bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sufficient conditions for stability and stabilization of networked control systems with uncertainties and nonlinearities
Authors: Gyurkovics Eva , Eszes David
Published: September 2014

In this paper, we consider the problem of robust stability and stabilization for networked control systems (NCS) with uncertain/nonlinear dynamics AUTHOR: Please check that authors and their affiliations are correct. in which the network‐induced delays are time‐varying and bounded. Based on some recent achievements, a relatively simple Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional is proposed to derive sufficient conditions both for analysis and synthesis of NCS in the form of LMIs depending on the delay bounds. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by several benchmark examples available in the literature. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Invasibility Drives Restoration of a Floodplain Plant Community
Authors: Toth L. A.
Published: September 2014

An understanding of the processes that determine plant community structure is a requisite for the planning and evaluation of restoration efforts on river floodplains. Variable disturbance regimes derived from flood pulses increase the susceptibility of river floodplains to colonizations by new species and establish invasibility as a potentially important factor in plant community assembly and dynamics. The role of invasibility in the restoration of a wet prairie community on the Kissimmee River floodplain in central Florida was evaluated by quantifying temporal species turnover rates during wet and dry season sampling over a 12‐year pre‐restoration and post‐restoration period. Turnover rates increased with reestablishment of annual inundation regimes and were significantly greater on the reflooded floodplain than on the drained, channelized floodplain. Recurrent periods of increased invasibility were associated with repeated high‐amplitude flood pulses and accompanied by increased diversity of plant communities within the wet prairie landscape. Neither invasibility nor beta diversity was strongly related to the variable hydroperiods or depths provided by local topography and restoration of seasonal hydrologic regimes. Results suggest that invasibility is a functional process by which the restored flood pulse has reestablished the structure and diversity of the wet prairie. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Programmed Synthesis of Freestanding Graphene Nanomembrane Arrays
Authors: Waduge Pradeep , Larkin Joseph , Upmanyu Moneesh , Kar Swastik , Wanunu Meni
Published: September 2014

Freestanding graphene membranes are unique materials. The combination of atomically thin dimensions, remarkable mechanical robustness, and chemical stability make porous and non‐porous graphene membranes attractive for water purification and various sensing applications. Nanopores in graphene and other 2D materials have been identified as promising devices for next‐generation DNA sequencing based on readout of either transverse DNA base‐gated current or through‐pore ion current. While several ground breaking studies of graphene‐based nanopores for DNA analysis have been reported, all methods to date require a physical transfer of the graphene from its source of production onto an aperture support. The transfer process is slow and often leads to tears in the graphene that render many devices useless for nanopore measurements. In this work, we report a novel scalable approach for site‐directed fabrication of pinhole‐free graphene nanomembranes. Our approach yields high quality few‐layer graphene nanomembranes produced in less than a day using a few steps that do not involve transfer. We highlight the functionality of these graphene devices by measuring DNA translocation through electron‐beam fabricated nanopores in such membranes.
Effect of preventive maintenance intervals on reliability and maintenance costs of wind turbine gearboxes
Authors: Igba Joel , Alemzadeh Kazem , Henningsen Keld , Durugbo Christopher
Published: September 2014

As many of the installed wind turbines (WTs) get older or approach their design life, there will be a drive to keep extending the lives of the main components especially the gearbox. The challenge of operations and maintenance will potentially be even more as there will be a need to keep the cost to a minimum. Similarly, as years of experience of operating WTs accumulate, knowledge about the behaviour and failure of subsystems is gained as well. Also with good documentation and repository of historical operational, performance and failure data, future decisions of operations and maintenance can be taken on the basis of insights from past experience. This paper presents an approach for implementing preventive maintenance (PM) by using historical failure data to determine the optimal PM interval required to maintain desired reliability of a typical module or subassembly. This paper builds upon previous research in the area of WT gearbox reliability analysis and prediction, taking it further by examining the relationships between the frequency of a PM task and the reliability, availability and maintenance costs. The approach presented demonstrates how historical in‐service failure data can be used in PM task selection based on the minimum maintenance cost and maximum availability. Available historical field failure data of the high speed module of a Vestas 2MW WT gearbox is used to validate the approach and show its practicality. The results of this study are then presented—indicating that choosing the right PM interval based on the minimum unit maintenance cost and maximum availability also improves WT gearbox reliability. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Molecular Structure of a Dimeric Organometallic Indiumsubfluoride
Authors: Uhl Werner , Lawerenz Andreas , Layh Marcus
Published: September 2014

The reaction of the tetraindium(I) cluster compound In4[C(SiMe3)3]4 (1) with silver tetrafluoridoborate afforded the unique organometallic indium(II) subfluoride [(Me3Si)3C(F)In‐In(F)C(SiMe3)3]2 2 via selective oxidation of the indium atoms by Ag+. Compound 2 features an In4F4 cage at its molecular core in which two In–In single bonds that are perpendicular to each other are bridged by four fluorine atoms.
The Psychological Impact of Predictive Genetic Testing for Huntington′s Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Crozier S , Robertson N , Dale M
Published: September 2014

