bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Modifikasi Metode Playfair Cipher Dalam Pengamanan Data Teks
Authors: Susanti Dian
Published: April 2021

Dunia berkembang kian cepat seiring majunya teknologi informasi. Komunikasi kini menjadi tidak terbatas. Dengan banyaknya kemudahan untuk melakukan pengaksesan informasi, adakalanya diperlukan pengamanan informasi tersebut. Pengamanan ini berfungsi menangani pencegahan atas sampainya informasi ke tangan yang tidak berhak yang dapat menimbulkan kerugian bagi pemilik informasi. Metode Playfair Cipher merupakan salah satu metode yang digolongkan dalam kriptografi klasik yang proses enkripsinya menggunakan pemrosesan dalam bentuk blok-blok yang sangat besar. Metode Playfair Cipher menggunakan pembentukan tabel berdasarkan kunci yang diketahui. Penulis melakukan modifikasi metode Playfair Cipher menggunakan tabel 8x8 ini mempersulit pemecahan analisis digram dan frekuensi analisis karena semakin acak isi tabel akan menghasilkan ciphertext yang acak. Hasil pengujian ini yaitu pada aplikasi ini memberi dua layanan keamanan data saja yaitu Confidentiality dan Authentication, penggunaan kunci Metode Playfair Cipher jika penggunaan kunci yang digunakan panjangnya lebih pendek maka semakin cepat juga waktu enkripsi dan dekripsinya dan terdapat karakter tambahan yaitu karakter Space
Formation of interethnic tolerance of yuth
Authors: Yaroshenko Vira , Nedbai Vycheslav , Sukhorukova Anna
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of formation of interethnic tolerance in young people under the influence of socio-psychological factors of modern society. Modern scientific approaches to the study of tolerance as a socio-psychological phenomenon are considered. Interethnic tolerance as a factor of conflict-free existence in society is
a necessary and sufficient condition for the formation of social unity, mature social consciousness, the principles of nonviolent solution of social problems and a balanced approach to creating social reality.
Tolerance at the individual level is the ability to perceive without aggression thoughts that differ from their own, as well as – the behavior and lifestyle of others. Tolerance of other people's way of life, behavior, customs, feelings, ideas, beliefs is a condition for the stability and unity of societies, especially those that are not homogeneous in religious, ethnic or other social dimensions.
The existence of such a phenomenon as ethnic stereotype is fully explained by the desire of human consciousness to facilitate understanding of society, to simplify the perception of knowledge about social reality. In order to determine the impact of ethnic stereotypes on the culture of interethnic interaction in modern multinational society, it is necessary to first formulate their role in society. Ethnic stereotypes are primarily cultural formations that are natural and exist as long as there are peoples and ethnic communities. First of all, it should be noted that ethnic stereotype as a regulatory
element of ethnic identity performs three important functions: cognitive, communicative and the function of protecting a positive ethnic identity.
A significant contribution to the formation of ethnic tolerance in Ukrainian society belongs to civil society institutions. It is the institutionalization of democratic citizenship that is manifested in the active conscious participation of activists of public organizations in identifying ethnic stereotypes and promoting ethnic tolerance.
Since tolerance is based on acceptance, respect and fair understanding of the diversity of ethnic groups and peoples, forms of expression and manifestations of individuality and uniqueness of each person, this should be facilitated by knowledge, communication, lack of censorship, freedom of belief and conscience.
Antimicrobial Sensitivity Trend in Blood Culture Positive Enteric Fever
Authors: Joshi Rajesh Dhoj , Khadka Sachin , Joshi Deepak Man , Shrestha Basudha , Dangal Ganesh , Acharya Kiran Prasad , Shrestha Sanjit , Dongol Yashad
Published: April 2021

Background: For diagnosis of enteric fever, the culture of the organism from different body fluids is the gold standard. After diagnosis, it is important to treat with the right antibiotic before any complications can occur. The retrospective study is designed to explore the antibiotic sensitivity trend in blood culture positive typhoid fever cases and the extent of drug resistance before treatment is administered.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out for culture isolated enteric fever patients admitted in Kathmandu Model Hospital. The discharged records from January 2012 to December 2016 were analyzed. The patients above 15 years and with culture isolated enteric fever were included in the study.Results: One hundred fifty-nine strains of Salmonella typhi and paratyphi were isolated from Jan 2012 to Dec 2016 at Kathmandu Model Hospital. Out of 159 isolated, 125 (78.6%) were Salmonella typhi and 34 (21.4%) were paratyphi. Among them co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefixime, and ofloxacin demonstrated 100% sensitivity. Similarly, amoxicillin sensitivity was 98.1% (n=156) while ciprofloxacin was sensitive in 6.3% (n=10), intermediately sensitive in 49.1% (n=78) and resistance in 44.7% (n=71).The newer quinolone levofloxacin showed 78.5% (n=11) sensitivity. Azithromycin was sensitive in 99.2% (n=132) of total isolated Salmonella species both typhi and paratyphi. Conclusions: A high degree of sensitivity was noted to chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole, showing sensitivity has returned to conventional antibiotics. The drug-like ofloxacin is still the best responding drug in our contest whereas ciprofloxacin resistance is still high, but five years patterns show a trend of rollback of sensitivity. Keywords: Cephalosporin; enteric fever; sensitivity.
Surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia annual report, 2019
Authors: Dey Aditi , Wang Han , Quinn Helen , Pillsbury Alexis , Glover Catherine , Hickie Megan , Wood Nicholas , Beard Frank , Macartney Kristine
Published: April 2021

