bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Restaurant business foresight
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics, Nadiia VEDMID , Tetiana TKACHUK ,   State University of Trade and Economics, Olexandr KOSAR ,   State University of Trade and Economics
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Development management of the restaurant business is problematically orien­ted because exogenous and endogenous factors influence the efficiency of restaurant business establishments. Problem. The influence of external and inter­nal factors of different hierarchical levels on the restaurant business actualizes the expediency of developing innovative and adaptive mechanisms of interaction with the subjects of economic relations, which are formed based on the use of cognitive modeling in the identification and selection of scenario vectors for predicting their development. The aim of the article is the scientific sub­stantiation of scenario vectors for forecasting the development of restaurant business establishments. Methods. General scientific and special me­thods of cognition such as abstract-logical, com­parison, analysis and synthesis, system approach, logical and cognitive modeling, theoretical gene­ralization and formulation of conclusions were applied in the article. Results. The dynamics of restaurant business establishments are analyzed and substantiated, and comparative monitoring of the volume of services sold by service sector enterprises by type of economic activity is carried out. The advan­tages, disadvantages, and risks of combining restaurant business establishments into multi-format chains have been identified. Conclusions. The content of scenario vectors for forecasting the development of restaurant business establishments has been developed and characterized; it includes a focus on consumer values and need, collaboration of restaurant busi­ness entities and related food service companies, unification of formats and concepts of subjects of the restaurant business, restructuring of busi­ness models of restaurant business entities, techno­logical innovations to improve consumer safety and omnicidal marketing communication. Based on the above, the authors’ interpretation of the concept of "business scenario" is provided.
Developing Problem Based Learning Device to Grow Students' Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability
Authors: Julfianto Muhamad , Suanto Elfis , Siregar Syarifah Nur
Published: February 2023

This research is motivated by the importance of students' mathematical critical thinking skills and the limited learning tools with problem-based learning models to facilitate students' mathematical critical thinking skills used by teachers (Syllabus, RPP, and LAS) as a means of supporting learning in the 2013 Curriculum and fostering the ability to think mathematical critical. This research aims to produce a learning device based on the Model of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on the probability material that is valid and practical to grow students' mathematical critical thinking skills. The model of development used is the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The subjects of one-to-one evaluation in this study were three 9th-grade SMP IT Aufia Global Islamic Boarding School and six heterogeneous students as small group evaluation subjects. The data analysis technique that will be carried out in this study is descriptive analysis technique. The Instruments used include (1) Syllabus, lesson plans, and student activity sheet validation sheets; and (2) a Questionnaire for student response to Student activity sheets. The learning tools that have been compiled are then validated by three validators and revised according to suggestions from the validators. The learning device is said to be valid if the level of validity achieved is at a value The validation results from three validators show that the syllabus, lesson plans, and student activity sheet are very valid, with the average score in a row 3.82, 3.74, and 3.55. Student activity sheet practicality shows an average percentage of 92,06% with efficient criteria. The results of this study indicate that the learning based on Model Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on the probability material is very valid and significantly grows students' mathematical critical thinking skills.
Town-planning analysis of university campus location in large cities of Siberia
Authors: Maksimova K. A. , Korenev V. I.
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the university infrastructure in large Siberian cities. University campuses are classified depending on their spatial organization and location in the city.

Criteria are used for the evaluation of urban planning of university campuses, that determine the location of universities. Depending on a distance between campuses and academic buildings, university campuses are distinguished between low, medium and high degrees of distribution. University campuses are divided into universities locating at the center, center boundary and periphery of the city.

Based on the proposed classification and town-planning analysis of academic buildings and campuses, the types of spatial structures of university campuses are determined for such large cities of the Siberian Federal District as Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Barnaul, Kemerovo, Irkutsk.

According to the town-planning analysis, the high distribution of universities is mostly often found in Krasnoyarsk and Kemerovo. Universities with low and medium distribution are typical for Barnaul, Irkutsk, and Tomsk.
Physicochemical and structural investigations of Si3N4 and AlN powder mixture product using plasma treatment
Authors: Vlasov V. A. , Klopotov A. A. , Bezukhov K. A. , Volokitin G. G. , Gorlenko N. P. , Sarkisov Yu. S. , Nikolaev E. V. , Golobokov N. N.
Published: February 2023

The paper presents research results of the β-SiAlON production from aluminum, silicon and urea nitrides using high-enthalpy thermal plasma flow. Physicochemical properties of β-SiAlON are studied by using the X-ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and differential  thermal  analysis.  It  is  shown  that  at  the  spicified  plasma  jet  parameters, a thermochemical reaction occurs with the formation of β-Si5AlON7. Three zones of the structure formation caused by the temperature gradient in the bulk material as a result of the plasma exposure, are identified and studied. The first zone is directly irradiated by the plasma. The second is the transition zone, which locates between the first and third zones. The third is the thermal heating zone provided by the heat transfer from the irradiated zone.
Merchant estates in Tomsk planning structure late in the 19th and early 20th centuries
Authors: Katalevskaya E. S. , Sitnikova E. V.
Published: February 2023

The article deals with wooden merchant estate buildings of Tomsk late in the 19th and early 20th centuries. At the turn of the 19–20th centuries, the wooden construction, is the fundamental planning in the architectural and town-planning structures in Siberian cities. The relevance of the study is determined by the problems of preserving the integrity of historical urban estates in Tomsk, in particular household buildings of which there are currently very few left.

