bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Different Process Variables on Structural and Quality Attributes for the Development of Vacuum Fried Gulab Jamun
Authors: Das Rahul , Niranjan Thota , Prakash Prem , Reddy Sudharshan , Datta A.K.
Published: August 2022

Background: Gulab jamun is a delicious dairy food items popular not only the Indian subcontinent but also in all over the world. Now a days, people are health conscious towards the healthy diet having low in fat content. However, Vacuum frying (VF) is one of the best technologies which produce high quality food items having low fat content and better appearance with respect to atmospheric frying (AF). Methods: For the preparation of gulab jamun, the dough balls were fried under the VF (oil temperature: 125, 135, 145°C, vacuum pressure: 15, 20, 25 cm Hg and time: 8, 10, 12 min) and AF (temperature: 160°C, time: 4 min) conditions. The prepared gulab jamun was compared with different parameters such as moisture content, oil content, color, volume expansion, texture and structure. Result: The optimized gulab jamun was obtained using response surface methodology at temperature 137.82°C, pressure 25 cm Hg and time 9.38 min. The product had less in oil content, intense in color, smooth and soft texture (texture analyzer) and porous in structure (X-ray micro-CT scan) as compared to atmospheric fried gulab jamun.
​The Downregulation of Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-6 after Oral Administration of Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 in Mice Model for Endometriosis
Authors: Putra A.K. , Sa’adi A. , . Widjiati , Surono I.S. , Ansori A.N.M. , Nidom R.V.
Published: August 2022

Background: As a multi-functional cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6) is advanced in endometriosis. Probiotics are known to be able to modulate/regulate immune responses through downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 (LIS-10506) is a novel probiotics strain derived from curd (a milk product which look like a yogurt) from traditionally made from buffalo milk or usually called by dadih from West Sumatra, Indonesia. This investigation intended to comprehend the impact of LIS-10506 administration on IL-6 expression in the endometrial tissue, serum IL-6 levels and endometriosis implant areas in mice model for endometriosis. Methods: This study conducted at the Animal Laboratory, Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, Indonesia from January to June 2021. This experimental study was conducted on 32 adult female mice 12 weeks old divided into 4 groups in a completely randomized design with a posttest only control group design. LIS-10506 microencapsulation of curd was administered orally at a dose of 109 CFU/mice/day for 7 and 21 days. Serum IL-6 levels were assessed using IL-6 ELISA Kit for mice, IL-6 expression was assessed semi quantitatively according to the Remmele method and implant areas were measured by the area of hyperemia in mice’s peritoneal wall. Result: This investigation revealed that the peritoneal IL-6 expression and implant area experienced a decrease. In summary, the administration of LIS-10506 could downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. This present study has demonstrated the effect of LIS-10506 on one of the pathophysiological pathways in endometriosis.
Ampullar and Ductus Deferens Aspiration Increases the Total Number of Viable Spermatozoa Recovered from Stallion Extragonadal Sperm Reserves
Authors: Rus Mirela , Groza Ioan , Pall Emoke , Peștean Cosmin , Daradics Sofia , Adriana Györke , Crecan Cristian , Morar Iancu
Published: August 2022

Background: Equine spermatozoa acquire maturation and fertilization capacity during their passage from the testis towards the cauda epididymis and are concurrently stored in the cauda epididymis and ampullae of the ductus deferens. In case of sudden death or emergency castration, epididymal spermatozoa can be harvested and successfully preserved. Ampullar aspiration was not previously described, even though the ampullae of the ductus deferens and the ductus deferens are valuable sources of mature spermatozoa in equines. The aim of this study was to describe a technique to collect spermatozoa from the ampullae of the ductus deferens and the ductus deferens of stallions during routine castration and to compare kinematic parameters of these spermatozoa to spermatozoa harvested from the cauda epididymis of the same stallion. Methods: Fourteen ampullae of the ductus deferens were successfully aspirated during the routine castration of 10 stallions, followed by epididymal sperm harvest. Concentration and motility parameters were assessed, computer-assisted and were compared to epididymal spermatozoa. Result: Ampullar and ductus deferens spermatozoa increased the total number of spermatozoa recovered by approximately 6%. Progressive motility (PM), velocity of the average path (VAP), velocity of the curved line (VCL) and linearity (LIN) did not differ significantly (P≤0.05) between the ampullar spermatozoa (AS) and the epididymal spermatozoa (ES). Total motility (TM) was significantly lower (P= 0.04) in the AS group.
Assessing Knowledge and Acceptability of a Trauma-Informed Training Model to Strengthen Response to Conflict and Gender-Based Violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Olson Rose McKeon , Nelson Brett D. , Mike Anastario , Ulibarri Billy J. , Naimer Karen , Johnson Katy , McHale Thomas , Mishori Ranit , Macias-Konstantopoulos Wendy L.
Published: August 2022

Conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence is common in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, but there are few evaluations of multisectoral training interventions in conflict settings. We conducted high-quality, trauma-informed medicolegal trainings amongst multisectoral professionals and sought to describe changes in knowledge after training and perceived training acceptability. Participants were health, law enforcement, and legal professionals who completed training at one of four sites from January 2012 to December 2018. Twelve trainings were randomly selected for evaluation. We conducted pre- and post-training assessments and semi-structured interviews of participants within 12 months of index training. Forty-six trainings of 1,060 individuals were conducted during the study period. Of the randomly selected trainings, 368 questionnaires were included in the analysis (36% health, 31% legal, 12% law enforcement, 21% other). The mean knowledge scores (standard deviation) significantly improved after training: 77.9 (22.9) vs. 70.4 (20.8) (p<0.001). Four key benefits were identified: 1) improved cross-sector coordination; 2) enhanced survivor-centered care; 3) increased standardization of forensic practices; and 4) higher quality evidence collection. Participants completing the training had improved knowledge scores and perceived several key benefits, suggesting the multisectoral training was acceptable in this under-resourced, conflict region.
İzole torasikus longus sinir tutulumu ile seyreden brakiyal nörit
Authors: REİS Yağmur Çağla , ALIŞIK Tuğba , NACIR Barış
Published: August 2022

İdiyopatik brakiyal nörit, brakiyal pleksusun asimetrik tutulumu ile karakterize, ani başlangıçlı, şiddetli ağrı, kas güçsüzlüğü, fonksiyon ve duyu kaybına neden olan bir hastalıktır. Birçok kas-iskelet sistemi problemiyle karışabilmektedir. Yeni başlayan omuz ağrısında ayırıcı tanıda idiyopatik brakiyal nörit akılda bulundurulmalıdır. Bu durumun erken tanınması gereksiz cerrahi müdahaleyi önleyebilir. Bu olgu sunumunda, tipik klinik ve elektronöromiyografi bulguları ve ayırıcı tanı testleriyle tanımlanan, izole torasikus longus sinir tutulumu ile seyreden nadir bir brakiyal nörit vakasını sunmayı amaçladık.
Injury incidence in elite youth soccer academy athletes: a 3-year retrospective follow up
Authors: ARSLAN Serdar , DİNÇ Engin
Published: August 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and characteristics of injuries suffered by elite soccer academy athletes.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was made of the health records between 2016 and 2019 of athletes in the elite male soccer academy of an elite football club. The cause, type, location, recurrence, and severity of the injuries, where the injuries occured and time lost due to the injuries were recorded. The injury incidence and prevalence were calculated.

Results: Overall, total injuries and seasonal incidence rate were 1.49 (1.33-1.68) and 8.06 (7.16-0.04) per 1000 hours, respectively. The injury burden ranged between 11.83 (10.53-13.29) days and 51.43 (49.11-53.85) days. The injury characteristics were not statistically different according to age groups (p˃0.05). Conclusion: Youth soccer players in the U19 and U21 age groups had more injuries than other junior age groups in a typical soccer season. It was concluded that there were more match injuries, the thigh was the most injured area, muscle injuries were more common, and the hamstring was the most frequently injured muscle.
Parameters affecting the anatomical and functional success of macular hole surgery
Authors: KIRIKKAYA Esin , KAYNAK Süleyman
Published: August 2022

Aim: To evaluate the effect of preoperative Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) parameters on macular hole surgery (MHS) and their predictive value for postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 30 eyes of 30 patients with macular hole (MH). All patients underwent pars plana 23-gauge vitrectomy. A detailed macular analysis including MH minimum diameter (MD), base diameter (BD), opening diameter (OD), height, nasal arm (NA), temporal arm (TA), macular hole index (MHI), diameter hole index (DHI), tractional hole index (THI), hole form factor (HHF), macular hole area (MHA), and macular hole volume (MHV) were performed preoperatively. Presence of inner segment–outer segment (IS/OS) line, external limiting membrane (ELM), and cyst was noted postoperatively. Relationships between these parameters and postoperative BCVA were evaluated.

Results: The study group comprised 25 (83.3%) women. Mean pre and postoperative BCVA values were 0.924±0.320 and 0.487±0.287 logMAR, respectively. BCVA improved significantly after MHS (p
The relationship between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and diabetes control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: OZİSİK Hatice , CETİNKALP Sevki , SUNER Aslı , OZGEN Gokhan , SAYGİLİ Fusun , ERDOGAN Mehmet
Published: August 2022

Aim: The current study was purposed to examine the association between NLR and the control of glucose in patients with T2DM. We also aimed to reveal correlations between microalbuminuria, Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Red Blood Cell Distribution (RDW), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective study arranged in Ege University, in Endocrinology Department. We collected the fields of 198 patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and they were categorized into two groups, patients with controlled T2DM (Hba1c≤7%) (n=82) and uncontrolled T2DM (Hba1c>7%) (n=116). Results: There were no statistically significant differences between NLR, RDW and MPV in two groups (p=0.123, p=0.298, p=0.595 respectively). Duration of T2DM 5 years and below and after 5 years between two groups was statistically important (p=0.002). NLR was found higher in uncontrolled T2DM than controlled T2DM, but not statistically significant. Receiver operating characteristic curve of NLR, RDW, MPV, WBC were not found significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study revealed that duration of T2DM may predict microalbuminuria, and evaluated the relationship between RDW, MPV, NLR and Hba1c, microalbuminuria levels together in the patients with T2DM. According to NLR, RDW and MPV levels, we did not detect any statistically differences between uncontrolled T2DM than controlled T2DM.
PEMBERDAYAN MASYARAKAT UMKM BERBASIS DIGITAL LITERACY DI KAMPUNG LOGAM NGINGAS KABUPATEN SIDOARJO [EMPOWERMENT OF SME COMMUNITY BASED ON DIGITAL LITERACY IN KAMPUNG METAL NGINGAS, SIDOARJO REGENCY]
Authors: Putra Allen Pranata , Aristyanto Erwan
Published: August 2022

