bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of MicroRNAs and Their Targets Involved in Paeonia rockii Petal Variegation Using High-throughput Sequencing
Authors: Shi Qianqian , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Li Xiang , Zhai Lijuan , Luo Xiaoning , Luo Jianrang , He Lixia , Zhang Yanlong , Li Long
Published: March 2019

Tree peony (Paeonia sp.) is a popular traditional ornamental plant in China. Among the nine wild species, Paeonia rockii displays wide-ranging, deep purple variegation at the base of the petals, whereas Paeonia ostii exhibits purely white petals. Overall, the posttranscriptional regulation involved in tree peony flower opening and pigmentation remains unclear. To identify potential microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in flower variegation, six small RNA libraries of P. ostii and P. rockii petals at three different opening stages were constructed and sequenced. Using Illumina-based sequencing, 22 conserved miRNAs and 27 novel miRNAs were identified in P. rockii and P. ostii petals. Seventeen miRNAs were differentially expressed during flower development, and several putative target genes of these miRNAs belonged to transcription factor families, such as Myb domain (MYB), and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors. Furthermore, an integrative analysis of the expression profiles of miRNAs and their corresponding target genes revealed that variegation formation might be regulated by miR159c, miR168, miR396a, and novel_miR_05, which target the MYB transcription factors, chalcone synthase (CHS), and ABC transporter. Our preliminary study is the first report of miRNAs involved in Paeonia flower pigmentation. It provides insight regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of flower pigmentation in tree peony.
Variation in Genome Size, Ploidy, Stomata, and rDNA Signals in Althea
Authors: Lattier Jason D. , Chen Hsuan , Contreras Ryan N.
Published: March 2019

Althea (Hibiscus syriacus) is a shrub prized for its winterhardiness and colorful summer flowers. Altheas are tetraploids (2n = 4x = 80); however, breeders have developed hexaploids and octoploids. Previous studies report anatomical variation among polyploids, including stomata size. The purpose of this study was 4-fold. First, identify genome size and ploidy variation in cultivars via flow cytometry and chromosome counts. Second, create a ploidy series consisting of 4x, 5x, 6x, and 8x cytotypes. Third, investigate the ploidy series for variation in stomatal guard cell lengths, stomatal density, and copy number of fluorescent ribosomal DNA (rDNA) signals. Fourth, investigate segregation patterns of rDNA signals in a subset of pentaploid seedlings. Flow cytometry revealed most cultivars to be tetraploid with holoploid 2C genome sizes from 4.55 ± 0.02 to 4.78 ± 0.06 pg. Five taxa (‘Aphrodite’, ‘Pink Giant’, ‘Minerva’, Azurri Satin®, and Raspberry Smoothie™) were hexaploids (6.68 ± 0.13 to 7.05 ± 0.18 pg). Peppermint Smoothie™ was a cytochimera with tetraploid cells (4.61 ± 0.06 pg) and octoploid cells (8.98 ± 0.13 pg). To create pentaploids, reciprocal combinations were made between hexaploid ‘Pink Giant’ and tetraploid cultivars. To create octoploids, seedlings were treated with agar solutions containing 0.2% colchicine or 125 μM oryzalin. Guard cell lengths were significantly different among the four cytotypes: 4x (27.36 ± 0.04 μm), 5x (30.35 ± 1.28 μm), 6x (35.59 ± 0.63 μm), and 8x (40.48 ± 1.05 μm). Measurements of stomatal density revealed a precipitous decline in average density from the 4x cytotype (398.22 ± 15.43 stomata/mm2) to 5x cytotype (194.06 ± 38.69 stomata/mm2) but no significant difference among 5x, 6x, and 8x cytotypes. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed an increase in 5S and 45S rDNA signals that scaled with ploidy: 4x (two 5S + four 45S), 6x (three 5S + six 45S), and 8x (four 5S + eight 45S). However, pentaploid (5x) seedlings exhibited random segregation of rDNA signals between the 4x and 6x cytotypes, including all six possible combinations (two 5S, three 5S) × (four 45S, five 45S, six 45S).
Preharvest Fruit Drop in Huanglongbing-affected ‘Valencia’ Sweet Orange
Authors: Tang Lisa , Chhajed Shweta , Vashisth Tripti
Published: March 2019

For field-grown ‘Valencia’ sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) affected by Huanglongbing [HLB (Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas)], trees that displayed more severe HLB symptoms (severe trees) had 74% fruit drop before harvest; however, the drop rate for less symptomatic trees (mild trees) was 45%. For mature fruit (3 weeks before harvest) still attached to the branches, 60% of them from severe trees were “loose fruit” [fruit detachment force (FT) < 6 kgf]. In contrast, only 13% of the attached fruit from the mild trees were loose. Overall, fresh weight and size of loose fruit were lower than “tight fruit” (FT > 6 kgf). Irrespective of the symptom levels of trees, the concentrations of glucose, fructose, and inositol in juice of loose fruit were the same or larger than those of tight fruit, suggesting that the shortage of carbohydrates is not the dominant cause of HLB-associated preharvest fruit drop. Expression levels of the cell wall modification genes encoding cellulase (endo-1,4-β-glucanase), polygalacturonase, and pectate lyase were greater in the calyx abscission zones of loose fruit compared to tight fruit, indicating that cell separation was occurring in the former at the time of collection. No differences in the expression levels of genes encoding the ethylene biosynthesis enzymes, including 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO), and an ethylene-responsive transcription factor 1 (ERF1) were observed in tissues of loose and tight fruit. Interestingly, ACS, ACO, and EFR1 expressions were lower in calyx abscission zones and in leaves of the severe trees compared with those of mild trees, suggesting an ostensible, HLB-dependent reduction in ethylene biosynthesis and/or signaling close to harvest time. However, the role of ethylene in HLB-associated preharvest fruit drop remains to be determined. The results leave open the possibility of early ethylene production and action before the initiation of fruit abscission.
Improvement in Heat Tolerance of Creeping Bentgrass with Melatonin, Rutin, and Silicon
Authors: Merewitz Emily B. , Liu Sha
Published: March 2019

