bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Previous Renal Replacement Therapy Time at Start of Peritoneal Dialysis Independently Impact on Peritoneal Membrane Ultrafiltration Failure
Authors: Oliveira Luís , Rodrigues Anabela
Published: September 2011

Background. Peritoneal membrane changes are induced by uraemia per se. We hypothesise that previous renal replacement therapy (RRT) time and residual renal function (RRF) at start of peritoneal dialysis impact on ultrafiltration failure (UFF).Methods. The time course of PET parameters from 123 incident patients, followed for median 26 (4–105) months, was evaluated by mixed linear model. Glucose 3.86% solutions were not used in their standard therapy. Sex, age, diabetes, previous RRT time, RRF, comorbidity score, PD modality and peritonitis episodes were investigated as possible determinants of UFF-free survival.Results. PET parameters remained stable during follow up. CA125 decreased significantly. Inherent UFF was diagnosed in 8 patients, 5 spontaneously recovering. Acquired UFF group presented type I UFF profile with compromised sodium sieving. At baseline they had lower RRF and longer previous time of RRT which remained significantly associated with UFF-free survival by Cox multivariate analysis (HR 0.648 (0.428–0.980),P=0.04) and (HR 1.016 (1.004–1.028),P=0.009, resp.). UFF free survival was 97%, 87% and 83% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively.Conclusions. Inherent UFF is often unpredictable but transitory. On the other hand baseline lower RRF and previous RRT time independently impact on ultrafiltration failure free survival. In spite of these detrimental factors generally stable long-term peritoneal transport parameters is achievable with a 5-year cumulative UFF free survival of 83%. This study adds a further argument for a PD-first policy.
Hepatic Differentiation of Murine Disease-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Allows Disease ModellingIn Vitro
Authors: Eggenschwiler Reto , Loya Komal , Sgodda Malte , André Francoise , Cantz Tobias
Published: September 2011

Direct reprogramming of somatic cells into pluripotent cells by retrovirus-mediated expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and C-MYC is a promising approach to derive disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In this study, we focused on three murine models for metabolic liver disorders: the copper storage disorder Wilson's disease (toxic-milk mice), tyrosinemia type 1 (fumarylacetoacetate-hydrolase deficiency, FAH−/−mice), and alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (PiZ mice). Colonies of iPSCs emerged 2-3 weeks after transduction of fibroblasts, prepared from each mouse strain, and were maintained as individual iPSC lines. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated the expression of endogenous pluripotency markers. Hepatic precursor cells could be derived from these disease-specific iPSCs applying anin vitrodifferentiation protocol and could be visualized after transduction of a lentiviral albumin-GFP reporter construct. Functional characterization of these cells allowed the recapitulation of the disease phenotype for further studies of underlying molecular mechanisms of the respective disease.
Surgery for Lung Herniation: A New Approach for an Old Problem
Authors: Scarci Marco , Billè Andrea , Zahid Imran , Routledge Tom
Published: September 2011

Lung herniation is frequently related to previous chest surgery or thoracic trauma. It can be symptomatic. Surgery with new titanium rib prosthesis is an interesting device to repair the chest wall in order to obtain better cosmetic and physiological results.
Die uitwerking van die onkruiddoder Roundup® op sommige populasies van grondmikrobes
Authors: Marais Anelia , Ferreira Michael I. , Booyse Mardé , Botha Alfred
Published: September 2011

Die glifosaatbevattende onkruiddoder, Roundup®, word wêreldwyd vir onkruidbeheer gebruik. Alhoewel hierdie onkruiddoder beskou word as ‘n lae-toksiese (en dus veilige) produk, heers daar tog kommer oor die langdurige effek daarvan op grondmikrobes, plante, diere en die mens. Verskeie artikels in die meer populêre media en internet verwys na die gevare van Roundup®. Grondmikrobes speel ‘n belangrike rol in die afbraak van landbouchemikalieë. Daar is boere wat sukrose of melasse as ‘n voedselaanvulling vir grondmikrobes gebruik. Sommige boere meng dit ook met onkruiddoders ten einde die moontlike nadelige effek daarvan op voordelige grondmikrobes te verminder, deur hulle van ‘n eenvoudige koolstofbron te voorsien. Die effek van Roundup®, met en sonder die byvoeging van sukrose, is gedurende hierdie ondersoek bepaal met betrekking tot sommige aspekte van die mikrobiologiese gemeenskappe in die grond. Grondmonsters is by drie geleenthede geneem, naamlik voor behandeling, ‘n week daarna en 20 dae daarna. Hierdie grondmonsters is daarrna gebruik vir die meting van kweekbare protosoë (mees-waarskynlike-getal) en metaboliese potensiaal van hoofsaaklik die bakteriese grondgemeenskap (Biolog EcoplateTM), terwyl die filamentagtige groei in situ (versteekte-plaatjie-tegniek) bepaal is. Die byvoeging van suiker het nie ‘n betekenisvolle effek gehad op die werking van die onkruiddoder nie. Terwyl Roundup® wel die metabolisme van die grondbakterieë beduidend verander het, het die bakteriegemeenskap na 20 dae, waarskynlik as gevolg van natuurlike prosesse, herstel.
Increased Copper in Individuals with Autism Normalizes Post Zinc Therapy More Efficiently in Individuals with Concurrent GI Disease
Authors: Russo Anthony J.
Published: September 2011

Aim

To assess plasma zinc and copper concentration in individuals with autism.

Subjects and Methods

Plasma from 79 autistic individuals, and 18 age and gender similar neurotypical controls, were tested for plasma zinc and copper using inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.

