bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Task Allocation in Intelligent Warehouses with Hybrid Workforce of Automated Guided Vehicles and Human Pickers
Authors: Dehghan Arash , Cevik Mucahit , Bodur Merve
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the integration of Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) in warehouse order picking, a crucial and cost-intensive aspect of warehouse operations. The booming AGV industry, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, is witnessing widespread adoption due to its efficiency, reliability, and cost-effectiveness in automating warehouse tasks. Through the strategic use of AGVs, this paper focuses on enhancing the picker-to-parts system, which involves workers travelling to item locations, collecting them, and moving to the next location. We propose a novel MDP model for coordinating a hybrid team of human and AGV workers, aiming to maximize order throughput and operational efficiency, and employ a Neural Approximate Dynamic Programming (NeurADP) approach as the solution method. Specifically, our solution framework involves innovative solutions for non-myopic decision making, order batching, and battery management. The numerical results demonstrate that the NeurADP policy outperforms all benchmark policies, including both myopic and non-myopic ones, with a 3.32% 5.44% improvement in order fulfillment over the alternatives. Comprehensive empirical analysis offers valuable insights for managing a heterogeneous workforce in a hybrid warehouse setting, highlighting the contributions of our work to the field of warehouse automation and logistics.
Effects of Dietary Phosphatidylcholine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Fatty Acid Composition, and Lipid Metabolism of Juvenile Eriocheir sinensis‐Fed Different Oil Sources
Authors: Lin Zhideng , Wang Xiaodan , Bu Xianyong , Huang Qincheng , Wang Han , Li Erchao , Qin Jianguang , Chen Liqiao
Published: February 2025

The present study investigates the effects of dietary phosphatidylcholine (PC) deficiency and its addition on growth and physiological and biochemical indicators of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis under different oil sources. There were no significant differences in the growth and feed utilization between the vegetable oils and fish oil (FO) groups under PC‐devoid conditions. In contrast, the FO and perilla oil (PO) groups showed better growth‐promoting effects and higher feed utilization than the safflower oil (SO) and olive oil (OO) groups under 3% PC‐added condition. Both dietary PC and oil sources (FO or PO) could inhibit lipid accumulation of the whole crab, and dietary PC also observably facilitated whole‐body protein deposition. In addition, dietary FO and PO increased the burden of the antioxidant system and the risk of lipid peroxidation in juvenile E. sinensis. Meanwhile, diets supplemented with PC effectively alleviated oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation caused by dietary FO and PO. The composition of fatty acids in muscle and hepatopancreas was positively associated with that in diets. Compared with SO and OO, FO and PO significantly reduced the lipid deposition in the hepatopancreas at 3% PC supplementation, possibly because FO and PO formed new physiological‐active PC contained n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with dietary PC through activating PC remodeling reaction, and promoting fatty acid utilization, and finally inhibiting the lipid accumulation in the hepatopancreas. This study indicates that FO and PO are better lipid sources (LSs) for E. sinensis, providing alternative oil sources in the crab diet in combination with PC supplementation.
Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity Study of a Herbal Formulation Containing Asparagus racemosus, Tinospora cordifolia, and Trigonella foenum-graceum in Mice
Authors: Maru Saurabh , Belemkar Sateesh
Published: February 2025

Background: The synergistic activity of compounds in herbal drugs has been well established by multiple scientific studies. The compounds present in plants may have increased toxicity and increased efficacy. Owing to the notion that traditional medicines do not have any adverse effects, these are used heftily.

Aim: The present study was designed to assess the toxicity of an herbal drug consisting of Asparagus racemosus roots, Tinospora cordifolia stems, and Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds extract blend (ATTEB), which is widely employed as an antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulator, adaptogen, female tonic, galactagogue, etc.

Methodology: The current study evaluated its safety by acute (OECD 423) and subacute (OECD 407) repeated‐dose toxicity studies. A phytochemical investigation was carried out and revealed the presence of principal bioactive constituents. A genotoxicity study was performed by micronucleus assay. Gross necroscopy of the animals was performed, and behavioral, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological studies were performed.

Results: In the acute toxicity study, there was no mortality and no significant changes in behavior, organ structure, or organ weight, as observed by gross necroscopy of the animals, at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg BW. In a 28‐day repeated‐dose toxicity study, up to a daily dose of 1000 mg/kg BW, there was no evidence of toxicity. No significant genotoxicity was observed in the mice.

Conclusion: The LD50 found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg BW with NOAEL at 1000 mg/kg BW in mice. It was found to be free from any genotoxicity. The herbal drug was found to be safe to level of category 4 and can be used further for clinical studies.
Snježana Gregurović, Sanja Klempić Bogadi (ur.), Neminovnost ili izbor? Povijesni i suvremeni aspekti migracija u Hrvatskoj
Authors:   Fakultet hrvatskih studija, Zagreb, Matić Renato
Published: February 2025

Book review
Supplementary Table 7 from Cytokine-Regulated Phosphorylation and Activation of TET2 by JAK2 in Hematopoiesis
Authors: Jeong Jong Jin , Gu Xiaorong , Nie Ji , Sundaravel Sriram , Liu Hui , Kuo Wen-Liang , Bhagat Tushar D. , Pradhan Kith , Cao John , Nischal Sangeeta , McGraw Kathy L. , Bhattacharyya Sanchari , Bishop Michael R. , Artz Andrew , Thirman Michael J. , Moliterno Alison , Ji Peng , Levine Ross L. , Godley Lucy A. , Steidl Ulrich , Bieker James J. , List Alan F. , Saunthararajah Yogen , He Chuan , Verma Amit , Wickrema Amittha
Published: February 2025

