bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The LU-LC conjecture, diagonal local operations and quadratic forms over GF(2)
Authors: Gross D. , Van den Nest M.
Published: March 2021

We report progress on the LU-LC conjecture---an open problem in the context of entanglement in stabilizer states (or graph states). This conjecture states that every two stabilizer states which are related by a local unitary operation, must also be related by a local operation within the Clifford group. The contribution of this paper is a reduction of the LU-LC conjecture to a simpler problem---which, however, remains to date unsolved. As our main result, we show that, if the LU-LC conjecture could be proved for the restricted case of \emph{diagonal} local unitary operations, then the conjecture is correct in its totality. Furthermore, the reduced version of the problem, involving such diagonal local operations, is mapped to questions regarding quadratic forms over the finite field GF(2). Finally, we prove that correctness of the LU-LC conjecture for stabilizer states implies a similar result for the more general case of stabilizer codes.
Entanglement purification with two-way classical communication
Authors: Leung A.W. , Shor P.W.
Published: March 2021

We present an entanglement purification protocol for Bell-diagonal mixed states and show that this protocol has improved yields over the recurrence methods and the method proposed by Maneva-Smolin. We then generalize this protocol to a family, and show that this family is also a generalization of the recurrence method, the modified recurrence method and the method proposed by Maneva-Smolin. We show that the yields of these protocols on the Werner state $\rho_F$ are higher than those of universal hashing for F less than 0.99999 and as F goes to 1.
Trade-off between the tolerance of located and unlocated errors in nondegenrate quantum
Authors: Haselgrove H.L. , Rohde P.P.
Published: March 2021

In a recent study [Rohde et al., quant-ph/0603130 (2006)] of several quantum error correcting protocols designed for tolerance against qubit loss, it was shown that these protocols have the undesirable effect of magnifying the effects of depolarization noise. This raises the question of which general properties of quantum error-correcting codes might explain such an apparent trade-off between tolerance to located and unlocated error types. We extend the counting argument behind the well-known quantum Hamming bound to derive a bound on the weights of combinations of located and unlocated errors which are correctable by nondegenerate quantum codes. Numerical results show that the bound gives an excellent prediction to which combinations of unlocated and located errors can be corrected {\em with high probability} by certain large degenerate codes. The numerical results are explained partly by showing that the generalized bound, like the original, is closely connected to the information-theoretic quantity the {\em quantum coherent information}. However, we also show that as a measure of the exact performance of quantum codes, our generalized Hamming bound is provably far from tight.
A quantum repeater based on decoherence free subspaces
Authors: Dorner U. , Klein A. , Jaksch D.
Published: March 2021

We study a quantum repeater which is based on decoherence free quantum gates recently proposed by Klein {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. A, {\bf 73}, 012332 (2006)]. A number of operations on the decoherence free subspace in this scheme makes use of an ancilla qubit, which undergoes dephasing and thus introduces decoherence to the system. We examine how this decoherence affects entanglement swapping and purification as well as the performance of a quantum repeater. We compare the decoherence free quantum repeater with a quantum repeater based on qubits that are subject to decoherence and show that it outperforms the latter when decoherence due to long waiting times of conventional qubits becomes significant. Thus, a quantum repeater based on decoherence free subspaces is a possibility to greatly improve quantum communication over long or even intercontinental distances.
Efficient 2-designs from bases exist
Authors: McConnell G. , Gross D.
Published: March 2021

We show that in a complex $d$-dimensional vector space, one can find O(d) bases whose elements form a 2-design. Such vector sets generalize the notion of a maximal collection of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs). MUBs have many applications in quantum information theory (e.g.\ in state tomography, cloning, or cryptography) -- however it is suspected that maximal sets exist only in prime-power dimensions. Our construction offers an efficient alternative for general dimensions. The findings are based on a framework recently established, which reduces the construction of such bases to the combinatorial problem of finding certain highly nonlinear functions between abelian groups.
Teleportation of composite systems for communication and information processing
Authors: Louis S.G.R. , Greentree A.D. , Munro W.J. , Nemoto K.
Published: March 2021

We describe two protocols for efficient data transmission using a single passive bus. Different types of interactions are obtained enabling the deterministic transfer and teleportation of composite quantum systems for arbitrary subsystem dimension and for arbitrary numbers of subsystems. The subsystems may become entangled in the transmission in which case the protocols can serve generalized teleportation based information processing as well as storage and transmission functions. We explore the cases of two qubits and two qutrits in detail, obtaining a maximally entangling mapping of the composite systems and discuss the use of a continuous variable bus.
Computing stabilized norms for quantum operations
Authors: Johnston N. , Kribs D.W. , Paulsen V.I.
Published: March 2021

The diamond and completely bounded norms for linear maps play an increasingly important role in quantum information science, providing fundamental stabilized distance measures for differences of quantum operations. We give a brief introduction to the theory of completely bounded maps. Based on this theory, we formulate an algorithm to compute the norm of an arbitrary linear map. We present an implementation of the algorithm via MATLAB, discuss its efficiency, and consider the case of differences of unitary maps.
Fast amplification of QMA
Authors: Nagaj D. , Wocjan P. , Zhang Y.
Published: March 2021