Results

Autistic individuals had significantly elevated plasma levels of copper and Cu/Zn and lower, but not significantly lower, plasma Zn compared to neurotypical controls. Zn levels increased significantly in autistic individuals with and without GI disease after zinc therapy. Cu decreased significantly after zinc therapy in the GI disease group but not in the autistic group without GI disease. Autistic children significantly improved with respect to hyperactivity and stimming after zinc therapy in autistic children with GI disease. Autistic children without GI disease did not improve in these symptoms after the same therapy.

Discussion

These results suggest an association between zinc and copper plasma levels and autism, and they suggest that zinc therapy may be most effective at lowering copper levels in autistic children with GI disease.
Assimilation of IASI partial tropospheric columns with an Ensemble Kalman Filter over Europe
Authors: Coman A. , Foret G. , Beekmann M. , Eremenko M. , Dufour G. , Gaubert B. , Ung A. , Schmechtig C. , Flaud J.-M. , Bergametti G.
Published: September 2011

Abstract. Partial lower tropospheric ozone columns provided by the IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) instrument have been assimilated into a chemistry-transport model at continental scale (CHIMERE) using an Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). Analyses are made for the month of July 2007 over the European domain. Launched in 2006, aboard the MetOp-A satellite, IASI shows high sensitivity for ozone in the free troposphere and low sensitivity at the ground; therefore it is important to evaluate if assimilation of these observations can improve free tropospheric ozone, and possibly surface ozone. The analyses are validated against independent ozone observations from sondes, MOZAIC1 aircraft and ground based stations (AIRBASE – the European Air quality dataBase) and compared with respect to the free run of CHIMERE. These comparisons show a decrease in error of 6 parts-per-billion (ppb) in the free troposphere over the Frankfurt area, and also a reduction of the root mean square error (respectively bias) at the surface of 19% (33%) for more than 90% of existing ground stations. This provides evidence of the potential of data assimilation of tropospheric IASI columns to better describe the tropospheric ozone distribution, including surface ozone, despite the lower sensitivity. The changes in concentration resulting from the observational constraints were quantified and several geophysical explanations for the findings of this study were drawn. The corrections were most pronounced over Italy and the Mediterranean region, on the average we noted an average reduction of 8–9 ppb in the free troposphere with respect to the free run, and still a reduction of 5.5 ppb at ground, likely due to a longer residence time of air masses in this part associated to the general circulation pattern (i.e. dominant western circulation) and to persistent anticyclonic conditions over the Mediterranean basin. This is an important geophysical result, since the ozone burden is large over this area, with impact on the radiative balance and air quality. 1 Measurements of OZone, water vapour, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides by in-service AIrbus airCraft ( http://mozaic.aero.obs-mip.fr/web/)
"CITY 2020+": assessing climate change impacts for the city of Aachen related to demographic change and health – a progress report
Authors: Schneider C. , Balzer C. , Buttstädt M. , Eßer K. , Ginski S. , Hahmann J. , Ketzler G. , Klemme M. , Kröpelin A. , Merbitz H. , Michael S. , Sachsen T. , Siuda A. , Weishoff-Houben M. , Brunk M. F. , Dott W. , Hofmeister H. , Pfaffenbach C. , Roll C. , Selle K.
Published: September 2011

Abstract. The research initiative CITY 2020+ assesses the risks and opportunities for residents in urban built environments under projected demographic and climate change for the year 2020 and beyond, using the city of Aachen as a case study. CITY 2020+ develops strategies, options and tools for planning and developing sustainable future city structures. The investigation focuses on how urban environment, political structure and residential behaviour can best be adapted, with attention to the interactions among structural, political, and sociological configurations and their impacts on human health. The interdisciplinary research is organized in three clusters. Within the first cluster, strategies of older people exposed to heat stress, and their networks as well as environmental health risks according to atmospheric conditions are examined. The second cluster addresses governance questions, urban planning and building technologies as well as spatial patterns of the urban heat island. The third cluster includes studies on air quality related to particulate matter and a historical perspective of city development concerning environmental issues and climate variability. However, it turns out that research topics that require an interdisciplinary approach are best addressed not by pre-structuring the work into related sub-projects but through combining them according to shared methodological approaches. Examples illustrating this rather practical approach within ongoing research are presented in this paper.
Increased phosphorus availability mitigates the inhibition of nitrogen deposition on CH4 uptake in an old-growth tropical forest, southern China
Authors: Zhang T. , Zhu W. , Mo J. , Liu L. , Dong S.
Published: September 2011

Abstract. It is well established that tropical forest ecosystems are often limited by phosphorus (P) availability, and elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition may further enhance such P limitation. However, it is uncertain whether P availability would affect soil fluxes of greenhouse gases, such as methane (CH4) uptake, and how P interacts with N deposition. We examine the effects of N and P additions on soil CH4 uptake in an N saturated old-growth tropical forest in southern China to test the following hypotheses: (1) P addition would increase CH4 uptake; (2) N addition would decrease CH4 uptake; and (3) P addition would mitigate the inhibitive effect of N addition on soil CH4 uptake. Four treatments were conducted at the following levels from February 2007 to October 2009: control, N-addition (150 kg N ha−1 yr−1), P-addition (150 kg P ha−1 yr−1), and NP-addition (150 kg N ha−1 yr−1 plus 150 kg P ha−1 yr−1). Static chamber and gas chromatography techniques were used to quantify soil CH4 uptake every month throughout the study period. Average CH4 uptake rate was 31.2 ± 1.1 μg CH4-C m−2 h−1 in the control plots. The mean CH4 uptake rate in the N-addition plots was 23.6 ± 0.9 μg CH4-C m−2 h−1, significantly lower than that in the controls. P-addition however, significantly increased CH4 uptake by 24% (38.8 ± 1.3 μg CH4-C m−2 h−1), whereas NP-addition (33.6 ± 1.0 μg CH4-C m−2 h−1) was not statistically different from the control. Our results suggest that increased P availability may enhance soil mathanotrophic activity and root growth, resulting in potentially mitigating the inhibitive effect of N deposition on CH4 uptake in tropical forests.
Interaction between hydrocarbon seepage, chemosynthetic communities and bottom water redox at cold seeps of the Makran accretionary prism: insights from habitat-specific pore water sampling and modeling
Authors: Fischer D. , Sahling H. , Nöthen K. , Bohrmann G. , Zabel M. , Kasten S.
Published: September 2011

