bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Video based eye blink analysis for psychological state determination
Authors: Moharana Laxmipriya , Das Niva , Nayak Satyajit , Routray Aurobinda
Published: September 2021

The status of mental health and mood of human beings are well comprehensible by careful observation of movements of different body parts. Eye being the most prominent body part, analysis of different eye parameters such as blink, gaze, opening and closing rate provides important clues on mood status as well as mental health conditions. The present work can be viewed from a statistical and machine learning perspective that utilizes eye blink information to study the mental health status of a person. By using appropriate image processing techniques eye blinks of different subjects were collected through an experimental setup. The setup contained a recording environment where each participant was required to watch two videos of opposite emotions, i.e., joy and sad during different time settings. From the recorded videos of each participant, eye blinks were extracted and investigated. On analyzing the blink rates thoroughly, using statistical and machine learning means we observed; 1) an increase in number of eye blinks when the mood of a participant swings from sad to joy and 2) a significantly smaller number of blinks in depressed participants than the normal participants while in sad mood.
Latent Factor Structure of Outcome Measures Used in the HABIT® Mild Cognitive Impairment Intervention Programs
Authors: DeFeis Brittany , Ying Gelan , Kurasz Andrea M. , De Wit Liselotte , Amofa Priscilla , Chandler Melanie , Locke Dona , Shandera-Ochsner Anne , Phatak Vaishali , Smith Glenn
Published: September 2021

Background: In Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (ADRD) research, common outcome measures include cognitive and functional impairment, as well as persons with mild cognitive impairment (pwMCI) and care partner self-reported mood and quality of life. Studies commonly analyze these measures separately, which potentially leads to issues of multiple comparisons and/or multicollinearity among measures while ignoring the latent constructs they may be measuring. Objective: This study sought to examine the latent factor structure of a battery of 12-13 measures of domains mentioned above, used in a multicomponent behavioral intervention (The HABIT® program) for pwMCI and their partners. Methods: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) involved 214 pwMCI-partner pairs. Subsequent Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) used 730 pairs in both pre- and post-intervention conditions. Results: EFA generated a three-factor model. Factors could be characterized as partner adjustment (29.9%), pwMCI adjustment (18.1%), and pwMCI impairment (12.8%). The subsequent CFA confirmed our findings, and the goodness-of-fit for this model was adequate in both the pre- (CFI = 0.937; RMSEA = 0.057, p = 0.089) and post-intervention (CFI = 0.942; RMSEA = 0.051, p = 0.430) groups. Conclusion: Results demonstrated a stable factor structure across cohorts and intervention conditions suggesting that three broad factors may provide a straightforward and meaningful model to assess intervention outcome, at least during the MCI phase of ADRD.
Structural analysis of an iron-assisted carbon monolayer for delivery of 2-thiouracil
Authors: Pari Azar Asgari , Yousefi Mohammad , Samadi Susan , Allahgholi Ghasri Mohammad Reza , Torbati Maryam Bikhof
Published: September 2021

An idea of employing an iron-assisted carbon (FeC) monolayer for delivery of 2-thiouracil (2TU) was examined in this work by analyzing structural features for singular and bimolecular models. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed for optimizing the structures and evaluating molecular and atomic descriptors for analyzing the models systems. Two bimolecular models were obtained assigning by S-FeC and O-FeC models, in which each of S and O atom of 2TU was relaxed towards the Fe region of FeC surface in the mentioned models, respectively. The results indicated that both models were achievable with slightly more favorability for formation of S-FeC model. The obtained molecular orbital properties revealed the dominant role of FeC monolayer for managing future interactions of attached 2TU, which is indeed a major role for employing nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery purposes. In addition to energies and molecular orbital features, atomic quadrupole coupling constants indicated the benefit of employing FeC monolayer for drug delivery of 2TU.
Hibiscus sabdariffa extract protects HT-22 cells from glutamate-induced neurodegeneration by upregulating glutamate transporters and exerts lifespan extension in C. elegans via DAF-16 mediated pathway
Authors: Malar Dicson Sheeja , Prasanth Mani Iyer , Brimson James Michael , Verma Kanika , Prasansuklab Anchalee , Tencomnao Tewin
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND:

Glutamate toxicity is involved in several neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease.

OBJECTIVE:

The study aims to investigate the neuroprotective efficacy of ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces (HS) against glutamate-induced toxicity in HT-22 cells and anti-aging property in Caenorhabditis elegans.

METHODS:

HT-22 cells were pre-treated with HS followed by glutamate and evaluated for the neuroprotective effect using cell viability assay, confocal microscopic analysis, qPCR, Western blot, and docking analysis. Induction of anti-aging property in C. elegans with HS extract was analyzed through physiological assays and qPCR analysis.

RESULTS:

GC-MS analysis of the HS extract showed the presence of 19 compounds with antioxidant properties including oleamide, 2-(diethoxymethyl)furan and 5-methylfurfural. In vitro studies reveal that glutamate exerted toxicity in HT-22 cells by inducing oxidative stress, depleting glutathione, downregulating glutamate transporters, antioxidant genes, inducing autophagy ( Beclin-1, Atg-5, Atg-7, LC3-II) by the activation of MAPK (p38, JNK) pathway, and causing apoptosis. However, pre-treatment with HS extract (5, 10μg/ml) reversed the effect and offered neuroprotection. In silico studies showed that the compounds of HS extract can bind effectively and inhibit the activity of NMDAR, calpain-1 and GSK-3β. In C. elegans, HS extended lifespan, reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin, modulated healthspan-related genes and downregulated the expression of daf-2.

