bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Manufacture of Orifice Tube Car Air Conditioning System Simulator with R134a Cooling Fluid
Authors: Andrizal Andrizal , Saputra Hendra Dani , Setiawan Dedi , Setiawan M Yasep
Published: September 2020

Car air conditioning system simulator is a tool that can be used to learn the mechanism of action and the performance of the air conditioning system with certain treatments. The purpose of this research is to be able to design, make a simulator of air conditioning system type of orifice tube car with R134a cooling fluid to determine the mechanism of action, and analyze the performance of system using R134a cooling fluid. This research is a type of Research and Development (R & D), with the ADDIE model development procedure. Based on the results of research conducted, the final product is a valid and practical Car Air Conditioning System Simulator. Coefficience Of Performance (COP) value  = 4.88, and has a practical value of 93 %.

Simulator sistem pengkondisian udara mobil  merupakan alat yang dapat digunakan untuk mempelajari mekanisme kerja dan unjuk kerja sistem pengkondisian udara dengan perlakuan tertentu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mampu merancang, membuat simulator sistem pengkondisian udara mobil jenis orifice tube dengan fluida pendingin R134a untuk mengetahui mekanisme kerja, dan menganalisa unjuk kerja sistem dengan menggunakan fluida pendingin R134a.  Penelitian ini merupakan jenis Research and Development (R & D), dengan prosedur pengembangan model ADDIE. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dihasilkan produk akhir berupa  Simulator Sistem Pengkondisian Udara Mobil  yang  valid dan praktis.  Nilai Cooefficience Of Performance (COP) = 4,88, dan memiliki nilai kepraktisan  93 %.
ASSESSMENT OF MOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATION NEEDS
Authors: Riga Vassiliki , Misirli Anastasia , Komessariou Akrivi
Published: September 2020

Assessment of motor development in preschool children has become increasingly important with the recent acknowledgement that motor impairment/deficit is linked with cognitive, language, social, and emotional difficulties. As there is lack of evidence regarding motor development and early intervention in children with special education needs (SEN), the purpose of this study was to assess the motor development of preschool students with SEN within the educational context to allow their teachers to design appropriate physical education activities to improve students’ motor proficiency. In the present study, the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales – Second Edition test battery was used with five groups of students with different SEN: (a) Autism Spectrum Disorder, (b) Down syndrome, (c) cerebral palsy, (d) mental disability, and (e) specific learning difficulties. Students were grouped on the basis of specific characteristics, such as gender and SEN, and statistically significant differences between groups were sought. Differences in the difficulties encountered during the subtests by children in different SEN groups were found, suggesting that evidence of certain motor weaknesses are more likely for children with specific SEN. An unsatisfactory level in overall performance in gross, fine, and total motor quotients confirmed the delayed motor development of students with SEN. The paper concludes with recommendations for an appropriate evaluative measure and early intervention programmes for children with specific motor impairments.

 Article visualizations:
THE EFFECT OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS
Authors: Nurbavliyev Omarbek , Kaymak S , Almas A , Abedi Mbala Omar
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of this research was to investigate the effect of project-based learning (PBL) on second-course education mathematics students’ achievement. The study was carried out 5 weeks with 37 students in a principle of geometry course at SuleymanDemirel University in Kazakhstan.The final results were obtained to measure students’ academic achievement as pre-test and post-test were obtained.Data were analyzed using a t-test. The results of the achievement test indicated PBL has a significant positive effect on students’ achievement in the principle of geometry course.
Punishment for Crimes: An instrument of Social Change
Authors: Kaushal Swati
Published: September 2020

Abstra                                                   The research proposal titled as “Punishment for Crimes : An instrument of Social Change” is a topic of essence keeping in view the present scenario and administration of justice which by now is dominated by deterrent and reformatory theories and on occasions with the undercurrent of retribution and/or prevention. However while awarding the punishments, courts in India have evolved the principle of proportionality which is emerging as a trend in criminal jurisprudence. There are punishments which have been awarded in the past but with the passage of time and emergence of modern civilization have gone into oblivion. The punishments were extermination, public rebuke, lashing though considered to be punitive in nature. But there can be punishments which do not cause any bodily pain to an accused or affect his freedom of movement but to a limited extend like extermination, admonishing and restoration of wrong by compensation or otherwise. The topic has its objective by entering into punishments other than those prescribed in the codes. The reformations and rehabilitations have already assumed the space in criminology but still are considered to be so effective keeping view the increasing crime rate in the referred target group. The research proposal will deal through doctrinal methodology based on primary and secondary source of data. After analysis of one data it will be corroborated with the other for arriving at certainty. For the research proposal, the emerging questions which strikes the mind and on the premise of which the topic is will be dealt are:  i) whether the existing punitive punishments have resulted in prevention of the crime, ii) Do the reformation and rehabilitation yield desired results in the context of objectives framed in respective legislations, iii) Can there be non-punitive punishments beyond reformation or rehabilitation, iv) To what extend such punishments can be effective for maintenance of social order and decency v) Whether the non-corporal punishment in earlier statutes need to be brought back as part of administering criminal justice in India. Towards the aforesaid, there is a need for rethinking vis a vis to administration of criminal justice. Accordingly matter will be dealt by understanding the theories of punishments and existing punishments under Indian laws, from criminology and victimology point of view also.
THE EFFECT OF ACTIVE LEARNING METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS MATHEMATICS
Authors: Kazmagambet Bibigul , Ibraimova Zhansaya , Kaymak Serkan
Published: September 2020

