bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A game theoretic framework for controlling the behavior of a content seeking to be popular on social networking sites
Authors: Touya Khadija , Garmani Hamid , Baslam Mohamed , El Ayachi Rachid , Jourhmane Mostafa
Published: July 2023

Over the years, people are becoming more dependent on Online Social Networks, through whom they constitute various sorts of relationships. Furthermore, such areas present spaces of interaction among users; they send more messages and posts showing domains they are interested in to guarantee the level of their popularity. This popularity depends on its own rate, the number of comments the posted topic gets but; also on the cost a user has to pay to accomplish his task on this network. However, the selfish behavior of those subscribers is the root cause of competition over popularity among those users. In this paper, we aim to control the behavior of a social networks users who try their best to increase their popularity in a competitive manner. We formulate this competition as a non-cooperative game. We porpose an efficient game theoretical model to solve this competition and find a situation of equilibrium for the said game.
Ultrasound Diagnosed Traumatic Bilateral Cataractous Ectopia Lentis: A Case Report and Review
Authors: .I Irabor P.F , Izevbekhai Stephen Ohikhuemei
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Ectopia lentis is defined simply as lens displacement which may either be partial or complete. It most commonly results from orbital trauma in over fifty percent (50%) of cases, and majority are unilateral. However, traumatic bilateral ectopia lentis is rare. Hereditary connective tissue diseases may also cause ectopia lentis (usually bilateral). The role of imaging is very crucial in early identification of ocular pathologies following trauma. Ocular sonography, being the cheaper, safer and very readily available modality in most low and middle income countries, becomes handy in the initial imaging work-up of patients with ocular trauma. Objectives: To report a rare case of traumatic bilateral cataractous ectopia lentis in an elderly female patient. To review pertinent literature about this condition. To justify the role of various imaging modalities, and particularly highlight the usefulness of ultrasound for evaluating cases of ocular trauma especially in emergency situations. Case Report: The case of a 75-year old female who had blunt trauma to her eyes, and never sought immediate specialized medical care, but instead chose to patronise a traditional healing home. Her visual impairment gradually deteriorated, necessitating a late presentation for imaging at our private radiodiagnostic facility in Agbor, Nigeria. Imaging using ocular sonography, revealed bilateral displaced cataractous lenses with associated vitreous haemorrhage, necessitating an immediate, but a late referral for specialized care. Conclusion: Emergency ocular sonogram is of utmost importance in cases of acute ocular trauma, as it can help identify ocular pathologies promptly.
HYPERGLYCEMIA AS A PREDICTOR OF OUTCOME IN PAEDIATRIC SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY PATIENTS UNDERWENT SURGERY: A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE FROM EASTERN INDONESIA FROM 2017-2022
Authors: Parenrengi Muhamad Arifin , Suryaningtyas Wihasto , Destiansyah Rifqi Aulia
Published: July 2023

The aim: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) remains a significant health burden worldwide. This study aimed to describe, determine and recommendation concerning the impact of hyperglycemia on pediatric TBI.
Materials and methods: Paediatric trauma patients with severe TBI event were identified and admitted to our Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, the regional Trauma Center of East Java, Indonesia between calendar year of 2017 and 2022. Our institutions trauma database was utilized to select the patient included in this study. Patients with GCS ≤ 8 who underwent neurosurgical interventions were included to the study. Neurosurgical interventions are craniotomy for clot evacuation and decompressive craniectomy. We excluded patients with GCS > 8 and/or treated with conservative therapy (no surgery needed). Data collected for analysis as independent variables included patient age, admission GCS score and admission serum glucose score, mechanism of injury, type of intracranial lesion and type of surgery. Outcome of the patients included was examined at discharge which sub-grouped by Glasgow Outcomes Scale (GOS) score. Independent variables were entered into the logistic model in a stepwise fashion with a significant cutoff of p< 0,05.
Results: Patients with worse neurological outcomes (GOS score 1-2) had a mean serum glucose value of over 200 mg/dL. Patients who died (GOS score of 1) had higher mean admission glucose values (226.44 ± 62,00) than the patients who had survived with a GOS score of 3 (139.80 ± 10.87), 4 (87), or 5 (134). Patients who resulted in a vegetative state (GOS score of 2) had higher mean admission serum glucose values than patients who were discharged with a GOS score of 5 (205.14 ± 36.17 vs. 134; p = 0.003).
Conclusions: Hyperglycaemia in pediatric TBI patients that underwent neurosurgical intervention is associated with worse outcomes, even mortality. We believe that prospective evaluation of glucose normalization in the context of acute management of pediatric head injuries is both appropriate and necessary for the next study.
Characteristics of infective endocarditis according to the mode of acquisition – a single-center, retrospective analysis
Authors: Dobreva-Yatseva B. , Nikolov F. , Raycheva R. , Manolov I. , Nikolov P. , Ivanova N. , Iovanovska D. , Kuchmov I. , Tokmakova M.
Published: July 2023

