bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockchain in banking: a study on central bank digital currency
Authors: Samueal Samkutty , Singh Rupesh Roshan
Published: September 2023

The banking sector has been greatly impacted by the technological outburst of the twenty-first century. Bitcoin, the first crypto asset created on block chain technology, has firmly established itself in the financial sector since its introduction in 2009. The market capitalization of uncontrolled crypto assets has grown at an unprecedented rate, posing a threat to the banking industry and the economy. Illegal activities such as terrorist funding and money laundering find refuge in the unregulated world of crypto assets. To keep up with the demands of the computer-savvy Generation Next, banks worldwide have adopted various technologies and improved their service standards. However, central banks continue to follow the traditional system of issuing hard currency bank notes, which do not match the aspirations of most end users. As a result, Central Banks worldwide are currently brainstorming the introduction of a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). This study aims to explore the theoretical aspect, feasibility, and status of CBDC. Four Central Banks have already issued CBDC, while others are in the process of doing so. Block chain under Distributed Ledger Technology is the most suitable and widely accepted platform for issuing CBDC. Robust computer security measures must be established to prevent hacking and ensure monetary stability for CBDC. During the initial stages of CBDC implementation, hard currency banknotes and CBDC will run parallelly until any possible initial hiccups are resolved. CBDC has the potential to boost banking and finance, trade finance, and cross-border international settlements.
Study on consumer food preference and brand association in India: A socio-economic study
Authors: Sahoo Deepali Rani , Chauhan Megha
Published: September 2023

In both small and large cities of India, urbanization is observed, accompanied by significant developments across all industries, resulting in increased prosperity. The success of the food and beverage business is further fueled by the aspirations of the emerging middle class to emulate Western lifestyles and explore new culinary experiences (Bamberg 1997). A significant driver of this transformation is the shift from traditional joint families to nuclear families, leading to changes in dietary habits as people veer away from traditional meals. Manufacturers have sought to attract new customers and retain their existing market by strategically marketing their products (Bamberg, 2006). These dynamics necessitate an examination of consumer behavior in relation to specific food brands. The primary objective of this study is to assess how various socioeconomic factors influence consumer food preferences (Gabriel 2004). Specifically, the study aims to identify the food brands that residents of Delhi-NCR associate themselves with. Furthermore, the study investigates the relationship between brand association and consumer behavior, exploring how this connection influences consumer preferences, recommendations of a specific brand, acceptance of its extended product line, and willingness to pay a premium price.
Use of occlusal splint in subjects with TMJ disorders by general dental practitioners in Indian scenario
Authors: Verma Sneha , Garg Charu , Malathi H.
Published: September 2023

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) constitute a global health concern, giving rise to both physical and financial burdens, as evidenced by symptoms and indications indicative of masticatory muscle imbalances. These symptoms encompass manifestations associated with disorders of the masticatory muscles. Scant literature exists regarding the utilization of occlusal splints by general dentists for addressing TMDs within the Indian context. Employing a cross-sectional questionnaire survey, the present study aimed to evaluate the application of occlusal splints in the treatment of temporomandibular issues by Indian dental practitioners. The inquiry involved the administration of a questionnaire designed to investigate the diagnosis, management, and treatment of TMDs by general dentists in India. Responses to the survey questions, provided by 314 general dental practitioners, were subjected to assessment and analysis through statistical methodologies. For practitioners with less than five years of experience, 77.63% (n=118) of participants reported no attendance at Certified Diabetes Educator (CDE) programs, whereas 14.47% (n=22) attended a single CDE session, and 7.89% (n=12) attended multiple CDE sessions related to TMDs. Among those practicing for five to ten years, 57.77% (n=52) did not participate in any TMD-related CDE programs, while 24.4% (n=22) attended one, and 17.7% (n=16) attended more than one. Among practitioners with over ten years of experience, 34.48% (n=20) did not attend any CDE, 24.13% (n=14) attended one, and 37.93% (n=22) attended multiple TMD-related CDE sessions. Diagnosis of TMDs was carried out by 64.33% (n=193) of participants using a combination of study models, imaging, patient history, and medical history. Among a total of 300 subjects, 64.6% (n=194) of participants responded affirmatively to the treatment of patients with TMDs. Hinge and mean value articulators were utilized in conjunction with soft materials for the fabrication of occlusal splints. The survey results suggest a paucity of knowledge among general dental practitioners regarding the application of occlusal splints in the treatment of TMDs.
Impact of acidic beverages on esthetic restorations concerning microhardness and color stability: a comparative assessment
Authors: Verma Sneha , Agarwal Abhinay , Jyothi R. Renuka
Published: September 2023

