bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of plastic deformation rate after solid particle erosion in ductile materials
Authors: Erdoğan Aygen Ahsen , Feyzullahoğlu Erol , Fidan Sinan , Sinmazçelik Tamer
Published: December 2021

AA6082-T6 aluminium alloy is a candidate material, specifically in aviation applications, which could be exposed to solid particle erosion. Solid particle erosion occurs due to repetitive high-speed impact of erodent particles on a target material. Every individual impingement of the erodent particle results in elastic/plastic deformations and material removal from the target material. In this study, solid particle erosion investigations were carried out under 1.5 and 3 bar with 60 and 120 mesh alumina particles. Both erosion rates and worn volumes of the samples were calculated and measured. Also, the authors present the plastic deformation rate in this study as a proportion of the actual (measured) worn volume to the equivalent volume of the mass loss. In addition, the average surface roughness of the samples were investigated, which is another parameter for understanding the effect of plastic deformation on surface properties during particle erosion.
Hot press sintering effects and wear resistance of the Al-B4C composite coatings of an AA-2024 alloy
Authors: Ozay Cetin , Karlidag Omer Etem
Published: December 2021

In this study, the surface of AA-2024 alloy substrate was coated with an Al-B4C reinforced composite using hot press sintering. Al and B4C powders were synthesized by mechanical alloying. To this end, four samples were prepared. As a reference sample, AA-2024 substrate was coated with pure Al powder under 110 MPa pressure. In the other samples, the AA-2024 substrate was coated with metal matrix composites (MMCs) contained in Al-5 wt.-% B4C at 90, 110 and 130 MPa. The microstructure of the transition zone formed between the AA-2024 substrate and the coating layer of the coated samples, the microstructure of the Al/B4C MMCs coating, the macro hardness, the linear reciprocating and forth wear resistance of the coating layer were investigated. In addition, an optical microscope (OM), scanning electro microscope (SEM) images and EDS analysis of the microstructure were used. It was observed that the B4C powders were homogeneously distributed in the Al matrix in the microstructure of the coating layer. It was also found that the gaps between the grains in the microstructure of the coating layer and their size decreased with an increase in pressing pressure. Accordingly, it was concluded that macro hardness increased and weight loss decreased.
Crystal structure of (4′E)-6′-(diethylamino)-2-[(E)-[(pyren-1-yl)methylidene]amino]-4′-{2-[(2E)-1,3,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-ylidene]ethylidene}-1′,2,2′,3,3′,4′-hexahydrospiro[isoindole-1,9′-xanthene]-3-one, C54H48N4O2
Authors: Wu Jinping , Li Kaihao , Lan Hairong , Chu Yixin
Published: December 2021

C54H48N4O2, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 11.1883(5) Å, b = 13.5364(5) Å, c = 14.3412(5) Å, α = 105.885(3)°, β = 97.710(3)°, γ = 94.126(3)°, Z = 2, V = 2056.64(14) Å3, R

gt
(F) = 0.0685, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1606, T = 293(2) K.
Response of biomass, grain production, and sugar content of four sorghum plant varieties (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) to different plant densities
Authors: Lestari Reni , Tyas Kartika Ning , Rachmadiyanto Arief N. , Magandhi Mahat , Primananda Enggal , Husaini Iin Pertiwi A. , Kobayashi Masaru
Published: December 2021

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a potential plant for food, livestock feed, biofuel, sugar, alcohol, and other bioindustry products. Sorghum could be adaptable to grow and expand in marginal areas of the world. Varieties of sorghum have their specific morpho-agronomic characters. It would be significant to compare the performance of multiple sorghum varieties to identify a suitable one for the intended use. The increase in biomass plant production could be caused by cultivation factors, such as an increased planting density. This study aims to determine the response of four different sorghum varieties to the treatment of the plant density on the biomass, grain production, and sugar content of stem juice. This research was conducted using two factors: sorghum variety (“Super 1,” “Keler,” “Lepeng,” and “Rio”) and the plant density (two, four, and six plants per hole or 106,667; 213,333; and 320,000 plants ha−1, respectively). The results of the study showed that all four sorghum varieties tested could be used as biomass resources. The highest plant dry biomass was gained from six plants per hole with 44.0 t ha–1, whereas the lowest one was two plants per hole with 30.4 t ha–1. “Super 1” was a superior variety due to the significant highest sugar content of the stem juice (13.9°Brix) and grain production. “Lepeng” variety was the lowest in both sugar content (8°Brix) and grain production, whereas “Keler” and “Rio” varieties contained sugar in between 8.5 and 10.8°Brix of the stem juice.
Comparative Studies on Normal and Pulsed Cold Metal Transfer Welding of Aerospace Grade Aluminum Alloy 2024
Authors: Sadasivam Prakash , Jerome S. , Sathishkumar M. , Manikandan M.
Published: December 2021