Huntington′s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative genetic condition for which a predictive genetic test by mutation analysis has been available since 1993. However, whilst revealing the future presence of the disease, testing may have an adverse psychological impact given that the disease is progressive, incurable and ultimately fatal. This review seeks to systematically explore the psychological impact of genetic testing for individuals undergoing pre‐symptomatic mutation analysis. Three databases (Medline, PsycInfo and Scopus) were interrogated for studies utilising standardised measures to assess psychological impact following predictive genetic testing for HD. From 100 papers initially identified, eight articles were eligible for inclusion. Psychological impact of predictive genetic testing was not found to be associated with test result. No detrimental effect of predictive genetic testing on non‐carriers was found, although the process was not found to be psychologically neutral. Fluctuation in levels of distress was found over time for carriers and non‐carriers alike. Methodological weaknesses of published literature were identified, notably the needs of individuals not requesting genetic testing, as well as inadequate support for individuals registering elevated distress and declining post‐test follow‐up. Further assessment of these vulnerable individuals is warranted to establish the extent and type of future psychological support.
Existing Challenges Associated with Offering Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis in an Arab Society in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Bruwer Zandrè , Achandira Udayakumar , Al Kharousi Khalsa , Al‐Kindy Adila
Published: September 2014

The incidence of congenital anomalies and/or genetic disorders in the Omani population has reached figures greater than double the global statistics. Preference for consanguineous unions together with the fact that termination of pregnancy in Muslim communities are largely avoided, have been highlighted as contributing factors. This overview identifies a third significant aspect contributing to the elevated rate of genetic disorders in the Omani population. Namely, a lack of services that are able to offer termination of pregnancy for severe congenital anomalies, to requesting parents. In this report we select an unusual case of a family at risk for two distinct genetic disorders ‐ 6q micro‐deletion and unbalanced products of conception attributed to a balanced parental translocation involving chromosome 3 and 13, to portray and examine the current situation faced by Omani couples interested in prenatal diagnosis for termination of pregnancy. Additional challenges and pitfalls to developing a prenatal diagnostic service as part of the genetic service in Oman are discussed.
A systematic review of perinatal depression interventions for adolescent mothers
Authors: Lieberman Kate , Le Huynh‐Nhu , Perry Deborah F.
Published: September 2014

Poor, adolescent, racial/ethnic minority women are at great risk for developing perinatal depression. However, little research has been conducted evaluating interventions for this population. We conducted a systematic review of preventive and treatment interventions for perinatal depression tested with adolescents, with a focus on low income, minority populations. Nine research‐based articles (including one that reported on two studies) were reviewed systematically, and quality ratings were assigned based on a validated measure assessing randomization, double‐blinding, and reporting of participant withdrawals. Two treatment studies were identified, both of which were successful in reducing depression. Eight prevention studies were located, of which four were more efficacious than control conditions in preventing depression. Studies sampled mostly minority, low socioeconomic status adolescents. No consistent characteristics across efficacious interventions could be identified. This review underscores the need for researchers to further investigate and build an evidence base.
Latino cultural values as protective factors against sexual risks among adolescents
Authors: Ma Mindy , Malcolm Lydia R. , Diaz‐Albertini Kristine , Klinoff Vera A. , Leeder Elisa , Barrientos Sohani , Kibler Jeffrey L.
Published: September 2014

The study objective was to examine the associations between cultural values and sexual risk factors among Latino youth. A sample of 226 Latino adolescents ages 13–16 completed a survey on cultural and sexual variables. Results indicate higher levels of Latino cultural orientation were related to greater sexual self‐efficacy and fewer sexual partners for female adolescents and greater condom use self‐efficacy for both males and females. Greater endorsement of simpatia (belief in interpersonal relationship harmony) was associated with sexual abstinence and greater sexual self‐efficacy for all adolescents, and with being older at sexual debut for females. Stronger endorsement of respeto (respect towards parents and other authority figures) was correlated with a lower intention to have sex during secondary school and greater condom use self‐efficacy. American cultural orientation was associated with less condom use. Our findings indicate Latino cultural values may serve as protective factors against sexual risk behaviors among Latino youth.
Inositol phosphosphingolipid phospholipase C1 regulates plasma membrane ATPase (Pma1) stability in Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Farnoud Amir M. , Mor Visesato , Singh Ashutosh , Del Poeta Maurizio
Published: September 2014

Cryptococcus neoformans is a facultative intracellular pathogen, which can replicate in the acidic environment inside phagolysosomes. Deletion of the enzyme inositol‐phosphosphingolipid‐phospholipase‐C (Isc1) makes C. neoformans hypersensitive to acidic pH likely by inhibiting the function of the proton pump, plasma membrane ATPase (Pma1). In this work, we examined the role of Isc1 on Pma1 transport and oligomerization. Our studies showed that Isc1 deletion did not affect Pma1 synthesis or transport, but significantly inhibited Pma1 oligomerization. Interestingly, Pma1 oligomerization could be restored by supplementing the medium with phytoceramide. These results offer insight into the mechanism of intracellular survival of C. neoformans.
Results of lumbar spine surgery: A postal survey
Authors: Järvimäki Voitto , Juurikka Lotta , Vakkala Merja , Kautiainen Hannu , Haanpää Maija
Published: September 2014

Background and aim

No studies have been published regarding the results of lumbar spine surgery a in population-based setting in Finland. Our objective was to investigate functional capacity and quality of life after lumbar spine surgery in a population-based cohort in Northern Finland, focusing on working-age patients.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional postal survey. Three questionnaires (a self-made questionnaire, the Oswestry Low Back Disability Questionnaire and the SF-36) were sent the patients aged 18-65 years who had undergone lumbar spine surgery due to disc herniation, instability or spinal stenosis in the Oulu University Hospital between June 2005 and May 2008.

