bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of imagination in professional education to enable learning about disadvantaged clients
Authors: Hall Valerie , Hart Angie
Published: November 2004

Professional education is delivered equally on campus and in practice placements but until lately, theories of learning and teaching in higher education have focused mainly on processing text‐based forms of knowledge. Even more recently introduced learning methods such as reflection and problem or enquiry based learning do not fully address the complex and often challenging learning needs of student health and social care professionals as they face the reality of everyday professional practice (Hall 2001). Working in a practice placement requires students to be able to make sense of the chaotic events going on around them that frequently evoke emotional responses, and challenge the individual's value and belief systems, which can lead to a changed outlook on life (Howard 2002). This means that the type of learning, which occurs in practice settings, is often implicit in nature and the knowledge gained is likely to be tacit making it difficult to share with others. However, what is learnt implicitly both within the placement and campus will have a significant impact on later practice and therefore we need a mechanism to ‘unlock’ this tacit knowledge.

In this paper we propose that creative methods of learning such as developing the use of imagination may have more direct application in bringing into the public domain previous implicit learning experiences. As a means of exploring this issue we present our recent research (Hart et al. 2001), which assessed how qualified and pre qualified midwives are educationally prepared to work with disadvantaged women, an area of crucial importance, and one that is personally and professionally challenging. From the findings of this research we created a learning model which can be used by lecturers or practice educators either in the campus or practice settings. We conclude the paper with a discussion evaluating its fitness for enabling students to learn about disadvantaged clients.
Molecular Dynamics Study of Phase Change Mechanisms During Femtosecond Laser Ablation
Authors: Xu Xianfan , Cheng Changrui , Chowdhury Ihtesham H.
Published: November 2004

In this work, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation is employed to investigate femtosecond laser ablation of copper, with an emphasis on the understanding of the mechanism of phase change during laser ablation. Laser induced heat transfer, melting, surface evaporation, and material ablation are studied. Theoretically, it has been suggested that under intense femtosecond laser irradiation, the material undergoes a volumetric phase change process; its maximum temperature can be close to or even above the thermodynamic critical point. The MD simulations allow us to determine the transient temperature history of the irradiated material and to reveal the exact phase change process, which explains the mechanisms of femtosecond laser ablation. A finite difference calculation is also performed, which is used to compare results of heating and melting prior to a significant amount of material being ablated.
In Vivo Activity of Enzymatic and Regulatory Components of the Phosphoenolpyruvate:Sugar Phosphotransferase System in
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Authors: Halbedel Sven , Hames Claudine , Stülke Jörg
Published: November 2004

Mycoplasma pneumoniae
is a pathogenic bacterium that is highly adapted to life on mucosal surfaces. This adaptation is reflected by the very compact genome and the small number of regulatory proteins. However,
M. pneumoniae
possesses the HPr kinase/phosphorylase (HPrK/P), the key regulator of carbon metabolism in the
Firmicutes
. In contrast to the enzymes of other bacteria, the HPrK/P of
M. pneumoniae
is already active at very low ATP concentrations, suggesting a different mode of regulation. In this work, we studied the ability of
M. pneumoniae
to utilize different carbohydrates and their effects on the activity of the different phosphotransferase system (PTS) components. Glucose served as the best carbon source, with a generation time of about 30 h. Fructose and glycerol were also used but at lower rates and with lower yields. In contrast,
M. pneumoniae
is unable to use mannitol even though the bacterium is apparently equipped with all the genes required for mannitol catabolism. This observation is probably a reflection of the continuing and ongoing reduction of the
M. pneumoniae
genome. The general enzymatic and regulatory components of the PTS, i.e., enzyme I, HPr, and HPrK/P, were present under all growth conditions tested in this study. However, HPrK/P activity is strongly increased if the medium contains glycerol. Thus, the control of HPrK/P in vivo differs strongly between
M. pneumoniae
and the other
Firmicutes
. This difference may relate to the specific conditions on lipid-rich cell surfaces.
Population Structure and Evolution of the
Bacillus cereus
Group
Authors: Priest Fergus G. , Barker Margaret , Baillie Les W. J. , Holmes Edward C. , Maiden Martin C. J.
Published: November 2004

Representative strains of the
Bacillus cereus
group of bacteria, including
Bacillus anthracis
(11 isolates),
B. cereus
(38 isolates),
Bacillus mycoides
(1 isolate),
Bacillus thuringiensis
(53 isolates from 17 serovars), and
Bacillus weihenstephanensis
(2 isolates) were assigned to 59 sequence types (STs) derived from the nucleotide sequences of seven alleles,
glpF
,
gmk
,
ilvD
,
pta
,
pur
,
pycA
, and
tpi
. Comparisons of the maximum likelihood (ML) tree of the concatenated sequences with individual gene trees showed more congruence than expected by chance, indicating a generally clonal structure to the population. The STs followed two major lines of descent. Clade 1 comprised
B. anthracis
strains, numerous
B. cereus
strains, and rare
B. thuringiensis
strains, while clade 2 included the majority of the
B. thuringiensis
strains together with some
B. cereus
strains. Other species were allocated to a third, heterogeneous clade. The ML trees and split decomposition analysis were used to assign STs to eight lineages within clades 1 and 2. These lineages were defined by bootstrap analysis and by a preponderance of fixed differences over shared polymorphisms among the STs. Lineages were named with reference to existing designations: Anthracis, Cereus I, Cereus II, Cereus III, Kurstaki, Sotto, Thuringiensis, and Tolworthi. Strains from some
B. thuringiensis
serovars were wholly or largely assigned to a single ST, for example, serovar aizawai isolates were assigned to ST-15, serovar kenyae isolates were assigned to ST-13, and serovar tolworthi isolates were assigned to ST-23, while other serovars, such as serovar canadensis, were genetically heterogeneous. We suggest a revision of the nomenclature in which the lineage and clone are recognized through name and ST designations in accordance with the clonal structure of the population.
Essentiality of the Early Transcript in the Replication Origin of the Lactococcal Prolate Phage c2
Authors: Schiemann Anja H. , Rakonjac Jasna , Callanan Michael , Gordon James , Polzin Kayla , Lubbers Mark W. , O'Toole Paul W.
Published: November 2004

