bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Student Perception of Teaching and Learning Based on M-Learning Regarding Student Interest and Motivation in the Sub-Topic of Encryption
Authors: Jaafar Rosmawati , A. Rahman Rooszana
Published: January 2024

This study aims to survey students' perceptions of application-based teaching and learning in the subtopic of Encryption for the DFT 20083 Security Basic and IT Professional course. This study was conducted on 50 Diploma in Information Technology (Digital Technology) students at Seberang Perai Polytechnic. The sampling technique used is the stratified cluster random sampling technique. The instrument used in this study is a questionnaire that uses a Likert scale. The results of the pilot study show that the instrument used has a very high reliability value of 0.952. The study data were analyzed to obtain the mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage. Descriptive analysis of the perception of students' interest and motivation towards teaching and learning based on m-learning in the Basic Security and Professional IT course is at a high level with a mean value of 3.60 for interest and 3.53 for motivation. This finding shows that teaching and learning based on m-learning in the Encryption sub-topic for the DFT 20083 Security Basic and IT Professional course has a positive impact on students. In conclusion, learning based on m-learning revealed to students can create a fun atmosphere in learning DFT 20083 Security Basic and IT Professional courses and can improve learning skills among students.
Processamento de Produtos Vegetais: Um manual de práticas
Authors: Albuquerque Tiago Lima , D’Almeida Alan Portal , Moraes Artur Amaral Corrêa
Published: January 2024

Espera-se que todos os apaixonados e aprendizes do mundo do processamento de alimentos vegetais possam, ao percorrer as páginas deste Manual, aprofundar-se no conhecimento prático trazido pelos experimentos propostos. A ideia surgiu da necessidade de alunos de diversos cursos ligados à Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, como Nutrição, Agronomia, Farmácia e, em especial, Engenharia de Alimentos entenderem, de forma simplificada, conceitos básicos do processamento de frutas e hortaliças para obtenção de produtos variados comercializados. Os futuros profissionais terão a oportunidade de conhecer mais sobre diversas técnicas de processamento a partir de um olhar mais prático e em linguagem acessível. Assim, o objetivo central deste Manual é proporcionar aos alunos uma compreensão geral do processamento de produtos derivados de origem vegetal, como sucos, geleias, conservas fermentadas e outros. O Manual será um meio para proporcionar aos alunos o conhecimento necessário para enfrentar os desafios do setor, desenvolvendo habilidades práticas essenciais para lidar com insumos naturais e compreender também os processos produtivos. Este Manual prático ajudará aos alunos a entenderem alguns aspectos do processamento de produtos de origem vegetal, explorando as técnicas e métodos que sustentam a transformação desses materiais em produtos prontos para consumo. Para além da visão do aluno, o material também poderá auxiliar professores a desenvolverem as práticas em sala de aula, se mostrando como uma ferramenta didática essencial para guiar os alunos ao longo do curso, instruindo detalhadamente a partir de atividades práticas e permitindo que os estudantes sigam os procedimentos de maneira eficaz e segura. O manual não se restringe apenas a uma disciplina específica, sendo um recurso para uma ampla gama de cursos que se concentram no estudo e processamento de produtos de origem vegetal. A abordagem direta e abrangente permite que os alunos de diferentes áreas tenham uma compreensão sólida dos métodos fundamentais empregados, tornando-o uma ferramenta essencial para todos aqueles que desejam aprofundar seus conhecimentos nesta área. Desejo as boas-vindas e espero que aproveitem.
Development of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Toxic Pathology
Authors: Song Tianbo , Zhang Quan , Cai Guoqing , Cai Meiqing , Qian Jili
Published: January 2024

Toxicity pathology is an important part of preclinical drug safety evaluation. With the development of computer science and full-slice digital scanning technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in the field of drug safety evaluation, including all aspects of pathology, such as diagnostic pathology, veterinary diagnostics, pathology research, regulatory toxicology and pathology primary film review and peer review. Toxicology is one of the most valuable disciplines to promote the development of animal and human health, and the toxicity research of drug non-clinical safety evaluation. The development and application of a wide variety of algorithms for histopathology suggests that AI pathology platforms can profoundly influence the future of digital toxic pathology, precision medicine, and personalized medicine. However, as with all other revolutionary technologies, there are many challenges in the implementation and application of AI pathology platforms. This paper reviews the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning, the application of artificial intelligence in toxic pathology, the application of machine learning in digital toxic pathology, and the impact of artificial intelligence on digital toxic pathology, in order to provide some reference for the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning in toxic pathology in China
Family Influences on Anorexic Refusal Behavior in Infants
Authors: Huang Lei
Published: January 2024

In this study, an 18-month-old with apparent anorexic refusal behavior was used as a subject, and observations were recorded while the subject was eating to speculate on the reasons for the emergence of refusal behavior in the baby. The results indicated that the baby's anorexic behavior was greatly influenced in part by the feeder's inappropriate feeding concepts and feeding practices. In this regard, this study analyzed the impact of feeder behaviors on the development of eating habits in infant and made feasible recommendations for improvement.
Advances in the Use of Synthetic Bone Augmentation Materials for Oral Implant-related Applications
Authors: Han Rui , Liu Xuan , Li Meng , Hou Xiaolu , Deng Jiupeng
Published: January 2024

