bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal Trends in Treatment and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Population‐Based Observational Study
Authors: Su Tse‐Hsuan , Chang Shang‐Hung , Chen Pei‐Chun , Chan Yi‐Ling
Published: March 2017

Background

Acute myocardial infarction is a major cause of hospitalization and death in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (
COPD
); however, temporal trends in the management and clinical outcomes of these patients remain unclear.

Methods and Results

We conducted an observational study by using a representative sample of 1 million beneficiaries from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Comorbidities, in‐hospital treatment, and outcomes were compared for patients with acute myocardial infarction with and without
COPD
between 2004 and 2013. Temporal trends in treatment and outcomes were analyzed. We included 6770 patients admitted to hospitals with acute myocardial infarction diagnoses, of whom 1921 (28.3%) had
COPD
. Fewer patients with
COPD
received β‐blockers (adjusted odds ratio 0.66, 95% CI 0.59–0.74), angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin
II
receptor blockers (adjusted odds ratio 0.83, 95%
CI
0.73–0.93), statins, anticoagulants, dual antiplatelets, and coronary interventions. These patients had higher mortality (in hospital: adjusted hazard ratio 1.25 [95% CI 1.11–1.41]; 1 year: adjusted hazard ratio 1.20 [95% CI 1.09–1.32]) and respiratory failure risk during admission. Temporal trends showed little improvement in mortality in patients with
COPD
over 10 years. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that dual antiplatelets, β‐blockers, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin
II
receptor blockers, statins, coronary angiography, and coronary artery bypass grafting surgery were significantly correlated with improved mortality in patients with COPD.

Conclusions

In Taiwan, a lower proportion of patients with
COPD
received evidence‐based therapies for acute myocardial infarction than did patients without
COPD
, and their clinical outcomes were inferior. Limited improvement in mortality was observed over the preceding 10 years and is attributable to the underuse of evidence‐based treatments.
Cryptic diversity and speciation in the Zygothrica genus group (Diptera, Drosophilidae): the case of Z. vittimaculosa Wiedemann
Authors: Fonseca Pedro Mesquita , Loreto Elgion Lucio Silva , Gottschalk Marco Silva , Robe Lizandra Jaqueline
Published: March 2017

In this paper we describe a new Zygothrica species that is morphologically, ecologically and evolutionarily related to Zygothrica vittimaculosa through molecular and morphological analyses. Moreover, we compare distribution, abiotic and biotic niches between both species and perform ecological simulations in order to assess the potential influence played by ecology versus geography in the divergence of the target species, which was also dated with the use of a nuclear marker. The aedeagus and wing morphometry patterns were underpinned by molecular evidence, as obtained for the mitochondrial COI and COII partitions. In fact, reciprocal monophyly and a barcoding gap were detected, in spite of the strict external resemblance, the strong abiotic and biotic niche overlaps and the frequent sympatry and syntopy observed between both species. Thus, we hypothesize here a mechanism of geographic speciation associated with a pattern of niche conservatism to the pair of Zygothrica species diverged at the Pliocene.
Group Therapy for Venetian Adolescents? Giannantonio Bernardi’s “Prudence, a didactic prolusion” (Venice, 1709) and Jesuit Moral Counselling in Verse
Authors: Haskell Yasmin
Published: March 2017

While Jesuits composed more Latin didactic poetry than any other order or profession in the early modern period, they—perhaps surprisingly—rarely chose moral, political, or spiritual subjects for versification in this genre. One of the few exceptions to the rule is Prudentia, prolusio didascalica (Prudence, a didactic prolusion) by the Paduan-born Jesuit Giannantonio Bernardi (1670–1743), first published in Venice in 1709. Bernardi seems to have spent his whole life as a teacher, preacher, and confessor in northern Italy, apart from a stint accompanying his penitent, the Venetian envoy and future Doge, Carlo Ruzzini, to Constantinople. This paper sets Bernardi’s didactic poem in the context of some other Jesuit didactic poems of moral or spiritual counsel, especially Pierre Mambrun’s Psychourgicon: De cultura animi (La Flèche: ex officina Gervasii Laboe, 1661), as well as a selection of his other moral writings. It finds the Jesuit dimension to Bernardi’s poem more in its literary and institutional contexts and paratexts than in the bare philosophical doctrine it relays.
Richard Haydocke’s Oneirologia: A Manuscript Treatise on Sleep and Dreams, including the ‘Arguments’ of King James i
Authors: Marr Alexander
Published: March 2017

Richard Haydocke’s manuscript treatise Oneirologia (1605) is a learned account in English of the medical nature of sleep and dreams. This article presents a commented edition of the manuscript, an account of the circumstances that led to its composition, and a commentary on its contents. Apparently composed on the orders of King James i (whose ‘arguments’ against rational discourse in sleep it includes), Oneirologia is a significant document in the history of early modern erudition. The treatise reflects the orthodox physiognomic and psychological explanations of sleep and dreaming expounded in the universities, as well as its author’s experience as a writer on and practitioner of the visual arts. A product of the febrile political climate in England around the time of the Gunpowder Plot, Oneirologia touches upon major themes in society and religion, including the nature of royal authority, mens rea, and divine revelation.
Detecting the phylogenetic position of Bovista acuminata (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) by an ITS-LSU combined analysis: the new genus Bryoperdon and revisitation of Lycoperdon subgen. Apioperdon
Authors: VIZZINI ALFREDO , ERCOLE ENRICO
Published: March 2017

