bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reactive oxygen species–mediated switching expression of MMP-3 in stromal fibroblasts and cancer cells during prostate cancer progression
Authors: Hsieh Chia-Ling , Liu Che-Ming , Chen Hsin-An , Yang Shun-Tai , Shigemura Katsumi , Kitagawa Koichi , Yamamichi Fukashi , Fujisawa Masato , Liu Yun-Ru , Lee Wei-Hua , Chen Kuan-Chou , Shen Chia-Ning , Lin Cheng-Chieh , Chung Leland W. K. , Sung Shian-Ying
Published: August 2017

Studies on the aberrant control of extracellular matrices (ECMs) have mainly focused on the role of malignant cells but less on that of stromal fibroblasts during cancer development. Herein, by using paired normal and prostate cancer-associated stromal fibroblasts (CAFs) derived from a coculture cell model and clinical patient samples, we demonstrated that although CAFs promoted prostate cancer growth, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) was lower in CAFs but elevated in prostate cancer cells relative to their normal counterparts. Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide was characterized as the central modulator for altered MMP-3 expression in prostate cancer cells and CAFs, but through different regulatory mechanisms. Treatment of CAFs but not prostate cancer cells with hydrogen peroxide directly inhibited mmp-3 promoter activity with concomitant nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), indicating that NF-κB is the downstream pathway for the transcriptional repression of MMP-3 in CAFs. Hydrogen peroxide reduced thrombospondin 2 (an MMP-3 suppressor) expression in prostate cancer cells by upregulating microRNA-128. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the crucial role of reactive oxygen species in the switching expression of MMP-3 in stromal fibroblasts and prostate cancer cells during tumor progression, clarifying how the tumor microenvironment modulates ECM homeostasis control.
Mutant p53 stimulates cell invasion through an interaction with Rad21 in human ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Ahn Ji-Hye , Kim Tae Jin , Lee Jae Ho , Choi Jung-Hye
Published: August 2017

Missense mutations of TP53 are extremely common, and mutant p53 accumulation and gain-of-function play crucial roles in human ovarian cancer. Here, we investigated the role of mutant p53 in cell migration and invasion as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms in human ovarian cancer cells. Overexpression of mutant p53 significantly increased migration and invasion in p53-null SKOV3 cells. In contrast, knockdown of mutant p53 significantly compromised mutant p53-induced cell migration and invasion. Microarray analysis revealed that several migration/invasion-related genes, including S1PR1 (Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1) and THBS1 (Thrombospodin 1), were significantly upregulated in SKOV3 cells that overexpressed mutant p53-R248 (SKOV3R248). We found that Rad21 is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the migration/invasion-related genes induced by mutant p53-R248. Knockdown of Rad21 significantly attenuated the mutant p53-R248-induced invasion and the expressions of S1PR1 and THBS1. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that mutant p53 interacts with Rad21 and binds to the Rad21-binding elements in the S1PR1 and THBS1 genes. Finally, downregulation of S1PR1 significantly attenuated the invasion driven by mutant p53-R248. These novel findings reveal that mutant p53-R248 maintains gain-of-function activity to stimulate cell invasion and induces the related gene expressions through an interaction with Rad21 in human ovarian cancer cells.
Low Habitual Dietary Calcium and Linear Growth from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey
Authors: Fang Aiping , Li Keji , Li He , Guo Meihan , He Jingjing , Shen Xin , Song Jie
Published: August 2017

Evidences from clinical trials and meta-analyses of calcium supplementation in linear growth have given conflicting results, and few longitudinal studies have investigated the long-term associations between dietary calcium and linear growth, especially in the population with low-calcium plant-based diets. We investigated the prospective associations of low habitual dietary calcium with adult height and height-for-age z-score (HAZ) from adolescence to adulthood among 2019 adolescents from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). The average dietary calcium intakes were 426(standard deviation: 158) mg/d in boys and 355(134) mg/d in girls during adolescence. During a median follow-up of 7.0 (interquartile range: 5.9–9.0) years, boys reached an average of 169.0(6.7) cm and girls reached 158.4(5.8) cm in adulthood. After adjusting for other potential confounders, non-linear regression found that boys with dietary calcium intakes below 327 mg/d had shorter adult stature, and those taking over 566 mg/d had faster height growth whether adjusting for physical exercises level or not. No significant associations were found in girls. Our study suggests that in boys with plant-based diets, higher dietary calcium intake during adolescence is associated with faster height growth, but not with adult height; calcium intake below 300 mg/d may result in shorter adult stature.
Modulation of SOX2 expression delineates an end-point for paclitaxel-effectiveness in breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Mukherjee Pritha , Gupta Arnab , Chattopadhyay Dhrubajyoti , Chatterji Urmi
Published: August 2017

