bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Conceptual Foundations of the Formation of an Ecosystem of Innovations in Agribusiness
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Kyfyak Viktoriia I.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the development of theoretical foundations and practical mechanisms necessary for the creation and development of an innovation ecosystem in the agrarian sector of Ukraine, focusing on the key determinants that are decisive for the integration of new technologies into the industry. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the conceptual foundations of the formation of such an ecosystem, which would include a multi-level structure, where the central role is played by synergistic interaction between the State institutions, business, and scientific structures. In this context, the article proposes a multi-vector approach that takes into account the peculiarities of institutional support, private initiatives, as well as the impact of education and science on the development of agrarian innovations. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of the report «European Innovation Scoreboard 2024: Country Profile Ukraine», which allows to identify specific trends and opportunities for further research and improvement of innovative approaches in the agrarian business of Ukraine. An analysis of the current challenges faced by agribusiness in the context of global economic and climatic fluctuations is presented, and strategic solutions to maintain the competitiveness of the Ukrainian agrarian business at the international level are proposed. Foreign experience is analyzed, in particular Israel’s success in introducing innovations in the agrarian sector, based on increased digitalization, environmental sustainability and new market strategies. The prospects for adapting these approaches to Ukrainian conditions to ensure sustainable development of the agricultural sector are also considered. An important aspect of the study is to identify areas that allow creating an integrated model of the innovation ecosystem, which takes into account the specifics of the agrarian sector and national characteristics. This mechanism will contribute to the effective implementation of innovations in the production processes of agribusiness, ensuring its sustainable development in the face of long-term fluctuations, in particular, such as war.
Supply Chain Management Using Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Skitsko Volodymyr I. , Voinikov Mykola Yu. ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman
Published: November 2024

The era of digital transformation has made it possible to accumulate large amounts of data that can be used in the decision-making process, in particular in supply chain management. With the complication of the problems to be solved, classical optimization methods lose their effectiveness and do not allow to obtain a solution in an acceptable time, which creates the need to study another suitable tools, among which there are evolutionary algorithms that use the principles of biological evolution, allowing to obtain solutions close to optimal (or even exactly optimal) in an acceptable time. Evolutionary algorithms are part of a broader field in artificial intelligence that is evolutionary computing. The article allocates the characteristics of evolutionary algorithms that distinguish them from other algorithms of evolutionary computing, and analyzes the most popular evolutionary algorithms: genetic algorithm, genetic programming, evolutionary programming, evolutionary strategies and differential evolution, in particular, their features and areas of application in supply chain management. A comparative analysis is carried out and recommendations are provided for the selection of the appropriate algorithm, taking into account the characteristics of the problem, in particular, the structure of the solution (coding), the discreteness or continuity of variables, and the speed of getting into the local optimum. The available literature is analyzed and a list of the use of various evolutionary algorithms for the tasks of supply chain management is provided, in particular, in warehouse planning, transportation organization, work planning, etc. Since the effectiveness of the application of evolutionary algorithms depends not only on the choice of a specific algorithm, but also on the choice of parameters, their flexible configuration, etc., in future studies it is advisable to consider modifications of evolutionary algorithms, both hybrid and adaptive approaches.
Features of Green Banking Development in Sustainable Economy for Ukraine’s Reconstruction
Authors:   IT STEP University, Sloboda Larysa Ya. , Dunas Nataliia V. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Mysko Nestor V. ,   Lviv University of Business and Law
Published: November 2024

The article substantiates the necessity to mobilize internal investment resources by channeling bank capital into the restoration of green financing and the development of sustainable green projects in Ukraine. The characteristics of financial instruments that contribute to the development of the green economy and can be implemented in green banking models are disclosed. Based on the analysis of the historical retrospective of the formation and activity of international organizations in the field of green financing, the perspective directions of the regulation of green banking in Ukraine are outlined, in particular, an assessment of the monetary and financial policy of the central banks of the leading countries of the world with regard to its impact on green investment is carried out. Further, an assessment of the current state of implementation of green financing projects by leading banks of Ukraine is carried out, which made it possible to determine the level of their orientation to the regulation of ESG risks and to identify the prospects of mobilizing private capital to invest in the green national growth. Taking into account the characteristics of the indicators of social and environmental corporate responsibility of Ukrainian banking, recommendations have been developed on the activation of banks' participation in green banking projects. This article can help regulators related to the achievement of ESG projects by using the sharing economy and green energy financing.
Adaptation of Accounting and Control of the Activities of Small Enterprises to the Realities of Martial Law and Post-War Business Recovery in Ukraine
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Honcharuk Svitlana M. , Korpan Kostiantyn I. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: November 2024

