bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Great Spiral Masquerader: A Case of Concurrent Secondary Syphilis and Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Baliss Michelle , Kline Kevin , Khan Kashif , Stevenson Heather L.
Published: October 2020

We describe a unique case of rash and acute hepatitis confounded by the presence of syphilis that created suspicion for syphilitic hepatitis, a rare and often misdiagnosed condition. Investigation concerning the etiology alternatively lead to the diagnosis of 2 concomitant conditions: active autoimmune hepatitis and secondary syphilis. To our knowledge, this is the first description in the literature of the simultaneous occurrence of secondary syphilis and autoimmune hepatitis. This case serves to increase the recognition of the clinical characteristics and diagnostic challenges of syphilitic hepatitis and to discuss the potential role of pathogens in the induction of autoimmunity.
Higher Vertical Jumping Asymmetries and Lower Physical Performance are Indicators of Increased Injury Incidence in Youth Team-Sport Athletes
Authors: Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe Azahara , Milà-Villarroel Raimon , Pujol-Marzo Montse , Arboix-Alió Jordi , Bishop Chris
Published: October 2020

Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, A, Milà-Villarroel, R, Pujol-Marzo, M, Arboix-Alió, J, and Bishop, C. Higher vertical jumping asymmetries and lower physical performance are indicators of increased injury incidence in youth team-sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res 36(8): 2204–2211, 2022—To date, the literature about the association between injury-risk factors and actual injury incidence in young elite team-sports athletes is scarce. The main objective of this study was to examine how modifiable factors may affect injury incidence. Eighty-one young elite team-sports athletes (age: under-14 to under-18) performed the countermovement jump (CMJ), a single leg CMJ (SLCMJ), the one-legged hop test (OLHT), a 30-m sprint test, the V-cut test, a repeated sprint ability, and the 30-15 intermittent fitness test (IFT) during the pre-season period. Interlimb asymmetries were calculated for SLCMJ and OLHT. Injuries were recorded prospectively for the entirety of the 2017–2018 season. Comparison of injury and noninjury data was performed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results of the ANOVA according to injury showed significant differences in CMJ (p = 0.01), SLCMJ on the lowest performing limb (p = 0.03), and SLCMJ asymmetry (<0.001). Sex × injury interaction was significant from CMJ (p = 0.018) and 30-15 IFT (p = <0.001). In conclusion, this study indicated that athletes with greater interlimb asymmetries, less vertical jump capacity, and lower intermittent aerobic fitness had a greater predisposition to injury. Therefore, monitoring CMJ, aerobic performance, and interlimb asymmetries is recommended given their sensitivity to detect significant differences between injured and healthy youth athletes.
On-Ice and Off-Ice Fitness Profiles of Elite and U20 Male Ice Hockey Players of Two Different National Standards
Authors: Vigh-Larsen Jeppe F. , Haverinen Marko T. , Panduro Jeppe , Ermidis Georgios , Andersen Thomas B. , Overgaard Kristian , Krustrup Peter , Parkkari Jari , Avela Janne , Kyröläinen Heikki , Mohr Magni
Published: October 2020

Vigh-Larsen, JF, Haverinen, MT, Panduro, J, Ermidis, G, Andersen, TB, Overgaard, K, Krustrup, P, Parkkari, J, Avela, J, Kyröläinen, H, and Mohr, M. On-ice and off-ice fitness profiles of elite and U20 male ice hockey players of two different national standards. J Strength Cond Res 34(12): 3369–3376, 2020—Differences in body composition and performance were investigated between elite and U20 male ice hockey players of 2 different national standards. One hundred seventy-nine players were recruited from the highest Finnish (n = 82) and Danish (n = 61) national level, as well as from 1 U20 team from Finland (n = 19) and Denmark (n = 17). Body composition and countermovement jump performance (CMJ) were measured off-ice in addition to on-ice assessments of agility, 10- and 30-m sprint performance, and endurance capacity (the maximal Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 Ice Hockey Test, Yo-Yo IR1-IHmax). Large differences in on-ice performances were demonstrated between Finnish and Danish elite players for agility, 10- and 30-m sprint performance (2–3%, P ≤ 0.05), and Yo-Yo IR1-IHmax performance (15%, P ≤ 0.05). By contrast, no differences (P > 0.05) were present between elite players for CMJ ability or body composition. However, elite players possessed more body and muscle mass than U20 players. Finally, the Finnish U20 cohort had a similar performance level as the Danish elite players and superior 10-m sprint performance, whereas the Danish U20 level was inferior to the other groups in every performance assessment (P ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, on-ice speed and endurance differ markedly between elite players of 2 different national standards with no distinction in body composition or CMJ ability. Moreover, the most consistent difference between U20 and senior elite players was related to body and muscle mass. These results highlight the usefulness of on-ice assessments and suggest the importance of on-ice high-intensity training in elite players in addition to training targeted the development of lean body mass in youth prospects.
The Essay
Authors: Chawla Devika
Published: October 2020

A found object might bring sorrow or delight, but a lost object presents a question mark. Its absence can feel like a cleave, a permanent one, in our memory. Absences inevitably lead us to quests. In this personal essay, which is linked with a larger writing project on family and material memory, I search for the contents of an “essay” written by me when I was ten years old, on the very day that India’s Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated. In searching for this lost object, I excavate and access childhood memories that were forgotten or, perhaps, lay dormant waiting to be awakened. The essay remains unfound (lost), but in looking for it, this essay that you are reading here, emerges, showing me why the object, the essay must remain lost, so that a forgotten moment of my childhood can live.
I Can’t Be Blind, I Can See
Authors: Humphrey Vernon F.
Published: October 2020

