bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Homotypic cell-in-cell structures as a prognostic factor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma post-hepatectomy and a predictor of responses to PD-1 inhibitor treatment：a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Yu-Sen , Li Jian-Hui , Li Yi-Hu , Yang Wei-Bang , Xu Jin-Yang , Wei Yu-Xuan , Huang Si-Min , Wang Qi-Wen , Jiang Xiao-Feng
Published: October 2024

Background
There lacks an effective histomorphological predictive option for dismal outcome of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). This study aims to evaluate the prognosis and anti-PD 1 therapy effect of iCCA patients with radical resection through the occurrence of homotypic cell-in-cell structure (hoCIC) phenomenon.
Methods
The study collected biological specimens and clinical data from iCCA patients who underwent radical resection from January 2015 to December 2023. We performed an analysis of hoCICs profiling in iCCA biopsy using "epithelium-macrophage-leukocyte" (EML) multiplex staining. Subsequently, we investigate the feasibility of utilizing hoCICs as a functional biomarker for predicting prognosis and responses to PD-1 inhibitor treatment in patients with iCCA through Kaplan-Meier plotting and Cox regression model.
Results
A total of 34 patients with iCCA were included in the study, with a median follow-up of 37 months. The results of multivariable Cox analysis revealed that TiT (tumor cell inside tumor cell) counts ≥ 3 were independently associated with overall survival (OS) with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.815 (P = 0.0293) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) with a HR of 3.547 (P = 0.0290), respectively. 11 of the 34 iCCA patients received postoperative anti-PD1 treatment. The log-rank test result showed that the recurrence-free survival (RFS) of TiT counts ≥ 3 group was significantly shorter than that of the TiT counts < 3 group, revealing a HR of 4.308 (P = 0.0301). These results indicated that lower TiT level had a better response to postoperative anti-PD1 treatment.
Conclusions
The current study highlights hoCICs as a potential adverse prognostic biomarker in patients with iCCA. Furthermore, hoCICs may serve as predictive indicators for the treatment response to postoperative anti-PD1 therapy, based on recurrence-free survival (RFS).
How Bronze Drum Patterns Influence Chinese Art and Cultural Identity: A systematic literature review
Authors: Chen Shanyu , Ismail Nor Atiah binti , Hussain Norhuzailin binti , Lin Guangbo
Published: October 2024

Since the bronze drum custom was rated as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2006, the research on bronze drum patterns and Chinese art and cultural identity has continued to increase. However, previous research still needs to be completed. No research comprehensively reviews the influence of bronze drum patterns on Chinese art and cultural identity. Given this, this study adopts a systematic literature review method to highlight the latest status of these studies. It studies the latest published and screens 29 studies on the influence of bronze drum patterns on Chinese art and cultural identity in four databases: Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest and CNKI. The research findings are as follows: (1) The way bronze drum patterns influence the cultural identity of Chinese art focuses more on innovation and integration in modern art, followed by the profound connotation of ethnic and regional cultural symbols and the significance of cultural symbols. (2) The research on bronze drum patterns on Chinese art and cultural identity tends to be more inclined to design research in the research field; the research content tends to be more inclined to bronze drum culture, bronze drum patterns and application research on value and design; in terms of research methods, case studies are the majority, followed by qualitative research. Based on the above literature review, a valuable future agenda is provided regarding the research field, content, and methods, thus providing theoretical support for the more profound development of this research direction.
Spin Seebeck in the weak exchange coupled van der Waals antiferromagnet
Authors: Wu Rui , He Xue , Ding Shilei , Giil Hans , Wang Jicheng , Lin Zhongchong , Liang Zhongyu , Yang Jinbo , Kläui Mathias , Brataas Arne , Hou Yanglong
Published: October 2024

Spin Seebeck effect (SSE) refers to the creation of spin currents due to a temperature gradient in the magnetic materials or across magnet-normal metal interfaces, which can be electrically detected through the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) when in contact with heavy metals. It offers fundamental insights into the magnetic properties of materials, including the magnetic phase transition, static magnetic order, and magnon excitations. However, the SSE in van der Waals antiferromagnet is still elusive, especially across the spin-flip transition. Here, we demonstrate the SSE in the weak exchange coupled van der Waals antiferromagnet CrPS4. The SSE increases as the magnetic field increases before the spin-flip transition due to the enhancement of the thermal spin current as a function of the applied field. A peak of SSE is observed at the spin-flip field, which is related to the magnon mode edges across the spin-flip field. Our results extend SSE research to van der Waals antiferromagnets and demonstrate an enhancement of SSE at the spin-flip transition.
Evaluating the effects of subcapsular hematoma on the kidney in an in vivo porcine model
Authors: Xu Yuexian , Huang Qingfeng , Qi Qiao , He Qiushi , Hou Bingbing , Hao Zongyao
Published: October 2024

