bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pegada de carbono associada à produção de bolos
Authors: Carvalho Monica , Silva Ana Lyvia Tabosa da , Diniz Daniel de Paula , Brito Alexandre Magno Vieira Gonçalves de , Freire Rommel de Santana
Published: August 2020

O que comemos também possui impacto climático, assim, a pegada de carbono dos alimentos compreende a quantidade de gases de efeito estufa que são produzidos nas etapas de cultivo, processamento, embalagem e transporte desses produtos. Dessa forma, a escolha por um determinado nutriente, ou outro, não afeta somente nossa saúde, mas também o meio ambiente. O objetivo deste artigo é calcular a pegada de carbono associada a dois sabores de bolo: inglês e cenoura, utilizando a metodologia de Avaliação de Ciclo de Vida (ACV). Para a produção mensal de bolos, contabilizaram-se os ingredientes, o consumo de energia (eletricidade e gás de cozinha) e água, e a embalagem e transporte para a distribuição dos bolos. A pegada de carbono para uma unidade de bolo do tipo inglês foi de 0,91 kg CO2-eq (0,81x10-3 kg CO2-eq/kcal) e para uma unidade de bolo de cenoura foi de 1,52 kg CO2-eq (1,42x10-3kg CO2-eq/kcal). Os ovos foram os responsáveis pela parcela mais alta nas pegadas de carbono. A substituição do ovo por outro alimento capaz de exercer a mesma função, tanto nutricional quanto estrutural, pode ser objeto de estudos futuros.
O avanço do índice de tratorização brasileiro no período de 1976 a 2016
Authors: Bellochio Sabrina Dalla Corte , Alonço Airton dos Santos , Vargas Francieli de , Possebom Gessieli , Lopes Tiago Gonçalves
Published: August 2020

A expansão agrícola e a introdução da atividade mecanizada contribuíram para o crescimento do mercado de máquinas. Atualmente, as vendas de tratores têm grande representatividade no total das vendas internas de máquinas agrícolas e rodoviárias no país. O trator desempenha um papel importante nas operações agrícolas e caracteriza-se como a principal fonte de potência, visto que, a partir dele, é possível produzir em grande escala. O presente estudo teve por objetivo calcular, anualmente, o índice de tratorização brasileiro, nos últimos 40 anos (1976 a 2016). Este cálculo relaciona o número de hectares cultivados por trator, por meio dos dados da frota brasileira de tratores e do total de área cultivada. Ao analisar o panorama acerca da evolução do índice de tratorização no Brasil, é possível verificar uma intensificação na mecanização agrícola. Ao comparar o índice brasileiro com o de outros países, o Brasil demonstra possibilidades de se igualar, ao longo do tempo, aos índices apresentados pelos países mais desenvolvidos.
Crédito agrícola para a mitigação das mudanças climáticas: uma análise do Programa ABC
Authors: Lovato Luiz Gustavo , Schultz Glauco , Revillion Jean Philippe Palma
Published: August 2020

O setor agropecuário foi responsável por cerca de 24% das emissões totais de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) no Brasil no ano de 2017. Em 2009, o governo brasileiro instituiu planos setoriais de mitigação das mudanças climáticas, sendo o Plano Agricultura de Baixo Carbono (ABC) e o Programa ABC responsáveis pelas projeções de metas para mitigação das mudanças climáticas e incentivos financeiros para implementá-las, respectivamente. Este artigo objetivou analisar se o crédito disponibilizado por essa ferramenta de política pública vem sendo alocado em processos tecnológicos com maior potencial de mitigação das emissões totais de GEE. Uma busca em fontes secundárias por dados sobre os volumes de crédito do Programa ABC e emissões de GEE foi realizada. A série histórica de emissões revela que, dentre as atividades agrícolas, a fermentação entérica por animais e o uso de solos agrícolas são os principais responsáveis pelas emissões de GEE, quase 86% das emissões do setor. Os resultados também mostram que, dentre as 7 áreas prioritárias, uma em especial vem recebendo a maior parte dos investimentos: a recuperação de pastagens degradadas, que responde por cerca de 30% dos investimentos. Além disso, dos valores projetados inicialmente pelo Programa ABC, 15% foram disponibilizados, enquanto 9% foram efetivamente contratados.
About the size of the female Bashkir pelvis
Authors: Kakushnin N.
Published: August 2020

Anthropological measurements of the female pelvis are very rare and concern a few pelvis and, moreover, not living, but dead women. The sizes of the cans of different races differ from each other. There is especially little data on the size of the female pelvis among our foreigners. So, only the measurements of the pelvis of Kyrgyz women are known, made by Dr. Kolbasenok.
Scraping of the uterus during childbirth fever
Authors: Sadovsky P.
Published: August 2020

The bacteriological view of the ethiology of postpartum fevers leads to two means to fight them: firstly, to prevent microorganisms from entering the birth canal - prevention and 2) to destroy those that have already gotten - an antiseptic.
To the treatment of pyosalpinx'a
Authors: Hermonius A.
Published: August 2020