Supp Table S7 : Functional pathways differentially expressed and hydroxymethylated in Jak2V617F murine samples
Supplementary Table 2 from Cytokine-Regulated Phosphorylation and Activation of TET2 by JAK2 in Hematopoiesis
Authors: Jeong Jong Jin , Gu Xiaorong , Nie Ji , Sundaravel Sriram , Liu Hui , Kuo Wen-Liang , Bhagat Tushar D. , Pradhan Kith , Cao John , Nischal Sangeeta , McGraw Kathy L. , Bhattacharyya Sanchari , Bishop Michael R. , Artz Andrew , Thirman Michael J. , Moliterno Alison , Ji Peng , Levine Ross L. , Godley Lucy A. , Steidl Ulrich , Bieker James J. , List Alan F. , Saunthararajah Yogen , He Chuan , Verma Amit , Wickrema Amittha
Published: February 2025

Supp Table 2: Patient Characteristics of IMF patients
Data from Cytokine-Regulated Phosphorylation and Activation of TET2 by JAK2 in Hematopoiesis
Authors: Jeong Jong Jin , Gu Xiaorong , Nie Ji , Sundaravel Sriram , Liu Hui , Kuo Wen-Liang , Bhagat Tushar D. , Pradhan Kith , Cao John , Nischal Sangeeta , McGraw Kathy L. , Bhattacharyya Sanchari , Bishop Michael R. , Artz Andrew , Thirman Michael J. , Moliterno Alison , Ji Peng , Levine Ross L. , Godley Lucy A. , Steidl Ulrich , Bieker James J. , List Alan F. , Saunthararajah Yogen , He Chuan , Verma Amit , Wickrema Amittha
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Even though the Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes catalyze the generation of 5-hydroxymethylcytosines required for lineage commitment and subsequent differentiation of stem cells into erythroid cells, the mechanisms that link extracellular signals to TET activation and DNA hydroxymethylation are unknown. We demonstrate that hematopoietic cytokines phosphorylate TET2, leading to its activation in erythroid progenitors. Specifically, cytokine receptor–associated JAK2 phosphorylates TET2 at tyrosines 1939 and 1964. Phosphorylated TET2 interacts with the erythroid transcription factor KLF1, and this interaction with TET2 is increased upon exposure to erythropoietin. The activating JAK2V617F mutation seen in myeloproliferative disease patient samples and in mouse models is associated with increased TET activity and cytosine hydroxymethylation as well as genome-wide loss of cytosine methylation. These epigenetic and functional changes are also associated with increased expression of several oncogenic transcripts. Thus, we demonstrate that JAK2-mediated TET2 phosphorylation provides a mechanistic link between extracellular signals and epigenetic changes during hematopoiesis.
Significance:
Identification of TET2 phosphorylation and activation by cytokine-stimulated JAK2 links extracellular signals to chromatin remodeling during hematopoietic differentiation. This provides potential avenues to regulate TET2 function in the context of myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes associated with the JAK2V617F-activating mutation.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 681
Figure S5 from A Melanoma Brain Metastasis CTC Signature and CTC:B-cell Clusters Associate with Secondary Liver Metastasis: A Melanoma Brain–Liver Metastasis Axis
Authors: Bowley Tetiana Y. , Ortiz Mireya C. , Lagutina Irina V. , Steinkamp Mara P. , Fahy Bridget N. , Tawfik Bernard , Harari-Turquie Moises , Marchetti Dario
Published: February 2025

IVIS determination to metastasis to distant organs
Figure 5 from A Melanoma Brain Metastasis CTC Signature and CTC:B-cell Clusters Associate with Secondary Liver Metastasis: A Melanoma Brain–Liver Metastasis Axis
Authors: Bowley Tetiana Y. , Ortiz Mireya C. , Lagutina Irina V. , Steinkamp Mara P. , Fahy Bridget N. , Tawfik Bernard , Harari-Turquie Moises , Marchetti Dario
Published: February 2025

RNA-seq analyses of blood and brain from second-generation huNBSGW and NBSGW mice. A and B, CTCs from blood of second-generation huNBSGW CDXs (N = 3) were harvested via Parsortix, followed by RNA-seq interrogation. Distinct unsupervised hierarchical clustering of gene expression between huNBSGW CTCs and uninjected CTC-derived clonal cells (A) or blood-derived CTCs from immunodeficient NSG mice (B). C, RNA-seq analyses of cells isolated from MBM cells of second-generation huNBSGW/NBSGW CDXs with heat-maps showing differential clustering of MBM-derived cells in the presence or absence of human immune cells. Bottom, Top molecular pathways resulting from comparisons in huNBSGW vs. NBSGW CDXs (Reactome pathway database). All RNA-seq analyses showed the presence of B cell–related pathways in huNBSGW CDXs (highlighted in yellow). See “Materials and Methods” for experimental details. MBM, melanoma brain metastasis.
Backstepping multiphase induction machine control impact in presence of open phases fault
Authors: Berrahal Chaker , El Fadili Abderrahim
Published: February 2025

