bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gaia Pulsars and Where to Find Them in EDR3
Authors: Antoniadis John
Published: December 2020

The Early Gaia Data Release 3 (EDR3) provides precise astrometry for nearly 1.5 billion sources across the entire sky. A few tens of these are associated with neutron stars in the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds. Here, we report on a search for EDR3 counterparts to known rotation-powered pulsars using the method outlined in Antoniadis. A cross-correlation between EDR3 and the ATNF pulsar catalog identifies 41 close astrometric pairs (≲05 at the reference epoch of the pulsar position). Twenty six of these are related to previously known optical counterparts, while the rest are candidate pairs that require further follow-up. Highlights include the Crab Pulsar (PSR B0531+21), for which EDR3 yields a distance of

2.08

−
0.45

+
0.78

kpc (or

2.00

−
0.38

+
0.56

kpc taking into account the dispersion-measure prior; errors indicate 95% confidence limits) and PSR 1638−4608, a pulsar thus-far considered to be isolated that lies within 0056 of a Gaia source.
Gravitational Instability of a Magnetic Rotating Disk with Ohmic Dissipation and Ambipolar Diffusion
Authors: Das Indrani , Basu Shantanu
Published: December 2020

We perform a linear analysis of the stability of isothermal, rotating, magnetic, self-gravitating sheets that are weakly ionized. We include a self-consistent treatment of thermal pressure, gravitational, rotational, and magnetic (pressure and tension) forces together with two nonideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects: Ohmic dissipation and ambipolar diffusion. Our results show that there is always a preferred lengthscale and associated minimum timescale for gravitational instability. The addition of rotation leads to a generalized Toomre criterion (that includes a magnetic dependence) and modified lengthscales and timescales for collapse. We show that both the nonideal MHD effects qualitatively behave in a similar way but have quantitative differences. We apply our results to protostellar disk properties in the early embedded phase and find that the preferred scale of instability can significantly exceed the thermal (Jeans) scale and the peak preferred fragmentation mass is likely to be ∼10–90M
Jup.
My article has just been rejected!
Authors: Iwaz Jean
Published: December 2020

Unfortunately, articles submitted to journals are rejected more frequently than is desirable. Journals themselves estimate that more than 60% of submitted articles are rejected without review (for top journals, the figure may even be 80%). Thus, whatever an article’s content or quality, an outright rejection should be expected right from the time of submission, and a reaction strategy defined beforehand. Each rejection should be carefully examined and fully understood before attempting any response. Here are some hints for beginners—or for edgy authors.
Two new species of the genus Symphylella (Symphyla, Scolopendrellidae) from East China
Authors: Jin Ya-Li , Bu Yun
Published: December 2020

Symphylella minutasp. nov. and Symphylella communasp. nov. from China are described and illustrated. Symphylella minutasp. nov. is characterized by the delicate and minute body, a well-developed and thin central rod with a vestige of a transverse suture in the middle, eight setae on the first tergite, pointed processes on the tergites, and short cerci with sparse setae. Symphylella communasp. nov. is characterized by the chaetotaxy of the first tergite with 4+4 setae, processes of the tergites somewhat longer or the same length with broad, most of lateromaginal setae long, anterolateral setae of tergites 2–4, 6, 7, 9, and 10 distinctly longer than other lateromarginal setae, approximately as long as the process of the same tergite, and cerci with numerous subequal and slightly curved setae. In addition, the chaetotaxic variation on the tergites, the distribution, the habitat, and the feeding habit of the genus Symphylella are discussed.
Effect of Downsized Screw Selection on Bone Healing and Postoperative Complications in Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Ohno Katsunori , Takigawa Naohide , Watanabe Chisato , Oda Akihiko , Ishizu Tsunehiko , Neo Masashi
Published: December 2020

