bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring factors associated with bleeding events after open heart surgery in patients on dialysis − effects of the presence or absence of warfarin therapy
Authors: Suzuki Masanori , Hasegawa Yuki , Tanabe Hiroaki , Koinuma Masayoshi , Funakoshi Ryohkan
Published: July 2024

Background

Perioperative management of patients on dialysis is critical for controlling bleeding and thrombotic risk, in addition to infection control. Postoperative anticoagulation is often difficult to control, and different institutions have different policies. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate factors associated with postoperative bleeding events and whether warfarin (WF) therapy affects the incidence of postoperative bleeding events, total mortality, and stroke.

Methods

Patients who were admitted to the cardiovascular surgery department and underwent valve replacement or plasty were included, and those who underwent mechanical valve introduction were excluded. Thirty-nine patients were included in the study. The primary endpoint was to identify factors associated with the composite endpoint of postoperative bleeding events, and the secondary endpoint was to determine the effect size of WF therapy on postoperative bleeding events, all-cause mortality, and stroke and the strength of association between the crossed endpoints. The strength of the association between the crossed items was examined.

Results

Low body weight (p = 0.038) was identified as a factor associated with the primary endpoint of postoperative bleeding events. The secondary endpoint of whether or not patients received WF therapy was largely unrelated to bleeding events, all-cause mortality, and postoperative stroke up to 90 days after surgery.

Conclusions

Preliminary studies suggest that low body weight is a risk factor for postoperative bleeding events in patients on dialysis, although further exploration of other factors will be necessary with the accumulation of similar cases.
Thiamylal serum concentration for refractory convulsive status epilepticus while associated decreased concentrations of concomitant antiepileptics: a case report
Authors: Oda Kazutaka , Katanoda Tomomi , Arakaki Hitomi , Katsume Taiki , Matsuyama Kaho , Jono Hirofumi , Saito Hideyuki
Published: July 2024

Background

Treating refractory status epilepticus (RSE) remains a challenge. Thiamylal can be used as a second- or third-line treatment; however, its potential to induce cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity may reduce the concentration of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) administered prior to thiamylal. This report details a case of RSE patient treated with thiamylal, with monitored concentrations of thiamylal and other AEDs.

Case presentation

A 72-year-old healthy man developed RSE. Despite the administration of various AEDs, his seizures were not resolved. Thiamylal was then administered at an initial bolus dose of 2.1 mg/kg, followed by a continuous infusion of 4.2–5.2 mg/kg/h. The initial thiamylal concentration was observed at 7.8 μg/mL, increasing to 35.2 μg/mL before decreasing after dose reduction and cessation. Concurrently, the concentration of concomitant carbamazepine decreased from 5.59 μg/mL to 2.1 μg/mL and recovered as thiamylal concentration decreased. Lesser impacts were noted for other AEDs.

Conclusions

This case report underscored the efficacy of thiamylal in treating RSE. However, it also highlighted the need for clinicians to closely monitor the concentrations of concurrent AEDs, especially carbamazepine, during thiamylal therapy.
Resilience and quality of life in patients who underwent mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19, one year after discharge: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rodriguez Lima David Rene , Rubio Ramos Cristhian , Diaz Quiroz Mateo Andrés , Rodríguez Aparicio Edith Elianna , Gómez Cortes Leonardo Andrés , Otálora González Laura , Hernández-Herrera Gilma , Pinzón Rondón Ángela María , Ruiz Sternberg Ángela María
Published: July 2024

Background

Patients with COVID-19 often experience severe long-term sequelae. This study aimed to assess resilience and Quality of Life (QoL) of patients who underwent mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19, one year after discharge.

Methods

This cross-sectional study enrolled patients who received mechanical ventilation for severe COVID-19 and were assessed one-year post-discharge. Participants completed a structured questionnaire via telephone comprising the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale (PCFS). To establish the association between QoL and resilience, Spearman correlations were calculated between the PCFS and the CD-RISC. Linear regression models were adjusted to evaluate which factors were associated with QoL, with the total score of PCFS as the dependent variable.

Results

A total of 225 patients were included in the analysis. The CD-RISC had a median score of 83 (IQR 74–91). The PCFS results showed that 61.3% (n = 138) of the patients were able to resume their daily activities without limitations. Among them, 37.3% (n = 84) were classified as Grade 0 and 24% (n = 54) as Grade 1. Mild and moderate functional limitations were found in 33.7% of the patients, with 24.8% (n = 56) classified as Grade 2 and 8.8% (n = 20) as Grade 3. Severe functional limitations (Grade 4) were observed in 4.8% (n = 11) of the patients. High CD-RISC scores were associated with lower levels of PCFS score (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

In this cohort of critically ill patients who underwent mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19, 38% of patients experienced a significant decline in their QoL one year after hospital discharge. Finally, a high level of resilience was strongly associated with better QoL one year after discharge.
The association between malnutrition risk and revised Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-r) scores in an adult outpatient oncology population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: McLay Katherine , Stonewall Nicole , Forbes Laura , Peters Christine
Published: July 2024

Background

Cancer-associated malnutrition is associated with worse symptom severity, functional status, quality of life, and overall survival. Malnutrition in cancer patients is often under-recognized and undertreated, emphasizing the need for standardized pathways for nutritional management in this population. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate the relationship between malnutrition risk and self-reported symptom severity scores in an adult oncology outpatient population and (2) to identify whether a secondary screening tool for malnutrition risk (abPG-SGA) should be recommended for patients with a specific ESAS-r cut-off score or group of ESAS-r cut-off scores.

