bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kegunaan Zeolit Termodifikasi sebagai Penyerap Anion
Authors: Arnelli Arnelli , Hermawati Lucia , Ismaryata Ismaryata
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang kegunaan zeolit alam yang dimodifikasi untuk penyerap anion dengan tujuan untuk mempelajari alternatif lain penggunaan zeolit selain sebagai penukar kation. Zeolit alam terlebih dahulu dimodifikasi dengan cara mencuci dengan asam dan dipanaskan, kemudian direndam di dalam larutan NH4NO3 dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 550°C, zeolit ini siap digunakan sebagai penyerap anion (Cl-, NO2-, NO3- dan CN-). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Cl-, NO2-, NO3- dan CN- yang terserap masing-masing adalah 75%, 78%, 77% dan 81%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah zeolit hasil modifikasi dapat digunakan untuk penyerap anion
Karakterisasi Enzim Penisilin Asilase dari Eschericia Coli B-130
Authors: Mulyani Nies Suci
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan karakterisasi enzim penisilin asilase hasil isolasi dari Eschericia coli B-130. Karakterisasi meliputi pH optimum, temperatur optimum, tetapan Michaelis Menten (Km), kecepatan maksimum (Vm). Aktivitas enzim penisilin asilase ditentukan dengan metode Kornfeld pada λ 538 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH optimum = 7,5, temperatur optimum 55°C, tetapan Michaelis Menten (Km) = 0,86 μM kecepatan reaksi maksimum (Vm) untuk pembentukan produk 6-APA sebesar 147 μmol/mL enzim B-130
α-Amylase Inhibition Activities by Flavonoid Compounds from Panda Plants (Kalanchoe tomentosa)
Authors: Aisyah Lilis Siti , Ilfani Delia , Lestari Faridia Puspita , Yun Yenny Febriani
Published: April 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major health problems. One way to deal with diabetes mellitus is by inhibiting the work of enzymes that hydrolyze carbohydrates, thereby reducing glucose absorption. The enzyme that plays a role in the breakdown of starch into simple sugars is the α-amylase. The genus Kalanchoe or Panda plant has been widely reported to contain a variety of secondary metabolites that have several activities such as antimalarial, antibacterial, antidiabetic, and anticancer potential. This study aims to isolate, determine the chemical structure, and test the inhibitory activity of α-amylase from the ethyl acetate fraction of K. tomentosa leaves. The isolation stage began with the maceration process with n-hexane and fractionated with ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate extract was refracted using a gradient liquid vacuum chromatography (KCV) method (n-hexane: ethyl acetate: methanol). Repeated gravity columns separated the fraction of KCV results and preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC-P) to obtain isolate pure. Isolate pure was characterized using several spectroscopic methods, including UV-Vis, IR, NMR. Determination of the structure of the compound against isolate pure shows that this isolate is a 3,7,4’-trihydroxyflavonol or kaempferol compound. The results of the test activity of 3,7,4’-trihydroxyflavonol compounds in inhibiting the enzyme α-amylase in vitro showed an IC50 value of 346 µU/mL. The results obtained indicate that the IC50 value is higher than that of the Acarbose, which was 39.3 µU/mL.
Studi Pengaruh Penggunaan Asam Laktat dari Sauerkraut sebagai Bahan Pengawet terhadap Kandungan Protein dan Lemak Total Udang Werus (Metapenaeus monoceros) selama Penyimpanan
Authors: Pura T Bonaventura , Soeida Soeid Nurul Lailana
Published: April 2020

Asam laktat yang terkandung dalam sauerkraut telah diujikan pada udang werus (Metapenaeus monoceros) sebagai bahan pengawet dengan konsentrasi 0,02 M dan masa penyimpanan 0-8 jam. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengamatan terhadap kandungan protein dan lemak total udang werus. Metode yang digunakan adalah kjeldahl untuk analisa protein dan ekstraksi padat cair (ekstraksi soklet) untuk analisa lemak total. Hasil analisa pada 8 jam penyimpanan menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan asam laktat kandungan protein mengalami penurunan sebesar 45,46% sedangkan tanpa penambahan asam laktat mengalami penurunan sebesar 59,23%. Kandungan lemak total dengan penambahan asam laktat turun sebesar 84,03% sedangkan tanpa penambahan asam laktat turun sebesar 84,15%. Dari hasil tersebut di atas tampak bahwa asam laktat sebagai bahan pengawet berpengaruh terhadap kandungan protein dan lemak total udang werus. Asam laktat bersifat antimikroba terhadap bakteri-bakteri pembusuk pada udang werus sehingga protein dan lemak total yang terurai/terhidrolisis lebih kecil dibandingkan apabila tanpa ditambalikan asam laktat.
Pemanfaatan Energi Hasil Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Tahu
Authors: Djarwati Djarwati , Sartamtomo Sartamtomo , Sukani Sukani
Published: April 2020

Gas yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan limbah cair industri tahu ditampung dengan suatu prototip penampungan gas. Diketahui bahwa laju produksi metan dalam gas bio adalah 284,88 liter per kg COD terolah atau setara dengan 28,06 liter gas metan per kg kedelai. Kalori yang dihasilkan adalah sekitar 2,536 Kkal per kg COD atau 0,249 Kkal per kg kedelai. Data dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu acuan untuk mendesain IPAL dan penampung gas bio sesuai dengan kapasitas limbah tahu yang diolah.
Proses Reaktif Antioksidan dalam Polipropilen
Authors: Suharty Neng Sri
Published: April 2020