When performing volar plating of distal radius fractures, selecting downsized subchondral screws may prevent dorsal screw penetration (DSP), which is a risk factor for extensor tendon rupture. However, downsizing may cause loss of reduction or poor bone healing. This prospective study investigated the effect of downsized screw selection on bone healing and postoperative complications. A total of 115 patients with postoperative follow-up longer than 6 months comprised the study population. Using a depth gauge, screws that were 2-mm shorter than the measured value were selected. The DSP then was checked using dorsal tangential view (DTV) radiographs during surgery and at final follow-up. Baseline data included bone healing, loss of reduction of radiological parameters, DSP location, and postoperative complications. To assess DSP on DTV radiographs, the dorsal surface of the radius was divided into the radial and ulnar sides at the Lister tubercle, and each was further divided into 2 equal regions. These 4 regions were defined as zones 1 to 4 from the radial side. A total of 114 patients (99%) showed bone healing. Mean loss of reduction was approximately 1° and within 1 mm in radiological parameters. Eleven patients (9.6%) showed DSP during surgery or at final follow-up despite using 2-mm downsized screws. The most common site of DSP was zone 3. Extensor pollicis longus rupture occurred in 2 patients (1.7%) despite no DSP. Downsized screw selection provided a high rate of bone healing with minimum loss of reduction and a low complication rate. The extensor tendon can be torn regardless of DSP. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(2):e259–e265.]
Nonnegative periodicity on high-order proportional delayed cellular neural networks involving $ D $ operator
Authors: Guo Xiaojin ,   Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and Analysis in Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China, Huang Chuangxia , Cao Jinde ,   School of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China,   Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to deal with the dynamic behaviors of nonnegative periodic solutions for one kind of high-order proportional delayed cellular neural networks involving $ D $ operator. By utilizing Lyapunov functional approach, combined with some dynamic inequalities, we establish a new assertion to guarantee the existence and global exponential stability of nonnegative periodic solutions for the addressed networks. The obtained results supplement and improve some existing ones. In addition, the correctness of the analytical results are verified by numerical simulations.
Characteristics of Heat Transfer During Cooling Down Process in a Single Cargo Tank of LNG Carrier
Authors: Deng J J , Song L Y , Xu J , Liu B , Lu J S , Zhang J W
Published: December 2020

A deep understanding of heat transfer characteristics is essential in evaluating risk and putting forward any option for the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) tank cooling down process. A novel Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was built to perform the flow and heat transfer simulation of the process. The predicted results agreed well with the test data from a prototype LNG tank. Then the heat transfer characteristics of the process were analysed. It was found that the vapour temperature and density were linearly varying and became stable after 2.3 hours. A sudden pressure drop risk was identified during the process, which will cause the inwards collapse risk of the invar membrane. Then the proposals to prevent the risks of the inwards collapsing membrane are presented. The heat transfer characteristics of the vapour and different membrane layers were analysed in detail, and if the suggested option was to be implemented this could save about 39% of LNG consumed.
Simulating Flood Recovery Manoeuvres Using a Free-Running Submarine Model
Authors: Marchant P , Crossland P
Published: December 2020

Managing submarine safety, effectively, requires an understanding of many areas of platform performance, including its ability to manoeuvre. QinetiQ’s free-running submarine model (FRM) capability, the second generation Submarine Research Model (SRMII), forms a key part of the UK’s predictive manoeuvring capability that supports the MoD’s ability to conduct hydrodynamic assessment of the manoeuvring and control performance of the Royal Navy’s current and future submarines. Uniquely for an FRM, the SRMII has a large and capable ballast system. This is able to emulate a flooding incident within a submarine compartment and the subsequent emergency recovery procedures, which may include blowing the submarine’s main ballast tanks. This paper discusses how the SRMII’s ballast system was used to generate model-scale trajectories, which are not obtainable with many other FRMs. The experimental data were used to successfully validate the mathematical model, which predicts the maximum pitch angle response of a full-scale submarine to a compartment flood, to within an average accuracy of 1% at model-scale. However, the range of the non-dimensional flow angles the FRM exhibited was shown to be within that for a full-scale flood trajectory. Therefore, further tests have been proposed to increase the extent of the data in the future.
Dynamic of the Evaluation of Social Entrepreneurship Concept
Authors: Şengüllendi Muhammet Fatih
Published: December 2020

Research on social entrepreneurship has increased especially in the last 10 years. The reason for this is the contribution of social entrepreneurship to both social and economic development. The purpose of this research is to perform a bibliometric analysis of a total of 926 social entrepreneurship articles in the WoS (Web of Science) database. These data reveal the most prestigious authors, countries, journals, and articles in the field of social entrepreneurship. In addition, other concepts related to social entrepreneurship were visualized with co-word analysis. As a result of the analysis, the chapter is presented with ideas to show how scientific research progresses in the field and for future studies. At the same time, it explains the recent form in Turkish studies using the TR-Index database.
Social Enterprises as Hybrid Organisations
Authors: Saraç Mehlika
Published: December 2020

Social enterprises are organizations that seek to achieve social goals through innovative and social value-creating activities. However, besides their social objectives, they are confronting financial and resource-based challenges in the markets to provide their sustainability. The tension between these dual objectives leads organizations to focus on one of the strategies value-creating or value capture. However, in recent years, hybrid organizing is seen as an alternative way of balancing dual objectives. Thus this study aims to understand how hybrid social enterprises perform well and create social impact. A qualitative descriptive single case study approach will be used to analyze a hybrid organization and its consequences.
Creating Shared Value and Social Innovation
Authors: Kuschel Katherina , Méndez Pinzón Manuel
Published: December 2020

