bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing multidimensional hydration inhibitor towards the long cycling performance of zinc powder anode
Authors: Cao Chuheng , Du Wencheng , Li Cheng Chao , Ye Minghui , Zhang Yufei , Tang Yongchao , Liu Xiaoqing
Published: June 2023

We propose a multidimensional hydration inhibitor to restrain water-induced corrosion effects on Zn powder anode and achieve long cycle performance.
Selective conversion of CO2 to CH4 enhanced by WO3/In2O3 S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with efficient CO2 activation
Authors: He Ying , Yang Zhengpeng , Yu Jiaguo , Xu Difa , Liu Chengyuan , Pan Yang , Macyk Wojciech , Xu Feiyan
Published: June 2023

Novel WO3/In2O3 S-scheme heterojunctions unveiled enhanced CO2 photoreduction performance with ∼53.7% CH4 selectivity, attributing to unique S-scheme charge separation and efficient CO2 activation.
Efficient hole extraction and dark current suppression in organic photodetectors enabled by atomic-layer-deposition of ultrathin Co3O4 interlayers
Authors: Lu Ke , Gao Yuanhong , Wang Zhenhui , Wang Xinwei , Meng Hong
Published: June 2023

Ultra-thin ALD Co3O4 electron blocking layer in fullerene and non-fullerene based OPDs is shown to effectively reduce dark current density and promote photogenerated charge extraction with the photodetection wavelength range from visible to NIR.
Nanoporous anodic alumina-based iontronics: fundamentals and applications
Authors: Wang Juan , Vu Khanh Nhien , Abell Andrew D. , Santos Abel , Law Cheryl Suwen
Published: June 2023

An overview of structural, chemical, and iontronic properties of nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) with proof-of-principle demonstrations of state-of-the-art iontronic applications such as ionic diodes, sensors, and osmotic energy generators.
Effects of optimisation parameters on data-driven magnetofrictional modelling of active regions
Authors: Kumari A. , Price D. J. , Daei F. , Pomoell J. , Kilpua E. K. J.
Published: June 2023

Context. The solar magnetic field plays an essential role in the formation, evolution, and dynamics of large-scale eruptive structures in the corona. The estimation of the coronal magnetic field, the ultimate driver of space weather, particularly in the ‘low’ and ‘middle’ corona, is presently limited due to practical difficulties. Data-driven time-dependent magnetofrictional modelling (TMFM) of active region magnetic fields has been proven to be a useful tool to study the corona. The input to the model is the photospheric electric field that is inverted from a time series of the photospheric magnetic field. Constraining the complete electric field, that is, including the non-inductive component, is critical for capturing the eruption dynamics. We present a detailed study of the effects of optimisation of the non-inductive electric field on the TMFM of AR 12473.

Aims. We aim to study the effects of varying the non-inductive electric field on the data-driven coronal simulations, for two alternative parametrisations. By varying parameters controlling the strength of the non-inductive electric field, we wish to explore the changes in flux rope formation and their early evolution and other parameters, for instance, axial flux and magnetic field magnitude.

Methods. We used the high temporal and spatial resolution cadence vector magnetograms from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The non-inductive electric field component in the photosphere is critical for energising and introducing twist to the coronal magnetic field, thereby allowing unstable configurations to be formed. We estimated this component using an approach based on optimising the injection of magnetic energy.

Results. Our data show that flux ropes are formed in all of the simulations except for those with the lower values of these optimised parameters. However, the flux rope formation, evolution and eruption time varies depending on the values of the optimisation parameters. The flux rope is formed and has overall similar evolution and properties with a large range of non-inductive electric fields needed to determine the non-inductive electric field component that is critical for energising and introducing twist to the coronal magnetic field.

Conclusions. This study shows that irrespective of non-inductive electric field values, flux ropes are formed and erupted, which indicates that data-driven TMFM can be used to estimate flux rope properties early in their evolution without needing to employ a lengthy optimisation process.
Lipidsenkung
Authors: Lechner Benjamin , Vogt Anja
Published: June 2023

Die Senkung Apolipoprotein-B haltiger Lipoproteine (Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) und Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Non-HDL-C)) ist ein essenzieller Bestandteil zur Reduktion des kardiovaskulären Risikos bei Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz. Hierfür werden am häufigsten Statine eingesetzt, v. a. die hoch potenten Statine Rosuvastatin und Atorvastatin. Laut Fachinformation soll Rosuvastatin bei einer glomerulären Filtrationsrate (GFR) < 30 ml/min/1,73 m2 nicht angewendet und bei einer GFR < 60 ml/min/1,73 m2 auf maximal 20 mg beschränkt werden. Die vorliegende Studie vergleicht erstmals Rosuvastatin mit Atorvastatin hinsichtlich renaler Endpunkte.
LDL-C-Senkung bei Dialysepatienten
Authors: Schettler Volker J.J.
Published: June 2023