As power requirements increase, multiphase induction machines (MPIMs) present a promising alternative to conventional three-phase induction machines. These machines help reduce the current switched by the inverter and circulating through the windings, which in turn mitigates torque ripple. Moreover, incorporating more than three phases enhances system reliability, allowing the machine to maintain operation even in the event of one or more phase failures. This makes MPIMs particularly suitable for high-reliability applications, such as electric vehicles. While most previous studies have concentrated on speed and flux control of MPIMs, less attention has been given to handling open-phase faults. This paper explores the robustness of the backstepping control method applied to MPIMs, particularly in scenarios involving open-phase faults. The proposed multi-loop nonlinear controller is developed to achieve two main objectives: precise speed regulation across a wide range of speed references, and effective rotor flux control. The convergence of the feedback control system is rigorously analyzed using Lyapunov’s stability theory. Simulation results show that, although the control objectives are met, stator current demands increase as more phases experience faults. This observation highlights the need for further development of MPIM models that take phase faults into consideration.
Optimal solutions for a 33 KV loop supplied by infinite source
Authors: Mahmoud Ethmane Isselem Arbih , Abbou Ahmed , Mahmoud Abdel Kader , Ketab Mohamed Moustapha
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an analysis and explores the potential an infinite generation system to accommodate the domestic load growth of the 33 KV loop network from 2025 to 2040. The study involves assessing the current state of the network, focusing on voltage levels, loading lines, and transformers, to ensure they operate within the permissible loading limits of the system. It is assumed that the loop is supplied by an infinite source. A numerical model using the Gauss-Seidel method is implemented and executed on the PSS/E simulator. We will simulate the current network state and analyze the voltage profile, which should range between 0.95 and 1.05 pu. Next, we forecast the demand based on the industrial growth of the cities interconnected to this 33 kV loop. Analysis the simulation results will demonstrate the possibility of increasing the transit active power and controlling the reactive power in the system at 2040 year. Indeed, we propose solutions to address the identified critical issues to meet the projected demand. These solutions involve doubling the power capacity of the existing transformers. The proposed system will provide industrial consumers with reduced load imbalances and better control over voltage fluctuations caused by rapid variations in reactive power demand.
Internet of things (IoT) based monitoring system for hybrid powered E-bike charging station
Authors: Hidayat Mohammad Noor , Nugroho Aji , Munir Abdullah Faiq , Putri Ratna Ika
Published: February 2025

The internet of things (IoT) has become an important foundation in the development of web-based and remote technologies. In the implementation of renewable energy in hybrid E-bike systems, IoT-based monitoring system integration has made a significant contribution to monitoring activities. One of the latest innovations in the development of IoT in E-bike systems is the application of power prediction and the Coulomb counting method to estimate the charging time for a battery with a capacity of 200 AH, so that users can know the time needed to charge the battery efficiently. The IoT E-bike system is designed with user data display and monitoring features via the website, such as data on voltage, current, light intensity, battery percentage, power prediction, and prediction of the resulting battery charging time. Experimental results were obtained during the battery charging period, increasing the battery percentage from 50.43% (10 volts) to 71.769% (11.3 volts) in 4.5 hours with a battery charging charge of 153,866.4 C.
Integrated proportional-integral control for enhanced grid synchronization and power quality in photovoltaic-electric vehicle systems
Authors: Mahalakshmi V. G. , Gopala Reddy K. , Shakunthala C.
Published: February 2025

Photovoltaic (PV)-grid with electrical vehicle penetration introduces harmonics to the main power system. This paper explores the disturbances introduced due to both PV and electric vehicles (EVs) in the grid. PV acting as the source and EV acting as both the load and the source introduces harmonics to the main grid. The combined harmonics from both the PV and EV are controlled using the integrated DQ controller on the voltage source converter (VSC) that connects to the grid from the PV source. The real and reactive power is controlled in a decoupled manner to obtain better control of the harmonic reduction introduced in the grid. This study investigates the use of proportional-integral (PI) control techniques to develop an integrated controller that can effectively handle both PV synchronization and power quality when using electric vehicles. To reduce harmonics in the grid current, the study combines multicarrier space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) with PI control on the grid-connected converter through a dual-control loop system devoted to PV grid synchronization, with one loop specifically addressing EV battery charging control. DQ method yields a total harmonic distortion (THD) of 2.74% for voltage and 3.44% for current according to the IEEE 519 standards.
Power factor correction converters overview with PSIM simulation-based systematic control design for the totem-pole topology
Authors: Batarseh Majd Ghazi , Nassar Rajaie , Adwan Zaid , Abuishmais Ibrahim
Published: February 2025

