bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF MANIPULATIVES AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Marie Joy C. Baruiz  , Elizabeth D. Dioso
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of manipulatives (tangible learning materials) both on the mathematics achievement of 9th grade students. Pretest-posttest control group experimental model, which is one of the quasi-experimental research designs, was used in the study. The study group consisted of 86 ninth grade students (42 in experiment group and 44 in control group) studying in Camanlangan National High School in school year 2022-2023. As a result of the research, posttest mathematics academic achievement scores of experimental and control groups were found to differ significantly in favor of posttests in both groups. Hence, the use of manipulatives in teaching students helped improved their performance in mathematics.
KEYWORDS: manipulative, mathematics achievement, secondary school students Camanlangan National High School
PERENCANAAN KOMUNIKASI KEMITRAAN UNTUK MENDUKUNG PELAKSANAAN AWAL PENGEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI HOLISTIK INTEGRATIF
Authors: Asiyani Gusti , Afandi Nur Kholik , Asiah Siti Nor
Published: August 2023

Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan kebijakan yang mewajibkan lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini dilakukan dengan cara holistik-integratif untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan, memberikan layanan yang komprehensif dan berkualitas, serta melibatkan seluruh pemangku kepentingan pendidikan terkait. Perencanaan komunikasi kemitraan antara sekolah, keluarga, dan masyarakat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran anak, mengakomodasi beragam kebutuhan anak, dan membawa budaya inklusif dalam pendidikan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memberikan wawasan tentang bagaimana menerapkan strategi kemitraan dan mengatasi hambatan yang mungkin terjadi selama pelaksanaan program Pengembangan Anak Usia Dini Holistik Integratif (PAUD HI). Penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari studi empiris dan literatur dengan mendokumentasikan dan mereview semua artikel terkait komunikasi kemitraan dari tahun 2007 sampai tahun 2023. Diperoleh sebanyak 32 artikel jurnal nasional dan jurnal internasional terakreditasi yang diperoleh dari Google Scholar, Research Gate, SINTA, DOAJ dan Scopus. Berdasarkan kajian literatur didapatkan hambatan dalam rencana kemitraan komunikasi termasuk sikap menghakimi ketika bekerjasama dengan keluarga dan masyarakat, sekolah sebagai lingkungan yang tidak bersahabat, asumsi bahwa keluarga dan masyarakat kurang mampu mengenai proses pendidikan, dan kurangnya guru mengenai pelatihan kemitraan. Strategi yang dilakukan yaitu: 1) keterampilan komunikasi antara guru, keluarga dan masyarakat, 2) komitmen bersama untuk melakukan tanggung jawab dan peran dalam kemitraan, dan 3) keterbukaan sekolah mengenai perkembangan belajar anak. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan agar guru, sekolah, orangtua, dan masyarakat mendapat pemahaman keseluruhan tentang pengembangan komunikasi kemitraan yang dapat berguna bagi pemberlakuan program PAUD HI. Nilai-nilai komunikasi yang dapat diimplementasikan untuk mengembangkan kemitraan yang efektif antara lain pengertian dan penghormatan, keterbukaan, saling percaya, dan komitmen.

Kata kunci - Keluarga, Kemitraan, Masyarakat, Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
ANALISA DAMPAK LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAHU DI KAMPUNG KRAJAN, MOJOSONGO SURAKARTA TERHADAP KUALITAS FISIK DAN BIOLOGIS AIR SUNGAI KRAJAN
Authors: Tara Amah Virgianto , Sudaryantiningsih Cicik , Umbu Lolo Elvis
Published: August 2023

Industri tahu di Kampung Krajan Mojosongo, Surakarta dalam proses pengolahannya menghasilkan limbah cair. Limbah cair industri tahu dihasilkan dari proses pencucian, perebusan, pengepresan dan pencetakan tahu, sehingga limbah cair yang dihasilkan sangat tinggi. Limbah cair tanpa dikelola dengan baik sebelum dibuang ke saluran pembuangan menyebabkan turunnya kualitas lingkungan.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui proses terbentuknya limbah cair industri tahu, dampak limbah cair terhadap kualitas fisik dan biologi air di Sungai Krajan. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah air limbah yang mengalir di Sungai Krajan. Metode penelitian yang dipilih adalah deskriptif analisis. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengambil air limbah di empat titik sampel yang berbeda kemudian sampel tersebut diuji di Laboratorium.Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu limbah cair industri tahu dihasilkan pada proses perendaman serta pemisahan air dan tahu. Hasil uji fisik pada air limbah di Sungai Krajan diketahui bahwa  parameter BOD dan COD di titik satu sampai titik tiga memiliki nilai yang tidak memenuhi standar maksimum yang diperbolehkan.Parameter TSS dan pH titik 1 hingga titik 4 sudah memenuhi standar maksimum yang diperbolehkan. Kualitas biologis limbah cair tahu pada setiap titik memiliki perbedaan. Pada titik 1 tidak ditemukan organisme yang menimbulkan dampak pada kualitas biologis air limbah tahu. Pada titik 2 dan 3 ditemukan beberapa organisme yang menimbulkan dampak pada kualitas biologis air limbah seperti algae, tumbuhan darat, ulat, kodok. Pada titik 4 di temukan lebih banyak makhluk hidup dan tumbuhan seperti ikan, cacing, kodok, algae, dan kodok karena berada langsung pada sungai.

