bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Diversity of Butterflies in the Fragmented Habitats of Waghai Botanical Garden of The Dangs - Gujarat
Authors: Gandhi Suchi , Kumar Dolly
Published: February 2021

Background: The world is currently undergoing a very rapid loss of butterfly biodiversity comparable with the great mass extinction events that have previously occurred only five or six times in the Earthâ€™s history. This is an alarming call of these tiny scraps of biodiversity which now have scarce appearance surrounding the huge human kingdom.Objective: The richness of biodiversity depends on the climatic conditions and area of the region. The present research work focuses on studying butterflies diversity, their habitat preferences and seasonal distribution in structured plots of Waghai Botanical Garden.Method: For carrying out systematic study, Waghai Botanical Garden was fragmented into five sub habitats i.e. Dry & Moist Deciduous plot, Evergreen plot, Bamboo plot & Dang plot, Scrub Thorn Forest & Medicinal & Taxonomy plot. Intra-individual comparative abundance study for observed butterfly species within fragmented plots of Waghai botanical garden was carried out graphically to study the butterflyâ€™s preference in the plots of botanical garden.Results: Out of 70 species, the maximum number of species i.e. 27 species were observed from family Nymphalidae, followed by 18 species from Lycaenidae, 15 species from Pieridae, Papilionidae with 7 species and 3 species from Hesperiidae.Conclusion: During post-monsoon season, highest total average rainfall of around 850 mm was observed in Waghai during monsoon, which provided excellent quality and quantity of larval food plants for the caterpillars and nectar rich flower source for adult butterflies in post-monsoon months. Thus maximum numbers of butterfliesâ€™ species were observed during the months of October & November.
Evaluation of major nutritional components and phytochemical screening of four different Bangladeshi branded unifloral honey and their brine shrimp toxicity study
Authors: Hasan Md. Mahmodul , Islam Md.Jahirul , Sarkar Subodh Kumar , Absar Nurul
Published: February 2021

The research work was conducted to investigate the biochemical composition of four different Bangladeshi branded unifloral honey. The honey from Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Black cumin (Nigella sativa), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Mustard (Brassica campestris) were used. We investigated color, pH, Moisture, Dry matter ,Specific gravity, Total sugar, Reducing sugar, Non reducing sugar, Crude protein, Water soluble protein, Lipid, Ash, Total Carbohydrate, Metabolizable energy, Vitamin C and minerals content. The result revealed the presence of nutrient constituent among the varieties comprising pH(3.47 to 4.06),specific gravity(1.32 to 1.37),dry matter(85.2 to 86.6%), moisture(13.4 to 14.7%),ash(0.64 to 0.66%),lipid(0.14 to 0.16%),crude protein(0.63 to 0.73%), total carbohydrate(83.70 to 85.18%), metabolizing energy(2763.59 to 2808.95Kcal/Kg),total sugar(77.36 to 81.2%),reducing sugar(60.5 to 63.03%),non-reducing sugar(16.61 to 18.17%),vitamin C (4.63 to 6.36mg%), and minerals such as Calcium(6.36 to 7.87mg%) and Iron(1.62 to 1.89mg%) respectively. Moreover, alkaloids, flavonoids found in all varieties but only polyphenols was absent in Black cumin varieties. In the cytotoxic activity studies, LC50 values were obtained in the range of 4800 to 4966.7Âµg/ml.
Growth and serum mineral profile of broiler starter fed dried cocoyam tuber (colocasia esculenta) meal
Authors: M. U. Onyekwere , P. C. Jiwuba , S. O. Okechukwu , A. C. Anuonye
Published: February 2021

A 30-day experiment was conducted with 240 unsexed broiler starters to determine the effect of cocoyam tuber meal on growth and serum mineral profile. Four diets were formulated at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of cocoyam tuber meal. The birds were assigned the four treatment diets in a completely randomized design and replicated 3 times with 20 birds per replicate. Feed and water were supplied ad-libitum. Data were collected on average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and blood was sampled from each treatment group, data obtained were analysed statistically. The performance of the broiler starter birds showed significant (p<0.05) difference among the treatment groups. Average daily weight gain was improved (p<0.05) by cocoyam inclusion at 30% inclusion level. FCR of the birds in treatment groups were significantly (p<0.05) better than the control. The parameters of serum mineral profile maintained a significant (P<0.05) difference among the treatments and showed a good evidence of body structural components of the birds. These results showed that inclusion of cocoyam tuber meal had a beneficial effect on performance and structural components of broiler starters. Cocoyam tuber meal inclusion level at 30% was recommended for optimum broiler starter birds.
Exploration of In-vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials of crude methanolic extracts of Quisqualis indica (stem bark): An ethno medicinal plant
Authors: Hossain Meer , Hussain Md. Saddam , -UL-Islam Moin , Abdur Rahman Md. , Shalahuddin Millat Md. , Nusrat Sweety Mirza
Published: February 2021

