bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of enantiomers and blind identification of erythro-sphingosine non-racemates by cold ion spectroscopy
Authors: Kopysov Vladimir , Yamaletdinov Ruslan , Boyarkin Oleg V.
Published: August 2024

UV cold ion spectroscopy quantifies enantiomers using single chiral standard and detects non-racemates having no their standards.
Functional surfactant-directing ultrathin metallic nanoarchitectures as high-performance electrocatalysts
Authors: Zheng Jinyu , Xiang Xin , Xu Dongdong , Tang Yawen
Published: August 2024

Recent progress in the controllable synthesis of ultrathin metallic nanoarchitectures utilizing functional surfactants via a self-assembly mechanism and the corresponding electrocatalytic performance has been thoroughly reviewed.
Aldoximes enable proton-relayed NMR hyperpolarisation
Authors: Leydman Naomi E. , Norcott Philip L.
Published: August 2024

Oximes are powerful hyperpolarisation agents, able to act both as ligands and proton exchange catalysts with other target molecules simultaneously.
Highly sensitive and selective detection of DCP vapors using pyridine-based fluorescent nanofilms
Authors: Qiu Zebiao , Xiao Yue , Zhang Ling , Miao Yupei , Zhang Bei , Zhu Xiaolin , Ding Liping , Peng Haonan , Fang Yu
Published: August 2024

A homogeneous, thickness-tunable, and large Stokes-shifted pyridine-based fluorescent nanofilm was developed, which exhibited high sensitivity, low detection limit, and high selectivity in the detection of DCP vapors.
Development of a three-dimensional-micro-pulling-down method and growth of spring-shaped sapphire single crystals
Authors: Yokota Yuui , Ohashi Yuji , Yoshikawa Akira
Published: August 2024

A three-dimensional-micro-pulling-down (3D-μ-PD) method was developed for the growth of 3D shaped single crystals, and spring-shaped sapphire single crystals were grown by the 3D-μ-PD method using Mo crucibles with different dies.
Temperature-dependent structural dynamics in covalent organic frameworks observed by cryogenic infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Frimpong Silas O. , McLane Nathan , Dietrich Matthew , Bauer Garrison A. , Baptiste Michael R. , Dodson Leah G. , Taylor Mercedes K.
Published: August 2024

Understanding the structural dynamics of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in response to external temperature change is necessary for these materials' application at cryogenic temperatures.
2D/2D Mo2CTx/g-C3N4 with a strong coupling interface via one-step NH4Cl-assisted calcination for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Zou Haiting , Pan Miaomiao , Wang Ping , Chen Feng , Wang Xuefei , Yu Huogen
Published: August 2024

A strategy of constructing 2D/2D Mo2CTx/g-C3N4 photocatalyst with strong coupling interface via a one-step NH4Cl-assisted method by in situ growing g-C3N4 nanosheets on Mo2CTx surface for rapid electron transfer and boosted H2-evolution activity.
Self-optimizing Bayesian for continuous flow synthesis process
Authors: Liu Runzhe , Wang Zihao , Yang Wenbo , Cao Jinzhe , Tao Shengyang
Published: August 2024

A Bayesian algorithm with self-optimizing capabilities, tailored for process optimization in continuous flow synthesis with small datasets enhancing efficiency.
Circulating fatty acids and risk of severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the UK biobank: a prospective cohort of 116 223 individuals
Authors: Zhuang Pan , Ao Yang , Liu Xiaohui , Ye Hao , Li Haoyu , Wan Xuzhi , Zhang Yu , Jiao Jingjing
Published: August 2024

Increased plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with a higher risk of developing severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease while higher plasma n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were associated with a lower risk.
Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits the invasion and migration of colorectal cancer by reversing EMT through the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway
Authors: Jiang Yi-Ling , Li Xue , Tan Ya-Wen , Fang Yu-Jing , Liu Kai-Yan , Wang Yi-Fan , Ma Ting , Ou Qing-Jian , Zhang Cai-Xia
Published: August 2024

DHA targets the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway to reverse the EMT and inhibit the invasion and migration of colorectal cancer.
Path2Green: introducing 12 green extraction principles and a novel metric for assessing sustainability in biomass valorization
Authors: de Souza Mesquita Leonardo M. , Contieri Leticia S. , e Silva Francisca A. , Bagini Rafael Henrique , Bragagnolo Felipe S. , Strieder Monique M. , Sosa Filipe H. B. , Schaeffer Nicolas , Freire Mara G. , Ventura Sónia P. M. , Coutinho João A. P. , Rostagno Maurício A.
Published: August 2024

We propose an innovative approach to address the pressing need for efficient and transparent evaluation techniques to assess extraction processes’ sustainability.
Enhancing molten salt oxidation sustainability: thermodynamic insights for spent salt reuse and carbonate cycle replenishment
Authors: Zhang Qingguo , Yan Yongde , Xue Yun , Ma Fuqiu , Hu Guanqing , Wang Yuelin , Wang Jingping , Zhang Milin
Published: August 2024

An optimized replenishment cycle for the molten salt oxidation method restored the SO2 adsorption capacity of the molten salt for the high-cycle treatment process, achieving over 99% oxidation efficiency and maintaining 80% sulfur interception.
Calculation-tunable electronic and optical properties of an InS/GaTe heterojunction based on first principles
Authors: Li Mengya , Liang Kanghao , Xing Wei , Zhang Yan , Chen Huaxin , Yang Yun , Liu Jian , Tian Ye , Li Ziyuan , Duan Li
Published: August 2024

