bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Preoperative Pulmonary Rehabilitation Including Intensive Nutritional Support Reduces the Postoperative Morbidity Rate of Sarcopenia-Related Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Harada Hiroaki , Takahama Miho , Nakao Junichi , Yamashita Yoshinori , Taniyama Kiyomi
Published: September 2021

Since surgical resection is the treatment of choice for localized lung cancer, it is important to develop an effective strategy to reduce the risk of postoperative complications caused by poor preoperative conditions. We prospectively implemented a comprehensive preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation (CHPPR) program that includes intensive nutritional support with branched-chain amino acids and herbal medicine supplementation concomitant with potential high-intensity physical therapy through an interdisciplinary team approach. This study aimed to evaluate whether CHPPR is beneficial for elderly, low body weight (percentage ideal body weight <90%) patients scheduled to undergo lung surgery. Between 2006 and 2015, 171 patients aged >70 years underwent standard lobectomy for lung cancers. Of these, 12 patients with a low body weight (sarcopenia-related, Group A) and 62 patients without a low body weight (sarcopenia-unrelated, Group B) underwent surgery after CHPPR. Twenty-four patients with a low body weight (sarcopenia-related, Group C) and 73 patients without a low body weight (sarcopenia-unrelated, Group D) refused CHPPR. The postoperative morbidity rates of patients in Groups A, B, C, and D were 17%, 16%, 63%, and 21%, respectively. Of the patients in the sarcopenia-related groups (Groups A and C), those who participated in the CHPPR program (Group A) had a significantly lower morbidity rate than those who did not participate in the CHPPR program (Group C) (P = 0.014). The CHPPR program is beneficial in reducing the postoperative morbidity rate of sarcopenia-related patients scheduled to undergo pulmonary resection.
The Effects of Heel Lifts on Dynamic Measures of Gait and Static Posture in Individuals with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Uno Sarah , Jusko Elizabeth , Roderos Breanna , D. Hastings Jennifer
Published: September 2021

This study expands upon the Hastings et al (2018) study on the use of heel lifts to change static postural alignment in persons with Parkinson's Disease (PD) and further explores whether the use of heel lifts provide improvements in dynamic gait parameters, Timed Up and Go (TUG) scores, and balance confidence. Outcome measures were taken with and without the heel lifts in place, at two data collection dates. Photographs were analyzed for postural alignment measures using ImageJ software and video was analyzed for gait and turning parameters utilizing the Dite and Temple scale. The Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale was collected at baseline and after two weeks of heel lift use, otherwise outcome measures were performed in the reverse order on the first and second session to account for ordering, practice, and fatigue effects. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests for outcome measures and Pearson product correlation between the degree of plantarflexion contracture and ABC scale and overall balance confidence and fall history. We found that head tilt angle and turn time significantly improved (p = .037) (p = .002) with use of heel lifts. Turn time correlated to overall balance confidence (r = -.802, p = .000) and overall balance confidence correlated to fall history (r = -.501, p = .041). This study showed that accommodating a lack of ankle dorsiflexion range of motion with heel lifts significantly improves head tilt angle and decreases turn time as compared to without heel lifts, but has no significant effect on step length, gait speed, or overall TUG score in individuals with PD. Because our work shows that limited range of motion at the ankle contributes to real and perceived balance difficulties healthcare providers working with any population of patients exhibiting balance problems should include this measurement in their assessment and consider intervention with a heel lift when limitations are found.
Increased oxidative stress in allergic rhinitis. Attention; Ruywayda Adams
Authors: Solomons Hilary
Published: September 2021

There is ample evidence that allergic disorders such as asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis are mediated by oxidative stress. Excessive exposure to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is the hallmark of oxidative stress and leads to damage of proteins, lipids and DNA. Oxidative stress occurs not only as a result of inflammation but also from environmental exposure to air pollution and cigarette smoke.
Lupic Outbreak and Covid-19 Pneumonia-Case Report
Authors: Luis Tamayo
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infection that can cause mild symptoms or even death, to patients who suffer from it. It affects all population groups without distinction. Systematic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic and fluctuating autoimmune disease. One of the goals of the treatment is to avoid flare-ups and thereby reduce mortality. Their innate alterations in immunity, added to the use of immunosuppressive drugs to control the disease and prevent outbreaks makes them more vulnerable to develop severe symptoms in SARS-CoV-2 infection. We present the case of a patient with SLE infected by SARS-CoV-2 with a lupus flare during hospitalization, entailing a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
Evaluation of Negative Inotropic Effects of a Isoquinoline Alkaloid N-14
Authors: Jumayev Inoyat Z.
Published: September 2021

