bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arahan Pelestarian Kampung Melayu sebagai Kawasan Cagar Budaya (Berdasarkan Identifikasi Bangunan Bersejarah dan Aktivitas Budaya)
Authors: Kurniati Rina
Published: May 2023

Pelestarian kota merupakan salah satu kegiatan untuk melestarikan suatu kota atau kawasan dengan benda-benda cagar budaya yang dimilikinya sebagai aset berharga dari perjalanan sejarah suatu kota atau kawasan. Konservasi kawasan diperlukan untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap kawasan bersejarah termasuk mengendalikanperkembangan kawasan agar tidak hilang identitas kesejarahan dan kebudayaannya. Salah satu kawasan cagar budaya yang membutuhkan arahan pelestarian ini adalah kawasan Kampung Melayu yang merupakan kampung kuno dengan nilai kesejarahan tinggi serta memiliki arti penting dalam pembentukan Kota Semarang. Kampung Melayu memiliki potensi citra budaya yang khas, yaitu multi etnik serta beragam artefak arsitektur seperti Masjid Menara Layur, Klenteng Kampung Melayu, Rumah India, Rumah Melayu, Rumah Jawa, Rumah Banjar serta beberapa artefak penting lainnya seperti Pelabuhan Lama Semarang dan Kanal Baru. Masyarakat Kampung Melayu juga masih menjaga kitab-kitab kuno peninggalan para habib penyebar agama Islam di Semarang yang tersimpan dalam Masjid Layur. Arahan pelestarian juga dilakukan kepada aktivitas budaya yang menjadi ciri khas kawasan dalam memegang erat tradisi keagamaan terutama agama Islam.
J. G. Feinberg – I. Landa – J. Mervart (vyd.), Karel Kosík and the Dialectics of the Concrete
Authors: Formanová Josefína
Published: May 2023

Book review on J. G. Feinberg – I. Landa – J. Mervart (vyd.) Karel Kosík and the Dialectics of the Concrete. Leiden – Boston (Brill) 2022, 378 str.
Zpráva o konferenci The Pattern and the Image
Authors: Dudzik Pavel
Published: May 2023

Conference Report.
Dějiny napsané na zeď. K Benjaminovu pojmu aktuality
Authors: Kettner Marek
Published: May 2023

The study aims to explain the meaning and function of the concept of topicality (Aktualität) in Benjamin’s philosophy of history and to show that it can present a relevant alternative to contemporary historiography. In times when society is improving the accuracy of its grasp of history and accumulating ever more data about it, Benjamin’s philosophy is valuable by concerning itself primarily with the problem of presentation (Darstellung) of the topicality of particular historical phenomena. Thanks to a better understanding of the concept of topicality, the reader will be able to see why Benjamin thought that to respond to what is “actual” in the sense of “topical” or “timely” in history is more important than specifying or accumulating data about it. However, in the presentation of a single topical historical object the whole of history is monadologically expressed: Benjamin’s focus on particular, unique phenomena didn’t imply a resignation vis-à-vis the task of expression of the whole.
Přírodovědci na skřipci
Authors: Hladký Vojtěch
Published: May 2023

Opinion.
Nano‐selenium relieved hepatic and renal oxidative damage in hypothyroid rats
Authors: Hosseini Mahmoud , Behehsti Farimah , Marefati Narges , Anaeigoudari Akbar
Published: May 2023

Hypothyroidism can induce oxidative stress. Nano‐selenium (Nano Sel) has antioxidant effects. The current research explored Nano Sel effects on hepatic and renal oxidative damage induced by hypothyroidism in rats. Animals were grouped into (1) Control; (2) Propylthiouracil (PTU) group which received water mixed with 0.05% of PTU; (3) PTU‐Nano Sel 50; (4) PTU‐Nano Sel 100; and (5) PTU‐Nano Sel 150. Besides PTU, the PTU‐Nano Sel groups were treated with 50, 100, or 150 μg/kg of Nano Sel intraperitoneally. Treatments were done for 6 weeks. The serum level of T4, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin, total protein, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was evaluated. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total thiol concentration and the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in hepatic and renal tissues also were checked. Hypothyroidism induced by PTU significantly increased AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, BUN, and MDA concentration and noticeably reduced albumin, total protein, total thiol level, and SOD and CAT activity. Administration of Nano Sel ameliorated the adverse effects of hypothyroidism on liver and kidney function. Nano Sel applied protective effects against hepatic and renal damage resulting from hypothyroidism via ameliorating the oxidative stress status. More cellular and molecular experiments need to be done to understand the exact mechanisms.
Micro-structured polyethylene film as an optically selective and self-cleaning layer for enhancing durability of radiative coolers
Authors: Jiang Yi , Wang Jiahao , Zhou Yaya , Li Jinlei , Chen Zipeng , Yao Pengcheng , Ge Haixiong , Zhu Bin
Published: May 2023