Naturally derived products that may enhance the functionality of fertilizers or other agricultural inputs are needed to reduce inputs associated with stress damage and increase the sustainability of turfgrass management. Damage to high-value creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) turf areas caused by heat stress is a widespread problem. This study aimed to evaluate multiple, diverse treatments that may illicit antioxidant responses in plants, melatonin, rutin, and Si, when applied as foliar pretreatments to heat stress. Creeping bentgrass plants were grown in growth chambers at optimal (23 °C) or heat stress conditions (35 °C). Turfgrass quality, chlorophyll content, leaf electrolyte leakage, photochemical efficiency, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity, and fatty acid content were measured to determine the effects of foliar treatments on heat stress responses. Melatonin, Si, and rutin were all found to improve some or all of the physiological parameters measured in the study, but only melatonin and Si reduced lipid peroxidation, increased antioxidant enzyme activity, and altered fatty acid contents. Melatonin- and Si-treated plants had greater superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity and increased the content of the unsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid, in creeping bentgrass leaves during heat stress compared with controls. Rutin improved turf quality and reduced electrolyte leakage during heat stress, but the mechanism associated with these changes is unclear because no changes were found in antioxidant enzyme activities or fatty acids. Melatonin and Si treatment promoted antioxidant enzyme activity and linoleic acid content of leaves, which have been associated with the improved heat tolerance of creeping bentgrass plants.
Winter Wheat Response to Fertilizer Type and Timing in Western South Dakota
Authors: Graham C.J. , Stockton M.
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas

Split‐application of N in winter wheat produced relatively modest increases in grain yield and protein over at‐planting N applications.

The form of N, whether as broadcast urea or banded UAN, did not significantly affect either yield or protein.

Modest differences in yield and/or protein can have a significant impact on net revenue.

In the northern Great Plains, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grows across four seasons, allowing more time for nitrogen (N) to be lost to the environment. Recognizing uneven plant N uptake throughout the growing season, it has been established that split application of N can improve various growth parameters. However, climate plays a large role in the efficacy of split applications of N. Growing winter wheat in semiarid conditions requires careful N management, including application timing and fertilizer type, to optimize plant performance, resource allocation, and economic returns. This study was conducted in western South Dakota to evaluate the yield, protein, and economic effects of various at‐planting and split applications of N.
Comments on one-form global symmetries and their gauging in 3d and 4d
Authors: Hsin Po-Shen , Lam Ho Tat , Seiberg Nathan
Published: March 2019

We study 3d and 4d systems with a one-form global symmetry, explore
their consequences, and analyze their gauging. For simplicity, we focus
on \mathbb{Z}_NℤN
one-form symmetries. A 3d topological quantum field theory (TQFT)
\mathcal{T}𝒯
with such a symmetry has NN
special lines that generate it. The braiding of these lines and their
spins are characterized by a single integer
pp
modulo 2N2N.
Surprisingly, if \gcd(N,p)=1gcd(N,p)=1
the TQFT factorizes \mathcal{T}=\mathcal{T}'\otimes \mathcal{A}^{N,p}𝒯=𝒯′⊗𝒜N,p.
Here \mathcal{T}'𝒯′
is a decoupled TQFT, whose lines are neutral under the global symmetry
and \mathcal{A}^{N,p}𝒜N,p
is a minimal TQFT with the \mathbb{Z}_NℤN
one-form symmetry of label pp.
The parameter pp
labels the obstruction to gauging the \mathbb{Z}_NℤN
one-form symmetry; i.e. it characterizes the ’t Hooft anomaly of the
global symmetry. When p=0p=0
mod 2N2N,
the symmetry can be gauged. Otherwise, it cannot be gauged unless we
couple the system to a 4d bulk with gauge fields extended to the bulk.
This understanding allows us to consider SU(N)SU(N)
and PSU(N)PSU(N)
4d gauge theories. Their dynamics is gapped and it is associated with
confinement and oblique confinement – probe quarks are confined. In the
PSU(N)PSU(N)
theory the low-energy theory can include a discrete gauge theory. We
will study the behavior of the theory with a space-dependent
\thetaθ-parameter,
which leads to interfaces. Typically, the theory on the interface is not
confining. Furthermore, the liberated probe quarks are anyons on the
interface. The PSU(N)PSU(N)
theory is obtained by gauging the \mathbb{Z}_NℤN
one-form symmetry of the SU(N)SU(N)
theory. Our understanding of the symmetries in 3d TQFTs allows us to
describe the interface in the PSU(N)PSU(N)
theory.
Influence of non-monetary information signals of the USA on the Ukrainian stock market volatility
Authors: Pavlov Roman , Pavlova Tetiana , Lemberg Anna , Levkovich Oksana , Kurinna Iryna
Published: March 2019

