bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological pain and reduced resting‐state heart rate variability in adults with a history of depression
Authors: Meerwijk Esther L. , Chesla Catherine A. , Weiss Sandra J.
Published: January 2014

Psychological pain is a prominent symptom in people who experience depression, but its relation with physiological measures has not been explored. This study compared two measures of psychological pain, the Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain (OMMP) questionnaire and the Psychache Scale, for their relationship with resting‐state heart rate variability (HRV) in 35 adults with a history of depression. Low‐frequency HRV decreased significantly with increasing psychological pain, particularly in participants who did not use antidepressants, while the beat‐to‐beat fractal dimension decreased in participants who did use antidepressants. Neither heart rate nor high‐frequency HRV was associated with psychological pain. These results suggest a state of arousal characterized by increased sympathetic activity. Results also indicate that the OMMP may be a more accurate measure of autonomic arousal associated with current psychological pain than the Psychache Scale.
Alterations in molecular muscle mass regulators after 8 days immobilizing Special Forces mission
Authors: Jespersen J. G. , Mikkelsen U. R. , Nedergaard A. , Thorlund J. B. , Schjerling P. , Suetta C. , Christensen P. A. , Aagaard P.
Published: January 2014

In military operations, declined physical capacity can endanger the life of soldiers. During special support and reconnaissance (SSR) missions, Special Forces soldiers sustain 1–2 weeks full‐body horizontal immobilization, which impairs muscle strength and performance. Adequate muscle mass and strength are necessary in combat or evacuation situations, which prompt for improved understanding of muscle mass modulation during SSR missions. To explore the molecular regulation of myofiber size during a simulated SSR operation, nine male Special Forces soldiers were biopsied in m. vastus lateralis pre and post 8 days immobilizing restricted prone position. After immobilization, total mammalian target of rapamycin protein was reduced by 42% (P < 0.05), whereas total and phosphorylated protein levels of Akt, ribosomal protein S6k, 4E‐BP1, and glycogen synthase kinase3β were unchanged. Messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of the atrogenes forkhead box O3 (FoxO3), atrogin1, and muscle ring finger protein1 (MuRF1) increased by 36%, 53%, and 71% (P < 0.01), MuRF1 protein by 51% (P = 0.05), whereas FoxO1 and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator‐1 β mRNAs decreased by 29% and 40% (P < 0.01). In conclusion, occupational immobilization in Special Forces soldiers led to modulations in molecular muscle mass regulators during 8 days prone SSR mission, which likely contribute to muscle loss observed in such operations. The present data expand our knowledge of human muscle mass regulation during short‐term immobilization.
Variations in jump height explain the between‐sex difference in patellar tendon loading during landing
Authors: Janssen I. , Brown N.A.T. , Munro B. J. , Steele J. R.
Published: January 2014

Patellar tendinopathy is the most common overuse knee injury in volleyball, with men reporting more than twice the injury prevalence than women. Although high patellar tendon loading is thought to be a causative factor of patellar tendinopathy, it is unknown whether between‐sex variations in landing technique account for differences in patellar tendon loading. It was hypothesized that male volleyball players would display differences in landing technique and would generate higher patellar tendon loading than their female counterparts. The landing technique and patellar tendon loading of 20 male and 20 female volleyball players performing a lateral stop‐jump block movement were collected. Independent t‐tests were used to identify any between‐sex differences in landing technique with the data grouped to account for differences in jump height and in anthropometry. Male volleyball players were taller and heavier, landed from a higher height, displayed differences in landing kinematics, generated a significantly greater knee extensor moment, and experienced higher patellar tendon loading than female players when all 40 participants were compared. However, when participants were matched on jump height, they generated similar patellar tendon loading, irrespective of their sex. These results imply that jump height is a more important determinant of patellar tendon loading than sex.
Sports‐related injuries in athletes with disabilities
Authors: Fagher K. , Lexell J.
Published: January 2014

The number of athletes with disabilities participating in organized sports and the popularity of the Paralympic Games is steadily increasing around the world. Despite this growing interest and the fact that participation in sports places the athlete at risk for injury, there are few studies concerning injury patterns, risk factors, and prevention strategies of injuries in disabled athletes. In this systematic literature search and critical review, we summarize current knowledge of the epidemiology of sports‐related injuries in disabled athletes and describe their characteristics, incidence, prevalence, and prevention strategies. The outcomes of interest were any injury, either an acute trauma or an overuse event. PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Google Scholar were systematically searched and 25 of 605 identified studies met the inclusion criteria. Lower extremity injuries were more common in walking athletes, whereas upper extremity injuries were more prevalent in wheelchair athletes. The methodologies and populations varied widely between the studies. Few studies were sports or disability specific, which makes it difficult to determine specific risk factors, and few studies reported injury severity and prevention of injuries. Further longitudinal, systematic sports and disability specific studies are needed in order to identify and prevent injuries in athletes with disabilities.
The Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Membranous Features of the Plasmodium Liver Stage Tubovesicular Network
Authors: Grützke Josephine , Rindte Kerstin , Goosmann Christian , Silvie Olivier , Rauch Carolin , Heuer Dagmar , Lehmann Maik J , Mueller Ann‐Kristin , Brinkmann Volker , Matuschewski Kai , Ingmundson Alyssa
Published: January 2014

