bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Von der nationalen zur europäischen Identität? Potential und Problematik von Europakarten auf Briefmarken
Authors: TRAUTSCH Jasper M.
Published: January 2020

In view of the fact that national maps were circulated in the 19th and early 20th century to strengthen people’s national consciousness, this article inquires whether the six EC founding states have in turn been using maps of Europe or the territory encompassed by the EC members since the 1950s in order to promote a sense of supranational community among the citizenry. Postage stamps, mass-produced by the national postal administrations, serve as the source material for this investigation. The analysis, however, reveals that the four largest countries initially made little use of cartographic representations of Europe. Only in the course of the eastward enlargement of the EU did European maps begin to appear frequently on stamps. One explanation for this surprising finding is the fact that the European unification process aimed at territorial expansion right from the start, but that maps have the contrary effect of implying that borders are fixed. It was therefore only when the European division was overcome that European maps were increasingly used to represent the continent as a closed space.
“To Think European”: The ESA Approach to Space Cooperation with China (1976-1989)
Authors: CAPISANI Lorenzo M.
Published: January 2020

The cooperation between the European Space Agency and the Chinese space organizations during the Cold War is analyzed as a self-standing issue of the general Sino- European relations. From the beginning, this collaboration aimed to rely on the scientific level, but political and commercial factors affected the actual development of the relations. Both sides made efforts to overcome hesitancies and build a long-term cooperation. However, Europe and China remained two actors with different political agenda and priorities. This element was especially relevant at the community level, as opposed to the bilateral levels. It influenced the development of the collaboration on space matters, which thrived until the first half of the 1980s, while it encountered more obstacles in the following years. The paper offers a final reflection on 1989 as a watershed date and on the resumption of the space cooperation in the 1990s.
Satisfacción, aburrimiento e importancia de la educación física en la intención de realizar actividad física extraescolar en adolescentes mexicanos
Authors: Baños Raul , Marentes-Castillo María , Zamarripa Jorge , Baena-Extremera Antonio , Ortiz-Camacho Maria del Mar , Duarte-Félix Hector
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar el efecto de la satisfacción y/o aburrimiento en la clase de EF sobre la importancia que los estudiantes le otorgan a ésta y su relación con la intención de la práctica futura de la AF en el tiempo libre. Participaron 457 estudiantes (46 % chicos y 54% chicas) con edades entre 12 y 17 (M = 14,10; DT = 0,84) de la zona metropolitana de Monterrey. Se utilizaron tres instrumentos:1) Satisfacción Intrínseca en la Educación Física; 2) Importancia y Utilidad de la Educación Física y 3) Intención de Práctica Futura de Actividad Física en el Tiempo Libre (AFTL). El modelo propuesto se probó a través de una modelación de ecuaciones estructurales utilizando el LISREL 8.80. Se encontraron relaciones positivas y significativas de la satisfacción hacia la importancia de la EF (b = ,52, p < ,01), y la importancia de la EF con la intención hacia la práctica futura de la AFTL (b = ,44, p < ,01) y un efecto indirecto significativo de la satisfacción hacia la intención de la práctica futura de la AFTL (b = ,23, p < ,01). Los resultados obtenidos en el presente trabajo demuestran la importancia de diseñar sesiones de EF innovadoras, dinámicas y divertidas ya que, de esta forma, se consigue que los adolescentes valoren y den más importancia a la asignatura de EF, aumentando la probabilidad que desarrollen comportamientos activos en un futuro, o actividades extraescolares que refuercen los beneficios de la actividad física en esta población joven.
Validation of the Spanish version of multidimensional inventory of perfectionism in young athletes
Authors: Atienza Francisco , Appleton Paul , Hall Howard K. , Castillo Fernández Isabel , Balaguer Solá Isabel
Published: January 2020

El Inventario Multidimensional de Perfeccionismo en Deporte (MIPS) es una medida deportiva específica del perfeccionismo desarrollado a partir de una combinación de diferentes modelos multidimensionales. Este estudio analiza las propiedades psicométricas del MIPS en una muestra de adolescentes deportistas. Participaron 429 futbolistas españoles con edades comprendidas entre 9 y 13 años. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios mostraron que un modelo bidimensional obtenía adecuados índices de ajuste y los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach mostraron niveles de fiabilidad interna aceptables. La validez criterial y convergente del MIPS español ha sido confirmada analizando su asociación con medidas de ansiedad competitiva, auto-estima contingente y con otras dimensiones de perfeccionismo. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la versión española del MIPS es un instrumento específico para deporte, bien adaptado, fiable y válido para su utilización con jóvenes deportistas.

The Multidimensional Inventory of Perfectionism in Sport (MIPS) is one sport specific measure of perfectionism developed on the basis of a combination of different multidimensional models. This study assesses the psychometrics of the MIPS-Y in a Spanish adolescent sport sample. Participants were 429 Spanish football players with ages ranging from 9 to 13 years. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that a two-dimensional model obtained adequate fit indices and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients showed acceptable levels of internal reliability. The criterion and convergent validity of the Spanish MIPS was also confirmed via its association with measures of sport anxiety, contingent self-worth and additional perfectionism dimensions. The results of this study suggest that the Spanish version of the MIPS is a well-adapted, reliable and valid sport specific instrument for employment with young athletes.

