bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil das empresas madeireiras no município de Salvador
Authors: Nascimento Sandriel Lima , Lima Vinícius de Sousa , Santos Marly Cirqueira , Dias João Miguel Santos , César Sandro Fábio
Published: April 2022

O presente estudo teve como objetivo fazer o levantamento das características das empresas fornecedoras de madeira para construção civil no município de Salvador (BA). Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário aplicado nas empresas que comercializam madeira para a indústria da construção civil. As principais espécies madeiras comercializadas são maçaranduba (Manilkara spp) e pinus (Pinus spp.). Os maiores percentuais de madeira serrada provêm dos estados do Pará (44%) e Santa Catarina (18%).
Percepção dos egressos do curso de Ciências Biológicas sobre o ensino de Biologia na Educação Básica
Authors: Teixeira Catarina , Da Silva Nascimento Camila
Published: April 2022

Compreendendo a importância do curso de Ciências Biológicas na formação de professores de Biologia, o presente trabalho investigou a percepção dos egressos do curso de Ciências Biológicas de uma universidade pública do triângulo mineiro sobre o ensino de Biologia no ensino médio. Sendo assim, realizamos uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados a partir de um questionário semiestruturado que investigou a percepção de 8 egressos do curso de Ciências Biológicas. Após uma análise profunda nos dados, baseado na Análise de Conteúdo, emergiram 3 categorias. De acordo com os egressos, as aulas expositivas relacionadas com aulas práticas são indispensáveis no processo de ensino aprendizagem. Os temas que geram curiosidade e interesse nos alunos, fazem parte principalmente do dia a dia deles. Os pontos negativos foram em sua maioria com relação a falta de recursos didáticos da escola. Por outro lado, as facilidades mencionadas são frutos de uma boa base educacional conseguidas na graduação. Enfim, é preciso discutir sobre o sistema educacional, as diversidades estruturais das escolas e utilizar metodologias diversas no processo de ensino aprendizagem durante a graduação, para que possibilite a mobilização dos saberes de formação profissional, disciplinares e experienciais que serão adquiridos na licenciatura.
GGE Biplot Tekniği ve Scatter Plot Matrixi ile Ekmeklik Buğdayda (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotip, Verim ve Verim Komponentlerinin Yorumlanması
Authors: KARAMAN Mehmet
Published: April 2022

Scatter plot matrixi incelenen özellikler arası ilişkileri, grup ve gruplar ile özellik-grup ilişkisini görsel olarak sunmakta ve araştırıcılara yorum yapabilme kolaylığı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, 10 ekmeklik buğday genotipi ile 2020-2021 yetiştirme sezonunda Muş ilinde, Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine göre yağışa dayalı şartlarda yürütülmüştür. Başakta tane sayısı ve başakçık sayısı hariç, incelenen tüm özelliklerde genotipler arasında p
Impacto de los riesgos psicosociales, estrés y toma de decisiones en la seguridad operacional
Authors: Lozano Plazas Juan Esteban , Pico Quintero Nindre
Published: April 2022

Los riesgos psicosociales, de estrés y toma de decisiones, son parte fundamental de los factores humanos en la aviación, cuya inadecuada gestión podría ocasionar fallas que pondrían en riesgo la seguridad operacional. El objetivo consistió en identificar la relación de los riesgos psicosociales intralaborales, extralaborales, de estrés, autoconfianza y toma de decisiones con el personal de Grupo Técnico (Grute) del Comando Aéreo de Transporte Militar (Catam) de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana (FAC). De esta manera, a 163 militares activos del Grute del Catam se les administró el Cuestionario de Factores de Riesgo Psicosocial Intralaboral y Extralaboral, el Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Estrés-Tercera Versión, el Cuestionario Melbourne sobre Toma de Decisiones y la Escala de Autoconfianza como Tomador de Decisiones, con el fin de valorar sus indicadores, correlaciones, probabilidades y regresiones. Como resultado, se reportaron niveles de riesgo psicosocial en el 78 % de los participantes, asociado además con el estrés general (r = ,48 p < ,01). La autoconfianza ambivalente estuvo presente en el 37 % y la baja se dio en el 8 % de los participantes. Los peores patrones en toma de decisiones, procrastinación/ hipervigilancia y transferencia pueden llegar a ser explicados por el estrés en el 24 % y el 16 %, respectivamente. En conclusión, los riesgos psicosociales, de estrés, autoconfianza y patrones en toma de decisiones están relacionados entre sí, y existen niveles de riesgo altos y muy altos. Por último, hay una alta probabilidad de presentarlos actualmente o a futuro dentro del Grute, lo cual representa un evidente peligro para la seguridad operacional.
Nuevos roles militares y otras medidas asociadas a la gestión del riesgo en relación con la pandemia de la COVID-19 en Colombia
Authors: Cerón Rincón Alejandra , Rico Venegas Yuber
Published: April 2022

