bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Data-driven Approach for Mitigating Dark Current Noise and Bad Pixels in Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Cameras for Space-based Telescopes
Authors: Jia Peng , Lv Chao , Li Yushan , Sun Yongyang , Niu Shu , Wang Zhuoxiao
Published: April 2024

In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in the performance of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) cameras. These cameras have gained popularity as a viable alternative to charge-coupled device cameras in a wide range of applications. One particular application is the CMOS camera installed in small space telescopes. However, the limited power and spatial resources available on satellites present challenges in maintaining ideal observation conditions, including temperature and radiation environment. Consequently, images captured by CMOS cameras are susceptible to issues such as dark current noise and defective pixels. In this paper, we introduce a data-driven framework for mitigating dark current noise and bad pixels for CMOS cameras. Our approach involves two key steps: pixel clustering and function fitting. During the pixel clustering step, we identify and group pixels exhibiting similar dark current noise properties. Subsequently, in the function fitting step, we formulate functions that capture the relationship between dark current and temperature, as dictated by the Arrhenius law. Our framework leverages ground-based test data to establish distinct temperature–dark current relations for pixels within different clusters. The cluster results could then be utilized to estimate the dark current noise level and detect bad pixels from real observational data. To assess the effectiveness of our approach, we have conducted tests using real observation data obtained from the Yangwang-1 satellite, equipped with a near-ultraviolet telescope and an optical telescope. The results show a considerable improvement in the detection efficiency of space-based telescopes.
Interstellar Detection of O-protonated Carbonyl Sulfide, HOCS+
Authors: Sanz-Novo Miguel , Rivilla Víctor M. , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun , Martín-Pintado Jesús , Colzi Laura , Zeng Shaoshan , Megías Andrés , López-Gallifa Álvaro , Martínez-Henares Antonio , Massalkhi Sarah , Tercero Belén , de Vicente Pablo , San Andrés David , Martín Sergio , Requena-Torres Miguel A.
Published: April 2024

We present the first detection in space of O-protonated carbonyl sulfide (HOCS+), in the midst of an ultradeep molecular line survey toward the G+0.693-0.027 molecular cloud. From the observation of all K

a
= 0 transitions ranging from J

lo
= 2 to J

lo
= 13 of HOCS+ covered by our survey, we derive a column density of N = (9 ± 2) × 1012 cm−2, translating into a fractional abundance relative to H2 of ∼7 × 10−11. Conversely, the S-protonated HSCO+ isomer remains undetected, and we derive an upper limit to its abundance with respect to H2 of ≤3 × 10−11, a factor of ≥2.3 less abundant than HOCS+. We obtain an HOCS+/OCS ratio of ∼2.5 × 10−3, in good agreement with the prediction of astrochemical models. These models show that one of the main chemical routes to the interstellar formation of HOCS+ is likely the protonation of OCS, which appears to be more efficient at the oxygen end. Also, we find that high values of cosmic-ray ionization rates (10−15–10−14 s−1) are needed to reproduce the observed abundance of HOCS+. In addition, we compare the O/S ratio across different interstellar environments. G+0.693-0.027 appears as the source with the lowest O/S ratio. We find an HOCO+/HOCS+ ratio of ∼31, in accordance with other O/S molecular pairs detected toward this region and also close to the O/S solar value (∼37). This fact indicates that S is not significantly depleted within this cloud due to the action of large-scale shocks, unlike in other sources where S-bearing species remain trapped on icy dust grains.
Detecting Gravitational Wave Bursts from Stellar-mass Binaries in the mHz Band
Authors: Xuan Zeyuan , Naoz Smadar , Kocsis Bence , Michaely Erez
Published: April 2024

The dynamical formation channels of gravitational wave (GW) sources typically involve a stage when the compact object binary source interacts with the environment, which may excite its eccentricity, yielding efficient GW emission. For the wide eccentric compact object binaries, the GW emission happens mostly near the pericenter passage, creating a unique, burst-like signature in the waveform. This work examines the possibility of stellar-mass bursting sources in the mHz band for future LISA detections. Because of their long lifetime (∼107 yr) and promising detectability, the number of mHz bursting sources can be large in the local Universe. For example, based on our estimates, there will be ∼3–45 bursting binary black holes in the Milky Way, with ∼102–104 bursts detected during the LISA mission. Moreover, we find that the number of bursting sources strongly depends on their formation history. If certain regions undergo active formation of compact object binaries in the recent few million years, there will be a significantly higher bursting source fraction. Thus, the detection of mHz GW bursts not only serves as a clue for distinguishing different formation channels, but also helps us understand the star formation history in different regions of the Milky Way.
The Cosmic Ultraviolet Baryon Survey (CUBS). VIII. Group Environment of the Most Luminous Quasars at z ≈ 1
Authors: Li Jennifer I-Hsiu , Johnson Sean D. , Boettcher Erin , Cantalupo Sebastiano , Chen Hsiao-Wen , Chen Mandy C. , DePalma David R. , Liu Zhuoqi (Will) , Mishra Nishant , Petitjean Patrick , Qu Zhijie , Rudie Gwen C. , Schaye Joop , Zahedy Fakhri S.
Published: April 2024

