bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Surface Condition on the Bonding Strength of Thermal Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Ulianitsky V.Yu. , Nikolaev J.A. , Gavrilenko T.P. , Kim M.C. , Hong J.W.
Published: May 2021

The role of surface roughness in coating adhesion mechanism is studying for detonation spraying. Roughness was produced by conventional grit blasting, D-gun blasting and was formed as a result of spraying of high-adhesive thin layer of detonation coating. Cermet and alloy powders were sprayed by detonation gun Ob. The coating bonding strength measurements show the WC+25Co adhesion to be above 200 MPa independently of a substrate surface preparation. Contrary, NiCrSiB coatings are very sensitive to surface conditions their adhesion varies from 180 MPa to zero. As-sprayed alloy particles fail in adherence because of insufficient energy to fuse substrate material at a flat surface. Only developed (wide scale) roughness may be fused partially by these particles for their bonding to the substrate. Otherwise, high heated cermet particles do not need special surface preparation (except cleaning) for fusion of substrate material to provide high bonding with it. The wide scale and ball shape roughness, which is similar to the self-reproduced coating roughness, provides the best conditions for the coating bonding and it is recommended as the purpose of surface treatment before thermal spray coating.
An Analytical Model for the Generation of Residual Stresses in Sprayed Coatings Deposited Progressively onto Planar Substrates
Authors: Tsui Y.C. , Clyne T.W.
Published: May 2021

An analytical model has been developed to predict the residual stress distributions in thermal spray coatings on substrates of finite thickness. This is based on the concept of a misfit strain, caused by either the quenching of splats or by differential thermal contraction during cooling. During spraying, the coatings are asssumed to deposit on the substrate in a progressive (layer-by-layer) manner. Although the misfit strain ("the quenching strain") is the same for each successive incremental layer of deposit, this is imposed each time on a "substrate" of changing thickness. The final stress distribution will in general differ from that which would result if the coating were imposed on the substrate (with the same misfit strain) in a single operation. The model is straightforward to apply: for example, it can be implemented using a standard spreadsheet program. The required input data are the quenching strain (or stress), the spraying temperature, material properties and specimen dimensions. Comparisons have been made between the predictions from this model and from a numerical model for two plasma sprayed systems. Good agreement is observed. The effects of varying certain parameters, such as coating thickness, substrate thickness, coating stiffness, etc, are readily explored, so that the model provides a useful tool for controlling residual stress levels. Application of the model to determine the quenching stress, in conjunction with the use of a curvature monitoring technique, is briefly outlined. In addition, an analysis is made of the errors introduced by using Stoney's equation to deduce stress levels from curvature measurements.
The Need for Standardization in Evaluating the Effect of Coatings on Substrate Mechanical Properties
Authors: Sauer J.P.
Published: May 2021

As the application of thermal spray coatings is expanded to performance-critical applications, the need to ascertain how the coating affects mechanical properties of the substrate is very important. This is especially true for properties such as fatigue. A standard method for approaching this type of evaluation is necessary. Items such as test bar configuration, application of the coating, baseline comparison methods, and many other factors must be defined to formulate a consistent and repeatable system for evaluation.
ANÁLISE DOS FOCOS DE CALOR EM DIFERENTES FAIXAS DE ÁREAS DE INFLUÊNCIA DA RODOVIA BR-242, NOVA UBIRATÃ-MT
Authors: Hoki Vanusa de Souza Pacheco , Sanches Luciana , Carmo Junior Gersina Nobre Rocha , Pinto Junior Osvaldo Borges
Published: May 2021

A concentração dos focos de calor em diferentes faixas limítrofes de influência da rodovia BR-242 foi analisada no município de Nova Ubiratã-MT. Os focos de calor obtidos pelo banco de dados de Queimadas do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), detectados pelo sensor MODIS do satélite AQUA foram identificados e quantificados. O estimador de densidade de Kernel e a análise de Buffer (distância em duas classes de 0 – 5 km e 0 – 20 km ao longo da BR-242) foram utilizados para estimar a distribuição dos focos de calor no município. Os resultados indicaram um aumento nos focos de calor a partir da área de influência de 20 km, constatando que 10% dos focos ocorreram na faixa de 0 – 5 km e 29% na faixa de 0 – 20 km, totalizando 5.568 focos detectados nos anos 2008 a 2017. Esta nova informação visa fomentar políticas públicas sobre os procedimentos aplicados pelo IBAMA na regularização ambiental das rodovias federais, especialmente para diagnosticar o passivo ambiental rodoviário.
Palavras-chave: Sistema de Informação Geográfica; incêndios florestais; infraestrutura; monitoramento por satélite.
 
