bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative effectiveness of the use of various gonadoliberin analogues and the effect of the morphobiochemical composition of blood on the fertilization of cows
Authors: Nikolaev S. V.
Published: May 2022

Synchronization schemes of sexual cyclicity are widely used in dairy cattle breeding to optimize reproductive function in cows and heifers. A comparative evaluation of the use of three synthetic analogues of gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRH) in a complex synchronization scheme was carried out, as well as the influence of the morphobiochemical composition of blood on fertilization was determined. For experimental work, 3 groups of full-aged cows were formed, 10 in each. The first group of animals was intramuscularly administered surfagon at a dose of 10 ml, the second – fertagil 2.5 ml, the third - fertagon 5 ml. In cows treated with surfagon fertilization after the first insemination was 70%, fertagil - 20%, fertagon - 50%. According to the results of 3 months of observations, after treatment with surfagon and fertagon, fertilization was 80%, with a multiplicity of inseminations of 1.13 and 1.38 times, respectively, whereas after treatment with fertagil, fertilization was 60% with a multiplicity of 1.67. The morphological picture of blood in infertile cows on the day of artificial insemination was characterized by a lower content of erythrocytes (by 10.7%; P<0.05), lower hematocrit (by 6.3%; P<0.05), with a higher content and concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte (by 7.0%; P<0.05 and 2.9%; P<0.05, respectively). It was also found that infertile cows had lower progesterone levels on the day of insemination. Thus, in the group treated with surfagon, the hormone concentration was 2.7 times lower compared to those fertilized, in animals treated with fertagil 4.2 times (P<0.05), fertagon 2.0 times (P<0.05), which is apparently due to the different functional activity of the pituitary-gonadal system.
Evaluation of mineral metabolism of highly productive cows with myocardiodystrophy in the prenatal period
Authors: Kochueva N. A. , Sabetova K. D.
Published: May 2022

Mineral elements are necessary components of the cells and tissues of the body. The imbalance of magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, calcium in the blood serum of animals affects the function of the cardiovascular system, contributes the development of myocardial dystrophy. Due to the intense functional activity, highly productive cows are more prone to the development of this pathology, therefore, the determination of their content of minerals during the prenatal period is relevant. To perform the study, two groups of highly productive cows of the Kostroma breed of the third or fourth lactation, which are in the prenatal period - 10-13 days before calving, were formed under the conditions of the livestock enterprise SPK "Gridino" of the Krasnoselsky district of the Kostroma region. The first experimental group was formed of 15 clinically healthy cows; the second experimental group included 5 cows with signs of myocardial dystrophy (tachycardia, weakness of heart sounds, specific ECG changes, etc.). The amount of important mineral elements for optimal myocardial function was determined in the blood serum, using the OLVEX reagent kits. The components such as magnesium and potassium, as well as total calcium and inorganic phosphorus were mathematically calculated on he basis of K:Mg and Ca:P ratio. It was found that in the blood serum of sick cows the level of magnesium was higher (1.85 times (P<0.001), against the lower values of potassium 29.57% (P<0.01), total calcium (by 10.9 %), inorganic phosphorus (by 10.8%) than in clinically healthy cows. This indicates a significant imbalance of the studied mineral metabolism components in highly productive cows in the prenatal period with myocardial dystrophy.
Evaluation of the quality of native and cryopreserved semen of birds of breeds brama light and brama fawn and their chimeras
Authors: Kozikova L. V. , Polteva E. , Kurochkin A. A. , Pleshanov N. V.
Published: May 2022

Due to the significant decline in the diversity of bird breeds and populations, there is a need to preserve germ cells of rare breeds and unique organisms, such as chimeras. The main method for preserving the gene pool in birds is the method of semen cryopreservation, which is used in many countries of the world in the form of creating cryobanks. Sperm from the birds of the breeds Brama light and Brama fawn and their chimeras were obtained by abdominal massage. Cryopreservation of the semen was carried out in small granules with the addition of a 6% solution of dimethylacetamide. The granules were thawed on a heated metal plate at 60°C. The ejaculate volume, sperm activity and its concentration in the studied breeds and their chimeras did not differ statistically. The maximum activity of the frozen-thawed semen was observed in the semen of the Brahma fawn breed (40.0%), and the minimum activity in the Brahma light breed was 30%, while in chimeras the semen activity occupied an intermediate position and amounted to 35%. Thus, frozen-thawed spermatozoa of bird chimeras are viable, as well as native semen.
Species diversity of dominant etiologically significant bacteria circulating in industrial poultry
Authors: Makavchik S. A. , Smirnova L. I. , Sukhinin A. A. , Kuzmin V. A.
Published: May 2022