Proses reaktif adalah suatu reaksi kimia antioksidan reaktif terhadap polipropilen (PP) yang dilakukan pada suhu lelehnya dibantu inisiator 2,5-dimetil 2,5-di-tertiaributilperoksi heksan (Trigonox 101) baik mempergunakan koagen atau tidak. Proses reaktif dapat meningkatkan efisiensi ikatan reaktif antioksidan terhadap PP. 4-akriloiloksi-2,2,6,6-tetra metil piperidin (AOTP) dan 1-akriloil-4-akriloiloksi-2,2,6,6-tetra metii piperidin (AATP) masing-masing mampu mencapai efisiensi ikatan 50 dan 100%. Pemakaian koagent Tri-metilol propan tri-akrilat (Tris) akan lebih meningkatkan efisiensi ikatan antioksidan. Masterbat PP diproses secara reaktif yang komposisi antioksidan nya 3,5-di-tert.-butil- 4-hidroksi benzil akrilat (DBBAy2-hidroksi-4-(beta akrilat etoksi) benzophenon (HAEB)/Tris dengan ratio berat 216/2 memberikan aktifitas penstabil UV yang tinggi baik sebelum maupun sesudah ekstraksi, dibandingkan dengan stabiliser komersial yang lain
Profil Pertukaran Ion Zeolit Cikalong Termodifikasi-Na pada Pengambilan Ion Cu2+ dari Larutannya
Authors: Widodo Didik Setiyo , Sugiharto Eko , Wahyuni Endang Tri
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan pengujian pertukaran kation Na+ pada zeolit alam termodifikasi terhadap ion Cu2+ dalam larutan. Kajian dilakukan dengan cara mempertukarkan ion Na+ dalam zeolit dengan ion Cu2+ dengan cara batch. Dipelajari juga pengaruh keberadaan ion Mn2+dan Ni2+ terhadap kemampuan zeolit dalam mengambil Iogam tersebut. Konsentrasi ion-ion logam sebelum dan sesudah analisis ditentukan dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom. Data penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zeolit alam asal Cikalong yang telah dimodifikasi memiliki kemampuan dalam mengambil ion logam Cu dan kapasitas ini mengindikasikan karakter zeolit yang selektif terhadap ion yang diujikan. Keberadaan ion logam lain dalam larutan sampel tidak mempengaruhi selektivitas tersebut kecuali hanya menurunkan jumlah ion logam yang terambil. Na-zeolit mampu mempertukarkan kation Cu2+  sampai 60,36% dalam keadaan sendiri dan 39,34% dalam keadaan bersama kation logam lain selama pertukaran.
Optimasi Waktu Destilasi Uap dan Identifikasi Komponen Minyak Kulit Jeruk Siam (Citrus Nobilis L.)
Authors: Fachriyah Enny , Sumardjo Damin , Kurnia Any
Published: April 2020

Aroma jeruk banyak digunakan dalam berbagai produk makanan, minuman, kosmetika dan farmasi. Aroma jeruk alami berasal dari minyak atsiri, mudah diperoleh dari kulit buah jeruk. Salah satu jeruk yang banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai minuman adalah jeruk Siam. Sisa pembuatan minuman jeruk dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai penghasil minyak atsiri. Isolasi minyak atsiri dari kulit jeruk siam (Citrus nobilis L) telah dilakukan dengan metode distilasi uap. Waktu distilasi divariasi untuk menentukan waktu optimum. Selanjutnya ditentukan rendemen minyak yang diperoleh, indeks bias dan berat jenis. Komponen minyak kulit jeruk Siam diidentifikasi dengan GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu optimum untuk distilasi minyak kulit jeruk Siam adalah 4 jam dengan rendemen 1,234%. Indeks bias minyak pada 20°C sebesar 1,4705 dan berat jenis pada 25°C sebesar 0,8339. Data GC-MS menunjukkan dalam minyak kulit jeruk Siam terdapat lima komponen yang berhasil diidentifikasi yakni α-pinen, β-pinen, mirsen, limonen dan linalool.
Dimerisasi Metilisoeugenol dengan Katalis HCl
Authors: Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana , Soelistyowati Retno Dwi , Sastrohamidjojo Hardjono
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan reaksi adisi terhadap metilisoeugenol dengan HCl dalam pelarut CCl4, CH2Cl2, CH3OH, CH3CH2OH dan tanpa pelarut. Metilisoeugenol merupakan hasil isomerisasi metileugenol. Reaksi adisi metilisoeugenol dengan HCl dilakukan dengan mengalirkan gas HCl ke dalam metilisoeugenol sambil diaduk selama 3 jam. Reaksi adisi dilakukan pada suhu 15 oC. Pemurnian terhadap hasil reaksi menghasilkan endapan putih kecoklatan. Analisis menggunakan spektrofotometer IR, spektrometer 1H-NMR dan kromatografi gas-spektrometer massa terhadap hasil tersebut memberikan keterangan bahwa senyawa utama yang dihasilkan adalah senyawa dimer metilisoeugenol yaitu 9,10-dietil-2,3,6,7-tetrametoksi-9,10-dihidroantrasena.
Sintesis Senyawa 3-Metoksi-4-Iiidroksikalkon dengan Bahan Awal Vanilin dan Asetofenon
Authors: Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Madiyono Madiyono , Cahyono Bambang
Published: April 2020

