bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A wavelet analysis of monetary policy transmission channels in Morocco
Authors: Ouchchikh Rachid , Belghouat Khalil , Ait Bari Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This paper examines the effects of monetary policy and the interdependencies between the real economy, the financial sector and monetary variables.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors employ the continuous wavelet transform to examine how the relationship between the variables in question evolves over time and across various frequencies.

Findings

The results underscore the ineffectiveness of the exchange rate channel. Despite monetary policy consistently leading long-term interest rates, its limited impact on investment suggests the interest rate channel may be less operational. Conversely, the study presents evidence supporting the credit channel’s effectiveness, not only in low market volatility but also during economic downturns. Finally, the examination of the asset prices channel uncovers that the stock market was influenced by monetary policy during its brisk ascent, while real estate led monetary policy.

Practical implications

The study yields several practical implications. It emphasizes employing advanced mathematical methods to capture the dynamic relationships between monetary policy and economic variables. It highlights the importance of a resilient banking sector given its significant role in the economic advancement of the country. It underscores the need to develop a more inclusive and dynamic financial system and diversify funding alternatives for the private sector to make asset prices a pivotal channel for achieving monetary policy objectives. And with Morocco’s transition to an inflation targeting framework and a flexible exchange rate regime, assessing the effectiveness of the interest rate and exchange rate channels becomes crucial. While the innovative use of wavelet coherence methodology sets a precedent for evaluating monetary policy transmission channels in developing countries, urging researchers and policymakers to explore novel quantitative approaches.

Originality/value

This article stands out as one of the few to employ the wavelet coherence methodology to investigate monetary policy transmission across multiple channels, specifically within the context of a developing country.
Risk assessment of mountain tunnel entrance collapse based on PSO-LSTM surface settlement prediction
Authors: Sun Yazhen , Lin Kun , Wang Jinchang , Zhu Fengbin , Wang Longyan , Lu Linhan
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Predicting surface settlement at mountain tunnel entrances during construction is increasingly crucial for risk analysis, as the accuracy of these predictions directly impacts collapse risk assessments and personnel safety.

Design/methodology/approach

This study introduces a novel approach using a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-optimized long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network for surface settlement prediction. The PSO algorithm optimizes key hyperparameters of the LSTM model, including the number of hidden layer neurons, the learning rate and L2 regularization, while the Adam optimizer refines LSTM iterations. Dropout is used in combination with adaptive L2 regularization parameters to avoid overfitting situations, and sensitivity analysis of the remaining variables ensures the identification of the optimal solution.

Findings

The model, based on monitoring data from the Aketepu No. 1 Tunnel’s left tunnel, establishes evaluation criteria incorporating error margins and root mean square error (RMSE). By examining the range of maximum (minimum) settlement rates for the cumulative settlement values, the study determined that the section is exposed to an average risk of collapse with slow deformation, which is consistent with actual observations.

Originality/value

This suggests that construction can proceed normally, with appropriate monitoring to mitigate the risk of collapse. The PSO-LSTM forecast model presents a promising approach for predicting collapse risks at mountain tunnel entrances.
An adaptive organisational leadership framework through systems thinking
Authors: Abukalusa Khalid , Oosthuizen Rudolph
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to present an adaptive organisational leadership framework using systems thinking (ST) to address challenges within volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA) environments. The framework is intended to guide leaders in improving organisational adaptability and resilience.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic literature review was conducted alongside qualitative interviews with 16 experienced leaders from various sectors. A semi-structured interview format ensured robust validation of the proposed framework. The synthesis of primary and secondary data identified critical elements for effective adaptive leadership in a VUCA context.

Findings

The adaptive leadership framework consists of three core components: the leader, the followers and the organisational context. ST, future thinking, mental models and adaptive change management form the structural basis of the framework. Interviews with industry experts highlighted mental models’ critical role in adaptive change, highlighting their importance for decision-making. The findings demonstrate the framework’s potential for enhancing strategic responses to complex challenges.

Practical implications

The framework provides practical guidance for contemporary leaders, helping them to foster a culture of adaptability within their organisations to manage complex situations better.

Originality/value

This research introduces a novel framework integrating adaptive leadership qualities with ST principles. A systemigram illustrates how interconnected elements empower leaders to navigate dynamic environments effectively. The framework addresses current leadership model gaps by promoting resilience and agility.
Understanding the relationship between coopetition and startups’ resilience: the role of entrepreneurial ecosystem and dynamic exchange capability
Authors: Zhang Mengjie , Li Xiaolin
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to grounded in the dynamic capability theory and focuses on the dynamic exchange capability framework, encompassing networkbuilding capability and resource integration capability, to explore the relationship between coopetition and resilience, with ecosystem digitalization serving as the boundary condition.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a survey study among 382 B2B startups with second-hand data from the city level.

