bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Poisson-Lindley Parameter Estimation: LQM and Reliability Analysis Applied to Guinea Pig Survival Data
Authors: Othman Sameera
Published: December 2024

The main objective of this work is to estimate the scale parameter of the Poisson Lindley distribution by means of multiple approaches, such as Poisson Linear Quantile-Moment and Maximum Likelihood. Based on mean square error criteria(MSE), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC), Linear Quantile-Moment is the most efficient estimator among these techniques. The study focuses on reliability analysis and investigates the probability functions of the distribution to create a theoretical framework for parameter estimation by Using R programming language for in-depth analysis. Through simulation and real data analysis, several estimation techniques are compared and contrasted, demonstrating the superiority of the Linear Quantile Moment approach in terms of accuracy and model fit. The Poisson Lindley Distribution parameter estimation is improved in this work, which has implications for environmental research, finance, and epidemiology. Moreover, variance estimates for the known parameters and the related Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) statistics, along with their corresponding p-values for the Poisson-Lindley Distribution (PLD), are analyzed using actual data on guinea pig survival times under various tubercle bacilli dosages. An observation indicating a strong fit with the optimal estimator with (LQM=4.190217) and the lowest MSE (78.71956) is made in light of the small K–S distance and the significant p-value for the test.
A Compilation of COVID-19 Pandemic Based Social Institutional Transformations
Authors: Dovie Delali Adjoa , Aidoo Ama Esirifi , Anarfi Ophelia , Arthur-Mensah Reginald , Awude Emelia , Eliason Cecilia , Normanyo Francis , Gyaban-Mensah Anna , Twumasi Louisa
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic created significant disruptions in the social organization of society globally, with far-reaching changes in all spheres of societal life. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive report on the impact of the pandemic on Ghanaian social institutions. A cross-sectional design was used. A sample of 30 males and females was purposively selected for the study. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed thematically. The findings disaggregated the impacts, challenges, and prospects of the pandemic. The impacts encompass the undertaking of miniature political party campaigns in the 2020 elections and periodic state-led situational pandemic updates, financial insecurity, interruptions in work activities, the closure of schools, and markets, and family integration/bonding. Key challenges encountered were the reopening of schools, restrictions on social gatherings and movements, inadequate financial resources, abandonment of pandemic death-related corpses, etc. The study revealed prospects at the individual (resort to digital modes of payment, relative adherence to rules and regulations), and institutional (local production of PPEs, e-preaching intensified), state (a paradigm shift in teaching and learning – e-learning), and the facilitation of ad-hoc philanthropism at the individual and institutional levels. In conclusion, the pandemic is a dramatic source of social change that impacted social institutions in Ghana.
Harvesting and marketing potentiality of Chiraito (Swertia chirayita), Amriso (Thysanolaena maxima), and Timur (Zanthoxylum armatum) in western mid hills of Nepal
Authors: Bolakhe Sandesh , Ghimire Pramod , Kafle Gandhiv
Published: December 2024

This study carried out in April, 2016 assesses the market potentiality and different factors affecting the collection of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), mainly Chiraito (Swertia chirayita), Amriso (Thysanolaena maxima), and Timur (Zanthoxylum armatum) (CAT) found in the Panchase region of western Nepal. Three communities Bagefadke (Syangja), Ramjha (Parbat), and Bhadaure Tamagi (Kaski) of Panchase region were selected as the study site. Data were collected using a structured schedule interview with 105 randomly selected households (HHs) and included information collected from key informants (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs). Collection of CAT varied across the HHs; on average they collected 0.38 kg of Chiraito, 7.28 Bhari Amriso, and 0.62 kg Timur seasonally. The findings revealed that age, large family size, illiterate peoples, and near users were more likely to collect CAT. Similarly, sex was found to significantly reduce the activity of collection and trade of NTFPs. Walking distance to the resource significantly increases the favor of collection indicating that the valuable CAT collected are from near locations. While the positive relationship between family size, distance from home, and collection (p<0.1) implies that large family size and users near to the forest are more likely to collect CAT than other variables. Market potentiality of CAT is seen high (55%, 67%, and 68%, respectively), Amriso and Timur have seen more market potentiality compared to Chiraito. It may be due to the high availability of Amriso and Timur in the area.
Review of hemodynamics in direct aspiration thrombectomy for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Shi Yubing , Yang Hongyi , Dong Jing , Barnes Peter
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common and lethal cerebral vascular disease. Early thrombus removal is crucial to the patient treatment and recovery. Clinical studies suggested that Direct Aspiration Thrombectomy (DAT) is a promising minimally invasive treatment option for AIS patients. It is necessary to summarize the hemodynamic studies about the DAT for further improvement of the technology.
Methods: This paper reviewed the current in vitro and computer modelling studies of the hemodynamic response in the DAT, commenting on the merits and the deficiencies in the related research works reported in the literature.
Results: Review of literature reveals that majority of current studies were focused on the comparison of the responses produced by using various suction systems on catheters of different calibers. For future technical improvement to facilitate clinical treatment, we suggest that further research to concentrate on more in-depth hemodynamic analysis of the DAT procedure, including replacement of the constant suction pressure with pulsatile suction pressure, comparison of contact aspiration and non-contact aspiration, and optimization of catheter tip design.
Conclusions: This review summarized the concurrent technical development about the hemodynamic studies of the DAT technique and suggested directions for future improvement, which is helpful for the improvement of the AIS treatment planning and design optimization of next generation of interventional catheters.
The potential use of YouTube in teaching and learning Oral Biology and Pathology among BDS students of BPKIHS, Nepal
Authors: Jain Neetu , Keshwar Shashi , Raut Toniya , Agrawal Navin , Singh Vimmi
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Today, many students from various backgrounds turn to YouTube and other online learning platforms for supplementary information. In this research, we assessed the student’s opinions on the efficacy of YouTube for providing a high-quality education in the field of oral biology and oral pathology.
Methods: In this study, the principal investigator conducted a classroom lecture on two selected topics for students from BDS 2nd and 3rd year and provided a YouTube video link of the same topic to the participants. The YouTube video on the topic was selected by the experts on the subject. Following this, the principal investigator collected the data from the students using a validated semistructured questionnaire.
Results: Total 49(59%) participants strongly agreed that YouTube can be used effectively for understanding various oral biology and oral pathology topics, and 52(62.7%) of participants strongly agreed that YouTube is beneficial in teaching and learning various oral biology and oral pathology topics. However, 34(41%) of participants strongly agreed that YouTube is not the main learning tool but a support tool for providing information on various oral biology and oral pathology topics.
Conclusions: It can be concluded from the results that teaching and learning oral biology and oral pathology is more efficient if coupled with YouTube applications.
Current scenario on scope of Oral Pathology in Nepal: My perspective
Authors: Shrestha Bijayata
Published: December 2024

