bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inovações e produção tecnológica em saúde: desafio necessário
Authors: Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães
Published: January 2024

As inovações têm sido o tom do atual século, o que tem se dado também na pós-graduação brasileira em todas as áreas, incluindo a de enfermagem, na qual atuamos. O grande número de trabalhos metodológicos em nossa área é prova contundente disso. Este tipo de estudo investiga, organiza e analisa dados para construir, verificar validade e avaliar tecnologias. A construção de tecnologias e a verificação de suas evidências de validade é tema recorrente nas dissertações e teses oriundas de programas acadêmicos e profissionais. Desta feita, é que a cada dia tem-se maior número e maior variação dos tipos dessas tecnologias desenvolvidas e testadas nesses trabalhos. No entanto, ainda há que se discutir elementos basilares dessas construções relativos a sua finalidade e alcance no dia a dia do cuidado de enfermagem nos diversos espaços.
Spinal anesthesia, puncture position and local anesthetic solutions. Better understanding for better indication
Authors: Imbelloni, MD, PhD Luiz Eduardo , Gouveia, MD Marildo A. , Neto, MD, PhD Sylvio Valença de Lemos
Published: January 2024

Two schools teach spinal anesthesia, one prefers the lateral decubitus position and the other the sitting position. The vast majority of anesthesiologists worldwide use routinely the hyperbaric solution of bupivacaine for almost all types of surgery, mainly performed in a sitting position. There is renewed interest in understanding spinal anesthesia about puncture position, the various solutions used, and the position of the operating table during the surgical procedure. Understanding the vertebral column, of the anterior and posterior roots, allows the different puncture positions, and the hyperbaric, isobaric, and hypobaric solutions to offer better quality of these techniques and will be shown in this article. The application of the three solutions in different puncture positions, and the position of the surgical table during the procedure, will be shown in seven items in 14 tables, and 6 figures, for the complete understanding of spinal anesthesia. The possibility of performing hemi-spinal anesthesia (unilateral and posterior), and the possibility of performing completely sensory spinal anesthesia without any degree of motor block are discussed. The explanations in this article with the different puncture positions and the three local anesthetic solutions are applied both in the lumbar region and in the thoracic region.
APPROACHES TO THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES’ TYPIFICATION OF UKRAINE AS A RESULT OF THE RUSSIAN MILITARY AGGRESSION
Authors:   State Enterprise “Ukrainian State Research Institute of Urban Design ‘DIPROMISTO’ named after Yuriy Bilokon”, Palekha Yu. M. , Malchykova D. S. ,   Kherson State University, Antonenko N. V. ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Pylypenko І. О. ,   Kherson State University
Published: January 2024

The temporary occupation of the Ukrainian territories since 2014 and the large-scale military invasion of Ukraine in 2022 have led to numerous direct and indirect crimes against Ukrainian society: (1) demographic losses and forced migrations, deterioration of the demographic structure; (2) political, socio-economic, informational, cultural violence in the occupied territories; (3) egregious human rights violations, changes in collective experience and collective psycho-emotional trauma. However, the war also has global impacts in terms of changes in the living space: physical destruction of settlements and infrastructure, militarisation and deliberate destruction of natural systems, loss of biodiversity and species extinction in the long term. The aim of this study is to outline methodological approaches to typification territorial communities of Ukraine in the context of a large-scale military invasion. Based on this, it will be possible to more clearly define the priority measures for post-war reconstruction and spatial development of Ukraine, its individual regions and settlements, while following environmental and European integration imperatives and ensuring the preservation of cultural heritage. The article presents the conceptualisation of the issue, discusses the problems of applying the proposed approach in the dimensions of the extension of widespread hostilities, as well as the conclusions and challenges for the implementation of typification in spatial planning systems at the local, regional and national levels.
Principal Component Patterns of Pediatric Respiratory Viral Testing Across Health Care Settings
Authors: Rankin Danielle A. , Stewart Laura S. , Slaughter James C. , Deppen Stephen , Katz Sophie E. , Stahl Anna L. , Stopczynski Tess , Yanis Ahmad , McHenry Rendie , Guevara Pulido Claudia , Herazo Romero Yesenia , Chappell James D. , Halasa Natasha B. , Khankari Nikhil K. ,   Halasa/Chappell Research Investigators
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Factors prompting clinicians to request viral testing in children are unclear. We assessed patterns prompting clinicians to perform viral testing in children discharged from an emergency department (ED) or hospitalized with an acute respiratory infection (ARI).

METHODS

Using active ARI surveillance data collected from November 2017 through February 2020, children aged between 30 days and 17 years with fever or respiratory symptoms who had a research respiratory specimen tested were included. Children’s presentation patterns from their initial evaluation at each health care setting were analyzed using principal components (PCs) analysis. PC-specific models using logistic regression with robust sandwich estimators were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between PCs and provider-ordered viral testing. PCs were assigned respiratory virus/viruses names a priori based on the patterns represented.

