bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
World Literature Representation via Video Games
Authors: Alshhre Ali
Published: March 2023

This article aims to answer the following question: can video games be a dynamic medium for globalizing an adapted work of literature to be later played and received by gamers who might learn and increase their literary and cultural knowledge? World literature scholarship, gamer-response theory, game studies research, and my experience of playing Assassin’s Creed (2007) were used to explore how video games can globalize world literature to increase readership. The video game Assassin’s Creed (2007), adapted from Bartol’s Alamut (1938), was used to both discuss how world literature can be transmitted via video games and demonstrate how video game adaptations can be beneficial for learning and increasing global readership among gamers. The process of globalizing Alamut via Assassin’s Creed is shown by focusing on how the game employs different themes taken from the novel, its narrative, and some actual historical characters and places, such Acre, Jerusalem, Damascus, and Masyaf castle. Using literary novels and adapting them as video games can be adequate for incorporating those novels into world literature because the novel’s narrative is transmitted and exposed to gamers worldwide, thereby facilitating the transmission process of the novel’s content. Thus, it is recommended that the possibility of expanding world literature should be explored via adaptations of novels into video games.
Proximity Principle in Legal Translation
Authors: Ghazala H. S.
Published: March 2023

This research paper introduces to proximity principle as an approach to translation in general, and legal translation in particular, when the full meaning is not attainable in the Target Language(TL). The main problem of this study is how to translate legal texts more approximately than accurately due to several reasons highlighted below. The principal aim of the study it to probe the principle of proximity as a translation strategy compared to perfect equivalence. accordingly, the importance of the study lies in understanding the process of the translator’s strife for approximate meaning in the TL. So, the main question of the paper is how translators manage and struggle to translate unfindable legal terms closely into the TL. On the other hand, the methodology of the study is based mainly on theoretical definitions, logical arguments, analytical and practical discussion, translation procedures and strategies, and culminated by conclusions and findings. One main finding is to establish the principle of proximity in translating legal texts in specific as a major strategy in translation theory to sort out solutions to the problems of translating non-equivalent legal terms. Finally, the paper covers points like the scope of proximity principle, its applicability, the justifications for using it, volume of potential loss of meaning involved, its credibility, proximity vis-à-vis faithfulness and accuracy, etc. All these and other points are considered in relation to a huge number of applications in practice in legal context.
Machine Translation of Selected Ghazals of Hafiz from Persian into English
Authors: Ghassemiazghandi Mozhgan
Published: March 2023

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is an end-to-end learning approach for automated translation with the potential to overcome many weaknesses in conventional phrase-based translation systems. However, there are still grey areas that need attention in the field of machine translation, mainly in the context of literary translation and poetic language. This research aims to identify the shortcomings of the NMT in addressing ambiguity and the semantic complexities of poetic expressions that are important in translating literature in a cross-cultural and multilingual context. Furthermore, while human translators struggle to retain naturalness and accuracy in translation, this research aims to identify to what extent machine translation could convey the message in translating literary-based texts from Persian into English. The corpus of this study consists of Forty ghazals from the Divan of Hafiz, which is translated by a computer-assisted translation software, memoQ and then compared to the authentic translation of Hafiz by Henry Wilberforce Clarke. This comparative descriptive study portrayed the challenges and issues related to Hafiz’s poems, which demonstrate that the literary touch is lost in MT products.
Texts from the Book of Al-‘Ain in Mu’jem Al-Buldaan by Yaqut al-Hamawi “The Dictionary of Countries”
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Sa’eed
Published: March 2023

Mu’jem Al-Buldaan by Yaqut al-Hamawi “The Dictionary of Countries” was not only a book in the geography of places but it was an encyclopedia of knowledge. It includes language, literature, history as well as other various arts. It demonstrates the exactitude and precision of the author. The present study investigates the cited texts taken from the Book of Al’Ain. The researcher found that twenty-three texts were identical. And six texts were non-identical. However, it was not the aim of the present study to introduce the author of Mu’jem Al-Buldaan.. i.e., Yaqout al-Hamawai, due to his widely spread reputation and because his two dictionaries Mu’jem Al-Buldaan and Mu’jem Al-Odebaa’: Irshad Al-Areeb li Ma’rifet Al-Adeeb “Dictionary of Writers: Guiding the Intellectual to Know the Writer” have become two corpora on which scholars rely. The study has established that the book of Al’Ain was widespread during the seventh century during which Yaqut al-Hamawi had lived when he cited these texts which we have investigated.
Resisting the Disability Gaze in Amy Webb’s Picturebook Awesomely Emma
Authors: Almutairi Reham
Published: March 2023

