bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combatting Crimes of Honor
Authors: Husseini Rana
Published: March 2020

In January 1999 a Jordanian pharmacist approached me following a series of documentaries on so-called honor crimes in Jordan that were broadcasted on the American networks ABC and CNN. Because of my participation in those documentaries and the Reebok Human Rights Award that I won, the issue of so-called honor crimes in Jordan was becoming a hot and public debate.
On Disabilities
Authors: Kabbara Nawaf
Published: March 2020

The Lebanese parliamentary election was a very decisive moment in the country’s history. As a result of this election, a new parliamentary majority and discourse dominated the political scene. The election was also peculiar concerning the disability cause in Lebanon. For the first time in the history of Lebanon’s elections, disability became an issue. In fact, the Lebanese disability movement succeeded in launching two different but complementary campaigns during the election. The first one was engineered by both the Lebanese Physical Handicapped Union and the Youth Blind Association. Under the title “Haqqi” or “My Right,” the campaign focused on the right of people with disability to practice one of their most important rights: the political right to vote.
What is it Like to be a Girl with Special Needs in Today’s World?
Authors: Merhej Wali
Published: March 2020

Lebanese girls with special needs have to come a long way in their struggle for social justice. Psychological, physical and often sexual abuse of special needs girls is not limited to Lebanon.The United Nations Development Program reported that the Arab region ranks among the lowest concerning human development. One of the main reasons behind the development setback is the weak participation of women.
Recent Publications/Announcement/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Announcement: The Royal Tropical Institute (KIT) is proud to announce itsforthcoming International Training Course on Gender,Development and Participatory Governance. We wouldbe pleased if you could pass on this information to anyonewho might benefit from the course. Films: The Day I Became a WomanCovered Girls
Women with Disabilities in Lebanon
Authors: Khalil Jahda Abou
Published: March 2020

Disability is a twofold problem for women round the world. This is particularly true for women with disabilities in a developing country like Lebanon, where cultural norms and social traditions keep them isolated and marginalized most of the time. However, women with disabilities in Lebanon have benefited – though in a limited manner – from programs for rehabilitation, the work of some institutions and the care of disabled people’s organizations.
Inclusion at Al-Ahliah School: Varying Degrees of Success
Authors: Hamadeh Najla
Published: March 2020

Al-Ahliah School, established by Mary Kassab in 1916, was certainly a pioneer in implementing inclusion. Al-Ahliah’s attempts at various forms of inclusion started at the beginning of the sixties, and are still going on, with varying levels of success, for a variety of special needs of a physical and mental nature.That inclusion should take place at Al-Ahliah was very natural and even inevitable since its mission has always stressed the value of humanity, the equal rights of all, and the importance of encouragement and of the nurturing of self-worth. It is an institution that strongly believes in giving each individual the opportunity to lead a dignified, fulfilled and productive life.
Seeing Clearly Under Occupation
Authors: Atshan Laila
Published: March 2020

No one can escape the suffocation of occupation. It denies innate human freedoms and imposes a state of unnatural uncertainty in the unconscious self. Each citizen of an occupied society suffers the same deprivations and dependence on the caprice of the occupier; yet each frets and reacts with her own patterns of frustration which affect her self-consciousness and her perceptions.Blindness imposes similar restrictions on basic freedoms and self-consciousness. One wants to go places, to see and to understand the wider world from which one is barred, but cannot without assistance. One is dependant on others and therefore lost in a world of uncertainty where most decisions are in the hands of others. This is contrary to the natural instincts and feelings of one’s unconscious birthright – just as one might will, as of one’s nature, to walk, and find one is paralyzed.
Disabled Women in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Hindi Munira bin
Published: March 2020

When I tried to write about the state of affairs of the disabled woman in the United Arab Emirates, I enquired from myself about the subject before writing a single word, as I am a woman from the area suffering a physical disability since my childhood. Therefore, I am a person who most lives, lives with and feels with the disabled woman in the United Arab Emirates.
Testimony - Morocco
Authors: Taleb Fawziyya Ben
Published: March 2020

I start by asking a question I have always been asking, which is how to talk about a feeling that is deeper and stronger than any words can express, the feeling of being disabled and that is often aggravated by society which is incapable of accepting a disabled person and have him/her lead a normal life like anyone else?
A Personal Experience
Authors: Louqman Wahi Farouq
Published: March 2020

I was born with a disease which appears gradually in the retina, therefore my eyesight grew weaker and weaker. I could not run and play like other children, and could not read except under very strong light. This is why my father photocopied books for me with large letters, and my mother kept helping me to read my lessons. My father also accompanied me on a long trip to Spain, India, China, Europe and America hoping to cure me, but to no avail. Finally, in London, my father was told the bitter truth that his daughter would lose her sight sooner or later, and that it was only a matter of time.
"Nobody Represents us better than us" with Ibrahim Abdallah
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

