bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gaps in Network Infrastructure limit our understanding of biogenic methane emissions in the United States
Authors: Malone Sparkle , Oh Youmi , Arndt Kyle , Burba George , Commane Roisin , Contosta Alexandra , Goodrich Jordan , Loescher Henry , Starr Gregory , Varner Ruth
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Understanding the sources and sinks of CH4 is critical to both predicting and mitigating future climate change. There are large uncertainties in the global budget of atmospheric CH4, but natural emissions are estimated to be of a similar magnitude to total anthropogenic emissions. The largest sources of uncertainty in scaling bottom-up CH4 estimates stem from limited ground-based measurements and the misalignment between drivers of CH4 fluxes and current land use classifications. To understand the CH4 flux potential of natural ecosystems and agricultural lands in the United States (US) of America, a multi-scale CH4 observation network focused on CH4 flux rates, processes, and scaling methods is required. This can be achieved with a network of ground-based observations that are distributed based on climatic regions and landcover. To determine the gaps in physical infrastructure for developing this network, we need to understand the representativeness of current measurements. We focus here on eddy covariance (EC) flux towers because they are essential for a bottom-up framework that bridges the gap between point-based chamber measurements and airborne or satellite platforms, informing the remote sensing and modelling communities and policy decisions, all the way to IPCC reports. Using multidimensional scaling and a cluster analysis, the US was divided into 10 clusters that were distributed across temperature and wetness gradients. We evaluated the distance to the medoid condition within each cluster for research sites with EC tower infrastructure to identify the gaps in existing infrastructure that limit our ability to constrain the contribution of US biogenic CH4 emissions to the global budget. These gaps occurred across all EC flux tower networks and independently managed sites as well as in some environmental clusters. Through our analysis using climate, land cover, and location variables, we have identified priority areas to target for research infrastructure to provide a more complete understanding of the CH4 flux potential of ecosystem types across the US.
Modeling of streamflow in a 30-kilometer-long reach spanning 5 years using OpenFOAM 5.x
Authors: Chen Yunxiang , Bao Jie , Fang Yilin , Perkins William A. , Ren Huiying , Song Xuehang , Duan Zhuoran , Hou Zhangshuan , He Xiaoliang , Scheibe Timothy D.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Developing accurate and efficient modeling techniques for streamflow at tens-kilometer spatial scale and multi-year temporal scale is critical for evaluating and predicting the impact of climate- and human-induced discharge variations on river hydrodynamics. However, achieving such a goal is challenging because of limited surveys of streambed hydraulic roughness, uncertain boundary condition specifications, and high computational costs. We demonstrate that accurate and efficient three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic modeling of natural rivers at 30-kilometer and 5-year scales is feasible using the following three techniques within OpenFOAM, an open source computational fluid dynamics platform: 1) generating a distributed hydraulic roughness field for the streambed by integrating water stage observation data, a rough wall theory, and a local roughness optimization and adjustment strategy; 2) prescribing the boundary condition for the inflow and outflow by integrating pre-computed results of a one-dimensional (1D) hydraulic model with the 3D model; and 3) reducing computational time using multiple parallel runs constrained by 1D inflow and outflow boundary conditions. Streamflow modeling for a 30-kilometer-long reach in the Columbia River (CR) over 58 months can be achieved in less than six days using 1.1 million CPU hours. The mean error between the modeled and the observed water stages for our simulated CR reach ranges from −16 cm to 9 cm (equivalent to ca. ±7 % relative to the average water depth) at seven locations during most of the years between 2011 and 2019. We can reproduce the velocity distribution measured by the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). The correlation coefficients of the depth-averaged velocity between the model and ADCP measurements are in the range between 0.71 and 0.83 at 75 % of the survey cross-sections. With the validated model, we further show that the relative importance of dynamic pressure versus hydrostatic pressure varies with discharge variations and topography heterogeneity. Given the model's high accuracy and computational efficiency, the model framework provides a generic approach to evaluate and predict the impact of climate- and human-induced discharge variations on river hydrodynamics at tens kilometer and decade scales.
Implementasi Total Quality Management (TQM) di Pesantren?
Authors: Siti Syarifah Liah
Published: October 2021

Total Quality Management (TQM) menjadi acuan dalam pengelolaan lembaga pendidikan yang berbasis kualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengupas implementasi Total Quality Management (TQM) di lembaga pendidikan pesantren. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat studi pustaka (library research). Sumber data penelitian terdiri dari sumber primer dan sekunder. Data-data penelitian tersebut dikumpulkan dengan cara mengumpulkan buku-buku dan jurnal-jurnal tentang Total Quality Management (TQM) yang kemudian dipilih, disajikan dan dianalisis secara sistematis dan kritis. Adapun teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis isi (content analysis). Berdasarkan kajian ditemukan bahwa implementasi Total Quality Management (TQM) di pesantren dilakukan dengan mengangkat “mutu” sebagai strategi usaha yang diorientasikan pada kepuasan pelanggan dengan berlandaskan pada nilai-nilai agama Islam. Demi kepentingan tersebut, alat dan teknik mutu digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memecahkan masalah secara kreatif demi pencapaian mutu pesantren. Berdasarkan kajian disimpulkan bahwa Total Quality Management (TQM) dapat menjadi strategi untuk mengelola lembaga pendidikan pesantren berbasis kualitas.
The altered profile of a donated cadaver population: challenges for teaching and research?
Authors:   School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Brits Desiré M. , Billings Brendon K. , Kramer Beverley , Hutchinson Erin F.
Published: October 2021

