bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Very Long–Term (10 to 14 Year) Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease in the Bare-Metal Stent Era
Authors: Shiomi Hiroki , Yamaji Kyohei , Morimoto Takeshi , Shizuta Satoshi , Nakatsuma Kenji , Higami Hirooki , Furukawa Yutaka , Nakagawa Yoshihisa , Kadota Kazushige , Ando Kenji , Sakata Ryuzo , Okabayashi Hitoshi , Hanyu Michiya , Shimamoto Mitsuomi , Nishiwaki Noboru , Komiya Tatsuhiko , Kimura Takeshi
Published: August 2016

Background—

Many of the previous randomized trials comparing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease reported equivalent or better survival with CABG as compared with PCI at 5-year follow-up. However, 5-year follow-up might be too short to evaluate the true differences in long-term clinical outcomes between PCI and CABG.

Methods and Results—

Among 8934 patients enrolled in the extended 10- to 14-year follow-up study of the CREDO-Kyoto registry cohort-1 (Coronary Revascularization Demonstrating Outcome study in Kyoto) conducted in the bare-metal stent era, 5152 (PCI: n=3490 and CABG: n=1662) patients had multivessel coronary artery disease without left main disease. Median follow-up duration was 11.2 (interquartile range: 10.2–12.2) years. The cumulative 10-year incidence of all-cause death was not significantly different between PCI and CABG (32.2% versus 31.7%; log-rank
P
=0.93). After adjusting for confounders, however, the mortality risk of PCI was significantly higher than that of CABG (hazard ratio, 1.19 [95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.39];
P
=0.03). Within 5 years after the index procedure, the risk for all-cause death was significantly higher after PCI than after CABG (hazard ratio, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.12–1.79;
P
=0.004). By a landmark analysis at 5 years, however, the cumulative 10-year incidence of and adjusted risk for all-cause death beyond 5 years were not significantly different between PCI and CABG (19.3% versus 20.0%; log-rank
P
=0.22 and hazard ratio, 1.02, 95% confidence interval, 0.83–1.26;
P
=0.82).

Conclusions—

CABG as compared with PCI was associated with better 10-year survival in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. However, the benefit of CABG compared with PCI on late mortality beyond 5 years was not observed in this study.
Absorb Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold in Complex Coronary Bifurcation Interventions
Authors: Bennett Johan , Vanhaverbeke Maarten , Vanden Driessche Nina , Adriaenssens Tom , Hiltrop Nick , Desmet Walter , Sinnaeve Peter , Dubois Christophe
Published: August 2016

Background—

Although bioresorbable scaffolds offer potential advantages compared with metallic drug-eluting stents in the treatment of complex coronary bifurcation lesions, there are concerns that the polymeric scaffold integrity may be compromised. This in vivo study sought to provide insights about the feasibility of performing complex bifurcation stenting with Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, CA).

Methods and Results—

Twenty New Zealand white rabbits underwent stenting of the nondiseased aortoiliac bifurcation with bioresorbable vascular scaffolds using provisional (PS, n=5), culotte (n=5), modified-T (n=5), or T-and protrusion (n=5) stenting techniques. Angiography, optical coherence tomography, and microcomputed tomography were performed. Angiographic results were excellent without evidence of dissection or side branch (SB) compromise. PS optimally opened the SB ostium without deforming the main vessel (MV) bioresorbable vascular scaffolds, avoiding malapposition, and revealing a single connector fracture in 1 of 5 cases on microcomputed tomography. Culotte stenting resulted in complete bifurcation coverage with extensive segments of double-layered struts and inappropriately apposed struts at the bifurcation level in 3 of 5 cases. On microcomputed tomography, there was MV and SB scaffold distortion at the bifurcation with single strut fractures in 4 of 5 and double fractures in 1 of 5. Modified-T and T-and protrusion resulted in complete bifurcation coverage and in minimal double-strut layers at the neocarina. On microcomputed tomography, no strut fractures were present after modified-T, whereas in 3 of 5 T-and protrusion procedures single strut fractures were noted.

Conclusions—

Bifurcation stenting using bioresorbable vascular scaffolds is feasible with excellent angiographic results. PS with additional T-and protrusion whenever needed seems a reasonable approach. Whenever a 2-stent technique is planned, modified T-stenting appears the most promising.
Listening geographies
Authors: Gallagher Michael , Kanngieser Anja , Prior Jonathan
Published: August 2016

This paper argues for expanded listening in geography. Expanded listening addresses how bodies of all kinds, human and more-than-human, respond to sound. We show how listening can contribute to research on a wide range of topics, beyond enquiry where sound itself is the primary substantive interest. This is demonstrated through close discussion of what an amplified sonic sensibility can bring to three areas of contemporary geographical interest: geographies of landscape, of affect, and of geotechnologies.
Original Research: Potential ocular protection and dynamic observation of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide against streptozocin-induced diabetic rats’ model
Authors: Wang Yi , Qin Shucun , Pen Guoqing , Chen Di , Han Chao , Miao Chunrun , Lu Baojin , Su Chao , Feng Shanlong , Li Wen , Han Jingjing , Cho Nam C , Si Yanhong
Published: August 2016

