bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zróżnicowanie przestrzeni turystycznej Pomorza Środkowego
Authors: Rydz Eugeniusz
Published: May 2022

W pracy przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z kształtowaniem i różnicowaniem przestrzeni turystycznej Pomorza Środkowego. Przeprowadzono również analizę bazy noclegowej i walorów turystycznych, co pozwoliło w sposób jednoznaczny na wyodrębnienie w środkowopomorskiej przestrzeni turystycznej określonych podprzestrzeni o charakterze funkcjonalnym. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na turystykę wypoczynkową na obszarach nadmorskich i pojeziernych, wskazano na wybrane aspekty rozwoju agroturystyki oraz podkreślono rolę uzdrowisk Pomorza Środkowego.
Rozwój turystyki w gminie nadmorskiej w świetle danych obiektywnych i opinii jej mieszkańców. Przykład gminy Krokowa
Authors: Sokołowski Dariusz
Published: May 2022

Turystyka często postrzegana jest jako ważny czynnik rozwoju lokalnego. Zwykle podkreśla się dobrą bądź względnie dobrą sytuację finansową gmin turystycznych i ich mieszkańców, pozytywny wpływ turystyki na rozwój infrastruktury i inne efekty oceniane generalnie jako korzystne. Nieco rzadziej akcentuje się związane z rozwojem turystyki problemy. Celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie konsekwencji rozwoju funkcji turystycznej w gminie o dużych walorach turystyczno-wypoczynkowych i skonfrontowanie ich z opiniami jej mieszkańców.
Wybrane aspekty przestrzeni turystycznej Lubelszczyzny
Authors: Świeca Andrzej , Brzezińska-Wójcik Teresa , Jóźwik Marta Jolanta , Krukowska Renata , Skowronek Ewa , Tucki Andrzej
Published: May 2022

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki dotychczasowych badań pracowników Zakładu Geografii Regionalnej i Turyzmu WNoZiGP UMCS nad przestrzenią turystyczną Lubelszczyzny. Przeprowadzone badania w zakresie przyrodniczych i kulturowych walorów turystycznych, poziomu zagospodarowania oraz dostępności komunikacyjnej, a także wybranych elementów polityki turystycznej władz lokalnych posłużyły do określenia potencjału turystycznego jednostek przestrzennych różnej rangi i charakteru (jednostki administracyjne i fizycznogeograficzne). W zależności od wielkości potencjału turystycznego wyodrębniono obszary o różnym stopniu atrakcyjności. Obszary sklasyfikowane w stopniu atrakcyjnym i bardzo atrakcyjnym zostały szczegółowo scharakteryzowane pod względem: stopnia rozwoju funkcji turystycznej, typów funkcjonalnych jednostek przestrzennych, percepcji przestrzeni turystycznej przez użytkowników, postaw społeczności lokalnej wobec rozwoju turystyki.
Challenges and Opportunities in the Adoption of Climate Smart Agriculture Practices by Smallholder Farmers in Ethiopia
Authors: Dabesa Birhanu , Mansingh J. Paul , Haile Firafis , Nisha A. , Lagese Warkaw
Published: May 2022

Background: Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is an approach to increase farmers’ income and agricultural production by adapting to the changing climatic conditions. Ethiopian agriculture is predominantly rain-fed and vulnerable to variability in rainfall and temperature. Adoption of CSA practices and technologies among smallholder farmers remains low. Methods: This study was carried out in Ambo district, Oromia region, Ethiopia to assess the challenges faced by smallholder farmers in the adoption of CSA. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect data from 156 respondents from 3 rural villages. Result: Crop residue management and mulching faced stiff competition with livestock feeding since crop residues are allowed for grazing by livestock. Hence, it is suggested to promote the cultivation of fodder grasses. Minimum tillage was practiced by only a few farmers in the study area. The farmers’ belief on minimum tillage should be changed through proper education, training and result demonstration on the advantages of minimum tillage. The awareness of integrated nutrient and soil management should be enhanced by creating awareness of the benefits of soil testing.
Standardized Organic Fertilizer Formulations and their Effectiveness in Enhancing the Role of Biological Agents to Increase Disease Resistance and Maize Productivity in Marginal Lands
Authors: . Handrid , Wijayanto T. , Khaeruni A. , Taufik M. , Safuan L. , Santiaji B.
Published: May 2022

