bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of scanning electron microscopy and optical coherence tomography for imaging of coronary bifurcation stents
Authors: Silva Guilherme V. , Gahremanpour Amir , Attizzani Guilherme F. , Zeng Yi , Wang Wei , Yamamoto Hirosada , Kanaya Tomoaki , Rippy Marian K. , Bezerra Hiram G. , Costa Marco A. , Perin Emerson
Published: July 2014

Background

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new intracoronary imaging modality that has excellent resolution and image quality and has been used to image neointimal coverage after stent implantation. OCT has been compared to histologic, intravascular ultrasound, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. However, OCT has not been compared with SEM for imaging stent coverage over side branches.

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare OCT with SEM in imaging neointimal coverage over stent struts bridging coronary side‐branch ostia. Methods: Using a balloon‐overstretch in‐stent restenosis model, we deployed 38 everolimus‐eluting stents across coronary bifurcations in nine pigs. We performed OCT immediately after stenting and 4 weeks later; SEM was performed after euthanizing the pigs. OCT images of each stent were compared to the corresponding SEM image.

Results

We analyzed OCT frames (n = 111) for strut‐level neointimal coverage and compared them to corresponding SEM images. The concordance correlation coefficient was 0.809 (95%CI; 0.734–0.864) and 0.951 (95%CI; 0.930–0.966) for covered and uncovered struts, respectively.

Conclusions

In a non‐atherosclerotic pig model, we showed strong agreement between OCT and SEM in imaging coverage of stent struts bridging side‐branch ostia. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mechanical Downsizing of a Gadolinium(III)‐based Metal–Organic Framework for Anticancer Drug Delivery
Authors: Kundu Tanay , Mitra Shouvik , Patra Prasun , Goswami Arunava , Díaz Díaz David , Banerjee Rahul
Published: July 2014

A GdIII‐based porous metal–organic framework (MOF), Gd‐pDBI, has been synthesized using fluorescent linker pDBI (pDBI=(1,4‐bis(5‐carboxy‐1H‐benzimidazole‐2‐yl)benzene)), resulting in a three‐dimensional interpenetrated structure with a one‐dimensional open channel (1.9×1.2 nm) filled with hydrogen‐bonded water assemblies. Gd‐pDBI exhibits high thermal stability, porosity, excellent water stability, along with organic‐solvent and mild acid and base stability with retention of crystallinity. Gd‐pDBI was transformed to the nanoscale regime (ca. 140 nm) by mechanical grinding to yield MG‐Gd‐pDBI with excellent water dispersibility (>90 min), maintaining its porosity and crystallinity. In vitro and in vivo studies on MG‐Gd‐pDBI revealed its low blood toxicity and highest drug loading (12 wt %) of anticancer drug doxorubicin in MOFs reported to date with pH‐responsive cancer‐cell‐specific drug release.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular [3+2+2] Cycloadditions between Alkylidenecyclopropanes, Alkynes, and Alkenes
Authors: Araya Marisel , Gulías Moisés , Fernández Israel , Bhargava Gaurav , Castedo Luis , Mascareñas José Luis , López Fernando
Published: July 2014

A Rh‐catalyzed intramolecular [3+2+2] cycloaddition is reported. The cycloaddition affords synthetically relevant 5,7,5‐fused tricyclic systems of type 2 from readily available dienyne precursors. The transformation takes place with moderate or good yields, high diastereoselectivity, and total chemoselectivity.
Outside‐In Recrystallization of ZnS–Cu1.8S Hollow Spheres with Interdispersed Lattices for Enhanced Visible Light Solar Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Zhu Ting , Nuo Peh Connor Kang , Hong Minghui , Ho Ghim Wei
Published: July 2014

For the first time an earth‐abundant and nontoxic ZnS–Cu1.8S hybrid photocatalyst has been engineered with well‐defined nanosheet hollow structures by a template‐engaged method. In contrast to conventional surface coupling and loading, the unique outside‐in recrystallization promotes co‐precipitation of ZnS and Cu1.8S into homogeneous interdispersed lattices, hence forming a hybrid semiconductor with visible responsive photocatalytic activity. The as‐derived ZnS–Cu1.8S semiconductor alloy is tailored into a hierarchical hollow structure to provide readily accessible porous shells and interior spaces for effective ion transfer/exchange. Notably, this synergistic morphology, interface and crystal lattice engineering, aim towards the design of novel nanocatalysts for various sustainable environmental and energy applications.
Enantioselective Diamination with Novel Chiral Hypervalent Iodine Catalysts
Authors: Mizar Pushpak , Laverny Aragorn , El‐Sherbini Mohammad , Farid Umar , Brown Michael , Malmedy Florence , Wirth Thomas
Published: July 2014

Vicinal diamines constitute one the most important functional motif in organic chemistry because of its wide occurrence in a variety of biological and pharmaceutical molecules. We report an efficient metal‐free, highly stereoselective intramolecular diamination using a novel chiral hypervalent iodine reagent together with its application as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of diamines.
New Frontiers and Challenges in Silicon Chemistry:ISOS XVII in Berlin
Authors: Driess Matthias , Oestreich Martin
Published: July 2014

Going for silicon: Although silicon is the second most abundant chemical element of the earth crust, it took mankind quite some time (more than 100 years) to uncover and develop its chemistry to the level of being indispensable in today's chemical technology. Find out more about this exciting subject in this special themed issue of Chemistry—A European Journal.
ChemInform Abstract: Pb5Fe3TiO11Cl: A Rare Example of Ti(IV) in a Square Pyramidal Oxygen Coordination.
Authors: Batuk Maria , Batuk Dmitry , Abakumov Artem M. , Hadermann Joke
Published: July 2014

