bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN TEPUNG DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba L) DALAM PAKAN PEMBESARAN KEPITING BAKAU, Scylla olivacea
Authors: Kamaruddin Kamaruddin , Usman Usman , Laining Asda
Published: January 2018

Salah satu bahan nabati yang perlu dievaluasi sebagai bahan pakan untuk kepiting bakau adalah daun murbei yang mengandung protein cukup tinggi dan hormone ecdisterone yang penting untuk proses molting krustase. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan dosis optimum penggunaan tepung daun murbei dalam pakan pembesaran kepiting bakau, Scylla olivacea. Juvenil kepiting bakau yang digunakan terdiri atas 3 kelompok ukuran bobot yaitu (i) 36±1,9 g; (ii) 45±1,5 g; dan (iii) 63±3,9 g. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah enam pakan dengan kandungan tepung daun murbei yang berbeda yaitu: 0%(DM0); 10% (DM10); 12,5% (DM12,5); 15% (DM15); 17,5% (DM17,5); dan 20% (DM20). Wadah penelitian yang digunakan berupa kotak kepiting (crab box) sebanyak 90 buah, diisi sebanyak 1 ekor/boks, dan didisain dengan rancangan acak kelompok. Pemberian pakan uji dilakukan dua kali sehari pukul 08.00 dan pukul 17.00 sebanyak 3-4% dari biomassa per hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan spesifik (bobot, lebar karapas, dan panjang karapas), serta sintasan kepiting, rasio konversi pakan, dan efisiensi protein pakan, tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) antar perlakuan. Namun kandungan tepung daun murbei dalam pakan di atas 15% menurunkan nilai koefisien kecernaan total pakan, dan kandungan tepung murbei di atas 17,5% menurunkan nilai kecernaan protein pakan. Berdasarkan respon pertumbuhan dan nilai kecernaan pakan, tepung daun murbei dapat dimanfaatkan hingga 15% dalam pakan pembesaran kepiting bakau.One of plant ingredients suitable to be evaluated as a feed ingredient for mud crab is mulberry leaves which contains protein and ecdisteron. The purpose of this study is to obtain the optimum dose of mulberry leaf meal in grow-out diet for mud crab Scylla olivacea. Juvenile mud crabs were used consisting of 3 groups of weight size ie. (i)36±1.9 g; (ii) 45±1.5 g; and (iii) 63±3.9 g. The treatments were six diets containing different levels of mulberry leaf at 0% (DM0); 10% (DM10); 12,5% (DM12,5); 15% (DM15); 17,5% (DM17,5); and 20% (DM20). The experiment was conducted using 90 crab boxes with a density of 1 individual/box. Feeding was applied twice a day at 08.00 and 17.00 with the rate of 3-4% of biomass per day. The results showed that the specific growth rates (weight, carapace width, and carapace length) and survival rate of crab, feed conversion ratio, and feed protein efficiency were not significantly different (P>0.05) among the treatments. However, mulberry leaf meal content above 15% in the diet decreased the apparent digestibility coefficient of dry matter (total) diet, and mulberry leaf meal content above of 17.5% decreased the apparent digestibility coefficient of protein diets. Based on the growth response and the apparent digestibility coefficient of the test diets, mulberry leaf meal can be utilized up to 15% in diet for mud crab grow-out.
Evaluation of reinforcement layout on the serviceability of MSE walls supporting footings
Authors: Xie Yonggui , Satyal Sagar Raj , Leshchinsky Ben
Published: January 2018

Mechanically stabilised earth (MSE) walls are becoming an increasingly common means of supporting footings, particularly those that support bridge superstructures. A verified numerical model employing finite-element (FE) analysis was used to investigate the influence of non-uniform reinforcement spacing on the performance of footing surcharged MSE walls. The effects of reinforcement density were evaluated under two scenarios: a ‘top-down’ approach where reinforcement spacing density is progressively increased from the top of the wall downwards and a ‘bottom-up’ approach where the spacing density is progressively increased from the toe of the wall upwards. Lateral deformation of the wall face, footing settlement and reinforcement strain were evaluated for varying conditions. Moreover, the development of shear mechanisms within the reinforced soil was evaluated. For MSE walls supporting footings, placement of closely spaced reinforcements in the upper portion of the wall was found to be more beneficial. Alternatively, when MSE walls do not support any surcharge, placing dense reinforcement near the toe is the most beneficial. Tailoring reinforcement spacing to MSE wall function can result in economic benefits by reducing the required bridge deck length or reducing the required reinforcement quantities. This study quantified the impacts of reinforcement configuration on service-state behaviour.
Self-supply – a cost-effective rural water option for the hard to reach
Authors: Sutton Sally
Published: January 2018

As coverage with improved water supply increases, those left behind are increasingly those most expensive to serve – households in remote areas and/or with low-density populations. Globally these are more and more resorting to their own solutions (self-supply) but in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) suffer from non-existent public and private sector services to ensure good standards. A few SSA countries are now developing such support services, realising that without including self-supply, universal coverage (SDG 6.1) cannot be achieved. Supporting self-supply cost-effectively leverages additional funds from households, builds up sustainable services with improved local technical and business skills for those by-passed by community water supplies (CWS). It is a complementary approach focussing on incremental improvements, rather than just a single donor-dependent solution. Piloting and going-to-scale show a win-win situation for local rural inhabitants and also for governments. Engineers should consider promoting self-financed supply improvements, particularly where low user numbers make CWS un-affordably expensive.
Fisheries education in Sri Lanka: current status, constraints and future outlook
Authors: Herath Tharindu Nimantha , Radampola Kumudu
Published: January 2018

