bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La santé dans les Pays de la Loire
Authors: Sztokman Nicole
Published: November 2022

La population des Pays de la Loire bénéficie d’un niveau de santé satisfaisant. Comparée à la moyenne nationale, la région se caractérise en effet par une sous-mortalité modérée, sauf dans une large fraction du département de Loire-Atlantique. Ce constat, qui s’inscrit dans un contexte régional de densité médicale relativement faible par rapport à la moyenne nationale et de relatif sous-équipement, incite à s’interroger sur l’importance des comportements individuels et collectifs en matière de santé.
Le nouvel aménagement portuaire russe dans le golfe de Finlande
Authors: Cabanne Claude , Varnakov Anatoly , Efimov Oleg
Published: November 2022

Après la disparition de l’URSS, Saint-Pétersbourg est devenu le seul grand port russe de la mer Baltique, ce qui lui a permis de développer son trafic. Mais cela ne suffit pas à assurer les échanges de la Russie sur cette façade. Cinq projets nouveaux ont été élaborés et commencent à prendre forme dans le golfe de Finlande, deux au nord-ouest de Saint-Pétersbourg sur le rivage de l’isthme de Carélie, trois à l’ouest entre la ville et la frontière de l’Estonie.
L’île d’Yeu revisitée
Authors: Miossec Alain
Published: November 2022

The last decade was troubled in Yeu island as a consequence of the new european policy toward sustainable use of ocean resources and of the coastal zone. Difficulties of thuna fishing on the one hand, protection of the coastline against house building on the other. However, the island has serious assets : know-how of the population, asserted insularity and recent wise management of the environment.
La description des îles des Açores à la fin du XVIe siècle dans Saudades da Terra de Gaspar Frutuoso
Authors: Marrou Louis
Published: November 2022

At the end of the 16th century, Padre Gaspar Frutuoso wrote Saudades da Terra, a document which rapidly imposed itself as the main source of information about the time the Portuguese first settled in the Azores archipelago. The preciseness of its description enables comparisons with the situation prevailing in the archipelago nowadays.
L’armement morutier des Sables-d’Olonne et la décharge nantaise au XVIIIe siècle (1733-1742)
Authors: Saupin Guy
Published: November 2022

In the eighteenth century, the port of Nantes receives half the cod fishing of the Sables-d'Olonne. Delivered by boats of medium tonnage, according to a very sensitive rythm to the military situation, cods are widely redistributed towards the inner kingdom. This trade is dominated by a few powerful families who establish their reputation on public offices and landed properties, including the precious salt marshes.
De Rome à Loctudy : la naissance difficile d’un mouvement international des pêcheurs artisans
Authors: Le Sann Alain
Published: November 2022

Since 1984, the year when the international conference of fishworkers and their supporters was held in Rome, NGOs'' networks have set up the emergence of an international organization of artisanal fishermen. In Loctudy, in october 2000, the project finally failed.
Mutations structurelles et dynamiques spatiales des pêches bretonnes
Authors: Couliou Jean-René
Published: November 2022

This paper shows that the breton fishing industry changes are going on and weaken fishing activities and communities. Behind traditional characteristics (strongness, diversity), these changes have undergone ancient bases. That’s why the balances, established for the past fifty years between the breton coastal regions, have been challenged.
Les conflits autour des hors-sols agricoles en Loire-Atlantique
Authors: Juin-Rialland Cécile
Published: November 2022

Country lands of Loire-Atlantique are affected by conflicts concerning feedlots. The aim of this paper is to study the distribution and the system of factors, actors and stakes which produce tenseness at different scales.
Coopération agricole, dynamisme industriel et préoccupation tiers-mondiste : un exemple en Finistère
Authors: Calvez Eugene
Published: November 2022

Fondée en 1930 la coopérative laitière de Ploudaniel (Finistère) représente la doyenne de Bretagne dans son domaine d’activité. De 1960 à 1983, sa collecte croît considérablement. Depuis l’instauration des quotas notamment, ce groupe coopératif breton, dénommé maintenant Even, a multiplié les diversifications industrielles, souvent en partenariat. En 2000, ce groupe agroalimentaire a généré un chiffre d’affaires de 5,2 milliards de francs (793 893 millions d’euros). En 1979, intervient la mise en place d’une commission " tiersmonde" au sein de la coopérative de Ploudaniel. Depuis cette date, chaque année, 1 % des intérêts du capital social est affecté à des aides ciblées en direction de pays en voie de développement. Depuis sa création, cette commission a distribué sept millions de francs (1,068 million d’euros), essentiellement en Afrique et Asie.
Ouvriers des villes, ouvriers des campagnes
Authors: Berger Martine
Published: November 2022

En France, au cours des trois dernières décennies, les effectifs et les localisations des ménages d'ouvriers ont considérablement évolué. À côté d'une classe ouvrière principalement urbaine, vivant dans les banlieues des villes industrielles, souvent logée dans le parc social, les ouvriers propriétaires de pavillons se sont dispersés dans les espaces ruraux et périurbains. Moins groupée dans l'espace, la population ouvrière est aussi de plus en plus composite. Ces évolutions sont décrites tant au niveau des départements qu'à l'échelle communale dans la région métropolitaine de Paris.
La mobilité résidentielle dans les campagnes nantaises
Authors: Jousseaume Valérie , Croix Nicole
Published: November 2022