According to the mode of acquisition, infective endocarditis (IE) is classifi ed as community-acquired (CAIE), healthcareassociated (HAIE), and injection drug use–related IE (IDUIE). At this stage, there are no data for Bulgaria for these three groups of patients. Objective: We set ourselves the goal of investigating IE according to the mode of acquisition and to make a clinical-instrumental characterization of the groups. Material and methods: The study is single-center, retrospective and includes 270 patients treated at the UMHAT “Sveti Georgi” – Plovdiv for the period 01.2005-12. 2021. Results: Patients with CAIE were 64.8% (175), with HAIE 26.7% (72) and with IDUIE 8.5% (23). Patients with IDUIE are younger compared to the other two groups (33; 8 years) (p = 0.000), with low comorbidity (CCI – 1, IQR – 1; p = 0.000), with most frequent right-sided involvement (p < 0.001) and with the most common causative agent being Staphylococcus aureus (p < 0.01). Patients with HAIE were the oldest (69; 18 years;), with the most comorbidity (CCI – 4; IQR – 3), with no signifi cant difference with CAIE (66; 20 years; and CCI – 3; IQR – 3). The large proportion of portal of entry for them were manipulations/ procedures (62.5%) and hemodialysis (18.1%), with Enterococci being the most common causative agent (19.5%, p = 0.001). In-hospital mortality and early surgical intervention were without signifi cant difference in the three groups. Conclusion: Knowledge of the three groups of IE according to the mode of acquisition – CAIE, HAIE and IDUIE and their characteristics is important for the choice of initial empiric antibiotic treatment and for improvement of prevention.
Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Hunagund Shivakumar
Published: July 2023

Neuromorphic computing is a rapidly emerging field that seeks to emulate the computational principles of the brain using novel materials and devices. While traditional computing architectures, such as the von Neumann architecture, have experienced exponential improvements in computational power due to the continuous shrinkage of transistor technology, the laws of physics will eventually limit the performance of these systems. Neuromorphic computing offers the potential to continue scaling technology by incorporating novel functional materials and devices into new computing architectures. In this chapter, the authors will explore the principles of neuromorphic computing and the key challenges that must be overcome in order to fully implement these systems. The authors will discuss the role of new nanostructured materials and devices in neuromorphic computing, and the importance of understanding charge and defects migration, fault tolerance, and manufacturability.
Systematic Literature Review of Maritime Clusters and Competitiveness
Authors: Santos Natário Maria Manuela , Pereira Elisabeth T. , Couto João Pedro A.
Published: July 2023

The aim of this chapter is to provide a systematic literature review, using bibliometric methods, on the topics of Maritime Cluster and Competitiveness, complemented with the combination of innovation, networks, and co-petition. Data were collected from the web of science and quantitative and qualitative analyses were applied to understand the relevance of the topics, the years and countries of production and the types of articles published. It was possible to identify three approaches: one that relates the theme from a strategic management perspective, another that associates the theme with regional development policies, and the third associated with the development of networks. It was also found that although co-petition does not appear explicitly, it appears as a fundamental element for the promotion of maritime clusters of the simultaneous combination of competition and collaboration of different actors within the cluster and as a mobilizing element of innovation networks.
Adult-onset seizures as the initial presentation of acute intermittent porphyria
Authors: Rajapaksha A. S. , Kalupahana R. , Fernando A. , Jasinge E. , Eranthaka U.
Published: July 2023

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare metabolic disorder caused by the deficiency of enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase used in haeme biosynthesis. Nonspecific abdominal pain is the classical presentation of AIP. Patients rarely present with rapid-onset neurological manifestations such as acute peripheral neuropathy or seizures. The knowledge on the management of seizures in AIP is important as some antiepileptic drugs may exacerbate acute attack. Hyponatremia due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion is a recognised cause of seizures in AIP. We report a case of a 20-year-old woman presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka with seizures due to hyponatremia who was eventually diagnosed with AIP. Although AIP is not frequently reported in Sri Lanka, it’s important to have a strong clinical suspicion as an early diagnosis will reduce mortality and morbidity.
A “GERAÇÃO DAS SEÇÕES CÔNICAS” DE BLAISE PASCAL
Authors: Cortese João
Published: July 2023

Apresentamos aqui uma tradução da Geração das seções cônicas (Generatio conisectionum), a única parte que nos restou do perdido tratado sobre as cônicas de Blaise Pascal, a qual conhecemos por meio de uma cópia realizada por G. W. Leibniz. O ensaio introdutório apresenta o contexto dos escritos de Pascal sobre as curvas cônicas em abordagem “projetiva”, indicando a importância da admissão de elementos geométricos a distância infinita para a generalização dos resultados. A tradução traz notas filológicas, e apresentamos igualmente o texto original em latim.
Kein altes Eisen
Authors: Brust Martin
Published: July 2023

Wer bei Google rund um das Thema „Arbeitsmarkt und ältere Beschäftigte“ sucht, bekommt viele Suchvorschläge, aus denen die Angst von Menschen über 50 Jahren spricht, auf dem Arbeitsmarkt keine Chancen mehr zu haben.
Magyarországi befektetési lehetőségek
Authors: Nyári Csaba
Published: July 2023