In the parliamentary elections of June 2005 the Lebanese Council of Disabled People (LCDP) took a major step towards the full participation of people with disability in the political life of the country when it declared the candidacy of three of its members. Such a step opened a new horizon for the disability movement when disability became not only an election issue, but a political power in the campaign too.To discuss this initiative Al-Raida met Mr. Ibrahim Abdallah the President of LCDP and one of the candidates. Abdallah holds a Master’s in Commercial Law from the United States, is President of the Universities League for the Blind, and was recently reelected as a member of the National Committee on Disability Affairs in Lebanon.
Recent Publications/Announcement/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Sign-on letter Calling on Governments to Universally Reaffirmand Implement the Beijing Platform for Action
From Lebanon/From Sudan
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

From LebanonArab Youth Directory From Sudan Sudan: Systematic Rapeof Women and Girls
Introduction to the Study of Adolescence in Arab Communities
Authors: Nehmed Adib
Published: March 2020

Lately, significant attention has been given to adolescence throughout the world. It was as if someone suddenly discovered the existence of these adolescent boys and girls who represent a vital element in our families and communities. Addressing the issue of adolescence has thus become a top priority in world reports.4 Luckily, the Center of Arab Women for Training and Research (CAWTAR) had already begun preparing its second report on the Arab adolescent girl, two years prior to the publication of the UNFPA report.
Bringing Sports and Opportunities to Girls in Rural Egypt
Authors: Abdalla Alyce , Langsten Ray
Published: March 2020

At the start of the 21st century social and technological changes have opened opportunities for a healthier, more productive, and more fulfilling life. But, while opportunities exist, traditional structures prevent some people from taking advantage of them. In 1999 the first representative study reporting on the lives of Egyptian youth was published. It showed that while many of Egypt’s youth were getting more education and finding new lives, one group, girls in rural, Upper Egypt, continued to be disproportionately disadvantaged. These girls were less likely to be attending school than boys, and most of those who were not in school had never had any formal schooling; early marriage remained a risk; female genital cutting (FGC) was widespread.
Morocco Children and Teaching in Rural Areas
Authors: Fazazi Dr. Abdel Salam
Published: March 2020

Among the confusing, even worrying, questions that educators are raising with regards to the education of girls in rural zones are: Why is there a consistent drop in the level of education? Why is there a deterioration in rural girls’ intellectual abilities? We will hereby try to identify the obstacles hindering the education of girls in rural zones, which could shed more light onto the questions raised above.Before we proceed, and for methodological concerns, we shall indicate the main concepts used in this approach: “Scholastic obstacles” are those reasons and obstacles responsible for the non-achievement of goals and positive results generally sought in education.
“Innovations in Institutional Arrangements for Promoting Gender Equality at National Level”
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Commission on the Status of Women - Forty-Ninth Session28 February to 11 March 2005Summary submitted by the Chairpersons of the high-level round table
His/story Through the Eyes of a Girl: Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis
Authors: Viviani Aglaia
Published: March 2020

By Marjane Satrapi
An Anthropology of Power and Absence
Authors: Conway-Long Don
Published: March 2020

In the current state of the world, there can hardly be a more pressing object of analysis than the Middle East.  As the birthplace of Islam as well as Judaism and  Christianity, this area is rife with patriarchal approaches to spirituality. As one of the most dangerous parts of the planet, currently engaged in the second of recent hot wars between the U.S. and so-called terrorists, it is also an area that has until recently been quite low on the priorities for study and analysis.
Male Infertility, Masculinity, and New Reproductive Technologies in the Arab World
Authors: Inhorn Marcia C.
Published: March 2020

What is the relationship between male infertility and masculinity among Arab men, particularly as new reproductive technologies become increasingly available to populations in the Arab world? In this essay, I attempt to answer this question by exploring the emerging theoretical literature on Middle Eastern masculinities, then turning to my own empirical research on male infertility among Arab men in three disparate settings. As I will argue here, male infertility may threaten Arab masculinities on numerous levels. Yet, in the age of powerful new reproductive technologies to overcome male infertility, the crisis of Arab manhood once posed by male infertility may be waning, in ways to be described in this article.
Women and War
Authors: Moukalled Diana
Published: March 2020

“ Fearful for their safety and unnerved by last weekend's attack on a high-ranking female official, Iraqi women activists are retreating from the public sphere and choosing to keep their work low-profile …They do not want to be featured because they have seen what has happened to Aqila Hashimi." This was how Noeleen Heyzer, executive director of the UN Development Fund for Women, described how Iraqi women felt after the murder of Aqila Hashemi, a member of the interim governing council. Unidentified armed men had shot at Hashemi in September, while she was standing in front of her house in Baghdad, and she had died a few days later from her wounds. Hashemi’s murder came as a shock to Iraqi women, and heightened their feeling that they were direct targets in this war.
Recent Publications/Announcement/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Announcement: NEH Summer Institute on Contemporary IslamFilms: Jenin JeninGeneration X-Saddam
On Women and War
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

