bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROACTIVE PROJECT MANAGEMENT OF LOGISTICS ENTERPRISES
Authors: Shadura Dmytro , Melenchuk Victor
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to justifying the feasibility of using a proactive approach in the field of project management of logistics enterprises. An analysis of scientific research and developments regarding the prospects of using this approach for the successful implementation of projects has been carried out. The essence of proactive project management has been studied and the understanding that the transformation of enterprises in this direction is a priority direction of their sustainable development: it is possible to achieve significant results in the implementation of projects of a logistics enterprise, when, even at the initial stages, a team of project managers predicts the factors influencing the project and the possible consequences of their occurrence, and will also plan measures aimed at preventing crisis situations. Advantages and disadvantages of reactive and proactive management are highlighted. The use of a proactive approach in project management of logistics enterprises will create opportunities for early diagnosis and prediction of risks, prevention of problems, allocation of priority tasks taking into account the necessary resources. The mechanism for diagnosing risk situations will take into account possible and new changes, the recurrence of situations, will determine the degree of threat of these changes, will ensure a quick response to changes can have a negative impact on the activity of the enterprise as a whole. This, in turn, will increase the competitiveness of the enterprise and optimize its work.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN DISIPLIN KEHADIRAN STAF TATA USAHA DALAM MELAKSANAKAN TUGAS MELALUI PENERAPAN INSENTIF PROGRESIF DAN RETROGRESIF DI SMAN 1 SEKOTONG, LOMBOK BARAT, NTB TAHUN AJARAN 2021-2022
Authors: Helmy M. Ridwan
Published: October 2023

This research is due to the writer’s observation on the low presence rate of the administration officers impacting to the School Profile, Service, Performance, Achievement and Participation to the Sekotong Community Secondary School becoming hard to realize. Based on this circumstance, the writer’s as a principal make a policy by giving progressive and retrogressive incentive.  It is designed as a School Action Research. It i(1) is a participatory study stressing Action and Reflection based on the rational and logical consideration to improve a real condition. (2) deepens the understanding on the action carried out; (3) is to improve practical learning condition of a school. Shortly this school action research aims at finding real problems on the school as well as finding its scientific solution. This School Action Research is a qualitative. To carry out this research, an attendance list and questionnaire are used. The first is used daily, and the latter is used at the end of the Cycle as a part of evaluation and reflection. The implementation of the incentive is observed in 2 cycles. The result shows that 7 of the 10 administration officers improve their attendance in carrying their tasks at the level of 70%.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil pengamatan penulis terhadap tingkat kehadiran staf tata usaha yang rendah yang berakibat pada arsitektur 5 P (Profile, Pelayanan, Penampilan, Prestasi dan Peran Serta Masyarakat) SMAN 1 Sekotong menjadi sulit terrealisasi. Melihat hal ini penulis selaku kepala sekolah mengambil kebijakan berupa pemberian insentif bersifat progresif dan retrogresif Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah desain Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS). Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah merupakan “(1) penelitian partisipatoris yang menekankan pada tindakan dan refleksi berdasarkan pertimbangan rasional dan logis untuk melakukan perbaikan terhadap suatu kondisi nyata; (2) memperdalam pemahaman terhadap tindakan yang dilakukan; dan (3) memperbaiki situasi dan kondisi sekolah / pembelajaran secara praktis”. Secara singkat, PTS ini bertujuan untuk mencari permasalahan nyata yang terjadi di sekolah-sekolah, sekaligus mencari jawaban ilmiah bagaimana masalah-masalah tersebut bisa dipecahkan melalui suatu tindakan perbaikan. Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah ini menggunakan pendekatan gabungan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrument daftar hadir dan instrumen kuisioner. Instrument pertama dipakai untuk pantauan harian dan instrument berikutnya dipakai diakhir siklus sebagai bagian dari evaluasi. Penerapan insentif ini diamati 2 Siklus. Hasilnya penerapan pemberian insentif bagi tata usaha mengalami peningkatan kehadiran dalam melaksanakan tugasnya sebesar sekitar 70%.
Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Minat Belajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Interdiana Candra Sari Ani , Rasam Fadli , Karlina Elin
Published: October 2023

This study is entitled The Application of Online Learning Media to Students' Learning Interests during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the Application of Online Learning Media to Student Learning Interests during the Covid-19 Pandemic Period of Economic Education Study Program, Indraprasta University, PGRI. The method to be used is a Completely Randomized Design experiment that does not use control and comparative classes. Researchers will use two classes, class A as experimental class 1 with zoom learning media and class B as experiment class 2 with Google Classroom learning media, from the two methods used by researchers will see and compare student learning outcomes and how student interest in learning with both media the learning. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is an influence of zoom learning media on student learning interest. There is an effect of GC learning media on student interest in learning. There is no difference in interest in learning through zoom and GC learning media.
Upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar pendidikan pancasila dan kewarganegaraan melalui model pembelajaran cooperatif learning tipe number head together kelas xi sma negeri 1 palembang
Authors: Aisyah Amini  , El Faisal Emil , Maimun Maimun
Published: October 2023

