bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Energy Efficiency Techniques While Using ICT Equipment
Authors: Pano Marijon
Published: July 2017

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) devices and services are becoming more and more widespread in all aspects of human life. Computers and home office equipment represent one of the fastest growing categories of home energy use. While ICT equipment has become more energy efficient in recent years, computers, peripherals, and data centers still use significant amounts of energy, especially if they are left on constantly. The information and technology ecosystem now represents around 10% of the world's electricity generation and it represents the largest area of potential energy savings, as well. Most of these devices now have power management features that allow them to enter standby or "sleep" mode during periods of inactivity but only a fraction of users, know about the potential energy savings features. The aim of this paper is to offer practical and actionable tips for saving energy with computers and home office equipment. I review and test the main opportunities, explain them in plain language, and provide practical tips for leading an initiative to increase ICT energy efficiency in order to cut energy consumption per unit in half – or more. This paper presents the survey conducted about ICT equipment energy use in four offices and in five residential buildings in Korça region, Albania. The users were advised to use some basic energy efficiency tips, and energy data were collected before and after the new practices. Experimental results show that the methods used for increasing efficiency were very effective and the electricity consumption was reduced to about 10% - 45% in offices and about 5% - 15% in residential buildings.
Customer Preference for Consuming Organic Red Meat - Case Study of Albanian Market
Authors: Lashi Fabjan , Kapaj Ilir , Keco Remzi
Published: July 2017

Albania has recognized a notable customer behavior change after 1990 CITATION Civ03 \l 1033 (Civici, 2003). These changes are still present in many aspects of customer preference, decision and continue to change dynamically. In this study we answered questions like do customers have some preference for meet originating from their localities? Is for our customers that have a relevant position for taking decisions in the family nucleus (i. e. father or mother), are most likely willing to pay price premium for organic meat? Finally, the price sensitivity also in this study persist as in important factor in deciding to purchase and pay more for organic meat. Other aspects are the need to extend the exploration in EU markets where Alania has concrete plans to become part of it, and how can undertake reforms toward becoming a full member of European Union (EU), and adopt rules and regulation to certify the organic meat. Pre-accession and later on EU accession require strict measures and a set of rules and regulations to be introduced, adopted and implemented in the agriculture sector. Food security and access in information through trusted labels are playing also a relevant role in this study.
Creating Alignment in Employee Performance Management
Authors: Grubi Arta Koka , Mahmutaj Lura Rexhepi
Published: July 2017

The current study will identify actions for maximizing the effect of goal development and performance management system to enable enhanced employee performance and motivation. In addition, exceptional consideration is dedicated to the methodological challenges of employee performance management inherent and adopted throughout the years. Quantitative approach will be used to assess the external environment through a comprehensive literature and employee surveys review demonstrating employee evaluation methods. However, the unique characteristic of this research, in proportion to other research, is that data is gathered from primary source. The paper presents “Real Time Employee Evaluation and Bonus Systems.” This is a subject that has not been adequately explored within existing literature. It consists of a practical mechanism which demonstrates how a performance evaluation method is used by a leading Telecom Company in Kosovo (X Telecommunications). We will explore the possibilities and limitations of the performance employee evaluation.
Human Resources Management in the Public Hospital Case of the University Hospital Centre of Oran
Authors: Larbi Ghrissi
Published: July 2017

:it would seem that the University Hospital Centre of Oran suffers from an insufficiency in the control ¶existing human resources and of an inadequacy enters the needs and the profiles ¶existing on the one hand, and that it would not have a true policy of management of ¶human resources which would enable him to benefit best from the resources ¶human available to take up the challenges of management and the development of ¶services provided to the patients.¶
Inclusive Economic Development Model as the Alternative of Sustainable Social-Economy Engineering -a Case of Tourism-Based Social Economy Development in Wakatobi Regency
Authors: Indriani Yuanita , Dasuki Rima Elya , Wipartini Yeni
Published: July 2017