Aluminum alloy 2024 (AA2024) sheets are mostly used in the fuselage and wings of the aircraft and structural applications; it is because of better fatigue resistance and high strength. The joining of AA2024 through gas metal arc welding (high heat input) is complicated because of hot cracking (solidification cracking), softening of the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and formation of porosity. However, these problems could be minimized by employing cold metal transfer (CMT) (low heat input) welding. The ultimate aim of the present research is to compare the metallurgical integrity and mechanical properties of the butt-welded AA2024 through normal CMT (N-CMT) and pulsed mode CMT (P-CMT) methods. The fine-grain structure observed in the P-CMT contributed better mechanical properties compared to N-CMT. The segregations of magnesium, silicon, and copper have revealed the intermetallic compounds such as aluminum-copper (2:1), Al2CuMg, magnesium silicide, and tetracopper silicide. This results in an intergranular fracture of both N-CMT and P-CMT joints. Besides, P-CMT exhibited a higher ultimate tensile strength and % elongation than the N-CMT. Also, the joint efficiencies of N-CMT and P-CMT were 64 % and 68 %, respectively. Furthermore, the hardness value in HAZ of N-CMT (93 HV) was inferior to P-CMT (126 HV). Hence, P-CMT is recommended for joining AA2024 compared to N-CMT.
Meteoric water contribution to sea ice formation and its control of the surface water carbonate cycle on the Wandel Sea shelf, northeastern Greenland
Authors: Geilfus Nicolas-Xavier , Munson Kathleen , Lemes Marcos , Wang Feiyue , Tison Jean-Louis , Rysgaard Søren
Published: December 2021

An influx of glacial meltwater has the ability to alter the properties of marine surface waters and their ability to exchange CO2 through changes to water column stratification and the inorganic carbon system. Here, we report how inputs of meteoric water affect the physical and biogeochemical properties of both the water column and the sea ice cover on the Wandel Sea shelf, northeastern Greenland, during spring 2015. The observed depleted δ18O–H2O in the water column, with surface water values as low as –16.3 ‰, suggests a strong input of meteoric water (i.e., water derived from atmospheric precipitation). Depleted δ18O–H2O observed within sea ice (from –21.5 to –8.0 ‰) reflects its formation from surface water that was already depleted isotopically. In addition, a thick snow cover, as present during the study, promotes the formation of snow ice as well as insulates the ice cover. Within sea ice, the resulting relatively warm temperature and low salinity impedes ikaite formation. However, measurements of total dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity indicate that, in both sea ice and the water column, the dissolution of calcium carbonate was the main process affecting the carbonate system. This finding suggests that inputs of glacial meltwater deliver glacier-derived carbonate minerals to the ocean which become incorporated within the ice structure, increasing calcium carbonate dissolution in the water column in the absence of ikaite precipitation within the sea ice. If widespread in glacial-fed waters, bedrock carbonate minerals could increase CO2 sequestration in glacial catchments despite the weakening of the sea ice carbon pump.
Marriage Intentions Among Cohabiters in Lithuania
Authors: Dirsytė Irma
Published: December 2021

Living together in one household without being married in modern society is one of the defining features characterizing the transformations of the modern family, mentioned alongside late-age marriage, late-age childbearing, or frequent divorces. Marriage is still a major life transformation, but the pressure to marry today is lighter than ever before and many young couples in Europe start family life from living together in one household and not being married. However, cohabitation has not a universal meaning and role in family formation process and couples cohabit for different reasons and motives. Existing research proves, that union formation pattern depends on socioeconomical and sociodemographic characteristics, it varies by country and changes by time.
In the research literature, cohabitation diffusion process is mainly based on the two arguments: cultural value changes which leads to “less marriage” and economic restrains which leads to postponed marriage until economic stability.
The aim of this article is to investigate the intentions of cohabitors to marry and the factors modelling these intentions in Lithuania. The empirical analysis is based on the current Family and Inequality Survey (2019) data set about 1970-1984 birth cohort who lived in an extramarital partnership at the time of the research. The data consists rich information on the partnership and fertility, but also social and economic standing. Analysis of the data shows that, most of the cohabiting individuals in the analyzed cohort in Lithuania still undecided about marriage and could not name their intentions in the future. Descriptive statistics suggests that more man than women plan to marry their partner in the future. In addition, cohabitors with the lowest education level do not intend to marry their partner more than any another education level group.
The multinomial regression results suggest that factors predicting marriage in the future are sex, partnership satisfaction and education. That leads to assume that in Lithuania cohabitation is only a prelude to marriage and individuals satisfied with the quality of their relationship intends to marry rather than continuing cohabitation as an alternative to marriage. Cohabitation can be chosen as a prelude to marriage to check the strength of a relationship and to accumulate economic and social resources. On another hand, having one child has a negative effect on the marriage intentions among cohabitors.
New data on the flora of Centrophyceae (Bacillariophyta) in the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland (Russia)
Authors:   Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS, Settle Borok, Nekouz District, Yaroslavl Region 152742, Russia, Genkal S.I. , Trifonova I.S. ,   Institute of Limnology of RAS, 9 Sevastyanova Str., St.-Petersburg 196185, Russia
Published: December 2021

