bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Many-body Δ-Machine Learning brings the
accuracy of conventional force field to coupled
cluster: application to the TTM2.1 water
force field
Authors: Qu Chen , Yu Qi , Houston Paul , Conte Riccardo , Nandi Apurba , Bowman Joel
Published: July 2022

Polarizable force fields are central to computational chemistry and biochemistry;however, they are largely empirical or semi-empirical. Here we propose and demonstrate a Δ-Machine Learning approach to correct such force fields to the gold standard
coupled cluster level of theory. This is done explicitly for the TTM2.1-F water potential. Specifically we correct this potential up to 4-b interactions. The new potential achieves unprecedented accuracy for eight low-lying isomers of the water hexamer and
20-mer clusters. Rigorous diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) calculations of the dissociation energies of the water dimer and trimer using the Δ-corrected potential are in excellent agreement with experiment. In addition, the new potential is robust for unconstrained DMC calculations for the hexamer, as well as VSCF/VCI calculations of the IR spectrum of the book and ring isomers, which agree well with experiment. We show for 256
monomers that the Δ-corrected potential is negligibly more computationally intensive than TTM2.1 for energies and gradients. Thus, the many-body Δ-Machine Learning approach provides a new scheme to significantly elevate the accuracy of conventional force field in a computationally efficient manner.
Growth, physiological, and molecular responses of three phaeophyte extracts on salt-stressed pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings
Authors: Hamouda Marwa M. , Badr Abdelfattah , Ahmed Hanan I. Sayed , Saad-Allah Khalil M.
Published: July 2022

Seaweeds are a viable bioresource for suffering plants against salt stress. The alleviating capacity of extracts from three brown algae (Sargassum vulgare, Colpomenia sinuosa, and Pandia pavonica) in pea (Pisum sativum L.) was investigated in this study. Pea seeds were primed for 2 h either with seaweed extracts (SWEs) or distlled water. Seeds were then subjected to salinity levels of 0.0, 50, 100, and 150 mM NaCl. On 21st day seedlings were harvested for growth, physiological and molecular investigations. SWEs were helpful in reducing the adverse effects of salinity on pea, with S. vulgare extract being the most effective. Furthermore, SWEs diminished the effect of NaCl-salinity on germination, growth rate, pigments content and raised the osmolytes proline and glycine betaine levels. On the molecular level, two low-molecular weight proteins were newly synthesized by the NaCl treatments and three by priming of pea seeds with SWEs. The number of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers substantially increased from 20 in the control seedlings to 36 in 150 mM NaCl-treated seedlings, including four unique markers. Priming with seaweed extract triggered more markers than the control, however about ten of the salinity-induced markers were not detected following seed priming before NaCl treatments. By priming with SWEs, seven unique markers were elicited. All in all, priming with SWEs alleviated salinity stress on pea seedlings. The response of plants to salt stress and priming with SWEs is reflected by the synthesis of salinity responsive proteins and ISSR markers.
Teacher feedback-based collaborative group-testing improve students’ knowledge gaps of parasitology
Authors: Peng Xiaohong , Jiang Liping , Cao Deping , Chen Gen , Li Dayu , Teng Pingying , Li Jianzhou
Published: July 2022

Background: Collaborative group-testing has been demonstrated to be able to improve students’ performance, enhance students’ learning, as well as knowledge retention in many different courses. However, this examination mode lacks the process of teacher feedback. Herein, a short teacher feedback is supposed to be added immediately after the collaborative group testing so as to improve the students’ performance. Methods:The parasitology class of 121 undergraduates were randomized into two groups: Group A (n=61) and Group B (n=60). A collaborative group-testing was carried out at the end of theoretical teaching of this course. During the test, students would first answer questions in the traditional format as individuals for 20 minutes. Then, students from Group A answered the same questions in groups (5 students in each group) for 20 minutes, and students from Group B, like Group A, had a group discussion and answer session, but the duration was only 15 minutes. Immediately after the answers were given by the groups, teachers had conducted a 5-minutes feedback about the morphology identification according to the answers given by Group B. Four weeks later, after the exercises had been finished in classes, a final test was conducted in the traditional format. The total scores and score for each examination content were anlyzed. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference in the final exam scores between both groups (t=-1.278, p=0.204). However, the morphological and diagnostic test results of the final examination in Group B were significantly higher than those of the mid-term examination, while there was no significant change in Group A (t=4.333, p=0.051). Conclusion: The results confirmed that the timely teacher feedback after the collaborative group-testing can effectively make up for the students' knowledge gaps.
Prognostic markers for the clinical course in the blood of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Fischer Johannes C , Balz Vera , Jazmati Danny , Bölke Edwin , Freise Noemi F , Keitel Verena , Feldt Torsten , Jensen Björn Eric , Bode Johannes , Lüdde Tom , Häussinger Dieter , Adams Ortwin , Schneider E. Marion , Enczmann Jürgen , Rox Jutta , Hermsen Derik , Schulze-Bosse Karin , Kindgen-Milles Detlef , Knoefel Wolfram Trudo , Griensven Martijn , Haussmann Jan , Tamaskovics Balint , Plettenberg Christian , Scheckenbach Kathrin , Corradini Stefanie , Pedoto Alessia , Maas Kitti , Schmidt Livia , Grebe Olaf , Esposito Irene , Ehrhardt Anja , Peiper Matthias , Buhren Bettina Alexandra , Calles Christian , Stöhr Andreas , Gerber Peter Arne , Lichtenberg Artur , Schelzig Hubert , Flaig Yechan , Rezazadeh Amir , Budach Wilfried , Matuschek Christiane
Published: July 2022

