bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CAUSES OF DIFFERENCES IN AGING PERIOD BETWEEN PROVINCES IN INDONESIA: ANALYSIS USING PANEL DATA AND LOGISTIC REGRESSIONS
Authors: Heryanah Heryanah , Kadir Kadir
Published: July 2023

Indonesia entered a period of aging population in 2022 with the percentage of the elderly population reaching 7% and an elderly dependency ratio reaching 10%. This aging condition is experienced differently between provinces. Some provinces have entered this period, while others haven't. This study aims to describe the process of population aging at the provincial level as well as examine the causes of differences in population aging periods between provinces in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics covering 33 provinces in Indonesia in 2010, 2015, and 2020. Aggregate (macro) data were analyzed descriptively using the aging degree index to describe differences in the speed of the population aging process and by statistical inference using binary logistic method and panel data regression to identify causes of variations in population aging period between provinces. Logistic regression results show that provinces with characteristics of many residents migrating out, high population density, many people who already have proper sanitation, high per capita spending, and low unemployment rates, have the opportunity to enter a period of population aging more quickly than provinces without these criteria. Panel data regression results show that the aging population in Indonesia is more dominated by socioeconomic factors than demographic, health, and environmental factors. The results confirm that a holistic development approach must be pursued by the government. More attention should be given to demographic, health, and environmental aspects. Thus, population aging occurs in a quality manner accompanied by the welfare of the elderly population.
RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETES MELLITUS IN MEN OF PRODUCTIVE AGE IN INDIA (NATIONAL FAMILY HEALTH SURVEY 2015-2016)
Authors: Siahaan Maya Fernandya , Mahmudiono Trias , Mahmudah Mahmudah , Melaniani Soenarnatalina , Wulandari Syahfitri
Published: July 2023

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a serious health problem that continues to increase and can cause morbidity and mortality in many countries. India as a country with the second highest number of DM cases in the world after China has around 77 million cases in adults aged 20-79 years and is estimated to increase by 134 million in 2045. The cause of the incidence of DM in adults is multifactorial. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the risk factors associated with the incidence of DM in adults aged 15-49 years in India. This quantitative study uses a cross-sectional approach. This research data source was secondary data from the 2015-2016 National Family Health Survey (NHFS-4). The study sample size was a male adult population aged 15-49 years in 157 rural and urban areas in India. The independent variables studied were age, meat consumption, alcohol consumption, fried food consumption, smoking, economic status, education level, place of residence, and employment status, while the dependent variable is the incidence of DM. The results from the chi-square show that there were relationships between age, meat consumption, alcohol consumption, fried food consumption, smoking, economic status, education level, place of residence, and the incidence of DM in adult men aged 15-49 years in India. The results of the logistic regression test showed that age, smoking habits, and economic status had a significant effect. Meanwhile, the most influential factor was the higher economic status with an OR of 0.628 times higher having type 2 diabetes.
APPLICATION OF THE PRAIS WINSTEN METHOD IN OVERCOMING AUTOCORRELATION ON LIFE EXPECTATION FACTORS
Authors: Bimanto Hardian , Notobroto Hari Basuki , Melaniani Soenarnatalina
Published: July 2023

One of the error conditions that are required to be met is the absence of autocorrelation problems. Autocorrelation is a correlation of errors between observations, the existence of an error correlation between observations will cause deviations from the actual statistical value. One of the statistical methods for overcoming autocorrelation is the Prais Winsten method. This study aims to explain the Prais Winsten method in overcoming the problem of autocorrelation on factors that affect the life expectancy of East Java Province in 2018. This research is a secondary data analysis, data obtained from the East Java Province's health profile in 2018 with the dependent variable, namely life expectancy, and independent variables, namely prevalence of diarrhea, clean and healthy living behavior, and mean years of school. The results of this research indicated the finding of autocorrelation problems in the factors that affected the life expectancy of East Java Province in 2018. Improvements with the Prais Winsten method showed that the Durbin Watson value was at the critical point limit, Mean Square Error and coefficient of determination (R2) value was decreasing. This research concludes that the Prais Winsten method can overcome autocorrelation.
FERTILITY BASED ON DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIAL ECONOMIC FACTORS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN BENGKULU PROVINCE (SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS 2017 IDHS)
Authors: Pratiwi Bintang Agustina , Wati Nopia , Oktarianita Oktarianita , Angraini Wulan , Raharja Mugia Bayu
Published: July 2023

The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of Bengkulu Province is still at 2.31, meaning that there are still Women of Reproductive Age who have children >2. This condition affects the non-fulfillment of basic family needs.  The purpose of this study was to determine the factors causing fertility based on demographic, social, and economic factors in Women of Reproductive Age in Bengkulu Province. This study is a study that uses secondary data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017. The population in this study is 49,250 households nationally. The number of households that were successfully interviewed in Bengkulu Province was 850. Ever married women aged 15-49 years were 809 people. Furthermore, the weighted sample was 364 people, from the weighted sample 274 samples met the criteria. The data analysis used in this study consisted of 3 types of data analysis, that is univariate analysis, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results showed that there was a relationship between demographic factors, namely maternal age (p = 0.000), and husband's age (p = 0.000) with Women of Reproductive Age fertility. There is a relationship between socioeconomic  factors,  that  is  maternal  education (0.026) with Women of Reproductive Age fertility in  Bengkulu  Province. The  dominant  factor causing fertility  was age at marriage (p = 0.019 and OR = 1.911).
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR DETERMINANT FACTOR IN ADOLESCENTS IN KEBAYORAN LAMA SELATAN VILLAGE IN 2020
Authors: Afrida Muti , Febrianti Thresya
Published: July 2023

