bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spécial 20 ans de recherches en productions animales à l’INRA : Editorial
Authors: PEREZ J.M.
Published: April 2020

La revue INRA Productions Animales a 20 ans. En février 1988 paraissait en effet le premier numéro de la revue. Une aventure collective, retracée dans le premier article1 de ce numéro, à laquelle beaucoup de personnes ont participé : directeurs et rédacteurs en chef successifs de la revue, responsables de l’édition, membres du comité de rédaction, auteurs bien sûr, sans oublier les referees spécialisés (60 par an) garants de la qualité scientifique des articles.
A l’occasion de ce 20ème anniversaire, qu’ils soient tous ici chaleureusement remerciés.
«La forme, c’est le fond qui remonte à la surface» disait Victor Hugo. Dès sa création, la revue affiche l’ambition d’allier rigueur de l’information scientifique et exigence de l’écriture. Diffuser les résultats de la recherche même les plus pointus dans un langage accessible pour mieux faire connaître les travaux de l’INRA. Tel était notre objectif de départ.
Cent numéros et 800 articles plus tard, à vous de nous dire si nous l’avons pleinement atteint. Mais soyons francs, et n’en déplaise à un autre écrivain célèbre2, nous ne souhaitons pas qu’un lecteur sur quatre soit mécontent pour poursuivre notre tâche éditoriale !
À quoi sert un anniversaire ? À affirmer son identité, sans doute. À retrouver également son passé pour mieux comprendre le présent et se projeter dans le futur, sûrement. À l’occasion de ce 20 anniversaire, la Rédaction a décidé de publier un numéro spécial sur «20 ans de recherches en productions animales à l’INRA». Le but : présenter, en s’appuyant sur quelques exemples marquants, les avancées scientifiques majeures issues des travaux de l’INRA ayant eu un impact en élevage au cours des deux dernières décennies et tracer des perspectives de recherches pour l’avenir.
Le sommaire de ce numéro spécial est le fruit d’une réflexion commune entre les Directeurs scientifiques3 du secteur «Animal et Produits Animaux» de l’INRA, les Chefs de Département4 concernés et la Rédaction de la revue.
Nul doute que ce numéro fera date dans l’histoire d’INRA Productions Animales.
Bonne lecture à tous !
1 J.M. Perez, M.-H. Farce, D. Caste. La revue INRA Productions animales a 20 ans, p 5-10.2 Charles Péguy : «Une revue n’est vivante que si elle mécontente chaque fois un bon cinquième de ses abonnés».3 Bernard Charley et Patrick Herpin.4 Philippe Chemineau, Didier Boichard, Jean-Marc Meynard et Gilles Aumont.
Vingt ans de recherche et d’innovation en productions animales à l’INRA
Authors: CHARLEY B. , CHEMINEAU P. , BOICHARD D. , MEYNARD J.M. , AUMONT G. , HERPIN P.
Published: April 2020

A l’occasion de son 20ème anniversaire, la revue INRA Productions Animales a décidé de publier un numéro spécial sur «20 ans de recherches en productions animales à l’INRA». Son objectif est de retracer, à travers quelques exemples significatifs, des résultats scientifiques majeurs de l’INRA en productions animales, qui ont déjà pour la plupart un impact avéré en élevage. Les avancées spectaculaires de la biologie et des approches systémiques au cours des dernières décennies, tant conceptuelles que méthodologiques, ont eu de très nombreuses répercussions sur les recherches en productions animales, qu’il serait impossible de détailler de façon exhaustive dans le cadre de ce seul numéro. C’est pourquoi nous avons choisi de présenter à grands traits certaines de ces avancées dans cette brève introduction, avant d’en proposer plusieurs illustrations dans les articles de ce numéro. voir le pdf complet à cette adresse https://www6.inrae.fr/productions-animales_eng/content/download/3046/30746/version/1/file/Prod_Anim_2008_21_1_03.pdf
Quel avenir pour les recherches en productions et santé animales ?
Authors: HERPIN P. , CHARLEY B.
Published: April 2020

La dimension planétaire des problématiques de recherche (développement durable, changement climatique, gestion de la biodiversité, qualité de l’eau, qualité et sécurité de l’alimentation, maladies émergentes, bioénergies), la nécessité d’accroître encore à l’avenir l’offre alimentaire mondiale pour répondre à une démographie galopante, et l’évolution du statut de l’animal replacent les pratiques d’élevage, les animaux et leurs produits au coeur de débats de société. Après un tour d’horizon des grands enjeux auxquels seront confrontés les agronomes de demain, quelques axes de recherche prioritaires sont brièvement esquissés. Ils entrent totalement dans l’objectif d’une recherche agronomique finalisée pour une alimentation adaptée, un environnement préservé et une agriculture compétitive et durable, en lien avec l’ensemble des acteurs publics et privés. Les relations entre l’élevage, ses produits et l’environnement devront être explorées, analysées, modélisées pour faire évoluer nos pratiques et tenter de réconcilier élevage et écologie. L’analyse des grands enjeux qui conditionnent l’évolution de la place des produits animaux dans l’alimentation de l’Homme permettra de revisiter notre dispositif de recherche et d’apporter une dimension intégrative indispensable aux travaux de recherche. Le formidable potentiel de progrès et d’innovation offert par la génomique et la post-génomique devra être exploré. La maîtrise des processus infectieux, émergents ou récurrents, nécessitera la mise oeuvre d’une véritable écologie des maladies, intégrant la dimension environnementale. Pour s’approprier pleinement ces différentes dimensions, les chercheurs en sciences animales devront résolument ouvrir leurs réflexions et leurs projets à d’autres disciplines (écologie, agronomie, nutrition humaine, sociologie, économie de l’élevage et des produits…), et construire leurs questions de recherche en diversifiant leurs partenariats, dans le cadre d’un dialogue renouvelé et constructif avec la société.
Maîtrise des flux d’azote dans la gestion des prairies et du pâturage en systèmes laitiers intensifs
Authors: PEYRAUD J.L. , DELABY L.
Published: April 2020