The world is changing so fast, and therefore education needs to adapt to the challenges of times. In order to update the content of school education in the Republic of Kazakhstan modern trends are going to be used. These trends contain pedagogical methods that can be used to preserve and even increase internal motivation, as active learning. Active learning method is an treatment where students participate or interact with the learning process, as opposed to passively taking in the information.The goal of this study is to identify the impact of active learning method on 10th grade students’ attitude towards mathematics of the students the second semester of the school year 2019-2020. More specifically, it attempted to determine and compare the attitude toward mathematics of students’ exposure to active learning and traditional teaching strategy. The Likert scale used to evaluate the attitude of students toward mathematics. Mean, Cronbach  value, T-test were the statistical tools used in anatomizing and interpreting the research data. The discovering showed that the students in the active learning group had auspicious attitude than students in the conventional teaching group. According to the findings after research, we saw the direct relation between attitude and active learning. It is concluded that the students’ attitude toward mathematics was better by using active learning strategy. It is recommended that mathematics teacher should use active learning strategy in order to improve the attitude toward mathematics of the students.Keywords:  attitude, mathematics, active learning
الطريقة السمعية الشفهية واستخدامها في ترقية كفاءة الكلام
Authors: Jailani
Published: September 2020

Method is an element of some important factors in learning proces for achievenent of educational goals. Learning method is a method in which the teachers as an implementer of learning activities for imparting knowledge to student. The application of this method must be appropriate with the material which can realize the goal of education. Sam’iyah syafahiyah method is a method that requires student to concern about thier skill on learning, comprohending, expressing, reading and writing. The method requires student to listen and repeat what is head in the form of arabic speech until they can speak an converse in arabic.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM PENGGUNAAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI SUPERVISI KLINIS DI SLB NEGERI PEMBINA BLANGKEJEREN, GAYO LUES
Authors: MS Asnaini , PUTRA RAHMAD SYAH
Published: September 2020

This article will explain the efforts to improve the ability of teachers in the use of learning methods through clinical supervision in the Extraordinary School (SLB) of Pembina Blangkejeran, Gayo Lues Regency. This action research uses a qualitative approach as a form of research that focuses on meaning through learning to observe people by interacting in a natural state by using three kinds of data collection methods, namely interviews, observation and documentation studies. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the implementation of school action research by implementing clinical supervision is needed as an effort in order to improve the ability of teachers to use learning methods, because it contains strategies so that students can learn effectively and accurately. Improving the ability of teachers to use learning methods through clinical supervision is one solution that is quite effective. This can be seen from the final results of the study where the teacher can master the existing indicators in determining learning methods and looking for methods that are truly appropriate and in accordance with the learning objectives and the conditions of the classroom environment and the school environment itself which further provides benefits for improving student learning achievement and improving the quality of learning in school.
SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING; STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI BISNIS ERA DIGITAL (Studi Analisis Portal TaniFund.com)
Authors: Mellyan Mellyan
Published: September 2020

The digital world with all its novelty brings changes in every field. This was triggered by the advent of internet technology. Various sectors adapt to the emergence of the technology, one of the business. At the previous two decades, business world is still prevalent using traditional methods, now the business world uses digital media, including social media in it for promotion and business development. Tanifund is a financial funding platform that focuses on agriculture, animal husbandry, and fisheries. It is interesting to study Tanifund because there are big differences in the era of digital agriculture that "move" agricultural land in the digital world and the traditional era which considers agriculture is a heavy work that is only done in open land. This research method uses qualitative research, library research with a descriptive analysis approach. The results of the research show Fanifund has utilized social media for business promotion and development, it's just not been implemented to the maximum. Maximizing the use of social media can increase the number of people who use tanifund. It takes several treatments and a solid team to move social media into media promotion and business development.
KOMUNIKASI YANG BAIK UNTUK MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: Tassia Fransisca
Published: September 2020