This article is based on an interview conducted with Dr. Adnan Houbballah, a psychoanalyst, who assisted patients during the Lebanese civil war.
Women and the Politics of Military Confrontation
Authors: Morgan Valerie
Published: March 2020

Nahla Abdo and Ronit Lentin (eds.)Berghahn Books, 2002
On Being a Single White Arab Woman in Sudan
Authors: Author Anonymous
Published: March 2020

For many persons, these words would mean nothing. The reality is that each of these words carried for me serious implications and challenges in the years that I spent working in Sudan. Each of them brought with it feelings of sadness, a sort of “tristesse” that is hard to define, yet overwhelming at certain moments. In many instances, it left me helpless because there was so little I could change except continuing to be there.
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

“When asked where I come from, I tend to hesitate in responding. I do not know where I am from nor do I think I am alone in this situation. I was born in Lebanon, grew up in Switzerland, and pursued my college education in the United States. … Like many of you, each day I find myself enticed by a mosaic of opinions, cultures, religions and people. I am at home everywhere and nowhere. I am never a stranger, yet I never quite belong. Today, I am still rummaging for answers on how to create a stronger base for my precarious situation perched in between two radically different cultures.
Fourth Annual Film Festival
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World at the Lebanese American University - in consultancy with Cine-Club Direct Line - organized its fourth annual film festival entitled "Profiles".
The Street of Slaves
Authors: Al Zougbi Alia
Published: March 2020

According to a recent American report, Lebanon is one of the countries black-listed for engagement in human trafficking  (The Daily Star). Domestic labor is one of the two occupations harboring the largest number of trafficked victims in the country, the other being prostitution (AFROL). Domestic laborers in Lebanon consist largely of African and Asian migrants. These are only permitted into the country under a job contract, which stipulates live-in arrangements, a 12-hour working day and one day off per week, usually spent at home (Kristianessen 11).
In Service to the Movement
Authors: Abowd Mary
Published: March 2020

In the pre-dawn hours of March 25, Mila Windsari Affendi, a 15-year-old maid from Indonesia working in the home of a prominent Gaza attorney, climbed the stairs of her employer’s four-story residence, unlatched a window, and perched her small, shaking body on the frame. While the three young children she cared for slept soundly, Mila clutched her handbag and flung herself off the ledge.
The Non-Arab Woman Ethnographer as Student of the World
Authors: Perkins Alisa
Published: March 2020

The status of Moroccan women in the public sphere is undergoing dramatic change. Last September (2002), 35 women won seats in the Moroccan 325-member House of Representatives, whereas previously, there were only two (ArabicNews 2002). This trend toward increasing visibility challenges long-held notions about the gendering of public space in Arab societies.
Mazes of Boundaries, Identities, Memories and Longings: Letters Between Two Border Passing Women
Authors: Basarudin Azza , Mohammed Maddy
Published: March 2020

It has been quite some time since we had a dialogue in this format, and I welcome the chance to do it again. How are you? Not writing you as often is unhealthy for my soul. Lately, I have been thinking a lot about the topic we so often used to discuss when I lived in Chicago – about a non-Arab woman doing research on Arab women. I know we covered so much ground on this topic, but being back in graduate school makes these questions more prevalent, frustrating and at times, painful. Shall I demonstrate what I mean?
The Denial of Citizenship: The case of Arab women’s rights to pass on their nationality
Authors: Habib Rima , Abou-Habib Lina
Published: March 2020

At present, women throughout the Machreq and Maghreb regions are being denied their full national identities by being excluded from the rights, privileges, and security that all citizens of a country should have access to. Unjust laws, discriminatory constitutions, and biased mentalities, that do not recognize women as equal citizens, hinder women’s rights to such things as political participation, economic security, mobility, and state protection.
The Gender-Sensitive Fact-File: Profiles of the Arab League Countries
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Institute of Women’s Studies in the Arab World (IWSAW), established in 1973, took the whole Arab region as its field of observation and reporting. This far-reaching ambition has sustained the Institute and its publications, especially Al-Raida, ever since. Yet the goal of covering such a large area is a challenging one: the Arab League states - 22 - stretch from Mauritania in the West to the ComorosIslands in the East
Body Image and Breast Cancer
Authors: Accad Evelyne
Published: March 2020

Granted, mutilations against women do not take place solely within the context of this disease, but cancer treatment provides the surgeon with all the necessary alibis. Misogyny is rampant in this field, where there are practically no female cancer specialists of note. How long must we wait before there is a commission of enquiry into female mutilations, and not only the excision of young girls, that poster child of cultural difference, but an enquiry into the whole range of mutilations inflicted upon females, excision in the name of custom, mastectomy in the name of cancer, and on-the-off-chance hysterectomies!Jeanne Hyvrard, Le Cercan (p. 168)
Arab Lesbian Websites: A Brief Overview
Authors: Hamdar Abir
Published: March 2020

