bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socializace dítěte ve vyloučené lokalitě
Authors: Bittnerová Dana , Doubek David , Levínská Markéta
Published: October 2024

In our qualitative study, we would like to address the existing interpretation of the socialization of children from excluded localities. Theoretically, we start from the concept of cultural models (the cognitive anthropological approach). In our study, we explore shared opinion - the schema that children do whatever they want. We would like to show that the benevolence of Roma parents is not an expression of their upbringing and of their resignation on education, but that it stems from the different structures of the schema. The main issue is the confrontation of the schemata related to the concept of childhood and the education of socially excluded people and of the majority. The key concept is the relation between the need for discipline (the majority position, Foucault) and the respect and apprehension for children (the position of excluded people). During the modernization process, the majority accepted that the aim of socialization is to produce a "universal", flexible individual with compatible cultural knowledge. Conversely, the aim of socialization among excluded families is to produce a respectable community member their own measures. Punishment is not a tool of discipline, but a means of communication, which expresses something about the relationships between the punisher and the punished. Parental and adult authority is absolute in a certain way, but it does not assert itself during the process of discipline - parents are respected, but they do not transform their own position into the tool of the child's oppression. The idea of teaching is missing here, and is substituted by the schema's gradual coping with things. In excluded localities, coping means gaining composure. In the network of schemata, the concept of gaining composure contributes to the schema that children do whatever they want. Parents can gain composure when they leave their children to do what they want to do. This does not mean, however, that this schema causes chaos in the process of socialization in an excluded locality. In fact, the schema children do whatever they want prepares them to practically and psychically manage their lives in exclusion.
Martin Luther King: Odkaz naděje. Vybrané články a projevy.
Authors: Plzák Michal
Published: October 2024

A review of the book by Martin Luther King.
Jan Gehl: Města pro lidi.
Authors: Kapičková Jana
Published: October 2024

A review of the book by Jan Gehl.
Martin Jemelka: Ostravské dělnické kolonie I. Závodní kolonie kamenouhelných dolů a koksoven v moravské části Ostravy.
Authors: Pokludová Andrea
Published: October 2024

A review of the book by Martin Jemelka.
Vojvodovské setkání
Authors: Zalabáková Jitka
Published: October 2024

Setkání uspořádané v první řadě pro vojvodovské rodáky, o jejichž životní osudy se již mnoho let intenzivně zajímají antropologové Marek Jakoubek a Lenka Jakoubková Budilová, bylo výjimečnou událostí. Tzv. bulharských Čechů, kteří alespoň část svého života prožili v krajanské obci Vojvodovo a v letech 1945–50 přesídlili do Československa, nevyhnutelně ubývá. Nejstarší žijící (ex)Vojvodovčané již překročili devadesátku. Pořadatelé z Občanského sdružení Vojvodovo, v čele s již zmíněnými manželi Jakoubkovými a Bořivojem Kňourkem, a z obce Nový Přerov (v níž část „bulharských Čechů“ žije) se už z tohoto důvodu obávali malé účasti. Ukázalo se však, že zbytečně. V kulturním domě v Novém Přerově se během sobotního odpoledne postupně sešlo na 120 osob. Zhruba čtvrtina z nich se narodila ve Vojvodovu, dále dorazili jejich potomci, jiní příbuzní a přátelé, přítomno bylo také několik badatelů (Tomáš Hirt a Michal Pavlásek se přitom zhostili natáčení celé akce).
Zemřel Miloslav Petrusek
Authors: Nešpor Zdeněk R.
Published: October 2024

Na sklonku léta nás navždy opustil jeden z nejvýznamnějších českých sociologů všech dob Milan Petrusek. Odešel sice nemocen, ale v plné práci: v týdnu před jeho smrtí jsme společně pracovali na souhrnných Dějinách české sociologie, Milan psal lektorský posudek na čtyřicet let opožděné vydání knihy Jiřiny Šiklové o levicových studentských hnutích konce šedesátých let. Byl to jeho asi poslední text, ještě před tím však stačil popřát Ivo Možnému k osmdesátinám, sociologicky zhodnotit dílo Václava Havla, T. G. Masaryka i teoretickou stránku současné české sociologie...
ANN modeling for predicting muscle-implanted antenna performance for skin and fat thickness variations at 2.45 GHz
Authors: Ghosh Soham , Gupta Bhaskar
Published: October 2024

Implantable antenna is embedded in implantable medical devices to communicate with external world for continuous patient monitoring. The implantable antenna performance may vary with patients due to their different skin and fat thickness owing to their environment, location and concentration of collagen in skin, estrogen and testosterone concentration, age, diseases like obesity, Gottron syndrome etc. Estimation of IMA performance requires a proper description of its dependence on variable skin and fat thickness which is not studied extensively in previous related works. In this article, we have designed a muscle-implanted antenna at 2.45 GHz to examine its performance dependence on variable skin and fat thickness values. In this study, we have designed an artificial neural network (ANN) for prediction of antenna performance parameters at 2.45 GHz for wide range of skin and fat thickness variations. The designed ANN model can predict antenna performance with ∼0.99 % error. Here, accurate dependence analysis of radiation performance of implantable antenna in terms of S
11, realized gain, bandwidth and operating frequency on skin and fat thickness variations is performed which has not been studied yet and use of ANN in this field for accurate prediction is also a novel approach.
Gauls in the Roman Senate: A Rhetorical Analysis of Claudius’ Speech Preserved on the Tabula Lugdunensis
Authors: de Jonge Casper
Published: October 2024