Abstract. The interaction between fluid seepage, bottom water redox, and chemosynthetic communities was studied at cold seeps across one of the world's largest oxygen minimum zones (OMZ) located at the Makran convergent continental margin. Push cores were obtained from seeps within and at the lower boundary of the core-OMZ with a remotely operated vehicle. Extracted pore water was analyzed for sulfide and sulfate contents. Depending on oxygen availability, seeps were either colonized by microbial mats or by mats and macrofauna. The latter, including ampharetid polychaetes and vesicomyid clams, occurred in distinct benthic habitats which were arranged in a concentric fashion around gas orifices. At most sites colonized by microbial mats, hydrogen sulfide was exported into the bottom water. Where macrofauna was widely abundant, hydrogen sulfide was consumed within the sediment. Numerical modeling of pore water profiles was performed in order to assess rates of fluid advection and bioirrigation. While the magnitude of upward fluid flow decreased from 11 cm yr−1 to <1 cm yr−1 and the sulfate/methane transition zone (SMTZ) deepened with increasing distance from the central gas orifice, the fluxes of sulfate into the SMTZ did not significantly differ (6.6–9.3 mol m−2 yr−1). Depth-integrated rates of bioirrigation increased from 162 cm yr−1 in central habitats characterized by microbial mats and sparse macrofauna to 348 cm yr−1 in habitats of large and small vesicomyid clams. These results reveal that chemosynthetic macrofauna inhabiting the outer seep habitats at the lower boundary of the OMZ efficiently bioirrigate and thus transport sulfate into the upper 10 to 15 cm of the sediment. In this way bioirrigation compensates for the lower upward flux of methane in outer habitats and stimulates rates of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) with sulfate high enough to provide sulfide for chemosynthesis. Through bioirrigation macrofauna engineer their geochemical environment and fuel upward sulfide flux via AOM. Due to the introduction of oxygenated bottom water into the sediment via bioirrigation the depth of the sulfide sink gradually deepens towards outer habitats. We therefore suggest that – in addition to the oxygen levels in the water column which determine whether macrofaunal communities can develop or not – it is rather the depth of the SMTZ and thus of sulfide production that determines which chemosynthetic communities are able to exploit the sulfide at depth. Moreover, large vesicomyid clams most efficiently expand the sulfate zone in the sediment and cut off smaller or immobile organisms from the sulfide source.
Use of Surgical Sponge with Running Sutures for Securing Full-Thickness Skin Grafts
Authors: Sapountzis Stamatis , Chantes Achilleas , Kim Ji Hoon
Published: September 2011

One of the most common methods of skin defect repairing is the use of a skin graft. It is simple and reliable technique, although sometimes it is not totally successful due to hematoma and seroma formation between the skin graft and the recipient bed. Here in, we present a method to secure the skin grafts using a surgical sponge with two running sutures. This technique ensures high survival rate of the skin grafts, and in addition it is easy to be performed by the surgeon only.
Evaluation of Cell‐Material Interactions on Newly Designed, Printable Polymers for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Novosel Esther C. , Meyer Wolfdietrich , Klechowitz Nadine , Krüger Hartmut , Wegener Michael , Walles Heike , Tovar Günter E. M. , Hirth Thomas , Kluger Petra J.
Published: September 2011

The generation of advanced scaffolds for tissue engineering is increasingly implemented by rapid prototyping techniques and therefore designed materials. Two novel polymeric networks based on newly synthesized carboxyfunctionalized polyacrylates were created to fit the requirements of 3D printing processes regarding viscosity and their surface tension. The polyacrylates presented carboxylic groups either without any spacer, or, in the case of mono‐(2‐acryloxyethyl)‐succinate, with a substantial spacing from the polymer backbone. The material properties were characterized with rheometry, FTIR, XPS, and contact angle measurements. Polymer surfaces were prepared and seeded with primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC). Cell–material interaction with the different polymer surfaces were investigated by light microscopy, water soluble tetrazolium‐1 (WST‐1) viability assay, fluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide (FDA/PI) staining, and acetylated low‐density lipoprotein (acLDL) assay. Thus, the cell confluence, viability, and functionality of the HDMEC were evaluated. The non‐spaced methacrylic acid derivative was proved in cell culture regarding its biocompatibility. Along with its appropriate physical properties, the novel network‐generating polymeric blends constitute promising candidates for future scaffold design in tissue engineering.
Near‐Surface Microstructural Reorganization of UHMWPE under Cyclic Load – A Pilot Study
Authors: Keller Thomas F. , Engelhardt Hannes , Adam Peter , Galetz Mathias C. , Glatzel Uwe , Jandt Klaus D.
Published: September 2011

