bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Balanço de Carbono – Viabilidade Econômica de Dois Sistemas Agroflorestais em Viçosa, MG
Authors: Castro Neto Fernando de , Jacovine Laércio Antônio Gonçalves , Torres Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto , Oliveira Neto Silvio Nolasco de , Castro Mateus Matos de , Villanova Paulo Henrique , Ferreira Giselle Lima
Published: August 2017

RESUMO A carência de estudos sobre o balanço de carbono e viabilidade econômica em sistemas agroflorestais (SAF) motivaram este estudo. Foram avaliados um sistema agrissilvipastoril (SASP) composto por eucalipto, feijão e capim braquiária e um sistema silvipastoril (SSP) composto por eucalipto e capim braquiária, ambos aos 3 anos de idade. Para estimar a biomassa do componente arbóreo foi utilizado o método indireto e para a gramínea, o direto. As emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) foram baseadas no guia de Inventários Nacionais de GEE. Foram calculados o Valor Presente Líquido (VPL) e a Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR). Os dois sistemas tiveram balanço de carbono positivo. No SASP, o VPL encontrado foi de R$ 388,77 e a TIR, de 21%, os resultados positivos ocorreram devido à receita gerada pela venda do feijão. No SSP, o VPL foi de - R$ 1.298,00 e a TIR, de -2%, considerando o corte das árvores aos 3 anos.
Tragédias brasileiras contemporâneas: o caso do rompimento da barragem de rejeitos de Fundão/Samarco
Authors: Lacaz Francisco Antonio de Castro , Porto Marcelo Firpo de Sousa , Pinheiro Tarcísio Márcio Magalhães
Published: August 2017

Resumo Introdução: o rompimento da barragem de rejeitos de Fundão, da empresa Samarco, ocorrido em 2015, em Minas Gerais, é considerado uma das grandes e graves tragédias socioambientais do Brasil. Objetivo: discutir o episódio do rompimento da barragem, seus danos e repercussões sobre os trabalhadores e a população atingida, assim como o papel do Estado na defesa dos interesses dessas populações. Método: ensaio baseado em relatórios elaborados por órgãos oficiais, grupos acadêmicos e movimentos sociais e em notícias veiculadas pela imprensa. Discussão: os documentos indicam incapacidade do Estado para exercer seu papel como agente controlador e fiscalizador de maneira efetiva e revelam a vulnerabilidade da população atingida, esmagada por um modelo de desenvolvimento que fragiliza a organização coletiva, a representatividade social e a capacidade política de fazer valer seus direitos. As apurações sobre as responsabilidades, as ações de indenização e as medidas de recuperação dos danos socioambientais, ocupacionais e sanitários poderão não atender de forma justa e satisfatória os interesses coletivos dos trabalhadores e seus familiares, assim como de toda a população atingida, apontando para a necessidade de um amplo processo de mobilização social para recuperar a dignidade e os direitos violados por essa grave tragédia.
Saneamento básico e saúde pública na Bacia Hidrográfica do Riacho Reginaldo em Maceió, Alagoas
Authors: Silva Suzana de Araújo , Gama José Aparecido da Silva , Callado Nélia Henriques , Souza Vladimir Caramori Borges de
Published: August 2017

RESUMO As bacias hidrográficas urbanas apresentam uma realidade muito complexa no que se refere à qualidade das águas, geralmente afetadas pela carência dos serviços de saneamento, com consequências diretas sobre a saúde da população. A bacia do riacho Reginaldo em Maceió, Alagoas, apresenta grande variação espacial nos padrões da prestação dos serviços de saneamento básico e, consequentemente, grande variação nos indicadores de salubridade ambiental que impactam na incidência de doenças de veiculação hídrica. Este trabalho buscou relacionar ocorrência e incidência de doenças de veiculação hídrica com o Índice de Salubridade Ambiental (ISA). O ISA utilizado baseia-se na ocorrência, magnitude e abrangência de alagamentos e na qualidade e abrangência da prestação dos serviços de abastecimento de água, esgotamento sanitário e coleta de resíduos sólidos. Os resultados indicam uma relação entre os indicadores que compõem o ISA e a incidência de doenças específicas (relacionadas a determinado componente do ISA), mas mostram também que a resolução espacial e a forma de obtenção dos indicadores primários afetam substancialmente os resultados. Os resultados mostram, também, que a forma de obtenção dos dados é determinante para permitir identificar com clareza qual é o componente do saneamento básico que mais interfere na ocorrência e incidência de determinada doença, bem como a sua abrangência espacial. Na área estudada, os maiores números de diagnoses recaem principalmente sobre dengue, hepatites e leptospirose, com incidência majoritária da dengue. Os resultados são apresentados em mapa, com divisão por setor censitário.
Aplicação de índices para avaliação da qualidade da água da Bacia Costeira do Sapucaia em Sergipe
Authors: Santos Rosa Cecília Lima , Lima Álvaro Silva , Cavalcanti Eliane Bezerra , Melo Cláudia Moura de , Marques Maria Nogueira
Published: August 2017