Tumor relapse in triple negative breast cancer patients has been implicated to chemoresistant cancer stem cells (CSCs), which under favorable conditions culminate in tumor re-formation and metastasis. Hence, eradication of CSCs during systemic chemotherapy is imperative. CSCs were sorted using immuno-phenotyping and aldefluor assay. Gene expression profiling of normal breast stem cells and breast CSCs from chemo-treated patients were carried out. Silencing SOX2 was achieved by siRNA method. Mammosphere culture and wound healing assays were carried out to assess efficacy of CSCs. Microarray analysis revealed elevated expression of SOX2, ABCG2 and TWIST1, unraveling an intertwined pluripotency-chemoresistance-EMT axis. Although paclitaxel treatment led to temporary arrest of cell migration, invasiveness resumed after drug removal. The ‘twist in the tale’ was a consistently elevated expression of TWIST1, substantiating that TWIST1 can also promote stemness and chemoresistance in tumors; hence, its eradication was imperative. Silencing SOX2 increased chemo-sensitivity and diminished sphere formation, and led to TWIST1 down regulation. This study eventually established that SOX2 silencing of CSCs along with paclitaxel treatment reduced SOX2-ABCG2-TWIST1 expression, disrupted sphere forming capacity and also reduced invasiveness by retaining epithelial-like properties of the cells, thereby suggesting a more comprehensive therapy for TNBC patients in future.
Dynamic, heterogeneous endothelial Tie2 expression and capillary blood flow during microvascular remodeling
Authors: Kelly-Goss Molly R. , Ning Bo , Bruce Anthony C. , Tavakol Daniel N. , Yi David , Hu Song , Yates Paul A. , Peirce Shayn M.
Published: August 2017

Microvascular endothelial cell heterogeneity and its relationship to hemodynamics remains poorly understood due to a lack of sufficient methods to examine these parameters in vivo at high resolution throughout an angiogenic network. The availability of surrogate markers for functional vascular proteins, such as green fluorescent protein, enables expression in individual cells to be followed over time using confocal microscopy, while photoacoustic microscopy enables dynamic measurement of blood flow across the network with capillary-level resolution. We combined these two non-invasive imaging modalities in order to spatially and temporally analyze biochemical and biomechanical drivers of angiogenesis in murine corneal neovessels. By stimulating corneal angiogenesis with an alkali burn in Tie2-GFP fluorescent-reporter mice, we evaluated how onset of blood flow and surgically-altered blood flow affects Tie2-GFP expression. Our study establishes a novel platform for analyzing heterogeneous blood flow and fluorescent reporter protein expression across a dynamic microvascular network in an adult mammal.
Inhibition of post-transcriptional steps in ribosome biogenesis confers cytoprotection against chemotherapeutic agents in a p53-dependent manner
Authors: Sapio Russell T. , Nezdyur Anastasiya N. , Krevetski Matthew , Anikin Leonid , Manna Vincent J. , Minkovsky Natalie , Pestov Dimitri G.
Published: August 2017

The p53-mediated nucleolar stress response associated with inhibition of ribosomal RNA transcription was previously shown to potentiate killing of tumor cells. Here, we asked whether targeting of ribosome biogenesis can be used as the basis for selective p53-dependent cytoprotection of nonmalignant cells. Temporary functional inactivation of the 60S ribosome assembly factor Bop1 in a 3T3 cell model markedly increased cell recovery after exposure to camptothecin or methotrexate. This was due, at least in part, to reversible pausing of the cell cycle preventing S phase associated DNA damage. Similar cytoprotective effects were observed after transient shRNA-mediated silencing of Rps19, but not several other tested ribosomal proteins, indicating distinct cellular responses to the inhibition of different steps in ribosome biogenesis. By temporarily inactivating Bop1 function, we further demonstrate selective killing of p53-deficient cells with camptothecin while sparing isogenic p53-positive cells. Thus, combining cytotoxic treatments with inhibition of select post-transcriptional steps of ribosome biogenesis holds potential for therapeutic targeting of cells that have lost p53.
Magmatic evolution of a Cordilleran flare-up and its role in the creation of silicic crust
Authors: Ward Kevin M. , Delph Jonathan R. , Zandt George , Beck Susan L. , Ducea Mihai N.
Published: August 2017

The role of magmatic processes as a significant mechanism for the generation of voluminous silicic crust and the development of Cordilleran plateaus remains a lingering question in part because of the inherent difficulty in quantifying plutonic volumes. Despite this difficulty, a growing body of independently measured plutonic-to-volcanic ratios suggests the volume of plutonic material in the crust related to Cordilleran magmatic systems is much larger than is previously expected. To better examine the role of crustal magmatic processes and its relationship to erupted material in Cordilleran systems, we present a continuous high-resolution crustal seismic velocity model for an ~800 km section of the active South American Cordillera (Puna Plateau). Although the plutonic-to-volcanic ratios we estimate vary along the length of the Puna Plateau, all ratios are larger than those previously reported (~30:1 compared to 5:1) implying that a significant volume of intermediate to silicic plutonic material is generated in the crust of the central South American Cordillera. Furthermore, as Cordilleran-type margins have been common since the onset of modern plate tectonics, our findings suggest that similar processes may have played a significant role in generating and/or modifying large volumes of continental crust, as observed in the continents today.
Multiple sources and sinks of dissolved inorganic carbon across Swedish streams, refocusing the lens of stable C isotopes
Authors: Campeau Audrey , Wallin Marcus B. , Giesler Reiner , Löfgren Stefan , Mörth Carl-Magnus , Schiff Sherry , Venkiteswaran Jason J. , Bishop Kevin
Published: August 2017

It is well established that stream dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fluxes play a central role in the global C cycle, yet the sources of stream DIC remain to a large extent unresolved. Here, we explore large-scale patterns in δ13C-DIC from streams across Sweden to separate and further quantify the sources and sinks of stream DIC. We found that stream DIC is governed by a variety of sources and sinks including biogenic and geogenic sources, CO2 evasion, as well as in-stream processes. Although soil respiration was the main source of DIC across all streams, a geogenic DIC influence was identified in the northernmost region. All streams were affected by various degrees of atmospheric CO2 evasion, but residual variance in δ13C-DIC also indicated a significant influence of in-stream metabolism and anaerobic processes. Due to those multiple sources and sinks, we emphasize that simply quantifying aquatic DIC fluxes will not be sufficient to characterise their role in the global C cycle.
A method to generate small-scale, high-resolution sedimentary bedform architecture models representing realistic geologic facies
Authors: Meckel T. A. , Trevisan L. , Krishnamurthy P. G.
Published: August 2017

