bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF MARGINAL ADAPTATION AND REDUCTION OF WHITE CONTRAST ARTIFACT IN CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IMAGES OF TEETH WITH SEALING MATERIALS FOR FURCAL PERFORATION
Authors: Vaz Alline Soares , Ribeiro Gilzele Nascimento Melazo , Serpa Guiliano Caixeta , Oliveira Helder Fernandes de , Bernardes Cristiane Martins Rodrigues , Guedes Orlando Aguirre
Published: February 2025

The sealing material to be used in root perforations must offer adhesion to the dentin walls, be biologically tolerated by periapical tissues, easy to manipulate, radiopaque, and create an environment for tissue regeneration. The marginal adaptation and the reduction of the white contrast artifact in CBCT images of teeth with furcation area perforation sealers will be evaluated. 180 human lower molars will be divided into 9 groups according to the cement: G1- Portland Cement; G2- PBS HP White Cement; G3- MTA Ângelus® Gray Cement; G4- MTA Ângelus® White Cement; G5- Bio-C Repair Cement; G6- MTA Flow Cement; G7- BioDentine Cement; G8- Portland Cement, with calcium oxide added at a concentration of 5%; and G9- Portland Cement, with calcium oxide added at a concentration of 10%. Analysis of the marginal adaptation of the materials will use scanning electron microscopy examination, with a magnification of 100x. The area of the furcation perforation will be divided into four quadrants, constituting five categories. The different types of sealing material will be compared considering the marginal adaptation score, using Fisher's exact test, with a significance level of α = 5%. The CBCT images will be acquired using the Prexion tomograph. The measurements of the sealer material dimensions will be taken using a digital caliper with 0.01mm precision in the axial plane. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test will be applied for statistical analysis. The significance level will be α = 5%. The study will enable a greater understanding of the clinical management of root perforations.
SELF-PERCEPTION OF HEALTH OF ELDERLY RESIDENTS IN A LONG-TERM CARE FACILITY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF RIO VERDE - GO
Authors: Arantes Ana Paula Felix , Pires Fabiana Machado , Cyriaco Moreno Coelho , Costa Jamilly Moratelly Fontes , Silva Renato Canevari Dutra da , Oliveira Deise Aparecida de Almeida Pires
Published: February 2025

The early assessment of self-perceived health of the population in a long-term care institution for the elderly (ILPI) can be important in the overall observation of elderly health as well as in predicting the decline in functionality and even mortality. This study aims to verify the self-perception of health in institutionalized elderly individuals in the municipality of Rio Verde - Goiás. This is a cross-sectional analysis with a quantitative approach, in which institutionalized elderly individuals were investigated regarding their sociodemographic and economic aspects, general health, institutionalization, and self-perception of health. The study population consisted of all elderly residents in the ILPI during the data collection period, including those over 60 years old and excluding those who did not agree to participate in the study. Self-perception of health was assessed by the response to the question: "In general, how would you describe your health?" The response options were: "excellent," "good," "fair," "poor," or "very poor." It was found that the majority of the analyzed elderly have a self-perception classified as very good regarding their health (n=32; 42.7%).
ANALYSIS OF THE LEVELS OF FUNCTIONAL AUTONOMY OF INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY IN A MUNICIPALITY IN SOUTHEAST GOIÁS
Authors: Arantes Ana Paula Felix , Pires Fabiana Machado , Silva Ana Bárbara de Brito , Alves Thaí­s Almeida Muniz , Ferreira Camilly Enes , Silva Renato Canevari Dutra da , Oliveira Deise Aparecida de Almeida Pires
Published: February 2025

The assessment of the functional autonomy of the elderly aims to determine their ability to take care of themselves, perform basic and instrumental daily living activities, as well as analyze how they behave in the environment they live in. This study aims to analyze the levels of functional autonomy of elderly individuals in a long-term care institution (ILPI) in the municipality of Rio Verde - GO. The study consists of a cross-sectional quantitative analysis of secondary data, where sociodemographic and economic aspects, general health, institutionalization, and functional autonomy (Functional Autonomy Measurement System) were evaluated. Those elderly individuals who were over 60 years old and had been institutionalized for more than six months at the time of data collection were included in the study. Seventy-five elderly individuals met the inclusion criteria. The participants had an average age of 76.3±8.0 years, and the majority were male (n=54; 72.0%), between 60 and 79 years old (n=52; 69.3%), without a partner (n=57; 76.0%), without formal education (n=50; 64.0%), retired (n=68; 90.7%), using more than 5 medications (n=41; 54.7%), and having more than 3 comorbidities (n=63; 84.0%). It was found that 28.0% of the evaluated elderly presented as dependent, representing the lowest level of functional autonomy, indicating significant challenges for maintaining independence and quality of life, such as specific interventions like rehabilitation programs, exercises, and environments that encourage independence.
CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH METRICS OF UNIVERSITY WORKERS
Authors: Silva Pedro Henrique de Almeida , Mello Marcos Filipe da Silva , Cosme Ayse Suzel Martins , Lustosa Francisca Maria Michelle Oliveira , Soares Viviane
Published: February 2025