Insufficient bone in the implant area is a key factor in the outcome of implant restorations. Autogenous bone grafting has long been recognized as the "gold standard" in bone augmentation. However, the problems of secondary damage to the donor area, limited source, easy resorption, and high risk of complications have limited the use of simple autogenous bone in clinical practice. Finding and selecting good autologous bone substitution materials have become the trend of bone augmentation techniques. the use of bone augmentation materials can provide support and stimulate the process of bone augmentation in cases such as bone defects.
Research Progress of Brain Glioma Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Xing Shusen
Published: January 2024

Glioma ranks among the most ubiquitous brain tumors, and the central nervous system displays unique attributes compared to other bodily organs. A physiological blood-brain barrier exists, as well as a specialized tissue environment, inextricably linked with the onset and progression of glioma. To amplify glioma treatment prospects, it is imperative to comprehend the interplay between glioma and its environmental context. This manuscript expounds upon how the glioma environment can facilitate tumor growth, providing putative clinical targets for impeding glioma development and novel avenues for treatment.
Current Status of Research on Diets High in Dietary Fiber for Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Han Jiaqi
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the intake of soluble dietary fiber plays a positive role in regulating the blood glucose level of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus through the comparative analysis of experimental data of the previous researchers and the dietary nutritional data of various countries, and to explore whether supplementing the nutritional combination of high soluble dietary fiber has a positive effect on blood glucose level of patients with diabetes mellitus in the whole period of pregnancy and thus verify whether high soluble dietary fiber has an effective intervention effect or even a therapeutic effect on controlling the blood glucose level of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. The effect of supplementation with highly soluble dietary fiber on the blood glucose level of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus in the whole pregnancy period, so as to verify whether highly soluble dietary fiber has an effective intervention effect or even a therapeutic effect on the control of blood glucose level of gestational diabetes mellitus patients. Compare and contrast with the intake of insoluble dietary fiber, and compare and discuss whether different dietary fibers have different effects on the blood glucose level of gestational diabetes mellitus patients. It also summarizes the current methods of dietary fiber intervention in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus, and thus provides an outlook on the possible tendencies of future development.
Research Progress of Drugs for the Treatment of Gout
Authors: Yang Qi , Su Le , Zhao Lin
Published: January 2024

Gout is directly related to hyperuricemia caused by purine metabolism disorder and/or reduced uric acid excretion, and belongs to the category of metabolic rheumatism. Currently, there are many drugs on the market for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout, but most of them are chemical synthetic drugs. The main direction of chemical drugs targeted at gout attacks is to inhibit enzyme action or use hormones to relieve pain during gout attacks, and control cytokine/inflammatory cell movement and function to reduce inflammatory response. The treatment in interphase and chronic phase is mainly uric acid lowering treatment. The chemical drugs used to reduce uric acid are mainly divided into three categories: inhibiting the synthesis of uric acid, promoting the excretion of uric acid and promoting the decomposition of uric acid. However, at present, the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine and biological drugs is gradually obvious. This paper mainly reviews the shortcomings of chemical drugs, traditional Chinese medicine and drug use in the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia, aiming to provide reference for the clinical treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
Concepciones y conocimiento didáctico-matemático del profesor en la enseñanza del concepto de función por proyectos
Authors: Potosí Cruz Liliana Andrea , Grueso cardenas Emiliano , Suarez Chávez Sandra Esther
Published: January 2024

Este artículo de divulgación da cuenta de un estudio cualitativo realizado con seis (6) profesores de matemáticas de una Institución de Educación Superior (IES) de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali-Colombia, que describe sus experiencias de enseñanza del concepto de función matemática mediante cuatro categorías que relacionan: la formación del profesor de matemáticas, el currículo, el contenido matemático y el modelo de trabajo por proyectos. La investigación fue de corte etnográfico para dar complementariedad metodológica cruzando varias estrategias procedimentales, instrumentales y de análisis, derivadas de diferentes referentes metodológicos como: estudios de caso, investigación documental, análisis didáctico como metodología de la investigación y la triangulación. La información obtenida de la revisión documental y la entrevista semiestructurada por cuestionario guía se analizó a través del análisis didáctico de contenido del concepto matemático de función. Los resultados muestran que no todos los profesores del estudio se formaron inicialmente para ser profesores de matemáticas. Pero, a pesar de su formación inicial en diferentes universidades privadas, públicas y programas profesionales, todos se formaron en el concepto matemático de función durante los primeros semestres de su pregrado, en cursos como: matemáticas fundamentales, cálculo o asignaturas afines como física y la mayoría enseñan el concepto de función como se los enseñaron y aprendieron reproduciendo modelos tradicionales, convencionales, academicistas, de enfoques sicoeducativos como el conductismo. Sin embargo, quienes tienen otras profesiones diferentes al de educador enseñan el concepto de función matemática usando proyectos de curso, de aula o integradores. Se concluye que un profesor de matemáticas que enseña el concepto de función matemática mediante el modelo de trabajo por proyectos debe tener una competencia investigativa, además de la componente disciplinar y pedagógica, lo cual impacta el currículo de los programas que forman profesionales de la educación.
Retos de la educación y la inteligencia artificial en la Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Costa Rica
Authors: Acon-Matamoros Ariana , Morales Hernández Roberto
Published: January 2024

