bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying the Types of Logistic Collaboration in SCM: A Study of Indian Automobile Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Ullah Asad
Published: February 2020

In the context of supply chain, collaboration is relatively a very broad and encompassing term and as such needs further clarification. This study aims to identify the types of logistic collaboration in the Indian automobile manufacturing companies’ vis-à-vis their supply chain management. This paper seeks to report the results of the survey conducted within the Indian automobile manufacturers regarding the type of collaborative practices in their supply chain and tries to illustrate how the size of the company, nature and the various segments affects their decisions regarding the choice of the type of collaborative practices. The paper fulfils the gap in the literature by examining the type of collaborative practices within the Indian automobile manufacturers and will thus be beneficial to the logistics managers and support further empirical research work in this field.
A imprensa escrita como afirmação do discurso docente: práticas para o ensino de História
Authors: Guimarães Neto Regina Beatriz , Souza Jonathas Duarte Oliveira de
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho discute a utilidade de jornais impressos para o ensino da história sobre a Ditadura Militar (1964-1985). Sem procurar se constituir um manual delimitado de técnicas, faz uma breve apreciação da prática docente para o ensino de História e debate o atual modelo, considerado relativamente pobre de atributos que caracterizam o regime de 1964 como uma ditadura. Reflete a dimensão de fontes históricas para o ensino de história, atrelada à interpretação dos textos em perspectiva multidisciplinar, utilizando neste o Jornal do Brasil (RJ). Assim, inspirando-nos em Foucault (1996), procuramos analisar algumas matérias da imprensa que podem ser utilizadas na escola, a fim de desnaturalizar discursos que se multiplicam a partir de lugares institucionais que se dizem neutros.
O ensino de história na Era Digital: a inclusão como possibilidade real. O caso dos NTE e NTM em Mossoró-RN
Authors: Tamanini Paulo Augusto , Souza Maria do Socorro
Published: February 2020

Este estudo aborda a inclusão digital como instrumento de inclusão social e do pleno exercício da cidadania, enfatizando o papel dos Núcleos de Tecnologia Educacional (NTE e NTM) de Mossoró - RN nesse processo. Fulcrado em autores como Bonilla (2005); Bonilla e Pretto (2011); Bonilla e Oliveira (2011); Lemos (2007; 2011); e Castells (2002; 2003; 2005), o texto trata, inicialmente, do papel das TIC na escola e no ensino de História. Em seguida, busca contextualizar a discussão acerca da inclusão digital no Brasil, a partir da década de 90, originada da popularização da internet e da consequente preocupação do governo brasileiro em implementar políticas públicas visando universalizar o acesso da população brasileira às Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) e, com isso, combater a exclusão digital. Aborda, dentre os vários programas para fomentar a inclusão digital, então implantados, a criação dos Núcleos de Tecnologia Educacional como espaços de formação para a inserção e uso pedagógico das TIC no fazer do professor. O trabalho passa, então, a discorrer sobre a definição do termo inclusão digital e sua evolução teórica, apresentando, nesse contexto, alguns programas governamentais de inclusão digital. O texto versa, por fim, a respeito de alguns dados relativos aos cursos ofertados pelo NTE e NTM e os resultados junto aos professores, no que tange à inclusão digital e social desses profissionais. A pesquisa, de cunho bibliográfico e documental, busca enveredar pela perspectiva cidadã da inclusão digital, posicionando-se pela defesa de uma inclusão digital que denote o uso consciente e autoral das tecnologias pelo professor e que promova a inserção desses recursos no ensino, de modo a torná-lo mais significativo e condizente com as demandas da sociedade da informação e do conhecimento e a formar seres questionadores e inventivos
Ensino de história e sensibilidade: o ver, o ouvir e o imaginar nas aulas de História
Authors: Soares Júnior Azemar dos Santos
Published: February 2020

Esse artigo tem por objetivo pensar a aula de História do ensino básico a partir das sensibilidades, daquilo que nos passa, que nos toca, que nos forma a partir daquilo que sentimos. Um debate que gira em torno do “fazer sentido” da História para os alunos. Metodologicamente, utilizo relatos de experiência docente para problematizar as sensibilidades nas aulas de História. Dessa forma, os conceitos de sensibilidade e experiência, postulados respectivamente por Sandra Pesavento (2007) e Jorge Larossa (2016) são importantes para pensar um Ensino de História liberto da malha asfixiante do modelo tradicional de ensino. Conclui-se que faz-se cada vez mais necessário a utilização de modelos de ensino capazes de permitir formar cidadãos através da sensibilidade, da criatividade, do ver, do ouvir e imaginar. Alunos comprometidos com sua realidade social, que assumem sua identidade e respeita a alteridade.
A Ditadura Militar narrada nos Livros Didáticos de História
Authors: Rodrigues Junior Osvaldo , Seba Leticia
Published: February 2020