Efforts by anatomists over the recent past, have converted the cadaver population in a South Afri-can institution from a predominantly unclaimed population into one purely derived from donors. Concurrent with this transformation were noticea-ble changes in cadaver demographics, which raised concerns for aspects of teaching and re-search. The aim of this study was therefore to ex-plore the effects of donation on the demographics and anatomical integrity of the Schools 2017 ca-daver population. The provenance, ancestry, sex and age of 74 cadavers were investigated. Dis-sected cadavers were studied to ascertain the general condition of their anatomy. Variations in tissue integrity, morphology and overt pathologies were surveyed. Cadavers represented only one population group with slightly more females (54%). The majority of the cohort (62%) was aged be-tween 71 and 90 years. With regards to anatomical integrity, 60% of the cadavers presented with ad-hering fascia, but no significant differences in the quantity of fat were found across the sample. High levels of muscle tearing and atrophy (76%) oc-curred and variations in visceral anatomy were noted. Various surgical interventions and overt pathologies were also observed. The donated ca-daver population differed from previous unclaimed cadaver populations in that they consisted of only White, older individuals. Variations, surgical inter-ventions and pathologies offer staff in anatomy an opportunity to engage with more clinically-oriented teaching, as well as introducing students to the discipline of gerontology.
Saudação Laudatória ao Professor Hilton Seda: recebido como Membro Honorário da Academia Nacional de Medicina, em 12 de setembro de 2019
Authors: DANIEL-RIBEIRO C.T.
Published: October 2021

Excelentíssimo Senhor Presidente da Academia Nacional de Medicina Acadêmico Jorge Alberto Costa e Silva Exmo. Senhor Secretário Geral da Academia Nacional de Medicina Acadêmico José Galvão Alves Exmo. Senhor 1º Secretário da Academia Nacional de Medicina Acadêmico Ricardo José Lopes da Cruz Exmo. Senhor Membro Honorário da Academia Nacional de Medicina Professor Meer Gurfinkel. Exmo. Senhor Diretor da Faculdade de Medicina de Petrópolis Professor Paulo Cesar Guimarães Exmo. Senhoras e Senhores Acadêmicos Senhoras e Senhores convidados. Meu muito querido amigo Hilton Seda, é uma enorme honra saudá-lo. Aprendi com o Acadêmico Francisco Sampaio, presidente desta casa no biênio 2015-2017, que a mais honrosa tarefa de um Acadêmico, depois do ingresso nesta egrégia Congregação e excluindo a possibilidade de dela se tornar presidente, é receber e saudar um novo membro. Faço isso, portanto, com o peito em júbilo, pela honra da tarefa e por ser o recipiendário um amigo tão antigo quanto Discurso de saudação laudatória ao professor doutor Hilton Seda em sua posse como Membro Honorário da ANM querido. Foi, de fato, no início dos anos 1980 que fui ter à sua casa como conviva,1 levado por Sylvio Celso Gonçalves da Costa, pesquisador do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz que conhecera em Paris ainda doutorando em biologia humana.
GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SMK NEGERI 2 BOJONEGORO
Authors: Syaikhu Syaikhu , Hartati C. Sri , Soenarmi Soenarmi
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan gaya kepemimpinan, kepuasan kerja, komitmen organisasi dan kinerja guru SMK Negeri 2 Bojonegoro. Untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, kepuasan kerja, dan komitmen organisasi secara simultan dan secara parsial terhadap kinerja guru SMK Negeri 2 Bojonegoro. Jenis penelitian ini explanatory menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi adalah seluruh guru SMK Negeri 2 Bojonegoro yang berjumlah 108 orang dan sampel juga sebanyak 108 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu total sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakankan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui variabel gaya kepemimpinan dalam kondisi sangat baik, variabel kepuasan kerja dalam kondisi baik, variabel komitmen organisasi dalam kondisi baik, variabel kinerja guru dalam kondisi baik. Gaya kepemimpinan, kepuasan kerja, dan komitmen organisasi secara simultan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di SMKN 2 Bojonegoro. Gaya kepemimpinan dan komitmen organisasi secara parsial memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Kinerja Guru di SMKN 2 Bojonegoro, sedangkan Kepuasan kerja tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di SMKN 2 Bojonegoro.
IJMA’ SEBAGAI YURISPRUDENSI HUKUM ISLAM DALAM PANDANGAN IMAM HANAFI DAN IMAM SYAFI’I
Authors: Ihya' Rachmat
Published: October 2021

