bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The residence of the foreign medical experts in Macedonia during the World War I (1914-1918)
Authors: Janev Vladimir
Published: June 2020

During the World War I, several different armies were waging war at the territory of Macedonia. Throughout their stay, besides the conduct of military operations, they also had a military medical services as a part of their armies. It is interesting to note that professional military notes were written by military doctors, which were published in their countries after the World War I. Among the foreign medical experts was Isabel Galloway Emslie Hutton. She was a Scottish medical doctor who specialized in mental health and social work.
‘It is an Important Mission – Useful and National’ – White Spots in the History of the First Armenian Private School in Moskow
Authors: Pashova Anastasiya
Published: June 2020

In the paper I have analysed the relations between Russian imperial policy, the history of the school and the biographies of the Armenian family Lazarovi in the context of the Armenian liberation movement in 18th and 19th century. I have followed how the colonial Russian policy changed the statute of the first Armenian private school in Moscow and Russified it – the school was designed to be orientated mainly to Armenian students and teaching European languages but was transformed into Institute of Eastern Languages. The task of the paper is to answer the questions what, by whom, and why certain aspects of the history of the school were silenced in the Russian, Soviet and post – Soviet historiography; why the question of the periodization of the Lazarev Institute for Eastern Languages still is not sufficiently decided.
The Formation of the Azerbaijan Nation: Cultural and Language Policies
Authors: Vodenicharov Petar
Published: June 2020

The author follows the different stages of the formation of the Azerbaijan nation from the second half of the 19th century till the Second world war. From the sociolinguistic point of view the processes of language planning and policy during the different stages – pan-Islamism, pan – Turkism and Azerbaijanism, have been analysed. Special attention has been payed to the European influences on the culture and alphabet choice in Azerbaijan. The processes of cultural and language engineering in USSR during the time of building pseudo –nations defined by Stalin with the ambivalent notion „socialist in content and national in form„ has been analysed with special emphasis on the reasons for changing alphabets – Arabic, Latin, Cyrillic, and again Latin.
Assessing short-term outcomes of carotid artery stenting at Hue Central Hospital
Authors: Hoang Hai Phu
Published: June 2020

ASSESSING SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES OF CAROTID ARTERY STENTING AT HUE CENTRAL HOSPITAL

ABSTRACT
Stroke is an important medical problem in all countries of the world. Preventing stroke is a priority goal of community health programs and each individual. Carotid stenting is a less invasive alternative in comparison to surgery. This study was conducted on 19 patients with internal carotid artery stenosis, in which the stent was placed to recreate the flow, at Hue Central Hospital from January 2018 to January 2020. Results: Age was 61.1 ± 16.1 years, history stroke was 57.9%, hypertension was 78.8%, dyslipidemia was 68.4%, smoking was 57.9%, bilateral carotid lesion was 57.9%, the patients whose stenosis was ≥70% and ≥ 90% accounted for 100% and 47.4% respectively, the success of the procedure was 100%, blood flow to the brain improved (36.7%). There was no case with dangerous events such as embolism, infarction or cerebral hemorrhage. After 6 months, clinical outcomes and the prognosis improved according to NIHSS and mRS. No death or complication of cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage was reported.
Key words: carotid artery, stent, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage
Intellectual capital management control systems
Authors: Galabova Lidia , Daskalova Mina
Published: June 2020

Management control systems (MCS) are formal, information-based routines and procedures (Simon,1995) applied in strategic management practice. They are developed to help management balance thetension between organisational strategy and human behaviour. However, recent studies (Galabova, 2011;2014) have shown that along with tangible, intangible assets impact on organisational performance. Theaim of the paper is to propose a theoretical framework on how intangibles, and more specifically intellectualcapital elements: human, structural and relational capital can be embedded as a part of a contemporary managementcontrol system. To examine these, we present a literature review together with data from formerempirical studies. The paper will present a conceptual model on how human, structural and organisationalcapital could be monitored and controlled as an important part of MCSs.
Preparation of human capital for changes: empirical study
Authors: Soboń Janusz , Drozdowski Grzegorz , Rogozińska-Mitrut Joanna
Published: June 2020

The authors discuss a problem of analyzing the behavior of personnel participating in changes. A questionnaire, an interview and literature studies were used for the research carried out in 2019. The questionnaire was addressed to 132 employees of enterprises in the Lubusz Voivodeship of Poland. Particular attention was paid to establishing the form of involvement of the employees of the surveyed enterprises in the change process. In addition, the established self-assessment made it possible to present the participation of the surveyed staff in changes depending on the type of position held. The participation of employees in the changes was also determined in the empirical analysis due to the biographical variables included, i.e.: age, sex, seniority.
Sectoral risk assessment: a case of the Latvian forestry sector
Authors: Voronova Irina , Shatrevich Vladimirs
Published: June 2020

