bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Perceived Economic Mobility on Decision-Making and Behavior: A Succinct Review and Future Research Directions
Authors: Kim Hyeongmin (Christian)
Published: March 2022

Research in marketing and psychology has shown that individual perception of economic mobility varies widely even in a single society and systematically influences decision-making and behavior across different domains. The objective of this paper is to introduce this important construct to researchers in other fields so that they can utilize and further develop it in future research. In particular, this paper highlights differences between perceived economic mobility and observed economic mobility and provides a critical and succinct review of the processes by which perceived economic mobility influences decision-making and behavior. Various future research directions are discussed as well.
Efektivitas Pemberian Intervensi ultrasound Dan Contract Relax Stretching Dalam Manajemen mengelola aktivitas fungsional leher karena Trigger Points pada Kondisi Myofascial Otot Upper Trapezius
Authors: Ismaningsih Ismaningsih , Muawanah Siti , Fitria Santi
Published: March 2022

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) adalah sindrom lokal yang ditandai dengan nyeri,ketegangan otot,sensitivitas berlebihan dan keterbatasan ROM karena trigger points.MPS merupakan penyebab kecacatan sistem muskuloskeletal seperti yang terjadi pada 37% pria dan 65% wanita pada usia 30-60 tahun.keluhan paling umum yaitu MPS.otot trapezius ditetapkan sebagai otot postural dan sangat rentan terhadap aktivitas yang berlebihan.rasa sakitnya bahkan dapat dirasakan selama istirahat dan diperburuk oleh aktivitas.hasil studi terbaru berhipotesis bahwa trapezitis merupakan patogenesis hasil dari overloading dan cidera jaringan otot,yang menyebabkan pemendekan serat otot lokal,hal ini mengakibatkan area jaringan lunak tertekan menerima lebih sedikit oksigen,glukosa,nutrisi,dan mengakumulasi produksi limbah metabolisme tingkat tinggi,yang selanjutnya hasil dari peristiwa ini akan mengakibatkan perubahan jaringan otot,nyeri,serta pengembangan terjadinya trigger point.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efektivitas pemberian intervensi ultrasound,latihan dan contra rillex stretching sebagai pendekatan fisioterapi dalam manajemen penurunan nyeri pada kondisi myalgia trapezius. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian  quasi  experiment dengan desain penelitian pre and post test without control group design. pada kelompok perlakuan ini menggunakan  uji Normalitas berdasarkan uji shapiro wilk test pada semua variabel pre test dan post test. pada kelompok data didapatkan nilai rerata sebelum 56.66±5.875 dan nilai P=0.002 sedangkan nilai rerata sesudah 14.66±11.872 dan didapatkan nilai P= 0,009,maka P< 0,05 maka data disimpulkan berdistribusi tidak normal,sehingga pada kelompok perlakuan ini menggunakan  uji wilcoxon. hasil perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah intervesi pada Kelompok perlakuan dengan nilai yang signifikan P = 0,001 (P<0.05) dengan nilai rerata 42.00±10.65.yang berarti intervensi perlakuan ultrasound dan contract relax stretching signifikan dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fungsional leher pada myofascial otot upper trapezius.
Strategic Direction of Information Technology on Sustainable Supply Chain Practices: Exploratory Case Study on Fashion Industry in Malaysia
Authors: Jasber Kaur  , Azwani Azmi  , Rogayah Abdul Majid
Published: March 2022

A growing body of research emphasises sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) in contrary with limited studies exploring role of information technology (IT) in sustainable supply chain activities. Moreover, little is known on SSCM implementation in niche industries like fashion/textile-apparel industry. As most studies concentrated on investigating IT impact on business performance and profitability in supply chain, integrating sustainable practice with IT is still scarce. The aim of this study is to identify current SSCM practices with the focus on IT role in supporting SSCM in fashion industry. For that purpose, this study applies the sustainable key practices framework discussed in the literature of SSCM and adopted previous study framework that differentiates four IT roles for sustainability. Using the proposed frameworks, interviews were conducted with five fashion practitioners that are currently engaged with SSCM practices. The findings from this study highlight the existence of SSCM practices in fashion industry. Finally, this finding enhances the current understanding of how IT can support SSCM practices and helps future research in exploring the IT implementation, challenges and benefit towards SSCM.
CSR Practices Disclosure’s Impact on Corporate Financial Performance and Market Performance: Evidence of Malaysian Public Listed Companies
Authors: Vani Tanggamani  , Azlan Amran  , T. Ramayah
Published: March 2022

Disclosure of CSR practices in public listed companies in Malaysia was made compulsory recently. Hence, its contribution to the firm performance based on financial and market indicators has often been questioned. This study explores using partial least square – structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), the predictive accuracy and relevancy of CSR practices disclosure on corporate financial performance given by ROA and market performance given by Tobin’s Q. Using a sample size of 200 randomly selected public listed firms in Malaysia, the effect of CSR practices on corporate financial performance based on an accounting and market measures was determined. Findings of this study showed that CSR practices have a significant and positive impact on ROA and Tobin’s Q. Reputation mediates the relationship between CSR practices and ROA but not with Tobin’s Q. CSR practices and reputation could explain 52.9% of variance in ROA but only 6.3% of variance in Tobin’s Q. CSR practices have a large effect size on reputation and ROA but negligible effect size on Tobin’s Q. Thus, these findings imply that CSR practices can relate significantly to accounting-based but not market-based financial performance. Further studies to explore internal and external factors such as third-party assurance, industry type and other environmental factors as well as extending the timeline might provide more insights to understand how CSR practices can influence financial performance.
PENGARUH WAKTU PIROLISIS SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU TERHADAP HASIL ASAP CAIR
Authors: Handayani Ita , Sa’diyah Khalimatus
Published: March 2022