The article is aimed at studying the key aspects and features of accounting and control of small business enterprises in Ukraine under martial law. It is defined that with the beginning of russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, public authorities approved a number of legislative and regulatory acts directed towards optimizing certain business processes of Ukrainian enterprises, in particular small businesses. Legislative innovations also relate to the procedure for accounting and control at the enterprise, to which accountants of enterprises must adapt in modern realities. According to the results of the study, it is found that in the conditions of war in Ukraine, accounting at small enterprises has undergone significant transformations, in particular, there is a need to account for transactions on the free transfer of property for the needs of the army, depreciation on such property, accounting for humanitarian and charitable aid, etc. The requirements and restrictions for conducting inventory and tax control at small enterprises are also changing. In accordance with the amendments to the tax legislation made during martial law, the possibility of conducting documentary unscheduled, desk and actual audits has been restored, and from the beginning of December 2023, a moratorium on documentary and factual audits has been temporarily introduced in Ukraine, provided that there are grounds for it. Further research on this topic should be aimed at determining the best options for automating accounting processes, ways to simplify and adapt the implementation of control measures for the activities of small enterprises in Ukraine in the post-war period.
The Simulation Model of Enterprise Behavior Taking into Account Sensitivity to Crisis Macroeconomic Processes
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Rayevnyeva Olena V. , Su Rui ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics
Published: November 2024

The current conditions of the global economy are characterized by increased instability of political, economic and social processes. Ensuring the stable development of the enterprise increasingly depends not only on its internal processes, but also on the general economic situation in the world, country, and industry. Depending on the structure of the economy, the level of integration into the global economy and the phase of the economic cycle, different types of economic activity react differently to crisis processes. Therefore, the specific affiliation of the enterprise in modeling its development is an important factor. The aim of the article is to build a general structure of the simulation model of economic behavior of enterprise, taking into account the sensitivity of the type of its economic activity to crisis processes. The analysis of scientific achievements has shown that for simulation modeling of enterprise behavior the most expedient is the application of the conception of system dynamics, allowing to represent the behavior of enterprise in the form of a system of material flows and to analyze cause-and-effect relationships and feedback outlines. The publication provides a simulation model of enterprise behavior, which takes into account the sensitivity of its type of economic activity to crisis processes. The model consists of four blocks: a model for the formation of scenario conditions, a model of economic behavior of an enterprise, a model for assessing the economic behavior of an enterprise, and a model for decision-making. It has been suggested that highly sensitive types are more exposed to risks and the consequences of risks are greater. The coefficient of sensitivity influence for the aggregated economic activities of Ukraine and the PRC has been calculated. It is shown that there are significant differences in the response of different types of economic activity to crisis processes between the countries. It is proposed to use surveys on business expectations and scenarios of macroeconomic forecasts to assess the risks of enterprises’ activities. The application of the scenario approach allows to verify the expediency, efficiency and effectiveness of management under different conditions and formulate recommendations for adjusting tactical and strategic decisions.
Preferential Trade as a Result of Evolution and Institutionalization of International Trade Agreements
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics / Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Kalyuzhna Nataliya H. , Lezhepokova Viktoriia H. ,   State University of Trade and Economics / Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the systematization of the prerequisites for the emergence and formation of preferential trade in the context of the historical evolution and institutionalization of international trade agreements. The conclusion of preferential agreements is a common instrument for the development of international trade and economic relations, which retains its relevance in the context of modern fragmentation of the world economy and the spread of foreign trade neoprotectionism. The results of the carried out analysis of scientific publications showed that the focus of researches is mainly on the factors of rapid development of international (in particular, preferential) trade in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. At the same time, understanding the current trends, prospects and challenges of preferential trade requires a study of its essence as a historically conditioned result of the evolution and institutionalization of international trade. Disclosure of the chronology of the formation of preferential trade is proposed to be carried out in the context of the evolution of international trade and the stages of its institutionalization. Based on the results of systematization of the basic characteristics of the stages of evolution of international trade, the features of its historical formation are determined, examples of relevant international trade agreements are provided and the prerequisites for the transition of international trade and economic relations to each subsequent stage of development are defined. The results of the systematization of the evolutionary stages of international trade confirm that preferential arrangements are an integral feature of its development, since each period can be corresponded with certain characteristics of preferential agreements, namely: subject, zone, depth of coverage of preferences, conditions of access to markets, standardization of trade rules, measures of protection and conditions of competition, provisions on investments. On the basis of the analysis of certain characteristics, it is substantiated that the institutionalization of international trade is an evolutionary process of institutionalization of preferential trade, where each subsequent stage reflects the development of new types, forms and rules for concluding international trade agreements. An important evolutionary result of the transformation of international trade agreements should be considered a gradual decrease in the asymmetry of preferences in both bilateral and global trade agreements, which testifies in favor of equalizing the conditions of international competition and gravitating towards equal involvement of countries in the processes of world trade.
Financial security of business is an indicator of financial management in crisis conditions
Authors: Khymych Iryna , Panukhnyk Olena , Chernii Ihor
Published: November 2024

