bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationships Between Physical Function and Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Aizawa Junya , Hirohata Kenji , Ohji Shunsuke , Ohmi Takehiro , Mitomo Sho , Koga Hideyuki , Yagishita Kazuyoshi
Published: December 2021

Background: Information about specific factors of physical function that contribute to psychological readiness is needed to plan rehabilitation for a return to sports. The purpose of this study was to identify specific physical functions related to the psychological readiness of patients aiming to return to sports 6 months after reconstruction. We hypothesized that the knee strength is a factor related to the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Return to Sport After Injury Scale (ACL-RSI) cutoff score for a return to sports at 2 years after reconstruction.Methods: Fifty-four patients who had undergone primary reconstruction using hamstring tendon participated in this study. Psychological readiness was measured using the ACL-RSI in patients at 6 months after reconstruction. To identify specific physical functions related to the ACL-RSI score, participants were divided into groups with ACL-RSI scores of ³60 or <60. Non-paired t-tests or the Mann-Whitney test were performed to analyze group differences in objective variables in physical function: 1) knee strength in both legs; 2) leg anterior reach distance on both sides; and 3) single-leg hop (SLH) distances in three directions for both legs.Results: Significant differences between groups were identified in knee flexion strength (60°/s) for the uninvolved limb, hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio (60°/s) for the uninvolved limb, knee flexion strength (180°/s) for the involved limb, limb symmetry index (LSI) of leg anterior reach distance, the ratio of the distance to the height of the patient and LSI of SLH distances in lateral and medial directions. Conclusion: This study revealed that at 6 months after reconstruction, increased knee flexion strength (Ratio of the peak torque measured to the body mass of the patient), hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio, leg anterior reach distance LSI, and lateral and medial SLH appear important to exceed the ACL-RSI cutoff for a return to sports at 2 years after reconstruction. The present results may be useful for planning post-operative rehabilitation for long-term return to sports after reconstruction.
Optimising peak energy reduction in networks of buildings
Authors: Poghosyan Anush , McCullen Nick , Natarajan Sukumar
Published: December 2021

Buildings are amongst the world's largest energy consumers and simultaneous peaks in demand from networks of buildings can decrease electricity system stability.
Current mitigation measures either entail wasteful supply-side over-specification or complex centralised demand-side control.
Here, we investigate a new schema for decentralised, self-organising building-to-building load coordination that requires very little information and no direct intervention.
We find that the theoretically optimal size for load-coordination networks can be surprisingly small, analogous to other complex systems such as coordination between flocks of birds.
The schema outperforms existing techniques, giving substantial peak-reductions as well as being remarkably robust to changes in other system parameters such as the network topology.
This not only demonstrates that significant reductions in network peaks are achievable using remarkably simple control systems but also reveals theoretical results and new insights which which will be of great interest to the complexity and network science communities.
Eco-Assessment of Streams of Konya Closed River Basin (Turkey) Using Various Ecoregional Diatom Indices
Authors: Çelekli Abuzer , Lekesiz Ömer , Çetin Tolga
Published: December 2021

Ecological assessments of freshwater ecosystems based on diatom metrics are an important issue to attain environmental sustainability. The present study aimed to evaluate differences in the diatom-stressors relationship in relatively least disturbed streams in the Konya closed river basin using multivariate analyses and to bio-assess streams by application of different ecoregional diatom indices. Cocconeis euglypta, Cymbella excisa, Cocconeis placentula, and Achnanthidium minutissimum are the most contributing species to the dissimilarity of sampling stations between rainy and dry seasons and also between altitude (A2 800-<1600 m and A3 ≥1600 m) groups. A strong (82.8%) correlation between diatom species and stressors was expressed by the first two axes of canonical correspondence analysis. Diatom species displayed distinct responses to environmental variables (electrical conductivity, Ni, Cu, B, and altitude) playing important roles on the distribution of diatom species. Diatom indices indicated different ecological statuses of stations from a bad to a high. European diatom indices except Duero Diatom Index-DDI and Trophic Diatom Index-TDI showed well responses to the eco-assessment of streams and indicated high ecological status for the least disturbed sampling stations symbolized as S16, S20, S24, S25, S27-29, S37, and 39. These results were also supported by abiotic evaluation. Among diatom indices, although TIT was more competitive in the bio-assessment of streams, it is necessary to increase its species list by determining their trophic weights in future studies. This indicates that the revision of ecoregional specific diatom metrics with the enhancement of diatom species numbers according to their ecological preferences is needed to correctly interpret the water quality.
Reduced Irrigation during Orchard Establishment Conserves Water and Maintains Yield for Three Cider Apple Cultivars
Authors: Kendall Aidan , Miles Carol A. , Alexander Travis R. , Scheenstra Edward , LaHue Gabriel T.
Published: December 2021