The need for power factor correction (PFC) is inevitable due to the distortion of the supply current that results from the widely used switched mode power supplies (SMPSs). This paper first introduces the effects of SMPSs on the grid and the concept of PFC, followed by a review of the different ways to achieve this correction. Due to its numerous benefits, the totem-pole topology is chosen. A complete design of a totem-pole power factor correction (TPPFC) converter for universal use is demonstrated with the aid of the PSIM software and its SmartCtrl tool for a step-by-step design, achieving a simulated power factor (PF) as high as 0.99984 for normal full loading and a sinusoidal input current with a total harmonic distortion (THD) as low as 1.8038%. This work is the first complete, concise, and easy-to-follow PSIM simulation-based design guide for the TPPFC converter.
Design and implementation of PV emulator based on synchronous buck converter using Arduino Nano microcontroller
Authors: Samosir Ahmad Saudi , Gusmedi Herri , Huda Alfin Fitrohul
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses the comprehensive design and implementation of a photovoltaic (PV) emulator hardware using a synchronous buck converter. The primary objective is to simulate the electrical characteristics of a real PV module under varying environmental conditions. The process involves detailed simulations carried out using MATLAB/Simulink software to evaluate the performance and accuracy of the emulator model. Various load values were tested to account for the impact of fluctuations in radiation and temperature. The accuracy of the emulator's output characteristics was validated by comparing them with the actual attributes of the SolarWorld Sun-module SW50 PV module. The final step involves constructing the hardware of the PV emulator using electronic components, with an Arduino Nano employed as the controller.
Optimizing low-speed DTC performance for three-phase induction motors with sector rotation strategy
Authors: Sabri Nurul Syahada Muhamad , Tarusan Siti Azura Ahmad , Zawawi Syed Abrar S. A. , Jidin Auzani , Sutikno Tole
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a modification to the direct torque control (DTC) strategy for induction motors, focusing on improving flux performance at lower speeds. The method employs a sector rotation strategy to address stator flux droop, which occurs in conventional DTC due to the impact of stator resistance at low speed becoming more significant. This constrains the ability of the flux vector to be tangential to the voltage vector in the default sector. Consequently, an improper flux locus leads to distortion of the phase currents which disrupts precise control of torque. The proposed approach dynamically adjusts the sector angle to mitigate flux droop while maintaining the simplicity and original structure of DTC. The new sector rotation strategy is validated through simulations in MATLAB/Simulink to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing stator flux droop. These findings have potential applications in the industrial sector and electric vehicles, where stable motor operation and smoother driving performance at low speeds are crucial for precise control operation.
Hybrid energy storage system for dynamic power management in grid-connected microgrid
Authors: Kamagaté Yaya , Shah Heli Amit
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an adaptive rule-based approach for dynamic power management in grid-connected microgrids. Solar photovoltaics (PV) and a battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system form the DC subsystem. Initially, the reference power is processed through a low-pass filter, diverting high-frequency power variations to the ultracapacitor, thereby safeguarding the battery. Then, a power allocation factor proportional to the battery state of charge manages the average power distribution between the battery and the grid. Finally, a microgrid power management system (MPMS) establishes rules to regulate power sharing among sources and loads. In the proposed method, the battery handles long-term energy requirements, the ultracapacitor meets short-term power demands, and the grid is adjusted to align with the system’s requirements. The main benefits involve effective power distribution among sources and loads, DC bus voltage stabilization, smooth transitions between different operating modes, and enhanced grid power quality. Additionally, safety protocols prevent overcharging/deep discharging, thus reducing the risk of premature degradation and resulting in longer lifespan of storage devices. MATLAB/Simulink is used to implement and validate the method.
Optimal parameter identification of fractional-order proportional integral controller to improve DC voltage stability of photovoltaic/battery system
Authors: Abdelhalim Taibi , Kouider Laroussi , Rezk Hegazy , Abdelkader Rouibah , Al-Quraan Ayman
Published: February 2025

This study addresses the critical challenges of voltage stabilization in DC microgrids, where the inherent variability of renewable energy sources significantly complicates reliable operation. The focus is on optimizing the fractional-order proportional-integral (FO-PI) controller using four advanced techniques a whale optimization algorithm (WOA), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), genetic algorithm (GA), and sine cosine algorithm (SCA). Voltage instability poses substantial risks to the reliability and efficiency of DC microgrids, making the optimization of the FO-PI controller an essential task. Through comparative analysis, the study demonstrates that WOA outperforms the other methods, achieving superior voltage stability, resilience, and overall system performance. Notably, WOA achieves the lowest average cost function at 0.0004, compared to 0.892 for GWO, 0.659 for GA, and 0.096 for SCA, showcasing its effectiveness in fine-tuning the controller’s parameters. These findings highlight WOA robustness as a powerful tool for enhancing microgrid performance, especially in voltage regulation. The study underscores WOA potential in ensuring the reliable and efficient integration of renewable energy systems into DC microgrids and lays the groundwork for further research into its application in more complex and dynamic grid scenarios. By optimizing the FO-PI controller, WOA significantly contributes to the long-term stability and efficiency of DC microgrids.
Electronic properties of amorphous silicon carbon are correlated with the methane flow rate
Authors: Prayogi Soni , Cahyono Yoyok , Darminto Darminto
Published: February 2025

This study examines how methane flow rate during the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process affects the electronic properties of amorphous silicon-carbon (a-SiC) thin films. The films were deposited with varying methane flow rates, and their structural and electronic properties were analyzed using spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results show that the methane flow rate influences the ratio of sp2 to sp3 carbon bonding, which impacts the material's electronic band structure. Higher methane flow rates increase sp2 carbon content, reducing the bandgap energy and enhancing electrical conductivity. In contrast, lower flow rates lead to higher sp3 bonding, wider band gaps, and decreased conductivity. This study highlights the potential for optimizing methane flow rates in PECVD to tailor the electronic properties of a-SiC films for specific applications. The findings offer valuable insights for designing and optimizing a-SiC materials for electronic devices. Future research will investigate how other deposition parameters and post-deposition treatments affect a-SiC's electronic properties, aiming to further improve material performance for advanced technological applications.
Adaptive dung beetle optimization-based agile perturb and observe technique for energy management system
Authors: Sengar Shweta , Kumar Aniket
Published: February 2025