La actual crisis mundial, originada por la pandemia de la COVID-19, ha exigido la respuesta efectiva del Estado a través de la coordinación interagencial de sus instituciones y la sociedad civil. Este artículo explora cómo desde los comienzos del siglo XXI en Colombia se han desarrollado las condiciones necesarias para que las Fuerzas Armadas proyecten, construyan y desplieguen en el territorio nuevas capacidades relacionadas con el control de nuevos desafíos presentes en los contextos de seguridad. Dichos contextos inicialmente estuvieron relacionados con el proceso de construcción de paz en el territorio, pero en la coyuntura de la nueva enfermedad y su contagio ha mutado hacia situaciones asociadas con brigadas de salubridad, la atención de emergencias y la contención de la población civil en situación de crisis. Con la discusión de algunas medidas que se han implementado en el país, desde el comienzo de la emergencia sanitaria declarada en marzo de 2020, se pretende analizar cómo los esfuerzos y programas asociados a la construcción de nuevos roles militares en Colombia pueden ser la base para nuevas apuestas en la gestión del riesgo.
Porównanie oznaczeń siarkowodoru z użyciem różnych typów detekcji (FPD, TCD) stosowanych w chromatografii gazowej
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Wciślak Agnieszka , Janiga Marek ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Kania Małgorzata ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: April 2022

Odpowiedni dobór detektorów w chromatografii gazowej pozwala na dokładniejsze pomiary analizowanych związków. Wybór detektora zależy od substancji, które chcemy oznaczać, od ich procentowej zawartości w analizowanym gazie, a w niektórych przypadkach również od matrycy próbki, w której dany związek się znajduje. Związki siarki są bardzo częstym przedmiotem badań w laboratoriach geochemicznych. Jak dotąd zdecydowanie najpopularniejszym dostępnym na rynku detektorem do pomiaru ich stężeń jest FPD, używany również w Laboratorium Geochemii Nafty i Gazu INiG – PIB. Jednak w zależności od rodzaju i ilości związków siarki można, po opracowaniu odpowiedniej metodyki, użyć również detektorów FID i TCD. Przy badaniu bardzo niskich stężeń siarkowodoru zgodnie z doniesieniami literaturowymi sugerowane jest użycie detektora SCD, a przy badaniach stężeń wysokich można zastosować miareczkowanie jodometryczne. W ramach badań została wykonana kalibracja oraz przeprowadzono elementy walidacji metodyk oznaczania siarkowodoru na zróżnicowanych poziomach stężeń z użyciem detektorów FPD i TCD. Została sprawdzona specyficzność oraz selektywność zastosowanych metodyk badawczych. Ustalono granicę wykrywalności oraz oznaczalności, obliczono powtarzalność, a także liniowość. Kalibracja oraz wybrane elementy walidacyjne pokazały, jakie są możliwości zastosowanych detektorów, a także dały wiedzę, na jakim poziomie należy oznaczać siarkowodór przy użyciu poszczególnych detektorów powszechnie wykorzystywanych w chromatografii gazowej. Wykonane badania udowodniły, że opracowane metodyki spełniają założone kryteria akceptacji dla wybranych elementów walidacji. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że detektor FPD jest adekwatnym wyborem przy badaniach siarkowodoru w zakresie od 1 ppm do 10 ppm, natomiast TCD jest odpowiedni do oznaczeń wyższych stężeń siarkowodoru, tj. od 0,5% do 5%.
Determination of the location of the technological equipment on the chassis of the oil field aggregates
Authors:   Department of Oil Mechanics of Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Hasanov Ramiz , Kazimov Musa ,   Department of Oil Mechanics of Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: April 2022

Currently, it is impossible to imagine the repair and drilling of any well without the use of modern mobile equipment. With technological progress, not only new development technologies in the branch of field exploitation appear, but also new equipment with which oil and gas wells are repaired and reconstructed. Today, oil production is mainly carried out by the operation of wells without a pumping derrick, which makes it possible to sharply reduce the cost of metal and funds. Operations of downhole equipment lifting and tripping in a well are carried out using self-propelled mobile units representing tracked or wheeled transport vehicles on which a derrick (mast) with a winch, transmission and hoisting system is mounted. Lifting units are equipped with a mechanism for raising the mast to the working position and lowering it to the transport position. Installations with a lifting capacity of up to 32 tons inclusive are designed for lifting operations during routine underground repair of wells, whereas over 32 tons minimal lift capacity are required during major repairs and well development. The mobile unit is subjected to oscillatory movements both during transportation along unpaved, semi - destroyed, muddy and snow-covered roads to the well (for development, repair), and during well drilling. The frequency of the oscillating movement depends on the state of the uneven road. The unevenness of the road is expressed by spectral functions. In this case, both the chassis and the body of the mobile unit, as well as the technological equipment located on it, are subjected to oscillatory movements. As a result, technological equipment, as well as devices and equipment located on it, lose their accuracy, which leads to accidents both during drilling and during operation. Therefore, in order to minimize the influence of oscillatory movements on the operability of technological equipment, a technique was developed for technological equipment positioning on the chassis of a mobile unit at an optimal scheme according to the proposed method.
Analiza możliwości wykorzystania aparatu PetroOxy do oznaczania stabilności termooksydacyjnej smarów plastycznych metodą RSSOT (Rapid Small-Scale Oxidation Test)
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Sacha Dariusz , Skibińska Agnieszka ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Krasodomski Wojciech ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: April 2022