This scanning electron microscopy study of phytoplankton from the Neva Bay and analysis of valve images from S.I. Genkal’s iconotheka have provided new data on centric diatoms of the Neva Bay. Representatives of the genera Aulacoseira scalaris and Stephanodiscus lacustris, new to the flora of the Bay, have been identified. The systematic position and distribution of 14 species and varieties of Centrophyceae from the genera Aulacoseira, Conticribra, Cyclostephanos, Ellerbeckia, Handmannia, Pantocsekiella, Stephanodiscus, Thalassiosira have been refined and specified. The species composition of the class Centrophyceae of the Neva Bay has been expanded. Now it includes 42 species and varieties from 17 genera.
Generation in history-sociological perspective
Authors: Kovalisko Natalia , Makeiev Serhii
Published: December 2021

On the example of the works of R. Wohl “Generation 1914”, J. Appleby “Inheriting the Revolution: The First Generation of Americans”, G. Elder “Children of the Great Depression: Social Change in Life Experience” the authors examines the features of the historical and sociological narrative about the generation, which belongs to the rubric “social history”. The first two books are based on the analysis of written sources and represent the “intellectual history of a generation”. The monograph on children of depression formulates the principles of longitudinal research in the concept of “life course”. In all three publications, a generation is established and confirmed in the corresponding status by grandiose Events: war, revolution, depression. The focus of attention is on something novel that the new generation intends to introduce into the world order and attitude, something from which it decisively dissociates itself and does not accept. All three refereed books contain two important accounts of people in the 19th and 20th centuries (or the authors who tell about these people?). First of all, they see the future as amenable to their energetic efforts, plastic. Or, to put it another way, our projects are realizable, social constraints are surmountable, and circumstances can well be constructed according to attractive value configurations and ethical parameters. But as they grow up, the transition to middle and old age in the context of grandiose Events and after them, the individual’s and group’s (generation’s) significance of the future is irresistibly diminishing, and the ideals and expectations of youth often remain in the sphere of the possible, encouraging the conversation about the “lost generation”.
Generation of Independence in the Revolution of Dignity
Authors: Bodnar Halyna
Published: December 2021

The paper highlights the environment of the generation of independence in the Revolution of Dignity, studies the motivation of participation, moods, ideas and expectations, their transformation with the development of events, experiences and lessons of the Maidan. We have 59 in-depth interviews with natives of all regions of Ukraine and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, which have become a basis for the research. Regional groundwork allowed us to take a closer look at the activities of local Maidans, when the contrast between the capital and the regions, new experiences and challenges faced by local activists, gender differences, post-Maidan (non)-transformations in the regions were clearly visible. The paper also focuses on the recollections of the events of February 2014 and the image of the Heavenly Hundred. The young people appreciated the «inner world» of the revolution — the unity, mutual understanding, support and help they found among the Maidan residents. They were not ready to face the death on the Maidan. After two or three years, their personal stories and lessons taken of the Revolution of Dignity, visions of their future and the country as a whole are still fresh and allow to reveal the post-Maidan Ukrainian society from the perspective of the generation of independence.
Socio-political consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic as challenges to the legitimacy of social order in Ukraine
Authors: Reznik Oleksandr , Rakhmanov Oleksandr , Reznik Volodymyr
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the results of a sociological study of the socio-political consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukrainian society. The economic and social difficulties faced by people during the lockdowns have, as expected, caused dissatisfaction with the actions of state institutions. Public opinion on the government's efforts to combat the pandemic was based on its chaotic, inconsistent and often belated actions regarding the introduction of quarantine, mass vaccination and information policy. Our assumption was that the ineffective opposition of the Ukrainian authorities to the COVID-19 pandemic led to a negative perception of Ukrainians’ democratic legitimacy, their distrust of state institutions, growing social tensions, and increased support for paternalism and authoritarianism. To test this hypothesis, the dynamics of assessments of the government's actions in the confrontation with the pandemic, the determinants of trust in state institutions, attitudes on ways to ensure living standards and means of maintaining order in Ukraine, protest potential were analyzed. The empirical analysis was conducted on the basis of a sociological survey conducted by the sociological firm HUMAN RESEARCH from July 28 to August 7, 2021 as part of a research project of the Institute of Sociology of NAS of Ukraine “Social consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of social transformation in Ukraine: sociological approach” under a grant from the National Research Foundation of Ukraine. Methods of multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression were used to empirically assess the influence of explanatory variables on dependent variables. According to the analysis, the main challenge to the legitimacy of the social order in Ukraine was the decline in confidence in the central government, mainly due to negative assessments of its response to the coronavirus pandemic. However, there have been no significant shifts in the mass consciousness in support of paternalism and authoritarianism. The small share of support for these attitudes has little to do with assessments of the government's response to the pandemic. The increase in protest potential is also little associated with assessments of the government's response to the pandemic.
Augmented reality in the realm of art functioning
Authors: Shulga Raisa
Published: December 2021

