bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk assessment with intervention of gas pipelines repair using FMEA method and determination of safety performance monitoring: a case for a gas and oil operating company in 2012-13
Authors: Halvani GH , Mohammadnia MR , Zare Mehrjardi MR , Keshtvarz MR
Published: October 2020

Introduction: work-related accidents impose irreparable hurt on the national capital. It is necessary to take a series of preventive measures before the occurrence to preserve and protect the human force and reduce accidents. The current study aimed to check safety contradiction using the FMEA method and determine protection indicators of safety performance in the overhaul project. 
Materials and Methods: This study is descriptive-analytical research and an interference method that accomplished 13 jobs in major repairs gas pipeline project. After determining jobs and entering them in the FMEA worksheet, the initial risk score was obtained in this investigation, and after corrective suggestions, the secondary risk priority score was calculated.
Results: The relationship between RPN1 and RPN2 was examined and determined a significant difference between risk priority score before and after corrective measure, and this indicates that these measures are effective (p<0.0005). Among various jobs and before taking corrective actions, the highest number of accidents was related to excavation activities with 15 accidents, which were reduced to 6 after taking corrective measures. Most days lost from work were related to driving job with 6020 days that reduced to 8 days after taking corrective actions; the highest rate of repeat accidents with 62.5 was related to détente activity reduced to 23.14 after taking corrective measures. The maximum intensity factor with 19444.44 was related to the driving activity reduced to 25.25 after taking corrective actions. The accident frequency - severity rate in driving activity with 15.84 was the most reduced to 0.28 after taking corrective measures. 
Conclusion: Due to unacceptable risks and the high rate of accidents in the overhaul of the gas pipeline project, appropriate control measures can be used to reach an acceptable level of risk, which represents the usefulness of the FMEA method.
Investigation of Serum Zinc Level in Patients with Hearing Loss and its Association with Tinnitus
Authors: Zand V , Hosseinpoor P , Baradaranfar MH , Meybodian M , Mandegari M , Vaziribozorg S , Dadgarnia MH
Published: October 2020

Introduction: This study aims to determine the serum zinc level in patients with hearing loss and its relation with tinnitus. 
Materials & Methods: In this Cross-Sectional study, 110 patients older than 20 years old with Complaining of hearing loss and tinnitus were involved. Participating patients were first visited by an ear, nose, and throat specialist with a history and physical examination, and were assessed for standard hearing loss as well as the intensity and frequency of tinnitus by standard audiometric tests. Then, fasting blood samples were taken to check serum zinc levels.
Results:The mean serum level was 85.32 ± 27 27.62, and the mean frequency of tinnitus was 4.94 ± 2.76, both of which had significant differences between different groups (P = 0.001). The mean intensity of tinnitus was 7.77 ± 4.56, and there was no significant difference between different groups (P = 0.677). Serum zinc level and tinnitus frequency were associated with a correlation coefficient of 0.205 (P = 0.032), and serum zinc level and tinnitus severity were associated with a correlation coefficient of 0.249 (P = 0.009).
Conclusion: According to the present study results, the positive effect of serum zinc levels on the severity and frequency of tinnitus has been determined so that with decreasing serum zinc levels, tinnitus occurs at lower frequencies.
CAPOEIRA, RELIGIÕES DE MATRIZ AFRICANA E O IMAGINÁRIO DA SOCIEDADE MARANHENSE DOS ANOS 1960/1970
Authors: PEREIRA ROBERTO AUGUSTO A.
Published: October 2020

Este artigo pretende discutir em um contexto específico – a cidade de São Luís, entre as décadas de 1960 e 1970 – as relações entre a capoeiragem e os cultos afro-maranhenses, estendendo ainda a análise ao imaginário da sociedade são-luisense do período. Para este fim, partimos da atuação pioneira do capoeira ludovicense Roberval Serejo – apontado como um dos responsáveis pelo ressurgimento da capoeiragem em São Luís na segunda metade do século XX –, de suas relações com o culto afro-maranhense e com os misteriosos casos de acidentes fatais ocorridos durante a construção do Porto do Itaqui (São Luís – Maranhão) nos anos 1970.
Palavras-chave: Capoeira. Religiões de matriz africana. Maranhão.
“PROTEÇÃO FRATERNA” DOS INDÍGENAS E COLONIZAÇÃO NO NORTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL NA PRIMEIRA REPÚBLICA
Authors: TEDESCO JOÃO CARLOS , NEUMANN ROSANE MARCIA
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo trata da política de “proteção fraterna” dos indígenas e a intrusão das terras em seus toldos, articulada ao projeto de colonização implementado pelo governo republicano no norte do Rio Grande do Sul, via Diretoria de Terras e Colonização. Analisa, inicialmente, a política de proteção fraterna dos indígenas e, em seguida, a delimitação do espaço dos toldos indígenas e a liberação das terras públicas para colonização, bem como os desdobramentos dessa política no cotidiano da atuação da Comissão de Terras e Colonização. Conclui-se que a política de “proteção fraterna” do governo positivista, em particular, de sua ala mais humanista, confrontava-se com funcionários públicos inescrupulosos, que não conheciam a realidade dos indígenas e imprimiam ações que produziam conflitos no interior da esfera pública encarregada dos processos de colonização e junto aos indígenas; bem como que havia múltiplos interesses em torno da terra, fato esse que resultou nos aldeamentos indígenas.
Palavras-chave: Rio Grande do Sul. Toldos indígenas. Proteção fraterna.
UM OLHAR SOBRE OS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA DO MARANHÃO
Authors: MARTINS DAYSE MARINHO , MATEUS YURI GIVAGO ALHADEF SAMPAIO
Published: October 2020

Abordagem sobre livros didáticos usados na disciplina História do Maranhão na Educação Básica objetivando analisar os sentidos construídos para os conteúdos veiculados. Para tanto, fundamentou-se nos princípios da Nova Sociologia da Educação por meio da História das disciplinas escolares de Ivor Goodson e André Chervel. Estudo qualitativo documental, com método de abordagem dialético e método de procedimento comparativo. Ao problematizar os livros didáticos, são evidenciadas, portanto, as transmutações da disciplina História do Maranhão.

