-induced bladder hematoma in pregnancy presenting with gross hematuria.
Laparoscopic uteroneovaginal anastomosis in Mayer-Rokitansky Kuster-Hauser syndrome with functioning horns: a case report
Authors: Chatterjee Polly , Bhadra Avishek , Chatterjee Abhinibesh , Biswas Rumela
Published: November 2024

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is characterized by congenital absence of the upper two-thirds of the vagina and a rudimentary or absent uterus, resulting in primary amenorrhea while maintaining normal secondary sexual characteristics. This condition arises from the agenesis or hypoplasia of the mullerian ducts and has an incidence of 1 in 4,000 to 5,000 female births. While most patients possess a non-functioning rudimentary uterus, a minority have functioning endometrium, often leading to complications such as pelvic pain due to hematometra or endometriosis. Surgical interventions typically involve the excision of rudimentary uterine structures, which may relieve pain but eliminate menstruation and the potential for pregnancy. This case details a novel two-stage laparoscopic technique to restore utero-vaginal continuity, thereby enabling menstruation and potential future pregnancies. A 28-year-old woman with MRKH syndrome presented with cyclic abdominal pain since adolescence. Imaging revealed bilateral rudimentary uterine structures with functioning endometrium. A two-stage laparoscopic procedure was performed: initially creating a neovagina and anastomosing the uterine components, followed by re-anastomosis and placement of a copper T multiload 375. The patient experienced her first menstruation 20 days post second surgery, achieving regular cycles thereafter. Follow-up ultrasounds confirmed normal uterine morphology and endometrial thickness. This case underscores the importance of a holistic management approach for MRKH syndrome, and introducing innovative surgical techniques. Our reproducible laparoscopic procedure demonstrates promising outcomes for restoring menstrual function and reproductive potential in patients with a functioning endometrium.
Tinted glass sees the clear diagnosis: sign of ovarian mucinous cystadenoma
Authors: Shrivastava Amit , Saxena Ashima , Jindal Gunjan , Garg Preeti , Batish Yoshita
Published: November 2024

Ovarian mucious cystadenoma are commonly affecting the women with age group of 20-40 years and benign in nature. Due to varying cystic contents within heterogeneous signal intensities are noted on MRI looks like stained-glass window sign and acts as a distinguishing characteristic. Recognizing the stained-glass window sign enables timely and accurate care of ovarian neoplasms and increases diagnostic confidence.
RESOLUÇÃO N.º 125-CNJ: DIVISOR DE ÁGUAS NO PODER JUDICIÁRIO
Authors: Reis Wanderlei José dos
Published: November 2024

O artigo analisa os impactos no âmbito judicial e extrajudicial da Resolução n.º 125/2010-CNJ, que promoveu um verdadeiro divisor de águas no Poder Judiciário ao instituir a Política Judiciária Nacional de Tratamento Adequado dos Conflitos de Interesses, uma política pública inédita na Justiça visando à melhoria dos serviços prestados, disseminando a cultura da pacificação social – em contraposição à cultura do litígio –, tendo no Centro Judiciário de Solução de Conflitos e Cidadania (CEJUSC), “filho mais novo da família judiciária brasileira”, o principal protagonista do atendimento aos ditames constitucionais de acesso à justiça, da razoável duração do processo, da dignidade da pessoa humana e da supremacia do interesse público e promovendo outras quebras de paradigmas na Justiça nacional por representar, como Tribunal Multiportas, a porta de entrada ao sistema autocompositivo nacional, em especial na fase pré-processual. Destaca, à luz dos direitos humanos, a importância dos métodos consensuais de resolução de conflitos e a necessidade de uma mudança de paradigma da cultura do litígio para a cultura da paz, que deve ser cultivada, em todas as instâncias, por meio de pautas afirmativas.
Palavras-chave: Direitos fundamentais; Serviço judiciário; CEJUSC; Pacificação social; Razoável duração do processo; Métodos autocompositivos; Acesso à ordem jurídica justa.
ESTUDO DE CASO DO ALGODÃO AGROECOLÓGICO AGROFLORESTAL EM SANTO ANTÔNIO DO LEVERGER, MT
Authors: Silva Wendel Carvalho Joaquim , Silva Gabrielly Cristiny Magalhães , Nobre Henderson Gonçalves , Stieven Ana Carla , Campos Daniela Tiago da Silva
Published: November 2024