No abstract
Prevalence of dental caries on individual permanent tooth in patients visiting a tertiary care center
Authors: KC Neela , Maharjan Anjana , Thapa Sujan , Prasad Sharma Bishnu
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Dental caries is considered a major public health problem globally due to its high prevalence and significant social impact. In a developing country like Nepal, the prevalence of dental caries is increasing mainly due to a lack of awareness about dental caries. Hence, the present study was designed to assess the prevalence of dental caries on individual permanent tooth surfaces.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 384 patients visiting Patan Hospital, aged above 18 years where a convenience sampling technique was used for data collection. After the diagnosis of dental caries was made, each surface of caries was recorded on the proforma sheet for both maxillary and mandibular teeth. This sheet included mesial, distal, lingual/palatal, buccal/labial, incisal/occlusal surfaces.
Results: A total of 1194 carious surfaces were recorded in 384 participants. Caries distribution was higher in maxillary arch 614(51.40%) than in mandible 580(48.60%). The majority of caries affected teeth were first molars followed by second molars.
Conclusions: In this study, the prevalence of caries was higher in the maxillary arch than in the mandibular arch and the most affected tooth was the mandibular first molar and the least was mandibular central incisors. Similarly, more females were affected than males, and a higher proportion of caries were found in the age group between 18 to 35 years.
Farmer’s Knowledge, Perception, & Management of Major Diseases of Ginger in Palpa District, Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Niraj , Subedi Anuja , Giri Hom Nath
Published: December 2024

Ginger, a high-value spice crop of mid-hill regions in Nepal, is ranked fourth in global ginger production. Palpa is one of the major ginger-producing districts of Nepal. The survey was conducted in the Ginger Block of Agriculture Knowledge Center (AKC), Palpa using a semi-structured questionnaire, key information interview, and focus group discussion on the knowledge and management of ginger disease. Out of 905 respondents, 90 ginger farmers from the Bagnaskali, Nisdhi, and Purbakhola rural municipalities were randomly selected for the study. Both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed through computer software like the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Microsoft- Excel including simple descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and independent t-test. Rhizome rot (Index -value 0.95), was reported as a major disease followed by Bacterial wilt, leaf spot, soft rot, and storage mold and disease severity occurs 3-5 months day after sowing (DAS). Most farmers adopted the cultural method instead of the chemical method despite a high literacy rate and had a significant association with the use of chemical pesticides at a 5% level of significance. Furthermore, training had found a significant association with farmers’ knowledge level of diseases at a 1% level of significance. Farmers had perceived a 31.58 % yield loss due to disease, 40% loss of income, and agriculture income had found a positive influence on the adoption of disease management. Thus, effective and efficient disease management methods should be adopted to hinder yield loss and control disease.
Preponed Budburst in Grapevine ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ Enables Berry Harvest before Monsoon in Lower Hills of Nepal
Authors: Sapkota Puja , Ghimire Nishes , Sapkota Rekha , Poudel Pragya , Dahal Kishor Chandra
Published: December 2024

Berry harvesting coinciding with the monsoon is the major problem of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivation in Nepal. Nepalese viticulture is benefitted by advancing budburst and hydrogen cyanamide (HC) has the potential to break the bud dormancy in grapevine leading to early harvesting. To prepone the budburst and thus the harvesting, field experiment was conducted in a commercial vineyard, Dhading, aiming to identify the appropriate dose of HC for the advancement of natural budburst in cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. Six HC application treatments; (i) Control, ii) 2% HC, iii) 3.5% HC, iv) 5% HC, v) 6.5% HC, and vi) 8% HC) were replicated four times considering vine as replication in randomized complete block design. Grapevine growth were recorded using a modified Eichhorn and Lorenz (E-L) growth stage notation, and other quantitative and qualitative attributes were measured at flowering and harvesting. HC preponed the budburst (about 3 weeks) compared to control. Number of days to 50% budburst was earlier (31 days) in 3.5% HC treated vines than in control. Budburst and flowering were maximum (70±2.72% and 63.33±4.08%, respectively) in 2% HC treated vines and the lowest (20.83±14.17% and 19.17±13.63%, respectively) was in 8% HC treated vines in 84 days after HC application. TSS was varied but the average bunch weight did not differ with HC treatments in the same day of harvest. Higher HC concentration (≥6.5%) adversely affected the budburst and thus in flowering and yield. The HC was effective to prepone the natural budburst calendar, shoot growth and flowering, enabling harvesting before monsoon. The HC 2% application in winter buds was found appropriate for the cv. Cabernet Sauvignon to prepone budburst and harvesting before monsoon. The HC dose and application timing might be differ in cultivars and growing condition, thus, cultivar and location specific researches are recommended
Performance and Post-Harvest Evaluation of Sweet Pepper Genotypes
Authors: Rawal Ranjana , Bhusal Bikash , Poudel Sujata , Gautam Ishwori Prasad
Published: December 2024

