bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viral Infections and Autoimmune Disease: Roles of LCMV in Delineating Mechanisms of Immune Tolerance
Authors: Fousteri Georgia , Dave Jhatakia Amy
Published: October 2019

Viral infections are a natural part of our existence. They can affect us in many ways that are the result of the interaction between the viral pathogen and our immune system. Most times the resulting immune response is beneficial for the host. The pathogen gets cleared thus protecting our vital organs with no other consequences. Conversely, the reaction of our immune system against the pathogen can cause organ damage (immunopathology) or lead to autoimmune disease. To date, there are several mechanisms for virus-induced autoimmune disease, including molecular mimicry and bystander activation, in support of the “fertile field” hypothesis, terms defined in our review. On the flip side, viral infections have been associated with protection from autoimmunity through mechanisms that include Treg invigoration and immune deviation, in support of the “hygiene hypothesis”, also defined here. Infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is one of the prototypes showing that the interaction of our immune system with viruses can either accelerate or prevent autoimmunity. Studies using mouse models of LCMV have helped conceive and establish several concepts that we today know and explain how viruses can lead to autoimmune activation or induce tolerance. Some of the most important mechanisms established during the course LCMV are described in this short review.
Multi-Task Learning for Multi-Dimensional Regression: Application to Luminescence Sensing
Authors: Michelucci Umberto , Venturini Francesca
Published: October 2019

The classical approach to non-linear regression in physics, is to take a mathematical model describing the functional dependence of the dependent variable from a set of independent variables, and then, using non-linear fitting algorithms, extract the parameters used in the modeling. Particularly challenging are real systems, characterised by several additional influencing factors related to specific components, like electronics or optical parts. In such cases, to make the model reproduce the data, empirically determined terms are built-in the models to compensate for the impossibility of modeling things that are, by construction, impossible to model. A new approach to solve this issue is to use neural networks, particularly feed-forward architectures with a sufficient number of hidden layers and an appropriate number of output neurons, each responsible for predicting the desired variables. Unfortunately, feed-forward neural networks (FFNNs) usually perform less efficiently when applied to multi-dimensional regression problems, that is when they are required to predict simultaneously multiple variables that depend from the input dataset in fundamentally different ways. To address this problem, we propose multi-task learning (MTL) architectures. These are characterized by multiple branches of task-specific layers, which have as input the output of a common set of layers. To demonstrate the power of this approach for multi-dimensional regression, the method is applied to luminescence sensing. Here the MTL architecture allows predicting multiple parameters, the oxygen concentration and the temperature, from a single set of measurements.
Information Energy Mimics Ʌ and CDM
Authors: Gough Michael Paul
Published: October 2019

Stellar heated gas and dust makes a significant entropic/information energy contribution to the universe. At temperatures ~107 the ~1086 bits are equivalent to ~1070J, equivalent to the energy equivalence of the universe’s ~1053 kg ordinary baryon matter. A survey of stellar mass density measurements shows this dark energy contribution has a constant energy density that effectively mimics a cosmological constant over the redshift range z<1.35. The measurable difference between this information energy and a true cosmological constant is small, with a maximum difference of <2% in Hubble parameter at z~2. As information energy is significant and co-located with hot baryons it produces gravitational effects that resemble dark matter. Information energy is shown to be consistent with the dark matter effects observed in clusters of colliding galaxies (e.g. Bullet Cluster), with dark matter location specified by baryon location and strongest in regions of highest luminosity / temperature. The dark matter fraction measured in galaxy surveys more closely fits an information energy explanation than the fraction expected in the standard ɅCDM model. Information energy provides a solution to the cosmological coincidence problem and also would allow the cosmological constant to take the preferred zero value.
Exploring the Vital Worker Over Time – A Week-Level Study on How Positive and Negative Work Events Contribute to Affect and Sustain Work Engagement
Authors: Weigelt Oliver , Schmitt Antje , Syrek Christine J. , Ohly Sandra
Published: October 2019

Although work events can be regarded as pivotal elements of organizational life, only a few studies have examined how positive and negative events relate to and combine to affect work engagement over time. Theory suggests that to better understand how current events affect work engagement (WE), we have to account for recent events that have preceded these current events. We present competing theoretical views on how recent and current work events may affect employees (e.g., getting used to a high frequency of negative events or becoming more sensitive to negative events). Although the occurrence of events implies discrete changes in the experience of work, prior research has not considered whether work events actually accumulate to sustained mid-term changes in WE. To address these gaps in the literature, we conducted a week-level longitudinal study across a period of 15 consecutive weeks among 135 employees, which yielded 849 weekly observations. While positive events were associated with higher levels of WE within the same week, negative events were not. Our results support neither satiation nor sensitization processes. However, high frequencies of negative events in the preceding week amplified the beneficial effects of positive events on WE in the current week. Growth curve analyses show that the benefits of positive events accumulate to sustain high levels of WE. WE dissipates in the absence of continuous experience of positive events. Our study adds a temporal component and informs research that has taken a feature-oriented perspective on the dynamic interplay of job demands and resources.
Statistical Stability and Spatial Instability in Mapping Forest Tree Species by Comparing 9 Years of Satellite Image Time Series
Authors: Karasiak Nicolas , Dejoux Jean-François , Fauvel Mathieu , Willm Jérôme , Monteil Claude , Sheeren David
Published: October 2019

