bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Our Miss Brooks : Broadcasting Domestic Ideals for the Female Teacher in the Postwar United States
Authors: Ryan Patrick A. , Terzian Sevan G.
Published: February 2024

This article examines how a popular CBS radio comedy about a fictional female high school English teacher, Our Miss Brooks , presented conflicting conceptions of femininity and professionalism in the postwar United States. Our analysis of one hundred episodes broadcast during 1948–57 reveals that the depiction of Miss Brooks focused primarily on her personal life, extracurricular activities, and maternal, caregiving role, while it downplayed her autonomy and intellectual competence. Overworked and underpaid, Miss Brooks was ruled by her male principal. In highlighting this female teacher's constant quest to find a husband, and through jokes about her financial instability, this radio program suggested that only marriage, with the implied end of her teaching, would complete her identity and allow upward social and economic mobility. In considering commercial sponsorship as well as commentary in the print media, we conclude that many Americans perceived this fictional character as a realistic depiction of a female teacher, and its gender role messages resonated with most audiences. Our Miss Brooks so privileged women's domestic roles that even within the culturally accepted female career of teaching, it informed audiences that androcentric conceptions of womanhood would still circumscribe women's career identities in the postwar era.
A Fairy Tale Reality?: Elfriede Jelinek's Snow White, Sleeping Beauty , and the Mythologization of Contemporary Society
Authors: Tautz Birgit
Published: February 2024

This article examines a central tenet of Elfriede Jelinek's work, the perpetuation of myth(s) surrounding gender and the mythologization of contemporary society. Specifically, my reading focuses on the "princess myth." Analyzing Jelinek's rewritings of Snow White and Sleeping Beauty , the first two of a cycle of Princess Plays (1998-2003), I demonstrate how the author exploits the fairy tale reservoir of German High Romanticism and how she scrutinizes its popularization. Furthermore, she appropriates poetic techniques of Early Romanticism. As a result, Jelinek's dramas construct Woman as victim and accomplice of male power, while transgressing this image through linguistic deconstruction and play. By probing the possibility of a "disturbance" in the proliferation of gender identity, Jelinek creates spaces for imaginary (dis-)identification. The article concludes with Jelinek's commentary on the death of Diana, Princess of Wales, and thus traces the powerful impact of the princess myth in contemporary Western society. (BT)
Crafting the Household Hierarchy
Authors: Rinne Christine
Published: February 2024

This article considers Abenteuer 1900—Leben im Gutshaus (Adventure 1900—Life in a Manor House), a historical reality television show that aired on German public television in 2004. I argue that editing and directorial intervention construct a struggle that presents the housewife as unreasonable and unappreciative, but the housekeeper as austere yet sympathetic. Their contrived dispute became the topic of many articles in the press, which consequently pronounced the housekeeper the most successful participant, though she took steps to aid this perception. Additionally, Abenteuer 1900 was appealing to viewers in a way that its successor Abenteuer 1927—Sommerfrische (Adventure 1927—Summer Vacation) was not, because its concentrated presentation of a hierarchical struggle spoke to contemporary debates about the nation and its citizens, specifically the need to revise Germany's social and economic policies in order to preserve the welfare state. (CR)
Satirizing the Private as Political: 1968 and Postmillennial Family Narratives
Authors: Smith-Prei Carrie
Published: February 2024

Since the millennium public discourse on the family has repeatedly referenced the social-political legacy of 1968 and feminism. Using this reference as a point of entry, this article provides a genealogical sketch of family-political narratives in the 1960s and the postmillennial period. It turns specifically to the satirical literature representing the private sphere, interrogating how Gisela Elsner’s Der Nachwuchs (The Offspring, 1968), Renate Rasp’s Ein ungeratener Sohn (A Family Failure, 1967), and Sophie Dannenberg’s Das bleiche Herz der Revolution (The Pale Heart of the Revolution, 2004) illuminate the relationship between ideology and critical resistance in public debates. An examination of the continuing correlation between the family, the politicization of the child, gender, and nation exposes the on-going importance of the political private sphere throughout the postwar period. (CSP)
Digital Holography and 3D Imaging: introduction to the joint feature issue in Applied Optics and Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Authors: Blanche Pierre-Alexandre , Cheng Chau-Jern , Ferraro Pietro , Zhang Yaping , Wang Zhehui (Jeph)
Published: February 2024

