bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia dalam Wacana Merebut Tafsir Gender Pasca Reformasi: Sebuah Tinjauan Genealogi
Authors: Ma'ruf Amrin , Wilodati Wilodati , Aryanti Tutin
Published: June 2024

Tahun 2017, Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia (KUPI) Pertama kali terselenggara di Pondok Pesantren Kebon Jambu al-Islamy, Cirebon. Kehadiran KUPI merepresentasi ulama perempuan dalam wacana produksi pengetahuan berbasis gender di pesantren. Tulisan ini menganalisis preseden awal KUPI tentang jaringan produksi pengetahuan isu gender di pesantren. Genealogi Michel Foucault adalah pisau analisis akademis pada wacana gender di pesantren dalam pembahasan ini. Wacana ini tersebar dalam diskursus ruang publik yang berserakan tapi belum pada lingkungan pesantren terutama pada pengetahuan tentang ulama perempuan. Agensi Pengetahuan tentang perempuan ulama membentuk cara pandang baru tentang etika personal, modal perumusan kaidah Fiqih, dan arah pengetahuan berbasis gender. KUPI adalah salah satu  ruang publik pada konsepsi pengetahuan gender di pesantren yang dikuasai oleh dominasi patriarkis. KUPI mewakili suara gender pesantren baik secara digital ataupun public terbuka pasca reformasi dengan berbagai kemunculan para aktivis gender pesantren.
[In 2017, the Indonesian Women's Ulama Congress (KUPI) was first held at the Pesantren Kebon Jambu al-Islamy Islamic, Cirebon. KUPI represents female ulama in the discourse of gender-based knowledge of pesantren decision in Islamic living production. This paper Talks KUPI's initial presentation on the network of gender knowledge in pesantren. Michel Foucault's genealogy is the academic analysis on gender discourse in pesantren living law in Fiqih Process discussion. This issue is spread in the scattered public space discourse, but not yet in the pesantren environment, especially in the knowledge of female clerics. The Agencies on women ulama forms a new perspective on personal ethics, the formula new Fiqh rules, and the direction of gender-based knowledge. KUPI is one of the spaces in the conception of gender knowledge in pesantren which is dominated by patriarchal domination. KUPI represents the gender voice of pesantren both digitally and publicly after the reformation with the pesantren gender activists.]
Gender dalam Sorotan Tafsir di Indonesia (Penelitian berbasis Systematic Literature Review)
Authors: Saifunnuha Mukhamad
Published: June 2024

Sejak kemunculannya, kajian gender telah cukup berkembang di Indonesia. Beragam kajian dilakukan, seperti kajian ayat, kajian tokoh, pemikiran, dan kajian kitab tafsir. Tulisan ini juga mengkaji gender dalam karya-karya tafsir di Indonesia, untuk mengetahui dinamika penafsiran yang ada, khususnya terkait penafsiran ayat-ayat gender; serta sejauh mana perhatian dan kontribusi Indonesia dalam mengarusutamakan kesetaraan gender melalui karya-karya tafsir yang hadir di dalamnya. Penulis menggunakan model systematic literature review (SLR) dalam penelitian ini, yaitu sebuah cara sistematis dan terstruktur untuk mengumpulkan, mengevaluasi secara kritis, mengintegrasikan dan menyajikan temuan dari berbagai studi penelitian melalui  topik serta pertanyaan penelitian . Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia dengan karya tafsirnya mampu menghadirkan kajian atau penafsiran ramah gender, yang ditandai dengan kemunculan Tafsir al-Misbah karya Quraish Shihab. Meskipun demikian, beberapa karya tafsir yang hadir sebelum Quraish Shihab juga sudah mulai menunjukkan keramahan gender dalam penafsirannya, seperti Hamka dalam tafsirnya. Sedangkan setelah era Quraish Shihab, kajian gender dalam penafsiran sudah marak dilakukan, khususnya  dalam penafsiran-penafsiran tematik. Adapun objek kajian yang dibahas pun semakin variatif dan tidak hanya berkutat pada ayat-ayat penciptaan manusia, kepemimpinan dalam rumah tangga, atau poligami saja; melainkan sudah merambah ayat-ayat lain seperti QS at-Taubah ayat 71 tentang hak kepemimpinan perempuan dalam politik kepemimpinan.
[Since its inception, gender studies have developed  in various studies such as verse studies, figures, thoughts, and interpretation. This paper examines gender in interpretation (tafsir) works in Indonesia, to find out the dynamics of the  interpretations, especially related to  gender verses;  how  their  roles and contributions in mainstreaming gender equality through the works of interpretation. In this study, the writer uses a systematic literature review (SLR) model ,  a systematic and structured way to collect, critically evaluate, integrate and present findings from various research studies through a topics and research questions. The results of this study indicate that Indonesia with its interpretation works is able to present gender-friendly studies which is marked by the appearance of Quraish Shihab's Tafsir al-Misbah. However, several works  that came before Quraish Shihab have also begun to show gender friendliness, such as Hamka in his interpretation. Meanwhile, after the era of Quraish Shihab, gender studies have been widely carried out, especially in thematic interpretations. The objects of study discussed are varied,  not only dwell on the verses of the creation of man, leadership in the household, or polygamy ; but also other verses such as QS at-Taubah verse 71 concerning the rights of women in politics leadership.]
Peran Joint Program Terkait Upaya Menghentikan Kasus Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) Di Somalia
Authors: Mardiyah Anna , Abbas Rusdi J.
Published: June 2024

Sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi tradisi FGM di Somalia, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) melakukan kerja sama dengan United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) dan membentuk program yang dikenal dengan Joint Program. Tulisan ini mencoba menggambarkan bagaimana tradisi FGM yang terjadi di Somalia dan menunjukkan bahwa UNFPA berusaha mengurangi tradisi ini. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif yang berbasis pada studi literatur yang terkait dengan perempuan, tradisi FGM, serta dokumen-dokumen resmi baik dari PBB maupun dokumen resmi dari Somalia. Penulis menemukan bahwa FGM sering terjadi karena telah menjadi budaya yang turun temurun di sebagian besar negara-negara Afrika dan melekat erat pada masyarakat. Di dunia internasional FGM dianggap sebagai kejahatan jender. FGM ini sendiri sering terjadi di berbagai negara yang ada di belahan dunia terutama Somalia. Masyarakat Somalia pada umumnya melaksanakan praktik FGM karena, praktik ini dipercaya merupakan proses anak menjalani transisi menuju kedewasaan. Melihat hanya ada kerugian yang diterima oleh perempuan melalui tradisi FGM, Joint Program melakukan kerja sama dengan Pemerintah, pemuka agama, dan Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) di Somalia. Adanya kerja sama ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi angka keberlangsungan tradisi ini.
[As an effort to reduce the tradition of FGM in Somalia, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) collaborated with the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and formed a program known as the Joint Program. This paper tries to describe how the FGM tradition occurs in Somalia and shows that UNFPA is trying to reduce this tradition. The author will use a qualitative method based on literature studies related to women, FGM traditions, as well as official documents from both the United Nations and official documents from Somalia. The author finds that FGM often occurs because it has become a hereditary culture in most African countries and is closely attached to the community. Internationally, FGM is considered a gender crime. FGM itself often occurs in various countries around the world, especially Somalia. Somali people, in general, carry out the practice of FGM because this practice is believed to be a process of children undergoing the transition to adulthood. Seeing that there are only losses received by women through the FGM tradition, the Joint Program collaborates with the government, religious leaders, and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)in Somalia. The existence of this collaboration is expected to reduce the sustainability of this tradition.]
Restorasi Keluarga Modern
Authors: Kadi Saurip
Published: June 2024

Potensi diskriminasi pada peran agama memprihatinkan karena sebab-sebab penindasan, malapetaka kemanusiaan pada soalan keluarga dan kaum LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisex dan transgender. Hal ini bertentangan dengan misi dan eksistensi agama. Untuk itu, diperlukan upaya terukur dalam praktek beragama pada esensi ajaran. Hal ini mengembalikan agama sebagai sumber inspirasi bagi kehidupan manusia. Langkah yang perlu ditempuh meliputi   tafsir ulang (hermeneutika) dan perubahan dalam pemahaman makna firman. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberi masukan kepada para tokoh agama dan tokoh sipil sekaligus untuk menawarkan solusi praktis untuk melakukan restorasi keluarga modern yang mengajarkan persamaan hak, penghargaan HAM, serta tegaknya peri keadilan dan peri kemanusiaan bagi setiap orang, tak terkecuali terhadap kaum LGBT. Adapun metoda penelitian yang ditempuh, dengan cara membedah persoalan keluarga dan LGBT, melalui pengkajian sejumlah buku-buku teologi dan hasil penelitian sosial beberapa ahli, di sejumlah negara, disamping dengan melakukan komparasi sejumlah firman dan atau ajaran tentang keluarga dan LGBT dari beberapa agama.
 [The potential role of religion becomes a source of discrimination. It is under mis landing an, oppression and humanitarian disasters, including family issues and LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) activities. This is contrary to the mission and existence of the religions themselves. For this reason, a measured effort is needed so that religious practice returns to the essence of teachings, therefore religions can return as a source of inspiration for human life. Steps that need to be taken include reinterpretation (hermeneutics) or at least a change in understanding the meaning of the verses about family and LGBT in sacred books of religions, redefinition and re-actualization of teachings and the role of religions in society and daily lives. This paper aims to provide input to religious and civic leaders as well as to offer practical solutions on how to restore modern families that teach equality of rights, respect for human rights, and uphold justice and humanity for everyone, including LGBT people. The research method used is by dissecting family and LGBT issues, by examining a number of theological books and the results of social research from several experts, in a number of countries, as well as by comparing a number of words or teachings about family and LGBT from several religions.]
Hegemoni Elit Agama Pada Perempuan Pesantren: Ejawantah Jabatan Kepala Daerah Jawa Timur
Authors: Azizah Nurul
Published: June 2024