Sintesis senyawa 3-metoksi-4-hidroksikalkon dengan bahan awal vanilin dan asetofenon lelah dilakukan dengan metode Kohler-Chadwell yang dimodifikasi. Reaksi dilakukan dalam suasana basa pekat berdasarkan mekanisme Claisen-Schmidt. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa transformasi menghasilkan produk murni yang dapat dipisahkan setelah dilakukan reaksi dalam NaOH 60% pada keadaan suhu optimum 70°C selama 1,5 jam. Produksi murni yang dihasilkan sebesar 77,11%.
Penentuan Aktivitas Spesifik Heksokinase dari Limbah Anggur Pisang Biji
Authors: Wuryanti Wuryanti , Indriani Ining , Agustina Debora
Published: April 2020

Heksokinase termasuk enzim yang berperan dalam mengkatalisis transfer gugus fosfat dari adenosin tri fosfat ke glukosa dengan melepaskan satu hidrogen sebagai asam. Penentuan aktivitas spesifik heksokinase dari limbah anggur pisang biji telah dilakukan. Unit aktivitas heksokinase ditentukan dengan metode Wajzer, kandungan protein ditentukan dengan metode Lowry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kasar heksokinase mempunyai aktivitas spesifik 270,48. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas spesifik ekstrak kasar tersebut lebih tinggi dari pada ekstrak kasar limbah industri alkohol.
Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Katalis Nikel pada Padatan Pendukung Zeolit
Authors: Suseno Ahmad , Khanif Muhammad , Wijayanto Wahyu , Hastuti Rum
Published: April 2020

Pembuatan katalis Ni-Zeolit telah dilakukan dengan cara pertukaran ion larutan nikel nitrat pada padatan pendukung zeolit alam.Karakterisasi katalis dilakukan dengan AAS yang bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan logam. Sifat keasaman permukaan padatan katalis dtentukan melalui adsorpsi gas ammonia secara grafimetri dan spektroskopi IR. Kajian dilakukan terhadap hubungan antara beberapa parameter diantaranya konsentrasi larutan ion ammonium, kondisi reduksi pada proses pembuatan katalis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa logam Ni berhasil dimasukkan pada padatan zeolit dengan konsentrasi ion amonium 2,0 M dan temperatur reduksi 400 oC mampu menukarkan logam nikel terbanyak serta menghasilkan tingkat keasaman katalis tertinggi.
Kajian Termodinamika Penyerapan Zat Warna Indikator Metil Oranye (MO) dalam Larutan Air oleh Adsorben Kitosan
Authors: Mahatmanti F. Widhi , Sumarni Woro
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian pada kitosan sebagai adsorben. Adsorben tersebut digunakan untuk mengadsorpsi zat warna indikator Metil Oranye (MO) dalam larutan air. Parameter yang mempengaruhi adsorpsi yaitu energi dan kapasitas adsorpsi dipelajari.Penelitian diawali dengan identifikasi gugus fungsional yang terdapat pada kitosan secara spektrofotometri Infra Merah. Model Isoterm Adsorpsi Langmuir digunakan untuk menetapkan kapasitas dan energi adsorpsi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas adsorpsi Metil Oranye pada adsorben kitosan adalah sebesar 8,9839 x 10-5 mol/gram kitosan, dan energi adsorpsi adalah 35,8783 KJ/mol.
Manfaat Surfaktan dalam Proses Pewarnaan Tekstil
Authors: Arnelli Arnelli , Nugraheni Wahyu Widi
Published: April 2020

ABS (Alkil Benzen Sulfonat) telah digunakan dalam proses pewarnaan serat poliester dengan zat warna dispersi. ABS berfungsi untuk membantu penyebaran zat warna pada serat sehingga dihasilkan warna yang merata pada kain.Prinsip yang digunakan pada proses ini adalah solubilisasi, surfaktan dapat melarutkan zat organik, pelarutan ini terjadi dalam misel, selanjutnya misel akan teradsorpsi pada permukaan kain dan zat warna dapat berpenetrasi pada kain.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ABS lebih baik digunakan dalam proses pewarnaan dari zat pembantu standard DPLSNKata kunci: Surfaktan, pewarnaan, solubilisasi
Uji Efektivitas Natrium Fosfat sebagai Inhibitor pada Korosi Baja Tulangan Beton
Authors: Fardhyanti Dewi Selvia
Published: April 2020

Baja tulangan merupakan penguat struktur beton bertulang sehingga selimut beton dapat berfungsi sebagai pelindung baja terhadap serangan korosi oleh lingkungan penggunaan. Lingkungan beton yang alkalis (pH=12-13) akan memberikan proteksi korosi yang sangat baik terhadap baja tulangan dengan membentuk selaput pasif yang terdiri dari senyawa-senyawa besi-oksida (Fe3O4/-Fe2O3) atau hidroksida (FeOOH) di permukaan baja tulangan.Penetrasi gas CO2 dan ion klorida dari lingkungan penggunaan dapat menurunkan pH beton dan melarutkan selaput pasif secara setempat sehingga baja akan terkorosi dan menggagalkan pasivasi Natrium fosfat yang dikenal sebagai inhibitor pasivator untuk baja, telah diuji efektivitas inhibisinya dalam larutan Ca(OH)2 jenuh yang ditambah NaCl dan NaHCO3, mewakili lingkungan beton terkontaminasi, menggunakan metode EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy).Uji efektivitas inhibisi natrium fosfat menggunakan metode EIS dalam larutan pori beton artifisial terkontaminasi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sebanyak 50 ppm mampu membentuk lapisan pelindung dengan efektivitas inhibisi mencapai 94,4 %.
In silico identification, characterization and expression profile of WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) gene family in Vanilla planifolia
Authors: Victorathisayam Thiveyarajan , Kanchan Madhvi , Himani ` , Suriyanarayanan Thandullu R. , Sembi Jaspreet K. , Ramkumar Thakku R.
Published: April 2020