This multiple case study of nine entrepreneurial ventures with social emphasis operating in Colombia, Peru, and Chile identifies vital elements that make these firms impactful in three dimensions: economic, environmental, and social. The results found that the founder's proximity to the social/ecological problem is a trigger to start up a business. The “purpose” is a motivational factor to both start up a business and keep the business during hard times, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose is the fuel, but it does not guarantee the success of the company. The value proposition is the critical factor for success. These companies are continually re-inventing and changing their value proposition while keeping the purpose of the organization as a keystone. The authors shed light on a model for social entrepreneurship in South America.
When Music Changes, so Does the Dance
Authors: Morgül Gözde , Fındıklı Mine Afacan
Published: December 2020

This chapter examines the role of social enterprises/entrepreneurs from the perspective of the COVID-19 outbreak and discussed the importance of social entrepreneurship. In this context, answers to the following questions are sought: Did social enterprises/entrepreneurs stand out during the COVID-19 era, particularly the social value they created? Do social enterprises/entrepreneurs perform studies especially for groups experiencing social exclusion during the COVID-19 era? The study based on qualitative research reveals that by producing innovative, fast, and effective solutions social initiatives have won the approval of society. The headlines of leading media outlets published between December 2019 and June 2020 and discourses from social actors confirm the rising critical value of social entrepreneurs.
Principles and Applications of Narrowband IoT
Authors: Akanksha Eisha
Published: December 2020

The internet of things (IoT) brings ‘life' to non-living things. In the IoT frameworks, the devices become smarter, more intelligent, become able to make decisions, and can communicate with other entities, applications, as well as human beings. According to a Gartner report, by 2020 more than 25 billion devices will be connected to the internet. Low power wireless wide area network (LPWAN) is a group of various low power, wide-area technologies such as LoRa, Sigfox, NB-IoT, DASH7, RPMA, LTE-M, designed to interconnect low bandwidth, battery-operated devices having limited processing power, limited memory, transmission speed with low bit rates at long-range using radio communication technologies. Most of these technologies provide a long battery life, low deployment cost, large capacity, and generates deeper insights of businesses. However, each technology differs in latency, data rate, handover mechanisms, quality of services, applications, and use cases. In this chapter, the authors provide the basic principles of these LPWANs and present their applications in different domains.
Narrowband IoT for Emergency Medicine
Authors: Routray Subrata Kumar
Published: December 2020

The arrival of internet of things (IoT) is a new revolution in the information and communication technologies. It added several new dimensions to the new and existing platforms of ICTs. It has improved the quality of our modern living by several new and smart technologies and their value-added applications. Applying the new emerging technologies in emergency medical services could offer better services to human lives during the emergency conditions. This chapter provides an overview of utilizing the IoT in the field of emergency medicine. IoT has tremendous potential to transform how the healthcare providers interact with patients. In order to achieve this, the healthcare sectors need widespread adoption and implementation of IoT. Healthcare sector is huge when compared with other IoT-enabled sectors. Therefore, the widespread deployment of IoT needs an effective version of IoT which is economical and does not pose any risk to the patients. Both these criteria can be met by the lighter and simpler version of IoT known as narrowband IoT (NBIoT). It is suitable due to its low power wide area (LPWA) coverage capabilities. In this chapter, the authors review the network architectures, applications, and trends of NBIoT in the modern healthcare. They further discuss how different wearable devices with coordinated smart sensors can improve emergency monitoring of patients for improved services in out-hospital and in-hospital scenarios. Finally, they give an account of advantages and disadvantages NBIoT in the emergency medical applications.
Investigation of Organizational Culture in Family Firms
Authors: Tomovska Misoska Ana , Stefanovska-Petkovska Miodraga , Bojadjiev Marjan , Mileva Ivona
Published: December 2020

The goal of the chapter is to provide an in-depth and comparative understanding of the instruments of organizational culture that exist and provide a review of academic research evidence on their performance in family firms. Furthermore, the chapter will provide an additional insight into a novel instrument for diagnosing organizational alignment – Vox Organizationis (the “voice” of the organization). The chapter will provide an introduction to family firms and the challenges and survival; comparative and critical review of existing relevant instruments of organizational culture and assessment of their implementation in measuring organizational culture in family firms and presentation of Vox Organizationis – an instrument based on a novel methodology for measuring organizational alignment, culture, and leadership values; and review of evidence and recommendations on its implementation in family firms. The chapter will provide the reader with an increased understanding of how and with which instruments to measure organizational culture and alignment in family firms.
The Impact of Strategic Orientation and Reverse Logistics Capabilities on Organizational Performance
Authors: Doğru Çağlar
Published: December 2020