Background: The importance of standardized organic fertilizers with relatively balanced levels of NPK elements, in order to increase the role of organic fertilizers as a source of nutrition for plants which at the same time can improve soil physical, chemical and biological properties and can increase the role of organic fertilizers as a medium for growth and development of biological agents so that they can increase its role as a biopesticide and biofertilizer, thereby simultaneously increasing crop productivity on marginal land. Methods: This research was conducted in the period June-November 2019 at South Konawe Regency Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia and in the Integrated Laboratory of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kendari Halu Oleo University. Assessing and formulating organic fertilizers by taking into account the composition of the ingredients which include; C/N ratio of the total material, elemental content of NPK, C-Organic content, moisture content and pH, to produce standardized organic fertilizers, with relatively balanced levels of NPK elements. The field research was arranged in a randomized block design consisting of 3 treatments including B0 = Inorganic fertilizer (control); B1 = Organic fertilizer formula A + agens hayati Biofresh; B2 = Organic fertilizer formula B + agens hayati biofresh. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, which in total there were 9 experimental units. Result: The formulation of organic fertilizers by taking into account the composition of the ingredients can produce organic fertilizers of a standard quality, with relatively balanced levels of NPK elements, effectively increasing the ability of biofresh biological agents, so as to increase the disease suppression index by 30.12%, with an increase in productivity of 14.31% of non-standard organic fertilizer treatments. And with the efficiency of using biofresh biological agents of 70.6%.
​Recent Advances in Application of Biofertilizers in Pulses: A Review
Authors: Virk Harpreet Kaur , Singh Guriqbal , Kaur Ramanjit
Published: May 2022

Globally, India is the largest producer and consumer of pulses. Biofertilizers, a low cost input, help in increasing the crop productivity by way of biological nitrogen fixation, increased availability or uptake of nutrients through solubilization or increased stimulation of plant growth through the synthesis of growth promoting substances such as indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins, auxins, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and siderophore production. Furthermore, biofertilizer inoculation helps to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. These are environmentally friendly and play a significant role in boosting the pulse crop production. In this review paper, literature regarding different types of biofertilizers and their effect on different pulse crops has been studied. The effect of application of biofertilizer inoculation on biological nitrogen fixation, growth, symbiotic traits, productivity, quality, soil fertility, residual effect and economic benefit has been reviewed and summarized under different headings. Application of biofertilizers increases the plant growth, symbiotic traits (nodule number, nodule weight) and grain yield over no inoculation in different pulse crops without producing any adverse effect on the environment. Moreover, seed inoculation with biofertilizers provides economic benefits over without inoculation. Furthermore, single or dual inoculations of biofertilzers improve the nutrient status of soil and ultimately increase the nutrient uptake by crop along with improvement in protein content. Seed inoculation with biofertilizers also increases organic carbon, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium and microbial count in the soil after the crop harvest over un-inoculated control. The nitrogen amounts fixed as a result of inoculation leave a net positive N balance in the soil. Thereby, biofertilizers inoculation helps in achieving higher profits while maintaining the agricultural sustainability.
Multivariate and Association Studies in Short Duration Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Genotypes
Authors: Ranjani M.S. , Jayamani P.
Published: May 2022

Background: Absolute understanding of the relationship between yield and yield attributing traits contributing to variance is predominant in a breeding programme. To study the multivariate analysis and interrelationship among the yield and yield attributing traits in the pigeonpea, 68 genotypes were subjected to principal component analysis and association studies. Methods: The 68 pigeonpea genotypes were raised during two seasons viz., rabi, 2019-2020 and rabi, 2020-2021 in a randomized complete block design with two replications. The two-season data was pooled and utilized for multivariate and association studies. Result: The total variance was split into 12 principal components. Four principal components were found to have eigen values more than one and explained 78.75 per cent of the total variance. The correlation studies revealed that, the single plant yield was highly correlated with the traits viz., days to 50 per cent flowering (rg=0.213, P less than 0.05), days to maturity (rg=0.347, P less than 0.01), plant height (rg=0.536,P less than 0.01), number of branches per plant (rg=0.331,P less than 0.01), number of clusters per plant (rg=0.705,P less than 0.01), number of pods per plant (rg=0.805,P less than 0.01), pod length (rg=0.481, P less than 0.01), number of seeds per pod (rg=0.231, P less than 0.05) and hundred seed weight (rg=0.505, P less than 0.01). Selection for these traits will improve single plant yield. Path analysis showed that the traits viz., number of pods per plant (0.871), shelling percentage (0.391) and hundred seed weight (0.744) had high positive direct effect on single plant yield, whereas the high indirect effect on single plant yield possessed by number of pods per plant through traits viz., days to maturity (0.316), plant height (0.421), pod bearing length (0.454) and number of clusters per plant (0.706).
Co-Occurring Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Panic Disorder: A Review of Their Etiology and Treatment
Authors: Nelson Jennifer , Kelly J. MacLaren , Wadsworth Lauren , Maloney Erin
Published: May 2022

Estimated rates of co-occurrence between obsessive and compulsive disorder (OCD) and panic disorder (PD) are notable, but vary considerably, with rates from epidemiological and clinical studies ranging from 1.8% to 22% (Rector et al., 2017). We reviewed the current empirical literature on the etiology, treatment, diagnostic assessment, and differential diagnosis of co-occurring OCD/PD. Best practices for cognitive-behavioral treatment, including identifying and addressing treatment barriers are also addressed. Although it is acknowledged in current literature that co-occurring OCD and PD levels may be clinically significant, there remains a need to thoroughly examine the possible consequences and future research directions of this overlap. Future research must continue to elucidate the biological and environmental causes of OCD/PD co-occurrence.
Clinician Perspectives on the Impact of COVID-19 on the Treatment of Adults and Youth With Anxiety
Authors: Dickinson Emily M. , Clinger Jane W. , Leong Alicia W. , Amos Nwankwo Gifty N. , Olsen Sean M. , Cepeda Sandra L. , Geralnik Leora , Wu Linda L. , Guzick Andrew G. , Schneider Sophie C. , Storch Eric A.
Published: May 2022

