bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Histological Study of Effects of Cigarette and Shisha Smoke on Lungs of Mice
Authors: Imran Shazia , Beenish Huma , Anjum Kaukab , Zaid Hina
Published: June 2023

Background: The most popular way to take in tobacco is as cigarettes, which are now frequently accessible as vaporizers. When inhaled for an extended period of time, the smoke's respiratory tract irritants cause fibrosis, inflammation, and precancerous diseases. Nicotine is the main alkaloid found in both commercial and home-made tobacco products, making up 0.6-3.0% of the dry weight of the tobacco plant. Aim: To compare the histological effects of cigarettes and shisha on the lungs of experimental animals. Study design: Randomized control trial. Methodology: A randomised control trial was used. In partnership with the National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, the Department of Anatomy at the Islamic International Medical College in Rawalpindi developed and carried out this six-month study. 40 mature male BALB/c mice were allocated into three groups at random. Mice from the Control group C were housed in a fresh air- and smoke-exposed environment. Third Group CS was exposed to cigarette smoke, while Experimental Group SS was subjected to shisha smoke. Two exposures per day, five days per week, were administered. After a total of eight months of exposure, the subjects were dissected, the lung tissue was evaluated under a microscope, and the outcomes were compared across experimental groups. The quantity of carbon-loaded alveolar macrophages per unit was measured in the lung tissues. SPSS 20.0 was utilized to analyze the data. For quantitative histology data, mean and standard deviation were provided, while frequencies and percentages were provided for qualitative factors. The Pearson Chi Square test was used to determine the p value when comparing two groups and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the mean differences between the control and experimental groups. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value of 0.05. Results: In comparison to group CS, group SS showed significantly more fibrosis, peribronchiolar inflammation, and bronchiolar constriction. Additionally, there were more carbon-loaded alveolar macrophages in group SS than in group CS, and this difference was statistically significant. Practical implication: As sheesha and vaping are now popular trends, this study will aid researchers in determining the risk linked with sheesha smoking. Conclusions: Shisha use is not a risk-free substitute for cigarette use. Compared to cigarette smoke, it has a larger concentration of toxicants that alter tissue at a far higher rate. Keywords: Shisha Smoke, Cigarette Smoke, Lungs Tissue, Mice and Histology.
Bland and Altman analysis: Machine performance check output
Authors: Aime M. Gloi  , Vladimir Stankovich  , Benjamin Rodriguez  , Stanley Mayas
Published: June 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation in the daily output of a linac Varian Edge TrueBeam over a month, using a Daily QA3 (QA3) and machine performance check (MPC), after Task Group 51protocol and baseline data had been established. Methods and Materials: The daily output data were collected for all photons (6, 10 MV, and 6, 10 FFF) and electrons (6, 9, 12, and 15 MeV) energies. A Bland-Altman-Plot and intraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess agreement and reliability. Results: MPC data showed small random deviations of ≤ 2% and agreed with the QA3 measurements. The maximum mean absolute difference between the QA3 and MPC data was observed with 6 MeV (0.5633), with limits of agreement of (−0.5392–1.6658). Conclusion: These results suggest that MPC data closely track QA3 data and that the two forms are interchangeable
Financial technologies (fintech) - current reality in the rise of transnational corporations!
Authors: Negara Maxim
Published: June 2023

This paper is aimed to describe the current reality in the development of financial technologies (Fintech). I reflected on the role of this technology and the reforms that have been implemented in the global economy. I also analyzed its benefits and consequences on the financial segment and on the lives of ordinary people. I intended to find out how financial technologies work and what is their influence on the transnational corporations. I also touched upon the evolution of this technology by presenting current statistics, its influence and regulatory tools (regtech).
The role of DCFTA in the development of the national economy of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Potorac Doina
Published: June 2023

Moldova-EU free trade agreement implies gradual liberalization (up to 10 years from signing) of trade in goods and services, free movement of labor, reduction of customs duties, technical and non-tariff barriers, abolition of quantitative restrictions and harmonization of EU acquisitions. Thus, the DCFTA (Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area between the Republic of Moldova and the European Union) is part of the European Association Agreement and brings additional economic benefits to the Republic of Moldova.
The transition to a new economic normal
Authors: Plamadeala Olivia
Published: June 2023

This work analyze the process of New Normal Economic Transition caused by global crisis. The aim of the project is to determine the impact of the „Ney Noral” on world economy and society. Where analized modern crisis as a Financial Crisis in 2007-2009 and Covid-19 and their tangent with „New Normal”. The concept approach identifies multiple effects on the psychology and financial capacity of a contemporary person. Also, people adaptation to same unexpected situations is presented as a solution of all negative effects of new crisis on our society.
Eco trends and their impact on international trade
Authors: Plamadeala Olivia
Published: June 2023