Keterlibatan elit lokal pesantren pada pemilu kepala daerah di Jawa Timur menjadi penentu kemenangan. Pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah langsung  peran elit agama sangat berpengaruh dalam mendulang suara pemilih. Elit menggunakan hegemoni agama dalam meningkatkan partisipasi politik masyarakat pada Pemilukada. Era gerakan agama baru mengubah kecenderungan paradigma berpikir bahwa pertama kalinya perempuan  tampil menjadi  kepala daerah. Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis hegemoni elit agama berbasis pesantren di era postmodernisme pada Pemilukada khususnya di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif prespektif deskriptif dan analisis konten data kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hegemoni dan gerakan patron klien pesantren antara kyai, santri, alumni, simpatisan dan masyarakat pesantren sebagai strategi memenangkan kepala daerah. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan pendekatan teori elit dan teori partisipasi politik. Data penelitian diperoleh dari analisis kepustakaan dan dokumen dari lembaga terkait. Rumusan masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana elit agama menghegemoni masyarakat dalam meningkatkan partisipasi publik dan meyakinkan untuk memilih calon perempuan sebagai Gubenur. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hegemoni elit agama menjadi alat untuk meraih kekuasaan dalam proses Pemilukada.  Elit agama cukup berpengaruh dalam memberikan dogma pada masyarakat melalui ritual rutin keagamaan seperti ceramah pengajian.
[The involvement of the local elite pesantren in the regional head elections in East Java has become the determinant of the victory. In the direct regional head elections, the role of religious elites is very influential in gaining the  voters. The elites used religious hegemony to increase people's political participation in the elections. The era of the new religious movement changed the paradigm tendency to think that women could be the  regional heads. This paper aims to analyze the hegemony of pesantren-based religious elites in this postmodernist era in the elections, especially in East Java. This research uses descriptive perspective qualitative research methods and qualitative data content analysis shows that there was hegemony and movement of patrons of pesantren clients between kyai, santri, alumni, sympathizers, and pesantren communities as a strategy to win over the regional heads. In this study, researchers used elite theory and political participation theory approaches. Research data is obtained from literature analysis and documents from related institutions. The research problem is how the religious elites galvanized society in increasing public participation and convincing to choose female candidates like Gubenur. The results of the analysis showed that the hegemony of the religious elites became a tool to gain the power and win the election. The religious elites are influential  in providing dogma to society through routine religious rituals such as through religious meetings.]
Konstruksi Kesalehan, Posisi dan Agensi Perempuan dalam Wacana Keagamaan
Authors: Putri Fadilla Dwianti , Poerwandari Elizabeth Kristi
Published: June 2024

Konstruksi kesalehan pada perempuan dalam wacana agama Islam kerap dikaitkan dengan simbol keagamaan serupa memakai jilbab untuk menutupi aurat. Dalam posisinya, perempuan juga dilekatkan dengan peran-peran domestik, seperti mengurus rumah dan anak, dan taat pada suami sebagai wujud ketaatan pada Allah Swt. Konstruksi ini kemudian diyakini oleh perempuan bahwa pembagian peran tersebut adalah kodratnya, yang kemudian menciptakan hegemoni tentang kesalehan. Sementara itu, Saba Mahmood (2005) dalam analisisnya tentang agensi kesalehan di Mesir menemukan, kesalehan bisa dimaknai sebagai sebuah kapasitas untuk menginterpretasi ajaran agama sebagai petunjuk bagi kehidupan sehari-hari, dengan tetap menegakkan ketaatan pada Allah Swt. Namun dalam konteks Indonesia, saat ini kita dihadapkan dengan kelompok-kelompok konservatif dan tekstualis, yang meskipun cenderung minoritas, memiliki jaringan yang kuat dalam menyebarluaskan doktrinasi ajaran yang mengukuhkan konstruksi kesalehan yang hegemonik. Oleh karena itu, kontra narasi dan gerakan serupa yang Mahmood temukan di Mesir, yang mampu memberikan analisis kritis pada perempuan terhadap ajaran agama, penting untuk dibangun di Indonesia.
 
Abstract
Women’s piety in Islamic discourse is often associated with religious symbols such as the use of the hijab to cover aurat. Women are also associated with domestic roles such as taking care of the house and children, and obeying their husbands as a form of obedience to Allah Swt. Women then believe that the division of labour is in their nature, which then creates a hegemonic construction of piety. Meanwhile, Saba Mahmood (2005) from her research in Egypt found that piety can be interpreted as the ability to interpret religious teachings as instructions for daily life, while maintaining obedience to Allah Swt. However, in the Indonesian context, we are currently facing conservative and textualist groups that, although they are usually in the minority, have strong networks in the dissemination of doctrinal teachings that reinforce the hegemonic construction of piety. Therefore, it is important to develop the counter-narratives and similar movements that Mahmood found in Egypt in Indonesia, which can provide women with a critical analysis of religious teachings.
Atonement Problem for Contradictory Christology
Authors: Smith Drew
Published: June 2024

Recently, Jc Beall has advanced a model of the incarnation according to which one can reconcile the apparently incompatible attributes attributed to Christ by taking them as true contradictions. In this paper, I argue that Contradictory Christology proves incompatible with a central class of atonement theories. I begin by expositing Beall’s model in contrast to two models operating upon the assumption of classical logic. Next, I demonstrate the incompatibility between Beall’s theory and theories of the atonement on which Christ’s suffering was a necessary condition of salvation. Finally, provide a brief survey of three prominent atonement theories, highlighting their endorsement of this principle.
Gardella Hueso, M. (2022). Las Griegas. Poetas, oradoras y filósofas.
Authors: Fernández Palazz Ana Julia
Published: June 2024

