bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved reliability assessment of backup battery storage integrated with power supply system in a building
Authors: Othman Muhammad Murtadha , Jamaluddin Muhamad Amirul Naim Mohd , Fauzi Faisal , Musirin Ismail , Othman Mohammad Lutfi
Published: December 2019

This paper presents the improved analysis of reliability for battery storage used in power system. The reliability assessment of this paper includes the evaluation of reliability of the system components, battery module and power electronic components. Battery storage is considered as one of energy storage and energy source that commonly used in power system. The evaluation of the reliability of power systems utilising with the storage batteries is performed by using the Markov chain process. The computation of the reliability is conducted by referring to the generated reliability block begins from power supply system. Every part of the system is evaluated regarding two specific states that are in normal or failure mode. By using the Markov method, the system unavailability and failure frequency can be computed.This paper presents the improved analysis of reliability for battery storage used in power system. The reliability assessment of this paper includes the evaluation of reliability of the system components, battery module and power electronic components. Battery storage is considered as one of energy storage and energy source that commonly used in power system. The evaluation of the reliability of power systems utilising with the storage batteries is performed by using the Markov chain process. The computation of the reliability is conducted by referring to the generated reliability block begins from power supply system. Every part of the system is evaluated regarding two specific states that are in normal or failure mode. By using the Markov method, the system unavailability and failure frequency can be computed.
Detailed modeling of two diode photovoltaic module using MATLAB simulik
Authors: Assia Habbati Bellia , Fatima Moulay Benine
Published: December 2019

This paper proposes an accurate model of Photovoltaic Module. The model is presented in details and simulated by Matlab Simulink. The PV module is presented as a two diode model with the series’ and parallels’ resistances. The method is used to obtain the parameters of the module by using data provided by the manufacturer. To verify the accuracy of the proposed model, a comparison is done between the present results and those in a previous paper in which the single diode detailed model was studied. The same type of modules (PWX 500) is used to compare and validate results. The weather data as illumination and temperature are taken as input variables when current and Power are output variables. For the validation of the proposed model, it is used to power a resistive load by using a boost converter controlled by à Maximum Power Point Tracking method. The proposed method is very detailed and can be useful for PV researchers for their works.
Cogeneration of energy in solar systems - a study case, Kosovo
Authors: Hoxha Bukurije , Selimaj Rexhep , Krasniqi Drenusha , Osmanaj Sabrije
Published: December 2019

Nowadays the main goal of sustainable energy supply is the use of renewable energy sources and, in addition, the increased efficiency of the energy used. One possibility of using renewable energies is the use of solar energy through photovoltaic panels. Taking into account the meteorological characteristics of the country in which the study takes place, it appears that the use of photovoltaic panels will be available most of the time during the year. We applied a model of hybrid solar collectors for maintaining the cell temperature near 25°C by introducing a flat plate cover integrated with solar cells. This method represents a way to increase the efficiency of the solar collector. This will enable the production of electricity from the part of the photovoltaic panel incorporated into the solar collector, in which the water temperature will increase, and this heat from the water is due to the effect of sunlight and as a result of cooling the part of the photovoltaic panel. This represents an increase in the efficiency of the system and the main purpose of our analysis.
Application of artificial intelligence techniques for LFC and AVR systems using PID controller
Authors: Salman Ghassan Abdullah , Jafar Assama Sahib , Ismael Ammar Issa
Published: December 2019

Development of electrical power systems led to search for  a new mathematical methods to find the values of PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller. The goal of the paper is to improve the performance of the overall system, through improved the frequency deviation and the voltage deviation characteristics using PID controller, so in this paper are proposed three methods of artificial intelligence techniques for designing the optimal values of PID controller of Load-Frequency-Control (LFC) and Automatic-Voltage-Regulator (AVR), the first is the Firefly Algorithm (FA), the second is the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and the third is the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), in addition to these three methods use the conventional (Ziegler–Nichols, Z-N). The FA, GA and PSO are used to obtain the optimal parameters of PID controller based on minimized different various indices as a fitness function, these fitness functions namely Integral-Time-Absolute-Error (ITAE) and Integral-Time-Square-Error (ITSE). Comparison between the results obtained show that FA has better performance to control of frequency deviation and terminal voltage than GA and PSO, so the results observed the FA is more effectual and reliable to determine the optimal values of PID controller.
Dead time influence on operating modes of transistor resonant inverter with pulse frequency modulation (PFM)
Authors: Antchev Mihail Hristov , Antchev Hristo Mihailov
Published: December 2019