The genome of the prolate-headed lytic lactococcal bacteriophage c2 is organized into two divergently oriented blocks consisting of the early genes and the late genes. These blocks are separated by the noncoding origin of DNA replication. We examined the functional role of transcription of the origin in a plasmid model system. Deletion of the early promoter P
E
1 abolished origin function. Introduction of mutations into P
E
1 which did not eliminate promoter activity or replacement of P
E
1 with an unrelated but functional promoter did not abolish replication. The A-T-rich region upstream of P
E
1, which is conserved in prolate phages, was not required for plasmid replication. Replacement of the P
E
1 transcript template sequence with an unrelated sequence with a similar G+C content abolished replication, showing that the sequence encoding the transcript is essential for origin function. Truncated transcript and internal deletion constructs did not support replication except when the deletion was at the very 3′ end of the DNA sequence coding for the transcript. The P
E
1 transcript could be detected for all replication-proficient constructs. Recloning in a plasmid vector allowed detection of P
E
1 transcripts from some fragments that did not support replication, indicating that stability of the transcript alone was not sufficient for replication. The data suggest that production of a transcript of a specific length and with a specific sequence or structure is essential for the function of the phage c2 origin in this model system.
The Chromosomally Encoded Cation Diffusion Facilitator Proteins DmeF and FieF from
Wautersia metallidurans
CH34 Are Transporters of Broad Metal Specificity
Authors: Munkelt Doreen , Grass Gregor , Nies Dietrich H.
Published: November 2004

Genomic sequencing of the β-proteobacterium
Wautersia
(previously
Ralstonia) metallidurans
CH34 revealed the presence of three genes encoding proteins of the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family. One, CzcD, was previously found to be part of the high-level metal resistance system Czc that mediates the efflux of Co(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) ions catalyzed by the CzcCBA cation-proton antiporter. The second CDF protein, FieF, is probably mainly a ferrous iron detoxifying protein but also mediated some resistance against other divalent metal cations such as Zn(II), Co(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) in
W. metallidurans
or
Escherichia coli
. The third CDF protein, DmeF, showed the same substrate spectrum as FieF, but with different preferences. DmeF plays the central role in cobalt homeostasis in
W. metallidurans
, and a disruption of
dmeF
rendered the high-level metal cation resistance systems Czc and Cnr ineffective against Co(II). This is evidence for the periplasmic detoxification of substrates by RND transporters of the heavy metal efflux family subgroup.
Regulation of Iron Transport inStreptococcus pneumoniaeby RitR, an Orphan Response Regulator
Authors: Ulijasz Andrew T. , Andes David R. , Glasner Jeremy D. , Weisblum Bernard
Published: November 2004

RitR (formerly RR489) is an orphan two-component signal transduction response regulator inStreptococcus pneumoniaethat has been shown to be required for lung pathogenicity. In the present study, by using the rough strain R800, inactivation of the orphan response regulator generitRby allele replacement reduced pathogenicity in a cyclophosphamide-treated mouse lung model but not in a thigh model, suggesting a role for RitR in regulation of tissue-specific virulence factors. Analysis of changes in genome-wide transcript mRNA levels associated with the inactivation ofritRcompared to wild-type cells was performed by the use of high-density DNA microarrays. Genes with a change in transcript abundance associated with inactivation ofritRincludedpiuB, encoding an Fe permease subunit, andpiuA, encoding an Fe carrier-binding protein. In addition, adprortholog, encoding an H2O2resistance protein that has been shown to reduce synthesis of reactive oxygen intermediates, was activated in the wild-type (ritR+) strain. Microarray experiments suggested that RitR represses Fe uptake in vitro by negatively regulating the Piu hemin-iron transport system. Footprinting experiments confirmed site-specific DNA-binding activity for RitR and identified three binding sites that partly overlap the +1 site for transcription initiation upstream ofpiuB. Transcripts belonging to other gene categories found to be differentially expressed in our array studies include those associated with (i) H2O2resistance, (ii) repair of DNA damage, (iii) sugar transport and capsule biosynthesis, and (iv) two-component signal transduction elements. These observations suggest that RitR is an important response regulator whose primary role is to maintain iron homeostasis inS. pneumoniae. The nameritR(repressor of iron transport) for the orphan response regulator gene,rr489, is proposed.
The Malic Enzyme Is Required for Optimal Photoautotrophic Growth of
Synechocystis
sp. Strain PCC 6803 under Continuous Light but Not under a Diurnal Light Regimen
Authors: Bricker Terry M. , Zhang Shulu , Laborde Susan M. , Mayer Paul R. , Frankel Laurie K. , Moroney James V.
Published: November 2004

A mutation was recovered in the
slr0721
gene, which encodes the decarboxylating NADP
+
-dependent malic enzyme in the cyanobacterium
Synechocystis
sp. strain PCC 6803, yielding the mutant 3WEZ. Under continuous light, 3WEZ exhibits poor photoautotrophic growth while growing photoheterotrophically on glucose at rates nearly indistinguishable from wild-type rates. Interestingly, under diurnal light conditions (12 h of light and 12 h of dark), normal photoautotrophic growth of the mutant is completely restored.
The Gatehouse Project: can a multilevel school intervention affect emotional wellbeing and health risk behaviours?
Authors: Bond Lyndal , Patton George , Glover Sara , Carlin John B , Butler Helen , Thomas Lyndal , Bowes Glenn
Published: November 2004

Study objective:The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a multilevel school based intervention on adolescents’ emotional wellbeing and health risk behaviours.