Background The presentation of peptides and the subsequent immune response depend on the MHC characteristics and influence the specificity of the immune response. In addition to polymorphic T-cell receptor alpha/beta constructs, less variable T-cell receptor gamma/delta cells may respond to a specific peptide presented by MHC molecules of antigen presenting cells as well as other target tissues. Methods: High-resolution HLA typing was performed in 536 non-hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV2. For HLA-Class I we obtained results from 519 patients, and for HLA-Class-II from 531. Patients who became ill between March 2020 and August 2021 were tested for the 22 most common HLA class I (HLA-A, -B, -C) or HLA class II (HLA –DRB1/3/4, -DQA1, -DQB1) haplotypes in this collective. The identified HLA haplotypes were associated to disease severity. We also analyzed the influence of CCR5 and the ABO blood groups on the disease duration.Results: The influence of the HLA haplotypes on disease severity was stronger than the influence of age, sex, AB0 blood group, or wave of infection with different mutants of the virus. The presence of mutated CCR5 resulted in a longer recovery period.Conclusion: The existence of certain HLA haplotypes is associated with more severe disease..
Circulating thrombospondin 2 levels reflect fibrosis severity and disease activity in HCV-infected patients
Authors: Iwadare Takanobu , Kimura Takefumi , Tanaka Naoki , Yamazaki Tomoo , Wakabayashi Shun-ichi , Okumura Taiki , Kobayashi Hiroyuki , Yamashita Yuki , Pydi Sai P , Nakajima Tomoyuki , Iwaya Mai , Sugiura Ayumi , Joshita Satoru , Uehara Takeshi , Umemura Takeji
Published: July 2022

Background
Among several secreted glycoproteins belonging to the thrombospondin family, thrombospondin 2 (TSP2) is involved in various functions, including collagen/fibrin formation, maintenance of normal vascular density, and cell adhesion. Liver/serum TSP2 levels have been correlated to liver fibrosis stage and disease activity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This study investigated whether serum TSP2 was associated with clinicopathological features in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients as well.
Methods
A total of 350 patients with HCV who had undergone liver biopsy were retrospectively enrolled and divided into a discovery cohort (n = 270) and a validation cohort (n = 80). Serum samples collected at the time of biopsy were used to measure TSP2 using enzyme immunoassays.
Results
In the discovery cohort, serum TSP2 levels were moderately correlated with both liver fibrosis stage (r = 0.426, P < 0.0001) and activity grade (r = 0.435, P < 0.0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of TSP2 for predicting severe fibrosis (≥ F3) was 0.78 and comparable to or better than those of autotaxin (0.78), FIB-4 index (0.78), and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (0.76). The discovery cohort findings were closely replicated in the validation cohort. Moreover, comprehensive liver genetic analysis of HCV-infected patients confirmed that the expression of the THBS2 gene encoding TSP2 was significantly higher in severely fibrotic F4 than in F1 patients.
Conclusion
Circulating TSP2 levels may reflect the severity of hepatic fibrosis/inflammation in HCV-infected patients. The pathophysiological significance of TSP2 in the liver merits further investigation.
Biomechanical assessment of disease outcome in surgical intervention for medial meniscal posterior root tears: efficacy and considerations
Authors: Xu Zhi , Li Yuwan , Rao Jingcheng , Jin Ying , Xu Xing , Liu Yi , Tian Shoujin
Published: July 2022

Background
The adverse consequences of medial meniscus posterior root tear have become more and more familiar to surgeons, and the treatment strategies have become increasingly abundant. In this paper, the finite element gait analysis method was used to explore the differences in the biomechanical characteristics of the knee joint under different conditions.
Methods
The CT computed tomography images of the knee joint were collected, and the CT two-dimensional tomographic images were converted into three-dimensional models through the procedures of gray value adjustment and regional growth. A structure with bone, cartilage, and meniscus was constructed (i) a finite element model of the intact knee joint. Next (ii) the slight tear model, (iii) the severe tear model, (iv) the entire tear model, (v) partial meniscectomy model, and (vi) meniscus repair model were constructed on the basis of the intact knee joint model. Different models were developed and analyzed under normal gait loading conditions.
Results
Under the gait load, the contact mechanics, kinematics and contact area of the medial and lateral interarticular compartment of the slight tear model and the severe tear model were not significantly different from those of the intact knee joint, while the severe tear model was significantly higher than the intact knee joint in the comparison of the local stress of the posterior root of the meniscus, and the average stress and peak stress increased by 267.1% and 202.9%, respectively. In addition, by comparing the performance of the partial meniscectomy model with the intact knee joint model, it can be concluded that partial meniscectomy did not show an improvement in cartilage contact behavior, and the average stress in the medial compartment still increased by 19.9%. The average contact area of femur and tibial cartilage decreased by 40.7% and 17.7% respectively. Meniscus repair has excellently achieved the task of restoring the biomechanics of the medial meniscus, and it is worth noting that it has also paid a high cost to achieve this benign outcome. The average stress of the posterior root of meniscus and tibial plateau increased by 127.1% and 271.6% respectively compared with the intact model.
Conclusions
The biomechanics of the knee joint is not sensitive to the level of tear of the posterior root. The improvement of partial meniscectomy in relieving intra-articular overload is limited, and the risk factors for accelerating the progression of osteoarthritis still exist. Meniscus repair is recommended for patients with medial meniscus posterior root tear to restore the biomechanical properties of the meniscus.
Analysis of Cryptography before Steganography Operation by ROC Curves and Confusion Matrices Criteria
Authors: Hadipour Ali , Afifi Raheleh , ShojaeiYas Hamed
Published: July 2022

