bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Similarity-based retroactive interference in semantic and procedural long-term memories in human participants in real-life situations
Authors: Fu Zhaoying
Published: June 2024

If memories of similar things are stored in the brain at about the same location or using a similar group of neurons and with similar neural networks, then a newly acquired memory will interfere with or even erase an old similar memory and lead to forgetting. We designed two experiments to test this hypothesis: a verbal experiment (for declarative semantic memory) and a gymnastic experiment (for nondeclarative procedural-related memory). In the verbal experiment, the participants first memorized two poem stanzas, then memorized two new stanzas that are very similar to the first two, and finally, took a test on the stanzas they memorized first. In the gymnastic experiment, the participants first learned a set of gymnastics, then learned another (very similar) set, and finally, took a test on the gymnastics set they learned first. The results showed that the participants who memorized two new poem stanzas made more mistakes than did the control participants in the last test, and the participants who learned a new set of gymnastics performed the first set much poorly compared with the control participants in the last test. We included an additional group in each experiment. The participants in this group were required to review the previously learned poem stanzas or gymnastics when they were learning the new ones (to compare the new ones with the old ones). The results showed that this group performed far better in the last test (on what they learned first). In summary, our experiments showed that newly acquired memories significantly interfered with or even erased similar old (semantic and procedural long-term) memories; nevertheless, if new things were learned in comparison with old ones, the interference could be noticeably reduced. Our study provided support for similarity-based retroactive interference in long-term semantic and procedural memories and offered ways to reduce such interference.
Biotic and abiotic factors collectively drive the macroscopic differences in soil seed bank density between planted and natural forests
Authors: Wang Jiangfeng , Wang Ru , Zhang Xing , Xu Jiali , Zhang Xueting , Guo Xiali , Gao Jie
Published: June 2024

Global climate change is intensifying forest degradation, making the soil seed bank density (SSBD) in planted and natural forests a crucial resource for ecosystem restoration. Focusing on soil seed bank density can help us assess the potential of vegetation regeneration and maintain ecosystem stability and function. However, the macro-scale distribution differences and controlling mechanisms of SSBD in these forests remain elusive. This study focuses on the SSBD in 537 natural and 383 planted forest sites across China, examining the specific impacts of climatic, soil, and forest stand factors. It also predicts the pathways through which these factors modulate SSBD variations in both forest types. Our findings reveal that SSBD is significantly higher in planted forests compared to natural ones (P < 0.001). SSBD shows a marked declining trend with increasing temperature and precipitation (P < 0.001). In contrast, increases in sunlight duration and evapotranspiration positively correlate with SSBD in both forest types. Natural forests exhibit higher sensitivity to soil nutrient changes than planted forests. Both forest types show similar SSBD trends with changes in forest stand factors. Soil pH independently contributes the most to the spatial variation of SSBD in natural forests, while soil nitrogen content is the most significant contributor for planted forests. Mean Annual Temperature (MAT) and Mean Annual Precipitation (MAP) not only directly affect SSBD in natural forests but also indirectly through soil pH, forest stand density, and forest net primary productivity, with direct impacts outweighing the indirect. In planted forests, SSBD is primarily influenced directly by Mean Annual Evapotranspiration (MAE), MAP, soil nitrogen content, and stand density. Additionally, MAE and soil nitrogen content indirectly affect SSBD through forest stand density. Our results reveal that in forest management and administration, attention should not only be given to changes in climatic factors but also to soil nutrient loss.
Structures of Natural and Strategic Mutants reveal a Core Network crucial for Integrity of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD
Authors: Schlundt Andreas , Dhamotharan Karthikeyan , Korn Sophie , Wacker Anna , Becker Matthias , Günther Sebastian , Schwalbe Harald
Published: June 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein is indispensable for processing of the viral RNA genome. The N-terminal domain (NTD) was suggested to mediate specific RNA-interactions, but the lack of high-resolution structures with viral RNA prohibits insights into the precise mechanism of complex formation. Similarly, mutations in the nucleocapsid NTD since 2019 have not been addressed molecularly. Systematically combining crystallography and solution NMR, we here investigate the influence of six naturally occurring plus strategic NTD mutations on structural integrity and RNA-binding. We find that both features rely on a core network of residues conserved in Betacoronaviruses. This core network proves important for protein stability and communication between flexible loop-regions, key for RNA-recognition. Our comprehensive structural analysis demonstrates that crucial contacts within the expanded network steer selective interaction with target RNAs. We propose the core network renders the NTD evolutionarily robust in stability and plasticity for its versatile RNA genome-processing functions.
El control jurisdiccional de constitucionalidad de las leyes: origen, conceptualización y modelos
Authors: Harbottle Quirós Frank
Published: June 2024