Bovista a cuminata, a rare, scantily reported species so far known form Europe and the Americas, occupies an isolated position in Bovista on account of its minutely verrucose spores, habitus and growth on moss cushions covering fallen trunks or rocks. Since it has not yet been studied from a molecular perspective, it was decided to sequence two recent collections from Italy. Based on morphological and molecular data, the genus Bryoperdon is established for it and placed in Lycoperdaceae, where it is close to Apioperdon comb. et stat. nov., which encompasses the Lycoperdon pyriforme clade. The delimitation of the genera Bryoperdon and Apioperdon from each other and from allied taxa is also discussed.
Taxonomy of Paraplatyarthrus Javidkar and King (Isopoda: Oniscidea:
Paraplatyarthridae) with description of five new species from Western Australia, and comments on Australian Trichorhina Budde-Lunde, 1908 (Platyarthridae)
Authors: JAVIDKAR MOHAMMAD , KING RACHAEL A. , COOPER STEVEN J. B. , HUMPHREYS WILLIAM F. , AUSTIN ANDREW D.
Published: March 2017

The oniscidean fauna of Australia is generally poorly known but recent sampling has revealed a new family, Paraplatyarthridae, found in both terrestrial and groundwater calcretes of central Western Australia. The family was initially described based on a new genus and species, Paraplatyarthrus subterraneus Javidkar and King, 2015. Here we describe an additional five Paraplatyarthrus species from the Yilgarn region of Western Australia, based on both morphological and molecular evidence (COI divergences). Four species are subterranean: P. crebesconiscus Javidkar and King sp. nov., P. cunyuensis Javidkar and King sp. nov., P. occidentoniscus Javidkar and King sp. nov., and P. pallidus Javidkar and King sp. nov., and one is a surface species, P. nahidae Javidkar and King sp. nov. A key to their identification is provided along with information on their distribution. In addition, type material of the two described Australian species of Platyarthridae, Trichorhina australiensis Wahrberg, 1922 from Western Australia and T. tropicalis Lewis, 1998 from Queensland, are examined. Morphological reassessment of type material shows T. australiensis belongs to Paraplatyarthrus (comb. nov.) and that T. tropicalis is correctly placed in Trichorhina, confirming that the genus and family Platyarthridae occur in Australia.
Contributions to the millipede genus Nepalella Shear, 1979 from China, with four new species and first results on phylogeny based on DNA-barcoding (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Megalotylidae)
Authors: LIU WEIXIN , WESENER THOMAS , GOLOVATCH SERGEI , TIAN MINGYI
Published: March 2017

Four new species of the chordeumatidan millipede genus Nepalella Shear, 1979, family Megalotylidae, are described from caves in southern China: N. troglodytes sp. nov., N. lobata sp. nov., N. jinfoshan sp. nov., and N. wangi sp. nov. Three of them (except N. lobata sp. nov.) are presumed troglobites. Additional locality records of two cave congeners, N. caeca Shear, 1999 and N. grandoides Golovatch, Geoffroy & Mauriès, 2006, are also provided. DNA-barcoding based on the COI mitochondrial gene is documented in this genus and for species of the order Chordeumatida outside Europe for the first time. Interspecific p-distances between Nepalella species amount to 8.5–15.9%, while intraspecific p-distances are 0–6.8%. The species of Nepalella are found to show a surprisingly low genetic distance from the European genus Atractosoma Fanzago, 1876, family Craspedosomatidae Gray in Jones, 1843, potentially based on the very limited number of barcoding sequences of the order Chordeumatida being available.
The natural history and morphology of two bromeliad associated hispines from Brazil: Acentroptera basilica Thomson, 1856 and A. cf. tessellata Baly, 1958 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Sceloenoplini)
Authors: ALBERTONI FABIANO F. , CASARI SÔNIA A.
Published: March 2017

The natural history of Acentroptera basilica Guérin-Méneville, 1844 and A. cf. tessellata Baly, 1958 (Cassidinae: Sceloenoplini) associated with Aechmea aquilega Salisb. and Vriesea sp. (Bromeliaceae), respectively, is registered. Adults of both species are leaf scrapers, although larvae are leaf-miners. The immature stages of both species of Acentroptera are described and illustrated for the first time. The male and the female genitalia of A. basilica and new records for both species are also included.
Distinguishing a minimalist role for grand theorizing
Authors: Brooks Stephen G
Published: March 2017

A major theoretical shortcoming in international relations (IR) is the lack of any semblance of a common understanding regarding the role of grand theory. This article argues that explicit theoretical work of this sort is useful, but that a search for a single overarching grand theory to guide inquiry is misguided and that the primary business of IR is to form and evaluate middle-range theories.
Multitargeted Feeding Strategies Improve Nutrition Outcome and Are Associated With Reduced Pneumonia in a Level 1 Trauma Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Lee Jenny C. , Williams George W. , Kozar Rosemary A. , Kao Lillian S. , Mueck Krislynn M. , Emerald Andrew D. , Villegas Natacha C. , Moore Laura J.
Published: March 2017

