bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Removal of Fe3+ ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption on natural eco-friendly Brazilian palygorskites
Authors: Middea Antonieta , Ferreira Luciana Spinelli , Junior Fernando Gomes  de Souza Junior de Souza , Fernandes Thais de Lima Alves Pinheiro , de Lima Luiz Carlos , Barthem Vitoria Maria Tupinamba Souza , Gomes Otávio da Fonseca Martins , Neumann Reiner
Published: December 2023

This work focuses on the characterization of five palygorskite clays from the Brazilian state of Piaui and their feasibility as eco-friendly adsorbents for the removal of Fe3+ ions from aqueous solutions. For characterization, we applied the techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), size distribution measurements, density measurement by He pycnometry, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA), zeta potential measurement, hydrophobicity determination by contact angle, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis (BET technique) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Batch experiments were performed in function of process parameters such as contact time and initial concentration of Fe3+. The natural palygorskites (Palys) had excellent performance for the removal of Fe3+ from aqueous solutions by adsorption (around 60 mg/g), and the Langmuir model best fitted the experimental data.
Study on mechanism of action of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in treating osteoporosis: Network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking verification
Authors: luo xinlei , Liu JingJing , wang xiaoxi , Chen Qiaojun , lei yanfa , he zewei , wang xiaowei , ye yan , Na Qiang , lao changtao , Yang Zhengchang
Published: December 2023

Objective Buyang Huanwu Decoction is a classic Chinese medicine, which is often used to prevent and treat stroke. Studies have shown that it has a significant effect on cerebral ischemia, atherosclerosis, spinal cord injury and other diseases. In recent years, some scholars have begun to use it for the treatment of osteoporosis, and have achieved remarkable results. However, its mechanism on osteoporosis has not been explored so far. Therefore, this study will use network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking methods to predict its mechanism, so as to provide reference for future research.
Methods Related active ingredients and targets of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were collected through TCMSP database, and related disease targets of osteoporosis were collected through GeneCards, OMIM and DisGeNET database. Venny 2.1.0 software was used to obtain the intersection target genes of Buyang Huanwu decoction and osteoporosis. Cytoscape 3.9.0 software was used to construct PPI network and select core targets.Metascape database was used to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of related targets. Finally, the main active ingredients and key targets were verified by molecular docking.
Results There were 166 potential targets of Buyang Huanwu decoction in the treatment of osteoporosis, including 42 core targets. The signaling Pathways mainly include pathways in cancer, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Chemical carcinogenesis receptor activation, Relaxin signaling pathway, Proteoglycans in cancer, etc. Molecular docking results showed that the main active components of Buyang Huanwu decoction had stable binding activity with key targets.
Conclusions Buyang Huanwu Decoction can improve bone mineral density and delay the progression of osteoporosis through multiple targets and signaling pathways.
A Mathematical Review of a Dynamical Growth Model With Endogenous Savings and Subsistence Consumption
Authors: Benites-Soria Thales Luis
Published: December 2023

We provide formal mathematical support for an endogenous saving rate extension, as suggested by King and Rebelo in a Solow-Swan model context. The saving rates st are determined by the workers’ decisions through a Stone-Geary utility function over subsistence income ψ and livelihood consumption ˜c. This endogenous saving rate gives rise to two critical points: one lower equilibrium kψ analogous to a poverty trap and a higher long-term equilibrium k∗. The lower equilibrium is repulsive and unstable, and the higher equilibrium is proven to be unique and stable.
Tick acetylcholinesterases mediate the repellent effect of cinnamaldehyde, a primary compound found in cinnamon oil
Authors: kuang Ceyan , Cao Jie , Zhou Yongzhi , Zhang Houshuang , Wang Yannan , Zhou Jinlin
Published: December 2023

Background The control and prevention of ticks and tick-borne diseases relies on chemical insecticides and repellents. Plant-derived compounds potentially represent new and safer repellents. Cinnamaldehyde, a component of cinnamon oil, exhibits antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, acaricidal and repellent activity against ticks. Here we studied the molecular mechanism of the repellent effects of cinnamaldehyde on ticks. Methods Assessment of cinnamaldehyde as a tick repellent was conducted using a Y-tube olfactometer, transcriptomics and metabolomic analyses. Nymphs were exposed to cinnamaldehyde for 30 min, and the tick acetylcholinesterase (AchE) family was cloned and characterized. The role of AchE in cinnamaldehyde repellency was elucidated through the specific activity of the enzyme, electrophysiology, RNA interference and repellency tests. Results A 2% cinnamaldehyde treatment resulted in more than 90% nymph repellency within 6 h. Nymphs were exposed to cinnamaldehyde for 30 min, and subsequent transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed the involvement of AchE in the response process. The HL-AchE family was cloned and functionally explored. AchE was transcribed in all tick developmental stages and tissues. Following cinnamaldehyde treatment, the transcript and protein levels of AchE were altered, and the specific activity of the enzyme significantly increased. RNAi was used to validate these findings. Following RNAi, electroantennography (EAG) tests demonstrated a significant decrease in response to various repellents as well as a significant decrease in repellency. Conclusions AchE mediates cinnamaldehyde-induced tick repellency, and the results provide insights into the mechanism of plant-derived tick repellents.
Optimized protoplast isolation and transfection with a breakpoint: Accelerating Cas9/sgRNA cleavage efficiency validation in monocot and dicot
Authors: Panda Debasmita , Karmakar Subhasis , Dash Manaswini , Tripathy Swagat Kumar , Das Priya , Banerjee Sagar , Qi Yiping , Samantaray Sanghamitra , Mohapatra Pradipta Kumar , Baig Mirza J , Molla Kutubuddin A.
Published: December 2023