The InS/GaTe heterojunction is a typical direct Z-scheme heterojunction, which can change its electronic and optical properties under strain and electric fields.
Efficient inverse design of optical multilayer nano-thin films using neural network principles: backpropagation and gradient descent
Authors: Han Jun Hee
Published: August 2024

This paper introduces the detailed working principle and application of a neural network capable of performing inverse design of optical multilayer nano-thin films without a training set.
Structural, optical and magnetic properties of a new metal–organic CoII-based complex
Authors: Jabeur Wiem , Korb Marcus , Hamdi Mohamed , Holub Mariia , Princík Dávid , Zeleňák Vladimír , Sanchez-Coronilla Antonio , Shalash Marwan , Čižmár Erik , Naïli Houcine
Published: August 2024

A new semiconducting compound [C5H8N3]2[CoCl4(C5H7N3)2] displays HF and LF relaxation channels, characterized by under-barrier and direct relaxation processes, respectively, as revealed by ab initio calculations and magnetic data analysis.
Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-silicon/carbon quantum dots nanocomposites for cell imaging
Authors: Liang Hai , Wu Fan , Xia Runan , Wu Wei , Li Shiqi , Di Panpan , Yang Miao
Published: August 2024

We successfully developed biocompatible nanocomposites of POSS/Si-QDs and POSS/C-QDs that emit blue, green, and red light, demonstrating excellent cell imaging capabilities.
Biopolymeric nanocarriers in cancer therapy: unleashing the potency of bioactive anticancer compounds for enhancing drug delivery
Authors: Hadkar Vrushali Manoj , Mohanty Chirasmita , Selvaraj Chinnadurai Immanuel
Published: August 2024

Effective cancer treatment is becoming a global concern, and recent developments in nanomedicine are essential for its treatment.
Synthesis of ethyl furfuryl ether via etherification of furfuryl alcohol with ethanol over montmorillonite K10
Authors: Yamanaka Nobutaka , Nishi Koji , Yasunaga Kenji , Yamada Hiroshi
Published: August 2024

EFE was easily synthesized from FFalc and ethanol over commercially available, low-cost, and environmentally friendly montmorillonite K10.
Ag/Cu doped polyaniline hybrid nanocomposite-based novel gas sensor for enhanced ammonia gas sensing performance at room temperature
Authors: Verma Arunima , Kumar Tanuj
Published: August 2024

Schematic diagram of the PANI@Ag/Cu hybrid nanocomposites as gas sensor.
Microstructure tuned Na3V2(PO4)3@C electrodes toward ultra-long-life sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Kate Ranjit S. , Bhattacharjee Kaustav , Kulkarni Milind V. , Kale Bharat B. , Deokate Ramesh J. , Kalubarme Ramchandra S.
Published: August 2024

High-Capacity NVP@C cathode: synthesis, characterization, and long-term cycling stability.
Syntheses and biological activities of calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives modified by sulfonic acid and sulfonamides
Authors: Ye Xiaodan , Wang Qing , Sun Meng , Chen Lusi , Jia Aiquan , Zhang Qianfeng
Published: August 2024

Antibacterial and antitumor tests were performed on the starting calix[4]resorcinarenes and their sulfonic acid and sulfonamide derivatives.
Air-through-precursor suction-augmented replica molding for fabrication of anisotropic microparticles in gas-impermeable molds
Authors: Mun Seok Joon , Jang Wookyoung , Choi Jun Hee , Lim Yong Jun , Bong Ki Wan
Published: August 2024

An air-through-precursor suction-augmented replica molding method for producing various functional anisotropic microparticles within gas-impermeable molds.
Bent naphthodithiophenes: synthesis and characterization of isomeric fluorophores
Authors: Adusei Emmanuel B. A. , Casetti Vincent T. , Goldsmith Calvin D. , Caswell Madison , Alinj Drecila , Park Jimin , Zeller Matthias , Rusakov Alexander A. , Kinney Zacharias J.
Published: August 2024

Isomeric bent naphthodithiophene fluorophores: so you are telling me there is a difference? Probing bent naphthodithiophene-centered fluorophores photophysical response to remote substituents.
Enhanced circularly polarized luminescence attained via self-assembly of heterochiral as opposed to homochiral dipeptides in water
Authors: Bera Sayan , Umesh  , Bhattacharya Santanu
Published: August 2024

The dipeptide-based molecule 1 showed Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL) in aqueous media, with glum values increasing from 1.3 (±0.05) × 10−3 for the homochiral system to 7.5 (±0.04) × 10−3 for the heterochiral system.
Dissecting phospho-motif-dependent Shc1 interactome using long synthetic protein fragments
Authors: Chen Peizhong , Chen Xiong , Song Xiaolei , He An , Zheng Yong , Li Xuechen , Tian Ruijun
Published: August 2024

A series of long synthetic peptides with different phosphorylation were assembled chemically for AP-MS profiling of the site specific interactome of Shc1CH1, and active signal probing in cell lines with different expression level of EGFR and HER2.
Chiral aggregates of rod-coil molecules inside nanopores as efficient nanoreactors for asymmetric synthesis
Authors: Zhao Hui-Yu , Xu Qing , Liu Gui-Lang , Pei Yi-Rong , Jin Long Yi
Published: August 2024