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide, and the university work environment, with its distinct demands, can contribute to factors that impair cardiovascular health. The objective of the study was to assess the cardiovascular health of university workers. This is a descriptive study conducted with 121 university employees. To assess cardiovascular health, it was done through the recommendation of the American Heart Association, which established seven metrics (diet, physical activity level (PAL), smoking, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, systemic blood pressure (SBP)), descriptive data. The results identified that, when analyzing the average values, the BMI, PA, diet, and SBP metrics were at intermediate levels. The metrics that had the highest percentage of poor CVS were NAF (30.6%), BMI (17.4%), and BP (23.1%). It is concluded that 25% of the employees had poor SCV. And the university work environment needs public policies for the promotion of cardiovascular health.
EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE TRAINING AND PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION ON CARDIORESPIRATORY, METABOLIC, IMMUNOLOGICAL, RENAL, AND BODY COMPOSITION VARIABLES IN THE ELDERLY
Authors: Reis Anamei Silva , Maia Meiry de Souza Moura , Vieira Rodolfo de Paula
Published: February 2025

The aging process is associated with impairments in strength, lean mass (LM), cardiovascular health (CVH), and cardiorespiratory health (CRH), due to metabolic, hemodynamic, and body composition changes in the elderly. The implications of these changes within the aging process can have their effects mitigated through nutritional intervention and physical training. To test this hypothesis, a randomized clinical trial was determined to be conducted at the Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGÉLICA), where elderly volunteers (60 to 85 years old) will be randomized (n = 40/group) into groups (1) Control (no protein supplementation and no physical training), group (2) Supplementation (only protein supplementation), group (3) Training (only physical training), and group (4) Protein supplementation + Physical training (physical training + protein supplementation). The supplementation protocol and the training protocol will be carried out for 3 months, and the evaluations will take place before the start of the protocol and after 3 months. Numerous cardiovascular, pulmonary, immunological, renal, muscular, and hematological parameters will be evaluated. The analyses will be expressed as mean and standard deviation. A significance level of p≤0.05 will be adopted for comparisons made in the paired T-test and for multiparametric analyses. It is expected that the effects of the resistance training protocol and protein supplementation, together or separately, will significantly improve the parameters described above, bringing positive results for the participants.
CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS IN OBESE AND NON-OBESE CHILDREN.
Authors: Mello Marcos Filipe da Silva , Silva Pedro Henrique de Almeida , Cosme Ayse Suzel Martins , Lustosa Francisca Maria Michele Oliveira , Mourão Vitoria Milhomem , Vieira Lorena Alves , Verde Raquel Ramos Villa , Soares Viviane
Published: February 2025

Childhood obesity is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic. One of the ways to assess childhood obesity is by calculating the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). It is known that with the advent of screen use and reduced physical activity, children tend to become obese and experience a decrease in their cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Therefore, the objective of this work is to associate abdominal fat with the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of schoolchildren. This is a cross-sectional observational study. Obese and non-obese children aged 4-13 years were included, with parental/guardian consent for participation in the study. Children with factors that prevent the performance of the cardiorespiratory fitness test (amputations, osteomyoarticular problems) were excluded. The children underwent the collection of anthropometric measurements (mass, height, BMI, and waist circumference) followed by the assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness through the six-minute walk/run test. The study included 110 children, 57 (51.8%) boys and 53 (48.2%) girls. There was no association between the classification of obesity and ACR (p=0.284). Non-obese children covered a greater distance (735.84±102.0m) compared to (685.61±112.7m) in the obese group (p= 0.016). Due to the aforementioned facts, it was possible to analyze that ACR is reduced in obese schoolchildren, making the monitoring of these groups extremely relevant for the improvement of pediatric health.
EVALUATION OF THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF THE ELDERLY REGARDING THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICAL EXERCISES
Authors: Gonçalves Fagner , Zaneti João Rodolfo Silva , Silva Guilherme Augusto Moreira , Filho Iporé José dos Santos , Oliveira Bruna Almeida Pires Franco de , Vitória Estela Urzêda , Xavier Larissa Rebeca Luz , Souza Mariana Gontijo de , Costa Matheus André Ribeiro da , Sudré Tamyris Mendes de Faria , Oliveira Rodrigo Franco de
Published: February 2025

According to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), in 2019 there were more than 32 million elderly Brazilians. With the growing increase in the elderly population and life expectancy, there is a great concern in maintaining independence. This independence largely depends on maintaining physical fitness, which is necessary for performing daily life activities. According to Pillat et al. (2019), physical exercises have an impact on the physical, mental, and social health of the elderly, serving as a source of increased quality of life and a reduction or regression of the process of worsening frailty. The objective of this study was to analyze the level of satisfaction of elderly individuals who practice physical exercises. This is an exploratory descriptive study, of a cross-sectional nature, where the sample consisted of 27 elderly individuals (9 male and 18 female), aged between 60 and 81 years. For data collection, a questionnaire on sociodemographic information and a Life Satisfaction Scale were used. Regarding the domains of current satisfaction with overall life among elderly individuals who engage in physical activity, we observed a predominance of the "very satisfied" item in relation to the domains of Physical Health, Mental Health, and Social Engagement, while in the Physical Capacity domain, there was a predominance of the "extremely satisfied" item. In this way, regarding the data obtained, we can infer that physical activity exerts a strong influence on the feelings of improvement in physical and mental health, as well as the increase in social interaction.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF CRACK PREPARATION AND CUSP COVERING ON THE BIOMECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MOLARS WITH VERTICAL CRACKS USING THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENTS
Authors: Sato Victória de Andrade Dallara , Carvalho Marco Aurélio de , Carvalho Priscilla Cardoso Lazari
Published: February 2025

