bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Plate Location on Radial Nerve Palsy Recovery Time Associated with Humeral Shaft Fractures
Authors: Günsoy Zeki , Sayer Gökhan , Dinç Mustafa , Soydemir Ömer Cevdet , Oğuzkaya Sinan
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
This study aims to investigate the influence of plate placement on nerve regeneration in humerus fractures accompanied by radial nerve injury.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 94 patients with humerus fractures and concomitant radial nerve injury treated between January 2018 and November 2022. After applying exclusion criteria, 31 patients were included in the study. Clinical outcomes were assessed by comparing demographic data, surgical duration, radial nerve recovery time, the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH), and the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale.
RESULTS
Two distinct groups were established: lateral plating and anteromedial (AM) plating. These groups demonstrated comparability regarding age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups concerning MEPS and MRC. The AM plating group notably exhibited shorter surgical durations, faster recovery times, and lower DASH scores.
CONCLUSION
According to the findings of this investigation, in cases of humerus fractures accompanied by radial nerve injury, AM plating may be preferable over lateral plating due to its association with reduced surgical durations, expedited nerve recovery, and superior functional outcomes.
Robust Fully Explicit Method for Solving the Navier-Stokes Equations
Authors: Oguni Kenji , Hirobe Sayako
Published: January 2024

The motion of viscous fluids is described by the Navier-Stokes equations. The inherent nonlinearity in the Navier-Stokes equations prevents us from the analytic solutions. This paper introduces a robust fully explicit method for numerically solving the discretized Navier-Stokes equations, applicable to various flow types without tuning parameters or artificial models. The numerical analysis results demonstrating the stability and the robustness of the proposed fully explicit method imply the discovery of the rigorous spatial integration of the Navier-Stokes equations over the subdomain uniquely defined for the discrete sampling points in the analysis domain. We anticipate that our findings could serve as a milestone to the comprehensive resolution of the millennium problem regarding the Navier-Stokes equations.
Quantitative summarization of High-touch Fomites for Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI) Risks: a systematic review
Authors: Olufadewa Isaac Iyinoluwa , Latimer Harrison , West Hal , Chen Shi
Published: January 2024

Background
Nearly 700,000 people in the U.S. acquire healthcare associated infections (HAIs) annually, and the situation might have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Evidence has shown that fomites, such as environmental surfaces and medical devices, play a critical role in the transmission of HAI. Our study systematically reviews findings from studies that provided quantitative evidence on the contact pattern and/or rank of high-touch surfaces (HTS).

Methods
We systematically searched 4 major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane Database) for articles published before June 30, 2023 based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines (international prospective register of systematic reviews registration CRD42023408483). Relevant search terms we used, including Fomites AND Contact Pattern (eg high-touch OR mutual-touch) AND Healthcare Setting (eg ICU OR Emergency Department) AND HAI (eg Clostridiodes difficile). We also searched for relevant articles in the reference list.

Result
A total of 2,826 studies were screened across all four databases with 7 studies meeting the eligibility criteria. The fomite which was most frequently touched was the bed rail. Frequently touched surfaces are supply carts, bed surfaces, patient files/notes, medication carts, bedside tables, and Intravenous pump. Other frequently contacted fomites were vital sign monitors, phones, curtains, computer/computer keyboards, chair and sink surfaces, blood pressure cuffs, computer mouse and light switch. Common mutually touched fomites were bedside rail, patients’ body, patient file, bedside table and hand washing faucet handles. Only 2 studies utilized a covert observational technique, the other 5 applied either direct observation or did not state explicitly.

