bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional Hydrodynamical Simulations of Mass Transfer in Binary Systems by a Free Wind
Authors: Liu Zheng-Wei , Stancliffe Richard J. , Abate Carlo , Matrozis Elvijs
Published: September 2017

A large fraction of stars in binary systems are expected to undergo mass and angular momentum exchange at some point in their evolution, which can drastically alter the chemical and dynamical properties and fates of the systems. Interaction by stellar wind is an important process in wide binaries. However, the details of wind mass transfer are still not well understood. We perform three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of wind mass transfer in binary systems to explore mass-accretion efficiencies and geometries of mass outflows, for a range of mass ratios from 0.05 to 1.0. In particular, we focus on the case of a free wind, in which some physical mechanism accelerates the expelled wind material balancing the gravity of the mass-losing star with the wind velocity comparable to the orbital velocity of the system. We find that the mass-accretion efficiency and accreted specific angular momentum increase with the mass ratio of the system. For an adiabatic wind, we obtain that the accretion efficiency onto the secondary star varies from about 0.1% to 8% for mass ratios between 0.05 and 1.0.
The Quadruple-lined, Doubly Eclipsing System V482 Persei
Authors: Torres Guillermo , Lacy Claud H. Sandberg , Fekel Francis C. , Wolf Marek , Muterspaugh Matthew W.
Published: September 2017

We report spectroscopic and differential photometric observations of the A-type system V482 Per, which reveal it to be a rare hierarchical quadruple system containing two eclipsing binaries. One binary has the previously known orbital period of 2.4 days and a circular orbit, and the other a period of 6 days, a slightly eccentric orbit (e = 0.11), and shallow eclipses only 2.3% deep. The two binaries revolve around their common center of mass in a highly elongated orbit (e = 0.85) with a period of 16.67 yr. Radial velocities are measured for all components from our quadruple-lined spectra and are combined with the light curves and measurements of times of minimum light for the 2.4 day binary to solve for the elements of the inner and outer orbits simultaneously. The line-of-sight inclination angles of the three orbits are similar, suggesting they may be close to coplanar. The available observations appear to indicate that the 6 day binary experiences significant retrograde apsidal motion in the amount of about 60 deg per century. We derive absolute masses for the four stars good to better than 1.5%, along with radii with formal errors of 1.1% and 3.5% for the 2.4 day binary and ∼9% for the 6 day binary. A comparison of these and other physical properties with current stellar evolution models gives excellent agreement for a metallicity ofand an age of 360 Myr.
L’effet des politiques climatiques sur les énergies renouvelables : une revue des études économétriques
Authors: Bourgeois Guillaume , Mathy Sandrine , Menanteau Philippe
Published: September 2017

La limitation du réchauffement climatique nécessite un déploiement rapide et important des énergies renouvelables (ENR). Des politiques de soutien visant l’innovation et la diffusion de ces technologies ont été mises en œuvre depuis plus de 20 ans. Il existe aujourd’hui un débat sur leur efficacité environnementale et économique, et sur le bon équilibre entre soutien à l’innovation et à la diffusion. Cet article éclaire les enjeux de ce débat en présentant les résultats de la littérature économétrique qui évalue l’effet de ces politiques et en comparant ces résultats avec les principaux enseignements des études non économétriques. Les résultats montrent que les politiques d’innovation et les politiques de diffusion ont un impact positif sur les ENR et confirment en cela les études non économétriques. Ils font toutefois apparaître des effets différenciés selon la nature des politiques (politiques prix versus politiques quantités) et la maturité des technologies. Codes JEL : O30, O31, Q42, Q48, Q55, Q56
Appropriation de technologies et développement durable : l’exemple de la viticulture de précision
Authors: Moreiro Leslie
Published: September 2017

L’article vise à comprendre comment l’appropriation de technologies peut permettre de développer des manières d’agir et de mobiliser des ressources utiles aux démarches environnementales d’une entreprise. Pour cela la technologie est définie à travers le concept d’instrument composé d’un schème et d’un artefact fournisseur de ressources. L’appropriation de la technologie est étudiée comme un processus d’instrumentalisation ou d’évolution de l’artefact et d’instrumentation ou d’évolution du schème. Les recherches s’appuient sur une méthodologie qualitative étudiant l’utilisation de nouvelles technologies de viticulture de précision. Plusieurs exemples sont comparés soulignant ainsi l’apport de l’appropriation dans le développement de nouvelles manières d’agir ainsi que la mobilisation de ressources technologiques utiles aux pratiques d’agriculture durable. L’analyse porte en particulier sur les deux grandes tâches pour lesquelles sont utilisées les technologies de viticulture de précision et qui présentent un intérêt en agriculture durable : la caractérisation de l’hétérogénéité d’une parcelle et la modulation des itinéraires techniques. Codes JEL : O3, Q1, Y8
Transport et logistique des circuits courts alimentaires de proximité : la diversité des trajectoires d’innovation
Authors: Vaillant Ludovic , Gonçalves Amélie , Raton Gwenaëlle , Blanquart Corinne
Published: September 2017