Se describen aspectos claves que relacionan a la Educación a Distancia (EaD) o remota, en transición hacia una virtual, que necesariamente necesita el uso de tecnologías actuales como la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) y los retos que esto representa. Se utiliza una metodología descriptiva y explicativa combinado con un método cuantitativo en la aplicación de una encuesta en línea a profesores UNED, sobre los retos actuales de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) de Costa Rica, con relación a la docencia acerca de la IA. El objetivo es relacionar los beneficios de la IA y la EaD, que contempla los desafíos específicos en el contexto de la universidad, para lo cual se realizó una revisión de literatura de artículos seleccionados de bases de datos digitales, para comparar la realidad en términos de educación y en especial, a distancia y virtual. Se encontraron hallazgos importantes en cuanto a lo que señalan los autores de la revisión de literatura realizadas y los puntos claves en la UNED que necesitan ser enfocados con el fin de adaptarse a la nueva realidad como, por ejemplo, la necesidad de tutorías virtuales inteligentes, de explorar la Inteligencia Artificial para la entrega de la docencia y el monitoreo de actividades en línea, especialmente, en la aplicación de actividades formativas. Por último, este es el principio, las futuras líneas de investigación se basan en cómo aplicar la IA en los retos que supone una Educación a Distancia en transición a virtual.
Imaginatio és tapasztalat Spinoza filozófiájában
Authors: Gulyás Péter
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Mentális okozás és szuperveniencia
Authors: Krizsán Viktor
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Az Én és a szabadság fogalma Kierkegaard filozófiájában
Authors: Siklósi István
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Egy lehetséges történet. Az akadémiai szkepticizmus platóni öröksége
Authors: Veres Máté
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Max Scheler a nyelvről és a nyelv megismerésben betöltött szerepéről
Authors: Országh Judit
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Az ittlét tapasztalatának kifejeződése Heidegger korai gondolkodásában
Authors: Jani Anna
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Szükségszerűség, véletlen, determinációs plusz. A kauzalitás-antinómia hartmanni megoldása
Authors: Boros Bianka
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Max Weber megértő szociológiájának hatása Jean-Paul Sartre marxista társadalomfilozófiájára
Authors: Bene Adrián
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Az elektív affinitás: a fogalmat övező homály okai és következményei a társadalomtudományokban
Authors: Lakatos Zoltán
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
George Berkeley a lélekről: szubsztancia- mint kötegelmélet
Authors: Bartha Dávid
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Az értelmes élet néhány feltételéről
Authors: Bernáth László
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Az élet és a halál alapelve Descartes-nál
Authors: Gulyás Péter
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
A szabadság fogalma Sartre A lét és a semmi című munkájában
Authors: Erdélyi Mátyás
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Az egészség és a betegség lehetséges értelmezései Descartes-nál
Authors: Rembeczki Eszter
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Én – nyelv – valóság relációja, avagy egy vitalista teremtő gondolatai
Authors: Radi Ingrid
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Tükröm, tükröm. Az én lacani modelljei
Authors: Smid Róbert
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Egy csonkításallegória interpretációja. Paul de Man guillotine-ja
Authors: Sós Csaba
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
Antiphón és Prótagorasz
Authors: Sztrókay László
Published: January 2024

Absztrakt nem áll rendelkezésre.
A vita mint a relativizmus ellenszere: Gadamer és a hermeneutika kritikai kérdése
Authors: Kajtár László
Published: January 2024

Dolgozatomban Gadamer hermeneutikáját, pontosabban a gadameri hermeneutika kritikai kérdését veszem szemügyre, mégpedig hogy miképpen lehet megkülönböztetni helyes és helytelen értelmezéseket. Megvizsgálva Gadamer előítélet-koncepcióját és ennek szerepet az Igazság és módszer több kulcsfontosságú fogalmával együtt, azt állítom, hogy Gadamer nem ad megfelelő választ, és ezáltal a relativizmus húsbavágó fenyegetést jelent. Ennek oka, hogy úgy látom, hogy az Igazság és módszer túl nagy hangsúlyt fektet a hagyományos, időben távol álló értelmezési tárgyakra, és túl optimista azzal kapcsolatban, hogy mennyiben vagyunk képesek feltárni és felülvizsgálni az előítéleteinket. Ennek ellenére úgy gondolom, hogy lehet választ adni a gadameri hermeneutika szellemiségét tiszteletben tartva, az Igazság és módszerben kifejtett elméletet kiegészítve egy vita-koncepcióval, ami Habermas diszkurzív igazság-fogalmára épül.
Bayle és a „belles lettres”. Egy szkeptikus érvei a bölcsészettudomány mellett
Authors: Smrcz Ádám
Published: January 2024