Objectives
The pathophysiological changes in the kidney resulting from subcapsular renal hematoma (SRH) are still unclear. We explored this issue by establishing an in vivo porcine SRH model.
Materials and Methods
The SRH model was constructed by injecting autologous blood (0, 10, 20, 40, or 80 ml) under the renal capsules of pigs that were sacrificed at 14 days. We evaluated the pathophysiological impact of subcapsular hematoma on the kidney by detecting the renal injury markers KIM1 and NGAL, as well as inflammation and fibrosis-related indicators, in both renal pelvis urine and kidney tissue using ELISA, H&E staining, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, RT-PCR, and Western blotting.
Results
KIM1 and NGAL levels in renal pelvic urine started to increase when the volume of SRH reached 20 ml, rather than 10 ml, with the most pronounced increase occurring when it reached 80 ml. Similarly, HE and PAS staining showed that pathological damage to the kidneys had begun at 20 ml; IHC, RT-PCR, and Western blotting further confirmed the presence of inflammation and fibrosis in the kidneys, which increased in severity with increasing SRH volume.
Conclusions
SRH volumes up to 20 ml can induce renal injury and fibrosis. Drainage of the hematoma may be more reasonable in those patients with even asymptomatic large volumes of SRH rather than in those who are undergoing observation.
Clinical Efficacy of the Ilizarov Technique in the Treatment of Infected Non Union And Bone Defects Results of at least 2 Years of Follow-up.
Authors: Rizvi S M Mahamudul Hassan , Aihemaiti Shami· , Hui Liu , Tao Shengxiang
Published: October 2024

Background:
Surgical technique and preliminary clinical results using the Ilizarov Technique in the Treatment of Infected Non Union and Bone Defects. In order to address the issues related to non-union, including bone gap, bone defect and infection an Ilizarov external fixator was used. In order to achieve nonunion, bone defects and repair the limb length difference, stable fixation, corticotomy, and bone transfer were used to decrease or eradicate infection.
Methods:
Clinical data were collected on patients with infected bone defects and bone shortening deformities treated with Ilizarov bone transfer technology at Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023. The clinical data of 24 cases 16 males and 8 females with bone defect treated by Ilizarov bone transport were analyzed prospective observational research. The results were analyzed using the ASAMI scoring system.
Results:
Out of 24 Patient the results of skeletal outcomes 14 cases had Excellent,7cases result good 3 cases had moderate results. In terms of functional outcome. The results of 10 patients had an outstanding performance, 8 patients had a good performance, 4 patients had average performance and 2 patients had poor performance. The average fixed period was 11.16 months (min 8 months, max 14 months). The average length of regrowth is 5.67 cm (min 3.98cm, max 6.97cm). The survey found that the average elongation index was 1.94 months/cm.
Conclusion:
The Ilizarov bone transfer technique can achieve satisfactory results in the treatment of infected Nonunion and bone defects. Ilizarov bone transfer technique can safely and effectively shorten bone healing time, improve the healing index, and significantly improve a patient’s quality of life.
Movement behaviours, air pollution and health in school-aged children: a cross-sectional study to guide the co- creation of healthier environments - The MOVE-AIR Project
Authors: Martins Clarice , Rufo João , Padrão Ana , Fonseca Hélder , Batista Liliana , Santos Maria Paula , Zacca Rodrigo , Silva José Pedro , Ribeiro Ana Isabel
Published: October 2024

The MOVE-Air study was designed to explore the role of movement behaviours on the association between air pollutants and health outcomes in Portuguese children. Secondarily, it aims to characterize the settings (both indoor and outdoor) where children are exposed to air pollutants and to co-create solutions with participants to mitigate the exposure to air pollutants in children´s daily life. This study aims to detailed describe the MOVE-AIR study protocol. Data from at least 22 primary school children aged 9-to-11 years will be assessed for indoor and outdoor air pollutants (PM2.5 and PM10, and carbon dioxide), geo-tracked for distinct settings (i.e., home/school, indoor/ outdoor) along the day, through an optical monitoring sensor with global position system incorporated. Health-related biological outcomes, such as Interleukin 6 (IL6), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF- α), and oxidative parameters, including Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), and Total Oxidant Status (TOS) will be evaluated, and the Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) will be calculated. Children´s cardiopulmonary fitness will be assessed through the Shuttle-run Test, and movement behaviours will be evaluated through accelerometers (wGT3-x). Children´s sex, age, and parental socioeconomic status will be provided by parents through a questionnaire. The influence of movement behaviours in the link between pollution and health will be analyzed through compositional analysis and structural equation models using R software (4.2.0). A sub-sample of class teachers, school leaders, parents, and children will be invited to a co-creation process to create solutions to mitigate their daily exposure to air pollutants. The results will contribute to further understanding the influence of movement behaviours in the association between air pollution and health, adding a biological layer to the mechanistic links underlying these potential relationships that have not been explored in this target population. Finally, enhancing our comprehension of the living environments and contexts where children are more exposed to air pollution can help to cooperatively create solutions to mitigate their daily exposure to those harmful pollutants.
Inhibition of BMPR2 ubiquitination-dependent degradation suppresses bladder cancer cell growth via downregulating Smurf1 expression with 8003-1841
Authors: Su Qiongli , Zhang Yuqing , Ling Wu , Tan Qiuhong , Wei Long , Xiao Di , Huang Li
Published: October 2024