The CRISPR-Cas genome editing tools are revolutionizing agriculture and basic biology with their simplicity and ability to modify target genomic loci precisely. Software-predicted guide RNAs (gRNAs) often fail to induce efficient cleavage at target loci. Many target loci are inaccessible due to complex chromatin structure. Currently, there is no suitable tool available to predict the architecture of genomic target sites and their accessibility. Hence, significant time and resources are spent on performing editing experiments with inefficient guides. Although in vitro-cleavage assay could provide a rough assessment of gRNA efficiency, it largely excludes the interference of native genomic context. Transient in-vivo testing gives a proper assessment of the cleavage ability of editing reagents in a native genomic context. Here, we developed a modified protocol that offers highly efficient protoplast isolation from rice, Arabidopsis, and chickpea using a sucrose gradient, transfection using PEG (polyethylene glycol), and validation of single guide RNAs (sgRNAs)’ cleavage efficiency of CRISPR-Cas9. We have optimized various parameters for PEG-mediated protoplast transfection and achieved high transfection efficiency using our protocol in both monocots and dicots. We introduced plasmid vectors containing Cas9 and sgRNAs targeting genes in rice, Arabidopsis, and Chickpea protoplasts. Using dual sgRNAs, our CRISPR-deletion strategy offers straightforward detection of genome editing success by simple agarose gel electrophoresis. Sanger sequencing of PCR products confirmed the editing efficiency of specific sgRNAs. Notably, we demonstrated that the isolated protoplast can be stored for up to 24/48 hours with little loss of viability, allowing researchers to take a pause between isolation and transfection. This high-efficiency protocol for protoplast isolation and transfection enables rapid (less than 7 days) validation of sgRNA cleavage efficiency before proceeding with stable transformation. The isolation and transfection method can also be utilized for rapid validation of editing strategies, evaluating diverse editing reagents, regenerating plants from transfected protoplasts, gene expression studies, protein localization and functional analysis, and other applications.
Screening of medicinal insects from Burkina Faso with potential antibacterial activity against pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: OUANGO Mamadou , CISSE Hama , DRABO Samuel Fogné , ROMBA Rahim , SEMDE Rasmané , SAVADOGO Aly , GNANKINE Olivier
Published: December 2023

Background Insects and their products are used to treat various pathologies, particularly in traditional medicine. This treatment is performed empirically. Currently, the antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms is growing exponentially. To deal with this situation, it is essential to find other sources of bioactive molecules. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of aqueous extracts of medicinal insects against Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. A total of thirteen aqueous extracts of medicinal insects at different stages of development were tested on seven Gram-positive pathogenic strains. Antibacterial activity of insect extracts was tested using the sol inhibition diameter medium diffusion method. Imipenem was used as the reference antibiotic. The inhibition was revealed by the appearance of clear rings around the discs. XLSTAT 2019 and R 4.2.1 software were used for data analysis.
Results Extraction yields varied from one insect to another. All aqueous insect extracts exhibited inhibitory activity against the different pathogenic strains tested. Inhibition diameters varied from one bacterial strain to another and from one extract to another. The largest inhibition diameter reported was 22.5±0.5mm with Acheta domesticus extract against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. The lowest diameter of 8.5±0.5mm against Clostridium sporogenes MAR03 19404 has been reported with Cirina butyrospermi extract. All of these bacterial were susceptible to imipenem. The highest bacterial multidrug resistance index was 0.69, reported with Staphylococcus saprophyticus 652615, and the lowest was 0.23, reported with Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124.
Conclusion This study revealed the antibacterial activity of insect extracts used by traditional health practitioners to treat their patients. Entomotherapeutic could be an alternative for treating bacterial pathologies, particularly those related to multi-resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
Coming-of-Age in Videospielen
Authors: Zelling Wendy
Published: December 2023

[English title and abstract below]

Obwohl Videospiele lange Zeit als der Inbegriff eines jugendkulturellen Mediums galten, scheint die Adoleszenz als Sujet erst durch das Erwachsenwerden der Durchschnittsspieler:innen in virtuellen Welten anzukommen. Diese veränderte soziokulturelle Wahrnehmung des Mediums sowie die gewachsenen Ansprüche des gealterten Kernpublikums begründen mit dem technischen Fortschritt die jüngst angestoßene intermediale Adaption des Coming-of-Age-Genres im Videospiel. Jedoch existieren schon vor der Herausbildung des Genres der Adolescent Games mit seinen facettenreichen Spielarten einige kreative Verhandlungsweisen der Individuation, die sich der Thematik im Rahmen ihrer gegenwärtigen Möglichkeiten annehmen. Um sich den verschiedenen Genreausprägungen der Adolescent Games sowie ihrer Vorgänger holistisch zu nähern, widmet sich der vorliegende Beitrag eingangs grundlegenden Genrediskussionen der Games Studies, die aufgrund der inhärenten Wandelbarkeit des interaktiven Mediums oftmals als ‚unmögliches Unterfangen‘ gelten. 