RESULTS

In total, 4107 children were enrolled and tested, with 2616 (64%) discharged from the ED and 1491 (36%) hospitalized. In the ED, children with a coviral presentation pattern had a 1.44-fold (95% CI, 1.24–1.68) increased odds of receiving a provider-ordered viral test than children showing clinical symptoms less representative of coviral-like infection. Whereas children in the ED and hospitalized with rhinovirus-like symptoms had 71% (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.24–0.34) and 39% (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.49–0.76) decreased odds, respectively, of receiving a provider-ordered viral test during their medical encounter.

CONCLUSIONS

Viral tests are frequently ordered by clinicians, but presentation patterns vary by setting and influence the initiation of testing. Additional assessments of factors affecting provider decisions to use viral testing in pediatric ARI management are needed to maximize patient benefits of testing.
Antiquity as an ideal and a factor in the formation of the intellectual landscape of Ukraine in the second half of the XVIII – early ХІХ centuries
Authors: Zhurba O. I. , Lytvynova T. F.
Published: January 2024

The role and place of ancient intellectual heritage (fiction, mythology, historical works, political and philosophical treatises) in the formation of the intellectual landscape of Ukraine during the late Enlightenment are presented and analyzed. The purpose of the work was to find out the methods of assimilation and instrumentalization of the culture of Antiquity in the Ukrainian intellectual environment. The research methodology is based on intellectual history approaches aimed at identifying the mechanisms of formation and structures of the intellectual landscape of certain cultural areas. The presentation of the main material is aimed at the representation of the process of reception of the texts of the Antiquity era in the spiritual-cultural and social-political space of Left Bank Ukraine. Algorithms for assimilation of the ancient heritage have been identified: studying in domestic and foreign institutions, forming one’s own libraries, getting acquainted with the texts of ancient authors in the original and through the work of European educators. The personnel potential of Ukrainian translators of ancient Greek and ancient Roman works was determined, the repertoire of translations of ancient authors and their thematic priorities were clarified. It is emphasized that the appeal to Antiquity was determined both by the pan-European cultural discourse of the Age of Enlightenment and by the peculiarities of the regional social and socio-economic situation. Representatives of the Ukrainian intellectual elite used the plots, images, and styles of Antiquity as a tool for developing and justifying strategies and tactics for the protection of national interests in the process of integration into imperial structures. Conclusion. Ancient heritage in the second half of the XVIII – at the beginning of the ХІХ century became an important cultural resource in the formation of the intellectual landscape of Left Bank Ukraine. This was due to the prevailing cultural discourse of the Enlightenment, the available personnel potential, and the social and aesthetic demand of the ancient heritage. Her patriotic pathos was actively used to defend the special status of the Motherland as part of the empire, to create a national elite socio-cultural space. Classical heritage has become an effective means of status positioning and an instrument of career strategies of the educated classes. Crisis of the Enlightenment Paradigm at the Edge of the XVIII–XIX centuries created the conditions for rethinking Antiquity in the categories of modern times («Aeneid» by I. Kotlyarevskyi). Its use as an important factor in the intellectual landscape ended at the time of the birth of the modern Ukrainian ethnic project.
To the history of pandemics: statistics and forecast.
Authors: Gamaliia V. M. , Ruda S. P. , Zabuga A. G.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the study of human experience related to fight against a viral disease known as influenza infection. The outbreaks of the disease occurred over several millennia and described in the surviving documentary sources are considered. The main attention is paid to investigations of native epidemiologists on this problem. In particular, an analysis of works published more than 80 years ago is shown. It is emphasized that some elements of the influenza epidemic described in this publication are in many respects similar to the features of the modern coronavirus pandemic. History of studies devoted to mechanism of infection transmission is described. Significant attention is paid to the developments of scientists associated with the problem of identifying the causative agent of the disease. The contribution of native scientists in revealing the features of the pathogenesis of infection diseases is highlighted. It is noted that important factors in the spread of infection nowadays are globalization and migration processes. It is emphasized that the speed of infectious diseases spread is considerably caused by the capabilities of modern transport too. The history of studies related to the prevention of influenza by immunization and vaccination is reviewed. A comparative analysis of the application of these prophylactic arrangements in a historical retrospective is given. The possibility of preventing the spread of a viral infection by taking appropriate measures was emphasized. The important role of the mass media is indicated, which consists in timely and truthful information of the population. The position of leading modern scientists on this issue, in particular, M. Honigsbaum, K. G. Vasiliev, S. V. Komisarenko etc. is cited. It is summarized, that the works of native epidemiologists L. V. Hromashevskyi, N. F. Gamaleya, D. S. Samoilovych and others has not lost its relevance and can be the basis for the searching effective methods to combat influenza infection in future.
Трансформаційні процеси у сфері європейської вищої освіти як реакція на глобальні виклики
Authors: Бессалова Т. В.
Published: January 2024