Patienten, die aufgrund einer schweren Nierenerkrankung auf eine Dialyse angewiesen sind, haben ein hohes Risiko für Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen. Häufig leiden diese Patienten u. a. auch an Bluthochdruck, Fettstoffwechselstörungen oder Diabetes mellitus. Ob aber in diesem Zusammenhang die Behandlung von Dialysepatienten mit Statinen gerechtfertigt ist, ist weiterhin umstritten, da in der Vergangenheit randomisierte Studien bei diesen Patienten deren Nutzen nicht belegen konnten. Ein differenzierter Blick zeigt jedoch, dass diese Frage nicht einfach zu beantworten ist. Entgegen dem Anschein gibt es Hinweise, dass selbst Dialysepatienten noch unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen von der Therapie mit Statinen oder anderen lipidsenkenden Maßnahmen zu profitieren scheinen.
Die Rechtsfrage: Darf ich den Therapieort frei wählen?
Authors: Schlegel Thomas
Published: June 2023

„Im Vertrag über die Versorgung mit Leistungen der Physiotherapie und der Vergütung steht, dass man die Therapie außerhalb der Praxis durchführen darf, wenn das Therapieziel dies erfordert. Dürfte ich ein Fahrrad-Training außerhalb der Praxis durchführen, ohne bestimmte Voraussetzungen erfüllen zu müssen?“

Therapeutin aus Baden-Württemberg
Positioning analysis of Spanish politicians through their Twitter posts versus Spanish public opinion
Authors: Penelas-Leguía Azucena , Nunez-Barriopedro Estela , López-Sanz Jose María , Ravina-Ripoll Rafael
Published: June 2023

The evolution of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has changed the way we communicate. Access to the Internet and social networks has even changed the way we organise ourselves socially. Despite advances in this field, research on the use of social networks in political discourse and citizens’ perceptions of public policy remains scarce. So, the empirical study of politicians’ discourse on social networks in relation to citizens’ perception of public and fiscal policies according to their political affinity is of particular interest. The aim of the research is, therefore, to analyse positioning, from a dual perspective. Firstly, the study analyses the positioning in the discourse of the communication campaigns posted on social networks of Spain’s most prominent politicians. And secondly, it evaluates whether this positioning is reflected in citizens’ opinions about the public and fiscal policies being implemented in Spain. To this end, a qualitative semantic analysis and a positioning map is performed on a total of 1553 tweets published between 1 June and 31 July 2021 by the leaders of the top ten Spanish political parties. In parallel, a cross-sectional quantitative analysis is carried out, also through positioning analysis, based on the database of the Public Opinion and Fiscal Policy Survey of July 2021 by the Sociological Research Centre (CIS), whose sample is 2849 Spanish citizens. The results show a significant difference in the discourse of political leaders’ social network posts—which is more pronounced between right-wing and left-wing parties—and only some differences in citizens’ perception of public policies according to their political affinity. This work contributes to identifying the differentiation and positioning of the main parties and helps to guide the discourse of their posts.
Experimental data adds to debate on opacity in solar modeling
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: June 2023

A radiation burn-through experiment confirms iron opacity in the sun matches theoretical predictions.
Theoretical process for the investigation of dielectric characteristics of F3NO as an alternative gas for SF6
Authors: Chang Hyonu , Sinha Nidhi , Choi Heechol , Song Mi-Young , Jang Hyun-Jae , Oh Yeon-Ho , Song Ki-Dong
Published: June 2023

To examine the possibility of using a gas molecule as an SF6 alternative gas, the insulation properties of the molecule must be estimated. In this work, we present a theoretical approach to calculate geometry parameters, electron scattering cross sections, and transport properties of nitrogen fluoride oxide (F3NO), which we have selected as an alternative to SF6. The molecular minimum structure of F3NO was optimized using the ɷB97X-D functional combined with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. Using this initial geometry obtained by the molecular structure calculation, the R-matrix calculation was done to obtain the elastic and momentum transfer cross section. The BE-f method was used for electronic excitation cross section. For the ionization cross section, the binary encounter Bethe method was used. From the calculated cross section data, the electron transport coefficients and reaction coefficients were calculated by solving the two-term approximated Boltzmann equation to investigate the discharge and insulation characteristics.
When bat eats bat: diet and roosts of the greater broad-nosed bat (Scoteanax rueppellii) across different regions and habitats
Authors: Law Brad , Gonsalves Leroy , Chidel Mark , McConville Anna
Published: June 2023

