bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critical urban cosmopolitanism and the governance of urban diversity in European cities
Authors: Raco Mike
Published: December 2016

This paper draws on the findings of a cross-national European Union project, named DIVERCITIES, that analyses the relationships between narratives and meanings of the term ‘diversity’ and their influence on the governance and planning of European cities. It is widely argued that there is a growing dissonance between the policy narratives and agendas found in metropolitan cities and amongst national governments. The former are characterised as being more pragmatic, tolerant and open in their approaches than the latter who, in many instances, have adopted more assimilationalist and nationalist rhetorics and policies. In exploring these governance dynamics, the paper builds on the work of Delanty to argue for a methodological approach grounded in what he terms critical cosmopolitanism, or a focus on the dynamic interactions between global and local influences on governmentalities and policy priorities. Much of the writing on critical cosmopolitanism has focused on questions of identity. This paper expands the concept and assesses its applicability to understandings and interpretations of urban politics and governance, through the lens of diversity narratives and the ways in which they are ‘fixed’ to broader political projects by regimes in different contexts. It argues that a range of meanings are being attached to ‘diversity’. In some instances, the term acts as a focus for more progressive forms of intervention. In others, however, it is being used to justify divisive forms of growth politics or acts as a lightning rod for existing discontents. The paper concludes by reflecting on the impacts of recent anti-globalisation and immigration politics across Europe and the fragility of existing fixes and policy assumptions.
Elmer G Beamer and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants: The pursuit of a cognitive standard for the accounting profession
Authors: Persson Martin E , Radcliffe Vaughan S , Stein Mitch
Published: December 2016

This article investigates Elmer G Beamer’s (1909–2000) activities at the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) during a 30-year period beginning in the 1950s, using a theoretical lens from the sociology of professions literature. Beamer was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1909 and trained as an accountant with Haskins & Sells after graduating from high school. He stayed with the same firm throughout his career and rose to the position of partner. While in public practice, Beamer gave unselfishly of his time to the profession. As a member of the AICPA, Beamer chaired the Committee on the Common Body of Knowledge of CPAs (Certified Public Accountants), Committee on Education and Experience Requirements, and the Ad Hoc Committee on Continuing Education. The goal of the three committees was to establish a common body of knowledge for accountants in public practice. Beamer’s efforts resulted in the 150 credit-hour requirements for CPAs and the mandate for yearly continuing professional education for accountants to maintain an active CPA license in the United States. The article draws on archival material from the Elmer G. Beamer Papers Collection at the University of Florida. The collection contains over 500 items of Beamer’s personal correspondence, committee memorandums, and writings. The article concludes with a discussion of the empirical narrative and Beamer’s role in the larger context of the professionalization of the accounting discipline in the United States.
Using Movies to Change Homophobic Attitudes of Social Work Students
Authors: Serpen Ayşe Sezen , Demirbilek Melahat , Duyan Veli , Megahead Hamido A.
Published: December 2016

Objectives:

This article examines homophobic attitude changes among undergraduate social work students in two major universities located in Ankara, Turkey.

Method:

The research was conducted in Ankara for 10 weeks with 54 volunteer students from Ankara University and Hacettepe University. During one term, nine movies were screened, a get-acquainted meeting was held, three information booklets were distributed, and the Homosexuality Attitudes Scale (HAS) was given at the beginning and end of the term.

Results:

The mean HAS score at the pretest was 166.28 ( SD = 35.33), and the mean posttest score was 146.93 ( SD = 41.09). A paired samples t-test found this reduction to be statistically significant at p < .05 level, with a Cohen’s d effect size of .52, r = .25.

Conclusions:

These results are consistent with the hypothesis that viewing gay-friend mainstream movies can contribute to a reduction in prejudice again homosexuals. Viewing such movies may be an important component of social work education aimed at enhancing favorable views toward diverse sexual orientations and promoting social workers’ ability to effectively engage with gays and lesbians in practice.
Unwrapping the Thick Coat of Armor: A Conversation With Susan Albrecht
Authors: Kaff Marilyn , Teagarden Jim , Zabel Robert
Published: December 2016

Susan Albrecht’s career has spanned more than 40 years. During those years she has served as an English teacher, school psychologist, behavior consultant, coordinator of services, and special education faulty member. Her contributions to the field include leadership positions with the Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders. Susan shared her reflections on her career and her view on the challenges facing the field in the future.
Validation of the German Career Decision-Making Profile—An Updated 12-Factor Version
Authors: Ebner Katharina , Thiele Lisa , Spurk Daniel , Kauffeld Simone
Published: December 2016