Розглянуто проблеми функціонування європейської вищої освіти в сучасному глобальному середовищі та проаналізовано ключові документи ЄС в галузі вищої освіти, що визначили її майбутній розвиток. Показано, що швидкі соціально-економічні зміни в ЄС задають нові параметри функціонування системи вищої освіти і водночас формують нові завдання для неї. Встановлено, що в сучасних умовах головним завданням розвитку та модернізації європейської вищої освіти стає питання якості підготовки кадрів, що здатні працювати в умовах інноваційної економіки та створювати інновації. Дослідження трансформацій, що відбувалися у вищій освіти ЄС за останні десятиріччя, засвідчили, що на сучасному етапі розвитку жодна країна без якісної підготовки фахівців чи розвитку наукових досліджень не здатна забезпечити рівень прогресу та сталий розвиток. Підкреслено, що в цих умовах вища освіта стає ключовим чинником ресурсного забезпечення суспільних трансформацій та економічного розвитку. Зазначено важливість для України вивчення прогресивного досвіду європейських країн з розбудови освітньої системи. Підкреслено, що в питаннях майбутнього розвитку вищої освіти Україна повинна йти шляхом поєднання власних досягнень та прогресивного досвіду, що демонструє Європа. Важливим на цьому шляху є усвідомлення того, що розбудова національного освітнього простору за європейськими стандартами має поєднуватися з надбаннями та історичними традиціями української вищої школи.
Women in the political and socio-economic life of Mykolaiv region from the second half of the 19th to the first third of the 20th centuries
Authors: Berezhna S. V. , Voronina M. S. , Honcharova О. S. , Matei Yu. F.
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes the societal status of women, their possibilities for social activity, and the types of women’s movements in the second half of the 19th to the first third of the 20th century, taking into account regional specificities. The chosen region for the study is Mykolaiv Oblast, which is determined by the existence of a number of distinctions in defining gender roles in comparison to the overall Ukrainian practice. The militarized nature of the region led to the preservation of a significant masculine component in the mentality of the local population for an extended period. It was the military personnel who constituted the local elite, among whom emancipatory attitudes characteristic of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century were supposed to form. Furthermore, the gender ratio in the population of Mykolaiv Oblast was not in favor of women. By the end of the 19th century, the majority of the male population had state-guaranteed earnings and pension provision for their families in case of tragic events, while the female segment, even if comparable in numbers, was still perceived mentally as mere «ornaments» confined to the private sphere. Therefore, more ideal conditions for preserving a patriarchal order in society could hardly be sought. It has been demonstrated that Mykolaiv Oblast underwent a unique transformation from a region characterized by a “dual” masculinity and the dismissal of the «women’s question» to a more emancipated state of the community. In this community, the structure of «Soviet feminism» in the form of women’s departments found its niche and laid the foundation for the social mobility of the younger generation of women.
Practices of Formation of Managerial Personnel in Collective Farms of the Middle Urals in 1965–1982: on the Issue of Preserving Collective Farm Democracy
Authors: Gorbachev Anton O. , Semerikova Ol’ga M.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. In the article, on the basis of archival materials on the example of the Middle Urals, the issue of the practices of the formation of managerial personnel in collective farms is considered. The authors of the study question the widespread thesis that collective farms more and more resembled state farms – that is, managers were mainly appointed by higher authorities, and ordinary collective farmers could not influence this in any way.

Results. We have identified at least three mechanisms for the formation of collective farm chairmen. The first mechanism assumed that the candidate for the position of head was an independent figure from the district committee, and was elected by the collective farmers at the meeting. In another case, the candidate was approved by the district committee or the city committee of the party and at the collective farm meeting only the candidate was approved for office. It is worth noting that such a statement was not always passed unanimously, and sometimes with the most severe resistance on the part of ordinary members of the collective farm. The third option of election is a compromise: if the collective farmers needed to leave one or another chairman of the collective farm, the district or city authorities could not offer their candidate, but agree with the opinion of the collective farmers.

Discussion and Conclusion. Thus, the authors came to the conclusion that elements of democracy in the collective farms of the Middle Urals still existed in the above-mentioned period.
Managing the thermal impact of green walls on internal spaces of AQABA buildings
Authors: Al-Khlouf Maryam , Tarawneh Sultan
Published: January 2024

Green wall systems have been introduced all over the world as a sustainable solution to combat the hot environment inside buildings and provide thermal comfort by improving the thermal efficiency of the buildings. This study aims to find out whether green walls can be used to manage the inside thermal conditions of Aqaba buildings. It is intended to lessen the impact of Aqaba's harsh warm climate on internal building spaces and achieve a thermal comfort level. A physical live experiment was used to detect the thermal impact of green walls on internal spaces. The thermal performances of two identical real-scale test rooms, one of which had a fixed green facade, were compared. This study concludes that green facades have a significant potential to promote buildings' thermal behaviour in the hot summer of Aqaba and thermally similar regions.
Regional Wage Differentiation and Qualitative Determinants of Economic Development: Evidence from Poland
Authors: Kapela Magdalena , Kwiatkowski Eugeniusz
Published: January 2024

