bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of displacement vector fields calculated by different deformable image registration algorithms with motion parameters in helical, axial and cone beam CT imaging
Authors: Alsbou Nesreen , Ahmad Salahuddin , Ali Imad
Published: September 2019

Aim:

The purpose of this study is to investigate quantitatively the correlation of displacement vector fields (DVFs) from different deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms to register images from helical computed tomography (HCT), axial computed tomography (ACT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with motion parameters.

Materials and methods:

CT images obtained from scanning of the mobile phantom were registered with the stationary CT images using four DIR algorithms from the DIRART software: Demons, Fast-Demons, Horn–Schunck and Lucas–Kanade. HCT, ACT and CBCT imaging techniques were used to image a mobile phantom, which included three targets with different sizes (small, medium and large) that were manufactured from a water-equivalent material and embedded in low-density foam to simulate lung lesions. The phantom was moved with controlled cyclic motion patterns where a range of motion amplitudes (0–20 mm) and frequencies (0·125–0·5 Hz) were used.

Results:

The DVF obtained from different algorithms correlated well with motion amplitudes applied on the mobile phantom for CBCT and HCT, where the maximal DVF increased linearly with the motion amplitudes of the mobile phantom. In ACT, the DVF correlated less with motion amplitudes where motion-induced strong image artefacts and the DIR algorithms were not able to deform the ACT image of the mobile targets to the stationary targets. Three DIR algorithms produce comparable values and patterns of the DVF for certain CT imaging modality. However, DVF from Fast-Demons deviated strongly from other algorithms at large motion amplitudes.

Conclusions:

The local DVFs provide direct quantitative values for the actual internal tumour shifts that can be used to determine margins for the internal target volume that consider tumour motion during treatment planning. Furthermore, the DVF distributions can be used to extract motion parameters such as motion amplitude that can be extracted from the maximal or minimal DVF calculated by the different DIR algorithms and used in the management of the patient motion.
Eddy‐Induced Meridional Salt Flux and Its Impacts on the Sea Surface Salinity Maxima in the Southern Subtropical Oceans
Authors: Qu Tangdong , Lian Zhan , Nie Xunwei , Wei Zexun
Published: September 2019

Energetic eddy activities are observed in the southern subtropical oceans. Among the three ocean basins, eddies are most active in the subtropical south Indian Ocean, where they induce a northward salt flux in the north and a southward salt flux in the south, resulting in a divergence of salt in the central part of the basin. Further analysis of satellite‐sea surface salinity observations shows that eddy‐induced meridional salt flux takes more than half of the salt gain from the excess of evaporation over precipitation out of the sea surface salinity maximum region in the south Indian Ocean, while this ratio falls below 19% in the South Pacific and 12% in the South Atlantic. The result may partially explain why salinity of the sea surface salinity maximum in the south Indian Ocean is the lowest among the three southern subtropical oceans.
Properties of Localized Precipitation of Energetic Protons Equatorward of the Isotropic Boundary
Authors: Semenova N. V. , Yahnin A. G. , Yahnina T. A. , Demekhov A. G.
Published: September 2019

Using National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (NOAA/POES) observations of energetic protons, we for the first time investigated statistical properties of a specific type of particle precipitation—localized precipitation of energetic protons (LPEP) equatorward of the isotropy boundary. The maximum occurrence rate was found in the day‐afternoon sector at L > 6. The maximum precipitating flux is found at lower L shells (L = 4–5). The dependence of LPEP occurrence and intensity on the geomagnetic activity indices and solar wind parameters is investigated. In particular, while the precipitating proton flux increases with geomagnetic activity everywhere, the occurrence rate in the day‐afternoon sector at L > 6 decreases under the strongest activity. We conclude that revealed LPEP properties are mostly similar to those obtained for electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves on the basis of data from previous spacecraft missions. This similarity supports the suggestion on LPEP as the result of ion cyclotron instability in the magnetosphere.
From Land to the Ocean: The Interplay Between Allochthonous and Autochthonous Contribution to Particles in Nepheloid Layers of the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela
Authors: Lorenzoni Laura , Thunell Robert C. , Benitez‐Nelson Claudia R. , Montes Enrique , Varela Ramón , Astor Yrene , Muller‐Karger Frank E.
Published: September 2019

Lithogenic sediment input to the Cariaco Basin on the eastern Venezuelan shelf is controlled by small mountainous rivers (SMRs). The Cariaco Basin is also an area of high phytoplankton productivity as a result of strong Trade Wind‐driven coastal upwelling. Characterizing the sources that supply particulate organic carbon (POC) to the deep Cariaco Basin is important for interpreting the paleoclimate record stored in its sediments. We measured suspended POC in the four main rivers draining into the Caraiaco Basin, the Tuy, Unare, Neveri, and Manzanares, between September 2008 and September 2009 and conducted basin‐wide oceanographic cruises in September 2008 (rainy season) and March 2009 (upwelling season). Riverine concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and POC in the four rivers were comparable to observations made in similar tropical SMR systems (POC was between 0.3–2 mg C l−1; DOC was between 100–300 μM). Within the basin, the geochemical composition of surface particles and bottom nepheloid layers (BNLs) changed with season. During the rainy season, the isotopic composition of both surface particles and BNL was characteristic of continentally derived material (δ13Corg, approximately −30 to −26‰), while during upwelling, the composition shifted to values more typical of marine sources (δ13Corg, approximately −24 to −20‰). SMRs represent an important component of the global carbon budget, which are often overlooked in ocean carbon budgets and also in paleoclimate studies of coastal environments.
Association of perinatal factors of epilepsy in very low birth weight infants, using a nationwide database in Japan
Authors:   on behalf of the Neonatal Research Network of Japan (NRNJ), Matsushita Yuki , Sakai Yasunari , Torio Michiko , Inoue Hirosuke , Ochiai Masayuki , Yasuoka Kazuaki , Kurata Hiroaki , Fujiyoshi Junko , Ichiyama Masako , Taguchi Tomoaki , Kato Kiyoko , Ohga Shouichi
Published: September 2019

Objective

To determine clinical features of very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) who had developed epilepsy by age 3 years.

