bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pembiayaan Berparadigma Green Financing Dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Berkelanjutan
Authors: Cahyani Yutisa Tri
Published: July 2024

Introduction: This study aims to explore the green financing paradigm in the context of Islamic banking and to analyze the implementation of green financing in the Islamic banking sector in Indonesia. The green financing paradigm refers to a financial approach that considers aspects of environmental sustainability in the context of channeling funds based on Sharia principles. Research Methods: The methods used in this study include literature analysis to understand the concepts and theories related to green financing in Islamic banking and analysis of financial statements of PT BSI and PT BCA Syariah to explore the implementation of green financing in these institutions. Results: This study identifies the extent to which Islamic banks in Indonesia have adopted the green financing paradigm, the factors that influence its implementation, and its impact on environmental and social sustainability in Indonesia. Conclusion: This research is expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the role of Islamic banking in supporting sustainable development, particularly in the environmental context in Indonesia. The results are expected to be the basis for policy development supporting green financing growth in the Islamic banking sector.
Shale Gas Production Forecasting with Well Interference Based on Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network
Authors: Xu Ziming , Leung Juliana Y.
Published: July 2024

One of the core assumptions of most deep-learning-based data-driven models is that samples are independent. However, this assumption poses a key challenge in production forecasting—performance is influenced by well interference and reservoir connectivity. Most shale gas wells are hydraulically fractured and exist in complex fracture systems, and the neighboring well characteristics should also be considered when constructing data-driven forecast models. Researchers have explored using the graph convolutional network (GCN) to address this issue by incorporating neighboring well characteristics into production forecasting models. However, applying GCN to field-scale studies is problematic, as it requires training on a full batch, leading to gigantic cache allocation. In addition, the transductive nature of GCN poses challenges for direct generalization to unseen nodes. To overcome these limitations, we adopt the graph sampling and aggregation (GraphSAGE) network architecture, which allows training large graphs with batches and generalizing predictions for previously unseen nodes. By utilizing the gated recurrent unit (GRU) network, the proposed spatial-temporal (ST)-GraphSAGE model can capture cross-time relationships between the target and the neighboring wells and generate promising prediction time series for the target wells, even if they are newly drilled wells.

The proposed approach is validated and tested using the field data from 2,240 Montney shale gas wells, including formation properties, hydraulic fracture parameters, production history, and operational data. The algorithm aggregates the first-hop information to the target node for each timestep. The encoder-decoder (ED) architecture is used to generate forecasts for the subsequent 3-year production rate by using the 1-year production history of the wells. The trained model enables the evaluation of production predictions for newly developed wells at any location. We evaluate the model’s performance using P10, P50, and P90 of the test data set’s root mean square error (RMSE). Our method preserves the topological characteristics of wells and generalizes the prediction to unseen nodes while significantly reducing training complexity, making it applicable to larger data sets. By incorporating information from adjacent wells and integrating ST data, our ST-GraphSAGE model outperforms the traditional GRU-ED model and shows enhanced interpretability.
Modelling structural breaks in social cash transfers effects on poverty and inequality reduction in Africa: A case of Nigeria
Authors: Ajisafe Rufus Adebayo , Okunade Solomon Oluwaseun , Fatai Musbau Olaniyan
Published: July 2024

Poverty and inequality have become persistent challenges in African countries, hindering sustainable development and equitable economic growth. Against this backdrop, the Nigerian government introduced social cash transfer (SCT) programmes to provide targeted financial assistance to vulnerable populations and foster inclusive social welfare. However, the impact has been somewhat indefinable given the continued increase in poverty and inequality levels in Nigeria. Thus, this present study focuses on the effect of SCTs on poverty, inequality, and macroeconomic instability in Nigeria using secondary data for the periods of 1984 to 2021. The results of the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) with structural breaks showed that, individually, SCTs significantly increase the levels of poverty, inequality and inflation in Nigeria, but when we considered structural breaks and moderated effects of institutional peculiarities of less developed countries such as Nigeria using control of corruption and accountability, social cash transfers reduced poverty and inequality levels as well as macroeconomic instability in Nigeria. Findings from this study reveal that SCTs have played a pivotal role in improving the well-being of beneficiaries by providing crucial financial support, which, in turn, has contributed to reducing the incidence of poverty and mitigating income disparities among households. Our findings serve as a useful benchmark for the government, policymakers, and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) for evaluating the effectiveness of SCT policies and other social welfare strategies in Nigeria toward evidence-based poverty alleviation and inequality reduction strategies, given the present socio-economic challenges.
JEL Classification: E02, H55, I32, M14
Prior Knowledge and Antiretroviral Therapy Prophylaxis are Associated with Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Sakyi Samuel Asamoah , Effah Alfred , Enimil Anthony Kwame , Senu Ebenezer , Yeboah Kingsley Takyi , Appiah-Nuamah Judith , Opoku Stephen , Oppong Success Acheampomaa , Kwarteng Samuel , Afari-Gyan Festus Nana , Agordzo Samuel Kekeli , Mensah Oscar Simon Olympio , Akpobi Solomon , Amoani Benjamin , Ayisi-Boateng Nana Kwame
Published: July 2024