Given a verifier circuit for a problem in QMA, we show how to exponentially amplify the gap between its acceptance probabilities in the `yes' and `no' cases, with a method that is quadratically faster than the procedure given by Marriott and Watrous. Our construction is natively quantum, based on the analogy of a product of two reflections and a quantum walk. Second, in some special cases we show how to amplify the acceptance probability for good witnesses to 1, making a step towards the proof that QMA with one-sided error QMA_1 is equal to QMA. Finally, we simplify the filter-state method to search for QMA witnesses by Poulin and Wocjan.
Strategy for Lead Identification for Understudied Kinases
Authors: Drewry David , Annor-Gyamfi Joel K. , Wells Carrow , Pickett Julie E. , Axtman Alison
Published: March 2021

In our manuscript we outline an approach in which we convert a promiscuous pyrimidine scaffold into narrowly selective, cell-active chemical leads for several understudied kinases, including DRAK1, BMP2K, and MARK4. These chemical tools will allow illumination of the function(s) of these poorly characterized kinases for the first time. Several of the understudied kinases that we inhibit with our pyrimidine-based compounds are also implicated in neurodegenerative disease, pushing the utility of kinase inhibitors outside of the oncology space and offering opportunities for the validation of therapeutic hypotheses attributed to these kinases.
ВЛАСТИВОСТІ ЕПОКСИДНИХ КОМПОЗИТІВ, НАПОВНЕНИХ ФІТИНОВОЮ КИСЛОТОЮ
Authors: Chernyavska Tatiana
Published: March 2021

Для формування композитних матеріалів і захисних покриттів для транспортної га-лузі використовують епоксидний діановий олігомер ЕД-20, поліетиленполіамін ПЕПА тамікродисперсні часточки фітинової кислоти. Досліджено залежність вмісту мікродисперс-ного порошку на адгезійні, фізико-механічні властивості та теплостійкість епоксидних ком-позитів. Отримані результати досліджень фізико-механічних властивостей композитнихматеріалів узгоджуються з результатами випробувань зразків з адгезійними характеристи-ками, що свідчить про їх достовірність.
ДО РОЗРАХУНКУ ВЕНТИЛЯЦІЇ ВИРОБНИЧИХ ПРИМІЩЕНЬ ЗА УМОВ ВИДІЛЕННЯ ДЕКІЛЬКОХ ШКІДЛИВИХ РЕЧОВИН
Authors: Ryzhkov Vadim , Belokon’ Karina , Manidina Eugenia , Troits’ka Helen , Radchenko Yurii
Published: March 2021

Визначено необхідну продуктивність вентиляційної установки для зменшення кон-центрації шкідливих речовин за умов одночасного виділення до повітря робочої зони декі-лькох речовин. Розглянуто варіанти речовини різноспрямованої дії; речовини односпря-мованої дії з адитивним ефектом; речовини односпрямованої дії з підсилюючим (потенці-йованим) ефектом; речовини односпрямованої дії з послаблюючим (антагоністичним)ефектом. Запропоновано рівняння, що описують продуктивність вентиляційної установкидля зазначених варіантів надходження шкідливих речовин до повітря.
Estimate The Parameters in Presence of Multicollinearity And Outliers Using Bisquare Weighted Ridge Least Median Squares Regression (wrlms)
Authors: Dano Pati Kafi
Published: March 2021

The presence of multicollinearity and outliers are classical problems of data within the linear regression framework. We are going to present a proposal of a new method which can be a potential candidate for robust ridge regression as well as a robust detection of multicollinearity. This proposal arises as a logical combination of principles used in the ridge regression and the Bisquare weighted function. The technique of the Least Median of Squares (LMS) is used for the sake of overcoming the resulting regression problems. This paper investigates the non-resistance of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) to multicollinearity and outliers and proposes the utilization of robust regression for instance, Least Median Squares LMS to detect non-normality of residuals, the use of robust methods yields more reliable trend estimations and outlier detection. LMS is introduced as a robust regression technique and through medical application its effect on regression is discussed. The numerical example and simulation study shows that the outcome of the Weighted Ridge Least Median Squares (WRLMS) is better than other estimators in terms of its efficiency. This has been done by utilizing both Standard Error (SE) and the Root Mean Squared Error criterion for the numerical example and simulation study, respectively as far as a lot of combinations of error distribution and degree of multicollinearity are concerned.
Interactional Adjustment: Three Approaches in Language and Social Psychology
Authors: Gasiorek J , Weatherall Ann , Watson B
Published: March 2021

© The Author(s) 2020. Interactional adjustment refers to people’s tendency to adjust, or adapt, their communication behavior in social interactions. In recent years, three distinctive approaches to this topic that have featured prominently in the Journal of Language and Social Psychology are communication accommodation theory (CAT), language style matching (LSM), and discursive psychology using conversation analysis (DPCA). In this article, we provide a review of these three approaches, highlighting what defines and distinguishes them, as well as what insights into interactional adjustment each offers. We draw out the connections and points of tensions between these approaches; in so doing, we identify future directions for research on interactional adjustment as a fundamental aspect of human communication, and in the study of language and social psychology.
(Re)discovering social identity theory: an agenda for multinational enterprise internalization theory
Authors: Raskovic Matevz , Takacs-Haynes K
Published: March 2021