RESUMO A redução da disponibilidade qualiquantitativa da água no mundo está diretamente relacionada às formas de uso e ocupação do solo, aos processos produtivos da agricultura e da pecuária, ao processo de urbanização e à geração de efluentes domésticos e industriais. Por isso, é importante a realização de diagnósticos de bacias hidrográficas, sobre o uso e a ocupação de seu solo e sobre a qualidade da água como ferramenta para a gestão hídrica. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar e monitorar a qualidade da água da Bacia Costeira do Sapucaia, Sergipe. As coletas foram realizadas em oito pontos, com periodicidade trimestral, de agosto de 2014 a setembro de 2015. Na avaliação da qualidade da água foram utilizados: o Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA) e o Índice de Estado Trófico (IET). As análises das amostras foram realizadas de acordo com os procedimentos estabelecidos no Standard Methods, sendo analisados os seguintes parâmetros: coliformes totais e termotolerantes, turbidez, pH, oxigênio dissolvido, sólidos totais, fósforo total, nitrogênio total, temperatura, condutividade, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio e clorofila. Os resultados do IQA classificam os corpos d’água em aceitável (2,5%), bom (92,5%) e ótimo (5,0%). Os resultados do IET classificaram as amostras como: ultraoligotrófico (67,5%), oligotrófico (20,0%), mesotrófico (2,5%), eutrófico (7,5%) e supereutrófico (2,5%). Os resultados obtidos permitem afirmar que os rios Aningas, Sapucaia e a Lagoa Redonda apresentam baixo grau de degradação, com menor conservação do ponto amostral localizado no Rio Sapucaia, dentro da Reserva Santa Isabel, por ser uma área bastante visitada nos finais de semana e feriados.
Ghosts in the Adoption: Uncovering Parents' Attachment and Coping History
Authors: Buckwalter Karen Doyle , Reed Debbie , Mercer Danielle
Published: August 2017

Much has been written about the impact of trauma on adopted children, especially those adopted out of foster care or orphanage care. But what about trauma and/or attachment-related difficulties in the background of adoptive parents? The “state of mind with regard to attachment” (Main & Hesse, 2009) in parents makes a significant difference in parent–child relationships (van IJzendoorn, 1995), but this subject is rarely discussed compared to the trauma in adopted children. In this article, the Adult Attachment Interview (Main, Kaplan, & Cassidy 1985) is used to understand the history of adoptive parents and how it may impact the relationship with their adopted children. In addition to applying it during treatment with the family system, an unexpected benefit is the deepening of the therapeutic alliance with parents who are seeking help for their child as evidenced by clinician feedback.
Classifying Relational Permanence among Young Adults who Exited Foster Care through Legal Permanence as Adolescents
Authors: Pérez Alfred G.
Published: August 2017

The achievement of legal permanence is not only a primary goal of U.S. child welfare policy but is also presumed to translate into relational permanence. This study examines whether state-sanctioned permanence translates into relational permanence among foster care alumni. In-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 31 young adults who exited care as adolescents through adoption, guardianship, or relative placement to gain insights into how they make meaning of their relationships with caretakers over time. Constructivist grounded theory was used to develop a conceptual classification scheme of relational permanence that resulted in four types of young adult–caretaker relationships: enduring, ambivalent, spurned, and severed. Findings underscore the unintended consequences of solely focusing on legal permanence as an outcome, and implications for promoting relational permanence before and after foster care are discussed.
Crossrail project: finance, funding and value capture for London’s Elizabeth line
Authors: Buck Martin
Published: August 2017

The £14·8 billion Crossrail project to deliver the new Elizabeth line east–west railway across London is the UK’s largest transport project. Getting it into reality was only possible through an innovative programme of finance, funding and value capture, which saw London business and future passenger revenues contribute approximately two thirds of the cost. This paper sets out the experience and lessons learned from the funding structure established to enable the Crossrail project to proceed.
Twin-tunnelling-induced changes to clay stiffness
Authors: Divall S. , Goodey R. J. , Stallebrass S. E.
Published: August 2017

Tunnels used for transportation in urban environments are often constructed in pairs. Projects in which tunnels are constructed sequentially and within close proximity are referred to as ‘twin tunnelling’. Case studies and recent research indicate that the prediction of settlements for such schemes cannot be determined using existing simple methods derived from consideration of a single tunnel. To establish the reasons for the observed variation in settlements, a series of centrifuge tests was undertaken on various twin-tunnel arrangements in overconsolidated clay. The tests consisted of preformed cavities from which a specific quantity of supporting fluid could be drained, with precision, creating a predetermined magnitude of tunnelling volume loss. Data were obtained for surface and subsurface displacements, changes in pore-water pressure near the tunnels and the support pressure within the tunnels. The systematic use of cavity contraction models was found to be an informative method of explaining the observations. Use of an elastic–perfectly plastic cavity contraction model coupled with observations from the experiments enabled the shear stiffness of the clay around the tunnel to be described. Further analysis demonstrated a reduction in shear stiffness of the soil prior to and during the second tunnel excavation, explaining the increase in volume loss observed in that event.
Modelos de Cuidados en Escuelas de Formación de Enfermería en la Región Caribe
Authors: Lastre Amell Gloria , Gaviria Garc Gladys
Published: August 2017