We investigate the group-scale environment of 15 luminous quasars (luminosity L
3000 > 1046 erg s−1) from the Cosmic Ultraviolet Baryon Survey (CUBS) at redshift z ≈ 1. Using the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer integral field spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope, we conduct a deep galaxy redshift survey in the CUBS quasar fields to identify group members and measure the physical properties of individual galaxies and galaxy groups. We find that the CUBS quasars reside in diverse environments. The majority (11 out of 15) of the CUBS quasars reside in overdense environments with typical halo masses exceeding 1013
M
⊙, while the remaining quasars reside in moderate-size galaxy groups. No correlation is observed between overdensity and redshift, black hole (BH) mass, or luminosity. Radio-loud quasars (5 out of 15 CUBS quasars) are more likely to be in overdense environments than their radio-quiet counterparts in the sample, consistent with the mean trends from previous statistical observations and clustering analyses. Nonetheless, we also observe radio-loud quasars in moderate groups and radio-quiet quasars in overdense environments, indicating a large scatter in the connection between radio properties and environment. We find that the most UV luminous quasars might be outliers in the stellar mass-to-halo mass relations or may represent departures from the standard single-epoch BH relations.
Investigating Ionization in the Intergalactic Medium
Authors: Koplitz Brad , Ramesh Anjali , Borthakur Sanchayeeta
Published: April 2024

The intergalactic medium (IGM) contains >50% of the baryonic mass of the Universe, yet the mechanisms responsible for keeping the IGM ionized have not been fully explained. Hence, we investigate ion abundances from the largest blind QSO absorption catalog for clouds that show C iv, N v, and O vi simultaneously. The wavelength range of present UV spectrographs, however, makes it possible to probe C iv and O vi only over a small range of redshift (z ≈ 0.12–0.15). As a result, we only have five IGM absorbing clouds, yet these provide a powerful and representative tool to probe the IGM ionization state. We found one cloud to be in collisional ionization equilibrium while three of the five showed signs of being produced by nonequilibrium processes, specifically conductive interfaces and turbulent mixing layers. None of the models we explore here were able to reproduce the ionization state of the remaining system. Energetic processes, such as galactic feedback from star formation and active galactic nucleus winds, would be excellent candidates that can cause such widespread ionization.
Radio Polarization of Millisecond Pulsars with Multipolar Magnetic Fields
Authors: Sur Ankan , Yuan Yajie , Philippov Alexander
Published: April 2024

NICER has observed a few millisecond pulsars where the geometry of the X-ray-emitting hotspots on the neutron star have been analyzed in order to constrain the mass and radius from X-ray light-curve modeling. One example, PSR J0030 + 0451, has been shown to possibly have significant multipolar magnetic fields at the stellar surface. Using force-free simulations of the magnetosphere structure, it has been shown that the radio, X-ray, and γ-ray light curves can be modeled simultaneously with an appropriate field configuration. An even more stringent test is to compare predictions of the force-free magnetosphere model with observations of radio polarization. This paper attempts to reproduce the radio polarization of PSR J0030 + 0451 using a force-free magnetospheric solution. As a result of our modeling, we can reproduce certain features of the polarization well.
Observation of Kinetic Alfvén Waves inside an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection Magnetic Cloud at 1 au
Authors: Kumbhar Kishor , Raghav Anil , Dhamane Omkar , Ghag Kalpesh , Pawaskar Vinit , Shaikh Zubair , Bhaskar Ankush , D’Amicis Raffaella , Telloni Daniele
Published: April 2024

Recent advancements have significantly enhanced our grasp of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) in the heliosphere. These observations have uncovered complex kinematics and structural deformations in ICMEs, hinting at the possible generation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and kinetic-scale waves. While MHD-scale waves in magnetic clouds have been explored, understanding the dynamics of kinetic-scale mode waves remains challenging. This article demonstrates the first in situ observation of kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs) within an ICME’s magnetic cloud, notably near the heliospheric current sheet–ICME interaction region, close to the reconnection exhaust. Analysis indicates a distinctive negative bump in the estimated normalized magnetic helicity (σ

m
= −0.38) around the gyrofrequency spread, indicating a right-handed polarization of the wave. Furthermore, examination across flow angle (θ
VB) within the frequency domain reveals a specific zone (90°–135°) showcasing negative helicity fluctuations, confirming the presence of KAWs. Moreover, we noted a significant rise in temperature anisotropy in the vicinity, indicating the role of KAWs in plasma heating. Identifying KAW challenges established notions about ordered magnetic clouds and raises questions about energy transfer processes within these structures. This finding opens the door to a deeper understanding of energy transfer mechanisms within traditionally nondissipative regions and invites further exploration of low-beta plasma heating and the interactions between waves and particles in magnetic clouds.
A JWST Survey of the Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A
Authors: Milisavljevic Dan , Temim Tea , De Looze Ilse , Dickinson Danielle , Laming J. Martin , Fesen Robert , Raymond John C. , Arendt Richard G. , Vink Jacco , Posselt Bettina , Pavlov George G. , Fox Ori D. , Pinarski Ethan , Subrayan Bhagya , Schmidt Judy , Blair William P. , Rest Armin , Patnaude Daniel , Koo Bon-Chul , Rho Jeonghee , Orlando Salvatore , Janka Hans-Thomas , Andrews Moira , Barlow Michael J. , Burrows Adam , Chevalier Roger , Clayton Geoffrey , Fransson Claes , Fryer Christopher , Gomez Haley L. , Kirchschlager Florian , Lee Jae-Joon , Matsuura Mikako , Niculescu-Duvaz Maria , Pierel Justin D. R. , Plucinsky Paul P. , Priestley Felix D. , Ravi Aravind P. , Sartorio Nina S. , Schmidt Franziska , Shahbandeh Melissa , Slane Patrick , Smith Nathan , Sravan Niharika , Weil Kathryn , Wesson Roger , Wheeler J. Craig
Published: April 2024