The quality of human resources will determine the sustainability of the economy in every condition, especially in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic, it takes the comparative sustainability of good products. In addition to comparative advantage, increasing digital literacy of each individual is also needed to be able to provide employment and economic improvement. Problems in UMKM are at least the improvement of human resources, the quality of product branding, the improvement of the economy periodically and the growth of employment. The methods used in improving digital literacy in community service are Focus Group Discussion (FGD), indepth interview, and field mentoring. Community empowerment activities are expected to increase the competence of UMKM actors due to technological transformation in business. The results of community empowerment through the improvement of digital literacy that has been done show positive results and are very beneficial for UMKM. At least UMKM can win competition in the lowest price filters, improved product branding, and increased labor. Further community service is expected to maintain the quality of products and comparative advantages that have been owned by UMKM actors.

BAHASA INDONESIAN ABSTRACT: Kualitas sumber daya manusia akan menentukan keberlangsungan ekonomi dalam setiap kondisi, terutama dalam kondisi pandemi Covid-19, dibutuhkan keunggulan komparatif produk yang baik. Selain keunggulan komparatif, peningkatan digital literacy setiap individu juga diperlukan untuk dapat meningkatkan lapangan kerja dan peningkatan ekonomi. Masalah di UMKM setidaknya adalah peningkatan sumber daya manusia, kualitas branding product, peningkatan ekonomi secara berkala dan pertumbuhan lapangan kerja. Metode yang digunakan dalam meningkatkan digital literacy dalam pelayanan masyarakat adalah Focus Group Discussion (FGD), indepth interview, dan pendampingan lapangan. Kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi pelaku UMKM akibat adanya tranformasi teknologi dalam bisnis. Hasil pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui peningkatan digital literacy yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan hasil yang positif dan sangat bermanfaat bagi pelaku UMKM. Setidaknya pelaku UMKM dapat memenangkan persaingan dalam filter harga terendah, peningkatan branding product, dan peningkatan tenaga kerja. Pengabdian masyarakat selanjutnya diharapkan dapat mempertahankan kualitas produk dan keunggulan komparatif yang telah dimiliki oleh pelaku UMKM.
EDUKASI PELESTARIAN LAHAN GAMBUT UNTUK ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA BUKU KREATIF [EDUCATION PEATLAND CONSERVATION FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL USING CREATIVE BOOK MEDIA]
Authors: Abdurrahman Habib , Pratama Abrar Rifqi , Yolanda Ardian , Rahman Arif , Fuadi Zakiyul , Wibisono Gunawan , Olivia Monita
Published: August 2022

Peatlands have an important role in ecosystems as a carbon storage and helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.Inappropriate peatland conversion causes common problems such as forest fires which create severe air pollution and trigger the production of greenhouse gases due to the release of stored carbon. As a result, early education regarding peat soil conservation is necessary to ensure that people understand the importance of peat soil and the harm that happens when peatlands are converted inappropriately. This program aims to educate students about peatlands and raise awareness about the importance of protecting and conserving peat from an early age. Educational materials are delivered using creative books containing illustrated stories, important knowledge about peat, and interactive games to attract student’s interest in reading and make information easier to recall. The results of the final evaluation through a questionnaire revealed that using creative books to educate students about peatlands was successful in improving students' understanding of peatlands. This is proven by the increasing number of students who fully understand the peat information that has been taught from 3 students to 32 out of 33 students.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Salah satu peran penting lahan gambut bagi ekosistem adalah sebagai pengikat karbon sehingga bermanfaat dalam mengurangi gas rumah kaca. Pengalihfungsian lahan gambut dengan cara yang tidak benar menyebabkan timbulnya masalah yang umum terjadi seperti kebakaran lahan gambut yang menyebabkan pencemaran udara melalui polusi kabut asap dan memicu terbentuknya gas rumah kaca akibat pelepasan karbon yang disimpannya. Untuk itu, pemberian edukasi mengenai pelestarian tanah gambut perlu diterapkan sejak dini agar masyarakat mengetahui peranan penting tanah gambut dan kerusakan yang terjadi apabila lahan gambut dialihfungsikan. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi pengenalan lahan gambut sekaligus meningkatkan kepedulian untuk menjaga dan melestarikan gambut sejak dini. Materi edukasi disampaikan menggunakan buku kreatif yang berisi cerita bergambar, pengetahuan penting tentang gambut, dan games interaktif agar menarik minat membaca dan membuat informasi menjadi lebih mudah diingat oleh siswa. Hasil evaluasi akhir melalui kuisoner menunjukkan bahwa pemberian edukasi tentang tanah gambut menggunakan media buku kreatif berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman siswa mengenai lahan gambut yang dibuktikan dengan bertambahnya jumlah siswa yang telah paham sepenuhnya mengenai materi gambut yang telah diajarkan dari semula 3 siswa menjadi 32 dari 33 siswa.
MENGATASI PERMASALAHAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI BIMBINGAN BELAJAR SIGMA [OVERCOMING STUDENTS' LEARNING MOTIVATION PROBLEMS IN SIGMA LEARNING HOUSE]
Authors: Listiani Tanti , Saragih Melda Jaya , Appulembang Oce Datu , Widiastuti Widiastuti
Published: August 2022