Background
There is still a lack of effective treatment options for advanced bladder cancer (BC) in clinical practice. Smurf1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that enhances cancer cell growth and drug resistance through facilitating the ubiquitination and degradation of tumor suppressor proteins. However, there are no Smurf1 inhibitors approved for clinical use in cancer treatment at present. Similarly, there are currently no studies to confirm whether Smurf1 can be an effective therapeutic target for BC.
Methods
The biological effects of Smurf1 in BC were evaluated using MTT assay and colony formation assay. The mechanism by which Smurf1 promotes BC cell proliferation was investigated using Western blotting and Immunofluorescence. The Inhibitor of Smurf1 were screened using molecular docking. The changes of bladder cancer cells growth in vivo after Smurf1 inhibitors treatment were observed using a tumor xenograft model. The safety and mechanism of action of Smurf1 inhibitors in vivo were assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Results
In this study, our results revealed Smurf1 is high expressed in BC tissues, and the correlation between Smurf1 expression and poor prognosis in BC patients was evident. A set of in vitro and in vivo assays confirmed the role of Smurf1 in enhancing the proliferation of BC cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that Smurf1 promotes tumor progression by binding to BMPR2, facilitating BMPR2 ubiquitination and degradation in proteasome. Therefore, we further screened for effective inhibitors of Smurf1 from a ChemDiv database of 1,535,478 compounds in an attempt to explore new targeted drugs for BC. The results identified 8003 − 1841 as the strongest binder to Smurf1, which inhibited BC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo by stabilizing the expression of BMPR2 through downregulation of Smurf1.
Conclusion
We have discovered a specific inhibitor, 8003 − 1841, that targets Smurf1 and effectively downregulates its expression. This inhibition of Smurf1 leads to the suppression of BC cell proliferation both in in vitro and in in vivo. Thus, our findings suggest that targeting Smurf1 could be a promising therapeutic approach for BC treatment. The inhibitor 8003 − 1841 shows potential as a treatment option for BC patients.
Novel Digital Markers of Sleep Dynamics: A CausalInference Approach Revealing Age and GenderPhenotypes in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Bechny Michal , Kishi Akifumi , Fiorillo Luigi , Meer Julia van der , Schmidt Markus , Bassetti Claudio , Tzovara Athina , Faraci Francesca
Published: October 2024

Most individuals with sleep-disorders remain undiagnosed due to unawareness of symptoms or the high cost of polysomnographic (PSG) studies, impacting quality of life. Despite evidence that sleep-disorders alter sleep-stage-dynamics, clinical practice resists including these parameters in PSG-reports. We introduce a novel digital sleep-fingerprint, leveraging the matrix of sleep-stage-transition-proportions, enabling the derivation of several novel digital-markers and investigation of dynamics mechanisms. Using causal inference we address confounding in an observational clinical database and estimate personalized markers across ages, genders, and Obstructive-Sleep-Apnea (OSA) severities. Notably, our approach adjusts for five categories of sleep-wake-related-comorbidities, an aspect ignored in existing research, impacting 48.6% of OSA-subjects in our data. Key markers proposed, including NREM-REM-oscillations and sleep-stage-specific-fragmentations, were significantly increased across all OSA-severities and demographics. We also identified several OSA-gender-phenotypes, suggesting higher vulnerability of females to awakening and REM-sleep disruptions. Considering advances in automated-sleep-scoring and wearables, our approach can enable novel, low-cost screening tools.
Sociocultural Determinants of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Islamic Republic of Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mehtarpour Mojtaba , najafi zahra , Jaafaripooyan Ebrahim
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires consideration of the One Health approach and the sociocultural context unique to each country. This study aimed to examine the sociocultural factors influencing the development of AMR in Iran.
Methods
This qualitative study employed in-depth, face-to-face interviews. A total of 57 policymakers, managers, and service providers from both human and animal health sectors were interviewed using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The data were analyzed using framework analysis.
Findings
The study identified several factors contributing to the development of AMR, including demographic changes, improper drug use by the public, cultural challenges for service providers, lack of awareness and knowledge among livestock farmers, and general public attitudes toward drug use.
Conclusion
Sociocultural factors in both the human and animal health sectors significantly influence the use of antimicrobial drugs and the escalation of AMR across different ecosystems. The wide range of sociocultural influences among various stakeholders—such as service providers (physicians and veterinarians), the general public, and livestock farmers—highlights the necessity for policymakers to consider these groups when planning interventions to control AMR.
Data mining and function analysis of a key ferroptosis target FANCD2 positively correlated with PD-L1 expression
Authors: Chen Han , Huang Xueyuan , Li Lin , Nian Siji , Ye Yingchun , Yuan Qing , Huang Zhanwen , Xu Xiaomei , Liao Jue
Published: October 2024

Iron is required for the control of ferroptosis, a pattern of programmed cell death brought on by the buildup of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Inducing ferroptosis may have great therapeutic promise for tumor cells, according to an increasing number of studies. However, it is unclear how ferroptosis works to treat lung cancer. For prognostic analysis of expression of 25 ferroptosis-related genes, consensus clustering analysis, LASSO model development, and association analysis with PD-L1, we gathered clinical and molecular data of LUAD patients from the TCGA database and the GEO database. We discovered that the ferroptosis gene FANCD2 had the best prognostic value of any gene based on the findings. Then, using multicolor immunofluorescence to identify the mutual regulatory link between FANCD2 and PD-L1 in LUAD tissues, we discovered that both of these genes were highly expressed and co-expressed in LUAD tissues. Finally, using four study axes—mutation, tumor microenvironment, immune infiltration, and pan-cancer—we discovered that FANCD2 may have a direct or indirect role in the aforementioned processes, influencing how well LUAD patients would fare. In conclusion, this research offers proof in favor of finding novel, potential immune targets for treatment as well as refining PD-L1 antibody immunotherapy for LUAD. In-depth analysis of the FANCD2 gene and the creation of associated medications may enhance prognosis and increase median survival time in LUAD patients.
Home-based continuous passive motion versus conventional physical therapy: a randomized follow-up trial after release of degenerative elbow stiffness
Authors: Li Haibin , Wang Ming , Deng Guangming , Fu Hongrui , Chen Bingbing , Yang Xueqiao
Published: October 2024

