bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revision of the Agrilus adonis species-group (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Agrilini) with description of sixteen new species from southeastern Asia
Authors: Jendek Eduard
Published: February 2015

The newly defined Agrilus adonis species-group comprising thirty taxa from Southeast Asia is revised based on the examination of type specimens. The taxonomic concept and distribution of all known taxa is reexamined for the first time since they were described. The complete commented bibliographic data are given for each name. The key to species is provided and complemented with illustration of habitus and genitalia. Images of all primary types are also included. The distribution of selected species is shown on maps. The following sixteen new species are described: Agrilus acrobeles sp. nov.; A. bunsu sp. nov.; A. cechovskyi sp. nov.; A. curiosus sp. nov.; A. garo sp. nov.; A. iban sp. nov.; A. jakli sp. nov.; A. kuchingi sp. nov.; A. lembik sp. nov.; A. meratus sp. nov.; A. orangulu sp. nov.; A. serratus sp. nov.; A. strbai sp. nov.; A. upsilon sp. nov.; A. vir sp. nov. and A. xiphos sp. nov.. The name emeritus Descarpentries & Villiers, 1963 is removed from the synonymy of Agrilus perlisensis Fisher 1936 and revalidated as the name for species A. emeritus Descarpentries & Villiers, 1963. Nine new synonyms are proposed: Agrilus adonis Deyrolle, 1864 (= A. perlisensis Fisher, 1936 syn. nov. = A. testor Kerremnas, 1900 syn. nov.); A. emeritus Descarpentries & Villiers, 1963 (= A. deuvei Baudon, 1965 syn. nov. = A. souvannavongsi Baudon, 1968 syn. nov.); A. famulus Kerremans, 1900 (= A. convergens Fisher, 1930 syn. nov. = A. japanensis Obenberger, 1935 syn. nov.); A. insularis Deyrolle, 1864 (= A. nigrocyaneus Deyrolle, 1864 syn. nov. = A. falsulus Obenberger, 1924 syn. nov.); A. malasicus Fisher, 1930 (=A. bettotanus Fisher, 1930 syn. nov.). Some of those names were already treated as invalid ones but in the synonymy of different species. Their taxonomic history is recognizable from commented references cited at each name.
Biventricular arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: a paradigmatic case
Authors: Calcagnino M. , Girardengo G. , Ghidoni A. , Kotta M. C. , Di Blasio A. , Revera M. , Torlasco C. , Perego G. , Bilo B. , Dagradi F. , Crotti L. , Parati G. , Schwartz P. J. , Cecchi F.
Published: February 2015

Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy is a complex clinical entity, sometimes difficult to diagnose. Three main different patterns of disease expression characterize clinically this hereditary heart muscle disease: the “classic” right ventricular form (ARVC), the “left dominant” subtype (LDAC), with primary left ventricular involvement, and the “biventricular” variant, defined by parallel involvement of both ventricles.

We report on a case of a 51 years old man with a strong family history of juvenile sudden cardiac death of supposed ischaemic origin and personal history of ventricular arrhythmias and supposed myocarditis. We demonstrate how an accurate anamnesis plus correct interpretation of traditional non invasive tests followed by more sophisticate new non invasive tests such as cardiac magnetic resonance and genetic testing allowed to reach the correct diagnosis.
Islam dan Pendidikan Perempuan
Authors: Muhammad Husein
Published: February 2015

Paper ini membahas tentang perlunya kesetaraan laki-laki dan perempuan dalam pendidikan. Melalui penelusuran teks-teks sejarah, karya-karya ulama klasik di dunia Islam sejak jaman sahabat hingga konteks Indonesia masa kini, ditemukan adanya dinamika dan variasi apresiasi masyarakat, pandangan ilmuwan terhadap kesempatan pendidikan maupun kepemimpinan perempuan dalam politik di duniaIslam. pada sebagian kurun sejarah kaum wanita dianggap sebagai warga kelas dua sehingga tidak memiliki akses terhadap pendidikan maupun pengembangan diri yang setara dengankaum laki-laki. Penulis kemudian mengelaborasi pembahasan tersebut dengan konteksnya di Indonesia. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa perempuan harus dimerdekakan dari situasi kekerasan atas nama apapun untuk dapat mengembangkan potensi-potensi dirinya. kebijakan-kebijakan public harus dirumuskan untuk memungkinkan perempuan menjadi ahli dalam melakukan peran-peran sosial, politik dan kebudayaannya disamping dan bersama kaum laki-laki.
Bias Gender dalam Buku Teks Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Kristen
Authors: Murfi Ali
Published: February 2015

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menyingkap bias gender dalam buku teks pendidikan agama Islam dan Kristen sebagai dasar untuk mempromosikan pendidikan agama berwawasan gender secara faktual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buku teks pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam dan Kristen yang dipelajari oleh siswa dewasa ini, hanya berisi sedikit nilai norma gender.Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya revisi materi pendidikan agama yang lazim diimplementasikan pemahaman tentang bias gender oleh para guru profesional. Hal ini sebagai gerakan inovasi pendidikan agama tentang kesetaraan (equality) dan keadilan (equity) antara perempuan dengan lakilaki dalam akses ekonomi, sosial budaya dan politik
Bias Gender dalam Buku Bahasa Arab Siswa MA Kelas X dengan Pendekatan Saintifik 2013
Authors: Shodiq Muhammad Jafar
Published: February 2015