Quisqualis indica plant (Stem bark) was analyzed in-vitro to evaluate biological activities including anti-microbial properties and cytotoxic potentials. The crude n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract of the plant were subjected to the microbiological investigation against a wide range of Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and fungi. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was used for evaluation of cytotoxic activity of Quisqualis indica. The zones of inhibition produced by the hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract of Quisqualis indica were ranged from 7-15 mm, 8-18 mm, 12-20 mm and 10-16 mm respectively at a concentration of 400Î¼g/disc. The obtained results were compared against standard Kanamycin (30Âµg/disc). In case of brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates were found to show LC50 of 1.254, 0.826, 3.866 and 5.366 Âµg/ml respectively as compared with vincristine sulfate (with LC50 value of 0.3229 Âµg/ml) as a standard positive control. The obtained results confirmed the presence of anti-microbial properties and cytotoxic potentials of Quisqualis indica which supports the traditional use of this plant in various diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms and can be a good candidate for a further anti-tumor drug study.
Evaluation of vegetative and yield attributes of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) for adaptation in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Ilodibia Chinyere , Igboabuchi Ngozi , Onwuachu Winifred
Published: February 2021

Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) MOENCH, a fasting growing annual herb, cultivated for its young fruit and valued as an important vegetable in tropical and sub- tropical regions. Adequate production of okra is yet to be achieved especially in Anambra State due to certain factors such as non- utilization of improved cultivar, environmental conditions and inadequate cultural practices. Due to the importance of this vegetable to Nigerian diet, sustainable production is adequate to meet up with the increasing population and the countryâ€™s economic recession. Vegetative and yield attributes of five cultivars of okra were evaluated for adaptation in Anambra State during 2014/2015 cropping season at the Department of Agricultural Education Teaching and Research Farm, Nwafor Orizu College of Education Nsugbe, Anambra State. A randomized complete block design, replicated three times was used. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA. Results showed significant differences (P<0.05) among the cultivars evaluated in both vegetative and yield attributes. Cultivar LD-88 had higher yield when compared to other cultivars evaluated. It is therefore recommended to farmers for sustainable okra production in the study area.
Plasmid Profile of Multiple Antibiotics Resistant (mar) Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Water Samples from Ebira Communities in Ekiti South Senatorial District
Authors: Odeyemi Adebowale , Oluwole Olusola , Adebayo Adewole , Iseyemi Seyifunmi
Published: February 2021

Plasmid curing of microbes and physicochemical analysis of water samples obtained from Ebira communities in six local governments in Ekiti SouthÂ Senatorial District were analyzed. Antibiotic sensitivity and profile of bacterial isolates were analyzed using pour plating, disk diffusion method and gelÂ electrophoresis techniques respectively while the plasmid were cured using acridine orange.Â The mean total bacterial count of the water samples collected from these six different local governments at different time ranged from 2.08 x 105 to 6.0 x 106 CFU/ml; the mean total coliform count ranged from 2.41 x 105 to 3.75 x 106 CFU/ml and the mean total Escherichia coli count (TEC) ranged from 1.53 x 105 to 3.45 x 105 CFU/ml. Total of 152 bacteria were recovered with E.coli having the highest distribution of 35% while Serratia marcensens had the least distribution of 0.7%. The highest antibiotic resistance of 100% was recorded against ceftazidine but only 17% of the isolates were resistant to gentamicin. About 56% of 34 selected MAR isolates carried plasmid(s) with high molecular weight ranging from 5.64Kbp to 23.13Kbp. Antibiotic resistance pattern and plasmids profile of selected MAR E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus prior to and after curing showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa became susceptible to augmentin and Staphylococcus aureus also became susceptible to ceftriazole while E. coli still maintained the earlier resistant pattern. The plasmid profiling of these isolates after curing indicated the lost of plasmids in each of the isolates. Present study however implicated the incidence of MAR bacteria in the sources of water in Ekiti-South Senatorial district as a serious health challenge, and confirmed the potential of acridine orange for plasmid curing.
Bioprospective potentials of endophytic fungi penicillium SPP isolated from leaves of azadirachta indica (A. JUSS)
Authors: Abubakar Salisu , Wusa Ndana Rebeccah , Samuel Afolabi Abolade
Published: February 2021

The focus of this research work was to isolates and identify endophytic fungi from young leaves and stems (twig) of Azadirachta indica, family (Meliaceae) for the production and assay of the produced secondary metabolites. Altogether 126 segments were used, of which 63 segments each from leaves and stems (twig) tissues were screened, using modified surface sterilization techniques. A total of 12 species of endophytic fungi were purely isolated, Penicillium spp was randomly selected for the extraction and evaluation of its secondary metabolites. The eluent collected from column chromatography mixture of ethylacetate and n- hexane (50:50v/v) was phytochemically screened, and the results showed the presence of saponins, flavonoids and phenols. Based on disc diffusion method of sensitivity, the eluent possessed some degree of antibacterial and antifungal activities. In addition, in-vitro antioxidant potentiality of the eluent was also evaluated using 2, 2- Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH, Sigma Aldrich). Statistical package for social science (SPSS 3/93) software was used to analyze the results using one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), which revealed no significant difference, on the effect of concentrations of eluent on test organisms but the eluent showed significant difference on scavenging free radicals at a critical value (p >0.05).
Impact of various cooking methods on the micronutrient compositions of selected legumes in Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Emmanuel Agomuo , Peter Amadi , Chidiebere Iheka , Majesty Duru
Published: February 2021