Apresenta resultados parciais de pesquisa em desenvolvimento no Programa de Iniciação Científica – PIBIC da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso – UFMT, que tem como objetivo analisar as narrativas históricas acerca do golpe e da Ditadura Militar no Brasil nos livros didáticos de História aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático - PNLD. Os objetivos específicos do trabalho foram: a) Realizar uma revisão bibliográfica acerca do golpe e da Ditadura Militar no Brasil; b) Inventariar os livros didáticos de História para o Ensino Fundamental aprovados pelo PNLD; c) Analisar três livros didáticos de História da aprovados pelo PNLD 2017. Foram analisadas as coleções História, Sociedade & Cidadania (2015), Araribá – História (2015) e Vontade de Saber (2015). Na análise assumimos como referencial teórico-metodológico o modelo de crítica científica da interpretação histórica presente nos livros didáticos e as tipologias de narrativas históricas propostos por Rüsen (2010). O modelo de crítica é sustentando em um conjunto de critérios para análise do livro didático. Optamos pela análise dos critérios de apresentação dos materiais históricos (textos), pluralidade da experiência histórica, pluriperspectividade e normas científicas por considerá-los essenciais para o desenvolvimento narrativo do livro didático. Assim procuramos identificar a presença das tipologias de narrativa histórica: tradicional (afirmação), exemplar (regularidade), crítica (negação) e genética (transformação). Os resultados parciais nos permitiram observar a ausência de textos historiográficos na apresentação dos materiais históricos. A predominância da política como âmbito de experiência e a inexistência das várias perspectivas da história. Contudo, há uma razoável adoção das normas científicas no que diz respeito a historiografia. Entendemos que a ausência dos critérios analisados está intimamente relacionada ao predomínio da narrativa histórica tradicional presente no livro didático analisado.
A morte e a morte de Quincas Berro D'água, história e literatura: diálogos, singularidades e possibilidades de análise
Authors: Renzcherchen Anderson Teixeira , Ferreira Silvéria da Aparecida
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre os campos da História e da Literatura e suas aproximações. Entendemos a literatura enquanto fonte, testemunho e evidência histórica, para sustentar essa afirmação buscamos na abertura historiográfica, promovida pela escola dos Annales e pela vertente da Nova História Cultural, as aproximações e possibilidades dessa relação. Pontuamos algumas singularidades da escrita histórica e da literária, bem como, as apropriações e diálogos possíveis das produções literárias pela História. Por fim, analisamos a obra “A morte e a morte de Quincas Berro Dágua” publicada pela primeira vez em 1959, do renomado escritor Jorge Amado, discussão na qual tentamos compreender o contexto social do autor e da obra, a fim de abranger os sentimentos, as angústias, percepções de mundo, mentalidades e, mesmo não sendo nossa intenção inicial, atentamos para os estereótipos presentes na obra e sobre a sociedade baiana da década de 1950 e que ainda se perpetuam no discurso social.
Juventude e contracultura: investigações sobre a consciência histórica de alunos da rede pública e privada
Authors: Sabião Ruhama
Published: February 2020

Ao longo do século XX, com a chamada “Revolução Cultural”, as relações familiares, as concepções de valores sociais e morais, passam por uma transformação, começando a se destacar também as diferenças entre os adultos e os jovens. Pensando nisso, esse trabalho objetivou investigar a consciência histórica de alunos da rede pública e privada sobre juventude e contracultura, elaborando, posteriormente, um material didático acerca da temática. Para isso, foi aplicado um questionário comum aos alunos das duas redes de ensino, procurando analisar também as semelhanças e dissonâncias entre eles. Dentre muitas respostas, destaca-se que os alunos não se veem como sujeitos ativos em assuntos políticos, culturais e sociais, com responsabilidade sobre questões do presente. A expectativa foi que através das leituras historiográficas, fontes e documentos apresentados, os alunos ampliassem sua visão de mundo sobre o que é ser jovem, assumindo uma identidade e percebendo-se como agentes transformadores do lugar onde vivem.
Construção do conhecimento histórico na Escola
Authors: Cruz Matheus Mendanha
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar o projeto que foi aplicado no início do ano letivo de 2016 em uma escola particular de Ponta Grossa. O projeto ressalta a discussão sobre a importância da História para a orientação da vida prática dos alunos, como a disciplina escolar pode oferecer suporte para a vivência da democracia e da realidade cotidiana de debates e bombardeios de informações. Para isso oferecemos aos estudantes do sexto ano a oportunidade de escreverem, eles mesmos, a história da própria instituição de ensino a qual pertencem, possibilitando assim que percebessem a operação historiográfica e também exercer a retirada de informações de várias fontes, gerando um olhar aguçado para a crítica de fontes, permitindo a autonomia no processo de formação de conhecimento.
A identidade indígena brasileira por meio das imagens do livro didático de história
Authors: Santos Nádia Narcisa de Brito
Published: February 2020