This report summarises Australian spontaneous surveillance data for adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) for 2019 reported to the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and describes reporting trends over the 20-year period from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2019. There were 3,782 AEFI records for vaccines administered in 2019, an annual AEFI reporting rate of 14.9 per 100,000 population. There was an 11.8% decrease in the overall AEFI reporting rate in 2019 compared to 2018 (16.9 per 100,000 population). This decrease in the AEFI reporting rate in 2019 was mainly attributable to a decline in reported adverse events related to the human papillomavirus (HPV), dTpa, meningococcal ACWY and seasonal influenza vaccines. AEFI reporting rates for most individual vaccines in 2019 were similar to 2018. The most commonly-reported adverse events were injection site reaction (35.8%), rash (16.6%), pyrexia (15.3%), vomiting (8.1%), urticaria (5.8%), pain (5.8%) and headache (5.7%). There were five deaths reported to the TGA. In one report, the timing and clinical findings were consistent with a causal association with vaccination. In the remaining four reports, no clear causal relationship with vaccination was found.
Avaliação da qualidade do plantio semimecanizado de cana-de-açúcar com controle estatístico de processo
Authors: Lemes Luíla Macêdo , Compagnon Ariel Muncio , Pereira Filho Walter José , Franco Felipe José Barbosa , Freitas Karoline Raíssa de Souza , Cintra Pedro Henrique Martins
Published: April 2021

As operações de plantio de cana-de-açúcar são as que demandam maiores cuidados, pois os erros cometidos nesse momento causam prejuízos por todos os ciclos da lavoura. Portanto, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade do plantio semimecanizado de cana-de-açúcar por meio da sulcação realizada por 2 tratores e 2 variedades de cana-de-açúcar, utilizando o Controle Estatístico de Processo (CEP). O estudo foi desenvolvido na área experimental em parceria do IF Goiano - Campus Ceres com a Usina CRV. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 4 tratamentos, compostos por 2 variedades de cana-de-açúcar e 2 tratores com implemento sulcador de duas linhas equipados com piloto automático, sendo 15 repetições por tratamento. As variáveis analisadas foram: profundidade e largura de sulco, paralelismo entre sulcos, altura de cobrição, número e comprimento dos rebolos, gemas totais, viáveis e inviáveis, número de perfilhos, falhas de brotação, altura de plantas e o diâmetro do colmo. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e à análise de variância pelo controle estatístico de processo. Para as variáveis relacionadas a sulcação, o trator frota 42 obteve melhores resultados. Quanto às variedades, a SP80-1816 se sobressaiu, juntamente com o trator frota 41 sulco esquerdo para as variáveis voltadas a distribuição, cobrição e índices agronômicos. A variabilidade das variáveis foi alta, sendo recomendado que a usina tenha melhor controle para que o plantio tenha melhor qualidade final.
A prática colaborativa na formação em saúde: Relato de experiência do PET saúde Interprofissionalidade
Authors: Mangueira Suzana de Oliveira , Macedo Érika Michelle Correia de , Albuquerque Vera Lúcia Rodrigues de , Pereira Mônica Cabral , Nascimento Emanuelly Carollyne Lopes , Freitas Maria Angélica Álvares de , Souza Gledson Wilber de , Pinheiro Ana Luiza Lacerda de Souza , Tardieux Felipe Maia , Silva Joanna Beatriz de Oliveira , Medeiros Júnior Luciano da Silva , Barbosa Danielly Alves Mendes , Santos Caroline Silva dos
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de um grupo de aprendizagem tutorial do PET Saúde Interprofissionalidade, com vistas à promoção da prática colaborativa na formação em saúde. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência de um grupo de aprendizagem tutorial do projeto PET Saúde Interprofissionalidade em um município do estado de Pernambuco. A equipe conta com tutores docentes, preceptores profissionais do serviço e estudantes de graduação e residência, contemplando os seguintes cursos: educação física, enfermagem, nutrição, psicologia, saúde coletiva e serviço social. São realizadas reuniões semanais para aprofundamento teórico, elaboração de material educativo e discussão de casos complexos, bem como visitas domiciliares às famílias em acompanhamento. Resultados: No ano de 2020, realizou-se o acompanhamento sistemático de famílias com problemas principais de obesidade e sofrimento psíquico. A cada semana, as visitas domiciliares eram realizadas por um subgrupo de preceptores e discentes, para avaliar e intervir junto às famílias. Os casos eram discutidos nas reuniões, nas quais eram elaboradas as propostas de intervenção em conjunto, por meio da prática colaborativa. Conclusão: Observou-se que o projeto promoveu a integração do ensino-serviço-comunidade, proporcionou aos estudantes a experiência da prática colaborativa interprofissional na sua formação, bem como um atendimento individualizado e de qualidade às famílias assistidas.
Análise microbiológica comparativa de queijo coalho comercializado em supermercados e feiras livres na Cidade de Maceió – Alagoas
Authors: Munhoz Isabela Gomes Alves , Alcântara Vitor de Faria , Mergulhão Bruna de Carvalho Resende , Pereira Wilson Aurélio Moreira Bastos , Barros Yáskara Veruska Ribeiro , Almeida Renata Chequeller de
Published: April 2021