Introducción: En los últimos 50 años, los modelos de cuidados en enfermería desde las escuelas de formación se han convertido en tema importante, incitando al desarrollo notable y a la expansión de la formación y la descripción de la disciplina. Objetivo: Caracterizar los modelos de cuidados en enfermería a nivel epistemológico, en búsqueda de una identidad regional acorde con los paradigmas en enfermería. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo en 158 profesionales de los programas de enfermería de las diferentes universidades de la región Caribe. El instrumento de evaluación fue diseñado por las autoras con base en los postulados de María Mercedes Duran de Villalobos (9). Para el procesamiento de datos, se utilizó el programa SPSS, versión 17. Resultados: El 40% de los docentes de enfermería reveló que la institución universitaria donde laboran no tiene un modelo y teoría para la enseñanza, pero el 58% manifestó que sí. De éstos, el 37% identificó la teoría del Autocuidado; el 11%, la del Entorno; el 8%, la Transcultural; y el 2%, la de Seres Unitarios. Además, el 89% de los profesionales identificó la relación de los modelos y teorías en la enseñanza y práctica de enfermería. Conclusión: El estudio evidenció que los profesionales identificaron la relación en la enseñanza y la práctica de enfermería y la definición de los modelos y teorías. Los modelos están establecidos en el micro-currículo de las universidades, lo cual es de gran importancia en la formación de los profesionales desde el contexto disciplinar.ABSTRACTIntroduction: In the last 50 years, nursing care models in training schools have become an important issue, prompting remarkable development and expansion of the training and description of the discipline. Objective: To epistemologically characterize the nursing care models, in search of a regional identity in accordance with nursing paradigms. Materials and methods: Descriptive study on 158 professionals from different universities of the Caribbean region nursing programs. The assessment tool was designed by the authors based on the postulates of Maria Mercedes Villalobos. For data processing, the program SPSS version 17 was used. Results: 40% of the nursing professors claimed that the university where they worked did not have a model and theory for teaching, but 58% stated the opposite. These identified the following theories: of Self-Care (37%); the Environment (11%); Cross-cultural theory (8%); and Unitary Beings (2%). In addition, 89% of the professionals identified the relationship between models and theories and the teaching and practice of nursing. Conclusion: The study proved that the professionals identified the relationship between the teaching and practice of nursing and the definition of the models and theories. The models are established in the micro-curriculum of universities, which is of great importance to the training of nursing professionals within a disciplinary context.
Conocimiento sobre el Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas en Estudiantes de Enfermería
Authors: Lastre Amell Gloria , Gaviria Garc Gladys , Arrieta Reales Nancy
Published: August 2017

Introducción: Las sustancias psicoactivas son capaces de alterar el organismo y ejercen su acción sobre la conducta, percepción y conciencia de los individuos. El consumo excesivo, persistente y periódico de las mismas se define como dependencia. El conocimiento de tales sustancias y de la dependencia resulta fundamental para las personas y, en particular, para los jóvenes. Objetivo: Identificar el conocimiento que poseen los estudiantes de enfermería de una institución privada respecto a las sustancias psicoactivas lícitas e ilícitas (SPA). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo en 220 estudiantes representativos de todos los grados del programa de enfermería referido. Para ello, se utilizó un muestreo aleatorio simple, y a los seleccionados seles aplicóun instrumento que evaluó edad, sexo, conocimientos, órganos afectados y sustancias perjudiciales. Resultados: El 81% de los estudiantes era de sexo femenino, y sus edades comprendían entre 17 y 21 años.El 99,6% consideró que el consumo de sustancias psicoactivasson perjudiciales, en tanto que el 95% estimó que el cerebro es el órgano más afectado por el consumo. El 9,5% consideró que el alcohol no es una droga depresora, y el 18% afirmó que tampoco la heroína lo es. Las benzodiacepinas constituyen la sustancia que en mayor proporción (83%) fue seleccionada como estimulante. Sólo el 26% considera que el LCD es una sustancia alucinante. Conclusión: Los estudiantes reconocen las sustancias psicoactivas como perjudiciales para la salud, pero pocos muestran conocimientos sobre su clasificación. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Psychoactive substances have the potential to alter the body and they act on the behavior, perception and consciousness of individuals. Their excessive, persistent and periodical use is defined as dependence. Awareness of these substances and dependence on them is essential for people and, in particular, for the youth. Objective: To identify the level of awareness of legal and illegal psychoactive substances (PASs) among nursing students of a private institution. Materials and Methods: A quantitative study was carried out on 220 students representing each level of the nursing program mentioned. To achieve this, a simple random sample was used, and an instrument was given to the selected students which assessed age, sex, knowledge, affected organs and harmful substances. Results: 81% of the students were females between the ages of 17 and 21 years. 99.6% considered that the use of psychoactive substances is harmful, as 95% estimated that the brain is the most affected organ. 9.5% thought that alcohol was not a depressant drug, and 18% stated the same about heroin. Benzodiazepine was the substance which in large part (83%) was chosen as a stimulant. Only 26% thought that LCD was a hallucinatory substance. Conclusion: The students recognized psychoactive substances as harmful to health, but few showed knowledge of its classification.
Autopercepción de Salud y Envejecimiento
Authors: Garc Floralinda
Published: August 2017