The Tabula Lugdunensis, unearthed at Lyon in 1528, preserves part of a speech that emperor Claudius delivered to the Senate in 48 CE, to argue in favour of admitting the elites of north-western Gaul to the Roman senate. This article presents a rhetorical analysis of the speech. Modern readers have labelled the style of the speech ‘bombastic’ and ‘pedantic’, while criticising its many historical examples. An examination of the speech in terms of inventio, dispositio and elocutio, however, demonstrates that Claudius carefully constructs the ethos of an erudite and open-minded authority. Two moments of rhetorical persuasion can be distinguished: first, the Senate meeting in Rome itself and, second, the publication of the bronze inscription at the Sanctuary of the Three Gauls at Lugdunum. Not much deliberative rhetoric was perhaps needed to persuade the senators to agree with their emperor; the display of the inscription, on the other hand, could be interpreted as a form of epideictic rhetoric, which may have given a significant boost to the self-confidence of Roman citizens in Gaul. While some senators in Rome may have disliked the lengthy historical exempla in the oral speech, visitors to the sanctuary in Lugdunum may have appreciated seeing Gaul included in the long history of Rome.
Reichenauiensis. Ein verlorener Reichenauer Codex und seine Bedeutung für die Textkonstitution der Chronik Prospers, der Chronik Cassiodors, der Continuatio Reichenauiensis und des Laterculus Vandalorum mitsamt einer Neuedition der Fasti Augustani
Authors: Fröhlich Niklas
Published: October 2024

At the end of antiquity and the onset of the Middle Ages the genre of chronicles flourished as a lively and non-central practice of continuing, compiling and combining chronographic material. Any given manuscript could thus become its own “work” containing a singular combination of different texts, often reworked, or linked in some manner to form a unified whole. One of those “chains of chronicles” (Ian Wood) is preserved in two different forms by Paris BN Lat. 4860 and Augsburg, SuStb 2° 223, both of which Theodor Mommsen assumed to be copies of a lost Reichenau codex (“Reichenauiensis”) described in the catalogue of Reginbert of Reichenau between 835 and 842 AD. More recent research has instead tried to interpret the later Augsburg copy as a descriptus of the Paris manuscript, which would have (and in some cases has already had) some consequences for the textual criticism of many works also, only, or primarily attested by this chronographic compilation. By analyzing and comparing the individual ways in which each manuscript reflects the same common tradition (or diverts from it), this paper demonstrates that, indeed, Mommsen’s analysis is correct: Both manuscripts attest to a single lost archetype, Mommsen’s “Reichenauiensis”. The reaffirmation of this position along with a more profound understanding of the ways the texts were obviously reworked especially by the Carolingian compiler(s) of the Paris manuscript sheds new light on some discussions of the chronicle of Prosper and especially its so-called “Reichenau continuation”, the chronicle of Cassiodorus, the Laterculus Vandalorum, and the often misunderstood so-called “Fasti Augustani”, the first complete edition of which is presented as an appendix. The paper also serves as a case study of the many ways late antique chronographic texts were used, continued, (re‐)combined and appropriated in late antiquity by medieval or early modern scholars and, finally, modern critical editors.
Chalcedonian Bishops in the ‘Pagan Affair’ of 580
Authors: Roggo Silvio
Published: October 2024

This paper offers an analysis of the dynamics at play in an under-studied episode of religious violence in Late Antiquity, the so-called ‘pagan affair’ which took place in 580 during the reign of Tiberios. It provides a novel explanation for why the Chalcedonian patriarchs Gregory of Antioch and Eutychios of Constantinople were targeted as pagans or sympathisers of pagans during the riots which erupted after the discovery of pagan circles among the Roman elite. The position of both of them was challenged: Eutychios held controversial theological views; moreover, he had previously been deposed and replaced by John Scholastikos, and many clerics considered his return to the episcopal throne uncanonical. Gregory was confronted with a similar difficulty, since his predecessor Anastasios had been sent into exile, but still had many supporters. In addition, both patriarchs were persecutors of the anti-Chalcedonians, who were therefore interested in slandering their persecutors in order to avenge themselves. The paper argues that charges in the form of anti-pagan polemic, such as those brought forth against the two patriarchs, were a useful weapon to deploy against political or religious opponents. It also sets the pagan affair in the context of Tiberios’ religious policy and analyses the strategies the emperor used to end the riots. Finally, it establishes a connection between the affair and an instance of pagan persecution which was triggered some years later, at the beginning of the reign of Maurice, by the successor of Eutychios, patriarch John the Faster.
Exclamation, intensity, and emotive assertion
Authors: Trotzke Andreas , Giannakidou Anastasia
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we present a novel analysis of exclamations as assertions equivalent to particular uses of declarative sentences with emotive verbs. Focusing on wh-exclamatives and declarative exclamations, we offer a wide range of arguments for why they are both assertive. We further argue that like emotive verbs, exclamations convey a presupposition not of factivity but of subjective veridicality anchored to the speaker, and assert the emotion (of surprise, amazement, or a negative emotion). Our analysis proposes a syntax-semantics for exclamations without a speech act operator, and exclamativity surfaces as an attitude rather than a speech act. This seems to be well motivated by the Greek, German as well as English facts we examine in the paper. Illocutionary operator approaches cannot capture the facts discussed here, and they also fail to determine precisely what the exclamative force might be.
Review perspective on advanced nutrachemicals and anterior cruciate ligament rehabilitation
Authors: Haojie Dai , Mukherjee Sohini , Bhattacharya Tanima
Published: October 2024

