bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatially resolved gene expression profiling of tumor microenvironment reveals key steps of lung adenocarcinoma development
Authors: Takano Yuma , Suzuki Jun , Nomura Kotaro , Fujii Gento , Zenkoh Junko , Kawai Hitomi , Kuze Yuta , Kashima Yukie , Nagasawa Satoi , Nakamura Yuka , Kojima Motohiro , Tsuchihara Katsuya , Seki Masahide , Kanai Akinori , Matsubara Daisuke , Kohno Takashi , Noguchi Masayuki , Nakaya Akihiro , Tsuboi Masahiro , Ishii Genichiro , Suzuki Yutaka , Suzuki Ayako
Published: December 2024

The interaction of tumor cells and their microenvironment is thought to be a key factor in tumor development. We present spatial RNA profiles obtained from 30 lung adenocarcinoma patients at the non-invasive and later invasive stages. We use spatial transcriptome sequencing data in conjunction with in situ RNA profiling to conduct higher resolution analyses. The detailed examination of each case, as well as the subsequent computational analyses based on the observed diverse profiles, reveals that significant changes in the phenotypic appearances of tumor cells are frequently associated with changes in immune cell features. The phenomenon coincides with the induction of a series of cellular expression programs that enable tumor cells to transform and break through the immune cell barrier, allowing them to progress further. The study shows how lung tumors develop through interaction in their microenvironments.
Molecular sociology of virus-induced cellular condensates supporting reovirus assembly and replication
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Xia Xian , Martynowycz Michael W. , Gonen Tamir , Zhou Z. Hong
Published: December 2024

Virus-induced cellular condensates, or viral factories, are poorly understood high-density phases where replication of many viruses occurs. Here, by cryogenic electron tomography (cryoET) of focused ion beam (FIB) milling-produced lamellae of mammalian reovirus (MRV)-infected cells, we visualized the molecular organization and interplay (i.e., “molecular sociology”) of host and virus in 3D at two time points post-infection, enabling a detailed description of these condensates and a mechanistic understanding of MRV replication within them. Expanding over time, the condensate fashions host ribosomes at its periphery, and host microtubules, lipid membranes, and viral molecules in its interior, forming a 3D architecture that supports the dynamic processes of viral genome replication and capsid assembly. A total of six MRV assembly intermediates are identified inside the condensate: star core, empty and genome-containing cores, empty and full virions, and outer shell particle. Except for star core, these intermediates are visualized at atomic resolution by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) of cellular extracts. The temporal sequence and spatial rearrangement among these viral intermediates choreograph the viral life cycle within the condensates. Together, the molecular sociology of MRV-induced cellular condensate highlights the functional advantage of transient enrichment of molecules at the right location and time for viral replication.
Annexin- and calcium-regulated priming of legume root cells for endosymbiotic infection
Authors: Guillory Ambre , Fournier Joëlle , Kelner Audrey , Hobecker Karen , Auriac Marie-Christine , Frances Lisa , Delers Anaïs , Pedinotti Léa , Le Ru Aurélie , Keller Jean , Delaux Pierre-Marc , Gutjahr Caroline , Frei Dit Frey Nicolas , de Carvalho-Niebel Fernanda
Published: December 2024

Legumes establish endosymbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi or rhizobia bacteria to improve mineral nutrition. Symbionts are hosted in privileged habitats, root cortex (for AM fungi) or nodules (for rhizobia) for efficient nutrient exchange. To reach these habitats, plants form cytoplasmic cell bridges, key to predicting and guiding fungal hyphae or rhizobia-filled infection thread (IT) root entry. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly studied. Here we show that unique ultrastructural changes and calcium (Ca2+) spiking signatures, closely associated with Medicago truncatula Annexin 1 (MtAnn1) accumulation, accompany rhizobia-related bridge formation. Loss of MtAnn1 function in M. truncatula affects Ca2+ spike amplitude, cytoplasmic configuration and rhizobia infection efficiency, consistent with a role of MtAnn1 in regulating infection priming. MtAnn1, which evolved in species establishing intracellular symbioses, is also AM-symbiosis-induced and required for proper arbuscule formation. Together, we propose that MtAnn1 is part of an ancient Ca2+-regulatory module for transcellular endosymbiotic infection.
Attenuation of skin injury by a MARCO targeting PLGA nanoparticle
Authors: Onay Ummiye V. , Xu Dan , Biyashev Dauren , Evans Spencer T. , Demczuk Michael M. , Neef Tobias , Podojil Joseph R. , Beddow Sara , Gianneschi Nathan C. , Le Poole I. Caroline , Miller Stephen D. , Lu Kurt Q.
Published: December 2024

Cutaneous exposure to the DNA alkylating class of chemotherapeutic agents including nitrogen mustard (NM) leads to both skin injury and systemic inflammation. Circulating myeloid subsets recruited to the skin act to further exacerbate local tissue damage while interfering with the wound healing process. We demonstrate herein that intravenous delivery of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) immune-modifying nanoparticles (PLGA-IMPs) shortly after NM exposure restricts accumulation of macrophages and inflammatory monocytes at the injury site, resulting in attenuated skin pathology. Furthermore, PLGA-IMPs induce an early influx and local enrichment of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in the skin lesions critical for the suppression of myeloid cell-pro-inflammatory responses via induction of IL-10 and TGF-β in the cutaneous milieu. Functional depletion of CD4+ Tregs ablates the efficacy of PLGA-IMPs accompanied by a loss of local accumulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines essential for wound healing. Thus, in severe skin trauma, PLGA-IMPs may have therapeutic potential via modulation of inflammatory myeloid cells and regulatory T lymphocytes.
Expression of concern: An impedimetric immunosensor based on diamond nanowires decorated with nickel nanoparticles
Authors: Subramanian Palaniappan , Motorina Anastasiia , Yeap Weng Siang , Haenen Ken , Coffinier Yannick , Zaitsev Vladimir , Niedziolka-Jonsson Joanna , Boukherroub Rabah , Szunerits Sabine
Published: December 2024