O queijo de coalho produzido na região Nordeste do estado é popularmente conhecido no Brasil, sendo apreciado e consumido pela população local. Apesar de representar um segmento de importância econômica local, a maior parte de sua produção é ainda realizada de maneira artesanal, sem o uso de tecnologia apropriada. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade microbiológica do queijo coalho comercializado em supermercados e feiras livres no município de Maceió – AL, com o intuito de comparar as condições higiênico sanitárias encontradas entre as amostras. Foram analisadas 24 amostras de queijo de coalho quanto a ocorrência de coliformes totais, Staphylococcus coagulase positivo e pesquisa de Salmonella sp. Os resultados sugerem uma maior contaminação por coliformes totais e presença de Salmonella sp em amostras artesanais. Com relação a contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, foi evidenciado maior número de amostras com valores positivos para aquelas comercializadas em supermercados. Conclui-se que as amostras de queijo coalho analisadas não se encontram dentro dos padrões de qualidade microbiológica exigidos, indicando possíveis falhas na produção, transporte, armazenamento e comercialização, representando risco a saúde.
Efeito da suplementação com berberina nas dislipidemias em humanos: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Cavalheiro Débora Martins , Silva Keylla de Araújo , Cardoso Bruna Emanuele Pereira , Dias Thaline Milany da Silva , Moura Alana Rafaela da Silva , Melo Stéfany Rodrigues de Sousa , Rios Maiara Jaianne Bezerra Leal , Morais Jennifer Beatriz Silva
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: descrever em uma revisão sistemática, os desfechos de ensaios clínicos relativos à suplementação com berberina e dislipidemias em humanos. Metodologia: A pesquisa dos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane e Lilacs. A estratégia PICO (patient, intervention, comparison and outcomes) foi utilizada para a definição da pergunta norteadora desta revisão. Foram utilizados os termos “Coptis chinensis OR Berberine” AND “Dyslipidemia OR Dyslipoproteinemias” para o levantamento bibliográfico. Foram incluídos nessa revisão sistemática ensaios clínicos randomizado, duplo cego, placebo controlados, publicados em inglês, sem limite de ano de publicação, que avaliaram o efeito da suplementação com berberina sobre a influência nos perfis lipídicos em humanos com dislipidemia, sem restrição de gênero, idade e etnia. Resultados: Após o processo de triagem, remoção de artigos duplicados e análises dos critérios de inclusão, 10 artigos foram identificados como elegíveis para esta revisão sistemática. Discussão: a maioria dos ensaios clínicos incluídos encontraram redução dos níveis de colesterol total, triglicérides e LDL. Os desfechos de todos os estudos foram similares, indicando que a berberina e seus respectivos compostos bioativos, apresentam potencial no tratamento de dislipidemias. Conclusão: Os resultados desta revisão sistemática fornecem evidencias dos benefícios da suplementação da berberina sobre o perfil lipídico, colesterol total, triglicérides e a redução dos níveis de LDL em indivíduos dislipidêmicos. No entanto, novos estudos de intervenção são necessários para extrapolar os resultados desse estudo em diferentes populações, bem como padronizar doses do extrato da berberina para suplementação.
Biyoçeşitlilik Gölge Fiyatının Doğal Kaynak Yönetiminde Kullanımı Üzerine: Uludağ Milli Parkı Örneği
Authors: GÜRLÜK Serkan
Published: April 2021

