bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The CRL3
KCTD10
ubiquitin ligase–USP18 axis coordinately regulates cystine uptake and ferroptosis by modulating SLC7A11
Authors: Zhou Qiyin , Yu Hongfei , Chen Yongxia , Ren Jiayi , Lu Yan , Sun Yi
Published: July 2024

SLC7A11 is a cystine transporter and ferroptosis inhibitor. How the stability of SLC7A11 is coordinately regulated in response to environmental cystine by which E3 ligase and deubiquitylase (DUB) remains elusive. Here, we report that neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 increases cystine uptake by causing SLC7A11 accumulation, via inactivating Cullin-RING ligase-3 (CRL-3). We identified KCTD10 as the substrate-recognizing subunit of CRL-3 for SLC7A11 ubiquitylation, and USP18 as SLC7A11 deubiquitylase. Upon cystine deprivation, the protein levels of KCTD10 or USP18 are decreased or increased, respectively, contributing to SLC7A11 accumulation. By destabilizing or stabilizing SLC7A11, KCTD10, or USP18 inversely regulates the cystine uptake and ferroptosis. Biologically, MLN4924 combination with SLC7A11 inhibitor Imidazole Ketone Erastin (IKE) enhanced suppression of tumor growth. In human breast tumor tissues, SLC7A11 levels were negatively or positively correlated with KCTD10 or USP18, respectively. Collectively, our study defines how SLC7A11 and ferroptosis is coordinately regulated by the CRL3
KCTD10
/E3-USP18/DUB axis, and provides a sound rationale of drug combination to enhance anticancer efficacy.
Sharing massive biomedical data at magnitudes lower bandwidth using implicit neural function
Authors: Yang Runzhao , Xiao Tingxiong , Cheng Yuxiao , Li Anan , Qu Jinyuan , Liang Rui , Bao Shengda , Wang Xiaofeng , Wang Jue , Suo Jinli , Luo Qingming , Dai Qionghai
Published: July 2024

Efficient storage and sharing of massive biomedical data would open up their wide accessibility to different institutions and disciplines. However, compressors tailored for natural photos/videos are rapidly limited for biomedical data, while emerging deep learning–based methods demand huge training data and are difficult to generalize. Here, we propose to conduct Biomedical data compRession with Implicit nEural Function (BRIEF) by representing the target data with compact neural networks, which are data specific and thus have no generalization issues. Benefiting from the strong representation capability of implicit neural function, BRIEF achieves 2∼3 orders of magnitude compression on diverse biomedical data at significantly higher fidelity than existing techniques. Besides, BRIEF is of consistent performance across the whole data volume, and supports customized spatially varying fidelity. BRIEF’s multifold advantageous features also serve reliable downstream tasks at low bandwidth. Our approach will facilitate low-bandwidth data sharing and promote collaboration and progress in the biomedical field.
Nonviral CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis for streamlined generation of mouse lung cancer models
Authors: Lara-Sáez Irene , Mencía Ángeles , Recuero Enrique , Li Yinghao , García Marta , Oteo Marta , Gallego Marta I. , Enguita Ana Belén , de Prado-Verdún Diana , A Sigen , Wang Wenxin , García-Escudero Ramón , Murillas Rodolfo , Santos Mirentxu
Published: July 2024

Functional analysis in mouse models is necessary to establish the involvement of a set of genetic variations in tumor development. A modeling platform to facilitate and cost-effectively analyze the role of multiple genes in carcinogenesis would be valuable. Here, we present an innovative strategy for lung mutagenesis using CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins delivered via cationic polymers. This approach allows the simultaneous inactivation of multiple genes. We validate the effectiveness of this system by targeting a group of tumor suppressor genes, specifically
Rb1
,
Rbl1
,
Pten
, and
Trp53
, which were chosen for their potential to cause lung tumors, namely small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Tumors with histologic and transcriptomic features of human SCLC emerged after intratracheal administration of CRISPR/polymer nanoparticles. These tumors carried loss-of-function mutations in all four tumor suppressor genes at the targeted positions. These findings were reproduced in two different pure genetic backgrounds. We provide a proof of principle for simplified modeling of lung tumorigenesis to facilitate functional testing of potential cancer-related genes.
POTRA domains of the TamA insertase interact with the outer membrane and modulate membrane properties
Authors: Mellouk Abdelkader , Jaouen Paul , Ruel Louis-Jacques , Lê Michel , Martini Cyrielle , Moraes Trevor F. , El Bakkouri Majida , Lagüe Patrick , Boisselier Elodie , Calmettes Charles
Published: July 2024