O Perfeccionismo Multidimensional em Inventário Desportivo (MIPS) é uma medida específica de perfeccionismo desenvolvida a partir de uma combinação de diferentes modelos multidimensionais. Este estudo analisa as propriedades psicométricas da MIPS em uma amostra de atletas adolescentes. Havia 429 futebolistas espanhóis entre os 9 e os 13 anos. As análises fatoriais confirmatórias mostraram que um modelo bidimensional obteve índices de ajuste adequados e os coeficientes alfa de Cronbach mostraram níveis aceitáveis de confiabilidade interna. A validade convergente e criterial da MIPS espanhola foi confirmada pela análise da sua associação com medidas de ansiedade competitiva, auto-estima contingente e outras dimensões do perfeccionismo. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a versão espanhola da MIPS é um instrumento específico do esporte, bem adaptado, confiável e válido para uso com jovens atletas.
Le geste sonore comme objet d’analyse pour observer les pratiques musicales distinctives d’improvisateurs jazz
Authors: Desjardins Martin
Published: January 2020

Outre le choix des notes, qui est prescrit par notre tradition commune, qu’est-ce qui distingue une ou un improvisateur jazz d’une ou un autre ? Qu’est-ce qui constitue leur « son », leur « signature » ? Les méthodes d’analyses plus traditionnelles n’étant pas suffisantes pour circonscrire l’entièreté de l’expression contenue dans l’improvisation jazz, nous devons nous tourner vers l’étude d’enregistrements de solos improvisés afin d’examiner l’aspect « performanciel » de la musique, c’est-à-dire les éléments liés à la production du son par l’instrumentiste. Cependant, l’oreille pouvant omettre certains éléments au profit d’autres, nous avons adapté un modèle d’analyse par spectrogramme utilisé pour l’analyse du chant en musique populaire. En combinant le visuel à l’auditif, ce modèle permet d’effectuer un inventaire plus exhaustif des « gestes sonores » contenus dans les improvisations, c’est-à-dire toutes manifestations sonores produites par des gestes instrumentaux effectués au sein d’un processus musical. À travers un projet de recherche-création, une méthode autoethnographique a permis de distinguer des gestes sonores dans mes propres improvisations et ainsi de les comparer avec celles du saxophoniste de réputation internationale Chris Potter. Les analyses distinguent cinq gestes sonores, subtils mais distinctifs, observés à partir des micro-variations de hauteurs lors de l’attaque ou le déclin de certaines notes, de l’utilisation particulière de sons multiphoniques, du vibrato, des jeux de dynamiques et de bruits de clés.
Developing Variation in Gilles Tremblay’s Croissant: Transformation and Identity
Authors: Lind Stephanie
Published: January 2020

Gilles Tremblay, considered one of the forefathers of contemporary music in Quebec, is primarily known for a focus on rhythm, sonority, and aleatoric processes. This article explores another unexplored aspect of Tremblay’s composition: motivic development throughdeveloping variation.Beginning with a discussion of the historical antecedents of this style in the work of Schoenberg, d’Indy, and Dutilleux, the article analyzes Tremblay’s use of developing variation in his string quartet,Croissant,through the lens of transformational theory.
La traversée orientée du quartier marseillais du Panier sur les pas de l’écrivain Jean-Claude Izzo : une proposition pédagogique pour faire de la géographie différemment
Authors: Troin Florence
Published: January 2020

Dans les romans de Jean-Claude Izzo, la ville de Marseille telle que parcourue et décrite par le héros est bien plus que le simple décor d’une enquête policière : elle est le personnage principal du récit. En suivant les pas de Fabio Montale, une déambulation dans le quartier historique du Panier permet tout à la fois une immersion dans l’univers de l’écrivain et l’exploration d’un espace aux multiples facettes : « mémoire sociale » de la ville, quartier « gentrifié », l’ensemble a été reconstruit par l’architecte Pouillon au siècle dernier et réaménagé plus récemment dans le cadre des projets menés par Euroméditerranée. En participant à une promenade d’environ deux heures, articulée autour de pauses pendant lesquelles sont lus des extraits des romans et sont consultées les cartes issues d’un travail géolittéraire, les « promeneurs » sont amenés « sans le savoir » à faire de la géographie, mais aussi de l’histoire. Enfin, un jeu par équipes, imaginé pour les étudiants, permet même de donner un caractère ludique à cette traversée orientée du Panier.
L’hypothèse des parcours géographiques apprenants en pédagogie et dans la fabrique de la ville : entre innovation partagée et néo-situationnisme
Authors: Gwiazdzinski Luc
Published: January 2020

La promenade est aussi un protocole, un catalyseur utilisé en pédagogie et en urbanisme pour des approches collectives de lecture et de production de la ville, où la mobilisation des corps et l’engagement sont essentiels. Autrefois marginales, ces approches sensibles prennent une place importante dans nos manières d’enseigner, de diagnostiquer les territoires et de faire la ville. Elles sont analysées ici à partir d’expérimentations menées depuis une vingtaine d’années, avec différents acteurs, dans différentes situations de recherche urbaine, de design de politiques publiques et de pédagogie. Il s’agit d’apprécier les apports possibles de ces protocoles dans la pédagogie, la recherche et la fabrique urbaine, de mettre en avant leur intérêt, de repérer les risques et les limites de ces hybridations et de ces hors les murs. Les parcours géographiques apprenants font partie d’un nouvel « art des territoires » et d’une « géographie situationnelle »in vivo, dont les méthodologies et les outils sont en cours de définition.
Anotc nehirowimowin. La langue atikamekw aujourd’hui : attitudes et identité
Authors: Chachai Véronique , Junker Marie-Odile , Martinuzzi Katie , Petiquay Nicole , Planchon Cécile
Published: January 2020