The Ukrainian PFTS stock index volatility reaction as a whole and its constituent economic sectors (“Basic Materials”, “Financials”, “Industrials”, “Oil & Gas”, “Telecommunications”, “Utilities”) to seven non-monetary US information signals (“Consumer price index”, “Personal spending”, “Unemployment rate”, “Gross domestic product”, “Industrial production”, “Consumer confidence”, “Housing starts”) was carried out for the period 2000–2017 on the basis of closing stock quotations in the trading day format. To assess the “surprise” component direct influence nature of the USA selected non-monetary information signals on the PFTS stock index, an AR-GARCH econometric modelling device was used. The results achieved clearly indicate the presence of some PFTS stock index economic sectors heterogeneous reaction to the United States individual non-monetary information signals announcement. For example, such economic sectors as “Basic Materials”, “Financials”, and “Oil & Gas” volatility response to the US non-monetary information signal “Consumer price index” “surprise” components the opposite of the overall PFTS stock index reaction. It can also be concluded that the United States non-monetary information signals influence on the Ukrainian stock market volatility depends not only on the financial cycle phase and data frequency, but also on the PFTS stock index economic sector.
Analysis of distributions of indoor radon concentrations in the regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kononenko D. V.
Published: March 2019

During 2001–2017 more than 800 thousand records containing the results of measurements of radon concentration taken in 78 regions of Russia were accumulated in the Federal databank of radiation doses to the population of the Russian Federation. The paper presents the procedure and results of the first data analysis carried out to check the conformity of radon concentrations in the regions of Russia with the lognormal distribution and to calculate the parameters of these distributions. The procedure included verification and validation of data, plotting the frequency distribution histograms and Q-Q plots (normal probability plots) and the use of some methods of elimination of plateaus on the Q-Q plots and the distribution recovery. As a result, in 74 of 78 analyzed regions radon concentrations conform quite well or almost perfect to a lognormal distribution up to a certain level (this level ranged from 55 to 4915 Bq/m3). For all 78 regions geometric means with 95% confidence intervals, geometric standard deviations and arithmetic means were calculated. It should be noted that due to the fact that the Federal databank is a database containing results of measurements taken with different techniques (instant measurements, charcoal canisters, radon monitors and etched track detectors), the lognormal distributions for most regions are in fact contaminated distributions, and currently it is impossible to calculate the parameters of separate distributions that form the mixture. The results show that dose assessment based on arithmetic means could lead to an  overestimation of the doses from radon up to 2.1 times compared to that based on geometric means. The calculated medians can also be used for risk assessment purposes.
El “Breakout EDU” como herramienta clave para la gamificación en la formación inicial de maestros/as
Authors: Moreno Fuentes Elena
Published: March 2019

En este artículo presentamos una estrategia docente de gamificación basada en la elaboración y puesta en práctica de dos breakout educativos. El objetivo principal para llevarla a cabo fue aumentar la motivación y el acercamiento a los contenidos y competencias de una asignatura optativa de la mención en Lenguas Extranjeras (inglés) en el Grado en Educación Primaria.  Tras llevar a la práctica dos retos basados en breakout educativos, los estudiantes completaron un cuestionario ad hoc para valorar su satisfacción, las dificultades encontradas, los aspectos a mejorar y su intención de utilizar estas estrategias como futuros docentes en educación primaria. Tras el análisis de resultados, las conclusiones nos permiten destacar que este tipo de metodologías activas y, en especial, las estrategias de gamificación generan un alto de nivel de motivación en el alumnado universitario, permiten el trabajo cooperativo y favorecen la adquisición de competencias clave y de los contenidos de las asignaturas.
Inadmissibility of Evidence as a Procedural Reason for Exclusion
Authors: Лебедева Екатерина , Lebedeva Ekaterina
Published: March 2019

The research featured the issues of legal regulation and exclusion of evidence claimed in the court of first instance in criminal procedure. The author analyzed the legislative regulation of the procedure for the application and consideration of petitions for the exclusion of evidence, as well as some practical issues of petitions for the exclusion of evidence. The procedure for the application and consideration of petitions for the exclusion of evidence is not fully regulated by the legislator. The Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation focuses on the stage of preliminary hearing, while on the merits procedure remains unsettled. The exclusion of evidence in a preliminary hearing prevents defective evidence from entering the trial. Repeated applications should be seen as an alternative to the institute of appeal, since a re-application of the petitions allows the parties to express their opinion on the decision and provide new evidence in support of their position. The resolution of the issue of the admissibility of evidence cannot be postponed to the stage of the verdict, since this contradicts the legal nature of the institution of excluding unacceptable evidence and its purposes. The author proposes to include application rules for the exclusion of evidence in the Code of Criminal Procedure at the stage of judicial investigation. The results of the present study contribute to the issue of inadmissible evidence.
Citizens' Rights to Health Protection and Medical Assistance, Guaranteed by Article 41 of the Constitution: Problems of Enforcement
Authors: Фадеева Ольга , Fadeeva Olga
Published: March 2019