The present study provides an analysis of sectoral risk in the forestry sector and presents an overview of multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) for sector development assessment. The main aim of the paper is to determine the macroeconomic indicators and to assess sectorial risk, which is caused by unexpected macroeconomic and market changes. The paper presents a methodological framework for the analysis of sectoral level risk to assess the probability of the stable development of the industry and to determine the risk for the forestry sector (industry). Based on expert opinions and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the authors have identified and evaluated macroeconomic industry-level data indicators (factors) used to determine the development of the forestry sector. An analysis matrix with the defined and verified indicators (factors) is presented; the comparison between sectoral inicators and sectoral volatility is shown. In order to combine industry development indicators (factors) expressed in different units of meas-urement and to establish a comprehensive indicator of industry development, the statistical standardisation (normalisation) of indicators is performed.
Recent developments and challenges of the introduction of dual training for SMEs in countries around the Baltic Sea Region with a special emphasis on Lithuania
Authors: Hogeforster Max , Wildt Christian
Published: June 2020

The economy of the Baltic Sea Region is characterised by small and medium-sized enterprises. One of the main limitations to growth continues to be the lack of qualified personnel. Dual training as a form of work-based learning can promote the employability of young people in the long term and attract additional workforce. Based on a review of recent literature the status of VET and dual training in the selected countries of Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Russia are described. Complementary the first results of a recent survey of companies, schools and administrations is presented, that confirms that in most BSR countries companies are not engaged in dual education. The evaluation of the literature clearly shows that a lot has been done to encourage work-based learning in the Baltic Sea Region, but the survey indicates, that the legal changes and possibilities have yet not fully arrived at the companies that could provide train-ing spots.
Key performance indicators of compatibility process between knowledge workers and workplaces
Authors: Gaižauskienė Laura , Tunčikienė Živilė
Published: June 2020

The study in this article reveals the main structure of indicators that should be used in order to measure compatibility process in knowledge-intense organizations. Due to shift of management logic of Fit theory and extencively accepted presumption of talent shortage, management of compatibility became in highlight. Many research organizations and business sector companies are using key performance indicators for managing compatibility, but there is lack of data how successfully public sector companies are using them. Created and proposed methodology of assessment is a preparation step of empirical research. The systemic analysis of indicators which are used in managing compatibility between knowledge workersand workplaces solutions in a dynamic approach were investigated to create application technique.
An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation into the Formation of Ketene (H2CCO) and Ethynol (HCCOH) in Interstellar Analog Ices
Authors: Turner Andrew M. , Koutsogiannis Andreas S. , Kleimeier N. Fabian , Bergantini Alexandre , Zhu Cheng , Fortenberry Ryan C. , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: June 2020

The formation of isomers of C2H2O—ketene (H2CCO), ethynol (HCCOH), and oxirene (c-CHCHO)—was investigated in interstellar ice analogs composed of carbon monoxide and water. Using tunable photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to selectively ionize the isomer of interest, ketene and ethynol were detected as reaction products, but oxirene remains elusive. These findings demonstrate that organic compounds that are precursors to complex organic molecules can form without an organic source of carbon. Furthermore, we report the first plausible detection of ethynol in astrophysically relevant ices. These investigations were supported by theoretical calculations describing reaction energies, pathways, ionization energies, and harmonic frequencies.
Stabilizing Effect of Magnetic Helicity on Magnetic Cavities in the Intergalactic Medium
Authors: Candelaresi Simon , Sordo Fabio Del
Published: June 2020

We investigate the effect of magnetic helicity on the stability of buoyant magnetic cavities as found in the intergalactic medium. In these cavities we insert helical magnetic fields and test whether or not helicity can increase their stability to shredding through the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability and, with that, their lifetime. This is compared to the case of an external vertical magnetic field that is known to reduce the growth rate of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. By comparing a low-helicity configuration with a high-helicity one with the same magnetic energy, we find that an internal helical magnetic field stabilizes the cavity. This effect increases as we increase the helicity content. Stabilizing the cavity with an external magnetic field requires instead a significantly stronger field at higher magnetic energy. We conclude that the presence of helical magnetic fields is a viable mechanism to explain the stability of intergalactic cavities on timescales longer than 100 Myr.
HAWC J2227+610 and Its Association with G106.3+2.7, a New Potential Galactic PeVatron
Authors: Albert A. , Alfaro R. , Alvarez C. , Camacho J. R. Angeles , Arteaga-Velázquez J. C. , Arunbabu K. P. , Rojas D. Avila , Solares H. A. Ayala , Baghmanyan V. , Belmont-Moreno E. , BenZvi S. Y. , Brisbois C. , Caballero-Mora K. S. , Capistrán T. , Carramiñana A. , Casanova S. , Cotti U. , Cotzomi J. , de León S. Coutiño , De la Fuente E. , Diaz-Cruz L. , Dingus B. L. , DuVernois M. A. , Díaz-Vélez J. C. , Ellsworth R. W. , Engel K. , Espinoza C. , Fan K. L. , Fang K. , Alonso M. Fernández , Fleischhack H. , Fraija N. , Galván-Gámez A. , Garcia D. , García-González J. A. , Garfias F. , Giacinti G. , González M. M. , Goodman J. A. , Harding J. P. , Hernandez S. , Hinton J. , Hona B. , Huang D. , Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F. , Hüntemeyer P. , Iriarte A. , Jardin-Blicq A. , Joshi V. , Lee W. H. , Vargas H. León , Linnemann J. T. , Longinotti A. L. , Luis-Raya G. , Lundeen J. , Malone K. , Marinelli S. S. , Martinez O. , Martinez-Castellanos I. , Martínez-Castro J. , Matthews J. A. , Miranda-Romagnoli P. , Morales-Soto J. A. , Moreno E. , Mostafá M. , Nayerhoda A. , Nellen L. , Newbold M. , Nisa M. U. , Noriega-Papaqui R. , Omodei N. , Peisker A. , Araujo Y. Pérez , Pérez-Pérez E. G. , Rho C. D. , Rosa-González D. , Ruiz-Velasco E. , Salazar H. , Greus F. Salesa , Sandoval A. , Schneider M. , Schoorlemmer H. , Franco J. Serna , Sinnis G. , Smith A. J. , Springer R. W. , Surajbali P. , Tabachnick E. , Tanner M. , Tibolla O. , Tollefson K. , Torres I. , Torres-Escobedo R. , Ureña-Mena F. , Villaseñor L. , Weisgarber T. , Zepeda A. , Zhou H. , León C. de , Álvarez J. D. ,   (HAWC Collaboration)
Published: June 2020

