bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las guerras del hummus: comida local, récord Guinness y gastropolítica palestino-israelí
Authors: Avieli Nir
Published: June 2017

Por mucho tiempo, judíos y palestinos han estado involucrados en violentos conflictos por territorio, recursos e identidad nacional; sin embargo, comparten una pasión culinaria: el hummus. Este puré de garbanzos machacados, sazonado con tahini y jugo de limón, se encuentra en todos lados dentro de las esferas culinarias públicas y privadas, y es muy popular entre árabes y judíos por igual. En 2008, el hummus se volvió el centro de un acalorado debate entre Israel y Líbano debido a derechos culturales de autor y cuestiones de herencia nacional, así como por las consideraciones económicas implícitas. En este artículo discuto las llamadas “guerras del hummus”, una serie de proyectos culinarios realizados en Líbano e Israel en un intento por consolidar al hummus como un elemento de la herencia culinaria de cada nación a través de la imposición de un récord mundial Guinness por el platillo de hummus más grande. La etnografía de una de estas actividades, llevada a cabo en el pueblo palestino-israelí de Abu Gosh, subraya el inesperado papel de mediadores desarrollado por palestinos con ciudadanía israelí. Los antropólogos están prestando más atención a la “comida local” y a los procesos culturales que definen la comida como local, y muestran una y otra vez cómo la idea de “nuestra comida” es construida por medio del constante proceso de negociación y adaptación. Sin embargo, las guerras del hummus son diferentes, pues el debate no es sobre la correcta preparación, las recetas auténticas, su implantación en la ecología local o el terroir, ni sobre la calidad; más bien, trata de cuestiones directas de propiedad y poder. La singularidad de las guerras del hummus se exacerba por el hecho de que este platillo, antiguo y mundano, es reivindicado por Estados-nación modernos, relativamente nuevos, envueltos en un conflicto militar activo. Mientras que la mayoría de los trabajos académicos resaltan la distinción, el orgullo nacional y la pureza cultural, las guerras del hummus tratan de la apropiación de la comida del otro o, más precisamente, de apropiarse de la comida del enemigo. Más importante aún, estas actividades son intrigantes debido al inesperado rol interpretado por palestinos con ciudadanía israelí, quienes tuvieron el papel principal en ellas. Mientras que los científicos sociales tienden a mirar la esfera culinaria como un reflejo de la vida social, y los platillos nacionales como representaciones simbólicas de la nación, el análisis de estas actividades revela cómo son negociadas y mediadas las identidades nacionales dentro de la esfera culinaria y cómo los grupos minoritarios participan en estos procesos de gastroidentidad.
El amante Lu Hanming/El sombrero de Irina
Authors: Zhaoyan Ye , Ning Tie , Arsovska Liljana
Published: June 2017

Traducción del chino
TAPU
Authors: Zhenyun Liu , Arsovska Liljana
Published: June 2017

Traducción del chino de Liljana Arsovska
CORRESPONDENCIA ENTRE LIN SHU Y CAI YUANPEI RELATIVA AL MOVIMIENTO DE LA NUEVA CULTURA (MARZO-ABRIL, 1919)
Authors: Lin Shu , Cai Yuanpei , Guarde Paz César
Published: June 2017

Traducción del chino de César Guarde Paz
Utilización del modelo de diagnóstico canvas en el análisis de un caso de la industria farmacéutica en México. Diagnostic use of keds model in the analysis of a case of the pharmaceutical industry in Mexico
Authors: Sanchez-Guerrero Marisol , Arellano González Alejandro
Published: June 2017

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar y describir el modelo de negocio de la empresa farmacéutica Farmacia Similares y su forma de crear y capturar valor. Se trata de una investigación de tipo documental, basado en un estudio de caso único realizado a través del análisis de revisión literaria. El estudio permitió examinar el diseño del modelo de negocio actual de la empresa, en función de su proceso de servicios de valor, además de inferir sobre su participación en el sector farmacéutico y describir las nueve dimensiones de acuerdo con el Modelo de Negocio Canvas de Alexander Osterwalder. Además se hace una contribución teórica al modelo de negocios CANVAS con referencia a las contribuciones de los autores Penrose y Chandler con la finalidad de aportar dinamismo a la herramienta para favorecer el proceso de crecimiento de la organización.
Acreditación a través del modelo de alta fiabilidad: estructura, proceso, resultado (parte 2)
Authors: Palmieri Albert , Ramirez Noeding Miguel
Published: June 2017

El Instituto de Medicina de los Estados Unidos, IOM (2000, p. 16), incluye tres aspectos en la definición de la calidad: "La seguridad contra lesiones accidentales, la prestación del servicio de forma consistente con el conocimiento médico actual y las mejores prácticas, y la capacidad de cumplir con los valores y expectativas de los consumidores”. La combinación de la teoría de la calidad y la teoría de la gestión conduce a la estructura asociada con la eficacia organizacional (Cole & Scott, 2000; Dean & Bowen, 1994; Leape, 1994; Schimmel, 1964).
A case-control study developing a model for predicting risk factors for high SeM-specific antibody titers after natural outbreaks of Streptococcus equi subsp equi infection in horses
Authors: Boyle Ashley G. , Smith Meagan A. , Boston Raymond C. , Stefanovski Darko
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE To develop a risk prediction model for factors associated with an SeM-specific antibody titer ≥ 3,200 in horses after naturally occurring outbreaks of Streptococcus equi subsp equi infection and to validate this model.