The Optica Topical Meeting on Digital Holography and 3D Imaging (DH) was held 14–17 August 2023 in Boston, Massachusetts. The meeting was organized co-jointly with the Optica Imaging Congress. Feature issues based on the DH meeting series have been released by Applied Optics (AO) since 2007. Since 2017, AO and the Journal of the Optical Society of America A (JOSA A) have presented a feature issue in each journal. This feature issues includes 17 papers in AO and 9 in JOSA A. Together they cover a large range of topics, reflecting the rapidly expanding techniques and applications of digital holography and 3D imaging. The upcoming DH Conference (DH 2024) will be held from 3 to 6 June in Paestum, Italy.
DUAL-BAND AND SPECTRALLY-SELECTIVE INFRARED ABSORBERS BASED ON HYBRID GOLD-GRAPHENE METASURFACES
Authors: Alijabbari Mahsa , Karimzadeh Rouhollah , Pakniyat Samaneh , Gomez-Diaz Juan Sebastian
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we propose a dual-band and spectrally-selective infrared (IR) absorber based on a hybrid structure comprising a patterned graphene monolayer and cross-shaped gold resonators within a metasurface. Rooted in full-wave numerical simulations, our study shows that the fundamental absorption mode of the gold metasurface hybridizes with the graphene pattern, leading to a second absorptive mode whose properties depend on graphene’s electrical properties and physical geometry. Specifically, the central operation band of the absorber is defined by the gold resonators whereas the relative absorption level and spectral separation between the two modes can be controlled by graphene’s chemical potential and its pattern, respectively. We analyze this platform using coupled-mode theory to understand the coupling mechanism between these modes and to elucidate the emergence and tuning of the dual band response. The proposed dual-band device can operate at different bands across the IR spectrum and may open new possibilities for tailored sensing applications in spectroscopy, thermal imaging, and environmental monitoring.
Unsupervised speckle denoising in digital holographic interferometry based on 4-f optical simulation integrated CycleGAN
Authors: Xia Hai-Ting , Yu HongBo , Qiang Fang , song qinghe , Montresor Silvio , Picart Pascal
Published: February 2024

The speckle noise generated during digital holographic interferometry (DHI) is unavoidable and difficult to eliminate, thus reducing its accuracy. We propose a self-supervised deep learning speckle denoising method using a cycle-consistent generative adversarial network to mitigate the effect of speckle noise. The proposed method integrates a 4-f optical speckle noise simulation module with a parameter generator. In addition, it uses an unpaired dataset for training to overcome the difficulty in obtaining noise-free images and paired data from experiments. The proposed method was tested on both simulated and experimental data, with results showing a 6.9% performance improvement compared with a conventional method and a 2.6% performance improvement compared with unsupervised deep learning in terms of the peak signal-to-noise ratio. Thus, the proposed method exhibits superior denoising performance and potential for DHI, being particularly suitable for processing large datasets.
Neurons in the monkey frontopolar cortex encode learning stage and goal during a fast learning task
Authors: Nougaret Simon , Ferrucci Lorenzo , Ceccarelli Francesco , Sacchetti Stefano , Benozzo Danilo , Fascianelli Valeria , Saunders Richard C. , Renaud Luc , Genovesio Aldo
Published: February 2024

The frontopolar cortex (FPC) is, to date, one of the least understood regions of the prefrontal cortex. The current understanding of its function suggests that it plays a role in the control of exploratory behaviors by coordinating the activities of other prefrontal cortex areas involved in decision-making and exploiting actions based on their outcomes. Based on this hypothesis, FPC would drive fast-learning processes through a valuation of the different alternatives. In our study, we used a modified version of a well-known paradigm, the object-in-place (OIP) task, to test this hypothesis in electrophysiology. This paradigm is designed to maximize learning, enabling monkeys to learn in one trial, which is an ability specifically impaired after a lesion of the FPC. We showed that FPC neurons presented an extremely specific pattern of activity by representing the learning stage, exploration versus exploitation, and the goal of the action. However, our results do not support the hypothesis that neurons in the frontal pole compute an evaluation of different alternatives. Indeed, the position of the chosen target was strongly encoded at its acquisition, but the position of the unchosen target was not. Once learned, this representation was also found at the problem presentation, suggesting a monitoring activity of the synthetic goal preceding its acquisition. Our results highlight important features of FPC neurons in fast-learning processes without confirming their role in the disengagement of cognitive control from the current goals.
Single-cell analysis of isoform switching and transposable element expression during preimplantation embryonic development
Authors: Wang Chaoyang , Shi Zhuoxing , Huang Qingpei , Liu Rong , Su Dan , Chang Lei , Xiao Chuanle , Fan Xiaoying
Published: February 2024

