bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algal Diversity in the Streams and Waterfalls of Eastern and North-Eastern Region of India
Authors: Bhakta S. , Adhikary S. P.
Published: May 2024

Two hundred fourteen species of algae were recorded from 12 mountain streams of Odisha and 21 streams and waterfalls of the Eastern Himalayan region covering West Bengal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Mizoram. Of these Chlorophyta (39), Cyanophyta (31), Heterokontophyta (24) and Euglenophyta (3) were specifically from the streams in Odisha whereas Cyanophyta (43), Chlorophyta (34) and Bacillariophyceae (26) were from the streams and waterfalls of the eastern Himalayan region. The diversity of algae in these two regions of eastern India differing in topography and climatic regime showed a wide variation of occurrence of taxa in these specialized and mostly unpolluted habitats. Only 14 species of algae of which Phormidium grnulatum, Calothrix fusca, Dichothrix orsiniana, Nostoc commune under Cyanophyta, Spirogyra maravillosa, Staurastrum bieneanum var. ellipticum, Stigeoclonium longipilum, Oedogonium wyliei under Chlorophyta and Fragillaria virescence, Synedra ulna, Synedra ulna var. aequalis, Synedra ulna var. amphirhynchus, Synedra ulna var. oxyrhynchus, Cymbella tumida under Bacillariophyceae of Heterokontophyta were recorded in certain streams of both the regions. Of these 214 algal taxa, 97 were recoded first from the Eastern and North-eastern region.
Sentidos culturais em imagens de telas de patchwork
Authors: Silva Cristiane A. Fernandes da , Oliveira Régia Cristina
Published: May 2024

A arte têxtil incorpora as telas artísticas confeccionadas com a técnica de patchwork, que ocupam espaço junto às outras obras em vitrines, feiras, galerias e museus. Objetiva-se aqui analisar os conteúdos constitutivos de algumas telas de patchwork que concorreram em concursos de feiras nacionais e internacionais de arte têxtil. Entrelaçando conceitos à análise empírica das telas, percebe-se que essa arte têxtil híbrida, que conjuga arte e artesanato, é permeada por modos de ver das artistas catalisadoras de valores socioculturais, a saber: labor, relação com a natureza, desigualdades sociais, festejos, religião, identidade e etnicidade.
Processo de comunicação diante dos cuidados paliativos: experiências de cuidadores familiares
Authors: Vieira Valéria Silva , Santos William Messias Silva , Santos Jaqueline Silva , Machado Gilmar Antonio Batista , Borges Amanda Aparecida
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Compreender a experiência do cuidador principal sobre o processo de comunicação entre profissionais de saúde e família diante dos cuidados paliativos. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. Os participantes do estudo foram 11 cuidadores familiares de pacientes que estão ou estiveram em cuidados paliativos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas narrativas, com a questão disparadora “Você sabe o que são cuidados paliativos?”. As entrevistas foram gravadas e após a transcrição, o conteúdo foi submetido à análise temática indutiva. Resultados: Na análise dos dados, emergiram três unidades temáticas: Comunicando os cuidados paliativos; Sofrendo com o não dito; e Faltando palavras. Esses temas retratam fragilidades na comunicação, traduzidas nas lacunas sobre o significado e abordagem dos cuidados paliativos, que são atrelados apenas aos cuidados nos momentos finais da vida do paciente e apreendidos como algo doloroso. Conclusão: As experiências dos cuidadores principais apontam aspectos relacionados às lacunas ainda presentes no processo de comunicação entre profissionais de saúde e o paciente/familiar, o que sinaliza a necessidade de fortalecimento dos processos comunicativos e ampliação dos entendimentos relacionados às potencialidades dos cuidados paliativos para o conforto e a melhoria da qualidade de vida.
Which casein micelle removal method is suitable for studies of human milk extracellular vesicles? A systematic comparison of four different treatments for casein depletion before extracellular vesicle isolation from human milk
Authors: Cetinkaya Hatice , Kongsomros Supasek , Nommsen-Rivers Laurie , Morrow Ardythe L. , Chutipongtanate Somchai
Published: May 2024

Aim: This study aimed to systematically compare four casein micelle removal methods on the particle and protein characteristics of the isolated human milk EVs.

Methods: The defatted milk was treated with 1% sodium citrate, 20 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1% acetic acid, or 1% chymosin/calcium chloride for 30 min at 4 °C to remove casein micelles. EV isolation was performed using qEV size exclusion chromatography. Milk turbidity at the optical density 350 nm and dot immunoblot with casein antibody were applied to monitor the qEV fractions. Particle analyses were performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The enrichment of human milk EV markers, i.e., tetraspanins, Alix, lactadherin, butyrophilin, and xanthine dehydrogenase, and casein depletion capabilities were evaluated by proteomics and immunoblotting.