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) as a zero-energy cooling technology that reflects most of sunlight and emits infrared thermal radiation to outer space, has attracted much attention. However, most PDRC materials suffer dust accumulation problem during long-term use, seriously detrimental to their cooling performance. Here, we demonstrate a micro-structured polyethylene film fabricated through a scalable hot embossing lithography (named HELPE), enables good superhydrophobic property and therefore excellent self-cleaning performance as a universal protective layer for most PDRC materials. Specifically, the precisely designed three-dimensional periodic micron columns on polyethylene film allow for high water droplet contact angle of 151°, and the intrinsic molecular bindings of polyethylene endow low solar absorption (A = 3.3 %) and high mid-infrared transmission (T = 82.3 %) for negligible optical impacts on underlying PDRC materials. Taking polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) radiative cooler as an example, when covered with the HELPE film the net cooling performance maintains unchanged (7.5 °C in daytime and 4.5 °C in nighttime) compared to that without HELPE film. After 12 days continuous outdoor experiment, none of obvious dust accumulation can be observed on the radiative cooler covered with HELPE film. Our work offers a universal pathway for most PDRC materials toward practical applications with minimal maintenance need.
Improved GA-PSO algorithm for feature extraction of rolling bearing vibration signal
Authors: Hao Lixia
Published: May 2023

To better extract the characteristics of rolling bearing vibration signals, the author proposes a method based on improved genetic algorithm-particle swarm optimization (GA-PSO) algorithm. The common time-domain and frequency-domain feature index construction vectors were extracted based on vibration signals, for signal prediction, by establishing an improved particle swarm algorithm, and by optimizing the signal feature model of the support vector machine (SVM), the signal of the rolling bearing was predicted. The experimental results show that: After the author’s improved particle swarm algorithm optimizes SVM, the signal characteristic accuracy of the bearing is significantly higher, the regression fitting curve is smoother, although the fitting trend is basically the same, the error is significantly higher, this shows that it is feasible to optimize SVM’s rolling bearing signal characteristics based on particle swarm optimization, and proved the author’s improvement of the particle swarm algorithm, it is effective in optimizing SVM parameters. It is proved that the improved GA-PSO algorithm can better extract the characteristics of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing.
Subnational Coercion during Aleksei Navalny’s Presidential Campaign in Russia
Authors: Semenov Andrei , Popkova Elizaveta
Published: May 2023

In this article, we study the subnational variation in the deployment of the politically motivated coercion during Aleksei Navalny’s 2017–18 presidential campaign in Russia. We posit that the strategic consideration behind the use of coercion helps to explain why some subnational authorities relied heavily on repressive tactics while others abstained from it. As regime agents aim at preventing mobilization from escalating, in resource abundant localities they must be more proactive. Also, they have to develop organizational capacities and overcome political constraints. Hence, we expect higher intensity of repression in the cities where propensity and capacity to repress are higher, and constraints are lower. We test these propositions against the data on the incidents of coercion in 159 cities and find some tentative support for this theory.
MOBILE-BASED SOCIAL DISTANCING AWARENESS SYSTEM INTEGRATED WITH GPS SENSOR: A CASE STUDY OF UMP STUDENTS
Authors: Shin Yi Hoe , Abdul Majid Mazlina , Abu Bakar Noor Akma
Published: May 2023

Social distancing is becoming a norm in everyone’s daily life due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As the pandemic has only started two years ago, there are not many social distancing awareness systems specifically made for higher education institutions (HEI) students. As many students are required to return to the campus to partake in physical lessons and assessment, social distancing practice is very important to reduce the risk of spreading of the viruses. Social Distancing Awareness System is a mobile application that helps students to increase their social distancing awareness. The objective of this research is to alert users to practise social distancing by developing a proposed system called mobile application for social distancing awareness. The proposed system applies the agile model of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) as the methodology for this work. The proposed system will detect nearby devices using GPS and save the location of detection coordinates. The system will generate reports for social distancing scores to show students’ records of their social distancing practice. The risk of the detected device is categorised based on the distance between user coordinates. The closer the device to the students, the higher the risk and shall be able to get detection details sent by GPS sensors. The system will send notifications to the students’ devices to warn them about their surroundings. Conclusively, the findings from this work are described as follows; the system is able to generate a social distancing report score based on the detection log to provide statistics to UMP students on their social distancing practices. Thus, the social distancing awareness has been increased. The proposed system was found to be a useful application for the social distancing detection in order to ensure that one of the SOPs during the COVID-19 pandemics is performed by students.
PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS OF THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK UNDER UNCERTAINTY OF THE DISEASE SPREADING
Authors: Rosli Norhayati , Muhammad Noryanti , Ahmad Zuber Muhammad Fahmi
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 pandemic was identified in Wuhan, China in 2019 and has spread at a tremendous rate affecting all countries over the world. Understanding the spreading disease is crucial; hence, the dynamic behaviour of the disease can be predicted. This paper is aimed to model the COVID-19 outbreak by extending the deterministic susceptible-infected-recovered-death (DSIRD) into a stochastic SIRD (SSIRD) model. Infectious rate parameter of the DSIRD model is perturbed with Brownian motion to reflect the uncertainty of the COVID-19 outbreak. Fourth order stochastic Runge-Kutta (SRK4) method is used to simulate the model. Parameter estimation is estimated using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The simulated results for three ASEAN countries of Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore indicate that SSIRD model is consistent with the infected COVID-19 data;hence, shows the model is adequate in explaining the behaviour of the infectious disease.
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR SSM COMPANY
Authors: Jing You Tang , Mohd Radzuan Nabilah Filzah
Published: May 2023