Biyolojik çeşitlilik, insanoğluna kullanım ve kullanım dışı pek çok değer sağlamasına rağmen ekonomik sistemde bu hizmetlerin değerleri dikkate alınmadığı için yok oluşlarına şahit olmaktayız. Eczacılık hammaddesi sağlama değeri, tarımsal germaplazma destek değeri, ekoturizm değeri ve ekosistem değeri gibi değerler aslında ekonomik hayatın işleyişinde önemli rolleri olan hizmetlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, biyolojik çeşitliliğin dağ-orman ekosistemlerindeki değerini ortaya koymak ve doğal kaynak yönetimindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Bursa Uludağ Milli Parkı’nın (UMP) doğal kaynak değerlerinden biri olan biyolojik çeşitliliğin değeri, optimal orman rotasyonunu hesaplama sürecine dahil edilerek, biyolojik çeşitlilik değerinin dikkate alınmadığı durumdaki Faustmann yaklaşımı ile biyolojik çeşitlilik değerinin dikkate alındığı Hartman yaklaşımları karşılaştırılmıştır. UMP’nin Faustmann yaklaşımıyla hesaplanmış temel modelde yaklaşık 44 yıllık rotasyona sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. UMP, 44. yılda 956 USD Ha-1 net bugünkü değere ulaşmaktadır. UMP’nin gerçek alanı ile değerlendirildiğinde, en yüksek bugünkü değeri, 12.2 milyon USD olarak hesaplanmıştır. UMP’nin biyolojik çeşitlilik akış değerinin dikkate alındığı Hartman rotasyonunda 44 yıl olan önceki rotasyon süresinin, 53 yıla yükseldiği gözlemlenmiştir. Hartman rotasyonunda 53. Yılda 5.294 USD Ha-1 bugünkü değerine ulaşılmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, UMP’nin toplam alanına genelleştirildiğinde aslında biyolojik çeşitliliğin ne kadar değerli bir ekosistem hizmeti sağladığı ortaya konulmuştur. Rotasyon başlangıcındaki biyolojik çeşitlilik değeri (gölge fiyatlarla hesaplanan) yeterli büyüklükte ise optimum rotasyon süresinin sonsuza uzaması muhtemeldir. Bu durumda söz konusu doğal kaynağın ekolojik olarak çok hassas doğal kaynaklardan biri olduğu ve kamusal tahsis kararlarında çok dikkatli olunması gerektiği anlaşılır. Ülkemizde hassas ekosistemlerin bulunduğu alanlar net bir şekilde belirlenmeli ve bu tür alanların yönetimi için pek çok ilgi grubunun yer aldığı danışma kurulları oluşturulmalıdır. Çalışmada kullanılan ‘etki transferi’ ve karbon sekurizasyonu ile eşleştirilen ‘birincil üretim ağı’ yöntemlerinin de kullanımıyla belirlenen biyolojik çeşitlilik akış değeri, Faustmann ve Hartman orman rotasyonu belirleme yaklaşımları ile ilgili kıymet takdiri literatürüne katkıda bulunmaktadır.
Kurak ve Yarı Kurak Bölgelerde Tuzlu ve Sığ Yeraltı Sularından Etkilenen Meralarda Bazı Yem Bitkilerinin Performansları
Authors: BAHÇECİ Barış , TARI Ali Fuat , BAHCECİ İdris
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada İç Anadolu'nun yüksek su tablasına sahip tuzlu topraklarında doğal koşullarda yetiştirilen 4 yem bitkisi ile 2 yıl boyunca bir saha denemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneyde kullanılan yem bitkileri (A) Agropyron elongatum, (B) Festuca elatior (C), Puccinellia distans (D), Lotus strictus ve bunların üçlü karışımlarıdır. Toprakların kireç içeriği yüksek ve aşırı tuzlu, alt katmanlarda tuz içeriği düşük olup, toprakların sodyum sorunu yoktur. Sulamaların yapıldığı yeraltı suyunun tuz konsantrasyonu 3.10-2.95 dS m-1 arasında değişirken, toprak tuzluluğu yetişme mevsiminde artmış, kış döneminde ise azalmıştır. Su tablası seviyesi ise, kış döneminde yükselirken yaz döneminde düşmüştür. Denemenin ilk yılında en yüksek yaş ot verimi 9.766,0 ton ha-1 ile A. elongatum, ikinci yıl ise 14.265,0 ton ha-1 ile L.Strictus parsellerinden elde edilmiştir. Kuru ot verimlerinde de aynı şekilde bu iki çeşit ilk sırayı almıştır. İki yıllık ortalama yaş ot verimleri göz önüne alınınca hektara 9.141,0 ton ot verimi ile L.Strictus ilk sırayı alırken, A.elongatum 7.448,0 ton ile ikinci sırayı almıştır. Kuru ot verimlerine göre A.elongatum 2.943,0 ton ile ilk sırada, L.Strictus 2.349,0 ton ile ikinci sırada yer almıştır. Çeşitlerin yaş ve kuru ot verimleri arasında her iki deneme yılında da istatistiksel anlamda önemli (P<0.01) fark bulunmuştur. Kuru ot verimleri ile yapılan Duncan testi sonuçlarına göre; ilk yıl A.elongatum 1. grubu, diğer konular ikinci grubu oluşturmuştur. İkinci yıl L.strictus tek başına birinci (a), A+B+D ve B+C+D karışımları ikinci (b), A. Elengatum ve (A+B+D) karışımı üçüncü (bc) ve F.elatior ve P. distans dördüncü (c) grubu oluşturmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, kurak ve yarı kurak bölgelerde tuzlu taban suyunun etkisi altındaki çayır-mera alanlarında, topraklar ıslah edilene kadar geçecek süre içinde, bu toprakları değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılacak ilk işlemlerden birinin, yöre koşullarına uygun yem bitki türü ve karışımlarıyla yapay mera oluşturmanın önemli yararları olacağını göstermiştir. Tesis edilen meraların en az üç kez sulanması halinde, mera tesisinde A. elongatum, P. distans ve L.Strictus karışımı yöre için iyi bir yapay mera karışımı olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Karışımdaki baklagil türlerinin, tohumla kendini yenileme yeteneği nedeniyle, yapay merada verimliliğin sürdürülebilirliği açısından göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır
Lipoprotein lipase activity determined in vivo is lower in carriers of apolipoprotein A-V gene variants 19W and -1131C
Authors: Kovář J , Adámková V
Published: April 2021

The apolipoprotein A-V (apo A-V) plays an important role in
regulation of triglyceride (TG) concentration in serum. To better
understand how apo A-V affects triglyceridemia and
glucoregulation, the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity was
determined using intravenous fat tolerance test (IVFTT) and oral
glucose tolerance test (oGTT) was performed in carriers of
apolipoprotein A-V gene (APOAV) variants known to be
associated with increased triglyceridemia. Twelve carriers of 19W
variant, 16 carriers of -1131C variant, 1 combined heterozygote
and 16 control subjects homozygous for wild type variants (19S/-
1131T) were selected from a population sample and matched
with respect to body mass index and age. The APOAV variants
carriers had increased TG, very low density lipoprotein-TG, and
apo B concentrations (p < 0.05). The LPL activity evaluated as k2
rate constant for clearance of Intralipid® was 14 % lower in
APOAV variants carriers. The depression of nonesterified fatty
acids (NEFA) concentration after glucose load was delayed in
APOAV variants carriers in spite of the same insulinemia and
glycemia. Our results suggest that variants of APOAV combined
with increased triglyceridemia are associated with lower LPL
activity in vivo and with disturbances of regulation of NEFA
concentration after glucose load.
Evidences of apoptosis during the early phases of soleus muscle atrophy in hindlimb suspended mice
Authors: Ferreira R , Neuparth MJ , Vitorino R , Appell HJ , Amado F , Duarte JA
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence and
time-course of apoptosis in soleus skeletal muscle during the first
48 hours of unloading. Fifty Charles River mice were randomly
divided into five groups (n=10 each) according to the time of
hindlimb suspension (HS). Mice were suspended for 0 (Control), 6
(6HS), 12 (12HS), 24 (24HS), and 48 hours (48HS). Soleus muscle
atrophy was confirmed by a significant decrease of 20 % in
muscle-wet weight and of 5 % in the ratio protein
concentration/muscle wet-weight observed after 48 hours of
unloading. The apoptotic index, the AIF (apoptosis-inducing factor)
and p53 expression presented their uppermost value (304 %, 241
% and 246 %, respectively) at 24HS, and were preceded by the
highest activity of caspase-3 and -8 at 12HS (170 % and 218 %,
respectively) and of Bax/Bcl-2 content at 6HS (160 %). There were
no marked ultrastructural alterations until 24 hours of simulated
weightlessness. Lysosomal autophagic activity and infiltration of
phagocytic cells were observed at 24HS and 48HS and might have
contributed to the degenerative changes noticed in both groups.
Though not consistently supported by morphological evidences, the
biochemical parameters sustain the concept that the occurrence of
apoptosis parallels the soleus atrophic response in its early phase.
Family history of diabetes mellitus determines insulin sensitivity and ß cell function in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Vrbíková J , Grimmichová T , Dvořáková K , Hill M , Stanická S , Vondra K
Published: April 2021

