bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Postoperative Pain Intensity Following the Use of Three Different Canal Preparation Systems: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Salma Issa Daheem
Published: February 2025

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the intensity of postoperative pain after Hand Protaper preparation, Wave One Gold and a HyFlex EDM instrument.
Materials and Methods: Thirty patient were randomly divided into three groups. Endodontic treatment was performed for premolar and molar root canals, and they were filled with gutta-percha and an epoxy resin-based root canal sealer using a lateral condensation technique. Teeth were restored using a resin composite material. A single operator performed the treatments in a single visit for asymptomatic molars, and the patients were asked to record their pain severity during a 12, 24, 36, and 72 h follow-up period using a visual analog scale (VAS). One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test were used for statistical comparisons.
Results: Up to 12 hours, postoperative pain was significantly higher in the group treated by HyFlex EDM (p < 0.01). No differences were seen from 36 hours to 7 days.
Conclusion: For all three techniques, higher pain intensity was seen at 12 hours and then the pain steadily decreased. No significant difference was noted in quality of life, suggesting the filling systems or techniques has a similar effect.
Metadata services, digital collections, and preservation
Authors: Négrel Christian C.
Published: February 2025

Every region, every country, every library has items and content that are important to their culture and the heritage that they pass on to future generations. But what is cultural heritage and what does it consist of? According to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2009), “Cultural heritage includes artefacts, monuments, a group of buildings and sites, museums that have a diversity of values including symbolic, historic, artistic, aesthetic, ethnological or anthropological, scientific and social significance” [UNESCO Institute for Statistics / Cultural Heritage, 2009]. And because of their importance, it is vital that we work to not only protect and preserve the content, but also make it available to the communities we serve and the wider world4. But how can we do this? In this article, we will consider how libraries can increase the visibility of their unique resources to share their cultural heritage with the world, the importance of collaboration in this task, and the impact that this can have.
Formulasi Krim Fraksi Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L) Sebagai Antibakteri Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli
Authors: Saptawati Tunik , Nurwidianingsih Silvia , Girsang Valentina , Aldila Silvy
Published: February 2025

Masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang sering menimpa masyarakat Indonesia bahkan dunia adalah penyakit infeksi kulit dermatosis vesikubulosa. Pengobatan saat ini yang sering digunakan adalah secara topikal berupa krim yang dioleskan pada bagian yang terkena infeksi dengan menggunakan bahan kimia dan obat tradisional. Salah satu tanaman yang mempunyai sifat antibakteri adalah kemangi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli pada sediaan krim fraksi n-heksan daun kemangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Ekstraksi metode maserasi dengan etanol 96% dan fraksinasi metode ekstraksi cair-cair.  Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri metode difusi sumuran. Konsentraksi fraksi n-heksan 15, 30 dan 45%. Uji karakteristik fisik krim meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya serap, daya lekat, dan viskositas. Analisis statistik One-Way Anova dengan uji lanjutan uji Post Hoc Duncan. Daya hambat antibakteri krim fraksi n-heksan ekstrak daun kemangi konsentrasi 15, 30, dan 45% terhadap Staphylococcus aureus adalah 20,09; 21,47; dan 22,43 mm sedangkan Escherichia coli adalah 20,10; 22,83; dan 23,76 mm. Hasil-hasil tersebut termasuk dalam kategori sangat kuat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis statistik dibuktikan bahwa konsentrasi fraksi n-heksan 30% dan 45% pada sediaan krim merupakan efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dengan nilai sig. 0,000 (p<0,5).
Aktivitas Daya Ingat Ekstrak Daun Pecut Kuda (Stachtarpheta jamaicensis L. (Vahl) Pada Mencit Putih (Mus musculus) Dengan Metode Radial Arm Maze
Authors: Septiarini Anita Dwi , Pratama Kharisma Jayak , Andhika Intan Fatna
Published: February 2025

Alzheimer merupakan jenis penyakit demensia yang paling umum. Daun pecut kuda mengandung  senyawa  flavonoid  banyak  digunakan  baik  dalam  studi penuaan fisiologis dan riset model tikus, untuk meneliti penyembuhan penyakit neurodegeneratif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas pemberian ekstrak daun pecut kuda dan dosis efektif ekstrak daun pecut kuda dalam meningkatkan daya ingat mencit. Ekstrak daun pecut kuda dilakukan ekstraksi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dengan metode maserasi. Pengujian aktivitas daya ingat dilakukan pada mencit jantan yang terbagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, kelompok uji ekstrak daun pecut kuda dengan dosis 5, 10 dan 20 mg/kgBB. Pengujian dilakukan dengan metode radial arm maze. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun pecut kuda memiliki aktivitas meningkatkan daya ingat. Hewan uji yang telah diinduksi diberikan perlakuan diketahui mengalami penurunan pada waktu latensi yang dapat dinyatakan hewan uji mengalami kenaikan aktivitas daya ingat. Ekstrak dosis yang efektif adalah dosis 20 mg/kgBB dengan angka selisih waktu latensi sebesar 49,80 detik.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TEH HIJAU (Camellia Sinensis L.) DENGAN EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus) MENGGUNAKAN METODE DPPH
Authors: Illah Galuh Sekar Rahma , Rejeki Endang Sri , Pramukantoro Ganet Eko
Published: February 2025