Basically, inclusive economy development is the economy development contributing to majority of people in Indonesia aiming to poverty reduction. In the situation where the challenges become more complicated, the tourism development could be directed to the inclusive economy development based on tourism. It supports tourism growth centers. This enables to get inequality income and poverty reduction through pro poor tourism. This research uses an action research through observation toward various aspects relating to the development of inclusive economy. The results of this research identify that integrated tour and travel businesses become prospective business; furthermore, handy craft, food and beverages industries. If it is related to SWOT Analysis and study of tourism market; also the perception of local people, the most crucial consideration in developing the tourism based inclusive economy in Wakatobi is a forming of synergy among the large businessmen and people business as well as all people supports. Therefore, all tourists visiting Wakatobi get pleasure and satisfied and the businessmen get more and better benefits and profit. Another result shows that action to synergize businessmen is required to vague conflicts causing and occurring unhealthy competition. The creating of among-businessmen synergy is derived to be business model of tourism based associate-businessmen in Wakatobi Regency. The early step of the development of tourism based inclusive economy is conducted well, however there are some constrains to be considered to maintain and develop the formulated model and for that, risk assessment could be used.
Innovation and Export Competitiveness: Evidence from Georgia Firms
Authors: Sikharulidze Davit , Kikutadze Vasil
Published: July 2017

Innovation has long been considered an important factor for creating and maintaining the competitiveness of nations and firms. Consequently, we examine the effect of innovation on export intensity using the Enterprise Surveys from World Bank Group for Georgian firms. Results evolves that the introduction of innovations, and in particular product innovations, is an important driver of export intensity. This study is based on an analysis of research done among 360 firms from Georgia. Firms that intensively involved in the innovation process record the highest export intensity and the magnitude of the impact of innovation on export is sizeable.
Investment Promotion for Community Economic Development of Special Economic Zone: Study of Sez Mandalika and Bitung in Indonesia
Authors: Rustidja Ery Supriyadi , Purnamawati Ami , Setiawati Rosti
Published: July 2017

Image is not merely a visual impression but a comprehensively perceived impression of something. This study focuses on image of zone defined as information association of location, important element signature of a cultural civilization, and visuality of region including Special Economic Zone (SEZ). The Clear, well- organized and presented information of Social-cultural potency, economic growth, environment, and accessibility of a region determines the positive image of zone. A comprehensive visual impression of SEZ does not only accelerate the inflow of investments into the SEZ but also grows economic activity. Bitung and Mandalika as two Special Economy Zones in Indonesia have different characteristics. Bitung is a manufacturing of agriculture and ocean based region while Mandalika is a tourism based one. The efforts of developing positive image of zone have main position for investments as they encourage the realization of growth centers and service centers, connect and function the intraregional and interregional activities. Using the participative obstructive, this qualitative study finds that imaging of SEZ recognizes the region strategic value from the interests of social-cultural, social-economic, efficient usage of natural resources, usage of technology, the environmental function and capability. Through investment promotion, the image of zone is concerning the products and service fulfilling the expectations of investors and the users; therefore in long term this could provide multiplier effects, benefits, value added as well as the achievement of performance target of SEZ as strategic area. Investment promotion in both zones has more orientation toward linkage and acceleration values for SEZ realization for both investors and zone potency. The other findings of the study show that Mandalika SEZ emphasizing on promotion of competitiveness strategy, value chain, and tourism network, in another hand Bitung SEZ focusing more on promotion strategies for increasing value-added logistics, profit, benefit, and supply chain of industry. The investment promotion of SEZ has implications for policy of attracting financial investment to SEZ, organizing zone, and controlling spatial structure and pattern of SEZ in accordance with regional spatial plan.
Knowledge Management and Intellectual Capital - A Theoretical Perspective of Human Resource Strategies and Practices
Authors: Budiarti Isniar
Published: July 2017

Significant debates on the role of human resources have been shifted from organizational assets to initiator of innovation and competitive advantages. A current research has investigated suggestive roles of intellectual capital (IC) in strategic human resource management (SHRM) process and human research management (HRM) practices. Conversely, others have shown that the successful management of IC has related to implementation of knowledge management (KM). In turn, those perspectives suggest the implementation and usage of KM ensure the growth of IC, and the innovative IC may become an effective human resources strategies and practices to acquire innovation and competitive advantages. Through a comprehensive analysis of the latest journals on those concepts, this study argues that human resource strategies and practices involving KM and management of IC give potential oppurtunities to gain innovation and competitive advantages. Besides, this theoretical perspective suggests organizational culture and leadership style are interrelated to the process.
Malaysian Product Design Identity: Review on the ‘Keywords’
Authors: Razali Amirul Fahmi , Hands David
Published: July 2017