The steganography algorithms based on media type, format and capacity are used for different applications. The use of cryptographic algorithms also depends on the type of application. The challenge that can be investigated is the use of cryptographic algorithms in the steganography process, which must be properly scrutinized due to the special sensitivities of these two technologies. The use of cryptographic algorithms in steganographic systems increases the security of hidden data, but this security level should not make the entropy more visible and did not consider other metric. For this reason, in this paper, two steganographic algorithms for JPEG image and two steganographic algorithms for audio in WAV format are investigated, so that before the steganographic operation, a cryptography algorithm is used to encrypt the message. In the following, after reviewing the steganographic algorithms using several valid steganalysis, the advantages of using and not using these cryptographic algorithms against their disadvantages are reviewed and suggestions about their use in steganography algorithms and systems are presented.
Investigation on Microstructural and Mechanical properties of AA7075/SiC/ZrO 2 Hybrid composite fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Techniques
Authors: Manohar Guttikonda
Published: July 2022

Due to their superior qualities as compared to their parent alloys, composites are in high demand in the current industrial sectors. In the current study, research was conducted on the hybrid AA7075/SiC/ZrO2 composite that was developed using powder metallurgy techniques. SiC reinforcements were added, and mechanical characteristics began to improve to their best possible state. After optimum levels, properties degradation then started. According to the microstructural observations, agglomerations were the main cause of the decline in mechanical characteristics. The addition of ZrO2 particles to the optimized volume fractionated AA7075/SiC composite further improved the properties of the material. After the 3% ZrO2 level, properties began to deteriorate. Microstructural observations revealed that agglomerates are the main reason for the degradation of mechanical properties. While trying to disperse the agglomerated SiC and ZrO2 particles through higher ball milling periods, compressive lattice strains in the 7% SiC and non-uniform lattice strains in the 8% SiC composites were observed. Due to the differences in hardness of SiC and ZrO2 particles, long period ball milling of AA7075/8%SiC/4%ZrO2 hybrid composite powders showed damaged ZrO2 particles. XRD analysis revealed Al4C3 and Al3Zr intermetallic compounds in the S7 and S7Z4 composites, these cause the composite materials' mechanical characteristics to deteriorate. From the present investigation, it was observed that addition of SiC to the AA7075 contributes more while enhancing the properties of the composite compared to ZrO2. Overall in the current study, a total enhancement of 195% in compression was noticed when compared to base alloy.
Clinical and Imaging Features of Spinal Extradural Arachnoid Cysts: A Retrospective Study of 50 cases
Authors: Ahmed  , Anisetti Bhrugun , Huynh Thien , Agarwal M.B.B.S Amit , Gupta Vivek , Desai Amit , Singh M.B.B.S Rahul , Vibhute Prasanna
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts (SEDAC) are thought to arise from leakage of CSF through a spinal dural defect. This study investigates the demographics and imaging spectrum of SEDACs at our academic institution and compares them with those reported in the literature.
Material and Methods
Fifty cases with documented MRI diagnosis of SEDAC, Nabors criteria type I meningeal cyst (MC), were identified from retrospective review of imaging records between 1999 to 2020. Patient demographics, presenting symptoms, cyst characteristics, and management outcomes studied. Statistical analysis to determine associations between maximum cyst size and presenting symptoms along with other imaging findings.
Results
In all 50 subjects, SEDACs were solitary (single) and sporadic (non-familial). The majority were incidental (62%), located posteriorly (92%) and laterally (80%) in the thoracic and thoracolumbar regions (34%, 30%). They were associated with mild mass effect upon the thecal sac (50%) and bone remodeling (92%). Among symptomatic SEDACs, back pain and radiculopathy were the most reported (68%). Larger cysts were located caudally in the spinal canal, and were associated with greater thecal mass effect, bone remodeling, and septations. Four out of six subjects who underwent surgical management had complete or partial remission. One had cyst recurrence.
Conclusion
In this largest series of SEDACs, most were discovered incidentally, stable over time, and located in the thoracic spine dorsal to the thecal sac. When symptomatic, back pain and radiculopathy were the most common presenting symptoms. Treatment with complete surgical excision may yield the best results for symptomatic lesions.
Phenolic Compounds in Two Size-controlling Apple Rootstocks1
Authors: Lockard R. G. , Schneider G. W. , Kemp T. R.
Published: July 2022

