bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Orator and audience: an unrecognizable relationship
Authors: Bărbieru Andreea Gabriela
Published: July 2024

Televisual discourse represents a form of mass communication where the relationship between the orator and the audience is mediated by technology, significantly complicating the dynamics of interaction. In contrast to traditional discourse, where the orator and the audience share the same physical space and can interact directly, in the case of televisual discourse, this connection is indirect and impersonal. This article aims to explore the complexity and nature of the relationship between the speaker and the audience in the context of televisual discourse, considering both the variables that influence the perception and effectiveness of the discourse, as well as the unknown relationship between the sender and the receiver. The analysis focuses on several aspects: the lack of direct and instantaneous feedback, the variability of the audience, and the influence of technological mediation. This relationship, being filtered through a screen, remains partially unrecognizable, highlighting the need for new methods and approaches to improve the effectiveness and authenticity of televisual communication. Televisual discourse is characterized by the fact that the orator and the audience are not in direct contact, but communicate through a technological medium. This mediation creates a physical and psychological distance between the two actors. Therefore, the orator cannot adjust the message based on instant feedback. Through the synthesis of existing literature, we try to provide an integrated perspective on how orators adjust their messages and communication strategies based on the audience.
Theoretical foundations of advertising in Romanian Sign Language: Strategies in a modern context
Authors: Duhomnicu Alberto
Published: July 2024

Romanian Sign Language (LSR) interpretation is underrepresented in Romanian research, significantly affecting the accessibility of TV and online commercials destined for deaf people. This paper investigates the theoretical aspects of the relationship between Romanian advertising and the deaf community, highlighting the shortcomings of providing accessible advertising content. In both television and online environments, Romania faces challenges compared to other European countries when it comes to including sign language interpretation in advertisements. The absence of an adequate regulatory framework and mandatory legislation for advertising agencies limits the integration of deaf people in the media environment. This research analyzes these issues, contributing to a deeper understanding of the impact on the deaf community and the need to improve information accessibility in Romania.
Superação e desigualdade
Authors: Evangelista Lucivania Barbosa , Bezerra Machado Laêda
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar o núcleo central das representações sociais de aluno de escola pública de Ensino Médio, construídas por seus professores. O referencial teórico adotado é a abordagem estrutural das representações. Desenvolveu-se um estudo on-line com 26 professores de escolas públicas. Utilizou-se, para testar o núcleo central, a técnica de Triagem Hierárquica Sucessiva. Os resultados indicaram representações sociais dos docentes acerca do aluno de escola pública de Ensino Médio centralizadas em superação e desigualdade, pois, para eles, seus alunos vivem em condições de desigualdade e enfrentam outros desafios, mas conseguem superá-los. Sugere-se medidas capazes de equalizar as oportunidades educacionais para as juventudes que frequentam a escola de Ensino Médio.
 Palavras-chave: Aluno. Ensino Médio. Representações Sociais. Professores.
Plantar Inserts Therapy for Hind Foot Subtalar Joint Valgus Type in Medial Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Authors: Shimizu Shingo ,   Saitama Prefecural University
Published: July 2024

Plantar inserts for knee osteoarthritis do not simply prescribe subtalar joint valgus-guided using a lateral wedge, but instead perform individual evaluations and provide plantar inserts for subtalar joint neutral-guided to improve individual alignment
‘Pilates’ in 2024: Useful Clinical Tool or Commercial Catchphrase?
Authors: Lewitt Moira S ,   University Of The West Of Scotland
Published: July 2024

If the exercises are not close to those originally described Pilates, whether or not apparatus is used, the term Pilates should not be used as a label, particularly in the context of alternative, complementary and integrative medicine
Photoprotective, Immunomodulatory and Eco-Friendly: On the road to the Holy Grail of Sunscreen Development
Authors:   Queensland Institute Of Dermatology, Noakes Rowland
Published: July 2024

Phototherapy, utilizing Narrow band UVB, PUVA, UVA-1 or natural sunlight has long been used by dermatologists in the management of a range of dermatological conditions but is accompanied by the potential hazards associated with ultraviolet light exposure to the skin. A therapeutic sunscreen, a preparation which offers ultraviolet light protection, whilst permissive of the benefits of ultraviolet light therapy without the need for expensive medical equipment is an attractive concept.
Preventive RNAi-based Microbicide to Inhibit HIV Transmission in the Vaginal Mucosa
Authors:   Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Basar E
Published: July 2024

With annually ~1.5 million new HIV infections worldwide, the HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a significant global health burden [1]. While antiretroviral therapy is highly effective to manage and slow down disease progression, a preventive effective vaccine to control the pandemic remains elusive [2]. Currently available preventive strategies such as the use of condoms, and HIV pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis are effective, but the lack of compliance remains challenging [3-5]. To end the HIV/AIDS pandemic, these existing treatment and prevention modalities need to be combined with an effective preventive vaccine, which is not available yet [5].
Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds present in methanolic extracts of 60 days old Nigerian Vigna Radiata leaves
Authors: Mmuta Ebelechukwu C. , Echekoba Chimeebele A. , Igwe Obioma S. , Ogbuagu Josephat O. , Arinze RoseMary U. , Onyekaonwu Okwuchukwu E.
Published: July 2024