Kata Kunci : BOD, COD, TSS, pH, Kualitas  Fisik, Kualitas Biologis
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT & SILICA FUME SEBAGAI BAHAN SUBTITUSI PADA CAMPURAN BATA RINGAN CELLULAR LIGHT-WEIGHT CONCRETE (CLC)
Authors: Rahmanto Fariza Aulia , Jafar
Published: August 2023

Bata ringan merupakan inovasi pengembangan beton ringan atau lighweight concrete. Berat jenis bata ringan berkisar antara 500-1600 kg/m3 sehingga memberikan keuntungan dalam mengurangi beban struktur bangunan. Penggunaan bata ringan dianggap lebih efisien serta memberikan dampak yang baik terhadap lingkungan dibandingkan bata merah. Sebagai solusi penggunaan material dari alam secara berlebih yang dapat menyebabkan terbatasnya material dari alam, maka pemanfaatan limbah untuk kebutuhan bahan konstruksi menjadi solusi alternatif untuk mengurangi dampak kerusakan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh limbah cangkang kelapa sawit (CKS) serta Silica Fume sebagai material subtitusi pada bata ringan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membuat benda uji bata ringan menggunakan metode Cellular Light-weight Concrete berukuran 60 x 20 x10 cm dengan presentase subtitusi campuran CKS 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% dari berat pasir dan silica fume 10% dari berat semen. Pengujian bata ringan meliputi kuat tekan, berat jenis, penyerapan air yang berpedoman pada SNI 8640-2018. Hasil yang didapat menunjukan kuat tekan bata ringan akan semakin menurun seiring dengan kenaikan presentase CKS dengan kuat tekan tertinggi 0,663 MPa dan silica fume memberikan pengaruh kenaikan kuat tekan sebesar 9,7% terhadap bata ringan. CKS memiliki karateristik berat jenis lebih ringan serta penyerapan air lebih tinggi dari pasir. Sehingga peningkatan presentase subtitusi CKS pada bata ringan akan menyebabkan berat jenis pada bata ringan semakin rendah serta penyerapan air pada bata ringan akan meningkat. Berat jenis serta penyerapan air tersebut masih memenuhi spesifikasi pada SNI 8640-2018.
An Impact of Explicit Teaching of Reading Strategies on the Reading Motivation of Pakistani ESL Learners
Authors: Zehra Hasan  , Dr. Bushra Ahmed Khurram  , Amna Iqbal
Published: August 2023

Researchers advise teachers to help students develop a passion for reading to enhance their reading abilities. This action research aims to ascertain the effect of explicit teaching of reading strategies on Pakistani undergraduate ESL learners. The students received explicit reading strategy instruction over a four-month period in two cycles. The data was gathered with the help of a questionnaire i.e. Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) before and after the intervention stage. The findings show that teaching reading strategies explicitly ensures a positive impact on students’ motivation to read. As a result, it is discovered that students can get motivated to read if they are familiar with reading strategies, but what is the primary step to create initially is an interactive and interesting environment in the classroom. This study is important for language educators and teacher educators who want to motivate students. It additionally reinforces the usefulness of various existing reading strategies for motivating learners at a Pakistani private institution.
PENGARUH MEDIA WAYANG KARTUN TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN 18 MUARA TELANG
Authors: Ermawati Eva , Dessy Wardiah  , Aldora Pratama
Published: August 2023

ABSTRAC

This research is motivated by the lack of use of learning media in SD Negeri 18 Muara Telang, especially the use of wayang cartoon media. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of wayang cartoon media on listening skills in fourth grade students at SD Negeri 18 Muara Telang. The research method used in this research is quasi-experimental quantitative. Class IV sampling technique as control class and experimental class. Data collection techniques used are observation, tests and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the Independent T Test. Based on the results of the study, there is an influence of wayang cartoon media on listening skills in fourth grade elementary school students. From the results and discussion, it was concluded that there was a significant increase in listening skills and the average value for the experimental class was 88.94, while for the control class the average was 68.11. Then from the results of the t test it can be concluded that the results based on the SPSS output show that the Based on Mean Significance (Sig) value is 0.536 <0.05 and the sig (2 tailed) value is 0.000 <0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that there is the use of wayang cartoon media on listening skills in fourth grade elementary school students.

 

Keywords: wayang cartoon media, listening skills

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh kurangnya pemanfaatan media pembelajaran di SD Negeri 18 Muara Telang, terutama penggunaan media wayang kartun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh media wayang kartun terhadap keterampilan menyimak pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 18 Muara Telang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif Quasi Eksperimental. Teknik pengambilan sampel kelas IV sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas Eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji Independent T Test. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat pengaruh media wayang kartun terhadap keterampilan menyimak pada siswa kelas IV SD. Dari hasil dan pembahasan maka disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan yang signifkan keterampilan menyimak dan didapatkan nilai rata–rata yang ada dikelas eksperimen sebesar 88,94 sedangkan untuk kelas kontrol didapatkan rata-rata sebesar 68,11. Kemudian dari hasil Uji t maka dapat disimpulkan hasil berdasarkan output SPSS diketahui nilai Signifikasi (Sig) Based on Mean adalah sebesar 0,536< 0,05 dan nilai sig (2 tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Artinya ada penggunaan media wayang kartun terhadap keterampilan menyimak pada siswa kelas IV SD.

