bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli strains in healthy pets from Tamaulipas, Mexico
Authors: Mandujano-Hernández José Antonio , Vázquez-Villanueva José , De Luna-Santillana Erick de Jesús , Rivera Gildardo , Bocanegra-García Virgilio , Martínez-Vázquez Ana Verónica
Published: September 2024

Antibiotic resistance constitutes a significant public health challenge, with diverse reservoirs of resistant bacteria playing pivotal roles in their dissemination. Among these reservoirs, pets are carrying antibiotic-resistant strains. The objective of this study was to assess the resistance profiles of Escherichia coli, and the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli strains in dogs and cats from Tamaulipas, Mexico. A total of 300 stool samples (150 dogs and 150 cats) from healthy pets were subjected to analysis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and the identification of ESBLs were carried out by disc diffusion method. The presence of resistance genes, class 1, 2, and 3 integrons (intI1, intI2, and intI3) and phylogroups was determined by PCR analysis. The findings reveal that 42.6% (128/300) of the strains exhibited resistance to at least one of the eight antibiotics assessed, and 18.6% (56/300) demonstrated multidrug resistance (MDR), that distributed across 69 distinct resistance patterns. Altogether 2.6% of E. coli strains (8/300) were confirmed as TEM and CTX-M type ESBL producers. These outcomes underscore the roles of dogs and cats in Tamaulipas as reservoirs for the dissemination of MDR and/or ESBL strains. The results underscore the necessity for conducting prevalence studies on ESBL-producing E. coli, forming a foundation for comprehending the present scenario and formulating strategies for the control and mitigation of this issue.
Declaration of the Best: A Sanskrit-Uigur Commentary on the Agraprajñaptisūtra – Reedition of the Text TT VIII H
Authors: Hartmann Jens-Uwe , Maue Dieter , Zieme Peter
Published: September 2024

The Brāhmī leaf in Sanskrit and Uigur (TT VIII H) from the Berlin Turfan collection, edited by A. von Gabain in 1954, suggests an Indian origin, although this cannot be definitively proven in its current form. The fragment appears to be a commentary on the Agraprajñaptisūtra, the sūtra that declares the triratna (Buddha, Dharma, Saṃgha) as the best. The preserved part is about the question of its origin or occasion (utpatti). The present new edition includes an introduction on the Agraprajñaptisūtra (I), the text, translation, and comments (III), along with the description of the leaf, characteristic usage of the Uigur Brāhmī script and thoughts on dating (II) and three Appendices (IV) on the Agraprajñaptisūtra, the *Ekāgrasūtra in Uigur sources, and the interpretation of etadagrikeṣu vyākr̥teṣu. Additionally, three glossaries (V) (Sanskrit – English – Uigur; Uigur – English – Sanskrit; Uigur – English), abbreviations and bibliography (VI) and plates (VII) are provided.
A Régi Zeneakadémia építésének és helyreállításának története
Authors: Lovra Éva
Published: September 2024

Jelen tanulmány összefoglalja és értékeli a Régi Zeneakadémiával foglalkozó szakirodalmi kutatás korábbi eredményeit; elsődleges források alapján rekonstruálja az épület 19. századi építéstörténetét, különös tekintettel a belső terek kialakítására és átalakítására (1881, 1883); foglalkozik a 20. századi történetével, tárgyalva a külső és belső átalakításokat, funkcióváltást és helyreállításának főbb szakaszait és eredményeit az 1903-tól 1986-ig tartó időszakban.

Az Andrássy úton a korabeli műcsarnokkal és a mintarajztanoda épületével egy csoportozatot képező Régi Zeneakadémia terveit Lang Adolf készítette, az építést Wechselmann Ignác építési vállalkozó hajtotta végre. 1879-ben adták át az épületet, amely 1907-ig a hazai zenei oktatás kiemelt helyszíne, Liszt Ferenc, Erkel Ferenc és Stróbl Alajos élete egy rövidebb szakaszának színtere volt. A Régi Zeneakadémia, ellentétben a tömböt alkotó két másikkal, kevésbé kutatott és publikált. Építéstörténetében vannak azonban olyan epizódok (meg nem valósult tervek, események), amelyek az építészeti értékein túl, még történelmi értékekkel is felruházzák. Az épület másfél évszázados története során több külső és belső átalakításon is átesett. A külső átalakítások eredményét ma is látjuk. Az 1980-as évek elején, az 1986-os átadásig, az addig különböző funkcióknak eleget tévő épület belső átalakításának és eredeti funkciójának visszaállítása volt a cél. Mivel nem állnak rendelkezésre eredeti tervek, ezért a főfalak szolgáltak információkkal, az eredeti állapot nehezen rekonstruálható. Az 1980-as évek visszaállító, nagyrekonstrukciós munkálatai mellett még két ismert múlt századi átalakítása volt az épületnek, 1907–1909-ben és 1957-ben. 1903-ban vette meg a Régi Zeneakadémiát Wodianer Arthur, aki az 1907. és 1909. évben kért engedélyt átalakításra. 1957-ben, már a Tannimpex külkereskedelmi vállalat tulajdonában álló épület hangversenytermét kettéosztották (új acélgerendákon nyugvó osztófödém került az első és második emelet közé), a nagyobb termeket kisebb helyiségekre osztották, ekkor épülhetett a lift, a lépcsőház eredeti nyílászárói rovására üvegtégla falat alakítottak ki. Az 1957-es átalakítás eredményéről az 1970-es években készült (Tannimpex tulajdonában) levő felmérési rajzok tanúskodnak. Az 1983-as felújítás során elbontották a másodlagosan épített válaszfalakat, a hangversenyteremben lévő osztófödémet, a nagyterem (mai Kutatókönyvtár) díszítőfestését, a hangversenyteremben a mennyezetet és az eredeti boltozatokat rekonstruálták (az azokat takaró másodlagos szerkezeteket, festést megszüntették), a homlokzati nyílászárókat felújították (a munkák összefoglalása a teljesség igénye nélkül). 1986-tól az épület újra oktatási intézményként működik, a mai napig.
Internet gaming disorder and risky behaviours among Czech adolescents: A nationally representative study
Authors: Suchá Jaroslava , Dolejš Martin , Dostál Daniel , Pipová Helena , Pontes Halley M.
Published: September 2024

