bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dosimetric Verification of Grid Radiotherapy Using Three Ionization Chamber Detectors o Dosimetry
Authors: Alanizy Najah A. , Attalla Ehab M. , Abdelaal Ahmed M. , Yassen Mohamed N. , Shafaa Medhat W.
Published: November 2022

This study aims to provide verification between measured and calculated radiation dose using three different ionization chamber detectors in Grid plans to select the best ones To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical experiment in such subject. Grid radiotherapy is an unconventional method for bulky tumors treatment. It is characterized by a single-fraction and high radiation dose. Ten cases (scenarios) were selected to achieve Grid plans by MLCs, with a single dose of 1500-2000 cGy. Three ionization detectors were employed to measure the maximum, mean, and point doses (cGy), and match them with those calculated by the linear accelerator used in this study. The results showed significant differences among the three detectors in measuring the maximum and mean doses, with p-value = 0.0016 and 0.06, respectively. While the differences among the measured three detectors and calculated doses for the point dose were non-significant, p = 0.12. The variation in the results of the corresponding percentage between calculated and measured doses depended on the type and position of the detector, the scattering, and the leakage of the radiation. In conclusions, the Semi-flex chamber gives the best results.
Un geste d’hospitalité aux demandeurs d’asile.
Authors: Belkhodja Chedly , Gratton Cassandre
Published: November 2022

Cet article s’intéresse à la mobilisation d’un collectif de citoyens, Bridges not Borders - Créons des ponts (BnotB), qui s’est porté à la défense des demandeurs d’asile qui ont traversé de façon irrégulière la frontière canado-américaine au chemin Roxham (Québec) depuis 2017. Le cas de BnotB contribue à la littérature sur les frontières en y apportant une perspective qui s’intéresse aux dynamiques et mobilisations citoyennes venant en aide aux personnes vulnérables le long de passages frontaliers.  À partir d’une analyse documentaire et d’entretiens semi-dirigés, nous présentons une action « par le bas », menée par des citoyens et citoyennes mobilisés par les enjeux migratoires, que nous définissons par le thème de l’hospitalité.
Generalized N* ideal closed sets in Nano N* ideal topological Spaces With Some Properties
Authors: Nabila I. Aziz  , Taha H. Jasim
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we will study a new class of sets and said to be generalized N* ideal -closed sets in nano N* ideal topological spaces and its properties. Furthermore the relationships were introduced and notation
Detecting Outliers in the Simple Linear Regression for Children Affected with Leukemia in Mosul City
Authors: Shaymaa Riyadh Thanoon  , Mohammed Nafe  Abd Alrazzaq
Published: November 2022

In this study, the problem of outlier detection in “linear regression” analysis is studied using the “median” and “mean” “absolute deviation” about the median. “The mean and standard deviation” are heavily affected by outliers Hence, the outlier detection techniques based on these measures may not correctly identify all outliers in a dataset. However, “the mean absolute deviation about the median”, in combination with the median is sufficiently robust in the presence of outliers and provides a better alternative. The conceptualized method was tested using leukemia patients data and the results indicate that the new method performed better than the methods based on the mean/ standard deviation combination. It is recommended that the median and “mean absolute deviation” about the median be used in detecting outliers in regression analysis due to their inherent potential for increasing the” goodness-of-fit of the “linear regression mode
The Effect of Operation Modes on the Electron Beam Diameter in Condenser Magnetic Lenses System
Authors: Mohammed A. Hussein  , R.Y. J. Al-Salih  , Abdullah I. M. Alabdullah
Published: November 2022

The effect of operation modes of condensing magnetic lenses has been investigated to determining the total demagnification and the diameter of the electron beam coming out of it. The cross-over point inside the electron gun is considered as the object (do) with a diameters ranges of (10 – 100 µm) to find out the optical efficiency of the double lens condensing system and its ability to forming a high précising image of the 1st real image formed inside electron gun of thermal emission that acts as an actual source of electron beam. The following modes; (weak- weak), (weak- strong), (strong- strong), and (strong- weak); denoted as (#1, #2, #3, #4 respectively); have been studied. The best value for the total demagnification and the diameter of the electron beam has been obtained in the mode of (strong- strong; #3); where the parameters were: (dMt = 1014.199), (d2 = 49.3 nm), while the worst value has been achieved in the mode (weak- weak; #1) (dMt = 31.56267), (d2 = 1584.15 nm). It is found that by increasing the demagnification of the first condenser lens, the demagnification of the final real image produced by the double lens system has been positively affected. It is found that the relationships that obtained between the demagnification and the current density can be used as a calibration curve to obtain the required total demagnification for the electronic beam diameter for any mode according to the purpose of the desired application.
Reservoir Characteristics of the Lower Miocene Carbonate Formations in Kor Mor Gasfield, Kirkuk Area, NE Iraq
Authors: Fouad M. Qader  , Shabaz M. Ali
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the evaluations of the reservoir characterization of the Lower Miocene Euphrates, and Jeribe carbonate formations that have been selected for this study in Kor Mor Gasfield in Northeastern Iraq. The Euphrates ranged in thickness between 30 and 65, and Jeribe 30 and 50m in this field, and they are overlain by a thick evaporate cap rock of the Fatha Formation. The two formations are separated by the thin evaporate rock unit of the Dhiban Formation
The full set of log data for the well Km-9 was used in addition to some general data derived from other eight wells (Km-1 to Km-8). The log data have been used in evaluating the reservoir properties of the two rock units. The detected lithologies from the available mud log and well reports showed that the two formations mostly dolostone and dolomitic limestone were dominated. From the log data, different types of reservoir properties (clay content, clay types, porosity, and fracture index,) have been estimated. The average porosity of the Euphrates reservoir is around of 0.15, and the Jeribe 0.10, the secondary porosity makes a significant fraction of porosity in both units.
Theoretical Studies of the Optical Properties of ZnS , ZnO and CdS Nanopartical Using the Brus Equation
Authors: Assim Ahmed Issa  , Tamathir Abbas Hamoudi
Published: November 2022