Recently, the (mis)representation of disability and disabled people has become a key topic of conversation within disability studies. These misrepresentations result from the disability gaze—depicting disability and disabled people in literature and popular culture from the perspective of non-disabled people that often cast disabled people in myriad stereotypical representations. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how the disability gaze is negotiated in Awesomely Emma (2020), a children’s picturebook by Amy Webb, illustrated by Merrilee Liddiard. Drawing on disability studies and visual analysis scholarship, this study highlights how the disability gaze is resisted and destabilized in this picturebook by using staring back—a strategy of resistance developed by disabled people that involves looking back at non-disabled people to demand recognition and resist silencing and marginalization. The study demonstrates how Awesomely Emma employs the process of staring back at the visual and verbal levels as a tool for resistance and activism against the rhetoric of disability discrimination and stigmatization, thereby significantly contributing to disability counternarratives. The significance of this study lies in its manifestation of the role the process of staring back can play in transfiguring entrenched, negative ways of disability representation to propose alternative means of understanding and reimagining disability.
Interpersonal Skills in the Development of Translation Competence
Authors: BILOVESKÝ Vladimír
Published: March 2023

The present study aims at developing students’ interpersonal competencies in the process of translation training. Translators are expected to possess a specific profile including interpersonal competencies that are compatible with the needs of labor market, translation market and employers. Ergo, this study is targeted towards inquiring interpersonal skills (communication, presentation skills, teamwork, stress management, time management, conflict management, flexibility, responsibility, self-motivation, and assertiveness). As a start, the study pinpoints the changes in the labor market, and translation market influenced by the development of new technologies, globalization and needs by employers. Moreover, it highlights some educational consequences and the role of academia in those changes. Therefore, after ascertaining the needs of current employers a feasible model of interpersonal competencies development in the process of acquiring translation competence is devised and designed. The model incorporates both the development of translation competence and the development of interpersonal skills. Thus, the suggested model is deliberated to be a part of a program for teaching specialized translation whose aim is to develop translation competence and interpersonal competencies and in consequence to gain a better position in the labor market.
Post-Nietzschean Contributions to Translation
Authors: Alwadani Essa Milhim
Published: March 2023

Post-Nietzschean thought has subverted the metaphysics of essentialist Platonic thinking about meaning. It has made significant contributions to elevating translation to a superior position after being considered inferior and secondary by essentialist thinking for more than two millennia. The purpose of this paper is to answer the question: What insights do we gain from post-Nietzschean thought into meaning, and how might these impact the future of translation? We will shed light on some of the significant post-Nietzschean contributions that have paved the way for various insights into translation. These insights primarily contradict the essentialist viewpoint on the concept of meaning in translation, which has long regarded translation as inferior to the original. This paper adopts a corpus-based method that focuses mainly on Jorge Luis Borges’ enriching analysis of The Translators of The Thousand and One Night and Jacques Derrida’s reasonable letter entitled A Letter to a Japanese Friend. It also incorporates some other relevant arguments, including the work of Rosemary Arrojo, which contrasts many key post-Nietzschean contributions to provide anti-platonic perspectives on translation’s role in the formation of meaning and identity. This study suggests that post-Nietzschean perspectives on meaning may prompt us to reconsider our understanding of meaning and the original text, as well as our approach to translating and teaching translation
The epidemiological situation of brucellosis in Isfahan province (2021)
Authors: Ayatollahi Jamshid , Shafiee Sadaf , Mousavi Seyed Alireza , Hamidfar Mahdie , Shahcheraghi Seyed Hossein
Published: March 2023

Brucellosis is one of the most important health and economic challenges of many developing countries, including Iran. The present study was conducted in the cities covered by Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services with the aim of investigating the epidemiology of brucellosis in Isfahan province. Our research was a cross-sectional study on all people suffering from brucellosis disease who were identified in Isfahan province during 2021. Data was analyzed using appropriate statistical methods and by SPSS. In the present study, most of the brucellosis patients were men. Most of them lived in rural areas. The age groups of 30-40 years and less than 20 years included the most cases of patients. Planning to empower at-risk groups in facing risk factors and strengthening the care system are important in the prevention and control of brucellosis.
Tematyka ekologiczna w słowackim Państwowym Programie Nauczania dla szkół podstawowych (drugi etap edukacyjny)
Authors: Račáková Anita
Published: March 2023

Artykuł jest poświęcony analizie słowackiego Państwowego Programu Nauczania dla szkół podstawowych pod kątem uwzględnienia w nim tematów związanych z klimatem, ewentualnie z szeroko rozumianych zagadnień dotyczących środowiska naturalnego i jego ochrony. Celem autorki było ustalenie, czy program zawiera tę aktualną problematykę, a jeśli tak, to w jakich obszarach i przedmiotach jest ona uwzględniana, w jakiej formie i w jakim zakresie. Na podstawie analizy stwierdzono, że tematyka ekologiczna i klimatyczna w słowackich programach nauczania dla drugiego etapu edukacyjnego jest częścią obowiązkowego nauczania ponadprzedmiotowego w obszarach Człowiek i przyroda oraz Człowiek i społeczeństwo lub fakultatywnego przedmiotu przekrojowego edukacja ekologiczna; wpisuje się też w obszary Człowiek i wartości oraz Język i komunikacja, w ramach których jest narzędziem rozwijania osobowości ucznia.
Jak edukować w czasach kryzysu klimatycznego i środowiskowego?
Authors: Skubała Piotr
Published: March 2023