Background and aims

The aim of the present study was to estimate the complex association between Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), substance use, and other risky behaviours in Czech adolescents whilst providing prevalence estimates of IGD and psychometric information regarding the Czech Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF).

Methods

A representative sample of 3,950 Czech adolescents was recruited through stratified random sampling in the school setting.

Results

Disordered gamers showed frequent use of specific substances such as pharmaceuticals, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide. In contrast, non-gamers had higher prevalence of alcohol, cigarettes, sedatives and tranquillisers, and marijuana use. A logistic regression, utilising IGDS9-SF raw scores and average daily gaming time, revealed a U-shaped relationship between gaming and both alcohol and cigarette use. Additionally, conduct problems such as bullying, and risky in-game behaviours were more prevalent among disordered gamers, with the exception of forging parents' signatures. The overall prevalence of IGD was 3.62% (95% CI = [3.1%, 4.3%]), with higher rates in males (5.89%; 95% CI = [4.9%, 7.0%]) than in females (1.45%; 95% CI = [1.0%, 2.1%]).

Discussion and conclusions

The Czech IGDS9-SF used in the present study showed adequate psychometric properties. The association between gaming and substance use behaviours may be specific and multifaceted depending on the severity of the gaming-related problems. Furthermore, disordered gamers may become more vulnerable due to a higher incidence of conduct problems, bullying (victimisation), and in-game risky behaviours such as engagement with microtransactions mechanics (e.g., loot box) within video games.
Posttranslational modifications in spider silk influence conformation and dimerization dynamics
Authors: Craig H. C. , Malay A. D. , Hayashi F. , Mori M. , Arakawa K. , Numata K.
Published: September 2024

Spider silk is an archetypal biopolymer material with extreme tensile properties arising from its complex hierarchical assembly. While recent advances in sequencing have yielded abundant insights, relatively little is known concerning post-translational modifications (PTMs) in spider silk. Here, we probe the PTM landscape of dragline silk from the Jorō spider (Trichonephila clavata) using a combination of mass spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results reveal a wide array of potential modifications, including hydroxyproline, phosphorylation, and dityrosine cross-links, encompassing the different spidroin constituents. Notably, the MaSp3 repetitive region displayed numerous PTMs, whereas MaSp1 and MaSp2 variants showed distinct phosphorylation patterns in its terminal domains. The N-terminal domain (NTD) phosphorylation sites were found predominantly at the dimer interface, suggesting a modulatory function with respect to its pH-driven dimerization function, a hypothesis supported by studies using phosphomimetic NTD mutants. Possible roles of phosphoserine in limiting β-sheet formation, and hydroxyproline in disrupting β-turns are also discussed.

Impact statement

Spider silk is an archetypal biomaterial that can outperform our most sophisticated artificial fibers. The secret to its mechanical properties lies in its complex hierarchical structure—encompassing the nano- to macroscales—that forms through a process of molecular self-assembly of the constituent spidroin proteins. While recent advances in "biomateriomics” have given us tremendous insights into the sequence–function relationships that determine spider silk behavior, the picture is still far from complete. One area that has received little attention is posttranslational modifications (PTMs). PTMs are ubiquitous biological phenomena that are crucial for providing dynamic control of the proteome, and effectively expand the structural and functional design space of proteins beyond that provided by the canonical amino acids. Here, we undertook a comprehensive analysis of PTMs from spider dragline silk fiber, which revealed numerous potential sites for a wide array of modifications. The results provide a fascinating window into additional layers of complexity underlying the mechanical behavior of spider silk, and suggest further avenues for creating novel, dynamically tunable, bioinspired materials.

