bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Characterization of the Railroad Valley Playa Test Site Using the DESIS Imaging Spectrometer from the Space Station Orbit
Authors: Tahersima Mohammad H. , Thome Kurtis , Wenny Brian N. , Lampkin Derrick , Voskanian Norvik , Kay Sarah Eftekharzadeh , Yarahmadi Mehran
Published: January 2025

The reflectance-based vicarious calibration approach uses measurements at well-understood test sites to provide top-of-atmosphere reference reflectance values suitable for inter-calibration approaches and does not require coincident views. The challenge is that results from such data may suffer from high variability from day to day. Data from high-quality sensors, such as the imaging spectrometers on the International Space Station (ISS) platform, provide an opportunity to use improved fine spectral information about the test sites with various sun/sensor geometries and site surface and atmospheric conditions to improve the test sites’ characterization. The results here are based on data from the DLR Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer (DESIS) instrument installed on the ISS since 2018 combined with output from the Radiometric Calibration Network (RadCalNet) site at Railroad Valley Playa (RRV) to decouple the effects of sun/sensor geometry from the RadCalNet predictions. The approach here uses the precessing orbit of the ISS to allow similar sensor view zenith angles at varying sun angles over short periods that limit the impact of any sensor changes and highlight the bi-directional effects of the surface reflectance and atmospheric conditions. DESIS data collected at (i) similar solar angles but varying view angles, (ii) similar sensor angles and varying solar angles, and (iii) similar scatter angles are compared. The DESIS results indicate that the top-of-atmosphere reflectance spectra for RRV at similar solar zenith angles but with varying sensor viewing angles provide more consistent data than those with varying solar zenith but with similar sensor viewing angles. In addition, comparisons of reflectance spectra of the site performed in terms of the sensor view scatter angle show good agreement, indicating that a directional reflectance correction would be straightforward and could offer a significant improvement in the use of RadCalNet data. The work shows that observations from imaging spectroscopy data from DESIS, and eventually Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT), Surface Biology and Geology (SBG), and the climate-quality sensor CLARREO Pathfinder (CPF), provide the opportunity for the development of a model-based, SI-traceable prediction of at-sensor radiance over the RRV site that would serve as the basis for similar site characterizations with error budgets valid for arbitrary view and illumination angles.
Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit Neural Network for Fault Diagnosis and Rapid Maintenance in Medium-Voltage Direct Current Systems
Authors: Lee Bohyung , Kim Yeseul , Lee Hyunyong , Kang Changmook
Published: January 2025

With the growing penetration of renewable energy sources, ensuring the stability and reliability of Medium-Voltage Direct Current (MVDC) systems has become more critical than ever. A single fault in MVDC systems can cause significant disturbances, necessitating rapid and precise diagnostics to prevent equipment damage and maintain continuous power supply. In this work, we present a Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU) model that both classifies and locates MVDC faults. By capturing the temporal behavior of voltage signals, the Bi-GRU framework surpasses traditional algorithms such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) networks. Furthermore, the proposed approach addresses multiple fault scenarios including PTP (Pole-to-Pole), PPTG (Positive Pole-to-Ground), and NPTG (Negative Pole-to-Ground) while preserving real-time diagnostic capabilities. In extensive tests, our model achieves an overall accuracy of 95.54% and an average fault detection time below 1.3 ms, meeting real-world operational requirements. To assess robustness, sensor noise was artificially introduced to emulate realistic conditions. Despite these challenging inputs, our method consistently maintained high diagnostic accuracy, confirming its practicality and reliability. Consequently, the proposed scheme demonstrates a significant contribution toward improving the safety and dependability of MVDC systems, even under noisy conditions.
Wind Turbine Blade Fault Detection Method Based on TROA-SVM
Authors: Lei Zhuo , Lin Haijun , Tang Xudong , Xiong Yong , Wen He
Published: January 2025

Wind turbines are predominantly situated in remote, high-altitude regions, where they face a myriad of harsh environmental conditions. Factors such as high humidity, strong gusts, lightning strikes, and heavy snowfall significantly increase the vulnerability of turbine blades to fatigue damage. This susceptibility poses serious risks to the normal operation and longevity of the turbines, necessitating effective monitoring and maintenance strategies. In response to these challenges, this paper proposes a novel fault detection method specifically designed for analyzing wind turbine blade noise signals. This method integrates the Tyrannosaurus Optimization Algorithm (TROA) with a support vector machine (SVM), aiming to enhance the accuracy and reliability of fault detection. The process begins with the careful preprocessing of raw noise signals collected from wind turbines during actual operational conditions. The method extracts vital features from three key perspectives: the time domain, frequency domain, and cepstral domain. By constructing a comprehensive feature matrix that encapsulates multi-dimensional characteristics, the approach ensures that all relevant information is captured. Rigorous analysis and feature selection are subsequently conducted to eliminate redundant data, thereby focusing on retaining the most significant features for classification. A TROA-SVM classification model is then developed to effectively identify the faults of the turbine blades. The performance of this method is validated through extensive experiments, which indicate that the recognition accuracy rate is 98.7%. This accuracy is higher than that of the traditional methods, such as SVM, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and random forest, demonstrating the proposed method’s superiority and effectiveness.
Employee Sustainability: How Green Practices Drive Employee Well-Being and Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Wang Yi , Ummar Rakhshan , Qureshi Tahir Masood , Ul Haq Junaid , Bonn Mark A.
Published: January 2025

Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) has emerged as a critical study area, particularly because of its implications for employee well-being and citizenship behavior. This research aims to unravel the intricate relationships between GHRM practices, employee motivation, sustainability, well-being, and citizenship behavior within the hotel industry. Employing Ability–Motivation–Opportunity (AMO) theory as a foundational framework, a comprehensive model is developed and tested with data collected from four hundred ten hotel employees. Utilizing a cross-sectional methodology and employing the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique for hypothesis testing, this study reveals a substantial positive impact of GHRM on employee motivation, sustainability, well-being, and citizenship behavior. The findings of this research carry significant practical implications for the hotel industry, urging investment in GHRM practices. The investment can enhance employees’ understanding of the hotel’s green management initiatives, fostering motivation and encouraging proactive involvement in environmental protection and resource conservation. This study emphasizes the need for the hotel industry within the hospitality sector to prioritize the adoption of green HRM, highlighting its potential to elevate employee engagement and contribute to the sustainability of environmentally conscious practices. Furthermore, this paper recommends that the hotel industry reinforce sustainable practices among its workforce through training initiatives and environmental awareness seminars.
Impact of Traffic Park Use on Children’s Traffic Rule Awareness and Behavioral Intentions: Case Study in Toyohashi City
Authors: Chakma Mital , Matsuo Kojiro , Sugiki Nao
Published: January 2025

To ensure children’s safe independent mobility on the road, they need to learn basic traffic rules. In this case, traffic rule education in a realistic environment through a play-way method can be a significant learning strategy. This research focuses on the “Traffic Park (TP)”, which provides that opportunity. Specifically, this research examined how elementary school children’s knowledge of traffic rules and behavioral intentions are influenced by their experiences of using and playing in a TP before and after they start school. Children from four different elementary schools (grades 1~6) were surveyed in Toyohashi City, Japan using a web-based questionnaire survey. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to analyze the effect of TP use experience on children’s awareness of traffic rules and behavioral intentions. Three distinct SEM models were tested to measure the effect pattern of children’s TP use experience on their traffic rule awareness and behavioral intentions. The results show that TP use experience before entering school has a statistically significant effect on children’s traffic rule awareness (β = 0.16, p < 0.004; model 1) and behavioral intention improvement (β = 0.09, p < 0.07; model 2). However, TP use experience after entering school was found to have no significant effect. Finally, children’s TP use experience indirectly improves their behavioral intentions (β = 0.74, p < 0.001; model 3) by improving their awareness of traffic rules. Overall, the findings of this study highlight the contribution of TPs in promoting children’s safe independent mobility and fostering the development of sustainable child-friendly cities worldwide.
Circular Economy Practices in Fashion Design Education: The First Phase of a Case Study
Authors: Moreira Sofia , Felgueiras Helena P. , Marques António Dinis
Published: January 2025

With the growing significance of the circular economy (CE) agenda in the fashion industry and, consequently, in fashion design education, this work introduces the initial phase of a case study that aims to ascertain whether CE principles and sustainability are part of the curriculum and pedagogical approaches employed by educators in the Fashion Design Technician course (FDTC) (level 4, National Qualifications Framework—QNQ, and European Qualifications Framework—EQF). Additionally, it seeks to identify the methodologies, strategies, and educational activities used to address these themes. This research outlines the review of documentary sources that facilitated the definition of the study’s object and sample and describes the implementation of a questionnaire survey to forty educators teaching this course across various disciplines encompassing the three training components (sociocultural, scientific, and technological) in fifteen out of the sixteen Portuguese vocational schools, during the academic year 2023/24. This phase of the case study has led to the conclusion that while the technical course curriculum may not extensively cover CE and sustainability, these topics are integral components of most pedagogical practices among the surveyed teachers. The methodologies, strategies, and activities employed display a strong commitment to fostering sustainable practices, predominantly nurturing environmental awareness among students.
What Makes the Route More Traveled? Optimizing U.S. Suburban Microtransit for Sustainable Mobility
Authors: Pan Alexandra Q. , Shaheen Susan
Published: January 2025