Results: Compared to the untreated condition, sodium citrate and EDTA decreased milk turbidity by disrupting casein micelles, while acetic acid and chymosin removed them by inducing precipitation/coagulation. All treatments shifted casein immunoreactivity in the qEV fractions from large micelles (the exclusion volume) to small molecular sizes (gel-infiltrated fractions). Acidification affected human milk EV morphology, while EDTA, acetic acid, and chymosin methods slightly altered EV particle numbers. Different casein micelle removal methods confer different degrees of human milk EV marker enrichment and casein depletion. The method performances could be ranked as follows: chymosin > EDTA > acetic acid > sodium citrate.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that chymosin and EDTA should be considered as the method of choice for casein micelle removal in future studies involving human milk EV isolation and characterization.
President Tokayev’s Reforms and Diplomacy
Authors: Tukumov Y.
Published: May 2024

Since President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev took office in 2019 and trajectories of political and economic development have been accelerated, Kazakhstan has endured a series of challenges on the domestic level as well as on the international level, specifically in the context of the intersecting interests of the Russian Federation, China, and the United States in the Central Asian region. This article examines many key factors affecting the societal development of the country, including the risks that may affect the effectiveness of political changes. In addition, key factors as the demand of youth and society for increased involvement in political liberalizations, the crucial elements include of concepts associated with deepening social inequality, which eventually ended up in dramatic January (2022) unrest. Furthermore, it projects Kazakhstan’s short- and medium-term foreign policy and economic developments and illustrates the risks associated with political and economic liberalization for an emerged nation that has chosen to pursue resilient and sustainable growth. After contrasting Lipset’s theory of economic development leading to democracy with Asemoglu and Robinson’s perspective of economic development that results dictatorship or democracy, the author pointed out that Tokayev’s politics is a program where economic changes go hand in hand with the transformation of political system. To frame this issue, this article distinguishes between core and peripheral challenges, the essential risks are those that involve changing domestic politics to support democratic institutions, improve public administration effectiveness, and ultimately increase citizen participation in national governance. Governmental inefficiency, corruption, deterioration of geopolitical and geo-economics environment seem as the central barriers for reforms. Here, it also makes the case that the public’s desire for political and economic change ultimately coincides with Tokayev’s personal aspect as a president-reformer. In new complicated geopolitical landscape and the need in economic modernization the variety of transport corridors, regional connectivity and diversity in energy development have been emerged. The central conclusion draws that Kazakhstan’s foreign policy and international economic endeavors are directly impacted by the country’s extensive internal political and economic reforms.
Atumics Methods Implementation: Work and Eat Activity Improvement in Warunk Upnormal as Study Case
Authors: Wismoyo Erlana Adli , Hadiansyah Mahendra Nur , Putri Ahsana , Awaloka Faridah , Yashila Lilyana , Nurul Rizka
Published: May 2024

This article aims to improve the quality of eating and working activities provided by restaurants/cafes in their indoor facilities by using one of the furniture objects in the Warunk Upnormal case study as study material. It starts by analysing consumer activities and their relationship to the facilities provided by the service provider. Warunk Upnormal in its marketing campaign informs about activities that can be accommodated by its consumers, including eating, gathering, working, etc. In a survey conducted on a sample of these consumers, it is stated that the dominant activities are eating, drinking, and working. With this background, data collection related to profiles, activities, and activity support facilities was carried out through direct observation and online surveys using convenience sampling techniques. The literature on dining table facilities as a medium that accommodates activities is also studied. Ergonomic data on dining and worktable artifacts, and supporting tools for eating, drinking, and working activities were collected. These data were analysed through the revitalization method of traditional design, called ATUMICS, where this method is a method used to design new artifacts with an innovation orientation that refers to certain intentions or goals. Dining table innovation supports eating and drinking activities, and this work aims to accommodate these activities so that they can be carried out comfortably and productively. Adjustment of ATUMICS elements is applied to the design, which includes elements of technique, utility, materials, concept, and shape. In conclusion, it is found that by using the ATUMICS method the dining table object in the restaurant/cafe can be adapted to the service facilities provided by the restaurant/cafe so that consumers can carry out their activities optimally.
BambuFlex – a Digital Form-Finding Tool for Curved Bamboo Structure based on Indonesian Bamboo
Authors: Hardiansyah Wisnu Agung , Kusumawanto Arif , Irawati Inggar Septhia
Published: May 2024

Contemporary bamboo buildings with curved structures have recently gained popularity despite their challenging nature to design and construct. The inherent material characteristic must be incorporated into the design process, often called form-finding. The typical form-finding approach in Indonesia incorporates physical mediums known to be complex and laborious. On the contrary, the digital medium is rarely used due to the lack of tools capable of performing quick and accurate form-finding while incorporating local bamboo and bending methods. This paper showcases BambuFlex, a digital tool that performs quick and accurate form-finding based on local bamboo and bending approaches in Indonesia. The algorithm’s capability was validated by comparing its accuracy and real-time material feedback with the conventional physical method. The result shows that BambuFlex is able to provide accurate and materially informed form-finding, but it has some limitations. To conclude, BambuFlex can complement the conventional physical form finding, allowing architects to explore more design alternatives rapidly.
A Transitional Space for Raising Public Heritage Awareness: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Kamil Erfan M , Angkasa Zuber , Apriana Apriana
Published: May 2024

