bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Murivenna Anal Infiltration Compared to Diltiazem Topical Application in Chronic Anal Fissure: Protocol for a Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label Clinical Trial
Authors: Shankar KM Pratap , Puthan Purayil Indu , Binitha Palengara , Rai Amit Kumar , Jameela Sophia , Ahmad Azeem , Bhogavalli Chandra Sekhara Rao , Srikanth Narayanam , Acharya Rabinarayan
Published: November 2024

Background

Anal fissure is a common proctologic condition that causes significant pain and anguish to patients, significantly impacting their quality of life and well-being. There are various treatment options for anal fissure, ranging from pharmacological agents that reduce anal sphincter tone to surgical interventions for cases resistant to medical management. Ayurvedic treatments have shown potential for the therapeutic management of anal fissure.

Objective

This clinical study aims to analyze the efficacy and safety of murivenna anal infiltration compared to diltiazem topical application in chronic anal fissure.

Methods

This is an open-labeled, randomized, controlled parallel group clinical trial with a sample size of 66 participants to be randomized and allocated in a 1:1 ratio to 2 groups. The intervention group will be treated with murivenna anal infiltration, and the control group will be treated with topical application of diltiazem for a period of 4 weeks. The primary outcome will be the proportion of participants demonstrating complete healing after 4 weeks of treatment. The secondary outcomes will be the proportion of participants demonstrating complete healing after 7 days and 14 days of treatment, change in pain at or after defecation, cessation of bleeding, and any recurrence during the study period. Any adverse events will also be recorded during the trial period.

Results

The project was funded in July 2023, and the study period is 24 months. Participant recruitment started in December 2023. As of August 2024, we have enrolled 50 participants. The data analysis will be complete by June 2025, and the results are expected to be published by August 2025.

Conclusions

High recurrence rates, adverse effects, incomplete healing, and the negative impact on patients’ daily activities and quality of life underscore the need for alternative therapeutic options. Ayurveda offers potential for more sustainable relief with fewer adverse effects. Murivenna oil is a time-tested medicated oil effectively used by Ayurvedic physicians for various ulcers of traumatic and pathological origin. This study will provide scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety of murivenna anal infiltration; further, it can be incorporated into the cost-effective management of chronic anal fissure.

Trial Registration

Clinical Trials Registry India CTRI/2023/09/057330; https://tinyurl.com/y4ut9e8p

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/63063
Awareness and Uptake of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis and Postexposure Prophylaxis Among College Students With Sexual Experiences: Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Xu Junfang , Xu Ke , Juma Omar , Zhang Xingliang , Lian Zhujun
Published: November 2024

Background

Evidence has shown that HIV prevalence among young people, especially college students, has increased disproportionately. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) are two of the most effective ways to prevent HIV, which are vital for college students with sexual experiences who have sexual risks.

Objective

To provide evidence for effective intervention to reduce the risk of HIV infection among young students, this study aimed to analyze the awareness and uptake of HIV PrEP and PEP among college students with sexual experiences.

Methods

An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data through an electronic questionnaire from college students in 5 colleges located in Zhejiang Province. A total of 21,962 college students were investigated, of which 2605 students with sexual experiences were included in the data analysis with the following information collected: sociodemographic characteristics, awareness and uptake of HIV PrEP and PEP, sexual behaviors, and HIV tests. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors on seeking PrEP and PEP.

Results

The average age of college students with sexual experiences was 21.25 (SD 2.75) years. Overall, 61.4% (n=1600) of the participants were aware of PrEP, and 53.0% (n=1380) of them were aware of PEP. Moreover, 5.6% (n=146) of them have sought PrEP or/and PEP, and 89.1% (n=2321) have not sought PrEP or PEP. College students who had more than 6 sexual partners, have always had unprotected sex, have subjective perceived risk behavior, and undergo HIV testing were more likely to seek PrEP or/and PEP. The main ways for the participants to learn PrEP and PEP were through school clubs, the internet, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Moreover, senior students and those who had not undergone an HIV test had a lower likelihood of seeking PrEP and PEP. College students who did not have risky sexual behaviors (odds ratio 0.468, P=.004) and homosexual students (odds ratio 0.318, P=.03) were more likely not to seek PEP.

Conclusions

College students with sexual experiences rarely seek PrEP and PEP, with a relatively low awareness of PrEP and PEP. It is very important to increase the knowledge and uptake of PrEP and PEP by educational and behavioral interventions among young students at risk for HIV infection.
User Acceptance of a Home Robotic Assistant for Individuals With Physical Disabilities: Explorative Qualitative Study
Authors: Sørensen Linda , Sagen Johannesen Dag Tomas , Melkas Helinä , Johnsen Hege Mari
Published: November 2024

Background

Health care is shifting toward 5 proactive approaches: personalized, participatory, preventive, predictive, and precision-focused services (P5 medicine). This patient-centered care leverages technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI)–powered robots, which can personalize and enhance services for users with disabilities. These advancements are crucial given the World Health Organization’s projection of a global shortage of up to 10 million health care workers by 2030.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the acceptance of a humanoid assistive robot among users with physical disabilities during (1) AI-powered (using a Wizard of Oz methodology) robotic performance of predefined personalized assistance tasks and (2) operator-controlled robotic performance (simulated distant service).

