bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing Transverse Momentum Dependent splitting functions in Parton Branching evolution equations
Authors: Keersmaekers Lissa
Published: July 2022

The Parton Branching (PB) approach describes the evolution of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton densities. We propose to extend the PB method by including TMD splitting functions, instead of the DGLAP splitting functions which assume strong ordering in transverse momentum. We present the evolution equations and their numerical solution, which is the first Monte Carlo implementation including TMD splitting functions.
STUCK UP!!!- CASE REPORT OF A RECTAL FOREIGN BODY
Authors:   Department of General Surgery., A. Kalokhe Shifa , Saha Shaunak ,   MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai., Soni Mukesh ,   MGM Institute of Health Sciences., Reza Ali ,   MGM Institute of Health Sciences.
Published: July 2022

Rectal foreign bodies have a been a part of history for causing anorectal trauma. The first described report on the management of retained rectal foreign bodies dates back to the 16th century,and the first case reports of the modern era were published in 1919. The mean age at presentation is 44 years with a decidedly higher proportion of male patients.Mostly the foreign body found in rectum are inserted with an attempt to hide illegal objects or for sexual activities, and patients do not share complete and proper history with the treating doctor because of Embarrassment which complicates the management. We present a case of 30-year-old /M, who works in a plastic factory presented to casualty with c/o Constipation and Abdominal pain. On Detailed History the Patient explained the incident of inserting a self-made plastic tube in the Rectum which failed to come out on trying. On Xray Abdomen Erect s/o dilated bowel loops, with no gas under diaphragm. CECT showed large oblong foreign body in Rectum. Patient was taken to operating room and Manual removal of Foreign Body done under Spinal Anaesthesia. Foreign body was found to be a tubular, blunt, atraumatic plastic tube. Thus, we present a case of Rectal Foreign body which could be removed without operative intervention as the object was blunt and patient presented early to casualty.
Do esquecimento de si ao chamado da consciência em Heidegger
Authors: Martins Filho José Reinaldo Felipe
Published: July 2022

Este artigo se dedica ao conceito de consciência, ou melhor, de chamado da consciência, tal como delineado por Heidegger na segunda seção de Ser e Tempo. Ao mesmo tempo em que se mostra como um conceito intransponível para a compreensão da condição de autenticidade do ente Dasein, a discussão sobre a consciência também estabelece a relação de Heidegger com a tradição fenomenológica de maneira mais abrangente, como ruptura de um fluxo interpretativo e sedimentação de uma nova acepção. A noção de esquecimento aqui não mais se aplica ao problema da história da metafísica em relação à pergunta fundamental pelo ser, mas à autocompreensão do Dasein como ente aberto a uma temporalidade finita, já que nos empreendimentos inerentes à vida cotidiana, esse ente degenera-se na impessoalidade, no “a-gente” – por meio do qual instaura-se a inautenticidade. Eis, pois, o horizonte interpretativo em que se instaura o problema da consciência em Ser e Tempo, que compreende uma das principais fontes para a abordagem do tema no pensamento de Martin Heidegger.
La estética de Kandinsky y el gnosticismo
Authors: Solís Nova David Alfonso , Burgos Ortiz Valeria
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo es un estudio teórico sobre las similitudes entre las doctrinas gnósticas, que florecieron alrededor del siglo ii de nuestra era, y el pensamiento estético del pintor ruso Vasili Kandinsky. El objetivo es analizar estos dos marcos de ideas filosóficas y espirituales para exponer sus similitudes y diferencias. De esta manera, se indagará si, pese a los siglos que las separan y la diferencia de contextos históricos que las rodean, pueden existir en los orígenes de ambas propuestas doctrinales unas problemáticas existenciales y filosóficas comunes. El estudio buscará, con ello, dilucidar si es posible entender la estética de Kandinsky como una especial gnosis moderna estructurada a través de sus planteamientos conceptuales y artísticos. Los resultados de la investigación pretenden no solo dar luces sobre la originalidad de Kandinsky dentro de la historia del arte, sino que también llegar a ser útiles para resaltar y comprender algunos puntos importantes de la discusión cultural dentro de la cual se enmarca su obra.
Las emociones y su relevancia moral y política
Authors: Grajales Usuga Martha Elena
Published: July 2022

El propósito de este texto es hacer un análisis de las actuales teorías de las emociones de Agnes Heller, Martha Nussbaum y Peter Hacker y los argumentos que proponen para rehabilitar las emociones dentro del campo moral y político.  Para cumplir con este objetivo, primero, se analizan los argumentos que los tres filósofos proponen para sustentar la idea de que las emociones son importantes para la supervivencia y el desarrollo de la vida humana. Segundo, se explica lo que quieren decir los autores al definir las emociones como fenómenos  cognitivos.  Tercero, se muestra la incidencia de la sociedad y la cultura en el aprendizaje y en la vivencia de las emociones. A partir de estas aclaraciones previas, la cuarta sección está dedicada a mostrar más precisamente el entretejimiento entre emociones, moral y política. Se concluye que a pesar de las diferencias conceptuales y metodológicas que existen  entre los tres filósofos, su obra permite trazar coincidencias y  complementaciones que dan un sólido sustento a la tesis de que las emociones son imprescindibles para la vida humana y su comportamiento moral y político. También que los resultados de esta puesta en diálogo son un marco conceptual que puede orientar trabajos más específicos sobre la relación del mundo afectivo y el mundo social y político.
Knowledge and Awareness regarding Dental Management of Hemophilic Patients among Students of a Malaysian University: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: George Ann Mary , Mayya Anoop , Mayya Arun , Iszham Azzura Binti , Rafi Nur Hanna Binti Moh’d , Marius Royle , Mayya Shreemathi S.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Improper management of bleeding disorders in the dental setting can lead to complications that can endanger the lives of such patients.

