bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mechanism of Energy Changes That Occur Depending on the Ratio of
Force and Speed in The Example of Bicycle Ergometric Testing
Authors: Yura Nedotsuk , Laptev Aleksej
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

For the first time, in the aspect of biophysics, the reasons for the increase in the power of the threshold of anaerobic metabolism developed by the test person during
functional diagnostics.

Methods:

This occurs with an increase in the pedaling frequency with which the specified load on
a bicycle ergometer in the range from 40 to 140 rpm (0.73-2.56 m/s) is overcome, have been substantiated.

Results:

It was determined that the ratio of force and velocity in the studied range of pedaling frequencies (muscle contractile speed) corresponds to the hyperbolic type with displaced axes

Conclusion:

At the same time, with an increase in pedaling frequency, power increases in a cubic dependence, and the rate of oxygen consumption by the test subject decreases linearly in the
process of overcoming the same fixed-power load set on a bicycle ergometer and vice versa.
Cell Death Mechanisms Elicited by Multifactorial Stress Inducers- A Minireview
Authors: Girigoswami Agnishwar , Girigoswami Koyeli
Published: December 2023

Throughout the cell cycle, the cells are exposed to various endogenous and exogenous factors
that could damage the cell at the molecular or extracellular level, leading to its death. Cells can
undergo oxidative stress when they are exposed to repeated doses of oxidants produced by metabolism
or the result of exposure to toxic chemicals, radiations, nanoparticles, harmful smoke, etc. Reactive
oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are examples of these oxidants, and the
body's primary defense, i.e., the antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant molecules, attempt to scavenge
them. Repair mechanisms can protect the DNA to some extent even when they are escaped from this
defense system. However, damaged cells can also choose to die in different ways. Different types of
cell death can be caused by exposure to different types of nanoparticles, nanostructures, toxic molecules,
oxidants, and radiation. This mini-review will discuss reported types of cell death in the literature
such as necrosis, necroptosis, secondary necrosis, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, oncosis, and
other eight types of cell death. The different pathways of these types of cell deaths are also described in
detail mentioning the differences of enzymes involved in these pathways.
A Complete Review of Block Chain Technology in the Health Sector
Authors: Kumar Giri Sourav , Dash Sujata
Published: December 2023

The health sector has been a huge market in recent times. It is drawing
minute attention regarding pathological tests, drug manufacturing and supply, clinical
trials and diagnosis by doctors and finally, recovery of patients quickly. The
technologies used in health care for the last decades are redundant. Clinical trials and
diagnoses by doctors can be made more accurate, better and faster with a past medical
history of the patient in hand. Drug manufacturing and distribution can be made
tampered proof and monitored properly by designing a transparent supply management
system for medicine and medical goods. Attempts were made in the past to record the
medical history of patients in a centralized database server, which lacks security,
immutability and consistency of the records. This paper reports a systematic review of
the application of revolutionary and disruptive Blockchain technology in healthcare
systems to address the above issues. Blockchain technology can be used to create
cryptographically immutable, time-stamped, distributed and tamper-proof ledger in a
distributed P2P network to maintain Electronic Health Records (EHR) in the health
care system. This technology removes all intermediaries between the source and
destination point of any transaction. In a Blockchain network, transactions are
cryptographically connected and hence merely difficult to modify the content of any
transaction. This review shows that a number of studies in the past have proposed the
application of Blockchain in health care. However, many of these used cases lack
detailed prototypes and consensus algorithms from an implementation point of view.
The review also highlights and depicts in detail the application of Blockchain in EHR
and medicine supply management systems. The review further highlights the
bottleneck of Blockchain and the area of its research in the near future.
Blockchain and Clinical Trials for Health Informatics
Authors: Adetunji Charles O. , Olaniyan Olugbemi T. , Adeniyi Mayowa J. , Omoruyi Pius Omosigho , Ghazanfar Shakira , Ajmal Wajya , Adeyomoye Olorunsola
Published: December 2023

Blockchain is part of the disruptive novel technology stemming from the
cryptocurrency and bitcoin, which became large-scale around the year 2011.
Subsequently, these technologies have triggered much need attention through the
development and growth of more novel cryptocurrencies resulting in transactions,
elections, peer reviews, democratic decision-making, identification and audit trails. The
health sector has benefited immensely from the rapid advancement in blockchain, such
as growth in biomedical research, drug traceability in the pharmaceutical sector,
clinical trials, biological testing, patient’s data management, health informatics, data
sharing, supply chain management of medical goods, legal medicine, telemedicine,
health record, remote patient monitoring, payment services and security. Thus, this
chapter will give a general overview of the principles, and applications of blockchain in
healthcare industries and possible challenges with ways to resolve them.
Blockchain: Blocking Hassles in Healthcare
Authors: Kukreja Jyoti , Chowdhary Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Healthcare institutions around the world are increasingly reliant on digital
databases for the storage of medical data. The unprecedented growth of healthcare
data’s scale and velocity has made it of paramount concern for the modern age. Digital
databases are vulnerable and adversely affect both the patient and the healthcare
industry as a whole. The risk of cyber threats can breach data and disrupt its integrity.
Maintaining both data integrity and patient privacy is critical to healthcare
organizations. Regulatory frameworks such as GDPR in the EU and HIPAA in the US
are both bodies for compliance rules for maintaining healthcare data privacy.
Unfortunately, the tendency of healthcare institutions to use proprietary systems creates
isolated silos of data that become difficult to secure using traditional methods.
A blockchain-based method provides a novel way of securing electronic healthcare
records using a decentralized peer-to-peer based network on top of these isolated silos.
Each block contains information and links to the other, forming a collective chain. This
chain enables it to regulate on its own to store and share information instead of relying
on a centralized system. Blockchain has many potential use cases in healthcare
applications and can help in patient monitoring, storage, securing data, health
information exchange, and clinical trial management, among others. The principle of
decentralization and cryptography, at its core, will help transform the Healthcare
system by improving the accessibility and security of patient information for the
modern age.
Through a systematic review of literature on Blockchain and healthcare data, this paper
aims to explore the current application methods, challenges faced, open questions, data
standards, and compliance issues that are core to implementing a Blockchain-based
solution in the Healthcare industry. Further, the present study seeks to explore the
concerns and scope of the blockchain experts operating in the healthcare industry.
Blockchain Technology: The Future of Decentralized Applications
Authors: Dash Sujata , Kumar Giri Sourav
Published: December 2023