Suruhanjaya Syarikat Malaysia (SSM) is a statutory body vested with the power to regulate and oversee corporate and business affairs in Malaysia. Formed in 2002, SSM fulfils its function as the leading authority for improving corporate governance by ensuring compliance with business registration and corporate legislation through comprehensive enforcement and monitoring activities in order to maintain positive developments in the nation's corporate and business sectors. Therefore, this study aims to develop an online website called Inventory Management System to manage the inventory system of SSM companies. The objective is to provide functions that make managing products in the store more effective. Inventory management includes monitoring and supervising purchases from suppliers and consumers, managing inventory, controlling the quantity of goods for sale, and fulfilling orders, all of which are part of the supply chain. The scopes of the project are to track inventory, perform inventory maintenance, update inventory based on sales information, and generate sales and inventory reports on a daily or weekly basis. Inventory management systems are essential for businesses that purchase consumer products to maintain quality control. If inventory is not tracked, online businesses may be out of stock on key products. The powerful inventory management system can help in automatically tracking large items and reducing errors.
STUDENTS' MOTIVATION AND CHALLENGES IN LEARNING VOCABULARY USING SOCIAL MEDIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Ali Zuraina , Ismail Rosnani , Muhammad Nurul Nadia , Ahmad Norun Najjah
Published: May 2023

Social media among young generations can serve as a platform for entertainment and learning. Despite its use to post their status and pictures related to their everyday life, it can be used for education, especially during the pandemic of COVID-19. The current study investigates social media to identify learners' motivation and challenges in using the platform for vocabulary learning. Seventy-two participants were employed in the qualitative study using an open-ended questionnaire. The data gathered using Google form obtained thick descriptions of their motivation and challenges using the platform to learn English vocabulary. Four themes emerged from the responses concerning their motivation. These themes are (1) the availability of useful features to ease understanding, (2) communication across boundaries and the use of English, (3) pleasurable experience provided, and (4) exposure to various sources. Another four themes were formulated regarding the challenges that students faced using social media for learning vocabulary; (1) perceived problems associated with language, (2) social media users' unfavourable feedback and behaviour, (3) issues with an internet connection, and (4) negative effects on the users. The study implied that Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, WhatsApp, Telegram, Tik Tok and WeChat were able to motivate students to learn vocabulary. However, the main obstacle to use these platforms was internet connection issues. The researchers concluded that such was the effect of learning during the pandemic. Internet access might be limited since household members used the service for learning during the pandemic.
Assessment of termite damage in cross-laminated timber sections using micro-computed tomography and vibration analysis
Authors: Shirmohammadi Maryam , Faircloth Adam , Chan Keng-Yew Paul , Fitzgerald Chris
Published: May 2023

The durability of engineered wood products (EWPs) is a parameter yet to be fully investigated and understood. This is specifically important for mass timber structures and cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels. The effect of termites and scale of damage on radiata pine sawn boards have been previously investigated. However, the effects of glue line and the layered structure of CLT exposed to termite feeding in the field in Australia have not been studied. A total of 420 CLT specimens with different exposed faces and layer arrangements were exposed to termite attack in the field. Microcomputer tomography and vibration analysis were used to assess sample conditions before and after 20 weeks exposure. The observed changes showed damage patterns within samples where a glue line and different growth ring patterns were present. The termites created continuous damage along the longitudinal cells through the length and width of the samples. The 3D data showed that the edge gap on the face of panels could potentially act as a pathway for termites entering the core or mid-layers of the panel. The vibration frequency values were lower for samples after the termite exposure. The vibration analysis results showed significant effects of sample direction exposed to termite attack, and percentage of mass loss had significant effects on internal friction and damping values determined.
Antibiotic profiles of Shigella and emergence of resistance: An editorial perspective
Authors: Wood Sheila
Published: May 2023

