bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El procedimiento ordinario de decisión legislativa y los actos típicos del derecho de la Unión Europea
Authors: Pintos Santiago Jaime
Published: February 2024

En este estudio se introducen los distintos procedimientos de decisión legislativa, centrándonos en el procedimiento. Lo que nos lleva a analizar y estudiar los distintos ejemplos de actos típicos y atípicos de la Unión Europea en materia de contratación pública, todos ellos reflejados y reflejo de la contratación pública. Dentro de estos últimos, los actos atípicos, merece especial mención, por su mensaje ínsito, la reseña a los principios generales de la contratación pública, atendiendo especialmente a los distintos grupos o estadios de clasificación en que podemos incardinar a los principios generales y, específicamente, al principio general de vigencia tecnológica.
Infraestructuras y medio ambiente: una necesaria correlación entre el desarrollo sostenible y el derecho administrativo
Authors: Schiavi Pablo
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el aparente conflicto entre la preservación del medio ambiente y la instalación de infraestructura, así como la repercusión de esta disputa en el escenario jurídico. Se parte, por tanto, del aspecto conceptual para, a través de lo que se entiende por buena administración, comprender cómo el desarrollo nacional debe llevarse a cabo de manera capaz de dialogar tanto el desarrollo económico como la responsabilidad ambiental, percibiendo lo que puede llamarse infraestructura sustentable. A modo ilustrativo, se analiza el aspecto procedimental de las políticas públicas de datos en Uruguay como base de las políticas de desarrollo sostenible, así como los compromisos asumidos por las naciones latinoamericanas.
O poder judiciário no incentivo à adoção de crianças ou adolescentes preteridos e a busca ativa como política pública de efetivação do direito à convivência familiar
Authors: Vieira Ana Elisa Silva Fernandes , Siqueira Dirceu Pereira
Published: February 2024

Analisa-se, neste artigo, o problema público da ineficácia do direito fundamental à convivência familiar para crianças e adolescentes candidatos à adoção e os programas de Busca Ativa implantados nos Tribunais de Justiça como resposta. A relevância deste estudo refere-se ao fato de o direito à convivência familiar ser um direito fundamental, mas que não é exercido por diversas crianças e adolescentes que se encontram nas unidades de acolhimento e não são/serão adotados, devido à preferência dos adotantes por outros perfis de crianças e adolescentes. Utiliza o método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo, com base na hipótese inicial de que o Poder Judiciário deve intervir nas políticas públicas para que se efetive o direito fundamental à convivência familiar e os direitos da personalidade de crianças e adolescentes aptos à adoção. Como técnica de investigação, utiliza a revisão bibliográfica nacional em artigos científicos, livros, físicos e eletrônicos, e fontes secundárias como legislação e informações disponíveis nos sites dos Tribunais sobre os projetos de Busca Ativa. Conclui que o Poder Judiciário é um agente de políticas públicas, e, diante a omissão dos demais poderes, pode agir, ativamente, para solucionar ou amenizar esse problema público, por meio dos programas de Busca Ativa. Embora reconheça que a Busca Ativa não seja a solução definitiva ao problema, trata-se de importante instrumento de efetivação dos direitos fundamentais de crianças e adolescentes.
Using tannery wastes in poultry feed: a matter of concern for safe poultry production in Bangladesh
Authors: ISLAM Md. Saiful , PROTIK Ankur Sarker , ZANNAT Mst. Arefatul , NAIM Zannatul , KABIR Md. Enayet , ASADUZZAMAN Md. , AKTER Mofassara
Published: February 2024

Nowadays tannery waste is a matter of concern because if it used as livestock feed, it could cause health hazards to humans. Therefore, this study was conducted to know the generation rates, utilization, disposal method of tannery solid wastes (TSWs), and inclusion level of it into the poultry feed. Moreover, this study determined the physical and chemical parameters of interest including moisture content, crude protein (CP) levels, and the presence of heavy metals such as chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) in the poultry feeds that were sold in the studied area. For these purposes, a field survey was conducted with twenty tannery industries. Broiler feed samples were procured from multiple farmers situated in the Savar area of Dhaka. The feed source was classified into two categories, namely registered and unregistered feed mills. According to the study, wet blue trimmings was generated in 3.84% that was used as an ingredient of poultry feed. In addition, 55% of tanneries landfilled their waste, while 30% of them sold it for poultry feed. The utilization of TSWs in poultry feed production in this country was limited to a maximum of 1.314% of the total annual production. Besides, the CP% was determined in the range of 24.24 - 13.32 % and 18.15 - 11.01 % for broiler starters and growers, respectively, where lower CP content was found only in unregistered feed mills. Trace amounts of Cr and Pb were identified in each of the feed samples at very low concentrations. In conclusion, it can be stated that the percentage of tannery solid wastes mixed poultry feed was generated in negligible amounts and the registered companies’ feed was found normal in all aspects of the quality tested in the study.
Keywords: Broiler feed, Feed mill, Heavy metal, Physical quality, Tannery solid waste
Performance, carcass weight, total intestinal bacteria, and feed digestibility of broilers fed chicken foot-derived bioactive peptides
Authors: RAHAYU Sri , SUHARTATI Fransisca Maria , HARTOYO Bambang , BATA Muhamad , WIDIYASTUTI Titin , RIMBAWANTO Efka Aris , HIDAYAT Nur , PRIHAMBODO Tri Rachmanto
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the supplementation of chicken claw-derived bioactive peptides on performance, carcass weight, total intestinal bacteria, and feed dry matter (DMD) and organic matter (OMD) digestibility of broilers. A completely randomized design and five repetitions were applied in this experiment. The research material consisted of 200 DOC strain CP-707 grown up to 35 days of age, and the biopeptide was produced by hydrolyzing chicken claws protein with a commercial papain enzyme. Bioactive peptides were added to feed treatments in amounts of 0, 2, 4, and 6%. The differences between treatments were tested using the honestly significant difference test. The addition of chicken claws biopeptides had a significant influence (P<0.01) on OMD and carcass weight, as well as a significant effect (P<0.05) on body weight gain, feed efficiency, DMD and total bacteria. Addition of chicken claws-derived peptides in rations up to 6% enhanced body weight gain, feed efficiency, carcass weight, DMD, OMD, and total intestinal bacteria in broiler chickens.
Keywords: Biopeptides, Chicken, Claw, Digestibility, Carcass quality.
Processing of slaughterhouse blood for antianemic food products
Authors: OMAROV Ruslan , SHLYKOV Sergei
Published: February 2024