Methods

An explorative qualitative design was used, involving user testing in a simulated home environment and individual interviews. Directed content analysis was based on the Almere model and the model of domestic social robot acceptance.

Results

Nine participants with physical disabilities aged 27 to 78 years engaged in robot interactions. They shared their perceptions across 7 acceptance concepts: hedonic attitudes, utilitarian attitudes, personal norms, social norms, control beliefs, facilitating conditions, and intention to use. Participants valued the robot’s usefulness for practical services but not for personal care. They preferred automation but accepted remote control of the robot for some tasks. Privacy concerns were mixed.

Conclusions

This study highlights the complex interplay of functional expectations, technological readiness, and personal and societal norms affecting the acceptance of physically assistive robots. Participants were generally positive about robotic assistance as it increases independence and lessens the need for human caregivers, although they acknowledged some current shortcomings. They were open to trying more home testing if future robots could perform most tasks autonomously. AI-powered robots offer new possibilities for creating more adaptable and personalized assistive technologies, potentially enhancing their effectiveness and viability for individuals with disabilities.
Text Messaging Versus Postal Reminders to Improve Participation in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Program: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Vives Nuria , Binefa Gemma , Travier Noemie , Farre Albert , Panera Jon Aritz , Casas Berta , Vidal Carmen , Ibáñez-Sanz Gemma , Garcia Montse ,   M-TICS research group
Published: November 2024

Background

Mobile phone SMS text message reminders have shown moderate effects in improving participation rates in ongoing colorectal cancer screening programs.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of SMS text messages as a replacement for routine postal reminders in a fecal immunochemical test–based colorectal cancer screening program in Catalonia, Spain.

Methods

We conducted a randomized controlled trial among individuals aged 50 to 69 years who were invited to screening but had not completed their fecal immunochemical test within 6 weeks. The intervention group (n=12,167) received an SMS text message reminder, while the control group (n=12,221) followed the standard procedure of receiving a reminder letter. The primary outcome was participation within 18 weeks of the invitation. The trial was stopped early, and a recovery strategy was implemented for nonparticipants in the intervention group. We performed a final analysis to evaluate the impact of the recovery strategy on the main outcome of the trial. Participation was assessed using a logistic regression model adjusting for potential confounders (sex, age, and deprivation score index) globally and by screening behavior.

Results

The trial was discontinued early in September 2022 due to the results of the interim analysis. The interim analysis included 5570 individuals who had completed 18 weeks of follow-up (intention-to-treat). The SMS text message group had a participation rate of 17.2% (477/2781), whereas the control group had a participation rate of 21.9% (610/2789; odds ratio 0.71, 95% CI 0.62-0.82; P<.001). As a recovery strategy, 7591 (72.7%) out of 10,442 nonparticipants in the SMS text message group had an open screening episode and received a second reminder by letter, reaching a participation rate of 23% (1748/7591). The final analysis (N=24,388) showed a participation rate of 29.3% (3561/12,167) in the intervention group, which received 2 reminders, while the participation rate was 26.5% (3235/12,221) in the control group (odds ratio 1.16, 95% CI 1.09-1.23; P<.001).

Conclusions

Replacing SMS text messages with reminder letters did not increase the participation rate but also led to a decline in participation among nonparticipants 6 weeks after the invitation. However, sending a second reminder by letter significantly increased participation rates among nonparticipants within 6 weeks in the SMS text message group compared with those who received 1 postal reminder (control group). Additional research is essential to determine the best timing and frequency of reminders to boost participation without being intrusive in their choice of participation.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04343950; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04343950
La teoría de la revolución de S. N. Eisenstadt. Las modernidades americanas en perspectiva comparada
Authors: San Pedro López Patricia
Published: November 2024

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es explicar los elementos centrales de la teoría de la revolución de S. N. Eisenstadt, en particular, la interrelación entre grandes revoluciones y civilizaciones axiales, y su hipótesis sobre la construcción de las modernidades en América del Norte y América Latina. Asimismo, se muestra la estrategia comparativa del autor para estudiar el cambio social revolucionario y la cristalización de múltiples modernidades en el mundo.
La Colección Lafragua de la Biblioteca Nacional de México: su organización y estado actual
Authors: Salgado Ruelas Silvia Mónica
Published: November 2024