We present the detection of very-high-energy gamma-ray emission above 100 TeV from HAWC J2227+610 with the High-Altitude Water Cherenov Gamma-Ray Observatory (HAWC) observatory. Combining our observations with previously published results by the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERTIAS), we interpret the gamma-ray emission from HAWC J2227+610 as emission from protons with a lower limit in their cutoff energy of 800 TeV. The most likely source of the protons is the associated supernova remnant G106.3+2.7, making it a good candidate for a Galactic PeVatron. However, a purely leptonic origin of the observed emission cannot be excluded at this time.
Two new genera and species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Borneo with remarks on the distribution of the tribe
Authors: Taszakowski Artur , Kim Junggon , Damken Claas , Wahab Rodzay A. , Herczek Aleksander , Jung Sunghoon
Published: June 2020

Two new genera, each represented by a single new species,Planicapitus luteusTaszakowski, Kim & Herczek,gen. et sp. nov.andBruneimetopus simulansTaszakowski, Kim & Herczek,gen. et sp. nov., are described from Borneo. Detailed photographs of male habitus and genital structures are presented. The checklist with distributional records for all known taxa of Gigantometopini is also provided.
A new millipede-parasitizing horsehair worm, Gordius chiashanus sp. nov., at medium altitudes in Taiwan (Nematomorpha, Gordiida)
Authors: Chiu Ming-Chung , Huang Chin-Gi , Wu Wen-Jer , Lin Zhao-Hui , Chen Hsuan-Wien , Shiao Shiuh-Feng
Published: June 2020

Gordius chiashanussp. nov., a newly described horsehair worm that parasitizes the Spirobolus millipede, is one of the three described horsehair worm species in Taiwan. It is morphologically similar to G. helveticus Schmidt-Rhaesa, 2010 because of the progressively broadening distribution of bristles concentrated on the male tail lobes, but it is distinguishable from G. helveticus because of the stout bristles on the mid-body. In addition, a vertical white stripe on the anterior ventral side and areoles on the inside wall of the cloacal opening are rarely mentioned in other Gordius species. Free-living adults emerged and mated on wet soil under the forest canopy in the winter (late November to early February) at medium altitudes (1100–1700 m). Mucus-like structure covering on the body surface, which creates a rainbow-like reflection, might endow the worm with high tolerance to dehydration. Although Gordius chiashanussp. nov. seems to be more adaptive to the terrestrial environment than other horsehair worm species, cysts putatively identified as belonging to this hairworm species found in the aquatic paratenic host, Ephemera orientalis McLachlan, 1875, suggest the life cycle of Gordius chiashanussp. nov. could involve water and land. The free-living adults emerged from the definitive hosts might reproduce in the terrestrial environment or enter an aquatic habitat by moving or being washed away by heavy rain instead of manipulating the behavior of their terrestrial definitive hosts.
Description of a new Barsine Walker, 1854 from India and Nepal (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini)
Authors: Volynkin Anton V. , Singh Navneet , Kirti Jagbir Singh , Datta Harvinder Singh
Published: June 2020

A new species, B. kirata Volynkin & N. Singh, sp. nov., similar to B. germana, is described from India and Nepal. The existence of two colour forms in some species of the genus Barsine Walker, 1854 is revealed. A new synonymy is established for Barsine germana (Rothschild, 1913), which includes two forms that were described as three different species: Barsine germana (Rothschild, 1913) (the yellow form) = B. valvalis Kaleka, 2003, syn. nov., and B. thomasi Kaleka, 2003, syn. nov. (the red-spotted forms).
Les régions françaises et le soutien aux territoires depuis 2016
Authors: Doré Gwénaël
Published: June 2020

La contractualisation des régions françaises avec les territoires de projet a connu des évolutions depuis 2016, à la suite des élections régionales de décembre 2015 et du changement de périmètre de certaines régions. Au panorama homogène de la contractualisation précédente, assise sur des territoires de projet organisés en pays, a succédé un paysage bigarré faisant reposer cette contractualisation tantôt sur des pays ou des Pôles d’Équilibre Territoriaux et Ruraux (PETR) qui en prennent la suite, tantôt sur des Établissements Publics de Coopération Intercommunale (EPCI) à fiscalité propre (communautés de communes ou d’agglomération), notamment à la suite de leur élargissement résultant de la loi NOTRe de 2015. Par ailleurs, une région a abandonné le soutien à l’ingénierie locale, cependant qu’une autre développe sa relation avec les territoires sur cette base. Nous nous attachons à analyser ces évolutions pour les régions de la France métropolitaine.
Narrativas vacunales y políticas de vacunación contra la poliomielitis en el contexto de la provincia de Alicante (1963-1978)
Authors: Toledo-Marhuenda José V. , Ballester Rosa
Published: June 2020