Gender adalah perbedaan antara laki-laki dan perempuan dalam peran, fungsi, hak, tanggung jawab dan perilaku yang dibentuk oleh tata nilai sosial budaya, dan adat istiadat. Bias gender adalah keadaan yang menunjukkan sikap berpihak lebih pada laki-laki daripada perempuan. Artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk menjelaskan bias gender dalam buku bahasa Arab siswa kelas X yang ditulis berdasarkan pendekatan saintifik sebagai ciri khas kurikulum 2013. Buku siswa yang digunakan sebagai bahan ajar pokok oleh para guru mereka, sunggu penting dalam menunjang proses pembelajaran. Hasil analisis data penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa masih terjadi bias gender dalam buku tersebut dalam bentuk gambar dan teks.
Relasi Gender dan Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Rohmah Nur , Ulinnuha Labib
Published: February 2015

Konsep kesetaraan laki-laki dan perempuan ataupun konsep feminisme yang ditawarkan oleh Barat, belum dapat diterima oleh sebagian besar masyarakat Islam. Hal ini dikarenakan oleh legitimasi dari dogma agama, yang timpang dan cenderung berpihak kepada laki-laki, yang dianut sebagian besar orang Islam, yang masih terus berlangsung hingga sekarang ini. Konsep kesetaraan antara laki-laki dan perempuan yang diharapkan oleh Islam dapat diperoleh dengan jalan menelaah lebih jauh pada pedoman ajaran Islam (Al-Qur’an dan Al-Hadits). Konsep kesetaraan yang dikehendaki masyarakat Islam diilhami dari segi persamaan penciptaannya, fungsi dan kedudukan di dunia dan kebebasan bertauhid serta beribadah ke pada Allah antara laki-laki dan perempuan.
La Educación Sanitaria Escolar, una Propuesta Curricular Importada Para la Escuela Española del Desarrollismo
Authors: Terrón Bañuelos Aida
Published: February 2015

El artículo analiza los antecedentes de la educación para la salud en la escuela española. Las relaciones exteriores y el ingreso de España en organismos internacionales (FAO y OMS en 1951, UNESCO en 1953, ONU en 1955, Fondo Monetario Internacional y Banco Mundial en 1958) impulsaron la modernización de las estructuras económicas, sociales y administrativas del régimen franquista, con un efecto evidente en su sistema educativo. La Ley General de Educación de 1970 culminó ese proceso, modulado durante la década de los sesenta. La escuela primaria, obligatoria de manera efectiva desde 1965, se concebiría como una “institución social” que habría de acompañar al conjunto de las transformaciones que se estaban operando en el país. La educación sanitaria escolar fue uno de los nuevos ámbitos educativos que los expertos le encomendaron, importando políticas promovidas por los organismos internacionales de los que pasaba entonces a formar parte. Una medida que, acometida disciplinadamente por técnicos de la administración educativa, se encontró, sin embargo, con los obstáculos y dificultades propias de todo proceso de importación, produciéndose resistencias dentro y fuera del aparato escolar que se correspondían con la situación real del país.
Transcription factor‐mediated reprogramming toward hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Ebina Wataru , Rossi Derrick J
Published: February 2015

De novo generation of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from renewable cell types has been a long sought‐after but elusive goal in regenerative medicine. Paralleling efforts to guide pluripotent stem cell differentiation by manipulating developmental cues, substantial progress has been made recently toward HSC generation via combinatorial transcription factor (TF)‐mediated fate conversion, a paradigm established by Yamanaka's induction of pluripotency in somatic cells by mere four TFs. This review will integrate the recently reported strategies to directly convert a variety of starting cell types toward HSCs in the context of hematopoietic transcriptional regulation and discuss how these findings could be further developed toward the ultimate generation of therapeutic human HSCs.
Xanthogranulomatous hypophysitis: a rare and often mistaken pituitary lesion
Authors: Gopal-Kothandapani Jaya Sujatha , Bagga Veejay , Wharton Stephen B , Connolly Daniel J , Sinha Saurabh , Dimitri Paul J
Published: February 2015

Xanthogranulomatous hypophysitis (XGH) is a very rare form of pituitary hypophysitis that may present both clinically and radiologically as a neoplastic lesion. It may either be primary with an autoimmune aetiology and can occur in isolation or as a part of autoimmune systemic disease or secondary as a reactive degenerative response to an epithelial lesion (e.g. craniopharyngioma (CP), Rathke's cleft cyst, germinoma and pituitary adenomas) or as a part of a multiorgan systemic involvement such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis or granulomatosis. It may also present with a variation of symptoms in children and adults. Our case series compares the paediatric and adult presentations of XGH and the differential diagnoses considered in one child and two adult patients, highlighting the wide spectrum of this condition. Endocrine investigations suggested panhypopituitarism in all three patients and imaging revealed a suprasellar mass compressing the optic chiasm suggestive of CP or Rathke's cleft cyst in one patient and non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma in two patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated mixed signal intensities on T1- and T2-weighted sequences. Following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery, histological analysis revealed necrotic material with a xanthogranulomatous reaction confirming XGH in two patients and a necrobiotic granulomatous chronic inflammatory infiltrate with neutrophils in one patient, which is not typical of current descriptions of this disorder. This case series describes the wide spectrum of XGH disease that is yet to be defined. Mixed signal intensities on T1- and T2-weighted MRI sequences may indicate XGH and diagnosis is confirmed by histology. Histological variation may indicate an underlying systemic process.