Background:Mother to child transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), persists despite the availability of effective prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) strategies. In Ghana, there is limited data on prevalence and the associated factors of mother to child transmission of HIV existing. The PMTCT strategies in Ghana has not been evaluated. This study therefore assessed the prevalence, knowledge and factors associated with mother to child transmission of HIV in Kumasi, Ghana.
Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) and Aninwaa medical Centre and fertility clinic from May 2023 to September 2023. A total of 103 women living with HIV and have ever given birth were sampled. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, knowledge and MTCT transmission rates among study participants. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.0 and GraphPad Prism version 8.0. p-values of < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval were considered significant.
Results:The prevalence of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) was 21.4%. MTCT was more prevalent among the age group 36-45 years (50.0%), who had primary education (40.9%) and were married (63.6%) with 2-3 children (50.0%). In the logistic regression model, higher age groups 36- 45 (aOR: 20.1, 95% CI (1.45-278.87); p = 0.025), 46-55 (aOR: 18.33, 95% CI (1.03-325.57); p = 0.048) and 56-74 (aOR: 76.42, 95% CI (1.87-3131.45); p = 0.022) were independent predictors of MTCT. Moreover, mothers not knowing their HIV status prior to pregnancy (cOR=9.13) CI; (3.01-27.68), (p < 0.001) and children not receiving ART prophylaxis (cOR=8.25), CI; (2.91-23.40), (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with MTCT.
Conclusion:There is high prevalence of MTCT (21.4%) and is influenced by higher age group of 36-74 years, no knowledge of HIV status prior to pregnancy as well as children who do not receive ART prophylaxis. This study’s findings call for an increased awareness on the knowledge of MTCT, availability of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis for expectant mothers and enhanced HIV testing and treatment for women of reproductive age, including self-testing.
The Quality of Life of Children With Heart Disease in Tanzania: a Single Center Study
Authors: Koster Joëlle R. , Majani Naizihijwa G. , Kalezi Zawadi E. , Hoefnagels Johanna W. , Letara Nuru , Nkya Deogratias , Mongela Stella , Sharau Godwin , Kubhoja Sulende , Mlawi Vivienne , Chillo Pilly , Slieker Martijn G. , Grobbee Diederick E. , Janabi Mohammed
Published: July 2024

Background
The demand for managing congenital heart disease (CHD) exceeds the available resources in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This has resulted in a growing population of children with CHD, with only few receiving surgical interventions, while many more are waiting for intervention. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its impact on the pediatric CHD population in these settings have been largely overlooked, and limited research has been conducted. Therefore, this study aimed to explore HRQOL in the pediatric CHD population in Tanzania by comparing unoperated and operated patients, thus bridging the knowledge gap.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included patients with CHD aged 2 to 18 years, without severe comorbidities, at the outpatient department of the Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, either pre- or postoperatively, with follow-up of at least six months after cardiac surgery. The Pediatric HRQoL Generic Core Scale (PedsQL™ 4.0 SF15, Swahili Version) was used. The main outcomes were general HRQoL, as reported by parents and patients, and clinical and sociodemographic variables. Questions were scored on a Likert linear analogue scale; a higher score indicated a better HRQoL. The means of the HRQoL scores are summarized. The between-group scores were compared with Student’s t test or the Mann‒Whitney U test. Generalized linear models were used to identify predictors of HRQOL.
Results
The mean age of the children was 6.3 ± 3.7 years, with a female predominance (n = 110, 53.9%). Operated patients had a greater socioeconomic status (0.71/1 vs 0.66/1) and more frequent early diagnosis (< 1 year; 67.8% vs 47.1%). The complexity of cardiac diagnosis was similar between the groups. Operated patients had significantly higher parent-reported HRQOL scores (90.8 ± 10.2 vs 80.5 ± 16.7), with the most noticeable difference in the physical domain (effect size d=-0.813). Operation and higher socioeconomic status were found to be significant predictors of better HRQOL. HRQoL significantly decreased with increasing severity of heart failure symptoms.
Conclusions
The QoL of operated Tanzanian children with CHD differed significantly from that of their unoperated counterparts. Reducing symptoms for those on the waiting list can improve their QoL. In this setting, health-related QoL in children with CHD is strongly predicted and influenced by socioeconomic status, emphasizing the need for interventions to address socioeconomic disparities and improve patient outcomes.
Investigate the therapeutic differences between Temporal Interference Stimulation and Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on Post-stroke cognitive dysfunction: A Protocol for Clinical Trial
Authors: MAIMAITIAILI DILINUER , Shi Xiaolong , Wu Jiali , Ren Meng , Zhang Qian , Zhang Sicong , Li Yuanli , Shan Chunlei
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and temporal interference stimulation (TIS) as electrical neuromodulation therapy, have shown promising applications in cognitive impairments. Meanwhile TIS technique is more novel with deep and non-invasive brain stimulation . At present, the therapeutic or neuromodulation differences between TIS with tACS on Post-stroke cognitive dysfunction(PSCI) is still unclear. Here, we aim to compare and analysis the neuromodulation model and clinical performances of TIS and tACS.
Methods and analysis
The prospective, single-blind and randomized controlled trial will be conducted over a two-week period. Through precise statistical sample size calculation,thirty-six eligible participants with mild PSCI will be recruited and randomly allocated to either the tACS or the TIS group. Participants in the TIS group will receive stimulation at frequencies of 2005Hz and 2010Hz with hippocampus target(in the hippocampal region). Those in the tACS group will undergo 5Hz stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The intervention will last for two weeks, with each participants receiving 25-minute stimulation sessions once a day, five times per week. The primary outcome measure will be the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), while secondary outcomes will include performance on the N-back task, digital span test (DST), shape trails test (STT) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). All clinical assessments will be collected at two time points: pre-intervention (T1) and post-intervention (T2).
Trial registration
The trial protocol is registered with www.chictr.org.cn under protocol registration number ChiCTR2400081207.Registered February 26, 2024.
Cross-Species Radiomics: Evaluating the Generalizability of Intervertebral Disc MRI-based Radiomics Models between Humans and Experimental Monkeys
Authors: Wang Jianmin , Guo Lei , Li Jianfeng , Cao Xiaodong , Du Wei , Zhou Jiaxiang , Li Haizhen , Li Junhong , Zhu Zhengya , Tang Tao , Li Xianlong , Zhou Zhiyu , Liu Zhiguo , Xi Yongming , Gao Manman
Published: July 2024

