bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Cost-effectiveness of Celecoxib versus Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs plus Proton-pump Inhibitors for Treating Osteoarthritis in Algeria
Authors: Hammoumraoui Nadir , Kherraf Sid Ahmed , Mould-Quevedo Joaquin , Ismail Tarek A.
Published: October 2019

Background: Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors such as celecoxib are as effective as non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ns-NSAIDs) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), have fewer gastrointestinal side effects, but are more expensive.

Objective: To evaluate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of celecoxib versus ns-NSAIDs, with/without proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) co-therapy, for treating OA in Algeria.

Methods: The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) health economic model from UK, updated with relative risks of adverse events using CONDOR trial data, was adapted for costeffectiveness analysis in OA patients aged ≥65 years. Patients could initiate treatment with celecoxib or ns-NSAIDs with/without omeprazole. Conditional probabilities were obtained from published clinical trials; effectiveness measure was quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained/patient. The analysis was conducted from a healthcare payer’s perspective. The average daily treatment costs and frequencies of resource use for adverse events were based on data collected in August 2011 from a private clinic located in Cheraga, Algiers, Algeria. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was performed to construct cost-effectiveness acceptability curves (CEACs).

Results: QALYs gained/patient over a 6-month horizon were higher with celecoxib (0.368) and celecoxib+PPI (0.40) versus comparators. The lowest expected cost/patient was associated with ibuprofen (US$134.76 versus US$175.67 with celecoxib+PPI, and US$177.57 with celecoxib). Celecoxib+PPI was the most cost-effective drug treatment, with an ICER of US$584.43, versus ibuprofen. Treatment with celecoxib alone showed an ICER of US$1,530.56 versus diclofenac+PPI. These ICERs are <1 gross domestic product per capita in Algeria (US$7,500). Over 1-year, 3-year and 5-year horizons, celecoxib with/without PPI co-therapy showed higher QALYs/patient versus comparators, and decreasing ICERs. The ICER of celecoxib+PPI was lower than that of comparators over all time horizons. These findings were confirmed with CEACs generated via PSA.

Conclusion: Using data from a single private clinic in Cheraga, Algiers, Algeria, and after considering new adverse event risks, we showed that celecoxib with/without PPI co therapy is more cost-effective than ns-NSAID+PPI for treating OA patients aged ≥65 years. Celecoxib+PPI remains dominant over a 5-year horizon, making it the most cost-effective treatment option for medium- and long-term use.
A Criterion-based Approach for the Systematic and Transparent Extrapolation of Clinical Trial Survival Data
Authors: Tremblay Gabriel , Haines Patrick , Briggs Andrew
Published: October 2019

Background: Trial data often does not cover a sufficiently long period of time to truly capture time-toevent endpoints, however, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) bodies often require overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) estimates. Often, significant survival effects are found beyond the time period observed in clinical trials, thus, extrapolation of trial results is required for health economic and HTA evaluations.

Objectives: This paper looks at different techniques that can be used to extrapolate trial data, as well as criteria that should be used to select the most appropriate technique. Using these insights a formal decisionmaking criteria will be established, allowing users to follow a systematic approach to extrapolating survival estimates. The techniques are then applied to a metastatic breast cancer (MBC) example.

Methods: A criterion-based guide was devised to allow the accurate extrapolation and justification of survival estimates in a MBC study comparing eribulin (Halaven) monotherapy with treatment of their (patient’s) physician’s choice (TPC). Parametric and piecewise models are used to extrapolate survival estimates, and statistical as well as visual tests are used to decide the most appropriate modelling technique.

Results: In the case study presented, the optimal model was identified as the Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) Parametric model using a Gamma distribution with a treatment covariate for OS, and the Kaplan-Meier survival estimates for PFS.

Conclusions: Survival estimates must be extrapolated to a time point such that the benefits of a therapy can be clearly demonstrated. A systematic approach combined with a formal decision-making structure should be used to minimize the potential for bias as well as making the process transparent.
Treatment Interruption and Regimen Change in Firstgeneration versus Second-generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors used as First-line Therapy for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Ward Melea A. , Fang Gang , Fang Gang , Richards Kristy L. , Walko Christine M.
Published: October 2019

Background: Research has shown that treatment interruptions are associated with worse failure-free survival in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML); however they are commonly used in clinical trials to manage adverse events.

Objectives: This study assessed the comparative rates of treatment interruption and regimen change between patients initiating first-line therapy with a first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (1GTKI) imatinib versus second-generation TKI (2GTKI), dasatinib or nilotinib, for the treatment of CML in clinical practice.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using the Humana Research Database. Patients with CML who were between the ages of 18 and 89 and newly initiated 1GTKI or 2GTKI therapy between June 1, 2010 and December 31, 2011 were included. Treatment interruption and regimen change were compared using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models. Treatment interruption was defined as a gap in any TKI pharmacy claim that was longer than an allowable refill gap plus days’ supply from the previous TKI medication claim. Regimen change was defined as 1) a prescription claim for a different TKI therapy, or 2) increase in dose for the same medication.

Results: 368 patients met the inclusion criteria: 1GTKI n=237, 2GTKI n=131. Patients initiating therapy with a 2GTKI had a 48% higher risk of treatment interruption versus patients initiating therapy with a 1GTKI (hazard ratio=1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.08-2.02). The time to treatment interruption was significantly longer in patients initiating therapy with a 1GTKI. Approximately 19% of patients had a regimen change, but there were no differences in rates of regimen changes between the two generations.

