bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Researches about the Decontamination Process of Soils Polluted with Hydrocarbons by Applying the Bioremediation Method - Partial Results
Authors: HENING Helga , VIDICAN Roxana
Published: December 2021

In Romania there are many lands polluted with hydrocarbons, which require decontamination, as they have a significant impact upon the environment and upon the human health. From the decontamination methods, the bioremediation process seems to be quite effective and at the same time it involves low costs. The microorganisms have a very diverse range of metabolic activities for the decomposition of organic compounds that exist in nature. Among the bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to have the best capacity to degrade hydrocarbons. The research activities in respect of the identification of the current pollution condition with hydrocarbons of the soil and groundwater, the exact delimitation of the polluted area which requires decontamination were performed in 2010, on Titu site (in DÃ¢mboviÅ£a county), a former oil products warehouse, but we also took into consideration the previous investigations (2006, 2009). On the soil and groundwater samples we carried out TPH, BTEX, and PAH tests. Following the interpretation of the tests results, taking into consideration the Order 756/1997, in case of soil, respectively the â€œDutch Listâ€ in case of groundwater it was found a significant exceeding of the limit values. As we knew the pollution concentrations specific to the soil, the exposure ways and the receivers exposed to the effects, the risk assessment study was performed with the help of the RBCA software application (RBCA Tool Kit 1.3a). The risk assessment study showed the necessity of soil and groundwater decontamination on Titu site, as it is risky both for the environment and for the human health. The soil volume we identified to require decontamination was 3.290 compact m3 and the groundwater volume to decontaminate was 3.584 m3.
Reducing the Loss of Nitrogen in Athmosphere by Granular Urea
Authors: VIDICAN Roxana , ROTAR Ioan , PLEȘA Anca , STOIAN Vlad , PĂCURAR Florin
Published: December 2021

One of the main objectives for the future agriculture is to achieve high crop yields but also to maintain and improve soil quality. In 1995, the European Fertilizer Manufacturers Association (EFMA) prepared eight Booklets on Best Available Techniques (BAT) in response to the proposed EU Directive on integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC Directive). In this Booklet it is show that ammonium nitrate is used extensively as a nitrogenous fertilizer. It is made exclusively by the reaction between gaseous ammonia and aqueous nitric acid, the production of which are covered in EFMA BAT Booklets 1 and 2 respectively. Reseeding of grassland may increase the mineralisation of organic material and lead to a greater amount of mineral nitrogen in soil, which can be leached during the winter-period.
Effects of water scarcity and salinity on the anatomy of the Tunisian table olive cultivar ‘Meski’
Authors: SAIDANA NAIJA Dhouha , BEN MANSOUR GUEDDES Samia , BRAHAM Mohamed
Published: December 2021

The table olive cultivar ‘Meski’ was subjected to two stresses related to water, scarcity, and salinity. Anatomical adaptations of leaves, stems and roots were studied and compared, to value the water use efficiency of the tree. Two stress levels were adopted corresponding to moderate and severe levels. Thus, the trees behaviour was influenced by the stress type and intensity. The aerial part of the trees showed more adaptation modes than the underground part. Under both stresses, plants have fortified the protection of the leaf tissues by developing upper envelope and multiplying the trichomes. Plants reinforced the support tissues by multiplying the collenchyma and sclereids, and have amplified the transport tissues by enhancing vascularity through multiplying the number of conductive vessels. However, different behaviours seemed to be specific to each stress such an enlargement of liber and reduction of wood in the drought stress and a restriction of liber and wood tissues in salt stress. Additionally, a retraction of the palisade parenchyma and an extension of the spongy parenchyma in drought stress inversely to salt stress were noted. In the treated stems and roots, development of stomata, suber, pericyclic fiber and liber, and a restriction of wood especially in severe stress were observed. The plants developed important changes in moderate stresses; however, in the severe, the plants seemed to be stressed, by presenting no significant changes relatively to the control.
The effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the relative expression of catalase, P450, SOD, diTDS and WRKY genes of Vitex agnus-castus L.
Authors: MOSHIRIAN FARAHI Seyed M. , IRANBAKHSH Alireza , MAHMOODZADEH Homa , EBADI Mostafa
Published: December 2021

Each environmental factor is able to change the way genes are expressed. Application of nanoparticles also affects the expression of different genes in plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three different concentration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, TiO2 (zero, 200 and 800 micrograms per milliliter) on the relative expression of catalase, P450, SOD, diTDS and WRKY genes in Vitex plant leaf tissue using qRT- PCR. Plant cultivation was carried out in 2018 in the greenhouse of Islamic Azad University of Mashhad. The experiment was arranged as completely random design with 5 replications. XRD measurements showed that applied TiO2 nanoparticles were in the form of anatase. Statistical analysis of gene expression in treated leaves of Vitex plant with TiO2 nanoparticles showed that this nanoparticle significantly affected the expression of catalase, P450, SOD, diTPS and WRKY genes. A concentration of 800 micrograms per milliliter of TiO2 nanoparticle increased the expression of catalase, P450, SOD and WRKY genes and decreased the expression of diTPS gene. In contrast, concentrations of 200 micrograms per milliliter only increased the expression of catalase and WRKY genes. The expression of the diTPS gene under treatments of 200 and 800 micrograms per liter of TiO2, compared with control, decreased by 2.1 and 0.46, respectively. Overall, the nanoparticle was able to influence the expression of genes in the biosynthetic pathway of terpenoids, as well as the plant's antioxidant enzymes, depending on the concentration of nanoparticles.
Agronomic and genetic approaches for enhancing tolerance to heat stress in rice: a review
Authors: RASHEED Adnan , SELEIMAN Mahmoud F. , NAWAZ Muhammad , MAHMOOD Athar , ANWAR Muhammad RIZWAN , AHSIN AYUB Muhammad , AAMER Muhammad , EL-ESAWI Mohamed A. , EL-HARTY Ehab H. , BATOOL Maria , HASSAN Muhammad U. , WU Ziming , LI Huijie
Published: December 2021