Experimental monkeys serve as a bridge between basic research and clinical medicine. Accurately assessing the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) in experimental monkeys is crucial for further intervertebral disc related research in these animals. Radiomics promises significant enhancement in quantitative diagnostic precision for IVDD, while the cornerstone of constructing robust and efficient radiomics models (RMs) relies on access to large-scale sample data. In experimental monkey research, however, ethical restrictions and resource constraints typically limit sample sizes. This study addresses this challenge by comparing and analyzing the generalizability of intervertebral disc MRI-based radiomics models between humans and experimental monkeys. The findings reveal that 12.30% (438/3562) of the radiomics features demonstrate high reproducibility between the two species. Leveraging the sufficient human dataset, we built RMs and employed the experimental monkey dataset as a training set to validate the cross-species generalizability of these models. Notably, in the test phase, models constructed based on the inter-species reproducible features achieved AUC values ranging from 0.82 to 0.92, indicative of promising diagnostic performance. This study emphasizes the advantages of leveraging human data for the construction of RMs under conditions of constrained experimental monkey research. We innovatively propose and validate the potential for cross-species application of RMs. This study furnishes strong theoretical underpinnings and practical foundations for the broader application of radiomics in cross-species disease research.
Palatal mucormycosis in an immune-competent infant following dengue haemorrhagic fever. A rare disease entity, treated with a challenging course of IV liposomal amphotericin B for 270+ days; longest duration reported from Sri Lanka
Authors: Pathiraja Hashan , Munasighe Rakitha , Gunapala Rasika , Fernando Jerrad , Gunaratne Sandini , Pemasiri Chethana , Jayasekera Primali
Published: July 2024

Background
Mucormycosis is an emerging global illness with significant morbidity and mortality. Causative fungi can spread through inhalation of sporangiospores or direct inoculation through damaged skin or mucosa in susceptible patients, especially those with impaired immune systems. Here we report a rare occurrence of the disease in an immunocompetent infant following dengue haemorrhagic fever, highlighting the treatment course which is the longest duration reported from Sri Lanka so far.
Case presentation
A 4-month-old infant was admitted to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) after experiencing dengue haemorrhagic fever, which was complicated by multi-organ dysfunction and required intubation. After recovery, he was found to have a necrotic lesion in the palate, which was confirmed to be mucormycosis following biopsy. Computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans showed erosions of the hard palate and involvement of the paranasal sinuses, orbital floor and soft palate without brain or eye lesions.
The child was started on intravenous (IV) liposomal amphotericin B and required several debridement surgeries. Radiological studies showed persistent active bone lesions and antifungals were continued until radiological, mycological and clinical clearance was achieved. Intravenous amphotericin B was given for 270+ days required central lines and was complicated by venous thrombosis.
A palatal prosthesis was inserted until a definite palatal repair is done. The child is clinically well and thriving. Laboratory evaluations showed normal IgG and subclasses, IgA, IgM, and IgE levels, HIV testing was negative, nitroblue tetrazolium test(NBT) was normal and metabolic screening was negative.
Conclusion
Though mucormycosis usually occur in children with immunosuppression or metabolic syndromes, it can occur in immunocompetent children, especially following a critical illness with high lactic acid levels, as in our case. It’s important to manage these children under multi-disciplinary care and complete treatment until there is evidence of radiological clearance to achieve better outcome.
Economic impact of labor productivity losses induced by heat stress: An agent-based macroeconomic approach
Authors: Kimmich Christian , Weyerstraß Klaus , Czypionka Thomas , Fauster Norman FRM , Kinner Maurice , Laa Elisabeth , Mateeva Liliana , Plank Kerstin , Ulrici Leonhard , Zenz Hannes , Miess Michael , Poledna Sebastian
Published: July 2024

