bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Grape Drying Efficiency: A Thermo-Ecological Analysis of a Hybrid Solar Greenhouse Dryer
Authors: Ihoume Ilham , Tadili Rachid , Arbaoui Nora , Daoudi Mohamed , Selim Alaa
Published: October 2023

Over the past few years, there has been a substantial increase in attention and notable interest in the utilization of solar energy for agricultural applications. This increased attention stems from the recognition of solar energy as a compelling and environmentally conscious alternative to conventional energy sources. Among the various applications, solar drying of crops has emerged as a promising method for preserving agricultural produce while minimizing energy consumption and reducing carbon emissions. In this study, our objective is to assess the thermo-economic and ecological performance of a solar-electric hybrid greenhouse dryer specifically designed for grape drying. The proposed system integrates solar collectors, an electric heater, and a greenhouse structure to create a controlled and energy-efficient environment for grape drying. The assessment includes a thorough analysis of the thermal performance, energy consumption, and cost-effectiveness of the solar-electric hybrid greenhouse dryer. Additionally, an ecological assessment is performed to assess the environmental impact of the system, considering factors such as carbon emissions and sustainability. The findings of this study are expected to have a significant impact on the advancement of sustainable agricultural practices and the widespread adoption of renewable energy technologies in the field of food production. Moreover, the obtained results serve as valuable insights for designing and optimizing similar solar drying systems intended for different crops and geographical regions. By considering specific crop characteristics and local environmental conditions, researchers and engineers can develop efficient and customized solar drying solutions. This knowledge will ultimately enhance the effectiveness and applicability of solar drying technologies, facilitating sustainable agricultural practices across diverse contexts.
Analysis on the Difference of Tidal Current Measurement in the Field Testing of Tidal Energy Converters
Authors: Xia Hainan , Shi Jianjun , Liu Songtang , Wang Meng , Wang Xiangnan
Published: October 2023

In the field test of tidal energy converters, the measurement of tidal current velocity is one of the key steps to evaluate the power characteristics performance of tidal energy converter. According to the requirements of tidal current velocity measurement specified by the International Electrotechnical Commission, tidal current velocity field measurement work was carried out, and the tidal current field measurement data was processed and analyzed by using the method proposed in this paper, which combines the elaborated division of tidal current velocity bine with standard deviation and correlation coefficient. The results show that: During the flood tide period, there is little difference in the mean value of tidal current velocity between the two measuring locations, but the tidal current velocity measured at the RTI location fluctuates greatly; During the ebb tide period, the mean value of tidal current velocity at the two measuring locations is quite different, and the tidal current velocity that measured at the RTI location also fluctuates greatly; The duration of the flood tide is shorter than that of the ebb tide, but the maximum value of tidal current velocity of the flood tide is greater than that of the ebb tide.
Spatio-Temporal Simulation Analysis on Water Environment of Typical Eutrophic Tributaries of Three Gorges Reservoir Based on MIKE 21
Authors: Nan Linjiang , Chen Liang , Guan Wenhai , Fan Xiangjun , Yang Mingxiang , Huang Yubo , Wang Xu , Dong Ningpeng , Wang Hejia
Published: October 2023

In recent years, the eutrophication in the typical tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir has attracted widespread attention. In the present paper, three typical eutrophic tributaries in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, that is, Xiaojiang River (Pengxi River), Daning River and Xiangxi River, were selected for research, and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality coupling model that is for the area from Zhutuo to dam site was constructed by using MIKE 21 software. On this basis, the temporal and spatial distribution of pollutants in three tributaries in 2021 was further simulated and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The coupling model after calibration and validation had good simulation accuracy for hydrodynamic and water quality indexes in the reservoir area, and the simulation effect was in good agreement with the measured results; (2) The concentration of each pollutant was closely related to the change of water level and water quantity. From the highstand period to the pre-discharge stage (January-June), the concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus increased, which were very high from the post-discharge period to the lowstand period (July-September); (3) The concentration of pollutants in the confluence of the main stream and tributaries was high due to the backward flow of the main stream. To sum up, the higher concentration of pollutants and the higher water temperature in spring and summer were conducive to the rapid reproduction of algae and other plankton, resulting in eutrophication, and the algal bloom was easy to break out in the reservoir area. During the water storage period and highstand period (October-December), the concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus showed a downward trend, mainly due to the self-purification of water and the degradation of pollutants. The research conclusion can provide a reference for water quality evaluation, water supply safety and pollutant treatment in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.
Analysis of Power Fluctuation Characteristics of Tidal Current Energy Generation and Selection of Sampling Interval
Authors: Zhang Yuanfei , Wang Xiangnan , Guo Yi , Jia Ning , Xia Hainan , Xue Caixia
Published: October 2023