Este artigo analisa a identidade atribuída e veiculada acerca do índio e da índia brasileiros por meio das imagens – ilustrações, fotografias e pinturas – na coleção de livros didáticos de História do autor Alfredo Boulos Júnior (2016), adotada no Programa Nacional de Livros Didáticos (PNLD) de 2018 para o Ensino Médio. Buscamos responder aos seguintes questionamentos: Como é representado o indígena brasileiro no livro didático por meio das imagens? Que/Quais identidade/s indígena/s é/são possível/eis vislumbrar por meio destas imagens? A escolha da referida coletânea se justifica por ser a mais adotada pelo PNLD de 2018, de acordo com os dados estatísticos disponibilizados pelo Fundo Nacional de Educação (FNDE), bem como é durante o ensino escolar que se constrói os conceitos sobre a índia e o índio, que são apresentados na escola, primordialmente, por meio do livro didático (CHOPPIN, 2004). O presente estudo utilizou o conceito de identidade de Stuart Hall (2006), a concepção de livro didático de Egil Borre Johnsen (1996) e Alain Choppin (2004), e a problematização de imagem de Peter Burke (2004). Percebemos que em todas as imagens desta coletânea, exceto uma, a índia e o índio são apresentados de cocar, sem vestimentas nos membros superiores e corpo pintado. Nesse contexto, as iconografias são genéricas, apresentando as etnias indígenas como se partilhassem da mesma identificação e cultura. Portanto, na coleção História, Sociedade & Cidadania, as imagens da índia e do índio não os reconhecem em sua complexidade, sobressaltando-se elementos identitários que consideram “o índio genuíno”, sem interferências de outras culturas, como o formador da nação brasileira, construindo e preservando uma identidade, nacionalidade, cultura e ideologia.
Water and Photosynthetic Rate Flows Under Drought Conditions in a Cork Oak (Quercus suber L.) Forest of Tunisia
Authors: Baraket Mokhtar , Fkiri Sondes , Nefzi Kaoula , Jebbari Sihem , Khaldi Abdelhamid , Nasr Zouhair
Published: February 2020

Relationships between drought, carbon and water fluxes have been rarely studied in south Mediterranean forests. The present research focused on the determination of seasonal and annual water and carbon fluxes of Quercus suber L. forests in northern Tunisia. The methodology was based on the calculation of the standard precipitation index, measurements of trees sap flow and net photosynthesis. Estimations of photosynthesis and transpiration during the 1965-2003 period were used on crop coefficients and water use efficiency terms.

Results indicate a wide evapotranspiration rates fluctuating from 354 mm y-1 to 784 mm y-1 with an average value of 553 mm y-1. Extreme values of the standard precipitation index were -2.4 and +2.7. The carbon flux ranged from 0.255 to 0.586 kg y-1 m-2 with a mean value of 0.448 kg y-1 m-2 while average water efficiency reached 0.8 gr C kg-1 H2O. Despite the fact, that there is a significant difference between the four studied sites and important annual variability of carbon fluxes, the correlations between water and carbon fluxes and drought index were very low. The results clearly indicate that deep transformations are occurring in the Quercus suber L. forests, as a result of carbon dioxide fertilization being cancelled by the drought effect.
Methodological Aspects of Project Techniques Selection for Innovation Project Management
Authors: Yakovleva Anna
Published: February 2020

Project Management offers a variety of methodologies which provides managers with different techniques and tools to use during project planning and implementation. At the same time there is a substantial lack of systematized approaches to the management of innovation projects. In this article key factors in the selection of appropriate techniques in innovation project management will first be identified. Theoretical analysis of different project management standards and possibility of their use will then be discussed. In addition how the techniques can be applied will be investigated through academic paper analysis. . This research makes a theoretical contribution to the field of project management by selecting and determining which project management techniques can be adapted and applied to innovation projects. Recommendations for practical application are based on theoretical findings of the research. These include two main factors, which are: influencing the choice of project management techniques and the structure of project selection process. The significance of the results obtained is confirmed by creation of theoretical knowledge, which permits to thoroughly understand and capture issues which may emerge during innovation project planning and implementation, through the use of established project management methodology. Keywords: Project management, Innovation, Project management standard, innovation project, PMBoK, PRINCE2, ICB.
Creative Design: An Integral Aspect of Innovation in Industrial Design and Technology
Authors: Egiri Yohanna Ogbu
Published: February 2020

Design and Innovation is a twin words which are most discussed when it comes to creativity in highly competitive markets. Nevertheless, the specific contribution of design and designers in the context of product innovation is insufficiently understood and explored. Mostly, innovation is meant to be the achievement of science and technology, while design as the last element in this chain has the task to introduce the scientific and technological innovation into the life-world of the user. The list of needs include hidden needs, needs that customers may not be aware of or problems they simply accept without question, as well as explicit needs, or needs that will most likely be reported by potential purchasers. Researchers develop the necessary information on which to base the performance, size, weight, service life, and other specifications of the product. Customer needs and product specifications are organized into a hierarchical list with a comparative rating value given to each need and specification. Keywords: Design, Innovation, Technology, Creative design, Product innovation, Customer.
Inovação e Redes nas Médias Empreas: Um Estudo Bibliométrico
Authors: Toigo Taisson
Published: February 2020

