bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EEG Based Detection of Alcoholics
Authors: Shri T. K. Padma , Sriraam N.
Published: December 2018

The short term and long term effects of alcohol on various organs of the body, especially on the human brain is well established by numerous studies. Invasive methods such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and non invasive imaging techniques such as Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and functional MRI activated electro-encephalogram (EEG) have been used to study the changes in EEG activity due to alcoholism. Even with the advent of neuro imaging techniques, EEG happens to be an important tool for brain study providing a non- invasive and cost effective method to detect the effects of alcohol on the human brain. This paper discusses the harmful effects of alcohol on different organs of the body. The advances in the development of EEG signal processing algorithms over the past decade for alcoholic detection are reviewed and their limitations are reported. Further the use of EEG for mass screening of alcoholics and biometric application is discussed in detail.
Socio-Psychological Dimensions of Mobile Phone Addiction and Usage Patterns Amongst Teenagers in Higher Institutions of Learning in Kwara State
Authors: Titilope Afolayan Oluyinka
Published: December 2018

Mobile phone addiction is now a common phenomenon in the 21st century, especially among teenagers due to the unusual cravings in the use of technological devices. In view of this phenomenon, the study examined the socio-psychological dimensions of mobile phone addiction and usage patterns amongst teenagers in three Higher Institutions of Learning in Kwara State, Nigeria. Descriptive and inferential statistical tools were utilized to analyze data collected on a sample size of 321 undergraduate teenage students whose selection were based on simple random sampling technique across three Higher Institutions of Learning which were the University of Ilorin, Kwara state University, and Al-Hikmah University respectively. Findings from the data analyses revealed uniformity in the usage patterns of teenagers in the use of their mobile devices. Significant positive relationships were also established between mobile addiction and socio-psychological dimensions such as loneliness, boredom, egoism, and self-independence at varying significant levels.
Social Climate Change and the Modern Police Department
Authors: Bradford Adrienne C. , McElroy Heather K. , Rosenblatt Rachel
Published: December 2018

The advent of social media, blogs, smartphones, and the 24-hour all access news channels make information available to us constantly on the television, the internet, and even while mobile. This chapter highlights contemporary social and generational trends including the arrival of the Millennial generation into the workforce, legalization of marijuana, the mainstream acceptance of body art as a form of self-expression, and the influence of mass media on the lives of police officers, particularly in officer-involved shootings. These emerging factors challenge law enforcement managers to consider complex issues in the workplace while maintaining the core values, camaraderie, and professional standards inherent in policing. The public safety psychologist's role is also evolving with new technology, social developments, and organizational challenges. This chapter aims to encourage dialogue between mental health professionals, law enforcement managers, and policy-makers.
Authority and Legitimacy
Authors: Stamatakis Nikolaos
Published: December 2018

Today, the majority of research has focused on legitimacy, while much less attention has been given to the sources of trust in the police (Nix et al., 2014). Limited attention has been also paid to the examination of legitimacy of the police services as viewed by those they serve (Bottoms & Tankebe, 2013), especially by the young people. Hence, the current study aims to add to this body of research in three ways. First, it examines the factors that influence peoples' beliefs about the police and their intentions to cooperate or exhibit confidence. Second, this study constitutes one of the first empirical analyses that highlight the importance of examining the relationship between police authority and legitimacy in Brazil. Aiming to understand the dynamics among those notions in relation to trust and obedience, the empirical part of the present study is conducted in the district of Jardim Ângela (Sao Paolo); once considered as the most violent urban region in the world. The final contribution lies in its focus on early adolescence as the particular age forms a crucial period in peoples' legal socialization (Dirikx & Van den Bulck, 2014). The statistical analysis shows significant relationships between the frequency of obedience in laws and trust in the police, and dimensions of perceived legitimacy.
Effective Engagement and Communication Between First-Line Police Supervisors and Police Officers
Authors: Ellis Brian , Normore Anthony H.
Published: December 2018

Leadership is the act of influencing others whereby power comes from things such as referent and reward bases and “have an ethical responsibility to attend to the needs and concerns of followers” (Northouse, 2010, p. 4). In this chapter, the authors highlight the extant literature on organizational leadership and its role in effective communication and engagement processes. The authors focus on first-line supervisors and the impact of communication and engagement on people under their supervision. Employee trait, state, and behavioral constructs coupled with the culture of emotional connection between police officers and the police organization are explored. Further, the authors examine the principles of empowerment including meaningfulness, competence, choice, and impact and its applicability to police leadership. The outcome of the relationship between effective leadership and employee engagement is directly linked to innovation, participation, teamwork, accountability, and the ability to face challenges. Conclusions and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Emergency Management Information System Support Rectifying First Responder Role Abandonment During Extreme Events
Authors: Noble Keith T. , White Connie M. , Turoff Murray
Published: December 2018

Role abandonment once was considered unlikely by research scientists; however emergency management officials have experienced catastrophic events that counter prior assumptions. Event types such as deluges and pandemics surface as scenarios supporting one set of examples. The authors explore a different angle, focusing on individual practitioners including: (1) fire, (2) police and (3) emergency medical services. Surveys were taken by the various practitioner group types. Results suggested that there may be role abandonment issues, differing from one practitioner type to another, each with unique reasons given the event type. Although communities and individual emergency officials may never encounter such situations, it's imperative that this event type be taken into account during the design and implementation of disaster management systems. Systems developed should be designed to support and modify needs given the size and magnitude of the event, be it a routine emergency, a larger disaster or a 'once in a lifetime' catastrophic event. In this case, the authors focus on human resources. It is for this reason that the authors believe that algorithms be identified, developed and implemented so that such information be accessible to emergency officials, should this rare situation arise.
Visual Criminology
Authors: Barclay Elaine M.
Published: December 2018