Considering Malaysia as a multi-ethnic country, it is difficult to determine and define the cultural identity to represent Malaysia (Mun, Fern, - Chin, 2015), and use it as a characteristic in designing a product. This has been a challenging issue for most Malaysian local designers to design a Malaysia-look product based on a national identity characteristic. There is no proof that the product characteristic can be summed up or generalized based on the understanding of multi-ethnic agreement decision-making (Zainal, Othman, - Samsudin, 2015). With regards to Malaysia, the primary issue is about the national identity identification for product design. This issue then prompted to the question that would Malaysian designers be able to establish a Malaysian product with a national identity by looking at this multi-ethnic society? This research reviews the literature concerning Malaysian identity based on articles and visuals. It aims at getting the general keywords related to the components in culture and yet to be incorporated with the design characteristics at the beginning of ideation process. The basis of this study is referring to the dominant culture study by Edensor (2002), cultural identity components evaluation by Ibrahim (2015), and culture and identity ‘key issues’ by Clarke (2011). By understanding the cultural component within the society, pulling out the keywords, and validating the chosen keywords by conducting a survey, these keywords will act as the guidance in visualising a characteristic; and there will be greater chances for Malaysian designer to success in developing products with strong Malaysian identities.
A Study of the Client Culture Influences on the Creation of Tailored Design Homes in New Communities Around Cairo
Authors: Kesseiba Karim
Published: July 2017

The design process of residential homes is one of the most dynamic ones, due to its strong interrelation with the life patterns, economical strategies, needs and cultural traits of the clients. This is relevant in the case of tailored design homes in the new suburbs around Cairo, where the client aims to fulfill several of his life goals and visions, in addition to the possible freedom of design creations which are not as much bounded to the limitations inside the city. Accordingly, the architect has to deal with twofold aspects, first is aiming to understand and react to the clients culture and second to produce accepted architectural values and qualities. Although both aspects appear to be intertwined, however, case studies reflected that in several aspects, the clients’ culture affects the production of the aspired design vision. Thus, the paper aims to discuss the dilemma through two case studies in one of the gated communities around Cairo, based on qualitative analysis of how the designer managed to mediate the design of tailored homes between the clients’ culture and the production of valued architectural quality. This study will be based on the brief and anonymous explanation of the social profile of the clients’ social background which acted as the motivator in the design process, based on interviews with architect who worked in the design development process.
Multiple Criteria Evaluation of Influence of Components of Entrepreneurship Education Programmes on Formation of Competencies
Authors: Ruškytė Lect. Dr. Džiuljeta , Barkauskaitė Habil Marijona , Navickas Prof. Dr. Vytas
Published: July 2017

The article substantiates the concept of entrepreneurship education from the holistic perspective, which is interpreted in the context of education in its broad meaning and is related to knowledge, abilities of economics and business, value orientations, personal traits and their comprehensive development. The significance of content areas of the General Education Curriculum to development of entrepreneurship skills in schools of general education in Lithuania was analysed. Multiple criteria evaluation, based on expert evaluations, was applied for evaluation of significance of areas of the programme content mathematically processing and systemising the data. The significance of areas of programme content evaluated by experts was established using methods of indirect evaluation (ranking) and direct evaluation (percentage expression). The research showed that the data of expert evaluations, conducted using the methods of indirect and direct evaluation, coincide and, therefore, the data can be regarded as reliable. The conducted mathematical calculations show that multiple criteria methods can be successfully applied evaluating any other programme of similar kind.
Ownership of Copyright in Works Created During Employment Relationships
Authors: Spahiu Naim , Bajraktari Halim , Lata Florin
Published: July 2017

The copyright in its infancy was provide protection only for the category of works of fine art but challenges followed by creations immediately should be undertaken measures regarding copyright during employment relationship. When authors of creations have seen the benefit of copyrights, they have risen their voice and acted to protect their creation. Therefore, it is very important that employers and employees with employment contract or agreement later make accurate determinations and clearly define their agreement. Law on Copyright in Kosovo almost every provision cited in this article has left open the possibility of defining many issues between parties, such as the expiration of period of rights to the employer, extra compensation etc. In the absence of clear contractual provisions shall apply copyright, and companies, that have invested heavily in a certain work, will lose right after the expiration of 10 years and all contracts that are associated with third parties, other-companies for allowing the use of a work after this deadline will be invalid because a party cannot achieve the right of copyright. This situation could cause many problems in the future for Kosovo companies which do not have much knowledge about the legislation in the field of copyright and do not take precautions to regulate the issue of transfer of rights to their employees. This Article discusses the idea ownership issue in the context of employment and independent contractor relationships. The paper recommends that since copyright is not familiar with the business regarding changing performance, therefore Kosovo laws should adequately support these circumstances of ownership in order for employees to give their best on his career. How employees could be owners of copyright. Which particular articles of Kosovo law on copyright should change?
SMEs and Family Smes: Specificities from the Portuguese Socio-Business Context
Authors: Marques Ana Paula , Couto Ana Isabel
Published: July 2017