Microtransit services that provide pooled on-demand transportation with dynamic routing have been used in low-density areas since the 1970s, but improvements to routing technology have led to a resurgence of interest in the past decade. Questions remain about the effectiveness of microtransit to serve riders in low-density, car-dependent suburban areas. Better understanding of the factors underlying microtransit ridership can improve usage of these services and shift travelers to more sustainable modes in suburban areas. We compile a database of suburban microtransit programs from 32 public transit agencies in the U.S. to study internal factors (e.g., operating hours, service area) and external factors (e.g., population density, vehicle ownership) impacting ridership using a random effects model. We find that internal agency factors have a greater effect on microtransit ridership than external factors. The most impactful factor is operating a point deviation service, where vehicles have scheduled stops at one or more checkpoints within the service area (e.g., transit center or shopping center), rather than zone-based services, where vehicles pick up and drop off passengers at any time within a service area. There is high potential to convert some zone-based services to point deviation services; 52% of zone-based service areas contain a transit center that could be used as a checkpoint. For the remaining zone-based service areas, maximizing ridership may not be feasible, and using ridership as an evaluation metric can be misleading. Instead, metrics that capture the accessibility, safety, or customer satisfaction impacts of microtransit may be more appropriate for these services.
Future Risk from Current Sustainability Assessment Frameworks for the Resource Sector
Authors: Byrne Marcus Jerome , John Michele , Biswas Wahidul
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a comprehensive sustainability assessment framework integrating Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) with Scenario Planning and Sensitivity Analysis, using the alumina industry as a case study. Current sustainability frameworks often focus narrowly on carbon emissions, neglecting broader environmental and social impacts, such as biodiversity loss, land rehabilitation, and social equity. By combining LCSA with forward-looking Scenario Planning, the proposed framework provides a multi-dimensional assessment, enabling industries to anticipate future challenges and adapt to technological, regulatory, and market changes. The analysis of Australia’s alumina production under Net-Zero and Accelerated Net-Zero scenarios demonstrates significant decarbonisation potential, achieving up to 97% emission reductions while improving energy efficiency by 50%. Despite these advances, indicators like biodiversity preservation and social equity remain insufficiently addressed, underscoring the need for a more holistic, industry-specific approach. Future research directions include improving measurement methods for ecological and social indicators, exploring policy mechanisms to enhance adoption, and establishing partnerships with international bodies like the Aluminium Stewardship Initiative to ensure global adaptability. The increasing adoption of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) methodologies highlights the need for comprehensive impact management and higher standards of governance. Although the proposed framework has notable strengths, its reliance on region-specific quantifiable indicators and simplified models limits its global adaptability. The proposed framework advocates for a mandatory, independent regulatory mechanism to drive balanced, transparent reporting, supporting industries in achieving transformative sustainability outcomes.
Short-Wave Infrared Spectroscopy for On-Site Discrimination of Hazardous Mineral Fibers Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Bonifazi Giuseppe , Bellagamba Sergio , Capobianco Giuseppe , Gasbarrone Riccardo , Lonigro Ivano , Malinconico Sergio , Paglietti Federica , Serranti Silvia
Published: January 2025

Asbestos fibers are well-known carcinogens, and their rapid detection is critical for ensuring safety, protecting public health, and promoting environmental sustainability. In this work, short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy, combined with machine learning (ML), was evaluated as an environmentally friendly analytical approach for simultaneously distinguishing the asbestos type, asbestos-containing materials in various forms, asbestos-contaminated/-uncontaminated soil, and asbestos-contaminated/-uncontaminated cement, simultaneously. This approach offers a noninvasive and efficient alternative to traditional laboratory methods, aligning with sustainable practices by reducing hazardous waste generation and enabling in situ testing. Different chemometrics techniques were applied to discriminate the material classes. In more detail, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), principal component analysis-based discriminant analysis (PCA-DA), principal component analysis-based K-nearest neighbors classification (PCA-KNN), classification and regression trees (CART), and error-correcting output-coding support vector machine (ECOC SVM) classifiers were tested. The tested classifiers showed different performances in discriminating between the analyzed samples. CART and ECOC SVM performed best (RecallM and AccuracyM  equal to 1.00), followed by PCA-KNN (RecallM of 0.98–1.00 and AccuracyM  equal to 1.00). Poorer performances were obtained by PLS-DA (RecallM of 0.68–0.72 and AccuracyM equal to 0.95) and PCA-DA (RecallM of 0.66–0.70 and AccuracyM equal to 0.95). This research aligns with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), by enhancing human health protection through advanced asbestos detection methods, and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), by promoting sustainable, low-waste testing methodologies.
Bayesian-Based Standard Values of Effective Friction Angle for Clayey Strata
Authors: Chen Ningfeng , Fang Kai , Liu Nianwu , Wang Yanru
Published: January 2025

In this study, a methodology using probabilistic distribution techniques to determine the parameters of the soil’s effective internal friction angle (φ’) was proposed. The method was grounded in quantitative survey information extracted from geotechnical reports. Extensive equivalent samples were estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations and probability density functions (PDFs). The effective internal friction angle (φ’) of silty clay layers was probabilistically characterized using the plasticity index (PI), in situ static cone penetration test (qc), and standard penetration test (NSPT). A systematic quantitative analysis integrated prior information from different sources was systematically integrated with sampling data. By establishing a Bayesian framework that incorporated the regression relationship and uncertainties associated with the effective internal friction angle (φ’), the model ensured balance and symmetry in the treatment of prior information and observed data. The model was then transformed into equivalent sample values based on three models, reflecting the symmetrical consideration of different data sources. Further considerations involved correcting the three different analysis methods. A comparison of equivalent sample values with the mean values of the sampling data, along with the parameter optimization updates, was performed by combining the three models. Using three sets of sampling data, a linear relationship model for the new soil parameters was derived. The analysis results demonstrated that the proposed method could obtain equivalent samples for the effective internal friction angle.
The Impact of Digital Transformation on Organizational Resilience: The Role of Innovation Capability and Agile Response
Authors: Zhang Jingyi , Li Hanxi , Zhao Hong
Published: January 2025