An understanding of crime data and analysis is central to any Criminology degree. Graduates need to know how and where to access a wide variety of secondary data sources, and understand how to read and critically evaluate crime statistics, crime maps, and quantitative research publications, and through assessment, know how to apply this learning to understanding crime rates within a community. This chapter reviews the various types of data and analysis that form a substantial part of content within a Bachelor of Criminology degree. Several types of assessment are described as examples of how to engage students in practical exercises to show them how data and analysis can provide fascinating insight into the social life of their own community.
The Impact of a BI-Supported Performance Measurement System on a Public Police Force
Authors: Moskovitz Elad , Even Adir
Published: December 2018

Performance measurement, as an effective tool for implementing organizational strategy and assisting ongoing control and surveillance, is broadly adopted today. The performance measurement system (PMS) explored in this case study was implemented, using business intelligence (BI) technologies, for a public police force. The system lets police commanders view and analyze the performance scores of their own units and get feedback on the success of their activities. The study examines the system's impact, through analysis of the metric results over a time period of five years. The results show that the vast majority of the metrics examined indeed improved. Further, the results underscore the moderation effect of relative metrics weights, as well as the different behavior of metrics that reflect activity versus those that reflect outcomes. The study underscores both the positive and the negative aspects of those results, and discusses their implications for future PMS implementation with BI technologies.
Important Factors in Vocational Decision-Making Process
Authors: Arslan Ümüt , Kılınç Mustafa
Published: December 2018

Having individual occupation to produce work and to be effective is necessary for individuals. Concurrently, society desires to respond to social expectancies while meeting this need. Vocation, as both social and individual needs, expands people's lifetimes. This rate is even higher in developing countries than in economically developed European and North American countries. Therefore, career choice is important to meet individual happiness as well as addressing social expectations. Choosing vocation carefully has been addressed by many different theories (Parsons, Super; Holland, and Krumboltz). While these theories comprehensively examine the importance of the theoretical knowledge on the career choice, age, personality, ability, and gender roles are significant affecting factors. Solutions and recommendations based on avoiding stress, culture-infused career counseling, avoiding negative thinking, and using family tree into career counseling are additionally provided.
A Case of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis during Treatment for Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Ugajin Motoi , Kani Hisanori
Published: December 2018

Prolonged immunosuppressive therapy is a risk factor for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. We report a case of a 79-yearold man who underwent immunosuppressive therapy with methylprednisolone and cyclosporine for an acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease. Ten days after initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, the patient reported night sweats and purulent sputum, and chest computed tomography scan revealed consolidation. He was diagnosed with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and required vasopressor support with oxygen therapy. After the administration of voriconazole and the modulation of immunosuppressive therapy, his condition improved. Short-term immunosuppressive therapy can also induce invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
Effectiveness of lumbar orthoses in low back pain: Review of the literature and our results
Authors: Schott Cordelia , Zirke Sonja , Schmelzle Jillian Marie , Kaiser Christel , I Fernández Lluis Aguilar
Published: December 2018

Back pain and diseases of the spine are today a health disorder of outstanding epidemiological, medical, and health economic importance. The cost of care for patients with lumbosciatic complaints are steadily increasing. Accordingly, the guidelines and treatments are constantly renewed. One concept is the orthotic care. In the following we want to give an overview of the literature and the effectiveness of lumbar orthoses in low back pain supplemented by our own data. A prospective randomized study with 230 patients, divided into three groups, each with two subgroups. Three Orthoses by the TIGGES-Zours GmbH were prescribed; a demountable two-step lumbar orthosis, three-step bridging orthosis and a four-step flexion orthosis modular system. Each were compared to the nonmodular equivalent. All six groups showed improvement in pain intensity and functional capacity at 6 and 12 weeks. The modular groups were found to have improvement in the frequency of use. The subjective effectiveness and sensitivity for the modular and non-modular groups was assessed as being good. In the literature, there are no clear guidelines for an orthotic supply. The studies do not seem to be meaningful and universal due to the difficult ascertainability of pain. There is a need for further research here. Nevertheless, the authors of this review are of the opinion that the implementation of trunk orthoses is void of side effects and beneficial to patients. The modular systems seem to have an advantage as well as higher patient satisfaction.
[Birds trapped in telephone wiring system]
Authors: Mostini Leonardo
Published: December 2018

[Six cases of birds trapped in telephone wires or in structures connected to telephone wires were signaled in the areas of Turin and Novara (Piedmont, N. W. Italy). The birds stayed hanging fatally either by chance or during a trophic activity. The species involved in the described episodes are five, but become eight when added to the ones subjects of previous signaling: Little bitten Ixobrychus minutus, Grey heron Ardea cinerea, Moorhen Gallinula chloropus, Barn owl Tyto alba, Little owl Athene noctua, Robin Erithacus rubecula, Starling Sturnus vulgaris, Hooded crow Corvus corone cornix.]