Expression of concern for ‘An impedimetric immunosensor based on diamond nanowires decorated with nickel nanoparticles’ by Palaniappan Subramanian et al., Analyst, 2014, 139, 1726–1731, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3AN02045B.
A new pyranopyrazole based colorimetric chemosensor for the selective recognition of biothiols: applications in real samples
Authors: Negi Swati , Takkar Priya , Gahlyan Parveen , Kumar Rakesh
Published: December 2024

A novel chemosensor (P1) based on pyranopyrazole has been developed for the specific detection of biothiols. P1 has excellent sensing capability throughout a broad pH range, guaranteeing its adaptability in diverse biological settings.
Microgel-based modular 3D in vitro microfluidic cell culture platforms
Authors: Kaur Manleen , Dutta Mayuri , Betal Soutik , Singh Neetu
Published: December 2024

The integration of modular 3D in vitro cell culture with microfluidic technology as a powerful emerging biomedical engineering approach.
Expression of concern: Clicking ferrocene groups to boron-doped diamond electrodes
Authors: Das Manash R. , Wang Mei , Szunerits Sabine , Gengembre Léon , Boukherroub Rabah
Published: December 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Clicking ferrocene groups to boron-doped diamond electrodes’ by Manash R. Das et al., Chem. Commun., 2009, 2753–2755, https://doi.org/10.1039/B901481K.
Correction: Mass-tagged aminated probes for rapid discovery of azaphilic natural products in fungal crude extracts
Authors: Flon Victor , Pavesi Coralie , Oger Samuel , Leleu Stéphane , Retailleau Pascal , Jennings Laurence K. , Prado Soizic , Franck Xavier
Published: December 2024

Correction for ‘Mass-tagged aminated probes for rapid discovery of azaphilic natural products in fungal crude extracts’ by Victor Flon et al., Chem. Commun., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CC05122J.
Iodine Speciation in Snow during the MOSAiC Expedition and its Implications for Arctic Iodine Emissions
Authors: Brown Lucy , Pound Ryan , Jones Matthew Ross , Rowlinson Matthew , Chance Rosie , Jacobi Hans-Werner , Blomquist Byron , Helmig Detlev , Archer Steve D. , Barten Johannes Gerardus Martinus , Ganzeveld Laurens , Arndt Stefanie , Dadic Ruzica , Hannula Henna-Reetta , Jaggi Matthias , Krampe Daniela , Macfarlane Amy , Schneebeli Martin , Miller Shaun , Frey Markus , Carpenter Lucy
Published: December 2024

Photochemical release of iodine from snow has been suggested as a source of reactive iodine to the Arctic atmosphere, however understanding of the underlying mechanism and potential source strength is...
Near-bandgap emission in [HOC2H4NH3]2PbI4 perovskite under hydrostatic pressure: emission of a free exciton and a polaronic exciton
Authors: Dybała Filip , Kudrawiec Robert , Polak Maciej P. , Herman Artur P. , Sieradzki Adam , Mączka Mirosław
Published: December 2024

As hydrostatic pressure increases, the polaron formation energy in EA2PbI4 increases and therefore the emission of free exciton (FE) containing a large polaron (FEP) is enhanced and redshifts by a factor of 1.5 relative to the FE emission.
Self-assembling PEGylated mannolipids for liposomal drug encapsulation of natural products
Authors: Mousavifar Leila , Gupta Mukul R. , Rivat Madleen , El Riz Aly , Azzouz Abdelkrim , Lewicky Jordan D. , Martel Alexandrine L. , Le Hoang-Thanh , Roy René
Published: December 2024

The chemical synthesis of modified neoglycolipids is reported in an effort to further improve the drug delivery properties of previously described mannosylated liposomes possessing alkyl linkers in the aglyconic moiety.
Lattice thermal conductivity and phonon properties of polycrystalline graphene
Authors: Abhikeern Kunwar , Singh Amit
Published: December 2024

Using the spectral energy density method, we predict the phonon scattering mean lifetimes of polycrystalline graphene (PC-G) having polycrystallinity only along the x-axis with seven different misorientation (tilt) angles at room temperature.
A sustainable approach using natural phosphates impregnated with nickel hydroxide nanoparticles: a cost-effective solution for alcohol oxidation'
Authors: Chemchoub Sanaa , El Attar Anas , Belgada Abdessamad , Younssi Saad Alami , Jama Charafeddine , Bentiss Fouad , El Rhazi Mama
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a novel and effective approach for the electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols, showcasing the development of a highly active and cost-effective anode catalyst for methanol and ethanol in alkaline medium.
Electronic structures and charge transport mobilities in hybrid organic–inorganic mixed Sn–Pb alloyed perovskites
Authors: Teeratchanan Pattanasak , Pinsook Udomsilp , Busayaporn Wutthikrai , Thongnum Anusit
Published: December 2024