Kata Kunci : media wayang kartun, keterampilan menyimak
Systemic Diseases and Risk of Developing Gastrointestinal Cancer.
Authors: Malkani Naila , Rashid Muhammad Usman
Published: August 2023

Importance: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Observations: The global challenges GI cancers pose are high, especially in middle- and low-income countries. Patients with these cancers present with symptoms of poor appetite, weight loss, heartburn, abdominal pain, fatigue, and anaemia. Several risk factors contribute to GI cancers, including age, gender, obesity, pathogenic infections, smoking cigarettes, alcohol consumption, and dietary habits. Most of these cancers are sporadic. However, some patients are at high risk because of a family history of GI cancers. Systemic diseases affect multiple organs, and their chronic occurrence elicits inflammatory responses at various sites. These diseases also contribute to GI cancers. Conclusion and Relevance: In this review, we discuss that untreated systemic diseases, including diabetes, hepatitis, AIDS, ulcers, and hypertension, can potentially lead to GI cancers if they remain untreated for a longer period. Systemic diseases initiate oxidative stress, inflammatory pathways, and genetic manipulations, which altogether confer risks to GI cancers. Here, we describe the association between systemic diseases and their underlying mechanisms leading to GI cancers.
Deconstruction of The Agreement in Islamic Marriage Law
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Widya Sari
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to examine the essence of the contract in marriage, the taklik divorce as an agreement, polygamy agreements as mandated in the Marriage Law and property agreements in marriage. Normatively, everything is understood based on an agreement either by using the term contract or the agreement itself. This is a literature review (library research). The data analysis method used is content analysis. The results of this study indicate that contract law norms as mandated in Article 2 KHI, basically cannot be perceived as an agreement but are "a statement of handing over of responsibility from the guardian to the prospective husband. Taklik Divorce as an integral part of the marriage/marriage series is very counterproductive to Article 1320 of the Civil Code and the principles of agreements such as the principle of consensuality and the principle of freedom of contract. Polygamy agreements are basically accommodated in laws and regulations, but in principle are very counterproductive to the principle of justice and the orientation of the marriage itself as mandated in Article 1 of the Marriage Law and further emphasized by Article 2 KHI. Property agreements in marriage are perceived to prioritize the concept of materialism in marriage and are very counterproductive to Article 1 of the Marriage Law and Article 2 of the KHI. Based on the several points above, the legal norms related to these issues should be reviewed as an effort to place marriage on its true purpose and essence.Keywords: Deconstruction, Agreement, Islamic Marriage Law
Construction of Sumah Li'an Based on Sharia Maqashid
Authors: Imaro Sidqi
Published: August 2023

Li'an is one of the reasons for divorce that has been legitimized by Islamic law through the Qur'an and Hadith. In the Indonesian context, li'an is also described in the Compilation of Islamic Law. The problem that arises in the text of li'an law is the emergence of misogynistic interpretations, both at the conceptual and practical levels. This is contrary to the spirit behind the historical side of the revelation of the li'an verse which is intended to complain about the fate of women from accusations. This research aims to explore the concept of li'an according to the Koran in the context of the modern era using the maslahah approach by Imam al-Ghazali. The method used is literature with a qualitative descriptive type. The primary data is in the form of the Qur'an, while the secondary data is in the form of commentaries, books, journal articles, and other written sources related to the li'an theme. The results showed that the revelation of the li'an verse was a solution that responded to the problems of society at that time, namely to maintain the sanctity of lineage or lineage. With the development of technology and the dynamics of the times, technology can broaden views so that the construction of li'an law becomes relevant. Judging from the Li'an case itself, the assistive sciences that can be used include medical science. The harmonization between fiqh and modern scientific disciplines is aimed at achieving benefits in the form of maintaining religion, soul, mind, lineage, and property.Keywords : Li'an; Magna Cum Maghza; Maslahah
Aprendizaje autorregulado para aprender a aprender en la formación universitaria
Authors: Rosales-Marquez Cinthia , Silva-Aguilar Agueda , Miranda-Vargas Victor , Salas-Sanchez Rosa
Published: August 2023

Los desafiantes cambios han impactado el aprendizaje, creando la necesidad de nuevas formas de aprender, como el aprendizaje autorregulado. Este enfoque facilita el desarrollo de competencias al fomentar la metacognición y el aprender a aprender. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar investigaciones sobre el tema para extraer sus contribuciones. Se utilizó una revisión sistemática cualitativa, realizando búsquedas de artículos en Scopus, WOS y PubMed, tanto en inglés como en español, y se seleccionaron 30 documentos. Se evidenció que el aprendizaje autorregulado contribuye de manera integral y significativa al logro de competencias, analizado a través de sus dimensiones cognitiva, metacognitiva, afectivo-emocional, relacional-social y ética.
TEOLOGÍA POLÍTICA DE LA CRISIS DE LOS REFUGIADOS: ENTRE EL DEBER DE ACOGER Y LA DECISIÓN REALISTA DE LAS SOBERANÍAS DE RECIBIR O EXPULSAR
Authors: Pérez Bolaños Diana Maricela , Duque Silva Guillermo Andrés
Published: August 2023

Una de las virtudes de la Teología Política de Carl Schmitt es la doble lectura que nos propone: por un lado, es un virtuoso reclamo de politización de la teología cristiana pretendidamente impolítica y, por otro lado, es un método de análisis de los conceptos políticos que se enfoca en sus orígenes teológicos más que en las pretensiones de cientificidad.
En este artículo, emplearemos el método de la Teología Política para analizar un problema, supuestamente, político y racional actual: la Crisis de los refugiados. En particular vamos a analizar las reacciones morales que se están generado en las sociedades europeas ante la afluencia desenfrenada de refugiados provenientes, en la mayoría de los casos, de Siria, Irak, Afganistán, Yemen, Palestina, Venezuela y Colombia desde 2015.
Türkçe Öğretmen Adaylarının Argüman Sunum Yapılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: KAYGISIZ Çağrı , YAZICI Nermin
Published: August 2023