The impact of various methods of cooking on the concentration of some micronutrients in African Breadfruit (Treculia africana), Melon seeds (Citrullus vulgaris), Groundnut (Arachis hypogea), African oil bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla), Cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale) and Coconut (Cocos nucifera) samples were evaluated using standard methods. The results show that only the Î²-carotene and potassium contents of African Breadfruit were significantly affected by the various forms of heat processing applied. A significant (p<0.05) increase in the Î²-carotene content was observed for the melon seeds samples on application of heat by boiling (19223.61Â±4.00mg/100g) and microwave cooking (19028.59Â±62.12mg/100g), compared to the raw samples (12462.13Â±39.11mg/100g), which was equally observed for, groundnut, and cashew nut samples. Heat processing by boiling, pressure cooking, and microwave cooking significantly reduced the K content of the melon seeds, while heat processing by frying caused no significant effect. The Mg, Mn, Na, Zn, and Ca contents of the melon seeds were unaffected by the forms of heat applied. For the oil bean samples, the total carotenoid, K, Na, and Ca contents showed a significant decrease on application of the processing methods used in this study, while a similar result was obtained for the heat processed coconut samples, with an additional change in the Mg content, on application of heat. This study has shown that, Boiling, Frying, Pressure cooking and Microwave cooking affected the micronutrient composition of the selected legumes. Cooking by boiling showed the most retention of the micronutrients whereas the frying and microwave cooking methods showed more losses in micronutrient content.
Virulence factors and beta-lactamase production among vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolated from clinical samples and hospital environment
Authors: David Moses , Imonitie Kennedy , Osuntoyinbo Richard , Olawale Adetunji
Published: February 2021

Enterococcus faecalis, though opportunistic pathogen has emerged as one of the leading nosocomial pathogens and has been implicated in different human infections. The severity of the infections caused by this organism is largely due to its complex pathogenic process. The objective of this study was to determine the carriage of virulence factors and vanA gene among the strains of vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis isolated from hospitals. Standard methods were used for isolation, antibiotic susceptibility and detection of virulence factors in the isolates. A total of one hundred and twenty three (123) samples were screened out of which 69 (45.70 %) yielded E. faecalis. The highest percentage of the isolates was recovered from the environment followed by the clinical samples. Children surgical ward had the highest occurrence of the test organism followed by male surgical ward. All the isolates were resistant to both amoxycillin/clavulanic acid and ceftazidime, while 98.55%, 89.86% and 53.62% were resistant to ampicillin, cefuroxime and gentamicin respectively. Only twenty seven (39.13%) of the isolates were resistant to the vancomycin. Among the vancomycin-resistant isolates, haemolysin had the highest occurrence (60.29%) followed by caseinase (55.88%). A total of 16 (59.26%) were beta-lactamase positive while 8 (29.63%) out of the isolates (vancomycin-resistant) were non-biofilm former while vanA genes was detected in 9 (33.33%) of the isolates. This study gives an insight to antibiotic resistant pattern of circulating Enterococcus faecalis and also the isolate showed varying patterns of virulent factors.
Lactic acid bacteria and identification with PCR-DGGE
Authors: BÄ°Ã‡ER Yusuf , UÃ‡AR GÃ¼rkan
Published: February 2021

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are an important group in the industrially using microorganisms. The first pure cultures of bacteria was "Bacterium lactis" (probably Lactococcus lactis), obtained in 1873 by J. Lister. LAB are Gram-positive, non motile, non spore-forming, except Sporolactobacillus inulinus, catalase negative, microaerophilic or anaerobic microorganisms. LAB can be found in milk and dairy products, plants and human and animal intestinal mucosa. LAB have low Guanine and Cytosine (G+C) ratio.The industrial applications of lactic acid bacteria is considered, it is emphasized that reliable typing methods in strain levels are getting important about both study on cultures used in functional foods and determining the performance of LAB starter cultures. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) is the most common technique in molecular fingerprinting culture-independent techniques. The technique is based on the separation of the same length but having different sequences of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) products.Â
Determination of viability in foodborne bacteria with inter-calating dyes: ethidium monoazide (EMA) and propidium monoazide (PMA)
Authors: Telli Arife Ezgi , DoÄŸruer Yusuf
Published: February 2021