An all-perovskite tandem cell based on narrow-bandgap mixed tin–lead (Sn–Pb) alloyed perovskites is a potential photovoltaic device whose power conversion efficiency can exceed the Shockley–Queisser limit of a single-junction solar cell, 33%.
Densely distributed Co onto carbon-layer-coated flower-like Ni/Al2O3 and its tailored integration into a stirrer for multiple catalytic degradation and solar-powered water evaporation
Authors: Jiang Shuang , Zhao Hongyao , Ma Zichen , Zhu Hongyang , Shang Danhong , Zhai Linzhi , Wang Yanyun , Song Yiyan , Yang Fu
Published: December 2024

Multiple functional tailored materials have shown great potential for both pollutant degradation and freshwater recovery.
Advancements in framework materials for enhanced energy harvesting
Authors: Priyadarshini Anulipsa , Divya S. , Swain Jaykishon , Das Niharika , Swain Subrat , Hajra Sugato , Panda Swati , Samantaray Raghabendra , Belal Mohamed , Kaja Kushal Ruthvik , Kumar Naveen , Kim Hoe Joon , Oh Tae Hwan , Vivekananthan Venkateswaran , Sahu Rojalin
Published: December 2024

Energy harvesting, the process of capturing ambient energy from various sources and converting it into usable electrical power, has attracted a lot of attention due to its potential to provide long-term and self-sufficient energy solutions.
Preparation and characterization of efavirenz cocrystal-encapsulated pronanoliposomes for antiretroviral therapy with improved bioavailability
Authors: Sarkar Sucheta , Roy Arijit Prosad , Mitra Sanchita , Nandi Gouranga , Sahu Ranabir , Dua Tarun Kumar , Paul Paramita
Published: December 2024

The present research work aims to improve the bioavailability of the antiretroviral drug efavirenz (EFV) using pharmaceutical cocrystallization technique.
Dual orthogonal metal-complexes and their utilization for the versatile fabrication of smart interpenetrating polymer networks
Authors: Bätz Thomas , Agyemang Michael F. , Meurer Josefine , Hniopek Julian , Zechel Stefan , Schmitt Michael , Popp Jürgen , Hager Martin D. , Schubert Ulrich S.
Published: December 2024

Smart interpenetrating polymer networks are prepared by applying selective complexation. The utilization of orthogonal and heteroleptic binding motifs enables the preparation of heterogenous networks, leading to versatile shape-memory polymers.
Enhanced magnetoresistance properties of K-site deficient La0.85K0.1□0.05MnO3 manganites synthesized via sol–gel, wet-mixing, and solid-state reaction methods
Authors: Vitayaya Okvarahireka , Kurniawan Budhy , Nehan Phahul Zhemas Zul , Munazat Dicky Rezky , Sudiro Toto , Imaduddin Agung , Nugraha Heri , Yudanto Sigit Dwi , Manawan Maykel T. E.
Published: December 2024

The effect of synthesis methods on the structural, magnetic, electrical transport, and magnetoresistance (MR) properties of K-deficient La0.85K0.1□0.05MnO3 (LKdMO) materials has been investigated.
Eco-friendly and facile one-step synthesis of manganese perovskite (TMPEA)2MnBr4 for high performance X-ray imaging
Authors: Liu Yinke , Zhao Chen , Liu Dan , Li Haibin , Ren Jiwei , Zheng Zhe , Zhao Yiying
Published: December 2024

A room-temperature one-step solution method proposed to prepare an eco-friendly (TMPEA)2MnBr4 scintillator for high-performance X-ray imaging.
Characterization and adsorption performance of nano-hydroxyapatite synthesized from Conus litteratus waste seashells for Congo red dye removal
Authors: Hossain Md Sohag , Hossain Md Sahadat , Ahmed Samina , Bin Mobarak Mashrafi
Published: December 2024

A schematic representation of the synthesis of nHAp from Conus litteratus waste seashells and its application in CR dye removal.
Reacon: a template- and cluster-based framework for reaction condition prediction
Authors: Wang Zihan , Lin Kangjie , Pei Jianfeng , Lai Luhua
Published: December 2024

Reacon is a valuable tool for reaction condition prediction.
New insight into designing a thick-sintered cathode for Li-ion batteries: the impact of excess lithium in LiCoO2 on its electrode performance
Authors: Takeno Shinichi , Suematsu Taiki , Kunisaki Ryusei , Hasegawa Gen , Watanabe Ken , Kuwata Naoaki , Mitsuishi Kazutaka , Ohnishi Tsuyoshi , Takada Kazunori , Suematsu Kohichi , Shimanoe Kengo
Published: December 2024

The electrochemical performance of a thickly and densely sintered LiCoO2 cathode for Li-ion batteries can be drastically improved by adding excess Li. The excess Li enhances disk.
Expression of concern: Construction of desert rose flower-shaped NiFe LDH-Ni3S2 heterostructures via seawater corrosion engineering for efficient water-urea splitting and seawater utilization
Authors: Zhang Zhao-Hui , Yu Zhi-Ran , Zhang Yi , Barras Alexandre , Addad Ahmed , Roussel Pascal , Tang Long-Cheng , Naushad Mu. , Szunerits Sabine , Boukherroub Rabah
Published: December 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Construction of desert rose flower-shaped NiFe LDH-Ni3S2 heterostructures via seawater corrosion engineering for efficient water-urea splitting and seawater utilization’ by Zhao-Hui Zhang et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023, 11, 19578–19590, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TA02770H.
Validation of the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) Automated Speech Processing Algorithm Labels for Adult and Child Segments in a Sample of Families From India
Authors: Meera Shoba S. , Swaminathan Divya , Venkata Murali Sri Ranjani , Raju Reny , Srikar Malavi , Shyam Sundar Sahana , Amudhan Senthil , Cristia Alejandrina , Pawar Rahul , Rao Achuth , Vasuki Prathyusha P. , Volme Shree , Mysore Ashok
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

The Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) technology uses automated speech processing (ASP) algorithms to estimate counts such as total adult words and child vocalizations, which helps understand children's early language environment. This ASP has been validated in North American English and other languages in predominantly monolingual contexts but not in a multilingual context like India. Thus, the current study aims to validate the classification accuracy of the LENA algorithm specifically focusing on speaker recognition of adult segments (AdS) and child segments (ChS) in a sample of bi/multilingual families from India.

Method:

Thirty neurotypical children between 6 and 24 months (
M
= 12.89,
SD
= 4.95) were recruited. Participants were growing up in bi/multilingual environment hearing a combination of Kannada, Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Hindi, and/or English. Daylong audio recordings were collected using LENA and processed using the ASP to automatically detect segments across speaker categories. Two human annotators manually annotated ~900 min (37,431 segments across speaker categories). Performance accuracy (recall and precision) was calculated for AdS and ChS.

Results:

The recall and precision for AdS were 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.61, 0.63]) and 0.83 (95% CI [0.8, 0.83]), respectively. This indicated that 62% of the segments identified as AdS by the human annotator were also identified as AdS by the LENA ASP algorithm and 83% of the segments labeled by the LENA ASP as AdS were also labeled by the human annotator as AdS. Similarly, the recall and precision for ChS were 0.65 (95% CI [0.64, 0.66]) and 0.55 (95% CI [0.54, 0.56]), respectively.

Conclusions:

This study documents the performance of the ASP in correctly classifying speakers as adult or child in a sample of families from India, indicating recall and precision that is relatively low. This study lays the groundwork for future investigations aiming to refine the algorithm models, potentially facilitating more accurate performance in bi/multilingual societies like India.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27910710
System wide‐band oscillation analysis of fractional frequency offshore wind power systems
Authors: Zhang Haitao , Han Jizhi , Sha Zihao , Wei Fengting , Wang Xiuli , Wang Xifan
Published: December 2024

The fractional frequency offshore wind power system (FFOWPS) is a core technology for the long‐distance transmission and integration of the large‐scale offshore wind power. However, the risk of wide‐band oscillation in the FFOWPS has become increasingly prominent due to the inevitable presence of the power electronic devices. The traditional admittance of the frequency converter, which is a crucial component in the FFOWPS, may contain right‐half‐plane (RHP) poles when operating under various control modes. To address this deficiency, this paper establishes a four‐port small‐signal admittance model of a back‐to‐back frequency converter and demonstrates its interconvertibility with the traditional model. On this basis, the wide‐band oscillation analysis method for the FFOWPS is proposed, which explicitly describes the influence of the industrial frequency system, the fractional frequency system, and their coupling interactions on system stability. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink verify the proposed stability analysis method, highlight stability misjudgements associated with the traditional admittance, and analyse the impact of the coupling terms on system stability.
A joint data and knowledge‐driven method for power system disturbance localisation
Authors: Li Zikang , Tian Jiyang , Liu Hao
Published: December 2024

Accurate and fast disturbance localisation is critical for taking timely controls to prevent power system instability. With the increased complexity of systems, the physical model‐based disturbance localisation is challenging to achieve good performance due to model deficiency. Phasor measurement unit (PMU)‐based approaches are developed but their performance has been significantly affected by the number of PMUs. To this end, this article proposes a joint data and knowledge‐driven disturbance localisation method. A spatiotemporal graph convolutional network is proposed to effectively capture the spatiotemporal dependence with a limited number of PMU measurements. By integrating the physical constraints of disturbance type‐topology information and localisation cost characteristics, a composite constraint loss function is proposed that embed physical knowledge into the data‐driven method. This leads to the development of the disturbance localisation method and allows quick identification, improved localisation accuracy, and interpretability of the algorithm. Simulation results carried out on the IEEE 39‐bus system and IEEE 118‐bus system verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
Dynamic sensitivity‐based clustering of distributed energy resources using LoRaWAN technology for voltage regulation in distribution networks
Authors: Gargoom Ameen , Elmusrati Mohammed , Gaouda Ahmed
Published: December 2024

As the penetration level of renewable energies increases, many inverter‐based resources (IBRs) managing algorithms are proposed to control the impact of this penetration on the system. Some of these algorithms are based on a local control without visualizing the status of the whole network and others are based on a centralized control approach that results in dynamic settings without considering the mutual sensitivity among different IBRs. Hence, flexible management of IBRs to be simultaneously controlled either locally or remotely and satisfy technical and fair utilization at IBRs and systems levels becomes essential. The proposed flexible management algorithm suggested a dynamic setting that estimates the mutual sensitivity among IBRs at the system level and assures fairness among different owners. This mutual sensitivity link provides a quantifying measure of IBRs injected power on the status of the whole network. Furthermore, this measure defines dynamic clusters' boundaries that are continuously updated by including the most sensitive IBRs and updating their dynamic settings. This update takes place as system configuration, loads, and available sun‐power change in order to satisfy the flexible management algorithm without impacting fairness. The algorithm is applied on a sample DN and imposes compliance with system standard limits within a time‐frame of the stand‐alone LoRaWAN communication platform.
Improved vector selection model predictive control strategy for quasi‐Z‐source inverter virtual synchronous generator grid‐connected system
Authors: Cheng Zhun , Liu Yihan , Luo Bing , Zhang Yang
Published: December 2024