The paper reflects the state of the modern healthcare system and various enforcements of the right to medical care guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The right to health, as well as the provision of qualified, free, and timely health care, are among the most important and fundamental human rights. The paper also features some key enforcement problems concerning the right to health protection and medical care, guaranteed by Article 41 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, e.g. a lack of medical personnel, untimely provision of the first aid, and insufficient financing in the health care system. The article also considers the causes and consequences of "staff shortages" in Russian hospitals, employment of medical graduates, and financial support of young medical specialists. The author analyzes the equipment status of medical organizations in 2018 and 2016, voices the problem of optimization in healthcare institutions by reducing the inpatient level and expanding outpatient clinics, and offers statistics of complaints to the Department of Public Health on quality and timeliness of medical care. The author believes that the enforcement of the right of citizens guaranteed by Article 41 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation can be characterized as very low, which indicates the pretentiousness of the law.
Estresse e correlatos com características de saúde e sociodemográficas de estudantes de medicina
Authors: da Costa Anacleto-Estrela Yoshyara , Costa Rezende Ariany Cibelle , Ferreira-Guedes Anderson , De Oliveira Pereira Charlene , Nunes Alves de-Sousa Milena
Published: March 2019

Introdução: O estresse é uma resposta inespecífica do organismo mediante uma pressão exercida sobre ele, suas reações fisiológicas são chamadas de “síndrome de adaptação geral”, dividida em três fases: alerta, resistência e exaustão. Objetivo: Analisar as fases do estresse e seus correlatos com características de saúde e demográficas de estudantes de medicina de uma faculdade do interior da Paraíba. Método: Pesquisa de caráter descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, teve como cenário de estudo uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) localizada no sertão paraibano. A amostra foi composta por 138 alunos do curso de Medicina da IES. Resultados: 21,02% dos acadêmicos não apresentam estresse e 78,98% apresentam: 0,72% encontram-se na fase de alerta; 61,59% na de resistência; 16,67% na de exaustão. Correlacionando os fatores de saúde e sociodemográficos, constatou-se que os alunos do sexo feminino, sem bolsa de estudo, que pensam em desistir do curso, tomam medicamento e que não procuram tratamento psicológico possuem maiores pontuações de estresse nas fases de resistência e exaustão. Conclusão: É necessário incorporar estratégias, como serviços de apoio psicológico, que possibilitem aos acadêmicos a lidar com essa realidade de forma adaptativa, valorizando e reconhecendo seus limites.
Pielonefritis xantogranulomatosa en pediatría
Authors: Alvarez-Cuartas Stepffanía , Muñoz-Echeverri María Carolina , Arias-Restrepo Luis Fernando , Baquero-Rodríguez Richard
Published: March 2019

La pielonefritis xantogranulomatosa es una variante atípica, severa y poco frecuente de una forma crónica de pielonefritis, que puede ocurrir a cualquier edad. En niños está generalmente asociada a malformaciones urológicas congénitas como obstrucción de las vías urinarias. Se describe el caso de un paciente de un año con episodios febriles recurrentes en quien, tras el tratamiento fallido de una pionefrosis y después de descartar múltiples diagnósticos diferenciales, se decide realizar nefreureterectomía izquierda, considerando clínicamente una pielonefritis antogranulomatosa, la cual fue confirmada por estudio histopatológico.
Weighing economic values against societal needs: questioning the roles of valuing water in practice
Authors: Hellegers Petra , van Halsema Gerardo
Published: March 2019

The increasing policy interest in valuing water raises questions about practical roles or applications. Is valuing water intended, for example, to inform public policy and businesses, guide resource allocation, support a multi-stakeholder process, manage conflicts of interest, or to inform realistic pricing systems and support investment decisions? Decisions affecting water often fail, however, to consider ecosystem needs and social objectives and impacts in other geographical areas. This paper reflects on the essence of valuing water in practice. The paper concludes that in practice, valuing water is indeed useful in decision-making, not solely in the sense of it contributing to the value determination (as values are typically disputed, partial, incommensurable and imperfect), but more in offering a structured and transparent mechanism that supports an inclusive stakeholder water resources management process. Water valuation can play a key role in making explicit the trade-offs intrinsic to decision-making and priority setting, especially when it concerns societal needs such as food security and stability, which are not revealed in the marketplace. As such, valuing water may be a key tool in water diplomacy, whereby its value lies not so much in its numerical assessment as in the process it offers to engage stakeholders across different perspectives and interests in water use.
Phenomenon of a single cause of the cluster-dipole nature of the observability of the area of hydrophysical disturbances from a submarine moving object by a laser beam and radar signal
Authors: Polenin Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: March 2019

Relationships of cause and effect which are the cornerstone of the phenomenon of observability of area of hydrophysical indignations from an underwater moving object, including its exit to a sea surface when lighting the area in the thickness of water by a laser beam and radiation of the sea surface over an object with a radar station signal are described in the article. In the stationary marine environment the laser beam creates a backscattering signal of a fixed level. In the area of hydrodynamic indignations from an underwater moving object the signal of a backscattering of variable brightness to the relevant structure and level of indignations is seen. The similar phenomenon of a backscattering of the electromagnetic radiation of radar station that creates glare effects on the screen of radar station in a zone of an exit of hydrodynamic indignations is observed on a water surface. It is shown that these phenomenons have similar nature caused by the change of dimensional orientation of dipoles of molecules and liquid crystals clusters of water in the field of the hydrodynamic indignations accompanying the moving of an underwater object. Establishing of this characteristic, in case of its confirmation by test data, meets the requirements of qualification of opening.
The model of the course «The conception of modern natural science»
Authors: Krishtopa Andrej Nikolaevich
Published: March 2019

