bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alterations in the gut microbiota can elicit hypertension in rats
Authors: Adnan Sareema , Nelson James W. , Ajami Nadim J. , Venna Venugopal R. , Petrosino Joseph F. , Bryan Robert M. , Durgan David J.
Published: December 2016

Gut dysbiosis has been linked to cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that hypertension could be induced in a normotensive strain of rats or attenuated in a hypertensive strain of rats by exchanging the gut microbiota between the two strains. Cecal contents from spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone rats (SHRSP) were pooled. Similarly, cecal contents from normotensive WKY rats were pooled. Four-week-old recipient WKY and SHR rats, previously treated with antibiotics to reduce the native microbiota, were gavaged with WKY or SHRSP microbiota, resulting in four groups; WKY with WKY microbiota (WKY g-WKY), WKY with SHRSP microbiota (WKY g-SHRSP), SHR with SHRSP microbiota (SHR g-SHRSP), and SHR with WKY microbiota (SHR g-WKY). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured weekly using tail-cuff plethysmography. At 11.5 wk of age systolic blood pressure increased 26 mmHg in WKY g-SHRSP compared with that in WKY g-WKY (182 ± 8 vs. 156 ± 8 mmHg, P = 0.02). Although the SBP in SHR g-WKY tended to decrease compared with SHR g-SHRSP, the differences were not statistically significant. Fecal pellets were collected at 11.5 wk of age for identification of the microbiota by sequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. We observed a significant increase in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio in the hypertensive WKY g-SHRSP, as compared with the normotensive WKY g-WKY ( P = 0.042). Relative abundance of multiple taxa correlated with SBP. We conclude that gut dysbiosis can directly affect SBP. Manipulation of the gut microbiota may represent an innovative treatment for hypertension.
The Role of HMGB1 in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Wang Yanan , Zhong Jixin , Zhang Xiangzhi , Liu Ziwei , Yang Yuan , Gong Quan , Ren Boxu
Published: December 2016

Significance.With an alarming increase in recent years, diabetes mellitus has become a global challenge. Despite advances in treatment of diabetes mellitus, currently, medications available are unable to control the progression of diabetes and its complications. Growing evidence suggests that inflammation is an important pathogenic mediator in the development of diabetes mellitus. The perspectives including suggestions for new therapies involving the shift from metabolic stress to inflammation should be taken into account.Critical Issues.High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nonhistone nuclear protein regulating gene expression, was rediscovered as an endogenous danger signal molecule to trigger inflammatory responses when released into extracellular milieu in the late 1990s. Given the similarities of inflammatory response in the development of T2D, we will discuss the potential implication of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of T2D. Importantly, we will summarize and renovate the role of HMGB1 and HMGB1-mediated inflammatory pathways in adipose tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, and islet dysfunction.Future Directions.HMGB1 and its downstream receptors RAGE and TLRs may serve as potential antidiabetic targets. Current and forthcoming projects in this territory will pave the way for prospective approaches targeting the center of HMGB1-mediated inflammation to improve T2D and its complications.
Gaps in the Continuum of HIV Care: Long Pretreatment Waiting Time between HIV Diagnosis and Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Leads to Poor Treatment Adherence and Outcomes
Authors: Su Shu , Li Shifu , Li Shunxiang , Gao Liangmin , Cai Ying , Fu Jincui , Guo Chunyuan , Jing Jun , Chen Liang , Mao Limin , Cheng Feng , Zhang Lei
Published: December 2016

Background.Criteria for antiretroviral treatment (ART) were adjusted to enable early HIV treatment for people living HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in China in recent years. This study aims to determine how pretreatment waiting time after HIV confirmation affects subsequent adherence and outcomes over the course of treatment.Methods.A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted using treatment data from PLHIV in Yuxi, China, between January 2004 and December 2015.Results.Of 1,663 participants, 348 were delayed testers and mostly initiated treatment within 28 days. In comparison, 1,315 were nondelayed testers and the median pretreatment waiting time was 599 days, but it significantly declined over the study period. Pretreatment CD4 T-cell count drop (every 100 cells/mm3) contributed slowly in CD4 recovery after treatment initiation (8% less,P<0.01) and increased the risk of poor treatment adherence by 15% (ARR = 1.15, 1.08–1.25). Every 100 days of extensive pretreatment waiting time increased rates of loss to follow-up by 20% (ARR = 1.20, 1.07–1.29) and mortality rate by 11% (ARR = 1.11, 1.06–1.21), based on multivariable Cox regression.Conclusion.Long pretreatment waiting time in PLHIV can lead to higher risk of poor treatment adherence and HIV-related mortality. Current treatment guidelines should be updated to provide ART promptly.
Functional Characterization of the N-Terminal C2 Domain fromArabidopsis thalianaPhospholipase Dαand Dβ
Authors: Rahier Renaud , Noiriel Alexandre , Abousalham Abdelkarim
Published: December 2016

Most of plant phospholipases D (PLD) exhibit a C2-lipid binding domain of around 130 amino acid residues at their N-terminal region, involved in their Ca2+-dependent membrane binding. In this study, we expressed and partially purified catalytically active PLDαfromArabidopsis thaliana(AtPLDα) in the yeastPichia pastoris. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the recombinant AtPLDαwas found to be NVEETIGV and thus to lack the first 35 amino acid belonging to the C2 domain, as found in other recombinant or plant purified PLDs. To investigate the impact of such a cleavage on the functionality of C2 domains, we expressed, inE. coli, purified, and refolded the mature-like form of the C2 domain of the AtPLDαalong with its equivalent C2 domain of the AtPLDβ, for the sake of comparison. Using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer and dot-blot assays, both C2 domains were shown to bind phosphatidylglycerol in a Ca2+-independent manner while phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylserine binding were found to be enhanced in the presence of Ca2+. Amino acid sequence alignment and molecular modeling of both C2 domains with known C2 domain structures revealed the presence of a novel Ca2+-binding site within the C2 domain of AtPLDα.
Dynamical Analysis of a Computer Virus Propagation Model with Delay and Infectivity in Latent Period
Authors: Zhang Zizhen , Bi Dianjie
Published: December 2016