Düşünsel karşıtlıkların, öne sürülen gerekçeler yoluyla giderilmesini hedefleyen tartışmacı (argümantatif) metinler, gerek günlük yaşamda gerek öğretim süreci boyunca sıklıkla karşılaşılan metin türleridir. Argümantasyon kurabilme becerisi içeren argümantatif metinler, düşünsel alternatifler arasında rasyonel seçimler yapabilmenin yanı sıra sosyal, politik ve bilimsel tartışmaların bol olduğu çağdaş topluma aktif katılımı da sağlamaktadır. Bireylerin metalinguistik yeterliliğini geliştirmeyi amaçlayan yazma öğretiminde, argümantatif metinler ve bu yolla argümantasyon yapısı öğretimi, farklı öğrenme alanlarıyla da ilişkili olduğu için temel bir yeterlilik olarak görülmektedir. Ancak türe özgü kavramsal tasarımların karmaşıklığı, iyi yapılandırılmış tartışmacı metinlerin üretilmesini zorlaştırmaktadır. Argüman üretme becerisinin gelişimi; hem ana dili öğretimi, hem argüman üretimi için gereken dil becerilerinin kazandırılması, hem de herhangi bir olgu / olayla ilgili sahip olunan zihinsel tasarımlara (görüş, fikir, düşünce) ilişkin dilsel kurulumların nasıl yapılacağının öğretilmesi bakımından önemlidir. Dolayısıyla ana dili öğretim sürecinin en önemli unsuru olan öğretmenlerin argümantasyon yapısı ve öğretimine ilişkin donanımları belirleyici öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada mesleğe hazırlanan Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının argüman üretme ve metinleştirme süreçlerine ilişkin bilgi edinmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda elde edilen bulgular Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının tartışmacı metin üretiminde zorlandıklarını göstermektedir.
Üstün Yetenekli Öğrencilerin Uzamsal Yeteneklerinin Problem Çözme ile İlişkisi: Matematiksel Muhakemenin Aracı Rolü
Authors: KURNAZ Ahmet , YURT Eyüp , KOÇLAR Naziye
Published: August 2023

Bu araştırmada, üstün yetenekli öğrencilerde uzamsal yetenek ve problem çözme arasındaki ilişkide matematiksel muhakemenin aracı rolünün incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, ilişkisel tarama modeli temel alınarak yürütülmüştür. Türkiye’nin; Adana, Bursa, Elâzığ, Erzincan, Erzurum, İzmir, İzmit, Kayseri, Konya ve Manisa Bilim ve Sanat Merkezinde öğrenim gören 270 üstün yetenekli sekizinci sınıf öğrencisi çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Kâğıt katlama, zihinsel çevirme, matematiksel problem çözme ve matematiksel güç testleri kullanılarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Uzamsal yeteneğin problem çözme üzerindeki etkisinde muhakemenin aracı rolünü test etmek için Process Macro Model 4 kullanılmıştır. Uzamsal yetenek puanları ile problem çözme ve muhakeme puanları arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönlü ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Problem çözme puanları ile muhakeme puanları arasında ise orta düzeyde pozitif yönlü bir ilişki gözlenmiştir. Uzamsal yetenek ve problem çözme arasındaki ilişkide matematiksel muhakemenin kısmi aracı role sahip olduğunu belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, öğretim hizmetlerinde uzamsal yetenek ve muhakemenin birlikte ele alınması gerektiğini, bu şekilde problem çözme becerisine daha fazla katkıda bulunulabileceğini işaret etmiştir. Uzamsal yeteneği ve matematiksel muhakeme becerilerini kullanmayı gerektiren etkinlikler ile problem çözme becerisinin gelişimi doğrudan ve önemli düzeyde desteklenebilir.
Prototipo derivado de los prebióticos del yacón para problemas digestivos y diabetes
Authors: Oñate Perpiñan Yuneidys Mariet
Published: August 2023

La tendencia actual es una alimentación saludable que contenga elementos naturales beneficiosos para la salud; por tanto el proyecto de investigación tuvo como objetivo diseñar un prototipo en polvo, que contenga un edulcorante rico en fibra mediante la extracción de los prebióticos presentes en un tubérculo conocido como “Yacón”, su nombre científico es Smallanthus sonchifolius, con la finalidad de mejorar la salud de personas con problemas con problemas digestivos y diabetes en Colombia. Por lo anterior se planteó el aprovechamiento de los beneficios de este tubérculo, que se cultiva en la región andina, ya que contiene prebióticos como son la inulina y fructooligosacárido (azúcares naturales) conocidos también como FOS. El cuerpo humano no puede digerir estos compuestos, pero al consumirlos ayudan al sistema digestivo y fortalece el sistema inmunológico. Una alternativa para dar un uso diferente a este tubérculo es crear un producto tipo edulcorante con contenido de fibra y bajos en calorías que sean aptos para diabéticos y personas que sufran problemas digestivos. Este producto podría ser comercializado de forma exitosa al interior del país  Para la ejecución del proyecto de investigación se desarrollaron tres fases: Fase 1: se realizó la caracterización fisicoquímica del yacón y determinaron los beneficios de los prebióticos (inulina y fructooligosacáridos) presentes en él. Fase 2: se realizó el proceso de extracción de los prebióticos. Fase 3: se estableció la forma de industrializar y aprovechar los prebióticos (inulina y los fructooligosacáridos) que se encuentran en el Yacón. Esta investigación se caracterizó por ser de tipo mixto (exploratorio, descriptivo, experimental y correlacional), inicialmente la investigación inició como exploratoria y fue transformándose a medida que avanzó la investigación en descriptiva, experimental y correlacional. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron de observación, experimental y documental. Como resultados y conclusiones determinamos la composición fisicoquímica del yacón analizando el porcentaje de materia seca, humedad, azucares reductores y fibra,  evidenciándose que estos parámetros se encontraban dentro de los rangos establecidos por estudios realizados por diferentes autores. Por otra parte por el método de extracción del secado se determinó que se pueden obtener los prebióticos contenidos en el yacón como son la inulina y los fructooligosacáridos y además se pudo determinar a través de otras técnicas a nivel industrial como son el ultrasonido, la hidrólisis ácida, el secado y pulverizado de la materia prima (yacón) se pueden obtener los prebióticos presentes en el yacón (inulina y los fructooligosacáridos) como edulcorantes y fibra presentes.
Libro de autoría colectiva Estudios Centrados en las Ciencias Sociales. Vol. 1 Núm. 5
Authors: Ortega Rolando
Published: August 2023

