bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies on the Sorption Mechanism of Removing Nickel Ions from Model Waters by Cereal Grain Husks
Authors: Stepanova S , Alekseeva A , Khafizova L
Published: April 2021

The study discusses the possibility of using cereals husks (barley, wheat and oats) as a sorption material for removing Ni2+ ions from model waters. The article shows that the adsorption capacity at initial concentration of Ni2+ ions of 17 mmol/dm3 reaches 1.1 mmol/g, and at concentration of 68 mmol/dm3 reaches 1.4 mmol/g. The built isotherms of Ni2+ ions adsorption by cereal husks from model waters at a large correlation coefficient are described using the Langmuir model, but the same is observed (within the range from 0.83 to 0.98) in the Freundlich and Temkin models, which can also indicate multilayer sorption and intermolecular linear interaction between adsorbate molecules.
The Analysis of Spatial Propagation of the Key Degradation Processes in the Farmlands of Samarskaya Oblast
Authors: Samohvalov E V , Zudilin S N
Published: April 2021

This work deals with the spatial analysis of farmland degradation in Samarskaya Oblast. The degree of degradation was evaluated pro rata with the yield shortfall caused by the environmental condition of the lands and the diminishing of their fertility. We classified the lands by their degradation levels, zoned them across administrative districts, and assessed the fertility fall coefficient. We proved the feasibility of differentiating approaches to the recovery of land fertility and soil protection.
To the Question of Disposal and Recycling Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Neverov E N , Korotkiy I A , Korotkih P S , Skhaplok R U , Prib I A
Published: April 2021

In the modern world, the issue of reducing carbon dioxide emissions has become relevant, this is confirmed by the conditions of climate change, macroeconomic instability and depletion of resources. The article discusses methods for solving this problem: The first method is associated with its transformation in the form of solid minerals and industrial use in the form of carbonates. The second way to reduce CO2 emissions is to create a power plant with a capacity of 20 MW, but this method increases the cost of electricity. The third method is based on the principle of air filtration. The essence of this method is to generate heat energy and collect carbon dioxide from the air. In addition to such processing methods, a number of others are being implemented by industry. So far, two main approaches have been used, where CO2 is reduced in gaseous form, or reduced in a liquid medium. From all of the above, the following conclusions can be drawn that the utilization of carbon dioxide is a complex project, both financially and technically, but technical progress does not stand still, but develops in full swing, there are solutions that are partially implemented and only await mass production.
The Impact of Town-Forming Companies on the Urban Development of Monotowns, the Case of the Perm Region
Authors: Bushmakova Iu V , Maksimova S V
Published: April 2021

This article presents the results of the retrospective study of city planning policies in the monotowns of the Perm region. We studied the transformation of the industrial tows in the Perm region from the pre-revolutionary period up to the current times based on the archive and cartographic data, the study of city planning documents, and field research. The monotowns in the Perm region have the typical features of soviet city planning, which did not consider terrain as a factor of people’s well-being. It was only assessed from the point of view of the convenient location of plants. This led to the current problems, including the deterioration of the urban environment and the partial de-urbanization of the territories. We found out that the existing general layouts do not take into account the changes in the impact of the town-forming companies on the urban environment and generally do not satisfy the existing demands.
Combined Action of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, Tween-85 and Oil on Duckweed (Lemna Minor)
Authors: Saksonov M N , Kupchinsky A B , Stom D I
Published: April 2021

Surfactants (surfactants) are found in large quantities in industrial and domestic wastewater. Along with them, there are also oil products. In a certain concentration, they have a depressing effect on aquatic organisms. In recent decades, along with physicochemical methods for assessing the quality of water bodies, biodiagnostics - biotesting and bioindication - has been actively used. Depending on a number of factors, the effect of the combined action of substances on the test organism can be additive, antagonistic, or synergistic. Biotesting in combination with a multifactorial experiment makes it possible to identify the final effect and the nature of the combined toxic effect of pollutants. The study investigated the isolated and combined effect of oil and some surfactants on the duckweed. The criterion for the influence of pollutants was the growth dynamics of fronds of this aquatic plant. During biotesting, the most widely used anionic detergent, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), was used. In addition, we studied the effect of the nonionic surfactant Tween-85 on this test object. The toxicity of the effect of certain substances on the duckweed was assessed, and this made it possible to calculate the concentrations that cause a certain toxic effect. Then a full two-factor experiment was carried out with the combined action of two pairs of substances: oil - SDS, oil - Tween-85. Regression equations for two pairs of substances are compiled. The action of the investigated compounds is interdependent. The nature of the combined toxic effect turned out to be less than additive.
Analysis of the Use of the First Large-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing with Injection of Over 100 Tons Propping Agent at the Russian Fields
Authors: Sarancha A V , Inyakina E I
Published: April 2021