We present initial results from a James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) survey of the youngest Galactic core-collapse supernova remnant, Cassiopeia A (Cas A), made up of NIRCam and MIRI imaging mosaics that map emission from the main shell, interior, and surrounding circumstellar/interstellar material (CSM/ISM). We also present four exploratory positions of MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph integral field unit spectroscopy that sample ejecta, CSM, and associated dust from representative shocked and unshocked regions. Surprising discoveries include (1) a weblike network of unshocked ejecta filaments resolved to ∼0.01 pc scales exhibiting an overall morphology consistent with turbulent mixing of cool, low-entropy matter from the progenitor’s oxygen layer with hot, high-entropy matter heated by neutrino interactions and radioactivity; (2) a thick sheet of dust-dominated emission from shocked CSM seen in projection toward the remnant’s interior pockmarked with small (∼1″) round holes formed by ≲0.″1 knots of high-velocity ejecta that have pierced through the CSM and driven expanding tangential shocks; and (3) dozens of light echoes with angular sizes between ∼0.″1 and 1′ reflecting previously unseen fine-scale structure in the ISM. NIRCam observations place new upper limits on infrared emission (≲20 nJy at 3 μm) from the neutron star in Cas A’s center and tightly constrain scenarios involving a possible fallback disk. These JWST survey data and initial findings help address unresolved questions about massive star explosions that have broad implications for the formation and evolution of stellar populations, the metal and dust enrichment of galaxies, and the origin of compact remnant objects.
TB LAMP assay, a beneficial tool for the diagnosis of Tubercular meningitis in resource-limited settings
Authors: Mittal Vineeta , Kumar Manoj , Singh Ajay Kumar
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Tubercular meningitis (TBM) is a serious public health problem in developing countries as it leads to significant mortality and residual neurological sequelae. The estimated mortality due to TBM in India is 1.5 per 100,000 population. In resource-limited settings, only the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain, which has very little sensitivity, is available. The World Health Organization recommended the Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (TB LAMP) assay for pulmonary tuberculosis only. We evaluated this test for tubercular meningitis as well.
Methodology: In a cross-sectional study of 2-year duration, we have taken 239 cerebrospinal fluid samples from suspected cases of tubercular meningitis patients. ZN staining along with Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) TB culture, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay, and commercial TB LAMP assay were performed for each sample.
Results: Out of 239 samples, 40 samples (16.73%) were found TB LAMP assay positive, 48 samples (20.08%) were found Xpert ultra-assay positive, 12 samples (5.02%) were MGIT TB culture positive and acid-fast bacillus smear positive in ten samples (4.18 %). Out of 12 MGIT-positive samples, all samples (100%) were TB LAMP and Xpert ultra positive and one sample (8.33%) was ZN smear positive. In 199 negative samples from the TB LAMP assay, eight samples were positive by Xpert, none by MGIT TB culture and AFB smear. Sensitivity and specificity were found as 100% and 87.66%, respectively, for the TB LAMP assay.
Conclusion: TB LAMP assay is a rapid, cost-effective, sensitive, and specific test for tubercular meningitis infection in resource-limited settings.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward tuberculosis in high school students in Qingdao, China
Authors: Dai Xiaoqi , Li Shuo , Song Song , Chen Meng , Xu Honghong , Li Xuekui , Zhang Menghan , Zhang Huaqiang , Sun Haiyan , Wang Zhongdong
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to assess the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) related to TB, and to analyze the differences among various demographic groups.
Methodology: A total of 621 students enrolled in Qingdao High School, coming from high TB burden settings. The cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July of 2022. Participants completed an online questionnaire. Differences in knowledge and practice based on participant characteristics were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank test and Kruskal-Wallis rank test. Group differences were assessed using a rank-based analysis of variance.
Results: The mean percentage of correct answers for TB knowledge and practice was 82.09% and 83.25%, respectively. Grade Three students showed higher knowledge and practice scores than Grade One or Grade Two students (t = -3.9935, p = 0.0002, t = 3.4537, p = 0.0018. 8.58 vs 7.94, 8.58 vs 8.23. t = 3.4562, p = 0.0018, t = -2.8688, p = 0.0128. 1.78 vs 1.61, 1.78 vs 1.64). A significant majority (78.42%) of students expressed fear of being affected by TB. 49.28% of the students would support and help TB patients. 88.08% of participants had heard of TB, with 72.94% learning about it at school, mainly through visual aids like posters. Information was predominantly obtained from online sources (websites, microblogs, WeChat, etc.).
Conclusions: It is recommended to develop a TB curriculum for lower-grade students to enhance awareness of TB prevention through various means, including the internet and social media.
A new approach to the treatment of acute infection diseases with antibiotic-pectin formulae
Authors: Muhidinov Zayniddin K , Bobokalonov Jamshed T , Kimatov Rahimjon S , Rahmonov Erkin R , Komilova Gulnora I , Sherova Zamira U , Liu LinShu
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Intestinal infections are a significant health issue; antibiotics are essential in treating acute intestinal infections. However, evidence in the literature shows that the excessive use of antibiotics has created many threats to human health. This work aimed to study the impact of apple pectin in combination with antibiotics on treating patients with amebiasis and dysentery.
Methodology: Patients suffering from acute intestinal diseases (amebiasis and dysentery) were treated with traditional antibiotic therapy and a new formula containing antibiotics with low and high methoxylated apple pectin in a randomized block design. Four clinical trials were performed at the Infection Disease Hospital from 1998 until 2013.
Results: The study demonstrated that the antibiotic-pectin formulae (APF) significantly reduced the severity of acute intestinal infection diseases and allowed patients to recover faster than conventional treatment. APF reduced the patient’s stay in the hospital by 3.0 ± 1.0 days. The clinical trial findings demonstrated that applying APF in intestinal infection diseases helped maintain a constant concentration of the antibiotic in the blood and accelerated the clinical recovery of the patients.
Conclusions: It was concluded that using pectin with antibiotics could improve clinical outcomes in patients with acute infectious diseases. Research on elucidating the mechanisms of pectin digestion in the colon, polyphenol content, and its role in dysbiosis recovery, etc., is also considered.
Typification of the name Arthopyrenia parolinii Beltr. (Ascomycota, Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales, Arthopyreniaceae)
Authors: Isocrono Deborah , Ravera Sonia
Published: April 2024

