bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Procedural Replacement of Constitutional Court Justices: A Threat to Democracy and Judicial Independence
Authors: Sumodiningrat Aprilian , Nabila Aulia Rahma
Published: December 2024

The dismissal of Constitutional Court Justice Aswanto and the appointment of Guntur Hamzah as his replacement by the DPR, ratified by the President, have sparked public outcry over alleged violations of the Constitutional Court’s (MK) independence. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of democratic regression and the erosion of MK’s independence resulting from the replacement of Constitutional Court Justices in violation of the Constitutional Court Law. The study addresses two main research questions: First, how does the non-procedural replacement of Constitutional Court Justices contribute to democratic regression? Second, what are the implications of such non-procedural actions by the DPR on the independence of the Constitutional Court? This research employs a doctrinal legal method, analyzing relevant regulations and literature. The findings reveal that, first, the non-procedural replacement of Constitutional Court Justices constitutes a symptom of constitutional backsliding that poses significant risks to democratic governance. Second, the independence of the MK’s judicial authority has been increasingly marginalized due to the non-procedural dismissal and appointment of Constitutional Court Justices, ultimately distorting the principle of checks and balances.
Anomali Masa Jabatan Presiden Terhubung Dengan Bentuk Negara Republik
Authors: Mujahidah Mujahidah , Tibaka Leli
Published: December 2024

Penambahan Masa Jabatan Presiden menjadi isu yang mengemuka dalam sistem ketatanegaraan, hal ini tidak terlepas dari adanya histori masa jabatan presiden lebih dari dua priode.  Pasal 7 Undang - Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 mengatur mengenai masa jabatan presiden secara eksplisit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah konsep anomali masa jabatan presiden dihubungkan dengan konsep republik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konstitusi  menganut norma yang tertutup yang secara tegas membatasi hanya dua periode,  menambah masa jabatan presiden adalah inkonstitusional kecuali pasal terkait diubah, namun  yang lebih mendasar pembatasan masa jabatan presiden berkaitan erat dengan bentuk negara republik yang dianut oleh suatu negara.  Republik  bentuk pemerintahan yang berkedaulatan  rakyat dan dikepalai seorang presiden. Pemerintahan yang dijalankan oleh rakyat dan bertujuan untuk  kepentingan umum oleh karena itu penyelenggaraan pemerintah atas kehendak umum atau kepentingan umum.
Neuromarketing cues: an eye-tracking study on mother’s visual attention to organic vegetable advertisement
Authors: Mohd Isa Salmi , Anuar Nik Nur Azhani
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the impact that different aspects of advertising have on the attention that a consumer pays to a certain advertisement. To investigate the correlations between the components of advertising and the attention arousal of consumers, six different aspects were tested. After collecting data from mothers, a heat map analysis was performed. The findings suggest that both the text and the visual components of the advertisements influenced the viewers' levels of attention. This research provides two possible hooks that might spike a consumer's attention and arousal in an advertisement. It is the image of a mother and kids together with the quote. The research presents how mother’s attention can be triggered by organic foods, which can help food advertisers to understand better the role of marketing cues in influencing consumers' purchase decisions.
CO2 sequestration potential in Depleted Hydrocarbon fields – A geochemical approach
Authors: Gianni Eleni , Tyrologou Pavlos , Behnous Dounya , Farkas Márton Pál , Álvarez Paula Fernández-Canteli , Crespo Jesús García , Ramirez Ricardo Chacartegui , Koukouzas Nikolaos , Carneiro J.F.
Published: December 2024

The reduction of CO2 emissions is crucial for the energy transition. New technologies for the CO2 capture and storage are under development to achieve this goal. CO2 based electrothermal energy and geological storage system (CEEGS) is a novel technology trying to combine renewable energy storage system based on the transcritical CO2 cycle with CO2 storage in geological formations and geothermal heat extraction. Porous media and rock caverns are the geological formations of high interest for such technology. Among them, depleted hydrocarbon fields gain ground due to the experience of reservoir characterisation, sealing performance, storage operability, and already established oil or gas well infrastructure which critically decreases the cost. However, one of the major problems caused during the CO2 storage in depleted hydrocarbon fields is the interactions between the injected CO2 and the remaining fluids. In this study, the potential CO2 storage in the depleted gas fields was investigated and the Marismas 3 was used as an hypothetical model area for the examination of CO2 interactions with a reservoir representing by carbonate-silisiclastic rocks and sands.PHREEQC computer simulation software was used for the investigation of reservoir rock/water/remained gas (CH4) interactions followed by the interactions taking place after the CO2 injection. Two different scenarios were used for the CO2 concentration in the reservoir representing the minimum and the maximum ratio of reservoir storage efficiency factor. During the CO2 injection, carbonic acid was formed, causing a dissolution of several minerals, leading to the precipitation of siderite and clay minerals such as kaolinite, Ca-montmorillonite and illite, which may cause problems related to the permeability of the system. The colloidal nature of siderite and the swelling properties of Ca-montmorillonite are of high concern for the pore throats clogging. However, in this study area, the other new formed mineralogical phases are not threatening the reservoir quality. To make the system more complex and generic, the CMG software utilized to combine dynamic fluid flow and geochemistry, examining the long-term sequestration of CO2 through dissolution trapping, residual trapping, and lateral migration.
Voices Beyond Verdicts: Integrating Victims’ Narratives in the Proceedings of the International Criminal Court
Authors: Cuppini Alessandra
Published: December 2024