Mapping forest composition using multiseasonal optical time series is still challenging. Highly contrasted results are reported from one study to another suggesting that drivers of classification errors are still under-explored. We evaluated the performances of single-year Formosat-2 time series to discriminate tree species in temperate forests in France and investigated how predictions vary statistically and spatially across multiple years. Our objective was to better estimate the impact of spatial autocorrelation in the validation data on measurement accuracy and to understand which drivers in the time series are responsible for classification errors. The experiments were based on ten Formosat-2 image time series irregularly acquired during the seasonal vegetation cycle from 2006 to 2014. Due to lot of clouds in the year 2006, an alternative 2006 time series using only cloud-free images has been added. Thirteen tree species were classified in each single-year dataset based on the SVM algorithm. The performances were assessed using a spatial leave-one-out cross validation (SLOO-CV) strategy, thereby guaranteeing full independence of the validation samples, and compared with standard non-spatial leave-one-out cross-validation (LOO-CV). The results show relatively close statistical performances from one year to the next despite the differences between the annual time series. Good agreements between years were observed in monospecific tree plantations of broadleaf species versus high disparity in other forests composed of different species. A strong positive bias in the accuracy assessment (up to 0.4 of Overall Accuracy) was also found when spatial dependence in the validation data was not removed. Using the SLOO-CV approach, the average OA values per year ranged from 0.48 for 2006 to 0.60 for 2013, which satisfactorily represents the spatial instability of species prediction between years.
Matematika dalam Multimedia Flipbook: Kreatifitas Guru dalam Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran dalam Meningkatkan Minat Siswa
Authors: Juliasnyah Wendha Adha , Suryani Nunuk , Sutimin Leo Agung
Published: October 2019

This research aimed to find out: (1) how was the condition of instructional process in mathematics in five grade of SD Muhmmadiyah 1 Ngawi, (2) the suitable developmental procedure of Flipbook as a multimedia for mathematics in SD Muhammadiyah 1 Ngawi, (3) the effectiveness of  Flipbook in increasing students’ motivation. This research designed in Research and Development study design corridor with procedures; (1) analyzing the needs needed in developing the Product, (2) designing prototypical product, (3) developing the product, (4) implementing the product in the field, and (5) evaluating product’s weaknesses. In addition, this study used totally 52 samples. 26 samples in experimental group (five graders in Billal Bin Robbah class) and 26 samples in control group (five graders in Khadijah Binti Kubro class). Furthermore, in collecting the data, the researcher used questionnaire and achievement test as the instruments and it was analyzed using Descriptive statistic methods and ttest. After Administering the data analyses, it was found that: (1) the category of the product was good based on the means of points given by Content Expert-4, 74; (2) the category of the product was good based on the means of points given by Media Experts-4, 66), (3) the product considered very good based on first field test with means of 4, 67 or 78% ; (4) the product also considered very good based on second field test with means of 4, 57 or 91%; (5) H1 was accepted, means that achievement of the two groups was different shown by the means (Experimental Group-72,38 and Control Group-63.83). The result of the t-test was interpreted based on parameter; t DK= {𝑡 𝑡 < −1.706 𝑜𝑟 𝑡 > 1.706} and t obs =8.048 Ɇ DK
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Biologi Berbasis Sains, Technology, Environment, and Society (Stes) untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA Islam 1 Surakarta
Authors: Indah Khotim Nurma , Joyoatmojo Soetarno , Suharno Suharno
Published: October 2019

The objectives of this research are: 1) to know the condition of biology learning material on SMA Islam 1 Surakarta; 2) to know the procedure of developing the learning materialsfor Biology based on STESfor the students of SMA Islam 1 Surakarta;3) to know the effectiveness of the learning materials based on STESto improve the student’s critical thinking skills of SMA Islam 1 Surakarta. The research used the Research and Development (R&D) method, which referred to the model claim by Borg & Gall, and which was modified into nine phases, namely: 1) research and information collecting; 2) planning; 3) development preliminary form of product; 4) preliminary field testing; 5) main product revision; 6) main field testing; 7) operational product revision; 8) operational field testing; and 9) final product revision. The respondents of learning materials development included field testing respondents consisting 2 validators, limited-scale main field testing respondents consisting 10 students, and operational field testing respondents consisting of 23 students. The data of research were gathered through questionnaire, observation, in-depth interview, and test. They were analyzed by using the descriptive qualitative method. Meanwhile, the result of critical thinking skill was analyzed by using normalized N-gain and Paired Sample T test to investigate the effectiveness of the Biology’s learning materials based on STES to improve student’s critical thinking skills. The results of research are as follows: 1) Biology learning materials on SMA Islam 1 Surakarta has been used in learning process are less facility to improve critical thinking skills; 2) The development procedure began with first design, then continue with a media and material expert validation in order to show that learning material for Biology based on STES is appropriate for the trial;3) The results of the effectiveness of the developed Biology learning materials based on STES to improve crtitical thinking skills are indicated by the improvement of scores critical thinking skill that was analyzed by normalized N-Gain and Paired Sample T-Test, each result are 0,40 and 0,008. Based on the results of research a conclusion is drawn that Biology’s learning materials based on STES are effective to improve student’s critical thinking skills.
Pencapaian Hasil Belajar Biologi Dengan Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Student TeamsAchievement Divisions (STAD) Ditinjau dari Minat Belajar Peserta Didik Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri di Kabupaten Grobogan
Authors: Wirawan Sigit , Haryanto Samsi , Suharno Suharno
Published: October 2019