Vanilla planifolia is an economically important orchid, which is being commercially exploited by the food industry for the highly valued secondary metabolite vanillin. WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) gene family encodes for WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) transcription factors that participate in embryogenesis, organogenesis and florigenesis and in diverse plant developmental processes as well. In the present study, we analysed V. planifolia transcriptome and identified 6 WOX (VpWOX) transcripts, that encode putative WOX (VpWOX) transcription factor proteins. Domain analysis was done which indicates the presence of helix-loop-helix-turn-helix which is identifying feature of WOX gene family proteins. We executed phylogenetic clustering for the VpWOX proteins with their counterpart from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (AtWOX) and other closely related orchid species, Phalaenopsis equestris (PeWOX), Dendrobium catenatum (DcWOX) and Apostasia shenzhenica (AsWOX) and established their clade specific grouping. Spatio-temporal expression profile for VpWOX genes was analysed for different plant developmental stages which shows that VpWOX13 is expressing uniformly in all the developmental stages whereas, other genes have tissue specific expression. Based on gene expression patterns, we selected four VpWOX proteins and carried out secondary and tertiary structural analysis which indicates the presence of alpha helix and beta turn in the protein structure. The present study provides basic understanding of the functioning of WOX gene family in V. planifolia and paves the path for functional characterization of selected VpWOX genes in planta and in heterologous system in future for commercial utilization.
DO OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AFFECT REVENUE EARNINGS OF CASSAVA PROCESSORS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA?
Authors: Ndubueze-Ogaraku Mercy Ebere , Ezeala Obinna Darlington , Omasanuwa Zelda Anne
Published: April 2020

Farming and food processing have been described as one of the most hazardous activities especially in developing countries. The associated hazards have the potential to affect revenue earned by the workers in the agriculture sector. The study was aimed at investigating whether occupational hazards affect revenue earned by cassava processors in Rivers State, Nigeria. Specifically processing activities, occupational hazards and safety measures adopted by the processors were identified. Effects of occupational hazards on revenue earnings of the cassava processors were determined. 25 respondents were randomly selected from four communities in Obio/Akpor and Etche Local Government Areas making a total of 100 respondents. Data were collected with the use of questionnaire administered to the 100 respondents. Results of the study showed that women dominated cassava processing enterprise with the mean age of 43 years. The majority (37.4%) processed cassava into garri while 32 per cent processed cassava into garri and fufu products. Inhalation of smoke ranked highest among the occupational hazard identified. The regression analysis result showed that cost of cassava, the quantity of cassava tuber and quantity of fufu had a positive influence on revenue earned by the processors at 1% significant level each. However, the quantity of garri produced showed a negative relationship with the revenue earned by the processors at 1% significant level. Occupational hazard did not show a significant effect on the amount of revenue earned by cassava processors. It is recommended that management should re-enforce the use of personal protective equipment by all workers to reduce occupational risks and hazards in cassava processing firms.
Lifestyles of Intellectually Disabled Adults
Authors: Bąbka Jarosław
Published: April 2020

Jarosław Bąbka, Lifestyles of Intellectually Disabled Adults. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 26, Poznań 2019. Pp. 217–235. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.14746/ikps.2019.26.10

The purpose of the paper is to show lifestyles of intellectually handicapped adults in the context of the Andrzej Siciński concept. The paper presents the results of research carried out following the interpretive trend, in the hermeneutic-phenomenological perspective, using the dialogue method. The study shows that the disabled manifest habits indicating a blocked, withdrawal as well as a here-and-now-oriented style. The analysed persons exhibited a searching style only in a small extent. There were no statements indicating a change-oriented style. The respondents adapted passively to the conditions of their lives, they were reluctant to speak about the future and about the need to change something in their own lives. The analysis and interpretation of the research results revealed three incompatible areas: (1) culture patterns (the way of thinking, norms of functioning in a particular community), (2) resources of their environment, and (3) resources of an individual, which explains why the lifestyles of intellectually handicapped people analysed in the study were oriented towards passive adaptation rather than to development and changes.
My adult son, my adult daughter – reflections of mothers of children with profound intellectual disabilities
Authors: Aksamit Diana , Marcinkowska Barbara
Published: April 2020

Diana Aksamit, Barbara Marcinkowska, My adult son, my adult daughter – reflec-tions of mothers of children with profound intellectual disabilities. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 26, Poznań 2019. Pp. 255–269. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.26.12

Everyone has the right to participate in society, regardless of his or her current personal situation, level of psychosocial functioning or experience. No reason can justify marginalisation or exclusion of people from social life at any stage of their lives. The aim of the article is an attempt to characterise the adulthood of people with profound intellectual disabilities on the basis of subjective assessment of their mothers. The methodology applied was that of a qualitative research, where the main research technique was narrative interviews. The results of the research demonstrate that adulthood is the stage of life when people with profound intellectual disabilities and their caregivers require special support in mental, spiritual, social, societal and educational dimensions.
The perception of people with a physical disability towards those with a different kind of disability
Authors: Skura Monika
Published: April 2020

