bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and factors associated to the use of illicit drugs and psychotropic medications among brazilian undergraduates
Authors: Maidana Merlyn dos Santos , Fernandes Caroline Lopes Feijo , Dumith Samuel de Carvalho , Silva Júnior Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of use of psychoactive substances (PS) and its associated factors in undergraduate students of a university in southern Brazil. The study was carried out with 830 undergraduate students in the year 2016. The individuals answered a self-administered questionnaire about the PS and its prevalence of daily use, in the last 30 days or at any time of their lives, as well as socioeconomic conditions and academic variables. Caffeine-based energy drinks was the most consumed psychoactive substance (96.3%) among undergraduates in the last 30 days, followed by alcohol (64.0%). Among the illicit drugs most consumed in the last 30 days was marijuana (17.3%), while anxiolytics and amphetamines were the most prevalent psychoactive medicaments in the last 30 days. The prevalence of lifetime illicit drugs used by these students was 41.5%, where we highlight besides marijuana (38.6%) the high consumption of cocaine (7.8%), ecstasy (9.3%) and solvents. Socioeconomic and demographic factors such as gender, have children, religion, and financial background as well as academic variables were associated to recent consumption of these substances. This study concluded there is a high prevalence of use of PS among the undergraduate students, including illicit drugs.
Epidemiological profile of salivary gland lesions diagnosed in a higher education institution: an observational and retrospective study of 381 cases
Authors: Sesenta Junior Claudio Freire , Camarini Camila , Balan Isadora , Iwaki Lilian Cristina Vessoni , Silva Mariliani  Chicarelli da , Tolentino Elen de Souza
Published: May 2020

The aim of this retrospective and observational study was to report the prevalence and characteristics of salivary gland lesions (SGL) in patients treated at the State University of Maringa, between 1995 and 2018. Data from medical records of patients with neoplastic and non-neoplastic SGL concerning to age, sex, ethnicity, anatomical location, microscopic diagnosis and treatment were collected. All SGL with diagnosis confirmed by microscopic examination were considered. Of the 3,127 biopsied lesions, 381 (12.1%) SGL were identified. Caucasian (71%) women (51%) aging from 11 to 20 years (33%) were more affected. 88.5% (n= 337) were non-neoplastic lesions, 7% (n= 27) benign neoplasms and 4.5% (n= 17) malignant neoplasms. Mucocele was the most prevalent lesion (n= 269%), followed by pleomorphic adenoma (n= 25%). Recognition and appropriate management of these lesions is essential, especially because malignant neoplastic lesions of the salivary glands can be very aggressive.
O Experience of mothers in the care of children and adolescents with special health needs
Authors: Lino Iven Giovanna Trindade , Ferreira Patrícia  Chatalov , Batista Vanessa Carla , Marcon Sonia  Silva , Demitto Marcela de Oliveira , Maquete Verônica Franquisqueti , Santos Rubia Mariana de Souza , Teston Elen Ferraz
Published: May 2020

To describe the family's experience in home care for children and adolescents with special health needs. Qualitative research supported by the theoretical framework of Patient- and Family-Centered Care, carried out in an Association that serves Children and Adolescents who need special health care in a municipality in the southern region of Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight mothers of children and adolescents with special health care needs, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and subjected to content analysis in the thematic modality. Two categories were identified: Family reorganization to care for children with special health care needs at home; and Invisibility of the woman/mother. Caring for CSHCN at home imposes on families the need to reorganize themselves, so that the mother can dedicate herself, almost entirely, to this function, including neglecting health care. Despite this dedication, mothers do not recognize activities developed as difficult; however they make self-care invisible in relation to child care.
The Thermal Properties of Polyurethane/Neoprene Blends on Prosthetic Foot
Authors: Mohamad Noor Mohd Zulkifli , Mohd Azmi Mohamad Anas , Mad Desa Mohd Shaiful Zaidi , Mat Piah Mohd Bijarimi , Ramli Azizan
Published: May 2020

Neoprene reinforced polymer has become an attraction in current research and development of new material blend. In this invention, neoprene was chosen to be enhance to polyurethane because of their superior properties that possess extraordinary mechanical, electrical, optical and thermal properties on prosthetic foot. In this research, polyurethane was chosen due to good rigidity, easy processing and low cost. The reinforcement polyurethane with neoprene is expected to improve the properties of polyurethane. The objective of this research was conducted to investigate the effect of neoprene contents on thermal properties of polyurethane reinforced neoprene on prosthetic foot. The effect of neoprene on thermal properties neoprene reinforced polyurethane was analysed in term of its thermal stability by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, the visual of small topographic details on the surface of polyurethane/neoprene blends will be examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on result, the thermal properties show the great enhancement at high neoprene contents which is 1.0wt%. The thermal stability of polyurethane reinforced neoprene improves when the temperature where decomposition starts to occurs are higher than decomposition temperature of pure polyurethane. Then, thermal conductivity of polyurethane shows the great improvement after the addition of neoprene. Lastly, the smooth surface and visible of sheets pattern on surface represent the present of neoprene disperse into polymer that enhance brittleness. Thus, the presence of neoprene has clearly enhanced the thermal stability of the polyurethane. Table 1 shows formulation of neoprene and polyurethane.
Control and Mechanism Analysis of Serrated Chip Formation in High Speed Machining of Aluminum Alloy 7050-T7451
Authors: Shi Qi Hang , Hao Zong Cheng , Wang Shuai , Fu Xiu Li , Wang Hui
Published: May 2020