With the continuous maturity of tidal current power generation technology, the scientific requirements for testing and evaluation are also increasing. In the process of analyzing the measured power data of tidal current power generation, the selection of sampling interval has a significant impact on the accuracy of power fluctuation analysis. Choosing an appropriate sampling interval can reduce data processing and improve calculation speed while ensuring the accuracy of test data. Based on the measured power data of tidal current power generation in a certain sea area of China during rising and falling tides, this paper calculated and analyzed the power fluctuation of multiple sampling intervals through discrete index analysis and first-order difference component analysis. And based on the entropy weight method, obtained the regularity of power fluctuation with sampling interval, calculated the comprehensive fluctuation coefficient to determine the maximum sampling interval, and proposed a recommended sampling interval of 60 seconds. This has important practical significance for scientifically testing tidal current power generation.
Analysis of the Adaptability Improvement of Nuclear Power Plant Reactor Cooling Chain Systems for Inland Site
Authors: Li Xiaobo , Jiao Zhenying , Huang Huan
Published: October 2023

At present, the nuclear power plants built and under construction in China are all coastal nuclear power plants, and the Essential Service Water System (SEC) and Circulating Water System (CRF) are all once-through cooling systems. If these systems are directly applied to the inland sites, the following problems will be leaded: safety functions could hardly be guaranteed, high construction costs, and significant environmental impacts, etc. Based on the circulating cooling technique, this paper proposes improved schemes of SEC and CRF systems by equipping them with safe mechanical ventilation cooling towers, safety water storage pools, and large natural ventilation cooling towers. The improved SEC system ensures the implementation of long-term safety functions and reduces construction costs. The improved CRF system can reduce water intake by 97% and significantly reduce environmental impact. The improved cooling chain systems proposed in this paper provide a reference for the cooling chain system design of inland nuclear power plants.
Simulation Study on Long Cycle Refueling Management Strategy of Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Zhang Weibin
Published: October 2023

Based on the initial design of 64 groups of refueling assembly at Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant (HNPP), a long-term refueling management strategy (RMS) study was conducted using the COSINE software package, and a refueling management plan for 92 groups of new fuel assembly was designed. On this basis, simulation calculations were conducted on the main core parameters of the 3rd to 8th cycles, and universal design limits were verified. The simulation calculation results show that HNPP has the refueling capability of 92 new fuel assembly, and the designed refueling plan satisfies the design limits and requirements.
Numerical Modelling of Combustion for an Opppsite-Wall-Fired Boiler Under Low Load
Authors: Wang Haopeng , Jin Haoze , Ti Shuguang , Yang Zhi , Zhang Chenyang
Published: October 2023

To accomplish the target of dual carbon in China, further requirements are put forward for the low load stable operation capacity of coal-fired thermal power units undertaking peak regulation task. However, the operation of coal-fired units under low load will lead to problems of deterioration of boiler combustion and increase of NOx emission. In this paper, the combustion condition of a 600 MWe opposite-wall-fired boiler under low load (200 MWe, 300 MWe and 400 MWe, loads of 33.3%, 50.0% and 66.7%) only middle and lower two layers of burner operation mode is simulated numerically. The influence of different low load conditions on the flow field, temperature field and component field in the furnace is studied. The results show that the gas filling degree and the temperature of the furnace decrease with the decrease of the load. However, NOx emission and carbon content of fly ash increase with the decrease of operating load. The NOx emission of the boiler under 400 MWe operating load is 474.7 mg/Nm3, which is 25.1% and 22.2% lower than that of the boiler under 200 MWe and 300 MWe operating load (355.4 mg/Nm3 and 456.9 mg/Nm3), respectively. This shows that for the opposite-wall-fired boiler, NOx emissions will be decreased in lower load operation, but the furnace temperature is rapidly reduced with the combustion condition tends to be bad. Appropriate measures should be taken to ensure pulverized coal burning out when the load is continued to be reduced.
Study on Mechanical Properties and Prediction Model of Cement-Based Materials in High Geothermal Tunnel
Authors: Wang Kai , Zheng Mingming , Zhu Chengtao , Xiong Liang
Published: October 2023

The high-rock temperature tunnels along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway seriously affect the performance of initial shotcrete, which has a great impact on engineering activities. Based on the characteristics of high-temperature tunnels, the mechanical strength of cement-based materials is tested. According to the experimental results, combined with the changes in the hydration process of cement-based materials, the corresponding parameters were provided for the construction of the PFC model, and finally, 40°C, 60°C and 80°C were established PFC prediction model for cement-based materials. The results showed that the strength of the numerical model of cement stone decreased with the increase in temperature, and the compressive strength at 80°C decreased by 29.78%, but the residual strength did not change much. However, the lack of change rate is consistent with the change of internal porosity, and the internal porosity is the main factor affecting the structural change of cement particles under the condition that the hydration of cement particles remains unchanged.
Investigating the Most Potential Renewable Energies for Clean Electricity Production
Authors: Dezhdar Ali , Bedakhanian Ali , Keykhah Sajjad
Published: October 2023