La Colección Lafragua es uno de los primeros conjuntos bibliográficos especiales incorporados al acervo de la Biblioteca Nacional de México como herencia de su creador, José María Lafragua [1813-1875]; ingresó acompañada de dos catálogos manuscritos que dan cuenta de su riqueza como patrimonio documental. En la segunda mitad del siglo XX se organizó el 75 % de las 1 580 misceláneas que conforman el corpus y en el año 2021, en plena pandemia de COVID-19, se retomó la sistematización de la parte no registrada con una perspectiva bibliográfica actualizada, basada en la identificación de las marcas de propiedad y las procedencias, así como en el registro de preliminares legales y paratextos literarios. Se usó el Sistema Integrado de Gestión Bibliotecaria Koha de manera remota para incorporar las descripciones y el análisis de cada recurso, también se avanzó en la organización de los corpus correspondientes a la época virreinal y a la moderna que sobrepasaban la fecha de fallecimiento de José María Lafragua. Actualmente hay 19 191 registros de impresos bibliográficos y manuscritos fechados de 1575 a 1925, una suma de 350 años de patrimonio escrito producido en América, Europa y Asia, procedente principalmente de España, Filipinas y México, compilado por José María Lafragua y posteriormente acrecentado con ejemplares de otras colecciones de la Biblioteca Nacional de México.
Serum IgG Antibody against Helicobacter pylori and the CagA-VacA s1 Genotype as a Predictor of Gastric Cancer Development: A Case-control Study
Authors: Sarma Anisha , Borkakoti Jayanta , Sarma Mridul Kumar , Saikia Lahari
Published: November 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced inflammation increases the risk of developing various upper gastrointestinal conditions which may progress to gastric cancer (CA). Early prediction and detection of infection are crucial for reducing cancer-induced mortality rates. The present case-control study aimed to investigate the combination of serum and molecular markers and H. pylori-associated gastro-duodenal conditions as risk factors for predicting CA development in dyspeptic patients. Consecutive gastric biopsies and blood samples were collected from 100 adult dyspeptic patients. Serum IgG antibody levels against H. pylori were determined, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. The expression of the virulence genes cagA and vacA was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A significant association was reported between the disease condition and the status of several risk factors, such as family history, serum IgG antibody concentration, and the virulence genes cagA and vacA. Among the 71 H. pylori-positive patients, 35.2% (25/71) had CA. Both cagA and vacA genes were found in 46 out of 71 (64.7%) patients, and 92% (23/25) of CA patients carried the cagA+vacA s1 gene. ROC analysis of the serum IgG concentrations revealed AUC values of 0.81 and 0.78 for differentiating patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia from those with ulceration/inflammation and CA, respectively. The concordance between the IgG-positive and PCR-positive patients was 84% (k value=0.41). Patients who had a family history of CA with an increased serum IgG concentration and the presence of H. pylori cagA-vacA s1 genotypes may be considered strong predictors of future development of gastric pathologies, including CA.
In vitro Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Terbinafine Nano Form against Yeast Organism Isolated in Thumby Labs Ajman
Authors: Osman Ahmed Luay , Jacob Shery , Mohammed Abdelrahman , Raid Rana , Hammoud Alaa , Zayyad Sofiyat Ajoke , Shemote Zulekha Tora , Kumar Praveen , Shadroch Devapriya Finney
Published: November 2024

The goal of this study is to evaluate the antifungal activity of terbinafine in its nano form against yeast organisms in vitro and compare its effectiveness to the normal form of terbinafine. Thirty isolated yeast organisms from Thumbay Labs were included in the study. Terbinafine was serially diluted to concentrations of 50 mg, 25 mg, 12 mg, and 6 mg for both the nano and normal forms. After preparing the serial dilutions, fungal suspensions were exposed to these dilutions for 7 minutes. The suspensions were then cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated at 37°C overnight. Growth was measured using a colony count. The results for the normal form of terbinafine revealed growth at all concentrations, with varying colony counts with a highest growth was observed at the 6 mg concentration. In contrast, the nano form of terbinafine exhibited distinct development patterns. At the 50 mg concentration, seven samples showed no growth; at the 25 mg concentration, two samples showed no growth; and the remaining samples exhibited limited growth compared to the normal form. According to the results of this study, there were significant differences in the number of colonies between the two forms of terbinafine, with the nano form demonstrating greater efficacy. The most potent antifungal response was observed at the 50 mg concentration of nano terbinafine, which inhibited yeast growth in several samples. In conclusion, terbinafine nanoemulsions are more effective than the normal form against Candida.
Microbial Cellulase Production: Current Technologies and Future Prospects
Authors: Borthakur Ishani , Devi Rathinasamy Parimala , Karthikeyan Subburamu , Ramesh Desikan , Murugananthi Dhandapani
Published: November 2024

Enzymes are biocatalysts, that facilitate chemical reactions by lowering their activation energy. Among these, cellulase emerges as a significant enzyme, consisting of a triad of components that work in synergy to degrade cellulosic biomass. Its significance is mostly pronounced in agricultural contexts, where there is an abundance of lignocellulosic biomass making it pivotal for utilization and conversion of biomass. Utilizing the biomass as a substrate for cellulase production offers dual advantages. Firstly, it simplifies the enzymatic synthesis process by the utilization of naturally occurring precursors. Secondly, it contributes to cost reduction by leveraging readily available resources thereby making it economically viable. Microbial cellulases, sourced from diverse microbes found globally, can aid in efficient enzymatic production. Advances in fermentation processes, coupled with the application of biotechnological tools, have significant impacts in production scalability and cost-effectiveness. Optimizing production strategies is crucial to meet the increasing demands of industrial applications while ensuring sustainability. Emphasizing the utilization of biomass substrates and harnessing the potential of emerging biotechnological advancements are key aspects of enzyme production. This review shall aim to provide an in-depth exploration of current cellulase production technologies and future prospects. By elucidating the underlying principles of cellulase catalysis and the intricacies of production methodologies.
Production and Antimicrobial Activities of Pyocyanin Extracts from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Rai Dhanyashree , Sulthana Farzeen , Neeksha  , Divyashree M.
Published: November 2024