[Article in Italian]
Unstable Angina
Authors: Gheshlaghi Farzad , Zoofaghari Shafeajafar , Dorooshi Gholamali
Published: December 2018

Minoxidil is an antihypertensive direct vasodilator that can cause severe toxicity when sufficiently ingested. We report a case of accidental ingestion of 5 ml topical minoxidil solution 5% presented with chest pain and new-onset ST depressions. After giving IV saline and performing echocardiography/angiography, the patient fully recovered without any pharmacotherapy such as vasopressors and discharged 4 days after admission. The clinical toxicology, treatment, and previous case reports of minoxidil poisoning have been reviewed.
On a Theorem of Burgess and Stephenson
Authors: Nicholson W. K.
Published: December 2018

A theorem of Burgess and Stephenson asserts that in an exchange ring with central idempotents, every maximal left ideal is also a right ideal. The proof uses sheaf-theoretic techniques. In this paper, we give a short elementary proof of this important theorem.
Vpliv državnih meja na družbenogeografski razvoj Prekmurja
Authors: Olas Ludvik , Kert Božidar
Published: December 2018

Državne meje so vedno imele negativen vpliv na razvoj Prekmurja. Prekinile so prometnice, ustvarile dvolastništvo in narodnostne manjšine.
Prekomejno povezovanje: možnosti za sodelovanje v štajersko-slovenski obmejni regiji
Authors: Steiner M. , Sturn D. , Wendner R.
Published: December 2018

Analiza gospodarskih potencialov obeh sosednjih obmejnih območij je osnova razmišljaju o možnostih in potrebah po sodelovanju obeh regij, še posebej gospodarsko. Posebno pozorno obravnava naslednje elemente: narodni dohodek, struktura gospodarskih dejavnosti, naložbe in struktura posesti nepremičnin.
Magistralno in regionalno cestno omrežje in občinska središča v Sloveniji
Authors: Černe Andrej
Published: December 2018

Predstavljeni so prvi delni rezultati prometno-geografske analize 56. nekdanjih občinskih središč v Sloveniji. Analizirano je cestno omrežje z namenom, da bi spoznali njegov pomen za nodalnost nekdanjih občinskih središč.
Bližnja rekreacija prebivalcev mesta Ljubljane
Authors: Jeršič Matjaž
Published: December 2018

Prispevek osvetljuje rekreacijsko obnašanje Ljubljančanov ob koncu tedna in opredeljuje območja bližnje rekreacije.
Značilnosti, vzroki in posledice deindustrializacije v Mariboru
Authors: Slavec Andrejka
Published: December 2018

V članku so prikazane osnovne značilnosti deindustrializacije v industrijsko visoko razvitih državah in poskus ovrednotenja tega procesa v Mariboru konec 80-tih let.
Hrvaška zemljiška posest v občini Lendava kot sestavina mejne problematike
Authors: Belec Borut
Published: December 2018

Predstavljena je narava hrvaške zemljiške posesti v občini Lendava s poudarkom na zemljiščih ob Muri. Odmik reke od katastrskih meja, po katerih odleta 1991 poteka državna meja s Hrvaško, je povzročil težave pri njenem določanju in sožitju obmejnega prebivalstva. Enakovredna zamenjava dvolastniških zemljišč omogoča ustreznejši potek mejne črte po rečnem toku
Landschaftspflege im Blickfeld angewandter Geographie
Authors: Ruppert Karl
Published: December 2018

Prispevek obravnava pokrajino z vidika socialnega razvoja in potenciala za rekreacijo. Podrobno so predstavljene organizacijske oblike urejanja pokrajine na Bavarskem.
Evropska dimenzija poučevanja o Alpah
Authors: Resnik Planinc Tatjana
Published: December 2018

Alpe so s svojo lego v več evropskih državah lahko izjemen dejavnik povezovanja in skupnega preučevanja tako v osnovni kot v srednji šoli. S skupnimi projekti šol alpskih dežel bi lahko uresničili mnoge izmed ciljev, ki so zapisani v Zeleni listini o evropski dimenziji izobraževanja. V prispevku je predstavljenih nekaj možnosti sodelovanja na področju geografije med šolami alpskih dežel.
Geomorfološki razvoj doline Krnice in njene zadnje poledenitve
Authors: Kunaver Jurij
Published: December 2018

Prispevek obravnava geomorfološki rayvoj doline Krnice pri Kranjski gori, ki po nastanku spominja na podoben rayvoj na območju Vršiča. Tudi tu gre za prevladujoče apnenčaste skladovnice v vrhnjih delih gora oyiroma gorskih obodov, medtem ko so spodnji deli pobočj pretežno ygrajeni iy dolomita. Ob upoštevanju selektivne eroyije sta si tako yareya Vršiča kot tudi dolina Krnice genetsko podobna, še ylasti yaradi poteka močnih prelomov čez obe območji. Krnica se je pokayala kot predel najpomembnejše poledenitve v tej pokrajini, čemur bi bilo mogoče pripisati tudi nastanek poynoglacialnih morenskih nasipov med Eriko in Kranjsko goro.
Klimatska pogojenost debelinskega prirastka dreves ob slovenskih visokogorskih alpskih jezerih
Authors: Ogrin Darko
Published: December 2018

S standardnimi dendrokronološkimi in dendroklimatološkimi postopki smo iz pojezerij Jezera na Planini pri jezeru, Jezera v Ledvicah in Krnskega jezera v Julijskih Alpah analizirali približno 100 vzorcev smrek in macesnov. Lokalne kronologije zajemajo v glavnem obdobje po letu 1920. Korelacija debelinskega prirastka s klimatskimi podatki je potrdila določena splošna spoznanja o odnosu med podnebjem in prirastjo v območjih ob zgornji gozdni meji, hkrati pa pokazala na svojski vpliv lokalnih, tudi neklimatskih dejavnikov priraščanja, ki jih z dendroklimatološko analizo ni mogoče zadovoljivo zajeti.
Vojaška geografija v Sloveniji, med preteklostjo in prihodnostjo
Authors: Kunaver Jurij
Published: December 2018