Results

The postal survey was sent to 814 patients, of whom 537 patients (66%) replied. Of these, 361 (67%) underwent disc surgery, 85 (16%) stabilizing surgery and 91 (17%) decompression. Pain was absent or present only occasional in 51% in the disc surgery group, whereas it was present daily in 59% in the stabilizing surgery group and in 58% in the decompression group (P < 0.001). Axial pain was slightly more intense than radicular pain. Pain was milder in the disc surgery group compared with the stabilizing surgery and decompression groups: mean (SD) axial pain with 0-10 NRS was 4.0 (2.3), 4.7 (2.4) and 4 (2.3) respectively (P = 0.002) and radicular pain 3.5 (2.6), 4.2 (2.8), 4.5 (2.6) respectively (P < 0.001). The total ODI score (mean, SD) was 20 (17) in the disc surgery group, 35 (17) in the stabilizing surgery group and 32 (17) in the decompression group (P < 0.001). The physical dimension sum score from the SF-was 42 (11) in the disc surgery group and 34 (10) in the stabilizing surgery and decompression grou (P < 0.001). Mental sum scores did not vary significantly between the groups.

Conclusions and Implications

Outcome was good after lumbar disc operations but less favourable after stabilizing surgery and decompression regarding pain, functional capacity and quality of life. Implications. This study offers important information about outcome after lumbar spine surgery in Oulu University Hospital. It also brings out that in Finland we need systematic national spine register, with accurate pre-and postoperative data.
Alteration of postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations with meal frequency and composition
Authors: Kanaley Jill A. , Heden Timothy D. , Liu Ying , Fairchild Timothy J.
Published: September 2014

A frequent eating pattern may alter glycaemic control and augment postprandial insulin concentrations in some individuals due to the truncation of the previous postprandial period by a subsequent meal. The present study examined glucose, insulin, C-peptide and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) responses in obese individuals when meals were ingested in a high-frequency pattern (every 2 h, 6M) or in a low-frequency pattern (every 4 h, 3M) over 12 h. It also examined these postprandial responses to high-frequency, high-protein meals (6MHP). In total, thirteen obese subjects completed three 12 h study days during which they consumed 6276 kJ (1500 kcal): (1) 3M – 15 % protein and 65 % carbohydrate; (2) 6M – 15 % protein and 65 % carbohydrate; (3) 6MHP– 45 % protein and 35 % carbohydrate. Blood samples were collected every 10 min and analysed for glucose, insulin, C-peptide and GIP. Insulin total AUC (tAUC) and peak insulin concentrations (P< 0·05) were higher in the 3M condition than in the 6M condition, but there were no differences in glucose tAUC between the conditions. The 6MHPregimen (glucose: 3569 (se83) mmol/l × min (64·3 (se1·5) g/dl × min), insulin: 1·577 (se0·146) pmol/l (22·7 (se2·1) μIU/dl) for 12 h) lowered glucose and insulin excursions more so over 12 h than either the 3M regimen (glucose: 3913 (se78) mmol/l × min (70·5 (se1·4) g/dl × min), insulin: 2·195 (se0·146) pmol/l × min (31·6 (se2·1) μIU/dl × min) for 12 h) or the 6M regimen (glucose: 3902 (se83) mmol/l × min (70·3 (se1·5) g/dl × min), insulin: 1·861 (se0·174) pmol/l × min (26·8 (se2·5) μIU/dl × min) for 12 h;P< 0·01). Insulin secretion, GIP concentrations and the glucose:insulin ratio were not altered by meal frequency or composition. In obese subjects, ingestion of meals in a low-frequency pattern does not alter glucose tAUC, but increases postprandial insulin responses. The substitution of carbohydrates with protein in a frequent meal pattern results in tighter glycaemic control and reduced postprandial insulin responses.
The Parting Pelvis: Temporality, Sexuality, and Indian Womanhood in Chandralekha's Sharira (2001)
Authors: Mitra Royona
Published: September 2014

This article examines the late Indian choreographer Chandralekha's final work Sharira (2001), an intense duet between a woman and a man, as a challenge to heteronormative codes that govern the performance of Indian sexuality. This challenge is relayed in two ways: first, through a haunting triangle motif of the yoni (vagina in Sanskrit), that is evoked repeatedly through the controlled parting of the female dancer's legs, reminding us that her body is both a harbinger of life and a center of sexual agency. Second, the piece critiques heteronormativity through an über-slowing down of choreographic time, which emphasizes the materiality of the female body and the extremes it can execute. The article proposes that these two choreographic strategies are efficacious in rewriting heteronormative codes surrounding Indian sexuality only because they work interdependently. It is only because the female performer is able to part her legs in hyper-slow-motion that the evocations of her yoni move beyond the realm of an objectified, sexual body part that is to be occupied and consumed by a male partner. Instead it becomes a powerful emblem of her ability to contain and spawn sexual desire as well as to create, sustain, and give birth to life.
Tap and Teeth: Virtuosity and the Smile in the Films of Bill Robinson and Eleanor Powell
Authors: Morrison Margaret
Published: September 2014