This study explores the impact of dead-time on the transistor resonant inverter operating modes depending on the ratio of the transistor switching frequency and the resonant frequency of the series-resonance circuit in the diagonal of the transistor bridge. On the basis of theoretical data and experimental results, a dead-time limitation relation has been offered - besides for a minimum value but for a maximum value. This provides extension of the operating mode range in zero voltage switching (ZVS).
Research on hybrid SHEPWM based on different switching patterns
Authors: Jing Tao , Maklakov Alexander , Radionov Andrey , Baskov Sergei , Kulmukhametova Aleksandra
Published: December 2019

This paper presents a hybrid pulse width modulation (HPWM) strategy based on different switching patterns of selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation (SHEPWM) for the three-level neutral point clamped (3L-NPC) converter. Specific low-order harmonics can be eliminated by SHEPWM at low switching frequency, while the remaining high-order harmonics can be selected to be simply filtered by additional hardware. Large oscillation waveform usually occurs in the transition instant between two diverse modulation situations, therefore switching between distinct switching patterns can be problematic if no effective means is taken, especially when the effect of smooth and fast transition at any time is considerable. A universal and valid control strategy, which maintains the high-quality output voltage and current, is proposed and implemented in this paper to address this issue. Simulation results obtained from MATLAB/SIMULINK are presented to analyze the performance and validate the feasibility and effectiveness of this control scheme.
A multilevel UPQC for voltage and current quality improvement in distribution system
Authors: Nagi Reddy Varampati Veera , Kumar D.V Ashok , Kota Venkata Reddy
Published: December 2019

Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is substantial power conditioner in power system to filter the power system parameters with an objective to improve the quality of power delivered to the customers/utility point. This paper presents a multi-level UPQC to enhance the quality in power distribution system. The series and shunt controllers of UPQC gives out five leveled output which is further filtered to feed compensating signals to improve voltage and current profiles in power distribution system. Series and shunt controllers of UPQC are structured with cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) topology to deliver compensating signals. Two separate control strategies are employed to regulate the power switches of 5-level CHB series and shunt controllers of UPQC. Sag and swell in source voltage and harmonics in source current are strained with UPQC. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
Power smoothing method of PMSG based grid integrated wind energy conversion system using BESS/DSTATCOM
Authors: N. S. Jayalakshmi , Gaonkar D. N. , Jain Sanchit Kumar
Published: December 2019

The output of the PMSG based wind energy conversion system (WECS) is fluctuating in nature due to intermittency of wind speed. The distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) incorporated with the battery energy storage system (BESS) is used to smooth the power produced from wind generator system. The control strategy of BESS/DSTATCOM and its integration to mitigate the power fluctuations of grid connected WECS is presented. Three-leg three-phase voltage source converter (VSC) based DSTATCOM is used and the battery current is controlled to smooth the net power injected to the utility grid from wind power generation system. The control strategy implemented has the capability of supplying the required amount of power to the utility with help of batteries. The PQ control strategy is employed to control the three-phase inverter for managing power exchange with the utility grid. The real time wind speed data is considered for the simulation study of the system. The effectiveness of the control strategy of the system is validated through the simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Enhancement transient stability of wind power system of doubly-fed induction generator using STATCOM and PI controller
Authors: A. Alhalim Shaimaa Shukri , Alnabi Lubna A.
Published: December 2019

Wind energy is a promising source of electricity in the world and fastest-growing. Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) systems dominate and widely used in wind power system because of their advantages over other types of generators, such as working at different speeds and not needing continuous maintenance. In this paper used the PI controller and Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device specifically static compensator (STATCOM) to investigate the effect of the controller and FACTS device on the system. PI controller tuning by Particle Swarm Optimization technique (PSO) to limit or reduced the fault current in (DFIG) system. The responses of different kinds of faults have been presented like; two lines to ground faults and three lines to ground faults at different operating conditions. Faults are applied to three proposed controllers; the first controller is the Proportional-Integral (PI), the second controller is PI-controller based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PI-PSO) technique and STATCOM. A reactive power static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is used, the main aim for the use of STATCOM is to improve the stability of a wind turbine system in addition to this is improving voltages profile, reduce power losses, treatment of power flow in overloaded transmission lines. The simulation programming is implemented using MATLAB program.
Efficiency investigation of SS and SP compensation topologies for wireless power transfer
Authors: Rehman Masood , Nallagownden Perumal , Baharudin Zuhairi
Published: December 2019