Kutatásomban arra a kérdésre keresem a választ, hogy napjainkban Magyarországon milyen befektetési lehetőségek állnak rendelkezésre a lakosság számára. A befektetés lehet pénzügyi eszköz (értékpapír, bankbetét stb.) vagy ingatlan, valamilyen értékálló ingóság (például műtárgy) is. Elemzésemben a klasszikus pénzügyi eszközökre, azokon belül is a részvényre, a kötvényre, az állam által kibocsátott kötvényre (állampapír), továbbá a befektetési alapokra fókuszálok. Ezek mellett foglalkozom az úgynevezett kombinált termékekkel.
Perancangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android Menggunakan Aplikasi Andromo Pada Mata Pelajaran Bimbingan TIK
Authors: Resa Ayu Riska , Efriyanti Liza , Benfani Ropi
Published: July 2023

Saat ini guru dituntut untuk memiliki keterampilan dalam mengelola kelas guru serta menyediakan media belajar yang menarik untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa. Kenyataan saat ini banyak guru yang memberikan media pembelajaran manual seperti guru hanya menjelaskan di papan tulis sehingga siswa tidak tertarik ketika guru menjelaskan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membangkitkan minat siswa dalam mempelajari Bimbingan TIK. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and development (R&D) untuk melihat langkah-langkah membuat suatu produk atau aplikasi dengan menggunakan aplikasi Andromo. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa media pembelajaran sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa karena siswa lebih tertarik untuk mengikuti pembelajaran dengan menggunakan aplikasi media Android dan siswa mudah mengakses pembelajaran menggunakan aplikasi Android. Setelah dilakukan penelitian terhadap media menggunakan Andromo diperoleh persentase 96% valid untuk digunakan.
Abstract
Nowadays teachers are required to have skills in managing the teacher's class as well as providing interesting media to increase students' interest in learning. However, currently many teachers provide manual learning media such as the teacher only explains on the blackboard so students are not interested when the teacher explains. The goal of this study is to pique students' interest in studying ICT Guidance. This study uses the method (R&D) to look at the steps to create a product or application using Andromo ICT Guidance learning media. and this research was supported by ICT subject teachers. The results of the study explain that learning media greatly influences student learning outcomes because students are more interested in participating in learning using Android media applications and students easily access learning using Android applications. After conducting research on media using Andromo, a percentage of 96% is valid for use
Moodle : Sistem e-Learning Berbasis Web SMK N 1 Lubuk Sikaping pada Pademi Covid-19
Authors: Yanti Rahma , Vernanda Lousia , Melvita Reza , Rahmatul Insani Chindy , Efriyanti Liza
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi dengan perkembangan teknologi yang pesat masuk pada ranah dunia Pendidikan. Teknologi pada aspek Pendidikan sangat mempengaruhi proses pendidikan salah satunya dalam proses pembelajaran jarak jauh. Pasca pandemic Covid-19 proses pembelajaran masih diarahkan mengguakan sistem e-learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem e-learning berbasis web dengan tujuan untuk  mempermudah proses pembelajaran di SMK N 1 Lubuk sikaping. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (RND) dengan model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model waterfall. Hasil perancangan sistem e-learning menghasilkan sebuah sistem e-learning berbasis web yang dimana didalamnya dilengkapi fitur atau menu untuk membuat kelas, pertemuan, tugas, absensi, ujian, quiz dan Latihan lainnya yang dapat mempermudah guru dalam proses pembelajaran dalam sistem e-learning ini juga terdapat form laporan penilaian peserta didik selama proses pembelajaran satu semester, dimana nantinya sistem ini akan menampilkan rekapan nilai dari peserta didik dan juga perengkingan nilai peserta didik tersebut. Tentunya hal ini akan mempermudah guru dalam membuat laporan akhir semester peserta didik. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa penerapan sistem e-learning di SMK N 1 Lubuk sikaping dapat digunakan oleh semua pihak terutama pada guru dan siswa.
Abstract
This research is motivated by the rapid development of technology entering the realm of education. Technology in the education aspect greatly influences the educational process, one of which is the distance learning process. After the Covid-19 pandemic, the learning process was still directed to use the e-learning system. This study aims to design a web-based e-learning system with the aim of facilitating the learning process at SMK N 1 Lubuk Kapaning. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the development model used is the waterfall model. The results of the design of the e-learning system produce a web-based e-learning system which includes features or menus to create classes, meetings, assignments, attendance, exams, quizzes and other exercises that can facilitate teachers in the learning process in this e-learning system There is also a student assessment report form during the one semester learning process, where later this system will display a summary of the student's grades and also the student's grade ranking. Of course this will make it easier for teachers to make final semester reports for students. The conclusion from this study is that the implementation of the e-learning system at SMK N 1 Lubuk Attitude can be used by all parties, especially teachers and students.
Impacto de las lesiones por presión en un paciente post Covid-19
Authors: Maella-Rius Natalia , Martínez-Rodríguez Laura , Torra-Bou Joan Enric
Published: July 2023