In Narrating the Closet, Adams described “coming out” as a seemingly never-ending ongoing process. I reflected on the number of times I had to explain how a blind guy could see, and I had a better understanding of coming out. Although I do not have the same negative social stigma, I often get weary repeating myself, trying to explain how a blind guy can see. Autoethnography can provide the reader with an opportunity to embrace the cultural standpoint of the writer,1 especially if they find a way to associate the experience with their own journey. I am attempting to “seek dimensions of experience that will engender connection and recognition in the midst of complexity.”2 I offer this article to provide a perspective of the phenomenon created when an adventitiously blind person (a person who had sight long enough to have visual references, usually after the age of five) tries to re-enter the sight-biased world.
Genome Sequence of the Banana Aphid,Pentalonia nigronervosaCoquerel (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Its Symbionts
Authors: Mathers Thomas C , Mugford Sam T , Hogenhout Saskia A , Tripathi Leena
Published: October 2020

The banana aphid, Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major pest of cultivated bananas (Musa spp., order Zingiberales), primarily due to its role as a vector of Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), the most severe viral disease of banana worldwide. Here, we generated a highly complete genome assembly of P. nigronervosa using a single PCR-free Illumina sequencing library. Using the same sequence data, we also generated complete genome assemblies of the P. nigronervosa symbiotic bacteria Buchnera aphidicola and Wolbachia. To improve our initial assembly of P. nigronervosa we developed a k-mer based deduplication pipeline to remove genomic scaffolds derived from the assembly of haplotigs (allelic variants assembled as separate scaffolds). To demonstrate the usefulness of this pipeline, we applied it to the recently generated assembly of the aphid Myzus cerasi, reducing the duplication of conserved BUSCO genes by 25%. Phylogenomic analysis of P. nigronervosa, our improved M. cerasi assembly, and seven previously published aphid genomes, spanning three aphid tribes and two subfamilies, reveals that P. nigronervosa falls within the tribe Macrosiphini, but is an outgroup to other Macrosiphini sequenced so far. As such, the genomic resources reported here will be useful for understanding both the evolution of Macrosphini and for the study of P. nigronervosa. Furthermore, our approach using low cost, high-quality, Illumina short-reads to generate complete genome assemblies of understudied aphid species will help to fill in genomic black spots in the diverse aphid tree of life.
The Use of Non-Surgical Injectable Procedures Among Transgender Communities
Authors: Kelly Patrick John
Published: October 2020

Each year, millions of Americans undergo non-surgical injectable procedures to rejuvenate, add volume, and shape the face. These minimally invasive procedures are routinely performed by licensed medical professionals including plastic surgeons and dermatologist using FDA approved substances. Because these procedures alter physical appearance, non-surgical injectable procedures may compliment gender-affirming procedures that some transgender (trans) individuals undergo to affirm their gender identity. However, severe marginalization and discrimination towards trans communities often leaves formalized medical settings inaccessible. Indeed, anecdotal reporting and medical literature indicate that there is a market for performing these procedures in unregulated medical settings using dangerous non-FDA approved materials outside of safe medical settings. The practice, referred to often as “pumping”, happens particularly within trans communities, largely because of social and political factors that make formalized medicine inaccessible. Even though pumping can be an affirming experience for trans individuals, an unfortunate number of those who undergo non-FDA approved non-surgical injectable procedures experience uncorrectable adverse outcomes including death. Despite indications that trans individuals may benefit from FDA approved non-surgical injectable procedures and the growing literature detailing irreversible outcomes of non-FDA approved non-surgical injectable procedures, the medical and scientific communities do not fully understand how trans individuals conceptualize and engage with non-surgical injectable procedures. A brief overview of factors that may contribute to this underground practice is presented in this narrative review and synthesized to inform suggestions for future socio-behavioral and epidemiological approaches that ultimately aim to expand access to safe and affirming healthcare settings for trans individuals.
Thermal conductivity and deformation of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’ during heat transfer process
Authors: Zhu Yuehua , Zhang Yaoli , Pan Biao
Published: October 2020

The thermal conductivity and the deformation of wood from the Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’ were studied in the process of heat transfer. The results showed that the average thermal conductivity of this wood was 0.1257 W/(m·K) under the condition of 12% wood moisture content and 30 °C heat transfer temperature. When the testing temperature exceeded 0 °C, the thermal conductivity increased linearly with both temperature and wood moisture content and was affected by the moisture content of the wood. During the heat transfer process, the deformation of features caused repeated swelling and shrinkage in the longitudinal, radial, and tangential directions. The dimensional change was greatly affected by the wood’s moisture content and was less affected by the temperature. These results are of great meaning for the study of the heat transfer process of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’ wood. Furthermore, it provides a scientific basis for the heat preservation effect, drying treatment, and pyrolysis treatment of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’ wood for use as a building material.
Anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extracts of Ove Costa Rican medicinalplants in Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Badilla Beatriz , Mora Gerardo , Poveda Luis Jorge
Published: October 2020

The anti-inflamrnatory properties of Loasa specic¡sa and Loasa triphylla (Loasaceae), Urtica leptuphylla and Urera baccifera (Urticaceae), and Chaptalia nutans (Astemceae) were studied using the carregeenan induced mt paw edema model. Aqueous extmcts of each plant were made according to the ethnoboranical use. The hippocratic assay was made with female mts; the dose used was 500 mglkg i.p. andthe control group received 0.5 mi of n.s.s .. A11 the lmimals treated showed hipothermia, and those treated with the extmcts of Chaptalia nutans, Urera baccifera and Urtica lept/lPhylla showed an increased colinergic activity. Acute toxicities of !he aqueous extmcts were studied in mice an tbe mean lethal doses ranged between 1.0226 and 1.2022 glkg. The extracts of Urera baccifera, Chaptalia nutans, Loasa speciosa and Loasa triphylla (500 mglkg i.p.) showed an antiinflarnmatory activity compamble with that of indomethacin. The extracts of U. baccifera and C. nutans, which showed the gI"tatest anti-inflamrtJatory activity, did not show it when used orally (500 mg/k:g p.o.).
Efectos de plantaciones abandonadas de especies exóticas y nativas sobre la regeneración natural de un bosque montano en Colombia
Authors: Cavelier Jaime , Santos Carolina
Published: October 2020