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are prevalent among athletes, necessitating surgical intervention followed by comprehensive rehabilitation. Recently, the integration of nutraceuticals – bioactive compounds from food sources – into rehabilitation protocols has shown promise in enhancing recovery outcomes. This review explores the potential benefits of various nutraceuticals, including omega-3 fatty acids, collagen supplements, vitamin D, glucosamine and chondroitin, curcumin, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), in ACL rehabilitation. These nutraceuticals offer anti-inflammatory properties, support tissue repair, and improve joint and muscle health, which are critical during the rehabilitation process. Despite encouraging preclinical findings, there is a need for robust clinical trials to confirm their efficacy and establish optimal dosages and formulations. Personalized nutrition plans and interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare providers are essential for optimizing patient care. This perspective underscores the potential of advanced nutraceuticals to revolutionize ACL rehabilitation, paving the way for faster and more effective recovery pathways.
Stop Fooling Yourself! (Diagnosing and Treating Confirmation Bias)
Authors: Born Richard T.
Published: October 2024

Confirmation bias (CB) is a cognitive bias that allows us to fool ourselves by selectively filtering data and distorting analyses to support favored beliefs or hypotheses. In this article, I will briefly review some classic experiments from cognitive psychology that illustrate what a powerful, pernicious, and insidious force CB is. I will then discuss how to recognize CB in our own thinking and behavior and describe specific elements of good experimental design that can mitigate its effects. These elements—such as randomization and blinding—are conceptually straightforward but often difficult in practice and therefore not as widely implemented as they should be.
Photocatalytic and thermoelectric properties of Cu2SrSnS4 nanoparticles by solvothermal method
Authors:   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, 9 Yinbing Street, Yancheng 224051, PR China, Hao G. , Shen J. Y. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, 9 Yinbing Street, Yancheng 224051, PR China, Sun Y. L. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, 9 Yinbing Street, Yancheng 224051, PR China, Xu K. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, 9 Yinbing Street, Yancheng 224051, PR China, Wang Y. F. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, 9 Yinbing Street, Yancheng 224051, PR China
Published: October 2024

In the present work, flower-like Cu2SrSnS4 (CSTS) sample is successfully prepared by solvothermal method. The XRD and Raman analysis confirm that pure CSTS phase with trigonal structure is obtained. The band gap of as-obtained CSTS naocrystals is estimated to be 1.49eV. The removal of methylene blue (MB) within 100min under simulated solar light irradiation is around 90%, depicting that CSTS is a potential material for effective solar light photocatalytic application. Meanwhile, The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity of CSTS material can reach to 128.57μV•K-1 and 20.35S·m-1 at 675K, respectively, indicating its potential for thermoelectric application.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of brachypterum scandens for antimicrobial applications
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), Salem - 636007, Tamil Nadu, India, Senthilkumar V. C. , Bhadusha N. ,   Department of Chemistry, Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), Salem - 636007, Tamil Nadu, India, Uthrakumar R ,   Department of Physics, Govt. Arts College(Autonomous), Salem - 636007, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: October 2024

Due to their environmentally friendly manufacturing process, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted a lot of attention from chemists and researchers in recent years. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized AgNPs was thoroughly analyzed and characterized. For the purpose of characterization, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were utilized. The ethanol extract's UV analysis wavelengths were identified as 428 nm and 414 nm, respectively. The produced AgNPs had significantly greater antibacterial activity against a variety of bacteria, including E. coli, B. subtilis, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, when compared to AgNO3 and untreated extracts.
Macro-FSH is a rare cause of inappropriately high FSH concentrations
Authors: Mantovani Beatrice , Indirli Rita , Lanzi Valeria , Petria Iulia , Arosio Maura , Mantovani Giovanna , Somigliana Edgardo , Vidali Matteo , Ceriotti Ferruccio , Ferrante Emanuele
Published: October 2024