In the present work, Brus equation has been used to study the size effect of the quantum dot on the optical properties of some semiconductor compounds ( CdS, ZnS and ZnO). It is found that the absorption wavelength and bandgap energy are dependent on the size of the QD. As the size of the QD decreases, the bandgap energy increases and the absorption wavelength decreases. There is good agreement of the theoretical results of the bandgap energy and absorption wavelength obtained in this study using Brus equation with the published experimental results for the semiconductor compounds mentioned above.
Ignition and Extinction Characteristics of Electrically Controlled Solid Propellants
Authors: Li Yang , Xia Zhi-xun , Ma Li-kun , Na Xu-dong
Published: November 2022

The ignition and extinction characteristics of perchlorate-based electrically controlled solid propellants (ECSPs) that can achieve multiple ignition and produce controllable thrusts were investigated. We examined the multiple-ignition and combustion behaviors of ECSPs and identified the basic ignition-model parameters for these materials. Single-frame photography and a schlieren imaging system were used to determine the ignition, combustion, and extinction properties of two different ECSP formulations at various voltages, pressures, and initial temperatures. The results revealed that increasing the voltage, pressure, and initial temperature reduced the ignition delay; whereas increasing the number of ignitions decreased the ignition delay and ignition energy but increased the extinction delay and smoldering time. Furthermore, under the same experimental conditions, the voltage, pressure, and initial temperature produced a larger effect on a nonmetallic ECSP than on an ECSP containing 5% aluminum (Al) powder. The nonmetallic ECSP exhibited a longer ignition delay, higher ignition energy, and better extinguishing performance than the Al-containing ECSP. Moreover, four distinct stages of the ECSP ignition process were identified. The findings of this study demonstrated that the electrical energy consumed during condensed phase heating plays a critical role in propellant ignition.
Inventarisasi Arthropoda dan Tingkat Serangan Hama pada Teknik Budidaya Padi (Oryza sativa L.) di Desa Bumi Agung Kecamatan Lempuing
Authors: Gunawan Bambang , Arsi Arsi , Anisyatulusna Indah
Published: November 2022

Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman budidaya yang sangat penting karena merupakan tanaman pangan yang                    menghasilkan bahan makanan berupa beras dan telah menjadi makanan pokok lebih dari setengah penduduk dunia. Budidaya tanaman padi masih sering menghadapi kendala dalam mencapai produksi yang diharapkan. Salah satu penyebabnya ialah serangan hama tanaman padi yang menyebabkan kerusakan pada masa vegetatif maupun generatif yang dapat menurunkan hasil panen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui cara budidaya tanaman padi, spesies arthropoda serta tingkat serangan hama di Desa Bumi Agung, Kecamatan Lempuing. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2021 dengan metode survei pada lima lahan sawah yang berbeda di Desa Bumi Agung dengan cara mewawancarai petani untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang perilaku petani dalam budidaya tanaman padi dan mengamati serangga hama yang ada di pertanaman padi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukannya tiga hama yang berada di tanaman padi antara lain Oxya chinensis, Acrida cinerea, dan Atherigona sp. Pengendalian yang dilakukan oleh petani dalam mengendalikan serangan hama berupa jajar legowo, kultur teknis seperti pengolahan lahan, pemupukan, penyiangan gulma dan lainnya yang termasuk ke dalam pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT). Hasil pengamatan yang dianalisis menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pengendalian  hama terpadu (PHT) terbukti  menurunkan serangan hama di 5 lahan sawah yang dilakukan observasi, dan lahan ke-5 tidak   ditemukan serangga hama dan gulma di persawahannya.
Respons Pertumbuhan Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr.) terhadap Seed Treatment Matriconditioning dan Aplikasi Pemupukan yang Berbeda
Authors: Wahyuni Ari , Hakim Nurman Abdul , Putri Ria , Feronica Tera
Published: November 2022

Salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan dalam produksi tanaman adalah penggunaan benih bermutu. Ketersediaan benih bermutu berpengaruh terhadap kualitas dan produksi yang dihasilkan. Kenyataan di lapangan diketahui bahwa benih kedelai yang dijual oleh toko-toko penyalur benih adalah benih-benih yang telah melewati masa simpan dan disimpan pada kondisi tempat yang tidak baik sehingga menyebabkan mutu benih menurun. Agar tetap dapat digunakan untuk pertanaman diperlukan suatu teknik peningkatan performa benih kedelai melalui matriconditioning dan pemupukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan matriconditioning dan pemupukan terhadap peningkatkan pertumbuhan benih kedelai yang telah disimpan selama dua bulan. Penelitian ini menggunkan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dua faktor dengan 3 ulangan, faktor pertama media matriconditioning (tanpa matriconditioning, serbuk gergaji dan arang sekam) dan faktor kedua pemupukan (tanpa aplikasi pupuk organik dan pupuk anorganik), 100% pupuk organik, 100% pupuk anorganik, serta 100% pupuk organik + 50%  pupuk anorganik). Data selanjutnya diuji lanjut menggunakan BNT 5%. Variabel pengamatan yang dilakukan yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot kering daun, bobot kering batang, bobot kering akar dan jumlah bintil akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh interaksi antara media matriconditioning dan pemupukan terhadap variabel pengamatan tinggi tanaman, bobot kering daun, perlakuan matriconditioning tunggal memberikan pengaruh terhadap variabel pengamatan bobot kering akar dan jumlah bintil akar dalam peningkatan mutu dan pertumbuhan benih.
Kata kunci : kedelai, mutu, matriconditioning, pemupukan
Comparative analysis of sexual behavior and assessment of awareness of STIs and HIV infection among young people of two generations
Authors: Khryanin Alexey  A. , Shpiks Tatjana A. , Russkikh Maria V.
Published: November 2022

Background. Over the past 20 years, various preventive measures have been taken to educate the young generation, which is the most vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV infection. A comparative analysis of the results of a survey of young people (belonging to two different generations: millennials and zoomers) on sexual behavior and awareness of STIs and HIV infection allows us to assess the existing characteristics of the sexual behavior of young people and contribute to the further improvement of preventive measures among young people regarding STI/HIV infection.
Aims. Comparative analysis of sexual behavior and assessment of the level of knowledge about STIs and HIV infection among young people (generations Y and Z).
Materials and methods. For a comparative assessment of the level of awareness on the issues of prevention and risky sexual behavior in relation to STIs and HIV infection, data from earlier sociological surveys of young people in 20012002 and in 20172020 in the city of Novosibirsk were used. Among the respondents, a questionnaire was used, consisting of 23 questions, developed by the staff of the Department of Dermatovenereology of the First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov and the Center for the Sociology of Deviance and Social Control of the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, adapted by the authors. The questionnaire consisted of two parts, the first part contained questions characterizing students' knowledge about the ways of transmission of STI/HIV infection and methods of prevention. The second part of the questionnaire is devoted to the issues of risky sexual behavior of students. Statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and SPSS programs. The 2 test and the independent Student's t-test were evaluated. Statistical significance was set as p 0.05.
Results. A total of 772 young men took part in the study, of which 321 students were interviewed in 20012002 (Generation Y), and 451 students in 20172020 (Generation Z). The results show that generations of young people (milleneals and zoomers) differ from each other in terms of the source of information about STIs, sexual intercourse with strangers, condom use, and the frequency of same-sex sexual intercourse.
Conclusions. There is a positive trend in the sexual behavior of the younger generation. More structured promotion of STI/HIV prevention is needed, which will take into account current trends and features of obtaining information from young people.
The Effort of Principal Improving Quality Education In Online Learning at SD Muhammadiyah Blimbingrejo Jepara
Authors: Wiranata Rz. Ricky Satria , Khoirunnisa Fairuz Nurillah , Citraningsih Diningrum
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the principal's efforts in improving the quality of education in online learning at SD Muhammadiyah Blimbingrejo Jepara and the supporting and inhibiting factors. This study uses a qualitative approach. The research subjects were principals, vice principals and teachers. Research data obtained through interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques with data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Checking the validity of the data obtained through triangulation of sources and triangulation of techniques. The results of this study indicate that the state of education quality before the pandemic was quite good. However, the quality of education began to decline after the pandemic and the implementation of online learning. Efforts made by school principals in improving the quality of education in online learning are carrying out their functions as school principals, implementing curriculum according to needs, optimizing the procurement of online learning support devices, and controlling online learning activities. Improving the quality of education in online learning is supported by adequate school facilities, but also experiences obstacles, including the majority of teachers in schools are dominated by female teachers so that management is needed in assigning tasks and responsibilities to teachers who are able to carry it out and there are teachers who lack the ability to do it. the use of technology or digital literacy, as well as students who are bored in carrying out online learning
PENANAMAN NILAI MORAL DAN SIKAP TOLERANSI BAGI KELUARGA BEDA AGAMA
Authors: Edi Relit Nur , Ritonga Rifandy , Isharyanto Isharyanto , Suhendri Aan
Published: November 2022