Hosszú ideje rejtély övezi Pierre Bayle-nek nem csak a tudáshoz, hanem a szkepticizmushoz való viszonyát is. A hugenotta gondolkodót bélyegezték már akadémiai szkeptikustól kezdve pürrhónista fideistán át ateistáig mindenféle címkékkel. Dolgozatomban Bayle-t egy olyan – nem éppen bevett - nézőpontból mutatom be, mely a szerzőt, mint a szkepticizmust meghaladni kívánó gondolkodót mutatja nekünk. Ezen törekvésében pedig meghatározó szerep jut a bölcsészettudományoknak, melyek segítségével egy probabilista tudáseszmény látszik megvalósíthatónak, mely egyúttal szorosan integrálódik egy olyan gyakorlati filozófiai programba, mely Bayle munkásságának egyéb állomásai során meghatározónak bizonyult (itt elsősorban az abszolutista állam és a vallási türelem eszméit kell említenünk). Írásomban  tehát egy olyan Bayle-képet kívánok bemutatni, melyben a legmagasabb rendű tudás a bölcsészettudományok terrénumán belül keresendő.
Rajongás, elmeél és virtus. A német koraromantika polemikus „Schäftesbury”-interpretációja
Authors: Tánczos Péter
Published: January 2024

Lord Shaftesbury alakja és munkássága alapvető hatással volt az olyan koraromantikus gondolkodókra, mint Novalis vagy Friedrich Schlegel, bár a brit szerző nézeteit elsősorban a német felvilágosodás interpretációiban és továbbgondolásaiban ismerték. A tanulmányban arra teszek kísérletet, hogy a kevés közvetlen hivatkozás bemutatása mellett rekonstruáljam a Shaftesbury és a Novalis-Schlegel páros műveiben lévő motivikus analógiákat és transzformatív elmozdulásokat. Azt igyekszem feltárni, hogy a koraromantikusok által közvetlenül nem igazán ismert lord koncepcióját mely pontokon gondolták tovább akaratlanul, még ha az eltéréseket a német interpretációs hagyomány belügyének lehet is tekinteni. A Shaftesbury-féle koncepció sajátos esztétizálását a wit-Witz, a virtus és virtuoso, illetve a rajongás és képzés fogalmak változásai mentén elemzem.
Igazolhatóak-e az erkölcsi tartalmú értékítéleteink?
Authors: Geng Viktor
Published: January 2024

Dolgozatomban a következő két tézis mellett szeretnék érvelni. (1) Az értékítéletek tényítéletekből történő levezetésének problémája nem elsősorban logikai probléma: valójában az értékítéletek igazolhatóságának, bizonyíthatóságának a lehetőségére fókuszál. (2) Kizárólag nem erkölcsi tartalmú, úgynevezett tényítéletekből kiindulva nem tudunk érvényes módon erkölcsi tartalmú értékítéletekre következtetni. Ez egyben azt is jelenti, hogy az utóbbiak nem igazolhatóak, nem bizonyíthatóak. Ezt egy olyan gondolatkísérlettel szeretném bemutatni, amelynek két lehetséges konklúzióját adnám meg: az egyik pusztán csak az erkölcsi ítéletek bizonyíthatóságát kérdőjelezi meg, azonban a konklúzió erősebb változata szerint, a bizonyítási eljárások önfelszámolók abban a tekintetben, hogy továbbgondolásuk az erkölcsi értékítéleteink univerzális igazságának megkérdőjelezéséhez vezethetnek.
Teremtett világok – teista modális realizmus
Authors: Ádám Zsófia Katalin
Published: January 2024

Az úgynevezett anzelmi teizmus istenfogalma megköveteli, hogy a világ melyben élünk, a lehetséges világok legjobbika legyen, hétköznapi meggyőződéseink azonban mást sugallnak, világunkban ugyanis jelen van a rossz. A kortárs angolszász filozófia teista képviselői különböző teodíceákban fejtik ki érveiket, melyek azonban nem nyújtanak elégséges magyarázatot a rossz minden típusára. Dolgoztomban amellett fogok érvelni, hogy a teisták számára az egyetlen célravezető megoldás a genuin modális realizmus melletti elköteleződés. Amennyiben aktuális világunk csupán egyike a végtelen számú reálisan létező univerzumoknak, nem kell többé tudni elszámolni a teistáknak azzal, miért nem a lehető legjobb. Korántsem egyértelmű azonban, hogy a genuin realizmus a teizmussal kompatibilis elmélet. Emellett problémát jelent az is, hogy a modális realizmus elfogadása morálisan felelőssé teszi az Istent olyan világok létezéséért, melyekben a rossz van túlsúlyban, vagy melyek abszolút rosszak. Dolgozatomban ezen ellenvetésekre is választ adok.
ALİ TƏHSİL SİSTEMİNDƏ BİZNES ƏLAQƏLƏRİNİN YÜKSƏLDİLMƏSİ YOLLARI
Authors: ƏLİYEVA Günay
Published: January 2024