he objective of research was to find out: (1) how the application of ASSURE learning design model can improve mathematic learning motivation and achievement in the 4𝑡ℎ grades of SD Negeri 01 Tlobo of Jatiyoso Sub District of Karanganyar Regency, (2) why the application of ASSURE learning design model can improve mathematic learning motivation and achievement in the 4𝑡ℎ grades of SD Negeri 01 Tlobo of Jatiyoso Sub District of Karanganyar Regency, (3) how the effectiveness of ASSURE  learning design model can improve mathematic learning motivation and achievement in the 4𝑡ℎ grades of SD Negeri 01 Tlobo of Jatiyoso Sub District of Karanganyar Regency. This study was a classroom action research conducted in 3 cycles. Each of cycle consisted 0f 4 stages: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The subject of research was the 4𝑡ℎ grades of SD Negeri 01 Tlobo consisted of 23 students. Techniques of collecting data used were learning achievement test, motivation, observation, interview, and experiment. Technique of analizing data used was an interactive model of analysis encompassing: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of classroom action research were as follows: (1) the application of ASSURE learning design model formulated learning objective, explained the material and the way of working on the exercises not in a hurry, used discovery and expository method, used laptop, LCD and CD learning media, fold paper, and color marker, and the implementation of mathematic learning procedure appropriately in Elementary school could improve motivation by 91,30% and learning achievement by 95,65%, (2) the advantage of ASSURE learning design model application was that teh students were very interested in learning using laptop, LCD and CD learning media, fold paper, and color marker. The students were interested in and challenged in assigning task in tke learning procedure of undertanding concept. Its disadvantages were that the students demonstrated fold paper shyly in the fraction arithmatic operation, the students took more time to work on exercise, and the students had not been fluent in simplifying the fraction, (3) considering the result of calculation, it could be found: 𝑡𝑜𝑏𝑠 = 2,55, while 𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 2,020, so that 𝑡𝑜𝑏𝑠 > 𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒; therefore: the aplication of ASSURE learning designed model was used effectively for improving the mathematic learning motivation and achievement in the 4𝑡ℎ grades of SD Negeri 01 Tlobo of Jatiyoso Sub District of Karanganyar Regency
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Role Playing Game Education Sebagai Bentuk Peningkatan Kualitas Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Fadli Arizal , Suharno Suharno , Musadad Akhmad Arif
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the application of interactive learning media based on role playing educational game in Mathematics for Class VII student learning outcomes MTS Negeri Kawunganten compared with conventional learning applied at the school. The method used in this research is the method of Research and Development study with sample class VII C and class VII D in MTS Negeri Kawunganten. The research design used is ADDIE. Based on the results of t-test analysis of the differences in the two averages the study, showed that the obtained t-test = 3.775 while t -table = 2.033. Because t-test > t-table then H0 is rejected, which means that the average class experiment better than the control class that student learning outcomes are given learning by using interactive learning media better than the learning outcomes through conventional learning model, with the word else, it proves that the media based interactive learning role playing educational game effectively to improve student learning outcomes in mathematics class VII in MTS Negeri Kawunganten.
Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Interaktif Pada Mata Pelajaran Pengolahan Citra Digital di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 8 Semarang
Authors: Maharani Yuli Sintya , Suryani Nunuk , Ardianto Deny Tri
Published: October 2019

