bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study and evaluation antioxidant activity of dietary supplements with green tea extract
Authors: Maslov O. Yu. , Kolisnyk S. V. , Komisarenko M. A. , Altukhov A. A. , Dynnyk K. V. , Stepanenko V. I.
Published: October 2021

The aim of the work is to determine and evaluate the antioxidant activity of dietary supplements with green tea extract, as well as to introduce conditional terms of the level of AOA.
Materials and methods. The object of the study was dietary supplements of different manufactures: “Green Tea Extract” of Natural Sources, USA (DS1), “Extract of green tea” of Elit-Pharm, Ukraine (DS2) and “Green tea” of Pharmakom, Ukraine (DS3). Potentiometric measurements were conducted by pH meter Hanna 2550 (Germany) with a combined platinum electrode EZDO 5010. Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate ˃98.0 % (Sigma Aldrich), K3[Fe(CN)6], K4[Fe(CN)6], NaHPO4, KH2PO4 were analytical grade.
Results. It was established that a value of the antioxidant activity of DS1 was 36.51 mmol/tab, DS2 – 29.78 mmol/tab, and DS3 – 16.67 mmol/tab. DS1 had the highest value of the antioxidant activity, which correlated with the content of catechins (r2 = 0.9314). According to the proposed conditional terms of antioxidant activity dietary supplements, DS1 and DS2 possessed a low level of antioxidant activity, whereas DS3 corresponded to very low level of antioxidant activity.
Conclusions. It was found that the studied dietary supplements with green tea extract have antioxidant activity, which correlates with the content of catechins.
Multilingualism as the Constitutional Principle of the Equality of Languages in European Union Law
Authors: Waśniewska Ewa
Published: October 2021

Multilingualism is a constitutional principle of European Union law. This principle is manifested in the recognition of the equality of all the official languages and Member States. At the beginning of the 1950s, the European Community addressed linguistic equality issues by providing multilingualism protocols and Regulation 1/58. Access for citizens to legislation in every official language of the European Union is a phenomenon on an international scale. The institutions of the European Union establish their own language regimes and apply various practices adapted to the specifics of the functions they perform. The purpose of this article is to analyze and assess the impact of multilingualism as a constitutional principle of European Law.
Operations and improvement needs in the informal charcoal sector: a participatory value stream analysis
Authors: Roos A. , Mutta D. , Larwanou M. , Wekesa C. , Kowero G.
Published: October 2021

Developing profitable and sustainable charcoal supply chains in Sub-Saharan Africa requires good knowledge about their properties, input needs and impacts. Charcoal supply chains in Taita Taveta and Kwale counties, Kenya, were analysed to identify operational and sustainability improvement
opportunities. Using operations man agement, lean engineering and participatory research, charcoal value streams' processes, resources, and outcomes were analysed. Charcoal production and trade have low entry barriers, slow-paced innovation, and thin profit margins for value chain actors.
Production is labour intensive, and the actors need specific skills, knowhow, and resources for proper business performance. The value chain's profitability and sustainability can be improved by regenerating exploited quality tree species, improving operation efficiency and safety, promoting
market development, and appropriate policies on charcoal production and trade. The study's findings can guide the development of enabling policies and regulatory frameworks for the charcoal industry and improve the actors' performance in the charcoal value chain.
The Fast Track Land Reform Programme and its effect on the loss of forests: the case of the Mafungabusi Forest Reserve in Zimbabwe
Authors: Musananguro M. , Ali F. , Mlambo R. , Masarira T.P.
Published: October 2021

Land reform in Zimbabwe, commonly known as the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP), was established in early 2000. Since the inception of the FTRLP, loss of forests and biodiversity has been on the rise. In this paper, an analysis of the rate of forest loss pre-FTLRP, during and
post-FTLRP to date (1995–2019) is presented for the Mafungabusi Forest Reserve. Data were collected from semi-structured questionnaires, interviews, satellite imagery and fieldwork. Land Cover, Land-Use Change Maps were obtained from supervised classification of satellite imagery and
regression graphs for the rate of change of forest area were also obtained. Results show that the forested areas decreased at a rate of 308 ha per year (2.4%) during the FTLRP and at a rate of 481 ha per year (5.2%) post FTLRP. The inception of FTLRP and the withdrawal of funds to support
the Community Involvement in Forest Management (CIFM) resulted in forest loss as the population grew and demand for land increased. Given the current rate of forest loss, the Mafungabusi Forest will probably disappear in the next 20 years if no measures are taken to reduce the rate of forest
loss. Thus, there is need for the Zimbabwe Forestry Commission, Environmental Management Agency and other relevant stakeholders to engage resettled farmers in sustainable co-management of natural resources. Such efforts will help in combating effects of climate change and conserving biodiversity.
From European forestry strategies to implementing local policies: a study on public forest workers in the Tuscany region of Italy
Authors: Fagarazzi C. , Sergiacomi C. , Marone E.
Published: October 2021

Even though forests represent almost half of the EU territory, the implementation of forestry strategies is delegated to local government institutions. This study proposes an overview of the main European forestry strategies, national (Italian) guidelines and local implementation instruments
(in Tuscany). This approach made it possible to identify the actual executors of forestry policies, i.e., the public forest workers. The paper provides a framework of the recent dynamics of regional forestry instruments, their effects on available financial resources and their technicaloperational
consequences. Furthermore, Tuscan public forest worker profiles were defined through an online questionnaire. The results show that it is essential to activate constant monitoring of local actions in order to verify the effectiveness of superordinate forestry policies.
The Analysis of False JudgementAccording to Being and Not-Being in Plato’sTheaetetus(188c10–189b9)
Authors: Crivelli Paolo
Published: October 2021