Penggunaan kayu di Indonesia sebagai bahan baku utama industri mebel sangat besar, sehingga limbah yang  dihasilkan seperti serbuk dan potongan-potongan kecil kayu juga banyak. Serbuk gergaji kayu jati digunakan  dalam penelitian karena limbah industri mebel ini belum banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Salah satu  teknologi aplikatif yang dikembangkan untuk pemanfaatan limbah serbuk gergaji kayu adalah mengolahnya  menjadi asap cair. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian pembuatan asap cair ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh  variabel waktu pirolisis terhadap hasil asap cair. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan percobaan dengan variasi waktu  pemanasan pirolisis dan jenis kayu menjadi asap cair. Variasi waktu yang digunakan adalah 30, 45, 60, 75, dan  90 menit dengan jenis kayu yang digunakan adalah campuran kayu jati dan kayu mahoni bermassa 100 gram dengan rasio massa 50:50. Proses pirolisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan tungku atau kompor dengan setting pemanasan maksimum di kompor. Hasil asap cair dilakukan analisis terhadap volume asap cair, densitas,  %yield, nilai pH dan warna yang dihasilkan. Dalam penelitian ini volume asap cair terbesar yang dihasilkan  selama 90 menit memiliki densitas sebesar 0,48 g/cm3 dan %yield sebesar 58%. Nilai pH yang dihasilkan yaitu 5 dan produk asap cair berwarna hitam pekat. Hasil asap cair pada penelitian termasuk dalam golongan grade 3. Semakin lama waktu proses pirolisis maka semakin banyak volume asap cair yang dihasilkan.
Analisis Kualitas Suara Dalam Komunikasi Antar IP Phone Pada Jaringan Intranet di Politeknik Negeri Malang
Authors: Krisna Arlisa , Atmadja Martono Dwi , Soelistianto Farida Arinie
Published: March 2022

IP Phone merupakan salah perangkat pada Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) yang dapat menyalurkan suara menggunakan IP. Berbagai tipe IP Phone bermunculan dengan harga dan fitur yang bervariasi, sehingga menimbulkan pertanyaan terkait bagaimana perbandingan kualitas suara pada IP Phone yang dihadirkan oleh berbagai tipe tersebut, mengingat kualitas suara dalam telekomunikasi sangat penting agar tidak menimbulkan kesalahfahaman saat telekomunikasi berlangsung.

Terdapat dua tipe IP Phone pada sistem yang sudah diregistrasikan dengan server sehingga dapat melakukan panggilan dengan range frekuensi 300Hz s/d 3400Hz, kemudian dari komunikasi antar IP Phone terdapat bentuk gelombang sinyal informasi input dan output, respon amplitudo suara terhadap perubahan frekuensi suara serta nilai delay dari pergeseran fasa menggunakan alat ukur Tranmission Test Set dan Oscilloscope yang digunakan untuk mengetahui karakter kualitas suara dalam komunikasi antar IP Phone sesuai hasil uji parameter.

Hasil pengujian sitem dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk gelombang sinyal informasi input dan output pada frekuensi suara memiliki bentuk gelombang sinus, namun gelombang output pada IP Phone tipe A frekuensi 300Hz s/d 1100Hz dan IP Phone tipe B frekuensi 300Hz s/d 1300Hz mengalami distorsi, selanjutnya dari hasil nilai Peak to Peak gelombang diketahui adanya penguatan tegangan yaitu semakin besar nilai frekuensi pada input maka akan semakin kecil nilai penguatan tegangan yang dihasilkan. Nilai respon amplitudo terhadap perubahan frekuensi suara dengan nilai amplitudo input -23.5 dBm pada kedua IP Phone memiliki penguatan daya yang semakin kecil ketika nilai frekuensi suara semakin tinggi. Nilai delay yang didapatkan dari pergeseran gelombang input dan output antar IP Phone yaitu kurang dari 150 ms.
Design and Implementation of A Microcontroller-Based Automatication System for Salted Eggs Production
Authors: Rizqy Al Bana Moh , Hadiwiyatno Hadiwiyatno , Saptono Rachmad
Published: March 2022