The International Criminal Court (ICC) serves as a forum for justice for victims, yet integrating victims’ narratives, which encompass social, cultural, and historical context, into its trials poses challenges due to tensions with the Court’s evidentiary requirements seeking legal truth. This article proposes a normative framework for redefining truth-finding in ICC adjudication built on three pillars: (i) the pursuit of truth and justice, (ii) the victims’ right to truth, and (iii) the legal epistemological function. It advocates a shift toward a narrative-driven, victim-centred justice system. Subsequently, the study explores how ICC procedural law can adopt this framework, focusing on adversarial or non-adversarial evidence presentation models. It suggests a hybrid model combining judge-led questioning with adversarial cross-examination, balancing fairness, truth-seeking, and narrative inclusion. This study concludes that, by embracing a narrative-sensitive approach, the ICC can enhance its truth-seeking mandate, strengthen accountability, and foster a more inclusive understanding of mass atrocities.
Assessment of Syngas Kinetic Models for the Prediction of a Turbulent Nonpremixed Flame
Authors: Marzouk Osama Ahmed , Huckaby E. David
Published: December 2024

We consider eight kinetic models for syngas (CO-H2) oxidation, which have been proposed or used for different applications, such as laminar counter-flow flames and hypersonic engines. The models range in size from 2 global steps to 38 elementary steps. We assess the models performance in predicting a simple turbulent jet flame (Sandia/ETH-Zurich flame A). The fuel consists of CO, H2, and N2 with 40%, 30%, and 30% by volume, respectively. We simulate the turbulent flame using the finite volume method and compare the Favre-averaged profiles of temperature and mass fractions of the stable species with the experimental data. These comparisons characterize the applicability of the kinetic models to turbulent flames. Turbulence is modeled using the k-epsilon model with McGuirk-Rodi modification for round jets. Turbulence-chemistry interaction is modeled using the partially stirred reactor (PaSR) approach. The kinetic models vary largely in their computational cost. Five of the models overpredicted the maximum flame temperature (by 200K-320K). The 2-step (Slavinskaya et al., 2005) and 9-step (Edelman-Fortune, 1969) models underpredicted the maximum temperature by 240K and 580K, respectively. Predictions using the 3-step model of Cuoci et al. (2009), which is based on the Westbrook-Dryer (1981) model for hydrocarbon fuels, gave less than 10K difference. This model also has the lowest computational cost.
Managing dopamine-responsive dystonia using dynamic simulation modelling
Authors: Knowles Dylan
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a case study of a 33-year-old female patient diagnosed with dopamine-responsive dystonia (DRD). With no timely access to experts familiar with treating DRD, a dynamic simulation model was developed to design and optimize the patient's medication regimen, incorporating factors such as drug half-lives and fluctuations in dopamine production. The regimen significantly improved the subject's mobility and reduced adverse symptoms compared to the originally prescribed regimen. This case study underscores the importance of personalized treatment plans and the potential of dynamic simulation modelling in managing complex medical conditions like DRD and Parksinson's Disease.
A 3D Darcy-scale reactive transport modeling of experimental wormhole formation in limestone under geological CO2 storage conditions
Authors: Vafaie Atefeh , Soler Josep , Cama Jordi , Kivi Iman , Vilarrasa Victor
Published: December 2024

Geologic CO2 storage is projected to play a key role in mitigating the climate change crisis. Changes in pore structure and hydraulic properties are likely to occur in carbonate rocks when they interact with CO2 as an acid-producing agent, potentially affecting CO2 flow and storage behavior in the subsurface. Here, we combine laboratory experiments and numerical simulations of CO2-saturated water and HCl solution injections into limestone specimens to develop an improved understanding of reactive flow in these rocks. We employ a digital rock approach based on X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT) to construct heterogeneous rock permeability maps, fed as inputs into 3D Darcy-scale reactive transport models of the experiments. The simulations satisfactorily reproduce measured changes in effluent chemistry, porosity and permeability as well as the observed dissolution features in reacted rock samples. The complete dissociation of HCl as a strong acid results in compact dissolution, numerically captured using the classical Kozeny-Carman porosity-permeability relationship. In contrast, the partial dissociation of aqueous CO2 as a weak acid and the related pH-buffering effect drive strong feedback between fluid flow and dissolution, leading to wormhole formation. This dissolution pattern can be only reproduced by a large exponent (15 to 27.6) in the porosity-permeability relationship. We show that dimensionless Péclet and Damköhler numbers alone cannot predict the observed dissolution patterns in the rock. The obtained results highlight the primary control of small-scale heterogeneities and acid type on coupled flow and chemical reactions in permeable limestones and the need for a rigorous upscaling approach for field-scale studies.
Questionable prospective effect of physical activity on mental health: A simulated reanalysis and comment on Rodeiro et al. (2025)
Authors: Sorjonen Kimmo , Melin Bo
Published: December 2024