Innovation in interorganizational networks has achieved the status of a relevant subject matter in managerial studies. Research shows positive effects and major problems in cooperation to achieve innovations among small and medium enterprises (SMEs). There are 130 documents with the topics Innovation, Networks and SME’s since 1991, year of the first one. We aim to use bibliometric approach in order to identify the authors, journals and the state-of-art of the themes as well as to map the main themes and empirical research. We held the research in three databases. Results indicates an emerging and prominent field of study and gaps in literature leading to future research.
International strategies of business incubation: the USA, Germany and Russia
Authors: Tsaplin Evgeny , Pozdeeva Yulia
Published: February 2020

In this paper we examine strategies of business incubation in the following countries: the USA, Germany and Russia using both a comparative theoretical analysis of different performance criteria of business incubators and interviewing experts who work directly with startup companies. We find that there are more differences than similarities between the strategies of business incubation in these countries. The USA prove to be far ahead of Germany and especially Russia in supporting start-ups. The study might impact a business practice in the way of clarifying the most significant characteristics and general trends of business incubation strategies in the countries mentioned to take them into account in the process of launching and developing startup companies in one or another country.
The Influence of Technology Readiness Index in Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Study with Brazilian Entrepreneurs in the United States of America
Authors: Penz Daniel , Amorim Bianca Costa , Nascimento Sabrina , Rossetto Carlos Ricardo
Published: February 2020

This research has aimed to analyze the influence of the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) in the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) for Brazilian small-business men who have settled in the United States of America. The exploratory research or quantitative survey was based on a structural equation modeling, using SmartPLS (SEM-PLS). The sample was comprised of 107 Brazilian small-entrepreneurs who live in the United States. The results indicate the predominance of inducing technology factors in dimensions of optimism and innovativeness to the TRI, which suggests making use of new technologies. By excluding the dimensions of discomfort and insecurity on the TRI, it was revealed entrepreneurs feel more comfortable with technology and do not feel uncomfortable or insecure about using them. Regarding the entrepreneurial orientation, it was possible to perceive dimensions of risk propensity, proactive approach and innovativeness among those who participated in the survey. Concerning the relationship of both constructs, the TRI and the OE, the structural model has shown good fitting of 36%, which means the TRI explains the EO in 13%. In outline, it is to say the TRI fairly influences the entrepreneurial orientation of those Brazilian small-business men analyzed.
How Technology Intelligence is Applied In Different Contexts?
Authors: Gonçalves Leandro Rodrigues , De Almeida Fernando Carvalho
Published: February 2020

Technology Intelligence is one of the many ways of applying Competitive Intelligence. As CI, TI intends to detect and process weak signals in order to identify opportunities and threats and provide actionable information. There is still a gap in reported cases of companies actually applying Technology Intelligence. This article intends to answer the research question: How companies build an actionable technology intelligence project? Case Study and Action-research approaches were applied for this research. The article describes two application cases: a research institute with a petrochemical industry as a client; and a private petrochemical industry. Companies seem to not know how to deal with Technology Intelligence. When outsourcing, they are more willing to pay for an extremely comprehensive project that not necessarily needs to be so deep and complex. When doing it internally, decision makers are not willing to wait and give the TI analysts resources to conduct a project in the right deepness and complexity. It seems like a “goldilocks problem” applied to Technology Intelligence.
SUSTAINABILITY OF KNOWLEDGE & TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER AT KHMELNITSKY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY (UKRAINE)
Authors: Hovorushchenko Tetiana , Nicheporuk Andriy , Medzatyi Dmytro
Published: February 2020

The need of the search for new sources of funding due to the decrease in the level of state financing of higher education institutions of Ukraine testifies to the actuality and importance of the development of cooperation between academic institutions and industrial partners. The Knowledge Technology Transfer Center (KTTC) was established at Khmelnitsky National University (KhNU) with the purpose of such cooperation. The main areas of activity of the KTTC are: organization of effective communication interface of the University; in-university consulting on implementation and commercialization of innovations; intellectual property management and research of the market requirements. The main target groups of the KTTC at KhNU are researchers, students and industrial partners.This paper highlights the ways of achieving sustainable development by the KTTC at KhNU. The tasks, which were solved to ensure sustainable development of the KTTC, are presented. Among these tasks, the main attention is paid to the analysis of the innovation branch, financial support of the KTTC and involvement of as many partners as possible in the activities of the KTTC.
Innovation management and Value Chain Design: Case of a Small Professional Services Firm
Authors: Allahar Haven
Published: February 2020