Conventional inverter control methods reduce the grid inertia and are susceptible to parameter variations, resulting in a gradual weakening of grid stability. To address the above problems, an improved vector selection model predictive control strategy is proposed, with virtual synchronous generator technology to control the quasi‐Z‐source inverter. First, the influence of different operating states on the quasi‐Z‐source inverter state variables is analysed, and the established quasi‐Z‐source inverter‐virtual synchronous generator discrete‐time model predicts the input current, output capacitor voltage, and load current of the quasi‐Z‐source inverter network. Second, the inverter switching timing is analysed to establish the optimal switching vector set, and the optimal switching vector set is selected by defining the sub‐objective function, which reduces the average switching frequency of the system. Compared with the finite control set model predictive control, this strategy is to reduce the computation time of the system to obtain the optimal solution of the quasi‐Z‐source inverter, to improve the dynamic responsiveness of the system during the control process, and to improve the power quality. Finally, the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed algorithm are verified by experiments.
Electron and proton peak intensities as observed by a five-spacecraft fleet in solar cycle 25
Authors: Farwa G. U. , Dresing N. , Gieseler J. , Vuorinen L. , Richardson I. G. , Palmroos C. , Valkila S. , Heber B. , Jensen S. , Kühl P. , Rodríguez-García L. , Vainio R.
Published: December 2024

Context. Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are related to solar flares and fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In the case of large events, which are typically associated with both a strong flare and a fast CME driving a shock front, identification of the dominant SEP acceleration mechanism is challenging.

Aims. Using novel spacecraft observations of strong SEP events detected in solar cycle 25, we aim to identify the parent acceleration region of the observed electron and proton events.

Methods. We analysed 45 SEP events in November 2020 – May 2023 including > 25 MeV protons using data from multiple spacecraft, including Solar Orbiter, near-Earth spacecraft (SOHO and Wind), STEREO A, BepiColombo, and Parker Solar Probe. We used peak intensities of 25–40 MeV protons and ∼100 keV and 1 MeV electrons provided by the SERPENTINE multi-spacecraft SEP event catalogue, and studied the correlations between these peak intensities as well as with the intensity of a soft-X-ray flare associated with the SEP event. We also separated the events into those well connected and those poorly connected to the flare by the interplanetary magnetic field.

Results. We find significant correlations between electron and proton peak intensities. While events detected by poorly connected observers show a single population of events, consistent with the idea that these particles are all accelerated by a spatially extended CME-driven shock, events observed in well-connected regions show two populations. One of these populations presents higher proton peak intensities that correlate with electron peak intensities, similarly to the poorly connected events. The other population shows low proton intensities that are less well correlated with electron peak intensities. Based on our findings, we propose that the latter population is a mixture of flare- and shock-accelerated events.

Conclusions. Although this study focuses on relatively energetic SEP events including > 25 MeV protons often attributed to acceleration by CME-driven shocks, we find clear indications of a flare contribution to both electron and proton fluxes in those events originating in sectors magnetically well connected to the source region.
A comprehensive study of non-destructive localization of structural features in metal plates using single and multimodal Lamb wave excitations
Authors: Silitonga Dicky J. , Declercq Nico F. , Walaszek Henri , Vu Quang A. , Saidoun Abdelkrim , Samet Naim , Ndiaye Elhadji Barra , Thabourey Jérôme
Published: December 2024

Metal plate structures, crucial components in various industrial sectors, demand meticulous inspection methods for the maintenance of their structural integrity. This review article not only serves as a contemporary introduction to this research field but also underlines the vital role of this field in ensuring the safety and reliability of these structures. The study delves into Lamb wave generation and detection techniques, highlighting the challenges and advancements in transducer technologies. Two detailed case studies are presented to contextualize and illustrate the practical applications of these techniques. The first case study demonstrates the detection of weld joints and stiffeners in steel plates, particularly relevant to the shipbuilding industry. Through a combination of numerical simulations and experimental validations designed for this narrative, this study highlights the capability of the A0 Lamb wave mode in identifying these features. The second case study, equally supported by new experiments, focuses on detecting thickness reductions in aluminum plates using high-order Lamb modes in a multimodal excitation setup. This scenario simulates conditions such as corrosion or wear that induce material thinning. By creating blind holes of varying depths on one side of the plate and conducting inspections from the opposite side, the study demonstrates the method’s precision in identifying hidden defects. The case studies involving aluminum and steel specimens exemplify the efficacy of Lamb waves in the nondestructive evaluation of metal plates. They provide critical insights into the method’s ability to deliver precise and efficient detection of structural anomalies despite inherent challenges in signal interpretation and analysis.
Optimizing a 2D active set-up for global control of low-frequency wall reflections in a semi-anechoic room
Authors: Friot Emmanuel , Pinhède Cédric , Herzog Philippe , Boulandet Romain
Published: December 2024

