bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Durability of Strengthening Wooden Members Using CFRP Sheets
Authors: Lee Ming Ju , Lee Ming Gin , Chiang Chih Hung , Liang Yang Hsin
Published: October 2011

This research is to discuss the durability of retrofit wooden members using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. In order to assure the durability, wooden member specimens wrapped CFRP sheets which were subjected to two different environments including UV and freeze-thaw cycling were tested on surface hardness, compressive strength and flexural strength tests. After the above environment conditions and tests, the evaluation of the effect and the durability of wooden members wrapped with CFRP sheets can be made. Throughout the test, it finally can compare if the wooden members painted two layer resins before wrapping with CFRP will increase the effect of retrofit. Results show that both UV and freeze–thaw tests didn’t cause CFRP obvious degradation to hardness index, compressive or flexural strength. After environment test, it shows good bonding between wooden members and CFRP. The painting epoxy resin quantity of CFRP composites is a decisive factor in successful application as repaired wooden members.
Properties of Dry-Mortar with Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Powder of Crushed Clay Bricks
Authors: Xue Jian Hua , Li Xiao Guang , Liu Yun Xiao , Du Qiang
Published: October 2011

Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and crushed clay bricks (CCB) have been increasingly researched and used in past two decades. However, studies focusing on the properties of dry-mortar with RCA and CCB are very limited. In this research, results from physical and mechanical properties of recycled mortar with fine recycled aggregate (FRA), fine recycled powder (FRP) and crushed clay brick (CCB) were secured. It is shown that sinking degree of FRA mortar can be adjusted in the range of 70-90mm and their water-maintainability is superior to natural sand mortar. However, compressive strength of FRA mortar at various ages decrease, compared to natural sand mortar under the condition of same mixed proportion. Compressive strength of FRA mortar is above 5.0MPa with mass ratio of aggregate to cement lower than 6.0.Workability of FRP and CCB mortar is similar to fly ash mortar and their apparent densities are under the 2.0g/cm3. Compressive strength of FRP and CCB mortar is near to 8.5 MPa at 28 days of age.
Study on Deformation Characteristics of Deep Foundation Pit in Unsaturated Soil
Authors: Cao Hai Ying , Jia Dian Bo , Chen Tie Jun
Published: October 2011

Based on the necessary relationship between the strength and the water content of unsaturated soil, combined with real foundation pit in unsaturated soil, firstly, physical and mechanical parameters of soil samples with different water content are obtained through triaxial test. Secondly, the computation model is built by using PLAXIS, and numerical analyses of deformation characteristic in deep foundation pit are performed, then, the relation curves between water content and deformation values are plotted, which include ground deformation, support pile deformation and upheaval deformation at pit bottom, meanwhile, the influence laws of soil water content on deformation characteristic are summed up. The case study show that soil water content is a key influence factor for deformation characteristic of deep foundation pit in unsaturated soil, and the research results have some theoretical meaning and practical value for design and construction of deep foundation pit.
Fractal Analysis on Microstructure Characteristics of Concrete Materials
Authors: Tang Ming , Liu Hong Liang , Li Jing Qi , Chen Ning
Published: October 2011

The fractal characteristics of concrete materials microstructure are analyzed with fractal theory. The fractal dimension of concrete materials microstructure in the different conditions are tested and counted by code and box Dimension. The result shows that the fractal characteristics of concrete materials microstructures are highly notable, as interface of cement clinker mineral, dispersed state of unhydrated cement particles, crack of hardened cement paste, hydration product and pore structure of hydrated cement paste section. Proving it is effective to measure surface of cement clinker mineral, figures of hydration C-S-H grains and outlines, pore structure of concrete section. Using box dimension is effective to test microcracks and pore structure of section of motor samples and fiber-hydrate. In the course of fractal analysis, the dimensions of fractal are bigger than their topologic dimension, and they are smaller than their space dimension, they are keeping with the fractal theory.
Research and Usage of Solid Cleanser for Floor Heating Pipe
Authors: Liu Yue Xian , Zhang Nan Zhe
Published: October 2011

A and B two-component solid chemical cleanser was prepared in order to clean the fouling in floor heating pipe effectively. In stated cleaning conditions, the fouling removal rate of this cleanser was greater than 97%, cast iron corrosion rate was much lower than 6 g/(m2•h) and brass corrosion rate was much lower than 2 g/(m2•h). The cleanser is solid, so its storage and transportation are convenient and its usage is easy and safe.
Resistance to Carbonation of Concrete Treated by Superabsorbent Resin Synthesized In Situ
Authors: Song Xue Feng , He Ting Shu
Published: October 2011

