bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TANK CONTAINER FOR TRANSPORTATION OF VEGETABLE OILS UNDER IMPACT TEST
Authors:   State Enterprise «Ukrainian Railway Car Building Research Institute», Tretiak E.V.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the assessment of the fat – and-oil industry of Ukraine. Leaders of the largest producers of sunflower oil in Ukraine were determined in percentage terms; they are LLC "European Transport Stevedoring Company" (6.6% of total production), LLC Optimus Agro Trade (6.1%), LLC Pridneprovsky SEZ, Ltd (4.7%) and PJSC "Vinnitsa OZHK" (4.7%). The development of oil and fat enterprises of Ukraine was analyzed and the main problems were identified, which include the choice of transportation means of vegetable oils from factories to the seaport and the territorial location of factories producing vegetable oils. It is established that at present the currently relevant type of transportation of bulk cargo has become tank containers, as transportation in them is carried out without intermediate overflow of the product when changing the mode of transport, which ensures the increased safety of transportation and cargo, as well as contributing to the environmental security during the transportation process. The article includes the classification of tank containers and identification of the main world manufacturers of chemical and food tank containers. It is determined that the construction of the tank container should withstand the action of its own forces of inertia, which occur during the movement of the vehicle, as well as under impact of wagons that occur during shunting operations, including gravity marshalling yard, emergency braking and other emergencies that may occur during operation under the following accelerations: in the longitudinal direction Pпр it is 2 g; in transverse direction Pп it is 1 g; in the vertical direction Pв it is 2 g; under impact: for a loaded container with dangerous goods the acceleration is 4 g; for a loaded container with a safe cargo it is 2 g; for an empty container (to check the fittings) it is 5 g. The paper describes the procedure for obtaining dynamic characteristics of a tank-container for transporting vegetable oils placed on a platform car under impact tests. The presented example of obtaining the values of accelerations that act on the load-bearing structure of the tank-container under impact shows that the designed construction of the tank-container meets the regulatory requirements for strength characteristics.
SELECTION OF INTERVAL FOR BRAKING TIME PARTIONING TO DETERMINE THE BRAKING DISTANCE OF A FREIGHT TRAIN
Authors:   State Enterprise «Ukrainian Railway Car Building Research Institute», Makeieva O.G
Published: December 2020

According to GOST 34434-2018 the brake distance of the freight train is determined by summing up increase of the brake distance at intervals of the braking time. Value of the braking distance will depend on the value of the temporary interval at which the braking time is divided from the begging of the braking to the full stop of the freight train. For this reason it is necessary to choose the temporary interval value at which calculated braking distance of the freight train will correspond to real values. The task was solved by the method of determination of the freight train braking distance for a given range of the intervals values Δti: from (0,07 – 1,2) with a step of 0,01 s and 0,1 s. It is shown that a value of the temporary interval influences the braking distance. The range of interval values was determined (0,07 – 0,1) s, at which braking distances have the maximum value for preserving stability, with this it was determined that beyond the range the values of braking distances were decreased. Integration of the differential equation of the freight train operation ac-cording to the new rules is performed by summing up increases of the braking distance at braking time intervals. It was proposed to determine the braking distance of the freight train according to the temporary interval which is 0,1 s.
SAFETY OF GOODS INDICIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL EXHAUST GASES OF LOCOMOTIVES, WHITH EXTENDED SERVICE LIFE AFTER OVERHAUL RECONDITIONING
Authors:   State Enterprise «Ukrainian Railway Car Building Research Institute», Semko Z.O.
Published: December 2020

This article is the first in a series of related publications urgent in the field of railway transport, namely absence of new traction rolling stock and the presence of existing in operation, the condition of which remains uncommented. The article is concerned with the requirements specified in normative documents for the environmental security indices of diesel locomotives operated on the railways of Ukraine, the volume and qualitative characteristics of environmental indices, which must be checked before the operation of the repaired or upgraded locomotive is given; the impact of overhaul reconditioning or modernization measures of locomotives on the environmental indices of exhaust gases was determined. In the context of the article, it is reasonable to consider the safety requirements of the main, even the only source of exhaust gases - internal combustion engines used on locomotives (general view of locomotives is shown in Fig. 1). Safety requirements for engines and methods of their control are usually set in the technical specifications, design and operating documentation for engines of certain types. Engines must also meet the requirements of national technical regulations and national standards for them, taking into account their operational functions for which they are intended. In this case, any danger to personnel, which may occur during the operation of the engine, as a necessary element of the overall system to create a moving force (e.g. locomotive engine), its moving parts, hot surfaces, should be minimal. During the design of engines their purpose, operating conditions, environmental conditions, as well as characteristics of used materials, in particular the brand of diesel fuel should be taken into account. Special attention should be paid to the structure safety of: fuel supply systems; lubrication and cooling systems; engine control systems. The physical factors of dangerous and harmful effect include: moving elements; hot surfaces; exhaust gases; increased noise level; increased vibration level; flame emissions; - excess pressure in the crankcase; electric current. The chemical factors of dangerous and harmful effect include: harmful components of exhaust gases; fuel and fuel vapor; lubrication and its vapour; coolant; non-metallic materials. According to the lists of physical and chemical factors of dangerous and harmful effects of engines, one of the most important is indices of exhaust gases of diesel engines.
Научные труды 2020
Authors:   Институт народнохозяйственного прогнозирования РАН
Published: December 2020