Leaves of Vigna radiata (L.) are regarded as by-products due to the relatively low emphasis attributed to them when compared to the seeds and sprouts. They are usually left on the farm as waste products or for animals to graze on them, especially here in Nigeria; therefore, the need to investigate its various phytochemical content emerged, which will result in its optimum utilization. In the present study, 60 days old Vigna radiata (L.) leaves were harvested from V. radiata plants cultivated at the National Biotechnology and Research Development Centre Abagana, Anambra State, Nigeria. They were processed and milled into flour. Part of the milled flour was subjected to preliminary quantitative phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of steroids as the major phytochemical content out of 12 bioactive compounds assessed with a value of 19.298%. The gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) used to determine the actual bioactive compounds present in the methanolic extracts of Nigerian V. radiata leaves (MENVrL) revealed the presence of 53 bioactive compounds with 58 peaks, covering a total peak area of 100% and these compounds were identified through spectrum matching with National Institute Standard and Technology (NIST) database. 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol was identified as the major compound present in MENVrL  with a peak area of  7.66%. Further isolation of these bioactive compounds may prove the leaves a rich source of pharmaceutical, biological, and cosmetologically important raw materials, for the formulation of new effective drugs and other related products.
СТАЛИЙ РОЗВИТОК КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ АГРЕСІЇ РОСІЇ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Kohut V. I. , Humeniuk H. B. , Hrubinko V. V. , Lukaschuk O. E.
Published: July 2024

The article characterizes the problems and ways of implementing the concept of sustainable development in Ukraine based on the best experience of the countries of the European Union. It has been established that Ukraine's European integration steps require the selection and modernization of standards and norms in force in the EU. With the exacerbation of socio-economic and political problems against the background of environmental degradation, an important factor in improving the concept of sustainable development in the world is the use of innovative technologies in highly developed countries that allow improving the processes of economic growth and human development with the most rational and waste-free use of natural resources.
Mandatory in the formation of national and regional strategies and programs in economic, environmental and social aspects is the application of sustainable development goals. In Ukraine, the Sustainable Development Goals have been implemented in the national economy and the main ways to achieve them at the local, regional and global levels have been determined. Despite this, there remain quite a lot of problematic issues and obstacles that slow down the transition to an innovative model of functioning of the socio-economic system based on the principles of the concept of sustainable development[4].The following are identified as the main problems: outdated and imperfect material and technical and legal framework; lack of qualified personnel; conflicts of political interests in making the right decisions; a high level of corruption, as a result of a lack of funds for the development of eco-projects; low level of innovative activity; investors are focused on obtaining quick profits without long-term investment; there are no legal norms regarding the stimulation of environmental policy and an insufficient amount of environmental investments.
The unjustified full-scale military aggression of russia, starting from February 24, 2022, became inevitable, which slowed down the issue of the implementation of sustainable development. However, even within the framework of wartime, in general, the issue of reclamation of the destroyed natural territorial complex on the already liberated lands on the basis of innovative principles and effective models of sustainable development using the experience of the EU countries in the field of formation and implementation of concept strategies and in the post-war period in particular.
ЦИТОСТАТИЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ЕНДОКАРПІЇВ ДЕЯКИХ ПЛОДОВИХ РОСЛИН
Authors: Megalinska A. P. , Panchuk O. V. , Tkachuk I. O. , Romanyuga V. I.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research was to study the cytostatic activity of amygdalin-containing endocarps and those endocarps that do not comprise amygdalin. Armeniaca vulgaris L. and Prunus cerasus L. were explored as amygdalin-containing plants. Cornus mas L. and Schizandra chinensis endocarps, which contain no amygdalin, were studied as well.
The endocarps of all investigated plants have been proven experimentally to have cytostatic properties.
Amygdalin-containing endocarps result in the initiation impairment of mitotic division and reduce dramatically the germination energy of tested seeds. The fruits of Schizandra chinensis possess the major cytostatic activity, which can be related to the presence of polyphenolic compounds. The presence of schizandrin, vitamin E and fatty acids in lemongrass seeds explains its stimulation of heteroauxin synthesis, which is impacted by the increase in the length of the principal root of the testing seedlings. The opportunity of the endocarps' use of the investigated plants as raw materials for making anticancer drugs is being discussed.
ЧОРНИЙ ЛЕЛЕКА (CICONIA NIGRA) В ЦЕНТРІ ПІВНІЧНОЇ ЧАСТИНИ ЖИТОМИРЩИНИ: ЧИСЕЛЬНІСТЬ, БІОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА ОХОРОНА
Authors: Panchuk O. S. , Khoptynets O. M. , Khoptynets M. O.
Published: July 2024

The studies of Black Stork were conducted on the territory of the former Luhyny district that is currently the united territorial community of Zhytomyr region within the period of 2009–2023. The data were obtained by surveying forestry workers as well as conducting our field research. In 2009–2010 the amount of this species constituted 23 pairs and the nesting density was equal to 4.26 pairs/100 km2 of forests, that showed the highest rate among other districts of the region. In 2017–2023, 7 pairs of storks were discovered, many of which were in areas known from our previous research.
C. nigra preferably choose old oaks for nesting (83.33 %) in old-growth groves (60 %). Nesting sites should be located next to the hunting places, obviously small rivers (on average 418 m), but far from populated areas (on average 2.5 km). The size of the nests was from 115 to 151 cm, and the height constituted from 25 to 45 cm.
A tendency towards the decline of the amount of nestlings has been noted that will presumably affect the numbers of Black Storks in the future. Nowadays, the average temperature is increasing and precipitation is decreasing on the territory of Ukraine, which frequently leads to drying of small rivers and swamps. Considering that this species feeds on mainly aquatic organisms, the link between the reproduction of Black Storks and the amount of winter-spring precipitation is clearly traced. If ponds and rivers are not sufficiently filled with water in spring, the birds do not breed or have a small number of nestlings. Pairs that nest close to large rivers that do not dry up, have more offspring. The average number of nestlings in the brood was 2.2 (n=11).
Black Storks flock from migration to the studied territory in the first half of April.
7 nestlings were ringed in 2020–2022. One of them ringed with a white plastic ring with the number U104 in July 2021, was found in September 2021 in the far south of Moldova in Slobozia Mare village, Cahul district. The distance from the nest to the meeting point is approximately 618 km directly to the south. The migration of this bird was in the direction of the Bosphorus.
Great Grey Owls and Common Buzzards can compete with Black Storks for their nests. Lesser Spotted Eagle and Great Grey Owl are not dangerous for C. nigra and can live close to them.
Intensive logging greatly threatens the reduction of suitable nesting places for the species. To preserve Black Storks, it is necessary to create conservation areas around the nests, new territorial nature conservation areas, artificial nest platforms and ponds.
ВПЛИВ ПІДВИЩЕНИХ КОНЦЕНТРАЦІЙ ІОНІВ Сo2+ НА МОРФОМЕТРИЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ У ПРІСНОВОДНИХ РИБ
Authors: Vovchek N. O. , Holinei H. M. , Khomenchuk V. O. , Kuran V. Z.
Published: July 2024