The study evaluated the novel six open-pollinated sweet pepper genotypes for yield, quality, and self-life at Khumaltar conditions during 2078–2079. The experiment was laid out in RCB design with six treatments and four replications. Each plot was mulched with 25-micron plastic, and 43-day-old seedlings were planted by making a hole at a distance of 60 cm x 45 cm. The result showed that sweet pepper genotypes had a significant effect on yield attributing and quality parameters. HRDCAP004 (575.1) and HRDCAP003 (527.9) recorded the highest number of fruits per plot. However, the highest yield was recorded in genotype HRDCAP001 (37.8 t/ha). The lower yield in genotype ‘HRDCAP003’ (24.7 t/ha), even though it had the highest number of fruits per plot, was due to the smaller fruit size of this genotype. There was a significant effect of the sweet pepper genotype on the quality attributing characters. The content of titratable acidity (0.6 %), Ascorbic acid content (21.1 mg/100g), and fruit firmness (4.1 kg/cm2) was found to be significantly higher in ‘HRDCAP001’ compared to other genotypes. In addition, fruits were wrapped in 25 μ low-density polyethylene bags and stored under Coolbot conditions at 8 oC and 95% relative humidity. The result indicates a significant effect of packaging and storage conditions on the storage life of the tested genotypes. Hence, the genotype HRDCAP001 will be further recommended for farmers’ field trials and a variety registration processes.
Predicting Cultivation Area, Production, and Yield of Maize in Nepal: An ARIMA Model Approach
Authors: Poudel Bibas
Published: December 2024

Background: Maize is the primary cereal crop of Nepal after rice. It is the major component of feed for the livestock and poultry sectors. The current maize yield is unable to meet its increasing demand in Nepal. Hence, substantial quantities of maize are being imported to fill the gap. Accurate forecasting of maize cultivation area, production, and yield is critical for successful market stabilization and sustainable agricultural practice promotion. 
Objective: The study aims to predict the cultivation area, production, and yield of maize in Nepal from 2023/24 to 2029/30 using appropriate Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models.
Materials and Methods: The study uses time series data from 1963/64 to 2022/23 covering maize area (ha), production (Mt), and yield (Mt/ha), obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development and Agriculture Information and Training Center. The Box-Jenkins methodology-based ARIMA model was used for modeling and forecasting the future time series data. The estimated models were further diagnosed to validate no significant autocorrelation among residuals.
Results: The Box-Jenkins methodology demonstrated ARIMA (4, 1, 0), ARIMA (1, 1, 1) and ARIMA (1, 1, 1) models for forecasting maize cultivation area, production, and yield, respectively. The study predicts a 4.84% increase in maize cultivation area, a 6.83% rise in production, and a 3.17% improvement in yield from 2023/24 to 2029/30. However, these increases are not projected to meet Nepal's rising maize demand.
Conclusion: The study findings are relevant for ensuring import/export management and implementing the price policy in Nepal. The research highlights the need for technological advancements and improved management practices in maize production to ensure long-term sustainability.
Supplementary Materials: Predicting Cultivation Area, Production, and Yield of Maize in Nepal: An ARIMA Model Approach
Authors: Poudel Bibas
Published: December 2024

As mentioned in the manuscript.
PEMBERDAYAAN SEKOLAH PENGGERAK DALAM PEMBUATAN PAKAN IKAN BERBAHAN BAKU LOKAL DALAM PENUNJANG P5 TEMA KEWIRAUSAHAAN
Authors: Setyowati Desti , Komaryatin Nurul , Widiyono Aan , Ayuni Najwa Tri , Hermawan Ahmad Bagus Bambang Heri
Published: December 2024