Alternative splicing is an essential regulatory mechanism for development and pathogenesis. Through alternative splicing one gene can encode multiple isoforms and be translated into proteins with different functions. Therefore, this diversity is an important dimension to understand the molecular mechanism governing embryo development. Isoform expression in preimplantation embryos has been extensively investigated, leading to the discovery of new isoforms. However, the dynamics of isoform switching of different types of transcripts throughout the development remains unexplored. Here, using single-cell direct isoform sequencing in over 100 single blastomeres from the mouse oocyte to blastocyst stage, we quantified isoform expression and found that 3-prime partial transcripts lacking stop codons are highly accumulated in oocytes and zygotes. These transcripts are not transcription by-products and might play a role in maternal to zygote transition (MZT) process. Long-read sequencing also enabled us to determine the expression of transposable elements (TEs) at specific loci. In this way, we identified 3,894 TE loci that exhibited dynamic changes along the preimplantation development, likely regulating the expression of adjacent genes. Our work provides novel insights into the transcriptional regulation of early embryo development.
Investment analysis of the private firm under different financial arrangements in infrastructure projects
Authors: Ding Qianxing , Huang Shanshan , Fu Guohua , Wang Bing
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the impact of various financial arrangements on the investment behavior of the private firm in PPP (Public-Private Partnership) projects. The results manifest that: first, the private firm will invest in the project earlier under long-term debt financing than under short-term debt financing or all equity financing; second, the investment boundary of the private sector decreasing with the probability of obtaining long-term debt financing under short-term debt financing, while increasing with the probability of obtaining long-term debt financing under long-term debt financing; third, the optimal debt level under short-term debt financing displays a U-shaped relationship with the refinancing risk probability; fourth, under short-term debt financing, the difference in the optimal capital structure between projects with different volatility of cash flow is larger when the refinancing risk probability is lower; and fifth, the private firm may exit the project earlier under short-term debt financing than under long-term debt financing. These results can help us to understand the investment behavior of the private firm under different financial arrangements.
Development of the terminal air spaces in the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica)– 3D reconstruction by microcomputed tomography
Authors: Ferner Kirsten
Published: February 2024

Marsupials are born with structurally immature lungs when compared to eutherian mammals. The gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) is born at the late canalicular stage of lung development. Despite the high degree of immaturity, the lung is functioning as respiratory organ, however supported by the skin for gas exchange during the first postnatal days. Consequently, the majority of lung development takes place in ventilated functioning state during the postnatal period. Microcomputed tomography (μCT) was used to three-dimensionally reconstruct the terminal air spaces in order to reveal the timeline of lung morphogenesis. In addition, lung and air space volume as well as surface area were determined to assess the functional relevance of the structural changes in the developing lung. The development of the terminal air spaces was examined in 35 animals from embryonic day 13, during the postnatal period (neonate to 57 days) and in adults. At birth, the lung of Monodelphis domestica consists of few large terminal air spaces, which are poorly subdivided and open directly from short lobar bronchioles. During the first postnatal week the number of smaller terminal air spaces increases and numerous septal ridges indicate a process of subdivision, attaining the saccular stage by 7 postnatal days. The 3D reconstructions of the terminal air spaces demonstrated massive increases in air sac number and architectural complexity during the postnatal period. Between 28 and 35 postnatal days alveolarization started. Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and a typical acinus developed. The volume of the air spaces and the surface area for gas exchange increased markedly with alveolarization. The structural transformation from large terminal sacs to the final alveolar lung in the gray short-tailed opossum follows similar patterns as described in other marsupial and placental mammals. The processes involved in sacculation and alveolarization during lung development seem to be highly conservative within mammalian evolution.
Cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine show antiviral activity against Influenza A virus and Respiratory Syncytial virus in vitro
Authors: Rius-Salvador Marina , García-Múrria Maria Jesús , Rusu Luciana , Bañó-Polo Manuel , León Rubén , Geller Ron , Mingarro Ismael , Martinez-Gil Luis
Published: February 2024

Background

The oral cavity is the site of entry and replication for many respiratory viruses. Furthermore, it is the source of droplets and aerosols that facilitate viral transmission. It is thought that appropriate oral hygiene that alters viral infectivity might reduce the spread of respiratory viruses and contribute to infection control.

Materials and methods

Here, we analyzed the antiviral activity of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), chlorhexidine (CHX), and three commercial CPC and CHX-containing mouthwash preparations against the Influenza A virus and the Respiratory syncytial virus. To do so the aforementioned compounds and preparations were incubated with the Influenza A virus or with the Respiratory syncytial virus. Next, we analyzed the viability of the treated viral particles.

Results

Our results indicate that CPC and CHX decrease the infectivity of both the Influenza A virus and the Respiratory Syncytial virus in vitro between 90 and 99.9% depending on the concentration. Likewise, CPC and CHX-containing mouthwash preparations were up to 99.99% effective in decreasing the viral viability of both the Influenza A virus and the Respiratory syncytial virus in vitro.

Conclusion

The use of a mouthwash containing CPC or CHX alone or in combination might represent a cost-effective measure to limit infection and spread of enveloped respiratory viruses infecting the oral cavity, aiding in reducing viral transmission. Our findings may stimulate future clinical studies to evaluate the effects of CPC and CHX in reducing viral respiratory transmissions.
Development of a Python-based electron ionization mass spectrometry amino acid and peptide fragment prediction model
Authors: McBrayer Dominic N. , Signoretti Christina , Pesce Matthew , Flood Brianna M. , Varghese Sneha , Sirdah Fares , Toscano Elena , Bhatti Irtiza , Hossain Shahadat
Published: February 2024