The design and measurement of renewable systems for installation in various regions require extensive research across multiple fields, including design, optimization, energy mapping, climate, and meteorology. As renewable systems can be costly, it is crucial to measure a region’s potential for renewable energy production as the first step. Analyzing the available types of renewable energy and identifying the potential for production in each region is a prerequisite for establishing a renewable energy system. To create an economically viable renewable energy system, the production and cost of the system should be calculated by utilizing new energy production technologies and renewable energy sources. With clean energy sources and efficient system designs, it is possible to meet energy demands for electricity production, heating, cooling, freshwater, and clean hydrogen fuel production. This study highlights the potential of high-capacity renewable systems and presents its results to improve the direction of renewable research. Currently, renewable energy systems are primarily used for electricity production; however, exploring the potential of renewable energy for other applications, such as cooling, heating, and hydrogen production, could lead to valuable advancements in the field.
Symbiosis Theory and Game Model of Yangtze River Delta Integrated Regional Innovation Ecosystem Based on Collaborative Filtering Algorithm
Authors: Zhao Shanshan
Published: October 2023

The Yangtze River Delta has gathered talents, capital, technology and many other innovative elements, becoming the region with the highest level of economic development and the most active scientific and technological innovation in China. But at the same time, there are still a series of problems in the development of the Yangtze River Delta, such as the uncoordinated development of the regional innovation system, the imperfect innovation policy system, and the difficulty in adapting to the new era and the rapidly changing external environment. There is a certain gap between the Yangtze River Delta and the world’s leading innovation regions. Therefore, this paper uses the collaborative filtering algorithm (CFA) to study the policy coordination, technology coordination and cultural coordination of the “two provinces and one city” innovation ecosystem in the Yangtze River Delta integrated region, and establishes a dynamic game model for the stakeholders of regional innovation and ecological environment symbiosis, which is beneficial to the realization of coordinated development in the Yangtze River Delta region.
Research on City Informatization Level Based on Entropy Method and System Clustering
Authors: Gong Fang , Shen Juan
Published: October 2023

With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, urban informatization has become an important driving force of its economic growth, and its development level has also become an important symbol to measure the modernization level of a country or a region. In this paper, 21 cities are selected as research samples. Firstly, the evaluation index system of informatization level is constructed from five aspects of urban economic development level and information industry development level. Secondly, the relevant index data of these cities in recent years are collected, and the weight of evaluation index are calculated by using the entropy method. Then the comprehensive score of each city is calculated. Finally, 21 cities are classified with systematic clustering method according to the level of informatization. The classification results verify the rationality of the entropy method to study the level of urban informatization.
Advances in Machine Learning for Water Quality Prediction and Prospects in Erhai Lake
Authors: Zhou Xinyu , Zhang Jing
Published: October 2023

Water quality research plays a pivotal role in addressing and mitigating water pollution issues, while accurate water quality forecasting is vital for safeguarding the ecological integrity of watersheds. In recent years, the integration of machine learning models into water quality prediction has garnered significant attention from scholars due to their inherent advantages, including adaptability, self-learning capabilities, high efficiency, and fault tolerance. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of machine learning techniques in water quality prediction models. Additionally, it critically examines the existing challenges and limitations associated with these prediction models. Furthermore, this study presents a forward-looking perspective on the potential utilization of machine learning approaches in forecasting water quality models specific to the Erhai Lake region. By consolidating and analyzing the available knowledge, this research endeavors to contribute to the advancement of machine learning-based water quality prediction methodologies in order to enhance the effectiveness and accuracy of future predictions in the Erhai Lake area.
Fluid Flow Coupled Cycling of a Weight-Control Pressure Relief Valve Used for Cargo Venting System
Authors: Wan Ran , Zhu Dashu , Liu Xuru , Hu Jie , Wang Ji
Published: October 2023

A mathematical model for predicting an unstable working condition called cycling of a weight-control pressure relief valve is proposed. The valve is connected by a long pipe to a reservoir used to store liquid cargo. The model numerically solves a transient, compressible, and one-dimensional fluid dynamic equation in the pipe, with boundary conditions given by the valve mechanical equations and reservoir inflow equations. The mechanism of the cycling problem initiation is given by analyzing the gas pressure and velocity oscillation in the pipe. Cycling comes from the small initial vibration of the valve moving part and is caused by the pressure variation delay between both ends of the pipe. Higher pipe length and higher cargo inflow rate are easier to trigger cycling. A criterion for preventing cycling is proposed based on the simulation data, which is the gas pressure loss in the connecting pipe should be lower than 0.06% of the valve set pressure. This criterion is stricter than that used for spring-loaded pressure relief valves.
Inversion Study of Baiyangdian Water Quality Parameters Based on Different Remote Sensing Data Sources
Authors: Geng Haoran , Zhang Jing
Published: October 2023