Irrigation water productivity is a priority for sustainable orchard management as water resources become more limiting. This study evaluated reduced irrigation (RI) as a management strategy for cider apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) production in 2019 and 2020 in northwestern Washington, which has a Mediterranean climate and averages 14.1 cm of precipitation from June to September. RI was evaluated on three cider apple cultivars, Dabinett, Porter’s Perfection, and Golden Russet, in their third and fourth leaf. Stem water potential (stem ψ) was measured weekly throughout the growing season to monitor water stress and implement the RI treatment: irrigation would be applied when stem ψ values dropped below −1.5 MPa, a threshold indicative of moderate water stress in apples. Soil water potential was monitored throughout the season, vegetative growth was assessed by measuring shoot length and non-destructive imaging of the plant canopy using lateral photography, and yield, fruit quality, and juice quality were measured at harvest. Moderate water stress as indicated by stem ψ did not occur either year, thus irrigation was never applied to the RI treatment plots. There was a negative relationship between average stem ψ and both yield and air temperature (P < 0.0001 for each); as yield increased by 5.9 kg per tree or temperature increased by 3.3 °C, stem ψ decreased by 0.1 MPa. The juice quality attributes of the three cultivars in this study were similar to their historic measures at this site and there were no differences due to irrigation treatment, likely because trees did not reach the threshold to induce physiological stress. Both years, trees in the RI treatment did not differ from the control treatment in vegetative growth, fruit yield, juice yield, or any juice quality attribute, but weight per fruit decreased by 7 g, and fruit firmness (measured only in 2020) increased by 2 N. Results from this study indicate that fruit yield and quality in an establishing orchard can be maintained when irrigation is reduced relative to crop water requirements that are estimated from a calculated water balance or relative to conventional grower practices for this region. This finding highlights the benefits of using plant water status to schedule irrigation.
Conserved momenta of ferromagnetic solitons through the prism of differential geometry
Authors: Di Xingjian , Tchernyshyov Oleg
Published: December 2021

The relation between symmetries and conservation laws for solitons in
a ferromagnet is complicated by the presence of gyroscopic
(precessional) forces, whose description in the Lagrangian framework
involves a background gauge field. This makes canonical momenta
gauge-dependent and requires a careful application of Noether’s theorem.
We show that Cartan’s theory of differential forms is a natural language
for this task. We use it to derive conserved momenta of the
Belavin–Polyakov skyrmion, whose symmetries include translation, global
spin rotation, and dilation.
Banking crises and financial instability: Empirical and historical lessons
Authors: Honningdal Grytten Ola
Published: December 2021

The paper examines the importance of financial instability for the development of four Norwegian banking crises. The crises are the Post First World War Crisis during the early 1920s, the mid 1920s Monetary Crisis, the Great Depression in the 1930s, and the Scandinavian Banking Crisis of 1987–1993. The paper first offers a description of the financial instability hypothesis applied by Minsky and Kindleberger, and in a recent dynamic financial crisis model. Financial instability is defined as a lack of financial markets and institutions that provide capital and liquidity at a sustainable level under stress. Financial instability basically evolves during times of overheating, overspending and extended credit granting. This is most common during significant booms. The process has devastating effects after markets have turned into a state of negative development.The paper tests the validity of the financial instability hypothesis using a quantitative structural time series model. It reveals upheaval of 10 financial and macroeconomic indicators prior to all the four crises, resulting in a state of economic overheating and asset bubble creation. This is basically explained by huge growth in debts. The overheating caused the following banking crises. Finally, the paper discusses the four crises qualitatively. Again, the conclusion is that a significant increase in money supply and debt caused overheating, asset bubbles, and thereafter, financial and banking crises, which in turn spread to other markets and industries and caused huge slumps in the real economy.
The system of international legal security of road-traffic safety
Authors: Kolodyazhny Maksym Hennadiiovych
Published: December 2021

The article attempts to systematize international legal acts in the field of road-traffic safety. Its current state in the world is outlined. The general methodological bases of knowledge of a problem of the international legal security in the studied field are specified. Some components of the research methodology are directly identified in the system of international legal security in this area. Based upon the features of the system of legislation that takes place in the theory of law, a number of characteristic features of the system of international legal security of transport safety. This made it possible to offer an author's definition of this concept. The system of international legal security of road-traffic safety is represented by the classification of relevant international documents adopted during the last 70 years by the UN, WHO and other international institutions. Their division is carried out on the subject of legal regulation in the general field of road-traffic safety. This made it possible to identify eight groups of international legal acts: as for the formation of a global road-traffic safety policy; the creation of uniform traffic rules; in the field of passenger transportation and passenger transport; in the field of cargo transportation; in the field of accident prevention; in the field of road-traffic safety of youth; as for the road transport infrastructure; as for the punishment of persons for criminal offenses in the field of road-traffic safety and transport operation. Proposals are made for possible supplementation of the existing conventions taking into account the current state of development of the transport industry and the introduction of new technologies.
Subjective side of "Concealment of a crime" (Article 396 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) and its impact on qualifications
Authors: Hud Tetiana Mykolaivna
Published: December 2021