Analysis of heat sources in different areas of influence of the BR-242 highway in the Nova Ubiratã-MT, Brazil
 
ABSTRACT: The concentration of heat sources in different boundary bands of influence of the BR-242 highway was analyzed in the municipality of Nova Ubiratã-MT. The heat sources obtained by the database of burnings from Brazilian National Institute for Space Research (INPE), detected by the MODIS sensor of the AQUA satellite were identified and quantified. The Kernel density estimator and the Buffer analysis (distance in two classes of 0 - 5 km and 0 - 20 km along the BR-242 corridor) were used to estimate the distribution of heat sources in the municipality. The results indicated an increase in the heat sources from the area of ​​influence of 20 km, noting that 10% of the heat sources occurred in the range of 0 - 5 km and 29% in the range of 0 - 20 km, totaling 5,568 detected heat sources in the years from 2008 to 2017. This new information promises to promote public policies on the procedures applied by IBAMA in the environmental regularization of federal highways, especially to diagnose environmental road liabilities.
Keywords: Geographic Information Systems; wildfire; infrastructure; satellite monitoring.
SIR Iber 2021. Ranking Iberoamericano de Instituciones de Educación Superior 2021
Authors: De-Moya-Anegón Félix , Herrán-Páez Estefanía , Bustos-González Atilio , Corera-Álvarez Elena , Tibaná-Herrera Gerardo , Rivadeneyra Federico
Published: May 2021

La presente edición del Ranking Iberoamericano de Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES), SIR Iber 2021 es la décimo tercera entrega del informe anual sobre el comportamiento de las instituciones del sector de investigación, publicado por SCImago Research Group (SRG) y la revista científica Profesional de la Información (EPI).
SIR Iber 2021 incluye 1.732 instituciones iberoamericanas que han publicado como mínimo un trabajo en revistas indexadas en Scopus© en el período 2015-2019. Una vez más se constata la preocupación de las IES por aumentar sus capacidades para generar resultados de investigación de calidad, pues el número de instituciones presentes simultáneamente en SIR World y en SIR Iber continúa aumentando: 433 en esta edición, frente a 404 en la anterior de 20201.
La clasificación se establece según el número de trabajos indexados en la base de datos Scopus© en el período 2015-2019 y analiza su desempeño con base en tres factores fundamentales: investigación, innovación e impacto social.
Una vez más, Brasil, España, Portugal, México, Chile, Argentina y Colombia, consolidan su posición como los países con mayor capacidad de producción superando ampliamente los 60.000 trabajos en el quinquenio. Entre los países con capacidad media, Paraguay consigue superar los 1.000 trabajos publicados, Puerto Rico y Jamaica presentan un crecimiento negativo del 1% y Venezuela continúa perdiendo capacidad de publicación con 441 trabajos menos que en el período 2014-2018. A nivel institucional, la Universidade de São Paulo se mantiene como la primera en Iberoamérica, seguida de la Universidade de Lisboa, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, la Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho y la Universitat de Barcelona.
Compensatory Pelvic Retro-Rotation Associated with a Decreased Quality of Life in Patients with Normal Sagittal Balance
Authors: Shimokawa Tetsuya , Miyamoto Kei , Hioki Akira , Masuda Takahiro , Fushimi Kazunari , Ogawa Hiroyasu , Ohnishi Kazuichiro , Akiyama Haruhiko
Published: May 2021

Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study.Purpose: To examine whether pelvic rotation as a compensatory mechanism for sagittal imbalance is related to quality of life (QOL).Overview of Literature: Poor sagittal alignment is associated with compensatory pelvic retroversion and decreased QOL. Whether the compensatory pelvic tilt (PT) influences QOL is unclear.Methods: Overall, 134 subjects aged ≥20 years with lower back pain were included (104 females; mean age, 70±9.8 years). Sagittal vertical alignment (SVA) and PT were analyzed radiographically. Patients were stratified into three groups based on SVA values: good alignment (group G), intermediate alignment (group I), and poor sagittal alignment (group P). Patients in group I were further categorized into two groups: low PT and high PT. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) was used for clinical assessment, and the scores were compared between groups.Results: As SVA increased, PT and lumbar lordosis (LL) increased and decreased, respectively. PT and LL differed significantly between groups G and P (p<0.01 for each comparison). Within group I, there was no significant difference in SVA between the high PT and low PT groups, suggesting that the high PT group had acquired a compensated sagittal balance. Importantly, all domains in the JOABPEQ (except for lower back pain) were significantly lower in the high PT group than in the low PT group (p<0.05 for every comparison).Conclusions: This study showed that focusing solely on SVA as a single indicator can cause important losses in QOL to be overlooked in patients with lumbar disorders. Although pelvic retroversion can compensate for sagittal balance, it is associated with a significant decrease in QOL. To improve the assessment of patients with lumbar disorders, PT should be considered besides SVA.
The Return of Liberal Judaism to Germany
Authors: Mühlstein Jan , Muehlstein Lea , Magonet Jonathan
Published: May 2021

The German Jewish community established after World War Two was shaped by refugees from Eastern Europe, so the congregations they established were Orthodox. However, in 1995 independent Liberal Jewish initiatives started in half a dozen German cities. The story of Beth Shalom in Munich illustrates the stages of such a development beginning with the need for a Sunday school for Jewish families and experiments with monthly Shabbat services. The establishment of a congregation was helped by the support of the European Region of the World Union for Progressive Judaism and ongoing input from visiting rabbis. The twenty years since the founding of the congregation have also seen the creation of the Union of Progressive Jews in Germany, the successful political struggle for a share of the state funding for Jewish communities and the establishment of the first Jewish theological faculty in Germany.
Post-War Progressive Judaism in Europe
Authors: Magonet Jonathan
Published: May 2021