The Heritage awareness is an important element in ensuring the preservation of cultural heritage. Religion and cultural similarities are known to play an important role in heritage awareness. The problem in this research was the low awareness of the local community of their heritage, which was built from different religious cultures. In line with this, it is important to build an identity that can connect the community's religion with the religious context of the cultural heritage so that the community is aware of this heritage. This research aims to propose an architectural solution for raising public heritage awareness using religious similarity. Using literature review, the authors suggest the existence of a time tunnel that becomes a transitional space that connects people's current religious awareness with the past. The time tunnel is the context of cultural heritage in sites as well as in educational programs to raise awareness of the community's heritage as part of their identity. In general, the idea is supported by the liminality theory and threshold concept learning theory. We show the idea of using Buddhist heritage in contemporary Islamic Indonesia. These results provide concrete ideas based on architectural psychology and education and encourage the development of heritage conservation in areas that already have significant cultural differences from the communities that produce this heritage.
A Placemaking Approach to Assessing the Resilience of the Kelompok Tani Jambu, Gemblakan Atas Kampong
Authors: Hartono Steffany , Wiyatiningsih Wiyatiningsih , Utomo Gregorius Sri Wuryanto Prasetyo
Published: May 2024

Gemblakan Atas Kampong, Suryatmajan, is one of the kampongs in the Malioboro area that produces processed guava products marketed at culinary festivals in Yogyakarta City. Kelompok Tani Jambu conducts the production process on one of the kampong roads. The road, which initially functioned as a circulation route, has changed its function to become a production space for processed guava. The change in the function of the kampong road has the potential to cause conflicts of interest between kampong. Based on this background, this study aims to identify social interactions between residents and Kelompok Tani Jambu on the kampong road used as a production space for processed guava. Placemaking will be used as a theoretical framework to assess the resilience of the Gemblakan Atas community, Suryatmajan. The identification of the placemaking process uses a table that crosses the characteristics of placemaking with space interfaces related to social interaction in public spaces. Community resilience is measured based on the social and physical capital owned by Kelompok Tani Jambu. The results showed that the residents of Gemblakan Atas kampong and Kelompok Tani were actively involved in forming a public production space on the kampong street. The production space formed by Kelompok Tani Jambu got a good response from the community. This is the physical and social capital of the resilience of Kelompok Tani Jambu, Gemblakan Atas Kampong.
Agglomerative Nesting Cluster Analyst in Mapping District/City Health Facilities in West Java Province
Authors: Alwani Nadira Nisa , Megawati Megawati , Fitrianto Anwar , Erfiani Erfiani , Pradana Alfa Nugraha
Published: May 2024

The use of Hierarchical Clustering is used to group districts or cities in West Java according to the number of health facilities, distance to health facilities and population density using Agglomerative Nesting (AGNES). Clustering in this study utilizes complete linkage clustering. The elbow method produces two optimal clusters which are then validated with the sillhoute coefficient and Calinski-Harabasz. In this study, there are 27 variables in the form of health facilities spread across 27 regencies/cities in West Java in 2021. The results of the cluster analysis formed in this study are 18 districts/cities in cluster  one and 9 districts/cities in cluster two
Performance Evaluation of Classification Methods on Big Data: Decision Trees, Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, and Support Vector Machines
Authors: Simarmata Justin Eduardo , Weber Gerhard-Wilhelm , Chrisinta Debora
Published: May 2024

Performance evaluation of classification methods on big data is becoming increasingly important in addressing the challenges of data analysis at scale. This study aims to conduct a comparative evaluation of the classification method, namely Decision Trees (DT), Naive Bayes (NB), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Support Vector Machines (SVM), in analysis on big data evaluated from data simulation and application of real data available in the Rstudio package, namely ISLR. The simulation data used consisted of 2 types of datasets generated based on predictor variables that were normally distributed with different averages and variants and response variables generated in classes adjusted to the characteristics of predictor variables with different proportions. Real data are taken from two types of numeric variables and predictor variables available in the package. The number of sample sizes to be evaluated in each method is n = 500, n = 1000 and n = 5000. In real data, sample division is done randomly to maintain data representativeness. At the evaluation stage, the performance of the method is measured using accuracy metrics. The results of the evaluation of the simulation of Dataset 1 show that the methods that have an influence on the quality of the classification produced if applied to Big Data are the DT and KNN methods. However, in Dataset 2 there is a change in the results of the DT method, because of the influence on the number of classes and the proportion of class distribution in the data. The results obtained from data simulation, proven by applying to real data by showing that similar methods provide a quality influence if applied to Big Data, while the NB and SVM methods do not show a consistent influence when applied to Big Data. The results of observations in this study show that the DT and KNN methods have several advantages that make them suitable for application to Big Data.
Implementation of Robust Optimization Model to Controlling the Inventory Costs of Consumable Medical Equipment at Malahayati Islamic Hospital
Authors: Syahputri Linna , Cipta Hendra
Published: May 2024

