bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatigue reliability analysis of composite material considering the growth of effective stress and critical stiffness
Authors: Gao Jianxiong , Heng Fei , Yuan Yiping , Zhu Pengnian
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Fatigue damage accumulation will not only cause the
degradation of material performance, but also lead to the growth of
effective stress and critical stiffness. However, the existing fatigue
reliability models usually ignore the effective stress growth and its
influence on critical stiffness of composite material. This study
considers the combined effects of performance degradation and effective
stress growth, and a pair of fatigue reliability models for composite
material is presented. Firstly, the fatigue damage in composite material
is quantified by its performance degradation, and the fitting accuracy
of several typical fatigue damage models is compared. Subsequently, the
uncertainties of initial strength and initial stiffness are considered,
and a pair of probabilistic models of residual strength and residual
stiffness is proposed. The performance degradation data of Gr/PEEK
[0/45/90/-45] laminates are utilized to verify
the proposed probabilistic models. Finally, the effective stress growth
mechanism and its influence on failure threshold are elaborated, and a
pair of fatigue reliability models for composite material is developed.
Moreover, the differences between strength-based and stiffness-based
reliability analysis results of composite material are compared and
discussed. Keywords: fatigue reliability; performance
degradation; effective stress; fatigue damage; composite material
Risk Factors for Infection with Influenza A(H3N2) virus on a US University Campus, October–November 2021
Authors: Lewis Nathaniel , Delahoy Miranda , Sumner Kelsey , Lauring Adam , Bendall Emily , Mortenson Lindsey , Stamper Aleksandra , Edwards Elizabeth , Flannery Brendan , Martin Emily
Published: March 2023

Background: Knowledge of the specific dynamics of influenza introduction
and spread in university settings is limited. Methods: Persons with
acute respiratory illness symptoms received influenza testing by
molecular assay during October 6–November 23, 2022. Viral sequencing
and phylogenetic analysis were conducted on nasal swab samples from
case-patients. Case-control analysis of a voluntary survey of persons
tested was used to identify factors associated with influenza; logistic
regression was conducted to calculate odds ratios and 95% CIs. A subset
of case-patients tested during the first month of the outbreak was
interviewed to identify sources of introduction and early spread.
Results: Among 3,268 persons tested, 788 (24.1%) tested positive for
influenza; 744 (22.8%) were included in the survey analysis. All 380
sequenced specimens were influenza A (H3N2) virus clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2,
suggesting rapid transmission. Influenza (OR [95% CI]) was
associated with indoor congregate dining (1.43 [1.002–2.03]),
attending large gatherings indoors (1.83 [1.26–2.66]) or outdoors
(2.33 [1.64–3.31]), and varied by residence type (apartment with ≥1
roommate: 2.93 [1.21–7.11], residence hall room alone: 4.18
[1.31–13.31], or with roommate: 6.09 [2.46–15.06], or
fraternity/sorority house: 15.13 [4.30–53.21], all compared with
single-dwelling apartment). Odds of influenza were lower among persons
who left campus for ≥1 day during the week before their influenza test
(0.49 [0.32–0.75]). Almost all early cases reported attending large
events. Conclusions: Congregate living and activity settings on
university campuses can lead to rapid spread of influenza following
introduction. Isolating following a positive influenza test or
administering antiviral medications to exposed persons may help mitigate
outbreaks.
The role of syringe sharing in the spread of HIV/AIDS among injectable drug users
Authors: Apenteng Ofosuhene O. , Nkansah Henrietta , Nkhata Loveness A. , Brinch Maja L. , Conrady Beate
Published: March 2023

Containment syringe sharing among individuals is considered to be the
most contributing factor to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It’s
well recognized that sharing syringes significantly contributes to the
transmission of diseases amongst individuals. This study examines how
syringe sharing may contribute to HIV infection and spread among
injectable drug users. Sharing syringes greatly aids in the spread of
infections among people, as is widely acknowledged. The model was
calibrated using data from Malaysia from 2000 to 2011 on the incidence
of HIV among drug injectors. Through the use of the Markov chain Monte
Carlo simulation approach, the parameters are estimated using Bayesian
inference. The basic reproduction number for HIV disease suggests that
the disease-free equilibrium was stable during the 12 years. This is a
good indicator from the public health point of view since the goal is to
stabilize the infection rate. Our findings emphasized the potential
involvement of syringe sharing in the transmission of HIV among
injectable drug users and the need for more research into this infection
rate in order to improve strategies for reducing the incidence of
individual HIV cases among people who inject drugs.
Guide in Designing an Asynchronous Performance-Centric Framework for Heterogeneous Microservices in Time-Critical Cybersecurity Applications. The BIECO Use Case
Authors: Erdei Rudolf , Pasca Emil Marian , Delinschi Daniela , Bărăian Iulia , Matei Oliviu
Published: March 2023