Conclusion
Our study provides empirical data which is important for the prioritization in cleaning and disinfection practices, development of HAI prevention and control protocols, and the optimization of cleaning and disinfection resources. We suggest that more rigorous studies quantifying high-touch fomites, especially those including detailed contact duration, sequence and temporal variations, be conducted.
The Prevalence, Predictors, and Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Concerning Percutaneous Exposure Incidents among Healthcare Workers and Students in Africa: A Narrative Review.
Authors: Aiseosa Osadolor , GE Ugwoke , OC Obazee
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:Percutaneous exposure incidents (PEIs) encompass needlestick injuries, injuries involving sharp objects, and exposures of the skin and mucous membranes to potentially infectious blood, saliva, tissue, and other bodily fluids. The burden of PEIs among healthcare workers and students remains a challenge globally while newer predictors of PEIs continue to emerge.
Objective:This study is aimed at ascertaining the prevalence, predictors and level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning PEIs among healthcare workers and students.
Methods:This review was conducted using a systematic literature search of the following databases and registers: PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journals, Research4life, ScienceDirect, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, Open Access Theses and Dissertations, TROVE, Latin American and Caribbean Centre on Health Sciences Information, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature [via EBSCOhost], Africa Journal Online, Google Scholar, and MedNar in December 2023. Observational studies, experimental studies, case-control studies, longitudinal studies, theses and dissertations were considered in these searches. A total of fifty-six studies and 16,607 respondents participated in the review.
Results:The annual prevalence of PEIs in Africa ranged from 18.7% to 83.3%, meanwhile, the lifetime prevalence varied between 15.6% and 90.3%. The overall annual and lifetime prevalences were 48.0% and 44.6% respectively. Notable predictors of PEI occurrence included needle recapping, female gender, increased workload, and lack of infection prevention and patient safety training. A majority of respondents exhibited good knowledge, positive attitudes and good practices concerning PEIs
Conclusions: The prevalence of PEIs is still high among African healthcare workers and students in the presence of a consistent emergence of novel predictors. The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of African healthcare workers and students are encouraging, however, the need for more investigations in this domain cannot be ruled out for a more holistic piece of evidence.
Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices for Optimal Oral Health among Adults in Benin City, Nigeria.
Authors: Aiseosa Osadolor , CV Ugorji , JE Emajemite , OJ Ihwuwayovwe , IS Adolf , GE Ugwoke
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Oral health which is crucial for overall well-being, involves maintaining good oral hygiene to prevent diseases. Despite global progress, gaps persist, particularly in developing countries, leading to an increased prevalence of oral diseases. Factors such as oral health awareness, access, cultural beliefs, and dental phobia impact oral health. Similarly, oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices have been reported to play vital roles.
Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices, related to the oral health of adults in Benin City, Edo State.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of adults presenting at a dental outreach programme in three conveniently selected local government areas (Ikpoba-Okha, Oredo, and Egor) of Benin City, Edo State. Data generated from this study was analysed using the IBM® SPSS® statistics version 25 software. Descriptive data were presented as frequencies and percentages; tables were utilized for clarity. The mean percentage of oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices were categorized as follows: poor (< 50.00%), fair (50.00% – 69.99%), and good (≥ 70.00%). The level of significance, α, was set at 0.05.
Results: A total of 198 respondents aged 18 – 74 were investigated while attending a dental outreach programme. The mean percentage of oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices among the respondents was 57.5%, 83.1%, and 55.0% respectively.
Conclusion: This study assessed respondents’ oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices, revealing fair knowledge and practices but good attitudes. There are notable gaps, particularly in oral hygiene knowledge and practices. The positive attitudes recorded in the present study provide a scaffold for effective oral health promotion.
The analysis of the link between exchange rate and inflation: Evidence from quantile regression approach
Authors: Mansouri Zakaria , Liouaeddine Mariem , Laamire Jaouad
Published: January 2024

Given the impact of price hikes on the global economy and developing countries, this paper aims to determine the factors influencing overall food inflation in Morocco. We use quarterly data from The Central Bank of Morocco (BAM) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to answer this question, using a quantile regression analysis. Our results suggest that the exchange rate exerts positive and statistically significant effects on overall food inflation. We also find that oil prices negatively affect food inflation, while gross domestic product and monetary policy do not affect overall food inflation. Ultimately, our results show that inflation in Morocco is predominantly imported.
ASPECTOS EMOCIONAIS NO ENSINO REMOTO E METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS: ANÁLISE À LUZ DO CONCEITO DE AFETIVIDADE DE WALLON
Authors: Omena Marques Alves Felipe , Cleide da Silva Ana , De Andrade Araújo Luciana , Sandro Gomes Alex
Published: January 2024

As instituições de ensino adotaram os Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVA) para realização das aulas remotas durante a pandemia. Visto que as metodologias ativas têm promovido um aprendizado mais autônomo aos estudantes, podemos considerar que utilizá-la conjuntamente com recursos tecnológicos alcança-se uma alternativa promissora para futuras situações de isolamento social? Analisamos essa possibilidade sob a ótica do conceito de afetividade apresentado por Henri Wallon, tendo como base as experiências de ensino durante a pandemia. Destacamos, por meio desta pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho qualitativo, os conceitos fundamentais presentes na literatura e apresentamos preocupações com os aspectos emocionais dos estudantes. Partimos do pressuposto walloniano que o ser humano é inseparável do mundo (entre-deux), não sendo possível diferenciar a pessoa-estudante, que precisa corresponder as demandas acadêmicas, da pessoa-humana, passíveis de emoções e sentimentos. Desta forma, consideramos que as cobranças escolares podem comprometer a saúde mental dos aprendizes mesmo utilizando as melhores práticas educativas. Expomos, também, algumas recomendações de boas práticas para às unidades de ensino a serem utilizadas contextos semelhantes de aprendizagens ulteriores.
UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA EM PERIÓDICOS DA ÁREA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS E MATEMÁTICA E ENSINO DE FÍSICA SOBRE TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO
Authors: Lopes Eduarda da Silva , Pastorio Dioni Paulo
Published: January 2024