En este artículo, a partir de una revisión bibliográfica, se exponen los antecedentes históricos del control jurisdiccional de constitucionalidad de las leyes y se conceptualiza dicha figura en el marco político-jurídico de un Estado constitucional de derecho. Se caracterizan los dos modelos tradicionales de control de constitucionalidad, a saber, el americano y el europeo. Posteriormente, se presenta un “estado de la cuestión” que se enfoca en el denominado “modelo mixto”. Se concluye que las dos tradiciones jurídicas se han ido flexibilizando con el transcurso del tiempo, lo que ha dado paso a que muchos países de Europa y de América hayan adoptado un modelo híbrido, siendo insostenible en la actualidad la existencia de modelos puros.
El caso ambiental emblemático en la jurisprudencia argentina (“Mendoza”) y su posible futuro en el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos
Authors: López Alfonsín Marcelo Alberto
Published: June 2024

Este caso emblemático es tomado no solo por la doctrina argentina sino ha recibido una calurosa recepción en la jurisprudencia de los tribunales inferiores y en otras cortes constitucionales tanto de la región como europeas. A más de 25 años y confrontado el mismo con la Opinión Consultiva N° 23 de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, se analiza la eventual responsabilidad internacional del Estado argentino por violación a este nuevo derecho humano al ambiente sano ya receptado en el corpus iuris interamericano.
Expectativas de aborto inducido en una universidad del centro de México
Authors: García Lirios Cruz , Molina González María Del Rosario
Published: June 2024

Las políticas de interrupción del embarazo se distinguen por orientar las opiniones, decisiones y comportamientos hacia la solicitud individual del aborto, aún y cuando la literatura indica que la elección de pareja es definida por el grupo más cercano a la persona, las estrategias de gobierno parecen concentrarse en los motivos personales de quien solicita el servicio. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue establecer las dimensiones sociopolíticas y sociocognitivas del aborto. Se realizó un trabajo documental, exploratorio y psicométrico con una muestra de 100 estudiantes de una universidad pública seleccionados por sus prácticas y servicio profesional en instituciones de salud pública. Los resultados advierten una reducción a tres factores de los seis que se reportan en la literatura. Se recomienda la disminución a tres factores y once indicadores a fin de ajustar el instrumento a la muestra y su escenario de expectativas de interrupción del embarazo.
El servicio de suministro de agua para usos agrícolas en Cuba
Authors: Baquero Valiente Lianne Milagros
Published: June 2024

La presente investigación teórica y científica pretende proponer desde una perspectiva teórica, histórica y comparada los presupuestos teóricos y normativos del servicio de suministro de agua para usos agrícolas de manera que contribuyan al perfeccionamiento legal en el ordenamiento jurídico cubano para ello se argumenta en el orden teórico, histórico y comparado, la configuración del suministro de agua para usos agrícolas determinándose las insuficiencias existentes tanto en el orden normativo y práctico en Cuba en cuanto al suministro de agua para usos agrícolas y su conformación legal y contractual legislativa. Se formulan presupuestos teóricos jurídicos para el perfeccionamiento normativo del suministro de agua para usos agrícolas en la legislación cubana para su adecuada aplicación por los operadores del derecho en el sector agropecuario partiendo de las problemáticas científicas detectadas en el orden práctico y normativo. La investigación se estructura en dos epígrafes el primero inicia con un estudio del suministro de agua para los usos agrícolas en orden teórico, histórico, y comparado para determinar las tendencias actuales de los países foráneos en estos usos agrícolas del agua. El segundo capítulo titulado el suministro de agua para usos agrícolas en Cuba, expresa la normativa del suministro de agua para el sector agrícola, sus antecedentes históricos y legislativos hasta llegar a las deficiencias normativas y problemáticas prácticas de esta materia hasta arribar como resultado principal bases y propuestas legislativas de perfeccionamiento en los usos agrícolas del agua en la legislación cubana. Seguido de conclusiones, recomendaciones, y bibliografía consultada para la investigación científica.
Troia Konulu Eserleriyle Türk Seramik Sanatçıları
Authors: Yücel Coşar Müjde
Published: June 2024

Zamanın kudretli bir tanığı olarak, geçmişten günümüze uzanan zengin bir mirası temsil eden, birçok medeniyetin izlerini taşıyan Troia Antik Kenti, bilim insanlarının, arkeologların ve tarihçilerin merakını her zaman üzerinde toplamıştır. Bu antik yerleşim, aynı zamanda sanatçıları kendine çekerek onları geçmişin gizemli dünyasına doğru bir yolculuğa çıkarmıştır. Sanatçıların yaratıcılığını ve estetik anlayışını beslemiş, sanatsal çalışmalarında ilham kaynağı olmuştur.
Çalışma kapsamında Troia temasıyla en az bir seri eser üreten Türk seramik sanatçılarının çalışmaları ele alınmıştır. Troia temalı seramik sanat eserlerinin tespit edilmesinde, dijital veri tabanları ve kütüphanelerden yapılan literatür taramasının yanı sıra saha araştırmasından da faydalanılmıştır. Eserlerin anlamlarının yorumlanması ve tarihsel bağlamının anlaşılmasında sanatçı görüşlerine başvurulmuştur.
Troia Antik Kenti ile aynı coğrafyayı paylaşmış sanatçıların, bu kenti temsil eden konuları daha sık işledikleri tespit edilmiştir. Üretilen eserlerde en çok Troia'nın zengin mitolojisinden esinlenildiği gözlenmiştir. Özellikle de, Troia mitolojinin en simgesel ögelerinden biri olan atın kullanımının sıklıkla tercih edildiği dikkati çekmiştir.
Learning Preference of Health Care Professional Students at a Multi-culturalUniversity in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: David Sheeba M. , Ilesanmi Rose E. , Hanson Victoria F. , Edwin Vimala
Published: June 2024

Background:

Identifying the preferred learning modalities of students is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the content of the study, and this can be
achieved by employing the VARK inventory developed by Neil D. Fleming. The preferred learning modality of students significantly influences
their learning outcomes.

