bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ ОБРАБОТКИ ПЕРВИЧНЫХ ДАННЫХ МОНИТОРИНГА КАЧЕСТВА ВОД И ДОННЫХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ВОДНЫХ ОБЪЕКТОВ
Authors: Валиев Всеволод Сергеевич , Хасанов Рустам Равилевич , Шамаев Денис Евгеньевич
Published: December 2021

Разработано локальное приложение для Windows, реализованное в виде комплекса из трех модулей, осуществляющих расчет удельных комбинаторных индексов воды и донных отложений поверхностных водных объектов, а также байесову вероятность загрязнения. Тестирование комплекса продемонстрировало его высокую эффективность и простоту в использовании, обеспечивающую быструю, надежную и комплексную оценку качества водных объектов.

Библиографические ссылки

1. Буч Г. Объектно-ориентированное проектирование с примерами применения. Киев: Диалектика; М.: Конкорд, 1992. 519 с.2. Валиев В.С., Иванов Д.В., Шагидуллин Р.Р. Метод комплексной оценки загрязненности донных отложений // Труды Карельского научного центра РАН. Сер. Лимнология и океанология 2019. №9. С. 51–59. doi: 10.17076/lim1122/3. Валиев В.С., Иванов Д.В., Зиганшин И.И., Шамаев Д.Е., Хасанов Р.Р., Маланин В.В., Марасов А.А., Шагидуллин Р.Р. Методика комплексной оценки качества донных отложений водных объектов по содержанию загрязняющих веществ // Озера Евразии: проблемы и пути их решения / Материалы II международной конференции. Казань: Изд-во Академии наук РТ, 2019. Ч. 2. С. 43‒49.4. РД 52.24.643-2002. Метод комплексной оценки степени загрязненности поверхностных вод по гидрохимическим показателям.5. Региональные нормативы «Фоновое содержание нефтепродуктов в донных отложениях поверхностных водных объектов Республики Татарстан» (утв. Приказом Министерства экологии и природных ресурсов РТ от 20.02.2020 г.)6. Региональные нормативы «Фоновое содержание тяжелых металлов в донных отложениях поверхностных водных объектов Республики Татарстан» (утв. Приказом Министерства экологии и природных ресурсов РТ от 27.03.2019 г.)7. Тунакова Ю.А., Галимова А.Р., Новикова С.В., Шагидуллин Р.Р., Валиев В.С., Габдрахманова Г.Н. Система оценки и управления качеством питьевых вод (на примере территории г. Казани). Казань: Фолиант, 2016. 140 с.8. Calculating NSF Water Quality Index – National Sanitation Foundation. Электронный ресурс: https://water-research.net/index.php/water-treatment/water-monitoring/monitoring-the-quality-of-surfacewaters (дата обращения: 15.06.2021).9. Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines. Электронный ресурс: https://ccme.ca/en/ current-activities/canadian-environmental-quality-guidelines (дата обращения: 15.06.2021).10. Tesler L. Object Pascal Report // Structured language world. 1985. V. 9 (3). P. 7‒10.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ДИФФЕРЕНЦИРОВАННАЯ ОЦЕНКА УРОВНЯ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ВОЗДУХА СТАЦИОНАРНЫМИ ИСТОЧНИКАМИ В Г. КАЗАНИ
Authors: Ибрагимова Аделина Артуровна , Шагидуллин Артур Рифгатович , Габдрахимова Виолетта Алмазовна , Шагидуллина Раиса Абдулловна , Шагидуллин Рифгат Роальдович
Published: December 2021

На основе результатов расчетов рассеивания выбросов стационарных источников проведена оценка качества атмосферного воздуха в г. Казани. Для анализа использовались максимальные разовые концентрации, выраженные в долях гигиенических нормативов, референтных концентраций при остром ингаляционном воздействии и порогов запахов веществ для оценки кратковременных (пиковых) уровней воздействия на человека, а также индекс загрязнения атмосферного воздуха для оценки долговременного (хронического) воздействия. По результатам проведенных расчетов на территории города определены зоны, соответствующие различным уровням загрязнения атмосферы.

