bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perkawinan di Depan Jenazah Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Rahmi Raflina Vinidya , Khumairoh Siti
Published: February 2023

Abstract: In Indonesia, there is a tradition, that if the parents of the bride and groom die before the wedding time, then the marriage is carried out in front of the body before the body is buried.  This article discusses in-depth marriage in front of the corpse from the perspective of Islamic law. This research is a field study conducted in the village of Ngingas, Waru, Sidoarjo. Data is collected through interviews, observations, and documentation.  The study concluded that one of the cases of marriage in front of the body that occurred in the village of Ngingas was that the father of the bride-to-be died before her child married on a specified schedule. Therefore, marriage mating is carried out in front of the body by presenting brides-to-be, guardians, and witnesses. The wedding is done in honor of the body and because there is a belief that if there is death then the family of the deceased should not perform marriage and the like in the next year because it is still in a period of mourning. Therefore the marriage must be rushed or postponed after one year. In this case, the bride's family chooses to move the marriage by holding a contract in front of the deceased's body.  Based on Islamic law, the marriage does not conflict with Islamic law and the law is valid because it has fulfilled the pillars and conditions of marriage. However, the marriage must be recorded in accordance with the marriage law in Indonesia.
Keywords: Marriage, corpse, tradition, Islamic law.
Abstrak: Di Indonesia terdapat tradisi, jika orang tua calon pengantin meninggal sebelum waktu pernikahan, maka perkawinan dilakukan di depan jenazah sebelum jenazah dimakamkan. Artikel ini membahas secara mendalam tentang perkawinan di depan jenazah dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan yang dilakukan di desa Ngingas, Waru, Sidoarjo. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa salah satu kasus perkawinan di depan jenazah yang terjadi di desa Ngingas adalah ayah calon mempelai perempuan meninggal sebelum anaknya menikah pada jadwal yang ditentukan. Karena itu, perkawinan dilakukan di depan jenazah dengan menghadirkan calon pengantin, wali dan saksi. Pernikahan dilakukan untuk menghormati jenazah dan karena ada keyakinan bahwa jika ada kematian maka hendaknya keluarga almarhum tidak melakukan hajat perkawinan dan sejenisnya dalam setahun ke depan karena masih dalam masa berduka. Karena itu perkawinan harus disegerakan atau diundur setelah satu tahun. Dalam hal ini, keluarga mempelai memilih menyegerakan perkawinan dengan mengadakan akad di depan jenazah almarhum. Berdasarkan hukum Islam, perkawinan tersebut tidak bertentangan dengan hukum Islam dan hukumnya sah karena telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat perkawinan. Meski demikian perkawinan tersebut harus dicatatkan agar sesuai dengan hukum perkawinan di Indonesia.
Keywords: Perkawinan, jenazah, tradisi, hukum Islam.
Perlindungan Korban Terorisme dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2018
Authors: Al Ayyubi Muhammad Sholahudin
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The Indonesian government has enacted Law Number 5 of 2018 to address acts of terrorism and protect victims of terrorism. However, until now, no Government Regulation has been issued related to handling the fulfilment of rights for victims of terrorism crimes. The article aims to qualitatively analyse the protection of victims of terrorism as stated in Law number 5 of 2018. This research is normative and juridically analysed qualitatively. This research concludes that Law number 5 of 2018 has not guaranteed all the rights that must be obtained for victims of acts of terrorism. To get their rights as victims, victims must first apply to the authorities, whereas should these rights be granted when based on the results of investigations, they are proven to be part of the victims of the action terrorism. The lack of fulfilment of the rights of victims of terrorism will lead to secondary victimisation for both primary and secondary victims.
Keywords: Protection, victims, terrorism.
Abstrak: Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengesahkan Undang-Undang Nomor 5 tahun 2018 untuk mengatasi aksi terorisme dan melindungi korban terorisme. Namun, sampai sekarang belum ada Peraturan Pemerintah yang dikeluarkan terkait penanganan pemenuhan hak-hak bagi para korban tindak pidana terorisme. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis secara kualitatif tentang perlindungan korban terorisme yang tercantum dalam Undang-Undang nomor 5 tahun 2018. Penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Undang-Undang nomor 5 tahun 2018 belum menjamin seluruh hak-hak yang harus didapatkan bagi para korban aksi terorisme. Untuk mendapatkan hak-haknya sebagai korban, para korban harus mengajukan dahulu kepada pihak yang berwenang, padahal seharusnya hak-hak tersebut bisa diberikan ketika berdasarkan hasil penyelidikan dan penyidikan mereka terbukti menjadi bagian dari korban aksi terorisme. Kurangnya pemenuhan hak-hak terhadap korban terorisme ini akan menyebabkan terjadinya viktimisasi sekunder untuk para korban primer maupun sekunder.
Kata kunci: Perlindungan, korban, terorisme.
Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Perspektif Fikih Siyasah
Authors: Kurniawan Rifki Dwi , Yuliharson Samudra Baratha
Published: February 2023