Carbonation is one of the key factors that result in the corrosion of the reinforcing steel embedded in concrete. In this work, a novel method to improve the resistance to carbonation of concrete was presented, i.e. the surface of the concrete specimens were treated by Super-absorbent resin (SAR) synthesized in situ, the prepolymer solution of poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) with initiator and crosslinker was impregnated in the capillary-pores of concrete, then the acrylic acid and acrylamide copolymer by self-crosslingking under the initiator to synthesize SAR of poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide). The backbone of SAR is characterized by FTIR spectrum; the resistance to carbonation of the concrete with and without treatment by SAR was studied and the carbonation depth of concrete after the accelerated carbonation testing was measured. The results show that the concrete specimens treated with SAR have higher resistance to carbonation than that of the blank concrete specimens due to the synthesized SAR being swollen after absorbing water, filling the capillary-pores of concrete and reducing the ingress of CO2 and H2O.
Research on the Variation of pH Value of the Ordinary Concrete and Fly Ash Concrete in the Carbonation Process
Authors: Qi Guang Zheng , Niu Di Tao , Yuan Cheng Fang , Duan Fu Zhen
Published: October 2011

The accelerated carbonation test was carried out for the ordinary concrete and fly ash concrete. Influences of water-cement ratio, carbonation age and fly ash content on pH value were researched. The results show that carbonation depth, including incomplete carbonized zone, can be effectively reduced by reducing water-cement ratio. So lower water-cement ratio means high performance of resistance of carbonate. The use of fly ash can optimize concrete pore morphology, it’s beneficial for anti-carbonation. However, It disadvantageous to anti-carbonation because of less carbonation material. By taking appropriate mixture of fly ash we can not only enhance the anti-carbonation ability of concrete, but also reduce the use of cement to get well economic benefits.
A Flexure-Shear Coupling Fiber-Section Model for the Cyclic Behavior of R/C Rectangular Hollow Section Bridge Piers
Authors: Li Ning , Li Zhong Xian , Xie Li Li
Published: October 2011

Reinforced concrete (R/C) bridge pier with hollow section may undergo strongly nonlinear responses when subjecting severe earthquakes. The pier may perform flexure-shear coupling behavior, especially for the thin wall of the hollow section. Some simulation models accounting flexure-axial coupled effects were proposed, however, few simulation model is proposed for R/C hollow section bridge piers mainly impacted by the flexure-shear coupling. In this paper a beam-column element accounting for flexure-shear effect is presented. The mathematical theory for this element is flexibility-based formulation, and the section constructed by fibers can be treated as any kind of bi-axial materials. The cyclic soften membrane model (CSMM) constitutive relationship for plane bi-axial R/C components is used in the determination of the nonlinear behavior. Two cyclic pushover experiments were carried on scaled hollow section piers. The results deduced from the numerical model is compared with the experiment result. This fiber-based model provides sufficient accuracy and computational efficiency. The model has been implemented into the finite element program, OpenSees. And further researches will focus on the flexure-shear induced damage and collapse for bridge structures.
Structural Innovation and Form Expression for New-Type Large-Span Timber Building
Authors: Wang Zhao Xia , Zong De Xin
Published: October 2011

Promoted by modern material and construction technology, various ingenious structural forms are created with wide use of glued-laminated timber in large-span building. On the analysis of some classical cases for large-span timber structure, this paper expounds the design thoughts and technical features of employing structure as the main body of building space form and presents the idea of integrating large-span timber structural innovation with the spatial forms.
A Nonlinear Numerical Analysis of Vertical Bearing Behavior of Bored Pile Foundations Including Defective Piles with Stem Shrinkage
Authors: Wang Cheng Hua , An Jian Guo
Published: October 2011

In order to investigate the influence of the defective piles with stem shrinkage on the working behavior of pile foundations under vertical loadings, a numerical model was set up for the analysis of pile foundations. A series of contrastive analyses were made to a group piled foundations including a pile with defect of stem shrinkage in a shallow or a deeper depth and a pile foundation with normal piles with a three dimensional nonlinear finite-infinite element method. The basic working behavior of the pile foundation with a defective pile of stem shrinkage was initially revealed by the results of the analyses; and the basic rules of the affects of pile stem shrinkage defect on the distribution of axial forces among piles and the bending moments in pile caps were obtained. The results of this research are not only helpful for the understanding and rational judgment of the working mechanism, but also of practical importance in the assessment of the bearing behavior of pile foundations including defective piles with stem shrinkage and in the structural designs of piles and pile caps.
Study on Relation between Architectural Form and Structure
Authors: Guo Chun Yan , Wei Da Ke , Guo Chun Ying
Published: October 2011

Multiple longitudinal unified times are spread out laterally by this paper through analysis on ancient Greek temples, ancient Romanesque arched architecture, Gothic churches, domed architecture and other western classical architectural forms in various historical periods, and five types of relations between architectural forms and structures are found out through summarization in combination with contemporary technological characteristics. The conclusion is that harmonic coexistence of technology and art can be truly achieved through architectural form creation on basis of respect to the laws of structural science and through active cooperation between architects and structural engineers.
The Finite Element Analysis of the Excavation on Adjacent Buildings Based on Mohr Coulomb Model
Authors: Zhang Dong Dong , Zhou Jun Feng , Zhang Wei Guo , Zhu Cheng Bing , Sun Rui Rui , Ji Li Jun , Wu Ze Xian
Published: October 2011