Background/Objective:Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) has been used in rehabilitation for several decades. However, there is a lack of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing CPM with conventional physical therapy (PT) for rehabilitation after the release of elbow contracture. Although some studies suggest that CPM may improve postoperative range of motion, its effectiveness compared to PT in functional recovery remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of home-based immersive CPM training for rehabilitation following elbow contracture release, compared to manual physical therapy, and to determine its role in promoting functional recovery of the elbow.
Methods:This single-blind, single-center RCT retrospectively analyzed 40 patients with moderate to severe elbow osteoarthritis who underwent standardized arthroscopic release around September 1, 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: 20 received home-based immersive CPM rehabilitation, while 20 underwent conventional PT, with comparisons made across baseline characteristics, surgical techniques, and rehabilitation protocols.
Results:The average follow-up time was 3 months. The CPM group showed greater improvements in ROM, increasing by 83.03% (from 69.25$^\circ$ pre-op to 126.75$^\circ$), compared to a 61.29% increase in the PT group (from 69.75$^\circ$ to 112.50$^\circ$). MEPS scores in the CPM group rose by 30.41% (from 74.00 to 96.50), while the PT group saw a 24.83% improvement (from 72.50 to 90.50). Additionally, the CPM group had significantly lower rehabilitation costs (500 RMB/month vs. 6000-9000 RMB for PT).
Conclusion: Home-based immersive CPM rehabilitation proved more effective and cost-efficient than conventional PT, showing greater improvements in ROM, superior pain management, and better functional recovery following elbow surgery.
WITHDRAWN: Postoperative Joint Scores of Comparison between total and unicondylar knee arthroplasty：A matched comparison
Authors: Liu Chen-ci , Zhang Zhen-dong , Shi Chen-hui
Published: October 2024

Objective：To investigate the patient self-reported outcomes and clinical results of unicondylar arthroplasty versus total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis of the knee. To evaluate the early functional recovery of patients after both surgical modalities.
Methods：In this retrospective study, 52 patients (26 patients in the unilateral UKA group; 26 patients in the unilateral TKA group) with osteoarthritis of the knee were treated with unicondylar arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty to compare the baseline and perioperative data of the patients in the UKA group and the TKA group, the modified Postoperative Joint Forgetting Score (MFJS), Oxford Early Recovery Score for Knee Arthroplasty (OARS) at 1, 2, 6 week and 3 month postoperatively, and Oxford Early Change Score for Knee Arthroplasty (OACS) at 1, 2, 6 week, and 3, 6 and 12 month postoperatively.
Results：The general clinical data (age, gender, body mass index) of patients in the UKA and TKA groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05) and were comparable.The operation time and intraoperative bleeding in the UKA group were lower than those in the TKA group (P<0.001). At 3, 6 and 12 month after surgery, the MFJS scores of patients in the UKA group were higher than those of patients in the TKA group (P<0.001). OARS scores at 1, 2, 6 week and 3 month postoperatively were higher in the UKA group than in the TKA group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of OACS scores between the unilateral UKA and TKA groups at 1 week postoperatively (P>0.05), and the scores of the unilateral UKA group were higher than those of the unilateral TKA group at 2, 6 week, and 3, 6, and 12 month (P<0.05).
Conclusion：Both UKA and TKA are effective in improving functional scores in end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee.UKA has better knee proprioception and faster postoperative recovery compared to TKA.
ANX-Net: A Fast and Resource Optimized Network for Image Dehazing for Driving in Haze Weather Conditions
Authors: Zhu Yun , Niu Shaoshan , Jia Guo , Su Yan
Published: October 2024

Severe weather conditions such as haze will bring serious problems to the safe driving of autonomous vehicle. In order to ensure that autonomous vehicle can still run safely in frequent bad weather, the research of image dehazing algorithm is very important. The key to safe and reliable driving is that autonomous vehicle can obtain clear images in severe haze weather conditions. Therefore, ensuring the dehazing performance of the dehazing algorithm is very important. In this paper, we propose ANX-Net, which is a robust and reliable dehazing network for autonomous vehicle. The network uses components such as feature extraction module, channel attention module, multi-scale spatial attention module and gsconv module to effectively dehaze the images taken by the autonomous vehicle camera. Through a detailed qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the road traffic dataset AAR in hazy weather, the effectiveness of the proposed network was analyzed, demonstrating its good dehazing performance.
The vascular anatomy and harvesting of the medial femoral condyle flap in pigs
Authors: Zuo Yanhai , Yi Lei
Published: October 2024

