bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specific features of pressure pulsation control in combustion chambers of land based gas turbine units
Authors: Skiba D. V. , Maksimov D. A. , Kashapov R. S. , Kharisov T. S.
Published: January 2022

LLC SPC Teplofizika, developing low-emission combustion chambers with premixing of fuel for ground application gas turbine installations, investigates the problems associated with the occurrence of pressure pulsations in the combustion chambers, as well as with the methods of their registration and measurement. To date, there is no unified method for assessing and calculating the amplitude-frequency characteristics of these pulsations and their measurement in general. This article is based on many years of experience in measuring and recording pressure pulsations under the conditions of a test bench and operation. Methods for evaluating and accumulating measurement results are presented, criteria for determining the average frequency and amplitude of oscillations are developed, reproducible in the course of experiments and during full-scale measurements. To detect vibrating combustion, an additional criterion of coherence of vibrations is also used with the aid of the entropy coefficient. As a result of the computational and experimental study, we find that the pulsation pressure in the volume of the combustion chamber does not allow the use of probes for measuring pressure pulsations in the air volume of the combustion chamber to reliably prevent the occurrence of vibrating combustion during its operation.
Determining static stiffness of damper elastic rings
Authors: Diligensky D. S. , Novikov D. K. , Boyarov K. V.
Published: January 2022

The article describes a method for experimental evaluation of the stiffness of an elastic damper ring. A thin-walled low-stiffness ring with uniformly distributed smooth protrusions on the inner and outer surfaces acts as a damper ring. Despite the widespread use of such a design in domestic and foreign mechanical engineering, control of the characteristics of this element and, accordingly, of the support as a whole remains quite difficult. A numerical model was developed, the reliability of which is confirmed by analytical calculations. To check the data obtained by numerical calculations, a special device was designed, which was installed on the galdabini tensile testing machine, where a series of measurements was carried out. Analysis of the data obtained showed a significant difference between the numerical, analytical and experimental data, which can be explained by the discrepancy between the equipment used and the boundary conditions of the theoretical model. The parameters of the device were selected in such a way that its rigidity was much higher than the rigidity of the elastic ring under study. The paper describes the improvement of both the design of the device and the method for determining the stiffness of the elastic ring of the damper using the specified measuring equipment. After making corrections, the obtained data on the scatter of the stiffness of the elastic ring are in good agreement with the analytical and numerical dependence, which makes it possible to use the data of the latter to refine the analytical methods in the future
Resultados gerenciais com o uso das ferramentas da qualidade, na implantação do programa de qualidade gerencial em um quartel do exército brasileiro
Authors: Serri Silva Marco Antonio , Craco Tânia , Biegelmeyer Uiliam Hahn , Nunes Pozzo Danielle , Camargo Maria Emilia
Published: January 2022

Ainda que a discussão sobre as ferramentas da qualidade seja considerada exaurida por algumas linhas teóricas, a necessidade da compreensão de parâmetros contextuais ainda apresenta grande relevância, tanto para contribuir com os modelos acadêmicos existentes quanto para aperfeiçoar práticas de mercado. Na premissa de estudo de organizações e contextos atípicos, este artigo apresenta um estudo descritivo do processo de implantação de um programa de qualidade em uma organização militar brasileira, bem como as decorrências e os resultados de curto prazo alcançados a partir da iniciativa. O estudo realizado no 3o Grupo de Artilharia Antiaérea de Caxias do Sul, Brasil, foi construído a partir de instrumentos quantitativos e qualitativos com base em um recorte transversal de coleta. Os resultados apontam que aspectos do ambiente específico geraram reações atípicas aos processos de mudança e implantação do modelo de qualidade, se comparado aos casos industriais tradicionais. Adicionalmente, ferramentas tradicionais como a matriz (SWOT) e o gráfico de causa e efeito, embora já amplamente conhecidos no mercado, construíram novos paradigmas nesse ambiente, gerando resultados significativos em curto prazo.
Implicaciones del COVID-19 en la seguridad y el rol de la FAC en el marco de la pandemia durante el año 2020
Authors: Santos Barón María Alejandra
Published: January 2022

El 11 de marzo de 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró la pandemia por el virus llamado COVID-19 por la expansión y contagio del mismo, en varios países del mundo. En ese sentido, la pandemia ha generado varios efectos sociales, económicos, políticos y de seguridad. Este documento que tiene como objetivo describir los efectos que trajo la pandemia del COVID-19 durante el año 2020 para la seguridad y defensa, así como el rol que jugó la FAC para mitigar y contener el virus. Al respecto, el enfoque metodológico cualitativo permite describir las implicaciones que generó el COVID-19 en la seguridad y defensa nacional. De esta manera, la investigación arrojó que la pandemia del COVID-19 generó unos efectos en la seguridad y la defensa, como el control ejercido por los gao en la población civil, y el aumento de los controles fronterizos por parte de las FF. MM. También supuso que las FF. MM., particularmente la FAC, utilizaran sus capacidades aéreas para contribuir con la mitigación y contención del virus.
Reacciones, retos en seguridad y nuevos roles de la fuerza pública en pandemia
Authors: Molinares Torres María Fernanda
Published: January 2022