Between January 2008 and February 2009, the isolation rate of Shigella at St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children increased from 0.37% for a 6-month period (Jan - June 2008) to 7.3% for the month of February 2009. This has provided us with the rare opportunity to assess the antimicrobial characteristics of Shigella in our local area. Tabulation of antimicrobial profiles of all isolates revealed that most were resistant to ampicillin (90%) and some (26%) were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT). All remained susceptible to ciprofloxacin, which, unfortunately, is not always useful for treatment in pediatric patients. Studies in countries where Shigella is endemic reflect emerging resistance to SXT, mecillinam, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, and cefixime. Studies performed at a 10-year interval in an endemic area, showed an increase in SXT resistance of 20% and an increase in nalidixic acid resistance (as a marker for ciprofloxacin resistance) of 32%.1,2 Our new reporting scheme – SXT, ciprofloxacin (tested along with nalidixic acid as a screen for resistance), amoxicillin/clavulinate, and ceftriaxone - reflects the current trends, both locally and globally, in useful antimicrobial profiles for this organism.
COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES OF LPRE
Authors: Vekilov S. Sh. , Lipovskyi V.I.
Published: May 2023

The modern pace and development of rocket technology determine the emergence of high competition in the service market, as well as achievements in the field of scientific, design and industrial activities. Thus, in order to successfully design one of the most complex units of rocket products, liquid propellant rocket engines, one must be aware of the entire production chain, as well as the main features and regularities of both traditional and modern production processes. Not only this knowledge makes it possible to significantly optimize the design and manufacturing process, but also encourages the search for new production and design solutions aimed at significantly reducing costs along with the lead time. In recent years, in the field of rocket engineering, additive manufacturing is gaining more and more popularity as an alternative way of obtaining products. Unlike subtractive manufacturing, additive manufacturing methods make it possible to manufacture products with a significant complex internal structure without the need to apply for additional technological processes of joining parts e.g. welding, soldering, etc. Such simplification significantly shortens the industrial chain, which is practically synonymous with a decrease in the cost of production, as well as a significant increase in the efficiency of the obtained products. One of its indicators is reliability, or the probability of fault-free manufacturing of a part. When designing new rocket products, one of the most complex and the costliest components is the camera, the cost of production of which can sometimes reach up to 50% of the cost of the engine. Therefore, it is advisable to analyze the impact of the use of additive technologies for their production, as well as the qualitative impact on increasing the efficiency of the obtained products.

This paper examines the structure of the LPRE chamber, the main methods of its production, as well as the possibility of using new methods of additive technologies as an alternative to conventional ones. Also, the positive impact of additive technologies on the reliability of manufacturing, which can be considered as one of the indicators of the overall efficiency of the product, is considered.
THE FUNCTIONALITY ESTIMATOR METHOD OF THE PGS GAS PIPELINES COMPENSATORS
Authors: Lohvynenko А.I. , Khomiak V.O.
Published: May 2023

The offered operative method of an estimation of a functioning state of jacks of gas highways of pneumatic hydraulic systems (PHS), with the help, so-called, a power intensity indicator. The algorithm in the form of a number of the equations of gas dynamics for definition of current parametres of a gas stream is made. On concrete examples of designs of jacks, the sequence and results of the calculations are shown, allowing to reveal their most intense working sites, and necessity of their corresponding completion. Besides, for the purpose of economy and convenience of carrying out of technological operations of purges of knots of automatics or highways important parities for replacement of expenses, for example, helium on gases more simple and accessible to work (air, nitrogen) are received. The received recommendations and expressions are successfully confirmed in practice during working out and manufacturing of subsystems PHS of some LV «Zenith», «Cyclone», etc.
FORECASTING THE SERVICEABILITY OF THE RUBBER CORRUGATED SLEEVE OF THE DOCKING NODES OF THE LAUNCH VEHICLE'S THERMOSTATIC CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors: Khorolskyi M.S. , Bigun S.O. , Adamides I.D. , Sanin A.F.
Published: May 2023

One of features of objects of spacerocket technique there is the reliable providing of capacity of the different systems, aggregates, mechanisms on the draught of great while of storage and exploitations for making of elements of that various materials are used. A rubber corrugated sleeve of a three-unit design with three structural elements, each of which is in different stress-deformed states, is used for the connecting nodes of the thermostatic control system. Since rubber as a structural material, having a number of advantages (low density, high elasticity and flexibility, low hardness, competitive price, etc.) compared to metal structural materials, over time quickly loses its technical characteristics, it was of interest to investigate the possibility of ensuring the operability of a rubber corrugated sleeve as a part of the connecting nodes of the thermostatic control system during the warranty period of storage and operation. The reason for this is the aging of rubber over time under the influence of many different factors activated by mechanical stress. Due to the fact that rubber is subject to the principle of temperature-time superposition, predicting the service life of the rubber corrugated sleeve was carried out using the method of accelerated climatic tests at elevated temperature. The testing modes were established according to the total curves for the unknown part of the sleeve, as it is found in the largest stress-strained steel. Pobudov's summation crookedness was based on Arrhenius' victories. The methodology was given to stimulate the sum curve. Testing at a special stand confirmed the conservation of the robotic capacity of the humic sleeve and the jointing on the length of the 15-point operational term with a margin coefficient of 1.5
La Vie de Sabas le Jeune et la Vie de Christophe et Macaire par Oreste de Jérusalem •
Authors: Peters-Custot Annick , Ronconi Filippo
Published: May 2023