In studies, the alkaloid 1-(2-Chloro-4,5-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (N-14) had a negative inotropic effect on the activity of the papillary muscle contraction of the rat heart detected. Ca2+ ions from SR play an important role in the process of contraction of the heart muscle. With this in mind, the negative inotropic effect of the N-14 alkaloid was investigated with the modification of the accumulation processes of Ca2+ ions to SR. To clarify this, we examined the effects of the alkaloid being studied on SERCA2a and RyR2. To do this, the inhibitor of SERCA2a - cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and RyR activator caffeine, which provide the accumulation of Ca2+ ions in SR, were used.
Costs and predictors of early readmissions in patients with Infective Endocarditis. Utilizing the Nationwide Readmission Database
Authors: Zaman Jesan
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: There have been previous studies detailing the variables involved in readmissions in patients with a primary admission diagnosis of infective endocarditis – however those studies were done prior to the 2015 change in AHA guidelines and introduction to ICD-10 codes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, causes, factors, and costs associated with infective endocarditis encounters. METHODS: Utilizing the 2017 national readmission database (NRD), we identified all patients that were admitted with infective endocarditis. These patients were evaluated for the rates, predictors, and costs of unplanned 30 days readmissions. Weighted analysis was performed to obtain nationally representative data. RESULTS: 56,357 patients were identified to have been admitted with a diagnosis of infective endocarditis of whom 13,004 patients (23%) were readmitted within 30 days of the index discharge. The most common causes of readmission were septicemia (15.1%), endocarditis and endocardial disease (10.5%), heart failure (9.5%), and complication of cardiovascular device, implant or graft, initial encounter (5.6%). Data showed that there were certain comorbidities that resulted in a higher risk of being readmitted, these include chronic kidney disease, COPD, tobacco use, and hepatic failure. Cost of readmissions per patient was approximately $22,059 (IQR $11,630 - $49,964). CONCLUSIONS: Thirty-day unplanned readmissions remain a significant issue affecting nearly 1 in 6 patients with infective endocarditis. This is associated with significant mortality and financial burden. Multi-disciplinary approach may help decrease readmissions, reduce complications, and improve overall outcomes as well as the overall quality of life of our patients.
Knowledge and Awareness of Colorectal Cancer among University Students in Oman
Authors: Ranganath Rajani , Al-maamari Lujaina Salim Saud , Al Saidi Amnia Ali Rashid , Al Dujaili Ali Haider Baquer , Al-Fatih Mahmood Mohammed
Published: September 2021

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the top ranked cancers in Oman and the incidences of CRC have been dramatically increasing in recent times. The aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge of CRC and to understand the level of awareness on CRC screening methods among undergraduate medical students.Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Oman among the undergraduate medical students. The study was a survey based on a questionnaire consisting of 27 items that addressed general risk factors, dietary risk factors, signs and symptoms, screening, and prognostic factors of CRC. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22.Results: A total of three hundred and eighty-two (n=382) students from the premedical (45, 11.8%), preclinical (249, 65.2%) and clinical (88, 23.0%) years participated in the survey. In all the five categories, general risk factors, dietary risk factors, signs and symptoms, screening and prognostic factors, the clinical students had better knowledge and awareness compared to the lower academic year students. Conclusion: There was low level of awareness among the premedical students, and had shown increased level of awareness in subsequent academic years. Undergraduate teachings should focus more on factual knowledge, skills, and screening for colon cancer. Students need to actively participate in public awareness about CRC through community programs in order to boost their knowledge. These initiatives by students can bring about changes in society as well.
Genetic Analysis of Children with Dravet Syndrome in a Resourcelimited Setting
Authors: Viravan Sorawit , Meesamarnpong Chutima , Thongnoppakhun Wanna , Chanvanichtrakool Mongkol
Published: September 2021

Objective: To identify the common causal gene mutations in Thai children with the Dravet (DS) phenotype, using single gene analysis.Material and Methods: The study was carried out on 20 DS patients at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Sanger sequencing of the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Alpha Subunit 1 (SCN1A) gene was conducted in all patients. In SCN1A-negative patients, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification of the SCN1A gene was performed in all cases; however, direct sequencing of the Protocadherin-19 (PCDH19) gene was analyzed in girls only.Results: Fourteen (70.0%) DS patients were found to carry pathogenic SCN1A mutations, with 6 novel mutations. In SCN1A-negative patients; 1 of the 4 girl patients (25.0%) had a novel PCDH19 mutation, while none of the 6 patients had a large deletion or duplication in the SCN1A gene.Conclusion: The SCN1A gene is the most common causative mutation in Thai children with DS phenotype. This study emphasizes the benefit of Sanger sequencing of the SCN1A gene in resource-limited countries to aid in making appropriate therapeutic decisions.
New tersilochines from Australia and New Zealand (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Tersilochinae)
Authors: Khalaim A.I.
Published: September 2021