Through the case of La Chapelle-Basse-Mer, 25 km away from Nantes-city, this paper investigates 3 questions about the new inhabitants. Have they really an important residential mobility ? Most of them were living less than 15 km away from La Chapelle-Basse-Mer. Do the new inhabitants come from Nantes city ? The urban discharge counts for 20 to 25% in immigration. Are the new inhabitants apparent in the landscape ? There is no easy correlation between new inhabitants’ incoming and the level of new houses’ building.
Les logiques territoriales de l’intercommunalité
Authors: Chaboche José , Baudelle Guy
Published: November 2022

S’intéressant aux modalités territoriales de l’intercommunalité, on étudie d’abord la diffusion du fait intercommunal et ses facteurs, avant d’analyser la carte des EPCI fiscalement intégrés, puis d’explorer la dimension des groupements intercommunaux dans ses relations avec la taille des communes et des pôles. On identifie alors plusieurs modèles territoriaux d’association intercommunale. L’article permet de conclure que la construction de l’intercommunalité combine une logique proprement géographique renvoyant à la situation et aux caractères des communes et une logique d’appariement politique trop peu soucieuse de la fonctionnalité du territoire de coopération.
Pour une gestion conservatoire durable du massif dunaire de l’île Blanche : méthodes et résultats
Authors: Andreu-Boussut Vincent , Rufin-Soler Caroline , Waerbeke Delphine van
Published: November 2022

Le "contrat Nature" passé entre la commune de Locquirec (Finistère) et le Conseil régional de Bretagne a donné l’occasion aux auteurs, dans le cadre d’une recherche menée au sein du laboratoire Géomer,

d’expérimenter une démarche intégrée dont l’objectif est la gestion conservatoire du massif dunaire de l’île Blanche. Après un état des lieux de la dynamique du système dunaire et une analyse des origines des perturbations, un programme concerté d’intervention a pu être défini. Ces propositions de restauration et de protection, en partie expérimentales, sont discutées dans une dernière partie au regard de la réalisation des travaux, des usages sociaux renouvelés de cet espace récréatif et de la réaction du géosystème.
Midi méditerranéen et risques écogéographiques
Authors: Bousquet Bernard , Péchoux Pierre-Yves
Published: November 2022

En Méditerranée, des relations d'ordre systémique aptes à expliquer sa probabilité permettent de décrire l'émergence d'un nouveau midi. Par leur intermédiaire sont caractérisés des processus, possiblement à l'origine de risques écogéographiques. Les conséquences de l'usage des incendies de broussailles et de la pratique généralisée de l'irrigation conduisent en effet à désassujettir la méditerranéité des lieux de leurs limites bioclimatiques zonales. Aussi les risques écogéographiques introduits par ces deux procédés historiques de mise en valeur définissent-ils aujourd'hui un autre midi méditerranéen. Ce dernier oscille entre

paysage, résultat d'un processus ancien de méditerranéisation du couvert végétal, et environnement, produit d'un méditerranéisme récent qui affecte le cadre de vie traditionnel. Ces processus modifient en effet la signification du feu traditionnel, en en faisant un incendie, comme de l'irrigation dont sont déplacées les limites spatio-temporelles anciennes. La conséquence d'une référence incertaine au paysage ou à l'environnement conduit à transformer la méridionalité de ce sud en un midi méditerranéen idéel, flattant l'imaginaire géographique de sociétés consommatrices d'espace, avides d'ambiance privilégiée, promptes à mythifier les lieux et désinvoltes face au risque écogéographique qu'elles développent.
L’autoroute Saint-Jacques-Lalin-Orense et son impact sur le paysage rural galicien
Authors: Freire Boado M.A. , Lois Gonzales Ruben Camilo , Lopez Bedoya Juan
Published: November 2022

Le traditionnel manque d’une vision environnementale dans les études préalables à la réalisation de grands travaux routiers en Galice, se maintient jusqu’à nos jours, en faveur de critères purement économiques. L’autoroute Saint-Jacques-Orense représente le dernier exemple. Les analyses préalables simples et énumératives sur le milieu physique ont entraîné de graves impacts environnementaux et paysagers qui auraient pu être évités en donnant une plus grande importance à des études exhaustives d’orientation géosystémique en relation avec la réalité physique du territoire.
Affirmation de l’identité régionale par la maîtrise environnementale des transports – exemple de la plate-forme multimodale de Dourges (Pas-de-Calais)
Authors: Lanneaux Marie-Agnès
Published: November 2022

The "Nord-Pas-de-Calais" is a region where the territorial identity is developing but this region has a bad picture in spite of many qualities. Various acts lead by local and national people. This paper examines the transport in the North France, area of circulation between the South – Europe and the the North – Europe. Different planning and implementing strategies, together with various human roles and attributions, are then brought into play so as to develop the territory in question and to preserve environment (example of "Plateforme multimodale de Dourge").
La politique européenne des transports de marchandises dans les Alpes
Authors: Beauchet Bruno
Published: November 2022

