bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arecoline Increases the Production of Nitric Oxide and Post-Translational S-Nitrosoproteome in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Wu Chien-Yi , Lin Wun-Rong , Jeng Cherng-Jye , Wu Chien-Hsing , Huang Bin
Published: October 2019

Background:

Arecoline is known as a carcinogenic toxicant. The refreshment effect of
arecoline is mainly due to the increase in vasodilation and blood flow. This is essential to understand
whether arecoline can induce the production of Nitric Oxide (NO•) and regulate the subsequent protein
S-nitrosylation in Endothelial Cells (ECs).

Objective:

The present study is focused on the promotion effect of arecoline in NO• production and the
subsequent regulation of S-nitrosoproteome.

Method:

The phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase serine 1177 residue (peNOSSer1177)
was investigated by western blot. By using a specific FA-OMe fluorescent probe, the NO• molecules
could be observed by fluorescent microscopy or flow cytometry. S-nitrosylated proteins were purified
by biotin switch and then subjected to the Isobaric Tag for Relative and Absolute Quantitation
(iTRAQ)-labeled shotgun proteomic analysis.

Results:

Our study reveals that a lower concentration of arecoline can increase the phosphorylation of
peNOSSer1177. Pretreatment of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) indicated that arecolineinduced
NO• production was mediated by e-NOS. We identified 224 proteins with up-regulated
S-nitrosylation and 159 proteins with down-regulated S-nitrosylation. The NO• binding sites of seven representative
S-nitrosoproteins were illustrated. The effect of arecoline on the S-nitrosylation of HSP60
chaperonin and calnexin was verified.

Conclusion:

Our experimental results proved that a lower concentration of arecoline could modulate
the production of NO• and the subsequent protein S-nitrosylation. Therefore, it is worthy for further
investigation and discussion if these S-nitrosoproteomes are important in maintaining endothelium
homeostasis.
Elucidating the Functional Role of Predicted miRNAs in Post- Transcriptional Gene Regulation Along with Symbiosis in Medicago truncatula
Authors: Chowdhury Moumita Roy , Basak Jolly , Bahadur Ranjit Prasad
Published: October 2019

Background:

microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs which inhibit translational and
post-transcriptional processes whereas long non-coding RNAs are found to regulate both
transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression. Medicago truncatula is a well-known
model plant for studying legume biology and is also used as a forage crop. In spite of its
importance in nitrogen fixation and soil fertility improvement, little information is available about
Medicago non-coding RNAs that play important role in symbiosis.

Objective:

In this study we have tried to understand the role of Medicago ncRNAs in symbiosis
and regulation of transcription factors.

Methods:

We have identified novel miRNAs by computational methods considering various
parameters like length, MFEI, AU content, SSR signatures and tried to establish an interaction
model with their targets obtained through psRNATarget server.

Results:

149 novel miRNAs are predicted along with their 770 target proteins. We have also
shown that 51 of these novel miRNAs are targeting 282 lncRNAs.

Conclusion:

In this study role of Medicago miRNAs in the regulation of various transcription
factors are elucidated. Knowledge gained from this study will have a positive impact on the
nitrogen fixing ability of this important model plant, which in turn will improve the soil fertility.
Digital Alerting and Outcomes in Patients With Sepsis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Joshi Meera , Ashrafian Hutan , Arora Sonal , Khan Sadia , Cooke Graham , Darzi Ara
Published: October 2019

Background

The diagnosis and management of sepsis remain a global health care challenge. Digital technologies have the potential to improve sepsis care.

Objective

The aim of this paper was to systematically review the evidence on the impact of digital alerting systems on sepsis related outcomes.

Methods

The following databases were searched for studies published from April 1964 to February 12, 2019, with no language restriction: EMBASE, MEDLINE, HMIC, PsycINFO, and Cochrane. All full-text reports of studies identified as potentially eligible after title and abstract reviews were obtained for further review. The search was limited to adult inpatients. Relevant articles were hand searched for other studies. Only studies with clear pre- and postalerting phases were included. Primary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS) and intensive care LOS, whereas secondary outcomes were time to antibiotics and mortality. Studies based solely on intensive care, case reports, narrative reviews, editorials, and commentaries were excluded. All other trial designs were included. A qualitative assessment and meta-analysis were performed.

Results

This review identified 72 full-text articles. From these, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. Of these, 8 studies reviewed hospital LOS, 12 reviewed mortality outcomes, 5 studies explored time to antibiotics, and 5 studies investigated intensive care unit (ICU) LOS. Both quantitative and qualitative assessments of the studies were performed. There was evidence of a significant benefit of digital alerting in hospital LOS, which reduced by 1.31 days (P=.014), and ICU LOS, which reduced by 0.766 days (P=.007). There was no significant association between digital alerts and mortality (mean decrease 11.4%; P=.77) or time to antibiotics (mean decrease 126 min; P=.13).