Small-scale (mm to m) sedimentary structures (e.g. ripple lamination, cross-bedding) have received a great deal of attention in sedimentary geology. The influence of depositional heterogeneity on subsurface fluid flow is now widely recognized, but incorporating these features in physically-rational bedform models at various scales remains problematic. The current investigation expands the capability of an existing set of open-source codes, allowing generation of high-resolution 3D bedform architecture models. The implemented modifications enable the generation of 3D digital models consisting of laminae and matrix (binary field) with characteristic depositional architecture. The binary model is then populated with petrophysical properties using a textural approach for additional analysis such as statistical characterization, property upscaling, and single and multiphase fluid flow simulation. One example binary model with corresponding threshold capillary pressure field and the scripts used to generate them are provided, but the approach can be used to generate dozens of previously documented common facies models and a variety of property assignments. An application using the example model is presented simulating buoyant fluid (CO2) migration and resulting saturation distribution.
Differential response of rat strains to obesogenic diets underlines the importance of genetic makeup of an individual towards obesity
Authors: MN Muralidhar , SMVK Prasad , Battula Kiran Kumar , NV Giridharan , Kalashikam Rajender Rao
Published: August 2017

Obesity, a multifactorial disorder, results from a chronic imbalance of energy intake vs. expenditure. Apart from excessive consumption of high calorie diet, genetic predisposition also seems to be equally important for the development of obesity. However, the role of genetic predisposition in the etiology of obesity has not been clearly delineated. The present study addresses this problem by selecting three rat strains (WNIN, F-344, SD) with different genetic backgrounds and exposing them to high calorie diets. Rat strains were fed HF, HS, and HFS diets and assessed for physical, metabolic, biochemical, inflammatory responses, and mRNA expression. Under these conditions: significant increase in body weight, visceral adiposity, oxidative stress and systemic pro-inflammatory status; the hallmarks of central obesity were noticed only in WNIN. Further, they developed altered glucose and lipid homeostasis by exhibiting insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia and fatty liver condition. The present study demonstrates that WNIN is more prone to develop obesity and associated co-morbidities under high calorie environment. It thus underlines the cumulative role of genetics (nature)﻿ and diet (nurture) towards the development of obesity, which is critical for understanding this epidemic and devising new strategies to control and manage this modern malady.
Resistance mechanisms and fitness of Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis mutants evolved under selection with ciprofloxacin in vitro
Authors: Zhang Chuan-Zhen , Ren Si-Qi , Chang Man-Xia , Chen Pin-Xian , Ding Huan-Zhong , Jiang Hong-Xia
Published: August 2017

The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in resistance mechanisms and fitness of Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) and Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) mutants selected during the evolution of resistance under exposure to increasing ciprofloxacin concentrations in vitro. Mutations in quinolone target genes were screened by PCR. Phenotypic characterization included susceptibility testing by the broth dilution method, investigation of efflux activity and growth rate, and determination of the invasion of human intestinal epithelium cells in vitro. The two Salmonella serotypes exhibited differences in target gene mutations and efflux pump gene expression during the development of resistance. In the parental strains, ST had a competitive advantage over SE. During the development of resistance, initially, the SE strain was more competitive. However, once ciprofloxacin resistance was acquired, ST once again became the more competitive strain. In the absence of bile salts or at 0.1% bile, the growth rate of SE was initially greater than that of ST, but once ciprofloxacin resistance was acquired, ST had higher growth rates. ST strains showed decreased invasion of epithelial cells in 0.1% bile. These data indicate that ciprofloxacin-resistant ST strains are more competitive than ciprofloxacin-resistant SE strains.
Five-partite entanglement generation between two optical frequency combs in a quasi-periodic χ
(2) nonlinear optical crystal
Authors: He Guangqiang , Sun Yu , Hu Linxi , Zhang Renhui , Chen Xikun , Wang Jindong
Published: August 2017

We theoretically prove five-partite entanglement can be produced among modes of two simultaneously generated optical frequency combs via second-order nonlinear interaction in a designed periodically poled lithium niobat (PPLN) crystal. An extendible model is proposed to analyze the entanglement characteristics of generated comb modes by applying van Loock and Furusawa criteria. Our proposal provides a potential approach for generating multipartite entangled states, the so-called cluster states, which are the key resources for quantum computation. Moreover, simultaneously generation of two entangled combs can provide much higher efficiency to generate cluster states.
Nanodiamond arrays on glass for quantification and fluorescence characterisation
Authors: Heffernan Ashleigh H. , Greentree Andrew D. , Gibson Brant C.
Published: August 2017