The problem of the spread of bacterial infections of birds associated with opportunistic microorganisms occupies a significant place in the modern infectious pathology of birds.The aim of this work is to determine the species diversity of the dominant etiologically significant bacteria circulating in industrial poultry farming. Based on the results for the period 2019 to 2020, we carried out bacteriological studies of pathological material from birds in poultry farms of various technological directions.The dominant species are Escherichia coli, which accounts for 50.7%, Enterococcus faecalis - 25.4%, and Proteus mirabilis - 8.4%. Also, thermophilic Campylobacter spp. - 4.3% were isolated from the organs, including such epidemiologically dangerous species as Campylobacter jejuni. The microorganisms were virulent and differed in their cultural and biochemical properties.Cultures such as Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis are isolated from many organs, which indicates the generalization of the infectious process, the culture of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. were isolated from the liver, which indicates the organotropy of these types of microorganisms.The species composition of the allocated microflora is determined by the epizootic situation in each individual farm, which results in a different percentage of the dominant species.Pure cultures of thermophilic campylobacter were obtained on selective Preston agar with cultivation for 7 days at a temperature of 42 ° C under microaerophilic conditions. However, culturing Campylobacter hepaticus is difficult because it is sensitive to a number of antimicrobial agents used in Campylobacter enrichment media and selective agar.The emergence of new Campylobacter species requires a revision of phenotypic identification algorithms. MALDI TOF mass spectrometry databases need to be updated and specific primers developed to identify new Campylobacter species.Significant variability of indicators of indication of one or another microflora from the liver and gallbladder indicates significant differences in the etiology of bacterial infections of birds.
Transition to a new model of agrarian education: (regional experience)
Authors: Sidorova K. A. , Goncharenko O. N. , Cheremenina N. A.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the article is to reveal the regional experience of the transition to a new model of agricultural education. The article notes the need for a transition to a new model of agricultural education, which is based on practice-oriented and competence-based approaches. The authors have identified the main areas of activity of the university associated with the implementation of the designated model: structural and managerial, educational, educational and industrial, behavioral. In conclusion, it was concluded that, despite all the difficulties, regional agricultural education is being adapted to meet market demands - new programs are being developed and implemented, digital solutions and new teaching methods are being introduced, agricultural business is involved in the implementation of the educational process.
Experimental study of the biocompatibility of the implant based on bacterial cellulose
Authors: Mironova T. E. , Koptev V. Yu. , Afonyushkin V. N. , Beghtold A. A.
Published: May 2022

This work is devoted to an experimental study of the reaction of body tissues to an implant based on bacterial cellulose synthesized by the bacterial strain Gluconacetobacter xylinus. The influence of the internal environment of the body on the characteristics of the implanted material was also studied to determine the prospects for its use in veterinary medicine.Currently, the issue of creating new implantable materials for a long time, or improving existing ones, does not lose its relevance. Based on this, it can be concluded that there are shortcomings in the previously developed materials. Certain requirements are imposed on implantable materials, such as elasticity, strength, porosity, non-toxicity, and others. The most important property of such materials can be called biocompatibility, as well as resistance to the effects of the biological environment.This study is aimed at establishing the possibility of using bacterial cellulose (BC) as an implantable material, which combines all the necessary properties for implants. The study of the reaction of body tissues to the implant was carried out on laboratory rats of the Wistar line. The implanted material was placed on the outer layer of the muscles of the abdominal wall of laboratory animals, after which, on the 14th, 30th and 90th days, a visual examination of the state of cellulose and nearby tissues was carried out, and tissues were selected for histological examination.The experimental results indicate that the implant based on bacterial cellulose does not cause negative reactions from nearby tissues, does not collapse during the observation period, and is reliably fixed on the muscle layer by a capsule of collagen fibers.
Diagnosis of the aleutian mink disease using the molecular genetic method
Authors: Sukhinin A. A. , Gumberidze M. M. , Prikhodko E. I. , Sulyan O. S. , Vinokhodov V. O.
Published: May 2022

Today, fur farming continues to incur huge losses because of the Aleutian mink disease. Frequently, the pathogen enters the territory of farms together with newly imported mink livestock, which is why the applied immunoelectroosmophoresis reaction has low efficiency if the antibodies have not yet reached a certain level. So for this reason, the problem of accurate and early diagnosis of viral plasmocytosis in newly imported quarantine livestock becomes urgent. The study was carried out using PCR diagnostics of fecal samples from a newly imported population of minks of 30-day age in the fur farm of the North-Western region. Before taking fecal samples, all animals were examined by clinical methods. PCR diagnostics was performed using a set of reagents «Test system "ABN"» according to the manufacturer's instructions. According to the results of the experiment, it was found that out of 40 selected animals without clinical signs of the disease, 29 managed to detect the DNA of the causative agent of viral plasmocytosis. Thus, the use of PCR diagnostics as a method of identifying the Aleutian mink disease virus for newly imported livestock will prevent the development and spread of the disease already at its early stages.
The nucleotide sequence of the vp2 gene of the epizootic strain of infectious bursal disease virus and comparing it with classical and highly virulent strains
Authors: Veretennikov V. V. , Rumyantsev A. M. , Javadov E. D. , Tarlavin N. V. , Veretennikov M. V.
Published: May 2022