A pesquisa que segue tem caráter bibliográfico, de natureza qualitativa, seguindo a Análise de Conteúdo, que tem como proposta investigar o que as pesquisas já realizadas apresentam em torno das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC), visualizando nesses artigos a temática, os recursos e as metodologias empregadas, bem como o público alvo e a área em questão. Assim, optou-se pela seleção de 17 revistas com qualisA (quadriênio anterior 2013-2016) na avaliação proposta pela CAPES das áreas de Educação em Ciências e Matemática e Ensino de Física, traçando um comparativo com um importante referencial da área, na tentativa de evidenciarmos avanços e/ou retrocessos nas concepções acerca das TDIC e assim, visualizarmos no que avançamos e no que retrocedemos ou estagnamos em relação as novas perspectivas ligadas às tecnologias. Como resultados, evidenciamos categorias acerca das dificuldades existentes para integrar as TDIC nos espaços de ensino. Contudo, visualizamos também diferentes possibilidades didáticas no contexto das tecnologias, apontando a pandemia como um importante marco para a efetivação das TDIC nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem.
Metabolite fingerprinting and profiling of two locally cultivated edible plants by using nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: HUERTA Megan , TAMANG Jyoti , HOSSAİN Mohammad Amzad , KANEKO Gen , EHSAN Hashimul
Published: January 2024

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a sensitive technique used to analyse the structure elucidation, dynamics, reaction state, and chemical environment of molecules. Abelmoschus esculentus and Lagenaria siceraria are edible plants used traditionally to treat jaundice, diabetes, weight loss, ulcer, hypertension, heart failure, skin diseases and reduced cholesterol. Therefore, based on the medicinal uses the study was designed to analyze fingerprinting of metabolites of the seeds of the selected plants. The dry seeds were powdered and the metabolites were extracted by socking method with a mixture of methanol/chloroform. The extracted metabolites from seeds were subjected to proton NMR using the noesygpprld pulse sequence. A total 18 peaks were obtained from each spectrum. Among the peaks, three peaks with the highest intensities were analyzed by utilizing NMR. The peak metabolites were determined with the correlation with the correct peak using in built Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank (BMRB). The results showed that the obtained data varied from known plant metabolites due to the contamination and interaction between the metabolites. In addition, variants in the metabolites from sample to sample may have been the result of errors or limitations in the study. The data generated from this experiment will be used to help to conduct the advanced research in the near future on the selected edible plant species which will be valuable for many different areas of the scientific community. Plant metabolomics has the potential benefit in the medical field, agricultural industry, and many other areas of our economy.
Phytochemical study and biological activities of Teucrium mideltense (Batt.) Humbert.
Authors: ELBOUNY Hamza , OUAHZİZİ Brahim , BENRAHOU Kaoutar , HOMRANİ BAKALİ Abdelmonaim , BAMMOU Mohamed , SELLAM Khalid , ALEM Chakib
Published: January 2024

Teucrium mideltense (Batt.) Humbert (T. mideltense) is an endemic Moroccan species that grows exclusively in the Oriental High Atlas Mountains of Morocco. In this work, we aim at determining the chemical profile and biological properties of the traditionally used aqueous extract of this plant. HPLC analysis, estimation of the amounts of total phenolic compounds including flavonoids, and in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated according to the literature procedures (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP). Additionally, safety assessment was carried out according to the organization for economic cooperation and development guidelines and the anti-hyperlipidemic activity was evaluated in triton-induced hyperlipidemic rat model. Our findings revealed that the aqueous extract of this plant contains significant amounts of phenolic compounds (91.94 mg GAE/gE) including flavonoids (27.41 mg RE/gE). HPLC analysis revealed the presence of vanillic acid, hesperidin, and rutin. Moreover, a considerable in vitro antioxidant effect was evaluated (DPPH IC50 = 36.10± 0.02 μg/mL; ABTS IC50 = 34.98± 1.31 μg/mL; FRAP EC50 = 129.74±2.18 μg/mL). Furthermore, T. mideltense (Batt.) Maire extract exerted significant lipid-lowering effects by reducing the levels of total cholesterol (-88.78%), triglycerides (-62.12%), and non-HDL cholesterol (-68.37%). We conclude that the supplementation with the aqueous extract of T. mideltense would be effective in lowering lipids under hyperlipidemic conditions.
How to understand limitations of generative networks
Authors: Das Ranit , Favaro Luigi , Heimel Theo , Krause Claudius , Plehn Tilman , Shih David
Published: January 2024

Well-trained classifiers and their complete weight distributions provide us with a well-motivated and practicable method to test generative networks in particle physics. We illustrate their benefits for distribution-shifted jets, calorimeter showers, and reconstruction-level events. In all cases, the classifier weights make for a powerful test of the generative network, identify potential problems in the density estimation, relate them to the underlying physics, and tie in with a comprehensive precision and uncertainty treatment for generative networks.
Strategic enablers: Unveiling crucial drivers for managerial adoption of electronic resources planning
Authors: Kurniasari Florentina , Dwi Lestari Elissa
Published: January 2024

