bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chloroquine and Lopinavir (COVID-19 Drug Candidates) Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange
Authors: Jeong HyeJin , Min Sein , Chae Heelim , Kim Sara , Lee Gunwoo , Namgoong Sung Keon , Jeong Keunhong
Published: April 2020

To overcome the recent coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), several drug candidates are suggested and tested for the latest clinical treatment. Chloroquine and lopinavir are showing definite effects after treatment. To understand more about those roles in molecular level and future application on NMR/MRI, hyperpolarization technique can open new opportunities in the diagnosis and biomedical researches to cope with COVID-19. SABRE-based hyperpolarization studies on those two drug candidates are carried out and we observed hyperpolarized proton signals from the whole structures, which can be possible by unprecedented long-distance polarization transfer by para-hydrogen. Base on this result, future work on isotope labeling, and further polarization transfer on long T1 time nuclei including clinical perspectives will open a new door for overcoming this dreadful catastrophe.
Synthesis of an Oxathiolane Drug Substance Intermediate Guided by Constraint Driven Innovation
Authors: Kashinath Komirishetty , Snead David , Burns Justina , Stringham Rodger W. , Gupton B. Frank , McQuade D. Tyler
Published: April 2020

A new route was developed for construction of the oxathiolane intermediate used in the synthesis of lamivudine (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC). We developed the presented route by constraining ourselves to low cost, widely available starting materials – we refer to this as supply centered synthesis. Sulfenyl chloride chemistry was used to construct the framework for the oxathiolane from acyclic precurors. This bond construction choice enabled the use of chloroacetic acid, vinyl acetate, sodium thiosulfate and water to produce the oxathiolane.
Machine-Learning Coupled Cluster Properties through a Density Tensor Representation
Authors: Peyton Benjamin , Briggs Connor , D'Cunha Ruhee , Margraf Johannes T. , Crawford Thomas
Published: April 2020

The introduction of machine-learning (ML) algorithms to quantum mechanics enables rapid evaluation of otherwise intractable expressions at the cost of prior training on appropriate benchmarks. Many computational bottlenecks in the evaluation of accurate electronic structure theory could potentially benefit from the application of such models, from reducing the complexity of the underlying wave function parameter space to circumventing the complications of solving the electronic Schrödinger equation entirely. Applications of ML to electronic structure have thus far been focused on learning molecular properties (mainly the energy) from geometric representations. While this line of study has been quite successful, highly accurate models typically require a “big data” approach with thousands of train- ing data points. Herein, we propose a general, systematically improvable scheme for wave function-based ML of arbitrary molecular properties, inspired by the underlying equations that govern the canonical approach to computing the properties. To this end, we combine the established ML machinery of the t-amplitude tensor representation with a new reduced density matrix representation. The resulting model provides quantitative accuracy in both the electronic energy and dipoles of small molecules using only a few dozen training points per system.
Catalyst Control of Selectivity in the C–O Bond Alumination of Biomass Derived Furans
Authors: hooper Thomas N , Brown Ryan , Rekroukh Feriel , Garçon Martí , White Andrew J. P. , Costa Paulo J. , Crimmin Mark
Published: April 2020