Aluminum alloy 7050-T7451 is widely used in aeronautical large structural parts, and high speed cutting is often used in machining. The serrated chip is a critical state for chip formation in high speed cutting, and its formation and control mechanism are of great significance for actual machining. To study the chip formation of high speed cutting aluminum alloy 7050-T7451, the chips at different cutting speeds are obtained by high speed cutting experiments. Combined with microscopic observation, the chip shape evolution, chip localization fracture process and mechanism of different cutting speeds are analyzed. The morphological evolution of chips and the mechanism of chip breaking during high speed cutting of aluminum alloy are revealed. According to the machined surface of the chip root and the angle of the chip, the formation mechanism of the curl radius formed by the chip is analyzed. The critical cutting speed of plastic-brittle transformation of aluminum alloy 7050-T7451 in high speed cutting is obtained by studying the critical condition for strip-to-serration transition of chip morphology.
Synthesis of Zeolite X from Bentonite via Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Srilai Suphada , Tanwongwal Worapak , Onpecth Kobchai , Wongkitikun Thanapat , Panpiemrasda Kollayut , Panomsuwan Gasidit , Eiad-Ua Apiluck
Published: May 2020

Zeolite X were successfully synthesized from bentonite from Lopburi province, in Thailand using the two-step of hydrothermal method under optimum condition without calcination. The first step of hydrothermal were obtained at 200 °C for 3 h to remove unreacted impurity minerals such as quartz and muscovite. The secondary step of hydrothermal were obtained at 90 °C for 120 h for synthesis of zeolite X. The characterization of zeolite X were examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), respectively. The crystal structure of product was determined as zeolite X by XRD. The morphology of SEM images for zeolite X is octahedral shape. FTIR spectra are in accordance with the other characterization results.
Static Softening Behavior of Low Carbon High Niobium Microalloyed Steel
Authors: Xia Dian Xiu , Du Heng Ke , Zhang Xin En , Li Xiu Cheng , Pei Ying Chao
Published: May 2020

The MMS-200 thermal simulation testing machine was used to study the static softening behavior of low carbon high niobium microalloyed steel. The effect of niobium to the static recrystallization softening behavior of the microalloy steel had been analyzed by establishing the kinetics model of static recrystallization and the micro-morphology of precipitates. The results indicated that: the static softening behavior of the tested steel significantly influenced by the deformation temperature and the interval pass time of the rolling processing. At relatively high deformation temperature and long interval pass time, the ratio of static softening was increased. Then the deformation temperature was lower to 950°C, and the static softening behavior of the test steel was ceased. But when the deformation temperature was higher than 1000°C, the static softening behavior of the test steel completely occurred. The activation energy of the test steel was 325·mol-1 by the established model calculated.
Experimental Study on Friction Characteristics of Micro-Arc Oxidation Modified Layer on Titanium Alloy Surface
Authors: Lao Xing Sheng , Zhao Xu Feng , Liu Yong , Dai Chun Hui , Lv Wei Jian
Published: May 2020

In order to study the effect of microarc oxidation modification treatment on the friction properties of titanium alloy surface, the surface treatment layer of Ti-6Al-4V ELI specimen modified by Microarc oxidation surface was sampled, the surface layer hardness, roughness and treatment layer thickness were tested, the microscopic morphology was analyzed, The friction tests of TC4 substrate and micro-arc oxidation treatment surface disc with 25% glass fiber, 15% fiberglass +5% graphite and 60% tin bronze reinforced PTFE pin were carried out, and the results showed that the thickness increased slightly and the surface layer hardness increased by about 75% after the micro-arc oxidation surface modification treatment. Compared with the substrate, the surface roughness is obviously improved, and the friction coefficient of the surface treatment specimen is similar to that of the TC4 titanium alloy substrate, but the wear amount is higher than that of the TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
Innate Molecular and Cellular Signature in the Skin Preceding Long-Lasting T Cell Responses after Electroporated DNA Vaccination
Authors: Adam Lucille , Tchitchek Nicolas , Todorova Biliana , Rosenbaum Pierre , Joly Candie , Poux Candice , Chapon Catherine , Spetz Anna-Lena , Ustav Mart , Le Grand Roger , Martinon Frédéric
Published: May 2020

DNA vaccines delivered with electroporation (EP) have shown promising results in preclinical models and are evaluated in clinical trials. In this study, we aim to characterize early mechanisms occurring in the skin after intradermal injection and EP of the auxoGTUmultiSIV DNA vaccine in nonhuman primates. First, we show that EP acts as an adjuvant by enhancing local inflammation, notably via granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and CD1aint-expressing cell recruitment. EP also induced Langerhans cell maturation, illustrated by CD86, CD83, and HLA-DR upregulation and their migration out of the epidermis. Second, we demonstrate the crucial role of the DNA vaccine in soluble factors release, such as MCP-1 or IL-15. Transcriptomic analysis showed that EP played a major role in gene expression changes postvaccination. However, the DNA vaccine is required to strongly upregulate several genes involved in inflammatory responses (e.g., Saa4), cell migration (e.g., Ccl3, Ccl5, or Cxcl10), APC activation (e.g., Cd86), and IFN-inducible genes (e.g., Ifit3, Ifit5, Irf7, Isg15, orMx1), illustrating an antiviral response signature. Also, AIM-2, a cytosolic DNA sensor, appeared to be strongly upregulated only in the presence of the DNA vaccine and trends to positively correlate with several IFN-inducible genes, suggesting the potential role of AIM-2 in vaccine sensing and the subsequent innate response activation leading to strong adaptive T cell responses. Overall, these results demonstrate that a combined stimulation of the immune response, in which EP and the auxoGTUmultiSIV vaccine triggered different components of the innate immunity, led to strong and persistent cellular recall responses.
Role of lung ultrasound in identifying COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with negative swab during the outbreak
Authors: Aiosa Giuseppe , Gianfreda Romina , Pastorino Marco , Davio Piero
Published: May 2020