Graphical abstract
Visual Elements In The Arabic Lectural Book Ministery Of Religion: School Perspectives
Authors: Fadilah Nurul , Sukari Afaf Binti , Arisy Zyk Farhad
Published: September 2024

Since 1968, Resources for Arabic education and learning have continued to advance, thanks to recent technological advancements. Junior high school Arabic textbooks have also been updated based on several factors, including correcting numerous errors and material organization to optimize use and circulation. Researchers discovered that this study, which revealed the visual aspects of the book released by Kemenag in 2020 from the perspectives of Sudarma and Erin M. McTigue, was conducted using exploratory qualitative research and descriptive analysis methodologies. Tables and 180 cartoon pictures or photos comprise most of the book's visual aspects; the remaining elements are design elements, including circles, blunt boxes, and other shapes. Readers may find it challenging to see some layout conditions because they are still random.
Nieautoryzowany obrót jako źródło ryzyka operacyjnego. Wybrane przypadki
Authors: Thlon Michał
Published: September 2024

Operational risk is defined as the possibility of incurring losses resulting from the failure, deficiency or inadequacy of internal processes, people and systems or from external events. In practice, the most important source of operational risk is when an authorised employee becomes a rogue trader, making unfair and usually unauthorised trades. The main purpose of this paper is to compile and analyse case studies of selected financial disasters caused by unauthorised transactions. The structure of the paper is thus built on the analysis of the individual cases: Daiwa, Sumitomo, Orange County, Allied Irish Bank, Amaranth Advisors, and Société Générale. Each case is presented following the same scheme: historical background, rogue trader strategy, conclusions. I summarise the most important causes of financial disaster and suggest guidelines for preventing similar situations in the future.
Preferencje i świadomość konsumentów w zakresie opakowań mleka
Authors: Bizoń Barbara , Ptasińska-Marcinkiewicz Joanna
Published: September 2024

There are more and more new packaging materials and forms of packaging used in the dairy industry. At the same time the literature offers reports on the usefulness of individual packaging materials for milk on the basis of package-product interaction. The aim of this study was to investigate the opinions of consumers with regard to products and their packaging. The article presents the results of surveys on the attitudes and behaviour of consumers towards commercially available types of packaging for milk and their impact on the quality of the packaged product. The results of the survey showed that consumers are aware of the impact packaging materials have on the product. The vast majority of respondents indicated that packaging has a significant impact on milk quality. Of course they are aware of the role packaging plays in self-service stores ("the silent salesperson").
Kontrola wewnętrzna w środowisku informatycznym według modelu COSO
Authors: Babuśka Ewa Wiktoria
Published: September 2024

The article presents internal control in an IT environment done in accordance with the COSO model and emphasises the importance of the control to an entity's internal control systems. The paper describes the key components of internal control including relevant IT aspects. It also explains general and application controls employed as the main information processing controls. The final section characterises the functions, objectives and control tasks in the IT environment.
Zanieczyszczenia zbiorników wodnych bakterią Pseudomonas aeruginosa na obszarze Krakowa
Authors: Gacek Anna , Szopa Przemysław , Czerniak Jacek
Published: September 2024

Research was done to assess the occurrence of bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa in public utility surface water and artesian wells in the city area of Cracow (Poland). Samples were collected once in the summer and once in winter 2012 for each of the selected locations. While Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found at two public bathing beaches, it was not found in potable water. The contamination discovered was sampling time-dependent, revealing seasonal variations.
Wielka depresja a współczesny kryzys finansowy - podobieństwa i różnice. Perspektywy dla globalizacji
Authors: Twardosz Adam
Published: September 2024

In the 1990s and the beginning of the 21st century the world became an arena of great political and socio-economic changes. The ongoing globalisation processes and technological revolution were accompanied by unprecedented economic growth, which however came to an end with the onset of the current financial crisis, which has recently transformed into a debt crisis. The aim of the article is to present possible scenarios for the globalising world in turbulent times. A short overview of basic theories of international relations followed by a comparative analysis of the Great Depression and the current financial crisis shall enable the reader to understand the course of possible future events.
Tatarzy polscy - tożsamość kolektywna w kontekście regulacji ustawowych
Authors: Warmińska Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

The transformations following 1989 in Poland have had a substantial impact on the situation of the country's national and ethnic communities. The last 20 years have culminated in the stabilisation of a formal and legal framework of their activities.  According to the Act of 2005 on national and ethnic minorities and on regional languages, the Polish Tartars are a recognised ethnic minority. In my article I focus on the collective aspect of Polish Tartars' ethnic identity. The most important issue discussed is the impact of the Act and its statutory arrangements on the definitions of the ethnic „We" shared by the group's members. The meeting of the official identity discourse delineated by the legislation procedures with the matter of ethnicity, which is subtle in nature, may lead to a dilemma of identity and raise the question around those dilemmas as to "Who we are". The situation could also inspire reflection upon the identity assets a group holds, which in turn bring about an attempt to implement identity options that correspond with the needs and interests of the community.
INFLUENCE OF GRID DENSITY AND ROTATION MODEL ON PROPELLER OPEN WATER CFD SIMULATION AND UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Li Dongya , Jiang Wangchao , Qi Henan , Wu Xuefeng , Wu Yifan
Published: September 2024