Based on findings from analyses with cross-lagged panel models, Rodeiro et al. (2025) concluded that physical inactivity had an effect on mental disorders mediated by loneliness. However, contrary to convention, Rodeiro et al. did not seem to adjust for the predictor (i.e., initial physical inactivity) when estimating the effect of the mediator (i.e., loneliness) on the outcome (i.e., subsequent mental disorders) or to estimate the statistical significance of the mediated effect. Here, we simulated data to resemble the data used by Rodeiro et al. A longitudinal mediation model showed no statistically significant mediated (via loneliness) or total effect of initial physical inactivity on subsequent mental disorders. Consequently, the conclusions by Rodeiro et al. appear not to be supported by their own data.
Sensitivity to geometric shape regularity emerges independently of vision.
Authors: Adriano Andrea , Sablé-Meyer Mathias , Ciccione Lorenzo , Zhan Minye , Dehaene Stanislas
Published: December 2024

In a visual intruder task, regular quadrilaterals such as squares and rectangles are easier to process than matched shapes devoid of parallelism, symmetry or right-angles. This geometric regularity effect was found in various human groups, including preschoolers and uneducated adults, but not in non-human primates. It was proposed to reflect a fundamental ability to combine discrete geometric features into structured representations of geometric shapes using an abstract amodal language-of-thought (LoT) that also supports the acquisition of symbolic drawing and formal mathematics. Here, we tested a prediction of this hypothesis: blind participants should have the same intuitions of geometric regularity as sighted ones. To evaluate this prediction, congenitally blind and sighted but blindfolded adults underwent a tactile version of the visual quadrilateral intruder task. Among six tactile shapes, five of which were identical up to small size and rotation changes, participants were asked to identify a deviant shape defined by a fixed displacement of a single vertex, and to rate their confidence in their response. Both variables revealed a geometric regularity effect in both groups, correlated with previous results in the visual domain. Furthermore, a symbolic LoT model was a better predictor of tactile performance than a visual CNN model in blind participants. Thus, the geometric regularity effect develops in the absence of vision.
An early numeracy digital brief assessment: parametric and non-parametric IRT models
Authors: MARCONI CECILIA , de León Dinorah , Luzardo Mario , Maiche Ale
Published: December 2024

Developing efficient and reliable tools for assessing early mathematical skills remains a critical priority in educational research. This study aimed to develop and validate a brief version of the Prueba Uruguaya de Matemática (Uruguayan Mathematics Test, PUMa), a digital tool to assess mathematical abilities in children aged 5 to 6. The test comprises both symbolic and non-symbolic dimensions, including tasks as approximate number system, counting, numerical ordering (forward and backward), math fluency, composition and decomposition of numbers, and transcoding auditory-verbal stimuli into Arabic-visual symbols. Using a sample of 443 participants and applying parametric and non-parametric models within the framework of Item Response Theory (IRT), along with correlations with TEMA-3, we generated preliminary evidence that the brief version retained both precision and validity. The resulting brief test, consisting of nearly half the original items, achieved a balanced representation of symbolic and non-symbolic tasks. These findings highlight the efficiency of digital tools for real-time data collection and their potential to enable scalable early interventions. Such advancements support personalized educational strategies, fostering cognitive and academic growth from an early age.
Facade Morphology with Kinetic System in Tall Buildings
Authors: Dharmatanna Stephanus Wirawan
Published: December 2024

The urban population's dependence on natural resources to fulfill their daily energy needs is increasingly leading the earth to experience an energy crisis. One of the efforts that can be made to save the earth is to provide replacement energy. The solution to the energy crisis can be realized through architectural designs that care for nature by focusing on renewable natural resources. One form of implementation is by processing wind power into energy. The facade as the outermost surface of a tall building, has the potential to process wind power into energy because it receives the wind directly. Kinetic systems can be applied to the facade so that it can process the wind power available in the environment more effectively. This research aims to examine kinetic facade models from several architectural works that use kinetic design concepts and approach the average wind speed of Surabaya City. This research uses the methods of precedent study and comparative study. The result of this research is the discovery of hanging and rotational kinetic facade forms.
Evaluasi Pendekatan Adaptive Reuse pada Wisma Kerkhoven di Kawasan Observatorium Bosscha, Lembang
Authors: Reztrie Noveryna Dwika , Fathya Oksalis , Raudha Dafa , Rabani Muhamad Rafi
Published: December 2024