Roost selection and diet are fundamentally important to bats and can vary geographically and with habitat. The greater broad-nosed bat (Scoteanax rueppellii) is infrequently captured and poorly known, meaning appropriate conservation actions are difficult to determine. To assess variation across different habitats, we collected faecal samples for dietary analysis and radio-tracked individuals to identify roost trees at four different sites across New South Wales, Australia. Analysis of droppings verified beetles as the main prey in each study area except one dominated by mangroves, and confirmed for the first time carnivory in wild-caught individuals from the presence of hair from other bat species in its droppings. Very large, hollow trees were used as maternity roosts, being typically larger than neighbouring trees. Roosting habitat varied from wet sclerophyll forest in gullies to old-growth mangroves, and tree species used as roosts also varied. Colony size at maternity roosts was often 50–100 bats and fidelity to the maternity roost varied, with some being switched almost daily and others occupied for at least several days. One maternity roost was re-used 2 years later. Both the importance of beetles in the diet and roosts located in more productive landscapes suggest coastal plains and foothills may represent key habitat.
Continuing decline of the common brushtail possum in central Australia
Authors: McDonald Peter J. , Portelli Dean J. , Schubert Andrew T. , Stewart Alistair J. , Griffiths Anthony D.
Published: June 2023

Australia’s recent mammal declines have been most severe in the arid regions, with at least 14 species extinctions occurring therein. The common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) is a semi-arboreal marsupial that historically occurred widely across arid Australia but has disappeared from much of this region. We surveyed the last known sites for the species in central Australia. In 2012, we detected possum scats from 3 of 19 sites in Tjoritja National Park in the Northern Territory. Presence sites were separated by <4 km and characterised by extreme ruggedness. Further scat surveys in 2016–17, and 10 499 camera-trap nights of targeted survey in 2020–21, resulted in no possum detections. Moreover, no possums were detected during >60 000 camera-trap nights at nearby monitoring sites targeting other species in 2016–22. The contraction of common brushtail possums to rugged refuges by 2012 is consistent with a decline driven by mammalian predators. The possible extirpation also coincided with or followed record years of high temperatures. The culturally significant common brushtail possum is a priority candidate species for reintroduction to parts of central Australia. Reintroduction attempts must manage mammalian predators and consider the suitability of source populations and translocation sites in the face of a rapidly warming climate.
Research on error separation method of center of gravity measurement system for large-sized solid of revolution
Authors: Wang Meibao , Zhao Shuang
Published: June 2023

In order to realize mass and center of gravity measurement of large-sized rotating parts, a set of combined measurement system for center of gravity measurement was developed to adjust the distance according to the length and supporting position of the parts to adapt to different lengths of the measured parts. The study focused on the center of gravity synthesis, error factors and error separation within the system. Firstly, two sets of center of gravity measuring equipment based on multi-point weighing method were used to conduct a joint test on the large-sized measured parts, and the center of gravity measuring model was analyzed. Secondly, the measurement error and its influence on the measurement result are were analyzed when the two sets of measuring equipment were not parallel. Finally, error signals were separated using the multi-step method, Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform. Simulation experiments show that the residual center of gravity error of Y axis and Z axis is less than 0.3 mm when the tilt angle between two sets of equipment is below 0.3°. The test results demonstrate that the center of gravity measurement error along the X axis is less than 2 mm, which indicates the measurement accuracy better than 0.02% as the length of the test object is about 10 000 mm, and the center of gravity measurement error along the Y axis and Z axis is less than 0.5 mm, which also indicates the measurement accuracy better than 0.02%. These findings indicate that the system enables high-precision measurement of the center of gravity for large-sized rotary products.
SOLPS-ITER modeling of EU-DEMO Ar-seeded cases with drifts and kinetic neutrals
Authors: Korzueva V , Kaveeva E , Vekshina E , Rozhansky V , Senichenkov I , Shirobokov A , Coster D
Published: June 2023

SOLPS-ITER modeling of EU-DEMO tokamak burning plasma with Ar seeding was performed. The modeling includes drifts, kinetic neutrals and current description switched on. The simulation results are compared with those without drifts. The power entering the edge plasma domain is 200 MW. The deuterium puff is 1.5 × 1023 at s−1 for all cases, which corresponds to neutral deuterium pressure of 10 Pa in the private flux region. The Ar seeding rates are

8.0
×

10

19

 at s−1 and

1.5
×

10

20

 at s−1, which correspond to the Ar concentration on the separatrix in the range of 0.5%–2%. It is demonstrated that with such a combination of parameters, it is possible to achieve power loads lower than 5 MW m−2 on both divertor targets. The temperature above 5 eV in the far scrape-off layer (SOL) of the outer target remains an issue. Together with drift and no drift cases, the impurity accumulation mechanism in the high-field-side SOL is discussed.
Multimodal origami shape memory metamaterials undergoing compression–twist coupling
Authors: Yang Haiying , Lu Haibao , Shu Dong-Wei , Fu Yong Qing (Richard)
Published: June 2023

