bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La expansión del agronegocio en la trama de la Chapada Diamantina: contribuciones al análisis de las formas de apropiación de espacios para la acumulación / A expansão do agronegócio no entramado da Chapada Diamantina, Brasil: contribuições à análise das formas de apropriação de espaços para a acumulação / Agribusiness expansion in the web of Chapada Diamantina, Brazil: contributions for the analysis of the forms of appropriation of new spaces for accumulation
Authors: Arrazola Aranzabal Iñigo
Published: March 2024

En este artículo planteo algunas ampliaciones al análisis de las formas de apropiación de nuevos espacios para la acumulación propuestas por Jason Moore en ‘El capital en la trama de la vida’. Para ello, me baso en la expansión del agronegocio en la Chapada Diamantina, en el interior del Estado de Bahía, Brasil. En primer lugar, muestro el papel activo jugado por las empresas en la producción de la Chapada como un lugar diferenciado de gran potencial agrícola que sólo ellas podrían aprovechar, contribuyendo de manera decisiva a construir los grandes planaltos de la Chapada como apropiables para sus actividades. Adicionalmente, me fijo en las maneras por las que la expansión del agronegocio expulsa a la población del campo y subordina a los productores campesinos. Recurro para esto último a los aportes de la literatura brasileña sobre la cuestión agraria, posicionando así el conocimiento producido desde el sur en el diálogo con los debates globales. Finalmente, retomo el énfasis de Moore en las formas de poder territorial que acompañan las dinámicas de apropiación capitalistas para profundizar en: 1) el ejercicio de poder de Estado a través de los mecanismos de gobernanza del agua; 2) las maneras por las que este poder es ejercido en diversos ámbitos y escalas, generando tensiones también dentro del ámbito del propio Estado.
Trabalho e superexploração em regiões periféricas: uma análise a partir do circuito madeireiro do município de Nova Esperança do Piriá, Pará, Brasil / Work and overexploitation in peripheral regions: an analysis from the logging circuit in the municipality of Nova Esperança do Piriá, Pará, Brazil / Trabajo y sobreexplotación en regiones periféricas: un análisis del circuito maderero en el municipio de Nova Esperança do Piriá, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Allison Bezerra , Sousa Moraes Ergson , Lima Silva Daniely
Published: March 2024

O circuito madeireiro é um ingrediente de peso na renda amazônica. Este setor, que há tempos responde por elevados níveis de exploração de recursos naturais e sociais, nos últimos anos, se depara com um novo padrão de produção na periferia, a superexploração da força de trabalho, um elemento presente na estrutura de produção de diversos circuitos produtivos na Amazônia, como no madeireiro, nosso objeto de análise. A superexploração da força de trabalho vem respondendo pelos alarmantes níveis de marginalização social na região, e assim, no desenvolvimento periférico. O artigo analisa aspectos da superexploração da força de trabalho observados no circuito madeireiro do município de Nova Esperança do Piriá, localizado no nordeste paraense. O materialismo dialético foi o método utilizado para entender as contradições que envolvem a produção nesse circuito. Como procedimentos metodológicos utilizou-se da pesquisa de campo, com entrevistas não estruturadas dialogadas não nominais com ex-empresários do setor, registro fotográfico, além de análise de dados do CAGED e RAIS. A atuação desse circuito, funcionando a partir da superexploração da força das massas trabalhadoras, não possibilita melhor qualidade de vida local, pois concentra a renda e a riqueza, sendo assim radicular no desenvolvimento periférico regional.
Building “Porang” processing industry using supply chain management method
Authors: Wida Riptanti Erlyna , Irianto Heru
Published: March 2024

Wonogiri Regency is one of the leading porang producing regions in Indonesia, but the potential of its industry is still largely unexplored. Currently, business actors market corms and chips in East Java Province, resulting in a multiplier effect. This is because these actors cover only a small portion of the region. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop porang processing industry model through Supply Chain Management method. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods with Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) analysis. The triangulation method was used to cross-examine data at the respondents’ level. Based on the results, processed product demand, supplier engagement in the production process, and glucomannan production technology were the sub-criteria with the greatest effect on supply chain management. Furthermore, market access was identified as the major factor influenced by other sub-criteria. The strategies for establishing processing industry based on the 18 sub-criteria were in the linkage quadrant, showing the presence of high effect and interconnection. Variables in this sector must be investigated carefully because the relationship between variables is unstable. Every action on this variable will affect others and the feedback effect can magnify the impact. The strategy implemented must undergo various reviews to obtain best results. The findings of this study can be used as a reference for stakeholders to strengthen competitive advantage and implementing effective strategies
Female orgasm, reproduction and couple relationships
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic, Pastor Zlatko
Published: March 2024