Findings

Startups engaged in coopetition activities can build resilience through the mediating effects of network-building capability and resource integration capability. In addition, ecosystem digitalization positively moderates these relationships.

Practical implications

This study advocates for entrepreneurs to leverage coopetition to enhance resilience by activating network-building capability and resource integration capability and to apply ecosystem digitalization throughout this transformation process.

Originality/value

Many studies have discussed how to strengthen the resilience of startups, but the role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in constructing resilience has received little attention. This study contributes to the understanding of the causal relationship between entrepreneurial ecosystem and entrepreneurship, promotes the development of the dynamic exchange capability framework, and sheds light on the flow of resources across borders within ecosystems.
The impact of Russian–Ukrainian conflict on international financial markets: a comparative analysis of oil-importing and oil-exporting countries
Authors: Salem Rania Abdelfattah , Lila Salma , Lewaaelhamd Israa
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the effect of the Russian–Ukrainian conflict on international financial markets. The authors investigate the impact of oil price fluctuations on stock markets’ performance in oil-importing versus oil-exporting countries in the period 2017–2023, pre and during the Russian–Ukrainian conflict.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper applies Static Panel Data for the monthly periods from 1 January 2017–31 December 2019, reflecting the time pre-conflict and from 28 November 2021–25 September 2023, reflecting the time during the conflict.

Findings

Oil prices has a significant negative impact on stock market performance in both oil-importing and exporting countries. Further analysis shows that the Russian–Ukrainian conflict reveals significant negative impact for exporting countries before the conflict, whereas the negative impact is only significant during the conflict in the case of importing countries.

Research limitations/implications

The findings are subject to several limitations. Focusing solely on the Russia–Ukraine conflict limits the generalizability of the results. The study captures only short-term effects, potentially missing longer-term market dynamics. Data constraints and the use of fixed and random effects models may not fully account for complex, nonlinear relationships. Additionally, excluding factors like interest rates and trade dynamics narrows the analysis, and treating oil-exporting and importing countries as homogenous groups overlooks critical country-specific factors. These limitations highlight important avenues for future research to gain a more nuanced understanding of geopolitical impacts on financial markets.

Practical implications

The Russia–Ukraine conflict highlights the urgent need for oil-importing countries to diversify their energy sources to reduce supply risks and stabilize markets. Moreover, investors should refine their strategies by adopting a more detailed, asset-specific approach and dynamic portfolio management to mitigate risks. Including crude oil in diversified portfolios can hedge against market volatility, providing stability during geopolitical crises.

Social implications

Given the global nature of oil markets, enhanced international policy coordination is crucial. Policymakers must collaborate to swiftly address oil supply disruptions, particularly as major economies like the US play pivotal roles in transmitting oil shocks. Additionally, understanding the interaction between economic variables and market dynamics will further strengthen risk management and policy interventions, enhancing overall financial stability.

Originality/value

This research presents a seminal study examining the relationship between oil prices and the stock market amid the Russian–Ukrainian conflict. The authors analyse the effect of oil price fluctuations caused by the conflict on stock markets in oil importing versus oil exporting countries.
AI-powered floor plan analysis for feature extraction in automated valuation models
Authors: Kringeland Tor , Aarsnes Ulf Jakob Flø , Oust Are
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to test whether floor plan image segmentation can be used to improve automated valuation model (AVM) accuracy and whether image segmentation provides the opportunity to assess single aspects of property floor plans.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a dataset comprising floor plans of 5,498 apartments sold in Oslo, we estimate balcony sizes by image-segmenting the rooms in floor plans using our machine learning model FloorPlanNet and extracting the size of the balcony from the segmentation. We also extract balcony size using text recognition. Then we utilize two models for AVM estimation – hedonic regression (linear OLS) and the non-linear XGBoost model – before measuring feature importance using SHAP.

Findings

Our experiments show that including balcony size as a feature in AVMs enhances model performance. We also find that balcony size has a positive but diminishing impact on property price.

Research limitations/implications

Demonstrating that image segmentation can be used for valuation in AVMs opens up the possibility to value numerous other aspects of dwelling floor plans.

Practical implications

The use of floor plans in AVMs can provide a more objective valuation of single apartment floor plan aspects, giving architects and developers better insights into how homes should be designed.