Conclusions: In this study from a large single health plan population, treatment interruptions were more common among patients initiating therapy with a 2GTKI, yet regimen change rates did not vary by generation of TKI. Future research should assess reasons for treatment interruption and investigate these associations in other populations.
Comparison of Real-world Outcomes Between Patients Treated with Tapentadol ER or Oxycodone CR
Authors: Durkin Mike , Pesa Jacqueline , Lopatto Jessica , Halpern Rachel , Van Voorhis Damon , Korrer Stephanie
Published: October 2019

Background: The objective of this study was to compare health care utilization and costs between matched cohorts of chronic pain patients treated with the opioids tapentadol extended release (ER) or oxycodone controlled release (CR). Methods: This retrospective study used claims data from the Optum Research Database. Commercial and Medicare Advantage adult patients with ≥1 prescription fill for oxycodone CR or tapentadol ER between September 1, 2011 and September 30, 2012 were eligible. The date of the first observed oxycodone CR or tapentadol ER claim was the index date. Patients had continuous health plan enrollment for 6 months before and after the index date, ≥ 90 days supply of opioid therapy, and no index drug claims in the preindex period. Patients were propensity score matched in a 1:2 ratio (tapentadol ER : oxycodone CR). Results: The attributes of the matched cohorts (1,120 tapentadol ER and 2,240 oxycodone CR patients) appeared similar. In the 6 month post-index period, lower proportions of the tapentadol ER cohort than the oxycodone CR cohort had ≥1 inpatient stay (14.6% versus 20.5%; p<0.001) and ≥1 emergency department visit (33.4% versus 37.5%; p=0.021). The tapentadol ER compared with the oxycodone CR cohort had higher mean pharmacy costs ($4,263 versus $3,694; p <0.001), lower mean inpatient costs ($3,625 versus $6,309; p<0.001), and lower mean total healthcare costs ($16,510 versus $19,330; p=0.004). Conclusions: During follow-up, total mean healthcare costs were lower among tapentadol ER patients than oxycodone CR patients, and tapentadol ER patients were less likely to have an inpatient admission or emergency department visit.
PENGARUH MEDITASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKURASI TENDANGAN PADA ATLET PENCAK SILAT DI ORGANISASI PSHT KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Dewi Ariska , Setiawan Donny , Yuliandi Rofik
Published: October 2019

Olahraga pencak silat merupakan olahraga yang membutuhkan tingkat konsentrasi tinggi dalam pelaksanaannya. Konsentrasi dibutuhkan dalam melakukan serangan seperti tendangan saat pertandingan agar akurasi menjadi maksimal. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan memberikan perlakuan meditasi. Subyek penelitian adalah atlet PSHT Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan tes tendangan dalam waktu satu menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan antara sebelum dan sesudah pemberian perlakuan meditasi. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik diketahui nilai sig 0,003 lebih besar dari 0,05, dalam artian terdapat pengaruh meditasi terhadap peningkatan akurasi tendangan pada atlet pencak silat.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL LOMPAT JAUH GAYA JONGKOK DENGAN METODE BERMAIN LOMPAT DAN LONCAT LINGKARAN BERJENJANG KELAS VII MTs NEGERI 11 BANYUWANGI
Authors: Mubaligin Hilmi , Candra Arya T , R Lutfi Irawan
Published: October 2019

Atletik adalah cabang olahraga yang termaktub dalam pembelajaran penjas di sekolah. Keberhasilan pembelajaran penjas di sekolah merupakan tolak ukur ketercapaian hasil belajar siswa. Inovasi model pembelajaran merupakan upaya yang dapat dilakukan seorang guru dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam II siklus. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa MTs Negeri 11 Banyuwangi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memberikan metode permainan lompat dan loncat lingkaran berjenjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perubahan pada pratindakan yaitu 36%, siklus I meningkat menjadi 61% ketuntasan hasil belajar lompat jauh gaya jongkok. Sedangkan pada siklus II ketuntasan belajar meningkat menjadi 100%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode dan inovasi pembelajaran sangat penting dalam proses pembelajaran di sekolah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
An Analysis of Students’ Grammatical Errors in Arranging Jumbled Words into Meaningful Sentences of the Einght Grade at SMP Negeri 4 Banyuwangi in the Academic Year 2016/2017
Authors: Pangestu Dilla Ayuning
Published: October 2019

Writing cannot be separated from sentences. Constructing sentences is astart to write a composition since it has levels of difficulties starting from wordsto sentences, sentences to paragraph and paragraph to longer composition.Jumbled words is a method of teaching. There are some words or sentenceswhich are jumbled by teacher and the students must arrange them intocorrect sentences. This research is a descriptive quantitative one that focusedon the data analysis with form description with the scoring of the eight gradestudents’ grammatical errors in arranging jumbled words into meaningfulsentences at SMP Negeri 4Banyuwangi in the Academic Year 2016/2017. Purposive method was used todetermine the research area. The number of respondent were 30 students.The result of the data analysis showed that compose sentences was difficultfor the eight year students of SMP Negeri 4 Banyuwangi. (1) There are 126miordering of using adjective followed by noun with the percentage 23,37%.(2) There are 46 misordering of using verb followed byadverb with the percentage 8,53%. (3) There are 98 misordering of usingauxiliary verb ( do, do es and did )with the percentage 18,18%, (4) There are 95 misordering of using to be pasttense (was and were) with the percentage 17,62%. (5) There are75misordering of using Simple Present Tense with the percentage 13,91%. (6)There are 99 misordering of using Simple Past Tense with the percentage18,36%
An Analysis on Indonesian English Translation Shifts Found in Two Short Stories of Bilingual Children Book Series Published by “Gema Insani”
Authors: Mabruroh Mabruroh
Published: October 2019

English is international language which everyone should understand even a little. In this research, the researcher deals about translation shift especially in the bilingual children books. Indonesian is the source language while English as the target language. The objective of this research are to find out kinds of translations shift and to know how are the translation shift applied in translating two of short stories there are “Cerita Si Lebah and Cerita Si kupu-kupu”. This book very interesting, many children like to read this book, because this book makes children easy to learn English. In book Cerita Si Lebah and Si Kupu-Kupu translating Indonesian into English there are a shifting. Shift is departures from formal correspondence in the process of going from SL into the TL. There are two types Translation shift they are Level Shift and Category Shift.