Coming-of-Age in Video Games Thoughts on Adolescent Games as a Genre 

Even though video games have been regarded as the medial epitome of youth culture, coming-of-age has only recently become a more frequently explored topic in virtual worlds, ultimately leading to the intermedial adaptation of the coming-of-age-genre in video games. Reasons for this development can be traced to several factors, such as changes in the socio-cultural perception of the medium, new demands of a matured core audience, as well as ongoing technical advances. However, well before the formation of the genre of adolescent games and its multifaceted variants in terms of play, there were already various ludonarrative ways to explore the topic of individuation within the current limits of the medium. In order to holistically approach the various forms of adolescent games as well as their predecessors, this article initially outlines the current genre discussions in Games Studies, often regarded as an impossible endeavour due to the inherent transformability of the interactive medium.
Dialog mit der Stille
Authors: Staskewitsch Lena
Published: December 2023

[English title and abstract below]

Kinder- und jugendliterarische Annäherungen an den Holocaust, insbesondere die Thematik des Genozids an der jüdischen Minderheit, stehen in einem Spannungsfeld aus Intentionen der (Ver-)Schonung kindlicher Rezipient:innen und Gefahren der Bagatellisierung des Gegenstandes, aus didaktischen Zielsetzungen der Vermittlung historischer Begebenheiten sowie Forderungen nach literarästhetischen Zugängen. In diesem Kontext lässt sich Stille im kinderliterarischen Medium neu perspektivieren: Unter Voraussetzung ihrer textuellen Markierung und Anlegung, ihres Framings, etabliert sich Stille als Möglichkeit der Annäherung an die grausamsten Aspekte des Holocaust in Form impliziter Darstellung. “Silence as a means of representation in itself,” um Joanne Pettitt zu zitieren, wird im Folgenden als Auslöser einer gewissen Resonanz etabliert, die den Impuls für eine im Text begründete Dialogizität bildet und das Wechselspiel aus Nähe und Distanz sowie die Involvierung der Rezipient:innen zu regulieren intendiert. 

 

Dialogue with Silence The Holocaust in Children’s and Young Adult Literature 

Approaches to representing the Holocaust in children’s and young adult literature, especially in works that address the genocide of the Jewish minority, exist in a tension between wanting to spare child readers from the atrocities of the subject matter and the risk of trivialising it, between the didactic goals of conveying historical events and the literary aesthetic-driven approaches. In this context, the function of silence in children’s literature can be repositioned. Presupposing its textual framing, silence establishes itself as a means of approaching the grimmest aspects of the Holocaust in the form of implicit representation. „Silence as a means of representation in itself,” to cite Joanne Pettitt, is seen as triggering a particular resonance that forms the impulse for dialogue grounded in the text, and which aims to regulate the interplay of proximity and distance and the involvement of the readers.
Epidemics as a Reason for Studying the Region: V.I. Isaev's 1901 Expedition to Astrakhan Province
Authors: Афанасьева А.Э.
Published: December 2023

В статье рассматриваются организация и содержание масштабной экспедиции 1901 года под руководством В.И. Исаева в Букеевскую орду Астраханской губернии. Результатом подробного обследования степи, вызванного необходимостью объяснить появление чумных вспышек, стало не только изменение представлений об эпидемиологии чумы в европейской России, но и создание целого корпуса нового знания о географии и этнографии степи.

The article looks at the organisation and materials of a large-scale expedition of 1901 led by V.I. Isaev to the Bukeevskaya Horde of Astrakhan province. The detailed survey of the steppe, inspired by the need to explain plague outbreaks, resulted not only in the change of ideas about the epidemiology of plague in European Russia, but also in the production of a whole body of new knowledge about the geography and ethnography of the steppe.
Trebizond Expeditions of F.I. Uspensky: a Brief Overview of Research
Authors: Цыпкина А.Г.
Published: December 2023

Статья представляет собой краткий обзор исследований Трапезундских экспедиций Ф.И. Успенского 1916 и 1917 гг. с результатами описания рукописей и проведения археологических раскопок. Характеризуются особенности и трудности работы, а также организации экспедиции в прифронтовой полосе периода Первой мировой войны. В статье рассказано об основных задачах, которые ставили перед собой русские учёные, и результатах. Показывается роль экспедиций Ф.И. Успенского в исследовании Трапезунда и перечисляется потерянный экспедицией материал.

The article represents a brief overview of the Trebizond expeditions research carried out by the lead of Russian historian and byzantinist F.I. Uspensky in 1916 and 1917. The results of descriptions of manuscripts and archaeological excavations are listed. The difficulties of the work, as well as the organization of the expedition in the front line during the First World War, are characterized. The article describes the main tasks that Russian scholars set for themselves, their falls and success. The role of F.I. Uspensky’s expeditions in the context of Trebizond research is shown. The lists of the material lost by the expedition is presented.
“Science was his passion”: emotive code of memories about English botanist Joseph Banks (1743–1820)
Authors: Шипицына Ю.С.
Published: December 2023

Английский ботаник Джозеф Бэнкс (1743–1820), по воспоминаниям современников и потомков, выделялся своим темпераментом на фоне других ученых. Оригинальные паттерны поведения позволили добиться признания и достичь вершины академической карьеры в Британии – занять пост президента Лондонского королевского общества. Статья представляет результаты исследования комплекса некрологов и воспоминаний, опубликованных в столетнюю годовщину смерти Бэнкса. Анализ текстов на предмет эмотивных категорий, описывающих характер Бэнкса, показывает, что особое внимание авторы обращают на энтузиазм ученого. Страстная увлеченность, душевный подъем, азарт, любовь и другие субъективные переживания, свойственные Бэнксу, встречают одобрение, а сам он становится примером для подражания. Случай Бэнкса показывает, что подобные проявления субъективности, порицаемые еще в XVII – начале XVIII века, в более позднее время становятся важнейшей составляющей образа ученого. Неординарная личность Бэнкса оказала влияние на формирование образа ученого в английской науке XIX века.