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus is the causative agent of a severe immunosuppressive disease in young birds. Although the disease was first discovered more than 60 years ago, it continues to pose a significant threat to the poultry industry worldwide [4]. The causative agent is RNA-containing virus, which belongs to the genus Avibirnavirus of the family Birnaviridae [17].The virion includes five viral proteins, designated VP1, VP2, VP3, VP4, and VP5 [15] with an approximate molecular weight of 97 kDa, 41 kDa, 32 kDa, 28 kDa, and 21 kDa, respectively. Additional proteins such as VPX or pVP2 are also noted [12]. The capsid protein VP2 has long been a focus of recombinant subunit vaccine development because it is responsible for eliciting a protective immune response against IBD. However, reports of many authors [2,3,6] point to the antigenic heterogeneity of IBD virus strains isolated in Russia and other countries, which is associated with the failure of existing vaccines in preventing the disease; therefore, to create and successfully use recombinant vaccines, it is necessary to study epizootic strains isolated in the Russian Federation as well.Therefore, the purpose of this work was to perform genetic analysis of the VP2 gene of the epizootic strain "Sinyavinsky" and compare it with the classical strains of IBD virus serotypes 1 and 2 isolated in Europe and highly virulent strains isolated in the Russian Federation.
Analysis of infection and incidence of leukemia in cattle
Authors: Tselueva N. I.
Published: May 2022

This article analyzes the epizootic situation of leukemia of beef and dairy cattle in the farms of the Smolensk region. Laboratory diagnostic blood tests, which revealed infected and sick animals over certain years, played an important role in the study of the epizootic situation.Along with this, we have studied the manifestation of the epizootic process of bovine leukemia in the Smolensk region. All this was later used to carry out effective work on the prevention and control of bovine leukemia.The analysis data given in this article allow us to conclude that the disease of bovine leukemia in the region is gradually decreasing, and from 2017 to 2020 there is a more active decline. The most favorable epizootic situation for leukemia is in breeding and commodity farms for the cultivation of cattle. At the same time, the veterinary service is actively working to eliminate leukemia among cattle belonging to the population. Diagnostic studies on hematology to identify sick animals with leukemia have declined markedly, especially in recent years. This is due to both a decrease in the number of livestock and the elimination of the disease in many farms.The livestock of cattle is annually subjected to routine serological studies, while the discharge of infected animals is still noted. As a result, there is a source of infection in the territory of the region among animals susceptible to it and the epizootic situation for leukemia among cattle remains unfavorable.
Influence of CGPR-receptor antagonists on regenerative processes in hepatopathies of toxic genesis
Authors: Ponamarev V. S. , Popova O. S.
Published: May 2022

This article describes the results of an experiment on potentiation of the hepatoprotective agent "Hepaton" with a drugantagonist of CGPR receptors.Calcitonin Gene Linked Peptide (CGRP) is a highly efficient vasoactive peptide released from sensory nerves, the main, most active form of which (α-form) is produced by alternative splicing. The CGRP receptor is a complex of a calcitonin-like receptor (CLR) and one transmembrane protein, RAMP1.At the moment, one of the most urgent topics is the study of the role of this peptide in various pathogenetic processes in humans and animals. Due to the fact that the liver is one of the largest reservoirs for CGRP receptors, the role of this peptide in the regulation of liver pathologies is obvious. Thus, it has been reliably established that in hepatopathies of various origins, the concentration of CGRP in the blood plasma increases significantly, which determines the hyperkinetics of the portal circulation characteristic of liver lesions.To assess the prospects of potentiation of hepatobiliary protector drugs using CGPR receptor antagonists, we used a drug with hepatoprotective activity "Hepaton" (developed by FGBOU VO "SPbGUVM", therapeutic dosage for rats - 0.5 mg / kg, duration of pharmacological correction - 7 days) in combination with monoclonal antibodies of class G2 (IgG2), binding with high affinity to the receptor of calcitonin-gene-related peptide (erenumab, Irinex, dosage for rats - 0.75 ml / kg, was used once before the start of the experiment) and their effect on the regeneration of hepatic pathology induced by the use of 1,2-dichloroethane (within 7 days) in standard dosages.Based on both experimental and scientific literature data, it can be concluded that drugs antagonists of CGPR receptors have an extremely wide range of applications in the future, including for potentiating other drugs used for pharmacological correction of various pathologies.Rational influence on CGPR receptors can reliably influence the maintenance of homeostasis and nociception of the hepatobiliary system.
Features of bile acid metabolism in fish
Authors: Popova O. S. , Agafonova L. A.
Published: May 2022

The fish liver is an important organ involved in the complex metabolism of bile and bile acids. The biochemical reactions that occur during this process directly depend on the functional state of the digestive system and fish nutrition. Knowledge of the features of bile acid metabolism will allow designing the cheapest and at the same time effective drugs for the pharmacological correction of hepatopathy. The composition of bile acids depends on the type of food, so in fish such as pike, perch, carp, cholic and deoxycholic acids conjugated with taurine are more common. In predatory fish, cholic acid predominates, in contrast to benthivorous fish. Substances secreted with bile do not participate in the general metabolism of tissues, so that hepatocytes do not need to constantly secrete large volumes of bile.The metabolism of bile acids is carried out by the liver and is called the enterohepatic circulation. It all starts with the biological precursor of bile acids - cholesterol. Cholesterol in the body is formed during the absorption of lipids in the intestine. Two-thirds of exogenous cholesterol is excreted from the body in the form of bile acids. As a result of transformation by hepatocytes, primary bile acids are formed - cholic and chenodioxycholic. Then they are cojugated with taurine or glycine in the C-24 region of the carboxyl group and are excreted from hepatocytes continuously through the bile ducts to the gallbladder and further to the intestine. In the intestine, under the influence of microbial metabolites, they are hydroxylated and converted into secondary bile acids. Cholic becomes deoxycholic, and chenodisoxycholic becomes lithocholic. A small amount of bile acids are in a free state and form paired compounds. 90% of bile acids in the intestine form complexes of choleic acids in combination with fatty acids, which are absorbed through the wall of enterocytes. In enterocytes, these complexes again disintegrate and bile acids again enter the liver through the portal vein. Thus the circle of metabolism is closed.
The effect of various cryoprotective components on the survival of probiotic microorganisms after freeze drying
Authors: Yavnikov N. V.
Published: May 2022