Libro de autoría colectiva Estudios Centrados en las Ciencias Sociales. Vol. 1 Núm. 5
Evacuated tubes solar air collectors: A review on design configurations, simulation works and applications
Authors: Nabila Sulaiman  , Sany Izan Ihsan  , Syed Noh Syed Abu Bakar  , Zafri Azran Abdul Majid  , Zairul Azrul Zakaria
Published: August 2023

One of the primary components of solar energy utilization systems is evacuated tube solar air collectors (ETSACs). The irradiance is absorbed by these collectors, which is then transformed into thermal energy at the absorbing surface before being transmitted to the air passing through the collectors. This type of collector outperforms flat plate collectors in terms of reducing heat loss through conduction and convection and also during cloudy days; thus, ETSACs are the most preferred collectors to be applied for space heating, crop drying, and industrial applications. This review focuses on a summary of design configurations, simulation works, and applications of ETSACs in order to understand the influence of the thermal performance of ETSACs so that these collectors can be applied more effectively. Studies on the use of nanofluids as thermal performance enhancers and phase change materials as thermal storage media can be considered to enhance the thermal performance of ETSACs.
PCAT-DE: Reconstructing Pointlike and Diffuse Signals in Astronomical Images Using Spatial and Spectral Information
Authors: Feder Richard M. , Butler Victoria , Daylan Tansu , Portillo Stephen K. N. , Sayers Jack , Vaughan Benjamin J. , Zamora Catalina V. , Zemcov Michael
Published: August 2023

Observational data from astronomical imaging surveys contain information about a variety of source populations and environments, and their complexity will increase substantially as telescopes become more sensitive. Even for existing observations, measuring the correlations between pointlike and diffuse emission can be crucial to correctly inferring the properties of any individual component. For this task, information is typically lost, because of conservative data cuts, aggressive filtering, or incomplete treatment of contaminated data. We present the code PCAT-DE, an extension of probabilistic cataloging, designed to simultaneously model pointlike and diffuse signals. This work incorporates both explicit spatial templates and a set of nonparametric Fourier component templates into a forward model of astronomical images, reducing the number of processing steps applied to the observed data. Using synthetic Herschel-SPIRE multiband observations, we demonstrate that point-source and diffuse emission can be reliably separated and measured. We present two applications of this model. For the first, we perform point-source detection/photometry in the presence of galactic cirrus and demonstrate that cosmic infrared background galaxy counts can be recovered in cases of significant contamination. In the second, we show that the spatially extended thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect signal can be reliably measured even when it is subdominant to the pointlike emission from individual galaxies.
A Large Magnetic Hump in the VLISM Observed by Voyager 1 in 2020–2022
Authors: Burlaga L. F. , Pogorelov N. , Jian L. K. , Park J. , Szabo A. , Ness N. F.
Published: August 2023

Voyager 1 has been moving through the very local interstellar medium (VLISM) for approximately one solar cycle, from 122.58 au on 2012/DOY 238 (August 25) to 158.5 au on 2023.0. Previously, an abrupt increase (“jump”) in the magnetic field strength B and proton density N by a factor of 1.35 and 1.36, respectively, was observed during an interval of ∼8 days in 2020.40. After the jump, B continued to increase to a maximum value ∼0.56 nT at ∼2021.4 and then declined until B returned to the postjump value of 0.5 nT on 2021.85, 1.45 yr after the jump. The magnetic field strength declined briefly from 0.5 nT on 2021.85 to 0.47 nT on 2021.95 and then increased sporadically to 0.52 nT at 2023.0. Thus, the magnetic field strength remained strong for at least 2.6 yr. The magnetic hump and the density hump were a compression wave propagating through the VLISM. The compression wave was generated by a region with large dynamic pressure in the solar wind that propagated through the inner heliosheath and collided with the heliopause. The magnetic field strength continued to remain strong, with slow variations, until the end of our observations at 2023.0. It is suggested that the magnetic hump evolved from the large dynamic pressure, high speeds, and density observed at 1 au between ∼2015 and ∼2017.
Near-infrared Spectroscopy of Dense Ejecta Knots in the Outer Eastern Area of the Cassiopeia A Supernova Remnant
Authors: Koo Bon-Chul , Lee Yong-Hyun , Lee Jae-Joon , Yoon Sung-Chul
Published: August 2023