Arthopyrenia parolinii Beltr. is one of the few species of the lichen genus Arthopyrenia A. Massal. described by Italian authors of the XIX century, lacking type formal association. In this regard, the name Arthopyrenia parolinii is hereby lectotypified using a specimen stored in the lichen herbarium of A.B. Massalongo at VER. Additional original material was found only at M, while another specimen at MSNVE, labelled as Spermatodium parolinii, although referable to this species, should not be considered as original material. Arthopyrenia parolinii is among the least well-known species in the genus. Given the genus Arthopyrenia is still very poorly known, it is important to clarify the original material of the species and propose the lectotyping. The selected lectotype is the only sample among the analyzed ones reporting complete data on the locus classicus; it conforms to the characters described in the protologue and comes from the Herbarium Beltramini.
Three new species of Favolaschia (Mycenaceae, Agaricales) from South China
Authors: Zhang Qiu-Yue , Liu Hong-Gao , Li Wan-Ying , Zhang Xin , Dai Yu-Cheng , Wu Fang , Bian Lu-Sen
Published: April 2024

The genus Favolaschia within the family Mycenaceae is characterised by the gelatinous basidiomata with poroid hymenophore and most species inhabit monocotyledonous plants. In this study, many samples covering a wide geographic range in China were examined morphologically and phylogenetically using concatenated ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-nLSU sequence data. Three new species clustering in Favolaschia sect. Anechinus, namely Favolaschia imbricata, F. miscanthi and F. sinarundinariae, are described. Favolaschia imbricata is characterised by imbricate basidiomata with pale grey to greyish colour when fresh and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 7–9 × 5–6.8 µm; F. miscanthi is characterised by satin white basidiomata when fresh, broadly ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 7.5–10 × 5.5–7 µm and inhabit rotten Miscanthus; F. sinarundinariae is characterised by greyish-white basidiomata when fresh, dark grey near the base upon drying, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores measuring 7–9 × 5–7 µm and inhabit dead Sinarundinaria. The differences amongst the new species and their morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species are discussed. In addition, an updated key to 19 species of Favolaschia found in China is provided.
New species, new records and common species of Pluteus sect. Celluloderma from northern China
Authors: Qi Zheng-Xiang , Qian Ke-Qing , Yue Lei , Wang Li-Bo , Guo Di-Zhe , Wu Dong-Mei , Gao Neng , Zhang Bo , Li Yu
Published: April 2024

Wood-rotting fungi are organisms that can decompose wood substrates and extract nutrients from them to support their growth. They play a crucial role in the material cycle of forest ecosystems. The genus Pluteus plays a significant role in wood decomposition. In this study, the morphology and molecular systematics of the sect. Celluloderma of the genus Pluteus were carried out. Pluteus brunneodiscus was identified as a new species, along with the discovery of two new records, P. cystidiosus and P. chrysophlebius, and a common species, P. romellii. Pluteus brunneodiscus is characterized by the brown center of the pileus that transitions to white towards the margins, with the surface cracking to form irregular granules. It is typically found in Populus forests growing on decomposing twigs or wood chips. Line drawings, color photographs, and phylogenetic analyses of related species within the genus Pluteus accompany the descriptions of these four species. The analyses are based on ITS + TEF1-α sequence data. Finally, a key for the twenty species within the sect. Celluloderma of the genus Pluteus, which has been documented in China, is provided.
Amitié et amour : passages
Authors: Perron Roger
Published: April 2024