The dental crack consists of an incomplete fracture, which involves enamel and dentin. This crack breaks the continuity of the dentin with unknown depth and direction, potentially progressing to a communication with the pulp and/or periodontal ligament, leading to a complete fracture. Thus, it is important to know the best treatment both to alleviate the painful symptoms and to prevent the progression of the crack. The objective of this study will be to evaluate the influence of crack preparation and cusp coverage on the stresses and deformations of molars using the three-dimensional finite element method. Four models will be created based on the combination of two study factors: 1- crack preparation: with and without preparation; 2- cusp covering: with and without covering. In a three-dimensional graphic design program (SolidWorks 2018), a prototype of a human lower molar will be constructed and restored using the 4 approaches. The four models will be exported to specific finite element analysis software (Ansys Workbench) and mechanical properties, meshing, boundary conditions, and loading will be added. An oblique static occlusal load (30º) of 131.9 N will be applied to the grinding cusp of the tooth, simulating the displacement to perform the chewing function. The analysis will be both quantitative and qualitative with the variables of maximum principal stress (tension), maximum shear stress, and maximum displacement for both the reconstructions and the dental remnant. It is expected that, at the end of the conducted study, the approach associated with the highest stress value will be the one without crack dissection and with cusp coverage.
GLYCEMIC BEHAVIOR ACUTE IN HEALTHY YOUNG PEOPLE AFTER CIRCUIT TRAINING SESSION: PROTOCOL STUDY
Authors: Alves Welyngton Fernando , Cunha Raphael Martins da
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The practice of strength training (ST) with physical exercises improves glycemic stability during exercise and reduces the duration and severity of post-exercise hypoglycemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Although the effects of strength training (ST) on health are vast in the literature, the acute and subacute response of plasma glucose with circuit strength training (CST) in young individuals is very scarce. Objective: Develop a study protocol on the evaluation of plasma glycemic behavior in healthy young adults before, during, and after circuit strength training with active rest. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The participants in this type of study will be selected based on certain variables of interest, informed about the study, and sign the ICF. The participants will be subjected to anamnesis, collection of anthropometric evaluation, in order to outline the physical-functional profile, will be taken to the weight room, where they will remain seated for 10 minutes for pre-protocol capillary blood collection, these will be randomized into 2 groups: one group will undergo a session with a control protocol without exercise and the other, a session with an experimental protocol with circuit strength training. Capillary blood glucose will be collected before, during, and after the protocols. Discussion: From this cross-sectional study protocol, it is expected to contribute additional information on the understanding of the acute and subacute effects of plasma glycemia with circuit strength training, with active rest, in young individuals, thus providing a safer TFC prescription.
Управление устойчивым функционированием предприятий пищевой промышленности в кризисных условиях
Authors: Малышев Денис Александрович , Макаров В. В. , Черкесова Э. Ю.
Published: February 2025

Актуализация проблем регулирования и формирования механизмов устойчивого функционирования предприятий пищевой и перерабатывающей промышленности АПК, механизмов антикризисного управления, а также реализация моделей прогнозирования вероятности потери устойчивости предприятий пищевой промышленности являются весьма современными и востребованными. При этом, несмотря на обилие экономической литературы, посвящённой экономическому анализу, антикризисному управлению, значительное количество предприятий ежегодно сталкиваются в своей деятельности с кризисом, низкой платежеспособностью, отсутствием перспектив развития, из-за того, что не могут адаптироваться к изменениям внешней среды, разработать стратегию развития, оценить возможные риски и нивелировать их.

Монография автора содержит новые предложения, уточняющие аспекты теории антикризисного менеджмента предприятий пищевой промышленности, в частности: методология антикризисного менеджмента с ориентацией на про- филактику кризиса и мониторинг его финансового состояния, что обеспечивает своевременность решений при разработке антикризисной программы, обеспечивающей устойчивое функционирование предприятия. Монография будет интересна руководителям и специалистам органов государственной власти, руководителям и финансовым аналитикам хозяйствующих субъектов пищевой промышленности, а также студентам, аспирантам, преподавателям и всем читателям, заинтересованным в дальнейшем исследовании проблем антикризисного управления.
Is embedded indexing a worthwhile pursuit for indexers? A qualitative survey of current practices and thoughts for the future
Authors: Ullstrom Stephen , Zafran Enid L.
Published: February 2025

Professional indexers have been able to embed index entries into book content for several decades, but it is still a niche practice. A qualitative survey was conducted in 2024 to explore why indexers are doing embedded indexing, what processes and software they are using for this work, and their thoughts about the future of embedding. Reflecting on the survey results and their own considerable experience with back-of-book indexing, the authors conclude, among other points, that the profitability of embedded indexing depends on familiarity and efficiency with the process and the software.
New Libraries of Nonlocal Thermodynamic Equilibrium Model Spectra for O and Early-B Stars
Authors: Hubeny Ivan , Bohlin Ralph , Gordon Karl , Fitzpatrick Edward
Published: February 2025