Bandung merupakan pusat bangunan cagar budaya yang memiliki banyak nilai sejarah serta keindahan arsitektur. Observatorium Bosscha, yang didirikan oleh K.A.R. Bosscha pada tahun 1923, adalah salah satu kawasan cagar budaya terkenal di Bandung, khususnya kawasan Lembang, Jawa Barat. Kawasan Observatorium Bosscha ini masih digunakan hingga saat ini untuk melakukan penelitian bidang astronomi. Dalam upaya melestarikan bangunan cagar budaya, salah satu pertimbangan yang sangat penting diantaranya adalah penerapan konsep adaptive reuse. Wisma Kerkhoven yang terletak di kawasan Observatorium Bosscha, mengalami perubahan fungsi menjadi fasilitas komunal dari rumah A menjadi rumah B. Bangunan ini juga termasuk ke dalam kategori bangunan Cagar Budaya yang harus dilestarikan sesuai Undang-undang No. 11 tahun 2010. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang upaya pelestarian dan revitalisasi bangunan melalui penerapan konsep Adaptive Reuse pada Wisma Kerkhoven dengan pendekatan teori Shearing Layers of Change. Metode pengumpulan data melibatkan observasi langsung dan wawancara dengan stakeholeder pemilik dan pengelola kawasan Observatorium Bosscha. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang upaya pelestarian dan revitalisasi bangunan cagar budaya melalui konsep Adaptive Reuse
Penerapan Konsep Adaptif Desain Bentuk Gedung Pertunjukan Tari pada Komplek Pertunjukan Seni di Ciamis Jawa Barat
Authors: Trianto Widya Amalia , Rachim Amir Mukmin , Ratniarsih Ika
Published: December 2024

Indonesia memiliki keberagaman suku, budaya, serta bahasa. Tetapi, seiring dengan berkembangnya aliran seni dan masuknya budaya asing ke Indonesia, generasi muda cenderung kurang berminat dan sedikit yang tertarik terhadap budaya dan kesenian. Bentuk bangunan saat ini telah banyak dipengaruhi oleh arsitektur modern.Kekhasan dari obyek rancangan ini, bentuk dirancang sebagai perwujudan dari arsitektur tradisional dan arsitektur modern dan secara adaptif dapat merespons kondisi saat ini dan perubahan kondisi pada masa yang akan datang. Karakter dari bentuk bangunan tersebut dapat diwujudkan dengan menggunakan konsep adaptif. Melalui metode penelitian fakultatif, data dikumpulkan untuk kemudian dianalisis. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa konsep adaptif dapat merespon perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi di lingkungan sekitarnya.
Penerapan Arsitektur Biofilik Pada Bentuk dan Ruang Bangunan Restaurant di Beach Club Pantai Ngopet Selatan, Malang
Authors: Pawane Filia Feronika , Yulfiah Yulfiah , Widjajanti Wiwik Widyo , Poedjioetami Esty
Published: December 2024

Abstrak. Malang merupakan salah satu kota di Indonesia yang memiliki banyak keindahan, diantaranya berupa objek wisata Pantai Ngopet Selatan, Gajahrejo, Gedangan. Pantai ini memiliki pemandangan eksotis dengan perbukitan dan batu karang di tepi pantai. Oleh karena itu, telah dilakukan Perencanaan dan Perancangan Beach Club di Pantai Ngopet Selatan, Gajahrejo, Gedangan, Malang, Jawa Timur. Perencanaan dan perancangan Beach Club dengan menerapkan pendekatan Arsitektur Biofilik pada tatanan lahan, bentuk bangunan maupun ruang. Arsitektur Biofilik merupakan sebuah konsep arsitektur untuk meningkatkan konektivitas atau hubungan manusia dengan lingkungan alam sekitar, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Perencanaan dan perancangan Beach Club di Pantai Ngopet menghadirkan sebuah tempat hiburan yang menggunakan konsep biofilik dengan salah satu fasilitas yang ada yaitu restoran. Perencanaan dan perancangan Beach Club menghadirkan tempat hiburan yang memberi kenyamanan kepada para wisatawan.
The Significance of Science literacy in Biology Learning
Authors: Rizalia Syarif , Fahrizi Zakky , Sukmawati Sukmawati
Published: December 2024

The aim of the present study is: 1) to explore the quality of teachers’ understanding about science literacy in biology; 2) to explore inhibiting and supporting factors of the quality teachers’ understanding for science literacy in biology; and 3) to suggest solutions to enhance the understanding of science literacy for biology teachers. The present study involved biology teachers and the deputy principal for curriculum of MAN 1 South Konawe. The present study is a qualitative study involving a survey with questionnaires to measure the quality of understanding of the biology teachers in terms of biology science literacy. The data analysis involves: 1) analyzing initial interview data (collection, reduction, data display, conclusion); 2) testing data validity (through source triangulation, technique triangulation, and time triangulation). The result shows that: 1) the quality of the teachers’ understanding for the science  literacy in biology is interpreted based on the following indicators including the reinforcement of competence with the percentage of 36.36% which falls to into moderate category, and the support and follow-up for the development programs for literacy capability which falls into low category, accounting for 14.29%; 2) inhibiting and supporting factors for the quality of teachers’ understanding about biology science literacy is interpreted based on a number of indicators: a) both inhibiting and supporting internal factors that facilitate the implementation of science literacy-based learning, having the same influence by 50% respectively; b) external factors supporting the implementation science literacy-based learning having moderate influence of 40%, and the inhibiting external factor categorized moderate influence with the percentage of 60%; 3) Suggestions to improve the understanding of science literacy for biology teachers based on the inhibiting factors are to organize special science literacy-based activities, to create forum meetings with science literacy materials, to procure  digital libraries and virtual laboratories, as well to propose various activities budgeted and disbursed by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of South Konawe. The findings suggest that developing science literacy at MAN 1 South Konawe is essential for its teachers and school’s own important significance in carrying out the biology lessons.
Нова грамотність і ключові компетентності в умовах реформування початкової освіти
Authors:   Мукачівський державний університет
Published: December 2024