Chiral aggregation of rod-coil molecules inside nanopores resulted in efficient asymmetric synthesis as well as good durability and recyclability.
Antibiotic origami: selective formation of spirotetronates in abyssomicin biosynthesis
Authors: Mbatha Sbusisiwe Z. , Back Catherine R. , Devine Andrew J. , Mulliner Hannah M. , Johns Samuel T. , Lewin Harry , Cheung Kaiman A. , Zorn Katja , Stach James E. M. , Hayes Martin A. , van der Kamp Marc W. , Race Paul R. , Willis Christine L.
Published: August 2024

The molecular origins of stereoselectivity in enzyme catalysed Diels–Alder reactions in abyssomicin biosynthesis are determined and spirotetronates prepared with the creation of 3 new stereocentres.
Organofunctionalized borotungstate polyoxometalates as tunable photocatalysts for oxidative dimerization of amines
Authors: Tsang Nicole , Kibler Alexander J. , Argent Stephen P. , Lam Hon Wai , Jones Kieran D. , Newton Graham N.
Published: August 2024

The organic hybridization of borotungstate Keggin polyoxometalates is shown to modulate the electronic structure of the clusters, allowing the rational design of single-electron transfer photocatalysts that can be cycled under oxygen.
Ion pair extractant selective for LiCl and LiBr
Authors: Heo Nam Jung , Oh Ju Hyun , Li Aimin , Lee Kyounghoon , He Qing , Sessler Jonathan L. , Kim Sung Kuk
Published: August 2024

An ion pair receptor is reported that is capable of extracting LiCl and LiBr selectively from aqueous phases; the extraction efficiency is enhanced by the presence of other competitive salts.
Synthesis of bismuthanyl-substituted monomeric triel hydrides
Authors: Szlosek Robert , Marquardt Christian , Hegen Oliver , Balázs Gábor , Riesinger Christoph , Timoshkin Alexey Y. , Scheer Manfred
Published: August 2024

The syntheses of first, extremely sensitive donor-stabilized monomeric bismuthanylboranes D·BH2Bi(SiMe3)2 (D = NHC, DMAP) and the bismuthanylgallane IDipp·GaH2Bi(SiMe3)2 are presented representing unique element combinations of bismuth and triels.
Hydrodeoxygenation of biomass-derived furans into liquid alkanes over a Ru/WO3–ZrO2 catalyst
Authors: Priya Bhanu , Kumar Ankit , Singh Sanjay Kumar
Published: August 2024

Complete and selective hydrodeoxygenation of biomass-derived furfural-acetone aldol adducts to liquid alkanes was achieved over Ru/5WO3–ZrO2 catalyst at 150 °C and 2 MPa H2, attributed to the synergistic cooperation of Ru and WO3–ZrO2 support.
A BiVO4/Bi2Mo2O9 heterostructure towards oriented charge transfer for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Xiong Yuli , Zhou Nan , Zhou Yuting , Peng Bo , Cui Yuting , Yu Peng , Cheng Zhenxiang
Published: August 2024

A BiVO4/Bi2Mo2O9 heterostructure is prepared by the SILAR method, demonstrating 3.4 times higher photocurrent compared to Bi2Mo2O9 due to oriented photogenerated hole transfer.
NaCl-templated synthesis of soybean-derived nitrogen-rich mesoporous carbon material: iron phthalocyanine integration for four-electron oxygen reduction
Authors: Rathour Vikram , Singh Smita , Singh Varsha , Singh Devesh Kumar , Verma Vaibhav , Sonkar Piyush Kumar , Ganesan Vellaichamy
Published: August 2024

Mesoporous carbon, synthesized from soybean using NaCl as a template, is further integrated with iron phthalocyanine. This combination yields a material (FePc@SN950) with enhanced selectivity for the four-electron oxygen reduction process.
Ultrafast charging/discharging and highly stable non-aqueous iron-ion batteries using iron oxide (Fe3O4) microspheres as an efficient cathode material
Authors: Yadav Jitendra Kumar , Rani Bharti , Saini Priyanka , Pandey Anant Prakash , Dixit Ambesh
Published: August 2024

Rechargeable iron-ion batteries (RIIBs) are considered one of the alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their high volumetric energy density and low-cost fabrication under ambient conditions.
Three-dimensional polydimethylsiloxane/barium titanate elastomer networks for piezoelectric energy harvesters
Authors: Gong Yuanbiao , Wang Weijia , Che Xiuzi , Su Yao , Jia Yuxin , Ren Xiaohu , Fan Huiqing
Published: August 2024

The PDMS/BT PEH prepared by pine wood-assisted sol–gel synthesis retains the 3D structure of the pine wood. This not only achieves high piezoelectric properties, but has desirable performance in the fields of signal detection and energy harvesting.
Elucidating the particle size-dependent guest-induced structural transition of flexible metal–organic frameworks by exploring cooperative nature
Authors: Arima Homare , Hiraide Shotaro , Watanabe Satoshi
Published: August 2024