Convoqués dans la lutte contre le changement climatique, les circuits courts alimentaires de proximité (CCAP) sont à la recherche d’améliorations de leurs schémas logistiques. Les agriculteurs s’engagent en effet de plus en plus dans des processus d’innovation dont les vertus pour la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre soulèvent la controverse. Fondé sur l’hypothèse de la diversité des trajectoires d’innovation, cet article cherche à en préciser les formes et les processus d’émergence, pour s’interroger ensuite sur leur durabilité environnementale. Il ressort d’une investigation menée en Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais entre 2013 et 2015, que l’innovation en la matière comporte des dimensions organisationnelles et sociales primordiales propices à un développement durable. Ce résultat invite à suggérer aux pouvoirs publics d’accompagner le développement des CCAP en favorisant la mise en relation des acteurs et de développer des services intensifs en connaissances en faveur de la conception de leurs organisations logistiques. Codes JEL : O310, O330, O350, Q130
Les systèmes d’innovation de la quadruple et de la quintuple hélice
Authors: Carayannis Elias G. , Campbell David F. J.
Published: September 2017

Alors que pour le modèle de la triple hélice, l’existence d’une démocratie n’est pas (en soi) nécessaire pour la production de connaissance et pour l’innovation, la quadruple hélice est plus explicite à ce sujet. La manière dont celle-ci est pensée, conçue et imaginée montre clairement qu’il ne peut y avoir de système d’innovation basé sur la quadruple hélice sans démocratie ou un environnement démocratique. Les attributs et les éléments suivants définissent la quatrième hélice de la quadruple hélice : « des citoyens influencés par les médias et la culture », la « société civile » ainsi que « l’art, la recherche artistique et l’innovation basée sur l’art ». La quatrième hélice de la quadruple hélice représente la perspective d’une « dimension démocratique » ou « d’un contexte démocratique » pour le savoir, la production du savoir et l’innovation. La quintuple hélice élargit le concept de la quadruple hélice en y ajoutant les aspects liés à « l’environnement naturel de la société et de l’économie », à « l’écologie sociale » et la « transition socio-écologique ». Les questions environnementales peuvent être mieux abordées et traitées dans une démocratie que dans un système politique autoritaire. Codes JEL : D80, O30, Q56
Engagement des managers intermédiaires dans une approche cognitive de la gouvernance
Authors: Aït Razouk Abdelwahab , Quemener Yann
Published: September 2017

Les derniers développements du champ de la gouvernance mettent l’accent sur l’engagement des managers intermédiaires (MI) comme source de performance. Pourtant, peu de travaux interrogent les modalités de gouvernance permettant d’obtenir cet engagement. Pour cela, nous adoptons dans ce papier l’approche cognitive de la gouvernance pour répondre à cet enjeu. Différents leviers de gouvernance appelés pratiques mobilisatrices sont testés à travers l’enquête REPONSE 2010-2011. Les résultats de notre étude empirique montrent que les pratiques incitatives (intéressement et participation) ainsi que les pratiques de partage de l’information et de prise de décisions exercent un impact positif sur l’engagement des MI dans une perspective cognitive de la gouvernance.
Coopération en information incomplète : quelques modèles stratégiques
Authors: Forges Françoise
Published: September 2017

Partant d’un jeu bayésien qui rend compte de l’interaction des agents en l’absence de tout accord de coopération, nous passons en revue quelques scénarios qui permettent aux joueurs de contraindre leurs décisions par des engagements. Nous comparons les effets de ces différents scénarios et suggérons quelques liens avec la théorie des contrats.
De nouveaux éclairages sur le théorème de Coase et la vacuité du cœur
Authors: Gonzalez Stéphane , Marciano Alain
Published: September 2017

Cet article contribue à la littérature sur les conditions de validité du « théorème » de Coase. En modélisant sous la forme d’un jeu coopératif des situations de négociations entre un pollueur et deux pollués, nous affinons les conditions sous lesquelles le cœur associé est non vide. Premièrement, nous montrons que la (non) vacuité du cœur dépend des règles de responsabilités et de la répartition des droits. Deuxièmement, nous montrons que lorsque l’externalité est non-transférable, le coeur est non vide si le pollueur est non responsable mais que le cœur est toujours non vide lorsque le pollueur est responsable et ne peut polluer qu’après avoir obtenu l’accord unanime de ses victimes. Nous construisons des contre-exemples à la non-vacuité du coeur dans toutes les autres situations. Enfin, nous montrons que si l’externalité est non-transférable, alors un individu qui ne participe pas à une négociation peut malgré tout en influencer le résultat.
Subjectivité et effectivité dans la Préface de la Phénoménologie de l’esprit
Authors: Gérard Gilbert
Published: September 2017

Le propos de cet article est d’examiner le rapport étroit que la Préface de la Phénoménologie de l’esprit établit entre la thèse centrale de l’absolu-sujet et le concept d’effectivité (Wirklichkeit), nouvellement acquis par Hegel suite à sa lecture approfondie d’Aristote dans le cadre de son premier cours d’histoire de la philosophie à Iéna. Il s’emploie à dégager les différents niveaux d’approfondissement de l’effectivité qui se présentent dans le texte concerné, désignant tour à tour le contenu déterminé substantiel de la chose formé par son concept, le mouvement réflexif en quoi consiste celui-ci, enfin l’acte de négation de soi qui structure ce mouvement et dans lequel la chose s’atteste comme son propre sujet. L’article se termine par la mise en évidence du rôle fédérateur joué par le concept d’effectivité par rapport au système de la science considéré dans son intégralité.
L’opposition entre réalisme et idéalisme ?
Authors: Thomas-Fogiel Isabelle
Published: September 2017