Perbincangan (discourse) tentang ijma‟ menjadi sangat signifikan dan urgen, sebab pada segmen-segmen hukum tertentu masih banyak hal yang belum tersentuh oleh teks-teks al-Qur‟an dan al-Hadits, sementara realita perkembangan budaya dan peradaban manusia semakin kompleks seiring dengan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, sehingga semakin banya dijumpai wacana-wacana serta permasalahan baru yang secara ekplisit dasara hukumnya tidak terdapat dalam al-Qur‟an dan al-Hadits. Dari perspektif ini ijma‟ berada pada tempat yang signifikan, sangat menentukan untuk menetapkan sebuah kepastian hukum, lebih dari itu ijma‟ juga memainkan peran penting dalam perkembangan syari‟ah, dari pada itu ijma‟ memberi validitas final pada struktur Islam yang kokoh. Kehujjahan ijma‟ terkait dengan kepentingan hukum menurut dua imam madzhab, Imam Hanafi dan Imam Syafi‟i, bila dikaji secara mendalam dan ilmiah ternyata tetap sangat menarik, ibarat sumber air tidak pernah kering sekalipun telah terkuras dari waktu-kewaktu. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa ijma‟ merupakan hujjah qat‟iyah yang wajib diamalkan, jika dilihat dari segi cara terjadinya kesepakatan hukum syara‟, maka ijma‟ itu terbagi menjadi dua bentuk, yaitu ijma‟ sharih dan ijma‟ sukuti, menurut pendapat imam Hanafi antara ijma‟ sharih dan ijma‟ sukuti kedua-duanya layak dijadikan hujjah (argumentasi). Sedangkan menurut pendapat imam Syafi‟i tentang ijma‟ menyatakan bahwa, hanya ijma‟ sharih yang bisa digunakan sebagai dalil hukum, dan imam Syafi‟i menolak kehujjahan ijma‟ sukuti sebagai dalil hukum. Dalam pendapat kedua imam (Hanafi dan Syafi‟i) terdapat persama‟an pada kehujjahan ijma‟ sharih sebagai dalil hukum.
PERAN ISTRI SEBAGAI PEKERJA BURUH MIGRAN DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KELUARGA SAKINAH
Authors: Farid Mohammad , Badri Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan peran istri sebagai pencari nafkah utama terhadap kehidupan rumah tangga dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research). Dengan mengambil objek penelitian di Desa Jagapura lor dan menggunakan kerangka berfikir induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Profesi sebagai Buruh Migran banyak dilakukan oleh istri di Desa Jagapura Lor Kecamatan Gegesik Kabupaten Cirebon. Perspektif Islam profesi sebagai Buruh Migran sangatlah diperbolehkan, apabila terdapat jaminan keamanan dari Negara tempat mereka bekerja. Hal tersebut bertujuan jika seorang perempuan bekerja tanpa ditemani mahramnya. Istri yang bekerja di Luar Negeri dalam pembentukan keluarga sakinah di Desa Jagapura Lor Kecamatan Gegesik Kabupaten Cirebon lebih banyak pengaruh positifnya dibandingkan pengaruh negatifnya, hal tersebut terlihat dengan adanya fakta bahwa selama ditinggalkan istri bekerja di luar negeri suami berpendapat masih mampu menjadi orangtua yang baik untuk mendidik anak agar pemeliharaan agama, jiwa dan akal sesuai dengan syariat Islam, meskipun tidak dapat sepenuhnya menggantikan peran istri dalam kehidupan rumah tangga.
MEMBANGUN PERADABAN MELALUI PRINSIP KESETARAAN SYARI’AT
Authors: Hariyadi Bachtiar
Published: October 2021

This study aims to analyze the principles of fiqhiyyah about fair treatment of both Muslims and non-Muslim communities. This study uses a hermeneutic approach, a study that emphasizes the analysis of a verse text. Hermeneutics is widely used in the study of texts in almost all scientific fields, including: philosophy, art, literature, history, law, and others, including the study of Islamic law. One of the characteristics of Islamic law is its position in the realm of idealism and positivism. Idealism because Islamic law is a law that comes from Allah SWT. and it is said to be positivism because within certain limits Islamic law is always up to date with the times. The results show that the history of the formation and application of sharia is strongly influenced by the conditions in which it was formulated. The implication is that Islamic legal products that actually come from the same text, namely al-Qur'an and al-Sunnah, can produce different legal products when the context of the problem is different. In addition, the different perspectives and approaches used by the ulama in analyzing social reality also have an effect on the legal products produced, so it is not strange if the scholars have different opinions on the same case.
Wajah Bengis Hukum Islam dalam Tafsir Kaum Muslim Radikal
Authors: Zaini M. Farid
Published: October 2021

This paper is a form of literary study of Islamic law related to the interpretation of truth from two groups, namely Radical Muslims and Moderate Muslims. Radical Muslims construct narratives of "imagined Islam", both as a mythology of the past and a future utopia. They are aggressive and speak out loud in expressing their religious understanding, so that the impact becomes acts of violence and terror. In contrast to moderate Muslims, with a narrative of harmony that Islam is compromised with the local context of society, with the aim of realizing God's mercy and compassion for all human beings. The nature of compassion and moderation which are the basic values ​​of Islamic law must always be fought for against other Muslim groups who have violent and fierce faces. Furthermore, this paper wants to reveal the point of issue which is the source of interpretation between moderates and radicals in defining the meaning of "the truth of the Islamic faith" in applying God's laws on earth.
PRINSIP PENGADILAN YANG ADIL BERDASARKAN YURISPRUDENSI ISLAM DAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Evendi Wakid
Published: October 2021