This article presents the architecture, design and validation of a
microservice orchestration approach, that improves the flexibility of
heterogeneous microservice-based platforms. Improving user experience
and interaction, for time-critical applications are aspects that were
primary objectives for the design of the architecture. Each microservice
can provide its own embedded user interface component, also
decentralizing it and, in consequence, improving the loosely coupled
approach to the architecture. Obtained results are promising, with high
throughput and low response times. Also, a key finding was the
introduction of benchmarking as a new step in the development lifecycle
of performance-critical software components, with an example of how it
can be applied within an Agile methodology. Further research is proposed
to improve the results and raise the final technology readiness level of
the system. Obtained results already make the approach a candidate and
viable alternative to classical service composers.
Relationship Between Hypertension and Hearing Loss and Analysis of the Related Factors
Authors: Liu Bo , Hou Yinjing
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To investigate the characteristics of hearing loss
and hearing threshold at different frequencies in hypertensive patients.
To analyze the factors related to hearing loss and hearing threshold at
different frequencies in hypertensive patients.
Design：Observational Studies. From inpatient ward, clinical,
biological and hospital data were collected. Setting：Single
center population-based observational study. Participants：We
considered 517 patients (1034 ears),either with hypertension or without
hypertension. Main outcome measures：We considered the
proportion of hearing loss, the average hearing threshold, low-frequency
hearing threshold, medium-frequency hearing threshold, and
high-frequency hearing threshold. The risk factors related to hearing
loss, mean hearing threshold, low-frequency hearing threshold,
medium-frequency hearing threshold, and high-frequency hearing threshold
were searched. Results: Compared with the non-hypertensive
group, the proportion of hearing loss in the hypertensive group was
higher ( P < 0.05). After including risk factors of
cardiovascular disease and ambulatory blood pressure parameters in the
regression model, the factors related to hearing loss included Albumin
creatinine ratio (ACR) and the standard deviation of 24-hour systolic
blood pressure (24h-SSD). ACR, 24h-SSD, and day systolic blood pressure
(Day SBP) were associated with mean hearing threshold, low-frequency
hearing threshold, medium-frequency hearing threshold, and
high-frequency hearing threshold. The area under the receiver operating
characteristic curve of ACR+24h-SSD for hearing loss was 0.873 with a
sensitivity of 86.73%, specificity of 90.52%, and 95% confidence
interval of 0.821–0.914. Thus, ACR combined with 24h-SSD had a high
predictive efficiency for hearing loss. Conclusion:
Hypertension may be a cause of hearing loss, and the related factors
include ACR and 24h-SSD.
How Can We Improve the Seamless Representation of Climatological Statistics and Weather Toward Reliable Global K-scale Climate Simulations?
Authors: Takasuka Daisuke , Kodama Chihiro , Suematsu Tamaki , Ohno Tomoki , Yamada Yohei , Seiki Tatsuya , Yashiro Hisashi , Nakano Masuo , Miura Hiroaki , Noda Akira T. , Nasuno Tomoe , Miyakawa Tomoki , Masunaga Ryusuke
Published: March 2023

Toward the achievement of reliable global kilometer-scale (k-scale)
climate simulations, we improve the Nonhydrostatic ICosaherdral
Atmospheric Model (NICAM) by focusing on moist physical processes. A
goal of the model improvement is to establish a configuration that can
simulate realistic fields seamlessly from the daily-scale variability to
the climatological statistics. Referring to the two representative
configurations of the present NICAM, of which each has been used for
climate-scale and sub-seasonal-scale experiments, we try to find the
appropriate partitioning of fast/local and slow/global-scale
circulations. In a series of sensitivity experiments at 14-km horizontal
mesh, (1) the tuning of terminal velocities of rain, snow, and cloud
ice, (2) the implementation of turbulent diffusion by the Leonard term,
and (3) enhanced vertical resolution are tested. These tests yield
reasonable convection triggering and convection-induced tropospheric
moistening, and result in better performance than in previous NICAM
climate simulations. In the mean state, double Intertropical Convergence
Zone bias disappears, and the zonal contrast of equatorial
precipitation, top-of-atmosphere radiation balance, vertical temperature
profile, and position/strength of subtropical jet are dramatically
better reproduced. Variability such as equatorial waves and the
Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is spontaneously realized with
appropriate spectral power balance, and the Asian summer monsoon,
boreal-summer MJO, and tropical cyclone (TC) activities are more
realistically simulated especially around the western Pacific.
Meanwhile, biases still exist in the representation of low-cloud
fraction, TC intensity, and precipitation diurnal cycle, suggesting that
both finer spatial resolutions and the further model development are
warranted.
Trust repair in a cultural context: undertaking a synthesis of trust life cycle through critical literature review
Authors: Jangda Muhammad Ali , Arif Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Trust is an important source to develop business understandings and relationships. It also greatly affects the social efficiency of business activities and transactions. The trust deficit is so prevalent in society; thus, it makes practical sense to explore its connotations, roots, linkages and effects. The subject of trust is very broad, however, in order to capture possible research gaps and explore the scope for future research, this study is limited to the level of examining mutual relationships among individuals at workplaces, and undertakes a critical literature review of the trust life cycle and trust repair process, examining empirical evidence with regards to trust, distrust, trust deficit and repair, seen through a cultural lens. Some limited research has identified core underlying variables (related to cognition, affect, and behavior, called “expectation assets”) which are supplemented by social and organizational factors, which also influence trust related expectations, and also influence the restoration and enhancement of trust. Research studies also highlight the relationship of trust with culture, with dominating perspective being ‘etic’, which relates to the understanding that trust is a global phenomenon affecting across various cultural domains and its effects can be observed as well as measured across cultures. Whereas, from an alternative ‘emic’ (culture-specific) perspective, though trust is a global phenomenon that cuts across all functional domains of a society, however, numerous differences exist that need to be taken into account while deciding trust levels as well as their intensity within a social setting
Analyze 2-D heat transfer of ultrafast laser heated thin films under size effects
Authors: Mao Yudong , Zhao Guochen , Yu Mingzhi , Wang Xianzheng , Li Jin , Yang Kaimin , Liu Shouyu
Published: March 2023