As origami structures display designable and predictable folding or unfolding shape changes, the origami-inspired mechanical metamaterials have recently been extensively investigated for applications in metamaterial engineering. There were many previous studies on the conventional hexagonal Kresling origami structures, however, there are still many issues such as structural optimizations and designable strategies for the mechanical metamaterials. To solve these issues, in this study, we investigated the influences of crease direction, number of sides, and unit arrangement on the origami structures. Effects of these parameters on mechanical properties and deformation behaviors of metamaterials were analyzed using finite element method and experimental verifications. Effects of continuous changes in the number of sides were investigated, and we found that the switching of the metamaterials from a monostable state at number of sides of 3 to a quasi-static stiffness one at 4, and then to bistable ones at 5, 6, 7 and 8 can be realized. The compression–twist coupling effects of these metamaterials can be adjustable and tailorable by arranging the chosen units in series. These designed foldable metamaterials are flexible, especially in their unfolding and folding directions, resulting in the achievement of unstable compression states, i.e. the externally applied loads may cause the structure to unfold along the same compression path. Furthermore, shape memory polymer has been printed using 3D printing technology to achieve the smart origami metamaterials, which endow the metamaterials with shape memory effect, self-adaptability and temperature-responsive mechanical behavior.
Design, development, and testing of a 6.6 MVA HTS traction transformer for high-speed train applications
Authors: Zhao Xin , Fang Jin , Jiang Zhenan , Song Wenjuan , Liu Nengwen , Gao Yuan , Li Xiaohang , Zeng Fanhui , Xia Yajun , Badcock Rod A , Long Nicholas J , Staines Mike P , Buckley Robert G , Fang Xinyu , Li Yulong , Liu Bo , Zhang Jinyin , Han Wen , Li Li , Wang Jin , Gao Peiqing
Published: June 2023

High-temperature superconducting traction transformers (HTSTTs) have the merits of small size and lightweight in comparison with their conventional counterparts. This article reports the development progress of a 6.6 MVA HTSTT operating at 65 K, including the design, testing, and system cooling. The introduction of flux diverters and an optimized winding design realized a short-circuit impedance higher than 43% and AC loss less than 3 kW. The insulation structure was designed to pass insulation tests specified in standard in China GB/T 25120-2010. An open cooling system with reduced pressure was developed, which realized the efficiency of the 6.6 MVA HTSTT above 99%. Before assembling the prototype transformer, we conducted tests for critical current and dielectric performance of the HTS double pancake coils (DPCs) used in high-voltage (HV) and low-voltage (LV) windings to verify the current-carrying and insulation performances of each DPC. Finally, we measured the critical current and no-load loss of the HTSTT prototype at 77 K. Test results showed that the mass of the transformer is 33% less than conventional transformers. At 77 K, the critical current of the LV winding and HV winding is higher than 700 A and 50 A, respectively. Moreover, the HTSTT on a no-load test reached the test voltage of 25 000 V and loss of 6 kW. In the next step, we will continue to conduct experimental research, and verify the feasibility of the HTSTT on the train, and develop a circulating cooling system, all meeting the commercial requirements of the HTSTT.
In situ grown three-dimensional porous Co3O4/graphdiyne oxide hybrid nanomaterials with sea urchin-like structures for high-performance zinc–air batteries
Authors: Zhu Yingfu , Zhang Xiuli , Liang Na , Guo Jixi , Guo Renhe , Liu Huibiao
Published: June 2023

As a promising energy conversion system, zinc air battery (ZAB) usually suffers from short cycle life and poor reversibility due to the slow kinetics of the redox reaction on the air cathode, making it a big-barriers in practical applications. Herein, three-dimensional (3D) porous Co3O4/graphdiyne oxide (GDYO) hybrid nanomaterials with sea urchin-like structures have been prepared by in-situ epitaxial growth. The 3D porous Co3O4/GDYO hybrid nanomaterials with sea urchin-like structures expand the larger contact area between the electrolyte and the electrode, which provide abundant channels for ion diffusion and electron transport with enhanced charge transfer kinetics and structural stability. The 3D porous Co3O4/GDYO hybrid nanomaterials with sea urchin-like structures shows excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic activity for both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) (onset potential of 1.38 V, overpotential of 335 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) (onset potential of 0.84 V, half-wave potential of 0.6 V). ZABs fabricated with 3D porous Co3O4/GDYO hybrid nanomaterials as cathode display a high power density of 96 m W cm−2, an open circuit voltage of 1.53 V, as well as a specific capacity of 799.5 mA h g−1 (at 10 mA cm−2) and a corresponding energy density of 965 Wh kg−1. Further, its charge and discharge voltages remain stable for over 400 h at a constant current charge–discharge cycling of 3 mA cm−2. This work offers novel insights on developing excellent bifunctional electrocatalysts for both OER and ORR, which expands a new application of GDYO on ZABs.
Additively fabricated on-skin sensors for mechanical and thermal biosignal monitoring
Authors: Laurila Mika-Matti
Published: June 2023

Continuous biosignal monitoring with on-skin worn sensor devices enables out-of-hospital patient monitoring (i.e. ubiquitous healthcare), which has high potential to reduce various disease-related societal costs through large-scale screening of disease risk groups. However, novel fabrication methods need to be adopted to enable the required large-scale deployment of such devices. Additive fabrication technologies have emerged as potential candidates to meet this challenge due to their low material consumption, scalability, and compatibility with skin-conformable low Tg
polymeric substrates. This review article discusses recent advances in additively fabricated on-skin biosignal sensors and focuses on the following topics: (1) available additive fabrication technologies; (2) on-skin measurable mechanical and thermal biosignals and related additively fabricated biosignal sensors; and (3) the emerging field of printed electronic tattoo (e-tattoo)-type mechanical and thermal biosignal sensors.
Five theorems on Gorenstein global dimensions
Authors: Christensen Lars , Estrada Sergio , Thompson Peder
Published: June 2023