In the face of a VUCA environment, organizational resilience has become a critical factor in sustaining enterprise performance. This study explores how digital transformation influences organizational resilience through its impact on the key components of organizational systems, specifically innovation capability and agile response. Using data from Chinese A-share listed firms over the period 2007–2023, the study finds that digital transformation significantly enhances organizational resilience, with robust results across various tests. The analysis highlights that digital transformation strengthens resilience by optimizing innovation capability and improving agility within organizational systems. Heterogeneity tests reveal that these effects are particularly strong in firms located in eastern and central regions, operating in capital-intensive industries, and at growth or maturity stages. These findings underscore the systemic role of digital transformation in building adaptive, resilient organizations that can better navigate uncertainty and complexity. This study contributes to understanding the dynamic interplay between digital technologies and organizational systems, offering practical insights for enterprises aiming to leverage digital transformation for sustainable growth and high-quality economic development.
Tea Polyphenols Relieve the Fluoride-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cell Model
Authors: Xie Chunyan , Niu Shuyi , Tian Wen
Published: January 2025

Prolonged excessive intake of fluoride (F) can result in fluorosis, leading to a range of tissue oxidative damages. Therefore, mitigating the oxidative stress induced by fluorosis has become a significant research concern. Consequently, how to relieve oxidative stress caused by fluorosis is an urgent matter. In the present study, intestinal porcine epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells were chosen to explore the underlying mechanism of tea polyphenols (TPs) on F-induced oxidative stress. The results show that the cytotoxicity of IPEC-J2 cells induced by F presented a dose-dependent manner according to cell viability. Additionally, F treatment inhibited the activity of T-SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px as well as their transcription levels, increased the reactive oxygen (ROS) formation and cell damage rates, and then promoted cell apoptosis through the results of TUNEL and mitochondrial membrane potential detection when compared with the IPEC-J2 cells from the control group. As the main antioxidant ingredient in tea, TPs alleviated F-induced cell oxidation and apoptosis via blocking F-induced ROS generation and LDH’s release, as well as promoting the transcription of tight junction (TJ) proteins and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in IPEC-J2 cells. These results provide a new treatment strategy for F-induced intestinal oxidative impairment.
Comparison of AccuPower Diarrhea V1&V2 RT-PCR to a Chromatographic Immunoassay for Detecting Viral Pathogens from Human Diarrheal Stool Specimens
Authors: Katic Luka , Mihaljevic Boris , Pirija Marijo , Goic-Barisic Ivana , Tonkic Marija , Novak Anita
Published: January 2025

Viruses are a frequent cause of self-limited diarrhea, with more severe outcomes in immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to compare the performance of Real-Time RT-PCR to chromatographic immunoassays (CIAs) for detecting the major gastrointestinal viruses in human stool. This study was conducted at the University Hospital of Split, Croatia, from October 2023 to May 2024. Stool samples were simultaneously analyzed with CIA (Acro Biotech Rotavirus and Adenovirus Combo Rapid Test Cassette, USA and JusChek Norovirus Rapid Test Cassette, China) and Real-Time RT-PCR (AccuPower Diarrhea V1&V2 Real-Time RT-PCR, Bioneer, Republic of Korea), according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Positive percent agreement (PPA), negative percent agreement (NPA), and overall percent agreement (OPA) were calculated. For norovirus, CIA had a low PPA (25%), indicating that it missed 75% of norovirus-positive cases identified by RT-PCR. Adenovirus detection by CIA showed poor agreement with RT-PCR (PPA 0%; NPA 100%). Rotavirus detection presented a relatively better performance with CIA (PPA 90.9% and OPA 84.13%). However, the presence of false positives (15.8%) highlights the need for confirmatory RT-PCR testing. One specimen was sapovirus-RT-PCR-positive, marking the first documented case from human specimens in Croatia. Although CIA provided rapid results, limitations regarding reliability highlight the value of RT-PCR, particularly in the case of ambiguous clinical cases with negative antigenic test results and newly emerged viruses. A two-step diagnostic approach, with initial CIA screening followed by confirmatory RT-PCR, could balance cost-effectiveness with diagnostic accuracy.
Ad6-Based GM-CSF Expressing Vector Displays Oncolytic and Immunostimulatory Effects in an Immunocompetent Syrian Hamster Model of Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zabelina Daria S. , Osipov Ivan D. , Maslov Denis E. , Kovner Anna V. , Vasikhovskaia Valeriia A. , Demina Diana S. , Romanov Stanislav E. , Shishkina Ekaterina V. , Davydova Julia , Netesov Sergey V. , Romanenko Margarita V.
Published: January 2025