Se realizaron censos de vegetación durante 1994 en una parcela de 0.1 ha. en cada una de las plantaciones abandonadas de Pinus radiata, Cupressus lusitanica, Eucalyptus globulus, Alnus acuminata y en un bosque secundario montano alto en los Andes centrales de Colombia. También fueron recolectados datos de las propiedades físicas y químicas de suelos superficiales. El bosque de rege- ' neración natural tiene el mayor número de especies (33) seguido por las plantaciones de E. glob,¡¡lus (26) y A. acuminata (16). Las plantaciones abandonadas de P. radiata y C. lusitanica, tuvieron sólo tres especies. Entre el bosque de regeneración natural y la plantación de E. globulus hubo solamente once especies, en común y solamente siete con la plantación de A. acuminata. Todas estas especies, con excepción de tres, son arbustos del sotobosque dispersados por viento o aves. En el sotobosque de la plantación de P. radiata había una regeneración abundante de) árbol nacional de Colombia, Ceroxylum quindiuensis. La altura de los árboles y el área basal fueron significativamente mayores en las plantaciones de P. radiata y C. lusitanica que en el bosque de regeneración natural. De las variables ambientales y biológicas medidas en este estudio, la acumulación de adculas bajo las plantaciones de P. radiata y C. lusitanica y la alta biomasa de raíces finas bajo la plantación de C. lusitanica, podrían ser los principales factores limitantes para el establecimiento de un número mayor de especies del bosque nativo. Las propiedades químicas de los suelos varían ampliamente y no hubo diferencias coherentes entre los suelos bajo especies exóticas y nativas.
Desarrollo ontogénico de plántulas de Guazuma ulmifolia (Sterculiaceae)
Authors: Correia de Araújo Neto Joao , Bergemann de Aguiar Ivor
Published: October 2020

Se caracterizaran morfológicamente, frutos, semillas y plántulas, siendo realizados descripciones de la forma, tamaño y superficie de semillas, posición de micrópilo y forma y localización del embrión de Guazuma ulmifolia (un árbol heliófito, característico de los estádios iniciales de la sucesión). Para descripción morfológica de las plántulas, las semillas fueron inmersas en ácido sulfúrico por 50 min y colocadas para germinar en medio de cultura a temperatura de 300C. El fruto es del tipo elipsoide, leñoso, pentacarpelar, polispérmico, con media de 22.6 mm de longitud y 24.9 mm de diámetro. Las semillas presentan formato heterogéneo, con 3.07 mm de longitud por 2.36 mm de ancho. Son bitegumentadas, tégmica, con embrión axilar y continuo. La germinación es epígea y las plántulas presentan características fanerocotiledonares.
Estructura de la comunidad bentónica (infaunal) en el delta del Río Colorado, México
Authors: Villarreal Chávez Guillermo , Cannona Cedillo Carlos Melecio
Published: October 2020

The benthic cornrnunity structure of the Colorado River delta, Mexico, was studied by digging cores in six points a10ng a line perpendicular to the coastline. Three cornrnunities were found. The external community is influenced by human activities, but the cornrnunity indexes are similar to others reported in the Iiterature for equivalent areas. The middle cornrnunity has the highest density and biomass in the area, apparently because of bioturbation created by the crab Uca princeps. The internal community is poor in density and biomass, possibly because of the instabilitycaused by erosion related to the tide flux.
Dos nuevas especies de Stilestrongylus (Nematoda: HeligmoneUidae) parásitos de Peromyscus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) de México
Authors: Falcón Ordaz Jorge , Sanabria Espinoza María De Los Angeles
Published: October 2020

Se describen dos especies nuevas del género Stilestrongylus Freitas, Lent & Almeida, 1937, parásitas de Peromyscus spp. (Rodentia: Cricetidae) provenientes del Estado de Hidalgo, Mexico. Stílestrongylus peromyscí n. sp. infecta a Peromyscus difficílís y se caracteriza por la presencia de 30 espínas en el synlophe para ambos sexos, así como por el nacimiento simétrico de los rayos 8 a partir de la raíz del rayo nueve. S. hidalguensis n. sp. parásita a Peromyscus sp., diferenciándose del resto de las especies congenéricas porque el macho presenta 24 espinas en el synlophe a nivel de la parte media del cuerpo y porque el arreglo de los rayos bursales es diferente en ambos lóbulos (2-2-1 derecho y 2-3 izquierdo). Se presenta una clave para la identificación de 18 de las 19 especies del género.
Spatio-temporal distribution of the fish Synodontis schall (Teleostei: Mochokidae) in Asa lake,Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Araoye P A
Published: October 2020