Objective: The article shows the differences in salaries in Polish voivodeships and between poviats of individual voivodeships. It also identifies factors, particularly qualitative development ones, which affect them.
Research Design & Methods: Ranking, spread indices, coefficients of variation, and grouping methods were used. Parameters of panel econometric models with random effects and fixed effects were also estimated.
Findings: In the years 2010–2020, wage variation between voivodeships decreased slightly. This indicates a weak process of sigma convergence, but the data about average annual wage growth do not show a clear tendency to beta convergence. The highest average wages were found in Mazowieckie, Śląskie and Dolnośląskie voivodeships, and the lowest in Warmińsko-mazurskie, Podkarpackie, Lubuskie, Kujawsko-pomorskie and Świętokrzyskie. The econometric analysis confirmed that the following factors had a positive impact on wage levels: labour productivity, the share of people with higher education, the number of patents and the share of innovative enterprises, and a negative impact of the unemployment rate. The 2020 pandemic also had a significant positive impact on wages in voivodeships.
Implications / Recommendations: The analyses confirm a significant impact of qualitative development factors on wages in voivodeships.
Contribution: The research complements the Polish literature on the impact of qualitative development factors on regional differences in wages and confirms the validity of using panel models for this type of analysis.
Analysis of Key Factors Influencing Spice Traceability Systems: The Example of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
Authors: Newerli-Guz Joanna , Rybowski Marcin
Published: January 2024

Objective: To analyse key issues related to the pepper market, the transport of pepper and requirements during transport; to examine issues related to supply chain management of peppers (and, by extension, other spices and related products) with a particular emphasis on their traceability.
Research Design & Methods: Statistical data was collected and analysed along with the literature on the traceability systems of black pepper.
Findings: The study identified the main problems related to product identification, transparency and security of the data used in traceability systems.
Implications / Recommendations: Product traceability changes the perception of products on the market and increases confidence in supply chains. For the black pepper supply chain (BPSC), solutions that ensure process transparency and continuity of the information stream are paramount to reduce the possibility of product adulteration and other forms of fraud. Black pepper traceability should facilitate the detection of dangerous products and their withdrawal from the market. The ease with which traceability systems can control and reduce the costs associated with product aging and spoilage is less important for the trade of black pepper, but is nonetheless a factor.
Contribution: Recommendations are put forward for future studies on ensuring food safety and customer satisfaction as well as product reliability.
Społecznie odpowiedzialne innowacje w gospodarce odpadami komunalnymi w mieście przyszłości
Authors: Famielec Józefa , Lulewicz-Sas Agata , Famielec Stanisław , Chełkowski Marcin
Published: January 2024

Objective: To define, identify and evaluate socially responsible innovations of municipal waste management in the city.
Research Design & Methods: Socially responsible innovations were considered a condition and an opportunity to achieve municipal waste management goals and standards in cities. These include solutions that ensure a legally regulated, economically justified and socially acceptable hierarchy of waste management and, as a result, closing the material cycles in this economy. The theoretical background covers definitions of socially responsible innovations and the development of goals and standards in municipal waste management. The empirical basis comprises unpublished data on municipal waste management from a company working in Krakow and reports produced by the Mayor’s Office of the City of Krakow on the implementation of tasks in municipal waste management. Econometric (regression) and statistical methods for studying the dynamics of changes and the structure of the categories examined were used.
Findings: In the period under consideration, the Municipality of Krakow achieved the legally required levels of recycling and preparation for reuse and recovery of some fractions of municipal waste. The income of the municipal waste management system per capita has a positive and statistically significant impact on the levels of preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery that were achieved.
Implications / Recommendations: Innovative organisation and management as well as innovative methods of waste segregation and collection ensure that the goals and standards in municipal waste management will continue to be achieved.
Contribution: The article contributes new knowledge on improving the productivity and efficiency of municipal waste management, the use and implementation of the “polluter pays” principle and improving the effectiveness of integrated municipal waste management systems.
Polinización manual y aplicación de azoxystrobin en el amarre y desarrollo de fruto de guanábana (Annona muricata L.) en árboles con poda en Las Varas, Nayarit.
Authors: Becerra-Zamorano C. C. , Luna Esquivel Gregorio , Cambero-Campos J. , Can-Chulim A. , Vázquez-Hernández M.V. , Ramírez-Rentería J.
Published: January 2024

