bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beslutningsstøttesystemer på børn- og ungeområdet - Konstruktionen af en ny vidensform
Authors: Jørgensen Andreas Møller
Published: November 2021

I disse år introduceres socialt arbejde i stigende grad for kunstigt intelligente beslutningsstøttesystemer. På børne- og ungeområdet er danske kommuner, herunder Københavns Kommune Borgercenter Børn og Unge (BBU), ved at udvikle og teste beslutningsstøttesystemer til akutvurdering af underretninger. Forhåbningen er, at teknologierne ved at trække på og lære af store mængder af historisk data kan reducere usikkerheden og dermed understøtte og kvalifi cere fremtidige vurderinger og beslutninger, strukturere og muliggøre tidligere indsatser og dermed levere mere velfærd for færre ressourcer. Beslutningsstøttesystemet beregner på baggrund af matematiske modeller om en underretning er akut. Vurderingsgrundlaget er således et ganske andet end socialarbejderens og ligeså kan systemets beregningsmodel siges at konstituere en alternativ vidensform. I denne artikel undersøger jeg, hvordan beslutningsstøttesystemet i BBU er udviklet og opbygget for hermed at bidrage til forståelsen af denne vidensform og konstruktionen heraf. Undersøgelsesdesign og analyse trækker på Aktør-Netværks Teori og særligt begrebet translation, som anvendes til at udfolde og fortolke de forskellige oversættelsesprocesser, hvorigennem beslutningsstøttesystemets vurdering konstrueres som matematiske og neutrale beregninger. Afslutningsvist diskuterer jeg perspektiverne for socialt arbejde i relation til det øgede fokus på kunstigt intelligente beslutningsstøttesystemer.
Den økonomisk ansvarlige læge i krisetider: Konstituering af lægerollen i 1930erne og 1970erne
Authors: Wadmann Sarah , Pedersen Kirstine Zinck
Published: November 2021

I professionssociologien er professioners kontrol af deres virke længe blevet forstået i modsætning til bureaukratisk og økonomisk kontrol. Nyere studier argumenterer imidlertid for, at særligt New Public Management reformer har ført til en hybridisering eller opløsning af en sådan dikotomi. I denne artikel undersøger vi lægers samfundsøkonomiske ansvar i to væsentlige perioder i velfærdsstatens udvikling, hvor økonomisk recession har været med til at problematisere styringen af sundhedsvæsenet og lægernes rolle. I 1930’erne fi nder vi, at lægernes rolle redefi neres med udvidelsen af sygekassesystemet, der stadfæstede lægegerningen som et offentligt embede og påbød lægerne at mediere borgernes og statens økonomiske interesser. I 1970’erne udfordres den klassiske lægerolle yderligere med krav om øget omkostningsbevidsthed, administrativt overblik og socialmedicinsk udsyn. I begge perioder reagerer lægerne på ansvarstildelingen ved at efterspørge tydeligere regulatoriske rammer og politisk prioritering, som kan guide deres professionelle vurderinger, når de pålægges at forvalte offentligt fi nansierede sundhedsydelser. Vores analyse viser, at velfærdsstatens udvikling og professionsdannelsen er gensidigt konstituerende, og at lægerne også før New Public Management påtog sig samfundsøkonomisk ansvar og kalkulative praksisser, som en udvidet men integreret del af deres lægefaglige embede. Studiet bidrager dermed til at nuancere den klassiske professionssociologiske forståelse af forholdet mellem stat og profession.
Arbejdslivets emotionalitet
Authors: Krøjer Jo , Kyed Morten , Nielsen Mette Lykke
Published: November 2021

I Webers beskrivelse af det klassiske bureaukrati gælder det for de professionelle, at de skal udelukke deres følelser fra arbejdet. Saglig embedsmandspligt forudsætter et ideal om, at ”der disponeres strengt formalistisk i henhold til rationelle regler og – hvor disse ikke slår til – ud fra ‘saglige’ synspunkter med hensyn til formålstjenestelighed; og at det sker ‘sine ira et studio’” [uden vrede og forkærlighed], som Weber bemærkede (2003, bind 2, s. 176)). Men trods bureaukratiets udbredelse, eller måske pga. bureaukratiet udbredelse, har organisationer og arbejdspladser længe været oversete som ’følelsesmæssige arenaer’ indenfor arbejdslivsforskningen (Fineman, 1993, s. 10). De seneste tre årtier er forskningen omkring følelser på arbejdspladser imidlertid vokset markant, og der findes i dag forskning om forskellige følelser, følelsesarbejde, følelseskontrol og følelsesstrategier i en lang række arbejdskontekster (se eks Fineman, 1993, 2000, 2009; Wharton, 2014). Et af de mest betydningsfulde bidrag til forskningen i arbejdslivets emotionalitet er den amerikanske sociolog Arlie R. Hochschilds bog The Managed Heart, der allerede for næsten 40 år siden blev internationalt kendt for sine overbevisende studier af, hvorledes ansattes følelser engageres som en nødvendig del af den vare, de leverer til kunder (Hochschild, 1983). Med denne blev det almindelig anerkendt, at følelser og håndteringen af følelser er en integreret del af moderne arbejdsliv. Med sin undersøgelse af flypersonale viste hun, at det samtidigt indebærer, at særlige former for følelsesarbejde (emotional labour) rent faktisk udgør væsentlige og påkrævede komponenter i ansattes faglighed: At man fx som stewardesse bliver en kyndig udøver af sit fag ved at mestre et smil, der aldrig ser anstrengt ud, uanset hvor krævende en serviceopgave, man udfører, eller hvor længe man har været på arbejde. Kabinepersonalets håndtering og regulering af egne følelser bliver således en del af deres professionalitet. Flypassagerenes tilpashed og velbehag er det produkt, de producerer. Selvom Hochschild med rette er blevet kritiseret for at overvurdere de negative konsekvenser af kommercielt følelsesarbejde, så er hendes indfl ydelse på forskningen omkring følelser på arbejde vanskelig at undervurdere (se eks, Wharton, 2009, Grandey et al, 2013). Mens vi skriver denne indledning er The managed Heart ved at passere 25.000 citeringer på Google Scholar.
Førstelinjearbeid i en digital tid
Authors: Ellingsen Pål , Eriksson Rikard , Røn Maria
Published: November 2021