Originality/value

To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to extract features for use in AVMs from floor plans.
Exploring the O Zone effect: how own, others and outer influences shape green purchasing behaviour in e-commerce
Authors: Sharma Nitika , Paço Arminda
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to explore the impact of Own, Others and Outer influences (O3) on green purchasing behaviour in e-commerce. The study uses the O ZONE model and Stimulus–Organism–Behaviour–Consequence (SOBC) framework to analyse the impact of green intentions, green product awareness and green self-efficacy.

Design/methodology/approach

This study collected data from 405 respondents through a self-administered questionnaire and analysed the data via partial least squares structural equation modelling and necessary condition analysis using the software SmartPLS.

Findings

The findings indicate that O3 factors significantly affect green product awareness among consumers, with “Own” having no impact in ecommerce. Furthermore, this study found that green self-efficacy fully mediates the relationship between green product awareness and purchasing intentions. Interestingly, the results suggest that e-commerce recommendations (others) and marketer persuasion (outer influence) have a greater impact on green product awareness, which in turn influences green buying intentions via green self-efficacy, compared to personal knowledge (own). Finally, it shows that green purchase intentions lead to green buying behaviour.

Practical implications

This study helps to understand how to create green product awareness through information transfer and ways to enhance green self-efficacy to motivate green buying behaviour. Hence, it offers valuable insights for practitioners, policymakers and managers in green and digital marketing, highlighting the importance of effective knowledge transfer to enhance green consumer behaviour. Marketers can better understand the factors influencing consumers’ awareness of green products, such as personal knowledge, online reviews, recommendations from e-commerce websites and marketing campaigns.

Social implications

The findings add new insights to the existing knowledge of green purchasing behaviour in e-commerce by highlighting the importance of understanding the factors that influence consumers’ green product awareness and self-efficacy. In addition, it underscores the relative impact of O3 factors on green purchasing behaviour, aiding the development of effective marketing strategies promoting green products in ecommerce platform.

Originality/value

Highlighting the ever-evolving nature of the e-commerce industry, this study stresses the importance of staying abreast of trends for marketer success. It reiterates the significance of adapting strategies to align with emerging industry practices and consumer preferences.
The influence of quality signals on consumers’ online viewing behavior based on the signal authenticity and dual functions of price
Authors: Cui Ningning , Zhang Jianyu
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the film industry has underscored the growing significance of online movies. However, there is limited research available on the factors that influence the viewership of online films. Therefore, this study aims to use the signaling theory to investigate how signals of varying qualities affect online movie viewership, considering both signal transmission costs and prices.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a sample of 1,071 online movies released on the iQiyi from July 2020 to July 2022. It uses OLS regression and instrumental variable method to examine the impact of various quality indicators on the viewership of online movies, as well as the moderating effect of price.

Findings

After conducting a thorough analysis of this study, it can be deduced that the varying impacts on online movie viewership are attributed to disparities in signal transmission costs. Specifically, star influence and rating exhibit a positive effect on the viewership of online movies, whereas the number of raters has a detrimental impact. Furthermore, there exists an “inverted U-shaped” relationship between the number of reviews and online movie viewership. Additionally, within the consumer decision-making process, both price-cost and price-quality relationships coexist. This is evident as prices negatively affect online movie viewership but positively moderate the relationship between rating, number of reviews and online movie viewership.

Originality/value

The research findings of this study offer valuable insights for online film producers to effectively leverage quality signals and pricing, thereby capturing market attention and enhancing film profitability.
Pandemic policing: how policing changed during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Saulnier Alana , Zuzunaga Zegarra Daniela
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Police were key to enforcing and managing COVID-19 emergency orders, but many police services were not prepared for such an emergency. In Ontario, Canada, each service was responsible for crafting its own procedures for responding to the pandemic. This study synthesizes changes documented by Ontario-based services.

Design/methodology/approach

We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis of COVID-19-related documents (e.g. emails, guides and recommendations, orders, directives, policies and procedures, questionnaires and checklists and strategic plans) produced by 14 municipal police services across Ontario, Canada.

Findings

The documents reveal ways that police services were affected by the pandemic. These changes are organized into four themes: intra-organizational changes, officer wellness, inter-agency coordination and collaboration and community-police relations.

Originality/value

The study works with data from multiple police services to document the range of ways that policing changed to adapt to the pandemic. Understanding how police services navigated the pandemic facilitates preparedness for future civil emergencies.
Role of records and archives in countering disinformation and misinformation: the perspective of LIS educators in Nigerian universities
Authors: Ailakhu Ugonna Vivian
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to fill the research gap in Nigeria and Africa concerning the role of records and archives in countering disinformation and misinformation.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a descriptive research design and qualitative method, the perspectives of LIS educators from two federal universities in Nigeria are explored. A purposive sampling technique was used to select both institutions and participants for the study by linking up with heads of each library school involved in the study. The data collection exercise started from the 3rd to the 19th of July 2023. In the process of conducting the study, 12 participants voluntarily participated in the interviews and discussion sessions lasted for two weeks interval.