У монографії представлено результати науково-дослідницької діяльності авторського колективу кафедри теорії та методики початкової освіти Мукачівського державного університету щодо модернізації початкової освіти. Адресується фахівцям, які займаються науковою і професійно-педагогічною діяльністю у початковій освіті, докторантам, аспірантам та здобувачам вищої освіти педагогічних спеціальностей, зокрема спеціальності 013 «Початкова освіта», вчителям початкових класів, усім, хто цікавиться сучасними проблемами початкової освіти і розвитку ключових компетентностей особистості у відповідності до європейських стандартів соціально-економічного сталого розвитку.
Diaspora, Emotion, and Memory: A Gastrocritical Perspective on Jhumpa Lahiri’s Unaccustomed Earth
Authors: Dipra Biswas  , Joydeep Banerjee
Published: December 2024

The acts of consumption bear diverse corporeal, socio-cultural, and transcendental implications within the confines of literary discourse and cultural analysis. They are a means for exploration into the complexities of the human psyche by traversing beyond their function as sensory indulgences. This paper employs the lens of gastrocriticism to analyse Jhumpa Lahiri’s short story collection, Unaccustomed Earth (2008), in its entirety to explore how food becomes an actant in the lives of dislocated individuals grappling with diasporic existence. The eight short stories in this collection showcase the significance of taste and consumptive practices in the experiences of diaspora, on which the paper focuses. Furthermore, the paper aims to study the emotions that characterise the diasporic condition and the ways in which they get elicited through the medium of food. The paper also demonstrates the association of food with memory to elucidate its potential to evoke nostalgia and facilitate emotional healing in characters who experience displacement and social integration.
INFLUENCE OF SPIRO-OMETAD FILM THICKNESS ON THE STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF PEROVSKITE SOLAR CELLS
Authors:   E.A. Buketov Karagandy University, S.K. Tazhibayev S.K.
Published: December 2024

This work investigates the effect of the hole transport layer (HTL) thickness of Spiro-OMeTAD on the electrical transport properties in perovskite solar cells (PSCs).Spiro-OMeTAD films were obtained by the spin-coating method at centrifuge rotation speedsfrom 2000 to 7000 rpm. The thickness and morphology of the Spiro-OMeTAD films were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). From the obtained AFM image data, an increase in the surface root mean square (rms) value is observed with decreasing film thickness. A decrease in film thickness leads to an increase in Energy gap (Eg)from 2.97 eV to 3.01 eV. We observe that at a layer thickness of 260 nm, the efficiency of the cells reaches its maximum value; further increasing the layer thickness reduces the efficiency. Analysis of the impedance spectra of PSCs showed that the optimal layer thickness reduces the HTL resistance and increases the recombination resistance at the perovskite/HTL interface, which increases the effective lifetime of charge carriers. Images of the surface and current distribution of Spiro-OMeTAD on the surface of the perovskite layer were studied.A non-uniform current distribution on the surface of the samples was revealed, the observed spots with high conductivity are interpreted as perovskite quantum dots, which have better photovoltaic characteristics.Keywords: Perovskite solar cells, hole transport layer,Spiro-OMeTAD, conductive-AFM, current-voltage characteristics, impedance measurements.1. Introduction In recent years, organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention from the global scientific community. The unprecedented development of PSCs is driven by their high optical absorption coefficient, tunable bandgap, low cost, ease of fabrication, and great potential to achieve higher efficiency compared to c-Si solar cells [1–3].To increase the efficiency and stability of PSCs, work is being done to search and optimize the composition of all parts of the solar cell, not only the perovskite itself, but also theso-called transport layers. The hole-conducting transport layer plays an important role in the efficiency of charge transfer and extraction of photoexcited perovskite, HTL is important for power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability in PSCs. Transportlayers typically consist of small organic molecules, polymers, or inorganic materials such as oxides. The energy level of the HTL material must coincide with the maximum
RADIATION SYNTHESIS OF BARIUM MAGNESIUM FLUORIDE ACTIVATED BY TUNGSTEN CERAMICS: STRUCTURE AND LUMINESCENCE
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lisitsyn V.M.
Published: December 2024