Duck eggs are an animal food that can be consumed. In community life, generally there are two ways of salting, namely the first with water, salt, and bricks. The process of mixing water and salt still uses the manual method, namely by hand. Salt is a major factor in the salting process of eggs which functions as a preservative to prevent spoilage of eggs, thereby increasing their shelf life. In order to become salted eggs in general, that is by preservation. The method used is experimental, the purpose of experimental research is to create or develop an existing research.The test results on this tool are to produce specification data or to get certainty whether a tool is functioning properly or not. So that if there is damage to the tool or equipment it cannot run properly, it can be analyzed precisely and easily, and we can conclude that the difference in the results obtained from one day to the next
Design and Build a Billing Reminder Communication System for Kiosks in Urban Areas Based on Android
Authors: Arya Hamzah Dwi Aryanto , Anshori Moh. Abdullah , Hariyadi Aad
Published: March 2022

A kiosk / traditional minimarket is a small shop that generally sells goods like a modern minimarket. During this pandemic, it is recommended to pay for an item without contact (online) to break the chain of the Covid-19 virus. Therefore, an Android-based smartphone is very useful for making payments for an item online. Most people desire to have an item they want even though the price offered is sometimes quite expensive. However, some buyers want to get the goods as soon as possible and for payment to wait for a certain period according to their ability. This is detrimental to the kiosk owners because they do not get income from selling their goods. This reminder makes it easier for sellers to collect bills automatically without waiting for buyers to shop again at the same kiosk. Besides that, there is a limit for each buyer, which is useful for kiosk owners, so they do not lose money. This research needs to have a communication system that can make it easier for kiosk owners to collect bills from their customers without waiting for the customer to come again to shop at the same kiosk. In other words, the kiosk owner has certainty from the customer according to the agreed payment due date.
Utilization of RSSI on Visitor's Cellphones in Calculating Distance to Wifi Transmitter in the Reading Room of the State Polytechnic of Malang Library
Authors: Wahyuni Monica , Kusumawardani Mila , Saptono Rachmad
Published: March 2022

The pandemic period caused by the coronavirus disease causes restrictions on the number of users in a room to minimize the spread, for example, libraries. The library is a room area that can cause virus transmission when crowds of visitors. A system is needed to provide information regarding the number of library visitors. Utilizing a network (wifi transmitter) available in the library can provide information on the number of visitors based on the number of network users in a room. Utilization of the network (wifi transmitter) can be in the form of a positioning system by utilizing the wifi signal beam received by the user in RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator). To calculate the estimated user position, a trilateration method is used based on the placement of three wifi transmitters. The library visitor positioning system consists of users as wifi transmitter users and admins. At the X-coordinate, the measuring point with a low deviation of the measurement value is indicated by points C and E with a value of 0.1. The large deviation of the measurement value is indicated by the P point of 4.5. At the Y coordinate, point O has a low deviation value of 1.25, and the largest deviation value is at point M of 5.6. The accuracy of the X coordinate shows a value of 97.647% and at the Y coordinate of 96.57%. Both coordinates have good accuracy for the points used as position measurements.
Menyingkap Tabir Potensi Fraud Pajak Penghasilan Youtuber Lokal
Authors: Yustin Nur Faizah  , Moh Toyyib  , Tarjo  , Sri Wahyuni
Published: March 2022

The purpose is to uncover the potential for income tax fraud carried out by local Youtuber with pneumology as the research method. Data was obtained by conducting interviews with Youtuber as research informants. Theoretically, this research produces the concept of the dimensions of tax fraud that will contribute to the development of the science of forensic accounting to understand the behavior of fraudsters towards tax avoidance by the Youtubers.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap potensi penipuan pajak penghasilan yang dilakukan oleh Youtuber lokal. Studi ini menggunakan metode fenomologi. Data diperoleh dengan melakukan wawancara dengan Youtuber sebagai informan penelitian. Hasil penelian menjelaskan konsep dimensi tax fraud yang akan berkontribusi pada pengembangan ilmu di bidang akuntansi forensik untuk memahami perilaku pelaku fraud terhadap penghindaran pajak oleh Youtuber.
Efektifitas Implementasi Transformasi Organisasi pada Kinerja Organisasi
Authors: Hanif Mauludin  , Enggar Nursasi  , Suhartati Noviana
Published: March 2022

The research objective is to explain the success of organizational transformation in improving performance. A Balanced Scorecard is used to direct the achievement of organizational performance. Data is analyzed by quantitative descriptive. The results show that the effectiveness of organizational transformation begins from a learning and growth perspective that emphasizes the competence of human resources as agents of change that impact internal business processes more productively. The capacity of marketing and services is getting better so it contributes significantly to increasing revenue. Organizational transformation also brings a big change in the mindset of organizational members, from bureaucracy to entrepreneurship.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan keberhasilan transformasi organisasi dalam meningkatkan kinerja organisasi di Balai Inseminasi Buatan Singosari. Balance Scorecard digunakan untuk mengungkap capaian kinerja organisasi. Metode analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas transformasi organisasi diawali dari perspektif pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan yang menekankan pada kompetensi sumber daya manusia sebagai agen perubahan yang berdampak pada proses bisnis internal secara lebih produktif. Kapasitas pemasaran dan layanan menjadi semakin baik sehingga berkontribusi signifikan pada peningkatan pendapatan transformasi organisasi juga membawa perubahan besar atas mindset anggota organisasi, dari birokrasi menjadi wirausaha.
Determinan Minat Investasi Saham Generasi Milenial di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Yuliana Sugiarti  , Mawardi Rizal
Published: March 2022