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), the second most common liver cancer, remains highly resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, leaving patients with unresectable tumors in urgent need of innovative therapeutic approaches. Adenovirus type 6 (Ad6), a species C human adenovirus, offers significant potential for cancer therapy due to its low seroprevalence compared to Adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) and its ability to evade Kupffer cells during systemic delivery. In this study, we developed a novel oncolytic adenovirus vector based on the Ad6 engineered to express human GM-CSF (Ad6-d24-GM) and evaluated its therapeutic efficacy in a novel immunocompetent, replication-permissive Syrian hamster model of CCA. Intratumoral administration of Ad6-d24-GM significantly suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival without evidence of toxicity, as indicated by stable body weights and normal liver enzyme levels. Both Ad6-d24-GM and wild-type Ad6 induced robust infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as CD68+ macrophages within tumors, demonstrating activation of antitumor immunity. Notably, the Ad6-d24-GM group exhibited a statistically significant increase in CD68+ cells compared to wild-type Ad6, highlighting the immunomodulatory effect of GM-CSF transgene. These results demonstrate the oncolytic and immunostimulatory potential of Ad6-based vectors for CCA treatment and validate the Syrian hamster syngeneic CCA-OF model as a valuable platform for studying oncolytic adenovirus therapies.
A Phase II Study of Denileukin Diftitox in Patients with Advanced Treatment Refractory Breast Cancer
Authors: Gwin William R. , Salazar Lupe G. , Dai James Y. , Higgins Doreen , Coveler Andrew L. , Childs Jennifer S. , Blancas Rosie , Dang Yushe , Reichow Jessica , Slota Meredith , Lu Hailing , Disis Mary L.
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Regulatory T cells (Treg) suppress immunity in the tumor microenvironment, are linked to poor prognosis across breast cancer subtypes, and suppress the cytolytic function of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Denileukin diftitox, a diphtheria toxin (DT)/IL-2 fusion protein, targets and depletes Tregs. This Phase II study aimed to assess the safety of denileukin diftitox and its effect on Tregs and tumor growth in patients with advanced breast cancer. Methods: This single-arm Phase II study of denileukin diftitox enrolled patients with refractory stage IV breast cancer. Patients received denileukin diftitox 18 mcg/kg/day IV for Days 1–5 every 21 days for up to six cycles. Toxicity was assessed using CTCAE v3.0 and tumor response was evaluated per RECIST criteria. Blood samples were collected to analyze Tregs by flow cytometry and anti-DT antibodies by ELISA. Results: Fifteen patients with stage IV breast cancer were enrolled. Four patients completed all planned denileukin diftitox infusions and achieved stable disease (27%, 95% CI [0.08, 0.55]). Two patients (13%) discontinued due to toxicity, and nine patients (60%) discontinued due to progressive disease. Eleven patients experienced at least one grade 3 or 4 adverse event. Although there was a general reduction in peripheral blood Tregs, the difference in CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Tregs levels post-treatment was not statistically significant (p = 0.10). Six patients (40%) achieved ≥25% reductions in Tregs. A significant increase in anti-DT IgG antibodies was observed post-treatment (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Denileukin diftitox demonstrated moderate toxicity in this advanced breast cancer cohort. Denileukin diftitox modulated regulatory T cells. However, the majority of patients experienced disease progression in the study.
Skin Barrier in Normal and Allergic Horses: What Do We Know?
Authors: Marsella Rosanna
Published: January 2025

Information on skin barrier in horses is limited. A study on the epidermal ultrastructure of normal and allergic horses documented disorganized amorphous intercellular lipids in the stratum corneum of allergic samples. These findings are similar to atopic canine and human skin. Currently, there is no published study comparing skin barrier function parameters between normal and allergic horses; thus, the functional implications of the ultrastructural changes are unknown. In normal horses, body location, gender, breed, and ambient conditions affect skin barrier parameters, such as Transepidermal Water Loss. Skin microbiome studies on normal horses have highlighted the importance of season and environmental conditions, since horses housed together share similar microbiomes. Skin dysbiosis and predominance of staphylococcus have been described in horses with pastern dermatitis. Transcriptomic studies of the epidermis of normal and allergic horses have found that lesional allergic skin has substantial transcriptomic differences when compared with healthy skin, namely downregulation of genes of tight junctions, keratins, and upregulation of serine proteases and IL-13. Keratinocytes harvested from horses with insect bite hypersensitivity show upregulation of IL-31 gene expression under stimulation. While more research is clearly needed, preliminary results seem to support skin barrier differences between normal and allergic horses.
Developing a Simple Electricity Consumption Prediction Formula for the Pre-Introduction Prediction for Electric Buses
Authors: Fang Yiyuan , Yang Wei-hsiang , Ihara Yuto , Kamiya Yushi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to develop a theoretical formula to help bus operators easily predict electricity consumption while introducing a certain type of electric bus on a predetermined route. The formula requires vehicle-side information (such as air resistance coefficient, rolling resistance coefficient, vehicle weight, powertrain efficiency, kinetic energy recovery rate, auxiliary equipment electricity consumption, and other vehicle-related data) for construction and road-/operation-side information (such as average driving speed, number of starts and stops, road gradients, and other road-/operation-related data) for prediction. First, herein, as a basic study to construct the theoretical formula, a developed electric bus and its vehicle electricity consumption simulator are employed. We then perform a comparative analysis considering the comparison of loss between the actual operation on public roads and the assumed constant velocity when running on flat roads. Next, we develop theoretical equations for the generalization of velocity and gradient changes and simplified modeling of electricity consumption prediction. Considering the burden of information collection on operators, we categorize it into three stages. In this paper, we first organize the minimum necessary road-/operation-side information (route/operational indicators). Next, we propose a theoretical formula for electricity consumption prediction constructed based on vehicle-side information. Finally, we validate the validity and accuracy of the constructed formula using electric buses and their on-road operational data that we developed earlier. The verification results showed that, after obtaining vehicle-side and road-/operation-side information, the theoretical formula constructed in this study achieved an electricity consumption prediction with an average error of 6% (high-accuracy method). This result demonstrates the practicality of using the theoretical formula to predict the electricity consumption/range of electric buses operating on specific routes.
Efecto de un programa de estrategias metacognitivas sobre el pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes de primaria
Authors: Gambarini Vera Marilu , Diaz Torres Amparo , Juro Llamocca Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2025