Several films of 1935 catapulted tap dancers Bill “Bojangles” Robinson and Eleanor Powell to movie stardom. Robinson'sThe Littlest Rebeland Powell'sBroadway Melody of 1936utilize a cinematic formula that intercuts the virtuosic footwork of the tap artists with giant close-ups of their toothy grins. The experience for contemporary spectators can be unnerving, as magnified lips, teeth, and eyes dominate the screen and interrupt the pleasure of watching expert tap. While the close-up smile and the choreography of the camera helped the film industry reproduce the excitement of live performance, these dance scenes also mobilize constructions of black masculinity and white femininity, through editing techniques that create multilayered narratives of power, intimacy, and submission. Robinson's close-up can be read as a depiction of racial subservience, as audiences are confronted with the smiling minstrel mask and the perpetuation of the legacy of minstrelsy in Hollywood. Powell's smile in close-up emphasizes her feminine sexual availability and evokes the voyeuristic camera shots of beaming, passive showgirls. The interplay in these two movies between the extremes of the tap dancer's body, the smile and feet, offers an opportunity to examine tap virtuosity within Hollywood's rigid system of racial and gender stereotypes.
Kalman Filter Design for Initial Precision Alignment of a Strapdown Inertial Navigation System on a Rocking Base
Authors: Li Hanzhou , Pan Quan , Wang Xiaoxu , Jiang Xiangjun , Deng Lin
Published: September 2014

In this paper, a conventional Strapdown Inertial Navigation System (SINS) alignment method on a disturbed base is analysed. A novel method with an attitude tracking idea is proposed for the rocking base alignment. It is considered in this method that the alignment algorithm should track the rocking base attitude real changes in the alignment process, but not excessively restrain disturbance. According to this idea, a rapid alignment algorithm is devised for the rocking base. In the algorithm, coarse alignment is carried out within 30 s in the inertial frame with alignment precision less than 2°, which meets Kalman filter linearization conditions well. Then a Kalman filter with ten state vectors and four measurement vectors is applied for the fine alignment to improve the capability of the algorithm in tracking the vehicle attitude. A turntable rotation experiment is carried out to validate the capability of the fine algorithm in tracing the large magnitude change during alignment. It is shown that the repeated alignment precision is about 0·04° by the alignment experiment on a rocking vehicle, with alignment time of 180 s. The Laser Strapdown Inertial Navigation System (LINS) ground navigation experiment suggests that the algorithm proposed by this paper can be satisfied without the need of high precision SINS alignment.
On the Diameter of Random Planar Graphs
Authors: CHAPUY GUILLAUME , FUSY ÉRIC , GIMÉNEZ OMER , NOY MARC
Published: September 2014

We show that the diameter diam(Gn) of a random labelled connected planar graph withnvertices is equal ton1/4+o(1), in probability. More precisely, there exists a constantc> 0 such that$$ P(\D(G_n)\in(n^{1/4-\e},n^{1/4+\e}))\geq 1-\exp(-n^{c\e}) $$for ε small enough andn ≥ n0(ε). We prove similar statements for 2-connected and 3-connected planar graphs and maps.
The 2012 Derecho: Emergency Medical Services and Hospital Response
Authors: Kearns Randy D. , Wigal Mark S. , Fernandez Antonio , Tucker March A. , Zuidgeest Ginger R. , Mills Michael R. , Cairns Bruce A. , Cairns Charles B.
Published: September 2014

During the early afternoon of June 29, 2012, a line of destructive thunderstorms producing straight line winds known as a derecho developed near Chicago (Illinois, USA). The storm moved southeast with wind speeds recorded from 100 to 160 kilometers per hour (kph, 60 to 100 miles per hour [mph]). The storm swept across much of West Virginia (USA) later that evening. Power outage was substantial as an estimated 1,300,000 West Virginians (more than half) were without power in the aftermath of the storm and approximately 600,000 citizens were still without power a week later. This was one of the worst storms to strike this area and occurred as residents were enduring a prolonged heat wave. The wind damage left much of the community without electricity and the crippling effect compromised or destroyed critical infrastructure including communications, air conditioning, refrigeration, and water and sewer pumps. This report describes utilization of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and hospital resources in West Virginia in response to the storm. Also reported is a review of the weather phenomena and the findings and discussion of the disaster and implications.

KearnsRD,WigalMS,FernandezA,TuckerMAJr,ZuidgeestGR,MillsMR,CairnsBA,CairnsCB.The 2012 derecho: Emergency Medical Services and hospital response.Prehosp Disaster Med.2014;29(5):1-4.
Gypsum-hosted endolithic communities of the Lake St. Martin impact structure, Manitoba, Canada: spectroscopic detectability and implications for Mars
Authors: Rhind T. , Ronholm J. , Berg B. , Mann P. , Applin D. , Stromberg J. , Sharma R. , Whyte L.G. , Cloutis E.A.
Published: September 2014