Assessment of hormone concentrations can be subjected to laboratory pitfalls. Macro-hormones are hormone–autoantibody complexes which are cleared slowly from circulation and cause a false elevation in hormones’ concentrations. Macro-prolactin and macro-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are most frequently encountered while macro-follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) has been rarely reported. We describe the case of a 30-year-old woman who had a gynaecological consultation due to failure in achieving pregnancy after 8 months of unprotected intercourse. She had regular menses, did not complain of climacteric symptoms and her medical history was unremarkable. Antral follicle count and anti-mullerian hormone concentrations were normal, and regular ovulation was documented. Unexpectedly, high early follicular phase FSH concentrations were confirmed on two occasions (57 and 51 IU/L), raising the suspicion of primary ovarian insufficiency. After excluding Turner’s syndrome and autoimmune oophoritis, a laboratory artifact was hypothesized. Following polyethylene glycol precipitation, FSH levels dropped from 41.1 IU/L to 6.54 IU/L (recovery 16%) and the presence of macro-FSH was concluded. Laboratory interference can lead to misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments. A laboratory artifact should be suspected when inconsistency exists between clinical presentation and laboratory results. Only five other cases of macro-FSH have been reported to date. Although macro-hormones generally have low biological activity and do not require treatment, the role of anti-FSH antibodies has been hypothesized in primary ovarian insufficiency and in vitro fertilization failure.

Learning points

Hormone quantification is a cornerstone in the diagnostic workup of endocrine disorders, but it can be subjected to laboratory interferences which can lead to unnecessary investigations and inappropriate treatments.

A laboratory artifact should be suspected when a discrepancy is observed between clinical presentation and laboratory results, when extremely unusual analyte concentrations are observed and when inconsistent results are obtained by different analytical methods.

Macro-hormones are hormone–autoantibody complexes which are cleared slowly from circulation and cause a false elevation in hormone concentrations. Macro-prolactin and macro-TSH are most frequently encountered, while macro-FSH has been rarely reported.

Macro-hormones can be detected by polyethylene glycol precipitation, gel filtration chromatography, or by using protein G or protein A columns.

Although macro-hormones generally have low biological activity and do not require treatment, the role of anti-FSH antibodies has been hypothesized in primary ovarian insufficiency and in vitro fertilization failure.
Dual PPAR-α/γ enhances beta cell identity, preserving islet structure in HF-fed mice
Authors: Fernandes-da-Silva Aline , Santana-Oliveira Daiana Araujo , Miranda Rosiane Aparecida , Souza-Tavares Henrique , Silva-Veiga Flávia Maria , Mandarim-de-Lacerda Carlos Alberto , Souza-Mello Vanessa
Published: October 2024

The pancreas suffers from lipotoxicity, which threatens the survival of pancreatic islets. Dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha/gamma (PPAR-α/γ) agonism is a promising method for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study evaluated the effects of single PPAR-α and PPAR-γ or their combined activation on pancreatic islet remodelling, beta cell proliferation, identity and maintenance in an experimental obesity model. Fifty three-month-old mice, randomly divided to receive the control (C) or high-fat (HF) diet for ten weeks, were then redivided for a four-week treatment: C, HF, HF-a (received the PPAR-α agonist), HF-g (received the PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone) and HF-d (received PPAR-α/γ agonists). The HF group was overweight, had oral glucose intolerance, showed a proinflammatory adipokine profile, exhibited increased alpha and beta cell masses and showed islet gene expression compatible with compromised beta cell proliferation and favoured dedifferentiation. All treatments reduced body weight, mitigated oral glucose intolerance and produced an anti-inflammatory adipokine profile, which rescued islet cytoarchitecture and beta cell function. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a shift in the antiapoptotic gene Bcl2 and beta cell proliferation genes (Pax4 and Neurog3) in HF-a. Conversely, HF-g and HF-d benefited from the upregulation of genes related to beta cell function (Fgf21, Glut2 and Glp1r), identity and maintenance (Pdx1, Neurod1, Mafa and Nkx6.1). The HF mice were glucose intolerant, showing islet hypertrophy and low beta cell identity-related genes. In contrast, PPAR activation rescued islet structure, and PCA showed that the PPAR-α/γ combination was the most effective treatment because it favoured beta cell function, identity and maintenance-related genes, halting the T2DM spectrum in diet-induced obese mice.
BIOETHANOL CONVERSION INTO HIGH-OCTANE COMPONENTS OF MOTOR FUEL IN THE PRESENCE OF COBALT-CONTAINING HZSM-5 TYPE ZEOLITES
Authors: MAMEDOV E.S. , BABAYEVA B.A. , AKHMEDOVA N.F. , MAMEDOV S.E.
Published: October 2024

