bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revascularization methods in patients with carotid stenosis and concomitant coronary heart disease
Authors: Goranov Georgi , Nikolov Petar , Tokmakova Mariya
Published: February 2023

A major feature of the atherosclerotic process is its systemic and progressive character. The plaque pathogenetic mechanisms, morphology, evolution, and predilection site (bifurcation zones) determine the frequent coincidence of carotid and coronary atherosclerosis in the same patient.

The present overview chronologically traces the history, effectiveness, and benefit of surgical and continuously improving interventional carotid revascularization. It thereby analyzes the indications, results, and complications based on a number of randomized clinical trials, industry-sponsored registries, and large single-center series in the last 3 decades. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and percutaneous carotid angioplasty (CAS) have evolved from ‘dubious’ procedures to a modern strategy resulting in a significantly lower incidence of stroke and death compared to medical treatment only. Although almost every second patient with carotid stenosis and indications for CAS has coronary atherosclerosis, studies on therapeutic modeling in such a combination are few, showing controversial results. Having both CHD and CS doubles the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, HF, and death. An isolated revascularization approach compromises the results of therapeutic strategies and worsens patient survival. The high risk associated with coronary heart disease in CAS and CEA is a fact and minimization requires both an individualized and uniform stepwise revascularization strategy.
The effects of thiopental on cold ischemic injury in renal transplantation
Authors: Büyük Başak , Adali Yasemen , Karakoç Ebru , Eroğlu Hüseyin Avni , Aydeğer Cemre
Published: February 2023

Introduction: One of the most important factors influencing post-transplant success in kidney transplantation is preserving the viability of the organ from removal to transfer into the recipient.

Aim: This study aimed to reduce the energy requirement with thiopental doses administered before organ transplantation, and to increase the organ viability by minimizing the tissue damage during the cold ischemia process.

Materials and methods: Twenty female Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups: control group (group C), and thiopental group (group T). In group C, a midline incision was performed, and the renal artery was isolated under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia. A standard organ storage solution (cooled to +4°C) was used for kidney perfusion. Nephrectomy was applied, and the removed kidneys were placed into +4°C standard organ storage solution and stored at +4°C for 12 hours. Animals in group T were subjected to the procedures explained above under 85 mg/kg thiopental sodium anesthesia. After 12-hour storage, samples from the kidney tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Histopathological evaluation and apoptosis detection via TUNEL method were performed. 

Results: Tubular necrosis was more extensive in group C compared with that in group T and this difference was statistically significant. Similarly, vacuolization was widely observed in group C, and this increase was also statistically significant. For the ‘dilatation of Bowman’s space’ parameter, a significant decrease was observed in group T compared with group C. When the apoptotic index values of both groups were examined, it was seen that they were lower in group T than those in group C. This result was statistically significant.

Conclusions: These data suggest that thiopental provides protection to the kidney tissue during the cold storage process. Thiopental has been shown to decrease the number of apoptotic cells in the kidney tissue when administered to the donor before organ transplantation, increasing the organ viability.
Primary immunodeficiency screening in an infant with cytomegalovirus disease reveals HIV infection
Authors: Burnusuzov Hasan , Yankov Ivan , Ketev Kostadin , Murdjeva Mariana
Published: February 2023

Cytomegalovirus is widely spread worldwide, and it is not uncommon for it to complicate the congenital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease as an acquired or congenital coinfection. However, the association of the two infections is not common amongst infants with primary immune deficiencies.

We describe a case of a 6-month-old infant with acquired cytomegalovirus and HIV infections, diagnosed in the course of the patient’s clinical and laboratory workup for a presumed primary immunodeficiency. To date, this is the first reported case of such a combination in a child from Bulgaria.
Custom anterior segment optical coherence tomography indices for detection of corneal ectasia
Authors: Atanassov Angel , Konareva-Kostianeva Marieta , Atanasov Marin
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Corneal thinning and changes in the corneal thickness profile are major symptoms of corneal ectasia. The anterior seg-ment optical coherence tomography is currently widely used, and the development of additional indices may lead to improvements in the diagnostics of keratoconus.

Aim: To determine the diagnostic value of newly developed custom anterior segment OCT indices in diagnosing corneal ectasia.

Patients and methods: Two sets of patients were included in the current study - healthy controls in the first and patients with corneal ectasia in the second, 80 eyes per group of 43 patients each. The groups were age- and sex-matched. Each patient underwent a standard ophthalmological examination (visual acuity, tonometry, slit lamp examination, fundus biomicroscopy), a corneal topography with OCULUS Keratograph 5M, and an anterior segment optical coherence tomography with RTVue-100. Besides the indices automatically generated by the software of the device, we measured the following custom parameters: partial corneal area (PCA), partial chamber area (PCA), and an index that reflects the relation between the two (CpC). All measurements were performed in two axial pachymetric scans, one vertical and one horizontal using the built-in software. 

Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p<0.001, confidence Interval 95%) for all the proposed indices in both the vertical and the horizontal scans. The ROC analysis showed promising results for differentiation between the groups with the area under the curve (AUC) in the range from 0.892 for the vertical partial anterior chamber area to 0.984 for the vertical CpC index.

