bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rapid Detection of Five Estrogens Added Illegally to Dietary Supplements by Combining TLC with Raman Imaging Microscope
Authors: Liang Xin , Li Li , Dong Yan , Dong Wei , Cui Hongxia , Xia Chunhui , Xu Tao , Wang Chaozhong , Zhang Jie , Liu Tingting , Sui Huimin , Gao Chao
Published: April 2022

Estrogens added illegally to dietary supplements are hazardous to human health. Traditional detection and analysis methods have many limitations, and we have developed an assay that combines thin-layer chromatography with Raman imaging microscopy (TLC-RIM). The five estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol, ethinyl estradiol, and diethylstilbestrol) were initially separated by TLC, then detected by area scanning Raman imaging with a 532 nm laser under a microscope. Raman spectra were obtained for each estrogen, which were used for detecting estrogen illegally added to botanical dietary supplements. The LOD of each estrogen was 0.4, 1.0, 0.8, 0.2, and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively. The matrix in the real sample did not interfere with the detection of estrogens. The method was fast, sensitive, stable, specific, and reliable.
Unveiling the Molecular Origin of Vapor-Liquid Phase Transition of Bulk and Confined Fluids
Authors: Jitmitsumphan Sorrasit , Sripetdee Tirayoot , Chaimueangchuen Tharathep , Tun Htet Myet , Chinkanjanarot Sorayot , Klomkliang Nikom , Srinives Sira , Jonglertjunya Woranart , Ling Tau Chuan , Phadungbut Poomiwat
Published: April 2022

At temperatures below the critical temperature, discontinuities in the isotherms are one critical issue in the design and construction of separation units, affecting the level of confidence for a prediction of vapor–liquid equilibriums and phase transitions. In this work, we study the molecular mechanisms of fluids that involve the vapor–liquid phase transition in bulk and confinement, utilizing grand canonical (GCE) and meso-canonical (MCE) ensembles of the Monte Carlo simulation. Different geometries of the mesopores, including slit, cylindrical, and spherical, were studied. During phase transitions, condensation/evaporation hysteretic isotherms can be detected by GCE simulation, whereas employing MCE simulation allows us to investigate van der Waals (vdW) loop with a vapor spinodal point, intermediate states, and a liquid spinodal point in the isotherms. Depending on the system, the size of the simulation box, and the MCE method, we are able to identify three distinct groups of vdW-type isotherms for the first time: (1) a smooth S-shaped loop, (2) a stepwise S-shaped loop, and (3) a stepwise S-shaped loop with just a vertical segment. The first isotherm type is noticed in the bulk and pores having small box sizes, in which vapor and liquid phases are close and not clearly identified. The second and the third types occurred in the bulk, cylindrical, and slit mesopores with sufficiently large spaces, where vapor and liquid phases are distinctly separated. Results from our studies provide an insight analysis into vapor–liquid phase transitions, elucidating the effect of the confinement of fluid behaviors in a visual manner.
Stress-Relieving Effects of Sesame Oil Aroma and Identification of the Active Components
Authors: Takemoto Hiroaki , Saito Yuki , Misumi Kei , Nagasaki Masaki , Masuo Yoshinori
Published: April 2022

(1) Sesame oil aroma has stress-relieving properties, but there is little information on its effective use and active ingredients. (2) Methods: ICR male mice were housed under water-immersion stress for 24 h. Then, the scent of sesame oil or a typical ingredient was inhaled to the stress groups for 30, 60, or 90 min. We investigated the effects of sesame oil aroma on mice behavior and the expression of the dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) gene, a candidate stress marker gene in the brain. (3) Results: In an elevated plus-maze test, the rate of entering into the open arm of a maze and the staying time were increased to a maximum after 60 min of inhalation, but these effects decreased 90 min after inhalation. As for the single component, anxiolytic effects were observed in the 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-methoxy phenol group, but the effect was weakened in the furfuryl mercaptan group. The expression levels of DUSP1 in the hippocampus and striatum were significantly decreased in 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-methoxy phenol groups. (4) Conclusions: We clarified the active ingredients and optimal concentrations of sesame oil for its sedative effect. In particular, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-methoxy phenol significantly suppressed the stress-induced changes in the expression of DUSP1, which are strong anti-stress agents. Our results suggest that these molecules may be powerful anti-stress agents.
Density Functional Theory Approach to the Vibrational Properties and Magnetic Specific Heat of the Covalent Chain Antiferromagnet KFeS2
Authors: Kiiamov Airat , Kuznetsov Maxim , Croitori Dorina , Filippova Irina , Tsurkan Vladimir , Krug von Nidda Hans-Albrecht , Seidov Zakir , Mayr Franz , Widmann Sebastian , Vagizov Farit , Tayurskii Dmitrii , Tagirov Lenar
Published: April 2022