The version of the paradox of false judgement examined atTht.188c10–189b9 relies on the assumption that to judge falsehoods is to judge the things which are not. The presentation of the argument displays several syntactic ambiguities: at several points it allows the reader to adopt different syntactic connections between the components of sentences. For instance, when Socrates says that in a false judgement the cognizer is “he who judges the things which are not about anything whatsoever” (188d3–4), how should the clause “about anything whatsoever” be construed? In common with “he who judges” and “the things which are not” (in which case the cognizer would be “he who judges about anything whatsoever the things which are not about it”), or exclusively with “he who judges” (in which case the cognizer would be “he who judges about anything whatsoever the things which are not”)? The most plausible answer is that both construals are envisaged. Accordingly, the argument has two branches corresponding to these two alternative construals. In particular, it attempts to show that in both cases the cognizer will address what does not exist – an impossibility. The idea that a false judgement is concerned with what is not about its reference has a clear echo in theSophist. The way in which the problem is handled in theTheaetetusprovides a hint that can help to find a solution for the hotly debated issue of the interpretation of theSophist’s account of false statement.
Hippocampus segmentation and classification for dementia analysis using pre-trained neural network models
Authors: Priyanka Ahana , Ganesan Kavitha
Published: October 2021

The diagnostic and clinical overlap of early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD) is a vital oncological issue in dementia disorder. This study is designed to examine Whole brain (WB), grey matter (GM) and Hippocampus (HC) morphological variation and identify the prominent biomarkers in MR brain images of demented subjects to understand the severity progression. Curve evolution based on shape constraint is carried out to segment the complex brain structure such as HC and GM. Pre-trained models are used to observe the severity variation in these regions. This work is evaluated on ADNI database. The outcome of the proposed work shows that curve evolution method could segment HC and GM regions with better correlation. Pre-trained models are able to show significant severity difference among WB, GM and HC regions for the considered classes. Further, prominent variation is observed between AD vs. EMCI, AD vs. MCI and AD vs. LMCI in the whole brain, GM and HC. It is concluded that AlexNet model for HC region result in better classification for AD vs. EMCI, AD vs. MCI and AD vs. LMCI with an accuracy of 93, 78.3 and 91% respectively.
Development of a new aerofoil profile with a high lift-to-drag ratio for wind turbines using a low fidelity accurate optimization flow solver
Authors: Elgammi Moutaz , Aokaly Aljonid , Aldali Yasser
Published: October 2021

A significant amount of work is performed on various aerofoil profiles to improve their characteristics for wind turbine applications. The main purpose is to increase the power output of wind turbines by increasing the lift-to-drag ratio of the aerofoil blade sections. However, most of the developed aerofoil profiles work well only at their design angles of attack and for low Reynolds numbers with a very dramatic stall that could significantly influence the characteristics of the aerofoil profiles and the performance of wind turbines. The present paper is conducted to develop a new aerofoil profile with more gradual stall characteristics that works efficiently for different operational conditions (clean and rough working conditions) similar to those encountered by wind turbines in the free environment. The new aerofoil profile was developed based on a combination between experimental Box–Behnken design and XFOIL code, measurements, and 2D simulation conducted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The established aerofoil can be used for wind turbine blades because it gives high lift-to-drag-ratios with very smooth and gradual stall characteristics even under very rough operating conditions.
Proposal for the flow of material and adjustments to the storage system of an external service provider
Authors: Strohmandl Jan , Kalupová Blanka , Rejzková Kateřina , Tomek Miroslav
Published: October 2021

This article deals with issues related to the flow of material to the assembly line and examines the possibilities of reducing the costs of this process. It is based on the current state of the transport of individual parts to the producing company and the storage system using Kanban and Just in Sequence (JIS) logistics technologies, and the subsequent collection of material for transport to the assembly line. The change in the system of transport technology has led to a reduction of the total storage space and costs, and at the same time, the processes related to storage and collection of parts have been simplified. The whole process of material flow to the assembly line is solved using the real supply system via the JIS technology, together with the system of receipt and storage of components in connection with individual operations during the handling and storage of these components, and their picking and transport to the assembly line. Evidently, the change in the system and the associated savings can also be employed to warehouses and manufacturing companies of the automotive industry, which use automated assembly lines with the timing of the assembly process of the final product.
Cochain level May–Steenrod operations
Authors: Kaufmann Ralph M. , Medina-Mardones Anibal M.
Published: October 2021

Steenrod defined in 1947 the Steenrod squares on the mod 2 cohomology of spaces using explicit cochain formulae for the cup-iproducts; a family of coherent homotopies derived from the broken symmetry of Alexander–Whitney’s chain approximation to the diagonal. He later defined his homonymous operations for all primes using the homology of symmetric groups. This approach enhanced the conceptual understanding of the operations and allowed for many advances, but lacked the concreteness of their definition at the even prime. In recent years, thanks to the development of new applications of cohomology, having definitions of Steenrod operations that can be effectively computed in specific examples has become a key issue. Using the operadic viewpoint of May, this article provides such definitions at all primes introducing multioperations that generalize the Steenrod cup-iproducts on the simplicial and cubical cochains of spaces.
Spatial modeling of ground subsidence susceptibility along Al-Shamal train pathway in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alogayell Haya M. , Al-Alola Seham S. , Alkadi Ibtesam I. , Mohamed Soha A. , Ismail Ismail Y. , El-Bukmi Farida
Published: October 2021