We expand on two existing characterizations of rings of Gorenstein (weak) global dimension zero and give two new characterizations of rings of finite Gorenstein (weak) global dimension. We also include the answer to a question of Y. Xiang on Gorenstein weak global dimension of group rings.
Stability and convergence analysis of a fully discrete semi-implicit scheme for stochastic Allen-Cahn equations with multiplicative noise
Authors: Huang Can , Shen Jie
Published: June 2023

We consider a fully discrete scheme for stochastic Allen-Cahn equation in a multi-dimensional setting. Our method uses a polynomial based spectral method in space, so it does not require the elliptic operator

A
A

and the covariance operator

Q
Q

of noise in the equation commute, and thus successfully alleviates a restriction of Fourier spectral method for stochastic partial differential equations pointed out by Jentzen, Kloeden and Winkel [Ann. Appl. Probab. 21 (2011), pp. 908–950]. The discretization in time is a tamed semi-implicit scheme which treats the nonlinear term explicitly while being unconditionally stable. Under regular assumptions which are usually made for SPDEs, we establish strong convergence rates in the one spatial dimension for our fully discrete scheme. We also present numerical experiments which are consistent with our theoretical results.
Understanding the problem of digital medication inventory visibility in health systems
Authors: Ashemore Arlin W , Akrap Antonia , Aschermann Lauren , Irvine Clayton , Foley Joshua , Scheper John David , Tarpey Ryan , Stevenson James G
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This project describes and quantifies the perceived degree of digital visibility to medication inventory throughout 6 large health systems.

Methods

In this project, 6 large health systems evaluated their physical medication inventory for digital visibility, or the degree to which physical medication inventory information is viewable in electronic systems, during a 2-year period (2019-2020). Inventory reports included medication items with either a National Drug Code (NDC) or a unique institutional identifier. Physical inventory reports contained the medication item name and a corresponding NDC or identifier, the quantity on hand, and the physical locations and the storage environments of the inventory items at the time of the audit. Investigators independently reviewed physical inventory reports and categorized medication line items by degree of digital visibility: (1) no digital visibility, (2) partial digital visibility without accurate quantities, (3) partial digital visibility with accurate quantities, or (4) full digital visibility. Data were anonymized, aggregated, and analyzed to characterize the degree of digital visibility across the health systems and to identify locations and storage environments where the greatest improvement is needed.

Results

Overall, less than 1% of medication inventory was judged to have full digital visibility. The majority of the evaluated inventory items were categorized as having partial digital visibility, with or without accurate quantities. Analysis by both units of inventory and inventory valuation indicated that only 30% to 35% of inventory had full digital visibility or partial digital visibility with accurate quantities.

Conclusion

Most of the medication inventory within 6 large academic centers is either not digitally visible or partially digitally visible but without accurate quantities. Full digital visibility of inventory is rare. Better digital visibility can minimize disruption from recalls and decrease waste. Technology vendors and health systems must collaborate to develop improved automation and systems to make medications on hand more digitally visible.
Fertile Goeppertella from the Jurassic of Patagonia: mosaic evolution in the Dipteridaceae-Matoniaceae lineage
Authors: Yañez Agustina , Escapa Ignacio H , Choo Thereis Y S
Published: June 2023

Goeppertella has been postulated as a monophyletic group, whose precise position within the Gleichenoid families Dipteriaceae and Matoniaceae, remains poorly understood. Previously described Goeppertella specimens are based on frond fragments and its fertile morphology is represented by a few, poorly preserved specimens. We describe a new species based on the largest collection of fertile specimens known to date and discuss the evolutionary history of the genus based on the additional reproductive characters provided by the fossils described. Plant impressions were collected in Early Jurassic sediments of Patagonia, Argentina. The specimens were described, and silicone rubber casts were developed to examine in detail vegetative and reproductive features. The new species was compared with other Goeppertella species. Finally, a backbone analysis was performed in the context of a previously published combined matrix of Dipteridaceae, using the maximum parsimony criterion. The new species is described based on a combination of features that have not been previously reported. The vegetative morphology shows affinities with most fossil and extant Dipteriaceae, contrasting with the reproductive morphology which is more comparable with the scarce number of fossil dipteridaceous forms and it is more spread in the sister family, Matoniaceae. The backbone analysis indicates that the position of the new species vary among different positions among Dipteridaceae and Matoniaceae. Additional analyses, discriminating the signal of reproductive and vegetative character, are provided to discuss the base of this uncertainty. We consider Goeppertella as a member of the family Dipteridaceae since we interpret most shared features with Matoniaceae as plesiomorphic conditions for the family. In contrast, most shared features with Dipteridaceae represent apomorphies for the group. Thus, Goeppertella would represent an early diverging genus in Dipteridaceae, considering the venation characters as the most important in order to define the family.
Projecting Podocarpaceae response to climate change: we are not out of the woods yet
Authors: Twala Thando C , Fisher Jolene T , Glennon Kelsey L
Published: June 2023