Ocular complications associated with diabetes mellitus are progressive and becoming one of the most important causes of morbidity worldwide. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the protective effect of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide, an important component of Polygonatum sibiricum, on ocular complications in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rats. Sprague Dawley rats were made diabetic with streptozotocin(60 mg/kg, i.v.) and then the rats were treated with Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg.d by gavage for 12 weeks. Biochemical analysis indicated that Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide lowered the levels of fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin in blood and elevated the levels of insulin and C-peptide in plasma of diabetes mellitus rats in a dose-dependent manner. Physical measurements revealed that Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide improved clinical symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria and weight loss in diabetes mellitus rats. The content of malondialdehyde and activity of superoxide dismutase in plasma were determined, and the data showed Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide suppressed oxidative stress reaction. Lens opacification was observed using slit lamp illumination, and the data showed Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide delayed cataract progression in a dose-dependent manner. Electroretinogram showed Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide treatment reversed the decrease of electroretinogram b and OPs2 waves’ amplitudes. Flash-visual evoked potential test indicated that the peak time of P2 wave was prolonged, and the amplitude of N2-P2 was lowered in diabetes mellitus group, and Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide suppressed these changes. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide alleviated the retinal vasculopathy in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, these results suggest that the administration of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide slows the progression of diabetic retinopathy and cataract through alleviating hyperglycemia and reducing oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rats.
Significantly higher rates of multiple and proximally located adenomas among patients with diabetes mellitus: A cross‐sectional population‐based study
Authors: de Kort Sander , Bouwens Mariëlle WE , Weijenberg Matty P , Janssen‐Heijnen Maryska LG , de Bruïne Adriaan P , Riedl Robert , Masclee Ad AM , Sanduleanu Silvia
Published: August 2016

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a greater risk for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Objective

The objective of this article is to examine the endoscopic phenotype and histopathology of colorectal polyps in patients with vs without DM.

Methods

We conducted a cross‐sectional study of patients who underwent colonoscopy at our university hospital and who completed a questionnaire. We collected endoscopy and histopathology data regarding colorectal adenomas and serrated polyps. Cox regression analyses were used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs).

Results

We examined a total of 3654 patients (mean age (SD): 62 (12) years, 47% males). Of them, 360 (9.9%) had DM. Overall, the prevalence of colorectal adenomas (42% vs 32%, p  < 0.01), multiple (≥3) adenomas (12% vs 7%, p  = 0.01) and proximal adenomas (30% vs 19%, p  < 0.01) was higher in patients with vs without DM. Multivariable analysis showed that the prevalence of adenomas (PR 1.17, 95% CI; 1.02–1.34), multiple (PR 1.37, 95% CI; 1.00–1.86) and proximal (PR 1.37, 95% CI; 1.16–1.62) adenomas was higher in patients with vs without DM, especially in men.

Conclusion

Patients with DM harbor more frequently multiple and proximal adenomas than those without DM. Close colonoscopic surveillance of DM patients is important to maximize the effectiveness of colonoscopic CRC prevention.
General continuous-time Markov model of sequence evolution via insertions/deletions: are alignment probabilities factorable?
Authors: Ezawa Kiyoshi
Published: August 2016

Background

Insertions and deletions (indels) account for more nucleotide differences between two related DNA sequences than substitutions do, and thus it is imperative to develop a stochastic evolutionary model that enables us to reliably calculate the probability of the sequence evolution through indel processes. Recently, indel probabilistic models are mostly based on either hidden Markov models (HMMs) or transducer theories, both of which give the indel component of the probability of a given sequence alignment as a product of either probabilities of column-to-column transitions or block-wise contributions along the alignment. However, it is not a priori clear how these models are related with any genuine stochastic evolutionary model, which describes the stochastic evolution of an entire sequence along the time-axis. Moreover, currently none of these models can fully accommodate biologically realistic features, such as overlapping indels, power-law indel-length distributions, and indel rate variation across regions.

Results

Here, we theoretically dissect the ab initio calculation of the probability of a given sequence alignment under a genuine stochastic evolutionary model, more specifically, a general continuous-time Markov model of the evolution of an entire sequence via insertions and deletions. Our model is a simple extension of the general “substitution/insertion/deletion (SID) model”. Using the operator representation of indels and the technique of time-dependent perturbation theory, we express the ab initio probability as a summation over all alignment-consistent indel histories. Exploiting the equivalence relations between different indel histories, we find a “sufficient and nearly necessary” set of conditions under which the probability can be factorized into the product of an overall factor and the contributions from regions separated by gapless columns of the alignment, thus providing a sort of generalized HMM. The conditions distinguish evolutionary models with factorable alignment probabilities from those without ones. The former category includes the “long indel” model (a space-homogeneous SID model) and the model used by Dawg, a genuine sequence evolution simulator.