CONCLUSION:

Our results indicate that HS with its bioactive components exhibits neuroprotective activity by upregulating glutamate transporters, inhibiting autophagy and exerts anti-aging property through DAF-16 dependent mechanism.
Airway clearance techniques for patients experiencing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Hanrahan Ciara , Pedlow Katy , Osadnik Christian
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Airway clearance techniques (ACTs) are used by physiotherapists with the purpose of clearing sputum from bronchial airways. They are commonly prescribed for patients experiencing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), however large variability in practice is commonly observed. This study aimed to explore current physiotherapy practice regarding ACTs for people with AECOPD in the Republic of Ireland. METHOD: An online survey was distributed to physiotherapy clinicians via direct email and the Irish Society of Chartered Physiotherapists. Main survey themes, identified from previous studies using the same survey tool, included current practice in relation to use of ACTs, perception of their effectiveness, clinical reasoning and awareness of the literature and guidelines. For the purpose of this study, ACTs were defined as techniques used by a physiotherapist for the purpose of clearing sputum from patients’ airways. RESULTS: 202 surveys were distributed and seventy responses (35%) were received. The majority of respondents (n = 56, 80%) reported prescribing ACTs for more than 60% of patients with AECOPD, the most common techniques being physical activity (n = 65, 93%) and active cycle of breathing techniques (n = 53, 90%). Sputum management (n = 66, 94%) was the most commonly reported indicator for use of ACTs. The majority of physiotherapists (n = 42, 60%) reported being unsure of the literature regarding ACTs in AECOPD. CONCLUSION: The response rate to this survey was low, however results show that physiotherapists in the Republic of Ireland regularly prescribe ACTs for patients with AECOPD. Physical activity and active cycle of breathing techniques were the most commonly used ACTs and perceived to be the most effective techniques in AECOPD, with sputum management the most commonly reported indicator for use. Further research is required to explore not only physiotherapists clinical reasoning in relation to the use of ACTs for AECOPD and the perceptions of their effectiveness, but also the lack of awareness of the literature and guidelines.
A Shape Expression approach for assessing the quality of Linked Open Data in libraries
Authors: Candela Gustavo , Escobar Pilar , Sáez María Dolores , Marco-Such Manuel
Published: September 2021

Cultural heritage institutions are exploring Semantic Web technologies to publish and enrich their catalogues. Several initiatives, such as Labs, are based on the creative and innovative reuse of the materials published by cultural heritage institutions. In this way, quality has become a crucial aspect to identify and reuse a dataset for research. In this article, we propose a methodology to create Shape Expressions definitions in order to validate LOD datasets published by libraries. The methodology was then applied to four use cases based on datasets published by relevant institutions. It intends to encourage institutions to use ShEx to validate LOD datasets as well as to promote the reuse of LOD, made openly available by libraries.
Ergonomics 4.0: A bibliometric review of Human Factors research in Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0)
Authors: Babamiri Mohammad , Heidarimoghadam Rashid , Ghasemi Fakhradin , Tapak Leili , Mortezapour Alireza
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The scientometric study is a visualization method used to collect big data from databases, to explore the relationships between citing and co-cited documents and then visualize the results. Unlike the new term Ergonomics 4.0, bibliometric analysis has been studied in various related fields of Ergonomics. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to create a bibliometric analysis in related field of Ergonomics and Fourth Industrial Revolution. This analysis can shed light on the new developed research field in both sides of the present study, occupational ergonomics and industry 4.0. METHODS: After selecting related keywords, Advance search was done in Scopus and Web of Science. Bibliometric results were presented by these databases’ analyzer and by exported data to VOS viewer software. No time or language restriction was applied. RESULTS: Retrieved Articles were 104 and 285 for Web of Science and Scopus respectively. The frequent co-occurrences for keywords were seen between “industry 4.0” and “Human Factors”. The USA and Germany were also the most productive countries in this field. Well-known Ergonomics journals had low participation in the Evolution of Ergonomics and Fourth Industrial Revolution topics. CONCLUSION: Due to more participation of industry 4.0-related researchers in this topic, it is recommended that ergonomists from around the world, and especially Eastern countries, attempt to conduct research in this field. Furthermore, devoting some forth-coming special issues in this field is recommended to top ergonomics journals.
The Effect of Natural Gas Flaring on Air Pollution and its contribution to Climate Change in Basra City
Authors: Haleem Ali Al Muhyi Abdul , Younis Khalil Aleedani Faez
Published: September 2021

The effects of climate change differ from one region to another, as its effects are not the same in all regions of the world. The consequences differ from one region to another, according to its geographical location, or according to the ability of the region and its social and environmental systems to adapt to climate change or mitigate its effects. One of the most important factors of climate change is global warming. There are two major sources of global warming: natural and human. The human resource contributes by adding heat and greenhouse gases to the atmosphere because of the global use of fossil fuels, nuclear energy, burning of natural gas, coal, timber, and others. Natural gas flaring is one of the most important challenges facing energy sources and the environment globally and locally. In this study, light was shed on the flaring of natural gas in Basra Governorate and its impact on the environment and climate change. The results showed that burning natural gas in Basra contributes to changing the local climate by adding heat and greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, which led to an increase in the air temperature in the region. In recent years, it has reached (52 degrees Celsius), and it also affects air pollution by increasing concentrations of toxic gases in the atmosphere, and it is one reason for the increase in the number of cancer patients in Basra Governorate. And there was a strong positive correlation between increased gas burning and an increase in cancer cases.
Authors: - Maksuk - , Pastari Marta -
Published: September 2021