Learning points

XGH is a rare form of pituitary hypophysitis with a wide clinical and histological spectrum and can mimic a neoplastic lesion.

XGH primarily presents with growth arrest in children and pubertal arrest in adolescents. In adults, the presentation may vary.

A combination of hypopituitarism and mixed signal intensity lesion on MRI is suggestive of XGH and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sellar lesions.

Radical surgery is the treatment of choice and carries an excellent prognosis with no recurrence.
EXPLORATION OF ACTINOMYCETES ENDOPHYTICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH PIPER NIGRUM FOR POTENTIAL BIOACTIVITY
Authors: B. Jasim , Rajappan Soumya , Mathew and Radhakrishnan E. K. Jyothis
Published: February 2015

Piper nigrum is well known for its metabolite richness. So endophytic microorganisms that reside within such environments can be expected to have promising biosynthetic potential. The current study identified three endophytic actinomycetes with broad bioactivity which can have applications in natural product related pharmacological research. The Verrucosispora sp identified in the study was found to have promising anticancer and antimicrobial activities and Streptomyces sp. was found to have antioxidant activity. The results obtained are supported by many previous reports and this suggests the isolates obtained in the study to have the possible presence of potential known or novel compounds with broad spectrum of activity.
IMMOBILIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A THERMOSTABLE β-GLUCOSIDASE FROM ASPERGILLUS TERREUS NRRL 265
Authors: H. El-Ghonemy Dina
Published: February 2015

Partially purified β-glucosidase from Aspergillus terreus NRRL 265 was immobilized by entrapment in calcium-alginate beads. The activity of the free and immobilized enzymes as a function of pH, temperature, and periodic use were compared. Whey permeate, a by-product of cheese industry, was served as an inexpensive medium, which made the process economical and reduced the cost of enzyme production and also reduced the environmental pollution. The results indicated that, the immobilized β-glucosidase was retained about 73 % of the original activity exhibited by the free enzyme. The optimum temperature for the enzyme activity was improved by 5ºC after immobilization. Immobilized β-glucosidase was exhibited great thermal stability, whereas, at 70ºC, the free enzyme lost its activity after 30 min of incubation, while the immobilized enzyme showed more stability in comparison to the free form as it retained about 13.4 % of its initial activity under the same conditions. Moreover, the pH stability was improved following immobilization, whereas, the immobilized enzyme was stable in pH ranging from 4.0 to 7.0 with no change in activity, while its stability slightly decreases for more alkaline or acidic conditions (retaining 82.4 % and 67.4 % of the initial activity at pH 8.0 and 3.5, after 1 h of incubation). The results also indicated the possibility of reusing Ca alginate-immobilized β-glucosidase in industrial applications for 10 cycles with 53.7 % retained activity.
ANTI – SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE ACTIVITY BY PROBIOTIC LACTIC ACID BACTERIA (PEDIOCOCCUS PENTOSACEUS); AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors: D. Srividya , Prakash S. V. Chandra , M. Dharmesh Shylaja , Agrawal Renu
Published: February 2015

Shigellosis caused by Shigella is prevalent throughout the world with approximately 164.7 million cases, of which 163.2 million are in developing countries as per the World Health Organization report. In the current study the effect of a known Probiotic Lactic acid Bacteria (PLB) Pediococcus pentosaceus, a previously reported strain of PLB from our laboratory on gastroenteric pathogen – Shigella dysenteriae was studied and its mode of action was established. In agar diffusion tests PLB lysate showed larger inhibition zones of S. dysenteriae than a known Shigella susceptible antibiotic ampicillin which shows a better potentiality of PLB lysate over standard antibiotic. Further the effect of PLB lysate on Shigella dysenteriae lysis was confirmed by electrophoretic and microscopic study. PLB lysate at 250 μg/mL protein concentration inhibited ~70% of Shigella dysenteriae growth in vitro. A significant protection was observed against the cellular damage caused by Shigella dysenteriae lysate. Red blood cells and buccal cells protection against the lysis induced by Shigella dysenteriae lysate substantiated the cytoprotective role of PLB, thus PLB can be an effective natural agent against Shigella mediated infection.
IN VITRO SUPPLEMENTATION OF RESVERATROL TO BOVINE SPERMATOZOA: EFFECTS ON MOTILITY, VIABILITY AND SUPEROXIDE PRODUCTION
Authors: Tvrdá Eva , Lukáč Norbert , Lukáčová Jana , Hashim Faridullah , Massányi Peter
Published: February 2015

The aim of this study was to assess the dose- and time dependent in vitro effects of resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenol and phytoalexin with potential antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties on bovine spermatozoa during five different time periods (0h, 2h, 6h, 12h and 24h). Semen samples were collected from 20 adult breeding bulls, and diluted in physiological saline solution containing 0.5% DMSO together with 0, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 200 μM/L RES. Spermatozoa motility was examined using the Sperm VisionTM and CASA (Computer Assisted Semen Analyzer) system. Cell viability was measured using the metabolic activity MTT assay, the nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) test was used to assess the intracellular superoxide formation. The initial CASA analysis showed no significant changes in the spermatozoa motion parameters, however a motion-promoting effect of 10 and 50 μM/L RES became significant after 2h (P
VARIATIONS IN THE NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF THE HEAD AND BONE FLOURS OF TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS MOSSAMBICUS) ADAPTED TO ESTUARINE AND FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: R Vignesh. , G Anbarasi. , M.P Arulmoorthy. , K. Mohan , A.C and Srinivasan. M Rathiesh.
Published: February 2015

