bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Locke e a questão da liberdade determinada
Authors: Machado Ícaro
Published: February 2020

Objetiva-se analisar as noções de determinação da ação humana e de liberdade enquanto atributo antropológico no pensamento lockeano, com vistas sobretudo a vislumbrar a maneira segundo a qual estes conceitos interagem e coerem teoricamente. Neste esforço, encontrou-se, em primeiro lugar, a ideia de liberdade definida unicamente no âmbito da potencialidade. Sobre a caução de ações, há, em primeiro lugar, a determinação (da ação voluntária) pela volição, que por sua vez é causada pela (maior) uneasiness. Classificamos, de um ponto de vista da metafísica da causalidade, tal causa como finalística, negativa, hedônica e egoísta. Contudo, acréscimo de edições posteriores, Locke fala de uma suspensão do ato de querer. Nesse caso excepcional, estamos livres para o ato do querer, embora não se trate de indeterminação. Em termos de sua determinação (pelo bem maior) é possível classificá-la enquanto finalística e hedônica, mas heterogênea em respeito à causação pela uneasiness, incorrendo, deste modo, em dualismo causal. O artigo é finalizado com a aproximação de Locke com um compatibilismo, no entanto sem ser de ordem soft deterministic, como alguns dos seus “correligionários” do Liberalismo Inglês. Para o autor, “liberdade” e “determinação” são conceitualmente independentes.
n. 02 - DIRETRIZES GLOBAIS PARA O CAPITALISMO ACADÊMICO BRASILEIRO DEPENDENTE: A BUSCA PELA CONSTRUÇÃO DA WORLD CLASS UNIVERSITY
Authors: De Paula Alisson Slider do Nascimento , Costa Frederico Jorge Ferreira , Lima Kátia Regina Rodrigues
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo objetiva analisar as implicações globais do capitalismo acadêmico que condiciona a criação de um tipo de World Class University. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental calcada na epistemologia crítico-dialética. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo no tratamento dos dados. Considera-se que não obstante os apontamentos para o empresariamento da educação superior através de parcerias público-privadas que subsidiam a expansão do setor privado-mercantil da educação superior a partir de sua financeirização via fundos de investimentos e espoliação do fundo público, novas medidas buscam impulsionar o desmonte das instituições federais para adequá-las ao padrão da New American University que se caracteriza como o movimento de mercantilização da produção científica e investimentos privados no setor público, buscando, desta maneira, a constituição da World Class University.
n. 09 - VARIABILIDADE DAS DESPESAS DAS UNIVERSIDADES FEDERAIS NO PERÍODO DE 2012 A 2017
Authors: Simões Lincon Rodrigues Dias , Lima Marcos Antonio Martins
Published: February 2020

Esta pesquisa buscou investigar a variabilidade na execução da despesa das 63 universidades federais brasileiras. Para este fim, foi realizada uma análise com dados de 2012 a 2017, extraídos do Tesouro Gerencial. Observou-se que há variações significativas na despesa executada, cujas médias são distorcidas pela presença de outliers. Conclui-se que as análises sobre as despesas das universidades federais devem sempre considerar a heterogeneidade desse conjunto de instituições, pois valores médios para esse conjunto não são representativos, em razão do alto grau de dispersão dos dados.
SODOMIA: AS HOMOAFETIVIDADES A PARTIR DO DISCURSO DA DOUTRINA DO VALE DO AMANHECER
Authors: Calou Antonio Leonardo Figueiredo , Fernandes Rivalina Maria Macedo , De Almeida Rodrigo Brito
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é explorar, através dos conceitos da doutrina do Vale do Amanhecer, as perspectivas e visões sobre as categorias de sexualidades – com ênfase na homoafetividade – buscando apurar através da sua mística crença, os seus fundamentos para discussão do tema. Com isso, utilizamos da análise de discursos para compormos o pensamento espiritualista cristão ao qual defende a doutrina, sobre as questões que envolvem as sexualidades, e mais especificamente, as homossexualidades. Dessa forma, analisamos os discursos presentes em alguns textos e cartas que compõe o universo teológico do Vale do Amanhecer, dentre esses, se destacaram o acervo digital Observações Tumarã e o livro Sob os olhos da Clarividente, escrito pelo ultimo marido da fundadora – Mário Sassi – onde está localizado o texto Sodomia, objeto essencial para constituição das análises encontradas neste texto.
TRABALHO PARA DEUS: PERCEPÇÕES DE PRAZER E SOFRIMENTO DAS FREIRAS LÍDERES RELIGIOSAS
Authors: Zille Luciano Pereira , Silva Christienne Lopes , Teles Jaqueline Dos Santos
Published: February 2020