Abstract: This article discusses Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB), which is based on Government Regulation Number 21 of 2020 to be analysed in siyasah jurisprudence.  This research is a normative or juridical type of legal research.  The results of the study concluded that to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic, the government refers to the regulation of Regulation Pegoverning Number 21 of 2020 concerning Large-Scale Social Restrictions. This regulation has many shortcomings, so the handling of this pandemic is less effective and efficient in implementation in the field. The implications of the law on implementing large-scale social restrictions for a region in Indonesia have a major impact on social life, economy and education. From the perspective of siyasah jurisprudence, the PSBB policy made by the government is according to the concept of siyasah jurisprudence.
Keywords: Large-Scale Social Restrictions, Government, Fiqh Siyasah, Covid-19.
Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) yang didasarkan pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 untuk dianalisis secara fikih siyasah. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian hukum normatif atau yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa untuk menangani pandemi Covid-19 pemerintah mengacu pada regulasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar. Dalam regulasi ini memiliki banyak kekurangan sehingga penanganan pandemi ini kurang efektif dan efisien dalam pelaksanaan di lapangan. Implikasi hukum terhadap pemberlakuan pembatasan sosial berskala besar bagi suatu wilayah di Indonesia memiliki dampak yang besar terhadap kehidupan sosial, ekonomi dan pendidikan. Dalam perspektif fikih siyasah, kebijakan PSBB yang dibuat pemerintah telah sesuai dengan konsep fikih siyasah.
Kata kunci: Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, Pemerintah, Fikih Siyasah, Covid-19.
Meneropong Etika Profesi Polisi Saat Demonstrasi: Antara Menjaga Keamanan dan Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Agustina Indi Rizky Amalia , F.M M. Amal Rizqhy , Alifatin Nurul , Syaifuddin Muhammad , Musyarofa Musyarofa , Rifqi Muhammad Jazil
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the actions of police officers during demonstrations who should have followed the procedures stipulated in the law and the professional ethics of the police by paying attention to the human rights of the demonstrators, but the facts speak otherwise. This article is a field research applying the theory of the police code of ethics to discuss police ethics when handling demonstrations. The demonstration against the Omnibus Law, attended by various groups in Surabaya, which at first was orderly, suddenly became anarchic when the orator gave a speech, with the provocateurs from certain circles who threw stones at police cars and set off firecrackers. However, it was miserable when the arrests of the demonstrators suspected of being provocateurs were carried out ferociously and in any place so that it made noise and restlessness in the community. It violates the police code of ethics in their duties, namely maintaining safety and order in the community.
Keywords: Demonstration, Police Code of Ethics, Human Rights
Abstrak: Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk menelaah aksi anggota polisi pada saat demonstrasi yang seharusnya melakukannya sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah diatur dalam undang-undang dan etika profesi kepolisian dengan memperhatikan hak asasi para demonstran, namun fakta berbicara sebaliknya. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan menerapkan teori kode etik kepolisian guna membahas etika polisi pada saat menangani demonstrasi. Demonstrasi dalam menolak UU Omnibus Law yang dihadiri oleh berbagai kalangan di Surabaya, yang pada awalnya berjalan tertib, secara tiba-tiba menjadi anarkis saat orator sedang memberikan orasi, disertai para provokator dari kalangan tertentu yang melempar mobil polisi dengan batu dan menyalakan petasan. Namun sangat disayangkan saat penangkapan para pendemonstrasi yang diduga menjadi provokator tersebut malah dilakukan dengan sangat brutal dan di sembarang tempat sehingga membuat gaduh dan resah di tengah masyarakat. Hal ini tentunya menyalahi kode etik kepolisian dalam menjalankan tugasnya yaitu menjaga keselamatan dan ketertiban di masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Demonstrasi, Kode Etik Polisi, Hak Asasi Manusia.
Hukum Permainan Capit Boneka Perspektif Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Jember
Authors: Fitriyah Kharisma Dwi , Yusuf Faqihuddin Qasim
Published: February 2023