Wireless power transfer (WPT) using inductive and resonant coupling has been widely explored in recent years for ease and safety over conventional cable charging systems. The efficiency of WPT systems is reducing drastically due to an increase in air-gaps and misalignment between transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx). Many circuit topologies have been analyzed to improve the efficiency of WPT system based on symmetrical coils. However, the circuit topologies have not been studied widely for unsymmetrical coils. This paper presents the investigation of two fundamental topologies i.e. Series-Series (SS) and Series-Parallel (SP) for unsymmetrical coils as well as symmetrical coils. Theoretical analysis of both the compensation topologies have been accomplished, then modeling of both the topologies have been done using two different combination of circular coils. In first case, two similar size coils have been designed and in second case transmitter coil of higher dimensions than receiver coil is designed. The efficiency of the system has been analyzed at multiple distances in both cases by integrating coil structure with the circuit. The overall result show that when Tx is bigger than Rx, the SP topology gives better efficiency than SS counterpart.
Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) in a complex voltage disturbance compensation
Authors: Mansor Muhammad Alif , Othman Muhammad Murtadha , Musirin Ismail , Noor Siti Zaliha Mohammad
Published: December 2019

Nowadays, a distribution network is operating in a stressful manner because of a complex voltage disturbance stirred by its nonlinear, intensified, sensitive and complex loading condition with vast proliferation of electronic equipment required for the integration of renewable energy. A distribution network that mostly inflicted by the complex voltage disturbance can be referred to as the merge of stationary voltage disturbances with a short duration voltage disturbance under a nonlinear loading condition. Therefore, the dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) integrating with the battery bank will have enough energy storage to overcome long and deep complex voltage disturbance that occurs in a distribution network installed with the photovoltaic (PV) system. The results are obtained with satisfactorily findings in compensating the complex voltage disturbance using DVR.
Proportional resonant current controller strategy in inverter application
Authors: Salimin S. , Noor A.F.M. , Jumaat S. A.
Published: December 2019

This paper presents the method of proportional resonant current controller strategy in inverter system application. In this study, the mathematical modelling of the controller is shown in detail. This is important for the modelling in Matlab Simulink. Nowadays, the decrement of power quality is easily found in this inverter system where inverter extensively used as interface circuits. To solve this problem, proportional resonant current controller is the solution. At resonant frequency, this controller has infinite gain which ensures a zero steady-state error in a stationary frame. This will result in minimized load current distortion as well as the harmonic contents. At the end, simulation result shows when using PR current controller, the unwanted harmonics injection are much reduced.
PSO based Direct Power Control for a Multifunctional Grid Connected Photovoltaic System
Authors: Mohamed Rida Bengourina , Rahli M. , Slami S. , Hassaine L.
Published: December 2019

This paper presents a grid-connected photovoltaic system (PV) used as a shunt active power filter (SAPF) to provide the power factor correction, harmonic elimination, reactive power compensation and to simultaneously supply power from a PV system to the utility. A direct power control (DPC) method is used for controlling the system to feed the photovoltaic energy in synchronization with grid and provide power quality improvement. The PI parameters of DC-link voltage controller are tuned using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm without the need for an exact mathematical model of system. This PI-PSO controller gives better results for robustness, harmonic minimization and reduces the overshoot and undershoots of PI controller. The overall control of system is tested in Matlab/Simulink environment. Then, the simulations results demonstrate the robustness and feasibility of proposed method.
High Gain Non Isolated DC-DC Step-up Converters Integrated with Active and Passive Switched Inductor Networks
Authors: Mamun M. Al , Sarowar Golam , Hoque Md. Ashraful , Shawon Mehedi Azad
Published: December 2019

High gain dc-dc step up converters have been used in renewable energy systems, for example, photovoltaic grid connected system and fuel cell power plant to step up the low level dc voltage to a high level dc bus voltage. If the conventional boost converter is to meet this demand, it should be operated at an extreme duty cycle (duty cycle closes to unity), which will cause electromagnetic interference, reverse recovery problem and conduction loss at the power switches. This paper proposes a class of non-isolated dc-dc step up converters which provide very high voltage gain at a small duty cycle (duty cycle < 0.5). Firstly, the converter topologies are derived based on active switched inductor network and combination of active and passive switched inductor networks; secondly, the modes of operation of proposed active switched inductor converter and combined active and passive switched inductor converter are illustrated; thirdly, the performance of the proposed converters are analyzed mathematically in details and compared with conventional boost converter. Finally, the analysis is verified by simulation results.
Experimental Verification of Single Phase Z Source Inverter for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Vasudevan Saravanan , Aravindan M. , Balaji V. , Arumugam M.
Published: December 2019

A single phase Z source inverter is developed for better voltage boosting and inversion ability suited for photovoltaic power generation systems. The operation of the Z source inverter is described with relevant equations. Simple boost scheme is used for switching actions of the inverter. The performance of the inverter used for photovoltaic applications can be checked with simulation and experimental results, which prove that it has single-stage buck and boost capability and improved reliability.
Single Phase Asymmetrical Cascaded MLI with Extreme Output Voltage Levels to Switch Ratio
Authors: Ahmed Mahrous , Hendawi Essam , Metwaly Mohamed K.
Published: December 2019