Recently, the focus has been placed on esthetic restorations by both clinicians and subjects. With the intake of acidic beverages popular these days, erosive wear of the esthetic restoration results in discoloration, raising a concern and affecting the cost. The objective of the current research was to assess how acidic drinks affected the microhardness and color stability of several esthetic restorative materials. 120 samples were split into three groups of 40 individuals. Each Group I had organically modified ceramics (ORMOCER), Group II had nanoceramics, and Group III had microhybrid composite restorations. The samples were made from the aluminum cylindrical mold of 5mm depth and 10mm diameter, followed by immersion in 25ml acidic beverages (Pepsi) for 10 minutes for 20 days. Microhardness was then assessed using a Vickers diamond intender for each sample on the 10th and 20th day. At baseline, mean hardness was 58.12±1.74, 60.06±0.36, and 63.22±0.44, respectively, for ormocer, nanoceramics, and microhybrid composite. It was seen that the microhardness was higher for the microhybrid composite. However, the difference was statistically non-significant between the three groups with p=0.864. Microhardness on the 10th day was highest for the microhybrid composite, followed by nanoceramics and ormocer (p= 0.001). However, on the 20th day, the difference was statistically non-significant between the three groups. The study, considering its limitations, concludes that the finest behavior and microhardness are associated with organically modified ceramics after immersion in acidic beverages. Nanoceramics showed the second-best behavior, and microhybrid composite resins were the least among the three.
Integrating evidence-based interventions in cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation guidelines
Authors: Ganapathy Kavina , Kesharwani Vipin , Alam Md Mazhar , Verma Sneha
Published: September 2023

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs play a crucial role in optimizing the functional capacity and quality of life of individuals with cardiac and respiratory conditions. These programs are guided by evidence-based interventions that have shown effectiveness in improving clinical outcomes and reducing the burden of disease. Patients with chronic diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) suffer a disproportionate share of healthcare costs, and many see a decline in their physical and mental abilities as a result. Breathlessness is the first sign of both COPD and cardiovascular disease. Rehabilitation programs (RP) symptoms and improving overall health are two of rehabilitation's demonstrated benefits. Management recommendations for COPD and CVD include participation in a PR and CR program. This study looks at similar evidence-based strategies in rehabilitation guidelines that aim to help patients with COPD and CVD feel less short of breath and better able to function physically and mentally. The results of the show that there was agreement in terms of program structure, setting, healthcare provider teams, pre- and post-program patient assessments, and educational content (with some exceptions related to disease-specific content). Evidence-based recommendations for CR and PR differ from rehabilitation guidelines most noticeably in their emphasis on nutritional screening, inspiratory muscle exercise, and psychological evaluations.
Understanding socialization in interprofessional practice: health science perspectives
Authors: Singh K. Vinod , US Upendra Sharma , Ramakant  , Kumar Nishant
Published: September 2023

According to a study of the research, there is a lack of understanding about how students see the professional obligations and functions of other professions. This research aimed to investigate how health professional students (HPS) perceived Inter professional socialization (IPS). Participants came from eight different health-related academic fields, including nursing, radiological science, occupational therapy, clinical lab science, social work, nutritional science, and physical therapy. In all, 300 undergraduate (UG) and 114 graduate students participated. The Interprofessional socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS-21) was used to gather the data. On a Likert scale with 1 being not at all and 7 being to a very large amount, the participants were asked to score 21 questions concerning their beliefs, practices, and perspectives towards IPS. To examine variations across the health fields, descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were used to analyze the information. According to a descriptive study, 95.2% of students believed IPS was happening to a rather considerable level, with a mean of 5.12 or higher on a scale from 1 to 7. The health fields didn't vary all that much from one another. The results indicate that pupils are prepared to comprehend one another's professional duties and obligations. There are several things to keep in mind for future Interprofessional collaborative activities even if there are no standardized educational methodologies to encourage student cooperation across disciplines.
Prawo, państwo i religia w Japonii
Authors: Kość Antoni
Published: September 2023

Rozważając relację prawa, państwa i religii w kulturze japońskiej, nie mamy problemu z podaniem definicji państwa czy prawa, lecz z pojęciem religii. Na pewno nie będzie żadnego problemu z podaniem definicji chrześcijaństwa. W historii tradycyjnej myśli japońskiej trudno jest jednak wyraźnie oddzielić filozofię od religii. Klasycznym przykładem jest shintoizm, który nie jest ani wyłącznie religią, ani wyłącznie filozofią. Oprócz shintoizmu w historii kultury japońskiej ważne znaczenie miał również konfucjanizm i buddyzm. Dlatego też po ich historycznym przedstawieniu i ukazaniu wpływu na życie społeczne i polityczne w artykule tym została ukazana relacja państwa i prawa do religii w Konstytucji Meiji (11 lutego 1890) i w obecnie obowiązującej Konstytucji Showa (3 maja 1947).
Problematyka klauzuli sumienia w polityce i prawie Meksykańskich Stanów Zjednoczonych
Authors: Bar Wiesław
Published: September 2023