Energy storage system (ESS) plays a significant role in maximizing the use of renewable energies to ensure a balance between power generation and demand. ESS assists in maintaining grid stability by providing backup power during fluctuations or outages and smoothing out the variability of renewable energy source (RES). However, EMS fails to effectively balance dynamic interactions due to the unpredictable nature of renewable energy sources (RES) which results in a suboptimal performance. This research proposes an adaptive T-distribution dung beetle optimization-based agile perturb and observe technique (ADBO-APO) for EMS. Photovoltaic (PV) module, battery, and wind turbine are the three sources utilized to establish an effective EMS in a grid-connected system. The ADBO is applied to manage the switching between battery storage and wind turbines. The APO is utilized for triggering the bidirectional DC-DC switch to obtain stable power from wind, PV, and battery. APO enhances EMS by involving perturbation levels for optimal power extraction. It improves the stability and efficiency across variable energy sources. The proposed ADBO-APO achieves a superior average index of 1.2598×104 when compared to the existing method, levy flight quasi oppositional based learning smell agent optimization (LFQOBL-SAO).
Experimental study on the use of Savonius combined blade rotors as wind turbines and hydrokinetic turbines
Authors: Sanusi Arifin , Ut Jasron Jahirwan , Syam Sudirman
Published: February 2025

Renewable energy development is increasingly important to anticipate the limited use of fossil energy and its impact on the environment. The Savonius turbine is a vertical axis turbine that can utilize flow from all directions with simple construction, so it has the potential to be developed as a wind turbine and hydrokinetic to generate electricity. This paper aims to conduct an experimental studied the same Savonius combined blade rotor as a wind turbine used in a wind tunnel and a hydrokinetic turbine in an irrigation channel. The experimental results show that the Savonius turbine can function well as a wind and hydrokinetic turbine. The Savonius combined blade turbine improves the performance of conventional Savonius blade turbines, including its use as a hydrokinetic turbine, which is affected by flow velocity. The performance of the Savonius turbine is indicated by the power coefficient Cp and torque coefficient (Ct) values based on the fluid flow velocity. At the same wind speed (4 m/s), the combined blades can increase the performance Cp by up to 11% compared to conventional blades. The use of the same combined blades tested as a hydrokinetic turbine resulted in an increase in Cp and a decrease in Ct with an increase in tip speed ratio (TSR).
Development of random pulse width modulation technique for voltage source inverter drives
Authors: Luong Quoc Dat , Nguyen Manh Duc , Huynh Minh Khoi , Nguyen Phu Cong , Phan Quoc Dung
Published: February 2025

In this research, the structure selection of the carriers in the implementation of random pulse width modulation (RPWM) method for single-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) drives is specified by a 16-bit binary sequence. Subsequently, the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find the solution of the optimal sequence allowing the output voltage signal to achieve the minimum total harmonic distortion (THD). In addition, the harmonic spreading factor (HSF) is further analyzed to evaluate the acoustic noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI) of the operation of electromechanical system. Finally, through hardware testing process, the simulation results are validated in order to ensure the reliability of our research findings. The main components of this testing process are LAUNCHXL-F28379D utilized to generate controlling pulses for the modules insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT), and two EVAL-1EDI60I12AF gate driver modules for realizing the full-bridge inverter.
Solar tracker using Arduino microcontroller and light dependent resistor
Authors: Chenchireddy Kalagotla , Mulla Gouse Basha , Jagan Vadthya , Sultana Waseem , Sydu Shabbier Ahmed , Giddalur Eswaraiah
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a dual-axis solar tracker using Arduino and LDRs. The aim of the proposed paper is to enhance the competence of solar energy harvesting by developing an intelligent solar tracking system. This system employs light-dependent resistors (LDRs) as sensors to detect ambient light levels, enabling precise adjustments of solar panels along both azimuth and elevation axes. The Arduino microcontroller serves as the intellect of the system, orchestrating the synchronized movement of dual-axis servo motors to align solar panels optimally with the sun's point during the day. The core functionality of the solar tracker involves real-time monitoring of LDR readings to calculate the solar azimuth and elevation angles. These angles are then used to situation the solar panels dynamically, ensuring they are constantly oriented near the sun for maximum energy absorption. The implementation of the dual-axis solar tracker using Arduino and LDRs offers several advantages, including increased energy output, better system efficiency, and a reduction in dependency on fixed solar installations. The low-cost and adaptable nature of the proposed system makes it suitable for various applications, such as residential solar installations, off-grid power systems.
Sustainable energy empowerment in remote regions wind-solar system with intelligent management
Authors: Rouas Rabah , Sibrahim Madjid , Aissou Said , Haddad Salah
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a device designed to provide continuous electrical energy to isolated areas where connection to the power grid is expensive and unprofitable. This objective is achieved through a system that combines a wind turbine and photovoltaic panels as primary energy sources, with storage batteries and a diesel generator serving as backup sources. The main contribution of this work is characterized by the ability to ensure uninterrupted electrical power supply, even on days when renewable energy sources are less favorable. This intermittency is due to the random nature of these sources, as well as their dependency on weather and climatic conditions. Therefore, we sized each component of the hybrid system to meet the maximum required load individually under the most favorable conditions. We then modeled each energy conversion chain and developed power control laws to ensure effective set point tracking. Finally, we implemented a hierarchical energy management algorithm to define the operating modes of the hybrid system's sources, aiming to produce as much power as the load requires while prioritizing the use of renewable energy sources to minimize reliance on the storage system and the diesel generator.
РЕВАСКУЛЯРИЗАЦІЯ ІНФРАІНГВІНАЛЬНОГО АРТЕРІАЛЬНОГО РУСЛА В УМОВАХ СТЕНОТИЧНО-ОКЛЮЗІЙНОГО УРАЖЕННЯ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ЕНДОВАСКУЛЯРНИХ ТА ГІБРИДНИХ МЕТОДІВ
Authors: КОСТІВ С. Я. , ЦЮПРИК Н. І.
Published: February 2025