Study design

Multicenter cohort study using the Neonatal Research Network of Japan database. We analyzed clinical variables of 8431 VLBWIs who had recorded data of neurological sequelae at age 3 years. Logistic regression identified the association between variables and development of epilepsy.

Result

One hundred and forty-three (1.7%) infants developed epilepsy, 683 (8.1%) showed cerebral palsy (CP), and 1114 (13.2%) had psychomotor delay. Epilepsy was associated with history of sepsis [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 3.23], severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH; AOR 5.13), and cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL; AOR 12.7). Severe IVH and cystic PVL were also frequently associated with CP and psychomotor delay.

Conclusion

Severe IVH and cystic PVL are strongly associated with development of epilepsy, as well as other neurological sequelae, and are potential critical therapeutic targets.
Congenital myasthenic syndrome with mild intellectual disability caused by a recurrent SLC25A1 variant
Authors: Balaraju Sunitha , Töpf Ana , McMacken Grace , Kumar Veeramani Preethish , Pechmann Astrid , Roper Helen , Vengalil Seena , Polavarapu Kiran , Nashi Saraswati , Mahajan Niranjan Prakash , Barbosa Ines A. , Deshpande Charu , Taylor Robert W. , Cossins Judith , Beeson David , Laurie Steven , Kirschner Janbernd , Horvath Rita , McFarland Robert , Nalini Atchayaram , Lochmüller Hanns
Published: September 2019

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders caused by mutations which lead to impaired neuromuscular transmission.SLC25A1encodes a mitochondrial citrate carrier, associated mainly with the severe neurometabolic disease combined D-2- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (D/L-2-HGA). We previously reported a single family with a homozygous missense variant inSLC25A1with a phenotype restricted to relatively mild CMS with intellectual disability, but to date no additional cases of this CMS subtype had been reported. Here, we performed whole exome sequencing (WES) in three additional and unrelated families presenting with CMS and mild intellectual disability to identify the underlying causative gene. The WES analysis revealed the presence of a homozygous c.740G>A; p.(Arg247Gln) missenseSLC25A1variant, the sameSLC25A1variant as identified in the original family with this phenotype. Electron microscopy of muscle from two cases revealed enlarged and accumulated mitochondria. Haplotype analysis performed in two unrelated families suggested that this variant is a result of recurrent mutation and not a founder effect. This suggests that p.(Arg247Gln) is associated with a relatively mild CMS phenotype with subtle mitochondrial abnormalities, while other variants in this gene cause more severe neurometabolic disease. In conclusion, the p.(Arg247Gln)SLC25A1variant should be considered in patients presenting with a presynaptic CMS phenotype, particularly with accompanying intellectual disability.
Effect of Cucumis sativus on Dysfunctional 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Authors: Marisol Méndez-Martínez , Celeste Trejo-Moreno , Laura Maldonado-Mejía , Fernando Esquivel-Guadarrama , José Pedraza-Chaverri , Alejandro Zamilpa , Omar Medina-Campos , Francisco Alarcón-Aguilar , Julio César Almanza-Pérez , Erika Contreras-Nuñez , Angélica Santana-Calderón , Gladis Fragoso , Enrique Jiménez-Ferrer , Gabriela Rosas
Published: September 2019

Obesity is caused by lipid accumulation in adipose tissues inducing adipocyte dysfunction, characterized by insulin resistance, increased lipolysis, oxidative stress, and inflammation, leading to increased levels of adipokines. Herein the capacity of the subfractions (SFs) SF1, SF2, and SF3 from theCucumis sativusaqueous fraction and their combinations (M) to control adipocyte dysfunctionin vitro, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was studied. Adipocytes, previously treated with dexamethasone or IL-1 to induce dysfunction, were incubated with different concentrations of the subfractions for 24 h. 2-deoxyglucose consumption and glycerol release were evaluated, and a surface model was constructed to determine the most effective SF concentrations to improve both parameters. Effective SF combinations were assessed in their capacity to control metabolic, pro-oxidative, and pro-inflammatory conditions. SF1, SF2 (40 μg/ml each) and SF3 (20 μg/ml) improved 2-deoxyglucose consumption by 87%, 57%, and 87%, respectively. SF1 and SF2 (5 μg/ml each) and SF3 (40 μg/mL) increased glycerol secretion by 10.6%, 18.9%, and 11.8%, respectively. Among five combinations tested, only M4 (SF1 40 μg/ml:SF2 60 μg/ml:SF3 30 μg/ml) and M5 (SF1 40 μg/ml:SF2 60 μg/mL:SF3 10 μg/ml) controlled effectively the metabolic, pro-oxidative, and proinflammatory conditions studied. Glycine, asparagine, and arginine were the main components in these SFs.
Versatile and High-throughput Force Measurement Platform for Dorsal Cell Mechanics
Authors: Park Seungman , Joo Yoon Ki , Chen Yun
Published: September 2019