L’objectif de ce texte est d’analyser dans quelle mesure il est possible de réduire l’excrétion de N par l’animal et les quantités de N potentiellement lessivables par réduction des intrants azotés tout en limitant les effets négatifs sur la nutrition de l’animal et les performances laitières par animal et par hectare. Dans une première partie, ce texte rappelle les origines des pertes d’azote par l’animal. Ce sont les quantités d’azote excrétées dans l’urine qui sont les plus variables. Elles varient notamment en fonction de la fertilisation azotée et de l’équilibre de la ration. Au niveau de l’animal, la réduction de la fertilisation azotée réduit fortement l’excrétion urinaire sans affecter fortement la valeur nutritionnelle du fourrage et les performances, du moins tant que la teneur en MAT de l’herbe reste supérieure à 120 g par kg de MS. En deçà de cette valeur, l’ingestion d’herbe et finalement la production laitière sont réduites. L’introduction de trèfle blanc permet de limiter la fertilisation sans affecter les performances voire même en les accroissant mais, du fait de sa forte teneur en protéines, le trèfle accroît l’excrétion urinaire de N. A l’échelle de la parcelle, la réduction de la fertilisation réduit toujours le bilan azoté et les risques de pertes par lessivage car les intrants azotés sont alors toujours réduits dans une bien plus grande proportion que les quantités d’azote exportées par le lait. L’introduction de trèfle permet en général de réduire le bilan N de la parcelle et les risques de fuites de nitrates comparés à une parcelle de graminées fortement fertilisée, à conditions toutefois de ne pas dépasser 30 à 40% de trèfle dans l’association. Au-delà, les quantités d’azote fixées par le trèfle et finalement le lessivage peuvent augmenter. Pour un niveau de fertilisation N donné, l’accroissement du chargement ne réduit que marginalement le bilan N des parcelles. La supplémentation avec des céréales ou de l’ensilage de maïs permet de réduire l’excrétion de N par vache car elle réduit la teneur en N de la ration mais elle peut dégrader les bilans à l’échelle de la parcelle car elle s’accompagne en général d’un accroissement du chargement.
A INTERDEPENDÊNCIA ENTRE DEMOCRACIA, BEM COMUM E DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Borges Souza Elden , Sales Pinheiro Victor
Published: April 2020

A democracia é apresentada atualmente como o melhor modelo político e social. No entanto, os confrontos internos entre concepções morais contrapostas apresentam um desafio às visões liberais e utilitaristas de democracia. Afinal, na ausência de um critério moral para avaliar o fato democrático é impossível serem diferenciados governos que respeitam os direitos humanos e governos que os violam. Perde-se, assim, a compreensão do significado da democracia. Isso, por sua vez, afeta o conceito e a proteção dos direitos humanos. Destarte, esta pesquisa apresenta como hipótese a possibilidade de o bem comum aristotélico-tomista trazer contribuições à justificação moral das democracias contemporâneas e, a partir disso, aos direitos humanos. Analisando a teoria social tomista, é possível discutir em que medida o bem comum público permite compreender a finalidade e os limites da comunidade política e de seu governo. Consequentemente, a partir de uma concepção clássica de Direito Natural, questiona-se a possibilidade de o bem comum permitir a justificação do governo democrático em sociedades plurais, garantindo os direitos humanos de forma abrangente. A análise é por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, baseando-se na discussão dos autores primários, como Aquino e John Finnis, e seus críticos liberais. Conclui-se pela necessidade de uma justificação da democracia baseada na ideia de persecução do bem de todos, o qual pode ser racionalmente identificado a partir da noção de bem comum político e viabilizará a garantia dos direitos humanos.
APLICAÇÃO DA LEI Nº 12.651/2012 NA ANÁLISE DA OCUPAÇÃO DAS ÁREAS DE PRESERVAÇÃO PERMANENTE DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA CACHOEIRINHA INVERNADA, GUARULHOS (SP)
Authors: Dias José Rodrigues , Saad Antônio Roberto , Bau Dalmas Fabrício
Published: April 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a Bacia Hidrográfica Cachoeirinha Invernada, localizada no Município de Guarulhos, no Estado de São Paulo, em relação ao tipo de ocupação urbana nela existente à luz das exigências impostas pelos Incisos do Artigo 4° da Lei 12.651 de 2012. Foi realizada uma pesquisa na literatura jurídica e aplicadas técnicas de geoprocessamento com o software Quantum GIS, com o intuito de verificar se as Áreas de Preservação Ambiental da área de estudo estão em conformidade da Lei. Como resultados, verificou-se que grande parte das APP da região norte da Bacia Hidrográfica Cachoeirinha Invernada está preservada. Considerando-se a bacia como um todo, 39% da área da APP total estão inseridas nas classes de residências consolidadas, e 40% estão em áreas de cobertura arbórea densa. Em face dos conflitos apresentados nas áreas ocupadas de maneira irregular, destaca-se que são eminentes os riscos de deslizamentos de encostas e danos ao patrimônio privado em eventos de fortes chuvas e consequentemente inundações.
RACIOCÍNIO JURÍDICO E JUSTIFICAÇÃO DE DECISÕES JUDICIAIS:
Authors: Ferrazzo Débora , Raizer Fiamoncini Daniel
Published: April 2020