© 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited. Purpose: Firm internalization is a central concept within the business strategy literature, as part of the broader social sciences. The purpose of this paper is to show how and where MNE internalization theory can benefit from a social identity theory (SIT) perspective to better understand 21st-century multinational enterprises (MNEs). Design/methodology/approach: This paper provides a review and future research agenda for the use of SIT related to MNE internalization theory. The authors complement an evolutionary review of SIT literature with a systematic bibliometric analysis identifying specific thematic gaps. Extending Buckley and Casson’s review of and future research agenda for MNE internalization theory, the authors propose three specific future research directions along with eight guiding research questions. Findings: International business (IB) scholars are familiar with limited aspects of SIT and apply it only in certain research areas, mainly connected to human resource management and leadership, organizational identity and work-related outcomes or international marketing. Strategic management and strategy-oriented IB scholars are less familiar with SIT, despite growing interest in MNE micro-foundations and decision-making under uncertainty. Originality/value: The authors position SIT as a natural meta-theoretical fit to MNE internalization theory. By providing a future research agenda along with eight supporting research questions, the authors help to advance the MNE internalization theory by linking individual, group and intergroup perspectives against a more socially nuanced, interactionist and dynamic view of MNEs and their decision-making.
Postlicensure herpes zoster vaccine effectiveness: Systematic review protocol
Authors: Mbinta JF , Nguyen Binh , Awuni PMA , Eme PE , Simpson Colin
Published: March 2021

© 2021 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Introduction Herpes zoster (HZ) and associated complications inflict substantial morbidity and associated healthcare and socioeconomic burdens. Current treatments are not fully effective, especially among the most vulnerable populations. Two HZ vaccines are available and are part of the national immunisation programmes in many countries. This review will evaluate the effectiveness of zoster vaccines against incident HZ and postherpetic neuralgia in adults 50 years and older. Methods and analysis The key information sources that will be searched include MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane libraries and CINAHL. This search will consider postlicensure observational studies published in all languages between 2006 and 2020 that assessed the effectiveness of HZ/zoster vaccines in adults 50 years and older. The identification of studies will be complemented with the search of reference lists and citations, and contact with authors of papers to request missing or additional data, where required. Following the search, all identified citations will be collated, and duplicates will be removed. Titles and abstracts will then be screened by two independent reviewers for assessment against the inclusion criteria for the review. Selected studies will follow the process of critical appraisal, data extraction and data synthesis. Statistical analyses will be performed using a random-effect model. Ethics and dissemination Formal ethical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected. The review will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.
Perubahan Karakteristik Aspal Pen 60/70 dengan Substitusi Getah Karet Alam Pangkalan Balai, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Widianto Barkah Wahyu , Faishal Mochamad Isa
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKBerdasarkan data Produksi Karet di Indonesia terdapat peningkatan rata-rata 1,5% pada tahun 2015-2020, dimana produksi karet terbesar adalah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan yaitu 28,77%. Dengan peningkatan dan upaya pemanfaatannya maka dilakukan penelitian substitusi getah karet ke aspal. Getah karet yang digunakan adalah berbentuk padat dan berasal dari Pangkalan Balai, Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik aspal pen 60/70 disubstitusi dengan kadar getah karet alam 0%, 2,5%, 5%, dan 7,5%. Pengujian mengacu pada SE Menteri PUPR No 04/SE/M/2019. Hasil pengujian menunjukan nilai penetrasi, daktilitas, berat jenis, viskositas 135°C, kelarutan dalam TCE, TFOT, serta penetrasi dan daktilitas setelah kehilangan berat mengalami penurunan dengan ditambahnya kadar getah karet. Sedangkan nilai titik lembek, titik nyala, dan kehilangan berat mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik aspal menjadi lebih keras dan diindikasi tahan terhadap deformasi tetapi rentan terhadap retak. Dari nilai pengujian disimpulkan bahwa kadar getah karet alam 5% memenuhi spesifikasi aspal modifikasi.Kata kunci: getah karet alam, aspal pen 60/70, aspal modifikasi ABSTRACTBased on Rubber Production data in Indonesia, there has been an average increasing of 1.5% for 2016-2020, where the largest production of rubber is South Sumatra Province, which is 28.77%. With the improvement and utilization efforts, research was carried out on mixing rubber sap into asphalt. The rubber sap that has been used is solid and comes from Pangkalan Balai, South Sumatra. This study aims to examine the characteristics of 60/70 pen asphalt substituted with natural rubber latex levels of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. The test refers to SE Menteri PUPR No 04/SE/M/2019. The test results have shown the value of penetration, ductility, specific gravity, viscosity of 135° C, solubility in TCE, TFOT, penetration and ductility after weight loss has decreased with the addition of rubber sap content. Meanwhile, the values for softening point, flash point, and weight loss increased. This indicates that the characteristics of the asphalt become tougher and indicate that it is resistant to deformation but is prone to cracking. Judging from the test value, it can be concluded that the 5% natural rubber latex content meets the specifications of asphalt modification.Keywords: natural rubber, asphalt pen 60/70, asphalt modification
Teachers’ Feedback Practice and Students’ Academic Achievement: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Selvaraj Anne Malar , Azman Hazita , Wahi Wahiza
Published: March 2021