Water environment monitoring is very important for the synergistic development of humans and nature, and remote sensing provides a method that can monitor water quality in a large area, at low cost and high frequency. However, the spectral resolution and temporal resolution vary among different satellites, so it is especially important to find the satellite remote sensing data suitable for the study area. In this paper, taking Baiyangdian as an example, we collected and compiled the measured water quality data from 4 stations of Baiyangdian from 2021 to 2022, as well as Landsat 8-9 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI images, and simulated the Chl-a concentration by using linear regression model, and the results showed that the simulation effect of Sentinel-2 MSI data was better than that of Landsat 8-9 OLI data. The preliminary results indicate that it is feasible to use Sentinel-2 MSI data to invert the inland lake water quality data.
Study on the Adsorption Effect of Acid-Base Modified Biochar on Methylene Blue
Authors: Yang Ying , Zheng Wenxuan
Published: October 2023

Biochar was prepared by using agricultural waste cotton straw, and methylene blue was used as the target adsorbent to study the biochar preparation process and the conditions of activation and adsorption, and to explore the process parameters for the best adsorption effect. The adsorption effect of cotton straw-Based biochar prepared with 40% acid modification and pyrolysis temperature of 450°C was better by adsorption of 20 mg/L methylene blue solution. The adsorption conditions could achieve the best adsorption effect when the biochar dosage was satisfied at room temperature of 30°C and pH 4. The removal rate was up to 98.44%.
Degradation of Rhodamine B by Fe Heteropoly Acid Hydrogen Peroxide Under Visible Light
Authors: Chen Hongdi , An Changwei , Liu Tong
Published: October 2023

A light Fenton like system PW11O39Fe(III)(H2O)4- (PW11Fe/H2O) was constructed using Kegn type iron instead of heteropolyanion PW11Fe as the visible light active component, and was used for visible light catalytic degradation of model pollutant Rhodamine B (RhB). At the same time, the effects of H2O2 concentration, PW11Fe concentration, initial RhB concentration and pH value of solution on the visible light catalytic degradation rate of RhB were investigated, and the kinetic properties of RhB photocatalytic degradation were discussed. The experimental results showed that the system composed of 0.6mmol·L-1. PW11Fe and 4 mmol·L-1H2O2 had the best photocatalytic degradation effect on RhB when the pH of the solution was 4.5. RhB with 0.01mmol·L reacted for 60 minutes under 250W metal halide lamp irradiation, achieving a degradation rate of 100%. The reaction lasted for 240 minutes, and the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate was about 48%. The hydroxyl radical quenching and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments showed that the PW11Fe/H2O2 system produced hydroxyl radicals under visible light irradiation, which led to the rapid degradation of RhB. The apparent Reaction rate constant of the degradation reaction was 6.2 mmol·L-1·min-1.
Study on Dominant Cracking Mode of Rib-to-Diaphragm Welded Joints of Orthotropic Steel Deck
Authors: Xu Jun , Chen Huanyong
Published: October 2023

The rib-to-diaphragm welded joints have complex stress and multiple cracking modes. Determining the dominant cracking mode of such structural detail is the premise of evaluating its fatigue performance. Taking the structural design parameters of a steel bridge deck and diaphragm openings as an example, the dominant cracking mode of the structural detail was studied by finite element model; how the crucial structural parameters will affect the stress amplitude of each cracking mode was discussed, as well as how the dominant cracking mode of the structural detail might shift. The research results show that the influence range of each cracking mode is mainly distributed within adjacent longitudinal ribs and diaphragms. Increasing the top plate thickness will reduce the stress amplitude of each cracking mode by a relatively small range (around 5%), and thus will not lead to a shift in dominant cracking mode. Changing diaphragm thickness and spacing will affect the stress amplitude of each cracking mode differently. When increasing the diaphragm thickness and spacing, the dominant cracking mode of the structural detail shifted from Crack-II to Crack-I.
Flutter Performance Research of Π-Shaped Section Cable-Stayed Bridge
Authors: Liu Ming , Zhang Longqi , Yuan Congsen , Yu Mei
Published: October 2023

Π-shaped composite girder is a typical blunt section. When airflow passes through it, the phenomenon of flow separation and vortex shedding is more apparent than in streamlined sections, leading to wind-induced vibration becoming one of the control design factors for Π-shaped girder cable-stayed bridges. Flutter stability is also an important content in wind-resistant design for cable-stayed bridges. Flutter derivative is one of the important parameters in flutter stability analysis, which is traditionally determined by wind tunnel tests that consume a lot of time and money. Based on the Liujiang Bridge, this paper introduces CFD technology into the study of Π-shaped composite girder cable-stayed bridge flutter stability, identifies the vibration derivative of Π-shaped composite section using CFD technology, extends the two-dimensional flutter analysis method to a three-dimensional, and develops a corresponding flutter analysis program. The research results show that conducting long-span cable-stayed bridge flutter performance research using CFD technology is feasible.
Evaluation of Light Pollution Level Based on Combined AHP and EWM Assignment
Authors: Li Wenxi , Ma Long , Yan Tingting , Ren Guangxin
Published: October 2023