Tanaman naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) dan teh hijau (Camellia Sinensis L.) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki manfaat sebagai antioksidan. Senyawa antioksidan mampu meredam radikal bebas sehingga menjadi substansi yang tidak berbahaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi aktivitas antioksidan kombinasi daun teh hijau dan kulit buah naga merah dengan dibuat tiga perbandingan yaitu 1:1, 1:2, 2:1. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% sehingga diperoleh ekstrak kental. Ekstrak dilakukan skrining fitokimia, kemudian ekstrak kental dibuat 3 variasi kombinasi yaitu 1:1, 1:2, dan 2:1. Pada pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH secara spektrofotometri. Hasil data persentase aktivitas antioksidan dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan SPSS dengan metode one way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi daun teh hijau dan kulit naga merah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat. Nilai IC50 pada perbandingan 1:1 adalah 13,25 ppm, pada perbandingan 1:2 adalah 12,15 ppm, dan pada perbandingan 2:1 adalah 11,40 ppm. Perbandingan 2:1 merupakan kombinasi terkuat.
Eksplorasi Pengetahuan Suku Tolaki terhadap Penggunaan Tumbuhan sebagai Obat di Desa Iwoimendaa, Ladahai, Lambopini, Lawolia, Tamborasi, Ulukalo dan Watumelewe Kecamatan Iwoimendaa Kabupaten Kolaka
Authors: Safaruddin Safaruddin , Ariati Widya , Sastrawati Andi Nila , Amin Rahmasinar
Published: February 2025

Keanekaragaman hayati mempunyai nilai di bidang kesehatan, salah satunya dalam pemanfaatan tumbuhan sebagai obat. Tumbuhan obat erat kaitannya dengan pengobatan tradisional oleh masyarakat lokal. Eksplorasi pengetahuan lokal mengenai pemanfaatan bahan alam sebagai obat-obatan dilakukan guna mendapatkan informasi tentang data ramuan obat tradisional yang digunakan oleh etnis-etnis di Indonesia. Suku Tolaki merupakan salah satu etnis yang banyak tersebar di wilayah provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara termasuk di daerah kecamatan Iwoimendaa kabupaten Kolaka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengetahuan lokal berkaitan dengan jenis-jenis tumbuhan berkhasiat obat, bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat dan cara pengolahan tumbuhan sebagai obat oleh suku Tolaki di desa Iwoimendaa, Ladahai, Lambopini, Lawolia, Tamborasi, Ulukalo dan Watumelewe Kecamatan Iwoimendaa Kabupaten Kolaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan berdasarkan famili yang digunakan oleh masyarakat suku Tolaki di kecamatan Iwoimendaa terdapat 68 spesies dan 41 famili, dimana yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan adalah dari famili Zingiberaceae. Bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan adalah daun, selanjutnya adalah buah, rimpang, herba, umbi, akar, eksudat/getah, batang dan biji. Cara pengolahan tumbuhan terbanyak adalah direbus. Pengolahan lainnya juga dengan cara diseduh, diparut, ditumbuk, dikunyah, dibalur, ditetes, diremas, dioles, ditempel, diperas dan tanpa diramu.
Dual effects of Camellia sinensis and Andrographis paniculata on hyperglycemia and infection in Drosophila
Authors: Nainu Firzan , Sartini Sartini , Subehan Subehan , Sari Dwi K. , Bahar Muhammad A. , Mudjahid Mukarram , Latada Nadila P. , Asbah Asbah , Hardiyanti Widya , Pratama Muhammad R. , Suhenro Suhenro
Published: February 2025

The coexistence of hyperglycemia and infectious diseases represents a critical global health challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings where it amplifies disease severity and complicates treatment approaches. Medicinal plants such as Camellia sinensis and Andrographis paniculata have gained recognition for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, making them promising candidates for addressing this double health burden. The aim of this study was to establish a preclinical model of hyperglycemia and infection (HI model) using Drosophila melanogaster and to investigate the therapeutic potential of C. sinensis and A. paniculata extracts in alleviating the burden associated with the HI condition. In this study, the HI model was established by simultaneously exposing D. melanogaster larvae to a high-concentration sucrose solution and Staphylococcus aureus for 24 hours. The larvae were then transferred to a high-sucrose diet supplemented with C. sinensis or A. paniculata extracts. Survival assays and molecular analyses were subsequently performed to evaluate the outcomes. Our findings revealed that the combination of hyperglycemia and infection significantly reduced survival rates in the Drosophila model. However, treatment with 1.25% C. sinensis and A. paniculata extracts notably improved survival, attributed to their antibacterial activity and regulation of key molecular pathways involved in immune responses, metabolic balance, and endogenous antioxidant defenses. These findings validate the utility of D. melanogaster as a model organism for investigating the double burden of HI. Furthermore, the study offers compelling evidence of the dual therapeutic potential of C. sinensis and A. paniculata in mitigating the detrimental effects of this condition. Overall, this research underscores the significant promise of plant-derived compounds in managing HI and paves the way for future studies to explore their underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications.
A Comparative Study of Lending Ratios Related to Credit Risk Management in Indian Public and Private Sector Banks
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of E.A.F.M, S.P.C. Govt. College, Ajmer,, Meena Dr. Mahesh Chand , Nagrwal Dr.Rajkumar ,   Assistant professor, Department of A.B.S. T, S.P.C. Govt. College
Published: February 2025

