bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment effect modifiers of immunotherapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis—A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Heesen Christoph , Röver Christian , Salem Susanna , Heinz Judith , Chard Declan , Rio Jordi , Fittipaldo Andrea V , Lehnert Thomas , Köpke Sascha , Solari Alessandra , Sormani Maria Pia , Friede Tim , Rahn Anne C
Published: October 2024

Background

This meta-analysis aimed to assess the treatment effects of immunotherapies in subgroups of adults with clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the effect of potential treatment effect modifiers (TEMs).

Methods

Phase 2 and 3 RCTs with a placebo comparator were analyzed. Risk of bias was assessed. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to summarize treatment effects within subgroups and differences in treatment effects between subgroups.

Results

Thirty-one studies were included. Age < 40 years was the strongest TEM for relapse rate across DMTs with a ratio of rate ratios (RRR) of 1.44 (95% CI 1.09–1.90; 7 studies). Disability progression was influenced by age (ratio of hazard ratios, RHR 1.59, 95% CI 1.11–2.29; 4 studies). Dichotomizing patients based on EDSS cut-offs (EDSS 2.0 and 3.0) also showed a significantly higher benefit for those less disabled for relapse rate (RRR 1.35, CI 1.03–1.76; 8 studies). Sex, baseline MRI parameters, previous immunotherapy, and clinical presentation showed no effect in this meta-analysis.

Conclusion

Age < 40 is a robust TEM for a lower relapse rate as well as less disability progression across six MS immunotherapies. Additionally, a lower baseline EDSS was predictive of the relapse rate.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee
Authors: Adachi Nobuo
Published: October 2024

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee is a common osteochondral lesion in young generation, in which the subchondral bone eventually separates along with its superficial cartilage layer. Various treatment options are available depending on the condition of the lesion and the age of the patient, but if the osteochondral fragments are not treated properly, joint conformity may be greatly impaired and joint function is significantly reduced, leading to the secondary osteoarthritis. Therefore, early and appropriate diagnosis and treatment are important. For diagnosis, it is important to determine the status of OCD lesions and subchondral bone in the knee using plain radiography, MRI, and CT. Depending on the patient's age, the affected area, and the condition of the lesion, conservative treatment and surgical treatment such as drilling, bone grafting, osteochondral fragment fixation, osteochondral grafting, and implantation of the cultured cartilage are selected for treatment. Especially in cases of extensive OCD of the knee where the lesion is detached and the anatomical congruity cannot be achieved, we have used tissue engineering techniques to implant the cartilage-like tissue prepared ex vivo and have obtained good postoperative results.

In this presentation, we describe the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of juvenile osteochondritis of the knee.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Tibial Eminence Avulsion Fracture: A Case Series
Authors: Dewantara Armansyah Nur , Wien Aryana I Gusti Ngurah , Febyan
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are common orthopaedic injuries, especially among patients participating in sports. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. This article describes several cases of ACL rupture management with eminentia avulsion.

Case presentation:

This case series describes 3 cases of ACL tear with eminentia avulsion. The first patient was a 31-year-old woman with right knee pain since 6 months ago after a traumatic fall from a motorcycle. The second patient, a 16-year-old girl with a history of bending her legs inward during exercise. The third patient is a 49-year-old woman with a history of accidents and complaints of knee pain. All three patients found ACL tear accompanied by an avulsion fracture on the tibial eminence and then undergo ACL reconstruction.

Discussion:

The most common mechanism of trauma, which leads to a disruption of ACL, is a trauma forcing the knee in hyperextension combined with valgus-external rotation. At times, these lesions can occur in adults; in this instance, the main cause is high-energy trauma, such as road accidents. Based on case reports and previous research, the management approach in this case is still debatable in children and adults and requires a specific approach in each case.

Conclusion:

The management of ACL reconstruction in patients with tibial eminence avulsion involvement is still a challenge for orthopedic surgeon. Given the rarer cases, a different approach is needed in young and adult cases. Each case requires proper management to improve the patient's functional outcome and their quality of life.
Correlation between antropometric status with Hamstring graft Sizes for ACL reconstruction
Authors: Kenovita Ardani Dewa Ayu Raina , Utoyo Ghuna Arioharjo
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Preoperative prediction of hamstring tendon lengths and graft diameter for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction provide better preoperative planning. Hamstring graft is one of most common used graft, and gained wide popularity as it provides comparable stiffness and tensile properties in addition to better cosmesis and decreased donor site morbidity compared to BPTB graft which caused anterior knee pain, and kneeling discomfort. Since graft strength is directly related to cross-sectional area of the graft, a minimum size of 8 mm of graft diameter has been recommended for the success of ACL reconstruction and reduce the risk of graft failure. A preoperative planning to determine Hamstring Graft sizes is important to achieve a successful ACL reconstruction.

Material and Methods:

An anthropometric data of total 100 samples was collected. The patient which included in this study is patients with ACL rupture confirmed by MRI and undergo primary arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft. The antropometric data which was collected from patients are height, weight, body mass index, and thigh circumference. The collected data was being analyze with IBM SPSS Statistics (version 24), Pearson’s test was used to identify correlations between anthropometric measurements and graft sizes.