Based on the stratigraphic analysis of MS Vat. Gr. 2072, the oldest manuscript of the hagiographical works of the Jerusalem patriarch Orestes (the Life of Sabas the Younger and the Lives of Christopher and Macarius), this article focuses on the complex genesis of these hagiographies in the context of Orestes' biography, as well as in the broader framework of the relationship between Constantinople, the Caliphate, the Papacy, and Ottonian Rome in the 10th and 11th centuries.
La sabiduría jurídica desde los postulados del realismo aristotélico-tomista
Authors: Sánchez-Hidalgo Adolfo-Jorge
Published: May 2023

Partiendo de la hipótesis de que el Derecho es un producto racional y comprensible desde los dictados de la razón, el presente estudio recoge las enseñanzas del realismo clásico o aristotélico-tomista para trazar una clasificación funcional de las diferentes modalidades del conocimiento jurídico: a) la evidencia racional, b) el conocimiento técnico-jurídico, c) el conocimiento científico y d) el conocimiento filosófico. Ahora bien, más allá de la oportunidad teórica de esta división, se defiende que la sabiduría jurídica es un arte prudencial que se realiza caso a caso a la luz de lo justo (quod ipsam res iustam).
Una sigilosa revolución: el feminismo decimonónico español
Authors: Ten-Doménech Mercedes
Published: May 2023

El particular contexto político, económico y social de España en el siglo XIX repercute en la conformación y vías de expresión del movimiento feminista. Las españolas decimonónicas, adheridas al discurso de la complementariedad de los sexos reivindican igualdad educativa y libre acceso al ejercicio profesional. Paradójicamente, hallan legitimación suficiente para sus proclamas en los tradicionales discursos de género acerca de la misión natural encomendada a cada sexo. Se trata de un feminismo que no posee reivindicación política alguna, sino exclusivamente civil y laboral. Sin ser un movimiento propiamente subversivo, asienta las bases para el reconocimiento del principio de igualdad entre hombres y mujeres, logrando desmantelar el atávico prejuicio acerca de la inferioridad congénita del sexo femenino.
Rafael Ramis Barceló, El nacimiento de la Filosofía del Derecho, Dykinson, Madrid, 2021, 256 pp.
Authors: Carpintero Francisco
Published: May 2023

Book Review
Decreased NK cells in cases of severe adenovirus pneumonia with liver dysfunction in pediatric intensive care unit: Evidence from 330 patients
Authors: Yang Yufan , Huang Jiaotian , Yan Haipeng , Li Xun , Zang Ping , Zhang Xinping , Xiao Zhenghui , Lu Xiulan
Published: May 2023

Background: Although the human adenovirus infection is common, adenovirus infection with liver dysfunction is rare.
Methods: To retrospectively analyze and compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with severe adenovirus pneumonia with and without liver dysfunction, who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit of Hunan Children’s Hospital (South China University) between January 2018 and June 2022.
Results: Of the 330 severe adenovirus pneumonia cases analyzed (mean age, 19.88 ± 18.26 months), 102 were girls and 228 were boys. They were divided into two groups: those with liver dysfunction (n = 54) and without liver dysfunction (n = 276). Comparison analysis showed no significant between-group differences in body mass index and levels of white blood cells, neutrophils, platelets, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, creatine kinase, procalcitonin, creatinine, and urea nitrogen. However, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (175.99 U/L vs 30.55 U/L) and aspartate transaminase (215.96 U/L vs 74.30 U/L) were significantly higher in patients with liver dysfunction compared to those without liver dysfunction. Further analysis showed that pediatric patients with liver dysfunction had a significantly lower percentage of natural killer (NK) cells (6.93% vs 8.71%) and higher mortality rate (22% vs 9%) than those without liver dysfunction.
Conclusion: A decrease in serum NK cell levels in pediatric patients with severe adenovirus pneumonia could serve as a marker for monitoring the onset or progression of hepatic damage.
Differences in Urinary Calculi Characteristics among the Three Main Racial Groups in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Naidoo Dhesigan , Ramloutan Vishan
Published: May 2023