The Covid 19 disease has occurred for the first time in Wuhan China and spread rapidly to almost all over the world including Indonesia at the end of 2019. The number of people who are confirmed Covid 19 is increasing every day. This activity aims to increase the knowledge of mothers under five in undergoing new family-based habits. The method of implementation is through outreach with lecture and question and answer methods to the mothers of toddlers. This activity was held in Lalang Village, Sumbawa District, Banyuasin Regency on December 28-29 2020, attended by 35 participants. The level of knowledge of the participants was measured using a questionnaire sheet and direct interviews during and after giving the material. Participants can understand how to undergo new habits during the Covid 19 pandemic. The event went well and the participants participated in the delivery of the material with enthusiasm until it was finished.
Authors: . Supiyati , . Suwarsono , Ekawita Riska
Published: September 2021

Covid-19 pandemic has spread to all regions in Indonesia, including Bengkulu Province. The awareness of the people in Bengkulu city in carrying out health protocols is still lacking, one of which is maintaining a distance. There are several objectives of this service, namely providing education to the public so that they can implement health protocols, especially in terms of maintaining distance as an effort to prevent the spread of covid-19, offering business opportunities for physics alumni with entrepreneurial knowledge in the form of bussiness of social distancing equipment, and delivering additional skills in designing and built a social distancing alarm system for physics alumni who act as participants in this activity. Training and mentoring were a form of method in this community service. The results show that the activitiy can be carried out properly and smoothly. Based on the pretest and post-test that has been done, there is an increase in the knowledge of the participants by 90%. The knowledge and understanding of service participants in terms of assembling and making the language of the social distancing alarm system program has increased. Including knowledge for entrepreneurs with packaging for social distancing alarm equipment that is ready to be marketed.
Authors: Susanti Eva , Endriyani Sri
Published: September 2021

In Indonesia, kidney disease is a dreaded disease with the second highest number of sufferers after heart disease. In the period 2014-2015, the number of sufferers of chronic kidney disease increased by almost 100%, of which 56% of the sufferers were people of productive age or under 55 years of age. Considering the cost of treatment for people with kidney disease is not cheap, it would be nice if we started implementing a healthy life by keeping our kidneys healthy without using drugs. Problems faced by the participants of the Elderly Posyandu Rt 53 Kelurahan Bukit Lama, Ilir Barat District I Working Area of the Padang Health Center Tuesday, did not know about the General Concept of the Kidney: Kidney function, kidney benefits and how to keep the kidneys healthy. Posyandu Elderly Rt 53 Kelurahan Bukit Lama, Ilir Barat District I, Palembang Region. The approach method is in the form of counseling about the kidneys, how to keep the kidneys healthy, and Kidney Love Movement Exercises for the elderly. To see knowledge, it was done using a pre-post design, the elderly were given a questionnaire about general knowledge of kidney disease before counseling, and after counseling. The results of its implementation can increase knowledge about the kidneys and how to keep the kidneys healthy after counseling. The elderly demonstrate kidney affection movement exercises.
Yearning For Tawhid: Three Muslims’ Journeys In Justice Work In The Settler Colonial Context Of Toronto
Authors: Ahmed Farah
Published: September 2021

This critical narrative study seeks to explore two central research questions: 1) How do
Muslim peoples understand, approach and engage in social justice work in and around Toronto
and what are their experiences, and 2) What are the ways in which Islam and spirituality
influence, impact and shape their social justice work? Using a lens that involves critical race
theory, anti-colonialism and Islam, I delve deep into my own experiences and perspectives on
Islam, spirituality and social justice work, as well as those of two other Muslim social justice
advocates involved in Indigenous sovereignty, Black liberation and anti-Islamophobia
movements. The findings of this study offer deep critical insights on the state of anti-oppressive
and transformative social work and social justice spaces in the settler colonial context of
Toronto. Central concepts explored in this work include dynamics of anger, significant
relationships and Islamic concepts such as tawhid. It has been completed as partial completion of
the Master of Social Work Program at Ryerson University.
Immunohistochemical Profile of Molecular Markers of Mammary Carcinomas in Libreville
Authors: Mabika Barthélemy , Andeme Nicole Josiane , Nguizi Ogoula Sidonie Solange , Lémamy Guy Joseph
Published: September 2021