The influence of the concentration of cobalt introduced into HZSM-5 on its acidic and catalytic properties in the transformation of ethanol into high-octane components of motor fuels has been studied in the plug-flow unit within the temperature range of 300-450 °С. The unmodified НZSM-5 zeolite is shown to be highly selective to aromatization products (27.5-47.6 %) and С1-С3 alkanes (25.8-37.1 %). A significant increase in selectivity to isomerisation products (from 17.2-19.8 to 34.0-42.7 %) is established for cobalt-modified (1.0-3.0 wt. %) zeolite catalysts within the temperature range 300-350 °C. The highest increase in the selectivity of modified catalysts to aromatisation products (32.7-40.7 %) is observed within the temperature interval of 400-450 °С. The effect of modification on the acid properties of HZSM-5 zeolite has been studied using the temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia. It is shown that the changes of the catalytic properties of HZSM-5 zeolite are connected with a considerable decrease in the concentration of strong Brønsted acid centres (from 538 to 317 μmol/g), with the formation of new stronger Lewis acid centres (37-80 μmol/g) including cobalt ions and acid-base Coδ+-Oδ- type pairs capable of strong polarization and activation of C-H bonds in the intermediates. Selectivity to the products of isomerisation and aromatization on the modified catalysts is regulated by cobalt concentration and process temperature. The highest selectivity to isomerisation products (42.7 %) is achieved over the 2 % Co/HZSM-5 catalyst at a temperature of 300 °C. The catalysate obtained over the 2 % Co/HZSM-5 catalyst at 300 °С corresponds to Euro-5 standard in the content of isoparaffin (56.4 %) and aromatic (29.8 %) hydrocarbons, benzene (0.6 %) and olefins (1.1 %).
DEVELOPMENT OF RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY FOR SPENT CHEMICAL NICKEL PLATING SOLUTION
Authors: SUKSIN N.E. , SHUMILOVA M.A. , CHUKAVIN A.I.
Published: October 2024

Currently, the chemical nickel plating process is one of the most popular electroplating methods compared to others due to a number of advantages. However, the production process generates a significant amount of spent chemical nickel plating solutions, which poses a threat of environmental pollution. To solve this problem, the possibility of regenerating the spent solution of chemical nickel plating from one of the industrial enterprises of Udmurtia by the reagent method was studied. Sodium carbonate was chosen as the precipitant for nickel ions, the amount of which was determined from potentiometric titration curves; the most complete precipitation of nickel ions occurs at pH 10. It has been established by IR spectroscopy that nickel hydroxide salts are formed as a result of the interaction of the spent electrolyte with the precipitant. The results of thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis of the precipitate showed three endothermic effects: at temperatures up to 100 °C, it corresponds to dehydration; at 280±10 °C - to the removal of a part of chemisorbed water and carbonates; at 420 °C - to the final removal of water. As a result of heat treatment of the hydroxocarbonate precipitate, a black fine powder of nickel(II) oxide is obtained, the IR spectrum of which has a set of bands characteristic of this compound. Two variants of the technological scheme for the regeneration of spent electrolytes for the preparation of initial working solutions for chemical nickel plating from nickel(II) hydroxocarbonate and nickel oxide are proposed. The quality of the obtained solutions was checked by applying a nickel coating on brass products. The thickness of the coating was measured by scanning electron microscopy. It has been established that the highest quality coating is obtained using an electrolyte prepared from nickel hydroxocarbonate.
Attenuation coefficients of soy-lignin bonded Rhizophora spp. particleboard as a potential phantom material using Monte Carlo GATE
Authors: Zuber Siti Hajar , Abdul Hadi Muhammad Fahmi Rizal , Hashikin Nurul Ab. Aziz , Yusof Mohd Fahmi Mohd , Aziz Mohd Zahri Abdul
Published: October 2024

This work aimed to determine the linear and mass attenuation coefficients of soy-lignin bonded Rhizophora spp. particleboard intended for use as a phantom material using Monte Carlo GATE simulation. At a desired density of 1.0 gcm-3, particleboard constructed of Rhizophora spp. wood trunk bonded with soy flour and lignin was created. The sample’s elemental composition was identified using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The GATE software was used to simulate the setup with the histories of 1 × 107, and comparison was made between the experimental and simulation data. The disparities between the linear and mass attenuation coefficients of the samples experimentally measured and calculated using GATE at low energy photons were quite small. The result revealed a good agreement between the experimental and simulation data, and the attenuation coefficients were in close proximity with XCOM of water. The outcome revealed GATE adequacy for validation of attenuation coefficient measurement in bioresources phantom material for medical physics application.
Framework and Strategies to Implement the National Education Policy – 2020
Authors:   Department of Management Education, NITTTR, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462002, India, Gupta B. L.
Published: October 2024

Background: The higher education institutions will go a major innovation, reform, and change to achieve the goal of achieving quality, accreditation, and autonomy. Purpose: To evolve a holistic framework and strategies for achieving, quality, accreditation, and autonomy. Methods: The study is an exploratory qualitative study. The unstructured questionnaire is used for conducting the research which is responded to by 754 respondents working in higher and technical education institutions in the country. Result: The framework suggested in this study is having four rings. The innermost ring is a governing ring that is responsible for the professional governance of the institute with the help of the governing teams. The second ring is the capacity-building ring which is responsible for capacity building and capacity development and creating an innovative climate and culture. The third ring is a functional ring that is responsible for implementing the innovations, reforms, and change in the institute that are aligned to the provisions of the national education policy 2020. The fourth ring is the product and service ring and also the outermost ring which is responsible for the interface between the institution and the external environment. Conclusion: The reform-oriented institutions are provided strengths by these four rings to obtain accreditation and autonomy and sustain it. The strategies for each ring are suggested in the context of the National Education Policy 2020. It is suggested to implement the framework and strategies to effectively, efficiently, and productively implement the innovations in the institute.
Medical Team Practices and Interpreter Alterations on Family-Centered Rounds
Authors: Parente Victoria M. , Robles Joanna M. , Lemmon Monica , Pollak Kathryn I.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Robust evidence demonstrates inequities in communication during family-centered rounds for families who use a language other than English (LOE) for health care. This study aimed to characterize the type of interpreter alterations occurring on family-centered rounds and identify medical team communication practices associated with alterations.