The advances in computer science & technology have gone to new levels.
The process of computational technology and ubiquitous computing is expanding
exponentially daily. The computer system & its related inventions have become an
integral part of our lives. People & services are migrating towards clouds and
decentralized platforms. Nowadays, commerce & finance on the Internet rely on trusted
third parties like banks to process electronic online payments. Though it fits well with
most transactions, it still suffers from the inherent weakness of trust-based models.
Blockchain Technology- the technology behind the cryptocurrency Bitcoin is buzzing a
lot nowadays to invent and witness the future of data storage & processing in an
efficient, decentralized, tamper-proof, and peer-to-peer (P2P) network. Nowadays, the
use of blockchain is not confined to crypto-currencies only. This revolutionary
technology is drawing its impact & use in many fields and applications. Primarily, a
blockchain network can be used for storing, sharing & transparently transferring data
without the intervention of third parties and other intermediaries. In a blockchain
network, blocks are added using a consensus algorithm & connected cryptographically.
Hence it is merely impossible to delete and modify the content of blocks stored in a
blockchain network. Other advantages of this technology include consistency, security,
transparency, distributed ledger, decentralized network, etc. This paper systematically
reviews the work accomplished by many researchers for the past 11 years. Specifically,
the application & impact of blockchain technology in various fields like crypto currencies, the health sector, e-governance, banking, finance, and food supply
management systems have been discussed, and a projection of a novel application of
the same technology has been proposed.
Blockchain Distributed Ledger Technologies for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications
Authors: Olaniyan Olugbemi T. , Adeniyi Mayowa J. , Adetunji Charles O. , Omoruyi Pius Omosigho , Ghazanfar Shakira , Ajmal Wajya , Adeyomoye Olorunsola
Published: December 2023

The distributed ledger technology in the healthcare sector has been reported
to be very important in generating patient information for research, medication
adherence, management of several bedside information about patients, pharmaceutical
supply chain, and quality of care. Its application has been documented in the
biomedical domain and blockchain technology such as custom, IOTA, NEM, Gcoin,
JUICE, TenderMint, Multichain, Hyperledger Fabric, Ethereum, Bitcoin, as well as in
data integrity, data auditing, data provenance, data versioning, access control and non-repudiation. Therefore, this chapter will give an overview based on the applications of
Blockchain distributed ledger technologies for biomedical and healthcare systems.
Effectiveness of Machine and Deep Learning for Blockchain Technology in Fraud Detection and Prevention
Authors: Kumar Yogesh , Gupta Surbhi
Published: December 2023

Blockchain was formerly originated to prevent fraud in digital currency
exchanges. Blockchain refers to a collective decentralised ledger that is unaffected by
tinkering. It provides the confirmed contributor access to the store, views, and shares
the digital information in a situation that is rich in safety, which in turn supports the
development of trust, liability, and transparent business associations. Identity theft and
fraud safety are endless challenges for everyone in buying and selling. With each
novelty in security technology, hackers and fraudsters learn how to outsmart the
technology and breach these networks. The first section of the chapter describes the
structure of the blockchain, its framework, the pros and cons of combining these
technologies, and the role and importance of machine and deep learning algorithms in
fraud detection and prevention in the blockchain. The next section focuses on the
reported work, highlighting different researchers’ work for fraud detection and
prevention using Blockchain technology. The chapter’s final section comprises a
comparative analysis based on various performance parameters such as accuracy, the
area under the curve, confidence, true negative, false positive, and truly positive for a
different type of fraud detection using blockchain technology.
A női sportolók melltartójának egyéni és a sportági jellegzetességei: irodalmi áttekintés
Authors: Nagy Imola , Koller Ákos , Debreczeni Zoltán Béla
Published: December 2023