Conclusions: The proposed indices can be used to differentiate between normal and ectatic corneas.
A single-center study of bone mineral density in adult patients with severe hemophilia A in correlation with markers of bone metabolism
Authors: Ivanova Hristina A. , Grudeva-Popova Zhanet , Deneva Tanya , Tsvetkova Silvia , Mateva Nonka
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Osteopenia and osteoporosis are well-known hemophilia A comorbidities. The pathogenesis of bone turnover alteration resulting in reduced bone mass includes impaired osteoblastic differentiation and disinhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis as a result of a low FVIII level.

Aim: To evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) in adult patients with severe hemophilia A and assess a possible correlation with the bone remodeling biomarkers OPG/RANKL, CTX-1, osteocalcin, and Vit D.

Materials and methods: 28 male subjects with severe hemophilia A and 33 age-matched controls were recruited. The biomarkers were tested with the ELISA assay and BMD with DEXA of the lumbar spine (LS) and total hip (TH).

Results: The patients had lower LS-BMD (−0.955±0.145 vs. 1.118±0.079, p=0.05) and TH-BMD (−0.840±0.147 vs. 0.951±0.075, p=0.05) than those of the controls. The TH T-scores were −1.41±0.91 vs. 0.4±0.49 (p=0.05) and the LS T-scores −1.16±1.046 vs. 0.14±0.72 (p=0.05). 66.6% of patients under 50 years had osteopenia and 8.3% had osteoporosis. Fifty percent of those over 50 years old had osteopenia and 20% had osteoporosis. We found significantly higher OPG levels (123.69±107.05 vs. 41.98±18.95, p=0.05) than that in controls and lower sRANKL levels (23.49±29.39 vs. 131.32±201.27, p=0.05) and sRANKL/OPG ratio (0.27±0.35 vs. 5.28±10.01, p=0.05) than those in controls. A positive correlation was found between sRANKL and the BMD T-score of lumbar spine (p=0.001) in the patient group.

Conclusions: sRANKL level and ratio can be used as predictors of low BMD.
Compulsory vaccination against COVID-19 in the context of the principles of the convention on human rights and biomedicine
Authors: Hristozova Mariya V. , Semerdjieva Maria A. , Mavrov Momchil S. , Bakova Desislava R.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: At this stage of the global health crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, an increasing number of countries are considering enacting legislation requiring compulsory vaccination or implementing a mechanism to ensure mass vaccination of the population. Such policy decisions raise a number of legal and deontological issues.

Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the legal and deontological issues related to the introduction of compulsory vaccination against COVID-19 in the context of the principles of the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (Oviedo Convention).

Materials and methods: The analysis looks at the international legal framework that governs the protection of human rights and freedoms, the principles and rules that apply to the achievements of biology and medicine, and, in particular, the Oviedo Convention.

Results: Vaccines against COVID-19 are a modern scientific success in biology and medicine, particularly those of the latest genera-tion of vaccines presented by the scientific community as a consequence of revolutionary mRNA technology. It is for this reason that the provisions of the Oviedo Convention should serve as guidelines for countries to follow in their fight against COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions: Achieving mass vaccination of the population in accordance with the provisions of the Oviedo Convention and other rel-evant international standards for the protection of fundamental human rights, in conjunction with a large-scale information campaign, seems a sensible approach that would contribute to the rapid and peaceful resolution of the current global health crisis.
Gallbladder injury in a catatrauma patient: a clinical case
Authors: Shabunin Alexey , Dolidze David , Pichugina Natalia , Barinov Yuriy , Sheviakova Tatiana , Ivanova Nataliya , Marchenkov Yury , Covantsev Serghei
Published: February 2023

Gallbladder trauma is a rare medical emergency in abdominal surgery because of its anatomic location. Gallbladder injury occurs in only 1.9%-2.1% of cases with abdominal traumas, with an isolated injury being ten times rarer. Despite the different mechanisms of injury, intravesical hypertension is the most important factor contributing to gallbladder rupture. A fall from a height is a rare cause of gallbladder injury, with only a few cases described in the literature. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common primary treatment. In the present case report, we present the diagnosis and management of a patient with a rare combined trauma. The patient was polytraumatized but had an isolated gallbladder injury in the absence of other abdominal injuries. Modern diagnostic methods, primarily ultrasound, can be critical in determining the best treatment strategy. 
Caring for the Rapidly Aging Incarcerated Population: The Role of Policy
Authors: Kaiksow Farah Acher , Brown Lars , Merss Kristin Brunsell
Published: February 2023

The population of incarcerated adults in the United States is aging rapidly. Incarcerated adults experience accelerated aging, the process in which exposure to incarceration speeds up biological aging. The current article highlights unique structural factors and care practices that incarcerated older adults face in correctional and community health systems. These factors and practices are often in direct opposition to age-friendly care. Opportunities exist to expand research, modify existing policies, and change current care practices. Given their expertise in health system processes, gerontological nurses in correctional and community health care systems can play a pivotal role in improving the care of this growing and vulnerable population. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 49
(3), 7–11.]
Feature fusion based artificial neural network model for disease detection of bean leaves
Authors: Önler Eray
Published: February 2023

