bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulating the solvation sheath of zinc ions by supramolecular coordination chemistry toward ultrastable zinc anodes
Authors: Zhang Guoqun , Chen Yuan , Fu Lulu , Zheng Lifeng , Fan Kun , Zhang Chenyang , Zou Jincheng , Dai Huichao , Guan Linnan , Cao Yueyue , Mao Minglei , Ma Jing , Wang Chengliang
Published: May 2023

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted extensive interest for the next‐generation batteries, which, however, are facing great challenges due to the poor reversibility of zinc (Zn) anodes and side reactions of water decomposition. Herein, we demonstrated a strategy that the solvation sheath of Zn ions could be facilely regulated by supramolecular coordination chemistry by adding small amounts of cyclodextrins (CDs) and, hence, inhibited the side reactions and side products, widened the electrochemical window, facilitated the homogenous deposition of Zn ions, refined the Zn grains, and enhanced the stability of Zn anodes. Importantly, we demonstrated that compared with α‐ and β‐CD, the γ‐CD showed the best regulation effect of the solvation sheath of Zn ions either at the same molar ratio or at the same mass concentration, which could be ascribed to their difference in supramolecular coordination chemistry and the strongest interaction of γ‐CD with Zn ions. As a result, with γ‐CD, the Zn//Zn symmetric cells showed ultrahigh stability with a cycling lifespan of over 2400 h at a current density of 1 mA/cm2. These results highlight the regulation of solvation sheath by supramolecular coordination chemistry for highly stable Zn anodes and pave a new way to realize high‐performance ZIBs.
A note on asymptotics of the risk function under confidence region estimation in case of large samples of random size
Authors: Zaigraev Alexander
Published: May 2023

The problem of optimal estimation of location and scale parameters of absolutely continuous distributions, by means of two-dimensional confidence regions based on L-statistics, is considered. The case, when the sample size is random and tends to infinity, is studied. The paper can be considered as a supplement to Zaigraev and Alama-Bućko (Metrika 81:283–305, 2018) in case of samples of random size.
Pessary management practices for pelvic organ prolapse among Australian health care practitioners: a cross-sectional study
Authors: McEvoy Katrina , Griffin Rebecca , Harris Melissa , Moger Hannah , Wright Olivia , Nurkic Irena , Thompson Judith , Das Rebekah , Neumann Patricia
Published: May 2023

Introduction and hypothesis

Vaginal pessaries are a low-cost, effective treatment for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and an alternative to surgery. Whilst traditionally pessary management (PM) has been provided by medical professionals, particularly gynaecologists, recent international studies found other professionals, including physiotherapists and nurses, may be involved. It is unknown which health care practitioners (HCPs) provide PM for POP in Australia or the distribution of services.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study design, a self-reported electronic survey investigated Australian HCPs providing PM for POP. Purposive and snowball sampling targeted HCPs, professional organisations and health care facilities. Descriptive statistics described PM in relation to HCP professional profile, PM provision and geographical location.

Results

There were 536 respondents (324 physiotherapists, 148 specialists, 33 general practitioners (GPs) and 31 nurses providing PM. Most worked within metropolitan regions (n = 332, 64%), 140 (27%) in rural, 108 (21%) in regional and 10 (2%) in remote areas. Most worked privately (n = 418, 85%), 153 (46%) worked publicly and 85 (17%) in both. Ring pessaries were most commonly used, followed by cube and Gellhorn. HCPs reported variable training in PM, and 336 (69%) had no mandatory workplace competency standard; however, 324 (67%) wanted further training. Women travelled long distances to access services.

Conclusions

Doctors, nurses and physiotherapists provided PM in Australia. HCPs had variable training and experience in PM, with rural and remote HCPs particularly wanting further training. This study highlights the need for accessible PM services, standardised and competency-based training for HCPs, and governance structures ensuring safe care.
Optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays and distance relays using different optimization algorithms
Authors: Korashy Ahmed , Kamel Salah , Jurado Francisco
Published: May 2023

The focus of this study is on solving the coordination problem between distance relays (DISRs) and directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs), which is a complex nonlinear problem with various constraints. Ensuring proper coordination between DOCRs and distance relays is critical for maintaining the security of electrical networks. The primary objective of employing optimization algorithms is to determine the optimal operating time for zone-2 of distance relays, as well as the DOCRs setting, time dial setting (TDS), and pickup current (Ipickup). The optimization techniques must also guarantee that the primary and backup relays operate in sequence without any violation. To this end, both recent and well-established optimization algorithms are evaluated using an 8-bus network, with the aim of determining the DOCRs setting and the optimal operating time for zone-2 of distance relays. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of different optimization algorithms, including both traditional and recent techniques, is conducted.
Proteomics and Genetic Approaches Elucidate the Circulation of Low Variability Staphylococcus aureus Strains on Colombian Dairy Farms
Authors: Rodríguez Martha Fabiola , Gomez Arlen Patricia , Parra-Giraldo Claudia Marcela , Ceballos-Garzon Andres
Published: May 2023