Flexible metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) show S-shaped adsorption isotherms due to their structural transition. This behavior changes depending on their particle size. This paper elucidates the size effect using a multi-scale simulation model.
Pregnancy complications and birth outcomes following low-level exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the vitamin D antenatal asthma reduction trial
Authors: Begum Sofina , Prince Nicole , Mínguez-Alarcón Lidia , Chen Yulu , Soeteman Djøra I. , Fangal Vrushali , Huang Mengna , Wheelock Craig , Mendez Kevin , Litonjua Augusto A. , Weiss Scott T. , Lasky-Su Jessica , Kelly Rachel S.
Published: August 2024

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetic, highly fluorinated aliphatic compounds, commonly utilised in a wide variety of consumer products with diverse applications.
Effect of PCBM nanoparticles in lead-based layered (PEA)2PbI4 perovskite thin films
Authors: Aloysius Deepak , Khan Muskan , Mondal Arindam , Gupta Satyajit
Published: August 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) layered halide perovskites are considered to be one of the future potential semiconductor materials due to their higher moisture stability. The study shows the effect of PCBM nanoparticles in 2D layered perovskites.
Investigations into optimum non‐periodic bursts scheme in radar pulse train designed for fixed‐wing drone detections by multi‐function radar
Authors: Gmyrek Stanislaw , Sysak Dawid , Biernacki Pawel , Jaromi Grzegorz
Published: August 2024

Drone surveillance with multi‐function radar (MFR) can benefit a lot from the careful radar pulse train organisation into dedicated sub‐RPTs serving particular needs of tasks. In contemporary scenarios of MFR applications, where navigation, search and rescue, and natural environment safeguarding are to be shared, of particular importance is a case where airborne small drone detection radar performs other tasks concurrently. Resource sharing within the radar unit is based on variables and unpredictable circumstances, leading to strains in resources in MFR. Consequently, such constraints limit MFR functioning with optimal drone sensitivity for its own sake. To ensure a high quality of radar services performed quickly, with a low DC power consumption, the task sharing approach by the common MFR platform, non‐periodic bursts emission of radar pulse energy has gained our major attention. At the same time, it was assumed that bursts feature periodic time intervals between radar pulses, which is a favourable circumstance in the control and implementation of signal processing. Each sub‐RPTs is designed to cope with particular detection tasks. One to four linear polarisations (VV, VH, HV, HH) are activated. The focus of the investigation was on the radar emitting a few thousand pulses per second, but only a few 10 pulses per second were expected to be required to detect small airborne drones. The core of the research study was the optimisation process of the scheme operating with 4 to 16 pulse bursts optimised for drone detection with a modest use of resources at MFR. While performing several activities, the X‐band MFR platform called ENAVI was developed in‐house. The proposed non‐periodic burst scheme optimisation approach was validated with in‐field tests with the ENAVI radar model. The in‐air target was a 3‐metre fixed‐wing drone having low RCS and flying at different altitudes with a speed close to 200 km/h. The radar antenna was a 26 dBi low‐profile dual‐polarisation array making it feasible to detect drones remaining a few degrees off the antenna breadboard direction. A very high likelihood of detection of drones from a few kilometres distance was demonstrated within one second. The authors present the effectiveness of the cell‐averaging technique which proved to correctly detect drones within a 7‐km range, and how MFR radar echoes can be used for basic weather surveillance. One vertical VV polarisation was used for drone detection and two VV and VH polarisations for weather observation. Weather radar capabilities were examined against heavy rain clouds imposing a hazard to the safety of drone flights.
Design and fabrication of Self–Ironing machines for clothes
Authors: Sharath Chandra Prasad Chavali Sai , Saini Ojasv , Rana Parteek , Singh Srijan Kumar , Vijay Tijare Tejas , Cambow Rameshwar
Published: August 2024

The Self-Ironing Machine is an innovative solution designed to revolutionize fabric ironing on a small scale, catering to the increasing demand for portable and user-friendly ironing devices. It integrates intelligent features to enhance versatility, including a compact design housing essential elements such as a heating plate, a heating roller, and a temperature identification sensor, alongside specialized buttons for different fabric types. The project's objective was to develop a portable self-ironing machine that simplifies the ironing process while maintaining effectiveness.The machine utilizes a heating plate for precise heating and a weighted roller for consistent pressure application, ensuring optimal results. A standout feature is the integration of a temperature identification sensor, enabling customized ironing treatments tailored to specific fabric requirements. This streamlines the process and reduces the risk of damage to delicate fabrics. User interaction is intuitive with dedicated buttons catering to various fabric needs.Rigorous testing has demonstrated the machine's outstanding performance across different fabric types, highlighting its accuracy and adaptability. In conclusion, the Portable Self-Ironing Machine represents a significant advancement in fabric ironing technology. Its compact and efficient design, coupled with intelligent features, offers an enhanced user experience. With its ability to deliver precise and tailored ironing treatments, this machine stands as a game-changer in the realm of portable fabric care, addressing the needs of modern lifestyles and paving the way for future innovations in the field.
Optimizing Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Matrix Composites via Stir Casting for Automobile Applications
Authors: M Arangarajan , Kaliappan Seeniappan , Jayaraman P. , Arun Kumar A.L.N. , Arulmurugan S. , Maranan Ramya
Published: August 2024