METHODS

In this observational study of interpreter-supported family-centered rounds, we recorded and transcribed family-centered rounds encounters for Spanish-speaking families. We assessed measures of medical team communication behaviors and interpreter alterations (omissions, additions, and substitutions) using previously described instruments. We used a content analysis approach to apply defined codes to each interpreted segment and to characterize the nature of interpreter alterations. We assessed the association between medical team communication behaviors and interpreter alterations using χ2 tests.

RESULTS

We recorded, transcribed, and coded 529 interpreted segments of 10 family-centered rounds encounters. At least 1 alteration was present in 72% (n = 382/529) of interpreted segments. Omissions were the most common alteration (n = 242/529, 46%) followed by substitutions (n = 177/529, 34%) and additions (n = 71/529, 13%). Interpretation resulted in a potentially negative alteration in 29% (n = 155/529) and a positive alteration in 9% (n = 45/529) of segments. Greater number of sentences in the segment preceding interpretation was associated with an increase in loss of information (P < .001), loss of social support (P = .003), and loss of partnership (P = .020).

CONCLUSIONS

To improve communication with families that use an LOE, medical teams must abide by best practices for using an interpreter such as frequent pausing to prevent loss of both biomedical and psychosocial information.
Neighborhood Disadvantage and Birth Outcomes Among Refugees
Authors: Foverskov Else , White Justin S. , Frøslev Trine , Pedersen Lars , Sørensen Henrik T. , Hamad Rita
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE

To examine the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and birth outcomes among refugee women in Denmark, leveraging a natural experiment.

METHODS

This register-based study included 15 118 infants born to women who arrived in Denmark as refugees during 1986 to 1998, when a dispersal policy was in place that quasirandomly assigned newcomers to neighborhoods with varying degrees of socioeconomic disadvantage. Neighborhood disadvantage was measured using a composite index representing neighborhood-level income, education, unemployment, and welfare assistance. These data were linked to individual-level birth register data. Outcomes included low birth weight, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational-age infants. Associations between neighborhood disadvantage at resettlement and birth outcomes up to 20 years after resettlement were examined using multivariable regressions adjusting for characteristics of the women at resettlement.

RESULTS

Each SD of increase in neighborhood disadvantage was associated with an 18% increase in low birth weight risk (0.61 percentage points [pp], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19–1.02), 15% increase in preterm birth risk (0.64 pp, 95% CI: 0.22–1.07), and 7% increase in small-for-gestational-age risk (0.78 pp, 95% CI: 0.01–1.54) 5 years after resettlement. Results did not differ after adjusting for urbanicity and conational density, but associations were attenuated after adjusting for municipality-level fixed effects, suggesting that local government characteristics may partially explain the associations.

CONCLUSIONS

Resettling in a disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with higher risk of adverse birth outcomes among refugee women. This highlights how policy decisions affecting settlement of refugees can have long-term consequences, including on the health of the next generation.
Safety in Cheerleading: Epidemiology and Recommendations: Policy Statement
Authors: Canty Greg , King Jennifer ,   COUNCIL ON SPORTS MEDICINE AND FITNESS, Brooks Margaret Alison , Carl Rebecca L. , Briskin Susannah M. , Cuff Steven , Edwards Nicholas M. , Kinsella Sarah , Lang Pamela J. , Master Christina Lin , Miller Shane Michael , Silva Francisco Jose , Walter Kevin D. , Faigenbaum Avery , Diamond Alex , Elder Patrice C. , Peterson Andrew , Emanuel Anjie
Published: October 2024

Participation in cheerleading has continued to increase over the last decade, and the sport has evolved to require a higher level of athleticism. More than 3.5 million youth currently participate, with the vast majority being females between the ages of 6 and 17 years. Cheer occurs in both scholastic and nonscholastic settings; participants may perform to support other interscholastic teams or engage in competitions to showcase their skills against other squads. With the increased athletic demands of the sport and the year-round nature of competition, the number of injuries, including concussions, has risen. The overall injury rate for cheer is fairly low, but average time away from sport after injury is lengthy suggesting injuries can be severe. This policy statement reviews the epidemiology of cheerleading injuries and offers recommendations on how to improve the safety of cheerleading for all youth.
Selection of wines for wine lists in restaurants of Bosnia-Herzegovina: A comparative study
Authors: Čaušević Amra , Nikolić Domagoj
Published: October 2024