The Career Decision-Making Profile (CDMP) was developed by Gati and colleagues in 2010 as an attempt to reliably measure which strategies individuals apply when making career decisions. In order to provide counseling and coaching professionals with a German version of the scale, we translated and validated the German version (G-CDMP) in two studies (total N = 622). Results of Study 1 verified the proposed 12-factor structure by means of confirmatory factor analyses, confirming that the G-CDMP assesses 12 distinct career decision-making strategies. Results of Study 2 demonstrated the G-CDMP’s construct validity on subscale level by relating it to self-evaluations (e.g., occupational self-efficacy) and personality (i.e., the Big Five) as well as to career-related constructs, such as career adaptability and cognitive reactions toward career-life decisions (e.g., life satisfaction). As the studies provide support for the G-CDMP’s factor structure and its construct validity, implications for its use during career counseling are discussed.
The Cellular Diversity of the Pedunculopontine Nucleus: Relevance to Behavior in Health and Aspects of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Pienaar Ilse S. , Vernon Anthony , Winn Philip
Published: December 2016

The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is a rostral brainstem structure that has extensive connections with basal ganglia nuclei and the thalamus. Through these the PPN contributes to neural circuits that effect cortical and hippocampal activity. The PPN also has descending connections to nuclei of the pontine and medullary reticular formations, deep cerebellar nuclei, and the spinal cord. Interest in the PPN has increased dramatically since it was first suggested to be a novel target for treating patients with Parkinson’s disease who are refractory to medication. However, application of frequency-specific electrical stimulation of the PPN has produced inconsistent results. A central reason for this is that the PPN is not a heterogeneous structure. In this article, we review current knowledge of the neurochemical identity and topographical distribution of neurons within the PPN of both humans and experimental animals, focusing on studies that used neuronally selective targeting strategies to ascertain how the neurochemical heterogeneity of the PPN relates to its diverse functions in relation to movement and cognitive processes. If the therapeutic potential of the PPN is to be realized, it is critical to understand the complex structure-function relationships that exist here.
Critical Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Denzin Norman K.
Published: December 2016

What are the key issues confronting the call for a new critical inquiry? How to create a new family of terms for a new critical inquiry, terms slip and slide, fall over one another: critical embodied, transformative, dialogic, reflexive, participatory, emancipatory, narratives of resistance, plateaus, planes of composition, Deleuze, Guattari, assemblages, affect, nomadic inquiry, rhizomatic, love, loss, praxis writing as a way of being in the world. Writing framed around acts of activism and resistance. How do we move forward?
Rethinking organization theory: The fold, the rhizome and the seam between organization and the literary
Authors: Pick David
Published: December 2016

The aim of this article is to apply literary theory and a work of literary fiction ( Cloud Atlas by David Mitchell) to the task of offering points of departure for new thinking about organization theory. To this end, I locate this article at the seam between organization and the literary, where I employ two concepts proposed by Deleuze (the fold and the rhizome), apply the semiotic square and discuss the relationship between form and content. An examination of Cloud Atlas is positioned in the middle of the article to reflect the idea that the literary is at the heart of organization and vice versa. In keeping with the literary spirit of Cloud Atlas, this article mirrors the following narrative pattern of the novel: A | B | C | D | C | B | A. By working the seam, I find a way of developing alternative metaphors, challenging prevailing ideological assumptions and problematizing current paradigm assumptions.
Transboundary hazardous wastes and environmental justice
Authors: Ajibo Kenneth I.
Published: December 2016

The generation and international movement of hazardous wastes including their disposal in economically evolving world remains a topical issue in the environmental justice debate. Globally, it is estimated that more than 90 percent of wastes produced and traded annually are from industrialised nations. Most of these hazardous wastes are shipped to developing countries for recycling and disposal. The article argues that tightening of the weaker provisions of Basel Convention is urgently needed to assist the developing world, especially in Africa. This requires both technical transfer and capacity building given the consequences of hazardous wastes to human health and environment. Similarly, the Prior Informed Consent (PIC) procedure should be upgraded to meet the sound Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) standard. This entails evaluating the potential risk and ability, thus allowing the importing countries to make an informed decision. The implication of this is that Basel has the potential to promote environmental justice if the key institutional reforms are made without a total ban on wastes trade in developing world.
Mouthpiece ventilation and complementary techniques in patients with neuromuscular disease: A brief clinical review and update
Authors: Pinto Tiago , Chatwin Michelle , Banfi Paolo , Winck Joao Carlos , Nicolini Antonello
Published: December 2016

Noninvasive ventilatory support (NVS) is sometimes reported as suboptimal in patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD). The reasons for this include inadequate ventilator settings and/or lack of interface tolerance. NVS has been used for many years in patients with NMD disorders as a viable alternative to continuous ventilatory support via a tracheostomy tube. The mouthpiece ventilation (MPV) is a ventilatory mode that is used as daytime ventilatory support in combination with other ventilatory modalities and interfaces for nocturnal NVS. However, there is still a poor understanding of this method’s benefits compared with other modalities. This review aims to highlight the indications and advantages along with the disadvantages of MPV.
Characterization of novel Passiflora foetida natural fibers for paper board industry
Authors: Venkatachalam N , Navaneethakrishnan P , Sathishkumar TP
Published: December 2016