Abstract: This article discusses the doll claw machine game in the fatwa study of the Indonesian Ulema Council of Jember. This research method is qualitative, namely using the literature study method. Meanwhile, the literature study is used to research by collecting library data, reading, recording, and processing research materials. In this study, there are two data, namely primary and secondary. The data collection technique used by the author is the documentation technique. The results of the study concluded that the practice of the doll claw machine game is by exchanging money for coins provided by the seller, then inserting the coins into the machine, and then moving the claws towards the doll to be capit.  MUI Jember considers that the doll claw machine game contains gambling elements, so the law is haram.
Keywords: law, doll claw machine game, MUI, fatwa.
Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang permainan capit boneka dalam kajian fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Jember. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif yaitu menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan. Sedangkan studi kepustakaan adalah metode yang digunakan untuk meneliti dengan cara pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat serta mengolah bahan penelitian. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat dua data yaitu primer dan sekunder. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan penulis adalah dengan teknik dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa, praktik permainan capit boneka yakni dengan cara menukarkan uang dengan koin yang disediakan oleh penjual, kemudian memasukkan koin tersebut pada mesin, selanjutnya menggerakkan capit ke arah boneka yang akan di capit.  MUI Jember memandang bahwa permainan capit boneka mengandung unsur perjudian, maka hukumnya haram.
Kata kunci: hukum, permainan capit boneka, MUI, fatwa.
Hukuman Mati Di Indonesia Dalam Perspektif HAM Dan Pidana Islam
Authors: Najib M. Ainun , Humaeroh Nisbati Sandiah , Al Hikmah Putri Silvah , Arif Mohammad
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Until now, Indonesia still adheres to the death penalty, the most severe punishment because it involves a very precious life. Because of the value of life, then the death penalty becomes a polemic that raises pros and cons, both in Indonesia itself, internationally and even within the Islamic religion. This research is qualitative in nature which focuses on literature review in the form of books, scientific journals and laws. It can be concluded that the death penalty is not at all contrary to human rights, both from the Western and Eastern versions, because the death penalty is used to maintain the existence of human rights itself.
Keywords: Death Penalty, Human Rights, Positive Law, Islamic Criminal Law
 
Abstrak: Sampai sekarang, Indonesia masih menganut hukuman mati, hukuman yang paling berat karena menyangkut kehidupan yang sangat berharga. Oleh karena berharganya kehidupan ini, maka kemudian hukuman mati menjadi sebuah polemik yang menimbulkan pro dan kontra, baik di Indonesia sendiri, internasional bahkan dalam agama Islam. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif yang berfokus pada kajian pustaka berupa buku, jurnal-jurnal ilmiah dan undang-undang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hukuman mati sama sekali tidak bertentangan dengan Hak Asasi Manusia, baik dari versi Barat maupun Timur, disebabkan hukuman mati digunakan untuk mempertahankan eksistensi dari HAM itu sendiri.
Kata kunci: Hukuman Mati, HAM, Hukum Positif, Hukum Pidana Islam
The metabolites of lactic acid bacteria: classification, biosynthesis and modulation of gut microbiota
Authors: Tang Huang , Huang Wanqiu , Yao Yu-Feng
Published: February 2023

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are ubiquitous microorganisms that can colonize the intestine and participate in the phys-iological metabolism of the host. LAB can produce a variety of metabolites, including organic acids, bacteriocin, amino acids, exopolysaccharides and vitamins. These metabolites are the basis of LAB function and have a profound impact on host health. The intestine is colonized by a large num-ber of gut microorganisms with high species diversity. Me-tabolites of LAB can keep the balance and stability of gut microbiota through aiding in the maintenance of the intes-tinal epithelial barrier, resisting to pathogens and regulat-ing immune responses, which further influence the nutri-tion, metabolism and behavior of the host. In this review, we summarize the metabolites of LAB and their influence on the intestine. We also discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms and emphasize the link between LAB and the human gut from the perspective of health promotion.
Parentyfikacja dziadków czynnikiem resilience w funkcjonowaniu rodziny samotnej matki – przegląd badań
Authors:   Akademia im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie, Napora Elżbieta , Kozerska Agnieszka ,   Akademia im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie, Schneider Anna M. ,   National Measurement Laboratory in New South Wales, Australia
Published: February 2023

The paper shows the condition of research on the engagement of grandparents as a factor protecting a single mother and her family including the adolescent. According to the authors, the involvement of grandparents is one of the best methods of support. It is not only the means to eliminate social exclusion of a single mother and her child but also to encourage those who provide help. Numerous articles, book chapters, and conference papers published over the last three decades have been analysed.
Nowy wolontariat w polu zróżnicowań – poszukiwanie modelu
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Jeran Agnieszka , Basińska Anita ,   Wyższa Szkoła Nauk Humanistycznych i Dziennikarstwa w Poznaniu
Published: February 2023

We can observe changes in the volunteering approach, defining of volunteering, and reasons for involving in volunteering in literature, mass media, and social research as well. These changes were important reasons for consideration of the image of volunteering in Poland. The main aim of this text is to make an introductory presentation of the characteristics of new volunteering in Poland and to propose a model of coexistance of new and old (classic) volunteering using their characteristics to explore its boundaries. This model of characteristics of new and classic volunteering is based on two concepts: (1) a frame of goals and (2) social functions of volunteering. In this way we create a new model – volunteering diversity field. This theoretical model was illustrated by episodic volunteers’ statements (opinions) gathered during social research in three Polish cities in 2010 and 2011.
„Voluntas” – woluntariat jako praca – transgresyjne formy wolontariatu. Ciągłość i zerwanie
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Nowak Marek
Published: February 2023