This article posits that the financial security of a business is the primary indicator of effective financial management. The relationship between financial management and financial security is supported by a system and subsystem approach. It is established that financial security represents a pivotal financial and economic mechanism at both the macro level (the state) and the micro level (the enterprise). It is observed that financial management is conducted at all levels of the financial system, from the state of an individual enterprise. It has been demonstrated that the operation of any system in a state of crisis is contingent upon substantial financial and economic support and maintenance. The author posits that financial security is an effective and efficient measure for maintaining a relatively stable level of functioning for both the state and business in general. The concept of «financial security» is found to be highly multifaceted, with interpretations drawn from a range of perspectives, including organizational and statistical, functional and resource-based, and regulatory and legal. The primary objective of financial security for an enterprise can be defined as the implementation of a comprehensive organizational and management strategy, the assurance of operational stability in the context of prevailing business conditions, and the provision of a foundation for future growth and development, contingent upon the availability of financial and economic resources. The method of formation and implementation of financial security of the enterprise as an indicator of financial management in crisis business conditions is proposed and described, which includes the following stages 1) structural elements of financial security of an enterprise; 2) constituent elements of financial enterprise security; 3) organizational and managerial policy of financial enterprise security; 4) mechanism of implementation of financial enterprise security; 5) general coordination of the state of financial enterprise security; 6) «adaptation» of financial security of an enterprise to unstable and crisis business conditions. It is proposed to use economic-statistical and financial-economic indicators and international indices to assess the state of financial security of enterprises, in particular: the number of enterprises in the country; the volume of products (goods, services) sold by enterprises in the country; net profit (loss) of enterprises in the country; business activity index. The results show that financial security is an extremely important and necessary indicator for the assessment of the general state of business activity and the functioning of the country as a whole.
Modern practices of career management organization
Authors: Leontenko Olga , Prysivko Yuliya
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to consideration of modern trends and practices of career management, which are implemented by leading domestic and foreign companies for effective development and realization of the career potential of their employees. The authors emphasize that career management is an important component of effective personnel management aimed at continuous professional growth and optimal use of the abilities, knowledge and experience of employees in accordance with the goals of the organization. Among the key trends that lead to the need to implement effective career management practices, the growth of mobility and flexibility of the workforce, the strengthening of the role of continuous training and adaptability, the emphasis on the development of soft skills, increasing the importance of the balance between work and personal life of employees. It is noted that to attract and retain highly professional specialists, leading companies actively use career management practices such as organizational career management (OKM), career coaching, individual career development plans, mentoring and mentoring programs, as well as modern technologies. In particular, OKM has a positive effect on self-perception of employment and reduces professional burnout, career coaching contributes to the disclosure of internal potential and professional improvement, and individual career development plans provide flexibility and personalization of career management approaches. The use of modern technologies, such as cloud computing, allows you to increase the availability and flexibility of career management. The article notes that in domestic business there is a gradual introduction of modern career management practices, but the level of their systematization and efficiency is still lower compared to foreign companies. For the effective implementation of career management, it is necessary to take into account the principles of corporate social responsibility in personnel management, which are grouped on the consistency of the interests of management and employees. This will attract and retain highly professional specialists, create a high-quality personnel reserve for filling vacant positions and create conditions for the development of individual abilities and talents of employees.
Production sustained release dosage forms from deliquescent substances by solid dispersion systems
Authors: Terenteva O. A. , Kotsur Yu. M. , Narkevich I. A. , Flisyuk E. V.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The production of solid dosage forms from hygroscopic substances is a complex technological task. The addition of hygroscopic substances into a polymer matrix allows to reduce their moisture absorption capacity.

Aim. Reducing the hygroscopicity of deliquescent substances and obtaining sustained release solid dosage forms by using solid dispersion systems.

Materials and methods. Substance: DEAE; excipients: Kollidon® VA 64, Soluplus®, PEG 1500, PEG 6000, PEG 8000, Poloxamer Kolliphor® P 188 and Kolliphor® P 407; reagents: hydrochloric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate. The melt of the components was obtained on a twin-screw laboratory extruder and cast into silicone molds. The resulting solid dosage forms were studied for disintegration in three environments corresponding to the sections of the human gastrointestinal tract.

Results and discussion. The active pharmaceutical substance DEAE is characterized as deliquescent substance. The introduction of DEAE into PEG-polymer matrices made it possible to reduce the hygroscopicity of solid dosage forms in the form of bars. The introduction of solubilizers into the melt made it possible to obtain bars with the appropriate organoleptic properties. The release of DEAE from bear- or toroid-shaped bars occurs on average 29–47 % faster than from heart-shaped bars.