In this study, the influence of various cryoprotectants on the viability of the consortium of probiotic microorganisms Lactobacillus plantarum 8β and Bifidobacterium adolescentis 17-11β after the lyophilic drying. These strains are manufacturing strains and are used for preparing feed additives. A total of 6 different protective environments were tested. The basis of all tested cryoprotector media was skimmed milk in a quantity of 10%, as cryoprotectants also used sucrose, lactose and SiO2, which were added to the skimmed milk in various combinations. Lyophilic drying was carried out according to standard procedure, with preliminary freezing of samples in cryostat up to minus 72oC, the lyophilization process lasted 26 hours, during which the vacuum index varied from 40 Pa to 4 Pa, The temperature was raised to 28оC. The effect of the protective medium on the survival of probiotic microorganisms was determined by planting a series of crops on agar MRS-4, incubation at 37 C in 48 hours, and then counting the colonies. Crops were produced before the drying procedure (the number of colonies was 100%) and immediately after. The highest survival rates of probiotic bacteria were obtained using a protective medium based on 10% skimmed milk and 10% skimmed milk with 2% SiO2 added, accounting for 81.84% and 82.48% respectively. The moisture content of the samples after drying was as follows: Medium based on 10% skimmed milk - 4.40%; 10% of skimmed milk plus 2% SiO2 - 4.93%. This humidity for lyophilic preparations of these bacteria is optimal, and promotes long-term storage of samples with continued viability.
Study of the therapeutic efficacy of the drug "okvet" in otodectosis of cats
Authors: Khramchenkova M. V.
Published: May 2022

Due to the annual growth in the number of domestic and neglected carnivores (dogs and cats), conditions are created for the wide spread of parasitic infestations. The aim of our research was to determine the extensiveness of the invasion of dogs and cats by otodectosis in the districts of St. Petersburg and to study the effectiveness of the OKVET preparation developed by LLC NVC Agrovetzashchita in otodectosis of cats. To achieve the goal, 98 dogs and 109 cats were examined, in which scrapings from the outer and inner surface of the auricle were examined. It was found that the extensiveness of invasion (EI) in all examined cats and dogs was 17.8%. At the same time, EI among cats is 16.4%; dogs - 1.4%. To study the effectiveness of the OKVET preparation, the animals were divided into 3 groups of 8 cats each with a confirmed diagnosis of otodectosis. On the day before the use of the drug, more than 10 live mites were found in scrapings in all phases of development, as well as eggs of Otodectes cynotis in one p.z. microscope (magnification 10 X 10). On the 28th day after the application of the drug, the presence of no more than two live ticks in the adult phase and eggs in one p.z. was noted. microscope. Efficacy of the drug was 91.6% at a dose of 1 pipette of 0.5 ml per animal, with a weight of more than 8 kg - 2 pipettes of 0.5 ml, twice with an interval of 10 days.
Results of veterinary and sanitary examination of turkeys using biostimulants in early ontogenesis
Authors: Lugovaya I. S. , Petrova Yu. V. , Azarnova T. O. , Naydensky M. S. , Antipov A. A. , Kirzhinov R. A. , Anshakov D. V. , Zolotukhina E. A. , Burlakova G. I.
Published: May 2022

Today, poultry farming is one of the most relevant branches of agriculture, as it provides products that meet consumer needs of buyers in terms of price and taste. In the conditions of the modern production process, the innovative developments of scientists are gaining increasing relevance and interest from the technological service of poultry enterprises. The most demanded are developments on the use of environmentally friendly, economically justified and effective solutions to improve the productive and reproductive qualities of poultry. At the same time, the hatchery is one of the key links in the young stock production chain and the further quantity and quality of the planting stock will depend on the efficiency of its work. The previously developed technology for the use of biostimulant solutions contributes to an increase in the number of hatched young poultry, which has been proven in previous studies. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the possibility of using meat obtained with the use of biostimulants in embryogenesis for the subsequent sale of the product on the counter for consumption without restrictions. The studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods, taking into account (TR CU 021/2011) for microbiological indicators "Ensuring the compliance of food products with safety requirements." As a result of determining the organoleptic, microbiological, chemical and histological parameters of meat in the control and experimental groups, it was established that it fully complies with the current regulatory documents and is a complete food product. On the basis of the foregoing, the safety of the resulting products was experimentally substantiated when using biological stimulants in turkey embryogenesis based on the results of the data obtained from the indicators of the veterinary and sanitary examination.
Metal-free one-pot oxidative conversion: Molecular Iodine Mediated Oxidation Organic Reactions
Authors: Biswas Swapan Kumar , Biswas Titas
Published: May 2022