Lung ultrasound is a reasonable tool for detection of manifestations of COVID-19, to facilitate the division of patients flow of infected with SARS-CoV-2 from those affected by other pathologies. Often, a reason for the incorrect separation of the flows is the possibility of false-negative rRT-PCR results. We aimed to evaluate the advantages of performing Lung Ultrasound (LUS) in patients with a negative swab, to confirm the suspicious of COVID-19 at the bedside, according to the recent findings of typical lung ultrasound lesions of COVID19 related pneumonia. We analyzed 11 non-critical patients admitted to Emergency Department in the Internal Medicine ward, during outbreak, as Covid-19 negative patients affected by pneumonia. The result of the ultrasound findings conditioned the consequent allocation of the patient. 9/11 patients had typical LUS findings for COVID-19, but only 3/11 patients had a second positive nasopharyngeal swab, and 2/11 had positive swab on pleural fluid. 6/11 patients remained negative with strongly suspicious LUS lesions, and so treated and isolated as Covid-19 positive. 2/11 had negative swab and none LUS findings, thus treated as affected by other pathologies. These findings clearly show how LUS plays an important role together with the chest x-ray in identifying patients with interstitial pneumonia from COVID-19.
Measurement of Noise Emitted by Accelerating Road Vehicles
Authors:   Light Vehicle Exterior Sound Level Standards Committee
Published: May 2020

This SAE Standard is equivalent to ISO 362-1:2015 and specifies an engineering method for measuring the noise emitted by road vehicles of categories M and N under typical urban traffic conditions. It excludes vehicles of category L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5.

The specifications are intended to reproduce the level of noise generated by the principal noise sources during normal driving in urban traffic. The method is designed to meet the requirements of simplicity as far as they are consistent with reproducibility of results under the operating conditions of the vehicle.

The test method requires an acoustical environment that is obtained only in an extensive open space. Such conditions are usually provided for during:

Measurements of vehicles for regulatory certification and/or type approval.

Measurements at the manufacturing stage.

Measurements at official testing stations.
Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Cooperative Driving Automation for On-Road Motor Vehicles
Authors:   Cooperative Driving Automation(CDA) Committee
Published: May 2020

This document describes machine-to-machine (M2M) communication to enable cooperation between two or more participating entities or communication devices possessed or controlled by those entities. The cooperation supports or enables performance of the dynamic driving task (DDT) for a subject vehicle with driving automation feature(s) engaged. Other participants may include other vehicles with driving automation feature(s) engaged, shared road users (e.g., drivers of manually operated vehicles or pedestrians or cyclists carrying personal devices), or road operators (e.g., those who maintain or operate traffic signals or workzones).

Cooperative driving automation (CDA) aims to improve the safety and flow of traffic and/or facilitate road operations by supporting the movement of multiple vehicles in proximity to one another. This is accomplished, for example, by sharing information that can be used to influence (directly or indirectly) DDT performance by one or more nearby road users. Vehicles and infrastructure elements engaged in cooperative automation may share information, such as state (e.g., vehicle position, signal phase), intent (e.g., planned vehicle trajectory, signal timing), or seek agreement on a plan (e.g., coordinated merge). Cooperation among multiple participants and perspectives in traffic can improve safety, mobility, situational awareness, and operations. However, nothing in this document is intended to suggest that driving automation requires such cooperation in order to be performed safely.

Cooperative strategies may be enabled by the sharing of information in a way that meets the needs of a given application. The needs may be expressed in terms of performance characteristics, such as latency, transmission mode (e.g., one-way, two-way), range, privacy and security, and information content and quality. There are several potential technologies for communicating information between the subject vehicle and other participants.