Australochus clypeator gen. et sp. n. from Australia and Zealochus supergranulatus gen. et sp. n. from New Zealand are described.
Cannabis thérapeutique : l’expérience canadienne
Authors: Beaulieu P.
Published: September 2021

Le système cannabinoïde est un ensemble pharmacologique mieux connu aujourd’hui qui pourrait offrir par sa modulation des avenues thérapeutiques intéressantes dans le futur. Au niveau canadien, l’utilisation du cannabis médical a fait l’objet d’une première réglementation mise en place en juillet 2001 suivie de plusieurs autres, la dernière datant de 2016 et concerne le règlement sur l’accès au cannabis à des fins médicales. Au niveau provincial, différents produits du cannabis sont proposés par les producteurs canadiens autorisés par Santé Canada, et leur nombre a récemment dépassé 500. Le cannabis médical « pharmaceutique » est disponible au Canada et peut être prescrit à des patients, notamment le nabiximols et la nabilone. Par ailleurs, une initiative du Collège des médecins du Québec a permis le recrutement de 3 002 patients entre mai 2015 et octobre 2018 afin d’établir un registre (registre Cannabis Québec) où le cannabis a été prescrit pour diverses indications thérapeutiques et sous différentes formes. La légalisation du cannabis au Canada en octobre 2018 ajoute une certaine complexité dans la distinction entre cannabis médical et cannabis récréatif, ce dernier étant en vente libre à la Société québécoise du cannabis. Néanmoins, le cannabis n’est pas encore considéré comme un médicament, et ses indications thérapeutiques sont rares ; le cannabis n’est pas en première ligne de traitement. Les effets indésirables sont fréquents, et le patient doit être suivi régulièrement et les posologies adaptées en fonction de la tolérance. Des études cliniques sont encore nécessaires afin de préciser les indications thérapeutiques du cannabis.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Chronic Venous Ulcers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Taheri Parisa , Shahbandari Morteza , Parvaresh Mehrnoosh , Vahdatpour Babak
Published: September 2021

Background: Chronic venous ulcers (CVUs), demanding specialized care, are still a major socioeconomic problem facing health care systems worldwide. This study’s main goal was evaluating the efficacy of ESWT application as an AT in the treatment of wounds for curing CVUs. Materials and Methods: 50 patients presenting with CVUs were divided into two groups of ESWT and control randomly. Then, ESWT was applied one session per week, during four weeks, along with routine CB. The control group also received sham ESWT together with CB. In this respect, pain score, wound size, patient satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) using the Charing Cross Venous Ulcer Questionnaire (CCVUQ) were consequently assessed at baseline, week four, and week eight and then compared between both groups. Results: The findings showed that patients receiving ESWT along with CB had significantly lower pain and were also feeling more satisfied than the cases undergoing CB alone (P<0.05). The significant efficiency of ESWT in improving the healing process of CVUs was further observed (P<0.05). In addition, QoL, assessed by the CCVUQ, was significantly higher in patients receiving ESWT (P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings established that ESWT was a feasible and safe option to treat patients presenting with CVUs in another word, ESWT seems to be a safe and effective adjunct therapy (AT) compared with CB in patients with CVUs. [GMJ.2021;10:e1931]
Vandalism as Symbolic Reparation
Authors: Selejan Ileana L.
Published: September 2021

The 2018 anti-government protests in Nicaragua generated a vast amount of photographic imagery, video documentation, and visual graphics. On the street and via social media, everyday citizens engaged with this material, activating a multisensory environment. The production of visual content was nonetheless accompanied by iconoclastic gestures; vandalism became a means of reclaiming Nicaragua’s revolutionary past and its symbols, while deploying them towards the making of a yet to be imagined political future. Drawing on examples from Chile and Mexico, the article argues that acts of vandalism may be understood as symbolically reparative. The materiality of the protests, manifested through image, trace, gesture, and sound (slogans, chants, noise) becomes a means towards analysing, ethnographically, revolutionary imaginaries caught within the flux of an unsettled present.
Beyond Oracular Ambiguity
Authors: Almqvist Olaf
Published: September 2021

In studies of ancient Greek divination, oracles are often claimed to pronounce ambiguous but true statements within an intricately ordered cosmos. There exist, however, several problematic exceptions. In Book 2 of theIliad, Zeus deliberately deceives Agamemnon through a prophetic dream; Hesiod’s Muses speak truths or lies depending on their mood; and Apollo’s utterances can harm as easily as help. The possibility of divine deceit forces us to reconsider the ontological assumptions within which early Greek divination was understood to operate. Adopting Philippe Descola’s concept of ‘analogism’, I argue that rather than a means of reading the cosmos, early Greek divination resembles more an act of diplomacy, an attempt to establish successful communication with supernatural beings within an always potentially fragmented world.
Status of development and planning activities on CANS in Korea
Authors: Lee Chang-Hee , Moon Myungkook , Lee Dong Won , Kim Han Sung , Kwon Hyeok-Jung , Lee Pilsoo , Kim Dong Soo , Seo Hyo Jung , Hong Bong Hwan , Lee Hee-Seock , Bakhtiari Mahdi
Published: September 2021