El análisis a pequeña escala es una vía de abordaje historiográfico que abrió, en su momento, nuevos caminos en la investigación. La proximidad del objeto de estudio, permite profundizar en los determinantes propios y específicos y en las reali­dades y prácticas, por ejemplo, de las campañas de inmunización masiva contra la poliomielitis diseñada a nivel nacional pero implementadas localmente, como en el estudio de caso que abordamos. Utilizando como modelo el ámbito sanitario provincial de Alicante, el trabajo añade datos para completar la información de proximidad sobre estas campañas y de ese modo, completar una visión de conjunto y un análisis comparado tanto en un ámbito externo como en un ámbito interno interterritorial, nacional y provincial, así como el seguimiento de las directrices dadas por los organismos nacionales e internacionales.
En segundo término, dotar de significado al conjunto de actividades llevadas a cabo por diferentes actores, instituciones y medios de comunicación, implicados en el proceso de implantación, cobertura y seguimiento de las campañas de vacunación contra la polio en el ámbito provincial alicantino. El uso de narrativas de personas afectadas por la enfermedad permite añadir elementos relevantes sobre experiencias personales en el contexto de las campañas vacunales.
Campañas de vacunación contra las enfermedades víricas en España durante el siglo XX: una visión desde la prensa (1951-1986)
Authors: Martín Espinosa Noelia M. , Caballero Martínez María Victoria , Mariño Gutiérrez Lourdes A.
Published: June 2020

Desde finales del siglo XIX, fue posible luchar contra varias de las enfermedades víricas (rabia, viruela, gripe, polio, sarampión, rubéola y parotiditis), que, a lo largo del siglo XX, afectaron masivamente a la población adulta e infantil, a través de programas de vacu­nación que se establecieron una vez que estuvieron disponibles vacunas seguras para prevenirlas. España fue adoptando estas medidas preventivas progresivamente, especialmente a partir de su incorporación a la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en 1951. Cuando se promulgó la Ley General de Sanidad, en 1986, algunas de estas enfermedades habían podido controlarse y/o eliminarse mediante la vacunación sistemática. El tratamiento que ha realizado la prensa nacional de estos hechos ha sido escasamente estudiado. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la repercusión en la prensa nacional de las campañas de vacunación contra estas enfermedades víricas hasta el año 1986 y comprobar si los medios de comunicación escritos reflejaron las medidas epidemiológicas globales adoptadas por la OMS para combatirlas. Junto a ello, estudiar su posible influencia, tanto en la puesta en marcha de políticas públicas de vacunación, como en el modo de transmitir dicha información a la población en los diferentes contextos sociopolíticos y científico-sanitarios cambiantes del periodo estudiado.
El Gobierno de las poblaciones: Augusto Orrego Luco y la Cuestión Social en Chile
Authors: Leyton Robinson César
Published: June 2020

Partiendo de dos textos fundamentales del médico chileno Augusto Orrego Luco: La cuestión social (1897) y su Discur­so de toma de posesión de su cargo de presidente de la Sociedad Médica (1895), se analiza las propuestas que este autor desa­rrollo sobre el papel de la ciencia en el gobierno de las poblaciones. Se presta atención a conceptos, como el de raza vagabunda en relación con la cuestión social, y racial, en el Chile de finales del siglo XIX y se identifican influencias científicas como el deter­minismo biológico y la teoría de la degeneración.
“Escrúpulos religiosos extremos” y delirio místico - religioso: entre la devoción cristiana y la psicopatología en Colombia, 1920-1960
Authors: Gutiérrez Avendaño Jairo
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: comprender la semiología del delirio místico-religioso y la incidencia del contenido sociocultural en la confi­guración de los síntomas en la psicopatología moderna en Colombia, 1920-1960. Metodología: investigación histórico-hermenéu­tica, mediante análisis de una serie de historias clínicas del antiguo Manicomio Departamental de Antioquia y del Asilo Psiquiátri­co San Isidro del Valle del Cauca. Resultados: entre las psicopatologías más recurrentes en las que se manifestaron los delirios se encuentra el grupo de las manías, principalmente la intermitente, psicosis maniaco-depresiva y melancolía; seguido por la esqui­zofrenia paranoide, y también fue frecuente en la psicosis puerperal o posparto; asimismo, se presentó en la parálisis general progresiva (neurosífilis) y en el síndrome cerebral agudo o estado de confusión agudo, nosografía moderna dada al delirio. Según las historias clínicas, la exaltación de ideas religiosas confluye en un delirio polimorfo. Los síntomas más recurrentes fueron las alucinaciones visuales y auditivas, logorrea o locuacidad, insomnio, negativismo alimentario acompañado de miedo a ser envene­nado, excitación psicomotora o hiperquinética, accesos de furia controlados con camisa de fuerza y otros medios de contención, intento de suicidio y tendencia a la fuga de la casa, por lo tanto, se consideraba de peligrosidad para sí mismos y para los demás.
Teoría y práctica de la medicina visigoda. Del enciclopedismo de Isidoro a la enfermería monástica
Authors: Díaz Pablo C.
Published: June 2020