The title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of PbO, PbCl2, TiO2, and Fe2O3 (670 °C for 10 h and 800 °C for 20 h) and characterized by powder neutron and X‐ray diffraction, and high‐angle annular dark‐field STEM.
ChemInform Abstract: Localization and Impact of Pb‐Non‐Bonded Electronic Pair on the Crystal and Electronic Structure of Pb2YSbO6.
Authors: Larregola Sebastian A. , Alonso Jose A. , de la Pena‐O'Shea Victor A. , Sheptyakov Denis , Pomjakushin Vladimir , Fernandez‐Diaz Maria T. , Pedregosa Jose C.
Published: July 2014

The title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of PbO, Y2O3, and Sb2O3 (550 °C for 24 h, 800 and 900 °C for 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Magnetic Properties of the Monoclinic Ordered Double Perovskites BaLaMSbO6, with M: Mn, Co and Ni.
Authors: Blanco M. Cecilia , De Paoli Juan M. , Ceppi Sergio , Tirao G. , Nassif Vivian M. , Guimpel J. , Carbonio Raul E.
Published: July 2014

Polycrystalline powders of BaLaMnSbO6 (I), BaLaCoSbO6 (II), and BaLaNiSbO6 (III) are prepared by firing appropriate stoichiometric mixtures of BaCO3, La2O3, MnO, Co3O4, Ni(NO3)2, and Sb2O3 in air (alumina crucible, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Ordering in the Pyrochlore Ho2CrSbO7 Determined from Neutron Diffraction, and the Magnetic Properties of Other RE2CrSbO7 Phases (RE: Y, Tb, Dy, Er).
Authors: Whitaker Mariana J. , Greaves Colin
Published: July 2014

Ho2CrSbO7 is found to form an “ordered spin‐ice structure” below 13 K where the magnetic moments are constrained along the 111 axes, but with a ferromagnetic moment in one direction.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of LiPF6 Using ClF3 Below Room Temperature.
Authors: Ohe Meguru , Yonezawa Susumu , Kim Jae‐Ho , Aoki Hironori , Takashima Masayuki
Published: July 2014

LiPF6 is fabricated by mixing equimolar amounts of red phosphorus with LiF followed by adding a twofold amount of condensed ClF3 gas (Ni reactor, ‐196 → ‐20 to +100 °C, 1 or 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Topologically Identical, but Geometrically Isomeric Layers in Hydrous α‐, β‐Rb[UO2(AsO3OH)(AsO2 (OH)2)]·H2O and Anhydrous Rb[UO2(AsO3OH)(AsO2(OH)2)].
Authors: Yu Na , Klepov Vladislav V. , Villa Eric M. , Bosbach Dirk , Suleimanov Evgeny V. , Depmeier Wulf , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. , Alekseev Evgeny V.
Published: July 2014

Yellow‐green block‐shaped crystals of RbUO2(AsO3OH)(AsO2(OH)2) (I) and green block‐shaped crystals of β‐Rb[UO2(AsO3OH)(AsO2 (OH)2)]·H2O (II) are simultaneously hydrothermally synthesized from an aqueous mixture of UO2(NO3)2, RbNO3, and As2O3 in the molar ratio of 1:9:10 (autoclave, 150 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Structure, Bonding and Properties in a Californium Borate.
Authors: Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. , et al. et al.
Published: July 2014

Pale‐green microcrystals of 249Cf[B6O8(OH)2Cl] are obtained by mixing an aqueous solution of 249CfCl3 with H3BO3 in a molar ratio of 1:100 (shielded autoclave, 240 °C, 7 d; cooling rate of 3 °C/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Polyoxometalate‐Based Cobalt—Phosphate Molecular Catalysts for Visible Light‐Driven Water Oxidation.
Authors: Han Xin‐Bao , Zhang Zhi‐Ming , Zhang Teng , Li Yang‐Guang , Lin Wenbin , You Wansheng , Su Zhong‐Min , Wang En‐Bo
Published: July 2014

The isostructural compounds (IV), (VI), and (VIII) crystallize in the cubic space group Fd$\bar 3$ with Z = 8 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of New Nickel Phosphates, ANi4(PO4)3 (A: K, Rb).
Authors: Im Yoonmi , Kim Pilsoo , Yun Hoseop
Published: July 2014

KNi4(PO4)3 (I) and Rb Ni4(PO4)3 (II) are prepared from the elements in a reactive halide flux.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron‐Deficient Telluride Cs3Cu20Te13 with Sodalite‐Type Network: Syntheses, Structures, and Physical Properties.
Authors: Huai Wen‐Juan , Shen Jin‐Ni , Lin Hua , Chen Ling , Wu Li‐Ming
Published: July 2014

The title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of CsCl, Pr (reductive agent), Cu, and Te in the ratio of 8:1:17.5:13 (1123 K, 120 h, 93% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective Addition of Alkoxyethynyl Aluminum Reagents to N‐tert‐Butylsulfinyl Aldimines.
Authors: Verrier Charlie , Carret Sebastien , Poisson Jean‐Francois
Published: July 2014

The addition of in situ generated alkoxyethynyl aluminum reagents (II) to sulfinylimines (III) affords alkoxypropargylamines (IV) in high yields and with significant higher diastereoselectivities compared to the reaction of the corresponding lithio acetylides.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid Catalyzed Rearrangement of Vinyl and Ketene Acetals.
Authors: Maziarz Elzbieta , Furman Bartlomiej
Published: July 2014

This method yields chain‐extended ketones and esters from the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Ti/Ni‐Mediated Inter‐ and Intramolecular Conjugate Addition of Aryl and Alkenyl Halides and Triflates.
Authors: Marquez Irene R. , Miguel Delia , Millan Alba , Marcos M. Luisa , Alvarez de Cienfuegos Luis , Campana Araceli G. , Cuerva Juan M.
Published: July 2014

A new, direct inter‐ and intramolecular coupling of α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds with aryl and alkenyl halides and triflates is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Attempt to Provide an Environmentally Friendly Solvent Selection Guide for Olefin Metathesis.
Authors: Skowerski Krzysztof , Bialecki Jacek , Tracz Andrzej , Olszewski Tomasz K.
Published: July 2014