Not quite satisfied with the previous and existing methods of treating purulent accumulations in the tubes (Frankenhuser Dolris, Simpson), the author, in the case presented to him, resorted to a more, in his opinion, expedient measure - and with success.
Telecom Industry Brand Image and the Extended Service Marketing Ps: A Study on Private University Students of Rajshahi
Authors: Sarker Md. Omar Faruk
Published: August 2020

Marketing always looks forward to making consumers delighted. Mobile telecom service provided a pace in daily life in Bangladesh. It plays a vital role in all the dimensions of our life. The prime objective of the study is to measure the influence of people, process, and physical evidence on brand image in the mobile telecom industry at Rajshahi metropolitan area in Bangladesh. One hundred fifty samples drawn from the students of two private universities using a convenient sampling technique. A structured questionnaire used for the survey. The findings of this study represent that all the null hypotheses rejected; there is a significant relationship between three extended service marketing and brand image in the mobile telecom industry. The researcher believes that this study would help strategy planners of mobile telecom service operators in Bangladesh to study people, process, and physical evidence with keen interest to blend service marketing mix and create and increase brand image as well as open more research relating to this ground. This finding may help different mobile telecom operators in Bangladesh to improve their focus regarding the efficient use of service marketing mix.
Assessment of the availability of essential medicines and inventory control practice at university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, Amhara regional state of Ethiopia: institutional based cross-sectional study design
Authors: Woldeyohanins Alem Endeshaw , Meseret Bezawit , Teka Muhabawu , Teshome Teshale
Published: August 2020

Background: Assessment of availability of essential medicines is a critical component of universal health coverage and important factor to address patients’ satisfaction and increase their health seeking behavior. Proper inventory management of essential drugs in the health facilities is critical in ensuring availability of essential drugs. The objectives of the study were to assess availability of essential medicines and inventory control practice in university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital.

Methods: The study was conducted using institution based cross sectional study design from March 10 to April 10, 2019. The data was collected by data abstraction formats and structured observation checklist and data was analyzed by Microsoft office excel for the assessment of the essential medicine’s availability and inventory control practices in Gondar university comprehensive specialized hospital.  

Results: The overall average availability of essential medicines during survey period in Gondar university hospital was 79.17%. The average stock out in the last six months period was 41.67%. The mean duration of stock out of essential medicines of the hospital in the last six months period was 31.7 days and average frequency of stock out was 0.7. The discrepancy between physical count and stock record count of essential medicines ranged from 0% to about 95%.

Conclusions: The average availability of essential medicines during data collection period was fairly high. However, the facility was stock out for significant percent of essential medicines over the last six months period and stock out to lesser extent of percent at the time of survey period.
Justicia de género en el plano judicial. Análisis comparado sobre el derecho fundamental de la mujer a tomar decisiones sobre su propio cuerpo en contextos de violencia
Authors: Torres Sánchez Ximena
Published: August 2020

Al ser concebidos los derechos fundamentales, desde su funcionalidad, como un sistema dinámico integrado para que las personas puedan alcanzar una vida digna, se despierta el interés general por su estudio en relación con su alcance y eficacia dentro de la sociedad. La amplitud normativa del orden constitucional refleja que el desenvolvimiento judicial es un componente estructural de gran trascendencia para el alcance material de justicia. En ese sentido, el artículo plantea una aproximación a este plano del derecho mediante el estudio de casos referidos al derecho de las mujeres a decidir sobre su propio cuerpo en contextos de violencia, a fin de constatar que el desenvolvimiento en el ámbito judicial comulga con el alcance de justicia de género; de este modo, primero, se constata el cumplimiento de estándares internacionales de derechos humanos, y segundo, se aplica la Metodología de Género para el análisis del fenómeno legal. De ello se concluye que esta potestad normativa de las mujeres requiere una ruptura de diversos paradigmas, a fin de lograr la materialidad de este derecho fundamental en los distintos componentes del sistema jurídico, en articulación con los derechos humanos y un verdadero alcance de justicia de género.
Alfabetização e letramento: avaliação de aplicativos móveis para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Moreira Valéria Nascimento , Batista Silvia Cristina Freitas , Rangel Ingrid Ribeiro da Gama
Published: August 2020

Mobile apps can be good didactic resources, favoring different pedagogical actions. However, it is important to make a careful selection of the app for educational purposes, and evaluate the aspects that can influence the objectives. This article aims to present a quality analysis of six apps with the potential to support the teaching of reading and literacy. The evaluation was made by four teachers in early Elementary School, during a short course organized for this purpose. The research had a qualitative character, and the data, collected through an evaluation form and analyzed based on theoretical references, made it possible to observe positive features and some limitations in the apps.
Investigação experimental do movimento de um corpo sobre trajetórias com diferentes perfis: reta inclinada, parábola e cicloide
Authors: Santiago Rosana Bulos , Raymundo Marcelo Perrota
Published: August 2020