В очередном томе Научных трудов ИНП РАН представлены статьи по широкому кругу вопросов теории и практики анализа и прогнозирования национальной и региональной экономик, их секторов. Рассматриваются вопросы совершенствования теоретических подходов и прогнозно-аналитического инструментария экономических исследований, обсуждаются варианты решения ряда насущных проблем в области макроэкономики, социальной политики, устойчивого развития, энергетики и финансов. Предлагаются подходы к прогнозированию экономического развития под влиянием пандемии COVID-19 и связанных с ней ограничений на экономическую деятельность.
Экономический анализ рынков электромобилей в мире и крупнейших странах и регионах
Authors: Ростовский Й.-К.
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена исследованию электромобилей, как технологии, которая в ближайшем будущем должна будет заменить автомобили с двигателем внутреннего сгорания (ДВС). В силу стремительного развития технологии актуально анализировать ситуацию на рынках и изменения технико-экономических характеристик. Приведены оценки экономики электромобиля в сравнение с автомобилями с ДВС. Проанализированы исторические и будущие цены на аккумуляторные батареи. Проведен анализ мирового рынка электромобилей, ежегодных продаж и парка по миру в целом и крупнейшим странам.
Анализ и оценка перспектив производства и потребления энергоресурсов в Китае
Authors:   ИНП РАН, Ситников П.В.
Published: December 2020

В статье проводится анализ текущего состояния, тенденций развития и потенциала производства и потребления энергоресурсов в Китае. Также приведены прогнозные инерционные оценки потребления основных энергоресурсов до 2050 г. Это создает условия для оценки перспективы взаимодействия между странами и разработки стратегии поставок энергоресурсов из России в Китай.
Анализ основных проблем централизованного теплоснабжения в России на современном этапе
Authors: Терентьева А.С.
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются наиболее заметные проблемы в сфере теплоснабжения: недоинвестированность и финансовое неблагополучие отрасли, низкая эффективность производства и передачи тепла и высокий износ оборудования. Для решения в том числе и названных проблем в рамках реформирования теплоснабжения Правительством РФ был введен метод альтернативной котельной. В заключительной части статьи проанализированы проекты реализующихся концессий и альткотельных и дана оценка их роли.
Возможности и ограничения использования опыта ЕС в контексте разработки политики коллективной продовольственной безопасности ЕАЭС
Authors:   ИНП РАН, Ксенофонтов М.Ю. , Ползиков Д.А. ,   ИНП РАН, Урус А.В. ,   ИНП РАН
Published: December 2020

В статье описывается эволюция Единой сельскохозяйственной политики Европейского союза и анализируется её влияние на ситуацию в сфере продовольственного обеспечения. Обосновывается вывод о качественном различии проблемных ситуаций, в которых формировались концепции коллективной продовольственной безопасности ЕС и ЕАЭС. Это определяет сложности переноса опыта европейской интеграции в практику разработки агропродовольственной политики ЕАЭС.
Конкурентоспособность российской экономики: возможности измерения и графическая визуализация
Authors:   ИНП РАН, Узяков М.Н. , Узяков Р.М. ,   ИНП РАН
Published: December 2020

В статье предпринята попытка с использованием данных межотраслевых балансов оценить относительный уровень, а также динамику технологического развития российской экономики и ее отдельных секторов на протяжении нескольких десятилетий.
Инновационно-насыщенные инвестиции в машиностроении: внешнеэкономические эффекты
Authors:   ИНП РАН, Борисов В.Н. , Почукаева О.В.
Published: December 2020

Предложен метод прогнозно-аналитических исследований развития машиностроения на основе инновационно-технологических факторов, базирующийся на изучении зависимости эффективности производственной и внешнеэкономической деятельности от инновационной насыщенности инвестиций. Метод основан на построении матриц эффектов, отражающих эффективность инновационной насыщенности инвестиций в отраслевом разрезе с различной степенью детализации от укрупненных отраслевых показателей до отдельных видов продукции. Предложенный метод может быть использован для пространственных характеристик инвестиционной деятельности по оценкам инвестиционной насыщенности инвестиций в регионах. На основе полученных результатов построен вариант прогноза развития производственной и внешнеэкономической деятельности в отечественном машиностроении.
Риски здоровья населения при изменении климата Арктического макрорегиона
Authors:   ИНП РАН, Ревич Б.А.
Published: December 2020