To investigate and quantify the effect of grids as well as different numerical models on the propeller open water simulation results and to evaluate the confidence level of the simulation results, numerical simulation of open water and uncertainty assessment are necessary. The propeller open water performance was calculated using the SST k-ω method with MRF (Multiple Reference Frames) and SM (Sliding Mesh) models under different grid densities. Following ITTC (International Towing Tank Conference) (2021) procedures, CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) uncertainty evaluation and flow field analysis of the numerical models were carried out. The principles of the "verification" and "validation" steps were introduced. Three grids of different densities were numerically simulated to obtain the thrust coefficient KT, torque coefficient KQ and open water efficiency η at different advance coefficient, J. CFD calculation result uncertainty analysis was implemented. Comparisons were made of near-wall Y+ distribution, wakefield, velocity distribution, and surface pressure distribution at J=0.6. Results show that: 1) the trends of the three grids' results were consistent, and the SM model was more sensitive to grids, but its converged results were closer to the true value; 2) near-wall Y+ distribution, wakefield and velocity distribution showed noticeable differences due to grid discrepancies, while pressure distributions were approximate. Calculation results monotonically converged in "verification" and were validated in "validation". Thus, calculation results meet application requirements and model settings can provide an engineering reference.
MODELING UNKNOWN STOCHASTIC DYNAMICAL SYSTEM VIA AUTOENCODER
Authors: Xu Zhongshu , Chen Yuan , Chen Qifan , Xiu Dongbin
Published: September 2024

We present a numerical method to learn an accurate predictive model for an unknown stochastic dynamical system from its trajectory data. The method seeks to approximate the unknown flow map of the underlying system. It employs the idea of autoencoder to identify the unobserved latent random variables. In our approach, we design an encoding function to discover the latent variables, which
are modeled as unit Gaussian, and a decoding function to reconstruct the system's future states. Both the encoder and decoder are expressed as deep neural networks (DNNs). Once the DNNs are trained by the trajectory data, the decoder serves as a predictive model for the unknown stochastic system. Through an extensive set of numerical examples, we demonstrate that the method is able to produce long-term system predictions by using short bursts of trajectory data. It is also applicable to systems driven by non-Gaussian noises.
Mediterranean Anatolia, Anatolian Mediterranean: A Landmass and its Sea(s)
Authors: Blessing Patricia
Published: September 2024

The study of medieval and early modern architecture located in Anatolia, from the Byzantine to the Ottoman Period, has focused on the region as a landmass, marked by mountains, rivers, and steppes. Defined in geographical texts of the Islamic world as Lands of Rūm (Bilād al-Rūm) and understood as a frontier region between various polities and empires, as well as between Christianity and Islam, the region and its buildings emerge from the literature as solidly tied to land, connected through trade routes overland through Iran, Central Asia, and all the way to China. At the same time, attention to trade and its routes can help shift the narrative towards the sea, and a better understanding of Anatolia in a Mediterranean context. Major ports existed in Alanya and Sinop; new ports were created in Balat-Miletus and Ayasuluk-Selçuk-Ephesus, to replace silted-up antique ones. While these facts, and their impact on the economic and cultural setting of individual sites, have been studied, a synthetic approach to the question of what it means to conceive of Anatolia as a Mediterranean region is yet to be endeavored.
Empoderamiento económico de mujeres rurales mediante las TIC y el comercio electrónico
Authors: Fonseca Pinto Dora Esther , Huérfano Fonseca Cristian Andrés , Fonseca Pinto Carlos Arturo
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: analizar la situación de las mujeres rurales en un municipio en Colombia en relación con el acceso, uso y percepción de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC), así como su disposición para adoptar el comercio electrónico. Este estudio busca complementar la comprensión de los desafíos y oportunidades que enfrentan las mujeres en este contexto, identificando tanto las barreras como los factores impulsores que influyen en su acceso a las TIC y su participación en el comercio electrónico. Método: se utilizó un enfoque mixto, que incluyó encuestas e investigación -Acción-Participativa. Se aplicaron 108 encuestas a mujeres rurales mayores de 15 años, con 86 preguntas empleando la escala Likert, cuyos datos fueron analizados mediante el software estadístico SPSS. Resultados: los hallazgos evidenciaron limitaciones en el acceso a la educación, bajas opciones para diversificar las actividades económicas y un bajo nivel de habilidades tecnológicas entre las mujeres rurales. Sin embargo. Sin embargo, también se identificaron oportunidades para fortalecer su empoderamiento y desarrollo a través de las TIC y el comercio electrónico, lo que podría contribuir a la igualdad de género, el desarrollo sostenible, la productividad, la innovación y el acceso a la información. Discusión: el estudio destaca la importancia de reconocer las desigualdades estructurales relacionadas con factores socioeconómicos, culturales y geográficos que restringen el acceso de las mujeres rurales a las TIC, tal como lo han señalado diversos autores. Estas barreras no solo impactan su participación en la economía digital, sino que también perpetúan la exclusión social y económica en estas comunidades. Conclusiones: la alfabetización digital y el empoderamiento económico de las mujeres rurales, requieren la implementación de políticas y programas específicos que aborden los obstáculos identificados. El aprovechamiento de las TIC y el comercio electrónico tienen el potencial para mejorar considerablemente la calidad de vida de estas mujeres y fortalecer la economía local y regional.
Adaptando DevOps a la norma ISO 29110 a través de metodologías agiles en VSE desarrolladoras de software Colombianas
Authors: Pastrana Pardo Manuel  Alejandro , Ordoñez Erazo Hugo Armando , Cobos Lozada Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2024