Discussion:

There is a positive correlation between the patient height (p value 0.004) and thigh circumference (p value 0.017) with semitendinosus and gracilis graft length. There is also positive correlation between height (p value 0.00) and thigh circumference (p value 0.010) with graft diameter. Mean ACL length in this study was 27.11 mm and mean ACL width in this study was 8 mm.

Conclusion:

This study shows a positive correlation between patient height and thigh circumference with the hamstring graft length and diameter.
Comparison between US and India-made bone fixation brand in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a single-center experience from North Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Tantyo Rafell , Setyowardoyo Nugroho , Pradnyadewa Pradana Putu Gede
Published: October 2024

Introduction & Aims:

An injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) stands out as a frequently observed musculoskeletal injury in knee joint, whereby one of the treatments is reconstruction. ACL sprains and tears incidences are at a range of 100,000 to 200,000 cases annually in the United States. ACL reconstruction is commonly executed using an autograft, allograft (donor tissue), or synthetic graft, and is generally carried out through knee arthroscopy. This case series aims to highlight the contrast of the utilization of brands manufactured in the United States and India, focusing on ACL Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) score and tear recurrence.

Materials & Methods:

We enrolled individuals who had experienced an ACL tear and had undergone reconstruction during the period of January 2020 to February 2023, with a minimum follow-up period of at least six months. Participants with multi-ligament knee injuries, mid-substance tears, and tibial avulsion fractures were not included. We collected data on demographic details and outcomes reported by the patients. The ACL-RSI score and tear recurrence were used as a measure to assess the success of the reconstruction.

Results:

The mean follow-up duration was 18.25 ± 9.64 months. Twelve patients met the inclusion criteria, with an average age of 35.0 ± 5.74 years. Those patients had a mean ACL-RSI score of 81.33 ± 9.11. Nine patients underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using India-made bone fixation brand, while the rest were managed using United States-made bone fixation brand. Tear recurrence rate in India-made brand was found to be at 22.22% and ACL-RSI mean score of 78.22 ± 8.33, while United States-made brand had no tear recurrence and ACL-RSI mean score of 90.67 ± 2.08.

Conclusions:

This case series shows that United States-made brand had a better tear recurrence rate and ACL-RSI mean score.
The VALTIVE1 study protocol: a study for the validation of Tie2 as the first tumour vascular response biomarker for VEGF inhibitors
Authors: Carucci Margherita , Clamp Andrew , Zhou Cong , Hurt Chris , Glasspool Rosalind , Monaghan Phillip J. , Thirkettle Sally , Wheatley Michael , Mahmood Madia , Narasimham Monica , Cox Tracy , Morrison Hilary , Campbell Susan , Nelson Annmarie , Holland-Hart Daniella , Hopewell-Kelly Noreen , Thomas Abin , Porter Catharine , Slusarczyk Magdalena , Irving Alys , Dive Caroline , Adams Richard , Jayson Gordon C.
Published: October 2024

Background

Anti-angiogenic, VEGF inhibitors (VEGFi) increase progression-free survival (PFS) and, in some cases, overall survival in many solid tumours. However, their use has been compromised by a lack of informative biomarkers. We have shown that plasma Tie2 is the first tumour vascular response biomarker for VEGFi in ovarian, colorectal and gall bladder cancer: If plasma Tie2 concentrations do not change after 9 weeks of treatment with a VEGFi, the patient does not benefit, whereas a confirmed reduction of at least 10% plasma Tie2 defines a vascular response with a hazard ratio (HR) for PFS of 0.56. The aim of the VALTIVE1 study is to validate the utility of plasma Tie2 as a vascular response biomarker and to optimise the Tie2-definition of vascular response so that the subsequent randomised discontinuation VALTIVE2 study can be powered optimally.

Methods

VALTIVE1 is a multi-centre, single arm, non-interventional biomarker study, with a sample size of 205 participants (176 bevacizumab-treated participants + 29 participants receiving bevacizumab and olaparib/PARPi), who are 16 years or older, have FIGO stage IIIc/IV ovarian cancer on treatment with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and bevacizumab. Their blood plasma samples will be collected before, during, and after treatment and the concentration of Tie2 will be determined. The primary objective is to define the PFS difference between Tie2-defined vascular responders and Tie2-defined vascular non-responders in patients receiving bevacizumab for high-risk Ovarian Cancer. Secondary objectives include defining the relationship between Tie2-defined vascular progression and disease progression assessed according to RECIST 1.1 criteria and assessing the impact of PARPi on the plasma concentration of Tie2 and, therefore, the decision-making utility of Tie2 as a vascular response biomarker for bevacizumab during combined bevacizumab-PARPi maintenance.