Findings

The findings from the study highlight the crucial role of archives as guardians of primary sources, enabling fact-checkers to verify information and challenge deceptive narratives effectively. The findings also showed that archives also offer historical context, countering the distortion of information in disinformation campaigns. The study acknowledges challenges such as limited access to certain archival materials and concerns about data privacy, underscoring the importance of vigilance against manipulation and misinformation. Overall, the findings emphasized the significance of using archives to combat false information and create a well-informed society.

Originality/value

Three key recommendations emerged from the study: enhancing archival accessibility and digitalization, integrating archival materials into media literacy programs and fostering collaborative partnerships between archivists and fact-checkers. Implementing these recommendations will enable better utilization of insights from this study in countering disinformation and misinformation, ultimately mitigating their impact.
A comprehensive assessment of the government of Tanzania health operation management information system using participatory action research
Authors: Mambile Cesilia , Mwogosi Augustino
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study uses a participatory action research (PAR) approach to evaluate the implementation and impact of the government of Tanzania health operation management information system (GoTHOMIS) on healthcare services in Tanzania. The primary objective is to assess the strengths, weaknesses and overall impact of GoTHOMIS.

Design/methodology/approach

The research uses a PAR methodology, involving active engagement with stakeholders from healthcare facilities, administrators and information technology experts. Data collection methods consist of key informant interviews and document analysis. The study strategically examines various aspects, including pre-implementation planning, challenges during implementation, system features and the strengths and weaknesses of GoTHOMIS. Furthermore, the focus extends to understanding the impact of GoTHOMIS on healthcare services.

Findings

The findings underscore critical areas for improvement, particularly in the pre-implementation planning stage. The study reveals issues related to a top-down approach and insufficient user participation, hindering the successful implementation of GoTHOMIS. Challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, power outages, missing diagnostic codes and compatibility issues with peripheral devices are identified. Despite these hurdles, GoTHOMIS exhibits strengths like improved accessibility, integration with the reporting system by the MTUHA government and automation of clinical tasks.

Originality/value

The study’s originality lies in applying a PAR approach to assess GoTHOMIS. This methodology provides valuable insights into the implementation challenges and suggests potential improvements. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering a detailed understanding of GoTHOMIS’s strengths and weaknesses, enhancing the potential for effective health management information systems.
Vulnerability to Climate Change: Ethnic Minorities in Southwest China
Authors: Yang Hua , He Jun , Li Zhinong , Su Yufang , Xu Jianchu
Published: January 2025

Based on a large‐scale survey of 1216 households, this research examined the differential vulnerability of diverse ethnic groups who have traditionally inhabited the climate‐sensitive area of Southwest China in the Eastern Himalayas. The livelihood vulnerabilities of five ethnic groups that reside across different ecological zones were evaluated and compared using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) and Livelihood Vulnerability Index–Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI–IPCC). Binary and multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze the effects of geography, income, and household characteristics on respondents' perceptions of the four most perceived climate events. The combined results of overall LVI and LVI–IPCC scores indicate that the Tibetan ethnic group is the most vulnerable to climate change, followed by the Bai, Han, Naxi, and Lisu. Intertwined biophysical, socioeconomic, and cultural factors affect climate change vulnerability. The ethnic groups residing in high‐altitude, steep, and remote areas, as well as farmers with lower livelihood diversity and a smaller proportion of nonagricultural income, were indicated to be most severely affected by climate events. As a timely piece of evidence‐based and policy‐informed research for decision‐makers, the findings represent a clarion call for deepening understanding of cultural differences between ethnic minorities in order to properly mitigate the effects of climate change.
Development of the house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), on pork tissue at two temperatures
Authors: Flint Casey A. , Rhinesmith‐Carranza Jennifer , Bell Riley , Tomberlin Jeffery K.
Published: January 2025