Difficulties resulting from the social perception of people with disabilities, and the personal assessment of their own disability are important for her/his relationship with other people. Therefore, it is worth asking what the perceptions are, of those who experience psychosocial effects due to their physical disability, towards people with intellectual disabilities, hearing impairments, visual impairments, mental illnesses, as well as their own physically disabled group. To analyse the perception of people with a physical disability, the study explores three areas: the acceptance or rejection of society’s stigmatization towards persons with disabilities; integrative versus separative social orientations of people with physical disability; social preferences of people with physical disability regarding other disabled people. The research sample consisted of 75 people with physical disabilities, who suffer from damage to the locomotor system. The data was collected using a questionnaire The findings highlight that the response from those who were physically disabled agreed with the opinions of general society, not only with the issue of promoting integrated solutions and offering assistance, but also having the same preferences and opinions about specific types of disability. However, their perception regarding their own group was noticeably different from that of general society.
Selected Problems of Generating Apposition Groups in Old Polish
Authors: Zbróg Piotr
Published: April 2020

The subject of interest in this chapter is the concepts of creating apposition groups that appear in the literature on the subject, e.g. zbawiciel Jesus, dziewica Maryja, matka jego, słudze Bryjidzie. Opposing theories on this topic indicated on the one hand that apposition was an element added to the parent unit, and on the other hand, that apposition was the effect of transforming the deep structure into surface constructs. These approaches were, usually intuitive, reflected by language courts describing the title expressions since the beginning of the 19th century. In this study, they were traced and proved the dominance of opinions about the syntactic starting point in the derivative of apposition. In addition, other aspects of the characteristics of the groups of positions are discussed, placing them in the basic dichotomy of the derivation of positions.
Acquisition of Noun Inflection in Lithuanian as a Foreign Language: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Dubasava Anzhalika
Published: April 2020

The aim of the research was to investigate how native speakers of Russian, which is a highly complex inflectional language, cope with the acquisition of the similar by structure and complexity Lithuanian language. The subjects were adults of different age and education who learned Lithuanian in Belarus. I analyse errors related to the acquisition of noun case. The errors are divided into formal (acquisition of endings) and conceptual ones (choice of the appropriate case). I shortly compare my results with the results of similar research conducted in Lithuania where the subjects were native speakers of different languages.The results of the study show that similar errors are typical for native speakers of different languages irrespective of their morphological complexity. A complex inflectional system of a native language is not necessarily beneficial, but it seems to give some advantages for the acquisition of semantic (not syntactic) cases.
Landnahme capitalista y acumulación por desposesión en el conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Villarraga Fabián
Published: April 2020

En las últimas décadas los conflictos desencadenados por procesos de expansión del sistema capitalista a escala planetaria han estado en el centro de la discusión académica, generando una irrupción de diversas miradas acerca de dicho proceso y su consiguiente conflictividad. La llamada acumulación originaria ha sido el “punto de partida” y eje central de dicho debate que como proceso social que expresa mecanismos violentos de despojo en el surgimiento del modo de producción capitalista, se ha mantenido a través del tiempo. El artículo hace un recuento de dicha discusión para dar cuenta del entramado teórico los nuevos planteamientos sobre la expansión capitalista y sus prácticas predatorias relacionándolas con el conflicto social desatado en territorios en los que dichas prácticas se despliegan. En el artículo se insiste en la relación estrecha entre el despojo violento y la lucha de clases como fundamental para el entendimiento del proceso de expansión y consolidación del sistema capitalista. A partir de allí se hace un acercamiento al conflicto social armado colombiano como un caso paradigmático de la continuidad de procesos expropiatorios violentos en la consolidación del capitalismo colombiano y el papel central que cumple las disputas por el poder político en dicho proceso.
Formación de clases y conflicto social en el sistema previsional chileno: mecanismos de acumulación capitalista y desafíos para la democracia
Authors: Ruiz Felipe
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo se enfoca en una específica y poco estudiada dinámica de conformación de clases sociales en Chile, a saber, aquel proceso ocurrido al alero del sistema previsional privatizado. Para ello se analiza el papel que los fondos de pensiones privatizados han jugado en la acumulación capitalista en Chile, elemento que se relaciona con la creciente hegemonía que cobran las finanzas en los cursos de acumulación capitalista de la economía global. A partir de ello se propone una caracterización de las Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones (AFP) como una fracción de la clase empresarial de Chile, retomando aportes del pensamiento social de orientación marxista. Se concluye ofreciendo una mirada panorámica sobre los desafíos que tales dinámicas han impreso sobre el carácter y sentidos de la democracia en Chile y América Latina.
My Fourth Pandemic
Authors: Tatochenko Vladimir K.
Published: April 2020

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testo protocollo v1
Authors: Wendorf Georg
Published: April 2020

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Employability Skills in Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET)
Authors: Nugraha Hari Din , Kencanasari R. A. Vesitara , Komari Reni Nuril , Kasda Kasda
Published: April 2020