Hydraulic fracturing (HFT) is a technological process aimed at the productivity increasing of oil and gas wells by creating a highly permeable fracture diverging in diversely directions from the well or multiple fractures, which in turn will be filled with granular material – propping agent. For more than 25 years, hydraulic fracturing has been widely used in Western Siberia, as a very effective means of intensifying the fluid flow to the downhole of production wells. Analyzing the experience of oil fields development in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, where over 25 thousand treatments have already been carried out hydraulic fracturing technology has proved to be the most effective and has gained the greatest distribution among the other geological and technical operations. This paper will provide for analysis of the first large-volume hydraulic fracturing with injection of over 100 tons of propping agent in Russia, which was carried out at four wells at the Yaraynerskoye field.
Identifying of Production Facilities (Reservoirs) at Multilayer Oil and Gas Condensate Fields in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Authors: Sarancha A V , Mansurova M M , Semenenko A F
Published: April 2021

The accumulated experience in the development of the multilayer oil and gas fields is sometimes evidenced by the inaccuracy of decisions in the area of identifying the production facilities used at the initial stages of development, when the amount of initial information necessary for design is very limited. A high degree of knowledge is typical for the drilled fields, when decisions regarding the identifying of production facilities are already taken and only their correction is possible. At the initial stages, the practice of combining a significant number of reservoirs into a single production facility has been often applied, which has led to the insufficiently complete production of the individual productive intervals, reducing the efficiency of the hydrocarbon extraction from the subsoil of the Earth. The paper presents a scheme for the identifying of the production facilities at the multilayer Yuzhno-Russkoye and Beregovoye oil and gas condensate fields, which consists of a stepwise analysis of each of the criteria for the possibility of combining the reservoirs into a single development facility presented in the paper. Decisions on the identifying of the production facilities according to the proposed algorithm were tested and entered into the feasibility study of the oil recovery factors at the mentioned fields. The proposed solutions make it possible not only to achieve high hydrocarbon extraction rates, but also to avoid a decrease in the economic efficiency in the late stages of the field development, caused by the need to drill an additional well stock when disconnecting the erroneously combined reservoirs at the initial stage.
Calculation of Reservoir Characteristics by the Pressure Curve at the Inflow Using Reference Curves
Authors: Levitina E E
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we propose a method for calculating the filtration characteristics of the reservoir by the inflow curve obtained when the well was put into operation after creating a sharp discontinuity in the reservoir pressure drawdown. The need to improve the accuracy of determining the reservoir characteristics according to flowing tests is an urgent topic for many oil companies. The developed methodology for calculating the reservoir characteristics according to the data of the reference inflow curves differs from the well-known methods of processing the inflow curves and also determines the reservoir porosity in addition to its permeability.
Ecological and Epidemiological State of Cancer Incidence in the Chechen Republic
Authors: Abumuslimov A A , Aishanov S S , Agmerzaev A A
Published: April 2021

The article presents statistical indicators based on the materials of The Department of the Federal service for supervision of consumer rights protection and human welfare in the Chechen Republic. The analysis of the geographical distribution of cancer incidence in the Chechen Republic was carried out. Various features of the impact on human health are considered.
Determination of the State of Rock Mass by the Mathematical Modeling Method
Authors: Gorbunova N , Mirkushov O
Published: April 2021

The article discusses a method for finding the intensity of fracturing of a rock mass by mathematical modeling. To determine the frequency of fracturing, the unit circle direction segment method will be used, and for the concept of extrema, a diagram of fracture frequency in directions is constructed, which is divided into sectors by the directions of the fracture systems. When studying the intensity of fracturing for a rock mass of a section of the “Pshada-Bettinskoe [[CHECK_DOUBLEQUOT_ENT]] interfluve, a graph was constructed that is divided into sectors by the directions of the fracture systems. It was established that the intensity minima are at the boundaries of the sectors and are Lmin = 0.13, and the maxima are inside the sectors in the directions of the sums of vectors Lmax = 1.87 describing crack systems. As a result of the work, it was found that the rock mass of the section of the “Pshada-Bettinskoe” interfluve can be attributed to the third category of fracturing - medium-fractured (large-block massif). This model of fracturing of the rock mass will allow us to effectively solve the problems of rock mechanics.
The Influence of Size Effect on Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Different Types of Rock Samples
Authors: Usol’tseva O M , Tsoi P A
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the results of the experimental study of the influence of sizes effect on the strength and deformation characteristics of samples of hornfels, limestone, sandstone, siltstone and ore-bearing rocks. Tests were performed on cylindrical samples of three sizes of diameters - 10, 30 and 60 mm under uniaxial compression and tension loading. The results of the study demonstrated that the values of ultimate strength decrease when the size of samples increases for the samples of cornea, limestone, sandstone and siltstone. The ultimate strength increases with increasing of sample size for ore-bearing rocks containing viscous inclusions. The samples of smaller size of ore-bearing rocks exhibit a brittle character of the fracture for all types of rocks, and the viscosity of fracture increases with increasing size of samples. the obtained regularities were analysed from the positions of otwo types of size effect (volume and surface).
Study of the Influence of Indicator Factors on a Complex Index of the Region’s Innovation Potential Using Correlation and Regression Analysis
Authors: Sazonova A S , Kuzmenko A A , Filippova L B , Filippov R A
Published: April 2021