This study was conducted under the Research Teaching methodology, based on the assumptions of the Theory of Meaningful Learning. Our objective was to investigate the effectiveness of using a simple experiment to aid the teaching-learning of concepts and magnitudes in Newtonian mechanics. The experimental practice allowed not only the observation of the phenomenon, but also the acquisition of data with the aid of the Lexis Audio Editor mobile application. The interdisciplinarity between Physics and Mathematics was present when designing an apparatus in which these familiar geometric shapes were used: line, parabola and cycloid. The product was applied to a class in the 1st year of a public High School in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It was observed that the activity enabled conceptual change, allowing students to reconstruct and expand their learning. They also developed experimental skills considered to be quite relevant to basic training in formal education.
Políticas de inclusão e acessibilidade no Instituto Federal da Amazônia Amapaense
Authors: Andrade Jemina de Araújo Moraes , Monte Eloyze de Oliveira
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this article is to verify how the accessibility policies adopted at the institution reach students, especially those related to architectural and informational issues. It is a field research, with a qualitative approach. The problem is to examine how Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amapá (IFAP) has been working to meet the school’s inclusion policies for students with disabilities, especially in terms of architectural accessibility in furniture and information. Results show that the campus has been working to meet these policies. Despite such efforts, there are issues that deserve attention, mainly maintenance, furniture repair, architecture and information. The challenges are many; however, an inclusive system requires changes in several aspects, and is particularly achieved through the implementation of human rights values.
Aplicação de um sistema de apoio no manejo de casos de dor torácica em áreas remotas e distantes
Authors: Franca Allan Rodrigo Murrieta
Published: August 2020

The general objective of this study is to evaluate the application of a support system in the management of chest pain cases in remote areas. This is a cross-sectional study, which evaluated 22,000 medical consultations, carried out from January 2015 to January 2019, with a population of employees from several companies in the oil and gas sector, served by a multinational central in a capital in Brazil. In the period from January 2015 to January 2019, 22,643 consultations were carried out in deep waters (offshore), of which 907 generated a non-urgent disembarkation or referral to the hospital due to medical recommendation and 97 aeromedical evacuations (Medevac - removal or medical disembarkation of emergency by air ambulance). Of these 97 Medevacs, 26 were due to cardiac complaints. Through the results obtained, we show that with the cardiac diagnostic kit and health professional, the indication of these disembarks were all correct and necessary, as confirmed in the in-hospital assistance.
Hubungan Pengetahuan tentang Jamban Sehat dan Lingkungan Fisik dengan Perilaku Buang Air Besar Sembarangan
Authors: Agustiyaningsih Titik , Kurnia Anggraini Dwi , Larasati Retno Yunita
Published: August 2020

Terdapat 24,03% penduduk Indonesia memiliki berperilaku buang air besar sembarangan. Perilaku ini berpotensi menimbulkan suatu penyakit seperti Water-borne diseases. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang jamban sehat dan lingkungan fisik dengan perilaku buang air besar sembarangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Jumlah responden sebanyak 78 orang dengan menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji korelasi spearman rank. Hasil menunjukkan sebagian besar responden berumur 51 - 60 (37%), laki-laki (76%), buruh tani (73%), tamat SD (64%), dan memiliki penghasilan perbulan kurang dari Rp.1.000.000. Hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan tentang jamban sehat dengan perilaku BABS dengan nilai P= 0,000, memiliki hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai r=-0,543, Hubungan yang signifikan antara lingkungan fisik dengan perilaku BABS dengan nilai P= 0,000 memiliki tingkat yang kuat dengan nilai r=0,712. Pengetahuan tentang jamban sehat dan lingkungan yang baik harus terus ditingkatkan untuk mengurangi perilaku BABS pada msyarakat.
Perception, Knowledge and Attitude About Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Adult Female in Ciranjang, West Java
Authors: Pangaribuan Santa Maria , Barakah Josephine Tahasy
Published: August 2020

Cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) but it can be reduced by HPV infection. The aimed of this study was to explore perception and knowledge about HPV, cervical cancer and HPV vaccine in Ciranjang West Java, Indonesia. This was a cross sectional study of 90 adult female in Ciranjang, West Java, Indonesia. A 31 item self-report questionnaire was completed in this study. The reliability of this tool was assessed using Cronbach’s alpa (0.86) and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.704. A total of 90 questionnaire were distributed, completed and analyzed. Only 42 (46.7%), 69 (76.7%) and 69 (76.7%) of adult female had ever heard of HPV infection, cervical cancer and HPV vaccine respectively.  Only 13 (14.4%) knew that HPV can cause herpes and 28 (31.3%) knew that HPV can cause genital warts. Of the 44 adult female knew that there is a vaccine being developed to prevent HPV infection. Generally, the perception, knowledge and attitude about HPV among adult female were low. There is a need for health promotion to improve knowledge, perception and HPV vaccine
Penjadwalan Dinas terhadap Kepuasan Perawat di Rumah Sakit Y Jakarta
Authors: Rizany Ichsan , Hariyati RR Tutik Sri , Afiyanti Efi
Published: August 2020