The ability to distinguish between living and dead cells is considered to be very important for biological researches. It is an important problem that the technology used up to day does not allow the quantitative differentiation of specific cells in a mixed cell community. Determination of whether the microorganisms present in the foods are in a viable form is an important phenomenon in determining the disease-forming potential.It is a fact that DNA, which is found in cells that lose their viability, can maintain its activity for a long time. Discrimination of live-dead cell occurs when the intercalating dye is covalently bound to DNA that is cleaved in the dead cell where membrane integrity is impaired. The formation of the covalent bond is activated by photoactivation. Inter-collating dyes only affect dead cells that are damaged by cell wall or membrane integrity. Due to the covalent binding of the inter-collating dye, DNA amplification cannot occur in PCR and other molecular techniques based on PCR.Among the non-permeable stains, it is accepted that PI is the most commonly used. PMA is identical to PI and additionally contains azide groups. Azide groups allow PMA to cross-covalently bond with DNA in bright light. Another inter-collating dyes with an azide group is ethidium mono azide (EMA).The The PMA molecule provides a higher selectivity on discrimination of live-dead cells by virtue of itsâ€™ higher charge when compared to EMA. Many researchers have combined EMA and PMA with PCR, Real-time PCR and LAMP in order to differentiate the live population of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic food-borne pathogens because they are claimed to be more successful in complex samples than in fluorescence based techniques.
Pteridaie: indicator of the vegetation succession and dynamics in the forests Chablis and Edges in Kahuzi-Biega National Park (Eastern D. R. Congo, Albertine Rift)
Authors: Jean De Dieu Mangambu Mokoso , Honorine Ntahobavuka Habimana , Pascal Basinyize Birhashwirwa , Lucien-GÃ©deon Lokumu Ilombelombe , Elmar Robbrecht
Published: February 2021

This study was done in different forests Chablis and Edges dominated by the Pteridium aquilinum species in the mountain area of Kahuzi-Biega National Park (PNKB), eastern D.R. Congo, along the Mitumba range, in the Albertine Rift. The main goal of this study is to demonstrate the role of that patch of ferns in the recolonization of degraded areas for the forestry reconstruction and dynamics of different holes in that part of the park. The studied grouping is located at 1531 and 2452m of altitude and on acid soils that root allophatic reactions related to the aptitude of roots and rhizomes of Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn. The high presence of young Phanerophytes in these sites highlights the position of the grouping in the succession and dynamics of the vegetation. The general aspect of the vegetation is dominantly herbaceous, and presented as a green mosaic in the Pteridaie. The sociological classification shows 8 different eco-sociological groups (apart from non-classified) and Canonical Correspondence Analyses show that the relations between environmental variables and species are significant. The complexity of responses obtained warrants to bring more attention to forests Chablis and Edge diversity for better management and conservation of plant species.
Prevalence of canine parvoviral enteritis in pet dogs at Dhaka city of Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Sawrab , Ahmed Juned , Basit Md. Shamsul Islam , Ahmed Sagir Uddin , Alam Shahrul , Chowdhury Q M Monzur Kader , Sharma Binayok , Rahman Mohammad Sujaur , Popy Farzana Yeasmin
Published: February 2021

Background: Canine parvoviral enteritis is a highly contagious viral disease of dog that can lead to life-threating illness.Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of canine parvoviral enteritis in dogs of Dhaka City Corporation, Bangladesh.Methods: A total of 545 dogs were examined at Dr. Sagirâ€™s Pet Clinics and Research Centre, Dhaka during September 2016 to August 2017. The disease was diagnosed on the basis of clinical history, clinical signs and by CPV rapid Ag kit test.Results: Overall prevalence of canine parvoviral enteritis was recorded as 13.94%. The prevalence of canine parvoviral enteritis varied significantly (p<0.05) among different aged groups (23.63%, 10.63%, 8.27% in 0-6 months, 7-12 months and above 12 months respectively). Considering seasonal influences, highest prevalence was found in summer season (17.5%) followed by winter (12.12%) and rainy season (11.66%) which was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Male dogs (18.74%) were found to be significantly (p<0.05) higher susceptible in comparison with female (11.00%).Non-vaccinated dogs (80.0%) were at greater risk than vaccinated (2.58%), (p<0.05). There was significant (p<0.05) difference among various breeds where German Shepherd (40.78%) had highest prevalence of canine parvoviral enteritis followed by Labrador (22.36%), Rottweiler (21.05%), Doberman (13.15%) and cross breeds (4.4%). Dogs with poor health condition (20.75%) were more vulnerable than apparently healthy dogs (7.5%), (p<0.05).Conclusion: This result provides an empirical scenario of canine parvoviral enteritis in Dhaka city. Effective routine vaccination and control measures may reduce the disease burden in dog population.
Phytoremediation of battery industry effluent through aquatic macrophytes
Authors: Rashid Mahrine , Ahmad Iftilkhar , Muhammad Ashique , Ul Hassan Mahmood
Published: February 2021