A mellek természetes módon nagyon kevés támogatást kapnak, mivel a mellizmok (pectoralis izom) előtt helyezkednek el anélkül, hogy az izmokhoz, vagy erős szalagokhoz kötődnének, és maguk sem tartalmaznak izomszövetet. A melleket leginkább a bőr tartja, ill. támasztja alá, míg az ún. Cooper-szalagok (vékony szerkezetek) a mell tejtermelő részeit védik, de az emlőt nem emelik és tartják. Az emlő támasztásának hiánya, szükségessé teszi megfelelő védőviselet (melltartó) kiválasztását, hogy megelőzze annak visszafordíthatatlan károsodást, különösen az intenzíven sportoló nők esetében. Célunk, a megfelelő tartást és védelmet biztosító melltartóhasználat áttekintő összefoglalása volt a nemzetközi szakirodalom alapján. A Pubmed keresőjében „breast support”, „sports” és „bra fit” kulcsszavakkal megjelent cikkek alapján összefoglaltuk a témában megjelent kutatási eredményeket. Különböző mértékű védelem szükséges, a különböző sportokban A nem megfelelő méret, anyag, típus kiválasztása miatt, előfordul, hogy sok női sportoló nem kap elég mell-védelmet, ezért szükségük lenne megfelelő tanácsadásra és oktatásra. A mell mozgáscsökkentését leginkább szolgáló melltartó tulajdonságok: a kosaras (kapszulás) vagy kombinált melltartó kialakítás, a párnázottság, a főleg nylonszál tartalmú alapanyag, az állítható alsó pánt és a magasan záródó nyakkivágás. Ezen jellegzetességek figyelembevétele elősegítheti a sportág- és egyén-specifikus sportmelltartók tervezését. Összefoglalva, a megfelelő sportmelltartónak fontos szerepe van a mell sportolás során történő mozgásának mérséklésében, a mellfájdalom elkerülésében és a mell aszimmetria helyreigazításában. Az egyes sportágakra jellemző speciális mozgás, a test-test elleni küzdelem, a mell-jellegzetességek és egyéb szempontok miatt – a jövőben – a tömeggyártott egyen-méretek helyett, az egyénre és sportágra szabott 3D melltartó nyomtatására lesz szükség.
Efficacy of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) safety protocol at the 2021 Wrestling European Olympic Games Qualifier organized in Budapest
Authors: Ambrus Mira , Lacza Zsombor , Molnár Szabolcs , Shadgan Babak , Kőrösi Éva , Jenei Márton , Mensch Károly
Published: December 2023

Introduction and Aim: The pandemic Covid-19 imposes several difficulties to organize multi-day international sports events. This is - in part - due to the close physical contact among the athletes, known to promote the spread of virus, even in individual sports, such as wrestling. Thus, at the Wrestling Qualifier it was of utmost importance to introduce screening for the disease and exclude infected participants (and then isolate them). The medical team and the COVID Marshals worked together on developing a screening protocol and aimed to test the efficacy during this competition. Material and Methods: The event was attended by 281 competitors from 37 countries. The criteria to enter Hungary were a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, epidemiological and symptomatic negativity within 72 hours. We also performed Antigen rapid tests (ART, chromatographic immunoassay) and retesting if necessary. Upon departure a negative PCR test or a certificate issued after the end of the quarantine period was required. Results: In total, 1,287 PCR tests and 1,250 rapid tests were performed. At arrival, there were 21 PCR positive (1.4%) individuals, and they were quarantined. At the departure 6 PCR tests were positive (0.47%). One of the ARTs performed at the accreditation was positive. Conclusion: The medical staff has developed a successful protocol to screen for Covid-19 and isolate participants as indicated by the very low positivity for Covid-19 at departure. Thus such protocol can be used for organizing multi-day international sports events.
Logikai homológiák a gazdasági folyamatokban és a sportban (Kállai Gábor emlékére)
Authors: Magas István
Published: December 2023

A természet- és a társadalomtudományokban követett logikákat illetően számos azonosságot, ún. logikai homológiát találhatunk. A komplex rendszerek egyik jellemzője, hogy rendelkezniük kell egy olyan, speciális, ellenálló és regenerációs képességgel, amellyel a rendszert ért külső sokkokkal szemben ellenállónak bizonyulnak. Ezt a rendszerképességet (az angol ’resilience’ szó alapján) rezilienciának nevezik. Az alábbi cikkben, amikor közös tulajdonságokat (pl. rezilienciát) keresünk két komplex, nem determinisztikus rendszer „viselkedésében”, akkor azt találjuk, hogy mind a gazdasági folyamatokban, azoknak a makro-színterein, mind pedig a sakkjátékban és sok népszerű labdajátékban fellelhetőek ún. sokk-felszívó és probléma-megoldó képességgel azonosítható rendszerattribútumok, amelyeket összefoglalóan rezilienciának nevezhetünk. Az írás egyben emléket kíván állítani Kállai Gábornak, a sakk Nemzetközi Nagymesterének, egyetemi kollégának, aki rendkívül sikeres erőfeszítéseket tett a sakkjáték, e nagyon erős magyar olimpiai hagyományokkal is rendelkező sportág hazai népszerűsítéséért.
Edukacijska uloga Hrvatske liječnički komore
Authors: Luetić Krešimir , Bekavac Ivan , Pavičić Šarić Jadranka , Balint Ines , Bakula Miro , Štefančić Martić Vesna , Rogoznica Marija , Raguž Ivan , Ujević Boris , Babacanli Alen , Lerotić Ivan , Krolo Vikica , Šmit Ivana , Malović Mario , Zibar Lada
Published: December 2023