Roger Perron explore, du point de vue du psychanalyste, le fonctionnement de l’appareil psychique en proie à l’amour, à la haine et à l’amitié. Pour définir les points communs et les différences entre amour et amitié, il s’interroge, à l’appui de textes littéraires, sur les processus en jeu lorsqu’une relation amicale se transforme en relation amoureuse, et réciproquement. Roger Perron convie d’abord le lecteur à une «  promenade linguistique  » dans le vocabulaire de l’amour et de l’amitié. Puis il explore le jeu des identifications dans la fameuse amitié de Montaigne pour La Boétie. Enfin, il interroge l’amour de transfert, ainsi que ce qu’il propose de nommer «  transfert amical  » dans l’espace analytique.
NeuroWave-Net: Enhancing epileptic seizure detection from EEG brain signals via advanced convolutional and long short-term memory networks
Authors: Hassan Md. Mehedi , Haque Rezuana , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Meshref Hossam , Alroobaea Roobaea , Masud Mehedi , Bairagi Anupam Kumar
Published: April 2024

This study presented a new approach to seizure classification utilizing electroencephalogram (EEG) data. We introduced the NeuroWave-Net, an innovative hybrid model that seamlessly integrates convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) architectures. Unlike conventional methods, our model capitalized on CNN's proficiency in feature extraction and LSTM's prowess in classifying seizure. The key strength of the NeuroWave-Net lies in its ability to combine these distinct architectures, synergizing their capabilities for enhanced accuracy in identifying seizure conditions within EEG data. Our proposed model exhibited outstanding performance, achieving a classification accuracy of 99.48%. This study contributed to the advancement of seizure classification models, providing a robust and streamlined approach for accurate categorization within EEG datasets. NeuroWave-Net stands as a testament to the potential of hybrid neural network architectures in neurological diagnostics.
Modified inertial subgradient extragradient algorithms for generalized equilibria systems with constraints of variational inequalities and fixed points
Authors: Ceng Lu-Chuan , Chen Shih-Hsin , Liou Yeong-Cheng , Yin Tzu-Chien
Published: April 2024

In this research, we studied modified inertial composite subgradient extragradient implicit rules for finding solutions of a system of generalized equilibrium problems with a common fixed-point problem and pseudomonotone variational inequality constraints. The suggested methods consisted of an inertial iterative algorithm, a hybrid deepest-descent technique, and a subgradient extragradient method. We proved that the constructed algorithms converge to a solution of the considered problem, which also solved some hierarchical variational inequality.
Les apports mutuels du Cours d’Action et de la Cognition Distribuée à la compréhension des interactions inter‑espèces : le cas d’une relation singulière écuyer‑sauteur
Authors: Leblanc Marine , Huet Benoît , Saury Jacques
Published: April 2024

Cet article vise à tester la fécondité d’un rapprochement entre deux programmes de recherche, le Cours d’Action (PRCA) et la Cognition Distribuée (PRCD) pour étudier les interactions homme-animal. Ce développement du PRCA en direction d’un « PRCA augmenté » vise à susciter de nouvelles questions de recherche, liées à l’intégration des activités animales et des interactions hommes-animaux dans le domaine de l’analyse des pratiques. Cet article apporte une contribution empirique au développement de ce programme, en analysant la communication homme-cheval, notamment les interactions entre les écuyers du Cadre noir et les chevaux sauteurs. Pour étudier les interactions inter-espèces, nous utilisons plusieurs notions théoriques provenant de ces deux programmes de recherche : la pratique culturelle, l’appropriation-action mutuelle, ainsi qu’une autre notion déjà explorée dans des travaux antérieurs : l’empathie sensorimotrice. Nous soutenons que la pratique culturelle des sauts d’école, commune à l’écuyer et au cheval, constitue à la fois une condition et une résultante de l’empathie sensorimotrice qui se développe au travers d’un processus d’appropriation-action mutuelle. Cette étude confirme la pertinence d’un PRCA « augmenté » pour rendre compte des activités animales et des interactions inter-espèces, et contribue à une meilleure compréhension de ces dernières. Elle ouvre des perspectives pour de nouvelles études empiriques à mener qui mettent en évidence le développement de l’empathie sensorimotrice mutuelle au sein d’autres pratiques culturelles communes entre homme et animaux.
Vers un langage de conception d’UX − Proposition d’un lexique pour représenter l’expérience utilisateur conçue dans des activités de conception
Authors: Dabouis Benoît , Boccara Vincent , Yannou Bernard
Published: April 2024