The composition of the corporate structure constitutes a relevant indicator of the entrepreneurial and economic dynamism of a certain country or territory. In contrast to past estimates over the past 45 years, the importance of small or very small scale entreprises has been steadily decreasing in the Portuguese business universe. The Portuguese socio-entrepreneurial fabric is predominantly constituted by small and very small scale businesses (micro companies): in 2015, 99,9% of the non financial Portuguese sector were SME [Small and Medium-size companies], and the micro scale companies represented around 96% of the total number of SME. In this context, family businesses acquire greater relevance due to/for the estimated weight they have on the economy (between 70% to 80% of the SME, also including great companies quoted on the stock exchange markets), on the creation of jopbs and on the role they play in the local development. Notwithstanding, there still is a significant unawareness of the business layouts of the family companies. In effect, these tend to be heterogeneousin terms of size, activity sector and degree of professionalization of the respective government models and human resources..The ongoing project, “Roadmap for the Portuguese family businesses” (2016-2018), financed by the NORTE 2020/ FEDER has as a central goal to contribute to a better acknowledgement and assessment of the impact of family companies in the northern region, as far as the local, national and international economy is concerned. For this purpose, it will build a database of the Portuguese northern region, mapping all the companies that present the layout of a family business and apply an online survey, combined with in-depth interviews to the various types and segments of family businesses, reinforcing their economic and social roles.
Study on the Behavioral Health Risk Factors of Sewing Industry Workers in Bulgaria
Authors: Staykova Assoc. Prof. Jeni , Titopoulou Maria
Published: July 2017

The chronic non-communicable diseases in the last twenty years have been a major priority of the World Health Organisation (WHO) due to their epidemic character. These diseases lead to morbidity, mortality and invalidization which have a great health, social and economic effect. The main reason for triggering the chronic non-communicable diseases are the behavioral health risk factors of life such as nutrition, physical activity, smoking and the use of alcohol. The risk factors are characteristics at the biological, psychological, family, community, or cultural level that precede and are associated with a higher likelihood of negative outcomes. Since these factors are manageable, it is essential to carry out targeted health policy among the working people aiming at their optimization which correlates to the improved health status of the population as a whole. A suitable group for study of the behavioral risk factors are the organized groups of workers within enterprises. Our study is conducted among 503 working people in an enterprise of the sewing industry in Bulgaria in 2015.
The Influence of Fiscal Rules on the Fiscal Stability in the EU Member States
Authors: Dziemianowicz Ryta Iwona , Kargol-Wasiluk Aneta
Published: July 2017

Due to the rapid increase of the budget deficit and public debt in many the EU countries after 2008, fiscal policy has faced a significant challenge for developing an appropriate tools to strengthen fiscal discipline and thereby improve the quality of public finance. Institutional mechanisms such as among others numerical fiscal rules play an important role in maintaining the fiscal discipline and support fiscal credibility of the state. Fiscal rules are most often defined as permanent constraints on fiscal policy, expressed by indicators introducing a limit for a particular fiscal aggregate, such as a budget deficit (real or structural), public debt, public expenditure or public revenue. The theoretical objective of the article is to analyze the institutional dimension of numerical fiscal rules (their type, legal basis, transparency, complexity, flexibility, adequacy and coherence). The empirical purpose, on the other hand, is to conduct a statistical analysis and to examine the relationship between the value of the fiscal rules index and the level of budget deficit and public debt in 28 Member States of the European Union. Examining the effectiveness of applied fiscal rules, at both European and national level seems to be the most valuable part of the analysis.
Collection of Value Added Tax in Kosovo and Its Effect on Economic Growth
Authors: Shala Teki
Published: July 2017