Design:School based cluster randomised controlled trial. Students were surveyed using laptop computers, twice in the first year of intervention and annually thereafter for a further two years.

Setting:Secondary schools.

Participants:2678 year 8 students (74%) participated in the first wave of data collection. Attrition across the waves was less than 3%, 8%, and 10% respectively with no differential response rate between intervention and control groups at the subsequent waves (98%v96%; 92%v92%, and 90%v89% respectively).

Main results:A comparatively consistent 3% to 5% risk difference was found between intervention and control students for any drinking, any and regular smoking, and friends’ alcohol and tobacco use across the three waves of follow up. The largest effect was a reduction in the reporting of regular smoking by those in the intervention group (OR 0.57, 0.62, and 0.72 at waves 2, 3, and 4 respectively). There was no significant effect of the intervention on depressive symptoms, and social and school relationships.

Conclusions:While further research is required to determine fully the processes of change, this study shows that a focus on general cognitive skills and positive changes to the social environment of the school can have a substantial impact on important health risk behaviours.
INCORPORATING PRODUCTION RULES WITH SPATIAL INFORMATION ONTO A NEOCOGNITRON NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: YEUNG DANIEL S. , CHAN HING-YIP , CHEUNG KWAN-FAI
Published: November 2004

Rule-embedded neocognitron (REN) is proposed where the knowledge base of a neocognitron is constructed through incorporating production rules into its interlayer connections. Prototype patterns training is not required. The semantic of interlayer connections is established. The resulting network can now be analyzed according to the rule structure and problematic portions can be corrected. We demonstrate the ease with which performance can be improved by applying REN on handwritten numeral recognition. The same set of handwritten numerals initiated by Fukushima is used to test this methodology. It is found that the performance is comparable with that of Fukushima’s neocognitron with supervised training.
A HYBRID COGNITIVE SYSTEM USING PRODUCTION RULES TO SYNTHESIZE NEOCOGNITRONS
Authors: YEUNG DANIEL S. , CHAN HING-YIP
Published: November 2004

A hybrid cognitive system is proposed where a working neocognitron is synthesized with a set of production rules. The knowledge base of a neocognitron is constructed through incorporating production rules into its interlayer connections. Training for prototype patterns is not required. The semantic of interlayer connections is established. The resulting network can now be analyzed according to the rule structure and problematic portions can be corrected. Neocognitrons constructed using this hybrid approach have been tested on the same set of handwritten numerals initiated by Fukushima with scaling and skewing distortions, and with noise contamination. It is found that the performance is comparable to that of Fukushima’s network obtained by supervised training.
TACKLING THE SIGN PROBLEM
Authors: Kieu T D , Griffin C J
Published: November 2004

To tackle the sign problem in the simulations of systems having indefinite or complex-valued measures, we propose a new approach which yields statistical errors smaller than the crude Monte Carlo using absolute values of the original measures. The 1D complex-coupling Ising model is employed as an illustration.
THE COULOMB-HIGGS PHASE TRANSITION OF THE U(1)-HIGGS MODEL
Authors: Cruz A. , Tarancón A. , Fernández L.A. , Sudupe A. Muñoz , Ruiz-Lorenzo J.J.
Published: November 2004

We study the Coulomb-Higgs phase transition of the U(1)-Higgs model.
PERSPECTIVES ON THE USE OF WWW IN (ITALIAN) ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Authors: BENACCHIO LEOPOLDO
Published: November 2004

WWW, its interfaces and tools, can represent a big opportunity to solve some historical problems of the astronomers. After a description of the state of the Italian Astronomy and Astrophysics environment, with special emphasis to the network usage and to the development of two challenging new technology telescopes, some of the more important (for us) topics are discussed. Several of the major points described in this paper have been outlined and exposed by several authors during a recent Workshop devoted to the first experiments with WWW in the Italian Astronomical Observatories. The application to a very promising field, the astronomical archives, and its fall-out on the organization of the work in observational astronomy is finally discussed.
COMPUTING THE BRST OPERATOR USED IN QUANTIZATION OF GAUGE THEORIES
Authors: BURNEL A. , CAPRASSE H. , DRESSE A.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that for a large class of non-holonomic quantum mechanical systems one can make the computation of BRST charge fully algorithmic. Two computer algebra programs written in the language of REDUCE are described. They are able to realize the complex calculations needed to determine the charge for general nonlinear algebras. Some interesting specific solutions are discussed.
NEUTRINO OSCILLATION AND LEPTON MASS MATRIX
Authors: MATUMOTO KEN-ITI , SUEMATSU DAIJIRO
Published: November 2004

We apply the empirical quark mass matrices to the lepton sector and study the solar neutrino problem and the atmospheric vμ deficit problem simultaneously. We show that their consistent explanation is possible on the basis of these matrices. The lepton sector mass matrices need the phase structure which is different from the ones of the quark sector. However, even if the phase structure of the mass matrices is identical in both sectors, an interesting suppression mechanism of sin 2 2θ12 which is related to the solar neutrino problem can be induced from the right-handed neutrino Majorana mass matrix. We discuss such a possibility through the concrete examples.
NEGATIVE BINOMIAL FITS TO MULTIPLICITY DISTRIBUTIONS FROM CENTRAL 16O+Cu COLLISIONS AT 14.6 A GeV/c AND THEIR IMPLICATION FOR “INTERMITTENCY”
Authors: TANNENBAUM M.J.
Published: November 2004