L’importance de prendre en compte l’expérience utilisateur (UX) durant la conception est de plus en plus reconnue. Dans ce contexte, on s’intéresse dans cet article aux activités de conception de l’UX par des équipes de concepteurs et à la manière de les améliorer. Pour ce faire, une première étape est de fournir aux concepteurs les moyens pour analyser leurs activités actuelles de conception d’UX à travers des représentations graphiques qui permettront d’en établir un diagnostic, avec leurs points forts et points d’amélioration en termes d’UX. Cependant, bien qu’on trouve dans la littérature de nombreux modèles d’UX ainsi que des modèles de représentation graphique de processus de conception (chroniques de projets), on ne trouve pas de modèle qui représente l’UX conçue dans un processus de conception. Pour pallier ce problème, nous proposons deux modèles : un métamodèle d’UX comme lexique pour décrire l’UX, associé à un modèle de « chronique d’UX » représentant l’UX conçue dans les activités de conception. Ce lexique constitue la première pierre d’un langage de conception d’UX. Nous utilisons ce modèle de « chroniques d’UX » pour diagnostiquer cinq projets de design en transport. Ces chroniques ont révélé trois problèmes : une prise en compte de l’UX largement variable selon les projets dans les activités de conception des acteurs, un manque de spécification et d’évaluation de l’UX, ainsi qu’un manque de certains éléments clés de l’UX comme les caractéristiques du sujet, ses connaissances et préférences. Bien que nécessitant encore un travail de validation et de déploiement, l’approche proposée dans cet article permet le diagnostic d’activités de conception de l’UX et la formulation de recommandations personnalisées, ce qui, à notre connaissance, n’existe pas dans la littérature.
Formaliser les conceptualisations pragmatiques de professionnels, leur diversité et leur évolution pour re‑concevoir des formations
Authors: Mirabal-Cano Madelleine , Chrétien Fanny , Girard Nathalie
Published: April 2024

Les compétences nécessaires pour agir dans un environnement dynamique et des configurations de travail singulières se développent essentiellement au fil de l’expérience des professionnels face aux événements, récurrents ou exceptionnels, qu’ils rencontrent au cours de leur activité. Ainsi, les éleveurs cherchant à valoriser des végétations naturelles pour alimenter leurs troupeaux développent des compétences pour agir avec le vivant − végétations et animaux − en faisant l’expérience de saisons et années variées. Cette singularité rend difficile la décontextualisation, transposition et pragmatisation des différents savoirs mobilisés (scientifiques, techniques et expérientiels). Comprendre et représenter l’activité des professionnels pour la développer est une étape incontournable pour reconcevoir des formations qui leur sont dédiées. Pour contribuer à cet enjeu, notre article vise à formaliser les conceptualisations pragmatiques qui organisent l’activité de gestion du pâturage afin de concevoir des formations. À partir d’une approche de didactique professionnelle, nous avons modélisé les structures conceptuelles d’un échantillon d’éleveurs, caractérisé leur diversité et leurs dynamiques avant de les confronter aux savoirs de référence diffusés dans un dispositif de formation. Nous avons ainsi identifié des concepts pragmatiques communs entre professionnels, mais souvent inscrits dans des réseaux de concepts différents, renvoyant à des préoccupations et à des stratégies singulières. L’enquête a également permis d’observer, chez ces professionnels, des traces et difficultés de pragmatisation des savoirs de référence diffusés par les agents de développement. Sur la base de ces résultats, nous présentons une expérimentation pédagogique et son évolution au cours des différentes expériences des formateurs. Ces résultats ouvrent des pistes pour réfléchir à l’articulation entre formation collective et accompagnement individuel pour soutenir le développement professionnel de chacun d’eux.
PARÂMETRO DE INSERÇÃO URBANA
Authors: Muianga Elisa A D , Kowaltowski Doris Catharine Cornelie Knatz , Moreira Daniel de Carvalho
Published: April 2024

O desenvolvimento urbano e o direito à cidade desempenham um papel fundamental na formação de bairros e na qualidade de vida das pessoas. No entanto, apesar da maior parte da população e suas habitações se concentrarem nas cidades, ações para garantir a Inserção Urbana (IU) de conjuntos habitacionais ainda são inexpressivas. Vários estudos desenvolvidos no Brasil ressaltam problemas da IU de conjuntos habitacionais. Contudo, a avaliação da IU de área de abrangência dos empreendimentos ainda carece de aprofundamentos metodológicos com aplicação de ferramentas para a produção de resultados mensuráveis. Dois objetivos nortearam essa pesquisa. O primeiro visa compreender IU de conjuntos habitacionais e seus parâmetros, a partir da literatura; e o segundo, por meio de um estudo de caso, busca analisar parâmetros na escala metropolitana do empreendimento com o entorno imediato, e os impactos sociais da IU para a sociedade. A ferramenta foi consolidada a partir de dois estudos desenvolvidos pelo Sistema Nacional de Habitação, e LabCidade-FAU/USP. Os resultados da pesquisa podem proporcionar um avanço para a mitigação de impactos sociais na formação de bairros, e direcionar investimentos na produção de habitações, quer seja em ações para espaços urbanos inclusivos, como no desenvolvimento sustentável de longo prazo.
APLICAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS DE PROCESSAMENTO DE LINGUAGEM NATURAL (PLN) EM CÓDIGO URBANÍSTICO
Authors: Matos Leite de Ávila Paulo Victor , Malheiro de Brito Douglas , Mota Santos Daniele , De Andrade Marques Ferreira Emerson
Published: April 2024

A checagem manual de conformidade de projetos é uma tarefa custosa e sujeita a erros. Os parâmetros contidos nos códigos regulatórios podem ser automaticamente extraídos usando o Processamento de Linguagem Natural (PLN), tornando a checagem mais eficiente e segura. Embora o PLN constitua uma área emergente, ainda há uma quantidade relativamente pequena de pesquisas aplicando à língua portuguesa. Este estudo investiga uma rotina utilizando técnicas de PLN para o pré-processamento – primeira etapa para extração de informação - de um código regulatório urbanístico brasileiro. Utilizou-se no experimento a linguagem de programação Python e a biblioteca Natural Language Tool Kit (NLTK). Obteve-se uma acurácia de 68% no desempenho do etiquetador, indicando a necessidade de aprimoramentos no pré-processamento para a língua portuguesa. A principal contribuição do artigo é permitir uma maior compreensão das dificuldades e prováveis causas dos erros das etiquetas na fase de pré-processamento.
Interrogating Coaching Through the Lens of Critical Leadership Perspectives
Authors: Wefald Andrew J. , Griffin Ariel
Published: April 2024