Ternary potassium-iron sulfide, KFeS2, belongs to the family of highly anisotropic quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnets with unusual “anti-Curie–Weiss” susceptibility, quasi-linearly growing with a rising temperature up to 700 K, an almost vanishing magnetic contribution to the specific heat, drastically reduced magnetic moment, etc. While some of the measurements can be satisfactorily described, the deficiency of the entropy changes upon the magnetic transition and the spin state of the iron ion remains a challenge for the further understanding of magnetism. In this work, high-quality single-crystalline samples of KFeS2 were grown by the Bridgman method, and their stoichiometry, crystal structure, and absence of alien magnetic phases were checked, utilizing wave-length dispersive X-ray electron-probe microanalysis, powder X-ray diffraction, and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, respectively. An ab initio approach was developed to calculate the thermodynamic properties of KFeS2. The element-specific phonon modes and their density of states (PDOS) were calculated applying the density functional theory in the DFT + U version, which explicitly takes into account the on-site Coulomb repulsion U of electrons and their exchange interaction J. The necessary calibration of the frequency scale was carried out by comparison with the experimental iron PDOS derived from the inelastic nuclear scattering experiment. The infrared absorption measurements confirmed the presence of two high-frequency peaks consistent with the calculated PDOS. The calibrated PDOS allowed the calculation of the lattice contribution to the specific heat of KFeS2 by direct summation over the phonon modes without approximations and adjustable parameters. The temperature-dependent magnetic specific heat evaluated by subtraction of the calculated phonon contribution from the experimental specific heat provides a lower boundary for estimating the reduced spin state of the iron ion.
In Vitro and In Vivo Biocompatibility Studies on Engineered Fabric with Graphene Nanoplatelets
Authors: Fanizza Carla , Stefanelli Mara , Risuglia Anna , Bruni Erika , Ietto Federica , Incoronato Federica , Marra Fabrizio , Preziosi Adele , Mancini Patrizia , Sarto Maria Sabrina , Uccelletti Daniela
Published: April 2022

To produce clothes made with engineered fabrics to monitor the physiological parameters of workers, strain sensors were produced by depositing two different types of water-based inks (P1 and P2) suitably mixed with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on a fabric. We evaluated the biocompatibility of fabrics with GNPs (GNP fabric) through in vitro and in vivo assays. We investigated the effects induced on human keratinocytes by the eluates extracted from GNP fabrics by the contact of GNP fabrics with cells and by seeding keratinocytes directly onto the GNP fabrics using a cell viability test and morphological analysis. Moreover, we evaluated in vivo possible adverse effects of the GNPs using the model system Caenorhabditis elegans. Cell viability assay, morphological analysis and Caenorhabditis elegans tests performed on smart fabric treated with P2 (P2GNP fabric) did not show significant differences when compared with their respective control samples. Instead, a reduction in cell viability and changes in the membrane microvilli structure were found in cells incubated with smart fabric treated with P1. The results were helpful in determining the non-toxic properties of the P2GNP fabric. In the future, therefore, graphene-based ink integrated into elastic fabric will be developed for piezoresistive sensors.
Radiation-Induced Nucleation and Growth of CaSi2 Crystals, Both Directly during the Epitaxial CaF2 Growth and after the CaF2 Film Formation
Authors: Dvurechenskii Anatoly V. , Kacyuba Aleksey V. , Kamaev Gennadiy N. , Volodin Vladimir A. , Smagina Zhanna V.
Published: April 2022

The radiation-induced phenomena of CaSi2 crystal growth were investigated, both directly during the epitaxial CaF2 growth on Si (111) and film irradiation with fast electrons on Si (111) after its formation, while maintaining the specified film thickness, substrate temperature and radiation dose. Irradiation in the process of the epitaxial CaF2 film growth leads to the formation of CaSi2 nanowhiskers with an average size of 5 µm oriented along the direction <110>. The electron irradiation of the formed film, under similar conditions, leads to the homogeneous nucleation of CaSi2 crystals and their proliferation as inclusions in the CaF2 film. It is shown that both approaches lead to the formation of CaSi2 crystals of the 3R polymorph in the irradiated region of a 10 nm thick CaF2 layer.
Controlling Tunneling Characteristics via Bias Voltage in Bilayer Graphene/WS2/Metal Heterojunctions
Authors: Bai Zongqi , Zhang Sen , Xiao Yang , Li Miaomiao , Luo Fang , Li Jie , Qin Shiqiao , Peng Gang
Published: April 2022

Van der Waals heterojunctions, formed by stacking two-dimensional materials with various structural and electronic properties, opens a new way to design new functional devices for future applications and provides an ideal research platform for exploring novel physical phenomena. In this work, bilayer graphene/WS2/metal heterojunctions (GWMHs) with vertical architecture were designed and fabricated. The tunneling current–bias voltage (It − Vb) properties of GWMHs can be tuned by 5 × 106 times in magnitude for current increasing from 0.2 nA to 1 mA with applied bias voltage increasing from 10 mV to 2 V. Moreover, the transfer properties of GWMHs exhibit n-type conduction at Vb = 0.1 V and bipolar conduction at Vb = 2 V; these findings are explained well by direct tunneling (DT) and Fowler–Nordheim tunneling (FNT), respectively. The results show the great potential of GWMHs for high-power field-effect transistors (FETs) and next-generation logic electronic devices.
Towards Secure Searchable Electronic Health Records Using Consortium Blockchain
Authors: Alsayegh Muneera , Moulahi Tarek , Alabdulatif Abdulatif , Lorenz Pascal
Published: April 2022