A new set of stellar spectral models is generated from nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium metal line-blanketed model atmospheres of T. Lanz & I. Hubeny. The new libraries present spectra in the effective temperature range from 15,000 to 55,000 K, for 8 metallicities, Z/Z
⊙ = 2, 1, 0.5, 0.2, 0.1, 0.0032, 0.02, and 0.01; all of them for three microturbulent velocities, v
turb = 2, 5, and 10 km s−1; between 200 Å and 32 μm, and with resolution R = 100,000. The wavelength range supports ground-based optical/NIR, Hubble Space Telescope UV to NIR, as well as JWST NIR/MIR wavelength ranges fully. All models have the same vacuum wavelength scale with 739,791 sample points.
A Centroiding Algorithm for Point-source Trails
Authors: Wu Linpeng , Zhang Qingfeng , Lainey Valéry , Cooper Nick , Rambaux Nicolas , Zhu Weiheng
Published: February 2025

Astrometric measurements are significantly challenged by the relative motion between the point source and the telescope, primarily due to the difficulty in accurately determining the position of the point source at the mid-exposure moment. Especially when the trail is irregular in shape or results from nonuniform relative motion, determining the centroid of such a trail becomes significantly more challenging. To address this issue, a new centroiding algorithm for point-source trails has been developed. This algorithm employs a piecewise linear model to approximate the irregular trajectory of a point source. An estimated intensity distribution of the trail is constructed by integrating the point-spread function with the approximated trajectory. The cost function is defined as the difference between the estimated and observed trail intensity distributions, with an added smoothness constraint term. Optimizing this cost function yields a refined trajectory fit. A coarse-to-fine iterative approach is used to progressively converge on the true trajectory of the point source, ultimately determining both the trail’s centroid and the trajectory of the point source. The efficacy of the algorithm is validated using synthetic images. Furthermore, this technique is applied to Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem images of several inner Saturnian satellites, successfully processing 267 astrometric observations. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm in real astronomical applications.
Habitability in 4D: Predicting the Climates of Earth Analogs across Rotation and Orbital Configurations
Authors: Adams Arthur D. , Colose Christopher , Merrelli Aronne , Turnbull Margaret , Kane Stephen R.
Published: February 2025

Earth-like planets in the circumstellar habitable zone (HZ) may have dramatically different climate outcomes depending on their spin–orbit parameters, altering their habitability for life as we know it. We present a suite of 93 ROCKE-3D general circulation models (GCMs) for planets with the same surface conditions and average annual insolation as Earth, but with a wide range of rotation periods, obliquities, orbital eccentricities, and longitudes of periastra. Our habitability metric f
HZ is calculated based on the temperature and precipitation in each model across grid cells over land. Latin hypercube sampling aids in sampling all four of the spin–orbit parameters with a computationally feasible number of GCM runs. Statistical emulation then allows us to model f
HZ as a smooth function with built-in estimates of statistical uncertainty. We fit our emulator to an initial set of 46 training runs, then test with an additional 46 runs at different spin–orbit values. Our emulator predicts the directly GCM-modeled habitability values for the test runs at the appropriate level of accuracy and precision. For orbital eccentricities up to 0.225, rotation period remains the primary driver of the fraction of land that remains above freezing and with precipitation above a threshold value. For rotation periods greater than ~20 days, habitability drops significantly (from ~70% to ~20%), driven primarily by cooler land temperatures. Obliquity is a significant secondary factor for rotation periods less than ~20 Earth days, with a factor of 2 impact on habitability that is maximized at intermediate obliquity.
Hidden in Plain Sight: Searching for Dark Companions to Bright Stars with the Large Binocular Telescope and SHARK-VIS
Authors: Rowan D. M. , Thompson T. A. , Kochanek C. S. , Li Causi G. , Roth J. , Vaccari P. , Pedichini F. , Piazzesi R. , Antoniucci S. , Testa V. , Johnson M. C. , Crass J. , Crepp J. R. , Bechter A. , Bechter E. B. , Sands B. L. , Harris R. J. , Fulton B. J.
Published: February 2025

We report the results from a pilot study to search for black holes and other dark companions in binary systems using direct imaging with SHARK-VIS and the iLocater pathfinder “Lili” on the Large Binocular Telescope. Starting from known single-lined spectroscopic binaries, we select systems with high mass functions that could host dark companions and whose spectroscopic orbits indicate a projected orbital separation ≥30 mas. For this first exploration, we selected four systems (HD 137909, HD 104438, HD 117044, and HD 176695). In each case, we identify a luminous companion and measure the flux ratio and angular separation. However, two of the systems (HD 104438 and HD 176695) are not consistent with simple binary systems and are most likely hierarchical triples. The observed companions rule out a massive compact object for HD 137909, HD 117044, and HD 176695. HD 104438 requires further study because the identified star cannot be responsible for the RV orbit and is likely a dwarf tertiary companion. The SHARK-VIS observation was taken near pericenter, and a second image near apocenter is needed to discriminate between a closely separated luminous secondary and a compact object. When a luminous companion is found, the combination of the RVs and the single SHARK-VIS observation strongly constrains the orbital inclination and the companion mass. Since a single SHARK-VIS observation has a typical on-source observing time of only ∼10 minutes, this a promising method to efficiently identify non-interacting compact object candidates.
Swift-XRT and NuSTAR Monitoring of Obscuration Variability in Mrk 477
Authors: Torres-Albà N. , Hu Z. , Cox I. , Marchesi S. , Ajello M. , Pizzetti A. , Pal I. , Silver R. , Zhao X.
Published: February 2025