Plant diseases reduce yield and quality in agricultural production by 20–40%. Leaf diseases cause 42% of agricultural production losses. Image processing techniques based on artificial neural networks are used for the non-destructive detection of leaf diseases on the plant. Since leaf diseases have a complex structure, it is necessary to increase the accuracy and generalizability of the developed machine learning models. In this study, an artificial neural network model for bean leaf disease detection was developed by fusing descriptive vectors obtained from bean leaves with HOG (Histogram Oriented Gradient) feature extraction and transfer learning feature extraction methods. The model using feature fusion has higher accuracy than only HOG feature extraction and only transfer learning feature extraction models. Also, the feature fusion model converged to the solution faster. Feature fusion model had 98.33, 98.40 and 99.24% accuracy in training, validation, and test datasets, respectively. The study shows that the proposed method can effectively capture interclass distinguishing features faster and more accurately.
Impact of sex and comorbid diabetes on hospitalization outcomes in acute pancreatitis: A large United States population-based study
Authors: Weissman Simcha , Pandol Stephen J. , Ghaffar Umar , Boafo Melody , Ogbu Chukwuemeka E. , Zahdeh Tamer , Ashary Mohammed , Nagesh Vignesh Krishnan , Kigga Anushka , Bangolo Ayrton , Bhargava Aditi
Published: February 2023

Backgrounds

Data on the association between comorbid diabetes mellitus (DM) and acute pancreatitis (AP) remains limited. Utilizing a large, nationwide database, we aimed to examine the impact of comorbid diabetes mellitus on patients admitted for acute pancreatitis.

Methods

This was a retrospective case-control study of adult patients with AP utilizing the National Inpatient Sample from 2015–2018, using ICD–10 codes. Hospitalization outcomes of patients admitted for AP with comorbid DM were compared to those without comorbid DM at the time of admission. The primary outcome was a mortality difference between the cohorts. Multivariable-adjusted cox proportional hazards model analysis was performed. Data was analyzed as both sex aggregated, and sex segregated.

Results

940,789 adult patients with AP were included, of which 256,330 (27.3%) had comorbid DM. Comorbid DM was associated with a 31% increased risk of inpatient mortality (aOR: 1.31; p = 0.004), a 53% increased risk of developing sepsis (aOR: 1.53; p = 0.002), increased hospital length of stay (LOS) (4.5 days vs. 3.7 days; p < 0.001), and hospital costs ($9934 vs. $8486; p < 0.001). Whites admitted for AP with comorbid DM were at a 49% increased risk of mortality as compared to Hispanics (aOR: 1.49; p < 0.0001). Different comorbidities had sex-specific risks; men admitted for AP with comorbid DM were at a 28% increased risk of mortality (aOR: 1.28; p < 0.0001) as compared to women. Men with comorbid DM plus obesity or hypertension were also at increased risk of mortality as compared to women, whereas women with comorbid DM plus renal failure were at greater risk of mortality as compared to men.

Conclusions

Comorbid DM appears to be a risk factor for adverse hospitalization outcomes in patients admitted for AP with male sex and race as additional risk factors. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings to better risk stratify this patient population.
Passive recruitment reach of a lifestyle management program to address obesity in the deep south during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lemacks Jennifer L , Abbott Laurie S , Navarro Cali , McCoy Stephanie , Greer Tammy , Aras Sermin , Madson Michael B , Reese-Smith Jacqueline , Lawrick Chelsey , Gipson June , Buck Byron K , Johnson Marcus
Published: February 2023

Obesity is a significant public health concern, especially in the Deep South and in Mississippi where prevalence is among the worst in the nation paired, with other poor health outcomes and socioeconomic conditions. Lifestyle management programs that address modifiable risk factors, such as nutrition and physical activity, can be effective mitigation strategies to halt weight accumulation patterns and ameliorate metabolic risk factors for some populations. However, there is limited evidence regarding the implementation of effective practice models to address obesity risk in underserved and underrepresented populations, such as African Americans, and people in the stage of earlier adulthood. Furthermore, there is growing evidence supporting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle management programs that should be considered in these populations. The purpose of this manuscript was to describe the development and telehealth implementation of a weight management program during the COVID-19 pandemic and provide a preliminary examination of recruitment strategies and baseline characteristics for enrolled participants. Passive recruitment (social media, web, email, and other media advertisements) resulted in 157 screening initiations, and 79 of those participants met the study inclusion criteria. Further, of the 79 eligible participants, 38 completed all study enrollment requirements and presented with metabolic abnormalities. The study findings add to the emerging body of evidence for how the pandemic may have impacted lifestyle management programs and is representative of an understudied and underrepresented population.
Cartografía de las nuevas formas de desaparición (o de cómo se puede contar el abandono)
Authors: Gatti Gabriel
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo intenta proponer una cartografía útil de y con las categorías desaparición y desaparecido. Rastrea primero el éxito de ambas en varias áreas, acercándose a las razones de la universalización de una acepción históricamente fundada de las dos, que explica tanto ese éxito como algunos de los condicionantes que este impone para quienes las usan, en sede académica y fuera de ella. En un segundo movimiento constata que la acepción más aceptada y consolidada de una y otra ha sido desbordada, ampliamente, centrándose en tres de sus límites más fuertes: los marcos temporales de referencia de ambas (el pasado y la memoria), las presunciones antropológicas que sostienen a las dos (la mala muerte y la (im)posibilidad de su gestión social convencional), los cuadros sociales normativos que ambas toman como «dados por supuesto» (el Estado, la ciudadanía y las formas de agencia política asociadas a ello). Finalmente, el grueso del texto, a partir de lo que algunas experiencias de investigación de campo, desarrolladas en lugares muy distintos y distantes, dicen sobre los usos de unas categorías ya globales, recoge diferentes esfuerzos de problematización teórica que, actualmente, y en distintos campos de la investigación científico-social, hacen de desaparición y desaparecido herramientas para el análisis de las formas sociales del abandono. En el epígrafe final, el trabajo sugiere que ambas son útiles para poder contar lo que no tiene ni cuento, ni registro, ni es cuidado.
Procesos territoriales y territorialidades superpuestas en el manejo de los recursos ícticos del lago Metztitlán (México): 1950-2020
Authors: Crespo Guerrero José Manuel , Jiménez Pelcastre Araceli
Published: February 2023