Permasalahan utama pada Komunitas Belajar (Kombel) Al Sasa Gema di SDN Sarirejo 1 adalah rendahnya produktivitas budidaya ikan nila akibat kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam pembuatan pakan berkualitas serta pengelolaan budidaya ikan secara efektif. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan produktivitas budidaya ikan nila melalui penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna (TTG) dan pendampingan berkelanjutan, sehingga para guru dan siswa dapat memproduksi pakan ikan berkualitas tinggi dari bahan baku lokal serta mengoptimalkan pengelolaan budidaya ikan nila. Metode pengabdian meliputi perencanaan, sosialisasi, pelatihan pembuatan pellet ikan, penerapan teknologi, pendampingan intensif, dan evaluasi. Kegiatan dimulai sosialisasi dan pelatihan pada guru dan tenaga pendidik tentang budidaya ikan nila dan pembuatan pakan, diikuti dengan penerapan teknologi secara langsung di lapangan, serta pendampingan berkelanjutan untuk memastikan implementasi yang efektif. Hasil yang dicapai menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman dan keterampilan para mitra dalam memproduksi pakan ikan nila secara mandiri menggunakan alat TTG-APPIN, yang berdampak peningkatan kapasitas produksi ikan nila di sekolah. Evaluasi program mengungkapkan respon positif dari para mitra, dengan sebagian besar menyatakan bahwa program ini berhasil meningkatkan kemampuan mereka dan mendukung keberlanjutan budidaya ikan nila di lingkungan sekolah. Program berhasil menjadikan SDN Sarirejo 1 sebagai model sekolah percontohan penerapan teknologi tepat guna bidang budidaya perikanan.
Kata Kunci: Pakan Ikan Nila, alat TTG-APPIN, Bahan Baku Lokal, Tema Kewirausahaan
PENDAMPINGAN PEMANFAATAN WHATSAPP BISNIS DAN INSTAGRAM BISNIS SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMASARAN DIGITAL PADA UMKM BERKAH DESA JEPITU
Authors: Rahmawati Nur , Mulyaningsih Sri , Vienastra Septian , Suhartono Suhartono , Hidayati Fika , Emilliana Natalia Trisakti Susanti Maria , Arif Wardana Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Jepitu Village is located in a karst hill area covering an area of ​​1,625.1960 km². Most of the population works as dryland farmers, gardeners, livestock breeders, and fishermen. Despite having abundant natural resources, including agricultural and marine products, local small businesses (MSMEs) face challenges in marketing their products, most of which have limited reach. To overcome this, the community service team assists in using WhatsApp Business and Instagram Business as digital marketing platforms for MSMEs in Jepitu. This training aims to improve product marketing through digital content creation and social media strategies. WhatsApp and Instagram Business offer features that facilitate customer interaction, such as automatic replies and product catalogs. This mentoring program has five stages: socialization, training, technology application, mentoring, and sustainability. The results show a significant increase in participants' understanding and use of digital marketing media, expanding marketing reach and increasing sales.
Keywords: MSMEs, digital marketing, WhatsApp Business, Instagram Business
A Decision Support System for Rational Deployment of Medical Equipment Based on Real-world Data
Authors: Jia Dingding , Zhang Haowei , You Yang , Li Yiming , Qian Shunxin , Tao Qilin , Su Qi , Lu Heqing
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To inform judgments about the efficient and rational deployment of medical equipment in hospitals and give decision support.Methods: The information system for rational deployment of medical equipment (MERDIS) is based on ASP.NET MVC framework and designed with SQL Server database and C# language. The analysis methods are based on clinical pathway demand and multiple regression data statistics. It uses big data collected from hospitals, including current equipment deployment, clinical pathways, and other basic information, to calculate and provide each hospital with a recommended equipment deployment.Results: By analyzing the data of 52 hospitals through the MERDIS system, it is convenient, accurate, and intuitive to get the rational deployment plan, and suggestions of different types of hospitals affected by different factors can be given conveniently, accurately, and intuitively.Conclusions: The MERDIS system’s design provides the basis for the subsequent development of medical equipment macro data management. In the process of continuous improvement and supplementing of data, the software model will become more and more accurate and reliable.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МЕНТАЛЬНИХ КАРТ ДЛЯ РОЗВИТКУ ВІЗУАЛІЗАЦІЇ У ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕДАГОГІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Каменська Ірина
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена проблемі використання ментальних карт в освітньому процесі вищої школи через застосування веб-сервісу MindMeister, як інноваційного освітнього ресурсу організації інформації. Представлено аналіз наукових праць українських та іноземних педагогів, які активно досліджували та обговорювали особливості використання ментальних карт в освітньому просторі.
Підготовка майбутніх фахівців професійної освіти спонукає науково-педагогічних працівників розвивати свою педагогічну майстерність шляхом опрацьовування та використання в освітньому середовищі електронних освітніх ресурсів та онлайн сервісів, задля ефективної, вдалої візуалізації навчальної інформації та з метою якісного доповнення теоретичного матеріалу у процесі підготовки майбутніх педагогів професійного навчання. Одним із перспективних шляхів візуалізації навчальних даних є використання ментальних карт із застосуванням веб-сервісу MindMeister.
Метою дослідження було розкрити особливості використання ментальних карт для розвитку візуалізації у процесі підготовки майбутніх педагогів професійного навчання. Для досягнення мети використано комплекс теоретичних та емпіричних методів: теоретичний аналіз періодичних видань, методичної та науково-педагогічної літератури, з метою визначення сутності основних понять, виявлення сучасного стану досліджуваної проблеми та можливостей у її вирішенні; аналіз використання ментальних карт в освітньому процесі через застосування веб-сервісу MindMeister.
Визначено важливість розвитку візуалізації у процесі підготовки майбутніх педагогів професійного навчання. Виділено цілі використання ментальних карт в освітньому процесі та виокремлено переваги використання ментальних карт, як інноваційного освітнього ресурсу організації інформації при підготовці педагогів професійного навчання по відношенню до традиційних: інтерактивність, підтримка, продуктивність, доступність, гнучкість. Встановлено, що використання ментальних карт дозволяє оптимізувати освітній процес, впливає на розвиток візуалізації у здобувачів вищої освіти, якість запам’ятовування та сприйняття інформації.
МІЖКУЛЬТУРНА ОСВІТА: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ЇЇ ВИВЧЕННЯ В МЕКСИЦІ
Authors: Жижко Олена , Хуерта-Васкес Моніка-Адріана , Белтран Галі-Александра
Published: December 2024