Изменения климата на территории России наиболее выражены в Арктическом макрорегионе. Для этой территории определены основные направления Национального плана адаптации (НАП) к климатическим изменениям. Ожидается определенное снижение «зимней» смертности, но волны жары провоцируют увеличение смертности от заболеваний органов кровообращения и дыхания. Необходимо внедрение новых систем раннего оповещения о неблагоприятных метеорологических условиях. Необходимы также исследования по климатозависимым инфекционным заболеваниям - сальмонеллезу, дизентерии, иерсиниозу и другим ОКИ, а также особо опасным зоонозным инфекциям. Потепление климата влечет также и риск нарушения традиционного природопользования коренными малочисленными народами севера, термического режима мест хранения продуктов питания. Необходим междисциплинарный подход по созданию НАП в различных частях Арктического макрорегиона.
Оценка интенсивности и вероятности движения населения в регионах Арктической зоны РФ
Authors:   ИНП РАН, Коровкин А.Г. , Королев И.Б. ,   ИНП РАН, Синица А.Л.
Published: December 2020

Оценивается интенсивность движения населения в регионах Арктической зоны РФ. Рассматриваются влияющие на этот процесс социально-экономические факторы. Анализируется вклад различных форм движения населения в формирование общих тенденций движения населения.
Структурные сдвиги в занятости и качество экономического роста
Authors: Кузнецов С.Г.
Published: December 2020

Рассматриваются вопросы влияния структурных сдвигов в занятости на качество экономического роста. Основной акцент сделан на анализе и международных сопоставлениях отраслевых структурных сдвигов в занятости. Также рассматривается ряд аспектов структурных сдвигов в занятости, связанных с пенсионной реформой и реализацией национальных проектов.
Особенности финансового поведения домашних хозяйств с разным уровнем доходов и возможности снижения неравенства с помощью мер фискальной политики
Authors:   ИНП РАН, Черковец М.В. , Ордынская Е.В. ,   ИНП РАН
Published: December 2020

Дана общая оценка уровня и динамики неравенства по доходам в России на основе различных показателей. Проанализированы уровень доходов, расходов, сбережений и займов домашних хозяйств в разрезе децильных групп по доходам в 2003 – 2018 гг. (по данным Выборочного обследования бюджетов домашних хозяйств Росстата Росстата). Сделаны выводы о характере дифференциации доходов, расходов и финансового поведения по децильным группам. Наиболее существенные отличия характерны для 10 децильной группы с наибольшими доходами, которая, в свою очередь, весьма неодонородна по составу. Дифференциация в пределах 10 группы исследована более подробно путем расчета значений рассматриваемых показателей по процентилям.
Hybrid Algorithm for Improving Efficiency of Keywords based Search Engine
Authors: Bharati K. F.
Published: December 2020

Web mining is the application of data mining techniques to discover interesting patterns from the Web. Web usage mining is the process of extracting useful information from server logs i.e users history. While discovering interesting patterns in multi agents the efficiency is decreased. In our paper presents hybrid algorithm is designed for the improvement of the efficiency of keywords based search engine. The model divides mining task into several parallel agents which coordinately work together, and the mining efficiency is improved greatly. The hybrid algorithm is Evolved from HITS, algorithm. Hybrid algorithm removes Link Farm pages in the expansion of root set, makes anchor text similarity calculation when crawling link page, and chooses pages by a brief conceptual analysis of page content. With the overcoming of the shortcomings of only text analysis or link analysis, Hybrid enhances the search engine in understanding the user interest and crawling more Web pages to meet the needs of the users.
Responsabilidad social empresarial: una experiencia regional en las empresas del sector servicios
Authors:   Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña. Colombia, RODRIGUEZ Magda , PEÑARANDA Marta ,   Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña. Colombia, MANZANO Omaira ,   Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia
Published: December 2020

La investigación tuvo como propósito determinar las prácticas de Responsabilidad Social en las empresas del sector servicios en la ciudad de Ocaña (Colombia), mediante una investigación con enfoque cuantitativo de tipo transversal descriptivo apoyada en la herramienta ISO 26000. Los resultados evidenciaron que dichas empresas enfocan su compromiso en las dimensiones prácticas justas de operación, asuntos de consumidores, gobernanza y derechos Humanos. El ANOVA comprobó que el nivel de formación del gerente y el tamaño de la empresa inciden en la gestión de la RSE.
Crecimiento empresarial en el sector importador de motores para vehículos
Authors:   Universidad de Sucre, Colombia, DE LA HOZ Aminta I. , CANTILLO Julio C. ,   Universidad de Sucre, Colombia, SANTAMARIA Alvaro E. ,   Universidad de Sucre, Colombia
Published: December 2020