This research aims to; (1) describe the needs of subjects Digital Image Processing class XI Multimedia at SMK N 8 Semarang, (2) development of Interactive Digital Image Processing class XI Multimedia at SMK N 8 Semarang, and (3) Measurement of multimedia effectiveness Product development on image processing subjects Digital class XI Multimedia at SMK N 8 Semarang. This research was research and development, which referred to the ADDIE model. The Learning interctive multimedia was developed through five stages, the developmental steps begun by analyzing the requirements, design, manufacturing, implementation,and evaluation. The process assesses the feasibility of learning media by providing questionnaires to media experts, material experts, and test respondents (students). Data questionnaire is then processed to determine the feasibility of media. The results of this study is interactive multimedia learning products with Adobe Flash application base. This can be seen from the validation of material experts with an average of 4.51 and has a very good category. Validation of media experts with an average of 4.59 is a very good category. According to the students, this multimedia is very good with an average of 4.61.  The result of this research showed that the developed media had been fulfilled the requisites and worthy of being a medium of learning. The result of t-test by using paired sample t-test obtained result that on α = 5 % with DK ={t|t ≤ −t0.025;33 = −2,03 or t ≥ t0.025;33 = 2,03} and tobs = -7,29, maka –tobs = −7.297 ≥ −ttable = −2.034. And was obtained value Sig. (2-tailed)= 0.000 <0.05, therefore, it can be concluded that both groups have unequal achievement. The experimental class has an average of 85.41 while the control class has an average of 71.29. So it can be concluded learning multimedia is effective to be used in the learning activity and can improve student achievement.
Eksperimentasi Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Konvensional pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Ditinjau dari Problem Solving Skill Siswa
Authors: Kristanto Agus , Suharno Suharno , Gunarhadi Gunarhadi
Published: October 2019

This research aims to implement the Problem Based Learning model to improve students’ problem solving skill which can be identified from the mathematics learning outcomes. Experimental research is conducted in Focus Independent School Primary School by taking a control class of 15 students and an experiment class of 16 students as the samples. The result of the pretest done at the beginning of the research shows that the experiment class hasa greater average score compared to the control class. The experiment class has an average score of 76.16 while other class reaches 75.64. By having different treatments; control class with conventional model and experiment class with problem based learning model, we may conlude that the students in the experiment class have produced better results than those in the control class.The average scores in both classes, control and experiment classes, are 78.50 and 82.03 with deviation standards of 13.120 and 12.623. The control class has a minimum score of 52.50 and maximum score of 97.50, while the experiment class scores a minimum mark of 60 and maximum mark of 100. It shows that the problem based learning model is more effective to be implemented in the class than the conventional one. Students are given more chances to develop their problem solving skill by exploring for more knowledge and searching for solutions for the problems occurred.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Virtual dan Interaktif Untuk Mensimulasikan Instalasi Jaringan Listrik di SMK 2 Surakarta
Authors: Susilo Joko , Asrowi Asrowi , Anitah Sri
Published: October 2019

The learning of electrical installation at Vocational High School often comes to problems as the availability of real apparatus or equipment which are not used again on the next period. It is also getting worse as the learning style is not effective by that way in a group. When it is done in a group, certain student will rely on his/her work to other friends. Consequently, they will get no beneficial from the instructional process done. Therefore, it is developed an interactive multimedia of simple electrical series in order to be directly tried by each student easily. At last, they will be motivated and get the benefit from the lesson
Analisis Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Reading Comprehension
Authors: Musahrain Musahrain , Suryani Nunuk , Suharno Suharno
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to determine the ability of students’ reading comprehension in grade XI SMA Negeri Kota Bima, the factors that affect the students’ reading comprehension comprehension, as well as obstacles and how to overcome them. The type of research used in this research was qualitative research using observation, interview and documentation study. The data collection technique involved 74 students of class XI in SMA Negeri Kota Bima as respondents. While for data analysis technique, the writer uses triangulation of data and sources. From this research, it resulted: (1) Based on the results of student learning evaluation conducted by teachers during the last 2 years, the average score obtained by students of 60, 28 of them got score with a high value ranges 70-100, and the remaining got 46 scores with a score range of 10-65; (2) Factors that may affect student reading comprehension were internal and external factors; (3) As for some obstacles encountered in this research were: (a) The use of instructional media by teachers was still lacking, (b) the utilization of facilities and infrastructure had not been maximized, (c) the learning resources were still lacking, (d) the student’ motivation was low, (4)The solutions offered were: (a) Maximum utilization of facilities and infrastructure, (b)the use texts in the form of local folklore, (d) using and develop innovative, lightweight, easy and repeatable media of learning.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Probing-Prompting Berbasis Etnomatematika Terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Matematika
Authors: Ulya Himmatul , Rahayu Ratri
Published: October 2019

The mathematics learning applied by teacher have not been able to engage students to apply concepts to solve daily problems. Beside that, students are not used to face a higher order thingking problems. It created a lack of mathematics literacy. This research aims to (1) know to what extent implementatioan etnomathematic-based probing-prompting learning on mathematics literacy, (2) know to wheather students taught by etnomathematic-based probing-prompting learning have higher mathematics literacy than students taught by expository, and (3) know the improvement of students’  mathematics literacy after implementatioan of etnomathematic-based probing-prompting learning. This is an experimental research by using nonequivalent control group design. It was conducted in NU Nawa Kartika Kudus elementary school in even semester of 2016/2017academic year. The collecting data technique used is a test to measure the students’ mathematics literacy. The analysis techniques in this research included student test (t-test), and gain test to measure the improvement of students’ mathematics literacy. The result of this research were (1) students’ mathematics literacy was achived the passing grade after implementatioan of etnomathematic-based probing-prompting,(2 ) the average of  students’ mathematics literacy taught by etnomathematic-based probing-prompting learning was higher than students taught by expository, and (3) students’ mathematics improve by 54% after implementatioan of etnomathematic-based probing-prompting learning or categorized as middle level
THE EFFECT OF EMPOWERMENT, SELF EFFICACY AND JOB SATISFACTION ON JOB PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES IN THE MINISTRY OF FINANCEâ€™S PROCUREMENT ENTITIES
Authors: Gunawan Edy , Djaali Djaali , Sudiardhita I Ketut R
Published: October 2019