Библиографические ссылки

1. Методы расчетов рассеивания выбросов вредных (загрязняющих) веществ в атмосферном воздухе. Утв. приказом Минприроды РФ от 06.06.2017 г. №273.2. «Ведение системы расчетного мониторинга за состоянием атмосферного воздуха для выявления источников загрязнения, деятельность которых является причиной повышенной загазованности атмосферного воздуха в городе Казани». Отчет по государственному контракту №20 МЭ-4с. Казань: ИПЭН АН РТ, 2020. 247 с.3. Приказ Министерства природных ресурсов и экологии Российской Федерации от 11.08.2020 г. № 581 «Об утверждении методики разработки (расчета) и установления нормативов допустимых выбросов загрязняющих веществ в атмосферный воздух».4. P 2.1.10.1920‒04. Руководство по оценке риска для здоровья населения при воздействии химических веществ, загрязняющих окружающую среду.5. РД 52.04.186-89. Руководство по контролю загрязнения атмосферы.6. СанПиН 1.2.3685-21 Гигиенические нормативы и требования к обеспечению безопасности и (или) безвредности для человека факторов среды обитания.7. Тунакова Ю.А., Шагидуллина Р.А., Новикова С.В., Валиев В.С. Методология нормирования приоритетных загрязняющих веществ в компонентах урбоэкосистемы. Казани: Отечество, 2014. 160 с.8. Шагидуллин А.Р., Шагидуллина Р.А., Камалов Р.И., Шагидуллин Р.Р. Сводные расчеты загрязнения атмосферного воздуха как инструмент управления качеством окружающей среды // Сборник научных трудов Института проблем экологии и недропользования АН РТ. Казани: Отечество, 2014. С. 337‒346.
ВМІСТ ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧНИХ ПІГМЕНТІВ У ЛИСТКАХ ГРЕЧКИ ЗА ДІЇ БІОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ
Authors: Karpenko V. P. , Mostoviak I. I. , Datsenko A. A. , Prytuliak R. M. , Zabolotnyi O. I.
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of a field experiment to study the effects of different rates of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin under different methods of using the plant growth regulator Radostim (seed treatment before sowing and spraying crops) on the content of chlorophyll a and b in buckwheat leaves of Yelena variety, their sum and carotenoids. Determination of chlorophyll a and b, their sum and carotenoids was performed in selected samples of buckwheat leaves in the field conditions, in the phases of stem branching and the beginning of flowering according to the method described by V.F. Gavrylenko and T.V. Zhyhalova using a spectrophotometer. The pigment concentration was calculated from Holm-Wettstein's equations for 100 % acetone. It was found that the content of photosynthetic pigments in buckwheat leaves is conditioned by the weather, rates and methods of application of the studied microbial preparations and phases of plant development. In particular, the analysis of chlorophyll and carotenoid content in the early flowering phase of buckwheat plants showed a significant increase compared to the phase of stem branching, which may be due to increased physiological and biochemical processes in plants, against the background of improving mineral nutrition, growth and plant development. Thus, with the multiple use of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin in the rates of 150, 175 and 200 ml and the stimulator of plant growth Radostim in the rate of 250 ml / t for seed treatment before sowing, the content of chlorophylls a and b, their sum and carotenoids with increasing application of Diazobacterin increased and the excess relative to control ranged within: 29–31 % for chlorophyll a; 10–11 % for chlorophyll b; 24–26 % for their sum and 23–24 % for carotenoids. At the same time, with a complex application for pre-sowing seed treatment of a mixture of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin in the rate of 200 ml per hectare of seeds with the stimulator of plant growth Radostym in the rate of 250 ml / t followed by spraying on this background crops the stimulator of plant growth Radostim in the rate of 50 ml / ha buckwheat leaves form the highest content of chlorophyll a in comparison with the control (40 %); chlorophyll b (15 %); the sum of chlorophyll a + b (33 %) and carotenoids (29 %). These data indicate the creation of more favorable conditions for physiological and biochemical processes in plants, including photosynthesis, with the direct positive effect of which, functionally active pigment complex of the leaf apparatus of buckwheat is formed.
ВИДИ ПІДРОДИНИ NIMPHALINAE В ЗООЛОГІЧНИХ КОЛЕКЦІЯХ ТЕРНОПІЛЬСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПЕДАГОГІЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ ВОЛОДИМИРА ГНАТЮКА
Authors: Holinei H. M. , Prokopiak M. Z. , Roketska O. V. , Shevchyk L. O. , Kryzhanovska M. A.
Published: December 2021

The species diversity of the insects of Nimphalinae subfamily (Lepidoptera order), which are stored in the entomological collection of The Botany and Zoology Department of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University were studied. The insects were collected by the students during their teacher training and also by the amateur entomologists during 2000–2020. These insects are in the collections of The Botany and Zoology Department. The species composition of the collected insects was analyzed. There are 202 individuals of Nimphalinae subfamily. Identified insects belong to five genus (Vanessa, Inachis, Agаlis, Polygonia, Nymphalis). The largest number of individuals of this subfamily was calculated (Inachis io –75, Vanessa atalanta – 52, Cynthia cardui – 45). Also 13 individuals of Agаlis urticae and 12 individuals of Polygonia c-album were found. All species of Rhopalocera of European fauna are in The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Most of them are classified as Least Concern (LC). Widespread, numerous and common species of the Nimphalinae subfamily were found in the funds of The Botany and Zoology Department. Identified species belong to the LC category of The IUCN Red List. The Compton tortoiseshell (Nymphalis vaualbum) is included in The Red Data Book of Ukraine (2009). Its conservation status is invaluable. Nymphalis vaualbum was not found in the entomological collections of The Botany and Zoology Department of TNPU.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТРАНСПОРТУ ЦИНКУ І КАДМІЮ ЧЕРЕЗ МЕМБРАНИ ЕРИТРОЦИТІВ ЗА ДІЇ ПІДВИЩЕНИХ КОНЦЕНТРАЦІЙ ЇХ ІОНІВ У ВОДІ
Authors: Khomnechuk V. O. , Senyk Yu. I. , Kurant V. Z.
Published: December 2021

The peculiarities of Zinc and Cadmium transport through carp erythrocyte membranes in vitro after 14 acclimatization of fish to elevated concentrations of Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions were studied. It has been established, that the uptake of Zinc and Cadmium by carp erythrocytes is to a certain extent a regulated and concentration-dependent process. The uptake of Zinc and Cadmium has been shown to involve two stages: rapid sorption of metals by the membrane surface of fish erythrocytes and slower penetration through the apical membrane of red blood cells. The increase in the value of the Michaelis constant of sorption of metal ions by erythrocytes of fish acclimatized to elevated concentrations of Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions indicates a decrease in their affinity for metals, which is the adaptive response of cells to elevated concentrations of toxicants. The nature of the penetration of Zinc and Cadmium through the biological membrane of red blood cells of fish acclimatized to the action of 2 MPC of Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions is obviously the result of significant violations of cell membrane integrity, and, consequently, reduced ability to regulate and limit the flow of studied metals .
СТАН ПРЕДСТАВНИКІВ РОДУ POPULUS L. У ПАРКУ «САКСАГАНСЬКИЙ» МІСТА КРИВИЙ РІГ (ДНІПРОПЕТРОВСЬКА ОБЛАСТЬ)
Authors: Yukhimenko Y. S. , Boyko L. I. , Danilchuk N. M. , Krasnoshtan O. V. , Korzh O. P.
Published: December 2021