The revenue collected from the value added tax constitutes the main income of the Kosovo government. For this reason, this research has a great importance in the formulation of effective policies in Kosovo that will subsequently improve the efficiency of tax collection of Value Added and growing fiscal and budgetary stability. This research it will have a descriptive analysis of the trends of VAT collection in Kosovo from 2005- 2015 years using different analytical techniques to examine trends and data structure over the years. We have used two types of analysis; One is the descriptive analysis of trends and the other is the contrast of the descriptive analysis of trends that is the econometric technique used to analyze the VAT effect on economic growth in Kosovo. The source of data for this study is secondary through the Annual Financial Report of the Ministry of Finance of Kosovo and the IMF. In order to analyze the data generated for the study, the statistical tool utilized is OLS technique (multiple regression). One of the key findings in the collection of VAT has been its dependence on the border. Revenue collection is among the most pressing problems and such situation does not guarantee a country's budgetary stability. Also, based on the findings we noted that the VAT share of the gathering in gross domestic product of the Interior of the country has been low compared to other countries in Europe developing, reflecting a low level of economic development. Also from econometric analysis is confirmed that the regression coefficient shows that we have a VAT impact on GDP in Kosovo, because the level of significance is .000, or includes the rate of 1%. Also, the correlation between VAT and GDP shows a strong positive relationship, or statistically interpreted with the increase of VAT, will increase the GDP of Kosovo, these two elements conclude that VAT has a significant impact on economic growth in Kosovo. Furthermore, this research highlight some key issues that policy makers should consider dealing with the collection and effective use of revenue collected from VAT, to improve growth.
Can Big Data Analysis Make Cities Smarter? Emerging Issues and Stakeholder Implicationsin Smart Mobility
Authors: Gürsoy Serkan , Yücelen Murat
Published: July 2017

This study deals with the challenges and bottlenecks with respect to the concept of smart cities which has largelybeen constructed on knowledge utilization issues and challenges. Despite the abundant existent literature inthis field, the effective transformation of data into knowledge which can become a source of competitiveadvantage is still an ongoing debate, especially due to contemporary developments in big data analysismethods, approaches and strategies. As an emerging problem, the derivation of significant meaning from bigdata is among popular academic research fields, as well as being a crucial industrial and policy makingengagement regarding value creating mechanisms in smart cities. Therefore in this study, limitations andchallenges in translating big data into valuable knowledge in academia and industries are considered within theconcept of smart mobility. In an attempt to propose researchers, business firms and governmental entities acollaborative approach, a perception about emerging issues is presented for clarifying some future constructsintersecting in relevant research and applied fields.
Impact of Leadership versus Organizational Effectiveness in the Secondary Banking Sector in Albania
Authors: Shoraj Dritan , Memetaj Marionela
Published: July 2017

Through an empirical and theoretical analysis, the study will demonstrate the relationship existing between the leadership style and organizational effectiveness, taking into account that the leadership model explored in this study will be the model provided by Bass and Avolio (1994), represented by the transactional, transformational and laissez-faire style. Impact and behavior of each style on the employees’ motivation, increase of the business organization revenues and finally on the enhancement of organizational effectiveness. The research methodology selected for this study is the quantitative one, where a number of about 450 employees in the secondary banking system in Albania are planned to be interviewed. The measuring instrument will be divided in 4 sections and after data collection, the variable analysis will be realized via SPSS program, which enables the implementation of ANOVA test, Chi-square (χ2), means, standard deviations, frequencies and correlations between the key variables to prove the study hypothesis. Finally, this scientific study will be closed with the relevant conclusions and recommendations.
Dams and Displacement in Turkey and Pakistan
Authors: Hadi Abdul
Published: July 2017

The development policy makers in both Turkey and Pakistan believe that the construction of dams would bring development and prosperity in their countries. Believing in this development model, so far many dams have been constructed and others are either under the construction or in planning process in both countries. The evidences are steadily mounting and reveal that the benefits of dams have been over exaggerated and their social and ecological costs were grossly underestimated. Construction of dams resulted in the displacement of thousands of people in both countries. With the help of existing literature and studies, this study has been carried out and focused on the living conditions of displacees after the construction of dams in both countries. This study has found that in the case of Turkey due to inequitable land distribution major benefits of dams mostly beneficiaries of dam projects are people who are already well-off and but the people who were displaced due to dams and also were landless are living worse life compared with their previous living conditions. In Pakistan, there were resettlements plans for reservoir-induced displacees but not for deltaic people who were the most affectees. The reduction in fresh water flow and the encroachment of sea have brought destruction to both delta and deltaic people. In the absence of any resettlement plan and compensation, these people are forced to live in the slum areas of big cities and facing miserable poverty and psychological problems.
Foreign Direct Investments and Their Impacts to Environment, Albania Case
Authors: Rembeci Godiva
Published: July 2017