We describe the perceptions of mental health clinicians practicing in the United States about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the presentation and treatment course of active clients with anxiety. Clinician participants reported on client symptomology at the beginning of treatment, just before (prior to March 2020), and at a mid-pandemic timepoint (December 2020/January 2021). An initial sample of 70 clinicians responded to a survey assessing their clients’ overall anxiety severity, anxiety sensitivity, pathological uncertainty, family accommodation, and avoidance levels. Of these, 54 clinician responses were included in study analyses, providing detailed clinical information on 81 clients. Findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increases in anxiety severity in the majority of clients; overall, clinicians reported that 53% of clients had symptoms worsen due to COVID-19 and that only 16% experienced improvement of symptoms during treatment. Those who had lower levels of avoidance pre-pandemic and those who increased their frequency of treatment were more likely to experience increases in anxiety severity by the mid-pandemic timepoint. Further research is needed to understand the extended effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety symptomology and treatment.
The Participation Status of Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Small African American-Owned Technology Firms in the Federal Assistive Technology-Research and Development Enterprise through STEM Pathways
Authors: Ward-Sutton Courtney , Moore Corey L. , Starr-Howard Renee , Manyibe Edward O. , Uhunoma Osaretin
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This article provided a comprehensive overview of the available peer-reviewed and grey literature on the current status of historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) and small African American-owned technology firms participation in the federal assistive technology research and development (AT-R&D) enterprise.

Method

Authors completed a historical review of the existing literature on HBCUs' participation in STEM academic pathways to AT-R&D; the contextual framework for HBCUs federal R&D barriers; STEM pathways to small African American Technology Entrepreneurship; and small African American-owned technology firms AT-R&D participation barriers.

Results

Overall, the review illuminated participation barriers experienced; exacerbated in part by narrow STEM pathways designed to help African American students successfully matriculate in related disciplines, institutional systematic barriers, a lack of funding priorities within federal research agencies, and the oversight of African American entrepreneurs in AT.

Conclusions

The authors presented recommendations that might be useful for developing proactive academic pipelines to AT-R&D. The literature review is among the first to examine HBCUs' participation in STEM pathways to federally-funded AT-R&D.
Work-Related Interview Skills Training for Persons Served by Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies in Four States
Authors: Oursler Janice , Lu Weili , Gao Ni , Herrick Samantha J. , Beninato John , Hill Kendall , Durante Alison
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE

This study explored the acceptability and practicality of implementing a Direct Skills Teaching (DST) approach to increase job interview preparation for individuals who were receiving state vocational rehabilitation (VR) services in four states.

METHOD

Counselors-in-training facilitated a four-session curriculum teaching “Presenting Qualifications” during job interviews to 137 individuals in 25 groups settings. Pre- and post-group 10-item questionnaires of skill acquisition, and a post-group satisfaction survey with open-ended questions were administered. Descriptive statistics and a nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for data analyses.

RESULTS

All 10 items of the pre- and post-group questionnaire comparisons yielded significant improvement in the skill of “Presenting Qualifications” after group intervention. The satisfaction survey also indicated the positive experiences of participants.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings demonstrate the feasibility of a structured DST curriculum in teaching job interview skills to people with disabilities (including transition age youth) served by state VR agencies.
Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors’ Perceptions and Experiences of Career Theory Usage with Clients with a Criminal Record
Authors: Maiden Rodney J. , Rogers Kendrick , Deroche Melissa D. , Farrell Shirley
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE

To explore Louisiana Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors’ (VRCs’) perceptions and experiences in utilizing career theories suggested by Easter and Gaertner (2009) when providing vocational guidance and career counseling to clients with a criminal record. Results from this research will provide insight to current and prospective VRCs in their practice and heighten educators’ and supervisors’ awareness of VRCs’ experience using career theories.

METHODS

Six Louisiana VRCs with at least two years of experience working with clients who had a criminal background were interviewed twice using heuristic inquiry. This qualitative method relies on researchers’ ability to discover and interpret their own experiences while exploring others’ experiences. The data were analyzed by performing both opened-coding and axial-coding.

RESULTS

Four major themes were revealed from this qualitative study: (1) expectations, (2) autonomy, (3) counselor development, and (4) fidelity to career theories. Upon further analysis, the emergent theory suggested incongruence of theory and practice amongst participating VRCs. Findings suggest VRCs working with clients with criminal backgrounds do not feel their academic training has prepared them to use career theories with this population effectively.

