bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CONCENTRATION OF NATURAL RADIATION SOURCES (NRS), MAINLY 238U, 232Th, and 40K, IN BUILDING MATERIALS (SAND, CLAY BRICKS, AND CONCRETE BLOCKS) USED ALONG KANGUNDO ROAD, NAIROBI KENYA
Authors:   Kenyatta University, Kenya., Nyongesa Chilai Amosi , O. Hashim Nadir ,   Kenyatta University, Kenya., Wanjala Omonya Felix ,   International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Austria.
Published: September 2024

This research aimed at assessing the concentration of Natural Radiation Sources (NRS), mainly 238U, 232Th, and 40K, in building materials (sand, clay bricks, and concrete blocks) used along Kangundo Road in Nairobi City County. Human exposure to ionising radiation is largely due to Natural Radiation Sources (NRS). These radioactive elements with long half-lives are found in the Earths lithosphere and in construction materials with radiation levels varying due to their geology. A purposive random sampling method was deployed in this work to collect samples of building materials for analysis. The radioactivity concentration levels in the sampled building materials were determined using a NaI (TI) spectrometer at Kenyatta University laboratory. The activity concentration of 40K varied from 151 Â± 8 to 2392 Â± 120 Bq/kg, 238U varied from 27 Â± 2 to 412 Â± 21 Bq/kg and 232Th ranged from 54 Â± 3 to 612 Â± 31Bq/kg. More than 70 per cent of the samples analysed had activity concentration surpassing the world permissible limits of 420 Bq/kg, 33 Bq/kg, 45 Bq/kg for 40K, 238U and 232Th respectively. The study therefore recommended that assessment of radioactivity concentration for samples with high radioactivity values.
EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING AND EPITHELIALIZATION USING TOLUIDINE BLUE DYE INDICATOR IN DIODE LASER FRENECTOMY WITH AND WITHOUT SURGICAL MICROSCOPE
Authors: Singh Mayank , Sekhar Vidya , Chandra Joohi , Malhotra Sumit , Pal Kirti , Sharma Megha , Grover Radhika
Published: September 2024

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the wound healing and epithelialization in diode laser frenectomy using toluidine blue dye as an indicator, comparing outcomes between procedures performed with and without the use of a surgical microscope at 1- and 2-weeks post-operatIvely. Materials and Methods: This controlled clinical trial involved patients undergoing diode laser frenectomy, divided into two groups: one group underwent the procedure with the aid of a surgical microscope, while the other group did not use a microscope. Wound healing and epithelialization were assessed using toluidine blue dye at 1 and 2 weeks following the procedure. Results: The group that received diode laser frenectomy with the use of a surgical microscope demonstrated significantly faster and more complete wound healing and epithelialization at both 1 and 2 weeks compared to the group that did not use the surgical microscope. The toluidine blue stain uptake showed similar results. Conclusion: The use of a surgical microscope in diode laser frenectomy appears to enhance wound healing and epithelialization, as evidenced by the results at both 1 and 2 weeks. This suggests that incorporating a surgical microscope into the procedure may improve clinical outcomes and reduce recovery time. Further research is needed to confirm these findings across larger and more diverse patient populations.
PREVALANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF SOME MAJOR DISEASES OF MANGO AT AFGOYE AND BALAD DISTRICT IN SOMALIA
Authors:   M.Sc Student, Department of Agricultural Structure and Irrigation, Gradaute School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye., Barre Yusuf Galad , Said Ali Liban ,   M.Sc Student, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (IIAST) Integral University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.
Published: September 2024

The experiments were conducted in different mango orchards of Afgoye and Balad districts in Somalia under the faculty of Agriculture, Zamzam Universityof Science and Technology during February to April, 2020 on prevalence and management of mango diseases. Altogether, seven different diseases viz. Anthracnose, die-back, powdery mildew, sooty mold, red rust, bacterial leaf blight and bacterial leaf spot were recorded. All the diseases were common in both regions but these varied from orchard to orchard. Among the diseases, severity of Anthracnose (35.3%), die-(20.67%), powdery mildew (45.17%), red rust (13.75%) and bacterial leaf sight (54.33%) were found major problem in Balad districts. In Afgoye , Anthracnose (16.033%), sooty mold (18.90%), bacterial leaf blight( 19.833%) and bacterial leaf spot (8.927%) were found the highest severity. fungicides Caroozate 45, Carbazim, respectively, were evaluated and found that Carbazim were good effect in controlling Anthracnose, sooty mold, red rust and bacterial leaf spot. Caroozate 45 was also effective in controlling Anthracnose, die-back, powdery mildew, red rust al leaf spot disease. like similarly weused botanicals fungcide, Such as Neemand Garlic well cake.respectively,were evaluated and found that Neem with Garlic were good effect in controlling Anthracnose, sooty mold, red rust and bacterial leaf spot. Neem was also effective in controlling Anthracnose, die-back, powdery mildew, red rust al leaf spot disease.
DOCTRINES OF UNIVERSAL SUFISM TEACHINGS: AN ANALYSIS
Authors:   Research Centre for Theology and Philosophy. Faculty of Islamic StudiesNational University of Malaysia43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Salleh Nozira
Published: September 2024