In developing nations like India, economic stability & growth are significantly influenced by performance of banking institutions. Return on assets (ROA), Total Loan to Deposit Ratio (TLTD), Gross Non-Performing Assets (GNNA), Net Non-Performing Assets (NNPA), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) were compared to understand the financial performance of public and private sector banks in India. Primary goals of this research were to assess the operational effectiveness, risk management procedures, and financial stability of public and private sector banks. Variations in financial metrics across the study period 2009 to 2023 are also discussed for180 banks of public and private sector. Statistical techniques such as the Independent Samples T-test along with the Mann-Whitney U-test have been employed to evaluate the differences in financial variables comparing each of the bank types. It was found that private sector banks exceed public sector banks in fundamental financial indices such as CAR, GNNA, NNPA, & ROA. Public sector banks are impacted with a greater proportion of non-performing assets regardless of whether they have better capital sufficiency. On the contrary hand, private sector banks are less volatile and more economically viable. The findings indicate that private sector banks seem to operate more efficiently and handle risks better. The research proposes measures for legislative amendments aimed at strengthening the asset quality of public sector banks while also improving the banking sector's sustainability.
Innovating Urban Sustainability: The Role of Nanomaterials in Smart City - Indore
Authors:   Research Scholar, Rabindranath Tagore University Bhopal (M.P.),, Rupana Mr. Balvinder , Loomba Dr. Atul , Shrivastava Preeti , Sharma Yashasvi
Published: February 2025

The rapid urbanization and population growth in cities like Indore necessitate innovative solutions to address sustainability challenges. This research paper explores the integration of sustainable nanomaterials within the framework of Smart City Indore, highlighting their potential to enhance urban sustainability initiatives. Sustainable nanomaterials, characterized by their unique properties at the nanoscale, offer significant advantages in various applications such as water purification, energy efficiency, environmental remediation, and construction. This study employs a mixed-methods approach for data collection, including a comprehensive literature review, surveys and interviews with key stakeholders, field observations, and case studies of existing projects in Indore. The analysis focuses on identifying effective nanomaterials and their applications while evaluating the benefits and challenges associated with their implementation. Findings indicate that sustainable nanomaterials can significantly improve water treatment processes, enhance the efficiency of renewable energy systems, and contribute to cleaner urban environments through effective pollution remediation. However, challenges such as regulatory frameworks, public perception, and technical feasibility must be addressed to fully realize their potential. In conclusion, this research underscores the critical role of sustainable nanomaterials in promoting urban sustainability in Smart City Indore. By leveraging innovative technologies and fostering collaboration among stakeholders, Indore can serve as a model for other cities aiming to achieve a balance between growth and ecological stewardship. Future research directions are proposed to further explore the economic implications and public acceptance of nanotechnology in urban settings.
Driving Business Growth through Electronic Payment Systems: The Role of E-Payments in Enhancing SMEs in Nigeria
Authors: T. F. Adesina, , F. B. Adegboye, , A. A. Isibor, , J. K. Afolabi,
Published: February 2025

This study examines the impact of electronic payment systems on the business performance of small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. Leveraging survey data from 300 SME owners in Lagos, the research highlights the role of e-payment platforms in enhancing profitability, customer growth, and accountability. Results show that 52% of variations in SME profitability are explained by the adoption of electronic payments, while 48% of customer growth are similarly attributed. Despite challenges like technical constraints and infrastructure inadequacies, findings suggest that e-payment systems are indispensable tools for modern business operations. The study concludes with recommendations for stakeholders, including increased investment in digital infrastructure, training programs for SMEs, and policy support to address system inefficiencies. These findings contribute to the discourse on technology adoption in emerging markets, underscoring the critical role of electronic payment systems in driving SME growth.
Implementing high accuracy and model reliability in credit scoring using improved EWOA-BP algorithm
Authors: Yanqin Fan, Haiwu Huang, Guolin Wu
Published: February 2025