Nurse satisfaction in hospitals in Indonesia was still low. The low level of nurse discharge was influenced by a number of factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nursing scheduling and patient satisfaction at Y Hospital Jakarta. The method used in this study was cross-sectional. The number of samples was 32 nurses (n = 32) through a stratified random sampling technique. The study was conducted at Y Hospital Jakarta. Inclusion criteria included implementing nurses who worked at least 1 year and were willing to become respondents. Data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation test. The results showed that the average patient satisfaction was 73, while the nurse's scheduling was 90.29. These results indicated that nurse satisfaction was still below the minimum service standard (SPM). This result also showed that there was a significant relationship between nursing scheduling and nurse satisfaction (p = 0.040; r = 0.349). The conclusion of this study was that there was a significant relationship between nursing scheduling and nurse satisfaction at Y Hospital. Recommendations were given to hospital managers to improve nurse satisfaction by managing to nurse scheduling properly
CONVERSION OF DURIAN SHELL AGROINDUSTRIAL WASTE INTO VARIOUS VALUABLE PRODUCTS TO SUPPORT THE FOOD SECURITY DURING THE COVID-19 NEW NORMAL ERA: REVIEW
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Ratna Dewi , Syah Ahmad Faiz Armiano
Published: August 2020

Durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) is a tropical, delicious and expensive fruit with specific aroma. Indonesia is among the biggest and the best durian fruit producer in the world. There are various types of Durian in Indonesia, coming from different areas. Based on the data released by the Central Bureau of Statistic, it was demonstrated that the main provinces producing durian in 2019 were East Java, Central Java, West Java, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, Banten, South Sulawesi, and South Sumatera with the total harvest of  289,334 ton, 172,939 ton,  94,183 ton, 90,105 ton, 62,564 ton, 46,436 ton, 45,729 ton, and 42,048 ton, respectively. The high production of durian fruit is beneficial for the agroindustrial and economic sectors. On the other hand, it also results in the abundance waste during the harvest time which causes many problems to the environment. The percentage of durian flesh of fruit is only 20.52%, meaning that the 79.48% of durian is unutilized parts such as shell and seeds. The waste resulted from durian is about 556,360 ton per year. Durian waste, especially durian shell, is difficult to degrade. Hence, the proper waste management of the durian shell is crucial. The strategic way to manage the durian shell is by upgrading this waste into various valuable products. In this work, the innovation of the durian shell waste conversion into diverse product to support the national food security during the covid-19 new normal era is discussed.  Durian shell is potential to be used for the production of food products such as candy, pectin, edible film, and crackers, flour, and noodle. It also has potency to be utilized in the production of products which support the development of food crop agriculture and animal husbandry, such as biopesticides, organic fertilizer, and animal feed, which strongly associated with the food supply security.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HARGA CABAI RAWIT DI PASAR NGABLAK, KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Authors: Fina Fina , Yuliawati Yuliawati
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study is to find out about the effect of distribution channel, substitution commodity price and consumer demand for cayenne pepper price in Ngablak Market, District of Magelang, Central Java. The sampling method used in this study was simple random sampling, in which 36 respondents were used. The type of this study is a descriptive quantitative. This study used a survey as the method by interviewing respondents in a research location. Data analysis used in this study was multiple linear regression. The result of this study shows that distribution channel and curly red chili price have real effect on cayenne pepper price on the other hand, consumer demand for cayenne pepper didn’t have any real effect on cayenne pepper price.

 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari faktor saluran distribusi, harga komoditas pengganti (substitusi) dan permintaan konsumen terhadap harga cabai rawit di Pasar Ngablak, Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik simple random sampling dan didapatkan sampel sebanyak 36 responden. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan cara mewawancarai responden di lokasi penelitian. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel saluran distribusi dan harga cabai merah keriting berpengaruhnyata terhadap harga cabai rawit sementara permintaan konsumen terhadap cabai rawit tidak berpengaruhnyata terhadap harga cabai rawit.

 
Upper Neches River Basin Caddo Ceramic Vessels from
Anderson, Cherokee, and Henderson Counties in East Texas
Authors: Perttula Timothy
Published: August 2020

The National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (NMNH) has extensive collections of artifacts from ancestral Caddo sites in the Caddo area. This includes 19 ceramic vessels and one distinctive ceramic pipe from several sites in the upper Neches River basin in East Texas. The majority of these artifacts were originally collected by noted amateur archaeologist R. King Harris of Dallas, Texas, who sold his collection to the NMNH in 1980, while three of the vessels were originally in Bureau of American Ethnology holdings, and likely are from early archaeological investigations by Dr. J. E. Pearce of The University of Texas at Austin that were funded by the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE). Pearce began work in this part of the state under the auspices of the BAE, and that work “had led me to suppose that I should find this part of the State rich in archeological material of a high order.”
Data-Driven Prediction of Unconventional Shale-Reservoir Dynamics
Authors: Klie Hector , Florez Horacio
Published: August 2020

The present work introduces extended dynamic mode decomposition (EDMD) as a suitable data-driven framework for learning the reservoir dynamics entailed by flow/fracture interactions in unconventional shales. The proposed EDMD approach builds on the approximation of infinite-dimensional linear operators combined with the power of deep learning autoencoder networks to extract salient transient features from pressure/stress fields and bulks of production data. The data-driven model is demonstrated on three illustrative examples involving single- and two-phase coupled flow/geomechanics simulations and a real production data set from the Vaca Muerta unconventional shale formation in Argentina. We demonstrated that we could attain a high level of predictability from unseen field-state variables and well-production data given relatively moderate input requirements. As the main conclusion of this work, EDMD stands as a promising data-driven choice for efficiently reconstructing flow/fracture dynamics that are either partially or entirely unknown, or that are too complex to formulate using known simulation tools on unconventional plays.
An Infill Well Fracturing Model and Its Microseismic Events Barrier Effect: A Case in Fuling Shale Gas Reservoir
Authors: Zhu Haiyan , Tang Xuanhe , Song Yujia , Li Kuidong , Xiao Jialin , Dusseault Maurice B. , McLennan John D.
Published: August 2020