In model conditions the morphometric indicators of silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch.) and common pike (Esox lucius L.) under the influence of sublethal concentrations of Co2+ ions (0.1 and 0.25 mg/dm3) were investigated. As a result of the analysis of morphometric characteristics, it was established that the values of most of the size indicators of the studied fish species do not differ from the control. However, a significant decrease in the parameters of the postdorsal distance, the length of the tail stem and the height of the dorsal fin in crucian carp was established under the influence of 0.1 mg/dm3 of Co2+ ions. Exposure to 0.25 mg/dm3 of cobalt (II) ions caused in Carassius auratus gibelio a decrease in the ventroanal distance, the height of the forehead and dorsal fin, as well as an increase in the length of the ventral and base of the anal fin. A tendency to decrease in liver mass and a significant decrease in crucian carp kidney mass under the action of 0.25 mg/ dm3 metal ions was noted. A decrease in the coefficients of large-headedness, broad-backedness and fatness was established under the influence of 0.1 mg/dm3, and a tendency to decrease in the hepatic-somatic index with increasing concentration of metal ions in the incubation medium was noted. In Esox lucius there was a decrease in the width of the forehead and the length of the base of the anal fin under the influence of 0.1 mg/dm3 of cobalt ions. Under the action of 0.25 mg/dm3 of metal ions, an increase in antedorsal and antepectral distances, pectoral and ventral fin lengths was observed. In contrast to crucian carp, in pike there was an increase in the weight of fish liver with an increase in the concentration of Co2+ ions in the water. The effect of sublethal concentrations of cobalt led to an increase in the liver-somatic index and indices of girth and deflection in pike. The coefficients of fatness and broad-backedness decreased with increasing concentration of cobalt ions in the fish acclimation medium. It has been established that morphometric indicators are characterized by species specificity and in combination with physiological and biochemical indicators can serve as biomarkers for assessing the state of the fish organism and the level of contamination of freshwater ecosystems with metals.
ВПЛИВ КОМПЛЕКСНОЇ ДІЇ РЕТАРДАНТУ ХЛОРМЕКВАТХЛОРИДУ ТА СТИМУЛЯТОРА РОСТУ ТРЕПТОЛЕМУ НА МОРФОГЕНЕЗ І ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ МАКУ ОЛІЙНОГО
Authors: Polyvanyi S. V. , Shevchuk O. A. , Tkachuk O. O. , Khodanitska O. O. , Matviychuk O. A. , Polyvana A. S
Published: July 2024

The influence of a mixture of the antigibberellin preparation chlormequat chloride and the growth stimulant treptolem (1:1) on the productivity, anatomical, morphological features and functioning of the oilseed poppy leaf apparatus (Papaver somniferum L.) plants was investigated. It was revealed that the treatment of oilseed poppy plants by spraying with a mixture of preparations within the budding period led to an increase in linear dimensions, stem thickening, an increase in the leaf number and area, as well as an increase in crop yield.
The usage of a mixture of growth regulating preparations on poppy plants optimised the leaf anatomical structure, and the assimilative parenchyma thickened through the growth of its cells. Under the influence of the complex of preparations, the linear size of spongy parenchyma cells in the test variants increased.
The growth in the number of leaves, the prolongation of their life, the appearance of a larger leaf surface, more robust chlorenchyma and an increase in the content of chlorophylls in its cells result in an increase in the net productivity of photosynthesis and gross photosynthetic productivity of poppy plants and cenosis in general. The application of the complex of preparations also resulted in increased stem branching, which in turn led to an additional number of fruits (capsules). The increase in the yield of oilseed poppy under the impact of a mixture of chlormequat chloride and treptolem was mainly due to changes in the crop structure. At the same time as the number of fruits (capsules) increased, the weight of seeds in capsules and the weight of a thousand seeds also rose. The use of the mixture of preparations did not lead to a violation of toxicological standards since the content of chloromequat chloride and treptolem in the seeds did not exceed the permitted limits. The increased yield of oilseed poppy crop under the influence of a mixture of chlormequat chloride and treptolem was accompanied by an oil content increase in the seeds. The quality of poppy oil increased due to an increase in the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids.
Halif is the keeper of the dynasty(on the materials of bio collection of horse breeding)
Authors: Калашников В.В. , Зайцев А.М. , Атрощенко М.М. , Науменкова В.А. , Калинкова Л.В. , Калашникова Т.В. , Абрамова Н.В.
Published: July 2024