Cet article présente les résultats d’une enquête menée en 2014 auprès de la population atikamekw sur ses compétences et attitudes vis-à-vis de sa langue maternelle. La langue atikamekw a la particularité, devenue rare parmi les langues autochtones, d’être toujours transmise comme langue maternelle. Dans cette étude, trois thèmes majeurs d’intérêt crucial pour les Atikamekw sont abordés : l’importance de la langue, la préservation et la transmission de la langue, et la langue atikamekw comme élément fondateur de la nation et de l’identité. La démonstration s’appuie sur des statistiques multivariées qui mettent en valeur les différences entre les générations, que ce soit pour l’évaluation des compétences, l’utilisation de la langue au quotidien ou le rôle présent et futur accordé à la langue. Il en ressort que, malgré une vitalité indéniable, la langue atikamekw commence à faire face à une érosion de la transmission intergénérationnelle qui, selon les auteures, pourrait cependant être endiguée avec un soutien et des ressources adéquates.
Les musées d’archéologie colombiens
Authors: Desrosiers Pierre
Published: January 2020

Un survol des musées d’archéologie colombiens permet d’examiner ici la place de la recherche archéologique dans cette société latino-américaine et de comprendre comment elle est utilisée dans les discours présentés aux visiteurs. Les musées y sont analysés en fonction de trois volets : encyclopédique, anthropologique et scientifique. L’exercice met en lumière un passé préhispanique comme prélude à la société colombienne d’aujourd’hui faisant abstraction du passé colonial, ainsi qu’une volonté avouée dans la Constitution de 1991 de mieux refléter le multiculturalisme du pays qui tarde encore à se matérialiser dans les musées d’État.
Le plan d’intervention en contexte d’intervention comportementale intensive (ICI) : perception des pratiques et des défis
Authors: Paquet Annie , Dionne Carmen , Rousseau Myriam
Published: January 2020

La mise en oeuvre de l’intervention comportementale intensive (ICI) nécessite une planification des objectifs et des moyens pour chaque enfant. Ce processus d’individualisation est essentiel à une intervention de qualité. Selon la loi, les établissements doivent rendre compte de la planification des interventions pour chacune des personnes à qui ils offrent des services par le biais du plan d’intervention. Cette étude vise à identifier les pratiques et les défis associés à l’élaboration de ces plans, en contexte d’ICI, du point de vue de membres de l’équipe d’intervention (21 intervenantes, 6 superviseures et 4 professionnelles). L’analyse des entretiens semi-structurés permet de préciser les pratiques et les défis perçus, notamment ceux associés aux caractéristiques de l’ICI (p. ex., son intensité), à la participation des parents dans le processus, au travail interdisciplinaire, à l’individualisation, à l’accès aux données probantes venant appuyer la planification de l’intervention et aux normes de l’établissement.
Satisfaction parentale face à un programme de soutien destiné aux parents d’enfants ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme
Authors: Cappe Émilie , Stipanicic Annie , Rousseau Myriam , Couture Germain , Rivest Christine
Published: January 2020

Le programme Au-delà du TED : des compétences parentales à ma portée est un programme de groupe visant à soutenir les parents d’un enfant ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) à travers les défis rencontrés dans leur quotidien (Stipanicic, Couture, Rivest et Rousseau, 2014, 2017). Le niveau de satisfaction des participants à un programme constitue un élément important à considérer lors de son évaluation. Jumelant des données quantitatives et qualitatives provenant de deux recherches, effectuées en France et au Québec, cette étude examine le niveau de satisfaction de parents ayant participé à ce programme. Il s’avère que les parents ont majoritairement apprécié participer au programme et ont eu le sentiment d’avoir progressé dans leur rôle parental. Ces résultats suggèrent que le programme répond à des besoins parentaux et contribuerait ainsi à améliorer leur bien-être.
Perceptions d’un outil considérant la famille dans la planification des services à l’enfant
Authors: Rousseau Myriam , McKinnon Suzie , Bourassa Jacinthe , Lu Sophy
Published: January 2020

Le rationnel et la nécessité d’impliquer la famille dans les interventions menées auprès de l’enfant présentant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) ont été articulés de bien des façons dans les écrits (Azeem, Imran et Khawaja, 2016). L’importance d’outiller les intervenants à considérer la famille dans la mise en place des services s’avère un choix judicieux. Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude pilote menée auprès de neuf intervenants et de sept parents afin de documenter leur perception face à l’utilisation de l’Outil de collecte d’informations relatives à la famille (OCIRF). Pour ce faire, un devis mixte, incluant des évaluations qualitatives et quantitatives provenant de diverses sources, a été utilisé. Les résultats démontrent notamment que les parents sont globalement significativement plus satisfaits de l’utilisation de l’outil que ne le sont les intervenants.
Expérience scolaire et représentations de soi chez des élèves en situation de handicap
Authors: Chevallier-Rodrigues Émilie , Rodriguez Nancy , Courtinat-Camps Amélie
Published: January 2020