Already in 1946 Rabbi Dr Leo Baeck advocated that alongside the rebuilding of congregations in post-war Europe, what he termed ‘little Judaism’, there was a need for a ‘greater Judaism’ – Jewish engagement with the wider issues of society: ‘We are Jews also for the sake of humanity’. In 1949 he also expressed the need for a dialogue with Islam. A variety of events and activities represent early attempts to meet these dual concerns. In 1997 at the first post-war, full-scale conference of the European Board of the World Union for Progressive Judaism in Germany, in Munich, Diana Pinto noted that despite long-standing fears that the European diaspora was doomed to disappear, changes in a European self-understanding had helped create an ‘ever more vibrant Jewish space’. Almost twenty years on from then, particularly with the rise of anti-Semitism and terrorist attacks, the mood amongst European Jews has become less optimistic.
Fifty Years since the Czech Scrolls Came to the Westminster Synagogue
Authors: Wittenberg Jonathan
Published: May 2021

This article is based on the talk given at the commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the arrival of the Czech Scrolls at the Westminster Synagogue in London.
Still Talking with Sheila
Authors: Rosen-Berry Judith
Published: May 2021

Rabbi Sheila Shulman z’l was my teacher/mentor and friend. For years I spent many Friday afternoons in conversation with her. This article attempts to capture something of that time, and also something of the cadence and character of a conversation that I continue to have with her.
Gifts from the LGBTQ Community
Authors: Burden Janet
Published: May 2021

The article is a personal reflection, originally given as a sermon, on lessons learned from the experience of being a straight member of Beit Klal Yisrael. Beit Klal Yisrael is a largely, though not exclusively, LGBTQ Jewish community in West London, founded by Rabbi Sheila Shulman. The author found there no need to be part of a couple or a family, and no need to explain or apologize for her non-Jewish background. Community members understood that ties of affection, of choice and of shared lived experience were as significant as those of blood or socially recognized relationships.
L’Aimé qui est l’aimée
Authors: Podolsky Robin
Published: May 2021

Emmanuel Levinas’ teachings with regard to the other, the erotic and fecundity can speak powerfully to questions of Queer politics, morality and justice. Levinas’ insistence on the inalienability of human rights which supersede the bourgeois social contract, the interpersonal as the locus of goodness and his interest in the moral possibilities of the affectional and erotic offer stirring possibilities. So does his insistence that each person is a unique event in being, irreducible to genus (or gender). But what about Levinas’ formulations which appear to reinscribe heteronormative and patriarchal ideas about gender and family? Levinas scholars disagree about how to read these texts. This article provides a close reading of one of Levinas’ more provocative texts to derive a queer reading that honours the teacher.
Memories, Readings and Diversities
Authors: Seidler Victor Jeleniewski
Published: May 2021

Drawing on her poetry as well as her theology, this article explores Sheila Shulman’s multiple engagements with feminisms that have transformed patriarchal traditions within Judaism and opened new spaces to engage the integrity of differences. Thinking across boundaries and developing practices of ‘reading whole’, she showed ways of engaging traditional texts that call upon us to be honest and present to ourselves as we shape new forms of community. As a teacher she inspired many to read attentively and with love and to frame questions that mattered to the world.
Interview with Lionel Blue, 1965
Authors: Magonet Jonathan , Blue Lionel
Published: May 2021

This interview was conducted in 1965 by Jonathan Magonet at the time when Lionel Blue was newly appointed European Director of the Youth Section and of the World Union for Progressive Judaism itself. It addresses his concern about rebuilding European Diaspora Jewish communities after the war, through helping them find meaning and purpose in their existence beyond survival as an end in itself. Progressive Judaism is well placed to take on such a task because of its openness to the outside world. Progressive Judaism is not a breakaway from Rabbinic Judaism but sifts it and transposes it into a new key. He outlines a variety of programmes he envisages to undertake this work.
Shylock, the Devil and the Meaning of Deception in The Merchant of Venice
Authors: Elukin Jonathan
Published: May 2021

The article explores Shakespeare’s secularized retelling of the Christian theological narrative of deceiving the Devil, with Antonio playing the role of Christ and Shylock as the Devil. The article argues that recasting the contest between Christ and the Devil in the world of Venice sets the stage for Shakespeare’s larger exploration of the pervasive nature of deceit in human affairs. Although it seems that Shakespeare’s characters are resigned to live in a fallen world where truth is obscured, Portia’s invocation of mercy may be Shakespeare’s attempt to offer some hope of an earthly salvation. The article argues that this portrait of a world filled with deception resonated with Shakespeare’s audience. Men and women in early modern England lived in a world where they often had to hide their religious identities and loyalties. This interpretation challenges more recent attempts to see the play as primarily concerned with race and tolerance.
The Task of the Hebrew Translation
Authors: Tzelgov Eran
Published: May 2021