Cuando leemos la obra enciclopédica de Isidoro de Sevilla da la sensación de que la medicina clásica había llegado al mundo visigodo plena de racionalidad, como un conocimiento erudito y bien asentado. Sin embargo, cuando se buscan las evi­dencias de la práctica médica esta resulta más difícil de atestiguar. El médico se presenta como una figura excepcional y sus cui­dados dirigidos a una minoría privilegiada. Cuando Isidoro enfrenta la enfermedad en su obra monástica parece claro que la salud del monje es objeto de su preocupación, pero enseguida apreciamos que su propio concepto de la enfermedad y sus causas ha tomado otros derroteros. La enfermedad ya no es solo una alteración del equilibrio del cuerpo, la enfermedad puede convertirse en una prueba de la desaprobación de Dios. Dentro de las opciones curativas propuestas por Isidoro en sus Etimologías: la dieta, el uso de medicamentos y la cirugía, solo la primera parece aplicarse en el contexto monástico. Esta opción, que es común al resto de la literatura ascética y de las reglas del entorno, deviene tanto en un vehículo de prevención de enfermedades, como en un objeto de disciplina moral y de control de la voluntad de los monjes.
Todos los instrumentos están en buen estado’. Disputas en torno al funcionamiento de los telescopios del Observatorio Astronómico Nacional de Chile en el siglo XIX
Authors: Sanhueza-Cerda Carlos , Valderrama Lorena B. , Meier Stefan , Soto José
Published: June 2020

El artículo analiza una controversia pública sobre el estado de los principales instrumentos del Observatorio Astronó­mico Nacional de Chile a fines del siglo XIX, las labores de reparación y mantención de estos y la producción científica de la institución. En la controversia participaron una amplia gama de actores, entre los que se encuentran miembros del Congreso Nacional, ministros de Estado, astrónomos, mecánicos y arquitectos. Este caso permite examinar la estrecha vinculación entre la esfera política y la tecnocientífica, evidenciándose en la administración, financiamiento, evaluación y fiscalización del quehacer del obser­vatorio astronómico. Acá podemos observar cómo el cuestionamiento sobre la calidad científica, como el estado de los instrumen­tos de la institución, enfrentó no solo los juicios, sino la autoridad de quienes los emitían. Por otro lado, esta controversia permi­te observar cómo la necesidad de crear tecnologías asociadas y adaptar los instrumentos astronómicos dio un protagonismo a mecánicos, ingenieros y arquitectos, actores muchas veces invisibles en comparación con los astrónomos.
La pastoral de los cuerpos: Pobreza, género y asistencia hospitalaria en Puerto Rico, 1812-1823
Authors: Salcedo Chirinos César Augusto
Published: June 2020

En este artículo se analizan los primeros intentos realizados por el Estado para implementar la beneficencia pública en Puerto Rico. Se argumenta que los liberales lucharon por adelantar sus políticas en favor de la población desposeída, pero que sus acciones se vieron limitadas por las dificultades que encontraron en la Isla, entre ellas la falta de las instituciones de caridad. En los dos primeros periodos constitucionales (1812-1814 y 1820-1823) se intentó actuar en favor de todos los pobres, pero solo se logró atender a los enfermos pobres en los hospitales de la ciudad de San Juan. En el desarrollo del artículo se muestra que du­rante el siglo XIX importó mucho el género para ingresar a los hospitales: en el primer periodo constitucional solamente se asis­tieron a los hombres en el Hospital Militar; las mujeres fueron atendidas en el segundo periodo constitucional, cuando el Estado consiguió administrar el Hospital de Pobres. A pesar de la intermitencia entre los proyectos políticos liberales y conservadores, se dieron los primeros pasos para comenzar a asistir a los enfermos puertorriqueños pobres en los hospitales de la ciudad.
Une analyse de la démultiplication des éthos dit et montré dans le discours du Bourget de François Hollande raconté par Laurent Binet
Authors: RABATEL Alain
Published: June 2020

Cet article analyse le discours du Bourget de François Hollande en 2012, qui marque l’ouverture de sa campagne présidentielle après sa victoire aux primaires, tel qu’il est scénarisé par Laurent Binet dans son récit de campagne, Rien ne se passe comme prévu. Il fait l’hypothèse que dans des textes – e.g. des récits, des articles de presse, etc. – dans lesquels on analyse l’éthos des acteurs de l’énoncé, et non celui de leur auteur, si le discours direct est en principe le vecteur principal de l’éthos, sa scénarisation dans le cadre d’un discours englobant (e.g. un récit) affecte considérablement sa co-construction. Il est plus juste dans ces conditions de parler non pas seulement d’une présentation de soi (ou éthos 1) via le discours direct, mais aussi d’une représentation scénarisée de l’éthos des locuteurs représentés, personnages ou personnalités (ou éthos 2). Partant de là, il propose de distinguer un éthos montré en appui sur des énonciations montrées (nommé éthos montré 1), dont est responsable le locuteur/énonciateur de son dire, et un éthos montré 2, dès lors que ses manifestations proviennent de la mise en scène du locuteur/énonciateur cité, par un locuteur/énonciateur citant surplombant. La démultiplication de l’éthos concerne aussi l’éthos dit, avec éthos dit 1 et éthos dit 2. Cette dissociation, qui souligne la nature de co-construction de l’éthos, est encore complexifiée par la prise en compte des destinataires, qui s’incorporent cet éthos, d’autant plus fortement qu’il repose sur des valeurs partagées. Une telle situation conduit à revenir d’une part sur les analyses des phénomènes de prise en charge, puisque, dans les cas d’éthos dit 2 et montré 2, on est fondé à se demander qui les prend en charge, l’énonciateur cité ou citant, voire les deux. Elle interroge d’autre part la responsabilité énonciative des énonciateurs dans l’activation des processus de croyance qui sont au fondement d’un éthos discursif partagé, privilégiant l’imaginaire des valeurs de gauche (éthos prédiscursif) et minorant les difficultés de leur mise en œuvre.
The Imprint of the War in Ford Madox Ford’s Critical Writings
Authors: BRASME Isabelle
Published: June 2020