A microseismic (MS) events barrier (MSEB) phenomenon was detected during infill well fracturing of the Fuling shale gas reservoir. This phenomenon was evidenced by MS monitoring results, indicating that when the infill well hydraulic fracture (HF) propagated close to the parent well stimulated region, only a main straight fracture was propagating. Also, the number of seismic events diminished abruptly, suggesting some barrier or an attenuation process for the MS. To clarify the mechanisms involved in the MSEB effect, the infill well fracture propagation is investigated. An integrated workflow is proposed to analyze complex HF propagation of an infill well after the offset parent wells have experienced fracturing and production. The workflow integrates a geological model with natural fractures, a parent well fracturing geomechanical model, a coupled flow-geomechanics production model, and an infill well fracturing geomechanical model. First, a natural fracture network is embedded in the realistic geological model. Second, a geomechanical fracturing model is developed to simulate HF of parent wells. Third, a coupled flow-geomechanics model is used to analyze stress field evolution during parent well production. Fourth, complex HF propagation for the infill well is simulated. The case model is validated with parent well production data and infill well fracturing MS monitoring results. It can be concluded from the simulation results that (1) during parent well production, the pre-existing complex fracture network is a major contributor to pore-pressure decrease; (2) stress evolution is affected by the geomechanical heterogeneity; (3) near the parent well producing fractured region, the fracture complexity of the infill well stimulation decreases sharply and that matches well with the MS monitoring results; and (4) there are two primary mechanisms that are responsible for the MSEB phenomenon—natural fracture (NF) activation during parent well fracturing and stress evolution in parent well production. The Fuling shale gas reservoir infill well fracturing case study reveals the mechanism of the MSEB effect by demonstrating the impact of parent well production on infill well fracturing. To serve the fracture-hits evaluation and to maximize the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV), the MSEB effect should be taken into consideration in infill well fracturing design.
Effect of preoperative carbohydrate intake on inflammatory factors and clinical outcomes in elderly patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: a single-center, double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hu Zhen , Liu Ji , Ma Wenchao , Wang Fen
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND: To investigate the advantages of Carbohydrate (CHO) in inflammatory markers, comfort and clinical outcomes in elderly patients undergoing open radical prostatectomy.METHODS: Patients of ≥65 years old with radical prostatectomy who underwent open radical prostatectomy were randomized to the CHO group, water group, and fasted group. Patients in the CHO group and water group received oral CHO, 800 ml of placebo water before surgery, and oral CHO and placebo water 400 ml 2 to 3 hours before surgery; the fasted group did not drink any liquid. The main outcomes are inflammatory markers. The secondary outcomes are cellular immunity, comfort, the index of grip strength of body mass and clinical outcomes.RESULTS: A total of 90 patients were included in current study (i.e., CHO group, n=28; water group, n=30; fasted group, n=32). The three groups matched well in age, body mass index, the grade of (American Society of Anesthesiologists) ASA, operation time, blood loss, and fluid volume. CHO reduces IL-6 of Day1 and Day7 (P = 0.009, 0.005, respectively), IL-8 (P=0.005) of Day1, Day1, Day 3, and Day 7 TNF (P = 0.001, 0.006, 0.003 respectively) compared with the fasted group ; placebo water reduced Day 1 and Day 7 TNF (P = 0.005, 0.038, respectively), Day 1of IL-8 (P = 0.045). CHO reduced Day3 of TNF (P=0.026) compared to placebo water. In the CHO group and the water group, the morning thirst scores (0.68, 1.26, respectively) and starvation (0.24, 0.47, respectively) were decreased. The first time to leave bed in the fasted group (39.21 (15-93) h) was much later than in the CHO group (28.57 (10-100) h) and the water group (28.71 (12-70) h).Conclusion: Compared with routine water ban, preoperative CHO and placebo water can reduce the levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF in elderly patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, which can improve the patient's preoperative comfort and shorten the patient's first time to leave bed. Compared with placebo water, CHO has no significant advantage in improving inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes.
Status of MWth Integrated Gasification Fuel Cell (IGFC) Power Generation System Demonstration in China
Authors: Wei Chang , Liu Zhien , Li Chufu , Singh Surinder , Lu Haoren , Gong Yudong , Li Pingping , Wang Hanlin , Yang Xia , Xu Ming , Mu Shujun
Published: August 2020