Background: Factors impeding delivery of adequate enteral nutrition (EN) to trauma patients include delayed EN initiation, frequent surgeries and procedures, and postoperative ileus. We employed 3 feeding strategies to optimize EN delivery: (1) early EN initiation, (2) preoperative no nil per os feeding protocol, and (3) a catch‐up feeding protocol. This study compared nutrition adequacy and clinical outcomes before and after implementation of these feeding strategies. Methods: All trauma patients aged ≥18 years requiring mechanical ventilation for ≥7 days and receiving EN were included. Patients who sustained nonsurvivable injuries, received parenteral nutrition, or were readmitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were excluded. EN data were collected until patients received an oral diet or were discharged from the ICU. The improvement was quantified by comparing nutrition adequacy and outcomes between April 2014–May 2015 (intervention) and May 2012–June 2013 (baseline). Results: The intervention group (n = 118) received significantly more calories (94% vs 75%, P < .001) and protein (104% vs 74%, P < .001) than the baseline group (n = 121). The percentage of patients receiving EN within 24 and 48 hours of ICU admission increased from 41% to 70% and from 79% to 96% respectively after intervention (P < .001). Although there were fewer 28‐ay ventilator‐free days in the intervention group than in the baseline group (12 vs 16 days, P = .03), receipt of the intervention was associated with a significant reduction in pneumonia (odds ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.31–0.89; P = .017) after adjusting sex and Injury Severity Score. Conclusions: Implementation of multitargeted feeding strategies resulted in a significant increase in nutrition adequacy and a significant reduction in pneumonia.
Recommendation of Repeated Ammonia Tests for Intrahepatic Portal-Systemic Shunt Without Cirrhosis in Elderly Patients With Psychiatric Symptoms
Authors: Abe Michiaki , Soga Temma , Obana Nobuya , Seiji Kazumasa , Tabata Masao , Saito Natsumi , Arita Ryutaro , Numata Takehiro , Tanaka Junichi , Kuroda Hitoshi , Takayama Shin , Kagaya Yutaka , Ishii Tadashi
Published: March 2017

We report an elderly male patient with hyperammonemia induced by intrahepatic portal-systemic shunt without cirrhosis (IPSSwoC). The occasional emergence of his erratic behaviors was misdiagnosed as a psychiatric disorder. Regardless of his uneven symptoms, IPSSwoC was suspected due to his hyperammonemia. The contrast computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a congenital type of IPSSwoC. As blood ammonia levels are inconstant, repeated blood tests are recommended when this disease is suspected in elderly patients with psychiatric symptoms.
The words leader/líder and their resonances in an Italo-Latin American multinational corporation
Authors: Gaggiotti Hugo , Marre Diana
Published: March 2017

The problems of ‘lost in translation’ are well known. Yet some terms of English managerial vocabulary, which are perfectly translatable in other languages, remain untranslated. One explanation of this phenomenon is what Linguistic anthropology call negative semantic resonances. Semantic resonances focused on the issue of which meanings can or cannot be expressed by a single word in different cultures. In this paper, based on an organisational ethnography of Latin American expatriates working for an Italo-Latin-American multinational corporation (Tubworld), we analyse the resonances of the word leader/líder and director, direttore, capo, guida, coordinador, caudillo among a group of expatriates; all Italian, Spanish or multilingual speakers who use English as a second language in their everyday interactions. The paper explains how the different uses contribute to create a meaning of what a leader should and should not be; someone who leads without leading, sometimes a manager. The authors, an Italian native speaker who learnt Spanish during childhood and use English as his everyday language and a Spanish native speaker, argue that Italian or Spanish speakers not only avoid the words duce and caudillo (the vernacular vocabulary for leader, not in use due to the political and cultural meaning) but also the word leader/líder itself, as it resonate to the other two (violent, authoritarian, autocratic, antidemocratic leadership) but furthermore because the word, a lexical loan from English, failed to encapsulate the complexity of leading multilingual organisations like Tubworld.
Numerical simulation of pollutant dispersion in urban roadway tunnels
Authors: Dong Jingliang , Tao Yao , Xiao Yimin , Tu Jiyuan
Published: March 2017

Vehicular toxic emissions can easily contaminate the air quality of the enclosed tunnel environment, especially during rush hours with traffic jam events or low vehicle speeds, which poses serious health hazards to road utilizers. The piston effect generated by moving vehicles was normally considered adequate to discharge vitiated air out of short tunnel based on a typical driving speed. However, complex traffic conditions may yield unexpected consequences on in-tunnel air quality levels. This study numerically investigated the CO2 concentration to identify the in-tunnel pollutant dispersion under three traffic conditions including severe traffic congestion and traffic flow with low vehicle speeds. Fan conditions were considered to model the influence of mechanical winds on pollutant dispersion and comparison with vehicular piston effect was also performed. The results revealed elevated pollutant concentration regions were found at the vicinity of near-ground region and tunnel downstream. The vehicular piston effect can sufficiently remove the in-tunnel vehicular emissions when vehicles travel at relatively higher speed. However, pollutant accumulation occurs when vehicles are idling or moving at slow speed. Compared with traffic piston effect at high travelling speed, the mechanical ventilation of ceiling mounted fans only generate a limited contribution to the removal of emissions.
International prospective observational study of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: Does weekend admission affect outcome?
Authors: Murray Iain A , Dalton Harry R , Stanley Adrian J , Ngu Jing H , Maybin Brian , Eid Mahmoud , Madsen Kenneth G , Abazi Rozeta , Ashraf Hamad , Abdelrahim Mohamed , Lissmann Rebecca , Herrod Jenny , Khor Christopher JL , Ong Hock S , Koay Doreen SC , Chin Yung K , Laursen Stig B
Published: March 2017

Introduction

Out of hours admissions have higher mortality for many conditions but upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage studies have produced variable outcomes.