In the current scenario, the paperboard industries are experimenting the reinforcement of their products with various natural fibers. Based on affordability, low weight, biodegradability and recyclability, natural fiber-reinforced composites have attracted the attention of industrial researchers. In the present work, investigations have been carried out to find the suitability of the Passiflora foetida fiber for paper board industry. The physico-mechanical and chemical compositions in the fiber are analyzed with the help of standard methods. The average density and diameter of the fibers were 1.22 g/cm3 and 98.48 ± 5.65 µm, respectively. The fibers showed a tensile strength of 0.32 ± 0.21 MPa, Young’s modulus of 19.42 MPa and strain-to-failure of 2.05 ± 0.18%. The maximum peak of depolymerization is obtained at 361.7℃ in DTG curve. These properties make the Passiflora foetida fibers suitable for replacing the existing fiber in the paperboard composites.
The role of adipose tissue in cancer-associated cachexia
Authors: Vaitkus Janina A , Celi Francesco S
Published: December 2016

Adipose tissue (fat) is a heterogeneous organ, both in function and histology, distributed throughout the body. White adipose tissue, responsible for energy storage and more recently found to have endocrine and inflammation-modulatory activities, was historically thought to be the only type of fat present in adult humans. The recent demonstration of functional brown adipose tissue in adults, which is highly metabolic, shifted this paradigm. Additionally, recent studies demonstrate the ability of white adipose tissue to be induced toward the brown adipose phenotype – “beige” or “brite” adipose tissue – in a process referred to as “browning.” While these adipose tissue depots are under investigation in the context of obesity, new evidence suggests a maladaptive role in other metabolic disturbances including cancer-associated cachexia, which is the topic of this review. This syndrome is multifactorial in nature and is an independent factor associated with poor prognosis. Here, we review the contributions of all three adipose depots – white, brown, and beige – to the development and progression of cancer-associated cachexia. Specifically, we focus on the local and systemic processes involving these adipose tissues that lead to increased energy expenditure and sustained negative energy balance. We highlight key findings from both animal and human studies and discuss areas within the field that need further exploration.

Impact statement

Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a complex, multifactorial syndrome that negatively impacts patient quality of live and prognosis. This work reviews a component of CAC that lacks prior discussion: adipose tissue contributions. Uniquely, it discusses all three types of adipose tissue, white, beige, and brown, their interactions, and their contributions to the development and progression of CAC. Summarizing key bench and clinical studies, it provides information that will be useful to both basic and clinical researchers in designing experiments, studies, and clinical trials.
Finite-time stabilization of switched linear systems and its application in terminal guidance
Authors: Guo Yang , Hu Xiaoxiang , Deng Biao , Zhang Shuai , Jiang Yu
Published: December 2016

This article presents finite-time stabilization methods of switched linear systems with disturbances. After extending finite-time stabilization and finite-time boundedness definitions to switched linear systems, sufficient conditions guaranteeing system finite-time boundedness are proposed, by which the state feedback controller method is obtained. For a class of switched terminal guidance systems, the methods are illustrated by application to guidance design to solve the finite-time stabilization problem considering nonzero initial conditions and state constraints.
A narrative review of the literature about people with intellectual disability who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex or questioning
Authors: Wilson Nathan J , Macdonald Jemima , Hayman Brenda , Bright Alexandra M , Frawley Patsie , Gallego Gisselle
Published: December 2016

This narrative review of the research literature presents a summary about the key issues facing people with intellectual disability (ID) who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex or questioning (LGBTIQ). The aim of this review was to consolidate research of the topic; to identify whether any pilot studies reporting social/sexual/educational interventions had been published; and to offer some perspective on the type of future research required to better inform policy, practice and theory that may lead to better outcomes for people with ID who identify as LGBTIQ. Almost all of the research literature on the topic is either exploratory or descriptive which serves to outline the range of issues faced by people with ID who identify as LGBTIQ. Urgently needed as the next step, however, is a concerted effort to conduct a range of innovative educational and social interventions with collection of targeted and appropriate outcomes data.
Making policy in the classroom
Authors: Hohmann Ulrike
Published: December 2016

The concept of street-level bureaucracy (Lipsky, 1980, 2010) examines the form and extent discretion takes in teachers’ and other public policy enactors’ work and how they negotiate their way through sometimes contradictory policy imperatives. It provides a framework for straddling top-down and bottom-up perspectives on policy making. In this article, I argue that comparative education research should take advantage of the analytical framework this perspective offers. It requires, first, mapping out policies resulting in the characteristics of teachers’ discretion in a particular national or local context and, second, to observe how teachers make use of this discretionary space in their daily work. Lipsky has shown strategies employed by street-level bureaucrats to alleviate workload pressures and how they make policy in this way. Applying street-level bureaucracy in comparative education research illuminates why straightforward policy transfer is problematic and how it can be employed to explore practices around inclusion and exclusion.
Using the phenomenology of artistic practice to explore and compare teaching
Authors: Krantz Göran
Published: December 2016