Pyocyanin is a blue-green phenazine pigment synthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa that has significant biotechnological applications. The present study aims to investigate pyocyanin extracts of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa isolates sourced from hospital wastewater and evaluate their antimicrobial activity against a panel of clinically relevant pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Candida albicans. Nutrient broth and King’s A broth supplemented with 1% nutrient supplements such as rice water and groundnut cake powder were used as a production medium. Extracted pyocyanin was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The isolates P8 and P9 demonstrated of varying concentrations of pyocyanin in different media. Isolate P8 showed maximum pyocyanin production in King’s A broth compared to nutrient broth with pyocyanin yields 14.34 (µg/mL) and 5.63 (µg/mL), respectively, without the nutrient supplements. Preliminary antimicrobial activity of the pyocyanin extracts exhibited substantial inhibition of tested bacterial culture at a concentration of 25 mg/µl; however, did not show any antifungal activity against tested fungi.
Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Influenza Virus (H1N1pdm2009) Circulating in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Shammari Basim R.
Published: November 2024

Influenza A virus (IAV) is the principal cause of seasonal flu and is often reported among pilgrims in Saudi Arabia (SA) due to their mass gatherings. The epidemiological, phylogenetic, and molecular details of A/H1N1pdm2009 in 200 clinical samples collected from hospitalized children in Riyadh during two epidemic seasons (2020/21 and 2021/22) are reported in this study. A total of 21 (10.50%) samples were positive for IAV, as determined using PCR. Fifteen isolates (71.42%) were identified as H1N1pdm2009: eight (53.33%) samples were from males, seven (46.67%) from females. The prevalence of H1N1pdm2009 isolates was significantly (p < 0.05) higher among the age group 15-64 years than the other age groups. A comparison of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) amino acid sequences between SA H1N1pdm and certain vaccine strains revealed 19 mutations relative to reference strain A/California/07/2009. Among them, eight (0.47%) were in HA, and eight (0.56%) were in NA sequences that differed from vaccine strains. All isolates of the 2020–2022 seasons exhibited N- and O-glycosylation sites comparable to vaccine strains. Phylogenetically their HA and NA genes are divided into different clades. Most of the studied isolates (five) belonged to clade 5a.1 of HA. These data identify the genetic makeup of circulating influenza virus subtypes.
Fake News Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Subramanian G. Vimal , Aakash Tangudu , Suryateja Vardheneni , Gowrish Pula , Gnanendra Kilapatla
Published: November 2024

Abstract: The identification of fake news has grown in importance as false information circulates quickly via digital channels. The goal of this project is to combine deep learning and machine learning to create an automated system that can identify news stories as legitimate or fraudulent. The preprocessed text data in the dataset, which comprises of tagged news items, was done using methods such tokenization, stop word removal, and padding. A Convolutional Neural Network (Conv1D), which is based on deep learning, was combined with more conventional machine learning models, such as Naive Bayes, in a hybrid approach. After converting the text input into a series of tokens, semantic meanings were captured by using word embeddings. Important patterns from the word sequences were intended to be captured by the Conv1D model with global max pooling, whereas the Naive Bayes also used in the project.
Factors Affecting Technical Efficiency in Potato Farming: A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Study in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sinaga Riska Elsa Rianty , Hanani Nuhfil , Andriani Dwi Retno
Published: November 2024

Potato farming has a crucial role in promoting the agricultural sector of East Java, Indonesia, with significant consequences for regional economic growth and acting as the main source of income for farmers. However, the primary challenge that potato farmers face involves improving production efficiency in order to strengthen the sustainability and competitiveness of the agricultural industry. This study aims to analyze the technical efficiency of potato farming in East Java and identify the factors affecting this efficiency. The study focuses on the areas of Sumberberantas and Wonokerso in East Java, which serve as key centers for growing potatoes. The study includes a group of 82 farmers as respondents, with 40 from Sumberberantas and 42 from Wonokerso. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a method that systematically examines levels of technical efficiency. It is complimented by Tobit Regression Analysis, which assists in identifying the relevant elements affecting efficiency. The findings indicate that the average technical efficiency score is 0.840, suggesting that farmers have the potential to increase their efficiency by up to 16%. Gender and land area for potato farming are identified as crucial factors affecting technical efficiency, while age, education, and farming experience have no effect.
entretanto, olho o chão de Lisboa
Authors: Araújo da Silva Jonatas Olier
Published: November 2024