Employability skills should be a necessity for every TVET graduate. The need for the employability skills is very important in order to prepare TVET graduates in entering the labor market. The purpose of this study is: (1) to verify indicators of employability skills needed by TVET graduates and, (2) to produce proposals for employability skills frameworks for TVET graduates. This article reviews various relevant literature in order to explore the needs of appropriate employability skills. The results of the literature review show the employabilty skills needed by TVET sorted according to rank, namely; Social Skills, Knowledge in the Field of Engineering, Communication Skills, Information and Technology Skills, Management Skills, Creative and Innovative, Problem Solving and Critical Thinking. The implications of this literature review provide information and recommend a set of frameworks for academics to improve the employability skills of TVET graduates.
M.G. DIKANSKY - ATTEMPT OF BIOGRAPHY
Authors: Bondarev Anton Georgievich , Filippov Vasily Dmitrievich
Published: April 2020

The article considers some priorities in todays presentation of the history of the emergence of urban science in pre-revolutionary Russia. The author made an attempt consistently identify misconceptions and misunderstandings that accompany the description of the personality of the brightest, but also the most unknown representative from the galaxy of pioneers of the theory of urban planning in Russia, Mikhail Grigoryevich Dikansky. Using previously established facts, newly opened archival materials and Dikanskys works, the author formulates Dikanskys biography. Some of the materials, including Dikanskys article City Plan and Housing Problem, which has not lost its relevance to present day, are first published in modern scientific literature.
STAIRS. TO THE QUESTION ABOUT “CIVILIZATION SLOW” AND “CIVILIZATION QUICK”
Authors: Malakhov Sergey Alekseevich
Published: April 2020

The article considers the opposition of the spiritual and the pragmatic. The second one does not pay attention to the distance between points A and B, while the first one is about the distance first of all. The pragmatic is civilization QUICK and the spiritual is civilization SLOW. The architectural analogue of this opposition is stairs, as an independent space of architectural adventure (archofunction), that is, literally slowing down the process of overcoming space by a person for the sake of being able to enjoy the effects of a meditative property.
Method of finite bodies for determination of the plane stressed state of rectangular plates with a rectangular hole
Authors: Revenko V. P.
Published: April 2020

The paper is devoted to the determination of the stress-deformed state of structurally heterogeneous bearing rectangular plates with a rectangular hole. The new analytical-numerical method (finite bodies) was used, to find the stress state of the plate with a hole. The method of finite bodies uses the conditional partition of the doubly-connected surface of the plate into simpler connected rectangular parts. On the lines of conditional contact, the conditions of ideal contact are taken into account, which ensure the equality of stresses, deformations and displacements. The perturbed stressed state, which is presented in the form of a series of functions, which is rapidly intercepted at a distance from the outline of the hole, is considered. A finite sum of solutions of a plane problem is used and the stress state of a perturbed state is given as a sum of a series for nonorthogonal functions. The components of vector of displacements and stresses are written. The determination of the coefficients of the sum of a series is based on the proposed method of satisfying all boundary conditions and the conditions of ideal contact to find the minimum of a generalized quadratic form. The numerical criterion for the convergence of the method is theoretically established. It is shown that the accuracy of satisfaction of boundary conditions and conditions of ideal contact is estimated by one number – the minimum of a generalized quadratic form.
The Archetype of Intellectual Activity: A Modern Methodology for the Description of the Protophenomenon
Authors: Badalov A.A. , Brovkina S.N. , Arpentieva M.R. , Kalinin S.S. , Kassymova G.K.
Published: April 2020

Modern clinical psychology focuses on the problems of the culturological layer, the cultural background and consequences of the formation and development of productive and destructive anomalies, including the abnormal aspects of creative giftedness, the associated and accompanying anomalies of behavior, values expressed in deviations, borderline states, psychoses and somatoses. Endowment with its considerable diversity is a universal phenomenon. Moreover, and like any universal, it can be understood and described in the unity of its cultural, social, psychological and physiological aspects. The article discusses the basics of the organization of the archetype of intellectual function from the standpoint of historical and culturalological genesis. The wide mythological context of the formation of properties, attributes, and symbolic identification inherent in the archetype of the intellectual function is discussed. The statement is postulated that archetypal structures are not only a priori existing mechanisms of cognition from the point of view of the formation of an individual’s mental experience at an early age, but also affect all subsequent processes of development of a person’s cognitive functioning in norm and clinical situations. The concept of “Icarus complex” is introduced as the desired anthropic form of the archetype under study and as a promising model for further research in clinical psychology.
The Role of Punicalagin in Slowing Down the Decaying of Neurons
Authors: Sairam Dasika
Published: April 2020

Punicalagin is an active compound found in the Pomegranate rind. The hallmark of the compound is its antioxidant properties which is more than most other sources such as Red wine. The poly-phenol donates hydrogen to free radicals like peroxynitrites and prevents it from oxidizing and destroying microglial cells in the brain. The compound has high bio-availability and is has reduced neuronal inflammation as well. The compound is useful for treating Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s and many other Dementia’s. Apart from its antioxidant properties, the compound is an antidermatophyte and antimicrobial. Punicalagin has also shown ability in down regulating virulent Quorum sensing genes in Salmonella.
Seed Rate and Sowing Method Effects on Seed Quality of Bread Wheat (triticum aestivum L.) Varieties in Horo District, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Geleta Tesfaye
Published: April 2020

