bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PUTUSAN BEBAS TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PEMALSUAN SURAT PADA RAPAT UMUM PEMEGANG SAHAM (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN NOMOR 2834/ Pid.B/2020/PN SBY)
Authors: Merah Kobar Bumi
Published: November 2022

Pemalsuan surat merupakan suatu perbuatan terlarang yang dilakukan dengan cara membuat atau memalsukan surat sehingga menimbulkan hak tertentu sebagaimana diatur pada ketentuan Pasal 263 Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana. Berdasarkan putusan perkara Nomor 2834/Pid.B/2020/PN. Sby terdapat dugaan pemalsuan dokumen pada proses jual beli saham serta perubahan jajaran direksi dan komisaris pada Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS) PT HSJ yang menimulkan kerugian materi. Guna mencari kebenaran atas dugaan tersebut Penyidik melakukan uji Lanoratoris Kriminalistik dan ditemukan fakta bahwa terdapat tanda tangan dari KH yang dipalsukan. Temuan tanda tangan palsu tersebut tidak dipertimbangkan oleh majelis hakim dalam memutus perbuatan terdakwa, sehingga terdakwa dinyatakan (vrijspraak) atau bebas dari segala dakwaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang serta pendekatan konseptual dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji unsur-unsur tindak pidana pemalsuan serta mengkaji kesesuaian dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam memutus bebas terdakwa pada perkara tersebut. Berdasarkan penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa putusan bebas (vrijspraak) yang diberikan oleh majelis merupakan keputusan yang kurang tepat karena tidak mempertimbangkan temuan tanda tangan palsu sebagaimana unsur tindak pidana pemalsuan surat berdasarkan pasal 263 ayat (1) KUHP.
VALIDITAS PENGGUNAAN NOMINEE AGREEMENT DALAM KEPEMILIKAN SAHAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Alfaris Maulana Reyza
Published: November 2022

Dengan mayoritas sektor industri dan bisnis yang mengalami perkembangan pesat belakangan ini, Indonesia bertransformasi menjadi pemain kunci dan signifikan dalam perekonomian global. Tantangan yang sedang berlangsung adalah menemukan keseimbangan antara menjadikan negara ini sebagai tempat yang menarik bagi investor untuk mengembangkan bisnis mereka dan menyediakan aliran investasi asing skala besar. Meskipun pada prinsipnya Undang-Undang No. 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal (“UUPM”) menjamin perlakuan yang sama bagi setiap penanam modal di Indonesia, penanam modal asing wajib mematuhi semua peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia. Sebagai cara untuk mengakomodir pembatasan- pembatasan tersebut, pihak asing biasanya mengadakan apa yang disebut sebagai nominee arrangement dengan pihak Indonesia. Praktisnya, keabsahan dan kekuatan mengikat nominee arrangement sering ditentang dalam kaitannya dengan penggunaannya dalam menghindari larangan berdasarkan hukum dan peraturan yang berlaku terkait dengan investasi, terutama ketika perjanjian tersebut mengakibatkan perselisihan antara pihak- pihak yang terlibat.Secara normatif, praktik nominee arrangement dilarang berdasarkan UUPM Indonesia. Maksud dari pembatasan adalah untuk menghindari suatu perjanjian dimana suatu perusahaan secara formal dimiliki oleh salah satu pihak sedangkan secara manfaat dimiliki oleh pihak lain. Melalui artikel ini, penulis mencoba membahas isu terkait keabsahan praktik nominee arrangement dalam kaitannya dengan kegiatan investasi di Indonesia.
THE THE REPORTING DELAY OF ACQUISITION OF COMPANIES IN THE POST MERGER NOTIFICATION SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE LAW OF BUSINESS COMPETITION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sabirin Ahmad
Published: November 2022

The implementation of post-merger notification in Indonesia makes it very difficult for the reporting itself and the finances of business actors. For that, the authors recommend that the implementation of the pre-merger notification is a good thing to be implemented in Indonesia, where the pre-merger notification system has been tested in several countries in the United States, Australia, Japan, South Korea, and Germany as well as several ASEAN member countries, such as Thailand, Singapore and the Philippines. Thus, business actors wishing to merge have made prior reports and notifications to KPPU, so that in conducting assessment, monitoring and supervision can prevent monopolistic practices and unfair business competition. As far as possible, this will provide many advantages and efficiency both for business actors and for KPPU in conducting monitoring and supervision due to the practice of mergers.
Perioperative management of patients with proximal femur fractures
Authors: Protsenko Denis N. , Yamshikov Oleg N. , Marchenko Alexander P. , Emelyanov Sergey A.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. We analyze the perioperative management results among patients with proximal femur fractures after surgical treatment in the Traumatology Department of the Kotovsk City Clinical Hospital in 2021. An increase in the proportion of the elderly and senile population (60–90 years old) inevitably leads to an increase in the number of proximal femur fractures, which obliges the traumatology departments in hospitals to allocate more forces and funds to assist this category of patients, to introduce and apply not only modern surgical and anesthesiological techniques, but also new approaches to the perioperative management of patients and especially patients over 60 years old, who, as a rule, have several concomitant diseases complicating the course of the underlying disease. The use of a multidisciplinary approach, a full-fledged laboratory and instrumental examination, detection of concomitant pathology and its correction, performing surgical interventions no later than 48 hours from the moment of admission to the hospital, adequate high-quality anesthesia, early initiation of mobilization measures no later than 24 hours, correct calculation of the permissible load on the operated limb allow achieving good results in the surgical treatment of patients with proximal femur fractures. This contributes to improving the quality of life among patients after surgery and their return to an active full-fledged life, despite their age.
Regional features of structure of fatal children’s transport injuries in the Saratov and Tambov Regions
Authors: Savenkova Ekaterina N. , Kurzin Leonid M. , Efimov Alexander A.
Published: November 2022