Spatio,temporal distribution of Synodontis scha!l in Asa lake was studied for 24 months (March 1991 to February 1993). Distribution of individual was: 28.40 % (surface), 35.60 % (shore), and 36.0 % (bottom). Catches wilhin lhe habitat were nOl significantly differen!. Similarly catches within lhe habitats during the periods of wet (May lO October) and dry (November lO April) seasons were nOl significanlly differen!. There was seasonal occurrence of lhe fish al the bottom because the catches from lhis habitat in October (4.80 to 9.10%) and November (0.00 lO 8.70%), corresponding with the period of fiood and high water levels, were relatiyely low due lO feeding and reproductive phenomena. Although catch was inversely proportional to lhe water levels, this was not significant in this experimental gil! net catches. Synodontis schall was caught throughout lhe sam, pling period indicating its successful adaptation wílhin lhe environment due to low predatíon and its díverse feeding habits
Distribución y abundancia anual de Ceratium dens (Peridinalcs: Ceratiaceae) en el golfo de California, México
Authors: Cortés Altamirano Roberto , Nuñez Pasten Arturo
Published: October 2020

La distribución de Ceratium dens en el Golfo de California se baso en tres campañas oceanográficas, su abundancia mensual ( 1995-96) en la Bahía de Mazatlán, y en tres fenómenos de mareas rojas presentadas en esta misma área: Se analizaron 52 muestras de fitoplancton recolectadas con red bongo con luz de malla de 64 cm y 120 muestras de agua con botella van Dom en dos estaciones de recolecta y de tres eventos de marea roja en la Bahía de Mazatlán. Todas las muestras fueron contadas por el método del microscopio invertido. Los resultados indican que C. defls está presente en la región alta del Golfo de California y alrededor de Cabo, San Lucas. En el ciclo 1995-96 la variación en la Bahía mostró dos períodos de máxima abundancia en primavera y otoño. Las abundancias presentaron una gran variación, en mar abierto fueron de 1-14céls'l-l, en zonas costeras de 20-360 céls·l-l, y durante periodos de marea roja en 1985, 1989 Y 1997 sus abundancias extremas fueron 144 000-256 000 céls-I-l, 100 000-400 000 céls·l-l y 189 000-592 000 céls·l-l, respectivamente. Durante la marea roja, C. dens varía grandemente, a veces 'sustituida por Skeletonema costatum o Pseudonitzchia spp y Ceratiumfurca.. C. dens, aparenta tener una afinidad por los ambientes de alta productividad.
A new species of Trapania (Nudibranchia: Goniodorididae) from the Pacific coast of Central America
Authors: Camacho-García Yolanda , Ortea Jesús
Published: October 2020

A partir de dos ejemplares recolectados en la costa pacífica de Costa Rica y Panamá, se describe una nueva especie Trapania inbiotica sp. nov., la cual se distingue por tener el cuerpo blanco con manchas rojas y rin6foros blancos con algunas manchas amarillas pequefias. La rádula está compuesta por 28 filas de dientes donde cada diente tiene de 21-25 dentículos y una cúspide cónica y larga situada cerca del lado exterior. Dos o tres de esos dentículos localizados en la parte interna de la cúspide son más pequefios que los otros. También están presentes de 1-3 dentículos en la parte externa de la cúspide. La armadura labial está compuesta por uncinos muy irregulares.
Population dynamics and stock assessment for Octapus maya (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) fishery in the Campeche Bank, Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Arreguín-Sánchez Francisco , Solís -Ramírez Manuel J , González de la Rosa María E
Published: October 2020

Octapus maya es uno de los recursos pesqueros más importantes del Golfo de México, con rendimientos anuales promedio de 9 000 t, Y constituye el 80% de la captura total, seguido por O. vulgaris. En la pesquería participan dos flotas artesanales sobre O. maya, y una de mediana altura capturando ambas especies. Datos de frecuencia de longitudes de la captura para la temporada de pesca 1994 (Agosto l° a Diciembre 15) fueron usados para analizar la dinámica poblacional y el estado de explotación de O. maya. Los parámetros del modelo de von Bertalanffy fueron: LO = 252 mm longitud de manto, K = 1.4 años·l, C = 1.0 Y WP = 0.6, y tz = 0.842 años. Una estimación inicial de la mortalidad natural fue M = 2.2, la mortalidad total Z = 8.77, y tasa de explotación F/Z = 0.75, lo cual sugiere una intensa explotación. El análisis de rendimiento por recluta indica que podría aumentarse la talla mínima legal para incrementar los rendimientos. El VPA indica un recurso explotado al límite de su capacidad biológica. Debido a que las hembras mueren después de la reproducción, una nueva estimación de mortalidad natural, M = 3.3, y tasa de explotación, F/Z = 0.57 fueron obtenidas, coincidiendo con los resultados del VPA basado en longitudes y el método de Thompson y Bell
Distribución espacial de capturas de tiburón en el pacífico nicaragüense y su relación con algunas variables oceanográficas
Authors: Brenes C L , Hemández A , Campos J
Published: October 2020

Entre agosto de 1995 y agosto de 1997. se llevaron a cabo 26 campañas de pesca en el Pacífico de Nicaragua. Utilizando el palangre como arte de pesca y un batitermógrafo, fue posible relacionar algunas variables físicas con la distribución espacial y vertical de las diferentes especies de tiburón capturadas: thresher (Alopias vulpinus), azul (Prionace glauca), gris (Carcharhinusfalciformis) y martillo (Sphyma lewini). La distribución espacial de todas las especies mostró una significativa aglomeración en el extremo sureste del Pacifico nicaragüense, justo en el área de influencia del afloramiento estacional del Golfo de Papagayo. El ámbito máximo de temperaturas superficiales en las que se efectuaron las capturas se ubicó entre los 25°C y los 28°C. Se logró determinar una clara dependencia entre este parámetro físico y la presencia del recurso. La distribución vertical de las capturas evidenció que estas especies se localizan principalmente en los niveles termoclinos, sobre la isoterma de 15°C. En cuanto a la dependencia de las capturas con la profundidad local, el tiburón azul se capturó en áreas fundamentalmente oceánicas, sobre la isóbata de 1800 m, mientras que el tiburón gris y thresher a pesar de ser también oceánicos, mostraron una tendencia a acercarse a la plataforma continental. Finalmente, en cuanto a las tallas, los registros mostraron que los especímenes con mayor talla pertenecieron al tiburón thresher, con longitudes entre los 200 y los 300 cm. Le siguió en orden descendente el tiburón gris y el tiburón azul.
Los peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México: Lista sistemática y aspectos de abundancia y biogeografía
Authors: Villarreal-Cavazos Antonio , Reyes-Bonilla Héctor , Bermúdez-Almada Benito , Arizpe Covarrubias Oscar
Published: October 2020