The design and practice of a deep excavation in shanghai was presented. The FEM based on Mohr coulomb Model was adopted to analyze the deformation of the excavation and its effect on adjacent buildings. This method gives good prediction of both the deformation of the soil retaining structures and the settlement of the soils behind the wall after comparing with measured datas. Meanwhile, the method is suitable to deformation analysis of sensitive environment circumstance.
Study on Long-Period Inelastic Spectra of near-Fault Pulse-Like Strong Ground Modeled Using Analytical Model
Authors: Li Chun Feng , Tian Wei Xin , Lin Zhuo
Published: October 2011

Because the parameters of Mavroeidis analytical model of pulse-like strong ground motion have an unambiguous physical meaning, the analytical model has been calibrated using a large number of actual near-field ground-motion records, and It can successfully simulate available near-fault pulse-like acceleration time histories, in this paper, we synthesize ground motions using the model to investigate elasto-plastic earthquake responses of long period single-degree-of-freedom system to the pulse-like ground motions, revealing the elasto-plastic long-period ground motion characteristics of pulse-like ground motion.
Soil - Structure Interaction Effects on the Bridge Isolation System
Authors: Liu Hai Qing , Wang Ya Bing
Published: October 2011

Isolation technology has been applied to bridges more than before, and soil-structure interaction on structural system is gradually attracted people's attention, but combine the two is also considered very few especially in the bridge. In this paper, we combine the two cases, and set up 3-D model by ANSYS, do comparative analysis in three cases. The first is no bearing and no soil-structure interaction, the second is with laminated rubber bearing but not considering the soil - structure interaction, and the last one is considering both laminated rubber bearing and soil - structure interaction. Ultimately it proves that soil - structure interaction on the structure does produce effects what can not be ignored.
Comparison to Back Analysis Method for Thermal Conductivity of Rcc
Authors: Xing Zhen Xian , Zhao Yu Qing
Published: October 2011

The back analysis principle and method for thermal conductivity of RCC is introduced in this paper, and a Jiang Ya RCC dam is cited as a building example , on the basis of prototype temperature data of dam, the mathematic model by Difference principle is founded, the thermal conductivity of RCC is obtained. The result is similar to the data which is received in the laboratory. The back analysis is proved credible. The back analysis for thermal conductivity, on the one hand, actual safety of the completed projects could be evaluated; on the other hand, the design and construction in progress may be optimized. the scientific foundation for optimizing the design and monitoring the running of dam is provided. And it is provided with some scientific value and practical significance.
The Experimental Study of New-Type Water-Cooling PV/T Collector
Authors: Li Ning Jun , Quan Zhen Hua , Zhao Yao Hua , Guo Na Na
Published: October 2011

A new photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system based on the micro plate heat pipe is established in this paper, and the experimental study is conducted for nature convection, forced circulation cooling and common PV module. the experiment carried out on May showed that the highest temperature were 50°C and 52°C respectively for nature convection and forced circulation cooling module, the daily average electrical efficiency were relatively increased by 13.1% and 6.1% than common PV modules, the total efficiency ηo reached 54.2% and 50.3%, and the primary-energy saving rate were 73.1% and 68%.the result indicates that in the new PV/T system the temperature of the PV modules is reduced, the electrical efficiency is keeping at a high level, and the waste heat can be made good use to get hot water, therefore the solar energy utilization efficiency was raised greatly.
Study on the Local Buckling Behavior of Steel Equal Angle Members under Axial Compression with the Steel Strength Variation
Authors: Shi Gang , Liu Zhao , Zhang Yong , Shi Yong Jiu , Wang Yuan Qing
Published: October 2011

High strength steel sections have been increasingly used in buildings and bridges, and steel angles have also been widely used in many steel structures, especially in transmission towers and long span trusses. However, high strength steel exhibits mechanical properties that are quite different from ordinary strength steel, and hence, the local buckling behavior of steel equal angle members under axial compression varies with the steel strength. However, there is a lack of research on the relationship of the local buckling behavior of steel equal angle members under axial compression with the steel strength. A finite element model is developed in this paper to analyze the local buckling behavior of steel equal angle members under axial compression, and study its relationship with the steel strength and the width-to-thickness ratio of the angle leg. The finite element analysis (FEA) results are compared with the corresponding design method in the American code AISC 360-05, which provides a reference for the related design.
Residual Strength of Super High Strength Concrete Used Stone-Chip after Exposure to High Temperatures
Authors: Chen Guo Can , Xu Zhi Sheng , Tang Wei Hong
Published: October 2011

This paper presents the results of experimental studies on the residual compressive strength of concrete produced with stone-chip as fine aggregates with the compressive strengths of unheated specimen ranging from 45.8 to 129.5MPa after exposure to high temperatures and the experimental parameters being the temperature, admixtures, and PP fiber. Specimens were heated in an electric furnace for 4h to high temperatures ranging from 150 to 960°C. Experimental results showed that the compressive strengths of super high strength concrete used stone-chip (abbreviated to SHSCUS) and normal strength concrete used stone-chip (abbreviated to NSCUS) after exposure to elevated temperatures changed in the manners different from that of normal strength concrete, which reached their peak at about 400°C, and the presence of pp ﬁbers in SHSCUS concrete could reduce the risk of spalling at the high temperatures and the peak value after fire.
Influence of Berm Number on Safety Factor of Tailings Dam
Authors: Song Chuan Wang , Yu Guang Ming , Wang Pei Shou
Published: October 2011