DESIGN Case-control study.

ANIMALS 245 horses: 57 horses involved in strangles outbreaks (case horses) and 188 healthy horses (control horses).

PROCEDURES Serum samples were obtained from the 57 cases over a 27.5-month period after the start of outbreaks; serum samples were obtained once from the 188 controls. A Bayesian mixed-effects logistic regression model was used to assess potential risk factors associated with an antibody titer ≥ 3,200 in the case horses. A cutoff probability for an SeM-specific titer ≥ 3,200 was determined, and the model was externally validated in the control horses. Only variables with a 95% credibility interval that did not overlap with a value of 1 were considered significant.

RESULTS 9 of 57 (6%) case horses had at least 1 titer ≥ 3,200, and 7 of 188 (3.7%) of control horses had a titer ≥ 3,200. The following variables were found to be significantly associated with a titer ≥ 3,200 in cases: farm size > 20 horses (OR, 0.11), history of clinically evident disease (OR, 7.92), and male sex (OR, 0.11). The model had 100% sensitivity but only 24% specificity when applied to the 188 control horses (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.62.)

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although the Bayesian mixed-effects logistic regression model developed in this study did not perform well, it may prove useful as an initial screening tool prior to vaccination. We suggest that SeM-specific antibody titer be measured prior to vaccination when our model predicts a titer ≥ 3,200.
Pengendalian Persediaan Pozzolan di PT Semen Padang
Authors: Fithri Prima , Sindikia Annise
Published: June 2017

Inventory of raw materials is the most important thing to produce the product. Inventory control of the raw materials quantityalso refers to the production process at the factory. PT Semen Padang used raw materials including cement manufacture clay, limestone, silica, gypsum, pozzolan and sand iron or copper slag. Among the raw materials, the most used is pozzolan. This research will be carried out data processing for inventory control using the EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) and POQ (Periodic Order Quantity) to compare with inventory control has been implemented by the company. The data collected for this study include data processing is the use of historical data pozzolan material per period in 2012 and 2013, the cost of raw materials ordering pozzolan, pozzolan storage costs of raw materials and lead time, acceptance of pozzolan from suppliers to storage. Data processing is performed to determine the inventory control of raw materials sand pozzolan in 2014. The results and conclusions obtained are forecasting the use of pozzolan in 2014 is 1.135.355,77 tons it means will be more than in previous years and the inventory control with POQ (Periodic Order Quantity) produces the minimum inventory costs with price Rp 1.775.179.959,61.Keywords: forecasting, inventory, EOQ, POQAbstrakPersediaan bahan baku merupakan elemen terpenting dalam produksi yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan untuk menghasilkan produk. Pengendalian persediaan terhadap kuantitas bahan baku yang dilakukan gudang juga merujuk ke proses produksi yang dilakukan oleh pabrik. Pabrik-pabrik di PT Semen Padang tersebut menggunakan bahan baku pembuatan semen diantaranya tanah liat (clay), batu kapur, batu silika, gypsum, pozzolan dan pasir besi atau copper slag. Diantara bahan baku tersebut, pemakaian terbanyak adalah pemakaian pozzolan. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengolahan data untuk pengendalian persediaan dengan menggunakan metode EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) dan POQ (Periodic Order Quantity) untuk membandingkan dengan pengendalian persediaan yang telah diterapkan oleh perusahaan. Data yang dikumpulkan untuk pengolahan data penelitian ini diantaranya yaitu data historis pemakaian bahan baku pozzolan per periode pada tahun 2012 dan 2013, biaya pemesanan bahan baku pozzolan, biaya penyimpanan bahan baku pozzolan dan waktu tenggang (lead time) penerimaan pozzolan dari pemasok ke gudang. Pengolahan data yang dilakukan adalah untuk menentukan pengendalian persediaan bahan baku pasir pozzolan di tahun 2014. Hasil dan kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah peramalan pemakaian pozzolan di tahun 2014 akan lebih banyak dibanding tahun-tahun sebelumnya yaitu dengan total pemakaian sebanyak 1.135.355,77 ton dan pengendalian persediaan dengan metode POQ (PeriodicOrderQuantity) menghasilkan biaya persediaan yang lebih minimum yaitu sebesar Rp 1.775.179.959,61.Kata kunci: peramalan, persediaan, EOQ, POQ
Molecular detection of Grapevine fanleaf Virus by the isolation of ssRNA and dsRNA from Xiphinema index
Authors: Delpasand Khabbazi Afsasneh , Bashir Nemat Sokhandan , Asl Ebrahim Zahedi , Delpasand Khabbazi Saber
Published: June 2017

Xiphinema index is an important grapevine pathogen nematode which also vectors Grapevine fanleaf virus. The viral genes involved in transmission by the vector nematode are mapped to the C-terminal residues of RNA2-encoded polyprotein. To recognize viruliferous nematodes, there are some serological and molecular methods. In this study, we extract RNA and dsRNA of the virus, then Reverse transcription-polymerase Chain Reaction was done with virus specific primers to detect virus in its vector. The virus was detected by visualizing the desired 350 and 750 bp gene fragments in electrophoresis. This study reduces the virus detection time to only couple of hours with least imposed charges, and could be employed in transmission experiments as well.
IMPERADORES DA INFORMAÇÃO: PODER E CENSURA NA INTERNET
Authors: Nascimento Bárbara
Published: June 2017