The outer membrane (OM) of gram-negative bacteria serves as a vital organelle that is densely populated with OM proteins (OMPs) and plays pivotal roles in cellular functions and virulence. The assembly and insertion of these OMPs into the OM represent a fundamental process requiring specialized molecular chaperones. One example is the translocation and assembly module (TAM), which functions as a transenvelope chaperone promoting the folding of specific autotransporters, adhesins, and secretion systems. The catalytic unit of TAM, TamA, comprises a catalytic β-barrel domain anchored within the OM and three periplasmic polypeptide-transport-associated (POTRA) domains that recruit the TamB subunit. The latter acts as a periplasmic ladder that facilitates the transport of unfolded OMPs across the periplasm. In addition to their role in recruiting the auxiliary protein TamB, our data demonstrate that the POTRA domains mediate interactions with the inner surface of the OM, ultimately modulating the membrane properties. Through the integration of X-ray crystallography, molecular dynamic simulations, and biomolecular interaction methodologies, we located the membrane-binding site on the first and second POTRA domains. Our data highlight a binding preference for phosphatidylglycerol, a minor lipid constituent present in the OM, which has been previously reported to facilitate OMP assembly. In the context of the densely OMP-populated membrane, this association may serve as a mechanism to secure lipid accessibility for nascent OMPs through steric interactions with existing OMPs, in addition to creating favorable conditions for OMP biogenesis.
Potentials of
Cannabis
as versatile additive in consumer, industrial and medicinal products and green synthesis of nanoparticles: A systematic review
Authors: Hussain Adil , Batool Maira , Saeed Asma , Alim-Un-Nisa  , Abidi Syed Hussain Imam , Syed Quratulain
Published: July 2024

The rapidly growing human population has upsurged the need for natural resources, endangering the environment and widening the gaps between availability and needs. The objective of this review was to compile the reported data on
Cannabis-
based food, beverage, cosmetics, textiles, composites and medicinal products with an emphasis on the regulatory framework and guidelines on
Cannabis
use,
Cannabis-
based green synthesis of NPs, and multiple ways of incorporating
Cannabis
with emphasis on critical factors to be considered while using
Cannabis
as an additive. We searched the data across scientific databases such as Google Scholar, SciELO, Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and some conference papers, books, dissertations and government reports. Almost 20 different
Cannabis
-based food and beverage products with enriched nutrition and 11 cosmetic products have been developed and reported with improved quality. The utilization of
Cannabis
for the development of textiles, composites and different kinds of medicines like Dronabinol (Marinol®), Nabilone, Sativex® or Nabiximols®, Cannapain® and
Cannabis
variety based preparations/products (on CBD and THC content basis) including Bedrocan, Bedica, Bedrolite, Bediol and Bedrobinol are available for human use. Various
Cannabis
NPs, including gold (AuNPs), silver (AgNPs), and selenium (SeNPs), are green synthesized with significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potentials. Because of the endless need for re-invention and the speedy evolution of the market, industries have found a state-of-the-art opportunity to develop various products and nanoparticles (NPs) using
Cannabis
as a versatile constituent, however, the efficacy of edible products depends upon the level of psychoactive THC present in
Cannabis
. Overall, the data provided here on
Cannabis
-based consumers, industrial and medicinal products, green synthesis of
Cannabis
NPs, and multiple ways of
Cannabis
incorporation in products considering possible challenges could add significant contributions to the global
Cannabis
research.
Technology at the Table: Incorporating AI into Contemporary Food Industry Operations
Authors: Kataria Priyanka
Published: July 2024

The discipline of computer science known as artificial intelligence (AI) mimics human thought processes, learning capacities, and knowledge stores. There are many different algorithms available in AI, including fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural networks (ANNs), etc., which offers myriad opportunities to solve approaching problems in food and agricultural sectors, including global food demand. AI has been used in supply chain management, manufacturing improvement, food quality enhancement, and in maintenance of industrial hygiene. By employing a computerized system, the industry can assess and then deliver the product in the most favourable conditions at every stage, for example, by keeping an eye on all seed selection, crop monitoring, agricultural operations, such as watering, and temperature monitoring, new product development, and maintaining food industry safety standards which could enhance the quality of the products. Nevertheless, there are obstacles in the way of AI’s implementation in the food industry like data privacy issues, job displacement through automation, flaws in algorithms used in making decisions and difficulties in compliance with laws and regulations. The ethical implications of food safety and sustainability make the application of AI much more challenging. The food industry’s future depends on a holistic approach that takes advantage of AI’s potential while maintaining ethical and environmentally friendly operations.

Information

© The Author 2024
Using PARO, a robotic seal, to support people living with dementia: ‘what works’ in inpatient dementia care settings?
Authors: Shoesmith Emily , Clarke Chris , McPherson Grace , Ratschen Elena
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The robotic seal PARO has received increased attention as a new technology to support people living with dementia in terms of emotional and physiological outcomes. However, little research has been conducted to improve understanding of how and why PARO may work within inpatient dementia care. We investigate for whom PARO works best in this setting, and why PARO may work. Methods: Informed by principles from realist methodology, qualitative interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals, participants with dementia and their relatives to explore experiences related to the delivery and receipt of an intervention using PARO in an inpatient dementia ward in the United Kingdom (UK). Observations of PARO intervention sessions were conducted to gain further insight into provision and implementation of sessions using PARO in ‘real time’. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, and using the process of configuration mapping, we constructed a visualisation of our findings framed within the Intervention-Context-Actor-Mechanisms-Outcomes (ICAMO) model. Results: The visualisation of our findings framed within the ICAMO model suggests that PARO may result in positive outcomes within inpatient dementia care due to a range of potential mechanisms, including enhancement of social interactions, developing a sense of attachment, evoking emotive memories, physical interaction, and perceiving the robotic animal as a live being. For these mechanisms to be activated, the sessions should be structured but participant-led, and be delivered as needed in a one-to-one setting by a skilled facilitator. Conclusion: Using PARO in an inpatient dementia care context appeared promising and well-received in this small observational study. This study explicitly considers the context and mechanisms of using PARO within inpatient dementia care settings, presenting findings in a structured visualisation framed within the ICAMO model and offering a theoretical basis for future intervention research.
Tailored assemblies of COPII proteins in secretion
Authors: Malhotra Vivek
Published: July 2024