There is discussion of preconditions for updating of course «Concept of modern natural science» for humanitarian specialties in higher education in the article. It is proposed model of course, which includes names of structural elements of the program of the course. The article describes the course, which allows to provide description of natural science picture of the world that will allow to form a general cultural competence in humanitarian specialties students.
Patients' view on the emergency medical services (based on the questionnaire)
Authors: Suldin Aleksandr Mikhailovich , Salmanov Yunus Magomedovich , Brynza Natalia Semenovna
Published: March 2019

The main aim of the article is to analyze the opinions on the round-the-clock emergency services by the residents of Surgut. Questionnaires for the survey in total number of 7000 units were used as the research material. The article offers the patients' opinions on round-the-clock emergency medical teams. The authors introduce the main reasons that make people address to emergency medical services, render the results, based on the questionnaire and offer methods to improve the efficiency of emergency medical services.
Normatywność usytuowana. Ujęcie ekologiczne
Authors: Wachowski Witold
Published: March 2019

W artykule rozważa się, na ile normatywność jest usytuowana w ludzkich ekosystemach biologicznych i kulturowych, z naciskiem na rolę artefaktów. Podstawowe pytanie dotyczy tego, czy afordancje – różnie konceptualizowane – mogą mieć charakter normatywny. Tekst krótko wprowadza do ekologii poznawczej oraz psychologii ekologicznej, po czym przedstawia możliwość zastosowania klasycznej teorii afordancji do normatywności wraz z krytyką, a następnie – próbę modyfikacji tego ujęcia przez odwołanie się do afordancji społecznych i kulturowych. Przegląd ten i płynące z niego wnioski uzupełniono oryginalną propozycją wzbogacenia badań nad normatywnością afordancji o analizę ich struktur oraz roli projektowania interakcji człowiek–artefakt.
Identyfikacja wartości na drodze aksjologii semiologiczno-ikonograficznej
Authors: Szajda Mariusz
Published: March 2019

Celem niniejszego studium jest zwrócenie uwagi na płaszczyznę aksjologiczną interpretacji dzieła sztuki wizualnej. Wyróżnienie tej sfery staje się możliwe dzięki zastosowaniu odpowiedniej metody, która umożliwia identyfikację wartości w przestrzeni danego dzieła. Innowacyjnym wymiarem prezentowanych treści jest opracowanie metody polegającej na wyodrębnianiu wartości na drodze aksjologii semiologiczno-ikonograficznej. Pozwala ona nie tylko odkryć treść samego dzieła, jego znaczenie, całe bogactwo symboli, alegorii czy metafor, ale przede wszystkim zidentyfikować wartości, w tym tak istotne dla ludzkiej egzystencji wartości moralne i religijne.
Performatywność języka a powinność moralna
Authors: Rozmarynowska Karolina
Published: March 2019

Przedmiotem rozważań podjętych w artykule jest rola języka w tworzeniu powinności moralnej. W nawiązaniu do klasycznej teorii aktów mowy J. Austina i J. Searle’a, autorka, na przykładzie czynności obiecywania, bada, na czym polega „powinnościorodna” moc słów. Zastanawia się również, jakie warunki muszą zostać spełnione, aby określona wypowiedź nakładała na jej autora moralne zobowiązanie. Przeprowadzone analizy, obejmujące również stanowisko krytyczne wobec koncepcji Searle’a, ujawniają ograniczenia, jakie wynikają z tezy, mówiącej, że to język tworzy powinność. Odwołując się do funkcji performatywnej, jaką pełni język, możemy wyjaśnić jedynie przedmiotowy wymiar obietnicy. Zrozumienie jej podmiotowego źródła wymaga zajęcia odmiennej perspektywy badawczej.
DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHMIC SUPPORT AND A DEDICATED DEVICE FOR IMAGING THE INTERNAL ORGANS OF THE PATIENT ACCORDING TO MRI AND CT SCANNERS
Authors: Sirota E. S. , Truphanov M. I.
Published: March 2019

In work the algorithm of restoration of the images damaged as a result of influence of noise of various nature is considered. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing approaches, as well as the prospects of using artificial neural networks, are noted. A double-layer neural network is used as an image restoration tool, and it is assumed that the location of the damaged pixels is known. A neuron is represented as a 3x3 array, where each element of the array has a pixel color value that corresponds to the value of that color in the palette. The neural network is trained on intact images, while the color difference of pixels acts as a learning criterion. For a more accurate restoration, it is recommended at the training stage to select images similar in color to damaged ones. At the recovery stage, neurons (3x3) are formed around the damaged pixels, so that the damaged pixel is located in the middle of the neuron data array. The damaged pixel is assigned a neuron value depending on the average value of the weights matrix. An algorithm for the restoration of pixels, as well as its software implementation. The simulation was carried out in the RGB palette separately for each channel. To assess the quality of the recovery were selected groups of images with varying degrees of damage. Unlike existing solutions, the algorithm has the simplicity of implementation. The  research results show that regardless of the degree of damage (within 50%), about 70% of damaged pixels are restored. Further studies suggest a modification of the algorithm to restore images with enlarged areas of damage, as well as adapting it to restore three-dimensional images.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan kognitif pada lansia obesitas di Indonesia
Authors: Samodra Yoseph Leonardo , Rahmawati Neni Trilusiana , Sumarni Sumarni
Published: March 2019