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar e descrever as vivências de prazer e sofrimento das freiras que exercem cargo de liderança em uma Congregação Católica localizada no estado de Minas Gerais. Metodologicamente, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, por meio de estudo de caso, com a utilização de entrevistas como estratégia de coleta de dados. Foram entrevistadas nove freiras líderes religiosas com atuação na instituição pesquisada. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo, estabelecendo a priori as categorias de análise: contexto do trabalho, custo humano do trabalho, vivências de prazer, vivências de sofrimento, danos relacionados ao trabalho e estratégias de regulação para lidar com o sofrimento. Concluiu-se que para o grupo pesquisado, as vivências de prazer estão relacionadas diretamente a religiosidade que é a função norteadora da instituição para promover apoio social à comunidade, enquanto que o sofrimento provém de atividades, responsabilidades e exigências administrativas institucionais. Como estratégias de regulação utilizadas pelas freiras para lidar com o sofrimento, destaca-se as práticas religiosas, o apoio das colegas, a música, o cinema, o entretenimento social e as atividades físicas, que contribuem para minimizar os conflitos emocionais de cunho individual.
REPRESENTAÇÕES DO CONSERVADORISMO CONTEMPORÂNEO: O PENSAMENTO POLÍTICO DE ANTÔNIO FERREIRA PAIM
Authors: Neves Junior José Wilson Assis
Published: February 2020

Este artigo teve o objetivo de analisar o pensamento político do filósofo brasileiro Antônio Ferreira Paim, enquanto um dos principais representantes contemporâneos do pensamento conservador brasileiro. Foram intencionalmente selecionadas três obras do autor, sendo elas: As Filosofias Nacionais, Momentos Decisivos na História do Brasil e Liberdade Acadêmica e Opção Totalitária. As fontes foram abordadas pelo método materialista histórico-dialético de matriz lukácsiana, visando, assim, apreender ontologicamente o cerne político-ideológico de suas formulações filosóficas. O trabalho se encontra dividido em três momentos, a classificação do posicionamento de classe assumido pelo autor frente à realidade nacional, a análise da forma como Paim compreende o processo de transformação social (a partir da dinâmica de mudança que decorre das relações entre infraestrutura e superestrutura) e a identificação do projeto de porvir que fundamenta suas formulações filosóficas. A pesquisa identificou a forma como sua perspectiva liberal culturalista flerta, em vários momentos, com correntes positivistas e tradicionalistas (especialmente no que tange ao catolicismo). Destacou-se, ainda, a propensão do autor em recorrer ao racionalismo formal como método para elencar elementos específicos de conjunturas históricas para defender suas pretensões político-ideológicas. Por fim, indica-se o projeto de porvir de um modelo político-econômica pautado nas privatizações neoliberais e no pluralismo político controlado.
INTRODUÇÃO AO TOMISMO: UMA ANÁLISE ACERCA DA MORALIDADE
Authors: Dias Rafael Parente Ferreira , Menezes Marcello Renault
Published: February 2020

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo geral conhecer o significado, a abrangência e a influência do  agir humano segundo Tomás de Aquino. Para tanto, a proposta investigativa parte do pressuposto de que a ação humana, pautada na paixão, gera, por vezes, consequências indesejadas e não adequadas às urgentes necessidades morais, consubstanciando-se, não raro, num prejuízo irreparável nas relações interpessoais. Nesse sentido, Tomás de Aquino situa o exercício da razão, qualidade universal da cultura humana, como o “fiel da balança”. Aquino compreende o homem como possuidor de uma obrigação moral, deve agir através de sua racionalidade, compreendendo e controlando as paixões na medida em que estas impedem o desenvolvimento da ética. Para ele, a prudência é a principal virtude cardeal, responsável pela correta deliberação nas ações humanas. O homem prudente delibera, julga e comanda seus atos e escolhas, evitando os vícios. Objetivamos conhecer a extensão e a profundidade da ética tomista, proporcionando uma reflexão acerca do agir humano. Acreditamos que esta pesquisa poderá nos ajudar a refletir mais profundamente acerca dos reais valores atribuídos ao comportamento humano.
Conceitos fundamentais para leitura do campo esportivo pela perspectiva teórica bourdieusiana
Authors: Bueno Igor Alexandre Silva , Júnior Wanderley Marchi
Published: February 2020