This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Palembang. The objects of this research were 38 students of class XI IPA 6. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the numbered head together (NHT) learning model on the learning outcomes of students in class XI IPA 6 SMA Negeri 1 Palembang with material on strengthening national unity within the framework of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The method used in this study was classroom action research (PTK) which was carried out for three learning cycles, each cycle consisting of the stages of planning (Planning), implementation (Action), observation (Observation), and reflection (reflection). The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of applying the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model on student learning outcomes. Judging from the initial data obtained by researchers who show learning outcomes for class XI IPA 6 with an average grade of 72, students who complete are 74% and students who do not complete are 26%, the highest score is 79 and the lowest score is 63 from KKM 70. And the final results obtained in the 3rd cycle of learning increased to an average class value of 87, the percentage of students who completed was 100% and the highest student score was 100 and the lowest score was 80.
Mechanisms of oxidative response during biodegradation of malathion by S. oneidensis MR-1
Authors: Pan Qiaodong , Li Yanhong , Zhang Jing , Hu Ting , Hou Yu , Tang Shen
Published: October 2023

Malathion, an extensively used organophosphorus pesticide, poses a high potential risk of toxicity to humans and the environment. Shewanella (S.) oneidensis MR-1 has been proposed as a strain with excellent bioremediation capabilities, capable of efficiently removing a wide range of hard-to-degrade pollutants. However, the physiological and biochemical response of S. oneidensis MR-1 to malathion is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to examine how S. oneidensis MR-1 responds physiologically and biochemically to malathion while also investigating the biodegradation properties of the pesticide. The results showed that the 7-day degradation rates of S. oneidensis MR-1 were 84.085, 91.562, and 94.014% at malathion concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 mg/L, respectively. As the concentration of malathion increased, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were inhibited, leading to a significant rise in malondialdehyde content. This outcome can be attributed to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered by malathion stress. In addition, ROS production stimulates the secretion of soluble polysaccharides, which alleviates oxidative stress caused by malathion. Malathion-induced oxidative damage further exacerbated the changes in the cellular properties of S. oneidensis MR-1. During the initial stages of degradation, the cell density and total intracellular protein increased significantly with increasing malathion exposure. This can be attributed to the remarkable resistance of S. oneidensis MR-1 to malathion. Based on scanning electron microscopy observations, continuous exposure to contaminants led to a reduction in biomass and protein content, resulting in reduced cell activity and ultimately leading to cell rupture. In addition, this was accompanied by a decrease in Na+/ K+- ATPase and Ca2+ / Mg2+- ATPase levels, suggesting that malathion-mediated oxidative stress interfered with energy metabolism in S. oneidensis MR-1. The findings of this study provide new insights into the environmental risks associated with organophosphorus pesticides, specifically malathion, and their potential for bioremediation.
New insights into refraction and intraocular pressure in simulated plateau environment
Authors: Yu Xinli , Wang Yuchen , Liu Yihe , Xia Huaqin , Li Jiaxi , Sun Chao , Zhang Jing , Lv Zhongsheng , Liu Ziyuan , Li Xuemin , Ding Li
Published: October 2023

Purpose
To quantify the changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and corneal refraction immediately after exposure to low-pressure hypoxia at 4500 m.
Methods
The study group comprised six healthy male participants 20–26 years of age. Refractive values and intraocular pressure were measured with a portable refractometer and a handheld iCare tonometer, respectively. Measurements were taken at 11 altitudes (altitude 1: ground; altitude 2: 1000 m; altitude 3: 2000 m; altitude 4: 3000 m; altitude 5: 4000 m; altitude 6: 4500 m; altitude 7: 4500 m; 40 min adaptation; altitude 8: 3500 m; altitude 9: 2500 m; altitude 10: 1500 m; altitude 11: end of experiment). Data analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test and t-test.
Results
K-S test results for IOP and refraction at all altitudes showed no significant change (P > 0.05), and two-tailed t-tests of measurements at the beginning of the experiment and at 4500 m, at 4500 m after 40 min of adaptation, and at the end of the experiment showed no significant change (P > 0.05). However, as the altitude increased, the refractive values indicated a tendency of myopic drift and increase astigmatism, along with increased IOP. With decreased altitude, the initial state was restored.
Conclusion
Hypobaric hypoxia triggers changes in IOP and refractive values, which may result in differences in a pilot's observation of the surrounding environment and judgment of dashboard information, and, further, affect flight safety.
Moral Distress and Associated Factors Among Nurses Working in Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Getahun Mihiret Shawel , Gurara Abenet Menene , Bekele Nardos Tilahun , Kumbi Mahlet Mesfin , Zeleke Mahlet Daniel , Leta Milko Desu , Kebede Yabets Tesfaye , Fikreyesus Mihiret , Negussie Yohannes Mekuria
Published: October 2023