Background: Elderly (>60 years old) population is growing in Indonesia. It is important to prevent degradation of cognitive capacity by risk factor identification and treatment.Objective: To identify the relationship between anthropometric status and cognitive capacity on elderly population.Method: This is an analysis of The Fifth Wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS5) data with cross-sectional design. Anthropometric status is consisted of: body weight, body height, body mass index (BMI), knee height, upper arm length, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Cognitive capacity is measured by modified telephone survey of cognitive status (TICS). Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney test are used for bivariate analysis, logistic regression is used for multivariate analysis.Results: Variables with significant relationship to cognitive capacity are body weight (p=0.0002), body height (p=0.0001), knee height (p=0.0387), upper arm length (p=0.0114), age (p=0.011), sex (p=0.014), and history of hypercholesterolemia (p=0.003). Logistic regression shows that body height, age, and history of hypercholesterolemia are simultaneously affecting cognitive capacity.Conclusion: There is significant relationship between body height, body weight, upper arm length, knee height, and cognitive capacity on elderly population with obesity.
Efek kombinasi vitamin B1, B6, B12 untuk menurunkan intensitas nyeri pada penderita neuropatik diabetes
Authors: Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim , Jesisca Jesisca
Published: March 2019

Background: Neuropathy diabetic pain are common symptom in patient with diabetic melitus. The combination of vitamin B1, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 usually used for treatment the pain, the result of previous studies are limited and conflicting.Objective: The aim of the study to measure the convering of intensity of pain in diabetic neuropathy.Method: The method of study using quase experimental design with pre and post treatment patient were selected by conservative sampling method from Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta. There are 68 patient diabetic neuropathy to follow in the study. Fact patient received combination of vitamin B1 100 mg, vitamin B6 100 mg, and vitamin B12 5000 mcg once a day for 3 month. Pain intensity measured using visual analog scale (VAS) on the first initial visited after 30th day and 90th day.Results: The 68 patient consist of 27 (39.7%) male and 41 (60.3%) women. The mean age 58.32±6.72 years. The mean duration of Diabetic 4.32±2.86 year. The study showed that the pain intensity lower significantly after received vitamin B (p<0.001). The mean pain intensity in first VAS 43.68±12.32 lower to 20.42±11.24 and in the end of study lower to 12.23±8.39.Conclusion: The combination of vitamin B1, B6, B12 significantly lower pain intensity of patient diabetic neuropathy.
Hyphomycetes Acuáticos en Chile: estudio en el Estero de Limache; un afluente del Río Aconcagua
Authors: Piontelli E. , Toro M. A. , Manríquez J.
Published: March 2019

Mediante toma de muestras seriadas efectuadas en el transcurso de un año, se estudia la presencia de Hyphomycetes acuáticos aplicando la técnica de filtrado de las aguas según el método de lqbal y Webster (1973).Se contabilizaron los conidios de hongos acuáticos y algunos terrestres, junto a las diatomeas retenidas en los filtros, analizando cualitativa y cuantitativamente los resultados con algunas variables del medio ambiente tales como: Oxígeno disuelto, Nitratos, Amonios, Temperatura, Pluviosidad y efectos estacionales.Se detectaron formas conidiales correspondientes a 13 géneros y 20 especies de Hyphomycetes acuáticos. Las especies dominantes fueron: Alatospora acuminata lngold, Flagellospora penicillioides lngold, Tetracladium marchalianum de Wild, Trisc       ophorus monosporus lngold y Triscelophorus sp. C.
Implementasi Mobile Gis Pemetaan Objek Wisata Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Meileni Hetty , Apriyanti Desy , Choirudin Choirudin
Published: March 2019

Provinsi Sumatera Selatan sejak berabad yang lalu dikenal juga dengan sebutan Bumi Sriwijaya, pada abad ke-7 hingga abad ke-12 Masehi wilayah ini merupakan pusat kerajaan Sriwijaya yang juga terkenal dengan kerajaan maritim terbesar dan terkuat di Nusantara. Provinsi Sumatera Selatan banyak memiliki tujuan wisata yang menarik untuk dikunjungi seperti Sungai Musi, Jembatan Ampera, Pulau Kemaro, Danau Ranau, Kota Pagaralam dan lain-lain. Melihat pesatnya perkembangan dunia pariwisata yang tidak selaras dengan informasi yang tersedia, karena media dan informasi objek wisata yang disebarkan dirasa masih kurang terutama dalam hal pemetaan objek wisatanya dengan pendekatan teknologi diharapkan informasi mengenai pemetaan objek wisata yang berada di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan ini bisa tersampaikan dengan mudah kepada masyarakat luas terutama wisatawan. Hal ini, dapat direalisasikan dengan membangun suatu aplikasi mobile GIS (Geografis Information System) pemetaan Objek wisata Provinsi Sumatera Selatan sehingga dapat diakses melalui website dan mobile phone dengan menggunakan sistem operasi android, iOS dan windows.
Pengukuran Kualitas Sistem Informasi Website Alumni Menggunakan Metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA
Authors: Santiari Ni Putu Linda , Rahayuda I Gede Surya
Published: March 2019