Conclusion. Compositions based on Soluplus® and Kolliphor® P 407 have proven promising for further development of tiles containing DEAE. In order to create tiles with a slow release, it is recommended to use heart-shaped forms, as they have a smaller surface area.
Topraksız kültürde besin çözeltisindeki N:S oranlarının domates bitkisinin gelişimi, fotosentetik pigmentleri ve makro besin içeriği üzerine etkileri
Authors: Akınoğlu Güney
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada, topraksız yetiştiricilikte besin çözeltisindeki Azot (N) : Kükürt (S) oranındaki değişimin domates bitkisinde gelişme, makro besin kapsamı ve fotosentetik pigmentler üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Denemede 2:1 torf: perlit (v/v) karışımından her saksı için 1500 gram alınıp 3 litrelik saksılara konulmuştur. Her saksıya bir domates fidesi (Kardelen F1 çeşidi) dikilmiştir. Bitkilere farklı N ve S konsantrasyonlarına (mM) sahip besin çözeltisi uygulamaları [I) 12.5:0.125 (N12.5:S0.125), II) 11.5:0.625 (N11.5:S0.625), III) 10.5:1.125 (N10.5:S1.125), IV) 9.5:1.625 (N9.5:S1.625)] yapılmıştır. Deneme tamamen tesadüfi deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Besin çözeltisindeki N:S dengesindeki değişimin, bitkinin gövde ve yaprak kuru ağırlığı üzerine etkisi önemli bulunurken; bitkinin kök kuru ağırlığı, boyu, bitki gövde çapı, bitki yaprak sayısı üzerine etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur. Azotun azaltılırken kükürtün arttırıldığı besin çözeltisi uygulaması yaprakta klorofil-a, klorofil-b ve toplam klorofil kapsamlarını azaltmıştır. En yüksek klorofil-a, klorofil-b ve toplam klorofil içeriği N12.5:S0.125 uygulamasında; en düşük ise N9.5:S1.625 uygulamasında elde edilmiştir. Besin çözeltisindeki N:S oranındaki değişimin, yaprakta N, K, Ca, Mg ve S kapsamına etkisi önemli iken; P kapsamına etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur.
Alopecia psicogênica em felinos: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Araujo Danieli Ramos de , Meneguelli Mayra
Published: November 2024

A alopecia psicogênica em felinos é uma condição dermatológica de origem comportamental, caracterizada pela perda de pelos devido à lambedura excessiva, geralmente associada a estresse e ansiedade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a alopecia psicogênica, abordando seus principais fatores de risco, diagnóstico e formas de tratamento. A condição é frequentemente diagnosticada por exclusão, após a eliminação de causas orgânicas como infecções parasitárias, dermatites e alergias. Fatores ambientais, como mudanças no ambiente familiar, conflitos territoriais e a falta de enriquecimento ambiental, são comuns desencadeadores desse transtorno. Intervenções terapêuticas incluem mudanças no ambiente, técnicas comportamentais, e o uso de psicofármacos como fluoxetina e clomipramina. O manejo eficaz requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar, envolvendo tanto modificações no ambiente quanto terapias medicamentosas, com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade de vida dos felinos acometidos. O estudo ressalta a importância do diagnóstico precoce e da implementação de estratégias personalizadas para cada caso, considerando as interações entre fatores comportamentais e emocionais.
Revascularização Pulpar: Uma alternativa de tratamento para dentes imaturos e com necrose pulpar
Authors: Carvalho Bianca Louise Pinheiro de , Rocha Isabella Vitória Silva da , Linhares Helton Diego Dantas , Verde Giselle Maria Ferreira Lima , Melo Marcílio Oliveira
Published: November 2024

Introdução: O tratamento dos dentes com necrose pulpar e rizogênese incompleta representam um desafio na clinica endodôntica devido à fragilidade das paredes radiculares e ápice radicular aberto. Técnicas como apicigênese, apicificação e regeneração são possibilidades de tratamento para dentes com rizogênese incompleta com alterações pulpares. Sendo a  regeneração pulpar uma alternativa promissora. Objetivo: Este trabalho objetiva avaliar o conhecimento atual sobre a revascularização pulpar e o seu sucesso na clínica endodôntica. Metodologia: foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com pesquisa de trabalhos nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Scielo, Busca Virtual de Saúde - BVS e ScienceDirect, trabalhos em inglês e português publicados entre os anos de 2018 a 2024. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos de relatos de casos, pesquisas clinicas, artigos de pesquisa experimental e revisão de literatura, disponibilizados de forma integral. Os critérios de exclusão foram resumos, anais de eventos, dissertações, monografias, teses e livros cujos temas não são relevantes. Resultados: Ao final da aplicação dos critérios, obteve-se 15 artigos para compor a pesquisa, sendo que a maioria dos artigos incluídos neste estudo apresentaram uma comparação entre apicificação com revascularização pulpar.  Conclusão: Conclui-se que esse tratamento é viável em casos de rizogênese incompleta, porém é necessário mais estudo para a padronização de um protocolo único, obtendo assim resultados clínicos efetivos.
PENDAMPINGAN LITERASI KEUANGAN DAN PEMASARAN MENJADI ENTREPRENEUR MARITIM PADA NELAYAN TANGKAP TANJUNG SEBAUK TANJUNGPINANG
Authors: Wulandari Kiki , Iranita Iranita , Jalal Abdul , Paramita Bunga
Published: November 2024