This study examines the wine list strategy preferences among restaurateurs in Bosnia and Herzegovina, focusing on identifying which criteria are deemed most and least important. A structured analysis categorizes strategies based on their frequency of selection as “Most Important” and “Least Important,” establishing a clear hierarchy of value among various criteria. The findings highlight two predominant strategies: “Preference for local wine” and “High reputation brand,” which is significant in the decision-making process. Restaurateurs consistently prioritize these strategies, with a dual emphasis on promoting local wine traditions and responding to market demands for reputable brands. The study underscores a pragmatic approach among Bosnian-Herzegovinian restaurateurs, who prioritize familiarity and perceived market security in their wine selections, potentially at the expense of enhancing gastronomic experiences and customer education. Further analysis using Z-scores confirmed the statistical significance of these findings, identifying Strategy Choices 4 and 6 with notably high Z-scores, indicating their distinct importance compared to other criteria. This quantitative approach enhances the understanding of how these strategies stand out within the surveyed context, emphasizing their relevance in shaping wine list strategies. The study contributes insights into the strategic decision-making processes of Bosnian-Herzegovinian restaurateurs regarding wine selection, highlighting the dominance of local wine preference and brand reputation considerations. It underscores potential areas for improvement in integrating gastronomic expertise and enhancing customer experiences, suggesting avenues for future research and strategic refinement in the local restaurant industry.
Antioxidant potential of olive leaf (Olea europaea L.) sustainable extracts evaluated in vitro and minced beef meat
Authors: Iftikhar Ayesha , Dupas-Farrugia Coralie , De Leonardis Antonella , Macciola Vincenzo , Moiz Abdul , Martin Doriane
Published: October 2024

In this work, by using water steam only, two antioxidant extracts were obtained from olive leaves (Olea europaea L.), a by-product of olive oil chain. Olive leaf extracts (OLEs) were tested as such (water extract: WE) and partially purified with ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate [EA] extract). Total phenols were 7.4 mg/mL and 3.8 mg/mL in WE and EA final solutions, respectively, evidencing a different composition by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Both extracts were evaluated in vitro in comparison to pure hydroxytyrosol (Hy). A 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) EC50 of 57.6, 76.5, and 39.7 µg/mL and a ferric reducing antioxidant power EC50 of 84.8, 69.9, 41.2 µg/mL were determined for WE, EA, and Hy solution, respectively. The Rancimat induction time determined at 120°C in a lard sample with 200-ppm total phenol equivalent addition of WE, EA, and Hy was 8.92 h, 12.74 h, and 7.27 h, respectively (vs. 2.24 h for lard only). Extracts were added at the same dose (200 ppm) to minced beef patties that were put in closed containers under controlled air headspace composition (NA, natural air; HOA, modified air with 80% O2; and 20% N2) and stored at 4°C up to 10 days. Extracts showed significant effectiveness in contrasting decrease of O2 level in containers as well as pH and color changes of patties. A significant increase (expressed as mg of malondialdehyde MDA/kg; thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) assay was conducted in control samples at an interval of 0–10 days (from 0.52 to 0.78 mg of MDA/kg in NA samples; and from 0.55 to 1.31 mg of MDA/kg in HOA samples), while minimal changes were observed in treated samples. These findings suggest a potential use of OLEs for maintaining quality and oxidative stability of beef patties during storage.
Augmented Reality as a Tool to Support the Connection Between Reality and Mathematical Knowledge: A Case for Teaching Parallel Relations of Planes in Space
Authors: Nam Pham Sy , Thai Le Hong , Lavicza Zsolt , Schmid Angelika , Houghton Tony
Published: October 2024

In the 11th−grade Vietnamese Mathematics Curriculum, students learn about parallel relations between planes in space. This is cognitively challenging for many students. Studies have shown difficulties relating to limited spatial imagination and drawing representations.
The teacher’s approach also causes difficulties for some students; for example, some teachers do not approach new knowledge from practice. These approaches lead students to learn math only in that class rather than to relate math knowledge to real life, whereas real-life objects can
be good tools for illustrating knowledge of spatial geometry. This study uses an action research method using GeoGebra 3D Calculator software to design teaching situations about parallel relations of lines and planes in space. This study was conducted with 40 students in 11th grade
in Long An Province, Vietnam. It was found that learning tasks can be designed to help students construct knowledge effectively and overcome difficulties. The results of this research show that AR software for 3D Geometry, in particular GeoGebra, creates a connection between reality and abstract
knowledge about the parallel relations of lines and surfaces in space. The research also shows that the application of augmented reality in teaching helps students understand and test hypotheses, eliminate false hypotheses, and build new knowledge about parallel relations effectively.
The Norwegian language in Argentina: A first look at heritage Norwegian in a new context
Authors: Kinn Kari , Hjelde Arnstein , Lund Stokka Marie
Published: October 2024