Previous literature on teachers’ feedback practices has revealed that feedback has a strong effect on students’ academic performance. Nevertheless, feedback is a challenge for teachers to use in teaching and the learning environment due to time constraints and teachers’ inability to provide students with feedback they need for self-improvement. Furthermore, teachers are often unsure whether the feedback given will meet students’ academic needs as students have to work on improving themselves after receiving feedback from their respective teachers. Hence, it is necessary to determine how teachers’ feedback correlates with students’ performance in school. Feedback highlights students’ strengths guides them on how to develop and regulate their learning strategies. Feedback also provides better learning opportunities, while simultaneously guiding them to improve their current weaknesses. This paper presents a comprehensive review of past studies about feedback and its impacts on students’ learning in the classroom. This paper is using systematic literature review (SLR) to explore the connection between students’ academic performance and teachers’ feedback. The analysis discovered that although teachers’ feedback played a significant role in helping students improve themselves academically and in motivating them to become independent, feedback, particularly in written form, could negatively influence or impede learning.
Sustaining Collaborative Learning among University Students in the Wake of COVID-19: The Perspective of Online Community Project
Authors: Omodan Bunmi Isaiah , Ige Olugbenga A.
Published: March 2021

This study aims at reconstructing an online classroom community project as an alternative to physical collaborative teaching-learning process by identifying the challenges militating against the implementation of an online classroom community project and the possible solutions to mitigate the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Ubuntu was used to theorise the study within the Transformative Paradigm (TP) and Participatory Research (PR) lens as a research design. Ten participants were selected among 810 first-year students who were twice given online community project assessments during the COVID-19 lockdown. The participants were selected using convenient sampling technique because, as at the time of the study, the they are under level 3 lockdown. Thematic analysis was adopted to serve the current research objectives. The study found out some challenges such as: students struggle to locate group members and unstable internet access and electricity shortage mitigate their learning. The study also revealed that tolerance among group members and consistent utilisation of online community project are the possible ways to implement online classroom community project in University classrooms more effectively.
Free Trade Agreement with the European Union and food sovereignty in Ecuador: A review from the Economic Analysis of Law
Authors: Paredes Torres Antonella Silvana
Published: March 2021

This research article analyzes the current situation of food sovereignty in Ecuador linked with the Free Trade Agreement between Ecuador, Peru Colombia and the European Union (FTA), after almost four years of its entry into force, considering the impacts of the sanitary and economic crisis generated by the coronavirus pandemic in Ecuador, which has produced significant consequences for small food producers, specially in terms of poverty and inequality. In addition, this article aims to present a review of the implications that the Free Trade Agreement has had on the food sovereignty regime in Ecuador, from the economic analysis of law, analyzing whether this international instrument reduces transaction costs and is efficient in terms of food sovereignty, or whether an inalienability rule should be applied to counteract the externalities it generates in sustainable food production aligned with food sovereignty.
Sobre la figura del campesino y la gestión del territorio: Una aproximación desde Nariño (Colombia)
Authors: Rico Rodríguez Tyanif , Urquijo Torres Pedro Sergio
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to show the trajectory of the “campesino” notion in the Colombian institutional context. “Campesino” has been used as a territorial management strategy to organize a set of technologies, populations, crops, and soil use. Peasant organizations in Colombia today seek to position this notion as a category of effective citizenship, and social ordering of their territories. To do this, we carried out a descriptive study of the configuration of the figure of the peasant from the institutional level facing the context of Nariño. Methodologically, we used different qualitative research tools to dig in an ethnographic perspective of the agrarian, environmental, and social organization history of the region. We raise some reflections on current uses and disputes through institutional frameworks that seek, or omit, their recognition as an agrarian and citizenship category. Finally, we provide some reflections on the strategies and frameworks to regulate rural spaces based on subject-centered categories and territorial policies. The importance of this analysis is the visibility of the strategies of community organizations to build, from their local experience, notions of peasantry focused on the recognition of citizenship, beyond the functional and productive character posed by the State.
«FUNDAMENTALS OF ACADEMIC WRITING» IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
Authors: Serebrianska Irina
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the implementation of the discipline “Fundamentals of Academic Writing” in higher education institutions. The author represents her own experience of working on the course with students of different specialities, offers the main stages of training and approximate tasks. The discipline “Fundamentals of Academic Writing” is to form students’ academic culture, academic literacy, practical skills of oral and written language, necessary for successful learning and obtaining a future profession, and to develop critical thinking. Students learn to write professional and business texts of various types and give a critical assessment of information. They use a creative approach, library catalogues and websites. Both individual and teamwork in creating their micro-projects as a form of final control are encouraged. The interdisciplinary direction of the course is due to its content and structural elements: academic and scientific speech issues are closely intertwined with professional ones, forming the ability to express themselves competently within the speciality mastered by students, to create their professional texts. Integrated activities used in practice allow to develop various skills and abilities of future specialists: a study of educational and special terms, discussion of principles of academic integrity and related concepts (academic culture, academic ethics, academic writing, etc.), work with texts of different types, development of speech culture, writing resumes, cover letters, annotations, abstracts, essays and other documents essential for the further implementation of academic mobility of students and their successful participation in grant activities. The final work is in the form of presentation of the Code of Honor of the academic group developed by students. It is good feedback for the teacher about gained knowledge and skills. The interdisciplinary approach allows training modern specialists with good communicative competencies.
The “proof” of the pudding is not just in the eating. Savouring the richness of the research process experience.
Authors: Leonard Karen
Published: March 2021