For membrane‐bound intracellular pathogens, the surrounding vacuole is the portal of communication with the host cell. The parasitophorous vacuole (PV) harboring intrahepatocytic Plasmodium parasites satisfies the parasites' needs of nutrition and protection from host defenses to allow the rapid parasite growth that occurs during the liver stage of infection. In this study, we visualized the PV membrane (PVM) and the associated tubovesicular network (TVN) through fluorescent tagging of two PVM‐resident Plasmodium berghei proteins, UIS4 and IBIS1. This strategy revealed previously unrecognized dynamics with which these membranes extend throughout the host cell. We observed dynamic vesicles, elongated clusters of membranes and long tubules that rapidly extend and contract from the PVM in a microtubule‐dependent manner. Live microscopy, correlative light‐electron microscopy and fluorescent recovery after photobleaching enabled a detailed characterization of these membranous features, including velocities, the distribution of UIS4 and IBIS1, and the connectivity of PVM and TVN. Labeling of host cell compartments revealed association of late endosomes and lysosomes with the elongated membrane clusters. Moreover, the signature host autophagosome protein LC3 was recruited to the PVM and TVN and colocalized with UIS4. Together, our data demonstrate that the membranes surrounding intrahepatic Plasmodium are involved in active remodeling of host cells.
Securing water and wastewater systems: global perspectives
Authors: Clark Robert M.
Published: January 2014

There has been long‐standing concern that water systems are vulnerable to man‐made and natural threats. In the United States, after the events of 11 September 2001, government planners focused on the possibility that the nation's critical infrastructure may be vulnerable to terrorist attacks. However, as demonstrated in this paper, there are many other factors that influence water supply security including lack of water resource availability, threats from point and nonpoint source pollution to water‐related ecosystems, and impact of climate change. In order to meet water security threats, there is a need to balance human and environmental water needs while at the same time safeguarding essential ecosystem services and biodiversity. Integrated water resources management may help achieve this balance. Examples are presented, which illustrate the diversity of water security throughout the world.
Meet AAPT's new President, Steve Iona
Authors: Willis Courtney
Published: January 2014

I first met Steve Iona 40 years ago at a Denver Area Physics Teachers meeting. Steve had recently completed bachelor's and master's degrees in mathematics from the University of Chicago. Being a Colorado native, he was interested in returning to Colorado to teach. Steve had some rather high-powered recommendations, including one from a Nobel laureate. As Steve is fond of saying, because the recommendations were secret, he never knew if they were positive or not, but at least they were good enough for him to get a job teaching junior high school! Within a couple of years Steve had moved to the high school and was teaching Project Physics, astronomy, and general science. Steve continued to teach high school for over 25 years.
More than “Cool Science”: Science Fiction and Fact in the Classroom
Authors: Singh Vandana
Published: January 2014

The unfortunate negative attitude toward physics among many students, including science majors, warrants creative approaches to teaching required physics courses. One such approach is to integrate science fiction into the curriculum, either in the form of movies or the written word. Historically this has been done since at least the 1970s, and by now many universities and colleges have courses that incorporate science fiction stories or film. The intent appears to be to a) increase student interest in physics, b) increase the imaginative grasp of the student, and c) enable a clearer understanding of physics concepts. Reports on these experiments, from Freedman and Little's classic 1980 paper1 to more recent work like that of Dubeck et al.,2 Dark,3 and Smith,4 indicate that such innovative approaches do work. I was curious as to whether a combination of science fiction and science fact (in the form of a science news article) might enhance the benefits of including science fiction. Below I describe how I used a science fiction story along with a science article on a related theme to pique the interest of students in a new and exciting area of research that was nevertheless connected to the course material.
The Sakai spinner: A paperclip top
Authors: Corrao Christian T.
Published: January 2014

A challenge: Can you create a stable top from a single paper clip? Several interesting solutions to this problem were provided by Takao Sakai1 from Japan, the requirement of each being that the center of gravity be located on the vertical y-axis at the center of the top. In the simplest configuration, we see that there exists a single angle θ between the spokes for which this requirement is met (Figs. 1 and 2). While a rigorous calculation of this angle is a nice task for first-year university students, one simple approximation allows for a more high school-ready analysis.2 Even a qualitative study without any math makes for interesting and fun science.
Validity of the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 for Direct Measurement or Indirect Estimation of Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Female Soccer Players
Authors: Martínez-Lagunas Vanessa , Hartmann Ulrich
Published: January 2014

Purpose:

To evaluate the validity of the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIR1) for the direct assessment and the indirect estimation of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in female soccer players compared with a maximal laboratory treadmill test (LTT).

Methods:

Eighteen female soccer players (21.5 ± 3.4 y, 165.6 ± 7.5 cm, 63.3 ± 7.4 kg; mean ± SD) completed an LTT and a YYIR1 in random order (1 wk apart). Their VO2max was directly measured via portable spirometry during both tests and indirectly estimated from a published non-gender-specific formula (YYIR1-F1).