Aim:

This study aimed to identify the preferred learning modalities among health professional students.

Methods:

Using a cross-sectional survey study design, we surveyed a consecutive sample of 351 students from three health professional programs: Nursing,
Medical, and Pharmacy. After obtaining institutional board approval, a standardized self-administered VARK inventory (Visual, Aural,
Read/write, Kinaesthetic), version 7.8, was employed. VARK scores were computed for each respondent and sent to the publisher for interpretation
and categorization of learning preferences. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 28.0 and 29.0.

Results:

The findings revealed that 35.9% of participants were between 18-20 years old and identified as unimodal learners, with 19.1% preferring
kinaesthetic learning. In the bimodal and trimodal categories, 5.98% exhibited preferences for AK (Aural, Kinaesthetic) and VAK (Visual, Aural,
and Kinaesthetic). Only seventy students (19.9%) preferred multimodal learning patterns. Notably, all the college students were identified as
unimodal learners.

Conclusion:

Understanding these diverse learning preferences empowers students to employ appropriate learning methods, enhancing their overall learning
experience. Faculty members can leverage this data to tailor teaching styles, thereby optimizing the learning environment. Further research across
different universities can contribute to broader knowledge and informed strategies that promote effective learning processes.
A Case Report of Aberrant Origin of the Right Coronary Artery from thePulmonary Artery in an Adult Male: The Role of Multi-modality Imaging
Authors: Tabatabai Sadeq , Abushabana Mosaad , Osman Hesham , Zarger Parveez Ahamad , Osman Hind Hassan , Zaky Hosam
Published: June 2024

Background:

The normal anatomy of the coronary arteries consists of the right coronary artery and the left main coronary artery, which originate from the right
and left sinuses of Valsalva in the aortic root separately. In general, congenital anomalies of the coronary artery are uncommon in adults. The
ectopic origin of a coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk is part of a group of infrequent coronary artery anomalies. The Anomalous origin of
the Right Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ARCAPA) is thought to be an extremely rare congenital coronary artery anomaly. Most of
our knowledge and experience about this congenital coronary malformation is derived from published case reports and series.

Case Presentation:

We have, herein, reported the case of a 68-year-old male who was discovered to have ARCAPA after he presented to our center with chest pain.
The patient underwent multiple invasive and non-invasive diagnostic imaging modalities, including an echocardiogram, a coronary angiogram, a
multislice-gated coronary computed tomographic angiogram, and stress perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. The clinical
decision was to continue with conservative non-surgical management along with close follow-up.

Conclusion:

The ARCAPA anomaly is considered to be one of the rare congenital coronary artery variances that can be discovered in late adulthood as a patient
may remain asymptomatic for many decades.
Numerical Simulation of Temperature Distribution and Residual Stress in Laser Beam Welding AA6061 and Ti-6Al-4V and Optimization of Welding Processes
Authors: Merga Alemu , Mosisa Gutema Endalkachew , Gopal Mahesh , Lemu Hirpa G.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Since the combination of its rapid processing speed and high energy input,
laser beam welding is considered advanced and suitable for welding thin and lightweight metals.
The residual stresses deposited in the parts as a result of rapid heating and cooling render laserwelded
components susceptible to fractures and deformities.

Objective:

In this patent, the modelling of the laser beam welding process during the joining of Ti-
6Al-4V and AA6061 dissimilar metals to analyze the effects of the welding process on residual
stress and elastic strain by considering beam radius, beam offset, welding speed, and beam power as
input parameters.

Methods:

The 3D model of the Ti-6Al-4V and AA6061 was developed using CATIA V5R16 software
and beam radius. Beam offset, welding speed, and beam power are the input parameters considered,
and the output parameters are stress and elastic strain. Design Expert is used to design the
experiment. ANOVA was used, and a mathematical model was developed to analyze the performance
characteristics of the welding process.

Results:

The results revealed that increasing the laser power increases residual stress, whereas it
decreases with increasing the other parameters. The maximum average equivalent von Mises stress
was 288.79 MPa, which is near the yield strength of AA6061. The optimum welding conditions selected
for minimum possible residual stress is 1600.003 W, welding speed 0.05 m/s, beam radius
0.014 m.

Conclusion:

Based on the current observation during the simulation of joining dissimilar metals, the
flow temperature along the weld line and weldment shows uneven distribution due to the dissimilarity
of temperature-dependent properties of materials. The increased laser power leads to an increase
in residual stress.
Synthesis of Bis-pyrazole Derivatives Using Coal Fly Ash @CuO Coreshell Nanocomposite and their Molecular Docking against Human Tyrosyl DNA Phosphodiesterase I
Authors: Thakare Savita Vasantrao , Borhade Ashok Vishram , Sangle Shilpa Laxman
Published: June 2024

Background:

For catalyzing carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond formation reactions, core-shell nanocomposites have attracted particular attention as invincible
heterogeneous catalysts. Heterocyclic motifs like pyrazole have been used in anticancer
drugs. Moreover, DNA repair enzymes are also an efficient target for developing potential
anticancer therapies.