We present a high-throughput microfluidics technique facilitating in situ measurements of cell mechanics parameters at the dorsal side of the cell, including molecular binding strengths, local traction forces, and viscoelastic properties. By adjusting the flow rate, the force magnitude exerted on the cell can be modulated ranging from ~14 pN to 2 nN to perturb various force-dependent processees in cells. Time-lapse images were acquired to record events due to such perturbation. The values of various mechanical parameters are subsequently obtained by single particle tracking. Up to 50 events can be measured simultaneously in a single experiment. Integrating the microfluidic techniques with the analytic framework established in computational fluid dynamics, our method is physiologically relevant, reliable, economic and efficient.
Fabrication and Characterization of Fully Inkjet Printed Capacitors Based on Ceramic/Polymer Composite Dielectrics on Flexible Substrates
Authors: Mikolajek Morten , Reinheimer Timo , Bohn Nicole , Kohler Christian , Hoffmann Michael J. , Binder Joachim R.
Published: September 2019

The preparation of fully inkjet printed capacitors containing ceramic/polymer composites as the dielectric material is presented. Therefore, ceramic/polymer composite inks were developed, which allow a fast one-step fabrication of the composite thick films. Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3(BST) is used as the ceramic component and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as the polymer. The use of such composites allows printing on flexible substrates. Furthermore, it results in improved values for the permittivity compared to pure polymers. Three composite inks with varying ratio of BST to PMMA were used for the fabrication of composite thick films consisting of 33, 50 and 66 vol% BST, respectively. All inks lead to homogeneous structures with precise transitions between the different layers in the capacitors. Besides the microstructures of the printed thick films, the dielectric properties were characterized by impedance spectroscopy over a frequency range of 100 Hz to 200 kHz. In addition, the influence of a larger ceramic particle size was investigated, to raise permittivity. The printed capacitors exhibited dielectric constants of 20 up to 55 at 1 kHz. Finally, the experimental results were compared to different theoretical models and their suitability for the prediction ofεcompositewas assessed.
Dysbiotic microbiota in autistic children and their mothers: persistence of fungal and bacterial wall-deficient L-form variants in blood
Authors: Markova N.
Published: September 2019

Based on our hypothesis for existing microbiota of wall-deficient variants (L-forms) in human blood, we created an innovative methodology, which allowed for the development of L-form populations from blood of all investigated people. In contrast to healthy controls, blood L-forms from autistic children and their mothers converted under appropriate conditions of cultivation into detectable opportunistic bacteria and fungi, а process demonstrated by light and transmission electron microscopy. It can be distinguished into two types of states – “eubiotic” blood microbiota in healthy individuals, and “dysbiotic” in autistic children and their mothers. Remarkably, the unifying finding for autistic children and their mothers was the presence in blood of wall-free variants from life-cycle of filamentous fungi. Increased specific IgG, IgM and IgA, together with typical mold growth were a decisive argument for proven presence of Aspergillus fumigatus in almost all of the autistic children. As it was demonstrated in our previous study, filterable L-forms can be transmitted by vertical pathway from mother to child before birth. Thus, it can be suggested that autistic children may be born already colonized with fungi, while a “silent aspergillosis” could contribute or even be a leading cause for neurodevelopmental disorders in the early childhood.
Clinical implications of drug-screening assay for recurrent metastatic hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal receptor 2-negative breast cancer using conditionally reprogrammed cells
Authors: Mimoto Rei , Yogosawa Satomi , Saijo Hiroki , Fushimi Atsushi , Nogi Hiroko , Asakura Tadashi , Yoshida Kiyotsugu , Takeyama Hiroshi
Published: September 2019

Various new drugs have been developed for treating recurrent hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal receptor 2-negative (HER2−) breast cancer. However, directly identifying effective drugs remains difficult. In this study, we elucidated the clinical relevance of cultured cells derived from patients with recurrent HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer. The recently established conditionally reprogrammed (CR) cell system enables us to examine heterogeneity, drug sensitivity and cell function using patient-derived tumour samples. The results of microarray analysis, DNA target sequencing and xenograft experiments indicated that the mutation status and pathological features were preserved in CR cells, whereas RNA expression was different from that in the primary tumour cells, especially with respect to cell adhesion-associated pathways. The results of drug sensitivity assays involving the use of primary breast cancer CR cells were consistent with gene expression profiling test data. We performed drug-screening assays using liver metastases, which were sensitive to 66 drugs. Importantly, the result reflected the actual clinical course of this patient. These results supported the use of CR cells obtained from the metastatic lesions of patients with HR+/HER2− breast cancer for predicting the clinical drug efficacy.
A novel conditional ZsGreen-expressing transgenic reporter rat strain for validating Cre recombinase expression
Authors: Bryda Elizabeth C. , Men Hongsheng , Davis Daniel J. , Bock Anagha S. , Shaw Mary L. , Chesney Kari L. , Hankins Miriam A.
Published: September 2019