We present the analysis of 15 X-ray observations of Mrk 477, a nearby Seyfert 2 active galactic nucleus, with the objective to monitor its obscuring column density variability. The full data set consists of five archival observations, split into two XMM-Newton, two NuSTAR and one Chandra observation, plus two dedicated monitoring campaigns. The monitoring campaigns were performed with Swift-XRT and NuSTAR, containing five observations each. We performed a simultaneous analysis using self-consistent torus models, deriving geometric properties of the torus as well as the obscuration along the line of sight. Mrk 477 is best modeled with a torus with a large covering factor yet low column density (on average). Its line-of-sight column density oscillates between 1.5 and 7 × 1023 cm−2. Mrk 477 presents frequent obscuring column density variability, on timescales as short as ∼2 weeks. The probability of drawing a pair of obscuration-variable observations for Mrk 477 when having two, three, and four observations is 40%, 78%, and 95%, respectively. Adding the results of this work to those of another 26 sources, we find a trend of increasing obscuration variability with time (from ∼20% at Δt < 10 days, to ∼60%–70% at timescales larger than 5 yr). We discuss whether this is compatible with the majority of obscuration variability coming from broad-line region clouds.
Probing 3D Magnetic Fields Using Starlight Polarization and Grain Alignment Theory
Authors: Truong Bao , Hoang Thiem
Published: February 2025

Polarization of starlight induced by dust grains aligned with the magnetic field (hereafter B-field) is widely used to measure the 2D B-fields projected onto the plane-of-sky. Here, we introduce a new method to infer 3D B-fields using starlight polarization. We show that the inclination angle or line-of-sight component of B-fields can be constrained by the starlight polarization efficiency from observations, the alignment degree provided by the magnetically enhanced radiative torque (MRAT) alignment theory, and the effect of B-field tangling. We first perform synthetic observations of starlight polarization of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of a filamentary cloud with our updated POLARIS code incorporating the modern MRAT theory. We test the new technique with synthetic observations and find that the B-field inclination angles can be accurately determined by the synthetic starlight polarization efficiency once the effects of grain alignment, dust properties, and B-field fluctuations are well characterized. The technique can provide an accurate constraint on B-field inclination angles using optical polarization in low-density regions A
V < 3 with efficient MRAT alignment, whereas the technique can infer further to high-density regions with significant alignment loss at A
V ∼ 8–30 by using near-infrared polarization. Our new technique unlocks the full potential of tracing 3D B-fields and constraining dust properties and grain alignment physics on multiple scales of the diffuse interstellar medium and star-forming regions using multiwavelength starlight polarization observations.
Fading Light, Fierce Winds: JWST Snapshot of a Sub-Eddington Quasar at Cosmic Dawn
Authors: Lyu 吕 Jianwei 建伟 , Rieke George H. , Stone Meredith , Morrison Jane , Alberts Stacey , Jin Xiangyu , Zhu Yongda , Liu 刘 Weizhe 伟哲 , Yang Jinyi
Published: February 2025

The majority of most luminous quasars during the epoch of reionization accrete near or above the Eddington limit, marking the vigorous growth of primitive supermassive black holes (SMBHs). However, their subsequent evolution and environmental impact remain poorly characterized. We present JWST/NIRSpec prism integral field unit observations of HSC J2239+0207, a low-luminosity quasar at z ∼ 6.25 likely in a late stage of mass assembly with an overmassive SMBH relative to its host galaxy. Using Hβ and Hα broad emission lines, we estimate an SMBH mass M
BH ∼ 3 × 108
M
⊙ and confirm its sub-Eddington accretion at λ
Edd ∼ 0.4. Strong Fe ii emission and a proximity zone of typical size suggest a metal-rich, highly evolved system. In the far-UV, this quasar presents strong broad absorption line features, indicative of high-velocity winds (ν ∼ 104 km s−1). Meanwhile, minimal dust reddening is inferred from the quasar continuum and broad-line Balmer decrement, suggesting little dust along the polar direction. Most interestingly, we identify a gas companion ∼5 kpc from the quasar with a high [O iii]/Hβ ratio (≳10), likely representing outflowing gas blown away by active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. These results highlight HSC J2239+0207 as a likely fading quasar in transition, providing rare insights into SMBH evolution, AGN feedback, and AGN–galaxy interactions in the early Universe.
Revision of the Afrotropical spider fly genus Africaterphis Schlinger, 1968 (Diptera, Acroceridae) with the description of a new species
Authors: Midgley John M. , Theron Genevieve L.
Published: February 2025

The Afrotropical spider fly genus Africaterphis Schlinger, 1968 (Acroceridae, Philopotinae) is revised, including the description of Africaterphis stefanfoordisp. nov., bringing the total number of species in the genus to three.
Vastnema crassicutaneum gen. et sp. nov. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida, Dorylaimidae), an interesting new taxon from natural areas of Vietnam
Authors: Vu Tam T. T. , Abolafia Joaquín , Nguyen Anh D. , Le Thi Mai Linh , Peña-Santiago Reyes
Published: February 2025

