bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Study of Patients with Non-inflammatory Benign Breast Disease at Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Chattogram
Authors: Siddiqui Md Ataur Rahman , Rahman Md Shahinur , Baki Abdullah Al
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Breast lump is a very common problem among females attending surgical outpatient department. Its development and growth are under the control of various hormones and various physiological statuses like menstruation, pregnancy, lactation and menopause.
Objectives: To evaluate the clinicopathological status of patients with non-inflammatory benign breast disease (NIBBD).
Methods: This clinical study was conducted at the department of surgery, CMH Chattogram, this study was done during January 2018 to May 2019. Patient presented with breast lump, nipple discharge, sinus and mastalgia in whom histopathology revealed any type of non-malignant BBD were included in the study. Patient treated on outdoor patient basis were excluded and patient with malignant breast lesions or acute breast abscess requiring incision and drainage were excluded from the study.
Results: Majority of the patients, 41(74.5%) had breast lump followed by 10(18.2%) had breast pain, 6(10.9%) had nipple discharge and 3(5.5%) had enlargement of breast. Most of the site was found unilaterally 54(98.2%). Majority of the patients, 27(49.1%) had fibroadenoma, 14(25.5%) had fibrocystic diseases, 10(18.2%) had fibroadenosis, 2(3.6%) had duct ectasia, 1(1.8%) had cystosarcoma Phyllodes and 1(1.8%) had Lipoma.
Conclusion: Maximum age group was 3rd to 4th decade. Most of the patients clinically presented with lumps in the breast followed by pain, enlargement of breast, fever and nipple discharge. Mostly encountered breast lesion was fibroadenoma other common lesion were found fibrocystic diseases, fibroadenosis, duct ectasia, cystosarcomaphyllodes and Lipoma.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 19, No 1 (June) 2023: 27-30
Outcome of External Dacryocystorhinostomy Operation with and without Posterior Nasal Mucosal Flap Suturing Technique in Combined Military Hospitals of Bangladesh
Authors: Akhter Amina
Published: March 2024

Introduction: External Dacryocystorhinostomy is an anastomosing operation which creates a fistula between the medial wall of lacrimal sac and lateral wall of nasal cavity.
Objectives: To compare the success rate by suturing both the anterior and posterior nasal mucosal flaps and without suturing the posterior nasal mucosal flap in External DCR surgery of 50 cases in different Combined Military Hospitals (CMH) of Bangladesh.
Methods: The study included 50 cases of Chronic Dacryocystitis patients with symptoms of epiphora and blocked Sac Patency Test (SPT). External Dacryocysto- rhinostomy (DCR) surgery was done by same surgeon in different CMH over the period of 02 years extending from January 2016 to December 2017. Total 50 patients were divided into equal 02 groups. Group A underwent External DCR with silicone tube intubation and both anterior and posterior nasal mucosal flaps were sutured. Group B underwent similar DCR surgery where only anterior nasal mucosal flaps were sutured with lacrimal sac flap and posterior mucosal flap was excised completely.
Results: External DCR surgery success rate was evaluated by a patent SPT at 03 months, 06 months and 12 months post operatively in both groups. SPT was successful in 92% cases in group A and 96% in group B at 3 months follow up after silicone tube removal. At 6 months reduction of epiphora occurred in 90% cases in Group A and 96% cases in Group B with unchanged SPT percentage. At 12 months follow up result remained unchanged as found at 6 months. There was significant difference in success rate of two different surgical technique. Quality of surgery improved with less intraoperative complications with shorter surgical time when only anterior nasal mucosal flap was sutured with excision of posterior nasal flap.
Conclusion: This study suggested that comparing both the techniques of with and without suturing anterior and posterior nasal mucosal flaps in external DCR surgery, the later one makes considerable improvement in success rate of DCR. Excising the posterior nasal mucosal flaps can reduce operation time, improve operation technique and reduced epiphora post surgically.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 19, No 1 (June) 2023: 31-33
Penangkapan Sebagai Bentuk Upaya Paksa Penegakan Hukum Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia
Authors: Suherman Asep
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out the procedures for making forced efforts to arrest suspected perpetrators of criminal acts, and how to overcome obstacles in the process of arresting suspected perpetrators of criminal acts. The research method used is normative research.While the approach used is the conceptual approach and the legal approach. In the context of enforcement law through forced arrest efforts, it can be done through a warrant and without an arrest warrant. And in making arrests always upholding the rights and dignity of the perpetrators are not discriminatory and always put forward the principle of presumption of innocence.Keywords: Arrest, Law Enforcement, Forced Efforts, Criminal Court. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tata cara melakukan upaya paksa dalam penangkapan terhadap terduga pelaku tindak pidana, dan cara mengatasi hambatan dalam proses penangkapan terhadap terduga pelaku tindak pidana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normative. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Dalam rangka penegakan hukum melalui upaya paksa penangkapan, dapat dilakukan melalui surat perintah dan tanpa surat perintah penangkapan. Serta dalam melakukan penangkapan penyelidik belum semuanya menjunjung tinggi hak asasi dan harkat martabat pelaku sehingga masih ditemukan tindakan diskriminatif dan perlu adanya upaya selalu mengedepankan asas praduga tak bersalah. Kata Kunci: Penangkapan, Penegakan Hukum, Peradilan Pidana, Upaya Paksa.
PENTINGNYA HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL SEBAGAI HAK BENDA BAGI HAK CIPTA ATAU MERK PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Latifiani Dian , Azzahra Alya Fatimah , Triwanida Oktora
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pentingnya hak kekayaan intelektual bagi hak cipta perusahaan. Hak kekayaan intelektual dapat berpengaruh besar bagi perusahaan, walaupun selama ini hak kekayaan tersebut masih disepelekan oleh sebagian perusahaan di Indonesia namun hal tersebut malah menghasilkan aset yang menguntungkan dari aset yang lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif yaitu mendeskripsikan persoalan mengenai peran dan pentingnya hak kekayaan intelektual di Indonesia. Hak kekayaan intelektual merupakan hak yang berasal dari ide, imajinasi dan pikiran manusia yang dapat menghasilkan sebuah produk atau sesuatu yang menguntungkan. Hak kekayaan intelektual yang berhubungan dengan perusahaan adalah mengenai hak cipta perusahaan dimana hak cipta tersebut menjadi sebuah aktiva di perusahaan, seperti yang tertuang dalam Pasal 16 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta (UUHC), hak cipta tersebut merupakan benda bergerak tidak berwujud atau hak kekayaan intelektual.
DEGRADASI MAKNA REFORMA AGRARIA DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA
Authors: Farid Achmad Miftah
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAKKonsep Reforma Agraria merupakan salah satu cita hukum yang dicanangkan dalam Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria (UUPA). Seiring perkembangan zaman, UUPA kesulitan untuk mengatur hal-hal teknis yang berkaitan dengan pertanahan karena substansi UUPA hanya mengatur hal-hal yang pokok. Pada tahun 2020, Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja lahir sebagai bentuk akomodasi dari berbagai macam undang-undang ke dalam satu undang-undang. Namun, Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja khususnya Bab Pengadaan Tanah belum mampu mengakomodir masalah agraria yang terjadi. Sebaliknya, justru mengundang masalah baru dengan sistem yang sebelumnya terjadi pada RUU Pertanahan yang batal diundangkan. RUU Pertanahan sendiri dibatalkan karena mengandung substansi yang tidak berpihak kepada rakyat, namun hal tersebut justru diwujudkan dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja. Masalah pada Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja sendiri cenderung mengubah arah pandangan Reforma Agraria yang seharusnya berprinsip keadilan sosial, tetapi kini justru mengarah pada prinsip kapitalis. Hal ini menimbulkan degradasi makna Reforma Agraria sebagaimana dicita-citakan dalam UUPA.
Revisão integrativa: Impacto da Long Covid na qualidade de vida e estado de saúde de profissionais da saúde, o que a literatura nos diz?
Authors: Santos Maria Renata da Silva , Silva Kayllane Kelssiney da , Conceição Ewerton Henrique da , Barbosa Danielly Alves Mendes , Gomes Ana Lisa do Vale
Published: March 2024