Export of secretory cargoes from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) requires COPII proteins, which were first identified for their ability to coat small vesicles that bud from the ER. Recent data indicate that COPII proteins can also organize into a collar at the necks of tubules, as well as phase-separate into liquid-like condensates. Thus, COPII assemblies seem to be tailored to accommodate variations in the size and quantities of cargo secreted.
Floquet-engineered valley topotronics in Kekulé-Y bond textured graphene superlattice
Authors: Saha Sushmita , Mawrie Alestin
Published: July 2024

The exquisite distortion in a Kekulé -Y (Kek-Y) superlattice merges the two inequivalent Dirac cones (from the K- and the K′- points) into the highest symmetric Γ-point in the hexagonal Brillouin zone. Here, we report that UV circularly polarized light not only opens up a topological gap at the Γ-point, but also lifts the valley degeneracy at that point. Endowed with Floquet dynamics and by devising a scheme of high-frequency approximation, we propose that the left/right-handedness in polarized light offers the possibility to realize valley-selective circular dichroism in a Kek-Y-shaped graphene superlattice. In addition, the non-vanishing Berry curvature and enumeration of the valley-resolved Chern number

C

K

/

C

K
′

=
+
1

/

−
1

enable us to assign two pseudospin flavors (up/down) with the two valleys. Thereby, the above observations confirm the topological transition, suggesting the ease of realizing the valley quantum anomalous Hall state within the photon-dressed Kek-Y. These findings further manifest a non-zero optical valley polarization that is maximal at the Γ-point. Our paper thus proposes an optically switchable topological valley filter, which is desired in the evolving landscape of valleytronics.
Influence of the Hall-bar geometry on texture-induced topological spin transport in two-dimensional Rashba spin–orbit ferromagnets
Authors: Guo Yufei , Zhuo Fengjun , Li Hang
Published: July 2024

While the recent prediction and observation of magnetic skyrmions bears inspiring promise for next-generation spintronic devices, how to detect and track their position becomes an important issue. In this work, we investigate the spin transport in a two-dimensional magnetic nanoribbon with the Hall-bar geometry in the presence of Rashba spin–orbit coupling and magnetic skyrmions. We employ the Kwant tight-binding code to compute the Hall conductance and local spin-polarized current density. We consider two versions of the model: One with single skyrmion and one with two separate skyrmions. It is found that the size and position of the skyrmions strongly modulate the Hall conductance near the Hall-bar position. The geometry of the Hall bar also has a strong influence on the Hall conductance of the system. With the decreasing of the width of Hall leads, the peak of Hall conductance becomes sharper. We also show the spatial distribution of the spin-polarized current density around a skyrmion located at different positions. We extend this study toward two separate skyrmions, where the Hall conductance also reveals a sizable dependence on the position of the skyrmions and their distance. Our numerical analysis offers the possibility of electrically detecting the skyrmion position, which could have potential applications in ultrahigh-density storage design.
Accelerometer static state detection (SSD)-assisted GNSS/accelerometer bridge monitoring algorithm
Authors: Yang Huan , Li Xin , Du Yuan , Jing Ce , Liu Guolin , Zhang Kai , Haung Xiaoyu
Published: July 2024

In the field of structural health monitoring, a loosely coupled (LC) Kalman filtering algorithm that accounts for baseline drift errors is commonly used to integrate Global Satellite Navigation and Positioning System (GNSS) data with accelerometer data. In the LC algorithm, the baseline drift errors are considered unknown parameters that need to be estimated. In scenario of continuous float solutions, the estimation of baseline drift errors is often inaccurate, leading to the divergence of monitoring results. Theoretically, as a type of motion sensor, accelerometers are expected to qualitatively determine the priori state of bridges, whether dynamic or static. Utilizing the inherent characteristics of accelerometers and the principle of zero-velocity detection in integrated navigation, we originally propose a bridge static state detection (SSD) method based on low-cost accelerometer, and introduces this prior SSD information as a constraint in GNSS/accelerometer LC algorithm, called SSD-LC bridge monitoring algorithm. Through a simulation platform and real-world bridge monitored tests, the effectiveness of our proposed SSD method has been verified. Furthermore, our proposed SSD-LC bridge monitoring algorithm can effectively mitigate the divergence problem in baseline drift estimation that occurs with continuous GNSS float solutions in traditional algorithms, which can effectively avoid misjudgments and false alarms in bridge monitoring during GNSS anomalies.
Surface crack detection on selective laser melting printed Inconel 718 using a laser generated ultrasound technique and phase space reconstruction
Authors: Yang Huadong , Song Rongxin , Ma Geng , Wang Jianhua
Published: July 2024