I den norske arbeids- og velferdsforvaltningen (NAV) har veiledernes kommunikasjon med brukerne utviklet seg fra fysiske møter på kontor til kommunikasjon på internett. Dette er en utvikling fra at brukerne gikk gjennom fysiske dører inn til sine møter med veilederne, til å benytte digitale portaler for å motta tjenester. Problemstillingen til studien var hvordan veilederne i NAV opplever at elektronisk saksbehandling påvirker deres arbeide? Studien baseres på kvalitative intervjuer med 16 veiledere i NAV. Funnene består av fi re hovedtemaer: 1. Hjelpeverktøy og kontrollsystem 2. Mestring av arbeidet 3. Veiledernes subjektivering av brukeren 4. Gjensidig motivasjon mellom aktørene. Motsetningene mellom hjelp og kontroll er nært knyttet til makt og asymmetri i forholdet mellom veileder og bruker, men også mellom leder og veileder. Dette handler om å utøve kontroll på den ene siden, og vise medmenneskelighet og solidaritet på den andre siden. Som veileder i NAV kan det likevel være utfordrende å balansere disse to oppgavene opp imot hverandre. En sentral konklusjon i studien er at elektronisk saksbehandling kan gi veiledere og ledere mulighet for gjensidig mestring av arbeidet gjennom bedre kontroll over saksmengden. Noe som i forlengelsen også kan påvirke begges motivasjon positivt. Mestring innebærer en tydeligere oversikt over aktiviteter, og mer direkte kommunikasjon med brukerne, som også kan frigi tid til flere samtaler med de som trenger det, og mer kunnskap om deres livssituasjon og utfordringer.
Varmluftsstrategi for begyndere
Authors: Sørensen Per Helge
Published: November 2021

Man får ondt i maven af at læse Varmluftstrategi for begyndere af Per Helge Sørensen. Først af grin, men når grinet lægger sig, og man tænker efter, får man ondt i maven, fordi det er en skræmmende beskrivelse af, hvordan vores arbejdsliv er blevet. For arbejdsmiljøprofessionelle, forskere og andre, der arbejder med organisationer, er der mange væsentlige budskaber i bogen – selvom det egentligt ikke er ny viden. Og det gør det måske endnu mere skræmmende. Vi ved det godt, vi beskriver det dog fra andre vinkler. Det kan fx dreje sig om undersøgelser eller projekter, der handler om medarbejdere, der mister meningen med deres arbejde eller bliver stressede, fordi forandringer gør det svært at løse deres opgaver.
Indflydelse på teknologi forudsætter kvalificeret fantasi
Authors: Grosen Sidsel Lond
Published: November 2021

At teknologiske forandringer har betydning for arbejdet – dets betingelser og indhold samt de ansattes oplevelse af arbejdets formål og mening – er ikke til at komme udenom (se fx Badham, 2005; Grosen et al., 2021 under udgivelse). Samtidig er teknologi dog ret upolitiseret med hensyn til ansattes indfl ydelse på arbejdspladsernes valg og anvendelse af teknologier. Hvis der for alvor skal gøres noget ved dét, er det dog ikke nok at kræve, at de ansatte bliver hørt. Det er også nødvendigt at klæde de ansatte på til at kunne tage reel indflydelse, der kan gøre en forskel og som med inddragelse af de ansattes viden om arbejdets udførelse kan kvalificere valg og anvendelse af teknologi. Jeg vil i denne kronik diskutere, hvad det kræver af de ansatte at tage en sådan indfl ydelse på arbejdspladsernes teknologi. Det vil jeg gøre ved at argumentere for, at dét, man kan kalde kvalifi ceret fantasi, er en forudsætning for reel indflydelse. For at kunne forholde sig til hvilken teknologi og teknologianvendelse, der er hensigtsmæssig, må man nemlig være i stand til at forestille sig fremtiden med en teknologi – forestille sig hvad teknologien vil betyde for måden, det daglige arbejder former sig, for hvordan teknologien vil gribe ind i den måde, man tænker og udfører arbejdet og for den måde, man relaterer til kolleger, ledelse, borgere, kunder, elever etc. Det drejer sig altså ikke om hvilken som helst fantasifuld fabuleren, men om fantasi kvalificeret af erfaring med arbejdet.
Éléments naturels et espaces immersifs dans les oeuvres de Doug Aitken à l’ère de l’Anthropocène
Authors: Delaporte Marie-Laure
Published: November 2021