CONCLUSION

When the participants apply the career theories suggested by Easter and Gaertner to clients with a criminal record, they perceive them to be ineffective. Therefore, this study serves as a baseline for additional research and suggests additional training may be necessary for VRCs who work with clients with a criminal background.
Factores que influyen en el incumplimiento de pago en el sistema financiero por uso inadecuado de las tarjetas de crédito de los consumidores de la provincia de Lima
Authors:   , Jaramillo Aguilar Josselyn Almendra , Quincho Navarro Laura Elena
Published: May 2022

En el presente estudio se identificó los factores que influyen en el incumplimiento de pago en el sistema financiero (bancos) por uso inadecuado de las tarjetas de crédito de los consumidores de la provincia de Lima. Se empleó un enfoque mixto. Al ser cualitativo, se aplicó la técnica de recopilación de información realizando entrevistas semiestructuradas a expertos del sistema financiero. Para el enfoque cuantitativo, se empleó un diseño no experimental-transversal-correlacional, porque se recolectaron datos y se analizó e interpretó la relación entre ellos en un determinado momento, aplicando cuestionarios a un público objetivo. Se utilizó una muestra de 385 personas de una población de 1’518,897 entre hombres y mujeres mayores de 18 años, que contaban al menos con una tarjeta de crédito con saldo deudor en la provincia de Lima. Se optó por un alcance correlacional para identificar el comportamiento de una variable en relación con otras. En este caso, se analizaron las variables que influyen en el incumplimiento de pago. Concluida la investigación, la hipótesis general fue aceptada obteniendo una correlación positiva con nivel débil, identificando que las variables que influyen en mayor proporción en el incumplimiento de pago fueron: el uso frecuente que le dan a las tarjetas, seguido de la existencia de malos asesores crediticios. Por lo tanto, se recomienda a los usuarios tener un mejor control de sus gastos, a los bancos a mejorar la capacitación de sus asesores crediticios y a las entidades reguladoras bancarias brindar un soporte de educación financiera a los usuarios.
Propuesta de mapa de riesgo sísmico para la estimación de pérdidas mediante curvas de fragilidad de sistemas estructurales típicos usando la metodología fema-hazus para el distrito de Surquillo en Lima
Authors:   , Huapaya Velarde Karla Priscila , Palomino Ayvar Pool David
Published: May 2022

Se sabe que la mayoría de las viviendas en el Perú no cumplen con las normas de edificaciones, por ello abunda la autoconstrucción debido muchas veces a las limitaciones económicas. Esto puede presentar mayor vulnerabilidad frente a algún movimiento telúrico en la costa peruana. Es necesario cuantificar el daño estructural de las edificaciones comunes producido por un sismo mediante las curvas de fragilidad. Los métodos empleados para evaluar el riesgo sísmico generalmente son abstrusos ya que se necesita evaluar la curva de capacidad de cada vivienda seleccionada, utilizando un análisis no lineal o por desempeño sísmico; por ello en un área de mayor amplitud como en el caso de un distrito se vuelven poco convencionales para la estimación de perdidas. Por este motivo, en el presente trabajo de investigación, se emplea un método de la vulnerabilidad sísmica utilizando las curvas de fragilidad propuestas por el FEMA. Si bien las construcciones americanas presentan características propias de lugar y la calidad de los materiales de las diferentes tipologías estructurales, se puede utilizar la metodología HAZUS pero adaptándolas a la realidad peruana. Debido a esto, las viviendas serán analizadas en el mapa de riesgo sísmico para escenarios que comprenden las siguientes clasificaciones de intensidad del sismo: frecuente, ocasional, raro y muy raro, analizando así el comportamiento y los niveles de daño alcanzados para cada caso, con ello se podrá determinar las pérdidas para cada situación.
Educação especial e políticas educacionais
Authors: Matos Neide da Silveira Duarte de , Tureck Lucia Terezinha Zanato
Published: May 2022

O artigo busca expor alguns marcos históricos presentes na legislação brasileira que permitam compreender as concepções de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento humano de pessoas com deficiência, em especial nas políticas educacionais para a Educação Especial. De natureza bibliográfica e documental, analisa documentos de organismos nacionais e internacionais que orientaram essas políticas, considerando que revelam em cada momento histórico uma interpretação própria de desenvolvimento humano e da perspectiva de educação ofertada. Cada documento e/ou diretriz curricular remete a dado entendimento sobre a construção social da deficiência associada às formas de educação escolar necessárias. Constata-se disputas entre concepções sobre aprendizagem e desenvolvimento humano nas políticas de Educação Especial no Brasil, que tomaram forma na organização da modalidade, suas definições de atendimento e formação de professores. Nos limites dessa análise, levanta-se aspectos que contribuam para apreender as configurações que tais disputas assumem na política de Educação Especial, face às orientações internacionais que consideram o acesso à educação escolar como meio de promoção de justiça e igualdade social e, também, a uma educação para todos com participação efetiva das pessoas com deficiência e as possibilidades de sua instrumentalização.
Exploring the views of academics on an academic leadership program in higher education
Authors: Frantz J. , Marais J. , Du Plessis M.
Published: May 2022