Ford Madox Ford said of the year 1914 that it “seem[ed] to be cut in half” by the First World War (“Literary Portraits – LXIX”, 15). This phrase, one may argue, also largely applies to Ford’s personal timeline. Both his private life and his literary career were profoundly disrupted by the global conflict. In the early months of the First World War, Ford wrote prolifically about the future of literature and on a broader scope, of civilisation and human psychology; in his “Literary Portraits” that were published in Outlook, he showed remarkable prescience when it came to the consequences that the war would bear on the arts and on what he termed “the mind”. Yet when one examines the chronology of Ford’s non-fictional writing, and indeed of his literary work, one can sense a sharp dividing line that coincides with the moment when Ford enrolled in the British army in 1915, and was no longer a spectator from afar, but a direct witness of the unprecedented mass killing that was taking place on the front. His pre-war assertions gave way to questions; and as was the case with many other writers who took directly part in the hostilities, a decade elapsed before Ford succeeded in rendering his war experience in a novelistic form, through the Parade’s End tetralogy. This paper aims to examine Ford’s critical writing during the First World War, and to analyse the way in which he attempted to come to terms with the representational aporia that was triggered by his first-hand experience of battle. It focuses on Ford’s “Literary Portraits”; the pair of essays “A Day of Battle”, written in the Ypres Salient; “War and the Mind”, composed shortly after Ford’s return from the front; and the dedicatory letters to No More Parades, A Man Could Stand Up—, and Last Post. These allow us to explore how the impressionist technique which Ford started to theorise before the war, came to be renewed and refined in his post-war writing, trying as it does to render the inexpressible experience of the war.
Non-Fictional Interwar Narratives by English Writers
Authors: PUSCHMANN-NALENZ Barbara
Published: June 2020

The article presents a comparative reading of three nonfictional interwar narratives by British writers who are also well-known as authors of fiction or poetry. Siegfried Sassoon’s Memoirs of an Infantry Officer (1930) and Robert Graves’s Good Bye to All That (1929) present their authors’ experiences in war and peace times. Both had volunteered for the First World War and were deeply disillusioned about the meaninglessness of the sacrifice of lives. The borderlines between fiction and nonfiction often become blurred in these texts, despite their different conceptual approach. George Orwell’s Homage to Catalonia (1938) about the Spanish Civil War and the end of the 1930s connects his personal report about a war with his criticism of the conservative British establishment. His essay displays the writer’s engagement with politics and socialism added to his fascination with Spain. Aware of contemporaneous literary texts by the same writers my article aims at defining major counterdistinctive generic features of the different nonfictional narratives with their varying degree of fictionalisation.
“The time has come for a new word”: Katherine Mansfield’s Literary Ethics
Authors: BORREGO Alice
Published: June 2020

This article examines how Katherine Mansfield’s literary ethics and aesthetics were challenged by the First World War. Mainly focusing on her non-fictional writings, it suggests that the conflict led Mansfield to develop and call for an ethical responsibility towards her entire generation – a disposition that finds its expression in her fragmented literary technique. Dwelling on what Stephen Ross calls a modernist “ethical impulse to improve upon the status quo”, this article aims at showing how the war progressively led Mansfield to draw a modernist manifesto that advocated a “new word”.
Reconfigurations des formes canoniques du discours rapporté en milieu numérique : quelques exemples remarquables de discours directs
Authors: ROSIER Laurence
Published: June 2020

Cette contribution poursuit la réflexion entamée avec Francis Grossmann (Grossmann et Rosier 2016) concernant plus spécifiquement la reconfiguration des formes de discours rapportés « pré-numériques » à l’ère des technoformes ; elle montre la nécessité d’articuler des descriptions linguistiques « classiques » à des techno-conceptions des formes de DR. Les pratiques socio-numériques s’intègrent à la dimension circulante et messagère des discours qui est en quelque sorte une composante anthropologique de la communication. L’évolution de la pratique du DR comme discours de partage cohabite avec les formes originelles du DR qui se reconfigurent et sont augmentées par les liens hypertextuels à fonctions multiples. Les reprises, les partages, les commentaires polémisent les pratiques mêmes de rapporter/partager. En ce sens, il y a un changement majeur sur l’institutionnalisation et l’autorité de la parole circulante : elle ne va plus de soi, elle est diluée puisque tous les discours peuvent a priori circuler de façon identique, l’énoncé a donc besoin de validation par des remises en circulation qui sont autant de ré-énonciations.
(Non-)quoting and subjectivity in online discourse
Authors: VANDELANOTTE Lieven
Published: June 2020