Conclusions

This review highlights that digital alerts can considerably reduce hospital and ICU stay for patients with sepsis. Further studies including randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm these findings and identify the choice of alerting system according to the patient status and pathological cohort.
Evaluating Mobile Apps and Biosensing Devices to Monitor Physical Activity and Respiratory Function in Smokers With and Without Respiratory Symptoms or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept, Open-Label, Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sharman Almaz , Zhussupov Baurzhan , Sharman Dana , Kim Irina
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global public health problem, and continuous monitoring is essential for both its management as well as the management of other chronic diseases. Telemonitoring using mobile health (mHealth) devices has the potential to promote self-management, improve control, increase quality of life, and prevent hospital admissions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to demonstrate whether a large-scale study assessing the use of mHealth devices to improve the treatment, assessment, compliance, and outcomes of chronic diseases, particularly COPD and cardio-metabolic syndrome, is feasible. This will allow our team to select the appropriate design and characteristics for our large-scale study.

METHODS

A total of 3 cohorts, with 9 participants in each, will use mHealth devices for 90 days while undergoing the current standard of care. These groups are: 9 “non-COPD,” otherwise healthy, smokers; 9 “grey zone” smokers (forced expiratory volume in 1 second/ forced vital capacity ≥0.70 after bronchodilator treatment; COPD Assessment Test ≥10); and 9 smokers diagnosed with Stage 1-3 COPD. Rates of recruitment, retention, and adherence will be measured. Overall, two mHealth devices will be utilized in the study: the AnaMed Original Equipment Manufacturer device (measures distance, energy expenditure, heart rate, and heart rate variability) and the Air Next mobile spirometry device. The mHealth devices will be compared against industry standards. Additionally, a questionnaire will be administered to assess the participants’ perceptions of the mHealth technologies used.

RESULTS

The inclusion of participants started in June 2019. Study results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will demonstrate whether a large-scale study to assess the use of mHealth devices to improve the treatment, assessment, compliance, and outcomes of chronic diseases, particularly COPD and cardio-metabolic syndrome, is feasible. It will also allow the research team to select the appropriate design and characteristics for the large-scale study.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04081961; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04081961

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/16461
Twitter Analysis of the Nonmedical Use and Side Effects of Methylphenidate, and User Sentiment about the Drug (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Jungu , Kim Su Cheol , Jeong Jaegwon , Kim Myeong Gyu
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Methylphenidate, a stimulant used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), has the potential for nonmedical uses such as study and recreation. In the era of active use of social networking services (SNSs), experience with the nonmedical use or side effects of methylphenidate might be shared on Twitter.

OBJECTIVE

To analyze monthly tweets about methylphenidate, its nonmedical use and side effects, and user sentiments about methylphenidate.

METHODS

Tweets mentioning methylphenidate from August 2018 to July 2019 were collected using search terms for methylphenidate and its brand names. Only tweets written in English were included. The monthly number of tweets about methylphenidate and the number of tweets containing keywords related to the nonmedical use and side effects of methylphenidate were analyzed. Precision was calculated as the number of true nonmedical use or side effects divided by the number of tweets containing each keywords. Sentiment analysis was conducted using the text and emoji in tweets, and tweets were categorized as very negative (less than -3), negative (-3 to -1), neutral (0), positive (1 to 3), or very positive (more than 3), depending on the sentiment score.

RESULTS

A total of 4,169 tweets were ultimately selected for analysis. The number of tweets per month was lowest in August (n=264) and highest in May (n=435). There were 292 (7.0%) tweets about nonmedical uses of methylphenidate. Among those, 200 (4.8%) described use for studying, and 15 (0.4%) described use for recreation. In 91 (2.2%) tweets, snorting methylphenidate was mentioned. Side effects of methylphenidate, mainly poor appetite (n=74, 1.8%) and insomnia (n=54, 1.3%), were reported in 316 (7.6%) tweets. The average sentiment score was 0.027 ± 1.475, and neutral tweets were the most abundant (n=1,593, 38.2%).

CONCLUSIONS

Tweets about methylphenidate were most abundant in May, mentioned nonmedical use for study or recreation, and contained information about side effects. Analysis of Twitter has the advantage of saving the cost and time needed to conduct a survey, and could help identify nonmedical uses and side effects of drugs.
Use of Mental Health Apps by Patients With Breast Cancer in the United States: Pilot Pre-Post Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chow Philip I , Showalter Shayna L , Gerber Matthew , Kennedy Erin M , Brenin David , Mohr David C , Lattie Emily G , Gupta Alisha , Ocker Gabrielle , Cohn Wendy F
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Nearly half of the patients with breast cancer experience clinically significant mental distress within the first year of receiving their cancer diagnosis. There is an urgent need to identify scalable and cost-efficient ways of delivering empirically supported mental health interventions to patients with breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of in-clinic recruitment for a mobile phone app study and to evaluate the usability and preliminary impact of a suite of mental health apps (IntelliCare) with phone coaching on psychosocial distress symptoms in patients recently diagnosed with breast cancer.

METHODS

This pilot study adopted a within-subject, 7-week pre-post study design. A total of 40 patients with breast cancer were recruited at a US National Cancer Institute–designated clinical cancer center. Self-reported distress (Patient Health Questionnaire-4) and mood symptoms (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System depression and anxiety scales) were assessed at baseline and postintervention. App usability was assessed at postintervention.