The Cabo Pulmo reef is the most important coral formation of the Gulf of California; however, its ichthyological fauna has been poorly studied. To produce a systematic list with data on relative abundance and frequency, and biogeographical affinities, we relied on visual census, field observatíons, analysis of commercial and sport fisheries (from 1986 to 1998), and the literature. A total of 236 species have been recorded at Cabo Pulmo (155 genera and 60 families). This number doubles previous compilations and represents 65.1 % of aH reef fishes known from the Gulf of California, and about 35% of its entire shallow-water fishes. Of the total species number, 68.3% are from the Panamic Province, 11.0% Indo Pacific colonizers and the same percentage gulf endemics, 7.6% are circumtropical, 1.7% Atlantic and 0.5% cosmopolitan; none are endemic to the reef. The most abundant taxa are the Jabrids Thalassoma lucasanum, T grammaticum and the pomacentrid Chromis atrilobata. Only eleven species (4.7% of total) appeared in 75% to 100% of census, and 36 (15.3% oí" total) had high levels of both abundance and frequency, evidencing that the communíty is dominated by few taxa. Local species richness exceeds the number reported for most rocky or coral reefs of the Pacific coast of México. and indicates that Cabo Pulmo is a key area in the gulf and the entire Mexican Pacific, from the ichthyolC1gical point of view.
Hábitos alimentarios de las mojarras (Perciformes: Cichlidae) de la laguna Caobas', Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Valtierra-Vega María Teresa , Schmitter-Soto Juan Jacobo
Published: October 2020

Se estudió la alimentación de siete especies de cíclidos (Archocentrus octofasciatus, A. spilurus, "Cichlasoma" robertsoni, "C." synspilum, "C" urophihalmus, Petenia splendida, Thorichthys meeki) en la laguna Caobas, sur deJa península de Yucatán. Los muestreos se llevaron a cabo durante las estaciones seca y lluviosa de 1995. Los ejemplares medían menos de 41 mm LP. Se evalÍló la frecuencia de aparición y la abundancia de las· presas. Los ítemes alimentarios predominantes fueron los quironómidos, ácaros, copépodos, c1adóceros y ostrácodos .. La mayoría de las mojarras se mostraron zooplanctófagas, con la excepción parcial de P. splendida (piscívora), "c." synspilum y A. spilurus (herbívoras). A. octofasciatus tuvo el más amplio espectro alimentario y se consideró omnívoro. Tlwrichthys meeki mostró cambios cuantitativos en la dieta por hora del día, talla del pez y estación del año, no así por sexo
New Species of Lentaria (Fungi: Aphyllophorales): redescription and mating systems of L. surculus and L. byssiseda
Authors: Petersen Ronald H.
Published: October 2020

Se proponen los siguientes nombres para las especies de Lentaria nuevas para la ciencia: L. boletosporioides de Nueva Zelandia, L. i del Caribe y regiones vecinas, L. glaucosiccescens de Nueva Zelandia, y L rlonegrensis de Argentina. Se propone a Lentarla javanica nomo nov. , como nombre substituto para Clavarla compressa, un homónimo tardío de su nomenclatura. Se discute el agrupamiento infraespecífico dentro de L. surculus basado en estadísticas de las mediciones de las esporas. Se describen los sistemas reproductivos para L. surculus y L. byssiseda, y se encontró que éstas dos especies son sexualmente interincompatibles.
Anatomía y usos de la madera de siete árboles tropicales de México
Authors: Rebollar Silvia , Quintanar Alejandra
Published: October 2020

Se describe la anatomía de la madera de Coceoloba eozumelensis, Coceo loba spieata, Gymnanthes lucida, Blomia eupanioides, Canella winterana, Aspidosperma megaloearpon y Ehretia tinifolia. La madera provino de árboles recolectados en la selva mediana subperennifolia en tres municipios del estado de Quintana Roo, México. Las especies son importantes porque tradicionalmente los campesinos de las diferentes localidades les han dado usos diversos a la madera en manufactura de muebles, herramientas, en construcción de casas habitación, en postes, cercas, tablones, durmientes y leña. Se hizo la descripción de la anatomía lIÚcroscópica en preparaciones fijas de los tres cortes típicos de la madera y en material disociado; la macroscópica en tablillas de xiloteca. Las especies presentan porosidad difusa, puntuaciones areoladas alternas y placas simples, rayos numerosos, pequeños y finos; las fibras libriformes, la mayoría cortas y de diámetro fino; el material ergástico presente en forma de gomas, cristales de carbonato de calcio y sílice. La estructura anatólIÚca de la madera les confieren cualidades estéticas, de peso, dureza, resistencia mecánica y al deterioro que responden a los usos tradicionales que en forma empírica les han dado los campesinos mayas y las hacen versátiles para destinarlas a diversos usos.
Abortos de semillas de Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Mimosoideae): efecto de la posición relativa dentro del fruto
Authors: Villalobos Federico , Bianchi Guillenno
Published: October 2020