A deficit or problematic achievement of female orgasm is often classified as a sexual disorder that creates complications in the sex life of couples. This assumption is generally accepted, even though vaginal anorgasmia is an accepted statistical norm and non-coital methods of generating female orgasm are not as easy as they are for men. Female orgasms manifest themselves in different ways; they are variable and can be dependent on a number of variable factors. Some theories suggest a high degree of correlation between the capacity for orgasmic experience, sexual attitudes and behaviour, but also with reproductive potential or the stability of the given couple’s relationship. Female orgasm is often seen as a discriminatory mechanism influencing attitudes towards sexuality or even as a kind of fertility catalyst. There is no consensus on the importance of female orgasm. The results of some relevant studies refute theories about the female orgasm’s positive influence on adaptive functions of the couple’s relationship, as well as its influence on fertility. The orgasm in women is most likely an evolutionary by-product of its male variant, since the clitoris and penis have an identical embryonic basis of development. Female anorgasmia should not be considered an unquestioned diagnosis, let alone a psychiatric construct leading to a paradigm in which anorgasmia is categorically the cause of frustration or other problems. Key words: orgasm – sexual dysfunction – clitoris – orgasmic disorder – reproduction
Health Chain Connect
Authors: Mr. Prasad Sonawane  , Mr. Anup Sonawane  , Miss. Aditi Pahadi  , Miss. Chandrakala Mahale  , Mr. Rohan Lokhande  , Miss. Devyani Girase
Published: March 2024

Electronic medical records are medical records of patient stored digitally on the internet. Patient information is stored in the blockchain, and this information is stored as a block of data in the blockchain. Encrypted using the AES algorithm used to encrypt all patient data. Blockchain networks are used in healthcare to exchange patient information and increase the efficiency, security, and transparency of medical information sharing in healthcare. Security, decentralized and transparency, the three main features of blockchain technology, make all applications secure and inaccessible to unauthorized persons.
Digital Library Management using Cloud Computing
Authors: Dr. S. Sujatha
Published: March 2024

Libraries may soon be building and managing their own data centers. This model would let libraries maintain more control over the applications and data stores that contain sensitive, private information about patrons. Provisioning and maintenance of infrastructure for Web based digital library present several challenges. In this paper we discuss problems faced with digital library and development efforts to overcome that problem. Infrastructure virtualization and cloud computing are particularly attractive choices which is challenged by both growth in the size of the indexed document collection, new features and most prominently usage. With the purpose of applying Cloud Computing to university library, the paper describes the current status of user service models in university libraries. Then it proposed to improve current user service model with Cloud Computing. This paper explores some of the security issues surrounding data location, mobility and availability
Análisis de los beneficios fiscales familiares en el IRPF y propuesta de modificación en la Comunitat Valenciana
Authors: Abril Gisbert Andrés , Granell Pérez Rafael , Fuenmayor Fernández Amadeo
Published: March 2024

Las políticas en favor de las familias son intervenciones por parte de los poderes políticos que se realizan a través de ayudas directas y de beneficios fiscales. En cuanto a las ayudas directas, nuestros análisis se han centrado en dos grandes prestaciones: el IMV, de carácter estatal, y la Renta Valenciana de Inclusión, de carácter autonómico. Se analizan los beneficios fiscales relacionados con la familia en cada tipo de impuesto estatal. Pero nos enfocamos en el Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas: declaración conjunta, MPyF, deducciones autonómicas familiares y deducciones sobre la cuota diferencial (maternidad y familia numerosa). El objetivo de este trabajo es la identificación de los individuos que no perciben ni prestaciones ni beneficios fiscales familiares en el IRPF, proponiendo una reforma para que todos los individuos que cuentan con cargas familiares puedan disfrutar de ayudas. Se ha utilizado la muestra de microdatos de declarantes del IRPF correspondientes a las declaraciones del 2019 del IEF y de la AEAT para proponer las respectivas modificaciones del IRPF. Además de utilizar un conjunto de datos representativos sobre los distintos tipos de familias para observar cuando existe un hueco entre las prestaciones sociales y los beneficios del IRPF.
The Complexities of Managing a Multigenerational Academic Workforce in the South African Higher Education Sector
Authors: Makola Zamandlovu S , Mulaudzi Christopher M
Published: March 2024

This study examined the human resource management challenges faced by heads of departments in managing a multigenerational academic workforce in the South African higher education sector. A qualitative research approach was followed, and a multiple case study research design was applied. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 16 participants. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, and it was analysed thematically with the aid of Atlas.ti. The study revealed several challenges related to the management of a multigenerational academic workforce, namely, differences in career expectations, skills, and experience among generations; conflict management; implementation of plans and strategies; succession planning; and teamwork. The findings have implications for higher education institutions as different generations have varying expectations for career development. Human resource departments should establish clear and transparent career pathways to meet these expectations. The study also provides supporting evidence for the dimensions outlined in the framework for understanding generational identities in organisations. Exploring generational diversity in workplace relationships and interactions within the education context complements the existing research focused on pedagogical aspects and cultural characteristics in academic settings.
Studi Kapasitas Angkut Layanan Kapal Ferry Ro-Ro ( Studi Kasus Balikpapan â€“ Penajam )
Authors: Nur Ahmad Rahadian , Nugroho Setyo
Published: March 2024