Future threats are posed by the high prevalence of risky sexual behavior in adolescents. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing sexual behavior among adolescents in Kelurahan Kebayoran Lama Selatan in 2020. The research study design used a cross-sectional with a total sample of 194 respondents. The sampling technique was snowball sampling and the analysis used was descriptive. It shows that half of all adolescents have risky behavior, namely 165 people (85.1%), but a quarter of them have non-risk behavior (14.9%). The distribution of majority of respondents has peer influence 25.3%, more information sources in watching pornography on friends 43.3%, internet mass media that is often seen 36.6%, the frequency of pornography in the category is sometimes 39.7%, partner pornography when alone 24.2% and their lover/girlfriend 17.5%, the reasons for watching pornography were 28.4% of curiosity and 16.0% of sexual desire, and the role of good parents in educating children 95.4%. Sexual behavior in adolescents in Kebayoran Lama Selatan Village shows that there are still many teenagers who engage in risky sexual behavior. This research is expected to facilitate the needs of adolescents so that they can channel their energy and make good use of their free time.
THE BIRTH WEIGHT CHARACTERISTICS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS IN THE PROVINCE OF NORTH SUMATERA, INDONESIA
Authors: Purnama Tri Bayu , Aulia Windi
Published: July 2023

The infant mortality rate remains public health problem. Low birth weight prevalence has been estimated around 60%-80% of all neonatal deaths. Birth weight problems can be associated by infant factors, demographic factors, and maternal factors. Likewise, the difference in area of residence that can affect birth weight. This study aims to investigate the differences birth weight both rural and urban areas in North Sumatera. This study used secondary data which is originated from the Indonesia Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017. The sample of this study was 991 children. The existence of a process of data elimination due to missing data, thus obtaining 499 children who were used as research samples. Data analysis used the Mann Whitney test to see if there was a difference in the average birth weight between variables. Most of the baby's weight was born within normal limits as much as 85.6%. The results of the Mann Whitney test show that there is a relationship between birth weight and area of residence and birth weight in rural areas is higher than in urban areas.
Stem cell properties of cancer cells in ascitic fluid of patients with ovarian cancer: a key to control over cancer progression
Authors: Kovalev O. I. , Vtorushin S. V. , Kaigorodova E. V.
Published: July 2023

Ovarian cancer is considered to be the most malignant and aggressive tumor of the female reproductive system, which is largely associated with early development of malignant ascites and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Cancer cells representing the primary focus, as well as those contained in the ascitic fluid, are extremely heterogeneous in terms of morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic aspects. Cancer stem cells play a significant role in tumor self-renewal, differentiation, metastasis, and development of chemoresistance.

This literature review is aimed at summarizing the available data on cancer stem cells in ovarian cancer and their role in tumor progression. A bioinformatic search was carried out in the PubMed, NCBI, Google Scholar, and eLibrary databases using the keywords “cancer stem cells”, “ovarian cancer”, “malignant ascites”, “chemoresistance”, etc.

The data presented in the review make it possible to comprehensively characterize the role of stem cell properties of ovarian cancer cells. The review presents up-to-date information on the molecular and biological parameters of cancer stem cells in ovarian cancer, which are the cellular component of malignant ascites, as well as data from the authors’ studies. Along with this, the article describes modern ideas about the mechanisms of formation of cellular spheroids and their contribution to cancer progression.

Cancer stem cells are an extremely promising target in the development of future therapeutic strategies based on the study of signaling pathways in ovarian cancer stem cells, the mechanisms of spheroid formation, and the contribution of immune cells to the acquisition of cancer stem cell properties.
Surgical revascularization in women: focus on factors worsening the prognosis
Authors: Serebryakova V. N. , Kaveshnikov V. S. , Kuzmichkina M. A.
Published: July 2023

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of women undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Although the evidence of gender effects on outcomes is controversial, a number of publications have reported less favorable outcomes of CABG in women. The aim of this paper was to review the literature regarding factors that worsen short- and long-term prognosis in women undergoing surgical myocardial revascularization.

Gender differences in early outcomes of CABG are largely explained by gender distribution of baseline clinical characteristics. Women, compared to men, undergo CABG at an older age and have a worse profile of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (RF), comorbidity burden, structural and functional cardiac pathology, and coronary lesions. In women, complete myocardial revascularization is less frequent than in men, venous shunts are used more frequently, and the left internal mammary artery is less frequently used as a conduit. In addition to the baseline characteristics, higher incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction (MI), higher prevalence of anxiety and depression, lower quality of life and social adaptation after CABG, and lower involvement of women in rehabilitation programs, compared to men, may contribute to a less favorable long-term prognosis after CABG in women.