In this study, a combination of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) subjective weighting and Entropy Weight Method (EWM) objective weighting is used. Using simple and easy index data, a light pollution level evaluation model that can be widely used in various places is established. The light pollution is divided into four grades: high pollution, moderate pollution, low pollution, and extremely low pollution according to the score from high to low. Then the evaluation model is applied to four regions with significantly different natural and human environments, namely Tibet Qiangtang National Nature Reserve, Malyang Township, suburbs of Guangzhou City and urban areas of Guangzhou. The light pollution scores of the four regions obtained by the model are 8.83,36.67,64.58 and 83.03, respectively. The model results are consistent with the actual situation.
Carbon Footprint Analysis and Its Optimization Prediction of China’s Municipal Sewage Treatment Industry
Authors: Xu Wenrui , Dai Hongliang
Published: October 2023

Sewage treatment is an efficient approach to achieving water resource recycling and safeguarding the environment. The municipal sewage treatment plants must not only meet discharge standards, but also incorporate energy-saving and carbon reduction measures during the sewage treatment process under China’s “dual carbon” strategy. This study calculated and analyzed carbon emissions from China’s municipal sewage treatment industry between 2012 and 2021, and forecasted the carbon emission intensity and amount in 2030. The findings revealed that the total carbon emissions increased from 29.33 Mt CO2e to 58.95 Mt CO2e over a decade, with direct and indirect emissions rising by 78.04% and 143%, respectively. Direct and indirect emissions in 2021 comprised 57.37% and 42.63% of the industry’s total carbon emissions, respectively. Sewage treatment plants accounted for the largest unit of carbon emissions, representing an average of 35%. Without effective carbon reduction measures, the industry’s carbon emissions are projected to reach 67.21 Mt CO2e in 2030. Implementing two optimization schemes, the total carbon emissions in 2030 are anticipated to decline to 65.21 Mt CO2e (Optimized 1) or 62.19 Mt CO2e (Optimized 2), corresponding to a 2.98% or 7.46% reduction, respectively, showing a turning point of carbon peaking. These results can provide theoretical and data support for carbon neutralization planning in the sewage treatment industry, and are essential in achieving carbon reduction goals and addressing global warming.
Research and Development of a Black Grey Water Integrated Equipment for Rural Household Toilet Renovation
Authors: Han Xu , Li Ting , Liu Kun , Liu Guanchun
Published: October 2023

Building beautiful countryside is currently an important strategic goal in China. The treatment of rural domestic sewage and the promotion of the toilet revolution have promoted the miniaturization of sewage treatment equipment. This project has developed a black gray water integrated BO-SBR equipment (biological contact oxidation sequencing batch reactor). Adding fillers to traditional SBR processes utilizes the metabolism and filtration of microorganisms and biofilms attached to the fillers to remove pollutants from water. Rural domestic sewage has a single composition and is free of toxic substances such as heavy metals. Through intermittent aeration, this device not only ensures the biochemical action of aerobic organisms, but also degrades organic pollutants in sewage, removing odor. Under low energy consumption, the device does not pursue nitrogen and phosphorus removal, retains the resource attributes of domestic sewage, makes it meet the standards for farmland irrigation water, and realizes the utilization of reclaimed water resources. After one year of field operation, the integrated black and gray water treatment equipment has achieved effluent quality that meets the requirements of the “Water Quality Standard for Farmland Irrigation” (GB 5084-2021) and the Class A standard for vegetable crops.
Soil Respiration of Grassland Under Different Utilization Patterns in Xilin River Basin
Authors: Ge Nan , Wu Shuhong , Lu Xudong , Shao Yang , Chen Xiaoyang
Published: October 2023

This study focused on investigating the natural grassland and human-disturbed grassland within the Xilin River basin, which was established in 2013. Different slope positions within these grassland areas were selected to analyze the effects of various utilization methods. Soil respiration dynamics were measured daily using the ADC soil respiration analyzer. The key findings can be summarized as follows: Diurnal patterns of soil respiration showed distinct single peak curves for both land use types and different slope positions. Peak activity consistently occurred between 13:00 and 14:30 each day. Average soil respiration rates varied significantly among different slope positions. In the human-disturbed grassland, the highest rate was observed at the slope top with a value of 2.61 ± 0.80 μmol·m-2·s-1, followed by 1.51 ± 0.32 μmol·m-2·s-1, 1.31 ± 0.68 μmol·m-2·s-1, and 0.75 ± 0.25 μmol·m-2·s-1. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The relationship between soil respiration and soil temperature was well-described by an exponential equation in the univariate model. The R2 values ranged from 0.76 to 0.87, and the corresponding Q10 values ranged from 1.59 to 2.17. However, the linear bivariate model (R = a + bT + cW) provided a more accurate representation of the impact of hydrothermal factors on soil respiration. The R2 values in this model ranged from 0.82 to 0.89. These findings highlight the diurnal patterns of soil respiration, the influence of slope position on soil respiration rates, and the significance of both soil temperature and moisture in determining soil respiration dynamics in the studied grassland areas.
Spatio-Temporal Characteristics and Analysis of Atmospheric Environmental Quality in Hainan Island from 2015 to 2021
Authors: Bai Linyan , Wang Jian , Feng Jianzhong , Li Weidong , Liu Ruixiang , Guo Lifeng
Published: October 2023