The catalytic performance of 10 ruthenium complexes is compared in the ring‐closing metathesis of substrate (II) in 8 non‐degassed, non‐dried solvents.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Open‐Chain Secondary Alkyllithium Compounds and Trapping Reactions with Electrophiles.
Authors: Dagousset Guillaume , Moriya Kohei , Mose Rasmus , Berionni Guillaume , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Knochel Paul
Published: July 2014

The first practical method for the generation of stereodefined acyclic secondary alkyllithium reagents is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarbonylative Dehydration of Fatty Acids for the Production of Linear Alpha Olefins.
Authors: Liu Yiyang , Kim Kelly E. , Herbert Myles B. , Fedorov Alexey , Grubbs Robert H. , Stoltz Brian M.
Published: July 2014

The decarbonylative dehydration of fatty acids shows a good functional group tolerance and provides linear alpha olefins with only small amounts of internal olefins as side products.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of 2‐Oxo‐cyclopentenylphosphonates by Carbonylation of Zirconacyclopentenylphosphonate with Oxalyl Chloride.
Authors: Al Quntar Abed Al Aziz
Published: July 2014

Alkynylphosphonates react with zirconocene dichloride and ethylmagnesium bromide to five‐membered zirconacycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Favoring Trienamine Activation Through Unconjugated Dienals: Organocatalytic Enantioselective Remote Functionalization of Alkenes.
Authors: Prieto Liher , Talavera Garazi , Uria Uxue , Reyes Efraim , Vicario Jose L. , Carrillo Luisa
Published: July 2014

Unconjugated 2,5‐dienals are more reactive substrates than the corresponding fully conjugated α,β,γ,δ‐unsaturated aldehydes towards organocatalytic activation through trienamine intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective Hydroacylation of Terminal Alkynes with Glyoxals.
Authors: Shi Shuai , Wang Tao , Weingand Vanessa , Rudolph Matthias , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: July 2014

α‐Ketoaldehydes react with terminal alkynes in the presence of excess piperidine and catalytic amounts of AuCl to give E‐configurated 1,2‐dicarbonyl‐3‐enes.
ChemInform Abstract: Fe3O4—SiO2—P4VP pH‐Sensitive Microgel for Immobilization of Nickel Nanoparticles: An Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Nitrile Reduction in Water.
Authors: Nabid Mohammad Reza , Bide Yasamin , Niknezhad Mahvash
Published: July 2014

The synthesis of the title catalyst and its careful characterization is detailed.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Alkylation of Hydrazine Derivatives with α‐Picoline‐Borane and Its Applications to the Syntheses of Useful Compounds Related to Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
Authors: Kawase Yasushi , Yamagishi Takehiro , Kato Jun‐ya , Kutsuma Teruo , Kataoka Tadashi , Iwakuma Takeo , Yokomatsu Tsutomu
Published: July 2014

This method was successfully applied in the synthesis of compound (XV), an important segment of atazanavir.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Nanoparticles on Graphene Support: An Efficient Photocatalyst for Coupling of Nitroaromatics in Visible Light.
Authors: Guo Xiaoning , Hao Caihong , Jin Guoqiang , Zhu Huai‐Yong , Guo Xiang‐Yun
Published: July 2014

The preparation and evaluation of photocatalytically active copper nanoparticles on graphene support are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Chiral Bifunctional L‐Thiazoline‐amide Derivatives: Design and Application in the Direct Enantioselective Aldol Reactions.
Authors: Gong Zhiyong , Wei Chiyu , Shi Ye , Zheng Qingchuan , Song Zhiguang , Liu Zaiqun
Published: July 2014

The chiral catalyst is prepared from cysteine and proline in eight steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Methoxylation of Aromatic Chlorides with Borate Salts.
Authors: Tolnai Gergely L. , Petho Balint , Krall Peter , Novak Zoltan
Published: July 2014

Stable and easy to prepare potassium tetramethoxyborate is used as methoxylating agent for the conversion of aromatic and heteroaromatic chlorides into methoxy derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Assisted Nickel Catalyzed Ligand‐Free C(sp2)—O Cross‐Coupling of Vinyl Halides and Phenols.
Authors: Kundu Debasish , Maity Pintu , Ranu Brindaban C.
Published: July 2014

A library of aryl‐vinyl and aryl‐styrenyl ethers is prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Aldehydes and Ketones Formation: Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Decarboxylation of Phenylacetic Acids and α‐Hydroxyphenylacetic Acids.
Authors: Feng Qiang , Song Qiuling
Published: July 2014

The title reaction represents a novel decarboxylation of a sp3‐C‐atom.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Propargylic Alkylation of Propargyl β‐Ketoesters with a Chiral Ketimine P,N,N‐Ligand.
Authors: Zhu Fu‐Lin , Zou Yuan , Zhang De‐Yang , Wang Ya‐Hui , Hu Xin‐Hu , Chen Song , Xu Jie , Hu Xiang‐Ping
Published: July 2014

The title reaction offers a facile access to β‐ethenyl ketones in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Peptide‐Catalyzed Conversion of Racemic Oxazol‐5(4H)‐ones into Enantiomerically Enriched α‐Amino Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Metrano Anthony J. , Miller Scott J.
Published: July 2014

It is found that the tetrapeptide (PET) efficiently promotes the dynamic kinetic resolution of various oxazolones like (I) giving α‐amino acid esters with up to 94% e.e..
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Amidation of Aromatic Aldehydes with Amine Hydrochloride Salts Catalyzed by Silica‐Coated Magnetic Carbon Nanotubes (MagCNTs@SiO2)‐Immobilized Imine—Cu(I).
Authors: Saberi Dariush , Heydari Akbar
Published: July 2014