The Cre/loxP recombination system has revolutionized the ability to genetically manipulate animal genomes in order to conditionally control gene expression. With recent advances in genome editing, barriers to manipulating the rat genome have been overcome and it is now possible to generate new rat strains (Cre drivers) in which Cre recombinase expression is carefully controlled temporally and/or spatially. However, the ability to evaluate and characterize these Cre driver strains is limited by the availability of reliable reporter rat strains. Here, we describe the generation and characterization of a new transgenic rat strain in which conditional expression of the ZsGreen fluorescent protein gene requires the presence of exogenous Cre recombinase. Breeding Cre-expressing rat strains to this stable ZsGreen reporter strain provides an ideal method for validating new rat Cre driver lines and will greatly accelerate the characterization pipeline.
Imaging of hepatic drug transporters with [131I]6-β-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol
Authors: Kobayashi Masato , Nishi Kodai , Mizutani Asuka , Hokama Tsuzumi , Matsue Miki , Tsujikawa Tetsuya , Nakanishi Takeo , Nishii Ryuichi , Tamai Ikumi , Kawai Keiichi
Published: September 2019

We examined whether [131I]6-β-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol (NP-59), a cholesterol analog, can be used to measure function of hepatic drug transporters. Hepatic uptake of NP-59 with and without rifampicin was evaluated using HEK293 cells expressing solute carrier transporters. The stability of NP-59 was evaluated using mouse blood, bile, and liver, and human liver S9. Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters for bile excretion were examined using hepatic ABC transporter vesicles expressing multidrug resistance protein 1, multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP)1-4, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), or bile salt export pump with and without MK-571 and Ko143. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed in normal mice injected with NP-59 in the presence or absence of Ko143. Uptake of NP-59 into HEK293 cells expressing organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1 and OATP1B3 was significantly higher than that into mock cells and was inhibited by rifampicin. NP-59 was minimally metabolized in mouse blood, bile, and liver, and human liver S9 after 120 min of incubation. In vesicles, NP-59 was transported by MRP1 and BCRP. Excretion of NP-59 into bile via BCRP was observed in normal mice with and without Ko143 in the biological distribution and SPECT imaging. NP-59 can be used to visualize and measure the hepatic function of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and BCRP.
Efficient enrichment of glycopeptides by supramolecular nanoassemblies that use proximity-assisted covalent binding
Authors: Wang Meizhe , Gao Jingjing , Zhao Bo , Thayumanavan S. , Vachet Richard W.
Published: September 2019

Covalent capture and enrichment of glycopeptides for mass spectrometry analysis can be accomplished using supramolecular nanoassemblies that feature functional groups that accelerate the capture reaction.
Full spectrum core–shell phosphors under ultraviolet excitation
Authors: Ding Hui , Qin Haiming , Feng Shaowei , Hua Hui , Du Qiping , Jiang Hongtao , Jiang Jun , Jiang Haochuan
Published: September 2019

A YAG:Ce/MgY4Si3O13:Ce–Y2O3:Eu core–shell structure phosphor can emit photons from 340 nm to 700 nm under ultraviolet excitation.
Controllable synthesis of 3-iodo-2H-quinolizin-2-ones and 1,3-diiodo-2H-quinolizin-2-onesviaelectrophilic cyclization of azacyclic ynones
Authors: Yang Wan-Wan , Zhang Jing-Wen , Chen Lu-Lu , Fu Ji-Ya , Zhu Jun-Yan , Wang Yan-Bo
Published: September 2019

An efficient approach was developed to divergently synthesize 3-ipdo-2H-quinolizin-2-ones and 1,3-diiodo-2H-quinolizin-2-ones from azacyclic ynones with high regioselectivity under metal-free, room temperature conditions in air.
Chemically grafting nanoscale UIO-66 onto polypyrrole nanotubes for long-life lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Li Qi , Zhu Hai , Tang Yanfeng , Zhu Peng , Ma Haiyan , Ge Cunwang , Yan Feng
Published: September 2019

Chemical grafting of nanoscale UIO-66 onto polypyrrole nanotubes (sesame-like PPyNTs@UIO-66) was performed successfully, and the corresponding PPyNT@UIO-66-S cathode greatly improves the cycling performance of lithium–sulfur batteries.
Templating conformations with cucurbiturils
Authors: Thompson Nathan A. , Barbero Héctor , Masson Eric
Published: September 2019

The trans- and cis conformations of 5,5′-substituted 2,2′-dithiophenes can be stabilized when those are secured with two Cucurbit[8]uril macrocycles (CB[8]) on top of rigid 2,6- and 2,7-substituted naphthalenes, which respectively mimic the trans and cis conformations of the dithiophene.
Formation of a tetranuclear supramolecule via non-covalent Pb⋯Cl tetrel bonding interaction in a hemidirected lead(ii) complex with a nickel(ii) containing metaloligand
Authors: Mirdya Saikat , Frontera Antonio , Chattopadhyay Shouvik
Published: September 2019

A hetero-nuclear nickel(ii)/lead(ii) complex has been synthesized and characterized. The tetrel bonding interactions established between the σ-hole at the hemi-coordinated lead(ii) and the electron rich chlorido ligand has been analyzed by DFT study.
Photo induced chemical modification of surface ligands for aggregation and luminescence modulation of copper nanoclusters in the presence of oxygen
Authors: Basu Srestha , Nawaj Md. Wasim , Gayen Chirantan , Paul Anumita
Published: September 2019

Photooxidation of ligands stabilizing copper nanoclusters for modulation of luminescence.
Unveiling the efficiency of microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment for the preparation of SrTiO3 mesocrystals
Authors: da Silva Luís F. , Catto Ariadne C. , Avansi Waldir , Mesquita Alexandre , Maia Lauro J. Q. , Lopes Osmando F. , Li Máximo Siu , Moreira Mário L. , Longo Elson , Andrés Juan , Mastelaro Valmor R.
Published: September 2019

