bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermoelastic Theories on the Refracted Waves in Microstretch Thermoelastic Diffusion Media
Authors: Singh S. S. , Debnath Sanjay , Othman Mohamed I. A.
Published: February 2022

This work investigates the outcomes of three thermoelastic theories on the reflection/refraction of elastic waves due to incident, coupled longitudinal and coupled shear waves from a plane interface between two microstretch thermoelastic diffusion solid half-spaces. The propagation of seven basic waves consisting of five longitudinal and two shear waves has been explored using the boundary conditions. The amplitude and energy ratios of the reflected and refracted waves are obtained analytically and numerically for the incident coupled longitudinal and coupled shear waves. We have seen that the longitudinal wave corresponding to micropolar does not reflect and refract from the interface. The variations of these ratios with respect to the angle of incidence based on GL theory, LS theory and CT theory are depicted for a particular specimen. The amplitude and energy ratios of the reflected and refracted coupled longitudinal waves for the incident, coupled longitudinal waves decrease with the increase of the angle of incidence. Some special cases have been deduced from the present formulation.
The generalized path matrix and energy
Authors: Lu Pengli , Luan Rui
Published: February 2022

We define the path Laplacian matrix and the path signless Laplacian matrix of a simple connected graph G as [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, where [Formula: see text] is the path matrix and [Formula: see text] is the diagonal matrix of the vertex transmissions. The generalized path matrix is [Formula: see text], for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the eigenvalues of [Formula: see text]. The generalized path energy can be expressed as [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the path Wiener index of G. We give basic properties of generalized path matrix [Formula: see text]. Also, some upper and lower bounds of the generalized path energy of some graphs are studied.
FPGA-based edge computing: Task modeling for cloud-edge collaboration
Authors: Xiao Chuan , Zhao Chun
Published: February 2022

With the development of the Internet of Things and devices continuing to scale, using cloud computing resources to process data in real-time is challenging. Edge computing technologies can improve real-time performance in processing data. By introducing the FPGA into the computing node and using the dynamic reconfigurability of the FPGA, the FPGA-based edge node can increase the edge node capability. In this paper, a task-based collaborative method for an FPGA-based edge computing system is proposed in order to meet the collaboration among FPGA-based edge nodes, edge nodes, and the cloud. The modeling of the task includes two parts, task information and task-dependent file. Task information is used to describe the running information and dependency information required for the task execution. Task-dependent file contains the configuration bit-stream of FPGA in running of the task. By analyzing the task behavior, this paper builds four basic behaviors, analyzes the critical attributes of each behavior, and summarizes the task model suitable for FPGA-based edge nodes. Tasks with specific functions can be created by modifying different attributes of model nodes. Finally, the availability of the model and the task-based collaborative method are verified by simulation experiments. The experimental results that the task model proposed in this paper can meet cloud-edge collaboration in the FPGA-based edge computing environment.
RapidLayout: Fast Hard Block Placement of FPGA-optimized Systolic Arrays Using Evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Niansong , Chen Xiang , Kapre Nachiket
Published: February 2022

Evolutionary algorithms can outperform conventional placement algorithms such as simulated annealing, analytical placement, and manual placement on runtime, wirelength, pipelining cost, and clock frequency when mapping hard block intensive designs such as systolic arrays on Xilinx UltraScale+ FPGAs. For certain hard-block intensive designs, the commercial-grade Xilinx Vivado CAD tool cannot provide legal routing solutions without tedious manual placement constraints. Instead, we formulate hard block placement as a multi-objective optimization problem that targets wirelength squared and bounding box size. We build an end-to-end placement-and-routing flow called RapidLayout using the Xilinx RapidWright framework. RapidLayout runs 5–6

\( \times \)

faster than Vivado with manual constraints and eliminates the weeks-long effort to manually generate placement constraints.

RapidLayout enables transfer learning from similar devices and bootstrapping from much smaller devices. Transfer learning in the UltraScale+ family achieves 11–14

\( \times \)

shorter runtime and bootstrapping from a 97% smaller device delivers 2.1–3.2

\( \times \)

faster optimizations.

RapidLayout outperforms (1) a tuned simulated annealer by 2.7–30.8

\( \times \)

in runtime while achieving similar quality of results, (2) VPR by 1.5

\( \times \)

in runtime, 1.9–2.4

\( \times \)

in wirelength, and 3–4

\( \times \)

in bounding box size, while also (3) beating the analytical placer UTPlaceF by 9.3

\( \times \)

in runtime, 1.8–2.2

\( \times \)

in wirelength, and 2–2.7

\( \times \)

in bounding box size.
HopliteML: Evolving Application Customized FPGA NoCs with Adaptable Routers and Regulators
Authors: Malik Gurshaant , Lang Ian Elmore , Pellizzoni Rodolfo , Kapre Nachiket
Published: February 2022