A pandemia de Covid-19 trouxe grandes impactos para a qualidade de vida e estado de saúde da população mundial, destacando os profissionais da saúde que estavam à frente dos cuidados da população. Após a infecção inicial, um quadro caracterizado pela persistência de sintomas por semanas que pode se instalar é a Long Covid. Diante disso, o objetivo da pesquisa com a metodologia de revisão integrativa é avaliar os impactos da Long Covid na qualidade de vida e estado de saúde nestes profissionais. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Periódicos Capes e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde utilizando os descritores: Post-Acute Covid-19 Syndrome AND quality of life AND health status AND allied health personnel, para artigos em inglês e português entre os anos de 2020 a 2023. Foram analisados 7 artigos e como resultado observou-se que nenhum destes abordaram os impactos da Long Covid na qualidade de vida e estado de saúde nos profissionais da saúde. Conclui-se que é necessário a realização de pesquisas com este público em específico, visto o grau de exposição e infecção durante a pandemia.
Estudo epidemiológico acerca dos óbitos por queimaduras no estado do Piauí entre 2016 e 2021
Authors: Vilanova Juliana de Castro , Melo Beatriz Ribas de , Rocha Thaiz Helena Lopes da , Rocha Iane Lopes da , Castro Lysbela Torres Ferreira de , Oliveira Vanessa Cristina de Castro Aragão , Araripe Ana Letícia de Aragão Oliveira
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por queimadura no estado do Piauí entre os anos de 2016 e 2021. Metodologia: estudo epidemiológico de análise descritiva retrospectiva acerca dos óbitos por queimadura no estado do Piauí coletados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Foram consideradas as causas de queimaduras: térmicas, elétricas e outras causas (química, geladura, radiação). Os critérios analisados foram: ano do acidente, causa, idade, sexo e local de ocorrência. Realizou-se uma análise estatística descritiva e bivariada para verificar a associação estatística entre as variáveis. Resultados: No Piauí ocorreram 379 óbitos por queimaduras sendo, principalmente, causas elétricas, seguido de queimaduras térmicas e outras causas. Houve um crescimento na taxa de mortalidade entre 2019 e 2021. Queimaduras elétricas e térmicas têm maior ocorrência na população adulta. Entre crianças, os principais casos de queimaduras térmicas ocorreram principalmente nos períodos pandêmicos. Queimaduras de outras causas estão mais relacionadas a exposição a luz ultravioleta. No geral, o sexo mais acometido em todos os tipos de queimadura é o masculino. Dentre as localidades, os principais casos de queimadura ocorrem em domicílio, durante o trabalho ou em ambiente hospitalar, sendo o tipo mais comum, as queimaduras elétricas. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados nesse estudo servem como panorama inicial do perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por queimadura no estado do Piauí, podendo servir de subsídio para análises mais aprofundadas acerca do tema e para embasar estratégicas de prevenção e controle de danos, a fim de reduzir os impactos na sociedade.
Avaliação de fatores relacionados com a imunomodulação th1-th2 na co-infecção ovina com Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis e Haemonchus contortus
Authors: Silva Lorena Lima , Sá Maria Conceição Aquino de , Rebouças Mônica Cardozo , Fehlberg Italaney , Rocha Filho José Tadeu Raynal , Silva Marcos da Costa , Farias Antônio Pedro Fróes de , Trindade Soraya Castro , Nascimento Roberto José Meyer
Published: March 2024