Racial differences in the characteristics of urinary calculi are poorly described in the South African context, limiting our local understanding of urolithiasis pathology and thwarting our efforts in designing appropriate preventative interventions. We sought to investigate differences in urinary calculi characteristics among the main racial groups in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with urinary calculi at a quaternary hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, during 2018–2019. We collected data on the patient’s age, sex, race (Caucasian, Asian, Black African), residence, and pre-stenting. Five study outcomes were investigated across racial groups: number of calculi, location of the calculi, size of the calculi, density of the calculi (Hounsfield Unit measurement >600), and the number of operative interventions performed. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, the chi-squared test, and unadjusted/adjusted logistic regression. Our study sample consisted of 147 patients (10.9% Caucasian, 55.8% Asian, and 33.3% Black African). Most patients (86.4%) were from urban areas. A higher proportion of Black Africans had urinary calculi with Hounsfield Unit measurements >600 (P = 0.002). In the logistic regression models, Black Africans had a higher probability of having urinary calculi with Hounsfield Unit measurements >600 (Unadjusted Odds Ratio: 7.17, 95% Confidence Interval: 2.00–27.80; Adjusted Odds Ratio: 18.75, 95% Confidence Interval: 3.37–157.57). Our analysis suggests that Black Africans are at higher risk of having harder urinary calculi than other race groups. This has implications for urolithiasis management and highlights the importance of primary prevention in this group. We recommend additional research to confirm our findings.
Development of object detection from point clouds of a 3D dataset by Point-Pillars neural network
Authors: Bashi Omar I. Dallal , Hameed Husamuldeen K. , Al Kubaiaisi Yasir Mahmood , Sabry Ahmad H.
Published: May 2023

Deep learning algorithms are able to automatically handle point clouds over a broad range of 3D imaging implementations. They have applications in advanced driver assistance systems, perception and robot navigation, scene classification, surveillance, stereo vision, and depth estimation. According to prior studies, the detection of objects from point clouds of a 3D dataset with acceptable accuracy is still a challenging task. The Point-Pillars technique is used in this work to detect a 3D object employing 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) layers. Point-Pillars architecture includes a learnable encoder to use Point-Nets for learning a demonstration of point clouds structured with vertical columns (pillars). The Point-Pillars architecture operates a 2D CNN to decode the predictions, create network estimations, and create 3D envelop boxes for various object labels like pedestrians, trucks, and cars. This study aims to detect objects from point clouds of a 3D dataset by Point-Pillars neural network architecture that makes it possible to detect a 3D object by means of 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) layers. The method includes producing a sparse pseudo-image from a point cloud using a feature encoder, using a 2D convolution backbone to process the pseudo-image into high-level, and using detection heads to regress and detect 3D bounding boxes. This work utilizes an augmentation for ground truth data as well as additional augmentations of global data methods to include further diversity in the data training and associating packs. The obtained results demonstrated that the average orientation similarity (AOS) and average precision (AP) were 0.60989, 0.61157 for trucks, and 0.74377, 0.75569 for cars.
Construction of a flat workpiece for manufacturing a turn of the right helicoid
Authors: Volina Tatiana , Pylypaka Serhii , Hropost Vyacheslav , Kresan Tetiana , Zabolotnii Oleksandr
Published: May 2023

In technology, a common helical surface is a right closed helicoid (auger). It is formed by a helical movement of a horizontal segment, provided that the axis of the auger crosses at one of its ends. The formation of the surface of an open helicoid is similar but the segment must intersect the axis and be located at a constant distance from it. It is known from differential geometry that the helical surface can be transformed by bending to the surface of rotation. This fact is taken as the basis for calculating the geometric shape of a flat workpiece. The surface of the open helicoid is non-disjointed, so the shape of the workpiece must be found in such a way as to minimize plastic deformations during surface formation.
Parametric equations of continuous flexion of the turn of an open helicoid into the section of a single-cavity hyperboloid of rotation have been derived. Continuous bending can be represented as a gradual deformation of the turn while reducing its step. The meridian of hyperboloid rotation is the corresponding area of hyperbola. The hyperboloid section is proposed to be approximated by the surface of the truncated cone. This approximation will be more accurate in the area of the hyperbole where it asymptotically approaches the segment of the right line. After selecting a cone, it becomes possible to determine its size and build its exact sweep since the cone is a unfolding surface. The sweep is constructed in the form of a flat ring with a cut sector and will be the desired flat workpiece to form a turn of the auger from it.
Most accurately, the surface of the turn of the open helicoid can be made by stamping the workpiece of the resulting form. For small-scale production of the helical surface of an open helicoid, it is advisable to weld flat rings together and, during installation, stretch along the shaft while twisting around its axis. The accuracy of the obtained surface will depend on the accuracy of the approximation of the hyperboloid section of rotation with a truncated cone, which is the topic of this work.
Improving the efficiency of mode automation using synchrophasor measurements to identify stability disturbance
Authors: Gunin Alexandr , Tokhtibakiev Karmel , Saukhimov Almaz , Bektimirov Anur , Didorenko Eugene
Published: May 2023