Introduction Clinically, there has been increasing employment of the medial femoral condyle flap. Pigs have been employed as a model of the medial femoral condyle flap. However, related anatomical studies from the perspective of comparative medicine are rare. The objective of this study was to explore the vascular anatomy of the medial femoral condyle in pigs, explore the surgical procedure of the medial femoral condyle flap in pigs, and compare the medial femoral condyle flap in pigs and humans.Materials and Methods 20 fresh cadaveric hindlimbs of hybrid pigs were used in this study. The origination, course, and branches of the vessels nourishing the medial femoral condyle were observed in 15 specimens. The variability in the anatomy of the vessels and the length and outer diameter of the vessels were evaluated. Surgical procedures for the medial femoral condyle flap were conducted on five specimens.Results The nourishing artery of the medial femoral condyle in pigs was the second descending geniculate artery, which was observed in all 15 pigs and had a diameter and length of 2.013 ± 0.316 mm and 1.527 ± 0.212 cm, respectively. A skin incision of approximately 10 cm was used to harvest the medial femoral condyle flap of the pig in the supine position. After the adductor muscle was cut, the whole course of the second descending geniculate artery artery and its venae comitantes were exposed.Conclusions The vascular anatomy of the medial femoral condyle in pigs and that of humans exhibited great similarities. The medial femoral condyle flap in pigs was as easily harvested as that in humans. Pigs could serve as a suitable animal model for the medial femoral condyle flap.
Comparison of Central and Paracentral Targeting in Ultrasound-Guided Stellate Ganglion Block: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Peng Zhiyou , Zhang Yanfeng , Han Lulu
Published: October 2024

Objective
Ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block (SGB) plays a crucial role in managing chronic pain syndromes. This study aims to compare the procedure times and therapeutic efficacy of ultrasound-guided SGB when the targeting is centered versus paracentral on the ultrasound screen.
Methods
A total of 80 patients in need of SGB were randomly divided into two groups. In the central targeting group, the target was placed precisely at the center of the ultrasound screen. In the paracentral targeting group, the target was positioned slightly off-center. The time taken to complete the procedure, the Horner Syndrome and adverse reactions were recorded and analyzed.
Results
The paracentral group showed shorter SGB operation duration than the central group(P < 0.05). Horner Syndrome occurred in all patients of two groups after SGB. One case of hoarseness and 1 cases of slowed pulse occurred in the paracentral group, while 2 case of hoarseness and 1 cases of neural stimulation paresthesia occurred in the central group (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
The study results indicate that paracentral targeting in ultrasound-guided SGB may offer shorter procedure times and compared to central targeting. Nevertheless, both methods demonstrated comparable therapeutic efficacy. These findings can guide clinicians in optimizing SGB techniques to improve patient outcomes.
Shock Index Identifies Compensated Shock in the ‘Normotensive’ Trauma Patient
Authors: Lin Theodore M , Memon Ali M. , Reeson Emily A. , Tolan Grace C. , Low Trevor M. , Kupanoff Kristina M. , Huang Dih-Dih , Jones Michael D. , Czarkowski Brian R. , Soe-Lin Hahn , Bogert James N. , Weinberg Jordan A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Hemorrhagic shock is a life-threatening condition that requires rapid identification for timely intervention. Although shock is easily discernible in the hypotensive patient, compensated shock in the "normotensive" patient is not. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of shock index (SI) in trauma patients with compensated shock.
Methods
Patients with SBP > 90 mmHg on arrival were identified from our trauma center registry. SI was calculated by arrival heart rate divided by arrival SBP. Patients were stratified by SI using the following thresholds: < 0.7, > 0.7 to 0.9, > 0.9 to 1.1, > 1.1 to 1.3, and > 1.3. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of transfusion within 1 hour of arrival for each SI category with < 0.7 as the referent.
Results
5964 trauma patients were included. Blood products were transfused within 1 hour of arrival in 221 (3.7%) patients. A main effect was observed for shock index with increased risk for required transfusion for patients with admission shock index > 0.7 (P < 0.001). In comparison to shock index of < 0.7, odds ratios were 2.4(1.6–3.6), 8.3(5.5–12.3), 24.7(15.1–40.5), 63.3(35.0–114.4) for each categorical increase in SI.
Discussion
SI can identify trauma patients with compensated shock; among patients presenting without hypotension, arrival SI was associated with an increase in odds of receiving transfusion within one hour. Arrival SI should be considered as a criterion for activation of massive transfusion protocol and highest level of trauma activation for non-hypotensive patients.
„Von jenen, die der Hansa Schlachten schlugen“ zum „Verkaufsoffenen Hanse-Sonntag“
Authors: Holbach Rudolf
Published: October 2024

Die wandelnde Wahrnehmung der Hanse in Deutschland, vom Wachposten der nationalen maritimen Interessen zum Vorläufer der EU, findet ihren Ausdruck auch in der städtischen Erinnerung.
Ratgeber unseres gnädigen Herren, des hochgeborenen Fürsten König Valdemars des Reiches von Dänemark
Authors: Jahnke Carsten
Published: October 2024