RESULTS

The minimum recruitment threshold was met. There was a significant decrease in general distress symptoms, as well as symptoms of depression and anxiety, from baseline to postintervention. Overall, participants reported high levels of ease of app use and learning. Scores for app usefulness and satisfaction were reinforced by some qualitative feedback suggesting that tailoring the apps more for patients with breast cancer could enhance engagement.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a dire need for scalable, supportive interventions in cancer. The results from this study inform how scalable mobile phone–delivered programs with additional phone support can be used to support patients with breast cancer.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/11452
GEOLOGY AND ORE MINERALISATION OF NEOGENE SEDIMENTARY ROCK HOSTED LS EPITHERMAL GOLD DEPOSIT AT PANINGKABAN, BANYUMAS REGENCY, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Idrus Arifudin , Hakim Fahmi , Warmada I Wayan , Aziz Mochammad , Kolb Jochen , Meyer Franz Michael
Published: October 2019

Low suphidation (LS) epithermal gold deposits were recently found in the Paningkaban area, Central Java province, Indonesia, with more than ﬁve hundred artisanal gold miners currently operating in the area. This study is aimed to understand the geological factors controlling the gold mineralization and to characterize the alteration and ore mineralogy of the deposit. Several epithermal veins/veinlets trending N–S, NW–SE, and NE–SW are hosted by Tertiary turbiditic volcanoclastic sedimentary rocks of the Halang formation. This formation is composed of looping gradation of sandstone and siltstone units. Pre- and syn-mineralization structures such as extension joints, normal sinitral fault and sinitral fault control the gold mineralization. Fault movements formed dilational jogs manifested by NW-SE-trending en-echelon tension gash veins. Four main alteration zones are identiﬁed: (a) phyllic, (b) argillic, (c) sub propylitic and (d) weak subpropylitic. Ore minerals consist of native gold, electrum, native silver, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, arsenopyrite, cubanite, marcasite, covellite and tennantite, which are commonly associated withargillic alteration. Vein structures such as massive, swarm and low angle veins, stockwork and veins dispersed in diatreme breccia are present. Normal banded, cockade, crustiform, bladed carbonates as well as, comb and saccharoidal features are the typical vein textures. It is noteworthy that the veins are basically composed of carbonate with minor quartz at gold grades of up to 83 g/t Au. Based on the vein structures and textures, four stages of ore mineralization were developed consisting of (a) early stage (ﬂuidized breccia and quartz vein), (b) middle stage (carbonate base metal), (c) late stage (late carbonate), and supergene stage. Gold mineralization originated mainly during middle and late stages, particularly in association with cockade, crustiform, bladed carbonate base metal veins. Based on those various features, the LS epithermal deposit in the study area is categorized as carbonate-base metalgold mineralization type.
Study on mineralogy and chemistry of the saprolitic nickel ores from Soroako, Sulawesi, Indonesia: Implication for the lateritic ore processing
Authors: Sufriadin Sufriadin , Idrus Arifudin , Pramumijoyo Subagyo , Warmada I Wayan , Imai Akira
Published: October 2019

An investigation of mineralogy and chemistry of saprolitic nickel ores developed on ultramafic rock with different serpentinization degree from Soroako, Sulawesi has been conducted using X ray diffraction, thermal analysis, FTIR, and ICP-AES. The implication for the processing of these ores under acidic media was also studied. Weathering of unserpentinized peridotite in the Soroako west block produces saprolitic ore containing minerals such as relict olivine, goethite, quartz, talc with minor serpentine and smectite; whereas the weathered materials overlaying serpentinized peridotite in the Petea area are mainly composed of residual serpentine with lesser chlorite, maghemite, and remnant pyroxene and amphibole. Chemical analysis determined by ICP-AES demonstrates that west ore is higher in Si, Mg, and Ni, as compared to that Petea ore. Conversely, Fe and Al concentrations are higher in Petea ore than in west block ore. SEM-EDX examination reveals that olivine, talc, serpentine and goethite are the Ni-bearing phases occurring in west block ore; while serpentine is the principal host for Ni in the Petea ore. Chemical leaching under sulfuric acid reveals that olivine has highest dissolution rate in the west ore followed by serpentine; while talc, pyroxene, and iron oxides have slow dissolution rates. In contrast, serpentine in Petea ore is easily dissolved and is followed by chlorite; whereas amphibole, pyroxene, and maghemite are difficult to leach. Quartz is present in both ores and it seems to be undissolved during the chemical leaching. It is shown that Ni recovery from Petea saprolitic ore is higher than that of West Block ore.
Mineral paragenesis and fluid inclusions of the Bincanai epithermal silver-base metal vein at Baturappe area, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Nur Irzal , Idrus Arifudin , Pramumijoyo Subagyo , Harijoko Agung , Imai Akira
Published: October 2019

The Baturappe prospect located at southern part of Sulawesi island, Indonesia, is a hydrothermal mineralization district which is characterized by occurrence of epithermal silver-base metal deposits. The mineralization is hosted in basaltic-andesitic volcanic rocks of the late Middle-Miocene Baturappe Volcanics. More than 20 units of quartz – base metal veins are distributed in the area, and one of the most significant is the Bincanai vein. This study is aimed to characterize the mineral paragenesis and to elucidate the physicochemical conditions of the formation of the deposit on the basis of mineral assemblage and fluid inclusion mictrothermometry. Sulphide assemblages in the vein indicate an intermediate sulfidation state epithermal; beside galena and sphalerite as the early stage minerals, chalcopyrite, tennantite, and tetrahedrite are also identified as the later stage. Microthermometric study of fluid inclusions in quartz indicates formation temperature of the vein ranges from about 230 to 280°C Histogram of homogenization temperature suggests that there are two generations of hydrothermal fluid responsible for the ore mineralization in the vein; the higher temperature range represents formation temperature of the base metal (galena, sphalerite), while the lower temperature range is correlate with the precipitation of the rest relatively lower temperature sulphides (chalcopyrite, pyrite, tetrahedrite, tennantite, polybasite, and Bi-Ag-Cu-Fe-bearing sulfide). The sequence is also consistent with the mineral paragenetic. The mean of salinity (2.0–2.5 wt.% NaCl eq.) indicates that fluid responsible for the mineralization in the Bincanai vein is relatively low-salinity fluid.
Petrogenetic interpretation of granitoid rocks using multicationic parameters in the Sanggau Area, Kalimantan Island, Indonesia
Authors: Linn Zaw Kyaw , Setijadji Lucas Donny , Warmada I Wayan , Watanabe Koichiro
Published: October 2019