A new dorylaimid taxon, Vastnema crassicutaneum gen. et sp. nov., collected in natural habitats of Vietnam, is characterized, including morphological description, morphometrics, SEM observations, and molecular (18S-, 28S-rDNA) analyses. Vastnema gen. nov. is distinguished and separated from its relatives by a combination of key traits: large size (body 4.79–6.35 mm long), lip region tapering and continuous with the adjoining body, very short neck (b-ratio 6.3–8.7), presence of a peculiar uterine differentiation, pre-equatorial (V = 38–44) vulva, and 45–58 stomata-like ventromedian supplements. The new species is characterized by its three-layered cuticle, 12.5–15.5 µm thick at the anterior region; lip region 26–31 µm wide; odontostyle 49–60 µm long, or 1.8–2.0 times the lip region diameter; neck 627–888 µm long; pharyngeal expansion occupying 46–49% of the total neck length; uterus complex and 571–804 µm, or 3.2–4.3 body diameters long; longitudinal vulva; tail short and rounded in both sexes (39–56 µm, c = 98–140, c’ = 0.5–0.7); and spicules 138–160 µm long. Both morphological and molecular data support a close relationship of the new taxon with some Labronematinae representatives but also reveal that internal and external relationships of Dorylaimidae might be more complex than traditionally assumed.
Impact de la guerre contre le terrorisme international sur le concept de souveraineté
Authors: Ndemezogho Nguema Serge Darlin
Published: February 2025

La guerre contre le terrorisme international n’a apparemment pas fini d’interroger les concepts juridiques. Face à la montée en puissance des groupes terroristes indépendants situés sur le territoire de certains États considérés comme faibles ou défaillants, les États victimes d’actes terroristes réagissent de plus en plus de manière unilatérale par l’utilisation de la force armée. Cette situation participe à la perturbation du concept de souveraineté reconnu à chaque entité étatique et cela d’autant plus que le recours à la force armée des États victimes intervient sur le territoire d’un État qui n’est pas responsable des agissements des entités terroristes. Ainsi, la perturbation du concept de souveraineté illustre clairement le fait que les États impliqués dans la guerre contre le terrorisme international ne partagent pas la même définition ou conception de la souveraineté. En réalité, chaque partie a tout intérêt à défendre sa position. Celle des États forts permet notamment de justifier le recours à la force armée sur un territoire étranger contre des groupes terroristes. En revanche, la conception des États fragiles ou défaillants permet de considérer toute intervention unilatérale d’un État étranger visant des entités terroristes comme étant contraire au droit international.
Au milieu d’une nature intacte. La représentation des paysages du Venezuela dans le récit de voyage et les œuvres du peintre Ferdinand Bellermann (1842-1845)
Authors: Magnin Lucile
Published: February 2025

Cet article propose un aperçu de la vie et de l’œuvre du peintre voyageur Ferdinand Bellermann (1814-1889), et en particulier de son séjour de trois ans au Venezuela, à travers le témoignage qu’il a laissé de cette aventure : son récit de voyage, traduit en espagnol et publié à Caracas en 2007, et ses dessins et peintures de la nature tropicale, conservés pour la plupart au Kupferstichkabinett de Berlin. L’étude de son récit et de ses productions artistiques nous montre que l’émerveillement demeure au cœur de son expérience de voyageur, tout comme l’observation minutieuse des plantes. Le bonheur de découvrir de nouveaux paysages s’exprime souvent à travers l’analogie dans le discours, de même que les paysages tropicaux vierges de toute représentation picturale sont en fait souvent perçus par l’artiste à travers les schèmes de la peinture classique européenne.
Les trois corps du psoriasis
Authors: Halloy Arnaud
Published: February 2025

Cet article explore les apprentissages sensibles de personnes atteintes de psoriasis, une maladie inflammatoire chronique de la peau et/ou des articulations. Deux questions sont au cœur de cette recherche : Qu’apprennent les personnes de la manière dont la maladie les affecte ? Et que font-elles de ce que la maladie leur fait ? Parmi les principaux résultats, notre enquête a mis en évidence trois modes de perception du corps : le corps-Objet, le corps-Sujet et le corps-Ressource. Chacun de ces corps correspond à une « sensibilité à » (Récopé et al. 2013), un registre de sensibilité caractérisé par un régime attentionnel, des modalités d’action et des enjeux qui lui est propre. Le « corps-Objet » se focalise sur les symptômes qui sont objectivement décrits et que la personne cherche à éliminer, le « corps-Sujet » appréhende le corps et ses symptômes à partir des effets qu’ils produisent sur le vécu de la maladie tandis que le « corps-Ressource » fait du corps une ressource potentielle pour divers apprentissages sensibles relatifs à l’anticipation de la progression de la maladie ainsi qu’à une meilleure gestion de la vie émotionnelle avec la maladie.
« Je vous laisse vous habiller. Habillez-vous ! »
Authors: Sterie Anca-Cristina , Horlacher Anne-Sylvie , Bovey Fanny
Published: February 2025

Plus des deux tiers des personnes résidant dans des établissements médico-sociaux en Suisse vivent avec des troubles neurocognitifs. Les symptômes associés à ce diagnostic renforcent leur dépendance dans les activités de la vie quotidienne et interfèrent dans la communication avec autrui. Cet article se focalise sur les ressources utilisées par des assistantes en soins communautaires lors de l’habillage intime pour permettre à la personne résidente de participer au mieux à cette activité, dans une optique de care. De manière exploratoire, il analyse l’activité de mise du soutien-gorge sur la base de trois séquences filmées. Dans une approche interactionniste et à l’aide des outils de l’analyse conversationnelle multimodale, l’article met en lumière les ressources verbales et non verbales que les assistantes de santé utilisent, la mobilisation qu’elles font des objets, des corps et de l’espace, ainsi que l’importance du bavardage, dans l’optique d’arriver à une compréhension partagée de la situation et de permettre un accomplissement conjoint de l’activité.
Des enquêtes impossibles à clore
Authors: Haeringer Anne-Sophie
Published: February 2025

