bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronic caffeine ingestion improves memory and learning and increases neuronal population and dendritic length in the hippocampus of adult mice
Authors: Olopade Funmilayo
Published: June 2022

Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world, ingested as natural components of chocolate, coffee and tea and as added components to soda and energy drinks. Here we assessed behavioural changes caused by chronic caffeine administration as well as morphological changes within specific regions of the adult mice brain: the hippocampus and amygdala. Twenty-four adult male albino mice were randomly divided into three groups. Caffeine was administered daily by gavage for 8 weeks at a dosage of 20 mg/kg for low dose (LD) group and 60 mg/kg for high dose (HD) group while the third group served as control (CNT). After the period of administration, neurobehavioural tasks were carried out; Morris water maze for learning and memory open field test and elevated plus maze test for anxiety. The mice were sacrificed; their brain tissues were harvested and processed for H&E, Cresyl violet and Golgi staining, and assessed qualitatively and quantitatively. Quantitative data from the neurobehavioural tests and neuronal cell counts were expressed as means ± standard errors of means and compared across the groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significance was set at p< 0.05.
Mice in the high dose group learnt faster and had significantly increased number of platform crossings in the Morris water maze test. There was, however, a slightly increased level of anxiety in the caffeine-treated mice, compared to controls. Histo-morphometric analysis revealed significantly increased number of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus in the low dose group, but a decreased neuronal count in the amydala of the low dose and high dose groups compared to controls. The pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus of the caffeine-treated mice had increased apical dendritic length compared to the controls. Our findings strengthen the available data suggesting that prolonged caffeine intake improves cognition, and this process could be mediated by promoting the growth of dendrites and increased number of neurons. However, this is coupled with an increased tendency to be anxiogenic.
Demography of Bulgaria During the Middle Ages
Authors: Shterionov Shteliyan
Published: June 2022

Clarifying the demographic state of humankind during all periods of its historical development is an issue that has long been of interest to the scientific community. This paper traces the specifics and trends in the dynamics of the main demographic processes and structures of the population inhabiting Bulgaria during the Middle Ages. Their analysis allows us to establish that, during the period under review, the Bulgarian state’s characteristic demographic potential was formed with its establishment. The way it was created and the specifics of its subsequent development predetermined its sustainability, and allowed it to preserve its identity despite many negative processes.
Qigong Рsychophysical Gymnastics in the Assessment of People Practicing It
Authors: Kostenok Pavel
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of a research into the qigong psychophysical gymnastics effect on a person in the assessment of people practicing it. The research method was a questionnaire. The sample included forty-six respondents of both genders who have different experience in practicing qigong. The data obtained have confirmed the positive effect of this type of gymnastics on the physical and mental human health, as well as on physical fitness.
Concerning imperfect participles in the formation of the Bulgarian present perfect and the non-witnessing of its third-person forms
Authors: Kabakchiev Krasimir
Published: June 2022

Bulgarian linguistic publications describe (non-)witnessing of the perfect in different and controversial terms. Many do not tackle the issue, some claim that the perfect is neutral as to witnessing. Prevalent is the view that three major separate values, grammaticalized, underlie the sam+-l (i.e., be+past active participle) forms: perfect, inferential, re-narrative. But if these are three homonymous grammemes and the perfect is neutral as to witnessing, it will turn out that perfects counter inferentials and re-narratives with this specific property absent in the latter two – because they are strictly non-witnessed. Such a thesis would be defective, however, because third-person present perfect forms, much more frequent, are non-witnessed, with no exception at all. They are non-witnessed also when formed from imperfect participles. Non-third-person perfect forms are subject to further study. But the status of third-person perfect forms as non-witnessed must be incorporated into Bulgarian grammars, because the absence of this major characteristic discredits them.
Transformation of quotations in news headlines
Authors: Koeva Silviya
Published: June 2022

The paper focuses on the news headlines on popular Bulgarian websites, which are presented as citations/ quotations belonging to famous and/or influential persons (or organizations, institutions) and in which an inaccurate transformation of the original statement can be detected. The texts are analyzed from a linguistic and a pragmatic aspect in order to review some of the current speech tactics, mechanisms and expressions that are used for achieving the desired effect. The paper also attempts to define which of the described characteristics are deliberately used and what is the effect on the process of text reception.
ENDÜSTRİ 4.0 VE EVRİMCİ İKTİSAT
Authors: AKSOY Suat
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada evrimci iktisat yaklaşımı kapsamında, teknolojik gelişme konusu ve içinde bulunduğumuz Endüstri 4.0: Akıllı Üretim-Dijital Ekonomi (E4.0) dönemi analiz edilmektedir. Analizde, değişim halinde bir olgu olan E4.0’ın kapitalizmin bütünsel işleyişi içinde nerede durduğunu göstermek amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışma iki kısımdan oluşmaktadır. Birinci kısımda evrimci iktisadın teknoloji olgusuna dair yaklaşımı neo-klasik ve Marksist iktisatla karşılaştırmalı olarak mercek altına alınmaktadır. İkinci olarak ise Sanayi Devrimi’nden bugüne üretim organizasyonunda görülen teknolojik değişimlerin ortaya çıkardığı dört endüstri dönemi arasındaki her bir geçişin devrim olarak mı yoksa evrimsel bir süreç olarak mı ele alınmasının daha doğru olacağı tartışılmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre E4.0 olgusu hem sadece teknik bir olgu olarak ele alındığında hem de büyüme ve sermaye birikimi ile olan ilişkisi üzerinden değerlendirildiğinde tıpkı kendinden önceki endüstri dönemleri gibi bir evrimsel süreç içinde ilerlediği ortaya çıkmıştır.
Determination of Dietary Knowledge among Patients Suffering from Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Khalid Sidra , Saher Sania , Aslam Maria
Published: June 2022