Palavras-chave: Ensino de História. História do Maranhão. Livros Didáticos.
AS DELEGACIAS, OS POSTOS E OS HOSPITAIS: as primeiras instituições de saúde e o atendimento infantil no Piauí (1889 -1930)
Authors: MARINHO JOSEANNE ZINGLEARA SOARES
Published: October 2020

Este artigo analisa como os serviços de saúde dos primeiros estabelecimentos implantados no Piauí realizavam o atendimento das crianças durante a Primeira República. Apesar do ideário de proteção da infância considerar o potencial das iniciativas em saúde como fator de investimento para o progresso e a civilização, não existia um projeto estadual ou um sistema de saúde federal que integrasse o Piauí. Para a análise, foram utilizadas como fontes as mensagens governamentais, a legislação, os jornais e revistas médicas, além de autores como Ana Paula Martins (2004), Colin Heywood (2004) e Gilberto Hochman (1998). Como resultado, identificou-se a instalação de poucas instituições no Piauí, como as delegacias e os postos de saúde pública, além dos hospitais filantrópicos. Com isso, a condição de limitação da oferta de serviços de saúde, mais concentrados e regulares na capital, acabou contribuindo para a ausência de uma proteção especializada no atendimento das crianças piauienses.
Palavras-chave: História. Estabelecimentos de saúde. Infância.
Design thinking aplicado al mejoramiento de las competencias ciudadanas en universitarios: voto popular
Authors: Hernández-Gil Cristian , Núñez-López Jaime Alexis
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación, fue aplicar la técnica de pensamiento de diseño para mejorar las habilidades de pensamiento social dentro de las competencias ciudadanas, de los estudiantes de un programa de Administración de Empresas colombiano. Se realizó un estudio de corte cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo, con 48 estudiantes de últimos semestres, empleando la metodología del design thinking en actividades dentro del aula de clase. En este caso, se trabajó con dos objetos: un dado y un teléfono, y una iniciativa: sensibilización hacia el ejercicio consciente del voto. Los artefactos creados, en total doce, fueron sometidos a criterios de evaluación, especialmente, la capacidad del mismo para que a través de su funcionamiento se le diera respuesta a la pregunta problema. Los diferentes artefactos, cuya función principal es la sensibilización del ejercicio al voto popular, se diseñaron a partir de los principios de: solidaridad, iniciativa e indagación. Se concluye que la aplicación de esta metodología promueve el desarrollo creativo de los estudiantes, en la participación de los mecanismos para ejercer control ciudadano.
Las TIC como medio socio-relacional: un análisis descriptivo en el contexto escolar con adolescentes de educación media
Authors: Espinel-Rubio Gladys Adriana , Hernández-Suárez César Augusto , Rojas-Suárez Jhan Piero
Published: October 2020

El propósito de esta investigación, fue identificar los nexos socio-relacionales del uso de las TIC en el entorno escolar de los adolescentes. La investigación tuvo un enfoque mixto, con una muestra de 40 adolescentes, con edades entre 14 y 17 años, pertenecientes a los grados 9 a 11 de una institución educativa colombiana. La información se recolectó a través del mapa socio-relacional, que consistió en graficar las relaciones e interacciones de la población objetivo, en los ámbitos virtual y presencial. Los resultados indican que el número de relaciones que tienen los adolescentes en el medio virtual, son diferentes a las del medio presencial. Esto se debe a que existe mayor conectividad comunicativa. Se concluye que las interacciones sociales mediadas por TIC, se presentan de dos formas: la interacción conectiva de costumbre, con los mismos sujetos del ámbito presencial, y la conectiva ampliada, que se da con individuos diferentes a los de costumbre.
KUALITAS MUTU SAYUR KASEPAK (KANGKUNG, SELADA, DAN PAKCOY) DENGAN SISTEM BUDIDAYA AKUAPONIK DAN HIDROPONIK
Authors: Rahmadhani Laela Endah , Widuri Laily Ilham , Dewanti Parawita
Published: October 2020

Aquaponic is considered one of alternative culture system to improve production and quality of leafy vegetables by combining soil less culture and fish farming. Utilization of fish manure contained in waste water provides nutrient sources for growing plants. Three kinds of leafy vegetables including water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica F.), green coral lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), and bok choi (Brassica rapa L.) were grown using both aquaponic and hydroponic system at the Green House in Serut village, Panti District, Jember Regency, from April to June 2019. Productions of each leafy vegetable were evaluated on both culture systems. Water spinach represented 29.12% higher production in aquaponic than hydroponic system, shown by significant value in plant height, number of leaves, root volume, and leaf fresh weight. Otherwise, bok choi production displayed 17.03% increased in hydroponic than aquaponic system. However, leaf production of lettuce was not significant between hydroponic and aquaponic system. Lettuce production in aquaponic only 1.90% lowest than hydroponic system indicated that lettuce was appropriate to cultivate in both farming systems.