Vojaška geografija v Sloveniji ima kot predmet v študiju obramboslovja na ljubljanski univerzi in v slovenskem vojaškem šolstvu razmeroma kratko zgodovino, komaj dvajset oziroma deset let, povezano s procesom slovenskega osamosvajanja. To pa ni v sorazmerju z vojaškogeografskim in geostrateškim pomenom slovenskega ozemlja nekoč in danes in s pomembnimi zgodovinskimi dogodki vojaškega značaja ter s tem povezano množico najrazličnejših vojaških dejavnosti in analiz. Slovenija in Slovenci imamo neke vrste vojaškogeografsko tradicijo in smo na specifičen način doprinesli k razvoju vojaške geografije v sosednjih državah in v bivši skupni državi. Zato je upravičeno, da razvijamo lastno vojaško geografijo, ki temelji tako na znanstveni metodologiji kot na splošni vojaškogeografski praksi.
Učinki slovensko-hrvaške meje in osamosvojitve na turizem v hrvaški in slovenski Istri
Authors: Gosar Anton
Published: December 2018

Razprava obravnava položaj turističnega gospodarstva ter opredeli turistični obisk v slovenski (Kraško-obalna regija) in hrvaški Istri (Istrska županija) oziroma turističnih središčih med letoma 1985 in 1999. Ugotavlja regionalno diferencirano stopnjo upada turističnega obiska po razpadu SFR Jugoslavije. Podrobneje bo analizirala obdobje revitalizacije turizma, prednostno v drugi polovici devetdesetih let in makroekonomske ukrepe ter geopolitične dejavnike,ki so oblikovali ponudbo in vplivali na turistični obisk. Razprava poskuša ugotoviti katera inicialna območja turizma so prag obiska izpred desetletja presegla in katera obstajajo še zadržana do turistične ponudbe v Istri. Obe receptivni območji turizma, na Hrvaškem in Sloveniji, kot tudi vodilna turistična središča so obravnavana ločeno in primerjalno. Prikazana je stopnja napredka in razložena regionalna diferenciacija v stremljenjih po doseganju turističnega obiska izpred desetih let. Prispevek povzema mnenja iz ankete o učinkih hrvaško-slovenske meje in osamosvojitve na turizem v hrvaški in slovenski Istri, ki so jo izvedli študentje ljubljanske univerze julija 2000. Odgovori osvetlijo problematiko skozi prizmo delavcev v turizmu (gostinstvo, hotelirstvo, šport in rekreacija) in turistov, ki so takrat počitnikovali v Opatiji, Umagu in Portorožu.
Odnos prebivalcev obmejnih območij Slovenije do slovensko-hrvaške državne meje
Authors: Špes Metka
Published: December 2018

Članek predstavlja osnovne geografske značilnosti štirih vzorčnih obmejnih območij (Slovenska Istra, Bela Krajina, Spodnje Posavje in Spodnje Podravje), ki so bila vključena v raziskavo o vplivu nove državne meje na življenje tamkajšnjih prebivalcev. Analizirali smo njihovo razumevanje sprememb v gospodarskih in socialnih razmerah, prometnih tokovih, medetičnih odnosih itd. Anketiranci (1200 anket) so ocenjevali tudi razvojne možnosti domače regije v luči njene obmejne lege in ovire, ki zavirajo sodelovanje s sosednjo Hrvaško in predvsem njenimi obmejnimi regijami. Predstavljeni so še aktualni projekti čezmejnega sodelovanja.
Čezmejno sodelovanje med Koroško in Slovenijo na podeželskem prostoru
Authors: Roblek Igor
Published: December 2018

Avstrija je od leta 1995 članica Evropske unije (EU). S pristopom k EU se jespremenila tudi regionalna politika in regionalni razvoj. Vlada je močnopodpirala ustanovitev regij, ki so kot glavno nalogo imele in imajo imple-mentacijo projektov, ki služijo boljšemu razvoju določenega območja. VAvstriji je bil v 80ih letih 20. stoletja uveden sistem decentraliziranegaplaniranja in decentralnega razvoja posebno podeželja in perifernihobmočij.Danes avstrijske regije, med njimi tudi CARNICA Rož, razvijajo in uresniču-jejo razne projekte, npr. v kmetijstvu, gozdarstvu in turizmu. Posebnopomembno je čezmejno sodelovanje in razvijanje skupnih programov stega področja.
Aplikativne možnosti geografije pri preučevanju pobočnih procesov
Authors: Komac Blaž
Published: December 2018

Objavljamo pregled slovenske geografske literature o pobočnih procesih, pišemoo geografskih metodah preučevanja pobočnih procesov in predlagamo uporabo terenskega obrazca za opis gmotnega odnašanja 1.0". Z obrazcem pridobimo okrog 120 podatkov, ki nam pomagajo pri poenotenju in kvantifikaciji geografskega preučevanja pobočnih procesov."
Fizičnogeografsko vrednotenje podeželskega prostora za kmetijstvo in pozidavo
Authors: Topole Maja
Published: December 2018