English botanist Joseph Banks, according to contemporaries’ and successions’ memoirs, had been distinguished by his temperament among other scientists. Original patterns led him gain recognition and pinnacle of academic career in Britain – the position of president of the Royal Society of London. The article submits the results of research of obituaries and memories, published in the 100-years death anniversary of J. Banks. The analysis of texts’ emotive categories, describing Banks’s character, shows that the special attention was paid to enthusiasm of scientist. Passion, inspiration, ardor, love and other subjective feelings, typical for Banks, met with approval and Banks became a role model in the end of 18th – beginning of 20th c. The case of Banks suggests such manifestation of subjectivity, blamed in the 17th -18thcс., in more late time emerge as one of the most important part of scientist’ image. Outstanding personality of Banks, as the author’s opinion, influenced on making an image of scientist in the English science.
«Freed from the Camp Did Not Mean Liberated from the Camp»: Artistic Creativity as a Method of Living Through Traumatic Events
Authors: Подледнов Д.Д. , Казанцева Е.Д.
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена взаимосвязи биографии и творчества Евфросинии Керсновской – писательницы, художницы–аутсайдера, заключенной ГУЛАГа. Согласно концепции постпамяти (М. Хирш), Е. Керсновская принадлежит к числу «первого» поколения – тех лиц, при жизни которых происходили травмирующие события истории: в данном случае, кардинальное ужесточение политического фона, а также создание системы ГУЛАГа. После освобождения Керсновская написала мемуары, сопроводив их визуальным нарративным рядом. Авторы статьи с помощью формально–стилистического и семиотических методов предприняли попытку проанализировать визуальный язык художницы и выявить особенности сюжетной линии мемуаров, раскрывающие специфику культуры ГУЛАГа. Хронологически выстроенный рассказ и авторское деление мемуаров на тетради и главы позволяет последующим поколениям («второе» и «третье» поколение после очевидцев) «пройти» путь Евфросинии Керсновской – от помещицы до заключенной ГУЛАГа. В случае Керсновской и некоторых других художников-заключенных, художественное творчество и создание мемуаров оказывало терапевтический эффект и способствовало безопасному «повторению», проживанию и преодолению индивидуальной психотравмирующей ситуации.

The article is devoted to the relationship between the biography and work of Euphrosyne Kersnovskaya who was a writer, an outsider artist, and a prisoner of the Gulag. In accordance with the concept of post-memory proposed by Marianne Hirsch, the figure of Kers-novskaya belongs to the "first" generation – the individuals and traumatic events of history and social catastrophes took place during the lifetime (a radical tightening of the political background in the USSR, as well as the creation and development of the Gulag system). After her release Kersnovskaya wrote her memoirs, accompanied by a visual narrative series. The authors, using formal-stylistic and semiotic methods, attempted to analyze the visual language of the artist, as well as to identify the key features of the storyline of the memoirs, which reveal the specifics of the GULAG culture. The chronologically structured story and the author's division of memoirs into notebooks and chapters allows subsequent generations (the "second" and "third" generation after eyewitnesses) to "pass" the path of Kersnovskaya – from a landowner to a prisoner of the Gulag. According to the case of Euphrosyne Kersnovskaya, as well as some other imprisoned artists, it can be argued that artistic creation and the creation of memoirs had a therapeutic effect and contributed to the safe “repetition”, living, and overcoming an individual psychotraumatic situation.
On the Background of the Marble Palace: Portraits of the First Soviet Cultural Historians
Authors: Сыченкова Л.А.
Published: December 2023

В рецензии анализируется коллективная монография «Отцы-основатели РАИМК: их жизненный путь и вклад в науку» (Науч. ред.-сост. В.А. Горончаровский. СПб.: ИИМК РАН. 2022. 872 с.). Собранные в одной книге творческие портреты 48 советских историков культуры, археологов, искусствоведов, музеологов позволяют преодолеть, закрепившиеся за десятилетия в историографии наслоения легенд, вымыслов, необоснованных обвинений и преувеличенной канонизации, по-новому оценить уникальный опыт институционального центра гуманитарного знания в контексте сложного социокультурного пространства 1920–1930-х гг.

The review analyses the collective monograph "The Founding Fathers of the RAIMK: Their Life and Contribution to Science" (Editor-in-Chief. V.A. Goroncharovsky. SPb: IIMC RAS. 2022. 872 p.). The creative portraits of 48 brilliant Soviet cultural historians, archaeologists, art historians and museologists collected in one book allow us to overcome the legends, fabrications, unfounded accusations, and exaggerated canonisation which became entrenched in historiography over decades, to evaluate anew the unique experience of institutional centre of humanitarian knowledge in the context of complex socio-cultural space of 1920–1930s.
The Apology for the Forgotten Emperor
Authors: Ведешкин М.А.
Published: December 2023

В статье представлена рецензия на монографию Я.В. Драйверса The Forgotten Reign of the Emperor Jovian (363–364): History and Fiction. Отмечается методологическая новизна подхода автора и противоречивость некоторых суждений и выводов.