Keywords: aquaculture, Brassica rapa L., leaf fresh weight, Ipomoea aquatica F., Lactuca sativa L., soil less culture
AKKİRMANLI NAKŞÎ ALİ EFENDİ'NİN ESRÂR-NÂME'SİNDE YER ALAN Mİ‘RÂCİYYE MANZUMELERİ
Authors: YILDIRIM İsmail
Published: October 2020

İslâmî edebiyatta Allâhü Teâlâ’nın zâtından sonra en çok sevilen isim şüphesiz dinin son temsilcisi Hz. Peygamber gelmektedir. O’nun doğumu, nübüvveti, nübüvveti esnasında yaşanılan İlâhî hâdise ve vak‘alar, gazâları gibi mübarek hayatının önemli kısımlarını teşkil eden bazı dönüm noktaları olmuştur. Bir gece Mescid-i Haram’dan Mescid-i Aksâ’ya oradan Sidretü’l-müntehâ’ya yaptığı yolculuğu ihtiva eden Mi‘râc olayı da bunlardan birisidir. Bu olay, Türk-İslâm medeniyetine mensup şair ve yazarlar tarafından yazıya dökülmüş, birbirinden kıymetli, eşsiz edebî metinler telif edilmiştir. Bu ilgiye mazhar olmuş şairlerden biri de Akkirmanlı Nakşî Ali Efendi’dir.
XVII. asrın Tekke-Tasavvuf edebiyatı, şair ve nasirlerinden Nakşî Ali Akkirmânî (ö. 1065/1655), üçü manzum biri mensur olmak üzere dört eser kaleme almıştır. Bu eserlerden mensur olanı Esrâr-nâme’de akıl, fikir, ruh ve kalbin faziletleri, seyr ü sülûk kavramının mahiyeti, insan-ı kâmil olmanın yolları, zâhir ve bâtın ilimlerini öğrenmenin hikmetleri gibi pek çok dinî-tasavvufî konuya yer vermiştir. Yazarın söz konusu eserinin başında bir, sonunda ise iki adet mi‘râciyye manzumesi vardır. Manzumelerden ikisi Nakşî Ali Efendi’ye, diğeri ise müstensihe aittir. Her üç mi‘râciyye de sade bir üslûpla kaleme alınmış olup cennet tasvirleri, Hz. Peygamber’in o gece gökyüzüne çıkması, karşılaştığı durumlar ve sonrasında yaşadıklarını konu edinmektedir. Bu yazıda Nakşî Ali Efendi’nin şahsiyetiyle beraber bahis konusu edilen üç mi‘râciyye manzumesi ayrıntılı olarak tanıtılmaya çalışılacaktır.
SAÇLI EMÎRZÂDE ABDÜLKÂDİR EFENDİ VE ZEYL-İ ŞAKÂİK’I
Authors: DONUK Suat
Published: October 2020

Osmanlı Devleti kadı, müderris, şeyh ve dervişlerinin yaşamlarını anlatan Şakâiku’n-nu‘mâniyye’ye yazılmış pek çok zeyil vardır. Bunlardan biri Saçlı Emîrzâde Abdülkadir Efendi’nin Zeyl-i Şakâik’ıdır. Abdülkadir Efendi, iyi bir eğitim alıp çeşitli medreselerde müderrislik yaptı. Maraş, Kütahya, Yenişehir kadılıklarında bulunduktan sonra 1000 (1592) senesinde vefat etti. Zeyl-i Şakâik’taki anlatımlardan onun Mehmed b. İdris el-Bidlisî’nin damadı olduğu, beş çocuğunu çeşitli hastalıklardan kaybettiği, Kadrî mahlasıyla tarih manzumeleri yazdığı anlaşılmaktadır. Abdülkadir Efendi’nin Zeyl-i Şakâik’ının ünik nüshası Paris Bibliotheque Nationale De France, Arabe 2164’te kayıtlıdır. Yazımı muhtemelen 999 (1590/91) senesinde tamamlanan Zeyl-i Şakâik, Şakâiku’n-nu‘mâniyye’yi Taşköprîzâde’nin bıraktığı 965 (1557/58) yılından 998 (1589/90) senesine kadar getirmektedir. Arapça yazılan Zeyl-i Şakâik’ta yüz kırk kadı, müderris ve şeyhin hal tercümesi yer almaktadır. Biyografilerde ilgili şahsın ismi, nisbesi, ailesi, eğitim durumu, mesleki kariyeri, ölüm tarihi, fiziksel-ruhsal portresi hakkında bilgiler bulunmaktadır. Şahsın şairlik ve yazarlık yönü varsa eserleri hakkında bilgi verilip şiirlerinden örnekler sunulmaktadır. Saçlı Emîrzâde Efendi Zeyl-i Şakâik’ı, Arapça yazılan diğer zeyillere nazaran fazla sayıda Türkçe şiir içermektedir. Fevrî, Bihiştî, Kâmî, Sürûrî, Kınalızâde Ali Çelebi, Azmî, Bahrî, Fazlî gibi şair ve yazarların biyografilerini içeren bu eser Türk edebiyatı için önemli bir kaynak hüviyetindedir. Bu makalede Saçlı Emîrzâde Abdülkadir Efendi’nin güncel biyografisi yazılmış, Zeyl-i Şakâik adlı eseri çeşitli yönlerden tanıtılmış, Zeyl-i Şakâik’ta yer alan bir hal tercümesinin metni ve Türkçeye tercümesi ilim âlemiyle paylaşılmıştır.
A INFLUÊNCIA DO PENSAMENTO DE FRANTZ FANON NA PRODUÇÃO INTELECTUAL NEGRA FEMININA
Authors: SILVA Rosemere Ferreira da
Published: October 2020