One-year-old Mailing (M) 26 and Mailing Merton (MM) 111 apple rootstocks (Malus sp) were planted in pots in a greenhouse in March and harvested monthly from May to October. Samples of the shoot tip, stem bark, and new and old roots were collected for PVP-bonded and simple phenol analyses. The PVP-bonded phenols were highest in the shoot tip and lowest in the old roots. There was no consistent relationship with rootstock or time of collection. Five phenols were found in the shoot tip, 8 in the bark, and 8 in the new roots, including protocatechuic, ferulic, and benzoic acids. Benzoic acid was found only in the new roots. Phloridzin composed more than 90% of all the simple phenols found and was higher in MM 111 than in M 26 rootstock. The other phenols were not consistently higher in either rootstock and had few trends with time of collection. No direct relationship was found between phenol levels and dwarfing characteristics.
Selection for Resistance in Phaseolus vulgaris L. to White Mold Disease Caused by Scierotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary
Authors: Dickson M. H. , Hunter J. E. , Boettger M. A. , Cigna J. A.
Published: July 2022

Three populations of beans were screened for resistance to white mold using a mycelium/juvenile stem inoculation (JSI) method on 3-week-old plants and an ascospore/blossom test on plants in bloom was used to test resistance of survivors of the JSI test. There were few survivors in the JSI test: 0.8% in the 4-way cross of susceptible × susceptible, 2% in the intermediate × intermediate crosses and 3.8% in 10 P. coccineus lines with intermediate resistance. JSI tests of the progeny produced more survivors, 17% from the first 2 populations. There was good agreement between the JSI test on juvenile plants and the ascospore/blossom tests on blossoming plants respectively. The JSI test appears to he an efficient method with which to identify individual plants with moderate resistance.
Evaluation of Injury to Expanded and Expanding Leaves of Peas Exposed to Sulfur Dioxide and Ozone1
Authors: Olszyk D. M. , Tibbitts T. W.
Published: July 2022

Necrosis, chlorophyll concentration, dry weight and surface area measurements were made to evaluate injury to leaves of Pisum sativum L. cv Alsweet (garden pea) grown under controlled environments and exposed to sulfur dioxide, ozone and combinations of sulfur dioxide plus ozone. Injury evaluations were made at low pollutant levels causing slight necrotic injury and high levels causing severe necrotic injury. At low levels, expanded leaves with a trace of necrotic injury had a 10% reduction in chlorophyll concentration but no reductions in dry weight or surface area, while expanding leaves, also with a trace of necrotic injury, had a reduction in chlorophyll concentration accompanied by reductions in dry weight and surface area. At high pollutant levels, expanded leaves with severe necrotic injury had a 70% reduction in chlorophyll concentration and significant reductions in dry weight and surface area, while expanding leaves had a smaller amount of necrotic injury and a smaller reduction in chlorophyll concentration, but reductions in dry weight and surface area similar to those in expanded leaves. Thus, the following measurements are proposed as reliable indicators of injury at pollutant concentrations just above the threshold for injury: chlorophyll concentration for expanded leaves and surface area for expanding leaves. Reliable indicators of injury at higher concentrations causing serious injury to leaves are: necrosis for expanded leaves and chlorophyll concentration, dry weight, and surface area for expanding leaves.
Relationship of Deep Supercooling and Dehydration Resistance to Freezing Injury in Dormant Stem Tissues of ‘Starkrimson Delicious’ Apple and ‘Siberian C’ Peach1
Authors: Quamme H. A. , Chen P. M. , Gusta L. V.
Published: July 2022

Low temperatures (LT) exotherms were found by differential thermal analysis (DTA) at −30°C in ‘Siberian C’ peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch) and −39° in ‘Starkrimson Delicious’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry of intact stems and isolated bark and wood revealed that the LT exotherm was produced by freezing of deep supercooled water which was detected in the wood but not the bark. Freezing processes of the wood and bark appeared to be independent. In both species, xylem injury occurred at the same temperature as the LT exotherm and was closely, if not causally related to freezing of the supercooled water. Bark injury also occurred at the same temperature as the LT exotherm and may have been caused by dehydration stress or freezing of a small amount of supercooled water which remained undetected by NMR spectrometry. The dehydration resistance of apple wood on desiccation at 70 to 90% relative humidity was greater than that of the peach wood which in turn was greater than that of the bark of both species. The dehydration resistance of apple and peach wood may involve both nonliving and living elements of the wood because pulverizing the tissue destroyed the effect, whereas heat killing only lowered it. Both supercooling and dehydration resistance may be related to microcapillary pore structure which restricts heterogeneous nucleation and sublimation of supercooled water from the ray parenchyma cells.
MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENGES OF MIGRANT DOMESTIC WORKERS IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE CASE OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Authors:   Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, BE1410 Brunei Darussalam, Ho Hannah Ming Yit
Published: July 2022