Članek predstavlja metodologijo vrednotenja podeželskega prostora z vidika kmetijstva in pozidave. Kriteriji primernosti površin za njive, vinograde, sadovnjake, travnike in pozidavo so fizičnogeografski dejavniki. Poudarek je na geografskem informacijskem sistemu, na kvantitativnih metodah in ponderiranju - oceni teže geoekoloških dejavnikov v primeru različnih tipov rabe tal.
Zgoščeni imenik zemljepisnih imen Slovenije
Authors: Peršolja Borut
Published: December 2018

Članek obravnava problematiko standardizacije zemljepisnih imen v Sloveniji. Izpostavljen je pomen geografskega preučevanja zemljepisnih imen, ki obsega preučevanje prisotnosti in lege zemljepisnih imen, njihovo sistematično opredeljevanje po geografskih sestavinah pokrajine in skrb za pravilno rabo in zapisovanje zemljepisnih imen v vseh medijih, ki predstavljajo pokrajino.
Geografski pogledi na strokovne planerske analize
Authors: Černe Andrej
Published: December 2018

Prispevek obravnava z geografskega vidika nekatera vprašanja opredeljevanja tako imenovanih strokovnih podlag pri pripravi prostorskih planskih dokumentov. Poudarek je na pripravi analize stanja in na opredeljevanju prostorskih problemov.
Problemi jezikovne politike v EU in možnosti aplikativne geografije
Authors: Williams Colin H.
Published: December 2018

Članek obravnava različne probleme, ki zadevajo načrtovanje jezikovnih politik v Evropski uniji. Podrobneje prikazuje filozofske, metodološke in tehnične doprinose aplikativne geografije pri razvijanju holistične perspektive o jeziku v širšem kontekstu. Prispevek nadalje predlaga skupne možne pobude za mednarodno raziskovanje v okviru razširjene Evrope.
Ohranjanje regionalne raznolikosti stanovanjske hiše v Sloveniji
Authors: Drozg Vladimir
Published: December 2018

Prispevek obravnava problem ohranjanja raznolikosti pri novih stanovanjskih hišah in način vključevanja oblikovnih določil v sistem urejanja naselij. Pri tem sta ključni dve vprašanji: 1. kaj ohranjati (kateri fiziognomski elementi vpostavljajo identiteto regionalnega stavbarstva) in 2. kako ohranjati (kakšen naj bo režim ohranjanja v posameznih pokrajinah).
Geografske zasnove sonaravnega načrtovanja regionalnega napredka Zasavske regije
Authors: Plut Dušan
Published: December 2018

Geografske zasnove načrtovanja regionalnega napredka in posegov v geografsko okolje izhajajo iz predpostavk koncepta trajnega prilagajanja antropogenih sprememb v pokrajini svojstvenim zmogljivostim in omejitvam pokrajinotvornih sestavin. V pokrajinsko degradirani Zasavski regiji je izboljšanje kakovosti okolja (kurativni ukrepi) in regionalni gospodarski napredek v okviru nosilnih zmogljivosti okolja in prostora (preventivni ukrepi) temeljni razvojno-okoljsko zasnovan cilj razvojne strategije.
Primerjava stanovanjskega trga med nemškim Vzhodom in Zahodom
Authors: Rothenwallner Gerd
Published: December 2018

Po enakem stanju po drugi svetovni vojni, sta se glede na politična in ekonomska siste-ma stanovanjska trga Vzhodni in Zahodni Nemčiji razvijala povsem različno. Na eni strani je bila s strani države kontrolirana masovna produkcija stanovanj v planskem gospodarstvu in na drugi stanovanjska gradnja pod tržnimi pogoji. Nujno politična nalo-ga je oba stanovanjska trga poenotiti.
Strategija regionalnega razvoja v Sloveniji
Authors: Piry Ivo
Published: December 2018

Prispevek obravnava vlogo razvojnega načrtovanja na področju regionalnega razvoja, kot ga opredeljuje Strategija regionalnega razvoja Slovenije. Predstavljen je pomen in glavni elementi strategije, kot so vizija, načela in kvantificirani cilji ter institucionalni okvir, ki se neposredno kaže v teritorialni členitvi Slovenije na dvanajst statističnih regij. Predstavljen je Državni razvojni program 2002-2006, ki pomeni operacionalizacijo zastavljenih ciljev.
Oblike sodelovanja in organizacije za mestne regije – primeri iz Nemčije
Authors: Scheller Jens Peter
Published: December 2018

Na primerih mestnih regij Starkenburg, Hannover in Frankfurt na Maini avtor predstav-lja organizacijske in vsebinske oblike sodelovanja znanosti in "konjunkturne politike" v načrtovanju njihovega razvoja. Ob tem so izpostavljene, potrebe po izenačevanju živ-ljenjskih pogojev med mestom in podeželjem, odnosi med mestom in državo in odnosi med, v glavnem različno razvitimi, posameznimi regijami.
Prostorski dejavniki za lokacijo proizvodnih celic na območju KS Črne na Koroškem
Authors: Klemenčič Vladimir
Published: December 2018

Družbeno-ekonomski razvoj Slovenije po drugi svetovni vojni označuje intenzivna industrializacija, ki jo spremlja zgoščevanje prebivalstva in gospodarskih dejavnosti v ozkih rečnih dolinah in kotlinah. Do visoke stopnje koncentracije je torej prišlo v ravnem ekološko občutljivem pokrajinskem sistemu, kjer so tudi pomembni vodni viri in rodovitna zemlja. Na drugi strani pa se veča delež slabo poseljenega ali neposeljenega sveta, zlasti v višjih in kraških območjih Slovenije, depopulacija pa spremlja tudi zmanjševanje obsega kulturne pokrajine. Zaradi navedenih značilnosti se manjša delež obdelovalnih površin, slabša se ekološka kvaliteta življenja. Dosedanji planski ukrepi za razvoj turizma in kmetijstva niso dali zadovoljivih rezultatov in niso bistveno zmanjšali negativnih trendov migradij v doline in kotline.
Industrializacija koroške regije
Authors: Vrišer Igor
Published: December 2018