Conclusions

With intuitive clarity and mathematical preciseness, our theoretical formulation will help further advance the ab initio calculation of alignment probabilities under biologically realistic models of sequence evolution via indels.
Exendin-4 enhances the differentiation of Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells through activation of various β-cell markers
Authors: Kassem Dina H. , Kamal Mohamed M. , El-Kholy Abd El-Latif G. , El-Mesallamy Hala O.
Published: August 2016

Background

Diabetes mellitus is a devastating metabolic disease. Generation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from stem cells, especially from Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs), has sparked much interest recently. Exendin-4 has several beneficial effects on MSCs and β cells. However, its effects on generation of IPCs from WJ-MSCs specifically have not been studied adequately. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate how exendin-4 could affect the differentiation outcome of WJ-MSCs into IPCs, and to investigate the role played by exendin-4 in this differentiation process.

Methods

WJ-MSCs were isolated, characterized and then induced to differentiate into IPCs using two differentiation protocols: protocol A, without exendin-4; and protocol B, with exendin-4. Differentiated IPCs were assessed by the expression of various β-cell-related markers using quantitative RT-PCR, and functionally by measuring glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.

Results

The differentiation protocol B incorporating exendin-4 significantly boosted the expression levels of β-cell-related genes Pdx-1, Nkx2.2, Isl-1 and MafA. Moreover, IPCs generated by protocol B showed much better response to variable glucose concentrations as compared with those derived from protocol A, which totally lacked such response. Furthermore, exendin-4 alone induced early differentiation markers such as Pdx-1 and Nkx2.2 but not Isl-1, besides inducing late markers such as MafA. In addition, exendin-4 showed a synergistic effect with nicotinamide and β-mercaptoethanol in the induction of these markers.

Conclusions

Exendin-4 profoundly improves the differentiation outcome of WJ-MSCs into IPCs, possibly through the ability to induce the expression of β-cell markers.
Scalar and vector imaging based on wave mode decoupling for elastic reverse time migration in isotropic and transversely isotropic media
Authors: Wang Chenlong , Cheng Jiubing , Arntsen Børge
Published: August 2016

Recording P- and S-wave modes acquires more information related to rock properties of the earth’s interior. Elastic migration, as a part of multicomponent seismic data processing, potentially offers a great improvement over conventional acoustic migration to create a spatial image of some medium properties. In the framework of elastic reverse time migration, we have developed new scalar and vector imaging conditions assisted by efficient polarization-based mode decoupling to avoid crosstalk among the different wave modes for isotropic and transversely isotropic media. For the scalar imaging, we corrected polarity reversal of zero-lag PS images using the local angular attributes on the fly of angle-domain imaging. For the vector imaging, we naturally used the polarization information in the decoupled single-mode vector fields to automatically avoid the polarity reversal and to estimate the local angular attributes for angle-domain imaging. Examples of increasing complexity in 2D and 3D cases found that the proposed approaches can be used to obtain a physically interpretable image and angle-domain common-image gather at an acceptable computational cost. Decoupling and imaging the 3D S-waves involves some complexity, which has not been addressed in the literature. For this reason, we also attempted at illustrating the physical contents of the two separated S-wave modes and their contribution to seismic full-wave imaging.
Prediction of coal seam details and mining safety using multicomponent seismic data: A case history from China
Authors: Lu Jun , Meng Xinghun , Wang Yun , Yang Zhen
Published: August 2016

With the increasing mining depth of coal mines, geologic hazards have become the main source of accidents. For this reason, coal seam prediction requires more assessment parameters, such as the degree of anisotropy, [Formula: see text] value, and elastic modulus. These parameters are difficult to determine using only the PP-wave. We have inverted and interpreted multicomponent seismic data acquired from a [Formula: see text] area in the Guqiao mine located on the southern margin of the North China plate, under the constraints of drill, log, and rock-physics test data. The production coal seam 11-2 of the mine, located in the Permian Formation, was our focus of this study, and our objective was to determine the structure, fracture development, thickness, surrounding rock lithology, roof stability, and mining safety of the seam. To achieve this, we first performed an analysis of S-wave splitting and joint PP- and PS-wave inversions. The inversion results were then combined to derive additional parameters, such as the [Formula: see text] value and dynamic Young’s modulus. Finally, we established a safety coefficient for assessing the safety of coal mining. The coefficient was based on the degree of anisotropy, coal bed thickness, Young’s modulus, and [Formula: see text] value of the coal-bearing strata. The geologic data for two mining tunnels in the 11-2 coal bed, provided by Huainan Coal Mining Group, were used to verify the known structure and lithology predictions. In addition, the known structural interpretations based on the PP- and PS-wave sections were obviously superior to the results of a previous survey based on the PP-wave only. The predicted thickness of coal seam 11-2 was accurate, as confirmed by comparison with that determined from drill data. Our joint PP- and PS-wave inversion and interpretation provides more information for coal seam prediction, creating a new application for coal seismic survey.
An integrated modeling approach for natural fractures and posttreatment fracturing analysis: A case study
Authors: Puyang Ping , Taleghani Arash Dahi , Sarker Bhaba
Published: August 2016