Numerical simulations were carried out to optimize the design of an active semi-anechoic room. The active set-up includes control sources and microphones near the room ceiling and walls. The objective is to achieve global control, around an a priori unknown primary source, of the low-frequency wall reflections that are not adequately managed by absorbing material. The control strategy is based on the estimation, by linear filtering of total pressure signals, of the scattered pressure at minimization points meshing the room ceiling and walls. The required filters are identified off-line from measurements with a source whose radiation pattern is known. A 2D simple modal model is used to simulate active control in the frequency domain. The location of the minimization points, the set of estimation microphones and the method for computing the control signals from the measurements are varied. Simulations show that i) efficient global control of the scattered pressure can be achieved over a wide frequency band with a single non-smooth layer of minimization points, ii) accurate scattered pressure estimation at the minimization points can be achieved using usual pressure microphones distributed over all walls, iii) a Remote-Microphone technique seems slightly preferable to an Additional-Filter method for calculating the control signals.
Main achievements and impact of EURAD, the European Joint Programme on Radioactive Waste Management (2019–2024)
Authors: O’Neill Naïm , Carbol Paul , Grambow Bernd , Théodon Louise , Zuidema Piet
Published: December 2024

Co-funded by the European Commission, EURAD has operated for 5 years and has successfully achieved a step-change towards a more effective and efficient use of public funding in Europe by bringing the European waste management community together.

Its main achievements are rooted in its governance structure, fostering interaction and collaboration among Waste Management Organisations, Technical Safety Organisations and Research Entities. A key success factor was the development and update of the Strategic Research Agenda and Roadmap, which guided efforts, addressed emerging challenges and ensured alignment across Member States.

EURAD’s impact is highlighted by its comprehensive R&D framework, which covers the entire lifecycle of radioactive waste management. EURAD successfully advanced knowledge in various areas, including advanced waste treatment, geological disposal, and safety assessments. The programme also emphasised the importance of knowledge management, ensuring the transfer and preservation of expertise between waste management programmes and across generations through training, mobility, guidance and the publication of scientific resources, and making information more easily available.

EURAD not only strengthened collaboration among EU Member States but also fostered international partnerships, significantly contributing to the global advancement of radioactive waste management. As EURAD concludes, its legacy will continue with EURAD-2, set to begin in October 2024, further building on the foundations laid by its predecessor.
The Role of English Department Students in Fostering Maritime Environmental Awareness
Authors: HZ Natasya Fitri , Sandi Hana Permata , Prihastini Rossa Indriana , Nabila Salsa Diva
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to explore the role of English majoring students in fostering awareness of the maritime environment and to increase understanding and actions that support the conservation and preservation of the marine environment. This research is based on a literature review, where the researcher will use secondary data sources to search and find the latest research. The research is conducted in the form of a situation analysis, summary, and author's thoughts about several literature sources that exist and are processed to provide a comprehensive picture of the role and concern of English department students in raising cultural awareness in the sea environment, where in fact we often encounter a lack of awareness around the sea. The literature review in this research was conducted to learn how to conserve mangrove ecosystems. The outline that can be found is that community service activities carried out in Tanjungpinang city, Indonesia, succeeded in increasing public understanding and awareness about the importance of preserving coastal areas, especially mangrove ecosystems.
The Practicality of Cognitive Conflict Digital Module (CCDM) in Electrical Materials for Students
Authors: Dwi Saputro Sigit , Rohmah Naelur , Admoko Setyo
Published: December 2024

Electrical matari requires reasoning skills to accelerate the understanding of concepts. The conflict cognitive strategy has proven to be effective in helping to understand the concept. This study aims to test the practicality of the Conflict Cognitive Digital Module (CCDM) as a learning medium on electrical materials applied in desktop applications. This research method uses descriptive quantitative techniques. The subjects of this study are 23 students of the informatics education study program. The research instrument used a practicality questionnaire with 3 indicators of application performance, ease of use of the application, and application display. The analysis of the questionnaire results through categorization not practical (0%-20%), less practical (21%-40%), quite practical (41%-60%), practical (61%-80%), adan very practical (81%-100%). The results of the research on application CCDM were the performance of the CCDM application is obtained with a percentage of 86% which is included in the very practical category. The ease of use of the CCDM application is 87% included in the very practical category. And the CCDM application display 88% is included in the very practical category. All statements of practicality were obtained 86% which were included in the very practical category. Suggestions for improvements add more types of music, built to mobile for easy learning anywhere.
Uroperitoneum beim neugeborenen Fohlen
Authors: Bernick André , Wehrend Axel
Published: December 2024

Gegenstand und Ziel Das Uroperitoneum ist eine typische Erkrankung des
neugeborenen Fohlens, die selten, aber regelmäßig auftritt. Ziel der
vorliegenden Studie ist es, die klinische Symptomatik, labordiagnostische
Befunde und die Prognose bei betroffenen Fohlen darzustellen.