Currently, rational processing of blood from slaughterhouses remains as a waste fluid in many regions. Traditional approaches to use the blood for food are significantly limited because of specific and non-favorable organoleptic characteristics. Present study provides a comparison of various methods for modifying the red blood cell (RBC) mass of animals and a more in-depth study of acid hemolysis. The solution of ascorbic acid has been proposed as a hemolyzing agent. There has been established experimentally that the addition of equal volumes of RBC and a solution of an ascorbic acid with a concentration of 0.75 mol/dm3 can effectively destroy the stroma more up 90% of red blood cells within 15 minutes. By this, the hemoglobin oxidation degree to methemoglobin is about 50%, which forms the desired color of the resulting hydrolysate. The dry semi-finished product has a neutral odor and brown color with high functional and technological properties. It also contains 0.9% organic iron with good biological value. Thus, the study shows that blood products can effectively use in various foods such as meat products, and also as a dietary supplement for various proposes. Consumption of these products has potent positive effect on hemoglobin levels and it is recommending for people with iron deficiency anemia.
Efficiency of vacuum dried method on physical, organoleptic and viability properties of lactic acid bacteria synbiotics
Authors: SULISTIYANTO Bambang , UTAMA Cahya Setya , ULIL ALBAB Khanif
Published: February 2024

Vacuum drying storage is a more efficient storage method for synbiotic feeds, compared to fresh storage. The current study aimed to examine the effect of vacuum drying on the physical, organoleptic, and microbiological qualities of synbiotics made from cabbage and Chinese cabbage greens. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design with a 5x3 factorial pattern with two replications consisting of two factors, namely five levels of drying time (24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours) and three levels of storage time (4, 8 and 16 weeks). The variables observed were physical-organoleptic quality in water content, color, odor, and texture, and microbiological quality in the form of total lactic acid bacteria. The results showed no interaction between the two treatments in terms of vacuum drying method, drying time, and storage time. The recommended treatment is drying for 48 hours, as evidenced by the moisture content factor supporting the viability of the lactic acid bacteria and maintaining the sensory properties. This study suggests a more efficient storage method of synbiotics for food applications.
Sosialisasi Dan Pemahaman Masyarakat Tentang Pembuatan Eco Enzyme Serta Pemanfaatannya Dalam Rumah Tangga
Authors: Susana Tabah Trina Sumihar  , Nainggolan Hotden , Elisabeth Sri Pujiastuti  , Ferlist Rio Siahaan  , Albina Ginting  , Yanto Raya Tampubolon
Published: February 2024