O esporte é um dos fenômenos socioculturais que mais se transforma na sociedade atual. Suas mudanças ocorrem em processo contínuo e estão atreladas diretamente à sociedade em que se insere. Por essa razão, compreender o lugar das atividades esportivas contribui de forma significativa para uma possível interpretação da realidade social, visto que elas abrangem vários setores como a saúde, educação, o mundo dos negócios, entre outros. Nesse sentido, o propósito deste artigo – apoiado pela CAPES – é apresentar, mediante a pesquisa bibliográfica, os principais conceitos bourdieusianos para análise e interpretação do campo esportivo contemporâneo. Destacamos que essa é uma dentre muitas possíveis leituras teóricas das manifestações esportivas. Entretanto, percebemos que a perspectiva analítica de Pierre Bourdieu preconiza uma forma particular de entender o esporte em sua totalidade e polissemia de significados.
Ocupação das escolas em 2015 e 2016: uma breve análise da forma e do conteúdo da ação dos estudantes
Authors: Rocha Daniel Leonel da
Published: February 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma breve análise da forma e do conteúdo da ação dos estudantes que ocuparam as escolas no ano de 2015 e 2016, a partir da maneira como foram representados em periódicos acadêmicos e imprensa. Para tanto, realizo uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema das ocupações, considerando dois tipos de fontes: artigos publicados em revistas acadêmicas e artigos e/ou notícias publicadas em dois jornais de grande circulação, O Globo e a Folha de São Paulo. Diante disso, considero três eixos de abordagem: i. a luta por uma educação pública de qualidade; ii. a utilização das redes sociais e aplicativos de mensagem como ferramenta de mobilização; iii. a disputa em torno do discurso sobre a legitimidade da ação dos estudantes. A hipótese defendida neste artigo é de que o processo de ocupação das escolas, representado em periódicos acadêmicos e imprensa, compõem um repertório de ação não convencional mobilizado em grande medida por valores pós-materialistas. Conforme a literatura dentro do campo da cultura política, esses valores estão orientados para uma postura pró-democracia.
Prevalent Crime in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions and Administrative
Authors: Asiyai Romina Ifeoma , Oghuvbu Enamiroro Patrick
Published: February 2020

This study examined crime in tertiary institutions in southern Nigeria.  The purpose of the study was to identify the common crime prevalent in the institution, the administrative strategies for managing crime and find out the extent to which institution managers or Administrators are employing the identified strategies to ensure a crime free environment. Three research questions were asked and answered. The sample of the study was drawn from a population of tertiary institutions in Southern Nigeria  A sample of 1020 respondents were selected through stratified random sampling technique from nine tertiary institutions in South-West Nigeria. The questionnaire was the instrument for collection of data from the respondents. It is divided into three sub-scales. Cronbach Alpha for the three sub scales yielded 0.84, 0.80 and 0.76. The finding revealed the common crime prevalent in tertiary institution in South-West Nigeria as examination malpractices, assault, plagiarism, sexual harassment, and certificate forgery. The findings further showed that crime management strategies like mounting closed circuit camera in strategic locations, regular monitoring of activities, use of anti-cult group are some of the identified crime management strategies. The extent of employment of the identified strategies in crime management is low.
Action Research as Perceived by Student-Teachers in the Field Training Program at Hashemite University / Jordan
Authors: Al-Shudaifat Sadeq Hassan
Published: February 2020

Field Training plays a key role in narrowing the gap between theory and practice in the preparation of teachers. University professors and in-service teachers who work in cooperative schools coordinate their efforts to help student-teachers at the Hashemite University link teaching theories to practice.Student-teachers, sometimes, find themselves isolated from theories learned at the universities and feel the gap between theory and practice. As a result, they tend to use traditional teaching methods in the same way they were taught in the past.One of the important requirements of the Field Training Program is asking student-teachers to do action research to clarify issues they face during training. Student-teachers face different problems related to action research: selecting issues, preparing, modeling, implementing, and evaluating the results of the research. Therefore, this study attempts at investigating the student-teachers’ weakness in carrying out Action Research from the students’ own perspective.To achieve the study objectives, the researcher administered a test on (47) student-teachers, and interviewed (6) others.The majority of responses conveyed that student-teachers know how to design action research theoretically but they lack the ability and necessary skills to put this into practice. Based on these findings, this research concludes with some suggestions and recommendations to solve the problem.
The Effectiveness of a Training Package Prepared to Teach First Aid Skills to Individuals with Intellectual and Additional Disabilities
Authors: ÇETİN Müzeyyen ELDENİZ , BOZAK Burak
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a training package, which was applied through direct teaching method and included digital storytelling, a first aid manikin and live modeling, in teaching basic first aid skills necessary for cuts, sprains and bee stings to individuals with intellectual and additional disabilities. Three middle school students with multiple developmental disabilities whose ages ranged from 12 to 15 participated in the study. The first aid skills for simple cuts, sprains and bee stings were taught in a small group format. A multiple probe design across behaviors with probe conditions, one of the single-subject designs, was employed in the study. The independent variable of the study was training package and the dependent variables of the study were the participants’ level of acquisition of the target skills (Cut, sprain and bee sting). The results of the study revealed that the package was effective in teaching simple first aid skills to the participants, and they maintained those skills for 1, 3 and 4 weeks after the completion of training. The participants were also able to generalize the skills to other first aid tools, settings and practitioners. Social validity findings showed that the participants enjoyed the classes in which digital storytelling was used. Also, they expressed their desire to have them in other courses.
Determining the Factors of Teaching Effectiveness for Physical Education
Authors: Boonsem Aungkana , Chaoensupmanee Thongchai
Published: February 2020