Research was conducted to quantify the level of copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) contamination in battery industry effluent and to assess the remediation potential of three invasive aquatic macrophytes Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes and Hydrocotyle umbellata by growing on industrial effluent collected from Lead acid Battery industry.The effluent was heavily contaminated with Pb (10mg/l) and sulphuric acid (pH 2- 2.1). Due to high Pb concentrations and low pH (2-2.2) the plants were unable to survive. Mortality rate of E. crassipes was 96 % while P. stratiotes and H. umbellata were 100% rotten. The experiment was repeated after adjusting the effluent pH to 7-7.5 to increase the plant life.Plant parts and wastewater samples were analyzed after every 3 days interval uptil 21st day. The amount of Cr, Cd and Cu in the effluent was 0.076 mg /L, 0.036 mg /L and 0.097 mg /L, which was in permissible limits of NEQs (1.0 mg/l, 0.1 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l) respectively. Pb was found 10 times higher i.e. 10 mg/l than the permissible limit 0.5 mg/l. E. crassipes removed Pb>Cr>Cu>Cd while P. stratiotes and H. umbellata reduced Cd, Cr, Cu more than Pb from the effluent. E. crassipes was most efficient Pb removing plant in 21 days of experiment.Â Â
Comparative evaluation of anti-bacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticle, nanoparticle calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide against enterococcus faecalis biofilm- An In vitro study
Authors: V. Dr.Abirami , Ahamed Dr.A.Shafie , S. Dr.Bhavani , G. Dr.Rajaraman
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of silver Nanoparticles, Nanoparticle calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis bio film formed on root dentinThe Minimal inhibitory concentration test and Anti microbial test were conducted for silver nanoparticle, Nanoparticle calcium hydroxide. Teeth were inoculated with E.faecalis strains for 1month to establish a standard mono species bio film model. Biofilm formation is confirmed using SEM. The intracanal medicaments were placed inside the canal and colony forming units (CFU) were counted before and 7 days later the placement of the medicament.MIC for AGNP is 25Âµg/200Âµl and for NCH is 12.5Âµg/200Âµl. The Antimicrobial test conducted shows zone of inhibition about 11mm and 14mm for AGNP and NCH respectively at 500Âµg. The calcium hydroxides do not show any antibacterial activity at this concentration. In antibacterial efficacy test using CFU count, the AGNP and NCH shows 75% and 61% of antibacterial efficacy respectively whereas calcium hydroxide has exhibited just 11% of antibacterial efficacy. Silver Nanoparticles and nanoparticle calcium hydroxide had statistically significant difference in the reduction in the number of colonies when compared to calcium hydroxide by post hoc turkey test and p-value of <0.01 was considered as significant in this study.
Crouzonâ€™s syndrome: a new surgical approach
Authors: Madhumati Singh Dr. , Kishore Felix Dr. , Anjan Kumar Shah Dr.
Published: February 2021

Crouzonâ€™s syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive malformations of the skull and facial region, premature cranial suture closure is the most common skull abnormality, optic disc edema and proptosis are among the most common ocular findings. It is a genetic disorder of gene FGFR-2 (Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-2) in 95% of cases, and in 5% of cases, FGFR-3 (Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-3) mutation occurs.Once a suture becomes fused, growth perpendicular to that suture becomes restricted and the fused bones act as a single body structure. Compensatory growth occurs at the remaining open sutures to allow continued brain growth, resulting in abnormal bone growth and producing facial deformities.In the new born child, some potential problems that may need to be addressed include respiratory difficulties, feeding problems, neurologic complications such as hydrocephalus and the potential risk of developmental delay.We represent a literature review and a rare case of Crouzonâ€™s Syndrome, who wanted facial correction to be done at the age of 24years. We planned two stage surgical procedure, for correction of facial deformity.Â
Evaluation of hybrid implant in posterior edentulous maxilla with inadequate bone
Authors: Aabu Varghese Dr. , Varghese Mani Dr. , Sankar Vinod V Dr. , Arun George Dr.
Published: February 2021

Aim of this study is to investigate.Hybrid implant has got satisfactory results in our previous study in various edentulous areas with inadequate bone for endosseous implant placement .The credibility of the implant in the areas of posterior maxilla needed to be evaluated.Objectivesâ€¢Â Â Â Â Â  To evaluate the hybrid implant postoperatively 18 months for gingival status, pain, peri-implantitis and mobility, so that it can be applied in posterior maxillary edentulous spaces with inadequate bone as an alternative to conventional implant.Materials and methods15 patients were rehabilitated in the posterior edentulous areas with hybrid implant. we intended to study the rehabilitation of posterior maxillary edentulous space i.e. Maxillary- premolar, 1st molar and 2nd molar area with hybrid implant and evaluate the hybrid implant post operatively for 18months (1stmonth, 3rd month, 6th month ,12 th month,18thmonth).Resultsâ€¢Â Â Â Â Â  During the study period the implant system presented with no gingivitis, peri-implantitis, and pain.â€¢Â Â Â Â Â  The periotest test values show the implant system to be very much stable.â€¢Â Â Â Â Â  Also proves to be safe, economical and clinician and patient friendly compared to other implant systems.Conclusionâ€¢Â Â Â Â Â  Hybrid implant system proves to be very effective in rehabilitating the posterior maxillary regions with inadequate bone.â€¢Â Â Â Â Â  Also proves to be safe, economical and clinician and patient friendly compared to other implant systems.Â Â Â
Performance analysis of highly improved hybrid turbo codes for 4G wireless networks
Authors: Jose Raj M. , Sharmini Enoch Dr.
Published: February 2021

