bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Wind Flow Around the Terrain of a High-Altitude Transmission Tower: A Case Study of Saurdal Accident
Authors: Keprate Arvind , Bagalkot N. , Mohammadi Mohammad Reza Shah , Horn Agnes Marie
Published: October 2022

The topography of the terrain plays a major role on the galloping of the conductors in a transmission line, especially in complicated terrains. In the present work the authors try to develop relatively new approach to use the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data of a terrain and converted it to an accurate 3D terrain model that is suitable for carrying out computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. Further, the newly developed approach will be used to evaluate the contribution of the terrain to the collapse of a high voltage transmission tower near Saurdal a town in north-western part of Norway.

The first part of the article describes in detail each step involved in the conversion of GIS data to 3D computed added design (CAD) model. Initially, the data of the accident site including the location details of the collapsed tower was obtained, this information was then used in google earth pro software to access the GIS information of the region around the collapsed tower. Then SketchUp software was employed to convert the GIS to modeler data, and finally Rhinoceros 3D was used to get the final 3D CAD file. The entire developed process was explained through the cases study of Saurdal. Actual weather data such as gust speed, gust direction, temperature, and snow cover on the terrain during the time of accident was obtained from five different weather stations was used to carry out a steady state CFD analysis.

The results indicated a strong relation between terrain complexity, wind speed, and wind direction. The terrain was able to modify the local wind direction and local wind speed. For the Saurdal case the simulation results indicated that approximately 30 degrees deviation in angle of attack (crosswind) was observed in then local wind direction heading towards the collapsed tower. The terrain also contributed to increase in approximately 30–40% in local wind velocities compared to free stream, especially on higher altitude lands of the terrain. Finally, for the Saurdal incident, the results indicated that the combination of high strength ESE gusts, and terrain induced crosswinds may have resulted in the collapse of the tower.
A Novel Free-Standing Riser Concept for Deepwater Developments
Authors: Bomfimsilva Carlos Terencio Pires , Netto Theodoro Antoun
Published: October 2022

Free-standing hybrid risers (FSHR) are well established in deepwater field developments in the oil & gas industry. The major advantages foreseen for the FSHR are the possibility of safely anticipating production and requiring significantly reduced payloads at the Floating Production Unit (FPU). This work addresses the feasibility of a novel proposed optimized concept, the Free-Standing Integrated Riser (FSIR), where the pipeline is integrated to the riser by means of a transition section, which is kept in place by a multiple line mooring system, developed to keep the functionality and integrity of the entire riser along its lifetime. The work provides the findings from numerical analysis simulated in Orcaflex, a finite element simulation software dedicated to global analysis of risers, considering the design criteria provided in API 2RD Standard. As part of the FSIR evaluation, screening static analysis was performed to identify the most promising configurations for the multiple line mooring system, followed by a series of dynamic analyses to evaluate the behavior of the riser in extreme conditions. In addition, several investigations were performed to assess the functionality and the robustness of the system, including parametric studies to check for installation and dimensional tolerances, assessment of fatigue damage, and checking the impact of pipe size on the design. The results show that proposed novel FSIR concept can provide a practical and economical solution for deepwater projects.
Numerically Analysing Liquid-Cargo Sloshing Diminishment in Partitioned Rectangular Tanks
Authors: Borg Mitchell G. , DeMarco Muscat-Fenech Claire , Tezdogan Tahsin , Sant Tonio , Mizzi Simon , Demirel Yigit Kemal
Published: October 2022

This study puts forward an analysis of the influence of liquid sloshing upon oscillating vessels by means of numerical modeling. Rectangular cross-sectional tanks incorporating an open-bore and partitioned setups at 20%, 40%, and 60% fill-volume levels were implemented to establish the torque and static pressure exerted solely by the fluid dynamics upon oscillation within the tanks. Through verification of dam-break dynamics, the sloshing models coupled the explicit volume-of-fluid and non-iterative time-advancement schemes within a computational fluid dynamic solver. Utilising an oscillatory frequency of 1 Hz, the resultant liquid impact reduced within the partitioned setup due to the suppression of wave dynamics.
Bending Study of Copper Conductors From Power Cables
Authors: Jiang Xiaoli , Hopman Hans , Bai Yong , Fang Pan
Published: October 2022