There is increasing evidence that Mars may have once been a habitable environment. Gypsum is targeted in the search for Martian biosignatures because it can host extensive cryptoendolithic communities in extreme terrestrial environments and is widespread on Mars. In this study the viability of using different spectroscopy-based techniques to identify the presence of gypsum endolithic communities was investigated by analysing various cryptoendoliths collected from the Lake St. Martin impact crater (LSM), a Mars analogue site found in Manitoba, Canada. Concurrently, the cryptoendolithic microbial community structure present was also analysed to aid in assigning spectroscopic features to microbial community members. Two main morphologies of endolithic communities were collected from gypsum deposits at LSM: true cryptoendolithic communities and annular deposits on partially buried boulders and cobbles <1 cm below the soil surface. Endolithic communities were found to be visibly present only in gypsum with a high degree of translucency and could occur as deep as 3 cm below the exterior surface. The bacterial community was dominated by a phylum (Chloroflexi) that has not been previously observed in gypsum endoliths. The exterior surfaces of gypsum boulders and cobbles are devoid of spectroscopic features attributable to organic molecules and detectable by reflectance, Raman, or ultraviolet-induced fluorescence spectroscopies. However, exposed interior surfaces show unique endolithic signatures detectable by each spectroscopic technique. This indicates that cryptoendolithic communities can be detected via spectroscopy-based techniques, provided they are either partially or fully exposed and enough photon–target interactions occur to enable detection.
How the Scholars Strategy Network Helps Academics Gain Public Influence
Authors: Skocpol Theda
Published: September 2014

Many American professors are looking for innovative ways to engage policymakers and fellow citizens—and the boldest new endeavor is the fast-growing Scholars Strategy Network. Since 2011, “SSN” (as it is called) has enrolled more than 470 scholars from many disciplines working at over 140 colleges and universities. Many members participate in issue-oriented groups to address major national challenges—ranging from voting rights and the effects of mass incarceration, to health reform implementation, and to women’s roles in politics and government. SSN also supports nineteen regional chapters operating autonomously in states and metropolitan areas from Maine to Hawaii and Minnesota to Texas. Each member presents research findings in vividly written two-page briefs. In turn, SSN staffers and volunteer leaders link members and their research to journalists and bloggers, to policymakers and their staffs, and to citizens associations and advocacy groups concerned with public issues. The Network as a whole is not aligned with any ideology, political party, or candidate. Members espouse varied views and make individual choices about civic engagement, yet they share a belief that scholars should reach beyond the ivory tower and draw from academic research to improve public policy and enhance democracy.
Insecure Attachment and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents
Authors: Sheftall Arielle H. , Schoppe-Sullivan Sarah J. , Bridge Jeffrey A.
Published: September 2014

Background: Suicide among adolescents is an important public health problem. One risk factor for youth suicidal behavior that has been underexplored is insecure attachment. Aims: To investigate the association between attachment avoidance/anxiety and suicidal behavior in an adolescent sample. Method: This study examined attachment insecurity in 40 adolescents who had attempted suicide and 40 never-suicidal demographically matched youths. Adolescents completed self-report measures of attachment style, family alliance, and depressive symptoms. Results: Suicide attempters reported significantly higher attachment avoidance and anxiety. Attachment avoidance, but not anxiety, predicted suicide attempt status in a conditional logistic regression analysis that controlled for depressive symptoms and family alliance. Conclusion: Future research should determine the relative utility of attachment insecurity in prospectively predicting suicide attempts and investigate potential mediators and moderators of this association. Implications for clinicians working with suicidal youth with insecure attachment styles are discussed.
PRINTQUAL – A Measure for Assessing the Quality of Newspaper Reporting of Suicide
Authors: John Ann , Hawton Keith , Lloyd Keith , Luce Ann , Platt Stephen , Scourfield Jonathan , Marchant Amanda L. , Jones Phil A. , Dennis Mick S.
Published: September 2014

Background: Many studies have demonstrated a relationship between newspaper reporting of actual or fictional suicides and subsequent suicidal behaviors. Previous measures of the quality of reporting lack consistency concerning which specific elements should be included and how they should be weighted. Aims: To develop an instrument, PRINTQUAL, comprising two scales of the quality (poor and good) of newspaper reporting of suicide that can be used in future studies of reporting. Method: A first draft of the PRINTQUAL instrument was compiled, comprising items indicative of poor- and good-quality newspaper reporting based on guidelines and key sources of evidence. This was refined by team members and then circulated to a group of international experts in the field for further opinion and weighting of individual items. Results: The final instrument comprised 19 items in the poor-quality scale and four in the good-quality scale. Following training, agreement between raters was acceptably high for most items (κ ≥ .75) except for three items for which agreement was still acceptable (κ ≥ .60). Conclusion: The PRINTQUAL instrument for assessing the quality of newspaper reporting of suicide appears appropriate for use in research and monitoring in future studies.
Glucose substitution prolongs maintenance of energy homeostasis and lifespan of telomere dysfunctional mice
Authors: Missios Pavlos , Zhou Yuan , Guachalla Luis Miguel , von Figura Guido , Wegner Andre , Chakkarappan Sundaram Reddy , Binz Tina , Gompf Anne , Hartleben Götz , Burkhalter Martin D. , Wulff Veronika , Günes Cagatay , Sattler Rui Wang , Song Zhangfa , Illig Thomas , Klaus Susanne , Böhm Bernhard O. , Wenz Tina , Hiller Karsten , Rudolph K. Lenhard
Published: September 2014