We report a depth‐resolved analysis of the microstructure of a bulge‐like failure in a medical grade ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) implant material induced by a cyclic load. The depth‐dependent arrangement of the crystalline lamellae was analyzed by cross‐sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The failure emerges at the top wear surface as an amorphous bulge with a maximum thickness of approximately 300 µm. A sharp interface below the bulge consists of an approximately 0.1 µm thick boundary layer with stacked lamellae with an outstanding degree of orientation perpendicular to the wear surface. The boundary layer is separated from the intact, unmodified base material with random lamellar orientation by an approximately 5 µm thick transition zone with a lamellar alignment perpendicular to the wear surface, which decreases toward the center of the UHMWPE test specimen. We further observed an overall decrease of lamellar thickness toward the wear surface within the influence zone. This indicates the strength and heterogeneity of the local dynamic stress field during cyclic wear and the ease for lamellar rearrangements presumably facilitated by a locally elevated temperature. We propose the bulge to originate from either wear material dragged along the wear surface or from a retransfer from the articulating counter surface, and discuss implications on the degree and relevance of adhesive wear. This study stresses the importance of the UHMWPE transfer material under such dynamic load conditions. Our approach seems suitable for investigating the mechanical aspect of failure mechanisms at the UHMWPE polymer biointerface under cyclic load.
Synthesis of Arylated Quinolines by Chemo‐ and Site‐selective Suzuki–Miyaura Reactions of 5,7‐Dibromo‐8‐(trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy)quinoline
Authors: Eleya Nadi , Mahal Ahmed , Hein Martin , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter
Published: September 2011

Arylated quinolines were prepared by Suzuki–Miyaura reactions of 5,7‐dibromo‐8‐(trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy)quinoline. The reactions proceed with excellent site‐selectivity. The first, second and third attack occur at positions 5, 7 and 8, respectively.
Human neoteny revisited: The case of synaptic plasticity
Authors: Bufill Enric , Agustí Jordi , Blesa Rafael
Published: September 2011

The process of learning requires morphological changes in the neuronal connections and the formation of new synapses. Due to the importance of memory and learning in our species, it has been suggested that the synaptic plasticity in a number of association areas is higher in the human brain than in other primates. Cortical neurons in mammals are characterized by higher metabolism, activity, and synaptic plasticity during development and the juvenile stage than in the adult. In Homo sapiens, brain development is retarded compared with other primates, especially in some association areas. These areas are characterized by the presence of neurons, which remain structurally immature throughout their lifespans and show an increase in the expression of the genes, which deal with metabolism and the activity and synaptic plasticity in adulthood. The retention of juvenile features in some adult neurons in our species has occurred in areas, which are related to episodic memory, planning, and social navigation. The increase of the aerobic metabolism in these neurons may lead, however, to higher levels of oxidative stress, therefore, favoring the development of neurodegenerative diseases which are exclusive, or almost exclusive, to humans, such as Alzheimer's disease. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CO Oxidation as a Prototypical Reaction for Heterogeneous Processes
Authors: Freund Hans‐Joachim , Meijer Gerard , Scheffler Matthias , Schlögl Robert , Wolf Martin
Published: September 2011

CO oxidation, although seemingly a simple chemical reaction, provides us with a panacea that reveals the richness and beauty of heterogeneous catalysis. The Fritz Haber Institute is a place where a multidisciplinary approach to study the course of such a heterogeneous reaction can be generated in house. Research at the institute is primarily curiosity driven, which is reflected in the five sections comprising this Review. We use an approach based on microscopic concepts to study the interaction of simple molecules with well‐defined materials, such as clusters in the gas phase or solid surfaces. This approach often asks for the development of new methods, tools, and materials to prove them, and it is exactly this aspect, both, with respect to experiment and theory, that is a trade mark of our institute.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Homocamptothecins Conjugating with Dihydropyrimidine Derivatives as Potent Topoisomerase I Inhibitors
Authors: Zhu Lingjian , Cheng Pengfei , Lei Ning , Yao Jianzhong , Sheng Chunquan , Zhuang Chunlin , Guo Wei , Liu Wenfeng , Zhang Yongqiang , Dong Guoqiang , Wang Shengzhang , Miao Zhenyuan , Zhang Wannian
Published: September 2011

Homocamptothecin (hCPT) is a camptothecin (CPT) homologue with the insertion of a methylene (CH2) spacer between the alcohol moiety and carbonyl group of the classical six‐membered α‐hydroxylactone ring. This modification provides higher lactone stability and did not impair its activity against topoisomerase I (Topo I), but rather appears to improve it compared to CPT. In an attempt to improve the antitumor activity of homocamptothecins, a series of novel hCPT derivatives conjugating with dihydropyrimidine (DHPM) derivatives was designed and synthesized based on a synthetic route which couples 7‐formylhomocamptothecin with different dihydropyrimidine derivates. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited good antiproliferative activity on tumor cell lines A549, MDA‐MB‐435 and HCT116. Furthermore, this class of compounds showed superior Topo I inhibition activity comparable to or higher than CPT.
SVEEVA Descriptor Application to Peptide QSAR
Authors: Tong Jianbo , Che Ting , Liu Shuling , Li Yunfei , Wang Ping , Xu Xiameng , Chen Yang
Published: September 2011

A new descriptor, SVEEVA (principal component scores vector of electronic eigenvalue descriptors), was derived from principal component analysis (PCA) of a matrix of 220 electronic eigenvalue descriptors of coded amino acids. SVEEVA scales were then applied in three panels of peptide quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) that were modeled by partial least squares regression (PLS). The obtained models with the correlation coefficient ($R_{{\rm cum}}^{2} $), cross‐validation correlation coefficient ($Q_{{\rm LOO}}^{2} $) were 0.894 and 0.839 for 58 angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors, 0.995 and 0.949 for 12 antimicrobial polypeptides, and 0.995 and 0.976 for 20 thromboplastin inhibitors. Satisfactory results showed that information related to biological activity can be systemically expressed by SVEEVA scales, which may be a useful structural expression methodology for study on peptide QSAR.
Synthesis, Telomerase Evaluation and Anti‐Proliferative Studies on Various Series of Diaminoanthraquinone‐Linked Aminoacyl Residue Derivatives
Authors: Huang Fong‐Chun , Huang Kuo‐Feng , Chen Ruey‐Hui , Wu Jia‐Er , Chen Tsung‐Chih , Chen Chun‐Liang , Lee Chia‐Chung , Chen Jin‐Yang , Lin Jing‐Jer , Huang Hsu‐Shan
Published: September 2011