Efficient error correcting codes are essential in modern digital communication systems. Highly Improved Hybrid Turbo Code (HIHTC) is a low complex error and efficient error correcting code with excellentBit Error Rate (BER) which is comparable to Low Complexity Hybrid Turbo Codes (LCHTC), Improved Low Complexity Hybrid Turbo Codes (ILCHTC) and other Hybrid Turbo Codes. Rate 1/3 HIHTC shows a BER of 10-5 for E b/No of 1.7 dB which is closer to the E b/No of Improved Low Complexity Hybrid Turbo Codes. In this paper we analyze the performance of HIHTC in comparison with otherLow Complexity Hybrid Turbo Codes, for their performance in 4G and 5G wireless networksÂ Â
Experimental investigation of impact damage on repetitive loading tolerance in metal-fiber multilayers
Authors: Hasani Monfared Banan , Sedaghat Alireza
Published: February 2021

Fiber is not sensitive to fatigue in some fiber-metal multilayers. They leave a large part of the load through the cracks and prevent the crack from opening. Due to this prevention, the opening in GLARE is less than that of the metals. Unlike what is observed in metals, concentration factor of crack tip is not fully influenced by increase in crack length. Hence, this study uses the experimental method to examine post-impact fatigue behavior of glass fiber-reinforced metal composites, known as GLARE. The GLARE made in this study was produced by autoclave in three types of GLARE 1.2-3, GLARE 1.2-4 and GLARE 3.2-5 and was exposed to impact test by different forces and then fatigue test with different cycles. The results were studied. The results showed that the first GLARE 1.2-3 specimen was completely pierced after the impact test. The second GLARE 1.2-3 specimen produced fatigue cracks from impact dent in the only aluminum impacted layer. These cracks were then amplified to the edge of the specimen. Both GLARE 1.2-4 specimens showed approximately equal fatigue life. The first GLARE 1.2-4 specimen failed near the radius due to the disturbing cracks in a way that is common in FML specimen. Moreover, both GLARE 1.2-4 specimens exhibited cracking in both aluminum layers. In 1.2-5 GLARE, both specimens showed a decrease in fatigue life and increase in impact energy.
Controllable and flexible energy production in a water-based photovoltaic/thermal system
Authors: Aminou Moussavou AA. , Raji AK. , Adonis M.
Published: February 2021

A combined solar photovoltaic and thermal (PV/T) system is not just a product that makes our life easier, nor is it a luxury. In the future economics will make the use of the PV/T system essential. The purpose of this to improve the energy balance in a PV/T system, by control-ling the thermal energy (useful heat) production for the domestic hot water as well as the electrical production. Simulation and analysis of a simplified model of the PV/T system for cooling the PV cell and heating the working fluid inside of the absorber pipe attached at the back of the PV cell were implemented in MATLAB /Simulink software. The optimal electrical and thermal power were obtained by selecting a par-ticular value of Rse that partially converts the output of the PV cell into useful thermal energy. It was discovered that increasing the chosen value of Rse results in higher heat dissipation in the PV/T cell, an increase in thermal efficiency, and also a decrease in electrical efficiency.
Acoustic performance of cooling towers on neighbor residential building and noise reduction methods
Authors: S. Seddeq H. , M. Abdel-Aziz A. , El-Sayed Shalaby Mahfouz. , Y. Elmasry A.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this research is to present an assessment of the noise impact of cooling equipment and determine if the noise levels comply with the permissible limits or not. Also, it presents two calculation methods to predict the acoustic performance of the cooling towers on a neighbor residential building. Comparison of the actual measurements vs. the predicted levels was carried out to select the appropriate calculation method to perform analysis for different noise reduction techniques and determines the best way to achieve the acceptable noise criteria. The results showed that the most effective methods for noise control are obtained by using variable frequency control for the cooling tower fans and lined plenum champers together or individual.
Dispersion degree data and chemical properties of Nigerian steel bars used as structural element
Authors: Ehizemhen Igibah Christopher , Omolayo Agashua Lucia , Abubakar Sadiq Adavudi
Published: February 2021

The study was aimed at assessing degree of uncertainty, effect of water and other chemicals on both locally made and imported reinforcement used for structural elements via Optical Emission Spectrometry technique. Reinforcement from various locations in Lagos state, Nigeria was soaked with chemicals (NaOH, Na2SO4, H2SO4, HCl and H2O) to detect chemicals impact. The results indicated that Carbon, phosphorus and sulphur of Pulkit reinforcement was within ASTM limit. The severity of aqueous solutions on steel rebars was in the order H2SO4 > HCl > Na2SO4 > H2O for both local and imported local bars, while steel rebars were not affected by NaOH solution. Degree of dispersion (COV) of local steel was the highest. This was in terms of elongation of 23.69%, H2SO4 of 0.39% and 1.24% for one and six weeks respectively.
Toxicological properties of activated carbons with saturated by cationic surfactant surface
Authors: V. Sharov Artem , M. Plotnikova Olga , I. Rykova Ðnna , V. Evseev Vadim
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the effects of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, sorbed on activated carbons, on vital signs of some living systems.Extracts from carbon, saturated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, were injected into the organisms of laboratory mice and soil samples. The biochemical blood parameters were determined from laboratory mice. In soils was determined the enzymatic activity, as well as the number of major groups of soil microorganisms.In mice, under the influence of surfactants on active carbons, the activity of enzymes associated with the functioning of the liver changes to a greater extent. The effect on the urease activity of the soil was not detected, the phosphatase activity under the action of surfactants increases, catalase and dehydrogenase - fall. The number of oligonitrophils, oligotrophs and amylolytics is reduced. A decrease in the effect of surfactant bonded to the active carbons surface on the systems as compared with free surfactants has been recorded.The increase in the number of ammonifiers with the introduction of surfactants can be used for microbiological cleaning of waste active carbone.Â Â Â
An invariant descriptor map for 3D objects matching
Authors: El Chakik Abdallah , El Sayed Abdul Rahman , Alabboud Hassan , Bakkach Amer
Published: February 2021