SIGMA tutoring is conducted in a church, namely the HKBP Binong Permai Tangerang. Because of the pandemic of COVID-19 in 2021, parents of church congregations have complaints about learning difficulties experienced by their children while online learning. The problem arises because the material studied by their children is quite difficult for their parents to guide. A solution is needed to overcome these problems, namely through Sigma tutoring. Sigma tutoring is implemented online by providing individual guidance for students. Online tutoring is being implemented currently according to government recommendations, it is prohibited to conduct face-to-face meetings between individuals. Even though by online learning, Sigma tutoring has a positive impact, namely that students/tutees feel helped by their learning difficulties, and tutors who are students can further hone their teaching skills through this Sigma tutoring. 

BAHASA INDONESIA ABASTRACT: Bimbingan belajar SIGMA dilaksanakan di sebuah gereja yakni HKBP Binong Permai Tangerang. Akibat Pandemi akibat COVID-19 pada tahun 2021 ini, orang tua dari jemaat gereja memiliki keluhan atas kesulitan belajar yang dialami anak-anaknya saat belajar online. Permasalahan muncul karena materi yang dipelajari oleh anak-anaknya cukup sulit untuk  dibimbing oleh orang tua mereka. Dibutuhkan solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, yakni melalui bimbingan belajar Sigma. Bimbingan belajar Sigma adalah bimbingan belajar yang dilaksanakan secara online, dengan memberikan bimbingan per individu untuk peserta didik. Bimbingan belajar secara online sedang marak dilaksanakan karena saat ini sesuai anjuran pemerintah melarang untuk melakukan pertemuan  tatap muka antar personal. Meskipun  dilakukan secara online, bimbingan belajar Sigma memberikan dampak positif yakni peserta didik/tutee merasa terbantu kesulitan belajarnya serta Tutor yang adalah mahasiswa dapat semakin mengasah kemampuan mengajarnya melalui bimbingan belajar Sigma ini.
ROSANA PAULINO E EDUCAÇÃO DAS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICOS-RACIAIS
Authors: Braga Silva Lucas Nascimento
Published: August 2022

Este texto tem por objetivo analisar a potência pedagógica da obra da artista e educadora Rosana Paulino na Educação para as Relações Étnico-Raciais. Propõe um exercício teórico e conceitual, que lança olhar apara as conjugações entre as obras de Paulino e  Educação para as Relações Étnico-Raciais. Rosana Paulino é uma artista negra que tem sua poética voltada para as questões de gênero, raça e identidade, trazendo em suas obras problemáticas históricas relacionadas a escravidão,  ao racismo e  as desigualdades com a população negra. A partir da análise da obra Classificar é saber?(2016) e da experiência docente de dois professores de artes de escolas públicas das cidades de Sapucaia do Sul (RS) e Montenegro (RS) buscou-se perceber a contribuição das obras para o trabalho da Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais principalmente no ambiente escolar. Como opção metodológica, a produção e da escrita reflexiva de um ensaio resultou nas discussões necessárias para responder o seguinte questionamento: Como a obra de Rosana Paulino contribui na educação para a Educação  das Relações Étnico-Raciais? Como conclusões, pode-se relacionar as contribuições pedagógicas da obra da artista mencionada para contribuir na produção de conhecimento no campo das artes e da educação.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A ESCOLA: RELATOS DE UMA PROFESSORA DE ARTE
Authors: De Souza Thalita Emanuelle
Published: August 2022

Esse artigo aqui apresentado dispõe da análise de alguns conceitos do livro Em defesa da escola: uma questão pública (2014) de Masschelein e Simons, sendo eles, tempo livre, suspensão, profanação e por fim o amor. Trago, também, para a discussão com os autores, algumas concepções da pedagogia histórico-crítica desenvolvida por Demerval Saviani, presentes nos livros Escola e Democracia (1988) e Pedagogia histórico-critica: primeiras aproximações (2013). Ao leitor e a leitora devo ressaltar que o texto a seguir tem um tom de ensaio, pois, aproximo toda a leitura e a reflexão realizada com a minha vivência sendo professora de escola pública. Narro nessas linhas que seguem, acontecimentos, anseios e sensações que a escola me traz, juntamente com inspirações e questionamentos diversos sobre os textos já citados. Em suma, um texto feito a partir de conexões das leituras e do cotidiano escolar. O intento aqui não é aprofundar nenhuma discussão, mas, trazê-las à tona relacionando-as com a realidade de quem vive no chão da escola.
Priapismo Secundário a Heparinas de Baixo-Peso-Molecular: Um Caso Clínico
Authors: Liz-Pimenta Joana , Dias Nuno , Barbosa Miguel , Sousa Marta
Published: August 2022