El libro de Mariana Gardella Hueso, se enfoca en recuperar la palabra de algunas de las mujeres que vivieron entre los siglos VII y IV a. C. en lo que hoy se conoce como la antigua Grecia. En su estructura cuenta con palabras preliminares, ocho capítulos escritos en estilo ensayístico, palabras finales, una selección de textos, referencias, nombres propios, acontecimientos y bibliografía.
La peculiaridad de la existencia: un acercamiento a Heidegger y Vallejo
Authors: Castrillón Castrillón Andrés Alfredo
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo resalta los aspectos constitutivos del Dasein expuestos por Heidegger en Ser y tiempo, con el propósito de referirlos a un personaje literario como ejemplo de una posible aplicación de la analítica existenciaria al ámbito literario. Con ello se pretende relacionar la concepción de existencia y muerte del pensamiento filosófico de Heidegger con la representación literaria de Vallejo. Para este objetivo se analizan los términos peculiares de los ámbitos y autores elegidos, y se contrastan en busca de afinidad. Finalmente, el texto cierra con la coincidencia entre el pensar del filósofo y el literato.
Impact of task type and task complexity on negotiation of meaning in young learners of Chinese as a second language
Authors: Yan Jing , Goh Christine C. M.
Published: June 2024

Negotiation of meaning (NoM) has played a facilitative role in second language acquisition. However, the existing studies have primarily focused on adult English language learners. This study investigated the impact of task type and task complexity on NoM strategies among young learners of Chinese as a second language, an underexplored group. The participants were 110 students in Hong Kong aged 10–12, mainly from Pakistan, India, Philippines, and Nepal. They were asked to perform four tasks with different task types and levels of task complexity in Cantonese (the primary Chinese dialect spoken in Hong Kong). In terms of task type, the study found that required information exchange tasks (i.e., information gap tasks) produced significantly more clarification requests, confirmation checks, self-repetitions, and other repetitions in terms of total numbers and numbers per 100 Chinese characters than the optional exchange tasks (i.e., decision-making tasks). Complex tasks, on the other hand, elicited significantly more confirmation checks than simple tasks. These findings provide useful insights for designing tasks that can promote greater use of NoM strategies in classroom practice.
Introduction to the special collection on public outreach in linguistics
Authors: Wagner Laura , Zellou Georgia
Published: June 2024

This is the introduction to the special collection on public outreach in linguistics.
Fire fighters and mass spectrometry: from the world of combustion to the molecular ion
Authors: Malaspina Fabrizio , D’Aloise Federica , Pazzi Marco , Bennardo Vincenzo
Published: June 2024

The background and current studies in the area of fire investigation at the Turin Fire Department’s Forensic Laboratory. It is uncommon to find an investigation facility, and even less often within fire brigade headquarters, that uses GC-MS and GC-TOF extensively to look for accelerants. During 16 years of intense effort, the Turin Fire Department in Italy accomplished various research projects on the identification of flame accelerants and more in fire residues. This collaborative effort between academics and firefighters is unique. It is based on the perspectives of individuals who often fight fires before going on to investigation. The article will outline the study that was done, explain how advances in instrumentation have produced ever-better outcomes and the next steps in the foreseeable future.
Diffusion MRI of the Hippocampus
Authors: Karat Bradley G. , Khler Stefan , Khan Ali R.
Published: June 2024

The hippocampus is a brain structure that plays key roles in a variety of cognitive processes. Critically, a wide range of neurological disorders are associated with degeneration of the hippocampal microstructure, defined as neurons, dendrites, glial cells, and more. Thus, the hippocampus is a key target for methods that are sensitive to these microscale properties. Diffusion MRI is one such method, which can noninvasively probe neural architecture. Here we review the extensive use of diffusion MRI to capture hippocampal microstructure in both health and disease. The results of these studies indicate that (1) diffusion tensor imaging is sensitive but not specific to the hippocampal microstructure; (2) biophysical modeling of diffusion MRI signals is a promising avenue to capture more specific aspects of the hippocampal microstructure; (3) use of ultra-short diffusion times have shown unique laminar-specific microstructure and response to hippocampal injury; (4) dispersion of microstructure is likely abundant in the hippocampus; and (5) the angular richness of the diffusion MRI signal can be leveraged to improve delineation of the internal hippocampal circuitry. Overall, extant findings suggest that diffusion MRI offers a promising avenue for characterizing hippocampal microstructure.
This Is Your Voice on T
Authors: Allphin Poe M.
Published: June 2024

Trans bodies and lives—and by extension, voices—are at the forefront of contemporary cultural, legislative, and political discourses in the United States and beyond. In this article, I apply a disability lens to concerns about exogenous testosterone (T) and transmasculine vocality, as well as larger anxieties around the transmasculine body as constructed or even irreversibly damaged. Inspired by the use of bodymind as a term in disability studies and activism, I propose bodyvoice as a term in vocal studies to express that the body, voice, and perceptions around them are often interdependent. On social media, the photographic transition timeline constructs a stagnant, binary, before-and-after narrative in contrast to the more fluid sonic transition timeline, in which trans people on T record and display a series of vocal changes, either spoken or sung, over time. The sonic transition timeline functions as a vital way of sharing embodied transvocal knowledge in an increasingly hostile climate.
Creating Community through Struggle and Song | Freedom in the Air: A Documentary on Albany, Georgia, 1961–1962
Authors: Pihos Peter C.
Published: June 2024

This commentary introduces readers to the documentary record of the Albany Movement produced by Guy Carawan and Alan Lomax and released on the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee’s (SNCC) own record label. Mixing registers and genres, the record illustrates how the civil rights struggle in Albany infused old things with new meanings, creating a new community in the process.
Attack and Decay
Authors: Schwartz Jessica A.
Published: June 2024