Hydraulic fracturing has been the principal production enhancement technique in low-permeability reservoirs for the past few decades. Through core and outcrop studies, advanced logging tools, microseismic mapping and well testing analysis, the complexity of induced fracture network in the presence of natural fractures has been further elucidated. Although most natural fractures are cemented by precipitations due to diagenesis, they can be reactivated during fracturing treatments and serve as preferential paths for fracture growth and fluid flow. However, current technologies for posttreatment fracture analysis are incapable of accurately determining the induced fracture geometry or estimating the distribution of preexisting natural fractures. Despite significant advances in the numerical modeling of fractured reservoirs, those numerical models require detailed characterization of natural fractures, which is essentially impossible to obtain. Moreover, most modeling techniques could not incorporate posttreatment data to reflect actual reservoir characteristics. We have developed an integrated modeling workflow to estimate the actual characteristics of fracture populations based on formation evaluations, microseismic data, treatment data, and production history. A least-squares modeling approach is first used to define possible realizations of natural fractures from selected double-couple microseismic events. Forward modeling incorporating a discrete fracture network will subsequently be used for matching treatment data and screening generated fracture realizations. Reservoir simulation tools will also be used thereafter to match the production data to further evaluate the fitness of natural fracture realizations. Our workflow is able to integrate data from multiple aspects of the reservoir development process, and the results from this workflow will provide geologist and reservoir engineers a robust tool for modeling naturally fractured reservoirs.
Brg1 plays an essential role in development and homeostasis of the duodenum through regulation of Notch signaling
Authors: Takada Yutaka , Fukuda Akihisa , Chiba Tsutomu , Seno Hiroshi
Published: August 2016

Brg1, a core subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is essential for development and homeostasis of various organs. However, the functional role of Brg1 in intestinal development and homeostasis, and the underlying molecular mechanism, remain unknown. We found that deletion of Brg1 in the mouse intestine resulted in growth impairment and early death associated with abnormal crypt-villous formation, skewed differentiation into secretory lineage cells, markedly increased apoptosis, and stem cell loss in the duodenum. Furthermore, we found that the Notch signaling pathway was dramatically downregulated in Brg1-deficient duodenum. Remarkably, overexpression of the Notch1 intercellular domain (ICD) partially reversed the prognosis of intestinal Brg1 mutant mice. Notch1 ICD overexpression rescued morphogenesis, prevented over-differentiation into secretory lineage cells, and restored apoptosis to normal levels in Brg1-deficient duodenum, although stem cell loss was not rescued. Our data demonstrate that Brg1 plays an essential role in development and homeostasis, including morphogenesis, stem cell differentiation and cell survival in the duodenum. Mechanistically, the rescue of the intestinal Brg1 mutant phenotype by overexpression of the Notch1 ICD indicates that Notch signaling is a key downstream target that mediates the effects of Brg1.
Leadership Perspectives on Operationalizing the Learning Health Care System in an
Integrated Delivery System
Authors: Psek Wayne , Davis F. Daniel , Gerrity Gloria , Stametz Rebecca , Bailey-Davis Lisa , Henninger Deb , Sellers Dorothy , Darer Jonathan
Published: August 2016

Introduction: Healthcare leaders need operational strategies that support
organizational learning for continued improvement and value generation. The learning
health system (LHS) model may provide leaders with such strategies; however, little is
known about leaders’ perspectives on the value and application of system-wide
operationalization of the LHS model. The objective of this project was to solicit and
analyze senior health system leaders’ perspectives on the LHS and learning activities in
an integrated delivery system.Methods: A series of interviews were conducted with 41
system leaders from a broad range of clinical and administrative areas across an
integrated delivery system. Leaders’ responses were categorized into
themes.Findings: Ten major themes emerged from our conversations with leaders. While
leaders generally expressed support for the concept of the LHS and enhanced system-wide
learning, their concerns and suggestions for operationalization where strongly aligned
with their functional area and strategic goals.Discussion: Our findings suggests that
leaders tend to adopt a very pragmatic approach to learning. Leaders expressed a
dichotomy between the operational imperative to execute operational objectives
efficiently and the need for rigorous evaluation. Alignment of learning activities with
system-wide strategic and operational priorities is important to gain leadership support
and resources. Practical approaches to addressing opportunities and challenges
identified in the themes are discussed.Conclusion: Continuous learning is an ongoing,
multi-disciplinary function of a health care delivery system. Findings from this and
other research may be used to inform and prioritize system-wide learning objectives and
strategies which support reliable, high value care delivery.
Adult respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Cutts S , Talboys R , Paspula C , Prempeh EM , Fanous R , Ail D
Published: August 2016

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has now been described as a sequela to such diverse conditions as burns, amniotic fluid embolism, acute pancreatitis, trauma, sepsis and damage as a result of elective surgery in general.

Patients with ARDS require immediate intubation, with the average patient now being ventilated for between 8 and 11 days. While the acute management of ARDS is conducted by the critical care team, almost any surgical patient can be affected by the condition and we believe that it is important that a broader spectrum of hospital doctors gain an understanding of the nature of the pathology and its current treatment.
Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Genesis of Sepiolite and Palygorskite in Neogene Lacustrine Sediments, Eskişehir Province, West Central Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Kadir Selahattin , Erkoyun Hülya , Eren Muhsin , Huggett Jennifer , Önalgil Nergis
Published: August 2016

