bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LIFE AFTER RETIREMENT AND STRUGGLE FOR PENSION IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa, Adewumi Samson
Published: October 2020

Commenting on the significance of pension as a social security measure for cushioning the economic demands that comes with retirement, there are pockets of evidence advancing the commentaries that pension aid in striking an economic balance between the periods of retirement and active service. This statement captures the importance of pension as an essential social security measure. This paper assesses life after retirement and the struggle for pension in Osun State, Nigeria. Previous studies have largely focus on pension policies and reforms, with a scare attention on life after retirement experiences and struggle for pension in Nigeria. The exploratory research design was applied to advance the limit of knowledge on pension and retirement discourse with a total of 28 pensioners selected for interviews through the snowball and convenient recruitment strategies. The Social Contract Theory was utilized to understand major assumptions raised in the study. Findings reveal a number of life after retirement challenges for pensioners including inability to access medical treatment, difficulty in providing for families due to non-payment of pension and strenuous pension verification exercise among others. It was equally shown that the social security responsibilities of the Osun State government towards the welfare of pensioners in the state have been hijacked with political propaganda, while pensioners are left to go through untold hardship. The study recommends for the constitution of a separate pension budget for pension management effectiveness in the state. Lastly, it is recommended that the Osun State government be committed to the well-being of pensioners by avoiding all forms of politicking with the welfare of those who have served the state in various capacities during their active years.
TRADE CREDIT POLICY: REVISITING TARGETING OF TRADE PAYABLES AND RECEIVABLES IN BRICS LISTED FIRMS
Authors:   Durban University of Technology, South Africa, Mugova Shame , Kwenda Farai ,   Eswatini University, Eswatini
Published: October 2020

The study investigates if firms in BRICS countries pursue a target optimal level of trade credit policy. Trade payables levels may not always at the desired levels and firms take time to adjust from real to target levels. The level of financial sector development may influence firms’ speed and cost adjustment. Employing a dynamic panel data model estimated with the difference and system Generalized Method of Moments estimation techniques on a panel of 3353 listed BRICS non-financial firms, the study established that in pursuit of growth opportunities firms have a deliberate trade credit target levels. Firms pursue a target optimal level of trade payables and trade receivables and firm size affects creditworthiness and access to capital markets, which influences speed of adjustment from current to desired levels of trade payables. Investment in trade receivables require access to capital for additional funding and poorly developed financial sectors makes it costly to adjust towards optimal credit level. Different levels of financial sector development affect access to alternative sources capital which influences optimal trade credit policy.
Inequalities in depressive symptoms between natives and immigrants in Europe: the mediating role of social exclusion
Authors: Arias-Uriona Ana Maria , Guillén Natalie
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to analyze inequalities in depressive symptoms between natives and immigrant groups according to their length of residence in Europe, and to test the mediating role of social exclusion in explaining these differences. The study is based on cross-sectional data from the 7th round of the 2014 European Social Survey (sample of 1,792 immigrants and 22,557 native-born Europeans). Dependent variables: self-reported depressive symptoms. Independent variables: immigrant background and social exclusion factors that were classified into four groups. Socially excluded individuals were those less advantaged in each factor. All analyses were stratified by the length of residence. The independent and overall associations between Social Exclusion and health outcomes were examined using binary logistic regression models (OR; IC95%). Immigrants had a higher prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms than natives; those residing in Europe for 1-10 years and > 20 years had the highest prevalence. Multidimensional social exclusion factors analyzed together completely explained these differences for immigrants residing in Europe for 1-10 years and partially for immigrants residing for > 20 years. The economic factors also explained these differences completely for 1-10 years and partially for immigrants residing for > 20 years. Policies should offer migrants the possibility to settle in good social and economic condition, promote efforts to eliminate social exclusion and prevent the associated health inequalities.
Desafios colocados para a clínica psicanalítica (e seu futuro) no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Reflexões a partir de uma experiência clínica
Authors: Capoulade Francisco , Pereira Mário Eduardo Costa
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a implementação de um serviço de atendimento psicanalítico com suporte virtual no contexto nascente da pandemia de COVID-19 e as questões que dessa experiência surgiram, em especial o papel dos corpos e das tecnologias de comunicação na iniciação, manutenção e do final da análise.
Pandemia, necropolítica e o real do desamparo
Authors: Ferrari Ilka Franco , Januzzi Mônica Eulália da Silva , Guerra Andréa Máris Campos
Published: October 2020

O texto aborda a realidade social assolada pelo real que a pandemia de COVID-19 instaurou, considerando de modo mais específico o contexto brasileiro. Seu desenvolvimento reflete sobre os efeitos subjetivos deste contexto, ponderando laços sociais que contam com a circulação da morte, somadas às leis imperiosas e impiedosas do discurso da ciência aliado ao discurso do capitalista e o mercado. A gestão precária da saúde pública, fundamentada numa lógica necropolítica constitui imaginariamente um outro inimigo, que vigora como política de Estado e reduplica o desamparo inerente à condição humana. A conclusão indica que este momento, propício para a pulsão de morte se desvelar, abre portas para transformações na política e para o aparecimento da nobreza humana que vivifica os corpos diante de situações dramáticas, ainda que o real se mantenha no horizonte do mal-estar na civilização.
Das psicoses associadas a infecções no Brasil: 100 anos da contribuição psicopatológica de Antonio Austregésilo
Authors: Dalgalarrondo Paulo , Moraes Mônica Jacques de , Celeri Eloísa Helena Rubello Valler , Santos Júnior Amilton dos
Published: October 2020