Results:

The measured VO2max values in LTT and YYIR1 were 55.0 ± 5.3 and 49.9 ± 4.9 mL · kg−1 · min−1, respectively, while the estimated VO2max values from YYIR1-F1 corresponded to 45.2 ± 3.4 mL · kg−1 · min−1. Large positive correlations between the VO2max values from YYIR1 and LTT (r = .83, P < .001, 90% confidence interval = .64–.92) and YYIR1-F1 and LTT (r = .67, P = .002, .37–.84) were found. However, the YYIR1 significantly underestimated players’ VO2max by 9.4% compared with LTT (P < .001) with Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement ranging from –20.0% to 1.4%. A significant underestimation from the YYIR1-F1 (P < .001) was also identified (17.8% with Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement ranging from –31.8% to –3.8%).

Conclusions:

The YYIR1 and YYIR1-F1 are not accurate methods for the direct assessment or indirect estimation of VO2max in female soccer players. The YYIR1-F1 lacks gender specificity, which might have been the reason for its larger error.
Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Simulated Soccer Performance
Authors: Williams Jeremy , Abt Grant , Kilding Andrew E.
Published: January 2014

Purpose:

To determine the effects of acute short-term creatine (Cr) supplementation on physical performance during a 90-min soccer-specific performance test.

Methods:

A double-blind, placebo-controlled experimental design was adopted during which 16 male amateur soccer players were required to consume 20 g/d Cr for 7 d or a placebo. A Ball-Sport Endurance and Speed Test (BEAST) comprising measures of aerobic (circuit time), speed (12- and 20-m sprint), and explosive-power (vertical jump) abilities performed over 90 min was performed presupplementation and postsupplementation.

Results:

Performance measures during the BEAST deteriorated during the second half relative to the first for both Cr (1.2–2.3%) and placebo (1.0–2.2%) groups, indicating a fatigue effect associated with the BEAST. However, no significant differences existed between groups, suggesting that Cr had no performance-enhancing effect or ability to offset fatigue. When effect sizes were considered, some measures (12-m sprint, –0.53 ± 0.69; 20-m sprint, –0.39 ± 0.59) showed a negative tendency, indicating chances of harm were greater than chances of benefit.

Conclusions:

Acute short-term Cr supplementation has no beneficial effect on physical measures obtained during a 90-min soccer-simulation test, thus bringing into question its potential as an effective ergogenic aid for soccer players.
Influence of Pacing Manipulation on Performance of Juniors in Simulated 400-m Swim Competition
Authors: Skorski Sabrina , Faude Oliver , Abbiss Chris R. , Caviezel Seraina , Wengert Nina , Meyer Tim
Published: January 2014

Purpose:

To date, there has been limited research examining the influence of pacing pattern (PP) on middle-distance swimming performance. As such, the purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of PP manipulation on 400-m freestyle swimming performance.

Methods:

15 front-crawl swimmers (5 female, 10 male; age 18 ± 2 y) performed 3 simulated 400-m swimming events. The initial trial was self-selected pacing (PPSS). The following 2 trials were performed in a counterbalanced order and required participants to complete the first 100 m more slowly (PPSLOW: 4.5% ± 2.2%) or quickly (PPFAST: 2.4% ± 1.6%) than the PPSS trial. 50-m split times were recorded during each trial.

Results:

Overall performance time was faster in PPSS (275.0 ± 15.9 s) than in PPFAST (278.5 ± 16.4 s, P = .05) but not significantly different from PPSLOW (277.5 ± 16.2 s, P = .22). However, analysis for practical relevance revealed that pacing manipulation resulted in a “likely” (>88.2%) decrease in performance compared with PPSS.

Conclusion:

Moderate manipulation of the starting speed during simulated 400-m freestyle races seems to affect overall performance. The observed results indicate that PPSS is optimal in most individuals, yet it seems to fail in some swimmers. Future research should focus on the identification of athletes possibly profiting from manipulations.
Variability of Measurements of Sweat Sodium Using the Regional Absorbent-Patch Method
Authors: Dziedzic Christine E. , Ross Megan L. , Slater Gary J. , Burke Louise M.
Published: January 2014

Context:

There is interest in including recommendations for the replacement of the sodium lost in sweat in individualized hydration plans for athletes.

Purpose:

Although the regional absorbent-patch method provides a practical approach to measuring sweat sodium losses in field conditions, there is a need to understand the variability of estimates associated with this technique.

Methods:

Sweat samples were collected from the forearms, chest, scapula, and thigh of 12 cyclists during 2 standardized cycling time trials in the heat and 2 in temperate conditions. Single measure analysis of sodium concentration was conducted immediately by ion-selective electrodes (ISE). A subset of 30 samples was frozen for reanalysis of sodium concentration using ISE, flame photometry (FP), and conductivity (SC).

Results:

Sweat samples collected in hot conditions produced higher sweat sodium concentrations than those from the temperate environment (P = .0032). A significant difference (P = .0048) in estimates of sweat sodium concentration was evident when calculated from the forearm average (mean ± 95% CL; 64 ± 12 mmol/L) compared with using a 4-site equation (70 ± 12 mmol/L). There was a high correlation between the values produced using different analytical techniques (r2 = .95), but mean values were different between treatments (frozen FP, frozen SC > immediate ISE > frozen ISE; P < .0001).