The article considers the current problems that arise during the qualification "Concealment of a crime" (Article 397 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), in particular on the basis of the subjective side. The problem of the correct qualification of a criminal offense depends on the correct establishment of all the features of the criminal offense, among which the greatest complexity are the features of the subjective side. To do this, it is necessary to disclose the content and characteristics of the subjective side, its mandatory features, and to determine the significance of the characteristics of the subjective side of the crime for the criminal assessment of the offense. The subjective side is a mandatory element of any criminal offense. Among its features are guilt, motive and purpose of the criminal offense.
The analysis of judicial practice, scientific works gives the chance to develop scientific knowledge concerning the outlined question and to draw the following conclusions. The subjective side of concealment of a crime (Article 396 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) is characterized by guilt exclusively in the form of direct intent.
The qualification of concealment of a crime can be significantly affected by a person's legal or factual error. Motive and purpose are optional features of the composition of concealment of the crime, they do not affect the qualification of the perpetrator, but must be considered by the court in sentencing. At the same time, the selfish motive of concealment of a crime has a great social danger, but fixing it in the tort under investigation is considered inexpedient, as it may complicate the distinction between concealment of a crime committed for selfish motives and acquisition, receipt, storage or sale of criminally obtained property.
The significance of the subjective side and its features for qualification is determined. The paper reveals the features of subjective signs of concealment of a crime on the basis of the provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Examples from judicial practice are analyzed.
About system legislative viruses and social foundations of creating a new system of the Criminal Code of Ukraine
Authors: Kyrychko Vasyl Mykolaiovych
Published: December 2021

The article contains critical remarks about the draft of the new system of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which is presented for discussion by its developers and is characterized by the presence of many new provisions. It is established that this system has significant shortcomings, which are associated with the incorrect reflection in the content of criminal law norms of the essential social features of crimes.
To identify such shortcomings in the system of criminal law, the concept of "system legislative viruses" is highlighted and the need to have protection against such viruses in the system is substantiated. The necessity to distinguish between the legislative virus, the negative consequences of which in the form of human rights violations are local in nature, and the system legislative virus, the negative consequences of which are large-scale, is substantiated. Legislative viruses that result in violation of the principle of proportionality between punishment and social characteristics of acts are analyzed.
 Proposals for improving the system of the Criminal Code of Ukraine have been formulated. In particular, they concern the use of the category "public danger", which must perform a human rights function in the system of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is proposed to classify crimes using the social values ​​they encroach on and the extent of the damage that has been or may be caused. Emphasis is placed on the need to allocate at the law enforcement level the severity (danger) of the crime: 1) with particularly mitigating circumstances, 2) with mitigating circumstances, 3) without mitigating and aggravating circumstances, 4) with aggravating circumstances and 6) with especially aggravating circumstances. The court must impose penalties based on these degrees and the legal restrictions associated with them.
The necessity of providing legal certainty on the social basis of criminal liability and restriction of rights for committing a crime, as well as on the legislative assessment of cases of simultaneous commission of several crimes and the rules of their qualification is substantiated.
It is proposed to supplement the Criminal Code of Ukraine with Article 2-1 "Rule of Law", which will ensure justice in cases of errors made by the legislator and in other cases where there is a discrepancy between formal legal requirements and social characteristics of the crime.
FROM BIOPOLITICS TO THE PRECARITY OF COMMODIFIED BODIES, OR THE APOGUE OF PERFORMANCE
Authors: Meliakova Yuliia , Zhdanenko Svetlana , Kal’nitskij Eduard
Published: December 2021

The article presents a philosophical study of the social, political, legal, labor, cultural and anthropological status of a person in modern conditions of informatization, economic liberalism, limited employment, post-democracy, visual culture and a pandemic. The growth of the precariat is regarded as a catalyst for the movement of opposite vectors: the activities of the power and the performative actionism of political subjects. As the optimal integrative tactics of a person of late capitalism, his bodily and spiritual self-exploitation is considered.
Sistem Telemetri Kadar Keasaman, Suhu air dan Cahaya Ruang Berbasis NodeMCU ESP 8266 pada Budidaya Tanaman Hidropronik
Authors: Wibowo Nur Cahyo Hendro , . Danang , Suasana Iman Saufik , Safiyan Hudha Pratna
Published: December 2021