An improved dual-phase-lagging model which reflects size effects caused by nanostructures is utilized to investigate the 2-D thermal conduction of nanosilicon films irradiated by ultrafast laser. The integral transformation method is used to solve the conduction governing equation based on the improved dual-phase-lagging model. The variation of the internal temperature along the thickness direction and the radial direction of the thin film is analyzed. We find that the temperature increases rapidly in the heated region of the film, and as time goes by, the energy travels from the heated end to another end in a form of wave. Although both the improved dual-phase-lagging model and the dual-phase-lagging model can obtain similar thermal wave temperature fields, the temperature distribution in the film obtained by the improved dual-phase-lagging model is relatively flat, especially for high Knudsen number. Under the same Knudsen number, the temperature obtained by the 2-D improved dual-phase-lagging model is higher than that obtained by the 1-D model, and the temperature difference becomes larger and larger as time elapses.
A novel coupling discretization method for modeling multi-phase heat exchangers
Authors: Chu Zhenhao , Che Daocang , Xia Zhaowang
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a novel coupling discretization method for modelling multi-phase heat exchangers. In the method, the moving boundary method is adopted as the solver to solve each of the finite volume control volume divided by the method of finite volume method. When all finite volume control volume are solved, the finite volume control volume boundary values are updated based on the relationships of finite volume control volume. The solving procedure is initiated when the starting values of hot source fluid and cold source fluid outlet of the heat exchanger are given by the user and terminated when these values no longer change anymore. The experimental results of a plate heat exchanger with R245fa and Therminol 66 as cold source fluid and hot source fluid are adopted to validate the proposed model. Simulation results of 11 operating conditions show that the maximum deviation is within ?4% compared to the measured values. The model presented in this paper is appropriate for heat exchangers under operating conditions either with or without fluid phase change, such as the evaporator and condenser in the ORC system.
Prediction of reduction products in the preheating process
Authors: Yao Guojia , Liu Zuodong , Tang Hong , Meng Lizhi
Published: March 2023

Under the current requirements of environmental protection, carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, the capacity of the new energy interconnection network is increasing day by day. The thermal power unit requires the ability of rapid load adjustment to meet the requirements of real-time power balance. However, when the unit is in a variable load condition, the denitrification system is inefficient or even inoperable. The NOx emission is large, which makes it difficult to meet environmental protection requirements. In this study, a new method for predicting reductive products in the preheating process is proposed, introducing the gasification mechanism into the pulverized coal preheating process. The effects of air coefficient on combustion temperature, velocity, O2, CO2, CO, CH4, and H2, volatile matter and NOx emission are investigated by numerical simulation. It is demonstrated that the gasification mechanism is applicable to predict the reduction products and NOx during preheating. Internal combustion burners can stabilize the precipitation of volatile matter, CH4, CO, and H2. The burner outlet temperature and flow rate decrease with decreasing air coefficient. The local maximum concentration of volatile matter and CH4 are 8.3 vol.% and 2.54 vol.%, respectively. The CO concentration increases with decreasing air coefficient under the effect of CO2 gasification reaction. When the air coefficient is 0.33, the NOx concentration at the burner outlet is 2.8 mg/Nm3 (at 6% O2).
Thermodynamic analysis and optimization design of cooling plate with multiple channels for linear synchronous motor
Authors: Du Fan , Yang Bo , Zhang Tangjia
Published: March 2023

A liquid cooling plate structure with multiple channels is proposed for linear synchronous motor in this paper. Firstly, a conjugate heat dissipation model is established, and coupling analysis with fluid and temperature fields is performed by finite volume method with different channel numbers and section shapes. The simulation results show that, the cooling capacity of proposed cooling plate is observably improved, especially for 6 channels cooling plate with elliptical section. Afterwards, adopting boundary optimization by quadratic approximation algorithm, the section dimensions of 6 channels plate with elliptical section are further optimized to realize a trade-off with heat transfer coefficient and pump power. The optimized scheme can improve heat transfer coefficient by 33.03% and reduce the pressure drop by 85.37% compared with original scheme.
Diabetes Stigma and Clinical Outcomes in Adolescents and Young Adults: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Authors: Eitela Kelsey B. , Robertsa Alissa J. , Jr.b Ralph D’Agostino, , Barrettc Catherine E. , Bellb Ronny A. , Bellatorred Anna , Cristelloe Angelica , Dabelead Dana , Dolanf Lawrence M. , Jensenb Elizabeth T. , Lieseg Angela D. , Mayer-Davise Elizabeth J. , Reynoldsh Kristi , Marcovinai Santica M. , Pihokera Catherine
Published: March 2023

  

Objective: To examine the association between diabetes stigma and HbA1c, treatment plan, and acute and chronic complications in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. 