No presente trabalho, analisa-se a contribuição do neurologista e neuropsiquiatra Antonio Austregésilo (1876--1960) para o estudo psicopatológico e sistematização das chamadas psicoses infecciosas, no Brasil. Baseando-se em Emil Kraepelin e lançando mão de observações clínicas em doenças infecciosas globais e tropicais, Austregésilo revela detalhado conhecimento clínico e intervém no debate sobre etiologia, especificidades de fatores causais e curso da doença, na fronteira entre as doenças físicas infecciosas e os transtornos mentais.
Anatomy of soft body of Pugilina cochlidium (Linnaeus, 1758) and P. erecta (Vermeij & Raben, 2009) (Neogastropoda: Melongenidae) from Thondi Coast-Palk Bay in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Ríos-Escalante P. De los , Ragunathan C. , Kanagu L. , Stella C.
Published: October 2020

Abstract The species of Pugilina cochlidium (Linnaeus, 1758) and P. erecta (Vermeij & Raben, 2009) has been studied in the present study. The female can be differentiated from the male by the absence of the cephalic penis and a complicated genital aparatus visible through the mantle skirt in both the sexes. In other aspects of the external features of female are quite to males. In both species the digestive system was similar with few differences in structure between each other. It consists of buccal mass, proboscis, salivary glands, accessory salivary glands, oesophagus, stomach, intestine, rectum and anus. The nervous system in both P. cochlidium and P. erecta is constituted by six ganglia which forms the circumoesophgeal ganglionic ring. Among the neogastropods there is a similarity in the organization of the reproductive systems. The female reproductive system is more complicated than that of male. The sexes are separated in these two species. The gross morphology of the reproductive system of P. cochlidium and P. erecta was almost similar. The present study aims to describe the digestive system, nervous system and reproductive system of two gastropods species P. cochlidium and P. erecta.
Análise Descritiva do Perfil dos Alunos do Bacharelado em Física Médica e em Física da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Alvarenga Bruna Lamis , Almeida Rosimary Terezinha de , Gonçalves Odair Dias
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar o perfil dos alunos dos cursos de Bacharelado em Física e em Física Médica do Instituto de Física da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. O período analisado foi de 2011 até 2018, em função de variáveis como: sexo, cor, notas das provas de seleção (ENEM) para entrar na universidade, categoria de entrada (ampla concorrência ou cota), Coeficiente de Rendimento Acumulado (CRA) e notas em Física I, Física II, Cálculo I e Cálculo II. As médias das notas do ENEM para acesso ao curso são diferentes entre dos alunos de Física e de Física Médica (valor p < 2,20e-16), bem como as médias dos CRAs dos alunos ativos dos dois cursos (valor p = 7,47e-8). No entanto, essas diferenças desaparecem entre os alunos que concluíram o curso (valor p = 0,38). Cálculo I e Física I são as disciplinas nas quais os alunos de Física Médica têm desempenho mais baixo, podendo ser um dos fatores que contribuem para a diferença das médias de CRA entre os alunos ativos dos dois cursos. Essa diferença desaparece em Cálculo II e Física II.
Adesão de biofilmes monoespécie de Streptococcus mutans e Candida albicans em diferentes superfícies de resinas compostas convencionais e bulk fill
Authors: BRITO Arella Cristina Muniz , BEZERRA Isis Morais , BORGES Maria Heloísa de Souza , SILVA Rênnis de Oliveira da , GOMES FILHO Francisco Naldo , ALMEIDA Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas de
Published: October 2020

