bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishing non-zero energy currents with the one-way street phenomenon and other symmetry properties in boundary driven spin systems
Authors: de Paula Jr Alberto L , Pereira Emmanuel
Published: August 2022

The aim of this paper is the investigation of properties of the energy current of usual (frequently found in the literature) boundary driven spin systems. For inhomogeneous Heisenberg (XXZ and XXX) spin chains, we numerically compute the steady state, in the absence of an external magnetic field, and confirm the previously shown occurrence of the one-way street phenomenon, precisely, there is a nonzero energy current that preserves its magnitude and direction as we invert the baths at the edges, an effect stronger than the perfect rectification (which means current in a direction and zero current as we invert the baths). The consideration of several different polarizations at the edges reestablishes that it is a ubiquitous phenomenon. And, even for these inhomogeneous versions of spin chains, we also establish, by analytical methods, other symmetry properties of the energy current and confirm them by numerical computations.
Molecular dynamics study on the contribution of anisotropic phonon transmission to thermal conductivity of silicon
Authors: Cheng Chao , Wang Shaoqing
Published: August 2022

The analysis of the contribution of anisotropic phonon transmission to thermal conductivity is helpful to focus on high-energy phonons in heat transport. We calculated a series of anharmonic phonon properties and heat transport properties of Si by Fourier projection method from atomic trajectories. Under this theoretical scheme, we have obtained very consistent results with the experimental data through very low computational cost, especially the anharmonic phonon properties at high temperature. We carefully analyze the contribution of different phonons to thermal conductivity and the anisotropic feature of phonon. It is found that the longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonons have the special thermal broadening near the point L at the boundary of the Brillouin zone. The optical phonons cannot be safely ignored in the study of heat transport, especially the longitudinal optical phonon that shows a large contribution to thermal conductivity at room temperature. The thermal conductivity contribution of different phonons varies with temperature. The anisotropic features of the contribution of different phonons to thermal conductivity are mainly reflected in the short-wavelength phonons. Our work explains the reason why other research works have different opinions on whether LA phonon is the main contributor of thermal conductivity. These investigations also provide insights for further understanding phonon heat transport and distribution of high-energy phonons.
Preparation of mango peel-waste pectin-based nanofibers by solution blow spinning (SBS)
Authors: Martin Alvin Mar V , Flores Dharyl C , Siacor Francis Dave C , Taboada Evelyn B , Tan Noel Peter B
Published: August 2022

An essential prerequisite for successful solution blow spinning (SBS) is the presence of effective molecular entanglements of polymers in the solution. However, the fabrication of biopolymer fibers is not as straightforward as synthetic polymers. Particularly for biopolymers such as pectin, molecular entanglements are essential but insufficient for successful spinning through the SBS production method. Such a challenge is due to the biopolymer’s complex nature. However, incorporating an easily spinnable polymer precursor, such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN), to pectin effectively enabled the production of fibers from the SBS process. In this process, PAN-assisted pectin nanofibers are produced with average diameters ranging from 410.75 ± 3.73 to 477.09 ± 6.60 nm using a feed flow rate of 5 ml h−1, air pressure of 3 bars, syringe tip to collector distance at 30 cm, and spinning time of 10 min. PAN in DMSO solvent at different volume ratios (i.e. 35%–55% v/v) was critical in assisting pectin to produce nanofibers. The addition of a high molecular weight polymer, PAN, to pectin also improved the viscoelasticity of the solution, eventually contributing to its successful SBS process. Furthermore, the composite SBS-spun fibers obtained suggest that its formation is concentration-dependent.
Temperature controllable Goos–Hänchen shift and high reflectance of monolayer graphene induced by BK7 glass grating
Authors: Lu Delian , Shanshan Ma , Zhu Xiaojun , Da Haixia
Published: August 2022

BK7 glass has an unusual temperature-dependent refractive index and thickness, which provides a promising platform for uncovering the temperature-related optical phenomena and applications. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that monolayer graphene based BK7 glass grating structure has two Goos–Hänchen (GH) peaks with respective magnitudes of

2564
λ

and

1993
λ
,

and their corresponding reflectances are also high. The electromagnetic field distribution in this structure directly reveals that the enhanced GH shifts can be ascribed to the excitation of the guide mode resonances in the waveguide dielectric layer below BK7 glass grating structure and their high reflectances are granted by the constructive interferences between the reflected waves. In addition, the magnitudes of the GH peaks can be controlled by the temperature of BK7 glass as well as the chemical potential of monolayer graphene. We also evaluate the temperature sensing property of this structure based on the GH shifts and find that its maximum temperature sensitivity can be up to

5.0017
×

10

4

μ
m

°

C

−
1

.