Мета роботи: вивчити та оцінити результати ендоваскулярних та гібридних методів реваскуляризації у пацієнтів із захворюваннями периферійних артерій і супутнім цукровим діабетом (ЦД).
Матеріали і методи. Проведено аналіз обстеження та хірургічного лікування 241 пацієнта зі стенотично-оклюзійним атеросклеротичним ураженням інфраінгвінального сегмента. Хворих поділили на 2 групи. Першу (I) склали 144 пацієнти (59,7 %) із атеросклеротичним стенотично-оклюзійним процесом інфраінгвінального сегмента, другу (II) групу – 97 (40,2 %) осіб з атеросклерозом інфраінгвінального сегмента і супутнім ЦД 2 типу. За типами проведених оперативних втручань пацієнтів кожної групи поділили на дві підгрупи – ендоваскулярні (А) та гібридні (В). Серед хворих першої групи у ІА-підгрупу увійшло 98 (40,6 %) осіб, а в ІВ-підгрупу – 46 (19,0 %). Серед пацієнтів другої групи ІІА-підгрупу склали 63 (26,1 %) хворих, а ІІВ – 34 (14,1 %). Для достовірної оцінки результатів операцій із дослідження були виключені пацієнти тільки з відкритими методами реконструкції.
Результати. Як на доопераційному етапі, так і в усіх періодах після проведення оперативного втручання спостерігали тенденцію до меншого значення кісточково-плечового індексу (КПІ) відносно норми в обох підгрупах, однак стосовно початкових показників, то після реваскуляризації індекс зростав у обох підгрупах. У пацієнтів із тривалістю ЦД більше 10 років на доопераційному етапі значення КПІ перевищували норму, на противагу цьому показники КПІ в осіб із супутнім ЦД, що тривав менше 10 років, були нижче від норми. Проте у даної групи пацієнтів на усіх етапах післяопераційного періоду, незалежно від вибору методу оперативного лікування, показник КПІ зростав. При порівнянні показників рівня TcpO2 у першій та другій групах встановлено, що рівні напруги кисню були нижчими у пацієнтів із ЦД порівняно з особами без супутнього ЦД як на початку, так і після оперативного втручання.
Висновки. Застосування сучасних методів реваскуляризації у пацієнтів із стенотично-оклюзійними ураженнями інфраінгвінального артеріального русла дозволяє суттєво покращити кровопостачання ішемізованих сегментів у нижній кінцівці, особливо при супутньому ЦД.
De Kilchberg à Vérone : les bibliothèques de Conrad Ferdinand Meyer
Authors: Vanhelmon Mathilde
Published: February 2025

Le présent article porte sur le caractère multilingue de la bibliothèque de travail de l’écrivain suisse plurilingue Conrad Ferdinand Meyer, figure importante de la littérature de langue allemande du XIXe siècle. La première partie de cette étude présente la composition de la bibliothèque de l’écrivain à partir des catalogages disponibles, avec une attention particulière accordée au fonds en langues étrangères. La deuxième partie s’intéresse au rapport qu’entretiennent bibliothèques – considérées comme une voie d’accès à la littérature mondiale – et création littéraire chez l’auteur. La troisième partie se concentre sur les bibliothèques comme éléments de décors réels et fictionnels chez Meyer. Cette contribution vise à présenter la bibliothèque multilingue de l’auteur comme une entrée privilégiée dans son œuvre elle-même.
Representações sociais do HIV e o cuidado de jovens recentemente diagnosticados
Authors: Guarnieri Rosana , Botelho Fernanda Cangussu , Silva Luís Augusto Vasconcelos da , Zucchi Eliana Miura
Published: February 2025