This report reviews the overall status of the development and planning activities of compact accelerator-based neutron sources in Korea. For the last decade, the demand for the technology development and application of CANS has significantly increased, and becomes widely accepted by the science, engineering and industry sectors. Since the first technical workshop focused on CANS under the support of the Korea Nuclear Society in fall 2016, there have been numerous efforts to launch projects by several groups. Although unsuccessful, two CANS projects were newly launched in 2020. One is the 30-MeV cyclotron-based neutron source for industrial neutron imaging at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), and the other is the BNCT technology development at the Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences. A project proposal for an expansion of the proton LINAC facility at KAERI to 200 MeV for semiconductor irradiation testing through the produced neutron field is now almost complete and will be submitted to the government funding agency for review. The CANS project for BNCT based on the proton LINAC developed by the Dawonsys consortium is briefly described. The new neutron source based on electron LINAC is prepared by the Pohang Light Source laboratory, and the initial consideration and application targets are also described. A new strategic plan for national R&D on radiation technology and the enforcement of its infrastructure is still under way, and a more systematic approach to the development and application of neutron sources will be implemented through the strategic planning.
An Apple Watch Dashboard for HiGHmed Heart Insufficency Patients
Authors: Smieszek Magdalena , Kindermann Aljoscha , Amr Ali , Meder Benjamin , Dieterich Christoph
Published: September 2021

Wearables are commercially available devices allowing continuous monitoring of users’ health parameters. Their easy availability, increasing accuracy and functionality render them relevant for medical practice, specifically for longitudinal monitoring. There are clear benefits for the health care system, such as the opportunity of timely interventions by monitoring a patient during his daily life, resulting in a cost reduction in medical care and improved patient well-being. However, some tools are essential to enable the application of wearables in medical daily practice. For example, there is a need for software solutions that allow clinicians to quickly and easily analyze data from devices of their patients. The goal of this study was to develop a dashboard for physicians, which allows rapid data interpretation of longitudinal data from the Apple Watch. The prototype dashboard is an interactive web-based visualization platform utilizing Plotly. The dashboard displays the most important parameters like heart rate, steps per day, activity, exercise collected by the Apple Watch in a user-friendly and accessible way. Clear visualization makes it easy to identify trends or deviations in the data and see how these changes in daily behaviour affect patients’ health. Our software is a key component to monitor patients with heart failure who participate in the HiGHmed use case cardiology project.
FORENSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF VIOLENT CRIMES COMMITTED ON THE GROUNDS OF RACIAL, NATIONAL OR RELIGIOUS INTOLERANCE, AND ITS CONNECTION WITH THE SUBJECT OF PROOF
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Borovyk Anna
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the concept of forensic characterization of violent crimes committed on the basis of racial, national and religious intolerance, and its main structural elements that are most important in the detection and investigation of crimes in this category. It is noted that the forensic characterization of crimes is a system of general data, information or information about typical features (structural elements) of a certain type of crime, which are important in the investigation and detection of criminal offenses of a particular type. Among the most important elements that are important during the pre-trial investigation of this category of crimes, we have identified the following: the identity of the offender, with his mental activity, which includes a special motive for committing a criminal offense - intolerance; the person of the victim; the subject of criminal encroachment; the manner of committing the crime in the broadest sense; trace picture. The article reveals the concept of the subject of proof and emphasizes that it fully covers Article 91 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, concerning the general procedure for proving in the investigation of violent crimes committed on the grounds of racial, national and religious intolerance. Emphasis is placed on the fact that among criminals who commit violent crimes on the grounds of racial, national or religious intolerance, there are minors, which is why, along with the general circumstances covered by Article 91 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, are subject to the establishment in criminal proceedings of circumstances that relate directly to minors and provided for in Article 485 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. The article examines the relationship between the forensic characterization and the subject of evidence, and substantiates that the forensic characterization serves as an information base for the circumstances that are part of the subject of proof.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL PRINCIPLES OF PRACTICAL TRAINING OF APPLICANTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS WITH SPECIFIC TRAINING CONDITIONS REALIZING POLICE TRAINING
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Merdova Olha , Shulga Marуna ,   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of administrative and legal regulation of practical training of applicants for higher education in higher education institutions with specific training conditions that train police officers. Today, practical training is an integral part of the educational process, which allows to ensure the acquisition of competencies and program learning outcomes provided by educational and professional programs. Based on the analysis of the Regulations on practical training of students and cadets of higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the authors have identified problematic issues of organization and conduct of various types of practical training. It is concluded that the existing mechanism of practical training of this category of persons and its normative expression needs to be improved, as it does not meet the needs of today, contains provisions that contradict other regulations, outdated terminology, does not take into account the organization of the educational process at the present stage of development. departmental education, etc. In addition, the draft Regulation on the practical training of applicants for higher education in higher education institutions with specific training conditions for the training of specialists for the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and the National Police of Ukraine is being studied and is currently being discussed. The authors conclude that its provisions are unconditionally progressive, but make specific proposals to improve the proposed organizational and legal framework. In particular, it is proposed to specify the purpose of practical training, the mechanism of its organization for applicants for higher education by correspondence, persons studying under the program “2 years cadet - 1 year student», the order and grounds for involvement in public safety and order, clear determined their status, given the lack of specification of the rights and responsibilities of this category of persons in such activities.
INFLUENCE OF TOBACCO INTOXICATION ON VEGETATIVE REGULATION OF CARDIAC ACTIVITY IN MEN ONCE TOBACCO SMOKING
Authors: Hait N. , Sizova V.A. , Sarchuk E.V.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results obtained by studying the effect of a single cigarette smoking in men of different ages on heart rate variability. We analyzed the parameters of heart rate variability of 40 men aged 18 to 45 years with different lengths of smoking using the FAZAGRAF® software and hardware complex. It was found that in men with little smoking years after a single smoking of a cigarette, a significant centralization of heart rhythm control, tension in regulatory mechanisms, and a decrease in the adaptive capabilities of cardiohemodynamics were noted. In male smokers with a smoking history of more than 15 years, an initial examination revealed a predominance of sympathetic tone of the autonomic nervous system. It is proposed to take into account the data obtained necessary for making a forecast of the development of cardiodynamic changes in smokers; when planning diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures.
RISK FACTORS AND MECHANISMS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION DEVELOPMENT IN ATHLETES
Authors: Bondarev S.A. , Smirnov V.V. , Achkasov E.E. , Shishkin A.N. , Hudiakova N.V.
Published: September 2021