This paper describes the problem of voluntary work in the historical context. Author proposes a soft reconceptualisation of the theoretical concept of voluntary action based on etymological and semantic perspectives of voluntas. The semantic background is useful for the reinterpretation of the logic of the evolution of voluntary work from the concept of classic charity to the contemporary sport volunteerism, voluntary action in the time of “big sport events”, and so on. This evolution is significant for the late modernity and for the crisis situation in the labour market at the beginning of the 21st century. Finally, “voluntary” nowadays means something close to work in various labour sectors, but the classic motive of voluntas is still noticeable. The author, finally, introduces the results of an empirical investigation carried out in 2011 in Poland (Poznań, Wrocław, and Gdańsk).
Wolontariat hospicyjny wczoraj a dziś . Próba opisu zmian strategii mobilizacyjnej do wolontariatu w perspektywie symbolicznej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wiensak Paulina
Published: February 2023

The text describes the values that are currently implemented in hospice volunteer service under consideration as per the theory of the symbolic dimension of collective action proposed by Donatello della Porta and Marco Diani. The values are presented from the two perspectives: motives mobilizing volunteers to get involved, the most important key in voluntary work and descriptions and interpretations of hospice volunteering by those in charge: coordinators and leaders of the movement. The method was used in order to display the current values of hospice volunteer movement and compare them with the ideology of the movement at the beginning of its formation in Poland. The data used for the analysis comes from my own research concluded in two palliative and hospice centers. Analysis of the transformation of values in hospice volunteer service shows the emergence of new motives to take action, for example, experience of illness, death of a family member and support received from the hospice, and elevation of self perceived value. A service to a person in need, charity, especially in the rhetoric of promoting hospice volunteering fades slowly. Leaders of hospice centers show voluntary service as a way of life, the purpose-making factor, and the possibility to develop people-to-people contacts. The added value of the text is extending the analysis to other areas of voluntary activity, drawing attention to the aspect of values and motivation. A more in-depth analysis on the subject matter would be of value and would furthermore help to determine key human values (selflessness, charity, and the will to help fellow man) surrounding the issue.
Threats to national security arising from economic cooperation with the People’s Republic of China
Authors:   University of Wrocław, Matras Tomasz
Published: February 2023

In the last thirty years, China became one of the most important elements of the global economy. China is one of the leading investor countries. In 2020, the value of outward Foreign Direct Investment from China amounted to approximately 153.71 billion U.S. dollars. Therefore, the threat of making other countries dependent on Chinese pressure is growing. Chinese leaders tend to use the potential benefits of cooperation with them as a bargaining card in relations with other countries – both developing and developed. This research article aims to present aspects of economic cooperation with China that are usually overlooked in public discourse and to arouse the reader’s interest in the subject. This article is largely descriptive, based on scientific studies and analyses of Polish and foreign researchers. The author has used historical, comparative, and monographic methods in his research.
On Some Peculiarities of Talysh Decorative-Applied Art
Authors:   Baku Slavic University, Republic of Azerbaijan, Kerimova Nurangiz Ali
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the Talysh national culture and its decorative-applied art. The author dwells on issues connected with the Talysh people’s history and the Talysh language’s peculiarities, on the history of the study of Talysh culture and decorative-applied art. It is pointed out that the decorative-applied art of the Talysh people is rich, original, and quite imitative. The author enumerates the world museums where samples of Talysh decorative-applied art are exhibited. The author also pointed out the spheres of handicrafts in which Talysh craftsmen stood out. So, Talysh craftsmen were brilliantly proficient in carpet weaving (including pile and pileless carpets, hesirs and buriya), decorating swords and daggers, embroidery, wood-carving, stone-carving, and many others. Besides, the Talysh traditions in other spheres of art are also mentioned. For instance, everyday dishes, articles made from clay, various items, utensils of everyday and ritual purpose, and artistic ceramics are also mentioned in the article. The author points out that all items made by Talysh craftsmen were always in great demand, but large-scale production did not mean degrading their quality. Talyshes were jewellers of the highest level and created very interesting products, real masterpieces. It is not occasional that samples of Talysh decorative-applied art are considered a very interesting cultural phenomenon. So, the materials discovered during archaeological excavations and their comparison with modern products prove that rich traditions of Talysh decorative-applied art are saved, are continued nowadays and are enriched by new achievements.
Putin i jego wersja „polityki historycznej” kierowanej do Rosjan
Authors: Wyszczelski Lech
Published: February 2023