W warunkach eksploatacji smar podlega działaniu szeregu czynników, które powodują jego destrukcję. Smar spełniający swoje podstawowe funkcje w układzie smarowania narażony jest przede wszystkim na działanie wysokiej temperatury, a dominującym procesem starzenia, bezpośrednio wpływającym na okres użytkowania smaru, jest utlenianie. Stabilność termooksydacyjna ma decydujący wpływ na jakość i długość czasu pracy smarów w węzłach tarcia i układach smarowania. W 2018 r. ukazała się nowa procedura badawcza określająca stabilność oksydacyjną smarów plastycznych według normy ASTM D8206 (Standardowa metoda badania stabilności oksydacyjnej smarów – szybki test utleniania w małej skali RSSOT). Metoda badania polega na umieszczeniu badanej próbki smaru plastycznego w ilości 4,00 g (±0,01 g) w szklanym naczynku. Powierzchnia smaru znajdującego się w naczyniu reakcyjnym musi być dobrze wyrównana. Proces ten należy przeprowadzić w temperaturze otoczenia. Szklane naczynie ze smarem plastycznym wkłada się do komory reakcyjnej aparatu badawczego i napełnia komorę tlenem do ciśnienia 700 kPa (±5 kPa). Komora reakcyjna jest ogrzewana do zadanej temperatury (140°C lub 160°C). Ciśnienie w naczyniu jest rejestrowane w odstępach 1 s. Badanie prowadzi się do osiągnięcia punktu końcowego, czyli spadku ciśnienia o 10% od wartości maksymalnej. Test trwa od kilku minut do maksymalnie kilku godzin – w zależności od właściwości badanego obiektu. Artykuł omawia różnice w ocenie stabilności termooksydacyjnej smarów plastycznych oznaczanej wg metody ASTM D8206 z wykorzystaniem dwóch różnych aparatów: PetroOxy i RapidOxy 100. Budowa i sposób działania obu aparatów są zbliżone i zgodne z wymaganiami wyżej wymienionej normy, jednak wyniki uzyskane przy ich wykorzystaniu nie mieszczą się w odtwarzalności metody. W artykule została przedstawiona próba wyjaśnienia przyczyn tego zjawiska.
The Relation Between Serum Alpha Defensin-1 Levels with Clinical Course and Prognosis in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: BAYAR Meral , PARLAK Emine , LALOĞLU Esra , PARLAK Mehmet , YILMAZ Sinan
Published: April 2022

Aim: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonotic infection characterized by fever and bleeding. Alpha-defensin-1 (AD-1) is an antimicrobial peptide. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the clinical course and prognosis of CCHF and AD-1 serum levels, and also to examine the role of AD-1 in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Material and Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with CCHF and hospitalized at the Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, and 38 healthy control were included in this study. Serum AD-1 levels were measured using ELISA methods and compared between the groups.
Results: Serum AD-1 levels in the patients were significantly higher than those in the control group (p=0.017). Of the patients, 18 (36%) were classified as severe clinical course, 16 (32%) as moderate clinical course, and 16 (32%) as mild clinical course. There was no statistically significant difference among the three groups in terms of serum AD-1 levels (p=0.729). Median serum AD-1 levels were 171.0 (range, 126.8-221.2) ng/ml in the fatal cases, and 118.7 (range, 91.9-183.3) ng/ml in the surviving patients, and the difference between these two groups was statistically significant (p=0.014).
Conclusion: As a result, the increased serum AD-1 levels in CCHF patients, remained higher in severe course patients and in the fatal cases. On the basis of these results, AD-1 appears to indicate the clinical course and provide useful information about mortality. More extensive research should be performed to make generalizations on this subject.
Rola i miejsce refleksji nad sztuką w kształtowaniu się społeczno-regulacyjnej koncepcji kultury Jerzego Kmity
Authors: Kijko Maciej
Published: April 2022

Teoria kultury zaproponowana przez Jerzego Kmitę jest projektem mającym na celu adekwatne wyjaśnianie zjawisk kulturowych i udziału w nich jednostek — uczestników kultury. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie obecnego w refleksji poznańskiego badacza namysłu nad sztuką jako jednego z istotnych czynników pozwalających na eksplikacje szczegółowych problemów stojących przed badaczem kultury oraz ukazujących samą sztukę w kontekście społecznym: jako dziedzinę kultury podległą zapotrzebowaniom społecznym, mającym swoje społeczne funkcje i niemającą autonomicznego charakteru. Mimo że sam Jerzy Kmita nie koncentrował się na specyficznych problemach sztuki, jest ona istotnym punktem odniesienia dla jego refleksji nad kulturą.
A hiányzó kereskedős áfacsalás miatt végzett importkiigazítás a magyarországi nemzeti számlákban 2015 és 2020 között
Authors: Ritzlné Kazimir Ildikó , Máténé Bella Klaudia
Published: April 2022

A hiányzó kereskedős áfacsalás a határon átnyúló áfacsalások közé tartozik, és súlyos problémát jelent az Európai Unióban. Mindemellett eddig csak kevés becslés készült az ennek következtében be nem fizetett áfa összegének megállapítására, ami a Közösségen belül 20-100 milliárd euróra tehető. A hiányzó kereskedős áfacsalások értékének meghatározása tehát lénye-ges és egyben érdekes kihívás; erre vállalkoznak a szerzők is, amelyhez egy új becslési eljárást dolgoztak ki, lévén, hogy a nemzetközi szakirodalomban nem áll rendelkezésre ezzel kapcsolatos módszertan. Eredményeik szerint a hiányzó import a nemzeti számlákban elszámolt import 0,3-0,5 százaléka lehetett 2015 és 2020 között, amelynek átlagosan 52 százaléka volt ilyen jellegű áfacsalásokhoz köthető.
Political Crisis in Kazakhstan
Authors: Pritchin S.
Published: April 2022