O artigo em evidência discute a entrada do pensamento de Frantz Fanon no Brasil, com destaque à importância da produção intelectual negra feminina representada no trabalho de Neusa Santos Souza e Lélia Gonzalez. As ideias de Fanon configuram-se como base para as discussões sobre relações étnico-raciais estabelecidas por essas intelectuais. Tanto Souza quanto Gonzalez, a partir e, inclusive, das experiências dialógicas no Movimento Negro no Rio de Janeiro e na academia, levantaram questionamentos imprescindíveis à construção das identidades negras, tornando-se, no caso da primeira, uma referência no estudo da vida emocional do negro e, em relação à segunda, uma voz crítica do “lugar de negro” na sociedade brasileira. Ambas trajetórias intelectuais exemplarmente convergem para a interpretação da raça, e das clivagens de gênero e classe, como fundamental condição à existência negra.
ENTRETIEN AVEC LE CINÉASTE HASSANE MEZINE A PROPOS DU DOCUMENTAIRE “FANON: HIER, AUJOURD’HUI”
Authors: SILVA Rosemere Ferreira da
Published: October 2020

Hassane Mezine est un photographe et cinéaste algérien, né en 1972. En 2004, il a participé au tournage d'Algérie Twists / Turns, de Leila Morouche et Oriane Brun-Moschetti, et à la compagnie de René Vautier, cinéaste anticolonial. En 2015, il a lancé son premier documentaire, Fanon: hier, aujourd’hui. En 2016, il a travaillé comme directeur de la photographie dans Delou, une série télévisée de 52 épisodes réalisée au Niger en langue haoussa, réalisée par Souleymane Mahamane. L'entretien avec Hassane Mezine a résulté de notre rencontre avec le cinéaste dans le cours du Prof. Dr Gordon, à l'UCONN, en 2019. A l'époque, Mezine nous présentait le documentaire Fanon: hier, aujourd’hui (Fanon: yesterday, today).
UMA CONTISTA NA IMPRENSA HUMORÍSTICO-ILUSTRADA PORTUGUESA:
Authors: Das Neves Alves Francisco , Da Cruz Lousada Isabel Maria
Published: October 2020

Ao longo do século XIX, as interfaces entre imprensa periódica e Literatura foram múltiplas, uma vez que os jornais apareciam como difusores da produção literária, em uma época na qual as condições para a edição de livros eram ainda muito dificultosas. Tal perspectiva também ocorreria em meio ao jornalismo português que, ao final daquela centúria, passava por uma etapa de ampla expansão. Uma das características do periodismo luso de então era a especialização, em meio a qual a imprensa humorístico-ilustrada também esteve em franco progresso, notadamente no âmbito lisbonense e portuense. Na cidade do Porto foram publicados vários periódicos ilustrados, entre eles o Pontos e vírgulas, em cujas páginas foram inseridos vários textos da lavra de Sílvia da Vinha, apesentada como contista do jornal. O estudo de tais inserções, mormente no que tange à emancipação feminina, constitui o escopo deste trabalho.
HISTÓRIAS DE VIOLÊNCIA: ARTE PENSANTE EM FORMA DECOLONIAL
Authors: Evans Brad , SILVA Rosemere Ferreira da
Published: October 2020

Tradução de entrevista em inglês originalmente publicada na The Los Angeles Review of Books, em 3 de junho de 2019.
HISTÓRIA E CONTRAPONTO DO CARIBE AFROANDALUZ
Authors: León Antonio García de , Ramos Junior Dernival Venâncio
Published: October 2020

Este texto é a tradução em língua portuguesa do primeiro capítulo da obra El mar de los deseos: El Caribe afroandaluz, historia y contrapunto do historiador mexicano Antonio García de León, publicada pelo Fundo de Cultura Econômica do México. Este capítulo intitula-se, no trabalho original, “O mar de los encuentros, un mediterráneo americano”. Nesta tradução, contudo, o título escolhido, por várias razões, foi “História e contraponto do Caribe afro-andaluz”. Uma delas é a necessidade de dar centralidade ao conceito de História, já que esse capítulo produz uma abordagem histórica. Outra razão é a necessidade de desenhar, com esta tradução, uma miniatura do universo caribenho afro-andaluz que Antonio García de León apresenta em sua obra. Tanto o trabalho completo como esta primeira parte tentam traçar um novo horizonte de reflexão sobre o Caribe que recolhe e incorpora não somente a experiência da África, mas também a do sul da Europa, neste caso a Andaluzia, Sevilha e os territórios conquistados por Castela no sul da península como um prelúdio para o mundo a ser formado no Caribe.
ESTAR DISPUESTO A ACTUAR
Authors: Mercado - Irizarry Stephanie
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la sección Political Writings del libro Alienation and Freedom, recolección de escritos de Frantz Fanon. El libro es una colección de documentos que fueron parte de un contexto geográfica e históricamente particular afectado por la colonización, pero que fue transformado por acciones anticoloniales. El propósito del presente artículo es el análisis de varios de los escritos políticos de Fanon, con especial énfasis en aquellos publicados en el periódico El Moudjahid. El argumento central es demostrar cómo a través de estos escritos Fanon manifiesta una constancia en lo que fue su pensamiento sobre lo que significa volverse un ser de acción (being actional).
FANON Y LITERATURA
Authors: Crisostomo Tejada Vialcary
Published: October 2020