Budi daya hidroponik menjadi alternatif pilihan bagi masyarakat, selain itu hidroponik adalah salah satu cara untuk menanam tanaman dalam skala besar tanpa memerlukan lahan yang sangat cocok untuk dibudidayakan didaerah perkotaan. Namun, sistem ini mempunyai beberapa kekurangan yaitu, hidroponik sangat membutuhkan lingkungan yang terkontrol, terutama adalah diperlukannya pemantauan derajat keasaman air, suhu air, dan kepekatan nutrisi air perlu di pantau dan di kontrol untuk menghindari penurunan kualitas tanaman hingga layunya tanaman, sehingga diperlukan solusi untuk memantau kondisi tanaman dan kontrol secara otomatis. Hidroponik akan dipasang mikrokontroler yang terhubung ke internet melalui aplikasi blynk mikrokontroler akan mengirim data mengenai kondisi air ke aplikasi smartphone android secara realtime. Selain dari itu dikembangkan sistem kontrol manual dan otomatis untuk mengontrol pH air, ketinggian air, suhu dan kelembaban agar sesuai dengan kondisi yang optimal bagi tumbuhan.
ON FILOZOFÓWNA’S CRITICISM OF BLAUSTEIN’S PHENOMENOLOGY OF AESTHETIC EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Institute of Philosophy, PŁOTKA WITOLD
Published: December 2021

Phenomenology originates in a critical assessment of descriptive psychology. In this regard, scholars emphasize mainly the problem of psychologism. Yet, the question of a methodological divide between both approaches is rather at the margins of contemporary scholarship. In the present paper, I analyze and discuss the 1931–32 debate held by Irena Filozofówna and Leopold Blaustein as a case study of the phenomenology-psychology divide. The debate addresses the structure of aesthetic experience, as well as a methodological background for describing psychic life. My main task is to present arguments, concepts, and methodologies of the opposing positions. To do so, in Sect. (1) I outline biographical sketches of Filozofówna and Blaustein. They were members of the Lvov-Warsaw School, but they presented different approaches: whereas Filozofówna advocated descriptive and experimental psychology, Blaustein—educated not only by Twardowski, but also by Ingarden, and Husserl—referred to the phenomenological tradition too. Sect. (2) summarizes Blaustein’s phenomenological aesthetics. His approach consists in analyzing aesthetic experience as a combination of nonreducible presentations. His key observation is that different types of art require different presentations, say, imaginative, schematic, or symbolic. In Sect. (3), I analyze Filozofówna’s criticism of this approach. Her main argument consists in emphasizing judgments as a necessary element of every lived experience. She claims that Blaustein comprehends acts as intentional, i.e., as presenting their objects as “such and such,” but by doing so, he confuses presentations with judgments. In this section I follow Blaustein’s replies to Filozofówna’s criticism. In Sect. (4), I analyze Filozofówna’s argument that Blaustein adopted an ineffective method, since he was too hasty in accepting unjustified hypotheses. In Sect. (5), I ask about a theoretical background of Filozofówna’s criticism, and I juxtapose both positions.
Towards an Epistemology of Reading: Defining the Process of Reading in Modern Terms
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of English, Pondicherry University, Puducherry. Assistant Professor, Department of English and Cultural Studies (BGR Campus), CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, D M Arun
Published: December 2021

The chaotic space caused by information explosion in present times has made the process and purpose of reading to be always questioned. Technological advancement has made reading appear as a mere mockery at the very outset. But the world still prioritizes knowledge that is acquired through observation, valuation and interpretation. At the time of Big Data, there still persists a sense of agency to define a given information as episteme. The present essay emphasizes on looking at reading as a modern phenomenon by presupposing the epistemological presence at the centre of any rational pursuit. Based on the Kantian precepts on enlightenment, the paper attempts to understand this presence of knowledge by delving into the major disciplines of modern philosophy that help in observing, valuing and interpreting the act of reading in present times. More than laying terms for defining the text within the modern space, the study essentializes reading in a virtually driven algorithmic world.
Only ‘Time’ will ‘Tell’: Influence of temporality on the interpretation of narrative discourses
Authors:   PhD Research Scholar, Centre for Linguistics, Jawaharlal Nehru University., Biswas Debmalya
Published: December 2021

The notion of language has been broadly understood in different ways with respect to existing literatures revolving around form, meaning, sound & context. Although overtly these understandings do try to integrate with the functionality of a complex organic system, they glaringly lack reference to the basis for its realization, i.e., time. Approaches to problematize the understanding of language have overlooked the issue of time. Temporality introduces a distinct fuzziness in qualitative and abstract expressions beyond just the action or the state. It is also evident in the context of names in a diachronic sense. A systematic exploration of this gap can lead us to a time-oriented understanding of the faculty of language.
Examining the Shifting Paradigms of Bhakti and Sanskrit Literature through Devotional Poetry of Jayadeva and Dadu
Authors:   Postdoctoral Researcher (Sociolinguistics, Indian Council of Social Science Research, New Delhi). The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Swami Aditi , Dhariwal Manju ,   Postdoctoral Researcher (Sociolinguistics, Indian Council of Social Science Research, New Delhi). The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Published: December 2021