Methods

A single-institution retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Malnutrition risk was measured using the Abridged Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (abPG-SGA). Cancer symptom severity was measured using the Revised Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-r). In accordance with standard institutional practice, patients completed both tools at first consult at the cancer centre. Adult patients who completed the ESAS-r and abPG-SGA on the same day between February 2017 and January 2020 were included. Spearman’s correlation, Mann Whitney U tests, receiver operating characteristic curves, and binary logistic regression models were used for statistical analyses.

Results

2071 oncology outpatients met inclusion criteria (mean age 65.7), of which 33.6% were identified to be at risk for malnutrition. For all ESAS-r parameters (pain, tiredness, drowsiness, nausea, lack of appetite, shortness of breath, depression, anxiety, and wellbeing), patients at risk for malnutrition had significantly higher scores (P < 0.001). All ESAS-r parameters were positively correlated with abPG-SGA score (P < 0.01). The ESAS-r parameters that best predicted malnutrition risk status were total ESAS-r score, lack of appetite, tiredness, and wellbeing (area under the curve = 0.824, 0.812, 0.764, 0.761 respectively). Lack of appetite score ≥ 1 demonstrated a sensitivity of 77.4% and specificity of 77.0%. Combining lack of appetite score ≥ 1 with total ESAS score > 14 yielded a sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity of 62.8%.

Conclusion

Malnutrition risk as measured by the abPG-SGA and symptom severity scores as measured by the ESAS-r are positively and significantly correlated. Given the widespread use of the ESAS-r in cancer care, utilizing specific ESAS-r cut-offs to trigger malnutrition screening could be a viable way to identify cancer patients at risk for malnutrition.
BART, the new robotic assistant: big data, artificial intelligence, robotics, and telemedicine integration for an ICU 4.0
Authors: Bocci Maria Grazia , Barbaro Raffaella , Bellini Valentina , Napoli Christian , Darhour Luigino Jalale , Bignami Elena
Published: July 2024

We are in the era of Health 4.0 when novel technologies are providing tools capable of improving the quality and safety of the services provided. Our project involves the integration of different technologies (AI, big data, robotics, and telemedicine) to create a unique system for patients admitted to intensive care units suffering from infectious diseases capable of both increasing the personalization of care and ensuring a safer environment for caregivers.
Neutralizing Antibody Sample Testing and Report Harmonization
Authors: Jani Darshana , Gunsior Michele , Marsden Robin , Cowan Kyra J. , Irvin Susan C. , Hay Laura Schild , Ward Bethany , Armstrong Luke , Azadeh Mitra , Cao Liching , Carmean Rebecca , DelCarpini Jason , Dholakiya Sanjay L. , Hays Amanda , Hosback Sarah , Hu Zheng , Kulagina Nadia , Kumar Seema , Lai Ching Ha , Lichtfuss Marit , Liu Hsing-Yin , Liu Susana , Mozaffari Reza , Pan Luying , Pennucci Jason , Poupart Marie-Eve , Saini Gurleen , Snoeck Veerle , Storey Kristine , Turner Amy , Vainshtein Inna , Verthelyi Daniela , Wala Iwona , Yang Lili , Yang Lin
Published: July 2024

Immunogenicity testing and characterization is an important part of understanding the immune response to administration of a protein therapeutic. Neutralizing antibody (NAb) assays are used to characterize a positive anti-drug antibody (ADA) response. Harmonization of reporting of NAb assay performance and results enables efficient communication and expedient review by industry and health authorities. Herein, a cross-industry group of NAb assay experts have harmonized NAb assay reporting recommendations and provided a bioanalytical report (BAR) submission editable template developed to facilitate agency filings. This document addresses key bioanalytical reporting gaps and provides a report structure for documenting clinical NAb assay performance and results. This publication focuses on the content and presentation of the NAb sample analysis report including essential elements such as the method, critical reagents and equipment, data analysis, study samples, and results. The interpretation of immunogenicity data, including the evaluation of the impact of NAb on safety, exposure, and efficacy, is out of scope of this publication.

Graphical Abstract
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Large-for-Gestational-Age Infants in Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kang Mei , Zhu Chengguang , Lai Mengyu , Weng Jianrong , Zhuang Yan , He Huichen , Qiu Yan , Wu Yixia , Qi Zhangxuan , Zhang Weixia , Xu Xianming , Zhu Yanhong , Wang Yufan , Yang Xiaokang
Published: July 2024

Context

Large-for-gestational-age (LGA), one of the most common complications of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), has become a global concern. The predictive performance of common continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics for LGA is limited.

Objective

We aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-based model to determine the probability of women with GDM giving birth to LGA infants during pregnancy using CGM measurements together with demographic data and metabolic indicators.

Methods

A total of 371 women with GDM from a prospective cohort at a university hospital were included. CGM was performed during 20 to 34 gestational weeks, and glycemic fluctuations were evaluated and visualized in women with GDM who gave birth to LGA and non-LGA infants. A convolutional neural network (CNN)-based fusion model was developed to predict LGA. Comparisons among the novel fusion model and 3 conventional models were made using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCROC) and accuracy.