To establish the immunohistochemical profile of the molecular markers of free-ranging breast carcinomas. Descriptive retrospective study over 3 years from July 2014 to September 2017. The tumour samples came from the Anatomical Pathology Laboratories of the Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Instruction Hospital and the University of Health Sciences. In total, the records of 60 patients with histologically proven breast carcinoma with the immunohistochemical study were included in the study. The following molecular markers, hormone receptors (estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors), the HER2/Neu oncogene, and the Ki67 cell proliferation marker, was identified using the Immunohistochemistry technique.The average age was 47.6 years, with extremes of 15 and 69 years. Depending on the location, the right breast was most commonly affected (50%). Histologically, there was a predominance of infiltrating ductal carcinomas (66.6%) and a majority SBR III grade (50%). This study revealed an immunohistochemical profile of positive hormone receptors: ERs + (13.3%); PRs + (8.3%) and a Ki67 profile positive in 10% of tumors. The molecular classification into 4 subtypes (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 and Triple Negative) places the Luminal A group in the first rank (33.3%) followed by the Luminal B (15%), Triple Negative (11.6%) and HER2 (8.3%). The present work is the first study reporting the immunohistochemical profile of molecular markers of mammary carcinomas in Gabon. It would be necessary to continue this study on a larger and wider cohort throughout Gabon because the knowledge of the immunohistochemical profile gives an indication of the origin of breast cancers and allows to consider better management of patients by a targeted therapy to avoid unnecessary toxic effects resulting from ineffective treatment.
Molecular detection and drug resistance pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitalized human patients in Mymensingh
Authors: Haider T. , Hasan M. , Kallol M. A. , Zihadi M. A. H. , Islam M. S. , Alam M. M. , Rahman M.
Published: September 2021

Background: The importance of Staphylococcus (S.) aureus as a persistent nosocomial and community acquired pathogen has become a global health concern. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a major challenge to hospitals all over the world due to the emergence and spread of isolates with decreased susceptibilities to several antibiotic classes. The present study was focused to determine the prevalence of MRSA in clinical specimens and to investigate the sensitivity pattern of these isolates to various antibiotics used for treating hospitalized patients.
Methods: A total of 50 clinical samples consisting of pus, surgical infections, and wounds in different parts of the body and diabetic foot ulcer were collected aseptically from Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH) during January to May 2016. Isolation and identification of S. aureus was performed by cultural, morphological, biochemical characteristics and confirmed by amplification of nuc gene by PCR. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was evaluated by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using penicillin G, erythromycin, neomycin, ciprofloxacin and oxacillin. Finally, MRSA was detected by amplification of mecA gene.
Results: Among the 50 samples, 30% (n=15/50) were confirmed as S. aureus and 8 isolates were confirmed as MRSA. The prevalence of MRSA among S. aureus isolates was 53.33% in MMCH. The isolated S. aureus showed 100% resistant to penicillin G, 66.67% to erythromycin, 60.0% to ciprofloxacin and 26.67% to neomycin.
Conclusion: The increased frequency of MRSA and their extended resistance to several antibiotics were found alarming for treatment of MRSA infections in human. None of the five antibiotics is recommended for the treatment of S. aureus infections in humans in MMCH.
ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКИЙ «КРУГЛИЙ СТІЛ» «УКРАЇНА ТА НІМЕЧЧИНА У СВІТОВИХ ВІЙНАХ: ОБРАЗИ ТА ПІДХОДИ ДО ПОЛІТИКИ ПАМ’ЯТІ»; «МОСТИ ПАМ’ЯТІ: СУЧАСНА УКРАЇНСЬКО-НІМЕЦЬКА ДИСКУСІЯ ПРО ДРУГУ СВІТОВУ ВІЙНУ ТА ГОЛОКОСТ»
Authors: Strilchuk Maryna
Published: September 2021

Стислий огляд двох важливих наукових подій жовтня 2020 р.
Dynamics and Expression of Solution of a Sixth Order Difference Equation
Authors: KHALİQ Abdul
Published: September 2021

This paper deals with the solution behavior and periodic nature of the solutions of the difference equation $$ s_{n+1}=\alpha s_{n}+\dfrac{\beta s_{n}s_{n-4}}{\gamma s_{n-4}+\delta s_{n-5} },\;\;\;n=0,1,... $$ {\Large \noindent }where the initial conditions $s_{-5},\ s_{-4},\ s_{-3},\ s_{-2},\ s_{-1},\ s_{0}$ are arbitrary positive real numbers and $\alpha ,\ \beta ,\ \gamma ,\ \delta \ $are positive constants. Also we obtain the closed form of the solutions of some special cases of this equation.
REBRANDING UMKM KAFE KOPIRIGHT MALANG BERBASIS ANALISIS SWOT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN BRAND AWARENESS
Authors: Surono Adrian , P Bintang Pramudya P , Sukmaraga Ayyub Anshari
Published: September 2021