Granitoid rock compositions from a range of tectonic environments are plotted on a multicationic diagram, based on major and trace element geochemistry and K-Ar dating. This shows that there is a different tectonic nature, rock affinity and suites. The basement granitoid rocks are ranging from diorite to granite composition. They appear to the products of crystallization differentiation of a calc-alkaline magma of island affinity and range to metaluminous granites, granodiorite and tonalite. The tectonic setting has two kinds which are subduction and post-subduction. The geochemical interpretation, origin and melting of mechanism and tectonic setting shows the types of granitoid are M and I-M type. The basement of granite and granodiorite are a segment of island arc that were happened the Sintang Intrusion as post subduction or syn-collision tectonic setting.

Keywords: Petrogenetic, tectonic, affinity, Sintang Intrusion, Kalimantan
Removal Of Copper From Water Using Columns Experiment Of Lignite, Shale, And Ironsand
Authors: Boreborey Ty , Wilopo Wahyu , Eka Putra Doni Prakasa
Published: October 2019

Experimental studies using column testing of lignite, shale, and ironsand in copper solution were carried out to determine the adsorption capacity of lignite, shale, and ironsand in remediation of water contaminated with copper. Lignite, shale, and ironsand were analyzed using XRD, SEM/EDX, and XRF. The treatment process by column adsorption was carried out over a period of 24 hours at a stable velocity of 0.005ml/s. After treatment, the remaining copper in the solution was recorded, thus allowing the adsorption capacity of lignite, shale, and ironsand to be calculated. The results revealed that when the solution was treated by lignite and shale there was a good degree of copper removal, while the ironsand had very poor degree of copper removal. The best material for copper removal was lignite with 25-mesh grain size. Pyrite, graphite, calcite, and illite were found in lignite and smectite, calcite, pyrite, hematite, and illite were found in shale. These materials were also shown to contain an abundance of high-valence elements in Al2O3, SiO2, and Fe3O4 which contributes to additional adsorption capacity. CAC values for lignite and shale reached nearly to 100%, suggesting that lignite and shale have a high adsorption capacity. In contrast, ironsand, which has mostly sand minerals with little clay and organic content, caused the pollutant to move rapidly to the water table, reducing the adsorption potential. CAC values treated by ironsand were shown to be negative which showed an increasing of Cu2+ in natural ironsand into solution. Keywords: Copper, ironsand, shale, lignite, column experiment
Lead Contamination In Soil Of Yogyakarta City, Indonesia
Authors: Budianta Wawan
Published: October 2019

This paper investigates on Pb concentrations and mobility in soil of overall Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. The objectives of this study include to investigate Pb concentrations in the surface soil throughout Yogyakarta and to study their possible sources and potential environmental impacts. The soil samples from 168 locations in Yogyakarta was obtained, representing different land use and traffic conditions. Spatial analysis and sequential extraction analysis were performed. Generally, contour pattern of Pb value clearly shows that high value is concentrated in the middle and few north part of the study area, confirmed by traffic condition in the study area. In general, the results of sequential extraction analysis shows that Pb was predominantly associated with exchangeable fraction. The presence of lead in the exchangeable fractions may pose a serious environmental concern since they are highly soluble and potentially bio-available in the soil of study area. Keywords: Soil, lead contamination, GIS, sequential extraction.
WEATHERING STAGE CONTROL OF TUFF AND ITS INFLUENCE TO THE MALINO–MANIPI LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY, SOUTH SULAWESI INDONESIA
Authors: Busthan Busthan , Imran A.M. , Samang L. , Ramli M.
Published: October 2019

In 2013 there has been 34 incidents of landslides which cut the roads linking between Gowa and Sinjai off. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect on the stage of weathering of landslide in the study area. Methods used in this study are field survey, petrographic analysis, XRD analysis and shear strength testing of rock. Field survey results indicates that the area is dominated by tuffs that are partly volcanic breccia and lava. Petrographic analysis, showing the dominant composition of tuff with volcanic glass, bitownite, pyroxene and opaque minerals, and XRD analysis results indicate weathering tuffs that have experienced high and completely weathered contain smectite and halloysite clay types, and insitu shear strength test results indicate a strong shift to the lower tuff with high stage of weathering. Keywords: Susceptability to landslides, the stage of weathering, halloysite and smectite, shear strength, roads of Malino–Manipi
GEOCHEMICAL VARIATIONS ON HOSTED VOLCANIC ROCKS OF CIBALIUNG EPITHERMAL GOLD MINERALISATION, BANTEN – INDONESIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR DISTRIBUTION OF SUBDUCTION COMPONENTS
Authors: Titisari Anastasia Dewi , Phillips David , Hartono Hartono
Published: October 2019

Subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate formed at least seven magmatic arcs in Indonesia. One of the magmatic arcs is the Neogene Sunda-Banda arc hosts various style of gold mineralisation such as Cibaliung epithermal gold mineralisation. Major and trace element data for host volcanic rocks to the Cibaliung epithermal gold mineralisation is provided by this study to identify the magmatic arc system and the distribution of subduction components. Enriched LILE (Large Ion Lithopile Element) and LREE (Light Rare Earth Element) compositions for basaltic andesite – rhyodacitic samples from the Cibaliung district are characteristic of calc-alkaline arcs. In this typical volcanic arc, the subduction component can be shown to make a dominant contribution to its content of LILE such as Rb, K, Th, and Ba enriched (more than 88%) relative to the mantle and within plate inputs. The incompatible elements (Hf, Zr, and Nb) cannot be observed in the subduction component and thus assumed to be derived from trace element enriched sub-continental lithosphere. These incompatible elements are defined as conservative elements therefore it suggests that the magma occurrence is related to a hydrous slab component. Keywords: Subduction, Indo-Australian plate, magmatic arcs, volcanic rocks, Cibaliung, epithermal gold.
AN EVALUATION OF ROCK SLOPE STABILITY USING LIMIT EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES
Authors: Aprilia Faridha , Indrawan I Gde Budi
Published: October 2019

The stability of rock slopes is controlled by several factors, such as the intact rock strength, discontinuity characteristics, groundwater condition, and slope geometry. Limit equilibrium (LE) analyses have been commonly used in geotechnical practice to evaluate the stability of rock slopes. A number of methods of LE analyses, ranging from simple to sophisticated methods, have been developed. This paper presents stability analyses of rock slopes at the Batu Hijau open mine in Sumbawa Barat using various methods of LE analyses. The LE analyses were conducted at three cross sections of the northern wall of the open mine using the Bishop Simplified, Janbu Simplified, Janbu Generalised, and General Limit Equilibrium (GLE) methods in Slide slope stability package. In addition, a Plane Failure (PF) analysis was performed manually. Shear strength data of the discontinuity planes used in the LE analyses were obtained from back analyses of previous rock slope failures. The LE analysis results showed that the rock slopes were likely to have shallow non-circular critical failure surfaces. The factor of safety (Fs) values obtained from the Bishop Simplified, Janbu Simplified, Janbu Generalised, and GLE methods were found to be similar, while the Fs values obtained from the PF method were higher than those obtained from the more rigorous methods. Keywords: Batu Hijau mine, Bishop Simplified, Janbu Simplified, Janbu Generalised, limit equilibrium analyses, general limit equilibrium, rock slope stability, plane failure.
OVERVIEW OF DEEP GEOLOGICAL CO2 STORAGE AND ITS AREA SELECTION METHOD
Authors: Setijadji Lucas Donny
Published: October 2019

Geological sequestration of CO2 inside deep geologic formations is revolutionary among several other initiatives to combat the global warming. This method is already approved globally as a reliable and likely to be the only option that will allow removing CO2 in large enough quantities over short enough times to make a real difference. The first step of any geological CO2 storage projects is to select appropriate sedimentary basins in which CO2 will be injected and stored temporarily or permanently within permeable geological layers. The criteria for site selection methods are here explained based on summary from stateof-the-art research findings now exist. This method is planned to be applied for a more detailed mapping of potential sedimentary basins in Indonesia and neighboring regions.

Keywords: Sequestration, sedimentary basin, geological layers.
COPPER (Cu2+) REMOVAL FROM WATER USING NATURAL ZEOLITE FROM GEDANGSARI, GUNUNGKIDUL, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wilopo Wahyu , Haryono Septiawan Nur , Eka Putra Doni Prakasa , Warmada I Wayan , Hirajima Tsuyoshi
Published: October 2019

Development of indusrialization and urbanization not only increase economic growth but also contribute to the environmental degradation, especially contamination of heavy metals in water. In other side, there are many geological materials have capability to immobilize heavy metals. Therefore, the objective of this research is to know the maximum capacity of natural zeolite from Trembono area, Gunung Kidul regency to immobilize copper (Cu2+) from water and to understand their mechanism. This experiment was carry out by a batch test. The result showed that the maximum capacity of zeolite to immobilize Cu (qmax) is 63,69 mmolCu/kg Zeolite according to Langmuir adsorption equilibrium model. In addition, the capability to immobilize Cu will increases due to decreasing the grain size. The result of this research can be used as an alternative for waste water treatment, especially Cu.

Keywords: Removal, copper (Cu2+), natural zeolite, Langmuir isotherm
GROUNDWATER VULNERABILITY OF PANDAK AND BAMBANGLIPURO, YOGYAKARTA SPECIAL PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Snguon Leakhena , Eka Putra Doni Prakasa , Hendrayana Heru
Published: October 2019

The study of intrinsic vulnerability of groundwater was generated in order to delineate groundwater protection zone in Pandak and Bambanglipuro, Indonesia, whose mainly water supply is from groundwater. Two methods of vulnerability mapping are chosen for the evaluation; DRASTIC method and Hoelting method. The resulted maps conducted from these method are validated using the actual contaminant concentration through the impact of on-site sanitation, for instance nitrate as it is proved to be very stable contaminants in groundwater. Considered in different hydrogeological setting, these two methods have produced various results at the certain site. However, its reliability has been drawn upon the nitrate concentration at the study areas.