This work analyze the process of creating of new ECO trends and their adaptation on global trade to develop a sustainable economy. The aim of the project is to determine the impact of new ECO trends on world economy, trade and society. Were analized measures of support and hinder EU productivity to stop the environmental degradation. An ECO concept has multiple effects on the psychology and financial capacity of a contemporary society. Also, people adaptation to new trends is presented as a solution of reducing pollution and starting to live after a New Normality.
International trade in arms and ammunition. Challenges and threats
Authors: Gherlac Tatiana , Bostan Nelea
Published: June 2023

The arms trade is among the most profitable businesses in the world, with predictable growth year on year. International major arms shipments declined slightly between 2012–16 and 2017–21, but increased by 19% in Europe. The arms trade becomes trafficking in arms when transactions are made in violation of existing arms laws. According to the global organized crime index, the global arms trafficking score is 4.92 (out of 10). Libya has the highest score of arms and ammunition trafficking in the world (9.50), and the last place in the report is occupied by Tuvalu and Nauru (score 1.00). Also, in connection with the current war in Ukraine, which is overwhelmed by donations from all the states of the world, it does not have the means to prevent the diversion of weapons in the existing illegality of the arms trade.
The advantages of reorganization legal entities by merging
Authors: Ilovan (Catarau) Ana
Published: June 2023

Reorganization is a complex legal operation of transferring rights and obligations by succession from an existing legal entity to a successor legal entity that exists or was born through reorganization. the merger entails the dissolution, without the liquidation of the legal person that disappears with the universal transmission of its patrimony to the beneficiary legal entities.
RULING ON HAVING TO SPEAK FALSEHOOD
Authors: Basha Al Bajali Abul Firdaus Bayinat
Published: June 2023

Worship includes every human movement in life, and accordingly a person’s quest to take care of himself and his society is an obligatory matter, and he is rewarded for it as long as he adheres to what he must do in it. Because the meaning of compulsion is a comprehensive meaning that touches on many matters, and a person must be characterized by reconciliation with himself and with others. I have dealt with in this research some of the provisions of necessity in a number of the following issues:

Pronouncing the word disbelief when necessary.

Permissibility of lying and swearing against it when necessary

Taqiyyah Permissibility

Eating prohibited vaccinations

Drinking wine because of thirst

Then I interpreted the verses and explained the hadiths, criticism and deduction, and listed the opinions of the scholars and tried to explain the most correct one. Using the analytical method, then it showed the teachings to which the verses guide us, which must be applied in dealing with people through the applied approach.
INTRODUCTION TO NECESSITY THROUGH SHARIA AND LAW
Authors: Bayinat Basha Al Bajali Abul Firdaus
Published: June 2023

Worship includes every human movement in life, and accordingly, a person’s quest to take care of himself and his community is an obligation, and he is rewarded for it as long as he adheres to what he must do in it. Because the meaning of necessity is a comprehensive meaning that touches on many matters and a person must be characterized by reconciliation with himself and with others, and I have divided this research into issues preceded by an introduction. It included two topics. The first topic: in the definition of necessity in the language and in the terminology of legal jurists, and the second topic: it came in the definition of necessity according to the jurists of positive law, followed by a comparison between the two definitions. Then I interpreted the verses and explained the hadiths, criticism and deduction, and listed the opinions of scholars and tried to explain the most correct of it wherever it came. Using the analytical method, then it showed the teachings to which the verses guide us, which must be applied in dealing with people through the applied approach
THE NATURE OF THE LEGALITY OF CRIMES OF NECESSITY
Authors: Basha Al Bajali Abul Firdaus Bayinat
Published: June 2023

The scholars - may God Almighty have mercy on them - have limited the necessities without which there is no life in five faculties in which all the molecules necessary for life fall. A person’s life is cut off, and if there is a difference between the nations regarding the preservation of these necessities, it is in the manner of preserving them, not in their origin. The research has been called the nature of legitimacy for crimes of necessity; Because the meaning of necessity is a comprehensive meaning that touches on many matters, and a person must be characterized by reconciliation with himself and with others, and the noble Islamic Sharia has considered that any aggression that occurs against these universals or one of them is considered a crime in the eyes of Sharia that deserves the punishment specified by the Sharia. Islam did not leave the matter in vain, as the Almighty said: (ﮚ ﮛ ﮜ ﮝ ﮞ) but rather set the limits

And enact the way to know what is beneficial that must be sought and commanded, and what is harmful must be avoided and abstained from. And all of this came through the provisions that God enacted for his servants. As these commands and prohibitions are the sections of the ruling with which the Islamic street addressed the taxpayers. In this research, I dealt with some of the rulings on a number of issues in advance by defining them and explaining their divisions as follows: Definition of governance and its divisions, intention and permission, legal nature of necessity, comparison between Sharia and law in the nature of necessity,

I have interpreted the verses, explained the hadiths, criticism and deduction, and listed the opinions of scholars and tried to explain the most correct one. Using the analytical method, then it showed the teachings to which the verses guide us, which must be applied in dealing with people through the applied approach.
Tit comparative effects of mulligan traction straight leg raise versus muscle energy technique on pain intensity and hamstring tightness in patient with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Ali Zain , Zerish Zarmeen , Hussain Muhammad Nouman , Rahman Hamna , Younas Muhammad Waqar , Riaz Sobia
Published: June 2023