We studied the state of poplars in the park Saksaganskyi in Kryvyi Rih, their share being 14.6 % of the total number of trees and 21 % of the total number of taxa. The vast majority of specimens are aged 40; such trees in the conditions of Kryvyi Rih need constant care. The general condition of poplars can be considered weakened, it may be due to the lack of proper care. Plantations of Populus simonii are of the best state, while those of P. berolinensis are of the worst state. Preliminary expert assessment of the peculiarities of poplar operation, in particular the determination of the optimal pruning type and age limits for complete removal of plants, is appropriate to determine maintenance works. It is recommended to enrich the park plantings with new plantings of P. bolleana, which have high aesthetic properties, as well as to introduce species of this genus, in particular P. suaveolens Fisch. ex Loudon, P. balsamifera L. et al.
УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НЕЙРО-ГЛІАЛЬНО-КАПІЛЯРНИХ ВІДНОСИН СА3 ПОЛЯ ГІПОКАМПА ЧЕРЕЗ 21 ДОБУ ЗА УМОВ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЇ ТЕРМІЧНОЇ ТРАВМИ
Authors: Lytvynyuk S. O. , Lykhatskyi P. H. , Pryvrotska I. B. , Lisnychuk N. Y.
Published: December 2021

Severe thermal injury leads to a number of morphofunctional changes that occur in violation of integrity or loss of skin in deep burns and endogenous intoxication on the background of which significant structural and metabolic disorders in all organs and systems of the affected organism are developed. This is manifested in a complicated symptom complex of burn disease. Changes in the central nervous system play an important role in the pathogenesis of burn injury, the nature and depth of morphofunctional changes in individual cerebral structures, in particular in the hippocampus (central organ of the limbic system, which is especially sensitive to various pathogens), after thermal lesions remain poorly studied. The aim of our study was to establish the features of submicroscopic changes in the structural components of the hippocampus after 21 days under conditions of experimental thermal injury. The experimental study was performed on white laboratory male rats. Third-degree burns were applied under thiopental-sodium anesthesia with copper plates heated in boiled water to a temperature of 97–100°C. The size of the affected area was 18–20% of the rats’ body epilated surface. Histological changes were studied on the 21st day from the beginning of the experiment. For electron microscopy, the obtained ultrathin sections were contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate according to the Reynolds method. It was found that on the 21st day after the experimental thermal injury significant alternative changes in neurons, glial cells and the microcirculatory tract of the hippocampus were defined which developed on the background of excessive endogenous intoxication. Neurons are hypochromic and sharply hyperchromic, disorganized and have an altered shape; there are cell-free areas. Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, mitochondria are destructively changed. Degeneration of macroglial cells has been noticed. Their nuclei are high in electron density in which heterochromatin predominates. Destruction and lysis of organelles, lysosomes have also been found in the cytoplasm. These changes of astrocytic glia lead to impaired trophic function and the relation between astrocytes and blood capillaries. Hemocapillaries wall remodeling is manifested by the total edema, compaction of the basement membrane. The lumenal surface of the plasmolemma of endothelial cells is homogeneous, indistinctly contoured. The cytoplasm of endothelial cells is swollen, enlightened, and poor in organelles; there is a small number of micropinocytic bubbles and vesicles.
Processos metonímicos no movimento FemVertising sob enfoque crítico e multimodal
Authors: Araújo Edna Clara Januário de
Published: December 2021

Considerando a mudança de posicionamento no campo publicitário diante das novas demandas sociais, este trabalho busca examinar, na materialidade linguageira e nos aspectos imagéticos, de que forma as escolhas linguísticas e visuais de três peças publicitárias de produtos de beleza veiculadas pelas marcas quem disse berenice?, Avon e Dove nos permitem identificar as ideologias subjacentes às publicidades e sua relação com os interesses mercadológicos das marcas. Consideramos que essas peças publicitárias compõem o movimento FemVertising e, para analisá-las, contamos com as contribuições da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, da Gramática do Design Visual e a Multimodalidade, além dos princípios teóricos da Análise Crítica do Discurso. A partir do exame dos textos, observou-se que as marcas modulam os textos multimodais de suas peças publicitárias a fim de convencer o público-alvo de seu posicionamento engajado e comprometido com as atuais demandas sociais relativas à representação da mulher. Este trabalho busca apresentar uma reflexão acerca do posicionamento da publicidade diante do ressurgimento de movimentos contestatórios de cunho feminista, lançando luz sobre o estudo das estratégias persuasivas na publicidade contemporânea, evidenciando seus modos de orientar e reforçar determinados pontos de vista de acordo com seus objetivos mercadológicos
POVIJESNI RAZVOJ PRAVA NA SAMOODREĐENJE IZMEĐU DVA RATA - LENJIN VS. WILSON
Authors: Bježančević Sanja
Published: December 2021

The end of the two great world wars and the disappearance of the current political regimes have resulted in the creation of new states in the international order. With the collapse of multinational states and awakening of national consciousness, the aspirations of peoples for their own national states started to appear. Requirements for self-determination resulted primarily from the decolonization process, but also as a reflection of political relations in the post-war Europe. At the end of the First World War, there were events and people contributing to the development of rights of the people to self-determination and helping the oppressed nations in achieving their aspirations to decide their own destiny within their own national states. On the one hand, there were the workers’ self-determination and revolution in Russia as essential elements in the development of the right to self-determination in the political principle and Lenin's attitudes on self-determination. On the other hand, there were fourteen points and US President Woodrow Wilson with his views on the right to self-determination.
O AKTUALNOSTI CASUUM COMMORIENTIUM U RIMSKOM I SUVREMENOM EUROPSKOM PRIVATNOM PRAVU
Authors: Hebib Mirza
Published: December 2021