Tailings dam safety has always been an important research field of geotechnical engineering world, and research on safety factor of dam is an important indicator of stability of tailings dams. In this paper assumed that Sweden arc method and simplified Bishop method were used to analyze influence of berm number on safety factor of tailings dam in some condition. Results showed that change of berm number had an impact on total safety factor of dam; Impact of change of berm number on safety factors was also different at different intervals. The influence analysis of changes of berm number on safety factor of dam had directive significance for design and construction on site.
Seepage Analysis for Dashiban Landslide Applied Multi-Day Rainstorm once in Fifty Years
Authors: Feng Qiang
Published: October 2011

Saturated and unsaturated seepage analysises are given for Dashiban Landslide applied multi-day rainstorm once in fifty years including three day and five day and seven day rainstorm. The impaction of rainstorm on the stability of landslide is discussed.
Finite-Element Calculation for Thermal Stresses of Concrete Lining in Deep Alluvium Freezing Shaft
Authors: Li Ming Jing , Cheng Hua , Rong Chuan Xin
Published: October 2011

The inner and outer surfaces of concrete lining in deep alluvium freezing shaft are exposed to different temperatures, taking the hydration heat of cement for pyrogen. Additional stresses are therefore observed in concrete lining, owing to its marked temperature drop at early ages. This paper makes a numerical calculation of the temperature and the thermal stress on freezing shaft lining by finite element methods and engineering monitoring. The results reveal that the concrete of shaft lining has a high heat-release rate in the early age. And the time when shaft lining reaches its maximum temperature is 4 days earlier than it reaches its maximum thermal tension stresses. At the time of one day after the shaft lining pouring, the inner and outer surface of shaft lining will crack owing to its hoop tension strain is greater than ultimate tension strain. The crack of concrete will increase with the modifications of temperature.
HPFL Strip Strengthening Method for Masonry Structure
Authors: Shang Shou Ping , Shen Rong
Published: October 2011

Due to the various advantages, e.g. low cost, simple construction and high reliability, the HPFL strip reinforcement technique has been widely used in the field of civil engineering. A survey of related literatures on the research and application of the HPFL strip reinforcement technique for Masonry structures were shown in this paper. The HPFL strip reinforcement technique can significantly improve the properties of the wall, e.g. the aseismatic capacity, shear resistant strength, ductility, energy dissipation. Moreover, based on the real engineering structures, the specific design and construction method were presented in this paper.
Study on the Simulation of Electric Heating Phase Change Floor System
Authors: Li Jian , He Jia Peng
Published: October 2011

Establishing a kind of electric heating system of phase change floor, analysing the stability and comfort through the simulation. Choosing the phase change materials, which the phase transition temperature is 29°C and the latent heat is 188 kJ/kg. The phase change materials used in electric heating floor heating system, comparing the general electric heating floor system, Calculating the floor surface temperature and indoor air temperature. It turned out that the heat storage of phase change floor system will be well, when compared to the common system, indoor temperature changes gently, human comfort higher. Phase change materials stores the cheap electricalheatenergy, and releases during daytime, So as to realize energy conservation and economy .
The Investigation of Residential Energy Consumption in Rural Areas Surrounding the Xi'an City
Authors: He Mei , Guo Hua , Wu Jin , Zhang Xin
Published: October 2011

The main purpose that should be put in the first place on residential constructions in the rural areas is how to guide the consumers to build residential buildings that are energy effective, comfortable, cost effective, and with construction techniques that are appropriate for the local conditions. Before investigating residential buildings that are suitable for local conditions, we have to discover the local economic status and their living habit in depth. This article puts emphasis on to survey the relationship between dwelling habits and energy consumption in the rural areas, also, space heating and cooling method, the use of solar energy, marsh gas and any other renewable sources of energy, as well as the thermal environment of residential buildings are investigated and analyzed. we conclude that, in the rim of Xi'an city, most of the fuel sources for space heating in winter used in the rural areas are fireweed and cornstock. Most of the energy sources are crops waste materials that are not environmental friendly, thus, it's necessary to popularize the use of solar energy and marsh gas.
Performance of Air Cooled Heat Pump Air Conditioner with Natural Refrigerant R1270 and R290 to Replace R22
Authors: Chen Jian Bo , Li He , Xi Ling
Published: October 2011