There is a need for more information for physicians about the specifics of CVDs and anatomical and surgical aspects of CABG in women. It is also necessary to raise patients’ awareness of RF correction and to involve them in educational technologies. Recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of CVDs should be developed taking into account gender. Further research is also required to develop and implement sex-specific models for predicting surgical risks. Long-term follow-up is appropriate in women with recent MI and a history of diabetes mellitus. To further improve clinical outcomes of CABG in women, development of approaches that facilitate more complete revascularization and reduce the incidence of perioperative complications, such as MI and pneumonia, is needed. More answers to questions regarding gender differences in long-term outcomes of CABG may be obtained by analyzing further studies involving a larger number of female patients.
A family case of a rare autoinflammatory disease associated with mutations in the NLRP3 and TNFRSF1A genes in the practice of a rheumatologist
Authors: Kurochkina Yu. D. , Korolev M. A. , Letyagina E. A. , Fishman V. S. , Gridina M. M. , Valeeva E. S.
Published: July 2023

The article presents a clinical case of a rare autoinflammatory disease – a family case of Muckle – Wells syndrome. The diversity of clinical manifestations and the impossibility of confirming the diagnosis without a genetic study by DNA sequencing determine the complexity of and delay in the diagnosis. The development of severe complications and, as a consequence, a fatal outcome necessitates early diagnosis. The described clinical case demonstrates the importance of DNA sequencing for the timely diagnosis of the disease, the features of the disease course, and the familial nature of the disease. The diagnosis of Mackle – Wells syndrome in young family members before the development of severe complications will allow to start adequate and timely treatment and prevent the development of amyloidosis.
Russian-language repository of the open clinical data “SibMED Data Clinical Repository”
Authors: Kulikov E. S. , Fedorova O. S. , Tolmachev I. V. , Ryazantseva U. V. , Vrazhnov D. A. , Gubanov A. V. , Nesterovich S. V. , Shmyrina A. A.
Published: July 2023

The global digitalization has become one of the most significant challenges in the field of medicine and healthcare. The rapid development of digital technologies determines the growing demand for constant access to big data in real time Their use is in need for research and technological projects in the sphere of artificial intelligence technologies development. Siberian State Medical University developed the first Russian-language repository of clinical data “SibMed Data Clinical Repository” (https://dataset.ssmu.ru/). The article describes the structure, functions of the repository, and perspectives of its use.
Anatomical variations and coding of the intra-trunk pathways in the thoracodorsal nerve
Authors: Gorbunov N. S. , Kober K. V. , Kasparov E. V. , Rostovtsev S. I. , Protasyuk E. N.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To study anatomical variations of the intra–trunk pathways in the thoracodorsal nerve bundles and to develop a system for their coding.

Materials and methods. After fixation in a 2% solution of acetic acid using the MBS-10 stereomicroscope, we performed macro- and microscopic intra-trunk dissection of thoracodorsal nerve bundles in 121 specimens obtained from 105 corpses of males and females who died at the age of 40–97 years. Using the obtained findings, we compiled a database in the MS Excel 12.0 software and determined the number of anatomical variations in absolute and relative (% from 121 specimens) units.

Results. The study revealed that the thoracodorsal nerve is a mixed nerve, which consists of 1 motor and 1– 3 sensory bundles that variously pass through the spinal nerves, trunks, and the axillary nerve with the formation of 20 intra-trunk pathways. In 77% of cases, sensory bundles arising from the thoracodorsal nerve pass through the posterior bundle, the posterior division, the middle trunk, and the C7 spinal nerve or the inferior trunk and the C8 spinal nerve. In 22% of cases, the thoracodorsal nerve has one or, rarely, two duplicate sensory pathways besides the main one. In 93% of cases, the motor bundle to the thoracodorsal nerve passes through the C7 spinal nerve and the middle trunk, the posterior division, and the posterior bundle. Coding the anatomical variations of the intra-trunk pathways in the direction of sensory bundle «posterior bundle → posterior division → trunk → spinal nerve; motor bundle ← posterior bundle ← posterior division ← trunk ← spinal nerve allows to briefly yet clearly and fully display the morphological diversity of the nerve anatomy.

Conclusion. The identified anatomical variations of the intra-trunk pathways can be useful in the diagnosis of injuries and diseases. They expand indications for the use of spinal nerves, trunks of the brachial plexus, and the thoracodorsal nerve in reconstructive surgery.
Genome Analysis of Three Bacteriophages Targeting Multi Drug Resistant Clinical Isolate of E. coli, Host Receptor Prediction Using Machine Learning Tools and the Evaluation of Monophages and Cocktail In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Sundaramoorthy Niranjana Sri , KU Vineetha , Nair Veena , Bharathi Kavi , JBB Jean Sophy Roy , R Malarvizhi , Srikanth Sneha , S Santhosh Kumar , Sankaran Prakash , Mohan Suma , Nagarajan Saisubramanian
Published: July 2023