The increased fragmentation caused by harsher ionization methods used during mass spectrometry such as electron ionization can make interpreting the mass spectra of peptides difficult. Therefore, the development of tools to aid in this spectral analysis is important in utilizing these harsher ionization methods to study peptides, as these tools may be more accessible to some researchers. We have compiled fragmentation mechanisms described in the literature, confirmed them experimentally, and used them to create a Python-based fragment prediction model for peptides analyzed under direct exposure probe electron ionization mass spectrometry. This initial model has been tested using single amino acids as well as targeted libraries of short peptides. It was found that the model does well in predicting fragments of peptides composed of amino acids for which the model is well-defined, but several cases where additional mechanistic information needs to be incorporated have been identified.
Gut microbiome diversity and function during hibernation and spring emergence in an aquatic frog
Authors: Lee Ji-Eun , Park Jun-Kyu , Do Yuno
Published: February 2024

The gut microbiota maintains a deeply symbiotic relationship with host physiology, intricately engaging with both internal (endogenous) and external (exogenous) factors. Anurans, especially those in temperate regions, face the dual challenges of significant external influences like hibernation and complex internal variances tied to different life histories. In our research, we sought to determine whether different life stages (juvenile versus adult) of the Japanese wrinkled frog (Glandirana rugosa) lead to distinct shifts in gut bacterial communities during winter (hibernation) and its subsequent transition to spring. As hypothesized, we observed a more pronounced variability in the gut bacterial diversity and abundance in juvenile frogs compared to their adult counterparts. This suggests that the gut environment may be more resilient or stable in adult frogs during their hibernation period. However, this pronounced difference was confined to the winter season; by spring, the diversity and abundance of gut bacteria in both juvenile and adult frogs aligned closely. Specifically, the variance in gut bacterial diversity and composition between winter and spring appears to mirror the frogs’ ecological adaptations. During the hibernation period, a dominance of Proteobacteria suggests an emphasis on supporting intracellular transport and maintaining homeostasis, as opposed to active metabolism in the frogs. Conversely, come spring, an uptick in bacterial diversity coupled with a dominance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes points to an upsurge in metabolic activity post-hibernation, favoring enhanced nutrient assimilation and energy metabolism. Our findings highlight that the relationship between the gut microbiome and its host is dynamic and bidirectional. However, the extent to which changes in gut bacterial diversity and composition contribute to enhancing hibernation physiology in frogs remains an open question, warranting further investigation.
Balancing act: Unraveling the link between muscle strength, proprioception, and stability in unilateral hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Alkhamis Batool Abdulelah , Reddy Ravi Shankar , Alahmari Khalid A. , Alshahrani Mastour Saeed , Koura Ghada Mohammed , Ali Olfat Ibrahim , Mukherjee Debjani , Elrefaey Basant Hamdy
Published: February 2024

The objectives of this study are to compare hip muscle strength, hip joint proprioception, and functional balance between individuals with unilateral hip OA and asymptomatic individuals and to examine the relationships among these variables in the hip OA population. In a prospective cross-sectional study, 122 participants (unilateral Hip OA: n = 56, asymptomatic: n = 56) were assessed at the CAMS/KKU musculoskeletal Physical Therapy laboratory. Ethical standards were upheld throughout the research, with informed consent obtained. Hip muscle strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer, hip joint proprioception with a digital inclinometer, and functional balance using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Hip OA individuals exhibited significantly lower muscle strength and proprioceptive accuracy, and poorer functional balance than controls (p < 0.003). Correlation analyses revealed a positive correlation between muscle strength and BBS scores (r = 0.38 to 0.42) and a negative correlation with TUG test times (r = -0.36 to -0.41). Hip joint reposition sense (JRS) in flexion showed a negative correlation with balance (r = -0.46), while JRS in abduction was positively correlated (r = 0.46). The study highlights the clinical importance of muscle strength and proprioception in functional balance among individuals with unilateral hip OA. The results support the incorporation of muscle strengthening and proprioceptive training in interventions to improve balance and mobility in this population.
Evaluation of the anti-cancer efficacy of lipid nanoparticles containing siRNA against HPV16 E6/E7 combined with cisplatin in a xenograft model of cervical cancer
Authors: Kang Sung Wan , Kang Ok-Ju , Lee Ji-young , Kim Hyejeong , Jung Hunsoon , Kim Hongjoong , Lee Shin-Wha , Kim Yong Man , Choi Eun Kyung
Published: February 2024

Objective

To investigate the anti-cancer efficacy of ENB101-LNP, an ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating siRNA against E6/E7 of HPV 16, in combination therapy with cisplatin in cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Methods

CaSki cells were treated with ENB101-LNP, cisplatin, or combination. Cell viability assessed the cytotoxicity of the treatment. HPV16 E6/E7 gene knockdown was verified with RT-PCR both in vitro and in vivo. HLA class I and PD-L1 were checked by flow cytometry. A xenograft model was made using CaSki cells in BALB/c nude mice. To evaluate anticancer efficacy, mice were grouped. ENB101-LNP was given three times weekly for 3 weeks intravenously, and cisplatin was given once weekly intraperitoneally. Tumor growth was monitored. On day 25, mice were euthanized; tumors were collected, weighed, and imaged. Tumor samples were analyzed through histopathology, immunostaining, and western blot.