A natural and environment friendly refrigerant propylene and propane are proposed as the substitute of R22 in air conditioner. The experiments were respectively conducted on an existing enthalpy potential lab. Refrigerant charge was held at the constant superheat condition. It is founded that the cooling capacity of R1270 was 96% of R22 system while the R290 was 92% of R22 system, but the COP bother higher than the former system, the refrigerant charge of R1270 was reduced 56.8% of R22 while R290 was 58.4%. With the condensing temperature increased, the system’s cooling capacity is gradually reduced, the cooling capacity of R1270 and R290 are decreased faster than R22, this indicate that R1270 can improve the running performance of system and has more advantages than R290 as substitute for R22, if do some improvement to the original system, can obtain a better results.
Analysis of Building Renewable Energy Use of Suitability
Authors: Yu Xiao Ping , Fu Xiang Zhao
Published: October 2011

Renewable energy use in buildings is a worldwide problem, especially in China; it is under developed and begins very late, so research on BRE suitability for technological theory in buildings is a pressed problem. In this paper, a new understanding for building suitable technology with BEE is put forward and the character of suitability is emphasized with BRE consumption process. In order to improve the energy efficiency suitable technology theory, to produce more suitable environment of human settlements as well, suitability technology theory should be established by regional architecture view. The key to establish firmly building suitable technology theory of energy efficiency is how to exploit the local natural conditions and stick to the requirements for the harmony of human being with environment; this paper sets up the preliminary system frame taking solar energy as an example.
The Influence of Natural Ventilation to the Thermal and Moisture Environment in a Passive Greenhouse
Authors: Zhang Lin Hua , Chang Li Na
Published: October 2011

The temperature and humidity profiles in spatial and temporal field inside the greenhouse are coupled to outside climates. Took a typical soil-walled passive greenhouse located in Jinan, Shandong, China as an example, an unsteady tri-dimensional numerical simulation was applied to solve the temperature and humidity profiles under natural ventilation conditions inside the greenhouse, based on the CFD program. The measurement was carried out to validate the CFD model, the results showed that the special temperature and humidity gradient were obvious inside the greenhouse, a homogeneous temperature and humidity field was obtained at crop level. The simulation results agree well with test values about the temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse with fitting degree of 99.8% and 99.7%, respectively. With high reliability, the model can be used as the basis to predict and control the environment inside the greenhouse. Greenhouse with natural ventilation under different wind conditions was simulated on a typical sunny day to predict the distribution of air flow, temperature and humidity field. By analyzing, some useful conclusions which can provide certain basis about the influence of natural ventilation on the thermal and moisture environment are deduced.
Experimental Study of a Vertical Channel Solar Chimney with Uniform Heat Flux for Natural Ventilation in Buildings
Authors: Jing Hai Wei , Li An Gui
Published: October 2011

A experimentally study has been carried out to predict airflow rate, temperature field and velocity field for different chimney gap and heat flux. Results showed that, for veritical solar chimney,there is an optimum ratio of chimney width-to height to achieve a maximum airflow rate. The optimum ratio is about 1：2. Meanwhile,temperature and velocity field of solar chimney channel were analyzed. The air temperature and the velocity approaching to the surface of the heated wall are higher than that away from the surface of the heated wall.
Research on the Coupling Airflows between Subway Piston Wind and Platform Jet with Liquid Scale Model Test
Authors: Wang Li Hui , Liu Jia Ni , Tang Dao Fa , Shen Li , Luo Cheng
Published: October 2011

The liquid scale model test is set up to research on the velocity characteristics of coupling airflows between subway piston wind and platform air jet. Model test and prototype meet the dynamic similarity. Piston wind variation rules on the test are validated with previous conclusions. The coupling airflows trajectory is closer to the horizontal direction with increasing piston wind. Under the constant air supply, the coupling velocities of measuring points increase with piston wind growing. The piston wind has more obvious influence on the coupling airflows than air jet.
Numerical Study on Convention Island Building Energy Consumption of Nuclear Power Station
Authors: Zhang Nan , Li Qiong , Meng Qing Lin
Published: October 2011

The DeST is used to simulate the convention island building energy consumption of nuclear power station under different operating modes and building performance. Changing the operating mode is found to be an effective way to save the energy consumption of nuclear power station. The annual accumulative cool load will decrease 12% when the air conditioning operating temperature is changes from 35°C to 40°C in the season when air conditioning is used. And the annual accumulative cool load will decrease 5% when the air change rate increases 1 times/h in the season when mechanical ventilation is used.
Study on the Integrated Design of Underground Construction Lighting and Ventilation System
Authors: Feng Wei , Li Hui Min
Published: October 2011

In the underground building, Light environment and thermal environment is poorer, in order to improve the problem, this paper brings forward a new type of lighting and ventilation system model; discusses the principle and characteristics of transmission; and analyses the question that influences lighting and ventilated effect in the application. Structure design and numerical simulation is the focus of the next step.
Research on the Variable Static Pressure Control Used Iterative Algorithm in a VAV System
Authors: Jiang Hong Mei , Ren Qing Chang , Bai Yan
Published: October 2011