Chronic renal diseases are usually mentioned as decreased functioning of kidneys. The main symptoms includes in this disease are kidney damage, greater loss of albumin in urine and a reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The present study was aimed to determine the dietary knowledge about the patients that suffered in chronic renal failure along with various other impediments. A transverse study was performed for 4 months in Sir Ganga Ram Hospital and dataof one hundred patients with chronic kidney failure and impediments were selected. A non-probability sampling method was used to conduct this study. Out of the total 100 patients, 36% of patients knew the renal diet. While, only 28% of patients knew about potassium, 16% about phosphorous and 20% about salt restrictions. Similarly, 57% knew about red meat and 56% knew about pulses restriction. The symptoms of studied disease was more prevalent in males as compared to females which showed gender as major factor for the renal failure. The majority of sufferers were unaware of the renal diet and electrolyte restriction in diet. Moreover, patients were also using excessive fluid against the advice of doctors. It was concluded there is need to conduct such studies to aware the necessity of appropriate dietary in control of chronic renal failure.
Association of Insomnia with Comorbidities among Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospitals Lahore
Authors: Khalid Sidra , Ulfat Maham , Bashir Shahid , Irfan Tabeen , Seher Kinza , Tanveer Milhan , Latif Fiza , Mehdi Fariha , Rashid Zainab , Riaz Maham
Published: June 2022

Insomnia is a condition that affects an individual by inability to get sufficient quality sleep or problem in maintaining sleep that is important for healthy functioning, performance and wellbeing. There is very scarce data regarding insomnia and its relation with different diseases. The present study was aimed to find out the association of insomnia with comorbidities among patients visiting Tertiary Care Hospitals, Lahore. A cross sectional study was conducted from May 2019 to September 2019 in Tertiary Care Hospitals district Lahore. Interviews were conducted by researchers to collect data through Pre-Tested Questionnaire. Informed consent was first taken from all participants. Data were analyzed by using Chi-square to find out the association of insomnia with comorbidities through SPSS version 25.0. Thousand (n=1000) patients suffering from different diseases randomly selected to participate, of which 43.6% were male and 56.4% were female. Results of present study revealed that association of insomnia with the diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (p=0.05), diabetes mellitus m(p=0.001), gastrointestinal problems (p=0.034), premenstrual syndrome (p=0.00), joint pains (p=0.01) and prostate cancer (p=0.01) was found to be significant. While an insignificant association of insomnia was noticed with hypertension (p=0.850), hearing impairments (p=1.22), COPD (p=0.288). It was concluded that insomnia was most commonly present in the patients of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, premenstrual syndrome, gastro-intestinal problems, joint pains and prostate cancer.
EVALUATION OF APICAL DEBRIS EXTRUSION OF TWO FULL-ROTATING INSTRUMENTS, HYFLEX EDM AND RACE EVO, VERSUS TWO RECIPROCATING INSTRUMENTS, RECIPROC BLUE AND R-MOTION: AN IN-VITRO STUDY.
Authors: Abi Saad Carla , Abiad Roula
Published: June 2022

Complete cleaning and shaping of the root canal space is a mandatory stage for the success of root canal treatment. Extrusion of different materials apically during this step such as dentine debris, pulp tissue remnants, necrotic fragments, microorganisms and irrigants may occur. These extruded materials lead to periapical irritation, pain and/or swelling. To evaluate the apical debris extrusion of Race EVO and Hyflex EDM which are full-rotating instruments, versus R-motion and Reciproc Blue as reciprocating instruments. Forty extracted human mandibular premolar teeth were selected with single canals not affected by fluorosis, resorption, or fracture. Teeth were then randomly divided into four groups (n=10) according to the instrumentation files: R-motion (FKG), Reciproc blue (VDW), Race EVO (FKG) and Hyflex EDM (Colten). Extruded debris were collected and weighed using an analytical balance. All data collected from the study were statistically analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS). The mean of apical debris using Race EVO and Hyflex EDM were higher than those produced with R-motion and Reciproc blue. A significant difference was observed between the four experimental groups. Race EVO and Hyflex EDM showed comparable results. No significant difference was observed for R-motion with the other experimental groups. Reciproc Blue generated significant less apical debris than Hyflex EDM and Race EVO. Reciprocating files seem to produce less apical debris extrusion than full rotation files. Reciproc Blue generated significant less apical debris than Hyflex EDM and Race EVO. R-motion showed less debris apical debris extrusion, however without significant difference. Further studies are required to find the best technique and instrument that result in minimal apical debris extrusion, thus reducing the possibility of periapical tissue irritation.
DETECTION AND MONITORING MULTIPLE SHILLING ATTACK IN ONLINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS PREDICATED ON BISECTING K-MEANS CLUSTRING ALGORITHM
Authors: Journal IJSREM
Published: June 2022

While existing methods for detecting shillings attacks in online recommendation system are efficient in detecting individuals’ offenders, they are not as effective at detecting group shilling operations. Using the bisecting K-means clustering technique, we offer a method for detecting coordinated shilling attacks. To begin, we take the ratings for each item and split them into groups based on a predetermined amount of time. Second, we suggest using the proportion of product concentration and usage data to determine the degree of suspicion around potential groupings. Research performed on the Netflix and Amazon data sets validate the superiority of the suggested strategy over the gold standard techniques. KEYWORDS: ORS, bisecting K-means clustering technique, shilling attacks, dataset
Associations Between Trunk Muscle/Fat Composition, Narrowing Lumbar Disc Space, and Low Back Pain in Middle-Aged Farmers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Baek Sora , Park Hee-won , Kim Gowun
Published: June 2022

