bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of biomechanical variables between the stages of performing the skills (Blanik) and (Lu Yu Fu)On the jumping platform for the player qualifying for the final of the World Cup series in Qatar
Authors: Amin Mumtaz , Alalawi Ismaeel , Hussein Yasir
Published: September 2024

The idea of ​​the research came from the performance of one of the players who qualified for the final of the World Cup series in gymnastics held in Doha, the capital of Qatar, for the year 2023-2024 on the vaulting platform. In the individual final of the apparatus, this player performed two skills, the first was the “Blank” skill and the second was the “LuYuFu” skill. The two skills are different only in terms of direction. The first skill is performed while facing the device, that is, in the front direction, while the second skill is performed by the player from the back direction. Here, the research was done to find out what differences will appear in the biomechanical variables between both skills, and on the basis of dividing the movement stages, which is the vault table strike, then the first flight, then the push on the platform, then the second flight, and finally the landing.
The performance of the player was photographed from the side with a camera with a speed of 240 images/second, perpendicular to the path line of the motor performance of both skills. And during his role, as being in the fifth place in the championship of the individual apparatus, after which motor analysis procedures were carried out using the MaxTRAQ program and the biomechanical variables common to the two skills were adopted according to the technical division for the performance stages on vault table.
A comparison was made between the values ​​of the variables according to each stage between the two skills, through which we noticed a difference in the body position at the vault strike through the distance and speed of landing on the vault table, which was reflected in the force of the strike. The results were in favor of the first skill, as is the case with the first flight, and the reason for this is due to the fact that The player will resort to change his direction in the second skill in order to do the Arabian jumb, i.e. half turn, to land on the platform to prepare for the second push and flight.
As for the second stage of flight and landing, it was in favor of the second skill because when landing, the body is facing the horse, while in the first skill, the player’s back is facing the horse. The process of adjusting the back landing is better than adjusting the front landing, with the exception of the deviation that occurred at the end of the skill due to the body twist over the vault table.
Keywords: biomechanical variables, performance stages, (Lu Yu Fu), (Blank), vault table, qualified player for the final, World Cup series in Qatar.
Designing and codifying a test to measure the speed and ability to pass and receive the ball in a collective fast attack for Iraqi handball club players
Authors: Fathi Moushriq , Hadi Zahraa , Abd Alhussein Huda , Hussein Yasir
Published: September 2024

The recent amendments to the rules of the law of the game have contributed effectively to raise  the pace of competition by increasing the speed of the game’s rhythm to revolutionize this field. Therefore, most international and local teams have begun to change training methods to reflect this on the style of playing and the concentration of those teams has shifted to the fast attack that is characterized by ease and scoring goals quickly to achieve victory so that the dominant character of the game becomes fast rhythm playing. All handball players should have the capabilities that qualify them to meet the requirements of the game which helps to determine the level of ball passing skills among handball players in a collective fast attack to perform shots on goal skillfully with high accuracy. Hence, it requires the availability of means or tests to measure the capabilities of the players, and here lies the importance of this study, but if these tests are found, they are rare or not sufficient for the purpose, and here lies the problem of the study. Therefore, the researchers agree to delve into this matter to develop appropriate solutions by designing a modern measurement method or a special test so that researchers, coaches and handball players alike can benefit from the test as a humble service from the researchers of this paper towards the game. The study is conducted on some club players participating in the Iraqi Handball League. The main goal of this study is to design and codify a special test to measure the ability of the players to perform a fast collective attack. Additionally, as for the areas of study, the researchers rely on some club players participating in the Iraqi Handball League. The study is performed on 10th Mar, 2021 until 20th Jul, 2022. The procedures of the test are conducted in the stadiums of the clubs participating in the Iraqi Handball League. The study employs a general qualitative approach. The researchers also employ quantitative methods to highlight the percentages, the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the simple correlation coefficient, the T test, the standard score, and the modified standard score. The researchers conclude from the results they achieved that this test, which is designed and codified, is characterized by high accuracy and adequacy, and can be used to measure the speed and ability to pass and receive the ball in the collective fast attack of handball players which is the reason for designing such test. The researchers support employing such tests to measure the speed and effectiveness of handball players’ performance of the fast attack process in order to properly evaluate their performance before and during the championships. The researchers also urge to devise other tests on different samples.
imitations on the ethno-directed approach as a tool for the selection of medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Correa Allan J C , Andrade Bruno de A ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Neri Patricia M da S ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Castro Valerium T N de A e ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Araujo Rosilma O ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, de Sena Kesia X da F R ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Machado Kivia dos S ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Araujo Thiago A de S ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Sobrinho Tadeu J da S P ,   Centro Universitario Vale do Ipojuca, de Amorim Elba L C ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
Published: September 2024