Sustainable utilization of the fishery resources along with manpower is one of the most important aspects of fisheries science. Although a huge manpower is available in the fisheries sector, lapses in knowledge also prevalent in various subsections of fishery related occupations. In this scenario, this paper attempts to evaluate the various levels of fisheries education in Sri Lanka. It has been observed that clear demarcation of the level of fisheries education such as undergraduate, postgraduate, and basic level exists in Sri Lanka. Although a low level of student enrolment, university education of fisheries and aquaculture is at satisfactory level. Expansion of fisheries education for basic levels such as education of fisherwomen needs to be improved. Scientific dissemination of knowledge by published works such as journals should further be expanded and indexing of those journals in reputable and reliable databases is needed. Several constraints in Sri Lankan fisheries education such as inadequate funding, low level of student enrolment, quality of the students and less cooperation with industries etc. were also identified. Therefore, finding possible solutions to these issues is necessary to ensure the quality of the education in Sri Lanka.
Emocionar-se no MCT-PUCRS
Authors: Da Silva Alice Petry
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo consiste em apresentar uma narrativa de uma saída de campo pelos bolsistas da pesquisa intitulada “Na ponta dos dedos: o iPad como instrumento complexo de cognição/subjetivação”, ao MCT-PUCRS (Museu de Ciências e Tecnologias das PUCRS), com 4 crianças diagnosticadas com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Através do projeto utilizamos o iPad para o acoplamento dos sujeitos com a realidade. Neste passeio especificamente, nossas percepções se deram em relação às emoções que os sujeitos demonstraram frente as suas descobertas durante a visitação as dependências do museu. Nesta escrita abordaremos as emoções disparadas durante a vivência destas crianças em um ambiente novo e desafiador para elas.
Rede Urbana do Vale do Rio Pardo: o desenvolvimento e a influência das cidades
Authors: Kummer Débora Cristiele , Lima da Silveira Rogerio Leandro
Published: January 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo observar e analisar, no período de 1990 a 2014, a importância e o papel das cidades médias e da rede urbana no desenvolvimento territorial, na escala da região do Vale do Rio Pardo (VRP). Este trabalho integra a pesquisa “Análise de Dinâmica e Transformações Recentes da Rede Urbana do Vale do Rio Pardo” que se vincula ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional (PPGDR-UNISC), no âmbito do Observatório do Desenvolvimento Regional (OBSERVA-DR). A abordagem metodológica é qualitativa e envolveu inicialmente a revisão bibliográfica em relação aos conceitos de território, região, rede urbana e divisão territorial do trabalho, bem como sobre o processo de desenvolvimento urbano e regional do Vale do Rio Pardo-RS. Posteriormente, fez-se o levantamento, organização, e sistematização dos dados secundários referente a população e fluxos de capitais existentes entre as cidades da região. Com isso, apresentar-se-á como resultados o sistema viário multimodal, a população urbana e a taxa de urbanização, a população economicamente ativa por setor de atividade, a distribuição das agências e dos postos bancários e, por fim, a região de influência do Vale do Rio Pardo-RS.
The interaction of homophthalic anhydride with (triphenylphosphoranylidene)acetates
Authors: Shablykin Oleh , Merzhyievsky Daniil , Shablykina Olga
Published: January 2018

In the study of the interaction of homo­phthalic anhydride and methyl (triphenyl­phosphoranylidene)­acetate, along with (1-oxo-1H-isochromen-3‑yl)acetate obtaining, two minor products – (1,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-yl)acetate and 2‑((1‑oxo-1H-isochromen-3-yl)methyl)benzoic acid – had been isolated. The action of tert‑butyl (triphenyl­phosphoranylidene)­acetate on homo­phthalic anhydride didn’t lead to Wittig reaction; the encumbered ylide demonstrated only its basicity, and products of homo­phthalic anhydride self-condensation – 2‑((1‑oxo-1H-isochromen-3-yl)methyl)-benzoic acid and 12-hydroxy-5H-dibenzo[c,g]chromen-5-one – were formed.
Entrevista a Marina Subirats
Authors: Sánchez Bello Ana , Iglesias Galdo Ana
Published: January 2018

Entrevista a Marina Subirats Martoni, Catedrática Emérita de Sociología en la Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona. Especialista en sociología de la educación y estudios de género.
Estudio descriptivo de la mortalidad neonatal en un Hospital Institucional
Authors: Pérez Díaz Roberto , Rosas Lozano Ada Lilí , Islas Ruz Félix Gilberto , Baltazar Merino Rosa Nimbe , Mata Miranda María del Pilar
Published: January 2018