The method of normalized factorial moments has been used extensively to study the fluctuations in pseudorapidity of charged particle multiplicity as a function of the interval δη. Experience in analyzing the data from light and heavy ion collisions in terms of distributions rather than moments suggests that conventional fluctuations of multiplicity and transverse energy can be well described by gamma or Negative Binomial Distributions (NBD). Multiplicity distributions from central (ZCAL) collisions of 16 O+Cu at 14.6 A GeV/c have been analyzed by the E802 collaboration as a function of the interval δη≥0.1 in the range 1.2≤η≤2.2. Excellent fits to NBD were obtained in all δη bins. The k parameter of the NBD fit exhibits a steep linear increase with the δη interval, which due to the well known property of the NBD under convolution, indicates that the multiplicity distributions in adjacent bins of pseudorapidity δη~0.1 are largely statistically independent. This result explains and demystifies “intermittency.”
GAUGED HETEROTIC SIGMA-MODELS
Authors: HULL C.M.
Published: November 2004

The gauging of isometries in general sigma-models which include fermionic terms which represent the interaction of strings with background Yang-Mills fields is considered. Gauging is possible only if certain obstructions are absent. The quantum gauge anomaly is discussed, and then the (1, 0) supersymmetric generalization of the gauge action given.
THE EFFECT OF TOP QUARK LOOP ON THE NEUTRAL PSEUDO-GOLDSTONE BOSON PRODUCTION FROM Z DECAYS
Authors: YUE CHONG XING , RU LU GONG
Published: November 2004

The main production mechanism of neutral pseudo-Goldstone bosons, as predicted in technicolor models, is via their couplings to gauge bosons. We calculate the effect of top quark loop on the coupling. The result affects the prediction of the neutral pseudo-Goldstone boson production from Z decays.
POSSIBILITY OF STRANGELETS IN NEUTRON MATTER
Authors: CHAKRABARTY SOMENATH
Published: November 2004

Using dynamical density dependent quark mass model of confinement the possibility of a composite phase of strangelets embedded in neutron matter is investigated. This particular phase is shown to be the absolute ground state of matter at the low density regime.
FERMIONIC COSET MODELS AS TOPOLOGICAL MODELS
Authors: ROSSINI G.L. , SCHAPOSNIK F.A.
Published: November 2004

By considering the fermionic realization of G/H coset models, we show that the partition function for the U(1)/U(1) model defines a topological quantum field theory and coincides with that of a two-dimensional Abelian BF system. In the non-Abelian case, we prove the topological character of G/G coset models by explicit computation, also finding a natural extension of two-dimensional BF systems with non-Abelian symmetry.
THE EXACT TACHYON BETA-FUNCTION FOR THE WESS-ZUMINO-WITTEN MODEL
Authors: JACK I. , JONES D.R.T.
Published: November 2004

We derive an exact expression for the tachyon β-function for the Wess-Zumino-Witten model. We check our result up to three loops by calculating the three-loop tachyon β-function for a general nonlinear σ-model with torsion, and then specializing to the case of WZW model.
ON THE HIGHER ORDER CORRECTIONS TO HEAVY QUARK EFFECTIVE THEORY
Authors: DAS ASHOK
Published: November 2004

We show that different ways of deriving the Heavy Quark Effective Theory (HQET) lead to equivalent theories. The equivalence can be established through a careful redefinition of the field variables. We demonstrate the equivalence to order 1/m5 in the presence of a constant electric field.
SOME CORRELATORS OF SU(3)3 WZW MODELS ON HIGHER-GENUS RIEMANN SURFACES
Authors: ALIMOHAMMADI MASOUD
Published: November 2004

Using the conformal embedding on the torus, we can express some characters of SU(3)3 in terms of SO (8)1 characters. Then with the help of crossing symmetry, modular transformation and factorization properties of Green functions, we will calculate a class of correlators of SU (3)3 on arbitrary Riemann surfaces. This method can be applied to all k>1 WZW models which can be conformally embedded in some k=1 WZW models.
EXPLICIT SOLUTIONS FOR TRUNCATED COULOMB POTENTIAL OBTAINED FROM SUPERSYMMETRY
Authors: FILHO ELSO DRIGO
Published: November 2004

The Schrödinger equation with the truncated Coulomb potential is solved using the supersymmetric quantum mechanics formalism, with and without the cutoff in the angular momentum potential. We obtain some analytical eigenfunctions and eigenvalues for particular values of the cutoff parameter.
COHERENT STATES, DYNAMICS AND SEMICLASSICAL LIMIT ON QUANTUM GROUPS
Authors: YA. AREF'EVA I. , PARTHASARATHY R. , VISWANATHAN K. S. , VOLOVICH I. V.
Published: November 2004

Coherent states on the quantum group SU q(2) are defined by using harmonic analysis and representation theory of the algebra of functions on the quantum group. Semiclassical limit q → 1 is discussed and the crucial role of special states on the quantum algebra in an investigation of the semiclassical limit is emphasized. An approach to q-deformation as a q-Weyl quantization and a relevance of contact geometry in this context is pointed out. Dynamics on the quantum group parametrized by a real time variable and corresponding to classical rotations is considered.
ON THE INFINITE ORDER RESUMATION OF SOME FINITE TEMPERATURE DIAGRAMS
Authors: FUJIMOTO YASUSHI , LOEWE M. , ROJAS J. C.
Published: November 2004