Objective To investigate the association of trunk fat and muscle composition, lumbar disc space narrowing, and low back pain in middle-aged farmers.Methods Fat and muscle areas were identified using standard Hounsfield unit ranges for adipose tissue and skeletal muscle with computed tomography images at the mid-L4 vertebral level. Trunk fat mass, muscle mass, and fat/muscle mass ratio were calculated. Low back pain was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The L4/5-disc space and low back pain were also assessed.Results Male had a higher total trunk, back, psoas, and abdominal muscle mass, and visceral fat; female had a higher subcutaneous fat mass and fat/muscle ratio. Pearson correlation coefficients with ODI for waist circumference, total fat mass, visceral fat mass, and fat/muscle ratio were all significant in female; only the fat/muscle ratio was significant in male. Pearson correlation coefficients with L4/5-disc space narrowing grades for visceral fat mass, total, back, and psoas muscle mass, and fat/muscle ratio, were all significant in female; total and back muscle mass, and fat/muscle ratio in male.Conclusion There were significant relationships between: fat indicators with low back pain; trunk muscle mass with lumbar disc degeneration; and fat/muscle ratio with both lumbar disc degeneration and low back pain. The fat/muscle ratio may be a useful index for low back pain.
Efficacy of Tibial Nerve Stimulation on Fecal Incontinence in Patients With Low Anterior Resection Syndrome Following Surgery for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Tazhikova Aigul , Makishev Abay , Bekisheva Aizhan , Dmitriyeva Mariya , Toleubayev Medet , Sabitova Alina
Published: June 2022

Objective To systematically review the available literature on the efficacy of tibial nerve stimulation on faecal incontinence and quality of life in adult patients with low anterior resection syndrome following surgery for colorectal cancer.Methods A primary search of electronic databases was conducted adopting a combination of search terms related to the following areas of interest: “efficacy”, “tibial nerve stimulation” and “low anterior resection syndrome”. A secondary search of the grey literature was performed in addition to checking the reference list of included studies and review papers. The review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. A descriptive analysis was used to integrate the review findings.Results Five distinct studies involving 116 patients met the inclusion criteria for the review. The included studies suggest that tibial nerve stimulation may have a positive effect on faecal incontinence and quality of life in some patients with low anterior resection syndrome and might be considered as an additional treatment option.Conclusion There were a limited number of studies and a great degree of heterogeneity of evidence due to differences in participants’ baseline characteristics, dropout rates, and follow-up periods. Further research adopting validated, consistent, and complex outcome assessment methods is recommended to determine the efficacy of tibial nerve stimulation for treatment of patients with low anterior resection syndrome.
Upaya peningkatan permainan bola basket melalui modifikasi permainan bola basket
Authors: Agustiawan Adityo , Asri Novri , Al Ghani M.
Published: June 2022

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dengan judul upaya peningkatan permainan bola basket melalui modifikasi permainan bola basket siswa  SMP Negeri 40 Palembang, bertujuan untuk membuktikan seberapa besar upaya pembelajaran peningkatan permainan bola basket melalui modifikasi permainan bola basket pada siswa siswi SMP Negeri 40 Palembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kumulatif. Dalam penelitian ini siswa siswi yang di teliti adalah siswa siswi kelas VII C yang berjumlah 40. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa siswi meningkat dari 34,81% pada data tes awal menjadi 43,44% pada akhir siklus I dan meningkat menjadi 54,12% pada akhir siklus II. Meningkatnya tingkat partisipasi peserta didik ditunjukkan dengan keaktifan siswa meningkat pada siklus 2 dari 64,31% pada siklus 1, menjadi 77,00% pada akhir siklus 2. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan teknik dasar permainan bola basket dapat di tingkatkan melalui upaya pembelajaran peningkatan permainan bola basket melalui modifikasi permainan bola basket pada siswa siswi SMP Negeri 40 Palembang.
Revitalisasi game asli Kabupaten Semarang Serok Mancung
Authors: Subagyo Danti Putri , Soegiyanto Soegiyanto , Irawan Fajar Awang
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara penggiat permainan tradisional Kabupaten Semarang dalam merevitalisasi permainan serok mancung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, data yang diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan miles hubermen, responden dalam penelitian ini yakni pengurus KPOTI Kabupaten Semarang, penggiat permainan tradisional, dan sesepuh permainan tradisional Kabupaten Semarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggiat dan pengurus KPOTI memilih sosialisasi sebagai bentuk upaya pembenahan permainan dan olahraga rakyat dengan dilakukan setiap minggu. Selain itu dalam usaha mengembangkan permainan ini, menetapkan alat dan aturan dengan anak usai dini sebagai sasarannya. Simpulan dan saran dalam penelitian ini yaitu sosialisasi yang dilakukan penggiat permainan tradisional dalam hal revitalisasi dikatakan berhasil di beberapa daerah seperti kecamatan Ungaran Timur, Ungaran Barat, dan Bergas. Namun sejauh ini belum ada dukungan dan apresiasi dari pemerintah daerah setempat terkait hal revitalisasi ini.
Using Residual Plots to Distinguish Cases of Predictor Omission in Linear Models
Authors: Nystrom Emily , Sharp Julia L. , Bridges, Jr. William C.
Published: June 2022

Residual plots are commonly used to diagnose possible model misspecification, including predictor omission. In this paper, we present a systematic workflow for using residual plots and partial residual plots to detect and distinguish several types of model misspecification in linear models. Our workflow uses a set of four Yes/No questions and is accessible to statisticians and practitioners of all experience levels.