The rapid growth of the information technology industry has spurred corporate process digitalization. This study aims to examine how the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology’s (UTAUT) major tenets – performance expectancy and effort expectancy – and trust affect managers’ acceptance of new e-fulfillment services. This study also considers Hofstede’s cultural dimension of long-term orientation as the major variable influencing management’s acceptance of the new fulfillment platform. This study employed a quantitative research methodology with a simple random sampling of 248 Indonesian Logistic Association members from various industries. The research finding shows that only effort expectancy does not significantly affect managers’ e-fulfillment platform usage. Both effort expectancy and performance expectancy have a significant impact on employee trust in using the new technology. In addition, performance expectancy, customer trust, and long-term orientation positively affect the managerial adoption of e-fulfillment services. The study also shows a full mediation effect of customer trust in the relationship of effort expectancy to managerial adoption and a partial mediation effect in the influence of performance expectancy into managerial adoption of electronic resources planning with trust as a mediating variable.
AcknowledgmentThis study is conducted with the support from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, with the Contract No. 1170/LL3/AL.04/2023; 0059-RD-LPPM-UMN/P-JD/V/2023.
A distributed approach to cluster multi-view relational data
Authors: Gusmão Renê , Araújo Allan Juan , Carvalho Francisco
Published: January 2024

Clustering of multi-view data has become an important research field. The efficient clustering of multi-view data is a challenging problem. This work aimed to investigate a distributed approach to cluster multi-view relational data. A PSO-based hybrid method was used to generate clustering from all views independently. Five different objective functions were explored to induce diversity to the clusterings since each function looks for different cluster structures. Five different consensus functions were compared to produce the final partition from the ensembles. Three multi-view real-world data sets were considered in this study. The Adjusted Rand Index, the F-measure and Silhouette clustering validity indexes were used to assess obtained clusterings. The distributed approach found better clusterings for all data sets considering at least one consensus function.
Body mass index of schoolchildren under exposure to endogenous and exogenous risk factors (on the example of the republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors:   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, 94 Stepana Kuvykina St., Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation, Nazarova L.Sh. , Daukaev R.A. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, 94 Stepana Kuvykina St., Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation, Musabirov D.E. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, 94 Stepana Kuvykina St., Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation, Karimov D.O. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, 94 Stepana Kuvykina St., Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation, Yakhina M.R. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, 94 Stepana Kuvykina St., Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation, Kudoyarov E.R. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, 94 Stepana Kuvykina St., Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation, Bakirov A.B. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, 94 Stepana Kuvykina St., Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation,   Bashkir State Medical University, 3 Lenina St., Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation
Published: January 2024

High prevalence of obesity and overweight among population poses a serious threat for public health. A survey was accomplished in 13 schools in Bashkortostan to estimate the nutritional status as per body mass index (BMI) of schoolchildren and their parents. Next, we analyzed relationships between participants’ nutritional statuses as per BMI and their age, sex, place of residence (urban / rural) and parental nutritional status as per BMI for children. Among children, 50.0 % had normal body weight, 18.4 % had overweight, 16.9 % had underweight, 8.8 % were emaciated, and 5.9 % were obese. Among parents, these shares equaled 46.4, 33.1, 2.5, 1.3, and 16.7 % respectively. The profound analysis established that boys (as compared with girls) were overweighed and had BMI higher than its healthy range in general (overweight + obesity) statistically significantly more frequently; prevalence of obesity and also BMI higher than its healthy range in general was identified statistically significantly higher among fathers as opposed to mothers. In addition, it turned out that if parents either had BMI higher than its healthy range or were emaciated, their children had similar disorders statistically significantly more frequently. At the same time, if parents had normal body weight, their children were overweighed statistically significantly less frequently. The age of 15–17 years turned out to be associated with declining prevalence of obesity in boys (young males) and declining prevalence of elevated BMI in general in girls (young females). At the same time, a share of people with overweight and elevated BMI in general was statistically significantly higher among mothers older than 37 years. When considering places of residence, we established that both girls and mothers who lived in rural areas had BMI higher than its healthy range statistically significantly more frequently than their urban counterparts.
Business-Processes in Economy as Reflection of Society Digitalization Processes
Authors: Panov A. V.
Published: January 2024

Статья посвящена развитию цифрового пространства в мире, а также процессам, связанным с его становлением в качестве основного способа взаимодействия в современной экономике. Методологическую основу исследования составляют анализ статистических данных, аналитических материалов, исследований ряда научных публикаций по направлениям, законодательных актов, а также авторский материал. На основе данных Росстата составлен ряд выборок, который показывает текущее состояние и тенденции развития процессов цифровизации и информационных систем, их значение для бизнеса. Проанализированы данные по статистике распространения Интернета в домашних хозяйствах, проведено их сопоставление с данными по промышленности. Автором исследованы текущее состояние развития Интернета на территории РоссийскойФедерации, его распространение на основе статистики электронного обмена и взаимосвязь сети Интернет и торговли. Сделан вывод, что статистическая информация не показывает существенного развития новых технологических процессов внутри организаций. При этом отмечено значение психологического влияния материала на продукт, а также дана оценка воздействия цифровизации на экономику. Результаты исследования вносят вклад в развитие теории нематериальных ресурсов.