In this work, we evaluate the antimicrobial properties of three groups of plants selected by the ethnopharmacological method, reported ashaving antimicrobial and/or anti-inflammatory properties by a rural community in the Brazilian State of Pernambuco. The samples were divided into groups of seven plants reported as having antimicrobial properties (GI), another seven as having anti-inflammatory properties (GII) and eight plants reported to have both (GIII). The antimicrobial properties of these groups were compared using the disc-diffusion method for nine microorganisms: Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, acid-alcohol resistant bacillus (BAAR) and yeast. Among the samples of GI, 28.6% demonstrated activity against the micro-organisms tested, compared with 57.1% for the GII plants and 100% of GIII. This study shows, then, that the selected species should be looked more carefully that greater care should be taken in selecting species recommended by ethnopharmacological reports for studies of antimicrobial properties, since plants reported to have anti-inflammatory properties may be more active than those reported as being antimicrobial.
Whole-volume histogram analysis of spectral-computed tomography iodine maps characterizes HER2 expression in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Wei-Ling , Sun Jing , Huang Rong-Fang , Zeng Yi , Chen Shu , Wang Xiao-Peng , Chen Jin-Hu , Chen Yun-Bin , Zhu Chun-Su , Ye Zai-Sheng , Xiao You-Ping
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Although surgery remains the primary treatment for gastric cancer (GC), the identification of effective alternative treatments for individuals for whom surgery is unsuitable holds significance. HER2 overexpression occurs in approximately 15%-20% of advanced GC cases, directly affecting treatment-related decisions. Spectral-computed tomography (sCT) enables the quantification of material compositions, and sCT iodine concentration parameters have been demonstrated to be useful for the diagnosis of GC and prediction of its invasion depth, angiogenesis, and response to systemic chemotherapy. No existing report describes the prediction of GC HER2 status through histogram analysis based on sCT iodine maps (IMs).

AIM

To investigate whether whole-volume histogram analysis of sCT IMs enables the prediction of the GC HER2 status.

METHODS

This study was performed with data from 101 patients with pathologically confirmed GC who underwent preoperative sCT examinations. Nineteen parameters were extracted via sCT IM histogram analysis: The minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation, skewness, kurtosis, entropy, percentiles (1st, 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, 95th, and 99th), and lesion volume. Spearman correlations of the parameters with the HER2 status and clinicopathological parameters were assessed. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the parameters’ diagnostic performance.

RESULTS

Values for the histogram parameters of the maximum, mean, standard deviation, variance, entropy, and percentiles were significantly lower in the HER2+ group than in the HER2– group (all P < 0.05). The GC differentiation and Lauren classification correlated significantly with the HER2 status of tumor tissue (P = 0.001 and 0.023, respectively). The 99th percentile had the largest area under the curve for GC HER2 status identification (0.740), with 76.2%, sensitivity, 65.0% specificity, and 67.3% accuracy. All sCT IM histogram parameters correlated positively with the GC HER2 status (r = 0.237-0.337, P = 0.001-0.017).

CONCLUSION

Whole-lesion histogram parameters derived from sCT IM analysis, and especially the 99th percentile, can serve as imaging biomarkers of HER2 overexpression in GC.
Early gastric composite tumor comprising signet-ring cell carcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A case report
Authors: Jia Yi-Fan , Chen Fei-Fan , Yang Li , Ye Yun-Xia , Gao Yi-Zhu , Zhang Wen-Yan , Yang Jin-Lin
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Composite tumors are neoplasms comprising two distinct, yet intermingling, cell populations. This paper reports a rare phenomenon where early gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma coexist within the same lesion.

CASE SUMMARY

A 40-year-old woman presented to the West China Hospital for examination, which revealed a whitish, shallow, and uneven mucosal lesion in the stomach. The lesion was diagnosed as a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, including SRCC with atypical lymphoid hyperplasia associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, based on histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen. The lesion was excised using segmental gastrectomy. However, histological examination of the surgical specimen confirmed that it was a poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma with features of SRCC and MALT lymphoma. These two entities were stage I and coexisted in the same lesion.