A delayed SLB computer virus propagation model with infectivity in latent period is proposed in this paper. We establish sufficient conditions for local stability of the positive equilibrium and existence of Hopf bifurcation by analyzing distribution of the roots of the associated characteristic equation and applying the Hopf bifurcation theorem. Furthermore, properties of the Hopf bifurcation are determined by using the normal form theory and the center manifold theorem. Finally, numerical simulations supporting the theoretical analysis are carried out.
On the Boundedness of Biparameter Littlewood-Paley gλ⁎-Function
Authors: Cao Mingming , Xue Qingying
Published: December 2016

Let m,n≥1 and let gλ1,λ2⁎ be the biparameter Littlewood-Paley gλ⁎-function defined by gλ1,λ2⁎fx = ∬R+m+1 t2/t2+x2-y2mλ2∬R+n+1 t1/t1+x1-y1nλ1×θt1,t2fy1,y22dy1dt1/t1n+1dy2dt2/t2m+11/2,  λ1>1,  λ2>1, where θt1,t2f is a nonconvolution kernel defined on Rm+n. In this paper we show that the biparameter Littlewood-Paley function gλ1,λ2⁎ is bounded from L2Rn+m to L2Rn+m. This is done by means of probabilistic methods and by using a new averaging identity over good double Whitney regions.
Association of Insulin Resistance with Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: Ethnic Heterogeneity in Far Western China
Authors: Yan Yi-Zhong , Ma Ru-Lin , Zhang Jing-Yu , He Jia , Ma Jiao-Long , Pang Hong-Rui , Mu La-Ti , Ding Yu-Song , Guo Heng , Zhang Mei , Liu Jia-Ming , Rui Dong-Sheng , Wang Kui , Guo Shu-Xia
Published: December 2016

Objective. To study the relationships between IR and glucose and lipid metabolism in far western China and these relationships’ ethnic heterogeneity. Methods. From the baseline survey, 419 Uygur cases, 331 Kazak cases, and 220 Han cases were randomly selected, resulting in a total of 970 cases for study. FINS concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay. Results. (1) In the Kazak population, IR was correlated with hyperglycemia; high levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C; and low levels of HDL-C and abdominal obesity (all P<0.05). (2) In the Uygur population, the influence of IR on hyperglycemia and abdominal obesity was the greatest. In the Kazak population, IR was associated with hyperglycemia most closely. In the Han population, IR may have had an impact on the incidence of low HDL-C levels. (3) After adjusting for sex, age, smoking status, and alcohol consumption, IR was still associated with anomalies in the metabolism of the Uygur, Kazak, and Han populations. Conclusion. IR was involved in the process of glucose and lipid metabolism, and its degree of involvement differed among the ethnicities studied. We could consider reducing the occurrence of abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism by controlling IR and aiming to reduce the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases.
Designing a Test Fixture with DFSS Methodology
Authors: Kibbe Charles G. , Lee Jim , Dong Kanjicai
Published: December 2016

This paper addresses the application of Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) methodology to the design of a marine riser joint hydraulic line test fixture. The original test fixture was evaluated using Value Steam Mapping (VSM) and appropriate Lean design tools such as 3D Modeling and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). A new test fixture was developed which resulted in improving the process cycle efficiency for the test from 25% to 50% percent, leading to a 50% reduction in test cost. Handling of the new test fixture is greatly improved as compared to the original fixture.
Loss of Myh14 Increases Susceptibility to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in CBA/CaJ Mice
Authors: Fu Xiaolong , Zhang Linqing , Jin Yecheng , Sun Xiaoyang , Zhang Aizhen , Wen Zongzhuang , Zhou Yichen , Xia Ming , Gao Jiangang
Published: December 2016

MYH14 is a member of the myosin family, which has been implicated in many motile processes such as ion-channel gating, organelle translocation, and the cytoskeleton rearrangement. Mutations in MYH14 lead to a DFNA4-type hearing impairment. Further evidence also shows that MYH14 is a candidate noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) susceptible gene. However, the specific roles of MYH14 in auditory function and NIHL are not fully understood. In the present study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to establish a Myh14 knockout mice line in CBA/CaJ background (now referred to as Myh14−/−mice) and clarify the role of MYH14 in the cochlea and NIHL. We found that Myh14−/−mice did not exhibit significant hearing loss until five months of age. In addition, Myh14−/−mice were more vulnerable to high intensity noise compared to control mice. More significant outer hair cell loss was observed in Myh14−/−mice than in wild type controls after acoustic trauma. Our findings suggest that Myh14 may play a beneficial role in the protection of the cochlea after acoustic overstimulation in CBA/CaJ mice.
What Influences Where They Give Birth? Determinants of Place of Delivery among Women in Rural Ghana
Authors: Dickson Kwamena Sekyi , Adde Kenneth Setorwu , Amu Hubert
Published: December 2016