We can overcome the pessimism in worst-case routing latency analysis of timing-predictable Network-on-Chip (NoC) workloads by single-digit factors through the use of a hybrid field-programmable gate array (FPGA)–optimized NoC and workload-adapted regulation. Timing-predictable FPGA-optimized NoCs such as HopliteBuf integrate stall-free FIFOs that are sized using offline static analysis of a user-supplied flow pattern and rates. For certain bursty traffic and flow configurations, static analysis delivers very large, sometimes infeasible, FIFO size bounds and large worst-case latency bounds. Alternatively, backpressure-based NoCs such as HopliteBP can operate with lower latencies for certain bursty flows. However, they suffer from severe pessimism in the analysis due to the effect of pipelining of packets and interleaving of flows at switch ports. As we show in this article, a hybrid FPGA NoC that seamlessly composes both design styles on a per-switch basis delivers the best of both worlds, with improved feasibility (bounded operation) and tighter latency bounds. We select the NoC switch configuration through a novel evolutionary algorithm based on Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). For synthetic (
RANDOM
,
LOCAL
) and real-world (
SpMV
,
Graph
) workloads, we demonstrate ≈2–3× improvements in feasibility and ≈1–6.8× in worst-case latency while requiring an LUT cost only ≈1–1.5× larger than the cheapest HopliteBuf solution. We also deploy and verify our NoC (PL) and MLE framework (PS) on a Pynq-Z1 to adapt and reconfigure NoC switches dynamically. We can further improve a workload’s routability by learning to surgically tune regulation rates for each traffic trace to maximize available routing bandwidth. We capture critical dependency between traces by modelling the regulation space as a multivariate Gaussian distribution and learn the distribution’s parameters using Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES). We also propose
nested
learning, which learns switch configurations and regulation rates in tandem. Compared with stand-alone switch learning, this symbiotic nested learning helps achieve ≈ 1.5× lower cost constrained latency, ≈ 3.1× faster individual rates, and ≈ 1.4× faster mean rates. We also evaluate improvements to vanilla NoCs’ routing using only stand-alone rate learning (no switch learning), with ≈ 1.6× lower latency across synthetic and real-world benchmarks.
User Behavior Simulation for Search Result Re-ranking
Authors: Zhang Junqi , Liu Yiqun , Mao Jiaxin , Ma Weizhi , Xu Jiazheng , Ma Shaoping , Tian Qi
Published: February 2022

Result ranking is one of the major concerns for Web search technologies. Most existing methodologies rank search results in descending order of relevance. To model the interactions among search results, reinforcement learning (RL algorithms have been widely adopted for ranking tasks. However, the online training of RL methods is time and resource consuming at scale. As an alternative, learning ranking policies in the simulation environment is much more feasible and efficient. In this article, we propose two different simulation environments for the offline training of the RL ranking agent: the Context-aware Click Simulator (CCS) and the Fine-grained User Behavior Simulator with GAN (UserGAN). Based on the simulation environment, we also design a User Behavior Simulation for Reinforcement Learning (UBS4RL) re-ranking framework, which consists of three modules: a feature extractor for heterogeneous search results, a user simulator for collecting simulated user feedback, and a ranking agent for generation of optimized result lists. Extensive experiments on both simulated and practical Web search datasets show that (1) the proposed user simulators can capture and simulate fine-grained user behavior patterns by training on large-scale search logs, (2) the temporal information of user searching process is a strong signal for ranking evaluation, and (3) learning ranking policies from the simulation environment can effectively improve the search ranking performance.
Electrochemical Dissolution of WC-Co Micro-Tool in Micro-WECM Using an Eco-Friendly Citric Acid Mixed NaNO3 Electrolyte
Authors: Sethi Abhijeet , Acharya Biswesh Ranjan , Saha Partha
Published: February 2022

The present study analyzes the efficient electrochemical dissolution of tungsten carbide–cobalt alloy (WC-Co) micro-tools for micromachining operations with an eco-friendly electrolyte. One of the essential factors in efficient anodic dissolution is the selection of appropriate electrolytes. Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is extensively used in the electrochemical process to dissolve WC-Co due to its higher dissolution rate and efficiency. But toxicity of H2SO4, even at moderate concentration, poses a significant threat to the operator and the environment. Hence in this investigation, an eco-friendly electrolyte has been proposed which is a combination of sodium nitrate (NaNO3) and a complexing agent citric acid (C6H8O7), that not only gives a higher dissolution rate of WC-Co but also gives similar dissolution efficiency that of H2SO4. A detailed experimentation to optimize the concentration of complexing agent in the eco- friendly electrolyte was carried out through micro wire-electrochemical machining (micro-WECM) and was analyzed using yield parameters, topographical and material surface analysis as well as electrochemical analysis. This eco-friendly electrolyte produces higher dissolution rate and better surface finish in different levels of parameters in comparison to H2SO4. Potentiodynamic polarization test through linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) showed maximum current density for WC-Co alloy in the proposed eco-friendly electrolyte.
Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer of Coenzyme Q in Unbuffered Solution by Pore Confined In Situ Liquid ToF-SIMS
Authors: Hua Xin , Xia Hai-Lun , Ying Yi-Lun , Long Yi-Tao
Published: February 2022

Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process of coenzyme Q in buffered solutions, which is a well-defined overall 2 e−, 2 H+ process, has been systematically studied, while that in unbuffered aqueous solutions is still too complicated to be fully understood, primarily due to the uncontrolled local proton concentration at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Herein, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) coupled with a microfluidic electrochemical reactor, namely pore confined in situ liquid ToF-SIMS analysis, was adopted to monitor the PCET process of coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0) at the electrode-electrolyte interface in unbuffered aqueous solution. Evolutions of CoQ0 and related intermediates during the electrochemical reaction were measured in real-time, which provided direct molecular evidences for the PCET process. The direct observation of CoQ0H2 and hydrated CoQ0 dianion implied that the reduction of CoQ0 in unbuffered electrolyte was not a simple overall 2 e−, 2 H+ procedure. Moreover, the identification of the CoQ0H2 dimer and the quinone-hydroquinone complex demonstrated the further transformation of CoQ0 and CoQ0H2 by hydrogen bonding interaction or π-interaction. These results provided a full picture of the mechanism for the PCET process of CoQ0 in unbuffered aqueous solution, which could contribute to the comprehensive understanding of the electrochemical reactions of coenzyme Q.
CBCT Evaluation and Conservative Management of a Large Periapical Lesion Associated with Dens Invaginatus Type II
Authors: Azzahim Laïla , Bassim Nisrin , Abdallaoui Faïza
Published: February 2022

This case report illustrated the conservative management of an invaginated type II tooth with a large periapical lesion. This dental malformation is characterized by the complexity of root canal anatomy, which when associated with a periapical lesion complicates the performance of conventional endodontic treatment, hence resulting to the difficulty of obtaining the optimal disinfection of the root canal system, which is an essential element for the success of any endodontic treatment. In the present case report, clinical and radiographic examinations were supplemented by CBCT examination to identify the root canal configuration and the extension of the periapical lesion. Conservative orthograde endodontic treatment was performed by combining mechanical and chemical action. Additionally, active nonsurgical decompression was performed and the follow-up visits revealed a favorable outcome.
Convergence of Mann and Ishikawa Iterative Processes for Some Contractions in Convex Generalized Metric Space
Authors: El Kouch Youness , Mouline Jamal
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we consider a JS metric space endowed with convexity structure, which will allow us to examine and study convergence of Mann iteration and Ishikawa iteration for Banach type and Chatterjea type contractions defined on JS metric space.
Asiatic Acid Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting the ROS-Mediated Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis Pathway
Authors: Yi Chenlong , Song Meijuan , Sun Lifu , Si Linjie , Yu Dongmin , Li Ben , Lu Peng , Wang Wei , Wang Xiaowei
Published: February 2022

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a major cause of heart failure in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Mitochondrial dysfunction is the crucial factor of MIRI; oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) aggravates myocardial cell damage through the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. Asiatic acid (AA) is a type of pentacyclic triterpene compound purified from the traditional Chinese medicine Centella asiatica, and its protective pharmacological activities have been reported in various disease models. This study is aimed at investigating the protective effects of AA and the underlying mechanisms in MIRI. To achieve this goal, an animal model of MIRI in vivo and a cell model of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in vitro were established. The results show that AA exerts a protective effect on MIRI by improving cardiac function and reducing cardiomyocyte damage. Due to its antioxidant properties, AA alleviates mitochondrial oxidative stress, as evidenced by the stable mitochondrial structure, maintained mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reduced ROS generation, otherwise due to its antiapoptotic properties. AA inhibits the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway, as evidenced by the limited phosphorylation of p38-MAPK and JNK-MAPK, balanced proportion of Bcl-2/Bax, reduced cytochrome c release, inhibition of caspase cascade, and reduced apoptosis. In conclusion, our study confirms that AA exerts cardiac-protective effects by regulating ROS-induced oxidative stress via the MAPK/mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway; the results provide new evidence that AA may represent a potential treatment for CHD patients.
An Effective Task Offloading Method for Separable Complex Mobile Terminal Tasks
Authors: Liu Zemin , Zhou Na , Wang Yan , Zhou Jian-Tao , Zhang Haotian , Xu Gang
Published: February 2022

Due to limited energy and computing power of IoT devices, they cannot handle complex tasks. Edge computing technology effectively solves the requirements of computing power and response delay for complex tasks in devices by migrating computing power to the vicinity of IoT devices. For a separable complex task on IoT terminal, we focus on the effects of data distribution, dependencies, and offloading sequence of subtasks on its total delay when it is offloaded to edge servers. Through comprehensively considering these factors, we study the slicing and choreographing method during the offloading process of a complex task. Firstly, a task slicing method based on hierarchical clustering is presented and an improved hierarchical clustering algorithm is used to obtain the optimal solution of task partitioning. Secondly, a task choreographing method based on overlapping the longest path is presented. Finally, through the simulation experiments of complex tasks with different structures and loads, the effectiveness of our method is verified.
Measuring Engagement to Academic Tasks: Design and Validation of the Comp-TA Questionnaire
Authors: Yévenes-Márquez Justine Natalie , Badilla-Quintana María Graciela , Sandoval-Henríquez Francisco Javier
Published: February 2022