Credit assessment is a key problem in the field of finance, which can predict whether a user has the risk of delinquency, thereby reducing the loss of bad debts. BP neural network has been widely used in credit evaluation because of its excellent ability of data learning and induction. However, it also has disadvantages, such as slow convergence and being susceptible to local outliers. Swarm-based intelligence algorithms offer advantages such as simplicity of use, rapid convergence, and powerful global optimization capabilities, making them effective optimization algorithms. In order to improve the convergence speed and prediction accuracy of BP neural network in credit evaluation, this paper constructs EWOA-BP model based on improved whale algorithm. Firstly, we propose a multi-strategy Enhanced Whale Algorithm (EWOA) by introducing a new non-linear decrease approach based on cosine function, a unique exploration technique that employs leader-based adaptive tangent travel, and a novel exploitation strategy, which can effectively balance the exploration and exploitation, reduce the risk of local optima trapping, and accelerate the convergence speed while ensuring the accuracy. Secondly, the Enhanced whale algorithm is used to optimize the neural network and construct the EWOA-BP model. Finally, the Enhanced Whale Algorithm (EWOA) is verified and analyzed by using 23 classical benchmark functions, and the performance is excellent. The EWOA-BP model is validated on three credit assessment datasets, and by comparing it with 10 contemporary algorithms, the results show that the EWOA-BP model obtains better performance in personal credit assessment, and comprehensively concludes that EWOA-BP algorithm is effective and more competitive.
The Implementation of Quasi-Oriented Rotor Field Control Algorithm for Induction Motor Traction Systems
Authors:   University of Craiova, Mihăiță Lincă , Constantin Vlad Suru ,   University of Craiova, Mihaela Popescu ,   University of Craiova, Alexandru Bitoleanu ,   University of Craiova, Cristian Bratu ,   University of Craiova
Published: February 2025

A rotor field quasi-oriented control algorithm for drive systems equipped with a low cost DSP system has been implemented and experimentally validated in this paper. The system is designed for induction motor traction systems. The control algorithm implementation was done for a dSPACE DS1103 prototyping board in the Matlab Simulink environment. The control algorithm principle is based on the assumption that the current system is oriented by the rotor flux and the real flux follows the imposed value. Therefore, the rotor flux estimation is no longer necessary as well as the flux control loop. This makes the control algorithm suitable for low cost industrial DSP applications. The drawback is given by the fact that the current projections on the dq axes cannot be regulated, the current control being done by means of the current phasor magnitude. The control system implementation was validated with good results, in terms of current and speed regulation especially at variable mechanical load (such as track joints or switches), making this method suitable not only for low cost traction systems, but especially for railway vehicles.
Equipment for Energizing and Controlling the Operation of Synchronous Power Motors
Authors:   University of Craiova, Gheorghe-Eugen Subțirelu , Petre Pistol ,   National Institute for Research, Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering (ICMET) Craiova, Adrian Vintilă ,   National Institute for Research, Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering (ICMET) Craiova, Cosmin Ionuț Toma ,   University of Craiova
Published: February 2025

It is known that the use of synchronous motors in variable speed drives to simultaneously generate mechanical power and reactive power is among the most effective methods of improving the power factor in electrical distribution networks. Also, the adoption of automatic excitation control has expanded the application field of synchronous motors to handle high-load shock drives. Modern digital control systems designed for controlling the excitation of synchronous motors have revitalized the significance of these machines. This paper presents a synchronous motor excitation control system that provides a fully digital solution for the design of equipment to supply excitation and control the operation of high power synchronous motors. This system can be easily parameterized for low and medium voltage synchronous motor drives of various rated powers, with asynchronous starting capability. An application of the system to the realization of an equipment for excitation power supply and operation control of high power synchronous motors is also presented. The equipment was realized in prototype version and after successful laboratory tests it was successfully produced in series and used to build electric drives for ore mills using asynchronous motors of 2.93 MVA.
Analysis of the Performance of Distribution Transformers under Short Circuit Conditions. Experiments
Authors:   National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering-ICMET Craiova, Daniela Iovan , Andrei-Alexandru Poenaru ,   National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering-ICMET Craiova, Cristian-Eugeniu Sălceanu ,   National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering-ICMET Craiova, Daniel-Constantin Ocoleanu ,   National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering-ICMET Craiova, Teodor Popa ,   National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering-ICMET Craiova, Dan Stefan ,   National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering-ICMET Craiova, Sorin Enache ,   University of Craiova
Published: February 2025

The design of power transformers is heavily influenced by their performance during short circuit. This paper explores the experimental analysis of a power transformer with circular concentric coils, utilizing metal foil conductor in the low-voltage winding, and a rated power of 2000 kVA. To validate its behavior, the study employs Frequency Response Analysis (FRA), a widely recommended diagnostic method for identifying internal faults in power transformers. Furthermore, the paper provides insights into the design specifics of power transformers used in renewable energy power plants. By highlighting the unique aspects and criticalities examined, this study establishes itself as a niche contribution to understanding safety in transformer operation. The research also delves into experiments conducted in a high-power laboratory to investigate how transformers respond to the dynamic effects of short circuit. Particular attention is given to the thermal and mechanical impacts of short circuit currents, with an emphasis on their negative consequences. Additionally, the paper discusses a system configuration where direct current (DC) produced by photovoltaic cells is converted into alternating current (AC) using one or more inverters connected to the low-voltage windings of a step-up transformer. Finally, the study underscores the importance of assessing the short circuit behavior of power transformer, focusing on the irreversible deformations caused by axial and radial forces during short circuit events.
Assessment of Corona with Partial Discharge and Radio Interference Measurement Circuits
Authors:   University of Craiova, National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering Craiova, Elena-Denisa Burada , Mihaela Popescu ,   University of Craiova, Tania Nicoară ,   National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering Craiova, Viorica Voicu ,   National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering Craiova, Ionel Dumbravă ,   National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering Craiova
Published: February 2025