The enhanced and controlled GH shift presented in monolayer graphene based BK7 glass grating structure shows promise for the applications, such as, optical sensors, temperature sensors, and optoelectronic detectors.
Zirconia-supported cobalt nanoparticles as high-performance sulfur cathode for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: He Zongke , Li Jing , Zhang Jinghan , Zhao Xinnan , Wang Xiaochen , Wan Tongtao , Wu Changcheng , Liu Guihua
Published: August 2022

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is now a promising technology for energy storage. However, rapid capacity decay due to sulfur dissolution and shutting effect severely limit its commercial development. In this work, a NH2-UIO-66 metal organic framework-derived porous composite (Co-ZrO2@NC) consists of nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) and zirconium oxide (ZrO2) loaded with cobalt nanoparticles was prepared. The porous NC component not only increases the accommodation of sulfur in the cathode, but also benefits the charge transfer in sulfur electrochemistry. The Co and ZrO2 would act as active centers to enhance the adsorption/conversion of lithium polysulfide and improve its electrochemical utilization. When used in sulfur cathode, the Co-ZrO2@NC electrode shows excellent electrochemical performance with an initial specific capacity of 1073 mAh g−1 at a rate of 0.2 C and a reversible capacity of 1015 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles, corresponding to a capacity retention of 94.6%. Furthermore, after 300 cycles at 1.0 C, corresponding to a capacity retention of 75.4%. Moreover, the cell also exhibits good rate performance (640 mAh g−1 at 3.0 C). Even at high sulfur loading of 4.0 mg cm−2, the S/Co-ZrO2@NC cathode is able to deliver an areal specific capacity of 4.8 mAh cm−2.
Turbulent cascades for a family of damped Szegő equations
Authors: Gérard Patrick , Grellier Sandrine , He Zihui
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we study the transfer of energy from low to high frequencies for a family of damped Szegő equations. The cubic Szegő equation has been introduced as a toy model for a totally non-dispersive degenerate Hamiltonian equation. It is a completely integrable system which develops growth of high Sobolev norms, detecting transfer of energy and hence cascades phenomena. Here, we consider a two-parameter family of variants of the cubic Szegő equation and prove that, adding a damping term unexpectedly promotes the existence of turbulent cascades. Furthermore, we give a panorama of the dynamics for such equations on a six-dimensional submanifold.
Global unique solvability of inhomogeneous incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with nonnegative density
Authors: Zhang Jianzhong , Shi Weixuan , Cao Hongmei
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we consider the initial-boundary value problem to the inhomogeneous incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in

Ω
⊂

R

2

. The initial density is allowed to be nonnegative, and in particular, the initial vacuum is allowed. The global existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved, for any initial data

(

ρ

0

,

u

0

)

∈

L

∞

×

H

0

s

with s > 0, which constitutes a positive answer to the question raised by Danchin and Mucha (2019 Commun. Pure Appl. Math.
72 1351–85), in which the initial velocity

u

0

∈

H

0

1

(see also Li (2017 J. Differ. Equ.
263 6512–36).
Reducibility of 1D quantum harmonic oscillator with decaying conditions on the derivative of perturbation potentials
Authors: Liang Zhenguo , Wang Zhiqiang
Published: August 2022

We prove the reducibility of 1D quantum harmonic oscillators in

R

perturbed by a quasi-periodic in time potential V(x, ωt) under the following conditions, namely there is a C > 0 such that

|
V

(

x
,
θ

)

|
⩽
C
,

|
x

∂

x

V

(

x
,
θ

)

|
⩽
C
,

∀

(

x
,
θ

)

∈
R
×

T

σ

n

. The corresponding perturbation matrix

(

P

i

j

(

θ

)

)

is proved to satisfy

(

1
+
|
i
−
j
|

)

|

P

i

j

(

θ

)

|
⩽
C

and

i
j

|

P

i
+
1

j
+
1

(

θ

)

−

P

i

j

(

θ

)

|
⩽
C

for any

θ
∈

T

σ

n

and i, j ⩾ 1. A new reducibility theorem is set up under this kind of decay in the perturbation matrix element

P

i

j

(

θ

)

as well as the discrete difference matrix element

P

i
+
1

j
+
1

(

θ

)

−

P

i

j

(

θ

)

. For the proof the novelty is that we use the decay in the discrete difference matrix element to control the measure estimates for the thrown parameter sets.
Bowen’s equations for upper metric mean dimension with potential
Authors: Yang Rui , Chen Ercai , Zhou Xiaoyao
Published: August 2022

Firstly, we introduce a new notion called induced upper metric mean dimension with potential, which naturally generalises the definition of upper metric mean dimension with potential given by Tsukamoto to more general cases, then we establish variational principles for it in terms of upper and lower rate distortion dimensions and show there exists a Bowen’s equation between induced upper metric mean dimension with potential and upper metric mean dimension with potential. Secondly, we continue to introduce two new notions, called BS metric mean dimension and packing BS metric mean dimension on arbitrary subsets, to establish Bowen’s equations for Bowen upper metric mean dimension and packing upper metric mean dimension with potential on subsets. Besides, we also obtain two variational principles for BS metric mean dimension and packing BS metric mean dimension on subsets. Finally, the special interest about the Bowen upper metric mean dimension of the set of generic points of ergodic measures are also involved.
Electromagnetic and fast ions effects as a key mechanism for turbulent transport suppression at JET
Authors: Garcia J
Published: August 2022