The first translation of Shakespeare’s Othello into Hebrew, Ithiel ha-Kushimi-Vinezya, was published in 1874. The translation, by the Jewish convert to Christianity Isaac Edward Salkinson, was made following an explicit request by one of the most prominent figures of the late Hebrew Haskalah (Jewish Enlightenment), Peretz Smolenskin. I will examine how the two negotiated one of the most controversial cruxes in Shakespeare’s oeuvre. The crux, found in Othello’s final speech (5.2), reads in the First Quarto (1622) as ‘the base Indian’ who ‘threw a pearl away, / Richer than all his Tribe’, while in the First Folio (1623) it reads as ‘the base ludean’. I will meditate on the Indian-Iudean crux, and offer a critical reading of Salkinson’s ‘solution’ and his ‘mistranslation’ of ‘pearl’ to ‘sapphire’ on the same line, in light of Smolenskin’s critique of Hebrew literature. In so doing, I will offer an understanding of the role of the Hebrew translator in their era and of translation in general.
Shylock and the Nazis
Authors: Bassey Alessandra
Published: May 2021

This article gives due and extended attention to the performance in 1943 of The Merchant of Venice in Vienna, examining the ways in which Shylock was portrayed and potentially misused for propagandistic purposes by the regime. The approach will be both primarily analytical and comparative. Archival material sourced from the theatre museum in Vienna (Theatermuseum) and the Burgtheater will form the base of this research. The question ‘How was Shylock performed under the Nazis?’ will be accompanied by ‘To what extent was the play modified?’ and ‘How does the infamous Vienna production differ from previous, celebrated productions?’ Considering that Merchant is a play which, up until today, often upsets audiences, analysing a Nazi performance might seem too crude an endeavour. This article, however, aims to demonstrate that no matter how painful or uncomfortable a topic may be, ‘Erinnern macht frei’ – remembrance can set you free (Marko Watt).
Rationality and Consensus in Kwasi Wiredu’s Traditional African Polities
Authors: Matolino Bernard
Published: May 2021

Abstract

The disagreement over what was responsible for arriving at consensual positions, in traditional African polities, is best captured in the classic debate between Kwasi Wiredu and Emmanuel Eze. The former holds that rational persuasion was the sole informant of decision-making while the latter argues that non-rational factors played a crucial role in securing a consensual decision. If Wiredu is correct then consensus could work in modern society as it can be argued that it does not rely on traditionalistic scaffoldings. If, on the other hand, Eze is correct, then consensus cannot work in modern largely urbanised Africa as its traditional underpinnings have largely disappeared. While Emmanuel Ani’s intervention in this debate is welcome for its earnest search for a system that could work, his support for Eze is not bold enough to undermine Wiredu’s rationalistic orientation in consensus.
Pan-African Linguistic and Cultural Unity
Authors: Sesanti Simphiwe
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Contrary to the view that Africa is populated by many ethnic groups whose cultures and languages have no relation to one another, scientific research, as opposed to impressionistic arguments, points to the fact that African languages are connected, and by extension, demonstrate African cultural connectivity and unity. By making reference to both African and European scholars, this article demonstrates pan-African linguistic and cultural unity, and echoes pan-Africanist scholars’ call for African linguistic and cultural unity as a basis for pan-Africanism and the African Renaissance.
Critiquing Sub-Saharan Pan-Africanism through an Appraisal of Postcolonial African Modernity
Authors: Ugwuanyi Lawrence Ogbo
Published: May 2021

Abstract

What vision directs pan-Africanism and which developmental model does it support and promote? To answer this question, the article evaluates pan-Africanism within the demands of African modernity and locates the extent to which pan-Africanism meets the aspiration of African modernity. It argues that pan-Africanism has what amounts to a north-bound gaze and supports development imperialism, and shows that for this reason it is not properly grounded on African realities, the consequence of which is the weakness of African modernity. The article suggests a re-articulation of pan-Africanism through the ideology of pro-Africanism, which holds that autonomy and self-will are two cardinal principles that are fundamental to African self-definition but which pan-Africanism is not in a position to provide because it amounts to a subordination of African difference. It concludes that a redirection of the African vision in this direction is a worthier ideological alternative to pan-Africanism.
STABILITY PROBLEMS OF LARGE SIZED MULTI ELEMENTS ROD STRUCTURES
Authors:   National Technical University “Dnipro Polytechnic” , Ukraine, Ivanova Hanna , Hapieiev Serhii ,   National Technical University “Dnipro Polytechnic” , Ukraine, Shapoval Volodymyr ,   National Technical University “Dnipro Polytechnic” , Ukraine, Zhabchyk Kateryna ,   National Technical University “Dnipro Polytechnic” , Ukraine, Zhylinska Svitlana ,   National Technical University “Dnipro Polytechnic” , Ukraine
Published: May 2021