Transportasi laut memainkan peran penting sebagai penghubung antar pulau, memungkinkan pergerakan barang dan penumpang antar pulau untuk pemerataan pembangunan. Kebijakan SE BPTD 2021 dirilis pada tahun 2021 mencakup aturan pemuatan baru di Terminal Ferry Kariangau, mengurangi persentase pemuatan kapal sebesar 50%. Ini karena kondisi layanan produksi turun 25% selama Covid-19. Dengan adanya kebijakan tersebut, terdapat batasan maksimal untuk proses loading di terminal Ferry Balikpapan-Penajam. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji, menganalisis dan mengevaluasi pemuatan penyeberangan secara lebih mendalam sesuai SE BPTD 2021. Metode yang diterapkan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dan simulasi dengan menggunakan konversi satuan kendaraan penumpang (SMP). Satuan Mobil Penumpang (SMP) merupakan konversi satuan kendaraan yang memiliki perbedaan karakteristik, pergerakan, dimensi, kecepatan serta pergerakan kendaraan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan kebijakan 50% pada proses pemuatan kapal menurunkan pendapatan dan jumlah kendaraan yang dimuat. Dimana permuatan maksimal kendaraan yang bisa dimuat yakni 4.508.000 kendaraan /tahun sedangkan pendapatan maksimal adalah Rp173.041.960.000/tahun dengan persentase BOR 63%.
Tanda Tangan Elektronik Menggunakan Laravel 9 : Pengembangan dan Evaluasi
Authors: Saputra Eka , Inan Dedi I. , Juita Ratna , Marini Lion F. , Suhendra Christian D. , Pangaribuan Bertha
Published: March 2024

Tanda Tangan Elektronik merupakan tanda tangan baik berupa cap tangan maupun simbol dalam bentuk digital. MI An-Nur Waraitama saat ini masih menggunakan penandatanganan bersifat manual untuk memverifikasi keaslian suatu dokumen. Penandatanganan dilakukan dengan menggunakan pulpen secara basah. Hal ini membutuhkan proses yang cukup panjang dan mudah untuk dimanipulasi, yang mana dapat menyebabkan keabsahan dari tanda tangan tersebut berkurang. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka di bangunlah sebuah pengembangan sistem tanda tangan elektronik yang tertuang dalam sebuah penelitian berjudul implementasi tanda tangan elektronik menggunakan QR Code. Sistem yang dirancang dengan menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML) dan dikembangkan dengan metode pengembangan sistem berbasis web Rapid Application Development (RAD) menggunakan framework Laravel. Sistem yang dibangun mencakup 3 (tiga) entitas yakni Admin, Tata Uasaha (TU) dan Penandatangan. Hasil akhir dari sistem ini adalah membantu pihak MI An-Nur Waraitama dalam meningkatkan pelayanan khususnya pada proses tanda tangan yang dilakukan secara elekronik. Hal ini juga membantu dalam menjaga keabsahan tanda tangan dan keaslian dokumen.
Epidemiological Pattern of Extracorporeal Methods in Acute Poisoning: A Five Year Study
Authors: Sarbaz Bardsiri Mohadeseh , Ramezani Maral , Shadnia Shahin , Rahimi Mitra
Published: March 2024

Background: The use of hemodialysis is a prevalent extracorporeal technique for managing the poisoning of certain patients.
Objectives: In this study, we examined the frequency of extracorporeal methods and the prognosis of using these methods in various poisonings.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Loghman Hakim hospital in Tehran between 2016 and 2020. The study investigated all patients who were hospitalized and underwent hemodialysis at the poisoning center. The study analyzed demographic data, clinical information, and certain laboratory findings from a sample size of 980 cases. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using SPSS 22.
Results: 793 (80/9%) males and 187 (19.1%) females were investigated. The mean age of the subjects was 36.5±14 years. Methanol consumption was the highest cause of poisoning (858 cases, 87.6%). Hemodialysis was the most widely used extracorporeal method (971 cases, 99.1%). The median number of hemodialysis was 1 times and the maximum was 18. The mortality rate was 13.3%. Metabolic acidosis was observed in 823 cases (84%). Acute kidney injury (AKI) was present in 536 cases (54.7%).
Conclusions: Although there have been some published studies and conferences on extracorporeal methods for treating poisonings, the lack of cases treated with these methods has resulted in weak evidence. To address this issue and provide more widely applicable data, studies like this can help to improve the treatment of poisoned patients.
Unorganized Politics: The Political Aftermath of Social Unrest in Chile
Authors: Nocetto Lihuen , Pérez-Bentancur Verónica , Piñeiro-Rodríguez Rafael , Rosenblatt Fernando
Published: March 2024

Extant theories posit that political conflict affords favorable circumstances for successful party building. However, crises do not necessarily engender the emergence of new parties with the capacity to integrate discontent. In this in-depth analysis of Chile, we show how lowering barriers
to entry inadvertently precluded the development of a national political organization. We describe the nature of new political actors who emerged from the cycle of protest that erupted in October 2019. Our analysis shows that the traits of the umbrellas of lists of independents conditioned
the ability of emerging actors to aggregate demands of different districts. The Chilean case illustrates how a cycle of protest can engender new, electorally successful political actors but does not assure these actors’ capacity to legitimate the political process.
Editorial
Authors: Lima Perci Cristina Klug
Published: March 2024