CONCLUSION

It is uncommon for gastric SRCC and MALT lymphoma to coexist without distinct borders. Surgical resection is effective for these lesions.
Review on article of preoperative prediction in chronic hepatitis B virus patients using spectral computed tomography and machine learning
Authors: Yuan Yao-Qian , Chen Qian-Qian
Published: September 2024

This letter comments on the article that developed and tested a machine learning model that predicts lymphovascular invasion/perineural invasion status by combining clinical indications and spectral computed tomography characteristics accurately. We review the research content, methodology, conclusions, strengths and weaknesses of the study, and introduce follow-up research to this work.
Physician-dependent diagnosis delay in Crohn's disease: A pseudo-proposition or not?
Authors: Zeng Yan , Zhang Jun-Wen , Yang Jian
Published: September 2024

The challenge of diagnosis delay in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has emerged as a significant concern for both patients and healthcare professionals. The widely accepted notion that there is an extended time frame from the onset of symptoms to the definitive diagnosis is often attributed to the heterogeneity of IBD and the non-specificity of clinical manifestations. Specific to patients with Crohn’s disease, the issue of delayed diagnosis appears to be more pronounced across different regions globally. The intricate interplay of real-world factors has led to debates regarding the primary contributors to these diagnostic delays. Drawing a comparison solely between patients and physicians and implicating the latter as the predominant influence factor may fall into a simplistic either-or logical trap that may obscure the truth. This letter, grounded in published evidence, explores areas for improvement in a forthcoming paper within the field, hoping to pinpoint the culprit behind the diagnosis delay issue for IBD patients rather than simply attributing it to so-called “physician-dependent factors”. Our objective is to motivate healthcare providers and policymakers in relevant fields to reflect on strategies for addressing this problem to reduce diagnostic delays and enhance patient outcomes.
Anti-tumor efficacy of Calculus bovis: Suppressing liver cancer by targeting tumor-associated macrophages
Authors: Kathuria Ishita , Singla Bhupesh
Published: September 2024

Despite significant advances in our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of liver cancer and the availability of novel pharmacotherapies, liver cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Tumor relapse, resistance to current anti-cancer drugs, metastasis, and organ toxicity are the major challenges that prevent considerable improvements in patient survival and quality of life. Calculus bovis (CB), an ancient Chinese medicinal drug, has been used to treat various pathologies, including stroke, convulsion, epilepsy, pain, and cancer. In this editorial, we discuss the research findings recently published by Huang et al on the therapeutic effects of CB in inhibiting the development of liver cancer. Utilizing the comprehensive transcriptomic analyses, in vitro experiments, and in vivo studies, the authors demonstrated that CB treatment inhibits the tumor-promoting M2 phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages via downregulating Wnt pathway. While multiple studies have been performed to explore the molecular mechanisms regulated by CB, this study uniquely shows its role in modulating the M2 phenotype of macrophages present within the tumor microenvironment. This study opens new avenues of future investigations aimed at investigating this drug’s efficacy in various mouse models including the effects of combination therapy, and against drug-resistant tumors.
UNMASKING AI: HOW MEDIA SHAPES STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Department of Computer and Robotics Education, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Ododo Emmanuel Philip , Effiong Offiong, Asuquo ,   Department of Psychological Foundation of Education, Faculty of Education, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Ofonime Odiong, Uduakobong ,   Educational Technology Department, Faculty of Education, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State. Nigeria, Etim Edet, Eno ,   Department of Psychological foundations of Education, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Published: September 2024

This study, titled Unmasking AI: How Media Shapes Students' Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Technology, explores how media representations influence undergraduate students' understanding and attitudes toward artificial intelligence (AI) in public universities in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. A sample of 391 students was selected using Taro Yamane’s formula, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire. The study addressed three key research questions and tested three null hypotheses, examining students' perceptions of AI, their awareness of AI technologies, and the influence of media portrayals on their attitudes. The cross-sectional survey design enabled the collection of data at a specific point in time, capturing contemporary views on AI and media influence. The analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics to summarize central tendencies and trends in the data, while t-tests were applied to compare the mean responses of male and female students. Results showed that a significant number of students associate AI with robots and expressed concerns about AI technologies replacing human jobs. The study also found no significant difference between male and female students' perceptions of AI or the media’s influence on their attitudes. The findings highlight the powerful role of media in shaping AI narratives and suggest the need for AI education to promote a more balanced and informed understanding. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and AI developers to address misconceptions and prepare students for the evolving technological landscape.
IMPACT OF LINKEDIN MARKETING ON RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESSES IN THE IT INDUSTRY
Authors:   Department of Computer and Robotics Education, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, ODODO Emmanuel Philip , INYANG Dr Anietie Bello ,   Department of Business Education, College of Education, Afaha Nsit, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Billy Daniel ,   Department of Computer and Robotics Education, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Published: September 2024