This document focuses on application-oriented functionality and does not imply the need for or require any specific functionality associated with communications protocols or the open systems interconnection model layers in a protocol stack. This document addresses the operational and tactical timescales of dynamic driving on ADS-operated vehicles, and excludes strategic functions such as trip scheduling and selection of destinations and waypoints. This information report is intended to facilitate communication and awareness for the design and anticipated development and validation of cooperative driving automation.
ANATOMICAL STUDY ON PRESENCE OF MULTIPLE ACCESSORY WHARTON’S DUCT AND ITS CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Authors: Anita Anita , Kaur Chhabra Prabhjot , Singh Khanduja Baljeet , Sharma Bali , Kumar Mittal Sachindra
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Submandibular salivary glands are paired salivary glands that lie below the mandible on each side. The gland is drained by a single submandibular duct or Wharton’s duct. It opens in the summit of the sublingual papilla .The duct lies between the lingual nerve and hypoglossal nerve on hyoglossus muscle. The aim of this study is to describe the multiple accessory submandibular duct or Wharton’s duct.
Material & Methods: A total of 28 submandibular regions were used during routine dissection classes of 1styear MBBS students in year 2016-2018, to demonstrate the anatomical variations and presence of multiple accessory Wharton’s duct. This study was conducted inJaipur National University Institute for Medical Sciences and
Research Centre, Jaipur,Rajasthan, India.
Results: In our study, total incidence of variation was 14.2%. Wharton’s duct or submandibular duct was double in 7.1%, three submandibular ducts were present in 3.5% and four submandibular ducts were present in 3.5% specimens.
Conclusion: Appreciation of these variations is very important in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. Awareness of variations of the accessory ducts can help surgeons during oral surgical procedures.
VARIATIONS OF RENAL ARTERY: A CADAVERIC STUDY
Authors: Singh Yogendra , Shah GL , Ji Ram
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Renal arteries are the lateral branches of abdominal aorta, which vary in number, origin and course. The aim of this study was to document the incidence of renal artery variations in number and position, which can be advantageous to urosurgeons and imaging experts.
Material & Methods: The study was conducted on 36 formalin fixed embalmed cadavers. The renal artery variations were observed and noted during routine posterior abdominal wall dissection for medical undergraduates in dissection hall in the Department of Anatomy, BRD Medical College Gorakhpur and IMS, BHU Varanasi.
Results: We observed accessory renal artery (ies) in 30.56% of cases with unilateral incidence in 27.78% and bilateral in 2.67% cases. Accessory hilar renal artery (ies) were observed in 16.68% and accessory polar renal artery (ies) in 13.89% cases. Accessory arteries were more common on left (16.68%) than on the right side (11.12%). Inferior polar arteries were more common than superior polar arteries.
Conclusion: Knowledge of the variations of renal artery is of immense importance to the urosurgeons during renal transplantation, partial nephrectomy, laparoscopic surgery and angiographic interpretation by radiologists.
Unusual Variations in Path of Accessory Submandibular Salivary Gland