Research Design and Methods: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study is a multicenter cohort study that collected questionnaire, laboratory, and physical exam data in AYAs with diabetes diagnosed in childhood. A 5-question survey assessed frequency of perceived diabetes-related stigma, generating a total diabetes stigma score. We used multivariable linear modeling, stratified by diabetes type, to examine the association of diabetes stigma with clinical factors, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, clinic site, diabetes duration, health insurance, treatment plan, and HbA1c.

Results: Of 1,608 respondents, 78% had type 1 diabetes, 56% were female, and 48% were non-Hispanic white. Mean (SD) age at study visit was 21.7 (5.1) years (range 10 – 24.9). Mean HbA1c was 9.2% (2.3%) or 77 mmol/mol (2.0 mmol/mol). Higher diabetes stigma scores were associated with female sex and higher HbA1c (p <0.01) for all participants. No significant association between diabetes stigma score and technology use was observed. In participants with type 2 diabetes, higher diabetes stigma scores were associated with insulin use (p = 0.04). Independent of HbA1c, higher diabetes stigma scores were associated with some acute complications for AYAs with type 1 diabetes and some chronic complications for AYAs with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. 

Conclusion: Diabetes stigma in AYAs is associated with worse diabetes outcomes and is important to address in providing comprehensive diabetes care.
An epidemiological study of hand eczema. V. Prevalence among hairdresser trainees, compared with a general population of hairdressers
Authors: Holm Jan-Øyvind , Veierød Marit Bragelien
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to show degree and pattern of hand eczema in affected hairdresser trainees (n = 52), compared with a general population of affected hairdressers (n = 69). The mean ages were 18 years (range: 16-25) for the trainees and 27 years (range: 17-63) for the hairdressers. For the latter group, the mean number of months spent in profession was 96 (range: 2-552) and the number of working hours per week was 36 (range: 4-50). Twenty-seven per cent of all trainees (67/246) were reported to have had initial of eczematous lesions on the hands and/or forearms during their apprenticeship. The extent of skin affection, as assessed by scores for localization and distribution of eczema, was significantly lower in trainees, compared with the general population of hairdressers. Patch test revealed sensitization to nickel to be prominent in both groups; 34% among affected hairdressers and 26% among affected and non-affected trainees. Of the hairdressers, 3% had allergy to hair dye (2.5-toluenediamine), while 8% were sensitized to glyceryl monothioglycolate. None of the trainees were sensitized to those two chemicals.
Photochemotherapy for alopecia areata
Authors: Claudy AL. , Gagnaire D.
Published: March 2023

Ten patients with alopecia areata (plaque type and totalis type) were treated with oral photochemotherapy. Successful results were obtained in 7 cases. No side effects were noted. Hair growth was related to the energy delivered and was not dependent on the duration of the disease. No relapses occurred after discontinuation of the treatment. The hypothesis concerning the mechanisms of hair regrowth are discussed.
Disturbances in the metabolism of calcium and vitamin D in a case of sarcoidosis
Authors: Falk ES. , Vik T.
Published: March 2023

A case of Shulman syndrome or diffuse fasciitis with eosinophilia is reported. Both superficial scleroderma (morphoea) and systemic sclerosis accompanied the subcutaneous changes.
A comparative study of seborrheic keratoses and basal cell epitheliomas by complement immunofluorescence and electron microscopy
Authors: Kimura S. , Yamasaki Y. , Nishikawa T. , Kurihara S. , Hatano H.
Published: March 2023

Eight cases of seborrheic keratosis (SK) and 7 cases of basal cell epithelioma (BCE) were studied comparatively by complement immunofluorescence using pemphigoid serum which was reactive not only to the basement membrane zone (BMZ) but also to the cell membrane or the intercellular space (CMICS) of basal cells in normal human epidermis. Positive immunofluorescence both at the BMZ and the CMICS of proliferating basaloid cells was observed in all cases of SK, whereas in BCE, immunofluorescence weaker than that in SK was observed only a the BMZ of tumor cell nests. These tumors were also examined by light and electron microscopy, and differences already described in the literature between SK and BCE were confirmed. These findings suggest that antigenic properties of the BMZ of the skin are affected by proliferating epithelial cells and that epithelial cells are involved in the formation of the BMZ.
Morphology of epidermal melanocytes in different stages of mitosis
Authors: Rosdahl IK. , Lindström S.
Published: March 2023

The structural changes which take place in epidermal melanocytes during mitosis have been investigated in serial sections of ear skin of C57Bl mice. Melanocytes were DOPA-positive and contained melanosomes in all stages of the mitotic cycle. They retracted their dendrites in prophase so that metaphase cells assumed an almost spherical shape. Signs of new dendrite growth were seen in late telophase and fully developed dendrites first after the division was completed. It is concluded that new epidermal melanocytes are formed in the mouse by division of already differentiated melanocytes.
The rigidity of human fingernails: a biophysical investigation on influencing physical parameters
Authors: Forslind B. , Nordström G. , Toijer D. , Eriksson K.
Published: March 2023

(A) The property of withstanding bending and buckling in a composite material such as the nail is best described by such terms as rigidity or stiffness. (B) The physical property of rigidity can be understood from the macromolecular orientation of the keratin filaments and the cellular architecture of the dorsal and ventral nail plates. (C) The rigidity is influenced by factors such as the water content of the nail material. Specimens investigated must therefore be well equilibrated prior to the measurements. (D) Detergents, organic solvents, oils etc. are factors which are likely to influence nail rigidity.
Calcosis in generalized scleroderma
Authors: Nielsen AO. , Brun B. , Secher L.
Published: March 2023