Edukacja ma do odegrania kluczową rolę w budowaniu i zapewnieniu bezpiecznego świata dla ludzkości. Dzisiaj nabiera szczególnego znaczenia, gdyż przestrzeń, która dotąd była bezpieczna dla ludzi, przestała taką być. Naukowcy ogłaszają czerwony alarm dla Ziemi. Aby uniknąć najgorszego, trzeba podjąć nadzwyczajne, kryzysowe środki. Konieczna jest między innymi radykalna zmiana w edukacji. Jej nadrzędnym celem musi być ukształtowanie postawy młodego człowieka w poczuciu jedności z przyrodą, zdolnego do troski o inne byty pozaludzkie. W artykule przedstawiono dziesięć wskazówek, które powinny kształtować proces edukacyjny, jeżeli chcemy wychować pokolenie ludzi świadomych, empatycznych, zdolnych do podjęcia skutecznych działań w celu zażegnania kryzysu klimatycznego i środowiskowego.
Anionic competition on arsenate removal by modified granular ferric hydroxide adsorbent
Authors:   Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University - Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai Street, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Pham Hoang Giang , Nguyen Tran Thanh Son ,   Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University - Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai Street, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Pham Thi Thuy ,   Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University - Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai Street, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Manh Khai ,   Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University - Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai Street, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Bruggen Bart Vander ,   Department of Chemical Engineeing, Katholieke University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, box 2424, B-3001 Heverlee (Leuven), Belgium, Nguyen Thi Thanh Mai ,   Long Bien Secondary School, 16/163/3 Tu Dinh Ward, Long Bien District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: March 2023

The presence of inorganic forms of arsenic in water causing a serious threat to human health. Exposure of arsenic can cause serious diseases such as skin discoloration, cancer of skin, kidney and lung, blood vessel diseases, high blood pressure, and reproductive disorders. Removal of arsenic to provide safe drinking water was conducted to investigate the effects of individual and combined anions (sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, and chloride ions) on the arsenate adsorption capacity of modified granular ferric hydroxide adsorbent in batch experiments. The observed adsorption data fit the Langmuir model well. The presence of sulphate (400 mg/l), nitrate (15 mg/l), and chloride (250 mg/l) ions did not significantly affect the arsenate adsorption and the maximum adsorption capacity of arsenic was reduced by less than 5%. In contrary, phosphate ions showed strong competition for the adsorption process as the maximum adsorption capacity of the material was reduced by 59.8 and 73% at concentrations of 0.2 and 0.5 mg/l, respectively. The results also showed that phosphate anions were slightly preferable than arsenate in their competitive adsorption by the adsorbent.
Skin cancer detection using effective optical parameters and the classification and regression tree algorithm: A novel framework
Authors:   School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Thanh Truc ,   Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Huu Duc Minh ,   Faculty of Traditional Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Le Thanh-Hai ,   Department of Information Technology Specialization, FPT University, Lot E2a-7, Road D1 Hi-Tech Park, Long Thanh My Ward, District 9, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Phan Quoc-Hung ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, National United University, 2, Lienda, Miaoli, Taiwan, Pham Thi-Thu-Hien ,   School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,   Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: March 2023