The aim of the present research is on the automobile application of magnesium matrix composites. To this purpose, optimal mechanical properties of MMCs are studied through the conduction of an experimental investigation. In this research, eight samples are to be considered based on the use of various reinforcement material types and their percentage. Magnesium matrix composite samples are to be manufactured by the use of the stir casting process. The following mechanical properties are to be calculated for every sample: tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance and hardness. The experimental results show that the 6 th sample, which is a magnesium matrix reinforced with graphite material at the rate of 10%., was among those with the highest mechanical properties in terms of tensile strength , which was 135 MPa, flexural strength, which amounted to 120 MPa, impact resistance, which reached 7.0 J, and hardness, which was 97 HV. Therefore, one can make a conclusion that it is important to optimize the reinforcement material and its percentage when considering the possibility to improve the mechanical performance of MMCs. That said, the given research offers insights into the potential of MMCs as lightweight materials with high performance in vehicle construction.
Bridging The Urban-Rural Education Gap In India Through CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) Initiatives: A Conceptual Study With Special Reference To Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education)
Authors: Upreti Himani , Khanna Malhotra Rupa
Published: August 2024

Education plays a pivotal role in fostering the socio-economic development of any nation. Because of persistent urban-rural education gap in India, the country faces challenges in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) – Quality Education. The current study is conducted to investigate the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives in addressing this gap, for which a comprehensive study is conducted to identify CSR initiatives undertaken by the top companies in bridging the urban-rural education gap prevailing in India. Further the study also aims to identify various challenges encountered by companies while aligning their CSR initiatives towards achievement of global goal of sustainability (SDG4). The paper also gives recommendations in meeting out these challenges.
Mapping the Distribution Pattern of Startups In Uttarakhand: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Garia Prakash , Kumar Narendra , Sharma Somesh , Mittal Amit
Published: August 2024

The intent of the research is to interrogate the distribution pattern of startups in the hilly state of Uttarakhand, India. Startups have gained significant attention in recent years as drivers of innovation, economic growth, and employment generation. However, most studies in this area have focused on urban or metropolitan regions, overlooking the unique challenges and opportunities faced by startups in hilly regions. Through a comprehensive inquiry, this research analyzes the spatial distribution of startups across Uttarakhand, considering factors such as location, sector, and growth trajectory. The study utilizes a combination of quantitative methods. The findings highlight the presence of startup clusters in two of Uttarakhand, such as Garhwal Region and Kumaun Region. These areas exhibit favorable conditions for startups, including access to infrastructure, educational institutions, and a skilled workforce. Additionally, the research explores the impact of government policies, funding opportunities, and support initiatives on the distribution of startups in the state. The verdicts of this inquiry donatesto the existing literature on startup ecosystems by shedding light on the distribution patterns in hilly regions. The research provides valuable insights for policymakers, government agencies, and stakeholders to develop targeted interventions and policies to foster entrepreneurship and innovation in Uttarakhand.
A Comparative Study Of Academic Burnout Among Undergraduates In Relation To Their Gender And Locale
Authors: Beri Nimisha , Kaur Gagandeep
Published: August 2024

Academic burnout reflects a psychological syndrome that includes emotional depletion, depersonalization, and a decreasing sense of accomplishment among individuals. It is not only confined to a particular country but it is a matter of global concern that bothers students at all levels of education. An individual is unable to focus on academic and non-academic activities or tasks and is sometimes more prone to illness or health issues due to stress and fatigue. This paper studied the comparative analysis of Academic Burnout in relation to their Gender and Locale of undergraduate students. The objectives are to study the level of academic burnout among college students and find out the difference in the academic burnout among college students with regard to their gender and locale. The sample comprised of 1320 undergraduate students of Punjab State. Tools used were The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory - Student Version. The findings of the study revealed that there does not exists significant difference in academic burnout on the basis of gender and locale among college students.
Amino acid usage in coagulase positive staphylococcal bacteria
Authors: Arora Pinky , Kumar Shubham , Kaur Sandeep
Published: August 2024

Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) species inhabit human and animal skin and nasal flora, posing opportunistic infection risks. This study explores amino acid preferences within CoPS, highlighting biosynthetic efficiency and functional demands in genome evolution. Leucine, isoleucine, and lysine were favored, while cysteine, methionine, proline, histidine, and tryptophan were avoided, reflecting a strategy to minimize biosynthetic costs and enhance cellular fitness. GRAVY and AROMO analyses demonstrated significant correlations between amino acid usage and protein properties like hydrophobicity and aromaticity. GRAVY scores, indicative of protein hydrophobicity, correlated positively with GC content, particularly at the third codon position (GC3s), and overall GC content. Aromaticity showed similar positive correlations with GC content and hydrophobicity, suggesting a preference for aromatic amino acids in GC-rich CoPS genomes. Species-specific findings in S. aureus revealed correlations between GC3s, hydrophobicity, and codon usage adaptation, emphasizing adaptive strategies to optimize protein stability. This study enhances understanding of CoPS evolutionary pressures and informs potential therapeutic strategies.
Environmental management of modern international corporations in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Serhii Bashlai , Oleh Pihul , Volodymyr Somushkin , Vadym Glukh , Dmytro Kulahin
Published: August 2024