The article analyses the issues related to the capacities of art to act as an augmented reality. The AR concept includes the achievements of the IT to augment the physical world with virtual objects. It was included into scientific vocabulary at the end of the XX century. However, as the historical practice proves, the augment reality as a phenomenon has been present at all the stages of human existence. The need for augmented reality, which was caused by the desire to expand the boundaries of the existing world through the experience of the desired, effectively realized art is determined by the extent to which art can enrich a person's living space with augmented reality. The study reveals contradictions in theoretical approaches to the purpose of art and the realities of its functioning. Emphasis is placed on the need to rethink the understanding of the model of the functioning of art as a universal, non-historical phenomenon. It is proved that cultural and social research of the art influence and comprehension, it is important to abandon manipulations around the general concept of art. It is proposed to maximally operationalize the understanding of its effectiveness by specifying the features of the functioning of species and genres. It is also proposed to overcome the inertia of the value division of art into "high", i.e. valuable one and "low", i.e. the art of low value. This approach opens the way to understanding the real meaning of the needs, non-aesthetic and non-artistic nature, which guide most of the audience at all times, in their appeal to art. Research in this area reveals the potential of art in meeting the vital needs of man — psychological relaxation, emotional saturation, relaxation, entertainment. The essence of differences in consumption of an art product of "educated" and "naive" consumers is considered. Possibilities of reproducing augmented reality in the largest segments of current artistic life — cultural industries and contemporary art — are determined.
Ukrainian Soviet agents of change: the socio-historical context of capital transformation
Authors: Poltorakov Oleksii , Shchyhol Iryna
Published: December 2021

In the context of socio-political transformations fundamentally significant collective actors, whose activities were, incl. quite significant social and legal burden, there were corresponding so-called agents of changes. The article sets the goal of sociologically reconstructing the transformation of the symbolic capital of Ukrainian dissidents into social capital within the framework of the social and legal context in the USSR and in independent Ukraine. A significant feature of the Ukrainian dimension of the dissident movement, which is considered in the corresponding socio-legal field in the categories of agents of changes, is, first of all, that it began with an examination of the general problems of the legitimacy of Soviet power, first of all in the focus of the search for legitimate prerequisites and necessary constitutional and procedural mechanisms for Ukraine's secession from the USSR and its independence. Another key socio-legal dimension of the activities of Ukrainian dissidents was human rights issues. Thus, in the process of its formation and development, the dissident movement itself became the reason for the delegitimation of the Soviet regime, primarily in terms of its violation of the declared norms of the Constitution and fundamental social rights and political freedoms. In turn, moral authority and the social and legal capital based on it significantly influenced the fact that in the process of Ukraine's independence, former dissidents became the socio-political nucleus that initiated and developed fundamentally significant political and legal documents, such as the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine and the act of proclaiming the independence of Ukraine, as well as the Constitution and laws of Ukraine based on them.
An Initiative to Increase Residency Program Diversity
Authors: Hoff Monica L. , Liao Nancy N. , Mosquera Claudia A. , Saucedo Alex , Wallihan Rebecca G. , Walton Jennifer R. , Scherzer Rebecca , Bonachea Elizabeth M. , Wise Lorina W. , Thomas Olivia W. , Mahan John D. , Barnard John A. , Bignall O.N. Ray
Published: December 2021

A physician workforce that reflects the patient population is associated with improved patient outcomes and promotes health equity. Notwithstanding, racial and ethnic disparities persist within US medical schools, making some individuals underrepresented in medicine (URM). We sought to increase the percentage of URM residents who matched into our pediatric residency programs from a baseline of 5% to 35% to achieve demographic parity with our patients. We developed a multifaceted approach using multiple iterative tests of change, with the primary strategy being increased visibility of URM trainees and faculty to residency applicants. Strategies included applicant interviews with URM faculty, interview dinners with URM residents, visibility at academic conferences for URM trainees, development of targeted marketing materials, and a visiting student program supported by networking with URM residents. The primary outcome measure was the percentage of matched residents in the categorical pediatrics, child neurology, and medical genetics training programs who identified as URM. The percentage of URM residents increased to 16% (6 of 37) in 2018, 26% (11 of 43) in 2019, 19% (8 of 43) in 2020, and 21% (9 of 43) in 2021 (a four-year average of 22% URM residents; P = .0002). This progress toward a more representative residency program was met by challenges, such as pipeline concerns, the minority tax, and recruitment during a pandemic. We were able to implement small, low-resource strategies that had a large cumulative impact and could be implemented in other residency programs. Specific tactics and challenges encountered are discussed in this special article.
Cotas para pessoas negras
Authors: Teixeira Vitor Hugo , Marques Ana Maria
Published: December 2021

Este artigo analisa o processo de implementação de cotas para pessoas negras, com destaque para o que ocorreu na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, desde 2003 até 2020, especialmente o ano de 2012, quando a instituição se adequou a Lei de Cotas. Discutimos os principais embates com os defensores da meritocracia e da excelência universitária. Analisamos alguns debates basilares sobre racismo e reparação social no Brasil: breve histórico. Apresentamos alguns indicadores sociais e o quantitativo de distribuição das vagas por “ação afirmativa” na universidade até 2020 e algumas facetas do racismo acadêmico. A metodologia contou com análise bibliográfica, indicadores sociais e dados institucionais. Entendemos que as cotas para pessoas negras se constituem como uma das ferramentas no combate ao racismo estrutural, considerando as discriminações sofridas historicamente pela população negra no Brasil e que ainda há muito que se avançar, sobretudo, ampliando as cotas para a pós-graduação. Demos mais ênfase às interseccionalidades de raça e classe.
Atlânticas
Authors: Grecco Gabriela de Lima , Romero Marizol González , Silva Alessandra dos Santos da , Rodrigues Iliriana Fontoura
Published: December 2021