This essay theorizes about nuclear militarism in the Pacific—specifically, US nuclear militarism in the Marshall Islands—by tracing the critical musicological term resonance, or the deep, full, reverberant vibrational connections that disrupt modern constructs of spatiotemporal presence. Resonance refers to the amplification of a (sound) system through the matching of a frequency with an external system, shifting perceptual magnitude through connection of two separate systems that share some vibrational quality. I use the term resonance in these literal and metaphorical ways to examine how, in the aftermath of the United States’ many attacks on the Marshall Islands—nuclear, experimental, sociocultural—that created radiogenic decay as well as broader systemic decay for the Indigenous communities, the United States’ culture of silence and secrecy around nuclear testing disabled the resonance of Marshallese appeals for nuclear justice, thus promulgating such decay. Focusing on what I call “radiation songs” and nuclear commemoration, I explore how vocal resonance moves across generations as Marshallese navigate militarized currents and remember other forms of navigation or wayfinding, such as oceanic outrigger canoe–based navigation that, like singing, brings more-than-human communities together.
Exploring Data Analytics in Attendance Systems: Unveiling Machine Learning Techniques, Patterns, Practices, and Emerging Trends
Authors: Santoso Joseph Teguh , Manongga Danny , Setyawan Iwan , Purnomo Hindriyanto Dwi , Hendry
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The research aims to identify patterns and trends in attendance management through the application of reward and punishment systems as innovative solutions for improving employee attendance and well-being.
Methods: This research utilizes a descriptive analysis approach with the application of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to enhance the accuracy of attendance pattern prediction and ML models for the classification of emerging trends and patterns. Research data were obtained through the company's attendance system and divided into two segments (80% for training and 20% for testing) while maintaining a balanced class proportion, then processed using SPSS and Python software with the Scikit-learn library.
Result: The results of the study show that employee attendance is increased from 86.52% to 90.44% when the reward and punishment method is applied to the employee attendance system. Proper reward allocation can increase employee motivation to adhere to work schedules and consistently attend, while punishment tends to lead to lower attendance rates.
Novelty: This research emphasizes the optimization of attendance management through data analytics approaches and the implementation of advanced technology in attendance systems with the application of ML techniques to analyze attendance data comprehensively and detect significant patterns.
Clinical spectrum of human STAR variants and their genotype–phenotype correlation
Authors: Altinkilic Emre Murat , Augsburger Philipp , Pandey Amit V , Flück Christa E
Published: June 2024

Biallelic variants of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR/STARD1) may cause primary adrenal insufficiency and 46,XY disorder of sex development. STAR plays a pivotal role in transporting cholesterol into mitochondria where cholesterol serves as an essential substrate for initiating steroid biosynthesis by its conversion to pregnenolone. Generally, loss-of-function mutations of STAR cause the classic form of lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia (LCAH) where steroidogenesis of the adrenal cortex and the gonads is severely affected. By contrast, partial activity of STAR causes a less severe phenotype, the non-classic LCAH, which is characterized by later onset and initial manifestation with isolated adrenal insufficiency only. Disease-causing STAR variants are very rare. Numerous variants of all types have been described worldwide. Prevailing variants have been reported from Japan and Korea and in some population clusters where STAR is more common. Genotype–phenotype correlation is pretty good for STAR variants. While the exact mechanisms of cholesterol transport into mitochondria for steroidogenesis are still under investigation, the important role of STAR in this process is evident by inactivating STAR variants causing LCAH. The mechanism of disease with STAR deficiency is best described by a two-hit model: the first hit relates to impaired cholesterol import into mitochondria and thus lack of substrate for all steroid hormone biosynthesis; the second hit then relates to massive cytoplasmic lipid overload (evidenced by typically enlarged and fatty adrenal glands) leading to cell death and organ destruction. This review summarizes phenotype and genotype characteristics of human STAR variants found through the ClinVar database.
CREAR UNA IMPRONTA, CREAR UNA IMAGEN. SELLOS Y REPRESENTACIÓN DE GONZALO DE AGUILAR, ARZOBISPO DE TOLEDO (ca. 1300-1353)
Authors: Teijeira Pablos María Dolores
Published: June 2024

La Historia del Arte ha vivido en los últimos cincuenta años una profunda renovación que ha supuesto la ampliación tanto de las tipologías objeto de estudio como de los modos de afrontar su análisis científico, a partir sobre todo del protagonismo dado a la imagen y a la cultura visual.En este artículo se examina un tipo de objeto que tradicionalmente ha sido poco estudiado desde la perspectiva de la historia del arte, pero que tiene mucho que aportar a nuestro conocimiento actual de la construcción y reproducción de la imagen figurada en el Medievo: el sello de cera. En este caso, se trata de dos improntas pertenecientes a Gonzalo Pérez de Aguilar (ca. 1300-1353), obispo de Cuenca y Sigüenza y arzobispo de Santiago de Compostela y Toledo, que conjugan la tradicional representación de autoridad ligada al sello como instrumento de validación documental, con novedades producidas durante el proceso de configuración de la identidad individual, y su representación, en la Baja Edad Media.
Effect of desuberinization and delignification on the cork cell walls of Cerasus jamasakura (Siebold ex Koidz.) H. Ohba using FTIR spectroscopy and microscopic observation
Authors: Saito Hayato , Nakai Takahisa , Toba Keisuke , Kanbayashi Toru
Published: June 2024