Two years ago, Lebanese internal security forces closed a gay and lesbian website and tried to track its owners. The case dragged for sometime and captured the attention of various international human rights organization. A year later, the Egyptian government organized a huge crackdown on its homosexual community.Consequently, the country’s websites were shut because their owners were either arrested or feared arrest. Lebanon and Egypt are not alone. Almost all Arab countries prohibit, monitor or ban gay and lesbian chat rooms and matchmaking websites.
Online Journalism and Development of the Arab Media
Authors: Abu-Fadil Magda
Published: March 2020

Paper presented at the Second Arab Women’s Media Conference, October 24-27, 2002 in Jordan.
Women’s Work in Civil Society Organizations
Authors: El-Shazli Heba
Published: March 2020

Have Arab women been able to be more effective and empowered through their work in civil society organizations? The answer to this question is both in the negative and positive i.e. women have made great achievements yet there are still serious obstacles to be overcome in addition to the setbacks that have occurred. This issue of Al-Raida will address this question through the articles within its pages.
Interviews: Lina Dannaoui and Nisrine Mansour
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Lina Dannaoui and Nisrine Mansour were interviewed by IWSAW staffer Myriam Sfeir for this issue of Al-Raida on Civil Society in their capacity as young professional women heading Non -Governmental Organizations.
A Gossip of Pen and Paper!
Authors: Hamdar Abir
Published: March 2020

My aunt has warned me against writing the story of Tante Amira. She says the lady is her friend and I shouldn’t start gossiping with my pen and paper. I try to convince her … I speak to her about the history of women’s oppression, the comingof the feminist movement, some human rights’ achievements … I tell her certain things would not have been possible were it not for what she calls the gossip of pen and paper ... I tell her changes would not have been conceivable had we all kept silent…
From Lebanon/From Iran
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

From Lebanon: The Tenth Asia-Pacific Workshop on Regional Cooperation For the Promotion and Protection of Human RightsFrom Iran: Dara and Sara, Iran’s Answer to Ken and Barbie
Incarcerated Arab Women
Authors: Khudr Adele
Published: March 2020

The year 2001 continued to witness a rise in the number of prisoners in countries all over the world. Detention conditions remain below the set standards and are even lifethreatening in many instances. Shocking reports of torture inflicted on incarcerated persons are abundant. The fate of women prisoners is often the most horrific, because they are especially vulnerable to custodial sexual abuse. Indeed, in most prisons of the world, male guards outnumber women guards, and the consequence is higher levels of abuse. Other violations include the detention of juvenile inmates with adults and the absence of separation between prisoners heldin pre-trial detention and sentenced prisoners.
International Human Rights Instruments and Laws
Authors: Khudr Adele
Published: March 2020

The second half of the twentieth century has witnessed a strive of the international community to promote respect for human rights and fundamental freedomseverywhere in the world. Within this context, the greatest achievement of the United Nations (UN) system is considered to be the creation of a body ofinternational human rights instruments and laws, amongst them those pertaining to the administration of justice and the protection of prisoners. The present article reviews the concept of international human rights law, the instruments relating to the protection of prisoners and the way these instruments address the issue of women prisoners.
Attributes and Determinants of Female Criminality
Authors: Sinno Dania
Published: March 2020

In the past, gender was often disregarded by male researchers as a variable that needs to be considered in most domains of inquiry. Hence, women represented a minor concern in the writings on criminality prior to the 1950s and the 1960s. They were studied less, appeared less often as subjects of attention and thus remained, on the whole, marginal, secondary and almost invisible. Even when they were studied, they were portrayed in distorted ways.
An International Organization for Human Rights in Prisons
Authors: Maalouf Lynn
Published: March 2020

When lovers of the ‘Arab nation’ proudly hail the ‘glorious’ common denominators bringing together the Middle Eastern and North African countries, they obliterateanother number of less glorious facets, one of which is the appalling conditions prevailing in prisons. Indeed, a quick look at the state of prisons in those countriesreveals practices of torture, arbitrary and illegal detention, disregard of the detainees’ right to defense and sometimes even death. In some countries, arbitrary arrests have even been legalized, mainly to target certain groups; in others,physical punishment is prescribed by law.
Write up
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Addresses and contacts for organisations helping prisoners.
Discourse of Darkness
Authors: Nussair Isis
Published: March 2020

By Fatna El-Beh
Selves of Wives and Selves of Daughters
Authors: Hamadeh Najla
Published: March 2020

I began conducting my research on bedouin co-wives in the summer of 1992 and continued it in the summer of 1993; and for that purpose spent most of those summers in the Bekaa' valley. During the interval between the two summers, and in the winter of 1995, I interviewed a number of urban co-wives in the cities of Beirut and Tripoli and in the town of Baalbeck. My research covered eighty-five women, each of whose husbands had either one or two other wives. Twenty-eight of these were bedouin, thirty-five were sedentary of bedouin origin and twenty-two were urban. The main reason for the restricted number of subjects was the scarcity of polygynous households, especially in the cities.
Marriage, Madness and Murder
Authors: Hamdar Abir
Published: March 2020