Methods

Prospective study of 12 months consecutive admissions of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage from four international high volume centres. Admission period (weekdays, weeknights or weekends), demographics, haemodynamic parameters, laboratory results, endoscopy findings, further procedures and 30‐day mortality were recorded. Five upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage risk scores were calculated.

Results

2118 patients, 60% male, median age 66 years were studied. Compared with patients presenting on weekdays, patients presenting at weekends had no significant differences in comorbidity, pulse, systolic BP, risk scores, frequency of peptic ulcers or varices. Those presenting on weekdays had lower haemoglobin (p  = 0.007) and were more likely to have a normal endoscopy (p  < 0.01). Time to endoscopy was less for weeknight presentation (p  = 0.001). Sixty‐seven per cent of those presenting on weekdays, 75% on weeknights and 60% at weekends had endoscopy within 24 h. Transfusion requirements, need for endoscopic therapy or surgery/embolization, rebleeding rates (6.1%) and mortality (7.2%) did not differ with presentation time.

Conclusion

This multi‐centre international study in large centres found no difference in demographics, comorbidity or haemodynamic stability and no increase in mortality for patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage out of hours.
Algorithms to Assess Music Cities
Authors: Baker Andréa Jean
Published: March 2017

The global Mastering of a Music City report in 2015 notes that the concept of music cities has penetrated the global political vernacular because it delivers “significant economic, employment, cultural and social benefits.” This article highlights that no empirical study has combined all these values and offers a relevant and comprehensive definition of a music city. Drawing on industry research,1 the article assesses how mathematical flowcharts, such as Algorithm A (Economics), Algorithm B (Four T’s creative index), and Algorithm C (Heritage), have contributed to the definition of a music city. Taking Melbourne as a case study, it illustrates how Algorithms A and B are used as disputed evidence about whether the city is touted as Australia’s music capital. The article connects the three algorithms to an academic framework from musicology, urban studies, cultural economics, and sociology, and proposes a benchmark Algorithm D (Music Cities definition), which offers a more holistic assessment of music activity in any urban context. The article concludes by arguing that Algorithm D offers a much-needed definition of what comprises a music city because it builds on the popular political economy focus and includes the social importance of space and cultural practices.
From Morbidity and Mortality to Quality Improvement
Authors: Spielman Daniel B. , Hsueh Wayne D. , Choi Karen Y. , Bent John P.
Published: March 2017

Objective

Measure the effects of a structured morbidity and mortality conference format on the attitudes of resident and faculty participants.

Study Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Otorhinolaryngology–head and neck surgery residency training program.

Subjects and Methods

Two changes were implemented to the structure of our morbidity and mortality conference: (1) we adopted a recently described presentation framework called situation‐background‐assessment‐recommendation and (2) appointed a faculty moderator to lead the conference. Surveys were distributed to residents and faculty before and after these modifications were implemented to measure changes in attitude of conference attendees.

Results

After implementing the above changes to the morbidity and mortality conference, participant engagement increased from “moderately engaged” to “extremely engaged” (P <. 01). Among both faculty and residents, the perceived educational value of conference also improved from “moderately educational” to “extremely educational” (P <. 01). Finally in the attending cohort, the impact on future patient care increased from “no change” to “greatly enhanced” (P <. 01).

Conclusion

By implementing the situation‐background‐assessment‐recommendation framework and appointing a faculty moderator to morbidity and mortality conference, participants reported significantly enhanced engagement during the conference, increased educational value of the session, and a positive impact on future patient care.
A logic-based representation and tree-based visualization method for building regulatory requirements
Authors: Zhang Jiansong
Published: March 2017

Background

Many research and development efforts have been made for automated compliance checking of building designs with regulatory requirements, but there is a lack of a non-proprietary and user-understandable representation of building regulations to support automated compliance checking in the construction domain that is experimentally tested for understandability and reading speed.

Methods

This research investigates a logic-based representation and tree-based visualization method for building regulatory requirements. The logic-based representation is based on classic logic programming language and can directly support automated compliance checking. The tree-based visualization is expected to improve the understandability and reading speed of the logic-based representation. Therefore, this method attempts to add to the limited research in non-proprietary and user-understandable representation of building regulations that is experimentally tested for understandability and reading speed. To test the understandability and reading speed of regulatory requirements using this representation and visualization method, a survey was conducted to compare different representations, namely, text, logic-based, and tree-based.