ANTECEDENTES: la mortalidad neonatal se define como el número de recién nacidos que mueren antes de alcanzar los 28 días de edad. En México, la tasa es del 41% del total de defunciones de menores de cinco años.OBJETIVO: determinar las características de la mortalidad neonatal en un Hospital Institucional.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, de todos los neonatos muertos del año 2008 al 2012, en nuestra institución. Identificamos las defunciones por medio del registro de la Jefatura de Pediatría de nuestra institución y obtuvimos los datos de los expedientes clínicos de neonatos que murieron durante el período entre 2008 y 2012. Excluimos aquellos expedientes incompletos o extraviados. Las variables estudiadas fueron género, peso al nacer, edad gestacional, causa de muerte, comorbilidades, control prenatal, antecedentes de muerte neonatal y patología gestacional. Analizamos con estadística descriptiva. RESULTADOS: hubo 308 defunciones neonatales. La edad gestacional al nacimiento fue de 30 ± 5 semanas (media y desviación estándar); el peso en gramos de 1944 ± 990. La causa principal de mortalidad fue inmadurez extrema en 19% (58) seguida de asfixia neonatal con 13% (41). CONCLUSIÓN: las principales características de la mortalidad neonatal encontradas en este estudio son semejantes a las reportadas en la literatura, considerando que la inmadurez extrema y prematurez son las características en las que se presentó mayor mortalidad debemos incidir a través del adecuado control prenatal.
Los desastres naturales: el rol del pediatra
Authors: Loredo Abdalá Arturo , Román-Olmos Juan Alan , Tello-Ríos Jesús Daniel , Ramírez Angoa Leslie , Casas Muñoz Abigail
Published: January 2018

¿Es factible que los médicos pediatras puedan intervenir orientando a los papás de sus pacientes o a cualquier persona sobre alguna de las diversas estrategias que se requieren para alcanzar los acuerdos y la reconstrucción de los daños causados por los sismos, terremotos, huracanes e inundaciones como los que en meses previos afectaron a Chiapas, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Morelos, Puebla y la Ciudad de México?
Constipation Frequency and Factors Influencing Constipation in First-year Nursing Students
Authors: Pallos Aylin
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to determine constipation frequency and the factors that influence constipation among first-year nursing students. Data collection form and the constipation severity instrument were used for data collection. A total of 149 students, with mean average age of 19.11 ± 1.55 participated in the study; 62.4% was female and 24.2% of the students were constipated. Straining (16.1%) and difficulty (15.4%) during defecation was stressed by some of the students. The constipation complaints were pain (41.7%) and abdominal distention (25%). The mean score of the constipation severity instrument was 27.24 ± 8.38 (obstructive defecation 13.83 ± 3.90, colonic inertia 11.00 ± 4.11 and pain 2.40 ± 2.08).Gender, exercising, lifestyle, number of meals and the consumption of liquids influenced the constipation severity. Implementing programmes to prevent constipation may help in reducing the severity of the problem. Keywords: Constipation, influencing factors, nursing students
Evaluation of Complaints Notified to Private Hospitals in Ankara Province
Authors: Karaagac Canan
Published: January 2018

Depending on increasing interest in patient rights and innovations in medicine, the expectations of patients and value judgements change. This study aimed to examine the development process of private health services in Turkey and evaluate the problems and complaints about the services provided in these hospitals. In this context, the formal complaints to private hospitals in Ankara and applications made on the Internet were examined. The complaint data taken from the Ankara Provincial Health Directorate in 2013–2015 were analysed and 15 complaints were qualitatively examined. Evaluations were made by categorising the private hospitals and clinics and subcategories of data belonging to ‘sikayetvar.com.tr’, the biggest Internet complaint platform of Turkey. It was determined that the most problem was about wages, followed by patient rights, emergency services and medical errors. Most of the complaints in private hospitals were of doctors, and 57% of the complainants were women. Keywords: Hospitals, medical errors, patient rights, Turkey.
Lay-leds as Educators: A self-Management Educational Programme for Adolescents with Chronic Conditions
Authors: Malheiro Maria Isabel Dias Costa
Published: January 2018

Current health guidelines aim to increase the responsibility of people with chronic conditions to self-care. Literature studies highlight educational programmes for self-management of chronic conditions as a holistic approach, involving special health needs and emotional, psychological and social needs. Lorig and Holman (with adults and the elderly population) and Malheiro (with adolescent’s with spina bifida) have proposed self-management educational programmes, using ‘Lay-leds’, as mentors on programmes. These programmes have proven effective, with positive health outcomes, such as improvement on adherence to therapy, functionality and decrease of use of emergency services and hospitalisations and reducing health costs. Thus, we propose to adapt and implement this education programme for self-management of adolescents with diabetes type 1, using Lay-leds as educators, and evaluate their effectiveness on self-management competences, quality of life, self-efficacy, physical activity motivation, self-concept, HbA1c, variability in heart rate, blood pressure, body mass index and anthropometric profile. Keywords: Self-management programme, adolescents, chronic conditions, Lay-leds.
Improving Sports Technique of Jaeger Salto on Uneven Bars Based on Biomechanical Indicators
Authors: Vladimir Potop
Published: January 2018