The microwave-assisted hydrothermal route is an efficient and rapid way to obtain SrTiO3 due to a combination of thermal and non-thermal effects. Increasing treatment time reduces defects formed during the fast crystallization of the SrTiO3 phase.
Static and dynamic scavenging of ammoniated electrons by nitromethane
Authors: Rivas Nicolás , Sciaini Germán , Marceca Ernesto
Published: September 2019

We studied the time-resolved scavenging efficiency of nitromethane for transient electron species in liquid ammonia, at a temperature of 298 K.
Growth and stability of Pt nanoclusters from 1 to 50 atoms on h-BN/Rh(111)
Authors: Düll Fabian , Meusel Manuel , Späth Florian , Schötz Simon , Bauer Udo , Bachmann Philipp , Steinhauer Johann , Steinrück Hans-Peter , Bayer Andreas , Papp Christian
Published: September 2019

We investigated growth and temperature stability of Pt nanoclusters from 1 to 50 atoms on h-BN/Rh(111) using high-resolution XPS and STM.
Caffeine destabilizes preformed Aβ protofilaments: insights from all atom molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Gupta Shivani , Dasmahapatra Ashok Kumar
Published: September 2019

The destabilization of the Aβ protofibril in presence of caffeine is attributed to the reduction in number of intra- and inter-chain H-bonds.
Enhanced electromagnon excitations in Nd-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles near morphotropic phase boundaries
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Zhang Yi , Guo Quan , Zhang Dongwen , Zheng Shuaizhi , Feng Ming , Zhong Xiangli , Tan Congbing , Lu Zhihui , Wang Jinbin , Hou Pengfei , Zhou Yichun , Yuan Jianmin
Published: September 2019

In multiferroics, electromagnons have been recognized as a noticeable topic due to their indispensable role in magnetoelectric, magnetodielectric, and magnetocapacitance effects.
Efficient thermal- and photocatalysts made of Au nanoparticles on MgAl-layered double hydroxides for energy and environmental applications
Authors: Zhou Hao , Zhang Yanhui
Published: September 2019

We compared the effect of the surfactant PVP on the catalyst and found that Au/MgAl-LDHs had better catalytic activity than (PVP@Au)/MgAl-LDHs.
Catalytic activity of palladium-doped silver dilute nanoalloys for formate oxidation from a theoretical perspective
Authors: Zhang Nan , Chen Fuyi , Guo Longfei
Published: September 2019

We demonstrate for the first time that the Pd1Ag single-atom alloys exhibit a high catalytic activity for formate oxidation reaction.
From benzene to naphthalene: direct measurement of reactions and intermediates of phenyl radicals and acetylene
Authors: Chu Te-Chun , Buras Zachary J. , Smith Mica C. , Uwagwu Awele B. , Green William H.
Published: September 2019

First-time measurement of time evolution of the main products and critical intermediates on phenyl HACA pathways with a validated pressure-dependent model.
Rationalization of photo-detachment spectra of the indenyl anion (C9H7−) from the perspective of vibronic coupling theory
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Agrawal Shweta , Rao T. Rajagopala , Sarkar Rudraditya
Published: September 2019

Non-adiabaticity of the photo-detachment spectra of the indenyl anion.
Influence of nitro substituents on the redox, electronic, and proton reduction catalytic behavior of phenolate-based [N2O3]-type cobalt(iii) complexes
Authors: Basu Debashis , Mazumder Shivnath , Kpogo Kenneth K. , Verani Cláudio N.
Published: September 2019

The electronic and redox properties of two new nitro-substituted cobalt species are investigated towards proton reduction.
Hydrogenating an organometallic carbon chain: buten-yn-diyl (CHCHCC) as a missing link
Authors: Bartlett Michael J. , Frogley Benjamin J. , Hill Anthony F. , Sharma Manab , Smith Matthew K. , Ward Jas S.
Published: September 2019

The syntheses of bimetallic complexes spanned by the –CHCH–CC– linkage are presented to provide the missing link between common butadiyndiyl –CC–CC– and rare butadiendiyl –CHCH–CHCH– connectivities.
Effect of anion substitution on the structural and transport properties of argyrodites Cu7PSe6−xSx
Authors: Reissig Friederike , Heep Barbara , Panthöfer Martin , Wood Max , Anand Shashwat , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Tremel Wolfgang
Published: September 2019

Inspired by the good performance of argyrodites as ion conducting thermoelectrics and as solid electrolytes we investigated the effect of isovalent S2− substitution for Se2− in Cu7PSe6.
Phase transition in the extreme: a cubic-to-triclinic symmetry change in dielectrically switchable cyanide perovskites
Authors: Trzebiatowska Monika , Gągor Anna , Macalik Lucyna , Peksa Paulina , Sieradzki Adam
Published: September 2019

Two novel three-dimensional metal–organic compounds of formula FA2KM(CN)6, where M = Co, Fe and FA = formamidinium (CH(NH2)2+), have been found to crystallize in a perovskite-like architecture.
Highly efficient catalytic conversion of cellulose into acetol over Ni–Sn supported on nanosilica and the mechanism study
Authors: Liu Xiaohao , Liu Xiaodong , Xu Guangyue , Zhang Ying , Wang Chenguang , Lu Qiang , Ma Longlong
Published: September 2019