O objetivo da presente pesquisa é analisar até que ponto, dada a estrutura descentralizada e em rede da internet, é possível falar que ela possui agentes capazes de controlar a circulação da informação nela. Pretende-se demonstrar que a rede mundial de computadores não é livre de donos e que seus proprietários são aqueles que possuem poder de ingerência sobre o funcionamento físico do sistema ou sobre o fluxo de dados. No mundo atual, eles seriam a Apple, a Amazon, o Facebook, o Google, a Microsoft e os operadores de backbone.
CONTROLE JUDICIAL DA DISCRICIONARIEDADE ADMINISTRATIVA, COM ENFOQUE NA JURISPRUDÊNCIA DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL E DO SUPERIOR TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA
Authors: Marino Tiago Fuchs , Ferrigolo Noemi Mendes Siqueira
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo tem por escopo demonstrar a possibilidade de controle jurisdicional da discricionariedade administrativa, sob o prisma da Constituição Federal. Durante muito tempo, a doutrina e a jurisprudência sustentaram que a interveniência do Poder Judiciário sobre os atos discricionários deveria se restringir aos aspectos de legalidade, sem adentrar ao exame do mérito administrativo. Entretanto, modernamente foram criadas teorias, aplicadas em alguns casos pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal e pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça, que limitam a discricionariedade administrativa e ampliam as hipóteses de controle judicial, de maneira a evitar arbitrariedades estatais e satisfazer os interesses da coletividade.
ANÁLISIS HISTÓRICO DE LA SITUACIÓN DE LAS ENFERMERAS Y MATRONAS EN ESPAÑA. UNA PERSPECTIVA GLOBAL
Authors: González Canalejo Carmen
Published: June 2017

ResumenAl ser la enfermería y la matronería profesiones ejercidas mayoritariamente por mujeres en todos los países del mundo, nos hemos centrado en el análisis histórico de su práctica, poniendo el foco en los factores que han influido en la desigualdad de oportunidades para optar a puestos de gestión sanitaria y, en un menor reconocimiento científico de su práctica. Conocer la seña de identidad femenina y feminista de las que optaron por estas profesiones, valorar su estatus laboral y analizar las reminiscencias patriarcales que hoy día se mantienen en el ámbito de la salud, es el objeto de este estudio.Palabras clave: Enfermeras, matronas, invisibilidad, cuidados de salud, androcentrismo, sistema sanitario.English title: Historical Analysis of the Situation of Nurses and Midwives in Spain. A Global PerspectiveAbstract: Globally, nursing and midwifery are professions carried out mainly by women. This historical analysis of the praxis of nurses and midwives focuses on the factors that contribute to discrimination against them, both in terms of opportunities to attain health management jobs,and in terms of scientific recognition for their praxis. The goals of this study are, therefore, to determine the female identity traits and the feminist ideas of those who opt for these professions, to evaluate their work status, and to analyse the patriarchal traditions that stillprevail nowadays in the area of health. Key words: Nurses, midwives, health care, invisibility, androcentricity, health system
MIEDOS MASCULINOS Y MUTILACIÓN GENITAL FEMENINA
Authors: Amenabar Beitia José Martín
Published: June 2017

ResumenEl presente trabajo constituye una aproximación psicológica a la mutilación genital femenina, dándose a conocer las motivaciones, expectativas y fantasías que la sustentan y que, por cierto, ponen de relieve como elemento medular el miedo del hombre ante la sexualidad femenina. El análisis del mito de la vagina dentada es muy ilustrativo al respecto. Por otra parte, como ejemplificación de la problemática abordada, se toma en consideración el relato aportado por una mujer sobre la mutilación genital padecida siendo niña y el gran sufrimiento que ello le causó. Y, por último, se incorporan ciertas reflexiones que inspiraron este artículo.Palabras clave: Mutilación genital femenina, clitoridectomía, infibulación, miedo a la mujer, mitología, vagina dentada, sexualidad femenina.English title: Male fears and female genital mutilation Abstract: This paper takes a psychological approach to genital feminine mutilation, showing the motivations, expectations and fantasies that sustain it, and which demonstrate that men’s fear of feminine sexuality is a fundamental element underpinning the practice. Analysis of the myth of the toothed vagina is illustrative and pertinent. It must be viewed alongside a woman’s evidence concerning her genital mutilation in infancy, and her ongoing resultant suffering. In conclusion, mention will be made of some reflections that prompted this paper.Key words: Genital feminine mutilation, clitoridectomy, infibulation, fear of the woman, mythology, toothed vagina, feminine sexuality.
ÍNDICE
Authors: Revista de Estudios de las Mujeres RAUDEM
Published: June 2017

Índice de Raudem 2
Educational Attainment in the South Asian Diaspora: Representation of Gender Conflicts in Gurinder Chadha and Mira Nair’s Films
Authors: García Juan David
Published: June 2017