Results

ENB101-LNP and cisplatin synergistically inhibit CaSki cell growth. The combination reduces HPV 16 E6/E7 mRNA and boosts p21 mRNA, p53, p21, and HLA class I proteins. In mice, the treatment significantly blocked tumor growth and promoted apoptosis. Tumor inhibition rates were 29.7% (1 mpk ENB101-LNP), 29.6% (3 mpk), 34.0% (cisplatin), 47.0% (1 mpk ENB101-LNP-cisplatin), and 68.8% (3 mpk ENB101-LNP-cisplatin). RT-PCR confirmed up to 80% knockdown of HPV16 E6/E7 in the ENB101-LNP groups. Immunohistochemistry revealed increased p53, p21, and HLA-A expression with ENB101-LNP treatments, alone or combined.

Conclusion

The combination of ENB101-LNP, which inhibits E6/E7 of HPV 16, with cisplatin, demonstrated significant anticancer activity in the xenograft mouse model of cervical cancer.
Nothing to wear: The fashion behind Rebelde, Mexico’s most popular teen telenovela
Authors: Morales Laura V. Jimenez
Published: February 2024

Released in 2004, Rebelde represented a turning point for telenovelas in Mexico, partly due to its subversion of conventions considered intrinsic to the genre. The series achieved this by relying heavily on fashion, not only to challenge traditional gender roles but also to address changing perceptions of class and wealth within the country. Clothing was used to explore identities new to Mexican entertainment media at the time and was central to many of the show’s narratives and to the ways characters related to one another. As such, Rebelde was not only a reflection of a new globalized media landscape that had been arriving to Mexico in the previous decade but was also indicative of the ways in which teenagers all over the world were embracing these changes under the guise of freedom, rebellion and independence.
Distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from animals and humans in Yogyakarta Indonesia
Authors: Fitranda Mulya , Salasia Siti Isrina Oktavia , Sianipar Osman , Sukorini Usi , Aziz Fatkhanuddin , Wasissa Madarina , Lestari Fajar Budi , Khair Riat El , Dahesihdewi Andaru
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been known as a highly pathogenic bacteria in animals and humans, which is still becoming a global health issue. The prevalence of MRSA infection continues to increase worldwide and has become a global concern as a dangerous zoonotic disease. The World Health Organization estimates that by 2050 MRSA will be the leading cause of death. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MRSA in S. aureus isolates of veterinary and human origin in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods: A total of 42 cases of S. aureus infection were examined in this study, consisting of nine isolates from cattle, five from goat, and 28 from human. All isolates were confirmed as S. aureus based on bacterial culture and detection of 23S rRNA and thermonuclease nuc gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: Among 42 isolates, 35 isolates (83.3%) were identified as MRSA by PCR positive of mecA gene encoding methicillin resistance. Most MRSA strains were found in human isolates (100%), followed by cattle isolates (55.5%) and goats (40%). All MRSA strains were also multi-resistant to penicillin (blaZ gene) and tetracycline (tetK, and tetM genes) with a prevalence of about 98%.

Conclusion: MRSA prevalence in humans and animals has increased significantly in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, compared to the previous study. The antimicrobial resistance pattern of MRSA animal isolates tends to be similar to humans and, thus, raises public health concerns about MRSA zoonotic spread.

Keywords: animal, antimicrobial resistance, human, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus.
Agama, Pengetahuan dan Transformasi: Meneguhkan Fungsi dan Eksistensi Madrasah Melalui Peran Guru Agama
Authors: 'Aziz Hafidh
Published: February 2024

Guru memiliki peran penting dalam pendidikan, baik dalam lembaga formal maupun non-formal. Interaksi guru dengan peserta didik memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan dan mempertahankan eksistensi lembaga. Kriteria ideal seorang guru memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap tujuan pendidikan yang lestari, sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang No 14 tahun 2005 tentang Guru dan Dosen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan data manusia dan non-manusia. Subyek penelitian adalah Guru Agama di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Islam Joresan Ponorogo. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa guru sebagai agen pembelajaran memiliki peran signifikan dalam mencapai tujuan pendidikan di lembaga pendidikan. Guru agama di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Islam memiliki tanggung jawab dan pengetahuan khusus, serta berperan penting dalam mempertahankan eksistensi madrasah sebagai lembaga tafaqquh fi ad-dīn. Guru perlu menjalankan tugas dengan komitmen, kepribadian yang baik, jiwa sosial yang tinggi, dan semangat profesionalisme. Keberhasilan guru dalam tugasnya berimplikasi pada kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap Madrasah Aliyah Al-Islam, yang menjaga eksistensinya. Guru agama melaksanakan fungsi-fungsi seperti Ustadz, mu’allim, murabbiy, mursyid, mudarris, dan mu’addib dalam mempertahankan fungsi lembaga sebagai lembaga tafaqquh fi al-diin.
Islamic Education in the Modern Era: Analysis of Student Character and Their Role in Facing the Challenges of Industry 4.0
Authors: Muzawir Munawarsyah
Published: February 2024