Koroška regija (občine Dravograd, Radlje, Ravne in Slovenj Gradec) se je industrializirala razmeroma zgodaj, že v 19. stoletju. Industrija je bila osredotočena v nekaj naseljih v Mežiški dolini in še v nekaj drugih krajih (Dravograd, Slovenj Gradec, Mislinja in Muta). Industrijski razvoj izkazuje več kriznih obdobij. V novo nastali Jugoslaviji se je industrializacija sicer nadaljevala,vendar so industrijska podjetja občutila neugodnosti periferne in obmejne lege. Največjo prosperiteto so doživljali lesna industrija in rudniki svinca, železarstvo je bilo manj uspešno, premogovniki pa so zaradi izčrpanosti in nerentabilnosti postopoma usihali.
Socialnoekonomska in prostorska problematika samotnih kmetij v KS Črna
Authors: Klemenčič Marijan M.
Published: December 2018

Samotne kmetije so posebna oblika poselitve, ki sloni na bolj ali manj gospodarsko samostojnih in prostorsko izoliranih ali vsaj med seboj slabo povezanih enotah. Bolj kot pri kateremkoli drugem tipu poselitve sloni ta poselitev na družinski instituciji: s propadom družine propade celotna gospodarska celica, ki jo predstavlja samotna kmetija. O pomenu poselitve v obliki samotnih kmetij ni potrebno izgubljati besed, posebno to še velja za obmejna in narodnostno občutljiva območja.
Naravne in tehnično-ekonomske osnove za male HE v zgornji Mežiški dolini
Authors: Plut Dušan
Published: December 2018

Pri izbiranju lokacije za proizvodne celice (PC) je potrebno upoštevati, da pomeni njihovo uvajanje tudi povečano rabo električne energije. Zato je upravičena proučitev krajevnih, domačih energetskih, zlasti obnovljivih virov, ki bi jih bilo možno redno ali občasno uporabljati za proizvodnjo električne energije. Med njimi je v alpskem in vodnatem Zgornjem Pomežju danes praktično še neizkoriščena vodna moč, ki ustreza za osnovno ali dodatno energetsko oskrbo PC, pa tudi za gospodinjstva in druge manjše uporabnike.
Vrtača: simbolična in problematična kraška oblika
Authors: Sauro Ugo
Published: December 2018

Prof. Ivan Gams je s svojim raziskovalnim delom pomembno prispeval tudi k preučevanju vrtač. Raziskoval je, kako se začnejo vrtače razvijati, sprva kot na površju nevidne oblike. Najbolj običajne vrtače so rezultat "pospešene korozije" topne kamnine v osrednjih delih kotanj. S preučevanjem vrtač lahko razločimo njihove številne tipe, ki so rezultat zelo različnih genetskih mehanizmov. Na osnovi značilnosti vrtač na sedmih erozijskih terasah na planoti Montello v italijanskih Alpah lahko izdelamo preliminarni model razvoja teh oblik. Na klasičnem Krasu lahko zlahka prepoznamo, kako lahko različne subpopulacije vrtač obstajajo druga ob drugi, kar je posledica menjavanja za njihov nastanek ugodnih in neugodnih klimatskih obdobij.
The socio-economic and spatial transformation of Polish cities after 1989
Authors: Parysek Jerzy J.
Published: December 2018

The aim of this paper is to present the socio-economic and spatial transformation of Polish cities after 1989. The Polish changes reached the structures of the three basic subsystems of the state: political (power), social (society), and economic (the economy). The systemic transformation that has taken place in Poland after 1989 is most readily visible in towns, although it was introduced in the country as a whole. For the development and transforma-tion of towns, the most important were the introduction of local government structures and the market model of the economy. The restitution of local government has ensured towns an authentic manager authorised to perform his function by the local community. The in-troduction of the market model to the economy has resulted in its privatisation and the ap-pearance of enterprise and competition. Towns, especially the biggest cities, have become attractive locations for investment. Cities with a balanced economic structure and well-de-veloped infrastructure had much better chances for growth to start with. Unfortunately, the transformation period has also had some detrimental effects, the most important being un-employment and all kinds of social deviance. However, Polish cities are certainly different today and resemble Western cities to a greater extent than did the so-called socialist towns built along theoretically beautiful but practically ineffectual ideological lines.
Spatial development of Slovenian towns in the last decade
Authors: Drozg Vladimir
Published: December 2018

This contribution intends to show some characteristics of the special development of Slo-venian towns in the last decade. Trends of spatial development are more or less similar in all towns, irrespective of their size, economic orientation of the town and development of the gravitational area. The main caracteristics is that the majority of Slovenian towns gradually moves from a high density compact town into a dispersed, regional town.
Recent development of Slovene towns - social structure and transformation
Authors: Rebernik Dejan
Published: December 2018