The tragic events in Kazakhstan in early January 2022, when protests against the increase in prices for automobile gas led to mass riots and the loss of control by the authorities over the largest city of Almaty, became the most serious test for the republic in all 30 years of independence. Against the background of the events in the republic, serious personnel changes have taken place. The current president Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, in the conditions of a serious crisis, took over all the remaining posts in the leadership of the country from his predecessor Nursultan Nazarbayev, and also began the process of ousting the clan of the first president from the power structures. Thus, the transit of power in Kazakhstan, launched in 2019, has ended and a new vertical of power and state ideology are currently being formed. The inclusion of the CSTO mission at the request of President Tokayev made it possible to contribute to the stabilization of the situation in the republic in a short time, as well as to receive international support from his closest allies. In the near future, the new government will have to not only quickly form a new management vertical with new priorities, but also respond to a whole range of socio-economic problems that have become one of the key causes of the crisis. The next two years until 2024, when the presidential elections will be held, will be a serious test both for the new management team and for Kazakhstan as a whole.
Turkmenistan and Turkey-Centric Integration
Authors: Avatkov V. , Ryzhenkov A.
Published: April 2022

Central Asia is one of the focal points of Turkish foreign policy. Attempts to stimulate integration processes in the former Turkic republics of the Soviet Union under Turkish aegis have been underway since the early 1990s. Turkmenistan, due to its large reserves of natural resources and favorable strategic position on the shore of the Caspian Sea, is of particular interest to Ankara. Promoting the concept of “Two states – one nation” Turkey is building interaction with official Ashgabat in the field of trade, military cooperation, humanitarian ties. This article examines the current state of affairs in these tracks and points out in which areas the Republic of Turkey is already successful, and which may soon attract more attention from Ankara.
The Construction of Bangladesh–China–India-Myanmar Economic Corridor: Current Situation, Problem, and Countermeasures
Authors: Islam Shahidul , Wang Wuyi , Sheng Laping
Published: April 2022

The Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar (BCIM) Economic Corridor is a sub-regional cooperation concept under the framework of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Regional Cooperation Forum jointly promoted by the governments of China, Bangladesh, India, and Myanmar. It is one of the six important economic corridors under the "One Belt, One Road” cooperation initiative. Promoting the construction of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor will lead to the coordinated development of the three economic regions of East Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia. At present, the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor has achieved initial results, but the comparative advantages in the "Belt and Road" have not yet fully manifested. On the basis of analyzing the political mutual trust, interconnection, humanities exchanges, economic and trade exchanges among the four countries, this paper points out that the China-Indian political mutual trust is low, the transportation is in need of renewal, the humanities exchange and cooperation is insufficient, and the intra-regional trade competition increased. In final, the corresponding measures were put forward to promote the construction of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor under the “Belt and Road”.
Referred Trigeminal Pain from Greater Occipital Nerve Entrapment: Importance of Accurate Greater Occipital Nerve Decompression
Authors: Noh Chan-yang , Lee Chang-ik , Son Byung-chul
Published: April 2022

Trigeminocervical complex (TCC) sensitization by chronic entrapment of the greater occipital nerve (GON) often causes difficult-to-understand referred trigeminal facial pain along with occipital neuralgia. This report emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and GON decompression by describing a case of a 51-year-old female patient with referred trigeminal pain from occipital neuralgia misdiagnosed as chronic migraine. The patient underwent incomplete decompression surgery. She presented with a relentless stinging and stabbing pain in her left hemiface and temporo-occipital area for 8 years. The pain occurred suddenly without improvement after long-term medical and injection treatment. She was diagnosed with chronic migraine and underwent so-called “migraine surgery” three years ago, but to no avail. Incomplete decompression of the bilateral GONs within the trapezial tunnel was confirmed under a microscopic oblique-paramedian approach. After accurate decompression, the chronic stabbing pain in the left facial and temporo-occipital region disappeared. Only intermittent numbness was felt. It is important to recognize occipital neuralgia caused by chronic GON entrapment and referred facial pain caused by TCC sensitization. Referred pain still often seems to be misunderstood as various other diseases. Direct decompression of the trapezial tunnel using a neurosurgical microscopic approach based on an accurate assessment of anatomical considerations may be important for GON decompression.
Note on A Peculiar Fusuline Sample from the Pennsylvanian of the Cantabrian Zone (Spain): Observations and Intriguing Questions
Authors: Villa Elisa , Ueno Katsumi , Merino-Tomé Óscar
Published: April 2022

This paper discusses four peculiar cases of foraminiferal occurrences in a limestone bed of the Pennsylvanian (Myachkovian, upper Moscovian) of the Cantabrian Zone (northern Spain), which raise questions as to their possible interpretation: (1) the true range of the genus Pseudostaffella; (2) the possible marked tendency towards a thickness increase shown by the wall of the genus Putrella; (3) the origin of the apparent deformations observed in part of the fusulines, especially in some Beedeina specimens, here interpreted as alterations probably due to a foraminiferal disease; and (4) the observations made on clusters of recently found fused foraminifera, which invalidate one of the hypotheses so far provided to explain these aggregations while opening perspectives towards new interpretations. A new species, Putrella crassa Villa & Ueno, is introduced.
Identification of biomarkers related to metabolically unhealthy obesity in Korean obese adolescents: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jeong Sarang , Jang Han Byul , Kim Hyo-Jin , Lee Hye-Ja
Published: April 2022