Leadership in higher education institutions has been receiving growing interest, because of the role institutions play in developing students to become leaders in the broader society. However, institutions have to equip staff, adequately, with leadership skills, first, and one way of doing this, is through a leadership development programme for academic staff. The purpose of this current study was to explore and describe the impact of an academic leadership development programme, based on the perceptions of the participants. In this study, a qualitative, exploratory descriptive, research design was employed. Thirteen (13) participants were purposively selected to participate in the study. Data were collected using individual, open-ended, face-to-face interviews. The data were transcribed, verbatim, and analysed, using thematic analysis. Four key themes emerged: (1) emotional responses to the programme; (2) professional application of skills; (3) benefits from the programme; and (4) recommendations. The programme had an impact on both the personal and professional lives of the participants, which is evidence of the truly transformative nature of the programme. The study, however, is limited because the researchers only sought to explore the perceived impact of a leadership development programme. To determine the true impact, it would need to be studied, using multiple sources.
"Critical statistical literacy", "Social justice statistics", and "Critical statistical consciousness" as higher education imperatives, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa
Authors: Krishnannair A. , Krishnannair S.
Published: May 2022

Familiarity with the Covid-19 pandemic-related statistical jargon is a requirement for the layman, who must stay abreast of developments apropos of rate of infection, spread, and mortality rate comprising the pandemic. Such a familiarity, termed statistical literacy (SL) in the related discourse, is increasingly becoming an important aspect of higher education (HE) studentship across universities, internationally. This article offers an extension to the extant theorisations of statistical literacy in the context of Covid-19. Formulation of a solid theoretical rationale for fostering the competency of SL at the HE level is therefore central to this article. The literature offers the notion of critical statistical literacy (CSL) as anchored in a social-justice paradigm. CSL is used here as a starting point for the theoretical extensions proposed in this article. A novel disciplinary idea called “social justice statistics (SJS)” is also introduced. The idea of “critical statistical consciousness (CSC)” as a new proposition for theorising the statistical sensibility of citizens is also put forward. The ways in which CSC rationalises CSL, and foregrounds SJS, are subsequently theorised. CSC, as a broad attribute, quality, or a higher-education trait, is thus positioned in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. These theorisations have implications for the practice of statistics, both at the levels of “producer” and “consumer” of statistical communications that characterise the way in which the pandemic is understood by the layman.
Ideological positioning of Extended Curriculum Programmes – a case study of a large South African research university
Authors: Ogude N. A. , Rollnick M.
Published: May 2022

Extended Curriculum Programmes (ECPs) have been in existence in Africa and Southern Africa since the late 1970s. Various needs for programmes exist, but the primary motivator in the current South African context is a transformative one. While many historically white institutions have either scaled down or closed their ECPs, the University of Pretoria runs several large ECP programmes with the largest one located on the Mamelodi Campus. The location of the campus in a township offers many opportunities for transformative community engagement. This article interrogates the ideological underpinnings of the ECP programmes and other activities offered at the Mamelodi campus as these have evolved from their genesis in the University of Pretoria’s Foundation Year Programme in 2001. The article argues that a point has been reached where colour and ethnicity are no longer the only criteria for transformation, though the South African education system continues to be plagued by social inequality. Consequently, extended curriculum programmes need to serve the interests of the more disadvantaged section of the population, not the lower performing echelons of the more advantaged citizens, even though these may be black. The most recent government draft policy document provides possibilities for funding developmental interventions across the entire undergraduate education system but will require considerable sophistication in terms of pedagogy and curriculum design. The article concludes with a recommendation for a more responsive selection policy and curricula that provide a smoother transition into the programmes that students wish to access, including those with high barriers to entry.
Exploring the influence of students’ Matric Accounting knowledge on the successful completion of a BCom Accounting mainstream degree: A comparative study at a university in the Western Cape
Authors: Williams B. , dos Reis K. , Yu D.
Published: May 2022

Studies conducted nationally found that students with Matric Accounting knowledge performed significantly better than students without it in university-level Accounting modules (Baard, Steenkamp, and Kidd 2010; Papageorgiou 2017; Steenkamp, Baard, and Frick 2009). However, the reality at South African universities is that Accounting as a school subject is not always a requirement to pursue BCom Accounting studies. This situation means that at certain universities, Accounting as a school subject is not taken into consideration for this degree, while this is the case at some universities. This study focuses on two cohorts of students enrolled for the mainstream programme in 2017‒2019 at a South African university. The reason for focusing on these two cohorts was to establish the throughput rate of students with or without Matric Accounting knowledge. Two most significant findings of this study are that firstly, students who obtained at least 70 per cent for Matric Accounting completed the degree within the minimum three-year time frame, while students who obtained at least 80 per cent had a higher throughput rate of 48.8 per cent. Secondly, students who achieved lower than 70 per cent for Mathematics and did not complete Matric Accounting were unable to complete the degree in the minimum timeframe. The research methodology includes both quantitative and qualitative methods. The results can inform the selection and admission criteria at tertiary institutions and inform other stakeholders in higher education on how school subjects and grades influence students’ throughput rate.
Using plagiarism feedback as assessment for learning to socialise students into disciplinary writing: A theoretical perspective
Authors: Hass A.
Published: May 2022