The title catalyst can be easily separated due to its magnetic property and recycled without significant loss of its catalytic activity in five successive runs.
ChemInform Abstract: A General and Practical Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct α‐Arylation of Amides with Aryl Halides.
Authors: Zheng Bing , Jia Tiezheng , Walsh Patrick J.
Published: July 2014

Optimized reaction conditions are developed for the coupling of acetamides with aryl bromides and chlorides to give α‐monoarylated and α,α‐diarylated amides with high chemoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative sp3 C—H Bonds Functionalization into Alkenes: A Direct Access to N‐Alkenylbenzenesulfonamides.
Authors: Bheeter Charles B. , Jin Rongwei , Bera Jitendra K. , Dixneuf Pierre H. , Doucet Henri
Published: July 2014

A facile protocol is developed for the dehydrogenation of N‐alkylbenzenesulfonamides to give the corresponding N‐alkenyl derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of Grignard Reagents with Bunte Salts: A Thiol‐Free Synthesis of Sulfides.
Authors: Reeves Jonathan T. , Camara Kaddy , Han Zhengxu S. , Xu Yibo , Lee Heewon , Busacca Carl A. , Senanayake Chris H.
Published: July 2014

A variety of Bunte salts react with Grignard reagents to give sulfides in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed ortho‐Alkenylation Through C—H Bond Cleavage Directed by Sulfoxide Groups.
Authors: Nobushige Kazunori , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro
Published: July 2014

Produced o‐alkenylphenyl sulfoxides readily undergo interrupted Pummerer cyclization as well as reduction to afford benzothiophenes [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki Coupling Reaction Catalyzed Heterogeneously by Pd(salen)/Polyoxometalate Compound: Another Example for Synergistic Effect of Organic/Inorganic Hybrid.
Authors: Tong Jinhui , Wang Haiyan , Cai Xiaodong , Zhang Qianping , Ma Hengchang , Lei Ziqiang
Published: July 2014

The title hybrid catalyst shows an improved catalytic activity and much higher yields towards the coupling products in comparison to the corresponding organic and inorganic moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Triarylmethanes by Chiral Imidodiphosphoric Acids Catalyzed Friedel—Crafts Reactions.
Authors: Zhuo Ming‐Hua , Jiang Yi‐Jun , Fan Yan‐Sen , Gao Yang , Liu Song , Zhang Suoqin
Published: July 2014

The structure of product (R)‐(VIIb) is confirmed by X‐ray analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Skeleton Transformation of α‐Pyrone Induced by 5‐Aryl Substituent into Ring‐Fused Dihydrofuran.
Authors: Miura Takuya , Fujioka Saki , Iwasaki Hiroki , Ozeki Minoru , Kojima Naoto , Yamashita Masayuki
Published: July 2014

Dimethylsulfoxonium methylide (II) is prepared in situ from trimethylsulfoxonium iodide and sodium hydride.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 3‐Trifluoromethylbenzofurans via Tandem Iodocyclization and Trifluoromethylation of 2‐Alkynylanisoles.
Authors: Wang Wen‐Ying , Hu Bo‐Lun , Deng Chen‐Liang , Zhang Xing‐Guo
Published: July 2014

2‐Alkinylanisoles bearing an alkyl instead of the aryl substituent at the terminal alkyne moiety fail to iodocyclize.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Thiophene‐Substituted Tetrathia[22]annulenes[2,1,2,1]: Synthesis, Physical Properties, and Improvement in Field‐Effect Behavior.
Authors: Liu Hang , Qin Yunke , Huang Dazhen , Xu Wei , Zhu Daoben
Published: July 2014

Tetrathiaannulene (I) is prepared in four steps conveniently.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd/C as a Catalyst for Completely Regioselective C—H Functionalization of Thiophenes under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Tang Dan‐Tam D. , Collins Karl D. , Ernst Johannes B. , Glorius Frank
Published: July 2014

Strongly electron donating or withdrawing substituents are not tolerated in the C2‐position.
ChemInform Abstract: First Inverse Electron‐Demand Diels—Alder Methodology of 3‐Chloroindoles and Methyl Coumalate to Carbazoles.
Authors: Guney Tezcan , Lee Jennifer J. , Kraus George A.
Published: July 2014

The first example of the use of substituted indoles as dienophiles in title reaction with 2‐pyrone under solely thermal conditions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel One‐Pot Synthesis of Carbazole‐1,4‐quinones Through Pd‐Catalyzed Cyclocarbonylation, Desilylation and Oxidation Processes from 3‐Iodo‐2‐propenylindoles.
Authors: Fujii Mami , Nishiyama Takashi , Choshi Tominari , Satsuki Nanase , Fujiwaki Takaya , Abe Takumi , Ishikura Minoru , Hibino Satoshi
Published: July 2014

3‐Iodo‐2‐propenylindoles (I) are easily prepared from corresponding indole‐2‐carbaldehydes and vinyl Grignard reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Vinyl Sulfone with α‐Diazo‐β‐ketosulfone and Bestmann—Ohira Reagent for the Regioselective Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrazoles.
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Nair Deepa , Namboothiri Irishi N. N.
Published: July 2014

The first regioselective synthesis of sulfonyl‐ and phosphonylpyrazoles via 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of vinyl sulfones with α‐diazo‐β‐ketosulfones and phosphonates is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Aqueous Polyethylene Glycol on 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Benzoylnitromethane/Ethyl 2‐Nitroacetate with Dipolarophiles: Green Synthesis of Isoxazoles and Isoxazolines.
Authors: Gangadhara Chary R. , Rajeshwar Reddy G. , Ganesh Y. S. S. , Vara Prasad K. , Raghunadh Akula , Krishna T. , Mukherjee Soumita , Pal Manojit
Published: July 2014

It is demonstrated that a 1:1 mixture of water and polyethylene glycol 400 promotes the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of carbonyl substituted nitromethanes (I) to terminal alkynes or analogously activated olefins without the need for any catalyst or additive.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Catalyzed Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐1,2,3‐triazoles from Aryl Iodides, Alkynes, and Sodium Azide.
Authors: Chen Ying , Zhuo Zi‐Jian , Cui Dong‐Mei , Zhang Chen
Published: July 2014