Background. There is a paucity of empirical literature in Ghana on rural areas and their utilisation of health facilities. The study examined the effects of the sociodemographics of rural women on place of delivery in the country. Methods. The paper made use of data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. Women from rural areas who had given birth within five years prior to the survey were included in the analysis. Descriptive analyses and binary logistic regression were used to analyse the data. Results. Wealth, maternal education, ecological zone, getting money for treatment, ethnicity, partner’s education, parity, and distance to a health facility were found as the determinants of place of delivery among women in rural Ghana. Women in the richest wealth quintile were three times (OR = 3.04, 95% CI = 0.35–26.4) more likely to deliver at a health facility than the poorest women. Conclusions. It behoves the relevant stakeholders including the Ghana Health Service and the Ministry of Health to pay attention to the wealth status, maternal education, ecological zone, ethnicity, partner’s education, parity, and distance in their planning regarding delivery care in rural Ghana.
Chitosan Modulates Inflammatory Responses in Rats Infected with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
Authors: Liu Gang , Chen Shuai , Guan Guiping , Tan Jun , Al-Dhabi Naif A. , Wang Hongbing , Duraipandiyan Veeramuthu , Fang Jun
Published: December 2016

This study aims to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) on gastrointestinal pathogen resistance in mice model. For two weeks, a control group of ICR mice received a basal diet whilst the intervention group received the basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg COS. After two weeks, the mice fed the supplemented diet had a lower body weight. Then enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) was administered to the mice through oral gavage, with each mouse receiving 108 CFU. At day 7 after infection, the bacterial load in the jejunum and faeces was significantly lower in the COS group than that in the control group. Moreover, the mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-18, and TNF-α were significantly lower in the group of mice receiving the COS diet; also the jejunal production of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) was suppressed in the COS group. These results indicate the intervention influenced inflammation and controlled E. coli infection.
Ancient Schwannoma of the Cauda Equina: Our Experience and Review of the Literature
Authors: Wierzbicki Venceslao , Pesce Alessandro , Marrocco Luigi , Piccione Emanuele , Frati Alessandro , Caruso Riccardo
Published: December 2016

Ancient schwannomas (AS) are exceedingly rare variant of common schwannomas (CS). Only two cases involving the cauda equina region have been previously reported in literature. AS are typically associated with a higher histological degree of degenerative changes (Antoni B areas). It is of peculiar importance, according to our opinion, to outline that, because of their extremely slow growth (which explains the increase of the degenerative changes in respect to the CS) and their typical soft consistency in respect to their standard counterparts, AS usually imply an even better prognosis.
A Systematic Approach to Quality Oriented Product Sequencing for Multistage Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Zhang Faping , Butt Shahid Ikramullah
Published: December 2016

Product sequencing is one way to reduce cost and improve product quality for multistage manufacturing systems (MMS). However, systematically evaluating the influence of product sequence on quality performance for MMS is still a challenge. By considering the rate of incoming conforming product, manufacturing system quality transition between batch to batch, and quality propagation along stages, this paper investigates the appropriate batch policies and product sequencing for MMS so that satisfied quality performance can be achieved. A model to analyze the relationship between the product sequencing and quality performance is conducted just by using the quality inspection data and the complex engineering knowledge used in the variation method is avoided. Based on Markov Chain processes methodology, quality performance is modeled as a function of transition states jointly determined by multistage condition, product sequencing, incoming part quality, and propagation of the rate of conforming products among multistage. Quality related batch strategies are discussed for optimal quality performance. Two kinds of quality efficiency are put forward to facilitate the modeling and the discussion. The results of the model will lead to guidelines for quality management in multistage manufacturing systems.
Experimental Study on the Influence of DPF Micropore Structure and Particle Property on Its Filtration Process
Authors: Meng Zhongwei , Fang Jia , Pu Yunfei , Yan Yan , Wu Yi , Wang Yongzhong , Song Qiang
Published: December 2016

A single layer filtration system was developed to investigate the filtration and regeneration performance of diesel particle filter (DPF). The particle layer thickness was directly measured online to analyze the different filtration stages. The influence of particle property on particle layer stage performance was also investigated. The results indicate that the filtration velocity can greatly affect the deep bed filtration stage, and the deposited particle layer can be compressed even in very low filtration velocity and higher filtration velocity trends to form denser particle layer. Optimizing the pore structure can effectively shorten the deep bed filtration stage and reduce the pressure drop eventually. An empirical function was proposed to relate the pore structure and the initial increment rate of pressure drop, which presented that reducing the pore size distribution range (3σ) can result in low DPF filtration pressure drop. The filtration stage could be further divided into four stages, and the value of particle layer thickness ranging within 15~20 μm has been found to be critical number for the shift from the transient stage to the cake filtration stage. Particle with large primary diameter and BET surface was beneficial to form loose particle layer.
Changes of the Macular Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness after Cataract Surgery in Glaucoma Patients
Authors: Roh Hyun Cheol , Park Choul Yong , Kim Martha
Published: December 2016

Purpose. To investigate the effect of uneventful cataract surgery on macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGC-IPL) thickness in glaucoma patients.Methods. This retrospective study included 65 eyes of 65 subjects who underwent uneventful cataract surgery, including 13 glaucoma eyes and 52 normal eyes. Using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, the mGC-IPL thickness was measured and compared between glaucoma and normal eyes preoperatively as well as 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with postoperative change in mGC-IPL thickness.Results. The mean mGC-IPL significantly increased in both groups 1 month and 3 months after surgery (allPvalues equal to or less than 0.001). The postoperative changes between groups were not significantly different (P=0.171). In the multivariate regression analysis, preoperative mGC-IPL thickness showed a significant association with the change of average mGC-IPL thickness 1 month and 3 months after surgery (allPvalues < 0.001).Conclusions. The mean mGC-IPL thickness was increased after cataract surgery, and the postoperative mGC-IPL thickness changes were associated with preoperative mGC-IPL thickness in both groups and axial length in normal eye. The effects of cataract surgery on mean mGC-IPL thickness were not different in glaucomatous and normal eyes.
Avances y desafíos de la gestión documental en las organizaciones
Authors: Mercado Beatriz
Published: December 2016