Recently, process of complicating buildings and structures, which is so-called "architectural trend", as well as market competition leads to the construction of insufficiently approved structure forms. The situation is aggravated by the "lagging behind" regulatory framework, unsatisfactory skills of the construction process participants, contravention of the constructed objects operation rules and other negative factors, on the one hand. On the other hand, a number of documents are of a recommendatory nature. Thus, current above-described situation determined the relevance of this publication. There were made the following in order to correctly predict the trouble-free operation of multi-element metal structures: - concepts, principles, qualitative and quantitative indicators of operational efficiency (survivability) and its categories related to nodes, structural elements and technical systems in general were formulated; - a large-scale effect both in the designing and in the operation of large-sized and multi-element metal structures was considered; - emergency metal structures destruction data were nalyzed; - reasons for characteristic defects and rod metal structures damage are considered, including the modeling of damage formation processes, the identification of random physical regularities of the sizes scattering and defects location.
MOBILE AUTONOMOUS DUST-REMOVAL INSTALLATION
Authors:   Kryvyi Rih National University, Ukraine, Shapovalov Victor
Published: May 2021

The aim of this work is to solve the actual problem of dust removal in industrial shops of processing enterprises. Technological processes for the bulk materials processing are accompanied by intense dust emission, as a result of which the air dustiness at workplaces considerably exceeds the maximum permissible values. Known methods of dust uppression do not fully localize numerous sources of dustemission. The released dust spreads over the entire volume of the production area and is deposited on various surfaces and forms the layers of different thickness. Under the influence of various factors, the settled dust can again become aerosol, which in turn, increases the air dustiness in the workplace, which may contribute to the emergence of occupational diseases among workers in processing plants. To prevent secondary dust emission and cleaning of various surfaces from the settled dust, the mobile autonomous dust-removal installation, which can autonomously move to the necessary cleaning object within the limits of the given enterprise, has been developed.
MODELING THE PROCESS OF DISINTEGRATION OF SOLID MATERIALS BY ASYMMETRIC LOADING IN CRUSHING MACHINES IN ORDER TO FIND WAYS TO REDUCE ENERGY COSTS
Authors:   Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics. M.S. Polyakov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine, Vasiliev Leonid , Vasiliev Dmitry ,   Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics. M.S. Polyakov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine, Malich Mykola ,   National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

Subject of study. the processes of cracking and destruction of rocks under the action of the working bodies of machines for disintegration. Methodology. A complex method of generalizing the laws of the theory of elasticity and plasticity was used; theoretical and experimental confirmation of the regularities of the distribution of contact normal and tangential stresses, equations of the limiting state of materials based on the Coulomb strength criterion; slip line theory; comparison of theoretical results with experimental diagrams "normal stresslongitudinal deformation" of samples; facts and phenomena of destruction of rocks; generalization of the theoretical regularities arising from the power contact of the tool with the rock in crushers. Purpose. Reducing energy consumption and increasing the efficiency of rock disintegration by controlling its stress-strain state in crushers on the basis of mathematical modeling and using the established regularities of stresses and deformations in rocks when interacting with a working tool. Output. In the contact area, with an increase in the tangential load, the zone of uniform compression of the material decreases, the depth of the most stressed point approaches the contact surface. There is a significant zone of shear deformations, which are the decisive factor in crack initiation. The development of the crack in depth and complete destruction occurs along the shear lines. Such conditions of rock loading are observed in jaw crushers with complex jaw movement, in cone crushers, in roller crushers with different roll rotation speeds and correspond to the model of the most effective sliding compression. The creation of asymmetric loading conditions using the forces of contact friction, frictional and strength characteristics of the destroyed material can reduce the energy consumption of disintegration.
Rational Use of Oxygen in COVID-19 Pandemic – Are We Doing Enough?
Authors: Shrestha Gentle Sunder , Lamsal Ritesh
Published: May 2021