In a VAV system the static pressure can be reseted based on the change of load. At low load conditions the duct static pressure can be adjusted lower, that make VAV terminal air valves in large opening as far as possible.And lower fan outlet pressure can effectively reduce fan energy consumption. This paper presents a method using iterative algorithm to control the fan frequency. It can improve the dynamic quality of the control system. Satisfying the requirements under lower static pressure so as to achieve the purpose of energy-saving.
Study on the Structural Properties of Steel Reinforced CRC Beam-Cracking Resistance
Authors: Guo Hong Mei , Zhu Han
Published: October 2011

In recent years, there has been mounting interest in the use of recyled tire rubbers in engineering construction. Crumb rubber concrete (CRC) is made by adding rubber crumbs into conventional concrete. As a new kind of concrete material of energy saving and environment protecting, CRC has many advantages such as lower Young’s modulus, high damp modulus, large deformation, better depleting energy and perfect ability of holding back crack. The research about it at home and abroad mainly focuses on the basic material properties. But, studies on structural behavior of steel reinforced CRC for structure were seldom reported. This paper, based on the existing experiments, analyzed the cracking resistance of steel reinforced CRC beam under static load, and deduced a new crack-resistant moment formula. The calculating results using this formula have good agreement with the experimental results obtained by other researchers. The study shows that the steel reinforced CRC can effectively improve the cracking resistance of structure.
Treatment of Low-Temperature and Low-Turbidity Water Using Modified Active Silica Acid
Authors: Xu Jing , Zhang Xin , Ma Yao Guang
Published: October 2011

Difficult for low turbidity water treatment, the treated not reached the drinking water quality standards, the beaker coagulation has been set. In this experiment, the removal effects of low-temperature and low-turbidity water were investigated by using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and modified active silicic acid. The results indicated that individual addition PAC turbidity removal rate was less than 80%. While adding 67 mg /L PAC and stirring 9-13min, then adding 20 ml /L modified active silica acid of 5% sodium silicate solution and 0.1% polyacrylamide solution with volume ratio of 15:1 and standing 5 min, the coagulant effect was the best and the turbidity removal rate was more than 90%. The optimizing keep time for modified active silica acid was 24 h.
The Investment Management with Global Optimization for Rural Domestic Biogas
Authors: Qin Da Hui , An Jin Yu
Published: October 2011

At present, the rural distribution includes Dispersed Type (DT) and Residential type (RT). In this paper, the structure system of investment management with global optimization was suggested to resolve drawbacks caused by conventional-style biogas investment management mode. The Investment Management with Global Optimization consists of four modules: examination content optimization (ECO), follow-up service content optimizing (FSCO), start optimizing (SO), consolidate optimization (CO). Four modules work coordinately to promote household biogas will be Efficient, sustainable and stable development. Finally, an example is described in detail to show the organizational structure of global optimization and its operation modes.
Research on Yellow River Water Purification Using the Combined Process Containing Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed Ozone-Activated Carbon-Sand Filtration Treatment
Authors: Liu Jian Guang , Liu Hui , Li Kai , Feng Meng Meng , Han Li Chao
Published: October 2011

By changing the hydrogen peroxide and ozone dosage,the best dosage of hydrogen peroxide to catalyzed ozone- activated carbon-sand filtration process in purify Yellow River Water was found. When the same amount of hydrogen peroxide is filled into the three-level Ozone oxidation column, the combined process’s effect is best.The removal rates of TOC,UV254,CODMn,Turbidity are 27.72%,58.66%,43.30% and 84.90%,the organic content is reduced in a large extent and the finished water quality is improved.
The Influence of Dipeptide Composition on Protein Folding Rates
Authors: Guo Jian Xiu , Rao Ni Ni
Published: October 2011

Understanding the relationship between amino acid sequences and folding rates of proteins is an important challenge in computational and molecular biology. All existing algorithms for predicting protein folding rates have never taken into account the sequence coupling effects. In this work, a novel algorithm was developed for predicting the protein folding rates from amino acid sequences. The prediction was achieved on the basis of dipeptide composition, in which the sequence coupling effects are explicitly included through a series of conditional probability elements. Based on a non-redundant dataset of 99 proteins, the proposed method was found to provide an excellent agreement between the predicted and experimental folding rates of proteins when evaluated with the jackknife test. The correlation coefficient was 87.7% and the standard error was 2.04, which indicated the important contribution from sequence coupling effects to the determination of protein folding rates.
Numerical Modelling of the THM Behaviour of Underground Radioactive Waste Storages Cell
Authors: Qiu Xiu Mei , Bian Han Bing
Published: October 2011

In this paper, a storage cell for the high level radioactive wastes is studied in order to identify and demonstrate the coupled phenomena evolving in the high level radioactive wastes (HLW) storage. According to the various important processes in the storage structures, special attention is paid on the coupling elastoplastic and viscoplastic damage processes in short and long term. In the calculations, the complicated thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling process has been taken into consideration. These numerical calculations allow us to obtain some quantitative results describing the mechanical behaviour and coupling thermo-hydro-mechanical processes for a short-and long-term in the storage cell.
Dynamic Stability of Large-Span Suspen-Domessubjected to Seismic Excitations
Authors: Liu Hui Juan , Yang Lu Feng , Luo Yong Feng
Published: October 2011