Results

Statistical analysis of the survey results shows that the proposed tree-based visualization method can significantly improve the understandability and reading speed of the logic-based regulatory requirement representation and this visualization method is at a comparable status with the original text representation of regulatory requirements in terms of understandability and reading speed.

Conclusions

(1) The investigated logic-based representation and tree-based visualization method for regulatory requirements serves as one potential non-proprietary and user-understandable representation of building regulations; (2) this research shows that computable representations of regulatory requirements can achieve understandability and reading speed that are comparable to the original text representation through tree-based visualization; and (3) this research reveals that the tree-based visualization of regulatory requirements improves the understandability and reading speed of regulatory requirements when such use is compared to the computable logic-based representation.
Liquid hydrocarbon characterization of the lacustrine Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China: Organic-matter source variation and thermal maturity
Authors: Sun Xun , Liang Quansheng , Jiang Chengfu , Enriquez Daniel , Zhang Tongwei , Hackley Paul
Published: March 2017

Source-rock samples from the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin of China were geochemically characterized to determine variations in depositional environments, organic-matter (OM) source, and thermal maturity. Total organic carbon (TOC) content varies from 4 wt% to 10 wt% in the Chang 7, Chang 8, and Chang 9 members — the three OM-rich shale intervals. The Chang 7 has the highest TOC and hydrogen index values, and it is considered the best source rock in the formation. Geochemical evidence indicates that the main sources of OM in the Yanchang Formation are freshwater lacustrine phytoplanktons, aquatic macrophytes, aquatic organisms, and land plants deposited under a weakly reducing to suboxic depositional environment. The elevated [Formula: see text] sterane concentration and depleted [Formula: see text] values of OM in the middle of the Chang 7 may indicate the presence of freshwater cyanobacteria blooms that corresponds to a period of maximum lake expansion. The OM deposited in deeper parts of the lake is dominated by oil-prone type I or type II kerogen or a mixture of both. The OM deposited in shallower settings is characterized by increased terrestrial input with a mixture of types II and III kerogen. These source rocks are in the oil window, with maturity increasing with burial depth. The measured solid-bitumen reflectance and calculated vitrinite reflectance from the temperature at maximum release of hydrocarbons occurs during Rock-Eval pyrolysis ([Formula: see text]) and the methylphenanthrene index (MPI-1) chemical maturity parameters range from 0.8 to [Formula: see text]. Because the thermal labilities of OM are associated with the kerogen type, the required thermal stress for oil generation from types I and II mixed kerogen has a higher and narrower range of temperature for hydrocarbon generation than that of OM dominated by type II kerogen or types II and III mixed kerogen deposited in the prodelta and delta front.
Comparison of Onsite Versus Online Chart Reviews as Part of the American College of Radiation Oncology Accreditation Program
Authors: Hepel Jaroslaw T. , Heron Dwight E. , Mundt Arno J. , Yashar Catheryn , Feigenberg Steven , Koltis Gordon , Regine William F. , Prasad Dheerendra , Patel Shilpen , Sharma Navesh , Hebert Mary , Wallis Norman , Kuettel Michael
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

Accreditation based on peer review of professional standards of care is essential in ensuring quality and safety in administration of radiation therapy. Traditionally, medical chart reviews have been performed by a physical onsite visit. The American College of Radiation Oncology Accreditation Program has remodeled its process whereby electronic charts are reviewed remotely.

Methods:

Twenty-eight radiation oncology practices undergoing accreditation had three charts per practice undergo both onsite and online review. Onsite review was performed by a single reviewer for each practice. Online review consisted of one or more disease site–specific reviewers for each practice. Onsite and online reviews were blinded and scored on a 100-point scale on the basis of 20 categories. A score of less than 75 was failing, and a score of 75 to 79 was marginal. Any failed charts underwent rereview by a disease site team leader.

Results:

Eighty-four charts underwent both onsite and online review. The mean scores were 86.0 and 86.9 points for charts reviewed onsite and online, respectively. Comparison of onsite and online reviews revealed no statistical difference in chart scores ( P = .43). Of charts reviewed, 21% had a marginal (n = 8) or failing (n = 10) score. There was no difference in failing charts ( P = .48) or combined marginal and failing charts ( P = .13) comparing onsite and online reviews.

Conclusion:

The American College of Radiation Oncology accreditation process of online chart review results in comparable review scores and rate of failing scores compared with traditional on-site review. However, the modern online process holds less potential for bias by using multiple reviewers per practice and allows for greater oversight via disease site team leader rereview.
Chinese Literary Thought in Modern Times: Shi, Xing, and Shishi
Authors: Wang David Der-wei
Published: March 2017