During the episodes of large case surge of COVID-19, the health care system of many nations have struggled, more so in nations with resource limitations. Recently, Nepal and the neighboring nation India are being hit hard by the pandemic. Management of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 remains largely supportive, with oxygen therapy being the cornerstone of the management. Procurement, maintenance of oxygen supply system, coupled with avoiding misuse and wastage of oxygen is of paramount importance to better utilize the scarce resources amidst the peaks of a pandemic. Nepal needs to adopt policies to make best use of its oxygen stores and supplies with a collective effort from all stakeholders to save additional lives.
PENYEBARAN KONTEN YANG MENGANDUNG HOAX MENGENAI COVID-19 MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK BERDASARKAN UU ITE DAN HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Davina Azenia Tamara , Suseno Sigid , Haffas Mustofa
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the qualifications of contents containing hoax on Covid-19 through Facebook and Facebook’s liability as an electronic system provider based on the ITE law and criminal law. The approach method used in this study is a qualitative normative juridical approach with descriptive analytical research specifications, mainly describing the laws and regulations associated with legal theories. The results of this study indicated that the qualification of the spread of content containing hoax on Covid-19 through Facebook is regulated in Article 28 paragraph 2 of the EIT Law and Article 14 and Article 15 of the Law No. 1 of 1946 on Criminal Regulations. However, regarding the application of the articles in Law Number 1 of 1946 concerning Criminal Regulations, the majority of law enforcers are forcing it, because the elements in the article are no longer adequate when applied to cyber media. Furthermore, Facebook as an electronic system provider is not responsible for the faults of its users.Keywords: qualification of crime; hoax; covid-19;  facebook. ABSTRAKPeneliti­an ini bertujuan untuk menemukan kualifikasi perbuatan penyebaran hoax mengenai Covid-19 melalui media sosial Facebook berdasarkan UU ITE dan hukum pidana serta pertanggungjawaban hukum Facebook selaku penyeleng­gara sistem elektronik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan spesifi­kasi penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitis yaitu menggambarkan secara analitis peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dan teori-teori hukum dikaitkan dengan permasalahan penelitian. Analisis bahan hukum menggunakan metode analisis yuridis kuali­tatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hoax mengenai Covid-19 melalui media sosi­al Facebook dalam praktiknya diatur dalam Pasal 28 ayat (2), Pasal 14, dan Pasal 15 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1946 tentang Peraturan Pidana. Namun, terkait penerapan pasal-pasal dalam Undang-Un­dang Nomor 1 Tahun 1946 tentang Peraturan Pidana mayoritas oleh pene­gak hu­kum dipaksakan, ka­rena unsur-unsur dalam pasalnya yang sudah ti­dak mema­dai apabila diterap­kan pa­da media siber. Kemudian, Facebook selaku penyelenggara sistem elektro­nik ti­dak dapat dimintai per­tanggungjawaban hukum atas kesalahan peng­gu­na­nya.
Clinical Efficacy of the Use of Honey as Wound Treatment in Surgical Site Infection due to Hysterectomy Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hartati  , Mufida Muzakkie  , Yusuf Effendi  , Ferry Yusrizal  , Ramzi Amin  , Cindy Kesty  , Vicela Patricia Virgyna
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Honey is believed to be used in the topical treatment of wounds and burns due to its anti-bacterial and wound healing promotion activities. The sugar content in honey is high enough to inhibit microbial growth. This case report reports the clinical efficacy of using honey as a postoperative hysterectomy wound dressing with type 2 diabetes mellitus complications.

Case Presentation: A woman, 40 years old, lived in Palembang, housewife, came with complaints of open surgical scars and smelling pus. The patient is a postoperative patient with cesarean section with indications of a prolonged latent phase and macrosomia. The patient also had a history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus since 8 years ago. Intraoperatively, a wound dehiscence is obtained in the lower uterine segment and adhesions between the anterior uterine body and the omentum and transverse colon. The patient finally underwent a supracervical hysterectomy and the surgical secretions were examined for bacterial culture and antibiotic resistance. During wound care, the patient's surgical wound was treated using honey dressings. Patient experienced improvement after treatment for 12 days post-operation.

Conclusion: Honey has antibacterial and tissue regeneration ability which is high enough to heal surgical wounds. Further studies are needed for the application of honey to postoperative wounds more widely
Effect of Classical Music on Physiological Characteristics and Observational and Behavioral Measures of Pain in Unconscious Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units
Authors:   Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran., Rahgoi Abolfazl , Mohammadzadeh Zarankesh Shahla ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran., Kasaeizadeghan Sedeigheh Sadat ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran., Naghibeiranvand Mehran ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Islamic Azad University, Khorram Abad Branch, Khorram Abad, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Assessment and management of pain in patients under artificial respiration and hospitalized in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are difficult, and is less considered by physicians and nurses. This study aims to determine the effect of classical music on physiological characteristics, and observational and behavioral measures of pain in unconscious patients admitted to ICUs. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted in 2019 on 30 unconscious patients admitted to ICU of Shohadaye Haft-e-Tir Hospital in Tehran, Iran, who were selected using a convenience sampling method, and divided into two groups of intervention and control. After obtaining a written informed consent from patients to participate, they completed a demographic/physiological form, Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (COPT) and Behavioral Pain Scale (BPC). Collected data were analyzed in SPSS V. 22 software by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The Mean±SD age of patients in the intervention and control groups was 40.33±14.01 and 46±15.70 years, respectively. Comparison of physiological characteristics before and after the intervention showed no statistically significant difference in any groups except in Glasgow Coma Scale score (P<0.05). The mean pretest and posttest COPT scores in the intervention group were 3.73±0.94 and 1.96±1.32, respectively, and their mean pretest and posttest BPC scores were 5.94±1.39 and 4.22±1.08, respectively. Comparing the mean COPT and BPC scores before and after music therapy showed a statistically significant difference in the intervention group (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that classical music can reduce observational and behavioral measures of pain in unconscious patients hospitalized in ICUs. More studies are recommended for examining the effect of classical music on physiological characteristics of these patients.
A Comparative Study on the Effects of Acupressure at SP6 and ST36 Acupoints on the Pain Caused by Fistula Needle Placement in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors:   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran., Baloochi Beydokhti Tahereh
Published: May 2021