The concepts of innovation and innovation management were usually associated with large firms in developed countries that focused on product manufacturing. More recently, researchers turned to studies of innovation in services and the relevance to small firms in developing countries. This paper explores the relevance and applicability of the concept of innovation management to small firms, particularly in the field of professional services, in the context of a developing state. A qualitative research method was employed involving collection and analysis of published articles, reports, and leading texts on the subject of innovation management. The main finding is that innovation management is highly relevant to small firms especially those that operate in the services sector. The value of the paper lies in the fact that innovation management and value chain innovation were not previously investigated in small professional services firms in the Caribbean, and, therefore, the paper contributes to filling that gap in the literature. The practical implications for managers are that open innovation and services innovation must be embraced, and business model and value chain innovation are critical to small firm delivery of services.
A incidência da inovação em responsabilidade social corporativa nas empresas do setor elétrico
Authors: Oliveira Carlos Eduardo de , Cândido Tarcísio Luiz , Lima Bruno Araújo
Published: February 2020

In a scenario of economic crisis it is common for companies to reduce the volume of social activities and innovation. Companies in the electricity sector are the basis for a country’s industries, making this sector one of the most important. Therefore, it is relevant to investigate whether companies in the electricity sector perform innovation, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities, and CSR actions that can be considered as innovation. The objective of this study was to describe the CSR actions and innovations that matter most to the electric sector companies present in the BMF Bovespa Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE). A documentary survey was carried out, consisting of the management and sustainability reports, from the years 2013 to 2015, of the 10 companies listed in the ISE in the year 2015. Regarding CSR activities, it can be inferred that promoting art, culture, citizenship, quality of life and generation of income for young people and adults, have programs of inclusive professional training and volunteer programs, matter to the companies surveyed. Regarding the relationship between innovation and CSR, it can be inferred that the implementation of innovations that led to the improvement of social actions, and the elaboration of innovation projects matter to companies, to the detriment of the other researched items. It is suggested that the actions of innovation and CSR are focused primarily on the development of the individual and the interaction with the society in which it is inserted, and this can provide a favorable image of the company for society.
Information metaphors
Authors: Stefanowicz Bogdan
Published: February 2020

The term information has been known for centuries with many different definitions and interpretations in use. But there is still lack of commonly accepted one and the question what actually stands for the term information is open. This is why some new concepts appear. Among them, the approach based on the analysis of its properties and functions enables better understanding of the phenomenon of information. In the literature one can find a suggestion that the concept of metaphor can be useful in this ap-proach. The main aim of the paper is to give some examples of such metaphors called information metaphors, showing simultaneously their role in explaining some features of information by comparison to other concepts used in daily lives.
Improving the Organization of Work in the Polish Police
Authors: Letkiewicz Arkadiusz
Published: February 2020

The article discusses the issues related to organizational changes in the Polish police, the role of the management and executive staff in the changes after the transformation after 1989. The author also presents a comparative analysis of the results of research on the quality of management information in the Polish police in 2002 and 2016. The analysis presented indicates that the Polish police still requires many changes, although many years have passed since the political transformation in 1989. The process of improving police work organisation should always be the main object of attention of the police management. Ensuring efficient and effective implementation of public tasks is one of the key problems of administration bodies, both on national and local level. The role of public institutions’ managers is to develop structure, processes, work organisation in order to fully satisfy citizens’ needs and optimise use of resources. According to the author, it is necessary to combine tactical tasks with police strategy. Organizational structures require constant development and more flexible solutions should be adopted. It seems that it is necessary,
as in previous years, to establish a team which will prepare an analysis of the functioning of the Police organisation in a holistic way and indicate the directions of its improvement.
Legal Security Aspects of Online Search. Postulates de lege ferenda
Authors: Kurek Justyna
Published: February 2020

Classified online search of telecommunication systems with the use of spyware tools requires comprehensive regulation. On the one hand, it should ensure the balance between an effective legal framework for guaranteeing public security in the online environment and legal regulation, on the other hand — it should respect constitutional norms, in particular the right of the individual to protect privacy, the inviolability of the home and the protection of correspondence. Legal and political consent for such activities requires, however, the creation of institutional, material, legal and procedural guarantees.
Competences of Public Administration of the Slovak Republic in the Area of Defense
Authors: Szynowski Ryszard
Published: February 2020

In one of the many definitions of public administration it was stated that it is the fulfillment of individual and collective needs of citizens, resulting from the co-existence of people in society, realized by the state and its dependent organs. One of the needs of an individual is the need for safety. Ensuring the safety of citizens is realized by the public administration, due to its service to the society as an executive apparatus possessing a democratic mandate of political power, in service of the law created by said organs. A particular role in the area of defense belongs to authoritative administration, which performs tasks including reversing
risks and removing dangers, including the realization of tasks and undertakings aimed at military preparation in case of war. The aim of the following article is to present the tasks and competences in the area of protecting the President, the government, government administration officials on duty and local self-administration of the Slovak Republic. Various methods have been used to reach the pre-determined goal, primarily the method of document investigation, which made it possible to gather, sort, describe and scientifically interpret the legal acts of the Slovak Republic regarding defensive matters.
Spanish Civil Protection System as a Part of European Union Emergency Response
Authors: Zwęgliński Tomasz , Cordero Manuel Rodriquez
Published: February 2020