The Russian “remembrance policy” is an approach to instrumental treating history for creating new image of Russian patriotism after the collapse of the USSR. It has been initiated by Gorbachev, supplemented by Yeltsin, and specified by Putin. The latter has used history for actual politics. It has little to do with the historical truth but that is not important in his “remembrance policy”. Significant is a possibility of placing its elements the “information warfare” that aims to enhance the imperial position of contemporary Russia, also by using military force. A “remembrance policy” understood in this way has served for building strong Russian nationalism.
„Trudnyś żywot zaczął”. O patronach chrześcijańskiego Wschodu przeciw chorobom zakaźnym. Postacie niektórych świętych z pierwszych wieków chrześcijaństwa w oparciu o Żywoty świętych starego i nowego zakonu na każdy dzień przez cały rok (1615) Piotra Skargi
Authors:   Uniwersytet Opolski, Banaś Agnieszka
Published: February 2023

The article is dedicated to the first patron of the Christian Orient, who passed away in God’s glory with faith and professing the truth. It aims to present the profiles of selected divine intercessors of the oriental world, often forgotten patrons for the time of the pandemic in today’s society. However, this topic is too extensive for one article, so it is only an introduction to the hagiography of the saints of the Orient.
MicroRNA-17 Family Targets RUNX3 to Increase Proliferation and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Li Fang , Cheng Jiwen , Hou Ni , Pu Zhiying , Zhang Hua , Chen Yanke , Huang Chen
Published: February 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one common cancer in the world. Previous studies have shown that miR-17 family members are elevated in most tumors and promote tumor progression. However, there is no comprehensive analysis of the expression and functional mechanism of the microRNA-17 (miR-17) family in HCC. The aim of this study is to comprehensively analyze the function of the miR-17 family in HCC and the molecular mechanism of its role. Bioinfoimatics analysis of the miR-17 family expression profile and its relationship to clinical significance using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and this result was confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. miR-17 family members were tested for functional effects through transfection of miRNA precursors and inhibitors, and monitoring cell viability and migration by cell count and wound healing assays. In addition, we using dual-luciferase assay and Western blot demonstrated the targeting relationship between the miRNA-17 family and RUNX3. These members of miR-17 family were highly expressed in HCC tissues, and the overexpression of the miR-17 family promoted the proliferation and migration of SMMC-7721 cells, whereas treatment with anti-miR17 inhibitors caused the opposite effects. Notably, we also found that inhibitors anti-each member of miR-17 can suppress the expression of the entire family member. In addition, they can bind to the 3' untranslated region of RUNX3 to regulate its expression at the translational level. Our results proved that miR-17 family has oncogenic characteristics, overexpression every member of the family contributed to HCC cell proliferation and migration by reducing the translation of RUNX3.
Doppler Indices of the Fetal Middle Cerebral and the Umbilical Arteries in Pregnancies at High Risk Followed Up for Suspected Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar Medicine – Anatomy, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, West K.K.Nagar, Chennai- 600078. Tamil Nadu State, India., Mahalinga Gandla , Rajasekhar Konduru Varadarajulu ,   Dean, Professor, and HOD, Department of Radiology, Meenakshi Medical College And Research Institute, Enathur, Kanchipuram, 631552. Tamil Nadu State, India., S Nagaraj. ,   Associate Professor, Department Of Anatomy, S V S Medical College and Hospital, Mahabubnagar- 509001 Telangana State, India., Reddy M. Venkateshwar ,   Professor and HOD, Department Of Anatomy, S V S Medical College and Hospital, Mahabubnagar- 509001, Telangana State, India.
Published: February 2023