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When Football Programs Increase the Racial and Gender Diversity at Small, Private Colleges
Authors: Mullins Joe , Teodorescu Daniel
Published: December 2021

Abstract: This research examined if the addition of new small, private college football programs increased the diversity of enrollment on campus and provided opportunities for underrepresented minority students to earn a college degree. The researchers examined enrollment trends at 150 private small colleges: 50 that started new football programs between the years of 1990-2013, 50 that had existing football programs, and 50 without football programs during the same period. The study found that the percentage of small private colleges that experienced high increases in minorities and male students (5% or higher) was higher among the colleges that started a new football program than at institutions with existing football programs or institutions without football programs. The study’s findings provide valuable information for college administrators considering adding a new football program at their institution. The study also contributes new research that explores how adding a new football program impacts the diversity of student enrollment at small, private collegiate institutions. Enrollment management directors must become more aware of the need to hire diverse faculty and staff that can better relate to and serve a diverse student body. In addition, athletic leaders can approach college decision makers with information related to how the addition of a new football program will affect the diversity of student enrollment.
A Conceptual Model of the Emergence of Diversity and Inclusion Officers in Division I Collegiate Athletics
Authors: Keaton Ajhanai
Published: December 2021

In recent years, Division I athletic departments have adopted athletic administrators of diversity and inclusion. These inaugural actors hold distinct titles, but the essence of their position mirror Chief Diversity Officers (CDOs) in higher education and business domains. The purpose of this manuscript is to offer a conceptual model that explores why intercollegiate athletic departments have adopted these positions and why these positions will continue to increase in adoption. The emergence of these roles occurs on the backdrop of prominent social movements in the United States (U.S.) and high-profile intercollegiate sport scandals while also aligning with contemporary trends in higher education institution. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
Experience in creation of database (registry) of patients with posttraumatic cicatrical biliary strictures. First results
Authors: Kulezneva Yu. V. , Kurmanseitova L. I. , Patrushev I. V. , Efanov M. G. , Tsvirkun V. V. , Melekhina O. V. , Shapovalyants S. G. , Fedorov E. D. , Budzinsky S. A. , Shcheglov V. V. , Belyakov R. F. , Petrovsky A. N. , Popov A. Yu. , Sidorenko A. B. , Bagmet N. N. , Trifonov S. A. , Sutyagin A. A. , Gadaev Sh. Sh. , Konysov M. N. , Khisteva K. N. , Chitadze A. A. , Musatov A. B.
Published: December 2021

Aim. To demonstrate the first results of the work on database created to assess long-term results of treatment of patients with posttraumatic biliary strictures and to develop a unified approach to the management of these patients.

Materials and methods. “The register of patients with post-traumatic strictures of the bile ducts in Russia and the CIS countries” was created in 2016. It is a software for a computer that provides the opportunity for detailed registration and data analysis of a large number of patients.

Results. From 2016 to 2021, the data of 132 patients were entered into the register. Long-term results were traced in 49 (60.5%) patients with the minimum and maximum follow-up periods of 3 and 44 months.

Conclusion. The first registry results demonstrate its capabilities in generalization and analysis of treatment data for the patients with cicatrical posttraumatic biliary strictures. It also showed the necessity for wider participation of different specialists in work of database.
Early biliary complications after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Rayn V. Y. , Kislitsin D. P. , Chernov A. A. , Bukir V. V.
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to review latest investigations concerning early biliary complications following major pancreatic surgery. 127 original articles in English language were found via PubMed literature search using key words over the last 5 years. After application of exclusion criteria (full-text in English not available, duplicating paper, age of paper over 5 years) a total of 29 articles were included in this study. Herein we review epidemiology and classification of early biliary complications after pancreatoduodenectomy, current views on pathogenesis, prophylaxis, diagnostics and treatment of early biliary complications. In early postoperative course of pancreatoduodenectomy patients may develop transient jaundice, cholangitis, early biliary strictures and post-procedural bile leak. Frequency of these conditions range from 3 to 24% and depends on epidemiological features of population, statistics and combined conditions. A number of patient- and surgery-dependent risk factors have been described. Modern interventional radiology offers a wide range of procedures for diagnostics and treatment of early biliary complications after pancreatoduodenectomy which showed to be safe and effective when endoscopic manipulations are contraindicated due to high risk. Well-timed diagnosis and treatment allow to avoid severe early biliary complications, re-interventions and reoperations which provides a good prognosis and lowers medical and financial burden.
Clinical and pathogenetic aspects of the complications after surgical treatment of hepatic echinococcosis
Authors: Nazyrov F. G. , Babadjanov A. Kh. , Yakubov F. R.
Published: December 2021

Aim. To identify factors influencing effectiveness of surgical approaches in hepatic echinococcosis, depending on the location, size and stage of development of the cyst.