Inventory management is critical to hospitals capacity to meet patient requests. Because of the fluctuating patient volume, hospitals frequently have trouble managing their inventory of consumable medical equipment. An optimization model must therefore be used to control inventories. One hospital that calculates inventory costs using traditional methods is Malahayati Islamic Hospital. This leads to high inventory expenses and storage costs when acquiring medical supplies like three-count syringes. anything meant to lower the cost of inventories. An optimization model that can use linear programming techniques to discover the optimal solution even in situations when the data is unclear is referred to as strong optimization. By applying a strong optimization model, it shows that the results of calculating the inventory costs of consumable medical equipment at the Malahayati Islamic Hospital can save costs of 24.71% of the total inventory costs of the Malahayati Islamic Hospital.
Pengaruh Sosial Ekonomi Orang Tua Dan Rasa Percaya Diri Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Surakarta
Authors: Dewi Hapsari
Published: May 2024

Hasil belajar penting bagi siswa untuk mempersiapkan karirnya dimasa depan, hasil belajar sendiri dipengaruhi oleh sosial ekonomi orang tua dan rasa percaya diri siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali pengaruh antara sosial ekonomi orang tua, rasa percaya diri siswa, dan prestasi akademik siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 3 Surakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kuantitatif. Data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui angket, skala psikologi, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki tingkat sosial ekonomi orang tua yang seimbang antara rendah dan tinggi. Rasa percaya diri siswa cenderung sedang, dan hasil belajar mereka juga berada pada kategori sedang. Meskipun sosial ekonomi orang tua tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar, rasa percaya diri siswa berperan penting dalam mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan yang signifikan antara sosial ekonomi orang tua dan rasa percaya diri siswa terhadap hasil belajar siswa secara simultan. Implikasinya adalah pentingnya peran orang tua dan sekolah dalam mendukung peningkatan sosial ekonomi keluarga serta membangun rasa percaya diri siswa. Dengan dukungan yang tepat, diharapkan siswa dapat lebih optimal dalam mengembangkan potensi akademik mereka dan meraih prestasi yang lebih baik di jenjang SMP.
Fastabiq al-khairat: Wujud Etika Profesi Berkeadilan
Authors: Aripratiwi Ratna Anggraini
Published: May 2024

This study aims to cultivate the spirit of Fastabiq al-khairat, a competition in goodness, as the foundation for professional ethics in public accounting. The Public Accountant Professional Code of Ethics (KEPAP in Indonesia), issued by IAPI, serves as the basis for the implementation of accounting work. The principles outlined in the code of ethics still tend to be world-centric, highlighting the importance of incorporating Divine values into professional practices. To explore this, the study employs Islamic ethnographic methods, conducting interviews with participants and analyzing their values through the lens of Fastabiq al-khairat. The study proposes instilling the spirit of Fastabiq al-khairat into the fundamental principles of professional ethics, with intention as the cornerstone. The implication of this research is to offer an alternative perspective distinct from the Western benchmark used to gauge ethical behavior success. By integrating the values of Fastabiq al-khairat into the core principles of accounting professional ethics, a just and fair ethical framework can be established for fulfilling mandates and responsibilities. The anticipated outcome of this research is to introduce the concept of Islamic values, specifically Fastabiq al-khairat, as a guiding force in the development of professional ethics within the field of public accounting. 
Ketepatan Waktu Penyampaian Laporan Keuangan Ditinjau dari Opini Auditor dan Struktur Kepemilikan
Authors: Khotrunida Alisa , Suhadi Suhadi , Hardiningsih Pancawati , Natalina Sri Anugrah
Published: May 2024

The aim of this research is to examine the influence of auditor opinion, managerial ownership, and Institutional Ownership on the timeliness of submitting financial reports. This research uses a quantitative approach supported by secondary data. The population of this research is all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) for the 2019-2021 period. A sample of 57 manufacturing companies registered with ISSI were selected using a purposive sampling method. Based on panel data regression analysis, the results of this study show that the auditor's opinion has a significant effect on the timeliness of submitting financial reports. Managerial ownership and institutional ownership have no effect on the timeliness of submitting financial reports.
Enhancing SS 400 Metal Weld Quality through Current Optimization
Authors: Sudrajat Risvanda Amin , Akbar Ali
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the impact of varying welding electric current strengths (70 A, 100 A, and 130 A) on SS 400 metal welding using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) with an E6013 electrode. The aim is to identify the optimal current strength for minimizing defects and enhancing weld quality. Liquid penetrant testing is employed to detect welding defects, with results showing that excessively low or high current strengths result in increased defects, such as holes and red spots. The findings highlight the importance of utilizing an electric current around 100 A to achieve optimal weld quality, while liquid penetrant testing proves effective for defect detection and quality assessment, aiding in early prevention of corrosion and other issues in welding processes.
Highlight:

Optimizing Welding Parameters: Essential for minimizing defects and enhancing SS 400 metal weld quality.
Effective Defect Detection: Liquid penetrant testing aids in identifying welding flaws efficiently.
Enhanced Weld Quality: Utilizing optimal electric current strength improves weld integrity effectively.