Methods:

Novel core-shell nanocomposite coal fly ash @CuO has been produced by loading
the precursor Cu(NO3)2.3H2O on a thermally and chemically activated Coal Fly Ash (CFA)
core. Triton X-100 surfactant was used to increase the uniform adhesive coating of the CuO
shell on the fly ash core. The structure and physicochemical properties of the composite
were elucidated through techniques, such as Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron MicroscopyEnergy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM and EDAX), Transmission Electron Microscopy, Selected Area Electron Diffraction (TEM and SEAD), and Brunauer-EmmettTeller (BET) surface analysis. Then, the catalytic efficiency of CFA@CuO was checked for
the synthesis of bis-pyrazole derivatives. Furthermore, we also executed docking simulations
between 1QZQ and bis pyrazole molecules to assess the affinity and binding orientation of
the ligand.

Results:

Compared to synthesized CuO nanoparticles, the catalytic activity of CFA@CuO
could be found promising as it offers high yield and purity of bis-pyrazole derivatives. After
the completion of the reaction, the catalyst was separated and recycled. It was found that the
yield of this catalyst remained unchanged even after four consecutive runs. A docking simulation was performed between 1QZQ and bis-pyrazole derivatives, proving that pyrazoles
are a better source for inhibiting selectively tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase I.

Conclusion:

Herein, we report a convenient and efficient practical protocol for the preparation of 4, 4-(arylmethylene)-bis (3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-ols) and its derivatives using
Tandem- Knoevenagel-Michael cyclocondensation of aromatic aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and phenyl hydrazine using CFA@CuO nanocomposite as a heterogeneous nanoscale
and recyclable catalyst. A molecular docking study concluded that 4’-(4-
nitrophenylmethylene) bis(3-methyl-1phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ols) is a better inhibitor of lead
against 1QZQ among all synthesized derivatives, suggesting it a potent hydrophobic lead
drug candidate as phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Exploring Public Emotions on Obesity During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Correia Jorge César , Ahmad Sarmad Shaharyar , Waqas Ahmed , Meraj Hafsa , Pataky Zoltan
Published: June 2024

Background

Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial, and relapsing disease, affecting people of all ages worldwide, and is directly related to multiple complications. Understanding public attitudes and perceptions toward obesity is essential for developing effective health policies, prevention strategies, and treatment approaches.

Objective

This study investigated the sentiments of the general public, celebrities, and important organizations regarding obesity using social media data, specifically from Twitter (subsequently rebranded as X).

Methods

The study analyzes a dataset of 53,414 tweets related to obesity posted on Twitter during the COVID-19 pandemic, from April 2019 to December 2022. Sentiment analysis was performed using the XLM-RoBERTa-base model, and topic modeling was conducted using the BERTopic library.

Results

The analysis revealed that tweets regarding obesity were predominantly negative. Spikes in Twitter activity correlated with significant political events, such as the exchange of obesity-related comments between US politicians and criticism of the United Kingdom’s obesity campaign. Topic modeling identified 243 clusters representing various obesity-related topics, such as childhood obesity; the US President’s obesity struggle; COVID-19 vaccinations; the UK government’s obesity campaign; body shaming; racism and high obesity rates among Black American people; smoking, substance abuse, and alcohol consumption among people with obesity; environmental risk factors; and surgical treatments.

Conclusions

Twitter serves as a valuable source for understanding obesity-related sentiments and attitudes among the public, celebrities, and influential organizations. Sentiments regarding obesity were predominantly negative. Negative portrayals of obesity by influential politicians and celebrities were shown to contribute to negative public sentiments, which can have adverse effects on public health. It is essential for public figures to be mindful of their impact on public opinion and the potential consequences of their statements.
Developing and Evaluating Digital Public Health Interventions Using the Digital Public Health Framework DigiPHrame: A Framework Development Study
Authors: Jahnel Tina , Pan Chen-Chia , Pedros Barnils Núria , Muellmann Saskia , Freye Merle , Dassow Hans-Henrik , Lange Oliver , Reinschluessel Anke V , Rogowski Wolf , Gerhardus Ansgar
Published: June 2024

Background

Digital public health (DiPH) interventions may help us tackle substantial public health challenges and reach historically underserved populations, in addition to presenting valuable opportunities to improve and complement existing services. However, DiPH interventions are often triggered through technological advancements and opportunities rather than public health needs. To develop and evaluate interventions designed to serve public health needs, a comprehensive framework is needed that systematically covers all aspects with relevance for public health. This includes considering the complexity of the technology, the context in which the technology is supposed to operate, its implementation, and its effects on public health, including ethical, legal, and social aspects.

Objective

We aimed to develop such a DiPH framework with a comprehensive list of core principles to be considered throughout the development and evaluation process of any DiPH intervention.