FDI is considered as positive factor on economic growth for the hosting country, because of its contribution to the employment growth, productivity, income, transfer of know-how, export promotion of its products in international market, etc. Especially in transition economies FDI compare to other the external flows is an important source for financing the current account deficit and in addition those flows are preferable because do not create debts for the hosting country. So far, the economic impacts of FDIs are almost well measured, but their impacts in other aspects such as environmental or social ones, are less recognizable and measured. By this paper the author aim to measure the share of foreign direct investments in pollution intense industries and their impacts to Albanian environment. The subject of the analysis is the FDI stock by economic activities focusing mostly to those activities determined by OECD as pollution-intensive industries, for the period 2007-2014. Both EUROSTAT and national statistical data produced by Bank of Albania are used to calculate the share of foreign investors’ involvement in pollution-intensive activities. The results show that in Albania, the FDI stock in pollution intense activities has an considerable position on the total FDI stock and its level of participation is higher compare to the EU figures
Corruption and Growth in a Dynamic General Equilibrium Model
Authors: Zhang Wei-Bin
Published: July 2017

This study introduces some new perspectives of bureaucratic corruption into the dynamic general equilibrium theory recently proposed by Zhang. The main concern of our study is the role of corruption on economic growth and income and wealth distribution between the officials and workers. The economy is composed of the industrial sector and public sector. The population is classified into officials and workers. Corruption takes places through many channels. Officials take brides from producers and households. The model describes dynamic interactions of growth, corruption with fixed tax rate and corruption rates. We simulate the model to demonstrate existence of equilibrium and motion of the dynamic system. We also examine effects of changes in different parameters on the motion of the economic system.
Classifications of People Addicted to Work, Treatment and Measurement of Workaholism – A Case Study
Authors: Dobrowolska Małgorzata , Izydorczyk Bernadetta
Published: July 2017

The paper presents the typologies of persons addicted to work, with the description of three case studies. At the end, information has been provided concerning treatment and measurement of workaholism. The classifications described in the paper are presented after Szpitalak, (2012, pp. 61-67). In accordance with the definitions concerning the functioning of workaholics, provided in literature sources, it is worth pointing out that such a person experiences specific emotions, thoughts and behaviour, typical for addiction. A common feature of psychological pattern of workaholic functioning is the compulsion, experienced and expressed in actions, as well as the excessive, and not controlled by the person’s will, involvement of a person in work, beyond reasonable time limits, and the compulsion to subjugate and execute all actions in the person’s life to professional activity only. A workaholic may reveal various profiles of psychological traits that determine her/his actions in a work situation and continuous thinking about work. Work situation becomes paramount in determining and motivating the direction of all life’s actions. In literature, it is possible to delineate several typologies of psychological traits for people labelled as workaholics.
Development of the Life Insurance Market in Albania
Authors: Madani Assoc. Prof.Dr Filloreta , Bazini Assoc. Prof.Dr Evelina
Published: July 2017

Life insurances occupy a small part in the insurance market in developing countries. The new age of the insurance industry and the level of the economic development in Albania make the life insurance market even more fragile. Factors affecting the development of this market are influenced by the economic growth and by other factors such as inflation, education of population, population growth, government policies, private investment, etc. In this article we will analyze using statistical methods the degree of the impact of the above factors in the life insurance market and we will also analyze through penetration coefficients the impact of the life insurance industry in Albania's economic development.
Difussion of Inovation of Creative Industry Values on the Tenants of Sragen Tehcno Park Trough Business Incubator Model
Authors: Setiawan Wawan Lulus
Published: July 2017

Currently creative industry in Indonesia is being develops as primary sector in economic development due to its capability to increase the value added of local resources, providing employment, and promoting tourism on the basis of sustainable development principles. Several techno park currently have been being developed by the government in various locations and various sector of economy as the focus of development. Sragen Tecno Park located in Central Java is one of Techno Park which focus on creative industry development trough business incubator model. In 2016 the program was followed by 10 (ten) new entrepreneurs as Tenants. By applying business incubator approach the Tenants were treated through the process beginning from selection, entrepreneurship training, managerial training, technical training, design and creativity training, as well as assistance, consulting, and advocating for marketing activities. Using the participatory action research, this qualitative study finds that business incubator model could improve creative industry values covering entrepreneurship values and art values of the Tenants, beside, supply chain and value chain of creative industry could be developed by the Tenant as well. This resulted in the improvement of business performance of the Tenant. Diffusion of innovation of creative industry values on the tenants trough business incubator model has indicated its effectiveness as an approach to develop Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), so that it has implication for policies of developing SMEs in other local resource based economic sector.
E-Commerce as Mechanism for Enhancing Micro and Small Enterprises: The Case of a Port Conurbated Area in the Southeast of Mexico
Authors: Betancourt Ignacio Ortiz , Téllez Prof. María del Carmen Meza , Castro Mariel Terrones
Published: July 2017