The aims and purposes of this research are to identify and assess the direct effect of empowerment, self efficacy, and job satisfaction on job performance.This research is a quantitative research which conducts survey research methods and path analysis. The population in this study are Unit Layanan Pengadaan members in the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia which amount to 262 people in which 158 people are used as samples. Analitical tools of path analysis have been conducted to analize the data. Based on the result of examination of the hypothesis, its been concluded that (1) Empowerment has positive and significant effect on Job Performance; (2) Self Efficacy has positive and significant effect on Job Performance); (3) Job Satisfaction has positive and significant effect on Job Performance; (4) Empowerment has positive and significant effect on Job Satisfaction; (5) Self Efficacy has positive and significant effect on Job Satisfaction; (6) Empowerment has positive and significant effect on Self Efficacy.Keywords: Empowerment, Self-Efficacy, Job Satisfaction, Job Performance, Path Analysis
Migrações Africanas na Argentina e Malta. Uma aproximação de seu estudo em uma chave comparativa
Authors: Kleidermacher Gisele
Published: October 2019

El objetivo del escrito es explorar de manera comparada las dinámicas migratorias de la población proveniente del África Subsahariana hacia Argentina y Malta entre los años 2010 y 2018. La elección de ambos países se debe a que comparten características históricas como países receptores y a la vez expulsores de población, siendo las migraciones africanas relativamente recientes y minoritarias; pero que han adquirido gran notoriedad debido a su presencia en los principales centros urbanos.

Para la realización del trabajo me valgo de fuentes estadísticas, así como la realización de entrevistas semi-estructuradas y observaciones a migrantes africanos subsaharianos y miembros de ONG´s que trabajan en temáticas migratorias, tanto en Malta como en Argentina.

La comparación entre ambos países centrada en el movimiento del colectivo senegalés en particular, ha permitido observar dinámicas de circulación comunes a las que he denominado movilidades múltiples, para hacer referencia a las diversas etapas que comprenden sus movimientos, las cuales incluyen desplazamientos intracontinentales, extracontinentales y flujos internos, siguiendo rutas comerciales facilitadas por las redes de la comunidad.
Fim de Ciclo dos Governos “Pós-neoliberais” na América Latina?
Authors: Aguiar Danilla , Dos Santos Janaina Freire
Published: October 2019

Há menos de duas décadas, a América Latina experimentava um intenso momento de lutas, ilustrando transformações no cenário político regional. A “onda rosa” latino-americana manifesta-se fundamentalmente com o triunfo eleitoral de Chávez na Venezuela em 1998, o fracasso da ALCA, a crise capitalista mundial em 2008 e as lutas por nacionalizações na Bolívia e Equador, seguidas pela ascensão presidencial de Evo Morales e Rafael Correa, respectivamente, que sinalizavam relevantes mudanças na geopolítica latino-americana. São governos que articularam institucionalidade e pautas nacional-populares num projeto de caráter heterogêneo e continental, que reascenderam na dimensão política uma tentativa de ruptura com as estruturas de poder e cultura antidemocrática que minavam a credibilidade das instituições políticas locais, trazendo a substituição das constituições em vigor e renovação dos quadros políticos dirigentes. Este estudo foca no caso boliviano, que vivencia o agravamento das críticas em relação às medidas econômicas baseadas na exportação de commodities, considerando o giro à direita na superestrutura política do subcontinente. Problematizaremos sobre as possibilidades de continuidade do novo bloco no poder inaugurado com o Estado Plurinacional da Bolívia.
Outras Epistemologias para os Estudos de Gênero: feminismos, interseccionalidade e divisão sexual do trabalho em debate a partir da América Latina
Authors: Machado Débora , Walter Costa Maria Luisa , Dutra Delia
Published: October 2019

Desde a sua primeira onda, o movimento feminista surge como proposta para combater as desigualdades entre homens e mulheres, objetivando desconstruir a lógica masculina dominante. No entanto, o feminismo tradicional hegemônico, estruturado a partir das experiências das mulheres brancas e burguesas, conta com características universalizantes e totalizadoras, que acabam por desconsiderar outras mulheres. Nesse sentido, o feminismo decolonial surge com a proposta de revisitar os conceitos modernos ligados ao feminismo hegemônico, ao considerar a interseccionalidade. A interseccionalidade é marco fundamental para compreender as diversas posições que as mulheres ocupam na sociedade e dar visibilidade a grupos que até então não eram considerados no “ser mulher”. A interseccionalidade traz como contribuição a consideração de que a divisão sexual de trabalho é também racial e de classe. Ademais, o conceito propõe para as ciências sociais uma análise sobre as diferentes formas de opressão e formas em que a “ferida colonial” se encarna nos corpos situados historicamente em processos particulares e locais. Considera-se importante, porém, tratar das críticas feitas ao conceito e apontar desafios teórico-metodológicos quanto à sua operacionalização. Em conclusão, o artigo aponta que existem interseccionalidades: as categorias de articulação variam de acordo com o grupo e seu contexto social, cultural e político.
Jorge Graciarena, na Perspectiva Latino-Americana: notas in memoriam
Authors: Ansaldi Waldo , Giordano Verónica
Published: October 2019