La guanábana (Annona muricata L.) tiene gran potencial y expectativa de producción en Nayarit. La producción de la guanábana se ve afectada severamente por mala polinización y ataque de hongos en periodo de floración. Al respeto, existe una alternativa que ha generado expectativas en el incremento del cuajado de los frutos que consiste en la polinización manual. En esta investigación se evaluó la polinización manual y natural en árboles de guanábana con diferente porcentaje de poda, seguido de aplicación del fungicida azoxystrobin en el amarre y desarrollo de fruto en Las Varas, Compostela, Nayarit. Se polinizaron y etiquetaron 236 inflorescencias de manera manual y 256 polinizadas de manera natural. Con atomizador se aplicó en una ocasión fungicida a 107 flores polinizadas de manera manual y 128 de manera natural. Los árboles (con y sin fungicida) con polinización manual presentaron 30.24 % y 59.58 % de amarre de frutos respectivamente.  En árboles con 100 % de poda, polinización manual y fungicida se obtuvo un 40.28 % de amarre de frutos mientras que los árboles con 25 % de poda y polinización manual se obtuvo un 72.15 % de amarre de frutos y mejor desarrollo de frutos con medias de 60.62 mm de diámetro y 103.88 mm de longitud. Mientras que los frutos con polinización manual y fungicida se presentaron medias de 48.64 mm de diámetro y longitud de 80.48 mm. La técnica de polinización manual en conjunto con la aplicación de fungicida y poda favorece el amarre y desarrollo de frutos de guanábana.
Studies on the Future and Legal Issues of the Duty-free Moratorium on Electronic Transmissions
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, Kwak Dongchul , Roh Jaeyoun
Published: January 2024

The future of WTO duty-free moratorium on electronic transmissions (moratorium), which has been temporarily in effect for more than 20 years, is uncertain. There is a possibility that the moratorium might be officially repealed on March 31, 2024, as decided during the 12th WTO Ministerial Conference. The termination of the moratorium could have a significant impact on Korea, a prominent exporter of online content. This study provides a detailed examination of the legal issues surrounding duty-free provisions in Korea's agreements. Additionally, it suggests both multilateral trade negotiation strategies for Korea to advocate for the permanent status of the moratorium and bilateral strategies to maintain the duty-free status of cross-border electronic transmissions in anticipation of the potential repeal. The contribution of this study lies in its identification of specific legal issues related to duty-free provisions and the development of effective negotiation strategies for each issue in preparation for the 13th Ministerial Conference.
Competitive Analysis of Regional Innovation Cluster Fostering Industry Using Location Quotient and Growth Rate Differential Analysis: Focused on National Innovation Clusters in 14 Cities and Provinces
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, Kwon Sein , Cho Su-Ji
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to provide implications for a differentiated approach to regional industrial growth by analyzing industrial agglomeration and growth potential for specialized industries in 14 cities and provinces. The results of the LQ and GRD based on the KOSIS data ('16~'19) are as follows. First, the degree of agglomeration of specialized industries differed by region. In particular, the concentrations that are linked to the past industrial characteristics of the region or have representative industries were high. Second, the results of the GRD also showed significant differences in the growth potential of specialized industries in the cluster. In some regions, the geographical agglomeration of specialized industries by region was low, but it was confirmed that there were many industries with high growth potential through a relative comparison of industrial growth trends. Third, through matrix analysis, a portfolio capable of efficient and effective decision- making for the establishment of innovative clusters was derived. This study suggests the application of appropriate methodologies to measure cluster performance, such as interaction- based network analysis, and the need for discriminatory policies that take into account the regional characteristics of clusters.
The discriminatory nature of YouTube's premium service and the impact of users' affordability on service acceptance
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, Kang Inwon , No Haesung , Kim Junhee
Published: January 2024

In investigating the acceptance behaviors of YouTube premium services, this study sought to overcome the limitations that most studies have discussed with a focus on the differentiation of the service. This study proposed a research model that reflects the psychological reactance and discomfort of users who have to decide whether to accept paid services in a situation where free services are switched to paid services, in addition to service differentiation, and the ability to afford paid services. In addition, since a significant number of Korean users are showing excessive dependence on YouTube, we wanted to verify the moderating role of YouTube addiction on the YouTube premium acceptance process. As a result of the verification, it was possible to identify the discriminatory characteristics of YouTube's premium service and the user's ability to afford it to affect the perception of service quality and subsequently affect the user's attitude and acceptance behavior. In addition, the moderating role of addiction was confirmed by demonstrating that the group with a high addictive tendency showed a greater influence on the influence of user customization, expanded services, and ad exposure sensitivity on perceived quality than the group with a low addictive tendency.
A Study on Price Leadership of Marine Fuel Oil in East Asia
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, Choi Mun-Seong
Published: January 2024