This paper proposes an asymmetrical cascaded single phase H-bridge inverter. The proposed inverter consists of two modules with unequal and isolated dc sources. Each module is composed of dc source, conventional four switches H-bridge and single bidirectional switch. To increase the output voltage levels, the tertiary ratio, 1:3, between its two dc sources is adopted. Both the fundamental frequency and the multicarrier pulse width modulation (PWM) control schemes are employed to generate switches signals. By controlling the inverter modulation index, the proposed inverter can generate an output voltage having up to seventeen levels by using only two modules. The proposed topology has also the feature of modularity which means that it can be extended to any levels by adding new modules. The proposed topology is simulated using an inductive load and some selected simulation results have been provided to validate the proposed inverter.
Modeling and Simulation of Grid Connected Hybrid Energy System and its Fault Analysis
Authors: Bhuyan Sujit Kumar , Hota Prakash Kumar , Panda Bhagabata
Published: December 2019

This paper represents a hybrid energy system (HES) consisting of photovoltaic (PV), Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), electrolyzer system and a storage tank. In this proposed system a fuel cell controller is used where a PID controller is utilized to control the flow of hydrogen (H2) through the valve to the SOFC to fulfill the load requirement. In this model a supervisory controller is used to regulate the whole system according to load requirement. So, when PV power is more than load requirement, then PV power fulfill the required load demand as well as the extra power of PV is utilized to generate the hydrogen (H2) by the help of electrolyzer, further this hydrogen is used as a fuel of SOFC. Also in this proposed model different types of faults are considered and verified their effect on the load as well as in distribution network. The computer simulations are done for the purpose technology and verified its effectiveness. Hence the appropriate results are obtained.
The Resistance Comparison Method Using Integral Controller for Photovoltaic Emulator
Authors: Ayop Razman , Wei Tan Chee , Siong Lim Cheng
Published: December 2019

A Photovoltaic (PV) emulator is a device that produces a similar output as the PV module and it is useful for testing the PV generation system. This paper present a new and simple control strategy for the PV emulator using the combination of the Resistance Comparison Method with the Integral Controller. The closed-loop buck converter system with the current-mode controlled and the single diode model are used for the PV emulator. The results obtained from the proposed PV emulator are compared with the conventional PV emulator using the Direct Referencing Method as the control strategy. The proposed PV emulator produces a more accurate output, 74 % faster transient response, and a lower output voltage ripple compared to the conventional PV emulator.
Uncertain DC-DC Zeta Converter Control in Convex Polytope Model Based on LMI Approach
Authors: Sarkawi Hafez , Ohta Yoshito
Published: December 2019

A dc-dc zeta converter is a switch mode dc-dc converter that can either step-up or step-down dc input voltage. In order to regulate the dc output voltage, a control subsystem needs to be deployed for the dc-dc zeta converter. This paper presents the dc-dc zeta converter control. Unlike conventional dc-dc zeta converter control which produces a controller based on the nominal value model, we propose a convex polytope model of the dc-dc zeta converter which takes into account parameter uncertainty. A linear matrix inequality (LMI) is formulated based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problem to find the state-feedback controller for the convex polytope model. Simulation results are presented to compare the control performance between the conventional LQR and the proposed LMI based controller on the dc-dc zeta converter. Furthermore, the reduction technique of the convex polytope is proposed and its effect is investigated.
A New Seven Level Symmetrical Inverter with Reduced Switch Count
Authors: V. Thiyagarajan , P. Somasundaram
Published: December 2019

Multilevel inverters offers less distortion and less electro-magnetic interference compared with other conventional inverters and hence, it can be used in many industrial and commercial applications.  This paper analyze the performance of the modified single phase seven level symmetrical inverter using minimum number of switches. The proposed topology consists of six switches and two dc sources, and produces seven level output voltage waveform during symmetric operation. The cost and size of the propsoed inverter minimum as it uses minimum number of components, The performance of the proposed multilevel inverter is analysed for different switching angles and the corresponding simulation results are presented. The simulation of the proposed inverter is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink software.
Grid Connected Inverter for Current Control by Using Anti-Islanding Technique
Authors: Rajanna B V , Srikanth K S
Published: December 2019