A special feature of Russia’s innovative development is the high degree of regional development disparity. This is due to a number of factors: specific nature of each region, historically established leading industries and geographical location. The innovative potential of a country is a combination of innovative potential of regions, and the importance of considering and studying the issues of evaluating and analyzing this index is more relevant today like never before. The innovation potential of a region is a whole complex of resources and organizational capabilities of the region aimed at providing its innovative development, ensuring an innovation continuum. In this review, the innovation potential is represented as an integrated quantity that includes a system of indicator factors. Within the framework of this studies, the analysis of the influence of individual indicator factors on the complex index of the region’s innovation potential is of particular interest. Since the relationship between indicators is incomplete and often probabilistic, there are good reasons for using correlation and regression analysis as a research method.
Designing Power Supply Systems with Account to the Entire Life Cycle of the Gas Field as Exemplified by the Existing Fields in Western Siberia
Authors: Bogachkov I M
Published: April 2021

This article deals with designing a power supply system that would take into account all life cycle periods of a gas field. The goal of the research is to study the process flows of the existing gas fields in Western Siberia to improve their power supply systems taking into account their entire life cycles. To achieve this goal, we strove to determine the key technology used to prolong the profitable gas extraction in the third life cycle period, the process flows of Western Siberia gas fields during various life cycle periods, as well as the duration of each of the development periods at the existing gas fields in Western Siberia and the duration of the entire gas field life cycle, and determined the electrical load for each of the life cycle periods. The research problems were solved using the theoretical experiment methods (analysis and synthesis), and the empirical methods (metering, comparison). The results of the research show that the yearly average electrical load of a gas field significantly increases over its life cycle.
Isolation Experiments and Their Role in Risk Mitigation During Pandemics
Authors: Kamaletdinova G R , Sorokin A E
Published: April 2021

The human is the most important element of the ecosystem. Due to the fact that the technosphere depends on the human life, the priority is to save the human health and to provide high performance even in stressful situations as it helps to mitigate risks when critical situations arise including at industries. In order to study the human behaviour under stress in more details, we suggest putting humans into the artificial ecosystem where the human is the key element. At this, the decomposition of such complex system is the external environment, the life support system arranges by technical means and the human acts as a loading element. Such approach should be applied to control the condition of the environment surrounding the human and to be able to model various scripts of the environmental effect on humans and vice versa. Such study has shown that human performance and general condition are affected by tiredness, the time spend in isolation, frequency of critical situations. The global situation in 2019-2020 and self-isolation during the pandemics allow expanding this study and evaluating the effect of isolation on the technosphere safety. The result of this work is the well-developed comprehensive human-machine system within which the study is carried out. Recommendations obtained during the calculation experiments are compared with the natural data. On these grounds, conclusions are drawn that allow one to mitigate risks under conditions of isolation.
Anovar of Errors in Surveying Photogrammetric Measurements of Mountain Objects with the Help of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Blischenko A A , Gusev V N
Published: April 2021

The application of unmanned aerial vehicle technologies in surveying is gaining pace: the results are more correct while being obtained more quickly at less amount of resources required. The drawbacks of the UAV used are most frequently detected during the flight execution and thus, a certain experience is accumulated, new methods and options for the UAV application at surface mining operations. A great part of the experimental outcomes obtained allows justifying a more efficient use of UAV from a theoretical perspective. The article considers the main problems of surveying photogrammetric measurements of the mountain objects. The authors study the impact factors influencing the errors in the measurements conducted with the help of the unmanned aerial vehicle and suggest a mathematical method for their substantiation and analysis by the example of ANOVAR of the UAV flying height and the number of control survey points that help to improve the correctness of the final model for the object measured.
Research of the Mathematical Model of Heated Greenhouses
Authors: Kokieva G E , Voinash S A , Sluchevsky A M , Yu Maksimovich K
Published: April 2021