Non-catalysed and catalysed reactions of aluminium reagents with furans, dihydrofurans and dihydropyrans were investigated and lead to the ring-expanded products due to the formal insertion of the aluminium reagent into a C–O bond of the heterocycle. Specifically, the reaction of [{(ArNCMe)2CH}Al] (Ar = 2,6-di-iso-propylphenyl, 1) with furan, 2-methylfuran, 2,3-dimethylfuran and 2-methoxyfuran proceeded between 25 and 80 ºC leading to ring-expanded and dearomatised products due to the net transformation of a sp2 C–O bond into a sp2 C–Al bond. The kinetics of the reaction of 1 with furan were found to be 1st order with respect to 1 with activation parameters ΔH‡ = +19.7 (± 2.7) kcal mol-1, ΔS‡ = –18.8 (± 7.8) cal K-1 mol-1 and ΔG‡298 K = +25.3 (± 0.5) kcal mol-1 and a KIE of 1.0 ± 0.1. DFT calculations support a stepwise mechanism involving an initial (4+1) cycloaddition of 1 with furan to form a bicyclic intermediate that rearranges by an a-migration. The selectivity of ring-expansion is influenced by factors that weaken the sp2 C–O bond through population of the s*-orbital. Inclusion of [Pd(PCy3)2] as a catalyst in these reactions results in expansion of the substrate scope to include 2,3-dihydrofurans and 3,4-dihydropyrans but also improves the selectivity. Under catalysed conditions, the C–O bond that breaks is that adjacent to C–H bond. The aluminium(III) dihydride reagent [{(MesNCMe)2CH}AlH2] (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, 2) can also be used under catalytic conditions to effect a dehydrogenative ring-expansion of furans. Further mechanistic analysis of the Pd-catalysed reaction of 1 with furan shows that C–O bond functionalisation occurs via an initial C–H bond alumination. Kinetic products can be isolated that are derived from installation of the aluminium reagent at the 2-position of the heterocycle. C–H alumination proceeds with a strong primary KIE of 4.8 ± 0.3 consistent with a turnover limiting step involving oxidative addition of the C–H bond to a palladium catalyst. Isomerisation of the kinetic C–H aluminated product to the thermodynamic C–O ring expansion product is an intramolecular process that is again catalysed by [Pd(PCy3)2]. DFT calculations suggest that the key C–O bond breaking step involves attack of an aluminium based metalloligand on the 2-palladated heterocycle. The new methodology has been applied to the upgrading of molecules derived from furfuraldehyde, an important platform chemical from biomass.
COVID 19: Effect on leading pharmaceutical stocks listed with NSE
Authors: Aravind M  , Manojkrishnan C G
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine how Covid 19 outbreak has affected leading pharmaceutical stocks listed with the National Stock Exchange of India. We have selected ten leading pharmaceutical companies listed with NSE, and the selection was purely based on the market capitalization of the companies. The general hypothecation of this study was the pharmaceutical stocks will move against the general market trend (contrarian effect). The study period was classified in to pre-crisis period and Covid 19 crisis period. The data consists of 123 daily price observations of the selected 10 pharmaceutical companies. The period of study is ranging from 3rd September 2019 to 28th February 2020. The results reported that momentum effect is persisting with pharmaceutical stocks as the pharmaceutical stocks are moving in accordance with the general benchmarking index. Only two companies, namely Aurobindo Pharma Ltd and Lupin Ltd reported with varied return trend during the study period. This study also signifies that companies like Sun Pharma, Cipla, Glenmark with strong brand reputation were seems to be sustaining in the crisis period in spite of the general falling market trend. This paper is strongly urge the need for backward integration and enhanced research and development activities to Indian Pharmaceutical sector for ensuring their sustainable long-run operations.
CITRA PEREMPUAN DALAM CERITA RAKYAT KERAJAAN MURSALA LEGENDA PUTRI RUNDUK
Authors: Husna Tiflatul
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) penggambaran tokoh perempuan, (2) perlakuan yang diterima tokoh perempuan dari tokoh laki-laki, dan (3) peran gender tokoh perempuan dalam cerita rakyat Kerajaan Mursala: Legenda Putri Runduk. Objek penelitian berupa cerita rakyat. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik baca berulang-ulang dan pencatatan. Teknik analisis data bersifat deskriftif. Temuan penelitian (1) penggambaran tokoh perempuan ditinjau dari tiga aspek yaitu aspek fisiologis, aspek sosiologis, dan aspek psikologis. (2) perlakuan yang diterima tokoh perempuan dari tokoh laki-laki berdampak pada tinggi atau rendahnya tokoh perempuan dalam pandangan masyarakat. (3) peran gender dalam penelitian ini terbagi dua yaitu peran domestik dan publik.
Analysis of The Effect Of The Addition of Fly Ash and Petrsoil on The Soil Shear Strength of The Swamp Area
Authors: . Indrayani Indrayani , Herius Andi , Saputra Daiyan , Fadi Al Muhammad
Published: April 2020

The existence of irrigation canals greatly supports the production of rice produced, where irrigation channels will be equipped with embankment to protect irrigation channels.  Existing soil must certainly be able to withstand shear strength to withstand embankment, while the soil in the South Sumatra region, especially the swamp area has a low shear power so it cannot hold back the shear strength from the embankment.  For this reason, it is necessary to research the shear strength of the soil in the swamp area by adding fly ash and petrasoil in order to get the effect of increasing the value of the soil shear strength in the swamp area. The tests consists of the seive analysis, index properties, atterberg limits, soil compaction, and shear strength testing, based on SNI and ASTM. Mixed variations consist of 5, namely: (i) soil + petrasoil; (ii) soil + 10% fly ash + petrasoil; (iii) soil + 15% fly ash + petrasoil; (iv) soil + 20% fly ash + petrasoil; (v) soil + 20% fly ash; all variations without ripening. The test results are obtained that addition of 10% fly ash + petrasoil could be increase the soil cohesion value that is 21.56 Kpa, while the variation of the addition of 20% fly ash + water was obtained the highest value of the shear angle, that is 32.31 Kpa.
Effect Of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Fraction In Reducing Total Blood Cholesterol Levels and Triglyceride in Mice (Mus muscullus L.)
Authors: Agustini Nurlaily , Setiawan Arum , Salni Salni
Published: April 2020

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) will be examined by looking at the ability between pomegranate extracts or fractions, which are more effective in lowering total blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels in mice. This study aims to determine the active pomegranate fraction that can reduce the total cholesterol levels and triglyceride in mice. The research method used was an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was divided into 6 treatment groups, and test animals divided into 6 treatment groups namely negative control given aquades, positive control fed a high-fat diet, given simvastatin, given 25 mg/grBB of pomegranate methanol fraction, given 50 mg/grBB of pomegranate methanol fraction, given 100 mg/grBB of pomegranate methanol fraction, each treatment group will be divided into 4 male mice.Based on the results of this study that the active fraction that has an effect in reducing blood cholesterol levels and mice triglycerides is the treatment given 100mg/grBB of pomegranate water methanol fraction.
Bio-hydrogen Production From Vinasse By Using Agent Fermentation Of Photosynthetic Bacteria Rhodobium marinum
Authors: Nusaibah Nusaibah - , Syamsu Khaswar - , Susilaningsih Dwi -
Published: April 2020