Rice is an important cereal crop worldwide that serves as a dietary component for half of the world’s population. Climate change, especially global warming is a rising threat to crop production and food security. Therefore, enhancing rice growth and yield is a crucial challenge in stress-prone environments. Frequent episodes of heat stress threaten rice production all over the world. Breeders and agronomists undertake several techniques to ameliorate the adverse effects of heat stress to safeguard global rice production. The selection of suitable sowing time application of plant hormones, osmoprotectants and utilization of appropriate fertilizers and signaling molecules are essential agronomic practices to mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress on rice. Likewise, developing genotypes with improved morphological, biochemical, and genetic attributes is feasible and practical way to respond to this challenge. The creation of more genetic recombinants and the identification of traits responsible for heat tolerance could allow the selection of early-flowering cultivars with resistance to heat stress. This review details the integration of several agronomic, conventional breeding, and molecular approaches like hybridization, pure line selection, master-assisted-selection (MAS), transgenic breeding and CRRISPR/Cas9 that promise rapid and efficient development and selection of heat-tolerant rice genotypes. Such information’s could be used to determine the future research directions for rice breeders and other researchers working to improve the heat tolerance in rice.
Continuous monocropping highly affect the composition and diversity of microbial communities in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: MALLANO Ali I. , ZHAO Xianli , SUN Yanling , JIANG Guangpin , CHAO Huang
Published: December 2021

Continuous cropping systems are the leading cause of decreased soil biological environments in terms of unstable microbial population and diversity index. Nonetheless, their responses to consecutive peanut monocropping cycles have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, the structure and abundance of microbial communities were characterized using pyrosequencing-based approach in peanut monocropping cycles for three consecutive years. The results showed that continuous peanut cultivation led to a substantial decrease in soil microbial abundance and diversity from initial cropping cycle (T1) to later cropping cycle (T3). Peanut rhizosphere soil had Actinobacteria, Protobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes as the major bacterial phyla. Ascomycota, Basidiomycota were the major fungal phylum, while Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota were the most dominant phyla of archaea. Several bacterial, fungal and archaeal taxa were significantly changed in abundance under continuous peanut cultivation. Bacterial orders, Actinomycetales, Rhodospirillales and Sphingomonadales showed decreasing trends from T1>T2>T3. While, pathogenic fungi Phoma was increased and beneficial fungal taxa Glomeraceae decreased under continuous monocropping. Moreover, Archaeal order Nitrososphaerales observed less abundant in first two cycles (T1&T2), however, it increased in third cycle (T3), whereas, Thermoplasmata exhibit decreased trends throughout consecutive monocropping. Taken together, we have shown the taxonomic profiles of peanut rhizosphere communities that were affected by continuous peanut monocropping. The results obtained from this study pave ways towards a better understanding of the peanut rhizosphere soil microbial communities in response to continuous cropping cycles, which could be used as bioindicator to monitor soil quality, plant health and land management practices.
“Yo he de matar a mi padre, / y a mi madre”: las voces femeninas transgresoras
Authors: Masera Mariana
Published: December 2021

Entre los personajes que se destacan y han permanecido a lo largo de los siglos en la literatura de cordel, en especial en los impresos tremendistas, son las jóvenes mujeres enamoradas que se transforman en parricidas a causa de una boda o relación estorbadas. El conflicto amoroso desata una serie de crímenes que finalizan con el castigo y arrepentimiento de la protagonista. En este artículo abordo el estudio de las voces femeninas de las mujeres cuya transgresión consiste en un delito que se comete en el ámbito familiar, el parricidio, desde una perspectiva comparatista diacrónica de pliegos españoles y hojas volantes mexicanas, comprendidas entre los siglos XVI y XIX.
Clinical characteristics of patients with chronic migraine, depending on their personality profile
Authors: Baiushkina Liudmila I.
Published: December 2021