Modern Chinese literature is always already in the transculturation of non-Chinese concepts and discourses. My quibble with the current state of the field, however, has to do with the way we respond to the consequences of the transcultural traffic. While we assume a position of (moralist, political, or intellectual) sincerity, we tend to stop short of grappling with the “authenticity and viability” of our own theoretical frameworks regarding the subjects under critique. It has become a commonplace to criticize the uneven development of discursive agency in Chinese literary and cultural studies, with Western theory taking precedence over Chinese subjects (and subjectivities). But one cannot help noting that some of the most critical voices are themselves empowered by, or even sustaining, the Western canon they set out to subvert. Overcoming such a dilemma does not require us to retroactively claim either cultural essentialism or political historicism. Rather, we should seek to reengage theory, enacting “the mobility of ideas across time and space, which draws attention to the ways in which contexts both transform and are transformed by its movement.” I argue that the “mobility” of theory presumably inherent in the current theoretical paradigm has not taken us far enough in exploring new terrain. In this article, I propose that we triangulate the paradigm of modern Chinese literary and cultural studies, by bringing premodern Chinese literary thought to bear on theoretical engagement on the one hand and textual studies on the other.
Song History in Kowloon and Loyalist Classical Poetry: Chen Botao, Sung Wong Toi, and Autumn Chants on the Terrace of the Song Emperors
Authors: Chia-cian Ko
Published: March 2017

Just a few years after the overthrow of China's last imperial dynasty, the Qing dynasty loyalist Chen Botao 陳伯陶 (1855–1930) assembled scholars at the Terrace of the Song Emperors 宋王臺 (Song Wang Tai, or Sung Wong Toi) in Hong Kong Kowloon to compose and recite poetry as a tribute to the adherents of the Song dynasty 宋 (960–1279) that sought refuge in Kowloon more than six centuries before. The poetic odes to Sung Wong Toi, compiled in the 1917 collection Song tai qiu chang 宋臺秋唱 (Autumn Chants on the Terrace of the Song Emperors), construct a dialectical tension between Kowloon as a place of exile in Chinese history and the lyrical symbolism of its representation in the compilation's classical poetry. More than merely a commemoration to a long-lost past, Chen's efforts instigated a collective response from loyalist scholars that created a literary space in early republican-era Hong Kong for them to express their commitment to the fallen dynasty and at the same time defined the historical and cultural significance of place and history in Hong Kong Kowloon. In the context of the British colonial administration, these scholars' historical narratives and lyrical poetics effectively nurtured a discourse on loyalism in Hong Kong literature.
Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Authors: Palaniappan Manikandan , Indiran Venkatraman , Maduraimuthu Prabakaran
Published: March 2017

Background: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), a fracture through the physis with resultant slip of the epiphysis, is the most common hip abnormality in adolescents and is a major cause of early osteoarthritis. Plain radiograph is the initial modality used to evaluate patients with painful hip joints. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which do not involve radiation exposure, have also been used. This case report supports the view that ultrasound can be used as an initial, cost-effective and radiation-free modality for the evaluation of suspected SCFE.

Case Report: A 15-year-old male patient presented with pain in the right hip for 5 days, following a slip and fall accident while playing soccer. The patient was referred to the Department of Radio-diagnosis for ultrasound. A posterior displacement of the femoral head epiphysis with a physeal step was seen on the longitudinal section obtained over the right hip joint region. The anterior physeal step (APS) measured ~3.8 mm on the right side. The distance between the anterior rim of the acetabulum and the metaphysis measured ~20.4 mm on the affected right side and ~23.6 mm on the left side. A plain radiograph in frog leg position showed a widening of the right proximal physis below the right femoral head, with a medial and posterior slip of the right femoral head. A frontal radiograph of the pelvis taken six months before showed a widening of the proximal right femoral physis.

Conclusions: Although MRI appears to be the most sensitive modality for identifying slips early, ultrasound may be used as a cost-effective and radiation-free alternative before proceeding with further evaluation of suspected SCFE, especially considering the demographics of the affected population.
ОСНОВЫ КОНВЕРГЕНЦИИ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ ВОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ
Authors: Bondarenko Vladimir Leonidovich , Semenova Elena Anatol’evna , Gurina Irina Vladimirovna , Aliferov Aleksei Vyacheslavovich
Published: March 2017

Исследованиями являлось совершенствование конвергенции технологий использования водных ресурсов в сельскохозяйственном производстве. На современном этапе развития водохозяйственного комплекса в составе АПК бассейновых геосистем Северного Кавказа и Южного Федерального округа, где проживает более 23 млн чел. (16,3% от числа жителей Российской Федерации) стоит весьма амбициозная задача по созданию принципиально новых технологий использования водных ресурсов в различных технологических системах [1]. Результаты многолетних исследований ПТС «Природная среда – Объект деятельности – Население» в области использования водных ресурсов показывают, что главным и практически единственным направлением решения данной проблемы является совершенствование применения энергии водных ресурсов на основе современных научных подходов и создание новых технологий производства сельскохозяйственной продукции [2, 3]. Одним из таких научных подходов является конвергентный, который объединяет в себе достижения в фундаментальных знаниях (физике, химии, биологии, математике и др.) и отраслевых научных направлениях (материаловедение, гидрологии, гидравлики, информатики и др.) [4, 5]. В качестве выводов следует отметить, что конвергентный подход к созданию новых и совершенствованию существующих технологий водопользования в АПК позволяет сформироваться устойчивой тенденции к более широкому применению возобновляемых источников электрической энергии на малых ГЭС с целью повышения эффективности использования водных ресурсов. Кроме того, водный режим в корнеобитаемом слое почвы может быть управляемым, что способствует манипулированию процессами взаимосвязи между потреблением необходимого количества воды растениями и технологией подачи воды в активный слой почвы [6].
ЭКОСИСТЕМНЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЮ ОРОСИТЕЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Olgarenko Vladimir Ivanovich , Olgarenko Igor Vladimirovich , Olgarenko Vladimir Igorevich
Published: March 2017