Results

Overall, 76 (20.5%) out of 371 GDM women developed LGA neonates. The visualized 24-hour glucose profiles differed at midmorning. This difference was consistent among subgroups categorized by pregestational body mass index, therapeutic protocol, and CGM administration period. The AI-based fusion prediction model using 24-hour CGM data and 15 clinical variables for LGA prediction (AUCROC 0.852; 95% CI, 0.680-0.966; accuracy 84.4%) showed superior discriminative power compared with the 3 classic models.

Conclusion

We demonstrated better performance in predicting LGA infants among women with GDM using the AI-based fusion model. The characteristics of the CGM profiles allowed us to determine the appropriate window for intervention.
Breast Cancer Is Increased in Women With Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Allen-Brady Kristina , Moore Barry , Verrilli Lauren E , Alvord Margaret A , Kern Marina , Camp Nicola , Kelley Kristen , Letourneau Joseph , Cannon-Albright Lisa , Yandell Mark , Johnstone Erica B , Welt Corrine K
Published: July 2024

Context

DNA damage/repair gene variants are associated with both primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and cancer risk.

Objective

We hypothesized that a subset of women with POI and family members would have increased risk for cancer.

Design

Case-control population-based study using records from 1995 to 2022.

Setting

Two major Utah academic health care systems serving 85% of the state.

Subjects

Women with POI (n = 613) were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes and reviewed for accuracy. Relatives were linked using the Utah Population Database.

Intervention

Cancer diagnoses were identified using the Utah Cancer Registry.

Main Outcome Measures

The relative risk of cancer in women with POI and relatives was estimated by comparison to population rates. Whole genome sequencing was performed on a subset of women.

Results

Breast cancer was increased in women with POI (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.30-3.47; P = .0023) and there was a nominally significant increase in ovarian cancer. Probands with POI were 36.5 ± 4.3 years and 59.5 ± 12.7 years when diagnosed with POI and cancer, respectively. Causal and candidate gene variants for cancer and POI were identified. Among second-degree relatives of these women, there was an increased risk of breast (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.08-1.52; P = .0078) and colon cancer (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.14-1.94; P = .0036). Prostate cancer was increased in first- (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.18-2.23; P = .0026), second- (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.32-1.79; P < .001), and third-degree relatives (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.20-1.48; P < .001).

Conclusion

Data suggest common genetic risk for POI and reproductive cancers. Tools are needed to predict cancer risk in women with POI and potentially to counsel about risks of hormone replacement therapy.
Utility of Salivary Cortisol and Cortisone in the Diagnostics of Adrenal Insufficiency
Authors: Kvam Hellan Kåre , Lyngstad Martin , Methlie Paal , Løvås Kristian , Husebye Eystein Sverre , Ueland Grethe Åstrøm
Published: July 2024

Background

Salivary cortisol (sa-cortisol) and salivary cortisone correlate well with serum cortisol (s-cortisol) but validated reference ranges for healthy individuals are lacking.

Objective

To establish cutoff levels for sa-cortisol and cortisone following cosyntropin testing and assess their diagnostic utility in adrenal insufficiency (AI).

Methods

Steroids in saliva were assayed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry before and after administration of a 250-µg cosyntropin test in 128 healthy subjects (16 on oral estrogens) and 59 patients with suspected AI, of whom 26 were diagnosed with AI with conventional serum cortisol criteria. The cutoff level for AI was defined as the 2.5th percentile in healthy subjects not receiving estrogens. Performance was evaluated by calculating diagnostic accuracy and analyzing receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

The sa-cortisol cutoff 60 minutes after cosyntropin stimulation was 12.6 nmol/L (accuracy 89%, sensitivity 85%, and specificity 90%). Salivary cortisone and the sum of sa-cortisol and cortisone exhibited poorer diagnostic performance than sa-cortisol. The correlation between sa-cortisol and s-cortisol was best described by a model incorporating 2 regression lines (R2 = 0.80). Segmented regression analysis identified a breakpoint at sa-cortisol 9.7 nmol/L and s-cortisol 482 nmol/L, likely corresponding to saturation of cortisol binding globulin. Healthy subjects on oral estrogens demonstrated a linear agreement between s- and sa-cortisol through all measurements. Seventeen healthy subjects repeated the test, with similar outcomes, but reproducibility in terms of intraclass coefficient and correlation was poor.

Conclusion

Sa-cortisol in cosyntropin-test has high diagnostic accuracy in detecting adrenal insufficiency and is particularly useful in women on oral estrogens. An sa-cortisol ≥ 12.6 nmol/L assayed with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry 60 minutes after 250 µg cosyntropin is normal.
Visual field changes in patients receiving antitubercular therapy: A prospective cross-sectional study from South India
Authors: Pagadala Tejaswi , Kamath Gurudutt , Mendonca Teena Mariet , Rodrigues Gladys , Kamath Ajay
Published: July 2024