Background: Chronic migraine is a highly disabling neurological disease that is difficult to treat. The success of the therapeutic management depends, in part, on the psychosocial and personal factors.
Aims: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients suffering from chronic migraine, depending on the prevailing coping strategy of the individual.
Methods: 104 patients with an established diagnosis of chronic migraine were examined, all of them underwent а clinical and neurological examination and questionnaire testing.
Results: In the studied group of patients, active behavioral coping strategies (a strategy for solving the problem and seeking a social support) prevailed, while passive coping was much less common. The patients with active coping strategies had the lowest level of comorbid psychoemotional disorders.
Conclusion: The patients with passive coping strategies had a shorter medical history and the least severe effect of migraine, but the frequency of headaches and time lost due to headaches for these patients were comparable to those for the patients with active coping strategies.
Diagnosing and Treating Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Cardiovascular Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Healthcare: Is Training of Physicians Enough for Improvement?
Authors: Karpenko Olga A. , Melikhov Oleg G. , Tyazhelnikov Andrej A. , Kostyuk Georgiy P.
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION: Common mental disorders anxiety and depression are prevalent among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) and can negatively influence treatment outcomes and healthcare expenses. Despite the importance of management of depression and anxiety in primary care facilities, the diagnostics and treatment of these disorders remain insufficient in the Russian Federation.
AIM: To explore whether the rates of referrals to psychiatrists and indicated pharmacological treatment received due to depression or anxiety among patients with CVD and DM will significantly change in primary healthcare facilities after the training of primary care physicians (PCPhs) to deal with comorbid depression and anxiety (including the algorithm for referral to a psychiatrist).
METHODS: Patients in primary care outpatient settings with diagnoses of CVD and DM passed screening on anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and information about the indicated treatment for anxiety or depression was collected when present (Sample 1: n=400). The educational programme for PCPhs on the diagnostics of anxiety and depression was then performed, and PCPhs were instructed to refer patients with HADS 7 to a psychiatrist. After the training, the second sample was collected (Sample 2: n=178) using the same assessments as for Sample 1. The independent expert (psychiatrist) evaluated whether the patients had received the indicated pharmacological treatment according to the screening criteria used in the study for anxiety and depression for both samples.
RESULTS: The proportions of patients with borderline abnormal and abnormal HADS scores (7) were 365 (91.2%) and 164 (92.1%) in Sample 1 and Sample 2, respectively. In Sample 1, among patients with HADS 7, 119 (29.8%) received psychopharmacological treatment, but in only 46 (38.7%) cases was it indicated in compliance with the screening criteria. In Sample 2, among patients with HADS 7, 59 (33.1%) received psychopharmacological treatment, and in only 14 (23.7%) cases was it indicated in compliance with the screening criteria. The differences in the indicated pharmacological treatment were not statistically significant, and no one from Sample 2 with HADS 7 met a psychiatrist through PCPh referral.
CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and depression are prevalent in patients with CVD and DM treated in primary care facilities, but these patients may not be receiving the indicated pharmacological treatment. Barriers to referral and the use of psychiatric consultation exist despite the focused training of PCPhs and the straightforward referral protocol provided.
Bench testing of hybrid ems prototype
Authors: Akulitzky Sergey G. , Amoskov Victor M. , Arslanova Darya N. , Belov Andrei A. , Vyacheslav N. Vasiliev , Gavrilov Sergey V. , Deomidov Valery V. , Zaytzev Anatoly A. , Kaparkova Marina V. , Korotkov Roman V. , Kukhtin Vladimir P. , Labusov Alexey N. , Lamzin Evgeny A. , Larionov Mikhail S. , Makhankov Nicolai A. , Nezhentzev Andrey N. , Ovsyannikov Dmitry A. , Rodin Igor Yu. , Sytchevsky Sergey E. , Sukhanova Maria V. , Shatil Nicolai A. , Shkulepa Alexander A. , Firsov Alexey A.
Published: December 2021

Aim: To test the levitation performance of a hybrid EMS prototype.
Materials and Methods: a levitation test setup with a 18 mm thick steel rail was constructed on a basis of the certified test bench 1958U-10-1 for measurement in the range up to 100 kN. The attractive force was investigated by varying the air gap size and coil current. Measured data were compared with parametric simulations.
Results: Experimental and numerical results agreed with the accuracy required for practical application.
Conclusions: A prototype of hybrid EMS (HEMS) for maglev transport has been designed, built, and tested at JSC NIIEFA. The HEMS concept has an advantage of reduced power loss and low stray field. The bench testing has proved good levitation performance and low power consumption of the proposed design. The measured data were used to check design solutions and verify 3D numerical models of the magnets. The comparison demonstrated a good match between measurements and simulations.
Transport systems load-bearing structures state diagnistics and monitoring
Authors: Yashnov Andrey N. , Vasilchuk Lyubov A. , Kuzmenkov Pavel Yu. , Chaplin Ivan V.
Published: December 2021

Aim: To provide the study and control of the stress-strain state of load-bearing structures during the operation of magnetolevitation transport systems.
Methods: Experimental and theoretical studies of dynamic parameters.
Results: To assess the stress-strain state of the main load-bearing structures of magnetolevitation transport systems using string superstructure it is proposed to measure the natural vibration frequencies.
Conclusion: The organization of diagnostics or monitoring of changes in the natural vibration frequencies of load-bearing structures ensures the operational reliability of load-bearing structures for Maglev.
Tariff policy offers on the line of magnetic levitation transport
Authors: Fedorova Maria V.
Published: December 2021