This service activity aims to ensure that participants understand the importance of managing household organic waste to overcome environmental problems, increase participants' understanding regarding eco-enzymes and their use in the household; increase participants' understanding regarding the materials used to make eco-enzymes in the household. This counseling was carried out at the Church of HKBP Nommensen Resort Pulu Brayan Medan, to 50  parompuan community (Church Women's Community) of the HKBP Pulu Brayan as participants, then an evaluation was carried out on the 25 participants. The method of this service activity is; socialization by resource persons; discussion and direct practice in making eco-enzymes and evaluation processes. Based on the outreach activities carried out, it was concluded; a) there was an increase in participants' understanding regarding eco-enzymes and their use in the household; b) there was an increase in participants' understanding regarding the materials used to make eco-enzymes in the household; c) socialization and training on making eco enzymes for parompuan community in church of the HKBP Nommensen Pulu Brayan plays a role in increasing participants' knowledge about eco-enzymes and the process of making them, good environmental management, and the use of waste into environmentally friendly products. Based on the conclusions, it is recommended that ongoing outreach activities be carried out and include all members of the church congregation, so that they can utilize organic waste into environmentally friendly products.
Collaborative Risk Management in Food Bio-Packaging Supply Chains: A Qualitative Research
Authors: OCICKA Barbara , TUREK Jolanta
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify the main drivers and types of bioplastic-related risk and to explore the multi-stakeholder collaboration potential for managing this risk in food bio-packaging supply chains. The use of bioplastics in the economy is becoming an important issue from a sustainable development perspective and the need for transformation towards closed-loop economies. Currently, packaging is one of the main users of virgin materials fossil-fuel based as 40% of plastics used in the EU is allocated for packaging (European Green Deal, 2019).
APLIKASI SISTEM PENJUALAN ONLINE PADA TOKO STARS BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Hardiyanti Hardiyanti , Abriyani Gani Astri Yayuk
Published: February 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan sebuah Aplikasi Penjualan Online untuk Toko Stars menggunakan platform web. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, diperlukan teknik perancangan sistem yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan proses yang akan diimplementasikan dalam aplikasi. Metode perancangan sistem yang diterapkan meliputi Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Flowchart sistem yang berjalan, serta Flowchart sistem yang diusulkan. Selain itu, perancangan basis data juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) dan merancang relasi tabel yang sesuai. Hasil dari pembuatan aplikasi penjualan online ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam mempermudah proses transaksi jual beli secara online di Toko Stars, meningkatkan efisiensi, dan memperluas jangkauan pasar bagi Toko Stars dalam industri perdagangan elektronik.
ALGORITMA BACKPROPAGATION DALAM MEMPREDIKSI JUMLAH PENDUDUK YANG BELUM MELAKUKAN PEREKAMAN KTP ELEKTRONIK DI KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Rifaldhi Hamid Muhammad , Henny Henny , Sulkifli Said Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Penelititian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan algoritma backpropagation dalam memprediksi jumlah penduduk yang belum melakukan perekaman ktp elektronik di kota kendari, adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur, pengumpulan data, tempat penelitian, tahapan dan Teknik backpropagation, analisis kebutuhan, perancangan  sistem dan implementasi sistem. Manfaat yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini yaitu sebuah backprogation   yang dapat memudahkan pemerintah kota Kendari dalam hal ini Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kota Kendari mengolah data kependudukan. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa form yang akan tampil pada seperti form Data Kecamatan, Data, Proses, dan hasil. Dalam algoritma backpragation berhasil membantu pemerintah kota Kendari terutama dinas kependudukan dan catatan sipil kota Kendari dalam mengolah data kependudukan dan memprediksi jumlah penduduk yang belum melakukan perekaman KTP elektronik dikota Kendari. Berdasarkan hasil dari pembahasan serta pengujian yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa Algoritma Backpropagation dalam memprediksi jumlah penduduk yang belum melakukan perekam KTP elektronik di Kota Kendari yang telah dibangun sudah sesuai dengan tujuan awal penelitian
PERANAN ANALISIS JABATAN DALAM PENEMPATAN PEGAWAI DI KANTOR CAMAT TALLO KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: IBRAHIM IBRAHIM , TAMRIN USMAN
Published: February 2024

This research aims to determine the role of job analysis in employee placement at the Tallo sub-district office, Makassar City. This research is a qualitative research. The unit of analysis for this research is an organization, namely the organization of the Tallo District Head Office, Makassar City. Data collection techniques use interviews, observation and document review. Judging from the categories of data that will be used, this type of research is descriptive qualitative. The results of the research show that in the Tallo District Office, Makassar City, there are 2 sub-divisions and 5 sections, with quite detailed job descriptions, so that the existing job descriptions have been implemented well because there is adequate understanding of each job description which is supported by the responsibilities in Carrying out your duties well, even with awareness of your obligations as an employee, which is implemented regarding the use of working time in accordance with existing regulations, is a guarantee that the workload will be met as expected.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan analisis jabatan dalam penempatan pegawai di kantor camat Tallo kota Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Unit analisis penelitian ini adalah organisasi, yaitu organisasi Kantor Camat Tallo Kota Makassar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Ditinjau dari kategori data yang akan digunakan, maka jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptip. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Kantor Kecamatan Tallo Kota Makassar terdapat 2 Sub Bagian dan 5 seksi, dengan job diskripsi yang cukup terperinci, sehingga job diskripsi yang ada telah dilaksanakan dengan baik karena adanya pemahaman yang memadai terhadap uraian tugas masing-masing yang ditunjang oleh tanggung dalam melaksanakan tugas dengan baik, bahkan dengan kesadaran akan kewajiban sebagai pegawai yang diimplementasikan terhadap penggunaan waktu kerja sesuai peraturan yang ada adalah menjadi jaminan akan termuatnya beban kerja sesuai yang diharapkan.
PENANAMAN NILAI RELIGIUS MELALUI PROGRAM INFAQ
Authors: SUSANTI AGUS , RAHMATIKA ZAHRA , ISTIANA AIS , ARAFAH ABDUL LATIEF ARUNG
Published: February 2024