The act of teaching is constituted by tensions between contradictory influences of national educational systems, teachers’ professional/personal identity, cultural and social values. Qualitative research methods can explore this complex situation. Indeed, narrative methods have explored teachers’ ‘life histories’. This article provides a review of the development, design and usefulness of a new qualitative method, Phenomenology of Artistic Practice (PAP). It focuses on the act of performative movement. It has been successful in the exploration of students’ experiences of dance. PAP uses performative movement, poetry and picture in a comparative process to create a ‘third space’ in which the dynamic quality of experience emerging from practice can be explored. Perspectives on the nature of experience discussed by Dewey, Vygotsky and Merleau-Ponty are included. It is argued that PAP can be useful in comparative international pedagogy because it can explore how teachers’ experience, and their practice, can help them the complex factors that influence the act of teaching.
Collaborative practices and consumerist habitus: An analysis of the transformative mechanisms of collaborative consumption
Authors: Herbert Maud , Collin-Lachaud Isabelle
Published: December 2016

In 2010, collaborative consumption was raised up as a disruptive and even revolutionary mode of consumption. Adopting a theoretical and methodological framework inspired by the praxeology of Pierre Bourdieu, this article offers a study of this transformative prophecy. Qualitative data were collected incrementally and using various methods. Their analysis reveals that consumers identify and adopt these activities above all in practical ways shaped by commercial mechanisms. Although influenced by this consumerist habitus, some collaborative practices are also based on an alternative market mindset. Furthermore, consumers identify a space for practices between which they navigate in dynamic ways. Based on these mechanisms and the level of perceived socialisation inherent in collaborative activities, we propose to discuss the consumerist habitus, the transformative potential of such practices and the challenges ahead for marketing research.
Treatment of Recurrent Ovarian Cysts and Primary Infertility by Iranian Traditional Medicine: A Case Report
Authors: Salehi Mehdi , Setayesh Mohammad , Mokaberinejad Roshanak
Published: December 2016

Infertility is a medical and psychosocial problem with a high prevalence. There are different treatments for this problem in Iranian traditional medicine. A 28-year-old woman presented with the complaints of 4 emergency operations of the left ovarian cyst during 4 years and infertility. Diagnostic laparoscopy showed an ovarian cyst, adhesion, and endometriosis. Hysteroscopy was unremarkable. After 2 months of letrozole administration, the ovarian cyst ruptured again. Considering the failure of conventional treatments, Iranian traditional medicine products were administered to the patient. After 3 months, the patient conceived and delivered a healthy boy through normal vaginal delivery. These compounds may help with pregnancy as a uterine tonic, vitalizer, and aphrodisiac with brain and cardiac tonic properties.
The Benefits of College Marching Bands for Students and Universities: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Cumberledge Jason P.
Published: December 2016

College marching bands are a large and visible part of American music education. Institutions of higher learning have benefited from the existence of marching bands, as they serve as a powerful recruitment tool and an essential public relations vehicle for music departments and universities. The benefit students may receive from marching band participation is influenced by a variety of social and educational factors. This article is a review of literature on the benefits of marching bands and band participation for universities and college students. The review is organized as follows: (a) brief introduction and methodology, (b) benefits for colleges and universities, (c) benefits for college students, (d) challenges for college students, and (e) summary and recommendations. This article presents scholarship on the possible benefits of marching bands for students and universities in an effort to aid recruitment and inform administrators of the value a marching band brings to their school.
Combining independent de novo assemblies optimizes the coding transcriptome for nonconventional model eukaryotic organisms
Authors: Cerveau Nicolas , Jackson Daniel J.
Published: December 2016

Background

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are arguably the most revolutionary technical development to join the list of tools available to molecular biologists since PCR. For researchers working with nonconventional model organisms one major problem with the currently dominant NGS platform (Illumina) stems from the obligatory fragmentation of nucleic acid material that occurs prior to sequencing during library preparation. This step creates a significant bioinformatic challenge for accurate de novo assembly of novel transcriptome data. This challenge becomes apparent when a variety of modern assembly tools (of which there is no shortage) are applied to the same raw NGS dataset. With the same assembly parameters these tools can generate markedly different assembly outputs.

Results

In this study we present an approach that generates an optimized consensus de novo assembly of eukaryotic coding transcriptomes. This approach does not represent a new assembler, rather it combines the outputs of a variety of established assembly packages, and removes redundancy via a series of clustering steps. We test and validate our approach using Illumina datasets from six phylogenetically diverse eukaryotes (three metazoans, two plants and a yeast) and two simulated datasets derived from metazoan reference genome annotations. All of these datasets were assembled using three currently popular assembly packages (CLC, Trinity and IDBA-tran). In addition, we experimentally demonstrate that transcripts unique to one particular assembly package are likely to be bioinformatic artefacts. For all eight datasets our pipeline generates more concise transcriptomes that in fact possess more unique annotatable protein domains than any of the three individual assemblers we employed. Another measure of assembly completeness (using the purpose built BUSCO databases) also confirmed that our approach yields more information.