В коневодстве, в силу численной ограниченности генетического ресурса многих пород лошадей, длительное хранение семени производителей в глубокозамороженном состоянии дает возможность получать потомство от выдающихся производителей в оригинальных генетических комбинациях с использованием «запасного» генофонда, избегая инбридинг-депрессии и проявления действия наследственных мутаций, сопровождающих смену поколений. В ряде опытов получено потомство от выдающихся жеребцов-родоначальников ахалтекинской породы при осеменении кобыл спермой, сохраненной в биохранилище ВНИИ коневодства 30 и более лет. Потомство, полученное при использовании семени, сохраненного в криобанке несколько десятилетий после выбытия жеребца, как правило, отличается лучшей выраженностью селекционируемых признаков и превосходит своих братьев и сестер, рожденных от данного производителя при жизни. Этот метод позволяет получать современных продолжателей старых линий, а также новых продолжательниц известных маточных гнезд, что способствует эффективной селекции уникального типа лошадей ахалтекинской породы.

In horse breeding, because of quantitative limit of the genetic resource of many breeds of horses, long-term storage of stallions semen in deep-frozen condition provides obtaining offspring by prominent sires of the original genetic combinations using the “reserve” gene pool alongside avoidance of inbreeding depression and the effect of genetic mutations accompanying the change of generations. In a number of experiments the offspring by the outstanding stallions of the founders of the Akhal-Teke breed foaled in the result of insemination of mares with sperm stored in cryobank in the All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding for 30 years or more. As a rule, offspring, obtained using the semen stored in the cryobank for several decades after the death of the stallion, has better expressed breeding characteristics and is superior to its brothers and sisters by the sire that foaled when it was alive. This method allows to obtain the modern successors of the old lines and the new successor of well-known dam families, which contributes to the effective selection of a unique type of Akhal-Teke horses.
NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR OBTAINING PRODUCTS FROM BLOOD AND FAT OF A HORSE OF YAKUT BREED
Authors: Слободчикова М.Н. , Иванов Р.В. , Васильева В.Т.
Published: July 2024

В статье изложены сведения о крови и жире лошади якутской породы, как о продуктах безотходного использования сырья табунного мясного коневодства. Приводятся результаты исследований новых видов продукции из крови и жира якутской лошади.

The article gives the information on the blood and fat of a horse of Yakut breed, as products of non-waste use of raw of meat herd horse breeding. The results of research of new types of products made from blood and fat of Yakut horses are presented.
Intensity of breeding use of Thoroughbred stallions of different sire lines on example of the North American population
Authors: Акимова А.В. , Коновалова Г.К.
Published: July 2024

Самая большая по численности популяция чистокровной верховой породы сосредоточена в странах Северной Америки, имеющих общую племенную книгу. От того, с какой интенсивностью используются жеребцы-производители, зависит динамика линейной структуры породы. В работе использованы документы первичного племенного учёта и ежегодные отчёты Североамериканского Жокей Клуба (The Jockey Club). Рассмотрена численность поголовья жеребцов и маток чистокровной верховой породы, использовавшихся в чистопородном разведении. Оценена нагрузка на жеребца-производителя в случке. Проанализировано влияние линейной принадлежности на интенсивность племенного использования жеребцов.

The most numerous population of Thoroughbred horses is concentrated in the North American countries with the common Stud Book. The breed improvement and its dynamics directly depend on the intensity of breeding use of stallions. To this paper we used breeding documentation and the annual reports of The Jockey Club. It. was considered the number of Thoroughbred stallions and mares used in breeding. We analyzed the intensity of the stallions use in breeding. It was analyzed the effect of a sire line on intensity of breeding use of stallions.
The state of Mansur line in the Purebred Arabian breed of Russia
Authors: Королева Г.В. , Шемарыкин А. Е. , Халилов Р.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье проанализировано современное состояние линии Мансура в чистокровной арабской породе России. Изучена сочетаемость представителей линии с лошадьми других линий породы. Определены селекционные задачи по совершенствованию линии.

It is given the analyses of the current state of Mansour line in the Purebred Arabian breed of Russia in the article. The compatibility of the line representatives with horses of other lines of the breed is studied. The breeding objectives for the improvement of the line are given.
Ultrasound diagnostics and morphometry of testes in stallions with various reproductive pathologies
Authors: Атрощенко М.М.
Published: July 2024

Проведены исследования семенников у жеребцов методами ультразвуковой диагностики и морфометрии. У 11 жеребцов диагностированы различные патологии половых желез, в том числе односторонний крипторхизм, дегенерация, гипоплазия, гипотрофия и гипертрофия семенников. По данным ультразвуковой диагностики патологии семенников характеризуются значительными изменениями структуры органов. Ультразвуковое исследование является приоритетным методом при диагностике репродуктивных патологий. Все патологии семенников, которые были диагностированы при проведении исследований, характеризовались низким качеством спермы. При двусторонней гипоплазии семенников установлена азооспермия и полное бесплодие жеребца.

Studies of testes in stallions by ultrasound and morphometry methods were carried out. In 11 stallions various diseases of the genital glands were diagnosed, including unilateral cryptorchidism, degeneration, hypoplasia, hypotrophy and hypertrophy of the testes. According to the ultrasound diagnostics, the testicular pathologies are characterized by significant changes in the structure of the organs. Ultrasound is a priority method in the diagnosis of reproductive pathologies. All diseases of testes, which were diagnosed during the studies, resulted in low sperm quality. In stallions with bilateral hypoplasia of testes it was found out azoospermia and infertility.
Testing of performance qualities of Mezenskaya horse breed in history and at present
Authors: Юрьева И.Б. , Вдовина Н.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены результаты испытаний рабочих качеств мезенских лошадей с середины XIX века и по на стоящее время. Подробно описана современная система испытаний, позволяющая выявить лошадей с универсальной работоспособностью. Приведены лучшие показатели по видам испытаний и Абсолютные чемпионы соревнований. Представлена информация об использовании мезенок в других сферах.