La gestión documental es un aspecto clave para la eficiencia y productividad de las organizaciones. Este artículo aborda la importancia y beneficios asociados a la implementación de sistemas de gestión documental. También se revisan las principales problemáticas y obstáculos que se presentan en este tipo de iniciativas y cómo, a nivel internacional, han surgido una serie de directrices en forma de normas de gestión para apoyar a las organizaciones bajo una metodología de mejora continua. Se hace referencia, en particular, a la más reciente, la serie ISO 30300, que además permite que la organización acredite ante sus pares la adopción de las mejores prácticas en el ámbito documental.
Noninvasive Measurement of mTORC1 Signaling with 89Zr-Transferrin
Authors: Truillet Charles , Cunningham John T. , Parker Matthew F.L. , Huynh Loc T. , Conn Crystal S. , Ruggero Davide , Lewis Jason S. , Evans Michael J.
Published: December 2016

Purpose: mTOR regulates many normal physiological processes and when hyperactive can drive numerous cancers and human diseases. However, it is very challenging to detect and quantify mTOR signaling noninvasively in clinically relevant animal models of disease or man. We hypothesized that a nuclear imaging tool measuring intracellular mTOR activity could address this unmet need.

Experimental Design: Although the biochemical activity of mTOR is not directly amenable to nuclear imaging probe development, we show that the transferrin receptor can be used to indirectly measure intracellular changes in mTOR activity.

Results: After verifying that the uptake of radiolabeled transferrin (the soluble ligand of the transferrin receptor) is stimulated by active mTORC1 in vitro, we showed that 89Zr-labeled transferrin (Tf) can measure mTORC1 signaling dynamics in normal and cancerous mouse tissues with PET. Finally, we show that 89Zr-Tf can detect the upregulation of mTORC1 by tumor cells to escape the antitumor effects of a standard-of-care antiandrogen, which is to our knowledge the first example of applying PET to interrogate the biology of treatment resistant cancer.

Conclusions: In summary, we have developed the first quantitative assay to provide a comprehensive measurement of mTOR signaling dynamics in vivo, in specific normal tissues, and during tumor development in genetically engineered animal models using a nuclear imaging tool that is readily translatable to man. Clin Cancer Res; 23(12); 3045–52. ©2016 AACR.
Clinical and Genetic Characterization of Tunisian Children with Hereditary 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D-Resistant Rickets
Authors: Ben Ameur Salma , Silve Caroline , Chabchoub Imene , Damak Fatma , Kamoun Fatma , Toussaint Aurélie , Kmiha Sana , Sfaihi Lamia , Maaloul Ines , Kamoun Thouraya , Aloulou Hajer , Hachicha Mongia
Published: December 2016

Background: Hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the early onset of rickets and is caused by mutations in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene. Some HVDRR patients also have alopecia. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively studied the clinical features, laboratory findings, genetic defects, as well as responses to treatment in a series of children with HVDRR. Results: Eight patients from 7 families met the inclusion criteria. Alopecia was noted in 7 patients. Two different homozygous mutations in the VDR gene were identified in 6 patients: the p.K45E mutation located in the DNA-binding domain (5 patients with alopecia) and a novel p.T415R mutation located in the ligand-binding domain. A p.E143del CYP24A1 mutation, in the gene encoding the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase, was identified in 2 brothers carrying the VDR gene mutation p.K45E. Six patients were treated with intermittent intravenous calcium treatment via the peripheral route with a clear improvement in 5 cases. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first major series reporting on HVDRR in Tunisia. The same mutation (p.K45E) was found in 5 apparently unrelated affected individuals. We have also extended the mutation spectrum by studying 1 novel VDR mutation.
Synthesis of a Sulfonimidamide-Based Analog of Tasisulam and Its Biological Evaluation in the Melanoma Cell Lines SKMel23 and A375
Authors: Steinkamp Anne-Dorothee , Schmitt Laurenz , Chen Xiaoyun , Fietkau Katharina , Heise Ruth , Baron Jens M. , Bolm Carsten
Published: December 2016

Tasisulam is a promising antitumor agent with complex pharmacology, which is used as an antiproliferative agent in patients with metastatic melanoma and other solid tumors. Phase 2 melanoma studies showed promising results but had to be stopped because of insufficient tasisulam clearance leading to toxic side effects. To reduce the negative effects of tasisulam, we synthesized a novel sulfonimidamide-based analog to evaluate its antiproliferative effects in comparison to the original compound by performing a cell proliferation assay in melanoma cell lines SKMel23 and A375. The results revealed that the analog had inhibitory effects on the proliferation comparable to tasisulam in both investigated cell lines. These results could contribute to a reduced toxicity of tasisulam and lead to further clinical trials in metastatic melanoma.
Indígenas e quilombolas em situação de violência: como garantir direitos diferenciados?
Authors: Beltrão Jane Felipe
Published: December 2016