The catalyst is reused five times with slightly decreasing yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Click Chemistry Inspired Facile Synthesis and Bioevaluation of Novel Triazolyl Analogues of Ludartin.
Authors: Lone Shabir H. , Bhat Khursheed A. , Majeed Rabiya , Hamid Abid , Khuroo Mohd A.
Published: July 2014

18 Title compounds of type (III) are prepared and evaluated against 5 human cancer cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Fully Regiocontrolled Polyarylation of Pyridine.
Authors: Doebelin Christelle , Wagner Patrick , Bihel Frederic , Humbert Nicolas , Kenfack Cyril Assongo , Mely Yves , Bourguignon Jean‐Jacques , Schmitt Martine
Published: July 2014

A new route for the synthesis of the first protypical pentaarylpyridine bearing five different substituents from commercially available starting material (I) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Approach for the Synthesis of Crizotinib Through the Key Chiral Alcohol Intermediate by Asymmetric Hydrogenation Using Highly Active Ir‐Spiro‐PAP Catalyst.
Authors: Qian Jian‐Qiang , Yan Pu‐Cha , Che Da‐Qing , Zhou Qi‐Lin , Li Yuan‐Qiang
Published: July 2014

Crizotinib is a tyrosin kinase inhibitor and used against bronchial carcinoma.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity of Pyridines Bearing EWG with Bis‐(TMS)ketene Acetals. Substituent‐Induced Lactonization Reaction.
Authors: Rivera‐Hernandez Alejandro , Chans Guillermo M. , Rudler Henri , Lopez Cortes Jose G. , Toscano R. Alfredo , Alvarez‐Toledano Cecilio
Published: July 2014

Several new dihydropyridine carboxylic acids are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl 2‐Amino‐6‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐4‐aryl‐5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrano [3,2‐c]quinoline‐3‐carboxylate.
Authors: Asghari Sakineh , Ramezani Samaneh , Mohseni Mojtaba
Published: July 2014

An efficient route for the synthesis of the title compounds (IV), which show moderate to good bacteriostatic effects, is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Four‐Component Synthesis of 4(3H)‐Quinazolinones: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling Reactions.
Authors: He Lin , Li Haoquan , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias , Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: July 2014

A novel Pd‐catalyzed four‐component carbonylative‐coupling for the construction of N‐substituted 4(3H)‐quinazolinones in a one‐pot manner is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel 5‐Oxaprotoberberines as Bioisosteres of Protoberberines.
Authors: Jin Yifeng , Khadka Daulat Bikram , Yang Su Hui , Zhao Chao , Cho Won‐Jea
Published: July 2014

The synthesis of 5‐oxaprotoberberines involves the coupling of toluamides (I) with 2‐cyanophenol derivatives and SN2 reaction with diiodomethane to form the methylene bridge between amide and hydroxyl group.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Access to a Benzoazepinoquinazolinone via a Free Radical Cyclization.
Authors: Shawakfeh Khaled Q. , Ishtaiwi Zakariyya N. , Al‐Said Naim H.
Published: July 2014

Substrate (I) undergoes a free‐radical cascade reaction via 6‐exo‐trig and 7‐endo‐trig cyclization process to form the new compound (II), a potential precursor for the synthesis of the cyclopropanequinone structure found in duocarmycins.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand Bite Angle‐Dependent Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Propargylic Carbonates to 2‐Alkynyl Azacycles or Cyclic Dienamides.
Authors: Daniels David S. B. , Jones Alison S. , Thompson Amber L. , Paton Robert S. , Anderson Edward A.
Published: July 2014

The cyclization products are obtained as inseparable mixtures.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Cyclic Ethers: Application of C‐Glycosylation Chemistry to Seven‐ to Nine‐Membered Lactone‐Derived Thioacetals and Their Sulfone Counterparts.
Authors: Suga Yuto , Fuwa Haruhiko , Sasaki Makoto
Published: July 2014

A number of α‐substituted medium sized cyclic ethers are prepared in an efficient and stereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Tin‐Functionalized Azobenzenes as Nucleophiles in Stille Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Strueben Jan , Gates Paul J. , Staubitz Anne
Published: July 2014

An easy, mild, and selective method to prepare stannylated azobenzenes is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Englerin A.
Authors: Zhang Jinghua , Zheng Shuyan , Peng Wei , Shen Zhengwu
Published: July 2014

This new and novel total synthesis gives englerin A in 11% overall yield and includes an intramolecular olefin metathesis ring closure reaction and a highly stereoselective oxygen bridge formation as key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Lignans, One Alkaloid, and Flavanone from the Twigs of Feroniella lucida.
Authors: Sriyatep Teerayut , Chakthong Suda , Leejae Sukanlaya , Voravuthikunchai Supayang P.
Published: July 2014

Lucidenal (I), lucidanin (II), alkaloid (III), and flavanone (IV) are isolated from the title twigs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Ternary Amide KLi3(NH2)4: An Important Intermediate in the Potassium Compound‐Added Li—N—H Systems.
Authors: Dong Bao‐Xia , Song Liang , Ge Jun , Teng Yun‐Lei , Zhang Shi‐Yang
Published: July 2014

In the study of the KH‐added H2 storage system LiH‐NH3 (KH‐added LiH‐LiNH2, KH‐added LiNH2, and KNH2‐added LiNH2), KLi3(NH2)4 is found to be an important intermediate formed in dehydrogenation and hydrogenation of the KH‐added Li‐N‐H system.
ChemInform Abstract: Bright Coppertunities: Multinuclear CuI Complexes with N—P Ligands and Their Applications
Authors: Wallesch Manuela , Volz Daniel , Zink Daniel M. , Schepers Ute , Nieger Martin , Baumann Thomas , Braese Stefan
Published: July 2014