This paper offers insight into the mental health challenges encountered by migrant domestic workers (MDWs) during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brunei Darussalam. Data collected in one-to-one interviews evaluate their oral stories using various mental health linguistic codes. A preliminary study addresses initial signs of anxiety and other mental health issues that a segment of the migrant worker community has confronted due to employment conditions, structural restrictions, and a lack of access to mental health resources. A pilot study focuses on three narratives that pave the way for further studies into the causes, structures, and solutions around the lived experiences of crisis and control in a global pandemic.
Effects of High Temperatures on Emergence and Initial Growth of Range Plants1
Authors: Sosebee Ronald E. , Herbel Carlton H.
Published: July 2022

The daily soil temperatures used in this light chamber study were patterned after observations made under field conditions: 18 to 39C where the surface was sparsely shaded by brush, and 18 to 53C where the surface was left bare. The soil moisture was maintained at field capacity. Emergence of sacaton (Sporobolus wrightii Munro), vine mesquite (Panicum obtusum HBK.), bush muhly (Muhlenbergia porteri Scribn.), and fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.) was adversely affected by the high temperature regime. Survival of all 14 accessions except rhodesgrass (Chloris gayana Kunth), ‘Vaughn’ sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.), and black grama (B. eriopoda (Torr.) Torr.) was reduced by the high temperature regime.

At the close of the 21‐day trial most species had stopped growing or were growing very slowly under the high temperature regime. The shoot weights for the plants growing in the low temperature regime averaged nearly twice as much as those growing in the high temperature regime. There was no significant difference in root weight per seedling between temperature regimes. The root lengths of black grama, ‘Vaughn’ sideoats grama, tobosa (Hilaria mutica (Buckl.) Benth.), lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana Nees), and alkali sacaton (Sporobolus airoides (Torr.) Torr.) were not reduced significantly by the high temperature regime.

The high temperatures were detrimental, in one way or another, to all species even when moisture was adequate but black grama and sideoats grama performed satisfactorily.
A Nonselective Weedkiller as a Substitute for Tillage in Production of Aman Rice1
Authors: Mian Abdul Latif , Abdullah‐Al‐Mamun
Published: July 2022

Two local varieties of transplant aman rice, ‘Nigersail’ and ‘Latisail,’ were grown in three different cultural methods ‐ (a) normal, (b) plowless‐weedcut, and (c) plowless‐Gramoxone ‐ to study the efficiency of Gramoxone. a nonselective weedkiller, as a substitute for tillage operations and weed control in aman rice production. Results indicated that Gramoxone could destroy very efficiently the aboveground parts of all the species of weeds that grew in 'the experimental plots. But, it was not a complete substitute for tillage since it did not control subsequent weed growth which began approximately 2 weeks after treatment. Tillage had no appreciable effect, other than controlling weeds, upon the performance of transplant aman rice.
Cotton Yield and Quality Following Sublethal Applications of Simazine and Terbacil1
Authors: Smith Dudley T.
Published: July 2022

The feasibility of enhancing cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) growth or quality with an s‐triazine or substituted uracil compound was investigated. Repeated foliar application of 2‐chloro‐4,6‐bis(ethylamino)‐s‐triazine (simazine) at 0.06 to 0.48 kg/ha or soil incorporation of 0.22 to 0.90 kg/ha of simazine did not increase protein or oil production in seed of cotton when compared to untreated controls. Application of simazine had no effect on total yield or quality of lint. Terbacil (3‐terf‐butyl‐5‐chloro‐6‐methyluracil) was highly phytotoxic when applied foliarly to cotton at 0.006 kg/ha.
A Mowing Device for the Maintenance of Greenhouse Turf Cultures1
Authors: Duff D. Thomas , McKiel Charles G.
Published: July 2022

The mowing device described is of simple design and can be built readily in an Agric. Exp. Stn. farm shop. It is versatile in use and is capable of providing the mowing management required for quality greenhouse grown turf cultures. Hand clipping of turf cultured in wooden flats, in small plastic flats and in pots can be vastly reduced, freeing labor for more productive tasks.
Use of Chlorophyll Meter Sufficiency Indices for Nitrogen Management of Irrigated Rice in Asia
Authors: Hussain F. , Bronson K.F. , Yadvinder Singh , Singh Bijay , Peng S.
Published: July 2022

Low N fertilizer recovery efficiency (RE) remains a problem in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in Asia. The chlorophyll meter has been shown to identify when rice is in need of a N top‐dressing, that if applied would result in greater agronomic efficiency (AE) of N fertilizer than commonly practiced, pre‐set timing schemes. Critical chlorophyll meter readings have been used to match N top‐dressing with plant demand for the cultivar IR72, but fixed critical readings may not apply to multiple cultivars and locations. Our objective was to test the approach of using sufficiency indices, calculated from chlorophyll meter readings relative to well‐fertilized reference plots, with several rice cultivars in the Philippines and in India by comparing with local fixed N timing recommendations. Chlorophyll meter readings were significantly affected by N management practice, cultivar, and time of application at both locations. Similar rice yields were produced with chlorophyll meter sufficiency indices compared with the fixed N timing treatment with 30 kg less N ha−1 in the wet season in all cultivars at both locations. Compared with fixed‐timing, 45 kg less N ha−1 was used with the chlorophyll meter in the Philippines dry season without a yield reduction in three of four cultivars. In conclusion, chlorophyll meter sufficiency indices identified when several rice cultivars at two locations needed a N top‐dressing, which resulted in greater AE of N fertilizer than local, pre‐set splits.
Yield Responses to Narrow Rows Depend on Increased Radiation Interception
Authors: Andrade Fernando H. , Calviño Pablo , Cirilo Alfredo , Barbieri Pablo
Published: July 2022