Submarine power cables are considered lifelines in wind farm engineering, playing a key role in transporting electric current produced by wind turbines or wave converters. The bending behaviour of a power cable is a complex issue due to both its various materials and multi-layer structures. The copper conductor in the middle of a power cable is especially complex as it is composed of numerous helical copper wires. The influence of the copper conductor on the overall bending behaviour is still not clear due to rare studies regarding this topic. This paper focuses on the pure bending test of a naked copper conductor from a real cable, then theoretical and numerical methods are used to generate the bending stiffness in order to compare it with each other. The pros and cons of each method are clarified and the obtained conclusions will pave the way for the study of the overall power cable.
Wind Profile and Structure During Severe Storms in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Das Suvabrata , Maroju Soma S. , Fan Shejun , Leung Pak , Zwissler Cristina
Published: October 2022

Wind profile and structure is critical in design of offshore structures such as oil/gas platforms or wind farm turbines. Since 2017, three ZX 300M wind vertical profiling LIDAR (Light Distance and Ranging) systems have been installed on two TLPs (Tension Leg Platform) and one Semi-submersible in the Mississippi Canyon in the Gulf of Mexico. The LIDAR system measures wind profile from 10m to up to 200m above deck. This paper presents the wind profile data and analysis from these measurements for several severe storms that passed through the region. It is hoped that this data will provide insights into the structure of the turbulent hurricane boundary layer, to help the design of wind sensitive offshore structures and their components.

First, the wind profile time series were divided into small segments of data, then the profile of mean wind speeds, turbulence intensities and gust factor across the wind column were calculated. The measured mean wind profiles, turbulence intensities, peak gust factors are then compared to the Frøya wind profile and time-averaging relations as suggested by ISO 19901-1:2015 and API RP 2MET as well as the formulation given in Engineering Science Data Unit (ESDU) models. These comparisons are used to understand the applicability of the wind models to offshore hurricane conditions and assess the design principles of offshore structures.
RE-CONSTRUCTING BELONGING: A Community Response to COVID-19
Authors: Robinson Penny
Published: October 2022

This paper explores the impact of COVID-19 on belonging in a provincial Aotearoa-New Zealand town during lockdown. Drawing on the observation of suburban neighbourhood practices, it is grounded in qualitative methods and uses the metaphors of rhizome and web to understand and describe belonging.The advent of COVID-19 and subsequent political directives led to the 2020lockdown, precipitating changes observed variously through inscription, inter/action within built and natural environments, embodiment, emplacement and movement, and/or gained through shared and/or common experiences.This paper concludes that changes observed in practices demonstrated the impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on neighbourhood belonging. The prolonged period of closely-bounded containment led people to re/create, expand, deepen or maintain not only local but also national and global belonging.
MĀORI IN UNEXPECTED PLACES: Watching Māori on Television
Authors: Moewaka Barnes Angela , Barnes Helen Moewaka
Published: October 2022

This paper draws on a study of audience responses, prompted by understandings of the power exerted by representations in television dramas. The wider study explored Māori and non-Māori meaning-making, emotions, feelings, and affective practices that arise when viewing Māori representations on locally produced television dramas. Findings from focus group responses to an episode of the local television drama The Brokenwood Mysteries are organised here, using a framework of the expected and unexpected that aligns with theories of Kaupapa Māori and affect. Three key themes emerged: ‘The Expected and Unexpected’; ‘Reflection and Challenge’; and ‘Motivations and the Writer’s Responses’. Although attention is on Māori, Pākehā responses are included. Māori were deeply affected and worked hard to pre-empt and address what they saw or expected to see. Although some Pākehā expressed discomfort and concern when responding to negative representations of Māori, they did not demonstrate the same levels of negotiation and contestation.
Television Viewing Time, Overweight, Obesity, and Severe COVID-19: A Brief Report From UK Biobank
Authors: Hamrouni Malik , Roberts Matthew J. , Bishop Nicolette C.
Published: October 2022