This Community Service activity focuses on optimizing catches and financial management, including: socialization of seafood processing, digital marketing training, and financial management literacy assistance with the aim of improving the economic welfare of capture fishermen in Tanjung Sebauk, Tanjungpinang,. Through this approach, it is expected to increase the income of fishermen and encourage the economic independence of coastal communities. The method used is a socialization program and direct assistance to capture fishermen, focusing on the use of social media as a marketing platform and the application of simple financial management principles. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation of activities. The results of this activity show an increase in fishermen's income after participating in the program, which is due to the expansion of market reach and better financial management. In conclusion, this mentoring program proved effective in empowering capture fishermen and encouraging them to become maritime entrepreneurs. However, support from all parties is needed to ensure the sustainability of the program and changes in fishermen's behavior in the long run.
Consequences of Disintegrated Care for Dual Tuberculosis and Diabetes in Tanzania: A Case Report on Recurrent Tuberculosis with Severe Haemoptysis in a Patient with Dysregulated Diabetes
Authors: Chamba Nyasatu G. , Byashalira Kenneth C. , Sadiq Adnan M. , Manongi Rachel N. , Ramaiya Kaushik L. , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Lillebaek Troels , Christensen Dirk L. , Mpagama Stellah G. , Bygbjerg Ib C.
Published: November 2024

Diabetes is known to be a risk factor for active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and the reactivation of latent or previous TB. It is also associated with poor TB treatment outcomes. Conversely, TB infection in itself can worsen glycaemic control temporarily and possibly lead to diabetes, among other non-communicable comorbidities. Post-TB lung disease decreases life expectancy and increases the risk of recurrent TB infection. There are efforts in low- and middle-income countries to integrate TB and diabetes healthcare services, as encouraged by the WHO and other international health organisations. However, integration measures, including bidirectional screening and coordinated care for both diseases in low- and middle-income countries, are scarce. This may lead to a lack of control over either condition. The authors present the journey of a 48-year-old man with Type 2 diabetes and previous pulmonary TB. He presented with a 2-week history of productive coughing and massive haemoptysis amounting to 500 mL in total. Recurrent pulmonary TB was confirmed by Gene Xpert, a chest X-ray, and CT of the chest. Glycaemic control improved while on TB treatment after counselling on adherence. The difficulties and dilemmas in managing and following up on a communicable and non-communicable disease traditionally cared for can be improved upon with the integration of TB/diabetes healthcare services.
Epistemic injustice, university bordering regimes and international postgraduate researchers
Authors: Sikka Tina , Proctor Heather
Published: November 2024

This paper outlines the findings of a series of interviews with international PhD students in the social sciences at Newcastle University. It aims to: 1) understand how the university, as a bordering institution, has shaped the experience of international postgraduates; and 2) interrogate how these students are experiencing the process of articulating and undertaking their research under layers of restriction vis-à-vis Covid-19 as well as growing regimes of digital/biometric surveillance, costs, restrictions, and bureaucracy. Epistemic injustice is used as a frame to understand the operation of interlocking forms of oppression wherein the university is seen as a site of harm through direct and indirect discrimination.
Scotland’s Economy after 25 Years of Devolution
Authors: Goudie Andrew , Roy Graeme , Waite David
Published: November 2024

Prior to devolution, a significant majority of Scots believed that their new parliament would greatly improve the performance of the Scottish economy. We show that, in the subsequent twenty-five years, performance has been mixed. In some areas, Scotland’s relative economic performance has improved particularly relative to an increasingly unequal UK economic model. But against key international competitors, and in areas where the parliament has levers to improve performance – such as in exports, business growth, investment, and entrepreneurship – Scotland’s economy continues to lag. This is despite a raft of strategies, working groups and action plans. In reality beyond the presentation, policy agendas have remained remarkably similar to where they were back in 1999. Some exceptions exist, including most notably a greater weight upon the environment. But the lack of rigorous evaluation or review of delivery of strategy suggests that, in many ways, the economics of devolution has been more about style than substance.
The Scottish Diaspora Framework: A New Paradigm of Scottishness?
Authors: Stewart Leith Murray , Sim Duncan
Published: November 2024

It is generally accepted that members of diasporas tend to maintain a connection with and identification with their home nation. This is often expressed as a hyphenated identity and may be maintained through generations; later generations may become involved in family research to reactivate ties to the homeland. The Scottish diaspora is a classic example of such an identity but, although that sense of identity with the homeland is expressed by the diaspora, it is not clear if this is reciprocated by the homeland, whose attitude to diaspora members may not necessarily be an inclusive one.