The phenomenon found in the research that the students’ achievement in TIK at SMAN 16 Padang were under the Minimum Achievement Criteria (KKM).The purposes of the research are to find out (1) the influence of inquiry method to TIK achievement, (2) the influence of using inquiry method in high motivation students to the students’ achievement at SMAN 16 Padang. This research was an experiment research, the research was designed in difference model, the research used inquiry method in TIK subject. The research design was treatment by block 2X2. The population and the sample of the research were two classes at class XI. The data collection instrument by using several instrumentation, there were theinstrumentation for students’ achievements and the instrumentation for students’ learning motivation by using test of validation, reliability, level of distinction and level of difficulty. The technique of analyzing the data was descriptive data, significance test and hypothesis test. The Findings of the research found that the students’ learning by using inquiry method got higher score in TIK than the students’ learning by using conventional method, the high motivation students’ in learning through inquiry method in TIK got higher score than the students’ learning by using conventional method. From the findings the researcher concluded that (1) There were differences between the result of students’ achievements by using inquirymethod in TIK and students’ achievements by using conventional method. (2) There were differences between the result of high motivation students’ achievements learning through inquiry method and learning by using conventional method. (3) There were differences between the result of low motivation students’ achievements learning through inquiry method and learning by using conventional method. (4) There is no interaction of using inquiry method and students’ motivation to the students’ TIK achievement at SMAN 16 Padang. As a result, In this research Inquiry method and learning motivation could improve students’ TIK
MENYELESAIKAN PERMASALAHAN QANUN JINAYAT ACEH
Authors: Maslijar Heri
Published: September 2020

Although it has not yet fully contained hudud sanctions, the rejection of the Jinayat Qanun still continues to the present. Some NGOS such as women solidarity, Institute Criminal Justice Reform (ICJR), LBH Jakarta, YLBHI, and contrast, continue to make efforts to make the Qanun Jinayat Aceh can be reviewed because it contradicts the Indonesian constitution UUD 1945 especially Jināyah which contains ' Uqūbat ḥudūd in the form of whip. On the other hand, the ACEH government through the Islamic Department gave rise to the discourse so that the death penalty could be applied in ACEH. The discourse indicates that there is a series of attempts to sanction in the Qanun Jinayat can insure ' Uqūbat ḥudūd thoroughly. This article discusses the Battle of two discourse above to solve a series of issues against the ACEH Jinayat Qanun. Is it true Qanun Jinayat unconstitutional as is voiced, whether it is possible Qanun Jinayat contain death penalty until it contains the entire hudud article according to Fiqh Jinayat rules.
„Es fing mit der Streichholzfabrik in Debrecen an”
Authors: Endrész Árpádné , Scholtz Róbert Gergely
Published: September 2020

Im letzten Jahr des Zweiten Weltkriegs besetzte die sowjetische Armee Ostungarn. Nach dem militärischen Befehl von Marschall Malinovsky waren die ethnischen Deutchen in Ungarn gezwungen, Zwangsarbeit zu leisten. Die deportierten Menschen wurden als Kriegsverbrecher gebrandmarkt und in Kohlengruben im Don-Bassin, dem sogenannten "Sowjetparadies", gebracht. Insgesamt 348 Menschen wurden aus den deutschstämmigen Siedlungen der Region Tokaj-Hegyalja deportiert. Dreißig von ihnen kehrten nie zurück. Der jüngste der Deportierten war 16 und der älteste 65 Jahre alt. Ihnen wurde gesagt, sie müssten für eine "kleine Arbeit / malenki robot" in die Streichholzfabrik in Debrecen gehen. Sie arbeiteten unter unmenschlichen Bedingungen, und die meisten Deportierten konnten erst nach 2-4 Jahren nach Hause zurückkehren. Unser Projekt erinnert dieses historische Geschehen. Die Erlebnisgeneration wollte darüber jehrzehntelang nicht sprechen. Da die Jahre des Verschweigens vorbei sind, können wir heute über diese Ereignisse sprechen, die vor 70 Jahren stattgefunden haben, in der Hoffnunkg, dass sie nie wieder geschehen werden.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties for Titanium Alloy TI-6AL-4V-SS316
Authors: Arulmurugan P. , Venkatraman J. , Saravanan P.
Published: September 2020