Sepiolite and palygorskite are common as layers and nodules in the Neogene lacustrine sediments of the Eskişehir area. This study aims to determine their mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, plus the distribution of these economically important sepiolite and palygorskite deposits within the lacustrine environment. Using these data the research goes on to discuss the environmental conditions for their formation. Sepiolite and palygorskite layers are associated with dolomite, marlstone, and argillaceous limestone. The sepiolite nodules (meerschaum), which are former magnesite gravels, are observed in the Upper Miocene reddish-brown fluvial deposits derived from the ophiolite and its fractureinfills at the northern margin of the basin. Sepiolite and palygorskite are only sparsely associated with dolomite and accessory magnesite, quartz, feldspar, and amphibole. Sepiolite and palygorskite fibers formed as oriented platy fan, interwoven, and knitted aggregates in the absence of dolomite indicated precipitation from supersaturated solution. Sepiolite and palygorskite fibers edging dolomite crystals postdate dolomite and formed through precipitation in a vadose environment under semi-arid to arid climatic conditions. High values of Mg+Fe+Ni and enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREE) relative to middle rare earth elements (MREE) and heavy rare earth elements (HREE), Sr content, depletion of Rb+Ba and K, and negligible negative Eu anomalies all reflect the derivation from the Paleozoic metamorphic and Upper Cretaceous ophiolitic rocks. Locally, Upper Miocene to Lower Pliocene volcanic, volcanoclastic, and fluvio-lacustrine sedimentary rocks supplied the required Si, Mg, Al, and Fe for precipitation of Al-sepiolite and Mg-palygorskite with average structural formulae of Si11.91Al0.09O30Mg6.60Al0.78Fe0.13 (OH)4Na0.12K0.06(OH2)4·nH2O and Si7.74Al0.26O20Mg2.52Al1.13Fe0.38(OH)2(OH2)4Na0.32K0.14 Ca0.12·nH2O, respectively. In contrast to the layered sepiolites, the absence of Al and high Ni content in sepiolite nodules suggest formation through replacement of magnesite gravels at shallow burial in an alkal ine environment. The calculated meerschaum sepiol ite chemical formula i s: Si12.02O30Mg7.87Fe0.01(OH)4Na0.13K0.03(OH2)4·nH2O.
Performativity, role reversal and disruptions in Joshua Oppenheimer’s The Act of Killing
Authors: Mayor Christine
Published: August 2016

The Act of Killing (2012) has been both praised for its innovative approach to documentary film-making and criticized for its historical ‘inaccuracies’ and potential ethical problems. This article offers a new reading of the documentary through a drama therapy lens, highlighting the performativity of the perpetrators and history itself, the power of role reversals towards collective healing by bringing one closer to the horror of their actions, and the importance of disrupting traditional genocide narratives for the viewing audience. This analysis points to new directions in working directly with perpetrators of mass violence and trauma.
Book Review
Authors: Pizer-Bush Sarah , Snoddy Marissa
Published: August 2016

Therapists Creating a Cultural Tapestry: Using the Creative Therapies across Cultures, Stephanie L. Brooke and Charles E. Myers (eds) (2015) Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publishers Ltd, 328 pp., ISBN: 9780398081287, h/bk $62.95 ISBN: 9780398081294, e-book
Investigating the glass escalator effect among registered drama therapists: A gender-based examination of professional trajectory
Authors: Frydman Jason S. , Segall Jeremy
Published: August 2016

This research sought to identify whether the glass escalator was occurring in the profession of drama therapy. A survey asking registered drama therapists (RDTs) to identify rates of advancement between career levels was completed by 34 per cent of those polled. Independent samples t-tests exploring gender differences in the career rate of advancement determined no glass escalator effect on attainment of supervisory and upper-level clinical positions; however, results are inconclusive for subsequent conditions. Qualitative analysis of open-ended responses produced three gender-relevant categories. Qualitative and quantitative data are discussed with regard to implications for the profession and avenues for further research.
Drama therapists’ attitudes and actions regarding LGBTQI and gender nonconforming communities
Authors: Beauregard Mark , Stone Ross , Trytan Nadya , Sajnani Nisha
Published: August 2016

Drawing on survey research conducted in music therapy, the purpose of this study was to identify the attitudes, strengths and limitations in the field of drama therapy with regard to working with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex (LGBTQI) and gender nonconforming (GNC) communities and to identify implications for training, research and the practice of drama therapy. A total of 136 respondents met the inclusion criteria. Results indicate that the majority of drama therapists hold an open and affirming attitude towards gender diversity and sexual orientation. Yet, discrepancies remain concerning the training received, overall level of preparedness, and participation in supervision specific to working with LGBTQI and GNC clients. Ongoing training and supervision is needed to bridge the gap between affirming attitudes and actions.
Chics, elegantes e distintas: a moda na seção Jornal das famílias da Revista da Semana (1915-1918)
Authors: Czrnorski Sediana Rizzo , Meyrer Marlise Regina
Published: August 2016

Partindo da concepção da moda como fenômeno social diretamente ligado as transformações sociais e culturais relativas a diferentes contextos históricos, o artigo analisa a moda veiculada na Revista da Semana, como um instrumento de distinção social e de gênero, tendo como público uma parcela da elite feminina do Rio de Janeiro no início do século XX.  O foco de análise é a seção Jornal das Famílias inserida na revista, no período de 1915 a 1918.  Com objetivo de identificar algumas das formas pelas quais a distinção é construída através da moda, foram elencadas cinco categorias de análise: Tecidos; Indumentária e ornamentos; Detalhes; Corpo e beleza; e Sociabilidade, educação e comportamento social.
Estudos sobre a assistência e controle de crianças e jovens ditas anormais e delinquentes em Santa Catarina (1930-1951)
Authors: Viana Bruna , Cassettari Fernanda Biava
Published: August 2016