Mortality in athletes in 50% of cases is due to cardiovascular disorders, among which a significant role belongs to cardiac arrhythmias, in particular, atrial fibrillation (AF). Therefore, understanding of risk factors for AF in this group of patients is of great importance. In this review, we summarize recent experimental and clinical data on the links between physical activity, arterial hypertension, obesity, disorders of carbohydrate metabolism and AF.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF ST SEGMENT ELEVATION IN ADDITIONAL RIGHT ECG LEADS IN PATIENTS WITH INFERIOR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Glavatskikh K. Yu. , Lukianova I. Yu. , Bulach T.P.
Published: September 2021

The article presents data on the prognostic value of ST segment elevation on an electrocardiogram in additional right chest leads V3R-V4R during the acute period of myocardial infarction in patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction. The study included patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction (n=101) aged 34 to 85 years. Elevation of the ST segment in leads V3R-V4R ≥0.5 mV was observed in 35 patients (35%). It was revealed that the ST segment elevation in the V3R-V4R leads is an unfavorable prognostic sign in terms of the risk of arterial hypotension in the acute period of myocardial infarction, heart rhythm disturbances, and hemodynamically significant sinus bradycardia.
THE EFFECT OF INTRAVENOUS STEM CELLS INJECTION ON THE INDICATORS OF THE ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM OF KIDNEYS OF RATS AFTER APPLICATION OF A BONE DEFECT
Authors: Serkina A.N.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Dysfunction of the kidneys after a bone fracture significantly increases the recovery time of patients, the risk of complications and disability. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells have been used to restore both bone and kidney tissue. Our study was devoted to the study of the effect of stem cells on the processes of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the work of the antioxidant system after bone injury.
Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 120 male white rats weighing from 190 to 225 grams, which were divided into 3 groups: K - control animals, D - animals that were inflicted with a defect in both tibia (TBC), DM - animals that received corrections were injected intravenously allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells. The study was carried out on the 7th, 15th, 30th, 60th and 90th days after the operation. The activity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) was determined by the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activity of the non-enzymatic link of the antioxidant defense was determined by the level of reduced glutathione (GSH).
Results. After the application of the bone defect, there was a significant increase in the level of MDA, as well as a decrease in the level of reduced glutathione. More pronounced changes were observed on the 7th day after the operation. After intravenous injection of stem cells, a faster recovery (from day 7) of the studied parameters took place.
Conclusion. The use of cell therapy after the application of the LBC defect leads to a more rapid restoration of the work of the non-enzymatic link of the antioxidant system and a pronounced decrease in lipid peroxidation.
THE COURSE OF TUBERCULOSIS AND SYPHILIS IN SEVERE HIV-ASSOCIATED IMMUNODEFICIENCY
Authors: Kukurika A.V.
Published: September 2021