Objective: To examine the impact of family history of diabetes
mellitus 2 (DM 2) on insulin sensitivity and secretion in lean
women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Thirteen healthy
women (C), 14 PCOS without family history of DM 2 (FH-) and
8 PCOS with family history of DM 2 (FH+) were examined using
euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp and an arginine secretion test
(insulin and glucagon at fasting glycemia (AIRFG and AGRFG) and
at hyperglycemia (AIR14 and AGR14)). FH+ women were more
insulin resistant than FH- with lower insulin sensitivity index
corrected per lean body mass (p<0.05). They had significantly
higher triglycerides (p<0.05) and lower HDL-cholesterol (p<0.05)
than C or FH- women. Concerning insulin secretion, AIRFG was
increased in FH+ women comparing FH- women (p<0.05).
Disposition indices derived from AIRFG or AIR14 and insulin
sensitivity index did not differ between FH+ or FH-. Thus, women
with PCOS with the concomitant family history of DM 2 have
lower insulin sensitivity than healthy control women. Insulin
resistance observed in these women with PCOS is compensated
by increased insulin secretion.
REPRESENTASI MASKULINITAS MODERN LAKI-LAKI JEPANG DALAM FILM PERFECT WORLD BERDASARKAN SEMIOTIKA BARTHES
Authors: Noviana Fajria
Published: April 2021

Abstract: This paper aims to provide an overview of the concept of masculinity in Japanese society today which is represented by the main character in “Perfect World” film. The concept of masculinity here is limited to the masculinity of the male main character with a disability, considering that people with disabilities are often seen and treated as second-class citizens by the surrounding community. The method used is the semiotic method of Barthes, because it not only provides an interpretation of a sign into language, but also sees signs from the ideological side of a culture. Furthermore, Chafetz's concept of masculinity is also used as a reference for assessing the masculinity of the main character. As a result, it was found that a man with disability can still be said to be masculine, whether in traditional or modern concepts. In addition, it can be said that the impermanence of the concept of masculinity is greatly influenced by time and the supporting society in which the concept was born. Men with disabilities can still be said to be masculine, as long as most of his masculinity assessment points are still fulfilled. On the other hand, a man without physical limitations can be said to be non-masculine if he cannot meet his masculinity assessment points.Keywords: gender, semiotics, masculinity, difabel, Barthes
Judicial Challenges Facing the Islamic Finance Industry of Nigeria
Authors: Mustapha Zakariya , Kunhibava Sherin , Muneeza Aishath
Published: April 2021

A fundamental requirement of Islamic financial practice, Shariah-compliance covers all aspects of the transaction from contractual agreements to execution to dispute resolution. Thus a sound judicial system with in-built Shariah-compliance mechanisms is indispensable to facilitate the execution of such contracts and to ensure the sustainability of the practice. In Nigeria, this system is still under development with the judiciary the most readily available option for dispute resolution. However, comprised merely of civil courts with jurisdiction to hear Islamic finance cases, these mechanisms subject the industry to possible legal and Shariah-compliance risks. Having conducted a series of interviews with experts, this study recommends: constitutional and legislative reform to grant jurisdiction to existing civil courts; the Financial Regulations Advisory Committee of Experts (FRACE) should be statutorily entitled to offer binding advice to courts; the practice itself should be enshrined in appropriate legislation; and there should be curricular reform to ensure judges and lawyers are adequately trained/educated in the particulars of Islamic finance.
Self-Determination and the Southern Cameroons’ Quest for Sovereign Statehood
Authors: Ngang Carol Chi
Published: April 2021

In this article, I provide a historical narrative and legal analysis of the Southern Cameroons’ quest for sovereign statehood on the basis of the right to self-determination under international law, which grants entitlement to political independence and to socio-economic and cultural development. This account is motivated by the manner in which the question of self-determination for the Southern Cameroons has been dealt with since the times of decolonisation, resulting in yet another bloody conflict on the African continent. Contrary to the global commitment to secure universal peace and security and the adherence by member states of the African Union to human rights and a peaceful and secure Africa, the escalating conflict in the Southern Cameroons not only challenges these aspirations but has also generated a humanitarian emergency of enormous proportions. Because self-determination is guaranteed to apply unconditionally within the context of decolonisation, I post two important questions. First, why was the Southern Cameroons deprived of the right to sovereign statehood when other trust territories gained independence? Second, is the Southern Cameroons still entitled to assert sovereignty on the basis of the inalienable right to self-determination? In responding to these questions, I explain how self-determination for the Southern Cameroons was compromised and further provide justification for the legitimate quest to sovereign statehood.
Sosyal Politika Kapsamında Kamu Kuruluşları Tarafından Bir Dezavantajlı Grup Olarak Engellilere Yönelik Verilen Hizmetlerin Etkinliği: Isparta İli Örneği
Authors: IŞIK Murşit , DEMİROK Kübra
Published: April 2021