Resumen
Las pequeñas empresas de software (VSE) deben priorizar y garantizar la calidad de sus productos para competir en el mercado mundial del software. Por tanto, deben implantar prácticas de desarrollo de software que creen productos de alta calidad sin aumentar los costos. Este artículo presenta una manera de implementar lo propuesto por la norma ISO/IEC 29110 utilizando SCRUM, XP y DevOps para mejorar el proceso de desarrollo de software, detallando la realizado y los resultados de aplicarlo en siete VSE colombianas que adoptaron las recomendaciones.
Objetivo:  Determinar cómo una VSE puede implementar ISO/IEC 29110 utilizando SCRUM, XP y DEVOPS para mejorar la calidad de sus productos durante el proceso de desarrollo de software.
Metodología o método: 1. Integración de SCRUM, XP y DevOps con ISO/IEC 29110, 2. Inclusión de prácticas en las áreas recomendadas por ISO/IEC 29110, 3. Aplicación de Mejoras y comparación entre el estado inicial y final.
Resultados: La propuesta es llevada a siete empresas, donde se evalúa inicialmente para cada área y categoría de calificación de la ISO/IEC 29110, seguida de un análisis de adopción e impacto para reclasificarlas.
Conclusiones: La implementación de las prácticas de los marcos ágiles aumentan el factor de competitividad de las empresas, especialmente en las VSE, brindando formas de optimizar su proceso de desarrollo para que sea menos empírico, más organizado y capaz de implementar mejores controles de calidad que garanticen mejores resultados.
Innovative hybrid virtual keyboard: A symbolic approach to enhance communication for individuals with severe neuro-muscular pathologies
Authors: Jimenez Builes Jovani Alberto , Sánchez-Álvarez Jhon Fernando , Jaramillo-Álvarez Gloria Patricia , Herrán-Suárez José Miguel , González-Clavijo Claudio Camilo
Published: September 2024

Objective. The objective of the study is to enhance communication efficiency for individuals with advanced neuromuscular pathologies, specifically by increasing the number of letters written per second through a hybrid Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) software.
Methods. The methodology involves the development of a hybrid AAC software that can be activated through acoustic events, physical events, or coded selection. Additionally, this system was implemented in an Android app, and a study of the target group was conducted to assess its usability and accessibility.
Results. The results indicate that the proposed keyboard overcomes many limitations of traditional AAC systems, providing greater usability and efficiency in communication for individuals with neuromuscular diseases.
Conclusions. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that the proposed keyboard offers an alternative solution to enhance communication for individuals with neuromuscular pathologies, enabling them to access educational and employment inclusion by using any type of computer.
The cardiac toxicity of PAMAM dendrimer drug delivery systems can be attenuated with the adjunct use of cardioprotective agents
Authors: Akhtar Saghir , Babiker Fawzi , Al-Kouh Aisha , F Benter Ibrahim
Published: September 2024

Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer nanoparticles are efficient drug delivery vectors with potential clinical applications in nanomedicine. However, PAMAMs can compromise heart function, and strategies to mitigate cardiotoxicity would be beneficial. In this study, we investigated whether the adjunct use of three key cardioprotective agents could prevent cardiac injury induced by a seventh-generation cationic PAMAM dendrimer (G7). Isolated rat hearts were subjected to ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury in the presence or absence of G7 or the cardioprotective agents Losartan, epidermal growth factor (EGF), or S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP). I/R injury significantly compromised cardiac function, in terms of left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics, contractility, and vascular dynamics, which were markedly improved (P < 0.05) by the administration of Losartan, EGF, or SNAP alone, confirming their cardioprotective effects. The administration of G7 significantly worsened cardiac function recovery following I/R (P < 0.05). G7-induced impairments in cardiac and vascular dynamics were significantly improved by co-administration of Losartan, EGF, or SNAP. Treatment with G7 also significantly increased cardiac enzyme levels and infarct size, both of which were markedly reduced upon co-infusion of Losartan, EGF, or SNAP (P < 0.05). Thus, G7 deteriorates the recovery of cardiac function in isolated hearts subjected to I/R injury, which can be rescued by co-administration of Losartan, EGF, or SNAP. These findings enhance our understanding of PAMAM dendrimer nanotoxicology in the mammalian heart and suggest that the adjunct use of cardioprotective agents is an effective strategy for mitigating the cardiotoxicity of these dendrimers and potentially other drug delivery systems.
Scientific Justification of the Selection of the Optimum Composition of the Phytocomposition Included in Phytosomal Gel for the Treatment of Cuperosis
Authors: Sevil Mehralıyeva , Tunzala Eyvazova , Nigar İsmayılova , Tukazban Quliyeva
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The research work aims to carry out the acquisition of phytoextracts from green tea leaves, hop cones, and horse chestnut seeds with the participation of various extraction methods for the future preparation of phytosomal gel in the treatment of couperosis, to study their technological and physico-chemical properties. Methods: In the scientific research laboratory of the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology of the Azerbaijan Medical University, a phytocomposition was developed in 5 variants from green tea leaves, hop cones, and horse chestnut seeds in different proportions. Phytoextract was obtained from compositions prepared by maceration and high-speed extraction methods. 70% ethyl alcohol was used as an extractant in the research work. The extraction process was performed twice for each composition. Results: Researches were performed with a high-speed extraction method (High-Speed Dispersator- STEGLER DG-360, 26-28 °C, 50Hs, 2800-28000 cycles/min). The extraction time was 7 minutes in the 1st stage, 3 minutes in the 2nd stage, temperature 26 °C, frequency 50 Hz, power 360 W, 3300 cycles/min. Extracts were also obtained by the maceration method in a cone-shaped glass macerator for 3 days. Physico-chemical properties of extracts (organoleptic properties, dry residue, density, pH, amount of heavy metals) were studied. According to the results of the research, the amount of extractive substances obtained in the Stegler DG 360 model device - a high-speed homogenizer was higher. During the comparative studies conducted with phytocompositions, compositions No. 3 and 5 showed more different results according to the relevant criteria.
The Cheating Practices of Kuwaiti EFL College Students: Attitudes and Opinions
Authors: Al-Abdullah Seham , Alkandari Ayshah
Published: September 2024