Objective: To determine the comparative effects of mulligan traction straight leg raise versus muscle energy technique on pain intensity and hamstring tightness in patient with knee osteoarthritis. Methodology: The design of this study was randomized clinical trial.  Data was collected from Physiotherapy Clinics, the University of Faisalabad. The sample size was of 36 subjects. Informed consent was signed by all participants. Participants were included in study by considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were divided randomly by lottery method into two groups, group A (mulligan traction straight legs raise technique) and group B (Muscle energy technique). Total treatment was of 4 weeks.  Outcomes measures tool were, VAS (visual analogue scale) for pain intensity and Oxford knee score (OKS) for disability. Active Knee Extension test was used to assess hamstring flexibility. Results: Mean Age of the group A participants were 53.89±5.76 and group B age 56.39±5.78. MET group was more effective in improving knee function rather that mulligan group (42.6±4.3 vs 34.3±5.1 with p value .000) similarly. MET group was more effective in improving hamstring flexibility and in pain reduction her that mulligan group (17.1±3.6 vs 24.6±4.7 with p value .000; 1.4±.5 vs3.4±.8 with p value .000).
Why vitamin D is important and how to access the important resources?
Authors: Mustafa Hassanat E.
Published: June 2023

Background: Vitamin D was important for health. It regulated calcium and phosphate absorption, strengthens bones; muscles, and improved the body’s immunity. There were multiple resources for it, but its deficiency led to various health problems. Aim: The study aimed to review literature to understand the nature and optimal time for exposure to sunrays for gaining vitamin D. Method: The searcher conducted the literature through health organizations such as Up-To-Date, Medline, Pro-Quest–Medline Index, Clinical Key, CDC, WHO, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Result: Vitamin D had various benefits for vital body function as well as its reduction led to serious problems, so the recommended daily oral dose was 600 IU which increased among the population with vitamin D deficiency. Exposed of the face, arms, legs, or back to sun rays for an average of 15 minutes between 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. two to three times per week was enough for cholecalciferol production. Conclusion: Vitamin D was important for the body function. The skin had the ability to synthesize vitamin D3 when exposed to sunlight during the day, especially in the summer; the peak time was 11:00 am to 2 pm.
Correlation between total leukocyte count (TLC) and c-reactive protein (CRP) in paediatric bronchiolitis patients
Authors: Qaisrani M Sher Khoh , Imran Muhammad , Lala Gul E , Anwar Zahid , Pasha Waseem , Bhatti Muhammad Zagham Aslam
Published: June 2023

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels in paediatric bronchiolitis patients to assess the prognostic significance of these markers in disease severity and patient outcomes. Study Design: A retrospective correlational study was conducted using patient records from a six-month period to analyze the relationship between TLC and CRP levels in paediatric bronchiolitis patients. Study Setting: The study was conducted at different centres including Department of Paediatrics, Social Security MNCH Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab and Sahara Medical College Narowal, Punjab in the period from August, 2022 to January, 2023. Methods: Data of paediatric patients aged 1 month to 2 years diagnosed with bronchiolitis was extracted from electronic medical records. The study included patients with complete data on TLC and CRP levels. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the association between TLC and CRP levels, while logistic regression analysis was performed to identify potential predictors of disease severity. Results: The study found a significant positive correlation between TLC and CRP levels in paediatric bronchiolitis patients (p<0.05). Higher TLC and CRP levels were associated with increased disease severity and longer hospital stay.
Production and hatchability of laying quails with turmeric (Curcuma longa) liquid in commercial diet and rearing in different sex ratios
Authors: Puringgar A  , B. Indarsih  , Syamsuhaedi  , I K. G. Wiryawan  , M. H. Tamzil
Published: June 2023

An experiment was carried out to assess the optimum turmeric concentration and ideal mating ratios for Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) for production performance of fertile eggs and hatchability. A total of 162 ten weeks old females and 27 males were assigned in the study. They were fed on a commercial layer quail diet containing approximately 18 % crude protein and 3000 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME)/kg and reared for 12 weeks in three mating ratios: 1:4, 1:6 and 1:8. (male: female), each replicated three times. A total of 540 selected hatching eggs per batch of incubation were collected and less than 7 days stored, then were incubated for hatching performance. Percentage of average egg production (AEP-%), feed intake (FI-g), feed conversion ratio (FCR), egg weight (EW-g), egg mass (EM-g/bird) and hatching performance were determined. It was observed that FI were the only performance production affected significantly (P<0.001) by feeding a commercial diet mixed with liquid turmeric. Mating ratios influence FI and FCR (P<0.001). Most hatching performances were affected by turmeric and sex ratios, except dead in-shell and normal quail chicks. The values of AEP (87.16%) and EM (8.42 g/bird/d) were the highest performance with 10 g/kg of turmeric. The ratio of 1:4 was the best mating ratio for local quail breed with highest records of all hatching performances significantly.
Scrolling through sleep: Moroccan high school students smartphone uses and sleep quality
Authors: Sadiq Sana , Anasse Khadija , Slimani Najib
Published: June 2023