El pensamiento crítico es una habilidad clave para el desarrollo personal y profesional, aunque a menudo no se fomenta ni se evalúa adecuadamente en los contextos educativos. Una estrategia para promoverlo es el uso de estrategias metacognitivas, que permiten regular y controlar el propio aprendizaje. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de un programa de estrategias metacognitivas sobre el pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes de primaria en una institución pública de Cusco. Se trató de una investigación cuantitativa, con diseño cuasi experimental, utilizando preprueba y posprueba en una muestra de 60 estudiantes. Los resultados indicaron que, con un nivel de significancia de 0,05, la prueba de U Mann-Whitney arrojó un p-valor < 0,05 entre la preprueba y la posprueba, lo que respalda la hipótesis alternativa. En conclusión, las estrategias metacognitivas mejoraron significativamente el pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes en la institución educativa pública de Perú
Identifying Research Priorities for Cognition in CKD
Authors: Alexiuk Jamie , Harasemiw Oksana , Vanderlinden Jessica , Verrelli Davide , Tarca Brett , Collister David , Ribeiro Heitor , Corradetti Bonnie , Fowler Kevin , Manfredini Fabio , McAdams-DeMarco Mara , Chu Nadia , Jesudason Shilpa , McKeaveney Clare , Leon Silvia J. , Anandh Urmila , Tollitt James , Thompson Stephanie , Dasgupta Indranil , Bohm Clara
Published: January 2025

Background:

Cognition is a research priority for people living with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but identification of critical research questions is lacking. This study aimed to determine which cognition-related research questions are most important to CKD stakeholders.

Methods:

A modified Delphi technique with 3 survey rounds was used. The study sample included 3 panels (People with lived CKD experience, Researchers, and Clinicians) recruited through international patient and kidney research networks, kidney societies, and snowball sampling with email invitations. Survey rounds were distributed electronically through REDCap. In Round 1 (October 2021-May 2022), respondents contributed three important research questions regarding cognition in CKD (free text). After deduplication and qualitative synthesis, respondents ranked the importance of these questions on a nine-point Likert scale in Round 2 (Feb-April 2023). Questions with mean and median ratings of >7 by at least two respondent panels or rated critically important by the ‘lived experience’ panel were re-ranked in Round 3 ( Aug-Sept 2023) and assessed for consensus to identify the final list of priority research questions.

Results:

Respondents (n=152) identified 125 and 44 discrete questions after Rounds 1 and 2, respectively. The final shortlist included 27 questions in 8 categories. The most critical research question identified was “What factors
prevent
cognitive impairment in people receiving dialysis?” Overall, respondents prioritized questions focusing on prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment. Scores between the panels were significantly different for 16 questions. Those with lived CKD experience prioritized quality of life, researchers emphasized developing interventions to mitigate cognitive impairment, and clinicians prioritized the effect of CKD treatment on cognitive impairment.

Conclusions:

Through an established consensus methodology involving key stakeholder groups, we identified 27 critical research questions about cognition in CKD. These questions should guide future study design and outcome selection.
Patrulha de Furtos e Roubos – análise da implementação no município de Francisco Beltrão/PR
Authors: Cintra Jonas Alexandre Sanches Correa
Published: January 2025

Nas médias e grandes cidades do Brasil os delitos de furtos e roubos são crimes que ocorrem com frequência, causando prejuízos patrimoniais e emocionais à população. Tendo isso em vista, no ano de 2017, foi estruturada uma patrulha policial-militar para atuar com enfoque no combate a esses crimes no município de Francisco Beltrão/PR. Dito isso, este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a legislação e índices criminais relacionados a esses delitos, tal como examinar a atuação dessa patrulha, descrevendo também as atividades por ela executadas. Este trabalho justifica-se por essa investigação trazer à tona características das ações desempenhadas, podendo assim, o custo-benefício da manutenção desse serviço ser mais bem avaliado. Para a elaboração desta obra, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, de estatísticas de registros de boletins de ocorrência no Estado do Paraná e no município de Francisco Beltrão e de informações repassadas pelos Policiais-Militares que atuam na função. Foi possível depreender que o trabalho executado pela referida Patrulha Policial-Militar está dentro do que prega a filosofia de Polícia Comunitária e que tem cumprido os objetivos a que se propõe.
A teoria liberal, o conservadorismo político e a dimensão do meio ambiente
Authors: Alfaro Filipe Garcia Gonçalves de
Published: January 2025