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The influence of strategic planning on the growth posture of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) within the infrastructure sector in eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Zuma Goodman Zwelihle
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the research was to examine whether there is a correlation between the use of strategic planning and the sustainable growth of Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The purpose was achieved through an empirical investigation that was based on a quantitative study and used a cross-sectional survey design to collect data from owners of 239 SMEs in the infrastructure sector. SMEs are a key factor in improving the growth posture of the South African economy. However, despite their significant socio-economic contribution, the failure rate among SMEs in South Africa remains significantly high. The challenges that are facing the SME sector cannot be ignored by any country that takes economic growth seriously, since SMEs are proven to be key in improving the growth posture of the country’s economy. The strategic planning process, which leads to the formation of a company's strategy, was one of the aspects examined in the study. The Study assesses the impact of strategic planning on the growth posture of small and medium-sized enterprises in the infrastructure sector in South Africa, eThekwini Municipality. The process of developing a strategic plan has been controversial in the literature due to the several perspectives offered by scholars. The main debate concerning the nature of the strategic planning process is about how the process should be approached, which stems from conflicting views concerning the strategic planning process, even though strategic planning is a widely adopted process in many organisations, as it is viewed as the activity that leads to the strategy’s success. The study’s findings prove that most small companies do not follow a strategic process to develop their strategies and for those which do not follow a structured strategic process experience low levels of business growth compared with those that follow a strategic process. These findings have an enormous potential to theoretically contribute to the research body while making practical contributions to governmental policymakers, future researchers, and small business owners. The managerial implications are that a strategic process for developing a firm strategy had a considerable favourable impact on the growth posture of such a firm regardless of business size or resources.
Complex use of fertilizers in the technology of oilseed flax in the conditions of the Central Non-Chernozem region
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Agrochemistry named after D.N. Pryanishnikov, Podlipnaya Anastasia
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of studies on the use of doses of mineral fertilizers in the agrocenoses of oilseed flax varieties Lirina and Uralsky. The experiments were conducted in the conditions of the Moscow region on sod-podzolic soils in 2022-2023. According to the results of field experiments, it was revealed that with the additional use of ammonium nitrate and CAS-32 in doses of N30, the yield index increased by 49.0-65.0% and 49.5-52.1%, respectively, relative to the control. The maximum yield of flax was obtained in a pilot version using doses of fertilizers N60P60K60 (complex fertilizers) + N30 (ammonium nitrate) + N30 (CAS-32), and amounted to 16.4-16.7 c/ha. Keywords: OILSEED FLAX, MOSCOW REGION, SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL, MINERAL NUTRITION, FERTILIZER DOSES, YIELD, OIL CONTENT
Hafızlığı Muhafaza Yöntemleri: Hafızlığı Muhafaza Edenler Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Taşkın Mine , Osmanoğlu Cemil
Published: March 2024

İslam eğitim geleneğinde önemli bir yaygın eğitim faaliyeti olan hafızlık, günümüzde de önemini korumaktadır. Bununla birlikte hafız olanların Kur’an ezberini ne ölçüde muhafaza edebildikleri önemli bir tartışma konusudur. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı hafızlığını ileri yaşlara kadar başarılı biçimde muhafaza etmiş kişilerin Kur’an ezberini muhafaza yöntemleri ile bu yöndeki çabalarının arkasında temel saikleri ortaya koymaktır. Durum çalışması deseni, kartopu örneklem tekniği ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla araştırmada 55 hafızın görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda çalışma grubunu oluşturan hafızların ezberini korurken en yaygın uygulama olarak, çoğunlukla günlük rutin tekrarlar yaptıkları görülmüştür. Ardından, yine katılımcıların sırasıyla özel tekrar programı uygulamak, meslek gereği ders dinlemeleri yapmak ve belirli zaman dilimlerinde okumak şeklinde uygulamalar yaptıkları anlaşılmıştır. Söz konusu hafızlara bu yöndeki çabalarının arkasındaki temel saikler sorulduğunda ise onların sırasıyla, hafızlığın değerine olan inançtan, Kur’an sevgisinden, aile ve hoca etkisinden, Ahiret inancı ve Allah sevgisinden söz ettikleri anlaşılmıştır. Yine bu kapsamda onlar yer yer sorumluluk gibi vicdani hislerden, hatimle namaz kıldırma gibi bir takım kişisel arzu ve uygulamalardan söz etmişlerdir.
Total Column Optical Depths Retrieved from CALIPSO Lidar Ocean Surface Backscatter
Authors: Ryan Robert A. , Vaughan Mark A. , Rodier Sharon D. , Tackett Jason L. , Reagan John A. , Ferrare Richard A. , Hair Johnathan W. , Getzewich Brian J.
Published: March 2024