Purpose: A comprehensive analysis of three most interesting estates of Tomsk merchants, namely G.M. Golovanov, A.F. Zelenevskaya, and the Kukhterins and the planning structure and functional zoning of merchant estates, architecture and planning of buildings, and preservation of estate complexes.

Methodology/approach: Historical, archival and bibliographic documents; field research conducted by the authors in 2022; methods of the data identification, comprehensive, systematic and comparative analyses.

Research findings: Collected and analyzed materials on wooden merchant estates in Tomsk. The high urban significance of the historical buildings is determined, the rational zoning and multifunctionality of merchant estates is identified.

Originality/value:  The  comprehensive  analysis  of three  merchant  wooden  estates  of the 19–20th centuries, justification of their value as the main elements of the spatial planning structure of the Tomsk city.
Effect of Welding Speed on Residual Stress and Distortion of AISI 1045 Plate Using the Finite Element Method (FEM)
Authors: Sutrimo  , Azmy Ilham , Koeshardono Fachri , Winarta Rahmandani
Published: February 2023

Welding is one of the metals joining methods to assembly parts which are used in manufacturing, automotive, and aerospace industries. The welding process merely simulated in modelling using finite element method (FEM). Simulation is used to determine how the effect of welding speed on the distribution of temperature, residual stress, and deformation in the V-Butt Joint welding model. The material used in this welding simulation is AISI 1045 plate with a thickness of 8 mm. Variable speed of welding performed in 30 cm/minute, 40 cm/minute and 50 cm/minute. As the result, the residual stress and distortion will be compared in order to find the best welding speed which produces the smallest residual stress and distortion value. Welding simulation based on SMAW with 6.3 mm of E7016 electrode, current of 150 A, voltage of 26 V, and single-pass welding. The finite element method using the ANSYS 2020 R2 software for simulation. Welding simulation uses transient thermal and moving heat flux features, while residual stresses and distortion use static structural features. From this research, the maximum temperature distribution after welding at welding speeds of 30 cm/minute, 40 cm/minute and 50 cm/minute were 295.22 ℃, 240.59 ℃ and 205.94 ℃, respectively. In this study, the welding speed of 30cm/minute has the highest values of residual stress and distortion, which is about 0.00000036965 MPa and 0.090894 mm. Besides, for welding speed of 40 cm/minute and 50 cm/minute, the total residual stress and total distortion value are 0.00000027744 MPa; 0.067248 mm and 0.00000022218 MPa; 0.053419 mm, respectively.
Symptomatic subdural hemorrhage following heart valve surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Oshida Sotaro , Tsuboi Junichi , Kin Hajime , Okabayashi Hitoshi , Komoribayashi Nobukazu , Akamatsu Yosuke , Fujiwara Shunrou , Ogasawara Kuniaki
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE

Subdural hemorrhage (SDH) has been reported to be the most frequent intracranial hemorrhagic complication following open heart surgery; however, its clinical features and pathophysiology remain unclear. The aim of this retrospective study was to elucidate the incidence, clinical course, and factors associated with the development of symptomatic SDH following heart valve surgery.

METHODS

A retrospective review of medical records on the development of symptomatic SDH after heart valve surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) from April 2011 to March 2016 was performed. Patients who had undergone preoperative cranial computed tomography (CT) or brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in this study, and factors associated with SDH following heart valve surgery were analyzed. When neurological symptoms developed after heart valve surgery, cranial CT or brain MRI was performed.