Consumption of fish and fish by products assures various health benefits, but on the other hand the fish processing wastes if not discarded properly pose a serious environment threat. Tilapias are commonly available cichlid fishes which are considered to possess various biological importance. The objective of the work is to analyze and compare the similarities and differences in the nutritional quality of the exotic fish Oreochromis mossambicus found in brackish water and fresh water environments. The estuary adapted tilapia and freshwater tilapia was collected and processed as head and bone flours. The samples were further analyzed and the results in 100 g of Estuarine Tilapia Head Flour (ETHF) was composed of moisture (5.87 ± 0.003%), protein (32.06 ± 0.02%) total lipids (0.202 ±0.003 %), carbohydrates (1.44 ± 0.005%) and ash (1.15 ± 0.006%). The results in 100 g of Estuarine Tilapia Bone Flour (ETBF) was found as moisture (4.20 ± 0.006%), protein (31.48 ± 0.07%), total lipids (0.217 ± 0.002), carbohydrates (0.13 ± 0.004%) and ash (0.89 ±0.004%). The proximate content in Freshwater Tilapia Head Flour (FTHF) ranged as moisture (5.79 ± 0.01%), protein (32.50 ± 0.02%), total lipids (0.202 ± 0.009%), carbohydrates (1.54 ± 0.02%) and ash (1.16 ± 0.003). The proximate content in Freshwater Tilapia Bone Flour (FTBF) ranged as moisture (5.77 ± 0.01%), protein (32.58 ± 0.03%), total lipids (0.200 ± 0.005%), carbohydrates (1.48 ± 0.02%) and ash (1.23 ± 0.01%). The fatty acid occurring in the highest proportions was alpha linolenic acid both ETHF (2.492±0.003mg) and ETBF (2.374±0.002mg). The fatty acid composition in FTHF occurring in the highest proportion was palmitic acid (0.983±0.002mg) and in FTBF the highest proportion was found in stearic acid (0.785±0.005mg). In the amino acid analysis, the highest values were recorded in phenyl alanine for ETHF (1.986±0.002%) and lysine in ETBF (1.364±0.003%). Phenyl alanine content was found higher in both FTHF (1.889±0.002%) and FTBF (1.981±0.003%). The essential vitamins and minerals were also analyzed and the results are discussed in detail.
USE OF ZEIN AND ETHYLCELLULOSE AS BIODEGRADABLE FILM ON EVALUATION OF POST-HARVEST CHANGES IN TOMATO (Lycopersicum esculentum)
Authors: Chávez-Murillo C.E. , Espinosa-Solís V. , Aparicio-Saguilán A. , Salgado-Delgado R. , Tirado-Gallegos J.M. , Zamudio-Flores P.B.
Published: February 2015

The worldwide pollution index registered in the last decades has conducted to develop methods for biodegradation and reutilization of contaminant materials. From here rises the necessity to elaborate biodegradable packaging materials. In this study, a biodegradable zein and ethylcellulose based film was developed and used as a covering material to evaluate its effect on the enzymatic activity of pectinmethylesterase and polygalacturonase, texture, respiration rate and weight loss of tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum). Biodegradable film decreased the weight loss rate and softening of the fruits. However, enzymatic activity and respiration rate were not affected by the film application. The results showed that the changes in tomato are due to physical effects of water loss more than a metabolic change. By using this material, it was possible to lower tomato’s respiration rate in comparison with controls causing a lesser loss of weight. Biodegradable film delayed change in color as well as texture compared with controls. There was a significant difference in pectin methyl esterase activity in the covered tomato, but there was no difference in polygalacturonase activity.
Adherent Endotoxin on Dental Implant Surfaces: A Reappraisal
Authors: Morra Marco , Cassinelli Clara , Bollati Daniele , Cascardo Giovanna , Bellanda Marco
Published: February 2015

Osteoimmunology is the crosstalk between cells from the immune and skeletal systems, suggesting a role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the stimulation of osteoclast activity. Endotoxin or bacterial challenges to inflammatory cells are directly relevant to dental implant pathologies involving bone resorption, such as osseointegration failure and peri-implantitis. While the endotoxin amount on implant devices is regulated by standards, it is unknown whether commercially available dental implants elicit different levels of adherent-endotoxin stimulated cytokines. The objective of this work is to develop a model system and evaluate endotoxin-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes relevant to osteoclast activation on commercially available dental implants. Murine J774-A1 macrophages were cultured on Ti disks with different level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contamination to define the time-course of the inflammatory response to endotoxin, as evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. The developed protocol was then used to measure adherent endotoxin on commercially available packaged and sterile dental implants in the “as-implanted” condition. Results show that tested dental implants induce variable expression of endotoxin-stimulated genes, sometimes above the level expected to promote bone resorption in vivo. Results are unaffected by the specific surface treatment; rather, they likely reflect care in cleaning and packaging protocols. In conclusion, expression of genes that enhance osteoclast activity through endotoxin stimulation of inflammatory cells is widely different on commercially available dental implants. A reappraisal of the clinical impact of adherent endotoxins on dental (and bone) implant devices is required in light of increasing knowledge on crosstalk between cells from the immune and skeletal systems.
Modelling of load–deflection of concrete beams internally prestressed with unbonded CFRP tendons
Authors: Lee Chadon , Shin Sangmin , Lee Songhee
Published: February 2015