The paper presents how the physical phenomenon, corona discharge, can be assessed using circuits for measuring partial discharges (PD) and radio disturbances. In test circuits for PD measurement, corona discharges may also be present as a disturbing element at certain test voltages, even if all measures are taken to avoid them. The main features and differences between the PD measurement circuit and radio interference voltage measurement circuit are presented, which include the measurement systems and their calibration methods. So for the PD measurement are presented calibration of the PD circuit with the same impulse charge but using different type of filters at PD instrument (wideband and narrowband). For the radio interference voltage measurement is presented calibration of the test circuit with the same voltage but with using different frequencies at the electromagnetic interference receiver. In a test circuit simulating the occurrence of corona discharges, corona discharges were evaluated at different test voltages using the same measurement frequencies for the two systems. Differences were observed between the results obtained with the same measurement frequencies for the two systems, differences that were maintained regardless of the measurement system used. The UV spectrum and the electric field of these discharges are correlated with the applied voltage. To assess the corona discharges, the electric field generated by these discharges at the highest test voltages was also measured.
Exploring NI AutoML Application for Simulated Waveforms
Authors:   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Eliza Maria Olariu , Horia Hedesiu ,   Technical University of Cluj-Napoca
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the importance of finding the suitable configurations for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning algorithms and correct data preprocessing for a waveform problem. In the Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning area, this step is one of the most important and it influences the performance result of the model. The experiments of different configurations were done using National Instruments Automated Machine Learning (NI AutoML), a web application created for everyone that allows us to easily change the configurations of the model by just clicking some buttons. This work shows how the model performance is influenced by modifying what columns of data to use, by data splitting or by adding or deleting preprocessing steps in the pipeline. All the results obtained for the different experiments are analyzed in this paper. The proposed flow is generic enough to be applied for all the use cases. To exemplify the whole process, a synthetic data set obtained by generating current and voltage in an RL circuit was chosen and the experiments part was created. The data represent two waveforms: one for current and one for voltage and they represent data recorded during the test time. In the end process each test has a label associated: Pass or Fail. The classification problem was defined for help in improving the fail detection rate.
Pneumatic System for Compacting Food Waste Packaging
Authors:   University of Craiova, Ionel Laurenţiu Alboteanu , Mircea Adrian Drighiciu ,   University of Craiova, Ecaterina Maria Drighiciu ,   Distributie Oltenia, Florin Ravigan ,   University of Craiova
Published: February 2025

The paper presents an automatic system for compacting metal, plastic and glass waste from food consumption (boxes or empty cans). The compaction process is found in waste recycling systems. The purpose of this work is to analyze the main stages of designing an electro-pneumatic drive and automation system for a waste compactor used in food packaging, starting with the creation of the specifications document and ending with the development of a control structure in a classic version – control circuits with contacts and relays, or by using programmable logic controllers (PLCs). To design and validate the control circuits, the FLUIDSIM simulation environment was used, and the experimental validation involved building a functional small-scale model of the compaction device and analyzing its operation in laboratory conditions. Additionally, aside from the educational and research goals, which involve proposing a solution and verifying it through numerical simulation and on a small-scale experimental model, the work also aims to integrate the proposed solution into an automated packaging collection equipment within the Deposit-Return System (SGR). Packaging collection machines located in commercial centers do not have compaction modules integrated into their structure, and thus blockages often occur due to the rapid filling of the collection containers. The introduction of compaction modules would significantly reduce the waste volume and transportation costs for the collection centers.
Aspects Regarding the Operation of Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems for Industrial Halls
Authors:   University of Craiova, Monica-Adela Enache , Elena-Mihaela Enache ,   “Ion Mincu” University, Mara Pauliuc ,   “Ion Mincu” University
Published: February 2025

This paper emphasizes, once again, the importance of ventilation systems for ensuring thermal comfort in industrial spaces. For this purpose, a dynamic fault regime of variable reluctance synchronous motors (RSM) used to drive such systems (case of occurring an accidental resistive torque) is analyzed from a theoretical point of view (with experimental confirmation). At the beginning, an introduction in the issues of the paper is made. A brief bibliographic analysis and some relevant images regarding the air flow driven by industrial ventilation and air conditioning systems are presented. In order to analyze dynamic regimes of RSM, a Matlab program was carried out, by using a mathematical model written in the two axes theory. A series of graphs have been obtained by running it for a specific case; they emphasize the evolution over time of the main electrical, magnetic and mechanical quantities of the motor. There have been obtained different evolutions of the operation points in various coordinates (phase current, longitudinal and transverse currents of the stator and rotor, magnetization current, magnetization flux, magnetization flux components, torque and speed). The graphs obtained led to a series of relevant conclusions regarding the behavior of the driving motor of the installation (conclusions regard the way in which an increase in the resistant torque influences the values and durations of the analyzed dynamic quantities). The paper ends with Acknowledgment and the corresponding References.
Remote Communication in the Substation's SCADA System
Authors:   University of Craiova, Cosmin-Ionuț Toma , Mihaela Popescu ,   University of Craiova, Mihăiță-Daniel Constantinescu ,   University of Craiova, Gabriel-Cosmin Buzatu ,   University of Craiova
Published: February 2025