Au regard des évolutions conceptuelles et législatives du paradigme inclusif dans le contexte scolaire français, cet article appréhende l’expérience scolaire et les représentations de soi d’élèves en situation de handicap. Un total de 111 élèves en situation de handicap, scolarisés en classe pour l’inclusion scolaire (N=44), en Unités localisées pour l’inclusion scolaire (N=49) et en Institut médico éducatif (N=18), ont renseigné plusieurs outils (dessins, questionnaires, entretiens). Les résultats obtenus par une classification hiérarchique descendante mettent en exergue un premier groupement constitué de trois profils hétérogènes quant à l’investissement des élèves envers les savoirs, la nature de leurs relations aux pairs et leurs représentations de soi. Le second groupement est composé de deux profils scolaires similaires au sein desquels les élèves sont engagés dans l’acquisition des savoirs et mettent en avant des représentations de soi valorisées et des relations aux autres harmonieuses.
L’utilisation de technologies en soutien à l’intervention auprès de personnes présentant un polyhandicap : revue de la littérature
Authors: Dupont Marie-Ève , Lussier-Desrochers Dany , Simonato Isabelle , Pépin-Beauchesne Laurence , Guérin Kathryne , Bilodeau Pascale
Published: January 2020

Cet article présente une recension des écrits concernant l’utilisation de technologies pour soutenir l’intervention auprès des personnes présentant un polyhandicap. La recension a permis de rassembler et de catégoriser les articles selon le type de technologie utilisé et les domaines d’intervention visés. Les études révèlent que ces technologies offrent un potentiel intéressant pour soutenir l’intervention auprès des personnes présentant un polyhandicap. Le coût, la complexité et la disponibilité de ces outils demeurent néanmoins des obstacles importants à l’utilisation de telles interventions innovatrices. Les enjeux sont discutés et des recommandations sont proposées pour les recherches futures.
L’offre active de services en français : généalogie d’un outil de politique publique
Authors: Normand Martin
Published: January 2020

L’offre active de services en français est un principe qui s’est rapidement imposé dans le discours des principaux intervenants dans le domaine de la promotion et de la protection des langues officielles et de la dualité linguistique au Canada. Elle a été intégrée à des politiques, à des règlements et à des lois au palier fédéral et dans plusieurs provinces canadiennes. Plusieurs travaux ont été consacrés aux aspects liés à la mise en oeuvre du principe. Cet article va au-delà de ces contributions pour retracer l’histoire de l’offre active. Il répond à deux questions : 1) quelle est l’origine de l’offre active ? et 2) quels sont les principaux jalons dans son évolution et sa diffusion ? L’hypothèse est que les représentations initiales de l’offre active n’étaient pas que techniques ou formalistes et qu’elles se sont effritées avec le temps. La recherche repose essentiellement sur des sources primaires et secondaires, qui nous ont permis de reculer jusqu’au moment où le principe semble avoir émergé. Le texte s’organise autour de trois périodes : la conceptualisation, l’institutionnalisation et la diffusion de l’offre active.
Crystal structure of the mineralocorticoid receptor ligand‐binding domain in complex with a potent and selective nonsteroidal blocker, esaxerenone (CS‐3150)
Authors: Takahashi Mizuki , Ubukata Osamu , Homma Tsuyoshi , Asoh Yusuke , Honzumi Masatoshi , Hayashi Noriyuki , Saito Keiji , Tsuruoka Hiroyuki , Aoki Kazumasa , Hanzawa Hiroyuki
Published: January 2020

Activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) has long been considered a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. It has been reported that the novel MR blocker esaxerenone shows high potency and selectivity for MR in vitro as well as great antihypertensive and renoprotective effects in salt‐sensitive hypertensive rats. Here, we determined the cocrystal structure of the MR ligand‐binding domain (MR‐LBD) with esaxerenone and found that esaxerenone binds to MR‐LBD in a unique manner with large side‐chain rearrangements, distinct from those of previously published MR antagonists. This structure also displays an antagonist form that has not been observed for MR previously. Such a unique binding mode of esaxerenone provides great insight into the novelty, potency, and selectivity of this novel antihypertensive drug.
Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of VMB‐1, a Novel Metallo‐β‐Lactamase Encoded by a Conjugative, Broad‐Host Range IncC Plasmid from Vibrio spp
Authors: Zheng Zhiwei , Cheng Qipeng , Chan Edward Wai‐Chi , Chen Sheng
Published: January 2020

The increasing incidence of phenotypic resistance to carbapenems in recent years is mainly attributed to acquisition of mobile carbapenemase‐encoding genetic elements by major bacterial pathogens. Here, a novel carbapenemase known as Vibrio metallo‐β‐lactamase 1 (VMB‐1), which is encoded by a gene (blaVMB‐1) located in an integron‐bearing, highly transmissible IncC type plasmid, namely pVB1796, is identified and characterized, both genetically and functionally. Recovered from a foodborne Vibrio alginolyticus strain that exhibits resistance to all known β‐lactam antibiotics, pVB1796 is found to possess a hybrid backbone that exhibits unique features of both type 1 and type 2 IncC elements. VMB‐1 exhibits 94% sequence homology with several recently reported but poorly characterized metallo‐β‐lactamases (MBLs) produced by the marine organisms Alteromonadaceae, Glaciecola, and Thalassomonas actiniarum. Sequence alignment analysis shows that VMB‐1 shares a structurally identical active site with subclass B1 MBLs. Importantly, pVB1796 is found to be efficiently transferred from Vibrio to other Gram‐negative bacterial pathogens, including Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumanni, via conjugation. These findings suggest that blaVMB‐1‐bearing plasmids have the potential to be disseminated to other Gram‐negative bacterial pathogens in the near future and render carbapenems useless in treatment of multidrug resistant infections.
Biofabrication Using Electrochemical Devices and Systems
Authors: Ino Kosuke , Ozawa Fumisato , Dang Ning , Hiramoto Kaoru , Hino Shodai , Akasaka Rise , Nashimoto Yuji , Shiku Hitoshi
Published: January 2020