O cultivo do algodão agroecológico possibilita que a indústria têxtil tenha uma pluma de origem sustentável com impactos socioambientais positivos pela não utilização de insumos sintéticos de fontes não renováveis. Em um contexto em que a demanda mundial por produtos de desenvolvimento sustentável que contribuam com o meio ambiente crescem a cada dia faz-se necessária a criação de tecnologias acessíveis a todas as escalas de agricultores. O objetivo desse trabalho foi acompanhar o cultivo agroecológico do algodão em sistema agroflorestal (SAF). Trata-se de relato de experiencia acerca do cultivo agroecológico do algodão. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental da UFMT, no Vale do Rio Cuiabá. A área experimental total foi de 3360 m2 (56 x 60 m) foi subdividida em quatro blocos de 840 m (14 x 60 m). Cada bloco foi composto por duas linhas de árvores frutíferas e arbóreas e doze linhas de algodão. O algodão foi semeado de forma manual e mecanizada e em espaçamentos diferentes. Observou-se que o cultivo mais adensado entra plantas 0,30 x 0,80 m foi o que proporcionou a maior produção da pluma.  O espaçamento maior entre linhas facilita o manejo de plantas espontâneas.
Palavras-chave: Alternativa de manejo; Produtividade; Sustentabilidade.
O ARQUITETO-PROFESSOR E O IMPACTO DO AVANÇO TECNOLÓGICO PARA A DOCÊNCIA NO CURSO DE ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO
Authors: Rezende Mariana Reimão de Arruda , Olini Polyana
Published: November 2024

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa descritiva como objetivo de caracterizar o fenômeno da evolução digital na docência, especificamente no curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). Identifica fatores determinantes de causa e efeito, por meio da metodologia ex-post-facto, para relacioná-los e refletir sobre benefícios e prejuízos decorrentes da introdução de tecnologias digitais na docência em Arquitetura e Urbanismo. Realiza uma análise documental de conhecimento histórico e evolutivo sobre o surgimento do curso no Brasil e na UFMT; ao mesmo tempo analisa, interpreta e compara dados levantados de matrizes curriculares do curso em questão. É relevante salientar a importância dessa pesquisa na contribuição para formação dos futuros arquitetos, visto que retrata mudanças significativas que ocorreram diretamente na ação profissional, e consequentemente na atuação do arquiteto-professor. Dessa forma, a pesquisa contribui com a inevitável integração entre arquitetura, docência e tecnologia reformulada ao longo dos anos e a importância do arquiteto-professor em equilibrá-las.
Palavras-Chave: Arquiteto-Professor; Docência; Ensino Superior; Tecnologia digital.
EFEITOS DA INTERVENÇÃO FONOAUDIOLÓGICA EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS COM COMORBIDADES
Authors: Silva Weslainy Letícia Gomes Balduino , Oliveira Eliane Gomes Fernandes de , Santos Andréia Cristina Muzlinger dos , Caldas Claudia de Souza Ozores
Published: November 2024