In this day, various teachings, beliefs and thoughts from religion, economic, political and social aspects have penetrated every area of â€‹â€‹human life through the sophistication of social media technology. Among that challenges are the understanding of spiritual teachings that are served in various forms such as faith and art, mostly aimed at harmony, well-being, unity, peace and love. Each of these spiritual teachings require research and precise understanding where they affect human life directly or indirectly. Therefore, this article tries to scientifically examine the teachings of universal spirituality, by focusing the discussion on the Universal Sufism teachings. This spiritual teachingis getting the attention of Muslims in particular and all people in general. This study uses a literature review approach by referring to the books of Inayat Khan who is the founder of the Universal Sufism and also other relatedwritten materials. The results of the study show that Universal Sufism is a universalspiritual teaching that combines various elements from Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism and Zoroastrianism.
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF IMMUNOTHERAPY IN NEUROBLASTOMA?
Authors: Bhattacharjee Rishita
Published: September 2024

This research paper delves into the role of immunotherapy in treating neuroblastoma, a pediatric cancer characterized by its origin in neural crest cells and its highly variable clinical presentation. Neuroblastoma exhibits a broad spectrum of behaviors, from spontaneous regression to aggressive metastasis, posing unique challenges to conventional treatment strategies such as chemotherapy and surgical intervention. Immunotherapy emerges as a critical advancement, utilizing the bodys immune system to target and eradicate cancer cells through mechanisms that engage both innate and adaptive immune responses. The paper focuses on several immunotherapeutic strategies, particularly the application of monoclonal antibodies like dinutuximab, which targets the GD2 antigen-a molecule extensively expressed on neuroblastoma cells. This approach capitalizes on the bodys natural immune functions, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), to destroy cancer cells. Furthermore, the exploration of immune checkpoint inhibitors that help restore immune system activity suppressed by cancer cells, and adoptive cell therapies, where T cells are engineered to fight cancer directly, illustrates the dynamic interaction between neuroblastoma and the immune system. Additionally, the paper outlines the scientific challenges in integrating immunotherapy with existing treatments, emphasizing the necessity for precise biomarkers that enhance the predictability of treatment responses and allow for the customization of therapeutic approaches to individual patient needs. The potential side effects and the variable efficacy observed among patients highlights the complexity of tailoring immunotherapy in pediatric oncology. This review aims to provide a foundational understanding of how immunotherapy could revolutionize neuroblastoma treatment, improving outcomes for patients through a deeper scientific understanding and targeted approach.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF BEHAVIOUR OF CHILDREN AND TIME TAKEN BY THREE TECHNIQUES OF CARIES REMOVAL: CHEMOMECHANICAL CARIES REMOVAL, CARIES REMOVAL WITH SMART BURS AND CONVENTIONAL CARIES REMOVAL- A CLINICAL PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Shafi Huda , Lone Nazia , Farooq Nidha
Published: September 2024

Background: Many chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) agents have been introduced and marketed since 1970s, with each new one being better and effective than the previously introduced. CMCR and Smart Burs (mechanical caries removal) are minimally invasive treatment approaches which selectively remove caries-infected tissue while leaving intact caries-affected tissue-conserving tooth structure. Aim: to compare the effectiveness of different caries removal techniques in primary teeth using the BRIX-3000, conventional caries removal , and Smart Burs in removing dentinal caries. The time taken for caries removal, the efficacy of caries removal and patient acceptance will be evaluated for clinical success with different caries removal techniques. Materials and methods: the study will be carried in thirty primary teeth in children aged 5-10 years with asymptomatic carious lesion. The teeth will be randomly divided into three groups depending on type of caries removal method used. Results: There was statistically significant difference among the groups with respect to childs behaviour , time taken and efficiency of caries removal Conclusion:The time taken to remove caries by Conventional method was observed to be significantly lower as compared to that taken by smart burs and Brix - 3000. The clinical efficacy of caries removal was highest with conventional method followed by almost comparable effectiveness by smart burs and Brix-3000. However,Patient acceptance during caries removal was found to be highest with Brix - 3000 followed by Smart burs and least by Conventional method.
NEURAL TUBE CLOSURE ANOMALIES: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES AND RISK FACTORS AT THE NEONATAL AND NEONATAL RESUSCITATION DEPARTMENT OF MOHAMMED VI UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, OUJDA
Authors: El Houda Benchaib Nour , Ayyad Anass , El Mokhtari Jihane , Ech-Chebab Mohammed , Messaoudi Sahar , Amrani Rim
Published: September 2024