Hrvatska liječnička komora brine za postizanje i održavanje stručne osposobljenosti liječnika prema standardima suvremene medicinske znanosti kroz originalne projekte koji su članovima lako dostupni i besplatni. U sklopu sufinanciranog projekta EU-a Kontinuirano stručno usavršavanje liječnika opće/obiteljske medicine tiskana su četiri priručnika te je izrađena edukacijska elektronička platforma na kojoj polaznici mogu pogledati stotinjak predavanja iz različitih područja medicine. Kroz projekt se provode i trodnevne praktične radionice na naprednim modelima i simulatorima za vježbanje kliničkih vještina i usavršavanje u snalaženju u hitnim medicinskim stanjima. Digitalna platforma e-Akademija pruža mogućnost pristupa stručnim edukacijama i stjecanja bodova potrebnih za relicenciranje. Kroz e-Akademiju pristupa se elektroničkoj medicinskoj nakladi, bazi lijekova, bazi medicinskih smjernica, razvoju vještina, brige o mentalnom i fizičkom zdravlju. HeMED je internetski portal i mobilna aplikacija koja liječnicima, studentima medicine, ostalim zdravstvenim djelatnicima, ali i svima zainteresiranima na hrvatskome jeziku, u digitalnom obliku, osigurava besplatan pristup najnovijim, kontinuirano ažuriranim, izdanjima kapitalnih medicinskih knjiga. Također omogućava interaktivno pretraživanje knjiga i baza lijekova. Kroz Tečaj osnova medicinskog prava Pravna služba i dužnosnici Komore upoznaju mlade liječnike s osnovnim pravnim aktima iz zdravstvenog zakonodavstva, uključujući i Kodeks medicinske etike i deontologije. Komora je autor i vlasnik Digitalnog atlasa hrvatskog liječništva, najopsežnije i najkompleksnije digitalne baze podataka o liječnicima u Hrvatskoj koja prikazuje brojne sociodemografske pokazatelje i podatke u realnom vremenu te se kontinuirano nadopunjava novim analizama i prikazima podataka. Glavna edukacijska svrha ovog projekta jest opremiti donositelje odluka u zdravstvenoj administraciji valjanim i točnim podatcima, neophodnima za uspješno upravljanje elementima zdravstvenog sustava.
Organizacija stručne prakse studenata medicine u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Glavaš-Obrovac Ljubica , Marić Ivana , Pecotić Renata , Božić Joško , Seiwerth Sven
Published: December 2023

Dobro organizirana stručna praksa i mentorski sustav ključni su za obuku budućih liječnika. Cilj stručne prakse je omogućiti studentima ne samo da stečeno teorijsko znanje upotpune s praktičnim vještinama u realnom okruženju nego i razvoj komunikacijskih vještina i etičnosti u kontaktu sa bolesnicima, suradnicima i ostalim dionicima u sustavu zdravstvene skrbi. Programi stručne prakse studenta medicine na studijskim programima u Republici Hrvatskoj omogućavaju studentima medicine stjecanje praktičnog iskustva i poboljšavanje praktičnih kliničkih vještina. Praksa se provodi na sustavan i odgovoran način koji omogućava postizanje predviđenih ishoda učenja. Sustav praćenja i ocjenjivanja kvalitete održavanja stručne prakse treba uključivati evaluaciju od strane studenata i mentora kako bi se osiguralo da se postižu zadani obrazovni ciljevi. Velika je potreba i za ujednačenim kriterijima i programom edukacije mentora usklađenih između medicinskih fakulteta u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Mentoriranje tijekom specijalističkog usavršavanja doktora medicine
Authors: Cerovečki Venija
Published: December 2023

Mentoriranje tijekom specijalističkog usavršavanja, poglavito tijekom specijalističkog usavršavanja temeljenog na kompetencijama osnova je intelektualnog i profesionalnog razvoja specijalizanta. Specijalizanti očekuju od svojih mentora oštroumno vođenje tijekom razvoja vlastite karijere temeljeno na procjeni vještina i stavova. Mentoriranje tijekom specijalističkog usavršavanja treba pomoći specijalizanima da dosegnu svoj puni potencijal i dobro mentorstvo preduvjet je uspjehu tijekom specijalističkog usavršavanja. Najkorisniji oblik mentorstva tijekom specijalističkog usavršavanja svakako je pozitivan odnos mentora i specijalizanta, što uvijek rezultira povjerenjem i poticajnim okruženjem za učenje. Odnos mentora i specijalizanta definiran je kao dinamički obostrani odnos između iskusnog medicinskog profesionalca (mentor) i početnika (specijalizanta) s ciljem promocije i razvoja obaju dionika. Odnos mentora i specijalizanta dinamičan je i višeznačan, najbolje se može opisati kao simbiotski odnos u kojem oba dionika imaju odgovornosti i na dobitku su ukoliko je taj odnos optimalan. Mentor svakako treba tijekom mentoriranja, osim učinkovitosti, postići i kolegijalan i prijateljski odnos. Optimalno okruženje potiče učenje i postizanje optimalnih ishoda tijekom specijalističkog usavršavanja. Svaki specijalizant priželjkuje mentora „otvorenih vrata“ koji osigurava odgovor na sve nedoumice i pitanja koja se pojave tijekom specijalističkog usavršavanja.
Deset načina kako uspješno koristiti učenje temeljeno na analizi slučaja u medicinskoj izobrazbi
Authors: Pereza Nina , Tarčuković Janja
Published: December 2023