Neste trabalho procura-se discutir algumas das práticas de assistência e controle voltadas para infância e juventude considerada anormal e/ou infratora em Santa Catarina entre as décadas de 1930 e 1940. Em consonância com a política varguista, foram realizadas uma série de mudanças no âmbito da saúde pública, educacional e penal no estado, que acabaram por se desdobrar na criação de uma rede de instituições. Estão localizadas neste período a construção do Hospital Colônia Sant’Ana (HCS) e a ampliação da Penitenciária da Pedra Grande. É possível pensar, as práticas de internamento e reclusão das crianças e jovens, considerados anormais e/ou delinquentes, como resultado de uma forte normatização das condutas da população. A pesquisa surgiu do projeto de extensão e pesquisa intitulado Arquivos marginais. Ligado ao Laboratório de Patrimônio Cultural do curso de História da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, o projeto conta com a coordenação da Profa. Dra. Viviane Trindade Borges.
Discurso, direito e infração: reflexões sobre a menoridade no tempo presente a partir da legislação brasileira do século XX
Authors: Daminelli Camila Serafim
Published: August 2016

Emergida no campo do direito no século XIX, a menoridade referia-se às questões do príncipe. Utilizada daí em diante, vê-se a incapacidade do termo menor em valer-se por si: os conceitos compostos “menor de idade” e “menor de 18 anos” corroboram a noção de que o menor inexiste enquanto experiência discursiva. No tempo presente percebe-se a ruptura da noção de menoridade ao dado etário e a consolidação da experiência da menoridade referindo-se ao conflito com a lei. A partir de que momento histórico as temáticas infantojuvenis se deslocam de uma série de questões sociais para estabelecer o conflito com a lei como o problema do menor? O objetivo deste artigo é, utilizando como fontes documentais a legislação brasileira, refletir sobre as políticas públicas relativas aos adolescentes em conflito com a lei ao longo do século XX. Investiga-se como o aparato jurídico construiu, junto a outras sociedades de discurso, a menoridade como experiência ligada aos atos infracionais.
Escrita de si e diários: construções do gênero diante de paradigmas socioculturais
Authors: Milan Letícia Portella
Published: August 2016

Os diários se constituíram como modos típicos da escrita de si feminina, desde que as mulheres conquistaram o direito à alfabetização, servindo como um instrumento para a construção do ser; uma maneira de se conhecer e de se fazer conhecer. O objetivo deste trabalho está em situar os diários íntimos como práticas culturais pertencentes, geralmente, às classes sociais abastadas, nas quais as mulheres estiveram delegadas a praticar a escritura, com o intuito de construir sua feminilidade. O presente trabalho faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa que tem como tema uma investigação histórica sobre os espaços de lazer e sociabilidade da elite pelotense na década de 1950. O principal ponto de referência para este estudo constitui-se no diário pessoal de Clarice Tavares Xavier, jovem pertencente a uma tradicional família gaúcha que, através do seu olhar, descreve o seu cotidiano e as diferentes impressões que tinha sobre os lugares que frequentava na cidade de Pelotas.
Populações e Procedências na Região das Missões (1817 – 1822)
Authors: Fontella Leandro Goya
Published: August 2016

Neste texto examina-se algumas características demográficas da região das Missões entre 1817 e 1822 a partir dos assentos de batismos da Matriz de São Francisco de Borja. O foco da análise recai sobre a naturalidade das mães e dos pais dos batizandos. Através deste procedimento pode-se vislumbrar a procedência de boa parte dos sujeitos que habitavam a região. Os dados avaliados revelam que, ao longo do processo de conquista luso-brasileiro de tal área, a maioria dos guaranis era dos Sete Povos das Missões Orientais do Rio Uruguai, embora não fosse desprezível a presença de guaranis oriundos dos povos ocidentais. Por sua vez, a população luso-brasileira provinha, sobretudo, do próprio Rio Grande de São Pedro, em especial, da Fronteira do Rio Pardo. Todavia, havia considerável presença de paulistas e catarinenses. Por fim, a presença de batismos de escravos, boa parte deles africanos, indica que a região das Missões estava sendo integrada ao complexo produtivo escravista luso-brasileiro.
Off Gas Measurements from FR Materials Exposed to a Flash Fire
Authors: Ackerman Mark , Batcheller Jane , Paskaluk Stephen
Published: August 2016

The decomposition of flame resistant (FR) materials, either through elevated temperature or contact with flames, results in a range of chemical species, some of which can be quite toxic to humans. Small scale or bench scale tests for decomposition products have been done in the past, but there were always questions as to whether these were representative of full-scale flash fire test results. To determine whether the decomposition products would be of sufficient quantity to measure and whether different FR materials would produce a “signature” set of compounds, full scale testing was undertaken. Coveralls constructed from four common FR materials were evaluated. The methodology used allowed the determination of the thermal decomposition products of FR materials when exposed to flash fire.
Review: Potential Use of Plant Proteins and Feather Keratin as Sizing Agents for Polyester-Cotton
Authors: Reddy Narendra , Yang Yiqi
Published: August 2016