The Cassiopeia A supernova remnant has a complex structure, manifesting the multidimensional nature of core-collapse supernova explosions. To further understand this, we carried out near-infrared multiobject spectroscopy on the ejecta knots located in the northeastern (NE) jet and Fe K plume regions, which are two distinct features in the outer eastern area of the remnant. Our study reveals that the knots exhibit varying ratios of [S ii] 1.03, [P ii] 1.189, and [Fe ii] 1.257 μm lines depending on their locations within the remnant, suggesting regional differences in elemental composition. Notably, the knots in the NE jet are mostly S-rich with weak or no [P ii] lines, implying that they originated below the explosive Ne-burning layer, consistent with the results of previous studies. We detected no ejecta knots exhibiting only [Fe ii] lines in the NE jet area that are expected in the jet-driven supernova explosion model. Instead, we discovered a dozen Fe-rich knots in the Fe K plume area. We propose that they are dense knots produced by a complete Si burning with α-rich freeze-out in the innermost region of the progenitor and ejected with the diffuse X-ray-emitting Fe ejecta but decoupled after crossing the reverse shock. In addition to these metal-rich ejecta knots, several knots emitting only He i 1.083 μm lines were detected, and their origin remains unclear. We also detected three extended H emission features of circumstellar or interstellar origin in this area and discuss their association with the supernova remnant.
The Spectacular Tidal Tails of Globular Cluster M3 (NGC 5272)
Authors: Yang Yong , Zhao Jing-Kun , Tang Xin-Zhe , Ye Xian-Hao , Zhao Gang
Published: August 2023

We provide a detailed analysis of the tidal tails of the globular cluster M3 (NGC 5272). We first discover clear extratidal structures with a slight S shape near the cluster. This inspires us to examine the existence of its long tidal tails. We highlight potential stream stars using the proper motions (PMs) of a model stream combined with the cluster’s locus in a color–magnitude diagram (CMD). A 35° long leading tail and a 21° long trailing tail are successfully detected at the same time. Their corresponding overdensities can be recognized in CMD and PM space after subtracting the background. We estimate the stream width, star number density, and surface brightness for both tails, as well as the distance variation along the entire stream. We then verify the connection of M3 and the Svöl stream. Finally, we tabulate 11 member stars belonging to the M3 tidal stream with available spectroscopic observations.
The X-Ray Binary-star Cluster Connection in Late-type Galaxies
Authors: Hunt Qiana , Chandar Rupali , Gallo Elena , Floyd Matthew , Maccarone Thomas J. , Thilker David A.
Published: August 2023

We conduct one of the largest systematic investigations of bright X-ray binaries (XRBs) in both young star clusters and ancient globular clusters (GCs) using a sample of six nearby star-forming galaxies. Combining complete CXO X-ray source catalogs with optical Physics at High Angular Resolution in Nearby Galaxies-Hubble Space Telescope cluster catalogs, we identify a population of 33 XRBs within or near their parent clusters. We find that GCs that host XRBs in spiral galaxies appear to be brighter, more compact, denser, and more massive than the general GC population. However, these XRB hosts do not appear to be preferentially redder or more metal-rich, pointing to a possible absence of the metallicity-boosted formation of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) that is observed in the GCs of older galaxies. We also find that a smaller fraction of LMXBs is found in spiral GC systems when compared with those in early-type galaxies: between 8% and 50%, or an average of 20% across galaxies in our sample. Although there is a non-negligible probability of a chance superposition between an XRB and an unrelated young cluster, we find that among clusters younger than 10 Myr, which most likely host high-mass XRBs, the fraction of clusters associated with an XRB increases at higher cluster masses and densities. The X-ray luminosity of XRBs appears to increase with the mass of the cluster host for clusters younger than ∼400 Myr, while the inverse relation is found for XRBs in GCs.
Joint Action and Competition between Centrifugal, Magnetorotational, and Magnetic Buoyancy Instabilities
Authors: Gradzki M. J. , Hughes D. W. , Mizerski K. A.
Published: August 2023

Instabilities driven by some combination of rotation, velocity shear, and magnetic field in a stratified fluid under gravity play an important role in many astrophysical settings. Of particular note are the centrifugal instability, the magnetorotational instability, and magnetic buoyancy instability. Here, we consider a Cartesian model of an equatorial region incorporating all the physical ingredients necessary to study their competition. We investigate the linear instability to interchange (“axisymmetric”) modes of an inviscid, perfectly conducting, isothermal gas, including the effects of rotation, velocity shear, and poloidal and toroidal magnetic fields. The stability problem can be reduced to a second-order boundary value problem, with the growth rate as the eigenvalue. We can make analytic progress through consideration of the physically relevant regime in which the transverse horizontal wavenumber k ≫ 1. Via a perturbation analysis, with 1/k as the small parameter, we can derive the growth rate and the spatial dependence of the eigenfunctions: the unstable modes are strongly localized in the vertical direction, being either wall modes (localized near a boundary of the domain) or body modes (localized in the interior). We describe the conditions under which the joint action of the separate instability mechanisms leads to enhancement or suppression of the instability. Our analytical results are supplemented by numerical solutions of the stability problem. The most unstable mode found analytically is typically in excellent agreement with that found numerically through consideration of a wide range of wavenumbers. Finally, we discuss how our results relate to the solar tachocline.
Investigating the Impact of Metallicity on Star Formation in the Outer Galaxy. I. VLT/KMOS Survey of Young Stellar Objects in Canis Major
Authors: Itrich Dominika , Karska Agata , Sewiło Marta , Kristensen Lars E. , Herczeg Gregory J. , Ramsay Suzanne , Fischer William J. , Tabone Benoît , Rocha Will R. M. , Koprowski Maciej , Lê Ngân , Deka-Szymankiewicz Beata
Published: August 2023