The method of this research uses descriptive qualitative method. The data analysis used by the researcher is content analysis. The researcher read and compares both Indonesian as the source language and English as the target language. The researcher took the entire sentence from the Indonesian text and English text, check whether there are shifts in translations which are taken the valid data. Then, analyze the types of translation shifts occurred and draw conclusion based on the analysis.

The objects being analyzed are books entitle Cerita Si Lebah and Cerita Si Kupu-Kupu. The researcher takes the data from that’s book found 22 data there are 1 data is Level Shift and 21 data is category shift. Then, from Cerita si Lebah was found 9 data, they are level shift and category shift. The category shifts found are unit shift, structure shift and class shift. From Cerita Si Kupu-Kupu book found 13 data they are category shift, they are structure shift and Intra system shift. So, it can be concluded that the translation shift found in two short are mostly category shift.
Da poética à linguagem religiosa em Paul Ricoeur
Authors: Pacheco Marcio de Lima
Published: October 2019

A poética permite uma atividade mimética e interpretativa que possibilita, por sua vez, um aprofundamento no conceito de mimesis, como imaginário que une a meditação entre o real e o leitor. Isso é, a dimensão essencialmente simbólica contida na linguagem religiosa, bíblica, permite designar a própria relação entre algo que não é linguagem (símbolo, que sempre dá a pensar) e o próprio exprimir a existência humana através dos textos sagrados. A linguagem tem um caráter de construtora da realidade e está intimamente ligada à existência humana. E se ela se liga à existência humana, logo pode expressar, através dos textos sagrados, uma esperança.
O mal, a liberdade e o paradoxo ético em Paul Ricoeur
Authors: Pacheco Marcio de Lima
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo pretende apresentar a visão do mal, da liberdade e do paradoxo ético no homem em Paul Ricoeur (1913-2005). Para empreender tal busca partiremos dos textos mais notórios do filosofo francês, a saber: Philosophie de la Volonté: 1) Finitude et Culpabilité 2) La Symbolique du Mal (1960) e O Conflito das Interpretações (1969). Portanto, a metodologia desse artigo é de caráter bibliográfico
Por que não Hobbes?
Authors: Secco Márcio
Published: October 2019

Meu objetivo neste artigo é apresentar as principais críticas de John Rawls à teoria moral de Thomas Hobbes, apontando a principal distinção entre o contratualismo hobbesiano e a teoria contratualista proposta por Rawls. O principal objetivo é esclarecer a razão pela qual Rawls exclui a teoria hobbesiana do rol de teorias aptas a servirem de base para a teoria da justiça. Para tanto, o principal foco é o status das Leis de natureza, que na concepção de Rawls não podem ser interpretadas como princípios que indicam obrigações morais em sentido estrito.
A derrogação da Lei de Anistia no caso brasileiro
Authors: Xavier de Oliveira Marcus Vinícius
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho, duplamente estruturado sobre argumentos da filosofia política e jurídica e da dogmática constitucional, penal e dos direitos humanos, busca enfrentar, a partir dos próprios postulados e fundamentos da Ciência Jurídica, a controvérsia acerca da (im)possibilidade de derrogação da Lei de Anistia de 1979 em decorrência da sentença proferida pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos no Caso Gomes Lund, e que é proporcionalmente contrária à decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal na ADPF 153. Para tanto, fundamentando os argumentos centrais sobre os postulados da autonomia do direito e da razão prática, buscou-se superar a antinomia entre as duas decisões a partir da cláusula pro homine. Assim, logo após expor esses fundamentos iniciais, enfrentou-se o problema da origem da Lei de Anistia, situado no contexto identificado como constitucionalismo de transição. Em tópico seguinte, foram apresentados os principais pontos fáticos, jurídicos e jurisprudenciais da controvérsia, em especial um resumo das decisões judiciais objeto do estudo. Nos dois últimos tópicos, logo após apresentar os principais fundamentos para a solução de antinomias reais – o dever de coerência e o postulado da razão prática -, buscou-se dilucidar a origem dos argumentos a favor da derrogação, bem como os princípios jurídicos que impediriam tal fato. Ao final conclui-se pela impossibilidade jurídica de tal medida, tendo como fundamento os princípios da estrita legalidade em Direito Penal e da irretroatividade.
A esfera da ação como espaço de aparecimento dos homens em Hannah Arendt
Authors: Castro Cláudia Bhrenna Falcão
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo mostrar como a ação – e o discurso, como estando intimamente ligado à aquela –, conceito fundamental na filosofia de Hannah Arendt, se apresenta como um critério indispensável para o movimento empreendido pelos homens de saída de um lugar privado, para um espaço público, e, por conseguinte, do aparecimento no mundo humano, revelando, assim, não só os seus corpos biológicos, mas os aspectos plurais de seres únicos. Pretende-se, portanto, expor a ascensão humana de um contexto particular para o público, frente ao desvelamento do “quem”, tendo em vista as características advindas da pluralidade. Para isso, teremos em perspectiva primeira o capítulo V de “A Condição Humana”, onde Hannah Arendt apresentou de maneira mais detida os conceitos que aqui nos ocuparemos.
Considerações sobre o início da Ciência: Ser puro em Hegel
Authors: Souza Gabriela Nascimento
Published: October 2019