Al-Shamal train pathway, which is extended between Saudi Arabia and Jordan, is prone to geo-hazards due to the geological features, proximity to faults, earthquake epicenter, and the human activities along the pathway. The objectives of this study are to shed light on the ground subsidence susceptibility along Al-Shamal train pathway in Qarrayat city in Saudi Arabia and develop a ground subsidence susceptibility model to determine the prone areas to the impacts of ground subsidence to mitigate and avoid the loss of life and property. This study integrated the various data types to map the subsidence susceptibility along Al-Shamal train pathway. Nine ground subsidence causative parameters were selected as subsidence controlling factors in the study area including lithology, land cover/land use, elevation, slope, aspect, annual average rainfall, distance to faults, distance to earthquake epicenter, and distance to streams. The analytical hierarchy process is applied to obtain accurate weight to each criterion through the distribution of online Google form questionnaire to experts in different expertise and get their judgments on the weights of ground subsidence causative parameters in the study area. A subsidence susceptibility index was derived by classifying susceptible maps into five classes, namely, very low, low, moderate, high, and very high using the statistical distribution analysis. The results revealed that the study area is subjected to moderate susceptibility with about 32.56. A total of 29.8 and 11.52% of the study area had very low and low susceptibilities, respectively, and 8.44 and 17.68% had very high and high susceptibilities, respectively. The results were validated using the receiver operating characteristic using previous ground subsidence locations. The area under the curve showed 0.971, which is equivalent to 97.1%. Consequently, the findings of the study are thought to be beneficial to managers and decision makers for future planning, mitigating, and preventing subsidence in the study area.
Synergetik der Dekodierung von Substantiv-Neubildungen in Satzstrukturen des Deutschen
Authors: Drebet Viktor , Kiyko Svitlana , Kiyko Yuriy
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the study of complex noun neologisms in the aspect of transformation and decoding of the semantic volume of their dominant component in relation to the structure of sentences of the German-language press from the standpoint of linguosynergetics. We focus on the synergetic law of conservation of speech energy and minimization of efforts as a driving factor, which directs the human mental lexicon to decoding of the complex nouns-neologisms with the dominant of the corresponding nominations of semantic volume of polysemic and monosemic word models. In a synergetic sense, parallels are drawn between the dictionary as a representative of the linguistic generalization of the structured amount of knowledge of the learned extralinguistic reality and the mental lexicon, which is not an arbitrary accumulation of contributions, but constitutes a structured hierarchical system of such contributions. The indicators obtained on the basis of statistical methods are extrapolated to synergetic models in the format of correlation of decoded nominations with simple and complex sentences of the German-language press. Such linguosynergetic analysis opens up prospects for modeling and predicting the possible lexicalization of complex noun-neologisms in view of their synergetic cycle of order-chaos-order and replenishment of German linguistics with new knowledge about German-language noun vocabulary.
On the maximal operators of weighted Marcinkiewicz type means of two-dimensional Walsh–Fourier series
Authors: Nagy Károly , Salim Mohamed
Published: October 2021

Goginava proved that the maximal operator

σ

α
,
*

{\sigma^{\alpha,*}}

(

0
<
α
<
1

{0<\alpha<1}

) of two-dimensional Marcinkiewicz type

(
C
,
α
)

{(C,\alpha)}

means is bounded from the two-dimensional dyadic martingale Hardy space

H
p

⁢

(

G
2

)

{H_{p}(G^{2})}

to the space

L
p

⁢

(

G
2

)

{L^{p}(G^{2})}

for

p
>

2

2
+
α

{p>\frac{2}{2+\alpha}}

. Moreover, he showed that assumption

p
>

2

2
+
α

{p>\frac{2}{2+\alpha}}

is essential for the boundedness of the maximal operator

σ

α
,
*

{\sigma^{\alpha,*}}

. It was shown that at the point

p
0

=

2

2
+
α

{p_{0}=\frac{2}{2+\alpha}}

the maximal operator

σ

α
,
*

{\sigma^{\alpha,*}}

is
bounded from the dyadic Hardy space

H

2
/

(

2
+
α

)

⁢

(

G
2

)

{H_{2/(2+\alpha)}(G^{2})}

to the space weak-

L

2
/

(

2
+
α

)

⁢

(

G
2

)

{L^{2/(2+\alpha)}(G^{2})}

. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the behaviour of the maximal operators of weighted Marcinkiewicz type

σ

α
,
*

{\sigma^{\alpha,*}}

means (

0
<
α
<
1

{0<\alpha<1}

) in the endpoint case

p
0

=

2

2
+
α

{p_{0}=\frac{2}{2+\alpha}}

. In particular, the optimal condition on the weights is given which provides the boundedness from

H

2
/

(

2
+
α

)

⁢

(

G
2

)

{H_{2/(2+\alpha)}(G^{2})}

to

L

2
/

(

2
+
α

)

⁢

(

G
2

)

{L^{2/(2+\alpha)}(G^{2})}

.
Furthermore, a strong summation theorem is stated for functions in the dyadic martingale Hardy space

H

2
/

(

2
+
α

)