The acceleration of globalization has led to the emergence of traits of wanting to reveal one's identity, such as wealth and arrogance. This also happens in educational institutions, especially in schools, so it is necessary to instill religious values by the school, one of which is through infaq. This research aims to analyze the instillation of religious values and determine the supporting and inhibiting factors in instilling religious values through student donations at MA Bandar Lampung. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods, and uses source triangulation and technical triangulation in data collection. The results of the research show that in MA Bandar Lampung implements infaq using two methods: through the smart Islamic boarding school application for infaq and cash payments. The fees collected every week are 150-300 thousand rupiah and are used for social activities such as natural disasters and bereavement at school. In its implementation, the cultivation of religious values through infaq at MA Bandar Lampung is supported by students' explanations regarding infaq from the moment they enter school and continuous habituation is carried out by the school. Infaq planting is also supported by several factors, namely: reminders from the infaq committee, support from parents with financial adequacy and high awareness. The factor that hinders the process of instilling religious values through infaq is the lack of pocket money for some students so that the amount of infaq results is small.
ABSTRAKPercepatan globalisasi menyebabkan munculnya sifat ingin memunculkan jati diri seperti harta dan kesombongan. Inipun terjadi di lembaga pendidikan khususnya di sekolah sehingga diperlukan penanaman nilai religius oleh pihak sekolah salah satunya melalui infaq. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa penanaman nilai religius serta mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam penanaman nilai religius melalui infaq siswa di MA Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik dalam pengumpulan datanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di MA Bandar Lampung menerapkan infaq menggunakan dua cara : melalui aplikasi smart pesantren untuk berinfaq dan pembayaran cash. Biaya yang terkumpul setiap minggunya yakni 150-300 ribu rupiah dan digunakan untuk kegiatan sosial seperti bencana alam, dan duka di sekolah. Dalam pelaksanaannya penanaman nilai religius melalui infaq di MA Bandar Lampung didukung oleh penjelasan siswa mengenai infaq sejak awal masuk ke sekolah dan dilakukan pembiasaan terus menerus oleh pihak sekolah. Penanaman infaq juga didukung oleh beberapa faktor yaitu : adanya reminder dari panitia infaq, adanya dukungan dari orang tua dengan kecukupan finansial serta kesadaran tinggi. Adapun faktor yang menghambat proses penanaman nilai religius melalui infaq yaitu kurangnya uang jajan pada sebagian siswa sehingga jumlah hasil infaq kecil.
Measurement report: The Palau Atmospheric Observatory and its ozonesonde record – continuous monitoring of tropospheric composition and dynamics in the tropical western Pacific
Authors: Müller Katrin , Tradowsky Jordis S. , von der Gathen Peter , Ritter Christoph , Patris Sharon , Notholt Justus , Rex Markus
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The tropical western Pacific is recognized as an important region for stratosphere–troposphere exchange but lies in a data-sparse location that had a measurement gap in the global ozone sounding network. The Palau Atmospheric Observatory (PAO, approx. 7.3∘ N, 134.5∘ E) was established to study the atmospheric composition above the remote tropical western Pacific with a comprehensive instrumental setup. Since 2016, two laboratory containers in Palau host a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer; a lidar (micro-lidar until 2016, cloud and aerosol lidar from 2018); a Pandora 2S photometer; and laboratory space for weather balloon soundings with ozone, water vapor, aerosol, and radiosondes. In this analysis, we focus on the continuous, fortnightly ozone sounding program with electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesondes. The aim of this study is to introduce the PAO and its research potential, present the first observation of the typical seasonal cycle of tropospheric ozone in the tropical western Pacific based on a multiannual record of in situ observations, and investigate major drivers of variability and seasonal variation from January 2016 until December 2021​​​​​​​ related to the large-scale atmospheric circulation. We present the PAO ozone (O3) volume mixing ratios (VMR) and relative humidity (RH) time series complemented by other observations. The site is exposed to year-round high convective activity reflected in dominating low O3 VMR and high RH. In 2016, the impact of the strong El Niño is evident as a particularly dry, ozone-rich episode. The main modulator of annual tropospheric O3 variability is identified as the movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), with the lowest O3 VMR in the free troposphere during the ITCZ position north of Palau. An analysis of the relation of O3 and RH for the PAO and selected sites from the Southern Hemispheric Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) network reveals three different regimes. Palau's O3 / RH distribution resembles the one in Fiji, Java and American Samoa but is unique in its seasonality and its comparably narrow Gaussian distribution around low O3 VMR and the evenly distributed RH. A previously found bimodal distribution of O3 VMR and RH could not be seen for the full Palau record but only during specific seasons and years. Due to its unique remote location, Palau is an ideal atmospheric background site to detect changes in air dynamics imprinted on the chemical composition of the tropospheric column. The efforts to establish, run and maintain the PAO have succeeded to fill an observational gap in the remote tropical western Pacific and give good prospects for ongoing operations. The ECC sonde record will be integrated into the SHADOZ database in the near future.
Bayesian multi-proxy reconstruction of early Eocene latitudinal temperature gradients
Authors: Eichenseer Kilian , Jones Lewis A.