Four series of compounds containing an anthraquinone‐linked moiety and symmetrical or asymmetrical aminoacyl residues in side chains at positions 1,4‐, 1,5‐, 2,6‐, and 2,7‐ were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effects toward telomerase and hTERT expression. Of these, only compound B11 showed selective inhibition of telomerase activity. Although it is not as competent as several of the anthraquinones we identified previously, nevertheless, the result is consistent with that the general structure moiety at the 1,5‐position of diaminoanthraquinone‐linked compound is important for the telomerase inhibitory activity. Interestingly, compounds A6, A8, C8, and D8 exhibited selective repressing activities toward hTERT expression and showed less effect toward proliferation of the treated cancer cells. Although it is not apparent which structure moiety is responsible for the telomerase repression effects of these compounds, they could be further developed as potential anti‐tumor agents.
Constitutive and dark‐induced expression of Solanum tuberosum phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase enhances stomatal opening and photosynthetic performance of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kebeish Rashad , Niessen Markus , Oksaksin Mehtap , Blume Christian , Peterhaensel Christoph
Published: September 2011

The effect of constitutive and dark‐induced expression of Solanum tuberosum phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) on the opening state of stomata and photosynthetic performance in Arabidopsis thaliana plants was studied. Transcript accumulation analyses of the A. thaliana dark‐induced (Din10 and Din6) and the Pisum sativum asparagine synthetase 2 promoters (Asn2) in transiently transformed tobacco leaves showed that Din10 promoter induced more DsRed accumulation in the dark compared to the other din genes. Overexpression of PEPC under the control of the constitutive enhanced CaMV 35S (p35SS) and dark‐induced Din10 promoter in stably transformed A. thaliana plants increased the number of opened stomata in dark adapted leaves. Gas exchange measurements using A. thaliana plants transgenic for p35SS‐PEPC and Din10‐PEPC revealed a marked increase in stomatal conductance, transpiration, and dark respiration rates measured in the dark compared to wild‐type plants. Moreover, measurement of CO2 assimilation rates at different external CO2 concentrations (Ca) and different light intensities shows an increase in the CO2 assimilation rates in transgenic Arabidopsis lines compared to wild‐type plants. This is considered as first step towards transferring the aspects of Crassulacean acid metabolism‐like photosynthetic mechanism into C3 plants. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:536–544. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Statistical Analysis of Past Catalytic Data on Oxidative Methane Coupling for New Insights into the Composition of High‐Performance Catalysts
Authors: Zavyalova Ulyana , Holena Martin , Schlögl Robert , Baerns Manfred
Published: September 2011

A database consisting of 1870 data sets on catalyst compositions and their performances in the oxidative coupling of methane was compiled. For this goal, about 1000 full‐text references from the last 30 years have been analyzed and about 420 of them, which contained all the necessary information, were selected for the data extraction. The accumulated data were subject to statistical analysis: analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and decision tree. On the basis of the results, 18 catalytic key elements were selected from originally 68 elements. All oxides of the selected elements, which positively affect the selectivity to C2 products, show strong basicity. Analysis of binary and ternary interactions between the selected key elements shows that high‐performance catalysts are mainly based on Mg and La oxides. Alkali (Cs, Na) and alkaline‐earth (Sr, Ba) metals used as dopants increase the selectivity of the host oxides, whereas dopants such as Mn, W, and the Cl anion have positive effects on the catalyst activity. The maximal C2 selectivities for the proposed catalyst compositions range from 72 to 82 %, and the respective C2 yields range from 16 to 26 %.
Route to a Family of Robust, Non‐interpenetrated Metal–Organic Frameworks with pto‐like Topology
Authors: Klein Nicole , Senkovska Irena , Baburin Igor A. , Grünker Ronny , Stoeck Ulrich , Schlichtenmayer Maurice , Streppel Barbara , Mueller Uwe , Leoni Stefano , Hirscher Michael , Kaskel Stefan
Published: September 2011

A combination of topological rules and quantum chemical calculations has facilitated the development of a rational metal–organic framework (MOF) synthetic strategy using the tritopic benzene‐1,3,5‐tribenzoate (btb) linker and a neutral cross‐linker 4,4′‐bipyridine (bipy). A series of new compounds, namely [M2(bipy)]3(btb)4 (DUT‐23(M), M=Zn, Co, Cu, Ni), [Cu2(bisqui)0.5]3(btb)4 (DUT‐24, bisqui=diethyl (R,S)‐4,4′‐biquinoline‐3,3′‐dicarboxylate), [Cu2(py)1.5(H2O)0.5]3(btb)4 (DUT‐33, py=pyridine), and [Cu2(H2O)2]3(btb)4 (DUT‐34), with high specific surface areas and pore volumes (up to 2.03 m3 g−1 for DUT‐23(Co)) were synthesized. For DUT‐23(Co), excess storage capacities were determined for methane (268 mg g−1 at 100 bar and 298 K), hydrogen (74 mg g−1 at 40 bar and 77 K), and n‐butane (99 mg g−1at 293 K). DUT‐34 is a non‐cross‐linked version of DUT‐23 (non‐interpenetrated pendant to MOF‐14) that possesses open metal sites and can therefore be used as a catalyst. The accessibility of the pores in DUT‐34 to potential substrate molecules was proven by liquid phase adsorption. By exchanging the N,N donor 4,4′‐bipyridine with a substituted racemic biquinoline, DUT‐24 was obtained. This opens a route to the synthesis of a chiral compound, which could be interesting for enantioselective separation.
ChemInform Abstract: The Remarkable Improvement of a Ce—Ti Based Catalyst for NOx Abatement, Prepared by a Homogeneous Precipitation Method.
Authors: Shan Wenpo , Liu Fudong , He Hong , Shi Xiaoyan , Zhang Changbin
Published: September 2011