There are significant data privacy implications associated with Electronic Health Records (EHRs) sharing among various untrusted healthcare entities. Recently, a blockchain-based EHRs sharing system has provided many benefits. Decentralization, anonymity, unforgeability, and verifiability are all unique properties of blockchain technology. In this paper, we propose a secure, blockchain-based EHR sharing system. After receiving the data owner’s authorization, the data requester can use the data provider’s keyword search to discover relevant EHRs on the EHR consortium blockchain and obtain the re-encryption ciphertext from the proxy server. To attain privacy, access control and data security, the proposed technique uses asymmetric searchable encryption and conditional proxy re-encryption. Likewise, proof of permission serves in consortium blockchains as the consensus method to ensure the system’s availability. The proposed protocol can achieve the specified security goals, according to the security analysis. In addition, we simulate basic cryptography and put the developed protocol into practice on the Ethereum platform. The analysis results suggest that the developed protocol is computationally efficient.
Absence of Polymorphisms in Codons 167, 198 and 200 of All Seven β-Tubulin Isotypes of Benzimidazole Susceptible and Resistant Parascaris spp. Specimens from Australia
Authors: Özben Murat , von Samson-Himmelstjerna Georg , Freiin von Streit Malene K. B. , Wilkes Edwina J. A. , Hughes Kristopher J. , Krücken Jürgen
Published: April 2022

Benzimidazoles resistance is widespread in strongyle parasitic nematodes and associated with polym orphisms in the codons 167, 198 and 200 of isotype 1 β-tubulin (tbb-1). In ascarids, benzimidazole (BZ) resistance has rarely been reported and in none of these cases were any of these polymorphisms detected. Here, available genome and transcriptome data from WormBase ParaSite were used to compare the complete β-tubulin reservoirs of Parascaris univalens, Ascaris suum and Ascaris lumbricoides. Adult Parascaris spp. specimens collected in Australia from horses after BZ treatment (susceptible, n = 13) or surviving BZ treatment and collected after ivermectin treatment (resistant, n = 10) were genotyped regarding codons 167, 198 and 200 using Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses clearly showed that there are no one-to-one ascarid orthologs of strongyle tbb-1 genes. In the reference genomes, as well as phenotypically susceptible and resistant Parascaris spp. from Australia, six out of seven β-tubulin genes showed a BZ-susceptible genotype (F167, E198, F200). The only exception were the testis-specific β-tubulin D genes from all three ascarid species that encode tyrosine at codon 200. This was observed independently of the BZ-susceptibility phenotype of Parascaris spp. These data suggest that different mechanisms lead to BZ resistance in ascarid and strongyle nematodes.
Sagnac Loop Based Sensing System for Intrusion Localization Using Machine Learning
Authors: Esmail Maged A. , Ali Jameel , Almohimmah Esam , Almaiman Ahmed , Ragheb Amr M. , Alshebeili Saleh
Published: April 2022

Among all optical sensing techniques, the distributed Sagnac loop (SI) sensor has the advantage of being simple to implement with low cost. Most of the proposed techniques for using SI exploit the frequency null method for event localization. However, such a technique suffers from the low spectrum signal power, complicating event localization under environmental noise. In this work, event localization using time-domain instead of frequency null signals is achieved using machine learning (ML), which is increasingly being exploited in many science fields, including sensing applications. First, a training dataset that includes 200 events is generated over a 50 km effective sensing fiber. These time-domain signals are considered as features for training the ML algorithm. Then, the random forest (RF) ML algorithm is used to develop a model for event location prediction. The results show the capability of ML in predicting the event’s location with 55 m mean absolute error (MAE). Further, the percentage of test realizations with prediction error > 200 m is 0.7%. The sensing signal bandwidth is investigated, showing better performance results for sensing signals of larger bandwidths. Finally, the proposed model is validated experimentally. The results showed good accuracy with MAE < 100 m.
Review of a Specialty Fiber for Distributed Acoustic Sensing Technology
Authors: Sun Yixiang , Li Hao , Fan Cunzheng , Yan Baoqiang , Chen Junfeng , Yan Zhijun , Sun Qizhen
Published: April 2022

Specialty fibers have introduced new levels of flexibility and variability in distributed fiber sensing applications. In particular, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) systems utilized] the unique functions of specialty fibers to achieve performance enhancements in various distributed sensing applications. This paper provides an overview of recent preparations and developments of specialty-fiber-based DAS systems and their sensing applications. The specialty-fiber-based DAS systems are categorized and reviewed based on the differences in scattering enhancement and methods of preparation. The prospects of using specialty fibers for DAS systems are also discussed.
Forage Yield, Canopy Characteristics, and Radiation Interception of Ten Alfalfa Varieties in an Arid Environment
Authors: Jia Xitao , Zhang Zhixin , Wang Yanrong
Published: April 2022