Objective:

This study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness of dental management of hemophilia among undergraduate students of a Malaysian university.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the year 2018-2019 to collect the data. A 23-item questionnaire developed and validated by the authors was used to collect data on the knowledge and awareness regarding dental management of hemophilia patients. A total of 216 dental students participated in this research. Unpaired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the knowledge score between gender and academic year.

Results:

Only 21% of the participants were confident in treating a hemophilia patient. About 97% of the participants believed that the dental curriculum must be modified to emphasize the dental management of bleeding disorders. The overall mean of the knowledge score was 47.38% and awareness was 73.7% regarding the management of patients with hemophilia.

Conclusion:

The study revealed significant scope for improvement in the dental students' knowledge, which can be achieved by modifying the dental curriculum suitably to provide more emphasis on the management of bleeding disorders.
Caso: beneficios económicos por lograr transferencia tecnológica de una patente en una universidad latinoamericana
Authors: Flores Cadena Gary
Published: July 2022

Muchas universidades latinoamericanas han desarrollado varias innovaciones en patentes y servicios, generando desarrollos fáciles de comercializar para conseguir ingresos; sin embargo, la falta de un adecuado enfoque del sistema de transferencia tecnológica efectivo, al igual que una referencia que permita proponer un valor de venta cierto sobre esas innovaciones y patentes, les impiden obtener beneficios económicos de estos productos y servicios de empresas públicas y privadas.
En el presente estudio se propone un método técnico que, sumado a un sistema efectivo de transferencia tecnológica que permita cuantizar el potencial de las universidades y lograr que las innovaciones, servicios y desarrollos que producen se comercialicen eficazmente. Para ello se cuantiza todo el potencial que posee la universidad, evaluando todos los aportes de personal, grupos de investigación, laboratorios, etc., para luego pesar los mejores referentes y con mayor potencial para comercializarse.
Como las universidades públicas buscan generar el mayor beneficio a la sociedad en productos y servicios sin afán de lucro, en ese caso se propone medir el verdadero impacto de esos beneficios a través de índices que cuantifiquen la masa social a la que impactan.  Empleando como ejemplo una patente de invención desarrollada por Escuela Politécnica Nacional del Ecuador, se realiza el cálculo del valor de venta y la proyección de réditos que recibiría la universidad, que puede servir como ejemplo para otras universidades latinoamericanas.
Community engagement for meaningful and sustainable digital literacy training in Uganda
Authors: Lipeikaite Ugne , Amanyabyoona Raymond , Kamukama Asia , Katungisa Adonia
Published: July 2022

This article provides practical insight on how public library programmes can deploy community needs assessment as a tool to engage the community into the development of library services and programmes for specific target groups. This approach contributes to the practice of needs-based library service development as well as demonstrates how community needs assessment can also serve as a library outreach mechanism to community members. 

The community needs assessment study, described in this article, was done in Uganda in early 2021 by EIFL (Electronic information for libraries), Peer 2 Peer University, National Library of Uganda and Maendeleo Foundation. The study was aimed at developing a meaningful and sustainable digital literacy skills training for women and youth to be delivered via a nation-wide network of public and community libraries. The study is a part of a project “Digital skills and inclusion through libraries in Uganda”, which is funded by Belgium through the Wehubit Programme implemented by the Belgian development agency, Enabel.

The study consisted of interviews with librarians and meetings with library authorities and community members across the country. The study was used both to gain a deeper understanding of expectations and preferences of women and youth in relation to the digital skills and online content, and also to raise awareness about the upcoming training by the project at early stages.

In this article, we are sharing learnings from the process, as well as discussing how the findings were used to inform and shape the development of the digital literacy training programme.
Analyzing the Impact of Mobile App Engagement on Mental Health Outcomes: Secondary Analysis of the Unwinding Anxiety Program
Authors: Nardi William , Roy Alexandra , Dunsiger Shira , Brewer Judson
Published: July 2022

Background

App-based interventions provide a promising avenue for mitigating the burden on mental health services by complimenting therapist-led treatments for anxiety. However, it remains unclear how specific systems’ use of app features may be associated with changes in mental health outcomes (eg, anxiety and worry).

Objective

This study was a secondary analysis of engagement data from a stage 1 randomized controlled trial testing the impact of the Unwinding Anxiety mobile app among adults with generalized anxiety disorder. The aims of this study were 2-fold: to investigate whether higher microengagement with the primary intervention feature (ie, educational modules) is associated with positive changes in mental health outcomes at 2 months (ie, anxiety, worry, interoceptive awareness, and emotional reactivity) and to investigate whether the use of adjunctive app features is also associated with changes in mental health outcomes.