O priapismo pode ser um efeito adverso das heparinas de baixo peso molecular, cuja fisiopatologia não é totalmente compreendida. Os autores apresentam o caso de um doente, do sexo masculino, 51 anos, com diagnóstico de oligodendroglioma. O doente apresentou um episódio de priapismo, no terceiro mês sob tinzaparina, sem nenhuma outra alteração recente da sua medicação habitual e com consumo de outros medicamentos negado. Foi submetido a cirurgia, com resolução do priapismo, mas apresentou fibrose sequelar dos corpos cavernosos, com consequente disfunção eréctil. Desde então o doente não retomou heparina e não apresentou novos episódios de priapismo. Um célere reconhecimento do quadro pode contribuir para menores sequelas, com consequente diminuição da morbilidade e impacto na qualidade de vida. Mais investigação é necessária para aumentar o conhecimento sobre a fisiopatologia desta situação.
Psycho-sensorial categories: Actions and behaviors of piano practice at different levels of expertise
Authors: Mantovani Michele Rosita , Santos Regina Antunes Teixeira dos
Published: August 2022

In the current literature, instrumental practice dealing with elementary levels of expertise tends to be underestimated compared to that of professional musicians. Therefore, the purpose of the present research was to investigate actions and behaviors in piano practice carried out by pianists belonging of different levels of expertise. In a case-study approach guided by phenomenological principles, four participants were selected according to their potential representativeness at different levels of expertise, their received formal piano instruction, and accumulated practice time. The participants were asked to record one practice session of two piano pieces from their current repertoire. They were instructed to select one piece that they considered more challenging (piece 1) and another piece that they considered less challenging (piece 2). Semi-structured interviews provided information about their strategies. Nine categories were proposed as characteristic actions and behaviors of piano practice within the scope of the classical Western music tradition, namely, testing, repeating, isolating, alternating, exploring, adjusting, pausing, straggling, and slipping. Such categories proved to be common for all participants, exemplified by the practices of four participants (precollege, undergraduate, graduate students and professional pianists), and provided evidence of the nuances of deliberation, such as the procedures to approach and improve the repertoire (and their effectiveness), the effort to stay engaged and on task, and some of the limits in attention to practice.
The Limits of Independence of the Visegrad Group in the EU
Authors: Chetverikova A.
Published: August 2022

The monograph examines a wide range of development issues of the Visegrad Group, which affect its capabilities as an independent actor in the European Union. The main economic and political transformations of the region’s countries during the period of their membership in the EU are analyzed. An attempt is made to assess the economic relations within the Group and the role of the Visegrad market for its members. Special attention is paid to the nature of relations with the largest and most important external partners for the Visegrad countries. Political positions of the Group on the key European agenda, its role in several initiatives of the EU are presented. Part of the study analyzes relations between the Visegrad countries and Russia, taking into account new challenges and opportunities for change in existing trends. The publication is intended for Agencies whose competencies include issues of foreign economic and foreign policy relations of Russia, as well as for researchers, teachers, students and for all readers interested in studying the Central European region.
West–East–Russia 2021. Yearbook
Authors: Prozorovskii A. , Khoros V.
Published: August 2022

The yearbook "West – East – Russia" 2021 contains an analysis of the main trends, processes and the most significant events in the relations of the countries of the Center, Periphery and Semi-Periphery, taking into account the positions and interests of Russia in this interaction. Particular attention is paid to the weakening of the potential of American leadership and related increase of tension and the strengthening of the anti-Russian trend in the world. These problems are examined both at global and regional levels (the post-Soviet space, the Middle East, East and Southeast Asia, Latin America, etc.). The yearbook is completed with sections on ecology and scientific life, as well as a review of one of the new books on the subject of the yearbook and a chronology of the most important events of the year.
The IMEMO Sea Powers’ Rankings 2022
Authors: Polivach A. , Gudev P.
Published: August 2022

This book describes the system of indexes, developed by Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) for evaluation of the overall maritime potential of a country. The Index of Maritime Might (IMM) is atop this system. This research includes the rankings of the top-100 countries according to their involvement in a variety of maritime activities, either military or economic, which were calculated on the basis of statistical data as of the 1st of January 2022. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise without the prior permission of IMEMO. The terms country, power and nation as used in this publication do not imply any judgment of the authors or of IMEMO concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of particular boundaries. These terms are used for research purposes only as maritime statistical data for a range of geographically self-contained economic areas are maintained on a separate and independent basis. This book was prepared within the framework of the project "Post-Crisis World Order: Challenges and Technologies, Competition and Cooperation" under a grant from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to conduct large research projects (Agreement No. 075-15-2020-783).
The Construction of Female Identity in Chinese Biographical Film Anita Through the Lens of Male Gaze
Authors: Cui Tingting
Published: August 2022

Anita 《梅艳芳》 is a biopic newly released in 2021, chronicling her journey from a child performer to one of most recognized music idols in China and Southeast Asia. Mui began her singing career as a little girl, giving shows at an amusement park. Known as “Asian Madonna”, she kicked off her career by winning a singing contest in Hong Kong in 1982. Meanwhile, Mui also gained fame as an actress. She starred in more than 40 movies over 20 years, winning Taiwan’s Golden Horse award for best actress in 1987 for her role as a tormented ghost in the movie “Rouge.” She was also known for her charity work, setting up the Anita Mui Charity Foundation in 1990s.
Galactic Symmetry
Authors: Oldani Richard
Published: August 2022