Objective:This studyaims to identify the sociodemographic, maternal, and obstetricriskfactorsassociatedwith neural tube defects (NTDs) and determinetheirprevalenceamongnewbornshospitalized in the neonatology and neonatal intensive care unit at CHU Mohamed VI Oujda. Methods:Weconducted a descriptive retrospectivestudy over an 18-month period, including all newbornshospitalizedwithisolated or associatedNTDs. Incomplete records wereexcludedfrom the analysis. Results:Out of 797 hospitalizednewborns, 66 hadcongenital malformations, including 10 cases of NTDs (1.25%). The types of NTDsidentifiedwereanencephaly (1 case), spina bifida (6 cases), and encephalocele (3 cases). The majority of mothers had an average age of 34.3 years, with 80% coming from a low socioeconomic status and 60% having a history of consanguineous marriages. Additionally, fenugreek consumption during the first trimester of pregnancy was reported in 70% of cases, while only 20% of mothers had taken folic acid.Regarding the newborns, 70% presented with hypotonia, and 60% exhibited weak or absent primitive reflexes. The short-term postoperative mortality rate was 30%. Discussion:The prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) observed in this study is significantly higher than the global average, which may be explained by unfavorable socioeconomic conditions and maternal nutritional deficiencies. Fenugreek consumption and low folic acid supplementation were identified as significant risk factors. Conclusion:To reduce the incidence of NTDs, itis essential to Strengthening prenatal care, encouraging folic acid supplementation, and advising against the consumption of fenugreek during pregnancy are essential. A preventive strategy tailored to local specificities could significantly improve newborn health and reduce complications associated with neural tube defects (NTDs).
CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF READY TO DRINK JUICE ENRICHED WITH ARTEMISIA ANNUA
Authors:   Laboratoire des Sciences Biomedicales, Alimentaires et Sante Environnementale (LaSBASE), Ecole Superieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA), Universite de Lome, Togo., Diantom Agoura , Sossou Kodjovi ,   Laboratoire des Sciences Biomedicales, Alimentaires et Sante Environnementale (LaSBASE), Ecole Superieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA), Universite de Lome, Togo., Efui Gbekley Holaly ,   Departement de Biochimie/Nutrition, Laboratoire de Biochimie appliquee a la Nutrition, Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Lome, Togo., Djeri Bouraima ,   Laboratoire de de Microbiologie et de Controle de Qualite des Denrees Alimentaires (LAMICODA),Ecole Superieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA), Universite de Lome, Togo., Kangni-Dossou Messanh ,   Laboratoire de de Microbiologie et de Controle de Qualite des Denrees Alimentaires (LAMICODA),Ecole Superieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA), Universite de Lome, Togo., Tchacondo Tchadjobo ,   Laboratoire des Sciences Biomedicales, Alimentaires et Sante Environnementale (LaSBASE), Ecole Superieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA), Universite de Lome, Togo.
Published: September 2024

Artemisia annua is used to prepare a tea for the treatment of malaria, but this traditional method was not diffused around the world. This might be due to time to prepare the tea and its taste. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and characterize a ready to drink (RTD) pineapple juice enriched with Artemisia annua. RTD juice was obtained by the infusion of Artemisia annua leaves and stems in pineapple juice (100%) or in 75% pineapple juice and 25% water. Microbiological analysis was explored following the method of AFNOR. The chemical composition, the phytochemical and physicochemical properties of RTD juice were performed using standard colorimetric methods. The identification of Artemisinin was done using high performance liquid chromatography. The two RTD juices produced showed a satisfactory microbiological quality. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of vitamin C, which varies from 14.30 mg/100g ± 0.12 to 4.10 mg/100g ± 0.10, coumarins, reducing sugars also a pH which varies from 4.07± 0.09 to 4.20 ± 0.10 in both RTD juices. The Brix degree of both RTD juices varied from 10.70 ± 0.08 to 16.60 ± 0.10°Brix. The (HPLC) revealed a peak of artemisinin in both RTDjuices. The data obtained from this study showed that these two RTD juices contain bioactive substances and might be used to treat malaria.
HUMAN ANIMAL CONFLICT (HEC) AND ASSOCIATED PRBLEMS: A CASE STUDY IN THIRUKKOVIL DIVISIONAL SECRETARIAT DIVISION, AMPARA DISTRICT
Authors:   University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Forestry and Environmental Management, Sri Lanka., Sivarajah Vainavi
Published: September 2024

Department of Wildlife Conservation reported in 2011 that an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) population of 1573 identified in the Eastern province and which has the second highest population in the country, also createda major Human Elephant conflict (HEC). This study aimed to analyze the HEC and associated problems in the Thirukkovil Divisional Secretariat in the Ampara District. The purposive sampling method was used to collect the primary data through interviews and observations. 40 people including 20 men and 20 women were selected for the study, and affected area data was gathered via observation. Secondary data was obtained from the older literatureand Primary and Secondary data were analyzed through SPSS. The Study area has the second-highest Elephant population on the island caused to the high HEC incidents. 9 Grama Niladhari division including Kanchikudiyaru, Sangamam, Thangavelayuthapuram, Thandiyadi, Kanchirankuda, Sangamankiramam, Thirukkovil-04, Thirukkovil-03, and Vinayakapuram are highly affected by the HEC while remaining 13 has the moderate problems. 65% of the elephant attackshappened during the December to February Maha season. 2013 to 2020 shows that a totally of 10 human people died and 22 people were injured due to the HEC. Moreover, estimated crop damages within the last seven years in Paddy cultivation, Highland Crops and Chena cultivation, Coconut, Banana, and Vegetables were Rs, 2234550, Rs, 180,500 and Rs.108,000, Rs.145000, Rs.150,000, Rs.125,000 respectively. High property damages occurred during the 2013 period with a cost of Rs.310,000. Human settlement distance from forest is a main cause for HEC and food insecurity, and lack of access to river water and fuelwood are the impacts created by the HEC.Therefore, this study suggests technologies including Bio-fencing, electric-fencing, trip alarms, chili-fences, and watchtowers to minimize the risk associated with HEC. Moreover, conducting awareness Programmes is important to protect the Eco-system and Asian Elephants.
ANALYSIS OF INDIA-VIETNAM BILATERAL TRADE RELATIONS DURING PRE-&POST STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP
Authors:   (B.tech Scholar), Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Puducherry Technological Universirty., S. Seshan Shri , S. Narendran Shri ,   (B.com) (Hons) Saradha Gangadhran College, Puducherry., Saravanan S. ,   Assistant Professor & Head, Department of Economics, Indira Gandhi College of Arts and Science, Puducherry - 605009.
Published: September 2024