Conclusions

Our approach yields coding transcriptome assemblies that are more likely to be closer to biological reality than any of the three individual assembly packages we investigated. This approach (freely available as a simple perl script) will be of use to researchers working with species for which there is little or no reference data against which the assembly of a transcriptome can be performed.
Detecting a known near-surface target through application of frequency-dependent traveltime tomography and full-waveform inversion to P- and SH-wave seismic refraction data
Authors: Chen Jianxiong , Zelt Colin A. , Jaiswal Priyank
Published: December 2016

We have applied a combined workflow of frequency-dependent traveltime tomography (FDTT) and full-waveform inversion (FWI) to 2D near-surface P- and SH-wave seismic data to detect a known target consisting of a buried tunnel with concrete walls and a void space inside. FDTT inverted the P- and SH-wave picked traveltimes at 250 Hz to provide long-wavelength background velocity models as the starting models for FWI. FWI inverted 18–54 Hz P-wave data and 16–50 Hz SH-wave data to produce velocity models with subwavelength- and wavelength-scale features allowing for direct interpretation of the velocity models as is usually carried out in conventional imaging using seismic reflection data. The P- and SH-wave models image the top part of the tunnel at the correct location at a depth of 1.6 m as a high-velocity anomaly. The P-wave models also image the air in the void space of the tunnel as a low-velocity anomaly. The inverted models were assessed by synthetic tests, the consistency of the inverted sources, and the fit between the predicted and observed data. As a comparison, conventional ray-theory infinite-frequency traveltime tomography (IFTT) was also applied in a combined workflow with FWI. The comparisons of the inverted models favor the use of FDTT over IFTT because (1) The FDTT models better recover the magnitude of the velocity anomalies and (2) the FDTT model serves as a better starting model for FWI, which results in a more accurate FWI velocity estimation with better recovery of the magnitude and location of the key features. FDTT will not provide significant benefits over IFTT in all studies, particularly those in which ray theory is valid.
Analytical path-summation imaging of seismic diffractions
Authors: Merzlikin Dmitrii , Fomel Sergey
Published: December 2016

Diffraction imaging aims to emphasize small subsurface objects, such as faults, fracture swarms, and channels. Similar to classical reflection imaging, velocity analysis is crucially important for accurate diffraction imaging. Path-summation migration provides an imaging method that produces an image of the subsurface without picking a velocity model. Previous methods of path-summation imaging involve a discrete summation of the images corresponding to all possible migration velocity distributions within a predefined integration range and thus involve a significant computational cost. We have developed a direct analytical formula for path-summation imaging based on the continuous integration of the images along the velocity dimension, which reduces the cost to that of only two fast Fourier transforms. The analytic approach also enabled automatic migration velocity extraction from diffractions using a double path-summation migration framework. Synthetic and field data examples confirm the efficiency of the proposed techniques.
A Bayesian approach to modeling 2D gravity data using polygons
Authors: Titus William J. , Titus Sarah J. , Davis Joshua R.
Published: December 2016

We apply a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo formalism to the gravity inversion of a single localized 2D subsurface object. The object is modeled as a polygon described by five parameters: the number of vertices, a density contrast, a shape-limiting factor, and the width and depth of an encompassing container. We first constrain these parameters with an interactive forward model and explicit geologic information. Then, we generate an approximate probability distribution of polygons for a given set of parameter values. From these, we determine statistical distributions such as the variance between the observed and model fields, the area, the center of area, and the occupancy probability (the probability that a spatial point lies within the subsurface object). We introduce replica exchange to mitigate trapping in local optima and to compute model probabilities and their uncertainties. We apply our techniques to synthetic data sets and a natural data set collected across the Rio Grande Gorge Bridge in New Mexico. On the basis of our examples, we find that the occupancy probability is useful in visualizing the results, giving a “hazy” cross section of the object. We also find that the role of the container is important in making predictions about the subsurface object.
Instantaneous frequency and phase without unwrapping
Authors: Vesnaver Aldo
Published: December 2016

The instantaneous phase of a complex trace is normally computed as an inverse tangent function of the ratio between its imaginary and real parts. This algorithm often produces a discontinuous function in the range [[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]], as the principal value of the inverse tangent is assumed. The attempt of removing these discontinuities, called phase unwrapping, introduces uncertainties and some personal bias because it requires user-defined parameters. A new algorithm that does not require any of these parameters is presented with the related software code and some application examples. The results indicate a fair robustness of the estimates with respect to the noise, for the instantaneous phase and frequency. In addition, the median-averaged instantaneous frequency is a useful tool for the seismic stratigraphy analysis.
Epistolary Women: Navigating Ethnicity and Authenticity in Ana Castillo'sMixquiahuala Lettersand Hualing Nieh'sMulberry and Peach
Authors: Greenberg Linda Margarita
Published: December 2016