This paper aims at improvement of key sports technique elements using kinematic and dynamic indicators of Jaeger salto on uneven bars during the training stages. The methods used in this research include analysis of the literature; evaluation of techniques of gymnastics exercises using algorithmic structural–systemic analysis of movement; video-computerised methods using ‘Pinnacle Studio’, ‘Kinovea’ and ‘Physics ToolKit’; movement postural orientation and evaluation of sports technique with complex coordination of movement structure; linear-branched programming of learning and improvement; and the ‘KyPlot’ program. Correlative analysis of the indicators of Jaeger salto and performances by 12–15-year-old gymnasts highlighted the connection between the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of sports techniques and the scores in competitions. Video-computerised methods, the method of movement postural orientation and algorithmic analysis of sports technique of Jaeger salto on uneven bars contributed to effective development of long-term learning programmes, improvement of technical execution and achievement of better performances. Keywords: Gymnastics, uneven bars, biomechanics, key elements, long-term programmes of learning, performance.
The care innovation and transformation program
Authors: Kalav Simge
Published: January 2018

The Center for Care Innovation and Transformation is the laboratory that leaders improve the ability sets needed to style new care models. The Care Innovation and Transformation Program is a conniving, workshop-style of series of lectures and training modules conducted by The American Organization of Nurse Executives designed to assist nursing unit leaders and their staff improve patient care, hospital performance, and employee engagement. The Care Innovation and Transformation program teaches nurses and interdisciplinary teams how to make innovation, how to improve healing and how to measure change and strengthens the organization. The Care Innovation and Transformation program encourages health professionals to improve the quality of care and empowers staff to apply these innovations. It also develops the responsibility and accountability of nursing practices. Some of the benefits of the program include shortening of the time of transfer from the emergency unit to the inpatient clinic, reduction in falls, improvement in nurse-patient communication, and reduced working hours. This review was carried out in order to introduce The Care Innovation and Transformation Program.  Keywords: Care; innovation; program
Design and production of a demountable modular infusion pump
Authors: Gok Metin Zehra
Published: January 2018

The study aimed to produce a new pump with different and improved features and included three phases. In phase one, we collected the views of 40 nurses on pumps available in the market. In phase two, a pump was designed and a prototype was produced. In phase three, 10 nurses used and evaluated the prototype. The prototype combined three intravenous infusion pumps and one enteral pump in a single machine. Nurses assessed the prototype in a practice laboratory. All nurses found prototype very adequate with respect to carrying and installing. 90% of nurses found the prototype very adequate and practical in general. Moreover, the majority (80%) stated that the prototype produced less noise than the available pumps in the market.  Keywords: Nurse; design; infusion pump; enteral nutrition; patient safety.
Technophobia among middle-aged and older adults in Latvia: A pilot study
Authors: ZariÅ†a Ilona
Published: January 2018

This study examined levels of technophobia in a sample of 124 middle â€“ aged and older adults who  were Vidzeme region residents in Latvia. Technophobia was assessed using Rosen and Weil's Measuring Technophobia Instruments, which determine anxiety, cognitions and attitudes towards computer technology. Technophobia levels were tested for differences between  the middle-adults and older adults, and the genders. By analyzing the correlation coefficient between women got the data that between age and anxiety, thoughts and attitudes there are weak positive and statistically significant correlation. Between men statistically significant correlation was obtained only between age and anxiety, but between age and the age and thoughts and attitudes were no statistically significant correlation. In Latvia is not carried out such a study. Keywords: Middle-aged and older adults; aging; technology use; technophobia; technophobia test.
Effect of work status on healthy life style among staffs of Kufa University
Authors: Kanim Murtada
Published: January 2018

This study aims to determine the effect of the work status on the healthy lifestyle among staffs of Kufa university, An correlation descriptive design is carried out through the present study in order to achieve the early stated objectives. The period of study is from 1 Feb. 2016 to 20 April 2016, A non-probability (convenience sample) of (100) employee in university of Kufa. Result: the result of study shows the majority result for age 30-39 years with (41%), regarding the gender (67%) for female, level of education more than half sample study university level with (51%), and for work status the majority result for part-time with (64%), the body mass index table that most of the study sample were to have over weight (52%), The results of the stress table show for the first item of the majority was no (66%), item two was majority Yes (63%), item three the majority result for no (85%), item fourth majority result for no (88%), item five the majority for no(95%),item six the majority result no (80%),item seven no(65%),item eight the majority for no (58%), item nine the majority for no (52%).The study concluded that the work status affects the employee life style and this effect present through the studied life style domains and the study findings reveal that there is a deficit in the employee compliance with life style measures. And itâ€™s recommended further studies should be conducted to involve a large sample in a national level to make the results more generalizable. And a mass media should be used to increase the employee knowledge about the importance of improving the life style and quality of life through health promotion, health protection, and disease prevention strategies.              