Methods

The resulting digital public health framework (DigiPHrame) was based on a scoping review of existing digital health and public health frameworks. After extracting all assessment criteria from these frameworks, we clustered the criteria. During a series of multidisciplinary meetings with experts from the Leibniz ScienceCampus Digital Public Health, we restructured each domain to represent the complexity of DiPH. In this paper, we used a COVID-19 contact–tracing app as a use case to illustrate how DigiPHrame may be applied to assess DiPH interventions.

Results

The current version of DigiPHrame consists of 182 questions nested under 12 domains. Domain 1 describes the current status of health needs and existing interventions; domains 2 and 3, the DiPH technology under assessment and aspects related to human-computer interaction, respectively; domains 4 and 5, structural and process aspects, respectively; and domains 6-12, contextual conditions and the outcomes of the DiPH intervention from broad perspectives. In the CWA use case, a number of questions relevant during its development but also important for assessors once the CWA was available were highlighted.

Conclusions

DigiPHrame is a comprehensive framework for the development and assessment of digital technologies designed for public health purposes. It is a living framework and will, therefore, be updated regularly and as new public health needs and technological advancements emerge.
Sexual health determinants during the life course and migration of people originated from Haiti and living in French Guiana: a biographical and transdisciplinary study protocol of the Parcours D’Haïti study. (Preprint)
Authors: Alcouffe Leslie , Tareau Marc Alexandre , Brun Rambaud Gabriel , Lucarelli Aude , Boutrou Mathilde , Thorey Camille , Cantalupi Greta , Kpossou Karl , Huber Florence , Rabier Sébastien , Rochemont Dévi Rita , Blaise Théo , Thomas Estelle , Jean Guerline , Pierre Louis Ruth , Zephirin Annette , Djossou Félix , Cissé Hawa , Faurous William , Drouaud Quentin , Mergeay-Fabre Mayka , Adenis Antoine , Nacher Mathieu , Vignier Nicolas
Published: June 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

French Guiana is a French overseas territory located in the Guiana Shield in South America, exposed to specific social and demographic challenges, notably in terms of migration. Haitians are one of the three main foreign communities in French Guiana, and face specific barriers in accessing healthcare and prevention. They are also one of the key populations for HIV infection. We describe here the protocol of the PARCOURS D’HAÏTIstudy, designed to update knowledge on the health of the Haitian population living in French Guiana, using a transdisciplinary approach to gain a detailed understanding of the determinants of health and the processes underlying HIV contamination. This mixed-methods study was based primarily on a quantitative epidemiological and biographical study of people originated from Haiti aged between 18 and 60 who had been living in French Guiana for more than 3 months. The biographical component was based on the use of a biographical grid providing information on variables year by year since birth. Secondly, a qualitative component included three sub-studies based on semi-directive interviews and focus groups with field professionals and people from Haiti, aimed at gaining a better understanding of the use of traditional and biomedical care, access to care and the mental health of people from Haiti. The study material was co-constructed with local stakeholders and community health workers. Recruitment of this discreet population was based on an original method involving all players in the field and mobilizing a wide range of places frequented by the Haitian community. Recruitment and data collection were then carried out by Haitian Creole-speaking peer investigators (community health mediators).
A manifesto for Intelligent Experiences
Authors: Hemment Drew , Simperl Elena , Sandler Mark , Kennedy Helen , Benford Steve , Manghani Sunil
Published: June 2024

Let's look beyond the impressive capabilities of current AI tools, to envision 'intelligent experiences' that can surprise and delight us, are culturally enriching, and are inclusive, fair and environmentally sound.
Intelligent experiences are encounters with creative works infused with new and emerging technologies. They encompass sensory, emotional and intellectual engagement with various interfaces and artifacts powered by machine learning models.
These experiences are where humans meaningfully engage with machine learning's predictive capabilities. They manifest the outputs of machine logic in forms that humans can understand and interact with.
Crucially, intelligent experiences foster serendipitous, unexpected interactions rather than trying to replicate interactions learned from the past. This goes beyond efficiency, or mimicking the works of human artists. Intelligent experiences are celebrations of diverse interpretations and interactions, and mediators of constructive discussions rather than heated exchange. They provoke us to search for meaning and come to new interpretations of cultural works and ultimately of ourselves.
The arts, like any other field, have a responsibility to use technologies responsibly, so we call for intelligent experiences to be not only delightful and enriching, but also socially and environmentally just. They need to express a multiplicity of data rights and ownership, and acknowledge and reward effortful human creative practice.
For this to work, we need to ask questions of AI itself, and consider how the technology needs to evolve to make a lasting impact on human creativity. This vision for intelligent experiences will require AI to become more subjective, playful, able to deal with ambiguity, open to failure, improvised, negotiated, and being open to critique from those who engage with it. We believe intelligent experiences can help to radically change how we think about AI design, moving beyond the current paradigm of learning patterns from large amounts of data, to embrace human traits such as bias, disagreement, and uncertainty as a signal with creative potential rather than noise that needs to be removed.
Strategies for ethical systems and organisations, and for empowering AI artists
Authors: Jäger Eva
Published: June 2024