There are reported the results of testing of working qualities of horses of Mezenskaya breed from the middle of the XIXth century to nowadays in the article. The current system of testing is given in detail that permits to identify horses of universal performance. The best results in different kinds of tests are given alongside with Absolute Champions. The information on use of Mezenskaya horse breed in other areas is also included.
Concentration of toxic elements in stallions’ sperm plasma of high and low cryoresistance
Authors: Калашников В.В. , Атрощенко М.М. , Зайцев А.М. , Мирошников С.А. , Завьялов О.А. , Фролов А.Н.
Published: July 2024

Проведены исследования по определению в спермоплазме жеребцов содержания токсичных элементов: алюминия (Al), мышьяка (As), кадмия (Cd), свинца (Pb), олова (Sn) и ртути (Hg). Установили, что существует большая индивидуальная вариабельность по содержанию в спермоплазме олова, ртути, кадмия и мышьяка у разных жеребцов. В тоже время концентрация алюминия в спермоплазме у жеребцов находится в достаточно ограниченном интервале. Наибольшее содержание среди токсичных элементов в спермоплазме приходится на долю алюминия, в среднем 0,351 мкг/г, а наименьшее составляет кадмий - 0,0003 мкг/г. У жеребцов с низкой криоустойчивостью сперматозоидов отмечено более высокое содержание в спермоплазме алюминия (в среднем, 0,364+0,045 мкг/г) и мышьяка (0,0028+0,0005 мкг/г). Содержание токсичных элементов в спермоплазме: ртути в концентрации от 0,00018 до 0,0063 мкг/г, олова в концентрации от 0,00025 до 0,0261 мкг/г и кадмия от 0,000024 до 0,00079 мкг/г не оказывает негативного влияния на криоустойчивость сперматозоидов.

Studies have been carried out to determine the content of toxic elements in stallions’ sperm plasma: aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), tin (Sn) and mercury (Hg). It is found out that there is a large individual variability in the content of tin, mercury, cadmium and arsenic in sperm plasma in different stallions. But the concentration of aluminum is in rather limited interval. Among toxic elements aluminum has the highest content (0.351 yg/g average) while cadmium has the lowest - 0.0003 yg/g. It has been observed higher content of aluminum (0.364+0,045 yg/g average) and arsenic (0.0028+0.0005 yg/g) in stallions with low cryostability of spermatozoa. The content of such toxic elements in sperm plasma as Hg in concentrations from 0,00018 to0,0063 yg/g, Sn from 0,00025 to 0.0261 yg/g and Cd from 0,000024 to 0.00079 yg/g doesn’t have negative effect on cryoresistance of spermatozoa.
Formation of Dams’ Families in Novoaltaiskaya Horse Breed
Authors: Никонова А.И. , Гавриш К.А. , Соколов Д.В. , Бордунов А.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье приведен анализ процесса формирования маточных семейств в новоалтайской породе при разведении лошадей в условиях экстенсивного содержания.

It is analized the process of dams’ families formation in Novoaltaiskaya horse breed in conditions of extensive keeping.
THE MAIN ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF HORSE BREEDING FOR SPORT IN YAKUTIA
Authors: Иванов А.И. , Ковешников В.С. , Сергиенко Г.Ф.
Published: July 2024

В статье проанализированы производственные затраты и их структура на двух коневодческих фермах, имеющих 28 и 20 голов лошадей чистокровной верховой породы.

Production and management costs and their structure are analyzed on two horse breeding farms. There are 20 and 28 Thoroughbred horses kept there.
PRODUCTION AND ECONOMIC AND BREEDING EFFICIENCY OF INCREASING MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF YOUNG STOCK OF ZABAIKLALSKAYA HORSE BREED IN THE RESULT OF CROSSBREEDING WITH OTHER BREEDS
Authors: Калашников Р.В. , Базарон Б.З. , Хамируев Т.Н. , Дашинимаев С.М. , Шкуратова Г.М. , Слотина Е.В.
Published: July 2024

Представлены результаты сравнительного изучения химического состава мяса, выхода субпродуктов и мясной продуктивности молодняка лошадей разных генотипов. Исследование проведено в генофондном хозяйстве АКФ им. Ленина Могойтуйского района Забайкальского края на трех группах молодняка: чистопородный забайкальский молодняк, якут-забайкальские жеребчики первого поколения и помеси забайкальских лошадей с представителями русской тяжеловозной породы.

The results of a comparative study of the chemical composition of meat, the output of by-products and meat productivity of young horses of different genotypes are presented. The study was conducted on the basis of the farm name Lenin in Mogotuisky district of Zabaikalsky area. Three groups of young stock were used in the study: pureblood Zabaikalskaya breed, Yakut-Zabaykalian colts of the first generation and crossbreds with Russian Heavy Draft breed.
DISTRIBUTION OF TOXIC AND ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS IN CONTRAST BIOSUBSTRATES OF MILK PRODUCING HORSES
Authors: Калашникова Т.В.
Published: July 2024

Проведено исследование элементного состава биосубстратов лошадей тяжеловозных пород в системе кровь-молоко-шерсть. Определены средние величины обменного пула 6 токсичных и 13-ти эссенциальных элементов в организме лактирующих кобыл. Сравнение концентрации токсичных элементов в различных депо нутриентов лошадей показало достоверную положительную корелляцию с отдельными эссенциальными нутриентами.