This study analyzes the psychometric properties of the engagement to academic tasks (Comp-TA) questionnaire. Rigorous criteria were considered in its design and validation, such as theoretical review, expert judgment, pilot test, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The instrument was administered face-to-face and in remote modality to a convenience sample of 563 high-school students from schools in Concepción, Chile. The analyses showed a latent structure with a good fit to the data, consisting of 15 items that underlie the factors of academic engagement: behavioral, cognitive, and affective. The reliability analysis yielded an internal consistency of .92 according to the ordinal alpha. Guidelines for its use to deepen the educational process of high-school students are argued.
Qualitative Behavior of Solutions of Tenth-Order Recursive Sequence Equation
Authors: Elsayed E. M. , Alofi B. S. , Khan Abdul Qadeer
Published: February 2022

Most nonlinear difference equations have exact solutions that are not always possible to obtain theoretically. As a result, a large number of researchers investigate several qualitative aspects of difference equations in order to predict their lengthy behavior. The goal of our research is to obtain the solutions of a tenth-order difference equation

U

n
+
1

=

U

n
−
9

U

n
−
5

U

n
−
1

/

U

n
−
7

U

n
−
3

±
1
±

U

n
−
9

U

n
−
5

U

n
−
1

,
 
n
≥
0

, where the initial values are positive real numbers. Stability and periodicity are also investigated.
The Use of Gigantochloa Bamboo-Derived Biochar for the Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Suhaimi Nabilah , Kooh Muhammad Raziq Rahimi , Lim Chee Ming , Chou Chao Chung-Ting , Chou Chau Yuan-Fong , Mahadi Abdul Hanif , Chiang Hai-Pang , Haji Hassan Nurul Hazimah , Thotagamuge Roshan
Published: February 2022

In this study, locally grown bamboo ( Gigantochloa spp.) was used as feedstock for pyrolysis production of biochar under various pyrolysis temperatures (400–800°C). The resultant biochars were tested for their performance in adsorptive removal of the methylene blue (MB) dye. The scope of the adsorption experiment includes the effects of adsorbent dosage, solution pH, initial adsorbate concentration, and contact time. The adsorption data confirmed that pyrolysis temperature has a significant effect on adsorptive performance, whereas biochar pyrolysed at 500°C (BC500) has the highest adsorptive performance with the maximum adsorption capacity (derived from the Langmuir model) being 86.6 mg g-1. Basic characterisations (SEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, and BET) were carried out for BC500 where FTIR and SEM confirmed the adsorption of MB onto the biochar, while the BET data showed the reduction of the BET surface area, total pore volume, and pore diameter after the adsorption process.
5G Virtual Reality in the Design and Dissemination of Contemporary Urban Image System under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Dong Haoming , Liang Xiaodan , Liu Yalong , Wang Dan
Published: February 2022

As an important part of the soft power of urban culture, the importance of city image has received widespread attention from academic circles and society. The study of city image communication has become one of the important research directions in the field of communication in recent years. This research mainly discusses the application of 5G virtual reality in the design and dissemination of a contemporary urban image system under the background of big data. This research designs and develops a city image system that models and simulates virtual cities in a three-dimensional scene. The system consists of several different modules, including a data acquisition module, scene construction, and roaming module. The most important data resource formats used by this system are the DXF format and 3DS format, which can be created and acquired using digital stereo images in the data acquisition module. The data import and export module can convert the models in DXF format and 3DS format into Openfligt format models. The model editing and reconstruction module can visually edit and reconstruct the converted model, so that the space and attribute information of the recreated model is stored in the data storage and management system. Finally, a scene roaming module is created, and models are selected from the database to create a 3D city scene and provide interactive roaming information extraction. After the implementation of virtual reality technology, the per capita awareness of urban humanities reached 63.2%. The test results show that because the system integrates the respective advantages of the geographic information system, virtual reality, and database technology, it can better realize the modeling and simulation of digital cities under the conditions of three-dimensional visualization, which is conducive to the spread of urban image.
Development of Active CO2 Emission Control for Diesel Engine Exhaust Using Amine-Based Adsorption and Absorption Technique
Authors: Muthiya Solomon Jenoris , Natrayan L. , Yuvaraj L. , Subramaniam Mohankumar , Dhanraj Joshuva Arockia , Mammo Wubishet Degife
Published: February 2022

Diesel-powered transportation is considered an efficient method of transportation; this sees the increase in the demand for the diesel engine. But diesel engines are considered to be one of the largest contributors to environmental pollution. The automobile sector accounts for the second-largest source for increasing CO2 emission globally. In this experiment, a suitable postcombustion treatment to control CO2 emission from IC engine exhaust is developed and tested. This work focuses to control CO2 emission by using the chemical adsorbent technique in diesel engine exhaust. An amine-based liquid is used to adsorb the CO2 molecules first and absorb over the amines from the diesel engine exhaust. Three types of amino solutions (L-alanine, L-aspartic acid, and L-arginine) were prepared for 0.3 mole concentrations, and the CO2 absorption investigation is performed in each solution by passing the diesel exhaust. A suitable CO2 adsorption trap is developed and tested for CO2 absorption. The experiments were performed in a single-cylinder diesel engine under variable load conditions. The eddy current dynamometer is used to apply appropriate loads on the engine based on the settings. The AVL DIGAS analyzer was used to measure the CO2, HC, and CO emissions. An uncertainty analysis is carried out on the experimental results to minimize the errors in the results. The effective CO2 reduction was achieved up to 85%, and simultaneous reduction of HC and CO was also observed.
Primary Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma of the Conjunctiva Metastatic to Regional Lymph Nodes and Parotid Gland in a Mexican Patient
Authors: Díazceballos-García Ana Lía , Diener-Kudisch Sebastian , Rodriguez Reyes Abelardo A. , Nava-Castañeda Ángel
Published: February 2022