L’article montre la nécessité d’une réflexion à l’échelle européenne de l’ensemble des problématiques liées aux transports dans les Alpes. De par sa morphologie et sa position stratégique, ce massif met en lumière la multitude des maux engendrés par les transports. L’essor de ce domaine au cours des dernières décennies confère un rôle important à cet espace au sein de l’économie européenne et cette croissance des flux a directement modifié les cadres et modes de vies des populations locales. Malgré les avantages acquis par une plus grande mobilité et par une meilleure accessibilité territoriale, les transports occasionnent de nombreuses nuisances dans les régions alpines. Le cadre national doit maintenant être dépassé car seule une politique à l’échelle européenne permettra de remédier à l’ensemble des problèmes liés aux flux transalpins en mettant un terme dans un premier temps aux divergences d’intérêts des pays, puis dans un second temps aux disparités sociales, techniques et structurelles, héritées de l’histoire, qui engendrent une concurrence déloyale. Outre la gestion de l’espace et l’amélioration de la mobilité des biens et des personnes, la politique européenne des transports vise à inclure des concepts qualitatifs tels que la sécurité, l’environnement et l’aménagement du territoire pour favoriser la cohésion européenne et la coopération transfrontalière.
L’évaluation "pragmatique" de la durabilité de la mobilité urbaine
Authors: Fusco Giovanni
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a research projet for a thesis : Elaboration of a systemic model of urban sustainability. The example of daily mobility in Nice and Genoa areas in respect for a international comparison (dir. A. Dauphiné, Nice-Sophia Antipolis University and G. Rabino, Polytechnic of Milan).
Firme-réseau et logique d'entreprise étendue : l'organisation territoriale du système Airbus
Authors: Zuliani Jean-Marc
Published: November 2022

The territorial organization of Airbus’s industrial system reveals the construction of a model of "networkcompany" based on a split of work between several european cities (Toulouse, Nantes, Hamburg, Bristol, Madrid), headquarters that cumulate either "uphill" functions of conception, assembly, and fabrication activities ; and for Toulouse, commandment and coordination center of "meccano" Airbus, "downhill" services of commercialization and maintenance. At the european scale, the functioning of a networkcompany prevail by the stuff and information exchange between the production sites ; and by putting into place a sophisticated logistic for the transport of the components towards the sites of the final assembly in Toulouse. In Airbus’s industrial system cities, the oak of competence and relations that associate the Airbus’s manager to its industrial partners, scientists and to the sub-treatment companies forms a structure of "extended company".
Les enjeux de l'innovation pour l'industrie : le regard d'un acteur économique
Authors: Jan Philippe
Published: November 2022

La région Pays de la Loire possède une économie dynamique, reposant sur une industrie forte et diversifiée. Les enjeux de l’innovation y sont vitaux, et les entreprises doivent donc innover dans toutes les directions : les produits, les technologies, les formations, les organisations, les échanges et coopérations.
L'alliance Renault-Nissan : l'innovation d'une intégration sans fusion
Authors: Cosaert Patrice
Published: November 2022

La construction automobile constitue aujourd’hui l’un des secteurs les plus concentrés de l’industrie tant au niveau français qu’au niveau européen ou mondial. Moins d’une dizaine de groupes significatifs subsistent aujourd’hui, dont six ensembles intercontinentaux majeurs. Parmi ceux-ci, l’Alliance Renault-Nissan conclue en mars 1999, revêt un caractère original : c’est en effet le seul ensemble à préserver non seulement l’identité des deux partenaires au niveau de la marque, mais aussi une réelle indépendance stratégique et de conception qui fait que les deux entreprises demeurent réellement égales. Les géographes ont tout intérêt à connaître cet exemple d’intégration sans fusion qui aboutit à la constitution d’une forme originale d’organisation multipolaire car celle-ci repose sur une mise en commun des compétences et une répartition des tâches qui conduiront nécessairement à une nouvelle géographie des sites de production au niveau mondial, notamment par la construction de plates-formes communes.
Les problèmes d'environnement dans une région d'extraction pétrolière : la région de Nijnevartovsk située sur le territoire Khanti-Mansi (Russie)
Authors: Fattal Paul
Published: November 2022

L’oblast de Tioumen (Russie) est depuis les années 1960 un vaste champ d'exploitation pétrolière qui fournit l''essentiel du pétrole russe. Cette extraction ne s'est pas faite sans dégâts pour les milieux. Forêts, sols et rivières sont pollués et dans la plupart des cas les seuils acceptables sont dépassés. Cette pollution peut être directe, due aux déversements ou au brûlage des torchères, à proximité des gisements. Elle est aussi indirecte en affectant l'atmosphère. Cet état général de l'environnement n'est pas sans conséquence sur le vivant et plus spécialement sur la santé publique. Aujourd''hui, la production semble plus respectueuse de l'environnement et des tentatives de biorestauration sont effectuées sur des zones marécageuses polluées.
Migration et alimentation
Authors: Calvo Emmanuel
Published: November 2022