⁢

(

G
2

)

{H_{2/(2+\alpha)}(G^{2})}

.
A formal approach to role language: sentence-final particles and the speaker-hearer link
Authors: Dohi Atsushi
Published: October 2021

This paper addresses sentence-final items that fall into the category of role language in Japanese and proposes an analysis from a cartographic perspective. To this end, the syntactic and semantic properties of these items are investigated, with particular attention to their distribution concerning root/embedded context and clause type. The investigation shows that the elements under consideration can be classified into three subcategories and that they are all connected to the speaker-hearer link via agreement relationship, on a par with the politeness marker -mas-. It is also argued that only one subcategory, dubbed gender particles, additionally interacts with illocutionary force and clause type of the sentence, similarly to discourse particles. From this study, it is implied that the role language can be studied within the framework of a syntax-discourse interface.
Comparison of Dako HercepTest and Ventana PATHWAY anti-HER2 (4B5) tests and their correlation with silver in situ hybridization in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Miladinović Mirjana , Vučković Ljiljana , Klisic Aleksandra
Published: October 2021

Background

Discordant results exist about the role of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression and/or HER2 amplification in lung adenocarcinoma. We aimed to compare the performance of HercepTest and PATHWAY anti-HER2 (4B5) by correlating immunohistochemistry (IHC) results with silver in situ hybridization (SISH) in adenocarcinoma lung specimens.

Methods

A total of 148 surgically resected adenocarcinoma lung specimens were included.

Results

HER2 overexpression was found in 7.4% patients for HercepTest Dako and in 2.7% patients for 4B5 antibody. The overall coincidence between these two types of antibodies equals 93.9%. The incidence of HER2 amplification in lung adenocarcinoma was 17.6%, of which in 2.7% of the cases high-grade amplification was present. HER2 amplification was present in 90.9% of patients with overexpression of HER2, obtained by using HercepTest Dako and 75% patients using 4B5 antibody. A significant correlation between overexpression of HER2 receptors obtained by HercepTest Dako and 4B5 antibody and HER2 amplification was shown.

Conclusion

The research of the efficiency of targeted molecular therapies with an HER2 antibody may serve as a basis for the introduction of routine HER2 status determination in lung adenocarcinoma, dictating the need for the standardized protocol for HER2 status determination in such pathology.
The Origin and Evolution of Early Christian and Byzantine Universal Historiography
Authors: Burgess Richard W.
Published: October 2021

There is a long tradition of considering the lesser Byzantine historical texts - those not written in the classicizing narrative style of Herodotus, Thucydides, and Procopius - as the products of a continuous development from Hellenistic and late antique chronicles. As a result, they are all still called chronicles in spite of the fact that the only characteristics they share with earlier chronicles and one another is their condensed and ‘universal’ approach to history. In reality, there were only a very few true Byzantine chronicles, while all the other so-called chronicles developed from other Hellenistic and Roman genres into six distinct groups of texts that are completely unrelated to chronicles, apart from some content. This analysis is founded primarily upon the structure of and use of chronology by these texts, which are all represented by lengthy quotations that readers can compare for themselves.
Using flexible grouping instruction to create culturally relevant PK-12 learning communities for culturally and linguistically diverse learners with exceptionalities
Authors: Hunter William C. , Barnes Keishana L. , Taylor Aylcia , Rush Charmion , Banks Tachelle
Published: October 2021

In this article, two instructional practices, Numbered Heads Together (NHT) and Carousel Brainstorming (CB), are discussed to guide instructors through the intentional practice of incorporating flexible groupings (CEC, HLP 17) in their daily instruction for the purpose of creating Culturally Relevant PK-12 Learning Communities for CLD Learners with Exceptionalities. Although NHT and CB are not the only approaches for implementing cooperative learning groups as an effective instructional tool, it is the authors’ premise that both practices successfully promote academic achievement and provide a positive, culturally relevant design for diverse learners, as well as a practitioner-friendly framework that is easily implemented. NHT and CB also serve as a means to provide students with a voice for their learning and to promote positive student behaviors. Regardless of the setting or identified disability, when facilitated with foresight and careful planning, evidence-based instructional best practices are supported, and inclusive course content is attained through the use of NHT and CB. Example lesson plans to intentionally incorporate both strategies are included within the article.
Nachhaltiges Wirtschaften, nachhaltig finanziert: Herausforderungen für die Politik in den 2020er Jahren
Authors: Langenmayr Dominika , Mittermaier Ferdinand
Published: October 2021

Sowohl die Bewältigung der Corona-Pandemie als auch die Anpassung der Wirtschaft an Erfordernisse der Nachhaltigkeit verlangen staatliche Investitionen. Dominika Langenmayr und Ferdinand Mittermaier analysieren in diesem Beitrag, wie diese finanziert werden sollten. Das Ziel der Staatsfinanzierung sollte ihres Erachtens darin bestehen, die Gesellschaft bei der Bewältigung langfristiger Herausforderungen zu unterstützen. Neben der Effizienz stehen die intra- und intergenerationelle Gerechtigkeit sowie administrative Kosten im Fokus. Die Autoren plädieren für die Ausgabe langlaufender Staatsanleihen und eine an der Zinslast ausgerichtete Schuldenregel, welche die demographische Entwicklung berücksichtigt. Steuern sollten die Wirtschaft nicht in ihrer Innovationskraft einschränken. Bestehende Ineffizienzen (zum Beispiel in der Güter-, Einkommen- und Gewinnbesteuerung) gilt es zu beheben. So ließe sich mit einer neuen Ausgestaltung bestehender Steuern mehr Chancen- und Verteilungsgerechtigkeit erzielen.
Carbon nanomaterial-involved EMT and CSC in cancer
Authors: Yang Xiaotong , Xu Gongquan , Liu Xiaolong , Zhou Guiming , Zhang Bing , Wang Fan , Wang Lingjuan , Li Bin , Li Liming
Published: October 2021