El aumento de la esperanza de vida ha producido en las últimas décadas un importante crecimiento de la población adulta mayor, estimándose que en el año 2050 casi un tercio de la población mundial estará compuesta por personas mayores de 65 años. Se pretende revisar desde diferentes puntos de vista los múltiples factores que influyen en la autopercepción de salud de los adultos mayores. Se seleccionaron y revisaron artículos científicos publicados en las bases de datos LILACS, SCIELO, OVID, EBSCO, REDALYC, HINARI y SCIENCE DIRECT, sobre la autopercepcion de salud y envejecimiento. En la estrategia de búsqueda, se incluyeron las palabras clave “envejecimiento y salud”, “autopercepcion de salud”, “redes sociales y envejecimiento”, entre otros. El proceso de envejecimiento se plantea como un proceso dinámico, no sólo a nivel individual sino también a nivel histórico-social. Se trata de un proceso que determina grandes cambios en la sociedad y frente a los cuales es necesario intervenir, a través de una política integral que ampare los derechos del adulto mayor y promueva una actitud social positiva, así como una autoercepción activa, autónoma, responsable e independiente. ABSTRACTThe increase in life expectancy has occurred in recent decades a significant increase in the older population, it is estimated that in 2050 nearly one third of the global population will consist of people over 65 years. Intends to review the multiple factors that influences the self-perception of health of older adults from different starting points. Were selected and reviewed scientific articles published in LILACS, SCIELO, OVID, EBSCO, REDALYC, HINARI y SCIENCE DIRECT databases on the subject of self-perception of health and aging. The search strategy included keywords "aging and health", "self-perception of health", "social networks and aging", among others. The aging process is a dynamic process, not only individually but also in a historical-social sense, a process that determines large changes in society and against which it will be necessary to intervene through the creation of a comprehensive policy that covers the rights of older persons and promote positive social attitudes and active, autonomous, responsible and independent self-perceptions.
Conocimientos y Prácticas sobre el Autoexamen Mamario en Mujeres de Cartagena De Indias (Bol. – Col)
Authors: Del Toro Rubio Moraima , Peinado Valencia Lindsay , D Anderson
Published: August 2017

Introducción: El cáncer de mama es una enfermedad común en los países desarrollados, donde una o dos de cada 20 mujeres lo adquieren en el transcurso de la vida, y aunque en los países en desarrollo existe un riesgo más bajo, la incidencia muestra una tendencia ascendente. Objetivo: Identificar el conocimiento y prácticas de las mujeres cartageneras (departamento de Bolívar, Colombia) respecto al autoexamen mamario. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, a partir de un muestreo aleatorio, constituido por 305 mujeres mayores de 20 años. Se analizó el nivel de conocimiento y prácticas de las mujeres con relación al autoexamen de mama, así como el modo y la periodicidad con la que se lo realizan. Resultados: Se encontró que el 33.8% de las participantes conocen acerca del autoexamen de mama, mientras que un 67.2% lo desconocen. Conclusión: El autoexamen de mama es un método esencial para diagnosticar tempranamente el cáncer mamario. 95,7% de las mujeres participantes en el estudio refieren que es importante la realización del autoexamen, pero en un 33.8% de ellas existe un desconocimiento con relación a la técnica e importancia del mismo.ABSTRACTIntroduction: Throughout their lives, 1-2 of 20 women acquired breast cancer, which is a common illness in developed countries. Objective: To identify the women’s knowledge and practices in relation with a breast self-exam. Materials and Methods: Study: Descriptive cross-sectional. Sample of 305 women older than 20 years. Knowledge and practices corresponding to the breast self-exam were analyzed in relation with the way and the frequency the breast exam was done. Results: the knowledge about breast self-exams were: 33.8% knew about it, but 67.2% did not know. Conclusions: In order to diagnose breast cancer early, the breast self-exam is an important method. 95.7% women say that the breast self-exam is important but it’s clear that there is a lack of knowledge within 33.8% of women in relation to its technique and importance.
Comportamiento de las Crisis Hipertensivas en un Grupo de Pacientes Hipertensos
Authors: Vald Osvaldo , Ch Ernesto , Torres Barrera Francisco M.
Published: August 2017

Introducción: La Hipertensión Arterial (HTA) está considerada uno de los problemas de salud más significativos en la actualidad, por considerarse el principal factor de riesgo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de las crisis hipertensivas en el grupo de pacientes estudiados. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio longitudinal prospectivo en 130 pacientes adultos hipertensos, pertenecientes a la población de un consultorio médico de un área de salud de un municipio capitalino, en un período de dos años. La información se recogió a través de la historia clínica del área de salud, interrogatorio, examen físico, exámenes complementarios de laboratorio clínico y el seguimiento en consultas médicas. Resultados: Los factores de riesgo que prevalecieron fueron el sedentarismo y el consumo de sal. Asimismo, las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron la Diabetes Mellitus, la obesidad y las Hiperlipidemias. Conclusión: Los pacientes hipertensos con malos estilos de vida y enfermedades concomitantes son más propensos a padecer crisis hipertensivas como complicación de la HTA, que el resto de la población no hipertensa.ABSTRACTIntroduction: The Arterial Hypertension (HTA) it is at the present time one of the most important problems of health to be the main risk factor of the cardiovascular and cerebrovasculares illnesses. Objective: To describe the behavior of the crisis in the Group of studied patients. Materials and Methods: It was carried out a prospective longitudinal study in 130 adulth hypertensions patients, belonging to the population of a medical clinic of an area of health of a municipality of the capital, in a two year-old period, the information was picked up through the clinical history, interrogation, physical exam, complementary exams of clinical laboratory and pursuit in consultations doctors. Results: The risk factors that prevailed were sedentarism and ingestion of sal. Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity and Hiperlipidemia were the most comorbility. Conclusion: The hypertensive patients with bad lifestyle and concomitant illnesses are prone to suffer hypertensive crises as complication of the HTA.
Retos de la Investigación en Sistemas y Servicios de Salud
Authors: Martinez Trujillo Nelcy
Published: August 2017