The relations between India and Vietnam have been strengthening in both social and economic aspects. The bilateral trade and investment relations between thetwo countries are on an upward trend. In this context, the present paper analyses thetrade relationship between India and Vietnam and provides an overview of the trade relations. The study also examines the trade performances before and after strategic performances. The main findings of the study show that before 2017, Indias exports are more intensive than imports with Vietnam and Vietnams imports are more intensive than exports with India.However, since 2017, this trend is slightly reversed and Vietnams exports are more intense than imports with India. Furthermore, it is found that the host countrys GDPand exchange rate have a significant impact on India and Vietnams bilateral exports.
GROWTH MEDIUM OPTIMIZATION AND GENETIC ADAPTATION OF A WILD EDIBLE AGARICUS MUSHROOM SPECIES IN UGANDA
Authors:   Mushroom Technology Section, Department of product Development, Uganda Industrial Research Institute, P.O. Box 7086, Kampala, Uganda., N. Mayambala Jane , Lambert Edward ,   School of Science and Engineering, Atlantic International University, Honolulu, United States of America.
Published: September 2024

In this study, experiments were carried out to optimize the growth medium of a selected wild edible Agaricus mushroom. The objectives of this study were to select the most popular edible Agaricus sp. sold in open food markets, and to determine the quantitative composition of the substrate formulation for optimal yield. The most popular species was found to be Agaricus bisporus and fresh samples were used to produce spawn for the experiments to determine the substrate quantitative composition, randomized complete design (RCD) was used. Molasses, chicken manure, and maize bran were varied in ten different formulations. Each formulation was replicated four times. Ammonium nitrate, Rice straw and gypsum remained constant in the different formulations. It was also verified that yield of the mushrooms varied within the different formulations. The best formulation was formulation 5, this formulation produced mean mushroom weight of 3.190https://www.journalijar.com/article/50007/growth-medium-optimization-and-genetic-adaptation-of-a-wild-edible-agaricus-mushroom-species-in-uganda/1.54 and the least produced mean mushroom weight of 1.5±0.41.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF GROUNDNUT PODSEPARATOR
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture Engineering., Mano B. , Satheswaran N. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture Engineering., Tamilan S. ,   UG Student, Paavai Engineering College, Paavai Nagar, Pachal, Namakkal-637018., Sri Velmurugadass R. ,   UG Student, Paavai Engineering College, Paavai Nagar, Pachal, Namakkal-637018.
Published: September 2024

In India, Agriculture is the backbone. In a country like India, farmers grow groundnuts on a small scale. The major problem in groundnut production in countries like India is the lack of groundnut processing machines available to farmers. In the beginning, the workers separated the groundnut pods from their plants. They simply remove groundnut pods by their hands and separate them from the plants. The output obtained from this method, was very low because it was a very time-consuming process. It was also a boring work for the worker. The traditional method of separating pods from groundnut plants is by hand. The traditional method is not a sufficient method for separating the groundnut pods. Due to this manual process, identifying some major problems&overcomingthese problems some ideas or concepts are generated.
ROLE DU RECUIT SUR LA RESISTANCE A LOXYDATION HAUTE TEMPERATURE DUN ALLIAGE CUIVRE-NICKEL
Authors:   Laboratoire de Genie des Procedes et des Ressources Naturelles (LAGEPREN), DepartementdeChimie, Faculte des Sciences, Universitede Lome, BP 1515 Lome, Togo., Sassou Megnassan ,   Laboratoire Chimie Organique et Sciences de lEnvironnement (LaCOSE), FacultedeSsciencesEttechnologies, Universitede Kara, BP 404 Kara, Togo., Koffi Jondo ,   Laboratoire de Genie des Procedes et des Ressources Naturelles (LAGEPREN), DepartementdeChimie, Faculte des Sciences, Universitede Lome, BP 1515 Lome, Togo.
Published: September 2024