The paper titled "Impact of LinkedIn Marketing on Recruitment and Selection Processes in the IT Industry" explores how LinkedIn's marketing tools, including profile optimization, targeted advertising, and content marketing, influence recruitment outcomes. The research addresses a critical gap by investigating how these strategies impact the quality of hires, time to hire, and the volume of qualified applicants. Using a correlational research design, data were gathered from 150 HR professionals and recruiters in the IT sector via structured questionnaires. The findings reveal that LinkedIn profile optimization significantly enhances the quality of hires, while targeted advertising reduces time to hire. Additionally, content marketing strategies on LinkedIn correlate positively with the volume of qualified applicants. The study highlights the importance of leveraging LinkedIn's unique professional platform to meet specific recruitment needs in a competitive market. The results provide actionable insights for HR professionals and recruitment specialists, suggesting that a strategic focus on LinkedIn marketing tools can improve recruitment efficiency and effectiveness. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on digital recruitment strategies, offering empirical evidence for optimizing LinkedIn use in the IT industry.
ASSESSING SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHERS' PREPAREDNESS TO INTEGRATE AI AND E-LEARNING PLATFORMS FOR ENHANCED TEACHING AND LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Authors:   University of Uyo, Nigeria, Ododo Emmanuel Philip , Ime Anwan, Andikan ,   Department of Social studies and citizenship Education University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria, Emmanuel Clement, Idongesit ,   Department of Sociological Foundations of Education, University of Uyo, Nigeria, Eleng Epoke, Eti ,   Department of Educational Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, Constant Mfon ,   Department of Computer and Robotics Education, University of Uyo, Nigeria
Published: September 2024

This research explored the preparedness of Social Studies teachers in Akwa Ibom State to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) and E-Learning platforms into their instructional practices. The study focused on evaluating key objectives, formulating research questions, and testing hypotheses related to the teachers’ ability to integrate modern digital tools into classroom instruction. A descriptive survey research approach was utilized, with a focus on Social Studies teachers in public secondary schools. Using a stratified random sampling technique, 210 teachers were selected to participate in the study. Data was gathered through a custom-designed questionnaire, which was validated by three professionals—two experts in Social Studies education and one specialist in educational assessment. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed with Cronbach's Alpha, showing a reliability coefficient of 0.86. Statistical analysis of the research questions involved calculating the mean and standard deviation, while the hypotheses were examined using one-way ANOVA at a 0.05 significance level. Results indicated that Social Studies teachers demonstrated a high degree of preparedness to implement AI and e-learning platforms in enhancing both instructional delivery and student engagement. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education prioritize integrating AI and e-learning platforms into the Social Studies curriculum, ensuring teachers receive adequate training and support. Additionally, teachers were encouraged to use these technologies to facilitate better management of course content, improve assessment strategies, and foster dynamic interaction with students to boost learning outcomes.
EMBRACING AI IN EDUCATION: INDONESIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' PERSPECTIVES ON OPPORTUNITIES AND CONCERNS
Authors:   Binus University, Indonesia, Dwii Buana , John Bassey, Pius ,   University of Uyo, Nigeria
Published: September 2024

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has created new opportunities for transforming educational delivery and learning experiences. Understanding students' perspectives on AI's integration in education is essential to navigating its potential benefits and challenges. This study investigates the perceptions of university students in Indonesia regarding the use of AI in educational settings. A quantitative descriptive survey was conducted with 200 students from the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Bengkulu University, utilizing a perception scale adapted from Buabbas et al. (2023). Data analysis included descriptive statistics and the Chi-Square test. The results revealed that the majority of students hold positive views on AI’s role in education, recognizing its potential to enhance learning experiences and broaden access to educational resources. However, several concerns were raised, particularly regarding the potential replacement of teachers by AI, the diminished human interaction in learning processes, and issues surrounding data privacy and security. These findings highlight the dual nature of students' perceptions: while they appreciate AI's ability to augment education, there is a prevailing concern over the loss of essential human elements in teaching and the implications for personal privacy. The study concludes that, while AI offers significant promise in reshaping education, its implementation must be approached with caution. A human-centered strategy that emphasizes the complementary role of teachers, along with stringent protections for student data privacy, is necessary. Further research is recommended to deepen understanding of AI’s long-term impacts on the educational experience.
REVOLUTIONIZING EDUCATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA: THE ROLE OF AI IN PROMOTING INCLUSIVITY, EQUALITY, AND ETHICAL INNOVATION
Authors:   Institute of Business Management, Korangi Creek, Pakistan, Muhammad Fatima , Matilda Orji, Chinatu ,   University of Uyo, Nigeria
Published: September 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly reshaping the educational landscape in the digital age, offering new avenues for inclusivity, equity, and innovation. This research investigates AI's transformative potential in education, employing a qualitative and multilateral methodology that integrates theoretical analysis with empirical evidence. The study highlights AI's ability to personalize learning by adapting content to individual needs, thereby enhancing student engagement and academic success. Moreover, AI technologies provide flexible learning modalities that improve accessibility for diverse learners, including those with disabilities and from underserved communities. In addition to benefiting students, AI empowers educators by delivering data-driven insights that inform teaching practices, enabling more effective and personalized instruction. However, the integration of AI into education raises critical ethical concerns, particularly regarding data privacy, algorithmic bias, and the potential for reinforcing existing inequalities. The research underscores the importance of a balanced approach to AI implementation, emphasizing the need for robust ethical safeguards. The study concludes by calling for further research and interdisciplinary collaboration among educators, technologists, and policymakers to ensure the responsible integration of AI in education. By doing so, AI can contribute to a more equitable, inclusive, and innovative educational system in the digital era.
An Introduction To Machine Learning Technologies And How E-Learning Uses Them
Authors: Akkina Likhita
Published: September 2024