Keywords: Life style; staff; work status.
Epileptic patient self-care deficit and efficacy expectation regarding medication consumption at neuroscience center in Al-Najaf city
Authors: Ali Hayder Ibrahim
Published: January 2018

Epilepsy means a chronic neurological disorder which is expressing by frequently unprovoked seizure attacks , this sign is commonly controlling by antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), the frequency of seizure attacks may be controlled by following the optimal self-care practices and avoiding factors that trigger the seizure and increase the frequency of its attacks (Callaghan P. and Waldock H., 2006).  Middle East contains about 10% of 50 million patients suffering of epilepsy in the world (WHO, 2011). The main objective of those patients is to control the seizure by using efficient ADEs in right way . Assessing epileptic patient's self-care deficit and efficacy expectation regarding medication consumption in Middle Euphrates Neuroscience center. Quasi- experimental design used to detect the epileptic patient's problem toward medication consumption maintenance, purposive sample from (57) epileptic patients how visit outpatient were selected, the sample divided in to control and experimental group after obtaining their agreement to participate in this study, pretest performed to assess patients self â€“care deficit and their need for specific  information related to medication , while post-test performed to assess the  effectiveness of the educational program sessions upon patients information related to medication in order  to control reduce epileptic attacks which may enhanced their efficacy and promote patients quality of  life after presentation of two educational sessions extended to two days to enhance patients information and improve their practices.Self-care practices deficit presented in the pre-test among the study sample, while highly significant difference recorded upon self â€“care practices among the experimental group member after the educational sessions Structured educational program should be planned by specialist nurse in the health care center to cover epileptic patients' needs and improve self-care practices.  Keywords: Epileptic patient; self-care deficit and efficacy and medication consumption.
Death anxiety in old individuals and factors affecting depression level related with death
Authors: Alici Cennet Busra
Published: January 2018

This descriptive, cross-sectional study was designed with the objective to determine the factors affecting the death anxiety and deathrelated depression in elderly people. This study was carried out with the participation of 185 elderly persons, who applied to a family health center between 5th October and 22nd December 2016, were able to communicate with us and volunteered for the participation. The data for the study was obtained with a questionnaire, which constituted of 21 questions, and with the Death Anxiety and Death-related Depression Scales. Death Anxiety Scale was developed by Templer and adapted by Åženol to the Turkish language. The scale consists of 15 items. Score range of this scale changes between 0 â€“ 15. Higher scores are interpreted as higher death anxiety and a score of 7 or greater is considered as having anxiety. Death Depression Scale was developed by Templer and his colleagues and adapted by Yaparel to the Turkish language. This scale consists of 17 items. The lowest and highest scores in this scale are 0 and 17. It has been interpreted as the following: the higher the score the higher is the death-related depression level. For the evaluation of the data, percentage calculation, one-way ANOVA, T-test and Tukey test were used. 48.9% of the participants were female and 51.1% male; 37.2% were illiterate, 39.4% were housewives, 36.1% were married, 53.9% had a balanced budget, 70.6% had social security insurance, , 73.3% had a chronic disease, 76.1% used regularly medication. Their mean age was 74.4Â±8.2 years. The mean scores of death anxiety and the death depression scales were 7.3Â±1.7 and 8.1Â±1.6 respectively. It was observed that the total score of the death anxiety and death depression scales changed in some elder persons according to the sociodemographic and clinical properties. 

Keywords: Death, anxiety, elderliness, depression, fear
МЕТОДИЧКИ ПРИСТУП ДРАМИ "КОШТАНА" БОРИСАВА СТАНКОВИЋА
Authors: Булатовић Веселин Р.
Published: January 2018

Предмет рада „Методички приступ драми Коштана Борисава Станковића“ подразумијева свеобухватно сагледавање драме и изналажење методичких приступа у тумачењу њене тематске, естетске, стилске и идејне структуре. У методичкој теорији и пракси, како код нас, тако и у свијету, постоји читав низ поступака који се примјењују у тумачењу књижевног дјела. Кроз примијењени методички поступак наглашен је значај овог жанра у савременом тренутку науке о књижевности и у наставној пракси, то јест потврђена је чињеница да без изграђеног методичког система нема успјешног увођења ученика у свијет конкретног књижевног дјела, као ни разумијевања и изграђивања афинитета према књижевној умјетности. Добро осмишљен методички приступ обезбјеђује успјех у тумачењу књижевног дјела и ствара неопходне претпоставке за даље свестрано изграђивање и образовање ученика. На тај начин ученици се оспособљавају да самостално улазе у свијет књижевног дјела, да логички размишљају и доносе сопствене закључке и судове.
Efeitos de sentido em cartuns: sujeito e consumo da/na rede eletrônica
Authors: Romão Lucília Maria Sousa , Galli Fernanda Correa Silveira
Published: January 2018

No presente artigo, buscamos interpretar, à luz da teoria da Análise do Discurso pecheuxtiana, os efeitos de sentido de cartuns publicados na edição 53 da Revista Piauí (formato digital), de fevereiro de 2011, sob o título “A nada mole vida depois da popularização da internet”. Situamos essa materialidade significante no campo das relações entre o linguístico e o histórico, e consideramos, ainda, que esses dizeres se constituem no atravessamento do “já-lá”, tal como coloca Pêcheux (1995). Dito de outro modo, é no imbricamento entre o dito (fio do discurso) e o já-dito (fio da memória) que percebemos os deslizamentos de sentidos e os movimentos do sujeito, o que nos move a refletir sobre o consumo da/na rede eletrônica.
O inglês na rua, na avenida, na cidade: uma análise discursiva sobre a língua inglesa no espaço urbano brasileiro
Authors: Mota Ilka de Oliveira
Published: January 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo fundamental analisar o processo de significação que tece um outdoor de uma escola de idiomas que circulou nas ruas e avenidas brasileiras. Trata-se de um texto que pertence ao discurso publicitário assinado por uma escola de inglês renomada. Para a análise em questão, apoiar-nos-emos no aparato teórico-metodológico da Análise de Discurso, mobilizando noções teóricas que permitam a compreensão do funcionamento discursivo e as representações imaginarias sobre inglês que emergem dele.
Diante da Lei: aflição e aprisionamento ao processo
Authors: Schons Carme Regina , Paula Lucas Frederico Andrade de
Published: January 2018