Background: Fetal growth restriction is related to compromised perinatal outcomes. The screening and prevention tools for fetal growth restriction like Doppler indices in high-risk groups compared with general antenatal populations. An evaluation of the correlation between Doppler indices and placental weight and birth weight of the neonate at term pregnancy in high-risk pregnancies is essential. For the early detection of fetal growth limitations in high-risk pregnancies, sensitive screening techniques are few. Objectives: To determine the most accurate indicator for predicting a poor perinatal outcome or intrauterine growth restriction by comparing and correlating the modifications in Doppler ultrasound studies of fetal circulation in general pregnant women with those of high-risk patients both with and without intrauterine growth retardation. Study design: A cross-sectional research including 81 healthy pregnancies and 19 high-risk patients at 31–40 weeks of gestation was conducted. The pulsatility index (PI) of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), the umbilical artery (UA), and the MCA PI to UA PI ratio were all analyzed. We compared the Doppler indices' mean values. Then these values were correlated with placental weight and birth weight of the offspring. Results: A significantly low birth weight and less fetoplacental ratio and placental coefficient ratio were found in high-risk cases than in normal pregnant women (P <0.05). A strong positive relationship was observed between the middle cerebral artery pulsatility index and placental weight, while negative relationship between the pulsatility index of the middle cerebral artery and the Feto-placental ratio (P < 0.05). In addition, a positive association was found between the pulsatility index of the middle cerebral artery and placental coefficient, whereas a negative correlation was observed between the Cerebro-placental ratio and Feto-placental ratio in high-risk cases (P <0.05). Conclusion: Low birth weight can be predicted using Doppler indices since there is a definite correlation between it and unfavorable perinatal outcomes. KEY WORDS: Placenta, birth weight, Doppler indices, Middle cerebral artery pulsatility index, Umbilical artery pulsatility index.
Prevalence of Palmaris Longus Muscle Agenesis Among Students Assessed Using Various Clinical Assessment Tests
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610 Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia., Wafa Yaseen Ahmed ,   Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Misurata University, Misurata, Libya, Abumosamah Maher ,   Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610 Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia., Gasibat Qais ,   Senior Physiotherapist, Department of Sport Studies, University Putra Malaysia UPM, 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia.,   Senior Physiotherapist, Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Technology, Misurata, Libya.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Since the lack of Palmaris Longus Muscle (PLM) has no effect on hand and wrist function, it is considered a non-essential muscle. However, its clinical relevance stems from its widespread application in reconstructive and hand surgery. In addition to gender differences, some sources assert that its absence is more prevalent in those genders who lack it in some way, that it is more prevalent when both eyes are missing, and that it is more prevalent when just one eye is present. Aim: The primary objective of this research was to find out how common PLM agenesis is among students of both genders. The secondary objective was to demonstrate that a classical test (Schaffer's test) can be reliably compared to other tests such as Thompson's test, Mishra's test, AIIM's test, and the Hiz-Ediz test. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study carried out at the MAHSA University; A total of 224 cases, comprised of 126 (56.3%) females and 98 (43.8%) males. Each participant was requested to perform five clinical tests namely, Schaeffer’s test, Thompson’s test, Mishra’s test, AIIM’s test, and the Hiz-Ediz test. Results: The frequent agenesis of the palmaris longus in the right forearm of our study with the Schaeffer’s test was (20.5%) and Thompson’s and Hiz-Ediz tests had equal percentages of agenesis (22.3%) while Mishra’s test (22.8%), and AIIMs test (29.5%) of the participants. Moreover, Thompson’s test had the highest percentage of (70.5%) compared to other tests for detecting the presence of PLM in the left forearm. The second nearest test for PLM detection was Schaeffer’s test with a percentage of (67.4%). AIIMs test was able to detect PLM in (64.3%) of the participants and Mishra’s test and Hiz-Ediz tests had close percentages of (59.4%) and (57.6%) respectively for PLM detection. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Thompson’s test had a higher percentage among the tests to detect the presence of the PLM tendon in females while Schaeffer’s test was more significant in males. Thompson's test had the best accuracy level and the highest percentage level of agreement with Schaeffer's test compared to the other tests. KEY WORDS: Palmaris Longus Muscle; Agenesis; Schaeffer's Test, Anatomical Variation, Forearm.
Jigsaw Method of Interactive Teaching to Unpuzzle Neuroanatomy
Authors:   Associate professor, Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India, Rajan Rahe , Devi M.R.Renuka ,   Professor, Physiology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India., Koshy Jinu Merlin ,   Associate professor, Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India., Devi G Durga ,   Associate professor, Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India, Johnson W.M.S. ,   Professor of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India, Krishnaveni S  ,   Associate professor, Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Student driven interactive methods of teaching are a major part of andragogy, which drives them to professional competency. Jigsaw method is one such interactive teaching modality which fosters self-directed learning and peer interaction. The aim of this study is to access the effectiveness of Jigsaw method of interactive teaching qualitatively and quantitatively among 1st year MBBS students. Materials and methods: this study was done in 1st year medical students. The students were exposed to jigsaw method of interactive teaching in small groups and the program was evaluated by assessing the short and long term memory of the students. Feedback also was obtained from the students. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores as compared to traditional teaching methods. The perception of students also showed promising results. Discussion: there have been many studies on student perception on such interactive teaching methods which revealed that the students were showing better academic performances. A few studies like the present one, on quantitative assessment of students score after Jigsaw method of interactive teaching has also shown good results. Conclusion: the jigsaw method of interactive teaching encourages student participation and enhances self directed learning and peer assisted learning. KEY WORDS: Neuroanatomy, jigsaw, peer learning, androgogy.
Protective Role of Pomegranate on kidney of Albino Rat Treated with Monosodium Glutamate
Authors:   Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Salem Rasha Rabea , Biram Dalia Mahmoud ,   Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,  Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, El Kark , Jordan, El homosany Nesrine Mostafa ,   Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Published: February 2023