This article presents a review of The Forgotten Reign of the Emperor Jovian(363–364): History and Fiction by J.W. Drijvers. It emphasizes both the methodological novelty of his approaches and the controversial nature of some of his judgments and conclusions.
Human and Animals in the High Middle Ages Culture: about "The Animal Turn of the Thirteenth Century..." by N. Harris
Authors: Грозов С.С.
Published: December 2023

Рецензия посвящена монографии Н. Харриса, который предложил концепцию «анималистического поворота» XIII в., выразившегося в изменении взглядов на животный мир, практик изучения и взаимодействия с животными. На основе широкого круга разножанровых источников Харрис исследовал влияние трудов Аристотеля на последующую энциклопедическую традицию, роль образов животных для конструирования аристократической идентичности и подвижность границы между животным и человеком в представлениях разных групп средневекового общества.

This review discusses N. Harris's monograph, exploring the concept of the "animal turn" in the 13th c., expressed in the changing views of the animal world, practices of studying and interacting with animals. Based on a wide range of sources, the author examines the influence of Aristotle's works on subsequent encyclopaedic traditions, the role of animal imagery in constructing aristocratic identity, and the fluidity of the boundary between animal and human in the perceptions of different groups in medieval society. The critical analysis of Harris' work involves aт examination of the main propositions of the monograph by chapter, a demonstration of the strengths and fragilities of the author's concept.
Epoch-Makers in Intellectual History: Pyotr Tchaadaev and the Bengal Renaissance Thinkers
Authors: Скороходова Т.Г.
Published: December 2023

Автор сопоставляет П.Я. Чаадаева и мыслителей Бенгальского Возрождения в свете особой роли, сыгранной ими в интеллектуальной истории их стран в контексте модернизационных трансформаций России и Индии XIX века. Их сходство определяется в терминах М. Бубера как родство «проблематичных мыслителей» и их «философий кризиса». Мыслители ощутили трансформирующийся характер своего времени, осмыслили его как кризис в социальной, культурной и моральной областях и стали основателями философии кризиса. Последняя понимается как условный комплекс вопросов и ответов, обозначающих векторы мысли и её проблемные поля. Как П. Ча-адаев, так и бенгальские интеллектуалы поднимали вопросы о духовном, моральном и социальном состоянии обществ, о подлинной сути религии, о традициях, истории, социальном устройстве и цивилизационном облике своих стран, о путях и методах возрождения народа в сложившейся ситуации. Появление философий кризиса проблематизирует сознание российского и индийского обществ и порождает эпохи. П. Чаадаев положил начало эпохе религиозной и социальной мысли, решающей фун-даментальные проблемы бытия народа и российского общества в мире. Бенгальские мыслители от Раммохана Рая до Рабиндраната Тагора, анализируя проблемы бытия Индии в мире и в истории, создали эпоху национально-культурного ренессанса.

The article compares P.Y. Tchaadaev and the thinkers of the Bengal Renaissance in the light of the role they played in the intellectual history of their countries in the context of the modernizing transformations of Nineteenth-century Russia and India. The typological similarities are defined in terms of M. Buber's "problematic thinkers" and "philosophy of crisis". The thinkers perceived the transforming nature of their time, conceived it as a social, cultural, and moral crisis, and became the founders of a philosophy of crisis. The latter is understood as a conventional complex of questions and answers denoting the vectors of thought and its problematic fields. Both Pyotr Tchaadaev and Bengal intellectuals raised questions about the spiritual, moral, and social state of society, the true essence of religion, about traditions, history, social structure and civilizational image of their countries, about the ways and methods of revival of the people in their present situation. The emergence of the philosophy of crisis problematized the consciousness of Russian and Indian societies and gave rise to epochs in intellectual history. P. Tchaadaev ushered in the epoch of religious and social thought that addressed the fundamental problems of existence of the people and Russian society in the world. Bengal thinkers from Rammohun Roy to Rabindranath Tagore, analyzing the many problems of India’s being in the world and in history, created the epoch of national-cultural renaissance.
Assessment of Educational Potentiality of Central and Southern States of India Using a New Composite Education Index (CEI)
Authors: Raha Shrinwantu , Gayen Shasanka Kumar
Published: December 2023

The present research was aimed to evaluate the educational potentiality of southern states of India using a new innovative Composite Education Index (CEI). An integrated seven step procedure was followed for the calculations of CEI. After preparing a composite hierarchical structure using two parameters, ten criteria and twelve indicators, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and weighted sum technique were applied to get the CEI. The lowest category of CEI was marked with 20.573% area, the low category with 27.817% area, the moderate category with 20.771% area and the highest category were marked with 30.839% area of the study region. Further, the CEI was compared with School Education Quality Index (SEQI) and a high R-square value of 97.3% was obtained. Therefore, the CEI can be utilized to measure educational potentialities without hesitation. A large number of indicators are merged in this index, and it is flexible and easy to implement in any region.
Borreliosis as the cause of an acute symptomatic epileptic seizure in an inpatient patient: a clinical case
Authors: Zhulin Nikolay V. , Kuandykova Marina V. , Astakhova Olesya I.
Published: December 2023