Ce—Ti mixed oxide catalysts are prepared by precipitation from aqueous solutions of Ce(NO3)3 and Ti(SO4)2 with molar Ce/Ti ratios of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 using excessive aqueous solution of urea (90 °C, 8 h), followed by calcination of the precipitate at 400, 500, or 600 °C for 5 h in air.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid (≈10 min) Synthesis of Single‐Crystalline, Nanorice TiO2 Mesoparticles with a High Photovoltaic Efficiency of above 8%.
Authors: Parmar K. P. S. , Ramasamy Easwaramoorthi , Lee Jinwoo , Lee Jae Sung
Published: September 2011

Anatase TiO2 mesopowders of single‐crystalline rice‐like nanoparticles (6—15 nm wide, 30—100 nm long) are hydrothermally synthesized from a mixture of Ti(OPr)4, acac, NH3, and H2O (autoclave, microwave irradiation, pH 11.7, 180 °C, 10 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Assembly of a Family of Mixed Metal {Mo : V} Polyoxometalates Templated by TeO32‐: {Mo12V12Te3}, {Mo12V12Te2} and {Mo17V8Te}.
Authors: Corella‐Ochoa M. Nieves , Miras Haralampos N. , Kidd Alastair , Long De‐Liang , Cronin Leroy
Published: September 2011

The crystal structures of (IV), (VII), and (VIII) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Serine‐Based Phosphinooxazoline Ligands and Iridium Complexes for Asymmetric Hydrogenations.
Authors: Franzke Axel , Voss Felix , Pfaltz Andreas
Published: September 2011

Novel iridium catalysts (I) and (II) are prepared and compared with the known isomer (III).
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Heterogeneous Recyclable Palladium Catalyst for Chemoselective Conjugate Reduction of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyls in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Bagal Dattatraya B. , Qureshi Ziyauddin S. , Dhake Kishor P. , Khan Shoeb R. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: September 2011

A complete green and convenient strategy for the chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of various α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds using HCOONa as hydrogen source and a polymer‐supported Pd‐NHC catalyst system is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Secondary and Tertiary Amines from Nitroarenes and Alcohols.
Authors: Lee Chun‐Chin , Liu Shiuh‐Tzung
Published: September 2011

Various secondary amines (III) are obtained from the reaction of nitroarenes (I) with primary alcohols (II) in the presence of Ru(II) complexes having phosphine‐amine ligands as the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: New Ligands and Structural Insights into the Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Organozinc Reagents to Ketones.
Authors: Huelgas Gabriela , LaRochelle Lynne K. , Rivas Lucrecia , Luchinina Yekaterina , Toscano Ruben A. , Carroll Patrick J. , Walsh Patrick J. , Anaya de Parrodi Cecilia
Published: September 2011

The scope of the novel chiral ligand ADA is evaluated in the catalytic asymmetric addition of ZnEt2 to ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Primary Amine Catalyzed Asymmetric Direct Cross‐Aldol Reaction of Acetaldehyde.
Authors: Hu Shenshen , Zhang Long , Li Jiuyuan , Luo Sanzhong , Cheng Jin‐Pei
Published: September 2011

Aqueous acetaldehyde solution and paraldehyde can be conveniently applied in this reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Aza‐Henry Reaction with α‐Substituted Nitroacetates Catalyzed by a Bifunctional Thiourea‐Guanidine Catalyst.
Authors: Han Bo , Huang Wei , Xu Zhen Rui , Dong Xiao Ping
Published: September 2011

The process renders possible a facile access to β‐nitroamine derivatives bearing adjacent quaternary and tertiary chiral centers.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Ambiphilic Alkenes via Regioselective Methylation of α‐Trifluoromethanesulfonyl Carbonyl Compounds with Trimethylsilyldiazomethane.
Authors: Kong Han Il , Crichton Jennifer E. , Manthorpe Jeffrey M.
Published: September 2011

Triflyl‐substituted enol ethers or ketene aminals are synthesized through a selective O‐methylation of the corresponding carbonyl compounds with azo compound (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions in Flow: Multistep Synthesis Enabled by a Microfluidic Extraction.
Authors: Noel Timothy , Kuhn Simon , Musacchio Andrew J. , Jensen Klavs F. , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: September 2011

A continuous‐flow microfluidic system is developed for the transformation of phenols into their corresponding aryl triflates followed by Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction to afford biaryls directly.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Coupling of Aromatic N,N‐Acetals Using Zinc and Chlorotrimethylsilane.
Authors: Hatano Bunpei , Tachikawa Tomoharu , Mori Tetsunori , Nagahashi Keita , Kijima Tatsuro
Published: September 2011

Aromatic N,N‐acetals and N,O‐acetal (X), activated by TmsCl, are coupled in the presence of zinc to give mixtures of dl‐ and meso‐diamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Selective Synthesis of β‐Amino Carbonyl Compounds over ZSM‐5‐SO3H under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Massah Ahmad Reza , Kalbasi Roozbeh , Samah Neda
Published: September 2011