A argumentação que aqui se apresenta tem como objetivo fazer algumas considerações sobre o início da Ciência que nos permitam uma descrição mais clara do Ser puro em Hegel. Sabe-se que o Ser puro para Hegel é indefinível, não há uma tese propriamente dita, apenas a afirmação de um início imediato, indeterminado e idêntico a si mesmo. Partindo de considerações sobre os movimentos lógicos de uma filosofia científica nos perguntamos sobre o que consiste a mediação imediata do início da Ciência da Lógica.
Apresentação
Authors: Bavaresco Agemir , Lara Eduardo Garcia
Published: October 2019

Apresentação
A Defesa Siciliana de Hegel: a Relação da Lógica da Essência com a Metafísica, o Ceticismo e a Filosofia Transcendental
Authors: Vieweg Klaus
Published: October 2019

Hegels Logik gleicht in manchem dem tollkühnen Unternehmen des Odysseus, das Erkennen in der Logik soll laut eigener Auskunft weder dem allverschlingenden Sog der Skylla namens Unmittelbarkeit noch den Charybdis-Fangarmen der gefräßigen Vermittlung anheimfallen. Eine herausragende Rolle in dieser theoretischen Konzeption kommt Hegels Wesenslogik zu: „Der ganze zweite Teil der Logik, die Lehre von dem Wesen, ist Abhandlung der wesentlichen sich setzenden Einheit der Unmittelbarkeit und der Vermittlung.“ (Enzyklopädie § 65). Damit versucht Hegel eine dritte Philosophie zu entwickeln, jenseits von einem Dogmatismus der Unmittelbarkeit (des Nicht-Relationalen) und einem Skeptizismus (Relativismus) der Vermittlung (des Relationalen). Oder mit anderen Worten: Es geht um die Überwindung der Antinomie von subjektivem Idealismus/Konstruktivismus und Objektivismus/Realismus. Im Blick auf die heutigen Reanimationsversuche dieser beiden einseitigen Positionen könnte Hegels Vorschlag von hoher Aktualität sein. Es geht so um einen Kernpunkt des heute erforderlichen Hegelian turn in der Philosophie.
A quantidade em Hegel
Authors: Gonçalves Ângela
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo tem a finalidade de explicar o que significa a quantidade em Hegel, e, também, a importância crucial da contradição e da identidade da metafísica com a lógica, mostrando para tal, a crítica de Hegel às antinomias kantianas. Explica como ocorre a passagem da qualidade para a quantidade, o que significa o Ser-para-si, que também é um Ser-para-Outro, e, que, o limite entre eles é indiferente e sem determinação, portanto esta indiferença se chama quantidade. Após explica o que é a quantidade pura, identificando e explicando os seus dois momentos: a continuidade e a discrição. Estas grandezas são apontadas por Hegel, com o objetivo de pressupor o quantum, quer dizer, a quantidade com limite. Caracteriza-se o quantum, mostrando suas diferenciações como o número e o grau. Por fim, mostra que Hegel introduz suas discussões sobre a contradição a partir das antinomias kantianas, pois Kant põe para cada antinomia uma contradição. Todavia, Hegel faz críticas a elas em consequência da irresolução que Kant apresenta sobre a unidade dos opostos, porque cada um dos quais, isolados em si mesmos, não tem determinação. Ademais, Kant converte as antinomias em algo subjetivo, portanto irresoluto objetivamente. Kant não valorizou a contradição e negligenciou que cada conceito apresenta sua verdade em seu contraditório.
Sobre uma intencionalidade fenomenal
Authors: Rodrigues Filho Márcio Francisco
Published: October 2019

Neste ensaio oferecemos duas razões para se acreditar em um programa de pesquisa relativamente novo em filosofia da mente: A Teoria da Intencionalidade Fenomenal. Abordamos como esta teoria se fez, clareando seu aspecto mais importante e para isso, mostramos porque a intencionalidade fenomenal se fundamenta nas propriedades fenomenais da experiência consciente dos sujeitos para formar os conteúdos mentais que, são tidos aqui como propriedades intrínsecas da experiência consciente. Por fim, apresentaremos dois argumentos que defendem 1) a existência de estados intencionais fenomenais internalistas e 2) a intencionalidade fenomenal como fonte primária (intrínseca/genuína) da própria intencionalidade.
Privação e estado de nulidade: significações da ontologia do mal no pensamento de Agostinho de Hipona
Authors: Lorenzetti Darlan
Published: October 2019

O presente trabalho visa analisar aspectos referentes à problemática do mal, e, por conseguinte, elementos de sua nulidade ontológica no pensamento de Agostinho de Hipona. Para tanto, toma como referência sobretudo alguns pontos de reflexão empreendidos pelo Bispo de Hipona em sua obra clássica sobre o tema: o diálogo O livre-arbítrio. Inicialmente procura demonstrar a similaridade existente entre a compreensão firmada por Agostinho e o entendimento anteriormente apresentado pelo pensamento grego, sobretudo de viés platônico em torno à questão do mal. Assim como compreendia Platão, Agostinho afirma a noção de mal de um ponto de vista negativo, isto é, o mal só adquire estatuto ontológico na medida em que se constitui como contradição, carência e afastamento do Bem, ou seja, da plenitude do Ser em sentido metafísico. Assim sendo, a reflexão busca demonstrar como na perspectiva agostiniana este Ser, em estado de plenitude e perfeição ontológica, é pensado e definido como Deus. Sendo Deus criador de todas as coisas existentes, não poderia ser ele o ente gerador do mal. Deste modo, o mal assume caráter e sentido negativo do ponto da ontologia, sendo explicado como decorrência dos atos morais humanos empreendidos pelo livre-arbítrio.
Apresentação à Seção Temática
Authors: Danner Leno , Konzen Paulo Roberto , Dagios Magnus
Published: October 2019