The house fly, Musca domestica, L. (Diptera: Muscidae), is a filth fly that is often associated with criminal and civil investigations surrounding abuse, neglect, and death of humans and other vertebrates. However, development data, which are crucial for determining the age of immatures collected under forensically relevant circumstances, are limited. Given the lack of data and the recognition of population‐specific growth patterns, the aim of this study was to generate data for development of a M. domestica population from Texas, USA, on decomposing lean pork at 24.0°C (i.e., approximate room temperature in Texas) and 37.0°C (i.e., approximate human body temperature). As expected, fly development significantly differed between temperatures with development at the higher temperature taking significantly less time (development from egg to adult emergence occurred c. 48.5% faster at 37.0°C than at 24.0°C). The value of this dataset is demonstrated through an applied comparison with previously published data for the house fly. Differences in development times across life stages for the studies are evident, with shorter time of colonization estimations using the data published by Wang et al. (2018), especially in later life stages. These data represent the first development dataset for the house fly on decomposing flesh in North America. Furthermore, the comparison with the previously published dataset demonstrate data from this study are of value for future forensic investigations in Texas or possibly other parts of the United States where this species is encountered, as they can be used to determine time of colonization.
Predictors of online and offline activism in hybrid regime society – Serbian study
Authors: Pedović Ivana , Pejičić Marija , Đorić Stefan
Published: January 2025

In Serbia, categorized as a hybrid or semi‐authoritarian system by Freedom House, exploring activism is crucial. Two cross‐sectional studies were conducted to examine predictors of online and offline civic activism in a society favouring punitive measures and limiting open dialogue. The first study involved 1107 participants (65.1% female, 33.2% male and 1.6% in other categories; Mage = 28.15 years), while the second included 2306 individuals (67.5% female, 30.2% male and 2.3% in other categories; Mage = 28.1 years). We modelled the relationship between predictor variables and a dependent variable at different quantiles of the distribution (25th, 50th, 75th and quantile marked with theoretical middle points of online and activism scales) using quantile regression. Results highlighted perceived policy control, social generativity and conscientiousness as key predictors across different levels of both online and offline activism. Personality traits like extroversion, neuroticism and honesty have different effects on online versus offline activism, suggesting different motivations. Additionally, future‐oriented people participate more offline. The quantile regression, analysing coefficients at different points in the distribution, offered valuable insights into manifestations of activism. These findings are discussed highlighting the complex dynamic of different factors in shaping civic engagement in Serbia's challenging sociopolitical landscape.
The economic surplus: A history of an eventually problematic idea
Authors: Osborne Evan W
Published: January 2025

The economy‐wide economic surplus, defined as output beyond what is needed to sustain the labouring workforce, is one of the oldest ideas in Western political economy. Marx permanently changed economic thinking by characterising it as exploitation. As confidence in government management of economic affairs grew in the twentieth century, how to spend the surplus better than free individuals would spend it themselves became a growing theme among economists and among the broader public. While the role of the surplus in economic theory today is modest, its vibrancy in the public conversation remains.
Influence of Low‐Velocity Impact Damage on Residual Strength and Fatigue Behavior of GFRP Composites
Authors: Karthick P. , Radhakrishnan P. M. , Ramajeyathilagam K.
Published: January 2025

Predicting the residual strength of structures subjected to low‐velocity impact is one of the most difficult problems. Therefore, the residual static strength of the damaged specimens with 5‐ and 10‐J impact energy was assessed by corresponding tension, compression, in‐plane shear, bending tests, and residual fatigue life using tension–tension fatigue test for three stress levels at a stress ratio of 0.1. The reduction in strength is more for 10‐J impact and found to be more than 50% for tensile and compressive, 40% for bending, and around 27% for shear loading compared to unimpacted specimens. Deterioration of fatigue stiffness, progression of cyclic creep strain, and fluctuations in hysteresis loop under cyclic loading have been reported. Furthermore, the fatigue life of impacted specimens has been predicted using analytical models, demonstrating strong concordance with the experimental stress‐life curve. Moreover, the design fatigue life at varying reliability levels has been estimated by a statistical method.
Strengthening Primary Health Care for Epidemic and Pandemic Response: A Scoping Review
Authors: Homayounifar Fatemeh , Abdollahi Zidane , Davar Ghazal , Ostovar Tahereh , Delavari Sajad , Ahmadi Marzaleh Milad , Khosravi Mohsen
Published: January 2025

Aims

Epidemics strain healthcare systems and reduce care quality, making primary healthcare a crucial frontline component in combating pandemics. The aim of this paper was to explore the experiences of countries in strengthening primary health care to address epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases.

Design

It was a scoping review conducted in 2024. The research was qualitative in nature.

Methods

Multiple databases were searched including PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest. Upon screening the references, the Boyatzis approach to thematic analysis was utilised to analyse and categorise the acquired data based on the fundamental building blocks of healthcare systems as presented by the World Health Organisation (WHO).

Results

Sixty‐seven studies were included in the study, reporting widespread strategies and interventions implemented in primary healthcare systems around the globe. The majority of these strategies and interventions were within the context of service delivery, leadership/governance, and health workforce.