Types of model misspecification considered by our workflow include four cases of predictor omission and two types of nonconstant variance. In particular, these cases of predictor omission are defined by the correlation and interaction status between the omitted predictor and the predictor included in the fitted model. Distinguishing cases of predictor omission is important because the impact of predictor omission can vary among cases. The interpretation of the parameter estimates in the statistical model can change depending on the approach.
"BUSINESS PROCESSES AND THEIR ACCOUNTING IMPROVEMENT"
Authors: Abdusalomova N.B.
Published: June 2022

In this article, the author focuses on current issues of business organization, the adaptation of
business process accounting to the external environment, the results of business accounting, the
role of business processes in the development of the necessary criteria of internal standards.
Improving public investment policy in the agricultural sector of the economy
Authors: Yangiboyev S.J.
Published: June 2022

The article defines the investment process as a category that combines targeted investments based
on the socio-economic benefits of investment and future income-generating operations, as well as
costs, savings, and capital growth. The relative effectiveness of investments in agriculture was also
assessed using the Agriculture Orientation Index (AOI) methodology in assessing investment activity
and performance in the agricultural sector
Analysis of small business production using dynamic econometric models
Authors: Toshaliyeva S.T.
Published: June 2022

This article is aimed at determining the changes in the socio-economic development process of small
entrepreneurship in the Surkhandarya region, in which the link between the GDP of the region and
the volume of small business production was analyzed on the basis of the distributed lag values of
dynamic econometric models. Using the Koyk model for the evaluation of the distributed L lag value,
the correlation between the causal and factor indicators was evaluated on a quantitative and
qualitative basis on a scientific basis, proposals and recommendations were developed
Justicias de proximidad y administración del orden rural en Cuba y Río de la Plata (1759-1808)
Authors: Barriera Darío G. , Godicheau François
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo examina el problema del gobierno del campo en dos regiones bien distantes de la monarquía hispánica: Cuba y el Río de la Plata. El abordaje conjunto se basa en la implementación para ambos territorios, a fines del siglo xviii, de oficiales «pedáneos», denominados capitanes y jueces, respectivamente, en el espacio cubano y rioplatense. Los autores sostienen que estas bajas justicias fueron claves en el gobierno de las poblaciones rurales, dando cuerpo a los intentos reformistas de controlar la circulación de hombres y cosas en territorios que estaban experimentando un acelerado cambio en su composición social, contribuyendo así a hacer visibles novedosos y activos sectores intermedios.
Funcionarios, políticos y hombres de negocios. Las Juntas de Aranceles en el tránsito al liberalismo, 1816-1845
Authors: Serrano Sanz José María , Gracia Andía Ana Belén
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo se ocupa de las Juntas de Aranceles entre su creación en 1816 y su desaparición temporal en 1845. Estudiar su regulación y composición aporta nuevas perspectivas a los procesos de elaboración de una política tan importante como la arancelaria y el papel en ella de ideas y grupos de interés. Analizar su personal ilustra la compleja transición del Antiguo Régimen al primer liberalismo. Las Juntas ordinarias, con un personal muy estable, fueron un factor importante en la continuidad de la política arancelaria en los aranceles de 1820, 1825 y 1841.
Capitalismo y esclavitud: Nuevas historias, viejos debates
Authors: Pretel David
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo discute las principales aportaciones de la Nueva Historia del Capitalismo escrita en los últimos quince años, prestando especial atención al interés de esta perspectiva historiográfica por repensar la vieja cuestión de la relación entre capitalismo y esclavitud. El ensayo cuestiona el lugar relativamente periférico de América Latina y el Caribe en esta renovada historiografía y muestra los beneficios de ampliar el debate hacia la extracción de recursos y formación de capital durante la «segunda esclavitud» en Brasil y Cuba. A lo largo del ensayo se apuntan asimismo nuevas vías de investigación como los estudios centrados en las dimensiones tecnológica, empresarial y medioambiental de la forma de producción esclavista en el continente americano y el mundo atlántico.
«El país más feliz de Europa». La recepción de la Guerra Civil española en Portugal
Authors: Pena Rodríguez Alberto
Published: June 2022

Entre 1936 y 1939, Portugal temió el contagio revolucionario de la España republicana, cuyo Gobierno del Frente Popular representaba un peligroso elemento desestabilizador para la dictadura portuguesa, pues era visto como un aliado del comunismo internacional. El apoyo de Salazar a los militares sublevados contra el Gobierno de Madrid durante la Guerra Civil española transformó el territorio portugués en la retaguardia franquista, inmerso en un ambiente de miedo, agitación y movilización anticomunista, fomentado por el régimen para reprimir a la oposición, mientras su propaganda comparaba, cínicamente, la hoguera española con el «remanso de paz» portugués.
«En Madrid se lucha por Praga». La Guerra Civil española en la memoria cultural checa
Authors: Kindl Martin
Published: June 2022

En la memoria cultural checa, la Guerra Civil española ocupa un lugar permanente, ya que ha sido ampliamente abordada en la historiografía, en la enseñanza de la asignatura de «Historia mundial» y en los eventos organizados con ocasión de distintos aniversarios. Este prolongado interés no se debe tanto al afán de la sociedad checa por conocer y saber interpretar la Guerra Civil española, sino más bien a los procesos como los checos construyen la imagen de sí mismos, de sus valores propios, del «carácter nacional checo» y del lugar que Chequia debería ocupar en Europa. El artículo se propone averiguar por qué los checos se interesan por la Guerra Civil española; cómo ha ido cambiando la imagen de este conflicto; qué significados le atribuyen y qué argumentos usan para defender una u otra interpretación.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI AKSEPTOR KB DALAM MEMILIH ALAT KONTRASEPSI BAWAH KULIT (AKBK) DI WILAYAH KERJA KAMPUNG KB MEDAN JOHOR TAHUN 2020
Authors: Tambun Mastaida
Published: June 2022