A fair trial with respect for human dignity is the most important feature of the measure of Islamic justice and is a guarantee for individuals to enjoy the basic principles of human rights such as freedom and equality. The administration of justice is not only possible because of the existence of substantive laws, but also the executive and formal methods have a prominent and important role to be understood by the current international justice system. However, the weakness of human thought in formulating comprehensive and efficient laws hinders the realization of justice and the achievement of fair court practices. This study intends to identify the principles of fair trial administration from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and international law. With a normative juridical approach, this study concludes that the Islamic judicial system includes principles that guarantee the rights of the accused to the highest level, namely the preservation of human dignity.
MATHEMATICAL JUSTIFICATION OF FIBER SENSORS BASED ON FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS
Authors: Wójcik Waldemar
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, the most promising approach is the use of fiber-optic sensors as a key element of the monitoring system. Fiber-optic sensors (FOS) have a number of advantages, the most important of which include immunity to electromagnetic interference, low weight and the possibility of their inclusion in the measured structure. The use of such sensors in the monitoring system will make it possible to simplify the measurement and obtain reliable data, as well as to obtain all new possibilities for measuring various quantities simultaneously.The most perspective are the sensors based on the Bragg fiber gratings. Bragg fiber gratings have several advantages, for instance, they allow creating the distributed measuring massifs, which contain several sensors. As well, they are insensitive to the optic power source vibrations. Variety of using the fiber sensors based on the Bragg fiber gratings has led to producing the Bragg fiber gratings with different spectral characteristics.The article herein considers the issues of the Bragg fiber gratings mathematical modeling using the transfer matrix method. Transfer matrix method allows defining the optical components spectral characteristics based on the bound modes theory and description of electromagnetic wave, passing through an optic fiber. In the article there have been analyzed the Bragg fiber gratings in compliance with spectral features, such as transmission and reflectance spectra.
ALGORITHM FOR SIMULATING THE NUMBER AND ORDER OF CARS IN THE TRAIN ARRIVING AT THE ACCESS TRACK
Authors: Adilova Nazdana
Published: October 2021

An algorithm for simulating the number and order of cars in a train arriving at an access track.

The paper presents an algorithm for randomly generating the characteristics of trains arriving at the access road. Trains are characterized by the following parameters: the number of uncoupling cars arriving at the internal stations of the access track, the number of cars in each uncoupling, the order of the uncoupling in the train. The number of detachments is formed randomly in the range from one to the value of the total number of internal stations of the access road. The number of cars in each uncoupling is formed randomly from zero to one-third of the size of the train composition. Moreover, the proportionality of the volumes of car traffic going to each station is observed. The number of options for the location of detachments (permutations) is determined by the factorial of the number of stations. The number of the permutation variant is randomly selected.
АВТОКӨЛІК ЛОГИСТИКАСЫН ЖЕТІЛДІРУДІҢ НЕГІЗДЕМЕЛЕРІ
Authors: Битилеуова Зухра , Рамазан Бекбол
Published: October 2021

Бұл мақалада көлік қызметтерінің сапасын жақсарту қажеттілігімен, басқару механизмін жетілдірумен, ішкі өндірістік көліктік қызмет көрсету жүйелерін қамтамасыз ете алатын, басқарудың қазіргі заманғы әдістерін қолданумен, халықтың көлік қызметтеріне қажеттіліктерінің өзгеруіне икемді жауап берумен сипатталыпқарастырылады.
SOL-21 ОСЬТЕРДІ САНАУ ЖҮЙЕСІНДЕГІ ELS-95 ТИПТІ ЖОЛДЫҚ ДАТЧИКТЕРІНІҢ ЖҰМЫС ҚАБІЛЕТТІЛІГІН АРТТЫРУ
Authors: Касымова Айнур
Published: October 2021

Бұл мақалада Қазақстан Республикасы теміржол желісіндегі қолданыстағы SOL-21 осьтерді электронды санау жүйесінің ELS-95 жолдық датчиктерінің магниттелуінен пайда болатын істен шығуларды болдырмау және оның алдын-алу бойынша техникалық шешімдер қарастырылған. Бүгінгі таңда теміржол желісінде телімнің бос немесе бос еместігін анықтау үшін рельс тізбектері қолданылады. Дегенмен, рельс тізбектерінің бірқатар кемшіліктеріне байланысты, қазіргі таңда олар қарқынды түрде осьтерді санау жүйелеріне алмастырылып келеді. Қазіргі таңда осьтерді санау жүйелерін өндіретін бірқатар компаниялар бар. Мысалы: Промэлектроника (ЭССО жүйесі), Уралжелдоравтоматика (СКП Урал жүйесі), Siemens AG (АСМ-100 жүйесі), Bombardier (SOL-21 жүйесі), General Elecrtic (SCA-2) жүйесі және т.б. Аталған компаниялардың ішінде Bombardier компаниясының SOL-21 осьтерді санау жүйесі Қазақстан Республикасының теміржол желісінде (мысалы: Жетген-Алтынкөл, Шалқар-Сексеуіл, Шалқар-Бейнеу және т.б. теміржол желілері) кең қолданысқа ие болып келеді. Дегенмен, пайдалану барысында SOL-21 осьтерді санау жүйесінің негізгі кемшілігі анықталды. Бұл кемшілік - SOL-21 осьтерді санау жүйесінің ELS-95 типті жолдық датчиктерінің үстімен мотовоздар немесе дрезиналар жүруі барысында жолдық датчиктерде магниттелу пайда болып, теміржол телімі бақылаусыз қалуда. Мұндай жағдайдың себебінен пойыздар қозғалыс қауіпсіздігі қамтамасыз етілмей, апаттық жағдайдың орын алуы мүмкін. Осыған орай, бұл мақалада ELS-95 датчиктерінің магниттелуін болдырмайтын және оның алдын-алатын өзекті техникалық шешім қарастырылған. Бұл техникалық шешімді қолдана отыра, тек жолдық датчиктің жұмысын жақсартып ғана қоймай, сондай-ақ пойыздар қозғалыс қауіпсіздігін жоғарғы деңгейде қамтамасыз етуге болады.
CALCULATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE WIND TURBINE ROTOR EDDY CURRENT SENSOR
Authors: Fazylova Аlina
Published: October 2021