У статті надані результати історико-педагогічного дослідження, метою якого було представити стан дослідженості проблеми міжкультурної освіти та проаналізувати теоретичні підходи до її вивчення у мексиканському освтньому просторі. Дослідження проведено за допомогою документально-бібліографічного методу. Автори виявили, що стосовно стану дослідженості проблеми міжкультурної освіти на міжнародному та національному рівнях у вісімдесятих роках ХХ століття соціальні зміни на глобальному рівні спричинили явища мульти- та плюрикультурності, вимагаючи розробки нових методів викладання, заснованих на принципах інтеркультуралізму; внутрішньо- та міжкультурному діалозі; трансдисциплінарності і поваги до відмінності-подібності. Деякі дослідники погоджуються, що необхідно будувати міжкультурну дидактику на основі переосмислення навчального курикулуму з використанням критичної перспективи. З іншого боку, аналіз теоретичних підходів до вивчення міжкультурної освіти дозволив авторам визначити міжкультурну дидактику як оперативну дидактичну модель, спрямовану на забезпечення розвитку міжкультурних навичок в учнів; однією з її основних стратегій є навчання мовам (як рідній, так й іноземним, або мовам етнічних груп). Авторами встановлено, що дослідження мексиканської міжкультурної освіти має передбачати аналіз курикулярних проектів, а також вивчення соціально-економічних, культурних, психологічних особливостей, з одного боку, учнів, які належать до корінного населення Мексики, а з іншого боку, учнів-мігрантів, сім´ї яких повертаються зі Сполучених Штатів Америки.
ВИКЛАДАННЯ ІНОЗЕМНИХ МОВ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ТРАВМИ: СИСТЕМНИЙ ОГЛЯД ЛІТЕРАТУРИ
Authors: Плотніков Євген
Published: December 2024

Трансформація освітніх систем, яка стала помітною ознакою нашого часу, вимагає використання інколи незвичних механізмів реалізації щоденних освітніх практик. Не є винятком і проблема неперервного професійного розвитку шкільних учителів. Професійний розвиток вчителя іноземної мови - це складний, багатовимірний процес, який зазвичай спрямований на внесення якісних змін у загальні та професійні компетенції фахівця. Такий розвиток зумовлений не лише певними особистісними характеристиками людини, її інтелектуальним рівнем та професійним досвідом, але й ширшим соціальним та освітнім контекстом.
Recent advances in atomic-scale simulations for the design of air electrode materials in protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs)
Authors: Choi Sujin , Lee Seongjae , Kim Kyeounghak
Published: December 2024

This review article introduces the recent advances in atomic-scale simulations for the design of perovskite-type air electrode materials in protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs). Since the key mechanisms of surface and bulk reactions in PCFCs occur at the atomic scale, atomic-scale simulations have been widely applied for the design of electrode materials in PCFCs. In particular, density functional theory (DFT) is the most common method for investigating these phenomena. Based on both theoretical and experimental results, we found that DFT-calculated hydration and oxygen vacancy formation energies are the key factors in examining the activity of air electrode materials in PCFCs. In addition, those factors can be tuned by not only the change of B-O bond lengths but also the composition of electrode materials. This paper also briefly covers the recently highlighted composite and mixed types of air electrode materials.
The effect of adding CeO2 on the lithium-ion conductivity of PEO solid electrolytes in all solid-state batteries
Authors: Seo Jun , Seo Han Gil , Park Yoo Sei , Moon Taeho , Lee Jae-Won , Park Hee Jung
Published: December 2024

Polyethylene oxide (PEO) is used as a solid electrolyte in lithium solid-state batteries. Recently, research has been actively conducted to control lithium-ion conductivity by adding ceramic fillers. In this study, unlike previous research, ultra-nano-sized ceria (CeO2) was used as a ceramic filler, added in the range of 0 to 20 wt%. The sample resistance was analyzed using the 2-probe AC impedance method. The highest ionic conductivity was observed when 7.5 wt% of CeO2 was added to the PEO, attributed to the increased amorphous region within the PEO. A Li|solid electrolyte|Li symmetric cell was fabricated using the 7.5 wt% added solid electrolyte. It exhibited low cell overpotential at room temperature and demonstrated stable cycling characteristics for over 300 hours.
Design for compatibility evaluation of solid electrolyte and Cathode/Lithium anode materials for oxide-based solid-state batteries
Authors: Kim Hwa-Jung , Baek Seung-Wook
Published: December 2024

As the demand for safety and efficiency in lithium-ion batteries increases, research on solid electrolytes as promising alternatives to conventional liquid electrolytes has gained momentum. This study presents a systematic evaluation of compatibility between oxide-based solid electrolytes and cathode/anode materials, investigating their physical and electrochemical properties. A step-by-step assessment process is proposed, beginning with the structural, morphological, and conductivity evaluations of the solid electrolyte and extending to the interfacial stability and electrochemical performance assessments with cathode and lithium anode materials. For the cathode, compatibility was assessed through high-temperature stability, impedance measurements, and composite formation, with the goal of minimizing side reactions. For the lithium anode, evaluations included surface wettability, interfacial resistance, and lithium dendrite formation. These evaluations provide essential insights into the interactions at the electrode-electrolyte interfaces, enabling optimal material selection and processing methods to enhance battery performance and safety. The results from these compatibility evaluations offer valuable information for researchers and industry practitioners in the development of next-generation solid-state lithium-ion batteries. This research contributes to understanding key parameters for stable interfaces and long-lasting battery performance, advancing high-energy-density and safe lithium battery technologies.
Development of polymer-derived silicon carbide fibers for high-temperature ceramic matrix composites (CMCs)
Authors: Joo Young-jun , Lee Hyuck-jun , Cho Kwang-youn
Published: December 2024