DNA damage and telomere dysfunction shorten organismal lifespan. Here we show that oral glucose administration at advanced age increases health and lifespan of telomere dysfunctional mice. The study reveals that energy consumption increases in telomere dysfunctional cells resulting in enhanced glucose metabolism both in glycolysis and in the tricarboxylic acid cycle at organismal level. In ageing telomere dysfunctional mice, normal diet provides insufficient amounts of glucose thus leading to impaired energy homeostasis, catabolism, suppression of IGF-1/mTOR signalling, suppression of mitochondrial biogenesis and tissue atrophy. A glucose-enriched diet reverts these defects by activating glycolysis, mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative glucose metabolism. The beneficial effects of glucose substitution on mitochondrial function and glucose metabolism are blocked by mTOR inhibition but mimicked by IGF-1 application. Together, these results provide the first experimental evidence that telomere dysfunction enhances the requirement of glucose substitution for the maintenance of energy homeostasis and IGF-1/mTOR-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis in ageing tissues.
In vivo single-molecule imaging identifies altered dynamics of calcium channels in dystrophin-mutant C. elegans
Authors: Zhan Hong , Stanciauskas Ramunas , Stigloher Christian , Keomanee-Dizon Kevin , Jospin Maelle , Bessereau Jean-Louis , Pinaud Fabien
Published: September 2014

Single-molecule (SM) fluorescence microscopy allows the imaging of biomolecules in cultured cells with a precision of a few nanometres but has yet to be implemented in living adult animals. Here we used split-GFP (green fluorescent protein) fusions and complementation-activated light microscopy (CALM) for subresolution imaging of individual membrane proteins in live Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). In vivo tissue-specific SM tracking of transmembrane CD4 and voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCC) was achieved with a precision of 30 nm within neuromuscular synapses and at the surface of muscle cells in normal and dystrophin-mutant worms. Through diffusion analyses, we reveal that dystrophin is involved in modulating the confinement of VDCC within sarcolemmal membrane nanodomains in response to varying tonus of C. elegans body-wall muscles. CALM expands the applications of SM imaging techniques beyond the petri dish and opens the possibility to explore the molecular basis of homeostatic and pathological cellular processes with subresolution precision, directly in live animals.
Dual-drug delivery of curcumin and platinum drugs in polymeric micelles enhances the synergistic effects: a double act for the treatment of multidrug-resistant cancer
Authors: Scarano Wei , de Souza Paul , Stenzel Martina H.
Published: September 2014

Combinational chemotherapy is often used to prevent drug induced resistance in cancer.
Coordination Polymer Particles with ligand-centred pH-responses and spin transition
Authors: Nador F. , Novio F. , Ruiz-Molina D.
Published: September 2014

New amorphous coordination polymer particles (CPPs) based on bis-catechol ligands showed pH-tuned spin transition responses.
Fragmentation of the quinoxaline N-oxide bond to the ˙OH radical upon one-electron bioreduction
Authors: Yadav Pooja , Marshall Andrew J. , Reynisson Jóhannes , Denny William A. , Hay Michael P. , Anderson Robert F.
Published: September 2014

One-electron reduction of 3-trifluoromethyl-quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide breaks the N-oxide bond to release the ˙OH radical.
Tandem catalysis: a new approach to polypeptides and cyclic carbonates
Authors: Raman Sumesh K. , Brulé Emilie , Tschan Mathieu J.-L. , Thomas Christophe M.
Published: September 2014

Commercially available complexes are efficient catalysts for polymerization of α-aminoacid-N-carboxyanhydrides followed by cycloaddition of the resulting carbon dioxide to epoxides.
The perils of rational design – unexpected irreversible elimination of fluoride from 3-fluoro-2-methylacyl-CoA esters catalysed by α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR; P504S)
Authors: Yevglevskis Maksims , Lee Guat L. , Threadgill Michael D. , Woodman Timothy J. , Lloyd Matthew D.
Published: September 2014

Characterisation of a novel elimination reaction catalysed by human α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR; P504S), converting2Rto4, is reported.
Direct core functionalisation of naphthalenediimides by iridium catalysed C–H borylation
Authors: Lyall Catherine L. , Shotton Camilla C. , Pérez-Salvia Monserrat , Dan Pantoş G. , Lewis Simon E.
Published: September 2014

We report the first boron-substituted naphthalenediimides (NDIs), prepared by iridium catalysed C–H activation. Both mono- and diborylated products are available, which have been further elaborated by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling.
Clathrates of TETROL: selective inclusion of methylcyclohexanones in their energetically unfavorable axial methyl conformations
Authors: Barton B. , Caira M. R. , Hosten E. C. , McCleland C. W. , Weitz S.
Published: September 2014

TETROL, surprisingly, includes 3- and 4-methylcyclohexanone exclusively in their energetically disfavoured axial conformations.
Where does the Raman optical activity of [Rh(en)3]3+come from? Insight from a combined experimental and theoretical approach
Authors: Humbert-Droz Marie , Oulevey Patric , Lawson Daku Latévi Max , Luber Sandra , Hagemann Hans , Bürgi Thomas
Published: September 2014

Raman optical activity (ROA) spectra are measured and calculated for Δ- and Λ-tris-(ethylenediamine)rhodium(iii) chloride in aqueous solution.
Astrochemistry of transition metals? The selected cases of [FeN]+, [FeNH]+and [(CO)2FeN]+: pathways toward CH3NH2and HNCO
Authors: Fioroni Marco
Published: September 2014

Transition metals are proposed to play an active role in the synthesis of organic compounds containing heteroatoms in astrochemistry.
Visible-light-assisted selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 on porphyrin derivative-modified TiO2 photocatalysts
Authors: Yamamoto Akira , Mizuno Yuto , Teramura Kentaro , Hosokawa Saburo , Shishido Tetsuya , Tanaka Tsunehiro
Published: September 2014