The objective of the present study is to isolate phages targeting multidrug resistant (MDR), extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) positive clinical isolate of E. coli ( U1007), sequence and analyze the phage genome and use machine learning tools to predict host cell surface receptor and finally evaluate the efficiency of monophage and phage cocktail in vitro and in vivo in a zebrafish model. Phage specific for E. coli U1007 was isolated from Ganges River (designated as U1G), Cuoom River (designated as CR) and Hospital waste water (designated as M phage). The obtained phages were triple purified and enriched. U1G phages had a greater burst size of 124 PFU/cell and a latent time of 25 min.M phage had a burst size of 150 PFU/cell with a shortlatent time of 20min. Similarly CR phage has a short latent 20 min and a burst size of 115 PFU/cell. Based on capsid architecture, U1G phage resembles Podoviridae, CR phage is structurally similar to Myoviridae and M phage has morphology that resembles Siphoviridae. Genome sequencing and analysis revealed that the size of the U1G phage genome is 73275 bp Whereas that of CR phage and M phage are 45236 bp and 45294 bp, respectively. All three genomes were marked by the absence of genes encoding tRNA sequence, antibiotic resistant or virulent genes. A machine learning (ML) based multi-class classification model using algorithms such as Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and Decision Tree were employed to predict the host receptor targeted by all 3 phages and the best performing algorithm Random Forest predicted LPS O antigen , LamB or OmpC for U1G FhuA, OmpC for CR phage and FhuA, LamB, TonB or OmpF for the M phage as the host receptor targeted by the receptor binding protein (RBP) of the phages. In vitro time kill assay showed that treatment with monophages alone and along with colistin resulted in regrowth whereas phage combinations significantly reduced the regrowth and by 24h the phage cocktail along with colistin produced a significant 3 log declinein cell counts relative to the untreated control. In vivo intramuscular infection study in zebrafish showed that phages were non toxic and a cocktail of dual (U1G +M) phage along with colsitin resulted in a significant 3.5 log decline in cell counts whereas triple phage combination along with colistin resulted in 3 log decline in cell counts probably due to host receptor competition. Our study highlights the potential of phage cocktail therapy in mitigating MDR clinical isolate of E. coli in vitro and in vivo.
Enhancement of Soybean Meal Alters Gut Microbiome and Influences Behavior of Farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)
Authors: Leeper Alexandra , Sauphar Clara , Berlizot Benoit , Ladurée Gabrielle , Koppe Wolfgang , Knobloch Stephen , Skírnisdottír Sigurlaug , Björnsdóttir Rannveig , Øverland Margareth , Benhaim David
Published: July 2023

The aquaculture sector has become increasingly reliant on soybean meal (SBM) and soy-derived proteins, because of their large abundance, low price and favorable amino acid profile. However, for Atlantic salmon, a major aquaculture species, the inclusion of soybean meal, and soy protein concentrate (SPC) in certain combinations has adverse impacts on its gut health and welfare. This study evaluated two enhanced SBM targeting improved gut health for inclusion in freshwater phase salmon diets, enzyme pre-treatment (ETS) and addition of fructose oligosaccharide (USP), respectively in comparison to untreated soybean meal (US) and fish meal (FM). The impact on growth performance, gut microbiome, and behaviors relevant to welfare was investigated. Both enhancements of SBM were found to support comparable growth performance to FM. Both targeted treatments altered the gut microbiome community. Fish fed SBM showed a tendency for more reactive behavior compared to those fed the FM-based control. All fish had a similarly low response to elicited stress, although ETS fed fish responded more actively than those fed the US diet. SBM fed fish also had lower repeatability of behavior, which may have implications for welfare. Both enhancements provide a promising basis to optimize the application of this widely used protein source.
Physico-Chemical and Nutritional Properties of Commercial Chia Seeds From Latin-American Countries
Authors: Vera C. Natalia , Muñoz Loreto Andrea , Rincón Miguel Ángel , Haros Claudia Monika
Published: July 2023

In the last decades, cultivation of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) has expanded around the world and the seeds have become well known due to their rich composition in nutrients and bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the physical, chemical and nutritional profile of eight chia seeds grown in different Latin-American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay and Peru). The results showed that several nutritional parameters such as the protein content and amino acid profile, dietary fiber content, lipid content, mineral composition and phytate present in the seeds depend on the location they were grown in. Other parameters such as ash content, fatty acid profile or physical parameters were uniform across locations (except for color parameters). The results support the notion that nutritional characteristics of seeds are determined by the seed's origin, further analysis is needed to define the exact mechanisms that control the changes in the seeds nutritional properties.
Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Given as Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Central Corneal Thickness: Results at 12 Months
Authors: Naranjo-Bonilla Pedro , Mira-Padilla Estefania , Muñoz-Villanueva María Carmen , Giménez-Gómez Rafael , Gámez Bernabé Jurado
Published: July 2023

Background: To examine the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) followed for 12 months.

Methods: Participants were patients with OSA and an indication for CPAP who were enrolled after diagnosis and graded according to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) determined in an overnight polysomnography. Each subject underwent a full ophthalmologic examination including ultrasound pachymetry (USP) with an SP3000 USP (Tomey Inc) at the time points just before CPAP onset, and after 3 and 12 months of CPAP treatment.