In the Roman legal tradition, but also in modern civil law systems, the term commorientes (lat. commorientes) refers to persons who died in the same accident or other danger, standing in a legal position relevant to inheritance law. In connection with the resolution of such situations in the theory of private law, various legal presumptions have been developed since the period of classical Roman law. All these presumptions can be systematized within two basic concepts - the first based on the presumption of survival of subjects and the second based on the presumption of the simultaneous death of subjects. Comparatively, in the development of European private law, there has been a reception of both concepts, with the proviso that over time the concept of simultaneity will almost completely suppress the concept of survival. The paper analyzes the reasons for this. In establishing a link between Roman roots and European private law, special attention is given to the possibility of applying presumptions in cases where there is a certain spatial or temporal distance between the deaths of persons or if a different cause has led to fatal consequences. Ultimately, the paper clearly points to the importance of Roman rules, which can sometimes be fundamental in understanding the institutes of contemporary private law.
IZAZOVI PRAVNOG UREĐENJA UPOTREBE OSOBNIH PODATAKA IZ GENSKIH TESTOVA U SVRHU OSIGURANJA
Authors: Bukovac Puvača Maja , Bealnić Loris
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with the issue of using genetic tests for insurance purposes. After introductory remarks, the paper provides an overview of various international and European legal sources both on data protection in general, and on the protection of data from genetic tests. The paper then researches into different solutions proposed by comparative law concerning the use of data from genetic tests for insurance purposes. Some solutions explicitly ban the use of genetic tests for insurance purposes (France, Austria, Portugal, Croatia), while others adopt a more liberal approach, allowing for its use (the USA, the UK, Germany). It is concluded that personal data protection does not exclude the possibility using data from genetic tests for insurance purposes, which proves the need for a common EU approach to the issue.
UPORABNI MODEL KAO NOVI OBLIK ZAŠTITE IZUMA
Authors: Jurić Dionis
Published: December 2021

The utility model is a new form for the protection of inventions introduced in the Croatian law by the Patent Act of 2020. It entitles the utility model owner to exclusive right to use and dispose of the invention that is the subject of protection from the date of publication of the utility model registration. The utility model protection validity is ten years from the date of submission of the utility model application, with the payment of the annual maintenance fee. The utility model registration procedure is initiated by a special application. The State Intellectual Property Office examines its conformity with the law and does not examine the novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability of the invention. It does not compose the search report of the state of the art. Certain inventions cannot be protected by the utility model. The Patent Act allows branching off a utility model application from a patent application for the same invention. It also allows conversion of the patent application to a utility model application and vice versa. The utility model owner may request a full examination of the protected invention by the State Intellectual Property Office and conversion of the utility model into a patent. This request may be submitted no later than the end of the seventh year of the validity of the utility model protection. Third parties may request the declaration of nullity of the utility model during the whole period of its validity. The utility model owner is not entitled to sue the persons who infringe his exclusive rights.
Kesalahan Berbahasa Tataran Sintaksis Bidang Kalimat pada Komentar Youtube Najwa Shihab Melawan Corona
Authors: Wenty Agustin  , M. Nur Mustafa  , Elvrin Septyanti
Published: December 2021

This study aims to identify and describe the form of language errors at the syntactic level in the sentence field in the Youtube commentary of Najwa Shihab Melawan Corona. This type of research is qualitative or can be interpreted as research that emphasizes the quality of data collected using descriptive methods. Sources of data in this study are comments written by YouTube users on the Najwa Shihab Melawan Corona broadcast. The data in this study are writings that represent the opinions of Youtube users regarding related videos. The data collection techniques used in this study were reading and note-taking techniques. The data analysis technique used in this study was data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study found language errors in the sentence field in the form of non-subjected sentences, non-predicated sentences, lucky sentences, duplication of subjects, illogical sentences, ambiguity sentences, conjunction omissions, Excessive use of conjunctions, unparalleled sequences, use of foreign terms and use of unnecessary question words.
Ragam Bahasa Santai dalam Tuturan Ilokusioner pada Kegiatan Diskusi Publik Sinau Kedaulatan dan Kebudayaan Bersama Cak Nun
Authors: Lulu Talitha , Gigit Mujianto
Published: December 2021

The study was intended to analyze the casual language variations in the iloquestionnaire's speechs on the public discussion activities. This study uses sociolinguistics concepts from John R Searle’s theory to analyze the problems of casual language variations and any form of iloquestionnaire's speechs. This study is a qualitative descriptive research. The data collection technique that used is purposive sampling method, which in taking samples is concerned with the purpose and problems of research. Data obtained by using transcription videos of “diskusi publik kedaulatan dan kebudayaan bersama cak Nun”. This study uses data analysis techniques in the form of content analysis. The data analysis techniques are as follows: 1) looking back over the data already collected, 2) classifying the data according to the question of variations in casual language and iloquestionnaire's speech, 3) interpreting the data with a sociolinguistic approach and John R Searle's theory, and 4) concluding the findings. Studies showed that discussion activities use a variety of casual language with characteristic Javanese, Alegro forms, elliptic sentences, and a mixture of the foreign language code, English and Arabic, and Normative. In the discussion activities, there are various forms of iloquconsequence, referral, commission, expressive, and declarative
Pengembangan Media Articulate Storyline dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Puisi pada Kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Sukabumi
Authors: Mardiyani Ranny , Deden Ahmad Supendi  , Fauziah Suparman
Published: December 2021