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are ubiquitous in our daily lives because of the outstanding physicochemical properties. CNMs play curial parts in industrial and medical fields, however, the risks of CNMs exposure to human health are still not fully understood. In view of, it is becoming extremely difficult to ignore the existence of the toxicity of CNMs. With the increasing exploitation of CNMs, it’s necessary to evaluate the potential impact of these materials on human health. In recent years, more and more researches have shown that CNMs are contributed to the cancer formation and metastasis after long-term exposure through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) which is associated with cancer progression and invasion. This review discusses CNMs properties and applications in industrial and medical fields, adverse effects on human health, especially the induction of tumor initiation and metastasis through EMT and CSCs procedure.
Maximum likelihood estimation for sub-fractional Vasicek model
Authors: Prakasa Rao B. L. S.
Published: October 2021

We investigate the asymptotic properties of maximum likelihood estimators of the drift parameters for the fractional Vasicek model driven by a sub-fractional Brownian motion.
Inverse properties of a class of seven-diagonal (near) Toeplitz matrices
Authors: Kurmanbek Bakytzhan , Erlangga Yogi , Amanbek Yerlan
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the explicit inverse of a class of seven-diagonal (near) Toeplitz matrices, which arises in the numerical solutions of nonlinear fourth-order differential equation with a finite difference method. A non-recurrence explicit inverse formula is derived using the Sherman-Morrison formula. Related to the fixed-point iteration used to solve the differential equation, we show the positivity of the inverse matrix and construct an upper bound for the norms of the inverse matrix, which can be used to predict the convergence of the method.
Landscape Political Ecology: Rural-Urban Pattern of COVID-19 in Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo Cletus Famous , Ayadiuno Romanus U.
Published: October 2021

The socio-ecological and political properties of rural and urban landscapes have been argued to produce the differentials in rural-urban health. However, the mechanism of the COVID-19 pattern in this socio-political-ecological perspective has not been understood in Africa. The study used spatial techniques to explore the pattern of urbanization-COVID-19 nexus in Nigeria. It has been argued that three elements (demographic dynamics, infrastructure or governance) typify the socio-political-ecological landscape of urban places. They shape the spread of infectious diseases. We explored the extent to which these factors predict the COVID-19 pattern in Nigeria. The study used data from Nigeria’s Centre for Diseases Control and the National Bureau of Statistics. The results indicate that more urban states in Nigeria tend to have higher COVID-19 cases than rural states. The COVID-19 pattern is best predicted by population dynamics more than other elements. The result indicates demographic attributes are more critical to surges in COVID-19 cases in Nigeria. Places with higher populations and densities will tend to have more spread of the virus than places with lesser populations and densities. Therefore, in a future outbreak, places of high densities should be given more attention to prevent further spread.
A new phenanthrene derivative from Entada abyssinica with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties
Authors: Magnibou Larissa M. , Leutcha Peron B. , Tchegnitegni Billy T. , Wouamba Steven C. N. , Magne Cyrille Y. F. F. , Yaya Abel J. G. , Kopa Theodora , Tagatsing Maurice F. , Tombozara Nantenaina , Meli Alain L. , Henoumont Celine , Laurent Sophie , Talla Emmanuel
Published: October 2021

Entada abyssinica Steud. Ex A. Rich (Leguminosae) is a medicinal plant used traditionally for the treatment of infections. A phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of E. abyssinica root bark led to the isolation of a new phenanthrene derivative named phenentada (1), together with seven known compounds (8 S, 13 E)-kolavic acid 15-methyl ester (2) and 8 S-kolavic acid 15-methyl ester (3) obtained as mixture, 8 S-kolavic acid 15-methyl ester (3), 8 S-kolavic acid 18-methyl ester (4), 13,14,15,16-tetranorclerod-3-ene-12,18-dioic acid (5), 1′,26′-bis-[(S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl] hexacosanedioate (6), campesterol (7) and 3-O-β
-d-glucopyranosylstigmasterol (8). Their structures were determined by NMR spectroscopy (1D and 2D), mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) and by comparison with previously reported data. The crude extract and some isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activities by the microdilution method while, the antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH methods. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, the crude extract showed significant inhibitory activities against bacteria strains (MIC 7.81–31.3 μg mL−1) and yeasts (MIC 15.6–31.3 μg mL−1) whereas all compounds tested exhibited significant activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Moreover, compounds 4, 5 and 6 and the mixture 2/3 showed significant antimicrobial activity on Candida parapsilosis strain (MIC = 3.12 μg mL−1), as well as selected antifungal property against candida pathogenic fungi strains. On the other hand, compounds (1) demonstrated the best bioactivities against Candida albicans and Salmonella enterica with MIC = 3.12 μg mL−1 while the mixture 2/3 appeared to have the highest inhibition on gram (+) bacteria strain S. epidermidis with MIC of 0.78 μg mL−1 and compound 5 (MIC = 1.56 μg mL−1) against the gram (−) bacteria strain. Furthermore, the SC50 values measured by the antioxidant test for all samples varied between 47.21 and 52.44 μg mL−1 for DPPH. These results support the traditional uses of E. abyssinica in the management of several diseases including the claim in the skin disease treatment. Additionally, here is reported the first time isolation of a phenanthrene derivative in the Fabaceae family to the best of our knowledge.
UoC-6: a first MOF based on a perfluorinated trimesate ligand
Authors: Krautwurst John , Lamann Rainer , Ruschewitz Uwe
Published: October 2021