Against the backdrop of rising temperatures, this paper analyzes how prolonged heat affects labor productivity and the corresponding macroeconomic outcomes, using Austria as a case study. While previous research primarily focused on specific industries or used industry aggregates, this study also considers inter-industrial economic connections. We assess the macroeconomic effects of an increase in heat stress triggered by climate change with an emphasis on (1) industry-specific work intensity and (2) the vulnerability to heat-induced impairments resulting in an industry-specific loss of labor productivity. To account for indirect and non-linear economic relationships, we apply an agent-based model of the Austrian economy, which translates heat-induced productivity losses into economy-wide effects via shocks to industry-related input-output structures on the level of economic agents. The findings highlight how in the scenario with the highest temperature increase, the largest average loss in real GDP amounts to 0.8% in the third year compared to the baseline scenario. The largest aggregate effect is found for investments in dwellings. In line with existing literature, industries most affected directly are those that perform intense work in the sun, such as agriculture and construction. Thus, our unique methodological approach, model, and the corresponding EU data sources can serve as a blueprint for further comparative research.
Immune signature in vaccinated versus non-vaccinated aged people with COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Ruggiero Alessandra , Caldrer Sara , Pastori Claudia , Gianesini Natasha , Cugnata Federica , Brombin Chiara , Fantoni Tobia , Tais Stefano , Rizzi Eleonora , Matucci Andrea , Mayora-Neto Martin , Uberti-Foppa Caterina , Temperton Nigel , Serio Mariaclelia Stefania Di , Lopalco Lucia , Piubelli Chiara
Published: July 2024