Ce travail est consacre a letude du role du recuit dans la resistance a loxydation de lalliage Cu54Ni45Mn1. Afin de comprendre le role du recuit, une etude doxydation haute temperature a ete conduite sur la base dune comparaison entre deux types dalliage a savoir le Cu54Ni45Mn1 recuit dans de largon a 900°C et leCu54Ni45Mn1 non recuit. Les oxydations ont ete realisees dans le dioxygene par thermogravimetrie en mode isotherme et non isotherme et suivies a laide dun microscope electronique a balayage. Les resultats revelent que le Cu54Ni45Mn1recuit possede des constantes cinetiques plus faibles et une energie dactivation plus elevee que celles du Cu54Ni45Mn1non recuit. Lanalyse MEB, a revele la formation dune couche doxyde duplex pour les deux types dalliages cependantles echantillons non recuits sont plus oxydes pour des temps doxydation egaux. Le recuit a un effet benefique sur la resistance a loxydation de lalliage Cu54Ni45Mn1.
AI-DRIVEN CIRCULARITY INDEX: A COMPREHENSIVE METRIC FOR EVALUATING PRODUCT LIFECYCLE SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Mehrotra Ravi
Published: September 2024

Sophisticated instruments are required for the analysis of sustainability in a product in all its complexity during a transition towards a circular economy. In this respect, the new metric presented in this article is the AI-driven Circularity Index, which assesses product circularity according to four dimensions: material selection, modular design, recyclability, and resource efficiency. This index-powered by machine learning - provides predictive insights and actionable recommendations toward product lifecycle sustainability, hence adding a more solid solution to the more pressing issues of traditional linear economic models.
ENHANCED CLASSIFICATION OF COFFEE BEAN SPECIES THROUGH COMPUTATIONAL MODELING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS
Authors:   Undergraduate Student, Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru., B. Nagashree , Mohan V. Rishika ,   Undergraduate Student, Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru., Lal Shreya ,   Undergraduate Student, Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru., Bathija Shweta ,   Undergraduate Student, Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru., and Shivandappa ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru., Kumar S. Ajeet ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru.
Published: September 2024

Maintaining quality standards and streamlining the value chain in the coffee business depend heavily on the accurate classification of coffee beans. Previously, this procedure was carried out by hand, which frequently resulted in errors that affected the beans overall quality and market value. In recent times however, there have been chances to improve and automate coffee bean sorting accuracy owing to developments in deep learning, especially in the area of image classification. Fraud detection is very important to ensure that the consumers receive quality products. This work investigates the use of deep learning models to categorize coffee beans using image data. By using machine learning and computer vision technologies, we are able to analyze the data given to identify the irregularities found which may result in fraud or issues in the quality of the coffee beans thereby proving that using image classification algorithms can majorly reduce the errors formed with respect to manual sorting, which ultimately leads to improved control of quality and economic outcomes.
Factors affecting employee retention: An empirical study in Nepalese commercial banks
Authors: Subedi Rabin , Bhaumik Amiya , Neupane Surendra
Published: September 2024

This paper aims to identify the factors affecting employee retention in Nepalese financial institutions, especially commercial banks. Through a questionnaire, the primary data were collected from 400 respondents. The study is based on a dichotomous and 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and structural equation modeling (SEM). SEM smart PLS-4 is used to examine the association between the dependent and independent variables. The results indicate that company image/goodwill, employee benefits, job satisfaction, organizational performance, recruitment and selection, and work environment and culture have a relatively significant relationship with employee retention. Among them, organizational performance was found to be highly significant among all other variables. However, labor unions, leadership support, performance appraisal, training and development, and work-life balance did not have an association with employee retention. The study helps HR managers to formulate appropriate policies and guidelines to retain employees in Nepalese commercial banks. Likewise, it provides a valuable empirical contribution by analyzing which factors affect employee retention in commercial banks in Nepal using a direct SEM model. It also shows which factors play a major role in employee retention.
Social solidarity economy during the war: The sources of individual and community resilience
Authors: Sotnyk Iryna , Kubatko Oleksandra , Chortok Yulija , Kostenko Andriana , Kupenko Olena , Karintseva Oleksandra , Tarasenko Svitlana
Published: September 2024

Due to the full-scale war of Russia against Ukraine in 2022, extreme danger and vulnerability have caused changes in the social and economic stability of a person both on the individual and at the family level, in various social groups, as well as in territorial communities. Thus, the study aims to investigate the sources of social and economic resilience of Ukraine’s population during the war in the context of developing a social solidarity economy in Ukrainian society to maintain fragile stability. The paper investigates the main reasons for the displacement of Ukrainians, explores the living conditions in communities where they moved, and identifies the main socioeconomic factors for ensuring the resistance of the individual and the community in wartime. The paper applies the sociological survey involving 1,200 respondents. The results show that Ukrainians recognize the authority’s right to make authoritarian decisions. The analysis gives empirical evidence on the sources of social and economic resistance and sustainability in Ukraine. This includes quantifying the role of social and financial payments, examining the intensification of social and solidarity ties, and evaluating the importance of a social solidarity economy for resilience. The study revealed the directions of supporting stability within the social solidarity economy in Ukraine under war conditions. They include incentive programs for returning qualified personnel, powerful tools of social support, encouraging socially-oriented small businesses, remote employment, state and local programs to support public organizations, and financing local initiatives.
AcknowledgmentsThe publication was prepared within the project Jean Monnet Module “Social Solidarity Economy: implementing EU experience for Sustainable Development” (SSExpEU-101047518-GAP-101047518) (2022–2025), funded by the European Union.
Unveiling the effect of proactive work behavior on task performance through boundary-spanning leadership and psychological empowerment
Authors: Setiadi Hadi , Widodo Widodo
Published: September 2024