Background: The current study aimed to screen for relationships and different potential metabolic biomarkers involved between metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) in adolescents.Methods: The study included 148 obese adolescents aged between 14 and 16. The study participants were divided into MUO and MHO groups based on the age-specific adolescent metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. The current study was conducted to investigate the clinical and metabolic differences between the MHO and MUO groups. Multivariate analyses were conducted to investigate the metabolites as independent predictors for the odds ratio and the presence of the MetS.Results: There were significant differences in the 3 acylcarnitines, 5 amino acids, glutamine/glutamate ratio, 3 biogenic amines, 2 glycerophospholipids, and triglyceride-glucose index between the MUO group and those in the MHO group. Moreover, several metabolites were associated with the prevalence of MUO. Additionally, several metabolites were inversely correlated with MHO in the MUO group.Conclusions: In this study, the biomarkers found in this study have a potential to reflect the clinical outcomes of the MUO group. These biomarkers will lead to a better understanding of MetS in obese adolescents.
Oral Microbial Extracellular DNA as an Initiator of Periodontitis through Gingival Degradation by Fibroblast-derived Cathepsin K
Authors: Kondo Takeru , Okawa Hiroko , Hokugo Akishige , Shokeen Bhumika , Sundberg Oskar , Zheng Yiying , McKenna Charles , Lux Renate , Nishimura Ichiro
Published: April 2022

Periodontitis is a highly prevalent disease leading to uncontrolled osteoclastic jawbone resorption and ultimately to edentulism. While the interaction between dysbiotic biofilm communities and host oral barrier immunity has been extensively studied, much less is known about the disease onset mechanism. We report here its initial pathological mechanism revealed by a new in vivo molecular imaging platform using a highly sensitive, Osteoadsorptive Fluogenic Sentinel (OFS) probe that emits a fluorescent signal triggered by cathepsin K (Ctsk) activity. Unexpectedly, a strong OFS signal was already observed before the establishment of chronic inflammation and bone resorption in a ligature-induced mouse model of periodontitis. Single cell RNA sequencing revealed that the cellular source of early Ctsk was not osteoclasts but gingival fibroblasts. Furthermore, the in vivo OFS signal was activated when Toll-Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) ligand or oral biofilm extracellular DNA (eDNA) was topically applied to the mouse palatal gingiva. By contrast, TLR2/4 ligand and planktonic oral microbial mixture failed to activate the in vivo OFS signal. This previously unrecognized interaction between oral microbial eDNA and gingival Ctsk provides a pathological mechanism for disease initiation and a new strategic basis for early diagnosis and intervention of periodontitis.
Biometric recognition of newborns and young children for vaccinations and health care: A non- randomized prospective clinical trial
Authors: Kalisky Tom , Saggese Steven , Zhao Yunting , Johnson Daniel , Azarova Maya , Duarte-Vera Lilia Edith , Almada-Salazar Lucila Alejandra , Perales-Gonzalez Daniel , Chacon-Cruz Enrique , Wang Jiaxing , Graham Rishi , Hubenko Alexandra , Hall Drew A. , Aronoff-Spencer Eliah
Published: April 2022

Although universal biometrics have been broadly called for, and there are many validated technologies to recognize adults, these technologies have been ineffective in newborns and young children. The present work describes the development and clinical testing of a fingerprint capture system designed explicitly for longitudinal biometric recognition of newborns and young children for vaccination and clinical follow-up. The reader consists of a high-resolution monochromatic imaging system with an ergonomic industrial design to comfortably support and align infant fingers for imaging without a platen. This imaging approach without a platen, also referred to as free space imaging, reduces distortion of the fingerprint and ensures a more consistent finger placement. This system was tested in a newborn ward and immunization clinic at an urban hospital in Baja California, Mexico, from 2017–2019. Nearly five hundred children were enrolled and followed for up to 24 months. With a protocol of imaging all ten fingers, the failure to enroll (FTE) rate was < 1% when acquiring at least two fingers for all ages and < 2% when enrolling at least four fingers. The verification (1:1) true accept rate (TAR) was 77% for newborns enrolled at ≤ 3 days of age and 96% for those enrolled at ≥ 4 days of age, both at a time gap of 15–30 days after enrollment at a False Accept Rate (FAR) of 0.1%. Using the top-ranked match score, the identification rate (1:many) was 86% for the ≤ 3 days enrollment age and 97% for age ≥ 4 days for a single finger at 15–30 days after enrollment. The enrollment protocol and the frequency of updating will increase for infants compared to adults, but these data suggest that a high-resolution, free space imaging technique may fill the final gap for universal biometrics across all populations called for by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 16.9.
Development of a Novel Human CD147 Knock-in NSG Mouse Model to Test SARS-CoV-2 Viral Infection
Authors: Badeti Saiaditya , Jiang Qingkui , Naghizadeh Alireza , Tseng Hsiang-chi , Bushkin Yuri , Marras Salvatore A.E. , Nisa Annuurun , Tyagi Sanjay , Chen Fei , Romanienko Peter , Yehia Ghassan , Evans Deborah , Lopez-Gonzalez Moises , Alland David , Russo Riccardo , Gause William , Shi Lanbo , Liu Dongfang
Published: April 2022