Background: Overweight and obesity are well-established risk factors for COVID-19 severity; however, less is known about the role of sedentary behaviors such as television (TV) viewing. The purpose of this brief report was to determine whether lower TV viewing time may mitigate the risk of severe COVID-19 in individuals with excess weight. Methods: We analyzed 329,751 UK Biobank participants to investigate the independent and combined associations of BMI and self-reported TV viewing time with odds of severe COVID-19 (inpatient COVID-19 or COVID-19 death). Results: Between March 16 and December 8, 2020, there were 1648 instances of severe COVID-19. Per 1-unit (hours per day) increase in TV viewing time, the odds of severe COVID-19 increased by 5% (adjusted odds ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval = 1.02–1.08). Compared with normal-weight individuals with low (≤1 h/d) TV viewing time, the odds ratios for overweight individuals with low and high (≥4 h/d) TV viewing time were 1.17 (0.89–1.55) and 1.66 (1.31–2.11), respectively. For individuals with obesity, the respective ORs for low and high TV viewing time were 2.18 (1.61–2.95) and 2.14 (1.69–2.73). Conclusion: Higher TV viewing time was associated with higher odds of severe COVID-19 independent of BMI and moderate to vigorous physical activity. Additionally, low TV viewing time may partly attenuate the elevated odds associated with overweight, but not obesity.
Direct identification of the charge state in a single platinum nanoparticle on titanium oxide
Authors: Aso Ryotaro , Hojo Hajime , Takahashi Yoshio , Akashi Tetsuya , Midoh Yoshihiro , Ichihashi Fumiaki , Nakajima Hiroshi , Tamaoka Takehiro , Yubuta Kunio , Nakanishi Hiroshi , Einaga Hisahiro , Tanigaki Toshiaki , Shinada Hiroyuki , Murakami Yasukazu
Published: October 2022

A goal in the characterization of supported metal catalysts is to achieve particle-by-particle analysis of the charge state strongly correlated with the catalytic activity. Here, we demonstrate the direct identification of the charge state of individual platinum nanoparticles (NPs) supported on titanium dioxide using ultrahigh sensitivity and precision electron holography. Sophisticated phase-shift analysis for the part of the NPs protruding into the vacuum visualized slight potential changes around individual platinum NPs. The analysis revealed the number (only one to six electrons) and sense (positive or negative) of the charge per platinum NP. The underlying mechanism of platinum charging is explained by the work function differences between platinum and titanium dioxide (depending on the orientation relationship and lattice distortion) and by first-principles calculations in terms of the charge transfer processes.
Mandatory disclosure is key to address climate risks
Authors: Carattini Stefano , Hertwich Edgar , Melkadze Givi , Shrader Jeffrey G.
Published: October 2022

Financial regulations would help signal risks to investors
Counting charges per metal nanoparticle
Authors: Gao Chuanbo , Terasaki Osamu
Published: October 2022

Charges on a metal nanoparticle are measured with precision by electron holography
Climate change threatens supercomputers
Authors: Kwan Jacklin
Published: October 2022

Costly adaptations help stave off effects of wildfires, storms, and hot weather
Genomic Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Dromedary-Associated
Staphylococcaceae
from the Horn of Africa
Authors: Akarsu Hatice , Liljander Anne , Younan Mario , Brodard Isabelle , Overesch Gudrun , Glücks Ilona , Labroussaa Fabien , Kuhnert Peter , Perreten Vincent , Monecke Stefan , Drexler Jan Felix , Corman Victor Max , Falquet Laurent , Jores Joerg
Published: October 2022

Camels are a high value and crucial livestock species in arid and semiarid regions of Africa and gain importance giving the impact of climate change on traditional livestock species. Our current knowledge with respect to
Staphylococcaceae
infecting camels is very limited compared to that for other livestock species. Better knowledge will foster the development of specific diagnostic assays, guide promising antimicrobial treatment options, and inform about potential zoonotic risks.
Relative Impact of Values-Oriented and Mindset-Oriented Interventions on Academic Success of Introductory Biology Students Attending 2-Year or 4-Year Institutions
Authors: Rollwagen-Bollens Gretchen , Kibota Travis , Crosby Catherine
Published: October 2022

Diversifying the STEM workforce is a national priority, yet white males continue to dominate the ranks of professional scientists and engineers in the United States. This is partly due to disparities in academic success for women and minoritized students in prerequisite introductory STEM courses, leading to higher attrition from B.S. degree programs.
Levels of Influenza A Virus Defective Viral Genomes Determine Pathogenesis in the BALB/c Mouse Model
Authors: Penn Rebecca , Tregoning John S. , Flight Katie E. , Baillon Laury , Frise Rebecca , Goldhill Daniel H. , Johansson Cecilia , Barclay Wendy S.
Published: October 2022