Differences between the quantum mechanical and relativistic concepts of time are explained by using the equivalence principle. The resulting clock model calls for the microscopic equations of motion of atomic structure to be formulated in Minkowski space, and for photons to be described as four-dimensional localizations of energy. Because the properties of energy are universal the equations are able to be extended to include galaxies in spite of vast differences in lifetime. They show that symmetry exists between the electromagnetic fields of atoms and the gravitational fields of galaxies due to the presence in both of radial and transverse fields. Our description is fundamentally different from others because it is based on the conjugate variables energy and time rather than position and momentum.
Persistent Human Pegivirus Infection across Two Pregnancies without Evidence of Vertical Transmission
Authors: Garand Mathieu , Huang Susie Shih Yin , Goessling Lisa S. , Santillan Donna , Santillan Mark , Brar Anoop , Wylie Todd N. , Wylie Kristine M. , Eghtesady Pirooz
Published: August 2022

Human pegivirus (HPgV) is best known for persistent, presumably non-pathogenic, infection and a propensity to co-infect with human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis C virus. However, unique at-tributes, such as the increased risk of malignancy or immune modulation, have been recently recognized for HPgV. We have identified a unique case of a woman with high levels HPgV infection in two preg-nancies, which occurred 4 years apart, without evidence of human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis C virus infection. The second pregnancy was complicated by congenital heart disease. A high level of HPgV infection was detected in maternal blood from different trimesters by RT-PCR and identified as HPgV type 1 genotype 2 in both pregnancies. In the second pregnancy, the decidua and intervillous tissue of the placenta were positive for HPgV by PCR but not the chorion or cord blood (from both pregnancies), suggesting no vertical transmission despite high levels of viremia. The HPgV genome sequence was remarkably conserved over the 4 years. Using VirScan, sera antibodies for HPgV were detected in the first trimester of both pregnancies. We observed the same anti-HPgV antibodies against the non-structural NS5 protein in both pregnancies, suggesting a similar non-E2 protein humoral immune response over time. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of persistent HPgV infection involving placental tissues with no evidence of vertical transmission. Our results reveal a more elaborate viral-host interaction than previously reported, expand our knowledge about tropism, and opens avenues for exploring the replication sites of this virus.
Perbedaan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis melalui Model Pembelajaran Group Discovery Learning (GDL) Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Akademik Siswa
Authors: Perdana Williamsyah Putra , Santosa Slamet
Published: August 2022

Critical thinking skills include the ability to reason, analyze, make decisions, assess, explain, and self-regulate. This study was to determine the effect of Group Discovery Learning (GDL) on students' critical thinking skills in terms of academic abilities. This was a quasi-experimental research design using a post-test only with a non-equivalent control group design. The population was students of class X MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Sukoharjo. The subjects were taken using simple random sampling which met the normality and homogeneity tests. The sample was class X MIPA 5 as the control class and X MIPA 2 as the experimental class. Data were collected using essay tests, documentation, and observation. The hypothesis was tested with two-way ANOVA followed by the LSD test. The results show that: (1). Students' critical thinking skills were affected by the group discovery learning model. (2). There is a significant difference between students' academic abilities on critical thinking skills between control and experiment classes. These results can be used for further research in building active and innovative learning models and strategies
Hydroponics Virtual Laboratory as An Innovation in Online Learning Media During a Pandemic
Authors: Swestyani Sondra , Ramadhani Ayu Novita
Published: August 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has limited the role of laboratories in learning. Innovation in learning needs to be done, one of which is by using a virtual laboratory as a learning medium. This descriptive mix-method research aims to describe students’ activeness in online learning and the practicality of virtual laboratory learning media developed as learning media. This research was a dissemination stage of the 4-D development research. The instrument was observation sheets on the students’ activeness in online learning when using the hydroponic virtual laboratory. The results concluded that students’ activeness increased by an average of 22.2% after using a hydroponic virtual laboratory. The virtual laboratory was practical as shown by 73.9% of respondents agreeing and 22.9% of them strongly agree
Dissolvable Rubbers Development and its Applications in Downhole Tools
Authors: Ren Jiaxiang , Cheng Peng , Wang Xu
Published: August 2022

Dissolvable tools have been used more in unconventional oil and gas operations in recent years. Sealing element is one of the important parts of the dissolvable tools. The dissolvable rubbers in the market either have low strength or the dissolution rate was low. A series of high strength dissolvable rubbers with various dissolution rate have been developed by CNPC-USA to meet the industrial requirements.

The mechanical properties of the dissolvable rubbers were tested at ambient and high temperatures. The dissolvable rubber coupons were soaked in water, 0.3%, 1% KCl at 80, 90 and 120 °C for various durations up to 47 days. The mass, dimensions, volume, hardness, density, and tensile properties of the samples were measured after different durations to characterize the dissolution rate. In addition, the pressure rating of dissolvable rubber sealing element was tested in water environment at 90 °C or 100 °C and in oil environment at 120 °C for 24 hours. The dissolution rate of the dissolvable rubber sealing element was tested at 90 °C or 80 °C in brine. It was found that the tensile strength of the dissolvable rubber at high temperature was in the range of 800-3000 psi and the elongation of the dissolvable rubber at high temperature was higher than 500%, which was higher than that of the most of the commercial dissolvable rubbers.