Early detection of skin cancer matters because diagnosis, prognosis and treatment plan differ for each skin cancer type at their stages. Medical imaging taking the advantages of the non-invasive and non-ionizing polarized light is emerging as a tool for the development of screening and diagnotic tests. In this work, we proposed a novel framework to classify human melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer using the Classification and Regression Tree algorithm (CART). The samples were prepared from twenty-four non-melanoma skin cancer samples (consisting of twelve squamous cell carcinoma and twelve basal cell carcinoma samples); and three melanoma skin cancer samples. We calculated ten optical parameters from anisotropic biological tissues, namely the LB orientation angle (α), the LB phase retardance (β), the CB optical rotation angle (γ), the LD orientation angle (θd), the linear dichroism (D), the circular dichroism (R), the degrees of linear depolarization (e1 and e2), the degree of circular depolarization (e3), and the depolarization index (∆) using Stokes-Mueller matrix formalism. All effective optical parameters of biological tissue were then input into the CART classifier as predictors. The model yielded an accuracy of 92.6%, which is desirable for any robust and interpretable classification model. The results showed that for biological tissue samples, linear polarization properties dominate over circular ones due to the cellular microstructural composition of tissue, especially under anomalous growth as seen in skin cancer. This novel framework can potentially assist physicians in making timely and well-informed medical decisions.
Correlation of Epstein-Barr virus copy numbers, MICA expression and rs2596542 variant in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumour
Authors:   Center for Gene-Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Kim Lien Ward, Dong Da Dictrict, Hanoi, Vietnam, Ta Thanh Dat , Nguyen Thanh Binh ,   Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Kim Lien Ward, Dong Da Dictrict, Hanoi, Vietnam, Van Khanh Tran ,   Center for Gene-Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Kim Lien Ward, Dong Da Dictrict, Hanoi, Vietnam,   Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Kim Lien Ward, Dong Da Dictrict, Hanoi, Vietnam, Le Manh Thuong ,   Department of Anatomy, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Kim Lien Ward, Dong Da Dictrict, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hai Long Ha Le ,   Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Kim Lien Ward, Dong Da Dictrict, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Hoang Viet ,   Center for Gene-Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Kim Lien Ward, Dong Da Dictrict, Hanoi, Vietnam,   Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Kim Lien Ward, Dong Da Dictrict, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: March 2023

Major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related A (MICA) is a tumour antigen that is greatly expressed on the surfaces of human malignancies and infection cells, which trigger attachment to immune cells. Although many studies have investigated the role of the MICA rs2596542 variant involved in high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the expression regulation of rs2596542 MICA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) susceptibility with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is still ambiguous. Therefore, this study was conducted to elucidate the association of rs2596542C/T and EBV load to MICA expression in NPC tissues. A total of 70 tumour tissues from NPC patients were enrolled in the current study. The genetic variant of rs2596542 was identified by Real-time PCR genotyping, and MICA protein expression was quantified by immunohistochemistry staining. A significant difference was observed in the expression of MICA regarding EBV copy numbers (p<0.01). High expression of MICA presented a considerably lower EBV status. In addition, higher expression of homologous MICA rs2596542 CC was significantly associated with a lower EBV load (p<0.001) thus suggesting a protective role of allele C against the infection of EBV. In summary, rs2596542 MICA plays an important role in the immune response preventing the EBV among NPC patients as well as developing a new predictive biomarker for virus susceptibility to cancers.
Life Expectancy of Couples in Canada
Authors: AlFakhri Marwa , Compton Janice
Published: March 2023

Si l’on trouve facilement des estimations de l’espérance de vie individuelle, ce n’est pas le cas des estimations pour le couple. L’absence de ces estimations peut être préjudiciable aux couples qui prennent ensemble des décisions importantes concernant notamment la retraite, l’épargne et d’autres considérations qui viennent avec l’âge. De plus, l’utilisation des mesures disponibles pour les individus peut conduire à des erreurs, car cela produit une surestimation du nombre d’années que le couple peut s’attendre à vivre ensemble (espérance de vie commune) et une sous-estimation du nombre d’années que la personne veuve peut s’attendre à survivre à son conjoint ou à sa conjointe (espérance de vie du conjoint survivant ou de la conjointe survivante). Dans cet article, nous utilisons les données de la Banque de données administratives longitudinales pour fournir des estimations de référence quant à l’espérance de vie commune et à l’espérance de vie du conjoint survivant ou de la conjointe survivante des couples canadiens, et montrer que ces estimations varient selon le revenu et la situation d’emploi des couples qui approchent de la retraite.
Effect of Retirement on Life Satisfaction in Canada: Evidence from the 2008–2009 Canadian Community Health Survey–Healthy Aging
Authors: Adawi Anfal , Ferrara Ida , Malik Sadia M.
Published: March 2023