La investigación en sistemas y servicios de salud tiene como principales objetivos contribuir a la toma de decisiones y a la definición de políticas para mejorar la eficiencia y la efectividad de los sistemas de salud. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y documental con el objetivo de exponer algunos de los retos que enfrenta este campo investigativo para cumplir con sus propósitos. Además, se analizaron algunas propuestas para vencer estos retos. La asunción de la investigación en sistemas y servicios de salud como un campo científico esencial en todos los sistemas de salud, el desarrollo de capacidades para su realización y la constitución de una comunidad científica son algunas de las propuestas que pueden incidir de manera positiva en el alcance de las metas para mejorar los sistemas de salud.ABSTRACTThe research in health care systems and services aims to add to the improvement of such and to add in the decision making process its efficiency and effectiveness. A bibliographical and documentary review with the objective of exposing some of the challenges faced in this area of research was made. With the assumption of healthcare systems and services as a scientific field, essential in Healthcare Systems, the developments of its potential realization and its interactivity with the scientif community are some of the proposals which could avail a reach of the objectives to improve Healthcare Systems.
Manejo de los Datos y la Información Mediante las Tecnologías XQUERY, XML Y XSL
Authors: Calabria Juan Carlos , Pico Amparo , Thomas Fidel
Published: August 2017

En este documento se describe el uso de las tecnologías de la información en caso particular de aquellas que trabajan con la información y los datos. El metalenguaje XML se está convirtiendo en la base para la construcción de la gran mayoría de las aplicaciones y documentos, el XSL es parte de XSLT su propósito es, organizar la estructura de un documento XML haciendo que las personas y maquinas puedan entenderlos fácilmente. Estas tecnologías nacen para unificar la forma en que las aplicaciones manejan los datos y la información tanto propios, como su comunicación con otras aplicaciones sean o no similares.Ya que en la actualidad los actores más relevantes en las organizaciones son los datos e información por este modo este tipo de tecnologías serán las que mandarán la parada en los sistemas de datos de las actuales y nuevas organizaciones, siendo así las más usadas por su potencialidad, procesamiento, agilidad entre muchas otras características. Cabe aclarar que estas tecnologías en día son un avance muy importante para la gestión de los datos y su presentación con un costo reducido y con las ventajas de lograr resultados en corto plazo. De igual forma, el artículo describe la importancia del manejo de la información para los gestores de información, archivistas e ingenieros. AbstractIn this document there is described the use of the technologies of the information in particular case of those that work with the information and the information. The metalanguage XML is turning into the base for the construction of the great majority of the applications and documents, the XSL is A XSL's part his intention is, to organize the structure of a document XML doing that the persons and you scheme could understand them easily. These technologies are born to unify the form in which the applications handle the information and the information so much own, as his communication with other applications be or not similar. Since at present the most relevant actors in the organizations are the information and information for this way this type of technologies will be those that will order the stop in the systems of information of the current and new organizations, being like that most used by his potential, processing, agility between many other characteristics. It is necessary to clarify that these technologies in day are a very important advance for the management of the information and his presentation with a limited cost and with the advantages of achieving results in short term. Of equal form, the article describes the importance of the managing of the information for the managers of information, archivists and engineers.
Library on Crowd Behavior for Agents Treatment on Videogames
Authors: Proenza M. , Proenza Y.
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper covers the investigation process and further design and implementation of a library on crowd behaviors for videogames. Three methods were studied in order to pick up one of them, resulting to be Steering Behaviors method the one selected to be adopted. The library supports simulations with a large number of moving agents. It also copes with polygonal obstacles avoidance. Additionally, simulations can be adapted to many contexts by tuning some parameters. The library consists of an original design mostly based on Command Pattern that allows it to be easily usable and extendable. ResumenEste documento cubre el proceso de investigación y el diseño e implementación de una biblioteca en los comportamientos de multitud de videojuegos. Tres métodos fueron estudiados con el fin de recoger a uno de ellos, el resultado es el método de dirección Comportamientos que se ha seleccionado para su adopción. La biblioteca admite simulaciones con un gran número de agentes móviles. También hace frente a la evitación obstáculos poligonales. Además, las simulaciones se pueden adaptar a diferentes contextos mediante la regulación de algunos parámetros. La biblioteca consta de un diseño original basado principalmente en modelo de comandos que permite que sea fácilmente utilizable y extensible.
Aeropuerto Internacional De La Ciudad De México “Benito Juárez”: Revisión Histórica De Un Problema Recurrente De Saturación
Authors: Mendoza Dorantes Edgar Eglón , Zúñiga Alcaraz Catya , Martínez Flores José Luis
Published: August 2017