В статье изложены новые методологические подходы по оптимизации процесса функционирования оросительных систем, которые прошли широкую производственную проверку на оросительных системах Северного Кавказа и обоснованы с позиций ландшафтного подхода и на основе развития законов техники, кибернетики, экологии и экономико-математических методов. Предложен методологический подход, который даёт возможность рассматривать систему как многофакторную, замкнутую с регулируемыми антропогенными воздействиями на природную среду, что позволило разработать модель оросительной системы как объекта управления с учётом экологических требований и воздействий на неё природных и управляемых факторов, а также факторов оптимизации. Определена классификация, необходимая для оперативного планирования и управления орошением, включающая информационно-справочную, сезонную и оперативную информацию. Совершенствование процесса планирования и управления орошением обеспечивается моделью прогноза, состоящей из блоков управления информационной базой и пространственно-временной оптимизации.
ОЦЕНКА ФАКТИЧЕСКОГО ПИТАНИЯ И ПИЩЕВОГО СТАТУСА СТУДЕНТОВ
Authors: Aminova Olga Sergeevna , Uvarova Iuliya Eugen’evna , Tyatenkova Nataliya Nikolaevna
Published: March 2017

Цель. Изучение фактического питания и пищевого статуса студентов по потреблению макронутриентов и индексу массы тела.Материалы и методы. В исследовании участвовало 379 студентов средний возраст которых составил 20,1±1,5 лет. Обследование проводилось методом анализа частоты потребления пищи. Пищевой статус оценивался по показателю индекса массы тела. Обработку полученных результатов осуществляли с использованием пакетов статистических программ Statistica 10.0 и MicrosoftExсel 2010.Результаты. Основная часть студентов питалась три-четыре раза в день, нарушение режима питания (прием пищи менее 3 раз в день) выявлено у 23% девушек и 24% юношей. Оценка распределения калорийности пищи по ее приемам в течение дня показала, что 50% девушек и 58% юношей потребляли наибольшее количество пищи за вечерний прием.Оценка среднесуточного потребления энергии и макронутриентов выявила достоверные различия по половому признаку. При этом отмечено избыточное поступление с пищей энергии, за счет повышенного потребления белков и жиров у студентов обоего пола.Среднегрупповые значения индекса массы тела оценивались как нормальные у 66% студентов обоего пола. У 25% девушек и 17% юношей зарегистрирована недостаточная масса тела. Избыточная масса тела и ожирение отмечается у 10% девушек и 18% юношей. Получены достоверные различия по энергетической ценности рационов среди девушек имеющих недостаток массы тела и избыток. У юношей данной зависимости выявлено не было.Заключение. Результаты проведенного исследования показали, что у 70% студентов питание не соответствует гигиеническим нормам и имеет преимущественно белково-жировую направленность.
The Role of Pension Funds in Financing US Federal Debt
Authors: Аксенов  , Aksenov P. , Емельянов  , Emelyanov S.
Published: March 2017

The article examines main trends in financing the federal debt, pointing out its structure, with focus on the role of pension funds as a source of financing; because the surplus of Social Security funds is loaned to the rest of the government; interlinks concerning this process and possible problems; the peculiarities of the federal government pension system’s investment in the government bonds. The US public debt as a share of GDP is much less than in many countries, but its volume is near 20 trln. doll. It may be classified by marketable and non-marketable securities, which are mainly owed to certain government trust funds such as the Social Security trust fund. So the Social Security trust fund, in effect is exchanging one type of debt for the other, taking into consideration that the non-marketable securities represent amounts owed to the beneficiaries. The reserves are in effect borrowed for a time by the rest of the government, and then repaid with interest when the trust funds need them back. Looking ahead Social Security will continue to be financed through its own receipts, mainly payroll tax; and Social Security Trust Fund surplus will become diminishing, with less possibilities to finance federal debt.
A Stochastic Electricity Market Clearing Formulation with Consistent Pricing Properties
Authors: Zavala Victor M. , Kim Kibaek , Anitescu Mihai , Birge John
Published: March 2017

We argue that deterministic market clearing formulations introduce arbitrary distortions between day-ahead and expected real-time prices that bias economic incentives. We extend and analyze a previously proposed stochastic clearing formulation in which the social surplus function induces penalties between day-ahead and real-time quantities. We prove that the formulation yields price bounded price distortions, and we show that adding a similar penalty term to transmission flows and phase angles ensures boundedness throughout the network. We prove that when the price distortions are zero, day-ahead quantities equal a quantile of their real-time counterparts. The undesired effects of price distortions suggest that stochastic settings provide significant benefits over deterministic ones that go beyond social surplus improvements. We propose additional metrics to evaluate these benefits.
The effects of the NHS reforms on quality of care
Authors: Mofidi Reza , Marrow Carol
Published: March 2017