Políticos conservadores e progressistas vem se alternando no poder das principais democracias globais nos últimos 200 anos, contudo os conservadores amparados pela teoria econômica liberal parecem não ter grandes preocupações com o meio ambiente como os progressistas, o que origina um dilema acerca desta desconsideração tanto pelos estudiosos quanto por estes políticos. Este estudo busca entender o que ocasiona esta negação da dimensão ambiental a partir da revisitação dos estudos de liberais clássicos e modernos, assim como rememorar o debate ambiental do último século e posicionar o pensamento liberal e conservador dentro deste embate de ideias contemporâneo. Utilizar-se-á de uma metodologia dialética sobre as teorias liberais, além de uma reflexão histórica sobre a condução política dos dilemas ambientais nas últimas décadas, analisando os tratados e documentos que impactaram a visão popular sobre a preservação global. O estudo indica que a teoria liberal fundamentou a ignorância de players políticos acerca da dimensão ambiental a partir da desconsideração da própria em suas teorias econômicas.
Propuesta de conectividad territorial de corredores transandino, amazónico y altiplánico en el norte, centro y sur del Perú
Authors: Sandoval Jorge Lescano , Sena Lucía Emperatriz Valdéz , Lobo Manuel Rimarachin , Vidal Fernando César Acosta
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo aborda el paradigma de la conectividad territorial en el Perú desde una perspectiva rizomática, inspirada en la experiencia china y aplicada a contextos tan diversos como las cuencas transfronterizas y las distintas regiones del territorio nacional. A diferencia de los enfoques lineales y jerárquicos tradicionales, el criterio rizomático propone una estructura descentralizada, flexible y adaptativa, en la que múltiples nodos —puertos, ciudades, comunidades indígenas y áreas productivas— se articulan a través de corredores multimodales (viales, ferroviarios, fluviales, aéreos) que favorecen la resiliencia, la inclusión sociocultural y la sostenibilidad del desarrollo. En este marco, se analizan aspectos clave como la valorización de la conectividad territorial, que integra no solo factores económicos y funcionales, sino también la protección de la diversidad cultural y ecológica, el uso estratégico de tecnologías avanzadas y la redistribución equitativa de beneficios. Se destaca igualmente la importancia de las cuencas transfronterizas, cuyas aguas, al ingresar y salir del territorio, ilustran las interdependencias hídricas y la necesidad de cooperar con países vecinos para la gestión integral de los recursos. Así, la infraestructura moderna inspirada en el modelo chino —con autopistas inteligentes, ferrocarriles de alta velocidad, sistemas de monitoreo en tiempo real e ingeniería verde— ofrece una referencia para reforzar la conectividad interna y externa del Perú, fomentando la interacción entre la costa, la sierra y la Amazonía, así como la articulación con otras naciones.
QUESTION OF «COMPLEX LAW» IN JURISPRUDENCE
Authors: Volkov Y.V.
Published: January 2025

This paper attempts to substantiate the existence of complexity in law and the existence of complex branches of law (using information law as an example) for classification purposes. Complex branches of law are not opposed to other branches of law. Complexity is presented as a statistical feature that does not manifest itself arbitrarily, but only in the presence of a certain number of significant elements. The complexity of property rights is shown using materials from English-speaking authors. The complexity of information law is proven. A criterion of complexity for any branches of law is proposed. The materials can serve as a basis for further research and for the formation of topics in textbooks.
РАСПРОСТРАНЁННОСТЬ ВРОЖДЕННОГО ИХТИОЗА В АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ЗА 2017-2023 гг.
Authors: Махмудов Ф.Р. , Амирова И.А. , Мамедова В.А.
Published: January 2025

В статье представлена информация об исследованиях, проведенных с целью изучения распространенности врожденного ихтиоза (ВИ) в Азербайджанской Республике. Ретроспективное исследование проведено на основании документов пациентов, состоящих на учете в Республиканском дерматовенерологическом центре Азербайджана и Детском дерматовенерологическом диспансере №1 в 2017-2023 годах. По результатам статистического анализа пиковые случаи зафиксированы у 309 больных (67,47%) из 458 больных ранним BИ, зарегистрированных в 2021-2023 гг. Среди больных преобладали лица мужского пола – 363 пациента (79,26%), а среди детей и подростков в возрастной категории 2-12 лет – 133 (63,94%). полученные результаты определяет высокую социальную значимость данной проблемы и необходимость проведения достойного медицинского обследования и лечения пациентов с ВИ согласно современным стандартам в рамках государственной программы.