Mammalian infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) cause severe disease associated with excessive proinflammatory cytokine production. Aberrant replication products, such as defective viral genomes (DVGs), can stimulate the antiviral response, and cytokine induction is associated with their emergence
in vivo
.
Effect of increasing plant protein intake on protein quality and nutrient intake of US adults
Authors: Marinangeli Christopher P.F. , Miller Kevin , Fulgoni Victor L.
Published: October 2022

Three cycles of NHANES (2013–2018) were used to assess protein intake, protein quality (protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score; PDCAAS), protein cost, and nutrient intakes across quartiles of plant protein intake (Q1: <28.2%; Q2: 28.2% to <32.1%; Q3: 32.1 to <36.2%; Q4: ≥36.2%) over a 24 h period (≥19 years, n = 14 888). Grains represented the primary source of plant protein across quartiles and increased from 5.01% (Q1) to 13.5% (Q4). Across all the USDA’s Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) food groups, grains were the most economical source of protein (24.3–26 g protein/$1). Legumes were the most economical plant-based protein (28–37.7 g protein/$1) within the “Protein Foods” FNDDS group. Absolute protein intake (96.6 g/day) and PDCAAS (0.91) of diets were progressively lower from Q1 to 72.0 g/day and 0.8 in Q4, respectively. Modelling the replacement of 50% of amino acids from grains in the diet with amino acids from legumes increased the PDCAAS by 10% in Q4. Intake levels of fibre, folate, iron, and zinc, were higher in Q2–Q4 compared to Q1 but had lower intakes of vitamins B12 and D. Amino acid complementation is required to effectively integrate higher levels plant protein into US diets.
k-Nearest Neighbor Queues with Delayed Information
Authors: Pender Jamol
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we analyze a model called the k-nearest neighbor queue with the possibility of having delayed queue length feedback. We prove fluid limits for the stochastic queueing model and show that the fluid limit converges to a system of delay differential equations. Using the properties of circulant matrices, we derive a closed form expression for the value of the critical delay, which governs whether the delayed information will induce oscillations or a Hopf bifurcation in our queueing system.
Stability Switches and Chaos in a Diffusive Toxic Phytoplankton–Zooplankton Model with Delay
Authors: Du Yanfei , Yang Yun
Published: October 2022

To explore the effect of toxins produced by phytoplankton in algal blooms, a diffusive toxic phytoplankton–zooplankton system with delay is studied through detailed bifurcation analysis. The local stability of the positive equilibrium is studied by analyzing the characteristic equation. The critical values of delay at which Hopf bifurcations occur are obtained and ordered, and it is proved that the delay can induce stability switches, which means that the delay has a significant impact on both the formation and the termination of algal blooms. During the process of stability switching, double Hopf bifurcation arises. Taking the rate of toxin liberation and time delay as the bifurcation parameters, the normal form for double Hopf bifurcation is derived, from which the classification for dynamics and bifurcation sets near double Hopf bifurcation point is obtained. It is proved that the system has complex dynamics, such as periodic oscillations, quasi-periodic oscillations on two- or three-torus and even chaos. Numerical simulations are presented to support the theoretical results.
Multiple Temporal Pooling Mechanisms for Weakly Supervised Temporal Action Localization
Authors: Dou Peng , Zeng Ying , Wang Zhuoqun , Hu Haifeng
Published: October 2022

Recent action localization works learn in a weakly supervised manner to avoid the expensive cost of human labeling. Those works are mostly based on the Multiple Instance Learning framework, where temporal pooling is an indispensable part that usually relies on the guidance of snippet-level
Class Activation Sequences (CAS)
. However, we observe that previous works only leverage a simple convolutional neural network for the generation of CAS, which ignores the weak discriminative foreground action segments and the background ones, and meanwhile, the relationship between different actions has not been considered. To solve this problem, we propose
multiple temporal pooling mechanisms (MTP)
for a more sufficient information utilization. Specifically, with the design of the Foreground Variance Branch, Dual Foreground Attention Branch and Hybrid Attention Fine-tuning Branch, MTP can leverage more effective information from different aspects and generate different CASs to guide the learning of temporal pooling. Moreover, different loss functions are designed for a better optimization of individual branches, aiming to effectively distinguish the action from the background. Our method shows excellent results on the THUMOS14 and ActivityNet1.2 datasets.
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Host Plant Specificity in Aphids
Authors: Shih Po-Yuan , Sugio Akiko , Simon Jean-Christophe
Published: October 2022