A linfadenite caseosa (LC), cujo agente Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis é o responsável por desenvolver um processo infeccioso em ovino e caprinos, com consequentes perdas econômicas a cadeia produtiva. Os estados do Nordeste assumem o maior número de casos de prevalência, em virtude de concentrar os maiores rebanhos de pequenos ruminantes do país. Assim como na infecção bacteriana da LC, as parasitoses, a exemplo da causada pelo Haemonchus contortus, também geram perdas econômicas na criação de ovinos. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) têm emergido como importantes moléculas regulatórias do sistema imune. Alguns miRNAs produzidos na infecção por patógenos intracelulares como Mycobacterium tuberculosis, por exemplo, podem regular negativamente a produção de citocinas como interferon-γ, aumentando-se, assim, a resistência do patógeno aos mecanismos de defesa. Para avaliar os níveis séricos de miRNAs e correlacionar com a resposta Th1 em ovinos experimentalmente infectados com C. pseudotuberculosis e na co-infecção desta com o helminto H. contortus, foi realizado estudo experimental com quatorze ovinos distribuídos em três grupos: controle, infectado e co-infectado, onde foi realizado teste sorológico para LC, ensaio de IFN-γ e quantificação de microRNAs, coma as amostras de fezes foram realizadas coproculturas e parasitológico de fezes (OPG). No grupo dos animais co-infectados foi observado aumento dos títulos de anticorpos IgG, IFN-γ manteve-se mais reduzido nos grupos infectado e co-infectado quando comparado ao grupo controle, evidenciando assim, uma possível modulação da resposta imune pelos microRNAs expressos nestes grupos, indicando que ocorre uma modulação da resposta imunológica.
O aumento da obesidade pediátrica e sua relação com a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Monte Kahena Monteiro Almeida , Oliveira Larissa Marrocos de , Diniz Sophia Rezende , Estácio Rayssa Carolinne Costa Mota , Gomes Melissa Vieira , Melo Vitória Farias de , Teixeira Marina Mendes
Published: March 2024

Obesidade é uma doença multifatorial relacionada a diversos fatores genéticos, metabólicos, psicossociais e ambientais. Após o surgimento da pandemia de COVID-19, esse quadro de excesso de peso foi reconhecido como um fator de risco para a progressão da doença para uma forma mais grave, causando um pior prognóstico em crianças. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal abordar o aumento da obesidade pediátrica e sua relação com a pandemia de COVID-19. Para a realização deste estudo de revisão de literatura foram pesquisados, com os descritores do DeCS “aumento de peso”, “obesidade” “criança” e “pandemia”, utilizando o descritor booleano “AND”, artigos que relacionassem o diagnóstico da UP em crianças e suas dificuldades. Assim, dos 30 artigos encontrados na base de dados BVS, apenas 12 foram utilizados, por conterem o necessário para a pesquisa. Foram observados fatores de risco que, durante a pandemia, estão diretamente relacionados ao tema. Dentre eles, foi evidenciado o sedentarismo, dias menos estruturados, aumento do tédio e pobreza e sexo masculino. Além disso, consequências como alterações cardiovasculares, diabetes tipo 2, apneia obstrutiva do sono, doença hepática não alcoólica e problemas psicossociais foram percebidas neste estudo. Portanto, dado que a obesidade infantil é um problema clinicamente significativo e que, durante o período da pandemia de coronavírus, apresentou um crescimento no número de casos, mais estudos na mesma linha são necessários para uma compreensão mais profunda do aumento da obesidade pediátrica e sua relação com a pandemia de COVID-19.
Evidências sobre o uso terapêutico de melatonina em adultos para a melhora da qualidade do sono: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Silva Ana Flávia Paulino , Yugawa Aline Eiko , Oliveira Tatiana Cecília Evaristo de , Mingoti Thaynara de Souza , Duarte Gema Galgani de Mesquita , Bianco Otávio Augusto Fernandes Marques , Mesquita Lays Fernandes
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo tem como propósito analisar os efeitos do uso terapêutico da melatonina em adultos, observando as possíveis aplicações para garantir a melhoria da qualidade do sono. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa baseada na literatura especializada, por meio de consulta a livros e artigos científicos selecionados no acervo da Biblioteca Central da Universidade Federal de Alfenas-MG, campus de Alfenas, e em bases de dados como Pubmed, Scielo e Uptodate. Resultados e Discussão: Os estudos encontrados sobre o uso de melatonina exógena sustentam a hipótese de que houve um impacto nos distúrbios do sono em adultos, resultando em melhoria no sono da população analisada nos artigos levantados, que abordavam os efeitos e recomendações da melatonina para o tratamento de diversas comorbidades. Conclusão: Após a análise e estudo dos artigos apresentados, conclui-se que é plausível a utilização terapêutica da melatonina. Ela é eficaz em adultos em dosagens baixas durante o período noturno e por um curto período, uma vez que há poucos estudos que avaliam sua eficácia e efeitos colaterais em uso prolongado. No entanto, demonstraram-se lacunas nas pesquisas sobre a melatonina e sua relação com a qualidade do sono ao considerar aspectos mais amplos, como idade, gênero, etnia, comorbidades, tempo de uso, entre outros fatores.
Estimating a thermal constant of spawning to explain spawning time of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii across space and time
Authors: Ferreira ASA , Neuheimer AB
Published: March 2024