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Accurately reconstructing large-scale palaeoclimatic patterns from sparse local records is critical for understanding the evolution of Earth's climate. Particular challenges arise from the patchiness, uneven spatial distribution, and disparate nature of palaeoclimatic proxy records. Geochemical data typically provide temperature estimates via transfer functions derived from experiments. Similarly, transfer functions based on the climatic requirements of modern taxa exist for some fossil groups, such as pollen assemblages. In contrast, most ecological and lithological data (e.g. coral reefs and evaporites) only convey information on broad climatic requirements. Historically, most large-scale proxy-based reconstructions have used either geochemical or ecological data, but few studies have combined multiple proxy types into a single quantitative reconstruction. Large spatial gaps in existing proxy records have often been bridged by simple averaging, without taking into account the spatial distribution of samples, leading to biased temperature reconstructions. Here, we present a Bayesian hierarchical model to integrate ecological data with established geochemical proxies into a unified quantitative framework, bridging gaps in the latitudinal coverage of proxy data. We apply this approach to the early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO), the interval with the warmest sustained temperatures of the Cenozoic. Assuming the conservation of thermal tolerances of modern coral reefs and mangrove taxa, we establish broad sea surface temperature ranges for EECO coral reef and mangrove sites. We integrate these temperature estimates with the EECO geochemical shallow marine proxy record to model the latitudinal sea surface temperature gradient and global average temperatures of the EECO. Our results confirm the presence of a flattened latitudinal temperature gradient and unusually high polar temperatures during the EECO, which is supported by high-latitude ecological data. We show that integrating multiple types of proxy data, and adequate prior information, has the potential to enhance quantitative palaeoclimatic reconstructions, improving temperature estimates from datasets with limited spatial sampling.
A quality-assured dataset of nine radiation components observed at the Shangdianzi regional GAW station in China (2013–2022)
Authors: Quan Weijun , Wang Zhenfa , Qiao Lin , Zheng Xiangdong , Jin Junli , Li Yinruo , Yin Xiaomei , Ma Zhiqiang , Wild Martin
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The New Baseline Surface Radiation (NBSR) system was established at the Shangdianzi (SDZ) regional Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) station in 2013 to observe nine broadband radiation components, i.e. the global, direct, diffuse, and upwelling shortwave irradiance (GSWI, DSWI, DifSWI, and UpSWI); the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); the ultraviolet irradiance (UVAI and UVBI); and the down- and upwelling longwave irradiance (DnLWI and UpLWI). To test the 1 min raw radiometric data, a Hybrid Algorithm for Radiation Data Quality Control (HARDQC) is presented in this study based on well-established methods, together with the solar irradiance dataset and the spectral features of the instrument bands. Subsequently, a NBSR dataset, which consists of radiation data at multiple timescales (i.e. 1 min, hourly, daily, monthly, monthly average hourly, and monthly average daily) over 2013–2022, is established and evaluated. Results show that more than 98.7 % of all radiation components passed the physical possibility test. The percentages of those that passed the extremely rare test are greater than 98.6 % for all radiation components except for the DnLWI (97.1 %). The percentages of those that passed the comparison test are greater than 83.3 % (GSWI), 78.3 % (DSWI), 81.7 % (DifSWI), 93.1 % (UpSWI), 88.9 % (PAR), 95.6 % (UVAI), 96.3 % (UVBI), 99.8 % (DnLWI), and 99.7 % (UpLWI), respectively. Due to data logger faults, removal of the instruments for calibration, and lightning strikes, some apparent data gaps in the upwelling radiation components (January 2015–August 2017) and all radiation components (December 2018; July to September 2021) were detected. Despite the existence of a few imperfections in the NBSR dataset, it is still reliable to apply it in many fields such as the validation of satellite products and numerical models, the investigation of relationships between radiation and atmospheric composition, and the detection of changes in the surface fluxes. The dataset described in this paper is available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.963330 (Quan et al., 2023b).
High-resolution digital outcrop model of the faults, fractures, and stratigraphy of the Agardhfjellet Formation cap rock shales at Konusdalen West, central Spitsbergen
Authors: Betlem Peter , Birchall Thomas , Lord Gareth , Oldfield Simon , Nakken Lise , Ogata Kei , Senger Kim
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry has become an important tool for the digitalisation of outcrops as digital outcrop models (DOMs). DOMs facilitate the mapping of stratigraphy and discontinuous structures like folds, faults, and fractures from the centimetre to kilometre scale. With pristine, treeless exposures, the outcropping strata in Svalbard, Arctic Norway, hold exceptional potential for analogue studies and are ideally suited for the acquisition of high-resolution DOMs. Here, we present the acquisition, processing, and integration of the Konusdalen West digital model data set, comprising both DOM and derived digital terrain model (DTM) data. Drone-based image acquisition took place over 2 weeks in July and August 2020. The Konusdalen West DOM and DTM cover a 0.12 km2 area and span a 170 m elevation difference. The DOM covers the upper two-thirds of the mudstone-dominated Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Agardhfjellet Formation. The Agardhfjellet Formation and its time equivalents are regional cap rocks for CO2 sequestration and petroleum accumulations on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. A total of 15 differential GNSS control points were used to georeference and quality assure the digital data assets, 5 of which function as reference checkpoints. SfM processing of 5512 acquired images resulted in high-confidence, centimetre-scale resolution point clouds, textured mesh (DOM), tiled model, orthomosaics, and a DTM. The confidence-filtered dense cloud features an average inter-point distance of 1.57 cm and has an average point density of 3824.9 points per metre. The five checkpoints feature root mean square errors of 2.0 cm in X, 1.3 cm in Y, 5.2 cm in Z, and 5.7 cm in XYZ. Increased confidences and densities are present along the western flank of the Konusdalen West outcrop, where a fault fracture network in mudstone-dominated strata is best exposed and photographed most extensively. Top and side view orthomosaics feature maximum resolutions of 8 mm per pixel, enabling the mapping of faults, formation members, marker beds, fractures, and other sub-centimetre features. Additional structural measurements and observations were taken in June 2021 to place the data in the geological context. Data described in this paper can be accessed at Norstore under https://doi.org/10.11582/2022.00027
(Betlem, 2022b).
Probabilistic reconstruction of sea-level changes and their causes since 1900
Authors: Dangendorf Sönke , Sun Qiang , Wahl Thomas , Thompson Philip , Mitrovica Jerry X. , Hamlington Ben