Eddy current sensors are used to measure shaft clearance in wind turbines and to check that there is a thin film of oil in the clearance. In this case, the oil is usually applied under pressure. Because the eddy current sensors are resistant to oil, pressure and temperature, this allows them to operate reliably in these hostile environments. When the gap becomes too large, a maintenance warning is generated. Eddy current sensors help detect axial and radial deflection of the turbine shaft. Radial movement occurs when the shaft is off-center. Axial movement indicates that the shaft is tilted relative to the central axis. Both cannot be eliminated completely. However, with significant deviations, increased bearing wear occurs. If such situations are detected, the turbine should be shut down as soon as possible for maintenance, even before an accident occurs. Finally, eddy current sensors are used to measure forces or torques applied to the nacelle. These influences can be caused by vibration, wind loads or other factors that, over time, can lead to the destruction of the entire structure. Eddy current sensors can also be used to measure axial, radial or tangential deflection of clutch discs, which ensure the safety of the rotor in the event of strong winds. This article provides a method for calculating an inductive sensor. This calculation will allow you to correctly develop a wind turbine eddy current sensor.
MUNCHAUSEN'S SYNDROME BY PROXY: A MODERN PEDIATRIC CHALLENGE.
Authors: Mohammad Ali Jan  , Israr ul Haq  , Zia ullah khan
Published: October 2021

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP) continues to mystify health care professionals, law enforcementofficials and the judicial system, even in developed countries'. Though the first cases were described in 1977it remains puzzling why a parent should want to induce factitious symptoms and illnesses in a child. Manyprofessionals do not consider MSBP as a diagnosis because the parent, usually the mother, is so convincingthat she is a "good" mother, cares about and wants the best for her child." This article is offered to furthereducate physicians that MSBP exists, can present in the form of anything and should be considered as adiagnosis in cases that do not make medical sense. We believe this is the first such case to be recorded inNorth West Frontier Province.Key words: Munchausen syndrome, Factitious disorders, Ammonia solution.
OUTCOME OF DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY WITH OR WITHOUT SILICON INTUBATION IN PRIMARY NASOLACRIMAL DUCT OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Haroon Rashid  , Faizur Rahman  , Abid Naseem  , Arshad Iqbal.
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the outcome of Classical Dacrocystorhinostomy(DCR) alone or with Slicon intubation in patients of primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction.Study design: This is a randomized prospective interventional study performed at Saidu Teaching Hospitalform from 1st January'2006 to 31st December 2006.Material and methods: Diagnosis of nasolacrimal duct obstruction was made on basis of history, clinicalexamination, regurgitation test and syringing of the nasolacrimal passage. Patients were selected byconvenient sampling and were randomized to two groups, for DCR with and without Silicon tube. Silicontube was removed after 4 months of surgery. Patients were followed up to 6 months.Results: Total number of patients was one hundred. Fifty (50%) patients were operated with siliconintubation and 50 (50%) without silicon intubation. Male to female ratio was 1:1.27.Age range was 15 yearsto 80 years. Mean, median and mode ages were 42.54, 47 and 30 years respectively. Eleven patients werelost from the study at various stages and were not included in the results of the study. The complicationsnoted were silicon tube loss in 2 cases, silicon tube displacement in 3 cases and DCR failure in 4 cases.Among the failure, 2 cases belonged to each group with and without silicon intubation.Conclusions: We conclude that the complications rate with and without silicon intubation is the same inprimary nasolacrimal duct obstruction. It is therefore, recommended that silicon intubation may not benecessary in such cases.Key words: DCR, Intubation, NLD Obstruction.
A STUDY OF WASTE MANAGEMENT OF SAIDU TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Bushra Iftikhar  , Muhammad Jan  , Khurshid Ahmad  , Satea Arif
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The study was designed to find out the type and quantity of different type of wastes generated inthe two wings of Saidu Group of teaching Hospitals. The study also aimed at finding that whether facilitiesare available in different units for the segregation, storage, disinfection of infectious waste at the onset andmethods of disposal of waste within and outside the hospital. Also, types of items reused and their methodsof sterilization and the fate of used syringes was found out.Study Design: ObservationalMethodology: The study focus was Saidu Teaching Hospital (STH), a tertiary care hospital providingservices to the people of Swat, Malakand, Dir, Kohistan and areas far up to Chitral. Situated 1.5 Km apartSTH consists of two administrative units,Saidu Wing and Central Wing.A qualitative analysis of various aspects of waste management was done by reviewing the availableauthentic record and discussion with the sanitary and administrative staff of the hospital. All the data wascollected according to, and filled in a pre-designed questionnaire.Results: It was found that Saidu Teaching Hospital generates more than 550 Kg of solid waste and 1295liters of liquid waste per day, which makes 1.2 Kg/bed/day. As a whole 80% of the waste generated wasordinary garbage, 12% was infectious, 4% was Pharmacological, 3% pathological and 0.8% consisted ofsharps.The provision of facilities for the segregation of waste at outpatient departments, Wards, Operation theatreand Laboratories/Blood Banks were 7.5%, 7%, 20% and 28.5% respectively and for storage of waste beforedisposal at outpatient departments, Wards, Operation theatre and Laboratories / Blood Banks were 22%,8%, 0% and 28.5% respectively.Disinfection of infectious waste at outpatient departments, wards, operation theatre and laboratories / bloodbanks was 10%, 12%, 0% and 17% respectively. Methods used were treatment with phenyl and burning inopen air.About the removal of waste from hospital premises, 78% mentioned sweepers, 17% said rig pickers while5% said that there is no one to take away the waste.54% admitted that they threw the syringes as such in thebins.The study found that 80% of the waste went to the municipal corporation land fills, the rest was either burntor thrown as such into the water channel passing through the hospital (12% & 8% respectively). 67% blamedthe administration, 25 % held the doctors responsible, 37% charged the nursing staff and 67% blamed thesweepers for the faulty management of hospital waste.Conclusion: It is thus concluded that Saidu Teaching Hospital generates huge amount of solid and liquidwaste, which is not properly disposed off currently, therefore it needs modern and scientific waste disposalsystems.Keywords: Waste Management, hospital waste management, waste disposal
FREQUENCY OF KNOWN RISK FACTORS FOR STROKE IN POOR PATIENTS OF A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN DISTRICT SWAT.
Authors: Aziz Ahmad  , Rashid Ahmad  , Purdil Khan  , Bacha Amin  , Anwar Syed  , Khalid Ahmad
Published: October 2021