JET has provided a test bed over the last ten years for detailed studies of the influence of electromagnetic (EM) and fast ion effects on transport, turbulence and energy confinement. This paper reviews the important synergy between experimental results and high performance computing simulations, which has allowed to unveil the extraordinary role of EM and fast ion effects to reduce or even suppress ion heat transport. These results are essential to understand future DT burning plasmas dominated by fusion born alpha particles.
Doublet splitting of fusion alpha particle driven ion cyclotron emission
Authors: Cook J W S
Published: August 2022

Ion cyclotron emission (ICE) originating from confined populations of fast ions in toroidal fusion plasmas is an important non-invasive, passive diagnostic for current and next-generation devices. The ability to model ICE signals accurately is an essential step towards inferring the characteristics of confined energetic alpha particles or fast neutral beam ions and background plasma. In this paper, the linear growth rates of the magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability, which is the leading explanation for ICE, are calculated in high-resolution 2D

(

k
⊥

,

k
∥

)

space for parameters corresponding to JET Pulse No. 26148. These calculations further highlight the origin of doublet splitting of the cyclotron harmonics and the perceived need to invoke nonlinear interactions with 1D3V particle-in-cell studies to account for lower harmonics with substantial amplitudes. The inclusion of signals of ICE from a well-resolved range of propagation angles can also account for these effects.
Correlation between cyclic topology and shape memory properties of an amine-based thermoset shape memory polymer: a coarse-grained molecular dynamics study
Authors: Nourian Pouria , Wick Colin D , Li Guoqiang , Peters Andrew J
Published: August 2022

Defects in crosslinked networks have a negative effect on mechanical and functional properties. In this study, an epoxy resin diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A crosslinked by a hardener 4,4-diaminodiphenyl methane with various cyclic topologies was simulated to find correlations between the mechanical/shape memory properties (i.e. glassy/rubbery elastic modulus, shape recovery ratio, and recovery stress) and cyclic topologies (i.e. number of total loops, number of defective loops (DLs), etc). The effect of cyclic topology on shape memory properties was more significant than its effect on mechanical properties, altering recovery stress by more than 25% on average. After analyzing several topological fingerprints such as total number of loops, number of DLs, and number of higher order loops, we found that the effect of cyclic topology on the mechanical/shape memory properties of the systems can be best understood by the fraction of hardeners reacted with four distinct epoxy molecules (tetra-distinctly-reacted (TDR) hardeners). By increasing the number of TDR hardeners, the network is closer to ideal, resulting in an increase in the number of higher order loops and a reduction in the number of DLs, which in turn leads to an increase in rubbery elastic modulus and shape recovery ratio to a lesser degree, but a substantial increase in recovery stress. These results suggest that utilization of experimental techniques such as semibatch monomer addition, which leads to a more expanded and defect-free network, can result in a simultaneous increase in both shape recovery ratio and recovery stress in thermoset shape memory polymers (TSMPs). Moreover, topology alteration can be used to synthesize TSMPs with improved recovery stress without significantly increasing their stiffness.
Critical behavior and magnetic entropy change of skyrmion host Co7Zn8Mn5
Authors: Yang Xiaojun , Pan Junxiao , He Xiangyu , Liu Shijiang , Jia Hong , Cao Leiming , Yang Mao
Published: August 2022

The magnetic properties of a β-Mn-type alloy Co7Zn8Mn5, which is a chiral magnet hosting skyrmion phase, are comprehensively investigated, exhibiting a ferromagnetic transition around 184 K and a spin freezing near 20 K. The generated Rhodes–Wolfarth ratio equals 1.10, which indicates a weak itinerant character of the ferromagnetism in Co7Zn8Mn5. The spin dynamics of the spin freezing agrees with the universal scaling law of critical slowing down with τ
0 = 1.7 × 10−5 s, T
g = 20.2 K, and zν = 3.92. Critical exponents β = 0.423(1) and γ = 1.366(4) are deduced by the modified Arrott plot, whereas δ = 4.22(2) is obtained by a critical isotherm analysis. The validity of the deduced critical exponents is verified by the Widom scaling relation and the scaling hypothesis. The boundary between the first-order and the second-order phase transition is evaluated by a scaling analysis. The magnetic interaction, obtained by a renormalization group theory, decays with distance r as J(r) ≈ r
−4.9, lying between the mean-field model and the 3D Heisenberg model. The analyses on critical behavior could shed new light on the origin of ferromagnetism and topological Hall effect. Moreover, the magnetic entropy change −ΔS
M exhibits a maximal value around T
C, and the peak position gradually raises with an increasing fields, eliminating the mean-field model. The

−
Δ

S

M

max

features a power-law behavior with n > 2/3, excluding any universal standard models of ferromagnetism. The −ΔS
M(T, H) plots can be scaled into a universal curve, further verifying the reliability and accuracy of the yielded critical exponents.
Electronic properties of Cu2(Zn, Cd)SnS4 determined by the high-field magnetotransport
Authors: Lähderanta Erkki , Hajdeu-Chicarosh Elena , Kravtsov Victor , Shakhov Mikhail A , Stamov Vladimir N , Bodnar Ivan V , Arushanov Ernest , Lisunov Konstantin G
Published: August 2022