This study is designed to inspect the attitudes of Kuwaiti college students of English as a foreign language (EFL) towards cheating on English exams and their opinions about the factors underlying their cheating behaviour. A mixed-method approach was used to collect and analyse the data. The participants were 182 Kuwaiti EFL students who answered a survey that collected quantitative and qualitative data. Microsoft Excel Software was used to analyse the quantitative data. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyse the qualitative data. It was found that although the participants held a negative attitude towards cheating, they showed a lax stance towards some cheating methods, namely, using leaked exams and learning them from other students. This lax stance raises ethical concerns and highlights the need for intervention. Analysis of participants’ opinions revealed various personal and contextual factors affecting students’ cheating practices: language instructors’ corrupt practices, societal pressure, and students’ poor language proficiency levels. Our findings largely echo the literature on college students’ cheating practices, precisely research on EFL students’ cheating behaviour. They also reflect the Kuwaiti EFL context in which they were identified. Practical implications and recommendations for future research are indicated.
Environmental Injustice in African American Ecopoetry in the Twentieth Century: An Ecocritical Study of Selected Poems
Authors: Muhammad Muhammad Agami Hassan
Published: September 2024

This article examines five poems of different African American poets from 1900 to 1999. Its main objective is to explore how each poet tackles African Americans' – and sometimes other minorities'- marginalization and persecution in the US, highlighting the eco-injustice practices conducted by the white authority. It also traces the established bond between African Americans and nature in the twentieth century through an ecocritical analysis of the selected poems. The article includes an examination of the reaction of African American schools developing from racial romanticism to resistance. To achieve this, the article identifies the differences between two basic terms that are usually used interchangeably: ecojustice and environmental justice. Then it identifies and illustrates four types of ecopoetry: nature poetry, environmental poetry, ecological poetry, reclamation ecopoetics/ecojustice poetry.
Traducción editorial en torno a la cultura escrita: Espacios para la Lectura, una colección del Fondo de Cultura Económica (1999-2003)
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Mihal Ivana
Published: September 2024

En 1999, el Fondo de Cultura Económica lanzó al mercado Espacios para la Lectura, una colección pionera en la traducción al castellano de libros académicos de ciencias sociales y humanas en torno a la cultura escrita. Las obras traducidas en el marco de esta colección vinieron a cubrir un área de vacancia acerca de la lectura, el libro y la edición como objeto de intervención, de investigación y de reflexión de diferentes agentes del mundo académico y editorial. Este artículo desarrolla la hipótesis de que si bien el criterio editorial de inclusión de las obras traducidas de algunos autores y autoras al castellano en esta colección tuvo como finalidad brindar herramientas teóricas sobre la cultura escrita a un público general y profesional que actuara en la mediación a la lectura, esto permitió también tematizar y poner de relieve a la traducción como objeto de estudio y nos permite observar distintos modos de intervención de las/os traductoras/es como agentes del mundo del libro en esta colección. Este estudio invita a ahondar en la trayectoria y caracterización del perfil de las traductoras y los traductores que participaron de esta colección y de otras colecciones y editoriales similares en la región.
A Regulatory‐Developmental Turn Within EU Industrial Policy? The Case of the Battery IPCEIs
Authors: Gräf Helena
Published: September 2024

The European automotive industry is transitioning from combustion engines to electric vehicles but lags behind international competitors. This geoeconomic competition has contributed to the revival of industrial policy in the EU. However, EU competition policy restricts more vertical industrial policy approaches. In this context, the Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEIs) have emerged as a novel governance tool. This article examines this transformation in EU industrial policy by focusing on the Battery IPCEIs. The article includes an in-depth case study of the Battery IPCEIs, using secondary literature and 11 expert interviews. It concludes that IPCEIs represent a gradual regulatory-developmental turn within EU industrial policy by drawing on developmental state theory in a European context, critical EU integration literature, and global production networks research. In response to geoeconomic competition and the region’s lack of productive capacities, the EU is indirectly facilitating the development of European battery innovation and production networks by issuing direct state aid at the national level. However, the EU’s participation in the subsidy race and the global green-tech race via “green” industrial policy indicates only a partial shift in the relationship between states and markets.
Beyond Car-Centred Adultism? Exploring Parental Influences on Children’s Mobility
Authors: Cadima Catarina , Von Schönfeld Kim , Ferreira António
Published: September 2024