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha traído retos a todos los países en diferentes aspectos. La labor preventiva, articulada y armónica entre diferentes instituciones y el compromiso de la comunidad son fundamentales para contrarrestar la propagación y los efectos del virus. A partir del análisis de documentos e informes sobre la situación y la respuesta a nivel mundial y regional frente a la pandemia, el manejo de la seguridad en la región y la disposición de sus fuerzas públicas, el estudio del caso colombiano y las acciones implementadas en la ciudad de Barranquilla se evidenciará cómo la cooperación internacional, la prevención e intervención social, el trabajo articulado entre diferentes entidades e instituciones y sus niveles, el compromiso y el buen comportamiento de la ciudadanía son indispensables y han sido la clave para que la situación de contagios y las olas de estos en esta ciudad no se hayan salido totalmente de control.
A napenergia hatásai a hazai térben
Authors: Baranyai Gergő
Published: January 2022

A cikk a napenergia felhasználás hatásaival foglalkozik a hazai térben. Fontosnak tartotom a témát, mert Magyarország napenergia hasznosíthatóság szempontjából, természetföldrajzi potenciálokat tekintve európai összehasonlításban is rendkívül jó helyzetben van. Egyre több az olyan felhasználó, - legyen szó települési szintű, céges vagy magánszemély fogyasztókról, -amelyek felismerik a napenergiában rejlő lehetőségeket és azt a saját, a közösségük hasznára fordítják. A jó adottságok kihasználása hazánkban nagyobb területen, intenzívebben is megvalósulhatna, amihez többek között a napenergia, mint alternatív energiaforrás megismertetésére lenne szükség a közösségekkel, leendő felhasználókkal. A helyzet azonban úgy tűnik, nem ennyire egyszerű. A decentralizált, helyi energiatermeléshez az adott régiókban, településeken számos egyéb feltételnek kell teljesülnie. A különböző tényezők megléte esetén a napenergia hasznosítása sokféle pozitív hatást képes gyakorolni a térben. Éppen ezért a tanulmányban a napenergiára, mint potenciális területi tőkére tekintek, amely kihasználásának feltétele a régiókban, településeken lévő faktorok minősége és mennyisége. A cikkben vizsgálom a tényezők megléte és a naperőművi kapacitások mennyisége közötti összefüggéseket Magyarország régióiban. A hatásokat a cikkben igyekeztem összefoglalni, fontosságukra rávilágítani.
A szolgáltatási minőség mérésének lehetőségei a városi közösségi közlekedési szektorban
Authors: Nemecz Gábor
Published: January 2022

A minőség (elégedettség) mérése legalább annyira fontos a közösségi közlekedési szektorban, mint a gazdaság más ágazatában, hiszen itt a tét az egész társadalom fenntarthatósága. A cél nemcsak a már meglévő utasok elégedettségének növelése, hanem esetlegesen új felhasználók vonzása a rendszerbe. Három európai városban, különböző módszerrel elvégzett felmérés módszertanát és folyamatát vizsgáltam meg, amely kiindulási alapot jelenthet a főváros közösségi közlekedésének felméréséhez.
Tőkebefektetések regionális, történeti összefüggései, különös tekintettel Debrecen városára és a BMW befektetésére
Authors: Pócsik Orsolya
Published: January 2022

A tanulmány főbb célja, hogy bemutassa a tőkemozgások és tőkeáramlások főbb irányait, Magyarországra koncentrálódott külföldi tőke centrum egyik legfontosabb városát, az autóipari nagyhatalom beérkezést váró Debrecent. Pénz és tőkepiacok földrajzi, tértudományi megközelítését érdemes megvizsgálni, amely a világ egyik legnagyobb szektora, s nyomon követhető regionális aspektusból. A tőke fogalmak meghatározásakor tisztázni kell az érdekeket, amelyek mentén az egyes szereplők gondolkodnak. Más lesz az érdeke a tulajdonosnak, az ügyfélnek. A tőkét, mint fogalmat két részre kell osztani, létezik egy elméleti, (gazdaságilag meglévő) tőke, és egy a rendelkezésre álló működő tőke. Az országokba befektetett tőke nagysága korlátozott, mely függ a kihelyezhető tőkétől, ország költségvetés politikájától. A tanulmányom elméleti jellegű, leíró jellegű kutatás. Tanulmányomban rámutatok arra, hogy a multinacionális vállalatok külföldi tőke befektetései hogyan mozgatják a magyar gazdaságot. Debrecen jó példát szolgál a hazai gépjárműgyártás példáján keresztül a városok fejlődésére, fejlesztésére és felemelkedésére.
Egy magyar biztonságtechnikai vállalat ellátási lánca
Authors: Nagy Vivien Ágnes , Kozma Tímea
Published: January 2022

Hazánkban, ha biztonságtechnikáról beszélünk az emberek számos dologra gondolnak. Van, aki a tűzjelzőkre, néhány pedig a biztonsági őrökre, a személy és vagyonvédelemre. Napjainkban pedig egyre jelentősebb szerepet kap a biztonságtechnika, az egyre több elektronikusan működő gépek, berendezések miatt. A jövőben méginkább elterjedtebbé válik a robotika, az Ipar 4.0 mindenhova begyűrüző hatása. Tanulmányunkban a vállalat ellátási láncát vizsgáljuk, fényt derítünk arra, honnan indul a beszerzési folyamat, hogyan jut el az alkatrész a gyártási folyamatig, majd onnan az elosztóközpontba. Az elemzés során feltárjuk a folyamatban lévő esetleges hibákat, réseket, melyekre preventív megoldást javaslunk a jövőre vonatkozóan.
Operating urban public transport rail infrastructure and vehicles over planned life cycle and its economic aspects within the company
Authors: Takács Péter
Published: January 2022