Explaining variation in life history phenology requires us to disentangle environmental-dependent variability from that caused by adaptive change across time and space. Here, we offer thermal time models (models measuring time in temperature units) as tools to understand the spawning dynamics of small pelagic fish, such as Pacific herring Clupea pallasii. We hypothesised that thermal time explains the annual timing of spawning of Pacific herring across space and time. By testing this hypothesis, we identified developmental constants (thermal constants of spawning) that can be used to make spawning time predictions. We examined spatio-temporal changes in Pacific herring spawning time over a 69 yr period (1941-2010) across 6 regions off British Columbia (BC), Canada. We estimated the degree-days (DD, °C-days) from the onset of gonadal maturation to spawning by combining spawning time estimates with distribution-specific temperature estimates. We then fitted models to explore how DD to spawning can be used to explain observed spawning time patterns across space and time and identified temperature-independent sources of variability (e.g. adaptive differences among regions, spawner size). We found that, even though Pacific herring often spawned ∼5 d later with each increasing degree in latitude, the average thermal time in DD to spawning was ∼1700°C-days. We also found that DD to spawning explains linear variation in spawning time across years for some regions of the BC Pacific herring. Thermal time models can aid in predictions of environmental responses and forecasts of life-history phenology in a changing climate.
Singapore Clinical Practice Guidelines for Sarcopenia: Screening, Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention
Authors: Lim Wee Shiong
Published: March 2024

Sarcopenia refers to the age-associated progressive and generalised loss of skeletal muscle mass plus loss of muscle strength and/or reduced physical performance. Despite its importance, sarcopenia often remains unrecognised and inadequately managed in routine clinical care. A workgroup was convened by the Chapter of Geriatricians and the Society for Geriatric Medicine Singapore to develop the first-ever country-specific CPG for sarcopenia. The workgroup developed 20 evidence-based recommendations that aim to facilitate adoption of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 consensus into current practice in Singapore. The CPG recommends a case-finding approach in atrisk older adults using validated case-finding tools. Screen-positive individuals should be assessed for “possible sarcopenia” and underlying causes. For diagnosis, the CPG recommends using the AWGS 2019 algorithm, and when necessary, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to determine low lean mass for a confirmatory diagnosis of sarcopenia. For treatment, the CPG recommends resistance exercises and a quality protein-rich diet/protein supplementation, with Vitamin D supplementation for insufficiency (<30 micrograms/L). For prevention, the CPG recommends regular resistance-based physical activity and adequate protein intake (≥1.0g/kg bodyweight). We encourage more research to address local evidence gaps. It is hoped that this first country-specific CPG for sarcopenia will play a big role in facilitating the adoption of the AWGS 2019 consensus into current practice in Singapore.
Determinan Loyalitas Merek melalui Kepercayaan Merek di Kopi Janji Jiwa, Bekasi Timur
Authors: Pramadanti Rindika , Kristiadi Alagus , Riyanto Agus
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This research aims to determine the influence of product quality, perceived value, and e-WOM on brand loyalty through brand trust as an intermediary variable. This population research was costumer at Kopi Janji Jiwa, East Bekasi. The research responden is customers who make two or repeat purchases. The data collection technique used a questionnaire for 175 respondents, which was then processed using SEM PLS version 3.2.9. This research found that there are variables that positively influence brand trust, including perceived value, e-WOM, and brand loyalty. Some variables can have a direct positive influence on brand loyalty, including product quality, perceived value, e-WOM, and brand trust. Those that have a direct negative influence on brand trust are product quality, and variables that can influence indirectly by mediating brand trust on brand loyalty include perceived value. Keywords: Brand Trust;  Brand Loyalty; e-WOM; Perceived Value; Product Quality  Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk, perceived value, dan e-WOM terhadap loyalitas merek melalui kepercayaan merek sebagai variabel perantara. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pelanggan Kopi Janji Jiwa, Bekasi timur. Responden penelitian ini pelanggan yang melakukan pembelian dua kali atau berulang. Teknik penarikan data menggunakan kuisioner terhadap 175 responden yang kemudian diolah menggunakan SEM PLS versi 3.2.9. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat variabel yang mempengaruhi secara positif terhadap kepercayaan merek yang meliputi perceived value, e-WOM dan loyalitas merek. terdapat variabel yang dapat mempengaruhi secara langsung dengan nilai positif terhadap loyalitas merek meliputi kualitas produk, perceived value, e-WOM dan kepercayaan merek. Adapun yang berpengaruh negatif secara langsung terhadap kepercayaan merek adalah kualitas produk dan juga variabel yang dapat mempengaruhi secara tidak langsung dengan pemediasi kepercayaan merek terhadap loyalitas merek meliputi perceived value. Kata kunci: e-WOM; Kepercayaan Merek; Kualitas Produk; Loyalitas Merek; Perceived value
Robert Burns's Black Neighbours in Ayrshire
Authors: McGinn Clark
Published: March 2024