At The New Real, we want to reflect and represent those at the forefront of art and AI – and to work with them to develop actionable strategies and signposts for practitioners.
Here Eva Jäger, Curator of Arts Technologies at Serpentine, looks at ethical and relational business models, and emerging practices of artists.
We wanted to know: What are the viable alternatives to current extractive AI business models, how can we achieve them, and do they work at scale? What are the common issues at the heart of these debates; what does the current and emerging generations of artists want; and should we even think about intelligent art through a business-lens? In short: How do we build ethical, fair and prosperous systems and organisations for art, audiences and artists?
AI is Human After All by Anna Ridler and Caroline Sinders (2019-2021)
Authors: Hemment Drew , Ridler Anna , Sinders Caroline
Published: June 2024

is Human After All was an artist residency by Anna Ridler and Caroline Sinders with The New Real on the hidden human labour involved in creating and deploying AI, and on how to face the climate crisis, as a part AI Lab (European ARTificial Intelligence Lab: Ars Electronica).
Expansive Images
Authors: Troiano Catherine
Published: June 2024

As public discourse rages – debating the ways in which artificial intelligence (AI) systems will automate, streamline and disrupt human life – the artists, scientists, engineers and scholars who have long engaged with this field of technology let out a collective sigh.
AI in real time
Authors: De Roure David
Published: June 2024

A celebration of the dynamic world of AI in real time, focusing on music improvisation and the joys of cocreation.
problèmes sociaux révélés par la fiction critique française contemporaine : Cora dans la spirale de Vincent Message
Authors: Landais Choimet Monique
Published: June 2024

Faisant suite au projet de recherche réalisé entre 2019 et 2021, La Littérature de terrain qui vise à réparer le monde, le présent article propose une lecture sociocritique d’un roman contemporain intitulé Cora dans la spirale (2019) de Vincent Message. Il convient de préciser l’emphase mise sur la démarche méthodologique afin de faciliter une future application de cette approche sociocritique pour tout lecteur à d’autres textes. Dans un premier temps, il s’agit d’élaborer un cadre théorico-critique qui fournisse les définitions des concepts-clé adaptés à ce récit littéraire : sociogramme, sociotexte/chronotope, médiations discursives et sociales qui concernent le domaine littéraire ainsi que deux autres critères fondamentaux pour la présente analyse, habitus et imaginaire social, empruntés à la sociologie. Ce référent définitionnel s’appuie sur l’apport de sociocriticiens et sociologues tels que Claude Duchet, Patrick Maurus, Pierre Popovic, Anthony Glinoer et Pierre Bourdieu, ou bien sur d’autres penseurs, François Hartog et Dominique Viart, entre autres, dans le but de nourrir notre lecture grâce à l’appropriation de catégories provenant d’autres disciplines. Dans un deuxième temps, ce même paradigme conceptuel sous-tend la lecture afin de révéler les rouages sociaux-économiques sous-jacents qui perturbent profondément l’existence des protagonistes. À ceci, il faut ajouter que l’approche proposée se veut ouverte et perfectible ainsi que le souhaite la sociocritique au pluriel, personnelle et collective, hétérogène et internationaliste.
Mots-clés : approche sociocritique, démarche méthodologique, romans contemporains, dialogues interdisciplinaires, Claude Duchet, lecture ouverte, rouages socio-économiques.
Spor Yönetiminde İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Fonksiyonlarına Yönelik Kavramsal Eğilimler: Maxqda Ai Assist ile Tematik Analiz
Authors: Ahat Kamil
Published: June 2024

Araştırmanın amacı spor yönetiminde yaşanan gelişmeleri insan kaynakları yönetimin fonksiyonları olan kariyer planlama, yetenek yönetimi, performans değerlendirme, motivasyon, oryantasyon, eğitim ve geliştirme bağlamında incelenmesi olup, son yıllarda ortaya çıkan kavramsal eğilimlerin analiz edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Buna uygun olarak sistematik literatür taraması ile tespit edilen araştırmalardaki kavramsal eğilimlerin tematik olarak betimlenerek raporlanmış ve spor yönetimi alanına yönelik güncel ihtiyaçlar anlaşılarak ve öneriler sunulmuştur. Araştırmanın soru cümlesi PICOS yöntemi ile “Spor yönetimi kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiş olan insan kaynakları yönetimi fonksiyonlarına yönelik çalışmalarının kavramsal eğilimleri nelerdir?” şeklinde oluşturulmuştur. Veri tabanlarının taranması için Boolen yöntemi ile operatör işleçler geliştirilmiştir. EBSCOhost ve Proquest veri tabanı aracılığı ile gerçekleştirilen sistematik tarama sonunda 2019-2024 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilmiş tarama kriterleri ile uyumlu 33 kaynağa ulaşılmıştır. Sistematik tarama aşamaları PRISMA yöntemi ile detaylandırılarak raporlanmıştır. Araştırmanın yöntemi temelde nitel içerik analizi olup, araştırmanın amacına ve soru cümlesine uygun olarak tematik içerik analizi deseni benimsenmiştir. Araştırmada kodlama, tematik analiz, veri görselleştirme ve raporlama aracı olarak Maxqda 24 Pro AI Assist kullanılmıştır. Bu sebeple yazar YÖK belgesine dayanarak “ÜYZ Kullanılan Bilimsel Araştırmalarda Etik Standartlara Uyum Beyanı ve Kontrol Listesi” oluşturmuş ve etik beyanda bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre 2019-2024 yılları arasında spor yönetiminde insan kaynakları yönetimine yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilmiş olan araştırmalarda spor yönetiminde öne çıkan insan kaynakları fonksiyonlarının kurumlarla ilişkiler ve organizasyon, eğitim ve geliştirme, yetenek yönetimi, planlama, seçme ve yerleştirme olduğunu ve bu kapsamda özellikle yetkinlik kavramının öne çıktığını göstermiştir. Yetkinlikler kavramın öne çıkışını spor uzmanlarının yönetimi, liderlik, motivasyon, sporun gelişimi ve performans kavramları takip ederek desteklemektedir.
Objectivity of classical quantum stochastic processes
Authors: Szańkowski Piotr , Cywiński Łukasz
Published: June 2024