Background
Moral distress is recognized as a problem affecting nurse professionals globally. Unaddressed moral distress harm nurses' physical and mental health, the quality of patient care, and the performance of healthcare organizations. However, evidence on the magnitude and risk factors of moral distress is limited in Ethiopia in general and in the study area in particular. Thus, thus study aimed to assess the magnitude of moral distress and associated factors among nurses working in Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, central Ethiopia, 2023.
Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to 30, 2023, on 219 nurses. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection and Moral Distress Scale-Revised (MDS-R) was used to assess moral distress. Data were checked, coded, and entered into Epi info version 7, and then exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science version 26 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with moral distress. The odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval was used as a measure of association and statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05.
Result
A total of 212 nurses were included in the analysis making the response rate 96.8%. The magnitude of moral distress was 86.8% (95% CI: 82.1%, 91.0%). Perceived powerlessness (AOR = 6.08; 95% CI: 1.69, 11.8), lack of confidence (AOR = 7.08; 95% CI: 2.05–14.41), inadequate staffing (AOR = 12.46; 95% CI:3.28,15.1), and perceived weak organizational support (AOR = 11.59; 95% CI: 2.8,17.33) were significantly associated with moral distress.
Conclusion
The magnitude of moral distress was high among nurses in the study setting. Perceived powerlessness, lack of confidence, inadequate staffing, and perceived weak organizational support were independent determinants of moral distress. Thus, creating adequate number of staff, and establishing acceptable organizational policies are ways to reduce moral distress.
Rationally Micropatterned Antifogging Hydrogels Counteracting Extreme Condensation
Authors: Poulikakos Dimos , Park Hyunchul , Lam Cheuk Wing Edmond , Haechler Iwan , Schutzius Thomas
Published: October 2023

Loss of transparency due to water vapor condensation, is a widespread problem across diverse applications such as windows, eyewear, displays, vehicles, and kitchenware. Conventional antifogging strategies relying on hydrophilic, or hydrophobic coatings, based on chemistry and/or nano-topography, can counteract up to mild water deposition, but lose functionality at excessive condensation environments. Here, we present a passive approach, rationally micropatterning an inherently hydrophilic hydrogel to maintain high transparency under supersaturation. Guided by optics and wetting theory, and employing a diffusion model to calculate related timescales of water film formation, we engineer a wicking structure on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogel, facilitating long-term sustainable filmwise condensation. Employing quantitative optical clarity measurements and visualization, we show that our approach clearly outperforms state of the art antifogging alternatives, retaining high optical clarity even in boiling environments. Facile fabrication and superior performance establish our microstructured hydrogel as an excellent choice for sustaining transparency under extreme condensation.
Generalist, specialist, or expert in palliative care? A cross-sectional open survey on healthcare professionals’ self-description.
Authors: Zuilekom Ingrid van , Metselaar Suzanne , Godrie Fleur , Onwuteaka-Philipsen Bregje , Os-Medendorp Harmieke Van
Published: October 2023

Background
In the Netherlands, palliative care is provided by generalist healthcare professionals (HCPs) if possible, and by palliative care specialists if necessary. However, it still needs to be clarified what specialist expertise entails, what specialized care consists of, and which training or work experience is needed to become a palliative care specialist. In addition to generalists and specialists, ‘experts’ in palliative care are recognized within the nursing and medical professions, but it is unclear how these three roles relate. This study aims to explore how HCPs working in palliative care describe themselves in terms of generalist, specialist, and expert and how this self-description is related to their work experience and education.
Methods
A cross-sectional open online survey with both pre-structured and open-ended questions among HCPs who provide palliative care. Analyses were done using descriptive statistics and thematic coding of open-ended questions.
Results
854 HCPs filled out the survey; 74% received additional training, and 79% had more than five years of working experience in palliative care. Based on working experience, 17% describe themselves as a generalist, 34% as a specialist, and 44% as an expert. Almost three out of four HCPs attributed their level of expertise on both their education and their working experience. Self-described specialists and experts had more working experience in palliative care, often had additional training, attended to more patients with palliative care needs, and were more often physicians. 76% consider it important to have both
specialists and experts in palliative care.
However, there were divergent perspectives on the distinction between specialist and expert. HCPs wish more clarity about what defines a specialist or an expert, how to become a specialist or expert, and when you need a specialist or an expert.
Conclusions
Although the grounds on which HCPs describe themselves as generalist, specialist, or experts differ, HCPs who describe themselves as specialists or experts mostly do so based on both their post-graduate education and their work experience. HCPs find it important to have specialists and experts in palliative care in addition to generalists and indicate more clarity about (the requirements for) these three roles is needed.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder complicated with pure red cell aplasia: A case report
Authors: Jiang Wanqing , Wang Jue , Feng Yu , Liu Qian , Liu Mingjun , Sun Huiying , Zhang Kun , Ji Qingyu , Jia Peifei , Liu Xuewen
Published: October 2023