The paper presents new approaches and principles for identifying the conditions of stability disturbance based on detecting dangerous disturbances in the early stages using information about changes in regime parameters and their Rate of Change. As a mode parameter, the mutual voltage angle between the controlled 500 kV substation and its Rate of Change was selected in the study. It is suggested to take the values of the mentioned parameters from the Wide Area Measurements System (WAMS). The relevance of the research is due to the need to improve the efficiency and eliminate the drawbacks of existing revealing devices of regime automatics, which will reduce the number of accidents due to disturbances of the power system stability. The proposed principle of predicting stability violation is based on using the provision of Lyapunov’s stability theory, according to which the assessment of stability is carried out by the total system energy consisting of kinetic and potential. In contrast to the existing principles of detecting stability violation, where the exit from the stability area is determined by the main parameter (potential energy), the prediction principle allows evaluating stability by its rate of change (kinetic energy), which provides the early detection of stability disturbance.
Calculations were performed on modeling power surges in the North-South interconnection of the Kazakhstan Unified Energy System in the «DigSILENT Power Factory» software on the model, which was verified by real perturbations in the power system according to the WAMS data. The calculations confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed principles and the possibility of using WAMS data for detecting emergency power surges on transit power networks in the initial stage
Improving the technology of aeration of the food system of mousse at horeca enterprises
Authors: Dzyuba Nadya , Oliinyk Mariia , Kalugina Iryna , Poplavska Svitlana , Bortnykov Yevhenii , Zakharova Svitlana
Published: May 2023

There is an interest in sweet dishes such as aerated desserts, which are gaining popularity among consumers. Raw materials of plant origin, used in the technology of aerated products, are intended mainly to improve their quality characteristics. Especially for enrichment with protein substances, micro and macro elements, vitamins, as well as to obtain a product rich in dietary fiber content. In the segment of aerated dessert products, a distinctive feature of which is the multistage of the production process and the need to use special equipment, technologies involve the use of foam and structure-forming food additives. For the formation of a whipped and stable structure, as well as the addition of surfactants that can cover the surfaces of bubbles and prevent their coalescence, food additives of various origins are used. Therefore, it is relevant to investigate the foaming ability and stability of aerated desserts and improve the technological parameters of the processes or foam structures of desserts. It is necessary to take into account the structural and mechanical properties of aerated dessert products, which are the main characteristics of the quality of aerated desserts. Thus, it is relevant to devise technologies for aerated desserts and food additives in their composition, which will serve as a stabilizing agent, as well as a dietary supplement.
A recipe for aerated dessert – mousse based on fermented milk cheese with the introduction of a complex additive into the recipe – was developed. The optimal amount of food additive in the composition of aerated dessert, which is 3 % of the recipe composition, has been established, which will ensure the stability of the food system of aerated products, in particular mousses. The influence of the additive on the structural and mechanical properties of the food system of dessert has been investigated.
The experimental data could be used for improving technologies for the production of aerated desserts.
Numerical solution of the control problem on the depletion of gas reservoirs with weakly permeable top
Authors: Mamtiyev Kamil , Rzayeva Ulviyya , Abdulova Aygun
Published: May 2023