Au-delà d’une nouvelle ère géologique, l’Anthropocène est également une expérience et un imaginaire détournés par les artistes visuels et plasticiens contemporains. Depuis la fin du XXe siècle, des artistes, comme Doug Aitken, s’interrogent sur le rapport du visiteur de musée à l’oeuvre, à son environnement. Ils créent des installations audiovisuelles ainsi que des environnements à partir d’éléments naturels, de faune et de flore, pour positionner le visiteur dans une situation d’immersion corporelle, visuelle et mentale afin de lui faire prendre conscience des phénomènes liés à l’écoulement du temps et aux limites de notre perception.
La protection des immeubles patrimoniaux inventoriés : vers de nouvelles responsabilités pour les municipalités québécoises
Authors: Breton-Demeule Charles
Published: November 2021

La Loi modifiant la Loi sur le patrimoine culturel et d’autres dispositions législatives, aussi connue sous le nom de loi 69, a été adoptée en avril 2021. Cette loi prévoit que les Mrc ont l’obligation d’effectuer un inventaire des immeubles patrimoniaux d’avant 1940 sur leur territoire. De ce fait, elle crée une nouvelle catégorie juridique d’immeubles patrimoniaux, soit les immeubles inventoriés, qui sont dorénavant soumis à des normes pour assurer leur entretien et le contrôle de leur démolition. Après une vague de démolitions municipales dans les dernières années, ce nouveau cadre juridique offre des solutions susceptibles de mieux protéger le patrimoine bâti du Québec.
Le sens et l’histoire du vocable bobettes
Authors: Martin Gabriel
Published: November 2021

Le vocable bobettes est couramment employé au Québec dans les situations de communication informelles comme nom de sous-vêtement. D’origine obscure, ce vocable a une histoire plutôt riche dont les grandes lignes sont ici révélées pour la première fois. Apparu dans le vocabulaire de la mode canadienne-française durant les années 1920, il est d’abord employé pour référer aux jeunes femmes qui portent les cheveux à la garçonne puis à un type de culotte portée par celles-ci. Après une éclipse d’une trentaine d’années, le vocable regagne en vigueur dans les années 1970. Il désigne alors des sous-vêtements aussi bien féminins que masculins.
Robert-Lionel Séguin, ethnohistorien, collectionneur passionné
Authors: Pomerleau Jeanne
Published: November 2021

Au début des années 1980, l’auteure visite l’imposante collection de plus de 20 000 objets de Rls à sa demeure de Rigaud. Elle raconte comment, avec l’aide de son épouse, Huguette Servant, l’ethnologue-chercheur n’a cessé de collectionner les objets jusqu’au soir de sa vie. Elle se remémore, en particulier, une rencontre émouvante de Rls avec son époux, l’ethnologue Jean-Claude Dupont, son grand ami et confrère dans l’étude de la culture matérielle. L’histoire tourne autour d’une lignette, un piège très populaire à l’île d’Orléans pour capturer les plectrophanes des neiges, ces oiseaux blancs si nombreux qu’ils créaient sur leur passage comme « un nuage qui coupaient les rayons du soleil ».
Academe vs. Hollywood: Sweet Liberty, or the Dilemmas of Historical Representation on Film
Authors: Spielmann Guy
Published: November 2021

In Sweet Liberty, writer and director Alan Alda dramatizes the process of turning a scholarly study about the American Revolutionary War into a Hollywood film; he does so in ways that bring out the ethical complexities of adaptation, and eventually takes them to a meta-filmic level rarely seen in non-experimental cinema. While Sweet Liberty initially comes off as a light comedy with a predictable plot and ending, on closer inspection it compels us to reflect on the relationship between historical research and the popular entertainment industry. Although Alda appears to chastise the makers of period films who seek to capitalize on “history” without paying heed to historical facts, his professorial hero is not particularly critically minded either. Intentionally or not, Alda demonstrates that evaluating a mainstream history film cannot be reduced to a dichotomy between truth and fiction, and that research-based knowledge should also be viewed with a healthy skepticism.
De la sociabilité à la pudeur : l’éthique des larmes au xviiie siècle
Authors: Hakim Zeina
Published: November 2021

The eighteenth century occupies a crucial place in the history of tears. Not only did this period gave rise to the concept of sensibility, but it also witnessed the development of new aesthetic and moral codes founded on the exaggerated use of tears. This article, which is concerned precisely with such codes, examines the nature and significance of emotional display in the eighteenth century. It argues that throughout this era, tears were associated with moral renewal and they were intended to be shared, particularly when engendered on the theatre stage. This study also shows how these collective tears were steadily devalued as a public good throughout the nineteenth century, to the point that the act of weeping became personal and intimate, valorizing the individual instead of the communal.
Adolescent Women with Experience of Dating Violence: Self-compassion and Posttraumatic Growth
Authors: Nabilah Vikha Alya , Kusristanti Chandradewi
Published: November 2021