This study aims to measure the effect of financial literacy, demographic factors (income level, education level, gender), and the perception of return on interest in investing in shares of the millennial generation during the Covid-19 period. The sample used is 255 respondents using the purposive sampling method. The analytical technique used is multiple linear regression. These results show that financial literacy, high-income levels, and perceptions of return have an effect on interest in stock investment. Meanwhile, low-income levels, education levels, and gender have no effect on the millennial generation's interest in investing in shares during the Covid-19 period.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur pengaruh literasi keuangan, faktor demografi (tingkat pendapatan, tingkat pendidikan, jenis kelamin), serta persepsi return pada minat investasi saham generasi milenial di masa Covid-19. Sampel yang dipergunakan berjumlah 255 responden mempergunakan metode purposive sampling. Teknik penganalisisan yang dipergunakan ialah regresi linier berganda. Hasil ini menampilkan literasi keuangan, tingkat pendapatan tinggi, dan persepsi return berpengaruh terhadap minat investasi saham. Sedangkan tingkat pendapatan, tingkat pendidikan, serta jenis kelamin rendah tidak berpengaruh pada minat investasi saham generasi milenial di masa Covid-19.
Exploring Human Resource Competence and Management Performance of a Village-Owned Enterprise
Authors: Putri Nugrahaningsih  , Andi Asrihapsari  , Vidia Ayu Satyanovi  , Labbaika Dwi Ayu Rahmawati  , Denty Arista  , Lina Nur Ardila
Published: March 2022

This study aims at investigating the competence of human resources of BUMDes Blulukan in managing the business that leads to green entrepreneurship. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method using interviews and questionnaires as a data collection technique The conclusion of the study shows that the human resources in the BUMDes have adequate competence and level of understanding on green entrepreneurship, as seen from the effort in managing waste by creating products with higher selling points to improve the village communities' welfare in yielding innovative products from waste and generating income for village community products with high-selling values.

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat kemampuan Sumber Daya Manusia studi kasus pada BUMDES Blulukan dalam mengelola bisnis yang mengarah kepada green entrepreneurship. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan cara wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner sebagai teknik pengumpulan datanya. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan dan tingkat pemahaman SDM BUMDES terkait green entrepreneurship sudah cukup baik dengan melakukan pemanfaatan pengelolaan sampah menjadi nilai jual yang dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan desa pada produk inovasi berupa pemanfaatan limbah sampah yang sebelumnya menjadi keresahan desa diolah menjadi produk yang menghasilkan nilai jual.
Implementasi Algoritma K-Means Dalam Menentukan Tingkat Penyebaran Pandemi Covid-19 Di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Dian Permata Sari
Published: March 2022

Corona viruses (CoV) are part of a family of viruses that cause illnesses ranging from the flu to more severe illnesses such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). This virus can be transmitted from person to person through small droplets from the nose or mouth when coughing, sneezing or speaking. Because the spread of this virus is very fast, it requires fast handling so that this virus does not spread, one of which is by implementing health protocols, namely maintaining distance, washing hands and using masks. All provinces in Indonesia have not been spared from this virus, including the province of West Sumatra. Classification of the spread of this virus is necessary in order to break the chain of its spread. One of the techniques used in this grouping is k-means, which uses several groups to assign multiple data to a partition system. The results of this study indicate that the regions in the first cluster have the highest rates of positive cases and patients who die, while the areas in the second and third clusters have the potential for the spread of Covid-19 which is also a concern of the government.
Application of BMP in Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Zhu Liwei , Liu Yuzhe , Wang Ao , Zhu Zhengqing , Li Youbin , Zhu Chenyi , Che Zhenjia , Liu Tengyue , Liu He , Huang Lanfeng
Published: March 2022

At present, bone nonunion and delayed union are still difficult problems in orthopaedics. Since the discovery of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), it has been widely used in various studies due to its powerful role in promoting osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. Current results show that BMPs can promote healing of bone defects and reduce the occurrence of complications. However, the mechanism of BMP in vivo still needs to be explored, and application of BMP alone to a bone defect site cannot achieve good therapeutic effects. It is particularly important to modify implants to carry BMP to achieve slow and sustained release effects by taking advantage of the nature of the implant. This review aims to explain the mechanism of BMP action in vivo, its biological function, and how BMP can be applied to orthopaedic implants to effectively stimulate bone healing in the long term. Notably, implantation of a system that allows sustained release of BMP can provide an effective method to treat bone nonunion and delayed bone healing in the clinic.
Comparison of the Unfolded Protein Response in Cellobiose Utilization of Recombinant Angel- and W303-1A-Derived Yeast Expressing β-Glucosidase
Authors: Zou Shaolan , Jia Yudie , He Qing , Zhang Kun , Ban Rui , Hong Jiefang , Zhang Minhua
Published: March 2022