Staphylococcus aureusis one of the most prevalent pathogens causing bovine mastitis in the world, in part because of its ease of adaptation to various hosts and the environment. This study aimed to determine the prevalence ofS. aureusin Colombian dairy farms and its relationship with the causal network of subclinical mastitis. From thirteen dairy farms enrolled, 1288 quarter milk samples (QMS) and 330 teat samples were taken from cows with positive (70.1%) and negative California Mastitis Test (CMT). In addition, 126 samples from the milking parlor environment and 40 from workers (nasal) were collected. On each dairy farm, a survey was conducted, and the milking process was monitored on the day of sampling.S. aureuswas identified in 176 samples, i.e., 138 QMS, 20 from teats, 8 from the milking parlor environment, and 10 from workers’ nasal swabs. Isolates identified asS. aureusunderwent proteomics (clustering of mass spectrum) and molecular (tuf,coa,spa Ig,clfA, andenogenes) analysis. Regarding proteomics results, isolates were distributed into three clusters, each with members from all sources and all farms. Concerning molecular analysis, the virulence-related genesclfAandenowere identified in 41.3% and 37.8% ofS. aureusisolates, respectively. We provide evidence on the circulation ofS. aureusstrains with limited variability among animals, humans, and the environment. The parameters with the lowest compliance in the farms which may be implicated in the transmission ofS. aureusare the lack of handwashing and abnormal milk handling.
Acute kidney injury in infants hospitalized for viral bronchiolitis
Authors: Marzuillo Pierluigi , Di Sessa Anna , Golino Raffaella , Tirelli Paola , De Lucia Maeva , Rivetti Giulio , Miraglia del Giudice Emanuele , Guarino Stefano , Nunziata Felice
Published: May 2023

We investigated prevalence of and factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in a group of patients hospitalized with viral bronchiolitis. We retrospectively enrolled 139 children (mean age = 3.2 ± 2.1 months; males = 58.9%) hospitalized for viral bronchiolitis in a non-pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) setting. The Kidney Disease/Improving Global Outcomes creatinine criterion was used to diagnose AKI. We estimated basal serum creatinine by back-calculating it by Hoste (age) equation assuming that basal eGFR were the median age-based eGFR normative values. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore associations with AKI. Out of 139 patients, AKI was found in 15 (10.8%). AKI was found in 13 out of 74 (17.6%) patients with and in 2 out of 65 (3.1%) without respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection (p = 0.006). No patient required renal replacement therapies, while 1 out of 15 (6.7%) developed AKI stage 3, 1 (6.7%) developed AKI stage 2, and 13 (86.6%) developed AKI stage 1. Among the 15 patients with AKI, 13 (86.6%) reached the maximum AKI stage at admission, 1 (6.7%) at 48 h, and 1 (6.7%) at 96 h. At multivariate analysis, birth weight < 10th percentile (odds ratio, OR = 34.1; 95% confidence interval, CI = 3.6–329.4; p = 0.002), preterm birth (OR = 20.3; 95% CI = 3.1–129.5; p = 0.002), RSV infection (OR = 27.0; 95% CI = 2.6–279.9; p = 0.006), and hematocrit levels > 2 standard deviation score (SDS) (OR = 22.4; 95% CI = 2.8–183.6; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with AKI.

Conclusion: About 11% of patients hospitalized with viral bronchiolitis in a non-PICU setting develop an AKI (frequently mild in degree). Preterm birth, birth weight < 10th percentile, hematocrit levels > 2SDS, and RSV infection are significantly associated with AKI in the setting of viral bronchiolitis.

What is Known:• Viral bronchiolitis affects children in the first months of life and in 7.5% of cases it can be complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI).• No studies investigated associations with AKI in infants hospitalized for viral bronchiolitis.

What is New:• About 11% of patients hospitalized with viral bronchiolitis can develop an AKI (frequently mild in degree).• Preterm birth, birth weight <10th percentile, hematocrit levels > 2 standard deviation score, and respiratory syncytial virus infection are associated with AKI development in infants with viral bronchiolitis.
A loss-of-function variant in canine GLRA1 associates with a neurological disorder resembling human hyperekplexia
Authors: Heinonen Tiina , Flegel Thomas , Müller Hanna , Kehl Alexandra , Hundi Sruthi , Matiasek Kaspar , Fischer Andrea , Donner Jonas , Forman Oliver P. , Lohi Hannes , Hytönen Marjo K.
Published: May 2023

Hereditary hyperekplexia is a rare neuronal disorder characterized by an exaggerated startle response to sudden tactile or acoustic stimuli. In this study, we present a Miniature Australian Shepherd family showing clinical signs, which have genetic and phenotypic similarities with human hereditary hyperekplexia: episodes of muscle stiffness that could occasionally be triggered by acoustic stimuli. Whole genome sequence data analysis of two affected dogs revealed a 36-bp deletion spanning the exon–intron boundary in the glycine receptor alpha 1 (GLRA1) gene. Further validation in pedigree samples and an additional cohort of 127 Miniature Australian Shepherds, 45 Miniature American Shepherds and 74 Australian Shepherds demonstrated complete segregation of the variant with the disease, according to an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. The protein encoded by GLRA1 is a subunit of the glycine receptor, which mediates postsynaptic inhibition in the brain stem and spinal cord. The canine GLRA1 deletion is located in the signal peptide and is predicted to cause exon skipping and subsequent premature stop codon resulting in a significant defect in glycine signaling. Variants in GLRA1 are known to cause hereditary hyperekplexia in humans; however, this is the first study to associate a variant in canine GLRA1 with the disorder, establishing a spontaneous large animal disease model for the human condition.
Landslide detection in real-time social media image streams
Authors: Ofli Ferda , Imran Muhammad , Qazi Umair , Roch Julien , Pennington Catherine , Banks Vanessa , Bossu Remy
Published: May 2023