Large-scale greenhouse production is currently developing along the path of introducing technologies for intensive cultivation of vegetable crops and using automated control systems for technological processes based on micro and minicomputers. One of important technological processes is watering and feeding plants with mineral fertilizers. The need to automate this process is associated with laboriousness of process of preparing solutions, accurately maintaining given concentration of substances in them, timely supply and uniform dosing over the entire area of greenhouse under various disturbances of external environment. The article shows a technological scheme of a heated greenhouse of the simplest design. A method for constructing balance models is presented; model can be transformed for more complex schemes. Three main models in spacestate (continuous, discrete, operator) are considered. Information about processes is recorded discretely, therefore, we first identify discrete form of the model, then we obtain parameters of the discrete form. Further, using equation of constraints, a matrix of discrete and continuous forms, we obtain transfer functions for the internal airtemperature. Due to simplicity of setting parameters, it can be easily reproduced for many different designs and systems of greenhouse complexes, as well as for various scenarios of changing environmental conditions. Proposed balanced dynamic models allow the most complete use of computers for studying heat consumption modes of heated greenhouses, as well as for synthesis of temperature controllers. In this case, vector-matrix algebra is used as a mathematical apparatus, standard programs for which are widely used on computers for various purposes.
Improving the Efficiency of Foam Separation of Diamond-Bearing Raw Materials by Using a Combined Collector Based on the Naval Fuel Oil and Activated Oil-Water Emulsions
Authors: Dvoichenkova G P , Morozov V V , Verkhoturova V A
Published: April 2021

As a result of the completed studies, a solution was provided for the urgent issue of increasing the efficiency of foam separation of diamond-bearing kimberlites through the use of a combined collector based on an activated water-oil emulsion and the naval fuel oil F-5. With the selected ratio of components under the conditions of experimental tests, an increase in the extraction of diamonds into concentrate by an average of 5% was ensured, with a decrease in the consumption of the collector reagent by 1.5-2 times and the foaming agent OPSB by 15-34%.
Prospects of Development and Design Features of Toll Roads in the Russian Far East
Authors: Kamenchukov A V , Kondratenko T E , Voinash S A , Sokolova V A , Alekseeva S V , Taraban M V
Published: April 2021

The article considers the issues of the efficiency of location and operation of toll points on highways and provides the assessment of the development of the network of highways in the Far East with the prospects for the organization of toll city bypasses. The calculation of the efficiency of the toll point was carried out based on the example of the highway «Eastern bypass of Khabarovsk».
Analysis of Technogenic Risk in the Assessment of Dust Emissions from the Metallurgical Complex on Cultivated Crops
Authors: Askarova D A , Glebov V V , Shevtsov V V , Nikitin D S , Isaev K V
Published: April 2021

The paper presents empirical data on technogenic emissions from the Ust-Kamenogorsk metallurgical plant (East Kazakhstan). The study was conducted on dark chestnut soil and indicator test plants (cereals: Secale cereale L., Triticium aestivum L.; cruciferous: Brassica juncea L., Lepidium sativum L.; legumes: Pisum sativum L). Artificial dust pollution of industrial enterprises was produced in the following proportions 0,1%, 0,5%, 1,0%, 5,0%, 10,0% and 15.0% to the air-dry mass of the soil. During the laying of the model experiments used plastic containers. The soil was composted for 7 days at room temperature under conditions of full field moisture capacity. Environmental monitoring showed an intensive accumulation of lead in the root system of the test cultures. Eco-Toxicological analysis showed the phytotoxic effect of lead poisoning, which was manifested with minimal dust emission of industrial emissions (0.1% of dust in the soil), in which the biomass of germinated crops decreased by 11.1% relative to the control variant. Analysis of the dust load of the lead-zinc plant showed that at doses of 0.1-1% heavy metal (HM): Cd, Pb,Cu,Zn, there is a decrease in the growth processes of the test crops studied. With an increase in HM in the dust load (1.0%), a high level of bioaccumulation of HM was noted in cereals (Secale cereale L.) and cruciferous (Brassica juncea L). It was found that the least accumulation of zinc, copper and lead ions was observed in cereals (Triticium aestivum L.) and legumes (Pisum sativum L.), and cadmium ions – in cruciferous (Lepidium sativum L.). With a further increase in the HM concentration of 5%, a phytotoxic effect was detected, which amounted to 78% and with a dust load of 10-15%, the death of all the studied plants was noted.
Using Wood Waste for Reclamation of Oil Polluted Arctic Lands
Authors: Malaklhova Yu V , Mazlova E A , Ostakh O S
Published: April 2021