Resistivity, ρ(T), and magnetoresistance (MR) are investigated in the Cu2Zn1−x
Cd
x
SnS4 single crystals for compositions x ≡ Cd/(Zn + Cd) = 0.15–0.24, in the temperature range of T ∼ 50–300 K in pulsed magnetic fields of B up to 20 T. The Mott variable-range hopping (VRH) conductivity is established within wide temperature intervals lying inside ΔT
M ∼ 60–190 K for different x. The deviations from the VRH conduction, observable above and below ΔT
M, are connected to the nearest-neighbor hopping regime and to the activation on the mobility threshold of the acceptor band (AB) with width W ≈ 16–46 meV. The joint analysis of ρ(T) and positive MR permitted determination of other important electronic parameters. These include the localization radius, α ≈ 19–30 Å, the density of the localized states, g(μ) ≈ (1.6–21) × 1017 meV−1 cm−3 at the Fermi level μ, and the acceptor concentration, N
A ∼ (6–8) × 1019 cm−3, for various x and in conditions of different vicinity of the investigated samples to the metal–insulator transition. In addition, details of the AB structure, including positions of μ and of the mobility threshold, E
c, are found depending on the alloy composition.
Axion-like particle generation in laser-plasma interaction
Authors: Huang Shan , Shen Baifei , Bu Zhigang , Zhang Xiaomei , Ji Liangliang , Zhai Shuhua
Published: August 2022

The hypothetical axion and axion-like particles, feebly coupled with photon, have not yet been found in any experiment. With the improvement of laser technique, much stronger but shorter quasi-static electric and magnetic fields can be created in laboratory using laser-plasma interaction, compared to the fields of large magnets, to help the search of axion. In this article, we discuss the feasibility of ALPs exploration using planarly or cylindrically symmetric laser-plasma fields as background and an x-ray free-electron laser as probe. Both the probe and the background fields are polarized such that the existence of ALPs in the corresponding parameter space will cause polarization rotation of the probe, which can be detected with high accuracy. Besides, a structured field in the plasma creates a tunable transverse profile for the interaction and improves the signal-to-noise ratio via phase-matching mechanism. The ALP mass discussed in this article ranges from 10−3 eV to 1 keV. Some simple schemes and estimations on ALP production and polarization rotation of probe photon are given, which reveals the possibility of future laser-plasma ALP source in laboratory.
The Far Ultra-violet Background
Authors: Kulkarni S. R.
Published: August 2022

The diffuse far-ultraviolet (FUV) background has received considerable attention from astronomers since the 1970s The initial impetus came from the hope of detecting UV radiation from the hot intergalactic medium. The central importance of the FUV background to the physics (heating and ionization) of the diffuse atomic phases motivated the next generation of experiments. The consensus view is that the diffuse FUV emission at high latitudes has three components: stellar FUV reflected by dust grains (diffuse galactic light or DGL), FUV from other galaxies and the intergalactic medium (extra-galactic background light or EBL) and a component of unknown origin (and referred to as the “offset” component). During the 1980s, there was some discussion that decaying dark matter particles produced FUV radiation. In this paper I investigate production of FUV photons by conventional sources: line emission from Galactic Hot Ionized Medium, two-photon emission from the Galactic Warm Ionized Medium and low-velocity shocks, and Lyman-β fluorescence of hydrogen at several locales in the Solar System (the interplanetary medium, the exosphere and the thermosphere of Earth). I conclude that two thirds and arguably all of the offset component can be explained by the sum of the radiation from the processes listed above.
Predicting tungsten erosion and leakage properties for the new V-shaped small angle slot divertor in DIII-D
Authors: Sinclair G. , Maurizio R. , Ma X. , Abrams T. , Elder J.D. , Guo H.Y. , Thomas D.M. , Leonard A.W.
Published: August 2022

Impurity transport modeling of the new tungsten (W)-coated, V-shaped small angle slot (SAS) divertor in the DIII-D tokamak was conducted using the SOLPS-ITER plasma edge code package and the DIVIMP impurity tracking code. The inboard baffle of the current SAS divertor will be shifted closer to the outboard baffle, creating a V-corner at the slot vertex. In addition, the outboard baffle will be coated with 10–15 μm of W for experiments studying high-Z sourcing and leakage in a closed divertor. Modeling of the ‘SAS-VW’ divertor predicts that these changes to the inner baffle will reduce W gross erosion by 40× relative to the existing SAS divertor when the outer strike point (OSP) is at the V-corner and the ion B × ∇B drift is towards the divertor, driven primarily by significant cooling near the slot vertex. Most W erosion in SAS-VW is expected to occur near the slot entrance, which may pose a higher risk to core contamination than W eroded deeper in the slot. Adding a new sheath-based prompt redeposition model outlined in Guterl et al (2021 Nucl. Mater. Energy
27 100948) increases the sensitivity of redeposition estimates to near-target plasma conditions and may provide more accurate predictions of net erosion. Moving the OSP outboard from the slot vertex ∼4 cm onto the W-coated region yields a 40× increase in the gross erosion rate and a 50% decrease in the core leakage fraction. Thus slight variations in strike point location may counteract the potential benefits of the tightly-baffled V slot on minimizing erosion. This impurity transport modeling provides useful guidance for future experiments on the SAS-VW divertor focused on high-Z erosion/redeposition, scrape-off layer transport, and core leakage.
Exact hydrodynamic description of symmetry-resolved Rényi entropies after a quantum quench
Authors: Scopa Stefano , Horváth Dávid X
Published: August 2022

We investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics of the symmetry-resolved Rényi entropies in a one-dimensional gas of non-interacting spinless fermions by means of quantum generalised hydrodynamics, which recently allowed to obtain very accurate results for the total entanglement in inhomogeneous quench settings. Although our discussion is valid for any quench setting accessible with quantum generalised hydrodynamics, we focus on the case of a quantum gas initially prepared in a bipartite fashion and subsequently let evolve unitarily with a hopping Hamiltonian. For this system, we characterise the symmetry-resolved Rényi entropies as function of time t and of the entangling position x along the inhomogeneous profile. We observe an asymptotic logarithmic growth of the charged moments at half system and an asymptotic restoration of equipartition of entropy among symmetry sectors with deviations which are proportional to the square of the inverse of the total entropy.
Effect of the film thickness on electron stimulated desorption yield from Ti-Zr-V coating
Authors: Gao Y. , Malyshev O.B. , Valizadeh R. , Wang J. , Hannah A. , Hu Y.C. , Zhang J. , Sun Q.Y. , Si Q.Y. , Wang S.
Published: August 2022

With the benefits of evenly distributed pumping, low thermal outgassing rate and low photon-/electron-/ion stimulated desorption yields, non-evaporable getter (NEG) coating has been widely used in particle accelerators for many years. Our earlier work has demonstrated the different thickness of Ti-Zr-V coating in the range of 0.1–1 μm affects its pumping properties. In this study, the electron stimulated desorption (ESD) yields were studied for Ti-Zr-V coating deposited from a twisted target with its thickness less than 0.5 μm, while an uncoated sample was also measured as a reference. The ESD yields for H2, CH4, CO and CO2 were measured as a function of electron accumulated dose up to ∼2 × 1024 e-/m2 followed bakeout/activation by heating to 80, 120, 140, 180 and 250°C. After each ESD experiment the samples were full saturated with a mix of H2, CO and CO2. Both NEG coated samples demonstrate lower values in comparison to the uncoated one after heating/activation to temperatures up to 180°C for H2, up to 250°C for CH4, up to 140°C for CO and 120°C for CO2. The activation to 140°C is the most efficient way to reach lower pressure and avoid quick aging of the NEG coating. The thinner NEG coating provides a significantly lower ESD yield in comparison to the thicker one only after activation to 180°C, while their ESD yields are almost identical for each gas at the lower temperature.
Analytical scaling of Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer for Point of Care Applications
Authors: Mehta Khushbu , Minhas Ashudeep , Kaur Maninder , Bansal Deepak
Published: August 2022

The best way to combat a disease is its early detection. A low-cost portable point of care (POC) device is required for early disease detection. A mass spectrometer (MS) is a golden analytical technique to diagnose many diseases. Conventional mass spectrometers are bulky and costly and limited to expensive laboratory setups. In the present paper, a POC-type quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) system is proposed for the early detection of diseases. The main component of QMS that makes it bulky and costly is the vacuum system. The length of the quadrupole filter determines its resolution, and the vacuum level is a function of its length. Hence, both length and vacuum levels are optimized without compromising resolution. The size of the quadrupole rods is reduced to 26 mm at 0.1 pascal pressure for portable applications. This optimized QMF is designed and simulated in COMSOL Multiphysics. The system's vacuum level is designed so that a single rotary pump can serve the purpose without any turbopump. A closed-form expression for mass resolution, pressure, and frequency is also derived.
On the seasonality of long-range transport of acidic pollutants in East Asia
Authors: Chang Chung-Te , Wang Lixin , Wang Lih-Jih , Liu Chiung-Pin , Yang Ci-Jian , Huang Jr-Chuan , Wang Chiao-Ping , Lin Neng-Huei , Lin Teng-Chiu
Published: August 2022

East Asia currently has the largest SO2 and NO
x
emissions in the world. The long-range transport (LRT) of acidic pollutants in this region is of great concern but the extent is not well understood. Here results from combined long-term (⩾20 years) atmospheric deposition monitoring and air trajectory analysis in East Asia were reported. The results showed that despite the large decrease of SO2 and NO
x
emissions in Taiwan, annual deposition of non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-

SO

4

2
−

) in northern Taiwan showed no decreasing trend during 1994–2020. However, when divided seasonally, both nss-