The paper discusses the results of a study that highlights the importance of modern biotechnological processes in the framework of sustainable development by analyzing the activities of several international corporations. It is shown that the implementation of the principles of justice and ethics in this context is identified as one of the key challenges for the global community. The paper discusses in detail the concept of the bio-based circular economy, which is already being applied in the EU countries, although with varying degrees of success in long-term operations. It is determined that green project management plays a key role in the implementation of this concept. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the biotechnology industry on the environmental situation. It is established that materials produced with the use of biotechnology can have a negative impact on the environment. An important aspect is also the sustainability of technologies, which implies not only their natural changes but also the ability to adapt to new standards of use. In the context of highlighting these aspects, the article points out the need for further research and development of strategies aimed at effective management of environmentally friendly technologies as well as ensuring their sustainable effectiveness in the long term. The paper presents the results of a study on the role of modern biotechnological processes in the context of sustainable development on the example of a number of international corporations. The concept of the bio-based circular economy, which has been promoted in the EU member countries, although with varying degrees of success in long-term operations, is considered. It is established that the management of “green” projects plays a key role in this context.
Analysis and mapping of the indoor acoustic environment in university study spaces
Authors: Jha Shreya , Gupta Anoushka , Gupta Akshansh , Kumar Mishra Rajeev , Pratap Singh Jadon Ravi
Published: August 2024

The university setting significantly impacts the student’s learning and academic achievement. A vital aspect shaping their productivity and well-being within this environment is the indoor soundscape. Different organizations, nationally and internationally, have emphasized the importance of addressing noise-related issues and have established guidelines. This study investigates how indoor soundscapes affect student learning and achievement in university classrooms. The present study analyses noise levels at nine locations during morning, afternoon, and evening study hours using a class 1 sound level meter. Results show noise levels ranging from 49.8 to 77.6 dBA, averaging 66.1 dBA. Over 96% exceeded the ANSI, CPCB noise limit of 50 dBA, with 62.96% surpassing WHO’s 55 dBA standards. Seven of nine locations maintained acceptable noise levels 95% of the time, considering a ±10 dBA fluctuation allowed by CPCB. Libraries and computer labs generally had lower noise, while engineering labs had higher levels due to noisy equipment. This research holds significance for educational institutions, policymakers, and stakeholders in creating conducive learning environments. Understanding prevailing soundscapes informs the design and management of study areas, and helps optimize learning spaces for improved productivity.
Analyzing the Performance of Solar Photovoltaic Systems with the Capability of Sun Tracking
Authors: Soumendro Roy , Nazrul Islam Md.
Published: August 2024

Dynamic solar photovoltaic (PV) greenhouses combine the concept of agriculture with sustainable energy production. By varying sun-tracking angles, they provide greater energy production and microclimate control opportunities. Previous research on PV greenhouses rarely considered the impacts of partial shading and documented the performance over the entire range of rotation angles. This paper provides a fully documented copy of the performance of dynamic solar trackers over the day and proposes a cost-efficient model. The proposed model in this paper will reduce the generation of greenhouse gasses and eventually will participate in preventing global warming by producing clean energy, which is an eco-friendly solution to peak energy demand. Excess power can be sold to the state grid, and revenue can be generated. The model is designed using Proteus 8 professional platform and implemented practically, without using any micro-controller, to test its performance. According to the results, no-shading sun tracking produces about 20% more energy than conventional fixed PV which is highly economical. The proposed model will reduce about 50-60% cost than the existing models which will be highly beneficial.
Experimental investigation on the effect of different types of fine aggregates and cement on real-time measurement of concrete compressive strength using maturity functions
Authors: Kampli Gurunath , Akkannavar Chaitanya , Chitawadagi M.V. , Chickerur Satyadhyan
Published: August 2024

The compressive strength of concrete is one of its significant mechanical properties. The traditional method of measuring the concrete compressive strength requires a lot of time, thereby increasing the project duration. Real-time in-situ measurement of concrete compressive strength will benefit contractors by helping them better monitor the quality of concrete. This paper presents the effect of different types of fine aggregates, namely river sand and M sand, on the temperature measurement of concrete. Using maturity functions, the compressive strength of concrete is measured using an IoT platform. Since the hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction, the effect of different types of cement, namely OPC and PPC, was also studied to check whether any modifications are required in maturity functions to measure the real-time compressive strength of concrete. The results show that the average temperature measured for both types of aggregates is the same; hence, there is no need to change the maturity functions. The prediction of compressive strength of concrete for both types of concrete was made with a coefficient of determination of 98%, and the average temperature for both types of cement was 270C. This shows that the maturity functions developed for OPC and PPC work well without needing any modifications.
Analysing the anomalous relationship between precipitation and PM10 concentrations in Peninsular India
Authors: Nilaya Manvi , Vaibhavi  , Agrawal Swayam , Gupta Lovleen
Published: August 2024