Na Amazônia e em especial no Pará, a reivindicação por reconhecimento de direitos é tarefa diuturna entre indígenas e quilombolas. Hoje, como no passado, os direitos continuam desrespeitados, apesar da agência que protagonistas indígenas e quilombolas empreendem. Entre as de violações de direitos, encontram-se as situações de violência enfrentadas por mulheres étnica e racialmente discriminadas e sujeitas a violências de gênero. Traz-se ao público situações nas quais as mulheres “pagam com o corpo” o fato de não se garantir direitos diferenciados.
Notas cromáticas sobre os sonhos ameríndios: transformações da pessoa e perspectivas
Authors: Vianna João Jackson Bezerra
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho tem como foco os sonhos ameríndios. Dedicar-me-ei a analisar alguns sonhos que foram relatados pela literatura etnológica das terras baixas da América do Sul; entre estes relatos estão aqueles que os Baniwa, povo arawak do Noroeste Amazônico, narraram para mim durante o meu trabalho de campo no médio rio Içana. As transformações explicitadas pelos sonhos serão compreendidas e descritas por meio da noção de cromatismo, provinda da análise de Lévi-Strauss nas Mitológicas, e da noção de perspectiva formulada por Lima e por Viveiros de Castro. Por fim, espero descrever transformações que atravessam a pessoa indígena por meio dos sonhos.
"Há um mundo africano inteiro à nossa espera" - Wilson Trajano Filho, um profissional da alteridade
Authors: Pimenta Denise , Moutinho Laura , Lopes Pedro
Published: December 2016

Entrevista com Wilson Trajano Filho, professor titular do Departamento de Antropologia da Universidade de Brasília. Os leitores poderão seguir com o autor um percurso que vai da música à antropologia, e da antropologia às pesquisas em África – estas especialmente dedicadas à reflexão sobre representações nacionais, colonialismo português, cultura popular e crioulização.
Midiatização da religião e Estudos Culturais: identificando diferenças a partir de Stuart Hall
Authors: Martino Luis Mauro Sa
Published: December 2016

Although the issue of religion does not occupy a prominent place in the works of Stuart Hall or even in Cultural Studies in general, some contemporary phenomena related to media and religion relations can be analyzed within this key of interpretation, mostly when we think on the intersection with identity. In this text, some theoretic and conceptual possibilities are outlined in order to understand the process of mediatization of religion from a perspective of articulation of identities, focusing, in particular, on questions related to body and culture.
Stuart Hall and the communication studies in Brazil
Authors: Sovik Liv , Martinelli Fernanda , Guazina Liziane
Published: December 2016

Introduction of special number of MATRIZes.
O legado de Stuart Hall para os estudos de recepção no Brasil
Authors: Jacks Nilda , Wottrich Laura Hastenpflug
Published: December 2016

The text evokes the itinerary of Hall’s contributions to the field of communication in the country, in particular to reception studies. It discusses how his reflections were used by theses and dissertations in the field, defended in the Brazilian graduate programs between 2000 and 2009. The analysis reveals Hall’s importance for consolidating them in Brazil for offering theoretical and methodological inputs within a context of expansion of research centers and of problematics addressed. His ideas are adopted according to the demands of the objects of research, which have a multiplicity that denotes the amplitude of the the author’s contribution to Brazilian reception studies.
Vivências diaspóricas em comunidades quilombolas: empoderamento, autorreflexão e novas sociabilidades na comunidade Rio dos Macacos
Authors: Nunes Juliana Cézar , Moura Dione Oliveira
Published: December 2016

In what way the empowerment process in Quilombola community Rio dos Macacos has produced a reflexive capacity and new sociabilities? We propose this reflection based on the thought of Stuart Hall. We consider that Quilombola communities rely on an accrual of diasporic experiences to reinforce resistance movement. In the empowerment process of Rio dos Macacos community, we have observed the reflexive capacity within the stories, documents and on the campaign "Somos todos Rio dos Macacos" [We are all Rio dos Macacos"]. New sociabilities were established on the campaign, in 2012, as well as in the oficial territory delimitation as a quilombo remainder community, in 2015.
A propósito de cultura e representação
Authors: Cunha Eneida Leal
Published: December 2016

The recently released Hall’s Cultural Representations has two long articles from courses given by the Jamaican intellectual at The Open University in London in the 1990s: the first presents the author’s version for the so-called “linguistic turn” in the “representation” studies in the cultural context from the Saussurean structuralism to Michel Foucault; in the second, starting from a compilation of images that comprises more than a century, Hall exposes and analyzes the formation and naturalization in the media of the nexus between racial difference and black body’s subalternization. These are lucid, well-argued and generous contributions for cultural studies in Brazil.
Stuart Hall, os estudos fílmicos e o cinema
Authors: Prysthon Angela Freire
Published: December 2016

This article explores the relationship between Stuart Hall and the cinema from three specific topics: 1) Hall’s work on concepts of difference, identity, representation and stereotype in his relationship with the cinema; 2) the impact of his thoughts on film production, especially in movies of the 1980s that directly portrayed the multicultural society and the ethnic issues of cultural hybridity, using as a case study the film My beautiful laundrette; and 3) more direct relationships he established with audiovisual production, whether in his relationship with black British cinema or how he was portrayed in the film The Stuart Hall Project.
Os romances de Sérgio Sant'Anna e de Osman Lins: respostas ficcionais à "morte do autor", de Barthes e Foucault?
Authors: Tavares Enéias Farias
Published: December 2016

O ápice das discussões que colocaram em xeque a importância autoral na obra literária ocorreu na década de 1960, quando as reflexões de Roland Barthes e de Michel Foucault, em textos como A morte do autor e O que é o autor?, resultaram numa reavaliação crítica da figura autoral bem como promoveram uma maior valorização do texto literário e da interpretação do leitor. O objetivo deste artigo é contrastar as idéias dos dois pensadores sobre a problemática do autor com os romances brasileiros Confissões de Ralfo, de Sergio Sant’Anna, e A rainha dos cárceres da Grécia, de Osman Lins, textos nos quais a oposição à morte do autor se apresenta.
O livro que eu quero escrever: capítulo 1
Authors: Coelho Ana Amelia
Published: December 2016