Parce qu’elle représente une transition majeure dans la vie de la population âgée, la retraite peut avoir une incidence sur le bienêtre, en raison des changements liés au mode de vie, aux émotions et aux finances qui l’accompagnent. Dans cette étude, nous étudions empiriquement l’effet de la retraite sur la satisfaction à l’égard de la vie au Canada, à l’aide des données de l’Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes – Vieillissement en santé de 2008–2009. Isoler l’effet de la retraite sur la satisfaction à l’égard de la vie présente des difficultés intrinsèques : autosélection, causalité inverse et hétérogénéité non observée propre à la personne pouvant avoir une incidence à la fois sur la satisfaction à l’égard de la vie et sur la décision de prendre sa retraite. Pour tenir compte de ces facteurs, nous étudions les seuils pour l’âge de la retraite déterminés par la Sécurité de la vieillesse et du Régime de pensions du Canada/Régime de rentes du Québec en tant que variables instrumentales dans la décision de prendre sa retraite. Les estimations qui résultent de nos analyses donnent à penser que la retraite a un effet positif et important sur la satisfaction à l’égard de la vie de la population âgée au Canada. Cet effet demeure significatif après contrôle des variables de l’âge, du sexe, de l’état matrimonial, du niveau de scolarité, du revenu du ménage, de la race, du statut d’immigrant et des effets fixes à l’échelle provinciale.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FORMATION BY MEANS OF DANCE SPORT
Authors: Lavrentiev O.M. , Marchenko K.L. , Domin V.A. , Khomenko V.I.
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the problems of special physical training of athletes-dancers. To master competitive programs, dancers need special physical training, which includes various parameters of locomotor skills and non-standard skills for performing complexly coordinated dance elements. Dance is not only a physical exercise, but also one of the forms of psychological relief. Unlike other physical exercises, dancing has no age restrictions. By examining the structure of dance movements, it can be stated that they have the dynamics of movement abilities, an emotional component, and the rhythmic content of music, which in general create a deep and interesting artistic image. High-speed dance movements performed with maximum amplitude require increased physical effort, strength, endurance, flexibility, and coordination of movements. Athletes- dancers of different age groups and skill levels need not only to improve, but also to maintain their physical form, which allows them to successfully perform at competitions. Therefore, when building the training process, it is worth paying attention to both the complex of general physical exercises and the complex of special exercises.

Nowadays, it is impossible to achieve success in dance sport without a high level of development of these qualities since a decrease in their level in athletes-dancers leads to a deterioration in sports results.
Character Education Program Management to Improve Student's Religious Attitudes in Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Ula Hamidatul , Suwarno Suwarno
Published: March 2023

This study aims to describe the management of character education programs to improve students' religious attitudes in the era of information disruption. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by interview, observation, documentation, and triangulation. The data analysis technique was carried out in several stages: data collection, condensation, data display, and conclusion. This study found that managing character education programs to improve students' religious attitudes was carried out through several stages. The first stage was planning which was documented in the madrasa curriculum document, madrasa work plan document, and madrasa context analysis document. The second stage is organizing, namely by forming a division of tasks and religious teams, providing facilities both in the form of facilities and non-facilities. The third stage is implementation through various program activities in the form of extracurricular activities, routine activities, and extracurricular activities. And the fourth stage is the supervision carried out by the religious team in coordination with subject teachers, homeroom teachers, and counseling guidance, as well as establishing communication with students' parents.
An Innovation in Planning Management for Learning Arabic at Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Arifin Zainul , Desrani Ayu , Wardana Ritonga Apri , Ibrahim Faishol Mahmoud Adam
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study: first, to find out the type of language boarding program at the Salafiyyah Syafi'iyyah Islamic Boarding School in Situbondo. Second, to find out the planning of programs offered in the language boarding house Salafiyyah Syafi'iyyah Sukorejo Situbondo. This study uses qualitative research with descriptive methods. The data collection is done by observation and interview with the head of the language boarding house. Data analysis in this study consisted of 3 stages: data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results of this paper inform several things: 1) The type of activity: mufrodat, al-barqi, khitobah (khitobah, khitobah rolling, khitobah akbar), reading books, memorizing, insha ', club studies, competitions (reading books by examining memorization from Arbain and mufrodat and mc traditions, reading news, advertisements, khitobah, debates, and drama).  2) Arabic language program in language boarding house using a SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) with the type of short-term planning that is within a year in the form of operational plans to achieve long-term goals.
H-Compact Space
Authors: Asker Hussein Kadhum
Published: March 2023

Using the concept of H-open set, we introduce the concept of H-compact space. Several properties of H-compact spaces are proved , among these are:H-closed subset of H-compact is Â Â Â Â  H-compact.The continuoues image of H-compact Â Â Â Â  is H-compact.H-compact subset of H-Hausdorff is Â Â Â Â  H-closed.
On b-Syndetic Sets Ahmed L.M. Al-Hindawe
Authors: Al-Hindawe Ahmed L.M.
Published: March 2023

ThisÂ  paperÂ  introduce the notion of Â b-syndetic sets and give new results byÂ  using thework ofÂ  W. Gottschalk (1955), H. Lee (1985),Â  D. AndrijevicÂ´(1996) and S. Al-Kutaibi (1997).
An Experimental Design for Nursing Student
Authors: Alkutubi Hadeel Salim , Zaid Inaam Abed
Published: March 2023