For 90-120°C rated dissolvable rubbers, the dissolvable rubber coupons were disintegrated in brine at 90 °C in 5-15 days and the dissolvable rubber was completely dissolved in brine at 120°C in 4 days. The dissolvable rubber sealing elements hold 10,000 psi pressure differential at 90 °C in water and at 120 °C in oil environment for more than 24 hours. On the other hand, the dissolvable rubber sealing element were disintegrated in 90°C, 1% KCl in 7-11 days.

For 80-120°C rated dissolvable rubbers, the dissolvable rubber coupons were disintegrated in brine at 80°C in 3-10 days. The dissolvable rubber sealing elements hold 8,700 psi pressure differential for 24 hours and 10,000 psi pressure differential at 100 °C for 15 minutes. On the other hand, the dissolvable rubber sealing elements were disintegrated at 80°C in 1% KCl in 3-5 days.

The pressure rating properties and dissolution rate properties of the dissolvable rubber sealing elements met the field operation requirements. The dissolvable plugs with the dissolvable rubber sealing elements have been successfully used in multiple tight-oil wells and more than 15 shale gas wells fracturing operations in China.

The dissolution rate of the dissolvable rubber could be controlled by adjusting the formulations. The dissolution rate of the dissolvable rubber was independent of brine concentration. CNPC-USA has developed a series of dissolvable rubbers in the temperature range from 40°C to 175°C applications to meet different operation requirements.
Conditionally immortalised equine skeletal muscle cell lines for in vitro analysis.
Authors: Hill Emmeline , Porter Richard , Neto Nuno , Monaghan Michael , Rooney Mary Francis
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThoroughbred racehorse performance is largely influenced by a major quantitative trait locus at the myostatin (MSTN) gene which determines aptitude for certain race distances due to a promoter region insertion mutation influencing functional phenotypes in skeletal muscle. To develop an in vitro system for functional experiments we established three novel equine skeletal muscle cell lines reflecting the variation in phenotype associated with MSTN genotype (CC/II, CT/IN and TT/NN for SNP g.66493737C>T/SINE insertion 227 bp polymorphism). Primary equine skeletal muscle myoblasts, isolated from Thoroughbred horse gluteus medius, were conditionally immortalised and evaluated to determine whether cell phenotype and metabolic function were comparable to functional characteristics previously reported for ex vivo skeletal muscle isolated from Thoroughbred horses with each genotype.ResultsPrimary myoblasts conditionally immortalized with the temperature sensitive SV40TtsA58 lentivirus vector successfully proliferated and could revert to their primary cell phenotype and differentiate into multinucleated myotubes. Skeletal muscle fibre type, MSTN gene expression, mitochondrial abundance, and mitochondrial function of the three MSTN genotype cell lines, were consistent with equivalent characterisation of ex vivo skeletal muscle samples with these genotypes. Furthermore, addition of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) to the cell lines improved mitochondrial function, an observation consistent with ex vivo skeletal muscle samples with these genotypes following supplementation with CoQ10 in the diet. ConclusionsThe observation that the phenotypic characteristics and metabolic function of the cells lines are equivalent to ex vivo skeletal muscle indicates that this in vitro system will enable efficient and cost-effective analyses of equine skeletal muscle for a range of different applications including understanding metabolic function, testing of nutritional supplements, drug test development and gene doping test development. In the multi-billion-euro international Thoroughbred horse industry research advances in the biological function of skeletal muscle are likely to have considerable impact. Furthermore, this novel genotype-specific system may be adapted and applied to human biomedicine to improve understanding of the effects of myostatin in human physiology and medicine.
Cost-effective Network Disintegration through Targeted Enumeration
Authors: Wang Zhigang , Deng Ye , Holme Petter , Di Zengru , Lu Linyuan , Wu Jun
Published: August 2022

We live in a hyperconnected world---connectivity that can sometimes be detrimental. Finding an optimal subset of nodes or links to disintegrate harmful networks is a fundamental problem in network science, with potential applications to anti-terrorism, epidemic control, and many other fields of study. The challenge of the network disintegration problem is to balance the effectiveness and efficiency of strategies. In this paper, we propose a cost-effective targeted enumeration method for network disintegration. The proposed approach includes two stages: searching candidate objects and identifying an optimal solution. In the first stage, we use rank aggregation to generate a comprehensive node importance ranking, upon which we identify a small-scale candidate set of nodes to remove. In the second stage, we use an enumeration method to find an optimal combination among the candidate nodes. Extensive experimental results on synthetic and real-world networks demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a satisfying trade-off between effectiveness and efficiency. The introduced two-stage targeted enumeration framework can also be applied to other computationally intractable combinational optimization problems, from team assembly, via portfolio investment, to drug design.
An accelerated sequential minimal optimization method for the least squares support vector machine
Authors: Liu Siyi , Li Shengjie
Published: August 2022