The pandemic of HIV infection, tuberculosis and sexually transmitted infections is characterized by the formation of multicomorbid conditions. The coexistence of pathogenetically interrelated and interdependent epidemics of different infections developing in an environment conducive to their spread is described by the term “syndemia”, which can be observed in relation to HIV infection, tuberculosis and syphilis. On the example of clinical observation, the difficulties of managing a rare case of tuberculosis and syphilis against a background of HIV infection are described. Clinical, radiological and laboratory features of this mixed infection are considered. The role of radiological diagnostic methods for the detection of HIV-associated tuberculosis in case of negative results of bacteriological tests are substantiated. The progression of the specific process, opportunistic infections and side effects on combination therapy with severe immunosuppression make the treatment of this category of patients extremely difficult. Due to the increase in the spread of tuberculosis and syphilis among HIV-infected people, close attention should be paid to screening patients at risk of infection. Introduction of effective preventive and anti-epidemic measures is also required. The outlined phased diagnostic process is of practical importance for specialists of various fields.
Analysis of the prevalence of obstetric and gynecological diseases in a large goat breeding enterprise
Authors: Barkova A. , Aliev Ayub , Eroshenko Ekaterina , Sychev Il'ya
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The purpose is to analyze the prevalence of obstetric and gynecological pathologies in a large dairy goat enterprise. Method. Analysis of data from veterinary registers of the enterprise, as well as histological examination of fetal membranes and determination of the biophysical profile of newborn goats were carried out. Results. The results obtained showed different distribution of obstetric and gynecological diseases among the Alpine goats in the conditions of a large industrial enterprise during the year. The results obtained showed that the general level of obstetric-gynecological diseases of goats by months of the year made up from 2.7 % to 100 % of the number of calves taken place with the most favourable conditions for obstetric-gynecological pathologies being June, July and September – 7.8 %, 4.1 % and 2.7 % respectively. A significant increase in the proportion of stillborn goats from their total number to 26.8 % and 26.3 % was observed in August and November, respectively. In winter and late autumn, there is a marked increase in retention of placenta, up to 8–10 %. In late spring and summer there is a seasonal decrease. The average number of goats in calving at this farm is 1.8 ± 0.43 goats with fluctuations by months of the year from 1.4 in January to 2.9 in August. The conducted histological and fetal membrane studies and determination of the biophysical profile of goats' calves showed a wide spread of fetoplacental insufficiency and changes in the placenta structure in the Alpine breed goats in the conditions of a large enterprise. Scientific novelty. The analysis of spread of obstetric-gynecological diseases of the Alpine breed goats in the conditions of the big enterprise has been carried out; the wide spread of fet-placental insufficiency among the uterine population has been confirmed by histological studies and the estimation of the biophysical profile of newborn baby goats.
Comparative analysis of the use of udder treatment agents in the prevention of mastitis and improving the quality of milk in cows
Authors: Larionov Gennadiy , Yatrusheva Elena , Checheneshkina Olesya
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The aim of this study is to study the effectiveness of the use of various means for treating the udder of cows in order to prevent the incidence of mastitis and improve the quality of milk. Since in order to prevent the development of mastitis for a long time, it is necessary not only to destroy the disease itself and fight its symptoms, but also to take all kinds of measures to prevent the disease. Methods. To conduct a scientific and economic experiment, 4 groups were formed, of which 3 are experimental and 1 control, according to the method of pairs-analogs using a tethered method of keeping in stalls in all four groups. To treat the udder, agents based on iodine, chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine digluconate and probiotic bacteria were used. Results. The summer use of Priolit Vortex and Algavit Vortex in 1 experimental group showed a decrease in the number of mesophilic aerobic facultative anaerobic microorganisms in cow's milk from 200,000 to 97,000 CFU/cm3, which is 48.5 % less than at the beginning of the experiment. Treatment with disinfectants Priolit Vortex and Elovit Vortex in the 2 nd experimental group made it possible to reduce the number of mesophilic aerobic facultative anaerobic microorganisms by 68.4 %. The use of probiotic agents Skin Cleaner and PIP Cow Teat Cleaner for treating the udder of cows allowed to reduce the number of mesophilic aerobic facultative anaerobic microorganisms in the milk of cows in experimental group 3 from 180,000 to 110,000 CFU / in 1 cm3, which is 61.1 % less than the initial indicators. Somatic cells in the milk of cows of the 1st experimental group decreased from 750,000 to 120,000 in 1 cm3, in the 2nd experimental group the number of somatic cells decreased from 250,000 to 180,000 in 1 cm3, in the 3rd experimental group from 390,000 to 340,000 in 1 cm3. In the control group, an increase in the number of somatic cells was found by 84 %.
Words of Turkic origin in ancient Greek
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Huseynova Hajar
Published: September 2021