Cet article repose sur une enquête ethnographique menée au sein d’une unité de soins palliatifs. Il s’intéresse à la manière dont les soignants s’engagent dans des enquêtes pour entendre, reconnaître et traiter la douleur de leurs patients. Le problème est d’autant plus délicat qu’il s’agit non pas seulement de savoir comment soulager les patients de leurs douleurs, mais de déterminer pour eux ce qu’il en est de ces douleurs. Ces patients ne sont en effet bien souvent pas ou plus capables d’exprimer leur douleur à la première personne. En outre, la frontière entre la vie et la mort est à ce point ténue que traiter la douleur peut aussi bien accélérer la fin de vie qu’au contraire la faire durer. En recourant à la forme du récit, l’article se situe dans la zone trouble où les choses se font. Il rend compte des ambivalences qui traversent ces situations sans chercher à les trancher ou à les résoudre.
L’interaction comme problème et solution en EMS psychogériatrique
Authors: Malbois Fabienne
Published: February 2025

Partant de l’idée que la « logique de care » est sensible au contexte, cet article donne une consistance empirique à l’attitude expérimentale qui est le propre des approches centrées sur la personne dans les établissements médico-sociaux (EMS) psychogériatriques. Il commence par décrire le style de care mis en œuvre dans le cas étudié, la façon dont celui-ci aménage une place au sujet sentant notamment. Il s’attache ensuite à caractériser les trois formes d’enquête professionnelle auxquelles ouvre ce style de care, et leurs épreuves spécifiques. Une attention particulière est accordée aux différentes voies par lesquelles les expériences problématiques des résident·es sont transformées (la manipulation, l’ajustement, la fabrication), aux rôles que joue l’observation – et donc l’œil – dans la conduite de ces processus, ainsi qu’aux différents arts de faire, ou savoirs pratiques, qui y sont engagés.
Observer le corps et catégoriser les signes : doutes et (in-)certitudes épistémiques dans l’art médical de l’Antiquité à la Renaissance
Authors: Marcucci Laetitia
Published: February 2025

Physiognomonie et médecine sont historiquement liés et reposent sur une sémiologie visant l’opérativité des savoirs. Leur intrication y compris dans le rapport au probable et à l’incertain n’a pas suffisamment été soulignée. Or, le sêméion occupe une place centrale dans les doutes épistémiques qui les traversent de l’Antiquité à la Renaissance. Comment construisent-elles un modèle de connaissance et un art du jugement en contexte d’incertitude ? Quelle est la part dévolue aux catégorisations et à l’in-certain dans le regard porté sur les corps ? Comment les discours de positivité s’emparent-ils d’une connaissance incertaine ? L’enquête s’appuiera sur une méthode philosophique, historique et conceptuelle et un corpus de textes physiognomoniques et médicaux. Entre continuités, ruptures et chevauchements de paradigmes, on éclairera les vertus épistémiques de l’incertain dans l’art médical.
Métaphores de la connaissance incertaine : penser avec Blumenberg
Authors: Brossier Madeleine
Published: February 2025

Cet article se propose de prolonger deux études métaphorologiques qui se déploient dans l’œuvre de Hans Blumenberg, celle de la connaissance comme terre ferme, et celle de la lumière comme vérité, en les interrogeant par leur envers : il s’agira de les interpréter à l’aune des pensées sceptiques. La métaphore du « fond » de la connaissance, d’une part, remonte à l’Antiquité et se cristallise chez Descartes. Si les scepticismes que l’on qualifiera de « transitoires » ne remettent pas en cause le primat établi par les philosophies dogmatiques du certain sur l’incertain, c’est-à-dire du fixe sur le mouvant, d’autres voies sceptiques ont au contraire permis de souligner les vertus du renoncement à la quête du socle. La métaphore de la lumière comme vérité, d’autre part, traverse elle aussi l’histoire de la philosophie. Cette fois-ci, il s’agira de distinguer le scepticisme radical qui se nourrit d’une obscurité assumée d’un scepticisme poétique, dont Philippe Jaccottet fournira l’exemple, et qui se métaphorise par la lueur.
Formes et occurrences de l’incertitude en psychanalyse
Authors: David-Ménard Monique
Published: February 2025

Je distingue successivement trois modes d’incertitude en psychanalyse. L’incertitude caractérise d’abord la progressive connaissance d’un cas qui se présente au connaître comme une énigme et qu’il s’agit de construire comme singulier. L’incertitude de la connaissance tient ensuite à l’alliance très particulière du savoir et du non savoir dans la pratique et la théorie de la psychanalyse. Elle tient enfin à la mise au point d’une nouvelle définition du champ même auquel la psychanalyse a affaire : un certain régime des actes dans l’existence humaine qui s’annonce dans le phénomène clinique de la répétition et qui caractérise le pulsionnel comme un « morceau d’activité » à l’œuvre dans la transposition des impasses de la vie pulsionnelle, c’est-à-dire des symptômes par transposition dans le site construit par la cure.
Transoceanic migration linkages: human mobility’s past and present between the Canary Islands and Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Domínguez Mujica Josefina , Parreño Castellano Juan Manuel , Moreno Medina Claudio
Published: February 2025