Contemporary Scotland, a nation with a very large diaspora, provides us with an opportunity to examine this closely. In this paper, we explore attitudes towards the Scottish diaspora and how things have changed, with a Scottish Government proactively connecting with its diaspora. In particular, we explore their recent diaspora policy framework document, which has begun to redefine ‘Scottishness’ to be a more inclusive and transnational identity.
Wha’s Like Us? The Peculiarities of the Glaswegians
Authors: Damer Seán
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates the nature of mainstream Glasgow working-class culture and argues that it is unique. Its unique nature derives from its idiosyncratic combination of harsh industrial and overcrowded housing conditions; a radical socialist political tradition; and large numbers of refugees from the Irish Land Wars and the Highland Clearances.
Конструктивный интеграционный подход к картографированию организации геосистем для «Атласа территориального развития регионов Северной и Северо-Восточной Азии»
Authors: Кузнецова Татьяна Ивановна
Published: November 2024

В рамках работ по созданию «Атласа территориального развития регионов Северной и Северо-Восточной Азии» разрабатывается методика создания тематического модуля «Географическая среда. Управление природным экологическим риском». Научной основой исследования являются теория организации и методология конструктивного интеграционного картографирования геосистем академика В. Б. Сочавы. Разработана концептуальная схема структуры блока обзорных карт геосистем, отражающая последовательность процедуры подготовки научной информации о природном объекте, ее структуру, содержательную сущность, этапы исследования и то, как они связаны друг с другом. Решена задача повышения оценочного и прогнозно-рекомендательного потенциала содержания мелкомасштабных карт геосистем применительно к решению проблемы управления природным экологическим риском в макрорегионах. Определена совокупность геосистемных признаков для полифункционального геоэкологического зонирования исследуемой территории. В составе атласа мелкомасштабные инвентаризационные, оценочные, прогнозно-рекомендательные карты геосистем будут иметь информационное значение для целей планирования стратегического территориального развития и формирования экологически ориентированной политики природопользования в регионах Евразийского материка.
Градостроительное зонирование в задаче информационного обеспечения кадастровых работ на землях населенных пунктов
Authors: Гура Дмитрий Андреевич
Published: November 2024

Основной целью данного исследования выступает анализ сложившейся градостроительной политики в части реализации принципов градостроительного зонирования для целей информационного обеспечения кадастра недвижимости, а также формирования градостроительных регламентов на примере Краснодарского края. В работе представлен анализ исторически сложившегося типа застройки городов Краснодара и Сочи, характеризуемых равнинным и высокогорным рельефом соответственно. Согласно действующему градостроительному законодательству описаны основные теоретические и практические особенности территориального планирования и градостроительного зонирования. Обосновано влияние на градостроительное зонирование рельефа территории, растительности, грунтов, инсоляционного режима, климатических и иных факторов, оказывающих прямое воздействие на архитектурный облик городских территорий. В качестве объектов исследования обозначены город Краснодар и город-курорт Сочи как наиболее значимые и крупные урбанизированные центры в составе выделяемых Прикубанского и Причерноморского градостроительного кластеров, произведен их сравнительный анализ путем изучения действующей документации в части территориального планирования (генеральные планы городов Сочи и Краснодара), а также в разрезе градостроительного зонирования (применение правил землепользования и застройки данных городов). Проанализирован список функциональных и территориальных зон, а также оценены перспективы применения технологии лазерного сканирования для подготовки графической части документов градостроительного зонирования, а также исходно-разрешительной документации, имеющие существенное значение для целей информационного обеспечения кадастра недвижимости и выполнения кадастровых работ.
Землеустроительная экспертиза дел, связанных с комплексным развитием территории
Authors: Пархоменко Дарья Васильевна
Published: November 2024

Комплексное устойчивое развитие территории является одной из тенденций, характерных для зарубежья, и в статье освещаются основные направления их развития. В России эти тенденции в сфере недвижимости появились только в 2000-х гг. и претерпели уже множество изменений. В настоящее время развитие этих институтов базируется на государственно-частном партнерстве и стимулируется всеми сторонами, заинтересованными в реализации таких проектов. На практике имеются случаи расторжения уже имеющихся договоров о комплексном развитии территории или оспаривание решения органов власти о таком развитии. В некоторых случаях при рассмотрении таких дел в судах требуются специальные знания и суд определяет, что необходимо провести экспертизу. По таким делам проводятся строительно-технические, оценочные и землеустроительные экспертизы. Особенности проведения землеустроительных экспертиз этого вида описаны в настоящей статье: некоторые из них имеют привычный вид, а некоторые можно назвать настолько уникальными, что возможность разработать единую методику их проведения отсутствует, поскольку особенности продиктованы конкретным соглашением сторон.
Оценка цифровизации территориального управления «умных городов» на примере города Нового Уренгоя
Authors: Подрядчикова Екатерина Дмитриевна , Раева Ирина Валентиновна , Москвин Виктор Николаевич
Published: November 2024