Seiring berjalannya waktu banyak sekali industri makanan dan minuman yang dibuka oleh banyak pengusaha. Salah satu peluang usaha yang digemari adalah kafe. Banyak sekali kafe-kafe yang dibuka di Indonesia dan juga di kota Malang. Setiap kafe memiliki keunikan dan ciri khas nya masing-masing. Oleh karena itu persaingan antara masing-masing kafe sangatlah ketat. Salah satu kafe yang memiliki potensi untuk bertahan dalam persaingan ini adalah Kopiright. Kopiright adalah sebuah kafe yang menjual minuman berbahan dasar kopi dan juga non kopi. Kopi yang digunakan oleh Kopiright adalah kopi yang sangat segar, karena pemiliknya membeli biji kopi segar langsung dari petani kopi. Namun, Kopiright masih kurang dikenali oleh masyarakat kota Malang karena kurangnya identitas visual yang kuat dan promosi yang dilakukan.  Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan brand identity yang dapat menarik perhatian konsumen dan calon konsumen Kopiright. Tujuan dari perancangan ini adalah membuat brand identity baru dan buku GSM yang berguna sebagai panduan dalam mengaplikasikan logo dan elemen visual lainnya untuk menjaga konsistensi brand. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, untuk mendapatkan data-data yang dibutuhkan. Kemudian data tersebut akan diolah menggunakan metode analisis SWOT, dan creative brief. Selain itu juga akan dirancang media promosi sosial media berupa feeds Instagram dan packaging yang akan berguna sebagai media promosi.
Reducing Metabolic Cost During Planetary Ambulation Using Robotic Actuation
Authors: Kluis Logan , Keller Nathan , Bai Hedan , Iyengar Narahari , Shepherd Robert , Diaz-Artiles Ana
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION: Current spacesuits are cumbersome and metabolically expensive. The use of robotic actuators could improve extravehicular activity performance. We propose a novel method to quantify the benefit of robotic actuators during planetary ambulation.METHODS:
Using the OpenSim framework, we completed a biomechanical analysis of three walking conditions: unsuited, suited with the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) spacesuit (represented as external joint torques applied to human joints), and suited with the EMU and assisted by robotic actuators
capable of producing up to 10 Nm of torque. For each scenario, we calculated the inverse kinematics and inverse dynamics of the lower body joints (hip, knee, and ankle). We also determined the activation of muscles and robotic actuators (when present). Finally, from inverse dynamics and muscle
activation results, the metabolic cost of one gait cycle was calculated in all three conditions.RESULTS: The moments of lower body joints increased due to the increased resistance to movement from the spacesuit. The additional torque increased the overall metabolic cost by 85 compared
to the unsuited condition. The assistive robotic actuators were able to reduce the metabolic cost induced by EMU resistance by 15.DISCUSSION: Our model indicates that the majority of metabolic cost reduction can be attributed to the actuators located at the hip. The robotic actuators
reduced metabolic cost similar to that of modern-day actuators used to improve walking. During a Mars mission, the actuators could save one crewmember up to 100,000 kilocal on one 539-d planetary expedition.Kluis L, Keller N, Bai H, Iyengar N, Shepherd R, Diaz-Artiles A. Reducing
metabolic cost during planetary ambulation using robotic actuation. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(7):570578.
An Update to Aircrew Grounding Periods After Ketamine Use
Authors: Boyd Nicola L. , Navathe Pooshan D.
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION: Ketamine is a rapidly acting general anesthetic which is globally used in surgical analgesia, as well as in the management of pain. It is also used as a recreational drug. Because of its widespread use in surgical settings, the use of this drug presents an aeromedical
problemin addition, of course, to the underlying condition for which it has been used. The literature around the mechanisms and side effects of ketamine is reasonably mature, and it is possible to make fairly dependable risk management decisions about return to flying based on the information
available. Accordingly, following ketamine use it is recommended that aviators be grounded for 48 h following Aviation Medical Examiner review. If review is unavailable, the aviator should be grounded for 1 wk to allow sufficient time to identify the existence of prolonged side effects, such
as psychomimetic effects or cognitive changes.Boyd NL, Navathe PD. An update to aircrew grounding periods after ketamine use. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(8):670-675.
Pulmonary Effects of Sustained Periods of High-G Acceleration Relevant to Suborbital Spaceflight
Authors: Pollock Ross D. , Jolley Caroline J. , Abid Nadia , Couper John H. , Estrada-Petrocelli Luis , Hodkinson Peter D. , Leonhardt Steffen , Magor-Elliott Snapper , Menden Tobias , Rafferty Gerrard , Richmond Graham , Robbins Peter A. , Ritchie Grant A. D. , Segal Mitchell J. , Stevenson Alec T. , Tank Henry D. , Smith Thomas G.
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUND: Members of the public will soon be taking commercial suborbital spaceflights with significant Gx (chest-to-back) acceleration potentially reaching up to 6 Gx. Pulmonary physiology is gravity-dependent and is likely to be affected,
which may have clinical implications for medically susceptible individuals.METHODS: During 2-min centrifuge exposures ranging up to 6 Gx, 11 healthy subjects were studied using advanced respiratory techniques. These sustained exposures were intended to allow characterization
of the underlying pulmonary response and did not replicate actual suborbital G profiles. Regional distribution of ventilation in the lungs was determined using electrical impedance tomography. Neural respiratory drive (from diaphragm electromyography) and work of breathing (from transdiaphragmatic
pressures) were obtained via nasoesophageal catheters. Arterial blood gases were measured in a subset of subjects. Measurements were conducted while breathing air and breathing 15 oxygen to simulate anticipated cabin pressurization conditions.RESULTS: Acceleration caused hypoxemia
that worsened with increasing magnitude and duration of Gx. Minimum arterial oxygen saturation at 6 Gx was 86 1 breathing air and 79 1 breathing 15 oxygen. With increasing Gx the alveolar-arterial (A-a) oxygen gradient widened progressively and the relative
distribution of ventilation reversed from posterior to anterior lung regions with substantial gas-trapping anteriorly. Severe breathlessness accompanied large progressive increases in work of breathing and neural respiratory drive.DISCUSSION: Sustained high-G acceleration at magnitudes
relevant to suborbital flight profoundly affects respiratory physiology. These effects may become clinically important in the most medically susceptible passengers, in whom the potential role of centrifuge-based preflight evaluation requires further investigation.Pollock RD, Jolley
CJ, Abid N, Couper JH, Estrada-Petrocelli L, Hodkinson PD, Leonhardt S, Mago-Elliott S, Menden T, Rafferty G, Richmond G, Robbins PA, Ritchie GAD, Segal MJ, Stevenson AT, Tank HD, Smith TG. Pulmonary effects of sustained periods of high-G acceleration relevant to suborbital spaceflight.
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(7):633641.
On properties of h-differentiable functions
Authors: Pavlovsky Vladislav A. , Vasiliev Igor L.
Published: September 2021