This paper provides status update of IGFC power generation system being developed at National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon (NICE) at MWth scale. This system is designed to use coal as fuel to produce syngas as a first step similar to integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC). Subsequently, the solid oxide fuel cell system is used to convert chemical energy to electricity directly through electrochemical reaction without combustion, which is different from IGCC. This system leads to a higher efficiency as compared to a traditional coal-fired power plant. The unreacted fuel in the SOFC system is transported to an oxygen-combustor to be converted to steam and CO2. Through heat recovery system, the steam is condensed and removed, and CO2 is enriched and captured for sequestration or utilization, such as co-electrolysis of CO2 and H2O using curtailed renewable energy for production of syngas. Comprehensive economic analysis for a typical IGFC system was performed and the results were compared with supercritical pulverized coal-fired (SCPC) power plant, showing the cost of electricity (COE) of IGFC could be up to 20% lower than that by SCPC with CO2 capture. The SOFC stacks selected for IGFC development were tested and qualified under both hydrogen and simulated coal syngas fuel showing good consistency and stable long term performance. Experimental results using SOFC stacks and thermodynamic analysis (using ASPEN Plus) indicate that the hydrogen to CO ratio of the syngas is preferred to be 1.68 or higher to avoid carbon deposition inside of the fuel pipe. For lower H2/CO ratio, steam to CO ratio needs to be higher. Besides, the steam needs to be mixed well with the syngas above 100oC and below the temperatures where carbon formation is thermodynamically favored. The 20kW SOFC power generation unit is being developed with design system conditions of 20 kW maximum power, current density of 0.334 A/cm2, DC efficiency of 50.41%, and fuel utilization of 80%. A 100kW-level subsystem will consist of 6 x 20kW power generation units, and the MWth IGFC system will consist of 5 x 100kW-level subsystems.
Reliable and rapid smooth extubation after Ketofol for induction of general anesthesia in Laparoscopic Drilling of polycystic ovary: A randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Mahmoud Atef Mohamed Sayed , Ragab Safaa Gaber , Botros Joseph Makram
Published: August 2020

Background: The impact of ketofol on the hemodynamics and the airway response during the induction of general anesthesia has been studied before. However, its effect on the smoothness of extubation has not been studied before. Thus, we aimed to assess the effect of ketofol on the smoothness of extubation and compare it with propofol for the induction of general anesthesia.Methods: This double-blind, randomized, and controlled study was conducted on 106 class I and II female patients with the “American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA PS),” aged 18–40 years and scheduled for laparoscopic drilling for polycystic ovary disease under general anesthesia. The patients were assigned to one of two groups of (53) patients each; group KP = ketofol and group P = propofol. Results: There was a good sedation score during suction and extubation in the ketofol group. Airway response and smoothness of extubation were better in the ketofol than in the propofol group.Conclusion: Ketofol as an induction anesthetic agent was effective in attenuating the airway response during extubation more than only propofol.Trial registration: This trial was retrospectively registered at the Clinical Trial.gov with the Identification Number: NCT04365686.
A Randomized Controlled Study on the Safety and Effectiveness of Total Knee Arthroplasty Operated At Different Times under ERASA.
Authors: Dahal Suraj , Rong Xiao , Yuan Ming-Cheng , Shakya Hirose , Tao Qi Feng , Luo Zhenyu , Zhou Zong-Ke
Published: August 2020

Background Total knee replacement (TKA) is the most effective surgical method for end-stage knee joint disease. However, around（75%-92%）of patients after TKA are not satisfied. In the earlier days, TKA done at different times had different outcomes. Till this date, Enhanced Recovery After TKA has upgraded to a higher level. However, its safety and effectiveness concerning time have been remained unclear. So this study, we design to compare the effectiveness and safety of TKA surgery operated at different times, under ERAS.Material and method In this study, 80 patients were randomly included for primary unilateral TKA who fulfilled the study criteria, between May 1st, 2019, and November 31th, 2019 in the Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. All patients operated and peri-operatively managed according to standard ERAS protocol. The measuring indicators include VAS score, Range of knee motion, PSQI sleep quality score, HSS knee score, operation duration, total hospital stay, anesthesia time, first urination time, hemoglobin level, hematocrit, blood loss, blood glucose, inflammatory indicators (CRP and IL-6), radiological evaluation, gastrointestinal complications, appetite, total hospitalization costs, and satisfaction.Result Out of 80 patients, 40 were operated before 2 pm and 40 were operated after 2 pm. The VAS score for knee pain on day 1 after surgery in the group before 2 pm / after 2 pm, resting (P= 0.831); motion (P = 0.877). On discharge, resting VAS (P= 0.681); motion, (P = 0.912). At 21st days VAS Score at rest (P= 0.679), At motion (P= 0.979). Before 2 pm/after 2pm group ,Blood loss（P=0.328）,ROM at the 21st day after surgery (p = 0.476). PSQI at 21st days after surgery (P = 0.188), HSS knee score on the 21st day after surgery (P = 0.762), respectively. Conclusion Under the standard ERAS protocol, total knee replacements at different times do not affect its safety and effectiveness.Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR1900022256. Registered 2019/04/01
Linkage of sustainability to environmental impact assessment using ecosystem services concept; lessons from Thailand
Authors: Swangjang Kanokporn
Published: August 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
A novel telerehabilitation with educational program for caregivers using telelecture is a feasible procedure for fall prevention in elderly people – A pilot study
Authors: Moriichi Kentaro , Fujiya Mikihiro , Ro Takanori , Ota Tetsuo , Nishimiya Hitomi , Kodama Mariko , Yoshida Nana , Hattori Yukari , Hosokawa Tetsuya , Hishiyama Hohei , Kunimoto Masao , Hayashi Hiroki , Hirokawa Hiroyuki , Yoshida Akitoshi
Published: August 2020