A theoretical model was developed for predicting the flexural load–deflection of simply supported concrete beams internally prestressed with unbonded carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) tendons under four-point loading. At each state in the load–deflection curve (initial cracking state, initial yielding state (if any) and ultimate load state), three equivalent rectangular curvature blocks, which can closely simulate the beam rotations at the supports and the midspan beam deflection, were determined by iteratively correcting the strain value of the unbonded tendon. The validity of the model was demonstrated by comparing its predictions with the test results of four rectangular beams and two T-beams with different prestressing reinforcement ratios, initial prestressing and type of auxiliary bar. The developed model was used to examine the effects of different parameters on the first cracking and ultimate strengths of the beam and the additional strain of the unbonded tendon to the effective strain.
Accuracy as complex display of psychomotor functions
Authors: Козина Ж. Л. , Середа О. А.
Published: February 2015

In work results of definition of quantitative interrelation of accuracy of throws from an average distance and penal throws with more than 30 parameters of pedagogical, physiological, psychological, medical testing are submitted. The received data have allowed to draw a conclusion that accuracy of throws in basketball is the complex quality dependent on a degree of a coordination of action cardiovascular, nervous and other systems of an organism.
Gender related differences in demographic and clinical manifestations in patients suffering from various subtypes of schizophrenia
Authors: Sulejmanpašić Arslanagić Gorana
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Schizophrenia is devastating neuropsychiatric disorder that has no clearly identified etiology. The subtypes of schizophrenia are distinguished by the prevalent symptomatology. The aim of this study was to determine gender related differences in demographic and clinical manifestations in patients suffering from various subtypes of schizophrenia.Methods: A longitudinal, prospective,original,clinical investigation first in our local area, with application of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I) was used in this work. The study included 121 patients during five years period. Patients were recruited as consecutive admissions to the Psychiatric clinic, from all parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, mostly Sarajevo region.Results: The study was conducted on a group of schizophrenic patients which consisted of 52.1% male and 47.9% female patients. Average duration of the episode was about a month. Majority of patients (male) were in the group of disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia. The duration of current psychotic episode was similar in all three groups regarding subtypes of schizophrenia. Psychotic episodes appear equally in both gender (higher in disorganized group) with a statistically significant difference between all groups (p<0.001).Conclusions: Male group patients showed tendency to be younger than women. Most of the schizophrenic individuals start to suffer from this disease between age of 20 and 39 years. Male group patients suffered mostly of disorganized (hebephrenic) type of schizophrenia. Duration of psychotic episode was proportionally the same in both groups while in male group the highest number of episodes was found in group of disorganized schizophrenia.
Doppler measurements of feto-placental blood stream in pregnant smokers
Authors: Bogdanović Gordana , Ljuca Dženita , Ostrvica Edin , Babović Adnan , Nevačinović Enida , Rahimić Hidajet
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Doppler analysis of the feto-placental and fetal circulation give dynamic information on the condition of the bloodstream during pregnancy, and early detection of fetal hypoxia. The objectives of the study were: testing whether there is influence of smoking on feto-placental circulation; determining whether there is a link to a number of smoked cigarettes during the day; assessing the benefits of Doppler ultrasonographic screening in detection of fetal hypoxia in pregnant women who smoke during pregnancy.Methods: 300 pregnancies were included in the prospective research. With regard to a number of smoked cigarettes the pregnant women were divided into three groups: I. the first group (moderate smokers) consisted of 100 pregnant women who smoked up to 15 cigarettes a day during pregnancy; II. the second group (heavy smokers) 100 pregnant women who smoked more than 15 cigarettes a day during pregnancy and III. the third group (control group) 100 pregnant women who did not smoke during pregnancy. All pregnant women underwent Doppler measurements of blood circulation (determination of resistance index – RI) in the umbilical artery, fetal aorta and middle cerebral artery.Results: The intensity of smoking has influence to circulation because RI in the umbilical artery and fetal aorta is increased and RI is decreased in the middle cerebral artery in pregnant women heavy smokers in comparison to pregnant women moderate smokers.Conclusion: Doppler sonography of the blood vessels could have an important role in detection of hypoxia and monitoring of the condition of the fetus of pregnant women who smoked during pregnancy.
Evaluation of the conservative treatment of Trigger finger by local instillation of corticosteroids
Authors: Pecar Muris , Avdić Dijana , Pecar Džemal
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Trigger Finger (tenosynovitis stenosans) is a specific, named disease from a group of repetitive strain injury (RSI) diseases, caused by inflammation which results in difficulties during muscle contraction and weakened and painful tendon movement. It is common in the outpatient physical medicine and rehabilitation practice. The aim of our study was to evaluate the success of conservative treatment of Trigger Finger by local instillation of corticosteroids.Methods: The study was designed as an observational and open analysis of the results of conservative treatment of 45 patients. We used precise instillation of steroid anti-inflammatory antirheumatic drugs in the area of patho-anatomic, microtraumatic injuries of tendon and its sheath. Patients were evaluated before and after the treatment with 0 to 5 evaluation score scale. The data were analyzed using X2 test.Results: Most of the patients had evaluation score of 2, 3 and 4, before the treatment. After the treatment 10 (29%) patients had achieved score 4 and 35 (71%) patients had achieved score 5. All of the patients with score 5 had excellent working ability with full working capacity. Other patients had well-preserved working ability, which improved to excellent in maximum of 7 days.Conclusions: Conservative treatment of Trigger finger shows good therapeutic effects and taking into account the benefits, convenience and generally lower cost of conservative treatment for the patient, should be considered as an effective alternative to surgical treatment.