Təhsil, bildiyimiz kimi, bir millətin inkişaf mərhələlərində insan resurslarının inkişafı və səlahiyyətlərinin artırılması üçün həyati əhəmiyyət kəsb edir. İstənilən təhsil sistemi menecment, mühəndislik, tibb və s.-ni əhatə edən ali təhsil biliklərin, dəyərlərin ötürülməsində, bacarıqların inkişaf etdirilməsində böyük rol oynayır. Müəssisələr işçi qüvvəsinə olan ehtiyaclarını ödəmək, əmək bazarında sabitliyi və inkişafı qorumaq üçün yaxşı təhsil almış gənc kadrlar fondundan bəhrələnir. Bir çox sənayenin uğuru və davamlılığı, ali təhsil müəssisələrində təsil alan təşəbbüskar gənclərin imkanlarından asılıdır. Bunu nəzərə alaraq, dünyanın aparıcı universitetləri aparıcı sənaye müəssisələri ilə əməkdaşlıq əlaqələri qururlar. Bu məqalədə ali təhsil sistemində biznes əlaqələrinin yüksəldilməsi və inkişaf yolları müzakirə olunur
MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISES
Authors: PİRİYEV Kahraman
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the article is to take anti-crisis measures during the emergence of world economic crises, to form a mechanism for the functioning of the economic system as a whole, and also to eliminate the causes and negative consequences of the crisis by determining the implemented measures. on complex management. The implementation of anti-crisis measures and their management is the basis of economic stability and balanced activity in any sphere. If we consider anti-crisis management as a field of activity, the main result of which should be the creation of conditions for crisis-free development of enterprises, and considering that it is impossible to create these conditions for social and economic development. model within the framework of the market, it is quite obvious that specialists in anti-crisis management recreate the acuteness of economic crises, It is necessary to be ready to change the social and economic foundations of modern society. Key words: economic crisis, anti-crisis management, economy
SÜNİ İNTELLEKT, BİG DATA VƏ İŞSİZLİK ARASINDAKI ƏLAQƏ: G7 ÖLKƏLƏRİNİN DİNAMİK PANEL MƏLUMAT MODELİNDƏN YENİ ANLAYIŞLAR
Authors: HÜSEYNOV Natiq
Published: January 2024

Bu tədqiqat dinamik panel qiymətləndirmə yanaşmasından istifadə edərək, süni intellekt (AI) və böyük məlumat texnologiyalarının G7 ölkələrində işsizliyə təsirini araşdırır. Təhlil 2005-ci ildən 2020-ci ilə qədər olan dövrü əhatə edir və süni intellekt, böyük verilənlər, məlumat elmi və maşın öyrənməsi Google Trend İndeksi (GTI) ilə yanaşı işsizlik nisbətləri ilə bağlı müxtəlif nəzarət dəyişənlərini özündə birləşdirir. Arellano-Bover/Blundell-Bond (1998) sistem qiymətləndiricisi, xüsusilə asılı dəyişənin çoxsaylı gecikmələrini əhatə edən hallarda etibarlı nəticələri təmin etmək üçün istifadə olunur. Ən diqqətəlayiq nəticələr süni intellekt, böyük məlumat texnologiyaları və işsizlik arasında mənfi əlaqəni vurğulayır. Bu texnologiyalar məhsuldarlığı artırır, kapital yığılmasının artmasına və yeni iş yerlərinin açılmasına səbəb olur. Bu, süni intellekt və böyük məlumat texnologiyaları üçün “yer dəyişdirmə effekti”ni təsdiqləyir, o deməkdir ki, müəyyən iş yerləri avtomatlaşdırıla bilsə də, xalis effekt iş yerlərinin yaradılmasıdır. Nəticə etibarilə, iqtisadi proseslərdə süni intellekt və böyük məlumat texnologiyalarının tətbiqi yeni iş imkanları yaratmaqla işsizlik nisbətlərini effektiv şəkildə azalda və əmək haqqını artıra bilər.
Characteristics of multifocality/multicentricity in breast cancer and its effect on axillary lymph node metastasis
Authors: Karabacak Ufuk , Karadayi Kursat
Published: January 2024

Multifocal (MF) and multicentric (MC) breast cancers are seen with increasing frequency with advances in imaging methods. However, there is no consensus on the behavior and management of these tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of MF/MC breast cancers and their relationship with axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM). Patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer between January 2015 and January 2023 were retrospectively scanned. Exclusion criteria were as follows; male breast cancer, second primary cancer diagnosis, previous breast cancer history, previous excisional/incisional breast biopsy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and occult breast cancer. Multiple tumors that were closer than 5 cm to each other were defined as MF, and the others were defined as MC. T stage was determined in two different ways, using the largest tumor diameter (Tmax) and the aggregate tumor diameter (Tsum), and two different multivariate analysis models were applied. A total of 156 patients were enrolled in the study, including 130 unifocal (UF), 17 MF and 9 MC. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (p=0.43), ALNM (p=0.23), younger age (<50) (p=0.41) and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) (p<0.001) were higher in MF/MC tumors than in UFs. When comparing MF and MC, no difference was seen except progesterone receptor positivity (p=0.017). In both multivariate analyses, LVI and ILC had an effect on ALNM, while no effect of MF/MC was seen. In addition, while T stage had a significant effect on ALNM in the model using Tsum, it did not have a significant effect in the Tmax model. Our retrospective data supports that MF/MC is not a direct risk factor for ALNM and that the main factor affecting ALNM is the total tumor burden.
Evaluation of prognostic and etiological factors in patients with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Ak Musa , Yildirim Oguzhan
Published: January 2024