Background: The importance of fall prevention rehabilitations has been well recognized. Recently, telerehabilitation was developed, however, there have been no reports on the use of telerehabilitation with direct support from specialists for fall prevention among the elderly. We herein reported telerehabilitation by carers educated by our novel educational program.Methods: Nine elderly people in two nursing homes were enrolled using our original criteria. Carers are educated with our educational program using telelecture system. Telerehabilitation was performed by carers following the instruction from rehabilitation specialists in Asahikawa Medical University using the telemedicine system every 2-4 weeks for three months. Carers were assessed with our original questionnaire before and after the telelecture. Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up & Go test (TUG test), Hand-held dynamometer (HHD) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were assessed before and after telerehabilitation.Results: The average number of times to perform telerehabilitation in all institutes was 4.7. Levels of understanding of carers were significantly increased after the telelecture. No adverse event occurred during the study period. Median BBSs before and three months after telerehabilitation were 43 and 49, respectively. Those of TUG test, right and left HHD and MMSE were 17.89 and 18.53, 7.95 and 11.55, 9.85 and 13.20, and 16 and 19, respectively. All results were improved after telerehabilitation.Conclusions: Our telerehabilitation program exhibited significant effects in elderly people as well as levels of understanding rehabilitation of caregivers in the facilities for the elderly people safely.Trial registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry（UMIN-CTR）UMIN000041439, August 17th, 2020
Collective synthesis and dissociation of soliton molecules in parallel optical-soliton reactors
Authors: He Wenbin , Pang Meng , Yeh Dung-Han , Huang Jiapeng , Russell Philip
Published: August 2020

Mode-locked lasers have been widely used to explore interactions between optical solitons, including bound-soliton states that may be regarded as "photonic molecules". Conventional mode-locked lasers normally however host at most only a few solitons, which means that stochastic behaviours involving large numbers of solitons cannot easily be studied under controlled experimental conditions. Here we report the use of an optoacoustically mode-locked fibre laser to create hundreds of temporal traps or "reactors" in parallel, within each of which multiple solitons can be isolated and controlled both globally and individually using all-optical method. We achieve on-demand synthesis and dissociation of soliton molecules within these reactors, in this way unfolding a novel panorama of diverse dynamics in which the statistics of multi-soliton interactions can be studied. The results are of crucial importance in understanding dynamical soliton interactions, and may motivate potential applications for all-optical control of ultrafast light fields in optical resonators.
CT Classification of Vacuum Phenomenon Morphology and its Utility in Predicting Lumbar Vertebral Instability
Authors: Kelm Noah , Hella Jennifer , Westfall John B , Ballard Eric T , Aftab Macksood A
Published: August 2020

Background: Lumbar vacuum phenomenon (VP) within the intervertebral disc has been classified based on CT imaging. We compared same-patient sagittal CT images and dynamic flexion-extension x-rays to determine if there is a difference in the amount of vertebral instability present between three VP morphologies on CT.Methods: Anterior subluxation measurements on x-ray were compared with same-segment VP on CT images from the same patient when both findings were present. VP were classified as spot, island, or linear. It was determined if there was a difference in the amount of anterior subluxation between the three morphologies. Secondary analysis looked at whether there was a difference in anterior subluxation between the three groups if patients had undergone a prior lumbar fusion surgery or not. Results: There was no difference in anterior subluxation between the three groups on dynamic flexion-extension x-rays. There was also no difference between the three groups on flexion-extension x-rays when patients were separated based on if they had received or not received a previous lumbar fusion surgery. Conclusion: IVD VP morphology is not a useful indicator in determining vertebral instability pre-operatively according to CT scan. Further fine-tuning of an IVD VP CT classification is needed to help radiologists and spine surgeons know when IVD VP presence is important.
Germline mutations in hereditary breast cancer genes are associated with early age at diagnosis and family history in Guatemalan breast cancer
Authors: Ren Megan , Orozco Anali , Shao Kang , Albanez Anaseidy , Ortiz Jeremy , Cao Boyang , Wang Lusheng , Barreda Lilian , Alvarez Christian S. , Garland Lisa , Wu Dongjing , Chung Charles , Wang Jiahui , Frone Megan , Ralon Sergio , Argueta Victor , Orozco Roberto , Gharzouzi Eduardo , Dean Michael C
Published: August 2020