Porphyrin derivative-modified TiO2 photocatalysts exhibited high activity for photo-assisted selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 (NH3-SCR) under visible-light irradiation.
Lignin solubilisation and gentle fractionation in liquid ammonia
Authors: Strassberger Zea , Prinsen Pepijn , Klis Frits van der , Es Daan S. van , Tanase Stefania , Rothenberg Gadi
Published: September 2014

It's definitely not water! The complete dissolution of lignin in pure liquid ammonia opens opportunities for converting this abundant yet stubborn biopolymer to useful aromatics under moderate conditions.
Three-component reaction between substituted β-nitrostyrenes, β-dicarbonyl compounds and amines: diversity-oriented synthesis of novel β-enaminones
Authors: Ye Weijian , Li Yan , Zhou Lanxiang , Liu Juanjuan , Wang Cunde
Published: September 2014

The diversity-oriented synthesis of β-enaminones via three-component reaction between substituted β-nitrostyrenes, β-dicarbonyl compounds and amines is developed.
Direct synthesis of aryl substituted pyrroles from calcium carbide: an underestimated chemical feedstock
Authors: Kaewchangwat Narongpol , Sukato Rangsarit , Vchirawongkwin Viwat , Vilaivan Tirayut , Sukwattanasinitt Mongkol , Wacharasindhu Sumrit
Published: September 2014

In this work, a novel synthetic methodology for the preparation of aryl pyrroles directly from the reaction of calcium carbide with oxime is reported.
Controlled incremental filtration: a simplified approach to design and fabrication of high-throughput microfluidic devices for selective enrichment of particles
Authors: Gifford Sean C. , Spillane Angela M. , Vignes Seth M. , Shevkoplyas Sergey S.
Published: September 2014

This paper describes the development of a new, easy-to-implement approach to generate high-throughput microfluidic particle-separation devices.
Probing of the combined effect of bisquaternary ammonium antimicrobial agents and acetylsalicylic acid on model phospholipid membranes: differential scanning calorimetry and mass spectrometry studies
Authors: Kasian N. A. , Pashynska V. A. , Vashchenko O. V. , Krasnikova A. O. , Gömöry A. , Kosevich M. V. , Lisetski L. N.
Published: September 2014

Qualitatively different membranotropic effects of the individual drugs and complexes formed in their combined use were demonstrated by differential scanning calorimetry.
Charge transfer aided selective sensing and capture of picric acid by triphenylbenzenes
Authors: Vishnoi Pratap , Sen Saumik , Patwari G. Naresh , Murugavel Ramaswamy
Published: September 2014

A new triaminophenylbenzene based fluorescent chemo-sensor has been synthesized and successfully employed for the selective fluorescence detection of picric acid.
Visible-emitting hybrid sol–gel materials comprising lanthanide ions: thin film behaviour and potential use as phosphors for solid-state lighting
Authors: Huang Xiaoguang , Zucchi Gaël , Tran Jacqueline , Pansu Robert B. , Brosseau Arnaud , Geffroy Bernard , Nief François
Published: September 2014

Luminescent thin films of hybrid silica-based materials were studied and an Eu-containing one was coated on a near-UV LED chip to be investigated as a red phosphor.
New thermally stable energetic materials: synthesis and characterization of guanylhydrazone substituted furoxan energetic derivatives
Authors: Wu Bo , Yang Hongwei , Lin Qiuhan , Wang Zhixin , Lu Chunxu , Cheng Guangbin
Published: September 2014

The synthesis and characterization of guanylhydrazone substituted furoxan energetic derivatives with good thermal stabilities and detonation performance are now reported.
Tailored synthesis of hierarchical spinous hollow titania hexagonal prisms via a self-template route
Authors: Zhang Ye , Guan Buyuan , Tang Duihai , Wang Xue , Wang Tao , Zhi Bo , Wang Dongmei , Li Xiang , Liu Yunling , Huo Qisheng
Published: September 2014

This work demonstrates the design and synthesis of hierarchical spinous hollow titania hexagonal prisms via a facile fluorine-free “self-template” route and investigated their lithium storage properties.
Controlled synthesis, asymmetrical transport behavior and luminescence properties of lanthanide doped ZnO mushroom-like 3D hierarchical structures
Authors: Yue Dan , Lu Wei , Jin Lin , Li Chunyang , Luo Wen , Wang Mengnan , Wang Zhenling , Hao Jianhua
Published: September 2014

Lanthanide doped ZnO mushroom-like 3D hierarchical structures, similar to the natural lentinus edodes, can be synthesized in a controlled manner by polyol method through the bubbling of N2 and the addition of (NH4)2HPO4.
A straightforward modification in the thrombin binding aptamer improving the stability, affinity to thrombin and nuclease resistance
Authors: Esposito Veronica , Scuotto Maria , Capuozzo Antonella , Santamaria Rita , Varra Michela , Mayol Luciano , Virgilio Antonella , Galeone Aldo
Published: September 2014

Introduction of inversion of polarity sites at the 5′- and/or 3′-end in the thrombin binding aptamer is a simple modification able to improve, at the same time, thermal stability, affinity to thrombin and nuclease resistance.
Organocatalysts of oxidative protein folding inspired by protein disulfide isomerase
Authors: Lukesh III John C. , Andersen Kristen A. , Wallin Kelly K. , Raines Ronald T.
Published: September 2014

Organocatalysts derived from ethylenetriamine and containing a hydrophobic moiety effect the isomerization of non-native protein disulfide bonds to native ones.
Chemical and biological evaluation of unusual sugars, α-aculosides, as novel Michael acceptors
Authors: Ikeda Hiromasa , Kaneko Erika , Okuzawa Shunsuke , Takahashi Daisuke , Toshima Kazunobu
Published: September 2014