The most frequently reported cases of violence in Indonesia are against women, and the second highest are dating violence. Similar to other traumatic events, violence leads to negative impacts. Conversely, previous research suggests that trauma survivors might experience positive changes, that is, posttraumatic growth (PTG). In fact, this study aims to determine self-compassion’s contribution to PTG among Indonesian adolescent women who have experienced dating violence; to ensure that all participants had experienced dating violence, we used the trauma and life events (TALE) checklist for screening. Self-compassion helps trauma survivors increase positive thoughts and seek meaning. Therefore, in this study, we argue that self-compassion augments PTG. The study is quantitative, with three questionnaires used: self-compassion scale-short form to measure self-compassion (α = .759), posttraumatic growth inventory-short form to measure posttraumatic growth (α = .643) and trauma and life events checklist as the screening tool to ensure participants had experienced a traumatic event. A simple regression test revealed that among participants (n = 306), self-compassion significantly contributed to PTG by 12% (p = .000, R2 = .120). These findings can be used as a reference in establishing preventive programs or interventions to improve self-compassion and increase awareness about healthy relationships, especially among adolescents.
Development of a bioinformatics platform for analysis of quantitative transcriptomics and proteomics data: the OMnalysis
Authors: Tyagi Punit , Bhide Mangesh
Published: November 2021

Background

In the past decade, RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry based quantitative approaches are being used commonly to identify the differentially expressed biomarkers in different biological conditions. Data generated from these approaches come in different sizes (e.g., count matrix, normalized list of differentially expressed biomarkers, etc.) and shapes (e.g., sequences, spectral data, etc.). The list of differentially expressed biomarkers is used for functional interpretation and retrieve biological meaning, however, it requires moderate computational skills. Thus, researchers with no programming expertise find difficulty in data interpretation. Several bioinformatics tools are available to analyze such data; however, they are less flexible for performing the multiple steps of visualization and functional interpretation.

Implementation

We developed an easy-to-use Shiny based web application (named as OMnalysis) that provides users with a single platform to analyze and visualize the differentially expressed data. The OMnalysis accepts the data in tabular form from edgeR, DESeq2, MaxQuant Perseus, R packages, and other similar software, which typically contains the list of differentially expressed genes or proteins, log of the fold change, log of the count per million, thePvalue,q-value, etc. The key features of the OMnalysis are multiple image type visualization and their dimension customization options, seven multiple hypothesis testing correction methods to get more significant gene ontology, network topology-based pathway analysis, and multiple databases support (KEGG, Reactome, PANTHER, biocarta, NCI-Nature Pathway Interaction Database PharmGKB and STRINGdb) for extensive pathway enrichment analysis. OMnalysis also fetches the literature information from PubMed to provide supportive evidence to the biomarkers identified in the analysis. In a nutshell, we present the OMnalysis as a well-organized user interface, supported by peer-reviewed R packages with updated databases for quick interpretation of the differential transcriptomics and proteomics data to biological meaning.

Availability

The OMnalysis codes are entirely written in R language and freely available athttps://github.com/Punit201016/OMnalysis. OMnalysis can also be accessed from -http://lbmi.uvlf.sk/omnalysis.html. OMnalysis is hosted on a Shiny server athttps://omnalysis.shinyapps.io/OMnalysis/. The minimum system requirements are: 4 gigabytes of RAM, i3 processor (or equivalent). It is compatible with any operating system (windows, Linux or Mac). The OMnalysis is heavily tested on Chrome web browsers; thus, Chrome is the preferred browser. OMnalysis works on Firefox and Safari.
Design Code Analysis of Fire Protection Facilities in Hydrogen Refueling Stations
Authors: Park Byoungjik , Kim Yangkyun , Lim Ohk Kun
Published: November 2021

The Korean government has announced the construction of more than 310 hydrogen refueling stations by 2022 to establish a hydrogen infrastructure, which is crucial for realizing hydrogen economy. According to the fire act in Korea, most hydrogen refueling stations are not included in the specific structure for fire protection. Therefore, in this study, the fire protection facilities in hydrogen refueling stations and the amendment methods for those facilities were investigated using the Delphi method. A total of six fire protection facilities, including an automatic fire alarm system and sprinkler, were drawn. It is the conclusion of the paper, however the current fire act does not classified the hydrogen refueling station as the specific structure for fire protection. I think the following is better: Furthermore, hydrogen refueling stations needed to be included in the specific structure for fire protection by modifying the hydrogen storage tank volume. High-pressure gas act and relevant technical codes were further required to connect with fire regulations. Quantitative analysis of fire protection facilities and design codes for hydrogen refueling stations could provide information for the hydrogen infrastructure development.
A Study on a High-Purity Filter System of an Air Charger for an Air Respirator
Authors: Sung Si-Min , Yang Jung-Mo , Park Tae-yul , Ji Dae-Jun , Oh Jaesung , Lim Woo-Sub , Jung Jae-Han
Published: November 2021

The air charged through the air charger must be pure and free from impurities; hence, the role of a filter that removes pollutants, such as moisture, oil, and carbides is very important. The lifespan of the filter is approximately 50 h, and if exceeded, the purification function decreases rapidly. Therefore, it must be replaced periodically. However, economic and environmental problems occur in the process of replacing the filter. This study investigated the extension of the filter lifespan (60 h) and enhancement of the purification function. An auto drain system was installed. The pollutant discharge, maximum noise, and lifespan were confirmed through experiments and commissioned inspections to check the performance. The compatibility of the pollutant discharge function and the structure of the auto drain system was verified by checking the discharge of pollutants. In addition, the maximum noise was certified to be less than 80 dB according to the performance-standard. Finally, the charged air quality was analyzed after 60 h of use, and all the analyzed values were confirmed to be within the performance-standard range.
Analysis of Explosion Accidents in a Chemical Plant using STAMP, a Systematic Cause-and-effect Analysis Technique
Authors: Koo Chae-Chil , Seo Dong-Hyun , Lee Pil-Hyeok
Published: November 2021