Učenje temeljeno na analizi slučajeva (engl. case-based learning; CBL) autentična je metoda aktivnog učenja u medicinskoj izobrazbi u kojoj studenti uče kroz rješavanje pisanih, visoko strukturiranih vodiča koji omogućavaju detaljnu i sustavnu analizu slučaja odabranog pacijenta (engl. case analysis). Iako se CBL primjenjuje za poučavanje kliničkog prosuđivanja, osnovnog procesa promišljanja kojeg liječnik provodi prilikom rješavanja slučajeva pacijenata te podrazumijeva postojanje barem određene razine prethodno stečenog znanja iz temeljnih kolegija kako bi se mogao riješiti određeni klinički problem, novija istraživanja upućuju na činjenicu da bi se CBL trebao koristiti kako u pretkliničkim tako i kliničkim kolegijima. Budući da CBL simulira stvarno djelovanje liječnika u praksi, njegova primjena dovodi do povećane motivacije studenata za učenje, pamćenja pacijenata u obrascima kliničkih obilježja i posljedično olakšanog prepoznavanja prilikom susreta u stvarnoj praksi. Stoga je od posebne važnosti potaknuti medicinske edukatore na primjenu ove metode učenja u svakodnevnom radu, posebice zbog nedavnog razvoja posebnih interaktivnih mrežnih aplikacija za analizu slučaja, koje dodatno pridonose kvaliteti i mogućnostima njezinog provođenja. U ovom je članku prikazano deset načina uspješnog korištenja CBL-a kroz odabrana iskustva Medicinskog fakulteta u Rijeci, uključujući obogaćivanje predavanja i seminara interakcijom sa studentima i stupnjevanjem samostalnosti studenata u savladavanju predviđenih ishoda učenja, primjenjivanje obrnute učionice u seminare ili vježbe, poticanje usmjerenog samostalnog učenja u virtualnom prostoru, primjenjivanje kao metode učenja u kliničkom poučavanju u zahtjevnim uvjetima, poticanje rane integracije kliničkih sadržaja u pretkliničke kolegije, korištenje analize slučaja kao metode vrednovanja, poticanje izdavaštva i prepoznatljivosti matične institucije, primjenjivanje u edukaciji medicinskih edukatora u unaprjeđenju nastavničkih kompetencija, popularizaciju medicinske edukacije u studenata i motiviranje studenata kao medicinskih edukatora.
E-učenje u upravljanju medicinskim obrazovanjem
Authors: Srok Antonija , Gligora Marković Maja , Jardas Antonić Jelena
Published: December 2023

Medicinsko obrazovanje smatra se financijski zahtjevnim jer u svojoj podlozi traži postojanje odgovarajuće infrastrukture, ljudske resurse i različite materijale u puno većoj mjeri od obrazovanja u drugim djelatnostima. Stoga je učinkovito upravljanje obrazovanjem od iznimne važnosti. Masovno korištenje alata za e-učenje zbog pandemije COVID-19 donijelo je brojne prilike za boljim upravljanjem u obrazovanju, ali i izazove, posebice za programe iz područja medicinske edukacije. Zbog potrebe evalvacije percepcije i kvalitete obrazovanja na daljinu značajno je porasla istraživačka aktivnost u ovom području. Kako bismo pregledali istraživanja u ovom području, proveli smo bibliometrijsku analizu 699 radova objavljenih od 2020. do 2023. o medicinskom obrazovanju i e-učenju i dali smo uvid u ključne bibliometrijske pokazatelje kao što su najproduktivnije zemlje, organizacije i časopisi. Analizom je uočen porast broja publikacija i citata, koji iznosi 7,8 citata po publikaciji. Najproduktivnija zemlja s obzirom na broj publikacija iz područja bile su Sjedinjene Američke Države, no mnoga su istraživanja u većem obimu provedena i u zemljama u razvoju. Analiza je pokazala kako je najutjecajniji časopis Medical Education. Analiza sadržaja i analiza ključnih riječi korištene su kako bi se identificirale glavne teme publikacija, koje su se bavile izazovima i iskustvima studenata, nastavnika i institucija te su bile usmjerene na prijediplomsko medicinsko obrazovanje, stomatološku edukaciju, sestrinstvo, kliničke vještine, anatomiju, radiologiju, telemedicinu, i primarnu zdravstvenu zaštitu. E-učenje će se u nekim područjima medicinskog obrazovanja zadržati trajno s obzirom da je dostupno većem broju studenata te ujedno smanjuje troškove obrazovanja. Osim toga, poboljšanje upravljanja obrazovanjem, razvojem visokokvalitetnih alata za e-učenje i uključivanjem postojećih iskustava pridonosi postizanju ciljeva održivog razvoja, što upućuje na kvalitetu zdravlja, kao i na kvalitetu obrazovanja.
Zdravstvena pismenost – kako prijeći s riječi na djela
Authors: Gongola Ana , Vuković Jacinta
Published: December 2023

Interes za zdravstvenu pismenost u posljednjih 25 godina neprekidno raste, što je vidljivo u naglom porastu broja publikacija na tu temu. Dok je u 1990-ima postojao tek mali broj publikacija o zdravstvenoj pismenosti, u posljednjih nekoliko godina broj objavljenih članaka doseže nekoliko tisuća godišnje. Najveće istraživanje o zdravstvenoj pismenosti u Europi proveli su 2012. godine Sørensen i suradnici (HLS-EU) u osam zemalja članica Europske unije, koje je pokazalo da gotovo polovica Europljana ima nisku razinu zdravstvene pismenosti. S druge strane, Miller i suradnici (2016.) dokazali su da se zdravstvena pismenost i adherencija mogu poboljšati za 22 % uvođenjem boljih informacija, učinkovitije komunikacije i strukturirane edukacije. U skladu s objavljenim nacionalnim politikama i programima vezanim uz poboljšanje zdravstvene pismenosti, aktivno se radi na povezivanju organizacija, stručnjaka, zakonodavstva, udruga, pojedinaca i obitelji u cilju poboljšanja zdravstvene pismenosti u Hrvatskoj. U Sandozu smo odlučili započeti s osnovama – osigurati da pacijenti dobiju razumljive informacije iz vjerodostojnih izvora. Stoga smo u suradnji s medicinskim stručnjacima razvili zdravstvene rječnike za bolesti s najvišim stopama morbiditeta i mortaliteta, kao i za rijetke bolesti kod kojih zdravstvena pismenost može imati značajan utjecaj na pacijenta i ishode liječenja. Rječnici su dostupni u tiskanom i digitalnom obliku, a do danas smo izdali 17 rječnika s više od 1000 pojmova u suradnji sa stručnjacima za pojedino terapijsko područje. U Sandozu vjerujemo da je zdravstvena pismenost projekt cjeloživotnog učenja i iznimno važna tema koja zahtijeva posvećen rad na svim razinama. Projekt zdravstvenih rječnika za nas je samo početak.
Učenje usmjereno na studenta u kontekstu vanjskog osiguravanja kvalitete
Authors: Petrušić Irena
Published: December 2023