Pada umur ibu 20-30 di dapatkan dengan hasil 36,6%, dan >30 persen 63,4%, diasumsikan bahwa akseptor KB mengetahui pola penggunaan kontrasepsi yang rasional yaitu pemilihan kontrasepsi disesuaikan dengan fase umur, pada umur <20 tahun atau >30 tahun, peserta KB umumnya memilih kotrasepsi yang memiliki efektivitas yang tinggi seperti pil dan suntik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui untuk mengetahui Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi akseptor KB dalam memilih Alat Kontrasepsi Bawah Kulit (AKBK) di Kampung KB Medan Johor Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini adalah survei yang bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan penelitian Cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Ibu Aseptor KB sebanyak 98 orang. Metode analisa data dengan cara Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis uji statistik chi-square dengan syarat tidak ada sel yang nilai observased yang bernilai nol dan sel yang mempunyai expected count kurang dari 5 maksimal 20% dari jumlah sel. (Saryono, 2015). Hasil penelitian secara statistik menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara umur responden terhadap akseptor KB dalam memilih Alat Kontrasepsi Bawah Kulit (AKBK) Di kampung KB Medan Johor  tahun 2020 dengan nilai p=0,041 (p<0,05), tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pendidikan responden dengan dengan akseptor KB dalam memilih Alat Kontrasepsi Bawah Kulit (AKBK) dengan nilai p= 0,044 (p>0,05), ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan responden dengan dengan akseptor KB dalam memilih Alat Kontrasepsi Bawah Kulit (AKBK) Di Kampung KB Medan Johor    tahun 2020 dengan nilai p=0,026 (p<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik diketahui bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan suami dengan dengan akseptor KB dalam memilih Alat Kontrasepsi Bawah Kulit (AKBK) Di Kampung KB Medan Johor   tahun 2020 dengan nilai p=0,071 (p>0,05). Kata Kunci : Akseptor KB,  AKBK
THE EFFECT OF WARM COMPRESS AND MASSAGE AGAINST THE PAIN OF LABOR STAGE II IN THE PRACTICE OF BIDAN MANDIRI BIDA (PMB) DEBY KECAMATAN MEDAN AMPLAS
Authors: Pasaribu Riska Susanti
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAKLatara BelakangPersalinan merupakan Proses pengeluaran janin yang terjadi pada kehamilan cukup ( 37-42 minggu ) lahir spontan dengan presentasi belakang kepala yang berlangsung dalam 18 jam tanpa komplikasi  baik ibu maupaun janin. Persalinan dapat menimbulkan trauma pada ibu karena nyeri yang dialaminya. Beberapa ibu bahkan ada yang trauma untuk hamil dan melahirkan lagi karena takut akan mengalami nyeri yang sama. Bagi ibu yang pernah melahirkan, nyeri persalinan merupakan nyeri yang paling menyakitkan  apalagi bagi ibu yang baru pertama kali merasakannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan lebih dan memahami pelaksanaan Pengaruh Kompres Hangat dan Massage Punggung terhadap pengurangan rasa nyeri persalinan Kala II. Metode Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi experiment dan desain yang digunakan adalah desain penelitian dimana subjek eksperimen pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas control tidak dipilih secara acak,  dengan menggunakan pendekatan one group post test without control orang. Hasil Uji wilcoxon didapatkan hasil Zhitung -5,069 dan Ztabel adalah 1,69 dengan taraf signifikan 5% sehingga Zhitung ≤ Ztabel dan diperoleh nilai sig. p value 0,000 dengan taraf signifikan 5% dan dapat disimpulkan sig. p value ≤ 0,05 maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima dengan demikian dikatakan ada pengaruh pemberian kompres hangat dan massage punggung terhadap Pengurangan rasa nyeri persalinan kala II. Kesimpulan Ada pengaruh pemberian kompres hangat dan massage punggung terhadap Pengurangan rasa nyeri persalinan kala II dengan nilai sig. p value 0,000 dengan taraf signifikan 5% dan dapat disimpulkan sig. p value ≤ 0,05. Kata kunci : Kompres hangat, Massasse Punggung, Nyeri Persalinan
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN KEPALA KELUARGA TETANG BAHAYA ASAP ROKOK PADA BALITA USIA 1-5 TAHUN DI DUSUN SEI REBAT KEC.TANJUNG PURA KAB. LANGKAT TAHUN 2019
Authors: . Sudarianti
Published: June 2022

Merokok adalah suatu kebiasaan menghisap rokok yang dilakukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, merupakan suatu kebutuhan yang tidak bisa dihindari bagi orang yang mengalami kecenderungan terhadap rokok. Rokok merupakan salah satu bahan adiktif artinya dapat menimbulkan ketergantungan bagi pemakainya. Sifat adiktif beasal dari nikotin yang dikandungnya. Setelah seorang menghisap asap rokok, dalam 7 detik nikotin akan mencapai otak. Untuk mengetahui bagaimana Tingkat pengetahuan kepala keluarga tentang bahaya asap rokok pada balita usia 1-5 tahun di dusun sei rebat kec. Tanjung pura Tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey yang bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunaan data primer melalui kuesioner terhadap 55 kepala keluarga merokok/responden sebagai sampel di dusun Sei rebat Kec. Tanjung pura Tahun 2019. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan tingkat pengetahuan, mayoritas kepala keluarga memiliki pengetahuan baik, sebanyak 28 orang ( 58,2 % ), berdasarkan bahaya kandungan rokok, mayoritas kepala keluarga memiliki pengetahuan kurang, sebanyak 27 orang ( 49,1 % ), berdasarkan bahaya rokok, mayoritas kepala keluarga memiliki pengetahuan cukup, sebanyak 32 orang ( 58,2 % ). Diharapakan kepada setiap kepala keluarga agar dapat meningkatkan rasa keingin tahuan yang besar terhadap kesehatan terhadap anaknya serta keaktifan untuk mengetahui dampak bahaya pada asap rokok bagi kesehatan. Kata Kunci                :Pengetahuan, Kepala Keluarga, Asap Rokok
تقييم واقع الترتيب الداخلي لبعض اقسام رئاسة جامعة بغداد
Authors: كاظم حيدر , حافظ عبد الناصر
Published: June 2022