Apresentação à Seção Temática
O que é Esclarecimento em Immanuel Kant
Authors: De Oliveira Amanda Silva , Konzen Paulo Roberto
Published: October 2019

O presente trabalho busca discutir a questão do Esclarecimento na concepção do filósofo alemão Immanuel Kant e a relação que tem com a menoridade e a autonomia do ser humano, mostrando a relevância dessa questão nos dias atuais, bem como abordar o papel da educação no processo de esclarecimento do homem. Kant responde a pergunta levantada em seu opúsculo Resposta à pergunta: O que é Esclarecimento? [“Aufklärung”] sobre o atual estado da humanidade, no que se refere à independência de pensamento e moralidade do homem, procurando fornecer uma solução e mostrar o caminho para a saída do homem do estado que ele chama de menoridade. Apresentadas essas ideias sobre o Esclarecimento, procurou-se mostrar como a educação contribui bastante no processo esclarecedor do homem desde sua tenra idade até a idade adulta. A busca pelo Esclarecimento é a busca pelo conhecimento, pela racionalidade, pela liberdade; é buscar entender e usar esse entendimento para basear suas ações; agir de acordo com o caráter. Ora, e não é esse o papel da educação? Formar futuros cidadãos de bem, racionais e autônomos? Sobre isso, percebem-se como essas questões afetam a humanidade, uma vez que seu progresso se dá a partir do conhecimento, do Esclarecimento, da educação. A evolução do ser humano, enquanto espécie, depende de sua educação, de seu Esclarecimento.
O Papel da Vontade na Filosofia Política de Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Authors: Pires Felipe Augusto Mariano
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho buscou entender os conceitos de vontade de todos, vontade do corpo e vontade geral em Rousseau, buscando a relação destes com a ideia de tirania do povo e a participação do povo no poder. Vimos que quem ocupa a centralidade da filosofia política de Rousseau é o seu conceito de vontade geral, regendo o Estado legítimo e retirando a virtude da centralidade do núcleo argumentativo da filosofia política e que a vontade geral lida com a ideia de tirania do povo através de um mecanismo que exclui a vontade de todos e coloca o povo como corpo soberano e legislador, o que define uma boa forma de governo.
A PARTILHA SUCESSÓRIA NA UNIÃO ESTÁVEL, SUSTENTABILIDADE E A DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA
Authors: Gomes Magno Federici , Oliveira Marina de Sá Souza , Batista Patrícia
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo busca analisar a decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) que declarou inconstitucional o art. 1.790 do Código Civil (CC), que diferenciava a sucessão pós-morte para o companheiro supérstite na união estável. Buscar-se-á compreender os fundamentos da referida decisão mediante uma análise histórico-social, bem como entender as repercussões sociais dela decorrentes. Objetiva-se, também, a análise detida da decisão referida, com vistas a entender quais foram os elementos que a fundamentaram. O trabalho pauta-se no método teórico documental do tipo dedutivo, com exploração doutrinária, jurisprudencial e legal, vez se apoia na doutrina jurídica nacional, na legislação e nos votos proferidos pelos ministros na referida decisão. Entendeu-se que a decisão do STF refletiu os valores sociais brasileiros e equalizou o tratamento de sujeitos em situações semelhantes, refletindo o que se pretende nas previsões constitucionais, como uma forma de se verem respeitados os princípios constitucionais que permeiam todo o ordenamento jurídico, notadamente os princípios da igualdade, da vedação ao retrocesso, da sustentabilidade e da dignidade da pessoa humana.
A LEGALIDADE DAS ASSOCIAÇÕES DE PROTEÇÃO VEICULAR COMO ÓBICE AO REGIME FISCALIZATÓRIO PREVISTO NO DECRETO – LEI Nº 73 DE 1966
Authors: Santos Henrique de Almeida , Monteiro Thiago Loures Machado Moura
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a legalidade das Associações de Proteção Veicular e a incompetência da SUSEP para fiscalização, tendo em vista as diferenças existentes entre contrato de seguro e proteção automotiva, e ainda a necessidade de criação de uma autarquia para fiscalização das associações, tendo por base a legislação brasileira e decisão do STJ. Construída essa base, verifica-se que as associações têm fundamento na Constituição Federal de 1988, no Código Civil de 2002 e no enunciado 185 da III Jornada de Direito Civil e que a criação de uma autarquia para fiscalização se dá em razão do interesse público e da incompetência da SUSEP para fiscalizar e regulamentar. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com metodologia jurídico-teórica e raciocínio descritivo e explicativo, com técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e estudo de caso. Concluiu-se que as associações são institutos jurídicos de direito privado, de acordo com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e que são indevidamente fiscalizados pela SUSEP, pelo que se faz necessária a criação de uma autarquia específica para fiscalização e regulamentação das associações.
A MEDIAÇÃO COMO MEIO EMANCIPADOR DO CONFLITO E REGASTE DA CIDADANIA
Authors: Martins Janete Rosa
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo estudar a mediação como meio emancipatório do conflito e resgate da cidadania; quanto ao método utilizado é o hipotético dedutivo, a partir de um problema com a verificação de hipótese. Discute a teoria do conflito, mediação e cidadania. Constata-se que a mediação é o meio para o resgate da cidadania, que está inserido no contexto dos direitos humanos e que precisa de um diálogo respeitoso, com sensibilidade, solidariedade e transformação para a concretização dos direitos e da paz social.
Kecerdasan Networking Dalam Dakwah Islam
Authors: Shunhaji Akhmad
Published: October 2019