Três grandes estágios caracterizam a cultura jurídica ocidental: o jusnaturalismo, o juspositivismo e o pós-positivismo, ou neoconstitucionalismo. Cada uma dessas etapas é marcada por formas próprias de raciocínio jurídico e legitimação das decisões na resolução de conflitos. Considerando a importância recobrada pela ideia de justiça, como fundamento de legitimidade, apesar da complexidade e das controvérsias que revestem o tema, propõe-se uma reflexão a respeito de como a cultura e a ciência jurídica vêm lidando com os embaraços que a justiça – ou o seu preterimento em favor da segurança jurídica – acarretam aos sistemas de direito, notadamente, o positivo. Para analisar o tema, adota-se a proposta de Perelman – identificar a racionalidade em que a justiça ou fundamento de validade jurídica se insere –, dividindo essa racionalidade nos termos propostos por Ferrajoli, que delimita a cultura jurídica ocidental nos três períodos mencionados: Estado jurisprudencial (jusnaturalista); legislativo (juspositivista) e constitucional (pós-positivista ou neoconstitucionalista). A percepção à qual o estudo conduziu é a de que a complexa ideia de justiça é uma constante: um desafio que o direito precisa enfrentar, mas um problema ainda maior quando tal questão se tenta evitar.
Open Source Digitally Replicable Lab-Grade Scales
Authors: Hubbard Benjamin R. , Pearce Joshua M.
Published: April 2020

This study provides designs for a low-cost, easily replicable open source lab-grade digital scale that can be used as a precision balance. The design is such that it can be manufactured for use in most labs throughout the world with open source RepRap-class material extrusion-based 3-D printers for the mechanical components and readily available open source electronics including the Arduino Nano. Several versions of the design were fabricated and tested for precision and accuracy for a range of load cells. The results showed the open source scale was found to be repeatable within 0.1g with multiple load cells, with even better precision (0.01g) depending on load cell range and style. The scale tracks linearly with proprietary lab-grade scales, meeting the performance specified in the load cell data sheets, indicating that it is accurate across the range of the load cell installed. The smallest loadcell tested(100g) offers precision on the order of a commercial digital mass balance. The scale can be produced at significant cost savings compared to scales of comparable range and precision when serial capability is present. The cost savings increase significantly as the range of the scale increases and are particularly well-suited for resource-constrained medical and scientific facilities.
A Short-Term Forecast Scenario for COVID-19 Epidemic and Allocated Hospital Readiness in Egypt
Authors: El-Ghitany Engy
Published: April 2020

BackgroundThe novel virus COVID-19, also known as SARS-CoV‑2, is currently rapidly spreading around the globe and pushing healthcare systems to the limits of their capacity. One of the functions of predictive models is to timely act for epidemic preparedness including hospital preparedness. In Egypt, like many other countries in the world, the epidemic situation and forecasting have not yet sufficiently studied. ObjectiveThe study was carried out to develop a short-term forecast scenario for the COVID-19 epidemic situation in Egypt and predict the hospital needs to accommodate the growing number of cases.MethodsSecondary data from the COVID-2019 daily reports and the report issued 8th of April by the Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population were used. Due to the daily changing level of knowledge and data, the article reflects the status up to 18 April 2020. The prediction was based on the exponential growth rate model. For the depiction of the situation, the full length of the epidemic timeline was analyzed (from February 14th till April 18th). The growth rates and their rates of decline during the period from the 22nd of March till the 18th of April were calculated and extrapolated in the coming 7 weeks. The predicted hospital needs were assessed against the announced allocated resources.ResultsThe epidemic curve in Egypt is on the ascending arm as of April, 18. The active cases showed exponential growth from the start of the epidemic till April, 18. At the end of this period time, the recovery rate was 23.12% and the case fatality rate (CFR) was7.39. The case fatality rate median level during the last four weeks was 6.64. The active cases are expected to reach more than 20,000 by late May then starts to decline. The allocated regular hospital beds are predicted to show shortage by the time of the release of the paper. The intensive care units (ICU) beds and ventilators are predicted to show insufficiency on May 6.Conclusions: The COVID-19 epidemic in Egypt is expected to continue on the rise for the next few weeks and expected to start to decline late in May, 2020. Our estimates should be useful in preparedness planning. Serious actions should be taken to provide ICU beds and ventilators enough for the predicted number of cases that would need them, not later than the end of April. Mitigation actions have to continue for the coming 6 weeks or until the epidemic situation is more clearly seen.
System Archetypes to Understand the Impacts of Climate Change on Rice Production: A Case Study in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Bahri Muhamad
Published: April 2020