We generate a staggering amount of data because of modern technologies, the internet, and connected objects. It is crucial to arrange and contextualize this data so that they can be seen, comprehended, and reflected. Humans have traditionally analyzed data. But as data volumes rise, people are turning more and more to automated systems that can mimic them. Machine learning refers to those systems that can learn from data as well as changes in data to solve problems. Technology Enhanced Learning Environments can be improved by implementing machine learning-based techniques, and artificial intelligence has a significant influence on e-learning research. An overview of current discoveries in this field of study is presented in this paper. Firstly, we outline the main ideas behind machine learning. Next, we showcase a few new projects that use machine learning in an online learning environment.
Understanding the Necessity Requirement in International Investment Arbitration: Balancing Interim Measures and Harm Standards
Authors: Zimei Lin
Published: September 2024

This paper examines the necessity requirement for interim measures in international investment arbitration, a critical yet contentious aspect of arbitration proceedings. The lack of uniformity in determining necessity, as illustrated by varying standards of irreparable harm and significant harm across different cases, complicates the issue of interim measures. Through a detailed analysis of key arbitration cases, this paper highlights the inconsistencies and challenges faced by tribunals in applying these standards. The study explores how the irreparable harm standard aligns with the exceptional nature of interim measures, while also critiquing its excessive stringency and potential for abuse. By contrasting this with the more flexible substantial harm standard, which enhances fairness but risks increasing the frequency of interim measure applications, the paper underscores the need for a balanced approach. It suggests that recognizing the limitations of monetary compensation and ensuring proportionality in interim measures can address the dilemma of necessity conditions, thereby improving the efficacy and fairness of international investment arbitration.
The Concept of Environmental Justice in the Nigeria Legal System
Authors: Onyia Anna , P.I Gasiokwu
Published: September 2024

Environmental justice is a progressively advancing subject, social movement and practice, which requires fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all humans, regardless of sex, age, class, income, race, colour or nationality. Environmental Justice is geared towards the development, management, implementation and enforcement of plans, policies, laws and regulatory practices, towards the protection and management of the environment in the course of socio-economic development programmes, including projects. It also requires equitable distribution of benefits and thus indiscriminate exposure of all to environmental good and harm. It is an advancing social movement that advocates a healthy and eco-balanced environment, towards human’s wellbeing, sustainable communities and all-embracing sustainable development in the overall interest of society within the Planet (Mother Earth). The aim of the study is to examine the effectiveness of environmental Justice in Nigeria, with the view to ascertain if justice is actually done to victims of environmental degradation in Nigeria. The study found that there is need for courts to give wider interpretation to existing relevant fundamental rights to secure a healthy environment. Flowing from the above finding, the study recommends that Section 20 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria should be amended to recognize the environment as legal personality with the citizens as its trustees. The study has shown that there should be an interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers, policymakers, activist and civil society organization, who will work on environmental justice issues in Nigeria in fostering dialogue, sharing best practices and mobilizing collective actions, thereby enabling victims of environmental hazards get justice they deserve.
Realization of the Rights of the Girl Child in Nigeria: Child Marriage in View
Authors: Obagboye Tomi Grace , James Sharon Tolulope
Published: September 2024

Child marriage is a human rights violation that prevents girls from obtaining an education, enjoying optimal haealth, maturing, and ultimately choosing their own life partners. Current studies reveal that Nigeria has one of the highest rates of child marriage in the world. The victims of this inhuman practice are girls. In Nigeria, the practice of child marriage is mostly found in the northern part of the country. In Nigeria, Child marriage is driven by weak legal sanctions against child-marriage, cultural beliefs and traditional practices, religious beliefs, socio-economic challenges, lack of education and empowerment of the girl-child. Child marriage has many effects on the girl child’s health such as increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STD), cervical cancer, death during childbirth, and obstetric fistulas. Child marriage also affects the psychological and mental health of the girl child. This paper discusses the factors that engender child marriage in the society, the effects of child marriage on the girl-child, and canvasses that a holistic approach must be taken to curb this menace of child marriage in Nigeria. This involves the law and socio-economic approaches to tackle child marriage. The paper makes several recommendations to prevent child-marriage including, nation-wide adoption and enforcement of the Child Rights Act 2003, criminalization of child marriage and punishment of perpetrators of child-marriage, awareness and enlightenment campaigns on the varied implications of child-marriage, among others.
An Evaluation of the Dispute Settlement System in the World Trade Organization
Authors: Chukwunweike Henrietta Nkemdilim , Etalong Thomas Alama , Egwuagu Uloma Bridget
Published: September 2024