The polymer-converted SiC fiber with high mechanical strength at high temperatures is attracting attention as reinforcing materials for ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in the aerospace and defense fields. Japan’s Nippon carbon and Ube industries, which were the first to successfully commercialize products based on Professor Yajima’s research, have established a continuous fiber product line-up classified as the three generations. First-generation Si-C-O (Nicalon) fibers and Si-Ti-C-O (Tyranno Lox M) fibers contain more than 12 wt% oxygen due to oxygen introduced during the curing process, and their strength deteriorates rapidly above 1,300°C. The second-generation SiC fibers and Si-Zr-C-O fibers have relatively low oxygen contents of 1–8 wt% by applying electron beam curing process or controlling thermodynamic decomposition. The second-generation SiC fibers exhibited a strength retention temperature of up to 1,500°C due to their low oxygen impurity content. However, their high-temperature tensile strength and creep resistance (Max. 1,150°C) were still insufficient owing to the excess carbon induced from the precursor polymer. The third-generation fibers are stoichiometric SiC fibers with a C/Si ratio controlled to nearly 1:1 (Hi-Nicalon Type S, Tyranno SA, and Sylramic fiber). In other words, these third-generation fibers have strength retention temperatures of up to 1700°C and creep resistance of 1400°C, making them suitable for use in CMCs for high-temperature structural applications such as gas turbine blades, flaps and shrouds. However, polymer-derived SiC fibers are difficult to widely use because they are very expensive and their application fields are not developed.
Теорія і практика організації змішаного навчання : навчально-методичний посібник
Authors:   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Науменко Н.
Published: December 2024

Навчальний посібник "Теорія і практика організації змішаного навчання" є комплексним виданням, що охоплює теоретичні, методологічні та практичні аспекти впровадження змішаного навчання в освітній процес закладів вищої освіти (ЗВО) та загальноосвітніх закладів (ЗЗСО). Посібник складається з семи тематичних розділів, які висвітлюють ключові аспекти організації змішаного навчання, починаючи від теоретичних основ, моделей, принципів і умов його реалізації, до практичних рекомендацій із використання інноваційних методів навчання, дистанційних технологій та організації інтерактивної взаємодії. Особлива увага приділяється інтегрованому інформаційно-освітньому середовищу, методиці організації діяльності учнів і студентів, а також ефективності змішаного навчання. У посібнику представлені інтерактивні методи роботи на заняттях в онлайн і офлайн режимах, а також під час безпосереднього спілкування зі студентами. Описано специфіку використання вебінарів, онлайн-лекцій, технологій веб-квестів, інтерактивних методів та інструментів електронного навчання для управління самостійною роботою студентів. Посібник стане корисним для викладачів, педагогів, майбутніх учителів музичного мистецтва, а також для науковців, які займаються дослідженням освітніх технологій. Видання спрямоване на підвищення якості освіти через гармонійне поєднання традиційних та інноваційних підходів.
Manejo nutricional en pacientes con cáncer en pediatría: una revisión narrativa
Authors: Jaimes Sanabria Mayra Zulay , Higuera Carrillo Michelle Melissa , Pinzón Espitia Olga Lucia , Calderón Rojas Alba Luz , Rueda Rincón Jorge Mario
Published: December 2024

Introducción: El cáncer infantil afecta cada año a 400.000 niños y adolescentes en el mundo, siendo esta la segunda causa de mortalidad infantil; se estima que hasta el 70 % de los pacientes pediátricos con neoplasias malignas padecen desnutrición. El objetivo de esta revisión narrativa es mapear la literatura existente sobre el manejo nutricional en pacientes pediátricos con cáncer, identificar brechas en investigación y proporcionar una visión general de las prácticas actuales y áreas que requieren mayor estudio.
Materiales y Métodos: Revisión siguiendo metodología PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews), la cual incluye un proceso sistemático para la búsqueda, selección y síntesis de la literatura relevante. Se utilizaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión específicos para garantizar una cobertura exhaustiva del tema. Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, CINAHL, Lilacs y Cochrane plus y en el buscador Google Académico, se incluyeron publicaciones en español e inglés en el período comprendido entre 2000 y 2023.
Resultados: Se seleccionaron 36 artículos relacionados con evaluación y alteraciones del estado nutricional, efectos adversos al momento y durante la respuesta al tratamiento y supervivencia.
Conclusiones: La literatura encontrada hace referencia a un manejo nutricional y oportuno que incluya una evaluación nutricional de rutina durante y después del tratamiento del cáncer que permita establecer el manejo nutricional necesario para garantizar el crecimiento y desarrollo normales y evitar el desarrollo de morbilidades a largo y corto plazo.
Croats in Emigrant Organizations from Central and Eastern Europe during the First Half of the Cold War: International Peasant Union and Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations
Authors: Tepeš Ivan
Published: December 2024