Quantifying the variation in emission properties of fluorescent nanodiamonds is important for developing their wide-ranging applicability. Directed self-assembly techniques show promise for positioning nanodiamonds precisely enabling such quantification. Here we show an approach for depositing nanodiamonds in pre-determined arrays which are used to gather statistical information about fluorescent lifetimes. The arrays were created via a layer of photoresist patterned with grids of apertures using electron beam lithography and then drop-cast with nanodiamonds. Electron microscopy revealed a 90% average deposition yield across 3,376 populated array sites, with an average of 20 nanodiamonds per site. Confocal microscopy, optimised for nitrogen vacancy fluorescence collection, revealed a broad distribution of fluorescent lifetimes in agreement with literature. This method for statistically quantifying fluorescent nanoparticles provides a step towards fabrication of hybrid photonic devices for applications from quantum cryptography to sensing.
Olfactory bulb neuroproteomics reveals a chronological perturbation of survival routes and a disruption of prohibitin complex during Alzheimer’s disease progression
Authors: Lachén-Montes Mercedes , González-Morales Andrea , Zelaya María Victoria , Pérez-Valderrama Estela , Ausín Karina , Ferrer Isidro , Fernández-Irigoyen Joaquín , Santamaría Enrique
Published: August 2017

Olfactory dysfunction is among the earliest features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although neuropathological abnormalities have been detected in the olfactory bulb (OB), little is known about its dynamic biology. Here, OB- proteome analysis showed a stage-dependent synaptic proteostasis impairment during AD evolution. In addition to progressive modulation of tau and amyloid precursor protein (APP) interactomes, network-driven proteomics revealed an early disruption of upstream and downstream p38 MAPK pathway and a subsequent impairment of Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1)/Protein kinase C (PKC) signaling axis in the OB from AD subjects. Moreover, a mitochondrial imbalance was evidenced by a depletion of Prohibitin-2 (Phb2) levels and a specific decrease in the phosphorylated isoforms of Phb1 in intermediate and advanced AD stages. Interestingly, olfactory Phb subunits were also deregulated across different types of dementia. Phb2 showed a specific up-regulation in mixed dementia, while Phb1 isoforms were down-regulated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). However, no differences were observed in the olfactory expression of Phb subunits in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). To sum up, our data reflect, in part, the missing links in the biochemical understanding of olfactory dysfunction in AD, unveiling Phb complex as a differential driver of neurodegeneration at olfactory level.
Hypoxia regulates RhoA and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in a context-dependent way to control re-differentiation of chondrocytes
Authors: Öztürk Ece , Hobiger Stefanie , Despot-Slade Evelin , Pichler Michael , Zenobi-Wong Marcy
Published: August 2017

Cartilage tissue is avascular and hypoxic which regulates chondrocyte phenotype via stabilization of HIFs. Here, we investigated the role of hypoxia and HIFs in regulation of Rho and canonical Wnt signaling in chondrocytes. Our data demonstrates that hypoxia controls the expression of RhoA in chondrocytes in a context-dependent manner on the culturing conditions. Within a 3D microenvironment, hypoxia suppresses RhoA on which hypoxia-driven expression of chondrogenic markers depends. Conversely, hypoxia leads to upregulation of RhoA in chondrocytes on 2D with a failure in re-expression of chondrogenic markers. Similarly to RhoA, hypoxic regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling depends on the microenvironment. Hypoxia downregulates β-catenin within 3D hydrogels whereas it causes a potent increase on 2D. Hypoxia-induced suppression of canonical Wnt signaling in 3D contributes to the promotion of chondrogenic phenotype as induction of Wnt signaling abrogates the hypoxic re-differentiation of chondrocytes. Inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling via stabilization of Axin2 leads to a synergistic enhancement of hypoxia-induced expression of chondrogenic markers. The effects of hypoxia on Rho and Wnt/β-catenin signaling are HIF-dependent as stabilizing HIFs under normoxia revealed similar effects on chondrocytes. The study reveals important insights on hypoxic signaling of chondrocytes and how hypoxia regulates cellular mechanisms depending on the cellular microenvironment.
Substrate properties modulate cell membrane roughness by way of actin filaments
Authors: Chang Chao-Hung , Lee Hsiao-Hui , Lee Chau-Hwang
Published: August 2017

Cell membrane roughness has been proposed as a sensitive feature to reflect cellular physiological conditions. In order to know whether membrane roughness is associated with the substrate properties, we employed the non-interferometric wide-field optical profilometry (NIWOP) technique to measure the membrane roughness of living mouse embryonic fibroblasts with different conditions of the culture substrate. By controlling the surface density of fibronectin (FN) coated on the substrate, we found that cells exhibited higher membrane roughness as the FN density increased in company with larger focal adhesion (FA) sizes. The examination of membrane roughness was also confirmed with atomic force microscopy. Using reagents altering actin or microtubule cytoskeletons, we provided evidence that the dynamics of actin filaments rather than that of microtubules plays a crucial role for the regulation of membrane roughness. By changing the substrate rigidity, we further demonstrated that the cells seeded on compliant gels exhibited significantly lower membrane roughness and smaller FAs than the cells on rigid substrate. Taken together, our data suggest that the magnitude of membrane roughness is modulated by way of actin dynamics in cells responding to substrate properties.
Evaluation of drug combination for glioblastoma based on an intestine–liver metabolic model on microchip
Authors: Jie Mingsha , Mao Sifeng , Liu Hanyang , He Ziyi , Li Hai-Fang , Lin Jin-Ming
Published: August 2017

Evaluation of drug combination and metabolism by constructing an in vitro intestine–liver–glioblastoma biomimetic model.
Carrier assisted electromembrane extraction based on nonionic lipophilic surfactants for the determination of basic drugs in urine samples
Authors: Aladaghlo Zolfaghar , Fakhari Ali Reza , Hasheminasab Kobra Sadat
Published: August 2017