Abstract. This paper introduces the new Ocean Derived Column Optical Depth (ODCOD) algorithm. ODCOD is now being used to retrieve column optical depths from the 532 nm measure­ments acquired by the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polari­zation (CALIOP) onboard the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) spacecraft. ODCOD retrieves total column optical depths using the lidar backscatter signal return from the ocean surface, together with collocated wind speed estimates from Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA‑2). An advantage of ODCOD retrievals is that the column optical depths include contributions from particulates throughout the entire column including regions with attenuated backscatter below the CALIOP layer detection thresholds. In contrast, the standard CALIOP processing only estimates optical depths for clouds and aerosols detected by the CALIOP layer detection scheme. In this paper we describe the ODCOD algorithm, develop uncertainty estimates, and characterize the ODCOD retrievals relative to existing datasets. The paper presents detailed comparisons of ODCOD retrievals to collocated measurements from Langley Research Center’s airborne high spectral resolution lidars (HSRL), daytime estimates derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro­radio­meter (MODIS), and daytime and nighttime optical depths estimates from the Synergized Optical Depth of Aerosols (SODA) algorithm. ODCOD aerosol-only optical depth estimates are higher compared to airborne HSRL measurements by 0.009 ± 0.043 (median ± median absolute deviation) or 6 % ± 27 % relative difference, lower than MODIS by ‑0.009 ± 0.041 (8.0 % ± 34 % relative difference), higher in the daytime than SODA by 0.004 ± 0.035 (12 % ± 34 % relative difference), and higher in the nighttime by 0.027 ± 0.034 (20 % ± 33 % relative difference). In addition to being a new method of retrieving column optical depth, ODCOD’s estimates are independent from the standard CALIOP optical depth retrieval algorithms and have potential for further advances in the CALIPSO data record both to validate CALIOP estimates and as a potential column constraint for future improvements to extinction retrievals.
Ice viscosity governs hydraulic fracture causing rapid drainage of supraglacial lakes
Authors: Hageman Tim , Mejía Jessica , Duddu Ravindra , Martínez-Pañeda Emilio
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Full thickness crevasses can transport water from the glacier surface to the bedrock where high water pressures can open kilometre-long cracks along the basal interface, which can accelerate glacier flow. We present a first computational modelling study that describes time-dependent fracture propagation in an idealised glacier causing rapid supraglacial lake drainage. A novel two-scale numerical method is developed to capture the elastic and viscoplastic deformations of ice along with crevasse propagation. The fluid-conserving thermo-hydro-mechanical model incorporates turbulent fluid flow and accounts for melting/refreezing in fractures. Applying this model to observational data from a 2008 rapid lake drainage event indicates that viscous deformation exerts a much stronger control on hydrofracture propagation compared to thermal effects. This finding contradicts the conventional assumption that elastic deformation is adequate to describe fracture propagation in glaciers over short timescales (minutes to several hours) and instead demonstrates that viscous deformation must be considered to reproduce observations of lake drainage rate and local ice surface elevation change. As supraglacial lakes continue expanding inland and as Greenland Ice Sheet temperatures become warmer than -8 °C, our results suggest rapid lake drainages are likely to occur without refreezing, which has implications for the rate of sea level rise.
DeepPhenoMem V1.0: Deep learning modelling of canopy greenness dynamics accounting for multi-variate meteorological memory effects on vegetation phenology
Authors: Liu Guohua , Migliavacca Mirco , Reimers Christian , Kraft Basil , Reichstein Markus , Richardson Andrew , Wingate Lisa , Delpierre Nicolas , Yang Hui , Winkler Alexander
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Vegetation phenology plays a key role in controlling the seasonality of ecosystem processes that modulate carbon, water and energy fluxes between biosphere and atmosphere. Accurate modelling of vegetation phenology in the interplay of Earth’s surface and the atmosphere is thus crucial to understand how the coupled system will respond to and shape climatic changes. Phenology is controlled by meteorological conditions at different time scales: on the one hand, changes in key meteorological variables (temperature, water, radiation) can have immediate effects on the vegetation development; on the other hand, phenological changes can be driven by past environmental conditions, known as memory effects. However, the processes governing meteorological memory effects on phenology are not completely understood, resulting in their limited performance of phenology simulated by land surface models. A deep learning model, specifically a long short-term memory network (LSTM), has the potential to capture and model the meteorological memory effects on vegetation phenology. Here, we apply the LSTM to model the vegetation phenology using meteorological drivers and canopy greenness at high temporal resolution collected taking advantage of digital repeat photography by the PhenoCam network. We compare a simple multiple linear regression model, a no-memory-effect, and a full-memory-effect LSTM model to predict the whole seasonal greenness trajectory and the corresponding phenological transition dates of 50 sites and 317 site-year during 2009–2018, across deciduous broadleaf forests, evergreen needleleaf forests and grasslands. The deep learning model outperforms the multiple linear regression model, and the full-memory-effect LSTM model performs better than no-memory-effect model for all three plant function types (median R2 of 0.878, 0.957, and 0.955 for broadleaf forests, evergreen needleleaf forests and grasslands) corroborating the benefits of deep learning approach and the importance of multi-variate meteorological memory effects in phenology modelling. We also find that the LSTM model is capable of predicting the seasonal dynamic variations of canopy greenness and reproducing trends in shifting phenological transition dates. We also performed a sensitivity analysis of the LSTM model to assess its plausibility, revealing its coherence with established knowledge of vegetation phenology sensitivity to meteorological conditions, particularly changes in temperature. Our study highlights that 1) multi-variate meteorological memory effects play a crucial role in vegetation phenology, and 2) deep learning opens up new avenues for improving the representation of vegetation phenological processes in land surface models via a hybrid modelling approach.
Quantifying the diurnal variation of atmospheric NO2 from observations of the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS)
Authors: Edwards David P. , Martínez-Alonso Sara , Jo Duseong S. , Ortega Ivan , Emmons Louisa K. , Orlando John J. , Worden Helen M. , Kim Jhoon , Lee Hanlim , Park Junsung , Hong Hyunkee