Abstract: This article studies the representations that Mira Nair and Gurinder Chadha, film directors from the South Asian diaspora, offer to portray and denounce the educational attainment inequality suffered by women from the diaspora in the United Kingdom and the United States. The paper analyses how Chadha and Nair’s depictions challenge the socioeconomic structures that limit these characters both in their homelands and in the welcoming countries and how they disrupt the limiting structures imposed on them for being women.Key words: Gurinder Chadha, Mira Nair, diaspora, South Asian Subcontinent. Logros educativos en la diáspora del Subcontinente Surasiático: La representación de los conflictos de género en las películas de Gurinder Chadha y Mira Nair Resumen: Este artículo estudia las representaciones que las directoras de cine de la diáspora del Subcontinente surasiático Gurinder Chadha y Mira Nair realizan para presentar y denunciar la desigualdad que sufren las mujeres de esta diáspora en Reino Unido y Estados Unidos a la hora de acceder y elegir qué estudios realizar. Analizando algunos de sus personajes se demuestra que Chadha y Nair desafían el orden socioeconómico que limita a sus personajes tanto en sus comunidades como en el país que las recibe presentando mujeres transgresoras que rompen con las estructuras limitantes impuestas sobre ellas por el hecho de ser mujer.Palabras clave: Gurinder Chadha, Mira Nair, diáspora, Subcontinente Surasiático
Introduction
Authors: Reinelt Janelle , Estrada-Fuentes Maria
Published: June 2017

This special issue explores how best to use performance to leverage justice for victims of trafficking, child soldiers, illegal immigrants, the poor, and others who lack recognition and protection within the legal and social apparati of national governments and some non-governmental organizations (NGOs). This focus has emerged from a two-year research project on “Gendered Citizenship: Manifestations and Performance” between scholars in theatre and performance in collaboration with politics colleagues at University of Warwick, UK and Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi.
Polyrhythms of Citizenship
Authors: Roy Anupama
Published: June 2017

This talk was presented as a keynote address at the Gendered Citizenship: Manifestations and Performance Conference, January 6, 2015, at the University of Warwick. In this forty-two minute audio-essay, Roy theorizes what she calls polyrhythmic citizenship, the way the intelligibility of the concept of citizenship plays out, much like music, across different contexts and cultures. She discusses “transformative constitutionalism” and “insurgent citizenship” as the component parts of this citizenship, and takes for her key examples the founding of the Indian state and its constitution, and the Delhi gang rape case of 2012 which resulted in the death of Jyoti Singh.
Review of Hegemony, Mass Media, and Cultural Studies: Properties of Meaning, Power, and Value in Cultural Production by Sean Johnson Andrews (Rowman & Littlefield)
Authors: Wood Andrew
Published: June 2017

Sean Johnson Andrews has produced an engaging text of multifaceted value. His work, particularly the opening chapters, provides a concise history of the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS), the (early) Frankfurt School Critical Theory, and the Political Economy of Communication (PEC). Although the histories and notable figureheads of these schools will be broadly familiar to most scholars working in the realm of cultural studies, these opening chapters would be an excellent introduction to the field for either a general readership or students. Indeed, this would make a good textbook in many contexts.
Production of hard hydrophilic Ni-B coatings on hydrophobic Ni-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloys by electroless deposition
Authors: Bülbül Ferhat , Karabudak Filiz , Yesildal Ruhi
Published: June 2017

This paper is mainly focused on the wetting state of liquid droplets on Ni-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V hierarchical structured hydrophobic surfaces in micro/nanoscale. Electroless Ni-B deposition as a surface coating treatment has recently drawn considerable attention of researchers owing to remarkable advantages when compared with other techniques such as low price, conformal ability to coat substrates, good bath stability and relatively easier plating process control. The Ni-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V substrates were plated by electroless Ni-B plating process. The coated films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), hardness testing and static contact angle measurement. Results obtained from the analyses show that electroless Ni-B deposition may improve the hardness and wettability of the Ni-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy surfaces.
Dynamic In Vivo Profiling of DNA Damage and Repair after Radiotherapy Using Canine Patients as a Model
Authors: Schulz Nadine , Chaachouay Hassan , Nytko Katarzyna , Weyland Mathias , Roos Malgorzata , Füchslin Rudolf , Guscetti Franco , Scheidegger Stephan , Rohrer Bley Carla
Published: June 2017

Time resolved data of DNA damage and repair after radiotherapy elucidates the relation between damage, repair, and cell survival. While well characterized in vitro, little is known about the time-course of DNA damage response in tumors sampled from individual patients. Kinetics of DNA damage after radiotherapy was assessed in eight dogs using repeated in vivo samples of tumor and co-irradiated normal tissue analyzed with comet assay and phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX) immunohistochemistry. In vivo results were then compared (in silico) with a dynamic mathematical model for DNA damage formation and repair. Maximum %DNA in tail was observed at 15–60 min after irradiation, with a rapid decrease. Time-courses of γH2AX-foci paralleled these findings with a small time delay and were not influenced by covariates. The evolutionary parameter search based on %DNA in tail revealed a good fit of the DNA repair model to in vivo data for pooled sarcoma time-courses, but fits for individual sarcoma time-courses suffer from the heterogeneous nature of the in vivo data. It was possible to follow dynamics of comet tail intensity and γH2AX-foci during a course of radiation using a minimally invasive approach. DNA repair can be quantitatively investigated as time-courses of individual patients by integrating this resulting data into a dynamic mathematical model.
UHPLC-TQ-MS Coupled with Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Characterize Nucleosides, Nucleobases and Amino Acids in Angelicae Sinensis Radix Obtained by Different Drying Methods
Authors: Zhu Shaoqing , Guo Sheng , Duan Jin-ao , Qian Dawei , Yan Hui , Sha Xiuxiu , Zhu Zhenhua
Published: June 2017