Under the changing climate, the persistence of Afrotemperate taxa may be threatened as suitable habitat availability decreases. The unique disjunct ranges of podocarps in southern Africa raise questions about the persistence of these species under climate change. Here, we identified likely environmental drivers of these distributions, characterized the current and future (2070) environmental niches, and projected distributions of four podocarp species in South Africa. Species distribution models were conducted using species locality data for Afrocarpus falcatus, Podocarpus latifolius, Pseudotropheus elongatus and Podocarpus henkelii and both historical climate data (1970–2000) and future climate scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathway [RCP] 4.5 and 8.5, 2061–2080) to estimate the current and future distributions. We also used this opportunity to identify the most important climatic variables that likely govern each species’ distribution. Using niche overlap estimates, a similarity test, and indices of niche expansion, stability and unfilling, we explored how niches change under different climate scenarios. The distribution of the study species was governed by the maximum temperature of the warmest month, temperature annual range, mean temperature of the wettest quarter, and precipitation of the wettest, driest and warmest quarters. The current distribution of A. falcatus was predicted to expand to higher elevations under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. Podocarpus henkelii was predicted to lose most of its suitable habitat under RCP 4.5 and expand under RCP 8.5; however, this was the opposite for P. elongatus and P. latifolius. Interestingly, P. elongatus, which had the smallest geographic distribution, showed the most vulnerability to climate change in comparison to the other podocarps. Mapping the distribution of podocarps and understanding the differences in their current and future climate niches provide insight into potential climate drivers of podocarp persistence and the potential for adaptation of these species. Overall, these results suggest that P. elongatus and P. henkelii may expand to novel environmental niches.
Effect of Donor Site Selection for Fat Grafting on the Yield and Viability of the Stromal Vascular Fraction
Authors: Jovic Darko , Preradovic Ljubisa , Kremenovic Mico , Jovic Filip , Antonic Milica , Aleksic Zoran , Ljubojevic Vesna
Published: June 2023

Background

The efficacy of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) treatment, or stem cell treatment, directly depends on the SVF cell count and the cells’ viability. The SVF cell count and viability are in direct correlation with the adipose tissue harvesting site that yields SVF cells, making this research a contribution to developing tissue guidance.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of harvesting subcutaneous adipose tissue–derived SVF cells on the concentration and viability of SVF.

Methods

Adipose tissue was collected by vibration-assisted liposuction from the regions of the upper and lower abdomen, lumbar region, and inner thigh region. With the semiautomatic UNISTATION 2nd Version system, the obtained fat was chemically processed (with collagenase enzyme) and a concentrate of SVF cells was obtained by centrifugation. These samples were then analyzed with the Luna-Stem Counter device to measure the number and viability of SVF cells.

Results

When comparing the regions of the upper abdomen, lower abdomen, lumbar region, and inner thigh, the highest concentration of SVF was found in the lumbar region, specifically at an average of 97,498.00 per 1.0 mL of concentrate. The lowest concentration was found in the upper abdominal region. When ranking the viability values, the highest cell viability of SVF was observed in the lumbar region, measuring 36.6200%. The lowest viability was found in the upper abdominal region, measuring 24.4967%.

Conclusions

By comparing the upper and lower abdominal, lumbar, and inner thigh regions, the authors have come to the conclusion that, on average, the largest number of cells with the highest viability was obtained from the lumbar region.
Dazzled by shine: gloss as an antipredator strategy in fast moving prey
Authors: Henríquez-Piskulich Patricia , Stuart-Fox Devi , Elgar Mark , Marusic Ivan , Franklin Amanda M
Published: June 2023

Previous studies on stationary prey have found mixed results for the role of a glossy appearance in predator avoidance—some have found that glossiness can act as warning coloration or improve camouflage, whereas others detected no survival benefit. An alternative untested hypothesis is that glossiness could provide protection in the form of dynamic dazzle. Fast moving animals that are glossy produce flashes of light that increase in frequency at higher speeds, which could make it harder for predators to track and accurately locate prey. We tested this hypothesis by presenting praying mantids with glossy or matte targets moving at slow and fast speed. Mantids were less likely to strike glossy targets, independently of speed. Additionally, mantids were less likely to track glossy targets and more likely to hit the target with one out of the two legs that struck rather than both raptorial legs, but only when targets were moving fast. These results support the hypothesis that a glossy appearance may have a function as an antipredator strategy by reducing the ability of predators to track and accurately target fast moving prey.
tidytof: a user-friendly framework for scalable and reproducible high-dimensional cytometry data analysis
Authors: Keyes Timothy J , Koladiya Abhishek , Lo Yu-Chen , Nolan Garry P , Davis Kara L
Published: June 2023

While many algorithms for analyzing high-dimensional cytometry data have now been developed, the software implementations of these algorithms remain highly customized—this means that exploring a dataset requires users to learn unique, often poorly interoperable package syntaxes for each step of data processing. To solve this problem, we developed {tidytof}, an open-source R package for analyzing high-dimensional cytometry data using the increasingly popular ‘tidy data’ interface.