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory disease of the pancreas that varies from a mild and self-limiting disease to a fulminant disease with significant morbidity and mortality. The study aims to examine the clinical and etiological factors determining acute pancreatitis's severity and prognosis. A total of 709 patients with acute pancreatitis were analyzed retrospectively. The study evaluated the association between disease severity, etiological factors, demographic characteristics, hospitalization length, and prognosis. The clinical features of the patients were determined based on the severity of AP (mild, moderate, and severe) and mortality rates. 290 (40.9%) male and 419 (59.1%) female patients were included in the study, and the mean age was 62.5±18.6. The most common cause was biliary pancreatitis (44.6%). Of the patients, 520 (80.2%) were mild, 130 (18.4%) were moderate, and 59 (8.3%) were severe pancreatitis. The mortality rate was (%4,5). In addition, mortality was higher in the severe pancreatitis group. No significant difference was observed in demographic variables. There was a significant correlation between the increase in the score in Atlanta and SIRS grading and mortality. The complexity of acute pancreatitis persists, exhibiting a spectrum of severity. A moderately dependable prognosis can be derived within a few days of onset by embracing multiparametric criteria and morphological assessment. However, this current approach may provide insight into designing a comprehensive and timely therapeutic strategy.
Prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in the rural field practice area of a tertiary care hospital in Andhra Pradesh, India: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Daniyala Bhanu , Myla Achyuth , Kotinadham Sravani
Published: January 2024

Background: Hypertension, or increased blood pressure, is seen worldwide because of lifestyle changes. Hypertension is a risk factor for diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke. Most hypertensives are not seeking treatment; either they are unaware of the condition or asymptomatic for a long period, leading to sudden deaths. Hence, it is called a “silent killer.” Previously, hypertension was prevalent only in older people. Recent data from various studies mentioned that the prevalence of hypertension is increasing at a young age. Hence, this study was undertaken to study the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among rural people aged 30 years and older.

Aims and Objectives: To assess the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among people 30 years of age or older.

Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at a rural field practice area of a tertiary care hospital in Andhra Pradesh for 2 years after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent from participants. Simple and systemic random sampling was used to select 300 participants. Data were collected using pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaires. The analysis was done using the statistical package for social sciences software, version 26.0. The association between two categorical variables was measured using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Of the total subjects, 81 (27%) were diagnosed with hypertension. The majority (57%) of the study subjects were females, and the majority of the hypertensives were 51–70 years old (47.2%) and males (31.8%). Hypertension had a significant association with age, education, socioeconomic status, body mass index, smoking, intake of alcohol, family history of hypertension, and salt consumption of >5 g, but not with gender, type of family, or history of diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension has also increased in rural areas because of cultural and lifestyle changes. By modifying the risk factors, the occurrence of hypertension can be prevented at an early age and can be kept under control in those already affected.
Effect of duration of hypertension on arterial stiffness
Authors: Ramasamy Selvaa , Somu Sudha , Kalimuthu Prabha
Published: January 2024

Background: Hypertension is one of the common and prime causes contributing to 18% of deaths globally. Prevalence of essential hypertension increases with age, and individuals with relatively high blood pressure at younger ages are at increased risk for the subsequent complications of hypertension. The morphological and physiological changes in vasculature have been described in the evolution and maintenance of hypertension. Hypertension can increase the risk of cerebral, cardiac, and renal events.

Aims and Objectives: (1) To record the arterial stiffness index (SI) and reflection index (RI) in subjects with hypertension and a control group of age-matched normotensives. (2) To compare the above vascular parameters between control and hypertensive subjects. (3) To classify the hypertensive subjects based on the duration of the disease and compare the vascular parameters among them.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on 160 subjects aged between 30 and 60 years was conducted. Institutional ethical committee approval and informed written consent were obtained. They were divided into four groups. Group 1- control group (Healthy subjects), and study group of hypertensives are classified into three groups based on the duration of illness. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by SI and RI, calculated from recording digital volume pulse (DVP). DVP was measured by an instrument known as finger pulse photo plethysmography.

Results: The results were analyzed using analysis of variance test and were considered statistically significant with P < 0.05 with respect to arterial stiffness indices compared with the duration of hypertension.

Conclusion: This study concludes a strong positive correlation between two indices of arterial stiffness that is the RI and SI values increases with the duration of hypertension.
Effect of combined crude plant extracts on sheep and goat gastrointestinal nematodes in vitro
Authors: Mhlongo Lindokuhle , Fomum Sylvester , Mseleku Cresswell , Hassen Abubeker , Nsahlai Ignatius
Published: January 2024

Objective: We assessed the combined crude plant extract (CPE) effects of Allium cepa, Ananas comosus, Bidens pilosa, Carica papaya, Nicotiana tabacum, Vernonia amygdalina, Zingiber officinale, and Aloe vanbalenii on sheep and goat gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in vitro.
Materials and Methods: Fecal samples from naturally GIN-infected sheep and goats were incubated with L3 larvae and then treated with CPE combinations. The treated L3 was separated and counted under a light microscope to determine the synergistic or antagonistic interactions between the combined CPEs. Interactions between combined CPEs were calculated using Webb’s fractional product (WFPM) and simple (SM) methods.
Results: Animal species showed the same CPE efficacy on GINs (p > 0.05). CPE combinations, however, showed 80%–100% effective action against sheep or goat GINs. Whereas SM alone produced synergistic interactions, WFPM produced antagonistic and synergistic interactions. The most effective combination for goats was V. amygdalina + Z. officinale (100%), whereas the most effective combinations for sheep were A. cepa + C. papaya (100%), V. amygdalina + Z. officinale (100%), and A. comosus + N. tabacum (100%). Goats had a lower CPE combined efficacy (89.16% ± 0.95%) than sheep (95.45% ± 0.95%) (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Combined CPEs that were effective in the current study should be studied in vivo.
FOR THE CALCULATIONS OF ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS FROM SOURCES AND REMOVALS BY SINKS OF GREEN HOUSE GASES IN FORESTRY AND AGRICULTURE FOR THE ANNUAL NATIONAL REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   JSC “Zhasyl Damu” MENR RK, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Lebed L
Published: January 2024