This study analyzes the presence of price leadership of marine fuel oil market(Korea, Japan, Hong Kong, and Singapore) in the East Asia using cointegration test and vector error correction model (VECM) and examine to determine whether the prices of marine fuel oil are set based on international oil prices. As a result of the analysis, cointegration relationships exist among marine fuel oil prices in the East Asia. Results of a weak exogeneity test to examine long-run price leadership show that the marine fuel price of Singapore lead the prices among ports in East Asia in the long-run, and when Dubai international oil prices are included, Dubai oil price leads the prices of fuel oil markets in East Asia. Results of the Granger causality show that Korea-Japan and Japan-Hong Kong have a two-way causality, resulting in short-run price competition between them. When including the Dubai oil price, it was found that the Dubai oil price unilaterally affects the marine fuel prices of all ports in East Asia in the short-run.
Using Artificial Intelligence in Public Management: Aspects of Integration
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Storozhenko Lina
Published: January 2024

The article examines various aspects of the use of artificial intelligence in the public administration system. In particular, the world experience of implementing intelligent technologies in management activities of the USA, China, Singapore, Japan, UAE, India, UK, Canada, Germany as leaders in the implementation of effective digital innovations in the field of public administration is considered. Attention is focused on creating favorable conditions at the state level to support initiatives for the development of artificial intelligence and determining its exceptional role in the further development of society. An analysis of Ukrainian practices of integrating artificial intelligence technologies into public administration proves that the use of digital innovations in domestic management activities is a definite pointer for the introduction and approval of relevant social, political, legal, economic, cultural norms in order to form a modern digital society, the most important element of which there is the development and active integration of artificial intelligence technologies into the management system and the formation of a «new» netocratic public administration. The article highlights key aspects of the implementation of artificial intelligence in public administration, including automation of administrative processes, data analysis, open access and exchange of information, security and protection of information, flexibility and adaptability, ensuring public participation, electronic platforms for citizen participation, identification and counteraction corruption, hybrid service systems, efficiency and innovation.
Comparative Analysis of Notarial Functions in Ukraine, Poland and Lithuania
Authors:   V.M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law, Kyianytsia Lina
Published: January 2024

The article determines the functions of the notariat in Ukraine, Poland and Lithuania, their differences and common features, to establish additional functions of the notary, to study the procedure for performing the notarial function and its purpose. It was determined that the function common to all mentioned above notariats is to ensure non-dispute in civil legal relations through official notarization of acts, that the legislation of all three countries provides for the duties of a notary in the field of prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing and control over the payment of necessary taxes and fees in cases specified by law. It was established that in all legal systems notaries, along with the notarial function, can be mediators, but with their own characteristics. It was determined what functions are inherent to notariat of Ukraine, in contrast to the notariats of Poland and Lithuania. It was established that the national legislation of each country determines which acts are subject to mandatory notarization, but at the same time, in all the mentioned countries, if the participants in a civil relationship wish to regulate their relations, they can do so in a notarial manner, if this does not contradict the requirements of the law.
CREEPING FLOW OF COUPLE STRESS FLUID OVER A SPHERICAL FIELD ON A SATURATED BIPOROUS MEDIUM
Authors: Sakthivel Shyamala , Shukla Pankaj , Ramasamy Selvi
Published: January 2024

This problem emphasizes the dynamic interaction between a biporous medium and a couple stress fluid of laminar flow. The flow around a permeable field engulfed in a couple stress fluid is examined. When examining the motion of an oil droplet in a porous collector that is surrounded by an aqueous medium (oil-in-water emulsion) and is subject to an external pressure drop, this formulation of the problem is typical. A similar issue arises when lymph enters the tissues of humans or animals: the inside permeable spherical field saturated with viscous fluid and outside region saturated with couple stress fluid. The Brinkman equations are utilized to characterize the couple stress fluid flow in a saturated biporous medium. The couple stress tensor and velocity fields are expressed using Gegenbauer polynomials and Macdonald functions. For the axially symmetric motion, both pressure distribution and the stream function solution are explicitly solved. The method of variable separation is used to investigate an analytical resoluteness for the flow field. The drag force on a saturated biporous medium and the drag coefficient DN are calculated, and the impacts of the permeability κ, the ratio of viscosity (γ2 = μ1 /μ2), the couple stress viscosity ratio (τ = η'/η), and the parameter of couple stress (λ = √μ/η). The appropriate dependencies are graphically delineated and reviewed, including the permeability κ, couple stress parameter λ, viscosity ratio γ2, and couple stress viscosities (η, η'). According to the findings, increasing permeability gradually raises the drag coefficient, which is used to describe a spherical fieldâs surface with a high level resistance of flow. Limits statements are used to illustrate specific cases that are well-known. The current study is significant primarily in the course through a layer formed by penetrable particles and has very important and compelling applications in both nature and innovation, with a variety of potential outcomes.
The Impact of RCEP on ASEAN Trade: Focusing on Korea’s Response Strategies
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Li ZeXu , Han Ki-Moon , Cho Hyun-Wook
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This research aims to enhance the understanding of Asia’s economic relationships and international economic governance, with a focus on the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Specifically, this paper seeks to provide recommendations for South Korea’s participation and effective utilization in RCEP within the Asian region. Also this study suggests the significance of the Rule of Origin in Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), and highlights the importance of a cumulative certificate of origin, which refers to a document that verifies the cumulative origin of goods in international trade, applicable to 15 RCEP countries, as compared to existing bilateral FTAs.
Design/Methodology/Approach - This paper reviews previous studies related to ASEAN and RCEP, discussing the findings and key issues addressed in earlier research efforts. News articles and statistics either of political conflicts or economic implications are utilized in this context.
Findings - Currently, the global economic governance system, centered around the World Trade Organization (WTO), is facing challenges due to economic and trade friction between major powers, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Regional economic integration bodies like RCEP are taking on a new central role in international trade rules.
Research Implications - This research implies that the economic relations in the Asia-Pacific region have been steadily strengthening, and this contributes to maintaining stability through economic interdependence even in the presence of political conflict, and there is a room for South Korea to contribute.
A Study on Factors Affecting International Competitiveness Using Korea’s Trade Balance: Focusing on the Copyright Industry
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Shin Dong-Phil , Son Jeong-Soo
Published: January 2024