European Union is a union of sovereign democratic countries which commonly agreed to integrate and, depending on the area, cooperate towards achieving better quality of life of European citizens. In the case of safety and security, since it is still national domain mainly, rather cooperation than integration aspect is prevailing. Since threats do not respect administrative borders it is the most important to do as much as possible for the cooperation improvement which, in fundamentals, could be done by knowing and understanding each other’s national civil protection and emergency response systems. Things are getting even more complicated if the object of scientific inquires in this respect is a country which is actually a federation of autonomous states as in the case of Spain or Germany. Then the national system as a matter of fact is being composed of a few or even several autonomous regional systems which are constituted and regulated on the regional level of the federation. This type
of situation results from the historical, political, geographical backgrounds and due to many more reasons, however, it is always good to put a question how such systems operate in case of emergency? In order to present a synthetic description of the Spanish civil protection and emergency response system scientific methods of cognition such as the critical analysis of legal acts and
normative documents as well as synthesis were used in the research. The study concluded with the future challenges for the system which should be undertaken to improve its efficiency.
Analysis of the Competitive Position of EU Countries in Foreign Trade with the Use of the CMS and Ward’s Methods
Authors: Salamaga Marcin
Published: February 2020

The purpose of the article is the multivariate analysis of export competitiveness in EU countries. It is based on the decomposition of changes in the exports of EU countries made using the model of Constant Market Share developed by Leamer and Stern (1970). The calculated effects of competitiveness, commodity composition, world trade and market distribution allow a detailed analysis of the sources of changes in export of compared countries, and in particular help to answer the question to what extent can changes in exports explain the global trade situation and to what extent do they result from proper proportion of market share, appropriate product assortment matching, or expansive exporter policy? In the comparative analysis there is used Ward's method, which allowed to indicate countries with the most similar competitive position in the spatial and commercial system in the field of goods with different shares of production factors. The presented results allow for a multidirectional comparison of the trade competitiveness of EU countries, as well as may be a source of important information on shaping the right proportions of participation and expansion of companies on foreign markets.
Level of Sustainable Development in Poland and EU Countries – Analysis with Cluster Stability Measures
Authors: Rozmus Dorota
Published: February 2020

In the context of taxonomy methods in recent years, a lot of attention is paid to the stability of these methods, i.e. the answer to the question to what extent the structure discovered by a given method is actually present in the data? Many different ways of measuring stability have been proposed in the literature, which are mainly relating to the stability of the final grouping result. Lord et al. (2017) instead proposed a measure of stability for each observation from the data set and the measure of stability for individual groups. In their article, they suggest that an individual measure of stability may indicate noisy observation whereas the stability measure relating to particular groups may indicate clusters of noise which should be removed from the dataset. The aim of the paper is to apply the proposed individual measure of stability and a measure of stability for individual groups to answer the question to what extent Poland is matched the EU in terms of the level of sustainable development.
Effektuale Salutogenese
Authors: Birkner Stephanie
Published: February 2020

Interessanterweise finden sich im Kontext von Gesundheit als auch von Entrepreneurship Denk- und Handlungszugänge, die erstaunliche Parallelen in dem Streben nach Möglichkeitssinn aufweisen. Es handelt sich hierbei um die Sichtweise der Salutogenese (Gesundheit) und der Effektuation (Entrepreneurship). Der Beitrag stellt die den beiden Sichtweisen zugrundeliegenden Denklogiken überblicksartig gegenüber und diskutiert den Erklärungsbeitrag, den beide Ansätze für den Umgang mit Konflikten eröffnen. Unter dem Stichwort der effektualen Salutogenese werden Implikationen für ein Selbstverständnis der Konfliktbegleitung entworfen, das Möglichkeitssinn in den Fokus ihrer Denk- und Handlungsweisen stellt.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Concise Review
Authors: Mohanty Swaraj , Baliyarsingh Bighneswar , Kumar Nayak Suraja
Published: February 2020

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the common species responsible for an array of diseases in the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, bones, joints and different systemic infections of normal and immunocompromised patients as well. It exhibits resistance to a wide variety of antimicrobial agents and expresses diverse molecular epidemiology to various established classes of antibiotics including β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, tetracycline and aminoglycosides. Despite the low permeability, hydrophilicity and nonspecific behavior of the outer membrane to small molecular transport, it is inadequate to explain the degree of resistance in P. aeruginosa. The resistance mechanism of P. aeruginosa against various chemical agents is due to the complex chromosomally encoded genes. Different strains ofP. aeruginosa having the inherent capacity for biofilm formation, further boosts the resistance under various environmental factors. This chapter explains pathogenicity, mode and types of resistance of P. aeruginosa, its impact on the economy and available remediation/reduction measures and treatments.
COPD Pharmacological Management Update
Authors: Frent Stefan-Marian
Published: February 2020