The results presented in the article were obtained in the process of preparing the National Report on the inventory of anthropogenic emissions from sources and absorption of greenhouse gases not regulated by the Montreal Protocol, in terms of land use. The report is submitted annually by the Republic of Kazakhstan, as a party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Preliminary calculations of the dynamics of carbon dioxide (CO2) associated with land use in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 1991...2020 showed that its absorption from the atmosphere by natural ecosystems could range from 3 to 50...60 million tons per year, and emissions into the atmosphere – from 10 to 45 million tons/year. In the process of research, a detailed analysis of the country's existing system of ground-based monitoring of land use and land resources was carried out with calculations of anthropogenic CO2 flows at various territorial levels. The results obtained confirm the possibility of calculating greenhouse gases at the zonal and regional levels. This confirms the possibility of additional control of calculations of greenhouse gas fluxes associated with land use and assessment of the potential for a possible increase in absorption volumes for natural ecosystems (Forests and Pastures) and reductions in emissions for the Croplands agroecosystem.
Big data en ciencias sociales. Una introducción a la automatización de análisis de datos de texto mediante procesamiento de lenguaje natural y aprendizaje automático
Authors: Taboada Villamarín Alba
Published: January 2024

Las innovaciones en el campo de la ingeniería computacional y la inteligencia artificial brindan nuevas oportunidades metodológicas para la investigación científica, permitiendo el estudio de fenómenos sociales emergentes que nacen y habitan en los espacios virtuales. El propósito de este trabajo es familiarizar al científico social con los procesos ampliamente establecidos en el análisis masivo de texto mediante técnicas de aprendizaje automático que dan lugar a lo que hoy conocemos como procesamiento de lenguaje natural (PLN). En primer lugar, se lleva a cabo un breve recorrido por la historia del PLN y su relación con el análisis de texto en las ciencias sociales. Luego, en cada sección del texto, se valoran los pasos a seguir cuando se aplica PLN a investigaciones de carácter social, proporcionando información sobre programas informáticos, herramientas, fuentes de datos y enlaces útiles, con el propósito de ofrecer una guía introductoria y simplificada que sirva como acercamiento inicial a esta disciplina. Por último, se examina y evalúa los principales desafíos que las ciencias sociales enfrentan al implementar técnicas de PLN.
Сертифікація і управління якістю в гастрономічному туризмі: проблеми і особливості впровадження
Authors: Графська О. І. , Коркуна І. І. , Мацюк С. П.
Published: January 2024

Гастрономічний туризм є не лише популярним видом подорожей, а й сферою тісної взаємодії ресторанного господарства, індустрії туризму та харчової промисловості. У результаті сформувався комплекс проблем, що пов’язані із сертифікацією і управлінням якістю у цій сфері, що водночас є дуже чутливою до загроз безпеці туристів. Метою статті є виокремлення та аналіз основних проблем сертифікації та управління якістю в гастрономічному туризмі, на прикладах різних країн світу, зокрема й України. Для досягнення цієї мети використано методи аналізу літературних та джерел, інформаційних повідомлень, узагальнення, проєктний метод. Використані методи в сукупності дали змогу структурувати основні проблеми сертифікації та управління якістю в гастрономічному туризму, сформулювати шляхи їх вирішення на прикладі України, сформулювати авторські висновки та узагальнення. У статті за результатами аналізу літературних джерел, інформаційних повідомлень та їх узагальнення виокремлено такі проблеми сертифікації та управління якістю в гастрономічному туризмі як стандартизація проти автентичності, регіональна мінливість, суб’єктивність смаків та досвіду туристів, культурні та етичні міркування, впровадження та відповідність, туристичні очікування проти реальності, економічні наслідки для місцевих підприємств, стандарти охорони здоров'я та безпеки, динамічний характер кулінарних трендів. Наведено приклади прояву зазначених проблем та сформульовано шляхи їх вирішення на прикладі України, зроблено відповідні висновки. Теоретичне значення дослідження полягає в розширенні проблемного поля аналізу розвитку гастрономічного туризму в контексті поглибленого вивчення процесів сертифікації та управління якістю у цій сфері. Практична цінність статті зумовлена формулюванням основних шляхів вирішення виокремлених проблем, які можуть застосовуватися під час управління регіональним розвитком гастрономічного туризму в Україні. Перспективи подальших досліджень полягають в пошуку та аналізі конкретних випадків прояву виокремлених проблем в дестинаціях гастрономічного туризму України в посткризових умовах. Тип статті: емпірична.
The Lifestyle of Children and Adults in the Barbarian Environ of Chersonesos (Based on Materials from Frontovoe 3 and Kil-Dere 1 Necropolises)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dobrovolskaya Maria , Svirkina Natalia ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yazikov Sergey ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sviridov Alexey ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2024