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) of the conjunctiva is a rare malignancy in the ocular adnexa. There are no prospective data regarding treatment methods. Complete surgical excision is sufficient in the majority of cases. Radiation therapy is sometimes used in case of recurrence or positive margins after surgery. This case describes an 89-year-old Hispanic female with a 7-month history tumor primarily located on the left lower palpebral conjunctiva. The patient underwent an excisional biopsy of the tumor, and histopathology exam reported an LELC with positive margins. She developed parotid and neck lymph node metastasis treated with concurrent radiotherapy. The patient had remained disease-free for 3 years. According to the available data, there are only five cases of LELC reported in conjunctiva worldwide, so this report increases the differential diagnoses of tumors in the ocular adnexa and supports the effectiveness of radiotherapy.
Areata-Like Lupus as a Clinical Manifestation of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Morais Karina Lopes , Secchin Pedro , Anzai Alessandra , Verussa Maria Júlia Miquelão Canuto , Munck Andréia , Fechine Carolina Oliveira Costa , Valente Neusa Yuriko Sakai , Romiti Ricardo
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that frequently causes hair loss and scalp lesions. Hair loss can be scarring and nonscarring, diffuse, or patchy. The nonscarring patchy alopecia is usually related to systemic LE (SLE) and may simulate alopecia areata (AA), reason why it is named areata-like lupus. Our case was diagnosed with areata-like lupus but did not meet criteria for SLE. Case Report: A 63-year-old woman presented with irregular nonscarring patchy alopecia in the temporal and frontoparietal scalp. Trichoscopy showed exclamation mark hairs, vellus hairs, and sparse yellow dots. Histology revealed epidermal vacuolar interface dermatitis, lymphohistiocytic infiltrate around the bulbs of anagen follicles, and eccrine glands. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposits of C3, IgA, and IgG in the basement membrane zone. Discussion: Patients with cutaneous LE can also manifest as nonscarring patchy alopecia that is clinically similar to AA, despite the absence of systemic manifestations. Areata-like lupus is secondary to the lupus autoimmune infiltrate that affects the skin including the hair follicles. Trichoscopy, histology, and direct immunofluorescence are important to differentiate this form of alopecia from AA, which is believed to have a higher incidence in lupus patients.
Impfempfehlungen beim Multiplen Myelom: ein Konsensbericht des European Myeloma Network
Authors: Ludwig Heinz , Boccadoro Mario , Moreau Philippe , San-Miguel Jesus , Cavo Michele , Pawlyn Charlotte , Zweegman Sonja , Facon Thierry , Driessen Christoph , Hajek Roman , Dimopoulos Melitios A. , Gay Francesca , Avet-Loiseau Herve , Terpos Evangelos , Zojer Niklas , Mohty Mohamad , Mateos Maria-Victoria , Einsele Hermann , Delforge Michel , Caers Jo , Weisel Katja C. , Jackson Graham , Garderet Laurent , Engelhardt Monika , van de Donk Niels , Leleu Xavier , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Beksac Meral , Nijhof Inger , Abildgaard Niels , Bringhen Sara , Sonneveld Pieter
Published: February 2022

Bei der Impfung handelt es sich um eine der erfolgreichsten medizinischen Maßnahmen, die bereits Millionen von Menschen das Leben gerettet hat. Die Impfung ist besonders wichtig bei Patienten mit einem Multiplen Myelom, deren Infektionsrisiko aufgrund der krankheitsinhärenten Immunsuppression sowie der immunsuppressiven Wirkung der Therapie erhöht ist. Daher sollten alle geeigneten Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, um eine wirksame Immunantwort gegen weitverbreitete Krankheitserreger wie Influenza, Pneumokokken, das Varicella-Zoster-Virus sowie gegen Bakterien und Viren (Haemophilus influenzae, Meningokokken und Hepatitis), die häufig ein erhebliches Risiko für Patienten mit einem Multiplen Myelom darstellen, anzuregen. Patienten nach autologer und insbesondere nach allogener Transplantation haben stark reduzierte Antikörpertiter und benötigen daher ein breiteres Impfspektrum. Die Impfreaktion ist bei Myelom-Patienten oft weniger stark ausgeprägt als in der Allgemeinbevölkerung, sodass entweder die Messung der Antikörpertiter nach der Impfung und/oder eine Wiederholungsimpfung erforderlich ist. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir die Daten zusammen, die zur Impfung von Patienten mit Multiplem Myelom existieren, und geben Empfehlungen für die klinische Praxis.
Response Cries or Response Statements? A Cross-Linguistic Analysis of Interjectional Expressions in Japanese and English
Authors: Izutsu Mitsuko Narita , Kim Yong-Taek , Izutsu Katsunobu
Published: February 2022