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although it is considered both preventable and treatable, COPD still represents an important public health challenge. The classes of pharmacological agents widely used for the maintenance treatment are bronchodilators (SABA, SAMA, LABA, LAMA) and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). While it is largely accepted that inhaled bronchodilators, which are effective and well tolerated in patients with stable disease, are the cornerstone of the pharmacological management of COPD, there is an ongoing debate regarding the role of inhaled corticosteroids. This is also reflected in the last versions of the GOLD recommendations, which suffered dramatic changes in the recent years. The trend for personalized medicine led to the search for biomarkers which could guide the therapeutic decisions. Recent studies demonstrated that blood eosinophils can reasonably predict the ICS relative efficacy in preventing COPD exacerbations and thus could inform the disease management.
EPISTEMIC STANCE IN THE KAVANAUGH CONFIRMATION HEARING: FOCUS ON MENTAL AND COMMUNICATION VERBS
Authors: Szczyrbak Magdalena
Published: February 2020

This article reports on a study into the use of a subset of stance markers in the Kavanaugh confirmation hearing, and it reveals how the choice of these markers is affected by the speakers’ interactional roles and communicative purposes. It looks in particular at the ways the Supreme Court nominee and his accuser deploy “Believing” mental verbs (think, believe, understand) and common communication verbs (say, tell, talk) to orient themselves to the epistemic domain. The investigation also demonstrates how the questioners, i.e. the Senators and the prosecutor, manifest their attitudes. In sum, the analysis suggests that Judge Kavanaugh prefers external domains of reference (communication verbs) whereas Christine B. Ford favours internal domains of reference (mental verbs). In this way, rational and credibility appeals (logos and ethos) are juxtaposed with affective appeals (pathos). Consequently, it is posited, patterns with mental and communication verbs determine the degree of certainty projected by the testifying parties.
INNOVATIONS: A student assistant program for the Nineties
Authors: Fuller F. Jay
Published: February 2020

INNOVATIONS: A student assistant program for the Nineties
ALA candidates on ACRL
Authors: Library Association American
Published: February 2020

ALA candidates on ACRL
Letters
Authors: Morris Leslie R. , Lobsien Bessie Siemens
Published: February 2020

Letters
Suivi de la qualité bactériologique des eaux de surface du Maroc oriental
Authors: Derfoufi Hind , Belbachir Chaouki , Legssyer Mounir , Legssyer Bouchra
Published: February 2020

L’oued de la Moulouya et ses affluents demeurent les principales ressources en eau pour irriguer les champs agricoles avoisinants de la région de Berkane qui représentent l’activité principale de cette région. L’évaluation de la qualité des eaux de ces ressources s’avère une nécessité pour maintenir leur bon fonctionnement et par la suite assurer un bon rendement des produits agricoles. Pour ce faire, un suivi mensuel de prélèvements des eaux a été réalisé dans l’oued de la Moulouya et son affluent Zegzel-Cherâa durant une année de décembre 2015 à novembre 2016. Ces prélèvements ont fait l’objet d’analyses bactériologiques selon les protocoles décrits par les normes marocaines ISO et les recommandations de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS). Les analyses bactériologiques ont montré que l’oued de Cherâa est soumis à une forte pollution d’origine humaine et animale, avec une prédominance de la source humaine. En effet, la charge bactérienne (coliformes totaux [CT], coliformes fécaux [CF], Escherichia coli [EC], streptocoques fécaux [SF], etc.) est supérieure aux normes marocaines du Secrétariat d’État auprès du ministère de l’Énergie, des Mines, de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (SEEE, 2007) indiquant ainsi que les eaux sont de mauvaise qualité. L’analyse explicative (ACPn) réalisée sur les variables étudiées a permis de mettre en évidence un gradient de pollution pour l’oued Cherâa et a également fait ressortir l’automne comme la saison la plus chargée en bactéries indicatrices de pollution. L’abondance de ces microorganismes dans les cours d’eau traduit la présence possible de bactéries pathogènes qui pourraient causer des maladies au sein de la population qui utilise ces eaux pour boire et pour l’irrigation. Les eaux de l’oued Cherâa sont impropres à la consommation.
More than Laboratories
Authors: Finnigan Gerard , Farkas Otto
Published: February 2020