Kecerdasan networking merupakan kecerdasan dasar yang dikembangkan dari potensi sosial manusia. Sejak lahir, manusia te- lah memiliki kecerdasan networking sebagai dasar pengembangan sifat sosial kemanusiaannya. Kecerdasan ini dapat dimanfaatkan un- tuk pelaksanaan dakwah Islam. Kecerdasan networking memberikan kontribusi  positif kepada para Dai dalam melaksanakan dakwah. Para  dai yang melaksanakan dakwah dengan  menjalankan  prin- sip-prinsip kecerdasan networking, cenderung diterima dengan baik oleh masyarakat.
Problem Penulisan Mushaf al-Qur’an dengan Rasm Utsmani: Analisis Pandangan Syekh Muhammad Thahir bin Abdul Qadir al-Kurdi
Authors: Zen A Muhaimin
Published: October 2019

Penulisan  mushaf  al-Qur’an  pada  rasm  Utsmani  kerap menjadi salah satu perdebatan dikalangan qurra’ (pembaca) mushaf al-Qur’an. Perdebatan itu seputar boleh tidaknya penulisan Mushaf dengan menggunakan Rasm Utsmani. Pertanyaan tersebut, menja- di paparan dalam tulisan ini terkait persoalan Rasm dan pandangan Syekh Muhammad Thahir bin Abdul Qadir al-Kurdi sebagai salah satu pakar di bidang Rasm.
The Prophethood and the “Khatam al-Nabiyyin” Within the Qur’anic Perspective
Authors: Hude Muhammad Darwis
Published: October 2019

Both the term  prophet  and messenger are used in Al- Qur’an, either  concurrently  or  respectively on  its own. The two terms indeed have been long debated by Islamic scholars if there is any distinction between them. Some say there is a definite difference between the two, while some others insist they are a distinction wit- hout a difference but in meaning. Irrespective of the differences, the Islamic scholars agreed that all the prophets and messengers have one same message to convey from the beginning, that is the call to worship one God only. They are on the opinion that there is no hu- man theological evolution ever happened like it was claimed by those who believe in the evolution theory. They assure human belief system remains the same from the day one the religion was known, that is monotheistic in concept. Should there be any difference from one to another, it is all about the syariah tenets that each messenger or prophet brought with them. Obviously, the tenets developed from time to time and came to its perfection under the era of the prophet of Muhammad peace be upon him. Thus, it is unanimously agreed among the Islamic scholar that Muhammad peace be upon him is the final prophet and messenger and the seal of the prophethood.
TAFSIR AL-MUKTHASHARAH NAJAMUDDIN AL-THUFI PADA PENYELESAIAN HATESPEECH
Authors: Pambayun Ellys Lestari
Published: October 2019

Hate speech or known as hatespeech has been known since the time of the Prophet Adam as and occurs in all the lives of all Prophets in the form of zur, slander, namimah, tajasus, ghibah, hasud, and so on. As a result of this form of negative communication the effects on the prophets and their people cannot be imagined. Hatespeech, which was launched by the infidels against Islam and Muslims or which led to the term 'Islamophobia', apparently also has existed since the time of the Prophet. In the early days of the preaching of the Prophet Muhammad, great hostility and attacks against Islam actually appeared in the midst of Arab society which incidentally was a compatriot of the Prophet himself namely in the Makkiyah period (610-622 AD) led by central figures of Quraish like Abu Jahal and Abu Lahab. This paper aims to analyze the case of hatespeech settlement using mau'dhui or thematic methods through the interpretation of Maslahah Najmuddin Al-Thufi as a product of the decline of Islam in particular, as well as Islamic law that demands reform efforts. The results of the study describe that the utterance of hatred in the ahkam at-Thuffi's interpretation method is considered to be devoid of problems, in contrast to mufasadat or harm. Because al-Thufi carries theories and concepts that are very fundamental in the dimension of human activity, in the context of this negative communication behavior namely the benefit of humans as the highest goal of Islamic shari'ah.
KONSEPSI RELASI SOSIAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Sholichah Aas Siti
Published: October 2019

Appreciation of the Qur'an in social relations is implied in the QS. Al-Hujurat / 49: 13. In this verse Allah SWT created tribal men, women, nationalities, different languages, even each human being has differences both physically and personally. The purpose of human creation is to get to know one another, which can form a fabric of cooperation and synergy. Mutual respect and respect in different beliefs, nations, tribes, and countries are also different languages, so as to create peace and tranquility in social life.
Pengaruh Lafazh Nāṣ al-‘Ᾱm (Umum) dan Nāṣ al-Khāṣ (Khusus) pada Ijtihād Para Ulama
Authors: Mahmuddin Ronny
Published: October 2019

Moslem scholars are the prophets’ heir. There have been the Islam treasuries which they have bequeathed for Islam generations. That it cannot be denied happens diﬀerence of their ijtihād in doing istinbāṭ the law of a problem, but their diﬀerences are based on argumentation, although there is the better opinion than others (rājiḥ). It is related with that, the existence of the Common and special texts in al-Qur’ān and Hadith is one of factors inﬂuencing the moslem scholars’ ijtihād in doing istinbāṭ (to decide) the law of a problem.