Review: [46 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Golden Age for Donor—Acceptor Cyclopropanes
Authors: Schneider Tobias F. , Kaschel Johannes , Werz Daniel B.
Published: July 2014

Review: [most recent developments regarding ring opening, cycloaddition, and ring enlargement reactions; 107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Photocatalysis: Combining Confinement and Non‐Covalent Interactions to Control Light Initiated Reactions
Authors: Vallavoju Nandini , Sivaguru J.
Published: July 2014

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Azidoisocyanides, New Bifunctional Reagents for Multicomponent Reactions and Biomolecule Modifications
Authors: Sokolova N. V. , Nenajdenko V. G.
Published: July 2014

Review: 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Synthesis in Solution and Porphyrin Nanostructures on Surfaces — Similar Concepts, Different Results
Authors: Ryan A. , Cafolla A. A. , Senge M. O.
Published: July 2014

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Silylene Complexes in Catalysis: New Frontiers in an Emerging Field
Authors: Blom Burgert , Gallego Daniel , Driess Matthias
Published: July 2014

Review: 81 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 50 Years of Superbases Made from Organolithium Compounds and Heavier Alkali Metal Alkoxides
Authors: Lochmann Lubomir , Janata Miroslav
Published: July 2014

Review: 147 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Architectures with Pyridine‐Amide Based Ligands: Discrete Molecular Assemblies and Their Applications
Authors: Mishra Anurag , Gupta Rajeev
Published: July 2014

Review: 88 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Renaissance of Organic Radical Chemistry — Deja Vu All over Again
Authors: Stephenson Corey R. J. , Studer Armido , Curran Dennis P.
Published: July 2014

Review: 33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: When NHC Ligands Make a Difference in Gold Catalysis
Authors: Gatineau David , Goddard Jean‐Philippe , Mouries‐Mansuy Virginie , Fensterbank Louis
Published: July 2014

Review: [51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Xylanase and Cellulase Systems of Clostridium sp.: An Insight on Molecular Approaches for Strain Improvement
Authors: Thomas Leya , Joseph Abhilash , Gottumukkala Lalitha Devi
Published: July 2014

Review: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Controlled Covalent Surface Immobilization of Proteins and Peptides Using Plasma Methods
Authors: Coad Bryan R. , Jasieniak Marek , Griesser Stefani S. , Griesser Hans J.
Published: July 2014

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Nitroimidazole Derivatives: A Challenge in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Anthwal Amit , Rawat D. S. , Rawat M. S. M.
Published: July 2014

Review: [66 refs.]
ChemInform Abstract: An Overview on Synthesis and Biological Activity of Pyrimidines
Authors: Rao N. Venkat , Vaisalini N. Bhanu , Mounika B. , Harika V. Lakshmi , Desu Pasanna Kumar , Nama Sreekanth
Published: July 2014

Review: 26 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Dimensional Nanostructure Based Materials for Versatile Photocatalytic Applications
Authors: Weng Bo , Liu Siqi , Tang Zi‐Rong , Xu Yi‐Jun
Published: July 2014

Review: [applications of 1D‐based nanostructures in photocatalysis, including nonselective processes for the degradation of pollutants, solar energy conversion to fuels and selective transformations for organic synthesis; 308 refs.
Parameter identification and state estimation of a microalgae dynamical model in sulphur deprived conditions: Global sensitivity analysis, optimization criterion, extended Kalman filter
Authors: Daboussy Moemen , Titica Mariana , Boillereaux Lionel
Published: July 2014

In this article, a dynamic model describing the growth of the green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, under light attenuation and sulphur‐deprived conditions leading to hydrogen production in a photobioreactor is presented. The strong interactions between biological and physical phenomena require complex mathematical expressions with an important number of parameters. This article presents a global identification procedure in three steps using data from batch experiments. First, it includes the application of a sensitivity function analysis, which allows one to determine the parameters having the greatest influence on model outputs. Secondly, the most influential parameters were identified by using the classical least‐squares cost function. This stage is applied to the experimental data collected from a lab‐scale batch photobioreactor. Finally, the implementation of an Extended Kalman Filter estimating the biomass concentration, extracellular and intracellular sulphur concentrations is presented. Thereby, the observer uses on‐line measurements provided by a mass spectrometer measuring the outlet gas composition (O2, CO2). Software sensor performances and limits are illustrated in simulation and with experimental data.
DNA Nanostructure‐Based Imaging Probes and Drug Carriers
Authors: Zhan Pengfei , Jiang Qiao , Wang Zhen‐gang , Li Na , Yu Haiyin , Ding Baoquan
Published: July 2014

Self‐assembled DNA nanostructures are well‐defined nanoscale shapes, with uniform sizes, precise spatial addressability, and excellent biocompatibility. With these features, DNA nanostructures show great potential for biomedical applications; various DNA‐based biomedical imaging probes or payload delivery carriers have been developed. In this review, we summarize the recent developments of DNA‐based nanostructures as tools for diagnosis and cancer therapy. The biological effects that are brought about by DNA nanostructures are highlighted by in vitro and in vivo imaging, antitumor drug delivery, and immunostimulatory therapy. The challenges and perspectives of DNA nanostructures in the field of nanomedicine are discussed.
Importance of the 6′‐Hydroxy Group and Its Configuration for Apramycin Activity
Authors: Mandhapati Appi Reddy , Shcherbakov Dimitri , Duscha Stefan , Vasella Andrea , Böttger Erik C. , Crich David
Published: July 2014

A series of apramycin derivatives was prepared and investigated for antibacterial activity and the ability to inhibit protein synthesis in cell‐free translation assays. The effect of various modifications at the 6′‐ and N7′‐positions on antiribosomal activity is discussed in terms of their influence on drug binding to specific residues in the decoding A‐site. These studies contribute to the development of a structure–activity relationship for the antibacterial activity of the apramycin class of aminoglycosides and to the future design and development of more active and less toxic antibiotics.
Computational Reference Data for the Photochemistry of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers
Authors: Barbatti Mario
Published: July 2014