Background: Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) in a patient with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has not been reported before. This study presents a patient with NMOSD who developed PRCA.
Case presentation: A 54-year-old female was admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College in January 2023 for dysuria and progressive numbness and weakness of both lower limbs. Physical examination showed she had difficulty standing and walking in a straight line. Both lower limbs showed positive Babinski and Chaddock signs. MRI showed abnormal signals in the spinal cord. Aquaporin-4-IgG (AQP-4-IgG) was positive (1:320), and NMOSD was confirmed. Intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone were given, and the symptoms improved. She was readmitted for fatigue, palpitations, and shortness of breath in May 2023. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed elevated erythroid precursors and erythroid hypoplasia, while megakaryocytes and myeloid precursors were normal. Chest CT examination showed no mediastinal lymph node enlargement and thymoma. PRCA secondary to NMOSD was diagnosed. Recombinant human erythropoietin was given, and her condition was improved after 1.5 months, as indicated by blood cell count and imaging.
Conclusions: As PRCA may be secondary to NMOSD, a comprehensive evaluation of immune function and bone marrow biopsy may be necessary if abnormal blood cells are found while managing NMOSD.
New interlayer excitons in 2D bilayers revealed under strong electric field
Authors: Bolotin Kirill , Kovalchuk Sviatoslav , Greben Kyrylo , Kumar Abhijeet , Pessel Simon , Soyka Jan , Cao Qing , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Christiansen Dominik , Selig Malte , Knorr Andreas , Siegfried Eigler
Published: October 2023

Excitons in bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides (2L-TMDs) are Coulomb-bound electron/hole pairs that can be viewed as broadly tunable analogs of atomic or molecular systems. Here, we study the properties of 2L-TMD excitons under a strong electric field. To overcome the field limit reached in previous experiments, we developed a new organic/inorganic molecular gating technique. This approach allows us to achieve an electric field strengh of about 0.35 V nm-1, more than a factor of two higher than achieved previously in purely solid-state gated devices. Under this field, inter- and intralayer excitons are brought into an energetic resonance, allowing us to discover new emergent properties of the resulting states. We detect a previously unseen interlayer exciton that only becomes visible at high electric field through hybridization with intralayer A exciton. Moreover, the system experiences an ultra-strong Stark splitting of > 380 meV with exciton energies tunable over a large range of the optical spectrum, holding potential for optoelectronics. Our work paves the way for using strong electric fields to study new physical
regimes and control exciton hybridization in 2D semiconductors.
Understanding the risks of co-exposures in a changing world: A case study of dual monitoring of the biotoxin domoic acid and Vibrio spp. in Pacific oyster
Authors: Lie Alle A.Y. , Zimmer-Faust Amity G. , Diner Rachel E. , Kunselman Emily , Daniel Zachary , Artsdalen Kathryn , Garcia Mariana C. Salas , Gilbert Jack A. , Shultz Dana , Chokry Jeff , Langlois Kylie , Smith Jayme
Published: October 2023

Assessing the co-occurrence of health risk factors in coastal ecosystems is challenging due to limited co-located environmental monitoring data. Understanding co-occurrence is particularly important for risk factors that may be associated with or occur in similar environmental conditions, such as harmful algal bloom toxins and bacterial pathogens within the genus Vibrio. This study examined the co-occurrence of Vibrio spp. and domoic acid (DA) by analyzing existing California Department of Public Health monitoring data of V. parahaemolyticus and DA, and conducting seasonal monitoring for these risk factors across two Southern California embayments. Existing public health monitoring efforts in the state were robust for individual risk factors, however it was difficult to evaluate the co-occurrence of these risk factors in oysters collected around the same date (5-day window) between 2015 and 2020. Co-monitoring of two Southern California embayments revealed that DA and Vibrio spp. (V. vulnificus or V. parahaemolyticus) co-occurred in 34% of sampled oysters in most seasons. Interestingly, both the overall detection frequency and co-occurrence of these risk factors was considerably less frequent in water samples. These findings expand our understanding of the simultaneous presence of DA and Vibrio spp. in bivalves and demonstrate the feasibility of co-monitoring different risk factors from the same sample. Individual programs monitoring for different risk factors from the same sample matrix may consider combining efforts to reduce cost and streamline the process and better understand prevalence of co-occurring health risk factors.
Design by simulation of a hybrid electric microgrid for the Cuarto Congreso community, Sancti Spíritus, Cuba
Authors: Hernández Lic. Eliecer Sotolongo , Ponce-Valdes Yudelkys , Garciga Julio Pedraza
Published: October 2023

Currently, renewable energies are part of the strategies adopted to promote the change towards a new, more efficient and diversified energy system. The world is moving through the change of systems electrical isolated what they use sources from generation based in hydrocarbons by hybrid generation electrification schemes that use renewable energy sources. In this article, the electrical microgrid systems without connection to the National Electroenergetic System, also known as isolated microgrids, are treated. Firstly, the target community is characterized both electrically and geographically. The case study of the technical-economic feasibility of the implementation of a microgrid in the Cuarto Congreso community, located in an isolated area belonging to the municipality of Fomento located in Sancti Spíritus, is developed. In this study, different variants of electricity supply for the community were designed by simulation using the HOMER software, taking into account the existing conditions in it. Finally, the results obtained are electrically validated.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and adverse outcomes of twins
Authors: Feng Zhoushan , Jia Chunhong , Tong Xiao-mei , He Zheng , Yang Chunxia , Shen Wei , Ding Yueqin , Liu Jin , Meng Qiong , Zhang Aiqin , Jiang Hong , Yan Wenkang , Qiu Jianwu , Wei Xian , Zhang Yayu , Lin Xiaobo , Liu Lijun , Jin Ya , Wei Youfen , Zhang Weixing , Yang Xiufang , Wang Yitong , Cai Yangfan , Wu Fan , Cui Qiliang
Published: October 2023