Keywoard: Welding, SS 400 metal, Shielded Metal Arc Welding, Electric current, Liquid penetrant testing
Beneficial use of dredged material in the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway : approaching the regulatory process
Authors: Gregory Alexander , Lopes Jared , Powell Krystyna , Altman Safra
Published: May 2024

Following the Chief of Engineer’s January 2023 goal to expand the beneficial use of dredged material (BUDM), the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) strives to apply new and creative ways to increase utilization of dredged materials from a historic 30%–40% to 70% by 2030. As USACE Savannah District (SAS) increases BUDM efforts, a critical component of this transition is understanding and navigating the regulatory requirements. This Technical Note outlines the regulatory process for placement of dredged material in Georgia, identifies challenges and institutional barriers, and offers potential solutions to streamlining the overall process. By increasing the ease of navigating the regulatory process, USACE can facilitate an increase in BUDM and Engineering With Nature® (EWN®) projects in Georgia, and potentially other projects employing nature-based solutions (NBS). While regulatory details may vary from state to state, the Georgia example presented here can serves as a road map for the general types of regulatory procedures and potential hurdles found nationwide.
Intake of trans fats and other fatty acids in Mexican adults: results from the 2012 and 2016 National Health and Nutrition Surveys
Authors: Landa-Gómez Noemí , Barragán-Vázquez Sofia , Salazar-Piña Azucena , Olvera-Mayorga Gabriela , Méndez Gómez-Humarán Ignacio , Carriquiry Alicia , Da Silva Gomes Fabio , Ramírez-Silva Claudia Ivonne
Published: May 2024

Objective. To estimate usual intake and the prevalence of excessive intake (PE) and insufficient intake (PI) of trans fatty acids (FAs) and other dietary FAs in the Mexican adult population in 2012 and 2016, and to compare these time points. Materials and methods. Data were collected through dietary recall using the five-step multiple-pass method of the 2012 and 2016 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys. Prevalences were estimated using the Iowa State University method. Linear and logistic regressions were used for analytic comparisons. Results. Both in 2012 and 2016, we observed high PE in trans FA, saturated FA, and total fat. High PI was found for polyunsaturated FA, omega 6, omega 3, Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) + Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA). In 2016, PE was lower in trans FAs (29.1 vs. 38.4%), total fat (14.9 vs. 17.8%), saturated FAs (45.6 vs. 54.6%). PI was also lower in omega 3 FA (90.7 vs. 92.8%), omega 6 FA (39.8 vs. 62.2%), and EPA + DHA FA (96.3 vs. 99.6%; p<0.05) (p<0.05) vs 2012. Conclusion. Mexican adults showed notably high PE in trans FA, saturated FA, and total fat, as well as high PI in polynsaturated FA, omega 6, omega 3, and EPA. Given the associated health risks, it is critical to implement nutrition policies that regulate trans and saturated FAs in Mexico and faciliate improved dietary quality towards more polyunsaturated and omega 3 FAs, and less trans and saturated FAs.
Association between sociodemographic factors and metabolic syndrome in Mexican older adults
Authors: González-Rocha Alejandra , Ortiz-Rodríguez María Araceli , Salazar-Torres Brenda Liliana , Muñoz-Aguirre Paloma , Armenta-Girado Brianda Ioanna , Campos-Nonato Ismael , Barquera Simón , Denova-Gutiérrez Edgar
Published: May 2024

Objective. To estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its association with sociodemographic factors in Mexican older adults (OA). Materials and methods. This study analyzes data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016. We incorporated data from 804 participants aged 60 years or older. Information on sex, age, body mass index, scholar level, ethnicity, smoking status, geographic region, socioeconomic status, and alcohol consumption was analyzed. For MetS, the International Diabetes Federation harmonized definition was used. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) between sociodemographic factors and MetS. Results. The prevalence of MetS was 77.4% (95%CI 72.2,81.9), 71.2% for men, (95%CI 63.2,78.9) and 83.7% for women (95%CI 77.9,88.2). The OA presented higher odds of MetS when they lived with overweight, obesity, and those who had more years of education. Conclusion. The prevalence of MetS among Mexican OA is substantial. Moreover, individuals living with obesity exhibit a heightened odd of experiencing elevated Fasting Plasma Glucose and high blood pressure. This study provides a comprehensive perspective underscoring the imperative for policies aimed at mitigating obesity and addressing other chronic conditions within this population.
Postura de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutrición sobre la participación de actores comerciales y conflictos de intereses
Authors: Barquera Simón , Domínguez-Barreto Ana Paula , Valero-Morales Isabel , Arellano-Rodríguez Mariana , Cediel Gustavo , Ríos-Castillo Israel , Turnes Catherine , Graciano Andrea , García-Chávez Claudia Gabriela , Navarro-Rosenblatt Deborah , Pérez-Escamilla Rafael , Ramírez-Zea Manuel , Mialon Mélissa , Barnoya Joaquín , Bortoletto-Martins Ana Paula , Abril-Ulloa Victoria , Ochoa-Avilés Angélica , Rivera-Dommarco Juan , Freire Wilma B
Published: May 2024