The aim of this research was to find out the effect of substrate concentrations (COD) of vinasse and the length of fermentation time to bio-hydrogen gas production using agent fermentation of photosynthetic bacteria, Rhodobium marinum. The production of bio-hydrogen was examined by varying COD of vinasse (10,000; 20,000; 30,000; 40,000; 50,000 mg COD/L) at certain fermentation time in the third, sixth and ninth day. The highest Hydrogen gas was obtained at ninth day of fermentation (82.66±18.6 mL). The highest Hydrogen Production Rate (HPR) and COD removal rate were obtained at concentration 50,000 mg COD/L, namely 109.98 mL H2/L/d and 1437.66 mg COD/L/d, respectively. Thus it can be concluded, the concentration of substrates (COD) from vinasse and the length of fermentation time have an effect on production of bio-hydrogen gas using Rhodobium marinum
Hotspot Distribution Analysis In East Kalimantan Province 2017-2019 to Support Forest and Land Fires Mitigation
Authors: Sari Nurwita Mustika , Rachmita Nurina , Manessa Masita Dwi Mandini
Published: April 2020

Forest and land fires that have occurred in the territory of East Kalimantan Province have caused immediate disaster to the area from year to year and become a global concern in recent years. Hotspots that potentially cause forest and land fires can be detected using satellites such as NOAA-20. The purposes of this study are to analyze the distribution pattern of hotspots in East Kalimantan Province during 2017-2019, identify areas with the highest risk of fires caused by the high intensity of hotspot. The method used in this study is the Nearest Neighbor Analysis and Kernel Density Estimation analysis. The results showed that the distribution pattern of hotspots in East Kalimantan Province during 2017-2019 was clustered with the highest intensity of hotspots were in Berau, East Kutai and Kutai Kartanegara Districts. And from the result of the analysis, the highest number of days has a peak hotspots on September each year.

Keywords: forest and land fires, hotspots, Nearest Neighbor, Kernel Density Estimation
PENGARUH PERSEPSI SISWA TENTANG PROSES PEMBELAJARAN GURU PPL TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SD NEGERI SUDIRMAN 1 MAKASSAR
Authors: Rivai Immawati Nur Aisyah , Mana Rivai
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) gambaran umum persepsi siswa tentang proses pembelajaranguru PPL di SD Negeri Sudirman 1 Makassar, (2) motivasi belajar siswa di SD Negeri SudirmanMakassar, dan (3) ada tidaknya pengaruh persepsi siswa tentang proses pembelajaran guru PPL terhadapmotivasi belajar siswa di SD Negeri Sudirman 1 Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan deskripsi kuantitatifdengan populasi adalah seluruh siswa SD Negeri Sudirman 1 Makassar. Pengambilan sampel denganteknik purposive random sampling dan terpilih kelas IV a dan IV b. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan caraobservasi dan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik dan analisis deskriptifdan analisis inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) persepsi siswa tentang prosespembelajaran guru PPL tergolong “cukup baik”, dari aspek keterampilan membuka pelajaran,keterampilan menjelaskan, keterampilan mengadakan variasi dalam pengajaran, keterampilan mengelolah,dan keterampilan menutup pembelajaran yang dapat mempengaruhi motivasi belajar. Sedangkan hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa (2) motivasi pada siswa SD Negeri Sudirman 1 Makassar tergolong “cukuptinggi”, dalam hal ini didukung oleh beberapa aspek yakni adanya hasrat dan keinginan berhasil, adanyahukuman, adanya kegiatan yang menarik dalam belajar, adanya pujian, dan adanya persaingan ataukompetensi dalam belajar. (3) Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dansignifikan dari persepsi siswa tentang proses pembelajaran guru PPL terhadap motivasi belajar siswa di SDNegeri Sudirman1 Makassar.
The Judge in an Evolving Society
Authors: Cooke Robin
Published: April 2020

In this address, given to Judges and Judicial Officers of the High Court of Hong Kong on 17 December 1997, Lord Cooke speaks of the development of a common law of the world with particular reference to the Basic Law of Hong Kong.
L'Union Europeenne et la Zeon du Pacifique
Authors: André Sylvie
Published: April 2020

L'Union européenne est présente, sous des formes diverses, dans la région Pacifique. Au-delÃ  du cadre de sa politique commerciale extérieure, elle a des accords d'association avec un certain nombre de territoires insulaires. Ainsi, parmi les 20 pays et territoires d'outre-mer (PTOM) énumérés dans l'annexe I de la décision 91/482/CEE du Conseil du 25 juillet 1991, relative Ã  l'association des pays et territoires d'outre-mer Ã  la Communauté économique européenne , cinq sont situés dans la zone Pacifique : quatre territoires français, Polynésie française, Nouvelle Calédonie et ses dépendances, Ã®les Wallis et Futuna, terres australes et antarctiques françaises et une colonie britannique, Pitcairn. Huit pays ACP ("Afrique, CaraÃ¯bes, Pacifique") appartiennent Ã  la mÃªme zone géographique: Fidji, Kiribati, Papouasie Nouvelle Guinée, Ã®les Salomon, Samoa occidentales, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu. Ces pays ont donc noué des relations d'association avec l'Union européenne dans le cadre des conventions de Lomé.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) APPROACH VIEWED FROM THE STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL CREATIVE THINKING ABILITY
Authors: Masitoh Lisda Fitriana
Published: April 2020