Material and methods. From 2015 to 2017 the experience of surgical treatment of 98 patients with liver echinococcosis who underwent percutaneous (PAIR – 23 and PEVAC – 29 patients) and laparoscopic (46 patients) interventions was considered.

Results. After the PAIR, a complication was noted in 1 (16.7%) case of isolated use with a CE3 cyst. Various complications were noted in 3 (60%) cases with a cyst puncture of more than 4 cm, and in 2 of them with CE2 and CE3. The average time for evacuating the cysts contents when performing the PEVAC technique was 5 days. Hemorrhagic fluid in drainage was noted in 6.9% of cases, biliary fistula – in 13.8%. Accumulation of fluid and suppuration in the residual cavity were identified in 34.5%. Taking into account the size of the cysts, the complication rate after PEVAC was 9.1% for cysts ≤6 cm vs 50% for cysts >6 cm. Various difficulties with manipulations during laparoscopic echinococcectomy were noted more often with CE2–4. So, difficulties with aspiration or removal of cyst contents more often arose with CE4. The incidence of complications after drainage removal was 17.9%, of which fluid accumulation was in 14.3% and residual cavity suppuration in 3.6% of cases.

Conclusion. The US criteria, main indications and tactical and technical aspects for performing PAIR and PEVAC methods, as well as for performing laparoscopic echinococcectomy, and criteria for assessing the required volume of percytectomy for an adequate abdominalization of fibrous capsule have been clarified.
Quality of Life of Haemodialysis Patients and Complications of CVC and AA
Authors: D Theodorou , A Papasavva , A Kalli
Published: December 2021

Background: The increase in life expectancy, as well as in chronic diseases, has resulted in giving emphasis not only to medical interventions, but to the continuous care of the patient. The measurement of Quality of Life (QOL) of haemodialysis patients provides information relevant to their needs and the consequences of haemodialysis in their life, which could be used to implement interventions that will lead to the improvement of their QOL.
Communication Technologies and the History of the Spectacle
Authors: Morelock Jeremiah , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: December 2021

The chapter presents a historical account and a first theoretical approach on the rise of the society of the selfie. Our historical exposition concerns the global spread of the material and cultural developments of capitalist society, including the recent rise of the digital and Web 2.0. In Wallerstein’s concept of ‘geoculture’, the world-system is not just economic; the culture of modern capitalism is extended into regions when and where the global market extends. Using this framework, in chapter 1 we focus on the place of communication technologies in the global economic and cultural changes from the Industrial Revolution to the present. Describing these changes, we explore Guy Debord’s theory of ‘the spectacle.’ In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the rise of information technologies and the World Wide Web dovetailed with neoliberalism and spectacular capitalism, amplifying a cultural trend already well under way: the movement away from substance and depth, toward images, surfaces, and superficial appearances. We argue that in the age of social media, much interpersonal communication is mediated and fragmented through social media via likes, comments, tweets, and so on. Users construct alternate, ‘spectacular’ versions of themselves that circulate online. The ‘selfie’ is a perfect symbol for this new state of culture.
Dialectics of Alienation and Abnormality
Authors: Morelock Jeremiah , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: December 2021

This chapter portrays dialectically intertwined issues of alienation (in the Frommian sense of estrangement from self and others), abnormality, anxiety, and authenticity. Giddens theorizes that modern society is undergoing a ‘transformation of intimacy’, where love and sex are freed from patriarchal traditions, and people increasingly value ‘pure relationships’ where authentic connection is the only motive and can be fully realised. We claim that this desire for authenticity extends beyond this in the society of the selfie, the persistent unrequited thirst for it directly clashes with the alienated status quo. ‘Authenticity strain’ haunts the social terrain with loneliness, anomie, and the threat of volatility and transgression of personal boundaries. The desire for authenticity, and the moral sense that surrounds it, dovetail with the frustrated voyeurism of life under the spectacle in the age of Web 2.0. Fromm says that the inability to genuinely connect with other people can inspire people toward sadomasochism instead, which primes them for authoritarian social movements. And once again we turn to Foucault, to describe his theories about the designation of ‘abnormal’ people. Today, the fear of abnormalities of self and Other, both inner and outer—of becoming or falling victim to predatory, psychologically unhinged Others such as cyberstalkers, violent obsessives, pedophiles with fake avatars, mass shooters, etc.—has become a rampant new nightmare. It is a nightmare that fuels a common desire for greater protection from ‘deviants’ and outsiders through an increase of coercive force, i.e., for authoritarianism.
Antiradical properties of selenium-enriched grain seedlings
Authors:   Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Lapkina E. Z. , Saveleva E. E. ,   Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Bulgakova N. A. ,   Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: December 2021