Plagiarism is an increasingly common offense at some South African institutions of higher learning. The plagiarism range of assessment tasks escalated during the last two decades, as a result of the changing student body that has entered universities after 1994. To address this problem, universities have implemented different electronic plagiarism detection programmes such as Turnitin and Safe Assign that can identify similarities in paragraphs of texts from different documents. The problem is that students are not being trained on how to interpret the results provided by these plagiarism detection programmes. Presently, feedback from plagiarism detection programmes is not being utilised as a self-assessment learning tool but instead is used as a discipline measure to penalise students. Given this gap, this theoretical article argues that the feedback from plagiarism programmes should be used by lecturing staff to teach students about citing and making knowledge claims to socialise them into the literacy of the discipline. This article draws from Knight’s (2001) and Chew, Lin Ding, and Rowell (2015) model on assessment for learning, which argues that feedback on assessment tasks should be used to improve students’ writing to avoid plagiarism. This emphasised the need for a standardised “Turnitin policy” be in place at institutions to enable a continuous learning experience for all students across the institution. The article concludes the critical role of lecturers to socialise students into the discourse community, by making explicit the rules of the discipline through assessment, resulting in students not being tempted to plagiarise.
COVID-19 and the quality of mathematics education teaching and learning in a first-year course
Authors: Mbhiza H. , Muthelo D.
Published: May 2022

This article is vested on the need for higher education educators to be reflective on their practices in order to configure effective ways to interact with the students and knowledge for specific courses. It is uncontested that education systems globally are under constant pressure to respond to the changing needs of societies. The outbreak of COVID-19 has reminded us that the complexity of education needs responsive practices to facilitate effective teaching and learning across all levels of schooling globally. All over the world, the normative ways of teaching and learning evolved drastically in the first quarter of the 2020 academic year when teachers and students found online offerings to be the dominant option available as a sequel to the pandemic conditions. In South Africa specifically, students and teachers were thrust into virtual teaching and learning situations with the majority of them having no preparation for this shift. This article presents an auto-ethnographical account of the knowledge gaps in the teaching and learning of mathematics education in a first-year education course in an online space. We used auto-ethnography to discuss our experiences of teaching limits and continuity. We argue that teaching the topic on an online platform constrain student teachers’ procedural thinking, conceptual development, and demonstration of their thought processes during mathematics learning and assessment. We also discuss our experiences of developing assessment tasks for the topic and how students identified cheating mechanisms to answer questions in assessments.
Sociocultural theory for academic literacy research involving argumentation in institutions of higher learning
Authors: Eybers O. O. , Paulet E.
Published: May 2022

Researchers in the field of academic literacy, specifically those focused on the first-year level in universities, are often required to articulate the theoretical framework that informs their critical orientation. In this process, an indication of the researcher’s ontological view of the nature of academic literacy practices should also be declared. Ontologically, this study questions whether academic literacy constitutes a mechanistic technology or a socially emergent mode of arguing in higher education. This article reviews concepts and theories that warrant the second stance and a sociocultural paradigm of academic literacy research. A sociocultural explanatory framework incorporates human identities and cultures into analyses of the ways that humans employ language in universities. This framework accentuates the influences of social context and power relationships in the designation of acceptable modes of argumentation in the university. The results of the study indicate that theoretical discussions in academic literacy research are epistemic and ontological in nature. Theoretical frameworks are epistemic constructs as they reflect a researcher’s conceptual understanding of the field of academic literacy. Conceptual paradigms are also ontological constructs due to their exposure of the researcher’s understanding of the nature of academic literacy practices as an element of human existence. The study concludes by articulating a seven-point ontology that researchers can apply towards theoretically framing their own studies in the field of academic literacy and argumentation.
How ADP students navigate enablements and constraints of the programme: An exploration of structure and agency
Authors: Mogashana D. , Case J. M. , Williams K.
Published: May 2022

Academic Development Programmes (ADPs), or Extended Curriculum Programmes (ECPs), continue to play a central role in increasing access to previously marginalised students in higher education in South Africa. Using Archer’s morphogenetic approach, this study examines how a group of ADP students “made their way” through their engineering undergraduate studies. Twelve students in their fourth year of study were interviewed three times and selected university documents were analysed. The authors found that the fragmented curriculum, shortened consolidation and examination periods, and unfavourable examination timetables potentially constrained the students’ aspirations. In addition, the mainstream students and lecturers’ ideas about ADP students worsened their experience of marginalisation and exception. We also found that students experienced the mainly black student enrolment of the ADP as racial discrimination. The findings indicate that students found themselves in enormously constrained circumstances, but they also exhibited what Archer calls “corporate agency” and different “modes of reflexivity” to overcome some of these constraints. We argue that the establishment of Academic Development Programmes as separate from mainstream curricula, while enabling access to some extent, may have unintended consequences of also constraining the students for whom they are designed.
Designing theoretical assessments at nursing higher education institutions: A scoping review
Authors: Donough G.
Published: May 2022