There is much written on research methodologies and the merits of each within academic texts.  Researchers provide written accounts of their methodologies, their results locating these in literature previously reviewed.  New ideas, models and frameworks of knowing develop from the discussion of the findings than contribute greatly to knowledge within a given discipline.  What is seldom captured is the actual process of engaging in research, the ups and downs of the journey, whose voices are captured and for what reason and the relational and ethical dilemmas along the way that need to be negotiated.  This article aims to give voice to my experiences of a research process with social care students as I attempted to develop a new model of relational reflexivity within their education and practice preparation.   I discuss some of my experiences as a practitioner researcher as they relate to the research aims, design and method of inquiry.  I offer my perspective as a way of challenging the clean-cut process often portrayed, where the researcher objectively and seamlessly goes through the various stages of the research process, before arriving at their conclusions in a tidy and comprehensive fashion
THE MANAGEMENT MODEL OF MASCETI PURA TEMPLE AREA IN BALI AS A SPIRITUAL TOURISM DESTINATION BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM
Authors: Putra I Gede Wirabuana , Maba Wayan , Widnyana I Ketut , Sudiana Anak Agung Ketut
Published: March 2021

Research on the management model of the sacred area of ​​the Masceti temple as a spiritual tourism destination aims to identify the potential for tourism in the sacred area of ​​the Masceti temple to be developed into a spiritual tourism destination based on local wisdom, explore and study community attitudes, and formulate strategies for developing the sacred area of ​​the Masceti temple as a spiritual tourism destination. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with data collection methods through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The results showed that the sacred area of ​​Masceti temple has the potential for spiritual, cultural and natural tourism. Supporting facilities such as road access and additional services available in the area are included in the good category. The community's perceptions and attitudes agree with the development of the management of the sacred area of ​​the Masceti temple as a spiritual tourism destination based on local wisdom. Based on the I-E matrix, it is shown that the sacred area of ​​the Masceti temple has strong internal and external conditions. The strategy in accordance with these conditions is a growth strategy. The SWOT analysis resulted in the following alternatives a) finalizing the planning of the arrangement of the Masceti temple sacred area and implementing sustainable arrangement, b) arranging the place for selling souvenirs, culinary delights and arranging the parking area, c) improving supporting facilities and infrastructure such as toilets, landfills, yoga places, meditation, holy bathing and construction of Hindu dormitories
Avaliação da padronização das mídias sociais gerenciadas pelo Ministério do Turismo
Authors: Brandt Silveira Kathleen Karoline , Acosta Pereira Lucimari , Flôres Limberger Pablo
Published: March 2021

Ao considerar a rápida expansão de serviços de informação, principalmente no ambiente online, tem-se para o setor turístico uma potencial ferramenta que são as mídias sociais, que exercem o papel fundamental de socialização de ideias, estimulando e disseminação de informações e o consumo. Deste modo, torna-se considerável a atuação do poder público e organização das políticas públicas com a intenção de disseminar a comunicação pública para promover articulação entre os diversos atores sociais envolvidos nos seus planos, programas e projetos, via ambiente online. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a padronização das mídias sociais gerenciadas pelo Ministério do Turismo. Este estudo foi baseado na metodologia da pesquisa bibliográfica, qualitativa e utilização de fontes secundárias, bem como análise documental e avaliativa por meio da verificação do Manual de Orientações para Atuação em Mídias Sociais (Identidade padrão de comunicação digital do poder executivo federal), disponibilizado pela Secretaria de Comunicação Social Brasileira. Foram avaliadas as mídias sociais utilizadas pelo Ministério do Turismo, sendo estas: Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Google +, Instagram, Pinterest e Flickr. A análise foi realizada considerando o ano de 2017 e o ano de 2020. Os resultados desde estudo apontaram que as atuais mídias sociais utilizadas pelo Ministério do Turismo estão estrategicamente sendo utilizadas, mas não seguem uma padronização visual adequada, entre si. Os conteúdos publicados os mesmos conseguem transmitir a partir da padronização uma mensagem direta e clara dentro do contexto da comunicação nas mídias sociais e condizem com a proposta do setor. Além de apresentar os destinos, eventos, regulamentações e fatos importantes do setor.
A Casa Di San Giorgio (1407-1805) no ciclo sistêmico genovês: algumas considerações
Authors: De Souza Liana dos Santos Gonçalves , Simões de Souza Luiz Eduardo
Published: March 2021