A new mild method for the Mannich reaction including an easy work‐up and the use of a recoverable and reusable catalyst is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Lead(IV) Acetate Oxidative Ring‐Opening of 2,3‐Epoxy Primary Alcohols: A New Entry to Optically Active α‐Hydroxy Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Alvarez‐Manzaneda Enrique , Chahboun Rachid , Alvarez Esteban , Alvarez‐Manzaneda Ramon , Munoz Pedro E. , Jimenez Fermin , Bouanou Hanane
Published: September 2011

Nucleophilic ring‐opening of hydroxymethyl‐substituted substrates with Pb(OAc)4 results in formation of α‐acetoxy aldehydes or α‐acetoxy ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: AgBF4/[Bmim]BF4‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Cyclic Diazodicarbonyl Compounds: Efficient Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydrofurans and Conversion to 3‐Acylfurans.
Authors: Xia Likai , Lee Yong Rok , Kim Sung Hong , Lyoo Won Seok
Published: September 2011

A novel, mild, and efficient method for the synthesis of the title compounds (III) and (V) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Triazol Compounds Containing Isatin as Potential Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents by Microwave and Conventional Methods.
Authors: Oezil Musa , Mentese Emre , Yilmaz Fatih , Islamoglu Fatih , Kahveci Bahittin
Published: September 2011

A variety of novel Schiff bases (III) is synthesized by reaction of isatin derivatives (I) with aminotriazolones (II) under both conventional thermal and microwave irradiation conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Urazoles to Their Corresponding Triazolinediones Using Benzyltriphenylphosphonium Nitrate.
Authors: Samimi Heshmat Allah , Parvanak Kaveh
Published: September 2011

Benzyltriphenylphosphonium nitrate is a mild, stable and easily available reagent for the oxidation of different types of urazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles: A Magnetically Recoverable and Reusable Catalyst for the Synthesis of 5‐Substituted 1H‐Tetrazoles.
Authors: Sreedhar B. , Kumar A. Suresh , Yada Divya
Published: September 2011

The catalyst can be reused five times without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 1,3‐Bis(trimethylsilyloxy)‐1,3‐butadienes with 2,4,6‐Tris(trifluoromethyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine: Planning and Serendipity.
Authors: Iaroshenko Viktor O. , Bunescu Alina , Spannenberg Anke , Langer Peter
Published: September 2011

A new type of formal [3 + 3] cyclization reaction of triazine (I) with silyloxybutadienes (II) is discovered.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Antagonists of Muscarinic (M3) Receptors.
Authors: Broadley Kenneth J. , Davies Robin H. , Escargueil Christine , Lee Alan T. L. , Penson Peter , Thomas Eric J.
Published: September 2011

A series of α‐hydroxyamides of type (VII) and (VIII) are prepared and evaluated as antagonists of the M3 muscarinic receptor in guinea pig ileum.
ChemInform Abstract: An Approach to Preparation of trans‐DHQs via Ring‐Opening of meso‐N‐Sulfonylaziridines.
Authors: Nolsoee Jens , Riegert David , Mueller Paul , Tanner David
Published: September 2011

The ring opening of aziridine derivative (I) is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of 3‐Carbo‐5‐phosphonylpyrazoles Through a One‐Pot Claisen—Schmidt/1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition/Oxidation Sequence.
Authors: Martin Anthony R. , Mohanan Kishor , Toupet Loic , Vasseur Jean‐Jacques , Smietana Michael
Published: September 2011

The reaction is applied to aromatic aldehydes, methyl ketones and phosphonate (III) (Bestmann—Ohira reagent) to afford substituted 5‐phosphonylpyrazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Iridoid and Effect on the Rat Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation of Isolated Compounds from Buddleja officinalis.
Authors: Tai Bui Huu , Nhiem Nguyen Xuan , Quang Tran Hong , Ngan Nguyen Thi Thanh , Tung Nguyen Huu , Kim Yohan , Lee Jung‐Jin , Myung Chang‐Seon , Cuong Nguyen Manh , Kim Young Ho
Published: September 2011

The new iridoid, methylscutelloside (I), a monoterpenoid, three further iridoids, three flavonoids, and six phenylethanoids are isolated from the flowers of B.officinalis.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Mansonone F Derivatives as Topoisomerase Inhibitors.
Authors: Huang Shi‐Liang , et al. et al.
Published: September 2011

To investigate the impact of different substitution patterns on mansonone F, a variety of derivatives is synthesized including a series of 7,8‐dione derivatized compounds, 3‐ and 9‐substituted 7,8‐dione derivatives, and pyran‐ring opened 7,8‐dione derivatives, according to procedures reported previously with some proper modifications.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Mannose‐Bearing Disaccharide with a Thiol Spacer at the Reducing End.
Authors: Wang Chao , Baker David C.
Published: September 2011

The synthesis of a mannose‐bearing disaccharide (III) containing a thiol spacer at the reducing end is carried out to provide a tethered sugar suitable for attaching to gold nanoparticles.
ChemInform Abstract: Black Light Induced Radical Cyclization Approach to Cyclonucleosides: An Independent Approach.
Authors: Perchyonok Victoria T.
Published: September 2011

The title reaction is performed in organic and aqueous media, using various free radical hydrogen donors and initiation conditions to afford high yields of the cyclonucleoside (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Binding Affinity of Homologated Adenosine Analogues as A3 Adenosine Receptor Ligands.
Authors: Lee Hyuk Woo , Choi Won Jun , Jacobson Kenneth A. , Jeong Lak Shin
Published: September 2011