Based on relevant literature, emigrant press and Croatian archival sources, the paper presents and compares the activities and the attitudes of Croatian political emigrants in organizations of emigrants from Central and Eastern Europe in the period of the first half of the Cold War from 1945 to the end of the 1960s. Two main groups were active within the Croatian political emigration at that time. One group was gathered around the leadership of the Croatian Peasant Party, the strongest Croatian pre-war party, while the other group was made up of former members of the Ustaša movement, the Nazi war ally. Members of both groups had to go into exile at the end of the Second World War as opponents of the new communist regime. By coming into exile, they very quickly began to connect with other political emigrants from the countries of Central and Eastern Europe on an anti-communist basis. The group gathered around the Croatian Peasant Party found its activities within the International Peasant Union and organizations sponsored by American Free Europe Committee, while the group close to the Ustaša movement found its platform for action in the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations. The aim of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding of the history of Central and Eastern Europe, especially the Cold War activities of political emigrants from that area, through the activities of Croatian emigrants within international emigrant organizations.
Konservatuvar lisans düzeyi opera bölümlerinde sınıf ve cinsiyet bazında repertuvar seçimi
Authors: Aktakka Furkan
Published: December 2024

Çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye’de lisans düzeyinde eğitim verilen konservatuvar opera bölümlerinde yapılan şan sınavlarında öğrencilerin icra edecekleri eserleri içeren sınav repertuvarlarının oluşturulma süreçlerinde cinsiyet ve sınıfa dayalı eğilimleri anlamaktır. Bu bağlamda şan sınavlarında kadın ve erkek öğrencilerin sınıf bazında hangi eserleri daha fazla sayıda tercih ettikleri ortaya konulmak istenmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında, sınav repertuvarlarında yer alan eserlerin sınıf ve cinsiyet değişkenleriyle olası korelasyonlarının incelenmesinin yanı sıra bu eserlerin tercih edilme nedenleri de ele alınmaktadır. Betimsel analiz yaklaşımı çerçevesinde yapılan çalışmada, 2008 ve 2023 yılları arasında yapılmış şan sınavları için 127 öğrenci tarafından hazırlanan ve 1518 farklı eseri içeren toplam 623 sınav programından elde edilen niteliksel veriler microsoft excel programı yardımıyla derlenmiş, analiz edilmiş ve istatistiksel veri haline getirilmiştir. Verilerin analiz edilmesi sonucu ulaşılan bulgular özellikle Hazırlık ve Lisans 1. Sınıf düzeyindeki kadın öğrencilerin W.A. Mozart’ın Figaro’nun Düğünü Operasında yer alan L’ho perduta isimli aryasını; erkek öğrencilerin ise F. Schubert’in Winterreise lied serisinin son şarkısı olan Der Leiermann isimli eserini açık bir biçimde daha çok tercih ettiklerine işaret etmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında ulaşılan dikkat çekici bulgulardan birisi de tüm sınıf seviyeleri için ve her iki cinsiyet bağlamında da W.A. Mozart’ın Don Giovanni ve Figaro’nun Düğünü operalarına ait arya formundaki belirli eserlerin baskın bir biçimde daha çok tercih edildiğini ortaya koymaktadır.
İcra ve notasyon farklılığı bağlamında iki Rumeli türküsünün usûl açısından incelenmesi
Authors: Kanat Erkan
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırma makalesi, resmi müzik kurumları arşivleri ya da diğer web tabanlı arşivlerde yer alan notalarda Sofyan ve/veya Nim Sofyan usûllerinde görünen ancak profesyonel icracılar tarafından bu usûllerin dışında darplarla icra edilen Şahane Gözler Şahane ve Köşküm Var Deryaya Karşı adlı iki Rumeli türküsünün icrası ve notasyonu arasındaki farklılığına dikkat çekmek ve bu alanda çalışma yapan araştırmacılara katkı sunmak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Her ne kadar form açısından bu eserler şarkı olarak da adlandırılsalar da yazınsal çalışmaların çoğunluğunda türkü tanımlaması büyük oranda kullanıldığından bu çalışma içerisinde de türkü tanımlaması tercih edilmiştir. Her iki eserin notası da verilerek söz konusu bağlam temelinde bu türkülerin örnek olarak verilen icrası sırasında kullanılan darpları da içeren nota örneği de betimsel analiz yöntemiyle karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmuştur. Eserlerin mevcut notalarında görülen usûle bağlı kalmaksızın ortaya konan icralardan anlaşıldığı üzere her iki türkünün de Nim/ Sofyan/Sofyan usûllerinin sahip olduğu darpları kısmen içerdiği ancak eserlerin bütününde sözel yapıya uyumlu üç zamanlı vurguların da icra edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla da Nim Sofyan ve Sofyan usûllerinden ayrılan ve sözel yapıya uyumlu görünen darp dizilimiyle yeniden notaya alınmış iki eserin nota ve icra arasındaki farklılığını eserdeki zaman kavramı açısından ortadan kaldırabilmek maksadıyla bir notasyon önerisi de sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.
The application of quantum computing in music composition
Authors: Lee Johee , Yang Weijia
Published: December 2024

Quantum computing and artificial intelligence, two prominent topics in science and technology, are rapidly advancing and extending their influence into numerous fields, including music. Quantum computer music, which merges the strengths of quantum computing and deep learning, heralds a new era in the integration of music creation with cutting-edge technology. The interactive quantum music composition “Spinnings—Q1 Synth Trio”, created by Brazilian composer Miranda during the QuTune project at the Interdisciplinary Centre for Computer Music Research (ICCMR), in collaboration with the University of Oxford, stands as a notable example of quantum computer music. This study adopts a case study approach to thoroughly investigate the technical creative process behind this work, covering elements such as quantum computing, quantum properties, qubits, quantum gates, and quantum circuits, gradually unveiling the mathematical logic behind quantum algorithmic composition. The results of this study indicate that quantum algorithmic composition, as an emerging approach to music creation, not only generates unique music through the characteristics of quantum computing but also offers new possibilities for the integration of music, art, and technology. By applying quantum bits, quantum gates, and quantum circuits, this research demonstrates how quantum computing can provide new theoretical foundations and practical methods for music composition. Furthermore, the study discusses how to optimize the interactive creative experience in quantum music works and how to enhance the understanding and appreciation of quantum music among a broader audience of musicians and listeners. With the continuous advancement of quantum computing technology, quantum music is poised to contribute a distinctive dimension to the global flourishing of musical culture. This research offers fresh perspectives and ideas for the development of this field.
Evrenin harmonik sesi: Pythagoras düşüncesinde müzik
Authors: Çötok Tufan , Akıncı Çötok Nesrin , Sabuncuoğlu İnanç Ayda
Published: December 2024