Background: The transport interchange hub meets its fundamental function - the concentration and organization of traffic flows of various types of transport, including individual and passenger transfers, and is of a utilitarian nature. One of the possible solutions is to place not just transfer complexes, but multi-storey structures of this kind. Where the first floor is a distribution pedestrian level, the main task of which is to ensure the transfer of passengers in a comfortable environment. On the next level there are objects of passing passenger service, the three upper floors are "intercepting" parking. With the urban area adjacent to the node, communications are provided through underground pedestrian crossings.
Aim: The commissioning of maglev transport lines in places of concentration of growing passenger traffic, which will help to reduce travel time, meet freight needs, improve the quality and increase travel safety when driving on dedicated lanes. At the same time, it is necessary to integrate maglev transport into the transport system of cities.
Method: The article defines the goals and objectives of the placement of transport interchange complexes. The article presents a methodology for assessing the location of transport hubs, which consists of three stages.
Results: At the first stage, in accordance with the proposed methodology, it is necessary to carry out an integrated assessment of the territories under consideration in order to determine the prospects for their development. At the second stage, it is necessary to analyze the existing transport infrastructure in the region, providing passenger traffic in order to identify areas with the greatest transport accessibility, both in the current period and in the future. At the third stage, on the basis of logistic criteria, the analysis of the transport network in the areas with the highest passenger flows is carried out.
Miscellanea in the Brāhmī Script from the Berezovsky and Krotkov Collections (IOM, RAS) with an Appendix: ВФ-4190
Authors: Lundysheva Olga V. , Maue Dieter , Wille Klaus
Published: December 2021

The main part of this article provides a complete edition (description, transliteration, transcription, preliminary translation, annotation as well as the reproduction of the photographs) of forty-two fragments in different languages, circulated along the northern Silk Road, today in the territory of modern Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (PR China) in pre-Mongolian times: Sanskrit, Tocharian A/B, Old Uyghur [hereafter: Uyghur]. Their common feature is the use of the standard North Turkestan Brāhmī and its Tocharian and Uyghur varieties. In terms of content, the fragments include extracts from Buddhist texts such as Abhidharmadīpavibhāṣaprabhāvr̥tti, Prajāpāramitā, Prasādapratibhodbhava, Prātimokṣasūtra, Pravāraṇasūtra, Saṃyuktāgama, Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra, Udānavarga. There are also some Tocharian B document fragments. Several of these texts are found on the back of Chinese scrolls. The Chinese texts have been identified. Where possible, a reconstruction of the relevant section of the scroll has been added. An introduction provides general background information. The lexis of the edited manuscripts is given in concordances.
Recalibration of the Local Magnitude (ML) Scale for Earthquakes in the Yellowstone Volcanic Region
Authors: Holt James , Pechmann James C. , Koper Keith D.
Published: December 2021

The Yellowstone volcanic region is one of the most seismically active areas in the western United States. Assigning magnitudes (M) to Yellowstone earthquakes is a critical component of monitoring this geologically dynamic zone. The University of Utah Seismograph Stations (UUSS) has assigned M to 46,767 earthquakes in Yellowstone that occurred between 1 January 1984 and 31 December 2020. Here, we recalibrate the local magnitude (ML) distance and station corrections for the Yellowstone volcanic region. This revision takes advantage of the large catalog of earthquakes and an increase in broadband stations installed by the UUSS since the last ML update in 2007. Using a nonparametric method, we invert 7728 high-quality, analyst-reviewed amplitude measurements from 1383 spatially distributed earthquakes for 39 distance corrections and 20 station corrections. The inversion is constrained with four moment magnitude (Mw) values determined from time-domain inversion of regional-distance broadband waveforms by the UUSS. Overall, the new distance corrections indicate relatively high attenuation of amplitudes with distance. The distance corrections decrease with hypocentral distance from 3 km to a local minimum at 80 km, rise to a broad peak at 110 km, and then decrease again out to 180 km. The broad peak may result from superposition of direct arrivals with near-critical Moho reflections. Our ML inversion doubles the number of stations with ML corrections in and near the Yellowstone volcanic region. We estimate that the additional station corrections will nearly triple the number of Yellowstone earthquakes that can be assigned an ML. The new ML distance and station corrections will also reduce uncertainties in the mean MLs for Yellowstone earthquakes. The new MLs are ∼0.07 (±0.18) magnitude units smaller than the previous MLs and have better agreement with 12 Mws (3.15–4.49) determined by the UUSS and Saint Louis University.
Özel Eğitimde Geçmişten Günümüze Hak Savunucular Olarak Aileler
Authors: PAMUK Havva , MELEKOĞLU Meral
Published: December 2021

Özel gereksinimi olan çocuğun ailelerinin sahip oldukları özellikler ve çocuklarının gelişim süreci içerisinde üstlendikleri roller, çocuklarının gelişimi ve eğitim süreci için oldukça önemlidir. Bu rollerden biri olan hak savunuculuk rolü ise özel gereksinimi olan çocukların ihtiyaç duydukları hizmetlere erişebilmeleri açısından anahtar niteliğinde görülmektedir. Bu sebeple, bu makale içerisinde özel gereksinimi olan çocuğa sahip ailelerin işlevleri, rolleri ve özellikle hak savunuculuk rolü üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca tarihsel bağlamda, özellikle Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Türkiye’de özel gereksinimi olan çocuğa sahip ailelerin hak savunuculuk rolleriyle ilişkili olarak attıkları adımlar ve bu konuda güncel olarak ailelere destek ve hizmet sağlayan programlar ele alınmıştır. Özel gereksinimi olan çocuklar günümüzde ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde halen istendik düzeyde özel eğitim hizmetlerine erişim konusunda sorunlar yaşamaktadır. Bu çocukların eğitsel ihtiyaçları yeterince karşılanamamakta ve toplumsal kabul düzeyleri konusunda olumsuz tutumlarla karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Dolayısıyla, olumsuz durumlarla baş edebilmeleri, iyi bir yaşam şartlarının oluşturulması, toplumsal ve politik engellerin ortadan kaldırılması ve tam bir fırsat eşitliğinin sağlanması için savunuculuk rolünün aileler tarafından etkili bir şekilde kullanılmasına gereksinim duyulmaktadır.
Sex and age impact prevalence and symptoms of vasovagal syncope: Implications for accurate diagnosis
Authors: Gregson Hailey , Ivkov Ana
Published: December 2021