Biofabrication is roughly defined as techniques producing complex 2D and 3D tissues and organs from raw materials such as living cells, matrices, biomaterials, and molecules. It is useful for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, drug screening, and organs‐on‐a‐chip. Biofabrication could be carried out by microfluidic techniques, optical methods, microfabrication, 3D bioprinting, etc. Meanwhile, electrochemical devices and/or systems have also been reported. In this progress report, the recent advances in applying these devices/systems for biofabrication are summarized. After introducing the concept of biofabrication, biofabrication strategies using electrochemical approaches are summarized. Then, various electrochemical systems such as probes and chip devices are described. Next, the biofabrication of hydrogels for 3D cell culture, electrochemical modification on cell culture surfaces, electrodeposition of conductive materials in hydrogels for cell culture, and biofabrication of cell aggregates using dielectrophoresis is discussed. In addition, electrochemical stimulation methods such as electrotaxis are mentioned as promising techniques for biofabrication. Finally, future research directions in this field and the application prospects are highlighted.
Hybrid Smart Fiber with Spontaneous Self‐Charging Mechanism for Sustainable Wearable Electronics
Authors: Cho Yuljae , Pak Sangyeon , Lee Young‐Geun , Hwang Jae Seok , Giraud Paul , An Geon‐Hyoung , Cha SeungNam
Published: January 2020

Smart wearable electronics that are fabricated on light‐weight fabrics or flexible substrates are considered to be of next‐generation and portable electronic device systems. Ideal wearable and portable applications not only require the device to be integrated into various fiber form factors, but also desire self‐powered system in such a way that the devices can be continuously supplied with power as well as simultaneously save the acquired energy for their portability and sustainability. Nevertheless, most of all self‐powered wearable electronics requiring both the generation of the electricity and storing of the harvested energy, which have been developed so far, have employed externally connected individual energy generation and storage fiber devices using external circuits. In this work, for the first time, a hybrid smart fiber that exhibits a spontaneous energy generation and storage process within a single fiber device that does not need any external electric circuit/connection is introduced. This is achieved through the employment of asymmetry coaxial structure in an electrolyte system of the supercapacitor that creates potential difference upon the creation of the triboelectric charges. This development in the self‐charging technology provides great opportunities to establish a new device platform in fiber/textile‐based electronics.
An Adaptive and Wearable Thermal Camouflage Device
Authors: Hong Sahngki , Shin Sunmi , Chen Renkun
Published: January 2020

Thermal cloaking and camouflage have attracted increasing attention with the progress of infrared surveillance technologies. Previous studies have been mainly focused on emissivity manipulation or using sophisticated thermal metamaterials. However, emissivity control is only applicable for objects that are warmer than the environment and lower emissivity is usually accompanied with high reflectance of the surrounding thermal signals if they have nonuniform temperature. Metamaterial‐based thermal camouflage holds great promise but their applications on human subjects are yet to be realized. Direct temperature control represents a more desirable strategy to realize dynamically adjustable camouflage within a wide ambient temperature range, but a wearable, portable, and adjustable thermo‐regulation system that is suitable for human subjects has not been developed. This work demonstrates a wearable and adaptive infrared camouflage device responding to the background temperature change based on the thermoelectric cooling and heating effect. The flexible thermoelectric device can realize the infrared camouflage effect to effectively shield the metabolic heat from skin within a wide range of background temperature: 7 °C below and 15 °C above the ambient temperature, showing promise for a broad range of potential applications, such as security, counter‐surveillance, and adaptive heat shielding and thermal control.
Dual‐Doped Hematite Nanorod Arrays on Carbon Cloth as a Robust and Flexible Sodium Anode
Authors: Sun Menglei , Wang Zhenzhu , Ni Jiangfeng , Li Liang
Published: January 2020

Rechargeable batteries with flexibility can find tremendous applications in wearable and bendable electronics. One central mission for the advancement of such high‐performance batteries is the exploration of flexible anodes with electrochemical and mechanical robustness. Herein reported is a robust and flexible sodium‐ion anode based on self‐supported hematite nanoarray grown on carbon cloth. The ammonia treatment that results in dual doping of both nitrogen and low‐valent iron renders surface reactivity and electric conductivity to the material. The dual‐doped hematite arrays afford a robust activity for sodium storage, exhibiting reversible capacities of 895 and 382 mAh g−1 at current rates of 0.1 and 5 A g−1, respectively, or 615 and 356 mAh g−1 by removing the contribution of the substrate. They also sustain 85% of the initial capacity upon 200 cycles at 0.2 A g−1. To demonstrate the flexibility, full cells composed of a hematite array anode and Na3V2(PO4)3/C cathode are assembled. The cell is capable of affording an energy density of 201 Wh kg−1 and sustaining repeated bending without performance decay, demonstrating a significant potential in practical application.
Gelatin Nanoparticle‐Injectable Platelet‐Rich Fibrin Double Network Hydrogels with Local Adaptability and Bioactivity for Enhanced Osteogenesis
Authors: Mu Zhixiang , Chen Kaiwen , Yuan Shuai , Li Yihan , Huang Yuanding , Wang Chao , Zhang Yang , Liu Wenzhao , Luo Wenping , Liang Panpan , Li Xiaodong , Song Jinlin , Ji Ping , Cheng Fang , Wang Huanan , Chen Tao
Published: January 2020