يسعى البحث إلى ابراز أهمية الترتيب الداخلي للمنظمة في خلق بيئة ديناميكية تتفاعل مع المتغيرات والظروف المحيطة بها للحفاظ على مستويات انتاجية عالية. اذ يضمن الترتيب الجيد انسيابية عالية في تدفق المعلومات بين مكاتب واقسام الموظفين وتقليل حدوث حالات الاختناق والتأخير في الاقسام التي تتطلب القرب المادي من بعضها البعض لارتباطها الوثيق ادارياً ووظيفيا. إن مشكلة البحث تتضمن التأخير في انجاز المعاملات في الاقسام المبحوثة ووجود حالات اختناقات في بعض حلقات سلسلة اجراءات هذه المعاملات. تنبع أهمية البحث من إبراز الاثار الايجابية التي تنبع من تطبيق أبعاد الترتيب الداخلي للمنظمة في مكان العمل وخاصة العمل الإداري. تم استخدام (قائمة الفحص) كأداة للبحث بغية التحقق من مدى تطبيق أبعاد الترتيب الداخلي للمنظمة في بعض الأقسام، التي مثلت عينة البحث، داخل رئاسة جامعة بغداد كمجتمع للبحث. اظهرت النتائج ان الترتيب الداخلي لأقسام رئاسة جامعة بغداد المبحوثة لا يحقق التقارب المطلوب بين الأقسام لإكمال المهام الموكلة إليها في الوقت المناسب وتقليل الجهود والتكاليف الكلية التي تتحملها رئاسة الجامعة. اهم التوصيات التي توصل اليها البحث أن المنظمة المبحوثة، رئاسة جامعة بغداد، ينبغي ان تولي اهتمامًا كافيًا لأبعاد الترتيب الداخلي للمنظمة، المشاهدة وسهولة الوصول، من خلال تعاملها مع بعض القضايا المتعلقة بإنتاجية الموظفين وجودة مخرجاتهم.
ممارسات القيادة التحويلية وتأثيرها في إدارة الأزمة - دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من مديري مستشفى الشهيد غازي الحريري للجراحات التخصصية في دائرة مدينة الطب
Authors: نجم ندى , ابراهيم بشرى
Published: June 2022

لغرض الرئيس للبحث هو تشخيص دور القيادة التحويلية في دعم ادارة مستشفى غازي الحريري على ادارة الازمة التي تواجهها وبشكل خاص في ظل (كوفيد - 19) اذ اشارت مشكلة البحث الى ضعف اهتمام الادارة في المستشفى المبحوثة بتوظيف ابعاد القيادة التحويلية المتمثلة ((التأثير المثالي، التحفيز الإلهامي، الاستثارة الفكرية، الاعتبار الفردي، التمكين) عند التعامل مع الازمة وادارتها، وعليه فان اهمية البحث تتمثل في محاولة الباحثين اقتراح جملة من الحلول التي من شأنها الحد من هذه المشكلة او معالجتها، ومن ثم فان اهداف البحث سعت الى اجراء التحليل الوصفي للمتغيرات المبحوثة ومن ثم اختبار علاقات الارتباط والتأثير فيما بينها . ومن اجل تحقيق هذه الاهداف تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي اذ صممت استبانة باستخدام عدد من المؤشرات والمقاييس الجاهزة ، وبعد تكييفها لتلائم اغراض البحث الحالي تم توزيعها على عينة قوامها (56) من العاملين في المستشفى متمثلة بمدراء الاقسام والشعب والوحدات الطبية والتمريضية والفنية والإدارية. وبعد معالجة البيانات باستخدام الادوات الإحصائية اللا معلمية المختبرة كالوسيط والمدى والأهمية النسبية وكذلك تحليل الانحدار الخطي البسيط والمتاحة في البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS )، ثم الخروج بجملة من النتائج اكدت صحة فرضيات البحث الرئيسة والفرعية ، ومن ثم تم التوصية بضرورة اطلاع المنظمة المبحوثة على تجارب الدول الناجحة في مجال القيادة التحويلية واستثمار نتائجها في تعزيز الحماس لدى مواردها البشرية عند تنفيذ المهام والواجبات المناطة بهم مما له دور بارز في إدارة الازمة.
تصنيف بيانات الأسهم المالية باستخدام تقنية آلة الموجه الداعم في التعليم الاحصائي
Authors: ابراهيم محمد , جابر اسماء
Published: June 2022

تعــد الاســواق الماليــة بانهــا ذات حركــة مستمرة وديناميكيــة ومتسارعــة مما يؤدي الحاجـة الـى طرائق ووسائــل التقنيـة فــي التحليــل واتخــاذ القرارات وذلـك يدفـع المستثمريـــن والمحلليـــن فـي الاسواق الماليــة الـى استخــدام اساليـب التحليــل المختلفــة للوصول الــى اساليـب التنبــؤ بحركــة اتجاه الســوق المالـي لاتخاذ القــرارات فـي الاستثمـارات المختلفــة لأجل تحديـــد اتجاه حركـــة الأسهم اذ تــم استخـــدام طريقــة آلة المتجه الداعـــم svm لتصنيـــف بيانـات الأسهم المالية لتحديد اتجاه الأسهم فيما اذا كانت ذات اتجاه صاعد او هابط. ان الهــدف مــن البحــث هــو تصنيــف بيانــات الأسهم الماليــة باستخــدام خمسـة متغيــرات حيــث تــم استخــدام بيانــات المصــــرف العراقـــي الاسلامـــي للاستثمار والتنميـــة لتوضيـــح طريقـــة آلة المتجه الداعــم حيث اظهرت النتائج دقــة هذه التقنية وكان اداء تقنية آلة الموجه الداعم جيدا.
دور التدفقات النقدية في ربحية المصرف -بحث تطبيقي في عدد من المصارف الخاصة العراقية
Authors: حلو سناء
Published: June 2022