Website alumni merupakan suatu website yang dirancang khusus untuk dapat membantu alumni dan mahasiswa, kepuasan alumni dan mahasiswa sebagai stakeholder merupakan bagian yang penting bagi perguruan tinggi, tata kelola website alumni yang baik perlu dilakukan. Website terkadang mengalami gangguan misalnya sistem yang down, erorr saat melakukan registrasi, dan kehilangan data. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui harapan dan penilaian pengguna terhadap kualitas Website alumni, serta idikator yang harus ditingkatkan untuk mendukung peningkatan kualitas Website alumni. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) berdasarkan indikator WebQual 4.0. Kuesioner disebarkan kepada 161 responden alumni  pada perguruan tinggi, serta melakukan wawancara kepada Bagian kemahasiswaan serta bagian pengembangan  Sistem Informasi. Hasil dari pemetaan diagram IPA, kuadran I diisi oleh indikator website menyampaikan rasa kompetensi (dapat Diperoleh setiap saat), website menyediakan informasi dengan detail, dan pengguna merasa aman terhadap informasi pribadinya (informasi tidak pernah hilang atau berubah), tiga indikator tersebut harus menjadi konsentrasi Bagian Pengembangan  Sistem Informasi untuk melakukan perbaikan pada Website alumni.
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells in renal transplantation
Authors: Borovkova N. V. , Khubutiya M. Sh. , Rzhevskaya O. N. , Pinchuk A. V. , Vasil’chenkov D. A.
Published: March 2019

Kidney transplantation is the most effective treatment for the end-stage chronic renal disease that has been observed to increase in the incidence consistently in recent years. Despite the achievements in immunosuppressive therapy in patients after renal transplantation, the graft survival length has remained unchangeable during the recent few decades. Bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal (stromal) stem cells (BM MMSCs) are known as a potential tool to influence this situation. Since their discovery in the middle of the XX century, their wide therapeutic potential in the transplantation of solid organs was demonstrated both in experimental and clinical trials. They have the ability to modify recipient’s immune response and improve postoperative course, however, having a low level of their own immunogenicity. MMSCs realize their properties through interactions both with the innate and adoptive immune system. Meanwhile, actual questions such as an optimal dosage and injection timing are still need answers. Actual experience of both experimental and clinical use of MMSCs in kidney transplantation has been analyzed in the present publication.
Experience of using vascularized bone grafts to treat nonunion fractures and limb bone defects
Authors: Nevedrov A. V. , Shibayev E. Yu. , Kalenskiy V. O. , Zadneprovskiy N. N. , Shishkin V. B. , Sharifullin F. A. , Tsoy O. A. , Lazarev M. P. , Ivanov P. A. , Rybinskaya A. L.
Published: March 2019

Background.Vascular bone graft transposition is the one of most effective method of nonunion fracture and bone defect treatment. However, the use of this technique is associated with some difficulties. One is the adjustment of recipient bed size and the graft. The other is the difficulty to reconstruct the alignment and length of bone. A promising method of preparing for the vascular bone graft transposition is virtual three-dimensional planning based on computed tomography data and three-dimensional printing templates.

The aimwas to summarize our experience in the treatment of bone nonunion and defects with vascular bone autografts using tree-dimensional virtual planning and printing.

Material and methods.We analyzed the treatment process and outcomes of 4 patients with limb bone nonunion and 6 patients with bone defects. In all cases, we used vascular bone grafts. Internal fixation of grafts was used in 7 cases, external fixation was used in 3 cases. At preparation stage in 4 cases, we used tree-dimensional virtual surgery planning and printing templates.

Results.One case was diagnosed with bone graft necrosis caused by venous thrombosis. Consolidation was achieved in all patients; a late consolidation was observed in 2 cases. Hematoma in donor area was seen in 2 patients. When using three-dimensional virtual planning and tree-dimensional printing templates, the operation time was decreased by 1 hour 5 minutes. We identified two cases of poor reposition in the group without virtual planning. No poor reposition was observed in the cases where tree-dimensional planning was used.

Conclusion.Vascularized bone grafts provide an effective method to treat bone defects and nonunion. But the planning of graft and recipient site sizes is associated with certain difficulties. Our preliminary results have shown that virtual three-dimensional planning and printing allow improving the precision of the surgical procedure and decreasing operative time.
Peranan Biaya Kualitas dalam Mendukung Pengendalian Kualitas Produk pada UD. Mutiara Rasa Jember
Authors: Rizka Isnay Jannatur
Published: March 2019

Penelitian mengenai Peranan Biaya Kualitas Dalam Mendukung Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Pada UD. Mutiara Rasa Jember merupakan studi kasus pada perusahaan. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai yaitu untuk mengetahui Laporan Biaya Kualitas dalam mendukung Pengendalian Kualitas Produk pada UD. Mutiara Rasa Jember. Metode penelitian laporan data yang digunakan dengan cara mengidentifikasi biaya-biaya untuk menyusun laporan biaya kualitas. Dari hasil laporan biaya kualitas yang diperoleh informasi bahwa biaya kualitas total besarnya berbeda dan cenderung menurun terhadap presentase penjualan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa usaha peningkatan kualitas, dari pada melakukan kesalahan atau pengerjaan ulang lebih baik melakukan tindakan-tindakan pencegahan untuk mdenghindari kualitas rendah. Sehingga perusahaan dapat meningkatkan atau mempertahankan kepuasan konsumen
Analisis Perlakuan Akuntansi Zakat pada Lembaga Amil Zakat Baitul Maal Hidayatullah (BMH) Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Mayangsari Imas Novita , Puspitasari Dania
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlakuan akuntansi pengelolaan zakat pada Lembaga Amil Zakat BMH Kabupaten Bondowoso. BMH sebagai entitas ekonomi lembaga pengelolaan zakat membutuhkan suatu standart0akuntansi baku untuk pencatatan, pengukuran, dan penyajian laporan keuangannya.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisa deskriptif yaitu penerapan laporan keuangan yang meliputi analisis0terhadap pengakuan, pengukuran, pengungkapan dan pelaporanya. Hal ini dilakukan karena sampai saat ini belum terdapat standar akuntansi untuk lembaga amil zakat yang dikelola oleh lembaga tersebut. Hasil penelitian0ini dapat diungkapakan bahwa saat ini penerapan akuntansi di BMH Kabupaten Bondowoso masih belum menerapkan akuntansi zakat sesuai dengan yang ditetapkan oleh PSAK No.109 dalam hal pelaporan keuangannya
The Improvement Of Student Learning Outcomes At SMKN 5 Jember
Authors: Widhyawati Yayuk , Dimyati Muhammad , Sulaksono Hary
Published: March 2019