Although wheat varieties were released with recommended seed rates, farmers usually apply their specific seed rates for various reasons. A study was conducted in Horo District to determine the effect of seeding rate and sowing methods on the seed quality of bread wheat using field and laboratory experiments, in the 2011 cropping season. The field experiment was conducted at Shambu, Bako agricultural research center sub-site while the seed quality analysis was performed at seed laboratory of Holetta Agricultural Research Center. The field experiment consisted of three factors in a factorial combination of two levels of variety (Molgo which is local and Digelu or HAR-3116 which is an improved one), two levels of sowing methods (broadcast and row) and four levels of seed rate (125, 150, 175 and 200 kg/ha) arranged in RCBD with three replications. Samples of harvested seed from those treatment combinations were subjected to seed quality analysis according to procedures described by ISTA 2003. The result of Seed quality analysis showed that physical purity, standard germination, the speed of germination, vigor index-I and II, and field emergence index were significantly affected by treatment effects. All these parameters were higher in Digelu than in Molgo at the lowest seed rate (125 kg/ha) studied in row except the mean value of speed of germination which was higher for Molgo at a seed rate of 150 kg/ha. Six fungi and one bacterium species were associated with the seed samples studied. The results indicated that good quality seed was produced when both varieties were sown in row at a seed rate of 125 kg/ha. Moreover, variety Digelu was better in terms of seed quality than variety Molgo at all seed rates and both sowing methods.
Newly diagnosed type II diabetes mellitus presenting with localized itch
Authors: Mearza Talib , Amer Wesam Abou , Jaber Maryam Al
Published: April 2020

Type II diabetes is caused by insulin resistance resulting in high blood sugar levels. Although the typical symptoms of diabetes are described as polyuria, polydipsia and fatigue as many as 60% of newly diagnosed patients with type II diabetes are asymptomatic. Here authors present a case of a 39-year-old male patient who presented with localized pruritus affecting the medial aspects of his forearms and upper legs as the sole symptom of newly diagnosed type II diabetes mellitus. The itch symptom markedly improved on significantly reducing his dietary intake of sugars and with the use of metformin. Authors hope to alert clinicians to consider the possibility of underlying diabetes in such presentations to enable swift diagnosis and consequent treatment. It is unusual to find patients presenting with localized itch without any corresponding cutaneous manifestations as a presentation of type II diabetes.
What the Salamander Eye Has Been Telling the Vision Scientist’s Brain
Authors: Rozenblit Fernando , Gollisch Tim
Published: April 2020

Salamanders have been habitual residents of research laboratories for more than a century, and their history in science is tightly interwoven with vision research. Nevertheless, many vision scientists – even those working with salamanders – may be unaware of how much our knowledge about vision, and particularly the retina, has been shaped by studying salamanders. In this review, we take a tour through the salamander history in vision science, highlighting the main contributions of salamanders to our understanding of the vertebrate retina. We further point out specificities of the salamander visual system and discuss the perspectives of this animal system for future vision research.
The Ongoing COVID-19 Epidemic Curves Indicate Initial Point Spread in China With Log-Normal Distribution of New Cases per Day With a Predictable Last Date of the Outbreak Version 4: Predictions for Selected European Countries, USA and the World as a Whole and Try to Predict the End of the Outbreak Including a Discussion of a Possible “New Normal”
Authors: Olsson Stefan , Zhang Jing
Published: April 2020

During an epidemic outbreak it is useful for planners and responsible authorities to be able to plan ahead to estimate when an outbreak of an epidemic is likely to ease and when the last case can be predicted in their area of responsibility. Theoretically this could be done for a point source epidemic using epidemic curve forecasting. The extensive data now coming out of China makes it possible to test if this can be done using MS Excel a standard spreadsheet program available to most offices. The available data is divided up for whole China and the different provinces. This and the high number of cases makes the analysis possible. Data for new confirmed infections for Hubei, Hubei outside Wuhan, China excluding Hubei as well as Zhejiang and Fujian provinces all follow a log-normal distribution that can be used to make a rough estimate for the date of the last new confirmed cases in respective areas. In the version 2 continuation work, 9 additional days were added for the Chinese data to evaluate the previous predictions. The extra data then available from China follows the previous predicted trend supporting the usefulness of this simple technique. In the version 2 we also tested the feasibility for a non-specialist to make similar predictions using additional data from S Korea now available. In this third continuation the predictions for Version 2 are evaluated for S Korea and fits well the beginning of the decline but it seems to be difficult to bring down numbers of cases per day under about 100 new cases per day, potential reasons for this is discussed. To further evaluate when in a prediction becomes reliable the Chinese data was used to evaluate to make predictions for each day around the peak in number of cases and after2-3 consecutive days of decreasing new cases per day the prediction becomes reliable. In version 3 data for Italy just reaching this point was used to make further predictions for that country. A second new analysis was also added to use the fitted equation to detect when the acceleration of new cases per day stopped increasing exponentially. In the Chinese case this measured point coincides with the date of the complete Hubei lockdown and in the new Italian analysis it coincides with the mandatory Italian lockdown. Predicted dates for the end of the Italian outbreak is also added. In version 4 we expand the analysis to selected European countries, USA and the World as a whole and try to predict the end of the outbreak. We further discuss the apparent success of the used techniques that might work to introduce a “new normal” not very different to the previous to stop secondary outbreaks of COVID19 and future COVIDs that are sure to come.
Computational Screening for Potential Drug Candidates Against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease
Authors: Andrade Bruno , Ghosh Preetam , Barth Debmalya , Tiwari Sandeep , José Santana Silva Raner , Rodrigues de Assis Soares Wagner , Silva Melo Tarcisio , dos Santos Freitas Andria , González-Grande Patrícia , Sousa Palmeira Lucas , Carlos Junior Alcantara Luiz , Giovanetti Marta , Góes-Neto Aristóteles , Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo Vasco
Published: April 2020