Generalnie prawo Meksykańskich Stanów Zjednoczonych nie gwarantuje możliwości kierowania się własnym sumieniem w wielu sprawach, które z natury rzeczy mogą wywołać jego sprzeciw; zobowiązuje zaś często pod groźbą sankcji, pozbawienia pewnych uprawnień. Podstawą do restrykcyjnego nurtu są: art. 130 Konstytucji oraz art. l i 29 par. 2 Ustawy o stowarzyszeniach religijnych i kulcie publicznym (Ley de Asociaciones Religiosas y Culto Público), w których stwierdzono, że przekonania religijne w żadnym przypadku nie zwalniają od wypełnienia ustaw krajowych oraz że nikt nie będzie mógł wskazywać motywów religijnych, aby uwolnić się od odpowiedzialności i obowiązków przewidzianych w ustawach. Problem klauzuli sumienia pozostaje nierozwiązany. Zmiany, które nastąpiły w ostatnich latach w tej materii mają bardzo ograniczony zakres. Problematyka klauzuli sumienia jest częściej obecna w porządku praktyki prawniczej.
Skarga o stwierdzenie niezgodności z prawem prawomocnego wyroku
Authors: Hamerla Grażyna
Published: September 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza wybranych przepisów regulujących skargę o stwierdzenie niezgodności z prawem prawomocnego wyroku, wprowadzonych do postępowania cywilnego w związku z nowelizacją kodeksu cywilnego dotyczącą odpowiedzialności Skarbu Państwa za szkodę wyrządzoną działaniem niezgodnym z prawem przy wykonywaniu władzy publicznej. Autorka prezentuje poglądy dominujące w doktrynie i orzecznictwie określające cechę prawną skargi o stwierdzenie niezgodności z prawem prawomocnego wyroku, jej elementy konstrukcyjne, wykładnię zawartego w art. 4241 § 1 k. p. c. pojęcia " niezgodności z prawem". Wskazuje także instytucje przybliżające w porządku krajowym, instytucje wspólnotowe.
Adwokat kościelny w aktualnych przepisach prawa kanonicznego
Authors: Miziński Artur
Published: September 2023

Prawo do obrony stanowi jedno z najważniejszych uprawnień wiernych w kanonicznym procesie sądowym. Instytucją gwarantującą jego realizację jest instytucja adwokata kościelnego. Jest to znawca prawa, służący stronie radą i pouczeniem oraz występujący z jej obroną przed sądem pisemnie lub ustnie przez naprowadzanie faktów i przytaczanie przepisów prawnych. Szczególny wpływ na ukształtowanie się współczesnej definicji adwokata miało prawo rzymskie oraz instytucje powstałe w ramach jego funkcjonowania. Biorąc pod uwagę charakter relacji łączącej adwokata z trybunałem, można mówić o adwokatach stałych i prywatnych. W zależności zaś od rodzaju trybunału, wyróżnia się adwokatów w trybunałach niższej instancji, jak również adwokatów Stolicy Apostolskiej, czyli adwokatów Roty Rzymskiej, adwokatów w postępowaniu kanonizacyjnym oraz adwokatów Kurii Rzymskiej. Adwokaci Stolicy Świętej, jako odrębna grupa, zapewniają jej obronę zarówno na forum cywilnym, jak i kościelnym. Nowością w relacji do wcześniej obowiązującego kodeksu jest urząd adwokata stałego, funkcjonującego na mocy CIC/1983, can. 1490. Prawo powszechne (CIC/83, can. 1483) wymaga od kandydatów na stanowisko adwokata kościelnego: pełnoletniości, dobrego imienia, posiadania doktoratu lub wykazywania się skądinąd biegłością w prawie oraz zatwierdzenia biskupa, przy czym prawo partykularne może ustanowić wymagania dodatkowe. Rola adwokata kościelnego w procesie kanonicznym uwidacznia się wówczas, gdy wskaże się możliwości jego działań począwszy od etapu przedprocesowego, poprzez poszczególne fazy procesu - od chwili zawiązania sporu, aż do działań odwoławczych od wyroku sędziego, a także w nietypowym przebiegu instancji i sprawach wpadkowych. Podejmowane od 1949 r. próby regulacji kwestii współpracy adwokatów z trybunałami kościelnymi w Polsce wciąż czekają na swoje ostateczne prawne rozstrzygnięcie, które określiłoby zasady ich działalności, w sposób w miarę jednolity dla terenu podległego Konferencji Biskupów Polskich.
Stosunki obligatoryjne ze zwielokrotnionym elementem podmiotu
Authors: Petraniuk Juliusz
Published: September 2023

Stosunki zobowiązaniowe charakteryzujące się zwielokrotnieniami poszczególnych elementów znalazły swoje uregulowanie w polskim kodeksie cywilnym. Do najbardziej reprezentatywnych oprócz zobowiązań wzajemnych należą zobowiązania solidarne. Fakt występowania w ich strukturze zwielokrotnień zarówno w elemencie podmiotu, jak i treści jest dowodem na to, że zobowiązanie solidarne od samego początku należy traktować jako jeden stosunek obligacyjny, co wyklucza wielość zobowiązań. Za słusznością takiego podejścia do zobowiązań solidarnych przemawiają wyniki wykładni art. 554 k.c. wyłączające ten przepis z grupy źródeł solidarności z ustawy.
Zakres podmiotowy ochrony prawa do wolności myśli, sumienia i religii w Europejskiej Konwencji o ochronie praw człowieka i podstawowych wolności
Authors: Warchałowski Krzysztof
Published: September 2023