An increasing demand for new and improved livestock forage products is driving the development of forage systems in arid regions. Our study evaluated the productivity of 10 alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties and the relationship between forage yield and canopy structure traits, such as plant height, branch number, stem/leaf ratio, and leaf area index in the arid Hexi Corridor, north-west China. Here, plant height, primary branch number per plant, and stem/leaf ratio were positively correlated with forage yield. In terms of a two-year total yield, Gannong No. 5 produced the highest value (13,923 kg ha−1), followed by the WL342HQ (12,409 kg ha−1), Phabulous (11,928 kg ha−1), and Xinjiang Daye (11,416 kg ha−1) varieties. Therefore, these four alfalfa varieties are suitable for large-scale cultivation in the Hexi Corridor region and other arid areas where the effect of precipitation is even larger than that of temperature. These results provide valuable information for the selection and cultivation of alfalfa varieties, which could improve forage yield and the production of livestock in arid regions.
An Overview of Cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy Techniques for Plant Imaging
Authors: Wightman Raymond
Published: April 2022

Many research questions require the study of plant morphology, in particular cells and tissues, as close to their native context as possible and without physical deformations from some preparatory chemical reagents or sample drying. Cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryoSEM) involves rapid freezing and maintenance of the sample at an ultra-low temperature for detailed surface imaging by a scanning electron beam. The data are useful for exploring tissue/cell morphogenesis, plus an additional cryofracture/cryoplaning/milling step gives information on air and water spaces as well as subcellular ultrastructure. This review gives an overview from sample preparation through to imaging and a detailed account of how this has been applied across diverse areas of plant research. Future directions and improvements to the technique are discussed.
Effective Pollen-Fertility Restoration Is the Basis of Hybrid Rye Production and Ergot Mitigation
Authors: Miedaner Thomas , Korzun Viktor , Wilde Peer
Published: April 2022

Hybrid rye breeding leads to considerably higher grain yield and a higher revenue to the farmer. The basis of hybrid seed production is the CMS-inducing Pampa (P) cytoplasm derived from an Argentinean landrace and restorer-to-fertility (Rf) genes. European sources show an oligogenic inheritance, with major and minor Rf genes, and mostly result in low-to-moderate pollen-fertility levels. This results in higher susceptibility to ergot (Claviceps purpurea) because rye pollen and ergot spores are in strong competition for the unfertilized stigma. Rf genes from non-adapted Iranian primitive rye and old Argentinean cultivars proved to be most effective. The major Rf gene in these sources was localized on chromosome 4RL, which is also a hotspot of restoration in other Triticeae. Marker-based introgression into elite rye materials led to a yield penalty and taller progenies. The Rfp1 gene of IRAN IX was fine-mapped, and two linked genes of equal effects were detected. Commercial hybrids with this gene showed a similar low ergot infection when compared with population cultivars. The task of the future is to co-adapt these exotic Rfp genes to European elite gene pools by genomic-assisted breeding.
Chemical Structure, Sources and Role of Bioactive Flavonoids in Cancer Prevention: A Review
Authors: Drețcanu Georgiana , Știrbu Ioana , Leoplold Nicolae , Cruceriu Daniel , Danciu Corina , Stănilă Andreea , Fărcaș Anca , Borda Ileana Monica , Iuhas Cristian , Diaconeasa Zorița
Published: April 2022

There has been a major shift in the collective mindset around the world in recent decades, both in terms of food and in terms of the treatment of chronic diseases. Increasing numbers of people are choosing to prevent rather than treat, which is why many consumers are choosing plant-based diets, mainly due to their bioactive compounds. A significant case of bioactive compound is flavonoids—a wide subclass of an even wider class of phytochemicals: polyphenols. Flavonoids are a broad topic of study for researchers due to their potential in the prevention and treatment of a broad range of cancers. The aim of this review is to inform/update the reader on the diversity, accessibility and importance of flavonoids as biomolecules that are essential for optimal health, focusing on the potential of these compounds in the prevention of various types of cancer. Along with conventional sources, this review presents some of the possible methods for obtaining significant amounts of flavonoids based on a slightly different approach, genetic manipulation.
A Facile and Cost-Effective Method to Prepare Biodegradable Poly(ester urethane)s with Ordered Aliphatic Hard-Segments for Promising Medical Application as Long-Term Implants
Authors: Bi Jingjing , Liu Yifan , Liu Jiaxu
Published: April 2022