If you accept the principle that a tangible asset can be operated as long as it is considered usable, operating conditions must be evaluated at the end of its life expectancy. Of course, life expectancy is different when we run a light bulb or an airplane therefore we will need some risk assessment and a science based continued operation protocol (SCOP). The idea of developing a SCOP came from BKV Zrt. and it was formed by 2012, with expertise help. SCOP is a model that keeps growing and requires fine tuning but the fact that BKV Zrt applies it on a daily basis, proves its success. In my thesis I now describe the key aspects of the operation of vehicles over the planned lifespan and analyse the model for further development.
A rövid ellátási lánc és újfajta értékesítési rendszer létjogosultságának vizsgálata a kecskeméti járásban
Authors: Orbán Zsolt Á.
Published: January 2022

Miközben a szakirodalom és az Unió politikája a helyi termékek és a rövid ellátási láncok szerepét hangsúlyozza, a kisebb mezőgazdasági termelők piaci esélyei egyre kilátástalanabbak a nagy multinacionális cégek ár-leszorító hatásának következtében, mely a lokális kapcsolatrendszerekben is tetten érhető. Fő célom az volt, hogy vizsgáljam, miként jellemezhető a rövid ellátási lánc klasszikusának számító helyi piac, és annak működése segíthető-e modern megoldásokkal. Primer kutatásomban arra kerestem a választ, hogy egy általam kiválasztott területen - a kecskeméti városi termelői piacon, és a kecskeméti járásban lévő gazdáknak milyen véleményük formálódott ki az utóbbi években a magyar termékekről és a magyar termékek értékesítéséről. A városi piacon megforduló vásárlókat a vásárlási szokásaikról kérdeztem meg, miért járnak oda, milyen termékeket vásárolnak és hogyan informálódnak az új termékekkel kapcsolatban. A helyi termelőket Kecskemét járásában hasonló kérdésekkel kérdeztem meg, csak az értékesítési oldalról. Milyen nehéz eladni ma magyar terméket, amikor sok multinacionális cég mellett a versenyhátrányuk jelentős. Továbbá a vásárlókat és a termelőket is megkérdeztem, mit szólnának egy olyan újfajta rendszerhez, ahol nem csak információkat kapnának a vásárlók a helyi termékekről, de azokat ott meg is vásárolhatnák.
Borfogyasztói és borturisztikai felmérés Monoron
Authors: Bazsik István , Koncz Gábor
Published: January 2022

Monor a magyar bortermelés nagy hagyományokkal bíró területe, amely kis ültetvény méretével, de európai léptékben is jelentős, több mint 900 pincés pincefalujával különleges adottságokkal bír. A kutatás rávilágít, hogy a Monori járáson kívül nem ismert a monori pincefalu, méretéről, létezéséről sem tud a válaszadók többsége. A megkérdezettek, 46,7%-a tudott helyes választ megjelölni arra, hogy mi az OEM megjelölés, és a minta mindössze 36,4% tudta, hogy van Monori OEM. Összesen 280 fő válaszolt arra a kérdésre, hogy ha részt vett monori borrendezvényen, akkor mennyire volt elégedett. A válaszok súlyozott átlaga 7,51 volt 10-es Likert-skálán, tehát az elégedettség magas szintű. A monori bornak rendszeres fogyasztója kizárólag a Monori járásban van. Ez kiemelten jelzi, hogy a rövid ellátási láncú értékesítés nélkül a helyi termelés nem létezhetne. Emellett Budapest és környéke lehet expanziós célpont. A válaszadók 85%-a a monori borral szemben komolyabb fenntartással nincs, azt többnyire jónak értékeli. A megkérdezettek 33,1%-a 500 és 1000 Ft közötti árat fizetne egy palack borért, közel 40%-a 1000-1500 Ft közötti összeget sem sajnálna erre a célra. Ezalapján a megkérdezettek többsége, a monori palackozott borért többet fizetne, mint a korrigált országos átlagár. Egy liternyi palackozott bor és a folyóbor iránti fizetésihajlandóságot összevetve 2-2,6-szeres árat lehet elérni, amely belátható, hogy extraprofitot eredményez a palackozott termék értékesítése esetén. A válaszadók több mint 85%-a venne Monori bort, a palackozott és a folyó borra leadott preferencia szavazatok számosságát vizsgálva, a palackozott bort 1,5-szer többen vennék meg, mint a folyóbort. Szín alapján a fehér borok támogatottsága minden korosztályban a legmagasabb. A Z generációnál idősebb korosztályokban, ezt követi a vörös, majd a rozé.
The impact of population processes on adult training in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County between 2010 and 2019
Authors: Hajdú Dávid
Published: January 2022