Reaction of Sc(NO3)3·5H2O with K(H2
pF-BTC) – the monopotassium salt of perfluorinated trimesic acid – led to the formation of single crystals of

[

Sc

(

p
F
−
BTC

)

(

H
2

O

)

3

]

∞
1

⋅
4

H
2

O

${}_{\infty }{}^{1}\left[\text{Sc}\left(pF-\text{BTC}\right){\left({\text{H}}_{2}\text{O}\right)}_{3}\right]\cdot 4{\text{H}}_{2}\text{O}$

(

P

1
‾

$P‾{1}$

, Z = 2). DTA/TGA measurements revealed that all water molecules were released below 200 °C. Using powder synchrotron radiation diffraction data, the crystal structure of the residue of the dehydration was elucidated and the results confirmed the formula

[

Sc

(

p
F
−
BTC

)

]

∞
3

${}_{\infty }{}^{3}\left[\text{Sc}\left(pF-\text{BTC}\right)\right]$

(Fddd, Z = 16). The compound is similar, but not isostructural to the recently published UoC-4 (I41/amd, Z = 8; UoC: University of Cologne) with a difluorinated trimesate (dF-BTC3–) as connecting linker. Both compounds can be classified as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) consisting of a 3D network of Sc3+ nodes connected by the fluorinated trimesate ligands. They contain small pores, but their opening windows are too small for any guest molecules to pass. Remarkably, UoC-4 with a lower symmetric ligand (dF-BTC3–) crystallizes in a higher symmetry space group (I41/amd) than UoC-6 (Fddd). This can be rationalized by increasing torsion angles of the carboxylate moieties in the pF-BTC3– ligand.
Handlungstheoretische Implikationen für Innovativität: Ein Konzept für schulische Bildung?
Authors: Scharf Claudia , Gryl Inga
Published: October 2021

Aktuelle gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen erfordern eine Bildung, die Schüler:innen dazu befähigt, Gesellschaft mitzugestalten. Gleichzeitig ist, entgegen einer humanistischen Bildung zur Mündigkeit, schulische Bildung gezeichnet von neoliberalen Praktiken; sich äußernd in Effizienz- und Leistungsorientierung. Diesen Praktiken entgegnend, möchte das Konzept Innovativität eine schulische Befähigung zur gesellschaftlichen Mitgestaltung forcieren – durch eine Fokussierung auf Reflexivität, Kreativität und Umsetzungsfähigkeit, auf Innovationsprozesse und unter Einbeziehung von Überlegungen aus der theoretischen und praktischen Ethik. Um die Basis für eine didaktische Nutzbarmachung für einen Ansatz legen zu können, der zu Handlung befähigen möchte, bedarf es jedoch einer handlungstheoretischen Fundierung von Innovativität. Der vorliegende Beitrag möchte diese mithilfe von Habermas’ Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns und Joas’ Kreativität des Handelns legen – Theorien, die zum einen die argumentative Aushandlung von Geltungsansprüchen im Diskurs und zum anderen die Dynamik von Gestaltungs- (respektive Innovations-)prozessen thematisieren.
Evaluation Research on the Crane Failure Prediction based on Machine Learning
Authors: Yan Wang , Lu HouJun , Choong Chun Sern
Published: October 2021

It is difficult to spot failures in port machinery and equipment, and maintaining such systems is even more complex. Maintenance such modifications in a reasonable time  is a tough challenge since each change might have an endless number of test cases run. It's critical to have a risk assessment of the impact of such maintenance fixes. In the software engineering community, there has been a considerable amount of study on failure prediction. Regrettably, there is little evidence of their application in day-to-day software development in port machinery and equipment. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised machine learning (k-means clustering) method for categorising cranes for maintenance and use a machine learning pipeline to solve the classification of crane failure data. The crane's maintenance decision data demonstrates the method's effectiveness. It was demonstrated that the Linear Support Vector Machine could give a superior classification accuracy of crane maintenance prediction with a 100 percent accuracy in train set and 94.5 percent accuracy in test set.
Successful Surgical Treatment of a Giant Left Coronary Artery Aneurysm with Fistula
Authors: Li Huadong , Yu Hong , Song Yu , Tong Lu , Zhao Meng , Borovjagin Anton V , Dong Nianguo , Wu Long
Published: October 2021

Coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) is an aortic catastrophe with low prevalence. Giant CAA is even more uncommon, requiring surgical intervention. Giant CAA usually originates from the proximal segments of the right coronary and the anterior descending arteries. Here we report a rare case of giant left CAA with fistula formation treated with successful surgery.
The Changes of Gene Expression and Protein Level of Stretch-Activated Chloride Channel in Atrial Myocardium of Dogs with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Shi Hongwei , Jiang Zhenming , Wang Teng , Chen Yuting , Hu Desheng , Han Guang , Cao Feng
Published: October 2021