The development and maintenance of a physically active lifestyle and the promotion of health-related physical fitness have become two important components of the national standards for physical education. Physical education is one of the important aspects of the educational and teaching processes. This study was designed to determine the factors of teaching effectiveness for physical education by comparing the opinions of students on teaching courses of King Mongkut’s University of Technology, Thonburi with the totals of six aspects: (1) the purposes of Physical Education learning; (2) content and Physical Education programs; (3) teaching methods and teaching activities; (4) the personality aspects of Physical Education instructors; (5) equipment and facilities; and (6) assessment and evaluation. The sample included 1,000 students, with 558 male students and 442 female students, selected using the stratified random sampling method and divided into groups based on gender and types of sports. The results of the study showed that the highest percentage for the overall development of teaching physical education were the personalities of Physical Education instructors (59.18%) and the lowest percentage for measurement and evaluation had the lowest percentage (45.53%). The comparison between male and female students found that the course content and curriculum were at a minimal percentage for male students (45.42%), while the teaching methods and activities for female students (46.81%). Physical education specialists served as an important force in providing health-enhancing physical education for children and adolescents, as they are more effective than classroom teachers in promoting moderate to vigorous physical activity.
Cloud-Based Collaborative Writing to Develop EFL Students’ Writing Quantity and Quality
Authors: Ahmad Samah Zakareya
Published: February 2020

This study has devoted itself to examining the effect of using cloud-based collaborative writing on EFL students’ writing quantity and quality. Twenty-one EFL students studying at Jubail College of Education, IAU University participated in the study. They were pretested in writing quantity and quality before the treatment then they practiced cloud-based collaborative writing for a whole semester before being posttested in both measures. Results from non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Ranks revealed no significant difference between the pretest and the posttest regarding writing quantity whereas it revealed a significant difference with regard to writing quality. It was concluded that cloud-based collaborative writing can be used to improve the quality of essays written by EFL students. Recommendations and research suggestions were introduced.
Badania podatności wspornika stalowego do mocowania płatwi lub rygli ściennych
Authors: Gierczak Jan , Ignatowicz Rajmund L.
Published: February 2020

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań tzw. siodełka przeznaczonego do mocowania płatwi dachowych i rygli ściennych. Wykonano analizy numeryczne badanego elementu, wykorzystując oprogramowanie (SOFiSTiK) oparte na metodzie elementów skończonych. Prace zakończono wnioskami, które mogą stanowić przyczynek do dalszych analiz, mających na celu określenie wpływu podatności takiego podparcia na nośność elementu ściskanego i zginanego, jakim mogą być płatwie lub rygle ścienne.
Structure formation and properties
of overheated steel depending
on thermokinetic parameters
of crystallization
Authors: Kondratyuk S.Ye. , Veis V.I. , Parkhomchuk Z.V.
Published: February 2020

Purpose: The aim of the proposed research is to investigate the mutual influence of the
temperature of an overheated melt and its cooling rate during crystallization on the formation
of the cast structure and mechanical properties of structural steels.
Design/methodology/approach: Two structural medium-carbon steels were melted
in induction furnace and poured from temperatures 1520-1670°C into casting moulds with
different heat removal ability. This ensured the crystallization and structure formation of the
studied steel castings at cooling rates (Vc) of 5°C/sec (sand-clay mould), 45°C/sec (steel
mould), 350°C/sec (water cooled copper mould). It was studied a change of structure
formation, mechanical characteristics depending on the temperature-kinetic conditions
of the processing of the melt. Based on the processing of the array of obtained experimental
data using linear regression analysis and a software package, interpolation models and
their graphic images obtained allow a quantitative assessment of the established patterns
of structural characteristics and mechanical properties of the studied steels depending
on melt temperature (T, °C) and its cooling rate (Vc, °C/sec) during crystallization and
structure formation.
Findings: Among the technological factors that determine the formation of the cast
structure and the mechanical properties of steels, the dominant role is played by the
intensity of heat removal during the solidification of castings. The high cooling rate of the
melt during crystallization determines an increase in the number of crystallization nuclei due
to an increase in the degree of supercooling of the melt, eliminates the negative effect of the
high overheating temperature of the metal before casting.
Research limitations/implications: In the future, the results can be complemented
by studies of the influence of the duration of isothermal exposure of the melt at different
temperatures of superheating and cooling conditions.
Practical implications: The obtained mathematical models (regression equations)
that determine the mutual influence of the cooling rate and the temperature of the melt
overheating on the structure and mechanical properties of the studied steels make it
possible to obtain steel castings with predetermined properties at the level of properties of
wrought steel of similar chemical composition.
Originality/value: Interpolation models that allow a quantitative assessment of the
established patterns of structural characteristics and mechanical properties of the studied
steels depending on the melt temperature (T, °C) and its cooling rate (Vc, °C/sec) during
crystallization and structure formation are obtained.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA PRÁTICA DE AUTOMEDICAÇÃO COM ANALGÉSICOS PARA O TRATAMENTO DA DOR
Authors: Pegoraro Cristiane  Martinez  Ruiz , Bifaroni Renata  Mano  Scatamburlo , Mareco Edson  Asssunção , Tonizza Thaise Ramires , Silgueiro Ludmila Ichioka
Published: February 2020