Resumo Introdução As resinas compostas são alternativas restauradoras, porém sua superfície pode favorecer o acúmulo de biofilme. Objetivo Analisar in vitro a adesão de biofilmes de Streptococcus mutans (UA159) e Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) em superfícies de resinas compostas convencionais e bulk fill. Material e método Foram utilizadas quatro marcas de resinas compostas e bulk fill: Aura Bulk Fill - SDI®; Premisa - Kerr®; Opallis- FGM®, e Filtek bulk fill flow - 3M®. Utilizou-se saliva artificial para formação da película salivar, por 60 min a 37 °C. O inóculo foi padronizado em 1×108 UFC/mL para S. mutans e 1×106 UFC/mL para C. albicans. Os espécimes (n=8/grupo) foram acondicionados em placas de 24 poços, com BHI suplementado com sacarose para as bactérias, e RPMI 1640, para os fungos. A formação do biofilme foi avaliada considerando as unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC/mL).Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA e Tukey (p<0,05). Resultado Para os biofilmes de S. mutans, não houve diferença significativa na contagem de UFC/mL entre os diferentes tipos de resina (p=0,119). Na contagem de UFC/mL para biofilme de Candida, as médias variaram entre 7,78 e 8,34. Houve diferença significativa entre as marcas, especialmente entre as resinas convencionais e bulk fill. Conclusão O presente estudo demonstra que não há diferença na adesão para biofilmes de S. mutans. Porém, há diferença na adesão da C. albicans na superfície de diferentes resinas compostas.
STRATEGIES TO EDUCATE YOUNG PEOPLE WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS ON INSULIN THERAPY: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: La Banca Rebecca Ortiz , Sparapani Valéria de Cássia , Bueno Mariana , Costa Taine , Carvalho Emilia Campos de , Nascimento Lucila Castanheira
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify evidence available in the literature on educational strategies used in the teaching of insulin therapy to children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Method: systematic review undertaken in five databases, using the descriptors Insulin/therapeutic use, Patient education as topic, Diabetes mellitus type 1, Child, Infant, Adolescent and keywords, without any time limit. Primary studies on insulin therapy teaching were included, while research on insulin pumps was excluded. Results: 243 studies were identified, 13 of which were included. The results present educational strategies focused on children, adolescents and young people of up to 24 years of age, applied individually or in groups; by telephone contact or text messages by mobile phone; dramatization and educational camps; by a single professional or a multidisciplinary team. The strategies described in the analyzed studies addressed the adjustment of insulin dosages in everyday situations and education for insulin management, associated with the nutritional strategy of carbohydrate counting, diabetes education with a specific module on insulin therapy and intensive insulin use. The studies analyzed the effect of the educational intervention on several clinical and behavioral outcomes, such as glycated hemoglobin and self-efficacy. Conclusion: this review could not identify a single educational strategy able to improve metabolic and psychosocial outcomes. In most cases, nurses are the professionals responsible for the development of educational strategies focused on insulin therapy in children and adolescents with diabetes, regardless of the context in which they will be deployed. This confirms their role as educators.
LEARNING STYLES: PREFERENCE OF THE NURSING STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MAGALLANES, CHILE
Authors: Mancilla Patricia Nicolle Bravo , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Canever Bruna Pedroso
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the preference of the Nursing students of the University of Magallanes as regards learning styles. Method: a quantitative, descriptive and correlational study of the cross-sectional type was conducted with 186 students from first to fifth year of the undergraduate course, with an age range between 18 and 45 years old. The Honey-Alonso Questionnaire of Learning Styles was applied during the second semester of 2018. For data analysis, distribution of frequencies, descriptive statistics and correlations (Spearman) for the learning styles, using the SPSS v. 22.0. Results: the learning style of highest moderate preference of the Nursing students was the Reflexive one, with a mean value of 53.20%, according to class and to years of study, followed by the Theoretical, with 39%. No statistically significant correlations were found between the years of study and the learning styles (p>0.05); on the other hand, most of the surveyed students present one and two learning styles. Conclusion: knowing the learning styles will allow designing methodological strategies which are adequate for the students' learning styles, and which allow streamlining the learning process. The students object of this study are analytical and reflexive individuals, which very well matches the profile of the Nursing students when it comes to putting their Nursing chores into action.
Da teoria matemática para uma proposta de teoria crítica da informação:a integração dos conceitos de regime de informação e competência crítica em informação
Authors: Bezerra Arthur Coelho
Published: October 2020

RESUMO Iniciamos nosso estudo com uma contextualização histórico-crítica da teoria matemática da comunicação de Shannon e Weaver, reconhecendo a importância de sua influência na consolidação da ciência da informação nos Estados Unidos e apontando os limites de sua intenção unidimensional. A análise serve de mote para a apresentação da teoria crítica da sociedade, desenvolvida no mesmo período por filósofos alemães da chamada Escola de Frankfurt. Seus fundamentos teórico-metodológicos irão nortear nossa proposta para uma teoria crítica da informação, pensada a partir da integração de dois conceitos caros à ciência da informação brasileira: o de regime de informação, entendido como recurso interpretativo para pensar as relações entre política, informação e poder, e o de competência crítica em informação, que traz contribuições da teoria frankfurtiana e da pedagogia freireana para sublinhar a avaliação crítica e o uso ético da informação. Nosso método sugere a proposição de um diagnóstico das potencialidades, limites e contradições dos regimes de informação dominantes, e encontra na gramática da competência crítica em informação o referencial de uma práxis voltada à ampliação da autonomia dos indivíduos no atual ecossistema informacional, fundamental para o exercício da cidadania em tempos de desinformação, mediação algorítmica, vigilância digital e ataques à privacidade.
Aplicação do PBL Clínico na Atenção Primária em Cursos de Medicina
Authors: Romão Gustavo Salata , Bestetti Reinaldo Bulgarelli , Couto Lucélio Bernardes
Published: October 2020

Abstract: Introduction: Problem-based learning (PBL) is a collaborative student-centered learning method for small groups, based on the mobilization of previous knowledge and on critical reasoning for problem solving. Although it has been used predominantly in the classroom, when applied in clinical studies, PBL can increase the intrinsic motivation and long-term knowledge retention. In addition, Clinical PBL represents a more effective option to learn from practice considering the students’ overload in clinical clerkships in the Unified Health System (UHS). This study aimed to assess the students’ perception of a Clinical PBL model implemented in Primary Health Care (PHC) clerkships during the first four years of the Medical Course at the University of Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP) in 2017. Method: The primary outcome was assessed by the DREEM (Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure) tool, which contains 50 items distributed in five dimensions. The questionnaire was applied to 374 medical students, corresponding to 78% of the total number of medical students from the first to the fourth year. Results: For most of the evaluated items, the students’ perceptions were “positive”, including the dimensions “Perception of Teachers”, “Perception of Academic Results” and “Perception of the General Environment”. For the dimensions “Perception of Learning” and “Perception of Social Relationships” the evaluation was “more positive than negative”. The DREEM total score was 124.31, corresponding to 62.15% of the maximum score, which indicates a perception that is “more positive than negative” regarding the Clinical PBL. The internal consistency given by Cronbach’s alpha was 0.92. Conclusion: The use of Clinical PBL in PHC qualifies learning from practice, is well accepted by medical students and offers a useful option to the students’ overload in the clinical clerkship during the first four years of the Medical School.
Estudantes estrangeiros no Brasil: informação e processos de produção de diferença
Authors: Ferreira Rubens da Silva
Published: October 2020