Robert Burns's decision to emigrate to Jamaica in 1786 as a slave-driver is well known, and is increasingly debated as Scotland develops its understanding of its direct and indirect roles in the transatlantic slave trade and Black chattel slavery. The stories, and even the names, of the Black people of that period (servants and tradesmen) are typically more ephemeral than those of Burns and his friends and patrons, but it would be wrong to assume that there were no Black people living and working in Ayr and its environs in Burns's day.

While the Black population across Scotland was small (commentators suggest around seventy individuals against some fifteen thousand in England & Wales), contemporary records show that over a dozen lived and worked in Ayrshire. While there is no concrete evidence in the Poet's writings, this study shows that it is highly likely that Burns saw some of these people on the streets, that he met the biracial children of the manumitted Black man Scipio Kennedy, and that he was present at the baptism of a Black man, John Cartwright, in Mauchline Kirk in 1784.
Peningkatan Kualitas Kinerja Pegawai dalam Pelayanan Administrasi Terpadu (PATEN) Pada Kantor Kecamatan Kelapa Dua Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Yustianasari Yustianasari , Lilianti Lilianti
Published: March 2024

Integrated Administrative Services (PATEN) at the Kelapa Dua District Office, Tangerang Regency, is the focus of research to improve the quality of employee performance. The background of this research is related to the evaluation of the PATENT process, level of community satisfaction, employee competency, application of technology, management role, and community participation. This research aims to analyze obstacles in administrative services, evaluate employee competence, and increase the effectiveness of the use of technology. Through quantitative and qualitative approaches, the research results describe current conditions and provide recommendations for improvement. The results show that there are obstacles in the PATENT process and the need to increase employee competency. Management needs to increase the application of technology and invite community participation. The conclusions of this research emphasize the need for improvements in various aspects to improve the quality of administrative services. The implications of this research include increasing efficiency, community satisfaction, and employee welfare. Therefore, this research makes a positive contribution to efforts to improve the quality of PATENTS and public services at the local level.
Kişisel ile Sosyal Arasında Suat Derviş Karakterleri: Karanlıktan Hiçliğe Cinsiyetli Bedenler, Bedenleşmiş Duygular
Authors: Demiral Seran
Published: March 2024

Kanon edebiyat eserlerini Batı ede¬biyatının oluşturduğu, buna yönelik eleştirilerin dahi çoğunlukla Batılı feministlerden geldiği gerçekliği çerçevesinde, bu metinde öncelikle Türkiye'de yazının kanonlaşma potansiyelleri soruşturulmaktadır. Çalışma, Suat Derviş eserlerini, Derviş'in ismi, kişiliği ve mücadelesiyle paralellikler kurarak, Kara Kitap'tan Hiç'e karakterlerin sınıfsal, toplumsal, cinsiyete dayalı yönleriyle nasıl resmedildiğini irdelemektedir. Derviş'in karakterlerinin birbirleriyle ilişkileri ve bedenlerinin cisimleşmelerini tartışan makale, feminist edebiyatla kadın anlatılarının ve Suat Derviş edebiyatının kanonlaşma olanağını sorgulamaktadır.
Studi Komparatif Terhadap Narasi Eksorsisme Roh Jahat Dalam Film The Nun I Sampai II dan Eksorsisme Yesus Dalam Markus 1:21-28
Authors: Wijaya Jonathan Cristian , Lo Lemuel , Wahongan Jesica
Published: March 2024

Films featuring scenes of the expulsion of evil powers have been widely published to provide entertainment to the public, while also showcasing certain values within the narrative they visualize. One horror genre film that has garnered considerable interest is "The Nun I and II." These films depict the struggle of several priests attempting to expel the evil spirit named Valak. There are several scenes showing how the characters in the film beseech God for strength to defeat the dark power of Valak. The exorcism narrative depicted in these films offers several points of interest to be examined from a biblical perspective. Speaking of exorcism, the Gospel of Mark also presents several stories of exorcism performed by Jesus against evil spirits. This paper compares the exorcism narrative portrayed in "The Nun I and II" with the exorcism narrative performed by Jesus in the Gospel of Mark, as recounted in Mark 1:21-28. The purpose of the comparison presented in this paper is to demonstrate the relevance (similarities) and irrelevance (differences) of the concept of exorcism as portrayed in both "The Nun I and II" and Mark 1:21-28, enabling one to identify which points align and which do not align with the latter as one of the texts describing exorcism performed by Jesus.
Is language change chiefly a social diffusion affair? The role of entrenchment in frequency increase and in the emergence of complex structural patterns
Authors: Feltgen Quentin
Published: March 2024