Ensaio de fotos feitas em junho de 2024 durante residência artística em Lisboa. A residência foi realizada a convite da Fogo Posto Associação (Portugal) e financiada com recursos do programa Funarte Mobilidade.
coletivo Manifesto Crespo e as potencialidades das intervenções antirracistas na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Visini Debora
Published: November 2024

O principal objetivo da entrevista é apresentar o coletivo Manifesto Crespo de maneira abrangente, mostrando como as produções do coletivo podem ser lidas como trabalhos que se relacionam às interfaces e potencialidades crítico-epistêmicas da Arte enquanto instrumento de subversão, renovação e reinvenção constante, e que possibilitam a produção de narrativas e projetos de mundo diversos, oportunizando uma mudança macro e micropolítica, além do grande potencial de subjetivação relacionado às intervenções produzidas no espaço público, mas também, e de maneira basilar, a produção que é realizada de maneira comunitária. O foco de interesse e convergência da entrevista são as práticas de arte nos espaços públicos, demonstrando que nestes gestos criativos e ativistas, e sobretudo, pautados em uma produção comunitária, o coletivo inverte o sentido colonial das práticas de apropriação (que foram e são utilizadas pelo pensamento hegemônico, eurocêntrico, eugenista, cisheteronormartivo, entre outros) e reinventam suas próprias formas de reapropriação a partir da sua potencialidade de produção artística.
Renegotiating the notion of artistic genius - within the frame of an institutional theatre
Authors: Mette Tranholm
Published: November 2024

This exposition explores how the Betty Nansen Theatre in Copenhagen, with the artistic research project, BETTY DEVELOPS, works with spreading a collaborative practice to the infrastructure of an entire institutional theatre and how this renegotiates the notion of artistic genius and the star. The exposition offers a meta-reflection on the author’s artistic research activities at the theatre. These reflections shed light on what happens when collaborative methods of working and producing are implemented in an institutional theatre and discuss the extent to which artistic research can develop methods for collaborative co-creation as well as resistance to the neoliberal individualised performance culture. Could such methods prevent you from falling back on a modernist understanding of the artist as the original creator of an individual expression and instead support a collaborative art and knowledge practice? As opposed to defining artistic creation as something that springs from and comes from an individual (the artistic genius or star), the author argues that artistic creation is a relational act, and that art is something that comes to be between people.

This exposition is a collage of empirical material, text, images, and video gathered and produced over the last five years while facilitating, documenting, researching, and sharing the development of fourteen BETTY DEVELOPS productions.

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Greenwashed Concrete. Artistic Research With, On, and Against Concrete, Concerning Conflicting Concepts of Its Sustainability
Authors: Christoph Weber  , Nikolaus Eckhard
Published: November 2024

Environmental science has shown that the global use of concrete has led to significant challenges today and will seriously trouble future generations. Nevertheless, international building industries advertise concrete as a natural, regional, sustainable, and hence green material. In 2020, global human-made mass exceeded all living biomass, with concrete accounting for nearly half of it, making it a signal of the Capitalocene. A radical transformation of industrial building culture is asked for, otherwise anthropogenic mass will be three times biomass by 2040. The growth of the technosphere is amplifying multiple negative currents in the pluriverse — air pollution, lithospheric extraction, and hydrosphere depletion — all with catastrophic effects on biodiversity.

This exposition displays the steps in and findings of the artistic research project Greenwashed Concrete. Setting out to widen understanding of the multi-layered material concrete, this project applied a methodology of juxtaposing two sculptural practices in order to collaboratively design experimental settings to engage scholars from heterogeneous fields.

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On the borderlands of utopia and ideology - Yuval Noah Harari through a critical lens
Authors: Pető Zoltán
Published: November 2024