The article below describes a simple methodology to prepare cost-effective biodegradable poly(ester urethane)s (PEUs) with ordered hard segments (OHS) for medical application as long-term implants. A low-cost diurethane diol (1,4-butanediol-hexanediisocyanate-1,4-butanediol, BHB) was first designed and synthesized. Consequently, the BHB was employed as a chain extender to react with NCO-terminated poly(ε-caprolactone) to obtain PEUs. The molecular structural formats for BHB and PEUs were defined through NMR, FT-IR, and MS together with GPC, while the influence of OHS content on physical/chemical features for casted PEU films was investigated. The introduction of OHS could contribute to forming denser hydrogen-bonds, and consequently produce a compact network structure, resulting in great tensile capacity, low water absorption, and slow hydrolytic degradation rate by PEU films. PEU-2.0 films, which possessed the highest OHS content within PEUs, exhibited 40.6 MPa tensile strength together with 477% elongation at break, 4.3 wt % equilibrium water absorption and only 29.5% weight loss post-12 months’ degradation. In addition, cytotoxicity analysis of film extracts indicated that the cell viability of all PEUs containing OHS exceeded 75%, indicating good cytocompatibility. Due to outstanding tensile features, high biostability, nontoxic and absorbable degradation products and acceptable cytocompatibility, the cost-effective materials exhibited promising applications in the field of long-term implants.
A Review of Numerical Research on the Pressure Swing Adsorption Process
Authors: Zhang Runye , Shen Yuanhui , Tang Zhongli , Li Wenbin , Zhang Donghui
Published: April 2022

The pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process has been considered a promising method for gas separation and purification. However, experimental methods are time-consuming, and it is difficult to obtain the detailed changes in variables in the PSA process. This review focuses on the numerical research developed to realize the modelling, optimization and control of the cyclic PSA process. A complete one-dimensional mathematical model, including adsorption bed, auxiliary devices, boundary conditions and performance indicators, is summarized as a general modelling approach. Key simplified assumptions and special treatments for energy balance are discussed for model reliability. Numerical optimization models and control strategies are reviewed for the PSA process as well. Relevant attention is given to the combination of deep-learning technology with artificial-intelligence-based optimization algorithms and advanced control strategies. Challenges to further improvements in the adsorbent database establishment, multiscale computational mass transfer model, large-scale PSA facility design, numerical computations and algorithm robustness are identified.
Using School Systems as a Hub for Risk and Disaster Management: A Case Study of Greece
Authors: Kalogiannidis Stavros , Toska Ermelinda , Chatzitheodoridis Fotios , Kalfas Dimitrios
Published: April 2022

The link between climate change and growing poverty levels makes communities more vulnerable to catastrophes, reducing community resilience to disaster consequences. Development practitioners, planners, and researchers must find novel techniques to build community resilience in the face of an ever-growing hazard in such a circumstance with a spectrum of risk and catastrophe. As a result, the focus of this study was on how school systems, as significant social institutions, might effectively minimize disaster risk in communities. People’s standards, beliefs, and behaviors are greatly influenced by societal institutions. After the family, the school is the second most significant socializing institution, in charge of shaping people’s attitudes, knowledge, behaviors, specialized skills, and values in order to ensure social conformity. The prospect of using school systems to increase catastrophe risk reduction in poor areas of Greece was specifically addressed in this study. The study confirmed that the school curriculum has a positive and significant relationship with disaster risk management. Many advantages are realized, according to the research, if catastrophe risk mitigation is made a priority in Greece’s educational systems. Learning about ideas such as civil protection and incorporating disaster risk management into school curricula are both viewed as vital in enhancing disaster risk management.
Trust in and Risk of Technology in Organizational Digitalization
Authors: Bencsik Andrea , Hargitai Dávid Máté , Kulachinskaya Anastasia
Published: April 2022

Organizational transformation for digitalization is a daily challenge for organizations. Successful change can be defined as the combined result of a number of factors, in which the attitude, trust and/or distrust of employees towards technology is of paramount importance. The aim of this study was to explore which factors most influence employees’ trust in technology and how the risk they pose can be mitigated. The quantitative research analyzed 473 respondents (Smart PLS3, using SEM model) and came to the following conclusions. Employees’ trust in technology depends primarily on the supportive role of management, and to a lesser extent on the digital readiness of the company and the training provided in the organization. The supportive role of management is a key element in the model, as it affects trust not only in a direct way, but also indirectly, through several pathways in the model. This means that the supportive role of leadership is clearly a decisive influence and its importance helps to assess the risk of trust or lack of trust.
Process-Driven Modelling of Media Forensic Investigations-Considerations on the Example of DeepFake Detection
Authors: Kraetzer Christian , Siegel Dennis , Seidlitz Stefan , Dittmann Jana
Published: April 2022

Academic research in media forensics mainly focuses on methods for the detection of the traces or artefacts left by media manipulations in media objects. While the resulting detectors often achieve quite impressive detection performances, when tested under lab conditions, hardly any of those have yet come close to the ultimate benchmark for any forensic method, which would be courtroom readiness. This paper tries first to facilitate the different stakeholder perspectives in this field and then to partly address the apparent gap between the academic research community and the requirements imposed onto forensic practitioners. The intention is to facilitate the mutual understanding of these two classes of stakeholders and assist with first steps intended at closing this gap. To do so, first a concept for modelling media forensic investigation pipelines is derived from established guidelines. Then, the applicability of such modelling is illustrated on the example of a fusion-based media forensic investigation pipeline aimed at the detection of DeepFake videos using five exemplary detectors (hand-crafted, in one case neural network supported) and testing two different fusion operators. At the end of the paper, the benefits of such a planned realisation of AI-based investigation methods are discussed and generalising effects are mapped out.
Fourier Domain Mode Locked Laser and Its Applications
Authors: Huang Dongmei , Shi Yihuan , Li Feng , Wai P. K. A.
Published: April 2022