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Coastal communities around the world are increasingly exposed to extreme events that have been exacerbated by rising sea levels. Sustainable adaptation strategies to cope with the associated threats require comprehensive understanding of past and possible future changes. Yet, many coastlines lack accurate long-term sea level observations. Here, we introduce a novel probabilistic near-global reconstruction of relative sea-level changes and their causes over the period 1900 to 2021. The reconstruction is based on tide gauge records and incorporates prior knowledge about physical processes from ancillary observations and geophysical model outputs. We demonstrate good agreement between the reconstruction and satellite altimetry and tide gauges (if local vertical land motion is considered). Validation against steric height estimates based on independent temperature and salinity observations over their overlapping periods shows moderate to good agreement in terms of variability, though with larger trends in three out of six regions. The linear long-term trend of the resulting global mean sea level (GMSL) record is 1.5±0.19 mmyr-1 since 1900, a value consistent with central estimates from the 6th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Multidecadal trends in GMSL have varied with enhanced rates in the 1930s, near-zero rates in the 1960s, and a persistent acceleration (0.08±0.04 mmyr-2) thereafter. As a result, most recent rates have exceeded 4 mmyr-1. Largest regional rates (>10 mmyr-1) over the same period have been detected in coastal areas near western boundary currents and the larger tropical Indo-Pacific region. Barystatic mass changes due to ice-melt and terrestrial water storage variations have dominated the sea-level acceleration at global scales, but sterodynamic processes are the most crucial factor locally, particularly at low latitudes and away from major melt sources. These results demonstrate that the new reconstruction provides valuable insights into historical sea-level change and its contributing causes complementing observational records in areas where they are sparse or absent.
A mathematical model to improve water storage of glacial lakes prediction towards addressing glacial lake outburst floods
Authors: Qi Miaomiao , Liu Shiyin , Gao Yongpeng , Xie Fuming , Veh Georg , Xiao Letian , Jing Jinlong , Zhu Yu , Wu Kunpeng
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Moraine-dammed glacial lakes are vital sources of freshwater but also pose a hazard to mountain communities if they drain in sudden glacial lake outburst floods. Accurately measuring the water storage of these lakes is crucial to ensure sustainable use and safeguard mountain communities downstream. However, thousands of glacial lakes still lack a robust estimate of their water storages because bathymetric surveys in remote regions are difficult and expensive. Here we geometrically approximate the shape and depths of moraine-dammed lakes and provide a cost-effective model to improve lake water storage estimation. Our model uses the outline and the terrain surrounding a glacier lake as input data, assuming a parabolic lake bottom and constant hillslope angles. We validate our model using ten new bathymetrically surveyed glacial lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and compiled data from 34 recently measured lakes. Our model overcomes the autocorrelation issue inherent in earlier area/depth-water storage relationships and incorporates an automated calculation process based on the topography and geometrical parameters specific to moraine-dammed lakes. Compared to other models, our model achieved the lowest average relative error of approximately 14 % when analyzing 44 observed data, surpassing the >44 % average relative error from alternative models. Finally, the model is used to calculate the water storage change of moraine-dammed lakes in the past 30 years in High Mountain Asia. The model has been proven to be robust and can be utilized to update the water storage of lake water for conducting further management of glacial lakes with the potential for outburst floods in the world.
Joint optimal operation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project considering the evenness of water deficit
Authors: Zhou Bing-Yi , Fang Guo-Hua , Li Xin , Zhou Jian , Zhong Hua-Yu
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Inter-basin water transfer projects are the main measure to address the water deficit crisis caused by uneven distribution of water resources. The current water transfer operation mainly tends to be present in areas with small water transfer costs and is prone to encounter the problem of spatial and temporal imbalances in water allocation. To address these issues, this paper defines a water deficit evenness index (WDEI), aimed at minimizing regional differences in water scarcity and sharing the pressure of water scarcity as a social demand objective. This index is incorporated into a joint optimization model for the Jiangsu section of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (J-SNWDP), which comprises both the ecological objective of the total water deficit (TWD) and the economic objective of the pumping water (PW). Further, the Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III) and multi-attribute decision-making were applied to solve the model and obtain an optimal operation strategy. The results showed the following: (1) the WDEI defined in this paper can mitigate the synchronized water scarcity in certain water users. In typical normal years (wet year and dry year), the WDEI shows a reduction of 94.2 % (81.8 %, 76.7 %) compared to the historical operation strategy. (2) The optimized operation strategy can significantly reduce TWD and PW by 82.06% (37.69 %, 52.36 %) and 45.13 % (3.25 %, 21.51 %) compared with the historical values, respectively, which can improve the water supply satisfaction and reduce the project cost. At the same time, the lake storage capacity of the optimal operation strategy performs well, and the water transfer efficiency of the river is significantly improved. (3) In this paper, targeted optimal operation strategies and potential ways to secure the project tasks are proposed for different natural flow. Overall, it is of great significance to study the water supply equity in the J-SNWDP to alleviate the concentrated water deficit in Jiangsu Province and other similar regions.
Ice plate deformation and cracking revealed by an in situ-distributed acoustic sensing array
Authors: Xie Jun , Zeng Xiangfang , Liang Chao , Ni Sidao , Chu Risheng , Bao Feng , Lin Rongbing , Chi Benxin , Lv Hao
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Studying seismic sources and wave propagation in ice plates can provide valuable insights into understanding various processes, such as ice structure dynamics, migration, fracture mechanics and mass balance. However, the harsh environment makes it difficult to conduct in situ dense seismic observations. Consequently, our understanding of the dynamic changes within the ice sheet remains insufficient. We conducted a seismic experiment using a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) array on a frozen lake, exciting water vibrations through underwater airgun shots. By employing an artificial intelligence method, we were able to detect seismic events that include both high-frequency icequakes and low-frequency events. The icequakes clustered along ice fractures and their activity correlated with local temperature variations. The waveforms of low-frequency events exhibit characteristics of flexural-gravity waves, which offers insights into the properties of the ice plate. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of an DAS array as an in situ dense seismic network for investigating the internal failure process and dynamic deformation of ice plates such as the ice shelf, which may contribute to an enhanced comprehension and prediction of ice shelf disintegration.
مقاربات نقدية في فن القصة القصيرة نُقّاد سوريا نموذجاً
Authors: Abdulmajeed Ghassan , Harbaoui Chaima
Published: February 2024