In this study we present five variables of lecturer's evaluation in department of community health nursing, college of Nursing, Kufa university in Iraq for 2011. The data is analyzedÂ  using completely random design, LSD and factorial Experiment to explain the significant difference between all variables (scientific ,personality ,ability of evaluation and ability of communication ) for each type of evaluation. SPSS program (version 16) was used throughout this study to analyze the data and to generate various Tables .
THE DISCRETE CLASSICAL OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEM of A SEMILINEAR PARABOLIC EQUATION (COCP)
Authors: J Chryssovergh I , Al-hawasy Amir Ali
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the continuous classical optimal control for systems of a semilinear parabolic partial differential equations is described with a equality and inequality state constraints. First, the considered continuous classical optimal control problem is discretized into a discrete classical optimal control problem by using the Galerkin finite element method in space and the theta finite difference schemeÂ  ( Â  Â  Â  Â  Â  Â  Â  Â  Â  Â  Â  Â  -method)in time. The classical continuous controls are approximated by picewise constants. Second the existence of a unique solution of the discrete state equations for fixed discrete classical control is studied. Third, the existence theory for optimality of the discrete classical problem is proved, and the discrete adjoint equations are developed corresponding to the discrete state equations. Finally the necessary conditions and a picewise minimum principle are derived for optimality of the discrete classical problem so as the sufficient conditions.
Andean community – Eurasian Economic Union: are there any prospects?
Authors: Berezina Elizaveta
Published: March 2023

The article examines the integration experience of the Andean Community (CAN) in the context of its relationship with the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), basing on the interdisciplinary approach. During the period of its existence, the Andean Community has repeatedly undergone a state of internal crisis and reforming of the institutional model, but managed to succeed in creating a Free Trade Area and strengthen extra-regional ties. Its initiatives and extensive institutional structure largely testify to the strengthening of socio-economic cooperation between countries in the field of supporting business, the academic community and indigenous peoples. CAN is of interest in the context of the development of trans-regional interaction between it and the EAEU. Both structures show mutual interest in the exchange of practices and experience in the sphere of integration development. According to the author, the key task for CAN and the EAEU should be not only the implementation of the signed documents on cooperation, but also the constant maintenance of a dialogue within the framework of formal institutional mechanisms, the identification of mutually beneficial areas of cooperation.
European Union and Latin American integration schemes: finding the route of approach
Authors: Tayar Violetta
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the economic relationships of the European Union with the integration associations of Latin American and the Caribbean countries (LAC) on the basis of agreements in force for two decades of the 21st century. The article shows that, despite the different formats of Latin American integration process and its difference from the European model, the European Union is progressively negotiating the development of existing trade agreements. It includes the need of their modernization taking into account new areas of cooperation: the issues of sustainable development and the environmental component, digitalization trend, and post pandemic recovery. The author comes to the conclusion that cooperation through the processes of regional integration on both sides of the Atlantic will remain one of the main features of interregional relations in EU-LAC format. The experience of such an economic partnership can be useful for the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), as well as for Russia's international economic positions in the LAC countries.
“Russian Spy” Schweitzer: An Attempt at Biography Reconstruction. Agent of the High Military Secret Police in Warsaw (1819–1831)
Authors: Zaichenko Olga
Published: March 2023

In the early 1830s, in order to wage a political and information war on Polish emigrants and the European opposition, the formation of Russian foreign intelligence as a unified state service with an extensive network of agents on the basis of the Third Section began. The head of the Russian residence in Germany from 1833 to 1839, Baron Karl Ferdinandovich von Schweitzer, was one of its founders. The structure he created, as well as the forms and methods of intelligence work he put in place, had a major impact on the subsequent development of the security services in Russia. However, little is still known about the man. Even his real name and date of birth remain unknown to scholars. He surrounded himself with secrecy already during his lifetime. This applies first and foremost to the first period of it, associated with his service with the Higher Military Secret Police in Warsaw in the 1820s.
In the absence of direct evidence of his life and work, the author makes a first-ever attempt in historiography to reconstruct the circumstances of Schweitzer's biography and service in the secret police of the Viceroy of the Kingdom of Poland up to 1831, based on circumstantial evidence. Using the example of Schweitzer's undercover work, the author attempts to reconstruct the structure of the Russian foreign intelligence service, methods of conspiracy, recruitment, surveillance and analytical processing of the information obtained. The article also provides examples of the most successful operations in which the agent, who at that time bore the name of de Schwegrois, was involved.
The study draws on archival documents of the Third Section and the Higher Military Secret Police in Warsaw, as well as memoirs of contemporaries and publications in the Polish émigré press.
Procedural means of combating extremism
Authors: Bormotova Ladmila
Published: March 2023