Discussion

There is an urgent need to establish a test that tells patients and their doctors when VEGFi are working and when they stop working. The data generated from this study will be used to design a second trial aiming to prove conclusively the value of the Tie2 test.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04523116. Registered on 21 Aug 2020.
How does the position of the pelvis and femur influence the selection of prosthesis size during 2D preoperative planning for total hip arthroplasty?
Authors: Wu Junzhe , Lin Chaohui , Zhuang Xunrong , He Lijiang , Wang Jiawei , Zhou Xinzhe , Xu Nanjie , Xie Huating , Lv Hanzhang , Ye Hui , Zhang Rongmou
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is the primary treatment for hip diseases today. Nevertheless, total hip arthroplasty has its challenges, and one of these challenges is the potential for incorrect execution of the preoperative planning process. Such errors can lead to complications such as loosening and instability of the prosthesis and leg length discrepancy. In this study, we used human phantoms to investigate the influence of pelvic and femoral factors on prosthesis size selection in the preoperative planning of total hip arthroplasty and to provide a reference standard for clinical imaging in preoperative planning of total hip arthroplasty.

Methods

In this experiment, we utilised a custom-made experimental device that enabled us to manipulate the movement of the pelvis and femur in various directions. The device also incorporated sensors to control the angle of movement. By obtaining X-rays from different positions and angles, we were able to determine the size of the prosthesis based on the 2D preoperative planning generated by the mediCAD software.

Results

When the pelvis was in a nonneutral position, the size of the acetabular cup varied within a range of three sizes. Similarly, when the femur was in a nonneutral position, the size of the femoral stem varied within a range of two sizes. The movement of the pelvis and femur in the coronal plane, relative to the neutral position, did not impact the selection of the prosthesis size. However, the motion of the pelvis and femur in the sagittal and transverse planes had a notable effect.

Conclusion

The selection of the prosthesis size for preoperative planning can be significantly influenced by specific positions of the pelvis and femur. It is crucial for the radiographer to ensure that the pelvis and femur maintain a standard neutral position, particularly in the sagittal and transverse planes, during the image acquisition process.
Pioneering point-of-care obstetric ultrasound integration in midwifery education – the MEPOCUS study
Authors: Groos Julia , Walter Adeline , Plöger Ruben , Strizek Brigitte , Gembruch Ulrich , Wittek Agnes , Recker Florian
Published: October 2024

Background

Ultrasound technology is indispensable in perinatal care due to its non-invasive and painless nature, offering vital insights into foetal development and childbirth. With the academisation of midwifery in Germany, there is a growing necessity to incorporate ultrasound training into midwifery education. This paper discusses the development and implementation of an introductory obstetric ultrasound curriculum tailored for midwifery students, focusing on fundamental ultrasound techniques in obstetrics.

Materials and methods

We used Kern’s six-step approach of curricular development comprising [1] problem identification and general needs assessment [2], needs assessment of the targeted learners [3], goals and objectives [4], educational strategies [5], implementation, and [6] evaluation and feedback. The individual components of the curriculum were meticulously designed based on comprehensive literature reviews, thorough consultations with experienced ultrasound experts and evaluated needs of participants prior to the course instruction.

Results

Twenty-seven ultrasound-naive midwifery students participated in the newly developed obstetric ultrasound course. Structured as a modular and integrated framework, the course aimed to provide theoretical and practical instruction in basic obstetric ultrasound, with intrapartum sonography and focused assessment with abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) as key supplementary specialisations. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the students’ overall knowledge and practical skills, as evidenced by the median post-course total score rising from 20 to 60 out of 75 (p < 0.001) in the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) and from 9 to 19 out of 20 (p = 0.001) in the knowledge test. Additionally, students reported high satisfaction with the course and noted substantial personal benefits.

Conclusion

The integration of basic obstetric ultrasound training within the midwifery curriculum is feasible and effective to teach fundamental knowledge and skills of obstetric ultrasound examinations to midwifery students. Expansion, standardisation and regulatory structures are critical components for a continued improvement and realistic integration into midwifery educational frameworks and thus the further development of the midwifery profession.
The prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases and declined lung function among foundry workers
Authors: Koskela Kirsi , Lehtimäki Lauri , Uitti Jukka , Oksa Panu , Tikkakoski Antti , Sauni Riitta
Published: October 2024

Background

Foundry workers are occupationally exposed to a variety of inhalable chemical substances. Occupational exposure to vapors, gases, dusts, and fumes can lead to adverse health effects on the respiratory system and cause chronic respiratory diseases, such as interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. Research on respiratory symptoms, diseases, and lung function in foundry workers over the past few decades has been limited. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases and declined lung function of current foundry workers, ex-foundry workers, and unexposed controls.

Methods

We assessed respiratory symptoms, diseases, and lung function among 335 current foundry workers, 64 ex-foundry workers, and 161 unexposed controls. The cumulative dust exposure (mg-y) of each participant was calculated, and the median cumulative dust exposure according to the main places of exposure was determined.

Results

A higher prevalence of chronic bronchitis, as reported in a questionnaire, was found among current and ex-foundry workers compared to unexposed controls, even after adjusting for pack-years of smoking (p = 0.009). Additionally, cough and wheezing in adulthood without respiratory infection, and chronic rhinitis symptoms were more common among current and ex-foundry workers compared to unexposed controls. These differences remained significant even after adjusting for pack-years of smoking and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.007 and p  < 0.001, respectively). Impaired lung function was more prevalent among both ex-foundry workers (29.7%) and current foundry workers (15.5%) compared to the unexposed controls (8.7%), with the difference remaining significant even after adjusting for the pack-years of smoking and BMI (p = 0.009). According to the questionnaire, the number of physician-diagnosed cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic bronchitis was unexpectedly low compared to the indications from the symptom questionnaire and lung function test results, suggesting a potential underdiagnosis. The prevalence of silicosis was low (0.8%) among current and ex-foundry workers.