Background: An animal model that can mimic the SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans is critical to understanding the rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2 virus and for development of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies to combat emerging mutants. Studies show that the spike proteins of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 bind to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2, a well-recognized, functional receptor for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2) to mediate viral entry. Several hACE2 transgenic (hACE2Tg) mouse models are being widely used, which are clearly invaluable. However, the hACE2Tg mouse model cannot fully explain: 1) low expression of ACE2 observed in human lung and heart, but lung or heart failure occurs frequently in severe COVID-19 patients; 2) low expression of ACE2 on immune cells, but lymphocytopenia occurs frequently in COVID-19 patients; and 3) hACE2Tg mice do not mimic the natural course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. Moreover, one of most outstanding features of coronavirus infection is the diversity of receptor usage, which includes the newly proposed human CD147 (hCD147) as a possible co-receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry. It is still debatable whether CD147 can serve as a functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infection or entry.Results: Here we successfully generated a hCD147 knock-in mouse model (hCD147KI) in the NOD-scid IL2Rgammanull (NSG) background. In this hCD147KI-NSG mouse model, the hCD147 genetic sequence was placed downstream of the endogenous mouse promoter for mouse CD147 (mCD147), which creates an in vivo model that may better recapitulate physiological expression of hCD147 proteins at the molecular level compared to the existing and well-studied K18-hACE2-B6 (JAX) model. In addition, the hCD147KI-NSG mouse model allows further study of SARS-CoV-2 in the immunodeficiency condition which may assist our understanding of this virus in the context of high-risk populations in immunosuppressed states. Our data show 1) the human CD147 protein is expressed in various organs (including bronchiolar epithelial cells) in hCD147KI-NSG mice by immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry; 2) hCD147KI-NSG mice are marginally sensitive to SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to WT-NSG littermates characterized by increased viral copies by qRT-PCR and moderate body weight decline compared to baseline; 3) a significant increase in leukocytes in the lungs of hCD147KI-NSG mice, compared to infected WT-NSG mice.Conclusions: hCD147KI-NSG mice are more sensitive to COVID-19 infection compared to WT-NSG mice. The hCD147KI-NSG mouse model can serve as an additional animal model for further interrogation whether CD147 serve as an independent functional receptor or accessory receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry and immune responses.
ESPAR Array Design for the Wireless Communication and IoT Applications
Authors: Rahman Md. Moklesur , Ryu Heung-Gyoon
Published: April 2022

It is very important to handle the interference between the transmitter and receiver in wireless communication system. The high gain antenna is an essential component in such a communication system. In this paper, a new Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) array antenna is presented for high gain communications and sensing. The antenna array (1x2) consists of two single ESPAR antennas with an optimum distance. The maximum gain of the single antenna is 8.17 dB whereas the minimum gain is 7.88 dB. Likewise, the peak gain of the array antenna is 11.40 dB which increased by 3 dB approximately. The designed antenna could operate at the frequency of ISM band 2.4 GHz to 2.50 GHz. The elements of the ESPAR antenna are placed on substrate namely Rogers RO4725-JXR with a thickness of 0.787 mm whose dielectric constant is 2.55, as a result it could be fabricated inexpensively. The space between the active and parasitic elements is chosen as λ/4 for optimum performance. To reduce the mutual coupling, the distance between the two ESPAR antennas is selected as λ/8. This proposed array design of ESPAR antenna could be applied into wireless communications, in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and IoT communication applications.
Analyzing Effect of View Factors on Surface Heat Flux, Surface Temperature, and Vegetation Cover
Authors: YILDIZ NALAN DEMIRCIOGLU , Erdem Fırat , Acet Seyma Berk , Avdan Ugur
Published: April 2022

With the increase in population in cities, economic, social and environmental problems continue to increase, and it is thought that the microclimatic conditions created by these problems will cause more environmental problems. One of the factors affecting the urban climate in urban areas is urban geometry. The climate of a region changes due to the shape of the land surface, human activities, atmospheric movements, and latent and sensible heat fluxes. Sky View Factor (SVF), Building View Factor (BVF) and Tree View Factor (TVF) are actively used in the determination of urban geometry. However, studies on how these factors affect the thermal state of the urban environment are insufficient. Determining the land surface changes and thermal condition characteristics (LST, NDVI, SHF and LHF) depending on urban growth and examining how these properties affect thermal conditions is very important in the construction of sustainable urban planning. In the study, SVF, BVF, TVF, LST, NDVI, SHF and LHF values ​​of 55 points determined for three different areas with different urban geometries were calculated. How these values ​​affect each other and their situation on urban outdoor thermal comfort is evaluated. In the study, statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between surface temperature, surface heat fluxes, different view factors, and vegetation. As a result of ANOVA analysis, it was determined as very significant (p > 0.01) in all regions. Both SHF and LHF values differ with SVF. The SHF value has a direct relationship with the SVF value. LHF is inversely proportional to the SVF value. The situation is reversed for SHF variation concerning vegetation. LHF and NDVI are directly related. SHF and NDVI are inversely proportional. SVF and NDVI values ​​also vary according to the LST value. It has been observed that LST has a direct relationship with SVF and an inverse relationship with NDVI.
Heterogeneity and functional diversity of human T cells in periapical lesions
Authors: Lin Xinwei , Tong Zhongchun , Li Baoyu , Lv Xiaomin , Meng Qingzhen , Lai Hongbin , Gong Qimei
Published: April 2022