Background
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) can significantly impact infant outcomes. However, research on the effects of HDP on twin pregnancies is limited and has not been well understood.
Methods
Data were collected from 22 medical centers across 12 provinces in China, spanning from January 2018 to December 2020. The primary variable of interest was HDP, and perinatal outcomes and neonatal complications were meticulously examined. Statistical analyses employed multivariable logistic regression, propensity score matching, and overlap weighting (OW).
Results
Out of a total of 6,307 twin pregnancies, 1,013 cases (16.1%) were diagnosed with HDP. HDP increased the likelihood of preterm birth (2.68 [2.27–3.15] OW). Specifically, HDP elevated the rates of early and late preterm births (1.29 [1.00-1.67] OW and 2.31 [2.00-2.68] OW, respectively), while reducing the likelihood of extremely preterm births (0.32 [0.12–0.77] OW). Additionally, HDP was associated with increased rates of low birth weight and small for gestational age (OW-OR [95%CI] of 1.54 [1.34–1.78] and 1.18 [1.00-1.42], respectively). Furthermore, it significantly heightened the likelihood of birth weight discordance (> 15%, > 20%, and > 25%). Among twin complications, HDP was linked to elevated rates of oxygen requirement (1.29 [1.07–1.56] OW), 1-minute Apgar scores < 7 (1.29 [1.07–1.56] OW), and NICU admissions (1.58 [1.32–1.90] OW). Stratified and sensitivity analyses reaffirmed the robustness of these findings.
Conclusions
HDP increases adverse outcomes in twins, both in terms of perinatal and complication risks. Therefore, careful monitoring and management are imperative for mothers diagnosed with HDP carrying twins to mitigate these adverse outcomes.
Trial registration:
NA
Senescent and disease-associated microglia are modifiable features of aged brain white matter
Authors: Schafer Marissa , Carver Chase , Gomez Paul , Rodriguez Sonia , Kachergus Jennifer , Liu Yi , Shi Ji , Tran Tommy , Wang Liguo , Melov Simon , Thompson E.
Published: October 2023

Brain white matter tracts undergo structural and functional changes linked to late-life cognitive decline, but the cellular and molecular contributions to their selective vulnerability are not well defined. In naturally aged mice, we demonstrate that senescent and disease-associated microglia (DAM) phenotypes converge in hippocampus-adjacent white matter. Through gold-standard gene expression and immunolabeling combined with high-dimensional spatial mapping, we identified microglial cell fates in aged white matter characterized by aberrant morphology, microenvironment reorganization, and expression of senescence and DAM markers, including galectin 3 (GAL3/Lgals3), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors, including Cdkn2a/p16ink4a. Pharmacogenetic or pharmacological targeting of p16ink4a or BCL2 reduced white matter GAL3+ DAM abundance and rejuvenated microglial fimbria organization. Our results demonstrate dynamic changes in microglial identity in aged white matter that can be reverted by senotherapeutic intervention to promote homeostatic maintenance in the aged brain.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward chemotherapy-related neutropenia and febrile neutropenia among breast cancer patients Running title: KAP of chemotherapy neutropenia in breast cancer
Authors: Chen Yilin , Zhou Huanhao , Jiang Junzhen
Published: October 2023

Aims
This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward chemotherapy-related neutropenia and febrile neutropenia (FN) among breast cancer patients.
Materials and methods
A multi-center cross-sectional study enrolled breast cancer chemotherapy patients at four hospitals between April and June 2023. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to assess KAP scores. The structural equation model (SEM) was used to analyze the interactions between patients' knowledge and attitude and demographic characteristics.
Results
A total of 246 patients completed the questionnaire. The mean knowledge score was 12.46 ± 6.21 (possible range: 0–26) and the mean attitude score was 30.00 ± 2.58 (possible range: 7–35). Less than half of the patients knew whether their chemotherapy protocol was a high-risk protocol for FN (45.95%). However, the majority of patients were aware of the need for the prophylactic administration of leukocyte-raising agents (79.67%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that junior college and above (OR = 4.69, 95% CI = 2.23–9.89, P < 0.001) was associated with adequate knowledge. Living in urban areas (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.34–0.97, P = 0.037) was associated with positive attitude. The SEM showed that experience with chemotherapy-related neutropenia or FN had a direct effect on knowledge (β = 1.77, p = 0.029).
Conclusion
This study found inadequate knowledge, positive attitude and suboptimal practice toward chemotherapy-related neutropenia and FN among breast cancer chemotherapy patients. Tailored and effective education programs need to be designed and implemented to improve relevant KAP in this patient population.
Betaine addition to dietary can alleviate intestinal injury to growing meat rabbits in summer heat through the AAT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Li Zimei , Pu Junning , Chen Xiang , Chen Yanbin , Peng Xiaoyan , Cai Jingyi , Jia Gang , Zhao Hua , Tian Gang
Published: October 2023