Conclusion

The strategies and interventions implemented by primary healthcare systems worldwide during the pandemic crisis are extensive and varied. Further research is required to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential impacts of such interventions.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

There are numerous strategies and interventions reported in the literature for epidemic and pandemic response, which healthcare policymakers and managers can utilise to improve patient care during times of crisis.

Impact

The study examined challenges in primary healthcare during crises, such as pandemics. It identified various strategies and interventions aimed at addressing these challenges, primarily in service delivery, leadership/governance, and health workforce management. Healthcare policymakers and managers can leverage these findings to enhance patient care during crises.

Reporting Method

PRISMA 2020 guideline for review studies.

Patient or Public Contribution

No Patient or Public Contribution.
Nurses' Clinical Decision‐Making About Pressure Injury Prevention in Hospital Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Cordina Joanne , Rolls Kaye , Sim Jenny
Published: January 2025

Aim

To systematically explore research on nurses' clinical decision‐making and factors influencing pressure injury prevention in hospitalised patients.

Design

Scoping review.

Data Sources

Medline full text, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus with full text, and Scopus.

Methods

Arksey and O'Malley's five‐step framework guided this scoping review. Studies published prior to 11 July 2024 were included.

Results

Thirty‐eight studies were included. The factors influencing nurses' decision‐making in pressure injury prevention included: ‘support systems’, ‘knowledge and attitudes’, ‘barriers to implementing prevention practices’ and ‘risk assessment tools and clinical judgement’. Limited research was conducted on nurses' clinical decision‐making about implementation of pressure injury prevention interventions.

Conclusion

More research on nurses' clinical decision‐making related to pressure injury prevention is needed to enhance education, support effective care and reduce the incidence of pressure injuries.

Impact

Nurses recognise the importance of preventing pressure injuries, however implementation of pressure injury prevention interventions are inconsistent, and pressure injuries remain common in hospitals. Limited research exists on the processes nurses use to make clinical decisions about pressure injury prevention for hospitalised adults at risk of pressure injury.

Reporting Method

This scoping review adhered to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) checklist.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.
Exploring the Intersection of Gender Diversity and Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review With a Focus on Clinical Care
Authors: Sternberg Kady F. , Cloutier Joanna G. , Ahlers Kaitlyn , Moore Christina , Koth Kathleen A. , Soda Takahiro , Malhi Narpinder Kaur , Verma Shikha , Yeh Lisa C. , McLaren Jennifer L.
Published: January 2025

Background

Little research has been conducted solely exploring gender diversity in people with intellectual disabilities. This review explores the literature, discusses the prevalence, and identifies clinical best practices for people at the intersection of gender diversity and intellectual disability.

Method

A scoping review was conducted utilising PRISMA methodology of the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL Complete (EBSCO), Cochrane Library (Wiley), Dissertations & Theses Global (ProQuest), PsycInfo (EBSCO), Scopus and Web of Science.

Results

Five hundred seventy five titles and abstracts were screened, 61 full‐text articles were reviewed and 17 met inclusion criteria. Four major themes were identified: prevalence, trauma and co‐occurring mental health disorders, barriers to care and best practices.

Conclusion

This review highlights the lack of research and provides valuable insight into the experiences of people with gender diversity and intellectual disability. Further research is needed to understand the prevalence and explore the intersection and experience of gender‐diverse people with intellectual disabilities.
Urban Flood Exposure and Vulnerability: Insights From Pendik District of Istanbul
Authors: Pala Ozge Naz , Daloglu Cetinkaya Irem , Yazar Mahir
Published: January 2025

Cities striving to adapt to the impacts of climate change must recognize the significant variability in flood vulnerability across different communities. By examining the interplay between physical and socio‐demographic factors, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the multidimensional aspects of flood exposure and vulnerability in Istanbul's Pendik District. The Pendik District, situated within the Istanbul Metropolitan Area, was chosen for this study as it regularly faces floods exacerbated by climate change. Utilizing a mixed‐methodology approach, ranging from the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to surveys and census data, we find that areas classified as flood‐prone have residential units with lower land market values. Additionally, these high flood‐prone areas within the district tend to be populated by elderly individuals, refugees, and citizens with low education levels. In sum, this study reveals that there is a sharp correlation between socio‐economically disadvantaged communities and their exposure and vulnerability to urban flooding in Pendik District. As long as the current urban design and building stock fail to address the high level of flood exposure among the most disadvantaged urban communities, there is a critical need for inclusive urban planning and disaster management strategies.
Life history data derived from the dental histological analysis of Giraffa camelopardalis: Implications for the palaeohistology of extinct giraffids
Authors: Nacarino‐Meneses Carmen , Jannello Juan Marcos , Chinsamy Anusuya
Published: January 2025