Art. 9 Europejskiej Konwencji o Ochronie Praw Człowieka i Podstawowych Wolności gwarantuje każdemu prawo do wolności myśli, sumienia i religii. Każdy jest podmiotem prawa do wolności religijnej. Źródłem ochrony tego prawa jest godność osoby ludzkiej. Państwo jest zobowiązane zagwarantować każdemu prawo do wolności myśli, sumienia i religii. Konwencja wymienia ponadto rodziców w zakresie poszanowania religijnego i filozoficznego wychowania dzieci. Rodzice mogą wychowywać swoje dzieci zgodnie z ich przekonaniami religijnymi. Na trzecim miejscu Europejska Konwencja o Ochronie Praw Człowieka i Podstawowych Wolności umieszcza Kościoły i inne wspólnoty religijne. Zgodnie z orzecznictwem strasburskim, Kościoły i inne wspólnoty religijne oddają sprawę do sądu w imieniu swoich członków.
Perceptions of forest product businesses employees in Turkey regarding occupational health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kırklıkçı Ahmet Bora , Bayram Serap
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has undeniably brought up the issue of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) for businesses in Turkey. In this global pandemic, strategies developed to effectively address OHS risks and eliminate them with reliable, high-quality data have gained importance. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the perceptions of employees in the forest products industry in Turkey regarding the OHS during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: The sample of the descriptive and analytical study consisted of a total of 371 employees in forest product businesses located in Turkey. The sample of the study was determined by the purpose-based sampling method. Data were collected both online and face-to-face from June 2022 to October 2022. The data were obtained using the Questionnaire of Employee and Business Characteristics and the Scale of Employees’ Perceptions on the OHS (S-POHS) adapted by Özden (2022). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and calculated by descriptive analyses, pairwise comparison tests and multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS: 39.1% of the employees with a mean age of 34.12±8.78 years are high school graduates and 61.5% are workers. Significant differences were found in the S-POHS average scores of the employees in the businesses that produce paper-cardboard, have operated for less than 20 years, have a partnership structure with foreign capital and have an OHS Management System Quality Certificate (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: While a positive OHS perception level has already been achieved in the forest products industry in business administrations and by employees, it is clear that this should not be lost and it should be prepared for the next crises by adding new applications.
Occupational health and safety activities undertaken by physiotherapy students: A retrospective review of industry placement reports
Authors: Boucaut Rose , Wong Edith
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: The University of South Australia’s Bachelor of Physiotherapy course, ‘Work Health and Safety (WHS) Practice’, provides students with introductory practical WHS experience. Students undertake 80-hour effort WHS projects for industry, culminating in a report for hosts. OBJECTIVE: To establish the types of industry that host WHS undergraduate physiotherapy placements and the nature of activities that students conduct. METHODS: Reports were retrospectively, systematically classified using a descriptive, document content analysis approach. Demographic data were collected: report and student numbers, placement locations and industry types. Selected reports were used as a subset for further analysis with definitions created to classify the nature of placement activities. RESULTS: Most reports were written by a pair of students (88%, n = 269), with placements based in metropolitan Adelaide (91%, n = 284). Various industries hosted students, including healthcare and social assistance (40%, n = 117) and manufacturing (30%, n = 89). Reports primarily included risk management activities as required by WHS legislation (97%, n = 229). CONCLUSION: Physiotherapy student WHS activities maintain close links with industry, involving stakeholders (workforce, students, University of South Australia and academics). At an entry-level standard, the student WHS activities align well with some criteria set as key competencies for Australian Occupational Health physiotherapy practitioners.
Measuring employment precariousness in gig jobs: A pilot study among food couriers in Brussels1
Authors: Vandevenne Elief , Vanroelen Christophe
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Within the extensive literature on precarious working conditions in the gig economy, remarkably little attention has been paid to how we can formally assess precarity. The few existing measurement instruments that seek to capture precarity in the gig economy assess the characteristics of platforms as job providers, but do not consider the situation of individual gig workers. Moreover, these approaches do not account for the different employment statuses of gig workers. OBJECTIVE: This research’s objective was to adapt, test and validate the Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES) to the context of food couriers in Belgium. METHODS: Fieldwork observations were combined with primary survey-data (N = 123). The scale was validated by testing reliability and external validity. RESULTS: Although the small sample size requires caution, the EPRES-gw (i.e., our adaptation for ‘gig work’) indicated sound reliability through sufficiently high internal consistency. The scale also showed good external validity through a significant positive correlation with poor well-being. CONCLUSION: The scale’s characteristics in empirical analyses compare to previous research using the EPRES among employees. The EPRES-gw is therefore a promising instrument for studying employment precariousness in gig jobs.
Evaluating the effect of daytime sleepiness and sleep quality on balance, fatigue and life quality of shift workers
Authors: Doğan Semanur , Bayram Gulay Aras
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Changes in the sleep-wake cycle in shift workers can cause many health problems. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between daytime sleepiness and sleep quality on balance, physical activity level, fatigue and quality of life in shift and non-shift workers. METHOD: A total of 58 employees, 29 shifts and 29 non-shifts, were included in the study. Data were collected using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Tandem Posture Test, the One-Foot Stand Test, the Ten-Step Tandem Walking Test, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, the Fatigue Severity Scale, and the Nottingham Health Profile. RESULTS: Individuals working in shifts had higher fatigue severity and daytime sleepiness levels (p < 0.05), while physical activity levels and sleep quality were lower than those working without shifts (p < 0.05). It was determined that as the daytime sleepiness of individuals working in shifts and non-shifts increased, their quality of life decreased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the data obtained from the study, individuals working in shifts compared to individuals working without shifts experienced higher levels of daytime sleepiness and fatigue severity level while sleep quality and physical activity level were lower.
Leadership constructs and artificial intelligence: Introducing a novel organizational assessment survey
Authors: Cawthorpe David
Published: September 2023

This theoretical paper presents a novel "Kinematic Model" of leadership, designed to capture the dynamic nature of leadership within organizations considering the environments in which they arise amidst the context of continuous change. At the core of every organization are three fundamental components: people, processes, and resources. The leadership landscape consists of 34 distinct constructs, from traditional styles such as transformational and transactional to newer ones like digital and neuroleadership. Leadership operates within varied environments, influenced by internal and external events, as well as the nature and experiences of the individuals and groups comprising organizations. The Kinematic Model integrates these elements into ten domains, emphasizing the need for continuous assessment, adaptability, and balancing people, processes, and resources. Taken together this review provides an orientation and reference to a separate comprehensive survey developed in parallel that provides a framework for any leadership assessment in various organizational settings.