In the educational field, sleep is a vital need for students. Recent research has connected smartphone addiction, poor sleep, and academic failure. There is a glaring paucity of information on this subject in Morocco. In order to fill this gap, we conducted this study. This cross-sectional study investigated the effect of smartphone addiction on sleep quality and school outcomes among secondary school students in Marrakesh, Morocco. Following the simple random method, a sample of 389 students was selected. They answered an online questionnaire that included questions about some demographic characteristics, smartphone use, and sleeping habits. The results revealed that 57.8% of the students suffer from smartphone addiction, and 59.9% suffer from poor sleep quality. The study found that there is a moderately positive correlation between smartphone addiction and poor sleep quality. The study not only suggests the need for parents, educators, and health professionals to raise awareness about the negative effects of smartphone addiction on students’ sleep quality, but also provides a basis for developing interventions aims at reducing smartphone addiction and improving sleep quality.
Engagement of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) with Corporate Sector in Implementing CSR Projects: Experiences from Karnataka, India
Authors: Indira Mahendravada
Published: June 2023

The introduction of mandatory CSR with the “Chatterjee Model” has provided the necessary fillip and visibility to the partnerships between the corporate sector and NGOs.  The development sector in India witnessed a significant change with the introduction of mandatory CSR. CSR funds became a major source of funding for the NGOs. In this context, the present study tries to understand the nature of emerging partnerships between NGOs and the corporate sector, the motivational factors and different dimensions from the NGO perspective. It is a descriptive exploratory study based on the purposively selected NGOs in Mysore and Bangalore districts of Karnataka. The study reveals that NGOs are engaging with companies mainly for accessing financial resources. Since the companies are having control over finances, companies lead the partnerships. There is good communication between NGOs and their business partners. Transformative changes are observed in some NGOs by improving their capabilities. Suggestions are made based on the study to realize maximum collaborative social value from the engagements.
PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH THE QUALITY CARE PROVIDED BY NURSES AT THE BEDSIDE IN TERTIARY HEALTH INSTITUTE
Authors: JAVID B , PERVEEN T , NAZAR K
Published: June 2023

to compare the level of patient satisfaction based on their socio-demographic characteristics in tertiary care institutes. This study was conducted at Nishtar Hospital after getting ethical approval from ERC. It was conducted from January 05, 2023, to May 05, 2023, between patients 20-50 years of age who had been admitted to the hospital for at least five days, and both genders were included. Disoriented patients or those who refused to participate were excluded from this study. Data was collected using PSNCQQ, a 19-emit questionnaire with 5 responses of each item from poor to fair, good, very good, and excellent. Then comparison was made between the socio-demographic and PSNCQQ total score. SPSS version.21 was employed for this purpose. Descriptive statistics were depicted in frequencies (%ages), mean & SD. The level of significance was <0.05. This study revealed no significant difference between patient’s age, gender & marital status, and level of satisfaction with quality care provided by nurses (p>0.05). But the nature of the patient's ward revealed a significant difference with p<0.05 and their satisfaction level with nursing care. It was concluded that the nature of the ward only affects the level of patient satisfaction by the nursing care they receive. And age, gender, and marital status do not affect their satisfaction level.
CARBOFURAN INTOXICATION IN MALES, ALSO CALLED CAT KILLER PILLS
Authors: MUSTAFA KJ , IRFAN A
Published: June 2023

Carbofuran is a frequently used insecticide, acaricide, and nematicide that is used in the field of agriculture all around the world. Presently, carbofuran is commonly used in malicious poisoning. It is among the class of insecticides that are used to eradicate soil-dwelling pests from crops. Approximately 20,000 tonnes of this product is used annually. As effective as it is in controlling insects, it has notorious side effects on humans and is now introduced as "Cat Killer Pills." A 26-year-old male, a healthy student of 12th standard, presented with a suicidal attempt with this 'Cat Killer Pill.' 6 hours after ingestion, he experienced weakness, fatigue, sweating, breathing difficulties, and disorientation. He was initially treated at another hospital, where he was intubated due to a suppressed respiratory system. Upon presentation, he was intubated. He was treated with Atropine and Pralidoxime, which helped in his cure. The results of this study suggest that in addition to the cholinolytic effects of atropine, Pralidoxime may prevent and antagonize the acute toxicity of carbofuran by reactivating cholinesterase and rapid elimination of carbofuran.
ROLE OF VITAMIN-D SUPPLEMENTATION IN COVID-19 PATIENTS
Authors: SALMAN M , ZAMAN S , AYMUN U , KHAWAR S , KHAN I , KARIM A
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 has become a global pandemic and has affected millions of people worldwide. While there is still much to learn about the virus, it is clear that individuals with weakened immune systems and pre-existing health conditions are at higher risk of severe illness and death. The study's main objective is to find the role of Vitamin-D supplementation in COVID-19 patients. The study included 300 COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital between January 2021 and May 2021. Using computer-generated randomization, participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group received a daily dose of 4000 IU of Vitamin D3 for 14 days, while the control group received standard care without Vitamin D supplementation. Per hospital guidelines, all patients received standard medical treatment for COVID-19, including oxygen therapy, antiviral therapy, and corticosteroids. The study showed that Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the time to clinical improvement in COVID-19 patients. The median time to clinical improvement was 7 days in the intervention group, compared to 9 days in the control group (p <0.001). The intervention group also had a significantly shorter length of hospital stay, with a median of 9 days, compared to 11 days in the control group (p <0.001). In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation's role in treating COVID-19 patients is an area of active research and has generated considerable interest in the scientific community. The results of the available studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation may have potential benefits in reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 and improving clinical outcomes.
Tutor Sebaya dalam Hafalan Sifat-Sifat Wajib Allah SWT
Authors: Asriannor Asriannor
Published: June 2023