We examined if seed abortion in Guanacaste tree fruits (Enteralobium cyclocarpum) is related to po sition within fruits, by establishing (he abortion ratio in 150 fruits from 10 trees, collected in Santa Rosa National Park (Guanacaste, Costa Rica). Fruits were divided in basal, central and distal sections. We found marginal differences in abortion ratio between these sections (Anova, p= 0.058), and also among trees (p= 0.01). In general, the distal section had the greatest abortion ratio in relation to other sections. This abortion pattem could be caused by resource competition within siblings and not by genetic differences among them.
Taxonomía de algunos microtéidos (Squamata) de Venezuela, I: Variación y distribución geográfica de Euspondylus acutirostris y descripción de un nuevo Euspondylus del nordeste de Venezuela
Authors: Mijares-Urrutia Abraham , Celsa Señaris J , Arends Alexis
Published: October 2020

Only two species of the microteiid lizard genus Euspondylus (E. acutirostris and E. phelpsorum) had been reported from Venezuela. New records of the poorly known gymnophthalmid lizard Euspondylus acutirostris are reported extending its known range along the Coastal Range and Sierra de Aroa (north-central Venezuela) and Sierra de San Luis (northwestern Venezuela), aH record s occurring at the cloud forest aboye 1000 m. Seven body measurements were included and morphological variation is described based on at least 17 new specimens. Sexual dimorphism is determined in, at least, eight characteristics of size and squamation. Specimens were found in epiphytic bromeliads and the ground. The populations from Sierra de Aroa and Sierra de San Luis (only one specimen known from each locality), differ from those of the Coastal Range (supposedly the nominal population) in sorne morphological and coloration features, suggesting that th\;! former two could represent different taxonomical entities. A new species of Euspondylus is described based on a female (taken within a bromeliad) from Cerro El Humo, Sucre, northeastern Venezuela. It differs from congeners mainly by having keeled scales on the limbs and a very acute snout.
Marine Fishes of Caño Island Biological Reserve: Reef fish community structure and updated list for the coastal fish.
Authors: Salas Eva , Sánchez-Godínez Cristina , Montero-Cordero Andrea
Published: October 2020

Biogeographically, the Caño Island Biological Reserve (CIBR) is of strategic importance, since it is located in the center of the Panamic Province (Costa Rica and Panama), characterized by a peak in fish species richness within the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP). Despite its importance, fish community structure around the island has not been deeply studied, and coastal fish diversity records need to be updated. The aims of the study were: 1) to describe the community structure of the reef fish community of CIBR and 2) to update the list of the coastal fish species recorded until today. For the first objective, 50 stationary fish counts were conducted at 10 locations around Caño Island, in which 79 species, belonging to 32 families, were registered. The most abundant family was Pomacentridae, and the most abundant species was Chromis atrilobata. Planktivorous and carnivorous fish were the most abundant. The existence of a relationship between coral cover and the presence of herbivorous grazers was highlighted within the analysis. Additionally, species composition was compared by site and this revealed that “El Barco” has an abundant presence of snappers. For the second objective, published fish species records were collected for the CIBR and 35 new records were added, for a total of 212 coastal fish species, which represents approximately 17% of coastal fish diversity in the TEP. This work presents a baseline for fish monitoring and mangement measures in this marine protected area.
Anidación y conservación de la tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea) en playa Drake, península de Osa, Costa Rica (2006 a 2012)
Authors: James Robert , Melero David
Published: October 2020

Desde 2006 a 2012, la anidación de la tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea) fue monitoreada en bahía Drake, un enclave reconocido internacionalmente por su excelente oferta eco-turística que se localiza en la región noroeste de la península de Osa. Sorprendentemente, esta área dispone de playas de anidación solitaria de tortuga lora que han permanecido casi desadvertidas hasta fechas recientes. Durante este periodo de monitoreo, 958 nidos fueron registrados en playa Drake (promedio anual: 136.9; densidad: 3.80 nidos/100m de playa), de los cuales 363 (37.9%) fueron reubicados a un vivero. Antes de 2006, la pérdida anual de nidos fue superior al 85% debido al saqueo en playa; desde 2006, el porcentaje del saqueo de nidos se mantuvo en un promedio del 10.1%. Además, un total de 335 hembras fueron identificadas con placas metálicas; el promedio de la longitud curva del caparazón fue de 66.1cm; el promedio del ancho curvo del caparazón fue de 70.2cm, y el tamaño promedio por nidada fue de 96.3 huevos. El promedio del éxito de eclosión para los nidos reubicados en vivero fue de 79.2%, y más de 61 000 neonatos fueron liberados al mar durante este periodo. Este proyecto es un ejemplo de una iniciativa exitosa de conservación, eco-turismo y desarrollo comunitario.
Hidrografía y plumas estuarinas en Golfo Dulce, Pacífico Sur de Costa Rica
Authors: Rincón-Alejos Fernando , Ballestero-Sakson Daniel
Published: October 2020

Variables oceanográficas en 33 estaciones en el Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica, entre 2009 y 2010 fueron analizadas a través de perfiles con CTD, donde la salinidad, la temperatura, sigma-T y las corrientes se estudiaron en la columna de agua. Disco Secchi y clorofila-a, fueron medidos a nivel superficial.. El objetivo fue estimar el área de dispersión de las plumas estuarinas a través del seguimiento de las variables físicas temperatura, salinidad y sigma-T. En agosto 2009, entre los ríos Coto Colorado y Esquinas disminuyeron la salinidad (<30) en un área de 250km2 aproximadamente, un 37% de la superficie total, creándose frentes termohalinos a lo largo de casi todo el golfo. Se documentó el efecto de El Niño Oscilación del Sur en enero 2010 durante su fase de acentuada intensidad. Las concentraciones de clorofila-a se correlacionaron en un 33.7% (P=0.05) con la transparencia del agua según el disco Secchi en la estación lluviosa. Se caracterizó el agua superficial del Golfo Dulce por tener salinidad <31.5 temperatura >27ºC y ocupar los cinco primeros metros de la columna de agua.
Tiburones y rayas capturados por pesquerías artesanales con línea de fondo en el Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica
Authors: López-Garro Andrés , Zanella Ilena
Published: October 2020