The study examines the population processes of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County and the correlations of the participants in adult training between 2010 and 2019. The County's resident population is steadily declining, with the decline exceeding 110,000 over the past 20 years. The number of deaths each year exceeded the number of live births. The County has a slow process of depopulation and is characterized by aging. The county is characterized by significant migration losses, due to high unemployment and a relatively low employment rate. The solution to reducing unemployment can be adult training, which can respond quickly to changes in the labor market, thus reducing the emigration caused by unemployment. Research seeks to answer the question of how declining resident population affects participation in adult training.
Spatial analysis of certain population processes in the Danube wine region
Authors: Járdány Krisztián
Published: January 2022

Bearing in mind that five of the seven priority initiatives of the Europe 2020 Strategy deal with demographic criteria, I largely think that it is important to present some of the population processes of the Danube wine region, the largest viticulture and wine region in Hungary. I have chosen 10 years between 2010-2019 as the studying period. My aim was to place the examined demographic processes in territorial dimensions and paying attention to spatial contexts. Data from secondary sources were analyzed using the Herfindahl – Hirschman index, location coefficient, and spatial autocorrelation. Studies have shown that the wine region is experiencing population decline and an aging process. However, the spatial structure of this process shows an unbalanced picture that differs from age group to age group. With the help of the methods used, a strong clustering of population process could be detected for the examined age groups. The identified demographic trends could have a serious negative impact on several social and economic phenomena in the future, regarding the labor supply of the wineries operating in the area.
Gazdaságfejlesztés a Kárpát-medencében a vajdasági népesedési folyamatok tükrében
Authors: Juhász Bálint
Published: January 2022

Vajdaság, földrajzi és közigazgatási egység, Szerbia északi részén terül el, kedvező földrajzi fekvéssel rendelkezik. A területet intenzív népmozgások, a nemzeti arányok folyamatos változásai jellemezték. Mai területén 26 nemzetiség él, amelyek közül a magyar közösség a legszámottevőbb. A tartományi hivatalokban hat hivatalos nyelv van használatban. A nemzeti identitás megőrzésének vitathatatlan előfeltételei: az anyanyelv használatának lehetősége, az anyanyelvű oktatás megszervezése, az anyanyelvű tájékoztatás biztosítása és a népi hagyományok, kultúra megélése, továbbadása az új generációknak. Ugyanakkor, a mindennapokban a megélhetési kérdések is jelentős mértékben befolyásolják a szülőföldön való maradás, a nemzeti identitás megőrzésének esélyeit. Magyarország Kormánya 2016-ban, a külhoni nemzetrészek megmaradása érdekében indította el a Kárpát-medencei Gazdaságfejlesztési Programot, melynek keretében eddig mintegy 300 milliárd forint értékű fejlesztés valósult meg, mintegy 158,4 milliárd forint értékű támogatással, és ezzel mintegy 57 000 nyertes pályázat révén több ezer munkahely került létrehozásra a Vajdaság mellett Kárpátalján, Erdélyben, Felvidéken, Muravidéken és Drávaszögben. A kutatás elsősorban a vajdasági és más határon túli gazdaságfejlesztési programok eredményeire, valamint a népszámlálások hivatalos adataira támaszkodva kutatja a népesedési folyamatok és gazdaságfejlesztési programok közötti összefüggéseket.
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of N-buthanol Portion of Acacia nilotica Pods in Mice and Wistar rats.
Authors: Tanko Mahamane Salissou Maibouge , Tanko: Yusuf. , AbduSSALAM  Magaji Rabiu , Hamza Yaro Abdullahi
Published: January 2022

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the n-buthanol fraction of Acacia nilotica pods (BF ANP) is investigated in this study. The fraction was subjected for: Phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannin,saponnin, glycosides while the acute toxicity studies showed a relative LD 50 of 565mg/kg (ip). The fraction showed both central and peripheral analgesic activity. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test used to determine peripheral analgesic activity, the BF ANP at the 160,80,40 mg/kg dose inhibits writhing, comparable to reference drug ketoprofen (10 mg/kg) which are all statistically significant (P≤0.001).In central analgesic activity using hot plat method, BF ANP  produced central analgesic activity in a dose-dependent manner by elongation of hot plat time when compared to the standard drugs pentazocine. Both BF ANP and pentazocine inhibit significantly licking activity in the formalin-induced pain in mice. Anti-inflammatory activity in the rat paw edema model, BF ANP produced a significant reduction in carrageenan-induced paw edema (p≤0.05). BF ANP when compare to standard drugs ketoprofen is as potent as standard drugs. This study demonstrated that BF ANP possesses significant anti-inflammatory and both central and peripheral analgesic activity due to presence of flavonoids tannin and saponin in that active portion.
Comparative Study of Software Technologies for Learning Science in Colleges of Education- Ghana
Authors: Asare Isaac
Published: January 2022

Technology has now become integral part of our classrooms worldwide as one of the major means of delivering content to students. This study was to compare the use of some technology software for teaching and learning of science in the Colleges of Education in Ghana. It was conducted in six (6) Colleges of Education in the Central-Western zone. Questionnaire was used to collect data from the college students. The questionnaire consisted of seven (7) types of technology software which comprised of web-based software and non web-based software. Respondents responded according to their degree of acceptance of the use of each software for teaching and learning of science concepts. The findings were analysed using descriptive statistics. One hundred and twenty (120) teacher trainees were used for the study. The study showed that Social Media Platforms, E-mail, Google Classroom and WebQuest technology software were scarcely used for teaching and learning of science in the Colleges of Education in Ghana. It was however, indicated that Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word and PowerPoint software were used often for teaching and learning of science.
An Analysis of Corruption and Inefficiency in Nigerian Public Service: Islamic Point of View
Authors: Sidi Attahiru Mustapha
Published: January 2022