The elemental composition of biosubstrates of horses of heavy breeds in the blood-milk-wool system has been studied. The average values of the exchange pool of 7 toxic and 13 essential elements in the body of lactating horses were determined. Comparison of the concentration of toxic elements in various depots of horse nutrients showed reliable positive correlation with individual essential nutrients
VETERINARY AND SANITARY STANDARDS FOR TRANSPORTATION OF GENETIC MATERIAL OF STALLIONS
Authors: Науменкова В.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены ветеринарно-санитарные нормативы, правила и документация, которые необходимо соблюдать при перевозках семени внутри страны и за рубеж.

Veterinary and sanitary standards are reported. There are discussed documents and rules that must be followed when transporting stallions’ semen within the country and abroad.
GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LINES IN HORSES OF THE VLADIMIR BREED
Authors: Блохина Н.В.
Published: July 2024

Проведенные исследования полиморфизма 17-ти панельных микросателлитных локусов в линиях владимирской породы показали, что для них характерен достаточно высокий уровень генетического разнообразия (Ае=2,31-3,52; Но=0,62-0,80). При этом изучаемые линии владимирской породы различались по своей генетической структуре. Генетические профили и генетические дистанции между ними достаточно адекватно отражают специфику селекционного процесса. В породе устойчиво лидирует линия Литого, что может привести к сокращению внутрипородного разнообразия.

Studies of polymorphism of 17 panel microsatellite loci in lines of the Vladimir breed showed rather high level of genetic diversity (Ae = 2.31-3.52; Ho = 0.62-0.80). At the same time, the studied lines of the Vladimir breed differed in their genetic structure. Genetic profiles and genetic distances between them reflect the specifics of selection process accurately enough. The Litoy line is steadily leading in the breed, which can provoke a reduction of intra-breed diversity.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE AND EXTERIOR OF SPORT HORSES (TUVA)
Authors: Монгуш Б.М. , Юлдашбаев Ю.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье дана сравнительная характеристика спортивной работоспособности тувинских и помесных лошадей. Установлено, что средняя резвость помесных лошадей достоверно выше резвости тувинской породы на длинных дистанциях. Выявлено наличие положительной взаимосвязи между некоторыми экстерьерными показателями и спортивной работоспособностью тувинских лошадей.

The article provides a comparative characteristic of sports performance of horses of the Tuva breed and crossbred horses. It has been found that the average speed at long distances of crossbred horses was significantly higher than that of horses of the Tuva breed. The presence of positive relationship between some exterior indices and sport performance of Tuva horses was revealed.
THE CURRENT STATE OF POPULATION OF THE KYRGYZ ABORIGINAL HORSE
Authors: Абдурасулов А.Х. , Токтосунов Б.И.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены характеристики остаточной популяции кыргызской локальной высокогорной лошади в сравнении с состоянием ценной для горных общин породы в начале прошлого столетия. Оценена типичность и численность чистых представителей породы, составлены рекомендации по защите и развитию кыргызской лошади.

The article presents the characteristics of the residual population of Kyrgyz local high-mountain horse in comparison to the state of the breed, which was highly valuable for mountain communities, at the beginning of the last century. The type and number of pure representatives of the breed was evaluated. Recommendations on the protection and development of the Kyrgyz horse were made.
SPEED OF HORSES IN CONNECTION WITH THE ELEMENTAL STATUS OF THEIR BODY
Authors: Калашников В.В. , Калашникова Т.В. , Блохина Н.В. , Дубровская А.Б.
Published: July 2024

Исследовано содержание в волосе гривы лошадей чистокровной верховой породы, проходивших ипподромные испытания в 2018 году, 25 эссенциальных (жизненно необходимых) макро-микроэлементов, а также условно-эссенциальных и токсичных микроэлементов из общего обменного пула химических элементов: Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Se, Zn, B, Li, Ni, Si, Sr, V, Al, As, Cd, Pb, Sn, Hg в связи с резвостью лошадей. Установлена зависимость резвости лошадей от их статуса по уровню накопления химических элементов в волосе гривы. Лошади из группы с содержанием каждого из элементов выше 75% (четвертый квартиль) показали более высокую резвость в сравнении с лошадьми из группы с уровнем содержания каждого из элементов в 25% и ниже (первый квартиль). Из 25 исследованных элементов более высокое содержание 22-х элементов сопрягалось с более высокой резвостью лошадей. Наиболее резвые лошади среди испытан-ных имели повышенное содержание в волосе гривы из эссенциальных макроэлементов K, Mg, Na; из эссенциальных ми-кроэлементов Co, Cr, Cu, Fe; из условно-эссенциальных микроэлементов Li, Ni, Si, Sr; из токсичных элементов - Al, As, Pb.