Background: Sodium mono glutamate (MSG), the sodium salt of glutamic acid, is a food flavoring agent that is widely used in many countries. Pomegranate is used as a traditional medication in numerous countries, it is planted in Asian countries, Mediterranean countries and the U.S.A. Aim of the work: The present study aimed to detect structural and functional changes in adult rat kidney tissue treated with sodium mono glutamate, and the possible protective effect of pomegranate on the kidney treated with MSG. Materials and Methods: This study was done by using 60 adult Wistar Albino rats of both sexes were divided into three equal groups: Group I (control group), Group II (sodium mono glutamate treated group), and Group III (combined MSG and pomegranate treated group) Doses were given once daily for 8 weeks every day. At the end of the treatment period, blood samples collected from each rat were used for measuring the values of urea and creatinine. Also animals of the different groups were sacrificed at the end of the experiment, quickly dissected and the kidneys were removed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for the histological examination by light microscopy, other tissue sections were evaluated using a transmission electron microscope. Both were used to examine the effect of sodium mono glutamate on cortex of the kidneys of albino rats ,compared with control group and the combined MSG and pomegranate group. Results: There was a major rise in blood urea level and blood creatinine level in sodium mono glutamate treated group in contrast to the control group. There was a significant reduction in blood urea level and blood creatinine level in combined sodium mono glutamate and pomegranate treated group in comparison to MSG treated group. Examination of kidney tissue of rats treated with sodium mono glutamate (Group. II) showed damaging changes of its structure. The glomerulus had markedly widened blood capillaries with thickened filtration membrane. The epithelial tubular cells had marked degenerative changes. Examination of rats kidney tissue treated with sodium mono glutamate and pomegranate (Group III) revealed improvement of the lesions in the glomeruli and renal tubules. Conclusion: Pomegranate protected the kidneys and restricted the histological and functional alterations caused by sodium mono glutamate, and thus, there is an advantage of usage of pomegranate with sodium mono glutamate. KEY WORDS: Pomegranate, Sodium mono glutamate (MSG), Kidney, Blood Urea.
Study of Incidence of Ponticulus Posterior In Dry Human Atlas Vertebra and Its Clinical Significance
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chattisgarh, India., Kamdi Ashish , Ambade Hemlata ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India., Thakre Gourav ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Medical College,Rohini New Delhi, India., Kaore Ashita ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Nagpur, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India., N.Y.Kamdi  ,   Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Nagpur, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Published: February 2023

Background: Atlas is the first cervical vertebra. The vertebral artery lies in the groove on posterior arch of the atlas. The vertebral artery groove may sometimes get converted into a foramen. This is commonly known as ponticulus posterior (ponticulus posticus) or arcuate foramen of the atlas. These foramina may be complete or incomplete. This can lead to compression of the vertebral artery and produce symptoms like headache, syncope, altered consciousness etc. It can also complicate manipulations of the cervical spine by reducing the blood flow during extreme rotations of head and neck. It is also associated with vertebrobasilar artery stroke So, neurosurgeons or orthopaedic surgeons who operate in this area should have a detailed knowledge of variations of groove for the vertebral artery. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 50 dried and fully ossified adult human atlas of unknown age and sex collected from the department of Anatomy, Government Medical college, Nagpur. Each atlas vertebra was carefully observed for the presence or absence of complete or incomplete ponticuli on superior surface of posterior arch of atlas. Results: Out of the 50 vertebra studied 7(14%) showed the presence of Ponticuli. Ponticuli were incomplete in all 7 atlas vertebras. Complete ring was not observed in any of the atlas vertebra .Out of the 7 ponticuli 6(12%) were found to be unilateral and in only 1 (2%) case it was found to be bilateral. Out of the 6 ponticuli 4(8%) were noticed on the Left side and 2(4%) were present on the right side. Conclusion: Presence of incomplete ponticulus posterior might cause cervical pain and even cerebrovascular disorders due to pressure on third part of vertebral artery present in the vertebral artery groove. This anatomical knowledge is important for neurosurgeons, orthopaedic surgeons, radiologists and clinicians while dealing with this region. KEYWORDS: Ponticulus Posterior, Atlas, Cervical Vertebra, Cerebrovascular disorders, Vertebral artery.
Construction professionnelle, représentations et rapport à la formation des étudiants en masso-kinésithérapie
Authors: PEREZ-ROUX Thérèse
Published: February 2023

La réforme des études de masso-kinésithérapie mise en place en 2015 a amené des changements dans la formation initiale des étudiants. La recherche présentée dans cet article s’intéresse aux représentations, au rapport à la formation et au futur métier des étudiants en masso-kinésithérapie. Elle permet de documenter les processus de construction professionnelle. Se former au métier peut être considéré comme un moment délicat pour les étudiants qui débutent et deviennent peu à peu responsables de leurs actes, des autres et d’eux-mêmes. Le cadre théorique mobilise les concepts de professionnalisation et de rapport au savoir. Sur le plan méthodologique, un questionnaire en ligne a été diffusé en 2020 à l’échelle nationale (n=1011). Les données recueillies ont fait l’objet d’une analyse univarié puis bivariée à partir des variables genre, année d’étude, reprise d’études. Les résultats montrent des préoccupations et des attentes qui évoluent sur la durée des études ; ils se différencient en fonction du genre et questionnent l’articulation entre care et cure. Ils soulignent un écart entre l’intention de professionnalisation/universitarisation portée par la réforme des études et ce qui mobilise les étudiants, davantage focalisés sur l‘apprentissage du métier. Ceci induit des décalages entre les prescriptions institutionnelles et les attentes des étudiants vis-à-vis de la formation.
Les EHPAD « à l’école » des personnes handicapées vieillissantes : un nouveau métier pour les soignantes ?
Authors: BASTIDE Yann
Published: February 2023