The aim of this paper is the implementation and validation of a mobile phone remote connection to a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system (SCADA) of a railway traction substation. The implementation was done not only to optimize the time in which the user intervenes within the electrical substations, in case of a fault or other event, but mostly to be able to react in unforeseen situations where the person in charge is not and cannot quickly reach the electrical substation or even the remote desktop. For this, the operator can connect to the system using the mobile phone and the corresponding mobile phone software using an interface similar to the remote desktop. Therefore, the operator can hand the fault and make the required actions or improvements. The proposed system gives the ability to optimize the intervention costs considering the required trips to the electrical substation, and even more the trip to the SCADA remote desktop station. Therefore, a wireless remote connection method is approached via the mobile phone network to the SCADA system.
Comparative Analysis Concerning the Use of the Thermal Potential of Combustion Gases in Industrial Cogeneration Systems
Authors:   University of Craiova, Radu-Cristian Dinu , Felicia-Elena Stan-Ivan ,   University of Craiova, Gabriel-Cosmin Buzatu ,   University of Craiova
Published: February 2025

Cogeneration is defined as the process of simultaneous production of heat and electricity, with the same installation (heat engine-electric generator group, turbine, etc.). Unlike classic Thermal Power Plants, cogeneration plants can be sized in correlation with the thermal energy requirement, which means that electricity is considered a "secondary" product. Throughout the article, taking into account the general theoretical aspects of the definition and operation of cogeneration systems, through the prism of specific energy indicators, the results obtained in the case of the implementation of a cogeneration system that uses the energy potential of gases are studied of combustion, for the production of the thermal agent for heating and preparation of hot water for consumption. of steam. From a functional point of view, at the level of a refinery, three superheated steam networks are needed, corresponding to three different pressure domains, which means that the results obtained in the study as the case may be, to refer to three distinct modes of operation of the cogeneration system. The main purpose of the operation of such a system for the combined production of electrical and thermal energy is to obtain as much energy as possible in the form of mechanical work by expanding steam in the turbines.
Prior and Post-Covid-19 vaccination in Developing Countries: Does Household Willingness to Pay for Vaccine Matter?
Authors: Kulindwa Yusuph John , Lothy Harun John
Published: February 2025

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted human life and made it necessary to examine the WTP for vaccines against the pandemic. Studying factors affecting the WTP for the COVID-19 vaccine before and after vaccination is crucial to understand the household WTP in these two situations. Following the panic from the pandemic, we anticipate different views and responses before and after the vaccine arrives in the country. We interviewed (461 and 396) respondents before and after the vaccine arrived in the country, respectively. The study aimed to uncover the driving factors of household WTP for vaccines before and after arrival in the country. In this study we found before and after vaccine arrived in Tanzania 95.23% and 99.49%, respectively were aware about the COVID-19 pandemic.  The main source of information before and after vaccines arrived was social media. However, fear of the vaccine's adverse health effects was the main driver of unwillingness to pay for the vaccine in both situations. Furthermore, results show that people's occupations positively and significantly influenced the WTP for the COVID-19 vaccine. To increase vaccination uptake and reduce fears of adverse health effects, we recommend government establish educational programs about the benefits and possible side effects before and after the adoption of vaccines in a particular country.
Rethinking olfactory nerve assessment: A critical review of alcohol swabs versus essential oils
Authors: Esther Nyiva Mutungi  , Fredrick Ochieng’ Omogah
Published: February 2025

The olfactory nerve, essential for sensory perception, plays a vital role in detecting and interpreting odorants. Its assessment is traditionally conducted using ethanol swabs, which are widely regarded for their simplicity and accessibility. However, the use of alcohol in clinical olfactory testing presents notable limitations, including discomfort for patients and potential inaccuracies in results. Alcohol, as a nociceptive intranasal odorant, can stimulate the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) rather than the olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I), thereby bypassing or confounding the intended sensory pathway. This unintended activation may compromise the reliability of the assessment and obscure true olfactory deficits. This review evaluates the limitations of alcohol in olfactory assessments and proposes essential oils as a viable alternative. Essential oils, such as peppermint, lavender, and eucalyptus, offer a diverse range of recognizable scents with favorable safety profiles. Unlike alcohol, these oils do not irritate the nasal mucosa and are less likely to trigger the trigeminal nerve, ensuring a more targeted and accurate evaluation of olfactory function. Furthermore, essential oils provide the added benefit of patient comfort, which may improve cooperation and compliance during testing. A shift toward the use of essential oils in olfactory testing could significantly enhance the accuracy and patient experience of clinical assessments. However, to establish essential oils as a standard in medical practice, further research is required. Studies should focus on standardizing testing protocols, optimizing concentrations, and evaluating cost-effectiveness to ensure their widespread and effective adoption.
Film-centric science communication: Striking a balance between accuracy and visual storytelling
Authors: Matiur Rahman  , Tausif Ahmed Sayed  , Moumita Mazumdar
Published: February 2025