Background
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different levels of betaine (Bet) inclusion in the diet on the intestinal health of growing meat rabbits under summer heat. A total of 100 weaned Qixing meat rabbits aged 35 days with similar body weight (748.61 ± 38.59 g) were randomly divided into five treatment groups: control group (basal diet), and Bet groups (basal diet + 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 g/kg Bet). The average daily temperature in the rabbitry during the experiment was 30.48°C and the relative humidity was 69.44%.
Results
Dietary addition of Bet had no significant effect on growth performance and health status of growing meat rabbits (P > 0.05), but it increased ileal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) content compared to the control under summer heat (P < 0.05). Addition of 0.75 g/kg Bet up-regulated jejunal IL-4, down-regulated ileal TNF-α expression (P < 0.05). The addition of 1.0 g/kg Bet increased the villi height (VH) in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Serum glucose levels were reduced in rabbits, and up-regulated jejunal and ileal SLC6A20 expression fed with 1.5 g/kg Bet (P < 0.05). When added at 2.0 g/kg, Bet reduced serum HSP70 content, jejunal VH was increased, and up-regulated duodenal SLC7A6, SLC38A2, mTOR and 4EBP-2 expression (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that intestinal mTOR expression was significantly and positively correlated with SLC7A6, SLC38A2, SLC36A1 and IL-4 expression (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Dietary addition of Bet can up-regulate the expression of anti-inflammatory factors through the AAT/mTOR pathway, improve the intestinal immune function, alleviate intestinal damage in growing meat rabbits caused by summer heat, and improve intestinal health, with the best results achieved when the amount of Bet was 2.0 g/kg.
Surgical intervention after lenvatinib treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Okuno Masayuki , Hatano Etsuro , Tada Masaharu , Nishimura Takashi , Okamoto Tomohiro , Sueoka Hideaki , Iida Kenjiro , Nakamura Ikuo , Iijima Hiroko , Hirono Seiko
Published: October 2023

Background Survival efficacy and prognostic factors in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent surgical intervention after lenvatinib treatment is not well-understood.Methods Patients with advanced HCC who had lenvatinib treatment were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of 70 patients who were treated with lenvatinib, 14 patients underwent surgical intervention after lenvatinib treatment for 4–28 weeks. PFS was significantly longer in patients with surgical intervention than in patients with non-surgical treatment (median, 8.6 vs. 5.1 months, p = 0.019). Non-significant longer OS was also observed in patients with surgical intervention compared to patients with non-surgical treatment (median, unreached vs. 21.0 months, p = 0.206). In patients who underwent surgical intervention, 2 patients had a PR, and 12 had SD according to RECIST ver. 1.1 criteria. The serum AFP level was significantly lower after lenvatinib treatment than before lenvatinib treatment (median, 19.2 vs. 196.5 ng/mL, p = 0.0081). Eleven patients underwent curative surgery with a 14% major postoperative complication (Clavien‒Dindo ≥ IIIa) rate. Patients who exhibited decreases in AFP levels or were within the normal range of AFP levels during lenvatinib treatment had significantly longer PFS (median, 8.6 vs. 3.0 months, p = 0.0009) and OS (median, unreached vs. 12.4 months, p = 0.012) than patients who had AFP levels beyond the normal range that did not decrease during lenvatinib treatment.Conclusions Surgical intervention after lenvatinib treatment for advanced HCC was associated with longer PFS. Patients exhibiting decreases in AFP levels or were within the normal limit of AFP levels may be good candidates for surgical intervention after lenvatinib treatment for advanced HCC.
Variation in faunal assemblages under the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii
Authors: Davis Jennifer , Blount Craig , Worthington Duncan , Byrne Maria , Schreider Maria , Gladstone William
Published: October 2023

The long-spined sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii in New South Wales, Australia, has space between the spines and the substratum which creates a micro-habitat for macroinvertebrates and some fish. We sampled assemblages under sea urchins in self excavated dwellings (boreholes) in the rock. A rich fauna of 80 taxa were recorded (from below 180 urchins) with up to 24 taxa and 963 individuals recorded under individual urchins. The fauna was dominated by gastropods (38 taxa), malacostracans (12 taxa), and chitons (six taxa). Significant differences between two contrasting subtidal habitats, fringe (dominated by macroalgae) and urchin-grazed barrens (devoid of macroalgae), were detected at two of the four sampling locations and at one-third of all sites sampled. While the abundance of some groups differed between the two habitats, taxonomic richness and total abundance of animals did not. Sampling repeated over 9 months in the fringe habitat at two sites (separated by kms) in one location found the faunal assemblages in each site changed differently through time, and the abundance of several taxa varied differently through time. Several models that may explain spatial and temporal variation are discussed, as well as the implications of these findings to the overall biodiversity of nearshore reefs of NSW now and the potential effects of an expanding fishery for C. rodgersii.
Exploring the Impact of Propylparaben on Trophoblast Function: A Comprehensive In Vitro Study of Toxicity and Gene Expression
Authors: Guo Yifen , Yang Yingao , Zhou Zixuan , Zhao Changyuan , Li Yanchun , Zhou Huanying , Ren Shuyue , Gu Yan , Gao Zhixian
Published: October 2023