Climate projections show that southern Indonesia such as West Nusa Tenggara is projected to experience a lower precipitation and higher temperatures. To date, research on climate change impact on Indonesian rice production yield is limited. As climate change is projected to decrease rainfall and to increase temperatures, this paper offers a qualitative analysis using system archetypes to understand the impacts of climate change on rice production. Two system archetypes are identified including Limits to Growth and Success to Successful. Both archetypes explain that rice production is hampered by high minimum temperature as photosynthesis output is decreased by increasing respiration. This paper shows that using a simple tool, system archetypes, we can describe the impacts of climate change on rice production. The outputs of this study such as a causal loop diagram and system archetypes can be a basis to develop a simulation model in understanding the impacts of climate change on main crops.
PERSPECTIVES ON THE INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS THROUGH ILLEGAL DOWNLOADS
Authors: Espigares Huete José Carlos
Published: April 2020

Copyright infringement in cyberspace is an issue of extraordinary interest that has aroused serious concerns. In fact, because of the unusual profiles that cyberspace presents, it provides a window of opportunity that is conducive to infringing copyrights. The digitilization of a wide range of works, their communication, and the structure of the network has a decisive influence on the exercise of these rights. This is what happens, for example, with practices that involve illegally sharing files over the internet. Our regulatory framework, whose ultimate goal is to eradicate these behaviours, must be effective in their prevention, pursuit and punishment. But to date, the experience in Spain has brought to light the difficulty in reducing these types of behaviours, which is precisely the point that we would like to reflect on. Since, in our opinion, the owners of intellectual property rights can expect a more reassuring panorama in Spain in relation to direct claims against users who illegally download protected works.
Rehabilitación mediante implante dental tras un caso de osteomielitis focal esclerosante. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Anitua Eduardo
Published: April 2020

La osteomielitis focal esclerosante es un cuadro de poca frecuencia ante el cual no existen demasiadas opciones terapéuticas, al margen del tratamiento de conductos del diente afectado. En caso de no encontrarse el diente vital, los tratamientos se reducen y, respecto del hueso afectado, no existen evidencias científicas sobre la colocación de implantes. Presentamos un caso clínico en el que se maneja este cuadro eliminando el hueso y regenerándolo con PRGF-Endoret®, para colocar posteriormente un implante dental.
Acute focal bacterial nephritis with vesicoureteral reflux in infants
Authors: LIU YAN , WANG HONG WEN , CHEN JING , LIU DONG , Cai Quan Chun
Published: April 2020

Background

Acute focal bacterial nephritis (AFBN) is a seldom infection in children kidney disease,Vesicoureteral reflux(VUR) often exist in infants who are easy to have urinary tract infection(UTI).In this study,we summarize the clinical features ,imaging and therapy.
Methods

eleven patients with AFBN and VUR aged from two months to eight months treated at this hospital from January 2017 to August 2019 were reviewed.The manifestations,urine and blood tests, imagings,treatments of patients were analyzed retrospectively.
Results

Fever was the common symptom,blood CRP was higher than normal(25 mg/L-200 mg/L),The percentage of neutrophils in blood was 52%-85%.The ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes was 1.39–11.6,Routine urine microscopic examination of leukocyte was +∽3+/HP,Urine culture samples were 42, 34 samples were positive, the positive rate was 80.95%.Diagnosis was set by CT combined MCU.Enhanced CT conducted for all patients showed hypoperfused wedged-shaped or round and space-occupying lesions in kidney.MCU conducted showed I-V grade VUR in single or both sides.9 cases were treated with prophylactic antibiotics, DxHA injection was operated on 1 case, cohen operation for another patient.Relapses were rarely occur after insisting on treatment.
Conclusion

AFBN in children are rare and associated with VUR. Patients with AFBN should perform MCU to find out VUR and insist on prophylactic antibiotic until the VUR disappeared, patients with recurrent infection and serious VUR need urological treatment in order to prevent the formation of renal scar.
Micromorphological variation forage crops of Loliinae subtribe (Poaceae)
Authors: Keshavarzi Maryam , Tabaripour Raheleh
Published: April 2020

Background: Loliinae subtribe (Poaceae) composed of famous temperate grasses with forage and ornamental importance worldwide. Some elements as Lolium, Festuca and Vulpia are widely used as fodder and ornamental in gardens. In present project micromorphological characters of lemmas and paleas using scanning electron microscopy for 56 taxa of 32 species of Loliinae, have been investigated. In present project micromorphological characters of lemmas and paleas using scanning electron microscopy for 56 taxa of 32 species of Loliinae, have been investigated. By evaluating these set of features in abaxial lemma and palea, we aimed to clarify the taxonomic value in this subtribe for the first time. Other purpose of present study was to assess the impact of silica bodies and epicuticular wax in species for livestock palatability.Results: Features studied including long cells length, long cells shape, periclinal wall of long cells, short cells, silica cells, prickles, prostration of crown cells thin layer of crown cells, macroharis and wax shape. Two new types of lemma and palea micromorphological traits were introduced here. Multivariate data analysis was obtained using PAST software.Conclusions: Lolium temulentum is a toxic weed and recorded as dangerous for livestock because of having increased amount of wax and silica bodies at the vegetative parts. Taxa relationships were discussed based on micromorphological characters and the results were in concordance with the previous molecular findings. Although some genera studied, were not grouped properly.
A Comparative Study of the Status of Supportive-Palliative Care Provision in Iran and Selected Countries: Strengths and Weaknesses
Authors: raeissi pouran , salimi mohammad , Hashemi Seyed-Masoud , Reisi nahid , ahmadi seyed ahmad
Published: April 2020