Marriage is one human relationship that is portrayed in many Arab women's fiction. It is usually employed as a means to question traditional female roles, re-define feminine selfhood, explore the conditions of female singleness in a patriarchal society, alert us to the emotional and psychological pressures exerted on women within these institutions, and confront us with dramatic examples of the ways in which marriage may legitimize the abuse of women. These ideas are clearly expressed in Alia Mamdouh's Mothballs (Eng. Edition 1996) and Salwa Bakr's The Golden Chariot (Eng. Edition. 1995). By focusing on traditional and non-traditional discourses of marriage, both Bakr and Mamdouh provide a very interesting and yet troubling perspective on the politics of marriage in the Arab world. They also show that for many women, the experience of marriage threatens a woman's identity, worth and existence. In many instances, it leaves nothing but the remnants of a self on the verge of madness.
Feminizing Politics
Authors: Traboulsi Fawaz
Published: March 2020

Contributions to this special issue of Al-Raida deal with the role of Arab women in political decision-making. However, testimonies, opinions, research papers and survey analyses reflect different levels of concern and achievement. Implicitly or explicitly a number of pertinent issues have been raised concerning Arab women and politics- or better Arab women in politics.
Women in the Lebanese 2000 Parliamentary Elections
Authors: Sreih Bahriaa Amar
Published: March 2020

No positive outcome for Lebanese women was expected of the parliamentary elections 2000 - the third elections after the end of the war and the signing of the Taif agreement.
Nayla Moawad: On Politics in Lebanon
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Women in Lebanon have always been involved in the national struggle. Southernwomen resisted the occupation physically and emotionally. Moreover, during theLebanese war, women were the unknown soldiers who kept the family together.Although, women were active participants in public life they were never given achance to participate in politics on an equal basis with men. Men should encouragewomen to be involved in politics. We should move from rallying for women to integrating them in order to succeed in the world of politics.
Maud Fargeallah (1909 - 1995)
Authors: Misk Zeina
Published: March 2020

Maud Fargeallah, the woman who "made and unmade ministers and presidents in her salon" ironically never held any official political post. However, her influence on the local and regional political scenes was not to be underestimated. Renown for her sharp analytical skills and clairvoyance, Maud was a woman who defied all the norms of her society for the cause she loved best: Lebanon's integrity and sovereignty.
Recent Publications/Call for papers/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Call for Papers: Feminist Media Studies is preparing a special issue on Women, HIV, Globalization and the Media.
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

" ... Women's studies as a course and a discourse in the Middle East could benefit from the vast literature produced by Western feminists , without being either daunted or swamped by it or being lured into imagining that feminists anywhere have found the solution to all women's problems. It would be wrong and misguided to assume that Western feminism only applies to the West.
Women's Centers in the Arab World
Authors: Aghacy Samira
Published: March 2020

The idea of a Raida issue on women centers in the Arab world has been on our minds for a long time. The reason for this is because we are very much aware of the pioneering role that these centers have played to enhance the rights of women and to make space for them within the frame.
I had a Dream!
Authors: Hamdar Abir
Published: March 2020

Three weeks ago, I had a dream. In the dream, I gave birth to a bunch of baby girls .. J am not pregnant. I am not even married ... the dream baffles me. I try to describe the dream to my mom. She does not want to hear it. .. my dreams give her the creeps. They always come true. I call my aunt and tell her about my dream .. .I am obsessed with interpreting this dream. My aunt says baby girls in dreams are a good omen. I wonder what good omens are in the horizon. I do not wonder for long ... When you live with the fear of war, you stop wondering about goodomens.
OnlBy Women Documentaries and Videos from Lebanon, Palestine and Egypt
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World, Lebanese American University hosted a one week film festival (27 June - 2 July, 2000) entitled "On/By Women:Documentaries and Videos".
Perceptions of Rape: Insights from Women in Beirut
Authors: Wehbi Samantha
Published: March 2020

A review of Lebanese newspaper reports over a one year period (1993-1994) illustrates that rape was the most frequently reported crime against women, compared to kidnapping, battering, mugging, incest and murder (Abul-Husn, 1994). While rape has captured some media attention, this has been mostly restricted to coverage of cases involving children or where excessive force was employed. ]n fact, authors and activists have begun to argue for the need to conduct empirical investigations since not much is known about rape and other forms of violence against women that are increasingly being reported in Lebanese society (Abu-Habib, 1998; Abul-Husn, 1994; Faour, 1995; LebaneseCouncil to Resist Violence against Women, 1997; Maksoud, 1996; R.S., 1997; Tabbara & 'Assayran, 1994). This lack of research was confirmed in interviewsI conducted both with Dr. May Majdalani, a psychologist and professor at Haigazian University (Beirut), and Dr. Bassima AI-Moulla, Chair of the Public Health Depaltment at the Lebanese University (Beirut). Their own unique explorations of violence against women within the home have detected incidentsof rape, but their studies have not been focused on this form of violence.
A Turbulent Morocco: A Khutta, A Mudawwana, A Reform Movement and Rivalry Frames
Authors: Al-Abiad Rania
Published: March 2020