The unique geographical features of Hainan Island result in spatial and temporal differences in atmospheric Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) that not only exhibit oceanic characteristics but are also significantly influenced by land sources. As for the above characteristics of the study area, MOD04_3K AOD data from 2015 to 2021 were selected, and linear trend analysis was utilized to explore and analyze the overall spatial distribution pattern and trend of the atmospheric environment in Hainan Island. The AQI data of PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO, provided by ground air quality monitoring stations, were used to probe the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the near-surface atmospheric environment. A correlation analysis method and the Apriori algorithm were used to study the correlation between AOD and AQIs. The key findings are as follows: (1) The overall atmospheric environment in Hainan Island showed a decreasing trend from 2015 to 2021; (2) The period of relatively high AOD in Hainan Island occurred during the peak tourist season from November to April of the following year; (3) The AQI values of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 demonstrated a decreasing trend, while the AQI value of O3 showed the opposite trend in some local areas; (4) The correlation values between AOD and PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 were higher than those between AOD and SO2, O3, and there was no significant correlation between AOD and CO; (5) The mining results of association rule displayed that the association between AOD and AQI index was closest in Wuzhishan area, followed by Sanya area, and the association between AOD and AQI index was lowest in Wuzhishan area. The results provide credible scientific data and theoretical support for atmospheric pollution monitoring and joint prevention and control in the region.
Analysis of International Vehicle Carbon Tax Policy Under the Carbon Reduction Targets
Authors: Zhong Ling , Liu Shuang , Li Siwei , Wang Dejiang
Published: October 2023

The implementation of vehicle carbon tax policies has gained widespread recognition as an effective means of reducing vehicle carbon emissions worldwide. This paper presents an international empirical analysis of the current status of vehicle carbon tax policy implementation, with a focus on the context of global low-carbon development. Using a comparative approach, the study examines the carbon tax policies of three typical nations and evaluates their respective impacts. Our findings show that vehicle carbon tax policy can effectively reduce vehicle carbon dioxide emissions, but its effectiveness may be hindered by economic, social, and public awareness barriers that vary across countries. We argue that establishing a fair carbon tax system is a necessary precondition for implementing policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions. Furthermore, promoting public awareness of low-carbon practices and enhancing understanding of the tax system can help to ensure the successful implementation of a carbon tax policy.
Study on the Characteristics of Continental Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Northeast of Sichuan Basin
Authors: Sui Liwei , Li Junhui , Zhang Dazhi , Ren Yanguang , Wang Lijing , Wang Shuyu , Fang Xiaomeng
Published: October 2023

In order to make clear the structural evolution characteristics of Sichuan Basin and deepen the oil and gas enrichment law of clastic rocks, this paper analyzes the control effect of regional structural evolution characteristics on continental oil and gas accumulation based on well and seismic data. The results show that: (1) Since the basin entered the continental basin stage, the subsidence center of the basin moved counterclockwise from Western Sichuan to Northeast Sichuan and then to Southwest Sichuan under the influence of the differential orogenic activities of Longmen Mountain, Daba Mountain and Micang Mountain, which controlled the distribution of main source rocks of the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic. (2) Continental hydrocarbon accumulation experienced three key periods of late Jurassic, Late Cretaceous and Paleogene, corresponding to hydrocarbon expulsion in Xujiahe Formation in Middle Yanshanian period, large-scale folding in Late Yanshanian period and large-scale charging in Early Himalayan period, respectively. The first stage of Xujiahe Formation is the primary migration within the source formed in late Jurassic, and the second stage is the secondary migration formed in late Cretaceous. The first stage of Ziliujing Formation is the primary migration formed in early Cretaceous, and the second stage is the secondary migration formed in late Cretaceous-Paleogene. Shaximiao Formation began to form oil and gas later than Xujiahe and Ziliujing formations. The first stage is late Cretaceous and the second stage is Paleogene. (3) The influence of basin differential orogenic activities on the accumulation characteristics of continental strata in Northeast Sichuan Basin is mainly shown in three aspects: structural differentiation control source, tectonic evolution control trap, tectonic activity control migration and accumulation. The deep nappe structure and shallow offset structure in Northeast Sichuan Basin are favorable accumulation zones for oil and gas, which are also the next target of exploration.
Effects of Open-Pit Mining on Soil Nutrients Around Mining Area in Desert Steppe
Authors: Rong Hao , Ge Nan , Biyasi A. , Yao Li
Published: October 2023