Перенести в английский вариант

   The article deals with the development of digital space in the world and processes connected with its establishment as a key way of interaction in today’s economy. Methodological foundation of the research was formed by analysis of statistical data, analytical materials, investigating some academic publications, enactments and author’s material. On the basis of the Rosstat data a number of samples were prepared, which show the current condition and development trends of digitalization processes and information systems and their importance for business. The author studied statistical information about the Internet spread in households and compared it with data on industry. The current standing of the Internet on the territory of the Russian Federation was researched, as well as its spread using statistics of e-exchange and interconnection between the Internet and trade. The author came to the conclusion that statistics does not show serious development of new technological processes in organizations. At the same time he highlighted the importance of psychological impact of the material on the product and estimated the influence of digitalization on economy. Findings of the research can foster the development of intangible resource theory.
The Author’s Methodology of Forecasting Election Results on the Basis of Big Data
Authors: Kozin A. S.
Published: January 2024

Internet mass media provides their readers with an opportunity to express their opinions on topics (comments) being published. For this purpose each article inserted in the Internet is connected with certain means of communication. These comments are taken seriously by mass media as they contain valuable information that helps find out feelings of Internet users. Social networks generate a vast amount of unstructured data due to their use by thousands of users. Therefore, our research aims at substantiation and use of machine learning (artificial intellect) approach in order to analyze users’ feelings through comments on YouTube dealing with press-conferences given by nominated candidates. Obtained results show feasibility of the approach. The author proposes other ways of its modernization.
¿Es representada apropiadamente la conservación de la biodiversidad en los estudios de valoración económica?
Authors: Dávila José
Published: January 2024

En las últimas dos décadas, las técnicas de preferencias declaradas han sido utilizadas para estimar la disposición a pagar por la conservación de la biodiversidad. Sin embargo, los resultados de estas técnicas pueden presentar fenómenos que contradicen la teoría económica, como la teoría de la utilidad y el bienestar. A partir de una revisión sistemática, se identificaron las características de aplicaciones de Valoración Contingente y Experimento de Elección para el caso de la biodiversidad, cuya conservación es un bien público. Se identificó que la conservación de la biodiversidad es estudiada mayormente a partir de representaciones de especies (flora y fauna) y hábitats. Los estudios que incluyeron la representación de funcionalidad contribuyeron en la no aparición de insensibilidad al alcance, lo que respaldaría el uso de sus resultados en políticas públicas ambientales.
Therapeutic Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer: Emerging Hallmarks, Signaling Mechanisms and Alternative Pathways
Authors: Zaib Sumera , Javed Hira , Rana Nehal , Zaib Zainab , Iqbal Shahid , Khan Imtiaz
Published: January 2024

Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of mortality and the most lethal gynecologic
malignancy among females. It may arise from atypical borderline tumors (Type
I) or serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (Type II). The diagnosis of cancer at its early
stages is difficult because of non-specific symptoms, most patients are diagnosed at the
advanced stage. Several drugs and therapeutic strategies are available to treat ovarian
cancer such as surgery, chemotherapy, neoadjuvant therapy, and maintenance therapy.
However, the cancer cells have developed resistance to a number of available therapies
causing treatment failure. This emerging chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells is becoming
an obstacle due to alterations in multiple cellular processes. These processes involve
altered drug target response, drug pumps, detoxification systems, lower sensitivity
to apoptosis, and altered proliferation, and are responsible for developing resistance to
anticancer medicines. Various research reports have evidenced that these altered processes
might play a role in the emergence of resistance. This review addresses the recent advances
in understanding the underlying mechanisms of ovarian cancer resistance and
covers sophisticated alternative pathways to overcome these resistance mechanisms in
patients.
Network Pharmacology Study on the Underlying Mechanism of Danggui–Kushen Herb Pair in Adjuvant Chemotherapeutics against Breast Cancer
Authors: Hu Yijuan , He Jiaolong , Xu Yunling
Published: January 2024

Background:

The Danggui–Kushen herb pair (DKHP) is a classic prescription that has
long been used in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs to improve the immune status of patients
with breast cancer (BC), however, the active components and the underlying pharmacological
mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the possible mechanism
of action of DKHP against BC-based comprehensive strategy combining network pharmacology,
molecular docking, and cellular experiments.

Methods:

The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform
was used to obtain the relevant compounds in DKHP. Genecards and the National Center for
Biotechnology Information databases were used to predict BC targets. Then, drug–compound–
target, and protein–protein interaction networks were constructed to forecast the promising protein
targets of DKHP and identify the primary interactions that occur between the protein targets and
compounds. Finally, the predicted candidate targets were validated using docking techniques and
in vitro experiments.