The synthesis of the adenosine analogues (V) proceeds via Co2(CO)8‐catalyzed siloxymethylation as the key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Some Properties of 4′‐Phenyl‐5′‐norcarbocyclic Adenosine Phosphonic Acid Analogues.
Authors: Liu Lian Jin , Kim Eunae , Hong Joon Hee
Published: September 2011

For the synthesis of the title analogues, e.g. (IV), compound (III) is the key intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Properties of the SHS Products. Review
Authors: Xanthopoulou Galina
Published: September 2011

Review: [(SHS: self‐propagating high‐temp.
ChemInform Abstract: What Can We Learn About Battery Materials from Their Magnetic Properties?
Authors: Chernova Natasha A. , Nolis Gene M. , Omenya Fredrick O. , Zhou Hui , Li Zheng , Whittingham M. Stanley
Published: September 2011

Review: 91 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Fabrication and Electrochemical Characteristics of LiFePO4 Powders for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Toprakci Ozan , Toprakci Hatice A. K. , Ji Liwen , Zhang Xiangwu
Published: September 2011

Review: 154 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: III—V Compound Semiconductor Nanowires
Authors: Paiman S. , Joyce H. J. , Kang J. H. , Gao Q. , Tan H. H. , Kim Y. , Zhang X. , Zou J. , Jagadish C.
Published: September 2011

Review: 9 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of High‐Temperature Superconducting Phase (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3 O10+δ in Functional Materials (Ceramics and Composite Tapes)
Authors: Kravchenko V. S.
Published: September 2011

Review: 416 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances on the Synthesis of Azoles, Azines and Azepines Fused to Benzimidazole
Authors: Dawood Kamal M. , Elwan Nehal M. , Abdel‐Wahab Bakr F.
Published: September 2011

Review: 266 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Indoles: Industrial, Agricultural and Over‐the‐counter Uses
Authors: Barden Timothy C.
Published: September 2011

Review: 35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Catalyzed Heterocyclization: Synthesis of Five‐ and Six‐Membered Nitrogen Heterocycles Through Carbon—Nitrogen Bond‐Forming Reactions
Authors: Majumdar K. C. , Debnath Pradip , De Nirupam , Roy B.
Published: September 2011

Review: 250 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxindoles and Spirocyclic Variations: Strategies for C‐3 Functionalization
Authors: Russel Jonathon S.
Published: September 2011

Review: 120 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions for Indoles
Authors: Li Jie Jack , Gribble Gordon W.
Published: September 2011

Review: 220 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium—Copper‐Catalyzed Alkyne Activation as an Entry to Multicomponent Syntheses of Heterocycles
Authors: Mueller Thomas J. J.
Published: September 2011

Review: 306 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation, Identification, and Synthetic Applications of Nitrile Sulfides and Nitrile Selenides
Authors: Krebsz Melinda , Pasinszki Tibor
Published: September 2011

Review: 78 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Applications of Small Nitrile Oxides
Authors: Pasinszki Tibor , Westwood Nicholas P. C.
Published: September 2011

Review: 210 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Regulation of Dopaminergic Neuronal Activity by Heart‐Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein in the Brain
Authors: Yamamoto Yui , Shioda Norifumi , Owada Yuji , Fukunaga Kohji
Published: September 2011

Review: 23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Protective Effects of Cilostazol Against Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Hemorrhagic Transformation
Authors: Ishiguro Mitsunori , Hara Hideaki
Published: September 2011

Review: 25 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Effectiveness of Metformin in Prevention of Development of Hyperglycemia and Neuronal Damage Caused by Ischemic Stress
Authors: Fujita‐Hamabe Wakako , Harada Shinichi , Tokuyama Shogo
Published: September 2011

Review: 13 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multivariate Analysis of NMR Data
Authors: Marini Federico , Bucci Remo , Magri Andrea D. , Magri Antonio L.
Published: September 2011

Review: 35 refs.
The Role of Amine Surface Density in Carbon Dioxide Adsorption on Functionalized Mixed Oxide Surfaces
Authors: Young Pria D. , Notestein Justin M.
Published: September 2011

Supported amines are considered as adsorbents to replace aqueous amines for carbon capture and for CO2 capture/conversion into chemicals. Here, amines are grafted to SiO2 or TiSiO2 by using aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) or (3‐triethoxysilylpropyl)‐tert‐butylcarbamate (TESPtBC) and then removing the carbamate group introduced by the latter by mild heating to ‘deprotect’ the amine. Structures are verified by using 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) NMR spectroscopy, acid titration, thermogravimetric analysis, and elemental analysis. Diffuse reflectance UV/Visible spectroscopy shows that amines from APTES coordinate directly to Ti cations, whereas Ti cations remain coordinatively unsaturated after grafting of TESPtBC and deprotection. CO2 chemisorption is studied as a function of amine precursor, average surface density, and the presence of Ti. CO2 uptake increases from <0.02 CO2 per amine for as‐synthesized TESPtBC materials to only approximately 0.05 CO2 per amine for the isolated amines present after deprotection. In contrast, clustered amines from APTES chemisorb up to approximately 0.35 CO2 per amine. Cooperative ammonium carbamates form preferentially above an apparent local density of 0.6 amines per nm2 from APTES, but do not form even up to 0.9 amines per nm2 for TESPtBC‐derived materials. This suggests that the true local surface density form APTES is underestimated by as much as 150 %. CO2 uptake falls to <0.01 CO2 per amine for ATPES on TiSiO2, but uptake is less affected for the ‘protected’ TESPtBC precursor. These results show that TESPtBC may be a viable precursor for applications in acid–base cooperative CO2 conversion catalysts, and that variation in the local amine surface density and the chemistry of the underlying support may account for some of the large variability in reported CO2 capacities of supported amine materials in literature.