In der Geschichte der Hanse kann der Friedensvertrag, der zwischen der Hanse und Dänemark 1370 in Stralsund geschlossen wurde, als eine der wichtigsten Triebkräfte für die Ausformung der Hanse angesehen werden.
СТЕПНОЙ ЛАНДШАФТ СЕВЕРНОГО ПРИАЗОВЬЯ КАК ФАКТОР В СУДЬБАХ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Л.Г. ШЕПКО
Published: October 2024

Ретроспективный взгляд на исторические этапы южнорусских степей позволяет увидеть взаимодействие природно-географических условий и социальных факторов в процессе развития цивилизаций. Длительное время Северное Приазовье было территорией, где достаточно успешно осуществлялись стратегии кочевников, набеги и нашествия, совершаемые в отношении соседних народов и государств. В эпоху хазарского каганата население испытывает воздействия нескольких цивилизаций (распространении монотеистических религий, участие государства в организации пространственной структуры, формирование однородной материальной культуры). В рамках Российской империи шло целенаправленное упорядочивание приазовских территорий. Территориальное расширение пределов империи закономерно влекло за собой и усложнение административно-территориальной структуры и развитие урбанистических элементов.

A retrospective look at the historical stages of the southern Russian steppes allows for witnessing the interaction of natural and geographical conditions and social factors in the process of civilization development. Over centuries the Northern Azov region was a territory where nomadic strategies, raids and invasions against neighboring peoples and states were being implemented quite successfully. During the era of the Khazar Khaganate, the population experienced the influence of several civilizations, the spread of monotheistic religions, the participation of the state in the organization of the spatial structure, and the formation of a homogeneous material culture. Within the framework of the Russian Empire, a targeted organization of the Azov territories occurred. The territorial expansion of the empire's borders naturally entailed the complication of the administrative-territorial structure and the development of urban elements.
ВЛИЯНИЕ КЛИМАТА НА ВОЕННУЮ АКТИВНОСТЬ НОМАДОВ ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЕВРОПЫ В РАННЕМ ЖЕЛЕЗНОМ ВЕКЕ
Authors: Е.В. ВДОВЧЕНКОВ
Published: October 2024

В числе факторов, определяющих жизнь кочевников, важнейшими были природно-климатические условия. В главе анализируется влияние климата на военно-политическую активность кочевников Восточной Европы раннего железного века. В настоящее время реконструкция климата наиболее успешно реализуется почвоведами при анализе погребенных почв в курганных могильниках. Подтверждена зависимость активности номадов от природно-климатических условий. На период гумидизации приходится пик активности кочевых объединений. В период аридизации, при неблагоприятных условиях, уменьшается активность номадов, ослабляются их объединения, проявляется тенденция к седентаризации кочевников. Ключевые слова: ранний железный век, степной ландшафт, Восточная Европа, климат, аридизация, гумидизация, скифы, сарматы, экзополитарный способ производства.

Among the factors determining the life of nomads,the most important were the naturaland climatic conditions. The article analyzes the influence of climate onthe military and political activityof the nomads of Eastern Europeof the Early Iron Age. Currently, climate reconstructionis most successfully implemented by soil scientists when analyzing buried soils in burial mounds. The dependenceof nomad activity on natural and climatic conditionshas been confirmed. During the period of humanization, the peak activityof nomadic associations occurs. During the period of aridization, under unfavorable conditions, the activity of nomads decreases, their associations weaken, and the tendency to sedentarization of nomads manifestsitself. Keywords: early Iron Age, steppe landscape, Eastern Europe, climate, aridization, humanization, Scythians, Sarmatians, exopolitan mode of production.
Anais da 49ª Semana Científica Odontológica - Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL - MG, Edição 2024
Authors: Reis Leonardo Amaral dos , Freitas Amanda Beatriz Dahdah Aniceto de , Haddad Danziger Marcela Filié , Almeida Daniel Augusto de Faria , Fernandes Leandro Araújo
Published: October 2024