Por meio deste trabalho, busca-se apresentar o processo de financeirização do Ciclo Genovês de Acumulação, marcado pelo acirramento da concorrência entre as cidades-estados italianas, examinando sua relação com a principal entidade que favoreceu o crescimento de Gênova, a Casa Di San Giorgio. Fundada em 1408, a Casa exerceu papel vital ao administrar vários instrumentos necessários para o financiamento do estado Genovês e dos empreendimentos mercantis do comércio mediterrâneo.
Celso Furtado, a Ascensão Chinesa e a Complexificação do Sistema Centro-Periferia
Authors: Barbosa Alexandre de Freitas
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo apresenta as reflexões de Celso Furtado sobre o desenvolvimento da China. Na primeira parte, procura-se mostrar como a ampliação do seu arsenal metodológico, nas obras do final dos anos 1970, permite incorporar a China e os dilemas vividos durante o período das reformas à sua agenda de pesquisa. Na segunda parte, o artigo se detém na compreensão de Furtado sobre as transformações econômicas e geopolíticas do “capitalismo global” anos 1990 e o crescente papel exercido pela China. Na última parte do artigo, o autor procura traçar seu próprio itinerário de reflexões sobre a ascensão chinesa, revelando como essa nova perspectiva furtadiana pode se revelar fértil, especialmente se posta em diálogo com os conceitos e interpretações de outros autores como Fernand Braudel, Immanuel Wallerstein e Giovanni Arrighi.
Resenha do livro "Celso Furtado e os 60 anos de Formação Econômica do Brasil"
Authors: Walter Caporrino Amanda
Published: March 2021

Resenha do livro "Celso Furtado e os 60 anos de Formação Econômica do Brasil"
Monterrey y Bilbao (1870-1914): empresariado, industria y desarrollo regional en la periferia
Authors: Cerutti Mario , Valdaliso Jesús María
Published: March 2021

Bilbao (norte de España) y Monterrey (norte de México) acunaron un interesante ciclo de crecimiento fabril en las postrimerías del siglo XIX. Ambas ciudades se perfilaron como ejes de un crecimiento regionalestimulado por demandas generadas tanto en economías que habían consumado la revolución industrial como por los respectivos mercados internos. El artículo presenta un sucinto cotejo de los procesos v i vidosen esas urbes y en su entorno geográfico entre 1870 y 1914. Alude también a la aparición de ágiles grupos empresariales dedicados a la industria fabril, la minería y la banca, destaca la significación que asumióla metalurgia pesada, menciona la fluida absorción de tecnología proveniente de sociedades avanzadas y recuerda la trascendencia que tuvo la sociedad anónima para la transferencia de capitales a la producción engran escala.
As empresas de energia e o consumo doméstico de gás em São Paulo no início do século XX
Authors: Maximo da Silva João Luiz
Published: March 2021

Este artigo procura identificar alguns impactos produzidos no início do século XX pela introdução de tecnologias do gás no espaço doméstico. A trajetória das empresas de energia é delineada juntamente com o processo de crescimento e urbanização da cidade de São Paulo.
Transición al modelo restaurativo del sistema penal adolescente: implicancia y aplicabilidad
Authors: Villalba Bogado Lorena Gissel , Morel Martínez Adam
Published: March 2021

El propósito de esta investigación es analizar las diversas aristas del Modelo Restaurativo dentro de la Justicia Penal Juvenil. Tal abordaje resulta necesario debido a la importancia que conlleva el conocimiento del instituto dentro de la práctica jurídica del Abogado. Esta tarea fue conseguida a través de la revisión bibliográfica y la comprensión personal de la figura estudiada. El análisis busca esclarecer las dudas con respecto al tema de estudio y su inserción en la legislación paraguaya. Con la inclusión de un modelo restaurativo lo que se busca es resarcir el daño causado por el infractor, haciendo hincapié en las necesidades del autor, la víctima y la sociedad, no solamente en la sanción, sino también restaurando la armonía en la sociedad.
Sovereign Debt Restructuring: A Modest Proposal
Authors: Ellis Colin
Published: March 2021

Many sovereigns, including weaker credits, have taken on substantial debt during the COVID-19 pandemic. This raises the prospect of future defaults and sovereign restructurings, which will be informed by debt-sustainability analysis. But when analyzing notable recent sovereign defaults, we find a pattern of serially correlated errors: the analysis at the time of the restructuring is too optimistic about future sovereign debt dynamics. In light of this, I propose that future sustainability analysis should be based on more pessimistic expectations. In turn, this implies that sovereign creditors should face larger losses in future restructurings.
Remineralization of a Dystric Ferralsol Using Basalt and Tephra Dusts, Effective Microorganisms Manure and NPK 20-10-10 for Radish (Raphanus sativus) Production in Bamougoum (Cameroon Western Highlands)
Authors: Wotchoko Pierre , Tamfuh Primus Azinwi , Tita Margaret Awah , Magha Alice , Wonyi Glory Anonchuh , Tabi Fritz Oben , Bitom Dieudonné
Published: March 2021