To explore the nutrients in roots of Angelica sinensis (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, ASR), a medicinal and edible plant, and evaluate its nutritional value, a rapid and reliable UHPLC-TQ-MS method was established and used to determine the potential nutritional compounds, including nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids, in 50 batches of ASR samples obtained using two drying methods. The results showed that ASR is a healthy food rich in nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids, especially arginine. The total average content of nucleosides and nucleobases in all ASR samples was 3.94 mg/g, while that of amino acids reached as high as 61.79 mg/g. Principle component analysis showed that chemical profile differences exist between the two groups of ASR samples prepared using different drying methods, and the contents of nutritional compounds in samples dried with the tempering-intermittent drying processing method (TIDM) were generally higher than those dried using the traditional solar processing method. The above results suggest that ASR should be considered an ideal healthy food and TIDM could be a suitable drying method for ASR when taking nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids as the major consideration for their known human health benefits.
Los santuarios federales latinos
Authors: Martinez-Pinna Jorge
Published: June 2017

Entre los santuarios considerados “ comunes” a los latinos, solamente aquellos consagrados a Diana tienen un carácter federal. Sin embargo, no todos los Diania

gozaron del mismo favor. El situado sobre el Aventino en Roma nunca fue admitido como propio por los latinos, mientras que el de Corne sólo tuvo una existencia efímera como santuario federal. El templo de Diana en Nemi, en unión al caput aquae Ferentinae, fue el único reconocido como centro político y religioso de la liga latina hasta la guerra del año 340 a. C.
Dialoguer avec l’Antiquité. Cadre sociolinguistique et pragmatique pour la traduction des textes antiques
Authors: Bardiaux Alice , Degand Martin
Published: June 2017

Every translation task raises a slew of complex methodological issues. For ancient languages, these questions are even more outstanding due to the time lag ; this is why we consider their discrete exploration to be crucial. This paper identifies the specificities of translation from ancient languages into modern languages, defines the particular challenges arising and suggests theoretical and methodological leads to tackle them. Considering that every translation recreates a communication situation, we analyze the specificity of the translation of ancient texts in the light of sociolinguistic and pragmatic theories. From linguistic to extralinguistic features, we review the different elements of R. Jakobson’s interpretation process with regard to the translation of classics. We explore how the characteristics of the original communication situation and those of the situation recreated for the translation can be considered to determine a translation strategy. This interdisciplinary approach lays the foundations for a theoretical and methodological thought about ancient texts translation in the French speaking academic world.
Vechten en herinneren in een (eens) verdeeld Europa. Consistentie en veranderlijkheid in getuigenissen van oud-strijders
Authors: Venken Machteld
Published: June 2017

Dit artikel duidt hoe oud-strijders van een Poolse divisie die aan de zijde van de geallieerden vochten voor de bevrijding van West-Europa en zich na de oorlog aan tegenovergestelde kanten van het IJzeren Gordijn vestigden (in België, Polen, Groot-Brittannië of Canada) over hun oorlogservaringen vertelden. De belangrijkste vaststelling is dat hun getuigenissen over het algemeen consistent zijn, wat aantoont dat interviewpartners een zekere koppigheid bezitten ten opzichte van publieke herinneringskaders en verschillen in interviewbenaderingen. Aan de hand van een vergelijkende diepteanalyse worden vervolgens de grootste verschillen blootgelegd die niettemin de getuigenissen kleuren van gewezen soldaten die zowel aan de Duitse als aan de geallieerde zijde vochten, waarna ze zich ofwel in het naoorlogse België of in de Poolse Volksrepubliek vestigden.
Kinderen van Vlaamse collaborateurs. De erfenis van het verleden digitaal ontsloten
Authors: Aerts Koen , De Wever Bruno , Sax Aline
Published: June 2017

Collaborateurs in Vlaanderen ontwikkelden na de Tweede Wereldoorlog een succesvol discours van slachtofferschap. De bestraffing van de collaboratie werd er voorgesteld als een onrechtvaardige en anti-Vlaamse wraakoefening. Pas vanaf de jaren 1980 raakt die hegemonische herinnering meer en meer in de verdrukking. Analoog aan het internationale postmemory onderzoek peilt deze studie naar de erfenis van het verleden voor kinderen van collaborateurs. Wordt beeldvorming en herinnering aan de volgende generatie doorgegeven ? Is het DNA van de herinnering traceerbaar in de talige structuren, de wijze waarop de kinderen over het verleden van hun ouders spreken ? In dit artikel worden de methodologische voor-en nadelen geëvalueerd van Nvivo, coderingssoftware die toelaat om interviews te ordenen en structureren.
Metaforen als sleutel tot intersubjectiviteit. Historisch-antropologische reflecties over de gedeelde dimensie van herinneringen
Authors: Bleyen Jan
Published: June 2017

Why metaphors are the key to inter-subjectivity : historical-anthropological reflections on the shared dimension of memory making.

The stories we tell about our pasts, no matter how unique, always have a shared dimension. Following the anthropological focus on meaning, I claim that metaphors, through which we understand one reality in terms of another one, are the key to understand the collective underpinnings of memory. If historians want to unravel the inter-subjective layers of both past and present meaning making, they should take a close look at metaphors. In this contribution narratives of loss, in particular following the death of a baby, will serve as case study. Metaphors, such as ‘ mourning equals letting go’ appear to be socially embedded : they are being enacted, experienced, translated and shared within specific (e. g. religious, medical, psychological) contexts of practices and discourses.
Financial Depletion, Faction Struggle and Competing Networks. The Background to Count Harrach’s Reforms of the Southern Netherlands’ Central Government (1733-1735)
Authors: Gelder Klaas van
Published: June 2017