Syncope is characterized by the transient loss of consciousness followed by spontaneous recovery. The mechanism which underlies this condition is reduced blood flow to the brain [1]. Vasovagal syncope, often termed reflex syncope, is the most common type of syncope [1]. Vasovagal Syncope is caused by the abnormal autonomic reflex to certain stimuli such as pain, micturition/defecation, fear, seeing blood, etc., which results in vasodilation and often times, bradycardia [1].
Advantages and disadvantages of cantilever bridges
Authors: Bukhari Meisan Ali , Fatani Ola Hisham , Alrifai Juman Alhusain , Kabli Safa Wajdi , Alhomood Manar Ali , Alnomani Mona Hassan , Saber Abdullah Musri Al Abu , Alghafis Bayan Abdulaziz , Alkhalifah Abdulaziz Musaad , Alghaythi Khalid Shami , Alshaikh Ali Bakr
Published: December 2021

Utilizing cantilever bridges to perform fixed partial prostheses has been reported in the literature based on the increasing demands in this field to improve the outcomes and relieve extensive therapeutic approaches associated with complete oral rehabilitation. The current evidence indicates that cantilever bridges can effectively replace missing teeth with more favorable outcomes than removable partial dentures. However, evidence also shows that decreasing the number and size of cantilevered pontics and increasing abutment teeth are necessary to enhance the outcomes. Furthermore, if the occlusion is harmonious and stable, it has been demonstrated that cantilever bridges can be applied with the minimal periodontal ligament, which adds to its favorable outcomes. However, it should be noted that cantilever bridges are not applicable for all patients as it needs proper oral health status to be installed. Besides, it might also be associated with complications that may lead to failure. Therefore, further studies are still needed.
Avaliação de valores sociomorais em professores de uma rede municipal de educação
Authors: Moro Adriano , Vivaldi Flávia Maria de Campos
Published: December 2021

O presente estudo objetivou identificar as perspectivas sociais de juízo moral dos docentes do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de ensino de uma cidade do interior de Minas Gerais. Utilizou-se, em plataforma digital, a escala de avaliação de adesão aos valores sociomorais de justiça, respeito, solidariedade e convivência democrática, elaborada e validada por uma instituição de pesquisas educacionais. Os resultados apontaram uma perspectiva social predominantemente normativa por parte dos docentes. Com base em tais resultados, o programa de formação oferecido à rede municipal deve contemplar estudos sobre educação em valores morais que possibilitem também aos profissionais avanços em suas perspectivas sociomorais.
Rubricas: avaliação de desempenho orientada às competências na educação superior
Authors: Nicola Rosane de Mello Santo , Amante Lúcia
Published: December 2021

O artigo visa a descrever a mediação por rubricas na avaliação de desempenho, produção e procedimentos dos estudantes, relacionados a uma dada competência. Fundamenta-se na abordagem edumétrica, reconhecidamente mais justa para a avaliação de competências, por sua função formadora. Expõem-se aspectos dessa nova cultura de avaliação, bem como critérios de avaliação, níveis qualitativos e estratégia de atribuição de nota por meio de rubricas. Apresenta-se um estudo de caso de construção de rubrica por um professor de educação superior e sua reformulação sob orientação de uma das autoras, com base na dimensão consistência de um modelo de design de avaliação pedagógica em contexto digital. Reflete-se sobre a necessidade de apoio técnico ao docente para a construção de rubricas no modelo proposto.
Interactions between Conditional Cash Transfers and Preferred Secondary Schools in Jamaica
Authors: Beuermann Diether , Ramos Bonilla Andrea , Stampini Marco
Published: December 2021

We explore whether the academic benefit from attending a preferred secondary school differs between beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of the Jamaican Conditional Cash Transfer Program, Programme of Advancement through Health and Education (PATH). The academic outcomes assessed include end of secondary and post-secondary high-stakes examinations independently administered by the Caribbean Examinations Council. Among girls, receiving PATH benefits before secondary school enrollment does not influence the academic gains from attending a more selective school. However, boys who received PATH benefits prior to secondary school enrollment benefit significantly less from subsequently attending a more selective school with respect to comparable peers who did not receive PATH benefits. These results suggest negative dynamic interactions between PATH and selective secondary schools among boys.
Impactos do Gerenciamento de Resultados em Instabilidade Política: Evidências em Empresas Brasileiras
Authors: Sobrinho Erica Juvercina , Penedo Antonio Sergio Torres , Pereira Vinicius Silva
Published: December 2021