Background: Apical periodontitis (AP), is a common inflammatory disorder affecting periradicular destruction and even leads to tooth loss, is a consequence of interactions between immune cells and commensal bacteria. The bacteria pathogens disrupt host signal transduction pathways by their virulence proteins and lipopolysaccharides, activating the release of proinflammatory cytokines by cell members of the immune system. As in other tissues, the recruitment of immune cells in periapical lesions also contributes to initiating the process of tissue impairment and repair after inflammation. However, the precise roles of infiltrating T cells in AP remains mostly limited to immunologic function. Results: Here, we employed single-cell RNA-seq to construct a transcriptomic atlas of 44,746 individual cells in the periapical lesions from 5 AP patients and identify 8 cell types, embracing 4 types of immune cells and non-immune cells. We found 9 subsets of T cells and deciphered cellular heterogeneity of T cells in AP on a functional level by clustering and gene-set enrichment analysis. Lineage tracing unveiled distinct lineage of T cells in AP and predicted relative transcription factors led to cell lineage commitment and function. GSEA analysis revealed multiple biological processes and relevant angiogenesis genes upregulated in T cells of AP compared to healthy gingival. Granzyme A (GZMA)_Coagulation Factor II Thrombin Receptor (F2R) binding was forecasted in AP and pro-angiogenic capacity of GZMA recombinant protein was emphasized by conducting in vitro experiments. Conclusion: Our study has yielded novel insights into the heterogeneity and functional diversity of T cells in periapical lesions, unraveling the potential of T cells in affecting angiogenesis during tissue healing.
Assessing the landscape potential to deliver ecosystem services in modeling scenarios of land use change
Authors: Nazarenko Anton
Published: April 2022

The article presents an algorithm for assessing the scenarios of land use change in terms of the landscape potential to deliver ecosystem services (ES). The developed algorithm was applied to the model area in Altai Krai (Russia) to assess scenarios for using fallow lands.The assessment was performed for local natural landscapes with consideration of their land use structure and based on productivity of forest ecosystems and agricultural lands (including pastures, hayfields and arable lands). For assessing the landscape potential to deliver ES, we used and mapped the economic value (US $ / ha / year) of seven ecosystem services.For spatial planning of land use structure and developing scenarios, we employed expert assessments and evaluation of permissible agricultural impact. These tools were successfully tested under designing scenarios for fallow lands use in the Zarinsky region. To check the effectiveness of the developed scenarios, ES were re-assessed and the obtained results compared with the original scenario.Our findings suggest that though economic indicators do not fully reflect the ES value, they can be used as the basis for decision-making in land use planning at the regional and sub-regional scales.
Novel compound heterozygous PLEC mutations lead to pure late-onset muscular dystrophy
Authors: Liu Mengyang , Lin Ying , Qiao Lingya , Chen Juan , Shi Qiang
Published: April 2022

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2Q (LGMD2Q) is a specific mutation in the plectin (PLEC) gene at chromosome 8q24.3. The major phenotypes of plectin‑associated disorder were epidermolysis bullosa with or without skeletal muscle involvement. The phenotype of pure muscular dystrophy was rarely reported. Here we report a Chinese patient carrying a novel compound heterozygous PLEC mutations presenting with pure muscular dystrophy.
Transitional Probabilities for Plastic Waste Management and Implication on Sustainability
Authors: Addor John Awuah , Wiah Eric Neebo , Alao Felix Illesanmi
Published: April 2022

The global economy seems to be sinking in the ocean of plastic wastes. Plastic circular economy has been prescribed the key panacea with recycling as its key strategy. The issue of sustainable plastic circular economy has so far been the challenge amid the production of virgin plastics. The aim of this study is to assess the sustainability of plastic circular economy with complete dependence on plastic wastes. Sustainability assessment criterion was based on plastic waste generation and recycling transitional probabilities. A closed system is assumed to ensure that no new virgin plastic is produced. Data was obtained from various publications of the Plastic Europe; and other research publications on plastic waste management. Sustainability was then assessed under four scenarios; joint force of plastic waste incineration and discarding, plastic waste discarding without incineration, plastic waste incineration without discarding; and complete riddance of plastic waste incineration and discarding. It was revealed that the already cumulated volume of global annual plastic waste generated can sustain plastic circular economy in a closed system only if plastic waste incineration and discarding are completely prohibited. The study is an indispensable tool for policy formulation in the area of waste management.
Repeated long-duration space missions facilitate brain plasticity at night and psychological resilience during daytime
Authors: Otsuka Kuniaki , Cornélissen Germaine , Kubo Yutaka , Shibata Koichi , Mizuno Koh , Aiba Tatsuya , Furukawa Satoshi , Ohshima Hiroshi , Mukai Chiaki
Published: April 2022

Repeated long-duration spaceflights of a healthy astronaut, 4 years apart, facilitated microgravity-induced brain-plasticity and psychological-resilience, observed about 20 days after launch (ISS01) during the second mission. Sleep duration lengthened, sleep quality improved, and spectral power of heart rate variability indices (HRV, msec2), co-varying with activity of the salience network (SN), increased at night: HF-component (0.15–0.50 Hz) from 345.1 to 557.5 (P = 0.0580), and HF-band (0.30–0.40 Hz) from 52.7 to 101.5 (P = 0.0417). Spectral power of HRV indices during daytime, which correlate negatively with psychological-resilience, decreased: HF-component from 321.0 to 249.8 (P = 0.0240), and HF-band from 58.5 to 36.7 (P = 0.00002). LF-component and LF-band, reflecting activity of the default mode network, did not change significantly. Contrary to the first mission, no significant changes in 24-hour acrophases of HRV endpoints were observed about 20 days after launch during the second mission, but the 12-hour acrophase of TF-HRV underwent a remarkable phase delay from − 216° to -52° (P < 0.0001). The 12-hour component could thus consolidate the circadian system and contribute to a better adaptation in space by taking advantage of brain plasticity at night and psychological resilience during daytime.
Access to postpartum tubal ligation services in Cape Town, South Africa – an observational study
Authors: Vorster Miliça , Patel Malika , Petro Gregory
Published: April 2022