Global air quality trends suggest decreased PM10 levels with increased precipitation, however, Peninsular India exhibits a distinct pattern. This research investigates the correlation between precipitation and PM10 concentrations in Peninsular India, with special focus on the anomalous relationship between the two variables, where rainfall does not consistently lead to lower PM10 concentration levels. The study examines data from 11 air quality monitoring stations across four states, considering PM10 concentrations, precipitation intensities and meteorological data of wind. Statistical analyses were employed to study the distribution patterns of PM10 mass concentrations corresponding to the type of rainfall during the monsoon season in every city of research. To investigate further, the correlation between PM10 levels before the rainfall and the average precipitation intensity during the rainfall duration was established. Results have revealed that the impact of precipitation on PM10 concentration levels varies depending upon the pollutant’s concentration before the rainfall duration and precipitation intensities. Light rainfall (precipitation intensity between 2.5 mm/day to 7.6 mm/day) leads to a decrease in PM10 concentration levels in particular meteorological conditions, whereas very light rainfall (precipitation intensity less than 2.5 mm/day) increases the PM10 concentration levels post rainfall. The scavenging effect of precipitation is investigated by measuring the difference in PM10 concentration levels before and after a certain precipitation intensity. When initial PM10 concentration is lower than the seasonal average, results show a little increase in PM10 concentration levels after a light rainfall lasting less than 10 hours. This research also explores the fluctuations in the PM10 concentration levels under different wind directions and speeds. It is observed that increasing wind speed in one direction improves the clearance effect on PM10 concentrations. The objective of this research is to close the knowledge gap between regional meteorological conditions (primarily related to precipitation and wind dynamics) and regional air quality by offering data-backed observations. This facilitates effective air pollution management for such disparate air quality patterns.
Evaluating the Characteristics of Fibrous Pure Gypsum Containing Chopped Carbon Fiber (CCF)
Authors: Jabur Aqeel Raheem , Ahmed Ahmed A. , AL-Ridha Ahmed S.D.
Published: August 2024

The current study examines the impact of using Chopped-Carbon-Fiber (CCF) on the density and compressive strength properties of pure gypsum. Four distinct combinations of pure gypsum were used. The combinations are categorized into two groups based on their water-to-pure gypsum ratio of 0.55 and 0.75. Each group set is separated into two groups based on the volume fraction (Vf) of 0.0% and 0.35% of CCF (Fibrous and Non-Fibrous pure gypsum). Three samples measuring 50 * 50 * 50 mm were used for each admixture. The use of CCF in pure gypsum mixtures has been shown to boost and improve compressive strength for two water-to-pure gypsum ratios (W/PG). The rate at which compressive strength improves with the application of CCF is directly proportional to the ratio of W/PG. In addition, it should be noted that an increase in the W/PG ratio leads to a decrease in both density and compressive strength. Conversely, the behavior of the fibrous pure gypsum reduce drop rate of decline in both density and compressive strength..
Interpretation of Flood Zone Mapping using HEC-RAS Hydraulic Model for the Bennihalla Stream through 1D Flow Analysis
Authors: Naikar Vinayak S. , Raikar Rajkumar V.
Published: August 2024

Food hazard research has since been important in the last two decades and continues to be relevant in future climate scenarios to develop realistic solutions to disaster risk. For more detailed and accurate outputs, studies on flood hazards are conducted through simulations using high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs). It is very essential to provide more accurate maps to analyse the flood prone region by selecting suitable best input data which is nothing but the DEMs.

The study utilizes daily maximum discharge data were collected from 2003 to 2020, where in 2007 peak flood of 3174 m3/s has been occurred which resulted heavy flood inundated area. In this study for the maximum flow has been used and integrating the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and Cartosat Digital Elevation Model (DEM) as input for flood-zone mapping using the HEC-RAS tool. By simulating various scenarios using HEC-RAS, the study anticipates significant outputs, including flood extent predictions, water surface profiles, and submergence areas for different return periods.

The regression analysis showed that both the SRTM and Cartosat models have high R-squared values, indicating a good fit. The SRTM model has a slightly higher R-squared value (0.867) compared to the Cartosat model (0.838), suggesting that it explains more of the variance in flow area. In terms of velocity, both models show a significant negative relationship with flow area, with the SRTM model exhibiting a stronger influence. The Cartosat model demonstrates a significant positive relationship between top width and flow area, unlike the SRTM model. Correlation analysis corroborates these findings, with the Cartosat DEM showing a significant positive correlation between top width and flow area. The Cartosat DEM also shows lower RMSE (1158.42) and MAE (910.32) values compared to the SRTM DEM, indicating more accurate predictions of stream flow.

Paired t-tests indicated no significant difference in water surface elevation (W.S.Elev) and Froude number (Fr no) between the two DEMs. However, a significant difference was found in energy grade elevation (E.G.Elev), suggesting discrepancies in capturing this parameter. There was no strong evidence of a difference in top width (Top Width Act), although the result was near the threshold of significance.

The analysis highlights the importance of DEM resolution in hydrological modeling. The Cartosat DEM's higher resolution contributes to its superior performance, capturing significant variations in stream flow related to elevation changes more accurately than the SRTM DEM. Based on the lower error metrics and stronger model coefficients, the Cartosat DEM is recommended for stream flow analysis in this study. The detailed flood hazard maps generated from this study will be instrumental in developing effective flood management strategies for the Bennihalla River, thereby mitigating the recurrent threat to the local villages.
A Comparative Analysis of Conventional Steel Building and Pre-Engineered Building Systems: A case study Approach
Authors: Londhe Pratik M. , Ambekar Rohan Vilas , Dhumal Priyanka R. , Chipade Amar M. , Barkale Akshay D. , Sasane Neha B.
Published: August 2024