El objetivo de esta actualización de postura es describir los principales escenarios en los que se presentan los conflictos de intereses (CDI), así como los lineamientos para orientar la conducta de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutrición (SLAN) y sus miembros, en el marco de las relaciones con actores comerciales. El contenido del presente documento fue definido, revisado y aprobado por el actual Comité de Conflictos de Intereses (Comité CDI), comisionado por la SLAN y conformado por miembros de la academia que comparten la convicción sobre la necesidad de evitar CDI en las acciones dirigidas a la nutrición y la salud. El poder e interferencia de los actores comerciales sobre el sistema alimentario y las políticas en salud ha aumentado a través del tiempo, debilitando y obstruyendo la aplicación de las acciones que promueven entornos alimentarios saludables. Una de las estrategias mediante las cuales operan las corporaciones dedicadas al desarrollo, comercialización, mercadotecnia y publicidad de productos comestibles y bebibles que dañan la salud es el establecimiento de relaciones con sociedades y organizaciones de nutrición para lograr sus objetivos de menoscabar dichas acciones, lo que puede dar lugar a CDI. A través de este documento, la SLAN propone una serie de medidas que permitan prevenir, transparentar y gestionar los conflictos de interés, así como evitar la interferencia de los actores comerciales en la investigación, educación y políticas de la nutrición.
Evolution of Zika prevalence in a dengue hyperendemic municipality in Southern Mexico after the outbreak of 2015 to 2017
Authors: Gaspar-Castillo Carlos , Cortes-Escamilla Anais , Aparicio-Antonio Rodrigo , Carnalla Martha , López Susana , Sánchez-Tacuba Liliana , Oceguera-Cabrera Alfonso , Burrone Óscar , González-Bonilla César , Ortiz Navarrete Vianney , Martínez-Barnetche Jesus , Rodríguez Mario Henry , Alpuche-Aranda Celia M
Published: May 2024

Objective. Estimate the Zika prevalence in a dengueendemic municipality in Mexico, after the outbreak of 2015 to 2017. Materials and methods. Three serosurveys were conducted in Tapachula, Chiapas, in September 2018, March 2019 and November 2019. A commercial ZIKV and DENV anti-NS1 IgG ELISA were used to estimate each prevalence, their performance and adjustment of the cut-off value were compared with an in-house DENVs and ZIKV anti-EDIII IgG ELISA and the microneutralization test. Results. The anti-NS1 ZIKV titers decreased over time, causing that Zika prevalence decreased from 78.02 to 45.22%, while anti-NS1 DENV titers increased, and the prevalence remained above 95% over a two-year period. Conclusion. Optimal Zikaprevalence estimates can be obtained in a two-years period after outbreaks in dengue-endemic areas. The extension of the Zika outbreak is significantly higher than previously reported in Tapachula, highlighting the underreport of cases based on the routine flavivirus surveillance system in Mexico.
Prediabetes, undiagnosed T2D, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in Guanajuato, Mexico
Authors: Guardado-Mendoza Rodolfo , Vargas-Ortiz Katya , Reyes-Escogido María de Lourdes , Rodríguez-Cortés Rafael , Evia-Viscarra Lola
Published: May 2024

Objective. To evaluate the prevalence of prediabetes (PD), undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and insulin resistance (IR) as well as related risk factors in Mexican population from Guanajuato, Mexico. Materials and methods. We performed a cross-sectional study in the Mexican population from León, Guanajuato, Mexico. A clinical and metabolic evaluation was performed with an oral glucose test (OGTT); PD, undiagnosed T2D, MetS, and IR were identified according to international guidelines. Results. Of the 1 470 participants included, 32.9% had PD, 8.4% undiagnosed T2D, 48.1% MetS, and 55.7% IR. Main risk factors associated with T2D and PD were central obesity, overweight, acanthosis nigricans, family history of T2D and age. Conclusions. The prevalence of glucose abnormalities, MetS, and IR are high in the Mexican population, and this is related to the high frequency of multiple risk factors in our population.
In memoriam. José Antonio Ruiz Moreno (1934-2023)
Authors: Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo C , Uscanga-Sánchez Santos Regino , Muñoz Nubia
Published: May 2024

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Measurement of Health-Related Quality of Life in Adult Patients with Rare disease: Based on the Chinese Value Set EQ-5D-5L
Authors: Zhong xiaoqing , Li Zhiying , Gao Lijie , Zhong Weiheng , Jiang Shiyuan , Xia Jie , Ren Hang , Xia Sujian
Published: May 2024

Background
Rare disease is a general term for a class of diseases with low incidence rate/prevalence. About 10% of the world's people are affected by rare disease, and China has about 20 million patients with rare disease. Patients with Rare disease usually face difficulties in diagnosis, no effective treatment, heavy medical burden and low quality of life. These difficulties may be more prominent in Chinese Mainland, where rare disease policy started late. This paper used EQ-5D-5L to investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with rare disease in Foshan City, Guangdong Province, the pilot area for the development of policies on rare disease in China, and explored its predictive factors.
Methods
From March 2022 to June 2022, rare disease organized The Illness Challenge Foundation to recruit patients with rare disease in Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China. After obtaining informed consent, a survey questionnaire was sent online to the patients, which included the patient's socio-economic situation, medical characteristics of the disease, and the Chinese version of the EQ-5D-5L scale. Using Tobit regression to explore factors related to patients' HRQoL.
Results
A total of 104 patients were included in the study, covering 20 independent rare disease. The average utility score reported by patients was 0.62 ± 0.33 (range, -0.391 to 1). Most respondents experienced anxiety/depression (80.8%), followed by pain/discomfort (78.2%), daily activities (72.1%), activity ability (68.3%), and self-care (35.6%). Seven patients (6.7%) reported negative utility scores, indicating a worse health condition than death. Tobit regression analysis shows that higher direct medical expenses, direct non-medical expenses, greater need for care, access to social organization assistance, and experience of discrimination are negatively correlated with EQ-5D-5L scores.
Conclusions
The HRQoL of patients with rare disease is poor. Anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort are the most frequently reported problems. Economic and social support resources are predictive factors for patients' HRQoL, and should be given priority consideration in policy formulation.
Image-Based Mesh Generation for Constructing a Virtual Representation of Engineered Wood Product Samples
Authors: Grant Patrick , Psaltis Steven , Shirmohammadi Maryam , Turner Ian
Published: May 2024