En Venezuela la comercialización de autos cero kilómetros se deterioró considerablemente. Surgió la necesidad de repotenciar los autos usados con motores importados. El propósito de esta investigación consistió en determinar el crecimiento empresarial en el sector importador de motores para vehículos. El estudio fue descriptivo con diseño no experimental transeccional, de campo. Se concluye que las empresas logran crecer empresarialmente, y penetrar nuevos mercados, estableciendo alianzas estratégicas, e integrandose con los clientes, los proveedores y con la competencia.
Caracterización mecánica de fibras nuevas y centenarias de agave americana l.
Authors:   Universidad Central del Ecuador, CAMPAÑA Kleber O. , REMACHE Abel P. ,   Universidad Central del Ecuador, RE Maria E. ,   Universidad Internacional SEK, Ecuador
Published: December 2020

Se presentan los resultados de caracterizaciones mecánicas de tracción y tenacidad en fibras de agave americana l. nuevas y centarias. Las fibras nuevas fueron obtenidas por extracción manual y enriado, mientras que las fibras centenarias se obtuvieron manualmente de construcción antigua. Las fibras nuevas obtenidas por enriado presentaron mejores propiedades mecánicas, en comparación con las fibras nuevas y centenarias extraídas manualmente, mientras que las fibras centenarias vieron reducidas en un 38% sus propiedades mecánicas respecto a las obtenidas por enriado.
Factors associated with the success of the cultivation of Tectona grandis Linn F. using the Mic-Mac technique
Authors:   Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia, MARTELO Raul J. , BASTIDAS Maira ,   Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia, TOVAR Luis C. ,   Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia
Published: December 2020

The objective was to determine the factors associated with the success of teak crop production (Tectona grandis Linn F.). Regarding the methodology, the research was mixed with a sequential exploratory design. The documentary review was used as a data collection technique, and the Micmac technique was used to analyze the data. As a result, five key factors (fertilization, planting techniques, spacing, climate, and site), four determining factors, an autonomous factor, and an output factor were found.
Análisis empírico de la competitividad para tres destinos tradicionales de sol y playa en Colombia
Authors:   Fundación Universitaria UNITEC, Colombia, MARIÑO Juan P. , LEON Martin , PINOCHET Giselle ,   Universidad Antonio Nariño, Colombia, LANDINEZ Natalia ,   Universidad del Tolima, Colombia
Published: December 2020

Este estudio comparó los tres destinos turísticos de sol y playa más importantes de Colombia con el propósito de evaluar su competitividad turística. Aplicando el método multicriterio sobre el modelo de Crouch & Ritchie, se consideraron 87 indicadores para valorar la dimensión política, económica, ambiental y social de Santa Marta, Cartagena y San Andrés. El método electre iii arrojó datos sobre los cuales se incorporaron mejoras en la sistematización y análisis comparativos que ubicaron a Cartagena como el destino más competitivo del país.
Broadening the purpose of the corporation requires purposeful implementation
Authors: Vives Antonio
Published: December 2020

The notion that the purpose of the corporation is to maximize profits to be distributed to its shareholders has been the guiding light of management for many decades. Nevertheless, in the last few decades many corporations, on their own, and in response to pressures from society, have realized that their operations, and hence profits, impact and are impacted by a broader set of entities: employees, clients, community, suppliers of goods and services and the environment, among others, besides the providers of capital. Corporations are recognizing that they have a responsibility towards society, that their purpose is broader that maximization of profits. This realization has been intensified with recent crises, where corporations have realized that they can and must also contribute to alleviate some societal needs. But the discussion has been so concentrated on the redefinition of this purpose and on the actions on the ground, beginning and end of a process, but the difficult task in the middle, the implementation of a broader purpose, has been neglected or underestimated, relying on the status quo or on small changes to the business as usual. But the redefinition of purpose, to be effective, to have impact, requires not only changes in strategy but also changes in culture, structure, governance and management processes among others, whose analysis is the purpose of this paper.
From internationalization to local markets poverty alleviation and competitiveness in the agro-industrial sector of Latin America
Authors: González Alvarado Tania Elena , Kubus Renata , Sánchez-Gutiérrez José
Published: December 2020

The objective of this paper is to analyse the proposal that the production units of the Latin American agribusiness sector evolve from internationalization to their products offers aimed at “the local”, in response to changes in the world scenario. To achieve the objective, a documentary and secondary source analysis were carried out, regarding the impact of COVID19 on the Latin American economy at the world stage. The main result points to the transversality of the creative industries with the agro-industrial sector to encourage creativity within the local business networks that were originally oriented at indirect internationalization. Value enhancement (revaluation) through creativity of orange economy and recognition of peoples' cultural assets, diversity and intangible heritage generates wealth. This transversality contributes to the alleviation of poverty, sustainability and competitiveness of agro-industrial companies.
The True Nature of Financial Statements in Cogito Ergo Sum's thoughts of Rene Descartes
Authors: Ali Yuwin , Makur Darmawati S. , Yusuf Fitria Melynsyah , Latarang Sarif K.
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to look for the truth side of the financial statements of Rene Descartes (Cogito Ergo Sum). This means that because I think, I exist. The theory put forward by this philosophy has the meaning that because he doubts the truth. This paper tried to link theory with René Descartes see different sides of the view, that the value of the financial statements of the philosophical truth (theories have correspondence, the theory of Coherence, theory pragmatic) and viewed from the side view of the general accounting so that SAP and GAAP and severe expert reveal that the truth of financial reporting depends on the accountability of a (principal). The findings of this paper are in essence the truth of the financial statements lies in humans and their existence.
Solid, Liquid and Gas Waste Management includes Handling of Impacts
Authors: Cakir Akkanur , Nazim Kabake
Published: December 2020