This study explores the role of Islamic education in shaping student character in the context of the modern era, particularly amidst the challenges of Industry 4.0. Utilizing a qualitative methodology with a literature review approach, this research delves into historical perspectives on character, Islamic viewpoints on human nature, and contemporary learner characteristics, especially among Generation Z. Character in Islamic education is conceptualized as an amalgamation of innate traits and environmental influences, as reflected in Islamic teachings and the tripod theory of education. The study uncovers four primary streams of character formation - Fatalistic-Passive, Neutral-Passive, Positive-Active, and Dualistic-Active, aligning with Islamic teachings on children's innate purity and environmental impact. The analysis reveals that the rapid technological advancements characteristic of Industry 4.0 pose significant challenges to student character, leading to moral and ethical dilemmas. Islamic education emerges as a crucial tool for instilling values such as sincerity and respect for teachers while internalizing Islamic values within familial settings. The study emphasizes the need for an integrated educational approach that balances academic pursuits with character development, adapting Islamic education to modern challenges while retaining its core values. It contributes to the discourse on education, highlighting the role of religious teachings in contemporary educational practices. Recognizing its limitations, the study suggests further research into the application and long-term impact of character education across diverse educational settings.
Exploring the Concept of Nafs in Islamic Counseling: A Comprehensive Analysis of Philosophical Foundations and Implications for Education
Authors: Apriyanti  , Fadila  , Syamsul Rizal  , Rosyada Moh. Faza
Published: February 2024

This study comprehensively analyzes the concept of Nafs (self or soul) within Islamic counseling, bridging Islamic teachings with psychological principles. Utilizing a literature review methodology, it systematically collates and examines scholarly sources to explore the philosophical underpinnings and practical applications of Nafs in Islamic educational psychology. The research identifies three interpretations of Nafs: the entirety of an individual, the soul, and a container for ideas and desires. These interpretations are contextualized within the frameworks of guidance and counseling, examining their roles in shaping human behavior, intrinsic motivation, and subconscious influences. The study reveals the importance of Nafs in fostering holistic development in Islamic education, emphasizing moral, spiritual, and psychological dimensions. While acknowledging the existing literature's diverse scholarly perspectives and limitations, this research underlines the need for further empirical studies on Nafs’ practical applications in various educational settings. It concludes that an integrated approach to Islamic counseling, encompassing academic, moral, and spiritual aspects, is vital for nurturing a morally and spiritually intelligent generation, aligning with Islamic values.
Exploring Islamic Character Values in Nussa The Movie: Relevance and Implementation in Islamic Education
Authors: M. Ferry Irawan  , Nikentari Rizky  , Alia Latifah
Published: February 2024

This research delves into depicting Islamic character values in 'Nussa The Movie,' examining its relevance and application in Islamic education. Employing a qualitative methodology with descriptive content analysis, the study scrutinizes the movie's narrative, dialogues, and visual elements. Seven key Islamic character values identified include good role modeling, wisdom, generosity, patience, honesty, justice, and sincerity. The findings suggest that 'Nussa The Movie' transcends mere entertainment, emerging as a potent tool for imparting Islamic character education to children. These values are intricately interwoven with the movie’s narrative, offering viewers examples of character traits aligned with Islamic teachings. Despite its educational potential, the study acknowledges limitations and encourages further research on long-term impacts and cultural variations in character education through animated media. This research emphasizes the importance of this film as a resource for educators and parents in instilling Islamic values, thus contributing to a broader discussion on the integration of entertainment and education in character development.
Integrating Pancasila in Character Education: A Qualitative Analysis of Ethical Values for Nation-Building
Authors: Farwati Sizka , Iskhak Muhamad , Nunu Mahnun
Published: February 2024

This research delves into the critical role of Pancasila, the philosophical foundation of Indonesia, in shaping character education within the nation. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive methodology, predominantly through extensive literature reviews, the study investigates how Pancasila's core ethical values significantly influence character development. Emphasizing the integration of Pancasila's principles—Belief in the Divine, Just, and Civilized Humanity, Unity of Indonesia, Democracy led by the Wisdom of Deliberations among Representatives, and Social Justice for all Indonesians—this research underscores their essentiality in instilling moral and ethical consciousness in Indonesia's diverse populace. Key findings reveal the effectiveness of the threefold strategy of "star yourself, start small, starting from now" in embedding these values into character education. Despite modern challenges, the study highlights the transformative potential of Pancasila in fostering morally and ethically conscious citizens. The implications for educators and policymakers are profound, advocating for comprehensive and integrated character education strategies. This research contributes to the broader understanding of character education's pivotal role in promoting ethical development and fortifying Indonesia's unique cultural and philosophical identity.
Aplicaciones del metaverso en medicina y atención sanitaria
Authors: Hulsen Tim
Published: February 2024