The complex structure of timber has traditionally been difficult to model as it is a highly heterogeneous material. The density and material properties for structural species such as Pinus radiata (radiata pine) can vary greatly across the growth rings. Numerical simulation methods are becoming more prevalent as a method of predicting moisture migration, stress and strain distributions, and fungal/rot intrusion in engineered wood products (EWPs). All these applications require a computational mesh that captures the growth ring structure to facilitate an accurate assessment of the performance of EWPs. In this work, a low-cost image-based algorithm is developed for generating a virtual representation of a small cross laminated timber panel sample. Specifically, the proposed method results in a virtual description of an EWP sample comprised of a triangular prismatic mesh where the nodes are aligned on the growth rings of each EWP component, with specific wood material properties allocated to each mesh element. Each small sample is treated individually and we assume there is no longitudinal variation in the density, pith location, and pith angle within the mesh structure. The initial step involves analysing an image of the end grain pattern of a single clear wood sample to identify the growth rings using a spectral clustering algorithm. Next, the centre of the tree (pith) is located through an iterative constrained least-squares algorithm to determine the pith angle. Image analysis of an anatomical image combined with the pith location allows for a constant density value to be assigned to each mesh element. The capability of this framework is then demonstrated by simulating the moisture migration and heat transfer throughout a CLT sample under atmospheric and saturating boundary conditions.
Physicochemical analysis of liquid ovoproducts treated with Neutral Electrolyzed Water. Use of electrolyzed water in liquid ovoproducts.
Authors: Reyes-Ramos Susana , Ramírez-Orejel Juan , Guzmán-Olea Eduardo , Cano-Buendia Jose
Published: May 2024

Egg is a highly consumed food worldwide because it is nutrimental characteristics; sometimes, it is used as liquid egg products (whole egg, egg whites and yolks). Although heat treatment is sufficient to eradicate possible pathogens in food, Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a microorganism that could survive up to 70°C, so it is considered possible that this bacterium resists a pasteurization process.
The present work aimed to use neutral electrolyzed water (NEW) as an antimicrobial agent in liquid egg products contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7. The percentage of bacterial reduction using NEW 2.5 ppm were 24.75%, 48.17% 65.08%. for whole egg, egg white and in yolks using NEW 5 ppm the percentages of reduction obtained were 39.65% in whole egg, 53.70% for white and 89.15% in yolks.
Physicochemical and functional study of egg products was carried where data showed that NEW did not affect parameters such as pH, acidity, color, emulsion, and foaming capacities; however, in the case of whole egg and yolks, the oxidation of lipids increased.
Speed of ethics and governance approvals in Australia before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: crosby sam patrick , Huang Liping , Jan Stephen , Holden Richard , Aksoy Yagiz , Neal Bruce
Published: May 2024