Depuis le début des années 2010, les Unités pour Personnes Handicapées Vieillissantes s'implantent peu à peu dans les EHPAD, en réponse à l'amélioration de l'espérance de vie des ressortissants de foyers d'ESAT et foyers de vie (établissements d’accueil non médicalisé pour personnes handicapées dans la nomenclature FINESS).
Aujourd’hui classées parmi les dispositifs innovants par le rapport de l’ANCREAI sur le vieillissement des personnes en situation de handicap, ces UPHV sont le produit d’un compromis qui fût difficile à trouver, au point de rencontre entre d’une part, l’institution du handicap et d’autre part, celle de la gérontologie.
Dans un contexte marqué par la crise Covid et par les scandales de maltraitance, ces UPHV ouvrent discrètement la voie vers un autre modèle de maisons de retraite, aussi bien en termes de financement, que de pratique, d'éthique et donc de qualité réelle d'accompagnement.
L’enquête rapportée dans cet article nous a conduit à recueillir divers matériaux, parmi lesquels une série d’entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès de professionnels chargés de mettre en œuvre l’une de ces unités. Nous faisons l’analyse de ces matériaux au regard des dynamiques d’appropriation et de réappropriation observées pour l’ensemble des UPHV dans l’une des ex-régions de Nouvelle Aquitaine.
Mental health and neurocognitive disorder–related hospitalization rates in immigrants and Canadian-born population: a linkage study
Authors: Grundy Anne , Ng Edward , Rank Claudia , Quinlan Jacklyn , Giovinazzo George , Viau Rachel , Ponka David , Garner Rochelle
Published: February 2023

Objectives

Mental health and neurocognitive conditions are important causes of hospitalization among immigrants, though patterns may vary by immigrant category, world region of origin, and time since arrival in Canada. This study uses linked administrative data to explore differences in mental health hospitalization rates between immigrants and individuals born in Canada.

Methods

Hospital records from the Discharge Abstract Database and the Ontario Mental Health Reporting System for 2011 to 2017 were linked to the 2016 Longitudinal Immigrant Database and to Statistics Canada’s 2011 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort. Age-standardized hospitalization rates for mental health–related conditions (ASHR-MHs) were derived for immigrants and the Canadian-born population. ASHR-MHs overall and for leading mental health conditions were compared between immigrants and the Canadian-born population, stratified by sex and selected immigration characteristics. Quebec hospitalization data were not available.

Results

Overall, immigrants had lower ASHR-MHs compared to the Canadian-born population. Mood disorders were leading causes of mental health hospitalization for both cohorts. Psychotic, substance-related, and neurocognitive disorders were also leading causes of mental health hospitalization, although there was variation in their relative importance between subgroups. Among immigrants, ASHR-MHs were higher among refugees and lower among economic immigrants, those from East Asia, and those who arrived in Canada most recently.

Conclusion

Differences in hospitalization rates among immigrants from various immigration streams and world regions, particularly for specific types of mental health conditions, highlight the importance of future research that incorporates both inpatient and outpatient mental health services to further understand these relationships.
A Study on Following Behavior Based on the Time Headway
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, Ramezani Khansari Ehsan , Tabibi Masoud ,   Civil Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, Nejad Fereidoon Moghadas ,   Civil Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Published: February 2023

While time headway (TH) is a relatively simple variable and has been well researched, it has been less explored in non-lane-based traffic. The main aim of this paper is considering lateral distance in studying TH in a non-lane-based traffic flow. In this study driving behavior, speed-TH relationship, and the following threshold by using only TH in a non-lane-based flow were investigated. In a novel approach, THs were segmented into five intervals in a step by step manner from smallest to largest THs. Considering lateral distance led to divide driving behavior into intervals (based on the average TH), including: Unsafe (0-0.7 sec), non-lane-based car-following (0.9 sec), lane-based car-following (1.0 sec), overtaking TH (1.3 sec), and free driving (larger than 2.5 sec). It was founded that the TH of starting overtaking maneuver can be a good criterion to distinguish between following and free driving behavior. Also, in lane-based car-following behavior, when lateral distance between the following and preceding vehicles was not considerable, the smallest THs were seen. It has happened around the average speed of the flow as the driver may adopt lower THs because of the tendency to overtaking. Linear relationship was found between TH and lateral distance in non-lane-based car-following conditions. TH of non-lane-based behavior is less than lane-based and smaller THs would force drivers to apply lateral distance or vice versa.