Titanium and its alloys are being extensively research and are applied relatively in different field of dentistry in since 1970s. Inherent advantage like high strength, ductility, Low modules of plasticity, high corrosion resistance as titanium alloy (Ti 6A 4V ELI –SS316). It is also light weight and highly tolerant to damage by other the alloy content. It is iron are mixing so forming the corrosion resistance and magnetism effect. So to add aluminum, vanadium and carbon content increases and iron content was decrease the various percentage for metal matrix composite(MMC) methods and stainless steel ss316 add by using stir casting method, and to check the hardness test, corrosion test and chemical specification and mechanical properties of the materials. To avoid the bone cells loss and bone desorption. It has superior biocompatibility making it easy to gratin and attach to bone all which being accepted by the human body.
Medflow Architecture for Online Medicine
Authors: Gale Akshay , Waghmare Mayur , Ragella Aarti , Swashinkar Rohan , Sontakke Vishal , Ragella Aarti M.
Published: September 2020

Applications like NETMEDS have a fundamental drawback that users don’t know from where the medicines are being delivered. It has been one of the most challenging part for several people to order medicine online. In day-to-day world, if we visit medical shop then we get the proper medicine i.e., fresh to consume and extracted from a trusted source. In the proposed system, we have created a web portal that will help the customer to order medicine and going to help the vendor for maintaining stock availability online. The prime focus was to order medicine from a trusted source online and to deliver the medicine from trusted source. A web portal is created to order medicine from trusted sources and from specific area. We are going to select the vendor by ourselves and we’re going to add the online payment portal, a map link and a discount section to buy medicine. This is going to be carried out using Java 7, Java Server faces J2EE, Bootstrap 4 and Tomcat 7 in order to make our portal interactive. The web portal is almost created, we are able to search for areas and input the medicine stock from vender’s side, the map link to the vender’s shop, online payment portal with a search and filter ability. The existing systems requests for the prescriptions and the source of the medicine stores and sellers are not provided. To stay away from such framework, we have created a web application that can connect the customers as well as the nearby vendors. As the clients trust on close by drug store owners, so we have proposed a structure where client will have the option to look through medication’s accessibility in close by shop. Additionally, they will have the option to check accessibility for prescriptions. As the seller will be realized client will be agreeable for requesting prescription. In addition to that, we are giving online payment portal.
Students’ Perceptions toward Bilingual Education at ICP Chemistry Education in Makassar
Authors: Sucitra Sucitra
Published: September 2020

This study aims to find out: (1) students’ perceptions toward bilingual education in ICP (International Class Program) toward the use of two languages of instructions (English and Indonesian) by the lecturer in classroom. (2) to investigate its benefit for students in ICP chemistry education. The researcher adopted a descriptive qualitative research with a case study method. To gain the data, the researcher employed questionnaire with the students. the subjects in this study were 24 of students sixth semester belong to the International Class Program (ICP) chemistry education in State University of Makassar. The results of this study showed that there were the bilingual education helps the students to gain control their English skill. It showed that students’ positive perceptions toward the use of bilingual language as language instruction in the classroom by the lecturer. It is concluded that teaching chemistry in English facilitates the learners’ attempt in learning English.
Learning Styles Activity level and Medical Students’ Learning Performance
Authors: Qudsia Deeba
Published: September 2020

The activity level relationship of learning styles and the level of activity relationships intra-campus activities to the achievement of the medical students. The design used in this study is analytical category using cross sectional approach. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test. The results of the analysis with chi-square test found a correlation between the activity level relationship of study style to academic achievement of students (ρ-value=0.891) and found a correlation between the activity of intra-campus activities to academic achievement of students (ρ value = 0.021). There is a relationship between the level of activity of intra-campus activities to academic achievement of students.
Discovery Learning Effect on Mathemathic Learning
Authors: Okwina David
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to improve the mathematics learning through the application of the Discovery Learning model with a scientific approach. The application of the Discovery Learning learning model with an effective scientific approach can increase the frequency of activeness and activities in the teaching and learning process according to the observations of student attitudes during the implementation of classroom action research. It showed that Student learning outcomes that are not entirely satisfactory are also caused by several factors, namely individual student factors, student environment and school environment.
The Effect of Implementing the Financial Management Information System on the Quality of the Presentation of the Pangkep Regency Government’s Financial Statements
Authors: Anggraeny Andi Sry
Published: September 2020

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the application of Government Accounting Standards to the quality of financial reports in the local government of Pangkep Regency, Indonesia.

Approach/Methodology/Design: In this study, the sample taken was 43 administrators from 45 Regional Work Units (SKPD) which consisted of a financial statement drafting team and Regional Government Internal Auditors (AIPD) involved in the preparation of Pangkep District Government's financial statements. Data collection was carried out through direct observation and surveys obtained by distributing questionnaires to the respondents. This research uses quantitative research methods.

Findings: The results showed that the effectiveness of the application of Government Accounting Standards had a positive and significant effect on the quality of local government financial reports.

Practical Implications: An important implication of the results of this study is that the effectiveness of implementing a system is highly dependent on the achievement of the quality of the output it produces. That is, a program is said to be successful if the program's objectives are effectively achieved. The amount of contribution greatly depends on the achievement of the targets and targets that have been set.