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is one of the most important protein quality control mechanisms in cells. At least, three factors are predicted to activate the UPR in yeast cells during fermentation. Using UPRE-lacZ as a reporter, we constructed two indicator strains, KZ and WZ, based on Angel-derived K-a and W303-1A strains, respectively, and investigated their UPR response to tunicamycin, ethanol, and acetic acid. Then, four strains carrying plasmids BG-cwp2 and BG were obtained to realize the displaying and secretion of β-glucosidase, respectively. The results of cellobiose utilization assays indicated interactions between the UPR and the metabolic burden between the strain source, anchoring moiety, oxygen supply, and cellobiose concentration. Meanwhile, as expected, growth (OD600), β-glucosidase, and β-galactosidase activities were shown to have a positive inter-relationship, in which the values of the KZ-derived strains were far lower than those of the WZ-derived strains. Additionally, extra metabolic burden by displaying over secreting was also much more serious in strain KZ than in strain WZ. The maximum ethanol titer of the four strains (KZ (BG-cwp2), KZ (BG), WZ (BG-cwp2), and WZ (BG)) in oxygen-limited 10% cellobiose fermentation was 3.173, 5.307, 5.495, and 5.486% (v/v), respectively, and the acetic acid titer ranged from 0.038 to 0.060% (v/v). The corresponding maximum values of the ratio of β-galactosidase activity to that of the control were 3.30, 5.29, 6.45, and 8.72, respectively. Under aerobic conditions with 2% cellobiose, those values were 3.79, 4.97, 6.99, and 7.67, respectively. A comparison of the results implied that β-glucosidase expression durably induced the UPR, and the effect of ethanol and acetic acid depended on the titer produced. Further study is necessary to identify ethanol- or acid-specific target gene expression. Taken together, our results indicated that the host strain W303-1A is a better secretory protein producer, and the first step to modify strain K-a for cellulosic ethanol fermentation would be to relieve the bottleneck of UPR capacity. The results of the present study will help to identify candidate host strains and optimize expression and fermentation by quantifying UPR induction.
Major Vault Protein (MVP) Associated With BRAFV600E Mutation Is an Immune Microenvironment-Related Biomarker Promoting the Progression of Papillary Thyroid Cancer via MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT Pathways
Authors: Dong Xubin , Akuetteh Percy David Papa , Song Jingjing , Ni Chao , Jin Cong , Li Huihui , Jiang Wenjie , Si Yuhao , Zhang Xiaohua , Zhang Qiyu , Huang Guanli
Published: March 2022

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, with an increase in incidence frequency. Major vault protein (MVP) is the main structural protein of the vault complex that has already been investigated in specific cancers. Yet the underlying biological functions and molecular mechanisms of MVP in PTC still remain considerably uncharacterized. Comprehensive analyses are predicated on several public datasets and local RNA-Seq cohort. Clinically, we found that MVP was upregulated in human PTC than in non-cancerous thyroid tissue and was correlated with vital clinicopathological parameters in PTC patients. MVP expression was associated with BRAFV600E, RAS, TERT, and RET status, and it was correlated with worse progression-free survival in PTC patients. Functionally, enrichment analysis provided new clues for the close relationship between MVP with cancer-related signaling pathways and the immune microenvironment in PTC. In PTC with high MVP expression, we found CD8+ T cells, regulatory T cells, and follicular helper T cells have a higher infiltration level. Intriguingly, MVP expression was positively correlated with multiple distinct phases of the anti-cancer immunity cycle. MVP knockdown significantly suppressed cell viability and colony formation, and promoted apoptosis. In addition, downregulated MVP markedly inhibited the migration and invasion potential of PTC cells. The rescue experiments showed that MVP could reverse the level of cell survival and migration. Mechanistically, MVP exerts its oncogenic function in PTC cells through activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK pathways. These results point out that MVP is a reliable biomarker related to the immune microenvironment and provide a basis for elucidating the oncogenic roles of MVP in PTC progression.
Hepatic Epigenetic Reprogramming After Liver Resection in Offspring Alleviates the Effects of Maternal Obesity
Authors: Simino Lais A. de Paula , Fontana Marina Figueiredo , de Fante Thais , Panzarin Carolina , Ignacio-Souza Letícia Martins , Milanski Marciane , Torsoni Marcio Alberto , Desai Mina , Ross Michael G. , Torsoni Adriana Souza
Published: March 2022

Obesity has become a public health problem in recent decades, and during pregnancy, it can lead to an increased risk of gestational complications and permanent changes in the offspring resulting from a process known as metabolic programming. The offspring of obese dams are at increased risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), even in the absence of high-fat diet consumption. NAFLD is a chronic fatty liver disease that can progress to extremely severe conditions that require surgical intervention with the removal of the injured tissue. Liver regeneration is necessary to preserve organ function. A range of pathways is activated in the liver regeneration process, including the Hippo, TGFβ, and AMPK signaling pathways that are under epigenetic control. We investigated whether microRNA modulation in the liver of the offspring of obese dams would impact gene expression of Hippo, TGFβ, and AMPK pathways and tissue regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHx). Female Swiss mice fed a standard chow or a high-fat diet (HFD) before and during pregnancy and lactation were mated with male control mice. The offspring from control (CT-O) and obese (HF-O) dams weaned to standard chow diet until day 56 were submitted to PHx surgery. Prior to the surgery, HF-O presented alterations in miR-122, miR-370, and Let-7a expression in the liver compared to CT-O, as previously shown, as well as in its target genes involved in liver regeneration. However, after the PHx (4 h or 48 h post-surgery), differences in gene expression between CT-O and HF-O were suppressed, as well as in microRNA expression in the liver. Furthermore, both CT-O and HF-O presented a similar regenerative capacity of the liver within 48 h after PHx. Our results suggest that survival and regenerative mechanisms induced by the partial hepatectomy may overcome the epigenetic changes in the liver of offspring programmed by maternal obesity.
Critical Examination of Müller Glia-Derived in vivo Neurogenesis in the Mouse Retina
Authors: Xie Ye , Chen Bo
Published: March 2022