Background
Multiple Australian jurisdictions reported the introduction of measures to speed the processing of research projects addressing the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. The goal of this study was to compare the times taken for ethics committee and governance approvals of projects before and after the pandemic onset.
Methods
Data were sought from all 8 Australian states and territories for ethics and governance approvals made between 1/1/2019 and 31/12/2021 and 99% of ethics approvals and 98% of governance approvals fell within this period. Median (range) times from submission to approval were compared for pre-pandemic submissions made before 1/1/2020 and for post-pandemic submissions made after that date. For the post-pandemic period comparisons were also made between projects addressing COVID-19 and those addressing other topics. Differences in median times were tested using non-parametric tests.
Results
Data were obtained for 4876 ethics approvals from 8 states and for 4604 governance approvals from 5 states. 36% (1751) of ethics approvals and 29% (1313) of governance approvals were pre-pandemic and of the post-pandemic approvals, 6% (174) of ethics approvals and 5% (176) of governance approvals were for COVID-19 projects. The overall median time to ethics approval was 46 days (range 0-1799) pre-pandemic and 42 days (0-829) post-pandemic (p<0.001). The corresponding times for governance were 42 days (0-690) pre-pandemic and 28 days (0-716) post-pandemic (p<0.001). In the post-pandemic period, the median time for ethics approval was 22 days (0 – 804) for COVID-19 projects compared to 44 days (0 – 829) for other projects (<0.001) and the median times for governance approvals of COVID-19 projects was 19 days (0 – 333) compared to 30 days (0 – 716) for other types of projects (p<0.001).
Interpretation
Ethics and governance approval times were substantially reduced by interventions that targeted COVID-19 projects. For governance approval times, but not for ethics approval times, the interventions appear to have also benefitted non- COVID-19 projects.
Determinants of Vaccination Coverage Among Refugee Children Aged 12-59 Months in Kyangwali Refugee Settlement in Uganda
Authors: Wesley Steven , Rabbanie Tariq
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Forced displacement is a global issue that leads to challenges like limited healthcare and low vaccination rates, particularly for children. Despite the significant impact on health outcomes, research on vaccination coverage among refugee children in Uganda is lacking. This study aimed to bridge this gap by determining factors associated with full vaccination among refugee children aged 12 to 59 months.
Method: The study was conducted in Kyangwali refugee settlement. This unmatched case-control design included 140 fully vaccinated cases and 280 controls. Data was collected from 14 randomly selected villages. Analysis was performed, and summary tables with counts and percentages were used for univariate analysis. Bivariate analysis was conducted to attain odds ratios. Factors associated with full vaccination were determined in multivariable analysis using logistic regression. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant, and collinearity was assessed using 0.4 cutoff.
Results: Out of 420 participants, 58.6% were below 30 years old, 85.6% were from DR Congo, and 26.7% were not educated. Among index children, 84.8% were females, 45.5% aged 36-59 months, and 33.3% were fully vaccinated, with 39.1% being males. Factors associated with full vaccination included DR Congo origin (AOR: 2.15, CI: 1.08-4.28), high parental knowledge (AOR: 2.96, CI: 1.5-5.79), and receiving vaccine information from community health workers (AOR: 2.48, CI: 1.58-3.88). Proximity to health facilities also mattered, with those within 5 km having nearly 2 times higher odds of full vaccination (AOR: 1.94, CI: 1.2-3.09) than those beyond 5 km.
Conclusion:This study highlights a substantial gap in childhood vaccination within Kyangwali refugee settlements, with only 33.3% of children below 5 fully vaccinated. Significant associations with full vaccination included Congolese origin, high parental knowledge, and receiving vaccine information from community health workers. Proximity to health facilities also played a crucial role, with those within 5 km exhibiting nearly 2 times higher odds of full vaccination.
Automated Disease Classification of Veterinary Clinical Narratives for Antimicrobial Stewardship Guideline Monitoring
Authors: Farrell Sean , Singelton David , Radford Alan , Pinchbeck Gina , Noble Peter-John , Moubayed Noura Al
Published: May 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global challenge for public health with increasing impacts for animal welfare. Companion animals are increasingly being recognised as critical agents in the proliferation and transmission of AMR bacteria. Existing approaches to monitoring antimicrobial utilisation, such as annual aggregate sales data, provide very limited insights into the specific disease contexts and prescribing practices driving antimicrobial use. In this study, we employ a hierarchical large language model to analyse 195,012 highest priority critically important antimicrobials (HPCIA) prescriptions in companion animals and over 1.2 million antimicrobial non-HPCIA prescriptions, revealing the nuances of disease patterns and prescribing motivations that have previously remained obscure. Our model achieves an accuracy exceeding 88\% in identifying 39 distinct diseases associated with antimicrobial prescriptions. We demonstrate that the tool provides a robust foundation for assessing the influence of antimicrobial stewardship guidelines (ASGs) on prescribing practices. Our novel methodology advances our understanding of AMR dynamics within veterinary care by bridging the gap between what is actual practiced and guideline-aligned prescribing. We outline an actionable path towards preserving the efficacy of essential antimicrobial agents, safeguarding the health of future generations of humans and animals.
Comparative Pan- and Phylo-Genomic Analysis of Ideonella and Thermobifida Strains: Dissemination of Biodegradation Potential and Genomic Divergence
Authors: Jayapalan Saranya , Michealsamy Arockiyajainmary
Published: May 2024

Ideonella and Thermobifida were the most promising bacterial candidates for degrading plastic polymers. A comparative pan- and phylogenomic analysis of 33 Ideonella and Thermobifida strains was done to determine their plastic degradation potential, niche adaptation and speciation. The BPGA results revealed that the greater number of accessory genes in the strains indicated phenotypic plasticity. Phylogenetic diversity among the strains was inferred using core and pan genomes. The functional roles of the core and adaptive-associated genomes were scrutinized by pathway enrichment analyses. KEGG annotation revealed that the majority of the genes were associated with the metabolism of amino acids and carbohydrates. The detailed COG analysis revealed that approximately 40% of the pan genes performed metabolic functions. The unique gene pool consisted of genes chiefly involved in "general function prediction" and "amino acid transport and metabolism". The results of the present study revealed that these strains could assist in agronomic applications in the future since they devour N- compounds. The rational selection of strains of Ideonella is far more effective at depolymerizing plastics than that of Thermobifida. A greater number of unique genes, 1701 and 692, were identified for Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6 and Thermobifida alba DSM-43795, respectively. Furthermore, we examined the singletons involved in xenobiotic catabolism. The unique singleton data were used to construct a supertree. To characterize the conserved patterns, we used SMART and MEME to identify domain and transmembrane regions in the unique protein sequences. Therefore, our study unravelled the genomic insights into the ecology-driven speciation of Ideonella and Thermobifida.