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) over Asia is the first geostationary Earth orbit instrument in the virtual constellation of sensors for atmospheric chemistry and composition air quality research and applications. For the first time, the hourly observations enable studies of diurnal variation of several important trace gas and aerosol pollutants including nitrogen dioxide (NO2) which is the focus of this work. NO2 is a regulated pollutant and an indicator of anthropogenic emissions in addition to being involved in tropospheric ozone chemistry and particulate matter formation. We present new quantitative measures of NO2 tropospheric column diurnal variation which can be greater than 50 % of the column amount especially in polluted environments. The NO2 distribution is seen to change hourly and can be quite different from what would be seen by a once-a-day low Earth orbit satellite observation. We use GEMS data in combination with TROPOMI satellite and Pandora ground-based remote sensing measurements and MUSICAv0 3D chemical transport model analysis to examine the NO2 diurnal variation in January and June 2023 over Northeast Asia and Seoul, South Korea, study regions to distinguish the different emissions, chemistry, and meteorological processes that drive the variation. Understanding the relative importance of these processes will be important for including pollutant diurnal variation in models aimed at determining true pollutant exposure levels for air quality studies. The work presented here also provides a path for investigating similar NO2 diurnal cycles in the new TEMPO data over North America, and later over Europe with S-4.
Distinct seasonal changes and precession forcing of surface and subsurface temperatures in the mid-latitudinal North Atlantic during the onset of the Late Pliocene
Authors: Pang Xiaolei , Voelker Antje Helga Luise , Lu Sihua , Ding Xuan
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The Late Pliocene marks the intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation, offering a unique opportunity to study climate evolution and ice-sheet related feedback mechanisms. In this study, we present high-resolution Mg/Ca-based sea surface (SST) and subsurface temperatures (SubT) derived from foraminiferal species Globigerinoides ruber and Globorotalia hirsuta, respectively, at the Integrated Ocean Drilling Project (IODP) Expedition 306 Site U1313 in the mid-latitudinal North Atlantic during the early Late Pliocene, 3.65 – 3.37 million years ago (Ma). We find distinct differences between our new G. ruber Mg/Ca-based SST record and previously published alkenone-based SST record from the same location. These discrepancies in both absolute values and variations highlight distinct seasonal influences. The G. ruber Mg/Ca-based SST data, reflecting summer temperatures, were primarily influenced by local summer insolation, showing a dominant precession cycle. Conversely, the variations in alkenone-based SST are found to be more indicative of cold season changes, despite previous interpretations of these records as reflecting annual mean temperatures. A simultaneous decline in Mg/Ca-based SST and SubT records from 3.65 to 3.5 Ma suggests a diminished poleward oceanic heat transport, implying a weakening of the North Atlantic Current. A comparison with early Pleistocene G. ruber Mg/Ca-based SST records shows a shift in the dominant climatic cycle from precession to obliquity, alongside a marked increase in amplitude, indicating an enhanced influence of obliquity cycles correlated with the expansion of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets.
Inverse modelling for surface methane flux estimation with 4DVar: impact of a computationally efficient representation of a non-diagonal B-matrix in INVICAT v4
Authors: Bannister Ross Noel , Wilson Chris
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Prior information is essential to most inverse problems and the surface ﬂux estimation problem is no exception. The uncertainties of the prior ﬁelds, and their inter-correlations, should ideally be reﬂected in the a-priori error covariance matrix, often called B. The B-matrix, is however, difﬁcult to quantify partly because it is typically a large matrix and partly because its numerical values are unknown. We present a highly efﬁcient method of representing the B-matrix to represent prior errors in the initial concentration and in the time sequence of surface ﬂuxes for the 4DVar-based inverse modelling system (INVICAT) used to estimate the surface ﬂuxes of methane. Our formulation is based on a spectral formulation of the square-root of B, which we believe has not been used in any such inverse modelling system before. It allows horizontal and vertical error correlations of the initial concentration, and horizontal and temporal error correlations of the ﬂux to be represented. We provide full mathematical details. Our scheme allows the various correlation components to be switched on/off and for the respective length and timescales to be set in a way that is much more computationally efﬁcient than representing such a B-matrix explicitly. We test 14 conﬁgurations of the B-matrix (including the diagonal conﬁguration) in a 100 day test assimilation of surface ﬂask measurements of methane. We measure the performance of each by comparing the analysis to unassimilated observations held back for evaluation purposes. We ﬁnd that the diagonal conﬁguration is amongst the poorest performing choices of B. The best performing choice uses the spectral method. It does not include correlations for the initial concentration ﬁeld, but does account for spatio-temporal correlations for the ﬂuxes. These have the form of a SOAR (second order auto-regressive) function with a correlation length-scale of 600 km and a timescale of 3 months. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, which is applicable to very high resolution inverse modelling systems. We propose that potential biases in the prior initial condition ﬁeld may be the reason for the poor performance when correlations in the prior initial concentration ﬁeld are used.
Quantifying the migration rate of drainage divides from high-resolution topographic data
Authors: Zhou Chao , Tan Xibin , Liu Yiduo , Shi Feng
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The lateral movement of drainage divides is co-influenced by tectonics, lithology, and climate and therefore archives a wealth of geologic and climatic information. It also has wide-ranging implications for topography, the sedimentary record, and biological evolution and thus has drawn much attention in recent years. Several methods have been proposed to determine drainage divides' migration state (direction and rate), including geochronological approaches (e.g., 10Be) and topography-based approaches (e.g., χ plots or Gilbert metrics). A key object in these methods is the channel head, which separates the hillslope and channel. However, due to the limited resolution of topography data, the required channel-head parameters in the calculation often cannot be determined accurately, and empirical values are used in the calculation, which may induce uncertainties. Here, we propose two methods to calculate the migration rate of drainage divides based on the relatively accurate channel-head parameters derived from high-resolution topographic data. We then apply the methods to an active rift shoulder (Wutai Shan) in the Shanxi Rift and a tectonically stable area (Yingwang Shan) in the Loess Plateau, to illustrate how to calculate drainage-divide migration rates. Our results show that the Wutai Shan drainage divide is migrating northwestward at a rate between 0.21 and 0.27 mm yr−1, whereas the migration rates at the Yingwang Shan are approximately zero. This study indicates that the drainage-divide stability can be determined more accurately using high-resolution topographic data. Furthermore, this study takes the cross-divide differences in the uplift rate of channel heads into account in the measurement of drainage-divide migration rate for the first time.
Monitoring the Satisfaction of Recipients of Public Services on the Example of the Samara Region
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Polyanskova Natal'ya , Simonova Marina ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: March 2024