Conclusions

Respiratory symptoms are common among foundry workers. Current and ex-foundry workers exhibited lower lung function in spirometry compared to unexposed controls. There is a potential underdiagnosis of COPD and chronic bronchitis among foundry workers.
Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification in NRG Oncology Phase III Randomized Trials Using Multimodal Deep Learning With Digital Histopathology
Authors: Tward Jonathan David , Huang Huei-Chung , Esteva Andre , Mohamad Osama , van der Wal Douwe , Simko Jeffry P. , DeVries Sandy , Zhang Jingbin , Joun Songwan , Showalter Timothy N. , Schaeffer Edward M. , Morgan Todd M. , Monson Jedidiah M. , Wallace James A. , Bahary Jean-Paul , Sandler Howard M. , Spratt Daniel E. , Rodgers Joseph P. , Feng Felix Y. , Tran Phuoc T.
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE

Current clinical risk stratification methods for localized prostate cancer are suboptimal, leading to over- and undertreatment. Recently, machine learning approaches using digital histopathology have shown superior prognostic ability in phase III trials. This study aims to develop a clinically usable risk grouping system using multimodal artificial intelligence (MMAI) models that outperform current National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The cohort comprised 9,787 patients with localized prostate cancer from eight NRG Oncology randomized phase III trials, treated with radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, and/or chemotherapy. Locked MMAI models, which used digital histopathology images and clinical data, were applied to each patient. Expert consensus on cut points defined low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups on the basis of 10-year distant metastasis rates of 3% and 10%, respectively. The MMAI's reclassification and prognostic performance were compared with the three-tier NCCN risk groups.

RESULTS

The median follow-up for censored patients was 7.9 years. According to NCCN risk categories, 30.4% of patients were low-risk, 25.5% intermediate-risk, and 44.1% high-risk. The MMAI risk classification identified 43.5% of patients as low-risk, 34.6% as intermediate-risk, and 21.8% as high-risk. MMAI reclassified 1,039 (42.0%) patients initially categorized by NCCN. Despite the MMAI low-risk group being larger than the NCCN low-risk group, the 10-year metastasis risks were comparable: 1.7% (95% CI, 0.2 to 3.2) for NCCN and 3.2% (95% CI, 1.7 to 4.7) for MMAI. The overall 10-year metastasis risk for NCCN high-risk patients was 16.6%, with MMAI further stratifying this group into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk, showing metastasis rates of 3.4%, 8.2%, and 26.3%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The MMAI risk grouping system expands the population of men identified as having low metastatic risk and accurately pinpoints a high-risk subset with elevated metastasis rates. This approach aims to prevent both overtreatment and undertreatment in localized prostate cancer, facilitating shared decision making.
Comprehensive Genomic Assessment of Advanced-Stage GI Stromal Tumors Using the Japanese National Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics Database
Authors: Fujii Hiroyuki , Hirano Hidekazu , Shiraishi Kouya , Shoji Hirokazu , Hirose Toshiharu , Okita Natsuko , Takashima Atsuo , Koyama Takafumi , Kato Ken
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE

Clinical utility of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) for precision medicine has become evident. Although there are several reports on the genomic landscape of GI stromal tumors (GISTs), large-scale data specific to GIST are limited, especially in Asia. Additionally, the applicability of molecular-targeted agents identified using CGP has not been extensively examined. We investigated the status of genomic alterations in Japanese patients with advanced GISTs using the National Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics (C-CAT) database to identify novel treatment strategies and drug development.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and CGP data of patients with advanced-stage GIST registered in the C-CAT database to assess the genomic landscape and potential actionable alterations.

RESULTS

Data from 144 patients were reviewed. Oncogenic alterations were detected frequently in
KIT
(78%),
CDKN2A
(37%),
CDKN2B
(29%),
RB1
(11%),
STK11
(10%),
TP53
(9%),
PDGFRA
(6%), and
SDHB
(6%). Loss of
CDKN2A
/
CDKN2B
was only observed in
KIT/PDGFRA
-mutated GISTs, while alterations in
SDHA/SDHB
were only detected in
KIT/PDGFRA
wild-type GISTs. Among 119
KIT/PDGFRA
-mutated GISTs, 95 (80%) had oncogenic genomic alterations and 29 (24%) had actionable alterations, excluding
KIT
and
PDGFRA
. However, among 25
KIT/PDGFRA
wild-type GISTs, 22 (88%) had oncogenic alterations and 11 (44%) had actionable alterations. Representative candidate drugs for genome-matched therapies in
KIT/PDGFRA
-mutated and wild-type GISTs were as follows: pembrolizumab for tumor mutation burden–high in one and two patients, respectively; poly-adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase inhibitors for alterations related to homologous recombination deficiency in 12 and one patient, respectively; NTRK inhibitor for
ETV6-NTRK3
fusion in one with
KIT/PDGFRA
wild-type GIST; and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-antibody-drug conjugate in one with
KIT/PDGFRA
-mutated GIST.