Cilj: Cilj analize institucijskih dimenzija kvalitete koji se odnose na učenje usmjereno na studenta proizašlih iz institucionalnih akreditacijskih izvješća jest ukazati na institucionalne prakse i prepreke povezane s njihovom provedbom i poboljšanjem. Metode: U istraživanju je primijenjena analiza sadržaja koja omogućuje ekstrakciju elemenata teksta te njegovu naknadnu analizu i sistematizaciju. Teme proizašle iz ekstrakcije analiziranih dijelova izvješća odnose se na tematske cjeline koje su se dalje organizirane i sustavnije analizirane. Rezultati: Iz kvalitativnih podataka korištenih za analizu sadržaja proizašle su tri teme koje, u svojoj biti, pokrivaju suštinske institucijske dimenzije: poučavanje, učenje te institucijsko upravljanje. Kako pokazuju nalazi, učenje usmjereno na studenta je prisutan na hrvatskim sveučilištima u različitim oblicima, no još uvijek nedostaje sustavan pristup njegovoj provedbi i evaluaciji. Zaključci: Institucijski mehanizmi za osiguravanje kvalitete usmjereni na poticanje autonomije i odgovornosti studentskog učenja u konačnici dovode do poboljšanja institucijske kvalitete te bi visoka učilišta trebala razmotriti provedbu ovog pristupa na usklađeniji i sustavniji način.
Environmental Consequences in the Neighbourhood of Rapid Unplanned Urbanisation in Bangalore City
Authors: Ramachandra T.V. , Mondal Tulika , Settur Bharath , Aithal Bharath H
Published: December 2023

The knowledge of landscape dynamics aids in evolving strategies for the prudent management of natural resources to sustain ecosystem services. The availability of spatiotemporal remote sensing data with advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms has aided in assessing the ecological status in urban environments, markedly revealing complex patterns and interactions. The current communication presents landscape dynamics in the Bengaluru Urban district from 1973 to 2022 using a supervised machine learning technique based on the Random Forest algorithm with temporal Landsat data, which showed a 51.86% increase in the built-up area and a 26.28% decrease in the green cover. Rapid unplanned urbanization after globalization and the opening up of Indian markets (in Bengaluru city) has witnessed erosion in the natural surface (waterbodies and green cover) in the neighborhood, which has been impacting the health of the environment and people. Computation of fragmentation indices showed a decline of the native green cover by 177.2 sq. km. in the southern part of the district. Likely land use changes are predicted using the Cellular Automata Markov model considering the base case scenario. The analyses revealed a further possible increase in built-up to 1536.08 sq. km, a decrease in green cover by 14.32 sq. km by 2038, and the disappearance of water bodies, which highlights the need to mitigate the adverse impacts of land use changes through planned urbanization considering the environment and livelihood of local communities. The decline of heat sinks such as water bodies and green cover would contribute to an increase in the land surface temperature (LST), which would affect the microclimate of Bengaluru, highlighting the need to sustain ecosystem services to support the livelihood of local communities. Understanding the ecological significance of diverse habitat characteristics of the urban region and the prediction of likely changes in a high degree of spatial heterogeneity would assist the decision-makers in framing appropriate policies.
ChatGPT’s Performance in Cardiac Arrest and Bradycardia Simulations Using the American Heart Association's Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support Guidelines: Exploratory Study (Preprint)
Authors: Pham Cecilia , Govender Romi , Tehami Salik , Chavez Summer , Adepoju Omolola E , Liaw Winston
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

ChatGPT is the most advanced large language model to date, with prior iterations having passed medical licensing examinations, providing clinical decision support, and improved diagnostics. Although limited, past studies of ChatGPT’s performance found that artificial intelligence could pass the American Heart Association’s advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) examinations with modifications. ChatGPT’s accuracy has not been studied in more complex clinical scenarios. As heart disease and cardiac arrest remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, finding technologies that help increase adherence to ACLS algorithms, which improves survival outcomes, is critical.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the accuracy of ChatGPT in following ACLS guidelines for bradycardia and cardiac arrest.

METHODS

We evaluated the accuracy of ChatGPT’s responses to 2 simulations based on the 2020 American Heart Association ACLS guidelines with 3 primary outcomes of interest: the mean individual step accuracy, the accuracy score per simulation attempt, and the accuracy score for each algorithm. For each simulation step, ChatGPT was scored for correctness (1 point) or incorrectness (0 points). Each simulation was conducted 20 times.