Este estudo discursivo do conto de Franz Kafka, intitulado “Diante da Lei”, objetiva analisar diferentes gestos de interpretação, com o intuito de traçar um paralelo discursivo entre o citado conto e uma notícia do jornal Estadão sobre o modo como os brasileiros obtêm acesso à justiça. Nosso interesse é chamar atenção para tal fato e refletir sobre diferentes formulações que se cruzam em outros discursos – via discurso-transverso, que remete a algo de outro discurso e que ressoa no intradiscurso, como um implícito do que foi dito em outro lugar. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados visam identificar marcas discursivas que tracem o percurso judicial do conto até à notícia do referido jornal, para ser entendido na contemporaneidade. De acordo com Pêcheux (1995), o discurso-transverso aparece de forma não explícita, é espécie de presençaausente. Constitui-se pelo atravessamento do interdiscurso que o caracteriza, heterogeneamente, como dispositivo organizador de pré-construídos. Com tal efeito de memória, é possível abordar o conto literário, juntamente com o recorte noticioso, se utilizarmos uma concepção discursiva para a análise. O corpus da pesquisa revela similaridades importantes que podem ser expostas metodologicamente, por exemplo: aquele que aguarda uma sentença crime, e aquele que acaba por cumprir uma espécie de pena.
Quando os espaços se fecham para o equívoco
Authors: Lagazzi Suzy
Published: January 2018

Neste artigo retomo o equívoco na relação com o acontecimento discursivo para discutir a estabilização de sentidos no social. Tenho como ancoragem analítica o filme Era uma vez..., que tematiza as contingências que cercam o sujeito na dicotomia entre o Morro do Canta Galo e o Bairro de Ipanema. Na não-escuta entre os dois espaços focalizo o funcionamento da antecipação, buscando compreender a reiteração da previsibilidade das interpretações.
Memória e movimento no espaço da cidade: para uma abordagem discursiva das ambiências urbanas
Authors: Rodríguez-Alcalá Carolina
Published: January 2018

Neste texto apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no quadro do projeto de cooperação internacional cujo objeto foi promover uma discussão interdisciplinar sobre a noção de ambiência urbana a partir de um estudo de campo realizado no espaço público de cinco cidades, a saber, Paris, Bonn, Varsóvia, Tunes e São Paulo. Participaram do projeto especialistas dos campos da arquitetura, do urbanismo, da sociologia, da geografia, da psicologia ambiental, da saúde pública e dos estudos da linguagem, mais especificamente da análise do discurso (doravante AD), campo no qual nos inscrevemos. Propomos, em primeiro lugar, algumas relações que podem ser estabelecidas, do ponto de vista epistemológico, entre a fenomenologia que sustenta a abordagem das ambiências no campo dos estudos urbanos e o dispositivo da AD, para esboçarmos, em seguida, algumas aproximações teóricas e conceituais que a análise de nosso corpus permitirá esclarecer. Mobilizaremos, em termos analíticos, a oposição público/privado, enquanto distinção histórica que dá uma configuração particular ao espaço produzido e às formas de sociabilidade estabelecidas na assim chamada tradição ocidental. A análise, através da noção de memória discursiva, de como tal oposição opera no espaço estudado, determinando a percepção do movimento, poderá contribuir para compreender o que há de comum e o que há de específico nos modos de habitar característicos das cidades brasileiras quando confrontados às outras realidades urbanas que foram objeto de estudo nesta pesquisa.
As ruas comerciais, o consumo e a vida social urbana: o universo dos ateliês da Rua Dias Ferreira
Authors: Corrêa Sílvia Borges
Published: January 2018

Neste artigo procura-se descrever as práticas de comercialização, de consumo e de sociabilidade presentes na Rua Dias Ferreira, rua da cidade do Rio de Janeiro que se destaca pela presença de ateliês de moda feminina. Balizado por uma pesquisa etnográfica, o estudo se insere na perspectiva antropológica do consumo e, portanto, lança luz aos aspectos de linguagem coletiva, de comunicação e de classificação social presentes nas práticas comerciais que ali se desenrolam.
FICA na rua: arte, cultura e poéticas de apropriação de espaço urbano
Authors: Nunes Junior Paulo Cezar , Batista Janir Coutinho
Published: January 2018

A partir das experiências vivenciadas no Festival Integrado de Cultura e Arte (FICA), realizado em Itajubá e cidades vizinhas no sul de Minas Gerais, pretendemos evidenciar a cidade como lugar de lazeres e espaço para multiplicidades de relações. Será abordada a questão da apropriação, do encontro entre o sujeito/espaço e de possíveis fazeres artísticos que permitem questionar paradigmas preestabelecidos e reconfigurar o olhar sobre os espaços públicos de grande circulação.
Reportagem e folhetinismo: narrativas infames como poder finalista
Authors: Marcelino Rodrigo
Published: January 2018