RESUMO O trabalho adota a tese de que a migração é também processo de circulação de informação, conhecimento e diferença. Neste sentido, investiga-se uma realidade bem específica no amplo panorama da mobilidade humana: os deslocamentos internacionais de estudantes para o Brasil. Sustentado pelas teorizações em torno da produção de diferença e da autonomia das migrações, os estudantes estrangeiros são analisados como migrantes. Os dados qualitativos submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo foram recolhidos entre trinta e cinco estudantes estrangeiros provenientes de países africanos, sul-americanos, caribenhos e europeus. Como resultado, verifica-se um processo que envolve trocas informacionais, cognitivas e culturais que se mesclam em uma experiência migratória que afeta os modos de ser, pensar, sentir e agir dos estudantes migrantes, permitindo que se tornem pessoas diferentes. E em que pesem as dificuldades vividas em terras brasileiras, essa experiência é percebida pelos colaboradores da pesquisa como bastante positiva ao final da diplomação/titulação.
Multiple-criteria analysis model to the location of dry ports in urban areas: a case study in Garuva City, Santa Catarina State
Authors: Santos Adriana Goulart dos , Machado Rodrigo
Published: October 2020

Abstract This article studied the location of dry ports from the perspective of reducing impacts caused by seaport activities on the urban environment. The main objective was to construct a model based on multiple-criteria decision analysis coupled with the geographical information system for selecting areas subject to the location of dry ports. An important point was the definition of restriction and factor criteria for the preparation of this model. The distance from the seaport was defined as the most relevant criterion, followed by the road hierarchy network, population density, vegetation, and declivity, respectively. The predominant restrictive criteria were: permanent conservation areas and non-building zones. For the validation of the model presented, it was necessary to perform a case study on a city located near a seaport, and that has been legalized seaport activities in its legislation. The result showed that the areas nearest to the port, with less density of household units, and located near main roadways are the most feasible for location of dry ports. It was proven that the usage of multi-criteria analysis for selecting areas subject to the location of dry ports can be a manner for added support in the preparation of master plans for cities surrounded by seaport areas.
URBAN POLICIES, MOBILITY AND GENTRIFICATION IN TWO NEIGHBOURHOODS OF BELO HORIZONTE 1
Authors: Andrade Luciana Teixeira de , Mendonça Jupira Gomes de
Published: October 2020

Abstract This article investigates the relations between urban policies, the residential mobility and the gentrification of urban space, based on research in two neighbourhoods of Belo Horizonte: Santa Tereza and Anchieta. Several types of data were used in the study, including the Origin and Destination Survey, which identifies residential mobility in neighbourhoods, the Demographic Census datasets on households and residents, and municipal data on real estate dynamics and current urban policies. Qualitative data from interviews and local observations has also been used. The results demonstrate how the processes are distinct. In Santa Tereza, the urban policies implemented as an outcome of resident mobilization have managed to stop gentrification. In Anchieta, the greater liberality of urban policies, which did not elicit any organized responses from residents, has allowed renovation in some parts of the neighbourhood, which we identified as new-build gentrification.
A HISTÓRIA NUNCA SE FECHA
Authors: Bastos Elide Rugai
Published: October 2020

Resumo O artigo analisa como a expressão circuito fechado usada por Florestan Fernandes assume posição central em seus estudos sobre a sociedade brasileira, constituindo-se em um dos apoios teórico-metodológicos de sua reflexão. Assim, sua utilização proporciona o questionamento de vários ângulos utilizados na interpretação do Brasil: a visão linear da história, a ideia de dualismo do país, a proposta analítica de formação, a aceitação da autonomia das instituições. Florestan Fernandes prioriza a pergunta sobre os efeitos sociais e políticos advindos de uma formação econômico-social na periferia do capitalismo, formação peculiar, pois não apenas soma, mas combina, na manutenção de seu perfil, modernidade e arcaísmos. A pergunta sobre a coexistência no Brasil do capitalismo moderno e da desigualdade, que limita o acesso aos direitos políticos e sociais, o induz a avançar tanto no estudo dos grupos como das modalidades de ação. O artigo indaga, ainda, sobre a pertinência da utilização dessa expressão para enfocar os embates sociais e políticos contemporâneos.
AFINIDADES ELECTIVAS: ENTRE CRÍTICA Y RESIGNACIÓN
Authors: González Horacio
Published: October 2020

Resumo A partir da leitura de Crítica e resignação, livro de Gabriel Cohn que completou 40 anos no ano passado, este registro tece alguns comentários sobre sua importância para questões fundantes da teoria social, além de trazer uma evocação pessoal da relação com o autor do livro.
MINAS MUNDO: HERMENÊUTICA DE UMA SUBJETIVIDADE INDIVIDUAL*
Authors: Botelho André
Published: October 2020