OBJETIVO: Compreender as representações sociais do HIV e suas repercussões no cuidado de jovens recentemente diagnosticados. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa no contexto do estudo PrEP15-19, que analisou a efetividade da profilaxia pré-exposição sexual ao HIV entre adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com nove jovens homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) e uma travesti. Todos receberam diagnóstico de HIV durante a inclusão no estudo realizado em São Paulo e Salvador entre 2019 e 2020. O roteiro de entrevista abordou aspectos da prevenção ao HIV e repercussões no cuidado. Utilizou-se análise temática dos dados, interpretados a partir da teoria das representações sociais. RESULTADOS: Os jovens relataram experiências de estigma e discriminação relacionadas à orientação sexual, identidade e expressão de gênero. Essas vivências trouxeram sofrimentos que foram atualizados na comunicação do diagnóstico, pois remetiam às representações sociais do HIV e aids disseminadas pelo senso comum, baseadas no conhecimento precário sobre prevenção, tratamento e transmissão do HIV. Na análise dos facilitadores e barreiras ao cuidado, a vinculação ao tratamento esteve fortemente relacionada ao acolhimento nos serviços de saúde, com informações e apoio, além de escuta qualificada. As barreiras estiveram relacionadas às fragilidades nos espaços de saúde que obstaculizam o cuidado, como falta de privacidade, hostilidade de profissionais e insegurança quanto à confidencialidade do diagnóstico. CONCLUSÕES: As representações sociais do HIV constituem uma importante dimensão da experiência diagnóstica de jovens, sobretudo por atualizar histórias de violência, homofobia, transfobia, estigma e discriminação. Sua compreensão, a partir dos discursos de jovens, constitui importante ferramenta para formulação de políticas públicas voltadas às demandas dessa faixa etária. Portanto, a construção de novas representações sociais que visem à mitigação do estigma torna-se um dos elementos mais importantes para o enfrentamento da epidemia de HIV entre adolescentes e jovens.
Adolescentes gays, bissexuais e outros homens que fazem sexo com homens: interseccionalidade e continuum de cuidado de PrEP
Authors: Oliveira Eduardo Araújo de , Santos Lorruan Alves dos , Zucchi Eliana Miura , Massa Paula , Grangeiro Alexandre , Couto Marcia Thereza
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of intersecting systems of oppression on the continuum of PrEP care among adolescent gays, bisexuals, and other men who have sex with men (aGBMSM), and to examine how health professionals (HP) identify and address these challenges to provide sexual health care and HIV prevention. METHODS: This qualitative exploratory study was part of a cohort research project involving aGBMSM, travesties, and transgender women (aTrTW) using PrEP. Data analyzed consisted of 16 interviews with aGBMSM and eight with health professionals (HPs) in São Paulo study site. The methodological and theoretical framework for the interactive categorization of thematic analysis was based on an intersectional approach. RESULTS: The knowledge of aGBMSM about PrEP was influenced by the adverse effects of systems of oppression, particularly among Black adolescents, who acquired knowledge in a less technical manner compared to White adolescents. Most professionals recognized oppression and its impact on the PrEP care continuum (PrEPCC), especially noting the presence of racism. However, few articulated how different social markers compound barriers to the success of the PrEPCC. CONCLUSION: Social oppression affects the success of the PrEP care continuum (PrEPCC) in multiple ways. Health professionals (HPs) play a crucial role in mitigating and not perpetuating these negative experiences within health services, as well as in PrEP access, use, and adherence.
Marcadores do consumo alimentar do Sisvan de seis a 23 meses: análise crítica e validação
Authors: Lourenço Bárbara Hatzlhoffer , Guedes Bianca de Melo , Santos Thanise Sabrina Souza , Leffa Paula dos Santos , Silva Sara Araújo da
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE: To explore the internal structure and analyze evidence of measurement invariance of the Sisvan form of food intake markers of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (Sisvan) for children aged six to 23 months. METHODS: Sisvan microdata from 2015 to 2019 were used. After analyzing sample adequacy, exploratory factor analysis was carried out considering factor loadings (≥ 0.30 and < 0.85), communality (> 0.20), model fit indices – Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) > 0.90, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) < 0.08. A critical analysis of the form items was performed to adjust the parameters. Measurement stability was investigated between age groups, macro-regions and longitudinally by multi-group confirmatory factor analysis in configural, metric, and scalar invariance models. Configural invariance was accepted if RMSEA < 0.08 and TLI and comparative fit index (CFI) > 0.90. Metric and scalar invariances were accepted if ΔRMSEA < 0.015 and ΔCFI < 0.01, compared to the previous model. RESULTS: After critical analysis, items were grouped (vegetables and leafy greens; meat or eggs and liver) and excluded (salty food; porridge with milk; rice, potatoes, yams, cassava, flour, or pasta). The exploratory model comprised three factors: healthy complementary feeding (fruit; vegetables; orange or dark green leafy vegetables or fruits; meat, offal, or egg; beans), ultra-processed (yogurt; hamburger and/or sausages; sweetened drinks; instant noodles, packet snacks, or salty cookies; sandwich cookies, sweets, or treats), and milk feeding (breast milk; other milk), with satisfactory factor loadings, communalities and fit (TLI: 0.918, RMSEA: 0.071). The reformulated instrument was stable in the invariance models tested. CONCLUSIONS: With the incorporation of the modifications to the Sisvan form, the food intake markers subsidize a more adequate interpretation of the feeding situation of children aged six to 23 months.
Oferta de PrEP em organizações comunitárias: estudo comparativo com serviços convencionais
Authors: Grangeiro Alexandre , Massa Paula Andrea , Escuder Maria Mercedes , Zucchi Eliana Miura , Sala Eliane Aparecida , Oliveira Eduardo Araujo de , Fini Raphaela , Dourado Inês , Magno Laio , Leite Beo Oliveira , Bruxvoort Katia , MacCarthy Sarah , Couto Marcia Thereza , Peres Maria Fernanda Tourinho
Published: February 2025