Coaching, leadership coaching, mentoring, and other conceptualizations for one-on-one supportive relationships have been popular for a very long time. Coaching is now a global phenomenon used throughout the world to help leaders and people achieve their goals, become better leaders, and solve challenges. Indeed, many of the people receiving the coaching have lauded the benefits of the model for their own leadership and personal development and achievements. Similarly, leadership has been a popular concept among both scholars and practitioners. Leadership, as a concept and practice, has been critiqued and interrogated over the years pushing the field forward in new and exciting directions. Coaching is just now going through a similar process with critical theory being applied to the coaching model and the practice of coaching. This chapter offers a critical perspective and interrogation of coaching through the lens of leadership critiques to further inform those connections.
Harness a Leadership Superpower
Authors: Kleber Hannah G. , Yarnell Angela , Evans Laferrel , Barry Erin S.
Published: April 2024

This chapter discusses the importance of coach-like communication in daily interactions with others. It focuses on the differences between pure coaching experiences and how to utilize five skills—(1) inquiry, (2) acting experimentally, (3) evoking awareness, (4) optimizing performance, and (5) working across differences—in regular interactions with team members. Application of coach-like skills will look different depending on each situation, but taking the time to become a coach-like communicator contributes to greater self-awareness for team members, increases trust, and promotes team cohesion.
Relational Coaching and Learning for Effective Leadership Education
Authors: Stewart Andrew Carnegie , Dunbar-Morris Harriet
Published: April 2024

At the intersection of coaching and learning, the authors in this chapter explore, from both an educator and student perspective, the enablers within pedagogical practice that lead to effective leadership education. The particular phenomenograhic research approach led to the key findings that are outlined in this chapter. This chapter is rooted in a number of relational learning perspectives where the authors see relational coaching as an element of ensuring relational learning within the teaching of leadership development. Concepts and models include those from Trigwell and Prosser, Taff et al., and Stewart. The authors discuss themes surrounding the problems that may be encountered by coaches and mentors of leadership. This discussion is based on 2023 empirical research where specific examples of relational and network development are encouraged, and the authors propose methods for how these challenges may be overcome with the aim of achieving effective leadership education and development.
Coaching for Physicians Through LEADS
Authors: Matlow Anne , Mutwiri Betty , Gautam Mamta , Tipping Jane , Dickson Graham
Published: April 2024

Health leadership and coaching are relational processes that focus on achieving results. While the corporate world has embraced coaching as a way to further individuals' leadership potential, physicians have been slow to adopt coaching as a means to fulfil their personal or professional potential. In this chapter, the authors explore how the culture of medicine and physicians' professional identity formation can result in a sense of exceptionalism, invincibility, and sometimes even isolation. As a result, physicians can be deterred from engaging in leadership as a practice and in coaching as a support. The LEADS in a Caring Environment framework can help bridge the gap between physicians' understanding and enactment of leadership and their appreciation of the benefits to be gained by coaching.
Leveraging Market Academia and Innovation Centers for Workforce Development in Ukraine
Authors: Murlian Maryna
Published: April 2024

In the midst of the challenges posed by the war in Ukraine, this chapter explores comprehensive workforce development strategies, with an emphasis on collaboration with market academia and innovation centres. The main points include addressing critical workforce needs through reskilling and upskilling policies, as well as investing in STEM education and defense development. The chapter advocates for engaging Ukrainian migrants, leveraging displaced talent through online platforms, and implementing technology transfers. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of interdisciplinary hubs, international collaboration, and the establishment of innovation centres for technological growth. The chapter emphasizes the creation of competitive ecosystems, utilising market academia, and identifies niche sectors. Additionally, it proposes a roadmap for strategic workforce development guided by principles of adaptability, inclusivity, and sustainability. This will ensure that Ukraine builds a skilled and resilient workforce for sustained prosperity.
You Can't Be What You Can't See
Authors: Hynes Briga , Costin Yvonne , O'Rourke Gert C.
Published: April 2024

There is an increasing emphasis on educational institutions to measure research impact beyond publications in areas such as research commercialization. Likewise, policymakers are keen to increase the impact of publicly funded research in fostering commercial innovation, spin outs and industry linkages particularly in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) arena. Despite the importance of research commercialization, the frequency, extent, and quality varies significantly across universities This research investigates the challenges of research commercialisation and proposes a range of entrepreneurship training programmes to overcome these challenges. The results highlight the importance of the process applied in developing such programmes and the role of collaboration and cross departmental partnerships as a means of complementing discipline-specific domains to address the needs of groups who fit between domains.
Creating a Data Lakehouse for a South African Government-Sector Learning Control Enforcing Quality Control for Incremental Extract-Load-Transform Pipe
Authors: Dhabliya Dharmesh , Veeraiah Vivek , Dari Sukhvinder Singh , Kumar Jambi Ratna Raja , Dhabliya Ritika , Pramanik Sabyasachi , Gupta Ankur
Published: April 2024