We investigate what can be concluded about a quantum system when sequential quantum measurements of its observable – a prominent example of the so-called quantum stochastic process – fulfill the Kolmogorov consistency condition and thus appear to an observer as a sampling of a classical trajectory. We identify a set of physical conditions imposed on the system dynamics, that when satisfied, lead to the aforementioned trajectory interpretation of the measurement results. We then show that when another quantum system is coupled to the observable, the operator representing it can be replaced by external noise. Crucially, the realizations of this surrogate (classical) stochastic process follow the same trajectories as those measured by the observer. Therefore, it can be said that the trajectory interpretation suggested by the Kolmogorov consistent measurements also applies in contexts other than sequential measurements.
Filling the Gaps in Peptide Maps with a Platform Assay for Top-Down Characterization of Purified Protein Samples
Authors: Aaron Bailey , Durbin Kenneth , Robey Matthew , Palmer Lee , Russell William
Published: June 2024

LC-MS intact mass analysis and LC-MS/MS peptide mapping are foundational
assays for developing biologic drugs and other commercial protein
products. Certain PTM types, such as truncation and oxidation, increase
the difficulty of precise proteoform characterization owing to inherent
limitations in peptide and intact protein analyses. Top-down MS (TDMS)
can resolve this ambiguity via fragmentation of specific proteoforms. We
optimized our existing flow-programmed denaturing online buffer exchange
((fp)dOBE) approach to improve ESI sensitivity and increase TDMS
sampling time for industrial applications. Using bovine
alpha-lactalbumin (αLac), we tested data-dependent (DDA) and targeted
strategies with 14 different MS/MS scan types featuring combinations of
collisional- and electron-based fragmentation as well as proton transfer
charge reduction. This large dataset was processed using a new software
platform, named TDAcquireX, that improves proteoform characterization
through TDMS data aggregation. (fp)dOBE-based DDA-TDMS analysis readily
identified truncated proteoforms. For targeted TDMS, we used Sliding
Window fragment ion deconvolution to analyze composite proteoform
(cPrSM) results. This strategy facilitates probability-based noise
filtering of individual fragments, simultaneously increasing matched
fragments while decreasing total fragment masses. Using this strategy,
we characterized oxidation positional isomers on αLac, finding ETD
fragmentation uniquely provided accurate relative occupancy ratios by
oxidation-specific challenges.
Core concepts in pharmacoepidemiology: quantitative bias analysis
Authors: Brown Jeremy , N Jacob Hunnicutt , M Sanni Ali , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Cole Ashley , Langan Sinead , Nitsch Dorothea , Rentsch Christopher , Galwey Nicholas , Wing Kevin , Douglas Ian
Published: June 2024

Pharmacoepidemiological studies provide important information on the
safety and effectiveness of medications, but the validity of study
findings can be threatened by residual bias. Ideally, biases would be
minimised through appropriate study design and statistical analysis
methods. However, residual biases can remain, for example due to
unmeasured confounders, measurement error, or selection into the study.
A group of sensitivity analysis methods, termed quantitative bias
analyses, are available to assess, quantitatively and transparently, the
robustness of study results to these residual biases. These approaches
include methods to quantify how the estimated effect would be altered
under specified assumptions about the potential bias, and methods to
calculate bounds on effect estimates. This article introduces
quantitative bias analyses for unmeasured confounding,
misclassification, and selection bias, with a focus on their relevance
and application to pharmacoepidemiological studies.
Population dynamics of the Lyme disease bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi, during rapid range expansion in New York State
Authors: Oppler Zachary , Prusinski Melissa , O'Keeffe Kayleigh , Pearson Patrick , Rich Stephen , Falco Richard , Vinci Vanessa , O'Connor Collin , Haight Jamie , Backenson P. Bryon , Brisson Dustin
Published: June 2024