The paper is devoted to the study of the use of wood waste as improvers engaged in the reclamation of oil-contaminated lands using bioremediation. Wood waste can act as carriers for biological products and mulching materials that optimize the harsh climatic impact on soils cleaned from oil products. At the example of using pine sawdust of 1.0-1.5 cm fraction for biological purification from oil pollution in laboratory conditions, it is shown that the increase in oat seed germination is 6-28% compared to the introduction of a biological product by sprinkling. At the same time, it was found that fine-grained pine sawdust negatively affects bioremediation, due to accelerated decay of wood, accompanied by the release of toxic components. The use of wood waste in the reclamation of oil-contaminated Arctic lands will eliminate their expensive transportation to legal disposal or burial sites and involve them in soil restoration processes.
Increase of Animal Products by Means of Complete Feed Provision
Authors: Cherkashina A G , Stepanova S V , Spiridonova A V , Kalininsky R G
Published: April 2021

To increase the amount of animal products manufactured, it is required to meet the needs of animals not only in the energy and nutrients but also in the biologically active components improving the fodder productive effect (enzymic preparation, vitamins, microelements, etc.). In most cases the action of biologically active agents applied in live stock breeding is reduced to the activation or inhibition of one or another enzymatic process. Exogenous ferments, recommended today for the application in live stock breeding, are used in two ways. These are the fermentation of ration ingredients before animal feeding and their injection into the digestive tract as part of the ration (combined feed, premixes). Each of the considered methods has its advantages and drawbacks with the account of the enzyme preparations processability and properties. The complete feeding of dairy cows stipulates for the optimal intake of all necessary nutrients in the organism which promotes good health, normal reproduction and high performance. A significant reduction of energy deficiency for this period can be obtained by the ration addition with the fodders rich in concentrate energy, high quality grass chop and grass meal, tuberous roots, etc. The higher milk yield is, more energy a kilo of dry ration matter should contain. The article suggest a technology for obtaining fodder protein&vitamin concentrate for complete feeding of live stock animals.
Food Security in Arctic Uluses; Issues of Local Agricultural Production
Authors: Ilyin S I
Published: April 2021

This paper analyzes economically the food security of a local population as well as the local farming of potatoes, milk, meat, fish, and eggs. Data was collected from statistical reports for 2012-2019; the goal of the study was to analyze the food security in the Arctic municipalities of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The study has shown that only fishing is a well-performing industry to date. Local potato farming is naturally limited, while vegetables are imported. Compared to the City of Yakutsk, some municipalities have 2 to 6 times higher food prices, or even 7 times higher. Gross production of eggs has risen by 131%, still not enough to be significant. The paper identifies the key issue of the agricultural market in the region. It discusses issues and makes proposals with regard to the development of the agroindustrial complex (AIC). In particular, the paper proposes establishing poultry and rabbit farming as well as local production of vegetables and potatoes.
A Comprehensive Evaluation Method the Effectiveness of the Prospect of Inter-Fuel Competition for the Production of Electric and Thermal Energy in the Arctic Regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Elyakov A L
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the methods for assessment of the environmental, energy, and economic efficiency of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) for the production of electrical and heating power in the Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The basic factors for the development of LNG production and supply to the settlements, which are remote from gas pipelines in the Repulic of Sakha (Yakutia) (Republic), are identified. The authors reveal the advantages of LNG utilization instead of the actually used traditional types of fuel (coal, crude oil, gas condensate, diesel fuel) for diesel power stations and boiler plants in the Arctic regions of the Republic in the context of inter-fuel competition in the production of electrical and heating power. The introduced methods for assessment of the environmental, energy, and economic efficiency are substantiated with experimental calculations in terms of the electrical power production at diesel power plants of JSC Sakhaenergo and in heating power production at boiler plants, which belong to several economic structures, mainly to GUP ZhKKh RS (Y), JSC Sakhaenergo, and JSC Teploenergoservice. As a result, the authors substantiated a method for a comprehensive assessment of LNG effectiveness for the electrical power production at diesel power plants and in heating power production at boiler plants, which are located in 13 Arctic regions of the Republic.
Technical and Technological Aspects of Assessing the Quality Characteristics of Thread Compounds in Products from Fibrous Materials
Authors: Sheromova I A , Zheleznyakov A S , Sokolovsky A R
Published: April 2021

The object of the study is thread connections of garments parts, and the subject is an express instrumental method and technical support for determining damage to threads by the needle of a sewing machine when sewing garments. The purpose of study is to develop technological and technical support for the process of researching the quality of the sewing stitch based on the development of an express method for determining damage to threads in a material when a needle is punctured during sewing, which increases the objectivity and accuracy of the estimated information. As a result of the study, a method for assessing the damage to a material by a needle during sewing was developed and a patentable technical device for its implementation is proposed. The developed method is based on the use of neural networks elements and provides for the control of visible and invisible needle cut in the process of sewing the product. The technical solution of the device provides the ability to visualize the sewing stitch through the use of optoelectronic means and the formation of an electronic database of material properties on-line. The developed method belongs to the class of express methods, provides new technological possibilities for studying the quality of thread compounds and increasing the objectivity of evaluating the characteristics under study. Testing of the proposed technological and technical solutions showed the necessary efficiency and the possibility of practical application of the developed method.
Degradation of Highly Filled Biocomposites Based on Synthetic Polymers and Natural Polysaccharides Under the Action of Climatic Weathering and Biodegradation (Review)
Authors: Zykova A K , Pantyukhov P V , Popov A A
Published: April 2021