Perioperative blood loss and diclofenac in major arthroplastic surgery
Authors: Gvozdenović Ljiljana , Pajtić Vesna , Gvozdenović Nemanja , Milić Saša , Gojković Zoran
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Contemporary literature indicates precaution over the perioperative use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, since they can potentially increase perioperative blood loss related to their mechanism of action. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on perioperative blood loss undergoing hip arthroplasty and its correlation with general and regional anesthesia.Methods: This prospective study included 120 patients who had undergone elective unilateral total hip arthroplasty. Patients were allocated into four groups. Groups 1 and 2 were pretreated with diclofenac and operated in general and regional anesthesia. Group 3 and 4 weren’t pretreated with any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and were, as well, operated in general and regional anesthesia. Diclofenac was administered orally two times a day 75 mg (total 150 mg) and also as intramuscular injection (75 mg) preoperatively and 12 hours later on a day of surgery.Results: The perioperative blood loss in the rst 24 hours showed an increase of 29.4% in the diclofenac group operated in general anesthesia and increase of 26.8% in patients operated in regional anesthesia (P < 0.05) compared to control group. Statistical data evaluation of patients operated in general anesthesia compared to regional anesthesia, the overall blood loss in the rst 24 h after surgery, showed an increase of 6.4% in the diclofenac group and increase of 3.6% in placebo group. This was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Pretreatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac) before elective unilateral total hip arthroplasty increases the perioperative blood loss signficantly. Early discontinuation of non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is advised.
Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-2, -7 and -9 (MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9) levels as Prognostic Markers in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kostova Elena , Slaninka Miceska Maja , Labacevski Nikola , Jakjovski Krume , Trojacanec Jasmina , Atanasovska Emilija , Janevski Vlado , Selmani Redzep , Petrushevska Gordana , Janevska Vesna
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Matrix metalloproteinases are produced by tumour cells, hence, they may be associated with tumour progression including invasion, migration, angiogenesis and metastasis. Finding prognostic markers to better identify patients with higher risk for poor survival would be valuable in order to customize pre- and postoperative treatment as well as to enable closer follow-up of these patients. Aim of our study was to examineMMP-2, MMP-7 and MMP-9 serum levels and correlated them with pathological data such as stage of the colorectal cancer (CRC) and outcome.Methods: The investigation included 82 patients with operable CRC without distant metastases, who had underwent blood tests in order to determine the MMP-2, MMP-7 and MMP-9 serum levels in the following time periods: preoperatively, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months postoperatively.Results: The values of the investigated MMPs decrease postoperatively and start to increase 6 month later in patients of all stages of the disease, reaching the highest value 12 month postoperatively with statistically important differences of MMP-2, MMP-7 and MMP-7 serum levels in terms of disease staging and defined points of time. Analysis of the results showed that the MMP-2 serum levels obtained 3 and 12 months postoperatively,than MMP-7 serum levels 12 months postoperatively and the MMP-9 serum levels in all analyzed points in time were in significant association with the CRC patients’outcome.Conclusion: The MMP-2, MMP-7 and especially MMP-9 serum values could be important indicators for diagnosis of the patients with CRC and for monitoring of disease progression.
Age and gender related differences in free fatty acid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mandal Šaćira , Čaušević Adlija , Malenica Maja , Hadžidedić Šeherzada , Prnjavorac Besim , Semiz Sabina
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Several decades of basic science and animal research provided considerable support for significant role of plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) in etiology of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Contradicting data related to signifi cance of elevated FFAs in plasma of patients with Type 2 diabetes prompted us to study concentrations of palmitic acid, stearic acid, and linoleic acid, in patients and healthy controls in an attempt to possibly use them as potential biomarkers in progression of the disease. Since aging is associated withincreased plasma glucose and insulin levels that are consistent with an insulin resistant state, in this study,age differences in the concentration of the above mentioned acids were tested.Methods: Progressive changes in their concentrations were followed through a period 6 months. All subjects included in the study were free of evidence of hepatitis B or C viral infection or active liver and kidney damage. Analysis of glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels were performed on BT PLUS 2000 analyzer using standard IFCC protocols, while concentrations of FFAs were analyzed by gas chromatography.Results: Our data demonstrated signifi cantly higher FFA values in plasma of diabetic patients as compared to healthy controls. There was a trend of correlation of FFAs levels with the blood glucose levels in diabetic patients, which was more prominent in diabetic men than in women.Conclusion: With aging, levels of free fatty acids signifi cantly increased in plasma of diabetic patients, and this effect was also more profound in male than in female diabetics.
Analysis of the relation between intelligence and criminal behavior
Authors: Jovanovic Dragan , Novakovic Milan , Salamadić Aleksandra , Petrovic Novica , Maric Sanja
Published: February 2015