In the work on the example of barium magnesium fluorideactivated by tungsten system the existence of possibility of introduction of activators, modifiers into the formed ceramics are shown. Using unique properties of radiation synthesis of high synthesis rate is happened. The possibility of synthesis of magnesium fluoride activated by tungsten, barium fluoride activated by tungstenandbarium magnesium fluorideactivated by tungsten ceramics by impact on the charge of a stream of electrons with energy 1.4 MeV with power density 15 kW/cm2is shown. The X-ray diffraction, photoexcitation and luminescence spectra, integral spectra of pulsed cathodoluminescence and its decay kinetics have shown that during radiation synthesis tungsten centers the crystal lattice of ceramics. The formed volatile compounds of hexafluoride tungsten do not have time to leave the reaction zone during the synthesis. The efficiency of synthesis reaches 99%. Addition of tungsten oxide to the charge in the amount of up to 2% of the total weight does not affect the formation of ceramics
SIMULATION OF CONDITIONS FOR ACHIEVING HIGH ELECTRICAL POWER AND EFFICIENCY IN A STIRLING ENGINE WITH A FREE WORKING PISTON
Authors:   L. N. GumilyovEurasian National University, Sabdenov K.О.
Published: December 2024

A simulation of the Stirling engine was carried out, where the temperature variability in the cooler and heater is taken into account, and the engine itself generates electric current. The study was carried out in the temperature range when the piston and displacer move synchronously. The possibility of increasing engine power by reducing hydraulic resistance in the regenerator is shown. It was also discovered that as the electrical load on the generator increases, the work produced by the engine can also increase. This indicates that there is a maximum of electrical energy production depending on the load. The increased rigidity of the displacer spring contributes to an increase in engine power and its efficiency.
DESIGN OF SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO OF GROUND STATION FOR RECEIVING NANO-SATELLITES IMAGE DATA IN S-BAND
Authors:   Ghalam LLP, Baktybekov K.S.
Published: December 2024

This paper presents results for design, production and implementation of a ground station for transmitting and receiving information in the S-band for low-orbital nanosatellites for remote sensing of the Earth. A distinctive feature of the solution is that it uses universal low-cost Software Defined Radiohardware platforms based on programmable logic arrays and transceivers, such as the AD9361. Computational resources are saved by usage of a FIR filter with real coefficients and a carrier signal with a symmetrical impulse response, as well as a frequency converter using the CORDIC algorithm, which provides an efficient solution in terms of field programmable gate arraysresources. This work computes total and useful data transfer rates, as well as the required ratio of the energy of one message bit to the value of the power spectral density of the equivalent noise when used for encoding and modulation of a standard DVB-S2 MODCOD signal. Evaluation of the parameters of the Software Defined Radiofield programmable gate arraystransceiver showed that it can be used in both the S and X frequen
Automatic control system for the supply of nutrient solution in greenhouses
Authors: Sinyavsky О. , Savchenko V. , Solomko N. , Oleshko M.
Published: December 2024

Currently, small-volume hydroponics is widely used in indoor vegetable production. Growing plants on mineral wool substrates using a drip irrigation system has become the most widespread.With this technology, it is necessary to maintain the humidity of the substrate at the optimal level for each culture. For this, software control of nutrient solution supply is currently used, which does not ensure the regime of mineral nutrition of plants at an optimal level.Losses of nutrient solution when using the most advanced drip irrigation system reach at least 25 % The purpose of the study was to develop a system for automatic control of the supply of nutrient solution in greenhouses. To achieve the goal, a functional scheme for automatic regulation of mineral wool humidity was developed and the transfer functions of each of its links were determined. It was established that the relay-pulse law of automatic regulation is the most acceptable. As a quality indicator in the optimization of the system of automatic regulation of mineral wool humidity, the total quadratic deviation was adopted, which made it possible to determine the duration of the pulse and the period of quantization according to the time of the regulator. For a greenhouse with an area of 1 ha, the pulse duration is 111 s, the time quantization interval is 666 s. These regulator parameters ensure absolute stability of the system. The developed automatic regulation system ensures the maintenance of mineral wool humidity at the specified level with an error that does not exceed 5 %.
Assessment of Testing Competency and Associated Training Needs of In-Service Secondary School Teachers in Kwara State
Authors: Shogbesan Yusuf Olayinka , Yusuf Florence Adeoti
Published: December 2024

The study assessed the test construction skills, testing competency level and the training needs of in-service secondary school teachers in kwara state. Using the survey research design, the population comprised all in-service secondary schools teachers in Kwara state with a sample size of one hundred and eighteen (118) teachers in Ilorin west area selected using stratified random sampling techniques with gender as strata. The study answered three research questions and tested two research hypothesis. An instrument titled: Test construction competency scale was used to obtain information as well as open ended item on the training needs of the teachers. The study found out that the most frequently possessed test construction skills is that they have the ability to “Consult standard textbook in the subject for guide” and can “Give clear instruction to guide the test items” as well. However, the least possessed skills are that they mostly lack the ability to “Avoid gender stereotypes in the test items” during test development stage, “Limit essay tests to high level objectives” and are “not comfortable giving students test items for marking” among others. The result further shows that there is a high level of testing competency among the in-service secondary school teachers in the state. Also, there is no difference in the testing competency level of in-service secondary school teachers in Kwara state base on gender and their year of teaching experience. The study therefore recommended that there should be regular in-service training for teachers to update their assessment skills.
Assisting pregnant mothers with NLP affirmation method for childbirth preparation in a complementary school
Authors: Kusyanti Florentina , Lestariningsih Lestariningsih , Leni Leni , Anisah Anisah
Published: December 2024