Research in the theory of functions of an h-complex variable is of interest in connection with existing applications in non-Euclidean geometry, theoretical mechanics, etc. This article is devoted to the study of the properties of h-differentiable functions. Criteria for h-differentiability and h-holomorphy are found, formulated and proved a theorem on finite increments for an h-holomorphic function. Sufficient conditions for h-analyticity are given, formulated and proved a uniqueness theorem for h-analytic functions.
Influence of extended heat sources on the temperature distribution in profiled polar-orthotropic annular plates with heat-insulated bases
Authors: Karalevich Uladzimir V. , Medvedev Dmitrij G.
Published: September 2021

The solution of the stationary heat conduction problem for profiled polar-orthotropic annular plates with heat-insulated bases from N extended heat sources at their external border is presented. The temperature distribution in such plates will be non-axisymmetric. The solution of the stationary heat conduction problem for anisotropic annular plates of an random profile is resolved through the solution of the corresponding Volterra integral equation of the second kind. The formula of a temperature calculations in anisotropic annular plates of an random profile is given. The exact solution of stationary heat conduction problem for polar-orthotropic annular plate of an exponential profile is recorded. The temperature distribution in such anisotropic plate from N extended heat sources at its outer border is more complex than in the case of temperature distribution from N point heat sources at their external border.
Model Pemberdayaan Literasi Tuberculosis Pada Siswa di SD N Tanjungmas
Authors: Aprianti Aprianti , Mubarokah Kismi
Published: September 2021

Puskesmas Bandarharjo merupakan salah satu puskesmas dengan jumlah kasus TB pada anak yang tinggi di Kota Semarang. Pada tahun 2017 jumlah kasus TB pada anak sebanyak 9 kasus. Kelurahan Tangjung mas memiliki kadatan hunian yang tinggi dan terdapat keluarga miskin paling banyak yaitu 153 KK. Kondisi miskin ini tentunya dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pendapatan masyarakat sekitar. Di mana mata pencaharian paling banyak Tanjung Mas selain IRT adalah buruh pabrik. Kondisi tersebut meningkat risiko terjadinya kasus TB khususnya TB pada anak. Anak merupakan tahapan dengan tugas perkembangannya adalah mendapatkan pendidikan, sehingga waktu produktif bagi anak paling banyak dilakukan di sekolah. Sekolah merupakan salah satu tempat yang efektif dan efisien untuk melakukan pemberdayaan literasi tuberkulosis pada anak. Oleh karena itu pemberdayan yang akan dilakukan terfokuskan pada pembuatan model pemberdayaan literasi TB pada anak di SD N Tanjungmas. Luaran yang didapatkan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini pengetahuan guru meningkat dengan efektifitas program, sedang sengan nilai gain score 0,69. Flipchart TAGAR (Tuberculosis tingkat dasar) didistribusikan sebanyak 20 buah untuk selurih guru dan arsip sekolah, siswa sangat antusias mengikut lomba mewarnai dengan tema pesan pencegahan tuberculosis sebanyak 40 pot telah terwarnai. Diharapkan denganguru dan siswa yang teredukasi dapat meningkatkanangka penemuan kasus tuberculosis dan segera mendapatkan pengobatan serta meningkatkan perilaku pencegahan.
Penerapan Aplikasi Pendataan Umat Pada Gereja Santa Perawan Maria Diangkat Ke Surga Makassar
Authors: Tungadi Astrid Lestari , Lisangan Erick Alfons , Adhiwidjaja Shereen Beatrix
Published: September 2021

The application of information technology has been widely used in organizations, one of which is in the Church. The annual activity that is routinely carried out is the data collection of the people by distributing data forms to each Church people. In order to improve services and help with fast data retrieval, it is necessary to apply information technology in the form of a community data collection application using internet. The method of applying the application is carried out in the form of sampling trials as well as training in the form of lecture methods, discussions, and direct practice of using the community data collection application. The results of community service activities show that the application applied helps the data collection process better and faster and has a positive impact where participants find the application easy to use and can be accessed at any time.
Pathomechanisms of AERD—Recent Advances
Authors: Lyly Annina , Laidlaw Tanya M. , Lundberg Marie
Published: September 2021

The pathomechanisms behind NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease are complex and still largely unknown. They are presumed to involve genetic predisposition and environmental triggers that lead to dysregulation of fatty acid and lipid metabolism, altered cellular interactions involving transmetabolism, and continuous and chronic inflammation in the respiratory track. Here, we go through the recent advances on the topic and sum up the current understanding of the background of this illness that broadly effects the patients' lives.
The Latest Research Progress of m6A Modification and Its Writers, Erasers, Readers in Infertility: A Review
Authors: Liu Xuda , Wang Haiying , Liu Bingchen , Qi Zhipeng , Li Jiashuo , Xu Bin , Liu Wei , Xu Zhaofa , Deng Yu
Published: September 2021