What began as Public Understanding of Science (PUS) has over the years, transformed into Public Awareness of Science (PAS) and then to Public Engagement of Science (PES). However, what also remained at the center of the thought was the fact of ‘bringing a new urgency to the question of the communication of science’ to the public. With more widespread scientific literacy, the workers would be able to do their jobs better, managers and government would make better decisions and industry would become more competitive. In their personal lives, people would make better choices about their lifestyles, particularly if they understand risk better. Though the number of science films produced over the years has seen a rise, it has not been matched by the scholarly studies on them. Since celluloid films and television programs run larger risk of content dilution in order to appeal to a larger audience, it often results in a distortion of scientific facts while producing a media product. It is, therefore, important to apply caution during production and post-production of science films to ensure authenticity of content being treated in them. Research studies on this particular aspect of science film production is also seeking attention from scholars. Another important area where not enough research has been undertaken concerns the impact of science films as a media for science communication. This paper studies the literature that analyses the impact of science films and examines how effective films have proved for the public appreciation and understanding of science.
Nature and Landscape in Derek Walcott’s Poetry
Authors: Singh Shaleen Kumar
Published: February 2025

The present research paper will examine the role of nature and landscape in the poetry of Derek Walcott, the Nobel laureate and prominent poet of the Caribbean. The present paper aims to explore how Walcott’s vivid imagery of the Caribbean environment functions as a stage and character, allowing him to address overarching themes and explore the complex connection between humans and nature with an examination of Walcott’s deep-rooted connection with the Caribbean landscape, his masterful evocation of the region’s ecology, and his use of nature as a powerful metaphor for various thematic contexts. The paper also discusses Walcott’s critical exploration of the ethical dimensions of human relationality to the natural order, calling upon readers to ponder the positionality of the human web within the matrix of life and embrace a transformative narrative centred on cooperation among all living beings.
Book Review of Food Cultures of India, edited by Sarit K. Chaudhuri, Debarshi Prasad Nath and Dhurjjati Sarma.
Authors: Goutam Gargee
Published: February 2025

Food is not just a means of subsistence. It can be considered as an artefact that embodies within it the history, culture and identity of a class or community. Of late, Food Studies has evolved as a critical lens for analyzing culture as it offers insights into the values and dynamics of culture, opening up myriads of possibilities for academic exploration across multiple disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, history, and cultural studies. Food, due to its connection to memories, rituals and identities has become a vital tool to understand human societies. Sarit K. Chaudhuri, Debarshi Prasad Nath, and Dhurjjati Sarma’s edited collection Food Cultures of India brings together academicians and scholars across multiple disciplines to investigate and interpret the multifaceted nature of food. The collection, through its five thematic sections, adeptly highlights food as a lens to explore identity, memory, gender, and power. This review evaluates the strengths and limitations of the book, reflecting on its contributions to Food Studies and its engagement with the complexities of Indian food culture.
Derechos de terceros sobre la cosa vendida o contenido digital suministrado: el tratamiento de la falta de conformidad jurídica en la legislación protectora de consumidores
Authors: Sánchez Lería Reyes
Published: February 2025

El nuevo régimen jurídico de la falta de conformidad para las compraventas de consumo y el contrato de suministro de contenidos y servicios digitales incorpora, de forma novedosa, la regulación de la denominada falta de conformidad jurídica del bien o contenido digital suministrado (art. 117.2 TRLGDCU). El precepto realiza una declaración general de responsabilidad del empresario, aplicable tanto a los contratos de compraventa como a los contratos de suministro, cuando existan derechos de terceros que impidan o limiten la utilización del bien o del contenido digital y ello determine una falta de conformidad de acuerdo con los requisitos objetivos o subjetivos.En el contrato de compraventa, la falta de conformidad jurídica del bien se identifica con supuestos en los que existe un derecho de tercero sobre el mismo que impide o limita su utilización por parte del consumidor. En el contrato de suministro de contenidos digitales, sin embargo, serán determinadas facultades o características de los mismos las que se verán afectadas por derechos concurrentes de terceros, esencialmente los relativos a la propiedad intelectual de los contenidos. Precisamente, con este estudio tratamos de esclarecer el sentido del precepto en uno y otro contrato (compraventa/suministro), proponiendo soluciones interpretativas para lograr una protección eficaz del consumidor teniendo en cuenta los intereses en juego.
SENTENCIAS COMENTADAS. Prohibición de pisos turísticos en comunidades de vecinos, antes del art. 17.12 LPH, según la Jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo
Authors: Cerdeira Bravo de Mansilla Guillermo
Published: February 2025