Objective: To study the frequency of known risk factors for stroke in poor patients of Swat district.

Design: prospective, descriptive hospital based study.

Setting: Saidu teaching Hospital Saidu Sharif district Swat.

Subjects and Methods: All poor patients admitted to the general medical ward of Saidu teaching Hospitalduring June 2005 to May 2007 were included in the study.Type of stroke was identified by C.T.scan. Risk factors for stroke and other relevant information wasrecorded on properly designed proforma. The data was analyzed on SPSS

Results: Data of 134 patients, 75 male and 59 females was collected. 92 patients (70%) had cerebralinfarction, 30 patients (23%) had cerebral haemorrhage. 12 patients had normal C.T scan (non enhanced).Most patients had more than one risk factor. Hypertension was present in 61%, smoking 50%, sedentaryhabits 38%, diabetes 33%, dyslipidemia 32 %, coronary artery disease 22 %, obesity 11%, alcoholism 2%and carotid artery stenosis 5%. In hospital mortality was 20%. Eighty eight percent of patients weredependent at the time of discharge for their daily activities.

Conclusion: Hypertension, smoking and diabetes are major risk factors for the development of stroke ingeneral poor population. All aims of primary and secondary prevention should address these major riskfactors. Most of the patients become dependent and it is very important to develop stroke units,physiotherapy programs and rehabilitation centers to reduce morbidity due to stroke in a poor community.

Key Worlds: Stroke, Risk factors,Swat District.
“PLATELET COUNT” , DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE IN MALARIA PATIENTS
Authors: Muhammad Tahir Khan  , Asif Hussain Munir  , Alamzeb  , Ahmad Arsalan Tahir
Published: October 2021

Malaria continues to be a cause of high mortality and morbidity. It can cause anemia and thrombocytopenia.The mechanism of thrombocytopenia in malaria is probably the consequence of several factors.Experimental data and clinical studies have successively emphasized the role of immune factors and thedestruction or sequestration of platelets. Thrombocytopenia might be a useful indicator of malaria and canalso be used as a marker of response to therapy. This study was conducted to evaluate thrombocytopenia inthe patients suffering from acute plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum malaria separately.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of malaria on platelet count.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an original descriptive case series study and was carried out inpathology department Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar over period of six months from 1 st June 2011 to30 December 2011 . Total of 200 malaria parasite positive patients were included in the study. These patientsshowed malaria parasite in their peripheral blood smear (thick and thin) stained with Giemsa stain. P.vivaxand P.falciparum positive cases were grouped separately. Complete blood count was done on automatichematology analyzer and Platelet count was noted.

RESULTS: Out of 200 patient, 120 were males and 80 were females. 127 (63.5%) were plasmodium vivaxpositive and 73 (36.5%) were plasmodium falciparum positive. Amongst P. Vivax positive patients 62(48.81%) showed thrombocytopenia while amongst P. falciparum positive patients 40 (54.79%) showedthrombocytopenia. Thus thrombocytopenia is observed to be more common amongst P. falciparum positivepatients.

CONCLUSION:Malaria parasite causes thrombocytopenia.

KEYWORDS: Platelets, thrombocytopenia, malaria.
4D investigation of water infiltration in waste dumps using electrical resistivity (Elatsite mine, Bulgaria)
Authors: Benderev Aleksey , Mitev Asen , Hlebarov Grigor , Valtchev Simeon , Vasilev Ivan , Grigorov Aleksandar
Published: October 2021