Resumo Busco nesse registro de pesquisa circunscrever de um ponto de vista sociológico o entrelaçamento entre subjetividade individual e cosmopolitismo na cultura brasileira no e a partir do memorialismo de Pedro Nava. Duas experiências de pesquisa o informam. No ponto de partida original, atividades múltiplas em torno de Nava nos últimos dez anos: como pesquisador, professor em sala de aula, orientador de tese e organizador da reedição da sua obra. Na outra extremidade, que, no entanto, não é apenas um ponto de chegada, mas também um novo ponto de partida, essas experiências são em parte reorientadas com vistas ao projeto coletivo “Minas mundo: o cosmopolitismo na cultura brasileira” que estamos iniciando numa grande rede de pesquisa e cooperação interdisciplinar, nacional e internacional.
TEMPO, MOVIMENTO E TEORIA SOCIAL: GABRIEL COHN, UM VOO SOLO A PARTIR DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Pessanha Elina
Published: October 2020

Resumo A presente entrevista com o sociólogo paulista Gabriel Cohn, foi realizada em 2019 por André Botelho, Antonio Brasil Jr. e Elina Pessanha, e inclui breves notas biográficas e o registro de sua experiência como estudante e depois professor da Universidade de São Paulo. Provocado pelos entrevistadores, Gabriel fala sobre a importância dos autores clássicos, a influência da teoria social alemã, e os desafios teóricos a enfrentar para produzir uma análise ‘fina’ da sociedade.
WEBER, ADORNO E O CURSO DO MUNDO
Authors: Cohn Gabriel
Published: October 2020

Resumo Dois temas contrastantes, do destino e da promessa, caracterizam as posições de Max Weber e Theodor W. Adorno. Ambos compartilham preocupações básicas a respeito da natureza e das tendências de sociedades modernas, marcadas pelo Estado nacional no âmbito político, pelas organizações privadas racionalmente organizadas no âmbito econômico e pelo predomínio de empresas privadas no âmbito da produção e distribuição de formas com conteúdo cultural. Para fazer frente aos problemas analíticos envolvidos, ambos concentram a atenção, por ângulos diferentes e incompatíveis, na dimensão significativa dos processos sociais. No presente artigo argumenta-se que, a despeito dessas aproximações e do frequente argumento de que Adorno deve muito a Weber, ambos enfrentam problemas similares mediante linguagens distintas, com base em pressupostos igualmente distintos e sem tradução direta entre si. Algumas implicações disso são examinadas.
THE DIGITAL VILLAGE PROJECT: EXAMINING THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF XAVANTE MEDIA PRODUCTION IN CENTRAL BRAZIL
Authors: Coelho Rafael Franco
Published: October 2020

Abstract In this article, I analyze the social organization of Xavante media production during the Digital Village Project, and explore how student involvement in the latter reflects the social characteristics and specificities of the Xavante community. To explain how project participants organized themselves into groups, I connect these groupings to the Xavante social structure and political system. My hypothesis is that the formation of the groups making up the project and the interaction of their members were established through categories already present in Xavante social structure. In this sense, we can conclude that the introduction to media production in the community is not enough to change the social relations prevailing in Sangradouro village.
Infrared thermography and feeding behavior of lambs fed increasing levels of safflower grains
Authors: Ferreira Mateus Silva , Goes Rafael Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinelli de , Martinez Antonio Campanha , Gandra Jefferson Rodrigues , Gonçales Junior Walter Antonio , Bega Amanda Maristela , Silva Luan Sitó da , Paz Jessica Priscila da
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the feeding behavior, physiological responses, and rumen heat emission of lambs fed with safflower grains. Eighteen lambs were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design. Safflower grain was added to the diets in the proportions of 0.0; 7.5 and 15%. The safflower grain did not change the patterns of eating, leisure, or rumination; however, it improved the efficiency of NDF ingestion, by 26%. The head temperature decreased by 1.5 ° C to include 7.5% safflower; and the rectal temperature decreased quadratically with the addition of safflower (39.5 and. 39.08 ° C). There was a linear trend of decreasing head temperature as the inclusion of safflower increased. The temperature of the eyeball decreased by 1.1 ° C when 7.5% of safflower DM was added to the diet and increased by 0.6 ° C when a 15% safflower was added. The ruminal temperature increased linearly for the addition of safflower (1.8 ° C). Safflower improves the efficiency of the use of NDF and the inclusion of 15% safflower can be used without effects on ingestive behavior. The head, eye, and left flank areas can be used; however, the left flank appears to be the best region for this type of study. Infrared thermography can be useful as a non-invasive assessment of lambs' diets.
Maximin Share Allocations on Cycles
Authors: Truszczynski Miroslaw , Lonc Zbigniew
Published: October 2020