Objective Tuberculosis is a global health challenge with one-third of the world’s population infected by it. Although ocular side effects of Anti-tubercular drugs are well known, the patients generally report late in the course which can result in irreversible vision loss. The purpose of this study was to study the visual field changes during the time course of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT). Methods A total of 48 patients were studied in this prospective type of study. All patients newly diagnosed with TB and started on treatment were included in the study. Baseline examination which included visual acuity, color vision, anterior segment, IOP, Amsler grid, fundus, and visual field test were performed before starting ATT and at 6-month follow-up. Results The mean age of the study population was 35.90 ± 10.2 years. 35 (72.9%) were males and 13 (27.1%) females. 32(66.6%) had pulmonary TB and the rest 16 (33.3%) had extrapulmonary TB. MDR TB was diagnosed in 27 (56.3%) of the patients with the rest 21 (43.8%) being drug sensitive. The baseline examination was normal in all 48 patients. 3(6.3%) out of 45 patients presented with visual complaints after the treatment initiation. Altogether 7 patients out of 48, had visual field defects at the 6-month follow-up. The incidence of visual field defects in our study was 14.6% with the value being significant (0.016). 8.3% had peripheral constriction of visual fields, 2.1% with Severe generalized depression of visual fields and 2.1% with central scotoma. Out of the 45 patients with no visual complaints at 6-month follow-up, 4 (8.33%) showed peripheral field constriction. Conclusion Visual field defects caused by ATT can precede clinical symptoms. Visual field evaluation can be an important tool for the early detection of optic neuropathy in patients receiving ATT in clinical settings where Visual evoked potential testing and RNFL-OCT are not available.
Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) science: Gas and dust in nearby galaxies
Authors: Liu Daizhong , Saintonge Amelie , Bot Caroline , Kemper Francisca , Lopez-Rodriguez Enrique , Smith Matthew , Stanke Thomas , Andreani Paola , Boselli Alessandro , Cicone Claudia , Davis Timothy A. , Hagedorn Bendix , Lasrado Akhil , Mao Ann , Viti Serena , Booth Mark , Klaassen Pamela , Mroczkowski Tony , Bigiel Frank , Chevance Melanie , Cordiner Martin A. , Di Mascolo Luca , Johnstone Doug , Lee Minju , Maccarone Thomas , Thelen Alexander E. , van Kampen Eelco , Wedemeyer Sven
Published: July 2024

Understanding the physical processes that regulate star formation and galaxy evolution are major areas of activity in modern astrophysics. Nearby galaxies offer unique opportunities to inspect interstellar medium (ISM), star formation (SF), radiative, dynamic and magnetic ( B → ) physics in great detail from sub-galactic (kpc) scales to sub-cloud (sub-pc) scales, from quiescent galaxies to starbursts, and from field galaxies to overdensities. In this case study, we discuss the major breakthroughs in this area of research that will be enabled by the Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST), a proposed 50-m single-dish submillimeter telescope. The new discovery space of AtLAST comes from its exceptional sensitivity, in particular to extended low surface brightness emission, a very large 2° field of view, and correspondingly high mapping efficiency. This paper focuses on four themes which will particularly benefit from AtLAST: 1) the LMC and SMC, 2) extragalactic magnetic fields, 3) the physics and chemistry of the interstellar medium, and 4) star formation and galaxy evolution. With ~ 1000 − 2000 hour surveys each, AtLAST could deliver deep dust continuum maps of the entire LMC and SMC fields at parsec-scale resolution, high-resolution maps of the magnetic field structure, gas density, temperature and composition of the dense and diffuse ISM in ~ 100 nearby galaxies, as well as the first large-scale blind CO survey in the nearby Universe, delivering molecular gas masses for up to 106 galaxies (3 orders of magnitude more than current samples). Through such observing campaigns, AtLAST will have a profound impact on our understanding of the baryon cycle and star formation across a wide range of environments.
Nie oceniaj książki po okładce! Badania biometryczne obrazów wybranych okładek książkowych
Authors: Jarzyńska Katarzyna , Rokicka Renata
Published: July 2024

Artykuł jest poświęcony badaniom biometrycznym nietypowych typograficznie okładek książkowych. Przedstawiono w nim ujęcie definicyjne badań biometrycznych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem eyetrackingu i facetrackingu, a także zwrócono uwagę na przebieg procesu czytania. W dalszej części tekstu zaprezentowano wyniki badań biometrycznych skoncentrowanych wokół trzech nietypowych typograficznie okładek. Do pomiarów wykorzystano Eye Tracker Tobii Pro Fusion 250 Hz oraz oprogramowanie iMotions Biometric Research Platform 9. Celem badania było sprawdzenie uczuć i zachowań towarzyszących kontaktom z okładkami. Badaniu poddano grupę studentów. Wyznaczono przyciągające wzrok fragmenty dzięki zastosowaniu eyetrackingu, natomiast facetracking umożliwił określenie emocji towarzyszących odbiorowi okładek. Wyniki badań mogą być wykorzystane przez projektantów okładek książek i grafików do określania wpływu nietypowej typografii okładek przez potencjalnych czytelników.
Large Independent Sets in Recursive Markov Random Graphs
Authors: Gupte Akshay , Zhu Yiran
Published: July 2024

Computing the maximum size of an independent set in a graph is a famously hard combinatorial problem that has been well studied for various classes of graphs. When it comes to random graphs, the classic Erdős–Rényi–Gilbert random graph [Formula: see text] has been analyzed and shown to have the largest independent sets of size [Formula: see text] with high probability (w.h.p.) This classic model does not capture any dependency structure between edges that can appear in real-world networks. We define random graphs [Formula: see text] whose existence of edges is determined by a Markov process that is also governed by a decay parameter [Formula: see text]. We prove that w.h.p. [Formula: see text] has independent sets of size [Formula: see text] for arbitrary [Formula: see text]. This is derived using bounds on the terms of a harmonic series, a Turán bound on a stability number, and a concentration analysis for a certain sequence of dependent Bernoulli variables that may also be of independent interest. Because [Formula: see text] collapses to [Formula: see text] when there is no decay, it follows that having even the slightest bit of dependency (any [Formula: see text]) in the random graph construction leads to the presence of large independent sets, and thus, our random model has a phase transition at its boundary value of r = 1. This implies that there are large matchings in the line graph of [Formula: see text], which is a Markov random field. For the maximal independent set output by a greedy algorithm, we deduce that it has a performance ratio of at most [Formula: see text] w.h.p. when the lowest degree vertex is picked at each iteration and also show that, under any other permutation of vertices, the algorithm outputs a set of size [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and, hence, has a performance ratio of [Formula: see text].