Availability and implementation

{tidytof} is available at https://github.com/keyes-timothy/tidytof and is released under the MIT license. It is supported on Linux, MS Windows and MacOS. Additional documentation is available at the package website (https://keyes-timothy.github.io/tidytof/).

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
The NanoFlow Repository
Authors: Arce Jessie E , Welsh Joshua A , Cook Sean , Tigges John , Ghiran Ionita , Jones Jennifer C , Jackson Andrew , Roth Matthew , Milosavljevic Aleksandar
Published: June 2023

Motivation

Extracellular particles (EPs) are the focus of a rapidly growing area of exploration due to the widespread interest in understanding their roles in health and disease. However, despite the general need for EP data sharing and established community standards for data reporting, no standard repository for EP flow cytometry data captures rigor and minimum reporting standards such as those defined by MIFlowCyt-EV (https://doi.org/10.1080/20013078.2020.1713526). We sought to address this unmet need by developing the NanoFlow Repository.

Results

We have developed The NanoFlow Repository to provide the first implementation of the MIFlowCyt-EV framework.

Availability and implementation

The NanoFlow Repository is freely available and accessible online at https://genboree.org/nano-ui/. Public datasets can be explored and downloaded at https://genboree.org/nano-ui/ld/datasets. The NanoFlow Repository’s backend is built using the Genboree software stack that powers the ClinGen Resource, specifically the Linked Data Hub (LDH), a REST API framework written in Node.js, developed initially to aggregate data within ClinGen (https://ldh.clinicalgenome.org/ldh/ui/about). NanoFlow’s LDH (NanoAPI) is available at https://genboree.org/nano-api/srvc. NanoAPI is supported by a Node.js Genboree authentication and authorization service (GbAuth), a graph database called ArangoDB, and an Apache Pulsar message queue (NanoMQ) to manage data inflows into NanoAPI. The website for NanoFlow Repository is built with Vue.js and Node.js (NanoUI) and supports all major browsers.
3D graph contrastive learning for molecular property prediction
Authors: Moon Kisung , Im Hyeon-Jin , Kwon Sunyoung
Published: June 2023

Motivation

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a method that learns the data representation by utilizing supervision inherent in the data. This learning method is in the spotlight in the drug field, lacking annotated data due to time-consuming and expensive experiments. SSL using enormous unlabeled data has shown excellent performance for molecular property prediction, but a few issues exist. (i) Existing SSL models are large-scale; there is a limitation to implementing SSL where the computing resource is insufficient. (ii) In most cases, they do not utilize 3D structural information for molecular representation learning. The activity of a drug is closely related to the structure of the drug molecule. Nevertheless, most current models do not use 3D information or use it partially. (iii) Previous models that apply contrastive learning to molecules use the augmentation of permuting atoms and bonds. Therefore, molecules having different characteristics can be in the same positive samples. We propose a novel contrastive learning framework, small-scale 3D Graph Contrastive Learning (3DGCL) for molecular property prediction, to solve the above problems.

Results

3DGCL learns the molecular representation by reflecting the molecule’s structure through the pretraining process that does not change the semantics of the drug. Using only 1128 samples for pretrain data and 0.5 million model parameters, we achieved state-of-the-art or comparable performance in six benchmark datasets. Extensive experiments demonstrate that 3D structural information based on chemical knowledge is essential to molecular representation learning for property prediction.

Availability and implementation

Data and codes are available in https://github.com/moonkisung/3DGCL.
Multiscale model of the different modes of cancer cell invasion
Authors: Ruscone Marco , Montagud Arnau , Chavrier Philippe , Destaing Olivier , Bonnet Isabelle , Zinovyev Andrei , Barillot Emmanuel , Noël Vincent , Calzone Laurence
Published: June 2023

Motivation

Mathematical models of biological processes altered in cancer are built using the knowledge of complex networks of signaling pathways, detailing the molecular regulations inside different cell types, such as tumor cells, immune and other stromal cells. If these models mainly focus on intracellular information, they often omit a description of the spatial organization among cells and their interactions, and with the tumoral microenvironment.

Results

We present here a model of tumor cell invasion simulated with PhysiBoSS, a multiscale framework, which combines agent-based modeling and continuous time Markov processes applied on Boolean network models. With this model, we aim to study the different modes of cell migration and to predict means to block it by considering not only spatial information obtained from the agent-based simulation but also intracellular regulation obtained from the Boolean model.