A partir de um deslocamento da crítica à literatura pela ciência sociológica e da história pelo critério etnológico, traços típicos do jornalismo e do folhetinismo passam a concorrer com a reportagem. Desde Brito Broca (1956), a tese do encontro do cronismo de Paulo Barreto (1881-1921) com a reportagem é vulgarizada. Atribuímos essa aproximação à reportagem de Ernesto Senna (1858-1913), por meio da qual o espaço disciplinar e o corpo do povo são analisados como uma ordem finalista do discurso.
Hybrid GA-PSO Optimization of Artificial Neural Network for Forecasting Electricity Demand
Authors: Anand Atul , Suganthi L
Published: January 2018

In the present study, a hybrid optimizing algorithm has been proposed using Genetic Algorithm (GA)and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to improve the estimation of electricity demand of the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The GA-PSO model optimizes the coefficients of factors of gross state domestic product (GSDP) , electricity consumption per capita, income growth rate and consumer price index (CPI) that affect the electricity demand. Based on historical data of 25 years from 1991 till 2015, the simulation results of GA-PSO models are having greater accuracy and reliability than single optimization methods based on either PSO or GA. The forecasting results of ANN-GA-PSO are better than models based on single optimization such as ANN-BP, ANN-GA, ANN-PSO models. Further the paper also forecasts the electricity demand of Tamil Nadu based on two scenarios. First scenario is the “as-it-is” scenario, the second scenario is based on milestones set for achieving goals of “Vision 2023” document for the state. The present research also explores the causality between the economic growth and electricity demand in case of Tamil Nadu. The research indicates that a direct causality exists between GSDP and the electricity demand of the state.
Work as an Inclusive Part of Population Health Inequities Research and Prevention
Authors: Ahonen Emily Quinn , Fujishiro Kaori , Cunningham Thomas , Flynn Michael
Published: January 2018

Despite its inclusion in models of social and ecological determinants of health, work has not been explored in most health inequity research in the United States. Leaving work out of public health inequities research creates a blind spot in our understanding of how inequities are created and impedes our progress toward health equity. We first describe why work is vital to our understanding of observed societal-level health inequities.

Next, we outline challenges to incorporating work in the study of health inequities, including (1) the complexity of work as a concept; (2) work’s overlap with socioeconomic position, race, ethnicity, and gender; (3) the development of a parallel line of inquiry into occupational health inequities; and (4) the dearth of precise data with which to explore the relationships between work and health status.

Finally, we summarize opportunities for advancing health equity and monitoring progress that could be achieved if researchers and practitioners more robustly include work in their efforts to understand and address health inequities.
Universal Lead Screening Requirement: A California Case Study
Authors: McMenamin Sara B. , Hiller Sarah P. , Shigekawa Erin , Melander Troy , Shimkhada Riti
Published: January 2018

Objectives. To estimate potential impacts of California Assembly Bill (AB) 1316: a requirement for universal screening and insurance coverage for child blood lead testing.

Methods. In April 2017 the California Health Benefits Review Program (Oakland, CA) analyzed AB 1316 for the California legislature, including a systematic review of lead screening effectiveness, commercial insurer surveys regarding screening coverage, and actuarial utilization and cost implication assessments.

Results. Universal screening requirements would increase child lead testing by 273%, raise affected populations’ premiums by 0.0043%, and detect an additional 4777 exposed children 1 year after implementation.

Conclusions. The evidence for a net societal benefit of universal screening approach is limited and is not supported by prominent medical professional groups.

Public Health Implications. California expanded targeted screening to identify additional children at higher risk for lead poisoning on the basis of California-specific risk factors, while mitigating the potential harms of universal screening such as an increase in false positive tests and health care costs.
Cost-Effectiveness of Capping Freeways for Use as Parks: The New York Cross-Bronx Expressway Case Study
Authors: Kim Sooyoung , Zafari Zafar , Bellanger Martine , Muennig Peter Alexander
Published: January 2018

Objectives. To examine health benefits and cost-effectiveness of implementing a freeway deck park to increase urban green space.

Methods. Using the Cross-Bronx Expressway in New York City as a case study, we explored the cost-effectiveness of implementing deck parks. We built a microsimulation model that included increased exercise, fewer accidents, and less pollution as well as the cost of implementation and maintenance of the park. We estimated both the quality-adjusted life years gained and the societal costs for 2017.

Results. Implementation of a deck park over sunken parts of Cross-Bronx Expressway appeared to save both lives and money. Savings were realized for 84% of Monte Carlo simulations.

Conclusions. In a rapidly urbanizing world, reclaiming green space through deck parks can bring health benefits alongside economic savings over the long term.

Public Health Implications. Policymakers are seeking ways to create cross-sectorial synergies that might improve both quality of urban life and health. However, such projects are very expensive, and there is little information on their return of investment. Our analysis showed that deck parks produce exceptional value when implemented over below-grade sections of road.
Delays in Global Disease Outbreak Responses: Lessons from H1N1, Ebola, and Zika
Authors: Hoffman Steven J. , Silverberg Sarah L.
Published: January 2018

In global disease outbreaks, there are significant time delays between the source of an outbreak and collective action. Some delay is necessary, but recent delays have been extended by insufficient surveillance capacity and time-consuming efforts to mobilize action.