Herein, an efficient carrier assisted electromembrane extraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis has been proposed for the quantitation of basic drugs (pseudoephedrine and tramadol) in urine samples.
A highly luminescent entangled metal–organic framework based on pyridine-substituted tetraphenylethene for efficient pesticide detection
Authors: Tao Chen-Lei , Chen Bin , Liu Xun-Gao , Zhou Li-Jiao , Zhu Xiao-Li , Cao Jun , Gu Zhi-Guo , Zhao Zujin , Shen Liang , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: August 2017

A tetraphenylethene-based pillared-layered luminescent metal–organic framework with high fluorescence quantum yield can sensitively and quantitatively detect trace pesticide of 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline.
Simultaneous growth of spherical, bipyramidal and wire-like gold nanostructures in solid and solution phases: SERS and electrocatalytic applications
Authors: Gowthaman N. S. K. , John S. Abraham
Published: August 2017

Anisotropic growth of Au nanostructures including bipyramidal and nanowires on ITO substrate was achieved byin situelectrochemical reduction of Au+ions from the growth solution. The AuNS grown ITO substrates were utilized for SERS and electrochemical reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
Theoretical investigation on spin-forbidden cooling transitions of gallium hydride
Authors: Zhang Yun-Guang , Zhang Hua , Song Hai-Yang , Yu You , Wan Ming-Jie
Published: August 2017

The feasibility of laser cooling of gallium hydride is investigated usingab initioquantum chemistry.
Out-of-plane FeII–N4 moiety modified Fe–N co-doped porous carbons as high-performance electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Qian Zhongjie , Hu Zhaowen , Zhang Zhengping , Li Zhilin , Dou Meiling , Wang Feng
Published: August 2017

A Fe–N–C electrocatalyst with active FeII–N4 sites was synthesized exhibiting superior oxygen reduction performance in both alkaline and acidic electrolytes.
Elemental sulfur as a polyvalent reagent in redox condensation with o-chloronitrobenzenes and benzaldehydes: three-component access to 2-arylbenzothiazoles
Authors: Nguyen Le Anh , Ngo Quoc Anh , Retailleau Pascal , Nguyen Thanh Binh
Published: August 2017

Sulfur was found to be a polyvalent reagent in the multicomponent redox condensation witho-chloronitrobenzenes and benzaldehydes to 2-arylbenzothiazoles.
Metal-free oxidative cyclization of 2-aminobenzothiazoles and cyclic ketones enabled by the combination of elemental sulfur and oxygen
Authors: Xie Yanjun , Chen Xiangui , Wang Zhen , Huang Huawen , Yi Bing , Deng Guo-Jun
Published: August 2017

Aerobic cyclization of 2-aminobenzothiazoles and cyclic ketones enabled by the combination of elemental sulfur and oxygen under metal-free conditions.
Nano-flowered Ce@MOR hybrids with modulated acid properties for the vapor-phase dehydration of 1,3-butanediol into butadiene
Authors: Fang Lin , Jing Fangli , Lu Jingya , Hu Bingwen , Pera-Titus Marc
Published: August 2017

A series of Ce@MOR hybrids based on CeOx nanoparticles (1–2.5 nm) encapsulated in mordenite exhibited high catalytic activity and selectivity for the vapor-phase dehydration of 1,3-butanediol into butadiene.
Targeted drug delivery using iRGD peptide for solid cancer treatment
Authors: Liu Xiangsheng , Jiang Jinhong , Ji Ying , Lu Jianqin , Chan Ryan , Meng Huan
Published: August 2017

iRGD-mediated nanoparticle transcytosis in a solid tumor.
A comparative study of the removal of Cr(vi) from synthetic solution using natural biosorbents
Authors: Ahmad Aziz , Ghazi Zahid Ali , Saeed Muhammad , Ilyas Mohammad , Ahmad Rashid , Muqsit Khattak Abdul , Iqbal Azhar
Published: August 2017

This study reports a comparison of the sorption efficiencies of natural biosorbents for the removal of Cr(vi) from aqueous media.
A Prussian blue anode for high performance electrochemical deionization promoted by the faradaic mechanism
Authors: Guo Lu , Mo Runwei , Shi Wenhui , Huang Yinxi , Leong Zhi Yi , Ding Meng , Chen Fuming , Yang Hui Ying
Published: August 2017

Electrochemical deionization as a sustainable process for efficient seawater desalination.
Spinel cobalt–manganese oxide supported on non-oxidized carbon nanotubes as a highly efficient oxygen reduction/evolution electrocatalyst
Authors: Ma Ting , Li Chun , Chen Xiang , Cheng Fangyi , Chen Jun
Published: August 2017

Ultrasmall cobalt–manganese spinel oxide nanoparticles supported on non-oxidized carbon nanotubes were prepared as a highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions.
Divergent synthesis of hydropyridine derivatives via nitrogen-containing Lewis base mediated regioselective [4 + 2] cyclizations
Authors: Jin Hongxing , Li Erqing , Huang You
Published: August 2017

A nitrogen-containing Lewis base mediated regioselective [4 + 2] cyclization strategy between allenic esters and α,β-unsaturated ketimines was discovered.
Effect of talin1 on apoptosis in hepatoma carcinoma cells via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Hu Zhiqiu , Jiang Kai , Chang Qimeng , Zhang Yuhua , Zhou Bing , Zhang Ziping , Tao Ran
Published: August 2017