The abiotic and biological weathering of highly filled composites based on polyolefins and natural fillers was considered. It was found that majority of studies were devoted to artificial weathering of wood polymer composites (WPC) and its effect on composites properties. The biodegradability investigations of such materials were limited by outdoor weathering and model studies under laboratory conditions. The fungal decay was the main topical issue. In the case of natural filler composites (NFC) the biodegradation studies under the natural and laboratory conditions were discussed wider.
Micromachining of Solid Materials Surfaces in a Mode of Filamentation of Femtosecond Laser Radiation
Authors: Chkalov R V , Chkalova D G
Published: April 2021

This work is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of filamentation of femtosecond laser radiation observed during the propagation of high power density radiation in transparent media. An experimental setup used to generate filaments in air and inside an optically transparent solid medium is shown. Images of obtained filaments of various lengths, as well as the dynamics of their development, are presented in form of graphic materials. The use of laser filaments as a material processing tool provides surface structuring with the formation of a combined micro- and nanoscale relief. The paper shows the application of the above-described processing method by the example of stainless steel surface structuring.
International scientific and practical conference “Ensuring sustainable development in the context of agriculture, green energy, ecology and earth science” (ESDCA 2021)
Authors: Gibadullin Arthur , Sergey Sergey
Published: April 2021

Within the framework of the presented material, the results of the conducted International scientific and practical conference “Ensuring sustainable development in the context of agriculture, green energy, ecology and earth science“ (ESDCA 2021).
Rational use of agricultural lands of the republic of Buryatia
Authors: Imeskenova E G , Komendanova T M , Hamnaeva G G , Mankhanov A D
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the state and rational use of agricultural lands of the republic of Buryatia. It is necessary to implement measures that will ensure the rational use of agricultural lands and preserve the agricultural priorities of sustainable development of the region, restore the productivity of agricultural lands and increase the production of competitive products. In the face of progressive negative processes on the land, disturbances in agrolandscapes caused by shortcomings in the land management system in recent years, one of the main directions for overcoming the land use crisis, improving ecological state of the land should include land management on an ecological-landscape basis with the main principle being the adaptation of production and its territorial structure to the features of the landscape.
Varietal preferences of Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus, 1758 in the Far East South
Authors: Matsishina N V , Sobko O A , Fisenko P V , Murugova G A , Bogdan P M , Klykov A G
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the varietal preference of Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus, 1758 in the Far East South, and describes the phenology of the pest. It was found that the most optimal for the aphids development and nutrition were Primorskaya 40, Khabarovchanka, Primorskaya 39 wheat varieties, as well as barley varieties Primorskiy 89 and Vostochny. The least suitable were the Primorskiy 98 and Primorets barley varieties. Wheat and barley species-specific effects on the Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus, 1758 development and productivity in the Russian Far East South is poorly understood and requires further research.
Increasing the efficiency of using the SUTB technology in the operation of agricultural units
Authors: Ivanov A B , Mishurov N P , Tarkivsky V E , Podolskaya E E
Published: April 2021

The article proposes a method for determining the energy parameters of a machine-tractor unit to increase the efficiency of using the SUTB (shifted-up and throttled-back) technology for stepped transmissions of agricultural tractors. The theoretical substantiation of the new method and the results of practical testing in real field conditions are presented.
Influence of the duration of lactation and the season of the year on the manifestation of diseases that cause culling of animals
Authors: Krupin E O , Zukhrabov M G , Shakirov Sh K , Tagirov M Sh
Published: April 2021

The article describes animal diseases as the reasons for their culling. The number of animals culled from the herd was analyzed depending on the duration of lactation. It was found that in most cases (20.1%) the culled animals had lactation duration close to standard. It was revealed that the largest number of dairy cows, both during the completed lactation and in the first 100 days of lactation, drop out of the herd due to obstetric and gynecological diseases (42.0-45.9%). Internal non-communicable diseases, as a factor in animal retirement, are in second place in terms of prevalence. In the studied population of animals, 30.7-33.4% of cases of culling of animals as a result of these diseases were found. Assessment of the structure of internal non-communicable diseases showed that diseases of the digestive system (40.0-43.1%) and diseases of the respiratory system (36.6-38.4%) prevail among them. Analysis of the seasonality of internal non-communicable diseases showed that most often diseases of the digestive system, respiratory system, metabolism and endocrine organs contribute to the culling of animals in the spring (26.7, 30.0 and 33.3% respectively), and diseases of the cardiovascular system cause the withdrawal of animals in winter (37.7%).
Issues related to UN SDG (2) on food security in the republic of Burundi
Authors: Zacharie Miburo , Lagutkina L Yu , Melnicov A V , Fedorovykh Yu V , Volkova I V , Akhmedzhanova A B
Published: April 2021