The inverter with critical loads should be able to provide critical loads with a stable and seamless voltage during control mode change as well as clearing time. The indirect current control has been proposed for providing stable voltage with critical load during clearing time and seamless control mode transfer of inverters. However, the islanding detection is difficult since with the indirect current control the magnitude and frequency of voltage do not change when the islanding occurs. The conventional anti-islanding method based on the magnitude and frequency of voltage variation cannot apply to the indirect current control. This paper proposes an islanding detection method for the indirect current control. The proposed islanding detection method can detect the islanding using reactive power perturbation and observation when the frequency and magnitude of voltage don’t vary during clearing time. In order to verify the proposed anti-islanding method, the experimental results of a 600W three-phase inverter are provided.
Henri Lefebvre: a problemática urbana em sua determinação espacial
Authors: Carlos Ana Fani
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é esboçar o momento em que o espaço se configura como elemento constitutivo da problemática urbana na obra produzida por Henri Lefebvre. Ao longo do século xx, a partir de um ponto de inflexão marcado pela ruptura provocada pelo conjunto de transformações que anunciam a modernidade, encontra-se o evento crucial. O pensamento de Henri Lefebvre sobre a cidade e o urbano é retomado, por um lado, localizando o urbano no movimento de passagem da historicidade à espacialidade e, por outro, o “direito à cidade”, que projeta o pensamento e a ação para o futuro, prolongando a utopia marxista como o negativo do direito tornado objeto encerrado no âmbito da política pública.
Excess Risk for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Outcomes Among US Adults With HIV in the Current Era
Authors: Rosenson Robert S. , Hubbard Demetria , Monda Keri L. , Reading Stephanie R. , Chen Ligong , Dluzniewski Paul J. , Burkholder Greer A. , Muntner Paul , Colantonio Lisandro D.
Published: December 2019

Background

In the 2000s, adults with
HIV
had a higher risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (
ASCVD
) compared with those without
HIV
. There is uncertainty if this excess risk still exists in the United States given changes in antiretroviral therapies and increased statin use.

Methods and Results

We compared the risk for
ASCVD
events between
US
adults aged ≥19 years with and without
HIV
who had commercial or supplemental Medicare health insurance between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2016. Beneficiaries with
HIV
(n=82 426) were frequency matched 1:4 on age, sex, and calendar year to those without
HIV
(n=329 704). Beneficiaries with and without
HIV
were followed up through December 31, 2016, for
ASCVD
events, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and lower extremity artery disease hospitalizations. Most beneficiaries were aged <55 years (79%) and men (84%). Over a median follow‐up of 1.6 years (maximum, 6 years), there were 3287
ASCVD
events, 2190 myocardial infarctions, 891 strokes, and 322 lower extremity artery disease events. The rate per 1000 person‐years among beneficiaries with and without
HIV
was 5.53 and 3.49 for
ASCVD
, respectively, 3.58 and 2.34 for myocardial infarction, respectively, 1.49 and 0.94 for stroke, respectively, and 0.65 and 0.31 for lower extremity artery disease hospitalizations, respectively. The multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio (95%
CI
) for
ASCVD
, myocardial infarction, stroke, and lower extremity artery disease hospitalizations comparing beneficiaries with versus without
HIV
was 1.29 (1.18–1.40), 1.26 (1.13–1.39), 1.30 (1.11–1.52), and 1.46 (1.11–1.92), respectively.

Conclusions

Adults with
HIV
in the United States continue to have a higher
ASCVD
risk compared with their counterparts without
HIV
.
The Status of China's Market Economy and Structural Reforms: The Issues Behind the U.S.–China Trade War
Authors: Yu Miaojie
Published: December 2019

This paper investigates the most essential issues behind the ongoing U.S.–China trade war. In addition to the apparent bilateral trade imbalance, China's status as a non-market economy (as labelled by the Trump administration) is one of the most fundamental reasons that the United States triggered the U.S.–China trade war. Accordingly, the United States’ most pressing request is to urge China to implement further structural reform. This paper argues that the current Chinese economy is quickly becoming a modern market economy with a unique Chinese character. This is evident from ongoing structural reform to create a competitive environment between state-owned enterprises and private enterprises, and through a further opening-up of the market by guaranteeing a wider and deeper market access for inbound foreign direct investment.
Trade Wars and the Disarray in the Global Trading System: Implications for the Philippines
Authors: Abrenica Maria Joy V. , Guzman Ricardo Rafael S. , Gochoco-Bautista Maria Socorro
Published: December 2019

This study uses the Caliendo and Parro ( 2015 ) multi-sector, multi-country, general equilibrium Ricardian trade model with national and international input-output linkages to assess the impact on welfare of higher tariffs due to the U.S.–China trade war in the case of the Philippines. A sample of 65 countries including a constructed rest of the world is used, with 31 ICIO tradeable and non-tradeable sectors and 2015 as the base year. The constructed scenario is of the U.S.–China tariff tit-for-tat and retaliatory measures taken by Mexico, Canada, EU, Russia, and Turkey against the United States during 2018. The findings show that the Philippines and others in the sidelines could incur larger welfare losses than those directly involved in the conflict, in contrast with the sanguine prediction of other models.
U.S.–China Trade Tensions on Indonesia's Trade and Investment
Authors: Ing Lili Yan , Vadila Yessi
Published: December 2019