Duct in Comparison with Main Submandibular Salivary Gland Duct
Authors: Anita Anita , Sain Saryu , Gupta Amrita
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The submandibular gland is located bilaterally in the submandibular triangle. The main submandibular duct or Wharton’s duct, runs with lingual nerve to open in the sublingual papilla at the side of frenulum of the tongue. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the unusual variations of accessory submandibular duct in comparison with main submandibular salivary gland duct.
Material & Methods: Nineteen cadavers were dissected to study the submandibular salivary duct. Results: 15.7% incidence of variations were observed. We found that one submandibular region was having unusual path of accessory duct, it emerged from superficial part of the gland and crossed the superficial surface of mylohyoid muscle and bifurcated into two branches. These bifurcated branches of duct pierced the mylohyoid muscle to pass between mylohyoid and hyoglossus muscle. One branch of bifurcated accessory duct opened through papilla in the floor of the mouth behind the lower incisor tooth and second branch of the bifurcated duct anastomosed with the main duct (Wharton’s duct) to open in sublingual papilla. Wharton’s duct of this side followed its normal path to open in the sublingual papilla. Two specimens of submandibular region was observed with duplication of submandibular duct in each submandibular gland. One was main duct and second was
accessory duct. Both ducts emerged separately from the deep part of submandibular gland and ended independently into sublingual papilla.
Conclusion: Reporting of these variations are important for diagnostic imaging, anatomical teaching and to help surgeons while operating in this region.
NORMAL VARIANCE IN ULTRASOUND MEASURED RENAL
DIMENSIONS WITH AGE, SEX AND BODY HABITUS IN A
SPECIFIC POPULATION WITHOUT KNOWN RENAL DISEASE
Authors: Purohit Kalpana , Purohit Ankita , Satpathy Geeta , Srivastava R K
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Evaluation and follow-up of patients with renal diseases is commonly done by renal ultrasonography. Renal size is influenced by some factors such as age, height, weight, body mass index and ethnicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the normal range of dimensions of kidney, like length, width, thickness & volume and its correlation with age, sex, height, weight and body mass index in population of eastern Odisha by Ultrasonography.
Material & Methods: Ultrasound was performed on 223 subjects. Initially the image was taken in supine and later in both lateral decubitus position. The measurements of kidney were taken from the freezed images in longitudinal axis and the transverse section obtained at the level of the renal hilum.
Results: In 63.68% cases the kidney length and in 81.17% cases, the kidney volume was larger on left side. A decline trend in all the measurements of parameters beyond 50 years was observed in the present study. However, the mean volume on both sides had a slight increasing trend in 61-70 years age group.
A STUDY OF CORRELATION BETWEEN STATURE AND ARM
SPAN OF NORTH INDIAN POPULATION
Authors: Gautam Roberton , Kulshreshtha Vasundhara , Singh Pradeep , Gupta Anshu
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Age, sex and stature are primary characteristics for identification of an individual. Stature has a definite and proportional biological relationship with each and every part of human body i.e. head, neck, trunk and extremities.
Material & Methods: The present study comprised of 300 medical students belonging to North India of age group between 18 yrs. to 25 yrs. of S.N. Medical College, Agra. The two anthropometric parameters, arm span and stature were used to calculate mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9171 and p value was calculated to be <0.00001 thus, showing a significant positive correlation between the stature and arm span for the North Indian population.
Conclusion: The correlation between arm span and the stature in adult males and females, was found to be an accurate predictor of stature. Thus it becomes an important anthropologic tool for the scientists in limb reconstruction surgeries. In mass disasters like train accidents, earthquakes, etc. and where the subject is in
highly decomposed, fragmentary and mutilated form, it can be helpful in determining the identity of an individual.
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF FORAMEN MAGNUM IN NORTH
INDIAN POPULATION
Authors: Srivastava Poonam , Das Medha , Jahan Shirin
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Foramen magnum is a large opening located in the occipital bone of the skull. The morphometric analysis of foramen magnum is clinically and surgically important because vital structures passing through it may suffer compression such as in cases of achondroplasia, brain herniation and meningiomas.
Objectives: To study morphometric analysis of foramen magnum in dry human skulls and to measure its anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter and foramen magnum index.
Material & Methods: 100 dried human skulls of unknown age and sex were obtained from Department of Anatomy, Rama Medical College and GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Deformed samples were excluded. Different parameters were measured with the help of Vernier caliper.
Results: The mean antero-posterior diameter of foramen magnum was 33.79mm. The maximum antero-posterior diameter of foramen magnum was 40mm and minimum antero-posterior diameter was 28.2mm.The mean transverse diameter of foramen magnum was 28.30mm.The maximum transverse diameter of foramen magnum
was 36mm and minimum transverse diameter was 21.5mm.The mean index of foramen magnum was 84.14mm.
Conclusion: The morphometric analysis of foramen magnum and its variation is important not only for anatomists but also important to the anesthetists, neurosurgeons, orthopedicians and radiologists ; while planning and performing cranio-vertebral junction procedures.
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF VARIATIONS IN FORAMEN
TRANSVERSARIUM OF ATLAS VERTEBRA
Authors: Kausar Hina , Tripathi Alok , Kumar Ajay , Khare Satyam , Jain Shilpi , Kaushik Ram Kumar , Arora Saurabh
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Foramen transversarium are the characteristic bony feature of the cervical vertebrae. They are located on the transverse process of cervical vertebrae through which second part of vertebral artery passes along with vertebral venous and sympathetic plexus. Their variations are common with regard to size, shape,
incomplete, duplicated and may even absent.
Material & Methods: Two hundred foramen transversarium of one hundred atlas vertebrae were examined for morphological variations.
Results: Out of hundred atlas vertebrae examined, foramen transversarium was present in all. Absence of costal element was noticed in four atlas vertebrae. Four atlas vertebrae showed incomplete bilateral foramen transversarium while four showed unilateral duplicated foramen transversarium.
Conclusion: The increasing incidence of neck injuries and related syndromes necessitates the study of bony variations of the atlas vertebra and its foramen transversarium. The second part of vertebral artery is prone to be damaged during neck surgeries and posterior cervical injuries due to incomplete formation of the foramen
transversarium, hence the knowledge of such variations is important for surgeons, otorhinolaryngologists, neurologists, orthopedicians, radiologists and physicians.
CT SCAN BASED EVALUATION OF SPLENIC INDEX IN PATIENTS
FROM LUCKNOW AND ADJOINING AREAS
Authors: Kapoor Prince , Tewari Vineeta , Sharma PK , Nagwani Mumal , Munsif Tahsin , Srivastava Geetanjali , Jaiswal Sonia , Srivastava Archana
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The Indian subcontinent is an endemic zone for diseases like malaria and filaria which alter the size of spleen to a variable extent. In order to identify and examine the spleen accurately, the modes of investigation that are at our disposal are Ultrasonography, Computerised Tomography, Magnetic Resonance
Imaging and Radionuclide Scan. Linear dimensions are of limited use as a guide to normal splenic size on CT because the spleen is irregular in shape and is obliquely oriented within the left upper quadrant. A more accurate approach to the assessment of splenic size is the splenic index. Sufficient and reliable data for its normal values
are lacking. The objective of the present study was to generate normative data of splenic index which could be used as a research and clinical tool.
Material & Methods: It was an open randomized study carried out on 80 adults between 20 to 70 years of age. Spleen was identified in each transverse, coronal and sagittal section image of helical CT scan.
Results: The average splenic index, calculated as a product of the three measured linear dimensions of spleen i.e. length, breadth and thickness, in males was 369.89 cm³ and in females 298.61 cm³. The mean splenic index was calculated as 342.62 cm³.
Conclusion: The results can be used for evaluating patients with suspected splenomegaly, in certain clinical situations where objective measurement of splenic dimensions and comparison with normal values is required, and in drafting of government policies and programs related to malaria and filaria control where these normal values of splenic index help by identifying populations more susceptible to such infections.
COGNITIVE AND NON-COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTICS PREDICTING ACADEMIC SUCCESS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Yadav Swati , us Saba Noor , Zaidi Mohd. Tariq , Faruqi Nafis Ahmad , Faheem Mohd.
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Medical undergraduates need to possess the ability to acquire knowledge on a wide range of subjects over short period of time. Medical schools worldwide use different methodologies to select ideal candidates, which include cognitive factors and non-cognitive factors. A proper selection will minimize failures during the beginning semesters and will ensure student’s capacity to withstand the standard of training.
Therefore, we have decided to study the impact of cognitive and non-cognitive factors in predicting the academic success among medical students.
Material & Methods: The study was a survey of 150 first year medical students of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC), Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, admitted in 2018. A data was collected from the Department of Anatomy for initial three part completion tests performance and class attendance, which was
tabulated along with the information received from the questionnaire i.e. age, gender, percent secured and language in school, National eligibility cum entrance test (NEET) attempt and marks, residence, category for premedical (PMT) selection (general/ non-resident Indians (NRIs)/ handicap), parents occupation, siblings, family
(nuclear/joint/rural/urban), hobbies, time management during PC (part completion) tests, coaching before PMT) given to each student separately.
Observation & Results: Students were observed to lie in three groups according to their performance in PC tests: group I (>60%), group II (50-59.9%), group III (<50%). All the cognitive and non-cognitive factors were compared.
Conclusion: Both cognitive and non-cognitive factors play an important role in the outcome of a medical student. Factors positively influencing the performance of a selected candidate in medical schools cannot be simply based
on previous academic performance.
Analisis Penerapan Perhitungan Bagi Hasil Berdasarkan Equivalent Rate Terhadap Tabungan Mudharabah Pada PT. Bank Mega Syariah Kantor Cabang Pembantu Pekanbaru
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati
Published: May 2020