CONCLUSION

This study highlights the genomic landscape of advanced GISTs and the important role of CGP in identifying rational molecular-targeted therapeutic options.
Reciprocal-reward–based environmental feedback promotes cooperation in spatial prisoner's dilemma game
Authors: Lu Shounan , Wang Yang
Published: October 2024

Reciprocal rewards for cooperative behavior are seen as a way of solving social dilemmas. In fact, reward values should not be fixed, but rather linked to the level of social development. Thus, this work proposes a mechanism by which reciprocal reward values in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game depend on region environmental feedback. Therefore, the reciprocal reward values are non-linear and inversely correlated with the environmental state. Numerical simulations show that the non-linear and dynamic reciprocal reward can significantly improve cooperation compared to the traditional version, which can also reduce social costs to some extent. In addition, a higher level of sensitivity to changes in the environment is beneficial for cooperative evolution. Specifically, while setting reciprocal rewards based on greater local environmental feedback can increase the threshold of temptation b at which cooperators become extinct, its contribution to encouraging cooperation is limited. Furthermore, different interval ranges of b-values will have a corresponding range of local environment to encourage cooperation to achieve the optimum. Finally, the results show that the system has good robustness.
Filozofia, nauka, feminizm. Wybór tekstów
Authors: Derra Aleksandra
Published: October 2024

The book by Aleksandra Derra is an original collection of texts that develop the Polish philosophy of science from a feminist perspective. […] The author criticises the current philosophy of science, which is blind to the cognitive perspective of women, as well as other marginalised groups, e.g. poor or non-white people, and to the harm to which science contributes, being entangled in power relations, acting from the perspective and in the interests of privileged groups. At the same time, the author reveals her cognitive positioning without hiding behind the style of apparent objectivity, her approach is also modern intersectional feminism (gender is not the only discriminatory factor), changes the assumptions of traditional feminism (the binary concept of gender, anthropocentrism) and emphasises the importance of climate problems. The presented texts do not only provide an accurate and very interesting picture of the development of feminist thought in general and its latest trends and reception of feminism in Poland. This collection also perfectly illustrates the intellectual development of the author, who is one of the most active Polish feminist philosophers.
Aktualne problemy egzekucji administracyjnej należności pieniężnych
Authors: Jędrzejewski Tomasz , Masternak Marian , Rączka Piotr
Published: October 2024

This multi-authored book concerns the current problems of administrative enforcement of monetary receivables. The main area of interest of its authors are issues related to changes recently introduced in the provisions regulating enforcement proceedings in administration, in particular in the field of information activities undertaken by the creditor towards the obligor, initiation of enforcement proceedings and administrative enforcement, seeking enforcement of a pecuniary obligation against persons other than the original obligor, allegations regarding execution, costs of enforcement proceedings and reliefs in their payment, information obligations of the creditor towards the enforcement authority, voluntary payment by the obligor of the enforced monetary receivable, cooperation of participants in enforcement proceedings in the administration, administrative enforcement of movable property of historical, artistic or scientific value, the choice of an enforcement measure during the COVID-19 pandemic, reliefs from the Anti-Crisis Shield and their impact on administrative enforcement proceedings, as well as the appeasement of monetary benefits from movable property after the takeover of execution by a court bailiff as a result of a defection.
Na drodze stromej oraz śliskiej… i ku wolności
Authors: Chudzio Hubert , Meus Konrad
Published: October 2024

ON A STEEP AND SLIPPERY ROAD… AND TOWARDS FREEDOM. THE WARTIME LIVES OF JÓZEF KOWALSKI FROM RYCZÓW AND JAN FOLGA FROM BACHOWICEThe history of Poland and the Poles in the 19th and 20th centuries was characterised by a constant struggle to regain and then maintain independence. The inhabitants of the Spytkowice municipality have been involved in this struggle for many generations. They had a particular contribution to make during the Second World War, when they fought against the occupying forces on almost all European fronts. This article tells the turbulent fate of two soldiers: Józef Kowalski from Ryczów and Jan Folga from Bachowice. Both defended Poland during the September campaign and were taken prisoner by the Red Army after the Soviets entered the country. While on „inhuman soil”, they were forced to do hard labour to extract iron ore in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, and then in the Komi Republic in the north of the USSR, in the Northern Railway Line Camp, or the so-called SiewŻiełDorŁag. After the Sikorski-Mayski Agreement was signed, they became part of the Polish Army in the USSR. With the so-called‚ Anders Army’ they evacuated through Kyrgyzstan to the Middle East. In 1944, they fought on the Italian front. They both took part in the bloodiest campaigns in Italy, most notably the Battle of Monte Cassino, for which they received numerous military decorations. After Britain ended the war, they returned to their homeland, to their families. In People’s Poland, they faced persecution from the new authorities. The proper honouring of these two heroes did not take place until after the political transformation in 1989. The younger Jan Folga still had the opportunity to personally experience historical justice. Józef Kowalski did not live to see it. He died in 1981.
Spytkowicka parafia w czasie drugiej wojny światowej
Authors: Marek Łucja
Published: October 2024