20 cases of generalized scleroderma with calcinosis, i.e. Thibierge-Weissenbach syndrome, were reviewed concerning the clinical and radiological findings. 60% of the patients complained of esophageal dysfunction, and in 85% radiological abnormalities of the esophagus were found. Gastro-intestinal complaints, with or without radiological changes, were found in accordance with other reports. Decreased pulmonary function was a frequent feature, but only half of these cases showed pulmonary fibrosis on chest X-ray. Calcinosis primarily affects areas of sclerosis, but can be found elsewhere. Six of our patients had intervertebral calcifications in the thoracic and/or lumbar spine. This seems to be a new observation in patients with scleroderma.
Phototoxicity of topical trioxsalen
Authors: Väätäinen N.
Published: March 2023

The phototoxic properties of topical trioxsalen preparations were studied in 73 test subjects. A W/O emulsion base was superior to petrolatum, O/W emulsion, double emulsion and carbowax. The optimal interval between application of the drug and UVA irradiation varied between 40 and 60 min for both cream and ointment bases. An occlusive dressing greatly enhanced the phototoxic effect of the drug. The skin lost photosensitivity in 4 hours when the preparations were removed from the skin 45 min after the application. For clinical use a proper concentration of trioxsalen in emulsion bases was 0.01-0.1%. Both W/O and O/W emulsion bases with 0.01% trioxsalen locally applied gave moderate or good clinical results in 16 psoriatics and in 4 patients with lichen planus, W/O emulsion being better in this respect.
Autosensitization to DNA
Authors: Brauner F. , Brenner W. , Gschnait F.
Published: March 2023

The spontaneous occurrence of widespread ecchymoses in a patient not exhibiting coagulopathy leads to a spectrum of differential diagnoses including amyloidosis, anaphylactoid purpura, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, autoerythrocyte sensitization and autosensitization to DNA (11). This paper reports on a patient exhibiting the characteristic clinical findings and skin reactivity indicative of DNA autosensitization. The syndrome will be discussed briefly with particular reference to the differential diagnosis to autoerythrocyte sensitization.
Perioral dermatitis with epithelioid cell granulomas in a woman: a possible new etiology
Authors: El-Saad El-Rifaie M.
Published: March 2023

Perioral dermatitis, a distinctive clinical entity yet of obscure etiology, is not uncommonly seen among Saudi middle-aged females. A case of a 30-year-old woman with a perioral lupoid micropapular erythematous eruption is described. Histopathological examination showed evidence of granulomatous sarcoidal reaction similar to that described by Gianotti et al. (3), Gianotti (2), and Georgouras & Kocsard (1). Synthetic acrylic fibre meshes widely used by Arabian women to cover their faces, are considered in the etiology of this eruption.
Disseminated superficial "actinic" porokeratosis
Authors: Chernosky ME.
Published: March 2023

No abstract available
In vivo transepidermal water loss and epidermal occlusive hydration in newborn infants: anatomical region variation
Authors: Orsmark K. , Wilson D. , Maibach H.
Published: March 2023

Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured from the abdomen, buttock, and central forearm in 13 term infants by employing an electrolytic water analyzer (Meeco). The hydration level (HL) at these sites following one hour of occlusion and the resulting post-occlusion TEWL were measured. No apparent difference in TEWL was found between regional sites. The forearm and buttock HL appeared similar, while the abdomen values tended to differ considerably from both. Post-occlusion TEWL appeared significantly higher than normal TEWL. Since the buttock and forearm TEWL reflected similarly structured stratum corneum, future studies on the more accessible forarm may be extended by application to the buttock.
Normal function of the thyroid gland in PUVA-treated psoriatics
Authors: Weismann K. , Verdich J. , Howitz J. , Hummer L.
Published: March 2023

Ten psoriatics who were started on therapy with psoralen plus long-wave ultraviolet radiation (PUVA) were investigated for a possible influence of the treatment on the thyroid gland function. No statistically significant changes were found in the levels of serum thyroxine, triiodothyronine or thyrotropin obtained after 2 and 4 weeks' therapy and 3 months after cessation of therapy.
Acquired dermatitis due to zinc deficiency in a premature infant
Authors: Bonifazi E. , Rigillo N. , De Simone B. , Meneghini CL.
Published: March 2023

A case of dermatitis with lesions reminiscent of enteropathic acrodermatitis of the premature of low gestational age is presented. The condition responded dramatically to oral zinc sulphate therapy.
Effect of UV-B erythema of psoralen, trimethylpsoralen, and 8 methoxypsoralen
Authors: Coupez L. , Agache PG. , Petigny M.
Published: March 2023

The MED for UV-B was measured 2 h and 24 h after oral intake of Psoralen (P) 0.49 mg/kg in 10 healthy volunteers. MED was increased when UV exposure had taken place 2 h after intake. The same increase was observed after 0.24 mg/kg and 0.98 mg/kg, with a non-significant dose dependence. This effect was not detectable when UV exposure had taken place 24 h after oral intake of the drug. In a second experiment the effects of oral intake of both trimethylpsoralen (TMP) and 8 Methoxypsoralen (8 MOP) mg/kg, were assessed in 29 subjects. While TMP increased MED when taken 2 h before UV exposure (p less than 0.001), 8 MOP had the opposite effect (p less than 0.01). TMP effect was observed mainly in fair-haired people (p less than 0.05) and 8 MOP effect mainly in females (p less than 0.05).
Treatment of pityriasis rubra pilaris with an oral aromatic retinoid (RO 10--9359)
Authors: Lauharanta J. , Lassus A.
Published: March 2023