This research aims to determine the effect of corruption on Inefficiency in the Nigerian public sector from Islamic point of view. This is because corruption has adversely affected the socio-cultural, political and economic development of Nigeria.The survey was conducted at Sokoto State Nigeria. Primary data was collected and SmartPLS 3 version was used for the analysis. 150 questionnaires were distributed to the senior staff of Local Government Service Commission, Sokoto, but only 96 were used for the analysis. The study found that there is significant relationship between corruption and inefficiency in Nigeria’s public service. The study also established that inefficiency that bedevilled the public service is as a result of corruption. This research is significant as there is dearth of literature on Islamic approach linking inefficiency to corruption in Nigeria. While this paper sets the stage, there is however, the need for future research.
Semi supervised machine learning approach for DDOS detection
Authors: Akula Sai Ramya
Published: January 2022

The appearance of malicious apps is a serious threat to the Android platform. In this paper, we propose an effective and automatic malware detection method using the text semantics of network traffic. In particular, we consider each HTTP flow generated by mobile apps as a text document, which can be processed by natural language processing (NLP) to extract text-level features. Later, the use of network traffic is used to create a useful malware detection model. We examine the traffic flow header using the N-gram method from the NLP. Then, we propose an automatic feature selection algorithm based on the Chi-square test to identify meaningful features. It is used to determine whether there is a significant association between the two variables. We propose a novel solution to perform malware detection using NLP methods by treating mobile traffic as documents. We apply an automatic feature selection algorithm based on the N-gram sequence to obtain meaningful features from the semantics of traffic flows. Our methods reveal some malware that can prevent the detection of antiviral scanners. In addition, we design a detection system to drive traffic to your own-institutional enterprise network, home network, and 3G/4G mobile network. Integrating the system connected to the computer to find suspicious network behaviors.
Keywords: Semi supervised, machine, learning approach, detection, android platform.
Self-esteem as a predictor of students’ academic achievement in the colleges of education
Authors: Britwum Francis , Obed Amoah Samuel , Acheampong Henry Yaw , Adjei Edwin
Published: January 2022

The quality of students’ academic achievement (AA) determines the effectiveness in the College of Education (CoE). In the educational sector, resolving low confidence or attachment issues that affect AA may necessitate addressing self-esteem. The main purpose of the study was to examine self-esteem (SE) as a predictor of students’ AA in the CoE in Ghana. The descriptive cross-sectional survey design within the positivist paradigm was employed. Multi-stage sampling procedures were used in the sample selection process. In all, 325 students were selected from six CoE to participate in the study. The questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents and was tested using inferential statistics (Structural Equation Model, and Moderation analysis). The findings showed that SE predicted students’ AA. The result discovered that gender does not moderate the relationship between SE and AA of the students.
Keywords: Academic Achievement (AA);  CoE;  Gender;  Self-Esteem (SE).
Los verbos disfrutar y gozar en el español medieval. Un estudio sobre conexiones entre la agricultura, el placer y la posesión
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Mexico, Melis Chantal , Sanz Martin Blanca Elena ,   Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Mexico
Published: January 2022

The verbal items disfrutar and gozar in Spanish share similar meanings and also resemble each other in switching from a transitive to an intransitive frame with a prepositional phrase complement. However, this was not always the case. In the oldest recordings of the Spanish language, indeed, there appear two lexical forms which, besides their opposition from a syntactic point of view (transitive vs. prepositional verb), express rather distinct types of events (gathering crops vs experiencing pleasure). These data motivate the hypothesis that a process of mutual attraction must have taken place in the course of time. In the present work, covering the Medieval period of Spanish, we study the behavior of disfrutar and gozar, focusing on the syntactic and semantic properties that keep them separated, while simultaneously paying attention to certain phenomena which, in retrospect, foreshadow their history of gradual convergence. In order to provide a full picture of their medieval uses, we will appeal to the figures of metaphor and metonymy, the mechanism of subjectification (Traugott, 1989) and the role played by horizontal relations in linguistic change (De Smet, 2012).
HOLISTIC LEARNING FOR YOUNG LEARNERS – IS IT POSSIBLE AND WHAT CAN CHRISTIAN TEACHERS DO TO MAKE IT HAPPEN?
Authors: Catalina Debora Eugene , Priyanti Neng
Published: January 2022