Frantz Fanon es uno de los más importantes filósofos y psiquiatras del siglo XX. Aunque los textos políticos y psiquiátricos de Fanon se encuentran entre los más estudiados, sus obras literarias hasta recientemente no habían sido publicadas. En el volumen Alienation and Freedom (2018), los editores Jean Khalfa y Robert J.C. Young publican por primera vez dos obras de teatro fanonianas: L’Oeil se noie y Les Mains parallèles. En este ensayo analizo L’Oeil se noie en relación a las teorías de colonialismo y raza que Fanon desarrolla a lo largo de sus textos y sugiero que esta obra literaria indaga en los efectos psicológicos del colonialismo y la racialización. Propongo que L’Oeil se noie es un análisis existencial en el cual el autor articula la alienación del sujeto colonial/racializado. Partiendo desde un análisis de las teorías de neurosis de abandono y sociogenia discutidas en Peau noire, masques blancs (1952), argumento que en esta obra de teatro Fanon analiza el colonialismo como causante de una psicosis identitaria que enajena al sujeto racializado de la realidad en un mundo antinegro.
FANON, EDUCATION, AND “THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY WITHIN A REVOLUTIONARY FRAMEWORK”
Authors: Gibson Nigel C.
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses the contemporary “new stage” of Fanon studies focusing on the interconnections between Fanon’s clinical writings and politics.  Fanon’s idea that the anticolonial revolution has to affirm a “limitless humanity” while at the same time insisting psychiatry has to be political is considered through his engagement with François Tosquelles and sociotherapy. Erica Burman’s Fanon, Education, Action: Child as Method and David Marriott’s Whither Fanon and Nigel Gibson and Roberto Beneduce’s Frantz Fanon, Psychiatry and Politics help enlighten the myriad levels of Fanon’s discussion of trauma and mental disorders produced by colonial war and question of responsibility “within a revolutionary framework.”
SARTRE, FANON E A DIALÉTICA DA NEGRITUDE:
Authors: Faustino Deivson Mendes
Published: October 2020

Problematiza-se, neste artigo, as relações entre Jean Paul Sartre e Frantz Omar Fanon. Oferece-se uma sistematização que identifica Sartre e o existencialismo como uma das bases do estatuto teórico de Fanon, juntamente com a psicanálise, o marxismo e o movimento de negritude. Argumenta-se, no entanto, que a relação de Fanon com este referencial fora marcada por uma apropriação crítica que os calibanizou para as finalidades da luta revolucionária anticolonial no Continente Africano permitindo-lhe a apresentação de respostas originais que se perderiam caso se reduza o seu pensamento a uma delas ou se lhe apresente como mera repetição.
On Spacetime Duality and Bounce Cosmology of a Dual Universe
Authors: Al-Fadhli Mohammed B.
Published: October 2020

Precise astronomical measurements of the fine structure constant and universe expansion rate have revealed that they vary over specific directions, demonstrating an anisotropic universe. The curvature in complex spacetime can be interpreted as spatial warping evolution along with its travel through the imaginary time dimension. Complex spacetime worldlines of the universe spatial factor evolution through imaginary time are utilised to model universe anisotropy. The worldlines of a positively curved universe revealed both positive and negative solutions, which imply that matter and antimatter could be evolving in opposite directions as distinct sides of the universe, theoretically corroborating the axis of the cosmic microwave background and observed anisotropy. The model indicates that a nascent hyperbolic expansion is followed by a first phase of decelerating spatial expansion during the first 9 Gyr, and then, a second phase of accelerating expansion. The model potentially resolves the tension in Hubble parameter measurements, with a predicted density at the phase transition of 1.12>1. In addition, it predicts a final time-reversal phase of rapid spatial contraction leading to the Big Crunch, signalling a cyclic universe. On spacetime quantum duality, the simulations of the spacetime continuum flux through its travel along with its predicted worldlines demonstrated the fast-orbital speed of stars resulting from an external momentum exerted on galaxies via the spatial curvature through the imaginary time dimension. These findings indicate that antimatter could exist as a distinct side, which influences the universe evolution; physically explaining the effects attributed to dark matter and dark energy.
Cellulose-Supported Ferrihydrites for the Removal of As(III), As(V) and Cr(VI) from Mining-Contaminated Water
Authors: Etale Anita , Nhlane Dineo , Mosai Alseno K. , Nuapia Yannick
Published: October 2020

Mining-induced water contamination remains a significant concern in many regions of the world due to the high concentrations of toxic ions often associated with it. In this study, cellulose-supported ferrihydrite composites (CNF-Fe) were prepared by seeding of ferrihydrite nanoparticles on cellulose nanofibres (CNFs) and employed for the removal of As(III), As(V) and Cr(VI) from contaminated water. The adsorbent was characterized by electron microscopy, gas adsorption, point of zero charge (pHPZC), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), as well as infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Compared to parent CNFs, CNF-Fe adsorbents had lower crystallinity and a higher surface area: 218.76 m2 g-1. Further, with a pHPZC of 6.3, CNF-Fe was positively charged at low pH and suitable for adsorption of anions at acidic conditions characteristic of acid mine drainage. In single-ions solutions, the removal efficiency of CNF-Fe was in the order Cr(VI)>As(V)>As(III) (i.e. 0.15, 0.12 and 0.11 mg g-1 respectively). Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo second-order model and isotherms were best fitted by the Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Temkin models. However, when CNF-Fe was applied to AMD-contaminated water (pH 2.7), Cr(VI) uptake decreased to ~39% which was likely due to competition from sulphate and selenium ions. Nevertheless, the adsorbent displayed regeneration capabilities with ~98% As and ~45% Cr desorbed after 24 hours of treatment. Together, these results suggest that cellulose supported ferrihydrite composites can be applied in treatment of mine drainage-contaminated water in conjunction with pre-treatments that limit SO42- and selenium concentrations.
Environmental Regulation and Green Productivity: Evidence of the Moderating Effect of Chinese Environmental Decentralization
Authors: Chen Zhen
Published: October 2020