Introduction: ICl,stretch have been reported to be involved in the development of atrial fibrillation, so we observed the changes of transcription and translation levels of ICl,stretch in isolated atrial myocardium of heart failure canine models.
Material and methods: In the control group (N = 10), five dogs were untreated and the other five received sham operation, while dogs in the heart failure group (N = 10) were implanted with cardiac pacemakers and underwent right ventricular pacing to induce heart failure. Cardiac structure and function were evaluated. The gene expression and protein level of ICl,stretch in the left atrial appendage were detected.
Results: The left atrial diameter, right atrial dimension, left ventricular diastolic dimension, and right ventricular diastolic dimension were significantly larger in the heart failure group (P < 0.05). In contrast, the ejection fraction and the left ventricular shorten fraction were higher in the control group (P < 0.05). Both the mRNA and protein expression levels of ICl,stretch in atrial myocardium of the heart failure group were significantly higher compared with the control group.
Conclusion: ICl,stretch might play an important role in the vulnerability to atrial fibrillation in dilated atria with heart failure and could be a potential therapeutic target for atrial fibrillation.
Impact of Overt Hypothyroidism on Early Outcomes of Coronary Artery Surgery
Authors: Zhao Dong , Feng Wei , Zhao Wei , Yuan Xin , Wang Chuangshi
Published: October 2021

Background: The association between preoperative overt hypothyroidism and early outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of overt hypothyroidism on the outcomes of CABG.
Methods: The series included 189 overt hypothyroid patients, who underwent CABG at Fuwai Hospital. These patients were 1:4 matched with 737 euthyroid patients using propensity score matching. The early postoperative outcomes were compared.
Results: After propensity score matching, the incidences of impaired wound healing, reintubation, and the total complications were higher in hypothyroid patients than euthyroid patients (11.8% vs. 0.9%, P < 0.001; 2.1% vs. 0.4%, P = 0.03; 39.6% vs. 30.3%, P = 0.015, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed overt hypothyroidism was significantly associated with the occurrence of impaired wound healing (odds ratio [OR]=12.29, P < 0.001), reintubation (OR=5.71, P = 0.047), and the total complications (OR=1.31, P = 0.049). The OR of the total complications was 1.43 (P = 0.03) in hypothyroid patients with abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone compared with euthyroid patients. The proportions of the use of dopamine, adrenaline, milrinone, and dobutamine in hypothyroid patients were higher than euthyroid patients (75.4% vs. 67.6%, P = 0.038; 10.7% vs. 6.1%, P = 0.028; 3.2% vs. 0.3%, P = 0.001; 4.8% vs. 1.2%, P = 0.004, respectively). The total duration of inotropic support and mechanical ventilation time in hypothyroid patients were longer than euthyroid patients (median duration: 4 days vs. 3 days, P = 0.003; 17 hours vs. 15 hours, P < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions: CABG in overt hypothyroid patients is associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications, stronger postoperative inotropic support, and longer mechanical ventilation time.
Restos óseos ingeridos por puma (Puma concolor) en el Parque Nacional Sierra de las Quijadas (San Luis, Argentina)
Authors: ÁLVAREZ MARÍA CLARA , ALCARAZ ANA PAULA , A. KAFUMANN CRISTIAN , GATICA AILÍN , OCHOA ANA C.
Published: October 2021

La tafonomía actualista constituye una poderosa herramienta para evaluar el rol de los carnívoros como formadores activos del registro fósil. Caracterizar la firma tafonómica de diferentes depredadores es clave para interpretar los patrones observados en los conjuntos faunísticos. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una muestra ósea obtenida de 10 heces de puma procedentes del Parque Nacional Sierra de las Quijadas (San Luis, Argentina). El ob- jetivo general es caracterizar estos restos para generar una herramienta útil en la interpretación del registro fósil. El procesamiento de las fecas permitió recuperar 2913 especímenes óseos. Los resultados indicaron que el largo promedio de los especímenes es de 8,49 mm, en tanto que el ancho promedio es de 4,53 mm. Se determinó un NTAXA de nueve, con predominio de indi- viduos de la Subfamilia Dolichotinae. El 6,5% de la muestra presentaba marcas de dientes y el 91% evidencias de corrosión gástrica. En conclusión, este trabajo contribuye a la construcción de marcos de referencia útiles para la interpretación de los conjuntos fósiles. Dado que el puma es un carnívoro generalista y oportunista, al momento de utilizar estas herramientas deben tenerse en cuenta los ensambles faunísticos pasados y presentes del área de estudio.
Economy and subsistence in the Early Neolithic site of Carrascal (Oeiras, Portugal)
Authors: CARDOSO JOÃO LUÍS , VALENTE MARIA JOÃO
Published: October 2021