In Slovene towns and urban areas several processes of social transformation and change have been present in the last decade. As a consequence of political and economic transition increased social differentiation resulted in increased social segregation in urban areas. Some areas such as high-rise housing estates and part of older inner city areas were affected by social degradation and concentration of low-income population and ethnical minorities. In some parts of inner cities processes of reurbanisation and gentrification are taking place. However, the degree of social segragation is lower than in the cities of most transitional countries of Central and Eastern Europe.
Tel Aviv, Israel - a world city in evolution: urban development at a deadend of the global economy
Authors: Kipnis Barukh
Published: December 2018

Tel Aviv was mentioned as a world city for the first time by Kellerman (1993) who empha-sized the existence of leading economic functions typical for the late 20th century city. This paper extends the notion of Tel Aviv as a world city in evolution, using up-to-date world city literature and indicators. Greater (metropolitan) Tel Aviv with 2.6 million population in 2000 (Tel Aviv City had 350000) has been Israel`s primate urban agglomeration since the 1920s. Since the 1990s it has evolved into a hard core of Israel`s post-industrial, globally orientated economy, and has displayed a post-modern physical ambience and social and cultural lifestyle. Tel Aviv evolved into a global city in spite of the fact that it is located at a frontier in its own region, the Mideast, and at the cul-de-sac site relative to the mainstream global economic centers with which it maintains most of its network links. In addition to common attributes of a world city one of the main assets of Tel Aviv is its high R&D inten-sive industry, acting as a growth pole for the local and national economies. Future research avenues are an in-depth analysis of Tel Aviv`s social inequalities and the linkage patterns that Tel Aviv maintains with other urban centers of world city caliber.
Globalising Dublin: indicators of an urban society in transition
Authors: Moore Niamh M.
Published: December 2018

Globalisation – political, economic or cultural - is controlled from, but is simultaneously shaping, urban places. Much of the recent research on globalisation and urban transformati-on has focused on the emergence of an international urban system. Within this system, the role and place of Dublin has been highly contested. This is due in part to the unique way in which the city has attempted to re-position itself within a global framework, but is also due to the difficulty in defining what actually constitutes a world city. Friedmann (1986) argues that one of the key characteristics of these places is that they become destination points for both domestic and international migrants, while Sassen (1991) argues that they are typified by significant socio-spatial polarisation. This paper examines some of the ways in which Dublin, a former peripheral city in global terms, is becoming increasingly embedded in the global urban system. It highlights how the city is beginning to exemplify many of the eco-nomic, social and cultural characteristics associated with ‘world cities’ and discusses a suitable framework for understanding this transition.
Hungarian regional development with the Europe of regions
Authors: Tóth József
Published: December 2018

The professional and political debate on the superficial or in-depth reorganization and re-form of Hungary 's administrative regions – which has been a constant feature on the agenda, albeit with varying levels of importance since the regime change of 1990 – has today been revived. The reforms carried out in Hungary during the part decade, although affecting area organization at many levels, have failed within the modified conditional system to provide a viable and comprehensive system. The internal structure of a state is determined by the state boundaries. To speak of state borders with regard to a uniting Europe is no easy task, since the import of the expression is changing within the framework of this integration. The outer borders of the EU lie along natural boundaries, and therefore may be clearly de-fined, while serving as protective enclosures for achievements which present inhabitants reached over many decades. In recent decades this produced a predominantly isolating tendency, and its liberalization in relation to penetrability may be mainly interpreted as a result of the expansion process. It seems appropriate to emphasise this notion, since after enlargement in 2004, today’s Schengen border will partly become an internal one, and in parallel will be gradually pushed eastwards, creating a wall or barrier in regions where it was traditionally desirable to maintain penetrability.
Small towns: an important part of the Moravian settlement system
Authors: Vaishar Antonín
Published: December 2018

The paper brings characteristics of Moravian towns with inhabitants below 15 thousand. The towns still play an important role in the settlement structure. Their share in the coun-try’s population remains stable. As compared with larger towns and cities, the parameters of their natural and social environments exhibit a number of advantages. The future of small towns in Moravia is discussed with impulses for the conservation of urban functions being seen in the provision of central services for rural hinterlands and in specialization. Main future significance of small Moravian towns consists in the insurance of sustainable development of Moravian countryside, in the provision of alternative life style offer for a part of the population, and in keeping up local and regional identities in the process of globalization.
The neighbourhood as a context of responsibility
Authors: Ostendorf W. J. M.
Published: December 2018

The history of the role neighbourhoods are expected to play in everyday life of the residents is highly dynamic. This paper gives an overview. Some hundred years ago neighbourhoods formed the almost complete framework for everyday life. This changed due to increasing mobility. Many people expected the end of the relevance of the neighbourhood, but in a new role the neighbourhood will be quite important: as a context of responsibility for the residents.
Reflections on the concept and conceptualisation of the urban neighbourhood in societies in transition: the case of Pretoria (South Africa)
Authors: Horn A. C.
Published: December 2018

In the article socio-economic analysis of neighborhood is presented on the basis of big ethni-cally defined neighborhoods in Pretoria and the practice of the inhabitants thereof: communi-cations, activities, relation to environment, activities of individuals, form of neighborhoods. A neighborhood is defined as a form of interaction of natural and social environment.
Social problems and public image of the housing estates of 1960's in Spain. An analysis of cases
Authors: Piñeira-Mantiñan Mariá José
Published: December 2018