A patient with widespread PRP was first treated with an oral aromatic retinoid (RO 10--9359) and PUVA in successive periods. Retinoid treatment resulted in marked improvement but during PUVA treatment the disease became re-activated. The patient was finally treated with aromatic retinoid alone, which brought the disease to remission in 6 weeks.
Allergenicity of trimethylol propane triacrylate in ultraviolet curing inks in the guinea pig
Authors: Björkner B.
Published: March 2023

Trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) is a multifunctional acrylate commonly used in ultraviolet (UV) curing inks. Six men developed dermatitis when working with such UV curing inks in printing plants and all had positive patch test to TMPTA. The sensitizing capacity of TMPTA as determined by the "Guinea pig maximization test" (GMP) showed it to be a strong allergen. Cross-reaction with penta-erythritol triacrylate (PETA) occurs, but not with trimethylol propane
5-S-cysteinyldopa, dopa, and dopamine in the kidney and some other tissues
Authors: Agrup G. , Hansson C. , Rorsman H. , Rosengren E.
Published: March 2023

5-S-Cysteinyldopa, dopa, and dopamine levels were determined by HPLC and electrochemical detection in serum, urine, kidney, spleen, heart, and sympathetic ganglion of guinea-pig. The kidney showed high levels of 5-S-cysteinyldopa, but also of dopa and dopamine, thus demonstrating the role of the renal ti-sue in the excretion of these substances. The concentrations found in spleen and heart may indicate specific catechol-containing structures in these organs.
Lysine prophylaxis in recurrent herpes simplex labialis: a double-blind, controlled crossover study
Authors: Milman N. , Scheibel J. , Jessen O.
Published: March 2023

L-lysine has an inhibitory effect on the multiplication of herpes simplex virus in cell cultures. We have evaluated the prophylactic effect of L-lysine monohydrochloride 1000 mg daily on recurrent herpes simplex labialis in 65 patients in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. After 12 weeks of lysine treatment the patients shifted to placebo treatment for a similar period. On the whole, lysine prophylaxis had no effect on the recurrence rate of herpes simplex. However, significantly more patients were recurrence-free during lysine than during placebo treatment (p = 0.05), suggesting that certain patients may benefit from prophylactic lysine administration. In the herpes lesions described, lysine had no effect on the rate of healing or on the appearance of the lesions at their worst.
Acute diffuse scleroderma
Authors: Nunzi E , Rebora A , Cormane RH
Published: March 2023

A case of acute diffuse scleroderma without contemporaneous visceral involvement is described. Antibodies to endothelial cells have been found in the skin.
5-S-Cysteinyldopa and dopa in serum during treatment with 8-methoxypsoralen and UVA light
Authors: Hansson C , Rorsman H , Rosengren E , Tegner E
Published: March 2023

5-S-Cysteinyldopa and dopa concentrations in serum were studied by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in patients with psoriasis treated by 8-methoxypsoralen and UVA light. A marked increase in 5-S-Cysteinyldopa was found after 3 days´ treatment, although no increase in pigmentation could yet be observed. The highest concentrations of 5-S-Cysteinyldopa in serum were noted after 1 or 2 weeks´ treatment. In one patient who showed no increase in serum 5-S-Cysteinyldopa treatment was unsuccessful. During PUVA treatment of 3 patients with psoriasis confined to the palms and/or soles a delayed increase in serum 5-S-Cysteinyldopa was noted after 5 weeks. This delayed response after treatment of a small area of the body is remarkable, and may indicate the formation of a systemic melanocyte stimulation factor. There was no increase in the serum dopa concentrations during PUVA treatment, and dopa analysis was of no value in assessing the activity of the melanocytes. Some unexpectedly high dopa values recorded before and during PUVA treatment may be explained by the fact that dopa originates in the nervous system or the adrenals.
An unusual form of pemphigus vegetans
Authors: Matsubara M , Tamaki T , Sato M , Yasuno H , Ueda K
Published: March 2023

Numerous vegetating plaques developed in a 63-year-old man followed up for the management of pemphigus vulgaris of 5 years´ duration. These lesions occurred over the trunk and right upper arm with no involvement in the intertriginous area, and were controlled with systemic steroid and ODT. Direct immunofluorescence test showed heavy deposition of fibrinogen in the papillary dermis. To our knowledge, the occurrence of pemphigus vegetans in the non-intertriginous area is rare.
Delayed contact allergies in patients with photosensitivity dermatitis
Authors: Hannuksela M , Suhonen R , Förström L
Published: March 2023