61.6% yield of acetol was obtained by one pot conversion of cellulose using Ni–Sn/SiO2 catalysts, and the catalytic mechanism was studied.
Sustainable strategies based on glycine–betaine analogue ionic liquids for the recovery of monoclonal antibodies from cell culture supernatants
Authors: Capela Emanuel V. , Santiago Alexandre E. , Rufino Ana F. C. S. , Tavares Ana P. M. , Pereira Matheus M. , Mohamadou Aminou , Aires-Barros M. Raquel , Coutinho João A. P. , Azevedo Ana M. , Freire Mara G.
Published: September 2019

Ionic-liquid-based aqueous biphasic systems, three phase partitioning methods and hybrid processes combined with ultrafiltration are sustainable strategies for the downstream processing of monoclonal antibodies.
Microfluidic quantification and separation of yeast based on surface adhesion
Authors: Reinmets Kristina , Dehkharghani Amin , Guasto Jeffrey S. , Fuchs Stephen M.
Published: September 2019

Fungal adhesion is fundamental to processes ranging from infections to food production. We developed a microfluidic assay for rapid screening and fractionation of genetically-related yeast based on adhesive properties.
Inkjet-printed PEDOT:PSS multi-electrode arrays for low-costin vitroelectrophysiology
Authors: Garma Leonardo D. , Ferrari Laura M. , Scognamiglio Paola , Greco Francesco , Santoro Francesca
Published: September 2019

We present an innovative fabrication process for the production of low cost fully-plastic flexible MEAs and prove that they are a valid proof-of-concept for a platform for the electrophysiological analysis of cardiac cell cultures.
Lithium ferrite (α-LiFe5O8) nanorod based battery-type asymmetric supercapacitor with NiO nanoflakes as the counter electrode
Authors: William J. Johnson , Babu I. Manohara , Muralidharan G.
Published: September 2019

The fabricated battery-type NiO//α-LiFe5O8cell could deliver a specific energy of 30 W h Kg−1at a specific power of 621 W kg−1with 90.5% capacity retention at the end of 5000 GCD cycles.
Enantioselective separation under humid conditions by chiral Hofmann clathrates: new opportunities for vintage materials
Authors: Mamontova Ekaterina , Trens Philippe , Salles Fabrice , Fraisse Bernard , Gimello Olinda , Guari Yannick , Larionova Joulia , Long Jérôme
Published: September 2019

Chiral Hofmann clathrates for enantioselective adsorption/separation.
Stereoselective defluorinative carboxylation of gem-difluoroalkenes with carbon dioxide
Authors: Xie Shi-Liang , Cui Xiao-Yuan , Gao Xiao-Tong , Zhou Feng , Wu Hai-Hong , Zhou Jian
Published: September 2019

We report an efficient Cu-catalyzed stereoselective C–F bond defluorinative carboxylation reaction of gem-difluoroalkenes with CO2, which enabled the synthesis of fluoroallyl carboxyl acid in high to excellent yields with perfect Z-selectivity.
Microfluidic immobilized enzyme reactors for continuous biocatalysis
Authors: Zhu Yujiao , Chen Qingming , Shao Liyang , Jia Yanwei , Zhang Xuming
Published: September 2019

This review investigates strategies for employing μ-IMERs for continuous biocatalysisviaa top-down approach.
Direct measurement of electrostatic interactions between poly(methyl methacrylate) microspheres with optical laser tweezers
Authors: Choi Kyu Hwan , Kang Dong Woo , Kim Kyung Hak , Kim Jiwon , Lee Youngbok , Im Sang Hyuk , Park Bum Jun
Published: September 2019

Strong electrostatic repulsive forces between PMMA particles in CHB/decane mixtures were directly measured with optical laser tweezers.
Endocuticle sclerotisation increases the mechanical stability of cuticle
Authors: Wang Lu-Yi , Jafarpour Mohsen , Lin Chung-Ping , Appel Esther , Gorb Stanislav N. , Rajabi Hamed
Published: September 2019

Pachyrhynchusweevils are equipped with a sclerotised endocuticle, which is surprisingly stiffer than their exocuticle.
Correction: Label-free non-invasive fluorescent pattern discrimination of thiols and chiral recognition of cysteine enantiomers in biofluids using a bioinspired copolymer–Cu2+ hybrid sensor array regulated by pH
Authors: Lin Zi-Yang , Han Xin-Yue , Chen Zi-Han , Shi Guoyue , Zhang Min
Published: September 2019

Correction for ‘Label-free non-invasive fluorescent pattern discrimination of thiols and chiral recognition of cysteine enantiomers in biofluids using a bioinspired copolymer–Cu2+ hybrid sensor array regulated by pH’ by Zi-Yang Lin et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2018, 6, 6877–6883.
Correction: Tunable large-area phase reversion in chemical vapor deposited few-layer MoTe2 films
Authors: Zhu Xukun , Li Aolin , Wu Di , Zhu Peng , Xiang Haiyan , Liu Song , Sun Jian , Ouyang Fangping , Zhou Yu , Xiong Xiang
Published: September 2019

Correction for ‘Tunable large-area phase reversion in chemical vapor deposited few-layer MoTe2 films’ by Xukun Zhu et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2019, 7, 10598–10604.
Coxiella burnetii utilizes both glutamate and glucose during infection with glucose uptake mediated by multiple transporters
Authors: Kuba Miku , Neha Nitika , De Souza David P. , Dayalan Saravanan , Newson Joshua P. M. , Tull Dedreia , McConville Malcolm J. , Sansom Fiona M. , Newton Hayley J.
Published: September 2019