تُظهر هذه الدراسة الجهود النقدية التي قام بها النقاد السوريين في دراستهم لفنّ القصة القصيرة، حيث احتكمت هذه الجهود إلى مرجعيات تنتمي إلى مناهج مختلفة تتناوب بين التاريخية، والواقعية، والنفسية،

كما سعت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن تلك المرجعيات النظرية، التي استندت إليها العملية النقدية في التسعينيات المقاربة لفن القصة القصيرة، ومدى استيعاب النقاد في سورية لها، والكشف عن مدى التوافق الحاصل بين المستويين النظري والإجرائي، ومواءمة المنهجية المتبعة لخصائص النص المدروس، ولم أعول في هذه الدراسة على تصريحات النقاد فقط، والتي من شأنها أن تعرف بالمنهجية النقدية المتبعة، بل من خلال استبصار العملية النقدية من داخل المتن النقدي، لأن نقد التسعينيات أظهر نوعاً من التضليل، الذي مارسه بعض النقاد وذلك عندما يصدرون متونهم النقدية بمنهجية ما، ومن ثم يناقضونها في الآلية، التي اشتغلوا بها.
Impact on Student’s Achievement in Learning Science after COVID-19 at Grade 8th
Authors: Kausar Fahd Naveed , Butt Faiza Unsar
Published: February 2024