The problem of fair division of indivisible goods is a fundamental problem of resource allocation in multi-agent systems, also studied extensively in social choice. Recently, the problem was generalized to the case when goods form a graph and the goal is to allocate goods to agents so that each agent’s bundle forms a connected subgraph. For the maximin share fairness criterion, researchers proved that if goods form a tree, an allocation offering each agent a bundle of at least her maximin share value always exists. Moreover, it can be found in polynomial time. In this paper we consider the problem of maximin share allocations of goods on a cycle. Despite the simplicity of the graph, the problem turns out to be significantly harder than its tree version. We present cases when maximin share allocations of goods on cycles exist and provide in this case results on allocations guaranteeing each agent a certain fraction of her maximin share. We also study algorithms for computing maximin share allocations of goods on cycles.
A novel ‘pressure index’ for predicting number of pipe bursts in water distribution system
Authors: Akbarkhiavi Savalan Pour , Imteaz Monzur Alam
Published: October 2020

This paper presents the application of hydraulic modelling for the prediction of pipe bursts in a water distribution system (WDS). As a case study, more than 1430 km of pipelines within 29 water pressure zones (PZs) in Bendigo and Castlemaine WDSs, located in Victoria, Australia, were modelled and calibrated using an InfoWorks WS hydraulic model. A pressure index (PI) was defined to quantify the intensity of high pressures in the WDS pipes. The PIs for all the PZs were calculated using hydraulic model simulations. Ten years of actual pipe burst data (2007–2017) in the studied WDSs were used in the research. A burst index (BI) was used to measure the burst rate for the length of pipe network within the study area. A mathematical relationship between PI and BI was proposed based on the first eight years (2007–2015) of burst data and the results of the hydraulic modelling in the same period. The number of pipe bursts for the last two years (2016–2017) in each PZ was then predicted according to the proposed mathematical relationship. The predicted number of bursts fitted well with the actual recorded pipe burst data, with a coefficient of determination of 0.98.
Dosing study of esmolol for reducing hemodynamic changes during lightwand intubation
Authors: Kang Jin Ku , Yoo Sie Hyeon , Chung Jin Hun , Kim Nan Seol , Jung Ho Soon , Seo Yong Han , Chun Hea Rim , Gong Hyung Yoon , Son Hee Dong , Kim A Joo
Published: October 2020

Background: Lightwand is a convenient tool that can be used instead of a laryngoscope for intubation. Tracheal intubation causes direct stimulation of the larynx, drastically increasing hemodynamic values including blood pressure and heart rate. This study aims to identify the effect of different doses of esmolol on hemodynamic changes during lightwand intubation.Methods: The study subjects included 140 patients who underwent general anesthesia for elective surgery. The patients were randomly divided into four groups (35 patients in each group). The ‘C’ group only received 20 ml of normal saline, while the ‘E0.5’, ‘E1’, and ‘E2’ groups received 20 ml of normal saline containing esmolol—0.5 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, and 2 mg/kg, respectively, injected 2 min prior to intubation. The patients’ blood pressure, heart rate, and rate-pressure product were measured six times, before and after the intubation.Results: The degree of heart rate elevation was suppressed in the E1 and E2 groups compared to the C group, and RPP after intubation significantly decreased in the E2 group compared to the C group.Conclusions: 1–2 mg/kg of a single esmolol injection prior to lightwand intubation effectively blunts heart rate elevation, and 2 mg/kg of esmolol injection blunts rate-pressure product elevation.
Change of inspired oxygen concentration in low flow anesthesia
Authors: Kim Jiwook , Kang Donghee , Lee Hochul , Ryu Sungwon , Ryu Siejeong , Kim Doosik
Published: October 2020

Background: There are several advantages of low flow anesthesia including safety, economics, and eco-friendliness. However, oxygen concentration of fresh gas flow and inspired gas are large different in low flow anesthesia. This is a hurdle to access to low flow anesthesia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the change in inhaled oxygen concentration in low flow anesthesia using oxygen and medical air.Methods: A total of 60 patients scheduled for elective surgery with an American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status I or II were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups. Group H: Fresh gas flow rate (FGF) 4 L/min (FiO₂ 0.5). Group L: FGF 1 L/min (FiO₂ 0.5). FGF was applied 4 L/min in initial phase (10 min) after intubation. After initial phase FGF was adjusted according to groups. FGF continued at the end of surgery. Oxygen and inhalation anesthetic gas concentration were recorded for 180 min at 15 min interval.Results: The inspired oxygen concentration decreased by 5.5% during the first 15 min in the group L. Inspired oxygen decreased by 1.5% during next 15 min. Inspired oxygen decreased by 1.4% for 30 to 60 min. The inspired oxygen of group L is 35.4 ± 4.0% in 180 min. The group H had little difference in inspired oxygen concentration over time and decreased by 1.8% for 180 min.Conclusions: The inspired oxygen concentration is maintained at 30% or more for 180 min in patients under 90 kg. Despite some technical difficulties, low flow anesthesia may be considered.
Ultrasonography for lumbar neuraxial block
Authors: Yoo Seokha , Kim Youngwon , Park Sun-Kyung , Ji Sang-Hwan , Kim Jin-Tae
Published: October 2020

Ultrasonography can be useful to perform a lumbar neuraxial block. It aids in understanding the anatomy of the lumbar spine before the procedure. Pre-procedural ultrasound imaging provides information about the accurate intervertebral level for puncture, optimal needle insertion point, and depth of needle advancement for a successful neuraxial block. The key ultrasonographic views for lumbar neuraxial block include the transverse midline interlaminar and parasagittal oblique views. Ultrasonography can facilitate lumbar neuraxial block in difficult cases, such as the elderly, obese patients, and patients with anatomical abnormality of the lumbar spine. This review elucidates the basics of spinal ultrasonography for lumbar neuraxial block and the current evidence regarding ultrasound-guided neuraxial block in adults.
Management of massive hemorrhage in pregnant women with placenta previa
Authors: Park Hee-Sun , Cho Hyun-Seok
Published: October 2020