A presente pesquisa visou analisar os efeitos da intervenção fonoaudiológica na transição da alimentação por via oral em recém-nascidos com comorbidades. Trata-se de um estudo experimental realizado em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. Inicialmente foi aplicado o instrumento de Avaliação da Prontidão do Prematuro para Início da Alimentação Oral. Posteriormente, foi feita intervenção fonoaudiológica diária com estimulação da sucção não nutritiva e treino funcional da deglutição até a alta fonoaudiológica. Na última sessão, foi reaplicado o instrumento de avaliação de prontidão. Participaram 80 recém-nascidos com comorbidades, com predomínio de comorbidades respiratórias (52,5%). Após a intervenção fonoaudiológica houve um aumento significativo da prontidão para a alimentação oral, redução do uso de sonda e aumento significativo de recém-nascidos com alta hospitalar em aleitamento materno exclusivo no seio (83,75%). Houve uma melhora significativa para todos os reflexos orais avaliados, assim como os parâmetros da sucção não nutritiva e nutritiva dos recém-nascidos com comorbidades. O tempo mínimo para alta fonoaudiológica foi de 2 dias, o tempo médio de 13 dias e o máximo de 52 dias. A intervenção fonoaudiológica promoveu a seguridade alimentar e alta hospitalar precoce aos recém-nascidos com comorbidades com melhora dos parâmetros da sucção nutritiva e não nutritiva.
Palavras-chave: Recém-nascido; Intervenção precoce; Comportamento de sucção; Comorbidades.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DAS CRIANÇAS VÍTIMAS DO TRABALHO INFANTIL
Authors: Brambilla Ricardo de Almeida , Pinheiro Maria Eduarda de Arruda , Tapanoti Giovana Bezerra , Rojas Ana Beatriz Mendes , Souza Rafaella Dias de , Ocampos Lauren Cristiane de Leite
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A partir do século XVIII a infância e a adolescência passaram a ser compreendidas como fases distintas e merecedoras de cuidados especiais, algo consolidado por leis como o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente de 1990. No entanto, essa idealização da infância e adolescência não é plenamente refletida na realidade, especialmente em regiões como o estado de Mato Grosso (MT), onde o trabalho infantil persiste de forma significativa, tanto em áreas rurais quanto urbanas. Diante disso, o presente artigo tem por objetivo a análise do perfil epidemiológico das crianças e adolescentes vítimas do trabalho infantil em MT. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo, analítico que realizará a análise do sistema de informação SINAN/Tabwin dos anos de 2019 a 2021 do perfil epidemiológico das crianças e adolescentes vítimas do trabalho infantil. Resultados e discussão: a análise demonstrou que as maiores incidências de acidentes de trabalho infantil ocorrem na população masculina, parda, com 17 anos de idade, nas ocupações de carpinteiro e mecânico de manutenção de automóveis e motocicletas, e ocorrem nas instalações do contratante. Conclusão: Entende-se que o trabalho infantil em MT persiste devido a fatores históricos, sociais e culturais, apesar dos avanços legais para proteger crianças e adolescentes. A prevalência do trabalho infantil em áreas rurais e urbanas reflete a desigualdade social e econômica, destacando a necessidade de políticas públicas mais eficazes. Estudar o perfil das vítimas é crucial para desenvolver estratégias de intervenção que protejam essa população vulnerável e ajudem a erradicar essa prática.
Palavras-chave: acidentes de trabalho; perfil epidemiológico; trabalho infantil.
PERCEPÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL SOBRE O DISTÚRBIO DE VOZ E FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO TRABALHO
Authors: Santos Andréia Cristina Munzlinger dos , Guimarães Lenir Vaz , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a percepção dos professores do ensino fundamental sobre o distúrbio de voz e os fatores associados. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal com a participação de 77 professores do ensino fundamental de cinco escolas municipais de Cuiabá-MT. Foi aplicado o Questionário Condição de Produção Vocal - Professor para a coleta dos dados sociodemográficos, organização e ambiente de trabalho, estilo de vida, estado de saúde e satisfação com a própria voz; e o Índice de Triagem para Distúrbio de Voz para avaliar a percepção sobre sintomas vocais e o distúrbio de voz. Foram calculadas frequências absolutas e relativas das variáveis e feita análise bivariada e múltipla por Regressão de Poisson. Resultados: O distúrbio de voz foi percebido por 49,35% dos professores, os sintomas mais frequentes foram garganta seca, secreção na garganta, rouquidão e cansaço ao falar. Os fatores de risco associados ao distúrbio de voz foram trabalho repetitivo (RP=1,81; IC95%: 1,15-2,82), carregar peso com frequência (RP=1,84; IC95%: 1,20-2,80) e a insatisfação com a própria voz (RP=2,55; IC95%:1,52-4,28). Atuar em duas ou mais escolas foi considerado um fator de proteção (RP = 0,57; IC95%: 0,35 – 0,92). Conclusão: Os professores do ensino fundamental apresentaram relato de distúrbio de voz com a ocorrência de sintomas vocais e fatores associados ao trabalho. Diante dos resultados, infere-se que neste público é essencial a prática de ações promotoras da saúde para melhores condições de vida e de trabalho.
Palavras-chave: Professores de Ensino Fundamental; Percepção; Distúrbios da Voz.
A Corruption in Nigeria Criminal Judicial System. Assessment of The Predisposing Situational Factors.
Authors: Omaji Ukatu James
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is examining situational factors contributing to corruption in Nigeria criminal judicial system. To achieve this purpose, four research questions were used to guide the study. Review of literature was made conceptually, theoretically, and empirically. This study employs a survey research design and a total of 1201 participants were selected for the study. A questionnaire titled ‘Situational Factors and Corruption in Judicial System in Nigeria (SFCJSN)’, was used for data collection. The questionnaire was validated, and the reliability was established using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient whose coefficient obtained indicated a high level of internal consistency among the questionnaire items. Data collection was carried out by trained research assistants and analysed using simple linear regression and the result showed that institutional weaknesses, resource constraints. Political interference and enforcement mechanisms predict corruption within Nigeria's judicial system. It was recommended that targeted policy interventions should be made to address institutional weaknesses, such as enhancing transparency, accountability, and integrity mechanisms within the judiciary. Policy reforms should focus on strengthening legal frameworks, improving judicial administration, and bolstering anti-corruption measures to prevent and combat corrupt practices effectively.
El régimen tributario y la economía popular y solidaria en el Ecuador
Authors: Mogrovejo Juan Carlos
Published: November 2024