Background:Many women receiving antenatal care in public health services in Cape Town choose bilateral tubal ligation as their preferred method of postpartum contraception during their antenatal course. If the sterilization does not occur immediately, these women are discharged on an alternative form of contraception and ideally an interval date for bilateral tubal ligation is arranged. We aimed to assess the access to tubal ligation services in the Metro West area of Cape Town, South Africa, in women who request permanent contraception following delivery, looking specifically at the number of women requesting bilateral tubal ligation who receive the procedure intrapartum, immediately postpartum or as an interval procedure. Other objectives included determining the reproductive outcomes if bilateral tubal ligation was not performed, investigating the alternative forms of contraception provided and to study the demographics of the population requesting bilateral tubal ligation as a form of contraception.Methods: The study was conducted as a cross sectional observational study collecting data over a period of 3 months, from June 2019 – August 2019. Maternity Case Records for deliveries between June 2019 and August 2019 from 4 facilities were reviewed. The facilities, representing all levels of care, included: Vanguard MOU, Wesfleur Hospital (District Hospital), New Somerset Hospital (Regional Hospital), Groote Schuur Hospital (Tertiary Hospital).Results: There were 260 women who requested tubal ligation as their choice of contraception. Only 50% of women received a tubal ligation. Of the 131 tubal ligations performed, 2 were interval sterilizations. Ninety-one percent of the tubal ligations (120/131) were done at the time of caesarean section. Of the 129 women who received alternative forms of contraception 13 women had recurrent pregnancies.Conclusions: The study suggests that only 50% of women requesting tubal ligation as form of contraception actually end up receiving the procedure. Alternative forms of contraception are widely used and relied upon, but not without risks of recurrent pregnancies. Interval tubal ligation is not easily accessed by those women who were referred for the procedure.
Li-O2 Battery Discharge Redox Mediation by Triarylmethyl Cations
Authors: Askins Erik , Zoric Marija , Amine Rachid , Amine Khalil , Glusac Ksenija
Published: April 2022

Low discharge capacities resulting from electronically insulating Li2O2 film growth on carbon electrodes is a major impediment to Li-O2 battery commercialization. Redox mediation is an effective strategy to drive oxygen chemistry into solution, avoiding surface-mediated Li2O2 film growth and extending discharge lifetimes. However, in order to continue improving upon prior research, exploration of more redox mediators and discovery of new redox mediator selection criteria is required. Herein, we report a new class of triarylmethyl cations which are effective at enhancing discharge capacities up to 26-fold. We observe that more positive redox mediator reduction potentials, and thus more sluggish kinetics for reaction of redox mediator and oxygen, leads to larger discharge capacities because of their improved ability to suppress the surface-mediated reduction pathway. Furthermore, we find that redox mediation may be achieved with redox mediator reduction potentials significantly more positive than what has been explored, an insight which should help guide future redox mediator exploration.
Revealing the dynamic evolution of Li filaments within solid electrolytes by operando small-angle neutron scattering
Authors: Yang Jinghao , Mo Fangjie , Hu Jiaming , Li Shuyang , Huang Lizhao , Fang Fang , Sun Dalin , Sun Guangai , Wang Fei , Song Yun
Published: April 2022

Lithium dendrites (filaments) propagation in the solid electrolyte (SEs) leading to short circuits is one of the biggest obstacles to the application of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). Due to the lacking of operando techniques that can provide nano-scale spatial resolution, the insufficient knowledge of the lithium dendrite growth inside SEs makes it difficult to suppress dendrite formation. To reveal the mechanism of Li filament growth in SEs, we achieved real-time monitoring of the nanoscale Li filament growth by operando small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) in a Cu|LLZNO|Li cell. On continuous plating, Li filament growth is not simply an accumulation of Li, but there is a dynamic evolution due to the competition between Li filament formation and self-healing. This dynamic evolution of Li filaments has been proved to be prevalent in typical SEs. With the aid of simulations and experiments, this dynamic competition was demonstrated to be highly dependent on the temperature variation. The enhanced self-healing ability of Li at elevated temperatures plays a positive role in suppressing Li filament formation. The cycle life of the cell was improved by heat therapy, which provided a brand-new insight for suppressing Li filament formation. Operando SANS with high Li sensitivity and high spatial resolution provides a new platform for investigating Li filaments in SEs.
Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, to explore the molecular mechanism of Sedum sarmentosum affecting atherosclerosis by interfering with MMP-2 related signal pathway
Authors: Liu Zhe , Yang Qintong , Fang Yudong
Published: April 2022

By matching 333 Sedum sarmentosum targets with 2072 atheromatosis targets, 175 overlapping targets were screened, and MMP-2 was determined as one of the core targets. Gene functions are mainly involved in lipid metabolism, energy pathways, signal transduction, and so on. PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, Arachidonic acid metabolism, Rap1 signaling pathway, etc. may be the key pathways for Sedum sarmentosum treatment of atheromatosis. Sedum sarmentosum has great potential to be developed as a drug and targets various genes and pathways to play a role in the treatment of atheromatosis.