Talin1 is implicated in many cellular processes, which has been studied in various diseases using molecular biological technology.
A real-time decoding sequencing technology—new possibility for high throughput sequencing
Authors: Pu Dan , Xiao Pengfeng
Published: August 2017

The challenges and corresponding solutions for a decoding sequencing to be compatible with high throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies are provided.
A low-power consumption MZI thermal optical switch with a graphene-assisted heating layer and air trench
Authors: Sun Yue , Cao Yue , Yi Yunji , Tian Liang , Zheng Yao , Zheng Jie , Wang Fei , Zhang Daming
Published: August 2017

Low-power consumption MZI thermal optical switches with graphene-assisted heating layers and air trenches have been designed and simulated.
A metal-free 3C-SiC/g-C3N4 composite with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Xu Hao , Gan Zhixing , Zhou Weiping , Ding Zuoming , Zhang Xiaowei
Published: August 2017

Insufficient visible light absorption and fast recombination of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs have seriously hampered the photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) up to now.
A tunable volatile organic compound sensor by using PtOx/GQDs/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films at room temperature under visible-light activation
Authors: Shao Shaofeng , Chen Yunyun , Huang Shenbei , Jiang Fan , Wang Yunfei , Koehn Ralf
Published: August 2017

Pt/GQDs/TiO2 nanocomposite thin film-based gas sensors show tunable VOC sensing behaviour at room temperature under visible-light activation.
Mercapto functionalized sepiolite: a novel and efficient immobilization agent for cadmium polluted soil
Authors: Liang Xuefeng , Qin Xu , Huang Qingqing , Huang Rong , Yin Xiuling , Wang Lin , Sun Yuebing , Xu Yingming
Published: August 2017

Mercapto functionalized sepiolite (MSEP) as a novel and efficient immobilization agent could reduce the accumulation of Cd in husked rice (Oryza sativaL.) by 65.4–77.9% at trace dosages of 0.1–0.3%.
Manipulation of cytokine secretion in human dendritic cells using glycopolymers with picomolar affinity for DC-SIGN
Authors: Mitchell Daniel A. , Zhang Qiang , Voorhaar Lenny , Haddleton David M. , Herath Shan , Gleinich Anne S. , Randeva Harpal S. , Crispin Max , Lehnert Hendrik , Wallis Russell , Patterson Steven , Becer C. Remzi
Published: August 2017

Dendritic cells bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems and they can be manipulated by star shaped glycopolymers.
Using earth abundant materials for the catalytic evolution of hydrogen from electron-coupled proton buffers
Authors: MacDonald Lewis , McGlynn Jessica C. , Irvine Nicola , Alshibane Ihfaf , Bloor Leanne G. , Rausch Benjamin , Hargreaves Justin S. J. , Cronin Leroy
Published: August 2017

Catalytic hydrogen production from water splitting via electron-coupled proton buffers and earth abundant materials.
Electrospun flexible self-standing Cu–Al2O3 fibrous membranes as Fenton catalysts for bisphenol A degradation
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Jiang , Sun Jianyang , Wang Yanbin , Zhao Xu
Published: August 2017

Flexible Cu–Al2O3 membranes with high Fenton catalytic performance have been fabricated via electrospinning technique.
Direct growth of nickel terephthalate on Ni foam with large mass-loading for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Chen Qiulin , Lei Shuijin , Deng Peiqin , Ou Xiuling , Chen Lianfu , Wang Wei , Xiao Yanhe , Cheng Baochang
Published: August 2017

Nickel terephthalate is grown on Ni foam with high mass-loading and its electrochemical performance can be greatly enhanced by polyaniline electrodeposition.
Surface graphited carbon scaffold enables simple and scalable fabrication of 3D composite lithium metal anode
Authors: Lang Jialiang , Jin Yang , Luo Xinyi , Liu Zhenglian , Song Jianan , Long Yuanzheng , Qi Longhao , Fang Minghao , Li Zhengcao , Wu Hui
Published: August 2017

Carbon nanofibers fabricated at 1200 °C by thermal treatment possess good Li affinity, and therefore can be used for preparing a composite Li anode.
PCBM-blended chlorobenzene hybrid anti-solvent engineering for efficient planar perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yoon Saemon , Ha Min-Woo , Kang Dong-Won
Published: August 2017

A non-polar solvent secondary washing process employing a CBZ + PCBM hybrid solution is suggested during perovskite spin coating. This approach could offer a very uniform topography of the surfaces which contributes to the construction of planar-type perovskite solar cells with enhanced power conversion efficiencies.
Power‐aware speed scaling in multiprocessor systems
Authors: Singh Pawan
Published: August 2017

A huge consumption of energy in the data centres has become a motivation for improvement in computing capability and energy conservation. The dynamic speed scaling and job scheduling are efficient methods to improve the energy efficiency of processors. In this study, an online non‐clairvoyant scheduling algorithm arrival time‐algorithm (At‐ALG) is proposed with an objective to scale the speed of processors and schedule the jobs in a multiprocessor system to minimise the total magnitude‐based/weighted flow time plus energy consumed. The traditional power function is adopted, where is a constant. At‐ALG is analysed, against an offline adversary, using the potential function analysis. The magnitude/weight/priority of jobs in At‐ALG are generated using their processed time (waiting time plus executed time) and speed of any processor depends on the number of active jobs plus sum of processed time of active jobs. At‐ALG is ‐competitive with no resource augmentation.
SiC/Si heterojunction VDMOS breaking silicon limit by breakdown point transfer technology
Authors: Duan Baoxing , Lv Jianmei , Zhao Yihan , Yang Yintang
Published: August 2017