Learning media is one of the supporting facilities in teaching and learning activities. In this time of the COVID-19 pandemic, online-based learning media is very necessary. The lack of teacher ability in using interactive learning media makes online learning even more boring, especially in learning to write poetry. The articulate storyline is one software that can produce more interesting learning media. Using many features can produce learning media that are more varied, innovative, and easy to use. The research method used is RND, which has ten research steps that the researchers then simplified into four main steps, namely the research and data collection stage, the planning stage, the product development stage, and the validation and testing stage. Media development results are a product of a poem made by class X students at SMA Negeri 2 Sukabumi. The product was produced after learning poetry material using online interactive learning media. Three validators assessed the media feasibility level. The material validator is given a feasibility value of 82%, the medium validator is given a value of 80%, and the Indonesian language learning validator is given 84%. Meanwhile, 89% of students responded "Ya" in student responses, and 11% of students responded "Tidak". Based on the validator's assessment results, the media was considered very feasible to be used in schools and received a positive response from students.
Decoding Complexity in Structure-Sensitive Reactions
Authors: Omojola Toyin
Published: December 2021

Structure-sensitive reactions involving the Mars and van Krevelen mechanism over metal and metal oxide catalysts are ubiquitous in reaction kinetics and engineering. The kinetic equations of such reactions are re-written to account for modern operando spectroscopy and microscopy observations. Emphasis is placed on reactions with nucleophilic (lattice) oxygen, oxygen reduction reversibility, an interconversion scheme, non-linear water adsorption, remote-control model, and non-uniform sites. The multiplicity of propane conversion over MoVTeNbOx catalysts is proven through a combination of non-linear competitive water adsorption, the presence of multiple active sites, a re-structuring active site, and oxygen adsorption. The modified remote-control kinetics for the Mars and van Krevelen mechanism can account for the observations of steady-state multiplicities and hysteresis. The results have implications for improving catalytic activity, reducing operating process costs, and active site engineering of selective oxidation catalysis.
Magnetic Exchange Interactions in Binuclear and Tetranuclear Iron (III) Complexes Described by Spin-Flip DFT and Heisenberg Effective Hamiltonians
Authors: Kotaru Saikiran , Alessio Maristella , Krylov Anna I.
Published: December 2021

Low-energy spectra of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) are often described by the Heisenberg Hamiltonian. Within this formalism, exchange interactions between magnetic centers determine the ground-state multiplicity and energy separation between the ground and excited states. In this contribution, we extract exchange coupling constants (J) for a set of iron (III) binuclear and tetranuclear complexes from all-electron calculations using non-collinear spin-flip time-dependent density functional theory (NC-SF-TDDFT). For the series of binuclear complexes with J-values ranging from -6 to -132 cm−1 , our benchmark calculations using the short-range hybrid LRC-ωPBEh functional and 6-31G(d,p) basis set agree well (mean absolute error of 4.7 cm−1) with the experimentally derived values. For the tetranuclear SMMs, the computed J constants are within 6 cm−1 from the values extracted from the experiment. We explore the range of applicability of the Heisenberg model by analyzing the radical character in the binuclear iron (III) complexes using natural orbitals (NO) and their occupations. On the basis of the number of effectively unpaired electrons and the NO occupancies, we attribute larger errors observed in strongly anti-ferromagnetic species to an increased ionic character. The results illustrate the efficiency of the spin-flip protocol for computing the exchange couplings and the utility of the NO analysis in assessing the validity of effective spin Hamiltonians.
Ionic Conductivity of Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Li10GeP2S12: The Detrimental Impact of Local Disorder on Ion Transport
Authors: Hogrefe Katharina , Schweiger Lukas , Gadermaier Bernhard , Rupp Jennifer L. M. , Wilkening H. Martin R.
Published: December 2021

Solid electrolytes with extraordinarily high Li-ionic conductivities are key for high performance all-solid-state batteries. So far, the thiophosphate Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS) belongs to the best Li ion conductors with an ionic conductivity exceeding 10 mS cm–1 at ambient. Recent molecular dynamics simulations performed by Dawson and Islam predict that the ionic conductivity of LGPS can be further enhanced by a factor of three if the crystallite size is reduced to the nanometer regime. A change in local ion coordination, hence local disorder, has been assumed to facilitate Li diffusion in the ab-plane of LGPS. As yet, no experimental evidence exists supporting this fascinating prediction. Here, we synthesized nanocrystalline LGPS by high-energy ball milling, characterized the material structurally and probed the Li+ ion transport parameters. Whereas X-ray powder diffraction and high-resolution 31P and 6Li magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy helped us to determine morphological changes and local structures upon milling, broadband conductivity spectroscopy in combination with electric modulus measurements allowed us to precisely follow the changes in Li+ ion dynamics. Surprisingly and against the behavior of other electrolytes, ionic conductivity turned out to decrease with increasing milling time, finally leading to a reduction of σ20°C by almost a factor of 10. This decrease affects both, bulk ion dynamics and total conductivity, which also comprises Li+ transport across grain boundary regions in LGPS. As could be shown by NMR, ball-milling leads to a structurally heterogeneous sample with the nm-sized LGPS crystallites being embedded in an amorphous matrix. This amorphous phase is responsible for the reduced performance of the milled electrolyte. Importantly, careful separation of the amorphous and (nano)crystalline contributions to the overall ionic conductivity revealed that even in the nanocrystalline regions Li+ ion dynamics is slowed down compared to untreated, coarse-grained LGPS. We conclude that defects introduced into the LGPS bulk structure via ball milling have a negative impact on ionic transport. We postulate that such kind of structural disorder is detrimental to fast ion transport in materials whose transport properties rely on crystallographically well-defined diffusion pathways.
Psicología ambiental: un breve recorrido por la disciplina
Authors: Chaustre Jota Daniel
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar una revisión de literatura acerca de la psicología ambiental, la cual es considerada una disciplina que estudia la relación entre el individuo y el medio ambiente. Debido a la gran diversidad que existe en las maneras en que se estudia la relación entre el individuo y el medio ambiente, tomando en cuenta que este último incluye tanto al ambiente social como al físico, así como el ambiente natural y el ambiente construido, se elaboró acerca de la definición de la psicología ambiental y de sus características más resaltantes. Posteriormente, se incluyeron entre los puntos a considerar los métodos de estudio que habitualmente se emplean dentro de la disciplina, así como los posibles niveles de análisis en que se suelen segmentar las investigaciones particulares de la psicología ambiental: desde niveles considerados como microambientes hasta ambientes globales; seguidamente se comentó acerca de dos de los campos de estudio más resaltantes: las actitudes ambientales y el desarrollo sustentable. Finalmente, se comentó acerca del futuro de la psicología ambiental, considerando el incremento de las problemáticas y preocupaciones ambientales.
Comprensión de los cambios en la conceptualización del trastorno del espectro autista para la inclusión educativa
Authors: Sandoval Carmen , Quispe Flor , Guillén Rosa
Published: December 2021