The world-famous popular science author, Yuval Noah Harari makes use of the
technical language of the natural sciences, while engaging in social
science. However, Harari?s work goes beyond the scope of anything like
scientific description or scientific objectivity. ?his article claims that
Harari actually presents what is already represented by modernity itself as
a cultural-historical meta-narrative. Differently put, Harari exemplifies a
certain ideology. The goal of this article is an exercize in ideology
critique, directed at the unsaid presuppositions and implicit philosophy of
history underlying Harari?s works. The cult of technological utopia is as
old as the development of modernity. The first significant work in this vein
was a Renaissance utopia, namely Francis Bacon?s New Atlantis. Even today,
there are ?technognostic?, scientists and philosophers who assume that
through technology, humans can become capable of achieving a more-than-human
condition while overcoming the limits of human knowledge. The basic formula
is simple: through the use of technology, humans can make themselves
smarter, more virtuous, and even more moral. Authors such as Harari, who
regards his own materialistic world?view as being practically synonymous
with a ?scientific? and ?objective? view of the world, forget to reflect
time and time again on thier own philosophical and ideological
presuppositions, such as the contingent and historically overdetermined
nature of their own worldview, as well as the problems and philosophical
criticisms surrounding materialist epistemology.
Factors associated with nurses’ self-efficacy in oral care at Oulu University Hospital, Finland
Authors: Kivilahti Roosa-Maria , Ahomäki-Hietala Tiia , Vähänikkilä Hannu , Aro Taru , Anttonen Vuokko , Laitala Marja-Liisa , Syrjälä Anna-Maija
Published: November 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate factors associated with nurses’ self-efficacy in oral care among infection-sensitive patients in a university hospital.
Material and methods: All the nurses working in five wards of internal medicine and one department of oncology at Oulu University Hospital, Finland (n = 114) were recruited. Data were collected with a questionnaire containing 10 self-efficacy items (scored 0 to 10) and nine knowledge items (five-point Likert scale) that were validated in an earlier pilot study. Factor analysis was performed for the self-efficacy scale and a mean score was calculated for the knowledge scale. A multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze the association between explanatory variables and self-efficacy factor scores.
Results: Factor analysis revealed self-efficacy factors: Practical skills, Self-confidence in taking care of patients’ oral hygiene, and Confidence in detecting oral problems (factor scores varied between 4.9 and 8.8). A higher mean score for the knowledge scale was positively associated with the factor Practical skills (B = 0.5, p < 0.05). Longer working experience was associated with higher factor scores in Self-confidence in taking care of patients` oral hygiene and Confidence in detecting oral problems.
Conclusions: Better oral health-related knowledge and longer working experience were positively associated with oral health-related self-efficacy.
Kriterierna för en god kunskapsbas
Authors: Samordningen av öppen vetenskap  , Nurmi Niina , Suorsa Anna , Pitkänen Henri , Hilska-Keinänen Katja , Mela Matilda , Rosti Tomi
Published: November 2024

Samhällets förtroende för forskningsdata är starkt beroende av att god forskningspraxis efterlevs. Forskningsdata utnyttjas i olika skeden av den samhälleliga beslutsprocessen. Med forskningsdata kan man ge en bakgrund till målen i regeringens propositioner och underbygga åtgärdernas betydelse för att uppnåmålen. Tillförlitligheten i det samhälleliga beslutsfattandet baserar sig på att beslutsfattandet är ändamålsenligt och oberoende. Mångsidigheten i och dokumenteringen av kunskapsunderlaget som används inom lagberedning och samhälleligt beslutsfattande ökar transparensen i processen och möjliggör beslutens bedömbarhet. Forskare inom organisationer som bedriver vetenskaplig forskning styrs av vetenskapliga praxis, som för sin del stöder transparens i forskningskulturen. Detta dokument är en proposition av Den nationella samordningen av öppen vetenskap och forskning och fungerar som en kompletterande anvisning för policy för öppen forskningskultur. Propositionen är specifikt riktad till lagberedare och i den har man samlat bästa praxis för sammanställande av ett gott kunskapsunderlag, som baseras på principerna för ansvarsfull vetenskap. Det centrala syftet med propositionen är att det ska utgöra en kompletterande anvisning till Anvisningar för utarbetande av regeringspropositioner.
TRABALHO REMOTO E A LUTA PELA DESCONEXÃO EM UM CENÁRIO DE PRESSÃO CONTÍNUA
Authors: Pessoa Jael Nogueira , Albuquerque Filho Belmiro Cavalcante de
Published: November 2024

Este artigo aborda o direito à desconexão no contexto do teletrabalho e da hiperconexão, considerando-se a necessidade de reconhecimento do direito à desconexão, em virtude do aumento das demandas do teletrabalho, e partindo de implicações jurídicas e sociais. O objetivo geral é discutir a relevância do direito à desconexão como um mecanismo de proteção aos trabalhadores, avaliando sua necessidade e os efeitos da sua ausência nas condições de trabalho e na vida pessoal. A justificativa para a pesquisa reside na urgência de se estabelecer um marco legal que proteja os trabalhadores, dado o impacto negativo da pressão por disponibilidade constante sobre sua saúde e bem-estar. O método de abordagem utilizado foi o dedutivo, tendo em vista que partiu de aspectos gerais relacionados à hiperconexão, para, então, trazer questões específicas relacionadas à desconexão do trabalho como um direito fundamental. A presente pesquisa tem caráter descritivo com abordagem qualitativa dos dados relativos às consequências de um marco regulatório sobre o direito à desconexão no Brasil, utilizando-se do procedimento de revisão bibliográfica e documental em virtude da utilização de livros, artigos científicos e da legislação. Os resultados indicam que, embora alguns países já tenham regulamentações específicas sobre o direito à desconexão, o Brasil ainda carece de uma legislação consolidada, evidenciando que a falta de normas claras pode comprometer a dignidade dos trabalhadores e agravar problemas de saúde física e mental. A conclusão reafirma a importância do reconhecimento do direito à desconexão como uma necessidade nas relações de trabalho contemporâneas e ressalta a necessidade de mais estudos para aprofundar a discussão e orientar a elaboração de políticas que promovam um ambiente de trabalho equilibrado.
Correlation Studies and Path Analysis for Yield Enhancing Attributes in Hot Pepper
Authors: Singh Sakshi , Joshi A. K. , Vikram Amit , Kansal Sandeep , Singh Sudha , Rajender
Published: November 2024