Proses pembelajaran menghafal sifat-sifat wajib Allah berjalan kurang efekif. Salah satu penyebabnya yaitu banyaknya peserta didik yang masih kurang dalam kemampuan membaca aqidah akhlak dengan baik dan benar sesuai kaidah tajwid, kurangnya semangat peserta didik untuk belajar menghafal  sifat-sifat Wajib Allah, kurangnya interaksi dan perhatian orang tua, ketidak tepatan dalam memilih metode pembelajaran serta ada jarak antara satu peserta didik dengan peserta didik lain. Kondisi seperti ini menyebabkan aktifitas belajar mengajar akan terasa menjenuhkan dan hanya menjadi rutinitas belaka. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, dilakukan penelitian dengan menerapkan metode tutor sebaya dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran menghafal sifat-sifat Wajib Allah dengan harapan mampu meningkatkan kemampuan menghafal  sifat-sifat Wajib Allah  bagi siswa. Dengan demikian rumusan masalah yang dipaparkan yaitu adakah peningkatan hasil belajar dalam pengajaran aqidah akhlak melalui pelaksanaan tutor sebaya dalam menghafal sifat-sifat Wajib Allah pada mata pelajaran aqidah akhlak pada siswa kelas VII-A MTs Negeri 3 Paser? Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini ialah kualitatif berbasis penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII-A di MTs Negeri 3 Paser. Hasil yang di dapat oleh siswa melalui penelitian ini sangatlah meningkat, dalam hal ini dapat di buktikan dengan peningkatan ketuntasan klasikal dan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa dari 62,90% menjadi 87,90%.
PENGARUH QUICK RATIO DAN EARNING PER SHARE TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN BATU BARA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Rehalat Sarnawia , Lamasidonda Jaelani , Zakaria Syawal
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the effect of quick ratio and earnings per share on share prices in coal mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The analytical tool used in this study was multiple linear regression. The total population of 21 companies or all coal mining companies listed on the IDX, which is sampled in this study is as many as 6 stone mining companies listed on the IDX and companies have data to calculate Quick Ratio (QR) and Earning Per Share (EPS), as well as available annual financial report data published during the research period 2011-2016 in www.idx.co.id. The results showed that the independent variable Quick Ratio (X1) had a negative and significant influence on stock prices, while Earning Per Share (X2) had a positive but not significant influence on Coal Mining Companies listed on the IDX. The higher the Quick Ratio level indicates its short-term financial performance, the better because the company is considered capable of paying its obligations using cash, tradable securities, and receivables
Major metabolic and metabolomic aspects of nutrition in the gut microbiota and sports performance: a systematic review
Authors: Ishikawa Vanessa Nishi , Gontijo Giovanna Maria , Ichikawa Aline Isabela Tiemi , Bubna Paula , Conter Franciele da Silva , Queiroz Antonio Carlos Madeiro de , Picchia Rafael Del , Nunes Bárbara Monteiro Moreira , Cardillo Igor Cano Pavesi
Published: June 2023

Introduction: In the context of sports performance, nutrition has been used to improve the health of the brain, bones, muscles, and cardiovascular system of athletes. However, recent research suggests that the gut microbiota (GM) may also play a role in athlete health and performance. Objective: It was to carry out a systematic review of the main clinical findings, involving the metabolic and metabolomic aspects, of the relationship between gut microbiota and sports performance under control and nutrological modulation. Methods: The systematic review rules of the PRISMA Platform were followed. The research was carried out from January to March 2023 in Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 328 articles were found, and 132 articles were evaluated in full and 108 were included and developed in this systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 52 studies with a high risk of bias and 74 studies that did not meet GRADE. It was concluded that athletes must feed, train and utilize the entire supraorganism, including the GM, implementing gut-centered dietary strategies to achieve optimal performance. Current evidence suggests that the GM may contribute to sports performance through the production of dietary metabolites (short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids), influence on gastrointestinal physiology (e.g. nutrient absorption), and immune modulation (inhibition of pathogens). Dietary strategies common in athletes, such as a high intake of protein and simple carbohydrates and a low intake of nondigestible carbohydrates, may adversely affect the GM and predispose athletes to gastrointestinal problems and thus impair performance. However, adequate dietary fiber intake, a variety of protein sources, and an emphasis on unsaturated fats, especially ɷ-3 fatty acids, as well as supplementation with pre, pro, and synbiotics, have shown promising results in optimizing the health of the athletes and their GM with potential beneficial effects on performance.
DIAPHRAGMATIC MOBILITY, DISEASE SEVERITY, AND EXERCISE TOLERANCE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Canena Michele Vaz Pinheiro , Zhang Linjie
Published: June 2023