Aphids are serious pests of agricultural and ornamental plants and important model systems for hemipteran–plant interactions. The long evolutionary history of aphids with their host plants has resulted in a variety of systems that provide insight into the different adaptation strategies of aphids to plants and vice versa. In the past, various plant–aphid interactions have been documented, but lack of functional tools has limited molecular studies on the mechanisms of plant–aphid interactions. Recent technological advances have begun to reveal plant–aphid interactions at the molecular level and to increase our knowledge of the mechanisms of aphid adaptation or specialization to different host plants. In this article, we compile and analyze available information on plant–aphid interactions, discuss the limitations of current knowledge, and argue for new research directions. We advocate for more work that takes advantage of natural systems and recently established molecular techniques to obtain a comprehensive view of plant–aphid interaction mechanisms.
Icebergs Melting
Authors: Cenedese Claudia , Straneo Fiamma
Published: October 2022

Iceberg calving accounts for half of the mass discharge from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, which has increased dramatically over the last two decades. Through their displacement and progressive melt, icebergs can impact both the regional and large-scale ocean circulation and marine ecosystems by affecting their stratification and nutrient and carbon cycling. Freshwater input due to iceberg melt has the potential to impact regional sea ice distribution and the global overturning circulation. Notwithstanding their importance, our understanding of where and how icebergs melt is limited and their representation in ocean and climate models is oversimplistic, in part because they are informed by only a handful of observations. As a result, model-based predictions of iceberg melt rates, of the fate of the meltwater, and of its impact on the ocean are highly uncertain. New observational, modeling, and experimental studies are needed to improve our understanding of iceberg melting and hence, the forecasting power of climate models.
An Efficient Hybrid Feature Selection Method Using the Artificial Immune Algorithm for High-Dimensional Data
Authors: Zhu Yongbin , Li Tao , Li Wenshan
Published: October 2022

Feature selection provides the optimal subset of features for data mining models. However, current feature selection methods for high-dimensional data also require a better balance between feature subset quality and computational cost. In this paper, an efficient hybrid feature selection method (HFIA) based on artificial immune algorithm optimization is proposed to solve the feature selection problem of high-dimensional data. The algorithm combines filter algorithms and improves clone selection algorithms to explore the feature space of high-dimensional data. According to the target requirements of feature selection, combined with biological research results, this method introduces the lethal mutation mechanism and the Cauchy operator to improve the search performance of the algorithm. Moreover, the adaptive adjustment factor is introduced in the mutation and update phases of the algorithm. The effective combination of these mechanisms enables the algorithm to obtain a better search ability and lower computational costs. Experimental comparisons with 19 state-of-the-art feature selection methods are conducted on 25 high-dimensional benchmark datasets. The results show that the feature reduction rate for all datasets is above 99%, and the performance improvement for the classifier is between 5% and 48.33%. Compared with the five classical filtering feature selection methods, the computational cost of HFIA is lower than the two of them, and it is far better than these five algorithms in terms of the feature reduction rate and classification accuracy improvement. Compared with the 14 hybrid feature selection methods reported in the latest literature, the average winning rates in terms of classification accuracy, feature reduction rate, and computational cost are 85.83%, 88.33%, and 96.67%, respectively.
A Low-Overhead and High-Precision Attack Traceback Scheme with Combination Bloom Filters
Authors: Ma Jie , Su Wei , Li Yikun , Yao Fangtao
Published: October 2022

Distributed denial of service attacks seriously threatens the availability of highly resilient software-defined networking systems, such as data center networks. A traceback scheme is an effective means of mitigating attacks by identifying the location of the attacker and the attacking path. However, traditional traceback schemes suffer from low traceability success rates, high packet header overheads, and high communication traffic overheads, in addition to the fact that logically centralized traceability schemes make the control plane a prime target for attacks. To overcome the above challenges, we propose the low-overhead and high-precision traceback scheme, which is divided into two stages: packet marking and path reconstruction. The first stage of the traceback scheme utilizes programmable switches in the data plane to selectively mark the actual physical path information that the packet was forwarded on. The marking method is adaptive to the path length, which utilizes a combined Bloom filter so that the packet length does not grow with the length of the attacking path. The proposed probabilistic packet marking algorithm effectively reduces the number of packets collected to reconstruct the attacking path. The second stage of the traceback scheme utilizes the distributed victim host to reconstruct the attacking path without the controller and locate the source of the attacker. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed scheme ensures the high accuracy of tracing and minimizes the traffic overhead and storage overhead required for the traceback process.
Research and Application of Optimal Allocation Model of Water and Soil Resources from the Perspective of Ecological Economics
Authors: Dai Liuyi , Wang Xinran
Published: October 2022