The cis–syn cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer is one of the major classes of carcinogenic UV‐induced DNA photoproducts. In this work, diverse high‐level quantum‐chemical methods were used to determine the spectroscopic properties of neutral (singlet and triplet) and charged (cation and anion) species of thymine dimers. Maps of potential energy, charge distribution, electron affinity, and ionization potential of the thymidine dimers were computed along the two dimerization coordinates for neutral and charged species, as well as for the singlet excited state. This set of data aims at providing consistent results computed with the same methods as for photodamage and repair. Based on these results, several different photo‐, heat‐, and charge‐induced mechanisms of dimerization and repair are characterized and discussed. Additionally, a new stable dimer with methylmethylidene‐hexahydropyrimidine structure was found in the S0 state.
ROFRET: A Molecular‐Scale Fluorescent Probe Displaying Viscosity‐Enhanced Intramolecular Förster Energy Transfer
Authors: Bai Dan , Benniston Andrew C. , Whittle Victoria L. , Lemmetyinen Helge , Tkachenko Nikolai V.
Published: July 2014

The fluorescent probe ROFRET contains a Bodipy molecular rotor connected through a short triazole‐based spacer to a fully alkylated Bodipy. Förster resonance energy transfer takes place from the rotor to the other Bodipy, and is enhanced to a limiting value as the viscosity of the solvent increases. Time‐resolved spectroscopy and steady‐state studies are consistent with both forward and reverse energy transfer, and delayed fluorescence.
Gas‐Phase Interactions between Lead(II) Ions and Cytosine: Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Multiple‐Photon Dissociation Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Salpin Jean‐Yves , Haldys Violette , Guillaumont Sébastien , Tortajada Jeanine , Hurtado Marcela , Lamsabhi Al Mokhtar
Published: July 2014

Gas‐phase interactions between Pb2+ions and cytosine (C) were studied by combining tandem mass spectrometry, infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Both singly and doubly charged complexes were generated by electrospray. The [Pb(C)−H]+complex was extensively studied, and this study shows that two structures, involving the interaction of the metal with the deprotonated canonical keto‐amino tautomer of cytosine, are generated in the gas phase; the prominent structure is the bidentate form involving both the N1 and O2 electronegative centers. The DFT study also points out a significant charge transfer from the nucleobase to the low‐lying p orbitals of the metal and a strong polarization of the base upon complexation. The various potential energy surfaces explored to account for the fragmentation observed are consistent with the high abundance of the [PbNH2]+fragment ion.
Keeping Nanoparticles Fully Functional: Long‐Term Storage and Alteration of Magnetite
Authors: Widdrat Marc , Kumari Monika , Tompa Éva , Pósfai Mihály , Hirt Ann M. , Faivre Damien
Published: July 2014

Magnetite is an iron oxide found in rocks. Its magnetic properties are used for paleoclimatic reconstructions. It can also be synthesized in the laboratory to exploit its magnetic properties for bio‐ and nanotechnological applications. However, although the magnetic properties depend on particle size in a well‐understood manner, they also depend on the structure of the oxide, because magnetite oxidizes to maghemite under environmental conditions. The dynamics of this process have not been well described. Here, a study of the alteration of magnetite particles of different sizes as a function of their storage conditions is presented. Smaller nanoparticles are shown to oxidize more rapidly than larger ones, and that the lower the storage temperature, the lower the measured oxidation. In addition, the magnetic properties of the altered particles are not decreased dramatically, thus suggesting that this alteration will not impact the use of such nanoparticles as medical carriers.
Membrane expression of NK receptors CD160 and CD158k contributes to delineate a unique CD4+ T‐lymphocyte subset in normal and mycosis fungoides skin
Authors: Sako Nouhoum , Schiavon Valérie , Bounfour Touda , Dessirier Valérie , Ortonne Nicolas , Olive Daniel , Ram‐Wolff Caroline , Michel Laurence , Sicard Hélène , Marie‐Cardine Anne , Bagot Martine , Bensussan Armand , Schmitt Christian
Published: July 2014

CD160 is a GPI‐anchored Ig‐like receptor identified by the BY55 mAb on human circulating CD56dim+ NK cells and TCRγδ lymphocytes. In addition, while most intestinal T lymphocytes express it, only a minor circulating CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocyte subset is CD160+. Here we describe a population of CD4+CD160+ human blood T lymphocytes of circulating cutaneous T cells. These rare T lymphocytes represent 2.1 ± 1.9% of the circulating CD3+CD4+ T cells, coexpress CD8αα, CD244, and perforin but lack CD28 expression, a phenotype corresponding to effector memory cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes. Functional studies further confirmed their cytotoxic potential. These cells lack αEβ7 integrin and CCR7 expression but do express skin‐addressing molecules CLA, and CCR4. In normal human skin, CD4+CD160+ cells represent 34.6 ± 14.7% of the CD4+ T lymphocytes extracted by collagenase treatment. These T cells coexpress CLA (81 ± 13.6%), CCR4 (62.3 ± 15.9%), and some CD8αα (19.6 ± 13%) or CCR7 (24.4 ± 11.7%) expression. Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma cells express the natural killer receptor KIR3DL2 (CD158k) used as a tumor marker. Not only we confirmed the expression of this marker in the blood and/or skin of mycosis fungoides patients but we also show for the first time CD158k expression (often associated with CD160) on cutaneous CD4+ T cells from healthy individuals (25.3 ± 15%). Therefore, CD4+CD160+ T cells expressing CD158k might represent specialized cutaneous lymphocytes devoted to immune surveillance, from which could originate cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas such as mycosis fungoides. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Sensory hair cell regeneration in the zebrafish lateral line
Authors: Lush Mark E , Piotrowski Tatjana
Published: July 2014