Muitos estudos para mercados desenvolvidos concluíram que empresas relatam ganhos inflacionados por accruals (manipulação de ganhos por meio da exploração do critério contábil) ou atividades reais. Tais práticas parecem ser especialmente em torno de eventos políticos importantes. Este estudo objetiva verificar a influência do gerenciamento de resultados, por meio dos accruals discricionários, no retorno anormal dos ativos financeiros de empresas listadas na B3 em período de instabilidade política (impeachment). Utilizaram-se testes paramétrico e não paramétrico no período entre 2014 e 2018. Para verificar se o gerenciamento de resultados tende a aumentar o lucro com maior intensidade no primeiro ano anterior ao evento (H1b), o teste T não confirma se esse gerenciamento ocorre antes ou depois da instabilidade (H1a), porém aponta o gerenciamento de resultados com tendência de redução no ano do impeachment. Ao aplicar dados em painel, não é explicitado se as empresas envolvidas no gerenciamento de resultados em períodos de instabilidade política apresentam retorno anormal ruim (H2). Os resultados mostram que a instabilidade política foi rapidamente compreendida pelo mercado financeiro de forma a praticamente anular a assimetria informacional que poderia gerar elevados níveis de gerenciamento.
Caracterización de fincas hortícolas en Cerro Punta, Chiriquí, Panamá
Authors: Herrera Rito , Collantes Rubén , Caballero Martín , Pittí Javier
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to characterize horticultural farms in Cerro Punta, Highlands– Chiriqui; about socioeconomic and agri-environmental aspects, with emphasis on the pesticides used, Panama. About 31 farms were randomly selected and producers were surveyed. In addition, a random soil sampling was carried out in five locations, to proceed with the physical-chemical analysis and pesticide residues analysis, such as organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids and organochlorines. According to the results, 48% of those surveyed are between 41 and 55 years old, with education at the primary level in 39% of cases and 55% belong to farmers associations. The five main crops are potatoes, carrots, cabbage, lettuce and onion and 26% carry out animal husbandry. The production costs were variable, from less than USD 3500 to more than USD 14 000 per hectare per year; the yield ranged from 3.68 t. ha-1 to 52.62 t. ha-1; associated with the implemented technologies. About 77% of the producers use untreated chicken manure and 36 different pesticides are used in the area. The 52% of the farmers use complete personal protective equipment. Regarding the laboratory analysis, the soils have a loamy-sandy texture, with a pH between 5.7 and 6.5, organic matter content between 1.34% and 4.34% and the Effective Cation Exchange Capacity between 8.04 and 26.75.
Identification of Factors Affecting Decisions to Adopt Pesticides at Lowland Rice Farms in Indonesia
Authors: Effendy  , Antara Made , Muhardi  , Pellokila Marthen Robinson , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo
Published: December 2021

Pesticides have been widely adopted in the farming industry to control weeds, pests, and diseases in order to minimize yield losses and maintain the quality of lowland rice products; however, farmers often over-apply pesticides. This study analyzed key factors that affected the decision of lowland rice farmers in adopting pesticides and the frequency of pesticide application. A double-hurdle model was used to estimate the factors that affected the decisions of farmers to adopt pesticides and determine the frequency of pesticide application. These results demonstrate that the adoption of pesticides was high (86%) at lowland rice farms in the study area. Lowland rice farmers were found to apply pesticides an average of eight times. Gender, age, education level, access to extension, farming experience, and access to credit significantly affected the decisions of farmers to adopt pesticides in controlling weeds, pests, and diseases at lowland rice farms. The independent variable also significantly affected the frequency of pesticide application. Towards the goal, government and non-government organizations had to increase human resources through education, agricultural extension services to young farmers had to be improved. Specifically, extension material was provided on environmentally-friendly methods of controlling weeds, pests, and diseases and other alternatives to reduce the use of pesticides at lowland rice farms.
Krystyna Żywulska, parade gojka. O dwóch językach polskiej kultury po Zagładzie
Authors: Szczepan Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest lektura wspomnień obozowych Krystyny Żywulskiej Przeżyłam Oświęcim jako marańskiego świadectwa Zagłady, a równocześnie zapisu „dwóch języków” (G. Niziołek) powojennej kultury polskiej: ofiary i świadka Zagłady. Wspomnienia obozowe pisarki (1946), napisane z perspektywy reprezentantki polskiej inteligencji katolickiej, zestawione zostają z jej drugą książką – Pustą wodą (1963), w której autorka opisała swoje doświadczenia Żydówki w getcie warszawskim. Interpretacja Przeżyłam Oświęcim jako marańskiego świadectwa obejmuje analizę, po pierwsze, strategii kamuflażu i mimikry służących Żywulskiej do konstruowania nieżydowskiej biografii na kartach wspomnień; po drugie – narracyjnych spięć żydowskich i nieżydowskich losów, które kreuje Żywulska, aby w ten sposób opisać kontrfaktyczną historię swojego życia.
Krajobraz ruderalny (po)wojennej Warszawy
Authors: Wróbel-Bardzik Karolina
Published: December 2021