Results: The study sample comprised 40 eyes of 20 patients. Adherence to CPAP was adequate (5.23 ± 1.77 h/night). After receiving 12 months of CPAP, positive correlation was observed between hours of CPAP use and CCT (r = 0.382, p = 0.015). Intermittent hypoxemia pre-CPAP or hypoxia severity pre-CPAP were also positively correlated with the CCT recorded after 12 months of CPAP (r = 0.394, p = 0.012; r = 0.324, p = 0.041). Significant correlations were, however, not observed after only 3 months of CPAP treatment. In addition, compared to measurements at 3 months, intraocular pressure was higher after 12 months of treatment.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that 12 months of correct adherence to CPAP are needed to detect significant CCT thickening, and that the greater the pre-CPAP hypoxemia, the greater the capacity for an increase in CCT to be produced in response to 12 months of this therapy.
Background and Common Lesions in the Female Reproductive Organs of Giant Anteaters (Myrmecophaga Tridactyla)
Authors: Moura Fernanda Barthelson Carvalho de , Rocha Noeme Sousa , Lacerda Zara Alves , Catão-Dias José Luiz , Navas-Suárez Pedro Enrique , Werther Karin , Simões Sarah Raquel Jesus Santos , Santos Renato Lima , Murillo Daniel Felipe Barrantes , Fonseca-Alves Carlos Eduardo , Watanabe Tatiane Terumi Negrão
Published: July 2023

The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is a vulnerable specie from Central and South America and is considered extinct in Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Uruguay. Therefore, studies describing the reproductive characteristics of this species are pivotal for its conservation. Thus, this study aimed to provide a morphological description of their female reproductive tissues. We collected tissue samples from six female giant anteaters, and performed gross, morphological, and histochemical analyses. Five adult and one young subjects were enrolled in the study. In the ovary, classifications were made according to the follicle and oocyte sizes: primordial, primary, secondary, early antral, or antral. Typical follicles with a single oocyte surrounded by a simple or stratified layer of cubic epithelium, atretic follicles, corpora lutea, corpora albicans, and ovarian cysts were also observed. No ovarian lesions were observed. By contrast, endometritis, metritis, mucometra, and endometrial cysts were identified in the uterus. Uterine alterations in these subjects were frequent and could affect reproduction.
Animal Welfare in the Polish Veterinary Code of Ethics Versus Selected Veterinary Codes of Ethics
Authors: Tracz Michał , Jackowska-Tracz Agnieszka , Dzikowski Andrzej
Published: July 2023

The practice of the veterinary profession is regulated by public law and corporate regulations. The most fundamental corporate regulations of veterinary associations, to which membership is a condition of practising the profession, are the codes of veterinary ethics. The codes of ethics contain five basic rules for practising veterinary responsibilities to animals, clients, the public, the veterinary team, and the veterinarians themselves. Veterinarians are often faced with dilemmas about whose interests to protect; this is due to the tasks the profession carries out while protecting the animals of their owners and the public. Ethical principles are a guideline for veterinarians in difficult situations. Depending on the hierarchy of values imposed by codes of ethics, different decisions can be made. In this article, we present the importance that the Polish code of veterinary ethics gives to animal welfare as an obligation of veterinarians towards animals and compare how animal welfare is positioned in the European, American, British and New Zealand codes of veterinary ethics. In contrast to other codes, the Polish code of veterinary ethics does not sufficiently recognise animal welfare as a value to be protected in the practice of the profession.
Magnetic Properties and Reminiscent Rare Earth-Cobalt Coupling in RCo3B2 Compounds
Authors: Burzo Emil , Vlaic Petru
Published: July 2023

The magnetic properties of RCo3B2 compounds, with heavy rare earths, are investigated by using magnetic measurements and electronic structure calculations. The cobalt sublattice magnetizations are very small and antiparallel oriented to rare earths moments. Contributions of cobalt moments to the Curie constants were also shown. The cobalt magnetic behavior has been analyzed in spin fluctuations model. The presence of short-range order above the Curie temperatures in RCo3B2 compounds with R=Tb, Dy, and Ho has been attributed to reminiscent R5d-Co3d interactions.
Development and Characterization of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Films Based on Potato Starch Incorporating Viola Odorata Extract to Improve the Shelf Life of Chicken Fillets
Authors: Nikmanesh Ali , Baghaei Homa , Mohammadi Nafchi Abdorreza
Published: July 2023

In this research, the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of active films based on potato starch containing Viola odorata extract (VOE) were investigated both in vitro and in chicken fillets. The VOE was added to the starch film formulation at 0, 1, 2, and 3% (w/v). The results showed that by increasing the extract level, the total phenol content and antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium improved remarkability. The results of meat tests indicated significant antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of active films containing different levels of VOE in chicken fillets, and a direct relationship was observed between the concentration of the extract and the functional activity of the films, so with the increase in the concentration of the extract in the films, the rate of lipid oxidation and growth of microorganisms in chicken fillets decreased significantly during the storage period, and less volatile nitrogen bases, metmyoglobin, and oxidation products were produced in the fillets. In general, the results of this research demonstrated that active film based on potato starch containing VOE (especially 2 and 3% levels) has the ability to extend the oxidative and microbiological shelf life of chicken fillets during cold storage for at least eight days.
Can High-Fidelity Patient Simulation Be Used for Skill Development in First-Year Undergraduate Students After Coronaviral Pandemic
Authors: Wong Florence M.F , Chan Alice . M.L , Lee Natalie P.M. , Nursing Kevin K.H.
Published: July 2023