Objetivo principal: Explorar el impacto de las lesiones por presión (LPP) en las personas después de un ingreso en la UCI por Covid-19. Metodología: Estudio de caso bajo enfoque cualitativo. Se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada para explorar el fenómeno “padecer LPP en el contexto de la enfermedad por Covid-19” y un análisis temático mediante la teoría fundamentada. Resultados principales: El análisis resultó en las siguientes categorías: signos y síntomas, funcionamiento físico, bienestar psicológico, funcionamiento social, vivencia del proceso, ámbito de los cuidados, espiritualidad, tratamientos, elementos de cura experta, comunicación de la información, satisfacción de cuidados, proceso de alta, integración y déficits de conocimientos. Conclusión principal: El estudio destaca el gran impacto que las lesiones por presión causan en todas las dimensiones calidad de vida, además de en las esferas espiritual, económica y la necesidad de información.
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN MP-ASI DINI DENGAN OBESITAS PADA BAYI USIA 0-6 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PASAR IKAN KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Arlenti Lety
Published: July 2023

Latar belakang: Makanan pendamping ASI adalah makanan yang diberikan kepada bayi/anak disamping ASI untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizinya. MP-ASI diberikan mulai umur 6-24 bulan dan merupakan makanan peralihan dari ASI ke makanan keluarga. Pengenalan dan pemberian MP-ASI harus dilakukan secara bertahap baik bentuk maupun jumlah. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk menyesuaikan kemampuan alat cerna bayi dalam menerima MP-ASI. Tujuan Penelitian mengetahui pengaruh hubungan pemberian MP-ASI dini dengan obesitas pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pasar Ikan Kota Bengkulu. Metode Penelitian ini adalah metode Analitik menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 70 Ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 6-12 bulan yang memberikan MP-ASI dini pengambilan sampel dengan teknik total sampling yaitu cara pengambilan sampel data dengan menggunakan lembar koesioner dan lembar ceklis  menggunakan uji T-test. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji data statistic analitik dengan bantuan program SPSS. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu adanya hubungan pemberian MP-ASI dini dengan obesitas pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan. Saran Penelitian ini hendaknya dapat bermanfaat kemampuan untuk memperluas wawasan dan pengalaman ibu-ibu dalam  pemberian MP-ASI pada bayinya khususnya meningkatkan ilmu pengetahuan belajar dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menjaga pertumbuhan bayinya

Kata kunci      : MP-ASI dini; pertumbuhan; Obesitas
Despenalización del aborto eugenésico en Perú como medida legislativa para evitar nacimientos con graves taras incompatibles con la vida humana
Authors:   , Rios Chavez Maria Laura Alejandra , Valdivia Huasasquiche Karla Alexandra
Published: July 2023

Se propone, en esta época contemporánea, científica y tecnológica de certezas y diagnósticos en el tratamiento y en el control de las madres gestantes y el producto de la concepción de la vida humana, la despenalización del aborto eugenésico del catálogo de figuras delictivas del código penal peruano. Elaborando un instrumento de gestión y base para el respaldo de los fines y controles de calidad de diagnóstico médico de la vida en formación y los consejos de la medicina humana, lograríamos establecer seguridad en la emisión de conclusiones médicas con respaldo legal y así evitar el deterioro psicológico en la madre gestante. Asimismo es nuestro objetivo determinar el problema de la colisión del derecho a la libertad con el derecho a la vida que nos impone el poder punitivo del Estado, tanto en la psiquis de la madre gestante como en los procedimientos o protocolos determinados por profesionales de la salud, médicos y comunidad de la salud asistencial de la gestante al sentirse disuadidas de no poder hacer realidad su deseo, pues proceder de ese modo constituye un delito que es, a nuestro juicio anacrónico y por supuesto enfrentar un injusto penal y la imposición de condenas de pena privativa de la libertad y de reparación civil hoy en día por este hecho resulta irracional. En ese orden de ideas, la propuesta y respuesta social para un injusto penal ilegítimo y anacrónico con la realidad es que el delito de aborto eugenésico sea excluido del código penal o se adicione una excepción a dicha figura delictiva.
La ausencia de leyes especiales con respecto a los accidentes de trabajo mediante la modalidad del teletrabajo en el Perú 2020
Authors:   , Almora Elias Rita Luciana
Published: July 2023

La presente tesis tiene por objetivo determinar que la ausencia de una ley especial de accidentes de trabajo en el teletrabajo afecta a la sociedad peruana en el 2020, asimismo analizar una posible implementación ante la coyuntura que se vive dado que la gran parte de la población, se encuentra realizando teletrabajo y de esta forma determinar si sería adecuado implementar Ley especial con respecto a los accidentes de trabajo en la modalidad de teletrabajo. El método implementado es el descriptivo, ya que se realizó mediante cuestionario, por lo cual se obtuvo información en tiempo real, con respecto a la muestra seleccionada. En cuanto a los resultados obtenido del cuestionario realizado, el cual consta de 12 preguntas, se obtuvo una muestra de 50 teletrabajadores, en el cual se evidencia la aceptación de una propuesta de una implementación de Ley especial con respecto a los accidentes de trabajo en la modalidad de teletrabajo, determinar la responsabilidad de los accidentes de teletrabajo y delimitar la debida fiscalización de la modalidad mencionada. Finalmente se encuentran las conclusiones, las cuales determinan que la aplicación de una ley especial en cuanto a los accidentes de trabajo en la modalidad de teletrabajo en el Perú en el 2020, seria severamente importante, asimismo determinante en nuestro país, ya que al existir esta falta de regulación, causa incertidumbre ante aquellos casos que puedan surgir, por lo tanto se debería de implementar para cubrir las necesidades de la población en la actualidad, ya que la intervención normativa es fundamental debido a la coyuntura, que la población no se sienta vulnerable ante un supuesto accidente de teletrabajo debido a que en la actualidad se utiliza mucho la modalidad de teletrabajo y me parece fundamental la implementación de la mencionada Ley.
CARACTERIZACIÓN MOLECULAR Y BIOQUÍMICA DE UN MODELO TRANSGÉNICO DE RATÓN DEFICIENTE EN LA PROTEÍNA Z
Authors: Santana Morales Kevin , Taoro González Lucas
Published: July 2023