In the field of metallic additive manufacturing, selective laser melting (SLM) has become a predominant technology due to its advantages of short production cycles, high precision, and low cost. It is frequently employed in the production of complex parts. This paper proposes the use of a scanning laser line source, in conjunction with the singular value decomposition method, to reconstruct phase space and identify surface cracks in SLM specimens. The scanning laser line source addresses the limitations of a single line source, which is often unable to accurately detect tiny cracks. By comparing experimental and simulation data, the results demonstrate that the scanning laser line source can effectively compensate for some of the detection deficiencies of a single line source.
Large-area and few-layered 1T′-MoTe2 thin films grown by cold-wall chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Chi Ping-Feng , Chuang Yung-Lan , Yu Zide , Zhang Jing-Wen , Wang Jing-Jie , Lee Ming-Lun , Sheu Jinn-Kong
Published: July 2024

This study employs cold-wall chemical vapor deposition to achieve the growth of MoTe2 thin films on 4-inch sapphire substrates. A two-step growth process is utilized, incorporating MoO3 and Te powder sources under low-pressure conditions to synthesize MoTe2. The resultant MoTe2 thin films exhibit a dominant 1T′ phase, as evidenced by a prominent Raman peak at 161 cm−1. This preferential 1T′ phase formation is attributed to controlled manipulation of the second-step growth temperature, essentially the reaction stage between Te vapor and the pre-deposited MoO
x
layer. Under these optimized growth conditions, the thickness of the continuous 1T′-MoTe2 films can be precisely tailored within the range of 3.5–5.7 nm (equivalent to 5–8 layers), as determined by atomic force microscopy depth profiling. Hall-effect measurements unveil a typical hole concentration and mobility of 0.2 cm2 Vs−1 and 7.9 × 1021 cm−3, respectively, for the synthesized few-layered 1T′-MoTe2 films. Furthermore, Ti/Al bilayer metal contacts deposited on the few-layered 1T′-MoTe2 films exhibit low specific contact resistances of approximately 1.0 × 10−4 Ω cm2 estimated by the transfer length model. This finding suggests a viable approach for achieving low ohmic contact resistance using the 1T′-MoTe2 intermediate layer between metallic electrodes and two-dimensional semiconductors.
Atomically thin-layered WS2 based resistive sensors for detection of CO and NO2 at room temperature
Authors: Gorthala Guruprasad , Ghosh Ruma
Published: July 2024

The number of layers present in a two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial plays a critical role in applications that involve surface interaction, for example, gas sensing. This paper reports the synthesis of 2D WS2 nanoflakes using the facile liquid exfoliation technique. The nanoflakes were exfoliated using bath sonication (BS-WS2) and probe sonication (PS-WS2). The thickness of the BS-WS2 was found to range between 70 and 200 nm, and that of PS-WS2 varied from 0.6 to 80 nm, indicating the presence of single to few layers of WS2 when characterized using atomic force microscope. All the WS2 samples were thoroughly characterized using electron microscopes, x-ray diffractometer, Raman spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, and thermogravimetric analyser. Both the nanostructured samples were exposed to 2 ppm of NO2 at room temperature. Interestingly, BS-WS2 which comprises of a greater number of WS2 layers exhibited −14.2% response as against −3.4% response of PS-WS2, the atomically thin sample. The BS-WS2 sample was found to be highly selective towards NO2 but was slower (with incomplete recovery) as compared to PS-WS2. The PS-WS2 sample was observed to exhibit −11.9% to −27.4% response to 2–10 ppm of CO and −3.4%–35.2% response to 2–10 ppm of NO2 at room temperature, thereby exhibiting the potential to detect two gases simultaneously. These gases could be accurately predicted and quantified if the response times of the PS-WS2 sample were considered. The atomically thin WS2-based sensor exhibited a limit of detection of 131 and 81 ppb for CO and NO2, respectively.
Two-dimensional oxygen-diffusion modelling for FLASH proton therapy with pencil beam scanning—Impact of diffusive tissue properties, dose, dose rate and scan patterns
Authors: Diepeveen Maarten H , Lathouwers Danny , José Santo Rodrigo , Hoogeman Mischa S , Habraken Steven J M
Published: July 2024