The decade of the 1960’s in Spain was characterized for period in which there proliferated the construction of housing estates. Though these constructions in a beginning(principle) were constructed in the periphery of the cities nowadays they form a part of the urban con-solidated nucleus. They are characterized for having a morfogía in opened apple and in ge-neral to receive groups with scanty buying power.
From urban form to urban relations: in search for a new kind of reflexive and critical knowledge in urban geography and city monitoring
Authors: Racine Jean Bernard
Published: December 2018

The paper explores what unites the social environment the material environment. both the material form, and, jointly, the sensibility that echoes it. .It argues that urban geographers need to develop a research model drawing on urban geography, on urbanism and on land management and capable of integrating the thoughts, the emotions, the affects and the valu-es of city dwellers and citizens and therefore knowledge situated at a micro-social level. However, such research still would need to lead to truly regulatory knowledge. Its translati-on into practical measures needs to be democratically approved, especially by actors who know how to think and act both locally and globally, in relation to multiple and complex territories of affiliation and intervention. This implies a huge effort of the imagination and of construction, both at the theoretical level and at the level of the operational tools needed. Indeed, the concept of “ urban project ”, which has been frequently encountered since the end of the ‘70s and which is supposed finally to supersede functionalist urbanism, cannot be conceived of without taking into consideration the population’s capability to participate and embrace projects or, on the contrary, to oppose them.
Household size and urban spatial change: end of an era?
Authors: Sinclair Robert
Published: December 2018

A dominant demographic trend of the last few decades has been the declining size of house-holds in Western industrialized countries. Following closely upon the Baby Boom, the development became a major topic of discussion for almost two decades. The basis for, and consequences of, these changes have been well covered in the demographic literature, but their spatial implications have received less attention. Yet the, phenomenon has had a pro-found spatial impact at every level of the urban system. Recent statistics indicate that house-hold size continues to decline, but does so at a rapidly decreasing rate. The present paper considers the spatial repercussions of this trend. More specifically, the paper has three aims. (1) The paper summarizes and puts into present-day perspective, a volume of research con-ducted a decade ago upon the spatial impact of declining household size upon the U.S. urban system (Sinclair, 1991). (2) Considers more recent demographic developments, ask-ing whether the impact of declining household size upon the urban system is declining or coming to a close, (3) Considers other demographic developments which might he taking the place of declining household size in driving the urban system. In sum, the paper at-tempts to answer the question. Is an era, which has signifycantly impacted the U.S. urban system, coming to a close?
Urban roofscapes in transition - the case of Graz/Austria
Authors: Zsilincsar Walter
Published: December 2018

By the example of the Austrian city of Graz whose old town has been declared a world he-ritage site in 2000 attention shall be focused on the more or less “unnoticed” changes of the historic roofscape that can be observed and that should attract more interest from a geogra-phical (creation of new living space, attraction of new social groups to the city-center), pla-nning and urban zoning (redevelopment of the building and functional structures) or archi-tectonic (urban conservation) perspective.
Decentralization of the Zagreb urban region
Authors: Bašić Ksenija
Published: December 2018

Since 1971 Zagreb urban region has been showing decentralization tendencies in its popu-lation development, while the decentralization of employment significantly lags behind. Migration is the principal component of population change.
The rural-urban interface, a territorial approach to the spatial fragmentation of urban sprawl
Authors: Delgado Javier
Published: December 2018

In the article influences of the urbanisation of outskirts of big cities in Mexico on natural environment as a whole and on individual elements thereof are analysed, in view of degra-dation as well as development factors. The so-called contact zone is hereby pointed out, including all its urbanisation changes. Conclusions are based on a qualitative evaluation and the so-called contact-spatial reclassification.
Environmental issues of the Ljubljana urban region
Authors: Špes Metka
Published: December 2018

The main environmental problems of Ljubljana urban region which are obstacle of sustain-able development are presented in the paper, especially the main sources of air pollution and water manegment. Actual quality of life in urban environment is seen also in noise pollu-tion, quality and accessibility of green areas and in traffic. On the end the article discusses the attitudes of Ljubljana residents to environmental problems and quality of life in urban region.
The natural environment in the sustainable development of towns: the exampleof Poznań
Authors: Mierzejewska Lidia
Published: December 2018

In the eighties the environmental elements air, water and soils were examined in correlation with the situation of economic development. In the nineties green areas, which are particu-larly important for Poznan, were planned within the framework of the General urban plan-ning of the town. In the article, natural factors are represented as restrictive development factors. In the questionnaire, over 83 % of the inhabitants of Poznan pointed out green areas to be the most important factor with regard to further house building.
Dispersed and decentralised settlement system
Authors: Černe Andrej
Published: December 2018

In the process of reintegration of the urban system new settlements are emerging on the urban rim, transitional zones are reurbanised, derelict areas within the cities are being deve-loped and degraded urban areas of derelict industrial complexes are being renaturalised. In the periphery combined research and production parks are being set up, in the open land-scape integrated business, trade and recreational centres are springing up. Decentralisation and recentralisation of focal points of development accompany the contemporary processes of reurbanisation and suburbanisation – they are simultaneous and move in two-direction i. e. to and from the city. We understand them as manifestation of a dynamic balance among contradiction existing between the centre and the rim. Deindustrialisation and relocation of production and distribution from the centres of gravity to the periphery generate extensive degraded urban areas within cities and between the city and suburbs. The periphery is being urbanised with the creation of new, dispersed and nonhierachical poles of development, and the city and inner city is undergoing reurbanization. The general environmental conditions in the city and in the countryside are being equalised, the potentials of development are being sought in the comparative advantages of local conditions: be it attractive urban dis-tricts, be it suburban entities or countryside areas.