Conto.
Arruído rumor
Authors: Tommaso Mario
Published: December 2016

O Programa de Pós-graduação em Literatura Brasileira da Universidade de São Paulo, em projeto ﬁ nanciado pela CAPES através do PROEX, lançou, em 2008, a Série Teses e Dissertações. A coleção reúne dezesseis trabalhos apresentados para o obtenção de títulos de Mestre e Doutor em Literatura Brasileira, produzidos durante os dois anos anteriores. Foram contempladas as diversas linhas de pesquisa atualmente em vigor, representando uma importante diversidade em termos de períodos e gêneros literários, bem como diversas abordagens metodológicas e modalidades de discurso crítico. Os exemplares não são comercializados, mas podem ser encontrados nas mais importantes bibliotecas públicas do país. O projeto, idealizado pelo professor Jaime Ginzburg, tem como objetivo dar maior visibilidade aos trabalhos acadêmicos, valorizando o livro como forma privilegiada de circulação do material.
"O navio negreiro", de Castro Alves: consciência lírica e exaltação poética
Authors: Barbosa Maria Braga
Published: December 2016

“O navio negreiro” de Castro Alves é um poema modelo para o discurso da lírica e sua relação com a sociedade. Tal relação não se limita ao tema do poema, mas está presente desde a forma até a própria necessidade que o poeta (consciente de um papel elevado) tem de buscar um tom de exaltação para sua obra. A vaidade, que só é possível no social, surge como elemento motor na busca da performance poética que, por sua vez, está presa ao ditame histórico, a um certo preestabelecimento, ainda que o gênio criador seja proclamado pelo mérito de sua originalidade.
"Quem conta um conto aumenta um ponto": a tessitura de várias histórias em "Quatro histórias", de Walter Benjamin, e "A quinta história", de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Ribeiro Patrícia
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho analisa, comparativamente, os contos “Quatro histórias”, de Walter Benjamin, e “A quinta história”, de Clarice Lispector, a fim de deslindar o enredo dessas narrativas. O objetivo deste ensaio é examinar a estrutura desses contos e a composição dos personagens de modo a concebê-los como uma alegoria da condição humana, que é permeada pelo estranho e pelo mal-estar na sociedade.
O impasse da narração em "Em câmera lenta", de Renato Tapajós
Authors: Costa Carlos Augusto
Published: December 2016

O estudo procura compreender o impasse vivido pelo narrador do romance Em câmara lenta, de Renato Tapajós, que se constitui por uma disposição à resistência, que neste caso implica agressividade, mesmo quando apresenta sinais característicos de melancolia, profundo sentimento de tristeza e medo que, em geral, inibe qualquer tomada de atitude agressiva. Esse impasse produz efeitos profundamente perturbadores no processo de constituição formal da narrativa, e por esta razão merece especial atenção.
Debate: experiências de revistas produzidas por estudantes
Authors: Tommaso Mario , Santos Ana Lúcia Lins B. dos
Published: December 2016

A equipe de Opiniães convidou colegas de outras revistas discentes para trocar ideias sobre o trabalho de edição no contexto acadêmico. O leitor encontrará relatos de experiências diversas, que muitas vezes perpassam dificuldades comuns: a fundamentação e a continuidade dos projetos, a burocracia, o envolvimento do corpo editorial. Sob outros aspectos, como relações institucionais, política editorial e avaliação da universidade, o leitor poderá observar certas divergências. Participaram do debate membros da comissão editorial das revistas: Opiniães (Mario Tommaso, DLCV-USP), Angelus Novus (Fernando Ribeiro, DH-USP), Cadernos de Campo (André-Kees Schouten, DA-USP), Criação & Crítica (Samira Murad, DLM-USP), Desassossego (Fernanda Suely Muller, DLCV-USP) e Magma (Tiago Pinheiro, DTLLC-USP)
A criação do teatro nacional? Alencar, Machado e a cena dramatúrgica brasileira
Authors: Marques Jorge
Published: December 2016

This article reflects on the conception of theatrical generationof Brazilian intellectuals, led by José de Alencarand Machado de Assis, who, around 1850, intended tobuild, in the national stage, an innovative design for thedramaturgy of the time, namely the theatrical realism- a mix of moral reflection and reproduction of socialproblems. The rise and fall of “dramas of tails“, a polemicwith the romantic drama, solutions scenic theaterrealistic and possible legacy of this generation aresome of the topics to be addressed and discussed in ourwork.
Turbulência
Authors: Coelho Rafael
Published: December 2016

Poema. Texto crítico de Andréa Catrópa, Edilson Moura e Lucius Provase.
Entrevista com os professores
Authors: Alves Laura Penna , Pécora Alcir , Natali Marcos , Acízelo Roberto , Lima Luiz Costa , Vilaça Alcides Celso Oliveira , Hansen João Adolfo , Pino Cláudia Amigo
Published: December 2016

Entrevista sobre polêmicas literárias com os professores Alcir Pécora (Unicamp), Marcos Natali (USP), Roberto Acízelo (Uerj), Costa Lima (PUC-RJ), Alcides Villaça (USP), João Adolfo Hansen (USP) e Claudia Amigo Pino (USP).
Em defesa de um ensino (planejado) de literatura pelos direitos do leitor
Authors: Bulgarelli Marcello
Published: December 2016