Objective. Oxygen depletion is generally believed to play an important role in the FLASH effect—a differential reduction of the radiosensitivity of healthy tissues, relative to that of the tumour under ultra-high dose-rate (UHDR) irradiation conditions. In proton therapy (PT) with pencil-beam scanning (PBS), the deposition of dose, and, hence, the degree of (radiolytic) oxygen depletion varies both spatially and temporally. Therefore, the resulting oxygen concentration and the healthy-tissue sparing effect through radiation-induced hypoxia varies both spatially and temporally as well. Approach. We propose and numerically solve a physical oxygen diffusion model to study these effects and their dependence on tissue parameters and the scan pattern in pencil-beam delivery. Since current clinical FLASH PT (FLASH-PT) is based on 250 MeV shoot-through (transmission) beams, for which dose and dose rate (DR) hardly vary with depth compared to the variation transverse to the beam axis, we focus on the two-dimensional case. We numerically integrate the model to obtain the oxygen concentration in each voxel as a function of time and extract voxel-based and spatially and temporarily integrated metrics for oxygen (FLASH) enhanced dose. Furthermore, we evaluate the impact on oxygen enhancement of standard pencil-beam delivery patterns and patterns that were optimised on dose-rate. Our model can contribute to the identification of tissue properties and pencil-beam delivery parameters that are critical for FLASH-PT and it may be used for the optimisation of FLASH-PT treatment plans and their delivery. Main results. (i) the diffusive properties of oxygen are critical for the steady state concentration and therefore the FLASH effect, even more so in two dimensions when compared to one dimension. (ii) The FLASH effect through oxygen depletion depends primarily on dose and less on other parameters. (iii) At a fixed fraction dose there is a slight dependence on DR. (iv) Scan patterns optimised on DR slightly increase the oxygen induced FLASH effect. Significance. To our best knowledge, this is the first study assessing the impact of scan-pattern optimization (SPO) in FLASH-PT with PBS on a biological FLASH model. While the observed impact of SPO is relatively small, a larger effect is expected for larger target volumes. A better understanding of the FLASH effect and the role of oxygen (depletion) therein is essential for the further development of FLASH-PT with PBS, and SPO.
Validating and speeding up x-ray tomographic inversions in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Jardin A , Mazon D , Bielecki J , Dworak D , Guibert D , Król K , Savoye-Peysson Y , Scholz M , Walkowiak J ,   the WEST Team
Published: July 2024

X-ray tomography is a precious tool in tokamaks that provides rich information about the core plasma, such as local impurity concentration, electron temperature and density as well as magnetic equilibrium (ME) and magnetohydrodynamic activity. Nevertheless, inferring the local plasma emissivity from a sparse set of line-integrated measurements is an ill-posed problem that requires dedicated regularization and validation methods. Besides, speeding up the inversion algorithm in order to be compatible with real-time control systems is a challenging task with traditional approaches. In this contribution, in a first part we introduce tools aiming at validating and speeding up the x-ray tomographic inversions based on Tikhonov regularization, including ME constraint and parameter optimization, taking the WEST geometry as an example. In a second part, an alternative approach compatible with real-time, based on a set of neural networks is proposed and compared with the Tikhonov approach for an experimental case.
Test of lepton flavor universality in

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

and

B

±

→

K

±

e
+

e
−

decays in proton-proton collisions at

s

=
13

TeV
Authors: CMS Collaboration The
Published: July 2024

A test of lepton flavor universality in

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

and

B

±

→

K

±

e
+

e
−

decays, as well as a measurement of differential and integrated branching fractions of a nonresonant

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

decay are presented. The analysis is made possible by a dedicated data set of proton-proton collisions at

s

=
13

TeV

recorded in 2018, by the CMS experiment at the LHC, using a special high-rate data stream designed for collecting about 10 billion unbiased b hadron decays. The ratio of the branching fractions

B

(

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

)

to

B

(

B

±

→

K

±

e
+

e
−

)

is determined from the measured double ratio

R
(
K
)

of these decays to the respective branching fractions of the

B

±

→
J

/

ψ

K

±

with

J

/

ψ
→

μ
+

μ
−

and

e
+

e
−

decays, which allow for significant cancellation of systematic uncertainties. The ratio

R
(
K
)

is measured in the range

1.1
<

q
2

<
6.0

GeV
2

, where q is the invariant mass of the lepton pair, and is found to be

R
(
K
)
=

0.78

−
0.23

+
0.47

, in agreement with the standard model expectation

R
(
K
)
≈
1

. This measurement is limited by the statistical precision of the electron channel. The integrated branching fraction in the same q
2 range,

B

(

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

)
=
(
12.42
±
0.68
)
×

10

−
8

, is consistent with the present world-average value and has a comparable precision.
Long-time properties of generic Floquet systems are approximately periodic with the driving period
Authors: Huang (黄溢辰) Yichen
Published: July 2024

A Floquet quantum system is governed by a Hamiltonian that is periodic in time. Consider the space of piecewise time-independent Floquet systems with (geometrically) local interactions. We prove that for all but a measure zero set of systems in this space, starting from a random product state, many properties (including expectation values of observables and the entanglement entropy of a macroscopically large subsystem) at long times are approximately periodic with the same period as the Hamiltonian. Thus, in almost every Floquet system of arbitrarily large but finite size, discrete time-crystalline behavior does not persist to strictly infinite time.
Wave-induced fluid flow and reflection/transmission of seismic waves at a fluid/double-porosity thermoelastic medium interface
Authors: Kumar Manjeet , Amandeep Singh  , Kumari Neelam , Ahmad Hijaz , Askar Sameh , Kaswan Pradeep , Kumari Manjeet
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the wave-induced fluid flow and reflection/transmission of seismic waves at the interface of a non-viscous fluid and a double-porosity thermoelastic (DPT) solid. The analytical reflection/transmission coefficients are calculated for two boundary conditions: wholly sealed and open pores using the displacement potentials and Gauss-elimination method. The wave-induced local fluid flow (LFF) is computed analytically using the transmission coefficients of transmitted waves in a DPT medium, and it found that four compressional waves contribute to wave-induced LFF. Further, the energy partitioning between reflected and transmitted waves is also computed. An energy matrix describes the amount of energy transmitted to the DPT medium. The matrix has five diagonal elements representing the five waves’ energy proportions with different properties. The total of all the non-diagonal elements in the matrix indicates the energy involved in the interaction between transmitted waves. A numerical example is considered to perform the computational analysis of distinct propagation characteristics. Finally, the impacts of incident direction, wave frequency, inclusion radius, and pores fluid viscosity on the wave-induced LFF and energy partitioning are investigated graphically. Finally, energy conservation for both kinds of surface pores is found.
Study of the Electron cyclotron power deposition in TOMAS
Authors: Buermans J , Adriaens A , Brezinsek S , Crombé K , Dittrich L , Goriaev A , Kovtun Yu , López-Rodríguez L D , Petersson P , Van Schoor M
Published: July 2024