Aquí les entrego el documento en formato PDF,
Muchas gracias.
Magneto-rheological fluids; nonlinear dynamics in non-stationary triaxial magnetic fields
Authors: López de la Manzanara Pérez Sofía , de Vicente Álvarez-Manzaneda Juan
Published: July 2023

This project aims to study the behavior of magnetorheological fluids under the influence of an external rotational magnetic field, with the main focus on analyzing the velocities of colloids present in the samples.
Assessment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms and Sleep Quality Among Women in the Nurses’ Health Study II
Authors: Ha Jane , Mehta Raaj S. , Cao Yin , Huang Tianyi , Staller Kyle , Chan Andrew T.
Published: July 2023

Importance

Limited data exist on the association of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms with sleep quality.

Objective

To prospectively investigate the association between GER symptoms and sleep quality.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This prospective cohort study included data from the Nurses’ Health Study II of female nurses in the US. Participants self-reported the frequency and duration of GER symptoms beginning June 2005, with updates every 4 years through June 2015. Follow-up was completed June 2019, and data were analyzed from November 15, 2022, to June 4, 2023.

Exposures

Frequency and duration of GER symptoms.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Poor sleep quality was assessed in 2017 through a modified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which included difficulty in falling asleep, restlessness of sleep, daytime sleepiness, sleep disturbance, and sleep duration. Relative risk (RR) for poor sleep quality and individual components of poor sleep quality was estimated according to the frequency and duration of GER symptoms.

Results

Among 48 536 women (median age, 59 years [range, 48-69 years]), 7929 (16.3%) developed poor sleep quality during 4 years of follow-up. Compared with those with GER symptoms less than once a month, the multivariable RR for poor sleep quality among women with GER symptoms more than once a week was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.45-1.62). Women who had GER symptoms once or more a week for more than 7 years had an RR of 1.36 (95% CI, 1.30-1.43) compared with women who had not had GER symptoms once or more a week. The frequency and duration of GER symptoms were significantly associated with each individual component of poor sleep quality; for example, the multivariable RRs for GER symptoms 2 or more times per week compared with no GER symptoms were 1.49 (95% CI, 1.39-1.58) for difficulty in falling asleep, 1.47 (95% CI, 1.39-1.56) for excessive daytime sleepiness, and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.36-1.53) for restlessness of sleep.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this prospective cohort study of female nurses in the Nurses’ Health Study II, the frequency and duration of GER symptoms were associated with subsequent risk of poor sleep quality. The findings suggest that effective treatment of GER disease may be important not only for improvement of symptoms but also for the reduction of comorbidities associated with poor sleep quality.
Tetra‐tert‐butyl‐s‐indacene is a Bond‐Localized C2h Structure and a Challenge for Computational Chemistry
Authors: Karas Lucas J. , Jalife Said , Viesser Renan V. , Soares João V. , Haley Michael M. , Wu Judy I.
Published: July 2023

Whether tetra‐tert‐butyl‐s‐indacene is a symmetric D2h structure or a bond‐alternating C2h structure remains a standing puzzle. Close agreement between experimental and computed proton chemical shifts based on minima structures optimized at the M06‐2X, ωB97X‐D, and M11 levels confirm a bond‐localized C2h symmetry, which is consistent with the expected strong antiaromaticity of TtB‐s‐indacene.
Abnormality of anxious behaviors and functional connectivity between the amygdala and the frontal lobe in maternally deprived monkeys
Authors: Feng Xiao‐Li , Wang Jiao‐Jian , Wu Jing , Ren Xiao‐Feng , Zhou Hui , Li Si‐Yu , Zhang Jie , Wang Sheng‐Hai , Wang Yun , Hu Zheng‐Fei , Hu Xin‐Tian , Jiang Tian‐Zi
Published: July 2023

Objective

Anxious behaviors often occur in individuals who have experienced early adversity. Anxious behaviors can bring many hazards, such as social withdrawal, eating disorders, negative self‐efficacy, self‐injurious thoughts and behaviors, anxiety disorders, and even depression. Abnormal behavior are is closely related to changes in corresponding circuit functions in the brain. This study investigated the relationship between brain circuits and anxious behaviors in maternal‐deprived rhesus monkey animal model, which mimic early adversity in human.

Methods

Twenty‐five rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were grouped by two different rearing conditions: 11 normal control and mother‐reared (MR) monkeys and 14 maternally deprived and peer‐reared (MD) monkeys. After obtaining images of the brain areas with significant differences in maternal separation and normal control macaque function, the relationship between functional junction intensity and stereotypical behaviors was determined by correlation analysis.