The sweep rate of conventional short-cavity lasers with an intracavity-swept filter is limited by the buildup time of laser signals from spontaneous emissions. The Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) laser was proposed to overcome the limitations of buildup time by inserting a long fiber delay in the cavity to store the whole swept signal and has attracted much interest in both theoretical and experimental studies. In this review, the theoretical models to understand the dynamics of the FDML laser and the experimental techniques to realize high speed, wide sweep range, long coherence length, high output power and highly stable swept signals in FDML lasers will be discussed. We will then discuss the applications of FDML lasers in optical coherence tomography (OCT), fiber sensing, precision measurement, microwave generation and nonlinear microscopy.
Analytical Model of Eccentric Induction Machines Using the Conformal Winding Tensor Approach
Authors: Terron-Santiago Carla , Martinez-Roman Javier , Puche-Panadero Ruben , Sapena-Bano Angel , Burriel-Valencia Jordi , Pineda-Sanchez Manuel
Published: April 2022

Induction machines (IMs) are a critical component of many industrial processes, and their failure can cause large economic losses. Condition-based maintenance systems (CBMs) that are capable of detecting their failures at an incipient stage can reduce these risks by continuously monitoring the IMs’ condition. The development and reliable operations of CBMs systems require rapid modeling of the faulty IM. Due to the fault-induced IM asymmetries, these models are much more complex than those used for a healthy IM. In particular, a mixed eccentricity fault (static and dynamic), which can degenerate into rubbing and destruction of the rotor, produces a non-uniform IM air gap that is different for each rotor position, which makes its very difficult to calculate the IM’s inductance matrix. In this work, a new analytical model of an eccentric IM is presented. It is based on the winding tensor approach, which allows a clear separation between the air gap and winding-related faults. Contrary to previous approaches, where complex expressions have been developed for obtaining mutual inductances between conductors and windings of an eccentric IM, a conformal transformation is proposed in this work, which allows using the simple inductance expressions of a healthy IM. This novel conformal winding tensor approach (CWFA) is theoretically explained and validated with the diagnosis of two commercial IMs with a mixed eccentricity fault.
A New Adaptive GCC Method and Its Application to Slug Flow Velocity Measurement in Small Channels
Authors: Xia Hua , Huang Junchao , Ji Haifeng , Wang Baoliang , Huang Zhiyao
Published: April 2022

In this work, an adaptive generalized cross-correlation (AGCC) method is proposed that focuses on the problem of the conventional cross-correlation method not effectively realizing the time delay estimation of signals with strong periodicity. With the proposed method, the periodicity of signals is judged and the center frequencies of the strongly periodical components are determined through the spectral analysis of the input signals. Band-stop filters that are used to suppress the strongly periodical components are designed and the mutual power spectral density of the input signals that is processed by the band-stop filters is calculated. Then, the cross-correlation function that is processed is the inverse Fourier transform of the mutual power spectral density. Finally, the time delay is estimated by seeking the peak position of the processed cross-correlation function. Simulation experiments and practical velocity measurement experiments were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed AGCC method. The experimental results showed that the new AGCC method could effectively realize the time delay estimation of signals with strong periodicity. In the simulation experiments, the new method could realize the effective time delay estimation of signals with strong periodicity when the energy ratio of the strongly periodical component to the aperiodic component was under 150. Meanwhile, the cross-correlation method and other generalized cross-correlation methods fail in time delay estimation when the energy ratio is higher than 30. In the practical experiments, the velocity measurement of slug flow with strong periodicity was implemented in small channels with inner diameters of 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm and 3.0 mm. With the proposed method, the relative errors of the velocity measurement were less than 4.50%.
Identifying Individuals Who Currently Report Feelings of Anxiety Using Walking Gait and Quiet Balance: An Exploratory Study Using Machine Learning
Authors: Stark Maggie , Huang Haikun , Yu Lap-Fai , Martin Rebecca , McCarthy Ryan , Locke Emily , Yager Chelsea , Torad Ahmed Ali , Kadry Ahmed Mahmoud , Elwan Mostafa Ali , Smith Matthew Lee , Bradley Dylan , Boolani Ali
Published: April 2022

Literature suggests that anxiety affects gait and balance among young adults. However, previous studies using machine learning (ML) have only used gait to identify individuals who report feeling anxious. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify individuals who report feeling anxious at that time using a combination of gait and quiet balance ML. Using a cross-sectional design, participants (n = 88) completed the Profile of Mood Survey-Short Form (POMS-SF) to measure current feelings of anxiety and were then asked to complete a modified Clinical Test for Sensory Interaction in Balance (mCTSIB) and a two-minute walk around a 6 m track while wearing nine APDM mobility sensors. Results from our study finds that Random Forest classifiers had the highest median accuracy rate (75%) and the five top features for identifying anxious individuals were all gait parameters (turn angles, variance in neck, lumbar rotation, lumbar movement in the sagittal plane, and arm movement). Post-hoc analyses suggest that individuals who reported feeling anxious also walked using gait patterns most similar to older individuals who are fearful of falling. Additionally, we find that individuals who are anxious also had less postural stability when they had visual input; however, these individuals had less movement during postural sway when visual input was removed.
Follow-Up CT Patterns of Residual Lung Abnormalities in Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia Survivors: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Besutti Giulia , Monelli Filippo , Schirò Silvia , Milone Francesca , Ottone Marta , Spaggiari Lucia , Facciolongo Nicola , Salvarani Carlo , Croci Stefania , Pattacini Pierpaolo , Sverzellati Nicola
Published: April 2022