RESULTS

A total of 556 patients who had undergone heart valve surgery were analyzed. Among these patients, symptomatic SDH occurred in 11 (2.0%). The mean duration of symptomatic onset was 10.1 days (range 2–37 days). Ten of 11 patients (90.9%) developed SDH in the posterior fossa or occipital convexity. Logistic regression analysis revealed longer aortic clamp time (95% CI 1.00–1.10, p = 0.04), higher dose of heparin after surgery (95% CI 1.00–1.02, p = 0.001), and higher pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) just before disconnection of the CPB (95% CI 1.01–1.37, p = 0.04) as significantly associated with the development of SDH.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of symptomatic SDH following heart valve surgery was 2.0%. Symptoms due to SDH usually developed a few days to 1 month after surgery. Surprisingly, most SDHs developed in the posterior fossa or occipital convexity following heart valve surgery. A longer aortic clamp time, higher dose of heparin after surgery, and higher PAP just before disconnection of the CPB were related to the development of symptomatic SDH following heart valve surgery.
Planning Management Implementation to Improve Graduate Quality
Authors: Misini Misini , Abidin Zainal , Warisno Andi , Andari An An , Anshori M Afif
Published: February 2023

The implementation of educational planning management at the Al Khoiriyah Educational Institution Serang, Indonesia, has the goal of improving the quality of graduates with indicators of competence competitiveness, both intellectual and skill as well as superior social competence of alumni. The management implemented by the educational institution Al Khoiriyah Serang is based on Islamic values. To achieve the expected results, management of educational planning within the educational organization Al Khoiriyah Serang needs to be carried out and implemented as well as possible. This study uses library research by collecting information and data from reference books from similar previous research results, articles, notes, and various journals related to the problem to be solved. Implementation of educational planning in an organization, especially in the educational institution Al Khoiriyah Serang is not easy. There are many problems and obstacles in the existing work culture, so the work of teachers and employees greatly influences the output of the educational institutions that are run. The enthusiasm of the community to join in the education of Al Khoiriyah Serang indicates that the community’s trust in the output produced is recognized as superior.
Development of Islamic Higher Education in Indonesia
Authors: Gumanti Miswan , Maisaroh Iis , Warisno Andi , Andari An An , Anshori M Afif
Published: February 2023

This study aimed at describing the development of public and private Islamic universities in Indonesia and the renewal of the Islamic education system in Indonesia. This study is qualitative. The results obtained indicate that the development of PTAI has had a major impact on political, economic, social, cultural mobility and so on, among Muslims in Indonesia in particular and Indonesian society in general. In responding to the demands and developments of the times, within the body of IAIN itself there has been a fundamental change by updating the institution to become UIN.
The Evolution of Islamic Educational Institutions in Indonesia
Authors: Asmanto Budi , Suradi Suradi , Warisno Andi , Andari An An , Anshori M Afif
Published: February 2023

The aim of this library research is to describe the history of Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia. The instrument in this study is documentation of literatures. The study found that the educational institutions are a strategic tool for the process of transforming values and culture in a social community. The existence of Islamic educational institutions cannot be separated from the process of the arrival of Islam in Indonesia. The emergence of Islamic educational institutions in a community does not experience a vacuum, but is always dynamic, both in terms of function and learning. The presence of Islamic educational institutions has provided its own spectrum in opening insights and intellectual dynamics of Muslims. Islamic educational institutions have experienced a long history. The study concluded that Islamic educational institutions cannot be separated from the history of Islamic education. Islamic education in Indonesia is as old as the existence of Islam in the archipelago.
Development of the Education System Being Superior Madrasahs
Authors: Qomarudin Muslih , Puspitasari Tuti , Warisno Andi , Andari An An , Anshori M Afif
Published: February 2023

Development of a superior madrasah education system, including a graduate system, curriculum, education staff, facilities and infrastructure, lesson plan management, financing, and assessment. Building discipline and work ethic for madrasa teaching and education staff, building cooperation within the madrasah environment, and developing strategies for teaching and learning activities are all strategies for developing superior madrasas. The superior madrasa development strategy is supported by the fact that this madrasa pays attention to madrasa facilities and infrastructure, adequate learning resources, and teachers at MIN 4 Way Kanan Regency. The impediment to superior madrasa development strategy is the likelihood of it occurring in madrasas, namely inadequate facilities and infrastructure, more learning resources, and fewer teachers. Implications of research where the feel is the Madrasa itself because it can improve or discover how this madrasa can lead to a superior madrasa with various systems and strategies.
Management of Muhammadiyah Student’s Character Education
Authors: Rahayuningsih Puji , Sugianik Dwi , Warisno Andi , Andari An An , Anshori M Afif
Published: February 2023