This review assesses the potential of using plant proteins (wheat gluten and soy proteins) and chicken feather keratin as sizing agents for polyester/cotton (P/C) fabrics. Sizing (slashing) is a critical and essential process required for weaving fabrics. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a traditional size for P/C yarns since PVA readily dissolves in water, provides good sizing performance, and is easily desizeable. However, PVA released from textile effluent treatment affects water organisms. Protein-based sizes required higher percent add-on to provide strength similar to PVA, but had excellent desizing, even at room temperature using low liquor ratios. Similarly, protein-based sizes degraded easily in activated sludge with COD and BOD5 values well within the prescribed limits. Plant proteins and feather keratin show promise to replace PVA for sizing P/C fabrics.
Polymorphisms of TLR4 Asp299Gly and TNF-α -308G/A in Leptospirosis
Authors: Farhanah Nur , Gasem Muhammad Hussein , Faradz Sultana MH
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackground : TLR4 Asp299Gly and TNF-α -308G/A polymorphisms have been shown to be associated with increased susceptibility and severity of infection. TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism could affect the host’s ability to respond to leptospira sp. TNF-α -308G/A polymorphism, is associated with the high producer of TNF-α.Methods : Total of 36 leptospirosis patients (IgM anti leptospira and MAT positive) and healthy individual with the equal number were included. The polymorphisms were determined  by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using site spesific restriction enzyme.Results : Distribution of  homozygous wild-type TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism was higher in both of groups ( 94.5:97.2%.) and homozygous mutant allele was absent. There was not significantly difference of  TLR4 Asp299Gly in leptospirosis patients and healthy group ( ρ=1.00; OR 0.5; 95%CI, 0.04-5.6) and between mild and severe leptospirosis (ρ=0.54; OR 1.54 ; 95% CI, 1.20-1.98). The presence of homozygous wild-type TNF-α -308G/A polymorphism was higher between leptospirosis patients and healthy group (100:94.5%) andhomozygous mutant allele was not found in both of the groups. No significantly different of TNF-α -308G>A polymorphism between leptospirosis patient and healthy group (ρ=0.49).Conclusions : In this study, the polymorphisms of TLR4 Asp299Gly and TNF-α -308G/A were not associated with the susceptibility and severity of leptospirosis. Keywords : Leptospirosis, TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism, TNF-α -308G/A polymorphism
Abnormal apoptosis causes colitis and enteritis in patients with Hoyeraal–Hreidarsson syndrome due to DKC1 mutations
Authors: Ovadia Adi , Ngan Bo-Yee
Published: August 2016

Background: Hoyeraal–Hreidarsson syndrome (HHS), the severe clinical variant of X-linked dyskeratosis congenita, is caused by germline mutations in telomere associated genes. HHS usually manifests within the first years of life and is characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, immunodeficiency, neurological features including microcephaly and developmental delay, as well as intrauterine growth retardation. The typical mucocutaneous manifestations are nail dysplasia, lacy skin pigmentation, and oral leukoplakia. Importantly, gastrointestinal involvement is reported in most patients with HHS, and may be the presenting feature. Given the spectrum of gastrointestinal diseases with a similar presentation, recognizing the unique gastrointestinal histopathology of HHS may facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: This case series highlights the gastrointestinal pathology findings of 2 patients with HHS caused by DKC1 gene mutations.

Results: Gastrointestinal biopsies reveal loss of mucosal glands, regenerative glandular alterations and increased colonic epithelial cell apoptosis. Immunostaining of biopsies for cleaved caspase 3, a marker of cellular apoptosis, demonstrates abnormal nonapical and random locations of enterocyte exit which was further exacerbated by enteritis.

Conclusion: Gastrointestinal involvement is usually the presenting feature of patients with HHS. This case series highlights the important role on gastrointestinal histopathology in facilitating a diagnosis of HHS.

Statement of novelty: Detailed gastrointestinal biopsy images associated with HHS involving DKC1 mutations.
Mitochondrial function assessed by 31P MRS and BOLD MRI in non‐obese type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Liu Yuchi , Mei Xunbai , Li Jielei , Lai Nicola , Yu Xin
Published: August 2016

The study aims to characterize age‐associated changes in skeletal muscle bioenergetics by evaluating the response to ischemia‐reperfusion in the skeletal muscle of the Goto‐Kakizaki (GK) rats, a rat model of non‐obese type 2 diabetes (T2D). 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) MRI was performed on the hindlimb of young (12 weeks) and adult (20 weeks) GK and Wistar (control) rats. 31P‐MRS and BOLD‐MRI data were acquired continuously during an ischemia and reperfusion protocol to quantify changes in phosphate metabolites and muscle oxygenation. The time constant of phosphocreatine recovery, an index of mitochondrial oxidative capacity, was not statistically different between GK rats (60.8 ± 13.9 sec in young group, 83.7 ± 13.0 sec in adult group) and their age‐matched controls (62.4 ± 11.6 sec in young group, 77.5 ± 7.1 sec in adult group). During ischemia, baseline‐normalized BOLD‐MRI signal was significantly lower in GK rats than in their age‐matched controls. These results suggest that insulin resistance leads to alterations in tissue metabolism without impaired mitochondrial oxidative capacity in GK rats.
Why the Dynamics of Competition Matter for Category Profitability
Authors: Voleti Sudhir , Gangwar Manish , Kopalle Praveen K.
Published: August 2016