The analysis of incremental marks in the enamel, dentine and cementum of extant and extinct species provides important information about the rate and pattern of tooth growth, which permits inferences about key life history traits. Traditionally, such research has mainly focused on primates, while other mammalian groups have remained relatively unexplored. In some cases, this has led to the misidentification of incremental markings and the miscalculation of dental growth parameters in non‐primate taxa, which has highlighted the importance of obtaining more reliable comparative frameworks. Here, we partially fill this gap by providing a detailed analysis of the dental microstructure in the extant giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis. We specifically studied the histology of the different cusps (i.e. protoconid, metaconid, hypoconid, entoconid and hypoconulid) of two first lower molars and two third lower molars with different degree of wear to identify the different incremental markings and to calculate dental growth parameters such as daily secretion rate and enamel formation front angle for each cusp and tooth. Our results show that incremental markings in enamel were more apparent as compared to those in dentine and/or cementum and have permitted a deeper analysis of the former tissue. Enamel laminations, which had a daily periodicity, were the most common incremental lines in all teeth. Supradaily Retzius lines and subdaily cross‐striations and laminations were also recognised in dental enamel, revealing multiple secretory pulses of the ameloblasts in the giraffe. Generally, values of enamel growth parameters (i.e. daily secretion rate and enamel formation front angle) obtained for the first lower molar were comparable to those reported for closely related taxa, while those calculated for the third lower molar present a higher degree of variation that may be linked to differences in general somatic rates of growth. Nevertheless, enamel growth parameters were highly variable within each tooth, suggesting caution when making general (palaeo)biological inferences from dental histology. The giraffe dentine and cementum also register incremental lines. In the dentine, most of these features were classified as daily von Ebner's lines and their counting and measurement revealed values of secretion rates that agree with those previously reported in other artiodactyls. The age calculated from the incremental lines in the dental cementum matches that deduced from dental wear, suggesting that the counting of yearly lines in this tissue is a reliable tool to estimate individual age in giraffids. This study further suggests ways to refine future analyses of dentine and cementum and sets the stage for dental palaeohistology of extinct giraffids and closely related ungulates for which life history information is still unknown.
Flowering plants at Sino‐Himalaya and the Tibetan Plateau face increased extinction risk
Authors: Zhao Li‐Na , Liu Yun , Ye Jian‐Fei , Liu Bing , Hu Hai‐Hua , Lu Li‐Min , Chang Jiang , Guralnick Robert P. , Sun Miao , Chen Zhi‐Duan
Published: January 2025

The loss of biodiversity is one of the most serious environmental issues in the Anthropocene. Understanding the extinction risk of species is essential for preemptive conservation measures, but is hampered by gaps in geographical and evolutionary knowledge, especially in areas/regions that are highly diverse in species. Combined with a 21 109‐taxon angiosperm mega‐phylogeny and comprehensive species distribution database, we evaluated the characteristics of angiosperm extinction risk at the Sino‐Himalaya and the Tibetan Plateau (SHTP). Overall, our results show that there is a strong interaction between evolutionary and environmental factors on extinction risk, and both contribute spatially to threat processing in the SHTP. The extinction risk of angiosperms in this region is spatially and phylogenetically clustered; the clades with low species richness are significantly more vulnerable to extinction than species‐rich ones; the regions with the highest extinction risk are concentrated in the mountainous areas of southwest China. Integrated with the existing Red List, we further delineated more than 3000 potentially threatened species and proposed practical conservation priorities for four types of species in the SHTP. The extinction risk of angiosperms showed both phylogenetically and spatially aggregate characteristics, serving as an important reference for predicting extinction trends and the formulation of targeted conservation strategies.
Construction and Development of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program for the Surgical Management of Patients With Spinal Metastasis: A Modified Delphi Study
Authors: Li Fanjie , Yu Wenlong , Zhou Haohan , Zhang Fan , Zhou Zihuan , Gao Qiang , Gao Xin , Zhang Luosheng , Yan Yinjie , Huang Quan , Yang Xinghai , Chu Peilin , Yin Mengchen
Published: January 2025

Objective

As an effective treatment for spinal metastasis (SM), ERAS protocol can significantly reduce the length of hospital stay and complications in patients. Establishing an ERAS program for perioperative care after SM surgery is a clinical problem that needs to be addressed urgently. We aimed to develop an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program and Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) that conferred clinical benefit to patients with SM and made it relatively easy to manage the condition. We believe that our findings could help establish and promote the continuous improvement of additional ERAS programs for SM.