Introduction: One of the cognitive aspects of personality is intelligence. A large number of previous studies have shown that the intelligence within the criminal population is decreased, particularly in its verbal aspect.The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a link between intelligence and criminal behavior and how it is manifested.Methods: The research involved criminal inmates of the Correctional institutes of Republic of Srpska and Court Department of Psychiatry Clinic Sokolac who committed homicide and various non-homicide acts. Thetest group consisted of 60 inmates who have committed homicide (homicide offenders) and a control group of 60 inmates who did not commit homicide (non-homicide offenders). The study was controlled, transverse or cross-sectional study.Results: Average intelligence of inmates (homicidal and non-homicidal) was IQ 95.7. Intelligence of homicide inmates was IQ 97.4 and non-homicide IQ 94.09. Intelligence coeffi cients for non-homicide inmatesubgroups were as follows - subgroup consisting of robbery offenders (IQ 96.9), subgroup consisting of theft perpetrators (IQ 93.83), subgroups consisting of other criminal offenders (IQ 92.8). Verbal intellectual ability– IQw of homicide inmates was 91.22, and 91.10 IQw of non-homicide inmates. Intellectual abilities in nonverbal or manipulative part were average, but they were higher in homicide inmates group (IQm 103.65) than in the group of non-homicide inmates (IQm 97.08).Conclusion: Average intelligence of investigated inmates (homicide and non-homicide) is lower than in the general population and corresponds to low average. Verbal part of intelligence is lowered while nonverbalpart is within the average range.
Awake fi beroptic intubation of a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: case report
Authors: Bakı Elif , Buyukerkmen Elif , Ela Yüksel , Kokulu Serdar , Sıvacı Remziye
Published: February 2015

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a rapidly progressive disease from the fi fth to sixth decades of life causing degeneration and death of the upper and lower motor neurons and no effective treatment. The diagnosis isdependent on the clinical presentation and consistent electrodiagnostic studies. Progressive denervation affects the muscles, causing muscular weakness and atrophy, when the ventilation muscles are affected deathdue to respiratory failure occurs within a few years. We present the case of a 54 years old, 180 cm height and 94 kg weight male patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who underwent surgical treatment of thyroidcancer. Fiberoptic intubation was orally performed providing spontaneus breathing. Propofol was applied after passing vocal cords. Anesthesia was maintained with sevofl orane (%2) and a mixture of oxygen and airunder volume controlled ventilation. Rocuronium was used 20 mg at the beginning of the surgery. At the end of surgery, he wasn’t extubated and transferred to anesthesia intensive care unit. He was extubated after tenhours and he was awaked perfectly. The patient was discharged from intensive care unit after 24 hours and from hospital after ten days. We reported that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient with limited mouth opening who underwent thyroid surgery, using awake intubation.
Antioxidant potential of selected supplements in vitro and the problem of its extrapolation for in vivo
Authors: Ogrin Papić Julija , Poljšak Borut
Published: February 2015