В условиях стремительной цифровизации и растущих требований к качеству жизни эффективное информационное обеспечение становится ключевым фактором успешного развития «умных городов». Особенно важным и актуальным является вопрос цифровизации территориального управления для городов Крайнего Севера на фоне активного развития нефтегазодобывающей отрасли. Промышленное освоение месторождений в этих регионах привлекает к себе значительные инвестиции и приводит к увеличению активности населения и предприятий, что требует современных и эффективных механизмов управления городскими ресурсами и развития инфраструктуры. В статье представлена комплексная методика, основанная на системном анализе и экспертном оценивании показателей цифровизации городских территорий. Основная цель данного исследования – разработка методики оценки цифровизации территориального управления «умных городов», основанной на комплексных критериях, учитывающих как количественные, так и качественные показатели, охватывающие ключевые аспекты цифрового обеспечения «умного города» в контексте территориального управления. Статья содержит подробное описание методики, ее практическую апробацию на примере города Нового Уренгоя, а также анализ полученных результатов.
Оперативный геодезический мониторинг осадок зданий в зонах проходки тоннелей Московского и Самарского метрополитенов на основе видеогидростатического нивелира
Authors: Кузянов Николай Алексеевич , Васютинский Игорь Юрьевич , Васютинская Станислава Игоревна , Вшивкова Ольга Владимировна
Published: November 2024

Строительство метрополитенов в городах России идет активными темпами и неизбежно будет наращиваться. Прокладка тоннелей метро приводит к нарушениям стабильности положения зданий и сооружений, находящихся в зоне строительства. Возникает необходимость организации оперативного мониторинга положения объектов городской инфраструктуры в период интенсивного строительства. Средства для реализации такого рода мониторинга должны обеспечивать оперативность и высокую точность геодезических измерений, что позволит быстро определять тенденцию возможных деформаций и принимать необходимые меры. В статье представлены конструкция и основные технические параметры видеогидростатического нивелира (ВГН), разработанного и производимого ООО «МОНИТРОН». Главными достоинствами гидростатического нивелира являются возможность одновременного контроля взаимного высотного положения большого числа контролируемых точек сооружения и выполнения измерений в условиях отсутствия прямой видимости между ними. Видеогидростатический нивелир позволяет контролировать уровень жидкости в сосудах на основе компьютерной обработки в телевизионном видеокадре изображений визирных целей, отраженных от поверхности жидкости. Рассмотрены схемы и результаты оперативного мониторинга на основе ВГН осадок зданий в зонах проходки тоннелей Московского и Самарского метрополитенов. Результаты мониторинга показали синхронную динамику результатов измерений в величинах порядка единиц и десятых долей миллиметра при высокой эффективности и надежности работы ВГН и относительной стабильности положения наблюдаемых объектов.
Геодезическое обеспечение мониторинга объектов недвижимости на примере города Якутска
Authors: Аврунев Евгений Ильич , Далбараев Ариан Сергеевич , Радченко Андрей Васильевич
Published: November 2024

Цель научной статьи – разработка и исследование методики геодезического обеспечения деформационного мониторинга объектов недвижимости, а также математического алгоритма, позволяющего априорно оценивать точность параметров проекта геодезической сети специального назначения, предназначенной для реализации этой цели. Для создания геопространства территориального образования, в котором расположены такие объекты, предложено использовать комбинированную пространственную геодезическую сеть специального назначения, в которой первая ступень создается с использованием GNSS-измерений, а вторая ступень – традиционных наземных измерительных технологий. С использованием программного обеспечения, разработанного на кафедре кадастра и территориального планирования, выполнена априорная оценка точности проекта, на основании которой установлено, что при использовании соответствующего измерительного оборудования точность геопространства, определяемая средними квадратическими ошибками такого геодезического построения, может соответствовать поставленным научно-техническим задачам. Предложена структурно-функциональная схема, в которую включены все технологические операции, способные создавать и поддерживать в актуальном состоянии геопространство территориального образования, позволяющее выполнять деформационный мониторинг объектов недвижимости, расположенных на неустойчивом геологическом основании.
Совершенствование методики выполнения инженерно-геодезических изысканий для проектирования подземных коммуникаций
Authors: Мурзинцева Маргарита Владимировна , Минченко Елена Валерьевна , Терещенко Вячеслав Евгеньевич , Мурзинцев Михаил Николаевич
Published: November 2024