SPYTKOWICE PARISH DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR. A CHRONICLE RECORD BY REV. STANISŁAW PIĄTEK
Records of church provenance are valuable material for the study of regional history and social life. This article presents a fragment from the chronicle of the parish of St Catherine of Alexandria in Spytkowice, as a source for research into local history. The text presented - accompanied by a critical and factual discussion – concerns the period of the Second World War. Spytkowice, together with the western part of the Cracow archdiocese, was separated from the metropolis and incorporated into the Third Reich. The location on the border with the General Government and the shifting of the customs border to this border line had an impact on both the situation of the inhabitants and the priests, as well as on pastoral work, since part of the Spytkowice parish found itself on the other side of this border. The author of the cited record is Rev. Stanislaw Piątek, a priest who administered the Spytkowice parish for three years (1942-1945). The account he compiled also covers events before his arrival in Spytkowice. He outlined the political and social situation and the difficulties he had to face in his new post. In his chronicle he concentrated on facts connected with the life of the parish, affecting the situation of the priests, the worshippers, religious life and the state of the church buildings. Through laconic references, he recorded facts and people cherished to this day in the consciousness of the local community, as well as facts and people forgotten, restoring them, as it were, to the collective memory. He mentioned noble attitudes of helping at the cost of one’s own life, mentioning also infamous acts of informers, which is a starting point for further research on the history of Spytkowice and its inhabitants during the German occupation.
Perła Spytkowic – kompleks pałacowo -parkowy
Authors: Janik Karolina
Published: October 2024

THE PEARL OF SPYTKOWICE – THE PALACE AND PARK COMPLEX
The Palace and Park Complex in Spytkowice is a pearl of this place, thus being part of the tangible cultural heritage, entered in the register of monuments and the municipal register of monuments. The characteristic landscape has been built not only by history, but also by personalities associated with it, architecture and a green area, which constitute the uniqueness and exceptionality of the Complex – a place with its own, long -lasting tradition. The entire cultural heritage of the village of Spytkowice, both tangible and intangible, is „patrimony” for its inhabitants, expression of regional identity. Both the history of the creation and development of the village of Spytkowice itself have been recalled, including the history of the rulers there, in order to understand the importance and signifi cance of the Palace and Park Complex, and thus the historical and cultural background as well as architectural and urban determinants have been identifi ed. Due to the multi -faceted changes, both historical and stylistic or urban, the property has gone through a period from its splendor, through degradation, to the present day – waiting for its „second life”.
Był synem ziemi spytkowickiej
Authors: Praśkiewicz OCD Szczepan T.
Published: October 2024

Z okazji 25-lecia śmierci pochodzącego z ziemi spytkowickiej Rudolfa Warzechy, zakonnika, karmelity, artykuł przywołuje jego życie, duchowość, proces beatyfikacyjny i wyrazy upamiętnienia w rodzinnych stronach. Zasadnicze cechy duchowości kandydata na ołtarze to kierowanie bliźnich do Boga, ukazywanie wychowankom pogodnego oblicza Zbawiciela, opieka nad chorymi, szerzenie nabożeństwa szkaplerza i kult Maryi, św. Józefa i świętych Karmelu. Tekst opisuje także proces beatyfikacyjny ojca Rudolfa i ekshumację jego doczesnych szczątków. Przedstawia następnie inicjatywy podejmowane dla jego upamiętnienia na rodzinnej ziemi – wydanie jego pism, wmurowanie tablicy w kościele jego chrztu w Spytkowicach, powstanie muzeum w Bachowicach, tablica w jego rodzinnej wsi i przygotowanie stempla pocztowego na 100-lecie jego urodzin. Artykuł podkreśla zasługi Stowarzyszenia Przyjaciół Ojca Rudolfa i władz samorządowych w zachowaniu pamięci i szerzeniu opinii świętości wybitnego ziomka.
„Wszystko dla Jezusa przez bolejące Serce Maryi”
Authors: Dębski Kazimierz , Dębska Joanna
Published: October 2024