Reconocida la organización popular y solidaria como elemento basilar en la composición y edificación del sistema económico ecuatoriano anclado a un modelo social y solidario, resulta menester pasar revista al desarrollo de la institución que expone ya tres lustros de vigencia en el marco de un amplio y diversificado despliegue por esferas y objetivos. Tratamiento que en atención a los alcances de este trabajo se remite al ámbito tributario en un contexto que relieva el imperativo constitucional por forjar y consolidar una forma de organización que incorporada al tejido económico nacional coadyuve a la construcción de un sistema equilibrado, plural e inclusivo, en correspondencia con los más caros afanes de desarrollo económico y social que involucra, por lo mismo, la participación de múltiples actores de la sociedad y en donde el componente tributario en condiciones atenuadas figura como eslabón necesario para el posicionamiento de este crucial sector de la economía.
Recibido: 13 marzo 2024 Aceptado: 12 junio 2024
El derecho humano a la inclusión financiera: ¿El Sector Financiero Popular y Solidario ha contribuido a su real materialización en el Ecuador?
Authors: León María Augusta
Published: November 2024

Uno de los factores para un crecimiento económico inclusivo es el acceso a de la población al sistema financiero formal. El presente artículo busca evidenciar la relación entre el derecho humano a la inclusión y el Sector financieros popular y solidario. Para ello, el trabajo explora el alcance del derecho humano a la inclusión financiera y su estrecha vinculación con los principios de este Sector. Finalmente, esta contribución enfoca el aporte del Sector en la concretización de la bancarización en el Ecuador. El artículo se fundamenta en fuentes bibliográficas especializadas y en índices provenientes de bases de datos relacionadas con el sistema financiero ecuatoriano.
Recibido: 03 julio 2024 Aceptado: 15 septiembre 2024
Las tecnologías grupales de crédito en el Ecuador: análisis situacional en las Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito
Authors: Oñate-Paredes Carlos Andrés
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la pertinencia de los productos de crédito ofrecidos por las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito del segmento 1 del Ecuador, con énfasis en la importancia que tienen las tecnologías de crédito grupales solidarias para prestamistas y prestatarios. El texto analiza la relación de los créditos grupales con la Economía Popular y Solidaria, así como los potenciales beneficios que tendría su implementación en las operaciones de las cooperativas y también en el ámbito social y económico de los prestatarios. El levantamiento de revisión bibliográfica sobre experiencias de tecnologías de crédito grupal en el Ecuador, determina el poco interés del Sistema Financiero Nacional (SFN) en entregar créditos grupales solidarios; de hecho, solamente un 4% de cooperativas de ahorro y crédito del segmento 1 ofrecen este tipo de préstamos a sus socios en la actualidad. Las conclusiones de la investigación se dirigen a contrastar las bondades de las tecnologías de crédito grupales solidarias como forma de minimizar problemas de selección adversa, versus la realidad normativa y económica del SFN, así como entender que, si bien son necesarios procesos de inclusión financiera en el Ecuador, aparentemente no hay interés mayoritario en las cooperativas del segmento 1 de atender esta problemática desde el desarrollo e implementación tecnologías de crédito alternativas.
Recibido: 24 abril 2024 Aceptado: 15 junio 2024
Sobre bebês e escolhas alimentares: o que pensam as avós?
Authors: Fernandez Annelise Caetano Fraga , Serrão Patrícia dos Santos , Santos Miriam de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

O artigo busca analisar as mudanças na introdução alimentar de bebês ao longo dos anos. Trata-se da revisão bibliográfica com análise de entrevistas realizadas com avós de classe média da Zona Sul da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Nas primeiras seções, é apresentado o referencial teórico. O ponto de vista das avós sobre os processos que envolvem a introdução alimentar dos bebês é privilegiado, abordando as formas de aprendizado, as relações mãe e filha, sogra e nora, as práticas, técnicas e tipos de alimentos selecionados. Apesar de a análise estar restrita ao universo social específico de famílias de classe média carioca, acredita-se que este estudo contribua para o debate sobre mudança de padrões alimentares e construção social do gosto. As principais conclusões destacam mudança na introdução alimentar ao longo de uma geração, maior preocupação em relação ao consumo de sal e açúcar, e evitar produtos industrializados e ultraprocessados.
Instabilidade dos tipos humanos
Authors: Boas Franz
Published: November 2024