In the scalar ɸ4 theory we discuss the behavior of the thermal four-point amplitude, after making a resumation of an infinite chain of loops. The calculation is presented in the thermofield dynamics formalism. It is shown that the zero temperature contribution to the real part of the amplitude has no differences with respect to the usual one-loop result. This is not the case, however, for the temperature-dependent part, where the loop resumation implies a completely different behavior of the amplitude, for the real as well as for the imaginary parts, compared to the one-loop result.
TANIMOTO-TYPE QUARK MASS MATRIX WITH HIERARCHICAL TWO-STEP STRUCTURE
Authors: KOIDE YOSHIO , FUSAOKA HIDEO
Published: November 2004

A possibility that the quark mass matrix is described in terms of only two terms with hierarchically different magnitudes is investigated from a phenomenological point of view. We find a simple mass matrix form which can provide reasonable predictions of quark masses and Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements.
DETECTION OF INTERMEDIATE MASS HIGGS BOSONS FROM SPONTANEOUSLY BROKEN R-PARITY SUPERSYMMETRY
Authors: ROMÃO J. C. , DIAZ-CRUZ J. L. , DE CAMPOS F. , VALLE J. W. F.
Published: November 2004

The Higgs sector in spontaneously broken R-parity supersymmetry (RPSUSY) shows interesting features that require new search techniques. Both the mass spectrum and production rates may differ from the Standard Model and minimal supersymmetric model (MSSM) expectations. For some parameter choices, the dominant Higgs boson decay mode can even be invisible, leading to events with large missing transverse momentum carried by superweakly interacting majorons. We study the reaction pp → Z + H + X, and find that it can lead to detectable events at LHC/SSC for a large region of parameter space.
QCD EVOLUTION BY FINITE ELEMENT METHODS
Authors: BENESH C. J.
Published: November 2004

A simple, new method for solving the Q2 evolution of parton distributions in perturbative QCD using cubic splines is described and applied to the evolution of non-singlet quark distributions.
TOPOLOGICAL FIELD THEORIES ON THE COMPACT KÄHLER COMPLEX SURFACES
Authors: LEE HYUK-JAE
Published: November 2004

The structure of topological quantum field theories on the compact Kähler manifold is interpreted. The BRST transformations of fields are derived from universal bundle and the observables are found from the second Chern class of universal bundle.
CLASSICAL DESCRIPTION OF TRANSVERSE MODES IN RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR MATTER
Authors: NIELSEN M. , PROVIDÊNCIA C. , da PROVIDÊNCIA J. , LIN WANG-RU
Published: November 2004

A relativistic version of the Vlasov equation has recently been applied to the study of infinite nuclear matter, under the assumption that in hadronic matter the interactions are mediated by massive scalar and vector fields. The transverse small amplitude oscillations around a stationary state are studied in the framework of that model. In particular, orthogonality and completeness relations for the transverse modes are obtained. The corresponding energy weighted sum rule is derived.
EXACT DUALITY AND NILPOTENT GAUGING
Authors: KUMAR ALOK , MAHAPATRA SWAPNA
Published: November 2004

We obtain new duality transformations, relating some exact string backgrounds, by defining the nilpotent duality. We show that the ungauged SL (2, ℝ) WZW model transforms by its action into the three-dimensional plane wave geometry. We also give the inverse transformation from the plane wave to the SL (2, ℝ) model and discuss the implications of the results.
PROPERTIES OF THE NUCLEON AND THE DELTA(1232) IN THE πρωa1(f1) CHIRAL SOLITON MODEL
Authors: ZHANG L. , MUKHOPADHYAY NIMAI C.
Published: November 2004

We investigate the physics of the nucleon and the Δ(1232), in particular, the diagonal and off-diagonal electroweak form factors, in the framework of a πρω a 1(f1) chiral soliton model, consistent with QCD. The effective meson Lagrangian reproduces known meson properties, and yields phenomenological improvements over the πρω chiral soliton model for all the leading order baryon observables, in the [Formula: see text] expansion.
NO-GO THEOREMS FOR NONSUPERSYMMETRIC FINITE QUANTUM FIELD THEORIES
Authors: GRANDITS PETER
Published: November 2004

We consider the finiteness conditions on the Yukawa couplings of a general quantum field theory for groups SU (N). Their gauge invariance leads us to the necessary structure of the couplings, and for some cases the nonexistence of non-trivial solutions is proved. Somewhat miraculously a special role of SU(5) emerges as a possible case of evading these no-go theorems.
DIAGRAMMATIC APPROACH TO THE VACUUM ENERGY DENSITY: THE GROSS-NEVEU MODEL AT LARGE-N
Authors: YAMADA HIROFUMI
Published: November 2004

An approach to the vacuum energy density based on a direct diagrammatic expansion in the generalized Hartree-Fock scheme is studied in the Gross-Neveu model as an example. To keep the coherence with the calculation of the chiral condensate, the vacuum energy density, ε, is expanded in terms of the effective charge associated with the condensate. Then ε is calculated by substituting the optimal value of the effective charge which specifies the solution for the condensate. The result agrees well with the exact energy density to several higher orders of the expansion, showing that our procedure works well.
ON THE EQUILIBRIUM DISTRIBUTION OF THE STOCHASTICALLY QUANTIZED YANG-MILLS THEORY
Authors: MUSAYEV S.
Published: November 2004

The structure of the stochastically quantized Yang-Mills theory with the Zwanziger gauge fixing term in the equilibrium limit is explored. The theory turns out to be extremely sophisticated and includes an infinite number of nonlocal vertices. It is the quantum Yang-Mills theory in the gauge different from the ones familiar to us.
QED VERTEX PART IN NONLOCAL REGULARIZATION
Authors: BHAGEERATHI P.C. RAJE , EAPEN KURUVILLA
Published: November 2004