Yunan düşüncesinde felsefenin müziğe ilgisine başlamasına neden olan filozof Pythagoras ve meydana getirdiği topluluktur. Kendisinden önce yapılan felsefeyi farklı bir coğrafyaya, yani İyonya felsefesini İtalya’ya taşıyan Pythagoras Babil ve Mısır gibi yaşadığı çağın önemli bilgi üretme merkezlerine giderek bu geleneklerin bilgi birikimini de taşıma işlemine dahil etmiştir. Yazılı bir eseri günümüze kadar ulaşmamış olmakla birlikte belki de Sokrates öncesi felsefenin en fazla tartışılan filozoflarından biridir. Bir taraftan yaşadığı coğrafyadaki geleneği mistik eğilimler ile birleştirmek suretiyle kendi içerisinde kapalı bir topluluk meydana getirmiş ve bu topluluk içinde kabul görüp geniş kitlelere seslenmiş diğer taraftan ise pozitif bilimlerle uğraşıp matematik astronomi ve müzik alanında birçok yeniliğin kurucusu olmuştur. Özel olarak müzik alanında çalışmalarını sağlayan akıl yürütme şu şekildedir: Evren karşıtlardan meydana gelen bir uyumdur (harmonia). Bu uyum Pythagoras tarafından ilk müzik alanında görülür. Anlatıya göre mitolojik, felsefi veya matematiksel bir keşifle telli çalgılardaki ses aralıklarını keşfeder. Mitolojik akıl yürütme Iamblichus’un anlattığı bir efsaneye dayanır. Felsefi temellendirmeye göre evren bir uyumdur ve bu uyum kendisin müzikle ifade etmek mümkündür. Matematiksel temellendirmeye göre ise müzikteki ses aralıkları matematiksel orantılarla ifade edilebilir. Özellikle ses aralıklarının keşfi onu müzikte gerçekleşenin matematiksel olarak ifade edilebileceği fikrine götürür. Diğer taraftan pratik bir felsefe olma eğiliminde olan Pythagoras düşüncesi, ruhun iyiliği gerekli gördüğü harmonik uyumu müzik ile sağlamaya çalışır.
Olumsuz Anne-Ergen İlişki Niteliği ve İçselleştirme Sorunları Arasındaki İlişki: Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçların Engellenmesinin Aracı Rolünün İkili Analiz Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi
Authors: Koçak Aylin
Published: December 2024

Anneler ve ergenlik dönemindeki çocuklarının psikolojik iyi oluşlarının, aralarındaki ilişkinin niteliğinden nasıl etkilendiğini anlamayı amaçlayan çalışmalar olsa da az sayıda çalışma bu ilişkideki olası aracı mekanizmaları incelemiştir. Bu bağlamda, mevcut çalışma, kendini belirleme kuramı ışığında, temel psikolojik ihtiyaçların engellenmesinin bu ilişkideki aracı rolünü ikili analiz yöntemiyle incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Örneklem, 230 anne (Ortyaş = 45.47, S = 5.31) ve ergen (Ortyaş = 15.79, S = 1.84; %56,1’i kız) çiftinden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama amacı ile Anne-Ergen İlişki Niteliği Ölçeği-Anne ve Ergen Formları, Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçların Doyumu ve Engellenmesi Ölçeğinin Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçların Engellenmesi alt ölçeği ve Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Genişletilmiş Aktör-Partner Karşılıklı Bağımlılık Modeli (APIMeM) sonuçları, annelerin olumsuz ilişki niteliği bildirdiği durumda, bunun hem kendilerinin hem de ergenlik dönemindeki çocuklarının ihtiyaçlarının engellenmesi ile ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte, ergenler olumsuz ilişki niteliği bildirdiğinde, bu yalnızca kendi ihtiyaçlarının engellenmesiyle ilişkili bulunmuş ve ergenlerin ihtiyaçlarının engellenmesi ise hem kendilerinin hem de annelerinin içselleştirme sorunlarıyla ilişkili bulunmuştur. Diğer taraftan, annenin ihtiyaçlarının engellenmesi sadece kendi içselleştirme sorunlarıyla ilişkilidir. Bu durum, ergenin ihtiyaçlarının engellenmesine yönelik bildirimlerinin neredeyse tüm yollar için (annenin kendi içselleştirme sorunları hariç) olumsuz ilişki niteliği ile içselleştirme sorunları arasındaki ilişkide anlamlı bir aracı rol oynadığını göstermiştir. Annelerin ihtiyaçlarının engellenmesi ise kendi olumsuz anne-ergen ilişki niteliğine yönelik kendi bildirimleri ile içselleştirme sorunları arasındaki ilişkiye anlamlı bir şekilde aracılık etmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, kendini belirleme kuramı ve aile sistemler yaklaşımı ışığında tartışılmıştır.