Moral values ​​and tolerance for families of different religions are the foundation in the most important efforts to maintain harmony in the family. Working together in doing good without differentiating the type of religion is a way to increase and strengthen harmony. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that trigger religious differences in the family, to determine the inculcation of moral values ​​in children in different religious families and to determine the tolerance attitude of society in families in which have different religions. This research uses field research, using a qualitative descriptive approach, which is to clearly describe events in the form of moral inculcation and tolerance for families of different religions through the interview process. Factors that trigger religious differences in families due to interfaith marriages and interfaith families due to changing religions. The inculcation of children's moral values ​​in families of different religions includes: religiosity, discipline and morals. The attitude of tolerance in the community applies an attitude of tolerance to families of different religions including: freedom of religion, respect for different religions, and agreeing with religious differences. All types of applications carried out by the community have an attitude of tolerance.
Peranan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Pada Meningkatkan Keterampilan Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas XI SMKN 2 Bangkalan
Authors: Agustina Lita , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati , Silver Soesiana Tri Ekawati
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan dan mendiskripsikan fenomenologi (1) keterampilan menyimak siswa melalui kegiatan Pembelajaran projek base learning.(2) keterampilan berbicara siswa melalui kegiatan Pembelajaran projek base learning Dunia Usaha Dan Industri  (3) keterampilan membaca siswa melalui kegiatan Pembelajaran projek base learning Dunia Usaha dan Industri (4) keterampilan menulis siswa melalui kegiatan Pembelajaran projek base learning Dunia Usaha dan Industri.  Jenis Penelitian pada penelitian ini kualitatif. disain penelitian penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dan Sumber data penelitian Informan kunci key informan atau informan kunci sebagai sumber data, peneliti menggunakan purposive snowball sample Teknik Pengumpulan Data Observasi, Wawancara, Dokumentasi, Analisis  Data kualitatif positivism. Penelitian ini menghasilkan  pertama  (1)keterampilan menyimak siswa melalui kegiatan Pembelajaran projek base learning Dunia Usaha Dan Industri  sangat membantu dan  diperlukan untuk memahami instruksi dan penjelasan, (2) Keterampilan  berbicara siswa melalui kegiatan Pembelajaran projek base learning Dunia Usaha Dan Industri  merupakan kesempatan untuk menumbuhkan kemampuan berbicara 3. Keterampilan membaca siswa melalui kegiatan Pembelajaran projek base learning Dunia Usaha dan Industri  menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan membaca memahami petunjuk kerja (4) Keterampilan  menulis siswa melalui kegiatan Pembelajaran projek base learning meningkatkan kemampuan menulis sebagai alat bantu dalam berkomunikasi dengan beberapa tujuan yang akan dicapai dalam pembelajaran projek base learning baik tujuan secara teks instruksi dan deskripsi.
The Form Of "Fa’ala Yaf’ulu" and Its Meanings According to the Morphologists | ṣyghoh “Fa’ala Yaf’ulu” Wama’aniiha ‘Inda Aṣarfiiyn
Authors: Muhammad Bello , Imam Awal Ibrahim
Published: November 2022

The open-eyed “Fa’ala” has several meanings, because it is the lightest and most frequently used weight in the Arabic language, and its lightness is what indicates its frequent use, and its meanings are more than other weights, and it conveys the meaning of plural, differentiation, giving, preventing, consenting, refraining, harming, prevailing, pushing, transferring, and stability. Walking, covering, stripping, throwing, reforming and corrupting, voting, order, appearance and nourishment.
Improving Speaking Skill Through A Word-Guessing Game | La’batun Takhmin al-Kalimat fiy Kafaaty Maharatul al-Kalam
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , M Alda agus
Published: November 2022

In learning Arabic, interesting methods and teaching media are needed,in order the students can be motivated to learn actively. The word guessing game is kind of one interesting way to make the conditions comfortable education. As for the method used, it is part of cooperative learning, which is a word guessing game, and than In this research, the researcher chose the tittle improving speaking skill through A word-guessing game. The aim of this research is to find out whether the effect of guessing game on speaking skill. This study is used quantitative study with object 26 female students, and data collection was used by the test and linear regression analysis. Data collection technique using interviews and tests. The analysis used is linear regression. The result of the research that was conducted found that the word guessing game has a small effect in improving of speaking skill for the fourth year intensive female students at Al-Amien Islamic University.
Development of Listening Skills Evaluation Instruments | Pengembangan Instrumen Evaluasi Keterampilan Menyimak
Authors: Yustuti Sherly , Masrun Masrun , Hikmah Hikmah
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the development of listening skills evaluation instruments students of class VIII MTs PP. Muallimin Muhammadiyah Bangkinang City. This research method is descriptive qualitative. This study describes the development of a listening skill evaluation instrument. The results showed that to measure listening skills, apart from being seen from the side of communication, listening skills can also be measured through evaluation of learning with instruments or various tests. In maharahh istima’ there area 3 levels, namely beginner level (mubtadi’), intermediate level (muttawassit) and advanced level (mutaqoddim). The Arabic listening skill test is divided into two parts, namely: a language sound test (iktibar al-ashwat) and a test for understanding the text heard (fahm al- masmu’). The language sound test includes repeating the spoken word, identifying sounds, distinguishing sounds of similar letters, identifying in terms of meaning, identifying sounds based on nahwu rules, and distinguishing between muzakkar and mu’annas. Meanwhile, what is included is an understanding test of what is heard, namely responding to speech in the form of motion sentences, understanding a simple text in the form of dialogue, understanding a simple text in narrative form and writing numbers.
Cognitive Flexibility in terms of Mathematics Education Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sugilar Hamdan , Nuraida Ida
Published: November 2022