Airflow obstruction in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease  represents the main disabling factor, in a progressive and irreversible manner. Respiratory muscle dysfunction correlates with disease mortality and morbidity and reduces the patient's tolerance to exercise and quality of life. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate diaphragmatic mobility, disease severity, and exercise tolerance in patients with COPD. Methods: The study included clinically stable patients diagnosed with COPD according to the GOLD 2019 guidelines. We excluded patients who had disease exacerbation during the study or in the last two months preceding the study those who were unable to perform any of the study assessments due to lack of understanding or cooperation, and those who had clinical intercurrences of cardiorespiratory and, or musculoskeletal nature during the assessments. The diaphragmatic mobility was measured by ultrasound, curvilinear transducer (1-5Mhz). The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) was performed according to the guidelines suggested by the American Thoracic Society. We used the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) and the modified Borg scale to assess the patient's quality of life and the degree of dyspnea, respectively. Results: Sixty-six patients were included and classified into three groups: mild COPD (n=16), moderate COPD (n=30), and severe/very severe COPD (n=20). The mean age of the patients was 63.7 ± 9.4 years, 53% were female, and the mean BMI was 27.6 ± 5.5 kg/m². Diaphragmatic mobility did not correlate with the distance walked on the 6MWT (p=0.8), CAT scores (p=0.2), and disease severity (p=0.9). It also did not correlate with other clinical and functional variables such as heart and respiratory rate, blood pressure peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and Borg scores. Conclusion: In our study, diaphragmatic mobility measurements seem unable to identify disease severity and to correlate with other clinical and functional parameters.
APRECIAÇÃO DA COMUNICAÇÃO DE MÁS NOTÍCIAS CLÍNICAS POR GRADUANDOS DE MEDICINA DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL
Authors: Muñoz Rilva Lopes de Sousa , Marcelino Maria Fernanda de Miranda , Silva Rômulo Kunrath Pinto , De Araújo Samara Amorim , Sousa Manoela Toledo , Loureiro Luiz Victor Maia
Published: June 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a opinião de graduandos do internato médico da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) sobre o seu próprio conhecimento a respeito da comunicação de más notícias (CMN) aos pacientes, enfocando o protocolo SPIKES. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, envolvendo 106 estudantes de medicina do 50 e 60 anos do Centro de Ciências Médicas/UFPB. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da autoadministração de um questionário contendo questões demográficas, sobre aprendizagem de comunicação de más notícias durante a graduação e conhecimento do protocolo SPIKES, do acrônimo em inglês que se refere a seis passos recomendados para comunicação de más notícias. A amostra apresentou equivalência percentual quanto ao sexo, idade entre 21 e 40 anos (média: 25,6; desvio-padrão: 3,7 anos); 71,7% solteiros e 55,7% brancos (55,7%). Observou-se que 83,9% revelaram ter recebido orientação sobre CMN, a maioria antes do internato, 34,9% consideravam boa sua capacidade de CMN e 47,2%, regular. A principal dificuldade referida na CMN foi ser honesto sem tirar a esperança do doente (40,6%) enquanto 64,2% referiram sentir-se não muito confortável nesse tipo de comunicação. Verificou-se que 65,1% da amostra conheciam o SPIKES, 44,5% o consideravam prático o seu, e o item mais difícil de aplicar foi referido como reconhecer o quanto o paciente gostaria de saber (29,2%). Conclui-se que a maioria dos estudantes conhecia a existência e o conteúdo de protocolo estruturado para comunicar más notícias, além de considerá-lo uma estratégia prática na sua futura vivência como médico, porém não parecem se sentir confiantes para praticar a CMN e mais estudantes do sexo feminino referiram se sentir desconfortáveis na sua execução.
SIMULAÇÃO EM SOFTWARES DE PROCESSAMENTO PARA OBTENÇÃO DE FLUXOGRAMA DE COMINUIÇÃO E CLASSIFICAÇÃO DA CROMITA
Authors: De Oliveira Pablo Souza , Nascimento André Figueiredo , Silva Felipe Manoel Sena , Silva André Carlos , Silva Elenice Maria Schons
Published: June 2023