Least squares support vector machine(LS-SVM) is an important variant of traditional support vector machine, which is used to solve pattern recognition and function prediction. We propose an improved version of the Sequential minimum optimization(SMO) algorithm for training LS-SVM, based on a acclerated grdient method. In this paper we consider adding a new point to capture previous update information. We adopt the idea of Nesterov acceleration method, which gets intermediate points from previous update information and then updates the new iteration point. we show experimentally that the improvement method can significantly reduce the number of iterations, and the training time of LS-SVM can also be reduced in the improvement first-order SMO.
Titers of antibodies the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 are predictive for levels of neutralizing antibodies to multiple variants
Authors: Lund-Johansen Fridtjof , Tran Trung , Vaage Eline , Mehta Adi , Chopra Adity , Kolderup Anette , Anthi Aina , König Marton , Nygaard Gro , Lind Andreas , Müller Fredrik , Nissen-Meyer Lise , Magnus Per , Trogstad Lill-Iren Schou , Mjaaland Siri , Søraas Arne , Midtvedt Karsten , Åsberg Anders , Barratt-Due Andreas , Medhus Asle Wilhelm , Høivik Marte Lie , Lundin Knut E. A. , Karlsen Randi , Dahle Reidun , Danielsson Karin , Thomassen Kristine , Kro Grete Birkeland , Cox Rebecca , Zhou Fan , Langeland Nina , Aukrust Pål , Melum Espen , Åvitsland Tone , Wiencke Kristine , Holter Jan , Munthe Ludvig , Grodeland Gunnveig , Andersen Jan , Vaage John
Published: August 2022

Diagnostic assays currently used to monitor the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines measure levels of antibodies to the receptor-binding domain of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 (RBDwt). However, the predictive value for protection against new variants of concern (VOCs) has not been firmly established. Here, we used bead-based arrays and flow cytometry to measure binding of antibodies to spike proteins and receptor-binding domains (RBDs) from VOCs in 12,000 sera. Effects of sera on RBD-ACE2 interactions were measured as a proxy for neutralizing antibodies. The samples were obtained from healthy individuals or patients on immunosuppressive therapy who had received two to four doses of COVID-19 vaccines and from COVID-19 convalescents. The results show that anti-RBDwt titers correlate with the levels of binding- and neutralizing antibodies against the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon and Omicron variants. The benefit of multiplexed analysis lies in the ability to measure a wide range of anti-RBD titers using a single dilution of serum for each assay. The reactivity patterns also yield an internal reference for neutralizing activity and binding antibody units per milliliter (BAU/ml). Results obtained with sera from vaccinated healthy individuals and patients confirmed and extended results from previous studies on time-dependent waning of antibody levels and effects of immunosuppressive agents. We conclude that anti-RBDwt titers correlate with levels of neutralizing antibodies against VOCs and propose that our method may be implemented to enhance the precision and throughput of immunomonitoring.
Working memory dysfunction in fibromyalgia is associated with genotypes of the catechol- O-methyltransferase gene: An event-related potential study
Authors: Ferrera David , Gómez-Es Francisco , Peláez Irene , Barjola Paloma , Fernandes-Magalhaes Roberto , Carpio Alberto , De Lahoz María Eugenia , Martín-Buro María Carmen , Mercado Francisco
Published: August 2022

Recent findings have associated different COMT genotypes with working memory capacity in patients with fibromyalgia. Although it is thought that the COMT gene may influence neural correlates (P2 and P3 ERP components) underlying working memory impairment in this chronic pain syndrome, it has not yet been explored. Therefore, the aim of the present research was to investigate the potential effect of the COMT gene in fibromyalgia patients on ERP working memory indices (P2 and P3 components). For this purpose, 102 participants (51 patients and 51 healthy control participants) took part in the experiment. Event-related potentials and behavioural responses were recorded while participants performed a spatial n-back task. Participants had to decide if the stimulus coincided or not in the same location as the one presented one (1-back condition) or two (2-back condition) trials before. Genotypes of the COMT gene were determined through a saliva sample from all participants. Present results significantly showed lower working memory performance (p < 0.05) in patients with fibromyalgia as compared to control participants (higher rate of errors and slower reaction times). At neural level, we found that patients exhibited enhanced frontocentral and parieto-occipital P2 amplitudes compared to control participants (p < 0.05). Interestingly, we also observed that only fibromyalgia patients carrying the Val/Val genotype of the COMT gene showed higher frontocentral P2 amplitudes than control participants (p < 0.05). Current results (behavioural outcomes and P2 amplitudes) confirmed the presence of an alteration in working memory functioning in fibromyalgia. The enhancement of frontocentral P2 could be reflecting that these patients would manifest an inefficient way of activating executive attention processes, in carriers of the Val/Val genotype of COMT. To our knowledge, the present findings are the first linking neural indices of working memory dysfunctions and COMT genotypes in fibromyalgia. Applying a subgroup of patient’s strategy based on this genetic marker could be useful to establish more tailored therapeutical approaches.
Resolution of the sec-max-product fuzzy relation inequalities and its lexicographic minimum solution ∗
Authors: Qiu Jianjun , Yang Xiao-Peng
Published: August 2022

In this paper we consider the wireless Server-to-Client (S2C) network system with server peers and user (client) peers. The server peers provide the data resources to the user peers. In order to describe the wireless S2C network system in which there exists at least one candidate server for each user, we define and investigate the so-called sec-max-product fuzzy relation inequalities. Basic properties and the structure of the solution set have been studied for the sec-max-product fuzzy relation inequalities system. Moreover, the optimal solution under a lexicographic order is further proposed and studied for such sec-max-product system, which is able to minimize all the variables under some fixed priority grade. In addition, an efficient resolution algorithm is developed with illustrative examples.