Dans la philosophie la plus contemporaine, essentiellement dominée par la revendication de « réalisme », « l’idéaliste » apparaît, en de multiples occurrences, comme celui qui, niant la réalité du monde extérieur, se confondrait, dès lors, avec un subjectivisme débridé, qui immanquablement déboucherait sur un relativisme généralisé. Or, aucun philosophe idéaliste n’a jamais soutenu ce type de position. Ce qui ne laisse pas d’étonner. Comment une doctrine, que nul n’a jamais soutenue dans l’histoire de la philosophie, peut-elle faire l’objet d’une telle unanimité dénonciatrice (des Encyclopédistes à certains types de marxisme, de la « Réfutation de l’idéalisme » par Moore au réalisme le plus contemporain) ? À quelles conditions cette figure de l’idéaliste en négateur de monde extérieur a-t‑elle pu naître (bien avant que Kant ne revendique le terme), et sur quel terreau philosophique a-t‑elle pu prospérer ? C’est l’origine de cette ombre portée sur la signification de l’idéalisme, ainsi que sur sa prétendue opposition à son supposé contraire absolu (le réalisme), que je voudrais prendre ici comme objet d’analyse. Suivre l’évolution sémantique du terme « idéalisme », de sa naissance en 1702 aux années 1780 (genèse), me permettra de revenir aux actes conceptuels (structure) qui ont présidé à la création de ce cliché, que l’on pourra, au terme de ces analyses, considérer pour ce qu’il est, à savoir l’un des contresens les plus spectaculaires, mais aussi les plus intéressants, de l’histoire de la philosophie.
Quel statut accorder aux faits de « détachement » dans un modèle syntaxique à deux composantes ?
Authors: Sabio Fréderic
Published: September 2017

Dans cet article, nous proposons de nous interroger sur ce qu’il convient de retenir comme des faits de détachement lorsqu’on s’inscrit dans un modèle syntaxique à deux composantes, fondé sur la distinction entre le plan de la microsyntaxe et celui de la macrosyntaxe. Après avoir rappelé dans les grandes lignes les fondements de cette opposition, nous montrerons que, de notre point de vue, la notion de détachement paraît pouvoir s’appliquer avec une certaine rigueur au domaine de la rection verbale, en permettant de préciser la façon dont un verbe et l’un de ses éléments régis peuvent être réalisés de manière non liée, par l’emploi d’un ordre des mots, d’une prosodie, d’une ponctuation ou de certains morphèmes à effet disjonctif. En revanche il ne paraît pas souhaitable de généraliser le recours à l’analyse par détachement à l’ensemble des configurations d’énoncés qui engagent des relations non rectionnelles. Dans cette perspective, nous défendrons l’idée qu’une conception restreinte du concept de détachement serait utile afin de le rendre plus opératoire.
Projection et rétrojection
Authors: Corminboeuf Gilles
Published: September 2017

Notre article porte sur des phénomènes de cohérence au sein d’enchaînements de constructions verbales, du type de l’extrait suivant : les Suisses allemands tu leur demandes s’ils veulent payer plus + ils payent + tu leur demandes s’ils veulent bosser plus ils disent oui (oral, Pfc  ; exemple légèrement simplifié). Nous définissons le concept de projection et nous montrons que cette relation constitue une propriété de ces enchaînements où la relation de discours demeure implicite. Ainsi dans l’extrait cité, l’énonciation tu leur demandes s’ils veulent payer plus est grammaticalement autonome, mais elle projette l’apparition d’une suite – notamment parce qu’elle n’est pas validable dans la situation de parole ; elle joue à ce titre un rôle de cadrage temporel-hypothétique pour une énonciation ultérieure. Nous montrons ensuite que ces enchaînements présentent communément, en plus de cette relation de projection, une relation de rétrojection (typiquement établie par les expressions anaphoriques), instituant par là une forme de corrélation pragmatique. En l’absence de connecteur entre deux constructions verbales, les relations symétriques de projection et de rétrojection fonctionnent comme des principes organisationnels, produisant un effet de cohérence discursive.
Galacto-oligosaccharides ameliorate dysbiotic Bifidobacteriaceae decline in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gonai M. , Shigehisa A. , Kigawa I. , Kurasaki K. , Chonan O. , Matsuki T. , Yoshida Y. , Aida M. , Hamano K. , Terauchi Y.
Published: September 2017

Gut microbiota affects the host’s metabolism, and it is suggested that there are differences in gut microbiota composition between patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals. Additionally, dysbiosis may increase the concentration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), causing metabolic endotoxemia, which induces impaired glucose tolerance. Several studies have reported relationships between metabolic diseases and the gut microbiota; and prebiotics, such as oligosaccharides, are commonly consumed to regulate gut microbiotas in healthy individuals. Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are a major prebiotic, which specifically increase Bifidobacteriaceae abundance. Recent studies have reported that Bifidobacteriaceae improved metabolic endotoxemia or impaired glucose tolerance. However, there are few studies reporting the effects of GOS on patients with type 2 diabetes. In the current study, we compared clinical parameters, faecal gut microbiota, their associated metabolic products and their components such as LPS, and LPS-binding protein (LBP) produced by the host, between patients with diabetes and healthy controls. We then assessed the effects of GOS on glycaemic control, and gut microbiotas and metabolites in patients with type 2 diabetes in a double-blind controlled manner. LBP levels were significantly higher in patients with diabetes than those of healthy subjects, which was consistent with previous reports. The abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and the diversity of intestinal microbiota were significantly lower in patients with diabetes than in healthy subjects. Interestingly, Bifidobacteriaceae was markedly restored in patients with diabetes after consumption of GOS, whereas LBP and glucose tolerance did not improve during this short-term trial period. In the present study, we demonstrated that GOS can ameliorate dysbiosis in patients with diabetes, and continuous intake of GOS may be a promising method for managing type 2 diabetes.
Valorisation of organic waste material: growth performance of wild black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) reared on different organic wastes
Authors: Nyakeri E.M. , Ogola H.J.O. , Ayieko M.A. , Amimo F.A.
Published: September 2017