Patients with placenta previa are at risk for intra- and postpartum massive blood loss as well as increased risk of placenta accreta, a type of abnormal placental implantation. This condition can lead to serious obstetric complications, including maternal mortality and morbidity. The risk factors for previa include prior cesarean section, multiparity, advanced maternal age, prior placenta previa history, prior uterine surgery, and smoking. The prevalence of previa parturients has increased due to the rising rates of cesarean section and advanced maternal age. For these reasons, we need to identify the risk factors for previa and identify adequate management strategies to respond to blood loss during surgery. This review evaluated the diagnosis of placenta previa and placenta accreta and assessed the risk factors for previa-associated bleeding prior to cesarean section. We then presented intraoperative anesthetic management and other interventions to control bleeding in patients with previa expected to experience massive hemorrhage and require transfusion.
Vivarium Population Spenser: Emigration protocol v1
Authors: Rangel Smith Camila , Hosseini Kasra
Published: October 2020

Description of the steps followed by Vivarium Population Spenser library when running the Emigration module.
Clinico-epidemiological profile of congenital heart disease in a tertiary care center – a retrospective descriptive study
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, MGM Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, Ramawat Dr. Pramila , Jain Dr. Nilesh ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, MGM Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: October 2020

Aims and objective: To study the clinical-epidemiological profile of congenital heart disease inhospitalized children. Material and methods: A retrospective study was planned in a tertiary carecenter in Central India. Children between ages 1 month to 14 years with CHD were included in thisstudy. Type of CHD, clinical presentation, anthropometry, demographic profile, and the outcome wasrecorded. Result: A total of 65 patients were included in the study. 43 patients were suffering fromacyanotic CHD and 22 were having cyanotic CHD. Most of the children admitted were below 1 yearof age (n-67%). Males (42) were more reported in the present study than females (23).Conclusion: CHDs are one of the commonest birth defects, timely diagnosis and intervention arevery important to decrease mortality and morbidity in pediatric patients.
Ethylene Diamine Functionalized Citrate-Capped Gold Nanoparticles for Metal-Enhanced Bioluminescence
Authors: Ranjan Rajeev , Kirillova Maria A. , Kratasyuk Valentina A.
Published: October 2020

Metal-enhanced bioluminescence (MEB) is a complex photophysical event which manifests itself in manifold luminescence enhancement and depends on many parameters. The parameters include the distance between the luminescent source and the nanomaterial surface, the size and shape of nanoparticles, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peaks of the nanomaterial and the dielectric constant of the surrounding medium. Studying distance-dependent MEB in the presence of linkers of specified length may provide new insights into luminescence enhancement. In this regard, the present investigation is aimed to understand the role of ethylene diamine as a potential linker in model systems for distance-dependent metal-enhanced bioluminescence (MEB) with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Four different types of AuNPs (AuNP1, AuNP2, AuNP3, AuNP4) were synthesized by varying the trisodium citrate (TC) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentrations with maximum absorbance values of 0.99, 1.24, 1.21 and 1.38 respectively and the corresponding LSPR peaks (λmax) of 520 nm, 535 nm, 525 nm, and 525 nm. Luminescence enhancement up to 1.44-fold was observed when ethylene diamine (ED) was used as a linker in the presence of 1-N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC), ATP and AuNP1. The sample consisting of FMN, EDC and AuNP1 showed 1.3-fold luminescence enhancement. It was noted that AuNPs synthesized using AgNO3 as an additional component did not enhance luminescence in all the investigations. The suggested technique of using linkers of predetermined lengths may also prove fairly effective for studying other parameters which can influence MEB and cause sensitivity enhancement of luminescence-based biosensors
Efecto de un Consorcio de cianobacterias sobre la obtención de biomasa vegetal de la gulupa (Passiflora edulis f. edulis sims) bajo condiciones de campo en el municipio de Marinilla - Antioquia
Authors: García Salazar Cindy A. , Pérez Cardona Yuli A. , Ríos Osorio Leonardo A. , Múnera Porras Luisa M.
Published: October 2020

Introducción: las cianobacterias poseen la capacidad de fijar nitrógeno, producir vitaminas y aminoácidos que estimulan el crecimiento vegetal, particularmente forman asociaciones con plantas vasculares y no vasculares, actuando como biofertilizantes, y convirtiéndose en una alternativa para disminuir la aplicación de agroquímicos que afectan la calidad de los suelos y la salud humana. Estos microorganismos han venido utilizándose para aumentar la producción en cultivos de interés comercial, aunque la mayoría de las investigaciones se han centrado en el arroz y otros cereales. La gulupa (Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims), es una fruta originaria de las regiones tropicales, su agradable sabor y propiedades antioxidantes hacen que sea atractiva comercialmente en especial para la exportación, lo que ha incentivado el desarrollo de este cultivo en el país.

Objetivo: el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de un consorcio de cianobacterias sobre la obtención de biomasa vegetal de gulupa (Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims.) bajo condiciones de campo.