Christian teachers play a critical role in the implementation of holistic learning as the vision of Christian education is to transform students’ lives holistically. However, there seems to be a subtle debate in the implementation of holistic learning to younger students, whether it is possible or not. Arguing that it is not only possible, but it is a must, this study explores the implementation of holistic Christian education for young learners. This study has found that the implementation of holistic learning for younger learners requires Christian teachers to provide authentic and inclusive learning, and to facilitate a learning environment for younger students to build their worldview grounded on biblical truth from an early age.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Guru Kristen memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran holistik karena visi pendidikan Kristen adalah mentransformasikan kehidupan siswa secara holistik, termasuk bagi para pembelajar muda. Namun demikian, peneliti menemukan bahwa masih kurangnya pemahaman guru Kristen tentang pembelajaran holistik khususnya bagi pelajar muda yang tercermin dari bagaimana proses belajar mengajar dilakukan di kelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran guru Kristen dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran holistik terutama untuk pelajar muda dalam pendidikan Kristen. Studi ini mengungkapkan bahwa pemahaman yang benar dalam menerapkan pembelajaran holistik Kristen bagi pelajar muda sangat penting bagi guru Kristen karena hal itu mempengaruhi praktik mengajar mereka. Guru Kristen harus memahami bahwa peran mereka adalah menyediakan pembelajaran otentik, pembelajaran inklusif, dan memfasilitasi lingkungan belajar bagi pelajar muda untuk membangun pandangan dunia mereka yang didasarkan pada kebenaran alkitabiah sejak usia dini.
THE EFFECT OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP, EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, AND PURPOSE IN LIFE ON ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR IN XYZ EARLY CHILDHOOD YEARS – ELEMENTARY
Authors: Purnomo Novia , Yao Tung Khoe
Published: January 2022

To prepare the students with the demand of life in the future, teachers must continuously develop mastery of new knowledge, skills, competencies, and aptitudes. Education has entered a period of profound disruptive transition. It requires teachers to have organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The purpose of this quantitative study is to examine the effect of servant leadership, emotional intelligence, and purpose in life on organizational citizenship behavior in XYZ Early Childhood Years and Elementary School. Fifty-five teachers of XYZ Early Childhood Years and Elementary School completed the online questionnaires. Path analysis through PLS SEM method is employed to test the proposed hypotheses. The results showed that servant leadership has positive effect on purpose in life and organizational citizenship behavior. It was found that emotional intelligence has positive effect on purpose in life. Purpose in life also has positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior. In contrast, it was found that emotional intelligence does not have positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Siswa perlu dipersiapkan untuk menghadapi tuntutan kehidupan masa mendatang, guru harus terus mengembangkan penguasaan pengetahuan, keterampilan, kompetensi, dan bakat baru. Pendidikan telah memasuki masa transisi yang penuh disrupsi. Hal ini menuntut guru untuk memiliki organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Tujuan dari penelitian kuantitatif ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh servant leadership, emotional intelligence dan purpose in life terhadap organizational citizenship behavior di TK-SD XYZ. Lima puluh lima guru TK dan SD XYZ menyelesaikan kuesioner online. Perhitungan penelitian menggunakan analisis jalur melalui metode Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM) digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis yang diajukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa servant leadership berpengaruh positif terhadap organizational citizenship behavior. Ditemukan juga bahwa servant leadership berpengaruh positif terhadap purpose in life dan emotional intelligence berpengaruh positif terhadap purpose in life. Purpose in life juga berpengaruh positif terhadap organizational citizenship behavior. Sebaliknya, emotional intelligence tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap organizational citizenship behavior.

 
SERVANT LEADERSHIP, SPIRITUALITAS TEMPAT KERJA, DAN EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT DI FAKULTAS LIBERAL ARTS UNIVERSITAS X [SERVANT LEADERSHIP, WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN THE FACULTY OF LIBERAL ARTS, UNIVERSITY X]
Authors: Gunawan Adriani , Sutawidjaya Ahmad H , Tjhin Indrawan
Published: January 2022

Leadership style can not only shape employee behavior by influencing employee attitudes, such as their satisfaction, commitment, and well-being at work, but also can shape performance such as job involvement through motivational construction. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between servant leadership, workplace spirituality and employee engagement in an analytical-critical manner and comprehensively based on the primary and secondary data available at the Faculty of Liberal Arts, University X. This study used an approach with the research subject of 40 lecturers; permanent, and 5 part time. The data processing method is descriptive method. From the results of the study it can be concluded that servant leadership in FLA has a positive relationship and influence; the state of workplace spirituality in FLA has a positive influence that is built personally (lecturers), and is supported by servant leadership based on the truth of God's Word indicating that the condition of workplace spirituality has good results and  employee engagement in FLA occurs because of the relationship between leaders who apply servant leadership style and Jesus Christ as a role model.
Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Gaya kepemimpinan tidak hanya dapat membentuk perilaku karyawan dengan mempengaruhi sikap karyawan, seperti kepuasan, komitmen, dan kesejahteraan mereka di tempat kerja, tetapi juga dapat membentuk kinerja seperti keterlibatan kerja melalui konstruksi motivasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan  antara servant leadership, spiritualitas tempat kerja dan employee engagement secara analitis-kritis dan komprehensif berdasarkan data primer dan data sekunder yang tersedia di Fakultas Liberal Arts, Universitas X. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian 40 dosen tetap dan 5 dosen paruh waktu. Metode pengolahan datanya yaitu metode deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa servant leadership di FLA memiliki hubungan dan pengaruh yang positif, keadaan spiritualitas tempat kerja di FLA membawa pengaruh yang positif yang dibangun secara pribadi (dosen), dan didukung oleh praksis servant leadership pimpinan fakultas berazaskan kebenaran firman Tuhan yang menunjukkan bahwa kondisi spiritualitas tempat kerja memiliki hasil yang baik serta keadaan employee engagement di FLA terjadi karena adanya keterkaitan antara pimpinan yang menerapkan gaya servant leadership dengan Yesus Kristus sebagai role model.
STRATEGI PENERAPAN BERPIKIR KRITIS, LOGIS DAN REFLEKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENGANTAR AKUNTANSI DI ERA DARING: SUATU TINJAUAN EPISTEMOLOGIS [STRATEGY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CRITICAL, LOGICAL, AND REFLECTIVE THINKING DURING ONLINE LEARNING IN INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING 1: AN EPISTEMOLOGICAL REVIEW]
Authors: Dwikristanto Yanuard Putro , Muslim Suyitno
Published: January 2022