Generally, mathematical competence equips students with logical thinking ability. On the other hand, the mathematical competence is expected to equip students with creative thinking ability. Creative thinking ability is used when a person faces a problem or challenge. Nowadays, there has been a lot of developing approaches that can be used to create ideal learning condition to achieve the learning goals, including improving the mathematical creative thinking ability. One of approaches that can be used is Problem Based Learning (PBL). The purpose of this research was to describe the effectiveness of PBL approach in terms of mathematical creative thinking ability. This was a quasi-experimental reseach. A control class used the conventional approach. The results showed that Problem Based Learning (PBL) was an effective appoach viewed from the mathematical creative thinking ability. Meanwhile, the control class was not effective.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BLENDED LEARNING PADA MATA KULIAH LOGIKA DAN PENALARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Hartono Hartono
Published: April 2020

This study aims to determine the application of the learning model of blended learning in the subjects of Mathematical Logic and Reasoning. Specific objectives are Mathematics learning achievement after the learning model of blended learning was applied in the subjects of Mathematical Logic and Reasoning and the magnitude of the increase in mathematics learning achievement after the learning model of blended learning was applied in the subjects of Logic and Mathematical Reasoning. The research method used was experimental research with a pre-experimental design and one group pretest-posttest design. The results of this research are the application of learning model of blended learning in the subject of mathematical logic and reasoning giving an increase in student learning achievement. It can be concluded that student learning achievement before being given the learning model of blended learning is classified as less, namely 52. Student achievement after being given the learning model of blended learning is good, namely 72 The results of hypothesis testing also obtained an increase in student learning achievement after being given a model of blended learning in the subjects of mathematical logic and reasoning and increasing student learning achievement after being given a model of blended learning in the material of mathematical logic and reasoning of 1.132 which is high.
ANALISIS KESULITAN MAHASISWA DALAM PENYUSUNAN PROPOSAL PENELITIAN PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Daniel Farida , Taneo Prida N. L.
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk menganalisis jenis kesulitan dan faktor-faktor penyebab kesulitan mahasiswa dalam menyusun proposal penelitian pendidikan matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika STKIP Soe yang mengambil matakuliah seminar proposal sejumlah 21 orang. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data mengikuti model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis-jenis kesulitan mahasiswa dalam menyusun proposal penelitian pendidikan matematika adalah kesulitan dalam menuangkan ide ke dalam bentuk tulisan ilmiah, membuat latar belakang masalah, mencari literatur/bahan pustaka, mengkaji keterkaitan teori yang digunakan menentukan metodologi penelitian serta membagi waktu kuliah dengan penyusunan proposal penelitian. Faktor-faktor penyebab kesulitan tersebut berupa faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal meliputi masih rendahnya kemampuan mahasiswa dalam memahami setiap konten dalam proposal penelitian, masih terdapat mahasiswa yang belum memiliki komputer atau laptop sendiri serta beberapa mahasiswa kurang termotivasi dalam menyelesaikan proposal penelitiannya. Faktor eksternal meliputi terdapat mahasiswa yang terlibat dalam kegiatan sosial maupun kerohanian di lingkungan rumahnya, mahasiswa yang sudah berkeluarga sulit berkonsentrasi karena gangguan dari keluarganya serta kesibukan mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan berbagai tugas di rumah karena tinggal bersama pengampuh/orang tua wali.
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PHENOMENA “AESTHETIC COMPETENCE OF PERSONALITY”
Authors: Karam А.
Published: April 2020

In the article it is revealed the essence of interpretation of the phenomenon of «aesthetic competence» from the point of view of philosophy, psychology, pedagogy, sociology, and cultural studies. Emphasis is placed on the interconnection of synonymous terms «readiness» and «preparedness»: «readiness» is a concept broader than competence and preparedness, which may be single, fragmented, that is, not to provide the full capacity to perform the functions of an activity. The essence of the outlined phenomenon is analyzed through its separate concepts, taking into account their relation: «aesthetic competence» with the concepts «competence», aesthetics «. Artistic and aesthetic competence is defined as a system of internal means of regulation of artistic and aesthetic actions, which includes artistic and aesthetic knowledge, social guidelines, skills and experience, aesthetic orientation, based on knowledge and sensory experience, free possession of artistic and aesthetic means and perception of artistic and aesthetic situation. The essence and features of aesthetic competence are revealed. The modern approaches to defining the concept of «aesthetic competence» are highlighted. The components of aesthetic competence are revealed. Specific features and factors influencing the development of aesthetic competence are highlighted. In conclusion, it is noted that the concept under study, aesthetic competence, should be differentiated into such varieties as aesthetic and artistic competence, while each of them, for a particular artistic profession, will at the same time have a general and specific meaning.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ACCOMMODATION OF PERSONS WITH PSYCHOSOMATIC DISEASES
Authors: Klebays Т. , Dets О.
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to a comparative study of the attitudes of healthy individuals and individuals with psychosomatic disorders. In the process of research, a theoretical model was created “Features of the attitudes of individuals with psychosomatics”. As a result of an empirical study, it was found that in the sample of healthy individuals and people with psychosomatosis there are significant differences in formation and beliefs. Particularly pronounced were the differences between the samples according to their propensity for catastrophization and frustration tolerance, perception of justice, controllability of the world, randomness as a principle of distribution of events.

It was revealed that people with psychosomatoses are more likely to consider the world unfair than healthy ones, events are random, uncontrollable, therefore they often present their development in the future as a catastrophe and have reduced stress resistance.