The Durban University of Technology is now engaged in a project to create a data lake house system for a Training Authority in the South African Government sector. This system is crucial for improving the monitoring and evaluation capacities of the training authority and ensuring efficient service delivery. Ensuring the high quality of data being fed into the lakehouse is crucial, since low data quality negatively impacts the effectiveness of the lakehouse system. This chapter examines quality control methods for ingestion-layer pipelines in order to present a framework for ensuring data quality. The metrics taken into account for assessing data quality were completeness, accuracy, integrity, correctness, and timeliness. The efficiency of the framework was assessed by effectively implementing it on a sample semi-structured dataset. Suggestions for future development including enhancing by integrating data from a wider range of sources and providing triggers for incremental data intake.
Review of Chinese Text Mining in Agriculture
Authors: Zhao Xinyue , Song Yunsheng
Published: April 2024

Agricultural text mining refers to the utilization of natural language processing and deep learning techniques to extract and analyse useful information from a vast amount of existing agricultural texts. Nowadays, there is a tremendous quantity of text information related to Chinese agriculture; however, there is a scarcity of summarization and generalization in the field of agricultural text mining. This leads to duplicated and redundant agricultural textual information, making it difficult to obtain a holistic perspective on agricultural texts. Therefore, this chapter aims to categorize and summarize the latest developments in text mining in Chinese agricultural domain. Firstly, following the order of Chinese agricultural text mining, various methods for agricultural text preprocessing and representation are introduced. Then, research work related to Chinese agricultural text classification and matching is discussed in detail. Finally, the chapter concludes with a summary of the current state of research in agricultural intelligent services. This chapter contributes to a better understanding of the research trends in this field and provides suggestions and inspiration for future studies.
Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) Implementation in India
Authors: Kasana Ekta , Singh Renu
Published: April 2024

Central bank digital currency (CBDC) is transforming the financial landscape by enhancing financial inclusion, boosting transaction efficiency, and providing more control over monetary policy. As central banks throughout the world investigate and implement, CBDCs are expected to have a revolutionary effect on the financial ecosystem. A CBDC system's design poses several social and technological challenges. This study has discussed the design considered for the execution of CBDC by the central bank in India. The study also presents the potential advantages of introducing CBDC, including financial inclusion, decreased transaction cost, improved monetary policy, money supply management, innovative financial services, and decreased counterfeiting. It is imperative to carefully assess the issue of the India CBDC against any potential advantages. Central banks need to consider the technological, security, design, and legal aspects, operational risk management, public acceptance, legal and regulatory frameworks for effective implementation of CBDC in India.
Cancer Prediction Using Graph Database
Authors: Gulati Ansh , Taneja Ameya , Rawat Saurabh , Sah Anushree
Published: April 2024

This research chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cancer cases and rates in the various states of the United States. It explores the trends and patterns of cancer incidence and mortality in the country, as well as the factors such as age, sex/gender, type of cancer whether it is lung or breast cancer and its rates and also the factors that contribute to the development and progression of the disease. The chapter reviews the latest statistics on cancer rates mainly breast and lung cancer in different population groups, including age, sex/gender, and geographical location/different states of USA. By analyzing the data, the project aims to provide insights and predictions related to the occurrence of cancer in the US. The Python code implements visualizations of cancer data for various states in the USA using Pandas and Matplotlib libraries. The dataset is read into a Pandas data frame and various types of visualizations are produced for the cancer data, including scatter plots, and bar graphs. The scatter plot represents the rate of lung and breast cancer in various states of the USA, and the bar graphs represent the total number of breast cancer and lung cancer, as well as the cancer rates in people of different age groups for each state. The visualizations allow for the comparison of cancer rates and total numbers between different states and age groups, aiding in identifying the states with higher cancer rates and potentially identifying any trends or patterns. The chapter concludes by discussing the challenges and opportunities for cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment in the United States, and the implications for public health policy and practice. Potential applications of this analysis include informing strategies for cancer prevention and treatment in different states and age groups. The project could have implications for public health and policy, as well as for advancing the understanding of cancer and its impact on society. Overall, this chapter aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date picture of the burden of cancer in the United States and to identify areas for further research and action.
Development of Geothermal Sludge Derived - Silica Catalyst for Sago Starch Hydrolysis
Authors: Ariq O.K. Ahmad , Bunga Widiana Nurrahmadhanti , Idzati Eka Maulana , Kurniawansyah Firman , Ni'mah Hikmatun , Petrus Himawan Tri Bayu Murti , Mahfud Mahfud
Published: April 2024

Silica based catalyst was prepared from geothermal sludge – solid waste from geothermal exploration - of Dieng Power Station, Central Java, Indonesia. The catalyst was prepared by extracting silica compound from the sludge matrix, followed by sulfonation to obtain sulfonated – solid catalyst. Catalyst sample analysis informed the catalyst was generally amorphous in structures, possessed surface area between 76 – 81 m2/g, with acidity approximately 5-6 mmol/g. Evaluation on catalyst activity was performed by applying it on sago starch hydrolysis - atmospheric pressure and 100 – 150°C (373 – 423 K) - in which more than 90 % conversion could be achieved.