The discussion talked about handling the environment and society from solid, liquid, and gas waste management. In this paper there are several methods that can be used to treat wastewater, including, Dilution (disposal by dilution). Wastewater is discharged into rivers, lakes or the sea to dilute. In this way the wastewater will undergo natural purification. However, this method can contaminate surface water with pathogenic bacteria, worm larvae and eggs, and other germs in the wastewater. If only this method is applicable, the following conditions must be met, River or lake water may not be used for other purposes.
Methodology for Preprocessing Semi-Structured Data for Making Managerial Decisions in the Healthcare
Authors: Makarova Elena , Lagerev Dmitriy
Published: December 2020

This paper describes the process of supporting management decisionmaking in healthcare based on data mining. The authors described various problems and specifics of data in medical information systems, leading to the complexity of their analysis and integration, such as: the presence of a large number of specific abbreviations, errors in the data and their poor structure. The paper demonstrates an approach to the search and further disclosure of abbreviations in texts, built on a combination of machine and human processing. A method for extracting features from semi-structured fields using an expert in the subject area and using various visualizations is proposed. The proposed abbreviation search and disclosure methods, based on a hybrid approach combining the strengths of processing with the help of a machine and an expert, can increase the number of abbreviations found automatically and significantly reduce the time spent by experts on processing the remaining reductions. In addition, the method for automated feature extraction during integration can significantly increase the amount of useful input data, while reducing the time of the expert.
Semiotic Approach in the Development of Interactive Visual Analytics Systems
Authors: Zakharova Alena , Vekhter Evgenia
Published: December 2020

Increasing information saturation in all spheres of life entails accumulation of large amounts of data that must be perceived, processed and decisions must be made on their basis. Therefore, the issues of interaction with data and of visual analytics require solutions at a new level. The authors investigate communication between the user and the data, highlight a number of negative trends that prevent effective use of visualization in solving practical problems, formulate aspects of subjective influence on the decision-making procedure, namely those leading to significant decrease in the efficiency of visual analytics systems. The paper proposes an approach to the problem of reasonable use of existing and potential visualization capabilities for solving data analysis problems and making control decisions. A significant factor hindering the development of visual analytics is a lack of a model for coordinated use of computational and subjective resources corresponding to the technical level of computer visualization capable of ensuring close communication between the researcher and the available data. The paper describes an approach based on the concept of visual communication, the properties of which are determined on the basis of a number of key concepts of semiotics and linguistics.
Detecting Errors in Cognitive Models Using Visualization Metaphors of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps
Authors: Isaev Ruslan , Podvesovskii Aleksandr
Published: December 2020

Verification of cognitive models is one of the most important stages in their construction, since reliability of results of subsequent modeling largely depends on the successful implementation of verification. The paper considers the problem of verifying cause-and-effect relationships in cognitive models based on the use of fuzzy cognitive maps. It is noted that increasing the effectiveness of cognitive model verification is possible by activating analyst's cognitive potential. The most natural way of such activation is to increase cognitive clarity of the model through the use of visualization capabilities. For this purpose, a number of metaphors for visualizing fuzzy cognitive maps have been proposed, aimed at increasing their cognitive clarity during verification. Each of the metaphors is focused on the visualization of a certain type of fragments of a fuzzy cognitive map potentially containing errors, redundancy or incompleteness and therefore of interest from the point of view of verification. The first considered visualization metaphor is intended to display the cycles that are part of a cognitive graph. The second metaphor focuses on the mapping of transitive paths between concepts. Finally, the third metaphor is aimed at eliminating cognitive model incompleteness, which consists in the lack of relationships between some concepts. Examples are given of applying the proposed visualization metaphors to increase cognitive clarity of the visual image of the verified fuzzy cognitive map.
Ergonomic Support for Logo Development Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Kuzmenko Alexandr , Kondratenko Sergey , Dergachev Konstantin , Spasennikov Valery
Published: December 2020

Every year rendering logos becomes an increasingly important task in various fields. One of the most interesting methods for rendering logos is the use of neural networks. This paper proposes a method for rendering logos using a convolutional neural network (CNN), specially trained to classify objects based on a single keyword and to select parametric characteristics of the logo. Special attention is paid to the ergonomic evaluation of resulting logos and the feasibility of the proposed method is experimentally confirmed. The research has shown that the results obtained are superior compared to the most modern approaches.
Algorithm for Predicting the Trajectory of Road Users to Automate Control of an Autonomous Vehicle
Authors: Azarchenkov Andrey , Lyubimov Maxim
Published: December 2020