Müller glia (MG) are a potential source of stem cells in the mammalian retina that could replenish lost retinal neurons for vision restoration. Unlike their counterpart in zebrafish, mammalian MG are quiescent and they do not spontaneously generate new retinal neurons. In recent years, extensive research efforts have been made to unlock the regenerative capabilities of Müller glia (MG) for de novo regeneration of retinal neurons in mice. Here, we discuss current research progress on MG-derived in vivo neurogenesis in the mouse retina, focusing on the use of stringent fate mapping techniques to evaluate and validate de novo regeneration of retinal neurons through the reprogramming of endogenous MG. Establishing stringent experimental criteria is critical for examining current and future studies on MG-derived regeneration of photoreceptors, retinal inter-neurons, and retinal ganglion cells.
Advanced Metal–Organic Frameworks-Based Catalysts in Electrochemical Sensors
Authors: Chen Yana , Yang Zhiquan , Hu Huilin , Zhou Xinchen , You Feng , Yao Chu , Liu Fang Jun , Yu Peng , Wu Dan , Yao Junlong , Hu Ruofei , Jiang Xueliang , Yang Huan
Published: March 2022

Developing efficient catalysts is vital for the application of electrochemical sensors. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), with high porosity, large specific surface area, good conductivity, and biocompatibility, have been widely used in catalysis, adsorption, separation, and energy storage applications. In this invited review, the recent advances of a novel MOF-based catalysts in electrochemical sensors are summarized. Based on the structure–activity–performance relationship of MOF-based catalysts, their mechanism as electrochemical sensor, including metal cations, synthetic ligands, and structure, are introduced. Then, the MOF-based composites are successively divided into metal-based, carbon-based, and other MOF-based composites. Furthermore, their application in environmental monitoring, food safety control, and clinical diagnosis is discussed. The perspective and challenges for advanced MOF-based composites are proposed at the end of this contribution.
Assessing the Effect of Smokeless Tobacco Consumption on Oral Microbiome in Healthy and Oral Cancer Patients
Authors: Saxena Rituja , Prasoodanan P K Vishnu , Gupta Sonia Vidushi , Gupta Sudheer , Waiker Prashant , Samaiya Atul , Sharma Ashok K. , Sharma Vineet K.
Published: March 2022

Oral cancer is a globally widespread cancer that features among the three most prevalent cancers in India. The risk of oral cancer is elevated by factors such as tobacco consumption, betel-quid chewing, excessive alcohol consumption, unhygienic oral condition, sustained viral infections, and also due to dysbiosis in microbiome composition of the oral cavity. Here, we performed an oral microbiome study of healthy and oral cancer patients to decipher the microbial dysbiosis due to the consumption of smokeless-tobacco-based products and also revealed the tobacco-associated microbiome. The analysis of 196 oral microbiome samples from three different oral sites of 32 healthy and 34 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients indicated health status, site of sampling, and smokeless tobacco consumption as significant covariates associated with oral microbiome composition. Significant similarity in oral microbiome composition of smokeless-tobacco-consuming healthy samples and OSCC samples inferred the possible role of smokeless tobacco consumption in increasing inflammation-associated species in oral microbiome. Significantly higher abundance of Streptococcus was found to adequately discriminate smokeless-tobacco-non-consuming healthy samples from smokeless-tobacco-consuming healthy samples and contralateral healthy site of OSCC samples from the tumor site of OSCC samples. Comparative analysis of oral microbiome from another OSCC cohort also confirmed Streptococcus as a potential marker for healthy oral microbiome. Gram-negative microbial genera such as Prevotella, Capnocytophaga, and Fusobacterium were found to be differentially abundant in OSCC-associated microbiomes and can be considered as potential microbiome marker genera for oral cancer. Association with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis pathway further confirms the differential abundance of Gram-negative marker genera in OSCC microbiomes.
Right Heart Chambers Longitudinal Strain Provides Enhanced Diagnosis and Categorization in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Espinola-Zavaleta Nilda , Antonio-Villa Neftali Eduardo , Guerra Enrique C. , Nanda Navin C. , Rudski Lawrence , Alvarez-Santana Ricardo , Camacho-Camacho Gyssele , Aranda-Fraustro Alberto , Cossio-Aranda Jorge , Zamora Karina , Oregel-Camacho Diego , Armenta-Moreno Javier Ivan , Berarducci Joaquin , Alexanderson-Rosas Erick
Published: March 2022

Background

Increased systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) could lead to the mechanical dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis of the right heart chambers. Echocardiographic strain analysis has not been adequately studied in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH).