In order to solve the problem of realizing the rational allocation of water and soil resources in the watershed on the premise of ecological protection under the background of climate change, this paper proposes an optimal allocation model of water and soil resources from the perspective of ecological economics. In this paper, the use area of various land resources is taken as the decision variable, and the total amount of water resources available is taken as the constraint condition, and the multiobjective models under different scenarios are established, respectively. MOGWO algorithm is used to calculate the Pareto solution set under each scenario, and finally AHP is used to select the optimal solution with different decision preferences from Pareto. The experimental results show that under the current situation, the water shortage of the basin is

7.61
×

10

8

 m3. In the current planning year (2020), 950.7 km2 of cultivated land should be reduced to meet the water resources situation of the river basin, accounting for about 17.8% of the total cultivated land, which is also in line with the basic policy of “well killing and land shrinking” advocated by the river basin in recent years. In the medium-term planning year (2035), the cultivated land area can be maintained at about 4300. Due to the increase of available water resources, water-saving irrigation area and irrigation water utilization coefficient, the cultivated land area in the long-term planning year (2050) can be increased by about 200 km2 on the basis of the medium-term planning year. Conclusion. The model finally obtains the optimal solution in line with different decision preferences under different scenarios.
Comparative Experiment on TTP Classification with Class Imbalance Using Oversampling from CTI Dataset
Authors: Kim Heejung , Kim Hwankuk
Published: October 2022

Cyber threat intelligence (CTI) refers to the real-time collection of threat information and analysis of these acquired data to identify the situation and attack mechanism of a security threat. In a CTI analysis, it is important to have a standardized attack model. Recently, the MITRE adversarial tactics, techniques, and common knowledge (ATT&CK) framework has been widely used as the de facto standard security threat modeling technique. However, analyzing a large amount of data using the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) of ATT&CK with a limited number of security personnel is time-consuming. To solve this cost-sensitive issue, research on automated classification of TTP from CTI data using artificial intelligence techniques is currently underway but remains challenging. This is because CTI data are domain-specific, and therefore, it is difficult to obtain labeling data to be used as training data for AI models. Hence, the distribution of training data related to TTP labeling is imbalanced. Thus, the current accuracy of ML-based TTP classification is still around 6080%. This study aims to improve the TTP classification accuracy from unstructured CTI data using machine learning while mainly focusing on solving the problems of small training datasets and TTP class imbalance. Therefore, we proposed a TTP classification method by applying easy data argumentation (EDA) and compared its performance with those of previous studies. By applying the proposed methodology, a 60–80% improvement was observed compared to the reference baseline model, TRAM. This indicates that the preprocessing methodology of applying the EDA technique is effective at improving the performance of TTP classification from unstructured CTI data in the CTI domain.
Population Status, Diurnal Activity Pattern, Feeding Ecology, and Habitat Association of Colobus Monkey (Colobus guereza) in Saja Forest, Kaffa Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mola Misganaw , Ayiza Aklilu , Asnakew Muluye , Abuye Tiruye
Published: October 2022

Colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza) are endemic to the Ethiopian plateau, distributed in different ecological habitats such as moist and deciduous forests, savanna woodlands, and montane forests. The population status, diurnal activity pattern, feeding ecology, and habitat association of Colobus guereza were investigated in Saja Forest, southwest Ethiopia, from June 2019 to February 2020, covering both wet and dry seasons. A total of 39 different types of transect were systematically established, distributed in both dense forest and in shrubland. Data were collected for 60 days in total across a wet and a dry season, both at dawn and in the afternoon. A total of 246 ± 39.1 individuals were recorded, of which 132 ± 24.4 and 114 ± 14.7 individuals were recorded during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The population and group sizes did not statistically differ between the wet and dry seasons but shrubland habitat had fewer individuals and smaller groups than forest. Out of the recorded Colobus guereza, 33.5% were adult males, 34.5% were adult females, 28% were sub-adult males, 14.5% were sub-adult females, and 12.5% were juveniles/young. Feeding (29.5%) and resting (19.5%) were the most recorded daily activities for Colobus guereza. Young leaves were the largest (31%) contributor to the diet followed by mature leaves (22%) in both seasons. Other common dietary items were shoots (20%), barks (13%), fruits (11%), and flowers (3%). Colobus guereza were observed feeding on a diverse diet of 26 plant species belonging to 21 genera within 21 families. The habitats of these primates are currently diminishing due to anthropogenic activities such as agricultural expansion, human settlement, livestock grazing, and other forms of human wildlife conflict. Furthermore, guerezas are hunted for their skin and are also major sources of meat for the Menja people in the study area. Therefore, awareness creation for local people towards wildlife conservation is needed.
Application of Blurred Image Processing and IoT Action Recognition in Sports Dance Sports Training
Authors: Zhang Ligong , Ding Chuanwei , Wu Dong , Liu Siwen , Zhao Qingjian
Published: October 2022

In order to process the blurred image, this study proposes to combine the blurred point functions in the invariant space into multiple blurred images and then restore them through the deconvolution operation. The PSF functions of the fuzzy invariant space are combined to obtain the fuzzy invariant space. Finally, a gradual restoration method is used to perform many blurred image processing steps. The experimental results prove that the method proposed in this study can avoid the noise introduced in the process of multiple deconvolutions, can reduce the calculation error, and can improve the recovery effect. Based on fuzzy image processing, this research studies the nature of human motion and the identification of actions in the Internet of Things, which provides new ideas and methods for recognition research. The Kinect somatosensory camera of the Internet of Things is used to capture deep images, and 20 three-dimensional points of the human skeleton structure are obtained through its SDK. Based on this, the motion characteristics of human joints were studied, and a motion resolution model suitable for the Internet of Things was proposed. The model has low complexity, simple calculation, and sorting characteristics. Based on this, this research study also uses software engineering ideas and general methods of system development to design and create sports dance management information systems and uses advanced methods such as computers and the Internet to maintain training management to achieve optimal sports training for sports dance mode and to provide information about the management of sports dance athletes training to improve efficiency and the management level.
Analyze on Experimental Algorithm of Modern Apprenticeship Soft Skill Training: A Case Study of M Enterprise
Authors: Cai Qiaoyan , Zhang Xihua
Published: October 2022

In the era of the rapid development of Internet technology and information technology, the transformation of traditional industrial structure, and the emergence of new industries, the competition between talents will become more intense, and the society has put forward higher requirements for talents. Modern apprenticeship, as a new educational concept of school-enterprise co-education, will bring new educational reform to the training of higher vocational talents. Taking M enterprise as an example, this paper conducts an experimental study on the cultivation of “soft skills” of higher vocational students by modern apprenticeship. The experimental algorithm is used to analyze it. The findings are as follows: (1) In the process of promoting modern apprenticeship, higher vocational colleges pay attention to the construction of campus culture, which is conducive to internalizing “soft skills” into students’ own quality; (2) the clear career development path of enterprises can make students realize the importance of “soft skills” and clarify their training objectives, which is conducive to exerting their own initiative and constantly improving their own necessary “soft skills”; (3) enterprises attach importance to the cultivation of students’ “soft skills” and strengthen the cultivation path through real job practice, which is not only conducive to enhance the attraction of modern apprenticeship but also conducive to the talent reserve of enterprises.
ALDH1A3–Linc00284 Axis Mediates the Invasion of Colorectal Cancer by Targeting TGFβ Signaling via Sponging miR-361-5p
Authors: Ke Chunlin , Shen Minmin , Wang Peirong , Chen Zhihua , Lin Suyong , Dong Feng
Published: October 2022