تعد المصارف التجارية احدى دعامات الهيكل الاقتصادي واحدى المحاور المهمة المعتمدة في تطوير وتنمية مختلف القطاعات الاقتصادية ووفقا لذلك فقد تناول البحث (دور التدفقات النقدية في ربحية المصرف) وسعى البحث الى تحقيق جملة من الاهداف المعرفية والتطبيقية منها التقصي العلمي نظريا وتطبيقيا للتدفقات النقدية من خلال اختيار (4) مصارف عراقية خاصة من ضمن المصارف العاملة في العراق وكانت المدة المبحوثة للفترة (2009-2018) وتجسدت مشكلة البحث في جدلية العلاقة بين التدفقات النقدية وربحية المصرف من خلال مجموعة من التساؤلات وقد تم صياغة فرضيتين رئيسيتين تعكسان الارتباط والتأثير بين المتغيرات موضوع البحث لتحقيق هدف البحث والعلاقة المتبادلة بين متغيرات البحث وبيان اهم العلاقات الضرورية وبيان معنوياتها للخروج بنتائج التأثير للمتغير المستقل في المتغير التابع وفقا لاختبارات احصائية استخدمت لهذا الغرض .وقد اثبتت ( التدفقات النقدية ) الارتباط غير المعنوي مع ربحية المصرف مما يعني ضعف ادراك المصارف لأهمية التدفقات النقدية في ربحية المصرف وهذا ما اكدت عليه الفرضية الرئيسة الاولى وقد تم استخدام مؤشرات مالية للتحليل تعبر عن التدفقات النقدية وربحية المصرف للبحث كما اثبتت (التدفقات النقدية ) تأثير غير معنوي في ربحية المصرف .
أثر عوامل البيئة الداخلية في تطبيق المحاسبة السحابية - دراسة استطلاعية لآراء الاكاديميين في كلية الرافدين الجامعة
Authors: الفاضل فاتن
Published: June 2022

يهدف البحث بشكل رئيس إلى بيان اهم عوامل البيئة الداخلية التي تؤثر في تطبيق خدمات المحاسبة السحابية ، ولأجل تحقيق هذا الهدف تم استعمال المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال استخدام استمارة الاستبانة لتحليل رأي عينة البحث، وقد بينت نتائج البحث ان عوامل البيئة الداخلية ( الموارد البشرية، الموارد المالية، الكفاءة والفاعلية، امن وحماية المعلومات المالية) تؤثر في تطبيق المحاسبة السحابية، وان من اهم المعوقات التي تواجه تطبيق المحاسبة السحابية هي: ضعف توفر الانترنت، والقلق من الابتزاز وامكانية اختراق خوادم مقدمي الخدمة وسرقة المعلومات المالية، وفي ضوء ما سبق اوصى البحث بالتأكيد على اهمية المحاسبة السحابية والاستفادة من تجارب الدول التي طبقتها مسبقا، وتدريب وتطوير واعداد كوادر مؤهلة لاستخدام برامج المحاسبة السحابية، وضع سياسات وعقوبات امنية للحد من اختراق الخوادم وتطوير ادوات التشفير للمحافظة على خصوصية وسرية البيانات المالية.
PERBANDINGAN METODE ARAS DAN TOPSIS DALAM MENENTUKAN ASISTEN PRAKTIKUM TERBAIK
Authors: Pratiwi Ayu , Statiswaty Statiswaty , Ransi Natalis
Published: June 2022

Praktikum merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang menjadi bagian dalam kurikulum di perguruan tinggi.  Peran dari seorang asisten praktikum tentu sangat dibutuhkan dalam kegiatan praktikum tersebut. Pemilihan asisten praktikum di Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Halu Oleo masih dilakukan secara manual. Masalah yang dihadapi dalam proses pemilihan tersebut adalah setiap dosen melakukan perangkingan asisten praktikum terpilih secara berurutan dari dosen pertama sampai dosen terakhir sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan penilaian secara subyektifitas yang tidak dapat dihindari. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu mempermudah proses pemilihan asisten praktikum dengan menggunakan metode Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) Dan Technique For Others Reference By Similarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) sehingga dapat dibandingkan hasil perangkingan kedua metode tersebut.Kata kunci; Asisten Praktikum, metode ARAS, metode TOPSIS
ANALISIS E-KINERJA PADA DINAS PERUMAHAN KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN DAN PERTANAHAN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA
Authors: Dunggio Zufrianto K , Suleman Fitriyanti
Published: June 2022

Dewasa ini fenomena perkembangan teknologi dan informasi telah banyak mengubah sistem tata kelola pemerintahan yang lama yang terkesan lamban, susah, ribet dan tidak transparan menuju kearah sistem tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik (good government governance). Dalam mewujudkan tujuan tersebut tentunya tidak luput dari kerjasama antar pelaksana kegiatan yakni pemerintah dan Aparatur Sipil Negara. Salah satu wujud dalam meningkatkan kinerja para ASN yaitu dengan dilakukannya reformasi birokrasi yang dilakukan dengan lahirnya kebijakan sistem informasi e-Kinerja (SIEKIN) baik di pemerintah pusat dan daerah yang telah dioperasikan sejak tahun 2017. Untuk menjaga aplikasi tetap memenuhi kebutuhan penggunanya maka harus terus dilakukan evaluasi sistem informasi e-Kinerja  Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menguji secara empiris seberapa besar evaluasi kinerja dan efisiensi berdasarkan domain Pieces (Performance, information and Data, Economics, Control and Security, Efficiency dan Services).Hasil dari penelitian ini berdasarkan analisis 6 domain yakni: Performance 4.40 kategori Puas, Information and Data 4.17 kategori Puas, Economics 4,12 kategori Puas, Control and Security 4,08 kategori Puas, Efficiency 4,25 kategori Puas dan Services 4,18 kategori Puas
PENERAPAN KONSEP DIGITAL SIGNATURE TERHADAP VERIFIKASI KEASLIAN DOKUMEN TRANSKRIP NILAI MAHASISWA MENGGUNAKAN ENKRIPSI RIVEST SHAMIR ADLEMAN
Authors: Fachrul Muh , Sutardi Sutardi , Tajidun Laode Muhamad , Aksara LM Bahtiar
Published: June 2022