Assessment in higher education remains one of the most reliable forms of assessing the effectiveness of the learning and teaching (L&T) process. Excellence in theory assessment design is, therefore, a pivotal element of the success of many Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) around the world. This scoping review aimed to establish current assessment best practices in nursing at HEIs. The five steps of Arksey and O’Malley’s framework guided this scoping review. Following a systematic search of various databases, including Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, PubMed, Sage Online Journals, SCOPUS, and Wiley Online Library for the period from 2010 to 2020, a rigorous screening process was undertaken by three independent reviewers. The search terms included assessment best practice and nursing education institution. Of the 652 articles screened, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Four quantitative, four qualitative, one mixed-method, and three studies that did not specify their design were included. The findings revealed that various factors influence how educators design assessments. Theoretical assessment design is a vital activity and requires collaboration between policymakers and HEIs to enhance the quality designing of assessments by educators through professional development.
“You can’t go to the army and expect to be a Vice-Chancellor”: They must become good scholars
Authors: Buccus I.
Published: May 2022

This article is a study of a university vice chancellor (VC) and specifically the leadership qualities that articulate success. There is broad agreement across the higher education sector that good leadership is central to the performance of university vice chancellors (Cloete, Maassen, and Bailey 2015; Macfarlane 2012; Jansen 2017; Scott et al. 2010). University vice-chancellor’s performance are measured against at range of issues and include determining the institution’s strategic goals, academic standing and transformation agenda (Leibowitz 2012). To run a university there is need for university vice-chancellors to articulate particular skills, values and qualities that will enable them to achieve success in these wide-ranging and competing goals and agendas. In South Africa however with few exceptions (Swartz et al. 2019; Jansen 2017), fundamental questions remain about what these values and qualities are and they arise in university vice-chancellors own account of leadership. Although vice-chancellors occupy an eminent position in the country especially in the context of transforming higher education in the country (Cloete 2014), specific attention to the values and qualities that vice-chancellors articulate as vital for leadership has been understudied. This article is interested in the question: how do vice-chancellors shape leadership qualities are how do these arise? This question is explored empirically, through narrative enquiry by focusing on one vice-chancellor’s account of leadership qualities. Through a close-focus examination of the nuances associated with a university vice chancellor’s conceptualisation of leadership, this article provides insights into what qualities are relevant for effective leadership. As noted by Dewan and Myatt (2008) the successful performance of a leader is based on the question of which qualities are relevant for effective leadership. There remains a marginal consideration of university vice-chancellor’s perspectives on the issues of effective leadership and how they arise especially in the context of South Africa’s turbulent higher education environment.
De l’animal au territoire, regards sur l’efficience de l’azote dans les systèmes bovins laitiers
Authors: GODINOT Olivier , FORAY Sylvain , LEMOSQUET Sophie , DELABY Luc , ÉDOUARD Nadège
Published: May 2022

Améliorer la valorisation de l’azote à toutes les étapes de son utilisation est une priorité, notamment en élevage où elle demeure relativement faible. Les indicateurs d’efficience azotée sont nombreux et basés sur des méthodes de calculs diverses selon le contexte et les échelles considérées. La littérature illustre un certain nombre de pratiques vertueuses, le plus souvent applicables à l’échelle de l’animal ou du troupeau, qui en améliorent la valorisation. Mais peu d’études présentent une vision intégrative de ces gains aux niveaux d’organisation supérieurs comme l’exploitation ou le territoire. Cet article rappelle tout d’abord les principales stratégies qui permettent d’augmenter l’efficience d’utilisation de l’azote à l’échelle de l’animal, de l’exploitation et du territoire. L’analyse de ces gains à différentes échelles met en évidence qu’une amélioration de l’efficience à un niveau donné n’induit pas systématiquement un gain d’efficience à l’étage supérieur ou pour l’ensemble du système. Par ailleurs, la recherche d’une efficience élevée ne garantit pas systématiquement une réduction des pertes azotées vers l’environnement : certains systèmes d’élevage les plus efficients sont aussi ceux qui génèrent le plus d’impacts du fait des quantités importantes d’azote utilisées. Les indicateurs d’efficience s’avèrent des outils utiles pour améliorer l’utilisation de l’azote dans les systèmes agricoles, mais ces ratios ne disent rien des quantités mises en jeu tant au numérateur qu’au dénominateur. Ils devraient donc être systématiquement associés à des indicateurs de pertes azotées pour une meilleure prise en compte des conséquences des systèmes agricoles sur les milieux naturels.
Les modifications ciblées du génome appliquées aux animaux d’élevage : à la croisée des controverses
Authors: DUCLOS Raphaëlle , DELANOUE Elsa , DOCKÈS Anne-Charlotte , JOURNAUX Laurent , SOURDIOUX Michel , BIDANEL Jean-Pierre
Published: May 2022