Sosyal devlet ve sosyal adalet gibi birçok ilkeler ışığında hareket ettiği düşünülen bir bilim olarak karşımıza çıkan sosyal politikanın önemli konularından biri dezavantajlı gruplardır. Bu grup içerisinde yer alan “engelliler” ortak yaşam alanlarında devletin de desteğiyle diğer insanlar gibi, kendilerini diğer insanlardan farklı görmeden engellerini hissetmeden ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmek hakkına sahiptirler. Bu amaçla devletler bu gruplara yönelik birçok hizmetler vermekte ve vermeye de devam etmektedir. Araştırmanın amacı Isparta İlindeki engelli bireylerin kamu kurumları tarafından sağlık, ulaşım, şehircilik, güvenlik, toplumsal ilişki, kamudan beklentiler, istihdam alanlarında yapılan hizmetlere bakış açısı ve bu hizmetlerden duyulan memnuniyeti ölçmeye çalışmaktır. Bu amaçla Isparta İlinde ikamet eden engelli bireylere anket formları dağıtılmış engelli bireylerin cinsiyet, yaş grubu, medeni durum, çalışma durumları, gelir durumları, çalıştığı sektör, sosyal güvence, eğitim, engel türü ve engel oranına göre verilen kamu hizmetlerine yönelik algıları arasında farklılık olup olmadığı araştırılmış ve yapılan analizler sonucunda anlamlı farklılıklara rastlanmıştır. Sadece cinsiyet, medeni durum ve engel oranında analizler sonucunda anlamlı bir farklılığa rastlanmamıştır. Araştırma ile yerel yönetimlerin kolaylaştırıcı hizmetler sunması karşılığında özürlü istihdam oranlarını artırabilecekleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İşyerlerinin fiziksel imkânlarının uygun olması karşılığında, özürlülerin verimli bir şekilde çalışacaklarını içeren beyanları yüksek bir ortalamaya sahiptir.
Beliefs and Attitude towards Political Advertising During Malaysia's GE14 Political Tsunami
Authors: Wee-Ming Lau  , László Józsa  , Yoong-Wai Chan  , Yee-Ling Fong  , Hiram Ting  , Kim-Lim Tan
Published: April 2021

The recent General Election in Malaysia has seen the opposition alliance form the government for the first time in its history. The tsunami that changed the country's political landscape has largely been attributed to the participation of young voters and the effect of political advertising transmitted through social media. Drawing upon the theory of reasoned action, the study tests the scale of beliefs about political advertising in relation to attitude towards political advertising among young voters. While the first phase of the study validated the belief components, the second phase tested and confirmed the effect of the belief components on attitude. As a result, three belief components of political advertising were extracted, including core values, actual values,andexternal values. The findings indicated that young Malaysian voters hold unfavourablebeliefs aboutpolitical advertising. Moreover, the beliefs about advertising’s core and external values have a direct effect on attitude towards political advertising. Given young voters use social media for nearly every aspect of their lives, the findings underscore the importance of understanding the potential effect of negative political advertising and its external elements during election campaigns.
Customer Loyalty on Halal Meat Product: A Case Study of Indonesian Logistics Performance Perspective
Authors: Ilyas Masudin  , Faradilla Witha Fernanda  , Fien Zulfikarijah  , Dian Palupi Restuputri
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this article is to determine the influence of halal supplier’s service quality, halal logistic performance, perceived service value and customer satisfaction to customer’s loyalty on halal meat products at non-moslem areas. This paper uses quantitative method that is done by collecting data from 90 respondents and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to determine the correlation between variables. The study found a significant influence occurs on the relationship halal supplier’s service quality to halal logistic performance, halal supplier’s service quality to perceived service value, halal logistic performance to customer satisfaction, perceived service value to customer satisfaction, and customer satisfaction to customer loyalty. The insignificant influence happened at halal supplier’s service quality to customer satisfaction relation. This study contributes to the halal logistic topics that are still rarely studied, especially by taking the place of research in Indonesia which is a majority area of Muslims and also has some non-Muslim majority areas. The study focused on the comparative influence of halal logistics performance on consumer loyalty of raw and processed meat products for Muslims in Indonesian non-muslim majority area.The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between the quality of halal supplier services and halal logistics performance, the quality of halal supplier services with perceived service value. In addition,it also found the effect of halal logistics performance on customer satisfaction, perceived value of service to customer satisfaction, and customer satisfaction with customer loyalty. Furthermore, there is a significant effect on the quality of halal supplier services on customer satisfaction relationships.
Halal Tourism: Lessons for Destination Managers of Non-Muslim Majority Countries
Authors: Nik Ramli Nik Abdul Rashid  , Chutima Wangbenmad  , Kamarul Ariffin Mansor
Published: April 2021

Muslim tourists spending are expected to grow significantly and could represent more than 13% of global tourism expenditure by the year 2020. The growth of younger and educated Muslims with larger disposable income has also further increase their propensity to travel abroad. This study explores the influence of perceived destination attributes on Muslim tourist satisfaction and eventual destination loyalty. The population of the study were Muslim travellers intercepted at the Penang International Airport. A purposive sampling procedure was applied and data collection was through self administered questionnaire. A structural equation modelling approach (using SmartPLS 3.0 software) was employed for data analysisand testing of the research model. The results of the analysis were critically discussed and suggestions were proposed, for practical and empirical purpose.
Daily New Covid-19 Cases, the Movement Control Order, and Malaysian Stock Market Returns
Authors: Ricky Chee-Jiun Chia  , Venus Khim-Sen Liew  , Racquel Rowland
Published: April 2021