There was also some difference in the perception of duties on their own and on others.
Gambaran Komitmen Organisasi pada Mahasiswa yang Aktif di Lembaga Kemahasiswaan, Pekerjaan Paruh Waktu, dan Perkuliahan
Authors: Anggraini Rosa Dyah , Arianti Rudangta
Published: April 2020

This study aims to see a picture of commitment to students who are active in three main areas, namely lectures, student organizations, and part-time work. Although experience and success in all three can increase the chances of success in the world of work, but very few students are able to live it simultaneously well. The method used was a case study involving one male and one female participant. The results showed that affective, normative, and continuity commitment contributed to the loyalty and performance of both participants in the three areas. Their commitment is also influenced by the goals to be achieved, priority goals, perceptions of leadership and support from colleagues in the team.

Keywords: organizational commitment, student organizations, work part time
Pelatihan Self-Efficacy Diet Kalori untuk Meningkatkan Perceived Behavioral Control sebagai Determinan Intensi Diet Kalori pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II
Authors: Pratiknyo Kristania Ruth , Kartikawati Ida Ayu Nyoman , Ginting Henndy
Published: April 2020

Abstract

This research intends to see the calorie intentions increasing with type II diabetes patients in Clinic "X" Bandung, after being given self-efficacy training of calorie diet. Theory and questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 2005) and general self-efficacy (Schwarzer 1995). Analyzed data using a mixed-method in which combining quantitative and qualitative data (Creswell, 2016). Test the validity PBC of calorie diet and self-efficacy of calorie diets is done using content validity. The results are that after participating in self-efficacy training of calorie diet patients with type II DM at Clinic "X" Bandung showed an increase of the calorie diet PBC. Theoretical suggestion for subsequent research is to increase the number of research subjects so that the data obtained can be calculated statistically and it can show the significance of increased PBC of calorie diets in patients with type II DM at Clinic "X" Bandung. Doctors and nurses at Clinic"X" Bandung can use this training to help other DM patients so they can have self-efficacy in the calorie diet so that it can increase PBC to carry out diet calorie.

Keywords: perceived behavior control (PBC), self-efficacy, calorie diet, DM type II
A STUDY ON THE PERCEPTION OF YOUTH TOWARDS FAST FOOD
Authors: Nair Dr. Veni , Das Dr. Sarit Prava
Published: April 2020

The latest socio-cultural shift we are witnessing is the increasing demand towards healthy eating. This is largely due to increased media exposure and awareness of the hazards of junk food. Youth nowadays is looking for healthy substitutes which exhibits a change in eating habits. This study tries to find out the change in perception of youth towards healthy eating , as it is always assumed that youth prefer junk food.

Our research focuses on identifying the correlation between demographic profiles and perception towards healthy eating habits. It further studies the relationship between perception of healthy eating habits and consumption of soft drinks, instant noodles and fast food. A sample of 200 respondents between the age group 18-35 years were taken for the study.  Three top of the mind brands - Maggi, McDonald’s, and Pepsi were taken for the study. Statistical tools were used to analyze the collected data. Bivariate statistical tools were used to analyze data and the findings suggested that there is a direct correlation between perception of healthy eating habits and consumption of Maggie, McDonald’s and Pepsi.
INTENSIFICATION CAPACITY DEFENSIVE OF LAGENARIA SICERARIA (MOLINA) STANDLEY (CUCURBITACEAE) SENSITIVE ACCESSIONS TO INSECT PESTS BY THE PROVISION OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER
Authors: ANZARA K. G. , GORE B. B. N. , Fouha B. N. D. , KOFFI K. K. , BAUDOIN J-P , ZORO B. I. A.
Published: April 2020

Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley is cultivated mainly for its oil-rich seeds and high nutrition value. It represents a potential source of additional income to rural women who are the main producers. However, production of L. siceraria is characterized by low yields, mainly due to beetle foliar damage. The evaluation of foliar damage on different accessions was based on Proportion of Damage Foliar (PDF) and Severity of Damage (SeDa). Of all accessions, only NI431 had were a proportion of leaves destroyed below 50%. Leaf surface damage for this accession was less than 25%. In contrast, NI227, NI219 and NI180 were characterized by more than 80% of the attacked leaves. In the following investigations, the effect of the organic manure based on beef droppings on the intensity of the foliar damage on NI431 and NI227 accessions was realized. The use of cattle droppings significantly reduced the number of leaves destroyed and the extent of damage in the NI227. Beef droppings also improved the yield of the plants of NI227. The difference in yield for NI227 between the two treatments (fertilized and unfertilized) was 33.53%. These results showed that it is possible to improve the productivity of NI227 through the use of organic manure. In contrast to NI227, Severity of the Damage was the same for both NI431 accession treatments (fertilized and unfertilized). This result showed that NI431 accession would be tolerant of insect pest and that this tolerance is related to genetic and non-nutritional factors of the soil.
Estimasi Cadangan Karbon Biomassa di Atas Permukaan pada Tegakan Mangrove Menggunakan Pengindraan Jauh di Tongke-Tongke, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Husna Vina Nurul
Published: April 2020

Mangrove is one of the most intensive carbon sinks and plays a major role in the carbon cycle. However, the existence of mangrove is decreasing due to land use change that are not in accordance with its allocation, and disrupt the carbon cycle in the ecosystem. This study aims to estimate mangrove carbon stock using remote sensing technique in Tongke-tongke, South Sulawesi. Estimation using remote sensing usually has a low accuracy, therefore this research use multispectral (Landsat) and radar (PALSAR) sensor to increase the accuracy. Total carbon stocks in the study area based on model built for HH and HV polarization were 5662.85 ton and 6431.46 ton, respectively.
AVALIAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA, MICROBIOLÓGICA E SENSORIAL DE CHIPS DE BANANA VERDE (Musa spp.)
Authors: Santos Marcio Ramatiz Lima , Souza Patrick Bruno de
Published: April 2020