Various oxidative compounds such as aldehyde, ketone ester, and acids can be produced in large yields by an effective iodine-mediated oxidative reaction of organic molecules. Molecular iodine is a generally available and commercially extremely inexpensive substance that induces oxidative esterification. With the comparison with different Brønsted acid catalysis, molecular iodine or iodophilic activations proceed  the reaction onto a deoxygenation pathway. With only a few mol% of I2, the oxidation occurs very quickly at room temperature. This approach could also be used to transport different benzil derivatives from nonactivated alkynes, such as diaryl acetylenes. Molecular iodine with several mild reagents such as aq. NH3, ∼30% aq. H2O2 and DMSO might be used to convert various one degree alcohols, particularly benzylic alcohols, into the corresponding aromatic amides in suffiently high yields in a one-pot method. Similarly, by treating different benzylic chloride, bromide and iodide with a molecular iodine oxidation medium, the corresponding aromatic amides may be prepared in a one-pot method. The reactions in this section include transformation of several compounds into their respective oxidative products with the metal-free one-pot oxidative.
Suisse Stock Return, Macro Factors, and Efficient Market Hypothesis: Evidence From ARDL Model
Authors: Neifar Malika
Published: May 2022

This study investigates the long-run equilibrium relationship between Suisse stock market (SSM) prices and a set of macroeconomic variables (inflation, interest rate, and exchange rate) using Monthly data for the period 1999:1 to 2018:4. Different specifications and tests will be carried out, namely unit root tests (ADF and PP), Vector Auto Regression (VAR) to select the optimal lag length and for Granger causality and Toda and Yamamoto (TY) Wald non causality testing, VEC Model and (Johansen, 1988)’s test for no cointegration, and ARDL framework and FPSS test of no cointegration hypothesis. Once ECM representation of the ARDL model is used, it confirms temporal causality between (inflation, interest rate, exchange rate) and the stock price. Finding say that there is dynamic short-run adjustment and long-run stable equilibrium relationship between considered macroeconomic variables (except exchange rate) and the stock prices in the SSM. This imply that the SSM is informationally inefficient because publicly available information on macroeconomic variables (inflation and interest rate) can be potentially used in predicting Suisse stock prices.
Maharishi ji’s Vedic Science and World Peace
Authors:   Professor & Head, Faculty of Education,  Maharishi University of Management & Technology, Mangala, Bilaspur, C.G., India,, Srivastava Abhishek , Kandra Col. Prof. (Dr.) T.P.S. ,   Vice-chancellor, Maharishi University of Management & Technology, Mangala, Bilaspur, C.G., India,
Published: May 2022

This article reviews central aspects of the theme of peace in Maharishi ji Vedic Science, with an emphasis on the individual level. The literature of Maharishi ji Vedic Science is vast, and the theme of peace runs consistently through it from its beginnings, as has been demonstrated elsewhere in this Issue. There is therefore no intention here of presenting all of its richness, variety, and depth. Fortunately, not only is the teaching of Maharishi ji Vedic Science perfectly consistent across five decades but it seems at every point to contain the main elements of the theme, albeit with different emphases and at different levels of detail. Key Words: consciousness, transcendental, meditation, holistic, Peace,
Biopolymers: Anindispensableentity for mankind
Authors:   Principal, Agarwal Dr. Alok ,   Chinmaya Degree College, Haridwar (UK), Vaid Dr. Sandhya ,   HOD Zoology (PG), Chinmaya Degree College, Haridwar (UK)
Published: May 2022

Polymers have become essential part of life. One can’t think of life without polymers, reason being their innumerable physical and engineering characteristics. Most prominent quality of polymers is their low cost and durability.However, seize to strength ratio of polymers is large as compared to metals. Heat capacity of polymers is also less. Structural strength of polymers is also poor which make them unsuitable for heavy structures. Above all polymer are non biodegradables they may persist in environment for centuries. Due to this disability many countries have imposed restrictions on their use. Low price, long life and readiness to adopt any shape has made polymers invulnerable. Non bio degradability of synthetic polymers shifted the quilt towards the invention of biopolymers. Scientists found the solution in biopolymers. They can be biosynthesized by living organisms or chemically synthesized from biological matter. The biopolymers are natural polymers formed by living organisms. Biopolymers are monomeric units which are bound covalently to form large molecules. Unlike polymers the biopolymers are biodegradable which decompose in bio-products with time after the expiry of intended purpose. Mainly there are three classes of biodegradable polymers namely polysaccharides, polypeptides and poly nucleotides Biopolymers mostly find applications in manufacturing, packaging, biomedical engineering and food industry. Difference between natural and synthetic polymers is discussed. Advantages of biopolymers over polymers are compared. Present study enlists brief overview of biopolymers. Keywords: Polymers, Biopolymers, Biodegradable Abbreviations: PVC, PVDF, Tg, DNA, RNA
Contribution of Vedanga Astrology in Vedarthavavodh (वेदार्थाववोध में वेदांग ज्योतिष का योगदान)
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Vedic Science,  Maharishi, University of Management & Technology, Bilaspur, C.G., india, Kumar Dr. Yogendra
Published: May 2022