Evens et al.1 have given a gauge invariant regularization scheme for QED which they have named nonlocal regularization. We have evaluated the QED vertex part in this scheme of regularization. This result agrees with the expression obtained using dimensional regularization apart from numerical constants.
REACTIONS γγ→K+K− AND $\gamma \gamma \to K^0 \bar K^0 $ NEAR THRESHOLD
Authors: ACHASOV N.N. , SHESTAKOV G.N.
Published: November 2004

The absence of the large Born term contribution found experimentally near the γγ→ K+K− reaction threshold is discussed. There are, at least, two reasons of the Born term suppression: i) the presence of a form factor and ii) the compensation of the Born term by the contributions from a0(980) and f0(975) resonances strongly coupled to the [Formula: see text] channel. This compensation is a natural consequence of the unitarity condition. In its turn, the isotopic invariance guarantees a cancellation of the a0(980) and f0(975) contributions in [Formula: see text]
ADIABATIC SPECTRAL FLOW AND CHANGE OF MORSE INDICES
Authors: ONO HIDEKI , KURATSUJI HIROSHI
Published: November 2004

The concept of the Morse index characterizes the behavior near the critical points of the action functional that governs physical systems. We study the specific feature of Morse indices for the case that there are several number of critical points; on each of these critical points the Morse indices are defined. As a concrete example, we consider a model of one-dimensional field theory model. By using the idea of the adiabatic spectral flow, it is shown that the change of the Morse indices is correlated with the structure change inherent in the solutions of field equation that is controlled by the parameters built in the field action.
R-PARITY IN STANDARD-LIKE SUPERSTRING MODELS
Authors: HALYO EDI
Published: November 2004

We investigate the R symmetries of standard-like superstring models. At the level of the cubic superpotential there are three global U(1) R symmetries. These are broken explicitly by N>3 terms in the superpotential and spontaneously by scalar vevs necessary to preserve supersymmetry at Mp. A Z2 discrete symmetry remains but is equivalent to fermion number modulo 2. These models possess an effective R-parity which arises from the interplay between the gauged U(1)B-L and U(1)r i+3.
AVERAGE MULTIPLICITIES IN GLUON AND QUARK JETS IN HIGHER ORDER PERTURBATIVE QCD
Authors: DREMIN I.M. , NECHITAILO V.A.
Published: November 2004

The ratio of average multiplicities in gluon and quark jets is shown to become noticeably smaller in higher order QCD compared to its lowest order value which improves agreement with experiment. QCD anomalous dimension has been calculated. It has been used to get energy dependence of mean multiplicities.
QUASI-EXACTLY SOLVABLE PROBLEMS AND SU(1,1) GROUP
Authors: ZASLAVSKII O.B.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that the particular class of one-dimensional quasi-exactly solvable models can be constructed with the help of infinite-dimensional representation of Lie algebra. Hamiltonian of a system is expressed in terms of SU(1,1) generators.
DOES THE ISING MODEL IN AN EXTERNAL FIELD SHOW INTERMITTENCY?
Authors: HAJDUKOVIĆ D. , SATZ H.
Published: November 2004

We give an analytical proof that the general d-dimensional Ising model in an external field does not lead to intermittency.
SPACE-TIME SYMMETRIES AND SEMICLASSICAL AMPLITUDES
Authors: GOULD THOMAS M. , HSU STEPHEN D.H.
Published: November 2004

We examine the space-time symmetries of forward 2→2 scattering. These symmetries have non-trivial consequences for any class of configurations which might dominate the amplitude in the semiclassical approximation. We derive some dynamical results regarding the stability of configurations which arise solely from reflection symmetry and positivity of the (Euclidean) path-integral action. We consider the relative importance of initial state effects on non-O(3) symmetric configurations.
END POINT OF HAWKING EVAPORATION — CASE OF INTEGRABLE MODEL
Authors: HOTTA M. , YOSHIMURA M.
Published: November 2004

Quantum back reaction due to N massless fields may be worked out to a considerable detail in a variant of integrable dilaton gravity model in two dimensions. It is shown that there exists a critical mass of collapsing object of order ħN×(cosmological constant)1/2, above which the end point of Hawking evaporation is two disconnected remnants of infinite extent, each separated by a mouth from the outside region. Deep inside the mouth there is a universal flux of radiation in all directions, in a form different from Hawking radiation. Below the critical mass no remnant is left behind, implying complete Hawking evaporation or even showing no sign of Hawking radiation.
ON W∞/2 STRINGS
Authors: HULL CHRISTOPHER , KHATUN ZOHORA
Published: November 2004

The string theory defined by gauging W∞/2, the subalgebra of W∞ generated by the currents of even spin, is discussed. The critical value of the central charge is calculated using zeta-function techniques and shown to be c=1. A critical string theory is constructed by coupling a free boson to W∞/2-gravity and the physical states are analyzed.
QCD COHERENCE IN DIRECT COMPTON SCATTERING
Authors: KHOZE V.A. , LEBEDEV A.I. , VAZDIK J.A.
Published: November 2004

The color coherence effects are studied for direct processes of γp interactions at high energies using PYTHIA Monte-Carlo simulation and perturbative QCD approach. Sub-processes of QED and QCD Compton scattering on quarks leading to jet topology of photoproduction events are considered. It is shown that the coherence leads to drag phenomenon in the interjet region.
PROPER TIME FORMALISM AND GAUGE INVARIANCE IN OPEN STRING INTERACTIONS
Authors: SATHIAPALAN B.
Published: November 2004

The issue of gauge invariances in the sigma model formalism is discussed at the free and interacting level. The problem of deriving gauge invariant interacting equations can be addressed using the proper time formalism. This formalism is discussed, both for point particles and strings. The covariant Klein-Gordon equation arises in a geometric way from the boundary terms. This formalism is similar to the background independent open string formalism introduced by Witten.
THE TFD TREATMENT OF THE QUASIPARTICLE-PHONON INTERACTION AT FINITE TEMPERATURE
Authors: KOSOV D.S. , VDOVIN A.I.
Published: November 2004