It was investigated the content of 25 essential (vital) macro-microelements in hair of the Thoroughbred horses’ mane that were hippodrome tested in 2018, as well as conditionally essential and toxic microelements from the common exchange pool of chemical elements: Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Se, Zn, B, Li, Ni, Si, Sr, V, Al, As, Cd, Pb, Sn, Hg in connection with horse speed. It has been established the dependence of speed of horses on their status in terms of accumulation of chemical elements in mane hair. Horses from the group with the content of each of the elements above 75% (the fourth quartile) showed higher time records compared to horses from the group with the content of each element in 25% and lower (the first quartile). Of the 25 elements studied, a higher content of 22 elements was mated with a higher speed of horses. Among the tested the horses with best time records had an increased content in mane hair of the following essential macro elements K, Mg, Na; essential microelements Co, Cr, Cu, Fe; conditionally essential microelements Li, Ni, Si, Sr; toxic elements - Al, As, Pb.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ALLELE POOL OF THE NOVOALTAISKAYA HORSE WITH THE BREEDS INVOLVED IN ITS CREATION
Authors: Блохина Н.В. , Храброва Л.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены результаты сравнительного анализа генетической структуры новоалтайской (n=98), алтайской (n=29), русской тяжеловозной (n=71) и советской тяжеловозной (n=51) пород по 17-ти локусам микросателлитов ДНК: VHL20, HTG4, AHT4, HMS7, HTG6, AHT5, HMS6, ASB23, ASB2, HTG10, HTG7, HMS3, HMS2, ASB17, LEX3, HMS1, CA425. Оценку генетического разнообразия 4 пород лошадей проводили по основным популяционным показателям, включая уровень полиморфности (Ае), степень фактической (Не) и ожидаемой гетерозиготности (Но) и индекс популяционного инбридинга (Fis). Новоалтайская порода лошадей выделялась среди других широким спектром аллелей (Na=146) и уровнем полиморфности (Ае=4,780) микросателлитной ДНК. Сравнительный анализ аллелофонда изучаемых пород лошадей показал, что новоалтайская порода имеет наиболее высокие показатели генетического сходства с алтайской лошадью (0,879) и русским тяжеловозом (0,876).

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of genetic structure of the Novoaltaiskaya (n = 98), Altai (n = 29), Russian Heavy Draft (n = 71) and Soviet Heavy Draft (n = 51) breeds for 17 DNA microsatellite loci: VHL20, HTG4, AHT4, HMS7, HTG6, AHT5, HMS6, ASB23, ASB2, HTG10, HTG7, HMS3, HMS2, ASB17, LEX3, HMS1, CA425. Assessment of genetic diversity of 4 horse breeds was carried out according to the main population indicators including the level of polymorphism (Ae), the degree of actual (He) and expected heterozygosity (Ho), and the population inbreeding index (Fis). The Novoaltaiskaya breed of horses was distinguished among others by a wide range of alleles (Na = 146) and the level of polymorphism (Ae = 4.780) of microsatellite DNA. A comparative analysis of allele pool of the studied horse breeds showed that the Novoaltaiskaya breed has the highest genetic similarities with the Altai horse (0.879) and the Russian Heavy Draft (0.876).
THE STATE OF METABOLIC PROCESSES IN HORSES DURING PASTURE AND WINTER PASTURE GRAZING IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN URAL TECHNOGENIC PROVINCES
Authors: Гертман А.М. , Родионова И.А. , Телегенова А.К.
Published: July 2024

В природно - техногенных провинциях объекты внешней среды содержат высокий уровень токсических элементов, которые в составе кормовых рационов поступают в организм лошадей, аккумулируются в нем и оказывают негативное влияние на гемопоэз и течение всех обменных процессов. Высокое содержание токсических элементов в кормовом рационе является сдерживающим мясную продуктивность фактором в период нагула и откорма лошадей. В условиях техногенеза с целью детоксикации организма в рацион лошадей целесообразно вводить минеральные энтеросорбенты.

In natural and technogenic provinces environmental objects contain a high level of toxic elements, which enter the body of horses with feed; they accumulate and have a negative effect on the hematopoiesis and all metabolic processes. The high content of toxic elements is a factor that restrains meat productivity during the period of feeding and sagination of horses. It is advisable to introduce mineral enterosorbents in the diet of horses as a detoxification therapy under conditions of technogenesis.
INFLUENCE OF ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF SPERM PLASMA ON THE QUALITY OF STALLION’ SPERM
Authors: Калашников В.В. , Атрощенко М.М. , Зайцев А.М. , Мирошников С.А. , Завьялов О.А. , Фролов А.Н.
Published: July 2024

Проведены исследования по определению в спермоплазме у жеребцов (n=39) содержания эссенциальных элементов: кобальта (Co), хрома (Cr), меди (Cu), железа (Fe), йода (I), марганца (Mn), цинка (Zn) и селена (Se) методами атомно-эмиссионной и масс-спектрометрии. Наибольшее содержание среди эссенциальных элементов в спермоплазме приходится на долю цинка, в среднем 2,07±0,12 мкг/г, а наименьшее составляет кобальт - 0,0007±0,0001 мкг/г. В группе жеребцов с высокой криоустойчивостью сперматозоидов отмечено более высокое содержание в спермоплазме меди, в среднем, 0,765±0,092 мкг/г и железа - 1,275±0,176 мкг/г.

Studies have been carried out to determine the content of essential elements in sperm plasma (n = 39) in stallions (n = 39): cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), iodine (I), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn ) and selenium (Se) by atomic emission and mass spectrometry. The largest content among the essential elements in the sperm plasma is zinc, on average 2.07 ± 0.12 μg / g, and the lowest is cobalt - 0.0007 ± 0.0001 μg / g. In the group of stallions with high cryostability of spermatozoa, a higher content in the sperm plasma of copper was, on average, 0.765 ± 0.092 μg / g and iron - 1.275 ± 0.176 μg / g.
Sperm plasma macronutrients effect on quality of stallions’ semen
Authors: Калашников В.В. , Атрощенко М.М. , Зайцев А.М. , Мирошников С.А. , Завьялов О.А. , Фролов А.Н.
Published: July 2024

Проведены исследования по определению в спермоплазме у жеребцов содержания макроэлементов: кальция (Ca), калия (K), магния (Mg), натрия (Na) и фосфора (P) методами атомно-эмиссионной и масс-спектрометрии. В группе жеребцов с высокой прогрессивной подвижностью сперматозоидов отмечено более высокое содержание в спермоплазме натрия, в среднем, 2474,1±94,33 мкг/г и магния - 85,4±11,29 мкг/г, и низкое содержание кальция - 89,1±9,93 мкг/г и калия - 699,7±29,72 мкг/г. Наибольшее содержание среди макроэлементов в спермоплазме приходится на долю натрия, в среднем 68% (458,8±56,38 мкг/г), а наименьшее составляет магний - 2% (8,9±7,33 мкг/г).