Our paper describes how the U.S.–China trade tensions affect Indonesia's trade and investment. The direct impacts come through increasing uncertainties, lower world demand, and diverted East Asian regional production networks. The indirect impacts can be observed in trade and investment reallocations. Amidst the tension, in 2018, the Indonesian economy grew 5.17 percent with reserves of 6.7 months of imports. Its trade with the United States and China grew by 7.5 percent and 23.5 percent, respectively. Although creating opportunities for Indonesia in the short run, trade tensions will repress the world economy. Indonesia understands that trade openness will improve productivity and we believe it will continue its reforms to be more open and integrated into the world economy.
U.S.–China Trade War: Potential Trade and Investment Spillovers into Malaysia
Authors: Yean Tham Siew , Yi Andrew Kam Jia , Ann Tee Beng
Published: December 2019

This study examines the potential impact of the current trade war between the United States and China on Malaysia's trade and investment. For solar exports, the immediate impact from 2017 to 2018 shows that gross and domestic exports to the United States have fallen but re-exports have increased, and Malaysia's exports and re-exports to China have increased. Excluding solar, the increase in gross exports to the United States is borne by re-exports. The possibility of increased investment, as firms relocate from China, is high given the growing presence of China's investment in Malaysia since the announcement of the Belt and Road Initiative.
The Dilemma of Gender Equality: How Labor Market Regulation Divides Women by Class
Authors: Iversen Torben , Rosenbluth Frances McCall , Skorge Øyvind
Published: December 2019

Women shoulder a heavier burden of family work than men in modern society, preventing them from matching male success in the external labor market. Limiting working hours is a plausible way to level the playing field by creating the possibility of less gendered roles for both sexes. But why then are heavily regulated European labor markets associated with a smaller share of women in top management positions compared with liberal market economies such as in the United States? We explain this puzzle with reference to the difficulty of ambitious women to signal their commitment to high-powered careers in regulated markets.
Kinship Structure & Women: Evidence from Economics
Authors: Lowes Sara
Published: December 2019

Economists are increasingly interested in understanding how culture shapes outcomes for women and the origins of these cultural practices. I review recent work in economics on how culture affects the well-being of women in developing countries, much of which is motivated by work in anthropology. I present evidence on the role of kinship structure, particularly matrilineal relative to patrilineal systems, for shaping women's preferences, exposure to domestic violence, and the health and education of children. Additionally, I discuss research on the effects of cultural practices, such as bride-price, and how the organization of production affects gender norms. Economists, with a careful focus on causal identification, contribute to the evidence that culture is an important determinant of outcomes for women.
Role of Essence, Objectives, and Content of Entrepreneurship Education Programs on Their Performance: Moderating Role of Learner Disability in Thailand
Authors: Aeknarajindawat Natnaporn , Karuhawanit Preecha , Maneechay Sumneung
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the role of Essence, objectives, and content of EEP’s on their Performance with the moderating role of learner disability in Thailand. Entrepreneurship education programs are developing quickly to facilitate persons to project into an innovative
business, raise the amount of “Entrepreneurs” and as well as make an influence on the intention and behavior of entrepreneurs. The present paper applies a quantitative methodology. The researcher of this study selected the sample of the study purposely. The researcher of this paper
collected data from educators and students from various universities of Thailand. All the hypotheses of this paper were accepted and has a significant impact on each other. The current research suggests policy makers to be conscious of learner’s needs of entrepreneurship education programs
performance. This research was limited to the Universities of Thailand. Similar researches in other states and in other universities are required to be carried out by simple random sampling technique to assess entrepreneurship education programs.
Can Entrepreneurial Motivation Mediate Between Entrepreneurial Education, Training, and Its Intention? An Empirical Study of Thailand
Authors: Toopgajank Sriparinya , Fongtanakit Ratchada , Charoenwiriyakul Chandej
Published: December 2019

Entrepreneurs take a huge involvement in national economic development. Emerging person’s importance into new business formation signifies a significant advantage, particularly for less emerged nations where entrepreneurial actions are essential in developing an economic expansion.
The current economic crisis turned the concentration of policymakers of Thailand to entrepreneurial education as a motivating strength for the generation of new employment examines local or nationwide competitiveness. The study aim is to examine the association between EE and EI, ET and EI,
and to find out the mediation impact of EM. In order to inspect the EE, entrepreneurial training, entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial intention in the setting of Thailand, this study utilized a quantitative approach dependent upon the respondents to the questionnaire conducted on
a sample of 263 students of the engineering university of Thailand. From the practical standpoint, 4 hypotheses were created and examined utilizing regression analysis results, mediating effects, internal consistency, and reliability of the constructs. The outcomes of the study revealed that
all the hypotheses are supported. Finally, implications are provided which could assist the entrepreneurs of Thailand involved in boosting the efficiency of activities objected at increasing the success of the business.
Driving Entrepreneurial Success in Thailand Through a Triangle of Entrepreneurship Education, Psychological Capital, and Social Competence
Authors: Suksod Pornkul , Somjai Sudawan , Suteerachai Boonsri
Published: December 2019