The cadre system used at Aisyiah Bukit Kemuning Elementary School is described in this study, as is the implementation of Muhammadiyah cadre education at Aisyiah Bukit Kemuning Elementary School in building student’s morale. Researchers prioritized appreciation in this study, taking a qualitative approach based on phenomenological philosophy. From the researcher's perspective, qualitative methods seek to understand and interpret the meaning of human behavior interaction events in specific situations. This study, which employs a phenomenological approach, focuses on the phenomena of Muhammadiyah educational institutions that carry out Muhammadiyah cadre activities. The implementation program in this case is carried out at Aisyiah Bukit Kemuning Elementary School. According to the study's findings, the implementation of Muhammadiyah cadre education management at Aisyiah Bukit Kemuning Elementary School contributed to students' moral formation. The development of Muhammadiyah cadres in schools based on management principles is more efficient and effective in character formation, resulting in changes in the personalities of students who have participated in cadre training.
Calidad de vida en padres de hijos con discapacidad neuromusculoesquelética
Authors: López Rodríguez Diana Isabel , Pérez Pedraza Bárbara de los Ángeles , Valdés García Karla Patricia
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: conocer la calidad de vida de padres de hijos con discapacidad a través de un estudio de corte cuantitativo, exploratorio y transversal. Participantes: muestra de 137 padres, 74.5% mujeres y 22.5% hombres. Instrumento: Se utilizó la Escala de Calidad de Vida Familiar [ECVF] adaptada a población colombiana. Procesamiento de datos: se procesaron en programa estadístico SPSS-24, utilizando una distribución paramétrica (KS≥.05), con estadísticos descriptivos, análisis de correlación bivariada de Pearson, y modelo de regresión lineal múltiple por el método de pasos sucesivos para predecir el puntaje total de calidad de vida en función de las subescalas del ECVF. Resultados: la mayoría de las cuidadoras son mujeres, amas de casa, casadas. Es mayoritario el número de cuidadores con estudios superiores y que trabajan de tiempo completo. Los hijos de los participantes tienen en su mayoría discapacidad moderada. En cuanto a la Escala de Calidad de Vida Familiar, las subescalas se encuentran relacionadas en cuanto a la medición de una calidad de vida total para los padres de niños con discapacidad. Respecto al modelo de regresión lineal, la subescala “satisfacción respecto a la salud y seguridad”, ayuda a predecir una mayor calidad de vida para los padres.
The effects of trade liberalization on gender inequality in central america and its relevance to the textile and apparel industry and academy
Authors:   , Robertson Cydni M.
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 5/1/2023] Addressing gender (in)equality issues is a concern in Central America (CA) and a global challenge as measured by the Gender Inequality Index (GII). This study used the Heckscher-Ohlin (1933) theory of international trade and the Becker (2010) theory of economic discrimination to examine the impact of CAFTA-DR and TA trade on gender (in)equality in CA. To achieve this purpose, the study used a mixed-methods research design and had two specific questions: (a) RQ1 - "is the implementation of CAFTA-DR and growth in textile and clothing exports and imports associated with gender (in)equality in CAFTA-DR countries? and (b) RQ2 - "how do textile and apparel manufacturing industry women professionals and academics in El Salvador perceive the changes in gender (in)equality overtime due to CAFTA-DR's implementation". The findings suggests that the implementation of CAFTA-DR is associated with positive changes in four out of the five areas of gender (in)equality, including maternal mortality rate, adolescent birth rate, women in parliament seats, and labor force participation of women. The findings also suggest that changes in TA import and exports have had varying degrees of positive effect on gender (in)equality across CAFTA-DR countries and across all GII dimensions. Qualitatively, this study found that more women in El Salvador were pursued careers in the TA industry and collaborated with peers to learn the foundational techniques. CAFTA-DR. Overall, the findings supported Heckscher-Ohlin theory of international trade (1933) and Becker's (1957) economic discrimination theory which suggests, as countries develop and trade grows, gender disparities improve overtime. From the findings, scholars might assess how to improve the lives of women working in TA industries by researching how to close the gaps on (in)equality that impact their at-work and at-home lives as the industry continues to grow and develop.
Evaluation of harvest weed seed destruction in U.S. soybean and a survey of waterhemp populations response to dicamba and glufosinate
Authors:   , Winans Travis Robert
Published: February 2023

"One impact mill commonly used in commercial production in Australia is known as the Seed Terminator[trademark]. Independent research has shown the Seed Terminator[trademark] to be an effective HWSC tool in Australian grain production systems (Anonymous 2017). There is currently little to no published research on the ability of impact mills to destroy weed seed in United States soybean production systems. Therefore, the objectives of this component of this research are to: 1) quantify header loss of weed seed during soybean harvest, 2) determine the effectiveness of the Seed Terminator[trademark] at destroying weed seed and reducing weed seedbanks following soybean harvest, and 3) determine the effects of the Seed Terminator[trademark] on combine performance."--Justification, page 3.
Algorithm-free methods in fusion frame construction
Authors:   , Campbell Ian
Published: February 2023