PT. Bank Mega Syariah Cabang Pekanbaru merupakan salah satu lembaga keuangaan syariah yang ada di kota Pekanbaru, yang berfungsi membantu masyarakat dalam meningkatkan perekonomian, dalam hal penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan metode equivalent rate yang digunakan dalam menghitung bagi hasil pada akad mudharabah,  pada PT. Bank Mega Syariah Cabang Pekanbaru dalam menghitung bagi hasil menggunakan akad mudharabah ialah metode equivalent rate yaitu dengan cara mengkonversi bagi hasil untuk seluruh nasabah pada masing-masing produk DPK kedalam bentuk persentase yang dihitung dari total saldo rata-rata tiap jenis produk dan menghitung besar pendapatan yang akan di bagi hasilkan untuk masing-masing jenis produk. Maka kemungkinan yang akan terjadi ialah tingkat bagi hasil yang diterima oleh oleh pemilik dana akan mengalami perubahan setiap bulannya tergantung besar pendapatan yang diperoleh oleh bank atas hasil penyaluran. Kondisi ini akan mempengaruhi para pemilik dana untuk melakukan investasi kepada bank syariah yang nyatanya justru memberikan hasil yang benar-benar dari pendapatan yang diperoleh oleh bank secara optimal sehingga layak dan mampu memberikan keuntungan yang maksimal bagi pemilik dana. Dari penelitian yang penulis lakukan tersebut maka dapat diketahui bahwa metode equivalent rate tabungan mudharabah pada PT. Bank Mega Syariah Cabang Pekanbaru, telah sesuai dengan Fatwa MUI tentang tabungan mudharabah, dimana contoh kasus yang penulis ilustrasikan dengan metode equivalent rate baik bank maupun nasabah sama-sama mendapatkan keuntungan sesuai perolehan pendapatan dengan nisbah yang telah disepakati pada perjanjian awal.
Akuntansi Dalam Pandangan Islam
Authors: Batubara Zakaria
Published: May 2020

Tulisan ini membincangkan akuntansi (Al-Muhasabah) dalam pandangan Islam yang terdiri dari pendahuluan, akuntansi dalam sejarah Islam, akuntansi dalam Islam, permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam penerapan akuntansi Islam dan kesimpulan. Fenomena kegagalan akuntansi konvensional dalam memenuhi tuntunan masyarakat akan informasi keuangan yang benar, jujur dan adil, meningkatkan kesadaran dikalangan intelektual muslim akan perlunya pengetahuan akuntansi yang Islami yang berdasarkan pada prinsip kebenaran, keadilan, dan transparansi sangat mendesak untuk dilakukan. Ternyata Islam melalui Alquran telah menggariskan bahwa konsep akuntansi yang harus diikuti oleh para pelaku transaksi dan pembuat laporan keuangan adalah menekankan pada konsep pertanggungjawaban atau accountability, sebagaimana ditegaskan dalam surat al-Baqarah ayat 282. Standar akuntansi tersebut menjadi kunci sukses bank Islam dalam melayani masyarakat disekitarnya, sehingga, seperti lazimnya, harus dapat menyajikan informasi yang cukup, dapat dipercaya dan relavan bagi para penggunanya, namun tetap dalam konteks syariah Islam.
Menumbuhkembangkan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syari’ah (Baitul Maal wa Tamwil) di Pulau Bengkalis
Authors: Nurmahadi Nurmahadi , Setyorini Christina Tri
Published: May 2020