El metaverso es un mundo virtual, aún en proceso de desarrollo, que permite a las personas interactuar entre ellas, así como con objetos digitales de una forma más inmersiva. Esta innovadora herramienta aúna las tres principales tendencias tecnológicas: la telepresencia, el gemelo digital y la cadena de bloques. La telepresencia permite a las personas “reunirse” de manera virtual, aunque se encuentren en distintos lugares. El gemelo digital es el equivalente virtual y digital de un paciente, dispositivo médico o incluso de un hospital. Por último, la cadena de bloques puede ser utilizada por los pacientes para almacenar sus informes médicos personales de forma segura. En medicina, el metaverso podría tener distintas aplicaciones: (1) consultas médicas virtuales; (2) educación y formación médica; (3) educación del paciente; (4) investigación médica; (5) desarrollo de medicamentos; (6) terapia y apoyo; (7) medicina de laboratorio. El metaverso permitiría una atención sanitaria más personalizada, eficiente y accesible, mejorando así los resultados clínicos y reduciendo los costes de atención médica. No obstante, la implementación del metaverso en medicina y atención sanitaria requerirá una cuidadosa evaluación de los aspectos éticos y de privacidad, así como técnicos, sociales y jurídicos. En términos generales, el futuro del metaverso en el campo de la medicina parece prometedor, aunque es necesario desarrollar nuevas leyes que regulen específicamente el metaverso, con el fin de superar sus posibles inconvenientes.
Monotonicity of solutions for parabolic equations involving nonlocal Monge-Ampère operator
Authors: Du Guangwei , Wang Xinjing
Published: February 2024

In this article, we consider the parabolic equations with nonlocal Monge-Ampère operators

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)

)

,

(

x
,
t

)

∈

R

+

n

×
R
.

\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}\left(x,t)-{D}_{s}^{\theta }u\left(x,t)=f\left(u\left(x,t)),\hspace{1.0em}\left(x,t)\in {{\mathbb{R}}}_{+}^{n}\times {\mathbb{R}}.

We first prove the narrow region principle and maximal principle for antisymmetric functions, under the condition that

u

u

is uniformly bounded, which weaken the general decay condition

u
→
0

u\to 0

at infinity. Then, the monotonicity of positive solutions is established using the method of moving planes.
Causative constructions in process: How do they come into existence in learner writing?
Authors: Gilquin Gaëtanelle
Published: February 2024

This article examines the processes through which English causative constructions with MAKE are produced by French-speaking learners. It relies on data from the Process Corpus of English in Education (PROCEED), in which every text is accompanied by a keylog file and a screencast video. These data make it possible to observe the process paths of constructions as they unfold, from their appearance in the text to their evolution (and possible disappearance) through revision. The analysis shows that almost 20% of the causative constructions do not make it to the final version of the text, either because the idea of causation disappears altogether or because it is expressed in a different way. Among the causative constructions that are kept in the finished text, most still undergo some changes, which range from the simple correction of a typo to the transformation of the complement type (e.g. a verbal complement becoming an adjectival complement). Some of these changes are the result of dictionary consultation, also visible in the process data. In addition, the keylog files reveal the presence of pauses during writing, whose investigation can improve our understanding of the mental processing of causative constructions. It thus turns out that in almost 40% of the cases, the causative constructions are immediately preceded and followed by a pause, which could indicate that they are stored holistically in learners’ minds. Besides providing insights into the processes through which causative constructions come into existence in learner writing, this study also illustrates how writing process data can bring us closer to what the reality of writing looks like for language learners.
Impact of fully rotating steel casing bored pile on adjacent tunnels
Authors: Zhang Jingran , Geng Dajiang , Zhao Xiaoxia , Bai Zhicheng , Long Mingjian
Published: February 2024

Based on the theoretical model of a soil plug column, the stress analysis of the soil plug column during the spinning process of steel casing is carried out, and the critical depth of the soil column is determined using the stress and torsional shear ratio of the soil column. The effect of factors such as casing wall thickness, surface load, and steel casing spinning speed on the critical depth of soil columns has been explored, and more reasonable construction process parameters have been obtained quantitatively. Combined with the construction of small net distance test piles at a distance of 2.5 m from the tunnel, the impact of the construction process on the existing shield tunnel has been explored. The results indicate that during the construction process, when the wall thickness of the steel casing does not exceed 0.012 m, the surface load does not exceed 15 kPa, the spinning speed of the steel casing is maintained at 5/4/2/4 m/h or 5/3/2/3 m/h (corresponding to soil depths of 2.5/9.5/6/14 m), and the soil height of the soil column is controlled within 11 m, it is not easy to generate soil plug inside the steel casing, and the soil column has strong torsional shear resistance. According to the measured data of adjacent tunnels, it has been found that the construction method of fully rotating steel casing bored pile can effectively reduce the impact on adjacent shield tunnels, and has a good microdisturbance effect, which can control tunnel deformation not exceeding 1 mm and maintain within the warning value range.
On the GPS signal multipath at ASG-EUPOS stations
Authors: Tomaszewski Dariusz , Pelc-Mieczkowska Renata , Rapiński Jacek
Published: February 2024