В статье представлены результаты мониторинга удовлетворённости получателей социальных услуг в Самарской области по трём жизненным ситуациям: трудоустройство через Центр занятости населения, получение ежемесячной выплаты в связи с рождением или усыновлением первого ребёнка, получение первичной специализированной медико-санитарной помощи пациентам с заболеваниями сердечно-сосудистой системы. На основе общих подходов к методике расчёта ключевых показателей эффективности Агентства стратегических инициатив были разработаны структура и содержание проведения мониторинга. Это позволило выявить инсайты и расставить акценты, ретроспективно восстановить хронологию процесса получения услуги для внесения корректив, обеспечить репрезентативность мониторинга. По результатам опросов был определён социально-демографический портрет типичного получателя государственных услуг по всем трём жизненным ситуациям по полу, возрасту, месту проживания, уровню дохода, выявлены различия в зависимости от места проживания и типа жизненной ситуации. Определены источники информации об услугах профильных государственных учреждений, выявлена потребность в большей цифровизации процесса информирования и получения государственных услуг. Получателями государственных услуг было определено, насколько легко или трудно было получить услугу, оценено время ожидания при получении услуги, которое имеет разброс оценок, но они всё же достаточно высокие по всем трём жизненным ситуациям. Наиболее значимыми аспектами удовлетворённости получения государственных услуг респондентами были названы профессионализм, доброжелательность и время ожидания услуги, что было достаточно ожидаемо, однако оценки по жизненным ситуациям существенно отличались. Было выявлено, что степень удовлетворённости от аспектов в большей степени зависит не от жизненной ситуации, а от места получения услуги, что характеризует локальность проблем и зависимость удовлетворённости получателей услуг от организации процесса получения услуги в конкретном государственном учреждении. Ключевые показатели эффективности были рассчитаны по каждой жизненной ситуации по индексу клиентских усилий, индексу клиентской удовлетворённости и показателю клиентской лояльности в динамике по всем этапам исследования и в сравнении с целевыми показателями для региона.
LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE ARTISTIC TEXT: HISTORY, METHODOLOGY AND RESEARCH METHODS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi, Musulmanova Nargiza
Published: March 2024