 

Our multiscale model integrates the impact of gene mutations with the perturbation of the environmental conditions and allows the visualization of the results with 2D and 3D representations. The model successfully reproduces single and collective migration processes and is validated on published experiments on cell invasion. In silico experiments are suggested to search for possible targets that can block the more invasive tumoral phenotypes.

Availability and implementation

https://github.com/sysbio-curie/Invasion_model_PhysiBoSS.
Critical Practices Adopted by Minority Group Social Workers Working in the Third Sector
Authors: Mahajne Ibrahim
Published: June 2023

The research traces the adoption of critical practices by minority group social workers working in the third sector. A phenomenological approach was employed, drawing data from semi-structured in-depth interviews with social workers from two entities composing the third sector in Arab society in Israel: dozens of volunteers from the religious Zakat committees and a large proportion (the statistics are confidential) of those employed in the secular battered women’s shelters. It was found that critical practice is context-dependent: operatively, management in both entities, religious and secular, provides conditions enabling their employees to adopt critical practices such as: decreasing workloads to a minimum; permitting maximal application of professional discretion; freeing time for direct intervention; encouraging collaborative relations with service users and learning from successes during the interventions. These social workers apply minor, daily but incremental critical practices, selecting underprivileged, excluded target populations, setting intervention goals opposing the oppressors while recognising abused women (giving voice and visibility) and redistributing material resources for the needy, employing intervention methods that see distress as a structural product, standing by their applicants and encouraging change. Structural, oppositional and activist critical practice fits the social work profession when overshadowed by ‘government failure’ in general, especially among minorities.
The ubiquitin E3 ligase MDM2 induces chemoresistance in colorectal cancer by degradation of ING3
Authors: Zhang Liangliang , Zhu Dagang , Jiang Jiwen , Min Zhenyu , Fa Zhenzhong
Published: June 2023

Chemoresistance is an obstacle for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. This study investigates the role of the ubiquitin E3 ligase MDM2 in affecting cell growth and chemosensitivity in CRC cells by modifying the transcription factor inhibitor of growth protein 3 (ING3). The expression of MDM2 and ING3 in CRC tissues was predicted by bioinformatics analysis, followed by expression validation and their interaction in CRC HCT116 and LS180 cells. Ectopic overexpression or knockdown of MDM2/ING3 was performed to test their effect on proliferation and apotptosis as well as chemosensitivity of CRC cells. Finally, the effect of MDM2/ING3 expression on the in vivo tumorigenesis of CRC cells was examined through subcutaneous tumor xenograft experiment in nude mice. MDM2 promoted ubiquitin-proteasome pathway degradation of ING3 through ubiquitination and diminished its protein stability. Overexpression of MDM2 downregulated ING3 expression, which promoted CRC cell proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis. The enhancing role of MDM2 in tumorigenesis and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs was also confirmed in vivo. Our findings highlight that MDM2 modifies the transcription factor ING3 by ubiquitination-proteasome pathway degradation, thus reducing ING3 protein stability, which finally promotes CRC cell growth and chemoresistance.
Neural correlates of immediate versus delayed extinction when simultaneously varying the time of the test in humans
Authors: Kampa Miriam , Hermann Andrea , Stark Rudolf , Klucken Tim
Published: June 2023

Anxiety disorders are effectively treated with exposure therapy based on the extinction of Pavlovian fear conditioning. Animal research indicates that both the timing of extinction and test are important factors to reduce the return of fear. However, empirical evidence in humans is incomplete and inconsistent. In this neuroimaging study, we, therefore, tested 103 young, healthy participants in a 2-factorial between-subjects design with the factors extinction group (immediate, delayed) and test group (+1 day and +7 days). Immediate extinction led to greater retention of fear memory at the beginning of extinction training indicated by increased skin conductance responses. A return of fear was observed in both extinction groups, with a trend toward a greater return of fear in immediate extinction. The return of fear was generally higher in groups with an early test. Neuroimaging results show successful cross-group fear acquisition and retention, as well as activation of the left nucleus accumbens during extinction training. Importantly, the delayed extinction group showed a larger bilateral nucleus accumbens activation during test. This nucleus accumbens finding is discussed in terms of salience, contingency, relief, and prediction error processing. It may imply that the delayed extinction group benefits more from the test as a new learning opportunity.
Magnetic sphincter augmentation: paradigm change or just another device in the surgeon’s toolbox?
Authors: DeMeester Tom R
Published: June 2023

The common denominator for virtually all episodes of gastroesophageal reflux in health and disease is the loss of the barrier that confines the distal esophagus to the stomach. Factors important in maintaining the function of the barrier are its pressure, length and position. In early reflux disease, overeating, gastric distention and delayed gastric emptying led to a transient loss of the barrier. A permanent loss of the barrier occurs from inflammatory injury to the muscle allowing free flow of gastric juice into the esophageal body. Corrective therapy requires augmentation or restoration of the barrier referred to more commonly as the lower esophageal sphincter.