Conclusion:

Whole-body sweat sodium concentration estimates differed depending on the number of sites included in the calculation. Environmental testing conditions should be considered in the interpretation of results. The impact of sample freezing and subsequent analytical technique was small but statistically significant. Nevertheless, when undertaken using a standardized protocol, the regional absorbent-patch method appears to be a relatively robust field test.
Hormonal and Neuromuscular Responses to High-Level Middle- and Long-Distance Competition
Authors: Balsalobre-Fernández Carlos , Ma Tejero-González Carlos , del Campo-Vecino Juan
Published: January 2014

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of high-level competition on salivary free cortisol, countermovement jump (CMJ), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and the relationships between these fatigue indicators in a group of elite middle- and long-distance runners.

Method:

The salivary free cortisol levels and CMJ height of 10 high-level middle- and long-distance runners (7 men, 3 women; age 27.6 ± 5.1y) competing in 800-m, 1500-m, 3000-m, or 5000-m events in the 2013 Spanish National Championships were measured throughout a 4-wk baseline period, then again before and after their respective races on the day of the competition. Athletes’ RPE was also measured after their races.

Results:

Cortisol increased significantly after the race compared with the value measured 90 min before the race (+98.3%, g = 0.82, P < .05), while CMJ height decreased significantly after the race (–3.9%, g = 0.34, P < .05). The decrease in CMJ height after the race correlates significantly with the postcompetition cortisol increase (r = .782, P < .05) and the RPE assessment (r = .762, P < .01).

Conclusions:

Observed differences in CMJ height correlate significantly with salivary free cortisol levels and RPE of middle- and long-distance runners. These results show the suitability of the CMJ for monitoring multifactorial competition responses in high-level middle- and long-distance runners.
Cancer Cell Profiling by Barcoding Allows Multiplexed Protein Analysis in Fine-Needle Aspirates
Authors: Ullal Adeeti V. , Peterson Vanessa , Agasti Sarit S. , Tuang Suan , Juric Dejan , Castro Cesar M. , Weissleder Ralph
Published: January 2014

Barcoding technology enabled measurement of hundreds of cellular proteins from cancer patients with single-cell resolution.
Human T
H
9 Cells Are Skin-Tropic and Have Autocrine and Paracrine Proinflammatory Capacity
Authors: Schlapbach Christoph , Gehad Ahmed , Yang Chao , Watanabe Rei , Guenova Emmanuella , Teague Jessica E. , Campbell Laura , Yawalkar Nikhil , Kupper Thomas S. , Clark Rachael A.
Published: January 2014

Aberrant activation of human T
H
9 cells may contribute to inflammatory diseases of the skin.
Intracytoplasmic Copper Homeostasis Controls Cytochrome
c
Oxidase Production
Authors: Ekici Seda , Turkarslan Serdar , Pawlik Grzegorz , Dancis Andrew , Baliga Nitin S. , Koch Hans-Georg , Daldal Fevzi
Published: January 2014

Copper is an essential micronutrient used as a metal cofactor by a variety of enzymes, including cytochrome
c
oxidase (Cox). In all organisms from bacteria to humans, cellular availability and insertion of copper into target proteins are tightly controlled due to its toxicity. The major subunit of Cox contains a copper atom that is required for its catalytic activity. Previously, we identified CcoA (a member of major facilitator superfamily transporters) as a component required for
cbb
3
-type Cox production in the Gram-negative, facultative phototroph
Rhodobacter capsulatus
. Here, first we demonstrate that CcoA is a cytoplasmic copper importer. Second, we show that bypass suppressors of a
ccoA
deletion mutant suppress
cbb
3
-Cox deficiency by increasing cellular copper content and sensitivity. Third, we establish that these suppressors are single-base-pair insertion/deletions located in
copA
, encoding the major P1B-type ATP-dependent copper exporter (CopA) responsible for copper detoxification. A
copA
deletion alone has no effect on
cbb
3
-Cox biogenesis in an otherwise wild-type background, even though it rescues the
cbb
3
-Cox defect in the absence of CcoA and renders cells sensitive to copper. We conclude that a hitherto unknown functional interplay between the copper importer CcoA and the copper exporter CopA controls intracellular copper homeostasis required for
cbb
3
-Cox production in bacteria like
R. capsulatus
.

IMPORTANCE
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient required for many processes in the cell. It is found as a cofactor for heme-copper containing cytochrome
c
oxidase enzymes at the terminus of the respiratory chains of aerobic organisms by catalyzing reduction of dioxygen (O
2
) to water. Defects in the biogenesis and copper insertion into cytochrome
c
oxidases lead to mitochondrial diseases in humans. This work shows that a previously identified Cu transporter (CcoA) is a Cu importer and illustrates the link between two Cu transporters, the importer CcoA and the exporter CopA, required for Cu homeostasis and Cu trafficking to cytochrome
c
oxidase in the cell.
Kyrle's disease
Authors: Ataseven Arzu , Ozturk Perihan , Kucukosmanoglu Iknur , Kurtipek Gulcan Saylam
Published: January 2014

Kyrle's disease (KD) is a dermatosis which was first described by Kyrle as “hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollicularis in cutem penetrans” in 1916. Perforating dermatoses are a heterogeneous disorder group characterised by transepithelial elimination. KD has been seen in association with multiple disorders, including diabetes mellitus, renal and liver diseases, congestive heart failure, hyperlipidaemia, infective diseases and abnormal metabolism of vitamin A. This case report presents two patients with KD with associated systemic disease.
Giant concha bullosa
Authors: Derin Serhan , Deveer Mehmet , Sahan Murat , Beydilli Halil
Published: January 2014