The Movement Control Order (MCO) not only restricts movement of human being, it also reduces firms’ financial profits and brings significant impact to stock returns. The objective of this study is to examine the relation between Malaysian stock market returns and variables related to the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak. The FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI Index and eight selected main indices from 2 January 2020 to April 30, 2020, which includes the first three MCOs, are considered in this study. The results show that daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths had negative but insignificant impact on the returns on indices. Interestingly, MCO had significant and positive impact on all the indices’ returns while oversea financial risks had negative impact on these returns. Furthermore, it is found that the degree of impacts of MCO and oversea financial risks varied positively with the firm size of the indices’ constituent companies. China’s decision on unchanged loan prime rate on the 20 February 2020 was a favorable news to the Malaysia stock markets as indicated by the positive returns on all the indices. Similarly, the degree of impact of the China interest policy also varied positively with the firms’ characteristics. These findings are useful for investors in the Bursa Malaysia to manage their investment portfolios based on their appetites for risk.
Family Ownership and Tax Avoidance: An Analysis of Foreign Related Party Transactions and Dividend Payments
Authors: Nuritomo  , Sidharta Utama  , Ancella A, Hermawan
Published: April 2021

This paper aims to investigate the effect of shareholder tax burden on related party transactions (RPTs) and dividend payments in Indonesia. The paper also investigates the moderating effect of family ownership on the relationship between shareholder tax burden, RPTs and dividend payments. The study uses 451 firm-year observations comprising hand-collected data for the period 2010–2015. The results suggest that a high shareholder tax burden has a positive effect on RPTs and a negative effect on dividend payments. This indicates that companies engage in tax avoidance through dividend minimization and RPTs. When faced with a high tax burden, companies tend to reduce dividends and increase their RPTs in a bid to reduce their tax burden. This research also shows that the  positive effect of shareholder tax burden on RPTs is weakened with greater family ownership and that the negative effect of shareholder tax burden on dividend payments is strengthened by greater family ownership. This proves that Indonesian family firms tend to engage in tax avoidance through the use of dividend mechanisms as opposed to RPTs.
Integrating Workplace Spirituality, Total Quality Management, and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Wiwiek Rabiatul Adawiyah  , Ratno Purnomo  , Bambang Agus Pramuka  , Zahrotush Sholikhah
Published: April 2021

TQM needs comprehensive refashioning of "softer" methods whose components encompass the core concept of personnel management to be entirely practical and self-sustaining. The alleged usefulness of the people aspect of TQM's is essential than its technical side in influencing the presumed utility of customers. Thus, the successful execution of TQM programs profoundly depends on the motive, abilities, engagement, and role-powers of the participants in an organization. TQM is not just about solving problem but more about satisfying clients. Hence, this study investigated the interaction effect of soft Total Quality Management, employees’ Job Satisfaction and spirituality at work. The respondents were employees of Islamic banks in Indonesia. The hierarchical regression was considered to be the most appropriate analytical tool used for data analysis in this study. The findings showed that all dimensions of soft total quality management had a detrimental effect on job satisfaction. Moreover, stronger employees’ spirituality at work strengthen the association between soft TQM dimensions, except empowerment, with job satisfaction.
Value Creation in the Listed Banks: Do Governance Matter?
Authors: Abdul Mongid  , R. R Iramani  , Muazaroh Muazaroh
Published: April 2021

We assess the relationship between bank governance practice (GCG), efficiency, capital and risk on value creation in a sample of Indonesia commercial banks using the balance panel methodology. Our results suggest that GCG has a positive impact on value creation and performance. We also find that higher interest margin eventually becomes more profitable, better capitalized and that higher capital levels tend to have a neutral or negative effect on value creation. Efficiency levels are positive to value creation. These results are generally confirmed by a series of robustness tests. The findings convey potentially important implications for bank prudential supervision and underline the importance of attaining better governance to support sustainability and financial stability objectives.
The Impact of Financial Literacy on the Investment Decision of Non-Donation-Based Crowdfunding in Indonesia
Authors: Jihan Nadra Arifah  , Zuliani Dalimunthe
Published: April 2021

The present study investigates the heterogeneity of the financial literacy level between backers and  nonbackers of non-donation-based crowdfunding in Indonesia and how the financial literacy relates to the country’s decision to invest through non-donation crowdfunding. We choose Indonesia for a case study because non-donation crowdfunding has become a new investment mode recently in this area. The study extends the analysis to the predictors of financial literacy and its impact on the investment decision of nondonation crowdfunding. The hypotheses are examined through binary logistic regression. The study’s findings are as follows. First, there is heterogeneity in the financial literacy level between backers and nonbackers. Second, the financial literacy level is found to be affected by residence, education, income, and stock market product ownership. Third, investors in crowdfunding have a tendency to be in the younger age group. Fourth, males have a higher tendency to invest in non-donation crowdfunding than females, despite the lack of difference in financial literacy between them. Fifth, individuals in the lowest income group are more likely to invest in non-donation crowdfunding than individuals with larger incomes.
Co-Movement among World Vegetable Oil Prices: A Wavelet-Based Analysis
Authors: Abdul Hafizh Mohd Azam  , Tamat Sarmidi  , Abu Hassan Shaari Md Nor  , Muhamad Rias K V Zainuddin
Published: April 2021