Organizations continuously look for ways to improve their performances in order to survive. This is why they generate strategies and try to strengthen their resources and capabilities. In this chapter, the effects of strategic orientation and reverse logistics capabilities on the organizational performance are aimed to reveal on a literature review basis. According to the evidence from literature, it is revealed that the more an organization is strategically oriented, the higher its economic, social, and environmental performance. Similarly, it is revealed in this chapter that gaining reverse logistics capabilities have positive effects on organizational performance by decreasing costs, increasing quality and customer satisfaction.
Economic Opportunities in One Belt One Road (OBOR) Project and Turkey's Position
Authors: Turan İlteriş , Koç Aytekin Güner
Published: December 2020

After a short time from the discovery of silk by China, it had become a status symbol in the world, and it reached up to the Roman Empire. This created trade routes and they were called the “Silk Road.” The goods that came to the Mediterranean through this historical trade route were distributed to the world through Mediterranean ports. However, invention of compass by China paved the way for geographical discoveries and new trade routes were found as a result of these discoveries. These developments reduced importance of the Silk Road. Approx. 500 years later, China became a manufacturing center as a result of its trade with the West. This situation reminded China of the “Historic Silk Road,” and they announced the project under the name of One Belt One Road to the world in 2013, which is essentially a modern version of the “Historic Silk Road.” Economic Opportunities In Obor Project will be analysed in this study.
Effects of the Exchange Rate on the Export Share of Sales in Borsa Istanbul Firms
Authors: Ünal Serkan
Published: December 2020

For many years, the current account deficit problem is on the agenda of policymakers and academics in Turkey. With the exchange rate shock experienced in 2018, the importance of the current account deficit has become clearer. The relationship between exchange rates and trade flow is one of the issues frequently discussed in the literature. In this study, to contribute to the subject from a different perspective, the 12-year data of 230 companies traded on Borsa Istanbul from 2008 to 2019 were used and the share of these companies' exports in their total sales was analyzed. According to the research findings, there is a strong, statistically significant, and positive relationship between real Euro/USD exchange rate and export shares of Turkish firms. There is also a positive relationship between the real Euro rate and export share of automotive firms in Borsa İstanbul.
Epileptic Seizure Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Eyupoglu Can
Published: December 2020

Epilepsy is a brain disorder that can be defined as a short-time and temporary occurrence of symptoms because of abnormal extreme or synchronous neuronal activity of the brain. Almost one percent of the world's population is struggling with epilepsy illness. The detection of epileptic seizures is mainly realized with reading the electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings by medical doctors due to the unpredictable and complex nature of the disease. This process takes much time and depends on the expert's experience. For this reason, automatic seizure detection using EEG recordings is necessary and of great importance for the comfort of medical doctors and patients. While detecting epileptic seizure automatically, machine learning techniques are used in the field of computer science. This chapter deals with the methods, approaches, models, and techniques which are utilized to detect epileptic seizures.
Autopoietic Cognitive Systems in Management Applications
Authors: Nowak-Nova Dariusz
Published: December 2020

This chapter presents the study of available literature describing autopoietic systems using the systematic mapping study method. Using the knowledge domain visualization technique, the areas of application for management cognitive systems and described therein self-sufficient processes responsible for the success of an organisation were presented. In the study, the research domains considered from the perspective of autopoiesis, such as cognitive computing (CC), information system (IS), communications systems, and Social Systems, were isolated. The study demonstrated that systems implemented based on CC in connection with IS are recommended for management systems. Research confirmed that CC applications using cognitive systems in autopoietic cognitive systems solutions constitute a developing field. Finally, specific and practical applications of cognitive technologies capable of being translated into the economic success of enterprises were indicated.
Business Autopoiesis Through Process Referencing
Authors: Pańkowska Małgorzata B.
Published: December 2020

In this chapter, the concept of autopoietic system is assumed to stem from the theory of social communication systems, which reproduce all their specific structures and self-referential processes. This chapter aims at the analysis of business process development and management. The main goal is to present an original framework of business process management. Through this framework, business processes can be interpreted as autonomic artifacts which are created, discovered, explored, and disseminated within social communities of practice. This constant reproduction of processes and their dissemination allows the social organization to exist, cope with internal complexity, and achieve its operational goals. The chapter consists of three main parts. The first part covers the systematic literature review on business process mining and referencing. The second part includes the discussion on presented business process framework. The last part comprises a case study to present and discuss the application of the framework for the development of academic virtual education processes.
The Fundamental Roles of Technology in the Spread of Fake News
Authors: Dale Thomas
Published: December 2020