Insects such as the black soldier fly (BSF;Hermetia illucens) are currently being promoted as an alternative protein source for animals and organic waste management agents. To play the dual roles sustainably, there is need to reduce reliance on wild BSF and develop an appropriate farming methodology for the insect. This study aimed at improving larvae production in a black soldier fly colony previously established from the wild in Kenya. The study explored the effect of four locally available organic wastes as feedstocks for production the black soldier fly larvae. Separate feeding trials on faecal sludge (FS), banana peelings (BP), brewer’s waste (BW) and restaurant food waste (FR) was done and their effect on BSF larvae growth rate, larvae weight, total prepupal yield in grams, crude protein and lipid (ether extract) content analysed. The efficiency of the BSF larvae to consume and therefore reduce the waste load of the different substrates was also evaluated. Results showed that BSF larvae fed on FR had significantly higher (P<0.05) total mean yield and average individual weight of 196.9±4.0 g and 0.101±0.002 g, respectively, followed by BW (154.8±6.5 g, 0.078±0.02 g), FS (138.7±5.0 g, 0.070±0.001 g) and with BP the lowest (108.9±5.6 g, 0.055±0.002 g). The harvested BSF larvae crude protein was significantly higher for FS and BW at 45.4±0.1% and 43.0±1.0%, respectively. However, ether extract content was variable and dependent on feedstock used with lower values reported for FS and BW (18.1±0.3% and 27.2%, respectively), and highest for food remains prepupa (36%). Dry matter reduction ranged between 50.3-81.8% with corresponding bioconversion and feed conversion rates ranging from 14.9-20.8% and 2.6-4.5, respectively, was achieved for the substrates used. These results indicated the potential of utilising BSF composting in valorisation of the local organic wastes for their bioremediation from the environment. Due to their availability in large quantities and their low cost, these organic wastes can form important feedstock resources for the sustainable production of BSF larvae as a future alternative protein source for both animal feeds at farm level and industrial scale. In conclusion, embracing nutrient recycling through BSF technology by resource-constrained farmers in Kenya will contribute to food security through supply of proteins for production of poultry and fish.
Ergot and ergot alkaloids in French cereals: occurrence, pattern and agronomic practices for managing the risk
Authors: Orlando B. , Maumené C. , Piraux F.
Published: September 2017

Ergot is a disease of cereals and grasses caused by the ascomycete fungusClaviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul. This fungus infects young, usually unfertilised ovaries, replacing the seeds with dark mycelial masses known as sclerotia. The amount of sclerotia in marketable grain is strictly regulated in many countries. We found that ergot and its alkaloids were common in French farm fields during the 2012, 2013 and 2014 harvests. Before cleaning, ergot was present in harvest samples from 23 to 30% of wheat fields, 15 to 30% of durum wheat fields, 27 to 39% of barley fields, 45 to 66% of triticale fields, 12 to 29% of oat fields and 67 to 81% of rye fields. Triticale and rye were thus the cereals most prone to infection. The proportion of total ergot alkaloid in sclerotia varied, but the relationship between ergot sclerotium content and total ergot alkaloid concentration in the grain was strongly positive and independent of harvest year and cereal species. Ergot sclerotia content explained 75% of the variance for alkaloid content. We found that the main alkaloid and corresponding epimer, per gram of sclerotia, were ergotamine (29.2% of total ergot alkaloids), followed by ergosine (26.3%), ergocristine (18.5%), ergometrine (9.8%), ergocryptine (8.2%) and ergocornine (7.9%). The -ine isomers accounted for 70.5%, with the -inine isomers accounting for the remaining 29.5%. The mean total alkaloid content ofC. purpurea sclerotia was 3,103 µg/g. This survey identified and ranked agronomic practices for limiting the risk of ergot contamination in crops. Host plant, previous crop, grassweed presence and tillage system all had a significant influence on alkaloid content. We identified and ranked agronomic practices for limiting and managing the risks of ergot and ergot alkaloids in the field. However, the main factor driving ergot infection is weather conditions.
From Ballpark to Courtroom: How Baseball Explains Risk Assessment
Authors: Marett Christopher P. , Mossman Douglas
Published: September 2017

Just as baseball provides fans with endless topics for discussion and debate, risk assessment provides mental health professionals with limitless questions about what factors really matter and how to sort through them. This article uses our national pastime to illustrate types of risk assessment and to explain how risk assessment tools apply statistical concepts. We also discuss how mental health professionals can communicate risk judgments in court and respond to challenges about admissibility of their testimony.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2017;47(9):443–448.]
Possible Antidotes for Suicide Risk: What Should We Tell Our Patients?
Authors: Bordelon Sean , Dinwiddie Stephen H.
Published: September 2017

Suicidal behaviors and communications are obvious concerns for psychiatrists. Whereas the infrequency of completed suicide makes it hard to study and the alternative construct of “suicidality” is not uniformly defined across studies, associations can be found between treatments in the psychiatrist's toolbox and possible suicide-protective effects. This review identifies several candidate treatments—psychotherapy, antidepressants, lithium, anticonvulsant agents, electroconvulsive therapy, and clozapine—and weighs their potential suicide-protective effects against their known risks.