Les outils de modification du génome sont nombreux et peuvent conduire à des utilisations variées : inactivation, mutation, suppression ou insertion d’un élément d’ADN ou d’un gène dans un organisme. Certaines méthodes induisent une modification aléatoire, tandis que d’autres, qui nous intéressent plus particulièrement, s’effectuent de manière ciblée. Quels que soit les outils choisis, les types de modification réalisés ou la finalité de ces modifications, il s’agit d’un sujet controversé. Cet article s’intéresse aux débats qu’engendre la potentielle application aux animaux d’élevage de ces outils génétiques et cherche à montrer que ce sujet, pour l’instant l’apanage de spécialistes, réunit toutes les conditions pour se transformer en controverse publique. Une première partie revient sur les principales incertitudes que soulève le sujet et s’arrête sur les débats entourant le cadre juridique. Nous explorons ensuite les approches thématiques possibles du sujet, en revenant sur la controverse autour des OGM et le cas du saumon produit par la société Aquabounty aux états-Unis, jusqu’à récemment l’unique Animal Génétiquement Modifié (AGM) autorisé sur le marché alimentaire. Une troisième partie présente les acteurs qui s’expriment sur le sujet et les rares évocations des AGM en France confirment que le sujet reste confiné au milieu scientifique et professionnel, l’AGM devenant alors un révélateur de dynamiques relationnelles qu’entretiennent sciences et société. Enfin, nous montrons que, bien que les acteurs de la société civile ne se sont pas encore emparés du sujet, les rares prises de position observées laissent penser que l’intéressement par le prisme du bien-être animal ne fonctionne pas.
The payment of compensation in the closed season in Brazil: a spatio-temporal analysis of the last five years
Authors: LOPES Giulia Cristina dos Santos , MATOS Octávio Ferreira de , PEREIRA Diego Valente , FREITAS Carlos Edwar de Carvalho
Published: May 2022

The policy of a closed season with compensation consists of the payment of a minimum wage to the artisanal fishers during the months in which fishing is prohibited. Despite its relevance, there are reports of illegal practices in this system and, as such, this study aimed to carry out an assessment of the closed season compensation payment (CSC) from 2016 to 2020. Data were obtained from the official Federal Government web page. They were tabulated and thematic maps were prepared with the value of the CSC payed by state of Brazil and by municipality of the two states that collected the most benefit. The number of fishers in each state was also assessed. Between 2016 and 2020, US$ 2,955,844,475.74 was provided in the form of CSC. The largest part (47.7%) was paid to the states of Pará and Maranhão. In Pará, Cametá received the greatest amount, while in Maranhão, the municipality of Viana received the greatest amount. The number of fishers increased 58% over the years and, in 2020, 733,422 were registered. The closed season is an important management tool, but it needs to be supervised, otherwise, it may present infringements.
Chemoprotection of amazonian Mauritia flexuosa fruit pulp against ammonia and nitrite toxicity to postlarvae shrimps Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: SIMIÃO Cleber dos Santos , COLOMBO Grecica Mariana Colombo Mariana , GOMES Robson Matheus Marreiro , RAMOS Patrícia Baptista , TESSER Marcelo Borges , WASIELESKY JUNIOR Wilson , MONSERRAT José María
Published: May 2022

The chemoprotection of "buritiââ‚¬Â Mauritia flexuosa (inclusion in diet: 0-control group; 1.25; 2.50; 5.00; and 10.00% W/W) to Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae (PL) exposed to ammonia or nitrite was investigated. Analyzed variables include antioxidant (ACAP) and oxidative damage (TBARS) responses and levels of total carotenoids. The results indicated that there was no significant difference (p >0.05) in zootechnical variables between diets. The PL carotenoid content (R2 = 0.86), ACAP (R2 = 0.78), and TBARS (R2 = 0.91) showed a dose-dependent relationship with the inclusion levels of "buritiââ‚¬Â (p <0.05). After 43 days, juvenile shrimps were exposed for 96 h to ammonia (0.48 mg NH3-N L-1) or nitrite (40 mg NO3 L-1). Higher scavenging activity against peroxyl radicals was observed in PL fed with 2.50 and 5.00% of "buritiââ‚¬Â (ammonia exposure), or 5.00 and 10.00% (nitrite exposure) of "buritiââ‚¬Â inclusion. Content of reduced glutathione was higher in shrimps exposed to ammonia and fed with 10.00% of "buritiââ‚¬Â. Lipid peroxidation levels were lower in shrimps exposed to ammonia or nitrite and previously fed with inclusion higher than 2.50% of "buritiââ‚¬Â. The increased scavenging activity and lower lipid peroxidation in ammonia or nitrite-exposed organisms and previously supplemented with "buritiââ‚¬Â point to a hormetic response that increases the resilience of L. vannamei to cope with nitrogenous compounds, pointing to the use of this fruit as a chemoprotectant agent.