Following the 2016 United States Presidential Election, fake news has been the subject of much discussion, research and, ironically, news. This chapter examines how technology enables the creation and spread of fake news stories through the democratization of creation tools, by exploiting the increasing difficulty of discerning between amateur and professional content through digital publication, and, arguably most significantly, through the indiscriminate curation of content through algorithms. These three technological factors together have exponentially compounded the spread of fake news by enabling creators with new opportunities for profit and influence and weakening readers' ability to effectively assess the value of the content they consume or share.
Fake Online News
Authors: Adikpo Janet Aver
Published: December 2020

Today, the media environment has traversed several phases of technological advancements and as a result, there is a shift in the production and consumption of news. This chapter conceived fake news within the milieu of influencing information spread in the society, especially on the cyberspace. Using the hierarchy of influence model trajectory with fake news, it was established that it has become almost impossible to sustain trust and credibility through individual influences on online news content. The primary reason is that journalists are constrained by professional ethics, organizational routines, and ownership influence. Rather than verify facts and offer supporting claims, online users without professional orientation engage in a reproducing information indiscreetly. The chapter recommends that ethics be reconsidered as a means to recreate and imbibe journalistic values that will contend with the fake news pandemic.
Navigating an Immersive Narratology
Authors: Wiggins Bradley E.
Published: December 2020

In direct response to the rise in fake news as a socio-cultural and political phenomenon, this article presents an analysis of the factors that may help to explain the reception of fake news. In addition, recent pronouncements made by the Trump White House seem to challenge the nature of an objective truth. An immersive narratology emphasizes that different universes of discourse can intermingle and overlap, with fact and fiction becoming difficult to distinguish in our increasingly mediated lives. A tenable definition of fake news is offered prior to exploring historical antecedents of fake news. Persuasion, construction, immersion, distribution, and polarization represent the core factors that demystify the reception of fake news regardless as to whether an individual believes a story. A concluding discussion offers a critical evaluation of the potential of fake news to augment the news media landscape in the coming years.
The Biased Media and Their Utilization of Propaganda
Authors: Ross David B. , Peyton Gina L. , Sasso Melissa T. , Matteson Rande W. , Matteson Cortney E.
Published: December 2020

Propaganda is a widely controversial issue, especially when it collides with the media and politicians. This complex system creates a tension between those who have a personal agenda to disseminate false statements to advance their plan to manipulate the minds of the public. Based upon 24/7 cable news and social media, there seems to be a miscommunication and disconnect from the truth regarding how the media reports world events, politics, environment, and how politicians were elected to help their constituents, not their own personal agendas. This chapter will address the concern for a better system of reporting the facts and not personal agendas of propaganda-styled broadcasts and non-fact stories that lack truth. In addition, the history of the utilization of propaganda, the definition of this term, the theoretical framework for the theory of propaganda will be revealed, and how this ties in with media and political actors. Furthermore, various techniques, media, politics, and how to rectify these situations with open, trusting, and straightforward communications will be debated.
Information Influence in Hybrid Environment
Authors: Huhtinen Aki-Mauri , Kotilainen Noora , Särmä Saara , Streng Mikko
Published: December 2020

The traditional government-military-public relationship to the public driver's relationship is moving to the government and military. Conflicts are increasingly asymmetrical, networked, urbanized and open to the global publicities because of internet global connections and especially global access to the social media. The public-driven network-based global possibility to online communication means threats and the nature of conflict to become “hybrid.” “Hybrid warfare” challenges the standard way of waging military operations. Military and security organizations have to combat new technologies of their adversaries. This article sets out to discuss the phenomena of hybrid warfare in contemporary rhizomatic society and a hybrid media environment. Furthermore, this research considers how reflexive control functions can provide a historical perspective to ahistorical accounts of hybrid warfare and thus help us to better understand the contemporary challenges and threats of hybrid warfare, particularly coming from Russia.
Mutual Understanding in the Age of Vulnerable Truth
Authors: Maulana Ikbal
Published: December 2020

Peaceful relations among people require mutual understanding among them, which in turn necessitates information exchange. Current information and communication technologies (ICT) allow people to exchange information, offer information about themselves, and search information about others with ease, therefore, technically, misunderstanding among people can be easily overcome. However, having access to abundance of information does not necessarily make people knowledgeable and wise. It is because information is not always intended to inform or enlighten others, but also mislead and deceive them. Despite the many problems arising from the utilization of ICT, this chapter suggests that technological solutions should be developed to identify fake information and minimize its impacts, namely, by making users more transparent, exposing them to different world views, and assisting them in identifying false information. It also argues that education is essential to promote global mutual understanding.
Perception Is (as) Reality
Authors: Knight Catherine , Calemmo Margaux
Published: December 2020