Unusual sugars, α-aculosides, were found to be novel and selective Michael acceptors to a thiol function of cysteine residues of proteins in living cells.
The magnetism of Fe4N/oxides (MgO, BaTiO3, BiFeO3) interfaces from first-principles calculations
Authors: Feng Nan , Mi Wenbo , Wang Xiaocha , Bai Haili
Published: September 2014

n- and p-type doping of MgO are induced in contact with FeIFeII and (FeII)2N terminations of Fe4N, respectively. The metallic characteristics are induced in BaTiO3 by contact with FeIFeII termination, whereas p- and n-type doping appears in (FeII)2N/BaO and (FeII)2N/TiO2 interfaces, respectively. The interfacial dipole due to charge rearrangement may induce the Fermi level pinning in Fe4N/MgO and (FeII)2N/BaTiO3 interfaces. The deposition of Fe4N on BiFeO3 can result in a metallic BiFeO3.
Effects of feeding mode on synthesis of polyalkylsilsesquioxane emulsion and latex properties
Authors: Liu Bo , Sun Zhengguang , Wu Jun , Huang Shiqiang
Published: September 2014

A stable polyalkylsilsesquioxane emulsion was prepared by batch and semi-continuous method emulsion polymerization. The influence of the two methods on the emulsion was investigated.
Intrinsic negative differential resistance characteristics in zigzag boron nitride nanoribbons
Authors: An Yipeng , Wang Kedong , Jia Guangrui , Wang Tianxing , Jiao Zhaoyong , Fu Zhaoming , Chu Xingli , Xu Guoliang , Yang Chuanlu
Published: September 2014

Zigzag boron nitride nanoribbon (ZBNNR) based devices exhibit intrinsic negative differential resistance (NDR) characteristics.
Measuring cellular forces using bis-aliphatic hydrazone crosslinked stress-relaxing hydrogels
Authors: McKinnon D. D. , Domaille D. W. , Brown T. E. , Kyburz K. A. , Kiyotake E. , Cha J. N. , Anseth K. S.
Published: September 2014

A covalently adaptable hydrazone-crosslinked PEG hydrogel is used to measure the force of extension exerted by motor neurites.
A high-performance UV/visible photodetector of Cu2O/ZnO hybrid nanofilms on SWNT-based flexible conducting substrates
Authors: Liu Xianbin , Du Hejun , Wang Penghua , Lim Teik-Thye , Sun Xiao Wei
Published: September 2014

A Cu2O/ZnO nanofilm photodetector was fabricated on flexible SWNT-coated substrates, which demonstrates excellent responsiveness under UV/visible illumination without external bias.
Patterning rubrene crystalline thin films for sub-micrometer channel length field-effect transistor arrays
Authors: Zhu Juan , Wang Wenchong , Zhong Qigang , Li Liqiang , Du Chuan , Lv Aifeng , Wang Hong , Fuchs Harald , Chi Lifeng
Published: September 2014

The patterned growth of crystalline rubrene films directly on electrodes is demonstrated. In addition, organic films with close packed and porous structures are locally achieved by controlling the electrode spaces, resulting in a two orders of magnitude difference in carrier mobility.
Protein kinase C involvement in cell cycle modulation
Authors: Poli Alessandro , Mongiorgi Sara , Cocco Lucio , Follo Matilde Y.
Published: September 2014

Protein kinases C (PKCs) are a family of serine/threonine kinases which act as key regulators in cell cycle progression and differentiation. Studies of the involvement of PKCs in cell proliferation showed that their role is dependent on cell models, cell cycle phases, timing of activation and localization. Indeed, PKCs can positively and negatively act on it, regulating entry, progression and exit from the cell cycle. In particular, the targets of PKCs resulted to be some of the key proteins involved in the cell cycle including cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), Cip/Kip inhibitors and lamins. Several findings described roles for PKCs in the regulation of G1/S and G2/M checkpoints. As a matter of fact, data from independent laboratories demonstrated PKC-related modulations of cyclins D, leading to effects on the G1/S transition and differentiation of different cell lines. Moreover, interesting data were published on PKC-mediated phosphorylation of lamins. In addition, PKC isoenzymes can accumulate in the nuclei, attracted by different stimuli including diacylglycerol (DAG) fluctuations during cell cycle progression, and target lamins, leading to their disassembly at mitosis. In the present paper, we briefly review how PKCs could regulate cell proliferation and differentiation affecting different molecules related to cell cycle progression.
Substrate trajectory through phospholipid-transporting P4-ATPases
Authors: Williamson Patrick
Published: September 2014

A difference in the lipid composition between the two leaflets of the same membrane is a relatively simple instance of lipid compositional heterogeneity. The large activation energy barrier for transbilayer movement for some (but not all) membrane lipids creates a regime governed by active transport processes. An early step in eukaryote evolution was the development of a capacity for generating transbilayer compositional heterogeneity far from equilibrium by directly tapping energy from the ATP pool. The mechanism of the P-type ATPases that create lipid asymmetry is well understood in terms of ATP hydrolysis, but the trajectory taken by the phospholipid substrate through the enzyme is a matter of current active research. There are currently three different models for this trajectory, all with support by mutation/activity measurements and analogies with known atomic structures.