E-commerce arised from the greater demand experienced by companies and the need of their administration to make better use of information technology and to find a better way to adapt the new technologies, in order to improve the relationship between customer and supplier. In this scenario, from micro to large interprises could benefit by developing e-commerce strategies; in the mexican context, micro, small and médium enterprises represent more tan 90% of business units but show low preference for adopting e-commerce strategies. Based on the above, this study aims to detect which elements appart small enterprises from e-commerce. After applying a survey among 100 small enterprises, it was observed that the most important barriers were the high cost of implementation, lack of qualified personnel and lack of information.
External Debt and FDI in Kosovo, Stimulating Growth
Authors: Kida Nakije Miftar
Published: July 2017

My work is based on statistical analysis of annual data for GDP, FDI, Infrastructure and External Debt for Kosovo. They show that there was a delay in GDP growth by inappropriate trajectory configuration of positive and negative increase or decrease of economic components, some of which are included in the analysis, FDI, Infrastructure and External Debt. FDI has a positive reflection on GDP growth but it presents no statistical significance. Even the CBK statistics for FDI inflows in Kosovo show the lowest level especially after 2007, with minor improvements these last two years. While, considered as an important factor in the GDP growth, Infrastructure is represented by cellular telephone lines which cover 98% of the territory of Kosovo. Our empirical results suggest that external debt has had a negative impact on economic growth even though the coefficient is low, the evidence shows that the external debt is increasing and this has important implications for the economy and public policies in Kosovo.
The Impact of FDI on the Structure of the Kosovo Economy
Authors: Kida Nakije Miftar
Published: July 2017

This study has addressed the impact of domestic investment and FDI net flow from the services sector on economic growth for a period of 10 years. The data are taken from CBK, in annual periods, using the technique of Pearson correlation and multiple OLS regression, conducted with the statistical program SPSS 21.0. FDI attraction by the services sector is found to be greater than by the other sectors. This becomes more evident by findings from econometric analysis, where the services sector has a strong impact on economic growth in the country. Meanwhile, the "crowding out" effect has happened, indicating that local investment (local firms) has a modest level of technical and managerial changes, since increasing effect is estimated to be negative. According to this study, the economy of Kosovo has grown with an average rate of 4% for 16 years and the biggest contributor is the services sector with 56% of GDP, which includes financial services, insurance companies, construction, telecommunications, real estate, trade etc. This pace still continues to be a model of economic growth in Kosovo and continues to be supported by certain economic policies, while other sectors lag behind. This result clearly shows that, although the level of FDI inflows in Kosovo is low, the sector specification shows positive trend of incoming flows in the services sector. This is due to dominance in market of the financial sector and that of insurance with foreign capital as the only financing source of the local businesses.
Global Innovation Trends and Georgia
Authors: Shaburishvili Shota , Chania Maia
Published: July 2017

Continuous and progressive technological changes based on scientific-technical revolution have become common under modern globalization processes. They gradually destroy the traditional distinction between low and high-tech sectors and shift the general vector of development of the country from static, temporary comparative advantages to innovation-based dynamic competitive advantage. In other words, innovation is becoming a significant resource that determines a competitive advantage of a country and is essential for achieving efficient and rapid improvement of welfare of a society. What is business innovation? How does innovationinfluence business development and its management in the country? In modern global business management success can’t be achieved without application and proper management of up-to-date technologies. As a result, in recent years, scientists have paid special interest to the importance of technology and scientific and technological progress in business development.
Regular projective resolutions OF SEMIMODULES
Authors: Tuyến Nguyễn Xuân
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we present an approach version of semimodule homologies by regular projective resolutions such as define a concept of a regular projective resolution, prove the comparison theorem for semimodules by these resolutions and based them provide cohomology monoids of semimodules.
Isolation and antifungal screening of endophytic fungi from Erigeron canadensis
Authors: Bai Xuelian , Zhou Ting , Lai Tongfei , Li Yicong , Chai Jiale , Ni Jiajun , Zhang Huawei
Published: July 2017

Sixteen fungal strains isolated from the Erigeron canadensis, one of traditional Chinese medicines used to treat the pathogenic infection and dysentery, were evaluated for their antifungal activities against one human pathogen Candida albicans, and two phytopathogens, Colletotrichum fructicola and Rhizoctonia cerealis. The bioassay results indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of these fungal endophytes had stronger antimicrobial activities. Among these endophytic strains, the ethyl acetate extracts of strains NPR003 and NPR005 showed the strongest inhibitory effects and has potential application in the discovery of new antifungal agents. This was the first report on the isolation of endophytic fungi from E. canadensis and evaluation of their antifungal activities.