Для обеспечения устойчивого развития городской инфраструктуры необходимо строительство различных коммуникаций, в том числе подземных. При проектировании и строительстве подземных коммуникаций выполняются геодезические изыскания, включающие трассирование и вынос в натуру проекта линейного сооружения. Данный вид геодезических работ подразделяется на камеральные и полевые. Камеральная часть изысканий необходима для составления технического проекта. В условиях плотной городской застройки трассирование подземных коммуникаций является трудоемкой задачей вследствие отсутствия наглядности ситуации при пересечении с другими инженерными сооружениями. В настоящее время трассирование подземных коммуникаций производится с использованием топографической съемки в масштабе 1 : 500. Топографический план не всегда отражает взаимное положение коммуникаций в местах их пересечений, что влияет на качество проектирования. Отображение коридора прокладки будущей трассы в 3D-формате повышает информативность топографической документации. С целью повышения информативности геодезических данных для задач проектирования коммуникаций в статье предлагается одновременно с 3D-форматом применять элементы визуализации с использованием снимков, выполненных цифровой камерой. Использовать элементы визуализации целесообразно в местах пересечений коммуникаций, а также при наличии параллельного расположения наземных и подземных коммуникаций. Такое решение позволит в дополнение к существующим условным знакам визуально оценивать пространственное положение коммуникаций без выезда проектировщиков на местность.
Исследование точности измерения длин лазерными дальномерами электронных тахеометров
Authors: Шоломицкий Андрей Аркадьевич , Косарев Николай Сергеевич , Никонов Антон Викторович , Сердаков Леонид Евгеньевич , Соболева Екатерина Леонидовна
Published: November 2024

После введения санкционных ограничений в Российской Федерации стали труднодоступны все высокоточные электронные тахеометры и лазерные трекеры, которые используются в промышленной метрологии для мониторинга состояния и выверки оборудования. В связи с этим исследования, направленные на повышение точности измерения расстояний дальномерами электронных тахеометров, являются важными и актуальными, поскольку они помогут решить назревшую проблему геодезического обеспечения промышленного оборудования. В статье приведены результаты исследований точности измерения длин лазерными дальномерами электронных тахеометров Leica TM30, FOIF RTS005A, FOIF RTS362 с дальномером российского производства. Исследования показали, что в режиме измерений на призму для тахеометров Leica TM30 и FOIF RTS362 возможно повысить точность измерения расстояний путем исключения тренда.
ICT Transformation in Healthcare: A Risk-Based Approach for Climate Adaptation in Low and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Marolla Cesar
Published: November 2024

Climate change is putting pressure on and exacerbating existing stressors and increasing demand for healthcare services. LMICs face a variety of healthcare challenges, the most common of which are caused by systemic and financial limitations, difficulties implementing digital services, problems with outdated technological infrastructure, inadequacy among legislators and healthcare service providers; lack of skills and competence among healthcare professionals; and a lack of information technology upgrades for digital initiatives that have attempted to guarantee the consistent implementation of these services. The paper identifies shortcomings and possibilities in the healthcare systems. However, these projects have been studied on a small scale, making it difficult to determine investment. To achieve scale and sustainability, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and healthcare programs require knowledge-based policies and a strategic business environment that includes all important public and private stakeholders to speed up climate change preventive and response efforts. The literature highlights the necessity of conducting systematic evaluations with an emphasis on health information systems (HIS) to pinpoint the underlying causes and gaps influencing performance. To address issues with the health system and health professionals' abilities to use information and ICT, this article highlights the necessity of a risk management framework that expedites the ICT revolution in healthcare. The paper proposes risk management as one of the most important aspects of ICT for healthcare implementation, as well as approaches for comprehensively assessing healthcare system integration to ICT and identifying the root causes of adverse events to make healthcare more resilient to emerging global health threats.
iNews: An Individualized News Affective Response Dataset
Authors: Hu Tiancheng , Garimella Kiran , Collier Nigel
Published: November 2024

The rise of sensationalism in news reporting, driven by market saturation and online competition, has compromised news quality and trust. At its core, sensationalism aims to evoke affective responses in readers. Current NLP approaches to emotion detection predominantly focus on the writer's perspective and overlook the subjective affective experience across groups and individuals, relying on aggregation techniques that obscure important nuances in reader reactions. To address this gap, we introduce iNews, a novel large-scale dataset capturing subjective affective responses to news headlines from reader's perspective. Our dataset comprises annotations from 291 participants across 2,900 Facebook news posts from major UK outlets, with an average of 5.18 annotators per sample. For each post, annotators provide multifaceted responses including valence, arousal, dominance, discrete emotion labels, content relevance, sharing likelihood, and modality importance (text, image, or both). Furthermore, we collect rich persona variables covering demographics, personality traits, media trust, and consumption patterns. iNews will enable more accurate modeling of affective responses by considering both individual and contextual factors, advancing pluralistic alignment and diverse representation in language technology.