This paper studies the effect of basalt and tephra dusts, as alternatives to chemical fertilizers, on soil fertility and Radish (Raphanus sativus) production. The experiment was conducted in the field and in the laboratory in the years 2017 and 2018 on two separate plots so as to annul residual effects of fertilizers). The experimental design in the field was a randomized complete block design (56 m2 ), including five treatments and three replications: control (T0), basalt dust (T1), tephra dust (T2), effective micro-organism (EM) fertilizer (T3) and NPK 20-10-10 (T4). The main results show the following decreasing trend based on yield: T1>T3>T0>T4>T2. The best yields appear in T1 and T3 probably because they supplied the highest levels of soil nutrients to match the needs of the crops. Although T2 plants performed poorly, soil properties like pH.H2O (6.14 to 6.49), sum of exchangeable bases, base saturation, available phosphorus and cation balance were improved after tephra treatment. T2 plants might have performed poorly due to intrinsic properties of the tephra dust like low availability of trace elements compared to T1 and T3. T4 plants show the highest number of leaves, leaf area index and plant height. The Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn levels in bulbs and leaves will not pose danger of toxicity to human upon consumption and could serve as nutrient supplement for children and expectant mothers. The most profitable treatment is T1 permitting to recommend the popularization of basalt dust for radish cultivation as an alternative to chemical fertilizers.
Interspecific Variation and Phylogenic Architecture of Pinus densata and the Hybrid of Pinus tabuliformis×Pinus Yunnanensis in the Pinus densata Habitat: an Electrical Impedance Spectra Perspective
Authors: Ma Fengxiang , Chen Xiaoyang , Li Yue
Published: March 2021

We evaluated a novel and non-destructive method of the electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to elucidate the genetic and evolutionary relationship of homoploid hybrid conifer of Pinus densata (P.d) and its parental species Pinus tabuliformis (P.t) and Pinus yunnanensis (P.y), as well as the artificial hybrids of the P.t and P.y. Field common garden tests of96 trees sampled from 760 seedlings and 480 EIS records of 1,440 needles assessed the interspecific variation of the P.d, P.t, P.y and the artificial hybrids. We found that (1) EIS at different frequencies diverged significantly among germplasms; P.y was the highest, P.t was the lowest, and their artificial hybrids were within the range of P.t and P.y; (2) maternal species effect of EIS magnitudes in the hybrids and P.d was stronger than the paternal species characteristics; (3)EIS of the artificial hybrid confirmed the mid-parent and partial maternal species characteristics;(4) unified exponential model of EIS for the interspecific and hybrids can be constructed as |Z|=Af -B; (5) cluster analysis for species and hybrid combinations in total corroborated with the previous hybrid model of Pinus densata. Our non-destructive EIS method complemented the previous finding that Pinus densata was originated from P.t and P.y. We conclude that the impedance would be a viable indicator to investigate the interspecific genetic variations of conifers.
Osteoporosis and lifestyle medicine
Authors: Arjun Bharat Mahadik  , Ashok Bhimrao Giri  , Akshay Sonaji Bhambre  , Swapnil Ashok Mundhe  , Ramdas D. Shinde
Published: March 2021

Osteoporosis is a major public health threat in this 21st century. It has high prevalence among postmenopausal women & elder patients (age > 60 years). It is a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength and suffer having greater chances of fractures. Osteoporosis is a condition where bones became weak & brittle that may increase chances of fracture in the patients. According to the WHO criteria, osteoporosis is defined as a bone mineral density (BMD) that lies 2.5 standard deviations or more below the average value for young healthy women (a T-score of <-2.5 SD). Osteoporosis is occurs due to too much bone mineral density is decreased that results into the changes in the structure of bone. Etiological factors includes advanced age, sex (women > male), sedentary lifestyle, minimal/ absence of sun exposure, smoking, alcohol consumption, hormonal imbalance and disease conditions such as diabetes, malignancies (multiple myeloma, lymphoma, leukemia). The diagnosis of condition must be confirmed by using spine dual energy X- ray absorptiometry (DXA) with WHO T-score thresholds. Osteopenia or low bone mass is having T-score of –1 to -2.4 & on the basis of T score, it will be classified in to two types that is primary and secondary osteoporosis. Primary osteoporosis more common in disease such as postmenopausal osteoporosis (type1) and senile osteoporosis (type2). It has severe morbid consequences, the prevention and management of this condition and associated fractures is considered to the essential to the maintenance of health status or quality of life (QoL) of patient. Patient can prevent to suffer from this condition by applying various tools of lifestyle medicines i.e. staying physically active or doing weight bearing exercises. Smoking cessation, moderate alcohol consumption are also became major approaches to manage or prevent occurrence of condition. Nutritious diet rich in calcium, vitamin D, Vitamin A, Vitamin C and other nutrition also play a key role in the management or prevention of disease.
Obstetric factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy in a primary health center in south-south Nigeria
Authors: Ndukwu Geraldine  , Dienye Paul  , Adesokun Bolanle
Published: March 2021