Prior studies variably reported residual chest CT abnormalities after COVID-19. This study evaluates the CT patterns of residual abnormalities in severe COVID-19 pneumonia survivors. All consecutive COVID-19 survivors who received a CT scan 5–7 months after severe pneumonia in two Italian hospitals (Reggio Emilia and Parma) were enrolled. Individual CT findings were retrospectively collected and follow-up CT scans were categorized as: resolution, residual non-fibrotic abnormalities, or residual fibrotic abnormalities according to CT patterns classified following standard definitions and international guidelines. In 225/405 (55.6%) patients, follow-up CT scans were normal or barely normal, whereas in 152/405 (37.5%) and 18/405 (4.4%) patients, non-fibrotic and fibrotic abnormalities were respectively found, and 10/405 (2.5%) had post-ventilatory changes (cicatricial emphysema and bronchiectasis in the anterior regions of upper lobes). Among non-fibrotic changes, either barely visible (n = 110/152) or overt (n = 20/152) ground-glass opacities (GGO), resembling non-fibrotic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) with or without organizing pneumonia features, represented the most common findings. The most frequent fibrotic abnormalities were subpleural reticulation (15/18), traction bronchiectasis (16/18) and GGO (14/18), resembling a fibrotic NSIP pattern. When multiple timepoints were available until 12 months (n = 65), residual abnormalities extension decreased over time. NSIP, more frequently without fibrotic features, represents the most common CT appearance of post-severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
Generalised Additive Model Improves Estimates of Vibrio Species Abundance in Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 Biofloc Production System
Authors:   Institute of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo, Philippines, DEQUITO ANGEL QUEENEE DAYTIC , CORRE VALERIANO JR , ABACAN ELFRED JOHN
Published: April 2022

Environmental factors influence the abundance of Vibrio species in shrimp culture systems. Prediction of the abundance of presumptive Vibrio species can help prevent the occurrence of bacterial diseases as this will provide insights about when and which environmental factors to manage. In this study, the parametric linear regression model (LRM) and negative binomial model (NBM), and semiparametric generalised additive model (GAM) were used to identify correlations and predict changes of Vibrio abundance with physicochemical and biological water parameters. Water parameters were recorded from three 300 m2 biofloc ponds stocked with Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931, at 500 individuals.m-3 over four culture run periods. Each culture run lasted for 16 weeks. Imputed data were initially subjected to univariate analysis and Pearson’s correlation analysis. The abundance of presumptive Vibrio species was found to be highly correlated with alkalinity, pH, and phytoplankton density. GAM performed best among the three models based on Akaike’s information criterion (AIC), having the smallest value of 5,743.222 compared to 6,572.014 and 5,857.997 values for ordinary LRM and NBM, respectively. It also had the largest deviance explained statistic with 41.2 % of the deviance reduced by including the predictors compared with ordinary LRM and NBM with only 16.04 % and 14.5 % deviance reduced, respectively. GAM introduced flexibility that predicts the dependent variable better in terms of statistical significance than LRM and NBM. It is important to consider using a semiparametric modelling approach as a tool for aquaculture management.
Strategi Pemasaran Media Sosial Destinasi Pariwisata Menggunakan Pendekatan SOSTAC
Authors: Hidayah Nurdin , Sopian Tatang , Aziz M. Nauval  , Feby Nur Ikrawardani  , Flavia Domitilla Fausta  , Inggit Salsabila Putri  , M. Hafidz Annazly  , Salma Nabila M
Published: April 2022

This study aims to optimize the social media performance of the Lebak Regency Culture and Tourism Office through the preparation of a social media marketing strategic plan. The research method uses an exploratory method with a qualitative approach. The data were obtained by conducting interviews with key informants, major informants and supporting informants using criterion sampling technique. Observations, document reviews, and literature studies were also carried out to confirm the validity of the data by triangulation. Data were analyzed using analytical techniques in accordance with the stages of social media marketing planning using the SOSTAC approach with SWOT analysis and social media analysis tools, namely Hootsuit, Socialblade, Facebook Analytic, Instagram Insight, and Youtube Studio (Youtube Analytic). This study produced 15 strategies, 21 tactics, and 24 action plans for social media marketing strategic plan.
MEMBINA PENGHARAPAN UMAT KATOLIK DI TENGAH PANDEMI
Authors: Kareli Vincentius Yossy , Firmanto Antonius Denny , Aluwesia Nanik Wijiyati
Published: April 2022