The coupling of elementary excitation modes in hot nuclei is studied. For this aim the quasiparticle-phonon nuclear model (QPM) is extended to a finite temperature by using the formalism of the thermofield dynamics. First the energies and structures of one-phonon states are calculated in the thermal random phase approximation and then the thermal QPM Hamiltonian HQPM is expressed in terms of thermal quasiparticles and thermal RPA-phonons. The equation for the energies taking into account mixing of one-and two-thermal phonon states is derived. The expression of the coupling matrix element between thermal phonons is given.
WEAK GRAVITATIONAL FIELD AROUND A GLOBAL TEXTURE
Authors: LEE CHUL H.
Published: November 2004

Weak gravitational field in the asymptotic region far outside the core of a global texture is investigated without the nonlinear σ-model approximation. We solve the linearized Einstein field equations with the stress-energy tensor contributed by a spherically symmetric global texture to obtain the asymptotic form of the metric. It is shown that, even in this more general case than that of the self-similar solution in the nonlinear σ-model approximation, the metric of the spatial hyperspace in the asymptotic region is that of a flat space with a deficit solid angle whose magnitude is independent of time.
ON QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS AND SYMMETRY BREAKING
Authors: WANG M.J.
Published: November 2004

We study the quantum fluctuations in O(n) symmetric theory and show that when n=2 the fluctuation of the field makes the problem in principle nonperturbative. The analysis based on loop expansions is not applicable in this case.
NON-RENORMALIZATION THEOREM FOR THE GAUGE COUPLING IN 2+1 DIMENSIONS
Authors: KAPUSTIN A.N. , PRONIN P.I.
Published: November 2004

We prove that the β-function of the gauge coupling in 2+1 dimensions gauge theory coupled to any renormalizable system of spinor and scalar fields is zero. This result holds both when the gauge field action is the Chern-Simons action and when it is the topologically massive action.
PHENOMENOLOGY OF AN SU(3)c×SU(3)L×U(1)x MODEL OF FLAVOR
Authors: FRAMPTON PAUL H. , LIU JAMES T. , RASCO B. CHARLES , NG DANIEL
Published: November 2004

The 331 model offers an explanation of flavor by anomaly cancellation between three families. It predicts three exotic quarks, Q=D,S,T and five extra gauge bosons comprising an additional neutral Z2 and four charged dileptonic gauge bosons (Y−− ,Y−), (Y++,Y+). Production of [Formula: see text], QY, YY and Z2 at a pp collider is calculated, and signatures are discussed.
COMPACT U(1)×U(1) MODEL WITH MINIMAL INTERSPECIES INTERACTION
Authors: YEE KEN
Published: November 2004

We introduce a minimally interacting pure gauge compact U(1)×U(1) model consistent with Abelian projection symmetries. This paradigm, whose interactions are entirely due to compactness, illustrates how compactness can contribute to interspecies interactions. Furthermore, it has a much richer phase structure than that obtained by naively tensoring together two compact U(1) copies.
PERTURBED 2D SUPERCONFORMAL THEORIES AND THEIR INTEGRALS OF MOTION
Authors: APIKYAN S.A.
Published: November 2004

Particular perturbation of a 2D superconformal field theory leading to supersymmetric field theories is examined. It is shown that for φ(1, 3) taken as the perturbations, the correspondence SFT possesses infinite non-trivial local integrals of motion. The example is the tricritical Ising model with magnetic field φ(1, 3) of dimension (3/5, 3/5).
RESTRICTED FLOWS OF THE KdV HIERARCHY AND r-MATRIX FORMALISM
Authors: KULISH P.P. , RAUCH-WOJCIECHOWSKI S. , TSIGANOV A.V.
Published: November 2004

We derive here the r-matrix formalism for the restricted flows of the Korteveg-de Vries and coupled KdV soliton hierarchies from their Lax representations. Variables of separation for the first restricted flows are found and the problem of quantization is discussed.
NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS AND FARADAY EFFECT
Authors: MUGHAL M. ANWAR , AHMED K.
Published: November 2004

In analogy with the classical Faraday effect for the electromagnetic wave, a Faraday effect for massive neutrinos is found to be somewhat generic description of neutrino oscillations when neutrinos traverse a dense medium with or without a magnetic field. It is found that the Faraday angle for solar neutrino problem as an illustration of the Faraday effect for a neutrino wave provides conceptually convenient parametrization of the various oscillations scenarios.
ENERGY LOSSES OF SOLAR NEUTRINOS
Authors: SIMANJUNTAK HERBERT P. , SULAKSONO ANTO
Published: November 2004

The energy losses of solar neutrinos are calculated for weak and electromagnetic interactions with electrons. The effects of neutrino mass and oscillations are included in the calculations and we use the full energy dependence of the stopping power of matter for the total losses of energy. The full energy dependence shows that the energy losses are too small to explain the solar neutrino problem even with the use of Majorana neutrinos or interactions with protons.
A TRIAL TO FIND AN ELLIPTIC QUANTUM ALGEBRA FOR sl2 USING THE HEISENBERG AND CLIFFORD ALGEBRA
Authors: SHIRAISHI JUN’ICHI
Published: November 2004

A Heisenberg-Clifford realization of a deformed U (sl2) by two parameters p and q is discussed. The commutation relations for this deformed algebra have interesting connection with the theta functions.
THE NONLINEAR STRUCTURE ON THE GENERAL QUANTUM HYPERPLANES: THE QUANTUM HYPERSURFACES AND THE NONLINEAR REALIZATIONS OF THE QUANTUM GROUPS
Authors: ZHONG ZAI-ZHE
Published: November 2004