Results

The correlation analysis revealed that stereotypical behaviors were negatively correlated with the coupling between the left lateral amygdala subregion and the left inferior frontal gyrus in both MD and MR macaques.

Conclusion

This study suggests that early adversity‐induced anxious behaviors are associated with changes in the strength of the amygdala–prefrontal connection. The normalization of the regions involved in the functional connection might reverse the behavioral abnormality. It provides a solid foundation for effective intervention in human early adversity.

Significance Statement

This study suggests that early adversity‐induced anxious behaviors are associated with changes in the strength of the amygdala–prefrontal connection. The higher the amygdala–prefrontal connection strength, the less stereotyped behaviors exhibited by monkeys experiencing early adversity. Thus, in the future, changing the strength of the amygdala–prefrontal connection may reverse the behavioral abnormalities of individuals who experience early adversity. This study provides a solid foundation for effective intervention in humans' early adversity.
Advances, Applications, and Perspectives in Small‐Angle X‐ray Scattering of RNA
Authors: Tants Jan‐Niklas , Schlundt Andreas
Published: July 2023

RNAs exhibit a plethora of functions far beyond transmitting genetic information. Often, RNA functions are entailed in their structure, be it as a regulatory switch, protein binding site, or providing catalytic activity. Structural information is a prerequisite for a full understanding of RNA‐regulatory mechanisms. Owing to the inherent dynamics, size, and instability of RNA, its structure determination remains challenging. Methods such as NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray crystallography, and cryo‐electron microscopy can provide high‐resolution structures; however, their limitations make structure determination, even for small RNAs, cumbersome, if at all possible. Although at a low resolution, small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) has proven valuable in advancing structure determination of RNAs as a complementary method, which is also applicable to large‐sized RNAs. Here, we review the technological and methodological advancements of RNA SAXS. We provide examples of the powerful inclusion of SAXS in structural biology and discuss possible future applications to large RNAs.
Topical betadine exposure precipitating sterile cerebritis and systemic iodine toxicity
Authors: Rasner Cody J. , Allen Timothy , Kavalier Meredith
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical Message

Cerebritis may present with encephalopathy, seizures, localizing neurologic deficits, or death. Topical betadine has a high iodine content and application to open scalp wounds may cause sterile cerebritis.
Lutidyl Radical Photoelectron Spectra Reveal Additive Substituent Effects on Benzyl Derivatives’ Ionization Energy
Authors: Kanayama Keisuke , Fernholz Christin , Nakamura Hisashi , Maruta Kaoru , Bodi Andras , Hemberger Patrick
Published: July 2023

Understanding how isomerism influences photoelectron spectra helps in the assignment and analysis of reactive mixtures, especially for heterocycles with numerous isomers. Threshold photoelectron spectra of lutidyl radical isomers, i. e., benzyl derivatives with a nitrogen heteroatom and a methyl substituent, are recorded using vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation. The radicals are produced by flash pyrolysis from aminomethyl methylpyridine precursors. Experimental ionization energies are determined to be 7.54, 7.50, and 7.45 eV for 2,4‐, 2,6‐ and 3,5‐lutidyl, respectively, in excellent agreement with composite method calculations. Franck–Condon simulations aid the TPES assignment but are also shown to exhibit artifacts if large‐amplitude motions, notably the methyl internal rotation are assumed to be active in the double harmonic approximation. Based on calculated adiabatic ionization energies (AIE) of benzyl, picolyl, and xylyl radicals, the N and CH3 substituent effects are found to be additive, position‐dependent and decrease in the para>ortho≳meta order in magnitude with the nitrogen heteroatom increasing and the methyl substituent decreasing the AIE. These effects are discussed in light of the charge distribution upon ionization. The additivity of the substituent effects also helps predict the influence of substituents on the binding energy of the unpaired electron in analogous radicals.
The lateral forearm flap versus traditional upper extremity flaps: A comparison of donor site morbidity and flap thickness
Authors: Danker Sara , Shuck John W. , Taher Ahmed , Mujtaba Bilal , Chang Edward I. , Chu Carrie K. , Liu Jun , Garvey Patrick B. , Hanna Ehab , Yu Peirong , Largo Rene D.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The lateral forearm flap (LFF) is a thin fasciocutaneous flap with a donor site that can be closed primarily.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of donor site morbidity and hand function was performed in patients who underwent a radial forearm flap (RFF), ulnar artery perforator flap (UAPF), or LFF. Flap thickness was evaluated radiographically in 50 control patients.

Results

Of 134 patients (lateral forearm flap: n = 49, RFF: n = 47, UAPF: n = 38), the LFF demonstrated significantly faster return to baseline hand grip strength (3 months vs. 12 months in RFF and UAPF; p < 0.001), had significantly fewer donor site complications (6.1% compared to 6.4% in RFF and 28.9% in UAPF; p = 0.003) and fewer sensory deficits (2.0% compared to 6.4% in RFF and 15.8% in UAPF sites; p = 0.013). The radiographic study confirmed the LFF to be the thinnest of all upper extremity flap options.