Financiële crisis, factiestrijd en rivaliserende netwerken : de achtergronden van graaf Harrachs hervormingen in het Zuid-Nederlandse centrale bestuursapparaat (1733-1735)

In 1735 kondigde keizer Karel vi een belangrijke hervorming af van het centrale Zuid-Nederlandse bestuursapparaat, gepaard met een ongeziene personeelswissel in de Brusselse financiële administratie. Deze maatregelen kwamen er op aangeven van Friedrich August von Harrach, naast de landvoogdes de leidende minister in de Zuidelijke Nederlanden, die sinds zijn aankomst in Brussel in 1733 aangedrongen had op de hervormingen en op een radicaal andere personeelswerving. Talenten en ervaring moesten daarbij doorslaggevend zijn. In dit artikel wordt onderzocht welke motieven en ideeën aan de basis lagen van zijn hervormingsvoorstellen en op welke wijze hij deze kon doordrukken. Daarbij wordt onder meer aandacht geschonken aan de in Brussels heersende factiestrijd en de rol van informele netwerken om de besluitvorming te beïnvloeden. Het resultaat is een nuancering van het beeld van modernisering dat rond deze hervormingen hangt, en een herinterpretatie van de besluitvormingsprocessen met betrekking tot de Oostenrijkse Nederlanden.
Across the Channel: médiations et traductions du symbolisme littéraire belge en Grande-Bretagne (1890-1900)
Authors: Dessy Clément
Published: June 2017

Across the Channel : Mediations and Translations of Belgian Literary Symbolism in Britain (1890-1900)

Belgian Symbolism is a movement whose scope has expanded far beyond its borders. Its reception in England and the role of mediators have been almost ignored by the research. Yet, French-speaking Belgian authors were translated and published in English literary journals : The Pageant published translations of Maurice Maeterlinck’s plays, while Émile Verhaeren’s poems were translated in The Savoy. This article establishes the timing of the introduction of the Belgian Symbolist writers in Britain. It shows how the translators have played a decisive role by combining their action with a function of critique and mediator. This comparative study of the different profiles of translators demonstrates their proximity with Belgian and cosmopolitan networks. It also shows that the promotion of Belgian authors by their translators constitutes a win-win deal, that made England a chosen land for Belgian symbolism, one of its most important steps to its European success.
Isotopic Evidence for Multi-stage Cosmic-ray Exposure Histories of Lunar Meteorites: Long Residence on the Moon and Short Transition to the Earth
Authors: Hidaka Hiroshi , Sakuma Keisuke , Nishiizumi Kunihiko , Yoneda Shigekazu
Published: June 2017

It is known that most lunar meteorites have complicated cosmic-ray exposure experiences on the Moon and in space. In this study, cosmic-ray irradiation histories of six lunar meteorites, Dhofar 489, Northwest Africa 032 (NWA 032), NWA 479, NWA 482, NWA 2995, and NWA 5000, were characterized from neutron-captured isotopic shifts of Sm and Gd, and from the abundances of long-lived cosmogenic radionuclides like 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl, and 41Ca. Sm and Gd isotopic data of all of six meteorites show significant isotopic shifts of 149Sm–150Sm and 157Gd–158Gd caused by accumulation of neutron capture reactions due to cosmic-ray irradiation, corresponding to the neutron fluences of (1.3–9.6) × 1016 n cm−2. In particular, very large Sm and Gd isotopic shifts of NWA 482 are over those of a lunar regolith 70002, having the largest isotopic shifts among the Apollo regolith samples, corresponding to cosmic-ray exposure duration over 800 million years in the lunar surface (2π irradiation). Meanwhile, the concentrations of cosmogenic radionuclides for individual six meteorites show the short irradiation time less than one million years as their bodies in space (4π irradiation). Our data also support the results of previous studies, revealing that most of lunar meteorites have long exposure ages at shallow depths on the Moon and short transit times from the Moon to the Earth.
Community health workers in Gazankulu
Authors: Mentz J.C.N.
Published: June 2017

The aim of this paper is to give a brief description of the utilization of community health workers (CHWs) in Gazankulu. The general policy framework in which these health workers function is described briefly, and the way in which these workers function evaluated. This paper is intended as a modest contribution to evaluation research in the field of community health.
Myeloma — the integral role played by the professional nurse
Authors: Wood Lucille
Published: June 2017

Myeloma is a malignancy o f plasma cells which are terminally differentiated B-lymphocytes. The diagnosis may he made incidentally at routine blood testing, when an abnormality is found in the plasma proteins on electrophoresis. More usually the patients are symptomatic, with bone pain, anaemia, evidence o f renal failure, or the metabolic abnormalities associated with increased plasma calcium and urate levels. Effective treatment will extend survival from 7 to approximately 30 months and at the same time improve the quality o f life. Treatment is multidisciplinary, prominently involves the professional nurse and may arbitrarily be divided into two stages. Firstly, reversible lesions, such as dehydration and plasma hyperviscosity must be corrected, hypercalcaemia and hyperuricaemia improved and, if necessary, renal dialysis undertaken. Secondly, but o f equal importance, is the need for specific therapy to be directed against the tumour itself, and both cytotoxic agents and irradiation have an important role to play. More recently, newer approaches have included high dose chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.
Die ligging van Sodom en Gomorra volgens Genesis 14
Authors: Van Zyl A. H.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Die Nieu-Testamentiese Getuienis aangaande die Nederdaling van Christus na die Hel
Authors: Van Rensburg S. P.J.J.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Oortuiging en Verdraagsaamheid
Authors: Van Selms A.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Organisatoriese Kerkverband en Avondmaalsgemeenskap
Authors: De Wet J. I.
Published: June 2017