In this research paper, the seasons are described, Samvatsara has been conceived as a bird, whose face is spring, south side is summer, tail is rain, autumn is north side and Hemant is middle, in Aitareya Brahman only five seasons are indicated. . The description of the constellations, the description of the seven horses of the Sun, the rise and fall of the phases of the Moon, have been highlighted on this topic, apart from this, the subject related to the Panchang has been studied. KeyWords: Season, Nakshatra, Samvatsara, Sun-Moon
How happiness effects teachers: study of happiness with different variables
Authors:   Research Scholar,, Sharma Reema , Bhambri Dr.Nishi ,   Principal, Iase Bilaspur, C.G., India
Published: May 2022

Happiness is the main aim of life. Happiness is such an important issue and it becomes more important when it comes to the happiness of teachers. When it comes to Chhattisgarh it becomes more important because no studies have been done in this area. We are discussing so much about poor quality of education about dropout rate of students, about learning outcomes and teacher’s role etc. But we hardly discuss the quality of teacher who is supposed to be responsible for this. We have never tried to find out how happy, satisfied or mentally fit they are. We have not tried to find out how happiness affects our teacher’s interpersonal skills and how it affects their work accountability. No research as such has been done in this area in Chhattisgarh state. The happiness survey which was factors of happiness, interpersonal skills and work accountability done by MP government was also a general survey and not focused on teachers. Happiness makes man feel his worth .A happy man may be self centered or outspoken. A happy person when deals with self he deals with internal happiness and is not bothered about his interpersonal relationships, but an outspoken happy person spreads his happiness and has a strong interpersonal relationships and is also accountable for his work. It is also seen that a person who is accountable may be accountable due to his duty and may not necessarily be happy. This paper tries to find out the relationship between the happiness of teachers with various components. Key Words: happiness of teachers
Critical study of the stories of Dalit story writer Buddha Sharan Hans ji (दलित कहानीकार बुध्द शरण हंस जी के कहानियों का समीक्षात्मक अध्ययन)
Authors:   Research scholar, Hindi study school, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, Bairagi Jagdish chandra , Dube Dr. Aruna ,   Assistant-Professor, Hindi, Sh. Kalidas Girls College, Ujjain, MP;, Nayak Dr. Geeta ,   Acharya and former President, Hindi Study School, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP; India
Published: May 2022

साहित्य समाज का दर्पण माना जाता है। साहित्य समाज का दर्पण होने के कारण साहित्य के अंतर्गत समाज के हर वर्ग का वर्णन नजर आना स्वाभाविक है। भारतीय साहित्य में आदिकाल के साहित्य से लेकर हिंदी साहित्य तक दलित वर्ग का चित्रण व्यापक पैमाने में देखने को मिलता है। इस भारतीय समग्र साहित्य में अस्पृश्यता की पीड़ा, दलित नारी की समस्या और उनका शोषण आदि अन्यायओं के प्रति आक्रोश विद्रोह व्यक्त होता दिखायी देता है। प्रस्तुत शोध-पत्र में बुद्ध शरण हंस जी के कहानियों का समीक्षात्मक अध्ययन कर दलित साहित्य विकास यात्रा में उनके महत्वपूर्ण योगदान को सूचीबद्ध किया गया है। शब्द संकेतः अधम्, गरीब, दलित
Relation Between Indian Diaspora and Bollywood Cinema in The Context of Globalization
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of English,   Career Point University, Kota, Rajasthan, India, Khan Afsheen , Dandwate Dr. Mona ,   Professor,Department of English,   Career Point University, Kota, Rajasthan, India;
Published: May 2022

Diaspora are those human groups who have history and experiences of migration and the attendant anxiety of displacement, homelessness and a wish to return to homeland.The term diaspora is derived from the Greek composite verb dia(through) and Speirein( infinitive) literally meaning ‘to scatter’ or ‘ to spread’ or ‘ to disperse’. Before exploring the inter relationship between Cinema and Indian diaspora, it should be known that how effectively it works on the life of diasporic people. Actually Cinema or Bollywood is unique confluence of literature and art. Bollywood as a globally successful phenomenon can be attributed to the alignment of the film industry towards the Indian diaspora and a wider audience outside India. As we know literature always is the cumulative image of the temper of people. Those who bestow with creative imagination talent will be able to depict the social realities in literature .On the other hand cinema is a very effective medium of communication and due to advanced technologies it's accessibility to the audience all over the world from the place of production itself has increased tremendously. Films on diaspora contain facts about everyday life of people in diaspora and hence give knowledge about them.
Importance of human values education and yoga in Indian society (भारतीय समाज में मानवीय मूल्यपरक शिक्षा एवं योग का महत्व)
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Yoga,   Sahu Ram Swaroop Women's College Bareilly, . Dr. Garima
Published: May 2022

एक शिक्षक के जीवन से अनेक दीप प्रज्जवलित होते है। शिक्षक ही है जो ज्ञान के प्रकाश से विचारों को गति प्रदान करता है। इसलिए शिक्षक का पूर्णरूप से स्वस्थ एवं एकाग्रचित्त होना आवश्यक है। जिसके लिए योग मार्ग का अनुसरण करना चाहिए क्योंकि योग में वह क्षमता है जो व्यक्ति का सर्वांगीण विकास कर सकता है उनके विचारों को एक नयी दिशा दे सकता है योग के द्वारा हम विचारों को रोकने की जगह उन्हें एक नवीन मार्ग देकर विचारों की पराकाष्ठा तक पहुंच सकते है। यह विचार ही हैं जिनके द्वारा व्यक्ति व्यक्तिव समाज एवं परिवार व राष्ट्र का निमार्ण किया जा सकता है और मूल्य आधारित शिक्षा के विभिन्न आयामों को सरलता से प्राप्त किया जा सकता है। Key Words: मानवीय मूल्य शिक्षा, मूल्यपरक शिक्षा,सर्वागीण विकास,योग
Pamir languages (پامیري ژبې)
Authors:   Professor, Department of Pashto,  Faculty of Languages and Literatures, Paktia University, Afghanisthan,, Pamir Ehsanullah
Published: May 2022