Cognitive flexibility is the ability to think openly and be able to solve problems from different perspectives. People who have good cognitive flexibility will be able to learn faster, solve problems more creatively, and adapt and respond to new situations more effectively. This research method is a quantitative method of measuring the ability of cognitive flexibility as measured by questions that meet the indicators of cognitive flexibility with the object of research being the sixth semester student of one of the universities in the city of Bandung. The instrument consists of cognitive flexibility questions, theories about cognitive flexibility, and questionnaires. Processing of data by calculating the percentage of answering the questionnaire and scores of cognitive flexibility test scores in complex analysis courses. The results of the study showed that the ability to think openly, and many ideas and ideas about something was still low and the two abilities had a low correlation with lecture outcomes. So that the ability to think openly, and many ideas and ideas need to be improved so that students have an open mind and find new ideas in solving problems
Bibliometric Mapping of the Mathematics Role in Daily Life
Authors: Iswanto Ahmad , Husna Asma Ul , Kristianti Kristianti , Amalia Kiki , Kurniyasih Nur , Muntazhimah Muntazhimah
Published: November 2022

This study aims to analyze the bibliometric mapping the mathematics' role in everyday life. This study uses a qualitative method by comparing the information obtained from a Google Scholer search. This method is entirely based on the hunt for journal articles developed through bibliometric analysis. Data was collected using Publish or Perish (PoP) and visualized using VOSviewer. In this study, researchers obtained metadata from as many as 995 articles of applied mathematics in everyday life published on April 15, 2022, using a database of 1000 articles from 1926 to 2022. The results and discussion of the bibliometric analysis that has been carried out show that this research topic is still possible. Other researchers for the next period because the data that has been analyzed is still categorized as feasible, and there are still few studies related to bibliometric mapping of the role of mathematics in everyday life. Then suggestions for further research if researchers are interested in choosing a research topic on bibliometric mapping of the role of mathematics in everyday life, namely by connecting various other activities in society and combining it with the progress that developed during the research period so that the data obtained is always up-to-date to evaluate the effectiveness of mathematics in daily life
Evidências científicas dos impactos de compostos bioativos no indivíduo adulto diabético: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Marcela da , Nogueira Débora Luiza , Manfredi Paula , Souza Isabel Fernandes de , Klier Andréia
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Identificar evidências presentes na literatura científica, no quinquênio compreendido entre janeiro de 2017 e dezembro de 2021, acerca dos impactos dos compostos bioativos sobre os parâmetros no Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Métodos: Consistiu em uma revisão integrativa com estudos publicados nas bases de dados SciELO, MEDLINE e LILACS. Os critérios de inclusão de estudos foram artigos de revistas científicas; pesquisas realizadas em humanos; qualis B2 ou superior; estudo com compostos bioativos voltados a parâmetros do DM. Resultados: Foram incluídos quatro estudos clínicos randomizados que abordavam os parâmetros do DM: glicemia de jejum; teste oral de tolerância à glicose; hemoglobina glicada; marcador de resistência e sensibilidade à insulina, estimativa das atividades da célula β pancreática e de insulina sérica. Os resultados evidenciados no estudo mostraram que alguns parâmetros não obtiveram alteração, porém notou-se evidentemente que o impacto do consumo dos compostos bioativos principalmente do grupo dos polifenóis, os glucosinolatos e os poliacetilenos foram significativos em sua maioria. Considerações finais: Nessa revisão evidenciou-se o impacto positivo no consumo ou suplementação de alimentos com compostos bioativos nos parâmetros do DM, considerando o uso de hipoglicemiantes e com ou sem envolvimento de atividade física.
Estratégias utilizadas por pessoas idosas no enfrentamento do isolamento social durante a pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Sasaki Raina , Aguiar Aline Cristiane de Sousa Azevedo , Martins Lucas Amaral
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura científica estratégias utilizadas por pessoas idosas no enfrentamento do isolamento social durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Métodos: revisão integrativa de literatura desenvolvida no período de janeiro a fevereiro de 2022, nas bases de dados Cochrane Library, Scielo, LILACS, MEDILNE, PubMed, Web Of Science e Wiley Online Library. Foram utilizados os descritores “Coronavirus Infections; Social Isolation; Aged; Adaptation, Psychological”, com o operador booleano “AND” para associá-los. Considerou-se elegíveis os artigos publicados em todos os idiomas, entre os anos de 2020 e 2022, com texto completo disponível e de acesso aberto. O processo de filtragem obedeceu ao modelo PRISMA. Os resultados foram analisados em categorias, conforme análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: a busca totalizou 2.037 artigos, foram selecionados oito artigos para amostra final, e delineadas três categorias temáticas: Contato social digital; Atividades de entretenimento; e, Atividade física.  Considerações finais: as principais estratégias foram relacionadas ao uso de tecnologias digitais, principalmente para aqueles que estavam isolados socialmente de amigos e familiares; e hobbies. Atividades de entretenimento e a prática de exercícios/cuidados pessoais também ajudaram amenizar as consequências negativas do isolamento social durante a pandemia da Covid-19.
Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes acometidos pela Doença do Apêndice
Authors: Lima Gabriela Hess Vaz de , Hoffmann Ana Beatriz , Silva Anderson Ricardo Cantareli da , Sallum Beatriz Gamel , Spina Beatriz Oliveira , Casagrande Camilly , Ferreira Eduarda Tumoli , Panhoca Heloisa Dutra , Biz Maria Eduarda Zen , Lopes Bruno Augusto
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Analisar prevalência e identificar perfil dos pacientes acometidos por doenças do apêndice no território brasileiro. Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo através de dados epidemiológicos obtidos do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), nas subseções do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e do Sistema de informações hospitalares (SIH). Resultados: Foram notificados 1.014.125.638,80 casos de doença do apêndice no Brasil de janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2022. A prevalência foi maior no sexo masculino (59,3%), idade entre 20-29 anos (20,76%) e raça branca (25,40%). Foram identificados 1.599.268 casos de internações, no qual se evidenciou maior número na região Sudeste (39,46%), brancos (34,8%) e uma proporção homem-mulher de aproximadamente 1,51:1. No SIM, o maior número de óbitos foi registrado em 2020 (8,77%), com destaque na região Sudeste (42,85%), raça branca (46,08%) e faixa etária de 70-79 anos (17,35%) e sexo masculino (56,24%). Conclusão: O perfil do paciente mais afetado por doenças do apêndice é o sexo masculino, brancos e entre 20-29 anos. Em relação aos óbitos, a maior prevalência está entre 70 e 79 anos de idade, também com o predomínio da população masculina e branca.
Depressão pós-parto e psicose puerperal: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Izoton Rafaella Grobério , Cattaneo Alessandra , Leite Victória Trindade , Castro Mariana Guimarães de Oliveira , Linheiro Cristina Vasconcelos , Albuquerque Sofia Rabelo Cavalcanti de , Souza Lorena Stein Carlos de , Rodrigues Beatriz Carvalho , Lopes Bruno Augusto
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Expor os conceitos básicos sobre a depressão pós-parto e psicose puerperal, ressaltando a história natural da doença e possíveis consequências para o binômio mãe-criança. Revisão bibliográfica: Existem vários fatores de risco para a depressão pós-parto: história pessoal de depressão pré-natal, renda familiar baixa e má relação conjugal. No que se refere à psicose puerperal, tem-se como principais fatores de risco: história pessoal ou familiar de transtorno bipolar e psicose pós-parto em uma gestação anterior. O diagnóstico de depressão pós-parto pode acarretar algumas consequências para o bebê, como baixo peso, diarreia, cólicas, dor durante a rotina de vacinação e doença febril na criança. A psicose puerperal pode afetar diretamente na segurança da mãe e do bebê, visto que a mulher diagnosticada tem tendência ao suicídio, comportamento hostil e prejudicial com a criança. A abordagem acerca destas patologias precisa ser multidisciplinar. A intervenção farmacológica está reservada aos casos graves. Considerações finais: A depressão pós-parto e a psicose puerperal são patologias psiquiátricas que podem acometer mulheres no período do puerpério. Nesse período, ocorrem alterações tanto de caráter emocional como hormonal, potencializadas por diversos fatores. Resultados indicam que essas patologias podem levar a um padrão negativo de interação com o bebê.
Conceitos básicos da Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica em Crianças associada à infecção pela COVID-19
Authors: Consanter Rhaylan , Schvetcher Camily , Pinheiro Ingrid Cristhine , Lipinski Anna Luísa , Miranda Nicole de Oliveira , Padilha Natalia de Queiroz , Souza Natália de , Lopes Bruno Augusto
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Apresentar os conceitos básicos da síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica em criançasssociada à COVID-19, ressaltando seu diagnóstico, quadro clínico, perfil dos pacientes e diagnósticos diferenciais. Revisão bibliográfica: Atualmente, foi visto que a condição hiperinflamatória pediátrica e o SARS-CoV-2 apresentam relação entre si. Por mais que as crianças apresentassem RT-PCR negativo para o SARS-CoV-2 no momento, foi identificado infecção passada, correlacionando a doença como um resultado inflamatório pós-infeccioso. Há o acometimento do sistema respiratório com taquipneia, dificuldade e insuficiência respiratória. Em geral, manifesta-se por volta dos 8 anos, com predomínio em homens. Quando o médico suspeitar da Síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica pediátrica (SIM-P), diversos exames laboratoriais precisam ser realizados para obter um diagnóstico mais preciso possível. Para que seja melhor elucidado, os diferentes diagnósticos diferenciais podem ser agrupados em doenças infecciosas e não infecciosas. Considerações finais: A SIM-P é uma doença que ocorre em associação à infecção pela COVID-19. Em geral, está presente em crianças com 8 anos de idade do sexo masculino, com os mais variados sintomas, visto que é uma síndrome multissistêmica. São necessários mais estudos para esclarecer sua fisiopatologia, mesmo existindo algumas teorias presentes na literatura científica
Hand sanitizer-related calls at the National Poisons Information Centre, India during the lockdown period of the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: SHARMA SWATI , KUMAR VIJAY L.
Published: November 2022

Background

Hand sanitizer (HS) has been increasingly used during the Covid-19 pandemic. We compared the telephonic calls received by the National Poisons Information Centre (NPIC), New Delhi, India, related to its unsafe exposure and inappropriate use during the lockdown and prelockdown periods.