Efficient Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) breakdown and pre-ionization can be achieved with fundamental X-mode, while higher harmonics can introduce excessive stray radiation. Fundamental heating however is characterized by a low cut-off density, introducing additional power absorption mechanisms in the plasma. A good knowledge of these mechanisms is necessary to use fundamental X-mode as an efficient pre-ionization method. Numerous experiments were performed on the TOroidally MAgnetized System (TOMAS) to study the power deposition for ECRH in helium. It is a facility designed to study plasma production, wall conditioning and plasma-surface interactions and is operated by LPP-ERM/KMS at the FZ-Jülich. The influence of the injected power P

EC
and the magnetic field B
0 on the absorption mechanisms is examined, in order to reduce stray radiation and improve the absorption efficiency. This will allow to determine the best scenarios for plasma start-up and pre-ionization.
Weak time-scale separation at the onset of oscillatory magnetoconvection in rapidly rotating fluids
Authors: Sreenivasan Sethulakshmy Edathara , Sahoo Swarandeep
Published: July 2024

Convective instabilities are one of the integral parts of the dynamics of flows driven by thermal buoyancy. Naturally, physical phenomena exhibit a wide disparity in the length and timescales of the field variables in numerical simulations and experimental observations. Such variations are not represented in the traditional normal mode stability analysis attempting to understand the onset of convection. This study attempts to incorporate different time constants for different perturbation variables in the linear stability analysis with the help of a Taylor series expansion. The infinite horizontal layer model is chosen for simplicity. Apart from the classical Rayleigh-Bénard system, additional physical effects such as background rotation and magnetic field have been considered with plausible implications for geophysical flow applications. The time scale separation is implemented by considering a slight change in the frequency of temperature perturbation compared to that for other physical quantities. Both analytical and numerical methods have been utilised for the investigation. The threshold buoyancy force is reduced when the temperature perturbation has a smaller frequency than the frequencies of other variables. Besides that, the onset wavenumber and frequency of the oscillatory modes are modified due to weak scale separation from the onset characteristics of the reference case. In particular, enhanced frequency of temperature perturbations leads to smaller-scaled magnetically controlled convective rolls and larger-scaled viscously controlled instabilities at the onset. A robust dependence of the onset characteristics with the parameter quantifying the timescale separation is obtained. Additionally, two transitions in the convective onset modes with scale separation have been identified.
Ultra-broadband and thin switchable multifunctional metamaterial for terahertz wave
Authors: Jalal Abdul , Khan Alina , Qasim Muhammad , Qureshi Ubaid Ur Rahman , Moghise Mojtaba
Published: July 2024

An ultra-broadband thin multi-functional and switchable metamaterial is examined in the terahertz (THz) regime. The proposed design achieved high polarization conversion efficiency and can be switched from a polarization converter to an absorber using the phase change transitioning of vanadium dioxide (VO2). The linear polarization conversion is achieved from 6.0 THz to 15.0 THz, achieving a bandwidth of 9.0 THz, and the absorption is realized from 5.0 THz to 16.0 THz with a bandwidth of 11.0 THz. These broadband characteristics were achieved by a simple metamaterial design incorporating a few layers. The relative bandwidth was 85% for the polarization conversion and 105% for the absorption. Moreover, the angular stability of the designed structure is impressive for various incident angles from 0° to 45°. The proposed switchable design has the potential to contribute to the development of tunable polarization rotating devices, on/off switching LPC devices, which have wide application potentials in THz detection, sensing, adaptive optics, and communications.
Jeans instability in the particle-antiparticle system with the different gravitational charges and the ALPHA-g experiment
Authors: Trigger S A
Published: July 2024

The principle of binding energy conservation during charge conjugation and the hypothesis of gravitational repulsion of antiparticle masses is used to formulate appropriate two-component hydrodynamics. The dispersion relation for small perturbations is obtained and analyzed. The modified Jeans instability for matter-antimatter system is found as the function of arbitrary fraction of the repulsive matter. For the hydrogen-antihydrogen system, the recent ALPHA-g experimental result is used to apply to the early Universe evolution. It is shown that the non-damping sound mode exists if the annihilation damping is absent.
Quasinormal modes and greybody factor of a Lorentz-violating black hole
Authors: Guo Wen-Di , Tan Qin , Liu Yu-Xiao
Published: July 2024