A banana verde apresenta muitos atributos nutricionais e tecnológicos e o Brasil é um importante produtor e exportador. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver uma banana verde com e sem casca frita em três diferentes óleos. A banana verde é rica em minerais, apresenta baixos níveis de açúcares e altos níveis de amido resistente, que atuam como fibras no intestino, melhorando a digestão e contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da microbiota. Foram preparados seis tratamentos com chips de banana verde, sendo dois tratamentos com casca e descascados fritos em três óleos diferentes (óleo de soja, óleo hidrogenado e óleo de girassol). As amostras foram analisadas para determinar a composição físico-química (pH, acidez titulável, umidade e cinzas), a contaminação microbiológica por coliformes totais e coliformes termotolerantes e análises sensoriais para verificar a aceitação (textura, aroma, cor, sabor e aspecto global). Os resultados foram submetidos à ANOVA e Teste de Tukey para verificar a interação entre as médias de 5% de significância no software Assistat©. Os resultados da análise microbiológica foram negativos para todos os tratamentos, mostrando que as boas práticas de fabricação foram bem realizadas. Nas análises físico-químicas, observou-se um aumento do nível de umidade para os tratamentos com casca em comparação com as amostras sem casca. Os valores de pH apresentaram-se maiores nas amostras com casca e consequentemente menor acidez. Efeito semelhante foi observado na acidez titulável, onde os tratamentos sem casca apresentaram menores valores de acidez total. Para os teores de cinzas, observou-se que os tratamentos com casca apresentaram níveis superiores aos descascados. Os tratamentos com todos os chips de banana verde apresentaram boa aceitação, variando entre 62,22 e 81,33%. Observou-se maior aceitação pelos tratamentos com óleo hidrogenado, principalmente devido às características de crocância e menor aceitação pelos tratamentos com óleo de girassol. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os tratamentos de chips de banana verde têm potencial tecnológico, apresentam boa aceitação e estão de acordo com a legislação brasileira.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Amido resistente; Alimento Funcional; Fruticultura; Bananeira.
THE MISUSE OF SYNTAX ALTERATION FOR GEE AND ANOVA POST-HOC ANALYSES IN SPSS
Authors: Nunes João Pedro , Frigoli Giovanna F.
Published: April 2020

The online support of IBM SPSS proposes that users alter the syntax when performing post-hoc analyses for interaction effects of ANOVA tests. Other authors also suggest altering the syntax when performing GEE analyses. This being done, the number of possible comparisons (k value) is also altered, therefore influencing the results from statistical tests that k is a component of the formula, such as repeated measures-ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc of ANOVA and GEE. This alteration also exacerbates type I error, producing erroneous results and conferring potential misinterpretations of data. Reasoning from this, the purpose of this paper is to report the misuse and improper handling of syntax for ANOVAs and GEE post-hoc analyses in SPSS and to illustrate its consequences on statistical results and data interpretation.
Inclusão na educação superior
Authors: Oliveira Maria Auxileide da Silva
Published: April 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar a atuação do Núcleo de Acessibilidade e Inclusão (NAI) para a permanência dos estudantes com deficiência na Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC). O estudo consistiu em uma pesquisa de natureza quanti-qualitativa, foi utilizado como método a análise documental e exploratória. Fizeram parte como sujeitos da pesquisa, o coordenador e profissionais do NAI. Como procedimento de coleta de informações foram analisados documentos do NAI sobre os estudantes com deficiência da UFAC, bem como, informações sobre a sua atuação para a inclusão desse público. Também, foi utilizada a entrevista aberta, com o coordenador em exercício do NAI. Como procedimento de análise das informações, os documentos foram organizados em três categorias: a estrutura de funcionamento do NAI; os estudantes com deficiência da UFAC e as ações desenvolvidas pelo NAI para os estudantes com deficiência. Os resultados evidenciaram, entre outros aspectos, que apesar do importante trabalho realizado pelo NAI para a inclusão do estudante com deficiência da UFAC, muito ainda precisa ser feito para que esses estudantes tenham a efetivação de seus direitos e a minimização de obstáculos nas condições plenas de participação e aprendizagem, para que dessa forma, possa aumentar as taxas de sucesso acadêmico desses sujeitos.
Um olhar sobre a contribuição da escola no processo de formação social e na construção da cidadania dos alunos
Authors: Abdulmassih Marilia Beatriz Ferreira , Santos Ana Flávia Marques
Published: April 2020