Keyword : Lafaz, Nāṣ, Ijtih ṣ ād.
Metode Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Sam Zulfiah
Published: October 2019

The assembling of learning method will not work eﬀectively andefciently as a companion media in learning without a sufcientmethod knowledge. A method of traditional Arabic Learning isan arabic learning method that focused on “language as thescientifc tradition” so that learning an arabic means learning anarabic in details, either grammatically/sintactically (Qawā’id alNaḥwu), morpheme/accidence (Qaw ḥ ā’id al-Ṣarf) or literature ḥ(ādāb). The main aspects in learning arabic are : listening,speaking, reading and writing. The four aspects are mutualrelated, for example, a listening skill contributes to adevelopment of speaking skill, both skills are strengthened byreading skill, while writing skill contributes to a reading skill inthe text or document form.

Keyword : Metode, Bahasa Arab.
Al-Quran sebagai Sumber Agama Islam
Authors: Syaripudin Ahmad
Published: October 2019

As the divine revelation, al-Qur’ān is not a tught product and Mohammad’s creation. So that, those who say that al-Qur’ān is a thought product and Mohammad’s creation, are not right and irresponsibility. If we look at historically and the revelation process of al-Qur’ān, it was not revealed by accident, but it was revealed periodically, little by litte and verse by verse. The use of its revealation depends on the place and social matters. From this aspect, some of the Qur’anic verses are the answers for the social matters occures among the human beings. The knowledge of al-Qur’ān includes the meaning, characteristic, names, descent time of al-Qur’ān, Makkiyyah and Madaniyyah verses, Asbāb al-Nuzūl, and so on.
Al Khawarij dan Al Murjiah Sejarah dan Pokok Ajarannya
Authors: Syandri
Published: October 2019

The emergence of diverse schools in Islam began with the assassination of Uṡman bin Aﬀan. These groups were basically one of the decline causes in the Moslem, and the frst emerging group among all other groups was Khawarij, a group with Takfr ideology that is to accuse great sinner of apostasy. This ideology is indeed an extreme one. However, another contradicted extreme group appeared that is known as Murji’ah with its doctrine believing that the sins will not give any inﬂuence towards the faith of a Moslem. Therefore, this study will illustrate the origins and the doctrines of both extreme groups, and among the results, it can be inferred that these groups continuously experienced internal conﬂicts since their early emergence during the reign of caliph Uṡman bin Aﬀan until the formation of varioussects of each groups.
Konspesi Pengukuran Kinerja Organisasi Kemasyarakatan (Ormas) dengan Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Iskandar
Published: October 2019

Pengukuran kinerja sangat penting bagi organisasi kemasyarakatan (ormas) untuk mengetahui efektifitas sistem yang berjalan dalam organisasi tersebut sertauntuk mengatur pola kerja bagi pengurus dan karyawannya. Banyak metode yang dapat dipergunakan untuk mengukur kinerja organisasi, diantaranya Balanced Scorecard dan cara tradisional. Dalam tulisan ini yang dibahas adalah metode Balanced Scorecard untuk mengukur kinerja organisasi pada empat perspektif yaitu perspektif obyek dakwah, perspektif keuangan, perspektif proses internal dan perspektif karyawan dan kapasitas organisasi. Balanced Scorecard juga digunakan untuk menggambarkant kurva kinerja organisasi dengan melakukan skoring terlebih dahulu.
Faktor-faktor Kebolehan al-Mubtada berupa Isim Nakirah dalam Kajian Ilmu Nahwu
Authors: Mahmuddin Ronny
Published: October 2019

One of the subjects in the study of Nahwu Knowledge is al-Mubtada. AlMubtada is one of the important elements in a sentence. One cause of imperfect sentence is due to unfamiliarity with al-Mubtada’ and the absence of al-Mubtada’. Beginner students in studying Nahwu only understand that al-Mubtada has to be in a form of Ism Ma’rifah and not in a form of Ism Nakirah. However, if it is further analyzed, al-Mubtada in a form of Ism Nakirah can be found. Therefore, the author of this paper attempted to explain about “Conditions on al-Mubtada in a form of Ism Nakirah in the study of Nahwu knowledge”. Before explaining further on this subject, the author previously mentioned definitions of al-Mubtada, kinds of al-Mubtada, and the grammar of al-Mubtada. Therefore, the readers may achieve comprehensive understanding of al-Mubtada in the study of Nahwu Knowledge. This paper is analyzed by applying literature method.
Peran Snouck Hurgronje dalam Merancang Sistem Pendidikan Sekuler di Indonesia dan Dampaknya bagi Kaum Pribumi Islam
Authors: Abbas Irwan , Mahmuddin Ronny , Hasnidar
Published: October 2019

The secular education system is an education system that separates explicitly between religion and science. Indigenous Indonesians began to recognize the secular education system from the Netherlands at the beginning of the 20th century. Through critical historical methods found: 1) The teachings of jihad in Islam played an important role in encouraging natives to fight in the Netherlands. 2) The teachings of jihad in Islam have made the Netherlands traumatized by indigenous resistance. While the Dutch themselves still want to continue to colonize the natives. 3) How to distance the teachings of Islamic Jihad from the natives is the great homework of Dutch so that the Dutch can still colonize Indonesia? 4) Snouck Hurgronje is a Leiden scientist who managed to provide solutions to the Netherlands. 5) Implementing a secular education system is the solution given by Snouck to the Netherlands. 6) Through the secular education system, the Dutch did succeed in ali.enating the minds of the natives from Islam. 7) The secular education system succeeded in building new beliefs for indigenous children. Their new belief is that the presence of Islam in Indonesia has made Indonesia suffer a setback. 8) They provide a solution, that if the Indonesian people want to achieve progress, then the Indonesian people must ignore religion and focus on developing secular science as the main means of advancing Indonesia in the future.
SUPERVISION AND INSPECTION AS VERITABLE
TOOLS FOR QUALITY CONTROL IN SECONDARY
SCHOOLS IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: V.O. Adesua,
Published: October 2019