Methods

We analyzed the intervention group during the stage 1 trial of the Unwinding Anxiety mobile app. The total use of specific mobile app features and the use specific to each feature were calculated. We used multivariate linear models with a priori significance of α=.05 to investigate the impact of cumulative app use on anxiety, worry, interoceptive awareness, and emotional regulation at 2 months, controlling for baseline scores, age, and education level in all models. Significant relationships between system use metrics and baseline participant characteristics were assessed for differences in use groupings using between-group testing (ie, 2-tailed t tests for continuous data and chi-square analyses for categorical data).

Results

The sample was primarily female (25/27, 93%), and the average age was 42.9 (SD 15.6) years. Educational module completion, the central intervention component, averaged 20.2 (SD 11.4) modules out of 32 for the total sample. Multivariate models revealed that completing >75% of the program was associated with an average 22.6-point increase in interoceptive awareness (b=22.6; SE 8.32; P=.01; 95% CI 5.3-39.8) and an 11.6-point decrease in worry (b=−11.6; SE 4.12; P=.01; 95% CI −20.2 to −3.1). In addition, a single log unit change in the total number of meditations was associated with a 0.62-point reduction in the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale scores (b=0.62; SE 0.27; P=.005; 95% CI −1.2 to −0.6), whereas a single log unit use of the stress meter was associated with an average of a 0.5-point increase in emotional regulation scores (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire; b=0.5; SE 0.21; P=.03; 95% CI 0.1-0.9).

Conclusions

This study offers a clearer understanding of the impact of engagement with app features on broader engagement with the health outcomes of interest. This study highlights the importance of comprehensive investigations of engagement during the development of evidence-based mobile apps.
The value of proteomic studies of the latest markers of kidney damage in the urine to assess the course, progression and complications in patients with CKD
Authors: Denova L.D.
Published: July 2022

Сhronic kidney Disease (CKD) is the cause of both morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Ukraine, 12 % of the population is diagnosed with CKD. Significantly worsen the quality of life in patients with CKD progression of renal fibrosis and impaired mineral homeostasis. Early diagnosis and treatment are the main measures to prevent CKD progression and delay adverse effects. Deficiency of early, non-invasive biomarkers adversely affects the ability to rapidly detect and treat CKD. Proximal tubular lesions play an important role in the progression of CKD. There are new markers of kidney damage, such as uromodulin (UMOD), Klotho protein and post-translational modifications of fetuin A (FtA). Treatment of CKD in the early stages may improve renal function and/or slow the progression of CKD.
Rituximab use in the treatment of children with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Vakulenko L.I. , Lytvynova O.M. , Posmitjuha I.V.
Published: July 2022

Background. High recurrence rates of nephrotic syndrome in children and consequences in the form of steroid dependence and a high risk of side effects from corticosteroids as a result involve immunosuppressive steroid-preserving agents that would increase long-term remission. Rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that inhibits CD20-mediated B-cell proliferation and differentiation, has been identified as a possible alternative treatment. The purpose of the study — to estimate the efficacy and safety of treatment recurrence of nephrotic syndrome in children using rituximab like we did it on three clinical cases. Materials and methods. The experience of rituximab in children was analyzed according to the databases of Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health and our own study of the treatment of three children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome was presented. Results. Treatment of nephrotic syndrome in three children who are 5 to 7 years with rituximab was conducted. One child had a second recurrence, two children had a first recurrence. The previous episode of nephrotic syndrome in all children was treated according to the recommendations of KDIGO 2021. All patients received rituximab (two intravenous injections two weeks apart) at a dose of 15 mg/kg for 5–6 hours with prior administration of methylprednisolone at a dose of 7–10 mg/kg. One child had side effects to the first administration of rituximab in the form of hypotension 70/40 and tachycardia 116–118. Reducing the speed of administration helped to eliminate side effects. The next injection in two weeks the child endured well. The other two children had no side effects to both rituximab injections. Moreover after 1 month of rituximab administration was without side effects or hematological changes. The next administration of rituximab is scheduled in 6 months after the last administration with prior control of CD20 level. Conclusions. In general a review of studies of rituximab confirms the high efficacy of the medication in nephrotic syndrome in children and the requirement for long-term evaluation. Rituximab can be considered as a first-line treatment for recurrence of nephrotic syndrome, including in resource-limited settings. Our own experience with rituximab in recurrent nephrotic syndrome has revealed slight short-term side effects.
THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES OF CAPSAICIN: A MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT BIO-ACTIVE CONSTITUENT OF CHILLI PEPPER
Authors: SINGH SANGRAM , UDDIN MOIN , KHAN M. MASROOR A. , SINGH SARIKA , CHISHTI AMAN SOBIA , BHAT UROOJ HASSAN
Published: July 2022