Self-medication is very common among people of all ages, usually through nominations from third parties, self-knowledge or easy access in pharmacies. The objective of the study was to evaluate and verify the prevalence of self-medication for the treatment of pain in patients seen in campaigns conducted by Universidade do Oeste Paulista. A questionnaire was applied involving socio-demographic aspects, drug use, the practice of self-medication and types of pain. The sample consisted of 248 participants, where 203 admitted the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(AINEs). Of these 203, 166 (81.7%) reported self-medication, being dipyrone (48.5%) and paracetamol (21.1%), themost frequently mentioned AINEs. The headache was more prevalent in women 99 (26.8%) and men 51 (13.8%), being womenconsidered the ones who most read the package leaflet 70 (34.5%) and know the effects adverse effects of the same 49 (24.2%). It can be concluded that the practice of self-medication is very frequent in the studied population.
Connotative Confluence: Imagery and its functions in Shakespeare’s King Lear
Authors: Aziz Shazia , Ashraf Rabia , Ejaz Huma , Amir-ud-Din Rafi
Published: February 2020

Written in the early 1600s, King Lear, an early modern tragedy with the human condition as its main premise, displays Shakespeare’s effective exploitation of complex imagery.
Through various images and extended or long drawn out metaphors, Shakespeare not only comments on character, plot, action, man’s position in the universe in relation to Nature, offspring and siblings, but also addresses such questions as political legitimacy, treason, treachery, aristocracy and the relationship between land and the monarch. In a turbulent period marked by strict rules against commenting directly on politics and royalty even in the parliament, imagery also serves as advice for the monarch in the tradition of speculum principis i.e., mirror for princes literature. This paper discusses the effect and manifold functions of various imagistic techniques used in King Lear and how imagery as a stylistic tool helps the playwright to substantially expand the meanings of the play making it a timeless and universal reading not only for the learners of Literature, but also for historians, psychologists, political scientists, philosophers, economists and food theorists, to mention only a few.
Effect of Vitamin D on Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Sensitivity and Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tajik Esra , Amirasgari Fatemeh
Published: February 2020

Context: In recent years, non-bone diseases have been shown associated with vitamin D deficiency, of which type 2 diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders caused by insulin deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency affects the metabolic function of the cells, including beta-pancreatic cells. Regarding the effectiveness of vitamin D to control type 2 diabetes, the present study aimed at reviewing the relationship between vitamin D, glucose homeostasis, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Evidence Acquisition: In this review, descriptive and analytic studies were analyzed using biochemical tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Using the keywords, such as vitamin D, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance, 11 articles, including descriptive-analytic, cross-sectional, case-control and interventional studies published from 1986 to 2018 were included. Results: The levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in diabetics, women, and obese people are lower than others, which can indicate the effect of vitamin D on glucose homeostasis. In addition, vitamin D affects intracellular calcium, and, consequently insulin secretion. It can be said that vitamin D deficiency can make calcium unable to regulate insulin secretion. Conclusions: According to the studies, it can be concluded that vitamin D can be effective to prevent and control type 2 diabetes. Also, there is no association between vitamin D and insulin secreted by food and hemoglobin A1c.
Toward a Critical Synthesis of the Aristotelian and Confucian Doctrines of the Mean
Authors: Brien Kevin M. ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2020

This paper is the second phase of a project that was begun more than three years ago. The first phase culminated in the publication of a paper working toward a critical appropriation of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics.1 Therein Aristotle famously argues that human wellbeing (eudaimonia) is constituted by “activity of the soul in accordance with moral and intellectual virtue.”2 This earlier paper brought into focus all the main lines of Aristotle’s theoretical web in the N. Ethics: including the nature of the soul, intellectual virtue, moral virtue, etc. That paper went on to give a developed critique of Aristotle’s theoretical web, and against that background it argued for a very different way of thinking about intellectual virtue, and it prepared the ground for different ways of thinking about moral virtue. This current paper explores the various conceptual understandings of “the mean” in Aristotelian and in Confucian thought. It begins with an explanatory sketch of “the mean” as understood in Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, and then in a second section goes on to explore “the mean” as presented in classical Confucianism. The third section of this paper offers some reflections oriented toward a tentative formulation of a modified conception of “the mean” as it might be construed from a humanistic Marxist perspective.
“Natural Work” as Self-capability
Authors: Matsyna Andrey I. ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2020