Task performance is essential for organizations, so it continues to attract the attention of researchers, practitioners, and academics. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the effect of boundary-spanning leadership and psychological empowerment on the task performance of employees in Indonesian companies through the mediation mechanism of proactive work behavior. Research data were obtained from 455 employees of companies in the financial, trade, service, and investment sectors in Indonesia. The paper employed accidental sampling using a Likert-scale questionnaire and structural equation modeling. The results show that boundary-spanning leadership, psychological empowerment, and proactive work behavior significantly affect task performance. Boundary-spanning leadership and psychological empowerment significantly affect proactive work behavior. Proactive work behavior mediated the causal relationship between boundary-spanning leadership and psychological empowerment with task performance. These findings encourage a new empirical model regarding the critical role of proactive work behavior in transmitting boundary-spanning leadership and psychological empowerment to task performance. This model can be used by scholars, researchers, and practitioners to investigate worker task performance more thoroughly and deeply from the perspectives of boundary-spanning leadership, psychological empowerment, and proactive work behavior. It can serve as a credo for corporate management professionals seeking to maximize proactive work behavior, psychological empowerment, and boundary-spanning leadership in order to enhance employee task performance. In the interim, scholars and researchers can utilize it as a guide for next task performance investigations.
Flexible Working Arrangements and Subjective Career Success: Coping Mechanisms as Mediator during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hartanto Alysia , Nilawati Levi , Nugroho Yohanes Arianto Budi
Published: September 2024

The research aimed to examine the effect of Flexible Working Arrangements (FWA) on subjective career success (SCS) with the mediation of coping mechanisms (social support, active coping, and identity awareness) among employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research investigated whether coping mechanisms can act as a mediator when a work policy supports their employees during uncertain times through working from home to improve long-term health and well-being. The research was conducted in the e-commerce companies in Jakarta with a convenience sample of 205 respondents. The analysis was conducted empirically using Macro Hayes to examine the mediating role of coping mechanisms on the relationship between FWA and SCS. The results indicate that FWA has a significant positive effect on coping mechanisms. Coping mechanisms (social support and active coping) have a significant positive effect on SCS, except for identity awareness. FWA does not have a direct effect on SCS. Moreover, coping mechanisms (social support and active coping) mediate the relationship between FWA and SCS, except for coping mechanism (identity awareness), which does not have a significant effect. The research emphasizes the importance of coping mechanisms, namely social support and active coping, and calls for future researchers to pay more attention to coping mechanisms as countermeasures during a pandemic-induced public health crisis.
Digital Leadership: Predicting Team Dynamics, Communication Effectiveness, and Team Performance
Authors: Subiyanto Didik , Wahidah Umi , Septyarini Epsilandri , Arjuna Arief Bagus
Published: September 2024

Digitalization is essential in modern business organizations, where it transforms the operational framework and increases competitive advantage through the integration of advanced technologies. This transformation enables real-time data analysis, improves communication channels, and automates routine tasks, thereby driving innovation and efficiency that ultimately drives sustainable growth and success in a highly competitive market environment. The research observed the effect of digital leadership on team dynamics, communication effectiveness, and team performance. Data were collected by using a Likert scale questionnaire with 117 individual respondents across various business organizations in Yogyakarta and Banten, Indonesia. Then, the data obtained were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in AMOS software. The results show that digital leadership has a significant effect on team dynamics and communication effectiveness. In addition, communication effectiveness has been proven to have a significantly positive effect on team performance. However, there is no direct relationship between team dynamics and performance. The results underscore the importance of strengthening digital leadership and communication effectiveness to improve team performance. Organizations should prioritize fostering a collaborative culture through digital platforms, effectively managing conflicts, and ensuring timely communication. Digital leadership should promote a participatory culture, handle conflicts adeptly, and maintain teams motivated through an effective digital approach. Lastly, organizations must provide effective digital communication tools and ensure team members understand how to use them.
Shaping Trust through Argument Quality: Exploring its Impact on Purchase Intentions in Social Commerce
Authors: Kenang Irantha Hendrika , Kasetty Donald Michi
Published: September 2024

The research aimed to investigate the influence of argument quality, namely perceived informativeness and persuasiveness, on trust and purchase intention within a social commerce context, focusing on TikTok. A quantitative method was applied, including 150 respondents. Participants were selected based on specific criteria of being active social commerce users. Additionally, the participants’ age was restricted to between 18 and 23 years old since data indicated that Generation Z with a strong tendency to shop online, used TikTok more than other social media platforms. Data collection included distributing questionnaires through Google Forms, using a 5-point Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that perceived informativeness and persuasiveness affect trust towards both members of TikTok and the platform. It has a positive impact on purchase intention due to higher levels of trust in social commerce members and the platform. Meanwhile, trust towards members significantly affects the TikTok platform, and the relationship is non-significant. A potential differentiation is reported concerning the formation of trust. In this context, trust in individual users does not necessarily influence the platform within the context of TikTok social commerce. These insights are valuable for marketers and platform developers seeking to improve user engagement and transaction rates on social commerce platforms. The implications suggest that enhancing the informativeness and persuasiveness of content can be a strategic method for enhancing trust and promoting purchase intention.
Perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde mental de estudantes universitárias no contexto do ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Larrosa Juana Maria Fraga , Guedes Ariane da Cruz , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Machado Roberta Antunes , Brum Aline Neutzling , Guerin Michele Nunes , Souza Juliana Antunes
Published: September 2024