It is the goal of this chapter is to explore the challenges inherent to a “post-fact” society through the lens of the school public information specialist and the library media specialist. The role of the school public information officer (PIO) has changed with the proliferation of opinion as “fact” on the internet and social media. Educating the public on all school-related matters, PIOs must be media-literate, effective content consumers and content generators, with the skills to gauge and predict the opinions of their voting public. Similarly, library media specialists tasked with educating students as consumers of information in the fast-paced, “on demand” digital age requires an understanding of their evolving role as content generators. Effective media literacy instruction encompasses more than simply using technology and electronic media in the educational setting. Rather, it begins with the understanding that students are ill equipped to critically evaluate the electronic mediums they so closely identify with.
News Credibility and Media Literacy in the Digital Age
Authors: Tsang Stephanie Jean
Published: December 2020

With the hostile media phenomenon as an overarching framework, this chapter discusses how challenging it can be for media literacy education to successfully combat motivated reasoning in which individuals are likely to be hostile when exposed to news content that is incongruent with their personal point of view. Such discussion is vital in times when news audiences are cynical and skeptical towards both politicians and media agencies. Given the importance of understanding and studying individuals' perceptions of news biases and assessments of news credibility, this chapter makes a case for establishing more objective standards for journalistic work to overcome the challenges brought about by the rise of fake news in the digital era.
Media Literacy in Higher Education Environments
Authors: Cubbage Jayne
Published: December 2020

In this introductory chapter, the author seeks to establish an easy-to-follow narrative of media literacy implementation in higher education, which would potentially encourage personal experiences and student needs to be considered when individual faculty members seek to enhance existing curricula and courses. This introduction also provides a brief outline of each chapter within the volume and the various ways in which contributing authors illustrate their own incorporation of media literacy principles into existing curriculum at their respective colleges and universities. The author also details her personal journey and experiences with media literacy as a student, professional journalist, and an academician ultimately detailing the pathway to enhancing the curriculum in her current department while highlighting some of her own experiences teaching media literacy in higher education. This chapter also provides key takeaways and tips for adding media literacy to existing courses and department curricula.
Nonlinear Threshold Effects of Institutional Quality on Capital Flight
Authors: Das Nirmol Chandra , Chowdhury Mohammad Ashraful Ferdous , Islam Md. Nazrul
Published: December 2020

Over the years, capital flight is a major concern for the countries where institutional quality is severely deficient. Almost all the literature emphasized the role of institutional quality on development. However, a possible question still remains unsettled what would be the optimum or threshold level of institutional quality that would create a milieu of least possible capital flight. The purpose of this study is to find the threshold value of institutional quality indicators and its impact on the capital flight of Bangladesh. Using the ICRG and WGI governance data over the period 1989 to 2016, the nonlinear regression proved that up to certain threshold level of institutional quality, interest rate differential reduces while economic growth stimulates net capital flight (NCF) of Bangladesh. Additionally, up to a certain threshold, level of corruption and interest rate differential lower NCF while beyond that level no effect exists. However, none of those independent variables affects NCF whenever the role of government stability threshold is considered.
Shopper Segmentation Using Multivariate Risk Analysis for Innovative Marketing Strategies
Authors: Somasekhar G. , Krishna K. Srinivasa , Reddy Ashok Kumar , Kumar T. Kishore , Somasekhar G.
Published: December 2020

Shopper buying behaviour is essential for the retailers to segment the shoppers in accordance to their disruptive attitude and perception for better innovative strategies which may lead to higher profits. The major purpose of this study to categorize the shoppers into distinct groups based on their risk-based perception for the organized retail outlets in Bangladesh. Seven hundred eighty-five respondents were responding on 21 variables related to store which influence their buying behaviour. In the present study, the shoppers were classified into three segments such as value seekers and disruptive to please shoppers, quality and style-driven shoppers, sensory-driven, and not interested shoppers by using innovative k-means cluster analysis. The results of the study help to retailers in understanding the various disruptive segments of shoppers in relation to their importance for store attributes affected by their demographic characteristics and guide the retailers to take necessary actions regard redesign of retail mix to provide innovative value to the shoppers.
Developing High Affect-Based Trust in U.S.-China Business Negotiations
Authors: Lam Maria Lai-Ling
Published: December 2020