Over the past decade numerous papers have been published with novel methods for proving the existence of and constructing fusion frames under various restrictions on the ambient Hilbert space, set of subspace dimensions, weights, and fusion frame operator eigenvalues. A unifying theme in many of these methods is their use of algorithmic, iterative, and recursive constructions -- features which tend to obscure underlying patterns and inhibit deeper analysis. In this thesis we analyze various algorithms prominent in fusion frame construction and, to the greatest extent practicable, derive closed-form expressions describing the frames and fusion frames they generate. Additionally, we thoroughly analyze the process of iterating Naimark and spatial complements and develop explicit, closed-form expressions which illuminate underlying structural relationships and provide a relatively convenient method for classifying and constructing arbitrary tight fusion frames.
Selling the experience: studying the impact of real-world experiential learning on sales knowledge
Authors:   , Cothren Courtney
Published: February 2023

University sales programs play an important role in preparing graduates to work in sales roles. Corporations benefit from hiring well-prepared graduates through savings of training time and costs. Experiential learning activities, including role-plays, are a common method used by sales educators to train students in the classroom. They have been shown to increase sales knowledge which directly impacts sales performance. However, there are a lack of studies that explore the value of experiential learning activities developed with corporate business partner involvement. This article describes a study that used an experimental design to test the difference in sales knowledge measured through pre and posttest surveys between students that completed a client-based role-play developed with a business partner as compared with those that completed the same role-play exercise without revealing the identity of the business partner. A review of experiential learning in sales education is followed by a description of the study design and role-play assignments along with analysis of the results and implications for future teaching and research.
The leaders' role in creating a positive culture in Islamic schools through the lens of invitational leadership: a case study
Authors:   , Elkishawi Diana Ali
Published: February 2023

Although private Islamic schools in United States have shared values that bring stakeholders together, a positive, inviting school culture does not always result from such common values and practices. Thus, examining a leader's style may aid in creating a unified, positive school culture using invitational leadership (Purkey et al., 2020) as the framework for this case study. A leader has a key role to play when it comes to establishing effective personnel, places, policies, programs, and processes that promote an inviting culture. Finally, Purkey and Novak's (2016) I-CORT: intentionality, care, optimism, respect, and trust are the foundational lens of understanding what values the leaders have adopted to create an inviting schools' culture. Using three sites, the researcher conducted twenty-five interviews and analyzed documents to answer the research questions. This study found the three schools to be unintentionally inviting overall, meaning that while the leaders' behaviors were often inviting others to engage in a positive school climate, the leaders were not intentionally creating this inviting stance. However, the findings show that the schools were unintentionally disinviting with respect to the domains of people and policies.
Teacher perception of the role and purpose of school resource officers: an examination of alignment with the SRO Triad
Authors:   , Garton Amy J.
Published: February 2023

School Resource Officers (SROs) are a growing profession in public schools across the country. With the increase of school shootings, the number of SROs has proliferated without federal or state standards or evaluations. This mixed methods study examines the perceptions of 135 teachers in 6 different regions of Missouri. Through surveys and 15 interviews, the perceptions teachers hold about the full-time SROs in the building are aligned with SRO Triad: educator, informal counselor, and law enforcement officer. Themes are compared to quantitative findings to provide triangulation and credible evidence. The characteristics of law enforcement officer were the most agreed upon by teachers. Great variation was seen in the behaviors reported in the realm of informal counselor, while the role of educator was found to be less agreed upon among teachers. Discussion of these findings include the extension of research from other stakeholder groups and the implications of the need for further research in this area. Recommendations for practice are presented including the use of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), standardizing SRO roles and responsibilities, and involving teachers in defining this role in the building.
"Resilience can look really messy:" an exploration of resilience among former foster youth
Authors:   , Kilgore LaShawnda M.
Published: February 2023

The present study explores the process of resilience for FFY. This exploration began with understanding how FFY define resilience, followed by how they engage in communicative processes to enact resilience. Using the phronetic iterative approach, the communication theory of resilience (CTR) (Buzzanell, 2010) was used to analyze data from qualitative interviews with FFY (n=14). Qualitative data analysis revealed that FFY defined resilience as survival (with subthemes of weathering the storm and rising again like the phoenix), as elastic, and as burdensome. Data analysis also revealed that FFY enact resilience by crafting normalcy (with subthemes of material possessions and maintaining family identity), communication networks (with subthemes of maintaining communication networks and creating new communication networks), foregrounding productive action while backgrounding negative feelings, and affirming identity anchors (with sub-themes of faith as an identity anchor and family heritage as an identity anchor). These findings advance resilience theorizing and foster care research by illuminating resilience processes used by FFY. Because of their unique experiences of early childhood trauma and the adverse outcomes associated with trauma, researchers must understand how to approach this research with a trauma-informed lens. This study paves the way for future research to continue to explore what resilience looks like among vulnerable populations.
Transport of invasive carp eggs and the effect of river turbulence
Authors:   , Li Geng
Published: February 2023