Background
A definition of the immunological features of COVID-19 pneumonia is needed to support clinical management of aged patients. In this study, we characterized the humoral and cellular immune responses in presence or absence of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, in aged patients admitted to the IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital (Italy) for COVID-19 pneumonia between November 2021 and March 2022.
Methods
The study was approved by local authorities. Disease severity was evaluated according to WHO guidelines. We tested: A) anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral response (anti-RBD-S IgG, anti-S IgM, anti-N IgG, neutralizing activity against Delta, BA1, BA4/5 variants); B) Lymphocyte B, CD4 and CD8 T-cell phenotype; C) plasma cytokines. The impact of vaccine administration and different variants on the immunological responses was evaluated using standard linear regression models and Tobit models for censored outcomes adjusted for age, vaccine doses and gender.
Result
We studied 47 aged patients (median age 78.41), 22 (47%) female, 33 (70%) older than 70 years (elderly). At hospital admission, 36% were unvaccinated (VACno), whilst 63% had received 2 (VAC2) or 3 doses (VAC3) of vaccine. During hospitalization, WHO score > 5 was higher in unvaccinated (14% in VAC3 vs 43% in VAC2 and 44% VACno). Independently from vaccination doses and gender, elderly had overall reduced anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral response (IgG-RBD-S, p = 0.0075). By linear regression, the anti-RBD-S (p = 0.0060), B (p = 0.0079), CD8 (p = 0.0043) and Th2 cell counts (p = 0.0131) were higher in VAC2 + 3 compared to VACno. Delta variant was the most representative in VAC2 (n = 13/18, 72%), detected in 41% of VACno, whereas undetected in VAC3, and anti-RBD-S production was higher in VAC2 vs VACno (p = 0.0001), alongside neutralization against Delta (p = 0141), BA1 (p = 0.0255), BA4/5 (p = 0.0162). Infections with Delta also drove an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-α, p = 0.0463; IL-6, p = 0.0010).
Conclusions
Administration of 3 vaccination doses reduces the severe symptomatology in aged and elderly. Vaccination showed a strong association with anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral response and an expansion of Th2 T-cells populations, independently of age. Delta variants and number of vaccine doses affected the magnitude of the humoral response against the original SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants. A systematic surveillance of the emerging variants is paramount to define future vaccination strategies.
What is the prognosis for non-displaced femoral neck fractures treated with a strict protocol? Analysis of a prospective cohort treated with internal fixation versus arthroplasty.
Authors: Zamora Tomas , Castro Hari , Silva Francisco , Vidal Catalina , Faundez Jorge , Vial Agustin , Botello Eduardo , Klaber Ianiv , Carmona Maximiliano , Schweitzer Daniel
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Non-displaced femoral neck fractures (FNF) are common in elderly patients, but the best treatment approach is still uncertain. The decision should be based on several factors, including fracture angulation and comminution, to ensure the best possible clinical and functional outcomes in the mid-to long-term. In this study, we report on the treatment of non-displaced FNF in elderly patients using a personalized protocol with either internal fixation or arthroplasty. Our objectives were to evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of both treatment options and to compare the results between the two groups.
Methods
Analysis of a prospectively collected cohort of patients treated from 2010 to 2022 with a geriatric non-displaced femoral neck fracture. Patients were treated with internal fixation if no significant angulation, cortical gap, comminution, or significant osteoarthritis was observed. In case any of the later was present, a joint replacement was selected. Primary outcomes recorded were complications, reoperations, and mortality.
Results
One hundred and nineteen patients were included. 75% were female. Nintynine patients were treated with internal fixation, while eighteen had a partial or total hip replacement. Two patients did not undergo surgery because of their general condition. Patients were followed for a median of 4 years.
Severe complications were observed in 5% of cases, while reoperations were performed in 4%. 30-day mortality and one-year mortality were 1% and 6%, respectively. There were no significant differences in reoperations, complications, or mortality between the internal fixation group and the arthroplasty group.
Conclusions
Surgical management of non-displaced femoral neck fractures with internal fixation or arthroplasty is both safe and effective as long as a strict protocol is followed, and careful analysis of radiographic features is performed.
A stakeholder-driven approach to designing a peer recovery coach role for implementation in community-oriented primary care teams in South Africa
Authors: Myers Bronwyn , Regenauer Kristen S. , Johnson Kim , Brown Imani , Rose Alexandra , Ciya Nonceba , Ndamase Sibabalwe , Jacobs Yuche , Anvari Morgan , Hines Abigail , Dean Dwayne , Baskar Rithika , Magidson Jessica
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
In South Africa (SA), community-oriented primary care (COPC) teams work to re-engage out-of-care people with HIV (PWH) in treatment, many of whom have substance use (SU) concerns. SU stigma is high among these teams, limiting care engagement efforts. Integrating peer recovery coaches (PRCs) into COPC teams could shift SU stigma and improve patients’ engagement in care. The PRC role does not exist in SA and represents a workforce innovation. To enhance acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness for the local context, we engaged multiple stakeholder groups to co-design a PRC role for COPC team integration.
Methods
We used a five-step human-centered design process: (i) semi-structured interviews with healthcare worker (HCW, n = 25) and patient (n = 15) stakeholders to identify priorities for the role; (ii) development of an initial role overview; (iii) six ideation workshops with HCW (n = 12) and patient (n = 12) stakeholders to adapt this overview; (iv) refinement of the role prototype via four co-design workshops with HCW (n = 7) and patient (n = 9) stakeholders; and (v) consultation with HIV and SU service leaders to assess the acceptability and feasibility of integrating this prototype into COPC teams.
Results
Although all stakeholders viewed the PRC role as acceptable, patients and HCWs identified different priorities. Patients prioritized the care experience through sharing of lived experience and confidential SU support. HCWs prioritized clarification of the PRC role, working conditions, and processes to limit any impact on the COPC team. A personal history of SU, minimum 1 year in SU recovery, and strong community knowledge were considered role prerequisites by all stakeholders. Through the iterative process, stakeholders clarified their preferences for PRC session structure, location, and content and expanded proposed components of PRC training to include therapeutic and professional work practice competencies. Service leaders endorsed the prototype after the addition of PRC integration training for COPCs and PRC mentoring to address community and COPC dynamics.
Conclusion
Stakeholder engagement in an iterative HCD process has been integral to co-designing a PRC role that multiple stakeholder groups consider acceptable and that COPC teams are willing to implement. This offers a methodological framework for other teams designing SU workforce innovations.
Symptom network connectivity of PTSD comorbid with depression in bereaved Chinese parents
Authors: Eli Buzohre , Liu Xuanang , Xiao Fei , Liu Zhengkui
Published: July 2024

Background
The death of a child is a highly traumatic event for parents and often leads to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. PTSD and depression are frequent comorbid. However, the patterns of comorbidity at the symptom level among bereaved parents remain unclear. This study aims to identify symptom network connectivity of PTSD comorbid with depression in bereaved parents who have lost their only child, known as Shidu parents in Chinese society.
Methods
Data were obtained from 477 bereaved individuals who had lost an only child. A Gaussian graphical model (GGM) was used to construct two comorbidity networks of PTSD and depression with and without overlapping symptoms. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) was computed to determine potential directionality among symptoms in the network without overlapping symptoms.
Results
In the GGM, symptoms from alterations in arousal and reactivity (Cluster E) and negative alterations in cognition and mood (Cluster D) tended to be key bridging nodes in both networks with and without overlapping symptoms. The DAG results indicated the important triggering role of an exaggerated startle response and several negative alterations in cognition and mood symptoms.
Conclusions
The results suggest a crucial role of the exaggerated startle response in the comorbidity network between PTSD and depression among bereaved Chinese parents. This finding may serve as a significant target for psychological interventions in this population.
Effects of falls on self-rated health and anxiety in Chinese elderly chronic multimorbid patients : moderating role of psychological resilience
Authors: Tang Shaoliang , Xu Jingyu , Mao Xiaoyan , Jiao Huilin , Qian Yuxin , Wang Gaoling
Published: July 2024