Lack of global data inventories obstructs scientific modeling of and response to landslide hazards which are oftentimes deadly and costly. To remedy this limitation, new approaches suggest solutions based on citizen science that requires active participation. In contrast, as a non-traditional data source, social media has been increasingly used in many disaster response and management studies in recent years. Inspired by this trend, we propose to capitalize on social media data to mine landslide-related information automatically with the help of artificial intelligence techniques. Specifically, we develop a state-of-the-art computer vision model to detect landslides in social media image streams in real-time. To that end, we first create a large landslide image dataset labeled by experts with a data-centric perspective, and then, conduct extensive model training experiments. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model can be deployed in an online fashion to support global landslide susceptibility maps and emergency response.
Faster goal-oriented shortest path search for bulk and incremental detailed routing
Authors: Ahrens Markus , Henke Dorothee , Rabenstein Stefan , Vygen Jens
Published: May 2023

We develop new algorithmic techniques for VLSI detailed routing. First, we improve the goal-oriented version of Dijkstra’s algorithm to find shortest paths in huge incomplete grid graphs with edge costs depending on the direction and the layer, and possibly on rectangular regions. We devise estimates of the distance to the targets that offer better trade-offs between running time and quality than previously known methods, leading to an overall speed-up. Second, we combine the advantages of the two classical detailed routing approaches—global shortest path search and track assignment with local corrections—by treating input wires (such as the output of track assignment) as reservations that can be used at a discount by the respective net. We show how to implement this new approach efficiently.
Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen der Verklappung von Ladungsrückständen fester Massengüter durch Seeschiffe
Authors: Schatz Valentin , Wanner Laura
Published: May 2023

Dieser Beitrag untersucht die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen der Verklappung von Ladungsrückständen fester Massengüter durch Seeschiffe. Er stellt zunächst ausführlich den völkerrechtlichen Rechtsrahmen dar. Im zweiten Schritt geht der Aufsatz auf die Umsetzung der völkerrechtlichen Vorgaben im deutschen Seeschifffahrtsrecht ein.
Partial Oxidation of Bio-methane over Nickel Supported on MgO–ZrO2 Solid Solutions
Authors: Asencios Yvan J. O. , Yigit Nevzat , Wicht Thomas , Stöger-Pollach Michael , Lucrédio Alessandra F. , Marcos Francielle C. F. , Assaf Elisabete M. , Rupprechter Günther
Published: May 2023

Syngas can be produced from biomethane via Partial Oxidation of Methane (POM), being an attractive route since it is ecofriendly and sustainable. In this work, catalysts of Ni supported on MgO–ZrO2 solid solutions, prepared by a one-step polymerization method, were characterized by HRTEM/EDX, XRD, XPS, H2-TPR, and in situ XRD. All catalysts, including Ni/ZrO2 and Ni/MgO as reference, were tested for POM (CH4:O2 molar ratio 2, 750 ºC, 1 atm). NiO/MgO/ZrO2 contained two solid-solutions, MgO–ZrO2 and NiO-MgO, as revealed by XRD and XPS. Ni (30 wt%) supported on MgO–ZrO2 solid solution exhibited high methane conversion and hydrogen selectivity. However, depending on the MgO amount (0, 4, 20, 40, 100 molar percent) major differences in NiO reducibility, growth of Ni0 crystallite size during H2 reduction and POM, and in carbon deposition rates were observed. Interestingly, catalysts with lower MgO content achieved the highest CH4 conversion (~ 95%), high selectivity to H2 (1.7) and CO (0.8), and low carbon deposition rates (0.024 g carbon.gcat−1 h−1) with Ni4MgZr (4 mol% MgO) turning out to be the best catalyst. In situ XRD during POM indicated metallic Ni nanoparticles (average crystallite size of 31 nm), supported by MgO–ZrO2 solid solution, with small amounts of NiO–MgO being present as well. The presence of MgO also influenced the morphology of the carbon deposits, leading to filaments instead of amorphous carbon. A combustion-reforming mechanism is suggested and using a MgO–ZrO2 solid solution support strongly improves catalytic performance, which is attributed to effective O2, CO2 and H2O activation at the Ni/MgO–ZrO2 interface.
A farmer-friendly tool for estimation of weights of pigs kept by smallholder farmers in Uganda
Authors: Marshall Karen , Poole Jane , Oyieng Edwin , Ouma Emily , Kugonza Donald R.
Published: May 2023

Pig keeping is important to the livelihoods of many rural Ugandans. Pigs are typically sold based on live weight or a carcass weight derived from this; however this weight is commonly estimated due to the lack of access to scales. Here, we explore the development of a weigh band for more accurate weight determination and potentially increased farmer bargaining power on sale price. Pig weights and varied body measurements (heart girth, height, and length) were collected on 764 pigs of different ages, sex, and breed types, from 157 smallholder pig keeping households in Central and Western Uganda. Mixed-effects linear regression analyses, with household as a random effect and the varied body measurements as a fixed effect, were performed to determine the best single predictor for cube root of weight (transformation of weight for normality), for 749 pigs ranging between 0 and 125 kg. The most predictive single body measurement was heart girth, where weight in kg = (0.4011 + heart girth in cm × 0.0381)3. This model was found to be most suitable for pigs between 5 and 110 kg, notably more accurate than farmers’ estimates, but still with somewhat broad confidence intervals (for example, ±11.5 kg for pigs with a predicted weight of 51.3 kg). We intend to pilot test a weigh band based on this model before deciding on whether it is suitable for wider scaling.
Artemisia Species and Their Active Constituents for Treating Schistosomiasis
Authors: Taljaard Lorencia , Haynes Richard K. , van der Kooy Frank
Published: May 2023

Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease, affects millions of lives and accounts for thousands of deaths each year. The Schistosoma parasites depend on two hosts during their lifecycle: snails as intermediate hosts and human beings as definitive hosts. Therefore, to control and ultimately eliminate schistosomiasis relies on the reduction of snail populations as well as the prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis infections. Praziquantel is the primary drug for prevention and treatment, and although it is considered safe and efficacious, concerns exist regarding emerging drug resistance due to mass drug administration. For this reason, novel antischistosomal drugs are in need and the genus Artemisia might be a promising source. Notably, Artemisia species not only have been evaluated for their antischistosomal effects against Schistosoma parasites, but also for their molluscicidal effects against the snail vectors. Extracts of Artemisia afra seem to be the most active, with IC50 values comparable with the positive control, praziquantel. The antimalarial drug artemisinin, obtained from A. annua, and its semisynthetic derivatives artemether, artesunate, and artemisone have also been evaluated against both schistosomes and snail vectors. Artemether and artesunate have been found to be notably active against the adult and juvenile stages of schistosomes, whereas artemisone was shown to be effective in treating hosts harboring juvenile schistosomes. Artemisinin on the other hand in combination with praziquantel presents as a good lead combination in curing schistosomiasis.

Graphical Abstract
Grain size distribution of modern beach sediments in Sri Lanka
Authors: Perera U. L. H. P. , Ratnayake Amila Sandaruwan , Weerasingha W. A. D. B. , Subasinghe H. C. S. , Wijewardhana T. D. U.
Published: May 2023

Grain size distributions are widely used to describe sedimentary geochemistry, depositional environment, and sediment transportation. The objective of this study is to analyze grain size distributions of modern sandy beach sediments in Sri Lanka. Sediment samples (n = 90) were collected from beach berm, representing the entire coastline of Sri Lanka. Grain sizes were determined by the dry-sieving method. Statistical parameters such as mean size, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis were calculated using GRADISTATV9.1 software for all the sieved sediment samples. Grain size variations (108.2 – 609.8 µm) show that Sri Lanka mainly consists of medium sand, whereas the northeast part of the country mixes with fine sand due to the influence of Bengal fan sediments. The variations of skewness (-0.229 – 0.446) and sorting (1.305 – 2.436) indicate symmetrical distributed moderately sorted samples. These variations specify a moderate energy depositional environment/wave action around the coastline of Sri Lanka. In addition, grain size analysis confirmed relatively high and low energy deposition environments on the west and east coasts, respectively. Accordingly, the west coast is more vulnerable to coastal erosion compared to the east coast of Sri Lanka. Therefore, this study provides the baseline grain size distribution data that can be used in decision-making for coastal zone management by mitigating beach erosion.
Reconfiguring Thomistic Christology
Authors: Levering Matthew
Published: May 2023

In this book, Matthew Levering unites eschatologically charged biblical Christology with metaphysical and dogmatic Thomistic Christology, by highlighting the typological Christologies shared by Scripture, the Church Fathers, and Aquinas. Like the Church Fathers, Aquinas often reflected upon Jesus in typological terms (especially in his biblical commentaries), just as the New Testament does. Showing the connections between New Testament, Patristic, and Aquinas' own typological portraits of Jesus, Levering reveals how the eschatological Jesus of biblical scholarship can be integrated with Thomistic Christology. His study produces a fully contemporary Thomistic Christology that unites ressourcement and Thomistic modes of theological inquiry, thereby bridging two schools of contemporary theology that too often are imagined as rivals. Levering's book reflects and augments the current resurgence of Thomistic Christology as an ecumenical project of relevance to all Christians.
Democracy of quasi-greedy bases in -Banach spaces with applications to the efficiency of the Thresholding Greedy Algorithm in the Hardy spaces
Authors: Albiac Fernando , Ansorena José L. , Bello Glenier
Published: May 2023

We use new methods, specific for non-locally convex quasi-Banach spaces, to investigate when the quasi-greedy bases of a $p$-Banach space for $0< p<1$ are democratic. The novel techniques we obtain permit to show in particular that all quasi-greedy bases of the Hardy space $H_p({\mathbb {D}})$ for $0< p<1$ are democratic while, in contrast, no quasi-greedy basis of $H_p({\mathbb {D}}^d)$ for $d\ge 2$ is, solving thus a problem that was raised in [7]. Applications of our results to other spaces of interest both in functional analysis and approximation theory are also provided.
Propagation of minima for nonlocal operators
Authors: Birindelli Isabeau , Galise Giulio , Ishii Hitoshi
Published: May 2023

In this paper we state some sharp maximum principle, i.e. we characterize the geometry of the sets of minima for supersolutions of equations involving the $k$-th fractional truncated Laplacian or the $k$-th fractional eigenvalue which are fully nonlinear integral operators whose nonlocality is somehow $k$-dimensional.
On Lebesgue points of entropy solutions to the eikonal equation
Authors: Lamy Xavier , Marconi Elio
Published: May 2023

We consider entropy solutions to the eikonal equation $|\nabla u|=1$ in two-space dimensions. These solutions are motivated by a class of variational problems and fail in general to have bounded variation. Nevertheless, they share several of their fine properties with BV functions: we show in particular that the set of non-Lebesgue points has at least one co-dimension.
Microphysically modified magnetosonic modes in collisionless, high-β plasmas
Authors: Majeski S. , Kunz M.W. , Squire J.
Published: May 2023