Originality/value: The regional management information system is part of the state's efforts to present good governance, a government that can be accountable for activities financed through measurable and transparent public budgets. This paper examined the implementation of this system, and it is concluded that it has a positive and significant effect on the quality of the presentation of financial statements at the Pangkep Regency Government.
Postpartum Care Impact on Malayan Mothers in Pontianak, Indonesia
Authors: Yuniantini Ummy
Published: September 2020

Purpose: This study aims to analyze postpartum care impact on Malayan people in Pontianak. It also explores the cultural traditions of the Malayan community in relation to postpartum care and how they deal with mothers during the postpartum period.

Study Design: A cross sectional study.

Subjects and Methods: The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with an ethnographic approach. This research was conducted in East Pontianak District, within the Malay ethnic community in the Malay village. Data collection is done through observation and interviews.

Results: The results of the study showed that health impacts of postpartum care can be directly felt in the body by becoming fresher and healthier. During the postpartum period, the body gradually improves and recovers. With no postpartum care, the results of the study indicate that the body gets easily tired and the mothers can become easily sick with frequent vaginal discharges. Furthermore, eating “Ilisha Elongata” during the postpartum period causes severe health problems. There are also taboo suggestions made by Malay people during the postpartum period.

Conclusions: Postpartum care is essential and the effects on the mothers are long-lasting. The effects are directly felt with fresher and healthier body.
Challenging Misogyny on and off the Pitch: Analysis of Selected Sports Movies
Authors: Parvathy Parvathy B.
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The present study is an attempt to analyze selected sports movies with reference to discrimination and misogyny against sportswomen. The aim is to explore how Indian sportswomen face misogyny and discrimination in sport institutions and society at large.
Approach/Methodology/Design: The study is based on thematic analysis to destabilize the notion that sports are the sole realm of men alone. Feminist film theory is also used in the analysis of the movies. Two movies were selected; Chak de! India (2007) and Dil bole Hadippa! (2009).
Findings: The results of the analysis indicate that these movies despite having their own drawbacks exhort that society cannot deny women equal rights of participation and opportunity in sports. Both of the movies project their protagonists struggling to achieve success in sports. It is revealed that despite the progress that has been achieved in sports, misogyny is deep-rooted in sport institutions.
Practical Implications: The paper throws light on various types of barriers, socio-cultural, biological and psychological, which women players have to cross, in addition to dealing with a bizarre and weird kind of treatment which their male counterparts do not normally confront. It depicts how family pressures and restrictions, cultural inhibitions, lack of support and biased attitude of society can ultimately thwart the ambitions of women players.
Originality/value: The paper suggests that sports can be used as an effective tool for women empowerment. As part of the feminist inquiry, the attempt here is to expose the inequalities and discrimination against sportswomen.
Insight into the Effect of Mg(OH)2 Films vs. Noble Element Enrichment on the Global and Local Cathodic Activation of Corroding Mg
Authors: Cain T.W. , Glover C.F. , Laird J.S. , Birbilis N. , Scully J.R.
Published: September 2020

The anodically-enhanced cathodic activation of high-purity Mg was studied by global and local electrochemical measurements in unbuffered 0.6 M NaCl, 0.6 M NaCl saturated in Mg(OH)2, 0.1 M MgCl2, 0.1 M Na2SO4, and 0.1 M tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride (TRIS). The selection of diverse aqueous environments was deliberate in order to explore the effect of dissolution product upon subsequent cathodic activation. Cathodic activation was found to be strong in all of the chloride-containing environments where a porous hydroxide forms; weak in Na2SO4 where a denser, more compact hydroxide forms; and negligible in TRIS where no hydroxide forms. Elemental enrichment, mapped using microparticle-induced x-ray emission, revealed the enrichment of Fe only in Cl−-containing environments, suggesting that noble metal enrichment provides a stronger influence on cathodic activation than that of Mg(OH)2 films.
Expression pattern of circulating long non-coding RNA GAS5 as a novel biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Vesovic Natasa , Tosic Natasa , Karan Djurasevic Teodora , Andric Zoran , Zdravkovic Darko , Pavlovic Sonja , Jovanovic Dragana
Published: September 2020

Introduction

The finding that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) originating from tumor cells could be found in general circulation has prompted the idea to use lncRNAs as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers of particular diseases. In this study we explored the expression pattern of circulating GAS5 (growth arrest-specific transcript 5) lncRNA in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and its association with clinicopathological characteristics.

Material and methods

Expression pattern of circulating GAS5 was analyzed in 58 plasma samples of NSCLC patients, and 15 healthy controls. Quantitative assessment was performed using the real-time PCR method and TaqMan chemistry.