India being a developed country, massive house building construction is taking place in various parts of the country. Since 30% of the Indian population lives in towns and cities, the frequency of construction is more in urban places. There is an enormous need for housing, but there will never be enough houses available because current masonry construction technology cannot keep up with the annual rise in demand. Hence, one has to think of alternative construction systems like pre-engineered steel buildings. India has an installed steel capacity of 35 to 40 million tonnes & apparent steel consumption is around 27 to 30 million tonnes. There is a surplus capacity of flat steel products available in India particularly of hot and cold rolled sheets. These steel components can be utilized in the construction of pre-engineered building components. Pre-engineered steel buildings are one such alternative construction approach that needs to be considered. India appears to consume between 27 and 30 million tonnes of steel, compared to its installed capacity of 35 to 40 million tonnes. India has an excess capacity for flat steel goods, especially hot and cold rolled sheets. Pre-engineered building components can be constructed using these steel components. in terms of steel consumption and cost. In this paper, the detailed estimation of the PEB and CSB is done on Excel sheet and actual cost of the project with given dimensions is found out as a PEB structure and CSB structure.
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Self-Healing Smart Concrete Properties
Authors: Ravikar Aboli , Joshi Deepa A. , Menon Radhika , Wadhwa Lalitkumar
Published: August 2024

Self-Healing Smart Concrete has arisen as a promising solution to mitigate the detrimental effects of cracks and deterioration in concrete structures, enhancing their durability and longevity. It is a type of concrete that consists of substances or microbes which have the ability to self-heal fractures that may form over time as a result of a variety of circumstances including stress, weathering, or structural damage. As the laboratory experiments can be costly and time-consuming for analyzing the characteristics of Smart Concrete, machine learning algorithms can help to develop better formulations for the Self-Healing concrete. In this study, the machine learning (ML) tools are compared based on number of parameters to help determine the most suitable tool for creating predictive models. A total of 14 parameters were selected for comparison and 3 ML algorithms were identified through a detailed Literature Review viz. Random Forests Regressor, Extra Trees Regressor and Elastic Net Regressor. The results showed that the Extra Trees Regressor performed better in predictions giving 97.63% accuracy and with Standard Deviation value of about 0.005314 followed by Random Forests and Elastic Net Regressor. Therefore, Extra Trees Regressor can be applied to develop predictive model for assessing the performance of self-healing smart concrete.
Research on the effectiveness of measures to reduce frost heave in oil and gas pipelines
Authors: Wang Dongyuan , Wang Guitao , Tan Qiuxia , Wen Chunlong
Published: August 2024

This article is based on a gas pipeline project in a high-altitude area to conduct quantitative analysis of engineering measures and safety assessment. Analysed the impact of soil frost heave under different conditions on pipelines, and compared the changes in pipeline stress before and after taking measures, thereby demonstrating the feasibility and treatment effect of engineering measures. Based on the commonly used technical measures in pipeline engineering, three common measures were selected for analysis: increasing pipeline wall thickness, using coarse-grained soil for replacement and filling of pipe trenches, and adding insulation to pipelines. The results show that when the wall thickness of the pipeline increases from 8.7 mm to 15.9 mm, the thickness of the insulation layer increases from 5 cm to 8 cm, and the thickness of the replacement soil layer increases from 300 mm to 500 mm, all can effectively improve pipeline deformation and reduce the maximum stress value. The effectiveness of various measures in preventing frost heave has been verified, providing a theoretical basis for the selection of key parameters such as pipe wall thickness, insulation layer thickness, and replacement thickness in pipeline design in permafrost areas.
Research of greenhouse gas emissions from sludge treatment and disposal in China under the “dual carbon” background: A review
Authors: Bao Hanqin
Published: August 2024

Under the background of “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutralization”, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG; particularly, CO2, CH4, and N2O) emissions from sludge treatment and disposal is of great significance for realizing the global net zero emission of GHG. This study identifies carbon emission scenarios and abatement measures for different sludge treatment and disposal processes.
A theoretical review of the asset management of energy and power data elements
Authors: Chen Guang , Wang Di , Li Xinda , Liu Jianye , Jia Xuefeng
Published: August 2024

as an important part of the digital economy, energy power data elements assets management related field is extensive, covers the industry digital, digital industrialization, data value multiple dimensions of content, contains both national laws and policies, domestic and foreign markets, and contains specific data assets, data pricing, data trading technology and "cloud big wisdom" technical support. This paper mainly starts from the two dimensions of digital economy, data transaction and asset management of data elements, in order to provide reference and reference for relevant energy and power enterprises to carry out the practice of asset management of power data elements.
Variation characteristics and influencing factors of mercury exchange flux on asphalt ground
Authors: Mo Bing , Zhou Xuyuan , Li Dongting , Wang Yan , Liu Ruhai
Published: August 2024

Surface mercury release is an important source of atmospheric mercury, and asphalt pavement occupies a high proportion. However, the current characteristics of mercury exchange flux on asphalt ground are unclear, which is not conducive to assessing the contribution of surface mercury release to atmospheric mercury. Therefore, the dynamic flux chamber method was used to measure the variation characteristics of mercury exchange flux on the underlying surface of typical artificial asphalt in Qingdao in four seasons. The average mercury exchange flux of the asphalt ground surface was 0.12±0.38 ng/(m2•h). The mercury flux was mainly released in spring, summer, and autumn, the highest in summer was twice that in spring, and the deposition occurred mainly in winter. Under the influence of meteorological factors and atmospheric mercury concentration, the mercury exchange flux reached its peak value when the light intensity and surface temperature were the highest in spring and autumn, while the peak value in summer occurred after the maximum light intensity and reached its maximum peak value at the highest surface temperature.