Accounting is related to the practice of logical-mathematical calculations. The practice needs to be preceded by the basis of the correct meaning. The purpose of this study is to describe learning strategies that emphasize critical, logical, and reflective thinking in online learning Introduction to Accounting 1. The research method used is a descriptive approach with observational data, documentation, and questionnaires filled out by 27 Economic Education students. The results show that online learning strategies combined with synchronous and asynchronous activities starting from greetings, opening activity, main activity, and closing activity with conversation and meet features in Microsoft Teams lead to fun experience learning and thus encourage students to think deeply logically, critically, and reflectively.
Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Akuntansi sarat dengan praktik perhitungan logis matematis. Adapun praktik perlu didahului dengan dasar pemaknaan yang benar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memaparkan strategi pembelajaran yang menekankan pada berpikir kritis, logis dan reflektif dalam pembelajaran Pengantar Akuntansi 1 secara daring. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan data observasi, dokumentasi dan angket yang diisi oleh sebanyak 27 mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi tingkat dua. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran daring dengan kombinasi kegiatan sinkronous maupun asinkronous yang dimulai dari salam pembuka, kegiatan awal, inti dan penutup dapat membuat mahasiswa belajar secara menyenangkan tetapi sekaligus membuat mereka berpikir mendalam secara logis, kritis dan reflektif.
COMPREHENSION PROCESSES AND CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN TWO UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE EXAMS IN INDONESIA: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE SBMPTN AND THE SIMAK UI 2008-2019
Authors: Nainggolan Bernard Richard , Purnawarman Pupung , Sukyadi Didi
Published: January 2022

Language testing development intervened with cognitive processes and higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) has impacted the English tests, included Indonesian university entrance exams within a decade. State universities in Indonesia which are in demand to the high quality of their candidates have conducted a highly reputable entrance exams to select their best candidates. However, less research was conducted to investigate the trend of English questions in the scope of university entrance tests. This study aimed to investigate trends of English questions tested in both the SBMPTN (national university entrance exams) and the SIMAK UI (Universitas Indonesia’s entrance exams) in a decade (from 2009 to 2018). The study design was a mixed-method employing content analysis to English questions (quantitatively and qualitatively).  The findings revealed; 1) types of questions tested, 2) comprehension processes, 3) and higher-order thinking questions, and 4) construction MCQs to promote critical thinking skills in both entrance exams. Finally, implications of the findings were elaborated.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Ujian Saringan Masuk (USM), khususnya soal bahasa Inggris, dipercaya dapat mengambarkan pemahamanan dan kemampuan berpikir kritis para kandidat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian terhadap USM menjadi sangat signifikan. Nyatanya, penelitian tentang USM sangat jarang dan tren terhadap soal-soal bahasa Inggris terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki tren dalam proses pemahaman dan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang termanifestasi dalam Ujian Seleksi Masuk UI (SIMAK UI) dalam satu dekade belakangan (2009-2018). Dengan menggunakan metode campuran content analysis, pertanyaan-pertanyaan dianalisa secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif dan menghasil beberapa temuan seperti 1) jenis pertanyaan yang diuji, 2) proses pemahaman, 3)  pertanyaan  untuk kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi, dan 4)konstruksi pembuatan pertanyaan pilihan ganda yang bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Implikasi dari temuan ini juga dijelaskan. 
Mathematical model of splitting of demand in the market of intercity passenger transportation
Authors:   Siberian State University of Railway Transport, Koryagin M. E. , Chistyakov A. S. ,   Siberian State University of Railway Transport
Published: January 2022

The article deals with international passenger transportation. The modern directions of research in the field of passenger transport are analyzed. The interaction of a large number of participants in the transport services market with each other under certain socio-economic conditions increases the complexity of competitive processes taking place in the market. A brief analysis of the intercity passenger transportation market is carried out. The current situation of transport companies and consumers is characterized as a buyer’s market. The transport characteristics of the southwestern part of the Siberian region are presented. The availability of alternative means of transportation leads to the need to develop mathematical models of splitting of passenger flows by means of transport. Information has been collected about the trips of passengers by rail, bus and road transport in direct and reverse directions on the Novosibirsk - Kemerovo and Novosibirsk - Tomsk routes. An algorithm has been developed for dividing the population into groups according to equivalent preferences of modes of transport, which allows us to estimate the amount of demand in the passenger transportation market. Based on the proposed algorithm, the task of optimizing the traffic intensity is set. It is shown how traffic intensity affects passenger traffic on railway transport. The total shares of the population according to the general preference of modes of transport in the considered directions are determined and analyzed.
Calculation and analysis of wheel sets durability indicators of Moscow metro electric trains
Authors:   Russian University of Transport RUT (MIIT), Vorobyov A. A. , Shutov D. S. ,   Russian University of Transport RUT (MIIT), Nikolashin M. V. ,   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT)
Published: January 2022