Results

Circulating GAS5 expression level in NSCLC patients was not significantly decreased compared to control samples (p = 0.081). Statistically significant difference in GAS5 expression was found in relation to TNM stage of the tumor (p < 0.001), decreasing with progression of the tumor stage. Lower GAS5 expression was detected in patients with larger tumors (p = 0.006), and in patients with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic potential of circulating GAS5 expression, showing the highest predictive power in distinguishing between stage III/IV patients and control samples (AUC = 0.8; sensitivity 53%, specificity 93%), and also for separating patients between TNM stage I/II and stage III/IV (AUC = 0.82; sensitivity 73%, specificity 79%).

Conclusions

Our study suggests that decreased expression of circulating GAS5 is closely related to the tumor size and TNM stage. Therefore the measurement of GAS5 expression level in plasma could be a promising noninvasive diagnostic molecular biomarker in NSCLC patients.
Predictive value of ultrasound diagnosis of aberrant right subclavian artery with non-recurrent laryngeal nerve
Authors: Liang Rong-Xi , Wang Bo , Zhao Wen-Xin , Xue En-Sheng , Ye Qin , Chen Zhi-Yong , Chen Zhi-Kui , Lin Xue-Ying , Lin Zhen-Hu , Lin You-Jia
Published: September 2020

Introduction

This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of color Doppler ultrasound for the diagnosis of aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) with a co-occurring non-recurrent right laryngeal nerve (NRLN).

Material and methods

In the present study, 58 patients with ARSA (ARSA group) and 1,280 patients without ARSA (controls) were diagnosed by ultrasonography. In addition, 32 patients with ARSA (ARSA operation group) and controls underwent thyroidectomy with surgical exploration with or without NRLN. Then, the incidence of NRLN was analyzed. The right common carotid artery (RCCA) and right subclavian artery (RSA) trends were observed by ultrasound, and classified into two types: RCCA and RSA originating from the innominate artery (IA) (type I), and IA could not be detected (type II).

Results

A total of 32 cases of NRLN were found in the ARSA operation group, but no case was found in controls, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0006). The difference in the constituent ratio of type I and type II was statistically significant between the ARSA group and controls (p = 0.0002). That is, the IA could not be detected in the ARSA group, which was accompanied by the RCCA that originated from the aortic arch, while the IA was detected in most patients in the control group at the level of the sternoclavicular joints.

Conclusions

Aberrant right subclavian artery can be rapidly detected by ultra­sonography. Aberrant right subclavian artery occurs when the RCCA originates from the aortic arch during detection. Patients with ARSA sometimes have co-occurring NRLN. Hence, vigilance in protecting the NRLN is needed during an operation.
Hyperbaric oxygen effects on the alveoli-capillary unit in a murine model of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Curi-Curi Pedro J. , Castillo-Hernandez Maria C. , Chavez-Martinez Miguel , Loredo-Mendoza Lilia , Rios-Garcia Eduardo , Kormanovski-Kovzova Alexandre , Guevara-Balcazar Gustavo
Published: September 2020

Introduction

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an increase in the normal value of systolic pressure of the pulmonary artery, frequently due to congenital heart diseases being its treatment the correction of this defects; alternatively, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has shown beneficial effects facilitating neovascularisation and decreased vascular resistance. An experimental study was designed to determine the effect of HBO on the alveoli-capillary unit in a murine model of irreversible pulmonary hypertension (IPAH) induced with monocrotaline.

Material and methods

Four groups of 10 Wistar rats each were considered: A (control), B (HBO), C (IPAH), and D (IPAH+HBO). HBO was administered at 2 atm, 1 h daily, for 15 days. At the end of this time, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was measured, followed by histologically quantification of the number of cells, vascular buttons, and neoformation vessels employing the immunochemistry detection of hypoxia-induced factor-1 (HIF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CD34, respectively.

Results

Histologically, this matches with an increase of the average number of positive HIF-1 cells, and an increase in VEGF-positive vascular buttons in group D rats compared with those of group C. The number of CD34-positive neovessels was similar in groups C and D, but in the latter group the number of capillary vessels was more significant.

Conclusions

This suggests that angiogenesis and vasculogenesis were induced by HIF-1, and it has been achieved due to an early effect of HBO therapy. Presumably, neovessels were formed between days 5 and 10 following HBO therapy, but more experimental studies are required to test this hypothesis.
P2X7 blockade inhibits the growth of breast cancer in 4T1 breast cancer-bearing mice by NLRP3/caspase 1 pathway
Authors: Yu Xiaolan , Chen Xuejiao , Tang Xiaoping , Cao Yong , Tang Li , Liu Yong
Published: September 2020

Introduction

The role of P2X7 in the progression of breast cancer remains unclear; hence, it is necessary to investigate whether the P2X7/NLRP3/caspase 1 signalling pathway is associated with the development of breast cancer.