Recent changes in climate and human land-use have resulted in
alterations of the geographic range of many species, including human
pathogens. Geographic range expansion and population growth of human
pathogens increase human disease risk. Relatively little empirical work
has investigated the impact of range changes on within-population
variability, a contributor to both colonization success and adaptive
potential, during the precise time in which populations are colonized.
This is likely due to the difficulties of collecting appropriate natural
samples during the dynamic phase of migration and colonization. We
systematically collected blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis)
across New York State (NY), USA, between 2006 and 2019, a time period
coinciding with a rapid range expansion of ticks and their associated
pathogens including Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiological agent
of Lyme disease. These samples provide a unique opportunity to
investigate the genetic dynamics of human pathogens as they expand into
novel territory. We observed that founder effects were short-lived, as
gene flow from long-established populations brought almost all B.
burgdorferi lineages to newly colonized populations within just a few
years of colonization. By seven years post-colonization, B.
burgdorferi lineage frequency distributions were indistinguishable from
long-established sites, indicating that local B. burgdorferi
populations experience similar selective pressures despite geographic
separation. The B. burgdorferi lineage dynamics elucidate the
processes underlying the range expansion and demonstrate that migration
into, and selection within, newly colonized sites operate on different
time scales.
Circulating Metabolite Biomarkers of Glycemic Control in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Chen Zsu-Zsu , Lu Chang , Dreyfuss Jonathan M. , Tiwari Gaurav , Shi Xu , Zheng Shuning , Wolfs Danielle , Pyle Laura , Bjornstad Petter , El ghormli Laure , Gerszten Robert E. , Isganaitis Elvira
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to identify metabolites associated with loss of glycemic control in youth-onset type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We measured 480 metabolites in fasting plasma samples from the TODAY (Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth) study. Participants (N = 393; age 10–17 years) were randomly assigned to metformin, metformin plus rosiglitazone, or metformin plus lifestyle intervention. Additional metabolomic measurements after 36 months were obtained in 304 participants. Cox models were used to assess baseline metabolites, interaction of metabolites and treatment group, and change in metabolites (0–36 months), with loss of glycemic control adjusted for age, sex, race, treatment group, and BMI. Metabolite prediction models of glycemic failure were generated using elastic net regression and compared with clinical risk factors.

RESULTS

Loss of glycemic control (HbA1c ≥8% or insulin therapy) occurred in 179 of 393 participants (mean 12.4 months). Baseline levels of 33 metabolites were associated with loss of glycemic control (q < 0.05). Associations of hexose and xanthurenic acid with treatment failure differed by treatment randomization; youths with higher baseline levels of these two compounds had a lower risk of treatment failure with metformin alone. For three metabolites, changes from 0 to 36 months were associated with loss of glycemic control (q < 0.05). Changes in d-gluconic acid and 1,5-AG/1-deoxyglucose, but not baseline levels of measured metabolites, predicted treatment failure better than changes in HbA1c or measures of β-cell function.

CONCLUSIONS

Metabolomics provides insight into circulating small molecules associated with loss of glycemic control and may highlight metabolic pathways contributing to treatment failure in youth-onset diabetes.
Two cases of acute ischemic stroke associated with strut exposure in the cerebral artery lumen after stent-assisted coil embolization
Authors: Lee Seong-Joon , Park Hanul , Kim Hong Nam , Park So Young , Hong Ji Man , Lee Jin Soo
Published: June 2024

Stent-assisted coil embolization (SAC) is used for complex wide-necked aneurysms but can expose stent struts to the arterial lumen, leading to thrombosis. Herein, we report two cases of delayed thromboembolic stroke post-SAC. Case 1: A 71-year-old woman had an acute ischemic stroke 2 months after Y-stent SAC for a basilar artery aneurysm, and aspirin was prescribed post-procedure. Diffusion-weighted imaging revealed multiple scattered infarcts of various sizes in the posterior circulation. Case 2: A 72-year-old woman experienced an acute ischemic stroke 3 years post-SAC for a right posterior communicating artery aneurysm. The stroke occurred after discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy. Diffusion-weighted imaging revealed scattered acute infarctions in the right middle and anterior cerebral artery territories. These two cases of delayed thromboembolic stroke after SAC might have been due to stent strut exposure in the arterial lumen and concurrent thrombosis.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Online Berbasis Android di Kota Bandar Lampung
Authors: Syarif Admi , Yanti Desi , Muludi Kurnia , Kurniawan Didik
Published: June 2024

This research focuses on enhancing public transportation in Bandar Lampung City through the development of an Android-based online Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) application. Utilizing GPS technology, the application provides users with real-time information on bus locations and movements, integrating Google Maps for visual data presentation. The programming language Java and the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) Android Studio were employed in the application's development. System functionality was assessed using the black box testing method, ensuring the application's reliability and performance without examining internal workings. User acceptance was measured through Driver Acceptance Testing (UAT), employing Likert scale-based questionnaires that evaluated three key aspects: visual design, system input/output functions, and overall efficiency. Results indicated a positive reception, with 79% of drivers approving the application's design, 76% confirming the adequacy of system functions, and 84% acknowledging the efficiency of the application. From the users' perspective, the feedback was similarly favorable, with 82% satisfied with the application's appearance, 79% with its system functionalities, and 85% with its efficiency. The findings suggest that the Android-based online BRT application has been well received in Bandar Lampung City, indicating a significant step forward in improving the city's public transportation system through technological advancements.