The wave of the Bhakti movement significantly affected India for over a period of twelve centuries. Considering that it left inerasable impressions on the history and culture of the land, this research paper argues that what only imbibed the feeling of pure devotion also became a tool in the hands of those who were desirous of radical religious, political and social changes. To prove this, the paper undertakes the translation of Dadu Dayal’s Sanskrit compositions. Additionally, the paper also questions the very model of Bhaktikal (the Age of Devotional Literature), propagated by the scholars of Hindi Literature, which divides it into two distinct theological categories, Sagun and Nirgun. By examining the devotional poetry of Jayadeva Goswami and Dadu Dayal, and their sectarian positions, it demonstrates that the proponents of the two diametrically opposite schools of Bhakti did not always honour such a distinction for bhakti’s spirit is above such schisms.
A importância da proteção da propriedade intelectual
Authors: Cavalcante Fabrício José Nóbrega
Published: December 2021

A Inovação é essencial para o progresso e o desenvolvimento da sociedade moderna. Inovar é manter constante, a busca pelo conhecimento e sua transformação em benefício à sociedade. Deste modo, as invenções devem ser fomentadas para que a evolução e a aplicação do conhecimento sejam constantes e tenham aplicações reais em prol de um bem comum. Neste contexto, a Engenharia tem papel fundamental no processo, com a aplicação de conhecimentos técnicos, científicos ou empíricos, em busca de benefício e soluções de problemas diversos.
Synthesis of Rutin Derivatives to Enhance Lipid Solubility and Development
of Topical Formulation with a Validated Analytical Method
Authors: Abualhasan Murad , Assali Mohyeddin , Mahmoud Abeer , Zaid Abdel Naser , Malkieh Numan
Published: December 2021

Background:

Rutin is available on the market as a topical formulation for the treatment
of several conditions, such as internal bleeding, hemorrhoids, and varicose veins. However, these
gels have low solubility and limited bioavailability due to their decreased lipid solubility.

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to synthesize potentially novel lipophilic rutin prodrugs. The
suggested library of these rutin prodrugs includes changing the solubility profile to facilitate rutin
transport across biological barriers, thereby improving drug delivery through topical application.

Methods:

Six rutin derivatives were synthesized based on the ester prodrug strategy. The synthesized
compounds were formulated as topical ointments, and their permeability via Franz diffusion
was measured. An ultraviolet (UV) analytical method was developed in our laboratories to quantify
rutin derivatives both as raw materials and in final dosage forms. The analytical method was then
validated.

Results:

The results of Franz diffusion analyses showed that transdermal permeability increased by
10_Fo.jpgl height=""d for decaacetylated rutin compared to the other esterified rutins. A simple analytical
method for the analysis of the formulated rutin ester was developed and validated. Moreover,
the formulated ointment of decaacetylated rutin in our research laboratory was found to be stable
under stability accelerated conditions. Synthesis of potentially more lipophilic compounds
would yield novel rutin prodrugs suitable for topical formulation.

Conclusion:

This project provides a synthetic approach for many similar natural products. The research
idea and strategy followed in this research project could be adapted by pharmaceutical and
herbal establishments.
Boesenbergia Pandurata as an Anti-Breast Cancer Agent: Molecular Docking
and ADMET Study
Authors: Pratama Mohammad Rizki  Fadhil , Praditapuspa Ersanda Nurma , Kesuma Dini , Poerwono Hadi , Widiandani Tri , Siswodihardjo Siswandono
Published: December 2021

Background:

Boesenbergia pandurata or fingerroot is known to have various pharmacological
activities, including anticancer properties. Extracts from these plants are known to inhibit the growth of
cancer cells, including breast cancer. Anti-breast cancer activity is significantly influenced by the inhibition
of two receptors: ER-α and HER2. However, it is unknown which metabolites of B. pandurata play
the most crucial role in exerting anticancer activity.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the metabolites of B. pandurata with the best potential as ER-α
and HER2 inhibitors.

Method:

The method used was molecular docking of several B. pandurata metabolites to ER-α and
HER2 receptors, followed by an ADMET study of several metabolites with the best docking results.

Results:

The docking results showed eight metabolites with the best docking results for the two receptors
based on the docking score and ligand-receptor interactions. Of these eight compounds, compounds 11
((2S)-7,8-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(4''-methyl-3''-pentenyl)-8-phenyl-2H,6H-benzo(1,2-b-5,4-
b')dipyran-6-one) and 34 (geranyl-2,4-dihydroxy-6-phenethylbenzoate) showed the potential to inhibit
both receptors. Both ADMET profiles also showed mixed results; however, there is a possibility of further
development.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the metabolites of B. pandurata, especially compounds 11 and 34, can be
developed as anti-breast cancer agents by inhibiting ER-α and HER2.
2-Substituted Benzoxazoles as Potent Anti-Inflammatory Agents:
Synthesis, Molecular Docking and In vivo Anti-Ulcerogenic Studies
Authors: Hamid Iqra , Nadeem Humaira , Ansari Sameen Fatima , Khiljee Sonia , Abbasi Inzamam , Bukhari Asma , Arif Muazzam , Imran Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Background:

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the commonly used
therapeutic interventions of inflammation and pain that competitively inhibit the cyclooxygenase
(COX) enzymes. Several side effects like gastrointestinal and renal toxicities are associated with the
use of these drugs. The therapeutic anti-inflammatory benefits of NSAIDs are produced by the inhibition
of COX-2 enzymes, while undesirable side effects arise from the inhibition of COX-1 enzymes.