To identify regional features of the structure of fatal child transport trauma we conducted a retrospective study based on the materials of forensic medical examinations of children’s corpses under the age of 18 who died as a result of transport injury in the Saratov and Tambov Regions in 2010–2020. Significant differences in the studied regions were revealed when comparing the proportions of different types of transport injuries with a significant predominance of automobile injuries in the Saratov Region and a greater frequency of railway injuries and injuries on two-wheeled vehicles in the Tambov Region. Most significantly, these differences were in children aged 12–17 years, among whom in the Tambov region all types of transport and automobile inju-ries were distributed almost evenly, and in the Saratov Region, this age group was significantly dominated by passenger injury with a slight frequency of other injury types. We note regional pe-culiarities in the ratio of types of car injuries, manifested in a greater proportion of dead pedestrian children in the Saratov Region, child passengers in the Tambov Region. Similar indicators in the structure of children's transport injuries in the regions were the ratio of the proportions of boys and girls, seasonality and the proportion of alcohol-associated injury cases.
Thoroughbred Racehorse Hoof Care at ECLIPSE STUD AND STABLE
Authors: Anggraeni Henny Endah , Rachmawati Febby , Sutiyarmo Sutiyarmo
Published: November 2022

Background: Horse hooves have a reasonably heavy function and role, so it is susceptible to abnormalities and diseases. Horse hooves care makes horses more comfortable and protects coffin bone and laminae. Purpose: Explain how thoroughbred horse hooves are proper and correct in Eclipse Stud And Stable to make the horse healthy and grow optimally. Method: Direct observation of horse hooves' treatment, cutting, and paving was conducted by participating in farrier activities in the field and supported by related journal journals as supporting data in completing the information. Results: Horse hooves care every 2-3 days. Hoof care examines hoof condition, hoof cleaning, and horseshoe replacement. Horseshoe replacement once a month. The stage of horseshoe replacement is to open the old horseshoe, hoof cutting, select, and install horseshoes. Conclusions: Horse hooves treatment in eclipse Stud and Stable has been well implemented, as indicated by no problems with horse hooves.
Percentage of Parent Stock Chicken Eggs with Thin Shells in Battery Cage and Postal Cage Maintenance Methods at Farm Cariu Bogor
Authors: Septiana Anggri , Sofyan Miyayu Soneta , Ma'ruf Anwar , Yuliani M. Gandul Atik
Published: November 2022