C'est un travail d'observation et d'analyse de la pratique alimentaire dans le processus suivi par les groupes ethniques et culturels pour leur insertion au sein d'une société nouvelle ; il présente :

-une reconnaissance des principaux domaines catégoriels (pour le processus d'insertion socio-économique et pour la pratique alimentaire) ;

-l'identification et l'analyse des faits alimentaires communs aux différents groupes étudiés ;

-l'avancement d'un premier outillage conceptuel ;

-un classement des styles alimentaires d'après les conditions et positions sociales prises en compte ;

-l'amorce d'une réflexion critique sur l'état de la connaissance.
L'Europe des universités
Authors: Vassal Serge
Published: November 2022

Etude de la fonction universitaire et des ensembles universitaires en relation avec les villes universitaires, dans le cadre des trois grands Etats de la C.E.E. ; comparaison avec le système américain. Le cadre des Etats est choisi comme référence géopolitique et systématique. L'analyse d'une trentaine de cas est faite à des niveaux différents pour permettre une typologie nuancée et étudier les interactions des réseaux universitaires et des implantations locales avec les villes et les régions (Problème de la centralité). Des pistes de recherche sont proposées : coordonner planification universitaire et planification urbaine, privilégier les extensions périphériques, équilibrer les flux et les spécialités en relation avec le tissu d'activités, utiliser la carte universitaire pour réduire les inégalités régionales.
Boire dans les Andes
Authors: Saignes Thierry
Published: November 2022

L'usage indigène de l'alcool dans les Andes centrales (Pérou, Bolivie) ne traduit pas seulement les conditions d'exclusion sociale et d'aliénation culturelle des buveurs.

Il renvoie à une vaste cosmologie dans laquelle l'alcool doit stimuler la circulation des liquides et donc (par l'entremise des morts) la reproduction générale de la fertilité. Il renvoie encore à des conduites de transgression verbale qui expriment la volonté de dépasser la condition d'indianité. Enfin les innombrables débats auxquels ont donné lieu les conduites d'énivrement révèlent que tout discours sur l'alcool est en fait un discours sur la société.
L’acculturation en question. Approche analytique à travers les dessins d'enfants amérindiens (Guyane française)
Authors: Mohia Nadia
Published: November 2022

Acculturation brought into question.

An analytical approach through the drawings of Amerindian children (French Guiana)

Acculturation in a large number of present-day traditional societies is inseperable from an inter-cultural communication relationship mediatized by individuals. It is at least what Amerindian children teach us through their drawings. In this way some obvious factors are demolished : for example that the phenomenon is the result of a confrontation between dominant societies and dominated ones at the same time as they confirm the ethnological illusion forcing the other cultural reality into the category of a subject for study involving the setting aside of an essential part of the phenomenon. If there is a problem of acculturation, it involves first of all the model from the other culture. So the whole perspective should be changed with regard to ethnology in particular.
Silhouette Lymphangioma: An Unknown Macular Form of Cutaneous Lymphangioma
Authors: Tas Betul , Andac Seyda , Caglar Aysel
Published: November 2022

Unusual angiomatous or lymphangiomatous vascular malformations are rarely seen. One of them is lymphangioma (LA), which is a rare benign lymphovascular abnormality. LA is usually seen in the types of circumscriptum (or capillary), cavernous and cystic. Here, we report a unique case of LA with a patchy appearance. The patient presented due to unusual symptoms and eccentric clinical manifestation of the lesion. Here, we present a new lymphatic entity which was diagnosed as LA with its clinical, radiological and pathological findings. Written informed consent of the patient was obtained for this report. To the best of our knowledge this macular form of cutaneous LA has not been previously reported in literature. Macular LA should be kept in mind when faced with a colored long-term macular lesion on the skin.
Is Burnout Related to Spiritual Intelligence? Correlation Between Burnout and Spiritual Intelligence Among Residents of an Iranian Dental School
Authors: Yaghoubi Zahra , Mousavi Malake
Published: November 2022

Background: Burnout during stressful dental residency courses can adversely affect the personal abilities and competencies of residents. This study aimed to investigate burnout and its relationship with spiritual intelligence in Mashhad Dental School residents in 2019-2018. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, approximately all the dental residents of Mashhad Dental School participated in the survey. Demographic information questionnaire, Maslach burnout questionnaire, and David B. King’s (2008) Spiritual Intelligence Scale were used to collect data. Finally, SPSS software (version 20) was employed for data analysis. Results: Overall, 53 women (52%) and 49 men (48%) with a mean age of 27.83 years participated in this study (a response rate of 97%). The mean score of burnout was 58.75. Residents also had a low reduced personal accomplishment, moderate emotional fatigue, and moderate depersonalization. The mean scores of spiritual intelligence and its sub-scales, including critical existential thinking, production of personal meaning, awareness transcendence, and consciousness expansion were 51.91, 15.66, 13.19, and 14.67, respectively. Personal accomplishment was significantly correlated with overall spiritual intelligence (P<0.001, r=0.404) and its sub-scales, including producing personal meaning (P=0.009, r=0.26), transcendental awareness (P<0.001, r=0.382) critical thinking (P=0.04, r=0.2), and conscious state expansion (P<0.001, r=0.356). Eventually, there was no significant difference between burnout and spiritual intelligence and their sub-scales regarding gender, marital status, and school year (P<0.05). Conclusions: Mashhad Dental residents showed moderate levels of emotional fatigue and spiritual intelligence. Accordingly, there is a need for planning strategies to reduce burnout.
The Effect of Gamma Values in Detection of Internal Root Resorption in CBCT Images: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Habibi Kia Ali , Khataminia Mohsen , Khataminia Masoome
Published: November 2022