The main goal of the World Trade Organization (WTO) upon its founding was to guarantee the unhindered and unrestricted flow of goods and services. The Dispute Settlement System, which guarantees prompt resolution of disputes, is the foundation of the WTO. The purpose of this study was to examine how the WTO's Dispute Settlement Body resolves trade disputes. This study explicitly looked at the WTO Dispute Settlement System, identifying its goals and determining whether it facilitates the realization of these goals. The study also assessed the types of disputes that fall under the purview of the WTO Dispute System Body. The research used the doctrinal research approach to accomplish this aim. In the World Trade Organization, trade disputes often occur when a member state or states adopt a measure or measures that the WTO deems to be at odds with the commitments outlined in the WTO agreements. Realizing the practical significance of the member states' obligations requires the prompt and organized settlement of trade disputes. Thus, the study outlined some of the difficulties DSB is facing as well as future directions. These include, among other things, the protracted dispute resolution procedure, the appellate body dilemma, the lack of transparency, and the handling of new trade issues. The study suggested that the system be made more open and visible to the general public as a result. Additionally, the system has to select panelists who are qualified to handle the cases that are brought before panels due to their increasingly complicated substance.
Promotion of National Development Through National Unity and Security: A Study of Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Ubabudu Mary Chinelo , Adam Ahmed
Published: September 2024

This study is a descriptive survey research design conducted on the promotion of national development through national unity and security in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The population of the study were 850 stakeholders in Ebonyi State. 350 stakeholders were selected using the purposive sampling technique. A validated questionnaire titled Practices Utilized for Promoting National Unity and Enhancing Security in Ebonyi State (PUPNUESES) was used for data collection. Two research questions were analysed using descriptive statistical methods. The study revealed that in promoting development, 84% of the stakeholders frequently apply national unity practices while 71% use security-enhancing practices. The researchers concluded that the attainment of national development is contingent upon the inclusion of all components or strategies aimed at augmenting national cohesion and safety. The researchers recommended that the residents of the state should be driven by the yearning to promote oneness through steady campaigns and sensitization via all available media.
Financial Literacy and Credit Accessibility for Small Scale Business Sustainable Growth
Authors: Bolanle Olasoji Margaret , Ademola Adegboyegba Ojo
Published: September 2024

This study is based on financial literacy and credit accessibility for small scale business sustainable growth Owo, Ondo State. The specific objectives of this study were; to examine the impact of financial behaviour, financial attitudes on the performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Owo, Ondo state. The population of the study was 218 respondents of owners and employees of SMEs in Owo, Ondo state. The study used primary data which was collected using questionnaire which comprised of both open ended and close ended questions each addressing the study's objectives. 218 copies questionnaire were administered out of which 181 were retrieved and used for data analysis. Analysis on the demographic features of the respondents were carry out with multiple regression method was used to test for two hypotheses. The result of the study indicates that; financial behaviour has a positive significant on the performance of SMEs in Owo, Ondo State, that financial attitude has positive and significant relationship with the performance of SMEs in Owo, Ondo State. The findings led to the conclusion that financial behaviour and financial attitude have a significant effect on SMEs performance and can directly determine the organization growth and increase in business assets. The study therefore recommended that owners and employees of SMEs should take a conscious effort to improve upon their financial behaviour and financial attitude by attending workshops, conferences and short courses on financial literacy.
Uso de Biomarcarcadores de Alfafetoproteína (AFP) para la Detección de Cáncer
Authors: Marcía Fuentes Jhunior , Barahona Herrera Alejandro , Baca Garcia Yanina , Ruiz Cardona Jenny , Tabora Fuentes Miguel Mariano , Alvarado Marvín Andres
Published: September 2024