Background: Terminally illnesses such as cancer, AIDS, dementia, and advanced heart disease will require special supportive and palliative care, although a few numbers of these patients are provided with these services.Objective: The present study was conducted aiming to perform a comparative study of supportive-palliative care provision in selected countries.Methods: This research was a descriptive-comparative study that its research population was the frameworks of palliative and supportive care provision in Egypt, Turkey, America, Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, and China. These frameworks were compared across 6 dimensions of service receivers, financing, providers, service provider centers, type of services provided and training. Data collection tool has included checklist and information sources, documents, evidence, articles, books and journals collected through the internet and organizations related to the health information of selected countries and by library search. Data was investigated and analyzed using data collection tool and checklists.Findings: The findings showed that the developed countries having decentralized trusteeship structure had a more favorable status in palliative and supportive care provision. The type of services provided was a combination of mental, psychological, social, spiritual, financial, and physical and communication services. Provider centers included hospital, the elderly, and cancer, and charity centers.Conclusion: Regarding the investigation and recognition of the status of supportive-palliative care provision, it was observed that the provision of these services was a concern of the selected countries, but they did not have a defined model or pattern to provide these services. Therefore, it is suggested that each country takes a step to redesign and define frameworks and structures in the evolution of supportive-palliative cares in accordance with the particular conditions, indigenous culture, religion and other effective cases of that country and pays special attention to the role and position of supportive-palliative cares.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol within the normal range and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the non-obese Chinese population: a secondary analysis based on a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Zhigang (N/A) , Xu Baohong
Published: April 2020

Background

Evidence regarding the relationship between normal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was limited. Therefore, this dissertation seeks to investigate the relationship between LDL-c and NAFLD in the non-obese Chinese population after adjusting for other covariates.
Methods

The present study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 183903 non-obese participants were involved in a Wenzhou Medical Center of Wenzhou People’s Hospital from 2010 to 2014. The target independent variable and the dependent variable were LDL-c measured at baseline and NAFLD respectively. Covariates involved in this study included SEX, AGE, BMI, SBP, DBP, FPG, ALB, ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, TG, TC, HDL-c, UA. It was noted that the entire study was completed by Dan-Qin Sun et al., and uploaded the data to the DATADRYAD website. The author only used this data for secondary analysis.
Results

The average age of 183903 selected participants was 41.0 ± 14.1 years old,and about 49.6% of them was male. After adjusting potential confounders (SEX, AGE, BMI, FPG, ALB, GLB, ALT, AST, GGT, BUN, Cr, TG, TC, HDL-c, UA), non-linear relationship was detected between normal LDL-c levels and NAFLD, whose point was 1.51. The effect sizes and the confidence intervals on the left and right sides of inflection point were 0.87 (0.64, 1.18) and 1.79 (1.67, 1.92), respectively.
Conclusion

The relationship between normal LDL-c levels and NAFLD is non-linear. Normal LDL-c levels was positively correlated with NAFLD when LDL-c was more than 1.51.
Association of potato and other starchy vegetable consumption with cardiovascular diseases risk factors in Iranian elderly men
Authors: Basiry Mursal , Daneshzad Elnaz , Mozaffari Hadis , Azadbakht Leila
Published: April 2020

Objectives.

Given the limited research on potato and other starchy vegetable consumption with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), we examined the association of potato and other starchy vegetable intakes in association with cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers among elderly men.
Study Design.
A cross-sectional study.
Methods.

In this study, 357 elderly men were participated. Dietary intake was assessed using food a valid and reliable frequency questionnaires. Two separated groups were considered. 1. Potato, 2. Other Starchy vegetables including corn, squash, green pea, and green lima beans. CVD risk factors including HDL, LDL, FBS, TG, TC, Alkaline phosphatase, Fibrinogen, Insulin, IL-6, TNF-α, SGOT and SGPT were measured.
Results.

Participants in the highest tertile of potato consumption had a 45% lower serum level of fasting blood sugar (OR: 0.55; 95%CI: 0.31, 1.97; P trend: 0.041). However, this significant association disappeared after controlling for confounders. The participants in the highest tertile of potato consumption had higher serum level of triglyceride (OR: 4.52 95%CI: 1.10, 18.56; P trend: 0.030). Moreover, participants in the highest tertiles of other starchy vegetable consumption had an 84% lower serum level of alanine aminotransferase (OR: 0.16 95%CI: 0.03, 0.90; P trend: 0.040).
Conclusion.