Em março de 2014 faleceu Jorge Gracirena, que foi uma das figuras fundacionais da sociologia argentina e latino-americana. No entanto, as referências à sua vasta produção aparecem tão somente de forma esporádica nos programas dos cursos de sociologia hoje em dia. Nestas breves notas abordamos três aspectos: a originalidade do seu pensamento, para além da sociologia “científica”; sua preocupação pelos estudos de pós-graduação como prisma a partir do qual captar essa originalidade em ato; a atenção posta na dimensão histórica da realidade. Este último, a modo apresentação do texto “O Estado latino-americano em perspectiva. Figuras, crises e prospectivas”, publicado originalmente em Madrid em 1984.
Educação Superior e Povos Indígenas: Experiências, Estudos e Debates na América Latina e em outras Regiões do Mundo
Authors: Mato Daniel
Published: October 2019

O universo de experiências de Educação Superior por/para/com os povos indígenas atualmente em curso a escala mundial constitui um campo acadêmico e social –em sentido amplo– cada vez mais importante e diverso. Os avanços neste campo são resultado das lutas dos povos indígenas, bem como dos movimentos sociais antirracismo, de direitos humanos, e de educação popular. Também têm estado associados às práticas institucionais de algumas universidades e outros tipos de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES), assim como aos de algumas agências intergovernamentais e de cooperação internacional, uma diversidade de organizações sociais, fundações privadas, setores de várias igrejas, e algumas agências governamentais. Estes avanços têm sido possíveis também graças ao compromisso de uma grande variedade de indivíduos, como líderes, anciões e sábios de organizações e comunidades locais; estudantes e docentes de todos os níveis educativos; investigadores e funcionários de universidades e outras IES; incluindo tanto membros desses povos como outras pessoas que não pertencemos ao povo, ou não nos auto identificamos como tais. Este artigo apresenta um pano- rama deste campo de experiência e de estudos em América Latina, Austrália, Canadá, Estados Unidos, e Nova Zelândia, com algumas referencia complementarias ao seu desenvolvimento na Noruega e na República Sul-africana.
Inventory and Morphological Diversity Characterization of Local Durian [Durio zibethinus Murr.] in South Sulawesi Province
Authors: Nurlaila NFN , Ilyas Asriyanti , Sahardi NFN
Published: October 2019

South Sulawesi is one of the provinces in Indonesia which is famous for its durian fruit, especially the local one. These local durians are having several advantages such as resistance to major pests/diseases and high productivity. However, because of the lack of information, many local durians that actually have economic potential are not known by the community. The purpose of
this research was to inventory and characterize local Durian in South Sulawesi as the initial step for the registration of varieties. In accordance with the applicable regulations, registration of varieties is a requirement for a variety to be developed economically in local and global markets. This research was conducted in Luwu, Sinjai, and Bulukumba Regencies, South Sulawesi Province, from January to December 2015. The research was using descriptive method and sampling was conducted by purposive sampling
method. Direct observation was carried out on trees, leaves, and fruit as primary data, while secondary data was obtained through interviews with the owners of the plant. Eighteenth accessions of durian that have been tested showed that the morphological characters were quite diverse with a genetic similarity coefficient between 0.08–0.50. The dendrogram was divided into four groups. Lagalenrong and Laissong accessions had the greatest genetic similarity (0.50), while the smallest genetic similarity (0.08) were accessions of Simas with Laissong, Simas with Lanangka, Mentega with Lauro 1, Pagolla with Lauro 2, and Simas with Taramatekkeng 2. The superior characters such as medium fruit weight, medium-thinner skin thickness, and sweet taste, were observed on Pagolla, Mentega, and Taramatekkeng 2 accessions, while for attractive fruit flesh color were observed from Simas accession.
Genome-wide identification and comparison of differentially expressed profiles of miRNAs and lncRNAs with associated ceRNA networks in the gonads of Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis
Authors: Ma Xiao , Cen Shuangshuang , Wang Luming , Zhang Chao , Wu Limin , Tian Xue , Wu Qisheng , Li Xuejun , Wang Xiaoqing
Published: October 2019