Keywords: Intrinsic groundwater, vulnerability, DRASTIC, Hoelting methods, nitrate contamination
INFLUENCE OF GEOLOGICAL CONDITION TOWARDS SLOPE STABILITY ON LANDSLIDE: CASE STUDY IN TENGKLIK VILLAGE, TAWANGMANGU DISTRICT, KARANGANYAR REGENCY, CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Najib Najib , Karnawati Dwikorita , Sudarno Ignatius
Published: October 2019

A rain-induced landslide has occured in Guyon Village, Tengklik Tawangmangu District Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia on February 2009. The movement was initiated by crack occurrence, 30 cm in depth and 2 meter in length. Such crack continuously developed in depth, extention and numbers, until then it resulted in land subsidence up to 260 cm in depth. Accordingly, ten houses were damaged and ten of families must be evacuated. This subsidence is very potential to further grow and create more consequences for human life and houses / land damage. Therefore, this research is carried out to understand the influence of geological factors and rainfall to the landslide phenomena. This research conducted engineering geology investigation such as mapping, drilling, insitu test, XRD test, soil mechanic test and slope stability analysis by limit equilibrium method i.e. Seep/W and Slope/W. By those research activities, the cause and mechanism of landslide can be understood. Rainfall characteristics which triggered such landslide can also be identified.

Based on those investigations, it is found that the landslide occurred in slow rate sliding (creep) due to the control of slope stratigraphy conditions and gentle slope inclination, which is induced by rainfall. Stratigraphy condition that plays important role in landslide mechanism are the permeable layers consisted of sandy silt (shear strength 12 kPa) and silty sandstone (shear strength 18 kPa) overlaid above impermeable andesite breccia (shear strength 104 kPa). Undulating slope may induce landslide in creep rotational type. Based on slope stability simulation, it is known that rainfall triggered landslide is rainfall 20 mm/ day average precipitation in 55 days and rainfall 20 mm/ day average precipitation in 49 days followed by one day with 178 mm/ day average precipitation.

Keywords: Landslides, slope stability
LOCAL SITE RESPONSE ON SIMULATED STRONG EARTHQUAKE MOTION AT LAEM CHABANG PORT, THAILAND
Authors: Pongvithayapanu Pulpong , Teachavorasinskun Supot
Published: October 2019

Laem Chabang port, located in Chonburi province in the upper Gulf of Thailand, is similar to many of the ports around the world. Some areas of Leam Cha bang port were layered by backfill materials which are highly suspected to soil liquefaction phenomena from the moderate to strong earthquakes. After one of the world’s largest earthquakes of December 26th, 2004 (Magnitude 9.1) occurred in the region off the west coast of northern Sumatra, various existing active faults have been reported to have more potential to generate future earthquakes. Among those active faults, Ranong and Khlong Marui fault zone, distributed around the south and the upper Gulf of Thailand, have been evidenced to have more seismic activities than December 2004. The closet distance between Leam Chabang port and the extension of Ranong fault zone to the upper Gulf of Thailand is approximately 180-200 km. Though not too close, it is still probable to generate strong earthquakes. This study, for that reason, aims to investigate the local site responses of the filled area at Laem Chabang port due to afresh seismic Ranong active fault by employing the equivalent linear ground response analysis. The complete strong earthquake motion time history from the Ranong fault would be synthetically generated and inputted as a bedrock motion underneath the site of interest. The simplified analysis of liquefaction potential assessment based on the results from local site response would be additionally adopted to evaluate the liquefaction susceptibility around this site. The simulation results indicated that some backfill soil layers which have the very low SPT N-value were significantly suspected to liquefy under strong earthquake motions.

Keywords: Local site response, synthetic accelerogram, liquefaction potential, backfill, Laem Chabang port
CALDERA ACTIVITIES IN NORTH BALI, INDONESIA
Authors: - K. Watanabe , - T. Yamanaka , - A. Harijoko , - C. Saitra , - I W. Warmada
Published: October 2019

One of the most serious natural hazards is largescaled Plinian eruption that forms caldera. Although the probability to have such large-scaled eruption is very low, the result will be catastrophic if it happens. Thus, it is important to clarify features of caldera system including eruption timing, scale of eruption, precursor activity, etc. With enough scientific information, we may be able to mitigate such very rare but extremely large-scaled geohazard. In Bali Island, Indonesia, there are two caldera systems; Batur caldera and Buyan-Bratan caldera. Batur caldera was previously well studied (e.g. Sutawijaya, 2009), whilst Buyan-Bratan caldera’s geological and volcanological features have not been examined at all. The Buyan-Bratan caldera is about 6 km × 11 km in size and contains three caldera lakes. Wellformed several post-caldera cones are covered by thick soil and vegetation and developed from central to southern part of the caldera. BuyanBratan caldera and post-caldera cones are thought to be older than Batur caldera activities. Geothermal manifestation is confirmed within the caldera. Geological features of the Buyan-Bratan caldera and post-caldera cones were clarified by petrographic and petrochemical analyses. Also, KAr ages were obtained for each volcanic edifice in Buyan-Bratan caldera system.