Background: Accurate and early diagnosis of internal root resorption is essential for determining the outcome of treatment and prognosis. Several digital processing algorithms have been introduced for the diagnosis of internal root resorption. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of gamma values in the detection of internal root resorption in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methods: A total of 45 healthy extracted single-rooted teeth were selected for the study. The teeth were mesiodistally sectioned at the central groove of their occlusal surface using a diamond disc (0.1 mm diameter). Internal root resorption was simulated at the cervical, middle, and apical regions of a root canal. CBCT images were prepared by gamma values (low, medium, and high modes). Data were analyzed using McNemar tests, Cohen’s kappa coefficient, and the receiver operating characteristic curve. A P value less than 0.05 (typically≤0.05) was considered statistically significant. Results: Sensitivity and overall accuracy of CBCT images with all gamma modes (low, medium, and high) were high, and they were slightly higher in the high gamma mode (Sensitivity: 94% and overall accuracy: 100%) than in two gamma modes (low and medium). The sensitivity and specificity of high and medium gamma modes in three regions of the root canal (cervical, middle, and apical) were at optimal thresholds compared to the low gamma mode. Conclusions: Gamma modes, particularly the high gamma mode, in CBCT imaging can be adopted as a promising processing filter for the detection of internal root resorption.
The Effect of Non-surgical Periodontal Treatment on the Quality of Life of Patients With Moderate to Severe Periodontitis
Authors: Gholami Leila , Hedayati Panah Morad , Farhadian Maryam , Pourjebreil Maryam , Hemmatian Sahar
Published: November 2022

Background: Compared to other oral conditions, the effect of periodontal diseases on the quality of life (QoL) has received less attention. Hence, the present study aimed at determining changes in QoL related to oral health in patients with periodontal diseases after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 60 patients with periodontal diseases (moderate to severe periodontitis) referring to the periodontics department. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) index questionnaire and OHIP-14 were completed for all patients in order to assess the effects of oral status on daily activities before and one month after scaling and root planning. Its association with the age and gender of patients was examined as well. Statistical data were analyzed using the t test, paired t test, and one-way ANOVA. Results: The results revealed that the QoL of patients with periodontal diseases improved after scaling and root planning (P=0.001). Based on the findings, changes in QoL were not associated with the patients’ gender (P=0.001 and P=0.001 for males and females, respectively) or age (P=0.001 and P=0.001 for less than or equal to 30 years and more than 30 years, respectively). Conclusions: This study suggested a positive association between non-surgical treatment (NST) of periodontal disease and oral-health-related QoL.
COVID-19 and the Risk for Hookah Users
Authors: Pilati Sarah Freygang Mendes , Flausino Carolina Simão , Modolo Filipe
Published: November 2022

After two years of the pandemic, there is still concern about COVID-19, mainly among non-vaccinated and specific groups such as patients at risk, particularly, a group of young people who may or may not be vaccinated and who are hookah users. These are exposed to trachea and lung damage considering that they use the equipment in closed places with little air exchange. Studies have shown that regular hookah users share the mouthpiece exchanging saliva and its contaminants; it well describes the presence of several bacteria in shared waterpipes, revealing potential biological hazards that may contribute to respiratory tract colonization, including case reports of patients with tuberculosis due to mouthpiece exchange. Although there is no research on the presence of coronavirus in hookah waterpipes, it was already proved that the virus is present in the self-collected saliva of 91.7% of patients with COVID-19. This coincidence may contribute to a much worse perspective of the COVID-19 pandemic in those locations.
Virus-Specific T Cells: Promising Adoptive T Cell Therapy Against Infectious Diseases Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Jalili Arsalan , Hajifathali Abbas , Mohammadian Mozhdeh , Sankanian Ghazaleh , Sayahinouri Maryam , Dehghani Ghorbi Mahmoud , Roshandel Elham , Aghdami Nasser
Published: November 2022