Background: Gonad is the major factor affecting the animal reproduction. The regulation mechanism of protein coding genes expression involved in reproduction still remains to be elucidated. Increasing evidence has shown that ncRNAs play key regulatory roles in gene expression in many life processes. The roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in reproduction have been investigated in some species. However, the regulation patterns of miRNA and lncRNA in sex biased expression of protein coding genes remains to be elucidated. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of miRNA, messenger RNA (mRNA), and lncRNA expression profiles to explore their regulatory patterns in the female ovary and male testis of the soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis.
Results: We identified 10 446 mature miRNAs, 20 414 mRNAs and 28 500 lncRNAs in the ovaries and testes, and 633 miRNAs, 11 319 mRNAs, and 10 495 lncRNAs showed different expression. A total of 2 814 target genes were identified for miRNAs. The predicted target genes of these differential expression (DE) miRNAs and lncRNAs included abundant genes related to reproductive regulation. Furthermore, we found that 189 DE miRNAs and 5 408 DElncRNAs showed sex-specific expression. Of these, 3 DEmiRNAs and 917 DElncRNAs were testis specific and 186 DEmiRNAs and 4 491 DElncRNAs were ovary specific. We further constructed compete endogenous lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks using bioinformatics, including 103 DEmiRNAs, 636 DEmRNAs, and 1 622 DElncRNAs. The target genes for the different expressed of miRNAs and lncRNAs contained abundant genes invloved gonadal development, including Wt1, Creb3l2, Gata4, Wnt2, Nr5a1, Hsd17, Igf2r, H2afz, Lin52, Trim71, Zar1, and Jazf1, etc.
Conclusions: In animals, miRNA and lncRNA as master regulators regulate the reproduction processes by controlling the expression of mRNAs. Considering their importance, the identified miRNAs, lncRNAs, and their targets in P. sinensis might be useful for studying the molecular processes involved in sexual reproduction and genome editing to produce higher quality aquaculture animals. A thorough understanding of ncRNA-based cellular regulatory networks will aid in the improvement of P. sinensis reproduction traits for aquaculture.
Strong Families: A new family skills training programme for challenged and humanitarian settings: a single-arm intervention tested in Afghanistan
Authors: Haar Karin , El-Khani Aala , Molgaard Virginia , Maalouf Wadih
Published: October 2019

Background

Children living in challenged humanitarian settings (including those in rural/underserved areas, the displaced, refugees, in conflict/post conflict situations) are at greater risk of mental health difficulties or behavioural problems, with caregivers acting as their main protective factors. While many family skills programmes exist, very few were developed for, or piloted in, low resource settings (settings with limited infrastructure, typical of humanitarian settings). We therefore designed a brief and light programme and conducted an effectiveness trial first in Afghanistan.Methods

We recruited female caregivers and children aged 8-12 years through schools and drug treatment centres in Afghanistan and enrolled them in a family skills programme over three weeks. Demographic data, emotional and behavioural difficulties of children and parental skills and family adjustment measures were collected from caregivers before, 2 and 6 weeks after the intervention. Outcome was assessed through the SDQ (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), assessing children’s behavioural, emotional, and social issues, and PAFAS (Parenting and Family Adjustment Scales), measuring parenting practices and family functioning.Results

We enrolled 72 families in the programme with a 93.1% retention rate (n=67) for data collection 6 weeks post intervention. The mean age of caregivers was 36.1 years, they had 3·8 children on average and 91.7% of them had experienced war/armed conflict in their past. The average total difficulty score of the SDQ (ranging from 0 to 40, with scores above 16 being indicative of high problems) of the 72 children reduced significantly, from 17.8 at pre-test to 12.9 at post-test and 10.6 at second follow-up, with no difference in gender and most noticeably amongst those with the highest scores at baseline. Likewise, PAFAS scores improved significantly after the programme, again with caregivers with the highest scores at baseline improving most.Conclusions

The implementation of a brief family skills programme was seemingly effective and feasible in a resource-limited setting and positively improved child mental health and parenting practices and family adjustment skills. These results support the value of such a programme and call for further validation through an RCT and with longer follow-ups.
Appropriate Complementary Feeding Practice and associated factors among mothers with children age 6- 23 months in Faggeta-Lekoma District, Northwest Ethiopia: community- based cross - sectional study
Authors: Ferede Addisu belete , Bikes Gashaw Andargie , Gebremichael Tsgehana gebregyorgis
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective : the aim of the study was to assess appropriate complementary feeding practices and associated factors among mothers with children of age 6 - 23 months in Faggeta-Lekoma District, Northwest Ethiopia.
Result – A total of 593 study subjects were included in the study. The magnitude of appropriate complementary feeding practice was 10.6%. Majority (67.1%) of the mothers timely initiated complementary feeding at 6 months. About 60% of mothers fulfill the minimum meal frequency feeding to their children, the day preceding the survey. Only 12.3 % mothers offered four or more food groups to their child Mother’s education: high school and above [AOR=3.12(95%CI 1.43, 6.81)], postnatal care visit [AOR=5.30 (95%CI 2.69, 10.42)], Age of a child: 18-23 months [AOR=3.98 (95%CI 1.55, 10.22)] were significantly associated with appropriate complementary feeding practice.
Keywords : appropriate Complementary feeding practice, Children aged 6–23 months, Ethiopia
Digital Postpartum Hemorrhage Management Device (DPHMD)
Authors: Dereje Derartu , Getachew Abeba , Meskelu Birhan , Adamu Christian , Dejene Kidst , Daba Hundessa , Simegn Gizeaddis Lamesgin
Published: October 2019