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Some artificial intelligence tools may currently be useful in orthopedic surgery and traumatology
Authors: Rodriguez-Merchan Emerito Carlos
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) can help in diagnosing fractures and demonstrating effusions, dislocations, and focal bone lesions in both adult and pediatric aged individuals and also aid in early tumor discovery (bone osteosarcoma) and in robot-assisted surgery. A recent AI model [Mask R-CNN (region-based convolutional neural network)] has shown to be dependable for detecting surgical target zones in pediatric hip and periarticular infections, offering a more convenient and quicker alternative to conventional methods. It can help inexperienced physicians in pre-treatment evaluations, diminishing the risk of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. AI has some very interesting applications in orthopedic surgery, which orthopedic surgeons should be aware of and if possible use. Although some interesting advances have been made recently on AI in orthopedic surgery, its usefulness in clinical practice is still very limited. Ethical concerns, such as transparency in AI decision-making, data privacy, and the potential loss of human intuition cannot be forgotten. Besides, it is paramount to explore how to gain trust from both healthcare professionals and patients in the utilization of AI.
Effectiveness of sub-acromial injections in rotator cuff injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Goulart Luana Tossolini , Matsunaga Fabio Teruo , Belloti Joao Carlos , Netto Nicola Archetti , Paim Thays Sellan , Tamaoki Marcel Jun Sugawara
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Sub-acromial injections are a therapeutic option for rotator cuff injuries; however, evidence regarding the most effective drug in this context is unclear, which needs to be investigated.

AIM

To evaluate the effectiveness of various sub-acromial injections for rotator cuff injuries.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic review and pair-wise and network meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing sub-acromial injections for rotator cuff injuries. The interventions evaluated were hyaluronic acid (HA), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), prolotherapy, and corticosteroids. The outcomes of interest were pain and functional improvement, which were evaluated with standardized scores. The Risk of Bias 2 tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology were used to assess data quality.

RESULTS

Twenty RCTs, comprising 1479 participants, were included. In the short term, HA achieved the best outcomes [pain mean difference (MD) = -1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.37 to -0.59; function MD = 10.18, 95%CI: 4.96-15.41]. In the medium term, HA, PRP, HA + PRP, and corticosteroids were not superior to placebo in improving pain. Based on function, HA + PRP was superior to placebo, corticosteroids, and PRP (MD = 26.72; 95%CI: 8.02-45.41). In the long term, HA, PRP, and corticosteroids were not superior to placebo in reducing pain. However, based on function, HA + PRP, PRP, and HA were superior to placebo, and HA + PRP had the best result (MD = 36.64; 95%CI: 31.66-33.62).

CONCLUSION

HA provides satisfactory short-term results, while HA with PRP demonstrates functional improvement in the medium and long terms. However, no intervention maintained the pain-relief effect on > 3-month follow-up.
ANALISIS SUBSEKTOR PERIKANAN DI KABUPATEN OKU TIMUR PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Iman Sulaiman  , Solehan  , Reza Agustina
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk: 1) Untuk mengetahui jenis ikan unggul di OKU Timur. 2) Untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan komoditas subsektor perikanan di OKU Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil perhitungan Location Quotient pada tahun 2019-2023 jenis ikan yang teridentifikasi sebagai ikan basis (Unggulan) yaitu ikan Patin 2,86 dan ikan Bawal nilai LQ yaitu 4,74. Produksi ikan patin dan bawal di Kabupaten OKU Timur lebih seimbang dengan pembanding produksi ikan patin dan bawal di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Sedangkan untuk ikan non basis (tidak unggul) yaitu komoditas ikan nila, mas, lele dan gurame merupakan jenis komoditas ikan yang tidak unggul nilai LQ < 1 di OKU Timur. Nilai LQ 0,26 untuk ikan nila, nilai LQ 0,21 untuk ikan mas, nilai LQ 0,35 untuk ikan lele, dan nilai LQ 0,37 untuk ikan gurame. Hasil Analisis Shift Share menunjukkan bahwa produksi ikan di Kabupaten OKU Timur yang mengalami pertumbuhan yang baik (+) adalah ikan Patin yaitu sebesar 21.847,56 Ton. Kemudian ikan Nila yaitu sebesar 27.702,34 Ton, ikan Lele yaitu sebesar 1.527,18 Ton, ikan Mas yaitu sebesar 81,51 Ton. Empat ikan tersebut mempunyai pertumbuhan produksi yang baik karena menunjukan hasil yang positif. Hal ini disebabkan karena produksi pada tahun awal analisis dan tahun akhir analisis terus mengalami peningkatan. Sedangkan dua jenis ikan yaitu Gurame -2.835.18 dan Bawal -11,64 memiliki nilai negatif (-) yang artinya pertumbuhan produksi ikan nya lambat, karena ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan produksi ikan tersebut lambat (-).