A Companhia de Ferro Ligas da Bahia – Ferbasa é a maior extratora do mineral cromita no país. O dimensionamento de uma nova rota de britagem, classificação e moagem para o beneficiamento do mineral com capacidade de processamento de 1.000 t/h e um top size de 40 polegadas foi realizada através de simulações estáticas utilizando os softwares USIMPAC® e Bruno Simulation®. Através de um método quantitativo e utilizando os dados internos da companhia a melhor rota foi simulada e comparada aos dados obtidos pela forma tradicional. Nos resultados obtidos na simulação verificou-se que houve variações nos resultados para o dimensionamento, onde obteve-se diâmetro nominal de 3,81 m e comprimento nominal de 5,71 m com potência instalada de 907,6 kW. Na simulação do CAPEX, com o USIMPAC®, o mesmo ficou próximo da realidade dos valores praticados no mercado. Os resultados obtidos para o dimensionamento demonstraram uma convergência nas granulometrias obtidas na prática industrial, o que facilita a implementação de estudos futuros para o aumento de capacidade da planta.
Rendimiento académico y otros factores psicológicos, sociales y familiares en estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria en un contexto multicultural
Authors: Maria Olivia
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo pretende trasladar la investigación sobre el rendimiento académico en alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) (12-18 años) de factores personales a otros de tipo psicosocial o sociológico, en un centro español con un alto nivel de inmigración, que acoge a alumnos de veintiocho nacionalidades cuyo porcentaje ronda el 60%. Un segundo objetivo fue desarrollar un breve instrumento de medición para predecir el rendimiento académico, siendo la principal variable dependiente el número de asignaturas suspendidas en las tres evaluaciones de los cursos, encontrando una “constelación óptima de variables” con mayor probabilidad de lograr un mejor rendimiento académico. 317 alumnos de Educación Secundaria formaron parte de esta investigación en un centro público de Zaragoza (Aragón-España) a los que se les aplicó un “Cuestionario de Entorno Familiar, Psicosocial y Contextual” “ad hoc” cuyo análisis factorial arrojó tres factores: Contexto Inmigración, Entorno Familiar y historia autobiográfica académica y hábitos de estudio. Finalmente, analizamos las diferencias encontradas entre estudiantes de diferentes continentes, tratando de encontrar fundamentos socioculturales y condiciones óptimas que puedan explicar estas diferencias. Un análisis más detallado permite vislumbrar una configuración de las variables más importantes que apuntan a un hipotético “éxito académico” en este campo educativo donde existe una gran diversidad étnica y cultural.
Use of Hybrid Methods in Improving Community Healthy Lifestyle Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Rumahorbo Hotma , Karjatin Atin , Wiryanti Wiwin , Sakti Bani
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: The COVID 19 pandemic is a challenge for public health services in Indonesia because various priority health services for diabetes prevention in the community have not been implemented. Diabetes risk factors such as obesity, lack of physical exercise, and eating fewer vegetables and/or fruit also increased. The SESAMA (Segitiga Kerjasama/Triangle of cooperation) model is a Diabetes control model whose implementation is carried out directly in the community but during the COVID-19 pandemic, it could not be fully implemented so the hybrid method became a modification of the implemented strategy. This study aims to find out whether the SESAMA model can be implemented using the hybrid method.

METHODS: The study was conducted by a survey to all people aged > 18 years in 4 target villages, who participated in fasting blood glucose screening and body weight measurements. The survey produced a number of respondents who met the criteria for obesity with or without prediabetes and were given the SESAMA model of intervention.  

RESULTS: There was a decrease in the number of people with prediabetes from 148 people to 105 people (29.05%). Prediabetes with obesity also experienced a reduction. From 108 people with prediabetes with grade 3 obesity, 14 people were reduced to 3 people (78.57%); for grade 2 as many as 12 people were reduced to 9 people (25%) and for grade 1 as many as 82 people increased to 83 people and normal weight increased from 40 people to 53 people.

CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of the SESAMA Model for people with Prediabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic which was carried out using the hybrid method showed a decrease in the proportion of people with prediabetes. The proportion of obesity in people with prediabetes has also decreased. The SESAMA model during a pandemic can be implemented using the hybrid method, by maintaining the application of strict health protocols and optimizing cooperation with various stakeholders in the community.
The relationship between supply chain finance and firm performance: Evidence from Thai listed firms
Authors: Thomya Wanlapa , Rangsungnoen Grid , Ritsri Uma , Nonthapot Sakkarin , Saenchaiyathon Krittapha
Published: June 2023

The idea of supply chain finance (SCF), often called "working capital management", is to optimize the flow of funds across the entire supply chain in businesses, theoretically enhancing supply chain participants' efficiency. This study aims to investigate if the relationship between supply chain finance and firm performance is consistent across industry sectors. The sample includes businesses that were listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) between 2016 and 2020. The study compared 64 firms in the agro-industry with 668 firms from all SET industries. The annual financial report (Form 56-1) and data from the SETSMART database were mined for source data. Though the multiple regression study found a substantial positive relationship between SCF and firm performance for the agro-industry, it was not consistent across all other industries. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between SCF and firm performance. This research thus assists in understanding how companies listed on the SET manage their financial supply chains. The listed companies may apply the findings to improve their performance through effective working capital management. In addition, governmental agencies can use the results to develop policies that support effective financial supply chain management for all supply chain participants.
Importance of Public Relations and its Tools in the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Tanwar Mr. Parikshit Singh Tanwar , Ashfaq Dr Rubaid
Published: June 2023