The results of studies of antiradical activity by the method of DPPG absorption by extracts of rye, wheat, and oat seedlings enriched with selenium from aqueous solutions of sodium Selenite 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05% concentrations within 24 hours. Selenium inhibits the rate of reaching the "plateau" of the DPPG absorption reaction, but increases the anti-radical activity of grain seedlings. The total content of phenolic compounds in grain extracts was determined spectrophotometrically. The influence of selenium on the growth processes of wheat, rye, and oats is shown. Concentrations of 0.001 and 0.005% have a stimulat-ing effect on the length of the roots and coleoptile of grain crops. At a concentration of 0.05%, selenium is deposited as granules in the cells of the germ of the grain. Oats are the most sensitive crop to selenium, and wheat and rye are promising as crops that can exhibit antiradical properties and source of organic forms of selenium.
Variability in leaf morphological characters of Valeriana officinalis L. and V. alternifolia Ledeb
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Khaliullin D. A. , Ishmuratova M. M. ,   Bashkir State University, Ishbirdin A. R. ,   Bashkir State University
Published: December 2021

Presents the results of a comparative morphological analysis of the variability of 9 quantitative and quali-tative characteristics of the leaf (length, width and index of the leaf, the number (or number of pairs) of leaf lobes, length, width and index of the lateral leaf lobe, the number of denticles along the edge of the leaf lobe, leaves in a sample with entire and toothed edges of the leaf blade) of closely related species Va-leriana officinalis L. and V. alternifolia (Bunge) Ledeb. Samples of 7 cenopopulations of V. officinalis (South Urals) and 5 cenopopulations of V. alternifolia (Central Yakutia) served as the material for the analysis. In both species, the levels of variability of morphological traits of the leaf are not lower than the average, predominantly increased, the least variable trait is the number of pairs of leaf lobes. In the sam-ple of V. alternifolia, the prevailing frequency of occurrence of leaves with a certain number of leaf lobes is not expressed; most values fall within a wide range from 11 to 17 pcs. (5-8 pairs) leaf lobes; in the sample of V. officinalis, there is a pronounced peak in the number of leaf lobes equal to 16 pcs. (8 pairs), most of the leaves fall in the range from 14 to 18 pcs. (7-9 pairs) leaf lobes. Valeriana alternifolia is characterized by relatively small leaves with 5-8 pairs of narrow lobes, mostly whole-edged. Valeriana officinalis is characterized by relatively large and elongated leaves with 7-9 pairs of relatively wide lobes with several denticles along the edge. To differentiate closely related species, the following quantitative morphological characteristics of a leaf can be reliably used: length, width and index, number of leaf lobes, length, width and leaf lobe index.
Dynamic modeling of macroeconomic factors influence on portfolio investment flows in countries with emerging markets
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doroshenko Svetlana V. ,   Ural Federal University, Lapteva Evgenya V. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2021

Introduction: the impact of pull or push factors on capital flows has become an especially relevant issue due to the increasing importance of emerging countries in the growth of world welfare. Objectives: to identify the impact of global and domestic economic factors on portfolio capital flows to emerging markets. Methods: the work is based on applied statistical and econometric methods of regression analysis. Panel regression estimation was carried out by two-step least squares methods (instrumental variables), generalized method of moments according to the methodology of Arellano–Bond and Arellano–Bover/Blundell– Bond. The study contains a total of 2,240 observations. Results: two hypotheses were put forward: (1) global indicators of USA monetary policy have a greater impact on the inflow of portfolio investments in developing countries in crisis years than domestic factors; (2) the difference between the receiving country’s interest rate and the US rate has the most significant effect on the inflow of portfolio investment to emerging market economies among the domestic factors. The impact of the factors on portfolio investment flows was assessed using macroeconomic data for 28 developing countries, based on quarterly observations for the period 2000–2019. Conclusions: there is empirical evidence that global factors are more important in times of crisis than specific country ones. The second hypothesis was not confirmed. It was revealed that the flows of portfolio capital are most influenced by the level of international reserves and domestic political stability in the country.
Geomorphology of the Ninety East Ridge
Authors:   Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lemenkova Polina
Published: December 2021

This paper explores the geomorphological features of the Ninety East Ridge (NER), Indian Ocean. NER presents especially long and linear topographic structure formed as a result of complex regional geophysical and geologic development. The research is based on high precision bathymetric, geological and gravity data. The submarine geomorphology of NER was digitized as three cross-sectional profiles. The profiles were selected in northern, central and southern segments. The depths were visualized in graphs, compared and statistically analyzed by histograms. The study contributes to the geophysical studies of the Indian Ocean.
On the Identification of Pebble Material Sources of Paleo-Rivers
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Ilaltdinov I.Y. , Osovetsky B.M. ,   Perm State National Research University
Published: December 2021

The chemical composition of chromespinelides in the Permian sandy-gravel deposits of the western slope of the Urals was investigated by microprobe analysis. The correlation of minals is used for identification of source rocks for these sediments. They were originated by the river of the Permian age, which had the north-western flow direction and were eroded of chromite-bearing massive in the South Urals. Some details of chromites chemical composition pointed to the influence of another source rocks (for instance, Saranovskiy Massive in the Middle Urals).
Engineering-Geomorphological Assessment of Gas-Dynamic Regimes of the Neman River Valley (within Belarus and Adjacent Territories)
Authors:   Institution of Education Gomel State University named after F. Skarina, Melezh T.A.
Published: December 2021