Overall, more consumption of potato may be related to developing CVD risk factors. Future research is needed to elucidate the association between potato and other starchy vegetable consumption with cardiovascular diseases risk factors in both genders.
Re-examining the Impact of Financial Development on the Economic Growth of North Cyprus Through the Moderating Role of the Education Sector
Authors: Giritli Nuru , Kalmaz Demet Beton
Published: April 2020

This study examines the impact of financial development on economic growth with the multiplier effect of the higher education by employing yearly data covering the years between 1990 and 2018 measured in TL. The results reached could shape the policies in achieving sustainable economic growth. Co-integration between the series are tested with ARDL based bounds test; since Zivot-Andrews structural unit root test results showed that variables are integrated at different orders. Furthermore, FMOLS and DOLS are applied to check for robustness. Moreover, Toda-Yamamoto Causality test is employed to test for the causal relationship between the series. Results show that there is a bidirectional causal relationship between financial depth and economic growth; and unidirectional causal relationships from money supply to financial depth, from economic growth and financial depth to education sector. Diagnostic and stability tests results confirm the reliability and stability of the parameters of the model employed.
Determinants of Rural Households’ Vulnerability to Food Insecurity in Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Eshetu Fassil
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to measure the level and determinants of rural households’ vulnerability to food insecurity using a sample of 574 households and feasible generalized least square method. Results showed that the mean level of food insecurity at high land, low land and middle land areas are 73.12, 77.11 and 52.24 percent respectively. But mean level of vulnerability to food insecurity at high land, low land and middle land areas are 76.87, 84.32 and 55.62 percent respectively. The overall level of food insecurity and vulnerability to food insecurity in the study area are 68.31 and 73.34 perecent respectively. Thus, vulnerability to food insecurity is more wide spread in the study areas particularly in moisture stress low land area. Logistic regression showed that age of household, family size, off farm income, safety net programs, distance from health, death of household members and death of animals significantly increase rural households’ vulnerability to food insecurity. But, farm income, irrigation use and credit uses significantly decrease rural households’ vulnerability to food insecurity. Hence, government may help rural households to gather more resources and reduce vulnerability to food insecurity via better access to credit, infrastructure, irrigation uses and population control.
The Median Survival Recovery Time and Associated Factors Among Admitted Neonate in Intensive Care Units of Dire Dawa Public Hospitals, East Ethiopia, 2019.
Authors: Derese Tariku , Belay Yalelet , Tariku Zerihun
Published: April 2020

Background

Neonate is any infants from the birth to 28 days. Most of the neonatal deaths occur in developing countries particularly in sub-Saharan African and south central Asian countries. The ability to predict Length of stay would be valuable to parents and families, clinicians and service providers. Timely Management and treatment of birth complication are important factors in reducing new born mortality.
Objective

The median Survival Recovery time and associated factors among admitted neonate in intensive care units of Dire Dawa Governmental Hospitals, East Ethiopia, 2019.
Methods

Facility based retrospective cohort study design was employed to assess recovery time and associated factors of neonate among a total of 499 selected 0–28 days of neonates from two public Hospitals and validated Checklist were used to assess data. Data were entered in to Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS window version 21.0. Descriptive data were presented by table and graph. To determine the associated factors, Cox regression model was computed with 95% CI and P-value < 0.05 level of significance. Ethical clearance was taken from Dire Dawa University research and technology interchange office and given for all concerned body.
Result

The overall median survival recovery time of neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care units of Dire Dawa public hospital was 7 Days with 95% CI (6.525–7.475). Among the neonates that admitted in neonatal intensive care units, neonates those who have weight < 2500 g had 1.648 times higher hazard risks to recovery compared to that neonates who have weight greater than or equal to 4000 g with [AHR 1.648 95% CI (1.246–2.179)]. Those neonates who were none intubated had 6.725 higher hazard risks compared to that of intubates neonates [AHR 6.725 95% CI (1.616–27.978)], and those neonates who were not supply oxygen continuously had 1.336 times low probability to for recovery [AHR 1.336 95% CI (1.030–1.733)]. But, the neonates admitted between 1–6 days after birth had 0.521 times higher probability for recovery compared to the neonate with those neonate admitted between 7–28 days of after birth [AHR 0.521 95% CI (0.355–0.763)].
Conclusion

Overall median survival recovery time was 7 Days and Birth weight of neonates, Oxygen supply, and Intubation and admission time of neonate between 1–6 days of after birth were factors that significantly associated with recovery time of neonates. Compared to the other study the recovery time of neonates in this study were short and better.
Correlation of MET and PD-L1 expression in malignant melanoma
Authors: Song Kyu Young , Desar Sabina , Pengo Thomas , Shanley Ryan , Giubellino Alessio
Published: April 2020