De mayo 2010 a mayo 2011 se recolectó información referente a 67 faenas pesqueras artesanal con línea de fondo (44.8% observaciones abordo y 55.2% observaciones de descargas en centros de acopio) realizadas en Golfo Dulce, Pacífico Sur de Costa Rica. Durante las 67 faenas de pesca se analizaron en total 609 tiburones pertenecientes a diez especies. De estas, sobresalen S. lewini (más de 51.8% del total de tiburones analizados), M. lunulatus (23.5%), R. longurio, (13.8%) y C. limbatus (8.9%). Otras especies G. cirratum, G. cuvier, N.velox, S. tiburo y H. mexicanus fueron muy esporádicas ya que aportaron cerca del 2.0% del total. La condición de captura, el bajo valor comercial y la disponibilidad de los pescadores, permitió liberar con vida y sin anzuelos un total de 65 tiburones y 111 rayas, de las cuales 75.7% fueron rayas látigo (D. longa), 12.6% rayas gavilana (A. narinari), 5.4% rayas nariz de vaca (R. steindachneri), 5.4% rayas guitarra (R. leucorhynchus), 2.7% rayas de puntos (U. chilenis), 0.9% rayas mariposa (G. marmorata) y 0.9% mobula (Mobula sp.). Los análisis de CPUE en Golfo Dulce revelaron las mayores CPUE de tiburones en julio-agosto, mientras las mayores capturas de rayas se presentaron en enero-febrero.
Abundancia, reproducción y tallas del tiburón martillo Sphyrna lewini (Carcharhiniformes: Sphyrnidae) en la pesca artesanal de Golfo Dulce, Pacífico de Costa Rica
Authors: Zanella Ilena , López-Garro Andrés
Published: October 2020

En Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica, se han reportado capturas incidentales de S. lewini por pescadores artesanales. Debido a esto, este estudio tiene como objetivo caracterizar las capturas del tiburón martillo en Golfo Dulce, y recomendar pautas de manejo. Entre mayo 2010 y mayo 2011 se recopiló información biológica-pesquera de tiburones capturados durante faenas artesanales en Golfo Dulce. Se estimó la captura por unidad de esfuerzo a lo largo del año. Se analizaron un total de 315 tiburones, todos juveniles, con una longitud total media de 74.3±17.4cm. Las longitudes totales y la abundancia relativa tuvieron tendencias opuestas: en julio-agosto cuando las longitudes totales medias fueron menores, las capturas por unidad de esfuerzo fueron mayores. Debido a esto, se recomienda implementar vedas temporales durante el periodo de nacimiento de las crías de tiburón martillo (junio-agosto) en sitios donde se reportaron las mayores capturas.
Distribución potencial de dos subespecies de Montanoa tomentosa (Asteracerae) en México
Authors: Silva Néstor Hernández , Hernández-Ruíz Jesus , Elizondo M.Socorro Gonzalez , Brito Rodolfo Figueroa , Ruano Nemesio Villa
Published: October 2020