Delayed contact allergies and the clinical course of the skin disease were investigated in 14 patients with photosensitivity dermatitis/actinic reticuloid and 145 patients with polymorphous light eruption type eczema. Hypersensitivity to chromium and rubber chemicals was encountered in photosensitivity dermatitis more often than in polymorphous light eruption eczema and in the comparison series of 1714 patients with other types of dermatitis. In the eczema group, delayed contact allergies to chromium, rubber chemicals, neomycin, clioquinol, balsam of Peru, fragrance and colophonium were more frequent than in the comparison group, suggesting that at least delayed contact allergy to chromium and rubber chemicals may be of significance in the development of photosensitivity in many patients who suffer eczematous reaction to sunlight.
The effects of photochemotherapy on endocrine secretion in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Rogers SC , Shuster S , Marks JM , Penny RJ , Thody AJ
Published: March 2023

Abstract not available
Inefficacy of topical methoxalen plus UVA for palmoplantar pustulosis
Authors: Jansén CT , Malmiharju T
Published: March 2023

The effect of local application of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and subsequent UVA irradiation on palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) was studied in 10 patients. In 8 patients 8-MOP baths were used, and in 5 patients an 8-MOP ointment was applied, 3 patients receiving both forms of treatment. The number of treatment sessions varied from 15 to 128, with maximal UVA doses of 1.2 to 12 J/cm2, and total cumulative doses of 8 to 348 J/cm2. Two patients experienced a brisk phototoxic erythema and one patient developed a bullous reaction. Only 3 patients responded favourably to the treatment, 2 with moderate and 1 with good clearing of the lesions. In the remaining 7 patients either no effect (5 patients) or an exacerbation of the disease (2 patients) was seen.
Serum IgE antibodies to scabies mite
Authors: Rantanen T , Björkstén F , Reunala T , Salo OP
Published: March 2023

Abstract not available
Electron microscopical evidence for a direct contact between nerve fibres and mast cells
Authors: Wiesner-Menzel L , Schulz B , Vakilzadeh F , Czarnetzki BM
Published: March 2023

A subungual solitary glomus tumour was examined by both light and electron microscopy. By light microscopy, typical tumour tissue was seen, surrounded by connective tissue. By electron microscopy, a very close morphological relationship was noted between non-myelinated nerve fibres and mast cells. These mast cells could be divided into two groups: the mast cells of the first group contain numerous mature granules and show few lamellopodia. The distance to the nerve fibre bundles ranged between 2000 and 20 nm. In the second group, the mast cells always showed direct contact with nerve fibers. They had many lamellopodia and contained almost exclusively immature granules. In some cases, invaginations of lamellopodia and broader cytoplasmatic processes into the view that mast cells may play an important part in the function of neurons.
Immunofluorescence patterns in sun-exposed and not-sun-exposed skin of healthy individuals
Authors: Nieboer C
Published: March 2023

Immunofluorescence studies were performed on the sun-exposed (S) and not-sun-exposed (N) skin of 25 healthy volunteers regarding the incidence of the five Ig classes, albumin, fibrinogen, C1q, C4, C3B, C3c, C3d, C5, C3PA and properdin. In addition a comparative study of two so-called anti-complement antisera was made, one (CI) containing anti-(C4+C3a+C3d), the other (CII) anti-(C3B+C3c). In all biopsies the epidermal basement membrane (BM) was stained positively with anti-C3d in a fibrillar, interrupted linear, or granular pattern. A band-like picture of the BM was observed with anti-IgG , anti-albumin and anti-fibrinogen in three biopsies of the S skin. In two other S skin biopsies a lichenoid pattern was found with anti-fibrinogen, anti-C3d and IgM. The latter antiserum caused a weakly positive band-like picture of the BM, occasionally together with granular deposits, more often in the S skin (11) than in the N skin (4). In the capillary walls, granular deposits of IgM, C3d and occasionally C3c were seen in both the S skin (7) and the N skin (13). In the subjacent vessels, globular deposits positive with anti-C3d, C5 and C3c were found predominantly in the S skin. In the M. arrector pili, granular deposits of C3d and, less obviously, C5, properdin and IgM were frequently observed. A band-like, linear, or granular picture of the BM of the adnexal structures was caused by anti-C3d. IgG was found around the sweat gland in about 30%, but the other serum proteins were only rarely present. The IF patterns of the two so-called anti-complement sera showed marked differences, which were apparently caused by the presence of anti-C3d in the CI serum. The significance of these findings for the diagnostic and pathogenetic interpretation of IF results in pathology are outlined briefly.
Autoradiographic localization of 8-methoxypsoralen in psoriasis skin in vitro
Authors: Bertaux B , Dubertret L , Moreno G
Published: March 2023

Slices of psoriatic (Pso) skin were incubated with tritiated 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and exposed to UVA irradiation. The photobinding of 8-MOP was studied by autoradiography at the cellular level and in the different layers of the epidermis and in the dermis. Silver grains were found in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of the various cell types. Keratin, collagen and lipoproteins were also labelled. The upper malpighian cells and the parakeratotic cells showed a greater degree of labelling than did the basal layers. In skin incubated with [3H]8-MOP and unirradiated, no measurable labelling was detected. These results suggest that the targets responsible for the therapeutic activity of 8-MOP might be not only nucleic acids, but also proteins.
Blood polyamine levels in psoriasis patients undergoing PUVA treatment
Authors: Rosengren E , Tegner E
Published: March 2023

Abstract not available
Bullous urticaria pigmentosa (cutaneous mastocytosis) and sodium cromoglycate therapy
Authors: Evans S , Vickers CF
Published: March 2023

Abstract not available
Biochemistry of acne
Authors: Strauss JS
Published: March 2023