To study the effects of the open-pit mining area and surrounding area on soil nutrients, we take the Inner Mongolia Typical open-pit metal mine in the desert steppe. Soil nutrient contents were analyzed by collecting soil samples at different distances from the mining area. The results showed that referring to the soil nutrient grading standards, total phosphorus, available potassium and available phosphorus content of soil were at a relatively low level in the study area. The contents of available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased significantly with the increase of distance from the mining center. The results indicated that open-pit mining could obviously affect the accumulation of organic matter and available nutrients in the soil, but had no obvious effect on the pH value of the soil. The content of main nutrients in the soil 1 km-2 km inside and around the mining area was significantly lower than that of CK (natural grassland). When the soil nutrients in the area 5 km away from the mining center were basically similar to the control area, it indicated that the soil nutrients in the area 5 km away from the mining center were basically not affected by mining activities.
Comparisons of Azeotropic Distillation, Infrared Spectrophotometry and Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry for Oil Content Measurement
Authors: Li Keqing , Wang Yin , Zhu Yimin
Published: October 2023

At present, the huge output of oily sludge is seriously harmful to the environment, so it must be treated as resources and detoxification. Oil content is the key technical indicator in its treatment process. In this paper, azeotropic distillation, infrared spectrophotometry and ultraviolet spectrophotometry were used to determine the oil content of two kinds of oily sludge. The results show that the oil content of oil sludge OS-1 and OS-2 measured by azeotropic distillation method is 56.96(±2.65)% and 7.62(±0.63)%, respectively. Azeotropic distillation method is suitable for the three-phase determination of oil, water and residue in oily sludge, and provides basic parameters for the selection of oily sludge treatment method and oil content detection method. The oil content of OS-1 and OS-2 measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry is only 14.78(±1.15)% and 3.16(±0.40)%, respectively. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry is suitable for the detection of oily sludge with unsaturated petroleum hydrocarbons as the main component. Infrared spectrophotometry can fully detect petroleum components, so infrared spectrophotometry is relatively reliable and can be widely used in experiments and production. This study provides theoretical basis and data support for the selection of oil content detection methods for different oily sludge.
Research on the Classification Model of Gas Well Water Production Driven by Production Data of Shale Gas Cage Type Throttle Valve
Authors: Yang Jian , Wang Weilin , Yu Yang
Published: October 2023

Water production from gas wells is an important factor affecting gas well productivity. The excessive fluctuation of pressure after the wellhead water flows interfere with the pressure control gas production process, making it difficult to accurately control the wellhead pressure as a control target and thus affecting productivity, this paper carried out research on shale gas cage type throttle valve production data-driven gas well water production classification model. Firstly, the pre valve temperature, pre valve pressure, post valve temperature, and post valve pressure data from 6 wells on site were collected and preprocessed. Secondly, 39 kinds of data classification algorithms such as precise tree, linear discrimination, logistic regression, and Gaussian naive Bayes were used to predict the water production of the cage type throttle valve. Finally, the judgment results are directly used in the cage type throttle valve control system to solve the problem of real-time synchronization of data caused by the wellhead metering mechanism. The research results show that due to the complex characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase throttling at the wellhead of shale gas wells, the adaptability of traditional statistical classification models to the judgment of shale gas well water production is different. Through experimental verification, the optimized KNN classification model is more suitable for shale gas cage throttle valve production data processing. Based on data-driven methods, this paper can directly determine the water production situation of the throttle valve, and thus achieve real-time adjustment, laying the foundation for remote control of the throttle valve. The research results have important engineering value for improving the production efficiency and automation level of shale gas wells in Sichuan.
Reservoir Characteristics Analysis of Deep Buried and Low Porosity Gas Reservoir
Authors: Liu Zhaolong , Zhang Yongzhong , Zhang Kaiyu , Zhou Peng , Peng Peng
Published: October 2023

After ten years of efficient development, Keshen 8 gas reservoir has consistently maintained high and stable production, establishing itself as one of the successful development blocks within the Tarim Oilfield. However, in the past three years, water breakthrough has emerged in the western region of the Keshen 8 gas reservoir, posing a substantial risk to its stable production due to water invasion. In order to address this issue and enhance gas reservoir recovery, a reservoir description of sandbody, interlayers, and reservoir properties has been conducted. This paper not only offers a better understanding of the Keshen 8 gas reservoir’s current state but also provides a foundation for formulating effective strategies to mitigate the water breakthrough issue. By leveraging the knowledge gained from the analysis, engineers and researchers can devise targeted measures to improve reservoir management, enhance production techniques, and ultimately maximize the recovery efficiency of the gas reservoir.
Assessment of Sidi Abed mountain flora richness through endemic, rare and threatened species in Tiaret, Algeria
Authors:   University of Tiaret, Maamar Benchohra , Berrabah Hicham ,   University Center of Mila, Nouar Belgacem ,   University of Tlemcen, Rabah Hocine Fadlallah ,   University of Tissemsilt
Published: October 2023