Morocco, March 13, 2000: Hundreds of thousands of women poured into the streets of Morocco's two main cities for rival demonstrations over government plans to bolster women's rights. In Casablanca, Islamic parties headed by the Party of Justice and Development (PJD) and AI Adl Wa II Ihsan party, both of which occupy seats in Parliament, rallied with around 300 000 followers chanting slogans against the government's suggested reforms and calling for their repeal. In Rabat, a couple of thousand people from feminist groups and political parties such as AI lstiql al and AI Taqaddom Wa AI Ishtirakiyya gathered in support of these reforms. With slogans such as "Yes for the emancipation of women and no for their alienation," "Men and women equal before God, equal before the Law," and "For the dignity of women," they hailed the complete adoption of the government's plan.
Police Response to Violence Against Women Yemen as a Case Study
Authors: Baobaid Dr. Mohamad Awadh
Published: March 2020

Violence Against Women is a subject of great interest to organizations and institutions concerned with human rights. The Fourth International Conference dealing with women's issues described violence against women as a form of human rights violations that is least discussed though widely prevalent.
Diana Moukalled Recounts
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Once every month Diana Moukalled appears on Future TV in a new episode of her program BiI'ayn al Mujarradeh (Through the Naked Eye). In each episode she embarks on a new journey to a different country and reports from there on the prevalent situation. I met Diana Moukalled at the Institute for Women's Studies, and we managed to have a quiet conversation something that would have proven very difficult had we chosen Future TV.
Family Relations and Physical Encounters in Arab Soap Operas
Authors: Hakim Dina Toufic
Published: March 2020

Soap operas, whose viewers have been on the rise globally, are potentially a major force in the transmission of values and lifestyles and sexual information to young viewers. The purpose of this article is to introduce the reader to the content of Arab soap operas in terms of family ties and physical encounter. It examines the themes of various Lebanese, Syrian, and Egyptian soaps and describes the differences, ifany, in the portrayal of the three sub-societies.
Reporting on Rape
Authors: Tadros Mariz
Published: March 2020

The last twelve months have seen an unprecedented surge in press coverage of rape - be it opinion articles, columns or front page stories. Normally, rape stories appear regularly on the crime pages of both government-controlled and opposition newspapers, be they leftist or Tslamist oriented. But two events brought rape to the forefront this year - a fatwa or religious opinion on the rights of rape victims made last November and the revision of the penal code dealing with rape in April 1998.
Globalization of the Media
Authors: Abu-Fadil Magda
Published: March 2020

Does globalization mean we're being conditioned into thinking only of CNN when disaster strikes and we need detailed news of the event? Yes, very likely, because many of our media in the Arab world fall short of the task of providing good, accurate news that is to the point. That does not mean CNN is the best, it just means it operates in a professional nononsense way, most of the time. The network has had its share of flops over the years, but success seems to outweigh failure.
The Global Media Monitoring Project
Authors: Novo Maria del
Published: March 2020

An international day of monitoring took place on Tuesday February I, 2000 when groups in some 70 countries studied the representation of women in the news on TV, radio and in newspapers. The first GMMP, organized by Media Watch Canada, was held in January 1995 and this second study aims to analyze changes in the media situation in half a decade.
Female Identity and Power
Authors: Zaatari Akram
Published: March 2020

The recent history of independent film and video testifies to the significant contributions of women in the field and highlights their role in defining an identity for film and video outside the dominant industry, predominantly a male territory. Far from associating production qualities with the differentgenders, which may lead to superficial - often misleading - conclusions such as describing women's work as sensitive, political, feminine, the question is better posited when it designates the artist's relation to power.
Destiny of her Own
Authors: EI-Yafi Cherine Abou Nasr
Published: March 2020

"Destiny of her Own" is a lavish historical melodrama that has enough suds, sex, and flashes of flesh to appeal to soap opera lovers and enough substance to attract those of a more intellectual bent. It is beautifully filmed , wonderfully acted , and certainly nothing short of entertaining. It deals with themes of forbidden love, religious intolerance, subordination of women, sexual freedom, and the roles of pleasure and sin in a high-cultured society. While the movie does more than pay lip service to themes of female empowerment and religious intolerance, the main focus is hopeless romance.
Women, National Liberation, and Melodrama in Arab Countries
Authors: Shafiq Viola
Published: March 2020