Recently, a static spherically symmetric black hole solution was found in gravity nonminimally coupled a background Kalb-Ramond field. The Lorentz symmetry is spontaneously broken when the Kalb-Ramond field has a nonvanishing vacuum expectation value. In this work, we focus on the quasinormal modes and greybody factor of this black hole. The master equations for the perturbed scalar field, electromagnetic field, and gravitational field can be written into a Schrödinger equation. We use three methods to solve the quasinormal frequencies in the frequency domain. The results agree well with each other. The time evolution of a Gaussian wave packet is studied. The quasinormal frequencies fitted from the time evolution data agree well with that of frequency domain. The greybody factor is calculated by Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) method. The effect of the Lorentz-violating parameter on the quasinormal modes and greybody factor are also studied.
Numerical Simulation and Optimization Design of Particle Transport in 3D Printers Spiral Extrusion 3D Printers
Authors: Zhang Yukai , Shi Zhiliang , Huang Jiatao
Published: July 2024

In response to the challenges of feed delay and inconsistent wire production in existing 3D printers, a novel 3D simulation model for spiral extrusion 3D printers was developed. This model incorporates the particle filling rate within the spiral groove as a critical evaluation criterion, establishing a correlation between the transport section parameters and the filling rate. The simulation software STAR-CCM+ was utilized for in-depth analysis, leading to structural optimizations based on various feeding mechanisms. The effects of different hopper models on feeding efficiency were investigated using the principles of the discrete element method. The findings indicate that the enhanced feed structure effectively addresses particle transportation issues within the printer. An increase in rotational speed is shown to improve the filling efficiency of the spiral groove, while simultaneously reducing the residence time of the particle material in the extruder, which in turn affects particle melting quality. By integrating the simulation data with experimental validation, an optimized printing structure was designed to fulfill the requirements of spiral extrusion printers.
Design of A 12-phase Clock Generator Based on DLL
Authors: Zhang Zhenbu , Wang Xiaocha , Huang Shengming
Published: July 2024

This article proposes a 12-phase clock generator for DC-DC power supply chips, which can be used for external clock synchronization of DC-DC and serves as the foundation for multiple parallel connections of DC-DC. This article is based on the NTC 0.35 um BCD process and verified through simulation by using Cadence software. In typical environments of 3.3 V and 27°, the clock input range is 832 K-49.6 MHz, the time to reach stability is less than 5 us, the clock jitter is less than 1%, the duty cycle error is less than 3.5%, and the phase error generated is less than 1%.
Research on vibration test method of electric actuator
Authors: Hu Xiaoguang , Li Jian , Gao Zhigang , Niu Pingjuan , Wang Wenbo , Li Yunxiang , Wan Zhicong , Tan Qixiang
Published: July 2024

The stable, safe, and reliable operation of electric actuator valve systems is of great significance in industrial production. This paper proposes a vibration test method for electric actuators, employing the test to meet the test severity level as the first priority, with random frequency vibration within 10 Hz to 1000 Hz. The vibration acceleration is loaded with a Gaussian distribution, which can be used to simulate the irregular vibration of electric actuators in the actual working conditions of the working environment. The test is divided into up and down vibration (z-axis), left and right vibration (x-axis), and front and rear vibration (y-axis) in three directions independently to verify the electric actuator from the mechanical structure and the circuit structure in order to meet the reliability requirements of the actual production.
FSI Modeling and simulation analysis of superimposed valves in flow state of hydraulic shock absorbers*
Authors: Yu Zhenhuan , Zhang Na , Zhao Jiakun
Published: July 2024

This study, through rigorous bench testing, has identified the pivotal parameters influencing the oil flow state within the shock absorber. Based on the Reynolds number parameter model, a reduced parameter model was established, incorporating the number of holes in the throttle valve, their diameters, and the diameters of the piston and piston rod as fundamental parameters. To ensure the model’s precision, this study developed high-accuracy solid and fluid finite element models, defined specific time steps for both laminar and turbulent flows along with their respective numerical methods, and executed a detailed Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) finite element simulation analysis. The findings indicate that fluid-structure interaction simulation accurately captures the shock absorber oil’s flow states across laminar, transitional, and turbulent phases, identifying the maximum Reynolds number position, with the simulation’s velocity-specific results aligning closely with the parameter model, showing a maximum deviation of 22%, a minimum of 2%, and an overall average error of 9.1%.
Structural design and finite element analysis of a milling machine sliding saddle
Authors: Zhang Weiwei
Published: July 2024

With the rapid development of modern manufacturing, the requirements for milling machine products are becoming higher and higher, leading to higher requirements for the working accuracy of milling machines. It is necessary to use the finite element method for static analysis of key components. This article uses 3D software to establish a geometric model of the milling machine saddle and establishes a finite element model. Finite element analysis is performed on the stiffness and strength of the sliding saddle in the middle of the crossbeam and the spindle sleeve at the lowest end of the sliding saddle under the load condition. Through analysis, it is known that the milling machine slide saddle is located in the middle of the crossbeam, and the spindle sleeve is located at the lowest end of the sliding saddle, which is the worst working condition. According to the strength theory, it is verified that its strength meets the requirements. This static analysis can provide reliable data for the design optimization of the milling machine saddle.
Single Event Effect Protection Design of Output Module of Relay Protection Device
Authors: Gao Shihang , Ma Yulong , Zhao Fengrong , Zou Zhiyang , Teng Chuntao
Published: July 2024