RESULTS

ChatGPT’s median accuracy for each step was 85% (IQR 40%-100%) for cardiac arrest and 30% (IQR 13%-81%) for bradycardia. ChatGPT’s median accuracy over 20 simulation attempts for cardiac arrest was 69% (IQR 67%-74%) and for bradycardia was 42% (IQR 33%-50%). We found that ChatGPT’s outputs varied despite consistent input, the same actions were persistently missed, repetitive overemphasis hindered guidance, and erroneous medication information was presented.

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights the need for consistent and reliable guidance to prevent potential medical errors and optimize the application of ChatGPT to enhance its reliability and effectiveness in clinical practice.

CLINICALTRIAL
Whey Protein-Pectin Conjugate by Wet-Dry Heating: Optimization using Response Surface Methodology with Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Setiowati Arima Diah , Yeliani Elita , Hidayat Chusnul
Published: December 2023

The recent progress in glycation of proteins utilizing saccharides through the Maillard reaction has garnered substantial attention, with a specific emphasis on Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC). Conjugation mode is frequently intricate and poses challenges when scaling up for large-scale production. Consequently, this investigation sought to optimize the conditions of the WPC-pectin conjugation process using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in conjunction with Box-Behnken design (BBD). The experimentation was executed employing a cabinet dryer, incorporating both wet and dry heating procedures to yield a WPC-pectin conjugate exhibiting favorable functional properties. The independent variables investigated encompassed pectin concentration (ranging from 0 to 1%), pH (ranging from 6 to 8), and drying time (ranging from 2 to 6 hours), The measured responses encompassed the emulsion stability index (ESI), emulsifying activity index (EAI), and solubility. Analyzing the experimental data underwent scrutiny for model sufficiency through diagnostic plots, and a second-order polynomial equation was fitted through multi-response regression analysis, resulting in a high coefficient of determination (R 2 ) value. The most effective parameters were identified as a pectin concentration of 0.49%, pH 6.7, and a drying duration of 4.12 hours, yielding a peak ESI of 452.267 minutes, EAI measuring 49.95 m 2 g -1 , and solubility reaching 48.09%. Further experiments were conducted to validate these outcomes, and the presence of the Maillard reaction was confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR). The et-dry method demonstrated efficacy in producing WPCpectin conjugates with commendable functional properties.
The Influence of Conversation Role on Prosodic Entrainment in Mandarin Interactions
Authors: Xia Zhihua
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to find out how conversation role affects prosodic entrainment in Mandarin interactions. Tongji Games Corpus are adopted for this study, in which two interlocutors play unequal roles in Picture Ordering Games (information giver and information follower), and equal roles in Picture Classifying Games. Based on this corpus, two tests are conducted in this study, the Role Influence Test and Role Direction Test. In the analysis of Role Influence Test, it is found that the entrainment degree in Picture Ordering Games is significantly bigger than that in the Picture Classifying Games. In the analysis of Role Direction Test, it is found that information givers entrain more to followers in conversation. These findings provide evidences that conversation roles, as one type of the social factors, have influence on the degree and direction of prosodic entrainment in Mandarin interactions.
Research on Promoting the Integration of Patriotic Education in Universities, Middle Schools, and Primary Schools in the New Era
Authors: Di Wenhui
Published: December 2023

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, which is an era of exploration and progress, an era of innovative development, and an era of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the new era, various undertakings of the country have fully opened up a new situation, and new requirements have been put forward for patriotic education work. In the new era, the integration of patriotic education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools is facing new opportunities and challenges. It is urgent to conduct in-depth research on the problems in the integration construction and propose effective ways to build an integrated patriotic education.
Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) Bisbee Group, Arizpe area, northern Sonora, Mexico: Integrated biostratigraphy, age and provenance from U-Pb and Hf isotopes
Authors: González-León Carlos M , Sierra-Rojas María Isabel , Scott Robert W. , Solari Luigi A. , Lawton Timothy F. , Noury Mélanie , Vásquez-Salazar Michelle
Published: December 2023

New data on the stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, detrital zircon U-Pb, and Hf isotope geochronology of a Lower Cretaceous succession of the Bisbee Group in northern Sonora, Mexico that accumulated in the Altar-Cucurpe sub-basin help to constrain ages of their formations and documents the detrital provenance. These tectonically shortened strata, studied in the Arizpe area, crop out in the Cerro La Ceja block (CCB) composed of the upper Morita Formation, the complete Mural Limestone, and Cintura Formations, and the lower part of La Juana Formation. The Sierra Los Azulitos block (SAB), composed of the Mural Limestone, is thrust eastward over the CCB. A measured section of the Mural Limestone in the SAB block includes the upper Tuape Shale, Los Coyotes, Cerro La Puerta, and part of the Cerro La Espina members whose age is constrained as upper Aptian to lower Albian based on benthic and planktonic foraminifera, bivalves and echinoderms. The age of the boundary between the Morita and Tuape Shale Member is constrained by detrital zircon maximum depositional ages (MDA) of 115.8 ± 1.1 Ma and 113.9 ± 0.8 Ma, respectively. The MDA of the upper Mural is 111.6 ± 1.6 Ma and the MDA of basal Cintura Formation is 108.8 ± 1.1 Ma. The La Juana Formation has upper Albian bivalves and echinoderms.