With the support of hybrid-kinetic simulations and analytic theory, we describe the nonlinear behaviour of long-wavelength non-propagating (NP) modes and fast magnetosonic waves in high-$\beta$collisionless plasmas, with particular attention to their excitation of and reaction to kinetic micro-instabilities. The perpendicularly pressure balanced polarization of NP modes produces an excess of perpendicular pressure over parallel pressure in regions where the plasma$\beta$is increased. For mode amplitudes$|\delta B/B_0| \gtrsim 0.3$, this excess excites the mirror instability. Particle scattering off these micro-scale mirrors frustrates the nonlinear saturation of transit-time damping, ensuring that large-amplitude NP modes continue their decay to small amplitudes. At asymptotically large wavelengths, we predict that the mirror-induced scattering will be large enough to interrupt transit-time damping entirely, isotropizing the pressure perturbations and morphing the collisionless NP mode into the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) entropy mode. In fast waves, a fluctuating pressure anisotropy drives both mirror and firehose instabilities when the wave amplitude satisfies$|\delta B/B_0| \gtrsim 2\beta ^{-1}$. The induced particle scattering leads to delayed shock formation and MHD-like wave dynamics. Taken alongside prior work on self-interrupting Alfvén waves and self-sustaining ion-acoustic waves, our results establish a foundation for new theories of electromagnetic turbulence in low-collisionality, high-$\beta$plasmas such as the intracluster medium, radiatively inefficient accretion flows and the near-Earth solar wind.
‘Trishul vs Cross’: Hindutva, Church, and the politics of secularism in Christian-majority states of North-east India
Authors: Datta Sunila , Saryal Rajnish , Saryal Sutapa
Published: May 2023

Between 2014 and 2022, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) made a determined bid to establish its electoral and discursive dominance in regions beyond its traditional strongholds in Northern and Western India. In the North-east, in the Christian-majority states of Mizoram, Meghalaya, and Nagaland, it encountered fierce hostility from the Church which exercised a hegemonic control over the religious, social, and political life in these states. This article focuses on the political tussle between the BJP and the Church in this time period and attempts to explore the deeper ideological contestations and competing narratives underlying this struggle and their implications for the Indian political discourse. These include contestations over the very conceptualization of secular democracy in India and the role of religion in it; different understandings of religious conversions and freedom of conscience; and the conflicting agendas around the categories of ‘tribe’, ‘indigenous people’/‘adivasi’, and ‘janjati’/‘vanvasi’.
The causal role of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 on anxiety and depression symptoms and life satisfaction: Mendelian randomisation analyses in the HUNT study
Authors: Bekkevold Ole-Jørgen , Damås Jan Kristian , Brumpton Ben Michael , Åsvold Bjørn Olav
Published: May 2023

Background

Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been associated with anxiety and depression in cross-sectional and Mendelian randomisation studies, but results regarding the effect size and direction have been mixed. A recent Mendelian Randomisation (MR) study suggested that CRP may decrease and IL-6 may increase anxiety and depression symptoms.

Methods

Among 68 769 participants of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), we performed cross-sectional observational and one-sample MR analyses of serum CRP and two-sample MR analysis of serum IL-6. The main outcomes were symptoms of anxiety and depression assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and life satisfaction assessed using a seven-level ordinal questionnaire where higher scores indicate lower life satisfaction.

Results

In cross-sectional observational analyses, a doubling in serum CRP level was associated with 0.27% (95% CI −0.20 to 0.75) difference in HADS depression score (HADS-D), −0.77% (95% CI −1.24 to −0.29) difference in HADS anxiety score (HADS-A) and −0.10% (95% CI −0.41 to 0.21) difference in life satisfaction score. In one-sample MR analyses, a doubling in serum CRP was associated with 2.43% (95% CI −0.11 to 5.03) higher HADS-D, 1.94% (95% CI −0.58 to 4.52) higher HADS-A, and 2.00% (95% CI 0.45 to 3.59) higher life satisfaction score. For IL-6, causal point estimates were in the opposite direction, but imprecise and far from conventional criteria for statistical significance.

Conclusions

Our results do not support a major causal role of serum CRP on anxiety and depression symptoms and life satisfaction, but provides weak evidence that serum CRP may modestly increase anxiety and depression symptoms and reduce life satisfaction. Our findings do not support the recent suggestion that serum CRP may lower anxiety and depression symptoms.
Necessary condition for the L2 boundedness of the Riesz transform on Heisenberg groups
Authors: DĄBROWSKI DAMIAN , VILLA MICHELE
Published: May 2023

Let
$\mu$
be a Radon measure on the nth Heisenberg group
${\mathbb{H}}^n$
. In this note we prove that if the
$(2n+1)$
-dimensional (Heisenberg) Riesz transform on
${\mathbb{H}}^n$
is
$L^2(\mu)$
-bounded, and if
$\mu(F)=0$
for all Borel sets with
${\text{dim}}_H(F)\leq 2$
, then
$\mu$
must have
$(2n+1)$
-polynomial growth. This is the Heisenberg counterpart of a result of Guy David from [Dav91].
Evidence of a Polar Cyclone on Uranus From VLA Observations
Authors: Akins Alex , Hofstadter Mark , Butler Bryan , Friedson A. James , Molter Edward , Parisi Marzia , de Pater Imke
Published: May 2023