The response of grain yield to narrow rows can be analyzed in terms of the effect on the amount of radiation intercepted by the crops. The objective of this work was to study the effect of row spacing on grain yield and radiation interception (RI) during the critical period for grain set in three crop species. Ten experiments were conducted with maize (Zea mays L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), or soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] under irrigation or under dryland conditions without severe drought during flowering and grain filling. The treatments consisted of two row distances combined with other factors such as plant density, cultivar, defoliation, etc. Grain yield responses to decrease distance between rows were inversely proportional to RI achieved with the wide‐row control treatment during the critical period for grain number determination (r2 = 0.62, 0.54, and 0.86 for maize, soybean, and sunflower, respectively). Moreover, when row spacing was reduced, grain yield increases and RI increases during the critical periods for grain set were significantly and directly correlated in the three crop species (r2 = 0.71, 0.64, and 0.94 for maize, soybean, and sunflower, respectively). For the conditions of these experiments, grain yield increase in response to narrow rows was closely related to the improvement in light interception during the critical period for grain set.
Light Interception and Yield Potential of Short‐Season Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in the Midsouth
Authors: Edwards Jeffrey T. , Purcell Larry C. , Vories Earl D.
Published: July 2022

The midsouthern USA typically has a mid‐ to late‐summer drought that limits the productivity of nonirrigated maize (Zea mays L.) production. We hypothesized that by increasing seeded population and narrowing row spacing, short‐season maize hybrids in the Midsouth would have similar yield but require less irrigation compared with hybrids currently grown. Irrigated experiments were conducted at Fayetteville, AR, in 2001, 2002, and 2003 and at Keiser, AR, in 2002 and 2003. Factors evaluated included maize maturity (75‐ to 110‐d maize hybrids) and maize seeded population (5 to 20 seed m−2) sown in 50‐cm rows. Between emergence and black layer, short‐season maize hybrids required 30 to 50% less irrigation than did their full‐season counterparts. Yield of short‐season maize at high plant populations (≈19 plants m−2) was equal to that of full‐season hybrids, which reached maximum yield at lower plant populations (≈8 plants m−2). Maize biomass at maturity had a linear relationship with cumulative intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (CIPAR) from emergence to maturity, but maize yield had an asymptotic relationship with CIPAR with little increase in yield for CIPAR above 555 MJ m−2. This research indicates that increasing plant population for short‐season maize hybrids increased CIPAR, which compensated for a short growing season to achieve similar potential yield to full‐season hybrids in the Midsouth with substantially less irrigation.
Allelopathic Potential of Bermudagrass and Johnsongrass and Their Interference with Cotton and Corn
Authors: Vasilakoglou Ioannis , Dhima Kico , Eleftherohorinos Ilias
Published: July 2022

Field experiments were conducted in northern Greece during the 2002 and 2003 growing seasons to study interference between bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers] or johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers] and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) or corn (Zea mays L.). Moreover, bioassay studies were also conducted to assess allelopathic potential of these two weeds on cotton and corn as well as on barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus‐galli (L.) P. Beauv.] and bristly foxtail [Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.]. The bioassay experiments showed that cotton, barnyardgrass, and bristly foxtail germination, total fresh weight, and root length were inhibited by bermudagrass or johnsongrass extracts more than those of corn. In addition, johnsongrass extracts caused greater germination, fresh weight, and root length inhibition than bermudagrass extracts. In the field, growth and yield of cotton were reduced due to bermudagrass (200 and 400 stems m−2 from planted rhizomes) or johnsongrass (100 and 200 stems m−2 from planted rhizomes) season‐long interference 50 and 74% or 64 and 86%, respectively, averaged over the two weed densities. The corresponding corn losses were 46 and 30% or 62 and 41%, respectively. Both stem number and fresh weight of bermudagrass or johnsongrass increased with increasing interference duration, and they were greater where both weeds were grown with cotton than with corn. These results suggest that there is growth inhibition of both crops due to potential allelopathic substances released from the two perennial weeds, but cotton growth was inhibited more than corn. Furthermore, cotton and corn yield were reduced more by the johnsongrass interference compared with that caused by bermudagrass.
Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions toward Self-Assessments
Authors: Shagitha Karina , Hadiyanto Anita Kurniawati
Published: July 2022