The necropolises Frontovoe 3 and Kil-Dere 1 from the environ of Chersonesos are interesting and important for the reconstruction of the cultural and historical situation on the borders of the Roman Empire. Data on the isotopic composition of bone collagen and tooth enamel provide new opportunities to discuss the nutrition, economy, and mobility of societies. The isotope composition of carbon and nitrogen informs about the average dietary intake of an individual over the last few years of life (7—10), while the ratio of strontium isotopes in tooth enamel characterizes the habitat of the child during the formation of the crown of the teeth (in this case, from 1 to 6 years). Thus, we obtain information about local natives and migrants of the first generation, whose childhood, probably, passed outside the environ of Chersonesos. The isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen in 67 samples of bone tissue and the composition of strontium in 35 samples of tooth enamel were studied. The life support system of these societies was based on the use of local terrestrial food resources. Few individuals have been found who can be named first-generation migrants. The low variability of the isotope ratios of strontium and carbon indicates a clear localization of this population group on the given territory. We also discuss the factors behind the differences in the isotopic markers of groups from Kil-Dere 1 and Frontovoye 3. These can be both environmental factors and cultural differences. The questions addressed here can be answered by studying a broader base of the compared materials.
Children’s Burials from an Early Medieval Necropolis in the Bosporus Lane
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Aibabin Aleksandr , Khairedinova Elzara ,   Institute of Archaeology of Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2024

The article publishes children’s burials, investigated in 2007 and 2009. in Kerch, on the site of the Bosporan necropolis in the Bosphorus Lane. Ordinary townspeople were buried in the necropolis at the end of the 6th—8th centuries. Children, as well as adults, were buried in graves with slab-lined sides and covered with several slabs on top. In some graves, crosses are cut on the slabs. Many of the children’s burials contain clothing accessories and jewelry worn during life. Bronze bells were found only in children’s burials, intended to protect against evil forces.
Burials of Young Princesses in Early Medieval China
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kudinova Maria , Komissarov Sergey ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Soloviev Aleksandr ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2024

The article addresses materials found in two burials of representatives of the ruling clans of the early medieval states in China. The first one is the tomb of the Rouran princess Yujiului Chidilian (550) — the granddaughter of the Rouran Khagan Anagui and the wife of Gao Dan (a member of the aristocratic family of the Northern and Eastern Wei period, whose representatives founded their own Northern Qi dynasty). The second is the tomb of Li Jingxun (608) — the granddaughter of the penultimate emperor of Northern Zhou and the great-granddaughter of the first emperor of Sui. The authors provide characteristics of the design features and accompanying grave goods of the burial complexes. Despite the cultural and chronological proximity of two complexes, the commonality of age and gender characteristics and the social status of the buried, there are more differences than similarities in the burial rite of the complexes under consideration: during the 2nd half of 6th — early 7th centuries the material and spiritual culture of the northern regions of China underwent significant transformation, which is reflected in the materials of these tombs.
A Child in the World of the Dead: a Christian or a Pagan (Based on the Materials of the Old Russian Time Burial Sites Excavations in the Principality of Polotsk)
Authors:   Faculty of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Makouskaya Viktoryia , Plavinski Mikalai ,   Faculty of Archaeology, University of Warsaw
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the questions of the spread of Christianity on the territory of the Old Russian Polack Land (Principality of Polotsk) based on materials from the funerary sites. The “focus group” of the study included those children, whose burials were discovered during excavations on the 11 th—13 th centuries necropolises. Separately, an important problem is considered: how the number of children’s burials uncovered on the Old Russian period necropolises correlates with the calculations of the normal level of infant mortality in a traditional agrarian society. An analysis of the available data suggests that the children were often involved in the processes of Christianization from an early age, which was reflected materially, including their grave goods. As a result, the children of the 11 th—13 th centuries in Polotsk entered the world of the dead with Christian paraphernalia much more often than adults.
Children in the Context of the Celebration of the Day of Remembrance of the Dead in Sicily: Status, Beliefs, Ritual Practices in the Past and Present
Authors:   Center of European Researches, N. N. Mik¬lukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fais-Leutskaia Oxana
Published: January 2024

The author considers the place of children in the context of the celebration of the Day of Remembrance of the Dead in Sicily in the past and present; it is their central role in the local scenario of the healing of this formally Christian, but actually dating back to ancient cults holiday that makes the research region unique. The purpose of the analysis, in addition to detailed coverage of all the components of the celebration scenario, which has repeatedly attracted the attention of the researchers, but has not yet been comprehensively studied, is primarily to “decipher” the status and function of children involved in the festive action in the paradigm of anthropology, i.e. as “connectors” between the world of the dead and the world of the living ones, as well as associated beliefs, rituals and actions, in particular, the practice of gifting children. The study is based on the results of the author’s long-term fieldwork (from 2000 to 2022), as well as on data from ethnographic/historical sources. Using methods of structural and functional analysis, the author relies on concepts and theoretical and methodological principles developed in the depths of cultural and historical anthropology on the problems of religious studies, ancient cults, festive rituals, etc.; the historical approach allows us to identify the fundamental laws of the evolution of ritual practices, and regional studies — to correlate theoretical conclusions with the realities of the region under study.