Introducción: Montanoa tomentosa es un recurso fitogenético con propiedades medicinales utilizada en México. A pesar de su relevancia para la botánica, la información específica sobre la distribución de sus taxa infraespecíficos y los factores ambientales que influyen en su desarrollo aún es limitada. Objetivo: Informar sobre la distribución geográfica potencial y las variables ambientales asociadas a los nichos ecológicos de dos subespecies de M. tomentosa (M. tomentosa subsp. tomentosa y M. tomentosa subsp. xanthiifolia), dentro del territorio mexicano. Métodos: Se elaboró una base de datos con registros de herbario. Posteriormente, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática in situ de plantas de ambas subespecies entre octubre 2015 y marzo 2016 durante la época de floración-fructificación. Se realizaron recorridos exploratorios en los estados de Guanajuato, Querétaro, Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, Estado de México, Puebla, Oaxaca y Chiapas. Un total de 181 plantas fueron ubicadas y georreferenciadas. La base de datos se complementó con los nuevos registros (un total de 314). Se generaron tres modelos de idoneidad del hábitat (complejo de M. tomentosa, M. tomentosa subsp. tomentosa y M. tomentosa subsp. xanthiifolia) con el software MaxEnt, el cual estima la probabilidad de distribución de especies a partir de datos georreferenciados y características ambientales como predictores, mediante el logaritmo de máxima entropía y el método bayesiano. Resultados: De 22 variables ambientales utilizadas como predictores, cinco (estacionalidad de la temperatura, isotermalidad, temperatura máxima del mes más cálido, precipitación del trimestre más cálido y precipitación del trimestre más lluvioso) contribuyeron con 70.2 % de la estimación total. El modelo arrojó una distribución potencial de 77 688 km2 aproximadamente, 4 % del territorio de la república mexicana. Ambas subespecies crecen a una altitud entre 500 y 2 500 m. Las heliófilas se asocian a vegetación xerófila y a veces se localizan en la periferia de bosques o enclavadas en claros de bosques templados y subhúmedos, pero no habitan en las regiones áridas y semiáridas del norte del país. Conclusiones: La estacionalidad de la temperatura, isotermalidad y temperatura máxima del mes más cálido determinan la distribución de la especie. La precipitación en el trimestre más cálido y la precipitación en el trimestre más lluvioso definen el hábitat entre M. tomentosa subsp. tomentosa y M. tomentosa subsp. xanthiifolia. Estos hallazgos aclaran las preferencias ecológicas y la delimitación de los taxa infraespecíficos de M. tomentosa.
DNA barcoding for molecular identification of Gynerium sagittatum (Poales: Poaceae): genetic diversity in savannah genotypes from Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Rivera-Jiménez Hernando , Rossini Bruno , Humanez Alvarez Alicia Del Carmen , Silva Saura , Yepes Escobar Juan , Marino Celso
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT. Introduction: The fiber of the Gynerium sagittatum Aubl. P. Beauv is raw material for the elaboration of several handcrafts, which are symbols of Colombian cultural identity. In the manufacture process, different genotypes are used according to the fiber quality and the type of craftsmanship, but it is believed that Gynerium is a complex species, and to date, there is no agreement on whether these genotypes belong to the same species or to different species. Objective: The aim of this study was to quickly and accurately identify wild cane plants using the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1+ITS2), three chloroplast regions (matK, rbcL, ycf1), and their combinations. Methods: Different tests were used for discrimination: (1) inter and intraspecific distances, (2) Best Match (BM), Best Close Match (BCM), and tree-based method (3) Neighbor Joining (NJ) and (4) maximum likelihood and bayesian inference in molecular data. Results: The results showed that BM and BCM approaches revealed the low rate of correct species identification for ITS+matK (33.3 %) and ITS (28.6 %) loci, showing similarity among sequences. These results were further supported by tree-based analyses, where all individual regions and the different gene combinations had a zero discrimination rate. Conclusions: all genotypes belong to the same species of wild cane, therefore existing morphological differences can be related to phenotypic plasticity.
Effect of Plumeria rubra (Apocynaceae) leaf extracts, a repellent of rice-field rats (Rattus argentiventer), on its metabolism and daily activity
Authors: Bari Ichsan Nurul , Herawati Nur Aini , Suherman Bunga Medina , Subakti Putri Syifa Nabilah
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Rice-field rats are one of the most important pests because it can give large losses in all planting seasons including the storehouse. Synthetic rodenticide is the most commonly used of chemical technique for controlling rice-field rats. The application of these materials indirectly causes negative impacts; one of them is for the environment. As an alternative for controlling rice-field rats, natural materials can be used as a repellent. Objective: to examine the effects of methanol extract of Plumeria rubra leaves on metabolism, daily activity patterns, and its potency as a repellent of the rice-field rat. Methods: The experiments were conducted at the Laboratory of Pests, Universitas Padjadjaran involves choice test (T-maze arena), and the Laboratory of Rats, Indonesian Institute for Rice Research involves no-choice test (metabolic cage) from February until May 2019. The observations including food (g), water consumption (ml), feces production (g), urine production (ml), body weight (g), and its changes (%), also the daily activities (time spent for locomotion, foraging, and resting).The treatment was done with three replications for twelve mature male and twelve mature non-pregnant females. Data experiments analysis followed by a T-test. Results: Rice-field rats on the T-Maze arena avoided consuming food and beverage that close to methanol extract of Plumeria rubra leaves treatment. The treatment of methanol extract of Plumeria leaves in metabolic cage caused metabolic disorder of rice-field rat, which was significantly indicated by the decrease of the average consumption of food by 2.28 g and excretion of feces by 0.34 g, and also the increase of average consumption of beverage by 3.89 ml, excretion of urine by 3.15 ml, and body weight by 6.67 g. The treatment also caused daily activity patterns disorder of rice-field rats, which was significantly indicated by the increase of the average percentage of time for movement activities (locomotion) by 7.64 % and the decrease of time for eating and drinking activities (foraging) by 16.46 %. Conclusion: Methanol extract of Plumeria leaves affects a repellent for the rice-field rat.
Can fallen trees enhance aboveground biomass estimation? A proposal for the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: FONSÊCA NATHAN CASTRO , Meunier Isabelle Maria Jacqueline , Lins-e-Silva Ana Carolina Borges
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Estimating aboveground biomass (AGB) in protected forests is a challenge, due to high costs and legal restrictions for direct assessments, and also to frequently weak estimation provided by general AGB equations. Objective: We propose a new approach that uses dead fallen trees (DFTs) to improve AGB estimation. We aim to analyse if the adjustment of allometric models based on DFTs provides a suitable local equation for AGB estimation or helps to validate existing pantropical or regional allometric equations. Methods: The study was carried out at the Dois Irmãos State Park (PEDI), Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. Along 4 000 m, using the line intersect technique, we sampled 37 recent dead fallen trees ranging from 7.6 to 92.3 cm in diameter and from 8.6 to 29.4 m in height. Nine models were adjusted, and the best equation (local) was compared to regional and pantropical equations. Results: One equation (AGBkg= 1.5292* DBH2.0601*TH-0.2187) produced biomass estimates which did not differ from the observed values (P > 0.05). Differently from the others, this equation overestimated AGB in only 2.8 % and, along with other parameters of analysis (R2adj and Syx %) had the best overall performance. Analysing the performance of the local equation versus available equations for estimating AGB, we found that only the local and the pantropical equations by Pearson et al. (2005) estimated values that were not significantly different from observed values. However, the local equation is more appropriate for local estimation of AGB, since it has the lowest RSME and CV. Conclusions: Based on the proposed approach, we were able to offer a local equation for tree AGB estimation based on fallen trees. The DFT method is efficient regarding time and costs, avoiding tree logging in protected forests and helps to guide the choice of a proper equation for forest AGB demands.