El cáncer es una de las principales causas de muerte a nivel mundial y su origen es múltiple, por lo que la ciencia moderna debe hacer uso de todas sus técnicas y métodos para su prevención y control temprano. Es así que la ciencia, desde un enfoque holístico, busca diversas alternativas para mejorar las condiciones y la calidad de vida de la humanidad y entre estas acciones se encuentra el uso de biomarcadores para la detección de cáncer. Entre estos biomarcadores se encuentran las Alfafetoproteínas (AFP), que se han empleado principalmente en la detección de cáncer de hígado y ovarios. Por lo anterior, esta revisión tiene como objetivo aportar desde un abordaje epistemológico el significado del cáncer, su impacto a nivel global y las nuevas tendencias de aprovechamiento de biomarcadores de AFP, para el diagnóstico o detección temprana del cáncer de hígado y de ovarios.
Alimentación Sustentable a Base de Malanga para Escolares Veracruzanos y su Relación con el Ejercicio
Authors: Campos Reyes Lita Carlota , Velazquez Camilo Oscar , Lorrabaquio Valencia Maria de la Paz , Lozano Martínez Kevin Oswaldo , Mendez Pulido Carmen
Published: September 2024

El objetivo fue promover la alimentación sustentable que beneficie el desarrollo optimo del ejercicio en escolares. Se determinó la aceptación sensorial de galletas saludables identificando el nivel de satisfacción por escala hedónica facial, de productos sostenibles elaborados a partir de mezclas de harina de malanga (Colocasia esculenta) en niños en etapa escolar del estado de Veracruz y la frecuencia del ejercicio realizado. Se deshidrató la malanga y elaboraron tres formulaciones, el tratamiento uno con naranja, la formulación dos con limón y la tercera con cocoa y jengibre. Las galletas saludables se llevaron a una escuela primaria del estado de Veracruz para ser evaluadas sensorialmente por los alumnos de 5to y 6to año de primaria y al mismo tiempo identificar su frecuencia de ejercicio. Los resultados de la evaluación sensorial fueron significativos ya que denotan una buena aceptación con base al color, olor, sabor, y consistencia de cada una de las galletas elaboradas a base de las mezclas de malanga, así como el ejercicio mayormente realizado es el futbol y en segundo lugar la natación. Por otro lado, se facilitó información pertinente en cuanto al beneficio del consumo de la malanga como un alimento nutritivo coadyuvante al desarrollo eficiente del ejercicio.
Sabores y Tradición: Caracterización de la Oferta Gastronómica de Buenaventura
Authors: Castillo Rodríguez Edgar Eduardo
Published: September 2024

La gastronomía de una región refleja su cultura y materias primas, transmitida a través de recetas de generación en generación. Este artículo, resultado de una investigación para promover el turismo gastronómico en Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, tiene como objetivo caracterizar la oferta gastronómica del destino. Se utilizó una investigación documental para identificar los platos y bebidas típicas, así como la ubicación de los establecimientos que los ofrecen. En el trabajo de campo, se realizaron encuestas cuantitativas a residentes y visitantes sobre los diferentes sitios de restauración, utilizando una muestra aleatoria simple para contrastar los resultados documentales. Los resultados más destacados incluyen la identificación de los sitios para la creación de una ruta gastronómica, la descripción de los platos y bebidas típicas, y otros componentes de la oferta gastronómica. Entre las conclusiones, los turistas evaluaron positivamente platos como el sudado de camarón, el pescado frito y el sudado de pescado. Ingredientes como el pescado, el Viche y el chontaduro fueron especialmente valorados; aunque los dos últimos no están incluidos en los platos principales, los residentes los identificaron como productos emblemáticos del destino. Finalmente, se presentan recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones.
First report of the genus Bostocktrachys Hirschmann, 1979 from India (Acari, Mesostigmata, Uropodina, Trachyuropodidae) with the description of a new species and with note to the ontogeny of the genus
Authors: Kontschán Jenő , Ermilov Sergey G.
Published: September 2024

The first representatives of the genus Bostocktrachys Hirschmann, 1979 have been discovered in India and are described here as Bostocktrachys wisniewskii sp. nov. based on females, males and nymphs. The new species differs from its congeners on the basis of the shape of grooves on the dorsal shields, dorsal and ventral setae and dorsal and ventral culptural pattern. The second deutonymph and the first protonymph of this genus are presented and discussed.
NARRATIVE REVIEW: INCIDENCE, CAUSES AND INTERVENTION STRATEGIES OF MEDICATION ERRORS TO IMPROVE CHEMOTHERAPY SERVICES IN HOSPITALS
Authors: Nurliyani Hani , Alfian Sofa Dewi , Rahayu Cherry , Pradipta Ivan Surya
Published: September 2024