No abstract available
Benzoyl peroxide
Authors: Cotterill JA
Published: March 2023

The mode of action of benzoyl peroxide in acne is three-fold, i.e. sebostatic, comedolytic and inhibitory to P. acnes in-vivo. Benzoyl peroxide is the topical treatment of choice in acne vulgaris. This agent is well tolerated by most patients. Primary irritant dermatitis can be avoided by less frequent application and the true incidence of contact sensitivity is low. The gel preparation has achieved a high degree of cosmetic acceptability. A synergistic effect with retinoic acid can be demonstrated. Tolerance to benzoyl peroxide develops in most subjects necessitating more vigorous therapy, usually after two or three weeks of treatment. Many acne sufferers with mild or moderate disease can avoid long-term oral antibiotic treatment by the judicious use of benzoyl peroxide topically.
Use of in vitro epidermal cell cultures to study growth mechanisms in hyperplastic skin disorders
Authors: Marcelo Cynthia L. , Voorhees John J.
Published: March 2023

Both atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are proliferative skin disordcrs that are self-limited, show hereditary tendencies and are postulated to result from changes in the cyclic AMP-beta adrenergic system of the epidermis. Cyclic nucleotides, polyamines, arachidonic acid and its metabolites, and several drugs are associated with changes in the hyperproliferative epidermis. These biologically active compounds have been shown to affect the in vitro function of both neonatal and adult human primary culture systems. These in vitro model systems can be used to study the growth mechanisms of hyperplastic skin disorders.
Small vessel reactivity in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Thune P. , Rajka G.
Published: March 2023

The vascular reaction following local applicacion of thurfyl nicotinate and i.d. injection or 10?2 mg metacholine were studied. Temporal variations in response and multiple patterns were found. Erythematous skin (increased amount of blood in the subpapillary venous plexus) always corresponded to arteriolar dilation, but in blanched skin an aneriolar fluctuation between dilatation and constriction could easily be followed. A stronger tendency to vaso?constriction was recorded in involved vis-a-vis uninvolved skin.
Histamine receptor-bearing mononuclear cells in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Ponvert C. , Lebel B. , Venencie P.Y. , Saurat J.H. , Paupe J.
Published: March 2023

The number of mononuclear cells bearing membrane receptors for histamine was investigated in peripheral blood from children with atopic dermatitis (AD) by means of the Rosette Histamine Assay, using erythrocytes coated with histamine. Histamine Rosettes (H R) varied from 5.70 to 11.85% in healthy adults; from 3.25 to 7.75% in control children and from 2 to 6.55% in children with AD. Histidine and tryptamine inhibited HR formation slightly, whereas free histamine, histamine HI and H2 receptor antagonists and the histamine H2 receptor agonist (dimaprit) reduced HR formation much more strongly; no significant difference in inhibition of HR formation by these test agents was found between the three groups of subjects, although the reduction in HR formation by histamine was not constant in children with AD.
On the significance of the trichophytln reactivity in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Rajka G.
Published: March 2023

No abstract available
Tumour Suppressor Neuron Navigator 3 and Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 are Co-expressed in Most Melanomas but Downregulated in Thick Tumours
Authors: Bugaeva Olga , Maliniemi Pilvi , Prestvik Wenche S. , Leivo Eeva , Kluger Nicolas , Salava Alexander , Virtanen Sanna , Jäntti Kirsi , Saksela Olli , Lehti Kaisa , Kujala Paula , Krohn Kaj , Ranki Annamari
Published: March 2023

Melanoma is a highly metastatic tumour originating from neural crest-derived melanocytes. The aim of this study was to analyse the expression of neuron navigator 3 (NAV3) in relation to membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase MMP14, a major regulator of invasion, in 40 primary melanomas, 15 benign naevi and 2 melanoma cell lines. NAV3 copy number changes were found in 18/27 (67%) primary melanomas, so that deletions dominated (16/27 of samples, 59%). NAV3 protein was found to be localized at the leading edge of migrating melanoma cells in vitro. Silencing of NAV3 reduced both melanoma cell migration in 2-dimensional conditions, as well as sprouting in 3-dimensional collagen I. NAV3 protein expression correlated with MMP14 in 26/37 (70%) primary melanomas. NAV3 and MMP14 were co-expressed in all tumours with Breslow thickness < 1 mm, in 11/23 of mid-thickness tumours (1–5 mm), but in only 1/6 samples of thick (> 5 mm) melanomas. Altogether, NAV3 number changes are frequent in melanomas, and NAV3 and MMP14, while expressed in all thin melanomas, are often downregulated in thicker tumours, suggesting that the lack of both NAV3 and MMP14 favours melanoma progression.
PELANGGARAN PRINSIP IUS IN BELLO DAN IUS AD BELLO ATAS INVASI RUSIA TERHADAP UKRAINA
Authors: Muhammad Adam Firdaus
Published: March 2023

In international relations, states need to exercise self-control or restraint and submit to international law. However, the Russian invasion of Ukraine stemmed from various problems between the two, causing various losses on a large scale. The invasion was not based on reasons legitimized by the United Nations and in Russia's invasion of Ukraine there were also allegations of attacks on civilian objects, namely the Ukrainian people themselves, which clearly included violations of international humanitarian law, so the invasion could not be justified.