Background: In the maintenance of parent stock chicken, egg production is the main thing to consider because this will produce quality DOC chickens. In this case, the eggshell affects the hatchability of eggs, affecting the egg productivity level. Purpose: To determine the effect of differences in cage maintenance methods on the case of eggs with thin shells. Eggs with thin shells affect the hatchability of eggs in incubators which causes a decrease in egg and saleable chick production. Methods: The method used is primary and secondary data collection, recording eggs for three weeks to determine the number of eggs with thin shells daily in postal and battery cages. Results: In postal cages, the percentage yield was higher for the number of eggs with thin shells than in battery cages, which was about 0.52%, while in battery cages, it was 0.21%. The cause of the high percentage of cases of eggs with thin shells in postal cages is the chickens' direct contact with the litter. Poor litter conditions and rarely replaced cause the accumulation of dirt. The manure will ferment with husks and generate higher ammonia levels in the postal cage, causing disturbances in egg production, one of which is causing the eggshell to become thin. Conclusion: In this study, the shape of the cage floor was one of the factors causing the percentage of eggs with thin shells in the postal cage form that used litter as a base had a higher percentage of eggs with thin shells compared to battery cages.
LITERATURE REVIEW: APPLICATION OF POSITIVE ABILITY EXERCISES TO INCREASE LOW SELF-ESTEEM IN CLIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Ichya' Ulumudin Safetyan , Aristawati Evy , Huda Nurul , Zuhroidah Ida , Cahyono Bagus Dwi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Positive ability is the ability or positive aspect of an individual to identify the ability that exists in the individual so that clients can choose activities according to their abilities. Patients with low self-esteem see that they are not helpful and feel unable to; by practising positive abilities, they can explore aspects of their positive abilities so that they are expected to see themselves as valuable and become good individuals. Methods: The study used was a literature review of positive ability exercises. Searching for the article is done by Google Scholar or Google Scholar, published from 2015 to 2020, accessed full text in PDF format. Of the five studies used, three used the case study method, one used the Quasi-Experimental Pre-post without control method, and the other used the lecture and discussion method. The search strategy in this literature study uses databases, including Science Direct, Google Scholar and Garuda. Results: A literature review of 7 articles showed that positive ability training varied widely. Conclusions: Positive ability training can overcome nursing problems in patients with schizophrenia with impaired self-concept and low self-esteem.
CHANGE OF LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT WITH FINGER PUPPETS STIMULATION IN CHILDREN'S PRESCHOOL
Authors: Rukanah Rukanah , Farihatin Yuyun , Fitriani Yunita Dyah
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The study is based on a lack of children's language skills to repeat the contents of the previous story—evidence of the speaking ability of most children not being good enough. An easy-to-use verbal skill stimulation tool is the finger puppet. Stimulation finger puppet effective with storytelling method. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of finger puppet stimulation on the language development of preschool children. Methods: This study used to pretest and posttest control group design. The sampling technique was simple random sampling, with a sample of 66 respondents (33 intervention, 33 control). The research instrument by observation used a checklist. The bivariate analysis uses the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests with a significance level α<0,05. Results: The Wilcoxon test showed finger puppet stimulation effectively improved children's language development in the intervention group (p=0,000). The Mann-Whitney test shows a difference between children's language development in the intervention group and the control group (p=0,000). Conclusions: The development of children's language will be better stimulation often because, with simulation, children will record the language known and practice when communicating with other people.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-CARE MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN IBNU SINA GRESIK HOSPITAL
Authors: Dalilah Khairana Atikah , Okviasanti Fanni , Purwanto Cucuk Rahmadi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Non-adherence to self-care is often found in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Non-compliance in DM patients in performing self-care can affect the quality of life of patients. This study aimed to explain the relationship between self-care management and the quality of life of DM patients. Methods: This research design was analytically observational with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study was 80 respondents of DM patients treated at RSUD Ibnu Sina Gresik with a purposive sampling technique. They collected data using a questionnaire and statistical test of this study using the Spearman test. Results: The results are that the majority of self-care management is sufficient (67.5%) for as many as 54 people and good quality of life (86.2%) for as many as 69 people. The results of the correlation test using the spearman test obtained a p-value of 0.000 (p-value <0.05), and the correlation coefficient value is positive (r=0.479), which means that there is a significant relationship between self-care management and the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus in RSUD Ibnu Sina Gresik. Conclusions: Improved self-care management is associated with improving the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus in RSUD Ibnu Sina Gresik.
PROFILE OF HIV/AIDS PATIENTS COINFECTED WITH TUBERCULOSIS IN IBNU SINA DISTRICT HOSPITAL, GRESIK,EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Widyaningrum Lilik N. , Indriati Dwi W. , Diyantoro  , Sundari Aliyah Siti
Published: November 2022

Background: HIV/AIDS cases continue to increase globally. A person with a weak immune system, especially people with HIV/AIDS, is very susceptible to various diseases, such as tuberculosis. Tuberculosis infection can be associated with HIV-positive individuals, which is caused by damage to cellular immunity due to the reduced number and function of CD4 cells. Purpose: To determine the profile of HIV/AIDS patients with TB coinfection based on CD4 values in RSUD Ibnu Sina Gresik. Method: The method used is observational analytical cross-sectional. Patients with TB and HIV coinfection were recapitulated from the Case Report Form (CRF). The results are presented in a frequency distribution table. Result: The study obtained information about 36 people with TB co-infected HIV/AIDS cases. Patients with CD4 values <200 cells/mm3 were 35 people (97.22%), and most of them were in the age group of 20-60 years were 35 people (97.22%). Male patients (83.33 %) dominate compared to female patients (16.67%). The duration of TB coinfection in HIV/AIDS patients occurs in less than one month, which is 21 people (58.33%). Conclusion: The profile of HIV/AIDS patients co-infected with TB is based on CD4 values that are more dominant in men, with the highest age being 20 - 60 years.
THE EFFECT OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OHS) MANAGEMENT ON SAFETY BEHAVIOR OF WORKERS AT CONSTRUCTION SERVICE COMPANY IN SURABAYA
Authors: Badriyah Lailatul , Noeroel Widajati  , Dani Nasirul Haqi  , Meirina Ernawati
Published: November 2022