Pregnancy is a psychologically vulnerable phase, during which pregnant women are prone to stress and emotional changes. Therefore, structured support from the first to the third trimester is essential. The "Complementary School" program is designed to provide continuous support through the implementation of affirmation methods based on Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP), adopting a nurturing care approach for pregnant women. The program includes counseling, complementary practices, and mental support sessions in pregnancy classes. The objective is to enhance pregnant women's understanding of the importance of affirmations in preparing for a positive and confident childbirth experience. The results indicate a significant increase in participants' knowledge, with an average post-test score of 84. As a follow-up, NLP counseling sessions are scheduled regularly every second Friday of the month.
Ultra-processed food hazard education for students of SMK Manbaul Ulum, Cirebon
Authors: Amelia Renny , Zamzam Muh. Yani , Nabilla Revi Maulid , Gabriel Muhammad , Lestari Windi Bina , Fitri Siti Aisyah , Wibowo Chaerunnisa Febria , Rosalinda Anisa Devi , Ananda Tria , Salsabila Najwa Firdausy , Auralia Azzahra Nur , Safitri Elvania Rahma Dina , Yunargi Zidane Pratama
Published: December 2024

People tend to consume high-fat foods such as fast food. The purpose of this community service activity is to determine the habits of consuming fast food and to increase students' knowledge about healthy and balanced food at SMK Manbaul Ulum. The method used is through education to students of SMK Manbaul Ulum. The results of the activity showed that education about the dangers of junk food succeeded in increasing knowledge by 6.4%.
Fostering patriotism through education on the conservation of Indonesian endemic animals to students in Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Syafutra Randi
Published: December 2024

Indonesia, the world's largest archipelago with rich biodiversity, faces significant challenges in conserving endemic animals such as the Komodo dragon, Sumatran tiger, Bornean orangutan, and Javan rhinoceros. This Community Service (CS) program aimed to raise awareness and knowledge among Indonesian students abroad, particularly in Selangor, Malaysia, about the importance of conserving these animals. The program comprised four stages: a pre-test, educational sessions, a virtual tour, and a post-test. Results showed a significant increase in students' understanding, with the post-test average score reaching 85%, compared to 40% on the pre-test. The educational sessions successfully motivated students to participate in conservation efforts, demonstrating the effectiveness of the educational and participatory approach.
Socialization of bullying prevention for children at Aisyiyah PRA Panggungharjo III, Sewon, Bantul
Authors: Yustitia Senja , Widyasari Wulan
Published: December 2024

Indonesia ranks fifth among countries with the highest percentage of students experiencing bullying, according to data from the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Approximately 41.1% of students in Indonesia reported being victims of bullying, a significant figure considering the severe impact of bullying on mental health, individual productivity, and the core values of education and humanity. In response to this issue, a community service program focusing on the socialization of bullying prevention among children was conducted at Aisyiyah PRA Panggungharjo III Sewon Bantul. The program aimed to enhance the understanding of Aisyiyah members, particularly mothers, to enable them to act as key agents in breaking the cycle of bullying through active roles in their families and communities. The program involved a series of stages, including preparation, socialization sessions featuring material presentations and interactive discussions, and evaluation through pre- and post-tests. The evaluation results demonstrated an increased understanding and awareness of bullying among participants, as reflected in the improved post-test scores compared to the pre-test.
Empowering mothers of children under two to prevent stunting through a healthy kitchen
Authors: Longgupa Lisda Widianti , Noya Fransisca , Sitorus Sony Bernike Magdalena , Kuswanti Febty
Published: December 2024

Stunting is a national health issue with significant implications for the quality of future generations, making it a priority for the government at both central and local levels. This community service program aimed to enhance the knowledge and skills of mothers with children under two years old (infants) and posyandu cadres in Lembomawo Village, Poso Kota Selatan Subdistrict, on utilizing local food ingredients for supplementary feeding (PMT). Through counseling and cooking demonstrations, participants were introduced to three PMT recipes tailored to the food texture requirements of infants: 6–8 months (Bubur Singkong Kukuruyuk Saus Jeruk), 9–11 months (Nasi Tim Ikan Telur Sayuran), and 12–23 months (Tim Ikan Menado). Additionally, recipe books for local infant and maternal nutrition were distributed to mothers and posyandu cadres to serve as practical guidelines. The results of the program showed a significant increase in mothers' knowledge about the importance of supplementary feeding using local ingredients, from 23.6% prior to the intervention to 85.72% afterward. This program was conducted in collaboration with the Village Midwife and the Lembomawo Village Government, aiming to contribute to reducing stunting rates through sustainable utilization of local resources.
Jamu Gummies: Innovation for women's health and productivity enhancement of the Sapta Marga village women's association
Authors: Murni Mayang , Nafaida Rizky , Khalil Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This community service program aims to improve women’s reproductive health while supporting the economic productivity of the PKK mothers in Sapta Marga Village, Aceh Tamiang Regency, through the innovation of jamu gummies. The program focuses on transforming rhizomes into practical, tasty, and economically valuable products. The methods implemented include educational sessions on the health benefits of rhizomes and a three-day intensive training covering the production, packaging, and marketing of jamu gummies. Evaluation results indicate a significant improvement in participants' knowledge and skills in rhizome processing, with an average understanding increase of over 80%. The jamu gummies produced are of high quality, meet marketing standards, and are ready to be sold through both digital and conventional marketing strategies taught during the program. The initiative also creates new economic opportunities for PKK mothers without disrupting their household responsibilities.
Development of fish therapy pond edutourism in Magelang Pine Valley
Authors: Yasa Ilham Majida , Yunita Yunita , Susanto Barkah , Maharani Betari , Hidayah Nur , Darmawan Ericka , Setiyowati Ani , Ra’uuf Syuhada Abdi , Arif Asifa Nas , Mubarok Rizqil Ghozi
Published: December 2024