Environmental decentralization (ED), as an institutional factor, impacts the effectiveness of environmental regulation to achieve green productivity (GTFP). Based on panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2001 to 2015, this paper assessed GTFP, whose value is higher than 1. A two-step generalized method of moments (GMM) was employed to test the effects of environmental regulations (environmental protection investment (ENV) and pollutant discharge fees (PDF)) on GTFP with or without being influenced by ED. Without the impact of ED, GTFP is significantly inhibited by ENV, while it is significantly promoted by PDF. Under the influences of environmental decentralization from the central to the local authorities (TED), ENV has insignificantly negative effects on GTFP; contrarily, PDF have positive effects on GTFP. As for moderating effects of environmental decentralization at different administrative levels within a province, the degree of provincial environmental decentralization (PTED) should be decreased, while the degrees of prefectural ED (UTED) and county-level ED (CTED) should be increased. Generally, rationally allocating environmental management power among various administrative levels in a province increases the effectiveness of PDF to achieve green productivity while decreases the negative effects of ENV.
Resilience Thinking and Strategies to Reclaim Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Cascade Tank-Village System (CTVS) in Sri Lanka
Authors: Melles Gavin , Perera Ethmadalage Dineth
Published: October 2020

Cascading Tank Village Systems (CTVSs) of Sri Lanka historically provided a resilient community-based social-ecological water management system in the rural dryzone of Sri Lanka [1]. The CTVS has been described as the ‘lifeblood’ of communities in the rural dry zone [2] and as a globally important Agricultural Heritage System by the FAO [3]. After being abandoned for many centuries, their restoration is now being pursued by different national and international actors as a key to climate change mitigation and sustainable livelihoods for communities [4]. Rural livelihoods in the dry zone are at risk due to multiple factors, poor access and management of water, economic and health pressures, as well as resource limitations and degradation [5]. Despite recent efforts to restore CTVS systems, no social-ecological approach (SES) nor sustainable livelihoods framework (SLF) focused approach to ensuring resilient and sustainable livelihood outcomes has been taken [6]. As part of an on-going PhD project, this paper describes the background, current challenges and potential for an SES focused resilience thinking approach to CTVS combined with a focus on sustainable livelihoods for future sustainable livelihood opportunities and outcomes. The study finds current restoration efforts are at a crossroads between restoring the past (system adaptability) or transforming for the future. It introduces relevant SES and resilience thinking concepts and analyses the CTVS from this perspective. A particular contribution of this study is to point to the significant overlaps and complementarities in social-ecological (SES) resilience thinking and SLF approaches to analysis and proposals for resilient rural development. Employing resilience thinking principles it recommends strategies to create positive livelihood outcomes for communities and households. Keywords: cascading tank village system; sustainable livelihoods; resilience thinking; Sri Lanka; rural dry zone; community rural development
Short-term Thermal Changes Affect Parasitism on Asian Chestnut Gall Wasp
Authors: Bonsignore Carmelo Peter , Vizzari Giusi , Vono Gregorio , Bernardo Umberto
Published: October 2020

Thermal variations affect tri-trophic interactions involving plants, herbivores, and parasitoids, causing a mismatch between their phenological cycles. In the current environmental context of climate change, climatic factors can undergo profound and sudden changes, such as sudden hot or cold snaps. Here we show that episodes of short but sustained low temperatures have increased, mainly in the month of May, in the last two decades. We subjected galls induced by Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW) Dryocosmus kuriphilus to cold stress to assess if and how the pest and its parasitoids were affected. Over the course of two years seasonal parasitism, parasitism rates, the relative abundance of each parasitoid species, and mortality of ACGW were calculated. We found that the cold treatment affected both pest and parasitoids, resulting in a reduction in emerging ACGWs and differing ratios of species within the parasitoid community. The striking example was the change in the relative frequency of three species of Eupelmus spp. and of Mesopolobus tibialis, which doubled in thermally-stressed galls in all chestnut fields. The thermal effects on the development of the host and the direct effects of cold temperatures on the surface of galls (i.e., humidity or hardness of the galls) warrant further research in this direction.
Super-Resolution Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (SR-PSI) - PS Densification Through Capon Based SAR Reprocessing
Authors: Zhang Hao , Lopez-Dekker Paco
Published: October 2020

The Capon algorithm can be applied to reprocess SAR images, resulting in super-resolution super-resolution reconstructed scenes with lower sidelobe levels. Base on this idea, we have proposed a processing chain of Super-Resolution Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (SR-PSI), to increase PS density. In this paper, we review the main aspect of SR-PSI. We also propose a revised robust Capon algorithm. The result of real-life Sentinel-1 (S-1) data is shown.
Monitoring Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Infestation in Soybean Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing
Authors: Barros Pedro P. S. , Schutze Inana X. , Iost Filho Fernando H. , Takao Yamamoto Pedro , Fiorio Peterson , Demattê José Alexandre Melo
Published: October 2020