Dynamic stability of suspen-domes is analyzed in the paper. Theoretical investigation is conducted based on the Lypumov dynamic stability theory. Based on B-R criterion, an improved method to evaluate the dynamic stability of suspen-domes is proposed. According to the method and time-history response curves, the dynamic stability of the suspen-domes is evaluated under horizontal seismic excitations. The dynamic stability characteristics, stability mode and cable mechanical behavior of the suspen-domes with different rise-span ratios are analyzed. The results show that the effect of the rise-span ratios on the dynamic stability is different. When the exciting acceleration approaches the critical point, some cables may relax, but they may be tensed again.
Study on Grouting Pressure of Splitting Grouting Based on Cylindrical Expansion Considering Large Strain
Authors: Wu Ke , Ma Ming Yue , Hao Dong Xue
Published: October 2011

Anti-seepage reinforcement technology of splitting grouting to improve the stability of dam, has been an effective reinforcement method in the field of dam reinforcement. Based on the extended SMP criterion and stress-dilatancy relation considering large strain, the governing equations of axisymmetric problem in the plane strain condition and the partial differential equations for the boundary-value problem of cavity expansion in frictional cohesive soils were established. Then, the early phase of splitting grouting is regarded as the plane strain question of cylindrical expansion infinite soil. Under initial grouting pressure, the soil body was supposed as ideal elastic mass. However, the soil body was supposed to generate plastic damage considering large strain with the increase of grouting pressure and submit the extended spatial mobilization plane theory. Solutions of radial and hoop stresses and strains around the grouting cavity were obtained by recursive computations. Furthermore, the influence of damage softening parameter, cohesion and friction angle was examined by a parametric study.
The Study about Hole Distance Calculating Method of Wide-Space Bench Blasting
Authors: Dai Shu Lin , Cheng Yan
Published: October 2011

The technology of wide-space bench blasting has been more and more applied to blasting engineerings of conservancy, hydropower, mining, highway and railway, but at the stage the design of hole distance of wide-space bench blasting is mainly used analogy method and site testing method, there is no precise calculation formula for reference. According to this situation, this paper puts forward the calculation formula of hole distance, which is based on the analysis of the physical process of rock destroyed by blasting, and combined with engineering examples of wide-space blasting at home and abroad, compares the hole distance that is calculated by formula with the hole distance adopted by practical engineerings that have received good blasting results ,the degree of match between the two is over 95%, remedying the defects of the study how to calculat hole distance of wide-space blasting.
Seismic Behaviors of an Upper Deck Type Steel Arch Bridge
Authors: Niu Yan Wei , Yamao Toshitaka
Published: October 2011

The static and dynamic behavior of an upper deck type steel arch bridge was demonstrated. During the static analysis, both material and geometric nonlinear was considered based on finite element (FE) method. In-plane fault displacement case and out-off-plane fault displacement case were compared. During dynamic analysis, the model was modified and simplified firstly, and then the natural modals and the characteristics of the mode shape were analyzed. Both the in-plane seismic input case and out-off-plane seismic input case were analyzed. The different yielding process of members including main ribs, chord and columns were represented, and the possible damaged parts of the bridge were analyzed either.
The Prediction of High-Speed Landslide Movement and Simulation of Generated Impulsive Wave by SPH Method
Authors: Miao Ji Lun , Chen Jing Qiu , Wen Cen
Published: October 2011

A sliding block model is developed for predicting the runout of high-speed landslides, which couple with SPH method (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) to simulate impulse wave. This model adopts the limit equilibrium analysis approach to simulate the whole travel process of the soil mass from the onset of the landslide. The submarine landslide produces highly unsteady and rapidly varied flows, so it was very complicated by fixed grid numerical simulations. The SPH method is a meshfree particle-based Lagrangian method. A sample test is given which shows the impulsive waves generated by high-speed landslide can be reproduced well.
Study on Limestone Uniaxial Compression Creep Test with Chemistry–Mechanics Coupling Action
Authors: Jiang An Nan , Jiang Shu Ai
Published: October 2011

Considering the erosion effect of underground water deteriorate the micro structure of rock which results in the time effect of rock deform, the paper developed a uniaxial compression equipment for rock creep under chemical and stress coupling action. It adopts good corrosion prevention design, can conveniently test the rock uniaxial compression creep effect with erosion. Take limestone as study object, the paper carried out uniaxial compression creep tests with different PH environment. Compared the results of different tests and found that limestone has obvious creep effect in acid solution, the smaller the PH value is, the greater the creep deform is. For the same test specimen, the creep deform of primary stage is larger than that of later stage. In each level load, the creep velocity decreases along with the time increasing. Analyzed result shows that the equipment has provided basement for studying the rock creep mechanism with chemistry and stress interaction.
Study on Soil Improvement Technology of EPBS Tunnel
Authors: Wang Gui He , Yang Yu You
Published: October 2011