Funding: The initial phase of this research was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant DMS-1913294].
Piperacillin-Tazobactam: an update for clinical use
Authors: R. Correa e Castro Costa Alice , Gomes Andréia Patrícia , V. Varejão Eduardo Vinícius , Brunes Romario , Tavares Walter , Santana Luiz Alberto , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Piperacillin-tazobactam, a broad-spectrum penicillin, is an important option in the treatment of infections, especially in critically ill patients who exhibit high rates of resistance to various antimicrobial agents. Understanding this medication and updates on its clinical use is of paramount significance to guide precise therapeutic choices aimed at the optimization of patient care. Objective: To describe the main pharmacological and therapeutic aspects of piperacillin-tazobactam, highlighting its clinical application and updates related to its use. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted in order to provide an update on the most relevant aspects related to piperacillin-tazobactam, including (1) a brief history; (2) chemical structure; (3) mechanism of action; (4) resistance mechanisms; (5) spectrum; (6) major clinical uses; and (7) adverse effects. Results: The safe use of piperacillin-tazobactam requires rapid testing for antimicrobial resistance patterns, thus discouraging its empirical use in cases of ESBL-producing microorganisms. In patients undergoing renal replacement therapy, antibiotic goals must be established promptly. For critically ill patients, monitoring pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic variability is essential. Conclusion: Piperacillin-tazobactam remains a vital drug in the management of critically ill patients, while requiring constant updates. In addition, further studies are required, especially concerning its continuous use and the selection of alternatives to carbapenem-resistant medications.
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as predictor of sarcoidosis activity: A case series
Authors: Carneiro Lopes Mariana , Ribeiro-Alves Marcelo , Porto Amadeu Thaís , Da Costa Claudia Henrique , Palermo Bruno Leonardo , Jauhar Cardoso Bessa Elizabeth , Rangel Antunes da Silva Bruno , Machado Neto Luiz , Rufino Rogério
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease that can present different clinical and radiological manifestations, while nospecific exams exist to monitor its activity and spontaneous or drug-induced remission. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the degree of consistency between patients’ symptoms and Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) results in patients with sarcoidosis. Methods: Patients with sarcoidosis underwent two PET/CT scans, which were performed at the nuclear medicine sector of the National Cancer Institute (INCA) at two different times during a four-year period, to assess disease activity. The SUVmax value was noted and its consistency with the clinical status of the disease was checked. The analysis was performed using the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax).  Results and Discussion: Twenty-seven patients were recruited, totaling 54 exams. The median SUVmax was 8.1 (range 3.5–16.1). Most examinations that showed hypermetabolism included both lung and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis sites in the same patient. The most affected sites with uptake by PET/CT were the lungs, followed by the intra-abdominal, pelvic, and peripheral lymph nodes. Other organs with glycolytic hypermetabolism included the spleen, subcutaneous tissue, bones, and heart. In 44% of the patients, the PET/CT scans and clinical status were not consistent. This result occurred mainly in: patients with cutaneous manifestations that exhibited no metabolic correspondence on PET/CT; patients with pulmonary fibrosis and dyspnea not attributable to disease activity; extrapulmonary sites such as the spleen, abdominal and peripheral lymph nodes, and bone without symptoms; and patients with pulmonary uptake on PET/CT despite being asymptomatic. Conclusions: The applicability of PET/CT should be discussed ineach case to ensure that the information will assist the patient’s diagnosis and management.
Validation of the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score as a predictor of 30-day mortality after hip surgery
Authors: B. Mathias Marcelo , De M. Rosa Isabela , Labronici Pedro José , S. Gameiro Vinicius , Branco de Sousa Eduardo , S. Pires e Albuquerque Rodrigo
Published: July 2024