A pandemia de COVID-19 gerou desafios para a saúde mental da comunidade acadêmica. Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde mental de estudantes universitárias de uma universidade do Sul do país no contexto do ensino remoto emergencial. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo realizado com 329 estudantes universitárias, entre 4 de agosto e 12 de setembro de 2020. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário autoaplicado online. Para o perfil sociodemográfico as questões incluíam etnia, idade, estado civil, renda familiar, curso de graduação e semestre. Para caracterizar a saúde mental das universitárias foram medidos os níveis de depressão através do PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire), o grau de ansiedade por meio do IDATE (Inventário de Ansiedade Traço e Estado) e a ideação suicida pela Escala de Ideação Suicida de Beck (BSI - Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation). Resultados e discussão: as estudantes eram em maioria brancas (77,5%), entre 18 e 24 anos (77,1%), sem companheiro 88,4%, das classes econômicas E (43,3%) e D (28,3%). Maioria da área da saúde (70,2%), entre o quarto e sexto semestre (40%). Foram rastreadas para depressão 85,4%, enquanto 24% apresentaram níveis altos de ansiedade traço (49,5% nível médio, 26,4% nível baixo). Os níveis de ansiedade estado foram classificados como alto para 21,3%, médio para 51,4% e baixo para 24%. No total 25,5% apresentaram ideação suicida. Conclusão: o estudo contribui na descrição da população estudada e na identificação da prevalência de depressão, ansiedade e ideação suicida entre as estudantes universitárias.
Análise de vídeos de inserção de dispositivo intrauterino e punção lombar hospedados no Youtube
Authors: Da Silva Pedro Fellippe Pereira , Gomes Jayro Jorge Dantas , Feitosa Klécio Fabiano da Silva , Silva Rebeca Jerônimo de Aquino , Macedo Beatriz Emanuelle Sousa , Lucena Eudes Euler de Souza , Costa Raphael Raniere de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

As tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) constituem meios técnicos que permitem o compartilhamento de informações e os processos comunicativos por meio de recursos como computadores, internet e mídias sociais. Uma das ferramentas disponibilizadas pelas TIC são os vídeos contidos em plataformas virtuais, como o YouTube®, que vem sendo cada vez mais adotados no ensino em saúde devido à substituição do método cartesiano pelas Metodologias Ativas. O trabalho objetivou analisar o conteúdo de vídeos de inserção de Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU) e punção lombar, existentes no sítio de compartilhamento YouTube®, buscando identificar a qualidade do material publicado quanto a demonstração/execução dos procedimentos anteriormente referidos. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo, do tipo documental. Para a busca do procedimento de inserção de DIU, foi utilizado o seguinte descritor: “inserção de DIU”. Já para a segunda busca, sobre o procedimento de punção lombar, foi utilizado o descritor “punção lombar”, no campo de busca do YouTube®. Em cada busca, foram expostos os 100 primeiros resultados. Após a busca inicial e o levantamento dos dados, realizou-se a visualização na íntegra de todos os vídeos selecionados para análise. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, a amostra final foi constituída por 45 vídeos, sendo 30 referentes ao procedimento de inserção de DIU e 15 ao procedimento de punção lombar. Em relação ao responsável pela produção dos vídeos, em ambos os procedimentos, tem-se que a maioria foi de responsabilidade de pessoa física, produzidos no Brasil, em ambiente ambulatorial, com o uso de recursos do tipo simuladores. A partir do referencial teórico adotado neste estudo, foi possível identificar que 100,0% dos vídeos analisados, para ambos os procedimentos, não apresentavam a sequência correta de execução. Recomenda-se que estudantes da graduação em medicina tenham uma maior atenção e prudência durante a busca e seleção de materiais audiovisuais em plataformas digitais.
Design de serviço para o acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico de pacientes psiquiátricos atendidos em um ambulatório público: Estudo de implementação
Authors: Lima Camila da Silva , Barreto Joslene Lacerda , Viana Max Denisson Maurício , Alves Izabel Almeida
Published: September 2024