Methods

This is a modified Delphi study. We used a two‐round process using data acquired from a review of relevant literature and involving a multidisciplinary panel of experts from different hospitals in China. The modified Delphi survey was conducted from February 1, 2024 to April 20, 2024. The experts were invited to evaluate each of the current relevant ERAS recommended topics to determine the appropriateness of inclusion in the ERAS program and SSC with the 5‐point Likert scale. Used the results to create specific ERAS and SSC (70% consensus) programs. Close to consensus (65%–69% consensus) findings were considered for the follow‐up survey.

Results

A multicenter, multidisciplinary group of physicians (n = 75), including clinical workers, researchers, anesthesiologists, nursing specialists, psychologists, nutritionists, and caregivers, with experience in managing patients with SM, were asked to participate. Using the modified Delphi process, we arrived at a consensus for the ERAS program. This included 37 consolidated items in the domains in the following order: preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative, and discharge. The SSC included 37 consolidated items in the domains in the following order: before the induction of anesthesia, before skin incision, and before the patient leaves the operating room.

Conclusion

This study, based on the modified Delphi process, helped us develop ERAS and SCC consensus‐driven best practice recommendations, including suggestions related to perioperative anesthesia, surgery, and nursing for SM. We hope that this study, in which we integrated both traditional Chinese and Western medical treatment protocols, can provide a basis for a rapid rehabilitation program for surgical interventions in SM.
Individual Behaviors and Health Inequalities: Preterm Birth During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in Mexico
Authors: Caudillo Mónica L. , Villarreal Andrés , Torche Florencia
Published: January 2025

We evaluate the consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic for preterm birth in Mexico using microdata that include all births from 2014 to 2022. The country's hybrid public/private healthcare system allows us to examine how women's adaptive behaviors to the health crisis shaped their birth outcomes. The proportion of women giving birth in private hospitals increased dramatically after the onset of the pandemic in March 2020. This was likely a strategy to reduce their risk of infection in public hospitals, many of which were overcrowded. Time‐series models suggest that preterm births increased among women who gave birth in public hospitals but decreased among women who gave birth in private settings. Difference‐in‐differences models based on a conception–cohort design with hospital fixed‐effects indicate that the health benefits from receiving private rather than public care were concentrated among women with higher levels of education. The reduction in preterm births among more educated women was partially explained by their choice of higher quality services within the private sector and by changes in the demographic composition of patients who chose private care. Our analysis illustrates how protective behaviors subject to heterogeneous socioeconomic and structural constraints may lead to unequal health outcomes during health emergencies.
A Phosphate‐Starvation Enhanced Purple Acid Phosphatase, GmPAP23 Mediates Intracellular Phosphorus Recycling and Yield in Soybean
Authors: Guo Qi , Zhu Shengnan , Lai Tao , Tian Cang , Hu Meiling , Lu Xing , Xue Yingbin , Liang Cuiyue , Tian Jiang
Published: January 2025

Plant internal phosphorus (P) recycling is a complex process, which is vital for improving plant P use efficiency. However, the mechanisms underlying phosphate (Pi) release from internal organic‐P form remains to be deciphered in crops. Here, we functionally characterised a Pi‐starvation responsive purple acid phosphatase (PAP), GmPAP23 in soybean (Glycine max). GmPAP23 could hydrolyse a series of Pi‐containing compounds in vitro, such as trehalose‐6‐phosphate and glucose‐l‐phosphate. Moreover, GmPAP23 overexpression led to less P distribution in soybean source organs, including mature leaves and pod shells, but more P distribution in seeds under P sufficient conditions, although no effect was observed for transgenic soybean lines with its suppression. Metabolomic analysis found that a group of P‐containing metabolites exhibited differential accumulations in mature leaves between wild type (WT) and GmPAP23 overexpression lines, such as glucose‐l‐phosphate and trehalose‐6‐phosphate. Moreover, a MYB transcription factor, GmPHR14 was subsequently found to activate the transcription of GmPAP23 via directly binding to its promoter. Collectively, these findings could highlight that the GmPHR14‐GmPAP23 pathway, which controls internal P recycling in soybean, and thus affect yield.
Biflat F‐structures as differential bicomplexes and Gauss–Manin connections
Authors: Arsie Alessandro , Lorenzoni Paolo
Published: January 2025

We show that a biflat F‐structure on a manifold defines a differential bicomplex on forms with value on the tangent sheaf of the manifold. Moreover, the sequence of vector fields defined recursively by coincides with the coefficients of the formal expansion of the flat local sections of a family of flat connections associated with the biflat structure. In the case of Dubrovin–Frobenius manifold, the connection (for suitable choice of an auxiliary parameter) can be identified with the Levi–Civita connection of the flat pencil of metrics defined by the invariant metric and the intersection form.