Goffman (1978: 800) claims that “[a] response cry doesn’t seem to be a statement in the linguistic sense (even a heavily elided one),” which suggests that such cries do not have the linguistic structures of statements (or descriptions) of either a speaker’s emotion/sensation or evaluation of a situation. This study conducted a questionnaire survey targeting Japanese and American English speakers to investigate expressions they will produce under eight circumstances of Goffman’s response cries. The results were contrary to Goffman’s claim. About half of the Japanese response cries were “descriptive interjections” like Ita(i) ‘Painful’ and Yaba(i) ‘Awful,’ and so were about 17 percent of the American response cries. On the other hand, non-descriptive interjections (swear words, vocatives) were more favoured by American English speakers, but extremely rare in Japanese. This study also addresses the questions of sociality and/or dialogicity of response cries in the two languages.
Regionalne uniwersum symboliczne Wysp Alandzkich
Authors: Bonusiak Grzegorz
Published: February 2022

The Regional Symbolic Universum of the Aland IslandsThe author argues that the inhabitants of the Aland Islands exhibit a separate island identity. He describes the specific historical, geographical, social, political and legal situation of this region on the basis of the elements that constitute the local/regional symbolic universum. He points out that as a result of decades-long manifestations of a sense of separateness and of struggle to preserve and maintain this separateness, a regional culture has come into being, unique and specific to these Islands only. He claims that, based on this regional culture, a distinct ethnic identity has been constructed, which manifests itself as a strong collective WE, a sense that the inhabitants identify with the category “Aland Islander”, yet without establishing a national identity, and with no aspirations for an independent sovereign state.
Polskie środowisko naukowe w Republice Litewskiej
Authors: Wakar Marcin
Published: February 2022

The Polish Academic Community in the Republic of LithuaniaIn this article the author presents the results of his research conducted during a scholarship at the Lithuanian Institute of History in Vilnius in autumn 2011. The study describes the activity of the Polish academic community in Lithuania, gathered mainly in the Association of Polish Scientists in Lithuania and in several academic centers of Vilnius. The author discusses their initiatives, such as the establishment of the Polish University in Vilnius or the creation of a subsidiary of the University of Białystok. He also focuses on the role of the University of Vilnius and the Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences. The article is based on print sources – books, academic journals and the Polish-language press in Lithuania – as well as in-depth interviews with a number of representatives of the Polish academic community in the country.
XI Chan Kirgistanu. Kurmanbek Bakijew, rządy rodzinne i heroizacja przeszłości
Authors: Shukuralieva Nartsiss
Published: February 2022

XI Khan of Kyrgyzstan: Kurmanbek Bakiyev, Family Rule and Heroization of the PastThe aim of the article is to highlight mechanisms of the construction of the national past. The precommunist and communist times, the period of independence and the events of March 2005 were used to design the narration on the almost mythical heroism of current authorities and their predecessors. The paper also attempts to reveal strategies of legitimization through the commemoration of the Tulip revolution.Additionally, it tries to reconstruct and critically comment upon main arguments used in public speeches by the head of state, by his family and ideologues of the regime. The aim, however, is not to present the coherent structure of official thinking similar to ideology. Ambiguities, inconsistencies and ad hoc reactions constituted very important part of the regime’s official rhetoric. That is why the paper emphasizes strong tension between authoritarian and democratic strands of official discourse used accordingly to the ever-changing context in which Bakiyev’s regime operated.
Assessing the Sensitivity of the Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer to the Parameterization of Momentum Flux in the Community Earth System Model
Authors: Nardi Kyle M. , Zarzycki Colin M. , Larson Vincent E. , Bryan George H.
Published: February 2022

Recent studies have demonstrated that high-resolution (∼25 km) Earth System Models (ESMs) have the potential to skillfully predict tropical cyclone (TC) occurrence and intensity. However, biases in ESM TCs still exist, largely due to the need to parameterize processes such as boundary layer (PBL) turbulence. Building on past studies, we hypothesize that the depiction of the TC PBL in ESMs is sensitive to the configuration of the PBL parameterization scheme, and that the targeted perturbation of tunable parameters can reduce biases. The Morris one-at-a-time (MOAT) method is implemented to assess the sensitivity of the TC PBL to tunable parameters in the PBL scheme in an idealized configuration of the Community Atmosphere Model, version 6 (CAM6). The MOAT method objectively identifies several parameters in an experimental version of the Cloud Layers Unified by Binormals (CLUBB) scheme that appreciably influence the structure of the TC PBL. We then perturb the parameters identified by the MOAT method within a suite of CAM6 ensemble simulations and find a reduction in model biases compared to observations and a high-resolution, cloud-resolving model. We demonstrate that the high-sensitivity parameters are tied to PBL processes that reduce turbulent mixing and effective eddy diffusivity, and that in CAM6 these parameters alter the TC PBL in a manner consistent with past modeling studies. In this way, we provide an initial identification of process-based input parameters that, when altered, have the potential to improve TC predictions by ESMs.
Serratus Anterior-Rib Composite Flap as a Novel Approach for Tracheal Reconstruction
Authors: Boudreaux Kyle A. , Bui Roger , Horwich Peter , Chang Brent A.
Published: February 2022

Objective:

To report a novel case of tracheal reconstruction using a serratus anterior-rib composite flap.