High-fidelity patient simulation (HFPS) is widely used in professional training to enhance students’ competence in clinical management. Problem-solving (PS) and clinical reasoning (CR) skills are essential to developing students in professional competence in safe and effective care. These two skills should be initiated at the early training. However, little is known about the effects of HFPS on developing PS and CR skills in first year undergraduate students. Therefore, this pre- and post-experimental study aimed to investigate the effects of HFPS on development of PS and CR skills in first-year nursing students. The students were required to go through four sessions, preparation, pre-briefing and orientation, simulation role-playing, and debriefing, for the HFPS. The study utilized the Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI) and the Nurses Clinical Reasoning Scale (NCRS) to measure problem-solving and clinical reasoning abilities before and after HFPS. Bivariate analysis, one-sample t-test, and independent t-test were performed to evaluate the performance of the PS and CR skills at the two study periods. One hundred eighty-nine students were recruited, with a mean age of 20.56 years, and 73% were female students. The analytic results showed that the PSI, particularly in domains of Problem-Solving Confidence (PSC) (p<0.001) and overall PS (p<0.001), and the CR (p<0.001) had significant improvement after HFPS. The study concluded that HFPS is an effective innovative method to significantly improve students’ problem-solving and clinical reasoning abilities. Nurse educators play an important role in providing explicit learning instructions in a simulation guideline that directs and guides students to learn at each stage of HFPS. Students should take more initiative and engage in their learning through HFPS to enhance their competence in knowledge and higher intellectual skills for personal and professional developments.
Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Perceptions of livestock stakeholders on Antimicrobial Use in Kenya
Authors: Omolo Jack O. , Omani Ruth , Caudell Mark A. , Kimani Tabitha , Kiambi Stella , Fasina Folorunso Oludayo
Published: July 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a challenge in Kenya, while the extent remains unknown. To assess the knowledge, cultural beliefs, practices, and behavioral patterns among multisectoral stakeholders in Kenya. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2021 among farmers, animal health service providers and AMR researchers. Regional digital data collection tool developed by FAO was shared and responses obtained through mail, phone calls and direct interviews. Descriptive and inferential analysis were conducted. Antimicrobials were mostly sourced from agro-veterinary shops and from veterinary professionals. Farmers, often implement self-treatment and reported overuse, unnecessary use, and sometimes fail to complete the dosage in livestock. More farmers reported to have heard about antibiotics as compared to antimicrobials, mostly from friends and radio program, however only 9.2% could correctly differentiate the two. Animal Health Service Providers (AHSP) were the source of information to farmers regarding AMR. AHSPs mainly relied on suppliers and distributors for information about antibiotics. Both farmers and AHSPs treated viral infections with antibiotics. One Health Partners (OHPs) had higher knowledge and largely favorable attitudes towards AMR. Up to 72.7% of OHPs from training institutions had AMR included in training curriculum however, they were optimistic livestock farmers and government were less concerned about AMR. Gaps in knowledge and practice on Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) were observed in all categories of stakeholders. Given the documented knowledge-practice gap, innovative solutions are needed for both AHSPs and farmers to promote good antimicrobial stewardship practices and to mitigate burdens of AMR. Outcomes of this research should deepen the understanding of critical information and trigger behavioral change in usage and stewardship of antimicrobials.
Selective Functionalization of Carbonyl Closo-Decaborate [2-B10H9CO]¯ with Building Block Properties via Grignard Reagents
Authors: Mahfouz Nadine , Abi Ghaida Fatima , Kotob Wael , Mehdi Ahmad , Naoufal Daoud
Published: July 2023

A green, fast and selective approach for the synthesis of mono-substituted closo-decaborate derivatives [2-B10H9COR]n– has been established via a nucleophilic addition reaction between the carbonyl derivative of closo-decaborate [2-B10H9CO]– and the corresponding Grignard reagent RMgX, where R is the ethyl, iso-propyl, pentyl, allyl, vinyl, and propynyl groups. This approach is accomplished under mild conditions with 70–80% yields. The significance of these derivative is their ability to constitute building blocks for polymeric integration via the allyl, vinyl and propynyl substituents. All products were characterized by 11B, 1H, and 13C NMR, elemental analysis and mass spectrometry.
Micronuclei among Individuals from Three Colombian Mining Contexts Exposed to Pesticides and Chemical Element Mixtures
Authors: Varona-Uribe Marcela E , Díaz Sonia-Mireya , Palma Ruth-Marien , Briceño-Ayala Leonardo , Trillos-Peña Carlos , Téllez Eliana , Espitia-Pérez Lyda , Pastor-Sierra Karina , Espitia-Pérez Pedro , Idrovo Alvaro J
Published: July 2023