Background: The proto-oncogene MET, the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) with a prominent role in tumor metastasis and resistance to anti-cancer therapies. Melanoma demonstrates relatively frequent MET aberrations, including MET gene amplification. Concurrently, PD-L1, with its ability to evade anti-tumor immune responses, has emerged as a prominent therapeutic target in melanoma and other malignancies and its expression is used as a predictive biomarker of response to immunotherapy. Methods: We performed immunohistochemistry analysis of MET and PD-L1 in 18 human melanoma cell lines derived from both primary and metastatic lesions; we then performed the same analysis in a human melanoma tissue microarray (TMA) containing 100 melanocytic lesions, including 42 cutaneous malignant melanomas, 20 mucosal melanoma, 21 metastatic melanomas and 17 benign melanocytic nevi as controls. After color deconvolution, TMA cores were identified and segmented to isolate staining and calculate the percentage of positive cells in each core. Results: Overall, MET expression was higher in metastatic lesions and it was higher in tumors with increased PD-L1 expression. Moreover, a positive correlation between MET and PD-L1 expression was found in metastatic melanoma. Conclusions: These data suggest that testing for expression of these markers should be conducted in patients with melanoma with metastatic disease and selective therapies targeting these proteins should be considered for advanced disease.
Early histologic findings of pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection detected in a surgical specimen.
Authors: Angelina Pernazza , Mancini Massimiliano , Rullo Emma , Bassi Massimiliano , Giacomo Tiziano De , Rocca Carlo Della , d'Amati Giulia
Published: April 2020

Despite the current pandemic season, reports on pathologic features of Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) are exceedingly rare at the present time. Here we describe the pathologic features of early lung involvement by COVID-19 in a surgical sample resected for carcinoma from a patient who developed SARS-CoV-2 infection soon after surgery. The main histologic findings observed were pneumocyte damage, alveolar hemorrhages with clustering of macrophages, prominent and diffuse neutrophilic margination within septal vessels and interstitial inflammatory infiltrates, mainly represented by CD8+ T lymphocytes. These features are similar to those previously described in SARS-CoV infection. Subtle histologic changes suggestive pulmonary involvement by Covid-19 may be accidentally encountered in routine pathology practice, especially when extensive sampling is performed for histology. These findings should be carefully interpreted in light of the clinical context of the patient and could prompt a pharyngeal swab PCR test to rule out the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic patients.
Effective adsorbents for removal Cd(II) ion in solution from activated carbon of palm oil shell coated with magnetite particles
Authors: . Buhani , . Suharso , Rilyanti Mita , Sari Miranda , . Sumadi
Published: April 2020

Investigation of the ability of activated carbon (AC) adsorption from modification of palm oil shells by coating magnetite (Fe3O4) particles to Cd(II) ions in solution was studied through a series of adsorption experiments with a bacth method. The activated carbon adsorbents (PPAC-P) and the activated carbon-magnetite (PPAC-MnPs) were characterized by Fourier transform spectrometer to identify the functional groups, X-ray diffraction to study the level of material crystallization, scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray analysis to analyze the surface morphology of material and element constituents, as well as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analyzer to analyze the surface areas of the adsorbents. The concentrations of Cd(II) ions in the solution were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The adsorption process of Cd(II) ions by PPAC-P and PPAC-MnPs was optimum at pH 6 and 7 with contact time of 90 minutes, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of Cd(II) ions in PPAC-P and PPAC-MnPs have a tendency to follow the pseudo second-order kinetics model and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model with a value of R2 > 0.99. These suggested that the adsorption process of the Cd(II) ions on PPAC-P and PPAC-PMnPs were described as heterogeneous adsorption. PPAC-PMnPs adsorbents can be used repeatedly with % Cd(II) ions adsorbed almost constant for 4 cycles with adsorption efficiency > 80%.
BbNCPD-Bayesian belief Network Based Contextual Polarity Disambiguation in Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Singh Tajinder , Kumari Madhu
Published: April 2020

Sentiment analysis has enormous contributions and vivid utility in many areas of natural language processing, e-commerce and social network analysis. Although there are several methods designated for this task but major thrust of this domain to develop machine learning based polarity classification of user generated text, review and post. It is even tougher to classify the text containing multi-polarity words. In the meantime, several studies have discussed and focused on contextual information of word in Natural Language Processing. But, due to lack of methodologies, it becomes challenging for contextual polarity disambiguation because no evidence is available which proves that whether the sentiment expressed by the context is correctly identified. Therefore, in this work an effort to compute the quantified amount of polarity of terms/words in a given text, based on its local as well as global contexts. The proposed work contains two major parts, firstly it extracts the local and global features from semantic dependency parsing and co-occurrences with which association of the designated word to be disambiguated with previous polarities. Then, the second part computes a Bayesian belief network of these features along with their conditional probabilities which are used to disambiguate and compute sentiments. The performance of the proposed scheme is exhaustively tested on standard datasets and results clearly show the efficacy of the proposed scheme.
SPIO-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hepatocarcinoma
Authors: Lu Chen-ying , Zhang Nan-Nan , Shu Gao-feng , Zhu Xiu-liang , Chen Min-jiang , Weng Qiao-you , Lin Xian-yao , Du Yong-zhong , Ji Jian-song , Yu Risheng
Published: April 2020

Background

The development of sensitive and specific MRI contrast agents for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma is highly demanded. Here, a peptide A54 (sequence: AGKGTPSLETTP) functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs)-based magnetic nanostructured lipid carrier(A54-MNLC)as a hepatoma targeting negative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent was developed.
Results