During the analysis, the data obtained from the wheelset registers stored at production and technical departments of the electric depot and kept by engineers-technologists in wheel economy were considered and analyzed. To analyze the data, methodology for calculating durability indicators was used. On the basis of the analysis, the dependences on the operating time of the average value and standard deviation, the resource distribution function and the wheel diameter distribution density function are constructed. These units have the greatest impact on the safety of train traffic and therefore it is extremely important to constantly assess the condition of these components. The knowledge of these data contributes to improvement of repair technology and correct organization of the planned preventive repair system. Such a study makes it possible to improve the safety of the transportation process by carefully monitoring the most vulnerable spots of the rolling stock. This reveals the prefailure condition before its occurrence. The results of the study can be used as the basis for adjusting the current structure of the repair cycle in terms of changing the repair runs. Having the idea of changes in the stock of parts or components, it is possible to identify in advance possible problems associated with operation of the rolling stock, to provide the necessary stock of parts and equipment necessary for the upcoming scheduled repairs [1].
Using the methodology of choosing the route of cargo delivery in intermodal traffic based on the network schedule during transportation in supply chains
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT), Zenkin A. A. , Sondyreva A. Y. ,   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT)
Published: January 2022

The use of methodological techniques for choosing the route of cargo delivery during intermodal traffic of containerized cargo based on construction of the network schedule for transportation in supply chains is considered. The basis of the network schedule, each of the paths of which corresponds to certain ways of cargo delivery by different modes of transport and their combinations, is the sequential summation of work from the initial event of formation of the consignment to the final event - its delivery to the final consumer. Each work allows you to take into account two important indicators corresponding to the time and cost of its execution, and the full path allows you to determine the present cost of cargo transportation and the lost benefit in the delivery process associated with the duration of the cargo in transit. This algorithm is demonstrated by the example of the transportation of house-hold appliances by different modes of transport on the Shanghai - Moscow route. As a generalizing determinant of the choice of the priority direction of transportation, a summary indicator is used, minimizing time, cost and present value under conditions of uncertainty, taking into account the criteria of Laplace, Wald, Savage and Hurwitz. The presented algorithm serves as a tool that allows decision makers, participants in the transportation process and other concerned parties (owners of infrastructure and rolling stock, freight forwarding and operator companies, cargo owners) to reliably assess the effectiveness of transportation options in supply chains and adequately respond to possible shifts in changing conditions throughout the period of fulfillment of contractual obligations.
A study on the common patterns of the functioning of free car parking areas on the example of the Square of 1905 in Yekaterinburg city (on the example of the Square of 1905 and car parking areas of large shopping centers of Yekaterinburg)
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Tsarikov Aleksej A. , Pentsev Evgeniy A. ,   Ural Federal University (UrFU), Tsarikov Aleksej A. ,   school No. 76
Published: January 2022

The results of the study of a filling process of the car parking area on the Square of 1905 in Yekaterinburg during the weekdays and weekends are presented in the article. The average time values of a car remaining at the car parking space are obtained, depending on the hour of the day when it was parked as well.
Problematic aspects in the implementation of the «Autoagent» information technology in railway transport (on the example of the East Siberian Railway)
Authors:   Irkutsk State University of Railway Transport (IrSURT), Potekhina Anna M. , Potekhina Alexandra M. ,   Irkutsk State University of Railway Transport (IrSURT)
Published: January 2022

The article presents the technology of the railway divisions in handling the automatic registration of shipping documents for transportation of empty gondola cars in domestic traffic (“Autoagent”). Regulatory and technical documents defining the procedure for the implementation of the technology are studied in detail, and some setbacks in the registration of transportation documents based on paper medium are identified. The “Autoagent” system failures after updating the AS ETRAN program, which is in constant operation on the East Siberian Railway, are determined and analysed. Conclusion on the implementation and improvement of the experimental technologies and various programs that are in constant use are made.
Uma análise do estado da arte das pesquisas sobre transição na educação matemática
Authors: Cunha Sandro René , Pinto Márcia Fusaro
Published: January 2022

Este estudo integra pesquisas sobre o tema “transição” na educação matemática a partir de análise referenciada em revisões sistemáticas da literatura como prática de investigação. O objetivo é identificar os contextos e os modos como o tópico vem sendo abordado, evidenciando a diversidade de tratamentos e traços em comum, ao comunicar ou conceituar e significar “transição” no campo de pesquisa. Assume-se como propósito compreender e destacar a importância do tema e das investigações sobre transições na educação matemática – em particular, no ensino nas universidades. Dos resultados, destaca-se a predominância de uma visão sobre a transição em ensino da matemática nas universidades, concebida como uma rede de processos pelos quais os indivíduos “atravessam fronteiras” ou percorrem “ritos de passagem” de uma cultura a outra, em uma mesma comunidade ou contexto social. Ao fazê-lo, esses indivíduos mudam o seu papel em tais ambientes.