Background: Compared to manufacturing industry, construction has a unique characteristic. These characteristics cause construction projects to have dangerous conditions and make them vulnerable to an occupational accident. Purpose: To analyze the influence of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management on the building construction workers’ safety behavior at construction service company Surabaya. Method: This research classification is observational and a cross-sectional research with analytic nature. This research is conducted over 4 months. The research sample amounted to 53 workers. Its dependent variable is safety behavior (OHS behavior) with the top manager’s commitment, OHS procedure regulation, communication, worker’s competency, interpersonal relationship and physical hazard as its independent variables. Data is descriptively analyzed in the form of a frequency table and cross-tabulation. A statistical test is performed by using the chi-square test with α=0.05. Result: Management commitment (p-value=0.001) and OHS procedure regulation (p-value=0.029) significantly affect the safety behavior implementation to the worker. Conclusion: Two Independent variables which affect the safety behavior of the building construction worker at construction service company Surabaya ware management commitment (X1) and OHS procedure regulation (X2). The regulation of OSH procedures must be communicated, promoted to workers, and supervision of workers can be increased as a form of good commitment and given support by providing rewards for workers who have implemented safe behavior properly and providing punishment for workers who conduct unsafe behavior.
THE TECHNIQUE FOR MAKING AESTHETIC ACRYLIC RESIN REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES IN AN ANTERIOR CROSS BITE CASE
Authors: Setyowati Okti , Kusdarjanti Endang , Sujati Sujati , Inayati Eny , Wahyuni Sri , Laksmi Lita Rosa Mia , Pratiwi Nevy Istibasyarotul
Published: November 2022

Background: Certain cases such as anterior cross bites require a different aesthetic removable denture technique from the conventional removable denture. Purpose: To provide an overview of a case about the technique of making aesthetic acrylic resin removable partial dentures for anterior tooth replacement in cases of anterior cross bite. Case analysis: The study examined the working model with maxillary and mandibular anterior cross bite cases. Result: The arrangement of artificial teeth was carried out as ideally as possible, so that it became harmonious. In this case, the incisal artificial teeth 11, 12, 21 were brought forward labially, so that an edge-to-edge position was formed with the opposing teeth. The clasp made was a half jackson which was placed on teeth 15 and 25, so that when the patient smiles the clasp is not visible to fulfill the aesthetic requirements. Conclusion: The technique of making aesthetic removable partial dentures in cases of anterior cross bite that has received more attention is the arrangement of the dental elements because it is different from the normal tooth arrangement. The artificial teeth were arranged in edge-to-edge bite position in order to obtain a harmonious occlusion while taking into account of the labial arch of the adjacent tooth as well as occlusion with the opposing tooth.
A Duality Principle and a Related Convex Dual Formulation Suitable for Local Non-Convex Variational Optimization
Authors: Botelho Fabio
Published: November 2022

This article develops a duality principle and a related convex dual formulation suitable for the local optimization of a non-convex primal formulation for a large class of models in physics and engineering. The results are based on standard tools of functional analysis, calculus of variations and duality theory. In particular, we develop applications to a Ginzburg-Landau type equation.
Suitability of Fast Growing Tree Species (Salix spp., Populus spp., Alnus spp.) For Establishment of Economic Agroforestry Zones for Biomass Producing in Baltic Sea Region
Authors: Daugaviete Mudrite , Makovskis Kristaps , Lazdiņš Andis , Lazdina Dagnija
Published: November 2022

The main goal of the review is to provide a summary and an assessment of the potential of fast-growing tree species for suitable transformation of agroforestry areas for biomass production in the Baltic Sea region. The article summarizes the research on the management process of agroforestry zones by establishing short rotation plantations with tree species Salix spp., Populus spp., Alnus spp. and looks at the perspectives of planning of these zones as biomass producers. Short rotation forestry (SRF) with a combination of species and a rotation time of 15 to 30 years, depending on the species used, is the most suitable approach for management of these agroforestry zones. Willows (Salix spp.) and poplars (Populus spp.) are suitable for short rotation coppice (SRC), as these tree species can be harvested at much shorter intervals, respectively, 1–5 and 4–10 years, facilitating their use in agricultural systems. In Alnus spp. short rotation plantation the life cycle for energy wood production is assumed to be 15-30 years. The black alder plantations in agroforestry zones are used for sawnwood and firewood production, with a rotation span of 20–40 years. Calculated economic agroforestry zone repayment period is about 10-15 years, if costs and prices as in 2021 are used.
Parameter Estimation for Some Probability Distributions Used in Hydrology
Authors: Ilinca Cornel , Anghel Cristian Gabriel
Published: November 2022

Estimating the parameters of statistical distributions generally involves solving a system of nonlinear equations or a nonlinear equation, being a technical difficulty in their usual application in hydrology. This article presents improved approximations and, in some cases, new approximations for the estimation with the method of ordinary moments and the method of linear moments, which are useful for the direct calculation of the parameters, because the errors in the approximate estimation are similar to the use of iterative numerical methods. Thirteen statistical distributions of two and three parameters frequently used in hydrology are presented, for which parameter estimation was laborious. Thus, the approximate estimation of the parameters by the two methods is simple but also precise and easily applicable by hydrology researchers. The approximate forms characterized by very small errors are the result of the research conducted within the Faculty of Hydrotechnics to update the romanian normative standards in the hydrotechnical field.
Uncertainty Assessment of Flood Hazard due to Levee Breaching
Authors: Goeury Cédric , Bacchi Vito , Zaoui Fabrice , Bacchi Sophie , Pavan Sara , El kadi Abderrezzak Kamal
Published: November 2022