A great wandering humanist philosopher, enlightener and outstanding poet Grigory Savvich Skovoroda’s work pertains to a difficult period in the life of the 18th century Eastern Ukraine. Against the background of growing injustice and evil, the decline of spiritual values, an authentic practical philosophy of individual opposition to a self-serving world steeped in vice was born. Skovoroda’s philosophy completely lacks the intention to consider proprietary interests as the driving force of human development. Its key principle of human development is self-examination within one’s own energy-activity-object-related space. The call for self-examination from the perspective of the authentic idea of “natural work” is revealed dynamically as the process of bringing the objective world into harmony with the nature of an individual. “Natural work” is a process of individual’s constant creative self-overcoming on the ascent to subject identity; total communion of man with the universal whole.
Using Debate to Understand How Unethical Decisions Can Be Made by Ethical Organizations
Authors: Hedges Peggy L. ,   Neilson Journals Publishing
Published: February 2020

Debate can be a useful way to engage students with topics and stimulate discussion on what might appear to be a seemingly straightforward concept. This article describes a modified debate activity in which groups of six students debate preassigned topics in front of their classmates. The activity is designed to help students better understand how personal ethics and decision making can be influenced and challenged by various policies, procedures, and stakeholders. This article provides lesson planning suggestions, student handouts, and marking rubrics. This activity can be incorporated into any undergraduate or graduate level course that has content dealing with ethical decision making.
Accountants and the Ethics of Profit
Authors: Munir Rahat , Terry Craig ,   Neilson Journals Publishing
Published: February 2020

Pressures are mounting upon Australian retailers including their ability to grow profit. Price deflation for many items, a lack of wage growth, and, the rise of huge online platforms is just some of the factors now creating difficulties for retailers. In the absence of sales growth, profit can only be improved with a focus on the cost side of the business. And, it is this focus that has brought about the potential for unethical decision making. This case study examines the role of accountants in influencing this decision making. Accountants are often seen as the experts when it comes to cost control. Consequently, they have a unique opportunity to use their position to help ensure that when governance processes surrounding cost (and profit) management are established, or when key decisions are made, these are undertaken on an ethical basis. This teaching case explores this issue within three scenarios relevant to the current Australian retail industry. Firstly, the ethical concerns of the use of power by the big retailers to reduce costs within international and domestic supply chains are examined. Secondly, recent instances of questionable practices to inflate profits through rebate, and other, accounting methods are analysed. Finally, the design of remuneration systems is discussed within the context of whether these are creating unethical biases within organisational decision making.
The Value of Experiential and Action Learning in Business Ethics Education
Authors: Chavan Meena , Carter Leanne M. ,   Neilson Journals Publishing
Published: February 2020

This paper develops an interpretive framework around ethical learning by using qualitative methods to examine the collective impact of Experiential Learning Activity (ELA) and Critical Action Learning (CAL) on student learning of ethics. The aim is to determine not only the effectiveness of two ethical learning theories but also the student “needs” being fulfilled. To understand their perceptions, we collected students’ personal narratives through focus groups and semi-structured interviews post participation on the experiential and action learning activities. Results indicate that teaching through ELAs and CAL in business ethics lead to social benefits and co-creation which portrayed improved engagement with peers, academics and industry. The outcomes suggest that instead of focussing on teaching ethics, the curriculum should provide opportunities for developing interaction with peers, academics and the society and engage students in real time hands on projects to experience and learn about ethics and the consequences of unethical behaviour.
Implementing Assurance of Learning
Authors: Chiu Holly H. , Fischer Dov ,   Neilson Journals Publishing
Published: February 2020

Assurance of Learning (AoL) is a critical component of AACSB accreditation because students need to demonstrate skills acquired in the programs they enroll in. The purpose of this paper is to describe how a business school developed its ethics assessment program to fulfill the requirement of AoL when seeking AACSB accreditation. Three learning goals were identified based on the literature, assessment rubrics were created based on learning goals, and a Harvard Business Case was used as the assessment tool. The result of the first round of summative assessments showed that almost all students at least met the standard of these three learning goals. To close the loop, an ethics module and a one-hour video were added to a junior-level course. In the second round of summative assessment, we added a marginal level of competency to the rubric. We conclude with a plan for future student learning and assessment.
An Exploratory Study of Ethics, CSR, and Sustainability in the Management Education of Top Universities in the Arab Region
Authors: El-Bassiouny Noha , Mohamed Ehab K. A. , Basuony Mohamed A. K. , Kolkailah Salma ,   Neilson Journals Publishing
Published: February 2020