Lyme disease (borreliosis) is a multisystem inflammatory infectious disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted to humans transmissively through the bite of a tick of the ixodic group. Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne infectious disease in Europe. Depending on the time interval from the moment of the tick bite and before the development of clinical symptoms, both early and delayed symptoms are characteristic of borreliosis. Neurological manifestations (neuroborreliosis) occur in 3-15% of cases of infection with borreliosis [1] and, depending on the level of damage to the nervous system, they can manifest themselves in the form of polyradiculitis, meningitis and encephalitis. Neuroborreliosis is also characterized by both early (acute) and delayed clinical manifestations. Often, even after cured borreliosis, residual symptoms in the neurological status may persist. This clinical analysis will describe a clinical case of encephalitis in a patient with borreliosis and being treated in a coronavirus hospital.
Stress tests of anthracene derivatives of plant origin
Authors: Romanyuk Anna A. , Moiseev Dmitry V.
Published: December 2023

Objective: to study the stability of solutions of standard samples of sennoside B and glucofrangulin A by stress tests using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Materials and methods. The objects of the study were solutions of standard samples of sennoside B, as well as glucofrangulin A. Stress agents were 0.5M aqueous solution of copper (II) chloride (CuCl2), 0.5M aqueous solution of iron (III) chloride (FeCl3), 0.1M aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl), as well as 0.1M aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and a solution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 3%. The study was carried out using an Agilent 1100 liquid chromatograph. For this purpose, a Zorbax SB-C18 reverse-phase column (4.6×250 mm, 5 µm) was used. Elution of the mobile phase (acetonitrile and highly purified water, which was adjusted to pH 2 with phosphoric acid) was carried out in a gradient mode. Detection was carried out at wavelengths of 360 nm and 435 nm. Results. It was found that a solution of a standard sample of glucofrangulin A is stable for 14 days under the influence of 0.1M aqueous solution of HCl and 0.1M aqueous solution of NaOH, as well as 0.5M aqueous solution of FeCl3 and 3% H2O2 solution. When a solution of a standard sample of glucofrangulin A interacts with a 0.5M aqueous solution of CuCl2, its destruction is observed. When a standard sample of sennoside B reacts with a 3% H2O2 solution and a 0.5M aqueous CuCl2 solution, it remains stable. When interacting with other stress agents, its destruction occurs. Conclusion. The results obtained on the stability of solutions of standard samples of anthracene derivatives determine the main physico-chemical factors that cause their destruction, which can be taken into account when validating analytical methods, justifying the conditions of storage, packaging and processing of medicinal plant materials that contain anthracene derivatives.
Vulnerabilidad social y embarazo en estudiantes universitarias
Authors: Saldívar Garduño Alicia , Correa Romero Fredi Everardo , Ramírez Gómez Karol Esthefanya
Published: December 2023

Vivir un embarazo durante el curso de los estudios universitarios, a menudo coloca a las mujeres jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad y las acerca a la posibilidad de abandonar la carrera, de pausarla o de tomar más tiempo para concluirla, lo que afecta negativamente sus expectativas de futuro; por ello, el objetivo de la presente investigación es describir las creencias vinculadas con la vulnerabilidad de mujeres jóvenes con posibilidades de quedar embarazadas durante sus estudios universitarios, para lo cual, en esta investigación cualitativa se entrevistó a una muestra de estudiantes de las tres divisiones académicas de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, y se reportan los resultados del análisis de contenido asistido por computadora, organizados en dos ejes temáticos: implicaciones del embarazo en la vida universitaria y vulnerabilidad social. Las informantes destacaron que su etapa universitaria no era un buen momento para embarazarse, y revelaron mantener algunas prácticas sexuales que las ponen en riesgo de tener un embarazo no planificado o una infección de transmisión sexual, a pesar de los conocimientos y el acceso a los métodos anticonceptivos. Se concluye que, aunque los estudios universitarios constituyen una oportunidad de progreso para las jóvenes, también abren espacios para realizar prácticas de riesgo que pueden configurar situaciones que favorezcan condiciones de vulnerabilidad.
Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma with Checkpoint Inhibitors in
Clinical Practice in the Volga-Ural Region of the Eurasian Continent
Authors: Rakhimov Radmir R. , Sultanbaev Aleksandr V. , Izmailov Adel A. , Menshikov Konstantin V. , Zabelin Vadim M. , Izmailov Albert A. , Gilyazova Gulshat R. , Izmailova Svetlana M. , Bakhtiyarova Ksenia S. , Izmailova Angelina A. , Gilyazova Irina R.
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Renal cancer ranks 10th in the mortality structure of the Russian Federation. The introduction
of checkpoint inhibitors has changed the paradigm of treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms.

Method:

Data from clinical trials have shown good progression-free median and median overall survival.
Each cancer center has been accumulating its own experience in treating patients with renal cell cancer by applying
modern target drugs and immunotherapy.

Result:

In routine clinical practice, oncologists do not get the results that have been demonstrated in clinical
trials when evaluating the effectiveness of the therapy.