This article will talk about the linguistic analysis of the artistic text: history, methodology and research methods. In Uzbek linguistics, the study of the language and style of works of art, as in World linguistics, is the central problem of many studies. Linguistic analysis, which applies to any text, takes two stages (levels) into its composition, namely semantic and metasemiotic. In the semantic stage, Language units (word, vocabu-lary, syntactic construction) are studied in their own sense of atash, that is, semantic. And in the metasemiotic stage, the stages of the transition from the meaning of language units to the study of their functions in an artistic text are studied. In this second stage, it is precisely the role of grammati-cal means that becomes very significant, and the thoughts that the author wants to express are made real by garmmatic means. Now, in addition to the lexical meaning of the word, the grammatical meaning is also the main weapon in the expression of thought. The article also comments on the methods of linguopoetic research, analysis of several Russian scientists have been made and reacted to them. The mutual integration of language and literature is the basis for the emergence of this field, and many exam-ples in it have been drawn into analysis.
Role of Strategic Marketing on Competitive Advantage for E-Commerce Business in India: An Empirical Study
Authors: Dr. Kamlesh Babu Gautam Dr. Krishna Kumar Verma, Dr. Jyoti Kumari Mishra, , Kumar Dr. Manish
Published: March 2024

Strategic competitive strategy equips executives with practical knowledge, new skills, and tools to translate strategic ideas into actionable plans. Within strategic research, competitive research focuses on gathering information about rival firms, a crucial approach to assess their activities and potential threats to financial strength. Despite the rapid development of electronic commerce, many e-commerce businesses are still in the investment and brand-building phase, struggling to show a profit. Strategic marketing plays a pivotal role in attaining organizational goals and objectives, aiding in the identification and implementation of new opportunities. The decisions made by management can make significant effect on the performance of e-commerce businesses in India. Strategic marketing management is a defined as a process that involves identifying company goals, creating effective strategies, and implementing them to achieve those goals. A sample of 233 respondents was collected from people working in e-commerce businesses in India. The variables that identify the role of Strategic Marketing on Competitive Advantage for E-Commerce Business in India are Innovation and Adaptability, Brand and Market Positioning, Customer Segmentation, and Competitive Pricing and Promotions.
Ethical Considerations in AI-Driven User Interfaces
Authors: Pranav Dixit Prashant S. Acharya, Dr. Tripti Sahu,
Published: March 2024

The integration of AI into user interfaces (UIs) has propelled technological advancements, enabling personalized experiences and improved efficiency. However, the ethical implications of AI-driven UIs cannot be overlooked. This research paper will analyze the ethical considerations regarding- transparency, accountability, fairness, privacy, and user consent. By exploring potential risks and challenges, we can advocate for the implementation of ethical design principles, regulatory frameworks, and user education initiatives. Through case studies and future directions, this paper highlights the importance of responsible and ethical AI UI development.

The following questions and topics will be covered in this research paper-

What is AI?

Current capabilities and future scope of AI in User interfaces

Where is AI being currently used?

Concerns, Risks regarding AI

Potential solutions, Creating Ethical principles

How can AI be used ethically in UI design?

Real-life examples
Pathways to IEC Standards for Heliostat Design Qualification and Site Acceptance in Central Receiver CSP Applications
Authors: Tsvankin Daniel , Muller Matthew
Published: March 2024

This paper surveys the existing landscape of standards relevant to heliostats, identifies their gaps, and proposes a path forward to a comprehensive set of heliostat guidelines, technical specifications, and standards under the framework of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) TC 117. Gaps in existing guidelines and standards are surveyed using a three-tiered taxonomy: component-level, heliostat-level, and field-level. At each level, the gap analysis is followed by a proposal for a coordinated path forward on the development of standards. At the component level, advances in the understanding of wind loading should inform a technical specification for drives and structures. Reflectors require consolidation of measurement guidelines into existing standards documents. Communications & controls require technical standards to inform their selection and secure implementation. At the heliostat level, IEC 62817 (solar trackers) adequately characterizes drive systems, structures, and electronics, but requires adaptation to heliostats’ use patterns, operating modes, and expected life cycles. IEC 62817 does not address heliostat beam quality and pointing accuracy, but the process for determining both is elaborated in the SolarPACES Guideline for Heliostat Performance Testing.  This SolarPACES document requires two main modifications: adaptation to IEC language and inclusion of testing after heliostats which have undergone accelerated weathering and mechanical cycling (to understand performance degradation). At the field level, IEC 62862-4-2 addresses the function and control of heliostat fields but does not cover the statistically rigorous testing of heliostat groups, or field performance factors like security and soiling. The addition of documents under IEC-62862-4 is proposed to address this gap.
Extinction risk of reef corals, past and present
Authors: Kiessling Wolfgang
Published: March 2024

Coral reefs are under increasing pressure from direct human impacts and human-induced climate change. Reef corals are also thought to be at elevated extinction risk but estimates vary profoundly among studies. Works that use lost reef area as a proxy of coral population reduction tend to estimate high extinction risk, whereas approaches using estimates of coral population sizes advocate low extinction risk.
The fossil record contributes to this discussion that (i) reef corals have low intrinsic extinction risk, (ii) the loss of reef area is a poor predictor of coral extinction rates, and (iii) reef coral extinction pulses were usually triggered by episodes of profound global warming. Taken together, the deep-time observations support that the current reef crisis is unlikely be develop into a coral mass extinction in the next century of so. In addition, the Red List categorization of reef coral conservation status does not align well with empirical extinctions of the near-time past.