This paper presents preliminary observations of Norwegian as a heritage language (HL) in a contact situation that has largely gone unnoticed up until now: Argentina, where Spanish is the main contact language. We discuss some lexical, morphological, and syntactic properties of Argentine Norwegian, with Norwegian as a HL in North America as a comparative backdrop, and we point out directions for future research.
Veterinary disease-oriented Biobanking for biomolecular analysis based on frozen tumor biopsies, cell culture and forensic tissues
Authors: Montoya-Florez Luis Maurício , Missen-Tremori Tália , Rocha Noeme S.
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: Collecting and analyzing biological specimens leads to unprecedented opportunities for assessing and understanding the complex networks of interactions between biomolecules, and the functional and clinical consequences of their alterations. In this context, the Tissue Bank plays a key role in life science research and development, making its implementation in veterinary medicine essential for developing new research, especially in the forensic and tumor fields. In total, 52 tissues were collected, 15 forensic samples, 25 neoplasms, and 12 cell cultures. The storage, freezing, data management protocols, and the quality of these samples were analyzed. In the same way, the quality of the RNA and DNA in the short and long term was evaluated. The quality of the genetic material was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. For data comparisons, non-parametric tests were used, with a significance level of p˂0.05. The measures adopted in the Tissue Bank for obtaining and handling the samples and for controlling and guaranteeing the quality were considered adequate, as they enabled optimal preservation of the integrity of the genetic material, a relevant factor for the use of tumor samples and forensic samples stored in the Biobank, thus contributing to future molecular research in the area of pathology and investigations of crimes against fauna.
Singularity and the dispute for a transhumanist ideology
Authors: Evangelista Rafael , Chiodi Vitor
Published: October 2024

Abstract We understand Singularism, a stream of transhumanist thought, to be an ideology associated with Silicon Valley and the political right-wing (Hughes 2002). Taking this as our object of study, the present article conducts an anthropological discussion around the concepts of culture, ideology, and cosmology as proposed by Eric Wolf (1999). Cosmology provides a basis for ideology so as to offer elements for criteria such as truth and the inevitability of a given project for power. We point out how cybernetics works as a cosmology for Singularism and we explore political and philosophical differences between exponents of Singularism, which -- to a large extent - express different appropriations of cybernetics in their construction of the concept of Singularity.
Public policies in open scenes of crack use: The hotels in the De Braços Abertos programme as an experience of a consensual and participatory environment
Authors: Alves Ygor Diego Delgado , Pereira Pedro Paulo Gomes
Published: October 2024

Abstract The Programa ‘De Braços Abertos’ (PBA) [Open Arms Programme] was planned and implemented by authorities of the city of São Paulo, between 2014 and 2016, and provided for the accommodation of its beneficiaries in hotels. We perceived a lack of specific research on the ways this programme was operated. Through an ethnography and the construction of close relationships with the teams of professionals working in these hotels, we were able to verify: (1) the constant attempts by the programme’s agents to develop bonds with the beneficiaries, (2) the skilful, attentive listening to the demands and daily stories lived by the beneficiaries, and (3) the problem-solving efforts in a consensual and participatory environment. In contrast to life on the streets, along with the professional intervention, the new context provided by PBA hotels has, in many cases, paved the way for changes in the drug users’ relationship with crack consumption to a more controlled pattern.
Una aproximación decolonial a las Zonas de Sacrificio en Chile
Authors: Bolados Paola , Espinoza Luis , Panez Alexander
Published: October 2024

Resumen Proponemos ampliar el debate sobre zonas de sacrificio en América Latina a partir del análisis de la lógica colonial que está detrás de las injusticias ambientales, tomando contribuciones desde la ecología política latinoamericana, la geografía crítica y el pensamiento decolonial. Para ello, analizamos el recorrido de este concepto en el continente y en Chile en particular. Desde una metodología mixta, cruzamos datos geográficos y socioeconómicos con información cualitativa obtenida de más de 40 entrevistas a representantes de actores públicos, privados y de la sociedad civil que participan en la política estatal orientada a la recuperación ambiental social de comunidades gravemente afectadas por la contaminación en Chile. Los resultados muestran: la impugnación al término de zonas de sacrificio desde quienes utilizándolo para fines de denuncia consideran que legitima la degradación socioambiental e invisibiliza la agencia de las comunidades. Finalmente, damos cuenta de cómo la propia política pública se configura en un dispositivo de violencia ambiental desde el estado y las empresas que desconoce las propuestas de las comunidades para pensar su recuperación e impone sus prioridades que perpetúan el destino de estos territorios al sacrificio.
A experiência da reforma da matriz curricular do curso de Direito de uma Universidade Federal: processos participativos e perspectivas
Authors: Silvestre Gilberto Fachetti , Giovedi Valter Martins
Published: October 2024

Resumo Trata-se de pesquisa destinada a analisar e a sistematizar as fases e a operacionalização do procedimento de reforma da matriz curricular do Curso de Direito de uma Universidade Federal da Região Sudeste do Brasil e elaborar uma síntese e um relato do procedimento para orientar outras reformas curriculares. O Curso em questão adotou um procedimento democrático participativo no processo de reforma da matriz curricular. A metodologia foi a qualitativa, do tipo bibliográfica e documental, além de analítica e interpretativa, pois, a partir do relato da experiência vivenciada na primeira fase da reforma, foi elaborada uma orientação propositiva e inspiradora para outros processos.