Motorised traffic and car-centric environments restrict children’s commuting patterns and outdoor activities. This has adverse health consequences as it induces physical inactivity and reduces children’s well-being. Understanding parents’ daily routines and reasons to facilitate or restrict their children’s active and independent mobility is essential to improving children’s well-being and encouraging environmentally sustainable mobilities. This article explores parental decision-making processes regarding how children should travel to and from school and how these constitute barriers or enablers for children’s independent and active mobility in a Portuguese context. We used a mixed-methods sequential approach: We first collected data through an online survey and then via focus groups with parents and interviews with school directors. Overall, parental concerns about traffic stem from an automobility-centred culture that has converted urban streets into an optimised system of mobility flows focused on (single and employed) adults. This culture responds to the anxieties it creates by perpetuating a cycle that exacerbates existing concerns and reinforces the need to rely even more heavily on mobility technologies, especially the private car. This adult-centred mobility culture jeopardises children’s ability to navigate the city independently while offering children a highly problematic and self-reproducing social construction. In this construction, the risks and drawbacks of physically confined virtual environments and experiences are considered acceptable, while engaging with the physicality and sociality of the urban environment is considered unacceptably dangerous and promiscuous.
THE ISO 9000 STANDARD
Authors: Ivanova Marija , Elksne Maija , Meirāns Ivars
Published: September 2024

The aim of the reports is determine the ISO 9000 standard development perspectives. Report consists of four chapters. In the first chapter is written the ISO 9000 standard developmental history. In the second chapter is described ISO 9000 standard edition and in the third chapter is take ISO 9000 standard edition comparison. In the fourth chapter is written the ISO 9000 standard perspectives
STAINLESS STEEL COLOR CHANGE, DEPENDING ON THE LASER PARAMETERS IN LABELING PROCESS
Authors: Gribovskis Aleksejs , Bernāns Normunds , Počekajevs Oskars , Narica Pāvels
Published: September 2024

This research describes color marking on stainless steel using various laser parameters. As a process, laser marking has been known for a long time, however, usage of this technology is rarely found for industrial needs. New fiber laser allows user to change the laser parameters in order to change color scheme, quality and visual appearance on the engraved surface.
STUDENTS’ OPINION ON WEBINARS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Aļeksejeva Anastasija , Zaščerinskis Mihails , Zaščerinska Jeļena , Melnikova Julija , Andreeva Natalia
Published: September 2024

Webinars have become an indispensable tool in higher education. However, students’ opinion on webinars in higher education has not been analyzed. The aim of the present contribution is to analyze students‘ opinion on webinars in higher education underpinning elaboration of a hypothesis on educators’ contribution to the use of webinars in higher education. The meaning of the key concepts of webinar and opinion is studied. Moreover, the study shows how the steps of the process are related: identifying webinars → defining students’ opinion → empirical study within multicultural environments → conclusions. The empirical study was carried out in September 2015. The sample included 19 students from Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania. The study results demonstrate that the students’ opinions on webinars in higher education are homogeneous. A hypothesis on educators’ contribution to the use of webinars in higher education is elaborated. Directions of further research are proposed.
ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION INITIAL VALUE PROBLEM MATHEMATICAL MODELING WITH MAPLE SOFTWARE
Authors: Bauska Renāte , Elksne Mārīte , Kangro Ilmārs
Published: September 2024

Along with the rapid development of technology various problems require description and analysis of rather complicated physical processes. Due to their complexity differential equations are often used for this purpose. The aim of this work is to create mathematical models of initial value problems of ordinary differential equations using Maple software and provide insight into their practical applications. Authors have also gathered general information about differential equations and mathematical modeling. As a result two mathematical models have been created describing a process of salt dissolution in water and one-dimensional diffusion.
CO2 EMISSIONS AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE WORLD 1970-2013
Authors: Pujate Agnese , Pujāte Edīte , Kodors Sergejs
Published: September 2024

Study theme is the CO2 emissions and global climate change from 1970 to 2013. The research object is CO2 emissions, which cause climate change. The goal of this work is to identify the main sources of pollutions using geographical information systems.
STATION REZEKNE I TERRITORY WATER QUALITY
Authors: Berjoza Lauris , Matisovs Ivars
Published: September 2024

In this research main purpose was to find out water reservoirs quality in station Rezekne I territory, as well was taken water sample from the ground waters. Water samples were analysed.
CAR SERVICE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TRENDS
Authors: Šmaukstelis Raimonds , Ežmale Sandra
Published: September 2024

This paper was made to explore newest trend of information technologies in car service business. Information technology field was researched, trends of people internet shopping in Latvia were investigated, social networks influence on business was researched, and apportionment of the most popular social networks and their contribution were evaluated. IT was concluded that nowadays information technologies has huge impact on business efficiency. E-commerce is a great tool to enlarge income from products sale and information technology can make a real save up to increase business efficiency in long term base.
ARDUINO AS A FIRST STEP IN ENGINEERING
Authors: Naruzhnii Artem , Efimov Ivan , Bruttan Julia
Published: September 2024