El presente trabajo realiza una revisión histórica de los sucesos claves en el congestionamiento que el Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México “Benito Juárez” ha enfrentado a lo largo de sus más de 60 años de historia. Se analiza el problema actual de saturación que atraviesa el aeropuerto más importante de México con el objetivo de obtener bases sólidas para un estudio detallado de estos factores claves y las posibles soluciones que podrían aliviar dicho congestionamiento. AbstractThis paper takes a historical review of the key events in the congestion that the International Airport of Mexico City "Benito Juarez" has faced throughout its 60 year history. The saturation current problem facing the busiest airport in Mexico in order to obtain a solid foundation for a detailed study of these key factors and possible solutions that could relieve this congestion is analyzed.
Eliminación De Irregularidades Dimensionales De Láminas Trabajadas En Frío Mediante Tensionivelado
Authors: González Coneo Jorge Enrique , Pedraza Yepes Cristian Antonio
Published: August 2017

El tensionivelado es un proceso de deformación plástica aplicado principalmente a láminas de acero que presentan irregularidades en su forma final debido a la aplicación del trabajo en frio. Este proceso busca producir una nueva distribución de esfuerzos internos uniformes y una deformación controlada mediante la aplicación de fuerzas y momentos de flexión inversa sobre el material. Este proceso se realiza para eliminar un gran número de defectos de forma que pueden presentarse sobre la lámina y puede llevarse a cabo mediante la flexión alternada de la lámina con o sin la aplicación de una tensión externa adicional, pero la presencia de esta aumenta la efectividad del proceso y el rango de espesores que se pueden trabajar. El proceso de tensionivelado puede abordarse mediante el uso de métodos numéricos, el diseño experimental y por métodos analíticos. AbstractThe tensionlevelling is a process of plastic deformation applied principally to sheet of steel that present irregularities in his final form due to the application of Cold Work. This process find to produce a new uniform distribution of internal Stress and a controlled deformation by means of the application of forces and inverse bending moments on the material. This process is made to eliminate a great number of defects so that they can appear on the sheet of metal and can be carried out by means of the alternate bending of the sheet with or without the application of an additional external tension, but the presence of this increases to the effectiveness of the process and the rank of thicknesses that can be worked. The Tension leveling process can be approached by means of the use of numerical methods, the experimental design and by analytical methods.
Algoritmos Basicos Para La Multiplicacion De Puntos En Una Curva Eliptica
Authors: Villanueva Polanco Ricardo
Published: August 2017

La criptografía de curva elíptica fue introducida por Neal Koblitz y Víctor Miller en el año de 1985. La razón por la cual es atractiva, es que no se conocen algoritmos eficientes para resolver el problema del logaritmo discreto. Es muy importante además, que se mejoren los tiempos de ejecución de los algoritmos usados para la implementación de las curvas elípticas. Por consiguiente, en este artículo se describen algoritmos básicos para la multiplicación de puntos en una curva elíptica. A medida que se avanza en la lectura, se detallan técnicas más eficientes y se brindan ciertas recomendaciones para la implementación eficiente de estos métodos con parámetros reales. AbstractElliptic Curve Cryptography was introduced by Neal Koblitz and Victor Miller in 1985. The reason why is so attractive is that there is no known efficient algorithm to solve the logarithm problem. Is very important to improve the running time of the algorithms used for elliptic curve implementation. Therefore, in this article are described the basic algorithms for point multiplication in an elliptic curve. As the reading progresses, improved techniques are introduced and information is provided to know how to efficiently implement these methods with real parameter.
Diseño de un Modelo de Operación para Ruteo de Transporte Urbano Basado en Simulación Discreta
Authors: Riquelme Pedro , Gatica Gustavo , Orozco Erick
Published: August 2017

Las grandes ciudades enfrentan una movilidad caótica producto del incremento del parque automotor, ocasionada por la falta planeación ante los nuevos sistemas de transporte. Un sistema de transporte ideal no se caracteriza por utilizar la totalidad de su capacidad en un único recorrido; sino por la disminución del uso de vehículos particulares. La participación de los Sistemas de Transporte Inteligente lo ha incrementado (Transantiago en Chile, y Transmetro en Barranquilla), aunque su implementación no garantiza el éxito en su operación; la sostenibilidad de las medianas y pequeñas empresas de transporte público pueden verse afectada. Por lo anterior, se propone de un modelo de simulación para una empresa de transporte de Barranquilla, Colombia, se determinan los aspectos internos y externos que pueden afectar al sistema, para determinar una solución subóptima, que permita mitigar el impacto social y financiero de la empresa en su entorno, se utilizan datos históricos-operacionales proporcionados por una empresa del rubro, así como un modelo de operación preliminar.AbstractThe Big cities face a chaotic mobility due to the increase of the fleet, caused by lack planning to new transport systems. An ideal transport system is not characterized by full use of its capacity in a single journey; but by reducing the use of private vehicles. The participation of Intelligent Transportation Systems has increased (Transantiago in Chile, and Transmetro in Barranquilla), but its implementation does not guarantee success in its operation; the sustainability of small and medium enterprises public transport may be affected. Therefore, it is proposed a simulation model for a transport company of Barranquilla, Colombia, internal and external aspects that can affect the system are determined, to determine an optimal solution that allows mitigate the social and financial impact of the company in its environment, historical and operational data provided by a company for the category as well as a preliminary operation model are used.
Propuesta de un Método para la Aplicación de un Modelo de Simulación Basada en Agentes del Sistema Regional de Innovación
Authors: Embuz E , Fernández-Ledesma J D
Published: August 2017