In the UN’s humanitarian response plan, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) calls on countries to: support small-scale farmers so that they can increase food production. At the same time, among the 17 goals to transform our world, one of the most important is goal 2: Eliminate hunger, ensure food security and improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture. The main goal of the development of the main sector of agriculture – aquaculture is to provide the population with a variety of safe and environmentally friendly fish food products available to people with different income levels, as well as to meet the needs of neighboring industries in technical products. The fisheries sector plays an important role in the economy of any country. In Africa, aquaculture develops with varying degrees of intensity depending on the region. This review article examines the prospects for the development of sustainable aquaculture in the East African Republic of Burundi, a landlocked developing country that has its own history and traditions in aquaculture. The results of the study of soil characteristics of pond reservoirs that are of fishing significance in the country determined the further development of commercial cultivation and promising aquaculture facilities.
Use of coniferous bio additives for diesel fuel mixture
Authors: Golubev I G , Bolotina M N , Golubev M I , Bykov V V
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the properties of dietary supplements from various vegetable oils. It was found that for mixed diesel fuel, it is possible to use bioadditives from coniferous trees in the form of pine or turpentine oil. It has been established that their addition to commercial fuel in an optimal ratio improves the operational environmental characteristics of a diesel engine. It is noted that a small upgrade of the engine fuel system is required to operate on such a mixed fuel.
Study of the effectiveness of the use of bioflavonoids in the composition of production feeds on the sturgeon physiological state
Authors: Ponomarev S V , Akhmedzhanova A B , Fedorovykh Yu V , Levina O A , Shirina Yu M , Dutikov E A
Published: April 2021

The appearance of new preparations with antioxidant properties allows us to improve the technology of fish feeding and increase the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance. Due to the fact that an important criterion for choosing a feed additive is environmental safety, natural bioantiooxidants of flavonoid nature, in particular dihydroquercetin, isolated from larch wood, are of interest. It is known that dihydroquercetin has capillaroprotective, lymphokinetic and other properties, but it has a low solubility in water (about 1 g/l), which probably limits its pharmacological activity. In a recent study, it was found that the use of dihydroquercetin (DHA) in a composition with plant polysaccharides increases its pharmacological effect, which is associated with an increase in solubility. One of these commonly used polysaccharides is arabinogalactan, also isolated from larch. The scientific and practical significance of the work consists in testing the effectiveness of bioflavonoids in the composition of production feeds for sturgeon fish as sources of antioxidants, immunostimulants and prebiotics.
Bovhyaluronidaze azoximer as an antimicrobial alternative in companion animals
Authors: Nazarova A V , Semenov B S , Kuznetsova T Sh , Kozitcyna A I , Guseva V A , Videnin B N
Published: April 2021

Antimicrobial resistance formation in various bacteria is a serious biosafety threat. In this regard, the important issue in medical and veterinary fields is not only the rational use of antibacterial drugs, but also the search for ways to significantly reduce the need for antibiotics. Three studies designed to research into these challenges are described. The results indicated that (1) the bacteriuria presences in 62.4 +/- 4.1% of urine samples obtained from companion animals (the microflora count in urine samples is estimated from ‘++’ to ‘Entire Field-of-View’); (2) 16.3 +/- 4.0% of samples from companion animals showed bacteria with low antibiotics sensitivity, and 8.1 +/- 3.0% of samples contained bacteria resistant to 30 antibiotics included in the susceptibility test; (3) the Bovhyaluronidaze azoximer reduce antimicrobial therapy duration statistically significant (p=0.0089). The studies were conducted at the facilities of St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine and Bars veterinary clinic chain in St. Petersburg, Russia. A randomized clinical trial of Bovhyaluronidaze azoximer effect on course of disease and treatment duration of acute and chronic prostatitis and urocystitis, including complicated by urolithiasis, was conducted in 54 animals. Animals were randomly assigned to intervention (n=34) and control (n=20) groups. The animals of both groups received the antimicrobial therapy. Interventional group patients additionally received Bovhyaluronidaze azoximer in the form of rectal suppositories. The antimicrobial therapy mean duration in intervention group animals took 14.88 +/- 4.98 days, in control group animals — 18.65 +/- 5.40 days. The study findings imply that bacteriuria is widely prevalent in companion animals and antimicrobial resistance is increasing issue in veterinary medicine. Bovhyaluronidaze azoximer contributes to microcirculation restore and increases the bioavailability of antibacterial drugs at the site of infection. This makes its relevant for use in the complex treatment for septic and inflammatory processes. This allows to reduce the antimicrobial course duration (and completely decline antibiotic therapy in some cases) and prevent the formation of chronic inflammation and infection sites.
Development of diseases early potatoes in the cultivation of two harvests in the conditions of the Moscow region
Authors: Deniskina N F , Ivashova O N , Gasparyan I N , Levshin A G , Dyikanova M E
Published: April 2021