The emergence of sharia accounting and the prohibition of transactions that contain elements of usury is an order from Allah contained in the Qur'an and Hadith. These commands and prohibitions certainly contain benefits for mankind on earth, especially in muamalah activities. This study discusses the role of Baitul Maal wa Tamwil and how to grow and develop Baitul Maal wa Tamwil on Bengkalis Island through qualitative studies. The majority Muslim community and upholds Islamic spiritual values become the main capital to develop Baitul Maal wa Tamwil on Bengkalis Island. This condition, of course, is driven by the existence of Islamic economic colleges which produce qualified human resources in the field of accounting and Islamic economics. So that the benefits of Islamiyah can preserve human life on earth, namely preserving religion, preserving souls, preserving reason, preserving offspring and protecting property.
Pengaruh Belanja Modal Dengan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Sebagai Variabel Intervening Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Daerah Di Kabupaten Bengkalis
Authors: Wibowo Anshor , Monalisa Monalisa
Published: May 2020

This research aims to determine the effect of Capital Expenditure on Economic Growth with Regional Original Income as an Intervening Variable in Bengkalis Regency. The population in this study is the report of realization of the revenue and expenditure budget of Bengkalis Regency in 2013 to 2017, Sampling is done using the purposive sampling method and the number of samples is 12 items from regional original income in 2013 to 2017, 12 items of capital expenditure in 2013 to 2017 and economic growth 2013 to 2017. This research data is in the form of secondary data in the form of 2013 to 2017 Budget Realization Report in the Regional Government Financial Statements that have been examined by the Indonesian Financial Audit Board in 2013 to 2017. The results of this study are that capital expenditure has an effect on growing the economy, whereas capital expenditure indirectly influences regional economic growth through regional original income as an intervening variable.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Dalam Matakuliah Akuntansi Pemerintah
Authors: Mubarak Husni , Krisnanda Karina
Published: May 2020

One of the functions of face-to-face lectures in class is as a transfer of knowledge from lecturer to students. The student learning environment is an external factor that influences student learning outcomes. Government Accounting Course I is a continuation of the Public Sector Accounting course. The purpose of this course is to provide knowledge to students of the Diploma 4 Public Financial Accounting Study Program that focuses on the process of financial recording and reporting to the government. This study was conducted to determine whether there are differences in learning outcomes in Government Accounting courses I between classes A and B. The test instrument used is the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. The population in this study was 52 students in the fifth semester of Diploma 4 Public Financial Accounting Study Program. The results of this study showed that the learning outcomes or students' abilities in Government Accounting courses I between classes A and class B did not differ. Differences in the learning environment in each class do not affect student learning outcomes.
Pengaruh Budaya Dan Persepsi Masyarakat Non Muslim Terhadap Keputusan Menjadi Nasabah Bank Syariah Mandiri Kantor Cabang Pembantu Bengkalis
Authors: Wibowo Anshor , Hariyati Nia
Published: May 2020

This research aims to determine whether the culture and perceptions of non-Muslim communities influence the decision to become a customer at Bank Syariah Mandiri Bengkalis Sub-Branch Office partially and simultaneously. Data analysis techniques used in this study used the test of validity, reliability, hypothesis test, multiple linear regression analysis and determinant coefficient analysis. The results obtained in this study that partially cultural variables and community perceptions significantly influence the decision making to become a customer of Bank Syariah Mandiri Bengkalis Sub-Branch Office. Simultaneously there is a significant influence between culture and perceptions of non-Muslim communities on the decision to become a customer at Bank Syariah Mandiri Bengkalis Sub-Branch Office with an influence of 60.1%.
Effects of Heavy Metals on Plant Growth and Metal Accumulation in Moringa Plant.
Authors: Yaseen Waheed , Sajjad Bakhtawar , Azam Iqra , Ajaz Humayun
Published: May 2020

Moringa oleifera sprung in soil contaminated with Lead and Magnesium. Stress
of heavy metals of different strength was applied in each replicate. Physical
parameters are necrosis, chlorosis, and height of plant included in this research.
The sample Leaves, roots and stems are collected from each replicate after a
week, washed, dried weighed, crushed, digested with Aqua Regia and at the end
filtered. The extract was diluted to a specific extent with distilled water and
quantitatively measured with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The data
collected was statistically analyzed. Measured the Toxicity level and optimum
conditions for plant growth and yield was calculated from the data collected. .
Arquitetura de publicação de dados abertos conectados governamentais da Universidade de Brasília
Authors: Victorino Marcio de Carvalho , Martins Luiz , Holanda Maristela , Fonseca Rodrigo
Published: May 2020