This research aims at exploring the status of integrating Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in higher management education in the Arab region. The universities in the Arab region have lately emphasized internationalization in their educational policies, aiming at improving their regional and global presence, as a major part of their national reforms. Such transformations will never take hold if education systems are not reformed to foster citizenship, ethics, and social responsibility. Therefore, the study adopted qualitative content analysis of the top 40 business schools that are ranked based on the Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) University Rankings in the Arab Region in 2016, as well as schools acting as signatories of the United Nations Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME). To analyze the integration of ESD at all educational levels, the relevant literature commonly emphasized upon the adoption of Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Sustainability (ECSRS). Hence, the content analysis involved critical identification of pre-selected keywords under the ECSRS theme throughout the sampled universities’ online content and “Sharing Information on Progress” reports, in light of institutional, curricular, and instrumental levels, expanding the work of Setó-Pamies and Papaoikomomou (2016). The results revealed that ECSRS is outlined in the sampled universities’ strategies mainly through their mission statements. ECSRS is incorporated to a great extent in the curriculum of undergraduate and postgraduate programs in the form of obligatory and elective courses. Yet, student extracurricular activities did not receive equivalent devotion. As for ECSRS research, over half of sampled universities had dedicated research centers mainly focusing on environmental sustainability, in addition to issuing sporadic publications on various ECSRS topics. Integrating ECSRS in university outreach is still considered marginalized.
Use of the ALA Name; Midwinter Meetings; Censorship Reprint
Authors: Library Association American
Published: February 2020

Use of the ALA Name; Midwinter Meetings; Censorship Reprint
Letters
Authors: Hamilton Malcolm C. , Lanier Don , Perreault J.M.
Published: February 2020

Letters
School Break. Escape rooms en la escuela. Manual 2
Authors: GAME
Published: February 2020

En esta guía exploraremos el proceso de diseño desde cero de un juego de escape educativo. Es una continuación del primer manual, que aborda el uso de escape rooms en la enseñanza y pretende servir de referencia a los profesores que no desean usar juegos de escape educativos comerciales.
Synteny-based analyses indicate that sequence divergence is not the main source of orphan genes
Authors: Vakirlis Nikolaos , Carvunis Anne-Ruxandra , McLysaght Aoife
Published: February 2020

The origin of ‘orphan’ genes, species-specific sequences that lack detectable homologues, has remained mysterious since the dawn of the genomic era. There are two dominant explanations for orphan genes: complete sequence divergence from ancestral genes, such that homologues are not readily detectable; and de novo emergence from ancestral non-genic sequences, such that homologues genuinely do not exist. The relative contribution of the two processes remains unknown. Here, we harness the special circumstance of conserved synteny to estimate the contribution of complete divergence to the pool of orphan genes. By separately comparing yeast, fly and human genes to related taxa using conservative criteria, we find that complete divergence accounts, on average, for at most a third of eukaryotic orphan and taxonomically restricted genes. We observe that complete divergence occurs at a stable rate within a phylum but at different rates between phyla, and is frequently associated with gene shortening akin to pseudogenization.
The Influence of the Geometrical Properties of Bulk Superconductors on Limiting Fault Current in an Electrical Network
Authors: Belkhiri S. , Alloui L. , Ben Mebarek F.
Published: February 2020

The behavior of the superconducting fault current limiters SFCL used in Electrical Network is largely determined by the geometry properties and the type of the bulk superconductors used. In this work we present a numerical analysis of the electromagnetic and the thermal behavior of the SFCL and the influence of geometrical properties of the bulk superconductors of rectangular shape used in an electrical network The results are obtained from a three-dimensional computation code, developed and implemented under MATLAB environment where the formulation in magnetic vector potentials A and electrical scalar potential V are adopted to solve the electromagnetic problem and the heat diffusion formulation is also adopted to solve the thermal problem. The coupling is ensured by an alternating algorithm and the numerical resolution of the problem is ensured by the method of the finite volumes in its three-dimensional version in order to avoid certain problems of numerical convergence linked to the strongly nonlinear character of the problem to be solved.
Personality underground: evidence of behavioral types in the solitary subterranean rodentCtenomys talarum
Authors: Fanjul María Sol , Zenuto Roxana R.
Published: February 2020

Background

Animal personalities have been studied in a wide variety of taxa, but among rodents, available studies are relatively scarce and have focused mainly on social species. In this study, we evaluated the existence of personality in the solitary subterranean rodentCtenomys talarum. Specifically, we aimed to test individual differences in behavior that are stable over time and context in males ofC. talarumcaptured in the wild.

Methods

Our experimental design included two series of three behavioral tests each, carried out with a 35 day time interval. Each series included an Open Field test, a Social Encounter test, and an Open Field test with a predator stimulus.