Methods:

Case report and literature review.

Results:

A 46-year-old male with a 4 cm anterior tracheal wall defect underwent reconstruction with a serratus anterior-rib composite flap. The patient experienced excellent results regarding phonation, swallowing, and cosmesis.

Conclusion:

The serratus anterior-rib composite flap appears to be a suitable candidate for tracheal reconstruction and merits further analysis in this context. The flap’s intrinsic incorporation of a perfused rib segment allows for reliable reconstruction of the neotrachea and maintenance of proximal dynamic airway support.
Ocular Complications of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case Series From a Pediatric Tertiary Medical Center
Authors: Rohani Pejman , Abdollah Gorji Fatemeh , Eshaghi Mohammad , Javadi Parvaneh Vadood , Moradi Maliheh , Zojaji Reyhaneh
Published: February 2022

Background. Ocular extraintestinal manifestations (O-EIMs) are one of the most well-known EIMs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to identify the frequency of O-EIMs in children with IBD, referred to Mofid Children’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran, during 2014 to 2019. Methods. Children with IBD, younger than the age of 18 years, who were referred to an ophthalmologist, were included in this study. Results. Ninety-six patients with IBD were examined. Four patients had ocular manifestation of IBD. Two patients had complications due to treatment of IBD. The mean age of the patients was 11.25 ± 4.17 years (range: 5.5-17 years). The O-EIMs included 3 (50.0%) cases of anterior uveitis, 1 (16.7%) case of episcleritis, and 2 (33.3%) cases of posterior subcapsular cataract. Conclusion. O-EIMs are important in children with IBD. Therefore, it is recommended that annual screening for ocular complications be performed in all children with IBD.
Performance Analysis of Novel Nucleic Acid Detection Kit for Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Authors: Wan Qianyi , Li Wei , Zhao Mingyuan , Wang Haixia , Li Yang , Shi Chao , Ma Cuiping
Published: February 2022

Respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a serious risk for child health. It has been difficult to prevent and control for a variety of reasons; therefore, timely diagnosis is particularly important for treatment of patients. At present, the rapid M pneumoniae test kits based on nucleic acid amplification have been commercialized and used as primary diagnostic tools for M pneumoniae infection, but current kits are time-consuming, which is difficult to meet the requirement for accurate and rapid diagnosis of M pneumoniae during epidemics. Rapid and accurate test kits are urgently required to diagnose M pneumoniae infection. In this article, we evaluated the performance of a novel nucleic acid detection kit (A) for M pneumoniae from feasibility and sensitivity, and compared it with kit B. Results showed this kit has the advantage of being rapid, sensitive, and specific, which meets the demands for the diagnosis of M pneumoniae infection in clinical settings.
A 10-Year Systematic Review of Participant Diversity of Single-Case Studies Published in Two Early Intervention/Early Childhood Special Education Research Journals
Authors: Oh-Young Conrad , Buchter Jennifer , Morgan Chelsea W. , Clark Christine
Published: February 2022

The field of special education has made great strides in identifying interventions that work. These practices have been described as evidence-based because they were effective across numerous studies. However, scholars in the field are also acutely aware that not all evidence-based practices will be equally effective for all children. Because of this, we sought to gain a better understanding of just who participated in single-case research design studies published in two early childhood journals from 2011 through 2020. Demographics for 267 participants from 67 studies were coded and statistically compared with federal data. Results suggest an overrepresentation of male participants, an overrepresentation of Black children, an overrepresentation of children diagnosed with autism, and an underrepresentation of Hispanic/Latinx children.
Trends in emergency department litigation within the NHS: a retrospective database analysis
Authors: Tabner Andrew , Tilbury Nicholas , Jones Michael , Fakis Apostolos , Evans Nicola , Johnson Graham
Published: February 2022

The objectives of this study are to examine trends in litigation related to emergency department care within the NHS. The study is based on retrospective database analysis. NHS Resolution databases of litigation activity pertaining to Type I emergency departments within the NHS are used. The main outcome measures were number of claims, number of successful claims, costs associated with litigation and costs per claim, all in comparison to patterns of ED attendance numbers and inflation. The results showed that the annual cost of litigation relating to emergency department care within the NHS has increased from £25.5 million in 2005/6 to £161.9 million in 2017/18. Mean cost per claim has increased from £58,252 in 2005/6 to £168,966 in 2017/18. The number of claims received has increased significantly; the proportion of these which were successful has remained constant. Therefore, it was concluded that the costs of litigation are increasing disproportionately to inflation and attendance numbers. Multiple potential causes are discussed, with significant implications for clinical practice.
Uterus rental: Regulating surrogacy in China
Authors: Shanyun Xiao
Published: February 2022