The objective was to investigate how water infiltrated into waste dumps at a mine site. The electrical resistivity method of field geophysics was applied to produce 4D imaging of progressive water infiltration into the waste dump. The goal is to test a method for investigating how rain water infiltrates unconsolidated materials in mine waste dumps. This is an important problem when evaluating the water balance in waste dumps and understanding the conditions for contamination of the water flowing through the waste materials. The trial was carried out in one of the two large dumps at Elatsite mine, which are composed of rocks with various fragment size and diverse mineral composition. The investigation was undertaken by discharging salt solution into the waste dump and taking geophysical measurements on a rectangular electrode grid at certain time intervals. The grid consisted of 64 electrodes forming 10×5 m cells and covering a 70×35 m area. As a result, it was possible to record how the infiltration and dispersion of the salt solution developed in space and time. In the last one of the seven surveys, 40 hours after the start of the trial, it was established that the salt solution reached a depth of approximately 40 m. The results could be used for predicting the interaction between water and waste material.
DIPLOMASI PUBLIK SEBAGAI NATION BRANDING DENGAN TERPILIHNYA INDONESIA SEBAGAI TUAN RUMAH FIBA WORLD CUP 2023
Authors: Puspitasari Elen , Indrawati Indrawati
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAK                                             Diplomasi publik dengan menggunakan nation branding untuk meningkatkan citra positif Indonesia dimata dunia dalam bidang olahraga bola basket, hingga terpilihnya Indonesia sebagai tuan rumah FIBA World Cup 2023. Pemerintah Indonesia menggunakan aktor-aktor non negara seperti atlit-atlit profesional dan beberapa organisasi untuk menjalankan programnyayaitu Perbasi dan IOC, dengan mengikuti berbagai persyaratan sebagai tuan rumah melalui partisipasi kualifikasi FIBA Asia 2021 dan perbaikan venue. Peningkatkan prestasi bola basket dalam ranah regional, nasional, dan internasional. Performa yang kuat oleh negara tuan rumah akan sangat berpengaruh dalam mengarahkan minat lokal dan masyarakat internasional yang dibutuhkan untuk kesusksesan turnamen ini, dilihat dari track record perkembangan Tim Nasional Indonesia yang sudah diakui oleh FIBA mengalami kemajuan yang cukup baik. Melakukan naturalisasi pemain, untuk menjadi hosting country memerlukan banyak hal untuk memenuhi beberapa kritteria sesuai dengan standarisasi event.Kata kunci : Diplomasi publik, Nation branding, Perbasi, FIBAABSTRACTPublic diplomacy by using nation branding to enhance Indonesia's positive image in the eyes of the world in the field of basketball, until the election of Indonesiaas the host of the FIBA World Cup 2023. The Indonesian government uses non-state actors such as professional athletes and several organizations to carry out its programs, namely Perbasi and IOC, by following various requirements as hosts through the participation of FIBA Asia 2021 qualifications and venue improvements. Enhancing basketball achievements in the regional, national and international realms. The strong performance by the host country will be very influential in directing the local and international community interest needed for the success of this tournament, seen from the track record of the development of the Indonesian National Team which has been recognized by FIBA as having progressed quite well. Naturalizing players, becoming a hosting country requires many things to meet several criteria in accordance with event standardization. Keywords: Public diplomacy, Nation branding, Perbasi, FIBA
The The role of Sarvang sundar rasa Orally and Mahamash tail locally in the management of Amavata WSR to Rheumatoid Arthritis –A case study.
Authors: Tayade Swati Sukhdeo , Jamdhade Subhash
Published: October 2021

Amavata is term derives from the word as Ama and vata.Ama is a type of metabolic toxin; it is an essential factor in development of pathology.Mandagni (low digestive fire) produce Ama in the body,when ama get associated with vitiated vata and starts circulating in the body accupies in shleshmal sthana(asthi sandhi) results in painful disease Amavata.
Madhavakara (900 AD) has identified first time the disease.Amavata as seprate entity and discribed the disease in detail.Madhavakara describes etiopathology of amavata that the person with weak digestion (Mandagni) if he is posseses a secondary life (nishchalasya)or if he indulges into virrudha aaharaand vihara e.g.excessive exercise after taking heavy and fatty food,ama is produced and vata get vitiated. This ama provoks by vata (Vayuna preritah),Circulates in the body especially towards shleshmal sthanas. the resultant of cardinal symptoms of amvata are painful swelling of the joints (sarujashotham ) of hands,feet,ankle,knee,hip,Spinal column,and stiffness(jadyata),fever( Jwara),loss of appetite (aruchi),indigestion (apaka),Constipation(vibandhata),gurguling(antrakujanam)etc. this impairs the day to day functions of person.in spite of presence of NSAID,DMRD,steroids etc. the rheumatology remains refractory to treatment but Ayurvedic drug which are therapeutically safe and effectiveness.
AYURVEDA MEDICINE INTERVENTION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF KITIBHA KUSHTHA (PSORIASIS): A CASE STUDY
Authors: Weerasekera Kumudu
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Kitibha kushtha is one of the common forms of disorder which can be correlated with psoriasis in modern medicine. According to Ayurveda classics, the disease arise mainly due to vitiation of Tridosha (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) and Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Medas and Kleda dhatu. This disease primarily characterized by Syava (silvery scaly lesions), Kinakara sparsha (Hard), and Parusha (rough to touch). It is observed that many Ayurveda treatment regimes have been used to treat Kitibha kushtha. Therefore, this study was accomplished to evaluate the Ayurvedic treatment regime for Kitibha kushtha.  A fourteen year old female patient was referred to Ayurvedic Teaching Hospital, Borella, Sri Lanka with two years history of Kitibha kushtha, presented with symptoms of Syava (silvery scaly lesions), Kinakara sparsha (Hard), Parusha (rough to touch and Kandu (severe itching) of the affected area of skin. These existing clinical features were graded and marked using a standard performa. Treatment regime conducted for nine weeks continuously and results were recorded through subsequent visits every week. At the end of the treatment period the patient was entirely relief (100%) from clinical features of the disease Kitibha kushtha.
Key words: Kitibha kushtha, Treatment regime, Psoriasis, Ayurveda
A Review Article on Various Ayuvedic Approaches in The Management of Sthaulya (Obesity)”
Authors: GDAMC Murareegirare , DR.O.P.Vyas  , Dr. Nikita Mishra  , DR. Nimina Nanu Manikkoth
Published: October 2021