SO

4

2
−

and nitrate (

NO

3
−

) deposition had a significant decreasing trend in the summer but not in the winter. Similar patterns were found for Japan and Korea. Air trajectory models in combination with a regional emission map indicate that LRT from eastern China contributed up to 70% of the winter deposition of nss-

SO

4

2
−

and

NO

3
−

in Taiwan and up to 50% in Japan and Korea. The results indicate that LRT obscured the efficacy of local pollution control measures in East Asia and suggest that transboundary air pollution regulations are required to combat acid deposition.
Justification of the parameters of the information model of the automatic guidance system of the cotton harvester
Authors: Abdazimov A D , Omonov N N , Khudayorov M T
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to building an information model and substantiating the parameters of the object of study, which is the debut of scientific research on the use of a new chamber technology in the system of automatic movement along the rows of cotton in order to increase the efficiency of the cotton picker. In addition, the article provides information on the factors affecting the automatic guidance system, the work done earlier to improve the automatic guidance system. Automatic accounting system observation through the camera is a target function for assessing the quality of work, analysis of various factors affecting the automatic guidance system, the areas of change in the values of the factors are determined.
Modelling movement of pull-up spring of cotton harvesting apparatus
Authors: Abdazimov A D , Atajanova M M , Azimov B M , Saytov U A
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the modeling of the movement of the pull-up spring, which is pulling the drive frames of new construction of the frame of cotton harvesting apparatus, ensuring the stability of technological parameters. The realization of the developed mathematical models made it possible to determine the values of the transition process of motion of an object and obtain results that characterize the motion of the pull-up spring by solving the equation of motion based on the coefficients of friction and stiffness of the pull-up spring.
Improvement of industrial town landscaping system
Authors: Asfandiyarova L R , Khakimova G V , Il’in V M
Published: August 2022

Air environment status is the most serious problem in the town of Sterlitamak (Russian Federation). The situation is aggravated by the fact that in the conditions of industrial town exist some unfavorable factors. They contribute to the accumulation of emissions from industrial facilities and transport means in the open air. An integrated approach is required to effectively address air basin pollution. This approach should provide for reliable assessment of the air pollution, as well as the development and creation of the systems for monitoring and managing the quality of air basin of the district, the town and the adjacent territory. The article describes the current state of landscaping in Sterlitamak. A lag in the pace of landscaping from the pace of construction which leads to the unsatisfactory state of atmospheric air is revealed. The issues of formation of full-fledged human habitat, in particular, landscaping of territories, are considered. The methods of the monitoring and structuring green spaces which allow increasing in the level of ecological comfort of the environment of industrial town are substantiated. The measures of improving the state of the atmospheric air, such as introduction of unified system of green spaces, landscaping of the sanitary protection zones (SPZ), increasing the number of green spaces in residential areas and landscaping of the railway transport routes are proposed. It is determined that the designing of landscaping of SPZ should be carried out taking into account the nature of industrial pollution, as well as local climatic and topographic conditions. The plants used for landscaping these areas must be sanitary effective and sufficiently resistant to air and soil pollution by industrial emissions. Recommendations on selection of green spaces that contribute to good aeration of the territory and prevent the penetration of harmful emissions into the residential area are given.
Winter wheat stable yield formation depending on the cultivation technology in the arid zone of the Central Ciscaucasia
Authors: Vlasova O I , Perederieva V M , Chabaldas O G
Published: August 2022

The problem of rational tillage has always been relevant. Many indicators of soil fertility and the growth and development of plants depend on its rationality. In the experiments that were carried out in the arid zone of the Central Ciscaucasia, the object of the study was winter wheat, cultivated according to the predecessors of corn for grain. The subject of research is zero and traditional technology of crop cultivation. Soil cultivation was carried out according to the traditional technology - after harvesting the predecessor, the 6x4 PM is disked to a depth of 12-14 cm, then non-moldboard tillage with a PCh-4 chisel tool to a depth of 20-22 cm. As weeds appear, PS-4 is cultivated, sowing is carried out with a Bystritsa. Zero technology includes: spraying crops with herbicides using a John Deere sprayer and sowing with a Gerardi G 24 seeder. As a result, it was found that the cultivation of crops using zero technology contributes to obtaining friendly and timely shoots. The 0-20 cm layer contained 26.1 mm of moisture with zero technology and 10.9 mm with traditional technology, this is especially true in dry years. The water resistance of the soil structure in the no-till option is characterized as excellent, to a greater extent this is due to the accumulation of plant residues. The yield obtained on the zero option is significantly higher in comparison with the traditional technology of winter wheat cultivation.
Yield in the cultivation of cotton by sowing seeds under the pellicle
Authors: Muhammediyeva D T , Khasanov U U
Published: August 2022