In spite of a long tradition, melodrama has today practically disappeared from the screens of the Arab world, though still alive in TV serials and in some rudimentary elements of Egyptian mainstream cinema. Melodrama is one of the film genres which in Western film criticism has been associated  mostly with women. In Arab cinema it was one of the first film genres to take root. Unlike Arab realism which became highly evaluated as "a touchstone of cultural worth'" and expressed overtly anti-colonial, socialist and modernist views particularly in the time shortly following national independence , melodrama was ghettoized as trivial and escapist.
Does the fact that you are a woman affect your perceptions of issues you are dealing with in film or video? 2. Is your work in film or video committed to women's issues? 3. Do you believe in the existence of a women's cinema that has distinguished characteristics?
Authors: Shohat Ella Habina
Published: March 2020

At a time when the grand recits of the West have been told and retold ad infinitum, when a certain postmodernism (Lyotard) speaks of "end" to metanarratives, and when Fukayama speaks of an "end of history," we must ask: precisely whose  narrative and whose history is being declared at an "end?"
Who is the Prettiest One of All?
Authors: Dabbous-Sensenig Dima
Published: March 2020

In the mid- seventies, Souad Housni the now famous Egyptian actress, shot to stardom in the Arab World thanks to a highly successful box office hit, Take Care of Zouzou (Khalli Balak min Zouzou). Almost two decades later, Julia Roberts became an international star after playing the leading role in Pretty Woman.
Interview with the First Female Film Distributor in Lebanon, Dima AI-Jundi
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Interview with the First Female Film Distributor in Lebanon, Dima AI-Jundi
An Interview with Assad Fouladkar
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

An Interview with Assad Fouladkar
Two Palestinian Documentaries
Authors: Lababidi Fedwa
Published: March 2020

Two Palestinian Documentaries
A Country for all Ages
Authors: Aghacy Samira
Published: March 2020

Oral history as research approach emerges partly from nineteenth century European romantic nationalism, with its enthusiasm for folk-lore and folk-narrative, partly from journalistic investigation into social conditions, for instance Mayhew's study of the London poor (1861) or, much later, the radio journalist Studs Terkel's classic study of the Great Depression (1970).
Elderly Women
Authors: Aghacy Samira
Published: March 2020

Given that the year 1999 has been designated by the United Nations as the International Year for Older Persons with the theme Towards a Society for all Ages,' the File for this issue of Al-Raida is devoted to elderly women. Since the problem of aging in Lebanon is not as drastic as it is in Western and developed countries, we are fortunate to have the time to prepare ourselves, plan ahead and determine whether the measures taken by these countries to alleviate the problems of their aged citizens are also relevant to our culture and society.
Elderly Lebanese Women in an Aging World
Authors: Sibai Abla Mehio , Beydoun May
Published: March 2020

The turning point at which aging begins is ill defined, and the question arises as to whether there can be an age for aging (Tout, 1989). Old age is culturally determined and varies with time, person and place. Philosophers, long time ago, defined old age as the time when the individual reaches his highest point of development. According to Hippocrates, this is reached at 56, to Aristotle at 35 for the body and 50 for the soul and to Dante at 45 (De Beauvoir, 1972). In some cultures, aged is equaled with menopause in females, and in others men are not regarded as old until they are retired. Old age is perceived differently in Bangladesh where life expectancy at birth is 49 years than in Sweden or Japan where life expectancy at birth exceeds 77 years.
Older Adult Men and Women in Palestine: Towards a Better Life?
Authors: Sansur Dr. Michel S.
Published: March 2020

This article is part of a research project financed by the European Commission to assess disability and its psycho-social, economic, and epidemiological impact on families among adults in the West Bank (Occupied Territories) and in Lebanon. The research is co-ordinated by the Department of Community Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK. Partners in this project also include the Institut National d'Etudes Demographique in Paris, France, the Department olHealth Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon, and Aid to the Aged (ATTA) in East Jerusalem, Occupied Territories.
Caring Institutions in Lebanon
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

I hope to retain my independence for as long as possible. This may mean that I have to paym for help, but I do not expect itfrom you or your partners ... If I reach a point when I cannot live independently I do not expect any of you 10 provide me with a home. I hope and plan to make arrangements with some of my friends to live together in some sort of sheltered accommodation but, failing that, I will have to find the most acceptable place I can and if it uses all my savings - well, they are my savings. If, by then, I am unable to make decision.l' for myself; you mayhave to jointly find the best place for me but none of you should feel guilty about not laking the burden. I do nOI want you to do so - whatever I might be saying at the time. (Growing Old Disgracefully, p.179)
Dr. Nazek Saba Yared: Renowned Lebanese Writer
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Dr. Nazek Saba Yared is author of several books and novel s. Some of her books have been translated into English, and one went into the second edition which is very rare for an Arabic book. She is a member of the Baalbeck International Festival Executive Committee and the Lebanese Association for Women Researchers (Bahithat). She has assisted in starting the movement for the protection of battered women in Lebanon. In recognition of her "exceptional initiatives andactivities in the field of culture and development, she received in December, 1998 the Prince Claus Award. She was given the award for her "commitment to Lebanese culture and society" and her "belief in inter-human and interculturalcommunication."
Alia Fattah: Housewife, Retired Worker
Authors: Fattah Alia
Published: March 2020