Coxiella burnetii is a Gram-negative bacterium which causes Q fever, a complex and life-threatening infection with both acute and chronic presentations. C. burnetii invades a variety of host cell types and replicates within a unique vacuole derived from the host cell lysosome. In order to understand how C. burnetii survives within this intracellular niche, we have investigated the carbon metabolism of both intracellular and axenically cultivated bacteria. Both bacterial populations were shown to assimilate exogenous [13C]glucose or [13C]glutamate, with concomitant labeling of intermediates in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, and in the TCA cycle. Significantly, the two populations displayed metabolic pathway profiles reflective of the nutrient availabilities within their propagated environments. Disruption of the C. burnetii glucose transporter, CBU0265, by transposon mutagenesis led to a significant decrease in [13C]glucose utilization but did not abolish glucose usage, suggesting that C. burnetii express additional hexose transporters which may be able to compensate for the loss of CBU0265. This was supported by intracellular infection of human cells and in vivo studies in the insect model showing loss of CBU0265 had no impact on intracellular replication or virulence. Using this mutagenesis and [13C]glucose labeling approach, we identified a second glucose transporter, CBU0347, the disruption of which also showed significant decreases in 13C-label incorporation but did not impact intracellular replication or virulence. Together, these analyses indicate that C. burnetii may use multiple carbon sources in vivo and exhibits greater metabolic flexibility than expected.
Spatial Release From Masking Under Different Reverberant Conditions in Young and Elderly Subjects: Effect of Moving or Stationary Maskers at Circular and Radial Conditions
Authors: Viveros Muñoz Rhoddy , Aspöck Lukas , Fels Janina
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Normal-hearing and hard-of-hearing listeners suffer from reduced speech intelligibility in noisy and reverberant environments. Although daily listening environments are in constant motion, most researchers have only studied speech-in-noise perception for stationary masker locations. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial release from masking (SRM) of circularly and radially moving maskers under different room acoustic conditions for young and elderly subjects.

Method

Twelve young subjects with normal hearing and 12 elderly subjects with normal hearing or mild hearing loss were tested. Several different room acoustic conditions were simulated and reproduced via headphones using binaural synthesis. The target speech stream consisted of German digit triplets, and masker stream consisted of quasistationary noise with matched long-term averaged speech spectra. During the experiment, the position of the masker was changed to be in different stationary positions, or varied continuously. In the latter case, it was moved either on a circular trajectory spanning a 90° azimuth angle or on a radial trajectory linearly increasing the distance to the receiver from 0.5 m to 1.8 m. Absorption characteristics of the virtual room's surfaces were changed, recreating an anechoic room, a treated room with mean reverberation times (RT60) = 0.48 s, and an untreated room with mean RT60 = 1.26 s.

Results

For the circular condition, a significant difference was found between moving and stationary maskers,
F
(4, 44) = 20.91,
p
< .001, with a bigger SRM for stationary maskers than moving masker conditions. Also, both age groups displayed a significant decrease in SRM over the reverberation conditions:
F
(2, 22) = 12.24,
p
< .001.

For the radial condition, both age groups showed a significant decrease in SRM over the reverberation conditions,
F
(2, 22) = 13.62,
p
< .001, as well as the moving and stationary masker conditions,
F
(8, 88) = 29.23,
p
< .001. In general, the SRM of a moving masker decreased when the reverberation increased, especially for elderly subjects.

Conclusions

A radially moving masker led to improved SRM in an anechoic environment for both age groups, whereas a circularly moving masker caused degraded SRM, especially for elderly subjects in the highly reverberant environment.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9795371
Specific Language Impairment in African American English and Southern White English: Measures of Tense and Agreement With Dialect-Informed Probes and Strategic Scoring
Authors: Oetting Janna B. , Berry Jessica R. , Gregory Kyomi D. , Rivière Andrew M. , McDonald Janet
Published: September 2019

Purpose

In African American English and Southern White English, we examined whether children with specific language impairment (SLI) overtly mark tense and agreement structures at lower percentages than typically developing (TD) controls, while also examining the effects of dialect, structure, and scoring approach.

Method

One hundred six kindergartners completed 4 dialect-informed probes targeting 8 tense and agreement structures. The 3 scoring approaches varied in the treatment of nonmainstream English forms and responses coded as Other (i.e., those not obligating the target structure). The unmodified approach counted as correct only mainstream overt forms out of all responses, the modified approach counted as correct all mainstream and nonmainstream overt forms and zero forms out of all responses, and the strategic approach counted as correct all mainstream and nonmainstream overt forms out of all responses except those coded as Other.

Results

With the probes combined and separated, the unmodified and strategic scoring approaches showed lower percentages of overt marking by the SLI groups than by the TD groups; this was not always the case for the modified scoring approach. With strategic scoring and dialect-specific cut scores, classification accuracy (SLI vs. TD) was highest for the 8 individual structures considered together, the past tense probe, and the past tense probe irregular items. Dialect and structure effects and dialect differences in classification accuracy also existed.

Conclusions

African American English– and Southern White English–speaking kindergartners with SLI overtly mark tense and agreement at lower percentages than same dialect–speaking TD controls. Strategic scoring of dialect-informed probes targeting tense and agreement should be pursued in research and clinical practice.
Categorization in the Perception of Breathy Voice Quality and Its Relation to Voice Production in Healthy Speakers
Authors: Park Yeonggwang , Perkell Joseph S. , Matthies Melanie L. , Stepp Cara E.
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Previous studies of speech articulation have shown that individuals who can perceive smaller differences between similar-sounding phonemes showed larger contrasts in their productions of those phonemes. Here, a similar relationship was examined between the perception and production of breathy voice quality.