Water resource management and flood forecasting are crucial societal and financial stakes requiring reliable predictions of flow parameters (depth, velocity), the accuracy of which is often limited by uncertainties in hydrodynamic numerical models. In this study, we assess the effect of two uncertainty sources, namely breach characteristics induced by overtopping and the roughness coefficient, on water elevations and inundation extent. A two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic solver was applied in a Monte Carlo integration framework to a reach of the Loire river (France) including about 300 physical parameters. Inundation hazard maps for different flood scenarios allowed highlighting the impact of the breach development chronology. A special attention was paid to proposing a relevant sensitivity analysis to exam the factors influencing the depth and extent of flooding. The spatial analysis of vulnerability area induced by a levee breach width exhibits that, with increasing the flood discharge, the rise of the parameter influence is accompanied by a more localized spatial effect. This argues for a local analysis to allow a clear understanding of the flood hazard. The physical interpretation, highlighted by a global sensitivity analysis, showed precisely the dependence of the flood simulation on the main factors studied, i.e. the roughness coefficients and the characteristics of the breaches.
Phenomenological Theory of the Stern-Gerlach Experiment
Authors: Rashkovskiy Sergey
Published: November 2022

We propose a phenomenological theory of spin behavior in a magnetic field, which explains from the point of view of classical physics the two-valued result of the Stern-Gerlach experiment. The behavior of the spin and intrinsic magnetic moment of an electron wave of an atom in an external magnetic field is considered. We show that in a weak magnetic field, the intrinsic magnetic moment of an electron wave is always oriented parallel to the magnetic field strength vector, while in a strong magnetic field, depending on the initial orientation of the intrinsic magnetic moment, two orientations are realized: either parallel or antiparallel to the magnetic field strength vector. Within the framework of classical electrodynamics, the calculation of the motion of an atomic beam in an inhomogeneous magnetic field is carried out, which reproduces the results of the Stern-Gerlach experiment.
Surface versus Bulk State Transitions in Inkjet-Printed All-Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dot Films
Authors: Ekanayaka Thilini K. , Richmond Dylan , McCormick Mason , Shashank R. Nandyala Shashank R. , Helfrich Halle C. , Sinitskii Alexander , Pikal Jon M. , Ilie Carolina C. , Dowben Peter A. , Yost Andrew J.
Published: November 2022

Anion exchange of the halides, Br and I, is demonstrated through the direct mixing of two pure perovskite quantum dot solutions, CsPbBr3 and CsPbI3, and is shown to be both facile and result in a completely alloyed single phase mixed halide perovskite. Anion exchange is also observed in an interlayer printing method utilizing the pure, unalloyed perovskite solutions and a commercial inkjet printer. The halide exchange was confirmed by optical absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescent spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy characterization, and indicates that alloying is thermodynamically favorable, while the formation of a clustered alloy is not favored. Additionally, a surface-to-bulk photoemission core level transition is observed for the Cs 4d photoemission feature which indicates the electronic structure of the surface is different from the bulk. Time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy indicates the presence of multiple excitonic decay features which is argued to originate from states residing at surface and bulk environments.
Formulation of Deconcentration Fund Budget Allocation in Indonesia
Authors: Ristrini Ristrini , Putro Gurendro , Ridwan Wawan , Rahayu Nita , Musadad Dede Anwar , Rustika Rustika , Hakim Lukman , Afifah Tin , Sulasmi Sri , Suratri Made Ayu Lely
Published: November 2022

The allocation for the use of Deconcentration Funds focuses on the seven priority health programs listed in the Regulation of the Minister of Health for the Republic of Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to formulate a budget allocation for deconcentration funds in the health sector. Secondary data were analyzed using reports from the Ministry of Health for five years (2014-2018) on the Human Development Index (HDI), population, area, number of health workers, as well as amount and percentage for the realization of deconcentration funds. The results showed that the variables which had a significant effect were the number of districts/cities, the area, and HDI, while those without a significant effect were population, the number of health workers, and the percentage of budget realization. Political factors and regional commitment to implementing as well as using the budget were shown to also affect the deconcentration of funds both from the central and regional sources. Generally, deconcentration funds are used for non-physical tasks, including coordinating and synchronizing planning, facilitation, technical guidance, training, outreach, supervision, investigations and surveys, direction, and control. Based on the results, the budget allocation for deconcentration funds for health development needs to be calculated according to regional capacities by considering the number of districts/cities, land area, and the HDI.
A Novel Understanding of Serum Creatinine Levels as a Predictive Factor for Mortality Outcome in Aortic Disease
Authors: Cosmin Banceu , Marius Harpa , Marvin Oprean , Radu Deac , Klara Brinzaniuc , Ioan Tilea , Andreea Varga , Dan Alexandru Szabo , Diana Banceu , Daiana Cristutiu , Alexandra Stoica , Horatiu Suciu
Published: November 2022