Material und Methoden Es wurden retrospektiv die Daten von 33 Fohlen mit
der Erkrankung Uroperitoneum im Zeitraum von 2006 bis Ende Juni 2018
ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse Das Uroperitoneum trat mit einer Häufigkeit von 2,3% bezogen
auf alle vorgestellten Fohlen bis zum 14. Lebenstag im Untersuchungszeitraum
auf. Es waren signifikant mehr Hengst- (78,8%) als Stutfohlen (21,2%) betroffen
(p=0,012). Typische Symptome waren ein gestörtes Allgemeinbefinden (79,3%),
Tachypnoe (74,1%), Tachykardie (71,4%), ein prall gefülltes Abdomen (79,2%),
eine stark aufgetrommelte (60%) bzw. gespannte (32%) Bauchdecke und Tenesmus
vesicae (46,7%). Das Durchschnittsalter zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose lag bei
4,3±3,4 Tagen (Median: 3 Tage, Spannweite:<1 bis 14 Tage). Es wurden 26
Fohlen operiert, von denen 16 (61,5%) gesund entlassen werden konnten. Häufige
labordiagnostische Befunde im venösen Blut zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose sind eine
Hypochloridämie (91,2%), eine erhöhte Kreatininkonzentration (77,8%),
Hyperkaliämie (74,2%) und Hyponatriämie (71%). Bei 6 Fohlen entwickelte sich ein
Rezidiv des Uroperitoneums. Fünf Fohlen wurden erneut operiert, 4
erfolgreich.

Es konnten 12 entlassene Fohlen mindestens 6 Monate nach der Operation verfolgt
werden (6 Monate bis 9 Jahre). 91,7% der Fohlen waren zu diesem Zeitpunkt am
Leben und keines der Tiere entwickelte eine Gesundheitsstörung, die auf die
Operation am Harntrakt zurückzuführen ist.

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Die kurzfristige Prognose des
Uroperitoneums ist gut, wenn die Erkrankung frühzeitig erkannt und therapiert
wird und keine bzw. wenige Begleiterkrankungen vorliegen. Zur rechtzeitigen
Erkennung eines Rezidivs sollte die Integrität der Blase postoperativ wiederholt
sonografisch überprüft werden. Die weitere langfristige Prognose ist sehr
gut.
Pulmonale Mycobacterium avium-Infektion bei 2
Hauskatzen
Authors: Gareis Hannah , Brühschwein Andreas , Schulz Bianka
Published: December 2024

Zwei Hauskatzen (Abessinier und Karthäuser) wurden mit chronischen
respiratorischen Symptomen in Form von Husten, Atemgeräuschen und Polypnoe
vorgestellt. Eine der Katzen zeigte zudem intermittierend Fieber. Die
röntgenologischen Untersuchungen des Brustraums zeigten hochgradige
Veränderungen mit überwiegend mikronodulären interstitiellen Lungenmustern,
teils mit Mineralisationen. Die Zytologie der Bronchoalveolarlavageflüssigkeit
(BALF) detektierte eine pyogranulomatöse Entzündung. Eine zytologische
Untersuchung auf säurefeste Bakterien sowie eine PCR auf Mykobakterien Spezies
aus der BALF waren bei beiden Katzen negativ. Eine Mykobakterien-Kultur
der BALF konnte jeweils eine Subspezies von Mycobacterium avium bei
beiden Katzen nachweisen. Während die klinischen Symptome, nicht aber die
röntgenologischen Befunde, bei einer Katze mit langanhaltender
doppelantibiotischer Therapie kontrolliert werden konnten, entwickelte die
andere Katze kurz nach Diagnosestellung eine septische Peritonitis und wurde
euthanasiert. Bei ungeklärten chronischen Atemwegserkrankungen bei Katzen sollte
eine Mykobakterieninfektion differentialdiagnostisch in Betracht gezogen werden.
Die Rasse des ersten Patienten geht mit der bekannten Prädisposition für
Abessinier konform.
A Case Report of Neuroleukemiosis Detected on FDG PET Scan in a Patient of Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia Post Bone Marrow Transplantation in Remission
Authors: Soundararajan Ramya , Yadav Archana , AVS Anil Kumar , Jangir Hemlata
Published: December 2024

Neuroleukemiosis, an exceedingly rare manifestation of leukemia, is defined as peripheral nerve infiltration by leukemic cells. The typical clinical presentation is with peripheral neuropathy and/or chloromatous masses. The diagnosis of this condition is quite challenging, as symptoms usually appear in patients during remission and there are no other signs of relapse. The diagnosis is supported with electrophysiologic testing and imaging and finally established with histopathology and immunophenotyping. We present a case of multineuritis in a patient with mixed phenotype acute leukemia during remission post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant, where inflamed thickened nerves were detected on positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose. A diagnosis of neuroleukemiosis was established via biopsy and immunophenotyping. The literature is reviewed regarding this interesting and rare clinical condition.
Flux quantization in granular superconducting microcylinders above the superconducting transition point
Authors: Khlus V. A. , Bogachek É. N. , Kulik I. O.
Published: December 2024

The fluctuation conductivity is calculated for a granular metal film deposited on a nonconducting cylinder. For appropriate values of the parameters of the model it is anisotropic, i.e., has different components along the cylinder axis (δ‖) and perpendicular to it (δ⊥). The longitudinal (ξ‖) and transverse (ξ⊥) coherence lengths differ accordingly. The longitudinal component of the conductivity oscillates as a function of the field, the amplitude of these oscillations being proportional to exp (− L/ξ⊥), where L is the perimeter of the cylinder cross section.
Conduction-electron focusing by an inhomogeneous magnetic field
Authors: Kolesnichenko Yu. A. , Peschanskiĭ V. G.
Published: December 2024