The effects of metallicity on the evolution of protoplanetary disks may be studied in the outer Galaxy where the metallicity is lower than in the solar neighborhood. We present the VLT/KMOS integral field spectroscopy in the near-infrared of ∼120 candidate young stellar objects (YSOs) in the CMa-ℓ224 star-forming region located at a Galactocentric distance of 9.1 kpc. We characterize the YSO accretion luminosities and accretion rates using the hydrogen Brγ emission and find a median accretion luminosity of

log
(

L

acc

)
=
−

0.82

−
0.82

+
0.80

L

⊙

. Based on the measured accretion luminosities, we investigate the hypothesis of star formation history in the CMa-ℓ224. Their median values suggest that Cluster C, where most of YSO candidates have been identified, might be the most evolved part of the region. The accretion luminosities are similar to those observed toward low-mass YSOs in the Perseus and Orion molecular clouds, and they do not reveal the impact of lower metallicity. Similar studies in other outer Galaxy clouds covering a wide range of metallicities are critical to gain a complete picture of star formation in the Galaxy.
Non-LTE Abundances of Helium, Magnesium, and Silicon in the Atmosphere of the Bp He-weak Star HD 175156
Authors: Monier Richard
Published: August 2023

The synthesis of the spectral range 4400–4600 Å in UVES spectra of HD 175156 allows to estimate NLTE abundances of helium, nitrogen, oxygen, magnesium and silicon for this evolved B subgiant. The NLTE models used are published models from the BSTAR grid. Compared to the solar abundances, helium and magnesium are found to be overabundant by a factor of 2.0, oxygen and silicon underabundant by a factor of 0.75. Nitrogen has a solar abundance. The overabundances of helium and magnesium are reduced compared to their determinations in Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium.
Association of HPV Genotyping with HIF1-Alpha in Advanced Cervical Cancer on Response to Radiotherapy
Authors: Anfasa Muhammad Khalif , Suardi Dodi , Salima Siti , Winarno Gatot Nyarumenteng Adhipurnawan , Dewayani Birgitta Maria , Trianasari Nurvita , Sahiratmadja Edhyana
Published: August 2023

AIM: This study aims to determine the relationship between the HPV genotype in uterine cervical cancer and the expression of HIF-1α due to tissue hypoxia and its impact on radiation response.
METHODS: This study is an analytic and observational study with a cross-sectional design with the inclusion criteria in this study that was new cervical cancer Stage IIB, IIIA, IIIB, and IVA patients treated at the oncology polyclinic who had never undergone radiotherapy and would be treated with radiation.
RESULTS: Sixty patients advanced cervical cancer aged 25 to >45 years were involved patients. The majority had HPV genotype 16  infections. There was no significant relationship between treatment response and HPV genotype (HPV 16 genotype [p = 0.844], HPV 18 genotype [p = 0.161], other HPV genotypes [p = 0.108]), radiation response with HIF-1α expression (p = 0.503; OR 1.569 [0.417–5.899]), HIF1α expression with HPV genotype (HPV genotype 16 (p = 0.648; OR 1,357 [0.356–5.041]), HPV 18 genotype (p = 0.344; OR 1,458 [0.089–2.373]), and other HPV genotypes (p = 0.505; OR 1.667 [0.368–7.553]) as well as HIF-1α expression and HPV genotypes to radiation response (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Cervical cancer with infection with HPV Genotype 18 tends to express HIF1α strongly and increased partial radiation response. Overall statistically, there was no significant association between infection with certain genotypes of HPV with radiation response or HIF-1α expression in tumor tissue with radiation response.
Capturing and Using Taxonomic Knowledge for Species Identification
Authors: Koch Wouter
Published: August 2023

The skills and knowledge needed to recognize and classify taxa are becoming increasingly scarce in the scientific community, resulting in a “taxonomic impediment”, where such knowledge is gradually disappearing (Engel et al. 2021). At the same time, it is clear that these skills are strongly needed in biodiversity monitoring for management and conservation, especially when carried out by citizen scientists. Formalizing the knowledge required to distinguish taxa from one another in the form of open digital identification keys is one way of making such knowledge more findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) for professional and amateur observers of biodiversity.

Experience working with taxonomic experts to capture taxonomic knowledge in a tabular, multiple access format has proven that important nuances in taxonomic knowledge cannot be captured in a tabular format in a practical manner. Features like taxonomic hierarchy, rich metadata, formalized geographical scope, multilingualism, numerical ranges, logical premises, and links to external services are all much needed improvements of digital identification keys. However, these are complex to capture in a tabular format, defeating the benefits of its general simplicity. To address this, we have developed Clavis, an open format for identification keys written in JavaScript Object Notation (Koch et al. 2022). The goal is to create an ecosystem where different implementations and mappings of the Clavis format can serve the needs of various users and institutions, while maintaining knowledge exchange.