We present observations of Uranus in northern spring with the Very Large Array from 0.7 to 5 cm. These observations reveal details in thermal emission from Uranus' north pole at 10s of bars, including a dark collar near 80°N and a bright spot at the polar center. The bright central spot resembles observations of polar emission on Saturn and Neptune at shallower pressures. We constrain the variations in temperature and NH3/H2S abundances which could explain these features. We find that the brightness temperature of the polar spot can be recreated through 5 K temperature gradients and/or 10× depletion of NH3 or H2S vapor between 10 and 20 bars, both consistent with the presence of a cyclonic polar vortex. The contrast of the polar spot may have increased since 2015, which would suggest seasonal evolution of Uranus' polar circulation at depth.
Flexible and frequency reconfigurable CPW-fed monopole antenna with frequency selective surface for IoT applications
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Mohamed Hesham. A. , Abdelghany Mahmoud A. , Tammam Emad
Published: May 2023

This paper proposes a flexible, frequency-reconfigurable monopole antenna design with frequency selective surface (FSS) for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The proposed antenna operates at three of the IoT frequency bands. This antenna is a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole with two balanced arms printed on a thin ROGERS 3003 flexible substrate. The length of the right-hand arm of the antenna is used to achieve frequency reconfiguration by using PIN diodes. Three frequency modes of operation have been obtained; the 2.4 GHz frequency band with the right-hand arm is fully truncated, the 3.5 GHz frequency band with the two arms is completely maintained, and the 4 GHz frequency band with the right-hand arm is partially truncated. To improve the gain of the antenna, a simple FSS surface is designed to be placed under the antenna at a distance of 15 mm. The FSS operates efficiently from 2 to 4.5 GHz and has improved the gain of the antenna. A maximum gain of 6.5 dBi, 7.52 dBi, and 7.91 dBi has been achieved at the three frequency bands respectively. The behavior of the flexible antenna has been evaluated in both the flat and bent states, and stable performance has been observed in both cases.
Phase II trial of delta-tocotrienol in neoadjuvant breast cancer with evaluation of treatment response using ctDNA
Authors: Kjær Ina Mathilde , Kahns Søren , Timm Signe , Andersen Rikke Fredslund , Madsen Jonna Skov , Jakobsen Erik Hugger , Tabor Tomasz Piotr , Jakobsen Anders , Bechmann Troels
Published: May 2023

Neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer is applied to an increasing extent, but treatment response varies and side effects pose a challenge. The vitamin E isoform delta-tocotrienol might enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and reduce the risk of side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of delta-tocotrienol combined with standard neoadjuvant treatment and the possible association between detectable circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) during and after neoadjuvant treatment with pathological treatment response. This open-label, randomized phase II trial included 80 women with newly diagnosed, histologically verified breast cancer randomized to standard neoadjuvant treatment alone or in combination with delta-tocotrienol. There was no difference in the response rate or frequency of serious adverse events between the two arms. We developed a multiplex digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay for the detection of ctDNA in breast cancer patients that targets a combination of two methylations specific for breast tissue (LMX1B and ZNF296) and one cancer specific methylation (HOXA9). The sensitivity of the assay increased when the cancer specific marker was combined with the ones specific to breast tissue (p < 0.001). The results did not show any association between ctDNA status and pathological treatment response, neither at midterm nor before surgery.
Using machine learning methods to predict electric vehicles penetration in the automotive market
Authors: Afandizadeh Shahriar , Sharifi Diyako , Kalantari Navid , Mirzahossein Hamid
Published: May 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been introduced as an alternative to gasoline and diesel cars to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, optimize fossil fuel use, and protect the environment. Predicting EV sales is momentous for stakeholders, including car manufacturers, policymakers, and fuel suppliers. The data used in the modeling process significantly affects the prediction model’s quality. This research’s primary dataset contains monthly sales and registrations of 357 new vehicles in the United States of America from 2014 to 2020. In addition to this data, several web crawlers were used to gather the required information. Vehicles sale were predicted using long short-term memory (LSTM) and Convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) models. To enhance LSTM performance, the hybrid model with a new structure called “Hybrid LSTM with two-dimensional Attention and Residual network” has been proposed. Also, all three models are built as Automated Machine Learning models to improve the modeling process. The proposed hybrid model performs better than the other models based on the same evaluation units, including Mean Absolute Percentage Error, Normalized Root Mean Square Error, R-square, slope, and intercept of fitted linear regressions. The proposed hybrid model has been able to predict the share of EVs with an acceptable Mean Absolute Error of 3.5%.
Novel in vivo endometriotic models associated eutopic endometrium by implanting menstrual blood-derived stromal cells from patients with endometriosis
Authors: Zhang Yuejian , He Tiantian , Lin Taoxiu , Guo Qi , Huo Chaoyue , Roberts Song Ze , Yang Mengping , Yang Sichen , Gao Luyi , Zhang Wenjuan , Li Changxiang , Ma Xiaona
Published: May 2023