The article notes the functioning of turkisms in many languages of the world, including Greek, English, French, Russian and other languages. It is known that the Turks established socio-political and cultural ties with many ancient peoples, and sometimes settled on the territories of these peoples or in areas close to them. Such areal contacts caused language and lexical borrowings.N.A. Baskakov in the book “Russian surnames of Turkish origin”, wrote that the origins of 300 noble Russian families go back to Turkic roots, including genealogy and the scientist A.Kh. Khalikov notes numerous Turkic words in the Russian language. In the book “500 generations of Turkish-Bulgarian-Tatar origin, known as Russian”, he explores 500 surnames of Turkic origin. In the book “Turks in the ancestral roots of the Russians” also gives information about the origin of the Turks and the Turkic generations, known as the Russian generation. According to Chingiz Aitmatov, one third of Russian words are Turkic.Similar language Turkish loanwords are observed in ancient Greek and modern Greek, which is the subject of this article. According to some researchers, the Indo-European languages on the territory of the Balkan Peninsula appeared thanks to the Greeks. Even in ancient times, researchers noted that in the territory of modern Greece once lived people who did not speak the Indo-European language, which is approximately 2500 BC. The era of 2500-1600 BC is associated with the Hittites, later the Greeks settled on the territory of Hellas.According to some researchers, the most ancient inhabitants of the territory of Ancient Greece were the traki, whose language was later assimilated with the language of the hittites, and then the Greeks. In ancient scandinavian sources, there are relics of the language of tracts belonging to the Western branch of the proturks, which is confirmed by the praturkian vocabulary and onomastics. The Greek-Turkic language substrata and units imprinted in ancient Greek confirm the presence of Turkic loanwords, which have not lost their relevance in modern language contacts between Turkish and Greek
About the methodology of musical turcology
Authors:   Institute of Architecture and Art of the National Academy of Sciences, Mammadova Rana Azer
Published: September 2021

Morphological analysis as constructing of certain typologies in the culture is no doubt connected with the genetic code of the ethnos.The genoformula has on one hand, numerous versions, on the other hand, a certain generalized notion about basic parameters of its functioning. What is this phenomenon connected with? With evolutional processes which are very difficult to retrace. Only the comparison of versions is able to discover the main pivot, model, inversion, a set of typological signs, a set of compulsory necessary elements.The study of the role of the ethnic substrate in the formation of cultural identification on the basis of historical typology refers to the primary universal values and local features of the spiritual self-determination of peoples. The article makes an attempt to present the methodology of musical Turkology based on the material of Azerbaijani folk music.
The Apai-Bori Union in the context of Basmyl-Karluk relations (from the experience of legend analysis)
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Omarovich Artykbayev  Zhambyl
Published: September 2021

The historical legend of «The origin of the Apai-Bori Union» which is preserved in the Kazakh oral tradition gives а specific information about the grandiose migrations from the east to the west of Central Asia in the IX-XI centuries. In the context of the image of the man «in a wolfskin coat and on a gray horse», we see the tribal group of Bori (in Chinese texts also known as Fule), one of the militant components of the ancient Turkic khaganates, who retreated to the west after heavy wars on the banks of the Orkhon.Second, through the image of the Apai, and her son who was born from the karakesek, we have already penetrated the Karluk problem. Karakeseks are connected with karluks. Now they are part of the Kazakh and Kyrgyz communities.Third, during the movement to the west, the Karluks began to develop the territories freed from the Huns. Perhaps, they inherited their political values, which later helped them to create the empire of Karakhan. Fourth, it can be assumed that the fact there are generic groups of Siberian shors among the Karakesek is probably revealed through the analysis of name of the native leader of the karakeseks of Bolat Kozha. In fact, Bolat and Karluk (Karaluk) are similar synonymous. Both of these names were applied in the past to steel from which highest quality cutting weapons were prepared. The Siberian Shor people’s sacred attitude to blacksmithing has been preserved to this day. Fifth and last, the story of the Apai-Bori union in the Kazakh genealogy is an excellent source that allows researchers to study problems associated with the migration of the Basmyl-Karluk tribes. All of the above is disclosed in this article.
Fish depictions in the deer stones
Authors:   National Museum of Mongolia, Bayarsaikhan Jamsranjav
Published: September 2021