The epistolary genre suggests its own authenticity, asking the reader to suspend disbelief and to treat the letters that compose its pages as historical artifact. Similarly, ethnic literature is a field too often valued for its sociological truth, admired for the extent to which its narratives express authentic ethnic experiences. This article explores the crossroads of epistolary fiction and ethnic literature, charting the collapse of authenticity in Ana Castillo's 1986 Mixquiahuala Letters and Hauling Nieh's 1988 Mulberry and Peach: Two Women of China. It argues that, far from being a venue for a singular authenticity, ethnic epistolary fiction offers the possibility for multiple iterations of subjectivity. In addition, ethnic literature likewise reinscribes the epistolary as an inherently inauthentic genre. In these novels the reader's contact with the characters is always mediated through the self-consciously textual form of the letters that the characters write as the narrative moves forward. Rather than highlighting authentic understandings of the minority group at hand, the relative disembodiment and conspicuous textuality of the epistolary genre works against such impulses to authenticate and define. Insisting on contingent performance rather than authentic truth, these novels enable complex and fluid constructions of self and homeland.
“No Poetry Will Serve”: The Cruel Optimism of Adrienne Rich's Last Poems
Authors: Neilson Jeffrey
Published: December 2016

This article approaches Adrienne Rich's late poems in terms of the shifting conceptions of the poetic “career” in late modernity. I argue that if one were to place Rich's late writings into the normative framework of career “fulfillment,” one would crucially overlook Rich's considerably beleaguered persistence as a poet of radical left-wing politics. Thus the idea of a “career trajectory” in effect too rigidly tries to organize what for Rich has become a melancholic commitment to a conception of poetic practice that has endured temporal dislocations while sustaining an engagement with the present. Focusing on her last collection of poetry, Tonight No Poetry Will Serve (2011), I reconsider how Rich's late lyrics articulate the desire for and aesthetic difficulty of what the anthropologist Elizabeth A. Povinelli calls the “possibility of being otherwise” under late liberalism. Rich's late poems thereby illustrate how late modernism constitutes an interstitial living or what Lauren Berlant has theorized as the “cruel optimism” of late-modern fantasies of the good life. These last poems face their own cruelly optimistic attachments to poetry's political vocation without succumbing to the paralyzing forms of ethical and epistemological violence that proliferate in the twenty-first century.
Inhibition of HIV-1 Gag–membrane interactions by specific RNAs
Authors: Todd Gabrielle C. , Duchon Alice , Inlora Jingga , Olson Erik D. , Musier-Forsyth Karin , Ono Akira
Published: December 2016

HIV-1 particle assembly, which occurs at the plasma membrane (PM) of cells, is driven by the viral polyprotein Gag. Gag recognizes phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], a PM-specific phospholipid, via the highly basic region (HBR) in its N-terminal matrix (MA) domain. The HBR is also known to bind to RNA. We have previously shown, using an in vitro liposome binding assay, that RNA inhibits Gag binding to membranes that lack PI(4,5)P2. If this RNA block is removed by RNase treatment, Gag can bind nonspecifically to other negatively charged membranes. In an effort to identify the RNA species that confer this inhibition of Gag membrane binding, we have tested the impact of purified RNAs on Gag interactions with negatively charged liposomes lacking PI(4,5)P2. We found that some tRNA species and RNAs containing stem–loop 1 of the psi region in the 5′ untranslated region of the HIV-1 genome impose inhibition of Gag binding to membranes lacking PI(4,5)P2. In contrast, a specific subset of tRNAs, as well as an RNA sequence previously selected in vitro for MA binding, failed to suppress Gag–membrane interactions. Furthermore, switching the identity of charged residues in the HBR did not diminish the susceptibility of Gag–liposome binding for each of the RNAs tested, while deletion of most of the NC domain abrogates the inhibition of membrane binding mediated by the RNAs that are inhibitory to WT Gag–liposome binding. These results support a model in which NC facilitates binding of RNA to MA and thereby promotes RNA-based inhibition of Gag–membrane binding.
3D Simulation of Second-Order Surfaces
Authors: Ремонтова  , Remontova Lyudmila , Нестеренко  , Nesterenko Leonid , Бурлов  , Burlov V. , Орлов  , Orlov Nikita
Published: December 2016

This paper’s material is destined for high educational

institutions’ graduate students and teachers whose professional

activity is connected with problems of descriptive geometry

and engineering graphics teaching improving on the basis of modern

computer technology. The paper will be useful to students of

technical universities in their further understanding the course of

descriptive geometry and inoculation them an interest in their

personal geometric and graphic training, without which a quality

engineering creativity is impossible.