Concha bullosa is the most frequently encountered anatomical variation of the lateral nasal wall characterised with pneumatisation of the middle concha. The incidence of middle concha bullosa varies between 14% and 53%. Patients may often complain of nasal congestion and may in some cases suffer episodes of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis. In this article we present a case of nasal obstruction with an unusually large concha bullosa.
Postsurgical pneumoencephaly in a patient with Klippel-Feil syndrome
Authors: Hussain Nasir , Thotakura Pavani , Lichtenbaum Roger A , Mirrakhimov Aibek E
Published: January 2014

A 49-year-old woman presented with occipital headaches, dizziness, photophobia and vomiting for 2 weeks’ status post posterior scalp mole removal by a general surgeon. The physical examination revealed occipital lesions with foul smelling purulent discharge mixed with clear fluid drainage, webbed neck with decreased range of motion, facial asymmetry and a low posterior hairline. A CT of head showed occipital skull defect providing a communicating pathway for scalp infection, an atlas fusion defect and an extensive pneumoencephaly. Further imaging showed low-lying cerebellar tonsils and fusion of the body of second and third cervical vertebrae. Klippel-Feil syndrome was diagnosed and the patient was successfully managed with duraplasty of occipital dura, placement of a lumbar drain and antibiotics. In patients with findings suggestive of Klippel-Feil syndrome and lesions proximal to the CNS, appropriate neuroimaging and possible neurosurgical consult should be considered prior to any surgical intervention.
Unilateral lower extremity swelling as a rare presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Elgendy Islam Y , Lo Margaret C
Published: January 2014

Lower extremity oedema is frequently encountered in clinical practice. The challenge is to correctly identify the aetiology of oedema, and hence correctly manage the cause. Oedema can be classified as venous oedema and lymphoedema. Lymphoedema of the lower extremities is usually bilateral. Unilateral leg lymphoedema may occur secondary to radiation, surgery, compression by a tumour or early filariasis infection. Unilateral lower extremity lymphoedema has been reported as a rare initial presentation for lymphoma, mostly in women, usually without B-symptoms, and often with inguinal lymphadenopathies or abdominal masses. In this paper, we report a rare case of unilateral lower extremity oedema in a healthy male presenting to the outpatient clinic following trauma; further work-up revealed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with bulky inguinal lymphadenopathy compressing the iliac veins.
Late presentation of a large Morgagni hernia in an adult
Authors: Marinceu Delia , Loubani Mahmoud , O'Grady Helen
Published: January 2014

A 57-year-old man with no medical history and comorbidities presented to the outpatient clinic with a 2-week history of increasing cough and shortness of breath following a recent viral upper respiratory tract infection. Chest X-ray showed increased mediastinal opacity. A CT scan of the thorax was performed which revealed a large right-sided diaphragmatic hernia extending across the mediastinum to the left side of the chest. Repair was performed via combined transthoracic and transabdominal approaches.
Energy, momentum, mass, and velocity of a moving body in the light of gravitomagnetic theory
Authors: Fedosin Sergey G.
Published: January 2014

In the weak-field approximation of the covariant theory of gravitation the 4/3 problem is formulated for internal and external gravitational fields of a body in the form of a uniform ball. The dependence of the energy and the mass of the moving body on the energy of the field accompanying the body, as well as the dependence on the characteristic size of the body are described. Additions in the energy and the momentum of the system, defined by the energy and momentum of the gravitational and electromagnetic fields, associated with the body, are explicitly calculated. The conclusion is made that the energy and the mass of the system can be described through the energy of ordinary and strong gravitation and through the energies of electromagnetic fields of particles that compose the body.
Effects of aspiration-induced adaptation and migration on the evolution of cooperation
Authors: Peng Yu , Wang Xu-Wen , Lu Qian , Zeng Qing-Ke , Wang Bing-Hong
Published: January 2014

In the light of the prospect theory (PT), we study the prisoner's dilemma game (PDG) on square lattice by integrating the deterministic and Data envelopment analysis (DEA) efficient rule into adaptive rules: the individual will change evolutionary rule and migrate if its payoff is lower than their aspiration levels. Whether the individual choose to change the evolutionary rule and migrate is determined by the relation between its payoff and aspiration level. The results show that the cooperation frequency can hold unchange with the increasing of temptation to defect. The individual chooses to adopt DEA efficient rule and to migrate that can induce the emergence of cooperation as the payoff is lower than its aspiration.
Wavelet projection methods for solving pseudodifferential inverse problems
Authors: Serrano E. P. , Troparevsky M. I. , Fabio M. A.
Published: January 2014

We consider the Inverse Problem (IP) associated to an equation of the form Af = g, where A is a pseudodifferential operator with symbol[Formula: see text]. It consists in finding a solution f for given data g. When the operator A is not strongly invertible and the data is perturbed with noise, the IP may be ill-posed and the solution must be approximate carefully. For the present application we regard a particular orthonormal wavelet basis and perform a wavelet projection method to construct a solution to the Forward Problem (FP). The approximate solution to the IP is achieved based on the decomposition of the perturbed data calculating the elementary solutions that are nearly the preimages of the wavelets. Based on properties of both, the basis and the operator, and taking into account the energy of the data, we can handle the error that arises from the partial knowledge of the data and from the non-exact inversion of each element of the wavelet basis. We estimate the error of the approximation and discuss the advantages of the proposed scheme.
Knowledge-based generalization of metabolic networks: A practical study
Authors: Zhukova Anna , Sherman David J.
Published: January 2014