Results:

A total of 30 potential active compounds and 173 intersecting pharmacological targets
were identified in DKHP. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the inflammatory response,
positive regulation of protein phosphorylation, and cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
were closely related to DKHP treatment in BC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway
analysis suggested that the PI3K/AKT pathway may be crucial for DKHP intervention in BC.
Therefore, key targets could be AKT1, TP53, VEGR, CASP3, TNF, and IL6. Molecular docking
analysis suggested that hyperforin, kushenin, and kushenol T had good binding ability to Akt, p53,
and Caspase 3. The in vitro experiment showed that the DKHP extract promoted the apoptosis of
MCF-7 cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. These results corresponded to the predictions
produced using the network pharmacology approach.

Conclusion:

Hyperforin, kushenin, kushenol T, and other active compounds in DKHP can regulate
multiple signaling pathways and targets, such as AKT1, TP53, and CASP3, thereby playing preventive
and therapeutic roles in BC.
Microfluidics-assisted Tumor Cell Separation Approaches for Clinical Applications: An Overview on Emerging Devices
Authors: Shanehband Nahid , Naghib Seyed Morteza
Published: January 2024

Recent advances in science and technology have led to revolutions in many scientific
and industrial fields. The term lab on a chip, or in other words, performing a variety of complex
analyses in just a short time and a minimal space, is a term that has become very common in
recent years, and what used to be a dream has now come to life in practice. In this paper, we tried
to investigate a specific type of lab technology on a chip, which is, of course, one of the most
common, namely the knowledge and technology of cell separation by using a microfluidic
technique that can be separated based on size and deformation, adhesion and electrical properties.
The tissue of the human body is degraded due to injury or aging. It is often tried to treat this
tissue disorder by using drugs, but they are not always enough. Stem cell-based medicine is a
novel form that promises the restoration or regeneration of tissues and functioning organs.
Although many models of microfluidic systems have been designed for cell separation,
choosing the appropriate device to achieve a reliable result is a challenge. Therefore, in this
study, Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS), Dielectrophoresis (DEP), Magnetic Activated
Cell Sorting (MACS), and Acoustic microfluidic system are four distinct categories of active
microfluidic systems explored. Also, the advantages, disadvantages, and the current status of the
devices mentioned in these methods are reviewed.
Novel Association of RAD54L Mutation with Müllerian Clear Cell
Carcinoma of the Male Urethra: New Insights Regarding the Molecular
Mechanisms of a Rare Tumour
Authors: Deng Huiyan , Ding Yan , Wang Zhiyu , Liang Xiangdong , Liu Yueping
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Müllerian clear cell carcinoma of the male urethra is similar to that of the
female genital tract in terms of morphology and immunohistochemical expression but is rarely observed in clinical practice.

Case Presentation:

Here, we report the case of a 65-year-old man diagnosed with Müllerian clear
cell carcinoma who harboured a mutation in RAD54L. This patient was diagnosed by electrocautery and ultimately underwent prostatectomy. After a six-month follow-up period, no signs of
recurrence or additional malignancy were found. Based on our analysis of the available literature,
it appears that Müllerian clear cell carcinoma with RAD54L mutation has not been reported until
now.

Conclusion:

This case enhances our knowledge of the molecular biology of Müllerian clear cell
carcinoma of the male urethra, which will help clinicians select optimal treatment options for this
rare cancer in patients with specific driver mutations.
Phytotherapeutics in Cancer: From Potential Drug Candidates to Clinical
Translation
Authors: Grover Parul , Thakur Kulbhushan , Bhardwaj Monika , Mehta Lovekesh , Raina Soom Nath , Rajpal Vijay Rani
Published: January 2024

Annually, a significant number of individuals succumb to cancer, an anomalous cellular
condition characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation and the emergence of highly perilous
tumors. Identifying underlying molecular mechanism(s) driving disease progression has led
to various inventive therapeutic approaches, many of which are presently under pre-clinical and/or
clinical trials. Over the recent years, numerous alternative strategies for addressing cancer have also
been proposed and put into practice. This article delineates the modern therapeutic drugs employed
in cancer treatment and their associated toxicity. Due to inherent drug toxicity associated
with most modern treatments, demand rises for alternative therapies and phytochemicals with minimal
side effects and proven efficacy against cancer. Analogs of taxol, Vinca alkaloids like vincristine
and vinblastine, and podophyllotoxin represent a few illustrative examples in this context.
The phytochemicals often work by modifying the activity of molecular pathways that are thought
to be involved in the onset and progression of cancer. The principal objective of this study is to
provide an overview of our current understanding regarding the pharmacologic effects and molecular
targets of the active compounds found in natural products for cancer treatment and collate information
about the recent advancements in this realm. The authors' interest in advancing the field of
phytochemical research stems from both the potential of these compounds for use as drugs as well
as their scientific validity. Accordingly, the significance of herbal formulations is underscored,
shedding light on anticancer phytochemicals that are sought after at both pre-clinical and clinical
levels, with discussion on the opportunities and challenges in pre-clinical and clinical cancer
studies.
Synthesis and Characterization of Baicalein-loaded Aquasomes: An In vitro
and In silico Perspective for Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Goyal Vinay , Kumar Bhavna , Kumar Lal Diwya , Varshney Poorvi , Singh Rana Vijay
Published: January 2024

Background:

Millions of individuals worldwide suffer from metabolic abnormalities induced by diabetes. Baicalein, a flavonoid, has shown several properties in various treatments with
potential properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic properties. Practically, its application is hindered due to low solubility in aqueous media. Overcoming this challenge,
aquasomes can offer an effective approach for delivering drugs and bioactive molecules to target
various diseases.