Objetivo. Relatar a experiência de implementação de um serviço de monitoramento farmacoterapêutico em uma clínica psiquiátrica ambulatorial pública. Métodos. Este é um estudo de implementação utilizando o modelo de design thinking, desenvolvido nas etapas de mapeamento, criação e implementação, adaptado de Stickdorn e Schneider. Resultados. As necessidades dos pacientes foram mapeadas e as limitações para a implementação foram avaliadas. Foram identificadas necessidades de revisão da terapia medicamentosa, consultas mais frequentes, monitoramento de sintomas e controle. Na fase de criação, o modelo de prática foi conceituado e estruturado, incluindo avaliação antropométrica, triagem para sintomas de ansiedade e depressão e a integração de serviços de telemonitoramento. Durante a implementação, o modelo foi testado com 20 pacientes, resultando em 114 consultas, sendo 67,5% realizadas remotamente e 32,5% presencialmente. Os pacientes foram triados para hipertensão (25%), diabetes (10%), depressão (70%) e ansiedade (60%). Foram identificados um total de 176 problemas relacionados a medicamentos (PRM) e 612 intervenções farmacêuticas (IF), sendo o aconselhamento em saúde (43,5%) e as recomendações de monitoramento (19,1%) as mais frequentes. A aceitação médica para ajustes na terapia ocorreu em 41% dos casos, e a taxa de absenteísmo foi de 38,4%. Conclusão. Apesar dos desafios de implementação, o design do serviço mostrou-se relevante para configurar e padronizar o processo de estruturação, e o monitoramento farmacoterapêutico se mostrou importante para integrar o cuidado ao paciente em ambientes de saúde pública.
Machine learning regression-based prediction model for the autonomous control of coagulant dosing in smart water purification plants
Authors: Shin Donggi , Lee Jong Yun
Published: September 2024

The global issue of water scarcity is escalating due to urbanization and increased demand. This paper proposes a machine learning (ML) regression-based model for automatic coagulant dosing control in smart water purification plants (SWPPs).1 The model uses random forest (RF), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), and k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithms. Performance metrics include MAE, MSE, RMSE, MAPE, and R2. The RF algorithm showed superior performance, with MAE of 0.005, MSE of 0.002, RMSE of 0.05, and MAPE of 0.000 for anion-poly aluminum chloride dosing, and MAE of 0.007, MSE of 0.00, RMSE of 0.02, and MAPE of 0.000 for Polymax dosing. The RF model's performance is due to its robust handling of large datasets and ensemble learning approach. Limitations include testing only two coagulants and reliance on historical data. These findings suggest integrating advanced water management, energy systems, and facility management to make SWPPs feasible and efficient, establishing a foundation for future applications of ML in chemical processes.
desafíos de la producción artesanal de quesos y uso del lactosuero en Zapotlanejo, Jalisco, México
Authors: Flores López María de Lourdes , Solis López Mayra Karina , Chombo Morales María Patricia , Suarez Jacobo Angela
Published: September 2024

La producción de queso artesanal prevalece en la actualidad por el reconocimiento, la preferencia y el consumo de los que goza. Es el motor económico y social de diferentes regiones rurales de México. En este artículo se exponen los retos que afrontan los productores de queso artesanal para hacer un uso eficiente del lactosuero en la comunidad de Santa Fe, Zapotlanejo, Jalisco (México). Se parte de una perspectiva antropológica, mediante la etnografía, observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas, a fin de recuperar la voz de los actores sociales sobre los retos que afrontan en el sistema de producción artesanal de queso. Se concluye que la organización social y colectiva es importante para afrontar el desabasto de leche, mejorar los procesos de elaboración de quesos, así como para incorporar elementos que permitan impulsar y mejorar el empaquetamiento, la comercialización y distribución del queso.
Recent Advances in the Linkers of Drug Conjugates
Authors: Deng Shirui , Wen Xiaoan , Wang Jinzheng
Published: September 2024

Drug conjugates have emerged as a pivotal research focus in the field of targeted
cancer therapy. They represent a widely explored prodrug strategy that significantly
enhances the therapeutic index of drugs while minimizing side effects. The stability and
selective cleavage of the linker within drug conjugates are critical for the therapeutic efficacy
and targeted treatment achieved by these conjugates. In this review, we have categorized
the linkers based on their cleavage mode and summarized the chemical properties,
advantages, and limitations of various types of cleavable linkers. Particularly, examples
have been provided to illustrate their specific potential for development.
Recent Developments and Applications of 3D-Printing Technology in Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery Systems: A New Research Direction and Future Trends
Authors: Swain Surya Kanta , Jena Bikash Ranjan , Parhi Rabinarayan
Published: September 2024

The advent of 3D printing technology has emerged as a key technical revolution in recent years, enabling
the development and production of innovative medication delivery methods in the pharmaceutical sector.
The designs, concepts, techniques, key challenges, and potential benefits during 3D-printing technology
are the key points discussed in this review. This technology primarily enables rapid, safe, and low-cost development
of pharmaceutical formulations during the conventional and additive manufacturing processes. This
phenomenon has wide-ranging implications in current as well as future medicinal developments. Advanced
technologies such as Ink-Jet printing, drop-on-demand printing, Zip dose, Electrohydrodynamic Printing (Ejet)
etc., are the current focus of the drug delivery systems for enhancing patient convenience and improving
medication compliance. The current and future applications of various software, such as CAD software, and
regulatory aspects in 3D and 4D printing technology are discussed briefly in this article. With respect to the
prospective trajectory of 3D and 4D printing, it is probable that the newly developed methods will be predominantly
utilized in pharmacies and hospitals to accommodate the unique requirements of individuals or niche
groups. As a result, it is imperative that these technologies continue to advance and be improved in comparison
to 2D printing in order to surmount the aforementioned regulatory and technical obstacles, render them applicable
to a vast array of drug delivery systems, and increase their acceptability among patients of every generation.