In the context of artificial intelligence (AI), its integration into organizations significantly affects leadership dynamics. AI enhances decision-making by analyzing vast data sets, but also risks over-reliance, potentially sidelining human judgment. AI's insights into employee performance might overlook intangible leadership qualities. Additionally, ethical concerns arise with AI in leadership, including workplace surveillance and algorithmic biases. As AI takes on more leadership roles, leaders must adapt, emphasizing vision-setting, relationship-building, and fostering innovation. Leaders must stay updated and adaptable as AI evolves, balancing its capabilities with human insight, ethics, and emotional intelligence.
PENGARUH HIPERTENSI TERHADAP GANGGUAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA LANSIA: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Tanta Yudhie , Septadina Indri Seta
Published: September 2023

Abstrak Hipertensi dapat terjadi pada semua usia dan jenis kelamin yang berdampak terjadinya berbagai komplikasi, termasuk gangguan kognitif. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hipertensi terhadap gangguan fungsi kognitif, khususnya pada populasi lanjut usia. Studi ini dibuat menyesuaikan PRISMA melalui database PubMed, Science Direct, Europe PMC, Willey Online Library, Sage Journal, dan DOAJ dengan pemfokusan pada hipertensi dan fungsi kognitif pada lansia. Terpilih lima studi terpilih dengan partisipan berjumlah 16.435. Hasil observasi berupa adanya pengaruh hipertensi terhadap gangguan fungsi kognitif pada lansia, terutama pada domain memori dan kecepatan pemrosesan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingginya tekanan darah, baik sistolik maupun diastolik, berpengaruh terhadap gangguan fungsi kognitif. Kata kunci: Hipertensi, Gangguan Kognitif, Lansia Abstract Hypertension can occur to every age and gender, can be complicated to vary diseases, including cognitive impairment. This study aims to determine the effects of hypertension to cognitive impairment in Elder. This study was adjusted by PRISMA through PubMed, Sciece Direct, Europe PMC, Willey Online Library, Sage Journal, and DOAJ databases with highlighted to hypertension and cognitive function in elder. Five studies were selected with 16.435 participants. The results showed that hypertension affect the cognitve function in elder, especially in domain of memory and processing speed. In the conclusion, high blood pressure, either systolic and diastolic, affects cognitive impairment Keywords: Hypertension, Cognitive Impairment, Elder
Heimfall im Wasserrecht: Dogmatik und ausgewählte Rechtsfragen
Authors: Hettich Peter , Rechsteiner Stefan , Drittenbass Joel , Graefen Niklas
Published: September 2023

In den Jahren 2035 bis 2045 laufen zahlreiche Wasserrechtskonzessionen grosser Wasserkraftanlagen aus. Damit erhalten die Kantone und Gemeinden die Möglichkeit, den Heimfall geltend zu machen. Im Zusammenhang mit der Ausübung des Heimfalles stellen sich zahlreiche, bisher ungeklärte Rechtsfragen. Eine vertiefte Analyse im Auftrag des Schweizerischen Wasserwirtschaftsverbandes (SWV) zeigt, dass eine kohärente Dogmatik zum Heimfallrecht in Lehre und Rechtsprechung weitgehend fehlt. Daran knüpft dieses Werk an und entwickelt eine Dogmatik des Heimfalles. Auf dieser Grundlage werden im Zweiten Teil des Buches Antworten und Lösungsansätze zu ausgewählten Detailfragen im Zusammenhang mit dem Heimfall im Wasserrecht aufgezeigt.
Research on BLDC Machine Characteristics with Indirect Measurement of the Load Torque
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Al Mahturi F. S. , Samokhvalov D. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: September 2023

Vector control of an induction motor with indirect torque measurement eliminates the need for a torque sensor. This approach is applicable to study the characteristics of BLDC machine loaded by an induction machine powered by a frequency converter. A mathematical model of a BL DC machine loaded by an induction electric drive and the implementation of this model in the SimInTech dynamic simulation environment are considered. As a result of mathematical modeling, transient processes in terms of speed and Speed-Torque curve are obtained. Comparison of the values of characteristic points with specification data confirms the correctness of the mathematical model and the possibility of using indirect measurement of the torque set by the frequency converter to study the characteristics of a BL DC machine.
International Student Transition to Canadian Post-Secondary Institutions
Authors: Merab
Published: September 2023

The number of international students has been increasing in the last decade in Canada. International students are bringing revenue and boosting the local and federal economy. However, they may also face various challenges as compared to domestic students because of cultural and language differences. These students need proper support to transition into Canadian culture and academic environment. The purpose of this research was to find out the challenges that these students face as international students. A semi-structured interview was applied to elicit the experiences of international students studying in Canada. The data indicated that international students go through acculturative stress, and a lack of communication skills makes it even harder to connect and build relationships. Several implications have been indicated for support services that can enhance a smooth transition for these students along with social-cultural awareness so that they feel embraced at Canadian post-secondary institutions while away from home.
Freedom in Times of Pandemic: Chinese International Students’ Readings of Human Rights Criticism During the UK’s First COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Gies Lieve
Published: September 2023