Parabens are prominent preservatives in pharmaceuticals, food, and personal care products. Their widespread production and use potentially contributed to global environmental pollution, entering the human body primarily through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal absorption. Some studies detected propylparaben in human placenta and amniotic fluid. However, there was limited research regarding its potential toxic effects on the trophoblast at the maternal-fetal interface. In this study, we utilized HTR-8/SVneo cells derived from the extravillous trophoblast to investigate the impacts of different concentrations of propylparaben on the function of the trophoblast. The results revealed that propylparaben significantly reduced cellular viability and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress. Further analysis showed that due to the decreased expression of cyclin D1, cell cycle progression was arrested at the G0/G1 phase, and cell apoptosis was induced by heightened caspase-3 activity. Through transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) combined with the CTDbase.org database, we identified seven core genes, which were key targets of propylparaben in pregnancy-related complications. In conclusion, our findings suggested that propylparaben had potential toxic effects on HTR-8/SVneo cells derived from the extravillous trophoblast.
Parental Perspectives on a Trial Using Waived Informed Consent at Birth
Authors: Katheria Anup , Schmolzer Georg , Law Brenda , Yoder Bradley , Clark Erin , El-Naggar Walid , Morales Ana , Dorner Rebecca , Mooso Benjamin , Rich Wade , Vora Farha , Finer Neiil
Published: October 2023

Objectives
To determine parental perspectives in a trial with waived consent.
Study Design:
Biological parents of non-vigorous term infants randomized using a waiver of consent for a delivery room intervention completed an anonymous survey after discharge.
Results
121 survey responses were collected. Most responding parents reported that this form of consent was acceptable (92%) and that they would feel comfortable having another child participate in a similar study (96%). The majority (> 90%) also reported that the information provided after randomization was clear to understand future data collection procedures. Four percent had a negative opinion on the study's effect on their child’s health.
Conclusions
The majority of responding parents reported both acceptability of this study design in the neonatal period and that the study had a positive effect on their child’s health. Future work should investigate additional ways to involve parents and elicit feedback on varied methods of pediatric consent.
The Infimum Hausdorff Dimension of Totally Disconnected Sets of Which Every Projection is an Interval.
Authors: Hung Nguyen Viet
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we study the orthogonal projections of the Cantor dust sets E⊂R2. The essence of our study centers on the question of how densely a dust-like can be structured while still allowing the sunlight’s shadow to cast an interval. We prove that 1 is the infimum Hausdorff dimension of a totally disconnected set in two-dimensional space with the property that the projection to any line is an interval.
The association between telomere length and malignant lymphoma: A Mendelian randomization Study
Authors: Tang Wei , Li Chunlian , Fu Deyuan
Published: October 2023

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting a close association between telomere length (TL) and the development and progression of cancer. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to explore the potential causal relationship between telomere length and malignant lymphoma (ML). Summary-level data for telomere length and malignant lymphoma data have been retrieved through genome-wide association study (GWAS). Subsequently, A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to assess the causal relationship between TL and ML. The causal effect estimation is achieved primarily by utilizing inverse variance weighting (IVW), with other Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis methods being employed as supplements. A total of 140 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with genome-wide significance were identified and employed as instrumental variables (IV) for TL. Based on MR analyses, TL was positively associates with ML,with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.407, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.126-1.758 and p value of 0.003 as indicated by the IVW method. This result were validated by other complementary MR methods as well. No significant horizontal pleiotropy was observed according to the MR-Egger regression (intercept = -0.006, p = 0.153). The sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability of the results. This study provides the first evidence of a causal relationship between TL and ML, demonstrating that longer telomere length is associated with a higher risk of malignant lymphoma.
The Profile of Neurocognitive Impairment Amongst HIV Patients in a Southeastern Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Ebeogu Olisaeloka G. , Nwani Paul O. , Morah Nnamdi J. , Anaje Obiora D. , Asomugha Lasbery A. , Ndukwe Chinwe C. , Kalu Stephen O. , Eze Ifunanya L. , Harriet Nwadimkpa , Nwosu Cosmas M. , Ogunniyi Adesola O.
Published: October 2023