La pesca en el lago Metztitlán (estado de Hidalgo) acontece desde tiempos inmemoriales, por lo que no es de extrañar que abunden las investigaciones hidrobiológicas, geológicas e históricas, sin embargo, escasean los estudios enfocados en lo social. Conjugando metodologías geográficas y antropológicas, se reconstruyen los procesos territoriales sucedidos en el lago desde los años 1950, década a la que se remontan los recuerdos de los actores entrevistados, hasta 2020 último año en el que el lago se secó. Asimismo, se indaga sobre las relaciones establecidas entre dos territorialidades superpuestas: la estatal (relativa al Estado) y la comunitaria (vinculada a los acuerdos locales). Los resultados distinguen tres etapas: «no capitalista» (1950-1984), «capitalista productivista» (1985-1999) y «hacia el capitalismo verde» (2000-2020); también fundamentan que el lago se convirtió en un territorio capitalista por los poderes públicos que, si bien inicialmente entendieron la pesca como medio para mejorar la alimentación de la comarca, más adelante la convertirían en una actividad comercial; por último, confirman que las relaciones territoriales establecidas son convergentes.
Filosofía zapoteca, ciencias sociales y diálogo mundial de saberes
Authors: Sánchez-Antonio Juan Carlos
Published: February 2023

En este artículo intentamos reconstruir algunos de los conceptos fundamentales del pensamiento de los zapotecos (o binnigula´sa´) ubicados en el Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, México, desde una arqueología-filosófica a partir de tres momentos. 1) En la primera parte cuestionamos la definición hegemónica de filosofía occidental para dar lugar a otras definiciones de filosofías no heleno-eurocéntricas que nos permitan hablar de una filosofía zapoteca. 2). Reconstruimos lingüísticamente algunos conceptos fundamentales de la cultura zapoteca y analizaremos un poco la relación interdependiente y de respeto que tiene con los fenómenos naturales de la madre naturaleza. 3) Al final abogamos por la descolonización de las ciencias sociales desde el diálogo mundial de saberes con los aportes de las amplias culturas del sur global que fueron negadas por la razón occidental.
Miccailhuitl ~ Xantolo: Día de Muertos y Todos Santos en Octavio Paz y el padre José Barón
Authors: Alonso Meneses Guillermo
Published: February 2023

Este artículo confronta dos evocaciones y representaciones que de la muerte y del Día de Muertos, Todos Santos o Xantolo hicieron Octavio Paz y el sacerdote José Barón Larios. En concreto, el capítulo 3 de El laberinto de la soledad, titulado «Todos Santos, Día de Muertos» [1950] y los testimonios recogidos por el padre Barón [entre 1971 y 1990] en varias comunidades de la Huasteca hidalguense. El objetivo final es contrastar las cosmovisiones implícitas que proyectaron dos mundos e imaginarios, en torno a la muerte y sus festividades de otoño, el mestizo urbano de Ciudad de México y el indígena rural de la Huasteca nahua.
Los bancos de tierras en la des/reagrarización: una mirada etnográfica a los programas públicos de acceso a la tierra en Cataluña
Authors: González-Puente Marc
Published: February 2023

Este artículo desarrolla un análisis etnográfico de distintos Bancos de Tierras locales (BDT) en Cataluña. El interés desde la escala local por estos programas públicos orientados a facilitar el acceso a la tierra se dirige a paliar los procesos de desagrarización y dibuja estrategias de reagrarización y acceso a la tierra heterogéneas y adaptadas a los distintos sistemas agrarios locales. Los discursos técnicos detrás de estas estrategias cuestionan la construcción de la tierra como recurso natural y mercancía, su cercamiento y sus regímenes de exclusión. Las estructuras todavía precarias que sostienen estas herramientas, el apoyo político y su convivencia con otros programas de acceso a la tierra, así como los imaginarios y la economía moral de aquellos cuya tierra cae en desuso, devienen elementos explicativos de su potencialidad y probabilidad de supervivencia en el contexto de la des/reagrarización contemporánea.
Lo que decimos que hacemos según quien nos escuche. Un análisis de las variaciones de los discursos de los informantes y su uso en nuestra labor etnográfica
Authors: Alcalde Sánchez Ignacio
Published: February 2023