The intensity of migratory processes has been a characteristic common to many of the Earth's island spaces which, throughout history, have been projected outwards thanks to the special connectivity that originated the voyages of colonization and, later, the processes of globalization of capitalism, among which tourist activity has had a special impact. All this has forged close relations between the island populations and other peoples in distant places, as can be seen in the case of the Canary Islands, an archipelago that has maintained a clear Atlantic vocation throughout its history.Thus, one of the chapters of the history of this archipelago that has aroused the most attention from geographers, anthropologists, sociologists, and historians is that of the migration attraction towards Latin America and the Caribbean countries, the main destination of emigrants from the Canary Archipelago in the colonial period and during stages of economic crisis in Spain from the 19th to the 21st centuries. That lure has forged peculiar relationships that, conversely, have contributed to a significant immigration from those regions during the phases of economic prosperity of the Archipelago, at the beginning of the 21st century, and some years before and after the pandemic. This has turned the Canary Islands into a meeting point between both Atlantic shores.
Mesurer les effets des contextes locaux sur la santé fonctionnelle des 60-79 ans aux Antilles et à La Réunion
Authors: Crouzet Maude
Published: February 2025

Cet article explore l'impact du contexte de vie sur la santé et l'autonomie des personnes âgées en Guadeloupe, Martinique et à La Réunion, et examine comment les caractéristiques individuelles et contextuelles, telles que le statut socio-économique et le contexte de résidence, interagissent pour influencer le risque de perte d'autonomie. Nous utilisons deux indicateurs pour caractériser le contexte socio-économique local à l’échelle de l’IRIS : l'indice de défavorisation (Fdep) et une typologie ad hoc des IRIS. Les résultats montrent que le statut socio-économique individuel est un déterminant majeur des risques de restrictions d'activité chez les personnes âgées, mais que le contexte local a également un rôle à jouer. L'indice de défavorisation est significativement lié au risque de restrictions d'activité, tandis que la typologie des IRIS a un effet plus limité une fois standardisée sur le statut social individuel. Nos résultats soulignent l'importance de prendre en compte à la fois les caractéristiques individuelles et contextuelles pour comprendre les risques de perte d'autonomie chez les personnes âgées dans les DROM, et mettent en évidence le besoin d'accéder à des données plus complètes pour approfondir la compréhension de l'effet de l'environnement local sur la santé des populations vieillissantes dans ces territoires.
« A good sign of climate change » : quand le rapport aux dynamiques environnementales conditionne la perception des effets du changement climatique. Le cas de Ma’uke et Manihiki (îles Cook)
Authors: Glory David
Published: February 2025

À Ma’uke et Manihiki, (îles Cook – Pacifique sud), il est une représentation du changement climatique qui soulève de nombreuses interrogations : celle qui consiste à voir des effets positifs du changement climatique là où le discours général tend à ne mettre en avant que des effets particulièrement néfastes. Le traitement de la question de la positivité des effets du changement climatique souffre d’un certain paradoxe : celui d’être peu audible dans les discours officiels alors même qu’il semble avoir une place réelle dans des réalités de terrain observées. Dans cet article, nous allons aborder cette question en formulant l’hypothèse suivante : l’existence de ce discours mélioratif sur le changement climatique trouve son origine dans le rapport que les insulaires entretiennent avec leur environnement, et ce, bien avant l’émergence du changement climatique. Pour cela, les représentations insulaires seront mises en perspective avec celles des acteurs environnementaux. Nous verrons alors que deux définitions distinctes du concept d’environnement se dessinent, à travers les notions de nature-environnante et d’environnement originel. À partir de ces deux conceptions, deux rapports à l’environnement seront décrits, correspondant à deux manières d’interpréter la dynamique environnementale. Le premier rapport, dit conservationniste, associé à la conception des acteurs environnementaux, envisage tout changement comme une altération d’un équilibre préexistant à la présence humaine. Le second rapport, dit pragmatique, associé à la conception des insulaires, considère le changement comme une nécessité qui permet d’améliorer la condition héritée des générations précédentes. Nous conclurons que le discours positivant certains effets du changement climatique s’intègre à une conception locale envisageant chaque changement observé non pas comme devant être rejeté par principe, mais au contraire, comme étant un indice potentiel d’amélioration de son environnement.
Breaking Barriers
Authors: Kaliraman Sakshi , Dhand Shivani
Published: February 2025

Wealth inequality, thus, is very much deep-rooted as well as an elite matter for the Black community in the United States. It can be traced back through historical injustices and is compounded through systemic barriers. This chapter looks at wealth inequality among Black Americans in its diverse nuances, including the legacy of slavery, discriminatory housing policies such as redlining, and the economic effects of mass incarceration. History and structural factors have conspired to inhibit wealth and economic stability for generations among Black households. It encourages economic empowerment activities like homeownership, Black entrepreneurship, and financial literacy-building. Through community-based initiatives, the chapter explains critical vehicles for promoting economic resiliency and systemic change. It emphasizes the multigenerational building of wealth while showing the need for systemic policy reforms to make a fairer society. Interventions would include both historical wrongs and the current structural barriers to wealth inequality.