In this article, using the comparative legal method, criminal procedural measures to counter extremist crimes are considered. For this purpose, the legislation of several States belonging to different legal families has been studied. The author concludes that in the global trends of countering extremism and terrorism, there is an active inclusion in the criminal procedure sphere not only measures to identify and solve crimes of the designated orientation, but also recompesatory technologies are being introduced. Under them, in the most general form, it is proposed to understand a kind of rejection of the procedural form in general or its replacement with non-traditional tools in favor of the final result in a criminal case.
Similar means of combating extremism abroad take place where police and judicial discretion is developed, which significantly differs from the formalization of criminal investigation and judicial proceedings. There is no special procedural form for criminal cases on extremism or terrorism in the Russian Federation. The criminal procedure legislation provides for the possibility of concluding a pre-trial cooperation agreement and the adoption of a final decision by the court in such a case in a special order. Foreign mechanisms are much broader and depend on the discretion of the law enforcement officer. At the same time, in addition to the court, the right to simplify or complicate procedures may belong to the prosecutor’s office or even the police. This, according to the author, is the fundamental difference in approaches to combating extremist crimes and at the same time a direction for thinking about the possibilities of implementing effective means into domestic legislation and practice.
Bur’yanov, S.A. (2023). To the question of defining the concept of the right to freedom of conscience
Authors: Buryanov Sergey
Published: March 2023

The article examines various approaches to the definition the concept of the right to freedom of conscience. The author's definition of the concept is proposed
Freedom of profession and protection of private property in the decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany
Authors: Kucherenko Petr
Published: March 2023

In this article, on the example of the decision of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany, the correlation between the freedom of profession and the constitutional guarantee of private property in Germany will be considered. As an example, one of the early cases of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany called “District Chimney Sweeper”, which was decided on April 30, 1952, is taken. In this case, the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany came to the conclusion that the “enterprise” of a chimney sweep is a craft in which the private law aspects of economic life completely fade into the background, and in which moments of strict public law regulation certainly dominate. This circumstance does not allow us to bring the concept of “guaranteed right to engage in a craft” under “property” in the sense of Article 14 of the German Basic Law of 1949.
Fundamental contribution to the study of the problems of the law of international treaties Modern concept of interpretation of international treaties
Authors: Vylegzhanin Alexander
Published: March 2023

The review of the monograph devoted to the modern concept of interpretation of international treaties, prepared by the author’s team under the editorship of Doctor of Law, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation A. Ya. Kapustin, is presented. It is noted that this scientific work is a significant event in the world of legal science, makes a significant contribution to the Russian science of International Law due to the circumstances of the scientific substantiation of the phenomenon of interpretation of an international treaty, the systematic development of issues of theory and practice of the designated problem of the science of International Law.
Signs and Cause
Authors: Al Khotaba Eissa Hamid
Published: March 2023

Language has a significant contribution to the exchange of knowledge. Scholars examine different uses of language to find out its effect and role in several domains of society such as media, criticisms, politics, and related fields. Discourse analysis is connected with the use of both spoken and written language. It supports in analyzing how users say things, their effect on the audience, and how it influences society, or the way society affects communication. This mixed-mode research aims to provide a systemic analysis on how oppressed masses use signs and symbols through different social media platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, and Instagram to encourage teachers to protest and achieve parents’ support to prevent their children from going to schools, in a Jordanian context. The sample of the study consisted of 189-selected posters/signs and symbols using a convenient sampling technique. The selected Arabic posters were translated into the English language. The researcher used the analytical instrument adopted from Van Dijk's (2005) framework of political discourse analysis. The corpus was analyzed contextually. The findings of the study showed that in the reaction to meeting demeaning and dismissive discourses, schoolteachers reacted as inheritors of cultural legacies, meaningful resources, context specialists, professionals, and moral authority figures. In addition, the results indicated a strong link between political discourse analysis and the use of sign language that reflects the social practices of protesters and oppressed masses.  To conclude, this study is an add-value to both local and body of knowledge locally, regionally, and internationally concerning theory and practice in which previous experience shows every possible influence to preserve public sustenance, show criticism, and express demands as teachers’ signs and symbols in different provinces in Jordan worked effectively in a civilized manner.
Dramatic Monologue in Bidart’s Work “Half-Light” (2017)
Authors: Wazzan Suzanne A.
Published: March 2023

This paper aims at investigating dramatic monologue in Frank Bidart’s poems. It discusses the way Bidart was affected by certain poets in terms of the implication of the dramatic monologue device and the power that affected his implementation and his application of this particular genre. Bidart proposes that a poet has a lot of inner consciousness. He receives various voices so he can visualize how to begin from varied places and keep a certain distance from the voice that expresses out of its sense, agony, or annoyance. Bidart has to examine the reasons for definite feelings at a particular point in time because one’s emotional state should not be considered for granted. However, a poet should keep some distance from the characters in the poem as well as keep a sort of skepticism concerning oneself. This study suggests that Bidart’s dramatic monologue is a contemporary genre that is significantly established at the last stage of his script with the release of his poetic work “Half Light”. The study analysed two poems of Bidart’s work including Old and Young, and Thirst. Results of the study showed that Bidart’s poetic forms and themes relate to many issues including the point of time in which the poet published his poems, the setting and situations, and the poet’s psychological state of mind.
The obstacles facing women in balancing between work and home and its relationship to marital compatibility
Authors: Sulaiman Jameela Younis , Al-Brwari Muhammad S.
Published: March 2023