Method

Twenty females with healthy voices were recruited to participate in both a voice production and a perception experiment. Each participant produced repetitions of a sustained vowel, and acoustic correlates of breathiness were calculated. Identification and discrimination tasks were performed with a series of synthetic stimuli along a breathiness continuum. Categorical boundary location and boundary width were obtained from the identification task as a measurement of perception of breathiness. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to estimate associations between values of boundary location and width and the acoustic correlates of breathiness from the participants' voices.

Results

Significant correlations between boundary width (
r
= −.53 to −.6) and some acoustic correlates were found, but no significant relationships were observed between boundary location and the acoustic correlates.

Conclusions

Speakers with small boundary widths, which suggest higher perceptual precision in differentiating breathiness, had typical voices that were less breathy, as estimated with acoustic measures, compared to speakers with large boundary widths. Our findings may support a link between perception and production of breathy voice quality.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9808478
Properties of radio-loud quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Authors: Gaur H. , Gu M. , Ramya S. , Guo H.
Published: September 2019

We present a study of a sample of 223 radio-loud quasars (up to redshift < 0.3) in order to investigate their spectral properties. Twenty-six of these radio-loud quasars are identified as flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), and 54 are identified as steep-spectrum radio quasars (SSRQs) based on their radio spectral index. We study the [O III] line properties of these quasars to investigate the origin and properties of blue wings (shift of the profile toward lower wavelengths) and blue outliers (shift of the whole spectroscopic feature). Most of the quasars show blue wings with velocities of up to 420 km s−1. We find that about 17% of the quasars show outliers whose velocities span from 419 to −315 km s−1. Finally, we revisit the MBH − σ relation of our sample using the [S II]λ 6716,6731 and [O III] line widths as surrogates for stellar velocity dispersions, σ, to investigate their location on the MBH − σ relation for quiescent galaxies. Because [S II] is strongly blended with Hα, we were able to estimate σ[S II] for only 123 quasars. We find that the radio-loud quasars do not show a relationship between MBH and σ[S II]/[O III] up to a redshift of 0.3, although they cluster around the local relation. We find an overall offset of 0.12 ± 0.05 dex of our sample of radio-loud quasars from the MBH − σ relation of quiescent galaxies. Quasars in our highest redshift bin (z = 0.25 − 0.3) show a deviation of ∼0.33 ± 0.06 dex from the local relation. Implications of the results are discussed.
VEXAS: VISTA EXtension to Auxiliary Surveys
Authors: Spiniello C. , Agnello A.
Published: September 2019

Context.We present the first public data release of the VISTA EXtension to Auxiliary Surveys (VEXAS), comprising nine cross-matched multi-wavelength photometric catalogues where each object has a match in at least two surveys.

Aims.Our aim is to provide spatial coverage that is as uniform as possible in the multi-wavelength sky and to provide the astronomical community with reference magnitudes and colours for various scientific uses: object classification (e.g. quasars, galaxies, and stars; high-zgalaxies, white dwarfs); photometric redshifts of large galaxy samples; searches of exotic objects (e.g. extremely red objects and lensed quasars).

Methods.We cross-matched the wide-field VISTA catalogues (the VISTA Hemisphere Survey and the VISTA Kilo Degree Infrared Galaxy Survey) with the AllWISE mid-infrared Survey, requiring a match within 10″. We have further matched this table with X-ray and radio data (ROSAT, XMM, SUMSS). We also performed a second cross-match between VISTA and AllWISE, with a smaller matching radius (3″), including WISE magnitudes. We then cross-matched this resulting table (≈138 × 106objects) with three photometric wide-sky optical deep surveys (DES, SkyMapper, PanSTARRS). We finally included matches to objects with spectroscopic follow-up by the SDSS and 6dFGS.

Results.To demonstrate the power of all-sky multi-wavelength cross-match tables, we show two examples of scientific applications of VEXAS, in particular using the publicly released tables to discover strong gravitational lenses (beyond the reach of previous searches) and to build a statistically large sample of extremely red objects.

Conclusions.The VEXAS catalogue is currently the widest and deepest public optical-to-IR photometric and spectroscopic database in the southern hemisphere.
Study of the Acute Toxicity of a New Dosage Form of Naloxone Hydrochloride for Intranasal Administration
Authors: Bariev Eduard A. , Krasnyuk Ivan I. , Anurova Maria N. , Bakhrushina Elena O. , Smirnov Valery V. , Bardakov Alexander I. , Demina Natalya B. , Krasnyuk Ivan I.
Published: September 2019

The experiment was conducted on 10 Wistar rats, male and female, with initial body weight 270–280 g (males) and 250–260 g (females). The drug was administered using a spray cap in 10 doses of 0.1 mg at 45 min intervals. The average cumulative dose of the drug per naloxone hydrochloride was 36.6 mg/kg for males and 39.4 mg/kg for females. The animals were monitored for 2 weeks after the exposure and then euthanized by a gentle decapitation.

We noticed that after each drug administration the animals showed a decrease in motor activity. During the observation period there were no animal deaths or signs of abnormalities in their general state or behavior. Beginning on day 7 a significant increase in body weight of the animals was noted in comparison with the initial data. The relative mass of the internal organs of the treated rats remained within the physiological norm.

We conclude that naloxone hydrochloride after an intranasal administration at 36.6 mg/kg for males and 39.4 mg/kg for females does not cause death of animals and or have a toxic effect on their general state, does not change their protein metabolism characteristics or the appearance of the internal organs and their mass.