This research project set out to study how Chinese international students in the United Kingdom understand human rights principles. The principal method involved semi-structured interviews which were primarily intended as a listening exercise in which participants were able to voice their views on human rights. The discussions were explicitly centered on participants’ own definitions and understandings. The interviews coincided with the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite holding conflicted views on the subject, most interview participants sought to legitimize China’s human rights record. While their reactions echo Stanley Cohen’s acclaimed study of human rights denial, sufficient distinction needs to be made between state actors’ denial and citizen denial. Participants’ struggle to trust foreign media reports, their reappraisal of their circumstances during the pandemic and their lack of exposure to human rights abuse acted as barriers in acknowledging China’s human rights violations. These findings highlight the need for an inclusive pedagogy which is capable of accommodating the various iterations of the imagined community through which expatriate Chinese students view human rights criticism targeted at China.
Phan, L. H., & Doan, B. N. (2020). Higher Education in Market-Oriented Socialist Vietnam: New Players, Discourses, and Practices
Authors: Nguyen Huyen
Published: September 2023

Book review by Thi Thu Huyen-Nguyen
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on International Students
Authors: Levent A. Faruk , Aktaş Abdussamet
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on international students. This study was conducted with the qualitative case study method, based on the experiences of an international student. The research found that with the declaration of the pandemic, some international students were besieged in their host countries; they were confronted with difficulties in returning to their homes, and their education and apprenticeships were interrupted. Students who could not return to their home country went through intense stress and anxiety in terms of accommodation, having access to food, financial resources, and medical supplies. This experience has caused international students to become more skeptical about continuing with mobility and has caused candidate international students to change their countries of preference. On the other hand, this does not appear to be the case for countries and universities that successfully managed the pandemic and did not spare their support for international students.
The Nature of Bullying in Higher Education: A Comparative Study of Students’ Experiences in Ghana and Norway
Authors: Tay Emmanuel , Cameron David Lansing
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to identify the negative behaviors that constitute bullying in higher education as reported by students, and (b) to explore differences in student experiences in two markedly different national contexts. A sample of 1,189 respondents from two universities in Ghana (n = 751) and two universities in Norway (n = 438) answered the same questionnaire. Approximately 40% of the Ghanaian students and 20% of the Norwegian students responded that they had been bullied. Although less frequently observed than in Ghana, relational forms of bullying (e.g., being excluded) were more prevalent in Norway compared to other behaviors. In contrast, direct and verbal forms of bullying, such as name-calling and being taunted, were most common in Ghana. The findings provide insights into cultural and national variations with respect to negative social behaviors related to bullying in the context of higher education.
Improving Students’ Vocabulary Through English Song
Authors: Mariana Mariana , Hasibuan Ahmad Laut , Risnawaty Risnawaty
Published: September 2023

The article deals with improving students’ vocabulary through English song at SMK Einstein school . The research aims to improve the twelfth-grade students of SMK Einstein School in mastering vocabulary through English song. The research was conducted by Classroom Action Research (CAR). Techniques used to collect the data are planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The researcher selected 30 students of class XII-SMK Einstein School academic year of 2020/2021. The instrument used in the research was the song lyrics.Songs can be trusted to help remember vocabulary and used the songs are interested in learning English. Memorizing song can be used to improve English vocabulary so that the purpose of learning English as a communication tool can be achieved optimally. It can be seen from the result of the research showed that there was improvement from Cycle I to Cycle II in the students’ participation in introduction, discussion and practice. In the students’ achievement Cycle I was 67,43, the average score of the Cycle II was 85. It can be concluded that songs have a significant impact on improving students’ vocabulary.
Improving Students’ Writing Skill by Applying Fishbone Techniques at the Grade X MAN 2 Padang Lawas
Authors: Harahap Susi melyana , Lubis Nazriani
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the improvement achieved by students in the ability to write descriptive text using the fishbone technique. This research was conducted by applying quantitative research method and an experimental research design consisting of pre-test, treatment and post-test to improve students' descriptive writing skills using the fishbone technique in class X MAN 2 Padang Lawas. The instruments used are writing descriptive text materials based on a given topic, written test, fishbone improved by the students and lesson plan (RPP). To assess students' performance in writing descriptive text, several criteria are used. The cumulative score ranges from (0-100). To determine student achievement in writing there are several criteria that are considered to have five scales of assessment components namely content, organization, vocabulary, use of language, and mechanism. After analyzing the data, it is concluded that there is significant effectiveness of using the Fishbone Technique on the student's writing skill. The finding shows that the score of t (effect) is 0.06. Therefore the effect of using the Fishbone Technique has a significant effect on students' achievement in writing skills.
How we came to have the 'Monocacy' hop
Authors: Butler Bryan , Barse Tom , Bassil Nahla V. , Lewers Kim
Published: September 2023