This paper investigates a broad range of quotation practices in social media discourse. Many of these involve so-called non-quotative uses, in which the frame of a conversation or interaction is used fictively to portray and respond to existing attitudes and patterns of behaviour, rather than to actually quote any one specific utterance. Cases considered include Internet memes and tweets incorporating recognizably ‘quotative’ markers such as said no one ever, be like, quotation marks or other known quotation-marking devices, such as source indications preceded by a dash, as well as exchange patterns in which alternating speakers are introduced by means of (pro)nouns followed by colons. The analysis also extends to the many and varied uses of quote tweeting, in which a Twitter user retweets another user’s tweet while simultaneously adding a comment to it. This comment can take many different forms, including further (non-)quotation and more recently also visuals. Collectively the examples surveyed and analysed suggest online discourse reuses and innovates forms of quotation to express subjective responses in both humorous and more politically engaged contexts.
P, dit X / P, X says dans le genre journalistique : entre effacement et brouillage des niveaux d’énoncé
Authors: NITA Raluca
Published: June 2020

Nous abordons la question de la subjectivité dans la mise en place du discours rapporté en considérant une forme particulière de discours rapporté P, dit X / P, X says dans la presse. Elle pose le problème de la frontière entre récit et énoncé rapporté P par l’insertion tardive de son incise corrélée d’une part à l’absence de marqueurs (typographiques et énonciatifs) indiquant le statut rapporté de P et d’autre part à la participation de P à la structuration et au développement de l’objet du discours. En français et en anglais, c’est le genre journalistique qui oriente l’interprétation de P et rend caduque, dans la plupart des cas, la distinction énonciateur origine - énonciateur rapporté dans la prise en charge de P. Il s’agit de montrer l’oscillation de cette forme entre effacement et brouillage des frontières avec le récit selon la place occupée dans les textes journalistiques, selon la visée des articles (focalisés sur le compte rendu d’événements ou sur un protagoniste), selon des éléments de construction du discours rapporté (incise, marqueurs internes).
Velocity and absurdity in modern physics
Authors: Lundberg Randolph
Published: June 2020

When physicists write the variable v, they usually mean the velocity of an object in an inertial coordinate system, otherwise known as a reference frame. This is the most common velocity concept in modern physics. The velocity of an object in this sense depends on which inertial
coordinate system one is working with. For example, an airplane in flight has a velocity of about 500 miles per hour in a coordinate system anchored in a nearby mountain, a velocity of more than 60 000 miles per hour in a coordinate system anchored in the sun, and a velocity of 0 in
a coordinate system anchored in the airplane itself. The widely accepted idea that the ticking rate of a clock is a function of this type of clock velocity is absurd. It implies that a human analyst can control the ticking rates of physical clocks through the mental act of selecting a coordinate
system. This is a nonsensical mingling of imagination with reality that is akin to believing that a movie character can jump out of your television set and take a seat in your living room. Despite this absurdity, the idea that a clock’s ticking rate depends on its velocity in an inertial
coordinate system is a staple of modern physics. It is a pillar of Einstein’s special theory of relativity. It is central to the standard analysis of the so-called twin paradox. It underlies the predictions of Hafele and Keating concerning the ticking rates of clocks that travel in airplanes.
Velocity absurdity of this sort flourishes today, and it may well continue to flourish for many years to come.
Testable hypotheses by Isaac Newton on particle physics
Authors: Yock Philip
Published: June 2020

Three hundred years ago, Isaac Newton published a number of hypotheses on the structure of matter, which were ahead of their time by some two centuries. Speculations were made by Newton that may now be interpreted as precursors to fundamental elements of quantum mechanics and quantum
field theory. General features of the layered structure of matter that is now known to exist in the form of nucleons, nuclei, atoms, molecules, and macromolecules were successfully predicted, and hypotheses on self-similarity, simplicity, and purpose were made. In this essay, Newton’s
hypotheses are examined in the light of current understanding of matter at the subnucleonic scale. It is found that his hypotheses of self-similarity, simplicity, and purpose raise questions for the quarks and gluons of the current Standard Model (SM), but that various precursors to the SM
are more compliant. Experimental tests of the precursors using the Large Hadron Collider and the proposed Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN are described that could resolve the situation. In addition, it is suggested that Newton’s hypotheses could serve as the basis for the formulation
of one or more “postulates of particle physics” comparable to the postulates on which Einstein based his theories of relativity a century ago.
Sustainable Development and Consciousness Development
Authors: Green Nakita Bruno , Heaton Dennis
Published: June 2020

This chapter addresses how management education can propel the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by including tools for consciousness development within degree programs. Consciousness is the capacity to comprehend and care about the wholeness of life in ourselves, our society, and the natural world. Recent studies indicate that how individuals perceive challenges, formulate solutions, and collaborate with others is determined by their development of consciousness – that individuals functioning at higher levels of development are more likely to demonstrate sustainable leadership than those at lower states. To realize a sustainable world, universities must provide the necessary tools for students to transcend conventional thinking and experience higher states of consciousness. When the technologies of consciousness are included in management education, the world will realize a global shift towards a new sustainable paradigm.
Impact of Industry 4.0
Authors: Bhattacharya Paramita
Published: June 2020