Objective:

The study aimed to develop and evaluate baicalein-loaded aquasomes for improving solubility and comparing their antidiabetic properties to acarbose through in silico docking.
Method: Baicalein-loaded aquasomes were prepared through a three-step process: core preparation,
lactose coating, and drug loading. The evaluation included assessing particle size, drug-excipient
interactions, drug entrapment efficiency, loading capacity, in vitro drug release, and the kinetics of
drug release. In silico docking and in vitro α-amylase inhibition activity was evaluated to assess the
anti-diabetic potential of baicalein.

Results:

The baicalein-loaded aquasomes were spherical with sizes ranging from 300-400 nm. FTIR
analysis indicated no interaction between the components. The formulation exhibited drug entrapment efficiency of 94.04±0 4.01% and drug loading of 17.60 ± 01.03%. Drug release study showed
sustained and complete (97.30 ± 02.06 %) release, following first-order kinetics. Docking analysis
revealed comparable binding affinity to acarbose, while the α-amylase inhibition assay showed
greater inhibition potential of the aquasomes compared to the baicalein solution.

Conclusion:

Aquasomes offer an alternative approach to conventional delivery methods. The selfassembling characteristics of aquasomes greatly simplify their preparation process, adding to their
appeal as a drug delivery system.
Effect of Niosomal Encapsulation of Quercetin and Silymarin and their
Combination on Dimethylnitrosoamine-induced and Phenobarbital promoted
Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rat Model
Authors: Shirode Devendra S. , Raut Dinesh J. , Sarasawat Nikita
Published: January 2024

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a particularly dangerous and severe kind of liver
cancer. Many anticancer drugs fail to complete the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma without
any side effects. There should be appropriate and without side effective treatments for hepatocellular
carcinoma.

Objective:

The objective of the current study was to evaluate how quercetin and silymarin in a niosomal formulation affected hepatocyte carcinoma caused by diethylnitrosamine.
Methods: Five groups were created from the thirty male rats. Normal control (untreated group), tumor
group (administered dimethylnitrosoamine 200mg/kg), treatment group I (administered 50 mg/kg of
niosomal encapsulated quercetin), treatment group II (administered 50 mg/kg of niosomal encapsulated silymarin), and treatment group III (administered 50 mg/kg of niosomal encapsulated quercetin
+ silymarin). Then, biochemical estimation, serum analysis, and histopathological examination were
carried out.

Methods:

Five groups were created from the thirty male rats. Normal control (untreated group), tumor
group (administered dimethylnitrosoamine 200mg/kg), treatment group I (administered 50 mg/kg of
niosomal encapsulated quercetin), treatment group II (administered 50 mg/kg of niosomal encapsulated silymarin), and treatment group III (administered 50 mg/kg of niosomal encapsulated quercetin
+ silymarin). Then, biochemical estimation, serum analysis, and histopathological examination were
carried out.

Results:

Treatment group III, treated with niosomal encapsulation of a combination of quercetin +
silymarin 50 mg/kg, demonstrated the significant restoration of alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen and also antioxidants like superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide. The histopathological
examination showed improved liver architecture in this group compared to other treatment groups

Conclusion:

Our findings revealed that a potent anticancer effect was observed in treatment group
III as niosomal formulation increased the bioavailability of the drug within the body. In order to
completely understand the underlying processes and evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of these
chemicals in the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma, further investigation and clinical trials are required.
Immunomodulation Induced in BALB/c Mice after Subacute Exposure to
Hydroalcoholic Extract of Artimisia Dracunculus
Authors: Forouzanfar Fatemeh , Moshirian Farahi Seyed Mostafa , Rakhshandeh Hassan , Memar Bahram , Rashidi Roghayeh , Mahdipour Ramin , Riahi-Zanjani Bamdad
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Tarragon, with the scientific name of Artemisia dracunculus, is a perennial
herbaceous plant with a wide spectrum of pharmacologic properties. In the current investigation,
BALB/c mice were used to examine the immunomodulatory effects of hydroalcoholic extract of tarragon
(HET).

Methods:

Mice were treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Artimisia dracunculus (HET) at two doses
(250 and 500 mg/kg) for 14 days. The host hematological parameters, spleen cellularity histopathology,
hemagglutination titer assay (HA), delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses, IFN-γ and
IL-4 levels produced by spelenocytes, and the proliferation of lymphocytes were assayed.