Caro(a) Leitor(a)
Nos dias 2, 3 e 4 de outubro de 2024, a Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Alfenas sediou a 49ª Semana Científica Odontológica da UNIFAL. Este evento teve como objetivo promover atividades na área de Odontologia, conduzidas por professores renomados, que trouxeram atualizações valiosas para alunos e profissionais, tanto na prática clínica quanto na pesquisa científica. O evento contou com a participação de mais de 300 inscritos e ofereceu palestras e minicursos que enriqueceram ainda mais a experiência dos participantes. Contamos com cerca de 140 trabalhos apresentados, distribuídos nos três pilares da aprendizagem: pesquisa, ensino e extensão. Os estudantes do curso de Odontologia tiveram a oportunidade de apresentar seus trabalhos em formato de painel e apresentação oral. Os membros da banca examinadora estabeleceram notas para os trabalhos, e ao final, 12 deles receberam menções honrosas, divulgadas no encerramento do evento. Além disso, recebemos a participação de alunos de graduação e pós-graduação de instituições externas, assim como de profissionais da odontologia da região de Alfenas. Aproveito a oportunidade para agradecer ao periódico Archives of Health Investigation, na pessoa da Profa. Associada Maria Cristina Rosifini Alves Rezende, pela honrosa oportunidade de publicar os resumos dos trabalhos apresentados no evento. Meus sinceros agradecimentos. Atenciosamente,
 Prof. Dr. Leonardo Amaral dos Reis
Presidente - 49ª Semana científica Odontológica da UNIFAL, Edição 2024
Quality indicators of new sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) varieties for high oleic and oilseed use under different growing conditions
Authors: Korol L. V. , Topchii O. V. , Prysiazhniuk L. M. , Dikhtiar I. O. , Ivanytska A. P. , Shytikova Yu. V. , Bezprozvana I. V. , Piskova O. V. , Smulska I. V.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. To study the influence of steppe and forest-steppe climatic conditions on the yield, oil content in seeds and fatty acid composition of oil in new sunflower varieties of high oleic and oilseed use. Methods. The research was conducted in accordance with “Methods of qualification examination of plant varieties for their suitability for distribution in Ukraine (general part)” and “Methods of qualification examination of plant varieties for their suitability for distribution. Methods of determining quality indicators of plant production”. The following methods were used in the research: laboratory, comparison, generalisation, mathematical statistics, analysis and synthesis to draw conclusions. Results. The fatty acid composition of the seeds of new varieties of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) of high oleic and oilseed use, grown in different soil and climatic conditions, was studied. According to the results of the analysis in the steppe zone, the variety ‘LG50648’ has the highest economic and value characteristics: oil content (51,0%), oleic acid (85.1%), yield (3.11 t/ha); varieties ‘SULIANO’ and ‘MAS 908HOCP’ – yield (3.40 and 3.91 t/ha) and oleic acid content (85.8 and 86.1%) regardless of the gro­wing conditions. It was found that high oleic sunflower varieties ‘MAS 908HOCP’, ‘LG50648’, ‘SULIANO’ grown under steppe and forest-steppe conditions yielded higher quality oil. The maximum content of oleic acid in 2022–2023 was characteristic of the seeds of the varieties ‘MAS 908HOCP’ (86.1% in the steppe and 85.8% in the forest steppe) and ‘SULIANO’. The hi­ghest linoleic acid content was obtained in the seeds of the oilseed use varieties ‘STK104’ (62.9% in the steppe and 58.5% in the forest steppe) and ‘STK103’ (61.2% in the forest steppe). Among the high oleic varieties, the best results were obtained with ‘LG50648’ (5.7% in the steppe and 5.9% in the forest steppe). Conclusions. Oil content of sunflower varieties and fatty acid composition are determined by varietal characteristics of sunflower and environmental conditions. Modern sunflower varieties, which are included in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine, have high yield potential and can provide a large yield of vegetable oil per unit area. Agroclimatic conditions have different effects on the gross seed yield and oil quality in the conditions of the forest steppe and steppe of Ukraine.
Asymmetric effects of life and non-life insurance on economic growth in Saudi Arabia: A nonlinear analysis
Authors: Drissi Ramzi , Alsuhaibani Emtinan
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the asymmetric effects of life and non-life insurance on economic growth in Saudi Arabia. Quarterly data on insurance penetration rates and GDP growth from 2009 to 2022, obtained from the Global Economy, Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority, and World Bank databases, are utilized. A nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model is employed to examine the relationships between insurance and growth. The results reveal a significant and asymmetric relationship between life insurance penetration and GDP growth. Specifically, a 1% increase in life insurance penetration is associated with a 0.3% increase in GDP growth in the long run, while a 1% decrease shows no significant effect. For non-life insurance, both increases and decreases demonstrate significant but asymmetric impacts on growth. A 1% increase in non-life insurance penetration corresponds to a 0.2% increase in GDP growth, whereas a 1% decrease is linked to a 0.15% decrease in GDP growth. These findings support the ‘supply-leading’ hypothesis, suggesting that the insurance sector can play a leading role in promoting economic growth. The results provide new quantitative insights into the relationship between insurance and economic growth in Saudi Arabia, offering valuable implications for policymakers. It is suggested that the insurance industry can be leveraged to foster economic growth by promoting life insurance and managing the asymmetric impacts of non-life insurance.
Effect of chemical modification on hydraulic conductivity of stratified porous media
Authors: Gupta Shailesh Kumar , Shrivastava Amit Kumar , Kumar Munendra
Published: October 2024

Understanding hydraulic conductivity is essential in porous media as it dictates the capacity of fluids to permeate through these substances. This research investigated the impact of chemical modification using fly ash on hydraulic conductivity. The coefficient of hydraulic conductivity along the bedding plane at different angles of orientations was predicted by employing machine learning techniques such as gene expression programming (GEP), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and regression tree (RT), considering various influencing parameters. As the amount of fly ash in the porous medium rises, the hydraulic conductivity decreases. The statistical results demonstrate that the proposed ANN model effectively forecasted the horizontal hydraulic conductivity. It achieved the highest R2 value (0.989), the lowest mean absolute percentage error value (5.772), the lowest scatter index value (0.040), and the lowest Akaike Information Criterion value (−2,359.914) compared to the GEP, RT, and previously established approaches. Moreover, a novel equation has been proposed for determining horizontal hydraulic conductivity, which can be used for any stratified medium, distinguishing this work from previous ones. These findings can inform global practices in mitigating groundwater contamination, enhancing irrigation efficiency, and improving the design of subsurface fluid flow systems, making it a valuable contribution to both academic and practical applications worldwide.
The Revolutionary Potential of Noble Metal Nanoparticles as Anti-Cancer Agents: State-Of-The-Art Applications and Future Perspectives
Authors: Roy Nimisha , Jaiswar Ankur , Prabhakar Amit , Verma Deepti
Published: October 2024