Keywords: Caldera, Plinian eruption, Buyan, Batur, volcano hazards
The Effect of Dayak Onion Bulb Ethanol Extract (Sisyrinchium palmifolium L.) on Triglyceride Level and Aorta Histopathology in Diabetes Melitus White Rat Induced by Alloxan
Authors: Wardani I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma , Megawati Fitria , Suena Ni Made Dharma Shantini
Published: October 2019

The high prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia has made antidiabetic treatment efforts increasingly popular. In addition, the many side effects caused by the use of chemical drugs, triggered the development of research on herbal therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Dayak onion bulb extract in reducing two-hour postprandial blood glucose, triglyceride levels, and the amount of lipid vacuoles in aorta blood vessels of diabetic rat. The long-term goal of this study is the creation of innovation products in the form of standardized herbs as complementary therapies that can be used daily by the community, so that the risk of morbidity can be reduced. The research design used was randomized control group pretest posttest design. The results of blood glucose analysis showed that there were significant differences between the positive control group with the 400 mg/KgBW and 800 mg/KgBW extract group, with a significance value of 0,000. In the extract group, 400 mg/KgBW with 800 mg/KgBW extract group showed no significant difference with a significance value of 0.390. The results of the analysis of triglyceride levels showed no significant difference between the positive control group with the 400 mg/KgBW extract group, with a significance value of 0.981. However, there were significant differences between the positive control group with the 800 mg/KgBW extract group with a significance value of 0.025. Between the 400 mg/KgBW and 800 mg/KgBW extract groups, there was a difference with a significance value of 0.024. Aorta histopathology results showed that there was a significant difference in the number of lipid vacuoles between the positive control group and the 400 mg/KgBW extract group and 800 mg/KgBW extract group. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the extract dose of 400 mg/KgBW is a dose that is able to influence the decrease in blood glucose levels, triglycerides and the amount of lipid vacuoles in the aorta blood vessels.
Study of Impacts of Ganoderma applanatum (Pres.) Pat. Extract on Hepatic and Renal Biochemical Parameters of Rats
Authors: Dandapat Sukumar , Kumar Manoj , Ranjan Rakesh , Sinaha Manoranjan Prasad
Published: October 2019

Traditionally, Ganoderma applanatum was used as medicinal supplement for treatment of different diseases. In this study, biochemical screening, acute toxicity, and impact of G. applanatum aqueous extract on liver and renal parameters were studied. Qualitative screening of G. applanatum aqueous extract showed presence of various biochemicals such as tannin, phenolics, proteins, flavanoids and other biochemicals. FTIR analysis also showed spectrum transmission peaks for different mycochemicals such as3248. 13cm-1 for phenol O-H stretch, 1597.06cm-1 for primary amine N-H stretch, 783.10cm-1 for aromatic (meta disub benzene) C-H stretch. The extract increased body weight (Initial body weight: 181.74g; final body weight: 185.08g) when compared to control group (Initial body weight: 178.61 g; final body weight: 181.14 g) in acute toxicity test dose (2000mg/kg). Similar insignificant in final body weight of animals of different groups were observed when compared to initial body weight of animals used for the study of live and renal profile. The extract had no significant effect on organ weight. Low dose (200mg kg-1) of extract insignificantly decrease AST (51.71±0.61 mg dL-1), ALT (146.07±0.89 mg dL-1), ALP (174.68±0.65 mg dL-1) and bilirubin (0.61±0.01 mg dL-1) level and significantly elevated serum albumin level (6.63±0.22 g dL-1) compare to control group.  Low dose (200mg kg-1) extract showed similar insignificant decrease in serum urea (61.30±1.05 mg dL-1) and creatinine level (0.90±0.02 mg dL-1) and significantly decreased serum uric acid level (19.52±1.14 mg dL-1) compare to control group of rats. Thus, dose-oriented application of G. applanatum extract can be beneficial for treatment of hepatic and renal diseases.
Penetrasi Teknologi Informasi dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Serentak 2018
Authors: Cahyaningsih Agustina , Wijayadi Hendaryanto , Kautsar Ryan
Published: October 2019

Tulisan ini menyibak sejauh mana penetrasi teknologi informasi berdasarkan tahapantahapan dalam pilkada mampu memenuhi tuntutan publik atas penyelenggaraannya yang berkualitas dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Kajian ini penting untuk dilakukan karena pemanfaatan teknologi telah diterapkan di hampir semua aspek pengelolaan proses pemilihan. Perhelatan pilkada selalu menjadi perhatian besar publik, dimana terjadi peningkatan partisipasi aktif masyarakat, baik dalam proses pemilihan maupun pengawasan, dimulai dari tahun 2009 ketika pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam beberapa siklus pemilihan di Indonesia mulai digunakan. Dengan menggunakan tiga level indikator, yaitu tools, enabler, dan transformer untuk mengetahui tingkatan penetrasi pemanfaatan teknologi informasi apakah sudah memenuhi prinsip efektif, efisien, transparan, akuntabel, dan aksesibel. Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi merupakan sebuah kebutuhan terkini yang harus dipertimbangkan dalam penyelenggaraan pilkada yang inklusif dan aksesibel, baik bagi pemilih, peserta, maupun penyelenggara pilkada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi SITUNG masih dalam kategori tools dan aplikasi SIDALIH sudah masuk dalam level enabler. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi tersebut merupakan hasil penetrasi teknologi informasi dalam pilkada, khususnya pada proses pemutakhiran data pemilih dan penyusunan daftar pemilih serta proses perhitungan suara. Implementasi kedua teknologi informasi dalam pilkada berkontribusi menghasilkan data pemilu yang akurat, meningkatnya partisipasi pemilih dan kepercayaan publik.
Botoh dalam Pilkada: Studi Pola Kerja dan Transformasi Botoh dalam Pilkada Kudus 2018
Authors: Hartati Acidieni , Nafisa Arika Yustafida , Hidayanti Trias Tuti
Published: October 2019