Meshes and point clouds are traditionally used to represent and match 3D shapes. The matching prob-lem can be formulated as finding the best one-to-one correspondence between featured regions of two shapes. This paper presents an efficient and robust 3D matching method using vertices descriptors de-tection to define feature regions and an optimization approach for regions matching. To do so, we compute an invariant shape descriptor map based on 3D surface patches calculated using Zernike coef-ficients. Then, we propose a multi-scale descriptor map to improve the measured descriptor map quali-ty and to deal with noise. In addition, we introduce a linear algorithm for feature regions segmentation according to the descriptor map. Finally, the matching problem is modelled as sub-graph isomorphism problem, which is a combinatorial optimization problem to match feature regions while preserving the geometric. Finally, we show the robustness and stability of our method through many experimental re-sults with respect to scaling, noise, rotation, and translation.Â Â
Comparing continuous control policies by modeling and simulation of the procurement process
Authors: Douraid Abdessamad , Ech-Cheikh Hamid , El Had Khalid , Laradi Mohamed
Published: February 2021

Inventory management is a challenging problem area in supply chain management and companies need to have inventories in warehouses in order to satisfy customer's needs. Meanwhile, these inventories have holding costs and this is a frozen fund that can be lost. Therefore, the task of inventory management is to find the right quantity of inventories that will fulfill the demand with the right price, avoiding overstocks. The aim of this paper is to carry out a comparing study of continuous inventory control policies in a stochastic environment of demand and lead time, in order to find out the impacts of the decision variables of each inventory control policy. For this purpose, the discrete event simulation approach has been chosen to generate various scenarios of inventory control policies of the procurement process by taking into account the production planning of the manufacturing company. The comparison of these configurations based on the essential key performance indicators of the supply chain, namely the cost and service level.Â Â
Analysis of a three phase capacitor voltage balanced hybrid multi-level inverter with a three phase RL-load
Authors: Crescent O Omeje , Damian B Nnadi , Charles I. Odeh , Candidus U. Eya , Stephen E Oti
Published: February 2021

This paper outlined the basic concepts of two selected types of hybrid multi-level inverters that were capacitor voltage-source dependent. A natural capacitor voltage balancing involving hysteresis with redundant switching states was analyzed in this paper. Simulations using MATLAB 7.14 were carried out for an unbalanced and a well-balanced capacitor voltage supply under 0V, 100V and 200V pre-charged capacitor voltage conditions. A comparative analysis of the two types of hybrid multi-level inverters (Type A and Type B) with pertinent to %THD values of [35.77% and 23.79%] for Type A and [92.10% and 84.94%] for type B during fault occurrence were evaluated in this work. These harmonic values can lead to thermal run away and total malfunction of the semi-conductor switches. An experimental vali-dation of Type A hybrid multi-level inverter with a three level flying capacitor input stage and H-bridge output stage using a three phase RL-Load of 15â„¦ and 45mH was accomplished in the laboratory with results compared with the simulations for experimental verification.Â Â
Lean management implementation difficulties, studies and recommendations
Authors: Jouhri Mohammed , Soulhi Aziz
Published: February 2021

Speeding up FAST FASHION development cycles for the apparel industry, always bringing more values to the customer, seeking perfor-mance through continuous improvement. This paper presents a deployment approach to Lean Management, helping to make it more con-crete, efficient, less theoretical. The realization of the approach was based on case studies, state of art and references made in Moroccan companies in the textile and clothing sector. This analysis sheds light on the importance of aligning the lean management strategy with the company's strategy and values, hence the use of the socio-technical approach. The objective of this study is to realize a brief application of Lean Management, able to transform it from a theoretical organization to a practical one. This Lean Deployment Study is considered unique in that it addresses the need to work on psychology, culture, societal values of each company, to prepare for and align it with Lean manage-ment strategy, before attacking its practices. This article is a first development of strategies and methodologies proposed for improvements that seek to focus on the overall performance of the company.Â
Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing convergence: profiling guidelines for a fourth revolution
Authors: Henry Avila John , De JesÃºs Gil-Herrera Richard
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, all companies are subject to new global trends related to smart manufacturing, connectivity, information technologies applications, big cloud-based data analysis, Cyber-Physical Systems, among others. These factors generate changes in the supply chain of manufacturing and service companies. According to literature reviewing, the applicable central model of the new trends, which allows these companies to face these changes, has been in continues movement. To understand the behavior of these trends, a documentary review related to Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing as trends that outline the fourth industrial revolution, is facing through this work. As result of this review, the authors to develop holistically a semantic representation of the main terms of descriptive figures and graphs, some components and terminology related to Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing. As main conclusion, this reached integrated view, aimed to establish a semantic guideline of the fourth industrial revolution that may be also applicable to the enterprise no matter its size.Â Â
MLR institute of technology campus energy monitoring and controlling system with interconnection of grid and solar power
Authors: Sreenivasa reddy M. , Shubhangi Rao A. , Sai Prakash Ch.
Published: February 2021