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Psychiatr Ann
. 2017;47(9):466–470.]
Effects of processing techniques on oxidative stability of Prunus pedunculatus seed oil
Authors: Yan J. , Guo M. M. , Shen Y. H. , Wang Y. Y. , Luan X. , Li C.
Published: September 2017

This paper investigated the effects of Prunus pedunculatus (P. pedunculatus) seed pre-treatment, including microwaving (M), roasting (R), steaming (S) and roasting plus steaming (RS) on crude oil quality in terms of yield, color change, fatty acid composition, and oxidative stability. The results showed an increase in monounsaturated fatty acid content and oxidative stability of the oils obtained from different processing treatments compared to the oil obtained from raw seeds (RW) without processing. The oils, obtained from pretreated seeds, had higher conjugated diene (CD) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (2-TBA) values, compared to that obtained from RW when stored in a Schaal oven at 65 °C for 168 h. However, polyphenol and tocopherol contents decreased in all oil samples, processed or unprocessed. The effect of pre-treating the seeds was more prominent in the oil sample obtained through the RS technique, and showed higher oxidative stability than the other processed oils and the oil from RW.
Fatty acids profile and nutritional composition of two tropical diatoms from the Costa Rican Pacific Coast
Authors: Rodríguez-Núñez K. , Toledo-Agüero P.
Published: September 2017

Microalgae represent an important nutritional source for diverse organisms, therefore, their nutritional value, and more specifically, total lipid and fatty acid contents, must be considered. This study evaluated the nutritional contents and potential growth under controlled conditions of Nitzschia sp. and Chaetoceros sp. Tropical microalgae, isolated from the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica. In both strains, the nutritional composition and the fatty acid profile were evaluated in exponential and stationary phases. With regards to fatty acids, v sp. had more Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) in both the exponential (32.80%) and stationary (27.20%) phases. The results in growth rate, production and biochemical composition indicated two tropical microalgae strains suitable for cultivation under controlled conditions. The studies of the phytoplankton in this geographical area is highly relevant because of its importance in the primary production of nutrients and the importance of finding sources of fatty acids such as the EPA.
El uso de las licencias libres en los datos públicos abiertos
Authors: Ramos-Simón Luis Fernando
Published: September 2017

Los datos masivos o big data recopilados a través de distintas herramientas tecnológicas o extraídos de grandes colecciones de información en distintos formatos son capaces de generar nuevo conocimiento en los sectores más diversos, pero, a la vez, plantean problemas tanto de titularidad como de su uso posterior. El estudio analiza el concepto de análisis de datos, los distintos tipos de datos y su posible regulación, presentando un panorama sobre cómo en los últimos años los países más avanzados en apertura de datos han comenzado a aplicar unos esquemas de licencias abiertas que remueven los obstáculos legales para incorporar estos tipos de datos a la creación de nuevo conocimiento. La investigación realizada muestra cómo distintos gobiernos y otras corporaciones y organismos internacionales productores de datos públicos han encontrado en estas licencias —en particular, las modalidades PPDL y CC0 en las que se renuncia a todos los derechos sobre las bases de datos— un mecanismo adecuado para favorecer el uso y reutilización de estos grandes volúmenes de datos.
Mass Transport in Nanoalloys Studied by Atomistic Models
Authors: Ferrando Riccardo
Published: September 2017

The diffusion of atoms in nanoparticles can be studied computationally by Molecular Dynamics simulations, a simulation method which allow to follow the actual trajectories of the diffusing atoms. Here we focus on the simulation of diffusion in metallic nanoparticles, first considering the case of single impurity atoms in matrix clusters, and then on the simulation of the growth in gas phase. We show that diffusion of atoms in nanoparticles can take place by a variety of different mechanisms, which very often involve collective displacements. These collective displacements are facilitated in the vicinity of the cluster surface, which, in small nanoparticles, includes a large portion of the nanoparticle itself.
Molecular Dynamics Prediction of the Influence of Composition on Thermotransport in Ni-Al Melts
Authors: Ahmed Tanvir , Levchenko Elena V. , Evteev Alexander V. , Liu Zi Kui , Wang William Yi , Abdank-Kozubski Rafał Leszek , Belova Irina V. , Murch Graeme E.
Published: September 2017