Zgromadzenie Córek Matki Bożej Bolesnej (sióstr serafitek) zostało założone w 1881 r. w Zakroczymiu na terenie zaboru rosyjskiego. Po 10 latach siostry przeniosły się do Galicji, a pierwsze ich placówki powstały w Hałcnowie i Oświęcimiu. Znaczny rozwój zgromadzenia nastąpił w czasach, gdy w Bachowicach działał ks. Franciszek Gołba. Pragnął on, aby miejscowe dzieci mogły znaleźć opiekę w założonych przez niego ochronkach, dlatego do parafii sprowadził siostry serafitki. 
W okresie międzywojennym ochronki działały w trzech różnych budynkach. Prowadziły je początkowo osoby świeckie, m.in. Maria Momot, a później siostry serafitki. Po II wojnie światowej prowadziły one jeszcze przedszkole podległe „Caritas”, które odebrano im w 1962 r. Od tego momentu siostry zajmowały się nie tylko kościołem, ale także katechizacją dzieci, początkowo w domu zakonnym, a w latach 1990-2014 w miejscowej szkole. 
Spośród sióstr pełniących posługę w Bachowicach najbardziej zapadła w pamięci mieszkańców s. Perpetua Kuc (1899-1978). W latach 1932-1945 oraz od 1962 r. do śmierci w 1978 r. świadczyła pierwszą pomoc medyczną w czasach, kiedy była ona trudno dostępna. Pracowała ponadto z dziećmi w ochronkach i angażowała się w życie codzienne mieszkańców wioski. Jej rodzona siostra – Domicela (1910-1980) – również wstąpiła do zgromadzenia sióstr serafitek i przez pewien czas pracowała w bachowickiej ochronce. 
Na zakończenie artykułu przywołane zostały wspomnienia mieszkańców Bachowic o s. Perpetule, o której pamięć jest ciągle żywa.
The negative impacts of secondary traumatic stress and mutual suffering: considerations in the hospital setting
Authors: Elliot Chris R
Published: October 2024

Nurses and other health professionals may be at an increased risk of experiencing emotional disturbance associated with caring for people who are experiencing distress, illness or disease or who are at the end stage of their life. This was a particular problem during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article seeks to explore how working closely with individuals who are experiencing ill health may impact negatively on the nurse as a care provider. This exposure to trauma, illness and death can result in a vicarious experience of trauma that may result in a sense of shared experience with the patient. The emotional burden this places on the nurse can lead to increased anxiety, stress and a need to detach from the patient. This can have a detrimental effect on patient care and nurses must remain vigilant to their susceptibility to, and experience of, mutual suffering through secondary trauma. Although nursing offers many positive experiences, this article is focused on highlighting the negative impacts of secondary traumatic stress. This article briefly outlines the literature relating to secondary traumatic stress and mutual suffering in the acute hospital setting and does not consider mental health settings or patients. The aim of the article is to close the theory−practice gap while also encouraging personal reflection on nurses' experiences of mutual suffering in practice. The author recognises the loaded nature of the term ‘mutual suffering’; however, this is an established phrase used to explain the phenomena of interest. Although the term ‘suffering’ may imply a passive sick role for nurses, in this context the term should be seen as a shared sense of the experience of the patients and health staff.
Blended diets for children and young people: applying the evidence to nursing practice
Authors: Phillips Gemma , Jane Coad
Published: October 2024

Enteral tube feeding is commonly used for children and young people with complex health and care needs. Blended diets are becoming more widely used and there is increasing evidence to show the benefits of a blended diet for children, young people and their families. This article aims to collate recent evidence on blended diets and describe the implications for nursing practice. Studies exploring blended diets have identified benefits such as improved gastrointestinal symptoms, positive engagement with families around food and mealtimes and the normalisation of enteral tube feeding. Research has also explored the nutritional and microbial content of food blends as well as the viscosity and risk of tube blockage. These are key considerations when supporting families to make informed decisions and use blended diets safely. Nurses play an important role in supporting the safe and effective use of blended diets as part of a wider multidisciplinary team. It is necessary that they have an understanding of the evidence underpinning nursing practice in this area.
Reflecting on people's expectations and experiences of care
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: October 2024

Sam Foster, Executive Director of Professional Practice, Nursing and Midwifery Council, considers the latest annual insight report and what it can tell us about when and why people may raise complaints or concerns
Developing an NHS patient safety culture: swings and roundabouts
Authors: Tingle John
Published: October 2024

John Tingle, Associate Professor, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses a new report and consultation on NHS patient safety culture development
Top Tips for Your First Intensive Care Medicine Post as a Doctor
Authors: Pilkington Isobel , Graziadei Vivien , Ramadan Hanin , Furey Joseph , Reschreiter Henrik
Published: October 2024

An Intensive Care Medicine (ICM) rotation provides fantastic learning opportunities for doctors of all specialties. Understanding your role in this highly specialised field will assist you in gaining maximal benefit from your time in ICM while ensuring the best outcomes for your patients. It can be quite daunting reviewing deteriorating patients and admitting patients to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This article provides tips and advice for doctors new to the specialty, and will be a useful guide for medical, surgical, and emergency medicine trainees before they begin working in the ICU for the first time. We provide a structured, systematic framework which can be used comprehensively to assess ICU patients.
Seeking the Warrior Jesus: The New Apostolic Reformation, Dominionism, and Discursive Political Violence from January 6th to Gaza
Authors: Berry Damon T.
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: An October 2023 report from the Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI) and the Brookings Institute noted that acceptance of political violence in the United States has increased dramatically since 2021. These findings sit juxtaposed to the increased rhetoric of “the Big Lie” that alleges that Trump won the election, which precipitated the call for a rally to “Stop the Steal” on 6 January 2021, where Trump urged the protestors to “fight like hell” and to march on the United States Capitol. In the NAR’s optimistic eschatological view of politics expressed through Seven Mountains Dominionism, forms of discursive violence frequently script their opposition as demonic and worthy of destruction. I argue that this prophetic view of politics ignores the complexities of world events to present every conflict and the resulting suffering as part of a spiritual conflict, as God’s chosen people are beset by demonic entities at war with God’s design.
Inversion of the planetary boundary layer height from lidar by combining UNet++ and coordinate attention mechanism
Authors: Chen Junjie , Fu Songlin , Xie Wei
Published: October 2024