Plants are the source of numerous pharmaceutically important compounds that have been employed to cure various human ailments since ancient times. With the assistance of modern chemistry and materials science, such pharmaceutically important compounds have been identified and isolated to produce new drugs. Alkaloids are one of the most significant classes of naturally occurring secondary-metabolites, which are synthesized and widely distributed in various parts of plants. They regulate various metabolic activities and induce physiological responses in the human body. Capsaicin is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in many species of peppers and is attributed to their spicy nature and pungent flavor. This alkaloid is a member of the Capsaicinoids group, which includes capsaicin, homocapsaicin, homodihydrocapsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and nordihydrocapsaicin. Capsaicin has a wide range of therapeutic potential against various human ailments. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the capsaicin molecule as well as an examination of its medicinal properties in a variety of human disorders, including pain, various types of cancer, ulcers, diabetes, obesity, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases.
A RECENT REVIEW ON: CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019
Authors: SINGH MANDEEP , DEV DHRUV
Published: July 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, the capital of China’s Hubei province and has rapidly spread all over the world. Until August 2020, >25 million cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection had been confirmed worldwide, causing >800,000 deaths. This disease was named by the World Health Organization (WHO) as COVID-19. Similar to SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, which are also caused by corona virus infections, COVID-19 mainly causes severe respiratory system damage; however, it also causes damage to multiple organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, the cardiovascular system and the nervous system. According to the WHO, common signs of infection include fever, cough, and respiratory difficulties like shortness of breath. Serious cases can lead to pneumonia, kidney failure, and even death. The main aim of the present review article was to summarize the current knowledge of COVID-19, such as the transmission process, diagnostic methods, clinical feature pathological characteristics, and treatment measures.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POSTPARTUM BLOOD LOSS BY VISUAL ESTIMATION METHOD AND BY GRAVIMETRIC METHOD
Authors: Hazarika Namrata , Pal Kaur Amrit , Madan Anita
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The aim of the study was to estimate postpartum blood loss visually and by gravimetric method and compare the both.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GMC Amritsar on 100 pregnant women satisfying the inclusion criteria over a period of 1.5 years. Patient’s consent was taken and visual estimation was done by the attending obstetrician and obstetric nurse. Total blood loss was calculated using gravimetric method and was compared to value given by visual estimation. Furthermore, comparison was done between the visual estimation values of the attending obstetrician and the obstetric nurse.
Results: Obstetrician observed 21.47% less blood loss than the actual (by gravimetric method) blood loss. Obstetric nurse observed 20.01% less blood loss than the obstetrician and 37.19% less than the actual loss.
Conclusion: Visual estimation underestimates the actual blood loss and, hence, an objective gravimetric method should be used for early and effective management of PPH.
PRESCRIPTION PATTERN ANALYSIS OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: INAMDAR ZEBA , SN SARWAMANGALA , V PADMAVATI , DALAL VARSHA I , N BALI PRASAD
Published: July 2022

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the prescription pattern of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and to identify the commonly used NSAIDs and their drug-related problems (DRPs). Methods: A prospective and cross-sectional study on prescription pattern analysis of NSAIDs was conducted for the period of 6 months. Results: Prescriptions of 150 patients containing at least one NSAIDs were analyzed. About 56% of the prescription were prescribed for males and 44% prescription were female. NSAIDs were more prescribed for below 60-year age group (47%) but were most frequently used by 61–70-year age group (21%). Subjects were regularly prescribed with acetaminophen (95%) and diclofenac (22%). Among all the prescriptions, (19%) of the prescriptions contained NSAIDs in the form of fixed dose combinations (FDCs). About 37% of prescriptions had other analgesic coprescribed along with NSAIDs amid which tramadol was in majority (22%). Prescription was also coprescribed with antibiotic (90%) and gastroprotective agents (GPAs) (97%) that consisted of pantoprazole belonging to the class of proton pump inhibitors which was the persistently prescribed GPA (86%). Due to coprescription, (3%) suspected drug-drug interactions (DDIs) were observed. Conclusion: The goal of studying prescribing patterns was to monitor, assess, and, if required, advise changes in medical practitioners’ prescribing behavior to offer quality medical treatment and reasonable drug use. The prescribing pattern was rational and in accordance with national list of essential medicine (NLEM-2015) but was not in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) model list of essential medicines.
A PROSPECTIVE AND OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO ANALYZE THE ASSOCIATION OF LIPID PROFILE ABNORMALITY WITH DISEASE SEVERITY IN SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS PATIENTS
Authors: Sharmila patil  , Vaishali Thakare  , Dubey Lily , Aastha Menon  , Hritika Sharma  , Tanusri Tetarbe
Published: July 2022

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of lipid profile abnormality and eborrheic dermatitis by analyzing the lipid profile; and to evaluate the association of lipid profile abnormality and severity of seborrheic dermatitis.
Methods: This prospective and observational study was conducted in the department of dermatology in Dr. D.Y. Patil University and Hospital, School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai. The diagnosed cases of Seborrheic Dermatitis were subjected to lipid profile examination. The demographic and disease profile was then compared among the patients with normal and abnormal lipid profile.
Results: A total of 30 seborrheic dermatitis patients were analyzed. Eighteen (60%) of the study participants were males. Serum triglyceride, LDL/ HDL ratio, and cholesterol total/HDL ratio were found to be significantly associated with disease severity.
Conclusion: The study suggests a significant role of monitoring serum profile in the patients of seborrheic dermatitis.
PREVALENCE OF REFRACTIVE ERRORS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN AN URBAN SETUP: A PROSPECTIVE AND OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: SINGH RAJINDER , KAUR SURINDER , KAUR HARBIR , THUKRAL JATIN
Published: July 2022