A person having heaviness and bulkiness of the body due to extensive growth especially in Udaradi region is termed as "Sthula" and the state (Bhava) of Sthula is called "Sthaulya". Sthaulya or Medorog (obesity) is commonest metabolic disorders in affluent societies caused by irregular diet and sleep patterns, lack of physical activities, stress etc, and it is a direct result of modernization combined with lifestyle changes by exposing oneself to these factors. we unknowingly invited several diseases out of which Sthaulya is one which affects someone’s social, physical, and mental features. Acharya Charaka has mentioned Sthaulya under Santarpanajanya Vyadhi. The present study deals with all the details of Sthaulya according to ayurvedic classics and its preventive methods like Nidan Parivarjan, therapeutic management along with medicine, diet, Pathya and Apathya.
Anthropologie visuelle et représentations alternatives du corps en situation de handicap
Authors:   CHEC, Université Clermont Auvergne, Lardy Caroline
Published: October 2021

This article proposes to reflect on models of documentary staging of sensory disability in open and closed environments. Based on an anthropology of the sensitive, the analysis will focus on the works of Frederick Wiseman and Werner Herzog in particular. The analysis tools of visual anthropology will allow us to examine the scenic biases and the singularity of the authors’ views on disability as well as the variety of learning methods used by the people filmed. We will focus on the description of the body in a situation of disability, on the relationship between the able-bodied and the disabled, as well as on the significant function that the social, medical and educational context can have in the situations described.
Mobile Sexuality: Presentations of Young Filipinos in Dating Apps
Authors: Labor Jonalou
Published: October 2021

Mobile dating applications have become self-presentation spaces and stages among the youth. In the search for romance and sexual relationships, young Filipinos create and act out pre and co-constructed selves that enable them to find dating partners. Using the musings and experiences of 50 Filipino young adults who have been using dating apps to search for love or lust, the study found that created mobile/ online selves or faces reflect presentation strategies that include the show of sincerity, dramatic execution of the role, use of personal front, maintenance of control over the information, mystification, idealization, and misrepresentation. The study concludes that self-presentations range from the authentic to the inauthentic portrayal of the self to advance motives and intents in the use of dating apps.
The Irish Whiskey Quality Research which Sold on the Russian Market
Authors: Елисеев Михаил Николаевич , Неверов Федор Андреевич , Грибкова Ирина Николаевна
Published: October 2021

Статья посвящена вопросу качества ирландских виски, представленных в отечественной розничной сети. Освещен вопрос связи органических соединений зернового сырья, применяемого в технологии виски, и вкусового профиля готовых алкогольных напитков. Приведены результаты исследования органолептических показателей готовых виски, их вкусовые профили, описанные с помощью стандартных дескрипторов для данного вида продукции, а также физико-химические показатели. Выявлены образцы продукции, которые обладают высокими вкусо-ароматическими характеристиками, и это связано с содержанием летучих компонентов образцов. Исследование летучих соединений готовых виски показало их соответствие требованиям нормативной документации Российской Федерации. Анализ полученных количественных характеристик в доверительном интервале р ≥ 0,95 позволил выявить соотношения 3-метилбутанол : 1-пропанол : изобутанол : 2-метилбутанол в качестве маркера принадлежности виски к определенному сроку выдержки - от 3 до 8 лет. Данный факт позволит разработать методы для определения аутентичности и фальсификации виски при проведении дальнейших исследований.

The article is devoted to the issue of the quality of Irish whiskey presented in the domestic retail network. The issue of the relationship between grain raw material organic compounds used in whiskey technology and the taste profile of finished alcoholic beverages is discussed. The study results of finished whiskey organoleptic indicators, their taste profiles, described using standard descriptors for this type of product, as well as physical and chemical indicators are presented. The product samples have been identified that have high taste and aroma characteristics and this is due to the samples volatile components content. The finished whiskey volatile compound study showed their compliance with the requirements of the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the obtained quantitative characteristics in the confidence interval of p ≥ 0.95 made it possible to reveal the ratio of 3-methylbutanol : 1-propanol : isobutanol : 2-methylbutanol as a marker of whiskey belonging to a certain aging period - from 3 to 8 years. This fact will allow the development of methods for determining the authenticity and falsification of whiskey in further research.
Normalized solutions of nonlinear elliptic problems
Authors: Bartsch Thomas
Published: October 2021

The talk will be concerned with the existence of L
2 normalized solutions to nonlinear elliptic equations and systems.A model problem is
the system of nonlinear Schrödinger equations(−∆u + λ1u = µ1u 3 + βuv2 in R 3−∆ v + λ2v = µ2v 3 + βu 2 v in R 3 with normalization constraints Z R3 u 2 = a 2 and Z R3 v 2 = b 2
.Whereas nonlinear elliptic equations and systems have been investigated intensively since the 1960 s, in comparison surprisingly little is known about solutions with prescribed L 2 norms.We discuss this problem and survey recent results.The talk is based on joint work with Louis Jeanjean, Yanyan Liu,
Zhaoli Liu, Nicola Soave, Xuexiu Zhong, Wenming Zou.
Covid-19 Pandemic; Is This an Opportunity for an Educational Big-Bang?
Authors: Karadimou Maria , Tsioumis Kostis
Published: October 2021

This article intends to investigate the impact of the pandemic on the Greek educational community and the opportunity to review the existing educational system. It consists of 4 main axes. The first part presents the pandemic chronicle to the educational community, the second analyses the challenges that the members of the educational community were called to face, the third analyses the pandemic as an opportunity to review the existing educational system, while the latter summarizes the main implications of the above. There are several reasons to review the Greek education system, most importantly the unequal provision of learning opportunities to students from low socio-economic backgrounds. The article comes to raise the question of whether the pandemic is an opportunity to review the educational system and provide equal learning opportunities for all. This article came to highlight the role of participants in the educational process and the challenges they faced with due to emergency.