Having a versatile format as a foundation, a crucial next step was to offer experts a tool to edit and test identification keys, and provide end-users with a tool to access this information. In this presentation, we show the Clavis format itself, as well as an online editing tool and a end-user interface, available on clavis.no. Providing a more advanced use case, we demonstrate how we implement Clavis in tandem with computer vision, providing users with a single tool to quickly and reliably identify taxa using different technologies.
A new Floritettix (Orthoptera, Acrididae, Melanoplinae) from the Bombing Range Ridge, Florida, U.S.A.
Authors: Hill JoVonn G.
Published: August 2023

Floritettix are endemic to the North American Coastal Plain. Here I describe a new species, Floritettix phloxsp. nov., from the Bombing Range Ridge in central Florida. This species appears to be restricted to the heavily burned scrub habitat on this small ridge. This species is described based on morphological and biogeographical evidence.
Two new species of Ismarus Haliday (Hymenoptera, Ismaridae) from Yunnan, China
Authors: Yan Cheng-Jin , Peng Yan-Qiong , Chen Hua-Yan
Published: August 2023

The genus Ismarus Haliday are rarely collected parasitoids in the small family Ismaridae. In this study, two new species are described from China’s Yunnan Province: Ismarus robustus Chen & Yan, sp. nov. and Ismarus unisulcus Chen & Yan, sp. nov. An updated key to the Chinese species of the genus is provided.
Coronoid Fragment Size in Monteggia Fractures Predicts Ultimate Function
Authors: Gonzalez Leah , Littlefield Connor , Johnson Joseph , Leucht Philipp , Konda Sanjit , Egol Kenneth
Published: August 2023

We sought to determine what effect the size of a displaced coronoid fracture fragment in Monteggia injuries has on clinical outcome. Sixty-seven patients presented to an academic medical center for operative fixation of a Monteggia fracture. Radiographs were assessed for length and height of the displaced coronoid fragment using measuring tools in our center's imaging archive system. Data were analyzed using binary logistic or linear regression, as appropriate, controlling for sex, age, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Outcome measurements included radiographic healing, range of motion, postoperative complications, and reoperation. The cohort had a mean follow-up of 16.7 months. Mean coronoid fragment area was 362.4±155.9 mm
2
. Elbow range of motion decreased by 3.8° of elbow flexion (
P
<.001), 3.3° of elbow extension (
P
<.001), and 3.8° of forearm supination (
P
=.007) for every 1-cm
2
increase in coronoid fragment area. Complications (
P
=.012) and reoperation (
P
=.036) were associated with increasing coronoid fragment area. Nonunion rate, nerve injury, and pronation range of motion were not correlated to increasing coronoid fracture fragment area (
P
=.777,
P
=.123, and
P
=.351, respectively). As displaced coronoid fragment size increases in Monteggia fracture patterns, elbow range of motion decreases linearly. Coronoid displacement was also associated with increased rates of postoperative complication and need for reoperation. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(1):15–21.]
“Finding My Place in Academia”: Understanding the Experiences of Novice Faculty
Authors: McPherson Sara , Wendler M. Cecilia
Published: August 2023

Background:

The current nursing faculty shortage rapidly has expanded the need to hire faculty. New faculty are clinical experts in their own practice; however, many lack formal knowledge about the academic setting, making the transition from practice to academia difficult.

Method:

A qualitative descriptive study was developed to identify how new faculty transition into their academic positions. The sample consisted of 12 clinical nursing faculty participants.

Results:

A total of 12 themes emerged: awful day as faculty, career plans, compensation, finding my place in academia, great day at clinical, “I wanted to be successful,” preparation for the faculty role, struggling, student experiences, support, lack of support, and surprise. Finding ways to recruit and retain qualified faculty is imperative.

Conclusion:

Inadequate support for transitioning to the faculty role may contribute to faculty turnover; developing a strong mentoring program may help retain qualified faculty.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2023;62(8):433–442.]
Retinopathy of Prematurity: The Role of Nutrition
Authors: Kim Esther S. , Calkins Kara L. , Chu Alison
Published: August 2023

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness. ROP occurs in infants who are born very preterm. In ROP, retinal blood vessel development, which is prematurely arrested in preterm infants, is altered by perinatal exposures like oxygen and inflammation. Optimizing nutritional practices for preterm infants may mitigate the risk of ROP. In this article, we review the evidence that postnatal growth, hyperglycemia, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and breast milk provision may affect ROP risk. We also outline the current management strategies for ROP and describe the vision outcomes of children affected by ROP.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2023;52(8):e303–e308.]
Liner alliance shipping network design model with shippers' choice inertia and empty container relocation
Authors: Xin Xu , Wang Xiaoli , Zhang Tao , Chen Haichao , Guo Qian , Zhou Shaorui
Published: August 2023

Liner companies have responded to escalating trade conflicts and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by forming alliances and implementing streamlined approaches to manage empty containers, which has strengthened the resilience of their supply chains. Meanwhile, shippers have grown more sensitive during these turbulent times. Motivated by the market situation, we investigate a liner alliance shipping network design problem considering the choice inertia of shippers and empty container relocation. To address this problem, we propose a bilevel programming model. The upper model aims to maximize the alliance's profit by optimizing the alliance's shipping network and fleet design scheme. The lower model focuses on optimizing the slot allocation scheme and the empty container relocation scheme. To ensure the sustainable operation of the alliance, we develop an inverse optimization model to allocate profits among alliance members. Furthermore, we design a differential evolution metaheuristic algorithm to solve the model. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm, numerical experiments are conducted using actual shipping data from the Asia-Western Europe shipping route. The results confirm the validity of the proposed model and algorithm, which can serve as a crucial decision-making reference for the daily operations of a liner shipping alliance.