Although monitoring and observing insect pest populations in the fields is essential in crop management, it is still a laborious and sometimes ineffective process. High infestation levels may diminish the photosynthetic activity of soybean plants, affecting their development and reducing the yield. An imprecise decision making in integrated pest management program may lead to an ineffective control in infested areas or the excessive use of insecticides. In order to reach a more efficient control of arthropods population it is important to evaluate the infestation in time to mitigate its negative effects on the crop and remote sensing is an important tool for monitoring. It was proposed that infested soybean areas could be identified, and the arthropods quantified from non-infested areas in a field by hyperspectral remote sensing. Thus, the goals of this study were to investigate and discriminate the reflectance characteristics of soybean non-infested and infested with Bemisia tabaci using hyperspectral remote sensing data. Therefore, samples of infested and non-infested soybean leaves were collected and transported to the laboratory to obtain the hyperspectral curves. The results obtained allowed to discriminate the different levels of infestation and to separate healthy from whitefly infested soybean leaves based on their reflectance.
Suitability of Different Deterrents for Short-Term Reduction of Wild Boar Contacts With Carcasses of African Swine Fever-Infected Animals
Authors: Denzin Nicolai , Helmstaedt Frithjof , Probst Carolina , Conraths Franz J.
Published: October 2020

African swine fever (ASF) is a viral infection of pigs and represents a major threat to animal health and trade. Due to the high tenacity of the causative virus also in carcasses of wild boar, contacts of wild boar with infectious carcasses are regarded an important driver of the so-called habitat cycle. The latter is believed to play a major role in maintaining the present ASF situation in wild boar in Europe. Therefore, search campaigns and timely removal and disposal of carcasses are considered important disease control approaches. If timely disposal is not feasible due to logistic reasons, deterrence of wild boar could be a provisionary option. The performance of seven deterrents (physical and chemical) was tested in a forest near Greifswald, Germany. Carcasses as entities of attraction for wild boar were substituted by luring sites. It could be demonstrated that certain physical (LED-Blinkers, aluminum stripes) and chemical (Wildschwein-Stopp™, Hukinol™) deterrents are capable of reducing significantly the odds of wild boar contacts to one third. It is recommended to carry a choice of the aforementioned, reasonable and easy to apply deterrents, when carcass search campaigns are launched in case of an outbreak of ASF in wild boar.
Plasma Facing Material by Self-Interstitial Solid Solution Strengthening – Problem, Proposition, and a Solution
Authors: Rafique Muhammad Musaddique Ali
Published: October 2020

Bubble (point defect) – a precursor of fuzz or under dense nanostructure formation is crystal lattice defect. Suitable selection of crystal lattice which inhibit Frenkel pair generation and intrinsically promotes selfinterstitial solid solution strengthening contributes effectively towards making plasma facing material. For this, interstitial sites, their size, amount / fraction, positions, tendency of occupation and diffusion parameters (e.g. activation energies (Q), activation volumes) are determined. Fcc iron carbon alloys (austenitic stainless steels AISI / SAE 321, fcc structure, Pearson code cF4, space group Fm3̅m) are proposed as suitable candidates. Along with their room temperature fcc structure having 12 interstitial positions (4 octahedral, 6 coordination sites and 8 tetrahedral, 4 coordination sites / unit cell) to allow insertion of self (iron) atoms, they have excellent corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, and nonmagnetic properties. After their melting, casting, and machining to required dimensions and geometry, stabilizing heat treatment is applied to precipitate all carbon as TiC and prevent formation of Cr23C6 (sensitization). This resist heat and surface degradation and yield excellent architecture which not only inhibit Frankel pair generation but will also allow bulk assimilation or surface annihilation (loop punching) of this lattice point defect. A superior thermal, fluid, and structural design augment above
Calculating Printing Speed for Polylactic Acid/Continuous Glass Fiber Composites via Fused Filament Fabrication
Authors: Akhoundi Behnam , Nabipour Mojtaba , Kordi Omid , Hajami Faramarz , S. Band Shahab , Mosavi Amir
Published: October 2020

In this study, a novel task of printing speed optimization for continuous fiber composites is investigated. Using continuous fibers is an innovative approach to reinforce products made by fused filament fabrication (FFF) additive manufacturing (AM) technology. In the printing process of composites with continuous fibers, the printing speed is critical because of its significant effect on the geometric shape of the samples, especially their corners. During optimization in this research, continuous glass fiber (CGF) and polylactic acid (PLA) filaments were utilized as reinforcing phase and matrix, respectively, and were simultaneously fed into the extrusion-based polymer 3D printer to form PLA/CGF composites. The optimization was carried out by calculating the temperature changes of the deposited rasters in the presence and absence of fibers as a first step and then determining the special relationship between the printing speeds and rasters temperature changes. Finally, the optimal and the maximum printing speed was computed based on a hypothesis, which is proved by the results of high-quality printed composites with different geometric shapes.
Multistage Sample Average Approximation for Harvest Scheduling under Climate Uncertainty
Authors: Bagaram Martin , Tóth Sándor
Published: October 2020

Forest planners have traditionally used expected growth and yield coefficients to predict future merchantable timber volumes. However, because climate change affects forest growth, the typical forest planning methods using expected value of forest growth can lead to sub-optimal harvest decisions. We proposed in this paper to formulate the harvest planning with growth uncertainty due to climate change problem as a multistage stochastic optimization problem and use sample average approximation (SAA) as a tool for finding the best set of forest units that should be harvested in the first period even though we have a limited knowledge of what future climate will be. The objective of the harvest planning model is to maximize the expected value of the net present value (NPV) considering the uncertainty in forest growth and thus in revenues from timber harvest. The proposed model was tested on a small forest with 89 stands and the numerical results showed that the approach allows to have superior solutions in terms of net present value and robustness in face of different climate scenarios compared to the approach using the expected growth and yield. The SAA methods requires to generate samples from the distribution of the random parameter. Our results suggested that a sampling scheme that focuses on generating high number of samples in distant future stages is favorable compared to having large sample sizes for the near future stages. Finally, we demonstrated that, depending on the level of forest growth change, ignoring this uncertainty can negatively affect forest resources sustainability.
Anterolateral Versus Posterolateral Approach for Lateral Condylar Fractures of the Humerus in Children
Authors: Tomori Yuji , Nanno Mitsuhiko , Takai Shinro
Published: October 2020

Background:

Two surgical approaches, an anterolateral and a posterolateral approach, have been advocated for lateral condylar fractures (LCFs) of the humerus in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic and clinical outcomes of the 2 surgical approaches.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed the data of consecutive patients <15 years of age with an LCF treated via open reduction and internal fixation through 1 of 2 surgical approaches during the period of April 2000 to March 2019. Patients were classified into the anterolateral (AL) and posterolateral (PL) groups, according to the surgical approach used. Postoperative complications and radiographic and clinical findings (including range of motion and findings on the basis of the Flynn criteria) were investigated. To investigate humeral deformity, the Baumann angle and the carrying angle were measured on anteroposterior radiographs.