Conclusion:

In this single-center clinical study, we discuss the results of using nivolumab as mono-therapy
and the combination of nivolumab with ipilimumab in metastatic renal parenchyma cancer patients.
Flavonoids as G Protein-coupled Receptors Ligands: New Potential
Therapeutic Natural Drugs
Authors: Chda Alae , Bencheikh Rachid
Published: December 2023

G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are among the largest family of cell surface re-ceptors found in the human genome. They govern a wide range of physiological responses in both health and diseases, making them one of the potential targeted surface receptors for pharmaceuti-cals. Flavonoids can modulate GPCRs activity by acting as allosteric ligands. They can either en-hance or reduce the GPCR's effect. Emerging research shows that individual flavonoids or mix-tures of flavonoids from plant extracts can have relevant pharmacological effects against a num-ber of diseases, particularly by influencing GPCRs. In the present review, we are considering to give a comprehensive overview of flavonoids and related compounds that exhibit GPCRs activity and to further explore which beneficial structural features. Molecular docking was used to strengthen experimental evidence and describe flavonoid-GPCRs interactions at molecular level.
Deciphering the Function of New Therapeutic Targets and Prospective Biomarkers in the Management of Psoriasis
Authors: Purewal Japneet Singh , Doshi Gaurav Mahesh
Published: December 2023

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated skin condition affecting people worldwide, presenting at any age, and leading to a substantial burden physically and mentally. The innate and adaptive immune systems interact intricately with the pathomechanisms that underlie disease. T cells can interact with keratinocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells through the cytokines they secrete. According to recent research, psoriasis flare-ups can cause systemic inflammation and various other co-morbidities, including depression, psoriatic arthritis, and cardio-metabolic syndrome. Additionally, several auto-inflammatory and auto-immune illnesses may be linked to psoriasis. Although psoriasis has no proven treatment, care must strive by treating patients as soon as the disease surfaces, finding and preventing concurrent multimorbidity, recognising and reducing bodily and psychological distress, requiring behavioural modifications, and treating each patient individually. Biomarkers are traits that are assessed at any time along the clinical continuum, from the early stages of a disease through the beginning of treatment (the foundation of precision medicine) to the late stages of treatment (outcomes and endpoints). Systemic therapies that are frequently used to treat psoriasis provide a variety of outcomes. Targeted therapy selection, better patient outcomes, and more cost-effective healthcare would be made possible by biomarkers that reliably predict effectiveness and safety. This review is an attempt to understand the role of Antimicrobial peptides (AMP), Interleukin-38 (IL-38), autophagy 5 (ATG5) protein and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) as biomarkers of psoriasis.
The Effect of Selenium, Zinc, and their Combined Supplementation
on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers-comparing their Effects in the
Energy Restriction and High-fat Diet Methods in Obese Rats
Authors: Hasani Motahareh , Monfared Vahid , Aleebrahim-Dehkordi Elahe , Jafari Ali , Agh Fahimeh , Khazdouz Maryam , Vahid Farhad , Vafa Mohammadreza
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

The fat distribution in the body determines the risk of cardiometabolic
problems such as heart disease and diabetes. Some dietary supplements,
such as selenium and zinc, possess lipolytic and anti-angiogenic functions, which may
be a useful strategy in reducing the risk of cardiometabolic complications. This study
evaluated the effect of zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), and their combined supplementation
on cardiometabolic risk factors in male Wistar rats in two nutritional models, including
caloric restriction (CR) and high-fat diet (HFD).

Methods and Materials:

The 48 male Wistar rats were divided into three diet groups
(HFD and CR and normal diet (ND)). The HFD group was subdivided into four
groups (N=8 rats in each group) that received (HFD+Se), (HFD+Zn), (HFD+Zn+Se),
and HFD alone as the control group, respectively. After 8 weeks of intervention,
biochemical tests were performed on serum levels, including measurement of lipid
profile (triglyceride, Cholesterol, LDL and HDL) and glycemic indices (fasting blood
sugar, insulin and insulin sensitivity markers).

Results:

The results showed that supplementation significantly improved the lipid
profile (P <0.001). A comparison of glucose homeostasis indices in the study groups
also showed a significant difference. The serum level of glucose was higher in the HFD
group than in the intervention groups (P <0.001). Also, the rate of improvement of lipid
profile and glycemic indexes in the group receiving the combination of two
supplements showed a better trend than those receiving zinc and selenium alone.
However, the values were statistically significant only for glucose homeostasis indices
(P <0.001).

Conclusion:

Although obesity is a multifactorial condition, controlling other risk factors,
zinc and selenium and their combined supplementation can lead to promising solutions
for the treatment of obesity-induced glucose and lipid homeostasis disorders.
Recent Trends in Nanoparticulate Delivery System for Amygdalin as Potential Therapeutic Herbal Bioactive Agent for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Prajapati Mahendra , Deshmukh Rohitas , Harwansh Ranjit K.
Published: December 2023

:

Cancer is the deadliest and most serious health problem. The mortality rate of cancer patients
has increased significantly worldwide in recent years. There are several treatments available,
but these treatments have many limitations, such as non-specific targeting, toxicity, bioavailability,
solubility, permeability problems, serious side effects, and a higher dose. Many people prefer phytomedicine
because it has fewer side effects. However, amygdalin is a naturally occurring phytoconstituent.
It has many harmful effects due to the cyanide group present in the chemical structure.
Many scientists and researchers have given their thoughts associated with amygdalin and its toxicities.
However, there is a need for a more advanced, effective, and newer delivery system with reduced
toxicity effects of amygdalin. Nanotechnology has become a more refined and emerging medical
approach, offering innovative research areas to treat cancer. This review focuses on the use of
amygdaline as herbal medicine encapsulating into several nanoparticulate delivery systems such as
silver nanoparticles, graphene oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanocomposites,
niosomes, and magnetic nanoparticles in the treatment of cancer. In addition, this article provides
information on amygdalin structure and physical properties, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and challenges
with amygdalin.
Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Bushen Huoxue Decoction in Breast Cancer via Network Pharmacology and in vitro experiments
Authors: Liang Hongyi , Yin Guoliang , Shi Guangxi , Liu Xiaofei , Liu Zhiyong , Li Jingwei
Published: December 2023

Aim:

Breast cancer (BC) is by far seen as the most common malignancy globally,
with 2.261 million patients newly diagnosed, accounting for 11.7% of all cancer patients, according
to the Global Cancer Statistics Report (2020). The luminal A subtype accounts for at
least half of all BC diagnoses. According to TCM theory, Bushen Huoxue Decoction (BSHXD)
is a prescription used for cancer treatment that may influence luminal A subtype breast cancer
(LASBC).

Objectives:

To analyze the clinical efficacy and underlying mechanisms of BSHXD in LASBC.

Materials and Methods:

Network pharmacology and in vitro experiments were utilized to foresee
the underlying mechanism of BSHXD for LASBC.

Results:

According to the bioinformatics analysis, BSHXD induced several proliferation and
apoptosis processes against LASBC, and the presumed targets of active components in BSHXD
were mainly enriched in the HIF-1 and PI3K/AKT pathways. Flow cytometry assay and western
blotting results revealed that the rate of apoptosis enhanced in a dose-dependent manner with
BSHXD concentration increasing, respectively. BSHXD notably downregulated the expressions
of HIF-1α, P-PI3K, PI3K, P-AKT and AKT proteins. However, adding an HIF-1α agonist restored
those protein levels.

Conclusion:

The study proved that the mechanism of BSHXD in LASBC may be connected to
suppressing proliferation by inhibiting the activity of the HIF-1α/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
and promoting apoptosis via the Caspase cascade in LASBC cells.
Recycling the Spent Lithium-ion Battery into Nanocubes Cobalt Oxide
Supercapacitor Electrode
Authors: Bakr Zinab Hassanien , Abdelaziz Aboelazm Eslam Atef , Khe Cheng Seong , Mohammed Ali Gomaa Abdelgawad , Chong Kwok Feng
Published: December 2023

Background::

Cobalt oxide nanocubes have garnered significant attention as potential
supercapacitor electrodes due to their unique structural and electrochemical properties. The
spent lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are considered as zero-cost source for cobalt oxide production.

Objective::

The aim of this work is to recover cobalt oxide from spent LiBs and study its
electrochemical performance as a supercapacitor electrode material.

Method::

This study uses an electrodeposition method to obtain cobalt oxide honeycomb-like
anodes coated on Ni foam substrates from spent Li-ion batteries for supercapacitors applications.
The effect of annealing temperature on the cobalt oxide anode has been carefully investigated;
450 ºC annealing temperature results in nanocubes on the surface of the cobalt oxide electrode.
X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of the Co3O4-NiO electrode.

Results::

The Co3O4-NiO nanocubes electrode has shown a high specific capacitance of 1400 F
g-1 at 1 A g-1 and high capacitance retention of ~96 % after 2250 cycles at a constant current
density of 10 A g-1 compared to 900 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 as for prepared Co3O4 honeycomb.

Conclusion::

This strategy proves that the paramount importance of Co3O4-NiO nanocubes, meticulously
synthesized at elevated temperatures, as a supremely effective active material upon
deposition onto transition metal foam current collectors, establishing their indispensability for
supercapacitor applications.
A Concise Review on Magnetic Nanoparticles: Their Properties, Types, Synthetic Methods, and Current Trending Applications
Authors: Meenakshi M. , Bhaskar R. , Kumar S.K. Ashok , Kumar R. Selva
Published: December 2023

:

In recent years, there has been significant research on developing magnetic nanoparticles
(MNPs) with multifunctional characteristics. This review focuses on the properties and various
types of MNPs, methods of their synthesis, and biomedical, clinical, and other applications.
These syntheses of MNPs were achieved by various methods, like precipitation, thermal, pyrolysis,
vapor deposition, and sonochemical. MNPs are nano-sized materials with diameters ranging
from 1 to 100 nm. The MNPs have been used for various applications in biomedical, cancer
theranostic, imaging, drug delivery, biosensing, environment, and agriculture. MNPs have been
extensively researched for molecular diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutic outcome monitoring
in a range of illnesses. They are perfect for biological applications, including cancer therapy,
thrombolysis, and molecular imaging, because of their nanoscale size, surface area, and absence
of side effects. In particular, MNPs can be used to conjugate chemotherapeutic medicines (or)
target ligands/proteins, making them beneficial for drug delivery. However, up until that time,
some ongoing issues and developments in MNPs include toxicity and biocompatibility, targeting
accuracy, regulation and safety, clinical translation, hyperthermia therapy, immunomodulatory
effects, multifunctionality, and nanoparticle aggregation.