Purpose - Although the industrial importance of the copyright is increasing, and its significance is being highlighted both domestically and internationally, statistics related to copyright are still insufficient, resulting in a lack of research in this field. In this study, we examine the characteristics of the import-export structure through trends in South Korea’s copyright industry trade balance.
Design/Methodology/Approach - In order to confirm the potential of Korea’s copyright industry as a growth engine in the global market between 2010 and 2021, indicators such as the Trade Specialization Index (TSI), Contribution to the Trade Balance (CTB), and Intra-Industry Trade Index (GL Index) were used to determine Korea’s level of international competitiveness in the copyright industry, which was objectively identified.
Findings - In the Trade Specialization Index (TSI), the copyright industry shifted to export specialization in 2015, and in the Contribution to Balance of Trade (CBT), the competitiveness of the copyright industry was strengthened from a comparative disadvantage industry to a comparative advantage industry. In the GL Index, the proportion of intra-industry transactions in the copyright industry increased from 2010 to 2021.
Research Implications - It can be seen that tailored strategies by country and genre are necessary to activate the copyright industry. Despite high market potential in all countries due to the spread of K-culture, it is necessary to provide characteristics and support measures tailored to each country through clear comparisons and evaluations.
Characteristics of granule solidification in gas atomization of molten beryllium
Authors: Syrnev B. V. , Pestova G. S. , Semilutskaya O. V. , Tuganbaev F. S.
Published: January 2024

Experimental and analytical studies on gas atomization of the molten beryllium and the production of beryllium granules are presented. The impact of various factors, including the choice of gas (nitrogen or helium), the cooling gas flow rate (ranging from 300 to 650 m/s), melt temperature, and droplet size (<500 µm), on the cooling rate and granule properties, is demonstrated. It has been determined that the solidification of beryllium granules can occur through two distinct mechanisms depending on the atomization process. These mechanisms include crystallization and amorphization (glass transition). When beryllium melt is atomized with nitrogen, granules with diameters less than 100 µm solidify via the amorphization mechanism (glass transition), while those with diameters exceeding 300 µm solidify through crystallization. In such cases, a portion of granules with sizes ranging from 100 to 300 µm undergoes a mixed mechanism solidification. In this process, the surface becomes amorphous, while the central part crystallizes, resulting in the formation of a “shell” on the surface, marking the transition from the glass transition mechanism to the crystallization mechanism. The thickness of this “shell” depends on the granule diameter, measuring 10–15 µm for 300 µm granules and 20–25 µm for 100 µm granules. The findings from this research align well with the hypothesis of a glass-crystalline mechanism of beryllium granule solidification, which leads to their separation at the interfacial boundary. Such solidification through a mixed mechanism results in the creation of a removable “crust” on the granule, which is typically more contaminated with impurities. Understanding this effect opens up possibilities for practical applications in the production of specialized materials from beryllium. The ability to separate the “crust” from the “core” provides the conditions for obtaining specialized sintered beryllium grades suitable for use in nuclear reactors and foil production, where a beryllium microstructure with “clean” boundaries is essential.
Electrospark deposition of Fe–Cr–Cu coatings on St3 steel
Authors: Burkov A. A. , Kulik M. A.
Published: January 2024