The objective of the study was to find out the impact of students’ achievement in learning science after covid-19. The current study was the survey in nature and quantitative approach was used for the present study. In order to collect data from school students and to check their interest in science and online learning during and after COVID-19 we used one questionnaire and one achievement test. The population of this study were male and female 8th grade school students from one public and two private institutes of Lahore District. A sample of this research was 100  male and females students of the Public School; Laboratory High School IER PU, Private School; The Pilot School and Private Academy; Adan Science Academy, Lahore by using convenient sampling technique. The instrument of the study was questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used. The findings of the study was revealed that there was a highly significant impact of students’ achievement in learning science after covid-19.
A Study of Characters’ Speech and Thought Presentation in Sidhwa’s Work Water: A Stylistic Analysis
Authors: Khan Mamona Yasmin , Sajjad Shizra Anum
Published: February 2024

The present study aims at analyzing the speech modes and thought modes presentation in the novel Water (2006) by Sidhwa. The objectives of the study are to analyze the types and the quantitative distribution of the speech modes and thought modes presentation to reveal the characters in the selected novel Water (2006) by Sidhwa. The data has been collected after the close reading of the novel and then categorized according to the checklist of the Semino and Short (2004) model. The total number of 564 sentences extracted from the novel and out of which 520 are speech modes presentations and 44 are the thought modes presentations. The mixed methodology has been used in the present study. The present study carried out by using the Semino and Short (2004) model of speech modes and thought modes presentation for the analysis. The findings of the study have represented that DS and FDS have been analyzed the most occurring speech presentations in the novel which revealed that the author has given the authority to the characters. The characters speech modes presentation represented as the dominant in the novel. The IS of speech modes presentation has not been analyzed in the extracts of novel. The thought modes presentations have been analyzed as least occurred in the extracts of novel. The FIT has been analyzed as the most occurring thought modes presentations in the extracts of the novel which represented that the narrator has represented the ongoing thoughts in the minds of the characters. The future implications has been given as the comparative study of all speech modes and thoughts can be done and of male and female characters can also be carried out by using Semino and Short (2004) model.
Gendered Language: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Pakistani Dramas
Authors: Kiani Sadaf , Umar Lubna , Sultan Ameer
Published: February 2024

This study analyzes language used by female characters in selected Pakistani Dramas to explore how discourse plays a role in gender construction and its impact in revealing the ideology of the speakers in the Pakistani context. This study employs van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis approach and Robin Lakoff’s deficit approach towards gendered language as its research framework. It investigates that gender biased discourse portrays females as dependent, indecisive, weak and lacking in confidence. The study investigates gender disparities in depiction of male and female characters in these dramas and explores the role of media discourse in constructing stereotypical image of women in Pakistani Urdu dramas. It also highlights the changing trends in the Pakistani context.  The study highlights a total of five linguistic features which includes tag questions, lexical hedges, adjectives, polite expressions and use of questions to represent the image of females in Pakistani Urdu dramas. The analysis reveals that gendered stereotypes are being broken using linguistic features by the female characters. Language used for conforming is now being reverted and used to confront instead. Moreover, the use of empty adjectives, it was seen are used by both genders equally.
Glorification of Misogyny and Violence in Pakistani Tv Dramas and its Impact on Young Women in Karachi
Authors: Zulfiqar Fatima , Hafeez Erum , Aziz Atif
Published: February 2024

Pakistani TV dramas package and glorify misogynistic behavior as gestures of romance. It systematically portrays man-handling, eve-teasing, stalking, assault as normalized behaviors necessary to control women. Stereotypical tropes are reinforced regarding both genders, sustaining the status quo between them. Such content when aired on national television distorts the notion of consent, self-expression, freedom, and right to dignity in the minds of the audience. This research aims to explore how Pakistani TV dramas have portrayed violence against women under the guise of romantic myths over the past fifteen years and how this narrative when displayed to the audience contributes to the normalcy of abuse against women. The study aspires to provide insights that can benefit women in Karachi to understand how various storylines incorporated in dramas glorify violence under the pretext of romance, honor, and tradition. The research consists of both qualitative and quantitative analysis, in which 250 women were included in the survey and seven industry experts were interviewed.
Understanding the Despotic Leadership and Perception of Politics in relation to Employee Outcome: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Mughal Indra , Syed Sumaiya , Mughal Doolah Darya Khan , Maitlo Ayaz Ali
Published: February 2024

Since the turn of the millennium, the dark side of leadership is increasing scholarly attention both in general and specific contexts. Every organization may try to either reduce or exaggerate the prevalence and impact of despotic leadership and perception of politics. It is therefore pertinent to explore antecedents and outcomes of despotic leadership and POP and their relationship at the workplace. The purpose of this research is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the academic literature addressing despotic leadership and the perception of politics (POP) inside organizations broadly. A total of 108 papers from 99 peer-reviewed journals met the criteria after a comprehensive and methodical search.  Using what they've learned about despotic leadership behavior and how people see politics in general, the researchers rely on previous work on both topics before integrating them into their own theoretical framework. As a result of their efforts, a thorough framework is established, which classifies the sources cited and describes the causes and effects of POP and despotic leadership. This research lays the groundwork for further studies in the area by offering a critical review of the existing literature on despotic leadership and how people perceive organization politics.
Crafting the Customer’ Positive Affect Experience and Loyalty towards the Omni-channel Banking Sector in Pakistan: A Two-staged Classical-SEM and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Approach
Authors: Amir Muhammad Pervaiz , Saleem Hassan Mujtaba Nawaz , Iqbal Jawad
Published: February 2024

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the six aspects (transaction information, information access, promotion, product and price, order fulfilment, and customer service) of   Omnichannel marketing strategies on the customer's positive affect experience and additionally study the impact of the positive affect experience on the customer loyalty. To achieve this purpose, we applied the online survey-questionnaire data collection technique while using the non-probabilistic convenience sampling technique to collect 453 data from the customers of those banks in Pakistan that implemented the Omnichannel strategies in their business operations. The Covariance-Based Structural Equations Model (CBSEM) results show that all the Omnichannel strategies significantly and positively impact customer positive affect experience except the integrated promotion while customer positive affect experience also positively impact customer loyalty. The results of this study's Artificial Neural Network (ANN) show that integrated customer service and product and price were the most important predictors of the positive customer experience in the Omnichannel banking sector in Pakistan. These outcomes of this study also provide various theoretical and managerial implications in the existing literature on the Omnichannel.