Acute renal injury (AKI) is a complication that can occur after cardiac surgery, and since technological advancements and knowledge in medicine are exponentially expanding, it requires ongoing research. The study aims to evaluate the outcome of the treated electives of emergency aortic disease with high serum creatinine levels (SCr). Methods: The cohort included 183 patients, all of whom had an aortic disease and whose SCr levels were checked upon admission on the first day in the intensive care unit (ICU) and upon discharge from the hospital. We correlated SCr levels with in-hospital mortality and immediate mortality at least six months after discharge, with cross- clamp time and bypass time. Results: A high SCr level upon admission significantly predicts in- hospital mortality (p = 0.001) but not immediate mortality (p = 0.409). There is also a statistically significant correlation between the elevated SCr levels on the first day of ICU and aortic disease (p = 0.041) but not with immediate mortality (p = 0.119). We found a significant correlation between aortic disease and in-hospital mortality (p < 0.001) but no correlation between high SCr level on the first day of ICU and immediate mortality (p = 0.119). The cross-clamp time had a statistically significant correlation with elevated SCr level (p = 0.013) and in-hospital mortality (p = 0.001) but not with immediate mortality (p = 0.847). Furthermore, the bypass time was negatively correlated with a high SCr level on the first day of ICU (p = 0.090), with in-hospital mortality (p = 0.410) and immediate mortality (p = 0.625). We also found that patients with an aortic disease were not correlated with elevated creatinine levels at ICU discharge (p = 0.152) or long-term mortality (p = 0.106). Conclusions: The study only included a small portion of the elaborate surgical and medical management developed around cardiac patients who received invasive treatment. The conclusions 40 reached were nevertheless clearly relevant, evidenced by the significantly correlated statistics. This element, moving forward, motivates us to expand our research’s range, collect the most newly relevant data, and use it to benefit the patient; this work provides the beginning step in this process.
Roles of Cancer Exosomes in Immunosuppression and Immune Evasion
Authors: Sheta Mona , Taha Eman Ahmed , Lu Yanyin , Eguchi Takanori
Published: November 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EV), including exosomes and microvesicles, are released from various cells and alter recipient cell phenotypes and fates by their biomolecules. Here we review current knowledge about tumor EVs and how they prompt malignant cell communication with tumor-associated cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor endothelial cells, and immune cells. We delineate the major pathways and molecular players that influence each step of cancer initiation, progression, and resistance. Of note, cancer exosomes involve immunosuppression by tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and regulatory T cells. Moreover, tumor exosomes can induce the apoptosis of killer T cells and immune checkpoint of dendritic cells and attenuate natural killer cells. An in-depth understanding of EV biology is essential to ensure the clinical development of exosome/EV-based therapeutic products, which will be of benefit to exosome manipulation in cancer management.
Exploring Pandemics Events on Twitter by Using Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modelling
Authors: Qin Zhikang , Ronchieri Elisabetta
Published: November 2022

At the end of 2019, while the world was being hit by the COVID-19 virus and, consequently, was living a global health crisis, many other pandemics were putting humankind in danger. The role of social media is of paramount importance in these kinds of contexts since they help health systems to cope with emergencies by contributing to conducting some activities such as the identification of public concerns, the detection of infections’ symptoms, and the traceability of the virus diffusion. In this paper, we have analyzed comments on events related to cholera, ebola, HIV/AIDS, influenza, malaria, Spanish influenza, swine flu, tuberculosis, typhus, yellow fever, and zika, collecting 369,472 tweets from the 3rd of March to the 15th of September, 2022. Our analysis has started with the collection of comments composed of unstructured texts on which we have applied natural language processing solutions. Afterward, we have employed topic modelling and sentiment analysis techniques to obtain a collection of people’s concerns and attitudes toward these pandemics. According to our findings, people's discussions were mostly about malaria, influenza, and tuberculosis and the focus was on the diseases themselves. As regards emotions, the most popular were fear, trust, and disgust where trust is mainly regarding HIV/AIDS tweets.
Climate Change Impacts and Evidence of Migration in Colombia
Authors: Garcia Portilla Jason
Published: November 2022