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a contribuição dos professores e de uma escola pública da rede estadual de ensino na formação social e cidadã dos alunos do Ensino Fundamental, na cidade de Ituiutaba - MG. Para efetivação deste e em conformidade com os objetivos propostos, optou-se pelos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos de uma pesquisa qualitativa, sustentada nos estudos de Bodgan e Biklen (1991) Minayo (2010) e Chizzotti (2008; 2011).  Como estratégia de coleta de dados, utilizou-se a análise documental, por meio do Projeto Político-Pedagógico e o Regimento da escola, um questionário composto por dez questões abertas aplicado para vinte professoras que quiseram participar da pesquisa, e à equipe gestora. Foi realizada também uma roda de conversa com os alunos do 9° ano do Ensino Fundamental. Pretendeu-se neste estudo, promover uma compreensão sobre como a escola pode contribuir para a formação da cidadania dos alunos em múltiplas dimensões. Muitos impasses são notados em relação ao compromisso da escola e dos professores com a formação social ou as práticas cidadãs contextualizadas no interior do cotidiano escolar. Podemos considerar que a escola sozinha não está preparada para formar alunos atuantes e críticos em uma sociedade injusta e desigual, este é um trabalho coletivo, que deve ser desenvolvido também pela família, pela sociedade, pelas políticas públicas e pelos governantes, num compromisso pelo bem comum. Só assim seremos capazes de formar cidadãos críticos, conscientes, pensantes, capazes de mudar os rumos da sociedade e conduzir os caminhos da humanidade.
Risk factors and complications of small for gestational age (SGA) in term newborns in first 24 hours after delivery.
Authors: Joiya Samia Jabeen , Khan Muhammad Azam , Ahmad Zahid
Published: April 2020

Objectives: To determine the frequency of risk factors and acute complications for SGA in term new borns during first 24 hours after delivery. Study Design: Descriptive Case Series. Setting: Department of Pediatric Medicine, Nishter Hospital, Multan. Period: 15 Aug 2014 to 30 Apr 2015. Material & Methods: A total of 157 term babies, delivered in labor room in Nishter hospital Multan were evaluated in 24 hours of birth. Mother of each SGA baby was examined regarding history, clinical examination and nutritional status were noted. SGA babies were completely monitored for 24 hours in the department of pediatric medicine for complications. Results: There were 88 (56.1%) male and 69 (43.9%) female. Mean age and weight of the patients at the time of presentation were 12.73 + 6.65 hours and 2.03 + 0.65 Kg respectively. Among mothers, 61.1% were nulliparous, anemia was found in 47.8%, inter pregnancy intervals of less than or equal to one year in 58.6% and hypertension in 61.8%. Among SGA babies, perinatal asphyxia was found to be present in 63.7%, meconium aspiration in 51%, hypothermia in 37.6%, hypoglycemia in 24.2%, hypocalcaemia in 32.5%, polycythemia in 47.1% and thrombocytopenia in 41.4%. Conclusion: Maternal hypertension, nulliparity, short inter pregnancy interval and anemia were frequently encountered risk factors for SGA babies. The most frequently encountered perinatal complications observed were perinatal asphyxia, meconium aspiration, polycythemia, thrombocytopenia, hypothermia, hypocalcaemia and hypoglycemia in decreasing order of frequency.
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of papanicoloau (PAP) Smear and visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA) in screening of cervical carcinoma, taking biopsy as gold standard.
Authors: Yasmin Shakila , Munir Tahira , Javaid Ayesha , Yasin Khalid Fahim , Hassan Junaid
Published: April 2020

Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: 05 August 2016 to 05 Feb 2017. Material & Methods: A total of 228 suspected patients of cervical carcinoma and age of 20-50 years were included. Patients with acute cervicitis, pregnant females, h/o abnormal cytology and obvious lesion on cervix were excluded. All the patients were underwent papanicoloau (PAP) smear and visual inspection using acetic acid. The results of papanicoloau (PAP) smear and visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA) were compared with cervical biopsy report. Results: In 110 papanicoloau (PAP) smear positive patients, 97 were True Positive and 13 were False Positive. Among, 118 papanicoloau (PAP) smear negative patients, 18 were False Negative whereas 100 were True Negative. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of papanicoloau ( PAP )smear in screening of cervical carcinoma was 84.35%, 88.50%, 88.18%, 84.75% and 86.40% respectively. In 114 visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA) positive patients, 95 were True Positive and 19 were False Positive. Among, 114 visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA) negative patients, 20 were False Negative whereas 94 were True Negative. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of visual inspection using acetic acid ( VIA) in  screening of cervical carcinoma was 82.61%, 83.19%, 83.33% 82.46% and 82.89% respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that papanicoloau ( PAP) smear and visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA) in screening of cervical carcinoma are highly sensitive, accurate and having almost equal diagnostic accuracy.
Sonographic association of uterine fibroids with infertility among women of childbearing age.
Authors: Amjad Sana , Iqbal Hania , Bacha Raham , Gilani Syed Amir , Uzair Muhammad , Malik Sajid Shaheen , Fatima Mehreen , Farooq S Muhammad Yousaf
Published: April 2020

Objectives: To determine sonographic association of uterine fibroids with infertility among women of childbearing age. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Gilani Ultrasound Clinic opposite Lahore General Hospital, University of Lahore. Ahsan Diagnostic Centre, Sialkot. Period: From 10th July to 10th October 2018. Materials & Methods: The study was started after the approval of ethical committee of the University of Lahore. All the patients were enrolled in this study after signing the informed consent form. Toshiba Xario and Medison Accuvix V20 with convex transducer frequency ranging from 2 to 6 MHz were used. Fibroids were evaluated through trans-abdominal scan and sonographic data was stored in the ultrasound machine. A convenient sampling technique was used and data was further analyzed with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24 (SPSS 24, IBM, Armonk, NY, United States of America). Results: Among 113 subjects, the incidence of uterine fibroid was 32.7%. A significant association (p-value=0.010) was seen between existence of fibroid and the type of Infertility. The mean size of the fibroids was found to be 32.3568mm, 26(23.0%) of participants had single while 11(9.7%) of them had multiple fibroids. The location was most commonly seen in anterior and posterior wall, whereas the most common type was found to Sub-Mucosal and Sub-Serosal. Conclusion: Uterine Fibroids were commonly associated with Secondary infertility as compared to primary infertility.
Efficacy of balloon tamponade in control of primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH).
Authors: Akhtar Kashfa Tasnim , Tabassum Sobia , Siddique Shazia
Published: April 2020