While Bactrian and Persic languages differ in terms of knowledge based on historical, geographical, and comparative-historical linguistics, Pamir languages occupy a prominent position among Bactrian languages. Pamir languages are known to have originated in the mountainous region of Aryan land. Since then, these languages have prospered in this area and come to maintain their stronghold in Pamir and its immediate vicinity. In terms of linguistic relationship and intercourse, the gathering of all Pamir languages in a single group is one expression. It is still unclear if all the Pamir languages ​​originated from an ancient source and then branched out into different groups or were left untouched by the Aryan languages, with each one maintaining its stability as a separate branch. Margin Stern, a specialist in Pamir languages do not consider one center of origin for Pamir languages: He says, “Finding a single phonologic system for all Pamir languages is impossible since they have similarities only in a few phonetics characters”. Despite these similarities, sometimes they are separated and stacked with other languages such as Pashtu. Here, it is noteworthy to mention that it has been a long time since Mr. Margin Stern gave this idea and as such, this is not a recent theory. During those times, fewer studies on Pamir languages were carried out, and that too with poor materials. For instance, the Yazgolyami language was almost not investigated while phonological borders among Pamir languages were not identified and the specifically voiced items were not even differentiated. The later linguists and researchers collected many items and consequently, voice borders were selected. Such profound and in-depth studies and classification assure the researchers that these languages originated from one tree and later developed into different branches. Keywords: Pashtu, Pamir, Language
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF THE UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATOR FOR EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP
Authors:   University for Development Studies P. O. Box TL 1350 Tamale, A. J Seniwoliba
Published: May 2022

The highlights about the significant contribution of emotional intelligence (EI) and how it has influenced leadership effectiveness in higher education have long been noted. Knowledge of how exactly (EI) relates to effective leadership (EL) could culminate and lead to a substantial advancement in leadership training and development programmes and the capacity to handpick potentially effective leaders. The review identified five domains of EI that comprise of 25 competencies. These competencies include self-awareness, self-regulation; motivation; empathy; and social skills, which were later collapsed into 20 and the five domains into four: self-awareness, self-management, social-awareness and relationship management. The review illustrated that having high EI among staff can affect the work environment and improve service interaction. It revealed that EI had been recognised for the case of teaching staff and students than administrators who have higher EI and are more effective since they are aware that their actions and decisions influence the learning and behaviour of students. However, a limited number of studies have discussed the importance of EI on administrative staff. The study concludes that EI has a substantial effect on leadership effectiveness; therefore, higher levels of EI could help improve leadership performance and effectiveness. It recognises that EI can be improved with training and development. Therefore, training programmes within an institution could positively affect leadership and leadership performance, thereby driving the institution to success.
POSSIBLE REASONS FOR CONSCIOUS CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE: A CASE STUDY OF SOME UNIVERSITY OF GHANA STUDENTS
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Department of English, Catholic University College of Ghana, P.O. Box 363, Fiapre, Sunyani, Ghana, Win-Tamakloe Jessie A.H.
Published: May 2022

English speakers can be identified by their way of pronunciation; be it with a British accent, American accent, Ghanaian accent, etc. It is interesting, however, to note that during communication, people tend to sound like their fellow interlocutors. The way communicants adapt to each other's communicative behaviours has been termed "accommodation" which stems from Giles' Speech Accommodation Theory, in the 1970s. Per the theory, a person may either converge to or diverge from their fellow interlocutor based on the attitude they may have about the speaker, language, or accent. This study explores the possible reasons for conscious convergence and divergence among some University of Ghana students. Using a questionnaire, the researcher found out from participants whether or not they will converge to a British speaker of English. The responses were grouped under themes and analysed. The responses showed that possible reasons for convergence and divergence include fluency, societal prestige, identity, preference, effective communication, etc. Thus, an indication of the possibility of conscious convergence and conscious divergence.
A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Catholic University College of Ghana, Fiapre Sunyani, Bono Region, Ghana, Sackey Elizabeth
Published: May 2022