Objectives:

In the present study, a new series of 2-substituted benzoxazole derivatives 2(a-f) and 3(ae)
were synthesized in our lab as potent anti-inflammatory agents with outstanding gastro-protective
potential. The new analogs 2(a-f) and 3(a-e) were designed depending upon the literature review to
serve as ligands for the development of selective COX-2 inhibitors.

Methods:

The synthesized analogs were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques
(FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR) and elemental analysis. All synthesized compounds were screened for
their binding potential in the protein pocket of COX-2 and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory
potential in animals using the carrageenan-induced paw edema method. Further 5 compounds were
selected to assess the in vivo anti-ulcerogenic activity in an ethanol-induced anti-ulcer rat model.

Results:

Five compounds (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b and 3c) exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity and
significant binding potential in the COX-2 protein pocket. Similarly, these five compounds demonstrated
a significant gastro-protective effect (**p<0.01) in comparison to the standard drug, Omeprazole.

Conclusion:

Depending upon our results, we hypothesize that 2-substituted benzoxazole derivatives
have excellent potential to serve as candidates for the development of selective anti-inflammatory
agents (COX-2 inhibitors). However, further assessments are required to delineate their underlying
mechanisms.
Adherence to Personal Protective Equipment Against Infectious Diseases Among Healthcare Workers in Arak-Iran
Authors: Harorani Mehdi , Ghaffari Kazem , Jadidi Ali , Hezave Ali Khanmohamadi , Davodabadi Fahimeh , Barati Niloofar , Amini Saeed
Published: December 2021

Background:

Occupational exposure to blood and body secretions poses a significant risk of COVID-19, HIV, HCV, and HBV among healthcare workers (HCWs). Assessment of this exposure is necessary for optimized planning and policy-making measures. This study aimed to assess the exposure to occupational risk factors among emergency HCWs.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was performed on HCWs working in 3 educational hospitals affiliated with Arak University of Medical Sciences. The study sample included all HCWs working in emergency wards who met inclusion criteria. The data were collected using a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed through analytical tests in SPSS software.

Results:

The 116 studied HCWs included 97 nurses and 19 physicians and medical specialties. The mean age was 31.06 with 4.7 years of work experience (207.8 hours per month) in working at the patient bedside. The results indicated that needlestick injuries have a significant positive and negative relationship with job history (p=0.001) and month-averaged working hours (p=0.012), respectively. 96.6% stated that wearing gloves is not necessary, 59.9% stated that they do not use protective glasses due to a decrease in their vision, while 50% did not use gowns due to the lack of gowns in the ward. 63.8%, 57.8%, 50%, 63.8%, 56% and 54.3% of the participants expressed shift work, a high number of hospitalized patients in the crowded ward, the need for high-speed working, high working load, an increase in working hours, and low working consent as the most important factors leading to an increment in blood transmitted diseases, respectively.

Conclusion:

It is necessary to design national surveillance systems to report exposed cases and develop measures and strategic plans considering the high effects of exposure to blood and body secretions.
Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Suicide in
Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Penadés Rafael , Forte Florencia , Mezquida Gisela , González-Rodríguez Alexandre , García-Rizo Clemente , Catalán Rosa , Bernardo Miguel
Published: December 2021

Background:

Suicide is probably one of the worst potential complications
for people with schizophrenia. Even though the use of antipsychotic medication
is essential in reducing suicidal behaviour, the use of psychological treatments
seems to be in the same way necessary. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
(CBT) is an evidence-based form of psychotherapy that is constantly trying to
synchronise with the latest recommendations from the research. The goal of the
present work is to systematically review the scientific evidence from published
studies testing the effectiveness of CBT designed to deal with suicide in patients
with schizophrenia.

Methods:

We searched using multiple terms related to suicide prevention based
on CBT in schizophrenia. Two databases (Medline and SCOPUS) were scrutinised
for the electronic search, and different reference lists from previous reviews
were also hand-checked.

Results:

We identified 5 randomised and controlled trials of CBT that included
suicide-related cognitions or behaviours as a primary outcome measure. CBT focusing
on suicidal cognitions and behaviours was found to be effective in reducing
suicidal ideation. As the number of studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria is
small, and the assessment of outcomes is heterogeneous, we did not perform a
meta-analysis and present results in a narrative way.