The process safety management system for chemical plants was introduced approximately 25 years ago. With the improvement in the safety management levels for the safe operation of the chemical plants, the number of serious industrial accidents has gradually decreased; however, increased damages have been observed when accidents do occur. The cause of accidents has also increased in cases where several factors, including social and cultural factors, are complexly related, in addition to facility and human factors. The need for an overall integrated systemic approach related to society, technology, and organization, and a sequential approach for finding the direct cause of accidents, is growing while analyzing the accidents. For this reason, foreign countries have introduced and applied a method to analyze accidents in an integrated manner from a systemic point of view; however, reports of cases or research results used in Korea. In this study, the case of explosion accidents, which occurred during a trial operation at a domestic chemical plant, was analyzed using Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes, a systematic accident analysis technique, to reveal the primary cause, organizational, and operational problems, so that it can be used for future investigations when other accidents occur.
Melanosis of the Uterine Cervix: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Deshpande Nikhil Sanjay , Mittal Aditi , Munemane Anil B , Karle Ravindra Raosaheb
Published: November 2021

Cervical melanosis is a rare entity in the spectrum of melanocytic lesions of uterine cervix. Melanosis is defined as presence of melanocytes in the basal layer of squamous epithelium causing hyperpigmentation. Authors here by report a case of 57-year-old female who underwent vaginal hysterectomy for third degree utero-vaginal prolapse, showed an incidental gross pathological finding of brownish macular lesion. Histopathological examination showed hyperpigmentation of basal layer without increase in melanocytes. On immunohistochemical examination, basal melanocytes were highlighted by S-100 and HMB 45 immunostains. Thus final diagnosis of cervical melanosis was made. Clinical differentials of cervical pigmented melanocytic lesions include cervical melanomas, blue nevi, congenital or traumatic lesions and melanosis, hence vigilant clinical, gross pathological examination and biopsy is warranted.
Carcinoma Rectum with Prostate and Urinary Bladder Metastasis- A Rare Case Report
Authors: Lakshmi Rabbavijaya Sowjanya , Doddagowda Shilpa Manigatta , Raju Kalyani , Kattepur Abhay K
Published: November 2021

Tumours of the colon and rectum are one of the most common malignancies worldwide. In India, its incidence is less compared to the developed countries however,recently it has increased from past few decades due to sedentary lifestyle and more consumption of animal fats with less dietary fibre intake. The liver and lungs are most common sites of metastasis from colorectal carcinoma; however, it occasionally metastasised to atypical sites by making diagnosis difficult. Due to the high frequency of colorectal carcinoma, even infrequent metastatic sites are important to diagnose as early as possible. Hereby, authors present a case of 53- year-old male, with history of carcinoma rectum and treated with Abdominoperineal Resection (APR) with permanent colostomy three years back. Three years after the diagnosis of carcinoma rectum, the patient was diagnosed with metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma to prostate and urinary bladder which was proven histopathologically. Despite the fact that this condition is uncommon in clinical practice, the possibility of metastatic involvement of prostate and urinary bladder should always be considered when the diagnosis of other primary carcinoma is made.
Prenatal Markers of Foetal Complications
Authors: Al-Omary Hanan L , Alawad Zainab M
Published: November 2021

Prenatal markers are commonly used in practice to screen for some foetal abnormalities. They can be biochemical or ultrasonic markers in addition to the newly used cell free Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) estimation. This review aimed to illustrate the applications of the prenatal screening, and the reliability of these tests in detecting the presence of abnormal chromosomes such as trisomy-21, trisomy-18, and trisomy-13 in addition to neural tube defects. Prenatal markers can also be used in the anticipation of some obstetrical complications depending on levels of these markers in the mother’s circulation. In the developed countries, prenatal screening tests are regularly used during antenatal care period. Neural tube defects, numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities, in addition to some obstetrical problems are commonly screened for, by using prenatal tests. Maternal education about the importance of performing these tests should be done in order to improve the detection rate of foetal abnormalities and some pregnancy complications.
Comparative Assessment of the Bioremediation Potential of Polychaetes (Lug worm-Arenicola marina sp and Syllidae Worm-Syllis prolifera sp) in Aquaculture Pond Sediment
Authors: Oyo-Ita I. O. , Ugbaja U. A. , Oyo-Ita E. E. , Oge C. , Asuquo B. B. , Oyo-Ita O. E.
Published: November 2021

Polychaetes play an important role in nutrient cycling and remediation of coastal ecosystems. Large quantities of organic matter that could lead to pollution of pond and coastal waters are generated by aquaculture waste. To assess the remediation prospects of Arenicola marina and Syllis prolifera species, laboratory sediment microcosm experiments were conducted where large size Arenicola marina and Syllis prolifera were introduced to sediment in microcosm A, large size Arenicola marina to sediment in microcosm B, large sized Syllis prolifera to sediment in microcosm C and no polychaetes to sediment in microcosm D. Microcosm A′, B′ and C′ as replicates for small size polychaetes were also set up, respectively. After 30 days, microcosm A, B and C had significant decrease in organic carbon levels with microcosm B being the highest (Total organic carbon (TOC); 27.87%; p< 0.05). Both large and small polychaetes promoted significant decrease in sulphur (S) content (mean=62.76±0.21; 62.81±0.21%) and iron(Fe) (mean=49.43±1.47; 36.28±5.90%) respectively. Increase in pH by 31.15±0.13% was found in the presence of large size polychaetes, most likely associated with the burrowing process involving oxidation of Fe to Fe2O3. Large size polychaetes had better survival (mean=92±0.82%) than their small size counterpart (mean=55±4.08%). The extent of biodegradation B>A>C>D observed revealed that large size Arenicola marina was a better bioremediator of organic matter (OM), Fe and S enriched aquaculture pond sediment, probably due to its biological characteristics, well suited for the aquaculture than other species of sea worms that produce free swimming larvae. Therefore, large size Arenicola marina significantly improved sediment quality as well as increased its pH without compromising their survival. As the search for a better bioremediator of organically enriched sediment continues, our result revealed large size Arenicola marina as a more promising candidate compared to other species documented elsewhere in the world. Hence, rearing of large size Arenicola marina sp is recommended as their feeding habits are well suited for aquaculture.
Constraints as Perceived and Suggestions as Expressed by Sheep Rearing Farmers in Raichur District of Karnataka, India
Authors: Channappa . , Shashidhar K. K. , Goudappa S. B. , Hulagur Basavaraj , Sreedhara J. N.
Published: November 2021