Artykuł dotyczy przemian ekologicznych w okupowanej i tużpowojennej Warszawie. Największy wpływ miały na nie takie wydarzenia, jak kampania wrześniowa, powstanie w getcie oraz powstanie warszawskie. Bombardowania, pożary i walki zbrojne przyczyniały się do degradacji przestrzeni. W ciągu zaledwie kilku lat tkanka miejska przeszła ogromne przeobrażenia, także w znaczeniu przyrodniczym. Autorka definiuje (po)wojenny krajobraz ruderalny, w którym zawierały się dwa przeciwstawne zjawiska: destrukcja współistniała z procesami witalnymi.
Common Worlding Pedagogies: Opening Up to Learning with Worlds
Authors: Taylor Affrica , Zakharova Tatiana , Cullen Maureen
Published: December 2021

Common worlding is a collective pedagogical approach. It is also a deliberate move to open up education to worlds beyond narrow human preoccupations and concerns and beyond its standard framing as an exclusively social practice. In this article, we identify some of the guiding principles that underpin this approach and explain how they work out in practice. We do so by offering a selection of illustrative vignettes drawn from the Walking with Wildlife in Wild Weather Times early childhood research project in Canberra, Australia, and from the Witnessing the Ruins of Progress early childhood research collaboratory in Ontario, Canada.
Study of the diffusion process in films sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose – drug
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Shurshina Anzhela S. , Kulish Elena I. ,   Bashkir State University
Published: December 2021

The transport properties of medicinal films based on sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose and the antibiotic amikacin sulfate have been studied in this work. It has been shown that the process of sorption of water vapor by such films and the release of a drug from them proceeds in an abnormal diffusion mode, which is explained by the slowdown of relaxation processes in glassy polymers, which include the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose. An increase of the amount of the introduced drug is accompanied by a regular decrease in the diffusion coefficients of both the process of sorption of water vapor and the release of amikacin from the films. It is noted that the formed films of sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose-amikacin sulfate dissolve in water during the day and do not provide a prolonged release of the drug. To reduce the solubility of the films in water, the surface modification of the polymer film with calcium chloride has been carried out. It has been found that the modification does not lead to a change in the diffusion mode, but is accompanied by a regular change in the diffusion coefficients – the longer the formed films were kept in a calcium chloride solution, the lower the diffusion coefficients of the sorption of water vapor by medicinal films and the diffusion coefficients of the release of the drug amikacin from the film. It is argued that the surface modification of polymer films based on the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose is an effective way of imparting to them the effect of prolonging the release of a drug.
Los mecanismos de resolución alterna de conflictos en el Derecho cooperativo nicaragüense
Authors: Torrez Peralta William
Published: December 2021

La vía jurisdiccional juega un papel fundamental en los Estados de Derecho, constituyéndose como pilar fundamental en las democracias modernas. A pesar de ello, se ha demostrado que en ciertos ámbitos, la judicialización de los conflictos no conlleva una respuesta adecuada. Los métodos alternativos de conflictos se presentan como modelos más flexibles, caracterizados por su sencillez, prontitud y búsqueda de entendimiento entre las partes más que de confrontación. El Derecho cooperativo es ámbito idóneo para la aplicación de estos mecanismos. Nicaragua no ha sido ajena a estas figuras alternativas de resolución de controversias en este ámbito. Sin embargo, solo una correcta regulación aunada a una profusa información y capacitación de todos los operadores serán la clave para una aplicación real y efectiva.

Recibido: 31 mayo 2021Aceptado: 23 septiembre 2021
Aproximaciones a la contratación bancaria en relación con las cooperativas agropecuarias en Cuba: su incidencia en la seguridad alimentaria
Authors: Milián Gómez Jorge Freddy , Rodríguez Corría Reinerio
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo expone los resultados investigativos sobre la contratación bancaria respecto a las cooperativas agropecuarias y su incidencia en la seguridad alimentaria de la población. Como objetivo de la investigación resulta valorar el escenario de la contratación bancaria respecto a las cooperativas agropecuarias, tomando como referencia el municipio de Santa Clara en la central provincia Villa Clara, Cuba, para determinar la importancia de los servicios bancarios en la actividad agraria, su contexto y su relación con la seguridad alimentaria. Como métodos de investigación jurídica empleados se tienen el teórico-jurídico y el analítico jurídico. El principal resultado es una valoración del sistema actual de los créditos agropecuarios al sector cooperativo y su relación con la seguridad alimentaria en Cuba.

Recibido: 03 abril 2021Aceptado: 23 septiembre 2021
El principio de cooperación entre cooperativas. Consecuencias jurídicas y económicas derivadas de su aplicación práctica en Costa Rica
Authors: Sánchez Boza Ligia Roxana
Published: December 2021

La integración cooperativa tiene muchas manifestaciones y formas, en esta contribución se ha elegido el estudio de la vida de tres tipos de organizaciones cooperativas de segundo grado conocidas como federaciones, uniones y organizaciones auxiliares del cooperativismo o consorcios cooperativos. El lector encontrará referencias a fuentes relacionadas con la constitución, evolución y problemas de interpretación normativa que son resueltas por el Instituto Nacional de Fomento Cooperativo. Las fuentes informativas se toman de los registros de los estatutos y sus reformas, de las Asambleas, dictámenes legales y algunos datos de las páginas que constan en la web.