Through an empirical study of 60 Chinese executives in the U.S. and Hong Kong, Chinese executives hired by American corporations are found to develop high affect-based trust with their Chinese counterparts through appropriate monitoring processes and four key tactics according to their shared interdependent self-concepts. They seldom transfer their affect-based trust to the relationships between American and Chinese negotiators unless they perceive themselves as having more power over the entire negotiation process and more accountability for the implementation of the project after the negotiation. These executives prefer to compartmentalize themselves and develop high cognitive-based trust with their American teammates. American corporations must understand the importance of establishing affect-based trust through appropriate monitoring processes according to the interdependent self-concepts. They must expect to change their routine American practices that are grounded in independent self-concepts if they want to see higher levels of success in U.S.-China business negotiations.
The Influence of Quality Management on Organization Performance
Authors: Sumardi Sumardi , Fernandes Adji Achmad Rinaldo
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is the effect of the quality management system on service performance. The sample target was the organizations/fields of the consulting companies represented by the permanent experts or skilled manpower working accordingly with the field of construction planning services. Determination of the use of the sample was based on the rule of thumb in structural equation modeling (SEM), which amounted 10x20 indicators or 200 respondents. There is significant influence between the variables of the quality management system to service quality and company performance, but there is no significant effect on product characteristics. The quality management system focuses on earning user satisfaction by applying basic principles to the management of good companies. Organizations can apply the principles of quality management systems in some organizational processes; with the flexibility and benefits that exist, this quality management system could be a tool for business owners.
Experiencing Presence in a Gaming Activity Improves Mood After a Negative Mood Induction
Authors: Weber Stefan , Mast Fred W. , Weibel David
Published: December 2020

Research suggests that immersion in computer games is beneficial for recovering from stress and improving mood. However, no study linked explicit measures of presence—individually experienced immersion—to mood enhancement. In the present experiment, immersion of a gaming activity was varied, and levels of presence and enjoyment were measured and connected to mood repair after a stress-induction. The participants (N = 77) played a game in virtual reality (VR; high immersion), on the desktop (medium immersion), or watched a recording of the game (low immersion). Positive emotions were enhanced in the high and medium, but not the low immersion condition. Presence was a significant predictor in the VR condition. Furthermore, an explanatory mediation analysis showed that enjoyment mediated the effect of presence on mood repair. These findings demonstrate positive effects of presence experiences in gaming. Strong presence in VR seems especially helpful for enhancing mood and building up positive emotional resources.
High-Performance Apparel and Wearable Devices for Hot Environments
Authors: Angelova Radostina A.
Published: December 2020

Smart and intelligent textiles together with wearable devices for cooling the human body assure active protection of the human body in a hot environment. The purpose of this article is to present the recent inventions in the field of wearable technologies and high-performance apparel that helps the thermophysiological comfort of people in high-temperature environments. The work of the thermoregulatory system when the body heat storage is higher than the heat dissipation from the body to the environment is presented together with experimental results from thermograms during physical exercise. High-performance textiles, used in sports apparel, are analyzed in terms of their ability to cool the human body during high metabolic activity. Wearable devices for helping the thermophysiological comfort in the hot are also discussed.
Plasma Nitriding of Hard Chromium Electroplated Low Alloy AISI 4340 Steel in Pure Nitrogen Gas Atmosphere
Authors: Mokhtara Soheib , Zidani Mosbah , Alim Mohamed Mounis , Mechachti Said
Published: December 2020

Duplex treatments are surface modification techniques used to enhance the surface properties of steels. In this study, hard chromium electroplated AISI 4340 steel was plasma nitrided in pure nitrogen gas at 600°C for 90 min. The structural and morphological properties were analysed by an X-ray diffractometer and a scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The hardness profile was obtained by a multicycle nanoindentation test and the tribological properties by a ball-on-disk test at room temperature. The results showed that the duplex layer was composed mainly of Cr2N and it had a rough surface morphology with a network of micro-cracks. The highest values of hardness were registered in the nitrogen diffusion layer beneath the outer porous thin layer. The friction coefficient and the specific wear rate after plasma nitriding were reduced by 3 and 5 factors, respectively.
Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers as Sources for Optical Communication Systems: A Review
Authors: Moatlhodi Ogomoditse Oduetse , Ditshego Nonofo M.J. , Samikannu Ravi
Published: December 2020