This paper mainly deals with energy consumption and monitoring of each block after carefully observing where the losses occur and how to minimize these losses and how to reduce unit consumption of each block and units consumed by capacitor bank. Base loads and Peak loads can be observed and operated in such a way as to reduce unit consumption.MLR college has 315KVA power from the grid as well as 260KW solar power generating unit where 40 percent of the power from the grid is saved. Proper planning for operating the underground bore motors used for Hostels, Mess and College buildings also saves some amount of units consumed by these motors. Further if power factor is maintained 0.99 instead of 0.2 or 0.3 some amount of units consumed can be saved. Further if maximum demand is prevented from reaching beyond the transformer rating then some amount of units consumed can be saved. Installing copper earth pits of suitable numbers for each block and balancing the loads in each phase can also reduce the losses.Synchronizing panel is to be connected to the existing 4 generators of rating 200KVA,180KVA and two numbers of 125 KVA to utilize the power resources properly.The common electrical problems like short circuit, open circuit, over voltage, low voltage, frequent power cuts, low power factor, high electricity bills damage in the meters etc. The above electrical problems are identified, rectified and frequently monitored through modern technologies like IOT.Â Â
Evaluation of the thermal performance of a box type solar cooker in the rainy season in a sub-Saharan country
Authors: Soro D. , Doumbia Y. , MarÃ­ B. , Fofana B. , A. YAO N. , TourÃ© S. , Aka B.
Published: February 2021

This article deals with the calculation of the performance parameters of a box-type solar cooker in a sub-Saharan country in the rainy season where the solar activity is considerably attenuated because of the numerous cloudy periods. The various tests were carried out at the Labora-tory of Fundamental and Applied Physical Sciences of the Ã‰cole Normale SupÃ©rieure (ENS) in Abidjan. During these cooking tests, the illuminance was measured. The temperatures of the ambient air and of various places of the solar cooker were also recorded. Illumination measurements made with an EPPLEY type pyranometer made it possible to determine the average illuminance which oscillates between 636.98 w / mÂ² and 517.91w / mÂ² depending on the day. The average energy efficiency of the cooker has been calculated for the cooking of several foods. It varies between 20.48 Ùª to 26.59%. The overall loss coefficient is between 5.63 and 5.82. The results obtained for these tests are satisfactory and very encouraging, especially since they were carried out in the rainy season.Â Â Â
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: current knowledge on the use of canagliflozin, dapagliflozin and empagliflozin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Martha Lilac Ketisha Antoine Malyn , Xu Yancheng
Published: February 2021

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors are considered the newest class of medication developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This class of drug reduces blood glucose levels by decreasing glucose absorption at the level of the kidneys. Through their mechanism of action, drugs within this class exhibit the ability to reduce blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and body weight. The common side effects observed with the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors include: genital mycotic infections, intravascular volume depletion and dehydration. To date, much is already known about Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and their use in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, continuous studies are currently being undertaken to further investigate the cardiovascular benefits and side effect profile of this class of drug. This review discusses sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors specifically focusing on what is currently known about the use of canagliflozin, dapagliflozin and empagliflozin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Â
COVID-19: what should we learn?
Authors: Pozzi MD A , Pozzi MD F , Campione MD A , Iorio MD A
Published: February 2021

At the beginning of 2020 the COVID-19 outbreak had a massive impact on socio-economic, psychology and health system. The authors depict the possible weak points that influenced the spread infection. A collective decision making should be suggested in order to have an unvarying control to counteract future outbreaks, along with the needed of more health resources.Â Â
Diabetic autonomic neuropathies as a major risk factor for silent myocardial ischemia and infarction: a literature review
Authors: Shek Kamara Kindo , Feng Tong Chuan
Published: February 2021

A substantial number of myocardial infarctions (MIs) are asymptomatic or associated with mi-nor and atypical symptoms. These symptoms are often atypical or even absent, especially in di-abetic patients. A number of studies on this topic have shown that in the presence of myocardial ischemia and infarction, diabetic patients report angina less frequently than non-diabetic pa-tients. In this article review, we researched several published articles written about this subject and investigated the relationship between Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in patients and the occur-rence of silent myocardial ischemia and infarction due to the onset of diabetic neuropathy (DN), which is brought about by prolonged diabetes. Based on our research of published articles and studies, we found overwhelming evidence that supports the fact that diabetic autonomic neu-ropathy (DAN) is a major contributing factor in the morbidity of silent myocardial ischemia and infarction among patients suffering from DM.Â Â