Complex systems research has chiefly investigated language change from a social dynamics perspective, with undeniable success. However, there is more to language change than social diffusion, i.e., a one-off adoption of an innovative variant by language users. Language use indeed factors in, besides prevalence (the percentage of adopters of the form in the community), lexical diversity (the number of different lexical items a conventionalized pattern combines with), and entrenchment (the average rate at which speakers choose the form in suitable pragmatic environments). Changes in token frequency may reflect changes in any of these three variables. To sort them out, we defined proxies to factor entrenchment out of empirical measures of prevalence and lexical diversity. From a French corpus, we analyzed 25 schematic constructions, featuring an open slot that hosts a variety of fillers. We show that their rise of token frequency across a change episode is mostly explained by entrenchment; however, the magnitude of the change is uniquely explained by the final extent of its lexical diversity. Furthermore, the fillers obey a construction-specific Zipf-Mandelbrot organization, that robustly holds throughout the change episode. We also show that in some cases, the fillers arise simultaneously, hinting at the possibility that such a complex organization emerges all at once, highlighting the role of structural features in language change.
A contemporary training concept in critical care cardiology
Authors: Binzenhöfer Leonhard , Gade Nils , Roden Daniel , Saleh Inas , Lanz Hugo , Sierra Laura Villegas , Seifert Paula , Scherer Clemens , Schrage Benedikt , Haertel Franz , Spieth Peter M. , Mangner Norman , Adler Christoph , Hoyer Daniel , Graf Tobias , Billig Hannah , Salem Mostafa , Rangel Rafael Henrique , Speidl Walter S. , Hagl Christian , Hausleiter Jörg , Massberg Steffen , Preusch Michael , Meder Benjamin , Leistner David M. , Luedike Peter , Rassaf Tienush , Zimmer Sebastian , Westermann Dirk , Zeymer Uwe , Schäfer Andreas , Thiele Holger , Lüsebrink Enzo
Published: March 2024

Critical care cardiology (CCC) in the modern era is shaped by a multitude of innovative treatment options and an increasingly complex, ageing patient population. Generating high-quality evidence for novel interventions and devices in an intensive care setting is exceptionally challenging. As a result, formulating the best possible therapeutic approach continues to rely predominantly on expert opinion and local standard operating procedures. Fostering the full potential of CCC and the maturation of the next generation of decision-makers in this field calls for an updated training concept, that encompasses the extensive knowledge and skills required to care for critically ill cardiac patients while remaining adaptable to the trainee’s individual career planning and existing educational programs. In the present manuscript, we suggest a standardized training phase in preparation of the first ICU rotation, propose a modular CCC core curriculum, and outline how training components could be conceptualized within three sub-specialization tracks for aspiring cardiac intensivists.
A series fault arc detection method based on denoising autoencoder and deep residual network
Authors: Wang Jianyuan , Li Xue , Zhang Yuhui
Published: March 2024

Given the problem that the existing series arc fault identification methods use existing features such as the time-frequency domain of the current signal as the basis for identification, resulting in relatively limited arc detection solutions, and that the methods of directly extracting current signal features using deep learning algorithms have insufficient feature extraction, a new series arc fault detection method based on denoising autoencoder (DAE) and deep residual network (ResNet) is proposed. First, a large number of training samples are obtained through sliding window and data normalization methods, and then high-dimensional abstract feature data are obtained from the fault and normal samples collected in the experiment through denoising autoencoders, converted into grayscale images, and processed in pseudo-color. The single-channel grayscale images are mapped into three-channel color values, and finally, the three-channel values are input into the constructed deep residual network for deep learning training. In the 152 super high-level ResNet, the arc fault recognition rate can reach 99.7%. For loads that have not participated in ResNet network training, the recognition rate can also reach 97.6%.
Analysis of lightning activity characteristics and its relationship with precipitation in a strong convective weather process in Jiangsu Province
Authors: Mao Yuqing , Liu Jiao , Jiang Youshan , Li Cong , Han Zhaoquan , Chen Qu
Published: March 2024

Based on multi-source observation data such as lightning locator, atmospheric electric field instrument and hourly precipitation data from automatic stations, the lightning characteristics of the strong convective weather process under the influence of the northeast cold vortex in Nanjing Jiangsu Province on 15 June 2020 was analyzed in depth, and the relationship between the lightning activity and the precipitation was obtained. The results show that this strong convective weather process is formed by the cold air from the back of the northeast cold vortex along the front of the high-pressure ridge and the back of the transverse through southward to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which makes the cold and warm air currents converge along the south of the Yangtze River to form the heavy precipitation, and is accompanied by the strong lightning activity in the process of this heavy precipitation. The local thunderstorm electric field in Nanjing is mainly characterized by negative increasing type, positive and negative alternating type, and multi-single thunderstorm electric field, and the thunderstorm activity is mainly dominated by negative ground flashes. During this strong thunderstorm, the stronger precipitation periods corresponded to the stronger lightning frequency periods, and the lightning and precipitation fallout areas showed a consistent spatial distribution. The correlation between the lightning activity and precipitation was analyzed by linear fitting, and the correlation between them is 0.946.
Coevolution and dependency influence resistance of mutualists to exploitation
Authors: Vidal Mayra C. , Agarwal Renuka , Segraves Kari A.
Published: March 2024