The topic of the study is the Importance of public relations and its tools in the hospitality industry. The study's goals included analyzing the purposes and goals of public relations in hotels, learning how hotels use PR tools and techniques, and looking at how hotels use corporate reputation and trust. The study's mixed methodology shows that an analysis was conducted that was both qualitative and quantitative in character. The research found that public relations were "settled" at the hotel, which had a Public Relations Unit inside the Marketing Department and well-stated aims and objectives. However, based on the feedback provided by the hotel's customers, it is crucial for the establishment to regularly gauge the opinions of its stakeholders or actively involve its clientele, as recommended by public relations theories. The study concluded that effective PR techniques have a favorable effect on hotels' corporate reputations, growth, and goodwill.
Inwerkingtredingsbepalingen
Authors: Nap M.
Published: June 2023

Inwerkingtredingsbepalingen

Een wijziging van de Wet dieren zorgde enige tijd geleden voor enige ophef. De regering besloot daarop een bij amendement ingevoegd onderdeel niet in werking te laten treden. In deze aflevering van ‘Legisprudentie’ inventariseert de auteur de advisering over inwerkingtredingsbepalingen.
STUDI KASUS KESULITAN MEMBACA DAN UPAYA GURU DALAM MENGATASINYA PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS IV B SDN DEMAAN JEPARA
Authors: Apriliyani Fina Dwi , Salamah Rizka Alfis , Amalia Fadhilah Putri , Sari Firda Widya
Published: June 2023

Difficulty reading is a condition characterized by the existence of obstacles in the activities of achieving learning objectives. The cause of students having difficulty reading is due to various factors such as internal factors and external factors. Educating and teaching about literacy is something that is really needed. The teacher's efforts here are to help students to read by means of existing methods and are often used in the learning process. With this, some of the learning difficulties experienced by students, namely in reading, writing, recognizing letters, and recognizing punctuation, students were able to overcome well. SDN Demaan Jepara. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Collecting data using observation, interviews, and documentation. The samples in this study were 3 students in class IV B SDN who had difficulty reading, and the homeroom teacher for class IV B. The data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data display, and verification. Based on the results of this research conducted at SDN Demaan Jepara, it can be concluded that the presence of students who experience reading difficulties is very influential in the success of learning for individual students and affects other students. So that the teacher's role is very important as a facilitator and motivator for students who try to do this by giving additional tutoring, arranging student seats, and providing motivation to learn to read to students
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS PARAGRAF DESKRIPSI MELALUI TEKNIK PENGAMATAN OBJEK LANGSUNG PADA SISWA KELAS IV C SDN PAKIS V SURABAYA
Authors: Pratiwi Desi Eka
Published: June 2023

Writing skills are one of several basic language competencies that students must have in order to be skilled at communicating in writing. However, in learning Indonesian, the writing aspect in class IV C is still relatively low. Based on these problems, the purpose of this research is to increase student activity in learning to write descriptive paragraphs and improve skills in writing descriptive paragraphs. This study uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) procedures which consist of four series of activities in each cycle (1) planning, (2) action, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. The results of this study showed an increase from cycle I and cycle II, student activity in cycle I reached 72%, while in cycle II it increased to 82%. Classical mastery in writing paragrah description skills in cycle I reached 32.26% and in cycle II increased to 83.87%. From the results of this study it can be concluded that the use of direct object observation techniques can improve the skills of writing descriptive paragraphs in class IV C SDN Pakis V Surabaya.
ANALISIS SISTEM MANAJEMEN BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU OUTPUT PESERTA DIDIK DI MI NURUL HUDA SIDOARJO
Authors: Subaidah S. , Nadlir Nadlir
Published: June 2023

Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Nurul Huda must provide quality education services and be supported by information technology in improving academic and non-academic quality. This study aims to determine information technology-based management systems at MI Nurul Huda and to analyze information technology-based management systems in improving the quality of student output at MI Nurul Huda. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The subjects in this study were the principal, the vice principal, and the teacher council. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the information technology management system that takes place at MI Nurul Huda is computer-based learning, E-Learning, data-based applications, E-Rapot, Fingerprint, PPDB Online, and also webinars; efforts made by madrasas to improve the quality of output at MI Nurul Huda include: organizing digital-based learning activities during the Covid-19 pandemic and carrying out face-to-face learning assisted by technology, although it is still limited to improving the quality of teaching and learning; sending talented students to take part in academic and non-academic competitions, motivating students, and providing directions to students who wish to continue to a higher level, the use of information technology can make a significant contribution in improving the quality of student output both in data management students, the learning process, a collaboration between teachers, students, and parents.