El artículo presenta los resultados de una revisión de literatura que explica los cambios en la conceptualización del trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) durante el último siglo, desde los estudios de Bleuler hasta la actualidad. La información bibliográfica fue recogida durante los meses de octubre del 2020 y abril del 2021. El análisis realizado muestra que el concepto sobre el TEA ha variado a lo largo del tiempo, pasando por diversas posturas: primero fue entendido desde un plano psiquiátrico hasta lo que ahora se reconoce como un trastorno del neurodesarrollo. Se detallan las principales características y signos de alarma que acompañan al TEA en la primera infancia, desde la perspectiva actual que lo enmarca dentro de los trastornos del neurodesarrollo y tiene un carácter dimensional. La información que aporta esta investigación está orientada hacia los principales agentes involucrados en la educación de los niños diagnosticados con TEA, que pueda ser divulgada entre los docentes y las personas interesadas a fin de poder identificar las señales de alerta antes de los tres primeros años de vida.
Indicadores de prescripción racional de medicamentos: factibilidad de aplicación en instituciones de las Américas
Authors: Dorati Cristian Matías , Mordujovich Buschiazzo Perla , Marín Gustavo H. , Buschiazzo Héctor O. , Rojas-Cortés Robin , Alfonso Arvez María José , Cardozo José M. , Marin Danini , Hernández de Hernández Gilda I. , Maldonado Noemi Lugo , Piva Hugo Marín , Rego José , Dussault Sarahan , Velandia Laura Pineda , Porrás Analía , Castro José Luis
Published: December 2021

Objetivo.

Evaluar la factibilidad de monitorear la calidad de la utilización de medicamentos en instituciones sanitarias de países de la Región de las Américas mediante indicadores de prescripción racional.

Métodos.

Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de utilización de medicamentos durante el período 2016-2018. Se desarrollaron y seleccionaron indicadores de prescripción racional de acuerdo a referencias internacionales y a la mejor evidencia disponible para: 1) antiinflamatorios: porcentaje de prescripción de ibuprofeno y/o naproxeno sobre prescripción total de antinflamatorios no esteroideos; 2) antidiabéticos orales: metformina como porcentaje de todos los antidiabéticos prescritos, metformina y/o sulfonilureas como porcentaje de todos los antidiabéticos prescritos; 3) insulinas: insulina cristalina y NPH como porcentaje del total de insulinas prescritas y 4) medicamentos antihipertensivos: porcentaje de inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina (IECA), antagonistas de los receptores de la angiotensina II (ARA-II) y diuréticos tiazídicos sobre el total de antihipertensivos prescritos. Se empleó la dosis diaria definida (DDD) por 1 000 habitantes y día (DHD) como medida del consumo por institución.

Resultados.

La prescripción de metformina con relación a todos los antidiabéticos fue menor al valor del indicador de referencia (27,9%-67,6% vs. 88%), mientras que la prescripción de metformina y/o una sulfonilurea fue comparable con dicho valor (80,9%-97,5% vs. 88%). Los valores de insulina NPH, cristalina y NPH/ cristalina con relación a las insulinas prescritas fueron variables frente al valor del indicador de referencia (37,1%-100% vs. 75%). La prescripción de ibuprofeno y naproxeno estuvo por debajo del valor del indicador (20%-50% vs. 80%). El porcentaje de IECA, ARA-II y tiazidas respecto a todos los antihipertensivos osciló entre 65,2%-77,2% vs 65%, acorde al valor del indicador propuesto

Conclusiones.