OBJETIVO: Avaliar se adolescentes de minorias sexuais que iniciaram a profilaxia pré-exposição sexual (PrEP) em organizações comunitárias (OC) apresentam maior vulnerabilidade social e ao HIV em comparação com adolescentes em PrEP de um serviço de saúde convencional. Além disso, avaliar se esses adolescentes tiveram um acesso mais oportuno à profilaxia. MÉTODO: Estudo demonstrativo da efetividade de PrEP, realizado na cidade de São Paulo, em duas OC, localizadas no centro (OC-centro) e na periferia (OC-periferia), e em um serviço convencional de testagem para o HIV (CTA-centro). Foram elegíveis para PrEP, entre 2020 e 2022, adolescentes homens cisgêneros que fazem sexo com homens (aHSH), travestis, mulheres transexuais e pessoas transfemininas (aTTrans) -, de 15 a 19 anos, HIV-negativos, com práticas de maior risco para o HIV. Indicadores de acesso oportuno e de vulnerabilidades dos adolescentes iniciando PrEP nas OC foram analisados, tendo por referência o CTA-centro e empregando regressão logística multinomial. RESULTADOS: 608 adolescentes iniciaram PrEP nas OC e CTA-Centro. Adolescentes das OC estiveram associados a um menor tempo de início de PrEP (1–7 dias; OC-periferia: ORa = 2,91; IC95% 1,22–6,92; OC-centro: ORa = 1,91; IC95% 1,10–3,31); e a um menor IDH de moradia (OC-centro: ORa = 0,97; IC95% 0,94–1,00; OC-periferia: ORa = 0,82; IC95% 0,78–0,86). Na OC-periferia houve aumento na chance de os adolescentes serem mais jovens (ORa = 3,06; IC95% 1,63–5,75) e morarem mais próximos ao serviço (ORa = 0,82; IC95% 0,78–0,86, média 7,8 km). Enquanto adolescentes da OC-centro estiveram associados ao maior conhecimento prévio de PrEP (ORa = 2,01; IC95% 1,10–3,91) e a alta percepção de risco (ORa = 2,02; IC95% 1,18–3,44). Não estiveram associadas aos adolescentes das OC as práticas sexuais de maior risco e as situações de vulnerabilidade ao HIV. CONCLUSÃO: A oferta de PrEP nas OC facilitou o acesso de adolescentes vulnerabilizados e pode contribuir para reduzir inequidades.
Risco e prazer em tempos de sexo farmacologicamente seguro
Authors: Duarte Filipe Mateus , Brasil Sandra Assis , Lima Mônica , Vidal Jardel da Silva , Magno Laio , Dourado Inês , Silva Luís Augusto Vasconcelos da
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE: This article discusses how Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and the undetectable viral load=untransmissible (UVL=U) have produced reconfigurations in the contexts of affective-sexual encounters of young gay men/men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV (YLHIV). METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted with nine YLHIV, aged 18 to 29, from two studies conducted in Salvador, Bahia, in 2019 and 2021. The narratives focused on unprecedented events in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS, which have allowed experiences of greater intimacy and safety but also challenges and tensions in affective-sexual relationships. RESULTS: Different moments in the experience of living with HIV reveal different narratives of YLHIV concerning the new PrEP and UVL biotechnologies. Concerns surrounding possible HIV transmission or the obligation to reveal serology are more prominent among young people with the most recent diagnosis. In contrast, those with more extended serology experience are more comfortable and confident in the face of new technologies and their significant effects on sexual encounters. However, controversies remain regarding the moral and behavioral consequences of their use. Some YLHIV re-update concerns and bring reports about the continuity of stigma toward people living with HIV. Others emphasize the benefits of biomedical advances, opening up new interactive possibilities, including without the use of condoms, highlighting the existence of other practices, knowledge, dynamics, and ways of negotiating risk/care, with tensions in the field of sexuality itself. CONCLUSIONS: We reiterate the need to resume public policies in the field of HIV/AIDS beyond biomedical strategies, highlighting vulnerabilities, the dissemination of information about new HIV prevention and treatment technologies, respect for people’s autonomy in their preventive choices, and the development of strategies to combat the stigma associated with HIV/AIDS.
Recent HIV infections and estimated HIV incidence among adolescents from key populations
Authors: Zeballos Diana , Soares Fabiane , Magno Laio , Szwarcwald Celia Landmann , Ferreira Orlando , Westin Mateus , Greco Dirceu , Grangeiro Alexandre , Dourado Inês
Published: February 2025

OBJETIVE: To identify recent HIV-1 infection and estimate HIV incidence among adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) and transgender women (ATGW) in Brazil. METHODS: From January to December 2020, a cross-sectional analysis was conducted with baseline data from the PrEP1519 study, an HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) demonstration cohort in Brazil among sexually active AMSM/ATGW aged 15–19. For enrollment, participants were screened with a fourth-generation HIV rapid test. The recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) included a recency assay in blood specimens, viral load, and CD4 cell count prior to antiretroviral treatment use. Among these participants, RITA-based HIV incidence was estimated using a mean duration of recency infection of 214 days and a false-recent rate of 0.02. RESULTS: Out of the 494 participants screened, 21 tested positive for HIV. Following RITA, five adolescents had a recent HIV infection, 14 had long-term infections, and two did not have blood specimens available. We classified these two participants as long-term infection cases due to CD4 cell counts and previous use of antiretroviral treatment. Among those who tested positive, all but one were AMSM (94.7%), 73.6% were aged 18–19, and 76.2% were non-White. The HIV prevalence was 4.2%, and the estimated HIV incidence was 1.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The estimated incidence highlights the need for targeted HIV prevention interventions, such as PrEP, for sexual minority adolescents. Integrating RITA into routine HIV testing services for this population provides valuable information on the current HIV epidemic. This strategy can aid in monitoring the effectiveness of prevention efforts and improving early entry to HIV care.