Next generation integrated photonic circuits will be dominated by small footprint devices with lower power consumption, low threshold currentsand high efficiencies. Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) having those attractive qualities has shown results to meet the next generation demands for optical communication sources. VCSELs applications are sensors, data com, optical communication, spectroscopy, printers, optical storage, laser displays, atomic optical clocks, laser radar, optical signal processing to name a few. This review centres around on the basic operation of semiconductor lasers, structure analysis of the devices and parameter optimisation for optical communication systems. This paper will provide comparisons on growth techniques and material selection and intends to give the best material realisation for nano optical sources that are up to date as used in optical communication systems. It also provides summarised improvements by other research groups in realisation of VCSELs looking at speeds, efficiency, temperature dependence and the device physical dimensions. Different semiconductor device growth methods, light emitting materials and VCSELs state of art are reviewed. Discussions and a comparisons on different methods used for realising VCSELs are also looked into in this paper.
An integrative literature review on intimate partner violence against women in South Korea
Authors: Min Hye Young , Lee Jung Min , Kim Yoonjung
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze and synthesize the literature on intimate partner violence (IPV) against women in South Korea. Methods: Whittemore and Knafl’s integrative review method was used. Studies in English and Korean were searched in seven electronic databases using the following combination of terms: “Korea,” “females or women or girls,” “intimate partner violence or domestic violence or domestic abuse.” Results: Twenty-five studies were ultimately selected, all of which met the quality appraisal criteria with a grade of medium or higher, using Gough’s weight of evidence. IPV was divided into marital violence and dating violence. Factors related to IPV were classified into intrapersonal, interpersonal, and social factors, and these three factors were linked together. Intrapersonal factors included general characteristics, perceptions, attitudes, psychological factors, and violent experiences. Interpersonal factors involved relationships with parents and partners. Finally, social factors and attributes were integrated into social support and influences on life. In order to minimize and prevent harm to women from IPV when caring for women, multiple factors should be considered.Conclusion: The findings will be helpful for future IPV research in that they identified points to consider when preventing IPV or caring for victims. Specifically, general and psychological characteristics, perceptions and attitudes toward IPV, relationships with families and partners, and available social support systems and resources should be considered. Moreover, these findings will be helpful for assessing women or providing interventions for victims of violence. Finally, more diverse IPV studies should be conducted by nurses in the future.
Preemptive analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided transversalis fascia plane block in children undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study
Authors: Abdelbaser Ibrahim , Mageed Nabil A. , El-Emam El-Sayed M. , ALseoudy Mahmoud M. , Elmorsy Mohamed M.
Published: December 2020

Background: Surgical repair of congenital inguinal hernia results in significant postoperative discomfort and pain. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of a transversalis fascia plane (TFP) block after pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy.Methods: Forty-four patients aged 12 to 60 months who underwent unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy were enrolled. Four patients were excluded, and the remaining were allocated to the control group and the TFP block group. In the TFP block group, 0.4 mL/kg bupivacaine 0.25% was instilled in the plane between the transversus abdominis and transversalis fascia, while in the control group 0.9% saline was used instead of bupivacaine. The collected data were the total dose of paracetamol consumed during the first 12 h postoperatively, the postoperative Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) pain score, time to first use of rescue analgesia, number of patients required additional postoperative analgesics, and parents' satisfaction.Results: The median paracetamol consumption was significantly lower in the TFP block group than in the control group, and FLACC pain scores were significantly lower for all study times in the TFP block group with higher parental satisfaction scores than those for the control group. The number of patients who required additional analgesics was significantly lower in the TFP block group than in the control group. Conclusions: The use of a TFP block decreases postoperative analgesic consumption and postoperative pain intensity after pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy. Future studies with larger sample size are required to evaluate the actual complications rate of TFP block.
The Combined Effect of Squid Pen Chitooligosaccharide and High Voltage Cold Atmospheric Plasma on the Quality of Asian Sea Bass Slices Inoculated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Singh Avtar , Benjakul Soottawat , Olatunde Oladipupo Odunayo , Yesilsu Ahmet Faruk
Published: December 2020

The effects of chitooligosaccharide (COS) at different concentrations (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%, w/w) without and with the application of high voltage cold atmospheric plasma (HVCAP) at different ratios of argon (Ar) and oxygen (O2), 90%Ar/10%O2 and 80%Ar/20%O2 on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa inoculated (6 log CFU/mL) on Asian sea bass slices were monitored for 0 and 24 h incubation at 4ºC. Impact of COS on the changes in lipid and protein oxidation caused by HVCAP was also determined. All the HVCAP treated slices showed reduction in Pseudomonas count (PC) as compared to control (without any treatment) at both 0 and 24 h of incubation (p<0.05). However, decrease in PC was enhanced when HVCAP treated slices were combined with COS, particularly with higher O2 ratio (20%). COS inhibited lipid and protein oxidation of the slices treated with HVCAP as indicated by lower peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total carbonyl content. For all treated slices, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) was decreased at both incubation times, compared to the control. Micrograph analysis showed perforated, deformed and distorted cells of Pseudomonas after treatment alone or in combination. Therefore, COS could lower microbial load when combined with HVCAP and simultaneously could reduce the adverse impact of both protein and lipid oxidation, in slices treated with HVCAP.