Conclusions

The LFF is an excellent forearm‐based flap option with thin, pliable tissue and low donor site morbidity.
Sustaining an Aboriginal wellbeing program: Informing health promotion practice and policy
Authors: Urquhart Lisa , Roberts Karen , Duncanson Kerith , Brown Leanne J. , Fisher Karin
Published: July 2023

Issue addressed

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples' holistic concepts of wellbeing are inadequately represented in the health promotion discourse. The aim of this article was to explore what sustains an Aboriginal wellbeing program, to inform critical reflection and reorientation to empower Aboriginal wellbeing approaches in health promotion practice and policy.

Methods

Aboriginal and non‐Indigenous researchers collaboratively designed a critically framed, strengths‐based research approach with Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service staff and wellbeing program participants. Data from Individual Yarning (n = 15) with program participants and staff inspired co‐researchers to co‐develop interpretations over two half‐day Collaborative Yarning sessions (n = 9).

Results

Co‐researchers depicted five lifeworld qualities that sustain an Aboriginal wellbeing program: love, connection, respect, culture and belonging. The lifeworld qualities are relational, communicative and involve the dynamics of identity, power and self‐determination.

Conclusions

The five qualities support a lifeworld approach to an Aboriginal wellbeing program, opening communicative and relational opportunities to mediate culturally responsive interactions. The qualities mediated interactions between people in the lifeworld including program participants and coordinators, and systems representatives including health service providers. A lifeworld approach provides a way to empower Aboriginal self‐determination and leadership through embedment of cultural determinants of health in wellbeing programs.

So what?

Health service providers and policy makers can use lifeworld approaches to guide critical reflection and reorient practice and policy related to Aboriginal health. The lifeworld qualities that encompass this approach in wellbeing programs are communicative and relational, centred on local community voices and co‐produced with community for Aboriginal identity, empowerment and self‐determination.
Capacity needs assessment and challenges for multisectoral implementation of nutrition in Burkina Faso: A guide for the formulation of a capacity development plan
Authors: Diasso Dieudonné , Halidou Doudou Maimouna , Cruz Sarah , Tonnoir Florence , Compaoré‐Sérémé Diarra , Zongo Urbain , Savadogo Aly
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Achieving nutritional goals depends on individual, organisational and environmental capacities. The aim of this study was to analyse and identify capacity gaps among the coordination platforms and networks, and the key technical institutions related to nutrition in Burkina Faso for a capacity development plan formulation.

Methods

Using the new Nutrition Capacity Framework developed by the United Nations Network, information were collected using the Nutrition Stakeholder Mapping and Analysis tool, and the Checklist for Capacity Areas. Capacity needs were analysed in terms of Human resource and infrastructure, functional, organisational, coordination and partnership, and financial and resource mobilisation.

Results

Limited human resource capacity in nutrition was highlighted in most cases by the structures, and the nutrition coordination structure and more than 4/5 of the technical structures are faced with the unavailability of working materials, tools and basic Internet connection. Only 10 among the 30 structures have a unit or service for exchange on nutrition, and only three of them have integrated nutrition actions. Shortfalls were noted in terms of functional, facilitation, communication and advocacy skills, as well as a weak diversification of resource mobilisation strategies.

Conclusion

The use of the analytical framework helped to identify the gaps and to propose paths for capacity development. Efforts need to be strengthened, intensified, coordinated, monitored, evaluated and funded.
Advances in HPV‐associated tumor management: Therapeutic strategies and emerging insights
Authors: Gong Xiangjin , Chi Hao , Xia Zhijia , Yang Guanhu , Tian Gang
Published: July 2023

With the rapid increase in the incidence of cervical cancer, anal cancer and other cancers, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has become a growing concern. Persistent infection with high‐risk HPV is a major cause of malignant tumors. In addition, microbiota and viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus, and Epstein–Barr virus are closely associated with HPV infection. The limited effectiveness of existing treatments for HPV‐associated tumors and the high rates of recurrence and metastasis in patients create an urgent need for novel and effective approaches. In recent years, HPV vaccine coverage has increased and can reduce the incidence of serious adverse events. Overall, this article provides a comprehensive overview of HPV biology, microbiome, and other viral interactions in cancer development, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive approach to cancer prevention and treatment. Current and emerging HPV‐related cancer control and treatment strategies are also further explored.
Analyzing the influences of the selection of the RCP scenario and the reference period on the evaluation results of EURO‐CORDEX simulations for Hungary
Authors: Kis Anna , Pongrácz Rita
Published: July 2023