One of the problems faced by developers of artificial intelligence algorithms when creating car control systems is that the actions of other road users are difficult to predict and have a large variability. Even if we assume that all actions comply with traffic rules and participants do not make mistakes, that is, to bring the actual environment closer to the ideal, the task of automating vehicle control still contains many difficulties. This paper describes what difficulties exist in the field of predicting the trajectory of objects, shows concepts that will help in solving this problem, and also describes a particular method of forecasting, which allows you to make a forecast for cars moving along traffic lanes. The main forecasting stages and the results of testing the method collected by using a ready-made data set are given. The results presented in the form of a set of metrics, are compared with another algorithm for predicting trajectories. As a result, the advantages and disadvantages of the created solution were identified.
Kepemimpinan Kiai dalam Mengembangkan Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Umam Wafiqul
Published: December 2020

Pondok Pesantren is one of the oldest educational institutions in Indonesia. The significance of the kiai's role in the boarding school is directly proportional to his leadership in managing and directing the entire community in his cottage, especially the students and their influence in society. While the model in leading his Islamic boarding school, each kiai has his own method for advancing his pesantren. This happened because of the kiai's focus on developing his boarding school and the environmental conditions of the surrounding community. This article was describe how the leadership role of kiai in Islamic boarding schools in developing the institutions. This research  was descriptive research methods with a qualitative research approach. The main finding in the researcher was the figure of a kiai with his charismatic character that able to have a positive effect in the development of the Islamic boarding schools. Hence bringing the boarding school into the main choice for the community and parents in particular.

Keywords: The Leadership of Kiai, The development of Pesantren
Preparation and thermal stability of CrAlON based spectrally selective absorbing coatings
Authors: Wang Xiao-Bo , Li Ke-Wei , Gao Li-Juan , Cheng Xu-Dong , Jiang Rong ,   Department of Mathematics, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China,   College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China,   State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Progressing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Published: December 2020

Spectrally selective absorbing coating is the core component of the utilization of solar energy. The spectral properties of selectively absorbing coating directly determine the conversion efficiency of constructing solar power plants. To enhance the selective absorbability and thermal stability, we propose an idea that these metal particles are replaced with transition-metal nitrides, and then coated with periodic nanocrystalline-amorphous heterogeneous structures. Double-absorbing layer Cr/CrAlN/CrAlON/CrAlN/CrAlON/CrAlO solar selective absorbing coatings with a high solar absorptance of 0.90 and a relatively low emittance of 0.15 are obtained by the cathodic arc ion plating technique. After the coating is aged at 500 °C in air for 220 h, its absorptance increases to 0.94 and the emittance decreases to 0.10. More importantly, the coating exhibits an outstanding thermal stability with a selectivity of 0.94/0.11 even after being aged at 500 °C for 1000 h in air. The microstructure analysis indicates that the multilayer coating consists of aperiodic CrAlN and CrAlON layers in addition to the Cr and CrAlO layers. Through the long-term aging, a small number of AlN, CrN and Cr2N nanocrystallites are observed to be homogeneously embedded in the CrAlN and CrAlON amorphous matrices. The nanoparticles in the CrAlN and CrAlON layers can effectively scatter the incident light into a broadband wavelength range, increasing the optical path length in the absorbing layers, and thus resulting in a pronounced enhancement in the absorptivity. A handful of Cr2O3 and Al2O3 nanograins are observed to be embedded in the amorphous CrAlO antireflection layer, which can effectively reflect the solar infrared radiation and the thermal emittance from the substrate, and thus resulting in pretty low infrared emissivity. The good thermal stability is attributed to the excellent thermal stability of the dielectric amorphous matrices and the sluggish atomic diffusion in the nanoparticles, which could effectively slow down the inward diffusion of oxygen and avoid agglomerating the nanoparticles. These results are of great importance for enhancing the overall performance of cermet spectrally selective absorption coating and also for improving the conversion efficiency of solar energy photo-thermal utilization.
The Prevalence of Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms and Their Outcomes in an ICU in Mauritius: An Observational Study
Authors: Nuckchady Dooshanveer Chowbay , Boolaky Samiihah Hafiz
Published: December 2020

Aims: To assess the prevalence of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) in an ICU of Mauritius and determine the relationship between antibiotic resistance and mortality as well as length of stay and duration of antibiotic use.

Study Design: Retrospective case control study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study examined the data of patients who were admitted from 2015 to 2016 at an ICU in Port Louis, Mauritius.

Methodology: 128 patients on whom cultures were ordered were included. Adjustment was performed using multivariate Cox regression and negative binomial regression.

Results: Out of 214 organisms that were isolated, 68% were an MDRO; 78% of Enterobacteriaceae were ESBL, 86% of Acinetobacter spp., 30% of Enterobacteriaceae and 80% of Pseudomonas spp. were carbapenem resistant while 53% of Staphylococcus aureus were MRSA. After adjustment, MDRO were linked to a non-statistically significant 13% increase in mortality (P = .056), a rise in hospital length of stay from 19 days to 29 days (P = .0013) and an escalation in duration of antibiotic use from 11 days to 24 days (P = 1.3E-10).