Métodos: se diseñó un estudio experimental comparativo. Se evaluó el efecto biofertilizante de las cianobacterias con tres tratamientos. El crecimiento de las plantas se midió en términos de longitud de tallo y raíces, peso fresco de planta y raíces, y número de hojas y ramas durante seis meses de siembra.

Resultados y conclusión: los resultados obtenidos indican que existe una respuesta por parte de la planta al aplicar la inoculación con cianobacterias; sin embargo, no se puede establecer cuál de los tratamientos indujo dicha respuesta.
Ecoepidemiología de la leishmaniasis visceral en Colombia (1943-2019): revisión sistemática
Authors: Sanchez Juan P. , Cañola Julián , Molina Juan P. , Bejarano Nelson , Vélez-Mira Andrés , Vélez Iván D. , Robledo Sara M.
Published: October 2020

Introducción: la leishmaniasis visceral (LV) es una enfermedad endémica en Colombia y aunque representa una alta carga en morbimortalidad, la información de sus aspectos ecoepidemiológicos es escasa. Método: se realizó una revisión sistemática y descripción del comportamiento de la enfermedad desde el primer caso reportado en 1943, hasta el 2019 a partir de la información en bases de datos científicas y boletines epidemiológicos del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública-SIVIGILA. Se seleccionaron 60 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Los hallazgos confirman la situación de endemicidad de la LV en Colombia con una transmisión tanto en épocas secas como lluviosas, afectando principalmente a menores de edad, sin diferencia de sexo; el agente causante es Leishmania infantum y los vectores son Lutzomyia evansi y Lu. longipalpis; el perro es el reservorio principal, pero también sufre la LV. A pesar de que existe un programa para el manejo integral de la leishmaniasis, hoy son 10 los departamentos afectados. Conclusión: se concluye que la información relacionada con la LV en Colombia sigue siendo escasa, limitándose a reportes de casos captados de manera pasiva por parte de las Secretarías de Salud y a algunos estudios de focos realizados por unos pocos investigadores en el país. Es necesario ahondar en las estrategias de vigilancia epidemiológica y la búsqueda activa de casos humanos y caninos, evaluando, entre otros, el papel potencial de la desnutrición y las variables socioeconómicas en el riesgo de infección por L. infantum en Colombia.
Water supply failure probability under influence of climate change—Balsillas river basin case study
Authors: Mena Rentería Darwin , Espinosa Eydy Michell , Soler Paula Carolina , Cañón Ramos Miguel , Duarte Freddy Santiago , Palacios González Jordi Rafael
Published: October 2020

This project assesses the risk of water supply failure for the agricultural sector under climate change conditions by implementing hydrological models that support decision-making for satisfying consumptive demands in times of scarcity. This project was developed using hydrological modeling tools such as the HydroBID software and the SIMGES and SIMRISK water resource management models of AQUATOOL DSS. The flow series for a current scenario were obtained for different climate change scenarios from a Global Climate Model (GCM) and the Coordinated Regional Experiment on Climate Reduction (CORDEX) by downscaling the results from the global scale to basin-scale using a statistical method based on chaos theory. These projections show that under conditions of climate change, the agricultural sector of the Balsillas basin will not suffer significant impacts since they will be able to satisfy most demand points.
Control scheme selection and optimal tuning in industrial process control using factorial experiment design
Authors: Acosta Villamil David Roberto , Noguera Polania José Fernando , Verdeza Villalobos Arnaldo , Foliaco Romero Blanca Luz , Rincón Montenegro Adriana Fernanda , Sanjuan Mejia Marco Enrique
Published: October 2020

In this study, a novel experimental approach for the optimal selection of an actuator-based control strategy is presented. The proposed approach is a two-stage method: first, a two-level factorial experiment design with n factors (2n) was applied to compare different control schemes. Schemes comparison was carried out in terms of energy consumption and closed-loop performance. For the best relative scheme, a Central Composite Face-centered (CCF) design was completed obtaining the controller parameters that optimize the performance in terms of the Integral Absolute Error (IAE) while operating in a region of low energy consumption. The proposed approach was experimentally tested using real data obtained from a laboratory prototype plant. Some experimental tests illustrating the suitability of our method are shown at the end of this article.
Asking the Right Questions to Nominate A Student as Gifted and Talented: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: KARTAL Elif , ÖZYAPRAK Melodi , ÖZEN Zeki , ŞİMŞEK İrfan , KÖSE BİBER Sezer , BİBER Mahir , CAN Tuncer
Published: October 2020

In this study, it is aimed to reduce the number of questions from a 69-item scale, which is developed to nominate a student as gifted and talented by selecting the most effective questions. For this purpose, Recursive Feature Elimination and Chi-Square Filter feature selection methods are used. Also, it is aimed to find the best performing machine learning algorithm to nominate a student as gifted and talented in this study. To achieve this, analyses are performed with Random Forest Algorithm, C4.5 Decision Tree Algorithm, and Naive Bayes Classifier machine learning algorithms. As a result of the analyses; the 69-item scale was reduced to 20 questions by using Chi-Square Filter method, and then when Naive Bayes Classifier was applied to this new data set, the model nominated a student with 92% accuracy as gifted and talented. It is thought that the proposed model will save time in the nomination process and prevent the distraction of attention that can be caused by the high number of questions when teachers fill out the scale. Also, it is believed that more rational decisions will be made in the nomination process by working with data-based prediction models.