Medication errors (MEs) are medication errors that have the potential to harm patients during treatment or care. Cancer care is a complex and interconnected system and many errors can be catastrophic. ME in antineoplastic drugs have the potential to cause permanent injury and even death. Evaluation measures of ME incidence in Indonesia are still not optimally carried out, thus leading to the need for a good understanding of the potential ME incidence, especially in cancer patient care. A good understanding of the incidence of medication errors will encourage preventive efforts against the potential occurrence of ME. This narrative review aims to provide information related to the incidence of ME in the Chemotherapy department at the hospital, the causative factors, and the handling and prevention efforts. Scientific information searches were conducted on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for the period 2012-2022. The results showed that the incidence of ME mostly occurred in the prescription phase, namely in the form of dosage errors (45–59.3%), incomplete prescriptions (43–45.5%), drug frequency errors (30.4%), and     errors in patient name, age, and diagnosis data (22.5%). Several aspects contributing to the occurrence of ME were identified, including work procedures, staff, organizational systems, and staff understanding of medication regimens. This study concluded that there is a need to regulate and evaluate several aspects, including work procedures, availability of auxiliary systems, and increasing the capacity of human resources involved. This may prevent the occurrence of ME.
EVALUATION OF AROMATERAPIC LILIN AIDE FORMULATION FROM AGRICULTURAL OIL OF AURISH (Cymbopogon citratus) AS AROMATERAPIC RELAXANT AND INSECT REPELLENT
Authors: Hutahaen Titi Agni , Nirmala Atika , Nisa Khoirotun , Saradewi Amelya
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the formulation of aromatherapy candles using citronella essential oil (Cymbopogon citratus) as the active ingredient. Lemongrass essential oil was chosen because it has two main functions: as an aromatherapeutic relaxant and as an insect repellent. In this study, several candle formulations were prepared with varying concentrations of essential oils to determine the most effective and stable formulation. An effectiveness test was conducted by measuring the intensity of the scent, burning duration of the candle, and the ability to repel insects. The results showed that candles with 25% essential oil provided the best balance between scent intensity and insect repellent effectiveness. The candles also exhibited good stability during the storage. In conclusion, kitchen lemongrass essential oil is a potential ingredient for use in aromatherapy candles that not only provides a relaxing effect, but also functions as a natural insect repellent.
 Keywords: kitchen lemongrass, aromatherapy candles, relaxants, insect repellent
The effect of cannabis legislation on opioid and benzodiazepine use among aging Americans
Authors: Flexon Jamie L. , Stolzenberg Lisa , D'Alessio Stewart J.
Published: September 2024

Background

This study sought to evaluate whether medicinal cannabis (marijuana) laws (MMLs) influence opioid and benzodiazepine use through displacement from opioids and companion drugs toward cannabis for arguably better or comparable pain management among aging Americans (i.e., those aged 50 years and older) as opposed to concentrating on older people aged 65 years and above. This aging demographic is an understudied but vulnerable population to unknown or paradoxical policy effects amid the current medical and legal landscape. Should this displacement occur, the implementation of such legislation may ultimately aid in mitigating the adverse repercussions that ensue from an excessive dependence on these more traditional medications. However, it is also critical to assess whether these laws worsen outcomes among this population.

Methods

To investigate these possibilities, 2022 data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) are used along with multiple logistic regression procedures to evaluate the use of opioids and benzodiazepines in MMLs for those aged 50 years and older compared to those younger.

Results

Findings reveal that less opioid reliance is reported among the aging residing in MML states compared to non-MML states. However, no effect from the laws is observed for benzodiazepines or co-prescribed opioids and benzodiazepines among this population.

Conclusions

MMLs may serve to attenuate the consequences of opioid reliance among the aging but not use of opiates in combination with benzodiazepines or the use of benzodiazepines alone.
Distributed energy systems: A potential solution for equitable electricity access
Authors: Talebpour Niousha , Ilbeigi Mohammad , Korfiatis George , Powell Martin
Published: September 2024

Equitable access to electricity is a critical challenge confronting urban communities. We investigated this problem empirically and explored the feasibility of leveraging novel distributed energy systems as a potential solution in three steps. First, using historical data, the associations between citizens' socioeconomic attributes and their access to electricity were statistically analyzed to empirically evaluate whether the existing grid systems serve all citizens fairly. Second, a systematic scoping review was conducted to synthesize and analyze the existing knowledge on the design and development of distributed systems to promote equitable access to electricity. Third, a series of semi-structured interviews was conducted to collect subject-matter experts' insights on potential opportunities and challenges for large-scale implementation of distributed energy systems as a solution to the problem of inequitable access to electricity. Finally, using the outcomes of the statistical analysis, systematic scoping review, and interviews, a set of potential research directions are outlined. We set the groundwork for future research and investigations focused on designing novel solutions to overcome the problem of inequitable access to electricity in urban areas. The outcomes of this study will help decision-makers identify potential opportunities and challenges for implementing distributed solutions to create more equitable electricity infrastructure systems.