Tradução do texto:
BOAS, Franz. Instability of human types. In: Papers on inter-racial problems, communicated to the first Universal Races Congress, held at the University of London. London: P.S. King & son, 1911. p. 99-103. Disponível em: https://archive.org/details/papersoninterrac00univiala/page/102/mode/2up. 
Tradução de Fernanda Müller e revisão de Luiz Eduardo Abreu.
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy supported with HFNC/NIV as promising management in patients with high risk of respiratory failure
Authors: Gawęda Szymon , Rycerski Mikołaj , Pawlus Zuzanna , Danel Anna , Oraczewska Aleksandra , Dubik Paweł , Skoczyński Szymon
Published: November 2024

Wprowadzenie

Bronchofiberoskopia (fiberoptic bronchoscopy – FOB) to małoinwazyjna procedura medyczna, powszechnie używana w diagnostyce i leczeniu chorób układu oddechowego. Zabieg jest na ogół dobrze tolerowany i istnieje niewiele przeciwwskazań do jego stosowania. Podczas FOB wprowadzany bronchofiberoskop powoduje ostre zwężenie dróg oddechowych, mogące skutkować rozwinięciem się lub zaostrzeniem niewydolności oddychania (respiratory failure – RF). Z tego powodu pacjenci z RF mogą zostać zdyskwalifikowani z zabiegu bronchoskopowego. Nieinwazyjne techniki wspomagania oddechu, takie jak donosowa terapia wysokoprzepływowa (high-flow nasal cannula – HFNC) oraz maska do wentylacji nieinwazyjnej (non-invasive ventilation – NIV), są cenionymi metodami wsparcia układu oddechowego u pacjentów z RF, jednak możliwości ich wykorzystania u pacjentów poddawanych FOB są wciąż niejasne.

Opis przypadków

W opracowaniu opisano przypadki pięciu pacjentów poddanych bronchoskopii z różnych wskazań. W dwóch przypadkach rozpoznano guza krtani, w jednym obecność ciała obcego powikłanego nawracającymi zapaleniami płuc, u jednej pacjentki zapalenie płuc związane z przedłużoną intubacją, a w ostatnim przypadku RF po udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu. W każdym przypadku podczas FOB zastosowano wsparcie oddychania w postaci HFNC lub NIV z powodu wysokiego ryzyka rozwoju lub zaostrzenia RF. Parametry HFNC i NIV ustawiono zgodnie z założeniami dwóch trwających obecnie badań randomizowanych.

Wnioski

Metody wsparcia oddechowego, takie jak HFNC oraz NIV, są obiecującymi metodami u pacjentów z wysokim ryzykiem rozwinięcia się RF podczas FOB.
Secondary School Students' STEM Education Anxiety: The Role of Teachers’ Teaching Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Outcome Expectancy Beliefs
Authors: Khan Md. Iftakharul Islam , Rahman Jakia
Published: November 2024

STEM education is a method of instruction that allows students to apply concepts from science, technology, engineering, and mathematics to a variety of contexts, preparing students for the real world by teaching them to respond to change and equipping them with skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity and STEM anxiety is the worry, avoidance, or fear of studying science or mathematics. The study sought to investigate the relationship between students' STEM education anxiety and instructors' self-efficacy and expectancy-value beliefs, as there has been little empirical research into the impact of such factors on anxiety. This study examined the association between Bangladeshi secondary school students' STEM education anxiety and their teachers' own teaching efficacy and teaching outcome expectancy beliefs. The convenience sampling method was used to collect responses from 165 secondary school pupils and their 50 teachers. Surveys were administered to assess teachers' self-efficacy and outcome expectations, as well as students' STEM education anxiety. The analyses included mean, standard deviation, correlation, independent sample t-test, and multiple regression analysis. Teachers’ teaching efficacy and beliefs (PTEB) and teaching outcome expectancy beliefs (TOEB) were negatively correlated with students’ STEM education anxiety. The study highlights how teachers' self-efficacy and outcome expectations affect students' STEM-related anxiety.
Literature Review on Psychosis in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Otu Mkpoikanke Sunday
Published: November 2024