Objectives: Primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) refers to excessive blood loss (>500ml) during 3rd stage of labour in the 1st 24 hours after delivery, thereafter, significant bleeding is referred to as secondary PPH. Its incidence is about 5% of deliveries. This study was conducted to note the efficacy of balloon tamponade in the control of PPH. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gyne, Civil Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018. Material & Methods: A total of 80 cases with Primary PPH after vaginal delivery were considered for this study. Cases with Bleeding disorders, ruptured uterus, retained products of conception, genital tract injuries or on anticoagulant therapy were excluded. All patients received balloon tamponade. Failure of control of bleeding was observed amongst all the patients. Results: Mean age, gestational age and parity were 24.54 years, 37.88 weeks and 3.17 respectively. Mean estimated blood loss was found to be 1125+320 ml, SBP 90.10+20.6 mmHg, DBP 57+7.2 mmHg and pulse 106+9.2 bpm. As far efficacy of balloon tamponade is concerned, it was noted in 71 (88.8%) women. When women were analyzed for maternal age, gestational age and parity status, no significant difference was found (P value > 0.05). Conclusion: Balloon tamponade has good efficacy (88.8%) in controlling PPH. Its ease of use in cases at increased risk of PPH makes it a suitable option.
Assessment of the nutritional status by measuring body mass index and screening of school going children of Khairpur Mirus Sindh.
Authors: Shaikh Salma , Chohan Muhammad Nadeem , Ahmed Imran , Memon Hafeezullah , Shaikh Saleem
Published: April 2020

Objectives: To assess the Nutritional Status by measuring Body Mass Index and screening of School going children of Khairpur Mirus Sindh. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive Study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro. Period: From 1st May to 31st May 2015. Material & Methods: Over 2400 children (age 5 to 18 years) studying at schools of Taluka Khairpur Mirus, Sindh. We conducted this study at 40 schools, both from government and private sector. Schools included Primary, Secondary, High and Higher Secondary Schools. Medical History was taken and detailed physical examination done, including Cardiovascular Examination, Eye and Abdominal Examination. History of presence of worms in stool was taken from children. Anemia was checked by palmer inspection. Weight and height was taken by well-trained doctors and paramedical staffs with the help of weight machine and stadiometer. Results: Out of total 2400 children 43.4% were male and 56.6% were female. Mean BMI was 15.97, while mean weight was 30.93 kg and mean height was 136.92 cm. Among 730 children, who were underweight, 54.5% children were mild underweight, while 29.7% children were moderate underweight and 15.7% children were severe underweight. 6% children were overweight, while 4% children were obese. Anemia was present in 63.04% children, Eye Squint was present in 3.1% children, worms infestations were present in 0.2% children and murmur was detected in 0.1% children. Conclusion: We found significant number of children having low BMI (30.4%) and the Mean BMI was 15.97. We also found significant number of children having underweight that is 54.5% children were mild underweight, while 29.7% children were moderate underweight and 15.7% children were severe underweight. On the other hand, overweight and obesity was less common, 6% children were overweight, while 4% children were obese. During Screening, Anemia was (63.04%) and Eye Squint (3.1%) was the most common clinical findings.
LigaSure vessel sealing system versus conventional tools in Milligan and Morgan Haemorrhoidectomy: A Randomized control trial.
Authors: Ahmed Manzoor , Mehboob Mukhtar , Ahmed Fida , Javeed Saleem , Khan Abdullah , Qureshi Shoaib Ahmed
Published: April 2020

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the LigaSure vessel sealing system in Milligan – Morgan Haemorrhoidectomy and compare to conventional tools. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: Department of surgery Bolan University of Medical and Health Sciences at Sandeman (prov) Hospital Quetta. Period: January 2017 to June 2018. Material & Methods: Randomized controlled study designed for comparison was carried out. Total 86 patients of both gender had grade III and IV hemorrhoids were enrolled and randomly divided in two groups. LigaSure group and Conventional group. After obtained institutional permission and informed consent all patients were prepared for surgery as per unit protocol. Patients of both groups were evaluated for operative time, per operative bleeding, post-operative pain, hospital stay, wound healing time, and time return to work. Data collected and analyzed on SPSS version 20. Results: Total 86 patients enrolled for study 58 (66.4%) males and 28 (32.6%) females, age range 22-76 years. Patients randomly divided in LigaSure and conventional groups (43 in each group). Operative time and per operative bleeding was significantly less in LigaSure group as compared to conventional (P-Value, 0.001). Post-operative complications like pain and urine retention ware significantly less in LigaSure group (P-Value <0.001). Hospital stay, Healing time and return to routine life were significantly early in LigaSure group (p-Value <0.001). Conclusion: LigaSure sealing and cutting system is safe and effective tool in Milligan & Morgan Haemorrhoidectomy.