Bone healing is a dynamic process regulated by biochemical signals such as chemokines and growth factors, and biophysical signals such as topographical and mechanical features of extracellular matrix or mechanical stimuli. Hereby, a mechanically tough and bioactive hydrogel based on autologous injectable platelet‐rich fibrin (iPRF) modified with gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) is developed. This composite hydrogel demonstrates a double network (DN) mechanism, wherein covalent network of fibrin serves to maintain material integrity, and self‐assembled colloidal network of GNPs dissipates force upon loading. A rabbit sinus augmentation model is used to investigate the bioactivity and osteogenesis capacity of the DN hydrogels. The DN hydrogels adapt to the local environmental complexity of bone defects, i.e., accommodate the irregular shape of the defects and withstand the pressure formed in the maxillary sinus during animal's respiration process. The DN hydrogel is also demonstrated to absorb and prolong the release of the bioactive growth factors stemming from iPRF, which could have contributed to the early angiogenesis and osteogenesis observed inside the sinus. This adaptable and bioactive DN hydrogel can achieve enhanced bone regeneration in treating complex bone defects by maintaining long‐term bone mass and withstanding the functional mechanical stimuli.
Prototypic Heptamethine Cyanine Incorporating Nanomaterials for Cancer Phototheragnostic
Authors: Leitão Miguel M. , de Melo‐Diogo Duarte , Alves Cátia G. , Lima‐Sousa Rita , Correia Ilídio J.
Published: January 2020

Developing technologies that allow the simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of cancer (theragnostic) has been the quest of numerous interdisciplinary research teams. In this context, nanomaterials incorporating prototypic near infrared (NIR)‐light responsive heptamethine cyanines have been showing very promising results for cancer theragnostic. The precisely engineered features of these nanomaterials endow them with the ability to achieve a high tumor accumulation, enabling a tumor's visualization by NIR fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging modalities. Upon interaction with NIR light, the tumor‐homed heptamethine cyanine‐incorporating nanomaterials can also produce a photothermal/photodynamic effect with a high spatio‐temporal resolution and minimal side effects, leading to an improved therapeutic outcome. This progress report analyses the application of nanomaterials incorporating prototypic NIR‐light responsive heptamethine cyanines (IR775, IR780, IR783, IR797, IR806, IR808, IR820, IR825, IRDye 800CW, and Cypate) for cancer photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and imaging. Overall, the continuous development of nanomaterials incorporating the prototypic NIR absorbing heptamethine cyanines will cement their phototheragnostic capabilities.
A Colorimetric Artificial Olfactory System for Airborne Improvised Explosive Identification
Authors: Wang Guangfa , Li Yushu , Cai Zhenzhen , Dou Xincun
Published: January 2020

The detection of ultralow or nonvolatile target analytes remains a significant challenge for artificial olfactory systems even after decades of development, which severely limits their widespread application. To overcome this challenge, an artificial olfactory system based on a colorimetric hydrogel array is constructed for the first time as a universal representative. As an effective extension of conventional artificial olfactory systems that integrates the merits of its predecessors, the proposed system accurately mimics olfactory mucosa and specific odorant binding proteins using hydrogels endowed with specific colorimetric reagents for the detection of hypochlorite, chlorate, perchlorate, urea, and nitrate. Therefore, the proposed system is capable of detecting and discriminating between these five airborne improvised explosive microparticulates with a detection limit as low as 39.4 pg. Additionally, the system demonstrates good reusability over ten cycles, rapid response time of ≈0.2 s, and excellent discrimination properties, despite significant variation. This proof‐of‐concept study on colorimetric artificial olfactory systems yields a novel strategy for the direct and discriminative detection of nonvolatile airborne microparticulates.
Atorvastatin Eluting Coating for Magnesium‐Based Stents: Control of Degradation and Endothelialization in a Microfluidic Assay and In Vivo
Authors: Ye Changrong , Wang Juan , Zhao Ansha , He Dan , Maitz Manfred F. , Zhou Ningling , Huang Nan
Published: January 2020

While absorbable magnesium (Mg) based vascular stents show promise, more progress is needed to fulfil suitable durability, fast endothelialization, anti‐restenosis, and anti‐inflammation. To design a multifunctional stent, the authors screen a common oral atorvastatin calcium (ATVC) loaded into a surface‐eroding poly(1,3‐trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) on a Mg alloy material (AZ31 wire) to achieve well‐controllable degradation rate, target drug delivery, and vascular remodeling. Moreover, to reduce cytocompatibility discrepancy between in vitro static culture and in vivo tests for Mg‐based materials, a microfluidic model is developed to mimic the microenvironment of an early‐stage stented vessel for the study of endothelial cell responses to Mg. The PTMC and PTMC‐ATVC coatings effectively reduce degradation rate of the Mg alloy in the static immersion, electrochemical measurement, microfluidic chip, and in vivo tests. The PTMC‐ATVC‐coated wires perform an outstanding growth and migration of endothelial cells in the microfluidic chip at a flow rate of 10 µL min−1, compared with uncoated and PTMC‐coated wires. In vivo rat test, the PTMC‐ATVC coating positively regulate endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, reduce intimal hyperplasia and inflammation. The target atorvastatin delivery by PTMC coating show a promising dual‐function for improving the durability and early endothelialization of Mg‐based stents.
NIR Light Driven Terahertz Wave Modulator with a Large Modulation Depth Based on a Silicon‐PEDOT:PSS‐Perovskite Hybrid System
Authors: Lai Weien , Ge Chengda , Yuan Hao , Dong Qingfeng , Yang Deren , Fang Yanjun
Published: January 2020