When former Secretary General of the United Nations Ban Ki-moon encouraged the
humanitarian sector to innovate and create a new paradigm to respond to people
in crisis, the sector answered with an unbridled number of new enterprises and
laboratories to create tools, products and new initiatives. As these emerged, so
did the reality of the changing complexity of communities in need of
humanitarian assistance. The deterioration of the natural physical environment,
along with burgeoning population dynamics and threats to humanitarian workers
themselves, has tipped the balance of complexity beyond the capability of the
system to respond effectively. The humanitarian sector as a whole must urgently
commit to reconciling four critical challenges to reinvent itself and its
effectiveness: reconciling the meaning of innovation; developing an overarching
strategy that addresses the radically changing global context in which
communities require assistance; agreeing on an integrated structure to deliver
innovation; and addressing how innovation is financed. Unless the sector
addresses these four elements, the action and effect of innovation will fail to
realise the transformational change necessary, to respond to communities in
crisis now and in the future.
Making Wearables in Aid
Authors: Sandvik Kristin Bergtora
Published: February 2020

This is an initial exploration of an emergent type of humanitarian goods –
wearables for tracking and protecting the health, safety and nutrition of aid
recipients. Examining the constitutive process of ‘humanitarian
wearables’, the article reflects on the ambiguous position of digital
humanitarian goods developed at the interface of emergency response contexts,
the digitisation of beneficiary bodies and the rise of data and private-sector
involvement in humanitarian aid. The article offers a set of contextual
framings: first, it describes the proliferation and capabilities of various
tracking devices across societal domains; second, it gives a brief account of
the history of wristbands in refugee management and child nutrition; third, an
inventory is given of prototype products and their proposed uses in aid. It is
argued that what needs to be understood is that, in ‘the making’
of humanitarian wearables, the product is the data produced by digitised
beneficiary bodies, not the wearables themselves.
Mechanisms of chromosome biorientation and bipolar spindle assembly analyzed by computational modeling
Authors: Edelmaier Christopher , Lamson Adam R , Gergely Zachary R , Ansari Saad , Blackwell Robert , McIntosh J Richard , Glaser Matthew A , Betterton Meredith D
Published: February 2020

The essential functions required for mitotic spindle assembly and chromosome biorientation and segregation are not fully understood, despite extensive study. To illuminate the combinations of ingredients most important to align and segregate chromosomes and simultaneously assemble a bipolar spindle, we developed a computational model of fission-yeast mitosis. Robust chromosome biorientation requires progressive restriction of attachment geometry, destabilization of misaligned attachments, and attachment force dependence. Large spindle length fluctuations can occur when the kinetochore-microtubule attachment lifetime is long. The primary spindle force generators are kinesin-5 motors and crosslinkers in early mitosis, while interkinetochore stretch becomes important after biorientation. The same mechanisms that contribute to persistent biorientation lead to segregation of chromosomes to the poles after anaphase onset. This model therefore provides a framework to interrogate key requirements for robust chromosome biorientation, spindle length regulation, and force generation in the spindle.
Regulation of mRNA translation by a photoriboswitch
Authors: Rotstan Kelly A , Abdelsayed Michael M , Passalacqua Luiz FM , Chizzolini Fabio , Sudarshan Kasireddy , Chamberlin A Richard , Míšek Jiří , Luptak Andrej
Published: February 2020

Optogenetic tools have revolutionized the study of receptor-mediated processes, but such tools are lacking for RNA-controlled systems. In particular, light-activated regulatory RNAs are needed for spatiotemporal control of gene expression. To fill this gap, we used in vitro selection to isolate a novel riboswitch that selectively binds the trans isoform of a stiff-stilbene (amino-tSS)–a rapidly and reversibly photoisomerizing small molecule. Structural probing revealed that the RNA binds amino-tSS about 100-times stronger than the cis photoisoform (amino-cSS). In vitro and in vivo functional analysis showed that the riboswitch, termed Werewolf-1 (Were-1), inhibits translation of a downstream open reading frame when bound to amino-tSS. Photoisomerization of the ligand with a sub-millisecond pulse of light induced the protein expression. In contrast, amino-cSS supported protein expression, which was inhibited upon photoisomerization to amino-tSS. Reversible photoregulation of gene expression using a genetically encoded RNA will likely facilitate high-resolution spatiotemporal analysis of complex RNA processes.
The speed of GTP hydrolysis determines GTP cap size and controls microtubule stability
Authors: Roostalu Johanna , Thomas Claire , Cade Nicholas Ian , Kunzelmann Simone , Taylor Ian A , Surrey Thomas
Published: February 2020

Microtubules are cytoskeletal polymers whose function depends on their property to switch between states of growth and shrinkage. Growing microtubules are thought to be stabilized by a GTP cap at their ends. The nature of this cap, however, is still poorly understood. End Binding proteins (EBs) recruit a diverse range of regulators of microtubule function to growing microtubule ends. Whether the EB binding region is identical to the GTP cap is unclear. Using mutated human tubulin with blocked GTP hydrolysis, we demonstrate that EBs bind with high affinity to the GTP conformation of microtubules. Slowing-down GTP hydrolysis leads to extended GTP caps. We find that cap length determines microtubule stability and that the microtubule conformation changes gradually in the cap as GTP is hydrolyzed. These results demonstrate the critical importance of the kinetics of GTP hydrolysis for microtubule stability and establish that the GTP cap coincides with the EB-binding region.