En este artículo reflexionamos sobre la inclusión en nuestro trabajo etnográfico de datos provenientes de otras fuentes y la postura que debemos tomar ante la variación del discurso de esas muestras respecto a nuestras observaciones. Un fenómeno recurrente en la etnografía que suele dejarse de lado y que conviene tener presente en nuestra labor como antropólogos. Para ello, usaremos nuestro propio trabajo de campo y las anotaciones que obtuvimos comparándolos con las grabaciones de diferentes programas de televisión y otras entrevistas realizadas a nuestros informantes por otros agentes, con lo que analizaremos sus variaciones desde el análisis del discurso basados en los postulados de Wetherell y Potter, la importancia de la contextualización, la interacción social de Goffman o el concepto de habitus de Bourdieu. Una reflexión sobre la importancia del análisis del discurso en la etnografía y cómo tenerlo en cuenta en nuestro estudio.
La movilización nacional de octubre de 2019 en Ecuador. Un acercamiento desde el análisis etnográfico
Authors: Madrid Tamayo Andrea
Published: February 2023

El Ecuador vivió en octubre de 2019 once días de protesta social tras la eliminación del subsidio a los combustibles. En este sentido, el presente artículo realiza un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de las raíces histórico-coloniales y estructurales del racismo del Estado ecuatoriano y el modo en que esta situación atraviesa y emerge a partir de la movilización nacional de octubre de 2019. A partir de allí se observan los elementos simbólicos y estructurales que interactuaron en el levantamiento indígena que tuvo lugar entre el 3 y 13 de octubre. Para ello, se realizó una reconstrucción etnográfica, día tras día durante el paro nacional, en el lugar de concentración de las protestas. En el contexto, se visibiliza la relación entre la represión de la protesta social y la calidad democrática en los estados actuales, la cual ha sido observada a través de la etnografía. La revisión de los datos históricos sobre la conformación del Estado ecuatoriano, permite entender el origen de las exclusiones y desigualdades de los sectores indígenas; pasando por una invisibilización tanto a nivel normativo como en las estadísticas censales, como causas estructurales que motivaron este levantamiento, más allá de la coyuntura de una determinada política económica.
From Transmigrasi to Relokasi
Authors: Martinez Adeline , Hudayana Bambang
Published: February 2023

After the 2010 eruption of the Merapi volcano in Central Java, the Indonesian government set up a post-disaster resettlement program for eruption victims. Through a diachronic approach of this policy, this article shows how this program responds to specific interests and objectives that go beyond the interests of risk management. In addition to existing as a disaster management policy, it is also part of a more general context – national and international – of risk management and development of the national territory from which it inherits its particular logic and orientations. Furthermore, it also shows how to some extent, the recent resettlement policy marks a break with past government policies and thus fits into the changing perspectives that have taken place in national and international institutions over the past two decades in terms of risk and disaster management.
La déforestation au prisme des terroirs villageois en situation de mosaïque forêt-savane, République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Demichelis Christophe , Oszwald Johan , Gasquet-Blanchard Clélia , Narat Victor , Bokika Jean-Christophe , Giles-Vernick Tamara
Published: February 2023

Les mosaïques forêt-savane constituent une formation écologique hétérogène où la structure et la composition paysagère sont très variables. Cette étude s’intéresse à l'organisation spatiale des activités humaines à l'échelle des terroirs villageois de la Chefferie des Batéké Nord, en République Démocratique du Congo. De quelle manière les activités humaines sont-elles organisées en périphérie des villages ? Existe-t-il une variabilité locale de spatialité de ces activités et quels en sont les facteurs ? Enfin, quels sont les conséquences sur le paysage, notamment en termes de déforestation ? Ces questions sont abordées en croisant des données issues de relevés de terrains géoréférencés et d’enquêtes socio-économiques, le tout confronté à des analyses en géomatique (SIG et télédétection). Un modèle théorique du terroir villageois a été produit pour l’ensemble des villages, présentant une organisation concentrique des activités basée sur les distances maximales parcourues pour chacune d'entre elles. Une variation de ces distances a pu être observée, notamment concernant l’agriculture, en raison de la démographie, de la disponibilité en forêts, de la présence de forêts communautaires et de l'intensité de l'agriculture de rente. Cette variabilité inter-villages met en évidence une typologie villageoise directement liée à la composition paysagère des terroirs, et met en avant différentes situations socio-écosystémiques au sein d'une zone pourtant restreinte. Cela a permis d’identifier des fronts de déforestation, et à l'inverse des zones où le couvert forestier est très peu dégradé. Cette étude entend participer à éclairer les politiques locales en termes de développement et de conservation, en leur permettant d'agir de manière intégrée à l'échelle des villages. En s'appuyant sur le concept de terroir villageois, cette étude met en avant la pertinence de réaliser des études locales, voire micro-locales, afin de mieux appréhender toute la complexité des relations entre les êtres humains et leur environnement, dont l'empreinte est directement visible sur le paysage.
Evangélico a mi manera. El nuevo consumidor pentecostal en el mercado religioso chileno
Authors: Lindhardt Martin
Published: February 2023