The contexts where there is mining and agriculture activities are potential sources of risk to human health due to contamination by chemical mixtures. This study explored the association between the frequency of micronuclei and pesticides in regions with ferronickel (Montelibano, Córdoba) and gold (Nechí, Antioquia) mining, and a closed native mercury mine (Aranzazu, Caldas). A cross-sectional study was carried out with 247 residents in the mining regions. Sociodemographic, occupational, and toxicological variables were ascertained. Blood and urine samples were taken for pesticide analysis (12 organochlorines, organophosphates, and carbamates), 68 chemical elements were quantified in hair, and micronuclei (MN) were quantified in lymphocytes. The mixtures of chemical elements were grouped through exploratory factor analysis. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated with robust variance Poisson regressions to explore associations. The highest concentrations of chemical elements were in the active mines. The potentially most toxic chemical mixture was observed in the ferronickel mine. Pesticides were detected in a low proportion of participants. The frequency of MN was similar in the three mining contexts. There was great heterogeneity in the exposure to pesticides and chemical elements. The “hormetic effect” of selenium is described, in which at low doses it acts as a chelator and at high doses it can enhance the toxic effects of other elements. It is proposed that future studies in mining contexts include the measurement of chemical mixtures to better assess exposure and potential adverse health effects.
Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Assisted by Partial Least-Squares Regression for Multi-Gas Measurements
Authors: Rasmussen Andreas N. , Thomsen Benjamin L. , Christensen Jesper B. , Petersen Jan C. , Lassen Mikael
Published: July 2023

We report on the use of quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) for multi-gas detection. Photo-acoustic (PA) spectra of mixtures of water (H2O), ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4) were measured in the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range using a MIR (mid-infrared) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) light source. Highly overlapping absorption spectra is a common challenge for gas spectroscopy. To mitigate this, we use a partial least-squares regression (PLS) method to estimate the mixing ratio and concentrations of the individual gasses. The concentration range explored in the analysis varies from a few parts-per-million (ppm) to thousands of ppm. Spectra obtained from HITRAN and experimental single-molecule reference spectra of each of the molecular species were acquired and used as training data sets. These spectra were used to generate simulated spectra of the gas mixtures (linear combinations of the reference spectra). Here in this proof-of-concept experiment we demonstrate that after an absolute calibration of the QEPAS cell, the PLS analyses could be used to determine concentrations of single molecular species with a relative accuracy within a few % for mixtures of H2O, NH3 and CH4 and with an absolute sensitivity of approximately 300(±50) ppm/V, 50(±5) ppm/V and 5(±2) ppm/V for water, ammonia and methane, respectively. Thus, demonstrating that QEPAS assisted by PLS is a powerful approach to estimate concentrations of individual gas components with considerable spectral overlap, which is a typical scenario for real-life adoptions and applications.
Detection of Di-Butyl Phthalate in Surface Water by Fluorescence Polarization Assay and Gas Chromatography -Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Mukhametova Liliya I , Karimova Madina R , Zharikova Olga G , Pirogov Andrey V. , Levkina Valentina V. , Chichkanova Ekaterina S. , Liu Liqiang , Xu Chuanlai , Eremin Sergei A.
Published: July 2023

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is widely used as a plasticizer in the production of polymeric materials to give them flexibility, strength and extensibility. However, due to its negative impact on human health, in particular, reproductive function and fetal development, the content of DBP must be controlled in food and environmental objects. The present study aims to develop a sensitive, fast and simple polarization fluorescent immunoassay (FPIA) using monoclonal antibodies derived against DBP (MAb-DBP) for its detection in open waters. New conjugates of DBP with various fluorescein derivatives were obtained and characterized: 5-aminomethylfluorescein (AMF) and dichlorotriazinylaminofluorescein (DTAF). The advantages of using the DBP-AMF conjugate in the FPIA method are shown, the kinetics of binding of this drug with antibodies is studied, the analysis is optimized, and the concentration of monoclonal antibodies is selected for sensitive analysis - 16 nM. The calibration dependence of the fluorescence polarization signal for the detection of DBP was obtained. The observed IC50 (40 ng/mL) and LOD (10 ng/mL) values were improved by a factor of 35 for the previously described FPIA using polyclonal antibodies. This technique was tested by the added/found method, the percentage of DBP discovery in water ranged from 85 to 110%. Using the developed method, real water samples from Lake Onega were tested, and a good correlation was shown between the results of the determination of DBP by the FPIA method and GC-MS/MS. Thus, the FPIA method developed in this work can be used to determine DBP in open water reservoirs.
Inhomogeneous Canham-Helfrich Abscission in Catenoid Necks under Critical Membrane Mosaicity
Authors: Santiago José Antonio , Monroy Francisco
Published: July 2023