Məqalədə Azərbaycan Respublikasında anadangəlmə ixtiozun (Aİ) yayılmasını öyrənmək məqsədilə aparılmış tədqiqatı işi haqqında məlumat verilmişdir. Tədqiqat 2017-2023-cü illər ərzində Azərbaycan Respublikası Dəri-Zöhrəvi Mərkəzində və 1№-li Uşaq Dəri-Zöhrəvi Dispanserində qeydiyyatda olan xəstələrin sənədləri əsasında aparılmışdır. Statistik təhlilin nəticələrinə görə, 2021-2023-cü illərdə qeydiyyatda olan 458 erkən Aİ xəstəsindən 309 nəfərdə (67,47%) pik halları qeydə alınıb. Xəstələr arasında kişi cinsindən olanlar üstünlük təşkil etmişdir – 363 xəstə (79,26%) və 2-12 yaş kateqoriyasında uşaqlar və yeniyetmələr arasında yayılma tezliyi – 133 (63,94%) olmuşdur. Məqalədə müəlliflər bu problemin aradan qaldırılması və dövlət proqramı çərçivəsində Aİ xəstələrinin müasir standartlara uyğun tibbi müayinə və müalicəsinin zəruriliyini qeyd edirlər.

The article provides information on the research conducted to study the prevalence of congenital ichthyosis (CI) in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The retrospective study was conducted on the basis of the documents of patients registered at the Republic Dermatology-Venereal Center of Azerbaijan and Children's Dermatology-Venereal Dispensary №1 during 2017-2023. According to the results of the statistical analysis, peak cases were recorded in 309 patients (67.47%) out of 458 early AI patients registered in 2021-2023. Males predominated among the patients - 363 patients (79.26%), and the prevalence among children and adolescents in the 2-12 age category was 133 (63.94%). The authors emphasize the necessity of this issue and underline the importance of implementing modern diagnostic and treatment standards for CI patients within the framework of a state program.
A RARE CASE OF UNCLASSIFIED CARCINOMA OF THE LUNG: DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES
Authors: Fylenko B.M. , Royko N.V. , Starchenko I.I. , Starchenko O.V. , Horodynska O.Y. , Proskurnia S.A.
Published: January 2025

The article provides information about a case of pseudomesotheliomatous lung carcinoma, which was clinically undiagnosed but confirmed postmortem through immunohistochemical analysis during differential diagnosis. In the reported case, the diagnosis making was a challenge to physicians, and, therefore, this case deserves attention from surgeons, oncologists and pathologists. Pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma of the lung is a rare malignant lung tumor, but it should always be kept in mind until the final diagnosis is made in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary disease involving the pleura, especially in the presence of pleural effusion. Nonetheless the poor prognosis and lack of effective treatment approaches, the study of this tumor will further improve the survival of patients and improve the differential diagnosis, since the diagnosis depends mainly on its immunohistochemical verification.

Məqalədə sağ ikən klinik diaqnozu qoyulmayan, yalnız ölümündən sonrakı diferensial diaqnostika prosesində immunohistokimyəvi analiz vasitəsilə diaqnozu dəqiqləşdirilən ağciyərin psevdomezotetiomatoz karsinoması xəstəsi haqqında məlumat verilmişdir. Bu xəstəlik diaqnostikasının çətinliyinə görə cərrah, onkoloq və patoloqanatomlardan xüsusi diqqət tələb edilir. Psevdomezoteliomatoz ağciyər karsinoması nadir rast gəlinən şiş xəstəliyidir. Buna görə plevranın zədələnməsi ilə və xüsusən də plevrada ekssudat toplanması ilə müşayiət olunan xəstəliklər zamanı diferensial diaqnostika vasitəsilə xəstəyə diaqnoz qoyulduqda bu xəstəliyi də nəzərə almaq lazımdır. Bu xəstəliyin proqnozunun pis olmasına və effektiv müalicə metodunun olmamasına baxmayaraq, adı çəkilən şişin öyrənilməsi pasiyentlərin yaşama müddətinin artırmağa və diferensial diaqnostikanı yaxşılaşdırmağa imkan verə bilər. Nəzərə alınmalıdır ki, psevdomezotetiomatoz karsihomanın diaqnostikası əsasən şiş materialının immunohistokimyəvi analizindən asılıdır.

В статье сообщается о летальном случае клинически недиагностированной псевдомезотелиоматозной карциномы легкого, которая впоследствии была верифицирована посмертно в процессе дифференциальной диагностики с помощью иммуногистохимического анализа. В данном случае постановка диагноза представляла собой сложную задачу для врачей, поэтому этот случай заслуживает внимания хирургов, онкологов и патологоанатомов. Псевдомезотелиоматозная карцинома легкого является редкой злокачественной опухолью легкого, ее всегда следует иметь в виду до постановки окончательного диагноза при дифференциальной диагностике легочных заболеваний с поражением плевры, особенно при наличии плеврального выпота. Несмотря на плохой прогноз и отсутствие эффективных методов лечения, изучение этой опухоли позволит еще больше повысить выживаемость пациентов и улучшить дифференциальную диагностику, поскольку диагноз зависит в основном от ее иммуногистохимической верификации.