Background
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a neurotropic virus and one of its known effects on the nervous system is HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND).
Method
This was a cross-sectional prospective study carried out in a tertiary hospital in Southeastern Nigeria using a neuropsychological test battery drawn from the World Health Organization/University of California, Los Angeles test battery (WHO/UCLA). The performance of ninety-two HIV positive patients, divided into thirty-eight combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) experienced and fifty-four cART naïve patients, was compared with those of ninety-two HIV negative subjects. Sociodemographic data was collected from both arms and neuropsychological testing administered. The HIV positive patients also had blood samples collected for parked cell volume (PCV), CD4 count and HIV RNA viral load. The raw scores of the HIV positive patients were converted to standardized Z scores using the mean and standard deviation for each domain of the test battery derived from sex, age and education matched the HIV negative subjects. Neurocognitive impairment was defined by Z-scores greater than 1 SD and 2 SD for mild and moderate to severe cognitive impairment respectively in at least two neurocognitive domains of the neuropsychological test battery.
Results
The prevalence of neurocognitive impairment was 76.1% (mild cognitive impairment was 44.1% and moderate/severe cognitive impairment was 31.5%); and HIV patients had poorer performance on the auditory verbal learning test (p = 0.01); the finger tapping for both the dominant and non-dominant hands (p < 0.001); the WAIS block design (p < 0.001); the WAIS digit symbol (p < 0.001); grooved pegboard, dominant hand (p = 0.03); the verbal fluency, names and animals (p = 0.02 and p = 0.001 respectively); the trail making test A (p < 0.001); and the timed gait (p < 0.001). The differences in the performance of the HIV positive patients on cART and those yet to commence cART was not statistically significant. Univariate analysis did not reveal any association between cognitive impairment and sex (p = 0.75), age (p = 0.26), and the level of education (p = 0.057) of the HIV positive subjects; and there was also no relationship with the parked cell volume (p = 0.42), viral load (p = 0.48), CD4 count (p = 0.69), and duration of diagnosis for patients who were already on cART (p = 0.84).
Conclusion
HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment is still common in HIV patients and its presence can be ascertained better with neuropsychological testing.
SimpleMask: Parameter-free and Efficient Instance Segmentation
Authors: Liu Qunpo , Lu Zhiwei , Gao Ruxin , Bu Xuhui , Hanajima Naohiko
Published: October 2023

To resolve the problem that the segmentation result of the full convolutional neural network in the Mask R-CNN model is not fine enough, and that the number of loss function hyperparameters is too large, leadings to the time and resource consumption of parameter adjustment, we propose a parameter-free and efficient instance segmentation model in this paper. Aiming at the problem that the Mask R-CNN model does not pay attention to sample features, the method of fusing the visual attention network in the ResNet50 backbone network is adopted to achieve self-adaptation and long-range correlation in self-attention, so that the model can precisely recognize the target location and effectively detect and segment the target. The U-Net network is introduced into the segmentation, and the image is processed by stepwise upsampling and downsampling, so that the network segmentation accuracy for the pixel mask is more accurate. Considering the parameter tuning problem of the instance segmentation task, a parameter-connected loss is recommended to simplify the complexity of model training parameter tuning and further enhance the detection and segmentation performance of the model. We conduct extensive experiments on three extensive baselines, i.e., MiniCOCO, Cityscapes and PASCAL VOC2012, to assess the validity of our model. The experimental findings demonstrate that (1) in the MiniCOCO dataset, a box AP of 35.1 and a mask AP of 32.0 are obtained. Compared with the most advanced mask2former algorithm, the box AP and mask AP are 1.7 and 2.2 higher, respectively. (2) The AP value on Cityscapes is 38.1. In comparison to alternative instance segmentation models, the mAP of each category has been greatly improved. (3) The generalization experiment of our model on the PASCAL VOC2012 dataset shows that the box mAP and mask mAP are 75.5 and 63.6, respectively, which are improved by 3.9 and 1.9, respectively, when contrasting with the Mask R-CNN model. Our model has significant advantages in both detection and segmentation. The code will be available at https://gitee.com/zhiweilu111/simple-mask/tree/master.
C− Almost P − Spaces and Other Spaces on Fuzzy Neutrosophic Topological Spaces
Authors: Poongothai E. , Padmavathi E.
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we define fuzzy neutrosophic C− almost P − spaces and analyze some new properties of these spaces. Also, we discuss the other spaces of fuzzy neutrosophic topological spaces.
AMS subject classification: 54A40, 03E72
Smali opcode based Android Malware detection and Obfuscation Identification
Authors: Anand Abhishek , Singh Jyoti Prakash
Published: October 2023

The Android platform's open-source nature makes it a prime target for attackers seeking to exploit vulnerabilities. The practice of reverse engineering in Android applications further increases this vulnerability, creating a lucrative ground for exploitation and attack. Malware developers use various obfuscation techniques to protect applications from reverse engineering attempts. These same obfuscation techniques are utilized by malware creators to hide malicious code within the application's structure. Obfuscation introduces useless code and concealed features during feature extraction, making it difficult for conventional malware analysis methods to recognise the application and resulting in a high rate of false negatives. To address this, this paper introduces an innovative Smali opcode-based model, specifically designed to address the complexity of obfuscation techniques during both binary and familial classification. The core objective is to design a lightweight model capable of classifying malware and benign applications, alongside robust familial classification. Moreover, the model is also equipped to identify the specific obfuscation technique employed in a given malware application. We have meticulously implemented and rigorously evaluated the proposed model using two distinct datasets encompassing obfuscated and non-obfuscated samples. The experimental findings affirm the model's performance, surpassing existing state-of-the-art Android malware classifiers. Notably, the model achieves an impressive binary classification accuracy of 99.4\%.