Bark, the outermost tissue, plays an important role in protecting trees from damage induced by living organisms and the surrounding environment. Bark differs from the xylem primarily by the presence of suberin in cork cell walls. However, few studies have examined the role of suberin and its interactions with other chemical components in the cork. Consequently, this study aimed to understand the distribution of chemical components, including suberin and lignin, and their respective roles in cork cell walls, using Cerasus jamasakura (Siebold ex Koidz.) H. Ohba. Suberin and lignin were gradually and selectively removed from thin strip specimens. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy suggested that desuberinization removed both suberin and part of the other matrix substances within a few minutes of treatment, whereas delignification exclusively removed lignin. Further microscopic observation revealed that suberin present was mainly in the secondary wall of cork cells, whereas lignin was present in both the tertiary wall and compound middle lamella. In addition, the cell wall collapse of the cork was only found in desuberinized specimens, whereas delignified specimens only showed monotonic contraction. Taken together, these results suggest that the presence of suberin in the cork contributes to the shape stability of cork cell walls.
Mixed natural Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus spp. infections in suspected case of fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome in commercial laying hens in masaka, Nigeria
Authors: AO Ogbe , SE Abalaka , AM Adamu , A Zakariya , AA Adikwu
Published: June 2024

Ten (10) carcasses from a flock of about 19,000 Isabrown laying chickens from a commercial poultry farm in Masaka, Nasarawa State, Nigeria were presented for post mortem examination following complaints of sudden mortality (0.74%) and drop in egg production (20.0%) on the farm during the hot-dry period of the year, 2017 with high ambient temperature (41.3°C). The pullets (19,000) were reportedly purchased and brought to the farm as point of lay chickens with full vaccination history and were in cage battery system feeding ad libitum. Although most (65%) of the birds looked apparently healthy but the affected birds were dull in appearance with about 35.00% morbidity. On visit to the farm, greenish faecal droppings were seen on the floor while some eggs were soft-shelled, small sized and cracked with some white pigmentation. Congested wattles and combs, prolapsed vents and pale carcasses were evident on gross examination with hepatomegaly, renomegaly and cardiomegaly. The enlarged liver was pale, friable and ruptured. Fibrinous exudation, perivascular oedema and cellular infiltration with microbial clumps were seen in sampled tissues. Microbial cultures yielded Escherichia coli in the liver and heart and Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp in the lungs, respectively and were sensitive to Levafloxacin® (+++). There was marked reduction in mortality with marked increase in feed consumption and egg production following Levafloxacin® treatment. In conclusion, mixed natural Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. infections was diagnosed, as the cause of the mortality on the farm that might be triggered by stress occasioned by the prevailing high ambient temperature amongst others such as the high crude protein (16.80%) and energy feed (2680Kcal/kg).
Effect of maturity, silage and hay of various feeds on lactating cows feed intake and productivity; A meta-analysis
Authors: Mulat Belay , Yong Hou
Published: June 2024

This meta-analysis was done with the aim of cultivating farmers decision in feeding their dairy cows for substituting several silage types, hay and maturity-based comparison feeds to improve dairy cows’ performance.
Maternal Cardiac Function in Pregnancies with Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Patel Deesha , Savvidou Makrina D
Published: June 2024

The obesity epidemic is growing and poses significant risks to pregnancy. Metabolic impairment can be associated with short- and long-term maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The cardiovascular implications are known in those with metabolic disorder outside of pregnancy; however, little is known of the cardiac function in pregnancies complicated by obesity. Maternal cardiac adaptation plays a vital role in normal pregnancy and is known to be involved in the pathophysiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Bariatric surgery is the most successful treatment for sustainable weight loss and pre-pregnancy bariatric surgery can drastically change the maternal metabolic profile and pregnancy outcomes. In this review, we discuss the available evidence on maternal cardiac function in pregnancies affected by obesity and its associated consequences of gestational diabetes and hypertension (chronic and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy), as well as pregnancies following bariatric surgery.
Novo método para a caracterização óptica de filmes finos
Authors: Pazim Rafael Cardim , Prado Rogério Junqueira
Published: June 2024

A caracterização óptica de materiais é fundamental tanto para a pesquisa básica quanto aplicada. Novas metodologias de análise, mais práticas ou com maior precisão e/ou amplitude de utilização, são de grande importância para a área. Este artigo apresenta um novo método que permite obter a espessura e propriedades ópticas em toda a faixa UV-Vis de filmes finos. Diferente dos métodos atuais baseados no envelope de Manifacier, este se baseia na equação exata para a transmitância de filmes sobre substrato finito. Foram analisados espectros de transmitância gerados teoricamente e obtidos experimentalmente para filmes de AlN e TiOxNy depositados por sputtering. Os resultados foram comparados aos do método do envelope e/ou elipsometria. Nos casos aplicáveis, os resultados foram similares, mas os avanços desta nova abordagem são claros, permitindo: (i) análise óptica de filmes sem limite mínimo de espessura, (ii) caracterização óptica na região de alta absorção do espectro, e (iii) modelos para filmes não homogêneos com nanopartículas dispersas. O método proposto é mais versátil e aplicável que o do envelope.
Amyloid PET imaging
Authors: Błach Anna
Published: June 2024