The main aim of the study is to understand the role of entrepreneurial education in entrepreneurial success and the mediating role of psychological capital and the mediating role of social competences between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial success. The success of business
rises-out of the overall investments in an enterprise. This is not just narrowed to the tangible in-puts only for example “Financial Capital,” however as well as on “In-tangible Resources.” The occupation of entrepreneurship is an extremely stressing work including
taking risks and frequently challenging the amount of work, therefore necessitating mental contributions such as psychological capital and entrepreneurial education and learning. In addition, the job of entrepreneurship as well as includes doing business with other individuals of various positions
involving clients, partners, labor force and investors, therefore necessitating an entrepreneur or business person to show an excessive amount of social competences so as to relate with other individuals. In the current paper, the sample consists of owners and managers of small firms in Thailand.
This paper analyzed the data of owners and managers who are working in micro or small businesses. The sample size of this study consists of 292 respondents. The findings of this paper propose that supporting and educating entrepreneurs or business persons to reinforce their social competence
and psychological strength is vital. This paper will enrich the empirical evidence and literature body. Additionally, various institutes will know from this paper that how much entrepreneurial education is important for the success of the business.
Innovation and Firm’s Success: The Case of Thai-Based High-Tech Firms
Authors: Kerdpitak Chayanan , Somjai Sudawan , Pokmontree Avasada
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the innovation success in Thai-based High-Tech firms with the help of leader’s behavior and organizational values with the mediating role of innovation process. This was done quantitatively. Sample size was 200 employees who worked in
Thai-based high-tech firm. 5-point Likert scale was used employed for data collection and PLS-SEM version 3 was used to analyze the data. The findings of this showed that leadership role and values of the organization play very significant role in ensuring the innovation success through innovation
process in Thai-based High-Tech firms.
Role of Personality Traits and Education Towards the Entrepreneurial Intentions of Students
Authors: Phraudomsitthinayok
Published: December 2019

Positive personality traits have been linked with various positive outcomes such as job performance, job satisfaction etc. However emotional intelligence and creativity have been scarcely linked with the entrepreneurship. Bering in mind the importance of entrepreneurship, present study
has investigated the impact of emotional intelligence, entrepreneurial education and creativity on the entrepreneurial intentions. Data were collected from the students who were in their last semester of their degree. Smart-PLS was used for data analysis. The results of the study revealed
that emotional intelligence has significant positive impact on the entrepreneurial intentions of students. Furthermore, results also showed a significant positive relationship between creativity and entrepreneurial intentions. Finally results also showed a positive relationship between the
entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions. All the hypothesis was supported by the results of the study. Study findings concluded that students who are emotionally intelligent, creative and when they are provided with the quality education regarding the entrepreneurship, their
intentions tend to be more inclined towards the entrepreneurship. Future directions are limitations are provided at the end of the study.
Solar Powered Multi-Controlled Smart Wheelchair for Disabled: Development and Features
Authors: Sharmila A. , Saini Ankur , Choudhary Shubham , Yuvaraja T. , Rahul S. G.
Published: December 2019

As per the report presented by the World Health Organization, it is well aware that 15% of the total world’s population is physically challenged. Accessibility of health care services is limited to people with physical disabilities. The utilization of battery powered wheelchairs
with excellent navigational capabilities is one of the extraordinary strides towards the incorporation of severely physically and mentally challenged people. Motion, movement and localization are significant issues for the blind, paraplegic and handicapped people who are accompanied by eminent
tiresome work. There exist different systems to override the problems described, allowing the end-user to perform safe movements and complete certain daily life tasks. Considering the said issues as a motivation, this work presents the design and development of Solar Powered Multi-Controller
Smart Wheelchair. The developed smart wheelchair uses eye blink sensor to steer the wheelchair for quadriplegia patient along with Joystick and Keypad module for several kinds of disabilities. In addition, more liberty is provided to the disabled person by using additional sensors such as
heartbeat sensor and a temperature sensor which continuously monitors the health condition of the patient. Additionally, a urine level indicator is also used to avoid inconvenience to the patient. If the patient falls down along with a wheelchair, a fall detection system in the wheelchair
detects the same. All the detail can be shared with hospital staff and the patient’s guardian during a contingency condition, so that the staffs and guardians can take immediate actions. The safety of the patient and the wheelchair with respect to the incorporation of solar power is
highly given priority during this system design.
Spontaneous Emission Rate and Radiative Current Density in p-GaAs/i-GaNAsBi/n-GaAs Quantum Well Lasers
Authors: Guizani Ikram Hassouna , Rebey Ahmed Alhadi
Published: December 2019