The paper focuses on use of KOMPAS-3D software possibilities

which enables solution of nearly all educational, as well as professional

engineering and graphics problems. At the same time, the

promotion of domestic IT-product in educational area is an urgent

task, arising from the problem of technical education at the present

stage of public education’s system development.

A number of examples related to solution of spatial problems

connected with second-order surfaces simulation have been considered.

On the basis of descriptive geometry’s laws applicable to

surface problems, a feature of their solution and display on computer

screen has been illustrated. For example, in the graphic editor

KOMPAS-3D there is the Ellipse command, but there are no

Hyperbola or Parabola commands. But without these curves it is

impossible to create a 3D model of hyperboloid (one- or two-sheet),

paraboloid, or hyperbolic paraboloid. To create these curves it has

been proposed to use conics of circular cone, canonical or parametric

equations of hyperbolas and parabolas. For each of these

options the examples of second-order surfaces 3D models creation have been considered.
Development of mathematical model prime cost milling operations optimization.
Authors: Аверченков Андрей , Averchenkov Andrey , Кукло Евгений , Kuklo Evgeniy
Published: December 2016

The automatic selection of cutting tools for efficient milling was issued. Mathematical modeling procedures and developing software modules for the automated selection of cutting tools were described.
Methodology of sites ergonomic stability calculating.
Authors: Евенко Владимир , Evenko Vladimir , Шаховская Анна , Shakhovskaya Anna
Published: December 2016

The methodology of sites ergonomic stability calculating is shown. The system of measuring characteristics that influence on the index based on points is elaborated. The necessity of calculating this index in order to improve it to make dealing with partners and clients easier is proved.
Prerequisites for the foundation and formation of machine-building cluster Bryansk region.
Authors: Сканцев Виталий , Skantsev Vitaliy , Кулагина Наталья , Kulagina Natalya , Атаманова Ольга , Atamanova Olga
Published: December 2016

The prospects of creating the cluster approach as an innovative mechanism of dynamic development of the economy of the Bryansk region. The urgency of innovative-technological cluster in rail industry in order to create an innovative product and increase competitive advantages of the region.
Distance learning as an innovative factor for the development of education and the regional economy.
Authors: Таранов Александр , Taranov Aleksandr
Published: December 2016

Given the analytical characteristics, the sequence of organization and technologies introduction of system remote training in higher educational institutions as an innovation factor for the development of education and the regional economy.
The multipte-factor technogenic environmental pollution as risk factor of formation of cytogenetic violations at the population.
Authors: Корсаков Антон , Korsakov Anton
Published: December 2016

Possibility of application of micronuclear dough in a bukkal epithelium is considered when comparing chemical, radiation and combined radiochemical pollution of the environment. At the combined influence of a chemical and radiation factor by authors possible manifestation, both additive effects, and a sinergizm and inhibition is revealed. The conclusion is drawn that cytogenetic characteristics of a bukkal epithelium can be used as "the biological dosimeter" total level of environmental pollution.
Technique of algorithmic approach when training in graphic disciplines.
Authors: Афонина Елена , Afonina Elena
Published: December 2016

Advantages and shortcomings of algorithmic approach are considered at the solution of problems of descriptive geometry and engineering graphics. application of algorithmic approach when studying one of subjects of engineering graphics – "projective drawing" is analyzed. some recommendations about improvement of quality of training of specialists on the basis of experience of "descriptive geometry and graphics" chair of bgtu are provided
A dynamic analysis methods of co-lifting by two cranes.
Authors: Гончаров Кирилл , Goncharov Kirill , Сидоров Никита , Sidorov Nikita
Published: December 2016

The algorithms of dynamic analysis methods of co-lifting by two cranes are described. The methods for applying typical cranes and lift cases are demonstrated.
Research work zones manipulation robots based on the analysis of inertia parameters.
Authors: Крахмалев Олег , Krakhmalev Oleg , Петрешин Дмитрий , Petreshin Dmitriy
Published: December 2016

Is proposed optimization motion manipulation robots in the space of generalized coordinates based on the analysis of the inertial properties of robots.
The improving of efficiency for using fuel gas power potential when turboexpander units are installed before the burners of the rotary kilns.
Authors: Стребков Александр , Strebkov Aleksandr , Осипов Александр , Osipov Aleksandr , Жавроцкий Станислав , Zhavrotskiy Stanislav
Published: December 2016

The ability for using of fuel gas power potential is reviewed in two-stage scheme of his pressure decrease. The first stage is in the Gas Distributing Station (GDS) and the second is in Gas Regulating Unit of the rotary kilns. The main working characteristics are received for turboexpander units in the second stage when they work on the variable rotation frequencies with ability of drive the blower units. It is shown using of fuel gas power potential in second stage of his pressure decrease brings weighty power growth. It is established that it is impossible to refuse using the throttle regulator valve before the turboexpander unit in the first stage of gas pressure reduce in GDS for change the pressure in the intermediate gas pipeline.
Algorithm for diagnosis the state of CNC lathes.
Authors: Петрешин Дмитрий , Petreshin Dmitriy , Федонин Олег , Fedonin Oleg , Агеенко Алексей , Ageenko Aleksey
Published: December 2016