Conclusion:

Research on CBT focused on suicide prevention in patients with
schizophrenia is promising, but current evidence is notoriously insufficient. Although
those therapies seemed to be efficacious in the prevention of suicide,
scarcity of randomised clinical trials specifically focusing on suicide is probably
the most important issue to be faced. Given the current evidence, clinicians
should be familiar with CBT techniques focusing on suicidal cognitions. However,
suicide prevention and treatment in those with schizophrenia is complex, and
many other factors such as possible earlier use of clozapine, optimizing adherence
to medication, and other psychosocial aspects should be addressed. A combination
of different strategies appears to be mandatory.
Overview on Oscillating Water Column Devices
Authors: Falcão A.F.O.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Oscillating-water-column (OWC) converters, of fixed structure or floating, are an important class of wave energy devices. A large part of wave energy converter prototypes deployed so far into the sea are of OWC type. The paper presents a review of recent advances in OWC technology, including sea-tested prototypes and plants, new concepts, air turbines, model testing techniques and control.
Consistent Modal Calibration of a Pendulum-Type Vibration Absorber
Authors: Høgsberg J.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Pendulum absorbers are installation in offshore wind turbines to mitigate excessive vibration amplitudes from wind and wave loading. The pendulum damper is placed inside the tower and attached to the structure at two distinct points: The tower top, where the pendulum arm is fixated, and at the position of the pendulum mass, which is connected to the tower wall by the damper. The present paper derives a modal calibration principle, which consistently accounts for different points of attachment for the absorber stiffness and damping.
Frequency-Domain Identification of Radiation Forces for Floating Wind Turbines by Moment-Matching
Authors: Peña-Sanchez Y.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The dynamics of a floating structure can be expressed in terms of Cummins’ equation, which is an integro-differential equation of the convolution class. In particular, this convolution operator accounts for radiation forces acting on the structure. Considering that the mere existence of this operator is highly inconvenient due to its excessive computational cost, it is commonly replaced by an approximating parametric model. Recently, the Finite Order Approximation by Moment-Matching (FOAMM) toolbox has been developed within the wave energy literature, allowing for an efficient parameterisation of this radiation force convolution term, in terms of a state-space representation. Unlike other parameterisation strategies, FOAMM is based on an interpolation approach, where the user can select a set of interpolation frequencies where the steady-state response of the obtained parametric representation exactly matches the behaviour of the target system. This paper illustrates the application of FOAMM to a UMaine semi-submersible-like floating structure.
Cradle-to-Grave Life-Cycle Assessment of Cellulosic Fiberboard
Authors:   Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, United States,Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States, Sahoo Kamalakanta , Bergman Richard ,   Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, United States, Khatri Poonam ,   Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, United States,Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400019, India
Published: December 2021

According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the construction and operation of buildings accounted for nearly 38% of total global energy-related CO₂ emissions in 2019. The construction sector has been striving to use more low-carbon footprint building products to mitigate climate change and enhance environmentally preferable purchasing. Over the last several decades, there has been substantial growth in engineered wood products for the construction industry. To assess these products used in construction for their environmental profile, lifecycle assessments (LCAs) are performed. This study performed an LCA to estimate environmental impacts (cradle-to-gate and gate-to-grave) of cellulosic fiberboard (CFB) per m³ functional unit basis. The lifecycle inventory data developed were representative of CFB production in North America. Overall, the cradle-to-grave LCA results per m3 of CFB were estimated at 305 kg CO₂ e global warming (GW), 19.3 kg O₃ e photochemical smog formation, 1.03 kg SO₂ e acidification, 0.33 kg N e eutrophication, and 415 MJ fossil-fuel depletion. Except for smog formation, most environmental impacts of CFB were from cradle-to-gate. For example, 71% and 29% of total GW impacts were from cradle-to-gate and gate-to-grave lifecycle stages, respectively. The sensitivity analysis showed that reducing transport distance, on-site electricity use, natural gas for drying, and starch additives in the manufacturing phase had the most influence. Around 353 kg CO₂ e/m³ of CFB is stored as long-term carbon during CFB’s life which is higher than the total cradle-to-grave greenhouse gases (CO₂ e) emissions. Thus, the net negative GW impact of CFB (-47 kg CO₂ e/m³ of CFB) asserted its environmental advantages as an engineered wood panel construction material. Overall, the findings of the presented study would prove useful for improving the decision-making in the construction sector.
Control Centre for Intensive Care as a Tool for Effective Coordination, Real-Time Monitoring, and Strategic Planning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Komenda Martin , Černý Vladimír , Šnajdárek Petr , Karolyi Matěj , Hejný Miloš , Panoška Petr , Jarkovský Jiří , Gregor Jakub , Bulhart Vojtěch , Šnajdrová Lenka , Májek Ondřej , Vymazal Tomáš , Blatný Jan , Dušek Ladislav
Published: December 2021