La finalidad de este artículo es esclarecer la diversidad evangélica-pentecostal en el Chile actual. Mi enfoque en especial está puesto en la emergencia de un grupo de “consumidores religiosos” que se pueden categorizar como “evangélicos a su manera” o “pentecostales a su manera”. Ellos, en su mayoría, son personas que han crecido en iglesias pentecostales y tienen un mayor nivel de educación que sus padres. En mi análisis me baso en el concepto de iglesias estrictas de Iannaccone (1994), que alude a aquellas iglesias que imponen restricciones a sus miembros, generando así una relación tensional con la sociedad que les rodea. A lo largo de su historia, las iglesias pentecostales chilenas se han caracterizado por ser estrictas, pero en el Chile actual existe una demanda creciente por un pentecostalismo menos estricto. Propongo a lo largo de este artículo que para entender la competencia religiosa en el Chile actual no es suficiente enfocarse en cómo los pentecostales compiten con la Iglesia católica. También es necesario considerar cómo las iglesias pentecostales compiten entre ellas. En esta competencia religiosa algunas iglesias logran “robarles ovejas” a otras porque se adaptan a las demandas religiosas del nuevo grupo de pentecostales que prefieren iglesias que les permitan ser pentecostales a su manera.
La estética de Maimónides: una ética de la imagen personal
Authors: Nahón Serfaty Isaac
Published: February 2023

En este artículo se propone discutir la relevancia de una breve prescripción de la Ética de los Padres, un corto tratado del Talmud, que se pregunta sobre cuál debe ser la senda correcta que la persona debe recorrer, y que, según la traducción que se haga del texto original en hebreo, está relacionada con su autoimagen y la imagen que proyecta hacia los demás. Desde una hermenéutica de la “estética de la espiritualidad”, se analizan aquí las implicaciones de un hedonismo utilitario para fundamentar una ética de la comunicación en el ecosistema de medios digitales actual, dominado por la proyección de la imagen personal.
Análisis de las vivencias acerca del COVID-19 en el contexto Latinoamericano mediante la teoría fundamentada
Authors: Moya César , De Castro Ricardo , Tovar Diana Cecilia , Púa Gómez Milcíades
Published: February 2023

El propósito de este trabajo consiste en describir y analizar mediante la teoría fundamentada las vivencias acerca del manejo del Covid-19 en personas de América Latina que padecieron la enfermedad o estaban en proceso de duelo por causa de ella. Las unidades de análisis fueron las entrevistas abiertas y semiestructuradas vía Zoom a diez personas de siete países de América Latina que habían experimentado el Covid-19. Las entrevistas se analizaron mediante el software Atlas.ti. Los resultados muestran la emergencia de una teoría sustantiva sobre el manejo del Covid en cuatro aspectos: conocimiento de la enfermedad, acompañamiento en la enfermedad y el duelo, ejercicio de la espiritualidad, y estrategias de afrontamiento. Se concluye que el manejo del Covid-19 involucra aspectos no solo psicoespirituales sino también sociales y económicos.
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT AND RAINFALL EROSIVITY EVOLUTION IN TWELVE BASINS IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN ALGERIA
Authors: Meddi Mohamed
Published: February 2023

Soil erosion by rain and surface runoff is an important problem in the Mediterranean countries. The study of the relationship between erosion and sediment transport with hydrological and climatic factors have been conducted in many countries around the world. The aim of this work is to show rainfall impact on the variability of spatial and temporal concentration in twelve drainage basins in the west of Algeria. We will also seek to find a representative parameter of rainfall erosive potential on a Time and spatial scale. When studying sediment transport in twelve drainage basins of the Centre and the west of Algeria, we have found that the modified Fournier index Which explains much of the specific degradation compared to the Fournier index. The study of the temporal variability of the annual rainfall series, modified Fournier index and concentration of the precipitation in the year for a series from 1930 to 2007 showed a negative trend of the two variables. The annual rainfall and modified Fournier index have declined by more than 20%. This decline is more significant in inland areas.
REUSE OF TREATED SEWAGE EFFLUENT IN AIRPORTS: IRRIGATION OF ORNAMENTAL PLANT NURSERY
Authors: Do Couto Eduardo de Aguiar , Assemany Paula Peixoto , Calijuri Maria Lúcia , Santiago Aníbal da Fonseca , Simões Alves Luna Gripp
Published: February 2023

Airports consume significant amounts of water which can be compared to the volume consumed by mid-size cities, thus practices aimed at reducing water consumption are important and necessary. The objective of this study was to assess the reuse potential of sewage effluent produced at a mid-size international airport for nursery irrigation. The sewage treatment system consisted of a facultative pond followed by a constructed wetland, which were monitored during one hydrological year and the parameters COD, pH, solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and Escherichia coli were analyzed. Removal efficiencies of 85% and 91% were achieved for COD and solids, respectively. Removal efficiencies for ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus were 77% and 59%, respectively. In terms of E. coli concentration, the treated effluent met the recommendations by the World Health Organization for reuse in irrigation with the advantage of providing high levels of residual nutrient. The ornamental species Impatiens walleriana was irrigated with treated sewage effluent and plant growth characteristics were evaluated. The experiment showed that reuse can enhance plant growth without significantly affecting leaf tissue and soil characteristics. This study highlighted the importance of simple technologies for sewage treatment especially in countries which still do not present great investment in sanitation and proved that effluent reuse for landscape irrigation can provide great savings of water and financial resources for airport environments.
URBAN CITIES AND WASTE GENERATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A GIS EVALUATION OF TWO CITIES IN BURKINA FASO
Authors: Yiougo Lydie Sompogda Adissa , Oyedotun Temitope D. Timothy , Some Corentin Yélésomin Stephane , Da Evariste Dapola Constant
Published: February 2023