Se demostró la factibilidad de aplicar los indicadores de prescripción racional seleccionados y construidos, que proporcionan información útil para analizar la calidad de la prescripción en las instituciones sanitarias de países de la Región y representan una herramienta útil para su monitoreo periódico.
Cartografias da sala de aula: o fracionamento das relações étnico-racializadas
Authors: Fátima Garcia Maria de , Silva de Azevedo Micarla , Pereira Aires Ana Maria
Published: December 2021

Esta pesquisa aborda o racismo na sala de aula numa turma do 4º Ano do Ensino Fundamental em uma escola pública na microrregião do Seridó Potiguar, estado do Rio Grande do Norte. O estudo investiga a relação entre crianças negras e não-negras sob a ótica dos estudos decoloniais e pressupostos da cartografia social da sala de aula por meio da metodologia de ensino do Trabalho em Grupo. O estudo caracteriza-se como qualitativo quanto a abordagem, e exploratório quanto aos objetivos. Os resultados apontam comportamentos excludentes adotados por crianças não-negras e professores, sendo que a cor da pele (de)marca os lugares de (não)pertencimento dos alunos negros gerando visível tensionamento no processo de constituição da identidade negra e consequente perda do potencial escolar dessas crianças.
Mulheres Negras, Ensino Superior e Sucesso Profissional: enfrentando o racismo
Authors: Barbosa Santos Alessandra
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho monográfico tem como tema a mulher negra e moradora de periferia e das comunidades do Rio de Janeiro, destinadas historicamente a um status de menoridade social, tanto na educação quanto no mercado de trabalho, mas com a educação tiveram seu futuro reescrito, o trabalho teve como objetivo problematizar o racismo estrutural, machismo e falta de oportunidades presentes na sociedade. A metodologia utilizada foram relatos de vida de mulheres negras e ex moradoras de periferias, pesquisa bibliográfica de diferentes autores, e uma perspectiva do movimento feminista negro. Foi concluído que a mulher negra ainda está em desvantagem de oportunidades na sociedade, entretanto, com a política de cotas e bolsas na universidade, ela tem conseguido conquistar cada vez mais espaços e se inserido no campo profissional que almeja, mesmo que ainda existam muitos paradigmas para serem quebrados.
Engajando a reentrada do prisioneiro: identidades, masculinidade e posicionalidade de ex-infratores
Authors: Williamson Kenneth M.
Published: December 2021

Este artigo explora as surpreendentes disparidades raciais no encarceramento e as dificuldades de reentrada para jovens adultos afro-americanos e latinos nos Estados Unidos. Quinze ex-criminosos afro-americanos e latinos foram entrevistados no estado deConnecticut em 2005-2006; a maioria foi encarcerada na adolescência e todos em algum momento entre as idades de 16-25. O artigo defende um repensar mais amplo da reentrada, além da prevenção da reincidência e minimizando o estigma de ser um ex-infrator por meio do foco nas identidades, masculinidades e posicionalidade. As ideias de masculinidade podem ajudar a mitigar o estigma extremo que os homens latinos e afro-americanos.
De Vida Infantil à Vida Juvenil: uma jornada pelos arquivos
Authors: Pinheiro Dos Santos De Souza Mariana Elena
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo visa traçar um panorama relativo à pesquisa em arquivos, com especial ênfase nos arquivos físicos. Busca-se narrar o processo de pesquisa vivenciado tanto no âmbito do mestrado, finalizado em 2019, quanto no do doutorado, em curso. Ambas as pesquisas têm como objeto e fonte periódicos, cuja guarda encontra-se na Seção de Periódicos, da Fundação Biblioteca Nacional (FBN), o que possibilita tratar do modo de operação de pesquisa em arquivos físicos.
Editorial
Authors: Gonzaga do Monti Ednardo Monteiro
Published: December 2021

Ainda no contexto do isolamento social e com parte considerável das atividades acadêmicas realizadas de maneira remota, lançamos o segundo número da Revista Caminhos da Educação, sob a esperança de dias melhores, principalmente no que se refere à pandemia gerada pelo Covid-19.

Neste número é publicado a 1ª parte do dossiê Arquivos e História da Educação, organizado pelas professoras Alexandra Lima da Silva e Maria Celi Chaves Vasconcelos, pesquisadoras e professoras do campo da História da Educação.

Os autores dos quatro artigos que constituem o dossiê são oriundos de diferentes instituições de ensino, foram alunos da disciplina Estudos Avançados em História da Educação II, ministrada no primeiro semestre de 2021, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

Na demanda de Fluxo Contínuo, neste número são publicados 6 artigos que abordam diferentes temáticas que estabelecem conexão com o foco e escopo deste periódico acadêmico.

Parabenizamos aos autorxs! Agradecemos aos avaliadorxs colaboradorxs da Caminhos da Educação! Desejamos a todxs uma ótima leitura!
مدى تأثير سياسة التطعيم الإجباري في حقوق الإنسان: دراسة تحليلية من منظور حقوقي دولي
Authors: Salahaldeen Balto Ahmed
Published: December 2021

بمجرد الإعلان عن توافر لقاح ضد فيروس كورونا المستجد في نشرات الأخبار، تضاعفت المناقشات حول جواز التطعيم الإجباري. فعلى الرغم من تصاعد الحملات المناهضة للتطعيم، وانتشار الأخبار الكاذبة في لمح البصر، هناك العديد من الأصوات التي تدعم التطعيم الإجباري. في ضوء ذلك، يركز هذا البحث على مدى توافق سياسة التطعيم الإجباري مع مبادئ حقوق الإنسان المنصوص عليها في القانون الدولي، وذلك من خلال استعراض القوانين الدولية والسوابق القضائية الصادرة من بعض المنظمات الدولية ذات الصلة، لغرض استعراض الأسانيد التي تبرّر سياسة التطعيم الإجباري من منظور حقوقي دولي.
Resilience Level Among Sudanese University Students Exposed to Violence
Authors: M. Eltayeb Shahla
Published: December 2021

هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد مستويات المرونة لدى الطلاب الجامعيين المتعرضين للعنف في السودان. واستخدمت الدراسة منهجية تصميم مختلطة؛ إذ استخدمت الدراسة الكمية مقياس المرونة RS-14، كما استخدمت المناقشة المركزة لتعميق فهم مسارات المرونة. وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (209) من الطلاب. وأظهر مقياس RS-14 صدقًا وثباتًا قويين. وكان التعرض للعنف مرتفعًا؛ حيث أفاد (٪47) من أفراد العينة تعرضهم لحادثة عنف استمرت لعدة ساعات. وفي المقابل كان مستوى المرونة مرتفعًا بين ٪78 من أفراد عينة الدراسة. ولم يتم تحديد أي ارتباط ذي دلالة إحصائية بين التعرض للعنف ومستويات المرونة. ومع ذلك، ارتبطت مدة التعرض للعنف الأقصر بارتفاع مستويات المرونة. وختامًا، تحتاج خدمات تعزيز الصحة النفسية في الجامعات وبرامج الشباب إلى دمج المسار الإيجابي للمرونة في الخدمات الموجهة إلى الشباب الأكثر تعرضًا للعنف.
KARAKTERISTIK IBU HAMIL YANG MENGALAMI HIPEREMESIS GARVIDARUM DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PURWOSARI KUDUS
Authors: Puspitasari Indah , Indrianingrum Irawati
Published: December 2021

Kehamilan adalah suatu yang bersifat fisiologis dan dalam setiap perkembangan kehamilan normal, banyak keluhan yang dialami.  Keluhan yang paling umum dilaporkan ibu hamil pada trimester pertama adalah mual muntah (87,8%). Gejala mual muntah biasanya dimulai dari usia kehamilan 4 minggu sampai 7 minggu kehamilan dan hilang pada usia kehamilan 16 minggu yaitu sekitar 90%. Sebagian besar ibu hamil dengan mual muntah tidak memerlukan pengobatan. Namun, jika mual muntah bertambah parah dan persisten, kondisi dapat berkembang menjadi hiperemesis gravidarum. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menggambarkan karakteristik ibu hamil yang mengalami hiperemesis gravidarum di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gribig Kabupaten Kudus meliputi umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan paritas.Metode yang digunakan adalah desain studi deskriptif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu berjumlah 30 ibu hamil yang mengalami hiperemesis gravidarum melalui pengukuran kuesioner PUQE. Tehnik analisa data dengan data univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan umur, sebagian besar responden berumur 20-34 tahun sebanyak 15 (50%) responden. Berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan didapatkan sebagian besar berpendidikan SLTA/sederajat sebanyak 20 (67%). Berdasarkan status pekerjaan didapatkan sebagian besar  bekerja sebanyak 25 (83%) responden. Berdasarkan paritas didapatkan sebagian besar multipara sebanyak 14 (47%) responden. Ibu hamil dengan resiko atau komplikasi hiperemesis gravidarum dapat mengakibatkan penyulit saat masa kehamilan dan dapat memberikan beban psikologis yang negatif seperti rasa takut akan masa depan kehamilannya, perasaan depresi dan kecemasan yang dapat berdampak buruk untuk perkembangan janin, sehingga penting bagi bidan maupun tenaga kesehatan lainnya untuk memberikan penanganan yang komprehensif bagi ibu hamil dengan hiperemesis gravidarum.
STIMULASI PIJAT DAPAT MENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN BAYI TAHUN 2020
Authors: Indrianingrum Irawati , Puspitasari Indah
Published: December 2021

Latar Belakang: Masa tumbuh kembang bayi merupakan masa keemasan sekaligus masa kritis perkembangan seseorang yaitu pada usia 0-12 bulan. Dikatakan masa kritis karena pada masa ini bayi sangat peka terhadap lingkungan dan membutuhkan asupan gizi dan stimulasi yang baik untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan adalah stimulasi. Beberapa pedoman untuk stimulasi bayi di antaranya stimulasi penglihatan, stimulasi pendengaran, stimulasi taktil atau perabaan, serta koordinasi visual dan gerak. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap penigkatan berat badan bayi DiKlinik Norma Medika Mayong Tahun 2019 Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasy eksperiment dengan menggunakan pendekatan non equivalent control-group before-after design. Populasi dan sampel sebanyak 33 bayi di Klinik Norma Medika Mayong yang diambil dengan total sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan observasi dan perlakuan secara langsung. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariant dan bivariant uji T Test berpasangan.Hasil Penelitian: Penelitian tentang peningkatan berat badan dengan pijat di Klinik Norma Medika Mayong Tahun 2019 didapatkan hasil (p value 0,000 < 0,05) penelitian yang diperoleh ada perbedaan peningkatan berat badan sebelum dan sesudah antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan: : Ada pengaruh antara pijat dengan peningkatan berat badan bayi Di Klinik Norma Medika Mayong Tahun 2019.
A functional view reveals substantial predictability of pollinator-mediated selection
Authors: Opedal Øystein
Published: December 2021

A predictive understanding of adaptation to changing environments hinges on a mechanistic understanding of the extent and causes of variation in natural selection. Estimating variation in selection is difficult due to the complex relationships between phenotypic traits and fitness, and the uncertainty associated with individual selection estimates. Plant-pollinator interactions provide ideal systems for understanding variation in selection and its predictability, because both the selective agents (pollinators) and the process linking phenotypes to fitness (pollination) are generally known. Through examples from the pollination literature, I discuss how explicit consideration of the functional mechanisms underlying trait-performance relationships can clarify the relationship between traits and fitness, and how variation in the ecological context that generates selection can help disentangle biologically important variation in selection from sampling variation. I then evaluate the predictability of variation in pollinator-mediated selection through a survey, reanalysis, and synthesis of results from the literature. The synthesis demonstrates that pollinator-mediated selection often varies substantially among trait functional groups, as well as in time and space. Covariance between patterns of selection and ecological variables provides additional support for the biological importance of observed selection, but the detection of such covariance depends on careful choice of relevant predictor variables as well as consideration of quantitative measurements and their meaning, an aspect often neglected in selection studies.