Artikel ini mengelaborasi pola kerja botoh dalam vote buying di pemilihan bupati Kudus 2018. Studi botoh pada umumnya melihat botoh sebagai aktor yang hanya meraup keuntungan finansial dari proses demokrasi di aras lokal. Dalam artikel ini, botoh diletakkan sebagai aktor non elektoral informal yang tidak saja memengaruhi perilaku politik pemilih tetapi juga mampu memengaruhi perolehan suara, bahkan membalikkan hasil akhir dalam pilkada. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus, peneliti berusaha menggali data dengan wawancara, observasi sekaligus mengumpulkan data dokumentasi dari instansi terkait, diharapkan mampu mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pola kerja botoh dalam pilkada Kudus 2018. Studi ini menunjukkan dengan kerja tim dalam sebuah jaringan yang dibentuk, botoh mampu membalikkan hasil akhir perolehan suara. Dari penelitian ini, ditemukan pola kerja botoh menjadi empat kategori berdasarkan tujuan dan cara kerjanya, yaitu (1) murni taruhan, (2) tujuan ekonomi/taruhan yang dibalut dengan tindakan politik, (3) botoh yang menjadi bagian mekanisme pemenangan kandidat, dan (4) botoh pemodal. Kategori tersebut menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi transformasi pola kerja botoh yang pada awalnya merupakan kegiatan judi taruhan menjadi judi politik. Dan, transformasi pola kerja botoh ini pada akhirnya justru merusak sendi-sendi demokrasi itu sendiri karena ikut menyumbang terbentuknya pragmatisme perilaku pemilih.
Reviving critical thinking and sense of ethics and humanity through “Exploring Human Enhancement Technology”
Authors: Hartanti Wika , Mahardinata Nurazid , Sastrowijoto Soenarto
Published: October 2019

Background The advancement of human enhancement technology (HET) has raised concerns among bioethicist due to its potential to undermine human nature. The existence and application of this technology in medical practice is inevitable facts which shifted medical practice. Medical education institutions have no choice except to prepare and equip future doctors with moral and ethical capacity to deal with this challenge, hence the development of this HET module.ObjectiveOur study aimed to explore students’ perspectives and acceptance of the HET module.MethodWe asked students to write daily commentaries expressing their perspectives and acceptance throughout the module. Content analysis was performed on these textual data based on three main issues: (1) opinions on the module design (contents and methods); (2) reflections on overall learning experiences; and (3) applicability of the knowledge and skills. We analysed students’ grade to confirm achievements of learning objectives and effectivity of the module.Results A total of 78 medical students self-enrolled into this elective module in 2015 and 2016, and wrote daily commentaries posted online. Most students thought that the teaching methods were stimulating critical thinking, encouraging open-safe discussion, and sensitizing students to humanity issues. Topics related to ethics, humanities, and social sciences discussed were perceived as interesting and provided new perspectives. In overall reflection, students felt for the 1sttime in medical school they had an enjoyable yet life-changing learning experience through this module. Students were inspired to use the knowledge and skills gained from this module to be better doctors, deliver comprehensive patient care, and contribute more to humanity. The LOs were well achieved as indicated with the students’ understanding of the HET concept and discourses, and their ability to show critical analysis, build and present logical-ethical arguments, and suggest a recommendation for better HET application in their group as well as individual works.ConclusionThe module was delivered effectively and well accepted by the students. Most importantly, the module had successfully engaged students in various personalized form and influenced students’ positive transformation regarding personal, academic and professional commitments. The module showed potentials for further development and implementation as part of the mandatory medical curriculum.
Training Effectiveness in Change Knowledge and Attitude of Social Health Workers (Cadres) on Tuberculosis Disease
Authors: Prasetyorini Diah , Kusnanto Hari , Claramita Mora
Published: October 2019

Background: Tuberculosis is a contagious disease that is still a public health problem. Indonesia is the country with the second most frequent tuberculosis cases in the world. One of the element that play a role in tuberculosis control is qualified human resources, including health cadres.Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of training to increase knowledge and change the attitude of the health cadres against tuberculosis in Gunungkidul.Methods: This study uses the Quasy Experiment research design, with a pretest-posttest design. Before the given intervention is given a pretest, then intervention in the form of training, after that do the posttest. After that analysis and test significance.Results: There were 70 health cadres, 35 were given intervention (training) and 35 as controls. There was a significant increase in knowledge in training cadres (p < 0.05) and there was a difference in the level of knowledge between trained and untrained (p < 0.05), there was a change in attitude on the trained and untrained cadres (p < 0.05).Conclusions: With the training, it can be improve knowledge and influence the attitude of health cadres against tuberculosis.