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving therapy for various hematologic disorders. Due to the bone marrow suppression and its long recovery period, secondary infections, like cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Bar virus (EBV), and adenovirus (AdV), are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in HSCT cases. Drug resistance to the antiviral pharmacotherapies makes researchers develop adoptive T cell therapies like virus-specific T cell therapy. These studies have faced major challenges such as finding the most effective T cell expansion methods, isolating the expected subtype, defining the functionality of the end-cell population, product quality control, and clinical complications after the injection. This review discusses the viral infections after HSCT, T cells characteristics during chronic viral infection, application of virus-specific T cells (VSTs) for refractory infections, standard methods for producing VSTs and their limitation, clinical experiences on VSTs, focusing on outcomes and side effects that can be helpful in decision-making for patients and further researches.
Recent advances in electrochemical strategies for bacteria detection
Authors: Khoshroo Alireza , Mavaei Maryamosadat , Rostami Masoume , Valinezhad-Saghezi Bahare , Fattahi Ali
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Bacterial infections have always been a major threat to public health and humans' life, and fast detection of bacteria in various samples is significant to provide early and effective treatments. Cell-culture protocols, as well-established methods, involve labor-intensive and complicated preparation steps. For overcoming this drawback, electrochemical methods may provide promising alternative tools for fast and reliable detection of bacterial infections. Methods: Therefore, this review study was done to present an overview of different electrochemical strategy based on recognition elements for detection of bacteria in the studies published during 2015-2020. For this purpose, many references in the field were reviewed, and the review covered several issues, including (a) enzymes, (b) receptors, (c) antimicrobial peptides, (d) lectins, (e) redox-active metabolites, (f) aptamer, (g) bacteriophage, (h) antibody, and (i) molecularly imprinted polymers. Results: Different analytical methods have developed are used to bacteria detection. However, most of these methods are highly time, and cost consuming, requiring trained personnel to perform the analysis. Among of these methods, electrochemical based methods are well accepted powerful tools for the detection of various analytes due to the inherent properties. Electrochemical sensors with different recognition elements can be used to design diagnostic system for bacterial infections. Recent studies have shown that electrochemical assay can provide promising reliable method for detection of bacteria. Conclusion: In general, the field of bacterial detection by electrochemical sensors is continuously growing. It is believed that this field will focus on portable devices for detection of bacteria based on electrochemical methods. Development of these devices requires close collaboration of various disciplines, such as biology, electrochemistry, and biomaterial engineering.
Evaluation of osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on random and aligned polycaprolactone-polyaniline-gelatin scaffolds
Authors: KarbalaeiMahdi Ali , Moridi Kaykhosro , Ghollasi Marzieh
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds have gained tremendous attention because of their potential in tissue engineering. In this study, the aim was to reach a feasible setup from a ternary hybrid of polyaniline (PANI), gelatin (GEL), and polycaprolactone (PCL) to fabricate aligned and random nanofibrous scaffolds by electrospinning for tissue engineering purposes. Methods: Different setups of PANI, PCL, and GEL were electrospun. Then, the best aligned and random scaffolds were chosen. SEM imaging was done to observe nanoscaffolds before and after stem cell differentiation. Mechanical properties of the fibers were tested. Their hydrophilicity was measured using the sessile drop method. SNL Cells were then seeded onto the fiber, and MTT was performed to assess its toxicity. The cells were then differentiated. After osteogenic differentiation, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium content assay, and alizarin red staining were done to check the validity of osteogenic differentiation. Results: The two chosen scaffolds had an average diameter of 300 ± 50 (random) and 200 ± 50 (aligned). MTT was performed and its results showed that the scaffolds were non-toxic to cells. After stem cell differentiation, alkaline phosphatase activity was performed, confirming differentiation on both types of scaffolds. Calcium content and alizarin red staining also confirmed stem cell differentiation. Morphological analysis showed no difference regarding differentiation on either type of scaffold. However, unlike on the random fibers, cells followed a specific direction and had a parallel-like growth pattern on aligned fibers. Conclusion: All in all, PCL-PANI-GEL fibers showed to be capable candidates for cell attachment and growth. Furthermore, they proved to be of excellent use in bone tissue differentiation.
Role of nanostructured lipid carriers in the expression alterations of ATP-binding cassette transporter genes in fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata
Authors: Moazeni Maryam , Saeedi Majid , Kelidari Hamidreza , Roohi Behrad , Hedayati Mohammad T , Shokohi Tahereh , Nabili Mojtaba , Asare-Addo Kofi , Nokhodchi Ali
Published: November 2022