The quality of education in a school, one of which can be seen from the learning outcomes of its students. Student learning outcomes at SMKN 5 Jember can be measured from four factors, such as: learning environment, teacher competency, learning method and student absorption in receiving lessons. Based on the explanation above, the formulation of the problem in this study is how is the influence of the learning environment, teacher competency, learning methods and student absorption in receiving lessons on student learning outcomes at SMKN 5 Jember. This study aims to examine whether there is an influence of /the learning environment, teacher competence, learning methods and student absorption in receiving lessons on student learning outcomes at SMKN 5 Jember. The population of this study were students of SMKN 5 Jember 2017/2018 academic year. In this study, researchers will use accidental sampling. Accidental sampling is a chance-based sample determination technique, that anyone who happens to meet with a researcher can be used as a sample, if it is seen by someone who happens to be a suitable data source. In this study, researchers took a sample of 30 respondents, because this study uses multiple linear regression analysis SPSS version 16 application. Based on data analysis shows that the learning environment has a significant effect on student learning outcomes at SMKN 5 Jember. Whereas teacher competency, learning method and student absorption in accepting lessons do not give effect to student learning outcomes at SMKN 5 Jember.
PENENTUAN FASILITAS SANITASI BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI SANTRI DI TAHFIDZ QUR’AN MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH (MTS) ASSALAM KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Rusmaya Deni , Rochaeni Anni , Dewi Nike Purnama
Published: March 2019

Kegiatan yang melibatkan sanitasi di pondok pesantren merupakan hal yang harus diperhatikan agar kualitas kesehatan dan lingkungan tersebut tetap terjaga dengan baik. Salah satu pondok pesantren yang memiliki santri relatif banyak di Bandung adalah Tahfidz Qur’an Madrasah Tsanawihyah (MTS) Assalam. Pemeliharaan kesehatan dan lingkungan di MTS Assalam harus disertai dengan perencanaan dengan fasilitas kesehatan yang baik. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk merencanakan fasilitas sanitasi berdasarkan persepsi santri di Pondok Pesantren Tahfidz Qur’an MTS Assalam, Kota Bandung. Metode yang digunakan adalah menyebarkan kuisioner terhadap responden, yaitu santri, berjumlah 72 orang. Hasil survey ini memperlihatkan bahwa dominasi persepsi santri (71%) terhadap fasilitas penanganan air limbah tergolong resiko sedang, terhadap drainase paling dominan (50%) tergolong resiko rendah, terhadap pengelolaan sampah dominan (55%) tergolong resiko sedang. Secara keseluruhan, dominasi persepsi santri sebanyak 71% menggolongkan fasilitas sanitasi pada resiko sedang. Dari persepsi tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlu ditingkatkan kondisi sanitasi di Pondok Pesantren Tahfidz Qur’an MTS Assalam dengan merencanakan fasilitasnya dengan baik secara kuantitas dan kualitas.
Pneumatic Muscle: Heat and Mass Transfer in the Cylindrical Membrane
Authors: Efremova K. D. , Pilgunov V. N. , Shablovskyi A. S.
Published: March 2019

A pneumatic muscle is a one-way reciprocating air motor. It is designed to create apullingforce. The pneumatic muscle return to its initial position is ensured by a reversible strain of its shell. The pneumatic muscle is based on the cylindrical membrane with a rigid bottom and a cover. The membrane cord is formed during the process of cross-spiral weaving from the super-hard synthetic fibers (for example, Kevlar). After the cord has been filled with an elastomer, a strong, deformable and elastic shell is formed. When an overpressure is provided to the internal cavity of the membrane, in a diamond-shaped cell that is formed as a result of weaving cord threads, the tangential diagonal is lengthened and the axial diagonal is shortened simultaneously. Using the pneumatic muscle cord structure of the MAS series produced by FESTO company as an example, we studied a strain of the diamond-shaped cell of the membrane and found the numerical relationships between the value of the pneumatic muscle contraction, the inner diameter of the membrane and the volume of its internal cavity of the pneumatic muscle, which allowed us to develop a mathematical model of an idealized cylindrical membrane in the dynamics of which the strain force of the elastomer that fills the diamond-shaped cell was not taken into account. The paper shows that the cylindrical membrane used in the pneumatic muscle should be considered as a thermodynamic system with full or partial heat and mass transfer. Also discusses the special aspects of using pneumatic muscles in engineering systems as applied to the type of a thermodynamic process. The study of the air movement features in throttling openings of control and management devices, as well as the changes in the state of compressed air during heat and mass transfer allowed us to estimate a length of the transient process in the pneumatic muscle that works as part of the pneumatic load positioning system. The results of the performed studies expand opportunities for predicting the pneumatic muscle dynamics at the design stage of the pneumatic control system, as well as during its operation.