Purpose: To assess whether the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS) can predict mortality in the first 30 days after hip surgery. Material and methods: Upon admission, 216 patients were assessed for age, sex, mobility status (bedridden, assisted or unassisted walking), living accommodations (residential or institutionalized), fracture type (intra- or extracapsular), comorbidities (cardiovascular, stroke, respiratory, renal, diabetes), malignant disease, and cognition (Mini-Mental Status Examination). We applied the NHFS, which evaluates seven factors, with scores that range from 0 to 10, as a predictor of 30-day mortality after hip surgery. Results: Survivor scores showed greater variability (CV=0.28) than those of non-survivors (CV=0.20). The receiver operating characteristic curve identified a score of 5.5 as the optimal cutoff point. At this point, the test’s sensitivity and specificity indicate the simultaneous maximum likelihood of 30-day survival or non-survival. Conclusion: The NHFS is a robust predictor of 30-day mortality after hip surgery and an updated equation has been validated for the patients in this sample, which increases its clinical credibility.
Presence of Agger Nasi cells and their relationship with frontal recess thickness: a retrospective study in a Brazilian population
Authors: I. Kussaba Isabela , V. Iwaki Fernanda , Silvestre Fernanda , L. Poluha Rodrigo , V. Iwaki Lilian Cristina , C da Silva Mariliani
Published: July 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to carry out an epidemiological survey of the presence of Agger Nasi (AN) cells, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, in a Brazilian population in the region of Maringá - Paraná. Materials and Methods: The tomographic analyzes verified the thickness of the frontal beak (FB), anteroposterior length of the frontal isthmus, anteroposterior length of the FR and side-to-side, anteroposterior and vertical (cranio-caudal) diameter of the AN cells. Statistical analyzes were performed using the statistical program Jamovi (V2.5.5.0). For correlation analysis between the variables, the Spearman test was used. The study indicates the presence of AN cells in 100% of the individuals analyzed, being present bilaterally. Results: There was no significant correlation between FB and the AN cell. Significant positive correlations were found relating Right Agger Nasi Cell (ANC-R) and Left Agger Nasi Cell (ANC-L) with Front Recess (FR) and Frontal Sinus (FS). Conclusion: Anatomical knowledge on the part of professionals is of fundamental importance for a surgery to access the FS in a precise and uncomplicated way.
o lugar dos bebês no confronto com o adultocentrismo: possibilidades a partir da cartografia e da filosofia da diferença
Authors: Vanin chaves Vanessa , Bertoncini vicenzi Vinicius
Published: July 2024

Este artigo constitui-se como um ensaio para pensar práticas pedagógicas com bebês a partir de uma filosofia da infância que não esteja moldada por discursos adultocêntricos. O debate em torno do enfrentamento do adultocentrismo tem historicamente se concentrado mais sobre as crianças do que sobre os bebês. O presente artigo busca lançar questões a respeito de se pensar os bebês não a partir da visibilidade dos seus rótulos, marcados por uma visão cronológica, mas a partir de uma concepção que permita perceber as suas ações e os seus desenvolvimentos desde a sua diferença imanente. Subdividido em seções que envolvem a perspectiva do devir-criança de Gilles Deleuze e a concepção de cartografia de Gabriela Tebet, também nos permite imaginar outros cenários para a infância e uma possibilidade de perceber os bebês como protagonistas. Buscamos, assim, a compreensão de novas percepções com os bebês, buscando repensar a relação que travamos com eles. Pensar os bebês a partir de um discurso devir-criança é estudar as redes que constituem a infância a fim de compreender os movimentos entre os planos de imanência e de organização dos bebês. Não é estudar o indivíduo, assim como não é estudar nenhuma verdade objetiva dada a priori. Desse modo, o pesquisador processa os novos espaços e percorre caminhos em busca de conhecer quem são esses sujeitos que surgem como forma de ruptura. Propomos colocar em questão as ideias que envolvem a infância explorando os ideais pedagógicos modernos que a marcaram, na busca de vivenciar a infância e na compreensão de uma prática pedagógica com bebês capaz de ser um tempo de alegria e de intensidade da vida.
a escrita e a oralidade na escola como potência na formação humana: conversações entre kopenawa, sêneca e filosofia com crianças
Authors: Schuler Betina , Campesato Maria alice gouvêa
Published: July 2024