Material and methods

4T1 breast cancer-bearing mice models were developed for P2X7 agonists BzATP and antagonists BBG. The weight of breast cancer tissue among groups was calculated and compared. The cancer tissue was observed by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and the expression of P2X7, NLRP3, and caspase 1 was examined by immunofluorescence and western blot.

Results

The tumour weight and the medullary lymphocytes in the BzATP group were significantly higher than those of the sham and control groups, but the tumour weight and the medullary lymphocytes in the BBG group were significantly lower than those of the sham, control, and BzATP groups. The number of positive P2X7 in the BzATP group was significantly higher than that of other groups, but BBG significantly reduced the number of P2X7. The relative expression level of P2X7 in the BzATP group was significantly higher than that of other groups, but the relative expression level of P2X7 in the BBG group was significantly lower than that of other breast cancer-bearing groups.

Conclusions

The blocking of P2X7 can inhibit the growth of breast cancer in 4T1 breast cancer-bearing mice via NLRP3/caspase 1 pathway. Future studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanism.
Overexpression of PGC-1α reduces inflammation
and protects against focal cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Wen Youliang , Hu Ziwei , Tang Xiaodong , Hu Ke
Published: September 2020

Introduction

Cerebral ischaemia and subsequent reperfusion can cause brain damage. Herein we investigate the impact of PGC-1α expression following I/R injury with overexpressed PGC-1α versus wild-type mice.

Material and methods

Focal cerebral I/R was performed in the wild-type and transgenic mouse models. In both mouse groups we evaluated the redox status by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, infarct volumes, neurological scoring, protein (western blot analysis), and cytokine (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) expression.

Results

The results showed that PGC-1α expression was significantly down-regulated in I/R injury compared to the sham mice. I/R injury increased ROS levels and further up-regulated apoptosis. PGC-1α-overexpressed mice down-regulated I/R injury-induced neurological deficit scores and infarct volume. In addition, compared to WT mice during I/R injury, PGC-1α-overexpressed mice significantly down-regulated inflammatory proteins (NF-κB, COX-2, NLRP3) and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) expressions. I/R injured mice showed severe decline in Nrf-2, HO-1, and NQO1 expressions.

Conclusions

Importantly, PGC-1α/Nrf-2 suppression during cerebral I/R injury causes overall brain damage through increased oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and apoptosis. PGC-1α-overexpressed mice promoted cytoprotection through Nrf-2 regulation during cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Thus, PGC-1α overexpression leads to lesser injury following ischaemia, thereby preserving mitochondrial activity. PGC-1α might act as therapeutic target protein and thereby protect against cerebral damage during I/R injury.
Cone beam computed tomography – extending its arm to explore
new possibilities
Authors: Chaudhari Prajakta P. , Bhadage Chetan , Bhoosreddy Ajay , Bramhe Pragati , Rathod Prutha , Dange Shreya
Published: September 2020

Purpose

To determine whether the greyscale value depicted in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) differentiates different benign osseous lesions of jaws and to measure the greyscale value of various osseous lesions of jaws and to find the correlation (if any) of these greyscale values to that of histopathological diagnosis.

Material and methods

This study was conducted in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of the Dental Institute after obtaining approval from the Ethical Committee. CBCT scans of osseous lesions of jaws confirmed with histopathological reports depicting cystic or tumour-like lesions were included in the study. Greyscale values depicted in CBCT scans of osseous lesions were measured. The greyscale values were grouped as per the histopathological diagnosis, and these ranges were then tabulated and statistically evaluated.

Results

The mean value with standard deviation of greyscale values for cystic lesions was 1208.375 ± 93 and for that of the tumour group was 1603 ± 425.5.

Conclusions

The greyscale value is a useful tool in differentiating between different groups of osseous lesions of jaws.
Update on musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging, dedicated to the first honourable member of the Polish Medical Radiological Society Madame Maria Sklodowska-Curie
Authors: S. Taljanovic Mihra
Published: September 2020

Since its development in the 1970s and 1980s, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a widely used imaging modality in the evaluation of various musculoskeletal (MSK) traumatic and pathological conditions. Subsequent rapid improvement of the standard and development of functional MRI techniques and sequences on high-resolution MRI scanners has led to superb contrast resolution imaging of various MSK structures including bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves. This series of nine review MRI articles provides an update on MSK MRI in routine clinical practice with an emphasis on normal anatomy and various traumatic and pathologic conditions.
Revisiting the WHO classification system of soft tissue tumours: emphasis on advanced magnetic resonance imaging sequences. Part 1
Authors: Ahlawat Shivani , M. Fayad Laura
Published: September 2020