The complex process of genome-scale metabolic network reconstruction involves semi-automatic reaction inference, analysis, and refinement through curation by human experts. Unfortunately, decisions by experts are hampered by the complexity of the network, which can mask errors in the inferred network. In order to aid an expert in making sense out of the thousands of reactions in the organism's metabolism, we developed a method for knowledge-based generalization that provides a higher-level view of the network, highlighting the particularities and essential structure, while hiding the details. In this study, we show the application of this generalization method to 1,286 metabolic networks of organisms in Path2Models that describe fatty acid metabolism. We compare the generalised networks and show that we successfully highlight the aspects that are important for their curation and comparison.
PROPOSAL OF METHOD FOR AN AUTOMATIC COMPLEMENTARITIES SEARCH BETWEEN COMPANIES' R&D
Authors: CORDEIRO PAULO VINÍCIUS MARCONDES , DERGINT DARIO EDUARDO AMARAL , HATAKEYAMA KAZUO
Published: January 2014

Open innovation model is the best choice for the firms that cannot afford R&D costs but intent to continue playing the innovation game. This model offers to any firm the possibility to have companies spread worldwide and in all research fields as partners in R&D. However, the possible partnership can be restricted to the manager's know-who. Patent documents can be the source of rich information about technical development and innovation from a huge amount of firms. Search through all these daily created documents is a cumbersome task that technology managers cannot afford. This paper aims to introduce an automated model to seek matching firms' R&D using data mining techniques applied into patent documents database. The methodology considers the search for patent documents from possible partners and these data treatment through the association technique among IPC fields. An evaluation system was implemented and a sample experiment was made. The results reached are patterns of technological knowledge interdependence that can be used to evaluate four possible types of partnership.
Analogues of Ramanujan's 24 squares formula
Authors: Uygul Faruk , Williams Kenneth S.
Published: January 2014

Ramanujan's formula for the number r24(n) of representations of a positive integer n as a sum of 24 squares asserts that [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] and Ramanujan's function τ(n) is given by [Formula: see text] In this paper, we determine a class of formulae analogous to Ramanujan's formula for r24(n).
Quadratic twists of elliptic curves with 3-Selmer rank 1
Authors: Li Zane Kun
Published: January 2014

A weaker form of a 1979 conjecture of Goldfeld states that for every elliptic curve E/ℚ, a positive proportion of its quadratic twists E(d) have rank 1. Using tools from Galois cohomology, we give criteria on E and d which force a positive proportion of the quadratic twists of E to have 3-Selmer rank 1 and global root number -1. We then give four nonisomorphic infinite families of elliptic curves Em,n which satisfy these criteria. Conditional on the rank part of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, this verifies the aforementioned conjecture for infinitely many elliptic curves. Our elliptic curves are easy to give explicitly and we state precisely which quadratic twists d to use. Furthermore, our methods have the potential of being generalized to elliptic curves over other number fields.
On polynomials connected to powers of Bessel functions
Authors: Moll Victor H. , Vignat Christophe
Published: January 2014

The series expansion of a power of the modified Bessel function of the first kind is studied. This expansion involves a family of polynomials introduced by C. Bender et al. New results on these polynomials established here include recurrences in terms of Bell polynomials evaluated at values of the Bessel zeta function. A probabilistic version of an identity of Euler yields additional recurrences. Connections to the umbral formalism on Bessel functions introduced by Cholewinski are established.
Invariants for A4 fields and the Cohen–Lenstra heuristics
Authors: Rubinstein-Salzedo Simon
Published: January 2014

This article discusses deviations from the Cohen–Lenstra heuristics when roots of unity are present. In particular, we propose an explanation for the discrepancy between the observed number of cyclic cubic fields whose 2-class group is C2 × C2 and the number predicted by the Cohen–Lenstra heuristics, in terms of an invariant living in a quotient of the Schur multiplier group. We also show that, in some cases, the definition of the invariant can be simplified greatly, and we compute the invariant when the cubic field is ramified at exactly one prime, up to 108.
Multiple Dedekind–Rademacher sums in function fields
Authors: Bayad Abdelmejid , Hamahata Yoshinori
Published: January 2014

In the previous paper, we introduced the higher-dimensional Dedekind sums in function fields, and established the reciprocity law. In this paper, we generalize our higher-dimensional Dedekind sums and establish the reciprocity law and the Petersson–Knopp identity.
Perfect unary forms over certain cubic fields
Authors: Komatsu Hiroyuki , Watanabe Takao
Published: January 2014

Let ℓ ≥ 2 be an integer such that 4ℓ3 + 27 is squarefree. Then an irreducible cubic equation fℓ(X) = X3 + ℓX - 1 = 0 has a unique real solution v. Over a real cubic field k = Q(v) with ring of integers o, we show that there is a unique unary perfect form up to homothety and GL1(o) -equivalence.
An astronomical time scale for the Maastrichtian based on the Zumaia and Sopelana sections (Basque country, northern Spain)
Authors: Batenburg Sietske J. , Gale Andrew S. , Sprovieri Mario , Hilgen Frederik J. , Thibault Nicolas , Boussaha Myriam , Orue-Etxebarria Xabier
Published: January 2014