Proses validasi dan pemberian tanda tangan dokumen transkrip nilai pada jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Halu Oleo mempunyai sebuah celah, celah disini yakni dapat dilakukannya sebuah pemalsuan tanda tangan dan modifikasi nilai nilai pada dokumen. Untuk mencegah hal tersebut dapat terjadi alangkah lebih baik apabila digunakannya konsep Digital Signature untuk proses tanda tangan dan verifikasi dokumen transkrip nilai mahasiswa. Maka dari itu dibuatlah suatu sistem berbasis web yang dapat memberikan sebuah tanda tangan digital serta melakukan verifikasi keaslian dokumen menggunakan hashing SHA-256 dan algoritma Rivest Shamir Adleman. SHA-256 merupakan algoritma hashing yang digunakan untuk membentuk message digest sebagai dasar pembentuk digital signature dokumen. Algoritma Rivest Shamir Adleman merupakan algoritma kriptografi asimetris yang menggunakan dua kunci yakni kunci publik dan kunci privat untuk proses enkripsi dan dekripsi, dalam digital signature sendiri kunci privat digunakan untuk membentuk tanda tangan dan kunci publik digunakan untuk proses verifikasi
IMPLEMENTASI QUICK RESPONSE CODE PADA APLIKASI SERIES (SISTEM INFORMASI INVENTARIS) LAB TERPADU USN KOLAKA
Authors: Nirsal Nirsal , Bantun Suharsono , Sari Jayanti Yusmah , Auliani Andi Nur Melly , Syaiful Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Laboratorium berfungsi sebagai prasarana penunjang pembelajaran yang penting, Tak terkecuali laboratorium terpadu USN Kolaka, yang merupakan salah satu sarana penunjang proses perkuliahan. Berdasarkan pengamatan dan observasi, sampai saat ini pengelolaan inventaris pada laboraturium tersebut dilakukan secara semi terkomputerisasi, pengelolaan inventaris dilakukan dengan menginput dan mengelola data menggunakan aplikasi Ms. Office. Hal ini membuat pengelolaan inventaris menjadi tidak maksimal karena proses kerja yang membutuhkan waktu yang lama terutama saat melakukan pencarian data sampai pembuatan laporan. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut perlu diterapkan sebuah sistem inventaris berbasis web. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi SERIES (Sistem Informasi Inventaris) yang menangani pengelolaan data seperti data perangkat, peminjaman, pemasukan perangkat, perangkat rusak, dan pengembalian perangkat. Pada sistem ini juga memanfaatkan QR code untuk pemberian label di setiap perangkat yang ada serta tanda tangan digital yang berfungsi sebagai autentikasi dan verifikasi sehingga akan mempermudah petugas dalam proses administrasi. Hasil analisis kelayakan yang dilakukan dengan skala likert dan garis kontinum diperoleh nilai kelayakan sistem sebesar 4.0 dengan kategori Layak untuk diterapkan guna untuk mengoptimalkan pengelolaan inventaris pada Laboratorium Terpadu USN Kolaka.
The Use of Psychology as Strategy in Hybrid Warfare
Authors: Petrocchi Maurizio
Published: June 2022

The term Political War or Hybrid warfare is not new, Clausewitz and Kennan have already talked about it in the past as the use of all means available to the State actors and not State actor to create instability in an opposing State. Political warfare has the characteristic of using a certain level of violence that remains underneath conventional conflict. It is definition dates back to 1948, and it is the use of all means available to a Country, excluding war, to achieve their goals - the US State Department used a definition at the beginning of the Cold War - which we find today in a global competition context. Starting from the 90s, the concept of threat has taken on less and less definable forms and still less connection to purely military actions. The actors that resort to the hybrid threat are also less identifiable, which can be stated entities but also non-state entities such as terrorism. The hybrid threat could be considered as the combined and synergistic use of different tools of power available to the States, or a non-States, (non-States actors), and these tools can be, military, diplomatic, political, technological, intelligence, economic - financial, media and psychological. Some of these tools are obviously, while others are hidden, others are military, but most of them are non-military instruments, such as propaganda, disinformation, psychological warfare (psyops - psychological operations), cyberattacks, support for specific movements or political parties in another country. After quickly introducing what is meant by Hybrid Warfare or Hybrid Threat I would like to enter into the heart of the subject by talking about the use of psychological warfare as a military technique different from war, or a nonmilitary warfare action, in declared conflicts and undeclared conflicts. The psychological element has always been of primary importance in the conflicts. For this reason, I would like to speak about the use of psychological warfare as a technique within the hybrid conflict, also discuss the other psychological warfare tools and their use. These instruments are the psyops operations, the cognitive and communicative war, and the last point that would like to treat is the use of psychological warfare techniques through social media and the propaganda. This contribution of mine provide to suggest a theoretical and practical reflection on the new hybrid war strategies and analysing how ancient military tactics already being consciously readapted and strengthened through the use of new technologies.
An Historical Sketch of the Idea of Caucasian Unity and Common Defense Arrangements
Authors: Slye Sarah
Published: June 2022

The article provides a preliminary sketch of the idea of Caucasian political unity and common defense arrangements within the Caucasian intellectual tradition. The presentation covers the concepts of centralization, decentralization, confederalism, federalism and regionalism as expressed in the tradition of political thought in the region from the ancient and medieval to the modern period. For the ancient period, I will briefly reference certain recorded tribal alliances or joint defense arrangements, however temporary they may have been. For the medieval period, we will look at the way medieval Georgians perceived the ideal relationship between the different Caucasian nations. For the modern period, we will look at various attempts to mount a regional resistance or stage a regional uprising against the Imperial Russian or Soviet forces as well as review the debates for and against a regional federation for the Caucasus between 1860 and 1921.