The tunnel construction often encounters the problem of adaptability of sand-gravel formation and earth pressure balance shield (EPBS) construction, which has brought new technical problems and challenges to those who are participating in the construction project. In order to ensure the normal operation of shield construction, the soil must have ideal plasticity and liquidity, and low permeability to intercept groundwater. Therefore, we must adopt the soil improvement techniques ,namely, to inject the modified materials (mud, foam, polymer, etc.) into excavation face and earth pressure tank(if necessary, to the screw conveyor) to ensure the stability of excavation face, achieve EPBS driving, and help to reduce mechanical load, reduce land subsidence, and increase driving speed at the same time. The ground improvement technique is an important part of the EPBS method. The quality of the application of soil improvement technology is very important to maintain the stability of excavation face and the screw dump device’s dumping smoothly. It also has a significant impact on the shield machine’s functioning safely,economically and efficiently.
Multi-Phase Explosion Detonation and JWL EOS Parameters Numerical Calculation
Authors: Ning He , Qi Zhang
Published: October 2011

According to the chemical balance and the minimum free energy principle calculate explosive products and Detonation parameters, and then BKW equation was utilized to calculate JWL EOS parameters. Visualization software of Detonation and JWL EOS parameters was development, which was provided with favorable user interface. The calculation results and experimental data were basically consistent. The paper solved the bottleneck problems regarding the technology of numerical simulation of dynamic response and damage effect of Multi-phase explosion of explosive hazard sources.
Alumina Supported Ni-Mg-La Tri-Metallic Catalysts for Toluene Steam Reforming as a Biomass Gasification Tar Model Compound
Authors: Thassanaprichayanont S. , Atong Duangduen , Sricharoenchaikul Viboon
Published: October 2011

The steam reforming of toluene as a model compound of biomass gasification tar was carried out over Mg and La oxide-promoted Ni-metal oxide/Al2O3 catalysts. Catalysts were prepared by two different methods, co- and sequential impregnation. The findings indicate that conversion of gas products was improved with the use of prepared catalysts especially on syn-gas (H2 and CO) species and the highest conversions were obtained at the reaction temperature of 800°C. LHV’s of product gas when using catalysts at 800°C were over 4 MJ/m3 and ratios of H2 to CO were between 2.49-2.77. For long term test, Carbon and hydrogen conversion to CO and H2 of the catalysts with respect to time on stream in the steam toluene reforming for 480 min were studied. La2O3+MgO+Ni/Al2O3 catalyst revealed the highest and stable conversion rate of closely 50% and 70% for CO and H2, respectively. Whisker carbon species and encapsulating carbon were found on used catalysts after reaction. The La2O3+MgO+Ni/Al2O3 catalyst showed lesser amount of whisker carbon and encapsulating carbon.
Improvement of Mechanical Properties and Transformation Behavior of NiTi Drawn Wires for Orthodontics Applications
Authors: Noonai Nakhon , Khantachawana Anak , Kaewtatip Pongpan , Kajornchaiyakul Julathep
Published: October 2011

NiTi shape memory alloy is widely used in dental applications such as orthodontics arch wire, mini screw implant, orthodontics spring, etc., because of its favorable superelasticity and shape memory effect. Wire drawing is a fundamental manufacturing process used for producing orthodontics arch wires. It is well known that cold-work occurred during wire drawing operation is also important to control mechanical properties and transformation temperature of NiTi wires. Thus, the purpose of this work is to study the effect of cold working by means of reduction ratio of cross -sectional area and heat-treatment temperatures on transformation and mechanical behavior of the drawn wires for utilized as orthodontic wires. The wire material used in this study is Ni51.4Ti48.6 (at%) alloy with various initial diameters with targeted wire diameter of 0.51mm (0.02 inch). The die for wire drawing is made of tungsten carbide which is inserted into a steel case. The dies were designed to have different reduction ratio of cross sectional area for 4 levels; 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, respectively. The lubricant used in this study is sodium stearate powder. In order to investigate the influences of heat-treatment temperatures, the drawn wires are heat-treated at 400 °C and 600 °C for 3.6ks. The results showed that percentages of reduction of cross sectional area and heat-treatment temperature strongly affect mechanical properties and transformation temperatures. Superelasticity was confirmed in an alloy heat-treated at 400 °C. The results obtained can be used to determine the optimum properties of NiTi wire in order to utilized as orthodontics arch wires.
The Study of p-n and Schottky Junction for Magnetodiode
Authors: Phetchakul Toempong , Luanatikomkul Wittaya , Leepattarapongpan Chana , Chaowicharat E. , Pengpad Putapon , Poyai Amporn
Published: October 2011

This paper presents the simulation model of Dual Magnetodiode and Dual Schottky Magnetodiode using Sentaurus TCAD to simulate the virtual structure of magneto device and apply Hall Effect to measure magnetic field response of the device. Firstly, we use the program to simulate the magnetodiode with p-type semiconductor and aluminum anode and measure electrical properties and magnetic field sensitivity. Simulation results show that sensitivity of Dual Schottky magnetodiode is higher than that of Dual magnetodiode.