The rhythmically bedded limestone–marl alternations in the coastal cliffs of Sopelana and Zumaia in the Basque country, northern Spain, permit testing and refining of existing Maastrichtian chronologies (latest Cretaceous). The recently established astronomical time scale for the late Maastrichtian at Zumaia is extended into C31n with the integrated stratigraphy of the Sopelana section. The cyclic alternations of hemipelagic limestones and marls at Sopelana show a strong influence of eccentricity-modulated precession. Together, the Zumaia and Sopelana sections span almost the entire Maastrichtian, and encompass thirteen 405 kyr cycles spanning a total duration of 5.3 myr. From the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary downwards, 405 kyr minima in the lithological, magnetic susceptibility and reflectance data records are tuned to successive 405 kyr minima in the new La2011 eccentricity solution. Assuming a K–Pg boundary age of 65.97 Ma, we present orbitally tuned ages of biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic events. Whereas the bases of Chrons C29r and C30n were reliably established at Zumaia and are in good agreement with previous studies, new data from Sopelana provide a refinement of the basal age of Chron C31r. Additional planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton data from Zumaia, and new calcareous nannoplankton data from Sopelana, allow for worldwide correlation of the cyclostratigraphy of the Basque country.

Supplementary materials:

A geological map and additional data are available at
www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18696
.
The dawn of CAMP volcanism and its bearing on the end-Triassic carbon cycle disruption
Authors: Corso Jacopo Dal , Marzoli Andrea , Tateo Fabio , Jenkyns Hugh C. , Bertrand Hervé , Youbi Nasrrddine , Mahmoudi Abdelkader , Font Eric , Buratti Nicoletta , Cirilli Simonetta
Published: January 2014

The cause-and-effect relationship between the
c
. 201 Ma eruption of the Central Atlantic magmatic province (CAMP) and the end-Triassic abrupt climate change and mass extinction is at present based on controversial temporal correlations. Upper Triassic sedimentary strata underlying CAMP basalts in Morocco illustrate a clear mineralogical and geochemical fingerprint of early CAMP basaltic eruptions, namely unusually high contents of MgO (10–32 wt%) and of mafic clay minerals (11–84%). In the same rocks a coincident negative carbon-isotope excursion (CIE) is present, equivalent to the so-called ‘initial negative CIE’ recorded worldwide shortly before the Triassic–Jurassic boundary. The new data show that the onset of CAMP activity preceded the end-Triassic carbon cycle disruption and that the initial negative CIE is unequivocally synchronous with CAMP volcanism. The results of this study strongly support the hypothesis that the culmination of pollution of atmosphere and seawater by CAMP-derived volcanic gases was the proximate cause of the end-Triassic mass extinction.

Supplementary material:

The stratigraphic position of analysed samples, and the C-isotope, bulk-rock mineralogy, element analysis, Mg–Al–Si ternary diagram and trace-element analysis data are available at
www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18707
.
A Qualitative Assessment of the Risk of Introducing Peste des Petits Ruminants into Northern Zambia from Tanzania
Authors: Chazya R. , Muma J. B. , Mwacalimba K. K. , Karimuribo E. , Mkandawire E. , Simuunza M.
Published: January 2014

A qualitative risk assessment was performed to evaluate the risk of introducing Peste des petits ruminants virus into northern Zambia from Tanzania via live goat trade. Data was collected during a mission to Tanzania and northern Zambia and also from literature and interviews with experts. The risk of PPRV introduction was evaluated as a function of the probability of hazard (PPRV) release, exposure of susceptible hosts, and the consequences of spread using the following parameters: prevalence of infection, volume of trade, C-ELISA and quarantine screening missing an infected animal, PPRV viability (remaining infective) in transit, and the virus potential for infection. The magnitude of the consequences was derived from the probability of transmission and spread and the impact of PPRV introduction and establishment. Accordingly, the probability of occurrence of PPRV in northern Zambia from Tanzania was rated as “high” and the economic consequences were also rated as “high.” Finally, the overall risk of introducing PPRV into northern Zambia from Tanzania at the time of the assessment was rated “high.” It was concluded that import of goats and sheep be prohibited until efficient and adequate measures to reduce the risk have been put in place.
Value Distribution of Certain Type of Difference Polynomials
Authors: Li Nan , Yang Lianzhong
Published: January 2014

We investigate the value distribution of difference productf(z)n∑i=1k‍aif(z+ci), forn≥2andn=1, respectively, wheref(z)is a transcendental entire function of finite order andai,ciare constants satisfying∑i=1k‍aif(z+ci)≢0.
Study on Induction Heating Coil for Uniform Mold Cavity Surface Heating
Authors: Sung Yu-Ting , Hwang Sheng-Jye , Lee Huei-Huang , Huang Durn-Yuan
Published: January 2014