The autochthonous community of Central Asia, including Mongolia, is based on a nomadic culture, the origins of which go back to the paleoculture, the Bronze Age. The article is devoted to the topic of Central Asia - study drawings, petroglyphs in the Late Bronze Age. On the deer stones, petroglyphs, logograms depicting heavenly bodies (sun, moon), hunting and labor tools, wild and domestic animals, fish, as well as the so-called «pair fish» of which were found during archaeological work in Mongolia, South Siberia, Central Asia. The article notes that in the depicted figures, logos reflected the «world view» of the ancient people, their mythology and ideology, understanding of the world and nature. Some artifacts of the paleoculture discovered during archaeological excavations are still kept in the National Museum of Mongolia. Exploring the artefacts of paleoculture, the author makes his own contribution to the study of the cultural origins of Central Asia.
State system of the Yenisei Kyrgyz
Authors:   N.F. Katanov Khakass State University, Yakovlevich Butanayev Viktor
Published: September 2021

This article attempts to systematize various source materials for comprehensive coverage of the issues of the functioning of the statehood of the ancient Kyrgyz and restoration of the canvas of historical events of the period covered. The author gives a description of the kagan dynasty and its representatives, examines the levels of the social hierarchy of the nomadic society, the system of interaction of vertical and horizontal structural formations, the canons of customary law in the Kyrgyz kaganate. The study provides links to ancient Türkic written monuments, Chinese chronicles, Tibetan documents, Mongol legends and Arab geographical works, which reflect various hypotheses about the origin of the Kyrgyz ruling dynasty «Azho» («Azhe»), and also analyzes the interpretation of the words «az «,» Az budun «by various scientists in the context of the ethnogenesis of the Kyrgyz people. It covers diplomatic activities, military campaigns and the death of the first Kyrgyz kagan Barsbeg, his family ties and political relations with the rulers of the Turkic kaganate. The highest officials of the Kyrgyz state – begi were subdivided into the following six groups: tsaysians (high administrative rank), tutuki (governors), buyruks (messengers), zhangshi (clerks), chory or churas (military title), tarhans (collectors of taxes and taxes) , each of which performed the corresponding functions in the management of society and solved the current tasks facing the kaganate. An important role in the life of the nomadic society of the ancient Kyrgyz was played by the patriarchal family – «arch kun» and the tribal community – «aal kun». In the Kyrgyz state, one of the manifestations of socio-ethnic exploitation was the institution of Kyshtym, whose origins date back to the Hunno-Scythian era. Kyrgyz society had the beginnings of judicial legislation, expressed in the functioning of a system of strictly established orders of customary (traditional) law – «töre»
The leading ornamental motif koshkar muyiz in Kazakh ornamentation: in search of the primordial
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Kabdrakhmanovich Suraganov Sergali
Published: September 2021

The ornamental motif of Koshkar Muyiz – the legacy of the Ancient times – remains key in the traditional art of felt craft. The horn-shaped figures of the Kazakhs had been a centerpiece of scholarly discourses of Kazakh, Russian and Soviet science over the entire 20th century. The first attempts to find their meaning were made by the German ethnologist R. Karutz (1911), the Russian researchers S. Dudin (1928), B. Kuftin (1926), E. Schneider (1927), and others. The horn-shaped motif had been reviewed in the works of archaeologists, art historians and ethnographers since the second half of the 20th century. Scientists determined the time of its origin, its geography, and attempted to translate its semantic content. It was found that the curvilinear motif had not appeared earlier than the New Stone Age, but in the Bronze Age, it had developed in the form of various styled designs. This motif obviously played a key role in the ornamental complex of the Turkic-Mongol peoples.Based on the interdisciplinary approach, the author offers a number of reasons to explain its viability, including the internal form of the word - name of the ornamental motif, which is epic in nature since it can cause a special aesthetic reaction in viewers. The ornamental motif seems to play the role of a “figure of memories” and have the status of a “substantiative past”. It is preserved as a linguistic objectification (name) in an extra-linguistic format as well, in the form of an Iconic Model of a transcultural anagram that reproduces the ancient ideological content with symbolic and magical scope. Acting as a canon, the Koshkar Muyiz motif is a sort of a “Signature of the Era” with its artistic charm and is constructively based on the line called the “Line of Beauty” by William Hogarth
Turkology: scientific paradigm and intersubject description
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Ibraev Shakimashrip
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the relationship and the complex (complex) nature of the humanities, which are part of Turkology. For this purpose, the scientific materials of Turkology and their historical transitions were studied on the basis of linguistics and folklore. As a result, the scientific paradigms of the disciplines of Turkic languages and folklore were developed in collaboration with each other. The coincidence was observed on the theoretical and methodological basis of research, and not only on the political and social situation, the general historical era. Three periods of development, such as the Radlov period of linguistics, the policy of the linguistic development of the Soviet era (linguistic construction) and the study of the historical-comparative aspect of world scientific experience, were repeatedly duplicated in folklore. The reason for this is that folklore was interpreted as some kind of verbal expression of a language phenomenon. The development of world anthropological science has shown that these two subjects will develop in the future.