The Health and Social Care Act 2012 (HSCA2012) has altered the operational and business environment in which NHS trusts in England operate. The Shelford group is one of the leading multi-specialty NHS trusts in England. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of HSCA2012 on the quality of care provided by the group. Annual quality of accounts produced by each of the Shelford group trusts for financial years (FYs) 2012–13, 2013–14 and FY 2014-15 were reviewed. The key performance indicators (KPIs) for each organisation were collected and classified in line with NHS Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF). KPIs for the period just prior to enactment of HSCA2012 (FY2012–13) were compared with the corresponding values for the period after the enactment of HSCA2012. The benchmarking model used in the study was validated against the Hospital Intelligent Monitoring Report used by the Care Quality Commission. The clinical services provided by the group increased year on year by 7.5%, 6.4% and 4% respectively. In the FY2014–15, the group collectively provided 14 735 000 patient care episodes There was no significant difference in the value of the KPIs before and after enactment of HSCA2012 along the six domains defined by the QOF. Good correlation was observed between the benchmarking method used in the study compared with the HIMR (r2 = 0.86). The quality of care provided by the group did not change following enactment of HSCA2012.
Research Methods for Nurses and Midwives
Authors: Boswell Andrew Edward
Published: March 2017

A review of Harvey M, Land L (2017) Research Methods for Nurses and Midwives: Theory and Practice. Sage Publications Limited, London
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: March 2017

Mark Greener presents key studies published in healthcare journals
Post-polio syndrome: The legacy of a long-forgotten problem
Authors: Cope Graham
Published: March 2017

A condition rarely discussed, the aftermath of polio affects thousands of people, writes Graham Cope
Tackling urinary incontinence
Authors: Kochhar Suneeta
Published: March 2017

A common condition of advancing age might require further examination, writes Suneeta Kochhar
Talking with parents about immunisation
Authors: Bedford Helen E
Published: March 2017

Communication between parents and practice nurses is an important part of a successful child immunisation programme. Helen Bedford outlines some of the most commonly asked questions

The UK childhood immunisation programme is highly successful. Key to its success is the relationship between primary care nurses and parents with the former often called upon to explain the frequently changing schedule to the latter. The aim of this article is to consider some of the current common questions parents ask about immunisation. These questions have been identified from a variety of sources including the literature (e.g. Brown et al, 2010 ), Internet discussion groups, anecdotal reports from practitioners and the author's own experience advising parents and teaching health-care professionals involved in immunisation. Information is provided to support practitioners in responding to these questions and further resources are highlighted.
Crucial Pupil Premium advice – from students and Ofsted
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: March 2017

SecEd's 7th Pupil Premium and Ofsted Conference hears advice and inspiration from the pupils themselves as well as from Ofsted
Inducting new governors
Authors: Collinson Alex
Published: March 2017

Are your school's governors being inducted effectively? Alex Collinson offers some induction tips to help you ensure your governors remain in post for longer
Looked-after students and Attachment Disorder
Authors: Sobel Daniel
Published: March 2017

Looked-after students continue to struggle in our education system. Inclusion expert Daniel Sobel looks at why this is, including a focus on Attachment Theory and how we might reduce the high number of exclusions for this cohort
An oral lesion as the primary clinical manifestation of sarcoidosis
Authors: Gill I , Siddiqi J
Published: March 2017

An oral lesion as the first clinical presentation of sarcoidosis is extremely rare. We present the case of a 39-year-old woman who was referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgery department with a persistent asymptomatic nodular lesion in the hard palate. This was located adjacent to a grossly carious upper first molar and a provisional diagnosis of chronic periapical granuloma was made. An incisional biopsy of the lesion was carried out, which unexpectedly revealed the presence of a non-caseating granulomatous inflammatory reaction. A referral was sent to the respiratory medicine team and a diagnosis was later confirmed of stage II sarcoidosis. This case report highlights the need for clinicians to be aware of all possible causes of oral lesions, including rare manifestations of underlying systemic disease.
Associations of Partner Age Gap at Sexual Debut with Teenage Parenthood and Lifetime Number of Partners
Authors: Masho Saba W. , Chambers Gregory J. , Wallenborn Jordyn T. , Ferrance Jacquelyn L.
Published: March 2017

CONTEXT

Age at sexual debut and age gap between partners at debut are modifiable characteristics that may be related to risky sexual behaviors. Understanding any such relationships is a necessary first step toward strengthening risk interventions.

METHODS

Age at sexual debut and partner age gap were examined for 3,154 female and 2,713 male respondents to the 2011–2013 National Survey of Family Growth who first had intercourse before age 18. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between these measures and teenage parenthood and reporting a high lifetime number of partners (i.e., a number above the sample median).

RESULTS

Females’ odds of teenage parenthood were elevated if sexual debut occurred at ages 15–17 and involved a partner age gap of 3–4 years (odds ratio, 1.8) or more (2.0); they were reduced if debut occurred before age 15 and the gap was 3–4 years (0.8). Females’ likelihood of reporting a high lifetime number of partners was negatively associated with age gap (0.4–0.7, depending on age at debut and length of age gap). Males’ likelihood of reporting a large number of partners was positively associated with age gap if sexual debut was before age 15 and the gap was five or more years (1.7) or if debut was at ages 15–17 and involved a 3–4‐year gap (2.0).

CONCLUSION

Identifying the mechanisms underlying these associations could inform program design and implementation.