An innovative semiconductor power vertical double‐diffused MOSFET (VDMOS) is proposed for the first time with the SiC/Si heterojunction at the P‐base and N‐drift region (called for SiC/Si VDMOS), which improves the trade‐off between the breakdown voltage (BV) and specific on‐resistance (Ron,sp). The ‘soft’ Si material has been combined with the ‘hard’ SiC material to play their own advantages for SiC/Si VDMOS. The Si has been formed above the 6H‐SiC substrate to make up the channel and source electrode, and the 6H‐SiC is underneath the P‐base to form the SiC/Si heterojunction. The novel terminal technology of breakdown point transfer has been advanced for the first time and applied to SiC/Si VDMOS, which transfers the breakdown point of SiC/Si VDMOS and improve the BV compared with Si VDMOS. The simulated results have been shown that the optimised BV of proposed SiC/Si VDMOS is increased from 226 to 578 V compared with the conventional Si VDMOS with the same drift region length, which is because the breakdown point is transferred from the higher electric field area with the maximum curvature radius to the low electric field area. The simulated Ron,sp of SiC/Si VDMOS is 17.4 mΩ·cm2 with the BV of 578 V, which is lower than that of 41.01 mΩ·cm2 with the BV of 226V in Si VDMOS. The silicon limit relationship has been broken for SiC/Si VDMOS.
Concise Synthesis of Lamellarin Alkaloids by C–H/N–H Activation: Evaluation of Metal Catalysts in Oxidative Alkyne Annulation
Authors: Mei Ruhuai , Zhang Shou-Kun , Ackermann Lutz
Published: August 2017

The performance of various transition-metal catalysts was explored in the step-economical synthesis of naturally occurring lamellarin alkaloids by C–H/N–H activation. The oxidative alkyne annulation proceeded efficiently by using sustainable ruthenium(II) catalysis, which set the stage for a concise synthesis of lamellarin D, lamellarin H and derivatives thereof.
The study about the resistive switching based on graphene/NiO interfaces
Authors: Dai Yuehua , Ma Chengzhi , Zhang Xu , Wang Feifei , Lu Wenjuan , Yang Jin , Yang Fei
Published: August 2017

Six different interfaces namely, armchair Graphene (aGNR), zigzag Graphene (zGNR), and surface defect zigzag Graphene (zGNR1) nanoribbons with uni- and bi-laminar <001>-oriented NiO were studied. First, the Mulliken mean and difference populations, the interface energy, and the interface adhesion energy were calculated by the Cambridge sequential total energy package (CASTEP). The aGNR/NiO interface showed higher interface adhesion energy and Mulliken population mean as compared to the other interface structures (i.e., aGNR/NiO was more compact than the rest of interfaces). Moreover, the lowest interface energy and Mulliken difference population values along with the negligible aberration state clearly revealed aGNR/NiO to be the best interface among those studied herein. Subsequently, the current–voltage (I–V) curves indicate the aGNR/NiO/aGNR device presents memory effect while tracing the path back in the current data, but not switching between positive and negative voltages due to the device unipolar behavior. The mechanism of resistive switching is demonstrated by performing density functional tight binding and much more (DFTB+) dynamics.
Facile transformation of soot nanoparticles into nanoporous fibers via single-step electrospinning
Authors: Lei Tingping , Xiong Jinyu , Huang Junjie , Zheng Tao , Cai Xiaomei
Published: August 2017

A facile technique to transform candle soots into nanoporous fibers via electrospinning of mixed solution of candle soots and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has been demonstrated for the first time. Due to insolubility of soot nanoparticles and good solubility of PVDF polymer in DMF/acetone solvents, the soot molecules are heterogeneously dispersed in the mixed solutions. The selection of an appropriate polymer concentration resulted in a good dispersion of the low-density soot nanoparticles which can be held for electrospinning. The electrospinning experiment shows that soot nanoparticles can be smoothly bonded with PVDF molecules to form nanoporous fibers. The unique superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties of the as-prepared electrospun fibrous membrane were demonstrated by subjecting it to various aqueous liquids and oils. This work provides a simple way to transform low-density nanoparticles into high-performance nanoporous nanofibers, which should broaden the applications of electrospinning.
Facile fabrication of infrared photodetector using metastable vanadium dioxide VO2 (B) nanorod networks
Authors: Hou Jiwei , Wang Beibei , Ding Zejun , Dai Rucheng , Wang Zhongping , Zhang Zengming , Zhang Jianwu
Published: August 2017

Photodetectors find important military and civilian applications, commonly requiring expensive components and exhibiting complex designs. Herein, we report a simple and cost-effective infrared photodetector fabricated using metastable vanadium dioxide VO2 (B) nanorod (NR) networks and exhibiting high photosensitivity, stability, and reproducibility under ambient conditions. We discuss electron transfer processes in NR networks and elucidate the mechanisms of photocurrent generation as well as performance-affecting factors, revealing that the fabricated device can be used as a high-performance infrared light photodetector.
How levels of noise affect phase switching in an inertial majority-vote model
Authors: Kim Meeri
Published: August 2017

A team of physicists clarify the dynamical mechanism of noise-induced phase transition in a generalization of the Ising model.
Fluctuation spectra and force generation in nonequilibrium systems
Authors: Lee Alpha A. , Vella Dominic , Wettlaufer John S.
Published: August 2017