A design scheme for single event effect protection of output modules has been proposed, which combines software and hardware to solve the problem of output relay misoperation or refusal to operate caused by single event effect in the output module of relay protection devices. The core idea is to use dual path independent logic processing in software and dual circuit combination driving control in hardware to ensure that the output of the relay protection device will not misoperate when single event effects occur. The error detection and correction of instruction processing code is designed for MCU on-chip instruction storage areas that are easily affected by single event effects. It executes cyclically, allowing the output module to quickly return to normal after single-event effects occur, ensuring that the device output will not refuse to operate when it is expected to operate. When an irreparable error is detected, the output power supply is locked to ensure that the device output does not misoperate. Based on the experimental verification results, the reliability of the relay protection device is improved through the above methods.
Research on the load-bearing performance of new bionic lunar rover wheels
Authors: Zhao Liangliang , Luo Xiaotao , Ma Jia , Du Yupei , Hu Zhenyu , Zhang Rui , Wen Lige , Zhou Guifen
Published: July 2024

In response to the limitations of existing flexible metal wheels in meeting heavy load requirements, a tire/foot integrated bionic wheel with characteristics of being non-inflatable, high load-bearing, and effective vibration damping was designed. A detailed study was carried out to analyze its load-carrying properties under different mechanical working conditions using the finite element method. By simulating different static loading conditions in the vertical direction and considering the balance between wheel elasticity and stiffness, the final plate thickness was determined to be 1 mm. Radial stiffness simulation revealed a radial stiffness of approximately 250 N/mm for the novel bionic lunar rover wheel. According to the above simulation results, the mechanical properties of the wheels of the bionic lunar rover are manufactured and tested, and the test results show that the experimental results are consistent with the simulation results, which verifies the accuracy of the simulation results.
Research on High-Traction Bionic Mesh Lunar Rover Wheel
Authors: Zhao Yongjiao , Zhang Rui , Wen Lige , Luo Xiaotao , Ma Jia , Du Yupei , Hu Zhenyu
Published: July 2024

In addressing the traction performance, mobility, and power consumption issues of lunar rover wheels, this study focuses on a bionic mesh wheel inspired by ostrich toe characteristics. By establishing a simulation environment and assembling a processed prototype wheel, both the bionic and comparative wheels underwent discrete element simulation experiments and traction and mobility tests. The experimental evaluation criteria included settlement depth and driving torque. The results revealed superior traction and mobility performance of the bionic wheel compared to the conventional wheel, with enhanced energy efficiency.
Research on dynamic characteristics of rolling bearing slippage under different working conditions
Authors: Yu Xiao , Han Jianggui , Ming Tingfeng
Published: July 2024

With the development of aerospace, military and other fields, higher requirements are put forward for the life, reliability and accuracy of rolling bearings. Rolling element slippage, as a phenomenon that cannot be ignored in the work of rolling bearings, affects the accuracy and life of rolling bearings. The present paper discusses the dynamic modelling of rolling bearing slippage, drawing on the research conducted by both domestic and international scholars in this field. The variations in rotational speed and revolution speed, the fluctuations in sliding speed between the inner ring raceway and outer ring raceway, as well as the impact of bearing load and speed on rolling element slippage during the process.
A new power prediction model for wind power generation
Authors: Yang Jiacheng , Wen Shiyuan , Lin Jia
Published: July 2024

A wind power generation forecast model based on WOA-SVM is presented to exploit effective information in different data sets completely. This model addresses the difficulties associated with parameter selection, low prediction accuracy, and susceptibility to local optima in short-term wind energy prediction. The model systematically investigates the relationship between various wind parameters (mean wind speed, maximum wind speed, minimum wind speed, mean wind direction, and mean hull position) and wind power. It then evaluates the model’s performance using mean absolute error and coefficient of determination. The predictive outcomes of the WOA-SVM model are contrasted with those of the SVM model, PSO-SVM model, and extreme learning machine (ELM) model, utilising authentic data from a wind farm located in northern China in the year 2021. The overall evaluation indicates that the WOA-SVM model outperforms the other models in short-term wind energy prediction, demonstrating superior prediction accuracy.
Aided assembly technology of satellite honeycomb sandwich panel insert based on virtual and real fusion
Authors: Wang Bin , Liu Lixia , Xue Wenjuan , Yang Fenglong , Hong Youxie , Zhou Yong , Wang Kai , Niu Hairui
Published: July 2024

Aiming at the problems of frequent low-level quality and difficulty in improving assembly efficiency in the assembly process of satellite honeycomb sandwich panel insert, the 3D model of the honeycomb sandwich panel is formed into high-definition model projection image by feature processing and extraction for 3D process information, and the virtual-real fusion insert aided assembly system is constructed, which is composed of core components such as camera, high-definition projector, and measurement software. Through structured light projection technology and projection algorithm based on landmark point transformation, the projection image can be accurately matched with the contour and hole position of the physical, structural panel, which can effectively assist the assembly process of the insert and reduce the low-level quality problems such as wrong use of parts and reverse polarity assembly. Compared with the traditional manual assembly method, the efficiency is improved by more than 200%, and the error rate is reduced by more than 300%.