Study design and methods

A cross-sectional cohort of patients with suspected PH and echocardiographic strain evaluation was recruited. The cut-off values of peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) with the low probability of PH (≤2.8 m/s), intermediate probability (2.9–3.4 m/s, without other echo PH signs), and high probability of PH (2.9–3.4 m/s with other echo PH signs and >3.4 m/s) categories were studied by right ventricular and right atrial (RA) strain analysis in a sample of 236 patients.

Results

The results showed that 58 (56.9%) patients had low, 15 (14.7%) had intermediate, and 29 (28.4%) had a high probability of PH. We observed a negative association between right ventricular free wall strain (RV-FWS) and atrial global strain with sPAP. With the increase in PH severity, RA reservoir, conduit, and contraction (booster) strain values decreased. The identified cut-off values of strain parameters had an adequate ability to detect PH severity categories. In addition, the post-mortem biopsies of right heart chambers from subjects with known severe PH were analyzed to quantify myocardial fibrosis. Our sample of right heart biopsies (n = 12) demonstrated an association between increased sPAP before death and right ventricular and RA fibrosis.

Conclusion

Mechanical dysfunction and fibrosis in the right chambers are associated with increased sPAP. Right ventricular and atrial strain could provide enhancement in the diagnosis and categorization of subjects with suspected PH.
Diastolic Plateau – Invasive Hemodynamic Marker of Adverse Outcome Among Left Ventricular Assist Device Patients
Authors: Grupper Avishay , Kodesh Afek , Lavee Jacob , Fefer Paul , Barbash Israel M. , Elian Dan , Kogan Alexander , Morgan Avi , Segev Amit , Maor Elad
Published: March 2022

Background

Diastolic plateau is an invasive hemodynamic marker of impaired right ventricular (RV) diastolic filling. The purpose of the current analysis was to evaluate the prognostic importance of this sign in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) patients.

Methods

The analysis included all LVAD patients who received continuous-flow LVAD (HeartMate 3) at the Sheba medical center and underwent right heart catheterization (RHC) during follow up post-LVAD surgery. Patients were dichotomized into 2 mutually exclusive groups based on a plateau duration cutoff of 55% of diastole. The primary end point of the current analysis was the composite of death, heart transplantation, or increase in diuretic dosage in a 12-month follow-up period post-RHC.

Results

Study cohort included 59 LVAD patients with a mean age of 57 (IQR 54–66) of whom 48 (81%) were males. RHC was performed at 303 ± 36 days after LVAD surgery. Patients with and without diastolic plateau had similar clinical, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic parameters. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that the cumulative probability of event at 1 year was 65 ± 49% vs. 21 ± 42% for primary outcomes among patients with and without diastolic plateau (p Log rank < 0.05 for both). A multivariate model with adjustment for age, INTERMACS score and ischemic cardiomyopathy consistently showed that patients with diastolic plateau were 4 times more likely to meet the study composite end point (HR = 4.35, 95% CI 1.75–10.83, p = 0.002).

Conclusion

Diastolic plateau during RHC is a marker of adverse outcome among LVAD patients.
Amplification Behaviour of Compressional Waves in Unconsolidated Sediments
Authors: van Ginkel Janneke , Ruigrok Elmer , Wentinck Rick , Herber Rien
Published: March 2022

Similar to horizontal earthquake motions, vertical motions are amplified depedent on the local site conditions which can be critical for the safety of certain structures. Production of natural gas in Groningen, the Netherlands, results in reservoir compaction causing low magnitude, shallow earthquakes which are recorded with a borehole seismic network. These recordings form an excellent data set to understand how shallow unconsolidated subsurface geology influences the amplification behaviour of compressional waves (P-waves). First, we present borehole and single-station techniques (amplification factors, empirical transfer functions (ETF) and V/H spectral ratio implementations) to quantify vertical amplification. We show that vertical-wave incidence is a reasonable assumption. All techniques are capable of emphasising the sites with strong amplification of vertical ground motion during an earthquake. Subsequently, we compare ETF with single-station methods with the aim to develop proxies for vertical site-response using spectral ratios. In a second step, we link vertical site-response with shallow subsurface conditions, like the P-wave velocity and peat content. To better understand the amplification mechanisms, we analytically simulate P-wave propagation. In the simulations, we compute synthetic transfer functions using realistic subsurface conditions and make a comparison with the ETF. The simulations support the hypothesis that thin layers of shallow gas, originating from the Holocene peat, result in wave amplification. We observe strong vertical site-response in particular in the eastern part of Groningen, with industrial facilities and pipeline infrastructure in the region. Here, if high vertical amplifications are persistent at large earthquake magnitudes, appreciable levels of vertical loading may be expected. This study demonstrates that vertical motions should be assessed separately from horizontal motions, given that the amplification behaviour of P-waves is affected by distinctive mechanisms.
A Case Study of Deep Shaft and Open Face Tunnelling Induced Excessive Ground Settlement in Water Rich Strata in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Nong Xingzhong , Liang Yuehua , Ruan Yanmei
Published: March 2022