Abstract: The scoping review explores the prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of psychosis in Sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the unique cultural and systemic challenges faced in the region. Despite an estimated global psychosis prevalence of 3%, Sub-Saharan Africa experiences a disproportionate burden, exacerbated by poverty, under-resourced healthcare systems, and cultural stigmas. Studies report a varying prevalence of psychotic symptoms across different countries, such as Kenya (8%) and Tanzania (3.9%). However, due to minimal mental health resources, psychosis often remains undiagnosed or untreated, particularly in rural areas. The review emphasizes the cultural lens through which psychosis is viewed, with many communities attributing symptoms to witchcraft, spiritual possession, or divine punishment. Consequently, individuals frequently seek care from traditional healers before accessing formal psychiatric services. The stigma surrounding mental illness further deters timely medical intervention, often leading to prolonged untreated psychosis and poor health outcomes. Diagnosis of psychosis in Sub-Saharan Africa faces additional barriers due to the reliance on Western diagnostic tools, such as the DSM-5 and ICD-10, which may not align with local cultural norms. Behaviors considered psychotic in Western contexts might be interpreted as spiritual experiences in African settings. As such, the absence of culturally adapted diagnostic instruments complicates accurate diagnosis and treatment. The treatment landscape is similarly complex, with limited access to psychotropic medications and mental health professionals. The scarcity of community-based mental health services results in long treatment delays and high relapse rates. The review calls for developing culturally appropriate diagnostic tools, expanding mental health services, and addressing stigma to improve psychosis care in Sub-Saharan Africa. Addressing these issues is essential to reducing the burden of untreated mental illness and enhancing mental health outcomes in the region.
Keywords: Psychosis; Sub-Saharan Africa; mental health; diagnosis; Treatment.
Los árboles impulsores de vitalidad urbana en el espacio público
Authors: Gonzales Quispe Sisay Gabriela , Orellana Tapia Máximo Juvenal
Published: November 2024

Resumen
Los árboles como organismos vivos y estructuras, son el hábitat de fauna silvestre, proveen a la ciudad y sus habitantes de múltiples beneficios. Con base en la teoría de la biofilia, son elementos que  motivan al deseo por conducirse, moverse y permanecer más tiempo en determinados espacios urbanos, cualidades presentes y abordadas en el estudio de la vitalidad urbana de las ciudades. El presente estudio plantea la hipótesis de que el arbolado, bajo un enfoque biofílico, tiene un rol en la vitalidad urbana en dos de los parques de la ciudad de Huancayo, departamento de Junín, país Perú. Para la variable arbolado urbano, se estudió sus dimensiones: características físicas, cobertura arbórea, y hábitat de fauna; mientras que para la variable vitalidad del parque, se consideró la observación de patrones de movimiento de los visitantes como la distribución o preferencia espacial, los tiempos de permanencia, diversidad de actividades y datos demográficos de los usuarios. Se utilizaron múltiples configuraciones de modelo lineal generalizado (GLM) para evaluar la relación. Los resultados dan a conocer que el arbolado tiene un rol significativo en la vitalidad de los parques, características como la altura y copa son significativas, aunque este rol se expresa de forma diferente según las características de configuración del parque, para el parque Tupac Amaru (ꭓ2=28.953, gl=13,p=0.007) y el parque Grau (ꭓ2=24.299, gl=13,p=0.028). El estudio tiene un aporte directo en la, gestión y diseño de parques desde un enfoque biofílico.
Los espacios abiertos universitarios
Authors: Sandoval Abner
Published: November 2024

La evolución de los centros universitarios viene orientándose hacia la reconfiguración de sus espacios abiertos como una extensión natural de los ambientes formativos interiores y a su vez desempeñándose no solo como contenedores de las diversas interacciones sociales de sus ocupantes sino también como escenarios benefactores para la salud físico-mental. Los referentes mostrados se ubican en la ciudad de Lima y reflejan la valoración y configuración protagónica de los espacios abiertos a través de su posicionamiento como ejes principales de diseño respaldando lo enunciado en la literatura científica. El presente artículo busca contribuir a un cambio de perspectiva de los diferentes tipos de espacios abiertos universitarios, percibidos como los vacíos exteriores de naturaleza pasiva, desatendidos durante la etapa de crecimiento de la infraestructura educativa latinoamericana de las últimas décadas, y presentarlos como componentes dinámicos, elementales y facilitadores de las actividades informales del estudiante capaces de cooperar con los espacios de enseñanza formal en la obtención de entornos favorables para los procesos integrales del aprendizaje.