Temperature and precipitation simulations are evaluated for Hungary based on 11 regional climate model experiments with 0.1° horizontal resolution from the EURO‐CORDEX programme. The aim of the study is to assess the different simulations and the multi‐model (MM) mean as well for 1991–2005 and 2006–2020 separately, on a monthly basis. For the period 2006–2020, three different representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios, namely, RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 are taken into consideration, so the uncertainty arising from the radiative forcing pathways can also be analysed. Specifically, we addressed three questions: (i) Which is the best model simulation for 1991–2005 and for 2006–2020? (ii) Which scenario is closer to the observations, regarding the period 2006–2020? (iii) Which has a greater effect: the selection of the model or the scenario? According to our results, the spatial and the annual distribution of temperature is simulated appropriately by the MM mean, however, in the case of precipitation the maximum values occur in spring, instead of summer. In 2006–2020, in the first half of the year, simulated temperature is closer to the observations, when the RCP8.5 scenario is taken into account. However, in the case of precipitation, the MM mean of RCP4.5 driven simulations generally performed the best. In the investigated period, the selection of the model simulation has a greater effect compared to the selection of the scenario.
Cost‐utility analysis of 4% tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, taurolidine, and heparin lock to prevent central line–associated bloodstream infections in children with intestinal failure
Authors: Gattini Daniela , Yan Han , Belza Christina , Avitzur Yaron , Wales Paul W.
Published: July 2023

Background

Central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are a serious complication in children with intestinal failure. This study assessed the incremental costs of 4% tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) compared with taurolidine lock and heparin lock per quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY) gained in children with intestinal failure from the healthcare payer and societal perspective.

Methods

A Markov cohort model of a 1‐year‐old child with intestinal failure was simulated until the age of 17 years (time horizon), with a cycle length of 1 month. The health outcome measure was QALYs, with results expressed in terms of incremental costs and QALYs. Model parameters were obtained from published literature and institutional data. Deterministic, probabilistic, and scenario sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results

4% Tetrasodium EDTA was dominant (more effective and less expensive) compared with taurolidine and heparin, yielding an additional 0.17 QALYs with savings of CAD$88,277 compared with heparin, and an additional 0.06 QALYs with savings of CAD$52,120 compared with taurolidine lock from the healthcare payer perspective. From the societal perspective, 4% tetrasodium EDTA resulted in savings of CAD$90,696 compared with heparin and savings of CAD$36,973 compared with taurolidine lock.

Conclusions

This model‐based analysis indicates that 4% tetrasodium EDTA can be considered the optimal strategy compared with taurolidine and heparin in terms of cost‐effectiveness. The decision uncertainty can be reduced by conducting further research on the model input parameters. An expected value of perfect information analysis can identify what model input parameters would be most valuable to focus on.
Poly(2‐oxazoline)‐Based Polyplexes as a PEG‐Free Plasmid DNA Delivery Platform
Authors: Yamaleyeva Dina N. , Makita Naoki , Hwang Duhyeong , Haney Matthew J. , Jordan Rainer , Kabanov Alexander V.
Published: July 2023

The present study expands the versatility of cationic poly(2‐oxazoline) (POx) copolymers as a polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐free platform for gene delivery to immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. Several block copolymers are developed by varying nonionic hydrophilic blocks (poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) (pMeOx) or poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) (pEtOx), cationic blocks, and an optional hydrophobic block (poly(2‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazoline) (iPrOx). The cationic blocks are produced by side chain modification of 2‐methoxy‐carboxyethyl‐2‐oxazoline (MestOx) block precursor with diethylenetriamine (DET) or tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine (TREN). For the attachment of a targeting ligand, mannose, azide‐alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry methods are employed. Of the two cationic side chains, polyplexes made with DET‐containing copolymers transfect macrophages significantly better than those made with TREN‐based copolymer. Likewise, nontargeted pEtOx‐based diblock copolymer is more active in cell transfection than pMeOx‐based copolymer. The triblock copolymer with hydrophobic block iPrOx performs poorly compared to the diblock copolymer which lacks this additional block. Surprisingly, attachment of a mannose ligand to either copolymer is inhibitory for transfection. Despite similarities in size and design, mannosylated polyplexes result in lower cell internalization compared to nonmannosylated polyplexes. Thus, PEG‐free, nontargeted DET‐, and pEtOx‐based diblock copolymer outperforms other studied structures in the transfection of macrophages and displays transfection levels comparable to GeneJuice, a commercial nonlipid transfection reagent.
Impaired diaphragmatic motility in treatment‐naive adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy improved during nusinersen treatment
Authors: Freigang Maren , Langner Simona , Hermann Andreas , Günther René
Published: July 2023

Introduction/Aims

The leading clinical feature of 5q‐associated spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is symmetric, proximal muscle weakness. Muscles involved in ventilation exhibit a specific pattern of denervation: intercostal muscles are severely atrophic, whereas the diaphragm muscle is less affected. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of diaphragmatic function by ultrasound imaging in adult patients with SMA and to quantify dynamics of diaphragmatic function during nusinersen treatment.

Methods

Diaphragmatic thickness, thickening, and excursion during quiet breathing were assessed in 24 adult patients with SMA type 2 and 3 by diaphragm ultrasound imaging before and during nusinersen treatment and were correlated with spirometric parameters.

Results

Diaphragm thickness was not reduced, but increased in a remarkable proportion of patients, whereas diaphragm thickening and excursion were reduced in about 20% to 30% of nusinersen‐naive, adult patients with SMA types 2 and 3. During 26 months of nusinersen treatment, diaphragm thickening fraction and excursion improved.

Discussion

Diaphragm ultrasound imaging can provide disease‐ and treatment‐relevant information that is not identified during routine clinical assessments and may therefore be a valuable complementary outcome measure.