This paper examines the co-movement among major world vegetable oil prices (palm, soybean, rapeseed, and sunflower oil) by using wavelet-based analysis for a dataset ranging from January 2003 until March 2018. The wavelet approach is superior to the other techniques as it provides a flexible tool in investigating the changes in time and frequency domain simultaneously. The empirical result shows that the strong comovement among vegetable oils are driven by strong contagion and interdependence but incomplete vegetable oil market integration among major world vegetable oil. Interestingly, palm oil shows a lower degree of relationship with other edible oil in all scales after 2015. Meanwhile, more recent data shows that soybean and rapeseed oil have shown an increase in interdependence among each other. The study finds that multiple cross-correlations indicate that soybean oil is a potential leader of the vegetable oils market followed by palm oil primarily in the low scale period. This study on the time-frequency domain gives new insight for traders and investors in the vegetable oil market relating to the strategy for portfolio diversification and risk management.
How Important Is Institutional Quality to Lower Energy Utilization: An Analysis Using a Global Panel of Stable and Unstable Countries
Authors: Fatemeh Dehdar  , Rajah Rasiah  , M. Mahdi Dehdar
Published: April 2021

Efforts to lower energy intensity increased initially as a result of rising fuel prices following the first and second oil shocks, which subsequently became serious owing to mounting evidence that fossil fuels are a major cause of climate change and global warming. Energy source is a key problem associated with climate change as oil and gas, and coal constitute major components of fossil fuels. However, the extant literature remains divided on the determinants of energy intensity. Hence, using panel annual data from 84 stable and unstable countries from 1980 to 2012, this paper tested the relationship between energy intensity, and trade, FDI, urbanization, industrialization, and institutional quality. FDI in particular showed a highly significant contribution towards lowering energy-intensity, as its coefficients were negative and highly significant at 1% in all three groups of countries. However, urbanization had no impact on energy-intensity levels in all three groups of countries, while industrialization and trade exacerbated energy intensity in the global panel of countries. Whereas trade showed no relationship with energy intensity among stable and unstable countries, industrialization worsened energy intensity among stable countries. Institutional quality had a highly significant (1%) and positive impact on reducing energy intensity in all three groups of countries.
Development and Performance of the Pepper Industry in Malaysia: A Critical Review
Authors: Harry Entebang  , Swee-Kiong Wong  , Zehnder Jarroop Augustine Mercer
Published: April 2021

The National Commodity Policy 2011-2020 was developed to increase the national income by harnessing the potential of commodity export revenues. Despite continuous efforts implemented by various related agencies, the overall performance of major commodities, particularly pepper, remains unsatisfactory. Regarded as a sought-after ‘king of spices’, pepper has become one of the most prized and important commodities traded globally. This paper highlights the development and performance of the pepper industry in Malaysia and discusses practical strategies and recommendations to transform the pepper industry. Besides conducting interviews with the industry experts to gain first-hand information, content and thematic analysis was employed based on secondary data research in this study. The findings of the study show that even though pepper is mostly used in food-related industries, its potential in pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical sectors remains underexplored. Globally, the overall supply and demand of pepper continue to increase, though the demand has recently exceeded supply. However, continuous new planting and farmexpansion initiatives by major producers caused the total global pepper supply to exceed consumption in 2018. In fact, pepper prices have declined more than 70% since 2015, which affected the overall household income of the rural community engaged in pepper farming. While experiencing low prices, smallholder pepper farmers and the industry continue to struggle with low domestic consumption, low production, higher cost of farm inputs, lack of extension services, low impact of research, development and innovation, ageing farming population, intense competition from other producing countries, low prices for quality pepper, limited subsidy to support continuous farming, pepper-related diseases, lack of new technology, and poor investment in downstream activities. Given this, the performance of the Malaysian pepper industry has fallen below expectations.
PERJANJIAN PEMANFAATAN TENAGA KERJA BONGKAR MUAT BARANG (TKBM)
Authors: Pohan Masitah , Hasibuan Diana Mayansari
Published: April 2021

Tenaga Kerja Bongkar Muat (TKBM) yang memiliki peran pokok dalam pencapaian kinerja kegiatan bongkar muat barang dari dan ke kapal di pelabuhan serta gambaran umum tentang Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yang sangat berperan pada seluruh aktivitas di pelabuhan. Pada dasarnya Tenaga Kerja Bongkar Muat merupakan bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari Sumber Daya Manusia di pelabuhan secara umum yang karena fungsi dan perannya di pelabuhan lebih specific dibidang bongkar muat barang maka disebut dengan istilah Tenaga Kerja Bongkar Muat Barang. Hal tersebut didasari melalui kesepakatan bersama antara Asosiasi Perusahaan Bongkar Muat Indonesia (APBMI MEDAN) dan Primer Koperasi Tenaga Kerja Bongkar Muat (TKBM). Adapun tujuan penelitian yang diangkat pada tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaturan sistem kerja bongkar muat yang merupakan sitem kerja borongan, sistem kerja tanpa adanya waktu yang ditentukan dalam penyelesaian aturan Keputusan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi No.100/MEN/IV/2004, yang menyangkut Undang-Undang Nomor 13 tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan tanpa adanya bentuk perjanjian khusus atau tanpa adanya hubungan kerja langsung antara pekerja dengan penyedia jasa sesuai dengan hukum Pedata mengenai perjanjian umum, seta hubungan kerja sesuai Undang-Undang Ketenagakerjaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan menerapkan penelitian yuridis empiris, sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari data primer.