In this paper we prove that by the use of an extended algebra the nonlinear transformations of the general quantum hyperplanes can be obtained. The images of this transformation and its linear part, which are two quantum hyperspaces, can be interpreted as a quantum hypersurface and its quantum tangent hyperplane, respectively. The quantum group concerned is nonlinearly realized on this quantum hypersurface. The concrete results of GL q(N), as an example, are calculated.
A NOTE ON THE QUANTUM AFFINE TODA LAX OPERATOR
Authors: MACKAY N.J.
Published: November 2004

We show how, in the case of affine Toda field theory, the short distance transfer matrix gives the form postulated by the St. Petersburg school for the quantum lattice Lax operator in terms of the canonical variables.
ON THREE-DIMENSIONAL TOPOLOGICAL FIELD THEORIES CONSTRUCTED FROM Dω(G) FOR FINITE GROUPS
Authors: ASANO MASAKO , HIGUCHI SABURO
Published: November 2004

We investigate the 3-D lattice topological field theories defined by Chung, Fukuma and Shapere. We concentrate on the model defined by taking a deformation Dω(G) of the quantum double of a finite commutative group G as the underlying Hopf algebra. It is suggested that Chung-Fukuma-Shapere partition function is related to that of Dijkgraaf-Witten by Z CFS =|Z DW |2 when G=ℤ2N+1. For G=ℤ2N, such a relation does not hold.
HIGHER SPIN SYMMETRY AND SU(2) WZNW MODEL
Authors: GHOSH SASANKA
Published: November 2004

Generators of an infinite number of conserved charges of the integrable SU(2) WZNW model are identified with the generators of a W1+∞ symmetry algebra. This integrable conformal field theory also describes the ZN symmetric Ising model at the critical point in the large-N limit.
THE FLAT OSp(1,2/2) SUPERCONNECTION CONDITION: 2−d SUPERGRAVITY AND TOPOLOGICAL 2−d GRAVITY
Authors: LAGRAA M.
Published: November 2004

We consider pure 2−d supergravity as a flat OSp (1,2/2) superconnection of a super-gauge field theory on a (2, 2)−d supermanifold. From an appropriate Wigner-Inonu contraction of the OSp (1,2/2) algebra, we show that the superzweibein [Formula: see text] and the U(1) superconnection ΩM of 2−d supergravity transmute into BRST multiplets composed of the fields, their ghosts and the auxiliary fields of gauge theory of topological 2−d gravity. These fields and their topological BRST transformations can be recast in this geometric formalism where the “gravitino” now plays the role of ghost related to the zweibein shift of topological 2−d gravity. We close this paper by constructing a gauge fixed term of the quantum action in terms of superfield.
NONPERTURBATIVE STOCHASTIC DEFINITIONS OF 2-D QUANTUM GRAVITY
Authors: DIEGO OSCAR
Published: November 2004

I construct the ground state, up to first nonperturbative order, of the stochastic stabilization of the zero-dimensional matrix model which defines 2-D quantum gravity. It is given by the linear combination of a perturbative wave function and a nonperturbative one. The nonperturbative behavior which arise from the stabilized model and from the string equation are similar. I show the modification of the loop equation by nonperturbative contribution.
CASIMIR FORCE BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL PLATES WITH SMALL DISTORTIONS OF DIFFERENT TYPES
Authors: BORDAG M. , KLIMCHITSKAYA G.L. , MOSTEPANENKO V.M.
Published: November 2004

We investigate the corrections to the Casimir force between two parallel plates covered with distortions described by periodic functions of two variables. The periods of the distortions in both coordinates are suggested to be much smaller than the sizes of the plates. A general expression is obtained for the Casimir force in the form of a perturbation expansion with respect to the amplitude of the distortions divided by the distance between the plates. The coefficients of this expansion are expressed in terms of the Fourier coefficients of the distortion function up to fourth order. It is shown that the perturbative expansion starts from the second order and does not depend on the period of the distortions. Some characteristic examples are calculated for both longitudinal and hillock-type distortions. It is shown that the contribution of the distortions to the Casimir force may achieve some 10%. So it must be taken into account in precision Casimir force measurements.
SCHWINGER–DYSON EQUATIONS IN 2-D INDUCED GRAVITY IN COVARIANT GAUGES
Authors: ELIZALDE E. , ODINTSOV S. D. , SHIL'NOV YU. I.
Published: November 2004

We formulate the Schwinger–Dyson equations in the ladder approximation for 2-D induced quantum gravity with fermions using covariant gauges of harmonic type. It is shown that these equations can be formulated consistently in a gauge of Landau type (for negative cosmological constant). A numerical analysis of the equations hints towards the possibility of chiral symmetry breaking, depending on the value of the coupling constant.
EQUIVARIANT LOCALIZATION, SPIN SYSTEMS AND TOPOLOGICAL QUANTUM THEORY ON RIEMANN SURFACES
Authors: SEMENOFF GORDON W. , SZABO RICHARD J.
Published: November 2004

We study equivariant localization formulas for phase space path-integrals when the phase space is a multiply connected compact Riemann surface. We consider the Hamiltonian systems to which the localization formulas are applicable and show that the localized partition function for such systems is a topological invariant which represents the non-trivial homology classes of the phase space. We explicitly construct the coherent states in the canonical quantum theory and show that the Hilbert space is finite-dimensional with the wave functions carrying a projective representation of the discrete homology group of the phase space. The corresponding coherent state path-integral then describes the quantum dynamics of a novel spin system given by the quantization of a nonsymmetric coadjoint Lie group orbit. We also briefly discuss the geometric structure of these quantum systems.