Results:

Sixty-one of 82 patients met the inclusion criteria. The AL group included 17 patients (13 male, 4 female), and the PL group included 44 patients (28 male, 16 female). In the PL group, 7 patients had cubitus varus deformity, 3 had malunion due to unacceptable reduction of fracture fragments, and 6 had elbow joint contracture. In the AL group, the overall clinical results were excellent for 15 patients and good for 2. In the PL group, the clinical results were excellent for 12 patients, good for 14, fair for 6, and poor for 12.

Conclusions:

An anterolateral approach would be the optimal approach for an LCF in pediatric patients.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Upregulation of miR-205 induces CHN1 expression, which is associated with the aggressive behaviour of cervical cancer cells and correlated with lymph node metastasis
Authors: liu jianbing , li yunfeng , chen xihua , xu xiangbo , zhao haoqi , wang shufang , hao jianqing , he bin , liu shuyan , wang jiedong
Published: October 2020

Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. However, the mechanisms mediating the development and progression of cervical cancer are unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the roles of microRNAs and a1-chimaerin (CHN1) protein in cervical cancer progression. Methods: The expression of miR-205 and CHN1 protein was investigated by in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry. We predicted the target genes of miR-205 using software prediction and dual luciferase assays. The expression of mRNAs and proteins was tested by qRT-PCR and western blotting respectively. The ability of cell growth, migration and invasion was evaluated by CCK-8 and transwell. Cell apoptosis was analysed by flow cytometry analysis. Results: We found that miR-205 and CHN1 were highly expressed in human cervical cancer tissue compared with paired normal cervical tissues. The CHN1 gene was shown to be targeted by miR-205 in HeLa cells. Interestingly, transfection with miR-205 mimic upregulated CHN1 mRNA and protein, while miR-205 inhibitor downregulated CHN1 in high-risk and human papilloma virus (HPV)-negative human cervical cancer cells in vitro ,. These data suggested that miR-205 positively regulated the expression of CHN1. Furthermore, the miR-205 mimic promoted cell growth, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in high-risk and HPV-negative cervical cancer cells, while the miR-205 inhibitor blocked these biological processes. Knockdown of CHN1 obviously reduced the aggressive cellular behaviours induced by upregulation of miR-205 , suggesting that miR-205 positively regulated CHN1 to mediate these cell behaviours during the development of cervical cancer. Furthermore, CHN1 was correlated with lymph node metastasis in clinical specimens. Conclusions: Our findings showed that miR-205 positively regulated CHN1 to mediate cell growth, apoptosis, migration, and invasion during cervical cancer development, particularly for high-risk HPV-type cervical cancer. These findings suggested that dysregulation of miR-205 and subsequent abnormalities in CHN1 expression promoted the oncogenic potential of human cervical cancer .
Cytokeratin-positive cells in the bone marrow from patients with pancreatic, periampullary malignancy and benign pancreatic disease show no prognostic information
Authors: Hugenschmidt Harald , Labori Knut Jørgen , Brunborg Cathrine , Verbeke Caroline Sophie , Seeberg Lars Thomas , Schirmer Cecilie Bendigtsen , Renolen Anne , Borgen Elin , Naume Bjørn , Wiedswang Gro
Published: October 2020

Background: Pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma are aggressive tumours where preoperative assessment is challenging. Disseminated tumour cells (DTC) in the bone marrow (BM) are associated with impaired prognosis in a variety of epithelial cancers. In a cohort of patients with presumed resectable pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma, we evaluated the frequency and the potential prognostic impact of the preoperative presence of DTC, defined as cytokeratin-positive cells detected by immunocytochemistry (ICC). Methods: Preoperative BMsamples from 242 patients selected for surgical resection of presumed resectable pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma from 09/2009 to 12/2014, were analysed for presence of CK-positive cells by ICC. The median observation time was 21.5 months. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. Results: Successful resections of malignant tumours were performed in 179 of the cases, 30 patients resected had benign pancreatic disease based on postoperative histology, and 33 were deemed inoperable intraoperatively due to advanced disease. Overall survival for patients with resected carcinoma was 21.1 months (95% CI: 18.0-24.1), for those with benign disease OS was 101 months (95% CI: 69.4-132) and for those with advanced disease OS was 8.8 months (95% CI: 4.3-13.3).The frequency of CK-positive cells was 6/168 (3.6%) in resected malignant cases, 2/31 (6.5%) in advanced disease and 4/29 (13.8%) in benign disease. The presence of CK-positive cells was not correlated to OS or DFS, neither in the entire cohort nor in the subgroup negative for circulating tumour cells (CTC).Conclusions: The results indicate that CK-positive cells may be present in both patients with malignant and benign diseases of the pancreas. Detection of CK-positive cells was not associated with differences in prognosis for the entire cohort or any of the subgroups analysed. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01919151)