Conclusion: Infections with MDRO are common in Mauritius and strategies should be put into place to reduce their prevalence.
Relationship between Profile Characteristics and Perception of Rural Youth towards Agriculture as an Occupation
Authors: Vihari M. A. , Rao M. S. , Krishna T. Gopi , Luther M. Martin
Published: December 2020

In the present study the relationship between profile characteristics of rural youth and the perception towards agriculture were discussed. The results revealed that scientific orientation was positively significant with the perception. Marital status, Land holding, Family type, Extension contact, Social participation, Mass media exposure, Economic motivation, Risk orientation Achievement motivation of rural youth were positively significant with the perception. On the other side, the variables like Annual income, Size of family, Occupation were found to be positively non-significant related with the perception of rural youth, whereas education was found to be negatively non-significant with the perception. The multiple linear regression analysis shows that marital status, land holding, size of family, family type, social participation, mass media exposure, economic motivation and risk orientation significantly contributed their perception towards agriculture as an occupation.
Metakaolin Based Geopolymer Mortar Reinforced with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes - A Case Study
Authors: Kaur Pawandeep , Singh Jaspal , Kaur Manpreet , Jain Ritesh
Published: December 2020

Metakaolin based geopolymer mortars are presently considered as a feasible substitute to Ordinary Portland Cement mortar due to its various benefits. The present experimental investigation is planned by varying the concentrations of sodium hydroxide as 8M, 10M and 12M along with the variation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (0, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1% by weight of the binder). For each specimen, the compressive strength was determined at the curing ages of 3, 7 and 28 days. The results clearly indicate that the incorporation of multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in the geopolymer matrixes enhances the compressive strength. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to depict the microstructure and morphology of MWCNTs. The ultimate compressive strength was obtained by employing 12M concentrated sodium hydroxide solution along with 0.5% of MWCNTs in geopolymer mortar. The values of integral absolute error were computed for all the curing ages. All the values lie within the acceptable range (0 to 10%).
Attitudes about and Perpetration of Violence against Women among Turkish Men
Authors: Bolsoy Nursen , Sen Selma , Ulas Seval Cambaz , Çetinkaya Aynur , Özmen Dilek , Özyurt Beyhan Cengiz
Published: December 2020

This study was conducted to determine the attitudes of men regarding violence against women. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Research data were collected using a Men’s Information Form and a Scale of Attitude towards Violence against Women.

The mean age of the participating men was 39.54 ± 13.55 years. The men’s general mean score for attitude regarding violence was 52.02 ± 10.81, which showed that such attitudes had a patriarchal tendency. In the univariate analyses, there was a significant difference between age group, education status, place of residence, situations of domestic violence and violent behaviour against mothers or wives, years of marriage and wife’s education status and the scores of the Scale of Attitudes towards Violence against Women (p < 0.05).

Based on our findings, it is suggested that socioeconomic factors such as witnessing and experiencing violence in childhood, female unemployment, low education level, unemployment and poverty, and place of residence affect and increase violence against women.
Absenteeism: Its Causes and Effects in Bhutanese Context
Authors: Tamang Dhan Singh
Published: December 2020

Aims: To understand the reason of absenteeism and its causes and effect in Bhutanese context.

Study Design: Qualitative research design

Place and Duration of study: It was conducted in Wangchu Middle Secondary School, Chhukha Bhutan and it took five years.

Methodology: Data were collected from almost 120 students of classes IX and X including 10 parents and 10 teachers. Data were analyzed using direct content analysis technique. Informal conversation was also arranged for better understanding of the situation of students, teachers and parents.

Findings: The analysis of the data found out more than three areas for reconsideration.

The curriculum thinning and proper selection of topics to be done.

Basis for selection of teachers for undergoing training, at the first place, in College of Education should be done on attitude and aptitude not on marks obtained.

Provide ample avenues for young parents to get enough awareness programs in school which should train them in psychology and values.

Conclusion: This study examined all the perspective put forward by students, teachers and parents. Based on the analysis of the data three measures are suggested for stakeholders. These measures are Proper selection of topics in curriculum and thinning, revamping of selection of teachers and creation of avenues for parents to get awareness programs in schools.
Fluidization
Authors: Fan Liang‐Shih , Zhue Chao , Wang Dawei
Published: December 2020