The current stage in the development of mathematical and software support for the processes of designing the development of hydrocarbon fields is characterized not only by the improvement of the means of geological and hydrodynamic modeling of reservoir fluid filtration but also by the use of algorithms for optimizing the development of gas deposits. The paper considers the problem of optimal control of the depletion of a gas reservoir with a low-permeability top. Using the so-called Myatiev-Girinsky hydraulic scheme, a two-dimensional equation describing the unsteady gas flow in a reservoir with a jumper is averaged over the capacity of the productive reservoir. This comes down to a one-dimensional equation with an additional term, taking into account gas-dynamic relationships between the reservoir and the jumper. For the numerical solution of process control problems, a formula for the gradient of the functional characterizing the reservoir depletion is found, and the method of successive approximations based on Pontryagin’s maximum principle is applied. In this case, the direct and conjugate boundary value problems are solved by the method of straight lines, and the required flow rate, without taking it beyond the maximum and minimum possible, is found by the gradient projection method with a special choice of step. A brief block diagram of the algorithm for solving the problem is shown; on its basis, a computer program was compiled. The results of calculations are presented to identify the influence of the values of the complex communication parameter not only on the state of the object but also on the operating mode of the well. The expediency of using the presented optimization tool is dictated by an increase in the share of deposits
Determining the influence of pre-preparation of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) on the total duration of drying
Authors: Petrova Zhanna , Slobodianiuk Kateryna , Grakov Oleksii
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive studies into the influence of various types of preliminary preparation of blueberry berries for drying have established the amount of wax coating, color, and the total duration of dehydration of raw materials. A comparison of 2 types of preliminary preparation was made: hygrothermal treatment and infrared radiation treatment directly during drying. It was established that after treatment with infrared radiation, 53 times more wax plaque came off the berries than after hygrothermal treatment. Microscopic studies of sections of the parenchymal part of berries recorded the state of the cell membranes and the color of the raw materials without prior processing, with pretreatment, and after drying. It was found that berries dried without pretreatment (mode parameters of heat carrier: t=70 °C, v=2 m/s, d=10 g/kg dry air. Win=85 %, ) have partially destroyed cell membranes but the color of the dried material is preserved to the maximum. It was observed that the berries after hygrothermal treatment have partially destroyed parts of the cell membrane, which makes it possible to more intensively release moisture from the material after drying, the maximum color of the product is also preserved. In berries, after treatment with infrared radiation of 100 W for 10 minutes, the cells remain convex with partial destruction of the shell of some cells but, after pretreatment, the intensity of color decreases. Studies into the kinetics of drying blueberry berries have confirmed that the use of infrared radiation with a capacity of 100 W for 10 minutes with simultaneous drying under the regime parameters of the heat carrier t=60 °C, v=3 m/s, d=10 g/kg dry air. makes it possible to reduce wax coating on blueberry berries and to intensify thermal moisture exchange during drying of berries better than using hygrothermal treatment
Improving the scientific methodological approach to determining the appropriate type of reservation of a reconnaissance fire system
Authors: Maistrenko Oleksandr , Stetsiv Stanislav , Savelіev Andrii , Petushkov Volodymyr , Kornienko Alexander , Pechorin Oleksandr , Stehura Serhii , Radivilov Oleksandr , Pochynok Serhii
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is the process of choosing the appropriate types of reservation of reconnaissance fire systems under the conditions of performing a combat mission.
The problem that was solved is the unsuitability of existing scientific and methodological apparatus to substantiate the appropriate type of reservation for reconnaissance and fire systems under specific conditions for performing a combat mission.
Possible types of reservation of reconnaissance fire systems have been analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, appropriate types of reservation were established, in particular, active, unactive, majoritarian sliding, distributed, for subsystems, as well as general reservation.
A feature of this analysis is that it was carried out taking into account the peculiarities of the functioning of reconnaissance and fire systems. This makes it possible to eliminate existing problem associated with the complexity of the use of reconnaissance and fire systems in a combat event.
The scope of practical use of the results of the proposed analysis is the management processes associated with the creation, layout, and use of reconnaissance and fire systems in military administration bodies.
A methodology for determining the appropriate type of reservation of reconnaissance fire systems has been devised.
A feature of the proposed procedure is the choice of such a type of reservation that makes it possible to save the resource of elements, provided that the task is completed. The proposed methodology ensures an increase in the stability of the functioning of reconnaissance and fire systems by an average of 20 % for the conditions adopted within the limits of the example. The proposed methodology closes the problem part, which concerns the procedure and rules for choosing the appropriate type of reservation.
The scope and conditions for the practical use of the proposed methodology are management processes related to the planning and determination of the projected effectiveness of hostilities by military authorities
Development of a technology to produce titanium powder with a low carbon footprint
Authors: Gonchar Andrii , Troshchylo Viktor , Brodskyy Andriy , Yarovynskyi Volodymyr , Chukhmanov Oleksandr
Published: May 2023

This paper reports the analysis of modern technologies for the production of titanium from oxide raw materials. It has been established that current industrial methods for producing titanium require the use of carbon as a reducing agent and, accordingly, cannot decrease carbon emissions without changing the technology. That is why devising a technology for producing titanium with a reduction in emissions of carbon components is a relevant task. So, the object of research is the technology of obtaining titanium from its oxide without the use of carbon components. It was found that an integrated approach to the preparation of raw materials and the separation of reduction processes with the successive use of two types of reducing agents – magnesium and calcium, made it possible to create an effective process for producing titanium without the use of carbon reducing agents. The influence of calcium and magnesium chlorides as promoters of the reduction process was revealed. Experimental studies have established that the shape and density of raw materials significantly affect the efficiency of the reduction process by streamlining the reducing agent flows and reaction products in the furnace charge. The established regularities made it possible to improve the process of reduction of titanium oxide to obtain samples of titanium powders with an oxygen content of 0.17 %, which corresponds to international standards for titanium alloys and powders. Additional plasma treatment made it possible to obtain materials that were suitable for additive processes in all respects. A systematic approach to the utilization of reaction products made it possible to devise a technological scheme in which all possible waste is either returned to the technological process after treatment or processed into marketable products. Based on the results of the study, a technological scheme for obtaining powders of titanium alloys from titanium oxide by complex reduction in two stages – magnesium and calcium – was developed. The proposed scheme involves standard metallurgical processes and is brought to standard processes and equipment of metallurgical enterprises and chemical industry.
In terms of practical significance, the results of this work could be used in the development of industrial technology to produce titanium from titanium dioxide without the use of carbon components.