Early Neolithic settlements in southwestern Iberia are rare and, so far, only a few faunal assemblages, mostly from Portuguese Estremadura, have been analysed. The zooarchae- ological studies suggest that animal husbandry was introduced to the area by Neolithic marine settlers originating from the Mediterranean and that domesticated animal herding, particularly sheep, was of outmost importance to the human communities. Located in lower Estremadura, Carrascal is an open-air site, featuring several dwelling structures, a diversified set of artefacts, and a well-established chronology for its Early Neolithic occupation (cal BC). It also yielded a faunal assemblage of considerable size and variability, which includes vertebrates (mammals and fishes) and invertebrates (molluscs). The present study, which focuses on the vertebrate materials, shows that during Early Neolithic the community that inhabited Carrascal practiced a diversified set of subsistence activities in which animal husbandry was prevalent. There is an abundance of caprines (mainly sheep) and swine, followed by cattle. The age at death data suggests a mixed animal exploitation system, with swine being mostly killed at a younger age (presumably for meat), while cattle was slaughtered after reaching adulthood (perhaps for milk production) and caprines show a mixed pattern. This study also reinforces the idea that, for the Neolithic communities living in lower Estremadura, hunting was a less prevailing activity (au- rochs and, perhaps, wild boar were identified, but red deer is absent in Carrascal) when compared with the human groups that lived in the central Estremadura Limestone Massif, a situation that may be due to different ecosystems and human demography.
Hybrid Identity Development in the Biggest Cities of Lithuania: The Case of Russian Youth
Authors: Kubiliūtė Skirmantė
Published: October 2021

This article aims to investigate the development of ethnic identity. The main focus of the study is the young generation of Russian minority living in Lithuania’s biggest cities – Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. The hypothesis of this study is based on previous research and tends to examine whether the younger generation of Russians have difficulties identifying themselves as members of a specific ethnic group and/or have hybrid ethnic identity. In order to collect the necessary data, qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The main age group of this study was youngsters aged from were 15 to 29 y.o. There were also a control group of older Russians aged from 45 to 60 y.o. The latter group was selected in order to compare the data. The study has shown that around 20 percent of all young participants have double or hybrid ethnic identity. The majority of them identified with two ethnic groups and described themselves as Russian-Lithuanians. Almost half of the young participants had certain doubts in categorizing themselves as members of a particular ethnic group. Even more, around a tenth of all the participants avoided assigning themselves to any ethnic group and defined themselves as “humans”, “Europeans” or “world citizens”. Certain differences between the three cities have been observed as well. Both older and younger Russians from Klaipėda and Vilnius have stronger bonds with their ethnic group and language comparing to Russians from Kaunas. Therefore, the processes of assimilation in this city are more prominent that hybridization. This study has revealed not only the latest tendencies of identity development within Russian minority group, but also numerous different factors that might influence these trends. Complex processes of self-identification as well as the formation of hybrid ethnic identity in young individuals might be caused by globalization, active migration of people, rapid spread of information, multilingualism.
La producción de emociones morales en el pentecostalismo y sus consecuencias políticas
Authors: Claret-Trentelivres Lancelot
Published: October 2021

El pentecostalismo nació a principios del siglo XX como reacción a la secularización que afectaba al protestantismo a eso tiempo. Dirigiéndose inicialmente a los dominados de la sociedad burguesa, a las mujeres y a las clases trabajadoras, invirtió entonces las emociones devaluadas por la moral burguesa. Su culto carismático, centrado en la glosolalia, que parece dar rienda suelta a las emociones, es en realidad un sistema de incorporación de emociones morales que da lugar a un hábito ascético entre los fieles. A partir de los años 70, la revalorización de las emociones en la cultura dominante llevó a una parte de las clases medias a incorporarse progresivamente al pentecostalismo. Esta renovación de la composición social del pentecostalismo le llevó a entrar en el campo político, con poco éxito en primer lugar a causa de la división del movimiento en denominaciónes competidoras. El plebiscito por la paz entre el gobierno colombiano y las FARC en octubre de 2016 es un primer ejemplo de la conversión del habitus moral pentecostal en una disciplina electoral.
Emociones, sentidos y potencialidades en Tocó cantar. Travesía contra el olvido: análisis crítico del discurso de la música sobre el conflicto colombiano
Authors: Rivera-Perea Tania
Published: October 2021

En este artículo se analizan los discursos testimoniales contenidos en la compilación musical Tocó cantar. Travesía contra el olvido, a través del análisis crítico del discurso. Se señalan los sentidos y emocionalidades que se movilizan por medio del lenguaje musical en dicha compilación tales como denuncia, resistencia, duelo, sanación, cohesión social y construcción de memoria, los cuales hacen parte del horizonte temático del concepto de testimonio. Por un lado, se contextualizan cada una de las piezas musicales como expresiones de relaciones de poder y de violencias propias del conflicto colombiano. Por otro lado, se sostiene que los discursos testimoniales, contenidos en el lenguaje musical subalterno, pueden llegar a ser transformadores y adquieren potencial político para insertarse en el ámbito público, y resistir contra los discursos hegemónicos y de dominación.
Entre frustración y esperanza: emociones en el activismo climático en México
Authors: Poma Alice , Gravante Tommaso
Published: October 2021

Este artículo muestra el papel de las emociones en la nueva ola del movimiento climático en México. Basándose en el enfoque sociocultural de las emociones y en la literatura sobre emociones y protestas, en primer término, se analiza el papel de las emociones generadas por el cambio climático y aquellas que permiten sobrellevarlas; en segundo lugar, se centra en aquellas emociones vinculadas con los efectos de la pandemia en el activismo climático. La discusión de los datos destacará cómo los activistas climáticos logran canalizar el miedo, el dolor, la tristeza y hasta la impotencia, a través de emociones de resistencia como la esperanza de poder revertir la realidad y el orgullo de ser la generación que lo pueda lograr. Los datos analizados han sido recolectados siguiendo el pluralismo metodológico con encuestas y entrevistas, los cuales se recopilaron entre marzo de 2019 y octubre de 2020.