Methods

We analysed and compared telephonic call records of 3 months of pre-lockdown and 3 months of the lockdown and HS-related calls in different age groups and zones during these periods.

Results

The centre received 4000 calls; of these 1583 (40%) were related to household products of which only 63 (4%) were related to HS. There was an 8-fold increase in the number of calls received at the NPIC during the lockdown compared to the pre-lockdown period seeking medical attention following unsafe exposure or inappropriate use of HS. More calls were received from the south and north zones and, in the majority of these cases, HS was ingested accidentally. In some cases, HS was ingested intentionally for suicide during the lockdown.

Conclusions

Our study shows that unsafe exposure of HS is common under conditions of stress as seen during the lockdown period of the Covid-19 pandemic. It should be kept out of reach of small children. Further, providing psychological help and counselling to older age groups under conditions of stress are important issues of concern.
Arterial and venous thrombosis in a patient with Covid-19: A unique presentation
Authors: CHANDRA ABHA , MOHAN ALLADI , BHARGAVA K.M. , SAMANTARAY ALOKA , KUMAR A.B. NAVEEN , JASMITHA K.
Published: November 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) infection not only affects the respiratory system but also induces coagulation abnormalities and thrombosis. We report a middle-aged woman who presented during the Covid-19 pandemic with sudden-onset acute left upper limb ischaemia of short duration, with no history of dry cough, breathlessness or fever, and tested positive on TrueNAT for SARS-CoV-2. Later, she developed deep venous thrombosis of the right lower limb during isolation in the hospital.
Ecological Chemistry of Pest Control in Push-Pull Intercropping Systems: What We Know, and Where to Go?
Authors: Lang Jakob , Chidawanyika Frank , Khan Zeyaur R. , Schuman Meredith Christine
Published: November 2022

Push-pull technology (PPT) employs mixed cropping for sustainable intensification: an intercrop repels or suppresses pests of the focal crop (push), while a trap crop attracts pests out of the field (pull), where they may be targeted for control. Underlying chemical-ecological mechanisms have been demonstrated in controlled settings, primarily for some of the best-established cereal PPT systems developed in east Africa. Yet, many questions remain regarding mechanisms, and strategies to adapt PPT for different crops and locations. We conducted a systematic review of scientific literature on PPT and related practices for biological control of pests of food and fodder. Of 3335 results, we identified 45 reporting on chemistry of trap- or intercropping systems for pest control, of which 30 focused on cereals or African pests. Seven of these reported primary chemical data: measurements from glasshouse and laboratory studies (5), or of field-collected samples (2). From these 30, we provide a database of compounds, discussing degrees of evidence for their mediation of push-pull. We depict hypothesized spatial distributions of selected compounds in PPT fields from physical properties and emission/exudation rates, and design of the east African cereal PPT system, and discuss influences on activity in field settings likely to affect success.
Metabolomics in Ecology and Bioactive Natural Products Discovery: Challenges and Prospects for a Comprehensive Study of the Specialised Metabolome
Authors: Wolfender Jean-Luc , Gaudry Arnaud , Rutz Adriano , Quiros-Guerrero Luis-Manuel , Nothias Louis-Félix , Ferreira Queiroz Emerson , Defossez Emmanuel , Allard Pierre-Marie
Published: November 2022

Metabolomics is playing an increasingly prominent role in chemical ecology and in the discovery of bioactive natural products (NPs). The identification of metabolites is a common/central objective in both research fields. NPs have significant biological properties and play roles in multiple chemical-ecological interactions. Classically, in pharmacognosy, their chemical structure is determined after a complex process of isolating and interpreting spectroscopic data. With the advent of powerful analytical techniques such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) the annotation process of the specialised metabolome of plants and microorganisms has improved considerably. In this article, we summarise the possibilities opened by these advances and illustrate how we harnessed them in our own research to automate annotations of NPs and target the isolation of key compounds. In addition, we are also discussing the analytical and computational challenges associated with these emerging approaches and their perspective.
Cyanobacteria: Extreme Environments and Toxic Metabolites
Authors: Pittino Francesca , Oliveira Juliana , De Almeida Torres Mariana , Fink Sabine , Janssen Elisabeth M. L. , Scheidegger Christoph
Published: November 2022

Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are photosynthetic bacteria that can colonize different habitats, including extreme ones. They are of great interest to the scientific community, especially because of their ability to produce cyanotoxins: toxic secondary metabolites potentially harmful to organisms especially when released to surface waters.
[4Fe-4S]-mediated proton-coupled electron transfer enables the efficient degradation of chloroalkenes by reductive dehalogenases
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Wang Zikuan , Li Zhen , Shaik Sason , Wang Binju
Published: November 2022