Three public health emergencies of international concern (PHEICs)—H1N1, Ebola, and Zika—allow us to identify and compare sources of delays and consider seven hypotheses about what influences the length of delays. These hypotheses can then motivate further research that empirically tests them. The three PHEICs suggest that deferred global mobilization is a greater source of delay than is poor surveillance capacity. These case study outbreaks support hypotheses that we see quicker responses for novel diseases when outbreaks do not coincide with holidays and when US citizens are infected. They do not support hypotheses that we see quicker responses for more severe outbreaks or those that threaten larger numbers of people.

Better understanding the reason for delays can help target policy interventions and identify the kind of global institutional changes needed to reduce the spread and severity of future PHEICs.
Ethical Issues in Social Media Research for Public Health
Authors: Hunter Ruth F. , Gough Aisling , O’Kane Niamh , McKeown Gary , Fitzpatrick Aine , Walker Tom , McKinley Michelle , Lee Mandy , Kee Frank
Published: January 2018

Social media (SM) offer huge potential for public health research, serving as a vehicle for surveillance, delivery of health interventions, recruitment to trials, collection of data, and dissemination. However, the networked nature of the data means they are riddled with ethical challenges, and no clear consensus has emerged as to the ethical handling of such data.

This article outlines the key ethical concerns for public health researchers using SM and discusses how these concerns might best be addressed. Key issues discussed include privacy; anonymity and confidentiality; authenticity; the rapidly changing SM environment; informed consent; recruitment, voluntary participation, and sampling; minimizing harm; and data security and management.

Despite the obvious need, producing a set of prescriptive guidelines for researchers using SM is difficult because the field is evolving quickly. What is clear, however, is that the ethical issues connected to SM-related public health research are also growing. Most importantly, public health researchers must work within the ethical principles set out by the Declaration of Helsinki that protect individual users first and foremost.
The Effect of Patient Navigation on the Likelihood of Engagement in Clinical Care for HIV-Infected Individuals Leaving Jail
Authors: Myers Janet J. , Kang Dufour Mi-Suk , Koester Kimberly A. , Morewitz Mark , Packard Rebecca , Monico Klein Kate , Estes Milton , Williams Brie , Riker Alissa , Tulsky Jacqueline
Published: January 2018

Objectives. To compare the effectiveness of patient navigation–enhanced case management in supporting engagement in HIV care upon release from jail relative to existing services.

Methods. We randomized 270 HIV-infected individuals to receive navigation-enhanced case management for 12 months or standard case management for 90 days following release from jail between 2010 and 2013. Participants were interviewed at 2, 6, and 12 months after release. We abstracted medical data from jail and city health records.

Results. Patient navigation–enhanced case management resulted in greater linkage to care within 30 days of release (odds ratio [OR] = 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23, 3.75) and consistent retention over 12 months (OR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.11, 3.46). Receipt of treatment for substance use disorders in jail also resulted in early linkage (OR = 4.06; 95% CI = 1.93, 8.53) and retention (OR = 2.52; 95% CI = 1.21, 5.23). Latinos were less likely to be linked to (OR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.14, 0.91) or retained in (OR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.09, 0.82) HIV care.

Conclusions. Patient navigation supports maintaining engagement in care and can mitigate health disparities, and should become the standard of care for HIV-infected individuals leaving jail.
An Evaluation of Industry Relationships Among Contributors to AAOS Clinical Practice Guidelines and Appropriate Use Criteria
Authors: Checketts Jake X. , Cook Courtney , Vassar Matt
Published: January 2018

Background

A long-standing relationship between orthopaedic surgeons and industry has made financial conflicts of interest a concerning issue. Research supports that financial conflicts of interest can influence both medical research and clinical practice. Financial conflicts of interest may also influence clinical practice guideline recommendations and their corresponding appropriate use criteria. Because of the influential nature of these guidelines, it is imperative that care be taken to minimize bias during guideline development.

Methods

We retrieved clinical practice guidelines and their corresponding appropriate use criteria from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery that were published or revised between 2013 and 2016. We extracted industry payments received by physicians using the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payments database. We then evaluated the value and types of these payments. We also used these data to determine whether disclosure statements were accurate and whether guideline development was in adherence with the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM’s) standards.

Results

Of the 106 physicians that were evaluated, 85 (80%) received at least 1 industry payment, 56 (53%) accepted >$1,000, and 35 (33%) accepted >$10,000. Financial payments amounted to a mean of $93,512 per physician. Total reimbursement for the 85 clinical practice guideline and appropriate use criteria contributors was $9,912,309. We found that disclosure statements disagreed with the Open Payments data and that the IOM standards were not completely enforced.

Conclusions

Clinical practice guideline and appropriate use criteria contributors received substantial payments from industry, many disclosure statements were inaccurate, and the IOM standards were not completely met.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical practice guidelines and appropriate use criteria are critical for practicing evidence-based medicine. If financial conflicts of interest are present during their development, it is possible that patient care may be compromised.