Lembah Pinus Magelang, located in Surodadi Village, Tepus Wetan Hamlet, faces challenges due to a lack of diverse tourist attractions, leading to low tourist interest and limited competitiveness of the area. To address this issue, the community service initiated the development of a fish therapy pond as a new attraction. This program was carried out in three main stages: identifying existing and supporting facilities, socializing the potential for fish therapy pond development with Pokdarwis Mekar Lestari, and assisting in the construction process of the fish therapy pond. The initial identification revealed that existing facilities, such as children’s play areas, outbound spaces, and camping grounds, were insufficient to sustainably attract visitors. The fish therapy pond was developed with an environmentally friendly design and involved the local community in its management. This new attraction successfully increased the area’s appeal, as evidenced by a rise in visitor numbers from 500 to 1,200 within two months after its opening. An entry fee of IDR 2,000 per visitor also contributed to additional income for the community through sustainable management. This program not only enhanced the diversity of tourist attractions at Lembah Pinus Magelang but also empowered the local community in managing tourism resources. The long-term impact is expected to include improved local economic development, better tourism management, and strengthened competitiveness of the area as a leading natural tourism destination.
Education on processing organic waste into compost and eco enzymes in Sawah Lama, Ciputat, South Tangerang
Authors: Setiati Rini , B.P. Qurrotu Aini , Sejati Wahyu , Abdillah Ridho , HB M. Furqon , Palapa Patrick Frederick , Yanti Widia
Published: December 2024

Household waste production, especially organic waste from yards and kitchens, often accumulates, causing disturbances to the surrounding environment. Organic waste can be processed in several ways, such as being processed into compost, eco-enzymes, fish feed pellets, and so on. One of the objectives of this community service program is to enhance community skills in processing yard and kitchen waste into various useful products. Organic waste from household kitchens, such as leftover vegetables and fruit peels, is processed into compost and eco-enzymes, thus reducing the waste burden on the environment. The conclusion obtained is that with the training on organic waste processing, community skills have improved and organic waste that is usually disposed of in the trash can be processed into various more beneficial products.
Development of village website and hot spring water quality evaluation for sustainable tourism empowerment in Sumberarum Village, Magelang
Authors: Muliawanti Lintang , Pambuko Zulfikar Bagus , Yuliastuti Fitriana , Pradani Missya Putri Kurnia
Published: December 2024

Sumberarum Village, Magelang Regency, holds great tourism potential with its natural hot springs, which remain underutilized. The main challenges include the lack of integrated digital information and limited digital marketing skills among the local community. This community service initiative aims to develop sustainable tourism potential through the creation of a village website and the evaluation of hot spring water quality. The approach includes developing a village website at desasumberarum.id as a centralized tourism information hub and measuring water quality parameters at four hot spring locations: Umbul Banyu Roso, Tirta Madu Barokah, Tirta Sambara, and Azzira Tirta Gemilang. Results indicate that the village website significantly improves information accessibility and supports digital tourism promotion. Additionally, water quality tests reveal that all parameters, including pH and alkalinity, fall within safe thresholds, suggesting potential health benefits of the hot spring water for visitors.
Creating value-added lemongrass oil from lemongrass for Tanjung Asri Women Farmers Group
Authors: Amrih Dewi , Setiana Mira , Ferawati Bangkit Ina , Wardani Ditha Kusuma , Himelda Tia Aulia Nashawa
Published: December 2024

The Tanjung Asri Women Farmers Group (KWT) has great potential to develop businesses based on local resources, particularly lemongrass. Lemongrass, which offers numerous benefits, especially in the form of lemongrass oil, presents a promising business opportunity. However, the KWT members' lack of knowledge regarding lemongrass oil processing and business management poses a challenge. This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of KWT members in processing lemongrass into lemongrass oil and marketing the product through e-commerce. Through counseling, training, and demonstrations, KWT members were given an understanding of the benefits of lemongrass, lemongrass oil processing techniques, and online marketing strategies. The results of this activity indicate a significant increase in KWT members' knowledge about the added value of lemongrass and the business potential of lemongrass oil. In addition, KWT members also gained a better understanding of digital-based business management. Thus, this community service activity is expected to encourage the development of micro, small, and medium enterprises based on local resources in KWT Tanjung Asri.