The eutopic endometrium provides novel insights into endometriotic pathophysiology and treatment. However, no in vivo models currently available are suitable for eutopic endometrium in endometriosis. In this study, we present new endometriotic in vivo models associated with eutopic endometrium using menstrual blood-derived stromal cells (MenSCs). First, we isolated endometriotic MenSCs (E-MenSCs) and healthy MenSCs (H-MenSCs) from the menstrual blood of patients with endometriosis (n = 6) and healthy volunteers (n = 6). Then, we identified MenSCs’ endometrial stromal cell properties using adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. A cell counting kit-8 and wound healing assay were used to compare the proliferation and migration capability between E-MenSCs and H-MenSCs. Seventy female nude mice were used to prepare endometriotic models related to eutopic endometrium by implanting E-MenSCs relying on three approaches, including surgical implantation using scaffolds seeded with MenSCs, and subcutaneous injection of MenSCs in the abdomen and the back (n = 10). H-MenSCs or scaffolds only were implanted in control groups (n = 10). One month after the surgical implantation and 1 week after the subcutaneous injection, we evaluated modeling by hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) and immunofluorescent staining of human leukocyte antigen α (HLAA). Fibroblast morphology, lipid droplets, and calcium nodules in E-MenSCs and H-MenSCs identified their endometrial stromal cell properties. We noticed that the proliferation and migration of E-MenSCs were considerably enhanced compared to H-MenSCs (P < 0.05). E-MenSCs implanted in nude mice formed ectopic lesions using three approaches (n = 10; lesions formation rate: 90%, 115%, and 80%; average volumes: 123.60, 27.37, and 29.56 mm3), while H-MenSCs in the nude mice shaped nothing at the implantation sites. Endometrial glands, stroma, and HLAA expression in these lesions further verified the success and applicability of the proposed endometriotic modeling. Findings provide in vitro and in vivo models and paired controls associated with eutopic endometrium in women with endometriosis using E-MenSCs and H-MenSCs. The approach of subcutaneous injection of MenSCs in the abdomen is highlighted due to non-invasive, simple, and safe steps, a short modeling period (1 week), and an excellent modeling success rate (115%), which could improve the repeats and success of endometriotic nude mice model and shorten the modeling period. These novel models could nearly intimate human eutopic endometrial mesenchymal stromal cells in the progress of endometriosis, opening a new path for disease pathology and treatment.
Effects of 5G-modulated 3.5 GHz radiofrequency field exposures on HSF1, RAS, ERK, and PML activation in live fibroblasts and keratinocytes cells
Authors: Joushomme Alexandre , Orlacchio Rosa , Patrignoni Lorenza , Canovi Anne , Chappe Yann Loïck , Poulletier De Gannes Florence , Hurtier Annabelle , Garenne André , Lagroye Isabelle , Moisan François , Cario Muriel , Lévêque Philippe , Arnaud-Cormos Delia , Percherancier Yann
Published: May 2023

The potential health risks of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile communications technologies have raised societal concerns. Guidelines have been set to protect the population (e.g. non-specific heating above 1 °C under exposure to radiofrequency fields), but questions remain regarding the potential biological effects of non-thermal exposures. With the advent of the fifth generation (5G) of mobile communication, assessing whether exposure to this new signal induces a cellular stress response is one of the mandatory steps on the roadmap for a safe deployment and health risk evaluation. Using the BRET (Bioluminescence Resonance Energy-Transfer) technique, we assessed whether continuous or intermittent (5 min ON/ 10 min OFF) exposure of live human keratinocytes and fibroblasts cells to 5G 3.5 GHz signals at specific absorption rate (SAR) up to 4 W/kg for 24 h impact basal or chemically-induced activity of Heat Shock Factor (HSF), RAt Sarcoma virus (RAS) and Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinases (ERK) kinases, and Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein (PML), that are all molecular pathways involved in environmental cell-stress responses. The main results are (i), a decrease of the HSF1 basal BRET signal when fibroblasts cells were exposed at the lower SARs tested (0.25 and 1 W/kg), but not at the highest one (4 W/kg), and (ii) a slight decrease of As2O3 maximal efficacy to trigger PML SUMOylation when fibroblasts cells, but not keratinocytes, were continuously exposed to the 5G RF-EMF signal. Nevertheless, given the inconsistency of these effects in terms of impacted cell type, effective SAR, exposure mode, and molecular cell stress response, we concluded that our study show no conclusive evidence that molecular effects can arise when skin cells are exposed to the 5G RF-EMF alone or with a chemical stressor.
Reversible metal-insulator transition in SrIrO3 ultrathin layers by field effect control of inversion symmetry breaking
Authors: Gallego Fernando , Tornos Javier , Beltran Juan Ignacio , Peralta Andrea , Garcia-Barriocanal Javier , Yu Guichuan , Rojas Geoffrey , Munuera Carmen , Cabero Mariona , Sanchez-Manzano David , Cuellar Fabian , Sanchez-Santolino Gabriel , Sefrioui Zouhair , Rivera-Calzada Alberto , Mompean Federico Jose , Garcia-Hernandez Mar , Leon Carlos , del Carmen Muñoz Maria , Santamaria Jacobo
Published: May 2023

SrIrO3 is a correlated semimetal with narrow t2g d-bands of strong mixed orbital character resulting from the interplay of the spin-orbit interaction due to heavy iridium atoms and the band folding induced by the lattice structure. In ultrathin layers, inversion symmetry breaking, occurring naturally due to the presence of the substrate, opens new orbital hopping channels, which in presence of spin-orbit interaction causes deep modifications in the electronic structure. Here, we show that in SrIrO3 ultrathin films the effect of inversion symmetry breaking on the band structure can be externally manipulated in a field effect experiment. We further prove that the electric field toggles the system reversibly between a metallic and an insulating state with canted antiferromagnetism and an emergent anomalous Hall effect. This is achieved through the spin-orbit driven coupling of the electric field generated in an ionic liquid gate to the electronic structure, where the electric field controls the band structure rather than the usual band filling, thereby enabling electrical control of the effective role of electron correlations. The externally tunable antiferromagnetic insulator, rooted in the strong spin-orbit interaction of iridium, may inspire interesting applications in spintronics.
Synthesis of highly-uniform titania overcoats on a mesoporous alumina catalyst support by atomic layer deposition and their application in hydroprocessing
Authors: Moulijn Jacob A. , van Ommen J. Ruud , Goulas Aristeidis , Valdesueiro David , Juan-Alcañiz Jana , Au-Yeung Kar-Ming , Woning Leo , Bergwerff Jaap A.
Published: May 2023