O governo brasileiro tem investido em meios para ampliar a transparência de suas ações incentivando a sociedade a participar ativamente da gestão pública, a fim de incrementar sua eficiência. Esta iniciativa foi consolidada pela Lei de Acesso à Informação que garante o acesso de qualquer cidadão a qualquer informação de interesse público, desde que não seja imprescindível à segurança da sociedade e do Estado, proporcionado a disponibilização de um volume massivo de dados oriundos de diversos órgãos da administração pública federal. Esses dados são gerados independentemente, dificultando a realização de integrações, comparações ou combinações de conjuntos de dados de origens diferentes. Então, torna-se necessário a criação de uma arquitetura que auxilie a publicação dos dados descritos semanticamente para promover a integração entre as diversas bases, e dessa forma, facilitar a análise conjunta desses dados. Assim, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma arquitetura baseada em sistemas de organização da informação e do conhecimento, para dar suporte à publicação de dados abertos conectados. A arquitetura proposta foi desenvolvida utilizando metadados e ontologias para conexão e representação semântica dos dados. A metodologia utilizada é de caráter qualitativo, sendo a pesquisa exploratória, visto que partiu dos estudos dos dados abertos conectados governamentais, de metadados, de ontologias e de Resource Description Framework, para estabelecer um elo entre tais conceitos. Em seguida, formulou-se uma arquitetura de publicação que foi validada por meio de um estudo de caso utilizando dados abertos oriundos dos sistemas de informação da Universidade de Brasília.
Médiathèques como centros informacionais de desenvolvimento das ações culturais municipais: o caso da cidade de Lille/França
Authors: Rasteli Alessandro
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: Descrever o retrospecto histórico, o conceito, as características e os serviços das médiathèques municipais de Lille, França. Almejando-se, desse modo, em colaborar na divulgação das bibliotecas francesas em território brasileiro através de seu paradigma, perspectiva histórica, práticas e serviços.Método: Trata-se de um estudo de caso descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, utilizando-se também a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A busca e seleção dos materiais bibliográficos que compuseram o referencial teórico da pesquisa efetivou-se através de documentos franceses em sites, bases de dados e materiais impressos.Resultado: Em meados de 1970, as bibliotecas públicas na França passaram a ser denominadas de médiathèques. Concebidas como um novo espaço cultural, as médiathèques (bibliotecas de mídia, biblioteca multimídia ou midiateca), estão pautadas no paradigma moderno de biblioteca, vinculando-se, desse modo, a novas práticas profissionais, a novos documentos (audiovisuais), a novas formas de fluxos de comunicação e informação, revertendo-se em novas formas de acesso e representação da biblioteca para a sociedade.Conclusões: A transformação das bibliotecas francesas em médiathéques denotam, entre diversos fatores, a evolução dos gostos e práticas de leitura, as novas formas de acesso e apropriação de fluxos informacionais emergentes, posicionando-se e representando para a sociedade uma instituição moderna, necessária, acolhedora e democrática.
Evaluation of single-footprint AIRS CH4 Profile Retrieval Uncertainties Using Aircraft Profile Measurements
Authors: Kulawik Susan S. , Worden John R. , Payne Vivienne H. , Fu Dejian , Wofsy Steve C. , McKain Kathryn , Sweeney Colm , Daube Jr. Bruce C. , Lipton Alan , Polonsky Igor , He Yuguang , Cady-Pereira Karen E. , Dlugokencky Edward J. , Jacob Daniel J. , Yin Yi
Published: May 2020

Abstract. We evaluate the uncertainties of methane optimal estimation retrievals from single footprint thermal infrared observations from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). These retrievals are primarily sensitive to atmospheric methane in the mid-troposphere through the lower stratosphere (~2 to ~17 km). We compare to in situ observations made from aircraft during the Hiaper Pole to Pole Observations (HIPPO), the NASA Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) campaigns, and from the NOAA ESRL aircraft network, between the surface and 5–13 km, across a range of years, latitudes between 60 S to 80 N, and over land and ocean. After a global, pressure dependent bias correction, we find that the land and ocean have similar biases and that the reported observation error (combined measurement and interference errors) of ~27  ppb is consistent with the standard deviation between aircraft and individual AIRS observations. A single measurement has measurement (noise related) uncertainty of ~17 ppb, a ~20 ppb uncertainty from radiative interferences (e.g. from water, temperature, etc.), and ~ 30 ppb due to smoothing error, which is partially removed when making comparisons to in situ measurements or models in a way that account for this regularization. We estimate a 16 ppb validation error because the aircraft typically did not measure methane at altitudes where the AIRS measurements have some sensitivity, e.g. the stratosphere. Daily averaged AIRS measurements of at least 9 observations over spatio-temporal domains of
Using a calibrated upper living position of marine biota to calculate coseismic uplift: a case study of the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake, New Zealand
Authors: Reid Catherine , Begg John , Mouslopoulou Vasiliki , Oncken Onno , Nicol Andrew , Kufner Sofia-Katerina
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The 2016 Mw=7.8 Kaikōura earthquake (South Island, New Zealand) caused widespread complex ground deformation, including significant coastal uplift of rocky shorelines. This coastal deformation is used here to develop a new methodology, in which the upper living limits of intertidal marine biota have been calibrated against tide-gauge records to quantitatively constrain pre-deformation biota living position relative to sea level. This living position is then applied to measure coseismic uplift at three other locations along the Kaikōura coast. We then assess how coseismic uplift derived using this calibrated biological method compares to that measured using other methods, such as light detection and ranging (lidar) and strong-motion data, as well as non-calibrated biological methods at the same localities. The results show that where biological data are collected by a real-time kinematic (RTK) global navigation satellite system (GNSS) in sheltered locations, this new tide-gauge calibration method estimates tectonic uplift with an accuracy of ±≤0.07 m in the vicinity of the tide gauge and an overall mean accuracy of ±0.10 m or 10 % compared to differential lidar methods for all locations. Sites exposed to high wave wash, or data collected by tape measure, are more likely to show higher uplift results. Tectonic uplift estimates derived using predictive tidal charts produce overall higher uplift estimates in comparison to tide-gauge-calibrated and instrumental methods, with mean uplift results 0.21 m or 20 % higher than lidar results. This low-tech methodology can, however, produce uplift results that are broadly consistent with instrumental methodologies and may be applied with confidence in remote locations where lidar or local tide-gauge measurements are not available.