The popularity of local craft beers in the US is growing, as is the desire for beers made with all-local ingredients. Maryland breweries have been able to use locally grown ingredients, including hops, but have not been able to claim use of a hop native to Maryland. 'Monocacy' hop was discovered in Maryland on a farm that was part of the original Carrollton Manor, once owned by Charles Carroll, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, in what was likely a cottage garden between the house and barn. Molecular fingerprinting established it as unique and clustering with hop accessions native to North America. Compared with cultivars currently grown in Maryland, 'Monocacy' is very large and vigorous, late maturing, and tolerant of of two-spotted spider mites, potato leafhoppers, and hop downy mildew. 'Monocacy' produces high yields of large open cones with an herbaal-floral aroma and abundant lupulin. Most hops have more alpha acids than beta acids, and contribute a bitter flavor to beers. The 'Monocacy' alpha acid content was lower than the beta acid content, with alpha to beta acid ratios ranging from 0.54 to 0.59 and could contribute to a beer that is not overly bitter. High myrcene (12.85%) and caryophyllene (38.13%) suggest a spicy-floral character. 'Monocacy' added an earthy and spicy note to lighter beers, and in some beers when used as a dry hop it added a light fruity note on the pallet in the finish. The most recent beer using 'Monocacy' had a medium-light body with a bisquity malt aroma and delicate "spicy/hoppy" nose. Maryland breweries are anxious to use this hop in their beers.
The effect of digital marketing, digital branding and perceived service quality with customer engagement as intervening variables on brand advocacy on the digital platform of tourism village in Indonesia
Authors: Satya Mutia Tri , Arafah Willy , Bastaman Aam
Published: September 2023

The paper examines the effect of Digital Marketing, Digital Branding, Perceived Service Quality with Customer Engagement on Brand Advocacy on the Digital Platform for Tourism Villages in Indonesia. The research population is local tourists who visit several tourist places in sustainable tourism places, and the samples taken as many as 440 tourists. Data was collected by online and offline surveys with the distribution of self-administered questionnaires. The findings of the study are that digital marketing has a positive and significant influence on customer engagement. This can be used to increase awareness of the use of technology and make maximum use of it to realize a digital-based tourism village. Digital marketing is not significant to brand advocacy, but it has a positive and significant influence on customer engagement. Perceived service quality has a positive and significant influence on brand advocacy, and digital marketing has a positive and significant influence on brand advocacy through customer engagement. This research aims to provide a guideline or material for consideration for village communities, tourism awareness groups, regional tourism institutions, and other parties with an interest in developing Tourism Villages to apply digital technology and marketing strategies in their marketing. However, there is no link between digital branding and customer engagement, and there are many studies that have raised tourist village objects, but those that focus on independent tourism villages according to the JADESTA category do not yet exist.
МОНІТОРИНГ ЗАЛИШКОВИХ КІЛЬКОСТЕЙ АНТИБАКТЕРІАЛЬНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ТА ЗАБРУДНЮВАЧІВ У ПРОДУКТАХ ЗАБОЮ СВИНЕЙ
Authors: Оксана Іванівна Касяненко , Людмила Володимирівна Нагорна , Сергій Михайлович Касяненко , Олена Володимирівна Вішнякова , Максим Олександрович Мозговий
Published: September 2023

У тваринництві широко використовуються ветеринарні препарати, зокрема антибіотики, антигельмінтики, протипаразитарні засоби та гормональні препарати. Тому контроль залишків ветеринарних препаратів в продукції тваринництва є ключовими питаннями безпеки харчових продуктів, оскільки вони викликають стурбованість громадськості та можуть серйозно загрожувати здоров’ю споживачів. Головним завданням моніторингу харчових продуктів є аналіз небезпек та зведення до мінімуму негативних чинників у харчових продуктів. Оцінка ризику залишків ветеринарних препаратів у імпортованій та вітчизняній свинині є умовами продажу даного виду продукції. Представлено визначення ефективності Державного контролю харчових продуктів на основі аналізу нормативних документів, процедури відбору зразків свинини та субпродуктів та планів щорічного державного моніторингу ветеринарних препаратів та забруднювачів у необроблених харчових продуктах в Сумської області. В статті представлено обґрунтування відповідності організації процедур державного ветеринарно-санітарного контролю безпечності харчових продуктів Відбір та інспектування зразків та харчових продуктів проводиться згідно чинних рекомендацій та вимог на виконання Плану державного моніторингу залишків ветеринарних препаратів та забруднювачів у живих тваринах і необроблених харчових продуктах тваринного походження. За результати даних моніторингових досліджень залишків ветеринарних препаратів та забруднювачів у свинині за період 2020, 2021 та 2022 роки було відібрано 19, 28 та 20 проб свинини та 16, 15, 17 проб субпродуктів (печінка, нирки) відповідно. Згідно аналізу результатів моніторингових досліджень у 100 % досліджуваних проб впродовж звітного періоду залишків ветеринарних препаратів та забруднювачів у субпродуктах не встановлено. Моніторинг дозволяє виявляти та реагувати на можливі потенційні ризики, встановлювати їх відповідність вимогам стандартів якості та безпеки. Це важливо не тільки для захисту споживачів, але і для підтримки конкурентоспроможності місцевих виробників на міжнародному ринку. Державний моніторинг проводиться на постійній основі, з використанням сучасних методів аналізу. Такий підхід забезпечує вчасну реакцію на загрози та допомагає запобігати поширенню інфекційних та інших хвороб, які можуть бути пов'язані з харчовими продуктами. Це дослідження дає нові знання про безпеку свинини на українському ринку та наукову основу для розробки цільового нагляду та стратегій раннього попередження ризиків.
ВЕТЕРИНАРНО-САНІТАРНА ОЦІНКА МʼЯСА ПТИЦІ ЗА ПОКАЗНИКАМИ ЯКОСТІ ТА БЕЗПЕЧНОСТІ
Authors: Валентина Антонівна Котелевич , Світлана Василівна Гуральська , Володимир Васильович Гончаренко
Published: September 2023