No abstract avaible.
Enkele Opmerkings oor Objektiewe Kerkgeskiedskrywing
Authors: Pont A. D.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
In Memoriam Prof. Dr B. Gemser
Authors: De Liagre Böhl F. M. Th.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Reluctant Romantics – On the fairy tale poetics of the Brothers Grimm and their relationship to German Romanticism
Authors: Dos Santos Isabel
Published: June 2017

The legacy of the Brothers Grimm continues to fascinate readers and researchers alike. The 200-year anniversary of the first publication of their fairy tales sparked a renewed interest in the life, work and times of the brothers. Fascinated by the past, by the political present and by the literary future of Romanticism, the Brothers Grimm stayed together in an unusual working union. They established what was to become German philology and published many invaluable works on language and history, myths and folk tales. This article will focus on the brothers’ place in German Romanticism through their contribution of fairy tales. The period was marked by political and philosophical thought that emphasised authentic experienced and the spiritual unity of art, science and philosophy. There was a strong call for national emancipation. Literature was required to embody this unity through an established national literature founded on German folk traditions. The Grimms seemed to have heeded that call. But a careful study reveals that their intentions were motivated less by the literary movement than by their own strong convictions which they upheld even at the cost of compromising the authenticity they claimed to uphold in their poetics. The many controversies regarding the origins, collection and editing of the fairy tales is inextricably linked to the brothers’ difficult relationship with the Romantic Movement. Two hundred years later, this article seeks to give an appraisal of the Brothers’ motivation for their poetics and of the research conducted thus far.
‘In the manner of Cavafy’: The example of the poet from Alexandria
Authors: Van Schalkwyk Phil
Published: June 2017

The Greek poet C.P. Cavafy (1863–1933) is held in high esteem around the world by readers and authors alike. He had influenced not only some of the greatest authors of the twentieth century, but due to the fact that his work lends itself particularly well to translation, he is also a relatively strong presence in literatures other than Greek and English. For many – most notably gay readers, authors and artists – Cavafy holds an exemplary status both in terms of literature and life. W.H. Auden has argued that, what ultimately distinguishes Cavafy, is his tone of voice which reveals a person with a unique perspective on the world. Within the context of a research project on idiolectic author identity, this contribution attempts to review the distinguishing features of Cavafy’s work in terms of both form and content. This is done within the framework of the broad critical discourse on Cavafy, and with reference to some manifestations or examples of a Dutch and Afrikaans critical and creative perspective on his poetry, with the aim to shed specific light on the special kind of wisdom communicated in Cavafy’s work.
Boom bomer boomste en die idiolek van Elsabe Steenberg
Authors: Van der Westhuizen Elizabeth S.
Published: June 2017

Boom bomer boomste and the idiolect of Elsabe Steenberg. Elsabe Steenberg’s oeuvre,consisting among others of 42 narratives in book format, is richly textured and represents a notable depth of insight into the complexities of life. It is clear that, from an intertextual point of view, considering the entire body of her work is a way of accumulating evidence in order to discern aspects of her distinctive idiolect. This idiolect, however, also emerges when contemplating a representative work from her oeuvre. The text selected for this article, a youth novel in which the symbolism of trees manifests itself in various semantic permutations,communicating the author’s intrinsic life and world view, is Boom bomer boomste, also available in English under the title Tree-more, tree-most. The tree as object and how it functions in the narrative to become part of the theme, as well as the vision of life in this youth novel, can be scrutinised minutely if the effort is aimed at finding frequent recurring signs that maybe regarded as representative of the author’s idiolect. The use of the tree symbolism in the narrative worlds of Elsabe Steenberg points toward the most prolific sign contributing to this author’s idiolect: God is the Origin and the regenerating Force in the universe of Elsabe Steenberg’s life and work.
Message from the Executive
Authors: Venter Francois
Published: June 2017

No abstract
Weight-band dosing tables: Simplifying paediatric ART
Authors: Nuttall James J C
Published: June 2017

One of the obstacles to scaling up paediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage in resource-limited settings (RLS) is the relative complexity of paediatric dosing. There is a need to simplify ART in order to facilitate treatment initiation and ongoing management of infants and children by healthcare providers, as well as to support adherence within the home. This article reviews the development of weight band dosing tables as a simplification strategy for the delivery of paediatric ART.
HIV and bullous lung disease
Authors: Malek Liat , Rubin Grace , Lucas Susan
Published: June 2017

Case Study
Bacterial vaginosis, alterations in vaginal flora and HIV genital shedding among HIV-1-infected women in Mozambique
Authors: Kirkcaldy Robert D , Mika Jennifer , Newman Lori M , Langa Judite , Tian Linhui , Jani Ilesh , Ballard Ron , Nelson Lisa , Folgosa Elena
Published: June 2017

Objectives. We investigated whether abnormal vaginal flora, including bacterial vaginosis (BV), are associated with detection of cervical HIV-1 RNA among HIV-infected women in Mozambique.

Methods. We obtained clinical data and vaginal specimens from HIV-infected women registering for their first visit at one of two HIV care clinics in Mozambique. We compared women with detectable cervical HIV viral load (≥40 copies/ml) with women with undetectable cervical HIV.