Introduction: This study was proposed to assess the potential role of efflux transporters in reversing fluconazole resistance in Candida glabrata isolates treated with fluconazole loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (FLZ-NLCs). Methods: The ultrasound technique was used to synthesize the FLZ-NLCs. Four fluconazole-resistant, as well as one susceptible standard C. glabrata isolates, were applied and exposed to FLZ/ FLZ-NLCs for 20 h at 37°C. Real-time PCRs were done to estimate the likely changes in ATP-binding cassette transporter genes. Results: Similar to the FLZ-exposed-susceptible standard strain which showed no alteration, the genes were not up-regulated significantly under the FLZ-NLCs treated condition. While they were over-expressed when the yeasts were treated with fluconazole. Conclusion: It is highly suggested that due to the nature of the NLCs which shields the whole conformation of the drug, FLZ is not recognized by the efflux transporter subunits and consequently the translocation would not happen.
Combination of pioglitazone and dendritic cell to optimize efficacy of immune cell therapy in CT26 tumor models
Authors: Tokhanbigli Samaneh , Alavifard Helia , Asadzadeh Aghdaei Hamid , Zali Mohammad Reza , Baghaei Kaveh
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The maturation faith of dendritic cells is restrained by the inflammatory environment and cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and its downstream component. Therefore, introducing the suitable antigen to dendritic cells is crucial. However, reducing the severity of the suppressive tumor microenvironment is indispensable. The present study examined the combination therapy of lymphocyte antigen 6 family member E (LY6E) pulsed mature dendritic cells (LPMDCs) and pioglitazone against colorectal cancer (CRC) to elevate the effectiveness of cancer treatment through probable role of pioglitazone on inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Methods: Dendritic cells were generated from murine bone marrow and were pulsed with lymphocyte antigen 6 family member E peptide to assess antigen-specific T-cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assay with Annexin/PI. The effect of pioglitazone on interleukin (IL)-6/STAT3 was evaluated in vitro by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Afterward, the CRC model was established by subcutaneous injection of CT26, mouse colon carcinoma cell line, in female mice. After treatment, tumor, spleen, and lymph nodes samples were removed for histopathological, ELISA, and real-time PCR analysis. Results: In vitro results revealed the potential of lysate-pulsed dendritic cells in the proliferation of double-positive CD3-8 splenocytes and inducing immunogenic cell death responses, whereas pioglitazone declined the expression of IL-6/STAT3 in colorectal cell lines. In animal models, the recipient of LPMDCs combined with pioglitazone demonstrated high tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Elevating the IL-12 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels and prolonged survival in lysate-pulsed dendritic cell and combination groups were observed. Conclusion: Pioglitazone could efficiently ameliorate the immunosuppressive feature of the tumor microenvironment, mainly through IL-6. Accordingly, applying this drug combined with LPMDCs provoked substantial CD8 positive responses in tumor-challenged animal models.
Studying the Performance, Achievements and Challenges of Providing Community-Oriented Mental Health Services: A Preliminary Case Study
Authors: Fakhari Ali , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh , Dorosti AbbasAli , Asl-Rahimi Vahab , Farahbakhsh Mostafa , Barzegar Habibeh , Gaem Magami Laleh , Azizi Hosein
Published: November 2022

Background. Primary health care system provides appropriate prevention and primary mental care services for the rural population, but not in urban areas. Therefore, the Community Mental Health Center (CMHC) was developed to provide mental health services in urban areas. The present study aimed to outline the performance, achievements and challenges of CMHC in one of the main cities in north west of Iran. Methods. This was a case study with in-depth interview approach. The outcomes, implications, and challenges of CMHC in Tabriz city of Iran were evaluated from 2015 to 2019 using three methods: 1) in-depth interviews with two executive managers, 2) focus group discussion with managers and mental healthcare providers, and 3) collection of mental health care indicators which was collected from patient health records. After the final evaluations, the challenges and appropriate recommendations were presented for improving mental health services in urban areas. Results. A total of 17 specialists and general medical doctors collaborated in conducting the study. During the study, 1053 initial visits and/or screenings, and 2313 patients with psychological disorders were identified and recorded. Moreover, a total of 988 mental training sessions were held for patients and their families. Five main themes, including the necessity for establishment and objectives, implementation process, achievements, challenges, and recommendations, with many sub-themes were identified during in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Conclusion. It seems that CMHC is an appropriate strategy and model for providing basic mental health services, especially in metropolitan cities. Longitudinal studies with a randomized controlled trial design as well as cost-effectiveness evaluation studies are required to confirm CMHC in the Iranian context.
The Relationship between Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Job Burnout among University Librarians
Authors: Sayyadyankhah Leyla , Ghasemi Ali Hossein , Neysi Abdolkazem , Azadeh Fereydoon
Published: November 2022

Background. One of the important factors affecting human health that may reduce their efficiency and effectiveness in various organizations, including academic libraries, is job burnout. This negative phenomenon may deprive libraries of experienced manpower, disrupting the educational and information needs of library users, ultimately leading to the failure of the library and its organization in achieving the intended goals and missions. This study, with the aim of optimizing the performance of human resources, set out to identify the relationship between work-related musculoskeletal disorders and burnout in an effort to help in planning to reduce the rate of burnout. Methods. The study is descriptive in nature and correlational and applied in terms of purpose. It was done by census method on 126 librarians of Ahvaz public universities (Jundishapur and Chamran universities). The Cornel questionnaire was used to measure the amount of physical injury caused by work and the Maslach questionnaire was used to measure the degree of burnout. Data analysis was performed in two parts: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The significance level is considered to be equal to 5 percent. Results. The findings indicated that the total rate of musculoskeletal disorders (32.96) and total job burnout (1.72) were lower than the population average. The highest rate of musculoskeletal disorders was in the neck area (78.9%) and the lowest rate was in the lower leg (37.8%). No significant difference was observed between male and female librarians of Ahvaz public universities in the variables of musculoskeletal disorders caused by work and job burnout. Conclusion. In general, musculoskeletal disorders have a positive relationship with all dimensions of job burnout except for individual performance, and there is an increase in musculoskeletal disorders, there is also a corresponding rise in the rate of job burnout.
Identifying, Prioritizing, and Assessing Factors Influencing Customer Loyalty Covered by Supplemental Insurance
Authors: Dehghani Ghale Roohallah , Karimi Farzad , Ghorbani Dinani Hassan
Published: November 2022