Category management (CM) has become a widespread trade practice in recent years. A category manager's decision problem is complex and multifaceted owing to demand dependencies across products and across time. Extant research on CM has typically focused on one or the other of these dependencies, but seldom both. The authors address this research gap by presenting a competition framework that reconciles cross-sectional breadth (large numbers of stockkeeping units in any given period) with longitudinal depth (demand effects across time). The endeavor is to offer retailers a general, realistic, and practical CM approach by comprehensively accounting for competitive effects. The authors demonstrate their approach using real-world data in the beer category for a midsize grocery chain in the northeastern United States. After determining the optimal weekly prices for the entire assortment over 23 weeks, the authors report a profit yield that is 3.30% more than in the benchmark logit model and substantially more than in the retailer's current everyday low price policy.
Keep Your Cool or Let it Out: Nonlinear Effects of Expressed Arousal on Perceptions of Consumer Reviews
Authors: Yin Dezhi , Bond Samuel D. , Zhang Han
Published: August 2016

This research explores how expressed emotional arousal in a consumer review affects reader perceptions of its helpfulness. Drawing from research on written communication and lay theories of emotion, the authors propose a pattern of diminishing returns, in which the marginal effect of arousal on perceived helpfulness is positive at low levels of arousal but diminishes at higher levels. Results of a field study using Apple's App Store, a follow-up survey, and two laboratory experiments provide consistent evidence for the predicted pattern. In addition, the results suggest that the nonlinear effect is explained in part by perceptions of reviewer effort and that the effect is stronger for products that are utilitarian in nature. By revealing a nuanced relationship between emotional expression and perceived helpfulness, these findings offer valuable implications for effective word-of-mouth communication.
Γ-convergence of nonconvex integrals in Cheeger--Sobolev spaces and homogenization
Authors: Anza Hafsa Omar , Mandallena Jean-Philippe
Published: August 2016

We study Γ-convergence of nonconvex variational integrals of the calculus of variations in the setting of Cheeger–Sobolev spaces. Applications to relaxation and homogenization are given.
Bernstein center of supercuspidal blocks
Authors: Mishra Manish
Published: August 2016

Let

𝐆

\mathbf{G}

be a tamely ramified connected reductive group defined
over a non-archimedean local field k. We show that the Bernstein
center of a tame supercuspidal block of

𝐆
⁢

(
k
)

\mathbf{G}(k)

is isomorphic
to the Bernstein center of a depth-zero supercuspidal block of

𝐆
0

⁢

(
k
)

\mathbf{G}^{0}(k)

for some twisted Levi subgroup of

𝐆
0

\mathbf{G}^{0}

of

𝐆

\mathbf{G}

.
Inequality and Fiscal Redistribution in Middle Income Countries: Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Indonesia, Mexico, Peru and South Africa
Authors: Lustig Nora
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the redistributive impact of fiscal policy for Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Indonesia, Mexico, Peru and South Africa using comparable fiscal incidence analysis with data from around 2010. The largest redistributive effect is in South Africa and the smallest in Indonesia. Success in fiscal redistribution is driven primarily by redistributive effort (share of social spending to GDP in each country) and the extent to which transfers/subsidies are targeted to the poor and direct taxes targeted to the rich. While fiscal policy always reduces inequality, this is not the case with poverty. When pensions are not considered a transfer, fiscal policy increases poverty in Brazil (over and above market income poverty) due to high consumption taxes on basic goods. Total spending on education is pro-poor except for Indonesia, where it is neutral in absolute terms. Health spending is pro-poor in Brazil, Chile and South Africa, roughly neutral in absolute terms in Mexico, and not pro-poor in Indonesia and Peru.
A Framework for Ontological Policy Reconstruction: Academic Knowledge Transfer in the Netherlands as a Case Study
Authors: Pauly Marc
Published: August 2016

This paper provides a framework for analyzing the ontology underlying a given public policy, i.e. the categories and concepts used by the policy. It provides a set of questions concerning the language, logic and deontology of a policy and their development over time. The framework is applied to a particular case study, the valorization policy for Dutch universities, in order to suggest the usefulness of the framework in the design and normative evaluation of public policy.
The Ontology of Interactive Kinds
Authors: Hauswald Rico
Published: August 2016

This paper defends the notions of an interactive kind and a looping effect as features of social and human scientific classifications and aims to give a realist interpretation of them. I argue that interactive kinds can best be modeled as a special case of changing causal property cluster kinds. In order to do so, I develop a typology of looping effects according to the sort of entities that are affected, the main types of which are individual-looping, category-looping, and kind-looping. Based on this distinction, I identify interactive kinds as those causal property cluster kinds that are subjected to kind-looping.