Este artículo propone un método que permite aplicar de forma práctica, precisa y efectiva un Modelo de Simulación Basado en Agentes del Sistema Regional de Innovación (SRI), el cual ha sido desarrollado dentro del Proyecto “Análisis de la Estructura, relaciones y dinámicas de agentes de los Sistemas Regionales de Innovación” liderado por los Grupos de Investigación GISAI y GTI pertenecientes a la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana sede Medellín. Esta propuesta de método está centrada en una revisión de las necesidades más relevantes de los Sistemas Regionales de Innovación y cómo éstas deben ser suplidas paso a paso a través de la estructura del Modelo de Simulación en su aplicación. AbstractThis paper describes a method of applying a simulation model based on Agents of Regional Innovation System (SRI), which has beendeveloped within the project "Analysis of the structure, relationships and dynamics of agents of the Regional Systems described innovation"led by GISAI Research Groups and belonging to the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana in Medellín GTI. This proposed method is focusedon a review of the most important needs of the Regional Innovation Systems and how they should be met step by step through the structure of the simulation model in its application.
Efectos de la Comunicación en una Red Ad-Hoc
Authors: Zurbarán Mayra
Published: August 2017

Las redes Ad-hoc es una revolución que trae beneficios a la comunidad debido a su arquitectura descentralizada y que facilita que muchos dispositivos puedan comunicarse entre sí, sin importar que sean móviles.   En este artículo se presenta los resultados de los efectos de comunicación en una red ad hoc, la simulación fue dividida en dos escenarios, en el primer escenario se compone de dos nodos los cuales se separan provocando adrede la pérdida de la señal y en el segundo escenario se establece que un  nodo falle para estudiar su comportamiento.  AbstractThe Ad-hoc networks is a revolution that benefits the community because of its decentralized architecture that facilitates many devices to communicate with each other, regardless whether they are mobile. This article presents the results of the effects of communication is presented in an ad hoc network, the simulation was divided into two stages, the first stage consists of two nodes which are separated deliberately causing the loss of signal and the second scenario provides that a node fails to study their behavior.
Evaluación de impacto ambiental en la mina artesanal de arcilla, Santa Cruz en el municipio de Manaure, la Guajira
Authors: López Juvinao Danny Daniel , Salazar Morrón Mirley Milena
Published: August 2017

El presente trabajo de investigación se fundamenta en la evaluación de los impactos generados por la extracción de arcilla en la mina Santa Cruz (Manaure, La Guajira). El trabajo se realizó mediante la descripción y análisis de los impactos ambientales, socioculturales y económicos registrados a partir de visitas técnicas, entrevistas, encuestas y observaciones; posteriormente, todas estas técnicas fueron evaluadas a través de métodos cuantitativos como lista de chequeo, diagrama de redes, matriz de Leopold y matriz de valoración; relacionándolas con cada una de las actividades desarrolladas en las etapas del proyecto minero. La finalidad del trabajo consistió en generar un plan de manejo ambiental; en el que se contemplen medidas como: prevenir, mitigar, corregir o compensar las afectaciones a los recursos naturales intervenidos por la minería.
La representación simbólica de la responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE): el Caso Santa Marta
Authors: Jiménez Sierra Devinso , Pérez Suescún Leonardo
Published: August 2017

El artículo analiza la representación simbólica respecto al concepto  de Responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE). El enfoque teórico se realiza desde la perspectiva del signo en C. Peirce y su desarrollo del símbolo, apoyado en la teoría de las funciones del lenguaje de Karl Buhler; función expresiva, función apelativa  y función representativa, adherido a la proposición de la función argumentativa de K. Popper. El artículo se apoya, además,  en la conceptualización de la empresa moderna que hace Adela Cortina como una institución económica de incidencia social, en donde se desarrolla una actividad peculiar direccionada desde un horizonte misional formal o no formal con capacidad gerencial  y toma de decisiones. Estás asimetrías conceptuales se toman para  mostrar el reduccionismo recurrente del  concepto de RSE enmarcado solo desde sus dimensiones y no tomado como un proceso holístico que involucre todos los grupos de interés asociados a una organización.
Analysis of inpatient care for HIV-positive patients with malignant lymphomas and hepatitis over 5 years (2011—2015) at the A.S.Loginov Moscow Clinical Research Center, Moscow Healthcare Department
Authors: Pivnik A V , Tumanova M V , Chistyakova A V , Dudina G A , Dubnitskaya M G , Mukhin O V , Sergeeva E P
Published: August 2017