The feasibility of gas phase deposition using a Ti alkoxide precursor for precise surface modification of catalysts was demonstrated by modifying a mesoporous alumina support with a Ti oxide overcoat.
In situ investigation of detoxification and metabolic effects of polyfluoroalkyl substances on metal–organic frameworks combined with cell-cultured microfluidics
Authors: Xu Ning , Lin Haifeng , Du Qiuling , Dong Shujun , Cheng Jie , Wang Peilong , Lin Jin-Ming
Published: May 2023

An in situ platform was developed for high-throughput PFAS identification by efficient MOF sorbents and investigation of their metabolism effects via a filter-Chip-SPE-MS system.
Correction: Analysis of N-glycosylation protein of Kashin–Beck disease chondrocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells based on label-free strategies with LC-MS/MS
Authors: Wang Sen , Meng Peilin , Yuan Linlin , Guo Xiong
Published: May 2023

Correction for ‘Analysis of N-glycosylation protein of Kashin–Beck disease chondrocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells based on label-free strategies with LC-MS/MS’ by Sen Wang et al., Mol. Omics, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3mo00018d.
A new Schiff base-fabricated pencil lead electrode for the efficient detection of copper, lead, and cadmium ions in aqueous media
Authors: Ahmed Abdelrahman S. , Mohamed Mahmoud Basseem I. , Bedair Mahmoud A. , El-Zomrawy Adham A. , Bakr Moustafa F.
Published: May 2023

Cu2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ were individually and simultaneously determined using a novel and effective electroanalytical approach that has been devised and improved.
Self-assembled aggregates based on cationic amphiphilic peptides: structural insight
Authors: Rosa Elisabetta , Diaferia Carlo , De Mello Lucas , Seitsonen Jani , Hamley Ian W. , Accardo Antonella
Published: May 2023

Derivatization with alkyl chain of cationic peptides previously studied as hydrogelators demonstrated the capability to self-assemble into innovative materials.
Self-assembly to synchrony of active gels
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Horváth Dezső , Tóth Ágota
Published: May 2023

Method based on capillary attraction and Marangoni repulsion is developed to generate a self-assembly of hydrogel beads exhibiting collective oscillations.
Use of voltage for recomposing degraded redox active molecules for flow battery applications
Authors: Sahoo Abhilipsa , Ramanujam Kothandaraman
Published: May 2023

The proposed system can deliver a volumetric capacity of 19 A h L−1. This study conveys the electrochemical–chemical–electrochemical (ECE) pathway used to mitigate capacity loss due to peroxo dimer formation.
Core–shell 2D nanoarchitectures: engineering N, P-doped graphitic carbon/MXene heterostructures for superior capacitive deionization
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Haolin , Yang Qian , Zhang Shuaihua , Zhao Bin , Wu Jingyu , Shang Ningzhao , Zhao Xiaoxian , Xiao Zhichang , Zang Xiaohuan , Kim Jeonghun , Xu Xingtao , Yamauchi Yusuke
Published: May 2023

N, P-doped graphitic carbon/MXene heterostructures were constructed for advanced capacitive deionization electrodes, yielding superior salt adsorption capacity, rapid removal rate, and excellent cycling stability.
Synergistic binding between an engineered interface and functionalized ferrocene offers remarkable charge extraction efficiency in lead halide perovskites
Authors: Ahlawat Monika , Kumari Santosh , Govind Rao Vishal
Published: May 2023

Ferrocene derivatives have been recognized as a new hole-transporting layer (HTL), imparting stability, enhanced charge separation, and transport properties at the perovskite/HTL interface.
Residual vulnerabilities to power side channel attacks of lightweight ciphers cryptography competition finalists
Authors: Mozipo Aurelien T. , Acken John M.
Published: May 2023

The protection of communications between Internet of Things (IoT) devices is of great concern because the information exchanged contains vital sensitive data. Malicious agents seek to exploit those data to extract secret information about the owners or the system. Power side channel attacks are of great concern on these devices because their power consumption unintentionally leaks information correlatable to the device's secret data. Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of authenticated encryption with advanced data, in protecting communications with these devices. A comprehensive evaluation of the seven (out of 10) algorithm finalists of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) IoT lightweight cipher competition that do not integrate built‐in countermeasures is proposed. The study shows that, nonetheless, they still present some residual vulnerabilities to power side channel attacks (SCA). For five ciphers, an attack methodology as well as the leakage function needed to perform correlation power analysis (CPA) is proposed. The authors assert that Ascon, Sparkle, and PHOTON‐Beetle security vulnerability can generally be assessed with the security assumptions “Chosen ciphertext attack and leakage in encryption only, with nonce‐misuse resilience adversary (CCAmL1)” and “Chosen ciphertext attack and leakage in encryption only with nonce‐respecting adversary (CCAL1)”, respectively. However, the security vulnerability of GIFT‐COFB, Grain, Romulus, and TinyJambu can be evaluated more straightforwardly with publicly available leakage models and solvers. They can also be assessed simply by increasing the number of traces collected to launch the attack.