Anaemia has been reported as one of the commonest medical complications associated with pregnancy in the developing countries. It increases maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality significantly. In Nigeria, maternal anaemia usually predates the period of pregnancy in the life of most of the mothers. These women succumb to early unprepared marriage, give birth to many children with poor child spacing and due to poverty and ignorance they book late for antenatal. This study determines the obstetric factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy in a primary health centre in Port Harcourt in order to create awareness on maternal anaemia and the need to institute preventive and therapeutic measures. Methods: This is a cross-sectional; hospital- based study. A total of two hundred and twenty-seven pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic were enrolled into the study at booking in a primary health centre. Data was collected by administrating questionnaires. Blood sample was collected for haemoglobin estimation. Means were compared using z-test and statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results: Out of the 227, 111(48.9%) were primigravida, most of whom were anaemic (65.8%). Majority of the women booked in the second trimester 135 (59.3%) and those that booked at the third trimester were more anaemic (70.9%). Pregnant women with birth interval of <1(66.7) and > 4years (78.6%) were mostly anaemic Conclusion: Anaemia in pregnancy especially for those living in developing countries can be reduced if women are educated on the need for proper nutrition before pregnancy and on early ante-natal booking.
Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Cola nitida seed on selected bacterial isolates
Authors: Dantani Dauda Odonye͙͙͙͙͙  , Peter Uteh Upla  , Adegbe Lucy Ladi  , Enoch Peter Odonye  , Abisabo Adamu  , Peter Adikwu  , Mary Isaac Tsaku  , Usman Ibrahim Okposhi  , Naja’atu Shehu Hadi  , Fatima Yusuf Al-Mustapha
Published: March 2021

Kola nut (Cola nitida) is chewed in many West African cultures and it is used ceremonially, industrially, medicinally and economically. The aim of this study was to assess the phytochemical properties and antibacterial activity of Cola nitida seeds. The seeds were purchased, dried and then powdered for phytochemical screening and extraction. Ethanol and aqueous (hot water) extracts were used for this study. The antibacterial activity of each extract at 30 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml was tested on four bacterial isolates; Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. The results revealed the presence of various potent phytochemicals such as alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids and glycosides. The zones of inhibition ranged from 0.0 mm to 28.0 mm for both concentrations of the ethanol extract and from 0.0 mm to 31.0 mm for both concentrations of the aqueous extract. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ranged from 7.5 mg/ml to 30.0 mg/ml for the ethanol extract and 3.75 mg/ml to 30.0 mg/ml for the aqueous extract. No minimum bactericidal concentration was recorded. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed on the data showed that there were significant differences in the zones of inhibition for each concentration of the extracts (P<0.05). The purified extract of Cola nitida seeds can be used to treat infections caused by these selected bacterial species.
Studies on the role of homobrassinolide on the metabolites in turmeric leaves
Authors: G Rajesh  , B Vidya Vardhini
Published: March 2021

The effect of homobrassinolide (HBL) sprayed in four different concentrations viz., viz., 0.5µM, 1.0µM, 2.0µM, and 3.0µM on the metabolites viz., chlorophyll pigments, carbohydrate fractions (reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, total sugars and starch) and soluble proteins present in turmeric plants grown in the semi-arid tropics of Nizamabad was studied. The soil of Nizamabad is known to posses high concentrations of salt and the place is usually a semi-arid tropical area where the crops are prone to drought and salt stresses and foliar application of HBL is to ameliorate these stresses and improve the metabolites of turmeric plant. All the four concentrations of HBL played a very positive role in ameliorating the saline stress and enhanced the metabolite contents viz., chlorophyll pigments, carbohydrate fractions (reducing sugars, total sugars, total sugars and starch), and soluble proteins in turmeric plants. HBL at 3.0μM was found most effective in increasing chlorophyll pigments, carbohydrates and soluble proteins compared to the other treatments as well as control plants.
Audit on induction time delays in operating room at Kibogora District Hospital: A quality improvement project
Authors: Jean Claude Uwimana
Published: March 2021

Background: Induction time delays in Operating room (OR) is an issue that affects the productivity of an operating unit especially in a setting with limited resources. It can also results in providing inappropriate services to the patients and their families. The aim of this study was to determine the causes of induction time delays and to propose solutions on how to avoid the reasons of delays. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted. It focused on elective general surgeries and orthopedic surgeries as they were mainly being performed during the study period. The data on the type of operation, the type of anesthesia, delay or no delay of induction (DOI) of anesthesia, causes of DOI were collected. DOI was considered as the time between the previous patient out of the OR and the next one in of more than 30 minutes. Emergency surgeries and elective obstetric surgeries were excluded from the study. Results: 24.8% of surgeries were done after delays of induction of anesthesia as opposed to 75.2% surgeries for which anesthesia was induced without delay. 48.6% of delays of induction to anesthesia were due to the hospital issues followed by anesthesia provision related issues. (40.0%). The surgery related and patient related issues accounted each one 5.7%. Conclusions: There was a high rate of surgeries that had delays in induction times. The OR managers need to work more with the hospital administration and the OR team to correct causes of delays.