Eukaryotic messenger mRNAs contain many RNA methyl chemical modifications, in which N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays a very important role. The modification process of RNA methylation is a dynamic reversible regulatory process that is mainly catalyzed by “Writer” m6A methyltransferase, removed by “Eraser” m6A demethylase, and recognized by the m6A binding protein, thereby, linking m6A modification with other mRNA pathways. At various stages of the life cycle, m6A modification plays an extremely important role in regulating mRNA splicing, processing, translation, as well as degradation, and is associated with gametogenesis and fertility for both sexes. Normal gametogenesis is a basic guarantee of fertility. Infertility leads to trauma, affects harmony in the family and seriously affects the quality of life. We review the roles and mechanisms of RNA m6A methylation modification in infertility and provide a potential target for infertility treatment, which can be used for drug development.
Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Changes the Pattern of Surface Markers of Small Extracellular Vesicles Isolated From First Trimester Placental Long-Term Histocultures
Authors: Bergamelli Mathilde , Martin Hélène , Bénard Mélinda , Ausseil Jérôme , Mansuy Jean-Michel , Hurbain Ilse , Mouysset Maïlys , Groussolles Marion , Cartron Géraldine , Tanguy le Gac Yann , Moinard Nathalie , Suberbielle Elsa , Izopet Jacques , Tscherning Charlotte , Raposo Graça , Gonzalez-Dunia Daniel , D’Angelo Gisela , Malnou Cécile E.
Published: September 2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have increasingly been recognized as key players in a wide variety of physiological and pathological contexts, including during pregnancy. Notably, EVs appear both as possible biomarkers and as mediators involved in the communication of the placenta with the maternal and fetal sides. A better understanding of the physiological and pathological roles of EVs strongly depends on the development of adequate and reliable study models, specifically at the beginning of pregnancy where many adverse pregnancy outcomes have their origin. In this study, we describe the isolation of small EVs from a histoculture model of first trimester placental explants in normal conditions as well as upon infection by human cytomegalovirus. Using bead-based multiplex cytometry and electron microscopy combined with biochemical approaches, we characterized these small EVs and defined their associated markers and ultrastructure. We observed that infection led to changes in the expression level of several surface markers, without affecting the secretion and integrity of small EVs. Our findings lay the foundation for studying the functional role of EVs during early pregnancy, along with the identification of new predictive biomarkers for the severity and outcome of this congenital infection, which are still sorely lacking.
En Route to a Unified Model for Photoelectrochemical Reactor Optimization. II–Geometric Optimization of Perforated Photoelectrodes
Authors: Bedoya-Lora Franky E. , Hankin Anna , Kelsall Geoff H.
Published: September 2021

Results have been reported previously of a model describing the performance of photoelectrochemical reactors, which utilize semiconductor | liquid junctions. This model was developed and verified using SnIV-doped α-Fe2O3 as photoanodes. Hematite films were fully characterized to obtain parameter inputs to a model predicting photocurrent densities. Thus, measured photocurrents were described and validated by the model in terms of measurable quantities. The complete reactor model, developed in COMSOL Multiphysics, accounted for gas evolution and desorption in the system. Hydrogen fluxes, charge yields and gas collection efficiencies in a photoelectrochemical reactor were estimated, revealing a critical need for geometric optimization to minimize H2-O2 product recombination as well as undesirable spatial distributions of current densities and “overpotentials” across the electrodes. Herein, the model was implemented in a 3D geometry and validated using solid and perforated 0.1 × 0.1 m2 planar photoanodes in an up-scaled photoelectrochemical reactor of 2 dm3. The same model was then applied to a set of simulated electrode geometries and electrode configurations to identify the electrode design that would maximize current densities and H2 fluxes. The electrode geometry was modified by introducing circular perforations of different sizes, relative separations and arrangements into an otherwise solid planar sheet for the purpose of providing ionic shortcuts. We report the simulated effects of electrode thickness and the presence or absence of a membrane to separate oxygen and hydrogen gases. In a reactor incorporating a membrane and a photoanode at 1.51 V vs RHE and pH 13.6, an optimized hydrogen flux was predicted for a perforation geometry with a separation-to-diameter ratio of 4.5 ± 0.5; the optimal perforation diameter was 50 µm. For reactors without a membrane, this ratio was 6.5 and 8.5 for a photoanode in a “wired” (monopolar) and “wireless” (photo-bipolar) design, respectively. The results and methodologies presented here will serve as a framework to optimize composite photoelectrodes (semiconductor | membrane | electrolyte), and photoelectrochemical reactors in general, for the production of hydrogen (and oxygen) from water using solar energy.
Changes in Glycolytic Pathway in SARS-COV 2 Infection and Their Importance in Understanding the Severity of COVID-19
Authors: Santos Adalberto Fernandes , Póvoa Pedro , Paixão Paulo , Mendonça António , Taborda-Barata Luís
Published: September 2021