The development of surrogacy technology has brought hope to families with reproductive disorders. The current surrogacy regulations show that China has always been strictly against any form of surrogacy, but illegal surrogacy is still widespread. The departmental rule on surrogacy has a legal loophole; it does not clearly stipulate the legal consequences for involved parties who breach the regulation. China has not yet established a mature supervision and implementation hierarchy. The monitoring system for surrogacy is restricted to administrative special rectification; the prevention mechanism and the deterrence effect are not in place. Therefore, this article investigates illegal surrogacy in China, re-examines the current regulatory framework of surrogacy in China from the perspectives of legislation and supervision and suggests some changes needed to deal with the legal challenges posed by surrogacy.
Shoulder dystocia: Updating some medico-legal issues
Authors: Buttigieg George G , Micallef-Stafrace Kirill
Published: February 2022

Shoulder dystocia, or shoulder entrapment at birth, is an obstetrician’s nightmare, which not infrequently leads to court litigation with complaints of serious foetal and/or maternal damage. Increasingly, retrospective management scrutiny is extending well beyond second stage birth mechanics and involving all case file entries, history taking, ultrasound scan measurements and haematology profile results, etc. The article highlights some medico-legal issues including the influence of the Montgomery ruling on patient disclosure and subsequent management.
Reconsidering Surrogacy Legislation in Thailand
Authors: Attawet Jutharat
Published: February 2022

This report focuses on surrogacy in Thailand which is increasingly popular with infertile and childless couples, gay couples, individuals, and even celebrities who want children later in life. However, the debate regarding surrogacy continues. It is not widely accepted in various cases, particularly in its commercial form which is banned in many countries. However, such arrangements are still reported to be active irrespective of the ban, and in Thailand in particular. This article proposes that surrogacy legislation needs revision to enforce the current ban on commercial surrogacy.
The “Second Program” between Common Practice and Reflected Faith
Authors: Abel Dominik
Published: February 2022

Celebrations of Blessing for newborns are examples of a group of services that have a high sensitivity toward a certain milieu, social context, or occasion. These services are described as “second program” or alternative services. But are they actually “liturgy” at all? In order to approach this question, this article first analyzes various excerpts from an interview. As a next step, a historical discourse is outlined that was dedicated to a similar question. Already in 1933, the theologian Josef Andreas Jungmann raised this question in his article “What is Liturgy?”. A conclusion connects both approaches: The close connection between liturgy and church classifies these celebrations as liturgy. In a reverse direction these liturgies also raise the question of an image of church that emerges from these celebrations.
Genome-wide association study of brain arteriolosclerosis
Authors: Shade Lincoln MP , Katsumata Yuriko , Hohman Timothy J , Nho Kwangsik , Saykin Andrew J , Mukherjee Shubhabrata , Boehme Kevin L , Kauwe John SK , Farrer Lindsay A , Schellenberg Gerard D , Haines Jonathan L , Mayeux Richard P , Schneider Julie A , Nelson Peter T , Fardo David W
Published: February 2022

Brain arteriolosclerosis (B-ASC) is characterized by pathologically altered brain parenchymal arterioles. B-ASC is associated with cognitive impairment and increased likelihood of clinical dementia. To date, no study has been conducted on genome-wide genetic risk of autopsy-proven B-ASC. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the B-ASC phenotype using multiple independent aged neuropathologic cohorts. Included in the study were participants with B-ASC autopsy and genotype data available from the NACC, ROSMAP, ADNI, and ACT data sets. Initial Stage 1 GWAS ( n = 3382) and Stage 2 mega-analysis ( n = 4569) were performed using data from the two largest cohorts (NACC and ROSMAP). Replication of top variants and additional Stage 3 mega-analysis were performed incorporating two smaller cohorts (ADNI and ACT). Lead variants in the top two loci in the Stage 2 mega-analysis (rs7902929, p = [Formula: see text]; rs2603462, p = [Formula: see text]) were significant in the ADNI cohort (rs7902929, p = [Formula: see text]; rs2603462, p = [Formula: see text]). The rs2603462 lead variant colocalized with ELOVL4 expression in the cerebellum (posterior probability = 90.1%). Suggestive associations were also found near SORCS1 and SORCS3. We thus identified putative loci associated with B-ASC risk, but additional replication is needed.
More horror due to specific music placement? Effects of film music on psychophysiological responses to a horror film
Authors: Meinel Larina Sue , Bullerjahn Claudia
Published: February 2022

Previous studies have explored the impact of music on emotional visual material and examined the impact of the placement of music on neutral film scenes, but there has not been any link between these two topics so far. In our study, a horror film scene extracted from the Spanish film REC with several shock moments was presented to participants ( N = 39) who are divided into three groups. The scene was underscored with specially composed horror film music that had either congruent shock moments (synchronous condition) or preponed shock moments (asynchronous condition). For the third group, there was no musical background (control group), but the same sound design and same dialogues. As physiological data we use skin conductance and heart rate, but only the skin conductance reached significant values for differences between the groups. The results show that there was an additional effect of the music even though there is already a strong emotional statement of the visual material. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the placement of music prior to the shock moment can lead to the stress level increasing earlier than in the other conditions.