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Destination Encounters With Local Food: The Experience of International Visitors in Indonesia
Authors: Wijaya Serli , King Brian , Morrison Alison , Nguyen Thu-Huong
Published: July 2017

Increasing numbers of visitors are seeking out culinary experiences when travelling overseas. Food can enhance the destination experience, giving physiological sustenance and providing opportunities to learn about destination cultures through direct encounters with local cuisines. However,
engaging with novel local food might arouse certain visitor expectations, particularly among those who have not visited previously. This study aimed to identify international visitor preconceptions of local Indonesian food and the underlying factors influencing expectations prior to their
in-country experience of dining on local food. A questionnaire-based survey that was administered to 349 international visitors identified seven factors underlying their expectations: staff quality, sensory attributes, food uniqueness, local servicescapes, food
authenticity, food familiarity, and food variety. A number of significantly different dining expectations were also highlighted between first-time and repeat visitors.
Neither Here nor There? The Transformation of Place, Performance, People, and Power Relations Through Travelers' Social Web
Authors: Duffy Andrew
Published: July 2017

Smartphones and the social web provide innovative ways to connect, notably in the tourism context. Anecdotes abound of backpackers absorbed in their smartphones or lurking in coffee shops on laptops. It remains unclear whether such preoccupation with the social web, which provides connection
with home and with fellow travelers, is beneficial or detrimental to engagement with local people and places. Starting from Gergen's idea of "absent presence," this article examines the recent literature on travelers' use of the social web accessed on smartphones and identifies four distinct
but interrelated themes: how smartphones might alter traveler place engagements, their performances while traveling and those who are affected; and finally the implicit power relations in smartphone-enhanced or -encumbered travel. The researchers propose future directions, particularly around
the neglected area of interactions between smartphone-bearing travelers and locals.
Intention to Attend the Rainforest World Music Festival: Local Visitor Perspectives
Authors: Ting Hiram , Mering Mary Wan , Adruce Shahren Ahmad Zaidi , Memon Mumtaz Ali
Published: July 2017

The annual Rainforest World Music Festival in Sarawak, Malaysia is a much celebrated tourism event and has global awareness as a festival of world music. Notwithstanding the popularity of the festival, there has been no study of visitor intentions. Drawing upon the theory of planned
behavior, this study aims to determine the effect of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and past experience on behavioral intentions to attend the festival from the local visitor perspective. A questionnaire-based survey was administered using purposive sampling and ultimately
241 respondents participated. Multiple regressions analysis and t test were used to perform tests of relationship and difference. The findings show that although all the factors that are of interest have positive effects on intentions to visit the Festival, local visitors who have and
have not attended previously exhibit very different behaviors. The study provides insights for the benefit of festival organizers and relevant stakeholders within the wider context of music festivals.
Indigenous Self-Determination and the Culinary Tourist
Authors: Allen Ann
Published: July 2017

Some contrasting views exist about the prospective benefits of contemporary food tourism for indigenous communities. Some commentators view food tourism as a potential mechanism for reducing tourist stereotyping, bias, and negative images. Increased economic opportunities, employment,
and development are commonly cited as potential benefits. However, critics have viewed these same experiences as a colonial revival. An unquestioned assumption that the food traditions, dishes, and cuisines of (usually economically and culturally marginal) indigenous populations should be
available and presented for consumption evokes the colonial legacy. These colonial type assumptions, images, and experiences are being challenged deliberately and in a targeted manner. An increasing number of indigenous communities, including the New Zealand Māori, have chosen to rearticulate
and re-present their culture in the context of the postcolonial period. For contemporary indigenous people, the culinary cultural field is often wider than simply supplying the touristically "exotic" or "authentic." It may provide a location to engage with various strategies for indigenous
self-determination and the reappropriation of cultural capital. Such strategies may lead to outcomes catering to culinary tourist demands. Tourists seeking out Māori food will have difficultly gaining access, except in the case of the Wharekai (the Māori social space and part of
the Marae meeting complex). This research note considers the relationship between the postcolonial legacy, culinary tourism, and indigenous selfdetermination, as it applies to first nation peoples' foodways, and specifically to the Māori. In doing so, it may contribute to developing
new perspectives on food tourism and indigenous self-determination.