Introduction
This study enquired into the effects of falls on self-rated health and anxiety symptoms, and the moderating role of psychological resilience in China's elderly chronic multimorbid patients.
Methods
Data were taken from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). We used the linear regression model to delve into the association among falls and self-rated health and anxiety symptoms, the moderating roles of psychological resilience was verifed by the moderation analysis, and we also used the replacement model to test the robustness. Finally, the results of the study were further verified by completing the heterogeneity analysis through subgroup regression.
Results
3141 older people with chronic multimorbidity were included in our study. The linear regression results showed that falling behavior was significantly negatively correlated with self-rated health symptoms of Chinese elderly chronic multimorbid patients (β = -0.2017, p < 0.01), and significantly positively correlated with anxiety symptoms (β = 0.7284, p < 0.01). Among the moderating effects, we found that psychological resilience played a moderating role between falling behavior and anxiety symptoms (β = − 0.147 [-0.214, -0.079], p < 0.01). Finally, we found heterogeneity in the study results by gender and place of residence.
Conclusion
The presence of falls tends to make Chinese elderly chronic multimorbid patients develop poorer self-rated health and higher anxiety levels. High levels of psychological resilience have a moderating effect on inhibiting the development of anxiety symptoms.
Progression of vascular complications enhances the formation of advanced glycation end-products in the serum of patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kato Sayuri , Matsumura Takeshi , Sugawa Hikari , Nagai Ryoji
Published: July 2024

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation increases with metabolic disorders, leading to higher serum AGE levels in patients with progressive vascular complications. Measuring AGE levels in biological samples requires multiple pre-analytical processing steps, rendering analysis of multiple samples challenging. This study evaluated the progression of diabetic complications by analyzing AGE levels using a pre-analytical processing strategy based on a fully automated solid phase-extraction system. Serum samples from patients with diabetes with or without macrovascular complications (Mac or non-Mac) or microvascular complications (Mic or non-Mic) were processed with the established methods, and free and total AGE levels in sera were measured using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. In patients with diabetes, free and total AGE levels are elevated in those with complications compared to those without complications. In Mac and Mic groups, free and total AGE levels and z-scores, the sum of the normalized AGE levels, also increased. When distinguishing each complication, AGE z-scores were markedly higher than those of single AGE levels. Our study demonstrated that the free AGE z-score, measured using a new analytical processing method without hydrolysis, was correlated with the presence of vascular complications and therefore may act as a marker of disease complications.
Flood Prediction Using Classical and Quantum Machine Learning Models
Authors: Grzesiak Marek , Thakkar Param
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the potential of quantum machine learning (QML) to improve flood forecasting. We focus on daily flood events along Germany’s Wupper River in 2023. Our approach combines classical machine learning (SVM, KNN, regression, AR models) with QML techniques (Adaboost, Quantum Variational Circuits, QBoost, QSV C_M L). This hybrid model leverages quantum properties like superposition and entanglement to achieve better accuracy and efficiency. Classical and QML models are compared based on training time, accuracy, and scalability. Results show that QML models offer competitive training times and improved prediction accuracy. This research signifies a step towards utilizing quantum technologies for climate change adaptation. We emphasize collaboration and continuous innovation to implement this model in real-world flood management, ultimately enhancing global resilience against floods.
Successful Use of Levosimendan in Managing Refractory Coronary Vasospasm Leading to Recurrent Cardiac Arrests: A Case Report
Authors: Ralota Kristoffer Ken , Wang Wendy , Layland Jamie
Published: July 2024

Background
Coronary vasospasm can be life threatening and can be refractory. First line therapies include calcium channel blockers and nitrates; however, they have variable effectiveness. This case report presents a case of refractory coronary artery vasospasm presenting with ST elevation and recurrent cardiac arrest who was treated with levosimendan, a distinctive inodilator with calcium-sensitising and ATP-sensitive potassium channel opening properties, highlighting its potential therapeutic role in this clinical setting.
Case Presentation:
A 57-year-old male with an established diagnosis of coronary vasospasm presenting with ST elevation in the inferior leads and suffered multiple cardiac arrests, initially treated with electrical defibrillation and advanced life support measures. Angiography showed mild coronary artery disease unchanged from previous angiograms. The patient was managed in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) infusion but continued to have episodes of inferior ST elevations on electrocardiogram (ECG). Given the refractory vasospasm, levosimendan infusion was initiated at 0.2 mcg/kg/min for 24 hours, leading to stabilization with no further episodes and was eventually discharged from hospital.
Conclusions
Levosimendan, with its unique pharmacological profile as a calcium sensitizer and potassium channel opener, offers a promising therapeutic option for managing refractory coronary vasospasm. Its dual action improves cardiac contractility and induces significant vasodilation, addressing the underlying pathophysiology of vasospasm. The presented case highlights the potential of levosimendan in stabilizing patients with refractory coronary vasospasm when conventional therapies fail. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to establish its efficacy and safety profile in a broader patient population.
A di-glycine motif in the cytoplasmic tail of CD3ε required for transmission of allosteric changes in the TCR and full CD3ζ phosphorylation
Authors: Tercero Rut , Bovolenta Elena R. , Martín-Blanco Nadia , Lombard Alice , Alarcón Balbino
Published: July 2024