Secondary education occupies a unique position in the educational system of Nigeria. This level of
education is the intermediary between the primary level of education and tertiary levels of education. Due to
the unique position of this level of education in Nigerian Educational System, the National Policy of
Education (2014), states that the broad goals of secondary education shall be to prepare individual for useful
living within the society and higher education. It would be realized that the extent to which these goals can be
actualized will depend on the quality of education provided in the secondary school. School supervision and
inspection are carried out as an instrument for maintaining standards and quality control, so that the school
system can be put on the right track in the course of achieving its goal. This paper, therefore, examines school
supervision and inspection as veritable tools for ensuring quality control in selected secondary schools in Ekiti
State, Nigeria. The research instrument designed for the study was a questionnaire tagged School supervision
and inspection and quality control in secondary schools (SSIQCSS). The population of the study comprises
teachers in Ekiti State. A total of 100 teachers were purposely selected, this formed the sample of the study.
Findings revealed that supervision and inspection served as a measure for quality control in our secondary
schools, school Principals also embarked on regular routine school inspection, also, routine inspection carried
out by school inspectors serve as a means to maintain quality control in secondary schools in Ekiti State. Thus,
based on the findings of the study, the need to embark upon more modern techniques of supervision and
inspection to improve the quality of education in secondary schools was recommended. The educational system
must be adequately funded so that there would be high level of quality and efficiency. Modern techniques of
supervision should be adopted or replaced with old ones. Finally, there is the need for collaborative efforts on
the part of all education stakeholders to devise more quality control measures that can save the educational
system from total collapse.
KEY WORDS: Supervision, Inspection, Quality Control, Secondary Schools
Un caso de balantidiasis humana asintomática
Authors: Angulo Camacho Hans Ruddy , Camacho Camata Juan Jose
Published: October 2019

Se presenta un caso de Balantidiasis humana, el hallazgo del parasito fue accidental, se realizó un estudio coproparasitologico a una estudiante en la práctica de parasitología de la carrera de medicina, observándose quistes y trofozoitos de Balantidium Coli. Esta no presentaba síntomas actuales ni en el pasado, tampoco tiene antecedentes de contactos con cerdos, siendo este el factor de riesgo que se considera más importante para contraer esta parasitosis Se usó metronidazol como tratamiento, confirmando después la eliminación del parasito.

Conflictos de InteresesLos autores declaramos no tener conflictos de interés para el presente estudio.
Características de la automedicación en el distrito 3 ciudad de Cochabamba.
Authors: Valencia Alanes Efraín , Ayaviri Dilean Elfy , Fernandez Zambrana Jimena , Camera Rech Naicon Jean , Santos Alan F.
Published: October 2019

Introducción: La automedicación es la principal causa de consumo de medicamentos dentro del uso irracional de fármacos, se ha convertido en un problema de salud, constituyendo un potencial de riesgo para las personas. El objetivo del estudio es, determinar características sobre la automedicación. Metodología: Es descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo. La muestra seleccionada corresponde a 1200 habitantes mayores de 18 años residentes del distrito 3, ciudad de Cochabamba. Resultados: 36 (3 %) no consume medicamentos sin receta médica y 1164 (97 %) lo hace. Las fuentes de información para la automedicación son: televisión 48 (4 %), internet 252 (21 %), familia 396 (33 %), prescripción anterior 324 (27 %) y otras fuentes de información 180 (15 %). Los síntomas frecuentes para la automedicación son: Cefalea 372 (31 %), mialgia 336 (28 %), fiebre 288 (24 %), diarrea 48 (4 %) y otros 156 (13 %). Los fármacos frecuentes que consumen por automedicación son: Analgésicos 348 (29 %), antibióticos 264 (22 %), antigripales 216 (18 %), antiinflamatorios 288 (24 %), antiulcerosos 36 (3 %) y vitaminas 48 (4 %). Discusión: La automedicación es elevada en relación con otros estudios. Los familiares son la principal fuente de información para conocer sobre medicamentos y la cefalea es el síntoma principal para esta práctica con el consumo de analgésicos.
Parques contaminados con Giardia lamblia por heces de perros, una posible zoonosis.
Authors: Luján Marañón Libertad Bolivia , E Ugarte Rodriguez Maria Jose , Escobar Hinojosa Max Linder , Rocha Joseana , Orellana Aguilar Maria Lorena
Published: October 2019

Introducción: Los parques están contaminados por heces de perro y las personas tienen contacto con formas parasitarias en estas áreas con césped. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la presencia de Giardia lamblia en muestras de heces de canes recolectadas en los parques de la ciudad de Cochabamba. Metodología: Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal y prospectivo en 4 parques de Cochabamba. Lincoln, Demetrio Canelas, Ex-Combatientes, y La Torre de febrero. a mayo del 2019, la población de estudio estuvo conformada por 107 muestras de heces de canes y posteriormente se procesaron por el método de frotis directo simple. Resultados: El 56 % no se observaron parásitos, 29 % otros parásitos y el 15 % se identificó quistes de Giardia lamblia. Discusión: Los parques de Cochabamba están contaminados con Giardia lamblia. Siendo una fuente importante de zoonosis, lo cual se correlaciona con datos de estudios que reportan elevadas tasas de giardiasis en niños.