Cities in developing countries are faced waste management challenges in terms of quantity and quality. Most of the time, solid and liquid wastes are dumped on street and open spaces. Uncontrolled waste dumped has led to diverse kind of health problems. The purpose of this article is to characterize urban cities and evaluate their waste generation using the Geographical Information System (GIS). The focus is on two cities in Burkina Faso. Specific variables which were considered during the survey include urban fabric, grey water outlets and household garbage dumps sites/techniques. The study shows that in the two cities, the most dominant urban fabric is low standard of living (about 64% of housing in Fada and 62% of housing in Pouytenga). The urban fabric is also characterized by the existence of empty spaces. Overall, the average density of grey water discharge points is 0.85 points and 5.7 points per ha of street in Fada N’Gourma and Pouytenga respectively. The average density of solid waste dumps is 1.45 waste dumps per ha street and 7 waste dumps per ha street in Fada N'Gourma and Pouytenga respectively. In case of urgent waste management intervention, the priority areas for speedy intervention are area 10 in Fada N’Gourma, areas 2 and 5 in Pouytenga. GIS applied to waste management can be a decision making tool for urban planners in developing country.
MODELLING AND MAPPING OF SOIL EROSION ON THE OUED EL MALLEH CATCHMENT USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS
Authors: El Aroussi Omar
Published: February 2023

In Morocco, the spectacular expansion of erosive processes shows increasingly alarming aspects. Due to the considerable costs of detailed ground surveys for studying this phenomenon, remote sensing is an appropriate alternative for analyzing and evaluating the risks of the expansion of soil degradation. According to an FAO study (2001), Erosion threatens 13 million ha of cropland and rangeland in northern Morocco and induces an estimated average water storage capacity loss of 50 million m3 each year through dam silting. The lost water volume could potentially be used to irrigate 5000 to 6000 ha / year.

This study analyses soil erosion on the Oued El Malleh catchment, a 34 km2 catchment located in the north of Fez (Morocco). This contribution aims at mapping the spatio-temporal evolution of land use and modelling the erosion and sedimentation processes using the well known RUSLE model. Land use changes were assessed using Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-7 ETM+ images, from the 1987-2011 periods which were validated by field studies. The images were first georeferenced and projected into the Moroccan coordinate system (Merchich North) then processed to evaluate soil loss through a GIS package (Idrisi Andes Software). These static assessments of soil loss were then used in a deposition/sedimentation algorithm to model soil loss propagation to the downstream. The soil loss averages determined by the model vary between 1.09 t/ha/yr as a minimum value for the reforested lands and 169.4 t/ha/yr as a maximum value for the uncultivated lands (badlands). The latter generally correspond to Regosols or low protected soils located on steep slopes. In comparison with RUSLE, the sedimentation model yields lower values of soil losses; only 97.3 t/h/year for the uncultivated lands, and -0.34 t/ha/year in the reforested land, indicating an on-going sedimentation process.

By taking into account the temporal variability of erosion and deposition jointly lower values of soil erosion are calculated by the RUSLE model. However, despite this decline, land degradation problems are still important due to the combination of land use and local lithology. The results of this study were used to indentify areas where interventions are needed to limit land degradation processes.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CAPABILITY OF 3D STRATIFIED FLOW FINITE ELEMENT MODEL IN CHARACTERIZING MEANDER DYNAMICS
Authors: Marthanty Dwinanti Rika , Soeryantono Herr , CARLIER Erick , Sutjinigsih Dwita
Published: February 2023

There have been attempts to simulate meander dynamics (Langbein and Leopold 1966, Oodgard 1989, Campoerale et. al 2007, da Silva and El-Tahawy 2008, Duan and Julien 2010, Blanckaert and de Vriend 2010, Esfahani and Keshavarzi 2011). Meandering geometry is complex phenomena (Chanson 2004, Wu 2008), this would include the dynamics of flow properties and of morphology. Simulating meander flow dynamics is mostly popular using either Finite Element Method (FEM) or Finite Volume Method (FVM) where are based on Eulerian description, and based on stationer grid-based methods (Wormleaton and Ewunetu 2006, Wu 2008, Duan and Julien 2010, Gomez-Gesteira et. al 2010). As such this model is lack of capability in simulating the dynamics of meander morphology; much effort is put through to overcome this issue with such as Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), Boundary Element Methods, Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian, etc. This paper has two objectives; to identify meander flow characteristics and sediment transport distribution patterns, and to simulate meander flow characteristics and sediment transport distribution patterns using FEM. This study has identified that the key of dynamics of flow characteristics are helical flow and coherent structures, and the key of dynamics of transport characteristics are erosion-deposition zone patterns. The finite element model using in this study, RMA has shown its capability to simulate the meander key characteristics above, for small deflection angles (30°) location of maximum erosion-deposition zones near the crossover of the sinuosity, for intermediate deflection angles (70°) location of maximum erosion-deposition zones between the crossover and apex of the sinuosity, and for large deflection angles (110°) location of maximum erosion-deposition zones near the apex of the sinuosity, these are agreed with experiments of Odgaard 1989, da Silva 2006, da Silva et. al 2006, and Esfahani and Keshavarzi (2012). These results can be used as a reference to develop a method to model meander morpho-dynamics.
COMPARISON OF EFFICIENCY OF A SOLAR DRIVEN CARNOT ENGINE UNDER MAXIMUM POWER AND POWER DENSITY CONDITIONS
Authors: Sinha Abhijit , Biswas Agnimitra , Sharma Kaushal Kumar
Published: February 2023