Este texto trata de uma experimentação na formação de professoras da educação infantil e dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RS), por meio de práticas de leitura, escrita e conversação, as quais se desdobram em experimentações com as crianças. Tal processo é pensado nas companhias de Sêneca (2018), com seu conceito de leitura e escrita, de Kopenawa (Kopenawa; Albert, 2015), a partir do conceito de palavra, e de Foucault (2004, 2011), considerando-se o conceito de subjetivação. Tal experimentação, que se deu no encontro entre a escrita e a oralidade, foi tomada para pensar nas contribuições para os estudos que compõem a filosofia com crianças. Nesse sentido, a leitura, a escrita e a contação de histórias teriam menos a ver com informações, e mais com o que estamos nos tornando, com a agilidade do nosso pensamento, com nossa sabedoria. Desse modo, conceitos da antiguidade greco-romana e das comunidades ameríndias brasileiras são tomados como ferramentas potentes para pensar a escola contemporânea como possibilidade, ainda, de formação humana. Para tanto, defende-se a conversação entre os vivos e os mortos via texto na escola, espaço público e coletivo, o que poderia ser tomado como uma perspectiva de subjetivação para um pensamento e uma vida mais afirmativos em tempos de tanta pobreza narrativa.
Empatia e Disposição de Adolescentes para o Envolvimento em Ações de Prevenção do Suicídio
Authors: Bezerra Viviane Alves dos Santos , Galvão Lilian Kelly de Sousa
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal investigar como a empatia influencia a disposição de adolescentes brasileiros para ajudar pessoas em risco de suicídio. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de natureza quantitativa, do qual participaram 135 adolescentes, do sexo feminino (71,1%) e do sexo masculino (28,9%), com idades variando de 14 a 19 anos (Midade = 17,24; DP = 1,44). Os participantes responderam à Suicide Helpfulness Scale, ao Interpersonal Reactivity Index e a um questionário sociodemográfico. Na análise de dados, empregou-se as análises de correlação e a Regressão Linear Múltipla. Os resultados dessas análises evidenciaram que houve associações positivas e significativas entre as dimensões da empatia e da disposição para ajudar pessoas em risco de suicídio. De forma específica, a consideração empática foi capaz de prever a disposição dos adolescentes para prestar assistência e conversar com pessoas em risco de suicídio, mas não a disposição para informar a terceiros. Os resultados deste estudo evidenciam que a empatia pode ser uma variável importante, mas não suficiente para engajar adolescentes em ações eficazes de prevenção do suicídio, enfatizando a necessidade de que outras variáveis sejam trabalhadas junto ao público adolescente para que este possa atuar como um vetor de prevenção.
Fatores associados aos motivos de escolha por restaurantes populares
Authors: Bento Isabel Cristina , Souza Hugo Marcos Alves Vilhena , Abreu Mery Natali Silva , Pereira Simone Cardoso Lisboa
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar aspectos socioeconômicos associados aos motivos pelos quais indivíduos frequentam Restaurantes Populares (RPs) Os participantes foram questionados, por meio de entrevista face a face, sobre os motivos que os levaram a realizar refeições nesses estabelecimentos. As respostas foram categorizadas em: preço, refeição saudável, localização, higiene/limpeza e bom atendimento. Ademais, levantou-se informações sobre sexo, faixa etária, ocupação, condição domiciliar de (in) segurança alimentar, escolaridade, classe socioeconômica e principais carências sociais. Foram entrevistados 1.649 frequentadores de RPs de uma metrópole brasileira pioneira na idealização e implementação dessa importante política de acesso de Segurança Alimentar (SA). Amaioria do sexo masculino (71%). O preço foi o motivo mais relatado (72,7%) para a realização das refeições nos RPs, sendo determinado pelo maior número de carências sociais (OR: 1,15; IC 95%: 1,05-1,25); pelo maior nível de escolaridade: ensino médio (OR: 1,41; IC 95%: 1,10-1,80) e superior (OR: 1,56; IC 95%: 1,12-2,18), em relação ao ensino fundamental; e pela condição de IAN (OR: 1,52; IC 95%: 1,15-2,02). O segundo motivo mais relatado foi a oferta de refeições saudáveis (40,4%), seguido pela localização (39,3%). O bom atendimento foi o motivo menos relatado (15,0%). Este estudo apurou que os motivos que influenciaram os indivíduos a frequentarem os RPs estão em sintonia com a proposta dessa relevante política pública: :ampliação da oferta de refeições saudáveis,  comercializadas a preços acessíveis em regiões de grande movimentação e fluxo de população de baixa renda.
Avaliação realizada por professores acerca do contexto universitário, do ensino e da aprendizagem na graduação em enfermagem
Authors: Rodrigues Rosa Maria , Reis Alessandra Crystian Engles dos , Machineski Gicelle Galvan , Barhart Jéssica Borges Lúcio , Tonini Nelsi Salete , Conterno Solange de Fátima Reis
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O trabalho docente é permeado por interações entre as dimensões humana, técnica, ética e política conformando o encontro entre alunos e professores num ambiente privilegiado que é o da sala de aula da educação superior em que se requerem condições estruturais, reflexões acerca dos encaminhamentos pedagógicos, os quais devem ser avaliados e acompanhados cotidianamente. Objetivo: avaliar as condições estruturais e o processo ensino-aprendizagem de um curso de graduação em enfermagem na perspectiva dos professores. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório, quantitativo e qualitativo com docentes de um curso de graduação em enfermagem nos anos de 2018 e 2019, que responderam a um questionário on-line. Os dados quantitativos foram sistematizados em números absolutos e percentuais e os qualitativos tratados pela análise de conteúdo. Resultados e discussão: Evidenciou-se que as condições estruturais (salas de aulas, laboratórios, biblioteca e recursos para o ensino) e campos de aulas práticas requerem melhorias; a gestão do processo ensino-aprendizagem está adequada; o planejamento docente foi potente ferramenta para o ensino; as metodologias e as estratégias de avaliação podem ser melhoradas, assim como a relação professor aluno e entre os professores. Considerações finais: Concluiu-se que os professores cumprem suas responsabilidades docentes, mas vivenciam dificuldades no contexto relacional com alunos e colegas, que pode ser resultado do processo de trabalho cuja estrutura requer melhorias; destaca-se a importância do planejamento para guiar o fazer docente e que avaliar o processo ensino-aprendizagem corrobora para a profissionalização deste trabalho.
Grupo de Orientação Familiar: Avaliação Processual do Programa por meio das Tarefas de Casa
Authors: Camelo Bruna de Lima , Silva Jenniffer Pires da , Quiterio Patricia Lorena
Published: July 2024

A técnica tarefa de casa é uma ferramenta considerada como um fator fundamental na prática de habilidades desenvolvidas na intervenção terapêutica. O presente estudo analisa o uso da técnica de avaliação processual – tarefa de casa –, oriunda da Terapia Cognitivo Comportamental, como fator de apoio para mudanças e/ou para o desenvolvimento de práticas parentais adequadas e habilidades sociais educativas parentais. A estratégia foi utilizada no Grupo de Orientação Familiar desenvolvido em um Serviço de Psicologia Aplicada de uma universidade pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O grupo foi composto por 07 familiares (com idades entre 20 e 47 anos), contando com quinze (15) encontros, cada um com um tema específico. Os instrumentos utilizados para a avaliação processual do programa foram: (a) Breve roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, (b) Tarefas de casa, (c) Protocolo de Avaliação do Processo e (d) Supervisão de estágio. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados encontrados revelaram que as tarefas de casa são ferramentas positivas no desenvolvimento e no aprimoramento de práticas parentais e de habilidades sociais educativas parentais dos participantes. Concluiu-se que o uso da estratégia tarefa de casa contribuiu para proporcionar a prática das habilidades parentais abordadas durante o programa.
Elaboração e validação de curso sobre estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem em cenário de prática em atenção primária à saúde.
Authors: Pereira Schirley Cristina Almeida , Silva Reneide Muniz , Silva Bruno Hipólito
Published: July 2024