How the T cell receptor (TCR) recognizes its antigen ligand and transmits this information to the cytoplasm for T cell activation is still a matter of debate. A large body of experimental data suggests that the TCR undergoes allosteric changes upon ligand binding that are responsible for the outside-in transfer of information. One of the hallmarks of TCR allostery is the induced exposure of a proline-rich sequence (PRS) in the cytoplasmic tail of the CD3ε subunit, enabling binding to the cytoplasmic adaptor protein Nck. We show here that a glycine-to-alanine mutation (G169A) in a conserved di-glycine motif upstream of the PRS impairs TCR binding to Nck upon stimulation with an activating antibody. Furthermore, the mutation hinders CD3ε tyrosine phosphorylation and, interestingly, selectively affects CD3ζ subunit phosphorylation at Tyr83. In addition, the G169A mutation impairs the phosphorylation of Lck at Ser59. Taken together, these data support the concept of TCR allostery and highlight the existence of a regulated sequence of interactions between TCR subunits and associated effector proteins.
Antibiofilm, regenerative and bone homeostasis potential of the synergistic association of synoeca-MP peptide with chlorhexidine in oral cavity opportunistic infections
Authors: Barin Ingrid Aquino Reichert , Silva Johnny Carvalho da , Ramos Raquel Figuerêdo , Lima Stella Maris de Freitas , Cantuária Ana Paula de Castro , Silva Poliana Amanda Oliveira , Dantas Elaine Maria Guará Lôbo , Martins Danilo César Mota , Júnior Nelson Gomes de Oliveira , Martinez Osmel Fleitas , de Almeida Jeeser Alves , Ramada Marcelo Henrique Soller , Franco Octávio Luiz , Rezende Taia Maria Berto
Published: July 2024

Objective
To evaluate in vitro the association between synoeca-MP peptide and chlorhexidine, regarding their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities, saliva stability, effect on tissue repair, bone resorption processes, and mineralized matrix formation.
Methodology
Initially, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and antibiofilm concentration were determined. The synergism and degradation of synoeca-MP and chlorhexidine in human saliva were assessed. Furthermore, biocompatibility was evaluated using MTT assays, hemolytic assays, and proliferation and migration assays of periodontal ligament cells. Finally, bone homeostasis was evaluated through osteoclastogenesis assays, alkaline phosphatase determination, and mineralized matrix formation assay with SaOs-2 and ligament cells.
Results
The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against the tested microorganisms was confirmed. Low synergistic concentrations of the synoeca-MP and chlorhexidine combination inhibited tested microorganisms. The association of these molecules remained stable in healthy saliva. Nevertheless, it degraded as the severity of periodontal disease increased. Additionally, lower synergistic concentrations of the combination were not cytotoxic to human cells, promoted the proliferation and migration of ligament cells, inhibited osteoclastogenesis, and increased mineral matrix formation of ligament cells and SaOs-2.
Conclusion
Synoeca-MP and chlorhexidine combination shows potential for oral diseases treatment, as evidenced by its antimicrobial activity, regenerative potential, saliva stability, and bone homeostasis. It may be particularly effective for opportunistic oral infections and in conjunction with mechanical therapy.
Clinical relevance
The results obtained allow us to confirm the safety and expected effects of this combination, making it a promising alternative for hospitalized patients.
Photocatalytic Dye Degradation by ZIF-8@BiVO4 Composite
Authors: Senapati Deepak , Swain Jaykishon , Priyadarshini Anulipsa , Das Niharika , Hajra Sugato , Kim Hoe Joon , samantaray Raghabendra , Sinha Jatin , Sahu Rojalin
Published: July 2024

In this research, we investigate the photocatalytic degradation of Congo Red (CR) dye using a novel composite material composed of ZIF-8 and BiVO4 (BVO). The synergistic interaction between ZIF-8 and BVO significantly enhances charge transfer at the interface, thereby reducing electron-hole recombination and substantially boosting photocatalytic efficiency. Characterization of the composite was performed using Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), UV-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Photocatalytic experiments revealed that the Z/BVO-25 composite achieves 94.37% degradation of CR dye under sunlight within 90 minutes, outperforming ZIF-8 (80.74%) and BVO (60.4%) alone. Additionally, the composite demonstrated remarkable stability and reusability, maintaining 86.3% of its initial efficiency after four cycles. This study highlights the potential of integrating photocatalysts with Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to significantly enhance photocatalytic performance.
Extracranial Carotid Artery Dissection Induced by Varicella Zoster Vasculopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Li Lina , Cai Jifu
Published: July 2024