Bighead (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and grass (Ctenopharyngodon Idella) carps are important food sources in East Asian while considered an invasive species in North America due to their extremely large population and detrimental effects on native fishes. These species are mass spawners with similar reproductive characteristics. Suspension of eggs is believed to be necessary and predictive of successful recruitment. Dependence on suspension makes them incline to spawn in turbulent zones in rivers. Egg transport models have been used to understand egg drift process of invasive carps, among which FluEgg is widely used. FluEgg has been tested and applied in both rivers and laboratory experiments. However, the limitation of FluEgg is the uncertainty caused by its usage of one-dimensional (1-D) hydraulic data and parameterization of hydrodynamics in the complex large river. The objective of this research is to develop a multi-dimensional modeling framework to better reflect the inherent physics of eggs transport associated with river turbulence. First, we developed a fully three-dimensional (3-D) stochastic egg drift model, namely SDrift. Based on egg characteristics as a function of post-fertilization time and temperature, SDrift applies Markov-chain random walk to simulate stochastic movement of eggs, and can be coupled with prescribed hydrodynamics parametrization using field-survey data or simulated 3-D hydrodynamics. Second, the performance of SDrift was compared with FluEgg and evaluated using experimental and simulated results in two idealized channels and a representative reach of the Lower Missouri River. To apply SDrift on a large river, we processed a fully 3-D high-resolution (4x4x0.4 m, 49,053,215 cells) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling using Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) simulation in an 8-km long reach in the Lower Missouri River. The hydrodynamics model was calibrated and validated with field measurements of water-surface elevation and velocity under different discharge conditions. With the simulated hydrodynamics, SDrift was applied to elucidate egg transport processes in a highly engineered large river. The modeling results show the strong effects of localized turbulence on egg transport due to in-steam hydraulic structures and strong morphological variations in the river. Finally, a field survey of river turbulence was carried out at a representative sandbar island within a short spatial range in the Lower Missouri River. The measurement data allow evaluations of river turbulence structures and testing of the validity of classic turbulence parameterization. The measurements and evaluations provide information on the spatial scale of turbulence variabilities that may be important in ecologically relevant habitats.
Imagining Madam President: a critical typology of fictional female presidents and intersectional presidentiality in U.S. politainment
Authors:   , Paul William Bryan
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this dissertation is to systematically explore and illuminate fictional female presidential portrayals in politainment, or the symbiotic fusion of entertainment media and politics. Grounded in literatures on politainment, presidentiality, and the cultural barriers women face in politics, I examine and evaluate the fictional female presidential representations in 15 television series spanning the first two decades of the twenty-first century. To conduct my study of these artifacts, I adopt a pluralistic approach involving a hybrid of textual and critical analysis based on the cultural barriers that women face in politics. I explore how television series of the past two decades construct and portray women as president in a critical typology, tracing the trajectory of thematic and stylistic features in their production and presentation. Using an intersectional perspective on television representation, I also evaluate how fictional female presidential portrayals promote social progress for marginalized identities or further subvert them to hegemonic forces and patriarchal tradition.
Intervention and the politics of information: US attention to foreign civil conflict
Authors:   , Winjum David
Published: February 2023