Recently, energy saving is one of the important issues for polymer processing industry. Electromagnetic induction heating has many advantages such as fast heating and low energy consumption. Previous studies using electromagnetic induction heating for rapid tool heating have indicated that the temperature uniformity on a cavity surface is not easy to be achieved. In this paper, two different coils were used for heating uniform 7 mm thick hot work tool steel (JIS SKD61) surface. One is a four-row coil with opposite current directions and the other is a two-row coil with identical current directions. Magnetic flux concentrators were used to control magnetic field and heat the workpiece uniformly. The heating experiment results showed that coil with opposite adjacent current directions had more uniform temperature distribution on tool surface. The temperature uniformity was about 94%∼95%. The coil with identical adjacent current directions had higher average temperature and the temperature rose from 50°C to 150°C in 15 seconds.
Design of Monopole Antenna Based on Fractal Geometry
Authors: Yuanqing Zhao , Jinghui Qiu , Wei Wang
Published: January 2014

This paper presents a circular disc monopole antenna based on fractal geometry. The antenna is designed to be applied in UWB systems. So it is essential to ensure that the bandwidth of the antenna ranges from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz, that is, IEEE 802.15.3a. However, the proposed antenna has achieved working in the required bandwidth. Compared to the antennas illustrated in most similar literatures, the proposed antenna has a much smaller size, which makes the antenna possible to be integrated with portable devices. Firstly, the antenna was designed through CST Microwave Studio. Then, the antenna was fabricated according to the simulated results. At last, the comparison between the simulated results and measured results was carried out which demonstrated good consistency.
Existence and Nonexistence of Positive Solutions for a Higher-Order Three-Point Boundary Value Problem
Authors: Sun Yongping , Sun Qian , Zhang Xiaoping
Published: January 2014

This paper is concerned with the existence and nonexistence of positive solutions for a nonlinear higher-order three-point boundary value problem. The existence results are obtained by applying a fixed point theorem of cone expansion and compression of functional type due to Avery, Henderson, and O’Regan.
Well-Posedness of Nonlocal Parabolic Differential Problems with Dependent Operators
Authors: Ashyralyev Allaberen , Hanalyev Asker
Published: January 2014

The nonlocal boundary value problem for the parabolic differential equationv'(t)+A(t)v(t)=f(t)  (0≤t≤T),  v(0)=v(λ)+φ,  0<λ≤Tin an arbitrary Banach spaceEwith the dependent linear positive operatorA(t)is investigated. The well-posedness of this problem is established in Banach spacesC0β,γ(Eα-β)of allEα-β-valued continuous functionsφ(t)on[0,T]satisfying a Hölder condition with a weight(t+τ)γ. New Schauder type exact estimates in Hölder norms for the solution of two nonlocal boundary value problems for parabolic equations with dependent coefficients are established.
Gevrey Regularity for the Noncutoff Nonlinear Homogeneous Boltzmann Equation with Strong Singularity
Authors: Lin Shi-you
Published: January 2014

The Cauchy problem of the nonlinear spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation without angular cutoff is studied. By using analytic techniques, one proves the Gevrey regularity of theC∞solutions in non-Maxwellian and strong singularity cases.
Variational Solutions and Random Dynamical Systems to SPDEs Perturbed by Fractional Gaussian Noise
Authors: Zeng Caibin , Yang Qigui , Cao Junfei
Published: January 2014

This paper deals with the following type of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) perturbed by an infinite dimensional fractional Brownian motion with a suitable volatility coefficientΦ:dX(t)=A(X(t))dt+Φ(t)dBH(t), whereAis a nonlinear operator satisfying some monotonicity conditions. Using the variational approach, we prove the existence and uniqueness of variational solutions to such system. Moreover, we prove that this variational solution generates a random dynamical system. The main results are applied to a general type of nonlinear SPDEs and the stochastic generalizedp-Laplacian equation.
Melanoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Venyo Anthony Kodzo-Grey
Published: January 2014

Background. Melanomas of the urinary bladder and urethra are rare.Aims. To review the literature on the disease.Methods. Various Internet databases were used to identify reported cases of the disease.Results. Less than 30 cases of primary melanoma of the urinary bladder and urethra have been reported in the literature and they have been associated with melanosis and commonly with metastases. The lesions may be primary or metastatic with no gender preference. The diagnostic features include pigmented raised lesions which histologically exhibit spindled or epitheliod cells, necrosis, mitotic figures, and atypical melanocytes. Immunohistochemically they stain positively with S100; HMB45; and other melanocyte markers, but negatively with Keratin and Vimentin. The treatment involves excision and possibly IL-2. The prognostic factors include size and depth of invasion as well as metastatic lesions.Conclusions. Less than 30 cases (about 24 cases) of the disease have been reported. There are also reports of metastatic melanomas of the urinary bladder emanating from primary melanomas originating elsewhere. Diagnosis of the primary disease is based upon the histological appearance of the lesion, positive staining with S100 and HMB45, and evidence of absence of melanoma elsewhere. Primary melanoma of the bladder is usually a fatal lesion.
Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma Arising in the Setting of Chronic Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Zardawi Ibrahim M.
Published: January 2014

Primary fallopian tube cancer (PFTC) is a rare gynaecological malignancy, clinically often mistaken for pelvic inflammatory disease or ovarian cancer. Three primary fallopian tube carcinomas, arising in a background of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), are presented. The possible association between chronic PID and PFTC is discussed and a hypothesies linking these cancers with chronic inflammation is proposed.