The study was conducted in purposively selected Raichur district of Karnataka.  Highest number of sheep population criteria were used in selection of taluks and villages. A total of 120 respondents were selected from 06 selected villages of 2 taluks namely Lingasuguru and Raichur The quantitative and qualitative data were used to collected the information  through interview schedule, The present study is highlighted different constraints and suggestion perceived by sheep rearing farmers during management practices simple statistical tools frequency and percentage are used in the study. In socio economic constraints the result found  that majority (71.67%) poor knowledge and Ignorance on management practices followed literacy rate (62.05 %), It was found that a high majority (92.50%) unaware insurance services, poor credit facilities (87.50%), shrinkage of grazing land (76.67%) and cost of medicine (61.67%). Suggestion expressed by  69.17 per cent suggested on vaccination followed by keeping quality of buck (65.00%), increase number of veterinary hospital and staff (60.00%) and increase the community grazing land (37.50%), more than three-fourth of sheep farmers suggested discourage the middle man in market, strengthening the existing the animal market (72.50%) and develop new marketing channel (63.33%).
Agrophysiological Characterization of Maize (Zea mays) Plants from EV 8728 Seeds Irradiated to Gamma Radiation
Authors: Koutoua Ayolié , Martine Beugré Manéhonon , Nadia Kanga Ahou , Sylvie Rachelle N’guessan Affoué , Martial Kanga N’guessan , Léonard Kouadio Kouamé , Akéssé Blaise Kouadio , Kissomanbien Koné Sié , Justin Kouadio Yatty
Published: November 2021

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a tropical annual herbaceous plant of the Poaceae family. It is a cereal cultivated under very varied conditions ranging from tropical to temperate climates. However, the accentuated climate change causes abiotic and biotic stresses reducing the development and the production of the plants. To improve these plants, it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in these stresses. Two doses of gamma irradiation (200 and 300 grays) were applied to the seeds of a variety (EV8728) of maize grown on an experimental plot at the Jean Lorougnon Guédé University (UJLoG). Thus, the morphological, physiological and biochemical behaviors of the plants were evaluated. The results showed that gamma radiation significantly reduces morphological parameters. However, this reduction is accentuated at 300 grays. At the physiological and biochemical level, the radiation reduced the chlorophyll a, b and total (t) contents and the carotenoid content. Additionally, the contents of proline, total protein and total sugar increased with 200 grays and decreased for 300 grays. However, the phenolic compounds content increases with the irradiation dose.
Comparative Evaluation of Cognitive Function among Indian Obese and Non-Obese Middle-Aged Subjects
Authors: Ranjeet Srivarsha , Sridevi G. , Preetha S.
Published: November 2021

Background:  Obesity has become one of the common problems encountered by people of the present day. This condition is often accompanied by cardiovascular problems like hypertension, hyperlipidemia, is chemic heart disease. Also, that the relationship between obesity and cognitive impairment plays an important role in the development of neurodegenerative disorders. But reports on the association between obesity and working memory lack scientific evidence. So, the present study planned to assess the influence of obesity on cognitive functions and compare among obese and non - obese individuals.

Objective: This study evaluated the changes in cognitive functions comparative between samples of obese and non-obese individuals from India.

Methods: Based on the Body Mass Index (BMI), the participants were classified into 2 groups. Cognitive screening was done using MINI MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION and the parameters like level of orientation, registration, recall, language, copy art skills were analyzed and scores were calculated. The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS version 23 and the independent sample t test was used to analyze the differences in cognitive functions.

Results: The study reported that there was statistically significant decline in language, recall and copy art skills in obese individuals compared to non-obese group.

Conclusion: The study concluded an innovative finding that obesity is associated with impaired cognitive performance pertaining to recall, language and copy art and overall decreased MMSE scores indicating that accelerated cognitive decline and neurodegenerative pathologies such as dementia in later life is influenced by changes in body weight. Interventions that target mid-life obesity may be helpful in reducing the cognitive risks associated with obesity.
Comparison of Lymph Node Involvement in Carcinomas during Precovid and Covid Era
Authors: Manasvi P. , Gowtham V. Rishi
Published: November 2021

Background: This is a clinicopathological study comparing the involvement of lymph nodes in various carcinomas before and during the COVID-19 period. During the pandemic the access to healthcare and timely detection and intervention of carcinomas were severely affected. This delay in treatment has led to the progression of malignancies and metastasis to lymph nodes.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of 40 patients (20 from 2019 and 20 from 2021) with carcinomas who were treated by surgical excision of tumour combined with lymph node resection. Histopathological examination of the nodes was done to detect malignant metastasis and the average node positivity rate was calculated.