Uzbekistan is the northernmost region in the world in terms of cotton production, and there are many weather conditions during the cultivation of cotton. In the first months after sowing, the temperature in the northern and central regions is insufficient for its smooth germination. Therefore, additional temperature is required for early sowing of seeds and cultivation of early cotton. Additional temperature accumulation can be achieved by planting seeds under a transparent polyethylene pellicle. The advantage of this technology is the rapid germination of seeds, obtaining flat seedlings and achieving an early harvest. This allows you to fully harvest the crop using cotton-picking machines and plow the land in the warm days of autumn. In areas where the cotton crop is harvested immediately, the grain yield will be at least 10-15 quintals higher than in the areas planted between rows of cotton, due to the quality preparation of the land in the fall and timely sowing of grain. At the same time, it will be convenient even in areas where autumn grain is not planted, as spring sowing will pave the way for a quality transition in the short term. There is no doubt that the effectiveness of the factors listed above is extremely high.
Sustainable development strategy of the dairy agro-industrial complex through the use of waste-free technologies
Authors: Dalisova N A , Martinova T A , Rozhkov S E
Published: August 2022

Currently, waste-free technologies in the food industry play an important role in the sustainable development of dairy enterprises, as well as in solving food, economic, environmental and energy problems. One of the ways to strengthen the food industry is the introduction of new food processing technologies. This, in turn, requires more carefulness processing of agricultural raw materials and more rational use of useful ingredients. In this regard, the goal is to develop a technology for the production of cottage cheese with certain qualitative and physico-chemical properties. The research results show that albumin cottage cheese (or albumin) obtained with the help of whey protein meets quality standards, and the economic efficiency of this production product is very high which increases the production development and sustainability of agricultural enterprises.
Justification of technological parameters of disk tillage working bodies
Authors: Shavazov K , Tonapetyan P , Karapetyan M
Published: August 2022

The article discusses the state and current issues of the development and production of disk tillage working bodies. Special attention is paid to the problems of choosing technological parameters, improving technological efficiency and justifying the technological parameters of disk tillage working bodies. It is noted that the proposed tillage technology was tested in the non-irrigated rain-fed and foothill zones of Uzbekistan and the Caucasus region, for spring and winter grain crops, which gave an excellent result.
To the question of choosing the main parameters of the plowshare of the soil of the loosening working body of the cotton seeder
Authors: Duskulov A A , Isakov A A
Published: August 2022

The article highlights the state and a brief analysis of the technology of soil preparation for cotton sowing in the Republic of Uzbekistan. A constructive scheme of a cotton seeder equipped with soil-loosening working bodies is given, designed for strip tillage of the soil in the zones of occurrence of cotton seeds with a given width and depth and at the same time sowing cotton seeds. Materials on the theoretical justification of the parameters of the plowshare of the soil-loosening working body of the cotton seeder are also given.
To the determination of the main parameters of the disk planter of a potato planter
Authors: Duskulov A A , Mahmudov Kh S
Published: August 2022

In the article the issues of analysis and the state of potato production in the Republic of Uzbekistan are considered, on the basis of which a new design scheme of a disk planting machine for a potato planter designed to work in the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan is proposed. The main parameters of the disk planting machine are determined, which ensure the high-quality operation of the potato planter with minimal skips of potato tubers during planting.
Parameters of the stabilizer of the poly-V belts of the drive of vertical spindles for stable cotton harvesting performance
Authors: Shoumarova M , Abdillayev T , Yusupov Sh A
Published: August 2022

We have in our previous articles that the unstable cotton-picking performance of the vertical spindle cotton picker is mainly due to the instability of the traction force of the V-belts of the friction drive of the spindles. The main reasons for this result were identified. The main reason for the value of the total pulling force of the V-belts in the friction serial drivee, which is why, due to the resistance forces of the cotton bush, the speed of rotation of the spindle often decreases at the time of extraction of the cotton slice from the sash. Therefore, the authors recommended replacing conventional V-belts with poly V-belts, the small wedges of which are installed on one, i.e. a single basis. Our experiments have shown that with the same tension of external belts, the pulling force of a multi-V belt with five wedges is always much greater than a standard set of three conventional V-belts on a serial drive. Consequently, poly-V belts always ensure the optimum angular velocity of the spindle, preventing the reduction of the completeness of the cotton harvest, which is very important. To do this, it was necessary to find some technical solutions for such a drive to function smoothly, in particular, the installation of a spindle speed stabilizer by the time the spindle reversal process was completed before it hit the external belts. Spindle, i.e. its roller, after it leaves the inner belt, rotates by inertia. The stabilizer has a block with an elastic surface, which, pressing against the spindle roller with a certain pressure, slows it down until it stops before the roller hits the beginning of the external belts, i.e. before the start of its reverse rotation. This article describes the design and effects of the stabilizer for the spindle roller to stop it at the right moment.
Development of elements of agricultural technology for crops with high economically valuable traits
Authors: Zolkin A L , Matvienko E V , Dudukalov E V , Saradzheva O V , Chistyakov M S
Published: August 2022