The Internet of Thing is becoming more and more popular nowadays. Our article tells about Arduino as an example of single-board computers and how it is connected with IoT and engineering. The main question of our article is “Why is it easy to start learning engineering with Arduino?”. There will be shown the features of Arduino programming language and the basics of device designing. The role of Arduino in engineering learning process will be explained.
LASER DRILLING QUALITY OF VARIOUS MATERIALS DEPENDING ON THE LASER BEAM PARAMETERS
Authors: Fedotovs Jānis , Bartkevičs Jānis , Āboliņš Artūrs , Narica Pāvels
Published: September 2024

This research describes Nd:Yag laserbeam drilling in different material types. Experimental part was used to predict the effect of laser drilling parameters including laser beam power and defocusing. In this research was used two material types- aluminium and ceramics
MICROCONTROLLERS IN AUTOMATION SYSTEMS OF ESCAPE ROOMS
Authors: Lubyagin Igor , Ivanova Anna , Loginov Sergei
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to the automation of various entertainment processes. Nowadays this topic is the most relevant because entertainment industry is in high demand but automation in this field isn’t spread widely. The solution of the problem is shown on the example of creating of automation system of the separate escape room using soft and hardware application Arduino. The advantage of automation processes allows not to hire a worker who watches all processes in the room and control them manually that allowing to refer a game as honest as possible. In addition on Arduino base different new ideas may be realized, which are important factors of the success of people working in this field
PROCESS VISUALIZATION SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Dukšta Gunta , Gaigule Alla , Šindlers Vladislavs , Grabusts Pēteris
Published: September 2024

More and more often personal computers (PC) and their networks are integrated in the automation systems. Usually a task of PC in the automation systems is to ensure automated control of processes, their registration and visualization. Internationally such systems are called SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition). The most common principle of process tasks distribution among PLC and PC is as follows – PLC controls and regulates the process, whereas PC registers and performs functions of extended process operator panel. The paper deals with the research and analysis of the process visualization system SCADA and its application in JSC Rēzeknes siltumtīkli to improve the performance quality.
MARKETING TECHNOLOGIES FOR AUDIENCES’ SELECTION IN “FACEBOOK”
Authors: Ameļko Arita , Stanka Agnese , Kotāne Inta
Published: September 2024

This research work is described as direct marketing (micro targeting) strategies are used in "Facebook" social network to target ads only to people who are potential customers. The research consists of 2 parts - theoretical and practical. The first part of the research summarizes the social network "Facebook" offer to audience about selection tools, and how they can be used. The second part of the research has been carried out "Facebook" users surveying to determine whether the users interviewed have ever responded to "Facebook" ads, and what is their attitude to such advertising optimization in social network. Main part of research consists of 3 sections.
POWER2GAS IN GERMANY – TECHNOLOGY AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Hansen Lisa Christin , Bojahr Philipp , Timmerberg Josef
Published: September 2024

For the future, Germany banks on renewable energy. That bears a challenge, because this energy generation heavily depends on climate conditions. Therefore, a proper storage technology is needed to ensure the energy supply all over the year. Furthermore, the expansion of renewable power plants and the power grid expansion advance in different pace. The power grid operators have to react with feed-in management actions to safe the grid against overloading. As a consequence, operators have to switch off some of their windmills if the wind blows to strong. Suitable storage technologies will help to avoid shutting down renewable power plants to generate the full energy potential. A promising technology is Power2Gas. These facilities transform electrical energy into gas, which could be stored in the huge German gas network.
HUFFMAN COMPRESSION ALGORITHM
Authors: Kairišs Edgars , Kijaško Mihails
Published: September 2024

In modern IT world, we are returning to the problem of low storage space. May be typically users do not see this problem and still there is more data that companies collect and should store. In this work author analyzed Huffman compression algorithm it’s effectiveness, working principles and examples of usage.
THE OPPORTUNITIES OF CAMBRIDGE ANALYTICA DEVELOPED TECHNOLOGY IN EUROPE AND LATVIA
Authors: Kudiņa Ilze , Mežinska Liene , Smirnova Jeļena , Grabusts Pēteris
Published: September 2024

The aim of the paper is to research and analyse Cambridge Analytica developed technology opportunities in Europe and Latvia. To reach this goal authors gathered and analysed literature sources, and statistical data, and drew conclusions. Cambridge Analytica technologies provide both opportunity for development as well as poses a threat to Europe and Latvia. Based on OCEAN personality model, Big data and microtargeting opportunities, Cambridge Analytica developed a quantitative data processing tool that analyses given data and provides personality profile. Statistical data about Internet usage in Europe in 2015 and 2016 shows that the amount of internet users is constantly growing. The same applies to Latvia, furthermore the amount of worldwide Internet site usage in Latvia is growing as well, allowing for more data gathering and less privacy protecting regulations restrictions. Cambridge Analytica developed technologies enable microtargeting usage in Latvia to provide more efficient and cost-effective marketing in electronic environment to the economically active population of Latvia.