A long-standing problem in the study of mutualism is to understand the effects of non-mutualistic community members that exploit the benefits of mutualism without offering commodities in exchange (i.e., ‘exploiters’). Mutualisms are continually challenged by exploiters and their persistence may depend on the costliness of exploitation or on adaptations that allow mutualists to avoid the negative effects of exploiters. Coevolution could lead to changes in mutualists and exploiters that allow mutualisms to persist. Although coevolution is considered essential for mutualism persistence and resistance to disturbance, we have yet to obtain direct experimental evidence of the role of coevolution in resistance to exploitation. Additionally, resistance to exploitation via coevolutionary processes might vary with the degree of dependency between mutualistic partners, as facultative mutualisms are thought to be under weaker coevolutionary selection than obligate mutualisms. Here, we conducted an experimental evolution study using a synthetic yeast mutualism to test how coevolution in facultative and obligate mutualisms affects their resistance to exploitation. We found that naïve facultative mutualisms were more likely to breakdown under exploitation than naïve obligate mutualisms. After 15 weeks of coevolution, both facultative and obligate evolved mutualists were more likely to survive exploitation than naïve mutualists when we reassembled mutualist communities. Additionally, coevolved exploiters were more likely to survive with mutualists, whereas naïve exploiters frequently went extinct. These results suggest that coevolution between mutualists and exploiters can lead to mutualism persistence, potentially explaining why exploitation is ubiquitous but rarely associated with mutualism breakdown.
A historical contingency hypothesis for population ecology
Authors: Hoy Sarah R. , Peterson Rolf O. , Vucetich John A.
Published: March 2024

Assessments of historical contingency have advanced our understanding of adaptive radiation and community ecology, but little attention has been given to assessing the importance of historical contingency in population ecology. An obstacle has been the unmet need to conceptualize historical contingencies for populations in a manner that allows for their explanatory power to be assessed and quantified so that it can be directly compared with the explanatory power of statistical models representing other hypotheses or theory-based explanations. Here we conceptualize historical contingencies as a series of random events characterized by (1) significant legacy effects that are comparable in length to the waiting time between such events, and (2) the disparate nature of individual events in the series. From that conceptualization, we present a simple quantitative framework for assessing the explanatory power of historical contingencies in population ecology and apply it to an existing long-term dataset on the predator-prey system in Isle Royale National Park. The population-level phenomenon that we focused on was predation rate because it is a synthesis of three basic elements in population ecology (predator abundance, prey abundance and kill rate). We also compared the explanatory power of models of the historical contingency hypothesis to a wide-range of alternative, theory-based, statistical models used to assess underlying mechanisms or forecast future dynamics. Models of the historical contingency hypothesis explained over half of the interannual variation in predation rate and performed similarly, or better than, the vast majority of alternative, theory-based, models. Those findings highlight the potential value of reconsidering the way that population ecologists traditionally attempt to explain phenomena. We also discuss how this new conceptualization of the historical contingency hypothesis can also be valuable for synthesizing several other important ecological concepts of broad significance, especially reddened spectra, tipping points, alternative stable states, and ecological surprises. If the historical contingency hypothesis were found to be broadly applicable, then it would likely explain why ecologists are conspicuously poor at forecasting future dynamics.
Factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage in selected Southern Oromia hospitals, Ethiopia, 2021: an unmatched case-control study
Authors: Negesa Beyene Belda , Jara Boneya Dube , Gelchu Adola Shiferaw , Abebe Sori Seboka , Dinku Jiru Hirut , Sirage Nurye , Awol Abdurazak , Melesse Girma Tufa , Wayessa Zelalem Jabessa , Jemalo Ahmedteyib , Kebede Abebaw , Eshetu Derese , Dejene Yesuneh
Published: March 2024

Background

Around one-fourth of maternal deaths worldwide are attributed to hemorrhage. One of the prevalent types of maternal hemorrhage is postpartum hemorrhage. In spite of this, there is very little data on postpartum hemorrhage. Thus, the intention of this study was to determine factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage among mothers who gave birth in the selected Southern Oromia hospitals in Ethiopia.

Methods

An institutional-based, unmatched case-control study was employed on a sample of 333 (83 cases and 250 controls) mothers who gave birth from March 1–30, 2021. Standardized and pretested check-lists were used to retrieve data from patients' cards, delivery registration, and operation registration logbooks. Epi Data Version 3.1 was used to enter data, while SPSS Version 25 was used for analysis. Multi-variable logistic regressions were used to identify the determinants of postpartum haemorrhage with a 95% confidence interval and p-value less than 0.05.

Results

Mothers who have no antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.03, 3.64), had pre-partum anemia (AOR = 5.68, 95% CI = 3.13, 10.32), hypertensive disorder during pregnancy (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.13, 9.64), intrauterine fetal death (AOR = 4.21, 95% CI = 1.68, 10.58), and genital tract trauma during delivery (AOR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.52, 6.89) were found as determinants of postpartum haemorrhage.