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of refractive errors and their types by their age, sex, and class among the students of secondary school in an urban area of state of Punjab, North India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on a total of 1545 school children, aged between 10 and 16 years studying in 6th–10th class. Sample size included 822 males and 723 females. Snellen’s distant test types and self-illuminated streak retinoscope were used for this study. Results: Cumulative prevalence of refractive errors was found to be 35.21% among the students. The distribution among the type of refractive errors was: Myopia – 65.07%, Hypermetropia – 14.89%, and Astigmatism – 20.04%. The prevalence among the male and female students was 34.91% and 35.55%, respectively. Conclusion: This study supports the screening of school children for visual acuity and their refractive errors so that they can be identified to improve their quality of life at present and also to prevent any long-term visual disability.
COMPARISON OF SAFETY OF LATANOPROST WITH PRESERVATIVE BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE (BAK) VERSUS BAK-FREE TRAVOPROST IN PRIMARY OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA
Authors: JUNEJA POOJA , SEEMA RANI  , TANDON ANUPAMA , BHUTANI GARIMA , SAINI RAHUL
Published: July 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the safety of BAK-preserved latanoprost versus travoprost BAK-free ophthalmic solution in the primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).
Methods: Prospective, open-labeled, and randomized comparative study conducted in tertiary care hospital. Forty patients were enrolled and divided into 20 patients in each group: Group A topical latanoprost (0.005%) with BAK and Group B topical BAK-free travoprost (0.004%). Safety assessment was done by following parameters – Schrimer test (ST), tear break-up time (TBUT), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI).
Results: ST and TBUT were calculated at baseline, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 4 months and OSDI scores were calculated at baseline, 2 months and 4 months. Group A and B were compared using ST, TBUT, and OSDI scores. Group B showed statistically significant results (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Topical BAK-free travoprost is more tolerable than BAK-preserved latanoprostin POAG.
FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY OF SALIVARY GLAND LESIONS WITH CATEGORIZATION BASED ON MILAN SYSTEM – A 5-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: SINGAL POONAM , GARG MONIKA , KAUR AMRINDER , BANSAL SUKRITI
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a well-established technique for initial assessment of salivary gland lesions. The Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology (MSRSGC) was introduced to provide a guide for diagnosis and management of salivary gland lesions according to risk of malignancy (ROM) in different categories.
Methods: A 5-year retrospective study was conducted to reclassify the salivary gland lesions from previous diagnosis. Clinical data, FNAC, and histopathology report was retrieved and cases were reclassified according to the Milan system of classification. Risk of malignancy was calculated for each category. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was calculated.
Results: A total of 314 cases were evaluated cytologically. Histopathology was available in 81 cases. The distribution of cases in different categories according to the Milan system was 1.27% (Cat I), 48.4% (Cat II), 1.91% (Cat III), 38.21%, (Cat IV A), 2.22% (Cat IV B), 3.18% (Cat V), and 4.77% (Cat VI). Overall risk of malignancy reported was 0%, 0%, 50%, 14.7% (Cat IV A), 66.66% (Cat IV B), 83.3%, and 100%, respectively. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value was 70.58%, 93.75%, 75%, and 92.30%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy was 88.89%.
Conclusion: MSRSGC is a useful system for conveying risk of malignancy (ROM) and deciding further treatment protocol and, hence, improves overall patient care and management.
COVID-19 VARIANTS OF CONCERNS TRACKING: HOW WE EASED OUT THE WHOLE PROCESS THROUGH OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE IN MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Sinha Veena , Swami Divya , Bijlwan Aanchal , Kumar Saurav , Kaurav Yogesh Singh , Kumar tiwari Vineet , Kumar singh Shailendra , Salam Shaiwya , Bhatt Vandana , Verma Ashish , Goyal Sanjay
Published: July 2022