Extracellular amyloid deposition in brain tissue is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. Despite being the most common neurodegenerative disorder, it poses a major diagnostic challenge due to the lack of disease-specific biomarkers. Additionally, plaque-forming amyloid deposits are not unique to Alzheimer’s disease, but are also present in a high proportion of the elderly, as well as in patients with other neurodegenerative conditions such as dementia with Lewy bodies. Histopathological examination is the only reliable method for diagnosing the disease, but it is practically impossible to perform in vivo. Since Alzheimer’s disease is a disorder that develops asymptomatically over many years and eventually leads to severe dementia, new insights into the risk factors and markers of disease progression in the preclinical stage of the disease are needed. A better understanding of the underlying pathology is essential for the development of new therapies. In the past, this understanding came mainly from pathological studies. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging detects the presence and activity of pathophysiological processes in vivo. By targeting different biological pathways, PET elucidates the metabolic activity of the processes that drive disease progression. Ongoing studies aim to clarify whether amyloid PET imaging can also be useful in assessing treatment response. In this review, recent advances in amyloid PET imaging that have significantly improved our understanding of the pathological basis of this disease are discussed.
Analisis Perbandingan Kristalisasi Garam Pada Tunnel Plastik dan Rumah Kristalisasi di Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Kuncoro Ari , Wisnugroho Susilo , Bramawanto Rikha , Ma'muri Ma'muri , Widyanto Salasi Wasis , Agus Muhammad , Prasetiawan Nanda Radhitia , Nugraha Adiguna Rahmat
Published: June 2024

Penggunaan tunnel plastik dan rumah kristalisasi sebagai media untuk produksi garam mampu mengatasi gangguan cuaca, terutama hujan, sebagaimana lazim terjadi pada produksi garam konvensional. Beberapa kajian telah menunjukkan keunggulan masing-masing media tersebut, namun belum ada kajian yang membandingkan keduanya secara langsung terutama dari aspek kristalisasi garam. Riset ini bertujuan membandingkan kristalisasi garam di tunnel plastik dan rumah kristalisasi yang berada di pesisir Kabupaten Kebumen. Riset ini mengamati kristal garam yang terbentuk dari brine yang sama serta mengukur parameter lingkungan di sekitar tunnel plastik dan rumah kristalisasi. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa kristalisasi garam di tunnel plastik relatif lebih cepat dan jumlahnya lebih banyak namun kristal garam dari rumah kristalisasi lebih solid, berwarna lebih jernih dan ukuran kristal tunggal lebih besar. Meskipun kedua fasilitas sama-sama memanfaatkan efek rumah kaca, rata-rata suhu ruangan dan suhu brine di tunnel plastik lebih tinggi dibandingkan di rumah kristalisasi, Suhu ruangan dan brine tertinggi di tunnel plastik mencapai 57,4°C dan 60,4°C, sedangkan suhu maksimum ruangan dan brine di rumah kristalisasi hanya 51,5°C dan 53°C. Perbedaan kemampuan tunnel plastik dan rumah kristalisasi dalam memerangkap panas menghasilkan kristal garam yang berbeda. Rumah kristalisasi memerlukan beberapa alternatif pembenahan agar dapat bekerja lebih optimal. Petani garam dapat mengklasifikasikan garam dari tunnel plastik dan rumah kristalisasi berdasarkan perbedaan ukuran, warna dan bentuk kristal, sebagai upaya diversifikasi produk untuk memperluas segmentasi pasar.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR LIMBAH IKAN PATIN TERHADAP BIOMASSA Azolla microphylla PADA MEDIA PEMELIHARAAN IKAN NILA
Authors: Wardana Amelia Suci , Hasibuan Saberina , Syafriadiman Syafriadiman
Published: June 2024

Pupuk organik cair (POC) yang terbuat dari limbah ikan patin mengandung nitrogen, fosfat, dan kalium yang dibutuhkan untuk pertumbuhan Azolla microphylla. Tanaman ini dapat dijadikan sebagai pakan tambahan pada budidaya ikan nila dan dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki kualitas air (fitoremediasi). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh POC limbah ikan patin (Pangasianodon hypophthalamus) terhadap biomassa A. microphylla pada media pemeliharaan ikan nila. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan empat taraf perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan berupa pemberian POC dari limbah ikan patin dengan volume berbeda, yaitu P0 (tanpa pemberian POC), P1 (0,875 mL L-1), P2(2,625 mL L-1), dan P3 (5,25 mL L-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian POC limbah ikan patin 2,625 mL L-1 menjadi perlakuan terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan bobot mutlak A. microphylla dengan rata-rata 60 g dan laju pertumbuhan relatif sebesar 1,72 ± 0,09 g hari-1. Pemberian POC memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang tinggi sehingga A. microphylla mampu berkontribusi sebagai pakan alami sebesar 96% serta menghasilkan bobot mutlak ikan nila 1,89 g. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from catfish waste contains nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium which are needed for the growth of Azolla microphylla. This plant can be used as additional feed in tilapia cultivation and can be used to improve water quality (phytoremediation). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LOF from catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalamus) waste on A. microphylla biomass in tilapia rearing media. This experiment was performed through a completely randomized design (CRD), with four treatment levels and three replications. The treatments consisted of administering LOF from catfish waste in different volumes, namely P0 (without administration of LOF), P1 (0.875 mL L-1), P2 (2.625 mL L-1), and P3 (5.25 mL L-1). The results showed that administering 2.625 mL L-1 of LOF from catfish waste was the best treatment for the absolute weight growth of A. microphylla with an average of 60 g and a relative growth rate of 1.72 ± 0.09 g day-1. Administering LOF has a high nutritional content so that A. microphylla is able to contribute 96% as natural food and produces an absolute weight of tilapia of 1.89 g.
Purification and activity determination of recombinant human sumo protease’s active region fused with thioredoxin
Authors: Hong Le Thi Thu , Huong Duong Thu , Huyen Do Thi
Published: June 2024

SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-related Modifier) protease is widely used for recombinant protein expression, but obtaining the protein from derivative sources is challenging due to the degradation during extraction and high costs. In a previous report, we expressed the human SUMO protease’s active region (SENP2) fused with thioredoxin (Trx-SENP2) in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The recombinant fusion protein was soluble. In this study, we present the results of purification and activity evaluation of soluble Trx-SENP2. The enzyme was effectively purified through a single step Ni2 affinity chromatography. Trx-SENP2 was bound to the column in a binding buffer containing 50 mM PBS, 500 mM NaCl, 50 mM imidazol, pH 7.4 and eluted in the basic buffer containing 300 mM imidazol. The purity of the enzyme obtained after purification reached over 98% and yield of Trx-SENP2 was 361 mg/liter of bacterial culture. Importantly, the Trx-SENP2 was biologically active and capable of degrading recombinant SUMO-fused proteins. The protease’s bioactivity, as measured by its ability to cleave SUMO-IL11 into SUMO and IL11 fragments, was 3.33 × 105 U/mg comparable to commercial enzymes. Moreover, the Trx-SENP2 was found to be effective activity under a variety of conditions, including different buffers with high salt and imidazole concentrations and a wide range of pH values. Thus, the properties are useful and easy for the application of the enzyme to cleave recombinant SUMO-fused protein in the process of purification to obtain target proteins. The present study introduces a highly active and easily applicable enzyme for research in recombinant DNA technology.
Characterization of cord blood immune and stem cells from Vietnamese infants
Authors: Thao Chu Thi , Liem Nguyen Thanh , Anh Bui Viet , Van Hiep Tran , Thuy Ly Thi Bich , Nhung Hoang Thi My , Nam Nguyen Trung
Published: June 2024

Cord blood has emerged as a valuable and versatile resource, holding within its grasp a myriad of immune and stem cell types with immense therapeutic potential. Moreover, immune profiling in cord blood, a burgeoning field of research, offers profound insight into the early immune development of newborns, paving the way for understanding immune health, disease susceptibility, and therapeutic interventions. Therefore, in this research, we aimed to characterize the diverse immune and stem cell types present in the cord blood of Vietnamese infants. In this study, a total of 59 cord blood samples were examined for immune cell populations. Cell populations were identified using flow cytometry based on the expression of specific markers on the cell surface. The results showed that the CD3+/CD4+ population accounted for the greatest proportion of lymphocytes (46.71 ± 8.99%), followed by the CD3+/CD8+ population (22.58 ± 6.73%). The mature B-cell population (CD3-/CD19+) accounted for 9.52 ± 3.28%, while CD3+/CD19+ cells accounted for an average of 8.59 ± 5.77%. Moreover, the NK population (CD3-/CD56+ cells) accounted for 6.44 ± 4.9%, T lymphocytes carrying both CD4 and CD8 markers (CD3+/CD4+/CD8+) accounted for 0.63 ± 0.41%, and NKT cells (CD3+/CD56+) accounted for only 0.30 ± 0.53%. Moreover, the number of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) tends to increase in umbilical cord blood units with a high volume and number of TNCs and MNCs. In contrast, the number of HSCs was negatively correlated with the ratio of B lymphocytes. The TCD4 ratio was positively correlated with the number of HSCs but negatively correlated with the NK ratio (p = 0.01). The study initially characterized the diversity of some stem and immune cell types present in the umbilical cord blood of Vietnamese infants. These findings laid the groundwork for developing novel immune profiles and expanding the potential applications of umbilical cord blood in cellular therapy.
Mångfaldens möten: Interkulturalitet, utbildning och lärande
Authors: Bergnéhr Disa , Nilsson Henrik , Silander Charlotte , Trulsson Åsa
Published: June 2024

Föreliggande antologi behandlar mångfald, flerspråkighet och interkulturella perspektiv. Författarna till kapitlen förstår och förhåller sig på olika sätt till begreppet “interkulturalitet” och ett av antologins syften är att visa på vikten och bredden i den forskning som brukar förknippas med interkulturella perspektiv, flerspråkighet och mångfald inom skola och utbildning. Antologin binder samman och exemplifierar den mångfacetterade forskning som bedrivs på Linnéuniversitetet idag. Vår förhoppning är att du som forskare, blivande, lärare, yrkesverksam lärare eller lärarutbildare ska läsa, reflektera över och kunna ha nytta av bidragen.
Ustrój społeczno-ekonomiczny Sogdiany a rozwój jej gospodarki
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska, Duraj Natasza
Published: June 2024

The paper aims at presenting the social development of Sogdiana and its economy. It discusses the capital of Sogdiana – Samarkand – and its role in the socio-economic system of Sogdiana, as well as other cities of this country. As the heart of Transoxiana, the Zeravshan Valley became the centre of Sogdiana and the first state institutions of Central Asia.