Recent research findings indicate the need to transform the way human capital is utilized, given the technological disruption in the current business environment. This chapter aims to discuss the fundamental prerequisites necessary to bring this change, for instance, higher order critical thinking, complex problem solving, focusing on fluid intelligence, and adaptability, among others. The author also provides insights into how these changes can be successfully incorporated through cognitive diversity, hybrid competencies, and understanding millennia's changing values and integrate them in the learning process.
Life Cycle Inventory of Brazilian Natural Stones
Authors: Gadioli Monica Castoldi Borlini , Castro Nuria Fernández , Wandermurem Carlos Eduardo Ribeiro , Bellon Ualisson Donardelli
Published: June 2020

Brazil is one of the main producers and exporters of natural stones in the world. Aiming to contribute to environmental improvements, the life cycle inventory of Brazilian natural stones – LCI Stones was elaborated. This paper presents the results obtained along the LCI Stones project. The project was carried out according to the Brazilian methodology for the elaboration of inventories and to the 14040 and 14044 ISO standards. The study consists of two product systems: quarrying and processing (which is divided in two other subsystems: sawing and polishing), being the last one the main system of this study. The product considered is the polished slab. The data were collected within producing companies, comprising a representative time period for the inventory validation. All inputs and outputs of mass, water and energy as well as products and emissions, within the boundaries, were identified and quantified. The main difficulty found in the data collection was the lack of data control by the companies, mainly the water and energy consumption and polishing inputs. The results of the study showed that, among the stone production processes, gang saw cutting was the one with the most relevant impacts. On account of the rapid technological improvements during the last years, the LCI-Stones is being updated by CETEM.
Notes on the Poster “Map of Natural Stones from Sardinia (Italy)”
Authors: Careddu Nicola , Scanu Massimo , Desogus Paolo
Published: June 2020

Sardinia (Italy) produces a vast array of natural stones for ornamental use. Besides the internationally known pink and gray granites and the famous limestone known as Orosei marble, a wide range of vulcanites (basalts and “trachytes”) and phyllites - including yellow and ghiandone granites - are also produced. Orosei marbles are some of the most requested types today, which are marketed especially to China. However, there are a number of Sardinian natural stones, which have been quarried and marketed for fifty years, although no image or footage has been published yet: a mention of this natural stones has been only made in some old list of Sardinian stones. For this reason, authors suggested the publication of a poster (70 cm x 100 cm) showing a collection of natural stones quarried for ornamental purposes in Sardinia over the last fifty years. The poster includes a user-friendly map that has been adapted for school use and as a public resource in libraries. There are no previous publications showing a similar wide range of Sardinian stones. The poster offers scientific information about lithology, quarrying sites, dimension stone producing areas, quarries of historical and/or archaeological interest, historical trend in quarries output, technical properties, stone surface workability and a glossary.
Nature Conservation, Land Use Planning and Exploitation of Ornamental Stones - The Case Study of Cabeça Veada (Portugal)
Authors: Carvalho Jorge M.F. , Meira João , Marques Célia , Machado Susana , Mergulhão Lia Morais , Cancela Jorge Frazão
Published: June 2020

Cabeça Veadais the name of a relatively small exploitation cluster for ornamental limestones occupying an area of 98 ha in the Portuguese Natural Park of Serra de Aire e Candeeiros, which is also a Natura 2000 Network protected area. Supported by comprehensive geological, mining and environmental studies, a specific methodology was developed in order to address the compatibility between the long term sustainability of this industry with the preservation of existing protected natural values. The obtained land use map should allow theCabeça Veadamineral resources to be adequately included in the municipal land use planning process.
Development and assessment of the psychometric properties of a new scale (15 item PSB-CL) to monitor the psychosocial burden of chronic lymphoedema in filariasis
Authors: Ruben J. , Yahathugoda T. C. , Weerasooriya M. V. , Punchihewa M. W. , Senadheera C. , Somasiri K. G. , Perera B.
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Chronic lymphoedema (CL) of lymphatic filariasis causes severe psychosocial burdens (PSB) to its victims. Currently-established scales to measure PSB of CL are not culturally adaptable to Sri Lankan patients. In this study, we developed and assessed the psychometric properties of a disease-specific questionnaire (15 item PSB-CL). Methods and Results: A detailed literature search was done to identify scales related to PSB of CL patients. Questions were developed through collected expressions from semi-structured interviews with 46 CL patients. A response scale was developed from the collected pool of possible responses, and they were scored using a visual analogue scale. Face and content validity were carried out using an initial questionnaire (31 questions). They were reduced to 27 by removing unclear, ambiguous, double-stranded ones and those with value-laden words. This new questionnaire was administrated on 92 patients by a group of doctors for item reduction by the analysis of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.7) and factor analysis (Principal Component Analysis; Eigenvalues > 1). After the patient survey and factor analysis, the final questionnaire PSB-CL was formed with 15 questions that had four subscales (factors), physical, social, fear and humiliation. Patients (n=92) reported quite a large percentage (42% - 69%) of problems under each dimension. Conclusion: The scale to measure the psychosocial burden of chronic lymphoedema in lymphatic filariasis patients in Sri Lanka. Further validation of the tool is needed.