The discussion of the Church's Hope on Eternal Life is a very interesting topic to explore during this pandemic situation which has taken many lives every second. This theme is very close to human life. The problem to be discussed into this research is, to begin with about how Catholics are in their faith relationship. Furthermore, is about how Christians embrace the COVID-19 pandemic situation and involves other people around them doing the same. For eternal life which has been for them since baptism is not a promise in vain. It takes effort and cares to grow it all. These problems were discussed using qualitative research methods with respondents who came from various backgrounds of age, occupation, place of residence, and status of their involvement in church life. The finding of this study is that Catholics manifest their faith by doing positive activities that involve others such as sharing positive experiences, struggles, and strengthening spiritual life. In addition, to embrace this pandemic, Catholics raise awareness of Christian solidarity, because for a member of the Church, faith must not be individualistic. To sum up, Spe Salvi's encyclical helps people open and lift themselves from the trap of despair and stand firm of their faith. Thus contemplation of actions and contemplated actions becomes a powerful weapon to spread Catholicism during this pandemic.
PERAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KATOLIK DALAM MEMERANGI RADIKALISME DI SMP SWASTA SANTO XAVERIUS 2 KABANJAHE
Authors: Batu Johannes Sohirimon Lumban , Sihotang Din Oloan
Published: April 2022

This study aims to describe the role of Catholic religious education teachers in countering religious radicalism at Private Junior High School Santo Xaverius 2 Kabanjahe. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach. The data of this study were sourced from the results of interviews and observations. The subjects in this study were 2 teachers of Catholicism and 60 students from grades VII, VIII and IX. The interview data that was explored was how the strategies used by the teacher were to shape the character of good students in order to avoid radical understanding. Observation data comes from activities carried out by teachers of Catholic education subjects during the learning process in class. The data were then analyzed using the data reduction stage, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of the study found that the role of Catholic religious teachers to shape students' character as a strategy against religious radicalism were: a) teaching religious education in schools, b) cooperating with parents or guardians of students in educating religious materials in the family, and c) cooperating with deacon of the Church.
REFLEKSI KRITIS TERHADAP KARYA KESELAMATAN ALLAH DALAM KERANGKA HISTORIS KITAB SUCI PERJANJIAN LAMA
Authors: Agnes Ranubaya Fransesco , Tri Wardoyo Gregorius
Published: April 2022

The focus of the study discussed is the work of God's salvation in a historical framework. In the context of the Old Testament, all events, both wars and trials faced by the Israelites, were God's plans that had been prepared. The historical God is present in the form of justice which ultimately provides salvation for mankind. The writing of this scientific paper uses the method of critical analysis with reflection and relevance through the correspondence truth test. The purpose of writing this article is to take a deeper look at how great and extraordinary the works of God's salvation were in the history of the people of Israel. Furthermore, it is also explained how God makes various efforts so that His chosen people are always directed to Him, things that make the Israelites fall into sin and come to a reflection on God's loving works of salvation in forgiving people's sins. This article outlines how deep God's love for the Israelites is in the life history of God's chosen nation. The benefit of writing this article is to reflect more deeply that God's love is so real in human life.
MODERASI BERAGAMA DAN RELEVANSINYA UNTUK PENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH KATOLIK
Authors: Hatmoko Tomas Lastari , Mariani Yovita Kurnia
Published: April 2022

The diversity of religions, beliefs, ethnicities, languages, and cultures shows that Indonesia is so rich and beautiful. However, waves of radicalism or religious fundamentalism that leads to conflict and violence have continued to spread over the years in the world, including Indonesia. Radicalism that breeds intolerance is a threat to the integrity of the nation. Since 2019 the government through the minister of religion has paid attention to building a religious moderation program in Indonesia. Religious moderation is a government program that is always actual for the Indonesian people. The Indonesian Catholic Church takes part in spreading the values ​​of religious moderation especially through education.  The purpose of this study is to explore the values of the diversity in Indonesia, religious moderation, and application in the Catholic Schools. In developing this paper, the author uses the literature study method. The Catholic religious education in schools is a way to educate children to believe, without going to extremes
Creating a questionnaire on transforming pedagogues' labour behaviour in the digital information environment
Authors: Patrakov Eduard V.
Published: April 2022

The intensive digitalisation of education has generated the problem of researching the transformation of pedagogues' labour behaviour in both secondary and higher education. The questionnaire of pedagogue labour behaviour transformation in digital information environment is proposed by the author based on the ecopsychological typology of interactions between the subject and the environment (Viktor Panov). In a sample of pedagogues of higher and general education (51 respondents in 5 focus groups and 98, questionnaires) the results on the relationship of the questionnaire scales with orientation, depersonalisation and personality adaptation were obtained. The internal consistency (0.620) suggests that the application of the questionnaire is currently possible in psychological support for educational process digitalisation. At the same time, investigations into the determination of labour behaviour in the digital environment and the recruitment of new data for the verification of the questionnaire are ongoing. The application of the questionnaire is possible in psychological analysis, when both organising investigations and psychologically accompanying the educational process, in assisting pedagogues to more effectively master digital ways of interaction.