Background. Given that the market environment is becoming specialized in different sectors, it is necessary to identify specialized indicators of customer loyalty and their priority to improve the provision of complementary health insurance services. This study aimed to identify, prioritize, and measure the loyalty indicators in people covered by supplemental insurance. Methods. An exploratory study was conducted using a mixed-method approach (qualitative-quantitative). In the qualitative section, a total of 20 interviews was conducted with faculty members, managers, and experts of insurance companies in Khuzestan province (Ahvaz city of Iran), and in the quantitative section, a total of 380 interviews was conducted with staff of supplementary health insurance. In the qualitative section, the data were first extracted using scoping review methodology, then coded and classified using the data-driven method. Next, each indicator was prioritized using the fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Smart PLS software. Results. Thirty eight articles was included in the scoping review. After the semi-structured interview, five indicators were identified, including customer satisfaction, customer trust, repurchase intention, recommendation to others, and brand preference. In our study, customer satisfaction (0.269), repurchase intention (0.233), brand preference (0.196), customer trust (0.155), recommendation to others (0.147), respectively, had the greatest impact on customer loyalty. Conclusion. According to the results, customer satisfaction was the most important factor influencing loyalty. Therefore, the managers of insurance companies should pay more attention to increase insured individual satisfaction and improved customer loyalty in companies.
Assessment of Parental Awareness level of children with Chronic Kidney Disease in Ahvaz
Authors: Eydivandi Zainab , Jafari Naleshkenani Fatemeh , Pendar Rahim
Published: November 2022

Background: Given the special care needs of children with Chronic Kidney Disease and the key role of the family in providing these health services, the level of parental knowledge and awareness about their child’s disease status is essential. This study We aimed to determine the parental levelawareness level of awareness of parents with children with Chronic Kidney Disease in Ahvaz. Method: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the census sampling method was used census. After completing demographic questionnaires and a researcher-made questionnaire, the level of parental knowledge and awareness was assessed in parents with children with Chronic Kidney Disease referred to Aboozar Hospital of Ahvaz. Results: The study involved 42 children with Chronic Kidney Disease and their parents. The mean±SD age of the children was 9.85 ±1.22 and the mean±SD duration of illness was 11.18 ± 9.38 months. Knowledge and awareness of parents were rated as 3 subjects (7.14%), 38 (90.4%), and 1 (2.3%) parentwith had poor Knowledge and awareness, 38 subjects (90.4%) as moderate, and 1 subject (2.3%) asggood knowledge and awareness, respectively. There was no significant difference in the level of knowledge and awareness between any of the studied demographic variables studied (P> 0.05). Except for occupation that there was only one employee and the average level of awareness was lower than that of housewives. (I don’t understand what you mean.) Conclusion: The results of this study showed that parents of children with Chronic Kidney Disease did not have a sufficient level of knowledge and awareness about their child care. So it seems necessary to provide training programs for this group.
Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage, HBS-Ab Level and its Related Factors among Dentistry and Medical Students
Authors: Shamloo Sajjad , Davoodian Parivash , Nematpour Koorosh , Hassani Azad Mehdi , Dadvand Habib
Published: November 2022

Background: In Iran, hepatitis B vaccination has been routinely performed for infants since 1993. This vaccination has also been suggested for individuals at risk. Recently, with the birth of children in 1993 and later to the age of entry to the university, assuming they were vaccinated against hepatitis B at birth, the issue of tracking the immunity of these students has been obscured or neglected. Moreover, the entry of some individuals born before 1993 to the university who have not been immunized against this disease in childhood, has made this issue more complicated. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage, HBS-Ab level and its related factors among dentistry and medical students. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study performed through providing a checklist and serological tests. After obtaining written consent from the students, the information of 300 students were entered into SPSS software, version 16.0, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Of the 300 students, 55%, 28.7%, and 16.3% had weak, medium, and good HBS-Ab titer with rates of less than 10, 10 to 100, and more than 100, respectively, moreover, the mean HBS-Ab titer was significantly different between different immune groups (Weak, Medium, and Good) (P = 0.000) (Write P<0.001 instead of P = 0.000). Vaccination coverage was at a very low level so that only 6.3% of the subjects completed the hepatitis B vaccination in the past 1 to 5 years (when entering university). the mean HBS-Ab titer was significantly correlated with the time elapsed since the last vaccination (P<0.05) (It was better to write the exact P values). The immunity level among the married individuals and clinical students was significantly higher compared to the single individuals and preclinical students, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions: Considering the low level of vaccination coverage among the students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (6.3%) compared with other universities, it is better to design a program that will allow all students enrolled in such fields to receive hepatitis B vaccination when entering the university.