Firstly, the A54 peptide functionalized PEGylated SA (A54-PEG-SA) was synthesized by the coupling reaction between A54 and NH2-PEG-SA. Then SPIONs-loaded MNLC(MNLC and A54-MNLC)were prepared by the solvent diffusion method. The A54-MNLC with a diameter of about 50 nm, and in vitro cell viability study revealed that the prepared A54-MNLC was cytocompatible in the given particles’ concentration ranges. The cellular uptake results indicated that A54-MNLC was able to be uptaken specifically by human hepatoma cell line (Bel-7402 cells) and also can be used as efficient probe for targeted MR imaging of cancer cells in vitro. The in vivo MR imaging experiments using an orthotopic implantation model further validated the hepatoma-targeting ability of A54-MNLC with a more remarkable MR imaging contrast effect compared to MNLC.
Conclusions

These results demonstrate that the A54-MNLC is a promising nanoplatform as a targeted MR imaging contrast agent for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Expression characteristics of exosomal long non-coding RNA in abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Li Chuang , Zhao Yubo , Wan Shuwei , Guo Yaming , Han Mingli , Zhang Shuai , Jiao Zhouyang , Xu Peng , Hua Zhaohui , Liu Shirui , Cao Hui , Li Zhen
Published: April 2020

Background and objective:Abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA) is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in middle-aged and elderly people. Although the understanding of the physiology and pathology of AAA has been improved, the potential molecular mechanism of AAA is still unclear. The existing evidence confirms that exosomal lncRNAs have a wide range of biological functions, and its regulatory disorders are related to the occurrence of diseases such as AAA, but the internal mechanism is not clear. The main purpose of this study is to screen the differentially expressed lncRNAs in exosomes between normal people and patients with AAA and to understand its internal mechanism.Materials and methods:The plasma of a healthy control group and patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm was collected, and the lncRNAs of exosomes were extracted and sequenced. Differential expression was assessed by DEseq using read counts as input and chosen according to the criteria of |log2(fold change)| > 1 and adjusted p-value < 0.05. Based on the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and biological pathway and gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis, the target genes were analyzed, and the correlation between lncRNA and target genes was analyzed.Result:We screened 45 species differentially expressed lncRNAs and found pathway significantly related to these genes, namely metabolic pathways, calcium signaling pathways and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and They play a significant and important role in the metabolic process and the cell signaling.Conclusion:There was significant difference in expression of exosomal lncRNAs between normal subjects and AAA patients. LncRNAs in exosomes regulate in the progress of AAA by activating metabolic pathway and calcium signaling pathway, but the specific mechanism is not clear and needs to be further explored.
Increased Expression of CDCA2 in Glioma Predicts Poor Prognosis as Identified by Population-based Analysis
Authors: Dong Weiwei , Liu Yunhui
Published: April 2020

Background: The cell division cycle-associated protein 2 (CDCA2) was found to be a cell cycle-related protein. CDCA2 was previously reported to be associated with proliferation and migration in multiple cancer. We evaluated the role of CDCA2 in glioma using publicly available data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).Methods: The relationships between clinical characteristics and CDCA2 expression were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test or Kruskal-Wallis test. Clinicopathologic characteristics associated with overall survival (OS) were analyzed using Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier method. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to sort the signaling pathway associated with the expression of CDCA2. Pearson correlation test was used to analyse the expression correlation between CDCA2 and well-known cell cycle-related genes.Results: Glioma with high CDCA2 expression was more prone to be associated with advanced malignancy clinical pathologic characteristics and worse prognosis than that with low CDCA2 expression in TCGA and CGGA dataset (P < 0.001). The multiple analysis revealed that CDCA2 was independently associated with OS (HR:1.396; [CI]:1.236 − 1.577, P < 0.001). GSEA showed that cell cycle checkpoint, cell cycle G1/S phase transition, DNA damage checkpoint and regulation of cell cycle arrest were enriched in CDCA2 high expression phenotype. Pearson correlation test revealed that CDCA2 was co-expression with well-known key cell cycle-related genes (CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNB2, CCNE1, CCNE2, CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6).Conclusion: High CDCA2 expression may be a potential prognosis molecular marker of poor survival in glioma. Cell cycle regulation pathway may be the key pathway regulated by CDCA2 in glioma.
Preservation of cerebrospinal fluid cells to investigate intrathecal immunity in neurodegeneration
Authors: Levanthal Olivia , Wyss-Coray Tony , Gate David
Published: April 2020

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides basic mechanical and immunological protection to the brain. Historically, analysis of CSF has focused on protein changes, yet recent studies of neurodegenerative diseases have shed light on cellular alterations. Due to low cell numbers in the CSF, only recently have advances in molecular biology techniques allowed for the investigation of disease-related cellular changes. Chief among these advances is single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). However, concerns such as batch effects and time constraints call for a standardized method for long-term preservation of CSF immune cells. Results: We present a method for long-term cryopreservation of CSF immune cells for downstream scRNAseq analysis. Cells can be analyzed up to two years following CSF collection. On average, 4,961 live cells can be recovered from 10 mL CSF after cryopreservation, with no association between length of storage and cell viability. We demonstrate that scRNAseq detects CD8 + and CD4 + T cells, natural killer cells, plasma cells, B cells, and innate immune cells (monocytes and dendritic cells) within the CSF of 24 subjects. Conclusions: The ability to store CSF cells long-term will enable researches actively collecting CSF to investigate intrathecal immunity. This method will aid in the understanding of cellular and molecular changes to CSF immunity in neurodegenerative diseases.