It is well-known that chromium in metallic compositions forms dense passivating films that slow down corrosion. The new Fe–Cr–Cu coating was applied on St3 steel through electrospark deposition in an anode mixture consisting of copper and titanium granules, with the addition of chromium powder ranging from 4.85 to 13.26 wt. %. The weight gain of the cathode increased nearly twofold with the addition of chromium powder to the anode mixture. The structure of the coatings was analyzed through X-ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometry. The phase composition of the coatings consists of ferrochrome and copper. It is demonstrated that the proposed method of electrospark processing allows for the creation of Fe–Cr–Cu coatings with an average chromium concentration ranging from 55 to 83 at. %. The average copper content in the prepared coatings varied from 5 to 16 at. %. The highest concentration of chromium was observed in the coating prepared with the addition of 13.26 wt. % Cr to the anodic mixture. The corrosion behavior of the coatings was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy in a 3.5 % NaCl solution. Polarization tests have shown that applying Fe–Cr–Cu coatings to St3 steel can increase its corrosion potential by 12 to 19 % and reduce the corrosion current by 1.5 to 3.4 times. The microhardness of the coating surface ranged from 3.08 to 4.37 GPa, and the coefficient of friction ranged from 0.75 to 0.91. The maximum hardness and the lowest coefficient of friction were observed in the coating with the highest chromium content. It has been demonstrated that Fe–Cr–Cu coatings can enhance the wear resistance of the surface of St3 steel by 1.5 to 3.8 times.
Extractivismo: contexto histórico, fuentes analíticas y desafíos conceptuales
Authors: Forero Jorge-Enrique
Published: January 2024

La categoría “extractivismo” ha cobrado creciente relevancia en las ciencias sociales latinoamericanas en los últimos años. A pesar de dicha popularidad, la literatura en torno a este fenómeno cuenta con muy pocos trabajos conceptuales y la gran mayoría de los que existen adolecen de una definición clara del concepto. El presente artículo busca contribuir a llenar ese vacío. Mediante una revisión narrativa de la literatura, describe su contexto histórico de emergencia, caracteriza las fuentes analíticas empleadas en ella e identifica las acepciones más comunes en las cuales ha sido empleada la categoría. Esto permite identificar algunos desafíos conceptuales, para cuyo abordaje se propone una aproximación centrada en el concepto de “metabolismo social”.
Etiek van leeshandelinge: 'n Suid-Afrikaanse geval
Authors: Wessels J
Published: January 2024

Skrywers skryf oor wat hulle sien, hoor, lees en ervaar. Mense lees dit en lewer kommentaar daarop. Die uiteenlopende response op dieselfde teks weerspieël hoe die lees van 'n teks kan verskil. Die diskoers wat gevolg het op 'n rubriek deur Hennie van Coller in Mei 2022 dien as voorbeeld en opper vrae oor hoe geskryf en gelees word, maar ook hoe geskryf en gelees behoort te word. Die soeke na antwoorde begin deur bepaalde vertrekpunte te openbaar in 'n oorsig van die diskoers, gevolg deur 'n besinning oor die fundamentele vertrekpunte. 'n Ontleding van geselekteerde lesinge van die Van Coller-rubriek, asook response op dergelike lesinge, volg aan die hand van 'n model van interafhanklike leesmodaliteite ten einde 'n oorwoë antwoord op bogenoemde vrae te kan gee. Dit blyk uit die lees van die geselekteerde lesings van die rubriek dat sommige mank gaan aan respek vir die letter van die rubriek se teks. Die eintlike bedoeling van die Van Coller-teks is meesal genegeer ter wille van die lees van 'n alternatiewe teks (dit wat ook uit die teks afgelei kon word). Gevolglik slaag weinig lesings daarin om daarvan sin te maak binne die konteks wat die outeur beskryf. Argumente in die aanvanklike response, sowel as latere reaksies in die verloop van die diskoers, is meesal in 'n uitsluitende trant met eenduidige logikas gevoer. Die idioom en konteks waarin die diskoers ontvou het, was dus oorwegend vyandig, aggressief en etosvreemd. Hierdie diskoers maak mens opnuut bewus van die noodsaaklikheid van 'n oop en omvattende gesprek oor sake van belang vir ons land, ons taal Afrikaans, en die toekoms van kinder- en jeugliteratuur. Só 'n gesprek is slegs moontlik binne 'n milieu van etosverwesenliking waarin almal tuis kan wees.
'Bearded men singing psalms': The Work of DRC Ministers as Support Services during the South African War (1899-1902)
Authors: Kotzé Esté , Smit Lizelle
Published: January 2024

Considering the importance of the Dutch Reformed Church (DRC) to most facets of Boer life during the South African War (1899-1902), there has been surprisingly little inquiry into the roles played by DRC ministers in the (informal) network of Boer support services during this conflict. While some social historians and church historians have delved into the significance of religion to both the fighting men and civilians, the role of Boer religious leaders and specifically the work they performed during the war, are still largely overlooked. This article investigates how DRC ministers functioned as a form of informal support service, in the absence of a formal chaplaincy, and considers how their ability to serve both the spiritual and material needs of their congregants was directly impacted by the context in which they worked and their proximity to British oversight. To this end we use three case studies of DRC ministers who worked in three main areas impacted by the war: the Boer commandos in the field (J.D. Kestell), the British-controlled prisoner-of-war camps (A.F. Louw) and the concentration camps (A.D. Lückhoff).