The present study was carried out during March to September, 2018 at the Experimental Farm of the Regional Horticultural Research and Training Station (RHRST) Dhaulakuan, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan, HP (173230), India to investigate the interrelationship between various yield-associating factors and to construct an efficient trait for indirect selection using 21 chilli genotypes. In the study, the relationship between characteristics and path analysis showed genotypic as well as phenotypic correlation of green fruit yield plant-1 with the number of fruit plant-1, the weight of the fruit at edible maturity, and the diameter of the fruit. On the other hand, the dry matter of the fruit, the height of the plant, the number of seeds plant-1 and thousand seed weight showed a big positive correlation with red fruit yield plant-1. Path analysis at genotypic as well as phenotypic level showed maximum direct effect on number of fruit plant-1, weight of fruit at edible maturity and fruit diameter towards green yield plant-1. Conversely, fruit dry matter content, plant height and number of seeds fruit-1 and 1000 seed weight had direct effect on red fruit yield plant-1. The present outcome provided an insight that the better yield contributing genotypes might be utilized in future hot chilli improvement programme.
Decoding PARP Inhibitor Resistance in Ovarian Cancer: Molecular Insights and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Meneses Rêgo Amalia Cinthia , Araújo-Filho Irami
Published: November 2024

Ovarian cancer remains one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies, primarily due to its late-stage diagnosis and frequent relapse. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have emerged as promising agents in the management of ovarian neoplasms, particularly among patients with BRCA1/2 mutations or homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). Despite initial therapeutic successes, the development of drug resistance poses a significant challenge, limiting the long-term efficacy of these agents. This review analyzes the molecular mechanisms underlying PARP inhibitor resistance, including genetic reversion mutations in BRCA1/2, restoration of homologous recombination repair pathways, and alterations in drug efflux mechanisms. Furthermore, we explore strategies to overcome PARP inhibitor resistance, such as combination therapies with other targeted agents, using ATR inhibitors, and optimizing the timing of maintenance chemotherapy. Current advances in identifying predictive biomarkers for PARP inhibitor response are also discussed, offering potential pathways for personalized treatment approaches. Understanding the complex interplay of resistance mechanisms and the evolving therapeutic landscape is crucial to improving outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on PARP inhibitor resistance and emerging strategies to enhance their therapeutic potential in ovarian neoplasms.
CLOUD COMPUTING AND HR COMPETENCY TOWARDS THE PERFORMANCE OF MSMEs IN DENPASAR
Authors: Pradnyani Gusti Ayu Agung Ista , Dewi Ni Komang Ayu Julia Praba , Sukmawati Putu Sri
Published: November 2024

The industrial revolution 5.0 brings the economy to an industrial paradigm through the rapid development of technology and the internet. MSMEs that have contributed to Indonesian economic development by increasing the GDP and absorbing the workforce need to be able to adapt to technological advances. Cloud computing is one of the drivers of Industrial Revolution 5.0. This study aimed to determine the effect of cloud computing based accounting information systems toward the performance of MSMEs with human resources competency as a moderating variable. Data used is primary data which was collected through a survey questionnaire from a sample of 100 MSMEs. The sampling method used is purposive sampling. Data was performed by moderating regression analysis through SPSS. The result of this study shows that a cloud based accounting information system and human resources competency has a positive influence on the performance of MSMEs, while human resources competency significantly moderates the relationship between cloud based accounting information systems and the performance of MSMEs. These findings show the importance of implementing cloud based accounting information systems by MSMEs for business success.
POETIC STYLE TWEETS FROM PT KERETA API INDONESIA'S X ACCOUNT @Kai121 AS A SOCIAL MEDIA BRANDING STRATEGY IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Cahyati Titik Tri Rahayu , Utari Prahastiwi , Anshori Mahfud
Published: November 2024

In an effort to reach a wider audience in the digital era, PT KAI Indonesia uses several social media with a different focus and style. Meanwhile, PT KAI's X (Twitter) account uses poetic style posts that are not related to railways. This difference in style seems to have an influence on the number of followers that each platform has managed to gather, where the PT. KAI’s X account has the highes followers than other social media accounts with 1,238,637 followers. Poetic sentences from the PT. KAI’s account always gets a higher response from netizens compared to informative posts with a stiff and standard language style. In fact, the posts are often re-uploaded by netizens on other personal social media platforms such as TikTok and Instagram, and receive reactions in the form of likes, shares and comments in quite significant numbers. For this reason, this research discusses PT KAI's social media branding strategy in the digital era with a focus on the poetic style tweets of PT KAI's X account @kai121. The method used is a qualitative-descriptive approach with content analysis techniques assisted by the Nvivo 12 application for analyzing computer-based qualitative data. This research analyzes content uploaded by the @kai121 account, during the period 1 December - 31 December 2023. The results show that poetic content related to love, sadness and life motivation received a high response from users. @kai121's tweet expresses feelings of sadness, hope and support in facing separation and life's journey. The tweet received a good response and shows consistency in the content uploaded.
INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INTO SUCCESSION PLANNING AND LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Attamimi Romi , Abidin Abidin , Amiruddin Amiruddin
Published: November 2024