Background: SARS-CoV-2 that are the causal agent of a current pandemic are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses of the Coronaviridae family. Proteases of SARS-CoV-2 are necessary for viral replication, structural assembly and pathogenicity. The ~33.8KDa Mpro protease of SARS-CoV-2 is a non-human homologue and highly conserved among several coronaviruses indicating Mpro could be a potential drug target for Coronaviruses.Methods: Here we performed computational ligand screening of four pharmacophores (OEW, Remdesivir, Hydroxycholoquine and N3) that are presumed to have positive effects against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease (6LU7) and also screened 50,000 molecules from the ZINC Database dataset against this protease target.Results: We found 40 pharmacophore-like structures of natural compounds from diverse chemical classes that exhibited better affinity of docking as compared to the known ligands. The 10 best selected ligands namely, ZINC1845382, ZINC1875405, ZINC2092396, ZINC2104424, ZINC44018332, ZINC2101723, ZINC2094526, ZINC2094304, ZINC2104482, ZINC3984030, and ZINC1531664, are mainly classified as β-carboline, Alkaloids and Polyflavonoids, and all of them displayed interactions with dyad CYS145 and HIS41 from the protease pocket in a similar way as with other known ligands.Conclusion: Our results suggest that these 10 molecules could be effective against SARS-CoV-2 protease and may be tested in vitro and in vivo to develop novel drugs against this virus.
Partial Unlock Caseload Management for COVID-19 Can Save 1-2 Million Lives Worldwide
Authors: Shuler Robert , Koukouvitis Theodore
Published: April 2020

This paper analyzes the stability and usefulness of a caseload management method for COVID-19 or similar epidemics and pandemics. It reduces the total cases by controlling overshoot as groups cross the herd immunity threshold, balances medical resource utilization, and subject to those two constraints reduces economic shutdown duration across significant scenario variation. A quantitative analysis of overshoot is provided. An SIR-type model was used with clear parameters suitable for public information with tracking and predictive capabilities is used. It contains a simulation of a decision-maker for select-day partial unlock so that many scenarios can be quickly and impartially analyzed. Using certain days of the week, already practiced by some countries, is not a necessary part of the method, but was used in the simulation to give a highly quantified unlock scheme. While the model shows total cumulative cases, and therefore deaths, declining initially with flattening, when flattening begins to produce large rebounds the death rate goes back up. Partial unlock to manage critical resources had the consequential effects of reducing economic downtime and bringing the cumulative cases down about 8-12% between now and the second half of 2021, thereby saving lives with some degree of certainty. A gentle and decreasing slope of the increase in cases, which directly reduces total cases by avoiding overshoot, is difficult to accomplish by any other method.
Signaling Pathways in Cervical Cancer Chemoresistance: Are microRNAs and Long-Noncoding RNAs the Main Culprits?
Authors: Mousavi Seyyed Reza , Hemmat Nima , Bannazadeh Baghi Hossein , Derakhshani Afshin , Tommasi Stefania , Brunetti Oronzo , Baradaran Behzad , Silvestris Nicola
Published: April 2020

Cervical cancer is known as one of the most important cancers in women worldwide. Chemotherapy is a standard treatment for advanced/recurrent cervical cancer in which the prognosis of the disease is really poor and the 1-year survival chance in these patients is maximally 20%. However, resistance to anticancer drugs is a major problem in treating cancer. Cervical cancer stem cells are considered as a fundamental cause of chemo and radio-resistance and also relapse after primary successful treatment. Signaling pathways include a wide range of molecular mechanisms contribute to drug resistance. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) are announced as a group of molecular biomarkers involving in response to chemotherapy in cancer patients. As the miRNAs, there are some long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) which their aberrant expression is considered as a biomarker for monitoring chemoresistance. In this review, we summarized current reports about the involvement of signaling pathways during chemoresistance in cervical cancer. Then, genes that have been demonstrated their involvement during drug resistance in cervical cancer were tabulated. Further, miRNAs that have been reported as biomarkers during treatment are listed. By bioinformatic analysis, we predictedmiR-335-5p and miR-16-5p as the most potential biomarkers for monitoring resistance to chemotherapy. Finally, long non-coding RNAs that have been introduced in recent studies as novel biomarkers during the response to chemotherapy were mentioned.
Collective Clustering Dynamics of SARS-COV-2 Particles
Authors: Tozzi Arturo , Peters James F. , Annesi-Maesano Isabella , D'Amato Gennaro
Published: April 2020

Collective spread of aggregated viral particles may have beneficial effects on viral capability to survive in the external environment, to counteract immune responses, and to successfully colonize host cells. Here we ask whether SARS-Cov-2 particles, responsible for COVID-19, display collective clustering behavior. Looking at microphotographs and movies of SARS-Cov-2 particles emerging from the surface of cultured cells, we describe single virions that tend to aggregate in progressively larger globular assemblies, until a network-like appearance is achieved. When SARS-Cov-2 particles stick into each other, the squeezing of single virions leads to improved viral package in host’s fluids. We discuss how these findings might explain both the ability to spread of SARS-Cov-2 and the clinical severity of COVID-19 in humans, paving the way to novel therapeutic strategies to mechanically disrupt collective clustering.