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that may lead to a severe acute respiratory syndrome. Such syndrome is thought to be related, at least in part, to a dysregulation of the immune system which involves three main components: hyperactivity of the innate immune system; decreased production of type 1 Interferons (IFN) by SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, namely respiratory epithelial cells and macrophages; and decreased numbers of both CD4+ and particularly CD8+ T cells. Herein, we describe how excessive activation of the innate immune system and the need for viral replication in several cells of the infected organism promote significant alterations in cells’ energy metabolism (glucose metabolism), which may underlie the poor prognosis of the disease in severe situations. When activated, cells of the innate immune system reprogram their metabolism, and increase glucose uptake to ensure secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Changes in glucose metabolism are also observed in pulmonary epithelial cells, contributing to dysregulation of cytokine synthesis and inflammation of the pulmonary epithelium. Controlling hyperglycolysis in critically ill patients may help to reduce the exaggerated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and optimise the actions of the adaptive immune system. In this review, we suggest that the administration of non-toxic concentrations of 2-deoxy-D-glucose, the use of GLUT 1 inhibitors, of antioxidants such as vitamin C in high doses, as well as the administration of N-acetylcysteine in high doses, may be useful complementary therapeutic strategies for these patients, as suggested by some clinical trials and/ or reports. Overall, understanding changes in the glycolytic pathway associated with COVID-19 infection can help to find new forms of treatment for this disease.
Homologous Escherichia coli Identified in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Bloodstream
Authors: Shi Qingmiao , Zhang Jun , Wang Jinghui , Du Lijuan , Shi Zhaoyang , Xu Min , Luo Yonggang
Published: September 2021

Background

Escherichia coli is an opportunistic bacterium that causes a wide range of diseases, such as bloodstream infection and central nervous system infection. The traditional culture-based method to detect E. coli usually takes more than 2 days. The object of this study is to explore the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in identifying E. coli from human cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, we investigated the infection source of E. coli through whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

Methods

We combined a clinical example to analyze the function of mNGS in pathogen detection from cerebrospinal fluid. NextSeq 550Dx platform was applied for mNGS. Next, whole genome sequencing was performed to obtain the genomic characterization of E. coli. Furthermore, we screened 20 E. coli strains from the National Center for Biotechnology Information and conducted a phylogenetic analysis.

Results

A middle-aged patient who attended our hospital was diagnosed with craniopharyngioma and received surgery. The patient had recurrent fever and persistent lethargy after surgery. Cerebrospinal fluid culture firstly failed to grow the bacteria. Next the cerebrospinal fluid sample was detected by mNGS and the sequence readings of E. coli were identified. Later, E. coli was reported via the second cerebrospinal fluid culture, certifying the result of mNGS. Moreover, we also cultured carbapenem-resistant E. coli from the patient’s bloodstream. Through whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, we found that the E. coli isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and the bloodstream was 100% homologous, indicating the E. coli central nervous system infection was originated from the bloodstream.

Conclusion

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing is a valuable tool to identify the pathogens from cerebrospinal fluid, and seeking the infection source is of great significance in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, carbapenem-resistant E. coli is a serious problem as the cause of bloodstream infection and central nervous system infection, and effective and adequate measures to prevent and control the present circumstance are urgent.
Twelve-Month Results From the First-in-China Prospective, Multi-Center, Randomized, Controlled Study of the FREEWAY Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon for Femoropopliteal Treatment
Authors: Zhang Bihui , Yang Min , He Tao , Li Xuan , Gu Jianping , Zhang Xiaoming , Dai Xiangchen , Li Xuedong , Lu Xinwu , Lang Dehai , Hu Hongyao , Chen Xueming , Yang Baozhong , Gu Hongbin , Zhang Xiwei , Zou Yinghua
Published: September 2021

Background: Several paclitaxel-coated balloons have been proved to provide better efficacy results than uncoated balloons in femoropopliteal lesions. But the efficacy and safety of FREEWAY balloons have not been investigated in Chinese patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety performance of FREEWAY paclitaxel-coated balloons vs. uncoated balloons in Chinese femoropopliteal artery lesions.

Methods: In this prospective multi-center randomized controlled FREEWAY-CHINA study, 311 patients with symptomatic lower limb ischemia (Rutherford category 2–5) and femoropopliteal lesions of 14 Chinese centers were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to endovascular treatment with either FREEWAY paclitaxel-coated balloons or uncoated balloons (control). The primary endpoint was the 6-month clinically-driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) rate. Secondary endpoints included the device and technical success rate, the ankle-brachial indexes (ABIs), Rutherford category change, the 6-month primary and secondary patency rates, severe adverse effects, and the 12-month CD-TLR rate.

Results: The two groups were comparable in terms of their demographic and lesion characteristics. Patients' mean age was 70 years, and 70% were men. The mean lesion length was 71 mm. The 6-month CD-TLR rate was 2.6% in the FREEWAY group and 11.7% in the control group (P = 0.001). The 12-month CD-TLR rate was 2.7% in the FREEWAY group and 13.2% in the control group (P = 0.0005). Other endpoints, including patency rates, major adverse events, and ABI or Rutherford change, did not differ between the two groups.

Conclusion: The FREEWAY balloon resulted in an effective decrease in CD-TLR rates and had similar safety results compared to the uncoated balloon in Chinese femoropopliteal artery patients at the 12-month follow-up appointment.