Cancer is perhaps one of the gravest challenges that humanity has been
facing for centuries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the
second leading cause of death worldwide. Nanotechnology has revolutionized cancer
research by providing a targeted and selective alternative to conventional treatment
modalities and drug delivery protocols with lesser side effects and negligible systemic
toxicity. Nanoparticles (NP), particularly noble metal nanoparticles, are one such
competent alternatives that have been extensively studied and applied to various
aspects of cancer therapy with exemplary results. Nanoparticles of noble metals such as
silver, gold, and platinum possess unique properties like small size, non-toxicity, high
surface-to-volume ratio, tunable optical properties,and ease of functionalization with
antibodies, nucleic acids, nucleotides, and peptides. These nanoparticles have an
inherent advantage over traditional moieties regarding intracellular delivery due to their
small size. This proved very helpful in the gene silencing method involving smallinterfering RNA for the down-regulation of gene expressions in cancerous cells. In
particular, gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are highly selective radiosensitizers, whereas
silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on
cancer cells. Platinum nanoparticles (PtNP) and AuNPs display exceptional
thermoplasmonic properties and hence are being used effectively in cancer photo
thermal therapy (PTT). PtNPs have the potential to amplify the efficacy and selectivity
of the hadron therapy. This chapter will elaborate on all the above-mentioned roles of
noble metal NPs in creating an effective anti-cancer therapy paradigm focusing on
theranostics and drug delivery mechanisms.
Patent Landscape of Nanotechnology In Healthcare
Authors: Iyer Chitra Kalyanasundaram , Jain Arvind Kumar
Published: October 2024

Over the years, there has been significant research on various aspects of
nanotechnology in various domains that have found applications in diverse domains. In
the healthcare sector, there have been rapid advances in the application of
nanotechnology for prevention, treatment and diagnosis, leading to extensive
publications as well as patent filings. The patent landscape study presented in this
chapter covers year-wise trends in nanotechnology-based patent filings in healthcare
domains such as diagnostics, therapeutics, theranostics, drug delivery, pharmaceutical
compositions, pharmaceutical preparations, etc. This broad and high-level overview of
patent filing trends may be used to give at least an approximate indication of past,
present, and future research activities, anticipated spend and expected opportunities.
Given the fact that patent filing and prosecution activities are expensive and need
investments beyond mere R&D in terms of patent filing, prosecuting and enforcing the
patent rights in various geographies may be indicative of general interest in each of
these topics, including past investments and future expectations.
Graphene and Waste Management A Roadmap for Cost-Effective Graphene Production
Authors: Hayat Mamoona , Ali Junaid , Arif Saira , Pervez Khaled , Siddiqui Ghayas Uddin , Casiraghi Cinzia
Published: October 2024

The sustainable development goals have provided a boost and economic
appeal to recycling and reusing waste. Waste materials like plastic, industrial, and
biomass can be exploited as a foundation to produce valuable products, including
wonder materials like graphene. It is utilized in almost every field of life, from
environmental sustainability to smart clothing. Waste material contains a variety of
organic polymers which can be converted into graphene and its derivatives. It uses
various methods like metal catalysis, laser ablation techniques, flash Joule heating, and
pyrolysis. These methods may produce 3D, 2D, 1D, and 0D graphene. The obtained
products have exclusive properties like thermal, optoelectronic, and electrical
properties. The potential for removing and converting waste into the revolutionary
material of the century opens possibilities for a sustainable and progressive yet less
hazardous world for our future generations. Some approaches promise the fabrication
of graphene and its spin-offs from biowaste like sugarcane bagasse, dog feces, and
grass. Similarly, liquid phase exfoliation of graphene provides less hazardous and
sustainable graphene production from materials without using toxic materials or
burdening the earth with waste products. The carbon-negative approach proves an
environmentally friendly alternative to prevalent waste-burning practices to dispose of
such waste. The obtained graphene and related products have distinctive properties and
tremendous applications at a fraction of the cost. The potential for removing and
converting waste into the revolutionary material of the century opens possibilities for a
sustainable and progressive yet less hazardous world for our future generations. This
chapter reviews the efficient methods for synthesizing graphene from waste products
and its various applications.
Two-Dimensional Boron Nitride From Synthesis to Energy Applications
Authors: Pathak Rakshit , Limanjoobi Seyedeh Hanieh Ghiasi
Published: October 2024

There is a great deal of interest in other 2D compounds due to the
development and practicality of graphene in many fields. Due to its similar properties
to graphene, the boron nitride (BN) nanosheet has become one of the most thoroughly
studied and investigated nanomaterials in this area. The next wave of electrical and
optoelectronic products can incorporate 2D-hBN and other 2D materials like graphene.
In this chapter, our main aim is to summarize the 2D h-BN nanosheets and their
synthesis process via two different mechanisms, i.e., exfoliation techniques and the
Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) process. The chapter also provides insights into
the 2D h-BN's energy-associated properties and their applications in fabricating various
energy storage devices, including batteries, supercapacitors, and solar and fuel cells.