Objective: Hemodialysis is one of the most common treatment methods in kidney patients. To do this, repeated insertion of the needle into the vessel is necessary. Patients treated with hemodialysis are exposed to stress and pain caused by perforation of their arteriovenous fistula about 300 times a year. More than 1/5 of hemodialysis patients express this pain as unbearable. This study aims to evaluate the effect of acupressure at SP6 and ST36 acupoints on the pain caused by fistula needle placement in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This study is a double-blind randomized clinical trial conducted in 2016 on 90 hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula in Mashhad, Iran. They were randomly divided into three groups of SP6, ST36, and control. Data were collected after obtaining a written informed consent by a demographic form and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data analysis was performed in SPSS v.16 software by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Kruskal-Wallis test, one-way ANOVA, paired t-test, and Chi-square test. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between VAS scores after the intervention in all three group (P<0.001). The Mean±SD VAS scores before the intervention in SP6, ST36, control groups were 54.47±18.93, 51.5±22.83, 46.6±17.73, respectively which changed to 45.63±20.53, 40.2±20.01, and 51.87±19.05 after the intervention, indicating that acupressure at SP6 and ST36 acupoints reduced pain in patients, while the pain increased in the control group. Conclusion: Acupressure at SP6 and ST36 acupoints is an effective method in relieving pain caused by the insertion of a needle into the arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients.
Effectiveness of Schema Therapy and Emotional Self-Regulation Therapy in the Components of Women’s Marital Conflicts
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Mohammadi Safieh
Published: May 2021

Background: Marital conflicts partly happen due to the psychological disorders of couples, issues related to children, and the long periods of depression, all of which may lead to the failure of relationship and divorce. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy and emotional self-regulation therapy in the components of marital conflict in women referred to the psychological centers of Ahvaz City. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The research population consisted of all women with marital conflicts referring to the psychological centers of Ahvaz, in 2019. Using convenience sampling, 45 women who were willing to participate in the project were recruited and randomly assigned into two experimental groups (schema therapy and emotional self-regulation therapy) and a control group (n=15 per group). Data were collected with the Marital Conflict Questionnaire. Besides, the first and second intervention programs consisted of eight 90-minute sessions of schema therapy and eight 90-minute sessions of emotional self-regulation therapy, respectively. The obtained data were analyzed using the multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS V. 24. Results: Schema therapy and emotional self-regulation therapy effectively improved the components of marital conflict in women (P<0.01). Also, the effects of the two interventions on the components of marital conflict did not significantly differ (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings, schema therapy and emotional self-regulation therapy are suggested to be employed by psychologists and psychiatric nurses to improve the components of women’s marital conflict
Prestige and Dominance as Differential Correlates of Moral Foundations and Its Clinical Implications
Authors:   Institue of Educational, Psychological, and Social Research, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Khanipour Hamid , Pourali Mahsan ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Atar Mojgan ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: How people use social rank (dominance vs prestige) could explain different attitudes toward five moral foundations. This study aimed to investigate the differential relationships between prestige, dominance, and moral foundations. Methods: This study was conducted on 150 participants who responded to the moral foundation questionnaire and dominance-prestige scale. Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed that prestige was positively associated with four kinds of moral foundations (harm/care, reciprocity/fairness, loyalty/subversion, and purity/sanctity), whereas dominance was negatively associated with harm/care, reciprocity/fairness, and progressivism. Prestige had a stronger association with moral foundations than dominance. Conclusion: It seems that dominance as a social status seeking-strategy is against any moral foundation, but prestige could increase attention to moral foundations in decision making toward every life issue.
UJI AKTIVITAS JUS BUAH JAMBU BIJI BERDAGING MERAH (Psidium guajava L.) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN TROMBOSIT PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) YANG DIINDUKSI KLORAMFENIKOL
Authors: Hosea Cindy Trie Permatasari , Jamaluddin Abdul Wahid , Adikurniawan Yuko Mulyono
Published: May 2021

Thrombocytopenia is the most common hemostatic disorder acquired in dogs and can be a life-threatening. Guava fruit and leaves extract are believed to improve thrombocyte counts. The purpose of this study was to prove that administration of guava juice could improve  thrombocyte count in mice that have thrombocytopenia after induced by chloramphenicol. We were used 24 mice as samples divided into 4 groups : KS group (given aquades for 12 days), KN group (induced by chloramphenicol for 7 days, then aquades on next 5 days), group P1 (induced by chloramphenicol for 7 days then guava juice 5 g/ml concentration on 5 next day); and group P2 (induced by chloramphenicol for 7 days then guava juice 10 g/ml concentration on the next 5 days). Thrombocyte count was measured three times, before treatment (day 0), after chloramphenicol induction (day 7), and after guava juice (day 12). Data of thrombocyte count was analyzed using one way Anova and Post Hoc LSD test. The results showed that the guava juice (Psidium guajava L.) concentration of 5 g/ml and 10 g/ml had significant effect (p <0,05) to increase platelet numbers  in mice after induced by chlorampenicol dose 30mg/30grBW.
In memoriam: Izzaddin Mustafa Rasul (1934-2019), Iraqi Kurdish man of letters and Soviet-trained scholar
Authors: Mossaki Nodar
Published: May 2021