This research aims to identify the obstacles that women face in the balance between work and family and their relationship to marital compatibility in the center of Duhok city, through the answer to the research questions which are represented for knowing the most prominent obstacles and the level of marriage compatibility also the nature of the relationship between the obstacles and the marital compatibility, the researcher dependent to the descriptive analytic method to gain the answers for the research questions , the sample size of the research was (376) units  in the age between (23 to 61) from married female employees in government departments in the center of Duhok City, the tool of the research have two scale , first scale about women's work built by a researcher which include (58) questions  in three dimensions, which is (the obstacles facing women in social dimension, the obstacles facing women in psychological dimension, the obstacles facing women in economical dimension), also the researcher adopted a scale from the (Asma Ibrahim's PhD thesis in the title (occupational pressures and their relationship to marital compatibility among working women), the most important findings of the research it show that there is negative relationship between the obstacles that face women's work and their marital adjustment.
Self –Delusion in Doris Lessing's The Grass is Singing (1950)
Authors: Khedir Luqman Omer , Al-Banna Juan Abdullah Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

This study presents Doris Lessing as one of the most accomplished and significant British writers of the post-World War II generation. Her work   looks into The Grass is Singing (1950) from a psychological, socio-cultural and economic point of view. It attempts to analyze the bleak and the tragic causes and effects of self-delusion in the lives of female and male characters alike in a racist society grappling with a number of deep-rooted social and political misconceptions and misjudgments. Moreover, it showcases a recycled series of psychological problems the main female protagonist faces due to her delusional beliefs which end only with her tragic death. It also sheds light on the importance of knowing oneself in a baffling and fragmented world enmeshed with people caught tight in the grip of self-made delusional conceptions in an attempt to cope with the challenges set by modern life. This fact can be discerned through the analysis of Lessing's representative novel: The Grass is Singing (1950) from Autobiographical, psychoanalytical and existentialist perspectives to make readers familiar with the destructive power of delusion and self-delusion in life. Lessing tackles issues that are at the essential concern to whole humanity around the world; therefore, this study can be taken as an attempt and an entry point of highlighting some aspects of the creative and innovative intellectual accomplishments of any truly concerned and committed writer with mankind problems in the world regardless to gender, race and educational and cultural background. The study is in two sections. Section one is concerned with the analysis of The Grass is Singing (its abbreviated form is TGS), and Lessing's narrative creativity through reader's concentration on causes rather than results. The second section presents racial discrimination and self-delusion in the text, taking childhood trauma into consideration and the issues of Marriage and Self- Delusion followed by conclusions and Bibliography.
أخلاقيات البيئة نحو وعي فلسفي جديد
Authors: عطية آمال عبدالله
Published: March 2023

لقد أصبح الإنسان اليوم في وضع المُدان والمتهم الاكبر لما حل بالبيئة من تلوث، فهو يستهلك أكثر من القدر الذي تستطيع الطبيعة توفيره، وهذا الاستهلاك له آثاره السلبية والخطيرة على البيئة بشكل عام. فقد أدى التطور الذي شهده القرن العشرين وما تلاه في مجال العلم الى مشاكل خطيرة سببها التأثير السلبي للعلم والتقنيات المتطورة في مجالات العلوم الاخرى على الطبيعة، فرغم ما قدمه العلم من نتائج مهمة للمعرفة الا أنه لم يستطع أن يتجنب سلبياته التي انعكست على البيئة وإلحاق الضرر والدمار بها. هذا الأمر جعل الفلاسفة والمهتمون بالقضايا البيئية يثيرون التساؤلات حول علاقة البشر بالطبيعة والبيئة. هل البشر هم الكائنات الوحيدة التي تمتلك قيمة اصلية في الكون، أم أن العالم الطبيعي وما يضم من نبات وحيوان تمتلك قيمتها الخاصة المستقلة عن نفعها للبشر؟ هل على البشر الزامات خلقية نحو البشر الآخرين فضلاً عن التزاماتها أمام النبات والحيوان وما تضمه المنظومة البيئية؟ وما مدى المشكلات البيئية التي تنتج عن الإنسان اتجاه البيئة؟ هل يترتب على الإنسان مسؤوليات أخلاقية اتجاه الاجيال المستقبلية؟ هل يمتلك الإنسان الحرية والحق في أبادة الكائنات الأخرى لأجل منفعته وتقدمه؟ كل هذه الأسئلة وغيرها حاول الفلاسفة والمهتمون بالشأن البيئي الاجابة عنها وايجاد الحلول للمشكلات البيئية التي سببها الإنسان.