Background

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is an obstetric emergency caused by excessive blood loss that occurs most commonly after the placenta is delivered. PPH can lead to volume depletion, hypovolemic shock, anemia, and it is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Maternal mortality rate in Ethiopia is among the highest in the world with 470 deaths per 100,000 live births. 94% of births in Ethiopia are estimated to occur at home and 10% of maternal deaths are attributed to PPH. Currently, physicians use visual estimation to calculate blood loss and provide fluid during delivery. This traditional method is subjective and generally inaccurate.Method

In this project, after delivery blood loss measurement system integrated with fluid delivery and vital sign monitoring method is proposed. The collection and measurement system collects blood loss after delivery and measures the amount of blood loss. The management system continuously monitors the mother’s heart rate and blood pressure. These vital sign values are integrated with the measured blood loss to estimate the amount of IV fluid required to be delivered for the mother. The rate of IV fluid delivery is regulated by a flow rate sensor and solenoid valve.Results

The prototype was built and undergone through different tests and iterations. The proposed device was tested for accuracy, cost effectiveness and ease to use. 91.28% accuracy has been achieved and the prototype was built with less than 210 USD.Conclusion

The proposed design allows physicians, especially those in low resource setting, to estimate blood loss and deliver fluid accurately. This helps to reduce maternal mortality rate that may occur due to postpartum hemorrhage.
Factors Affecting HBV Vaccination in a Medical Training College in Kenya: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Maina Anne , Bii Leah
Published: October 2019

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is highly endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa with 70 to 90% of the population becoming infected before the age of 40 years. Healthcare workers (HCWs) including healthcare students (HCSs) are at an increased risk of contracting HBV due to occupational exposure. HCS are especially at a high risk because of their inexperience with infection control procedures and insufficient knowledge about the level of risk when dealing with patients. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, and its recommendation by Kenya’s Ministry of Health, few HCW and students are vaccinated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of awareness, attitude, practices, and access factors on hepatitis B vaccination uptake by HCS at Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC). Methods: This was a concurrent mixed methods study. For the qualitative arm, a structured questionnaire was used to assess the awareness, knowledge, attitudes and practices towards HBV disease and vaccination. Accessibility of the HBV vaccine in the participating campuses was also assessed. Two FGDs were carried out: one comprised of members of the participating campuses while the second comprised members of staff. Quantitative data was analysed using STATA (version 15) while NVIVO (version 11) was used for qualitative data. Results: Out of 634 students invited to participate in the study, 487 participated (response rate 76.81%). HBV vaccine uptake rate was 76.18% while the non-vaccination rate was 19.10%. Full vaccination was reported by only 21.78% of respondents. The major reason for not receiving the recommended doses was that the vaccine was not available when the students went for it. The qualitative study revealed challenges in the implementation of the vaccination program at KMTC. Conclusions: A clear policy on mandatory vaccination of students and staff is required. In addition, the HBV vaccine should be readily available, affordable and accessible at all times. Regular review of the curricula in medical colleges to include current vaccination recommendations could aid in improving the vaccination status of healthcare workers in particular and the larger community in general.
Early Marriages in Uganda: A Comparative Assessment Of Determinants Across Regions
Authors: Otim Jude
Published: October 2019

Background: Early marriage is any marriage associated with persons under the age of 18. Worldwide, early marriage disproportionately affects females, and is associated with high teenage pregnancies, alongside its negative effects. While early marriage is common in Uganda (49%), it is highest in Eastern (30%) and lowest in Central (19%); as such, not all girls face the same risk of early marriage even within a country. The factors that influence early marriages are important to know for policy implication purposes in Uganda. This study aims to investigate the socio-economic and enabling factors that influence early marriages across the regions of Uganda. Methods: Using a weighted sample of 13,768 ever married women from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. Frequency distributions were used to describe the background characteristics of the women. Pearson’s chi-square (χ 2 ) test was used to investigate the associations between early marriage and socio-economic and enabling factors and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the net-effect of socio-economic and enabling factors on early marriage. Results: Early marriage was highest among women in Eastern region (30%), followed by Northern (27%) and Western (25%) while Central had the lowest proportion at 19%. Across the regions, the key determinants of early marriage were education level, age at first birth and age at first sex (p<0.05). However, residence, wealth status and religion were only predictors of early marriage in Western region (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study underscores the need to strengthen strategies that promote girl child education, delayed initiation of sexual intercourse and child birth as measures for addressing early marriage across regions. In light of the variations in factors across regions, there is also a need to employ interventions that target women in particular regions. Keywords: Early marriage, Region, Uganda