Fluidization refers to a state of particle movements in which the particles are suspended in the presence of a carrying fluid flow with the carrying fluid being a gas, a liquid, or a gas–liquid mixture. In two‐phase fluidization, fluid and solids can be in semi‐batch or continuous flow conditions or co‐current or countercurrent flow conditions. The gravitational force that acts on the particles in fluidization can be counterbalanced by the hydrodynamic forces such as the drag force and possibly other field forces. Under the semi‐batch condition, the minimum fluidization velocity defines the onset of fluidization. When the fluid velocity sufficiently exceeds the minimum fluidization velocity, the particles move apart and become suspended, and the bed enters the fluidized state. In fluidization, when the fluid velocity is relative low, the bed is characterized by a dense fluid‐particle suspension with little amount of particles entrained from the column by the carrying fluid. At a higher fluid velocity, the dense bed surface becomes indistinguishable with a large amount of particles entrained from the bed. When a significant particle entrainment takes place, the fluidization state can be maintained by external circulation of the entrained particles.
Targeting of ΔNp63α by miR‐522 promotes the migration of breast epithelial cells
Authors: Dong Yuanyuan , Long Juan , Luo Xingyong , Xie Gang , Xiao Zhi‐Xiong Jim , Tong Ying
Published: December 2020

The TP63 gene, which encodes the p63 protein, is involved in multiple biological processes, including embryonic development and tumorigenesis. ΔNp63α, the predominant isoform of p63 in epithelial cells, acts as an oncogene in early‐stage tumors, but paradoxically acts as a potent antimetastatic factor in advanced cancers. Here, we report that ΔNp63α is a direct target of hsa‐miR‐522 (miR‐522). Induced expression of miR‐522 reduced the levels of ΔNp63α, predisposing breast epithelial cells to a loss of epithelial and acquisition of mesenchymal morphology, resulting in accelerated collective and single‐cell migration. Restoration of ΔNp63α repressed miR‐522‐induced migration. Interestingly, overexpression of miR‐522 did not affect breast epithelial cell proliferation, suggesting that miR‐522 acts specifically through ΔNp63α in this context. Furthermore, expression of miR‐522‐3p and p63 was negatively correlated in human cancer samples. Thus, miR‐522 might be a causative factor for breast tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. In summary, our results reveal a novel miR‐522/p63 axis in cell migration and thus suggest a potential strategy for therapeutic treatment of cancer metastasis.
Conversation Analysis and Child Language Acquisition
Authors: Filipi Anna
Published: December 2020

Child‐focused research in conversation analysis (child‐CA) has been steadily coming into its own as it continues to amass a considerable body of work on the ways that children learn to talk as they become competent members of a culture. While there is an increasingly diverse set of contexts, themes, and disciplines that are drawn on in this work, it is nonetheless commonly driven by a microanalytic, naturally occurring, and in situ concern with showing how children participate, understand, and display interactional competencies in dealing with, finding a place in, and making sense of their social worlds.

The discussion in this entry of both consolidating and emerging themes in child‐CA research, limited to children aged from 12 months to seven years, is framed by two very broad, general areas that subsume a number of discrete themes. They are (a) competencies and understandings, and (b) childhood and interactions in pre‐ and early‐primary school settings.
Conversation Analysis and Laughter
Authors: Holt Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

Conversation analytic research has revealed that nonlinguistic elements of communication are as important and as ordered as linguistic ones; one of these is laughter. This entry reviews central findings in the area focusing on the recurrent positions of laughter within turns and sequences. Consideration is given to the relationship between laughter and its referent or the “laughable,” and the various ways in which laughter contributes to the ongoing action sequence; including its role in inviting reciprocating laughter, showing troubles resistance, closing topics, and displaying affiliation. Recent research in this area has tended to continue the tradition of examining laughter in institutional settings, including medical consultations, therapy, business meetings, and classrooms. Several themes are recurrent in this research concerning the association between laughter and delicate environments, its association with affiliation and disaffiliation, asymmetries in the use of laughter, and, thus, how it connects with institutional and interactional identities. These studies demonstrate that laughter plays a crucial role both in managing the interactional tasks at hand and in establishing and maintaining identities and relationships.
Corpus Analysis of Political Language
Authors: Partington Alan , Johnson Jane Helen
Published: December 2020

Politics is a commerce whose currency is language. This entry indicates some of the advantages of corpus‐assisted approaches in analyzing a wide variety of different kinds of political discourse, both spoken and written. Some of the potential sources of data are listed and different sorts of corpus‐assisted research and the different kinds of research questions which have been addressed are categorized. There are at least two distinct types of research objective. One type of research is overtly engaged with the political, social, and cultural aspects of the set of texts under study and attempts to uncover nonobvious ideological meanings and messages they may contain. The ultimate aim of this sort of activist research is political action and social change. It looks at issues of perceived social injustice and how empowered groups use language to construct and maintain dominance over disempowered groups. The second type of political language research is similar in its aims to discourse and conversation analysis and uses corpus techniques to investigate a particular political or institutional discourse type, exactly as with any exemplar of discourse, to uncover and analyze nonobvious patterns of language or aspects of linguistic interaction. These researchers place their priority in description and analysis of political language as interesting in its own right. Though not necessarily uninterested in social action, their philosophy is perhaps summarized as: If you want to change the world, first you must understand it.