A comparative analysis on thermodynamic efficiency based on maximum power & power density conditions have been performed for a solar-driven Carnot heat engine with internal irreversibility. In this analysis, the heat transfer from the hot reservoir is to be in the radiation mode and the heat transfer to the cold reservoir is to be in the convection mode. The thermodynamic efficiency function, power & power density functions have been derived and maximization of the power functions have been performed for various design parameters. From the optimum conditions, the thermal efficiencies at maximum power and power densities have been obtained. The effects of internal irreversibility, extreme temperature ratios & specific engine size in area ratio between the hot & cold reservoirs as various design parameters on thermodynamic efficiencies have been investigated for both the conditions. The efficiencies have been compared with Curzon- Ahlborn & Carnot efficiencies respectively. The analysis showed that the efficiency at maximum power output is greater than the efficiency at maximum power density. And the efficiencies can be greater than the Curzon- Ahlborn`s efficiency only for low values of design parameters.
ASSESSMENT OF WATER PUMPING SYSTEM AND IMPROVEMENT IN HYDRO-ENERGETIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: Rego Augusto da Gama , Pimentel Almeida Santos Aline Christian , Rodrigues Pereira José Almir
Published: February 2023

Within the policy of sanitation services for all and the need to lower electricity consumption, current analysis evaluates the water pumping system and defines actions for the improvement of hydro-energetic performance. Research may be divided into two sections: assessment of the water pumping system (based on hydro-energetic simulation) and an analysis of the impact of inefficiency on electric energy consumption (based on computer simulation). Results revealed that methodology was satisfactory and that the main operational issues could be identified and corrections could be computer-simulated. A potential 16% reduction in consumption and in electricity costs could be obtained.
SAND DUNE CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT IN COASTAL AREA USING ALOS PALSAR DInSAR TECHNIQUE
Authors: Putri Ratih Fitria , Wibirama Sunu , Sukamdi S. , Giarsih Sri Rum
Published: February 2023

Big Earthquake generating tsunami occurred in the southern coastal of Java on 17 July 2006, There was a Tsunami waves occurred in the coastal area of West Java, Central Java, and Yogyakarta. Southern part of Java is characterized by a high potential tsunami hazard. Parangtritis is located on the southern coastal area of Bantul District, Yogyakarta Province (Java Island). This area is considered as high vulnerable area due to tsunami. Sand dune in Parangtritis area have a function such as a barrier to threat tsunami hazard. The problem of this research is some stakeholder did not give aware to sand dune conservation as a barrier of tsunami hazard. To minimize the loss material, it is necessary to have a barrier for minimizing tsunami impact such as sand dune which can be determined by considering tsunami hazard zones. This research is aimed at detecting the changing of sand dune actual condition using remote sensing application on ALOS PALSAR Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar technique and simulate the tsunami inundation hazard impact (Scenario direction wave: south west, south east, south and west & elevation scenario wave: 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, 20 m, 25 m and 30 m). The inundation zone due to tsunami would be determined using the predicted water depth scenario. The hypothesis of this study is the scenario tsunami wave with southeast direction and elevation wave 30 meters has large impact and thus need more extensive sand dune conservation area. The final result of this research is tsunami hazard map and sand dune conservation management map.
OPEN SPACE DESIGN STUDY ON THE BASIS OF EXTREME MICROCLIMATE AND SPATIAL BEHAVIOR IN NORTHERN CHINA
Authors: Guo Zhiming , Setoguchi Tsuyoshi , Watanabe Norihiro , Huo Ke
Published: February 2023

Microclimate in open space affected by the urban layout and spatial forms plays an important role in the outdoor comfort, thus the outdoor activities based on the comfort sensation will directly affected by the microclimate. An outstanding open space should satisfy different requirements of outdoor activities and create relatively comfortable sensation. Most studies have been conducted on these relationships only above 0 Celsius degree. However, only few have focused on extreme situations in both hot and cold seasons. Therefore, from microclimate perspective, taking people’s comfort and spatial behaviors as criterions, this research discussed how the open space forms affect microclimate, thus affect comfort sensation and spatial behaviors. The outcomes may provide some useful insights for planners and architects to understand the relationship among microclimate, open space and people. Results showed that microclimate obviously affected people’s comfort. In hot season, shade and air-flow played crucial roles in outdoor comfort. People tend to stay outside in the shade and the area with higher air velocity. After sunset is popular period for outdoor activities. In cold season, at the same ambient temperature, lower air velocity raised the comfort level. Shade also had influences on comfort sensation but do not affect spatial behaviors significantly. This paper also proposes optimization design proposals of densely populated open space based on extreme microclimate and spatial behaviour.