The influence of composition on thermotransport (coupling between mass and heat transport) in Ni-Al melts is investigated by making use of equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with the Green-Kubo formalism. To describe interatomic interactions in Ni-Al melt models, we employ the embedded-atom method potential developed in [G.P. Purja Pun, Y. Mishin, Phil. Mag., 2009, 89, 3245]. It is demonstrated that the employed interatomic potential gives good agreement with the recent experimental study [E. Sondermann, F. Kargl, A. Meyer, Presented at the 12th International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids (DSL-2016), 26-30 June 2016, Split, Croatia] regarding the direction of thermotransport in Al-rich liquid Ni-Al alloys. Moreover, the predicted values of the reduced heat of transport (the quantity which explicitly characterizes both the magnitude and direction of thermotransport) in Ni-Al melts, reveal fairly weak composition dependence while being practically independent of temperature at all. Accordingly, in the presence of a temperature gradient, our simulation results for the models of liquid Ni25Al75, Ni50Al50 and Ni75Al25 alloys predict consistently Ni and Al to migrate to the cold and hot ends, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest value, about eV, of the reduced heat of transport is observed for Ni50Al50 alloy model and it slightly decreases towards Al-rich and Ni-rich compositions.
Roles of Hospital and Territorial Pharmacists within the Italian National Healthcare Service
Authors: Polidori Piera , Cifani Carlo , Polidori Carlo
Published: September 2017

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Should Patients Continue to Receive Statins Once They Reach 80 Years of Age? The “Con” Side: Correction
Authors: Of Hospital Pharmacy The Canadian Journal
Published: September 2017

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Mass Azithromycin and Malaria Parasitemia in Niger: Results from a Community-Randomized Trial
Authors: O'Brien Kieran S. , Cotter Sun Y. , Amza Abdou , Kadri Boubacar , Nassirou Baido , Stoller Nicole E. , Zhou Zhaoxia , Cotter Chris , West Sheila K. , Bailey Robin L. , Rosenthal Philip J. , Gaynor Bruce D. , Porco Travis C. , Lietman Thomas M.
Published: September 2017

Studies designed to determine the effects of mass administration of azithromycin on trachoma have suggested that mass azithromycin distributions may also reduce the prevalence of malaria. These studies have typically examined the impact of a small number of treatments over short durations. In this prespecified substudy of a cluster-randomized trial for trachoma, we compared malaria parasitemia prevalence in 24 communities in Niger randomized to receive either annual or biannual mass azithromycin distributions over 3 years. The 12 communities randomized to annual azithromycin received three treatments during the high-transmission season, and the 12 communities randomized to biannual azithromycin received a total of six treatments: three during the high-transmission season and three during the low-transmission season. Blood samples were taken to assess malariometric indices among children in all study communities at a single time point during the high-transmission season after 3 years of the intervention. No significant differences were identified in malaria parasitemia, parasite density, or hemoglobin concentration between the annual and biannual treatment arms. When compared with annual mass azithromycin alone, additional mass azithromycin distributions given during the low-transmission season did not significantly reduce the subsequent prevalence of malaria parasitemia or parasite density after 3 years, as measured during the high-transmission season.
Rapid Active Sampling Surveys as a Tool to Evaluate Factors Associated with Acute Gastroenteritis and Norovirus Infection among Children in Rural Guatemala
Authors: Olson Daniel , Lamb Molly M. , Lopez Maria R. , Paniagua-Avila Maria A. , Zacarias Alma , Samayoa-Reyes Gabriela , Cordon-Rosales Celia , Asturias Edwin J.
Published: September 2017

We examined burden and factors associated with norovirus (NoV) acute gastroenteritis (AGE) among children in rural Guatemala. Children age 6 weeks to 17 years were enrolled into three AGE surveillance groups, using two-stage cluster sampling: a prospective participatory syndromic surveillance (PSS) cohort and two cross-sectional rapid active sampling (RAS) surveys, conducted from April 2015 to February 2016. Epidemiologic and NoV testing data were used to identify factors associated with NoV infection, AGE, and NoV+ AGE. The three cross-sectional surveys (PSS enrollment visit, RAS Survey 1, and RAS Survey 2) enrolled 1,239 children, who reported 134 (11%) AGE cases, with 20% of AGE and 11% of non-AGE samples positive for NoV. Adjusted analyses identified several modifiable factors associated with AGE and NoV infection. The cross-sectional RAS surveys were practical and cost-effective in identifying population-level risk factors for AGE and NoV, supporting their use as a tool to direct limited public health resources toward high-risk populations.
Population Movement as a Risk Factor for Malaria Infection in High-Altitude Villages of Tahtay–Maychew District, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Haile Mebrahtom , Lemma Hailemariam , Weldu Yemane
Published: September 2017

Key goal and targets of the Ethiopia National Malaria Control Program are to achieve malaria elimination within specific geographical areas with historically low malaria transmission and to reach near-zero malaria transmission in the remaining malarious areas by 2020. However, back and forth population movement between high-transmission and low-transmission area imposes challenge on the success of national malaria control programs. Therefore, examining the effect of human movement and identification of at-risk populations is crucial in an elimination setting. A matched case–control study was conducted among 520 study participants at a community level in low malaria transmission settings in northern Ethiopia. Study participants who received a malaria test were interviewed regarding their recent travel history. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to determine if the reported travel was related to malaria infection. Younger age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.73, 5.89) and travel in the previous month (AOR = 11.40, 95% CI: 6.91, 18.82) were statistically significant risk factors for malaria infection. Other statistically significant factors, including lower educational level (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.86) and nonagricultural in occupation (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.94), were also found as risk factors for malaria infection. Generally, travel history was found to be a strong predictor for malaria acquisition in the high-altitude villages. Therefore, besides the existing efforts in endemic areas, targeting those who frequently travel to malarious areas is crucial to reduce malaria infection risks and possibility of local transmissions in high-altitude areas of northern Ethiopia.
Tagged tracer simulations of black carbon in the Arctic: transport, source contributions, and budget
Authors: Ikeda Kohei , Tanimoto Hiroshi , Sugita Takafumi , Akiyoshi Hideharu , Kanaya Yugo , Zhu Chunmao , Taketani Fumikazu
Published: September 2017