Introduction: antioxidants, free radicals and oxidative stress have been studied extensively for quite some time but their role in diseases and their prevention has not been clearly determined. Because commercialantioxidants do not need to pass clinical tests in order to be sold over the counter we have decided to test the antioxidant potential of different commercial preparations with the antioxidative properties.Methods: pH, rH and oxidant-reduction potential of different preparations in aqueous solution was measured. Afterwards antioxidant potential using FormPlus® after adding the preparation to human blood as a morecomplex environment with different homeostasis mechanisms was determined.Results: all the results showed expected change compared to the control but the results in aqueous solution did not match the results obtained from the human blood, as was expected.Conclusion: from the experiments it can be concluded that while the preparations did show antioxidant activity, it is very difficult and even wrong to predict the antioxidant potential of an antioxidant preparationadded to human blood, let alone in a living organism, based just on the results obtained in aqueous solution. Further possibilities for research include more extensive studies of antioxidant preparations in more complex environment and last but not least in test organisms or in human trials.
The impact of metabolic risk management on recurrence of urinary stones
Authors: Akin Yigit , Yucel Selcuk , Danisman Ahmet , Erdogru Tibet , Baykara Mehmet
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Urinary stone disease is a common urologic problem and recurrence in stone formation is a very familiar issue to urologists. Although recurrence in stone formation has been linked to metabolic abnormalities, it can be accessible by metabolic risk analysis studies.Methods: Herein, we present our experience in metabolic risk management on recurrence of urinary stones for 10 years in Akdeniz University School of Medicine department of Urology. We retrospectively analyzed Akdeniz University Urinary Stone Database between dates of January 2000 and December 2010. We found over 3500 patients who were managed by SWL (shock wave lithotripsy) or PCNL (percutaneus nephrolithotripsy) or URS (Ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy) or open surgery.Results: 525 patients’ metabolic risk analysis was ordered due to recurrent urinary stone disease. Only 134 (25.5 %) current metabolic analysis were returned. Mean patient age was 32.2 years (range: 19-82 years).Patients were 103 male and 31 female. Stone analysis results were CaOx monohydrate in 48 (35.8 %), CaOx dihydrate in 8 (5.9 %), CaOx mono and dihydrate in 70 (52.2 %), uric acid in 3, CaOx monohydrate and uricacid in 2, cystine in 2, and struvite in 1 patient, respectively. The  metabolic risk analysis showed some abnormality in 54 (40.2 %) patients.Conclusion: Although compliance to metabolic risk analysis studies is low among recurrent urinary stone formers, some significant metabolic abnormalities could be detected in those who are effectively screened.Recurrence of urinary stones in patients who are started on appropriate metabolic management can be prevented.
Post anesthesia recovery rate evaluated by using White fast tracking scoring system
Authors: Hadžimešić Munevera , Imamović Semir , Hodžić Mirsad , Uljić Vasvija , Korkut Dželil , Iljazagić Halilović Fatima , Selimović Čeke Lejla , Pojskić Aida
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Postponed recuperation from anesthesia can lead to different complications such as apnoea, aspiration of gastric content whit consequent development of aspiration pneumonia, laryngospasm, bradycardia, and hypoxia. Aim of this research was to determine infl uence of propofol, sevoflurane and isoflurane anesthesia on post anesthesia recovery rate.Methods: This was a prospective study; it included 90 patients hospitalized in period form October 2011 to may 2012 year, all patients included in the study underwent lumbar microdiscectomy surgery. Patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups: group 1: propofol maintained anesthesia, group 2: sevoflurane and group 3: isofl urane maintained anesthesia. Assessments of recovery rate were done 1, 5 and 10 minutes post extubation using White fast tracking scoring system.Results: Significant difference was observed only 1 minute after extubation (p=0,025) finding recovery rate to be superior in propofol group. Propofol group compared to inhaled anesthesia with sevoflurane group, shows significantly faster recovery from anesthesia only one minute after extubation (p=0,046). In comparison of propofol group and isofl urane anesthesia group, statistical significance was noticed one minute following extubation (p=0,008). Comparison of propofol group and inhaled anesthesia groups recovery rates were not significantly different at all times measured. When we were comparing sevoflurane and isoflurane anesthesia, recovery rates shoved no signifi cant statistical difference.Conclusions: Recovery rate evaluated by using White fast tracking scoring system was superior and with fewer complications in propofol maintained in comparison to sevoflurane and isoflurane maintained anesthesia only one minute post extubation, while after fifth and tenth minute difference was lost.
The effects of sex, age and cigarette smoking on micronucleus and degenerative nuclear alteration frequencies in human buccal cells of healthy Bosnian subjects
Authors: Nefić Hilada , Mušanović Jasmin , Kurteshi Kemajl , Prutina Enida , Turcalo Elvira
Published: February 2015

Introduction: This study was performed to establish a baseline value of micronucleus frequency in buccal cells and to estimate the impact of the most common factors (sex and age, and smoking) on micronucleus and degenerative nuclear alteration frequencies in the sample of healthy Bosnian subjects.Methods: The Buccal Micronucleus Cytome (BMCyt) assay, based on scoring not only micronucleus frequency but also other genome damage markers, dead or degenerated cells, provides a measure of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.Results: Our results showed the baseline buccal micronucleus frequency was 0.135% or 1.35‰, as well as positive correlations between micronucleus frequencies and formations of degenerative nuclear alterations (nuclear buds, karyolytic and karyorrhectic cells). The number of micronuclei in buccal cells was significantly higher in females than in males. There was positive association between the age and frequency of analysed cytogenetic biomarkers. Buccal cell micronuclei and degenerative nuclear alternations were more frequent among cigarette smokers than non-smokers and significantly higher in female smokers than in male smokers. Cytogenetic damages showed significantly positive correlation between intensity of smoking and the number of nuclear alterations. The years of smoking had a significant influence not only on the number of nuclear alterations but also in micronuclei and nuclear buds in buccal cells.Conclusions: The sex influences the number of micronuclei in human buccal cells. The ageing increased the number of micronuclei and other biomarkers of DNA damage. The cigarette smoking significantly increases the frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear buds, pyknotic, karyolytic and karyorrhectic cells.
Frequency of joined disabilities of children with cerebral palsy in Tuzla canton
Authors: Babajić Mirela , Švraka Emira , Avdić Dijana
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) connotes a group of non-progressive, but often variable symptoms of motor impairment of movement and posture, as well as other impairments which are a consequenceof anomalies or brain impairment in different phases of its development. CP is a pathological condition characterised in the fi rst place by motor function impairment to which other disorders such as: visual andhearing impairment, intellectual defi cit, emotional problems, behaviour disorder, speech disorder, epileptic seizure and similar can join. The aim of this study is to determine frequency of joined disabilities ofchildren with cerebral palsy in Tuzla Canton.Methods: The research covers a total sample of 48 examinees, chronological age from 2-19 years, in Tuzla Canton. Research instrument was a Structural Questionnaire for the parents of children and adolescentswith cerebral palsy. Research data were processed by nonparametric statistics method. Basic statistical parameters of frequency and percentages were calculated, and tabular presentation was made.Results: After classification of examinees as per frequency of joined disabilities was done, work results have shown that speech impairment occurred with 35.4 % of children, visual impairment 33.3 %, epilepsy29.3 %, whereas hearing impairment occurred with 2 % of children.Conclusion: In research of frequency of joined disabilities of children with cerebral palsy in Tuzla Canton, most expressed are speech and visual disorders with children, then epilepsy, whereas a small percentageof children are with hearing disorder.