In the Czech Republic, the strategic data-based and organizational support for individual regions and for providers of acute care at the nationwide level is coordinated by the Ministry of Health. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the country needed to very quickly implement a system for the monitoring, reporting, and overall management of hospital capacities. The aim of this viewpoint is to describe the purpose and basic functions of a web-based application named “Control Centre for Intensive Care,” which was developed and made available to meet the needs of systematic online technical support for the management of intensive inpatient care across the Czech Republic during the first wave of the pandemic in spring 2020. Two tools of key importance are described in the context of national methodology: one module for regular online updates and overall monitoring of currently free capacities of intensive care in real time, and a second module for online entering and overall record-keeping of requirements on medications for COVID-19 patients. A total of 134 intensive care providers and 927 users from hospitals across all 14 regions of the Czech Republic were registered in the central Control Centre for Intensive Care database as of March 31, 2021. This web-based application enabled continuous monitoring and decision-making during the mass surge of critical care from autumn 2020 to spring 2021. The Control Center for Intensive Care has become an indispensable part of a set of online tools that are employed on a regular basis for crisis management at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Smokers’ Likelihood to Engage With Information and Misinformation on Twitter About the Relative Harms of e-Cigarette Use: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Jessica , Wright Caroline , Williams Philippa , Elizarova Olga , Dahne Jennifer , Bian Jiang , Zhao Yunpeng , Tan Andy S L
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Information and misinformation on the internet about e-cigarette harms may increase smokers’ misperceptions of e-cigarettes. There is limited research on smokers’ engagement with information and misinformation about e-cigarettes on social media.

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed smokers’ likelihood to engage with—defined as replying, retweeting, liking, and sharing—tweets that contain information and misinformation and uncertainty about the harms of e-cigarettes.

METHODS

We conducted a web-based randomized controlled trial among 2400 UK and US adult smokers who did not vape in the past 30 days. Participants were randomly assigned to view four tweets in one of four conditions: (1) e-cigarettes are as harmful or more harmful than smoking, (2) e-cigarettes are completely harmless, (3) uncertainty about e-cigarette harms, or (4) control (physical activity). The outcome measure was participants’ likelihood of engaging with tweets, which comprised the sum of whether they would reply, retweet, like, and share each tweet. We fitted Poisson regression models to predict the likelihood of engagement with tweets among 974 Twitter users and 1287 non-Twitter social media users, adjusting for covariates and stratified by UK and US participants.

RESULTS

Among Twitter users, participants were more likely to engage with tweets in condition 1 (e-cigarettes are as harmful or more harmful than smoking) than in condition 2 (e-cigarettes are completely harmless). Among other social media users, participants were more likely to likely to engage with tweets in condition 1 than in conditions 2 and 3 (e-cigarettes are completely harmless and uncertainty about e-cigarette harms).

CONCLUSIONS

Tweets stating information and misinformation that e-cigarettes were as harmful or more harmful than smoking regular cigarettes may receive higher engagement than tweets indicating e-cigarettes were completely harmless.

CLINICALTRIAL

International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 16082420; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN16082420
Telerehabilitation’s Safety, Feasibility, and Exercise Uptake in Cancer Survivors: Process Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Dennett Amy , Harding Katherine E , Reimert Jacoba , Morris Rebecca , Parente Phillip , Taylor Nicholas F
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Access to exercise for cancer survivors is poor despite global recognition of its benefits. Telerehabilitation may overcome barriers to exercise for cancer survivors but is not routinely offered.

OBJECTIVE

Following the rapid implementation of an exercise-based telerehabilitation program in response to COVID-19, a process evaluation was conducted to understand the impact on patients, staff, and the health service with the aim of informing future program development.

METHODS

A mixed methods evaluation was completed for a telerehabilitation program for cancer survivors admitted between March and December 2020. Interviews were conducted with patients and staff involved in implementation. Routinely collected hospital data (adverse events, referrals, admissions, wait time, attendance, physical activity, and quality of life) were also assessed. Patients received an 8-week telerehabilitation intervention including one-on-one health coaching via telehealth, online group exercise and education, information portal, and home exercise prescription. Quantitative data were reported descriptively, and qualitative interview data were coded and mapped to the Proctor model for implementation research.

RESULTS

The telerehabilitation program received 175 new referrals over 8 months. Of those eligible, 123 of 150 (82%) commenced the study. There were no major adverse events. Adherence to health coaching was high (674/843, 80% of scheduled sessions), but participation in online group exercise classes was low (n=36, 29%). Patients improved their self-reported physical activity levels by a median of 110 minutes per week (IQR 90-401) by program completion. Patients were satisfied with telerehabilitation, but clinicians reported a mixed experience of pride in rapid care delivery contrasting with loss of personal connections. The average health service cost per patient was Aus $1104 (US $790).

CONCLUSIONS

Telerehabilitation is safe, feasible, and improved outcomes for cancer survivors. Learnings from this study may inform the ongoing implementation of cancer telerehabilitation.