Human resources are in high demand in today's fast-paced economies. The Resource-Based View (RBV) theory emphasises the importance of effective resource management for organizations to gain a competitive advantage. Talent is regarded as the main driving force behind any organisation, and finding the right persons and placing them in the right positions becomes a necessity. Talent Management (TM) has become a buzzword for how businesses can attract, identify, develop, and retain people with the right attitude and abilities to meet current and future organisational needs. Even though TM is considered important for organisations, there is a lack of understanding and how it can be most effectively implemented. There is no agreement on the definition and theoretical foundations of TM. Even though several authors have conducted research in this area, there are theoretical because they do not provide organizations with a vision and direction in the area of talent management. As a result, evaluation of TM is required to help fill these theoretical gaps. The purpose of this review was to discuss existing perspectives and approaches in order to gain a better understanding of TM applicability, adoption, and limits to its implementation. An evaluation framework is proposed to provide researchers with a mechanism to evaluate the domain of talent management.
Estudio coproparasitario en poblaciones de vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) en tres regiones de Bolivia
Authors: Martela M. Wilson , Castañón R. Víctor , Nallar G. Rodolfo , Espinoza P. Max
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de identificar parásitos gastrointestinales de las vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) en tres regiones de Bolivia. Entre los meses de octubre de 2013 a marzo de 2014, se realizó el muestreo de heces de 98 vicuñas de vida libre o silvestre. Los animales muestreados fueron clasificados según sexo, edad y el sitio de captura: Pularío del municipio de Yunchara en las provincias José María Avilés, Tarija; Sarcarí y Sausalito pertenecientes al municipio de Villazón de la provincia Modesto Omiste, Potosí; y la localidad de Altamachi de la provincia Ayopaya, Cochabamba. Las muestras se analizaron mediante las técnicas cualitativas de sedimentación y flotación con soluciones de Willis y Sheather. La carga parasitaria se determinó mediante la técnica de Mc Master modificada. La comunidad parasitaria gastrointestinal de esta población de vicuñas estuvo compuesta por 12 especies. Los parásitos pertenecieron a cinco especies de protozoos del género Eimeria (E. punoensis, E. alpacae, E. peruviana, E. lamae y E. macusanensis), cinco especies de nematodos, (Trichuris spp., Lamanema chavezi, Marshallagia spp, Strongylida spp, Capillaria spp) un trematodo (Fasciola hepática) y un huevo de cestodo (Moniezia benedeni). Observándose el primer reporte de Fasciola hepática en vicuñas en el Departamento de Cochabamba - Bolivia. En cuanto a la prevalencia general, en 72 vicuñas (73.5%) se observó algún tipo de parásito, de estos 72 animales, 65 (90.28%) tenían infecciones mixtas de 2 hasta 7 formas parasitarias identificadas. La E. punoensis, E. alpacae, O. Strongylida y Trichuris spp fueron las especies más frecuente con: 63,95; 47,73; 31,85 y 31,40 % respectivamente. No se observaron diferencias significativas asociadas a la edad y sexo para Coccidias, Nematodos y Cestodos. La carga parasitaria de Eimeria fue leve en ooquistes por gramo de heces (OPG) y se observó en nematodos (O. Strongylida) 79 huevos por gramo de heces (HPG) en Altamachi Cochabamaba siendo la misma moderada.
ТРЕХФАЗНЫЙ ПАРАЛЛЕЛЬНО-ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНЫЙ АВТОНОМНЫЙ ИНВЕРТОР ТОКА
НА ОСНОВЕ ТИРИСТОРОВ
Authors: Айрапетян А.С. , Мартиросян Д.С. , Саакян В.А
Published: May 2022

Существует большое число схемотехнических решений однофазных и
трехфазных автономных инверторов тока на основе тиристоров. При использовании
тиристоров схему инвертора тока дополняют группами конденсаторов,
предназначенными для их устойчивой коммутации. Эти группы конденсаторов
включаются в цепь переменного тока разными способами: в параллельном инверторе
тока - параллельно нагрузке; в последовательном инверторе тока - последовательно с
нагрузкой; в последовательно-параллельном инверторе тока - одна группа
конденсаторов включается последовательно в фазные цепи тиристорного
коммутатора, а вторая - параллельно нагрузке. В отличие от первых двух типов
инверторов, в последовательно-параллельном инверторе тока обеспечивается
абсолютная устойчивость во всем диапазоне изменения нагрузки.
Рассмотрена схема трехфазного параллельно-последовательного инвертора тока,
в которой одна группа конденсаторов включается параллельно на выходе
тиристорного коммутатора, а вторая группа – последовательно с нагрузкой. Отмечено,
что конденсаторы, предназначенные в основном для компенсации индуктивной
составляющей нагрузки и надежной коммутации тиристоров, одновременно
осуществляют фильтрацию высших гармоник в цепи переменного тока и
обеспечивают форму кривой выходного напряжения инвертора тока, близкую к
синусоиде.
В данной работе использован метод основной гармоники, учитывающий только
первую гармонику напряжений и токов в цепи переменного тока инвертора тока. При
этом получены достаточно простые соотношения в общем виде и проанализирована
работа схемы, построены ее рабочие характеристики. Показано, что в параллельнопоследовательном инверторе тока, как и в последовательно-параллельном,
обеспечивается абсолютная устойчивость во всем диапазоне изменения нагрузки. В
обоих типах инверторов имеет место сравнительно малая зависимость выходного
напряжения от параметров нагрузки в ограниченном, но широком диапазоне
изменения нагрузки (без режимов холостого хода и короткого замыкания), при
отсутствии регулятора реактивной мощности (регулятора выходного напряжения), что
позволяет исключить последний со своей системой управления и значительно
упростить схему инвертора. При этом в некоторых диапазонах изменения нагрузки в
параллельно-последовательном инверторе тока значения отклонения выходного
напряжения меньше, чем в последовательно-параллельном инверторе тока.