Background: Damage or destruction of sensory hair cells in the inner ear leads to hearing or balance deficits that can be debilitating, especially in older adults. Unfortunately, the damage is permanent, as regeneration of the inner ear sensory epithelia does not occur in mammals. Results: Zebrafish and other non‐mammalian vertebrates have the remarkable ability to regenerate sensory hair cells and understanding the molecular and cellular basis for this regenerative ability will hopefully aid us in designing therapies to induce regeneration in mammals. Zebrafish not only possess hair cells in the ear but also in the sensory lateral line system. Hair cells in both organs are functionally analogous to hair cells in the inner ear of mammals. The lateral line is a mechanosensory system found in most aquatic vertebrates that detects water motion and aids in predator avoidance, prey capture, schooling, and mating. Although hair cell regeneration occurs in both the ear and lateral line, most research to date has focused on the lateral line due to its relatively simple structure and accessibility. Conclusions: Here we review the recent discoveries made during the characterization of hair cell regeneration in zebrafish. Developmental Dynamics 243:1187–1202, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Role of semaphorin‐1a in the developing visual system of the disease vector mosquito Aedes aegypti
Authors: Mysore Keshava , Flannery Ellen , Leming Matthew T. , Tomchaney Michael , Shi Lucy , Sun Longhua , O'Tousa Joseph E. , Severson David W. , Duman‐Scheel Molly
Published: July 2014

Background: Despite the devastating impact of mosquito‐borne illnesses on human health, very little is known about mosquito developmental biology, including development of the mosquito visual system. Mosquitoes possess functional adult compound eyes as larvae, a trait that makes them an interesting model in which to study comparative developmental genetics. Here, we functionally characterize visual system development in the dengue and yellow fever vector mosquito Aedes aegypti, in which we use chitosan/siRNA nanoparticles to target the axon guidance gene semaphorin‐1a (sema1a). Results: Immunohistochemical analyses revealed the progression of visual sensory neuron targeting that results in generation of the retinotopic map in the mosquito optic lobe. Loss of sema1a function led to optic lobe phenotypes, including defective targeting of visual sensory neurons and failed formation of the retinotopic map. These sema1a knockdown phenotypes correlated with behavioral defects in larval photoavoidance. Conclusions: The results of this investigation indicate that Sema1a is required for optic lobe development in A. aegypti and highlight the behavioral importance of a functioning visual system in preadult mosquitoes. Developmental Dynamics 243:1457–1469, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polynuclear Heterometallic Complexes from Metal Powders: The “Direct Synthesis” Approach
Authors: Nesterov Dmytro S. , Nesterova Oksana V. , Kokozay Vladimir N. , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: July 2014

The synthesis of polynuclear coordination compounds, particularly heterometallic coordination compounds, remains a challenge for modern chemistry. Spontaneous self‐assembly (SSA) is a primary approach that proceeds by broad screening, typically with simple, flexible ligands and available metal salts. The “direct synthesis” is a class of SSA, but prescribes the use of zero‐valent metal(s) as a starting material, typically oxidized by air oxygen, which results in a deficiency of anions in the reaction mixture and forces deprotonation of the protic ligand(s) with the formation of unexpected products. The “direct synthesis” approach has been successfully applied to the preparation of heterometallic complexes, which has allowed the isolation of numerous complexes, many with uncommon structures. In this review we summarize our experience in the field of the “direct synthesis” of polynuclear heterometallic complexes, covering preparative and structural aspects as well as applications of the compounds obtained.
Synthesis of 1,4‐Dihydropyridines and Their Fluorescence Properties
Authors: Sueki Shunsuke , Takei Ryo , Zaitsu Yuto , Abe Junya , Fukuda Akane , Seto Keisuke , Furukawa Yukio , Shimizu Isao
Published: July 2014

We have successfully synthesized 3,4,5‐substituted 1,4‐dihydropyridines (1,4‐DHPs) from amine hydrochloride salts, aldehydes, and acetals in good yields without the addition of a catalyst. The synthesized 1,4‐DHPs exhibit various wavelengths of fluorescence, which could be tuned by changing the substituents at the 3‐ and 5‐positions of the 1,4‐DHPs.
Fluoro‐Ene Reaction Versus [2+2] Cycloaddition in the Thermal C2–C6 Cyclization of Enyne‐Allenes: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Cinar M. Emin , Vavilala Chandrasekhar , Jaquet Ralph , Bats Jan W. , Schmittel Michael
Published: July 2014

A series of fluoroalkyl‐substituted enyne‐allenes have been synthesized by a new route with the aim of elucidating the possibility of a fluoro‐ene reaction via an intermediate fulvenyl diradical generated in the thermal C2–C6 (Schmittel) cyclization reaction. As a result of the strong C–F bond, fluorine atom transfer was not observed. Instead, 1H‐cyclobuta[a]indenes were formed in good yields despite the high strain energy. DFT calculations at the B3LYP level of theory indicated that although the fluoro‐ene reaction is the most exothermic reaction available, cyclobutene formation is kinetically favored over the [1,5]‐fluorine shift by 5–15 kcal mol–1 in various model compounds.
Simultaneous Determination of Iron and Copper in Ethanol Fuel Using Nafion/Carbon Nanotubes Electrode
Authors: Silva Josiel J. , Paim Leonardo L. , Stradiotto Nelson R.
Published: July 2014

This work presents the analytical method development for iron and copper determination in ethanol fuel. This method was developed using stripping voltammetry with a glassy carbon electrode modified with Nafion/Carbon‐nanotubes. With linear sweep stripping voltammetry was achieved a limit of detection of 7.1×10−7 mol L−1 for Fe3+ and 5.1×10−8 mol L−1 for Cu2+. The amperometric sensitivities were 2.0×106 µA mol−1 L for Fe3+ and 2.8×107 µA mol−1 L for Cu2+. The recovery study showed that the method has good accuracy and repeatability, with recovery of 108 and 103 % for Fe3+ and Cu2+ respectively.