To present day, no study has been carried out on the local flora of the Sidi Abed Mountain. Situated southern the city of Tiaret considered as natural barrier before steppe area. Phyto-ecological surveys with 100 m2 Braun-Blanquet minimum area were conducted 75 species, belonging to 29 families and 66 genera has been established. Asteraceae (20%), Fabaceae (10.7), Poaceae (10.7), Lamiaceae (6.7%), Apiaceae (5.3%) and Asparagaceae (5.3) were the most representative families covering more than 50% of the inventoried families. Moreover, Therophytes (48%) are majorly dominant with a notable decrease of the phanerophytes (5,3%) and increase of Hemicryptophytes (22.7%). Predominance of the Mediterranean biogeographic type species with a percentage of (41.3%) followed by the Euro-Mediterranean (10.7%) and West-Mediterranean (10.7%) typical for Mediterranean semi-arid climate. 2 endemic species were present and rarity reached 9% combined of rare (4%) and quite rare (5%). Among the taxa analyzed, 8 are included in the International Union for Conservation of Nature red list with different status and 2 are on the Algerian list of protected non-cultivated species.
Evaluation of Water and Sediment Quality by Bacteriological Diversity Studies on Certain Locations of the Diyala River, Baghdad
Authors:   Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Iraq, Hadi Nabaa Shakir
Published: October 2023

With a focus on the impact of the Rustumiya sewage treatment facility, the physio-chemical and indicator bacterial contamination pollution of the Diyala River (Iraq) was examined. The Diyala River in Baghdad was sampled on a monthly basis from March 2022 to February 2023 for surface water and sediment. The findings demonstrated seasonal and geographical variation in physio-chemical parameters (pH, EC, salinity, and TDS) and bacteriological markers (TC, FC, E. coli, and FS). The research procedures and methods showed that some physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS) in sediment exceeded their standard limits concerning aquatic life protection in spring and summer. The level of bacteriological pollution in the water and sediments, evaluated by tracking of faecal indicator bacteria (E. coli and Enterococci), during the autumn and winter seasons had the largest concentration of bacterial contaminants. In this study, the main finding was the majority of the studied stations had water classified as not recommended or unacceptable and sediment classified as acceptable or conservatively accepted. The source of contamination, determined by the ratio value of faecal coliform bacteria to faecal Streptococcus, was from human origin in the majority of studied stations, and from mixed origin during the spring and summer. Bacterial indicators in this research exhibited both quantitative and qualitative fluctuation, suggesting their potential utility as a bio-indicator for contamination of water and sediment in the Diyala River.
A társadalmi alakulat fogalma és típusai
Authors: Farkas Zoltán
Published: October 2023

A tanulmány első részében először meghatározom a társadalmi alakulat fogalmát, majd felvázolom az alakulat funkcióját. A társadalmi alakulat a társadalom átfogó szerveződési formája, amely magában foglalja egyrészt a mindennapi társadalmi élet szférájának a társadalmi struktúráját, másrészt a politikai élet szférájának a társadalmi struktúráját, valamint a mindennapi társadalmi struktúra politikai társadalmi struktúrában történő leképeződésének a formáját és mértékét. Felfogásom szerint a mindennapi társadalmi struktúra és a politikai struktúra közötti meghatározottság kétoldalú, de ez a kétoldalú meghatározottság időben elkülönül egymástól. A második részben megkülönböztetem egymástól a társadalmi alakulat négy fő típusát: a monista, a félmonista, a félpluralista és a pluralista társadalmi alakulatot. A tipizálás során figyelembe veszem egyrészt azt, hogy az adott társadalom politikai struktúráját monista vagy pluralista politikai erőviszonyok jellemzik. Ezzel szorosan összefügg a másik szempont, tehát az, hogy milyen az adott társadalom mindennapi társadalmi struktúrája. Rámutatok arra, hogy a tipikus társadalmi alakulatokhoz elvileg hozzárendelhetünk kisebb vagy nagyobb mértékű társadalmi egyenlőtlenségeket kifejező társadalmi állapotrétegződést és rendi rétegződést.
Költségtér és kultúra
Authors: Halmos Károly
Published: October 2023

A kultúra szó látszólag nem igényel különösebb magyarázatot, bár azt hangsúlyozni kell, hogy a gondolatmenet a kifejezést tág értelemben használja. Nemcsak tudatos tevékenységet, kifinomult alkotást kell érteni alatta, hanem bármiféle – akár nem is tudatos – formaképzést is. A költségtér nem valami szabatos közgazdasági értelemben szerepel, de akként azt fejezné ki, hogy a gazdálkodás költségei a tér tekintetében nem semlegesek, a különböző célok érdekében folytatott emberi tevékenység során fellépő áldozatok (költségek) a teret alakítják, jellegzetes minták keletkezhetnek, amelyeket az emberek nemcsak létrehoznak, hanem azokhoz viszonyulnak is. A költségek abszolút, illetve egymáshoz mért változása akár rövid idő alatt is sok változást idézhet elő abban a televényben, amit F. Braudel anyagi kultúrának nevez. Ha tetszik: az emberi történelem költségek és haszonáldozatok története.