Abstract. We implemented a tagged tracer method of black carbon (BC) into a global chemistry transport model, GEOS-Chem, examined the pathways and efficiency of long-range transport from a variety of anthropogenic and biomass burning emission sources to the Arctic, and quantified the source contributions of individual emissions. Firstly, we evaluated the simulated BC by comparing it with observations at the Arctic sites and examined the sensitivity of an aging parameterization and wet scavenging rate by ice clouds. For tagging BC, we added BC tracers distinguished by source types (anthropogenic and biomass burning) and regions; the global domain was divided into 16 and 27 regions for anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions, respectively. Our simulations showed that BC emitted from Europe and Russia was transported to the Arctic mainly in the lower troposphere during winter and spring. In particular, BC transported from Russia was widely spread over the Arctic in winter and spring, leading to a dominant contribution of 62 % to the Arctic BC near the surface as the annual mean. In contrast, BC emitted from East Asia was found to be transported in the middle troposphere into the Arctic mainly over the Sea of Okhotsk and eastern Siberia during winter and spring. We identified an important window area, which allowed a strong incoming of East Asian BC to the Arctic (130–180° E and 3–8 km of altitude at 66° N). The model demonstrated that the contribution from East Asia to the Arctic had a maximum at about 5 km of altitude due to uplifting during long-range transport in early spring. The efficiency of BC transport from East Asia to the Arctic was lower than that from other large source regions such as Europe, Russia, and North America. However, the East Asian contribution was the most important for BC in the middle troposphere (41 %) and the BC burden over the Arctic (27 %) because of the large emissions from this region. These results suggested that the main sources of Arctic BC differed with altitude. The contribution of all the anthropogenic sources to Arctic BC concentrations near the surface was dominant (90 %) on an annual basis. The contributions of biomass burning in boreal regions (Siberia, Alaska, and Canada) to the annual total BC deposition onto the Arctic were estimated to be 12–15 %, which became the maximum during summer.
High resolution humidity profiles retrieved from wind profiler radar measurements
Authors: Saïd Frédérique , Campistron Bernard , Di Girolamo Paolo
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Vertical profiles of the atmospheric water vapor mixing ratio are retrieved with an algorithm based on the combination of measurements from an Ultra High Frequency-band wind profiler and radiosoundings at a coarser time resolution. The major advance with respect to previous works is the use of the radar capacity to detect transition levels, such as the top level of the boundary layer, marked by a maximum in the radar reflectivity. This forces the water vapor mixing ratio profile from the free troposphere and from the boundary layer to coincide at this level, after an optimization of the calibration coefficients. The capability of the algorithm to retrieve the humidity vertical profiles for an operational purpose is explored and the results are compared with observations from a Raman lidar.
Supraglacial debris cover assessment in the Caucasus
Mountains, 1986-2000-2014
Authors: Tielidze Levan G. , Wheate Roger D. , Kutuzov Stanislav S. , Doyle Kate , Lavrentiev Ivan I.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Surpaglacial debris cover plays an increasingly important role impacting on glacier ablation, while there have been limited recent studies for the assessment of debris covered glaciers in the Greater Caucasus mountains. We selected 559 glaciers according to the sections and macroslopes in the Greater Caucasus main watershed range and the Elbrus massif to assess supraglacial debris cover (SDC) for the years 1986, 2000 and 2014. Landsat (Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, Landsat 8 OLI) and SPOT satellite imagery were analysed to generate glacier outlines using manual and semi-automated methods, along with slope information from a Digital Elevation Model. The study shows there is greater SDC area on the northern than the southern macroslope, and more in the eastern section than the western and central. In 1986-2000-2014, the SDC area increased from 6.4 %-8.2 %-19.4 % on the northern macroslope (apart from the eastern Greater Caucasus section), while on the southern macroslope, SDC increased from 4.0 %-4.9 %-9.2 %. Overall, debris covered glacier numbers increased from 122-143-172 (1986-2000-2014) for 559 selected glaciers. Despite the total glacier area decrease, the SDC glacier area and numbers increased as a function of slope inclination, aspect, glacier morphological type, Little Ice Age (LIA) moraines, rock structure and elevation. The datasets are available for public download at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.880147.
Producción científica sobre televisión indexada en la Web of Science en la categoría « Film, Radio & Television » : 2000-2016
Authors: Gómez-Crisóstomo Rocío
Published: September 2017

Este estudio analiza los trabajos presentes en la Web of Science publicados entre los años 2000 y 2016, ambos inclusive, que traten sobre televisión, y que estén incluidas en fuentes contempladas bajo la categoría WoS denominada Film, Radio, Television. Se localizan un total de 2.373 publicaciones, que son analizadas para extraer datos tales como número anual de documentos, países de producción, categorías temáticas relacionadas con la categoría objeto de estudio, principales fuentes de difusión de los trabajos, idiomas y tipologías documentales preferidas por los autores, así como la visibilidad de los trabajos basada en el promedio de citas por documento.
A short note on hyper Zagreb index
Authors: Elumalai Suresh , Mansour Toufik , Rostami Mohammad Ali , Xavier Gnanadhass Britto Antony
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we present and analyze the upper and lower bounds on the Hyper Zagreb index $\chi^2(G)$ of graph $G$ in terms of the number of vertices $(n)$, number of edges $(m)$, maximum degree $(\Delta)$, minimum degree $(\delta)$ and the inverse degree $(ID(G))$. In addition, we give a counter example on the upper bound  of the second Zagreb index for Theorems 2.2 and  2.4 from \cite{ranjini}. Finally, we present lower and upper bounds on $\chi^2(G)+\chi^2(\overline G)$, where $\overline G$ denotes the complement of $G$.
The Ces$\grave{a}$ro convergence of triple sequence spaces of $\chi^{3}$ of fuzzy real numbers defined by a sequence of Musielak-Orlicz functions
Authors: Subramanian Nagarajan
Published: September 2017