The authors give their own data in the first Russian publication on 170 patients with lymphomas and hepatitis concurrent with HIV infection, on the distribution of therapy regimens by nosological entities and the number of deaths. Conventional protocols and programs were used for diagnosis and treatment. All the patients received highly active antiretroviral therapy. Lymphoma was treated according to the conventional programs using rituximab in people without hepatitis B. Aggressive lymphomas, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and plasmablastic lymphoma, were identified in most patients. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is the matter of a separate study; it differs in its pathogenesis from other lymphomas. The rate of coinfection with hepatitis was high in the entire group of patients with lymphomas. The major prognostic indicators included low CD4 T-cell counts (less than 50), stage IVB lymphoma, and hepatitis. Complete remissions were achieved in 40% of patients. Forty-one (24%) patients died.
Leukemization of follicular lymphoma: The features of diagnostic and clinical course of a rare form of the disease
Authors: Nesterova E S , Kravchenko S K , Mangasarova Ya K , Plastinina L V , Dvirnyk V N , Kovrigina A M , Shchupletsova I A , Obukhova T N , Gemdzhian E G , Vorobyev I A , Vorobyev A I
Published: August 2017

Aim. To characterize a group of patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) with leukemization and to evaluate the efficiency of different therapy options (R-CHOP/R-FMC/high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT)). Subjects and methods. 18 (7.2%) out of 250 patients diagnosed with FL, who were examined and treated at the National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, were found to have leukemic FL (tumor cells in the peripheral blood smears were detected by cytology and flow cytofluorometry. Eight of the 18 patients had extranodal foci of involvement: lung, stomach, spleen, lumbar muscles, upper jaw, and vertebrae. Bone marrow was involved in 17 of the 18 patients. Tumor biopsy specimens displayed a morphological pattern of indolent FL in the majority of patients (10 of the 18 patients had cytological grade 1—2 tumors and 14 patients had a nodular or nodular-diffuse tumor growth pattern). The patients underwent R-CHOP/R-FMC) or HDCT cycles as first-line therapy, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT). Results. The median follow-up was 66 months (range 12—217 months). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 70% (10% SEM) and 35% (15% SEM), respectively. The median OS was not reached; the median PFS was 3 years. Conclusion. Leukemic FL is characterized by low OS and PFS rates. The most effective chemotherapy regimens were R-CHOP, followed by HDCT and auto-SCT in first remission or R-FMC. These cycles can to a greater extent achieve a complete eradication of the bone marrow tumor clone. Due to the relapsing course of FL and the aggressiveness of leukemic FL, it is expedient to carry out auto-SCT in first remission.
Use of crizotinib for refractory ALK-positive lymphomas
Authors: Shelikhova L N , Fominykh V V , Abramov D S , Myakova N V , Maschan M A , Maschan A A
Published: August 2017

Aim. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of crizotinib used in pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory ALK-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL). Subjects and methods. The paper describes the experience with crizotinib used in 8 patients with refractory ALK-ALCL before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Results. All the 8 (100%) patients treated with crizotinib were recorded to have complete responses, including complete metabolic ones (tumor disappearance as evidenced by positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography. Conclusion. Low and manageable toxicity of crizotinib and complete PET-negative responses in patients with resistant ALK lymphomas favor the need to test the drug as first-line therapy, by possibly decreasing the intensification of chemotherapy.
EBV-positive central nervous system lymphoproliferative disease associated with immunosuppression after organ transplantation: Long-term remission without chemotherapy
Authors: Gavrilina O A , Troitskaya V V , Zvonkov E E , Parovichnikova E N , Galstyan G M , Biryukova L S , Nesterenko I V , Kovrigina A M , Bazhenov A V , Savchenko V G , Savchenko V G
Published: August 2017

Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas account for 13-20% of the posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) and rank among the most aggressive conditions. Reduction of immunosuppressive therapy should be mandatory to treat PTLD, but this is rarely used as the only therapy option. Chemotherapy regimens for PTLD involving the CNS most commonly include high-dose rituximab and high-dose methotrexate and/or cytarabine. The efficiency only of discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy for PTLD does not exceed 5—10%, but there are no literature data on its efficiency for PTLD involving the CNS. The paper describes a clinical case of achieving long-term remission in a female patient with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the central nervous system, associated with immunosuppression after kidney transplantation from a related donor, in the absence of chemotherapy during immunosuppressive therapy discontinuation and transplantectomy.
Thrombotic events in patients with hemophilia
Authors: Galstyan G M , Polevodova O A , Gavrish A Yu , Polyanskaya T Yu , Zorenko V Yu , Sampiev M S , Biryukova L S , Model S V , Gorgidze L A , Savchenko V G
Published: August 2017

The paper describes 4 clinical cases of thrombotic events (pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombophlebitis, acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke) that have occurred in patients with hemophilia. It discusses the possible causes of their development and methods for their prevention and treatment. Controlled natural hypocoagulation, in which the dose of an administered deficient factor decreases to such an extent that in order to maintain the safe level of hypocoagulation (plasma factor activity is 15—20%; activated partial thromboplastin time is 1.5—2 times normal values), is proposed as one of the treatment options.