The accuracy of the results of satellite measurements is influenced by many factors. One of them is the multipath phenomenon resulting from reflections of the satellite signal, mainly from objects in the vicinity of the GNSS antenna. The multipath remains a domain source of ranging errors in satellite positioning. Despite the groups of multipath mitigation methods, it is impossible to totally eliminate the influence of this error on the measurement results. This error has two main effects in the case of carrier phase differential positioning. First, the multipath increases the initial search space for correct ambiguities. Secondly, the accuracy of the vector solution between the reference station and the rover receiver is affected. The authors of this article analyzed the presence of multipath in the Polish network of permanent GNSS stations ASG-EUPOS. Data from the year 2021 were used for the analysis. Two computational strategies were adopted to determine the multipath. The pseudorange multipath observable combination (MP) for L1, L2 and L5 signals was used for code measurements. In the case of the carrier phase, multipath analyses of double-differenced L1, L2, and L5 carriers between neighbouring stations were performed. Based on the research, the average multipath level for the Polish GNSS reference stations network was determined. Stations where the levels of particular combinations exceed the assumed values were successively determined. Finally, multipath models in the form of sidereal maps were created. Based on these models, six stations were identified and recommended for further analysis concerning the impact of multipath on GNSS measurements.
Apagamento editorial e manipulação epistemológica: um fetiche do capital mineral sobre o livro Noir Canada
Authors: Deneault Alain , RIBEIRO Ana Maria Motta , DIAS T. H.
Published: February 2024

Considering that Sociology is the science of the social, whose object is diverse, alive, historical and in permanent movement, and that conflicts constitute a privileged locus for analyzing the social, since it is in them that contradictions appear most explicitly, this article discusses the legitimacy of a process of editorial erasure by withdrawing from circulation a book published and produced as a result of scientific research in Critical Theory. The book focuses on conflicts in African countries expropriated by Canadian mining projects. The analysis is based on the case of the 2008 book Noir Canada, translated into Spanish as Negro Canada in 2012, whose authors and publisher were sued by two large Canadian mining companies, which used epistemological manipulation of the social sciences as one of their strategies to disqualify the book and criminalize its authors through judicial and extrajudicial proceedings in Canada.
O direito dos povos indígenas à terra e justiça socioambiental
Authors: BARBOSA J. M. , PREVE D. R.
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study is to argue about the importance of indigenous peoples' right to land as a means of preserving the environment and achieving socio-environmental justice. The problem is to answer whether it is possible to protect indigenous peoples' right to land and in what way; and whether it is a means of realizing socio-environmental justice in the context of environmental preservation. As a hypothesis, it is understood that the guarantee of indigenous land is a means of environmental preservation, since the traditions and cultures of the original peoples help to protect the environment, balance the climate and control deforestation and atmospheric and soil pollution. It therefore becomes a means of realizing socio-environmental justice. The specific objectives of this work are to study the concepts of indigenous lands and socio-environmental justice and Brazilian indigenous legislation; to analyze the intercultural relationship between indigenous culture and the environment; and finally, to demonstrate how the plural, biocentric and ecological culture of indigenous peoples contributes to the preservation of the environment. Using a deductive method, a qualitative bibliographical review and an indirect research technique, with legislative and bibliographical analysis, it is concluded that the relationship between indigenous peoples and the environment and the right to land is an example of the intersection between environmental, social and cultural issues, since respecting and protecting these rights not only contributes to the preservation of biodiversity and ecosystems, but also to the maintenance of cultural and global diversity.
ATUAÇÃO DAS PROFESSORAS EM RELAÇÃO AO PROJETO DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL EM ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Pinto Bilhalva Haubman Luana , Buchweitz Fick Rubiane , Clara Marins Mendes Ana , Diani da Rosa Leal Zilda , Fonseca de Souza Karine , David Fuentes Guevara Miguel , Souza Castro Andrea , Valeria Leonini Crivellaro Carla , Medianeira Bolzan Larissa , Bilhalva Corrêa Luciara
Published: February 2024

O Projeto Adote uma Escola (AUE) é uma política pública do município de Pelotas-RS para a extensão da coleta seletiva de resíduos, tendo as escolas como parceiras para ponto de entrega dos materiais recicláveis. A principal missão do AUE é potencializar a Educação Ambiental (EA) e a cidadania na escola e a construção de multiplicadores ambientais. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender junto às professoras o desenvolvimento do Projeto AUE no âmbito das escolas públicas de educação infantil de Pelotas/RS. Pesquisa qualitativa, com 30 professoras. Os resultados demonstraram que as reuniões pedagógicas e a direção são as formas nas quais obtiveram o conhecimento sobre o Projeto; o AUE não consta de forma permanente nos planejamentos das aulas; o desafio do Projeto AUE é a realização de práticas de EA. Conclui-se que o Projeto AUE faz parte da atuação de grande parte das professoras, demonstrando a necessidade de melhorias para a sua permanência.