Significance

Understanding force generation in nonequilibrium systems is a significant challenge in statistical and biological physics. We show that force generation in nonequilibrium systems is encoded in their energy fluctuation spectra. In particular, a nonequipartition of energy, which is only possible in active systems, can lead to a nonmonotonic fluctuation spectrum. For a narrow, unimodal spectrum, we find that the force exerted by a nonequilibrium system on two embedded walls depends on the width and the position of the peak in the fluctuation spectrum, and oscillates between repulsion and attraction as a function of wall separation. Our results agree with recent molecular dynamics simulations of active Brownian particles, and shed light on the old riddle of the Maritime Casimir effect.
Angular reconstitution-based 3D reconstructions of nanomolecular structures from superresolution light-microscopy images
Authors: Salas Desirée , Le Gall Antoine , Fiche Jean-Bernard , Valeri Alessandro , Ke Yonggang , Bron Patrick , Bellot Gaetan , Nollmann Marcelo
Published: August 2017

Significance

Superresolution imaging techniques have become an essential tool to study the organization and structure of biological molecules with previously unimagined detail. It is becoming clear, however, that structural heterogeneity, dynamics, and low labeling densities can impede the potential of such technologies. Here, we describe a model-free method based on single-particle reconstruction algorithms to extract 3D isotropic structural information from 2D superresolution images of nanometer-sized supramolecular structures, such as DNA origami or protein complexes. We expect our work will help bridge the gap between superresolution microscopy and conventional electron microscopy.
Tense and mood marking in Xining Mandarin
Authors: Bell Daniel
Published: August 2017

This study presents a corpus-based analysis of the sentential particlelia俩 in Xining Mandarin (Qinghai province, northwest China), which functions both as a future tense marker and as an atemporal marker of affirmative mood. Applying the notion of “aspectually sensitive tenses” (de Swart, 1998), the distribution ofliais explained in terms of the selectional restrictions thatliaplaces upon the aspectual class of its complement. In particular, it is argued thatliafunctions as a future tense marker with dynamic situations, but as a marker of affirmative mood with stative situations.
Metonymy in numerals
Authors: Pannain Rossella
Published: August 2017

By adopting a synchronic/diachronic perspective, the study addresses the role of metonymy in the representation of numerical quantity. This can be observed in: (a) the motivation relating individual numeral forms, as well as the internal organization of the whole numeral sequence, to non-numeric entities involved in actual quantifying procedures; (b) the phenomenon by which certain salient numerosities function asreference points(Langacker, 1993) for other numerical representations within the functional/conceptual domain (Barcelona, 2011) of numerical quantity. First, a metonymic interpretation of a small group of numerals from different linguistic areas is proposed. Subsequently, the study focuses on a class of collective numerals in contemporary standard Italian that are derived from cardinals by means of affixation with-ino. The analysis of these word formations is aimed at demonstrating that metonymic mapping is a prerequisite for derivation, and that the mapping is based on privileged conceptual/pragmatic functions within the domain ofnumerosity.
A cognitive perspective on the semantics of near
Authors: Brenda Maria
Published: August 2017

The present study investigates the semantic structure of the word near assuming that its distinct senses form a semantic network with a prototypical spatial sense at the center and various extended senses at different distances away from the prototype. In order to explain the extensions of near, the cognitive notions of construal, image schema transformation, metaphor and metonymy are taken into consideration. The conceptual blending theory is used to explain the semantic structure of the complex preposition near to. The research reveals that the word near functions as a preposition (also a part of the complex preposition near to), an adverb, an adjective and a verb, and that its semantic structure is best viewed as a continuum encoding both lexical and grammatical information. At the same time, the analysis shows that the polysemy of near is rather impoverished when compared to the polysemies of other spatial prepositions, such as in, on, at or over.
Consolidating the professional identity of translators
Authors: Yoo Taeyoung , Ja Jeong Cheol
Published: August 2017

The literature on translators’ professional identity has focused on role-related factors, such as traits and power, paying little attention to extra-role activities. The present study fills this void by examining the role of citizenship behaviors in consolidating the translators’ professional identity. The regression analysis of the survey data on 352 translators and interpreters in South Korea shows that citizenship behaviors inside and outside of the profession, such as voluntary services in community events or at a professional association of translators, positively affect their identity. It is also noteworthy that citizenship behaviors, particularly those within the profession, partly moderate the influence of trait factors such as master’s degree and income on identity. This study indicates that participation in social activities beyond the boundaries of one’s translation job can benefit both individual professionals and the professional group as a whole, reinforcing professional identity. This will ultimately contribute to society, in addition to the profession.
A corpus-based study of semantic differences in translation
Authors: Vandevoorde Lore , Lefever Els , Plevoets Koen , De Sutter Gert
Published: August 2017

This paper presents a corpus-driven, statistical method for the visualization of semantic structure, thereby tackling the under-researched issue of semantics in corpus-based Translation Studies. We aim to investigate the influence of translation on the structure of semantic fields and in particular the extent to which the structure of the semantic field of inchoativity differs between original, non-translated Dutch and translated Dutch. The visualizations of the semantic field of inchoativity show that translated Dutch indeed differs from non-translated Dutch on the semantic level. Based on the exploration of the semantic fields, we furthermore formulate some hypotheses concerning the presence of the so-called universal tendencies of translation on the semantic level.