Potatoes are an important crop for the country’s food security. In connection with the warming of the climate, it becomes possible to cultivate two crops of potatoes in one growing season. Potatoes can be affected by numerous diseases, the most dangerous in our zone are Phytophthora infestans and, in recent years, Alternaria. According to various sources, losses amount to 50%. The use of resistant varieties reduces the pesticide load on the crop agrocenosis. The article presents the results of studies of field resistance of different varieties of potatoes to Alternaria and Phytophthora infestans, as well as the use of effective fungicides of systemic action. It was revealed that during the cultivation of two early harvests of potatoes during one growing season, differentiation of diseases occurs in the summer: Alternaria develops during the first planting, and Phytophthora infestansdevelops during the second planting. For the first planting, it is necessary to use varieties resistant to Alternaria (Zhukovsky, Lady Claire, Red Scarlet and Impala), for the second planting, resistant to Phytophthora infestans(Luck). In the system of protective measures, it is necessary to include one treatment with systemic fungicides, it is necessary to take into account the waiting period, as the growing season is short.
The influence of red algae ahnfeltia tobuchiensis on the growth and development of cress salad under protected ground
Authors: Aminina N M , Kirtaeva T N , Kadnikova I A , Goncharenko S I , Elkin O I
Published: April 2021

In the modern world, special attention is paid to the rational use of natural resources and the provision of the population with safe food for health. In this connection, the study of the effectiveness of algae-based fertilizers is a relevant and promising direction, as it allows to reduce chemical pressure on agrobiocenoses. This article presents the results of a study on the effect of fertilization from the red alga Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis on the germination and growth rate of watercress Zabava variety in protected ground conditions. When making anfeltia, it was found that the effectiveness of its use as a fertilizer significantly depends on the size of its particles. The weight of the harvested watercress crop was on average 87% higher compared to the control when using fertilizer with a particle size of 1-5 mm. The rate of development of watercress when using anfelcia with a particle size of 0.25-1.0 mm was at the control level, and the yield weight was 44.5% more than in the control. The minimum crop weight was observed when using fertilizer with a particle size of more than 5 mm. When anfelcia is added as a fertilizer to the soil in the watercress samples, an increase in the content of mineral substances in general and individual elements (potassium, calcium, sodium, manganese, etc.) is noted.
Identification of rare quantitative traits of leaf and a flower in Rosa L. and analysis of correlations
Authors: Kryuchkova V A , Aniskina T S , Pokinchereda A M , Donskih V G
Published: April 2021

The article examines the quantitative traits of leaves and flowers in 49 varieties of roses from the collection of the Tsytsin Main Moscow Botanical Garden of Academy of Sciences. The method for determining the coefficients of originality of Smirnov made it possible to identify unique and typical gradations of traits that are important for directional selection. The varieties Snowflake, Peer Gynt, Akito Blushing, Mainzer Fastnacht, Heidelberg, Troika are the most original in terms of their complex of characteristics. Pearson’s method of correlation analysis showed positive relationships between leaf traits.
Promising varieties of black currant in the phytosanitary technology of the Trans-Urals
Authors: Morkovina V A , Porsev I N , Sozinov A V , Polovnikova V V , Karpova M V
Published: April 2021

Currant is a light-loving and moisture-loving plant. Under natural conditions, it grows on moist soils along the banks of rivers and streams. In collective and private gardens, black currant takes a leading place. On average, over three years of research, a different distribution of the most harmful diseases on currant varieties was noted, which led to a decrease in yield for the Sybille variety to 5.95 t / ha, the variety was in the control group, the Venera variety - 6.09 t / ha, the average yield of the Rusalka variety - 6.76 t / ha, Slavyansk - 7.23 t / ha, Vologda - 7.79 t / ha. A high yield was obtained for the varieties Kushnarenkovskaya - 8.19 t / ha, Dachnitsa - 8.27 t / ha, Relay - 9.26 t / ha. A decrease in the yield of varieties, in addition to weather conditions, is due to different resistance to pests and diseases. Currant varieties were affected to varying degrees by American powdery mildew, anthracnose, septoria blight, goblet and columnar rusts.