Results

Of the total recorded behaviors, 55.55% showed temporal consistency. Principal component analysis of consistent behaviors grouped them into four dimensions that explain inter individual behavioral variability, in order of importance: activity, socioaversion, boldness and exploration. Therefore, our results suggest that the concept of animal personality is applicable toC. talarumand the dimensions found are in accordance with the ecological and behavioral characteristics of this species.
Co-expression network analysis reveals the pivotal role of mitochondrial dysfunction and interferon signature in juvenile dermatomyositis
Authors: Zhong Danli , Wu Chanyuan , Bai Jingjing , Xu Dong , Zeng Xiaofeng , Wang Qian
Published: February 2020

Background

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is an immune-mediated disease characterized by chronic organ inflammation. The pathogenic mechanisms remain ill-defined.

Methods

Raw microarray data of JDM were obtained from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Based on the GSE3307 dataset with 39 samples, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify key modules associated with pathological state. Functional enrichment analyses were conducted to identify potential mechanisms. Based on the criteria of high connectivity and module membership, candidate hub genes were selected. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed to identify hub genes. Another dataset (GSE11971) was used for the validation of real hub genes. Finally, the real hub genes were used to screen out small-molecule compounds via the Connectivity map database.

Results

Three modules were considered as key modules for the pathological state of JDM. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that responses to interferon and metabolism were dysregulated. A total of 45 candidate hub genes were selected according to the pre-established criteria, and 20 genes could differentiate JDM from normal controls by validation of another external dataset (GSE11971). These real hub genes suggested the pivotal role of mitochondrial dysfunction and interferon signature in JDM. Furthermore, drug repositioning highlighted the importance of acacetin, helveticoside, lanatoside C, deferoxamine, LY-294002, tanespimycin and L01AD from downregulated genes with the potential to perturb the development of JDM, while betonicine, felodipine, valproic acid, trichostatin A and sirolimus from upregulated genes provided potentially therapeutic goals for JDM.

Conclusions

There are 20 real hub genes associated with the pathological state of JDM, suggesting the pivotal role of mitochondrial dysfunction and interferon signature in JDM. This analysis predicted several kinds of small-molecule compounds to treat JDM.
The Necessity of School Effectiveness and the Ways to Reach
Authors: Goksoy Suleyman
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to determine the factors that positively and negatively affected school effectiveness based on educators’ opinions and it employed case study method which is a qualitative research technique. Semi-structured interview form was utilized to identify educators’ perceptions regarding educational institutions’ effectiveness to seek the answers to the following questions: What are the teacher behaviors that positively and negatively reflect on school effectiveness? What are the administrator behaviors that positively and negatively reflect on school effectiveness? What are the characteristics of instruction programs that positively and negatively reflect on school effectiveness?  What are the characteristics of the school culture and climate that positively and negatively reflect on school effectiveness? What are the student behaviors and the characteristics of the teaching-learning process that positively and negatively reflect on school effectiveness? How does the school environment affect school effectiveness and what are the parental behaviors that reflect on school effectiveness? Data were analyzed with the help of descriptive analysis method. Purposeful sampling method was used to determine the study group which was composed of nine educators attending the Master’s  Program in Duzce University, Faculty of Education, Educational Administration, Supervision, Planning and Economics Department and at the same time working in various teaching posts. The following results were obtained: Teacher, administrator, instructional programs, school culture and climate, students, teaching-learning process, school environment and parent behaviors that were examined in the framework of school effectiveness had both positive and negative aspects. In order to increase the effectiveness, negative aspects should be eliminated.
The Prevalence of Pituitary Dysfunction in Children Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the Acute Phase
Authors: Rabi Adil , Tali Abdelali , Younous Said , Chabaa Laila
Published: February 2020

Neuro-endocrine disorders are a frequent complication of head trauma. The exploration of these disturbances is important because it can contribute to the understanding of some symptoms presented by the patients for better management in the acute phase or during the evolution.

Aim: The objective of this study was to identify the anterior pituitary dysfunction of severe traumatic brain injury and to analyze the correlations between these disorders, brain lesions and clinical signs.

Materials and Methods: This is a prospective and descriptive study, conducted in collaboration between the pediatric intensive care unit and the clinical biochemistry laboratory of the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Marrakech. This study was spread over 9 months. It Included children admitted for severe head trauma and with a clinical, hormonal and CT scan. And the interest was in 28 severely traumatized skulls in the acute phase. All patients received TSH, T3, T4, Prolactin and cortisol levels 8 hours after admission.

Results: There were twenty eight patients included in the study. Sex ratio m / f of 1.54, whose age varies between 9 months and 14 years, with an average age of 6.5 years. Half of the patients had an initial Glasgow score of 8/15. This was cerebral oedema in (46.42%) cases. In this study, the rate of endocrine disorders was 85.71%, the exploration of the thyrotropic axis proved normal in all of these patients. Low cortisol levels were observed in 11% of cases, 67.84% of children had hyperprolactinemia. One-third of the patient included in the study had 2-axis involvement, namely cortisol and prolactin. Half, on the other hand, showed only one axis.

Conclusion: In the aftermath of head trauma, pituitary disturbances are frequent and should be included in their management.