Conclusion

The study showed that factors such as lack of antenatal care, pre–partum anemia, pregnancy–related hypertension, intrauterine fetal death and genital tract trauma during delivery were responsible for postpartum hemorrhage. The early introduction of antenatal care services for all mothers plays a crucial role in reducing postpartum hemorrhage.
Low-dose targeted radionuclide therapy synergizes with CAR T cells and enhances tumor response
Authors: Yang Yanping , Vedvyas Yogindra , Alcaina Yago , Son Ju Y. , Min Irene M. , Jin Moonsoo M.
Published: March 2024

Ionizing radiation has garnered considerable attention as a combination partner for immunotherapy due to its potential immunostimulatory effects. In contrast to the more commonly used external beam radiation, we explored the feasibility of combining chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy with targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT), which is achieved by delivering β-emitting 177Lu-DOTATATE to tumor via tumor-infiltrating CAR T cells that express somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2). We hypothesized that the delivery of radiation to tumors could synergize with CAR T therapy, resulting in enhanced antitumor immunity and tumor response. To determine the optimal dosage and timing of 177Lu-DOTATATE treatment, we measured CAR T cell infiltration and expansion in tumors longitudinally through positron emission tomography (PET) using a SSTR2-specific positron-emitting radiotracer,18F-NOTA-Octreotide. In animals receiving CAR T cells and a low–dose (2.5 Gy) of TRT following the administration of 177Lu-DOTATATE, we observed a rapid regression of large subcutaneous tumors, which coincided with a dramatic increase in serum proinflammatory cytokines. Tumor burden was also reduced when a higher radiation dose (6 Gy) was delivered to the tumor. However, this higher dose led to cell death in both the tumor and CAR T cells. Our study suggests that there may exist an optimum range of TRT dosage that can enhance T cell activity and sensitize tumor cells to T cell killing, which may result in more durable tumor control compared to a higher radiation dose.
Mathematical modeling in autoimmune diseases: from theory to clinical application
Authors: Ugolkov Yaroslav , Nikitich Antonina , Leon Cristina , Helmlinger Gabriel , Peskov Kirill , Sokolov Victor , Volkova Alina
Published: March 2024

The research & development (R&D) of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of autoimmune diseases is challenged by highly complex pathogenesis and multiple etiologies of these conditions. The number of targeted therapies available on the market is limited, whereas the prevalence of autoimmune conditions in the global population continues to rise. Mathematical modeling of biological systems is an essential tool which may be applied in support of decision-making across R&D drug programs to improve the probability of success in the development of novel medicines. Over the past decades, multiple models of autoimmune diseases have been developed. Models differ in the spectra of quantitative data used in their development and mathematical methods, as well as in the level of “mechanistic granularity” chosen to describe the underlying biology. Yet, all models strive towards the same goal: to quantitatively describe various aspects of the immune response. The aim of this review was to conduct a systematic review and analysis of mathematical models of autoimmune diseases focused on the mechanistic description of the immune system, to consolidate existing quantitative knowledge on autoimmune processes, and to outline potential directions of interest for future model-based analyses. Following a systematic literature review, 38 models describing the onset, progression, and/or the effect of treatment in 13 systemic and organ-specific autoimmune conditions were identified, most models developed for inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and lupus (5 models each). ≥70% of the models were developed as nonlinear systems of ordinary differential equations, others – as partial differential equations, integro-differential equations, Boolean networks, or probabilistic models. Despite covering a relatively wide range of diseases, most models described the same components of the immune system, such as T-cell response, cytokine influence, or the involvement of macrophages in autoimmune processes. All models were thoroughly analyzed with an emphasis on assumptions, limitations, and their potential applications in the development of novel medicines.
Unraveling sources of cyanate in the marine environment: insights from cyanate distributions and production during the photochemical degradation of dissolved organic matter
Authors: Wang Rui , Liu Jihua , Xu Yongle , Liu Li , Mopper Kenneth
Published: March 2024

Cyanate is a nitrogen and energy source for diverse marine microorganisms, playing important roles in the nitrogen cycle. Despite the extensive research on cyanate utilization, the sources of this nitrogen compound remain largely enigmatic. To unravel the sources of cyanate, distributions and production of cyanate during photochemical degradation of natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) were investigated across various environments, including freshwater, estuarine, coastal areas in Florida, and the continental and slope regions of the North American mid-Atlantic Ocean (NATL). Cyanate production was also examined during the photochemical degradation of exudates from a typical strain of Synechococcus, an important phytoplankton component. To deepen our understanding of the sources and production mechanisms of cyanate, its production was assessed during the photochemical degradation of a natural seawater DOM supplemented with five nitrogen–containing compounds with distinguishing structures and functional groups. Generally, cyanate exhibited higher concentrations in the Florida coastal, estuarine, and freshwater environments than the NATL. However, cyanate distribution did not consistently align with its production rates. Despite significantly low concentrations in the NATL, DOM from this region exhibited cyanate production rates comparable to estuarine and Florida coastal environments. Although relatively high cyanate concentrations were observed in the freshwaters, DOM in this environment exhibited very low cyanate production rates. A highly significant correlation was observed between cyanate and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations in these areas. Moreover, in most estuarine and NATL stations, cyanate concentration and production rate in the Chl a maximum layer were significantly higher than in other layers. Cyanate was produced during the photochemical degradation of the Synechococcus exudates. The cyanate production was significantly enhanced when the natural seawater DOM was supplemented with GlycylGlycine, 4-(methylamino) benzoic acid, 4-[ethyl(methyl)amino] benzaldehyde or methyl 2-aminobenzoate. Our study implies that photochemical degradation of marine DOM, especially phytoplankton-derived DOM, is a substantial source of cyanate in the ocean. Additionally, cyanate may form during the degradation of peptides and small aromatic compounds in DOM, providing novel insights into the nitrogen cycle.