We have to find the necessary and sufficient Tauberian conditions of convergence follows form $\left[C,1,1,1\right]-$ convergence of triple sequence spaces of $\chi^{3}$ of fuzzy numbers.
Lower bounds of forwarding indices of graph products
Authors: Boutiche Mohamed Amine
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we give lower bounds of vertex and edge forwarding indices for cartesian product, join, composition, disjunction and symmetric difference of graphs. Moreover, we derive further lower bounds for several operators on connected graphs, such as subdivision graph and total graphs.
A new approach to the study of fixed point theory for simulation functions in G-Metric spaces
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Sharma Rushmi
Published: September 2017

In this paper first of all, we introduce the mapping  : [0;1) X [0;1)   R,called the simulation function and the notion of Z-contraction with respect to which generalize several known types of contractions. Secondly, we prove certain xed point theorems using simulation functions in G-Metric spaces. An example is also given to support our result.
The outcome of transscleral cyclophotocoagulation for the management of acute angle closure
Authors: Chiam Patrick J. , Sung Velota C.T.
Published: September 2017

Purpose:

To investigate the outcome of transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TCP) in the treatment of acute angle closure (AAC) refractory to medical treatment.

Methods:

This is a retrospective interventional case series. The inclusion criteria include patients diagnosed with AAC who had TCP. Pre-TCP and post-TCP intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity, and AAC treatment were analyzed. The complications and the results of subsequent treatments including lens extraction if performed were also assessed.

Results:

Thirteen eyes (13 patients) met the study criteria. The median time to TCP from presentation was 5 days (range 3-30 days). The mean presenting IOP was 56 ± 6 mm Hg (range 48-70 mm Hg) and the medically treated mean IOP before TCP was 40 ± 5 mm Hg (range 34-52 mm Hg). All patients (100%) responded to TCP. The mean post-TCP IOP at day 1 and months 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 were 19, 23, 19, 19, 18, and 17 mm Hg. There was 1 case of hyphema post-TCP. Lens extraction ± goniosynechialysis was performed in 10 patients (77%) from 1 month post-TCP onwards. The mean IOP prior to lens extraction was 26 mm Hg (range 19-32 mm Hg). The mean IOP 3 months after lens extraction was 15 mm Hg (range 8-19 mm Hg). The mean number of topical IOP-lowering medications 12 months post-TCP was 1.1.

Conclusions:

Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation is effective and safe in reducing IOP in patients with AAC refractory to medical and laser peripheral iridotomy treatments. We advocate that TCP should be considered early in the management of AAC refractory to medical treatment to avoid irreversible optic neuropathy.
The practice pattern of anticoagulation prophylaxis for patients undergoing total hip replacement in a major orthopaedic centre; a retrospective review
Authors: Hamza Sura H. , Reynolds Paul
Published: September 2017

Methods:

In a major centre for orthopaedic surgery, we retrospectively analysed 1,469 patients who underwent elective hip replacement since 2010. All patients but 2 received anticoagulation postoperatively and rivaroxaban was the preferred choice for anticoagulation.

Results:

The incidence of all adverse events in those who received rivaroxaban was 1.7%. Only 0.3% had a minor upper gastrointestinal bleed and 1.3% developed a minor wound bleeding or haematoma. The occurrence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) was 0.2% of all patients.

Conclusions:

In this analysis, the incidence of adverse events was lower than the previously 4 published national figures.
O contrato para disposição da imagem na perspectiva dos direitos da personalidade | The personal image disposal contract in the perspective of civil rights
Authors: Glitz Frederico , Bortolan Toazza Gabriele
Published: September 2017

Resumo: O presente trabalho demonstra a importância da realização do contrato para disposição da imagem, com base na perspectiva dos direitos da personalidade. Parte-se do estudo da proteção do direito à imagem como integrante dos direitos da personalidade. Em seguida, apresenta-se a relevância econômica da imagem, destacando como acontece seu aproveitamento econômico. Por fim, avalia-se a necessidade do consentimento para a utilização econômica da imagem, seus limites e os principais pontos que deveriam ser objeto de disposição contratual.
Palavras-chave: Direito à imagem; Direitos da personalidade; Contrato de imagem; Consentimento.

Abstract: The present work demonstrates the importance of the contract for personal image disposal in the perspective of personality rights. Initially, this article analyses the protection of the personal image as part of personality rights. Secondly, this article highlights the importance that the personal image has to the market, and the way it is object of economic exploitation. Finally, the work evaluates the necessity of consent for the economic utilization of the personal image, it´s limits and the main points that should be the object of contractual disposition.
keywords: Personal image rights; Civil rights; Contract for image disposal; Consent.