In the current education context that encourages students to be independent learners, self-assessments have gained more attention as one of the effective ways to support self-learning. However, teachers in Indonesia seem hesitant to use self-assessments because they assume that students cannot understand and perform self-assessments. Therefore, the research is aimed to know about undergraduate students' perceptions toward self-assessments, which can result in knowing students' comprehension of self-assessments. The research was conducted at an English Language Education Program (ELEP) from one of the private universities in Central Java, which involved 42 students from the 2018 academic year who had passed Teaching Skills Courses (Teaching English for Young Learners, Teaching English for Adult Learners, and Teaching English for Specific Purposes). A questionnaire consisting of close-ended and open-ended questions was used to collect the data, and the data were analyzed using statistical analysis and content analysis methods. From the results, it was found that the participants reacted positively toward self-assessments. The participants felt content and helped when doing self-assessments, and they also knew the benefits and the importance of it. Furthermore, it was found that they were able to carry out self-assessments appropriately and showed their preference for self-assessments, such as comparing with criteria or making reflections. Therefore, it can be concluded that the teachers' previous assumptions can be considered inaccurate. The study is hoped to help teachers consider implementing self-assessments more in their courses and help them design suitable self-assessments.
Local Wisdom in Designing ESP for Community-Based Tourism Practitioners: A Study of Needs Analysis
Authors: Kurniawati Lemmuela Alvita , Malasari Susanti
Published: July 2022

The present study aimed to investigate the target needs as well as learning needs of the English for Specific Purposes (henceforth, ESP) training for community-based tourism (henceforth, CBT) practitioners in Meat village, North Sumatera and to investigate the integration of local wisdom in the design of the ESP training for CBT practitioners in Meat village, North Sumatera. Conducted by using mixed methods, this study was carried out involving six CBT practitioners in Meat village. A questionnaire and a focus group discussion were used to gather the data. The data were analyzed descriptively to provide a complete understanding of the research objectives. The findings of the study revealed that the target needs consisted of the participants’ necessities in the ESP training, the participants’ lacks, and the participants’ wants towards the ESP training. In addition to this, learning needs comprised of the content materials, teaching and learning activities, medium of instruction, and time preference of the ESP training. The findings also revealed that local wisdom integrated in the design of the ESP training motivated the participants in learning and was considered providing authentic as well as meaningful learning experiences. The findings of this study provided an implication for ESP material developers and a contribution to studies of ESP for CBT in Indonesian context.
LYMPHOMATOUS TURN DURING GOUGEROT SJOGREN SYNDROME MIMICKING BREAST CANCER: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Gynecology Department C, IBN ROCHD University Hospital Center, Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Assal A. , Elabassi I. ,   Gynecology Department C, IBN ROCHD University Hospital Center, Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Bouslikhane M. ,   Gynecology Department C, IBN ROCHD University Hospital Center, Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Boufettal H. ,   Gynecology Department C, IBN ROCHD University Hospital Center, Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Mahdaoui S. ,   Gynecology Department C, IBN ROCHD University Hospital Center, Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Samouh N. ,   Gynecology Department C, IBN ROCHD University Hospital Center, Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Published: July 2022

Gougerot sjogren syndrome is a mild, slowly progressive autoimmune disease associated with low morbidity and mortality, characterized primarily by organ-specific autoimmune manifestations and systemic manifestations. Indeed, these complications, feared during the evolution, have been known and reported for many years. This risk of non-hodgkin lymphoma is, moreover, notably greater during primary Gougerot sjogren syndrome than during any other autoimmune pathology. The most commonly affected tissue is the exocrine salivary glands, but other tissues may be involved: stomach, nasopharynx, skin, liver, kidney, lung, breast. In both models, primary SjÃ¶grens syndrome non-Hodgkins lymphoma or chronic viral hepatitis infection, autoreactive B lymphocytes with rheumatoid factor activity continuously stimulated by the autoimmune process are particularly exposed to clonal transformation by a second oncogenic event.
Susceptibilidade antimicrobiana das infecções do trato urinário em mulheres assistidas na Atenção Básica de Caruaru/PE, Brasil
Authors: Silva Wesley Tavares da , Ferreira Júnior Djair de Lima
Published: July 2022

O estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana dos isolados de mulheres assistidas nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de Caruaru, Pernambuco. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal e abordagem quantitativa. Foram analisados os resultados dos testes de urocultura com antibiograma realizados em mulheres dos 18 aos 35 anos, entre os meses de janeiro e dezembro de 2019. Os dados foram coletados na plataforma Pulse Saúde, interfaceado com o laboratório municipal. Foram realizadas 295 uroculturas em usuárias atendidas nas UBSs Salgado I e II e São João da Escócia II, tendo um montante de 51 uroculturas positivas. Dos isolados, 92,16% corresponderam a bacilos gram-negativos entéricos, enquanto 7,84% corresponderam a cocos gram-positivos. Uma boa sensibilidade à nitrofurantoína foi visualizada entre os microrganismos gram-negativos e gram-positivos. Antimicrobianos, como ciprofloxacina e amoxicilina/ácido clavulânico, mostraram-se efetivos na maioria dos agentes infecciosos do trato urinário. O conhecimento da prevalência e frequência dos agentes infecciosos propiciam a otimização do tratamento, reduzindo, assim, o aparecimento de novas resistências bacterianas. Para isso, é necessário que sejam realizados periodicamente estudos epidemiológicos, pois os dados sobre o desenvolvimento de resistência a antibióticos variamde tempo e região.
Análise comparativa do perfil do fisioterapeuta, como parte integrante da equipe de saúde nos núcleos ampliados de saúde da família e atenção básica
Authors: Pereira da Cruz Angélica , Eduardo Guedes de Brito Geraldo , César Guimarães Freire Júlio , Karine Bravin Pâmela , Lanziotti Azevedo da Silva Silvia , Pires Batiston Adriane
Published: July 2022