Збільшення обсягів виробництва та постачання м’яса птиці в Україну обумовлює актуальність питання його ветеринарно-санітарної оцінки за показниками якості і безпечності. Використано і проаналізовано публікації учених у світлі сучасних досліджень та результати власних досліджень. М’ясо птиці – високопоживний продукт. Встановлено, що поряд з курятиною та індичатиною важливим для споживача є м’ясо водоплавної птиці, яке містить у великій кількості вітаміни, мінеральні речовини, незамінні амінокислоти та ненасичені жирні кислоти. Проведена нами комплексна ветеринарно-санітарна оцінка м’яса качок і гусей, каченят і гусенят 1 і 2 категорії промислового виробництва у різні пори року показала, що м´ясо водоплавної птиці – унікальний продукт для споживача. Біологічна цінність м’яса гусей вища, ніж качок. Так, відносна біологічна цінність м’яса качок 1 категорії вгодованості становила 70,98±0,2%, другої категорії – 74,11±0,2%, м’яса гусей – відповідно 76,22% та 82,14%. За результатами визначення біологічної цінності на щурятах-відлученцях популяції Wistar коефіцієнт ефективності протеїну м’яса качок становив 3,18±0,3, а м’яса каченят – 2,59±0,6. Проте, за порушення санітарних вимог, продукти забою птиці можуть становити небезпеку. Найбільш часто виявляють БГКП, сальмонели, золотистий стафілокок. Актуальною проблемою є виявлення збудників харчових зоонозів на етапах виробництва, переробки, зберігання, реалізації м´яса птиці та удосконалення існуючих методів контролю, а саме: Campylobacter, E.coli, Enterobacteriacae, Listeria, Salmonella, Enterococcus. Велику небезпеку становлять кампілобактерії, рівень поширеності яких серед забійної птиці в більшості країн-членів ЄС є дуже високий. Особливо важливим є недопущення контамінації тушок птиці під час технологічних процесів забою, нутрування, переробки (особливо охолодження). Великим джерелом небезпеки є використання при вирощуванні птиці антибіотиків не лише для лікування, але й для стимуляції росту, які у залишкових кількостях можуть надходити по харчовому ланцюгу. Для подолання потенційних небезпек пропонується вирощування птиці за органічного виробництва з використанням дієвої системи НАССР та запровадження єдиних міжнародних стандартів.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПРОБІОТИКІВ ДЛЯ ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ БАКТЕРІАЛЬНИХ ІНФЕКЦІЙ У КУРЧАТ-БРОЙЛЕРІВ
Authors: Тетяна Іванівна Фотіна , Тарас Володимирович Сергійчик
Published: September 2023

Антибіотики були найбільш широко використовуваними добавками для покращення конверсії корму, швидкості росту та здоров’я птахів, підвищуючи як продуктивність, так і рентабельність традиційного промислового птахівництва. Проте резистентні до антимікробних препаратів штами бактерій, що походять від тварин з роками стають все більш серйозною проблемою, особливо щодо передачі через їжу або прямий контакт з тваринами. Інші потенційні загрози безпеці харчових продуктів, пов’язані з лікуванням тварин антибіотиками, включають збільшення алергічних реакцій і неефективність лікування антибіотиками у людей Виробничі дослідження були проведені у ПАТ «Миронівська птахофабрика» Черкаської області Черкаського району, у період вересень 2023 року. Метою роботи було визначити чутливість бактерій до антибіотиків, антогоністичну активність пробіотику B. coagulans ALM 86 стосовно збудників бактеріальних інфекцій птиці.Досліджували чутливість до антибіотиків методом дисків на м'ясо-пептонному агарі.. Досліджували 24 антибіотиків з різних груп для охоплення максимального спектру. За результатами проведених досліджень встановлено, що з 24 перевірених чутливість проявляли до чотирьох препаратів. Встановлено, що В. coagulans розведенні 1×109 , КУО/г проявив максимальні антагоністичні властивості. Затримка росту у зразках із В. coagulans в розведенні 1×107, КУО/г була більше з E. faecium – на 148,63 %; C. jejuni– на 155,67 %; E. coli – на 180,61 %; E. fecalis – на 141,59 %; L. monocytogenes – на 148,67 %; S aureus – на 117,92 %; S. enterica – на 222,44 %, порівняно до контролю. У дослідженнях з В. coagulans 1×109 , КУО/г демаркаційна зона була більше порівняно до 1×105 , КУО/г навколо E. faecium – на 274,0 %; C. jejuni– на 264,4 %; E. coli – на 369,3 %; E. fecalis – на 250,51 %; L. monocytogenes – на 193,75 %; S aureus – на 278,5 %; S. enterica – на 387,48 %. Перспективою подальших досліджень є дослідження терапевтичної ефективності застосування В. coagulans для профілактики бактеріальних захворювань курчат-бройлерів.