Results: Lymph node metastasis was observed in 10 patients in 2019 (50%) and 16 patients in 2021 (80%). The average node positivity rate is significantly higher in 2021 than in 2019, in 2019 it is 31% and in 2021 it is 43%. Lymph node metastasis is expected to increase by 43% in 2021.

Conclusion: In the Covid-19 pandemic, a significant decrease and delay of patients presenting to the OPD for neoplasms, resulting in a delay in the diagnosis and treatment of advanced-stage neoplasms that manifest as metastases in the regional lymph nodes.  Surgeons need to be vigilant and extensively explore the all draining affected lymph nodes and resect them.
Prevalence of Malignancy in Solitary Thyroid Nodule-A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kavya A. , Prabu K. R. Manoj
Published: November 2021

Background: Solitary thyroid nodule is defined as discrete mass palpable in an otherwise apparently normal thyroid gland.  Solitary nodule is the common presentation of thyroid disorders.

Objective: This study aimed to look into the prevalence of malignancy in clinico-radiologically detected solitary thyroid nodule and to correlate the findings in pre-operative fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) and post-operative histopathological examination(HPE).

Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in our Institute for a period of 6 months using the data obtained between 2018-2020 of patients who were clinically and radiologically diagnosed as solitary thyroid nodule in the Department of General Surgery.

Results: Out of 30 cases of clinically detected solitary thyroid nodule 7(23.3%)cases was found to be malignant. The mean age of presentation was 41.2 years with male female ratio of 1:9. 25(83.3%)cases was reported as benign nodules according to pre-operative FNAC out of these 2(6.6%)cases turned out to be malignant on post-operative histopathological examination.

Conclusion: It is concluded that from the present study the prevalence of malignancy in clinically detected solitary thyroid nodule is 23.3%. FNAC being sensitive, cost effective and reliable tool in the preoperative assessment of solitary thyroid nodules and HPE in post operative evaluation of clinical specimen both playing a vital role in management of solitary thyroid nodule thus helping in early diagnosis and proper surgical intervention.
Effect of Sustained Isometric and Isotonic Exercises on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability – A Comparative Study
Authors: Harshini S. Sneha , Sridevi G. , Preetha S.
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Isometric exercises are contractions of a particular muscle which doesn’t noticeably change length and the affected joint doesn’t move [1]. Isotonic exercises involve contracting muscle shortens against a constant weight, as when lifting as weight [2,3]. These two different types of exercise have profound changes in the body affecting the respiratory and cardiovascular systems [4]. Studies comparing the effectiveness of isotonic and isometric exercises on blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV) were scanty [5].

Objective: The present study planned to investigate and compare the efficacy of isometric as well as isotonic exercises on changes in blood pressure, heart rate and HRV.

Materials and methods: 10 normal healthy subjects in the age group 17-20 years of both genders participated in the study. All the subjects were assessed under three different conditions: Resting state, After isotonic exercises (20 repetitions of straight leg raise) and After isometric exercises 2 mins of sustained abdominal exercises). After each procedure, blood pressure and heart rate variability were calculated.

Results: Isometric exercises cause reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure while pulse rate increases significantly. Isotonic exercises increase the systolic and diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure significantly. The result is statistically significant with p<0.050.

Conclusion: Thus it can be concluded an innovative finding that isometric exercise causes profound decline in blood pressure and increased heart rate variability thus showing a negative impact on cardiovascular health. So it can be concluded that isotonic exercise improves the circulation and supports the cardiovascular system and strengthens the muscle, improves bone density and boosts cardiac function
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices towards Needle Stick Injuries among Students and Staff in a Tertiary Medical Centre in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Aswin P. S. , Vikrannth V.
Published: November 2021

Background: Needle stick injuries are one of the greatest fears that revolves around the health care workers all over the world, and the majority of them are avoidable by following proper precautionary methods in handling the devices. Even though, by following the precautionary methods, a few accidents may happen a few times and thus resulting in a needle stick injury. The aim of  our study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices towards Needle stick injuries among students and staff in a tertiary medical centre in Chennai, Tamil Nadu , India

Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude, practices about needle stick injuries among students and staff in a tertiary medical centre in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital.

Our study included students and staff of the institution, irrespective of their age and sex. Data collection was carried out using a standardized questionnaire.

Results: 62.1% of the participants know the last universal precaution guidelines of needle stick injuries management. 83.3% are fully vaccinated with anti-HBV.70.9% always use gloves when deal with needles. 14.3% had Needle stick Injury. 40.9% strongly believe that needle stick injury can be prevented. Since adequate awareness is created by the institution, participants in this study have higher knowledge, attitude and practices when compared to reference studies.
Al–Ca, Al–Ce, and Al–La Eutectic Aluminum Alloys Processed by High‐Pressure Torsion
Authors: Rogachev Stanislav O. , Naumova Evgeniya A. , Vasileva Ekaterina S. , Sundeev Roman
Published: November 2021