The international literature shows a polarised debate on the impacts of climate change on migration. Some studies find a positive linkage, whereas others find a negative one. It is, without a doubt, a complex process better considered case-specific. There is no available information on the relationship between climate change and migration in Colombia, despite past research exploring each of these subjects independently. This study intends explicitly to investigate this linkage gap. Consequently, this paper's essential contribution is that it builds a bridge between climate change scenarios and migratory science for the first time in Colombia. Despite their limitations, the theoretical and methodological framework suggested by IOM (2009b pp. 86, Section B, Chapter II) is demonstrated in this study to be very valid since it provides a methodology to predict where future flows will occur (based on past evidence). The methodological approaches of SLA and NELM explained in section A in the IV Chapter are also valuable for analysing and approaching this study's conclusions. The primary conclusions of this study indicate that the "Coffee Region," Valle, and Atlantic (or Caribbean Coast) provinces that mainly send emigrants to Spain and the US are the key internal regions responsible for most of the international migration from Colombians. The same areas are especially vulnerable to the impacts of upcoming climate change in the A1B scenario produced by the IDEAM (2010) for 2040 and 2100. Thus, future flows of migrants are expected from these regions (2040-2100). However, issues such as visa requirements or the costs associated with migration constitute international barriers to this flow. The sensitivity of these regions can also be associated with internal migration flows, more armed conflict, and forced displacement in a cyclical process. Theoretically, a resurgence of Colombia's armed conflict and displacement due to climate change can be expected. However, the need for empirical studies in Colombia to support this analysis is imperative and is the most crucial recommendation arising from this study.
What Primary Care Practitioners Need to Know about the New NICE Guideline for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Adults
Authors: Kingdon Caroline Claire , Lowe Adam , Shepherd Charles , Nacul Luis
Published: November 2022

The new NICE guideline for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), published in October 2021, makes significant changes in treatment recommendations. It acknowledges the complexity of this chronic medical condition, which always impacts quality of life and can be profoundly disabling, recognising the prejudice and stigma that people with ME/CFS often experience in the absence of any specific diagnostic test. The guideline outlines steps for accurate diagnosis, recognising post-exertional malaise as a core symptom; importantly, ME/CFS can now be diagnosed after just 3 months in a bid to improve long-term health outcomes. It recommends the need for individual, tailored management by a multi-disciplinary team, ensuring that the wellbeing of the individual is paramount. The guideline makes clear that any programme based on fixed incremental increases in physical activity or exercise, for example graded exercise therapy (GET), should not be offered as a treatment for ME/CFS and emphasises that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) should only be offered as a supportive intervention. Because of the rigorous methodology required by NICE Committee review and the inclusion of the testimony of people with lived experience as committee members, this guideline will influence the future diagnosis and management of ME/CFS in the UK and beyond.
Performance Comparison of TTS Models for Brazilian Portuguese to Establish a Baseline
Authors: Lobato Wilmer , Farias Felipe , Cruz William , Amadeus Marcellus
Published: November 2022

This paper compares the performance of three text-to-speech (TTS) models released from June 2021 to January 2022 in order to establish a baseline for Brazilian Portuguese. Those models were trained using dataset for Brazilian Portuguese. The experimental setup considers tts-portuguese dataset to fine-tune the following TTS models: VITS end-to-end model; glowtts and gradtts acoustic models both using hifi-gan vocoder. Performance metrics are arranged into objective and subjective metrics. As subjective metrics, the naturalness and intelligibility are measured based on the mean opinion score (MOS). Results shows that gradtts+hifigan model achieved naturalness of 4.07 MOS, close to performance of current commercial models.
Restoring Upper Limb Function by Combined Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Occupational Therapy in Patients with Chronic Stroke: A Stratified Analysis Factoring the Severity of Motor Paralysis using a Multicenter Cohort Study Database
Authors: Sakamoto Daigo , Hamaguchi Toyohiro , Murata Kai , Ito Hiroshi , Nakayama Yasuhide , Abo Masahiro
Published: November 2022

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with intensive occupational therapy improves upper limb motor paralysis and activities of daily living after stroke; however, amount of improvement according to paralysis severity remains unverified. Target activities for daily living using patients’ upper limb functions can be established by predicting the amount of change after treatment for each severity level of upper limb motor paralysis and further aid practice planning. This study estimated post-treatment score changes for each severity level of motor paralysis (no, poor, limited, notable, and full) stratified according to Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) scores before combined rTMS and intensive occupational therapy. Severity of motor paralysis was the fixed factor for analysis of covariance, delta (post-pre) of the scores was the dependent variable. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to compare changes in ARAT subscores in patients, divided according to paralysis severity before treatment. A multicenter retrospective cohort dataset analyzed 907 patients with stroke hemiplegia. Largest treatment-related changes in scores were observed in the Limited recovery group for upper limb motor paralysis and Full recovery group for quality-of-life activities using paralyzed upper limb. These results will help predict treatment effects and determine exercises and goal movements for occupational therapy after rTMS.
The Effect of Friction Stir Welding Parameters on the Weldability of Aluminum Alloys with Similar and Dissimilar Metals: A Review
Authors: Khalafe Wazir Hassan , Sheng Ewe Lay , Isa Mohd Rashdan , Omran Abdoulhadi Borhana , Shamsudin Shazarel
Published: November 2022