The literary scholar Izzaddin Mustafa Rasul (1934-2019) was one of the greatest Iraqi Kurdish scholars trained in the Soviet Union. He was one of a cohort of Iraqi students who received scholarships for study in the USSR in the wake of the 1958 coup that overthrew the Iraqi monarchy, and his time in the USSR coincided with the period of flourishing of Kurdish studies there. Rasul’s PhD dissertation analyzed the development of Kurdish literature within a schematic Marxist-Leninist developmental framework. In his major work, however, which focused on Ahmed Khani and his Mem û Zîn, he went well beyond the standard Soviet treatment of literary works and focused especially on the dimensions of Sufi theosophy and other Islamic content in the work. In this respect, Rasul’s work stands out as a rare exception in Soviet Oriental studies. It remains one of the most ambitious studies of the early modern Kurdish poet Khani.
Comparative suitability of the feathers, peripheral blood and spleen tissue samples of chickens for the detection of Marek’s disease virus by polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Rahman MW , Nooruzzaman M , Suma US , Chowdhury EH , Islam MR
Published: May 2021

A total of 24 clinical specimens (10 feathers, 8 peripheral bloods and 6 spleens) were collected from 10 suspected outbreaks of Marek’s disease (MD) from Mymensingh, Tangail, Gazipur and Pabna districts of Bangladesh. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol originally described by Silva (1992) was adopted to detect Marek’s disease virus (MDV) genome in these specimens. All the tested peripheral blood buffy coat samples (100%) were positive for MDV in PCR, while 70% of feather samples and 66.6% of spleen samples were positive. A band of 317 bp size was found in all positive samples. A few samples also yielded additional bands of 185 bp size and/or multiple bands of larger than 317 bp size, indicating the presence of both virulent MDV and the vaccine virus. The study suggests that peripheral blood and feathers from live birds, and feathers from dead birds are the samples of choice for the detection of MDV by PCR.

The Bangladesh Veterinarian (2018) 35(1&2): 1-6
The microbiology of isoprene cycling in aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Dawson RA , Crombie AT , Pichon P , Steinke M , McGenity TJ , Murrell JC
Published: May 2021

Isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) is emitted in vast quantities (>500 Tg C yr-1). Most isoprene is emitted by trees, but there is still incomplete understanding of the diversity of isoprene sources. The reactivity of isoprene in the atmosphere has potential implications for both global warming and global cooling, with human health implications also arising from isoprene-induced ozone formation in urban areas. Isoprene emissions from terrestrial environments have been studied for many years, but our understanding of aquatic isoprene emissions is less complete. Several abundant phytoplankton taxa produced isoprene in the laboratory, and the relationship between chlorophyll a and isoprene production has been used to estimate emissions from marine environments. The aims of this review are to highlight the role of aquatic environments in the biological cycling of isoprene and to stimulate further study of isoprene metabolism in marine and freshwater environments. From a microbial ecology perspective, the isoprene metabolic gene cluster, first identified in Rhodococcus sp. AD45 (isoGHIJABCDEF) and subsequently found in every genome-sequenced isoprene-degrader, provides the ideal basis for molecular studies on the distribution and diversity of isoprene-degrading communities. Further investigations of isoprene-emitting microbes, such as the influence of environmental factors and geographical location, must also be considered when attempting to constrain estimates of the flux of isoprene in aquatic ecosystems. We also report isoprene emission by the scleractinian coral Acropora horrida and the degradation of isoprene by the same coral holobiont, which highlights the importance of better understanding the cycling of isoprene in marine environments.
Systemic Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in seven free-ranging delphinids stranded in England and Wales
Authors: Ceccolini ME , Wessels M , Macgregor SK , Deaville R , Perkins M , Jepson PD , John SK , Guthrie A
Published: May 2021

Microbiology records for 1127 cetaceans stranded on English and Welsh beaches and examined at the Institute of Zoology between 1990 and 2019 were reviewed to identify cases of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, an uncommon but potentially fatal zoonotic pathogen. Once cases were identified, prevalence was calculated, corresponding postmortem reports were reviewed, common gross and histopathological findings were identified, and antibiotic susceptibilities were determined. Overall prevalence for E. rhusiopathiae was 0.62% (7/1127; 95% CI: 0.30-1.28%). It was isolated from 3 bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus, 3 harbor porpoises Phocoena phocoena, and 1 short-beaked common dolphin Delphinus delphis, with a prevalence of 21.4% (3/14; 95% CI: 7.6-47.9%), 0.39% (3/779; 95% CI: 0.13-1.13%), and 0.47% (1/212; 95% CI: 0.08-2.62%) for each species, respectively. E. rhusiopathiae resulted in septicemia in all cases from which it was isolated. Gross necropsy findings included pulmonary edema (5/7), hemorrhage (5/7) and/or congestion of various organs (4/7), and serosanguineous effusion (3/7; pericardial: 3/7, pleural: 2/6, abdominal: 2/6). Congestion (5/5), bacterial emboli (4/5), and hemorrhage (4/5) were commonly observed on histopathology, and acute renal tubular injury (2/5) and pulmonary edema (2/5) were occasionally observed. Routine bacterial cultures were vital in identifying E. rhusiopathiae, since gross lesions were often subtle and nonspecific. The liver, kidney, and brain were key organs from which E. rhusiopathiae was consistently isolated. Antibiotic resistance was uncommon and was only observed for amikacin and trimethoprim sulfonamide. Penicillins were consistently effective, along with fluoroquinolones, macrolides, clindamycin, cephalexin, and oxytetracycline.