Objective: To comprehend the evolution and spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) virus and also to prevent the future spread of the same, sequencing and analyzing the genomic data of SARS CoV-2 are essential. The objective of the present study is to describe the scope of improvement identified by the state of Madhya Pradesh in the data flow chain and the methodology designed to address the identified shortcomings.
Methods: The number of sources of sample data collection was altered as well as a series of Google Sheets were formulated as an open-source tool, to implement an efficient sample data-sharing platform. The application of the proposed tool (Google Sheets as a source of data collection and information sharing) was within the state of Madhya Pradesh, India.
Result: After utilizing this mechanism, the state was able to trace more than 80% VOCs and 3341 primary contacts and was also able to communicate this result to all stakeholders without much delay.
Conclusion: Based on successful implementation and results, the authors suggest widening the domain of the proposed tool to other states.
A COST VARIATION ANALYSIS OF ORAL AND TOPICAL ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS AVAILABLE FOR THE TREATMENT OF SUPERFICIAL FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN INDIA – AN INSIGHT TO THE RISING TREATMENT COST
Authors: Gupta Pawan , SANKDIA RAJANISH KUMAR , Marko Shashi , Dubey Lily
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study objective was to evaluate the cost variation among systemic and topical antifungal drugs used for superficial fungal infection which is available in India.
Methods: This cross-sectional study assembled the cost of individual antifungal agents belonging to the same strength and dosage forms being manufactured by different pharmaceutical companies in India were documented in Indian Rupees (INR). The study tools were the latest edition January–April 2022 of Current Index of Medical Specialties and 1 mg online application. The study parameters were minimum and maximum cost, difference in maximum and minimum cost, and percentage cost variation.
Results: A total of 14 antifungal agents, including seven orals and seven topical, were analyzed. Fluconazole 50 mg tablet is manufactured by 67 companies and has the maximum cost variation of 2695.8%. This is followed by capsule itraconazole 100 mg (cost variation – 1900%) and is manufactured by largest number of companies, that is, 1039. Luliconazole 30 g cream has highest cost ratio of 13.75 and cost variation of 1275% which was manufactured by largest number of companies, that is, 211. There was a linear relationship seen in linear regression analysis between number of manufacturing companies and percentage cost variation (p=0.0204).
Conclusion: A rationale prescription should always consider the most economical treatment depending on the patient. Adequate information to medical practitioner about cost variation of drugs and strict actions and coordination of regulatory authorities will overcome the problem of huge cost variation.
Lei de Newcomb-Benford como instrumento de análise e controle das despesas públicas
Authors: Freitas Alexandre Henrique Oliveira de , Magnani Vinícius Medeiros
Published: July 2022

Para que seja mitigada a crescente possibilidade de fraude e corrupção pela Administração Pública, considerando a rápida evolução da tecnologia da informação hodiernamente utilizada, ferramentas que possibilitem um controle efetivo e contínuo das contas públicas devem ser encontradas. Com isso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi de verificar empiricamente de que forma a Lei de Newcomb-Benford (Lei NB) poderia contribuir na análise e controle da despesa pública. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa de análise quantitativa e de caráter exploratório em modelo contabilométrico, baseado na relação entre a referida Lei e os Testes de Hipóteses X²-teste e Z-teste, avaliando-se 93.825 empenhos, de uma instituição pública do estado de São Paulo, nos anos de 2017 a 2019, período em que ocorreu alteração legislativa que influenciou o comportamento das despesas. No geral, observou-se uma não compatibilidade dos dados coletados com a lei, com a presença de variações estatísticas consideráveis para o primeiro dígito 7 dos exercícios 2017 e 2018, o que evidencia a possível evasão à realização de licitações; e menores diferenças para os dígitos extraídos das despesas de 2019, exercício com a legislação atualizada, confirmando que a alteração de valores limite para aquisição de produtos e serviços teve profundo impacto na distribuição dos dígitos referentes aos gastos públicos realizados pela entidade. A lei traz contribuições importantes para avaliação e acompanhamento da despesa pública, servindo como instrumento auxiliar aos trabalhos de controle, especialmente no que diz respeito ao planejamento e à definição de dados proeminentes a serem verificados na identificação de distorções relevantes.
Podcast: percepção de ouvintes de rádio sobre a mídia como canal de comunicação em Piracicaba
Authors: Donisete Geraldini Nunes Lilian , Jaoude Felipe Galesi
Published: July 2022

A comunicação, de modo geral, tem se reinventado e passado por períodos de transição ao longo do tempo. Com as mídias não é diferente. O rádio mudou muito desde sua época de ouro, entre as décadas de 1930 e 1950. Especialmente nos últimos anos, com a consolidação da internet, o veículo tem ganhado adaptações para que não perca os ouvintes, que mudam de perfil a cada nova geração. Dentro desse contexto, o podcast inseriu-se no mercado e pode ser considerado uma alternativa para os ouvintes que buscam conteúdo segmentado e que esteja disponível a qualquer hora. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar, por meio de uma pesquisa quantitativa descritiva, se o público de ouvintes das rádios de Piracicaba conhece e costuma ouvir a mídia podcast, bem como levantar quais são suas áreas de interesse. Com os dados coletados, a partir de determinado recorte do mercado, a intenção foi avaliar a viabilidade de as rádios do município, que não contam com podcast – quase que em sua totalidade –, acrescentarem a mídia como mais uma opção de plataforma para os ouvintes. O resultado do levantamento indica que as rádios locais poderiam começar a utilizar o podcast como mais uma forma de difundir o seu conteúdo, além de comercializar produtos, pelo fato de os ouvintes já estarem familiarizados com tal canal de comunicação.
Desempenho e volatilidade do Bitcoin entre os anos de 2017 a 2019 mediante Value at Risk
Authors: Silva Heloise Soares da , Machado João Victor
Published: July 2022