Born in 1952, in Beirut; of Kurdish ongm; currently living in Musaitbeh, Beirut. Recorded in her home. A son present. Language: colloquial Arabic, with some French words.
Lena Kelekian: Geologist, Iconographer
Authors: Kelekian Lena
Published: March 2020

Born in 1959, in Beirut; of Armenian and Greek Cypriot origin; currently living in Bois de Bologne [Meltn]. Language: English, with some Arabic.
Jeanette Martinez: Employee in a Factory
Authors: Martinez Jeanette
Published: March 2020

Born in 1940, in Ba'bda; currently living in Hadath ; recorded outside The factory. Language: colloquial Arabic with touches of French.
Rania Stephan: Film -Director
Authors: Stephan Rania
Published: March 2020

Born in 1960, in Beit Miri; currently living between Paris, Beirut andWest Bank, Palestine; recorded in Beit Miri family home. Language: Arabic, with large parts in French or English.
Female Labor Force in Lebanon
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The goal of the study entitled "Female Labor Force in Lebanon" is to provide the data base needed to formulate prioritized strategy related to the supply of and demand for women in the Lebanese labor market and to design adequate plans of action and policies to implement such a strategy.
Two Unconventional Jobs Held by One Woman
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Hala takes my brother to school everyday. She also works on the petrol station my family frequents. The two unconventional jobs she holds prompted me to interview her for this issue of Al-Raida. Her husband was present during the interview, so I had a chance to hear what he had to say.
The National Employment Office (NEO): An Answer to Unemployment?
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

The National Employment Office (NEO) is an old/new governmental organization under the umbrella of the Lebanese Ministry of Labor. Its mandate enables it to conduct statistical, economic and social studies and to offer guidance and training.Established in 1979, it closed down four years later in 1983. It was reactivated in 1995, by the Ministry of Labor, upon the recommendation of the International Labor Office (lLO).
From Germany/From Turkey
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

From Germany: Twenty-three feminist writers were awarded the first "Women's Book Oscars" in October this year at the world's biggest book fair in Germany.
Implementation of CEDAW in the Arab Countries: Analysis of Reservations
Authors: Nasser Lamis
Published: March 2020

The Arab world today consists of 22 countries all of which are members of the League of Arab States. These countries are Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan , Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. These countries share a common religion, language, hi story, and cultural heritage as a united distinct entity. The present state of Arab women is best understood and evaluated in light of the current demographic, political, economic, social, and religious situation of the region.
The Situation of CEDAW in Egypt
Authors: El-Hadi Amal Abd
Published: March 2020

Egypt was the first Arab country to ratify the International Conve?tion on the Elimination of All Forms of DlscnmmatlOn Against Women. Th Convention entered into force after its publication in the Official Gazette on December 17th, 1981.
The Forgotten Queens of Islam
Authors: Alameddine Lina
Published: March 2020

The Forgotten Queens of Islam by Fatima MernissiMinneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993.
Julinda Abu Nasr: To Strive, To Seek, To Find, And Not To Yield
Authors: Aghacy Samira
Published: March 2020

When asked by the Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World to write a  tribute to Julinda Abu Nasr on the occasion of her retirement in October, 1997, my mind went back to the short period of time I worked with her as editor of the Al-Raida issue on Women and Literature. In that short span, Julinda stood out as a devoted and inspiring leader of a diverse group of hard working dedicated women.
Women in Agriculture
Authors: Khalaf Mona
Published: March 2020

Women 's involvement in the agricultural sector is a we ll recognized fact, particularly in developing countries where they are the most important food producers and where they ass ist their husbands in most of the farming tasks. Yet, they are still perceived basically as "housewives" and their involvement in agricultural activities is considered as a natural extension of their homemakers' role. As a result of this misconception, programs for economic development in rural areas are almost always designed by men "with the needs of men in mind.'"
Organizing Women: Formal and Informal Women's Groups in the Middle East
Authors: Alameddine Lina
Published: March 2020

Organizing Women:  Formal and Informal Women's Groups in the Middle East Edited by : Chatty, Dawn and Annika Rabo.Oxford Internatianol Publishers Ltd. 1997.
"Many Ghosts To Fight, Many Prejudices To Overcome"
Authors: Aghacy Samira
Published: March 2020

When asked by the Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World to write an introductory article (on the short stories written by Lebanese women since 1960) to a "Bibliography of Lebanese Woman's Writing," I did not hesitate despite many other responsibilities. Starting off, I had expected a handful of stories, but I began to discover that the number of stories as well as novels written by women is considerable. I found out that with the exception of few writers, the bulk of women's writing is virtually unknown to the reader despite the sound quality of many of their works.
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

But, you may say, we asked you to speak about women and fiction - what has that got to do with a room of one's own? I will try to explain.