The World Health Organisation (WHO) classification categorises musculoskeletal soft tissue tumours (STT) based on their similarity to normal adult tissue. The most recent WHO classification provides an updated scheme that integrates biological behaviour as a distinguishing feature in each subcategory; STTs are further subdivided as benign, intermediate (locally aggressive or rarely metastasising), and malignant. Although malignant STTs are infrequent in routine orthopaedic radiology practice, musculoskeletal radiologists must be familiar with the imaging appearance of malignant STTs and distinguish them from their benign counterparts for appropriate management. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the ideal modality for the detection, characterisation, and local staging of STT. This review will discuss the most recent updates to the WHO classification of STT that are relevant to radiologists in a routine clinical practice with MRI correlation. The utility of advanced MRI sequences such as diffusion weighted imaging, dynamic contrast enhanced sequences, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy to provide insight into the biological behaviour of various STTs is highlighted.
Subjective sleep disturbances at the time of diagnosis in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and in patients with seronegative elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis. A pilot study
Authors: Manzo Ciro , Castagna Alberto
Published: September 2020

Objectives

To investigate subjective sleep disturbances in patients with recent-onset polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and in patients with recent-onset seronegative elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (SEORA).

Material and methods

The study involved patients consecutively referred to two outpatient clinics from January to June 2018, with a diagnosis of PMR according to 2012 European League Against Rheumatism and American College of Rheumatology provisional criteria, and patients with a diagnosis of SEORA according to 1987 American Rheumatism Association criteria + age + absence of rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies. All patients were naive to glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. After informed consent, we asked the patients to fill out a questionnaire including the Medical Outcomes Study – Sleep Scale (MOS-SS), pain Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and how many minutes their morning stiffness (MS) lasted, at baseline and after 1 (T1) and 12 (T2) months. Differences between groups were calculated with the t-test; all p-values were two-sided and p < 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. The study was approved by the local ethics committee and carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration.

Results

The MOS-SS scores and MS duration were the only variables to show at T0 a significant difference between the two groups. In particular, MOS-SS scores were 47.6 ±8.4 (PMR) and 28.26 ±12.4 (SEORA), with p-values = 0.000. The MS duration was 90 ±9.9 minutes and 45 ±5.5 minutes, with p-value = 0.000. At T1 and T2, MOS-SS scores and MS duration decreased in the two groups, and no significant differences were found.

Conclusions

The study suggests that the assessment of subjective sleep disturbances can be useful in the differential diagnosis between recent-onset PMR and SEORA.
3D MODELLING OF A BUILDING ORIENTED TO INDOOR NAVIGATION SYSTEM FOR USERS WITH DIFFERENT MOBILITY CONDITIONS
Authors: Montilla Y. M. , León-Sánchez C.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. We implemented the semantic models required to develop an indoor navigation system to assist the movement of users with different physical mobility conditions inside the building of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the National University of Colombia. Everything starts with the recollection of architectural data followed by an analysis and depuration of unnecessary elements (geometrically and semantically) ending with two models: 1) a CityGML model of the interior of the building (LOD4), being the data source for the IndoorGML model and for visualization, 2) an IndoorGML model, provider of the semantic network for the future application of routing algorithms. We present resulting models with the discussion of the challenges and limitations that authors face during this work.
MONITORING MOVEMENT IN THE SMART CITY: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF MEASURING URBAN BUSTLE
Authors: Walravens N. , Van de Vyvere B. , Van Compernolle M. , Vlassenroot E. , Colpaert P.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. One of the promises of the smart city concept is using real-time data to enhance policy making. In practice, such promises can turn out to be either very limited in what is actually possible or quickly trigger dystopian scenarios of tracking and monitoring. Today, many cities around the world already measure forms of urban bustle, i.e. how busy it is during specific periods of time. They do this for all kinds of purposes like optimising mobility flows, attracting tourism, monitoring safety during events or stimulating the local economy, and they employ divergent technologies: from analogue counting, over surveys, to more advanced near real-time tracking using mobile operator data. This fragmentation of approaches to measuring urban bustle creates some challenges for cities related to privacy, vendor lock-in, comparability of data, data quality and accuracy, historical and predictive analysis of data and so on. To tackle these challenges and formulate a standardised approach to measuring urban bustle, the thirteen largest cities in Flanders (Belgium), together with local technology vendors, co-created a “definition manual”; a document outlining indicators and relevant technologies for measuring urban bustle, as well as shared profile descriptions of residents and visitors of the city. This paper outlines the process and presents the results, an agreed-upon framework of standard profiles and indicators, which are useful to academics, public servants and technology companies involved in this topic.