Reductive dehalogenases (RDases) are key enzymes involved in the degradation of organohalide compounds. Despite extensive experi-mental and computational studies, the catalytic mechanism of RDases remains unclear. We show here that the proximal [4Fe-4S]1+ cluster of the reductive dehalogenase PceA can mediates a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process to quench the substrate radical. Such [4Fe-4S]1+-mediated PCET process is enhanced by both exchange and super-exchange interactions. The participation of [4Fe-4S]1+ in mediating a PCET process in RDases is unexpected, though well known in reducing Co(II). In addition, in RDases the Arg305 residue acts as an efficient proton donor for the PCET reactions. The deprotonated Tyr246 serves to maintain the favorable conformation of Arg305 during catalysis, and sustains its proton donation ability, which is requested during the PCET reaction. Such a novel mechanism enables the efficient detoxification of chloroalkene pollutants by the reductive dehalogenase PceA. These results highlight the critical role of the proximal [4Fe-4S]
Combined Machine Learning, Computational and Experimental Analysis of the Iridium(III) Complexes with Red to Near-IR Emission
Authors: Karuth Anas , Casanola-Martin Gerardo , Lystrom Levi , Sun Wenfang , Kilin Dmitri , Kilina Svetlana , Rasulev Bakhtiyor
Published: November 2022

Various coordination complexes have been the subject of experimental or theoretical studies in recent decades because of their fascinating photophysical properties. In this work a combined experimental and computational approach applied to investigate the optical properties of monocationic Ir(III) complexes. In result, an interpretative machine learning-based Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) model was successfully developed, which can reliably predict the emission wavelength of the Ir(III) complexes and provides foundations for theoretical evaluation of the optical properties of Ir(III) complexes. A hypothesis was proposed to mechanistically explain the differences in emission wavelengths between structurally different individual Ir(III) complexes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to develop predictive machine learning (QSAR) model for the optical properties of Ir(III) complexes. The efficacy of the developed model was demonstrated by high R2 values for the training and test sets of 0.84 and 0.87, respectively, and by performing the validation using y-scrambling techniques. A notable relationship between the N-N distance in the diimine ligands of the Ir(III) complexes and emission wavelengths was revealed. This combined experimental and computational approach shows a great potential for rational design of new Ir(III) complexes with desired optical properties. Moreover, the developed methodology could be extended to other octahedral transition-metal complexes.
Aromaticity at the Edge of the Periodic Table: Cyclic Delocalization Without Aromatic Stabilization
Authors: Szczepanik Dariusz
Published: November 2022

The discovery of the three-center two-electron σ-bonding Th3 in the crystalline actinide cluster isolated by Boronski et al. has been hailed for extending the range of aromaticity to the record seventh row of the periodic table. However, it has recently been shown that high symmetry and unusual thermodynamic stability of this cluster is determined by the unique charge-shift bonding (ThCl2)3 rather than σ-aromaticity. In the most recent follow-up investigation, Lin and Mo has argued that the experimentally observed charge delocalization in the tri-thorium core may be associated with considerable aromatic stabilization after all. In the following we challenge this conclusion by showing that the theoretical models used by the authors dramatically exaggerate charge delocalization, while the Th3 σ-bonding in the real crystalline cluster is so weak that it does not fulfill the very fundamental requirement of being distinctly stabilized by cyclic delocalization of electrons. Thus, the σ-bonding in Th3 should be classified as non-aromatic once and for all.
Subverting covalency gives rise to ionic bonding in high spin states of heterodiatomics
Authors: Bhattacharjee Ishita , Ghosh Debashree , Paul Ankan
Published: November 2022

Understanding chemical bonding in second row diatomics has been central to elucidating the basics of bonding itself.1 Bond strength and number of bonds are two factors that decide the reactivity of molecules. While bond strengths have been theoretically computed accurately and experimentally determined, the number of bonds has been a more contentious issue especially for complicated multi-reference systems such as C2.2,3 We have developed an experimentally verifiable approach to determine the number of bonds from excited spin state potential energy surfaces. On applying this to a series of hetero-diatomics of the second row, we obtain the surprising phenomena of an inverted charge transfer ionic state after the covalent bonds in the species are broken via higher spin states. These ionic states are ubiquitous in all heterodiatomics and quite contrary to our expectations in non-metallic systems.
QM/MM Simulations on NVIDIA and AMD GPUs
Authors: Manathunga Madushanka , Aktulga Hasan Metin , Goetz Andreas W. , Merz, Jr Kenneth M.
Published: November 2022

We have ported and optimized the GPU accelerated QUICK and AMBER based ab initio QM/MM implementation on AMD GPUs. This encompasses the entire Fock matrix build and force calculation in QUICK including one-electron integrals, two-electron repulsion integrals, exchange-correlation quadrature, and linear algebra operations. General performance improvements to the QUICK GPU code are also presented. Benchmarks carried out on NVIDIA V100 and AMD MI100 cards display similar performance on both hardware for standalone HF/DFT calculations with QUICK and QM/MM molecular dynamics simulations with QUICK/AMBER. Furthermore, with respect to the QUICK/AMBER release version 21, significant speedups are observed for QM/MM molecular dynamics simulations. This significantly increases the range of scientific problems that can be addressed with open-source QM/MM software on state-of-the-art computer hardware.
Debates transmedia e identidades nacionalistas a través de videojuegos: teoría y práctica
Authors: Moya Martínez Jose Antonio , Moreno Cantano Antonio César
Published: November 2022

El videojuego debe considerarse una herramienta más de propaganda; por eso, en este texto estudiaremos el papel del fandom de videojuegos en la construcción de culturas nacionalistas mediante una metodología que parte de la observación participante y el análisis interpretativo. Como resultado, se aprecia el papel activo de las audiencias en la construcción de identidades nacionalistas, mientras se demuestra el impulso de estas por regímenes autoritarios.