Terahertz (THz) all‐optical modulation, that is, the transformation from optical signal to THz signal, is critical for the THz communication system. Here, an ultrasensitive all‐optical modulator for THz waves based on a silicon‐poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)‐perovskite hybrid system is presented, with the silicon substrate as the photon absorption layer, which enables its near‐infrared (NIR) light driven THz modulation and exhibits a large modulation depth up to −45 dB under a moderate light intensity of 2.18 W cm−2. The enhanced modulation mechanism of the hybrid system is investigated, which demonstrates the essential role of PEDOT:PSS and passivated perovskite layers in promoting the charge separation at the interface and therefore increasing the surface photoconductivity of the device under light irradiation. This study opens a new window for the design and preparation of high‐performance THz photonic devices.
Printed, Highly Stable Metal Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors with Ultra‐Thin High‐κ Oxide Dielectric
Authors: Carlos Emanuel , Leppäniemi Jaakko , Sneck Asko , Alastalo Ari , Deuermeier Jonas , Branquinho Rita , Martins Rodrigo , Fortunato Elvira
Published: January 2020

Lately, printed oxide electronics have advanced in the performance and low‐temperature solution processability that are required for the dawn of low‐cost flexible applications. However, some of the remaining limitations need to be surpassed without compromising the device electronic performance and operational stability. The printing of a highly stable ultra‐thin high‐κ aluminum‐oxide dielectric with a high‐throughput (50 m min−1) flexographic printing is accomplished while simultaneously demonstrating low‐temperature processing (≤200 °C). Thermal annealing is combined with low‐wavelength far‐ultraviolet exposure and the electrical, chemical, and morphological properties of the printed dielectric films are studied. The high‐κ dielectric exhibits a very low leakage‐current density (10−10 A cm−2) at 1 MV cm−1, a breakdown field higher than 1.75 MV cm−1, and a dielectric constant of 8.2 (at 1 Hz frequency). Printed indium oxide transistors are fabricated using the optimized dielectric and they achieve a mobility up to 2.83 ± 0.59 cm2 V−1 s−1, a subthreshold slope <80 mV dec−1, and a current ON/OFF ratio >106. The flexible devices reveal enhanced operational stability with a negligible shift in the electrical parameters after ageing, bias, and bending stresses. The present work lifts printed oxide thin film transistors a step closer to the flexible applications of future electronics.
X‐Ray Microscopy of Halide Perovskites: Techniques, Applications, and Prospects
Authors: Kodur Moses , Kumar Rishi E. , Luo Yanqi , Cakan Deniz N. , Li Xueying , Stuckelberger Michael , Fenning David P.
Published: January 2020

X‐ray microscopy can provide unique chemical, electronic, and structural insights into perovskite materials and devices leveraging bright, tunable synchrotron X‐ray sources. Over the last decade, fundamental understanding of halide perovskites and their impressive performance in optoelectronic devices has been furthered by rigorous research regarding their structural and chemical properties. Herein, studies of perovskites are reviewed that have used X‐ray imaging, spectroscopy, and scattering microscopies that have proven valuable tools toward understanding the role of defects, impurities, and processing on perovskite material properties and device performance. Together these microscopic investigations have augmented the understanding of the internal workings of perovskites and have helped to steer the perovskite community toward promising directions. In many ways, X‐ray microscopy of perovskites is still in its infancy, which leaves many exciting paths unexplored including new ptychographic, multimodal, in situ, and operando experiments. To explore possibilities, pioneering X‐ray microscopy along these lines is briefly highlighted from other semiconductor systems including silicon, CdTe, GaAs, CuInxGa1−xSe2, and organic photovoltaics. An overview is provided on the progress made in utilizing X‐ray microscopy for perovskites and present opportunities and challenges for future work.
Development of Dopant‐Free Organic Hole Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Pham Hong Duc , Yang Terry Chien‐Jen , Jain Sagar M. , Wilson Gregory J. , Sonar Prashant
Published: January 2020

There has been considerable progress over the last decade in development of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with reported performances now surpassing 25.2% power conversion efficiency. Both long‐term stability and component costs of PSCs remain to be addressed by the research community, using hole transporting materials (HTMs) such as 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐pmethoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirbiuorene(Spiro‐OMeTAD) and poly[bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA). HTMs are essential for high‐performance PSC devices. Although effective, these materials require a relatively high degree of doping with additives to improve charge mobility and interlayer/substrate compatibility, introducing doping‐induced stability issues with these HTMs, and further, additional costs and experimental complexity associated with using these doped materials. This article reviews dopant‐free organic HTMs for PSCs, outlining reports of structures with promising properties toward achieving low‐cost, effective, and scalable materials for devices with long‐term stability. It summarizes recent literature reports on non‐doped, alternative, and more stable HTMs used in PSCs as essential components for high‐efficiency cells, categorizing HTMs as reported for different PSC architectures in addition to use of dopant‐free small molecular and polymeric HTMs. Finally, an outlook and critical assessment of dopant‐free organic HTMs toward commercial application and insight into the development of stable PSC devices is provided.
Switchgrass nitrogen fertility response and nutrient cycling in a hay system
Authors: Ashworth A.J. , Moore P.A. , King R. , Pote D.H. , Douglas J.L. , Jacobs A.A.
Published: January 2020