The mechanical effects of membrane compositional inhomogeneities are analyzed in a process analogous of neck formation in cellular membranes. We cast on the Canham-Helfrich model of fluid membranes with both the spontaneous curvature and the surface tension being non-homogeneous functions along the cell membrane. The inhomogeneous distribution is determined by the equilibrium mechanical equations and the boundary conditions as considered in the axisymmetric setting compatible with the necking process. To establish the role played by mechanical inhomogeneity, we focus on the catenoid, a surface of zero mean curvature. Analytic solutions are shown to exist for the spontaneous curvature and the constrictive forces in terms of the border-radii. Our theoretical analysis shows that the inhomogeneous distribution of spontaneous curvature in a mosaic-like neck constrictional forces potentially contributing to the membrane scission under minimized work in living cells.
Thermal Eﬀects on Optical Chirality, Mechanics, and Associated Symmetry Properties
Authors: Lee Hyoung-In , Vaidya Tanvi , Dwivedi Ram Prakash
Published: July 2023

A review is here provided about the thermal effects on the optical chirality. To this goal, chiral objects dispersed in an embedding fluid are examined for their magnetoelectric coupling. Thermal effects on several chiral meta-atoms and their ensembles are examined. To this goal, DNA-like helical structures are examined in detail. Mechanical aspect of thermo-elasticity is reviewed along with transverse deformations, while drawing analogies from condensed-matter physics. In this respect, chirality-induced spin selection is reviewed along with the temperature-mediated elec-tron-phonon interactions. A wide range of materials such as polymers and biological cells are also examined for temperature effects. A transition temperature delineating a sign flip in the chirality parameter is identified as well. Chirality-associated functionalities such as ratchet motions, switching, and modulations are investigated for their respective thermal effects. Issues of fabri-cating chiral meta-atoms are also discussed.
A Glass-Fiber Optic Turbidity Sensor for Real-Time In-Situ Water Quality Monitoring
Authors: Vu Chi-Thanh , Zahrani Amir Ahmadi , Duan Lingze , Wu Tingting
Published: July 2023

Turbidity is an important water quality parameter, especially for drinking water. The ability to actively monitor the turbidity level in Drinking Water Distribution Systems is of critical importance to the safety and wellbeing of the public. Traditional turbidity monitoring methods involve manual collection of water samples at set locations and times followed by laboratory analysis, which are labor intensive and time consuming. Fiber-optic measurement permits real-time, in-situ turbidity monitoring. But the current technology is based on plastic fibers, which suffer from high optical attenuation and hence are unsuitable for large-scale remote monitoring. In this paper, we report the demonstration of a fiber-optic turbidity sensor based on multi-mode glass fibers. The system uses a single fiber to both deliver laser light into the water sample and collect the back-scattered light for detection. A balanced-detection scheme is utilized to remove the common-mode noise to enhance the turbidity sensitivity. Highly linear turbidity responses are obtained and a turbidity resolution as low as 0.1 NTU is achieved. The test unit is also shown to have excellent reproducibility against repeated measurements and good stability against temperature changes. Turbidity measurement in real environmental matrices such as tap water and pond water is also reported with an assessment of the impact of flow rate. This work demonstrates the feasibility of future large scale distributed fiber-optic turbidity monitoring networks.
Insight and Recommendations for Fragile X Premutation Associated Conditions from the 5th International Conference on FMR1 Premutation
Authors: Tassone Flora , Protic Dragana , Allen Emily , Archibald Alison D. , Baud Anna , Brown W Ted , Budimirovic Dejan B. , Cohen Jonathan , Dufour Brett , Eiges Rachel , Elvassore Nicola , Gabis Lidia V. , Grudzien Samantha J , Hall Deborah , Hessl David , Hogan Abigail , Hunter Jessica Ezzell , Jin Peng , Jiraanont Poonnada , Klusek Jessica , Kooy R. Frank , Kraan Claudine M , Laterza Cecilia , Lee Andrea , Lipworth Karen , Losh Molly , Loesch Danuta Z , Lozano Reymundo , Mailick Marsha , Manolopoulos Apostolos , Martínez-Cerdeño Verónica , McLennan Yingratana Amabel , Miller Robert M. , Montanaro Alice , Mosconi Matthew W. , Potter Sarah , Raspa Melissa , Rivera Susan M. , Shelly Katharine , Todd Peter K. , Tutak Katarzyna , Wang Jun Yi , Wheeler Anne C , Winarni Tri Indah , Zafarullah Marwa , Hagerman Randi
Published: July 2023

The premutation of the fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) gene is characterized by an expansion of the CGG trinucleotide repeats (55 to 200 CGGs) in the 5' untranslated region, and increased levels of FMR1 mRNA. Molecular mechanisms leading to fragile X premutation-associated conditions (FXPAC) include co-transcriptional R loop formations, FMR1 mRNA toxicity through both RNA gelation into nuclear foci, and sequestration of various CGG re-peat-binding proteins, and repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) initiated translation of potentially toxic proteins. Such molecular mechanisms contribute to subsequent consequences, including mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal death. Clinically, premutation carriers may exhibit a wide range of symptoms and phenotypes. Any of the problems associated with the premutation, can appropriately be called FXPAC. Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI), and fragile X-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (FXAND) can fall under FXPAC. Understanding the molecular and clinical aspects of the premutation of the FMR1 gene is crucial for accurate diagnosis, genetic counseling, and appropriate management of affected individuals and families. This paper summarizes all the known problems associated with the premutation and documents the presentations and discussions that occurred at the International Premutation Conference, which took place in New Zealand in 2023.