Infusion therapy in treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Aghababyan I.R. , Ismoilova Yu.A. , Sadykova Sh.Sh. 
Published: October 2020

Objective. Introduction to the basic therapy of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) without ST-segment elevation cardioprotective drug Tivorel (“Yuria-Pharm”) based on L-arginine and L-carnitine.

Materials and methods. The present study was carried out in accordance with the requirements for clinical trials of drugs in the Department of Emergency Cardiology of the RSCEMPSF. Patients were admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of ACS without ST-segment elevation in the first 12 h after the onset of the disease. The study was carried out in two groups and included the following stages: screening and treatment period (10 days). The study involved 90 patients with ACS without ST segment elevation, who were allocated for treatment in the study and control groups in a 1:1 ratio. Patients of the study group, except for basic therapy (sublingual nitroglycerin, acetylsalicylic acid or clopidogrel, analgesics, β-adrenergic blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors), received the drug Tivorel 100 ml intravenously at a rate of 10 drops per minute for the first 10-15 min (then the rate of administration could be increased to 30 drops per minute) 1 time per day within 10 days. Control group patients were prescribed only basic therapy. Determination of markers of myocardial necrosis (troponin T), electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography. Compulsory calculation of end-diastolic and end-systolic indices, left ventricular ejection fraction were performed.

Results and discussion. It was found that the drug Tivorel, prescribed as part of complex therapy immediately after admission of patients to the hospital, improves the electrophysiological properties of the myocardium and prevents the appearance of temporary ECG disturbances, stabilizes the condition of patients. In patients of the main group, already in the first day after the development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), late ventricular potentials were less often recorded, markers of the so-called arrhythmogenic substrate – 9.5 % compared to 18.7 % in patients in the control group. In the course of further observation, the prostate gland in the control group disappeared, and during treatment with Tivorel, it did not appear anymore. This suggests the presence of a pronounced anti-ischemic effect of the drug, which is also confirmed by clinical data. We have noted a reliably expressed positive dynamics of changes in the end part of the ventricular complex under the influence of therapy with Tivorel. Analysis of standard ECG and 24-hour monitoring data in a number of patients revealed rhythm disturbances. There were no significant differences between the groups in the frequency of occurrence of all manifestations of arrhythmic syndrome, both initially and after therapy, however, in the main group, during treatment, the number of cases of ventricular arrhythmias in the form of group ventricular extrasystole and ventricular tachycardia bursts significantly decreased. During the period of inpatient treatment, all patients showed positive clinical dynamics: a decrease in the frequency and severity of angina attacks, a decrease and stabilization of blood pressure, an increase in exercise tolerance. Already on the third day of treatment with the use of the study drug Tivorel, relapses of anginal pain occurred less frequently (21.9 % of cases in the main group and 33.0 % in the control group). At the same time, there was a decrease in the need for the use of nitroglycerin and narcotic analgesics in order to relieve recurrent pain syndrome (23.1 % and 35.3 % of cases, respectively). In addition, on the third day after the development of AMI in patients of the main compared with the control, a lower incidence of atrioventricular blockade was recorded (4.3 % and 13.6 %, respectively). In the course of the analysis of the entire hospital period, it was found that in patients receiving Tivorel, atrioventricular blockades occurred almost 3 times less often than in the control group. The frequency of registration of ventricular extrasystole decreased on the 7th (34.1 %) and 10th days (45.7 %) of the disease.

Conclusions. The use of the drug Tivorel (“Yuria-Pharm”) in addition to basic therapy helps to optimize the management of ACS patients without ST-segment elevation. With complex treatment with the use of the drug Tivorel, a faster regression of clinical manifestations of ACS is observed. The use of Tivorel in ACS therapy without ST-segment elevation stabilizes the patient’s condition and reduces the incidence of complications.