The solid-state welding method known as friction stir welding (FSW) bonds two metallic work parts, whether the same or different, by plastically deforming the base metal. The frictional resistance between both metallic work pieces causes them to produce heat, which produces plastic deformation and welds them. However, the weldability and strength of FSW joints mainly depend on the FSW parameters. This review work highlights the previous research work on the FSW parameters and their effects on the weldability and quality of the aluminum alloys joined with similar and dissimilar metals through the FSW method. About 150 research studies were systematically reviewed, and the articles included data from peer-reviewed journals. It has been concluded that the key parameters, including welding speed, “rotational speed”, “plunge depth”, “spindle torque”, “shoulder design”, “base material”, “pin profile” and “tool type", significantly affect the weldability of the aluminum joint through the FSW method. Also, the selection of these parameters is important and fundamental as they directly affect the joint. It is recommended that future work focus on FSW for aluminum. Among these, the most essential is the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to select the optimum FSW parameters for aluminum welding.
The Effect of Atmospheric Parameters and Climate Changes on the NDVI Index in the Hyrcanian Forests
Authors: Rahimi Farid
Published: November 2022

The increase in the production and entry of greenhouse gases into the earth's atmosphere has disturbed the balance of the environment. The signs of climate change (caused by global warming) are clearly visible and its effects are tangible. According to the United Nations, if the current trend continues, the global average temperature will increase by 3.2°C by the end of the century, which will have terrible consequences if it happens. This research aimed to investigate the effects of greenhouse gases and climate changes resulting from them on Hyrcanian forests. The Hyrcanian forests, as one of the oldest forest areas (remaining from the Paleogene era), were studied by telemetry from 2013 to 2021. The analysis of the images taken from the Landsat 8 satellite showed that during 9 years, the NDVI index decreased by 0.6 units and the average air temperature increased by 0.5°C. Although the average relative humidity has only increased by 2%, the average annual rainfall has recorded an increase of 25mm. The analysis of the statistics showed that the rains occur irregularly and are often torrential. Therefore, it is predicted that as the average temperature continues to increase, the NDVI index will further decrease, and as a result, the forest cover will become weaker and the soil will lose more water absorption power, and due to the increase in average rainfall. successive floods will occur. Therefore, soil erosion increases and the extinction and migration of plant and animal species increase significantly.
Children's Perception of Climate Change in North-eastern Portugal
Authors: Ramos Ricardo , Rodrigues Maria José , Rodrigues Isilda
Published: November 2022

Despite the impact that climate change is having on our planet and considering its consequences for future generations, much of the academic literature focuses on adolescent and adult percep-tions, giving little relevance to children's perceptions. Children's voices have the potential to in-fluence public opinion, which may in turn determine the direction of a new policy on the cli-mate crisis. In this context, it is urgent that we understand how children perceive this problem. This quantitative study was based on the application of 245 questionnaires to children aged be-tween 9 and 13 years old from five schools in north-eastern Portugal, more specifically in the region of Trás-os-Montes. To collect the data, we used a questionnaire with 26 questions, being 24 of closed response, Likert type, one of them open response, and one multiple choices. The da-ta were statistically treated using SPSS software. The results show that most of the children ex-press concern about the study's potential problem. However, they show some doubts and a lack of knowledge about some of the themes. We found differences between the two study cycles, with children in the 6th grade having a higher average in the understanding of the phenomenon, as well as the level of education of the parents being positively correlated with a more ecocen-tric posture. The female students also showed a slightly more ecological posture, i.e., an eco-friendlier posture. From the results obtained, we can open new paths for future research and contribute to the definition of policies and educational practices since the school has the respon-sibility to cooperate in the production of values, attitudes, and pro-environmental behaviours.
Threatened Habitats of Carnivores: Identifying Conservation Areas in Michoacán, México
Authors: Del Moral-Alvarez Marisol , Ortega-Huerta Miguel Alfonso , Nuñez Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

The present study contributes to bridging the gap on research related to the presence and distribution patterns of carnivore mammals in the western state of Michoacán, highlighting the importance and need to increase efforts aimed at the study and monitoring of wildlife present in this region. The distribution of carnivore in western Mexico was modeled through the application a two-scale approach: a large, modeled region, corresponding to the western part of the country, for which models were obtained that represent the distribution potential of the species, and, the second modeled study area that includes only the western portion of the state of Michoacán, in which models of the current distribution of the species for this region were proposed. A series of predictive models were generated on the current distribution of 11 species of carnivore species (Canis latrans, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, Herpailurus yagouaroundi, Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus wiedii, Puma concolor, Panthera onca, Conepatus leuconotus, Bassariscus astutus, Nasua narica, Procyon lotor), from which, prioritization exercises were carried out on important areas for the conservation of these species, as well as the comparison and analysis of the existing natural protected areas (NPA) in the study area. The different exercises for prioritizing areas for conservation yielded similar results and show the potential percentages of the landscape that can be subjected to protection and conservation programs.