During a shaft and associated sprayed concrete lining (SCL) tunnel construction in a new line of Guangzhou Metro, site monitoring recorded ground surface settlement was much larger than that predicted in the design. This raised the alarm to the safety of an adjacent high-pressure gas pipe. Close-form and analytical calculations and non-coupled and coupled numerical analyses were carried out to back analyze the settlement. It was found the primary contributing factor to the excessive ground settlement is water loss-induced ground consolidation, which is commonly encountered during underground construction in south China where complex strata, such as granite residual soil and fully weathered granite, are present. This paper details the back analysis process and discusses mitigation measures that should be adopted for construction in similar ground in the future.
Combined Effect of Pore Water Overpressure, Far-Field Stresses, and Strength Parameters in Wellbore Stability
Authors: Deangeli Chiara , Marchelli Maddalena
Published: March 2022

Studying the stability of wellbores drilled to access reservoirs can be a challenging issue in overpressured basins because accurate estimation of the far-field stresses, overpressure, and rock strength parameters can be difficult to achieve. Unexpected overpressures can induce tensile stresses around the wellbore, and the selection of an appropriate strength criterion and rock properties play an important role in determining the limit mud pressures. This study focuses on the stability analysis of wellbores by considering the mutual interaction of far-field stresses, fluid overpressure, and strength parameters of isotropic rock. We performed sensitivity analyses with the Mohr–Coulomb and Hoek–Brown criteria in two overpressured fields (North Sea basin and Browse basin) to highlight the influence of the uncertainties related to the rock strength. We defined an effective stress path (ESP) failure line to analyze the failure limit condition in the tension and compression zone. The analysis results indicated that the Hoek–Brown criterion better describes rock failure conditions, especially in the tension zone. Furthermore, we suggested using two different frictional components of strength for the tension and compression zone because it is a conservative approach, particularly at high overpressures. The mud pressures obtained from the uniaxial radial/tangential (HF) conventional analysis give different failure limits with respect to the ESP approach suggested in this study. These differences are low, and the mud weight margin can be low. In addition, we carried out numerical simulations with FLAC to investigate the extent of failure. The results indicated that the mud weight margin between the onset of local failure and borehole collapse is very low at high overpressures. Finally, the geomechanical analysis of wellbore stability in overpressured basins indicated the need for improving the accuracy in determining the strength parameters of the rock.
Children’s Spatial Play With a Block Building Touchscreen Application
Authors: Polinsky Naomi , Lemley Breniel , Flynn Rachel M. , Wartella Ellen , Uttal David H.
Published: March 2022

Spatial play contributes to children’s early development of spatial skills, which are foundational for STEM achievement. A growing genre of spatial play for young children is digital block play. We asked how 3- to 6-year-old children (N = 117) engaged in digital block play and whether children’s age, gender, and spatial skills were correlated with this play. Children completed a spatial skills assessment and played a popular digital block play app, Toca Blocks. We developed a coding scheme that measured children’s play behaviors in the app, and reliably detected individual differences in this play. Children actively manipulated the digital blocks, and there were differences in their block play by age and gender. However, children’s spatial skills were not associated with their play in the app. The present work shows that digital block play supports play behaviors similar to those supported by physical blocks, but whether and how digital block play facilitates spatial learning is still unknown. The results are discussed in terms of potential ways to implement digital spatial play apps that might engage children’s spatial skills and support their spatial and STEM learning.
The Changes of Lipidomic Profiles Reveal Therapeutic Effects of Exenatide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Zhang Lin , Hu Yanjin , An Yu , Wang Qiu , Liu Jia , Wang Guang
Published: March 2022

Objective

Exenatide has been demonstrated beneficial effects on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) regarding lipid metabolism. However, the potential mechanism remains unclear. We used a lipidomic approach to evaluate lipid changes in response to treatment with exenatide in T2DM patients.

Methods

Serum lipidomic profiles of 35 newly diagnosed T2DM patients (before and after exenatide treatment) and 20 age-matched healthy controls were analyzed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Results

A total of 45 lipid species including sphingomyelins (SMs), ceramides (CERs), lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) were identified in all participants. Compared to the healthy controls, 13 lipid species [SM (d18:1/18:0, d18:1/18:1), Cer (d18:1/18:0, d18:1/16:0, d18:1/20:0, d18:1/24:1), LPC (15:0, 16:0, 17:0), PC (19:0/19:0), LPE (18:0) and PE (16:0/22:6, 18:0/22:6)] were markedly increased in the T2DM group, while PE (17:0/17:0) and PC (18:1/18:0) were decreased (P < 0.05). The serum SM (d18:1/18:0, d18:1/18:1), LPC (16:0), and LPE (18:0) were significantly decreased after exenatide treatment, which was accompanied by the amelioration of lipids and glycemic parameters (TC, LDL-C, ApoA-I, FCP and HbA1c) in T2DM patients. The chord diagrams showed distinct correlation patterns between lipid classes and subclasses among healthy controls, T2DM patients before and after exenatide treatment.

Conclusion

Our results revealed that the therapeutic benefits of exenatide on T2DM might be involved in the improved lipid metabolism, especially SM, LPC, and LPE.

Clinical Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03297879.