An algorithm of diagnosing the state of CNC lathes that enables the diagnosis of the system to detect and compensate for static and dynamic components of the contour error path of the executive bodies.
Development of an automated humidity control in the drying box based devices by «OWEN».
Authors: Хандожко Виктор , Khandozhko Viktor , Федонин Олег , Fedonin Oleg , Матлахов Виталий , Matlakhov Vitaliy
Published: December 2016

The automated system drying control of humidity in the drying box was considered in article. The educational stand humidity control in the drying box is designed based on the devices of "OWEN" used in automated manufacturing environment was presented.
Algorithm for traffic management within a corporate portal.
Authors: Рытов Михаил , Rytov Mikhail , Мегаев Кирилл , Megaev Kirill
Published: December 2016

In this article an algorithm for analysis of the technical capabilities of the information exchange based on stochastic network apparatus, characterized in that it enables not only finding the aver-age values of the characteristics, but also their distribution point higher order. Staging also comes from sources Cove accounting errors, faults and failures in elements of corporate portals, covered by a particular protocol, which are described more complex than the binomial and Poisson probability distributions.
The analysis of ways of management development of Russia’s housing and utilities infrastructure on the ground of assessment its condition.
Authors: Евенко Владимир , Evenko Vladimir , Зевако Анна , Zevako Anna
Published: December 2016

The problems of housing and utilities infrastructure in Russia are listed. Outcomes of ineffective management are shown. The necessity of the introduction in Russian educational programs for managers of housing sector is proved. Manager’s qualities to create a positive business reputation are listed. The model of the assessment of the intellectual potential of managers of the management companies and the associations of owners was proposed
Role of territory in bryansk technical progress.
Authors: Федькина Наталья , Fedkina Natalya , Захарова Людмила , Zakharova Lyudmila
Published: December 2016

Considered the formation of industry in the Bryansk district from the XVIII century. The role Bryanschi-us and its impact on the development of technical progress in Russia. Rated value of technical training in vocational institutions of the Bryansk region.
Childhood constipation: recognition, management and the role of the nurse
Authors: Bruce James Schuster , Bruce Catherine Schuster , Short Hayley , Paul Siba Prosad
Published: December 2016

Constipation is a common childhood condition that health professionals will encounter in many different settings. The majority of these cases of childhood constipation are idiopathic in nature. It is considered to exhibit the ‘tip of the iceberg’ phenomenon as a large number of cases remain undetected due to under-recognition by families, embarrassment regarding the condition, fear of receiving a negative response from health professionals, or parental belief there is actually something more seriously wrong and failure to accept the diagnosis. Prompt evaluation and management is likely to be associated with better outcomes. To ensure this, fast recognition of symptoms, with care taken to exclude any ‘red flag’ symptoms that could indicate an organic cause and subsequently a different treatment pathway, is essential. Nurses, given their regular contact with families in different settings, are suitably placed to detect these symptoms early and can play a vital role in successful management of the condition. Laxatives are the first line in management of constipation. Polyethylene glycol 3350 is the laxative that evidence-based guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2010) recommend as the initial pharmacological management. Advice should also be given about supportive measures, including diet and lifestyle changes.
Using health psychology techniques to manage chronic physical symptoms
Authors: Barley Elizabeth , Lawson Victoria
Published: December 2016

Chest pain and palpitations, non-malignant pain, breathlessness and fatigue often endure despite the receipt of appropriate nursing and medical care. This is distressing for patients, impacts on their quality of life and ability to function and is associated with high healthcare usage and costs. The cognitive behavioural approach offers nurses a model to understand how people's perceptions and beliefs and their emotional, behavioural and physiological reactions are linked. Common ‘thinking errors’ which can exacerbate symptom severity and impact are highlighted. Understanding of this model may help nurses to help patients cope better with their symptoms by helping them to come up with alternative more helpful beliefs and practices. Many Improving Access to Psychological Therapy services offer support to people with chronic physical symptoms and nurses are encouraged to sign post patients to them.
Setting staffing levels: what to consider
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: December 2016

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse at Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, was invited to a round table discussion to debate the role of the nursing associate. She continues to review available evidence to give an informed response
Convex stoma appliances: an audit of stoma care nurses
Authors: Perrin Angie
Published: December 2016

This article observes the complexities surrounding the use of convex appliances within the specialist sphere of stoma care. It highlights some of the results taken from a small audit carried out with 24 stoma care nurses examining the general use of convex appliances and how usage of convex products has evolved, along with specialist stoma care practice.