Recibido: 01 junio 2021Aceptado: 23 septiembre 2021
Entrepreneurship in community-based tourism in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kaluarachchige Indika Priyantha , Shukri Ab Yajid Mohd , Khatibi Ali , Azam S.M. Ferdous
Published: December 2021

This study is focused on entrepreneurship in community-based tourism (CBT) in Sri Lanka. It examines the effect of entrepreneurial competences and orientation towards the performance of homestays although the majority are not successful. Recent research has revealed that homestay tourism is not effective, nonetheless it has been identified as the sector for the development for entrepreneurs and can make a considerable contribution to the Sri Lankan economy. The purpose of this study is to enhance CBT by showing how to develop productive entrepreneurs in this sector. Resource based view (RBV) theory is the basis – 645 registered homestay units operate as a CBT practice and the study sample was 252 entrepreneurs. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. From the findings of the study, both entrepreneurial competences and orientation significantly affect entrepreneur performance in CBT. This study will help expand CBT for successful entrepreneurs emerging from the tourism sector.
Eco-friendly accommodation facilities in Mladá Boleslav, Czechia: a case study
Authors: Scholz Petr , Červová Lenka
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the application of various green management measures in selected accommodation facilities in Czechia, namely in the town of Mladá Boleslav and its surroundings. This study was carried out using mixed research methods including semi-structured interviews with accommodation facility management staff. The interviews were complemented with a questionnaire survey which focused on the application of eco-friendly solutions in accommodation facilities. The total sample of participating facilities represented 39.6% of those in the town and its surroundings. In the data analysis stage, correspondence analysis was used. The results suggest that the higher the category, the stronger the trend to use eco-friendly methods in running accommodation facilities.
“I’m Not a Musician, But…”: Negotiating the Research Process in Examining the Lives of Musicians
Authors: Ramirez Michael
Published: December 2021

Identity politics have been of considerable interest to the qualitative research tradition as researchers have speculated on the extent to which identity and positionality matter in the field. In this autoethnography, I analyze private writings I composed while studying musicians’ life course trajectories in musical careers, paying particular attention to the methodological implications of my fieldwork decisions. I concentrate on: 1) issues of access, 2) identity politics, and 3) the ethics of relationships in the field. I analyze the extent to which I negotiated several (sometimes conflicting) ways I presented my identity in different settings and among different populations. My presentation of self-strategies – sometimes intentional, other times haphazard – allowed me successful entrée to the music world, though I remained an outsider within. I conclude with methodological implications highlighting the ways researchers’ identities may influence the research process and suggestions for qualitative researchers to consider in future studies.
Sustentabilidad en México un análisis bibliométrico de la investigación científica presentada en los últimos 28 años
Authors: García-Orozco Dalia , Espitia Moreno Irma Cristina , Alfaro-García Víctor Gerardo , Merigó José María
Published: December 2021

Los actuales problemas económicos, sociales y ambientales propiciados por el crecimiento poblacional mundial y la sobre explotación de los recursos del planeta han generado un aumento en el interés por el estudio de la sustentabilidad como tema prioritario de las naciones. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo aplicar técnicas bibliométricas para analizar la evolución de las publicaciones científicas en el área del conocimiento de la sustentabilidad realizada en autoría o coautoría por al menos un investigador adscrito a un centro de investigación localizado en México. En total se identificaron 2,629 artículos publicados en los últimos 28 años a través de la metódica búsqueda en la base de datos científica Web of Science. Los resultados se organizan en tablas que muestran los artículos más influyentes del área, las revistas con mayor número de publicaciones, los autores más productivos, las áreas de investigación más relevantes y las organizaciones más representativas. El análisis visual de resultados se complementa con mapas de redes desarrolladas con ayuda del software VOSviewer. Los resultados muestran las tendencias temáticas predominantes, además de un claro aumento en las disciplinas participativas, con especial énfasis en las disciplinas sociales.

Palabras Clave: Sustentabilidad, Bibliometría, Mapas de Redes, Análisis Regional, México.

Códigos JEL: Q56, Q01, Y1.

Recibido: 21/07/2020. Aceptado: 05/11/2020.  Publicado: 01/12/2020
Turismo y pobreza: un análisis de la envolvente de datos para municipios en México
Authors: Kido-Cruz Antonio , Cruz-Pérez Juan Pablo , Ortiz Zavala Alberto
Published: December 2021

El presente estudio buscó estimar la relación entre eficiencia turística y los niveles de pobreza en municipios monitoreados por la Secretaría de Turismo Federal en México. Para calcular la eficiencia técnica se utilizaron variables de oferta turística, como el número de cuartos de hotel disponibles, y variables de demanda como el número de cuartos ocupados, el número de turistas y la estancia promedio a través del análisis de la envolvente de datos. Después se generó un análisis de regresión entre la eficiencia turística y los niveles de pobreza por ingreso reportados por el Consejo Nacional de Evaluación (CONEVAL). Los resultados muestran que los municipios más eficientes son Puerto Vallarta, El Fuerte y Bahía de Banderas. Los menos eficientes son Playas de Rosarito, Tequisquiapan y Palenque. Con relación a la pobreza y la eficiencia turística no se encontró relación alguna dentro del rango de datos analizados.
Palabras claves: Turismo, pobreza, desigualdad, DEA, México
Códigos JEL: C14
Recibido: 15/01/2021. Aceptado: 25/07/2021. Publicado: 01/12/2021.