We have theoretically investigated the 1.55 μm emission of p–i–n GaNAsBi-based quantum wells (QWs) using a self-consistent calculation combined with (16×16) BAC model. Their performances are evaluated in terms of spontaneous emission rate Rsp
and radiative current density Jrad. We have found that Jrad increases as function of the injected carrier density as well as the doping density. The quantum confined Stark effect on radiative current density in ideal lasers is also discussed. The radiative
current density versus well width for simple and double p-GaAs/i-GaN·58yAs1-1·58yBiy/n-GaAs quantum well structures is also examined. We have obtained that Jrad increases with increase
average thickness of GaNAsBi active region. The optimization of well parameters can be used as a basis for GaNAsBi-based lasers intended for optical fiber telecommunication wavelength.
Intraseasonal Variations of the British–Baikal Corridor Pattern
Authors: Xu Peiqiang , Wang Lin , Chen Wen , Chen Guosen , Kang In-Sik
Published: December 2019

The British–Baikal Corridor (BBC) pattern is the dominant waveguide mode trapped along the summertime polar front jet over northern Eurasia. It consists of four geographically fixed centers over the west of the British Isles, the Baltic Sea, western Siberia, and Lake Baikal, respectively. Its intraseasonal variations and dynamics are investigated based on reanalysis datasets. The BBC pattern has a life cycle of about two weeks. Its precursor could be traced back to an upstream wave packet propagating along the Atlantic jet 10 days before its peak, and its life cycle resembles the evolution of a quasi-stationary Rossby wave train. Diagnosis of the streamfunction tendency equation suggests that the growth and decay of the BBC pattern are primarily driven by the nonlinear processes, whereas the quasi-stationary feature of the BBC pattern arises from the cancellation among the linear processes. Energetics analysis indicates that the energy cycle with the transient eddies (TEs) plays an essential role in the growth and decay of the BBC pattern. The BBC pattern first feeds on the barotropic energy provided by the TEs and then returns the energy to TEs in the form of baroclinic energy. It is this nonlinear interaction with the TEs that poses a tough challenge to the current state-of-the-art models to capture the BBC pattern reasonably.
Restoration Method of Hadamard Coding Spectral Imager
Authors: Tang Xingjia , Xu Zongben , Li Libo , Wang Shuang , Hu Bingliang , Wang Feng
Published: December 2019

Hadamard coding spectral imaging technology is a computational spectral imaging technology, which modulates the target’s spectral information and recovers the original spectrum by inverse transformation. Because it has the advantage of multichannel detection, it is being studied by more researchers. For the engineering realization of push-broom coding spectral imaging instrument, it will inevitably be subjected to push-broom error, template error and detection noise, the redundant sampling problem caused by detector. Therefore, three restoration methods are presented in this paper: firstly, the one is the least squares solution, the two is the zero-filling inverse solution by extending the coding matrix in the redundant coding state to a complete higher order Hadamard matrix, the three is sparse method. Secondly, the numerical and principle analysis shows that the inverse solution of zero-compensation has better robustness and is more suitable for engineering application; its conditional number, error expectation and covariance are better and more stable because it directly uses Hadamard matrix, which has good generalized orthogonality. Then, a real-time spectral reconstruction method is presented, which is based on inverse solution of zero-compensation. Finally, simulation analysis shows that spectral data could be destructed relative accuracy in the error condition; however, the effect of template noise and push error on reconstruction is much greater than that of detection error. Therefore, in addition to reducing the detection noise as much as possible, lower template noise and more accurate push controlling should be guaranteed specifically in engineering realization.
Experimental and numerical investigation of the transition zone of locally steel-reinforced joining areas under combined tension–bending loading
Authors: Petersen E , Koord J , Völkerink O , Stefaniak D , Hühne C
Published: December 2019

In modern lightweight structures, the use of fasteners is preferred to other joining techniques. An approach to increase the bearing strength is the local metal hybridisation, where carbon fibre-reinforced plastics layers are substituted locally by metal foils of the same thickness. The local replacement leads to a transition zone between the hybrid region and the pure carbon fibre-reinforced plastics region. The present work deals with the investigation of different transition zone patterns of carbon fibre-reinforced plastics-steel hybrid specimens in combined tension–bending tests and accompanying non-linear static simulation. The simulation includes delamination and intralaminar damage with the use of a cohesive zone model and Cuntze’s failure mode concept. Furthermore, residual thermal stresses are considered. A satisfying agreement of test and simulation is achieved, which allows the identification of beneficial transition zone configurations and also validates the numerical model for further parametric studies.