Este artigo busca elaborar e colocar em prática uma alternativa metodológica – que considere os direitos do leitor – para que o ensino de literatura possa, ao menos, formar leitores literários autônomos críticos, capazes de fazer as suas escolhas de leitura, sabendo que o aprendido do texto literário não é um todo absoluto, mas passível de ser constantemente ressignificado.
Traduções e distanciamentos: alguns modelos literários em "Helena" (1876), de Machado de Assis
Authors: Santos Rogério Fernandes dos
Published: December 2016

This paper develops a reading of two literary modelscontained in the novel Helena (1876). It is consideredthe reader expectationsin Brazil during the nineteenthcentury and onhow Machado de Assis influences thedebate on the so-called “local color” literature, themediscussed by him in the “Instinct of nationality in Brazilianliterature” essay, from 1873, which turned out as hisnovels structural matter. Inside Helena fictional space,there is tension between the local and universal, representedboth by direct quotation from Manon Lescautand novels such as Paul and Virginia, as the incorporationin its existing archetypes narrative in the serials.Formally, in parodies, “translate” and rework on literaryreferences - both national and foreign, Machado’stexts from that period criticize some guiding principlesof Brazilian literature, questioning literature modelsand reflecting on them.
Atordoamento
Authors: Ribas Juliano
Published: December 2016

Conto.
"Bem longe de Marienbad": uma leitura da ausência em conto de Caio Fernando Abreu
Authors: Souza Thais Torres de
Published: December 2016

Caio Fernando Abreu's short story “Bem longe de Marienbad” addresses the impossibility of the love encounter, determined by the mismatch between two lovers whose contact is almost exclusively intellectual and minimally embodied. This article aims to analyze how the subject-inherent discontinuity, which Bataille thematizes in Eroticism, is underscored in the narrative. As a consequence of the erotic desire, the main character becomes aware of his incompleteness and solitude when he realizes that it is impossible to get close to the desired one.
Literatura e sexo por Gérard Dessons
Authors: Lima Bruno Ribeiro de
Published: December 2016

Gérard Dessons é professor de literatura francesa na Universidade Paris 8, onde trabalha com teoria da arte, da literatura e da linguagem. A entrevista abaixo busca questionar problemas “morais” e “éticos” a partir da ligação direta entre literatura e sexo. Algumas de suas publicações: La Manière folle (2010); Rembrandt: l’odeur de la peinture (2006); L’Art et la manière (2004), Traité du rythme (com H. Meschonnic) (1998).
Resposta ao pé do ouvido
Authors: Destri Luisa
Published: December 2016

Crítica dos poemas de João Pedro Liossi, Marcus Groza e Gustavo Di Donato Matheus.
Poesia erótica: um pouco de Múcio Teixeira
Authors: Teixeira Múcio
Published: December 2016

Poemas “Fanchonismo” e “O Cono”
Arena conta Tiradentes: dilemas estéticos e ideológicos do Teatro de Arena pós golpe de 1964
Authors: Klafke Mariana Figueiró
Published: December 2016

Arena conta Tiradentes, de Augusto Boal e Gianfrancesco Guarnieri, utiliza um levante político do período colonial para falar do momento de 1967, refletindo sobre o malogro das expectativas democráticas de inclusão popular que se viviam no Brasil dos anos 1950 e 1960, interrompidas pelo golpe de 1964 e pela ditadura que se instalaria a partir de então. Para o Teatro de Arena, grupo muito ligado à questão nacional-popular e que teve centralidade na produção cultural dos anos anteriores, lidando justamente com uma temática relativa à inclusão do povo no debate sobre os rumos do país, o golpe significou uma ruptura fundamental e exigiu uma revisão significativa dos horizontes ideológicos e estéticos. A partir de 1965, o Arena produziu uma série de musicais utilizando uma nova técnica, o Sistema Coringa, que procurou sintetizar sua trajetória estética e propor rumos para a nova situação política do país. Dentre esses musicais encontra-se Arena conta Tiradentes, objeto deste estudo. Por meio de uma leitura própria e da retomada dos principais estudos sobre a peça, procuramos refletir sobre os dilemas estéticos e ideológicos do grupono conturbado pós-64.
Autor e intérprete: a adaptação de Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma para o teatro
Authors: Moura Edilson Dias , Sousa Phabulo Mendes de
Published: December 2016

O presente ensaio procura fazer uma reflexão sobre a adaptação do romance Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, de Lima Barreto (1881-1922), para o teatro por Antunes Filho, segundo noções contemporâneas de arte e, em termos de gênero, sobre a teoria do riso carnavalesco por Bakhtin.
Martins Pena, um homem do teatro na crítica literária brasileira
Authors: Ribeiro Andréa Sannazzaro
Published: December 2016

Martins Pena teve uma vasta produção teatral no Brasil da primeira metade dos Oitocentos como autor de comédias, gênero considerado menor pela tradição desde a Poética de Aristóteles, que a caracterizava como “a imitação de homens inferiores”. Nesse contexto, levantamos a questão de que a importância de sua obra no panorama teatral brasileiro pode ter sofrido, de início, algum prejuízo – por parte de autores como Sílvio Romero e José Veríssimo. Colocamos, assim, em discussão a ausência, durante certo período, de uma historiografia teatral que permitisse separar a literatura das artes da cena, uma vez que Martins Pena, “um homem do teatro”, por possuir características marcantes voltadas especificamente à construção dramatúrgica da ação, teria sido posto em perspectiva diferenciada com relação a outros autores que se voltavam mais propriamente para a construção textual da cena.
Política e paternidade: a temática social encenada em família
Authors: Rosell Mariana
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo pretende compreender a contribuição de peças cuja ação dramática se centra em núcleos familiares para a reflexão política, econômica e social no contexto em que foram produzidas e encenadas. Analisando quatro obras, duas brasileiras e duas norte-americanas, intentamos observar as aproximações entre essas duas tradições dramatúrgicas e entender certa tendência da crítica especializada em esvaziar as peças de sua temática política em nome da psicologia individual dos personagens, configurando o que se pode chamar de política da crítica.
O sonho de Piotr
Authors: Fernandes Thiago
Published: December 2016