A pesquisa em questão buscou abordar o desempenho e volatilidade do Bitcoin, através de seus riscos e retornos perante o mercado financeiro. Foram considerados os anos de 2017 a 2019, os quais foram importantes para o crescimento e evolução do título. A análise dos dados foi feita através do método Value at Risk (VaR) paramétrico e histórico, que aborda a perda máxima potencial para um ativo, com o uso do preço versus o retorno, observando-se o desemprenho diário do título digital e levando-se em consideração os fatores que influenciaram para que o ativo fosse considerado de alta volatilidade e crescente evolução no mercado financeiro. Os resultados indicaram que, além de ser um ativo crescente, o Bitcoin ainda oferece diversos riscos ao investidor, como sua alta volatilidade, incertezas que rondam o uso de sua tecnologia, o blockchain como sistema de pagamentos, além do não respaldo governamental. Esses e outros pontos abordados na pesquisa ainda influenciam o poder de decisão do investidor, se está disposto a correr esses riscos e se aprofundar ainda mais no conhecimento desse título que veio para revolucionar os meios de pagamentos.
Potato Diseases Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: J Harisha , Malge Mrs. Renuka
Published: July 2022

Abstract: It is becoming more crucial than ever to do thorough study on actual rural occurrences, especially with the development of agricultural equipment and the application of artificial intelligence to the detection of plant diseases. The quantity and quality of potatoes are significantly impacted by several illnesses including early blight and late curse, and translating these leaf infections manually takes time and is uncomfortable. The output of potatoes can be increased by using skilled and automated identification of these problems during in the sprouting stage until it requires a high degree of competence. For the purpose of identifying a small number of plant diseases, several models have already been developed. In this work, a model that uses ready-made models like VGG19 to fine-tune (transfer learning how) the extraction of pertinent components from the dataset is presented. Then, with the use of several classifiers, it was shown that, with a score of 97.8% just on test dataset, strategic relapse beat those in term of order precision
Experimental Investigation on M25 & M30 Concrete with Construction & Demolition (C&D) Waste
Authors: Kumar Ankaj , Sood Dr. Hemant
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Many issues confront the world today, such as increasing urbanization, population explosion, climate change and resource degradation, pollution of water, air, and land, and construction and demolition waste generation around the world, to name a few. If we consider simply construction and demolition waste output, the world's population of 7.6 billion people generated around 3 billion tonnes of waste every year. China, India, and the United States, with a combined waste output of more than 2 billion tonnes, are the most significant contributors in this scenario (Ali Akhtar et al., 2018). In recent decades, waste creation has expanded exponentially over the world, with no indications of slowing down. As a result, natural resources are rapidly diminishing in many countries around the world, including India. This study emphasized on utilization of construction and demolition (C&D) waste to make fresh concrete. This research work founded on partial replacement of recycled concrete aggregate and waste marble dust replacing by 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% as coarse and fine aggregates, respectively. Slump tests were used to evaluate fresh concrete properties, whereas compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength tests were used to determine hardened concrete strength.
Penerapan Metode Research And Development Pada Proses Pengembangan Software Media Pembelajaran Practice Learning Questions Jenjang SMA
Authors: Iftitah Insiyatul - , Nuryasin Ilyas - , - Aminudin -
Published: July 2022

Belajar termasuk faktor yang mensugesti dan sangat berperan krusial pada pembentukan langsung individu. Melalui proses belajar terjadilah sebuah komunikasi, transfer pengetahuan dan nilai. Akan tetapi semenjak virus covid-19 menyerang dunia proses belajar menjadi terhambat. Dengan munculnya kasus tersebut, pemerintah Indonesia mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk melakukan kegiatan belajar secara online. Namun dengan adanya pembelajaran secara online ini sangat berdampak pada minat belajar siswa, yakni turunnya minat belajar para siswa dikarenakan kesulitan dalam memahami pelajaran dan mengerjakan soal-soal latihan. Selain itu koneksi internet menjadi masalah yang dihadapi murid ketika proses belajar daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan menciptakan software media pembelajaran yang mampu membantu mempermudah para murid dalam proses belajar khususnya ketika mengisi latihan soal pelajaran yang dibuat sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013. Metode yang dipakai pada pembuatan aplikasi ini adalah jenis Research and Development karena metode ini merupakan jenis metode penelitian yang paling banyak digunakan untuk menghasilkan software terkait dengan bahan latihan guru, materi maupun media belajar lainnya. Berdasarkan uji lapangan yang melibatkan 30 siswa dan 10 guru diperoleh hasil nilai Siswa sebesar 80,45 % dan oleh Guru sebesar 84,78 % dengan kriteria "sangat baik".
Implementasi Algoritma Jaro-Winkler Distance Fitur Autocorrect dan Spelling Suggestion Penulisan Proposal Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa(PKM)
Authors: Lutfi Aish Diaurrakman Lutfi Aish Diaurrakman
Published: July 2022

Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa (PKM) yang diluncurkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi pada tahun 2001 merupakan salah satu upaya untuk menumbuhkan, mewadahi, dan mewujudkan ide kreatif serta inovatif mahasiswa.Dalam penulisan proposal PKM mahasiswa harus memperhatikan penulisannya yang ada di buku panduan. Jika terjadi kesalahan format ataupun penulisan maka otomatis proposal tidak akan masuk pendanaan. Oleh kareana itu dibutuhkan sebuah system yang dapat mendeteksi dan memperbaiki kesalahan penulisansecara otomatis(autocorrect). Sistem autocorrect dapat mengganti kata yang dianggap salah oleh sistem secara otomatis tanpa memberi tahu pengguna sehingga pengguna seringkali tidak sadar tulisannya berubah, sedangkan kata penggantinya tidak selalu benar sesuai dengan yang dimaksud pengguna. Dengan fitur autocorrect dan spelling suggestion bahasa Indonesia diharapkan dapat membantu dalam mengidentifikasi kesalahan penulisan proposal PKM sebelum diupluod ke simbelmawa. Metode jaro winkler distance digaunakan untuk mengukur kesamaan jarak antara dua string. Dari pengujian yang dilakukan bahwa fitur autocorrect dan spell suggestion digunakan untuk kesalahan penulisan ejaan kata dengan proposal yang diujikan 4 dokumen terdapat jumlah penulisan salah 332 dari 8183 kata dengan waktu proses 7.8 detik dengan total presentasi akurasi dalam memberikan perbaikan kata typo sebesar 84%.
Klasifikasi Citra Histologi Kanker Payudara Menggunakan Metode Ensemble CNN
Authors: Aji mahesa Galang
Published: July 2022

Kanker payudara merupakan jenis penyakit serius dan menjadi penyebab kematian paling tinggi pada wanita. Kanker payudara dapat didiagnosis melalui citra tes medis, seperti citra radiologi dan hispatologi. Namun, karena citra histologi memiliki kompleksitas dan keberagaman, pemeriksaan secara manual memiliki kelemahan, yaitu, membutuhkan keahlian yang tinggi dan memakan waktu serta rawan kesalahan. Deep learning telah banyak diterapkan pada klasifikasi histologi termasuk kanker payudara, dengan automatisasi dapat membantu mengatasi kekurangan pada metode diagnosis manual. Pada penelitian ini, dikembangkan Deep learning menggunakan CNN dengan metode ensemble. Model MobileNet, MobileNetV2, dan VGG16 dilatih terhadap dataset dan dilakukan averaging terhadap hasil kombinasi model model tersebut. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan peningkatan pada ensemble dibandingkan tiap model dengan balanced accuracy 0.8689 dan F1-score 0.8682 pada kombinasi VGG16 + MobileNet, hasil tersebut memberikan peningkatan dibandingkan penelitian sebelumnya.
Panorama da implementação do Programa Mais Médicos até 2021 e comparação com o Programa Médicos pelo Brasil
Authors: Pinto Hêider , Oliveira Felipe Proenço de , Soares Ricardo
Published: July 2022

Este artigo faz um balanço do Programa Mais Médicos (PMM), considerando seus três eixos, no período de 2013 a 2021, analisando a influência de atores sociais coletivos na implementação e nos processos de (re)formulação no programa, bem como compara normativamente o PMM com o Programa Médicos pelo Brasil (PMPB). Trata-se de um estudo de caso, que usou recursos teóricos dos estudos de implementação de políticas, do neoinstitucionalismo histórico e da teoria da mudança institucional gradual para analisar documentos, bibliografia, dados secundários e entrevistas semiestruturadas com dirigentes das políticas nacionais de regulação, formação e provimento. Focando a análise na caracterização do processo de implementação, nas continuidades e mudanças institucionais e na distribuição de recursos, no contexto político e na posição e ação de atores coletivos relevantes, o artigo descreve e analisa a implementação do programa em cada um de seus três eixos – infraestrutura, formação e provimento – e mostra que ela pode ser dividida em quatro fases: implementação inicial acelerada, implementação sustentada, implementação parcialmente bloqueada e implementação residual. Sua maior contribuição é a compreensão do que mudou e os motivos pelos quais mudou, bem como a provocação da reflexão sobre a sustentabilidade de políticas que buscam enfrentar as insuficiências na oferta e na formação médica, mesmo contra a posição hegemônica das entidades médicas.
Debatable aspects of tax relations: the author's view
Authors:   The Far-Eastern Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, Osipova E. S.
Published: July 2022

TInterpretation of the tax as a «gratuitous payment» impoverishes (narrows) the role and place of tax relations in the economic system, causes a variety of negative processes at the stage of its formation and payment. This issue is one of the debatable in the field of tax relations and is important for the formation of an adequate perception of the tax system by business and the population. The source of all taxes is the value added. The latter contains factors that formally belong to a legal entity, but in fact are the merit of the labor collective. This is where the complexity of the unambiguous division of taxes between different categories of taxpayers arises. In the phase of final consumption of goods and services, the division of the tax burden between legal entities and individuals loses its meaning, because it completely falls on the well-being of the population. The essence of the value added tax is not obvious not only to the public, but also to practitioners. The explanation of profit in terms of «entrepreneurial ability» as a factor of production is far-fetched. Three classical factors: labor, land and capital fully explain the origin of profit. Also, the unique role of the businessman in the formation of profits is undeniable. A businessman (owner) and employees combine their efforts to conduct business more efficiently and improve the well-being of all participants in the production process. Progressive income tax embodies the principle of fair taxation and mitigates social inequality in the society. The introduction of an additional rate in Russia from 2021 is considered as the introduction of a progressive scale, but does this fully implement the principle of social justice? The author critically examines all these issues in the article, gives his interpretation and argumentation of processes and phenomena.