The article presents an engineering-geomorphological assessment of the geodynamic regimes of the Neman River valley within Belarus and adjacent territories. Exodynamic processes within the floodplain, above-floodplain terraces, on the sides and adjacent flat interfluves, as well as technogenic processes were studied. Zoning of the valley and adjacent areas was carried out according to the characteristics of engineering development.
Catagenetic Сharacteristics of Organic Matter of the Gydan Parametric Well Rocks
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Belyaeva G.L.
Published: December 2021

The study of dispersed organic matter of the Mesozoic sediments of the Gydan parametric well 130 (north of Western Siberia) made it possible to reveal its genesis, maceral composition, and secondary changes. Obtained information allowed reconstructing and the catagenetic zoning of the section, determining the position of the lower boundary of oil occurrence, the main zones of oil and gas generation
REKREASYONEL AKTİVİTELERE KATILAN BİREYLERİN SERBEST ZAMAN ÖZGÜRLÜK DÜZEYLERİ İLE YAŞAM DOYUMLARI İLİŞKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: BALABAN Turan , SAÇ Ajlan , YILDIZ Yasin
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılan bireylerin serbest zamanda algıladıkları özgürlük ve yaşam doyum düzeylerinin incelenmesi ve bazı demografik özelliklere göre karşılaştırılmasıdır. Çalışma Antalya ilinde bulunan, düzenli olarak serbest zaman etkinliklerine katılan bireyler içerisinden kolayda örneklem metodu ile seçilen, 548 erkek (Ortyaş=33,78 ± 9,57 yıl) ve 439 kadın (Ortyaş=31,75 ± 9,71 yıl) olmak üzere 987 (Ortyaş=32,88 ± 9,68 yıl) gönüllü birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan kişisel bilgi formu, Witt ve Ellis (1985) tarafından geliştirilen, Yerlisu Lapa ve Tercan Kaas’ın (2017) 25 madde ve tek alt boyut olarak Türkçe’ye uyarladığı Serbest Zamanda Algılanan Özgürlük Ölçeği (SZAÖÖ) ve Diener ve ark. (1985) tarafından geliştirilen Yetim (1991) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan 5 maddelik Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği (YDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verinin analizinde; frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma; bağımsız örneklemler için t testi, ANOVA ve Pearson Korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre katılımcıların serbest zamanda algıladıkları özgürlük düzeyinin yüksek olduğu her iki ölçeğin de demografik değişkenlere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Antalya’daki halkın rekreasyonel etkinliklere katılımının yoğun, algılanan özgürlüğün yüksek olduğu ve serbest zamanda algılanan özgürlüğün yaşam kalitesini pozitif yönde orta düzeyde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılabilir.
SPORCU ÖZ ŞEFKAT ÖLÇEĞİ-KISA FORMU: TÜRKÇEYE UYARLANMASI VE PSİKOMETRİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TİNGAZ Emre Ozan , ATALAY Zümra
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Killham, Mosewich, Mack, Gunnell ve Ferguson (2018) tarafından geliştirilen Sporcu Öz Şefkat Ölçeği’nin kısa formunu oluşturarak Türkçeye uyarlamak ve psikometrik özelliklerini incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda, ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerlik çalışması, açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA), doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) ve ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik çalışması yapılmıştır. Güvenirlik amacıyla Cronbach’s alpha iç tutarlık katsayısı ve test-tekrar test yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Dilsel eşdeğerlik çalışması sonucuna göre, İngilizce ve Türkçe formlar arasındaki uyum iyi düzeydedir (ICC=.806). Faktör analizi amacıyla 205 sporcu çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir (Yaşort=22.70, SS=6.09, %62.9 erkek, %36.6 kadın, %0.5 kendini kadın ya da erkek olarak tanımlamayan). AFA sonucunda maddelere ait faktör yüklerinin .582-.845 arasında, madde-ölçek korelasyon değerlerinin ise .411-.633 arasında olduğu görülmüştür. İkinci düzey DFA neticesinde ölçeğin iki alt bileşenden oluşan tek faktörlü bir yapı gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Uyum iyiliği indekslerinin kabul edilebilir ya da iyi uyum aralığında olduğu görülmüştür (RMSEA=.063, SRMR=.058, GFI =.933, AGFI=.902). Sporcu Öz Şefkat Ölçeği-Kısa Formu, Sporcu Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği ve Öz Şefkat Ölçeği ile pozitif yönde ilişkilidir. Ölçek, güvenilir düzeyde iç tutarlık göstermiştir (α=849). İki hafta aralıklı olarak uygulanan ölçeğin sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı mükemmel düzeydedir (ICC=.980). En nihayetinde, 12 maddelik tek faktörlü Sporcu Öz Şefkat Ölçeği-Kısa Formu’nun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.