To improve scholarly understanding of the domestic drivers of third-party intervention in civil conflicts, this dissertation borrows a theoretical framework from the policy process literature. Specifically, I explain intervention through the lens of punctuated equilibrium theory (PET), a view which holds that the attention of government policymakers to most issues is persistently low but can be suddenly and dramatically mobilized. To apply this theory to the study of intervention, I collect data on US congressional speeches and US news coverage of foreign civil conflicts, 1946-1999. I then use the data to investigate the correlates of senior policymaker attention and its effects on intervention decisions. With respect to correlates, I find clear evidence that PET mechanisms motivate US congressional attention to civil conflict: I find that the distribution of change in attention to civil conflicts is leptokurtic, that civil conflicts are more likely to reach the attention of US senior policymakers if they have already reached the attention of actors lower in the policy process, and that congressional attention is subject to crowding effects. With respect to effects on policy, my findings are mixed. Congressional attention increases the likelihood of intervention when I look at all interventions but, when looking at only major interventions and controlling for prior US intervention, I find congressional attention has no statistically significant effect.
The role of reck in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors:   , Dashek Ryan J.
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2023] Reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs, or RECK, is a cell surface-anchored glycoprotein and a critical regulator of the extracellular matrix (ECM). It has been examined extensively as an anti-metastatic peptide in the field of oncology, though its role in regulating inflammation and fibrogenesis has recently been postulated. As both inflammation and fibrosis are inherent in the pathology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), this dissertation explores the potential of RECK to serve as a hepatoprotective agent. NASH is a growing medical concern across the globe, for which there are currently no therapeutics available. Studies here show RECK is downregulated in the liver tissue of individuals with progressive NASH. Furthermore, utilizing transgenic rodent models, RECK is demonstrated to play a regulatory role in the development of NASH. Mechanistically, RECK may be exerting these effects through the ADAM10/ADAM17-AREG-EGFR signaling axis, as alterations in this pathway correlated with experimental manipulations of RECK. Furthermore, experiments here revealed hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to be downstream targets in this process, as exposure to exogenous AREG induced a pro-fibrotic activation phenotype in these cells. This dissertation thus demonstrates the importance of hepatocellular RECK and attempts to provide a mechanistic explanation for this novel finding. Thus, RECK is identified as a potential therapeutic target which may be utilized in the treatment of NASH.
Quantifying structural disorder in bulk hydrogenated graphene using x-ray and neutron diffraction
Authors:   , Daykin Alexander A.
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2023] Functionalization of graphene's two-dimensional sheets can be used to modify graphene's physical properties, such as changing its conductivity or inducing ferromagnetism, which is of broad interest for a myriad of applications. However, functionalized graphene nano-powders can exhibit considerable structural disorder that is often overlooked and it is difficult to quantitatively characterize. Hydrogenation of graphene is one such pathway to engineer graphene's properties that has shown remarkable modifications like p-orbital magnetism as well as converting graphene to an insulator, demonstrating a promise for both electronic and spintronic applications. While a plethora of studies have demonstrated various interesting property modifications upon synthesis of H-Gr, the fully hydrogenated graphane structure has yet to be determined experimentally. In this thesis, tools of x-ray and neutron diffraction were used in order to quantify the atomic structure of bulk H-Gr. The electrochemical synthesis of H-Gr was first pursued with the consideration of its accessbility for non-chemists. Attempts to electrochemically exfoliate and subsequently hydrogenate a graphite rod starting material using an ionic-liquid based electrolyte resulted in a highly heterogeneous structure revealed by x-ray diffraction suggesting that graphite domains were intercalated by electrolyte molecules with the relative degree of intercalation in graphite domains being proportional to the electrochemical treatment time. Attempts of electrochemical hydrogenation of a graphene nanopowder starting material with the ionic liquid electrolyte were shown to exfoliate and expand the interlayer distance between few-layer graphene, however no corroborating measurements were performed to elucidate this interlayer functionality. While there was no confirmation of the successful synthesis of H-Gr, future attempts could be guided by the work laid out here. The second part of this work examined the structure of H-Gr synthesized by Birch reduction of graphite-oxide. By combining x-ray diffraction (XRD) and neutron diffraction (ND), a method used to quantitatively characterize the H-Gr nano-structure is shown, including the determination of the H content. It's shown that a significant portion of the H-Gr contains highly disordered carbon while a small portion of the sample contains 2-3 layers of graphene with a significantly expanded interlayer spacing due to the H. Modeling the coherent diffuse scattering in XRD and ND, and comparing it with the incoherent ND, H to carbon ratio is determined and it is concluded that the structure is quite different from idealized two-dimensional sheets of H-Gr. The approach and methods used herein have broad relevance to many types of graphitic carbons.
The investigation of the self-assemblies of pyrogallol [4] arenes with large metal ions
Authors:   , Sikligar Kanishka
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2023] Supramolecular chemistry involves the study of the non-covalent interactions between molecules. Host molecules such as C-pyrogallol[4]arenes form complexes via these supramolecular interactions. Pyrogallol[4]arenes are known to interact with metal ions forming layered structures or metal-organic nanocapsules. Although interactions of these ligands with metal ions are widely known, their interactions with large metal ions are less explored. The current doctoral dissertation focuses on the interactions of pyrogallol[4]arene ligands with large metal ions. Interaction of C-ethylpyrogallol[4]arene with calcium ions led to the formation of two unprecedented dodecameric nanocapsules in the solid state with a large internal volume. Interaction of C-propylpyrogallol[4]arenes with barium ions led to the formation of 2D honeycomb-like networks from a dimeric nanocapsule of unusual M8L6 geometry. Additionally, upon introducing a defect in the form of a C-pentylpyrogallol[3]resorcin[1]arene, the assembly and nanocapsule had the ability to withstand a defect and maintain the structure. Furthermore, interactions of C-propylpyrogallol[4]arene with strontium ions led to the formation of a metal-organic nanotoroid with Sr10L8 geometry. To further explore the interaction of C- methylpyrogallol[4]arene with lanthanide ions such as praseodymium led to the formation of a 1D and 3D coordination networks of dimeric nanocapsules, and factors influencing the formation of these hierarchical self-assemblies are delineated. Besides, interaction of C-methyl and C-ethylpyrogallol[4]arene with cesium ions led to the formation of 2D coordination networks involving two supramolecular interactions. These studies have increased our understanding of the interaction of pyrogallol[4]arene with large metal ions and will further assist in creating functional materials and investigate applications, including pharmaceuticals.
Physical and sensory analysis of soy-based ice cream formulated with high oleic low linolenic soybean oil
Authors:   , Wang Yun
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2023] Due to increased health awareness of dietary fats, consumers are demanding products with healthier oils. A diet high in oleic acid, a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, has been linked to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease, obesity, and insulin resistance. Recently, there has been significant growth in the plant-based frozen dessert market. These products are typically made with palm or coconut oil. SOYLEICTM soybean oil is an emerging high oleic low linolenic (HOLL) soybean oil. In this study, the initial objective was to evaluate the performance of cold-pressed SOYLEICTM soybean oil as a healthy fat source in frozen dessert products. The effect of SOYLEICTM soybean oil on the physical and sensory properties and consumer acceptance of soy-based ice cream was compared to commercial vegetable oil, commercial high oleic (HO) soybean oil and heavy cream. SOYLEICTM soybean oil and commercial HO soybean oil resulted in an overrun of ice cream equivalent as cream, but higher than commercial vegetable oil. A descriptive sensory panel was carried out to determine the differences in sensory characteristics among the four soy-based ice creams. There was no significant difference in flavor attributes between ice creams prepared with SOYLEICTM soybean oil and cream, showing less painty odor as well as the aftertaste than commercial vegetable oil. However, ice cream formulated with SOYLEICTM soybean oil had lower mouth coating than heavy cream. The consumer acceptance study showed that ice cream containing SOYLEICTM soybean oil and cream received higher overall and flavor likings than those with commercial vegetable oil and commercial HO soybean oil. Proprietary SOYLEICTM soybean oil has potential to be used in formulating plant-based ice creams. In order to improve the texture properties of ice cream made from liquid oil, heat-set SPI gel particles were used to structure oil into a high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) gel and the HIPE containing high fraction of oil was used to formulate ice cream. The HIPE was successfully fabricated using SPI gel particles via a two-step method and exhibited a gellike texture. Stability test showed that the HIPE was stable against thermal treatment at 90 �C for 30 min, but prone to freeze-thawing treatment. Ice cream formulated with the HIPE showed better meltdown resistance compared to the ice creams prepared using liquid oil. This study provided an insight into a novel utilization of HIPE as a solid fat substitute in ice cream.
Fabrication of porous, skin-interfaced bioelectronic sensors
Authors:   , McCay Richard
Published: February 2023