Identificar o perfil de fisioterapeutas e de seu trabalho e compará-los aos outros profissionais do Nasf-AB de duas capitais do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado entre janeiro e março de 2020 em João Pessoa/PB e Campo Grande/MS, com 182 trabalhadores do Nasf-AB. Utilizou-se um instrumento estruturado, com questões que caracterizavam os participantes eseu processo de trabalho. A comparação entre “fisioterapeutas” e “demais profissionais” foi realizada por meio do teste do qui-quadrado (12 variáveis nominais) e do teste de Mann-Whitney (8 variáveis quantitativas). A maioria dos fisioterapeutas eram mulheres, com idades entre 55-45 anos, há 3 anos no Nasf-AB, vinculados à equipe há mais de 18 meses, desejava trabalhar no Nasf-AB, formados há mais de cinco anos, satisfeitos com seu trabalho e de equipe e com o quanto suas práticas são centradas nas necessidades dos usuários e insatisfeitos com a infraestrutura para atuarem. Dedicavam 50% ou mais de sua carga horária semanal aos atendimentos individuais, entre 10% e 40% aos coletivos, de 20% a 50% com outros profissionais do Nasf-AB e de 10% a 40% com a ESF. O pouco investimento em especializações em APS diferenciou os fisioterapeutas dos demais profissionais (p=0,049). Os fisioterapeutas realizaram mais especializações em áreas não associadas à APS, no entanto as demais características de perfil e de processode trabalho não os diferenciaram. A utilização de variáveis quantitativas, como os percentuais de tempo semanal dedicados aos atendimentos individuais, coletivos e com atividades com outros profissionais ampliaram a compreensão do trabalho do Nasf-AB.
Percepção da comunidade acadêmica da área de saúde sobre a interprofissionalidade
Authors: Borges Martins de Freitas Bruna Hinnah , Mizoguchi Marcus Vinícius , Cândida Ferreira Ana Julia , Paganini Lourencini Amanda , Marques Rodrigues Marcos Douglas , Santos e Silva Milena
Published: July 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a percepção da comunidade acadêmica da área de saúde sobre a interprofissionalidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória-descritiva de natureza qualitativa realizada com a comunidade acadêmica dos cursos da saúde de uma universidade pública de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Foram realizadas 24 entrevistas remotas com estudantes, coordenadores e docentes dos cursos. O material empírico resultante das entrevistas foi submetido à técnica de análise de conteúdo preconizada por Bardin.9 A partir da análise das entrevistas foi possível identificar três categorias com descrição sobre comoa comunidade acadêmica está compreendendo a interprofissionalidade em saúde, bem como percebendo suas potencialidades e entrevendo os desafios a serem superados. Consideramos que a comunidade acadêmica investigada apresenta boa compreensão sobre os conceitos e pressupostos da educação e colaboração interprofissional em saúde e que, levando em conta suas potencialidades,anseiam por sua incorporação na universidade e nos serviços de saúde a fim de fomentar um cuidado de saúde mais ampliado e qualificado.
Depravity and lewd acts under Article 156 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in the coordinates of legal certainty
Authors: Radutniy Oleksandr Eduardovych
Published: July 2022

The article contains critical remarks on the wording of Article 156 ("Depravity of minors") of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, reveals its inconsistency with the provisions of the Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Violence of 25.10.2007, as well as lack of legislation the content and scope of the concepts of "depravity" (Article 156 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) and "lewd acts" (Articles 181, 156, 302 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), which in accordance with the principle of legal certainty is a violation of Article 8 of the Constitution of Ukraine. The thesis about the inadmissibility of sending the blanket norm of criminal legislation (Articles 181, 156, 302 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) to unspecified norms of morality, which, in turn, is historically variable and differs depending on religion, political or corporate preferences, views of minorities or people of different races, nationalities and genders, etc. A new version of Article 156 ("Depravity of a person under the age of sixteen") of the Criminal Code of Ukraine has been proposed.
Forfeiture of property as a type of punishment
Authors: Tiutiuhin Volodymyr Illich
Published: July 2022

The author analyzes the concept, essence and types of confiscation of property, the ground, procedure and features of application of this additional type of punishment, and identifies the features that distinguish forfeiture from special confiscation.
SOCIOCULTURAL DIMENSION OF INFODEMIC UNDER CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL INSTABILITY
Authors: Kalinovsky Yuriy , Zhdanenko Svitlana
Published: July 2022

The socio-cultural essence of infodemic, as a factor of social instability in the global processes of our time, has been determined. It has been proved that the spread of mass culture and mass consciousness served as the basis for the emergence of infodemic. The influence of stereotypes of public consciousness on the process of spreading misinformation has been revealed. It has been substantiated that infodemic can be an integral part of information and hybrid wars. Negative consequences of public life informatization and computerization, in the context of the critical thinking development, the emergence of "clip consciousness" and gadget addiction have been analysed.