Nitrogen (N) requirements for switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) forage production in the Mid‐south are largely unknown. This study determined switchgrass forage yield, quality, N removal, and soil fertility response in a two‐forage harvest (pre‐anthesis) system after split applications of 0, 84, 168, 252, and 336 kg N ha–1 yr–1 from 2014 to 2016. Controls were represented by no fertilizer and a 0 N rate with supplemental P, K, Mg, and S. For all experimental years, yield did not benefit from supplemental P, K, Mg, and S, suggesting N was the limiting nutrient. Yield also did not differ between the 252 and the 336 kg N ha–1 yr–1 rates (9.2 and 9.4 Mg ha–1, respectively), indicating no further growth beyond the 252 kg N ha–1 threshold in a two‐cut forage system. At greater N fertility rates (336 kg N ha–1), the majority of the soil nutrient concentrations were reduced compared with the 252 kg N ha–1 rate, owing to greater nutrient removal in harvested plant tissue. Tissue N removal was greatest for the highest N application, albeit not different from the 252 kg N ha–1 rate; N use efficiency had an inverse relationship with N removal, peaking during the lowest N application (84 kg N ha–1). Forage quality varied, but, in general, digestibility improved under greater N fertility. Quantifying trends in forage yield and quality based on N fertility are useful for predicting break‐even prices per fertilizer response.
Heat related illness among workers in Washington State: A descriptive study using workers' compensation claims, 2006‐2017
Authors: Hesketh Martell , Wuellner Sara , Robinson Amanda , Adams Darrin , Smith Caroline , Bonauto David
Published: January 2020

Background

Heat related illness (HRI) places a significant burden on the health and safety of working populations and its impacts will likely increase with climate change. The aim of this study was to characterize the demographic and occupational characteristics of Washington workers who suffered from HRI from 2006 to 2017 using workers' compensation claims data.

Methods

We used Washington workers' compensation data linked to weather station data to identify cases of work‐related HRI. We utilized Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System codes, International Classification of Diseases 9/10 codes, and medical review to identify accepted and rejected Washington State (WA) workers' compensation claims for HRI from 2006 to 2017. We estimated rates of HRI by industry and evaluated patterns by ambient temperature.

Results

We detected 918 confirmed Washington workers' compensation HRI claims from 2006 to 2017, 654 were accepted and 264 were rejected. Public Administration had the highest third quarter rate (131.3 per 100 000 full time employees [FTE]), followed by Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting (102.6 per 100 000 FTE). The median maximum daytime temperature was below the Washington heat rule threshold for 45% of the accepted HRI claims. Latinos were estimated to be overrepresented in HRI cases.

Conclusion

The WA heat rule threshold may not be adequately protecting workers and racial disparities are present in occupational HRI. Employers should take additional precautions to prevent HRI depending on the intensity of heat exposure. States without heat rules and with large industry sectors disproportionately affected by HRI should consider regulations to protect outdoor workers in the face of more frequent and extreme heat waves.
Iron‐MOF‐Catalyzed Domino Cyclization and Aromatization Strategy for the Synthesis of 2,4‐Diarylquinolines
Authors: Devarajan Nainamalai , Suresh Palaniswamy
Published: January 2020

An iron‐based metal‐organic framework, Fe(BTC) has been used as an efficient heterogeneous and sustainable catalyst for the synthesis of 2,4‐diarylquinolines via three‐component Povarov reaction. The presence of a high concentration of coordinatively unsaturated Fe3+ sites of Fe(BTC) efficiently catalyzes the formation of diarylquinolines in the presence of environmentally friendly air as an oxidant. The present methodology avoids the stoichiometric amount of catalyst and sensitive reagents. A series of 2,4‐diarylquinolines have been synthesized via Povarov synthesis in good to excellent yields with good functional group tolerance. The catalyst was easily separated by simple filtration and reused for more than five times without any remarkable loss in activity. Hot filtration test, FTIR, PXRD and SEM characterizations of reused catalyst confirmed the true heterogeneity and the stability of the catalyst. The efficiency of Fe(BTC) catalyst is compared with other homogeneous catalytic systems which enlighten the uniqueness of the present methodology.
Tuning Intramolecular Charge Transfer through Adjusting Hydrogen Bonding by Anions
Authors: Gu Yanan , Shen Han , Li Yongjun
Published: January 2020

In this study we found that appropriate introduction of OH groups as the proton donor and amine as the electron donors to the perylene bisimide core can result in hydrogen‐bonded structures that facilitate tunable intramolecular charge transfer. Addition of F− anions can disrupt the intramolecular hydrogen bonds, therefore facilitate intracomplex proton transfer from O−H to F−, excess fluoride promotes deprotonation of the ground‐state complex. Therefore multiple fluorescence emission can be provided by this system. We used NMR, UV‐Vis‐NIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize these processes. The corresponding pronounced changes in photophysical properties (including color changes from green to blue to red) suggest new opportunities for creating novel functional supramolecular systems, such as multistate fluorescent switches.