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Soft on-skin electronics have broad applications in human healthcare, human- machine interface, robotics, and others. However, most current on-skin electronic devices are made of materials with limited gas permeability, which restrict perspiration evaporation, resulting in adverse physiological and psychological effects, limiting their long-term feasibility. In addition, the device fabrication process usually involves e-beam or photo-lithography, thin film deposition, etching, and/or other complicated procedures, which are costly and time-consuming, constraining their practical applications. Herein, we report a simple, general, and effective approach of making multifunctional on-skin electronics using porous materials with high-gas permeability, consisting of laser-patterned porous graphene as the sensing components, and sugar-templated silicone elastomer sponges as the substrates. The prototype device examples include electrophysiological sensors, hydration sensors, temperature sensors, and joule-heating elements, showing signal qualities comparable to conventional, rigid, gas-impermeable devices. Moreover, the devices exhibit high water-vapor permeability (approx 18 mgcm^-2 h^-1), approx 18 times higher than that of the silicone elastomers without pores, and also show high water-wicking rates after polydopamine treatment, up to 2 cm per minute which is comparable to that of cotton. The on-skin devices with such attributes could facilitate perspiration transport and evaporation, and minimize discomfort and inflammation risks, thereby improving their long-term feasibility.
Classroom relatedness of international college students and its impact on motivation from the framework of self-determination theory
Authors:   , Mohd Fozi Afiah
Published: February 2023

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] The presence of international students creates a more diverse learning environment in American college classrooms. However, these students often face challenges such as language difficulties that could limit meaningful interactions in the classroom followed by cultural differences that may influence motivation to learn. Therefore, given the lack of research on relatedness in the classroom especially among international students, the study aims to investigate relatedness inside the classroom among international students and how it impacts motivation using the framework of Self-Determination Theory (SDT). International (n = 44) and non-international undergraduate students (n = 50) completed an online survey that measured their basic psychological needs and motivation based on one specific course of their choice. Results showed that when considering autonomy and competence, relatedness support was found to be the most important for international students when predicting amotivation, identified motivation and intrinsic motivation. Additionally, classroom relatedness levels did not differ significantly between international and non-international students which suggested relatedness support was similarly important for both groups. Finally, autonomy and relatedness did not interact with student status which indicated that levels of classroom autonomy and relatedness do not depend on student status. Thus, relatedness support inside the classroom was important for all students but was especially important for international student population given their unique challenges.