It is shown that transverse focusing of electrons by an inhomogeneous magnetic field enables much more detailed information to be obtained about the interaction of charge carriers with the surface of the conductor than is provided by homogeneous focusing. In particular, the angular dependence of the specularity parameters qii can be completely reproduced. The position of the focusing lines bears information about the dynamic properties of the conduction electrons. An analysis is made of the role of the electric field in electron focusing in anisotropic conductors.
Influence of electron–electron interaction on the Peierls structural transition
Authors: Rangelov I. M. , Stoyanova I. S.
Published: December 2024

The influence of the electron-hole interaction on the Peierls structural transition is taken into account in dielectric permittivity terminology. There is obtained that the electron–hole interaction can change the order of the phase transition from the second to the first, and reduce the transition temperature as the dielectric permittivity changes.
Cyclotron resonance linewidth of electrons above the surface of liquid helium
Authors: Tatarskii V. V. , Shikin V. B.
Published: December 2024

A definition is given for the linewidth τdc, which is convenient for calculations, of the cyclotron resonance of electrons localized above the surface of liquid helium. It is shown that the quantity τdc coincides with the relaxation time originating in the theory of static conductivity. The quantity τdc is compared with the hf time of relaxation τac.
The de Josephson effect and quantum interference in He3-A
Authors: Maznik S. M. , Kulik I. O. , Kharadze G. A.
Published: December 2024

The Josephson current (coherent flux of particles and spin) between two reservoirs containing superfluid He3-A is calculated within the framework of the tunnelling Hamiltonian. It is shown that upon rotation of an annular vessel with two orifices a phase increment develops, which is proportional to the angular velocity of the rotation, which velocity periodically modulates the critical liquid flow.
Characteristic properties of Cu–Fe alloys as spin glasses
Authors: Vedyaev A. V. , Cherenkov V. A.
Published: December 2024

The electrical resistivity and Hall effect of nontypical “spin glasses” namely copper–iron alloys, have been investigated in the temperature range 4.2−77.3 °K. Low-temperature maxima in the resistivity and the Hall emf have been observed, which is typical of a system with strong interimpurity interactions. The observed anomalies are explained within the framework of a modified “noise theory.”
Theory of electron paramagnetic resonance in dilute magnetic alloys at low temperatures
Authors: Fazleev N. G.
Published: December 2024

The method of the Zubarev nonequilibrium statistical operator and the self-consistent field approximation are used to obtain a system of kinetic equations for the longitudinal and transverse components of spin magnetization of localized moments and conduction electrons. These equations describe the dynamics of spin subsystems which are coupled by the s-d exchange interaction, under electron paramagnetic resonance in dilute magnetic alloys. The system of equations is valid at all temperatures, arbitrary spin S of the localized moments, and unequal g factors of the localized spins and conduction electrons. It is shown that at low temperatures (kT/ℏ< ωs, ω, where ωs and ω are the resonance and external frequencies, respectively) the kinetic equations describe the relaxation of each of the spin magnetizations to their equilibrium value in an external instantaneous local field. In the low-temperature regime of the electron paramagnetic resonance we study the field, frequency, and temperature dependences of the kinetics coefficients which play the roles of the rates of longitudinal and transverse relaxation, and of the shift of resonance frequencies caused by the s-d exchange. It is shown that the detail balance condition holds even at low temperatures. Using the expression for the total dynamic transverse susceptibility of the system we study the resonant paramagnetic absorption of electromagnetic energy by the spin subsystems of localized moments and conduction electrons in the low-temperature regime.
Hysteresis in dislocation internal friction at low temperatures in lead with various impurities
Authors: Pal’-Val’ L N. , Platkov V. Ya.
Published: December 2024

A study has been made of the hysteresis in the low-temperature dislocation amplitude-dependent internal friction in lead single crystals containing one of the minor components Tl, Sn, Bi, Cd, and Sb. Hysteresis occurs in the superconducting state and is virtually absent in the normal state. The size of the hysteresis loop is dependent to a considerable extent on the type of impurity. The hysteresis is due to change in the length LN of the dislocation loops. Under given conditions, LN varies more markedly in crystals in which the impurity has a low binding energy to the dislocations. The impurity atoms are responsible for strong pinning centers as well as weak ones. There is also a discussion of the reasons for the change in the number of strong centers when high-amplitude ultrasonic pulses act on the dislocation structure.
A low-temperature anomaly in the thermal expansion of solid N2 with O2 impurity
Authors: Ezhovski A. , Freiman Yu. A. , Tolkachev A. M. , Azarenkov V. P. , Manzhelii V. G. , Kosobutskaya E. A.
Published: December 2024

An anomaly has been observed in the thermal expansion of the N2–O2 solid solution. The maximum of the anomaly lies in 2.5 °K region, and its relative magnitude for a 1.4% O2 concentration attains a value of 30%. The effect is due to the spin degrees of freedom of the oxygen molecules, but in contrast to the specific heat, only the clusters of exchange-bound molecules contribute to the anomaly.
On the question of magnon generation in antiferromagnets under conditions of intense optical pumping
Authors: Dokashenko V. P. , Matyushkin É. V.
Published: December 2024

It is established that quasiparticle generation does not occur in a system of excitons parametrically excited by means of optical pumping at intensities of up to 100 mW/cm2. Causes of the disagreement between the experimental and theoretical values for the threshold intensity are discussed.
Composite fuel cell harnesses diabetic urine to power portable medical devices
Authors: Lim Alane
Published: December 2024

Zinc oxide/nickel catalyst may make a commonly found fuel source much more accessible.