A systematic study of structure and hardening of two‐phase Al–8% Ca, Al–10% Ce, and Al–10% La eutectic aluminum alloys under high‐pressure torsion (HPT) has been carried out. HPT leads to an increase in microhardness as a result of the formation of a nanocrystalline structure with a high density of crystal defects in the Al–8% Ca alloy and a nano‐ and submicrocrystalline structure with a low density of crystal defects in the Al–10% Ce and Al–10% La alloys, as well as the eutectic particle refinement in all alloys. The predominant crystallite sizes after HPT through five turns are 70–210, 60–120, and 25–45 nm, respectively, in the Al–10% La, Al–10% Ce, and Al–8% Ca alloys. The change in the shape of the curve of the microhardness distribution over the samples’ surface with an increase in the number of turns from 1 to 5 is different for three alloys. The results demonstrate the ultrafine‐grained microstructure development varied depending on the binary alloy systems. Initial as‐cast eutectic particles have a significant effect on the structure and hardening of alloys through their morphology, volume fraction, hardness, and orientational ratio with the aluminum base.
Selective Metallization of Polymers: Surface Activation of Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) Assisted by Picosecond Laser Pulses
Authors: Camargo Magali K. , Uebel Martin , Kurniawan Mario , Ziegler Karl F. , Seiler Michael , Grieseler Rolf , Schmidt Udo , Barz Andrea , Bliedtner Jens , Bund Andreas
Published: November 2021

The selective metallization of nonconductive polymer materials has broad applications in the fields of integrated circuit technology and metallized patterns. This work discusses a methodology to pattern metal tracks on polybutylene terephthalate substrates. The process consists of three steps: 1) surface patterning with picosecond laser pulses (1030 nm) in air, 2) Pd seeding via treatment in PdCl2solution, and 3) selective metallization via electroless copper deposition. Picosecond laser irradiation promotes not only surface roughening but also chemical modification to enable Pd seeding as the polymer surface acquires the ability to reduce Pd(II)‐chloride species to metallic Pd. The laser parameters, as well as the PdCl2concentration and seeding temperature, have an influence on the polymer surface morphology, the concentration and distribution of metallic Pd, and the copper layer properties. Homogeneous copper layers with well‐defined geometries, good coating‐substrate adhesion, and high electrical conductivity can be obtained. This is ascribed to the synergistic effect of the chemical surface activation and roughness development (from 0.13 to ≈1.6 μm). As the patterning and surface activation are performed in air, directly on the as‐received polymer substrate, this methodology shows great potential for metallization of electronic devices with 3D complex geometries.
Multi‐Color Au/Ag Nanoparticles for Multiplexed Lateral Flow Assay Based on Spatial Separation and Color Co‐Localization
Authors: Zhang Yi , Yu Yue , Ying Jackie Y.
Published: November 2021

Paper or membrane‐based lateral flow assay (LFA) is a well‐established platform widely used in point‐of‐care diagnostics. The multiplexing on LFA platform is mainly realized by spatially separating test lines along the test strip, and it has limited multiplexing capability due to space restriction. In this report, a new strategy for multiplexing on LFA platform is presented. In addition to spatial separation, morphology and composition‐controlled Au/Ag nanoparticles of three primary colors are also employed to add another parameter for multiplexing. The co‐localization of primary particles would result in an array of secondary colors as an indication of various target combinations. This two‐parameter multiplexing strategy significantly improves the multiplexing capability of LFA, and extends the applicability of LFA to more complicated analysis. Using the proposed two‐parameter multiplexing LFA, all 32 combinations of two protein and three DNA targets are successfully identified. Subtyping of three herpes viruses is also performed by amplifying the viral DNA with loop‐mediated isothermal amplification, and detecting the amplicons using the two‐parameter multiplexing LFA.
Ionic Crosslinking‐Induced Nanochannels: Nanophase Separation for Ion Transport Promotion
Authors: Chen Weipeng , Dong Tiandu , Xiang Yun , Qian Yongchao , Zhao Xiaolu , Xin Weiwen , Kong Xiang‐Yu , Jiang Lei , Wen Liping
Published: November 2021

Charge‐governed ion transport is crucial to numerous industries, and the advanced membrane is the essential component. In nature, the efficient and selective ion transport is mainly governed by the charged ion channels located in cell membrane, indicating the architecture with functional differentiation. Inspired by this architecture, a membrane by ionic crosslinking sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) and imidazolium‐functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone) is designed and fabricated to make full use of the charges. This ionic crosslinking is designed to realize nanophase separation to aggregate the ion pathways in the membrane, which results in excellent ion selectivity and high ion conductivity. With the excellent ion transport behavior, ionic crosslinking membrane shows great potential in osmotic energy conversion, which maximum power density can be up to 16.72 W m−2. This design of ionic crosslinking‐induced nanophase separation offers a roadmap for ion transport promotion.
Imidodiphosphoric Acids Catalysed Asymmetric Functionaliza‐tion with Thiols: Access to Oxindole Derived ɑ‐Chiral Thioethers
Authors: Qin Xiangshuo , Jiang Guofeng , Gao Jigang , Zhang Heng , Sun Dongyang , Zhang Guangliang , Zheng Liangyu , Zhang Suoqin
Published: November 2021

Chiral imidodiphosphoric acid‐catalysed asymmetric functionalization of 3‐hydroxy bisindoles was established. Sulfur‐containing groups could be successfully introduced into isatin frameworks using commercially available thiols. The transformation was compatible with substrates bearing distinct substituents, both aromatic and aliphatic thiols were amenable to afford the desired products. A total of 41 reactions furnished various chiral 3‐thiooxindoles in 23%–99% yield, with 72%–99% enantioselectivity.

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