Background: Mutations in hereditary breast cancer genes play an important role in the risk for cancer, however, little is known of the type and frequency of mutations in Central American populations, including Guatemala.Methods: Two separate panels of known cancer susceptibility genes were used to sequence blood DNA from 664 unselected breast cancer cases from two large hospitals in Guatemala. Variants were annotated with ClinVar and VarSome. Data from a structured questionnaire was used to compare mutation carriers of medium and high penetrance genes.Results: A total of 73 out of 664 subjects (11%) had a variant classified as pathogenic in a gene with known high or medium penetrance for inherited breast cancer. The most frequently mutated genes were BRCA1 (37/664, 5.6%) followed by BRCA2 (15/664, 2.3%), PALB2 (5/664, 0.8%) and TP53 (5/664, 0.8%). Pathogenic variants were also detected in the moderate penetrance genes ATM, BARD1, CHEK2, and MSH6, and rare pathogenic variants detected in the low penetrance genes AXIN2, FH, MLH1, MSH2, MUTYH, NF1, and SDHB. The high ratio of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations is due to the presence of two potential founder mutations, BRCA1 c.212 + 1G > A splice mutation (15 cases) and BRCA1 c.799delT (9 cases). Compared to all others, cases with pathogenic mutations had a significantly earlier age at diagnosis (45 vs 51 years, P < 0.001), more likely to have had diagnosis before menopause, and a higher percentage had a relative with any cancer (51% vs 37%, P = 0.038) or breast cancer (33% vs 15%, P < 0.001). Mammography usage was less frequent in lower SES women indicating this group is less likely to be screened for breast cancer (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Guatemalan women have rates of hereditary breast cancer mutations similar to other populations, and these women are more likely to have early age at diagnosis and family history. This data supports the use of genetic testing in breast cancer patients and those at high risk as part of a strategy to reduce breast cancer mortality in Guatemala.
Long Noncoding RNA LINC02747 Promotes the Proliferation of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma by Inhibiting miR-608 and Activating TFE3
Authors: Ju Xiang , Sun Yangyang , Zhang Feng , Wei Xiaohui , Wang Zhenguo , He Xiaozhou
Published: August 2020

Background: With the rapid development of biotechnology, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have exhibited good application prospects in the treatment of cancer, and they may become new treatment targets for cancer. This study aimed to explore lncRNAs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods: Differentially expressed lncRNAs in 54 pairs of ccRCC tissues and para-carcinoma tissues were analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the most significant lncRNAs were selected and verified in ccRCC tissues. Results: It was found that lncRNA LINC02747 was highly expressed in ccRCC, which was closely related to high TNM stage and histological grade and poor prognosis of patients. The in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that LINC02747 could promote the proliferation of ccRCC cells. We also found that LINC02747 regulated the proliferation of RCC cells by adsorbing miR-608. Subsequent mechanistic research showed that miR-608 is downregulated in ccRCC, and overexpression of miR-608 can inhibit the proliferation of RCC cells. Moreover, it was found that TFE3 is a direct target gene of miR-608. MiR-608 regulated the proliferation ability of RCC cells by inhibiting TFE3. In conclusion, LINC02747 upregulates the expression of TFE3 by adsorbing miR-608, ultimately promoting the proliferation ability of ccRCC cells. Conclusions: LINC02747 acts as an oncogene in ccRCC and may be developed as a molecular marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of ccRCC. The LINC02747/miR-608/TFE3 pathway may become a new therapeutic target for ccRCC.
Safety and Feasibility of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Feng Ying , Huang Jianying , Wu Jianyuan , Xu Yan , Chen Bo , Jiang Lijun , Xiang Hui , Peng Zhiyong , Wang Xinghuan
Published: August 2020

Background: We aim to explore the safety and feasibility of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transplantation in severe and critically severe type Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.Methods: In addition to normal therapy, we performed four times transplantation of UC-MSCs in 16 severe and critically severe type COVID-19 patients. We observed adverse events from enrollment to D28. We evaluated the oxygenation index, inflammatory biomarkers, chest imaging, lymphocyte subsets count et al on the 7th day (D7±1 day), the 14th day (D14±1 day) and the 28th day (D28±3 days).Results: There were no infusion-related or allergic reactions. The oxygenation index was improved after transplantation. The mortality of enrolled patients was 6.25%. The level of cytokines estimated was varied in normal range, the chest imaging was improved, the lymphocyte count and lymphocyte subsets count were recovered after transplantation.Conclusions: Intravenous transplantation of UC-MSCs was safe and feasible for treatment in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Trial registration: Clinical Trial, NCT04269525. Registered 7 February 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04269525
Cytomorphological Patterns of Palpable Breast Lesions Diagnosed on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Jimma Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Abera Wondimu , Angaw Dessie Abebaw , Bezabih Mesele , Hunegnaw Melkamu Tamir
Published: August 2020

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, in 2012 with nearly 1.7 million new cases were diagnosed. This represents about 12% of all new cancer cases and 25% of all cancers in women. In low and middle-income countries (LMCs), the infrastructure and resources for routine screening mammography are often unavailable.Objective: The objective of this study focused on determining the cytomorphologic patterns of palpable breast lesions in Jima University Specialized Hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done on breast FNAC medical records. Analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Chi square test was applied to check the significant effect of independent variables on the dependent variables.Result: In this study 735 patients were included and the overall distribution of the lesion was benign neoplastic (51%), non-neoplastic (28%), malignancy (17%) and suspicious (4%). The most common lesions in male were non-neoplastic and in female were benign neoplastic groups. The majority of (49.3%) breast lesions were located in the left breast followed by right breast (43.9%).Conclusion: This study supports the usefulness of cytomorphological diagnostic techniques in the workout of breast lesions, confirms the predominance of benign breast lesions in the young and the occurrence of age independency in malignancy.