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), a human neurotropic herpesvirus, can trigger vasculopathy, manifesting as stroke, aneurysm, and arterial dissection. Extracranial carotid artery dissection attributable to VZV is exceptionally rare. This case report describes an immunocompetent patient with unilateral carotid artery dissection and contralateral arterial irregularity, both resulting from VZV reactivation.
Simulation of received Solar Radiation for Energy Consumption and Thermal Comfort in Flexible and Environmental Housing with optimal courtyard in a Csa Climate
Authors: Norouzi Mahsa , Ghafourian Mitra , Barzegar Zahra
Published: July 2024

The adaptability of housing to the resident's needs over time is crucial, relying on the flexibility of the structure, with expanding indoor space to outdoor areas being one of the most suitable methods. On the other hand, outdoor spaces can contribute to providing environmentally compatible housing by reducing energy consumption while ensuring thermal comfort. In flexible and environmental housing, outdoor space (courtyard) plays a crucial role. This research focused on investigating the role of the courtyard in apartment housing from two perspectives: flexibility and environmental compatibility. In flexible and environmental housing, outdoor space (courtyard) plays a crucial role. This research focused on investigating the role of courtyards in apartment housing from two perspectives: flexibility and environmental compatibility. In this regard, the flexibility approach involved expanding housing areas into the courtyard, while the environmental approach entailed determining the optimal direction and position for the courtyard. Environmental parameters such as energy consumption, thermal comfort, and solar radiation were simulated in three selected time intervals using EnergyPlus software. The validation process involved comparing the measurement data with the TES-132 data logger and simulation data. The optimal unit was identified using variance analysis and post hoc testing. Subsequently, the flexibility technique was applied to the optimal unit, and the energy consumption and thermal comfort parameters were compared before and after the implementation. The case study involved three flexible housing units with courtyards in the corners (A), the north and south (B), and the east and west (C) of buildings in a cold climate region in Hamedan. The energy consumption and thermal comfort results in the NW, NE, and SW directions showed similarities across all units. Therefore, the optimal unit for these directions was determined through variance analysis of solar radiation. The solar radiation results on the main walls and courtyards indicated that the courtyard acted as a climatic modifier, compensating for excess and deficiency of solar radiation. The post hoc T-test analysis on solar radiation for the courtyards demonstrated that the optimal unit was assumed to be BNW, CNE, and BSW, while in the SE direction, with all three environmental parameters matching, unit ASE was identified as the optimal one. After implementing flexibility in the optimal unit, the comparison results before and after expansion showed a reduction of 11.7% in energy consumption per capita and 6% in thermal comfort. Flexibility, accompanied by environmental efficiency, ensured that the courtyard continued to serve as a climate regulator and remained environmentally after the expansion of units.
Comparison of Transarterial Chemoembolization vs Radioembolization for Large Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma (>8cm): A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.
Authors: Phan Nhan Hien , Chun Ho Jong , Oh Jung Suk , Kim Su Ho , Choi Byung Gil
Published: July 2024

Objective
This study aimed to compare transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and transarterial radioembolization (TARE) as first-line treatments for unresectable HCC > 8 cm.
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed 129 HCC patients with tumor diameters greater than 8 cm from January 2010 to December 2021, including 40 patients who received TARE and 89 patients treated with TACE as primary treatment. Following Propensity Score Matching (PSM), 40 patients from each group were harmonized for baseline characteristics. Tumor responses were evaluated using mRECIST criteria, and survival outcomes were compared between treatment groups using Kaplan-Meier curves and the Log-rank test.
Results
There was no significant difference in the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) at 3, 6, and 12 months between the two groups; ORR and DCR were 72.6%, 83.1% in TACE group vs 72.5%. 87.5% in TARE group for best tumor response (p-values: 0.625 and 0.981, respectively). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) between the two groups were comparable pre- and post-PSM. After PSM, the OS was 33.2 months (20.0-58.6) in TACE group and 38.1 months (13.8–98.1) in TARE group (p = 0.53), while PFS was 11.5 months (7.7–18.4) and 9.1 months (5.2–23.8) respectively. After PSM, post-embolization syndrome developed more in TACE group (100% vs. 75%, p = 0.002). Major adverse events were 72% in TACE group vs. 5% in TARE group (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
TARE and TACE offer comparable efficacy in managing large HCC, with TARE providing a safer profile, suggesting its consideration as a preferable initial therapeutic approach for unresectable HCC patients with tumors larger than 8 cm.