Results. We enrolled 106 women. Women with abnormal vaginal flora (intermediate Nugent scores, 4 - 6) were more likely to have detectable cervical HIV RNA then women with normal vaginal flora (adjusted odds ratio 7.2 (95% confidence interval 1.8 - 29.1), adjusted for CD4 count). Women with BV had a non-significantly higher likelihood of detectable cervical HIV than women with normal flora.

Conclusions. Abnormal vaginal flora were significantly associated with cervical HIV expression. Further research is needed to confirm this relationship.
HIV and infant feeding – one step forward, two steps back
Authors: Saloojee H , Gray G , McIntyre J A
Published: June 2017

The recent decision by the South African Health Department to withdraw the provision of free replacement (formula) feeds to HIV-exposed infants has hardly evoked any response from clinicians, health professionals or civil society groups. This paper argues that the decision is short-sighted, lacks an adequate evidence base, and is retrogressive and unconstitutional. Nine supporting arguments are presented and an alternative policy proposed.
Southern African guidelines for the safe use of pre-exposure prophylaxis in men who have sex with men who are at risk for HIV infection
Authors: Consensus Committee Southern African HIV Clinicians Society
Published: June 2017

Background. The use of oral antiretrovirals to prevent HIV infection among HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) has been shown to be safe and efficacious. A large, randomised, placebo-controlled trial showed a 44% reduction in the incidence of HIV infection among MSM receiving a daily oral fixed-dose combination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine (Truvada) in combination with an HIV prevention package. Improved protection was seen with higher levels of adherence.

Aim. The purpose of this guideline is to: (i) explain what pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is; (ii) outline current indications for its use; (iii) outline steps for appropriate client selection; and (iv) provide guidance for monitoring and maintaining clients on PrEP.

Method. PrEP is indicated for HIV-negative MSM who are assessed to be at high risk for HIV acquisition and who are willing and motivated to use PrEP as part of a package of HIV prevention services (including condoms, lubrication, sexually transmitted infection (STI) management and risk reduction counselling).

Recommendations. HIV testing, estimation of creatinine clearance and STI and hepatitis B screening are recommended as baseline investigations. Daily oral Truvada, along with adherence support, can then be prescribed for eligible MSM. PrEP should not be given

to MSM with abnormal renal function, nor to clients who are unmotivated to use PrEP as part of an HIV prevention package; nor should it be commenced during an acute viral illness. Three-monthly follow-up visits to assess tolerance, renal function, adherence and ongoing

eligibility is recommended. Six-monthly STI screens and annual creatinine levels to estimate creatinine clearance are recommended. Hepatitis B vaccination should be provided to susceptible clients. Gastro-intestinal symptoms and weight loss are common side-effects, mostly experienced for the first 4 - 8 weeks after initiating PrEP. There is a risk of the development of antiretroviral resistance among

those with undiagnosed acute HIV infection during PrEP initiation and among those with sub-optimal adherence who become HIV infected while on PrEP. Risk compensation (increasing sexual behaviours that can result in exposure to HIV) while on PrEP may become a concern, and clinicians should continue to support MSM clients to continue to use condoms, condom-compatible lubrication and practice safer sex. Research is ongoing to assess optimum dosing regimens, potential long-term effects and alternative PrEP medications. Recommendations for the use of PrEP among other at-risk individuals, and the components of these recommendations, will be informed by future evidence.

S Afr J HIV Med 2012;13(2):40-55.
Association of -308 TNF-alpha promoter polymorphism with viral load and CD4 T-helper cell apoptosis in HIV-1 infected black South Africans
Authors: Gounden Shivona , Moodley Devapregasan , Chuturgoon Anil , Karamchand Leshern , Dawood Halima
Published: June 2017

Objective. To determine whether the -308 TNF-α promoter polymorphism is associated with markers of HIV progression in the South African population.

Methods. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the -308 TNF-α polymorphism in 75 patients and 76 healthy controls. Serum TNF-α concentrations were measured using ELISA in each cohort. CD4+ T cell apoptosis and HIV-1 RNA viral load were determined using Annexin-V-FITC assay and Nuclisens Easy Q HIV-1 assay respectively. CD4 + T cell counts were measured flow cytometrically.

Results. The frequency of -308 G allele was similar in the HIV-1 and control cohorts. The -308GG genotype was associated with lower TNF-α concentrations and markers of increased HIV progression indicated by higher TH lymphocyte apoptosis, lower TH lymphocyte count and higher plasma viral load, irrespective of treatment.

Conclusion. The presence of the TNF-α -308 G allele in HIV-1 patients may be associated with increased risk of HIV-1 progression. Further research is required to investigate the nature of this association.

S Afr J HIV Med 2012;13(2):72-77.
Estimated use of abacavir among adults and children enrolled in public sector antiretroviral therapy programmes in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Evans D , Maskwe M , Heneger C , Sanne I
Published: June 2017

In South Africa, abacavir (ABC) is currently recommended as part of first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-positive paediatric patients. Concerns about overprescribing of the drug, particularly to adults, led to an analysis of ABC use in public sector ART programmes. We investigated current prescription of the drug to adults and children accessing ART in 4 public sector programmes across Gauteng Province, South Africa. ABC was almost exclusively prescribed to children initiating ART and adults requiring regimen changes due to drug toxicities. Patterns of ABC use among HIV-positive paediatric patients followed national ART treatment guidelines on the application of the drug. Although ABC is commonly used in the private sector for adults, the current national ART treatment guidelines for adults and adolescents should include ABC as an alternative to standard first- or second-line ART.