About one-quarter of the detrital zircon grains dated from the five sandstone samples have Proterozoic ages with age peaks that clearly indicate provenance from basement rocks of southwestern Laurentia. More than two-thirds of the grains are of Jurassic and Early Cretaceous age in about the same proportions, and have main peaks at 166, 150, and 118 Ma. The Jurassic grains may have sources in rocks of the Jurassic Cordilleran continental magmatic arc of southwestern North America, and the most probable sources for the Cretaceous grains are arcs of the Peninsular Ranges batholith that by that time were located adjacent to coastal Sonora. Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous zircons dated from 195.3 to 106.8 Ma both have mixed εHf(t) values that range from 9.53 to -21.28, and TDM model ages between 0.4 to 0.8 Ga for the primitive grains, and 0.8 to 1.3 Ga for the more evolved zircons. The probable source for the Jurassic grains with negative εHf values might be local granites of that age in northern Sonora that have Neoproterozoic TDM model ages. In contrast, sources for the Jurassic zircon with positive Hf values may be Jurassic igneous and metaigneous rocks of the Peninsular Ranges Batholith of the Californias, although data reported are scarce. Similarly, the Early Cretaceous detrital zircon grains with mixed positive and negative εHf values may have provenance from igneous rocks of the Peninsular Ranges Batholith-Sierra Nevada magmatic arc.
Music Player Box
Authors: Maurya Akash Kumar , Vandana  , Kumar Abhishek , Kumar Abhinav
Published: December 2023

Abstract: In the realm of digital media, music players have emerged as indispensable tools for organizing, managing, and enjoying personal music collections. This project aims to develop a comprehensive music player application that caters to the diverse needs of modern music enthusiasts. The proposed application will encompass a wide range of functionalities, including seamless music playback, efficient music organization, and personalized user experience. The proposed music player application will be developed using a modern software development framework, ensuring crossplatform compatibility and adherence to industry best practices. The application's architecture will be designed to handle large music libraries efficiently and provide a responsive user experience. The primary objective of this project is to develop a comprehensive music player application that caters to the diverse needs of modern music enthusiasts. The application will provide users with a seamless and enjoyable experience for organizing, managing, and playing their personal music collections. It will encompass a wide range of functionalities. The development of a versatile and user-friendly music player application holds significant value in the realm of digital media. By providing seamless music playback, efficient music organization, and a personalized user experience, this application will empower users to enjoy their music collections to the fullest.
Awareness of Biological Hazards and Radiation Protection Techniques of Dental Imaging Among Dental students in South Chennai-A Questionnaire study
Authors: Pazhanivel Dr. K.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Aim and objectives: To assess the attitude and awareness about Biological Hazards of dental X-rays and appropriate radiographic protection techniques of dental imaging among dental students in South Chennai. Materials and methods: The study participants comprised of 100 undergraduate dental students (pre-clinical & clinical) in South Chennai, whose curriculum includes X-ray physics. The information was collected via an online 15 structured multiple choices questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson correlation co-efficient test to know the validity of questionnaire and any P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of all the 100 undergraduate dental students enrolled in this study, 80% of dental students were aware of harmful effects of dental X-rays. While majority of dental students (25%) were unaware about which speed film used to reduce radiation exposure. It was found less percentage of dental students (47%) were aware of the contraindication of radiography during first trimester of pregnancy. However, majority of dental students (68%) were aware of position-distance rule and remaining were unaware about this rule. Conclusion: This study highlights significant awareness among dental students in South Chennai regarding biological hazards and radiation protection techniques in dental imaging. The majority demonstrated a commendable understanding of crucial aspects, such as the harmful effects of dental x-rays, radiation protection recommendations, and the composition of the intensifying screen. However, variations in knowledge were observed, particularly concerning radiation dosage and contraindications during pregnancy. This underscores the importance of continuous education and training in radiation safety within the dental community.
A Survey on Artificial Intelligence Assurance
Authors: Kumar Vishal
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms are decreasingly furnishing decision-timber and functional support across multiple disciplines. AI includes a wide (and growing) library of algorithms that could be applied to different problems. One important notion for the relinquishment of AI algorithms into functional decision processes is the conception of assurance. The literature on assurance, unfortunately, conceals its issues within an involved geography of clashing approaches, driven by contradicting provocations, hypotheticals, and anticipations. Consequently, albeit a rising and new area, this handwriting provides a methodical review of exploration works that apply to AI assurance, between the times 1985 and 2021 and aims to give a structured volition to the geography. A new AI assurance description is espoused and presented, and assurance styles are varied and tabulated. also, a ten-metric scoring system is developed and introduced to estimate and compare styles. Incipiently, in this handwriting, we give foundational perceptivity, conversations, unborn directions, a roadmap, and applicable recommendations for the development and deployment of AI assurance.
Interaction of the reflective ethnobiology (REBI) model and creative thinking argumentation in biodiversity material
Authors: Jon Efriana , Asrial A. , Hasibuan Muhammad Haris Effendi , Hariyadi Bambang
Published: December 2023

The ethnoscience-based reflective learning model has been implemented in the classroom while the learning process has its own strengths and weaknesses. The purpose of this study was to determine the interaction between learning models and arguments for creative thinking. A mixed methods research design was applied to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data were collected using argumentation observations and essay tests which were analyzed with SPSS. Qualitative data sourced from one lecturer and 40 students of National Islamic Institute of Kerinci, Jambi Province were collected using interviews and observations. The results shows that there is an interaction between learning models and arguments for creative thinking. This can be seen from the whole learning process students have achieved indicators of creative thinking involving argumentation skills. We discussed this and formulated recommendations that can be implemented in the future.