The Arctic plays a significant role in global climate, and the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) is one of the important parameters for studying Arctic climate. The Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) North Slope of Alaska (NSA) atmospheric observatory is an important location for studying the Arctic. However, the weather at the NSA site is complicated and varied. Arctic Haze frequently appears in this region from late autumn to early summer, while low clouds are prone to occur in summer. Meanwhile, due to the consistently low temperatures on the Arctic surface, the frequency of stable boundary layer occurrence is much higher than that in mid-latitude regions. All of these will increase the difficulty of PBLH detection. To address these challenges, we propose a PBLH inversion method based on deep-learning called Coord-UNet++. This method is based on UNet++ and introduces coordinate attention mechanism which can gather features in both horizontal and vertical directions, so it can more effectively capture spatial information in images to cope with complex weather conditions. The training set for the algorithm comes from the micropulse lidar at the NSA site, and the PBLH is labeled by using the microwave radiation profiler at the same site. This algorithm can achieve accurate inversion of the PBLH in complex weather conditions such as cloudy, haze and aerosol layer interference, R2 reaches 0.87, and it performs well in long-term inversion, with much higher stability and accuracy than traditional methods.
Mechanisms for Narrowband Red Multiple-Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecules via Donor Engineering Strategy: A Theoretical Perspective
Authors: FAN JIANZHONG , Zhao Xin , Liu Huanling , Song Yuzhi , Lin Lili , xu yuanyuan , Wang Chuankui
Published: October 2024

Exploration of reducing the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) without enlarging energy gaps (∆EST) in red multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR TADF) molecule is highly demanded. Herein, based on density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory calculations coupled with the thermal vibration correlation function method, we study the excited-state properties and luminescence mechanisms of reported TADF molecules. Drawing inspiration from these, we theoretically design novel red MR TADF molecules by donor engineering strategy with increased electron donation abilities and extended π-conjugations. Results show that different donor groups influence the frontier molecular orbitals, thereby reducing the energy gaps. These adjustments optimize the energy levels and transition properties of the excited states, leading to the substantial acceleration the reverse intersystem crossing processes. Furthermore, the designed molecules with extended π-conjugations not only possess small reorganization energies but also minimal nuclear displacements, coupled with short-range charge transfer characteristics. These features contribute significantly to the narrowband emissions. Therefore, it is verified that these four novel red MR TADF molecules strike favorable balance between the ∆EST and the FWHM values. Meanwhile, the intrinsic relationship between molecular structures and photophysical properties is elucidated, paving the way for the development of efficient red MR TADF emitters.
Prevalence of visual impairment and its causes in adults aged 50 years and older: Estimates from the National Eye Surveys in Malaysia
Authors: Salowi Mohamad Aziz , Naing Nyi Nyi , Mustafa Norasyikin , Wan Nawang Wan Radziah , Sharudin Siti Nurhuda , Ngah Nor Fariza
Published: October 2024

Background

Population surveys are necessary to measure a community’s eye care needs. We conducted simultaneous surveys in two regions in Malaysia in 2023 to estimate the prevalence of blindness and/or visual impairment (VI), identify its main causes, and compare the results with the survey in 2014.

Methods

The surveys were simultaneously done in Eastern and Sarawak administrative regions using the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) technique. It involved a multistage cluster sampling method, each cluster comprising 50 residents aged 50 years and older. The prevalence of blindness and/or visual impairment (blindness, severe, moderate, and early) and its primary cause were determined through a visual acuity test and eye examination with a hand-held ophthalmoscope. Results were compared with the previous survey in 2014.

Results

A total of 10,184 subjects were enumerated, and 9,709 were examined (94.5% and 96.2% responses for Eastern and Sarawak, respectively). The prevalence of blindness and severe VI appeared lower than the previous survey. For blindness: Eastern 1.4%, 95%CI (0.9, 1.9) to 0.8%, 95%CI (0.5, 1.1) and Sarawak: 1.6% 95%CI (1.0, 2.1) to 0.6%, 95%CI (0.3, 0.9). For severe VI: Eastern 1.2%, 95%CI (0.8, 1.7) to 0.9%, 95%CI (0.6, 1.1) and Sarawak 1.1% 95%CI (0.6, 1.6) to 0.9%, 95% CI(0.6, 1.2). The main cause of blindness was untreated cataracts: 77.3% (Eastern) and 75.0% (Sarawak). Diabetic retinopathy was the 2nd main cause of blindness for Eastern at 9.1%, but it only caused early to severe VI in Sarawak.

Conclusion

The prevalence of blindness and severe VI were lower than in the previous survey. It could have been attributed to a community cataract program implemented soon after the survey in 2014. However, more efforts are needed to address the high percentage of avoidable blindness within both regions.