A preocupação com o desenvolvimento de atividades de preceptoria nos cenários de prática do Sistema Único de Saúde tem se tornado cada vez mais constante. O conhecimento das estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem pelos preceptores pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento dessas atividades. Este estudo objetivou elaborar e validar um curso na modalidade a distância sobre estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem em cenários de prática em atenção primária à saúde. Trata-se de um estudo metodológico de elaboração e validação de conteúdo e semântica do curso. A coleta de dados ocorreu através de painel de respostas dos juízes, durante validação de conteúdo, quanto aos itens: objetivos, estrutura/apresentação e relevância e durante validação semântica quanto à clareza, objetividade e relevância, considerando a aparência do curso. Os dados foram analisados através do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo ≥ a 0,9 e do teste binomial para avaliar diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre a opinião dos juízes. Na validação de conteúdo, houve concordância superior a 90%, em todos os itens, com relação ao cálculo do IVC, do teste binomial e IVC Global igual a 1. Na validação semântica os valores de IVC individual apresentaram concordância superior a 90% em 11 dos 14 itens do questionário e 83% em 3 itens. O teste binomial apresentou concordância superior a 90% e IVC Global igual a 0,96. O protótipo do curso foi considerado válido pelos juízes quanto ao conteúdo e semântica, compondo três unidades pedagógicas, autoinstrucional, 100% on-line e disponibilizado no Repositório Digital e no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem da Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde.
Análise da distribuição espacial de óbitos por doença renal crônica/COVID-19, Brasil, 2020-2021
Authors: Carvalho Ariane Luz , Branco Maria dos Remédios Freiras Carvalho
Published: July 2024

A doença renal crônica (DRC) é considerada uma comorbidade que representa fator de risco para complicações pela COVID-19, associada a altas taxas de mortalidade no mundo. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a distribuição espacial dos óbitos por DRC/COVID-19 na população adulta no Brasil nos anos de 2020-2021. Trata-se de estudo ecológico de óbitos por DRC/COVID-19 no Brasil ocorridos em 2020 e 2021, registrados no sistema de informação sobre mortalidade (SIM). O estudo descreve os óbitos por DRC/COVID-19 notificados no país, apresentando análise descritiva dos dados, incluindo imputação preditiva devido a incompletudes do banco de dados utilizado, cálculos de mortalidade proporcional por causa e também por óbitos totais, e visualização espacial dos achados distribuídos pelas unidades federativas brasileiras, em todo seu contexto utilizando ferramentas do software R. Em 2020 houve 36.604 óbitos por DRC em adultos, e destes, 9,6% com COVID-19. Em 2021, os óbitos por DRC chegaram a 39.391, sendo 5.614 (14,2%) com registro de COVID-19. Os óbitos por DRC/COVID-19 foram mais frequentes em homens, pessoas de 60 a 79 anos, nível de escolaridade fundamental, raça/cor parda, e estado civil casado, em ambos os anos de estudo. As taxas de mortalidade proporcional por causa e as taxas de mortalidade proporcional por óbitos foram heterogêneas entre os estados, destacando-se os estados da região Norte que apresentou as maiores proporções durante os dois anos estudados, enquanto houve queda nos estados da região Nordeste em 2021. Ressalta-se o aumento proporcional dos óbitos por DRC/COVID-19 no país em 2021 comparado a 2020.
Avaliação ambiental do manejo de resíduos sólidos em comunidades rurais na Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Benone Otávio Souza de , Correia Railam Xavier , Nunes Cássia Helena da Silva , Souza Renato Francisco da Silva , Silva Douglas Marcelo Pinheiro da
Published: July 2024

As comunidades rurais na região Amazônica brasileira apresentam deficiências nos serviços de saneamento básico, incluindo abastecimento de água, rede de esgoto e manejo de resíduos sólidos, proporcionando desafios para o poder público, adversidades com a disposição de resíduos e problemas de saúde pública. Neste universo, a pesquisa objetivou avaliar a gestão de resíduos sólidos das comunidades Paraíso Grande, Paraísinho, Cristolândia e Ipixuna, no município de Humaitá, Amazonas. No estudo foi realizado revisão bibliométrica sobre a gestão de resíduos sólidos, análise visual, registro fotográfico in loco e amostragens (período seco e chuvoso) da caracterização gravimétrica dos resíduos sólidos gerados nas comunidades. A revisão bibliométrica mostrou limitação de pesquisa sobre a gestão de resíduos sólidos em comunidades rurais no Brasil, com destaque para a região norte que apresentou 18% do total de publicação. A caracterização da disposição de resíduos nas comunidades mostrou que 85% da população rural realizam a queima dos resíduos sólidos. Nas comunidades evidenciou uma geração superior a 3,5 toneladas de resíduos sólidos domésticos por ano, geração per capita de 0,16 kg dia-1 e percentuais elevados de matéria orgânica, superior a 23%. Assim, é necessário à elaboração de soluções ambientalmente adequadas para o manejo de resíduos sólidos em comunidades rurais.