This study evaluates and examines the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in succession planning and leadership development in higher education institutions. The primary focus is on how AI can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency in identifying and developing potential leadership candidates while addressing existing challenges. The review employs a comprehensive literature search strategy, involving four major databases: Scopus, Web of Science, ABI/INFORM Collection, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria ensure that relevant, up-to-date, and high-quality literature is gathered for analysis. The review findings indicate that the use of AI in succession planning and leadership development in higher education promises significant advancements. AI can enhance the effectiveness of succession planning by providing deeper analysis of talent and skills while addressing the digital transformation challenges faced by higher education institutions. The implementation of AI in this context has the potential not only to improve leadership quality but also to strengthen strong leadership continuity for the future. This review offers insights into best practices, challenges, and future potentials for AI usage in succession planning and leadership development in higher education institutions, along with recommendations for more effective implementation.
The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea, dyspnea, and health-related quality of life in lung cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Kim Hyeong-pyo , Oh Duck-won , Kim Dong-kyu
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), dyspnea, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), as well as the factors influencing HRQOL.Methods: A total of 129 lung cancer survivors (mean age, 53.4 years; 77 men and 52 women; mean time since diagnosis, 1.6 years; and cancer stage [1/2/3/4/relapse], 43/31/19/34/2, respectively) completed a questionnaire that included demographic and clinical information, as well as questions about the severity of sleep apnea, dyspnea, and HRQOL. The severity of OSA, dyspnea, and HRQOL were assessed using the Berlin questionnaire, the Dyspnea-10 item (FACIT-Dyspnea), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30, respectively.Results: The severity of OSA and dyspnea exhibited negative correlations with HRQOL (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that several factors significantly impacted the HRQOL of lung cancer survivors. These included the extent of dyspnea (β=–0.369, p<0.01), weight loss (β=0.192, p<0.01), OSA score (β=−0.215, p<0.01), stage 2 cancer (β=−0.181, p<0.01), and poor perceived health status (β=−0.179, p<0.05).Conclusion: These findings suggest that breathing difficulties, including OSA and dyspnea, contribute to decreased HRQOL. This study offers valuable insights for researchers and clinicians, aiding in the development of effective strategies to manage these issues in daily life.
EXPERIMENTAL DEVICE FOR THE STUDY OF PERMANENT MAGNET ARRANGEMENTS
Authors: BODÓ Kinga , TUNYAGI Arthur R. , SIMON Alpár P.
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we present a complex experimental device used for the study of the magnetic field created by neodymium magnet arrangements, with emphasis on the series and parallel connection of those magnets. The measurements performed are suitable and useful for both high-school or college/university-level students.
A COMPARISON OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS TURBULENCE MODELS FOR DIFFERENT REYNOLDS NUMBERS FLOWS
Authors: GERGŐ K. , REDNIC Vasile , TURCU Romulus Valeriu Flaviu
Published: November 2024

The present research was made to improve the engineering perspective concerning the computational fluid dynamics method. The main purpose is to obtain the limits of different turbulence models and to establish which of them is the most suitable for different Reynolds number flows. The flow configuration was a typical one, named backward facing step, which is widely used to investigate flows experimentally and computationally. The study involves multiple stages, from creating the geometry and meshing the experimental model to simulating all the conditions to obtain sufficient data to compare the turbulence fluid flow models with experimental results.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION METHODS OF HYDROXYAPATITE
Authors: LUNG Claudiu , MARCONI Daniel , FEHER Tudor
Published: November 2024

This synthesis article expands on the applications of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on titanium dioxide (TiO2) substrates for biomedical applications, focusing on the methods of deposition and their impact on the material’s properties. Various techniques, including sol-gel, electrochemical deposition and ultrasonic spray-pyrolysis are discussed because of their ability to enhance the mechanical resistance, biocompatibility and osteointegration of implants. The analysis methods used are X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). They provide insights into the structural, chemical and physical characteristics of the HA coatings. The results indicate that these hybrid coatings significantly improve the performance and longevity of implants in orthopedic and dental applications.
FRIEDEL OSCILLATIONS IN A ONE-DIMENSIONAL NON-INTERACTING ELECTRON GAS IN THE PRESENCE OF TWO IMPURITIES
Authors: MÁTHÉ Levente , GROSU Ioan
Published: November 2024

Using the linear response theory, we analyze Friedel oscillations in a one-dimensional non-interacting electron gas in the presence of two impurities with different potential strengths. The impurities potentials are modelled using Dirac delta function, as well as Lorentzian and Gaussian distribution functions. Our findings show that density oscillations are strongly sensitive to both the distance between the impurities and their respective potential strengths.