Texto de criação literária que possui gênese no processo criativo do espetáculo “Pequeno-burgueses: rapsódia em duas partes” (2014), no qual a Cia Bruta de Arte (SP) tomava o texto de Maksim Górki como ponto de partida.
Marcas de passagem
Authors: Oliveira Matheus Gabriel de Castro Freire
Published: December 2016

Texto de criação literária.
O estudo da dramaturgia brasileira no curso de Letras
Authors: Faria João Roberto
Published: December 2016

O artigo versa sobre as características do estudo da dramaturgia brasileira no curso de Letras - deve a dramaturgia brasileira ser estudada no curso de Letras, ao lado de poemas, contos e romances?
A hora e a vez de Iná Camargo Costa: a dramaturgia em cena
Authors: Caldas Juliana , Balista Lígia , Destri Luisa
Published: December 2016

Entrevista realizada pelas editoras do n. 8 da revista Opiniães com Iná Camargo Costa, professora aposentada do Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada da Universidade de São Paulo. Iná dedicou a vida acadêmica ao estudo da dramaturgia e do teatro, tornando-se referência para os estudos sobre Brecht e o teatro épico no Brasil.
A difusão da cidade em estorvo de Chico Buarque
Authors: Alencar João Rodrigues
Published: December 2016

Neste artigo buscamos explicitar as relações entre literatura e cidade em Estorvo (1991). Introduziremos o leitor às discussões sobre a formalização do espaço a partir de uma rápida análise de como ele é figurado junto ao desenvolvimento do enredo. Essa análise nos permitirá abordar o modo contraditório com que o ponto de vista do narrador lida com os diferentes materiais apresentados ao longo da narrativa. Selecionamos um trecho para, através de um estudo detalhado, mostrar como o espaço tem um papel fundamental na construção das cenas e de seus possíveis sentidos.
Memória e errância pela metrópole no romance O mendigo que sabia de cor os adágios de Erasmo de Rotterdam, de Evandro Affonso Ferreira
Authors: Azzi Júlia Nunes
Published: December 2016

O presente trabalho propõe-se a analisar o personagem do mendigo-narrador no livro O mendigo que sabia de cor os adágios de Erasmo de Rotterdam, de Evandro Affonso Ferreira, em sua relação com o espaço urbano. O mendigo, como um andarilho, percorre a cidade em errância, guiado pelas memórias da amada que o abandonou e que agora aparece como esperança de salvação em meio à miséria. Para além das lembranças que o espaço suscita no personagem, este também lança um olhar observador para a metrópole e para os marginalizados que a percorrem. Neste estudo, em um primeiro momento, procura-se analisar como a memória funciona de guia para o mendigo no espaço da cidade. Em um segundo momento, busca-se pensar as relações do personagem com a metrópole, sua errância e seu isolamento em face do outro. Por último, objetiva-se refletir sobre o modo como o personagem enxerga a si e aos outros marginalizados que observa. Como aporte teórico para este estudo são utilizados textos de Renato Cordeiro Gomes, Richard Sennett, Zygmunt Bauman, entre outros que auxiliam a elucidar as questões analisadas.
Literatura de testemunho: leituras comparadas de Primo Levi, Anne Frank, Immaculée Ilibagiza e Michel Laub
Authors: Maciel Carolina Pina Rodrigues
Published: December 2016

Na narrativa contemporânea, diversos temas e saberes constituem campos de reflexão essenciais à teoria literária. Este trabalho visa refletir sobre a questão da literatura de testemunho, relacionando esta temática às obras É isto um homem? (1988), de Primo Levi e O diário de Anne Frank (2015), a fim de traçar paralelos com os relatos testemunhais de Immaculéé Ilibagiza (2008), sobrevivente do holocausto ruandês e personagem de A maçã envenenada, de Michel Laub, de que também trataremos. Em nossa proposta, é essencial discutir o problema do testemunho na ficção do pós-guerra e sua relação com a literatura contemporânea, analisando também seu caráter memorialístico e alguns aspectos do que Márcio Seligmann-Silva chama de “escrita traumática”. Com o auxílio de um aparato teórico composto por críticos contemporâneos que abordam a noção de testemunho, estabeleceremos um breve estudo para essas questões urgentes e atuais da ficção contemporânea, especialmente, no caso dos quatro autores aqui privilegiados.
Projeto em interregno: reflexões sobre Brasília em poemas de João Cabral
Authors: Nuernberger Renan
Published: December 2016

presente artigo propõe uma análise do poema “Uma mineira em Brasília”, de João Cabral de Melo Neto, publicado em A educação pela pedra (1966), tendo em vista suas formulações sobre a então recém-inaugurada capital federal. Para tanto, recorreu-se às bases da poética do autor, sobretudo à analogia entre o trabalho do poeta e o do engenheiro, destacando a especificidade de sua configuração nesse poema. Além disso, tentou-se interpretar como a figura feminina se consolida nesse texto específico, o que, junto com outros elementos formais e temáticos, gera uma curiosa ressignificação de certo ideário crítico presente nos livros anteriores do mesmo autor. Por fim, abordou-se o tratamento de Brasília em outros poemas de Cabral a fim de confirmar as hipóteses interpretativas levantadas ao longo do artigo.