Studies have been carried out to determine the content of macroelements in sperm plasma in stallions: calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) and phosphorus (P) by atomic emission and mass spectrometry. In the group of stallions with high progressive sperm motility, there was a higher content of sodium in the sperm plasma, on average, 2474.1 ± 94.33 μg / g and magnesium - 85.4 ± 11.29 μg / g, and a low calcium content - 89, 1 ± 9.93 μg / g and potassium - 699.7 ± 29.72 μg / g. The highest content among macroelements in sperm plasma has sodium, on average 68% (458.8 ± 56.38 μg / g), and the lowest - magnesium - 2% (8.9 ± 7.33 μg / g).
HISTORY AND ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF DOMESTIC SPORTS HORSE BREEDING AND EQUESTRIAN SPORTS
Authors: Киборт М.И. , Николаева А.А. , Филиппова Н.Ю.
Published: July 2024

В современном обществе классический конный спорт стремительно набирает популярность во всем мире и становится драйвером для развития полукровного коннозаводства. В свое время российские конники успешно выступали на самых престижных международных соревнованиях на лошадях отечественных пород. В современной России развитие конного спорта столкнулось с рядом проблем, преодоление которых должно позволить занять ему достойное место как внутри страны, так и за рубежом.

In modern society, classic equestrian sport is rapidly gaining popularity around the world and is becoming a driver for the development of half-breed horse breeding. One time Russian equestrians successfully performed at the most prestigious international competitions on horses of national breeds. In modern Russia, the development of equestrian sport is meeting a number of problems, the overcoming of which should enable it to take its rightful place both domestically and abroad.
MONITORING THE CURRENT STATE OF FEMALE LINES IN THE ORLOV TROTTER BREED
Authors: Рождественская Г.А. , Крешихина В.В.
Published: July 2024

Установлено общее количество женских линий в породе на 01.01. 2018 года, по численности маток они разделены на «суперсемейства», крупные, средние, малые, находящиеся в зоне риска и исчезающие. Установлено получение резвых рысаков и жеребцов-производителей в разных группах женских линий.

The total number of female lines in the breed was established as of 01.01. In 2018, according to the number of brood mares, they are divided into “superfamilies”, large, medium, small, at risk and disappearing. Fast trotters and sires in different groups of female lines was established.
TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTION OF SAUMAL (FRESH MARE’S MILK) IN DRY FORM
Authors: Султанов О.С. , Жикишев Е.К.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены опыт ТОО «ЕвразияИнвест Ltd» по приготовлению саумала (парного кобыльего молока) в сухом виде на промышленной основе в условиях Карагандинской области Республики Казахстан.

The article presents the experience of Eurasia invest LLP in preparing saumal (paired mary’s milk) in dry form on an industrial basis in the conditions of the Karaganda region of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE BREEDING STOCK OF THOROUGHBRED HORSE IN RUSSIA
Authors: Сулейманов О.И. , Адамковская М.В. , Сафронова С.Н.
Published: July 2024

Проведён анализ структуры производящего состава в чистокровной верховой породе за 2010-2017 гг. Изучены некоторые биологические и экономические показатели в сравнении с опытом зарубежных стран.

The analysis of the structure of the breeding stock in the thoroughbred horse breed for 2010-2017 is carried out. Some biological and economic indicators were studied in comparison with the experience of foreign countries.
AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN THE ENDOMETRIUM IN MARES
Authors: Дубровская А.Б.
Published: July 2024

Проведена сравнительная характеристика гистологической структуры эндометрия у циклирующих кобыл молодого (3-8 лет, n=7) и старшего (12-19 лет, n=11) возраста. Выявлены существенные различия между группами, более выраженные в губчатом слое эндометрия. Было показано, что в фазе диэструса у возрастных кобыл диаметр желез эндометрия в три раза шире, чем у молодых (62,1 и 22,5 мкм, соответственно, p<0.001), а количество желез эндометрия у старых кобыл существенно меньше в сравнении с молодыми кобылами (11.0 и 16,5 ед. в поле зрения, соответственно, p<0.01). В гистосрезах эндометрия старых кобыл были обнаружены: кистозное расширение желёз, очаги перегляндулярного фиброза, лимфатические лакуны.

A comparative characteristic of the histological structure of the endometrium in cyclical mares of young (3-8 years, n=7) and older (12-19 years, n=11) age was performed. Significant differences between the groups were found, more pronounced in the spongy layer of the endometrium. It was shown that in the diestrus phase in age-old mares, the diameter of the endometrial glands is three times wider than in young mares (62.1 and 22.5 microns, respectively, p<0.001), and the number of endometrial glands in old mares is significantly less in comparison with young mares (11.0 and 16.5 units in the field of view, respectively, p<0.01). In histological sections of the endometrium of old mares were found: cystic enlargement of the glands, foci of pereglyndular fibrosis, lymphatic lacunae.