The article points out that studies conducted by domestic and foreign scientists indicate that progress in the economy cannot be achieved without the transfer of agricultural production on a scientific basis. Thus it shall be noted that the main directions of scientific and operational progress in agriculture are: 1. Introduction of high-performance systems, machines for the integrated mechanization of all technological processes of cultivation of agricultural crops into production; 2. Electrification and automation of the industry; 3. Introduction of resource-saving technologies, mechanization, melioration, development of breeding potential. Also it shall be noted that for growing the crops using intensive technology it is required to use plastic varieties, with economically valuable traits that would have a high yield potential and be able to withstand various stresses. From an economic point of view, different breeds differ from each other primarily in the fact that under the same conditions they can produce different yields. The average increase in grain yield due to the sowing of a new, better breed is usually at least 2 centners per 1 ha, and sometimes reaches 8–10 centners per 1 ha or more. The use of high-quality seeds of the best released breeds is one of the most accessible and cost-effective ways to increase the yield and gross harvest of agricultural products.
Justification of the parameters of the lister body
Authors: Mirzaev B S , Ergashov G H , Maiviatov F M , Ravshanova N B , Toshtemirov S J , Begimkulova M F
Published: August 2022

At present one of the leading places in the world is the development and mastering the production can simultaneously strip tillage and formation of irrigation throws and their use in the sowing of cucurbitaceous crops. The aim parameters the lister body combined strip-till of cucurbitaceous. Methods of classical mechanics have been applied in the research. In the process of research, the degree of layer turnover and soil crumbling by the lister body were determined, a special laboratory unit and strain gauge methods were used. Constructive the preparation fields from under cereals for strip sowing of gourds is the scheme with the lister body, ripper, right- and left-turning extreme bodies and furrow former located along the axis of symmetry. According to the results of theoretical studies, analytical dependences and mathematical models, allowing to determine the width of the lister body, the height of its blade, the size of the layer processed by the body, were obtained. Theoretical and experimental researches show that to provide the width of lister body should be 46 cm and its height 45.
Study of the parameters of the field of the cone-shaped working body straw chopper
Authors: Mamatov F M , Karimov R R , Gapparov Sh , Musurmonov I E
Published: August 2022

State program of developing agriculture of Uzbekistan is directed to the developmend of important field - animal husbandry and its suppiy with roug-hage, in the framework of creating small cattle-breeding, farming and peasantry, that demand a special attention at prearing high guality roughage at small material expenses. The practice showed that unsatisfactory processing of rousgh fodder stalka by fodder preparation machinery bring to quality dectine of got fodder and accordingly to the inerease of its loss (to 30 %). The authors proposed and developed a rotary straw chopper with cone-shaped working bodies. The diameter of a working body and an angle of a blade of a knife are theoretically investigated. To substantiate the type and parameters of the chopper blade, a stand for laboratory research was developed and manufactured. Change of cutting force and cutting power consumption depending on circumferential cutting speed, straw diameter, knife length and blade inclination angle were studied by experimental researches. On the basis of experimental studies the type and optimum parameters of rotor and knife were established: knife type - disc; rotor diameter 172 mm; number of knives 4; knife inclination angle 20°.
Research into the perforated surface of the double staged grinder-crusher
Authors: Shomirzaev M Kh , Astanakulov K D , Babaev Kh M
Published: August 2022

One of the main ways to increase the productivity of livestock is to feed them with mixed feeds, namely feeds obtained by processing feed grains. Based on this, a constructive and technological scheme for the device for small-scale livestock farms such as maize and other cereals, namely rye, oats, wheat, barley, was developed. On this principle, a two-stage grinder with a fixed blade in the upper chamber and movable hammers in the lower chamber, which performs the work process, was developed, and its upper chamber hole surface dimensions were theoretically and empirically studied. It was found that
Nm

= 137.5 holes with a diameter of 20 mm are required for the exit of crushed pieces from the crushing chamber under ideal conditions when crushing a piece of corn-cob. In the experiments, the optimum granulometric composition of the primary crushed product was obtained when the holes of the crushing chamber were studied by changing the holes from 10 to 30 mm. According to theoretical calculations, when the holes had a diameter of 20 mm, the optimum granulometric.
Energy-efficient environmentally friendly electric device for the destruction of weeds by heating them
Authors: Denmukhammadiev A M , Matchanov O Q , Sobirov E E , Azamov S S
Published: August 2022

Weeds damage cultivated agricultural plants. There are many ways to control weeds. These include biological, chemical, mechanical and electrical methods. With an increase in sown areas, the types of weeds increase. On the one hand, weeds perform some useful functions, such as transporting moisture and trace elements from the soil, increasing the diversity of flora. However, with a very large number of weeds, the yield can be reduced by up to 50%. The use of pesticides to kill weeds leads to environmental pollution and deterioration of human health. Certain types of chemicals cause cancer disease. In recent years, smart technologies have appeared for the local application of pesticides in weed control. At the same time, there is a decrease in pesticides up to 90%. Intelligent technologies allow effective control of weeds. Burning weeds directly in the fields leads to a decrease in soil humus and, subsequently, to a decrease in land productivity. We have developed a method and a device for the destruction of collected weeds directly on the field using energy-efficient electric contact heating. This technology and electrical circuit can be connected to both centralized power supply and autonomous power (diesel or solar power plants). In order to save energy resources, an electronic model for the use of a solar beam concentrator is also proposed.