Results:

HET at a high dose significantly could increase the number of white blood cells and lymphocytes
compared to the control group. The lymphocyte proliferation in exposure to PHA significantly
increased in the HET group at both doses compared to the control group, whilst this index in
the presence of LPS increased significantly for the 500 mg/kg-HET group only. Moreover, in the HA
and DTH tests, HET significantly increased the proliferation of lymphocytes as compared with the
control group. Furthermore, HET significantly increased the amount of IFN-γ parallel to a decrease
in the level of IL-4 in compared to the control group.

Conclusion:

Based on our findings, HET has potent immunostimulant characteristics. More investigation
into tarragon's potential to be used in the treatment of disorders caused by a weakened immune
response should be conducted.
Novel Amide Functionalized Trifluoromethyl thieno[2,3-b]pyridine
Derivatives: Anti-cancer Activity and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Betala Sailu , Puram Naveen , Bhanothu Udayasri
Published: January 2024

Our primary research objective is to create and formulate small ring heterocycles with enhanced
biological efficacy. Amide functionalized trifluoromethyl thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives as
a series were prepared starting from reaction between 1,3 di-ketone and thiocyanoacetamide and obtained
pyridine 3. Compound 3 reacts with bromoethyl acetate and obtained compound 4, further
compound 4 on reaction with diverse substituted aromatic and aliphatic amines to get amide derivatives
5a-d, 6a-d and 7a-h. All the final compounds evaluated for anti cancer activity against four
human cancer cell lines such as ‘HeLa - Cervical cancer (CCL-2); COLO 205- Colon cancer (CCL-
222); HepG2 - Liver cancer (HB-8065); MCF7 - Breast cancer (HTB-22)’ and promising compounds
7d, 7e and 7f have been identified. For compounds 7d, 7e and 7f molecular docking interactions have
been identified.
Insight into the Various Approaches Undertaken for the Synthesis of
Quinoline Hybrids Imparting Diverse Therapeutic Activities
Authors: Sharma Ruchi , Majee Chandana , Mazumder Rupa , Mazumder Avijit , Padhi Swarupanjali , Kumar Akshay
Published: January 2024

Quinoline is one of the promising and prominent biologically active N-based heterocyclic
compounds.

:

This review paper aims to discuss the synthetic approaches, summarized from various research articles
on the preparation of quinoline derivatives intended for different therapeutic activities like antifungal
activity, anticancer activity, anticonvulsant activity, antitubercular activity, antimalarial activity,
anti-Alzheimer activity and so on.

:

The comprehensive study complies with all related publications and trademark publications demonstrating
the synthesis and biological aspects of quinoline derivatives.

:

Various types of quinoline hybrids were synthesized and treated for therapeutic activity, including
anticancer, antitubercular, anti-Alzheimer, antioxidant, and antifungal activity, which have been
analyzed.

:

Quinoline is a planner hetero-aromatic compound with the chemical formula C9H7N. Several wellknown
synthetic routes to the quinoline skeleton include Friedlander synthesis, Knorr quinoline synthesis,
and Skraup reaction. Researchers may use other techniques or alter current strategies to reach
their objectives, depending on what exact structure and therapeutic action they are investigating. The
availability of starting materials, reaction conditions, scalability, desired regioselectivity, and functionalization
of the quinoline core all have a role in the choice of synthetic method. This review covers
the latest literature and knowledge on the synthetic procedures for numerous quinoline and its
derivatives and their biological and pharmacological application.
Synthesis of New Glucose-containing 5-Arylisoxazoles and their Enzyme
Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Hariri Roshanak , Iraji Aida , Mojtabavi Somayeh , Saeedi Mina , Faramarzi Mohammad Ali , Amini Mohsen , Akbarzadeh Tahmineh
Published: January 2024

Carbohydrates are an important group of biomolecules that have received special attention
due to their significant role in the design and synthesis of new bioactive compounds. In this study, a
new class of 5-arylisoxazole-glucose hybrids was designed and synthesized for evaluation of their
inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and tyrosinase. The target compounds depicted selective
α-glucosidase inhibitory activity over α-amylase, which is an important factor in reducing probable
gastrointestinal problems in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this respect, compound 9a, possessing
the phenylisoxazole group, was found to be the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitor (IC50 =
292.2 ± 0.1 μM) compared to acarbose (IC50 = 750.2 ± 0.1 μM) as the positive control. All
compounds were also evaluated for their anti-tyrosinase effect, and among them, compound 9j,
containing a fluoroaryl moiety, showed potent activity (IC50 = 50.1 ± 6.3 μM) in comparison to kojic
acid (IC50 = 23.6 ± 2.6 μM). Also, docking studies were performed to investigate the probable mode
of action, which indicated the construction of important H-bonding interactions between the sugar
moiety and the enzyme’s active sites. According to the results, hybrids containing heterocycles
attached to glucose can be used to inhibit α-glucosidase.