ALDH1A3 and Linc00284 involve in colorectal cancer (CRC) development; however, the regulatory mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we collected clinicopathological characteristics and tissue samples from 73 CRC patients to analyze the expression of ALDH1A3, Linc00284, TGFβ signaling and miR-361-5p using qPCR, Western blotting, and ELISA. Multiple CRC cell lines were evaluated in this study, and the highest level of ALDH1A3 was observed in SW480 cells. To investigate the regulatory mechanism, RIP and luciferase assays were used to validate the interaction between Linc00284, miR-361-5p, and TGFβ. Proliferation, viability, migration, and invasion assays were performed to profile the effects of the ALDH1A3–Linc00284 axis in CRC cell functions, which was upregulated in CRC tissues. Knockdown ALDH1A3 or Linc00284 significantly reduced TGFβ expression and suppressed the EMT process, while overexpression had opposite effects. miR-361-5p targeted TGFβ directly, which negatively correlated with ALDH1A3–Linc00284 expression and CRC progression. Mechanistically, upregulation of ALDH1A3–Linc00284 promotes colorectal cancer invasion and migration by regulating miR-361-5p/TGFβ signaling pathway. Dysregulation of the ALDH1A3–Linc00284-miR-361-5p-TGFβ axis causes CRC invasion, which might provide a new insight into the treatment of CRC.
Group Size and Group Performance in Small Collaborative Team Settings: An Agent‐Based Simulation Model of Collaborative Decision‐Making Dynamics
Authors: Cao Shun , MacLaren Neil G. , Cao Yiding , Marshall Jason , Dong Yingjun , Yammarino Francis J. , Dionne Shelley D. , Mumford Michael D. , Connelly Shane , Martin Robert W. , Standish Colleen J. , Newbold Tanner R. , England Samantha , Sayama Hiroki , Ruark Gregory A.
Published: October 2022

The relationship between size and performance of collaborative human small groups has been studied broadly across management, psychology, economics, sociology, and engineering disciplines. However, empirical research findings on this question remain equivocal. Many of the earlier studies centered on empirical human‐subject experiments, which inevitably involved many confounding factors. To obtain more theory‐driven mechanistic explanations of the linkage between group size and performance, we developed an agent‐based simulation model that describes the complex process of collaborative group decision‐making on problem‐solving tasks. To find better solutions to a problem with given complexity, these agents repeatedly explore and share solution candidates, evaluate and respond to the solutions proposed by others, and update their understanding of the problem by conducting individual local search and incorporating others’ proposals. Our results showed that under a condition of ineffective information sharing, group size was negatively related to group performance at the beginning of discussion across each level of problem complexity (i.e., low, medium, and high). However, in the long run, larger groups outperformed smaller groups for the problem with medium complexity and equally well for the problem with low complexity because larger groups developed higher solution diversity. For the problem with high complexity, the higher solution diversity led to more disagreements which in turn hindered larger groups’ collaborative problem‐solving ability. Our results also suggested that, in small collaborative team settings, effective information sharing can significantly improve group performance for groups of any size, especially for larger groups. This model provides a unified, mechanistic explanation of the conflicting observations reported in the existing empirical literature.
The Use of TADs in the Mandibular Arch to Prevent Proclination of the Lower Incisors during the Use of the Mini Scope Herbst Appliance
Authors: Aiello Domenico , Finamore Angelo , Scribante Andrea , Figliuzzi Michele Mario , Paduano Sergio
Published: October 2022

Class II malocclusions are the most frequent within the Italian population. Normally, these malocclusions are caused by a reduction in a mandibular component whose functional stimulus is still very much cause for debate. The negative effect of all types of Class II functional appliances is in the proclination of the lower incisors, which, in subjects whose incisors are already labially inclined, must be checked at all times to avoid serious consequences to these elements. In this case study, a girl aged 14 years and 5 months presented with Class II malocclusion, 2nd division with a convex profile and a visibly retruded chin. The lower incisors presented a marked proclination (−1/Go-Gn ini = 107.7°) in a brachyfacial patient. To avoid further inclination of the lower incisors a Herbst appliance was mounted in two separate sittings. The first part of the appliance including the tubes was mounted to the upper jaw allowing the vestibularisation of the upper incisors in order to increase the overjet. Once this was obtained the lower part of the appliance was mounted together with the telescopic arms associated with two temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in positions 36–37 and 46–47, and an anterior section 33–43 with distal loop to which two double metallic ligatures were anchored at the TADs to contrast the negative effect of the appliance. At the end of the first functional phase, the treatment was refined using MBK fixed therapy to finish the case. The orthodontic therapy led to a visible improvement of the profile and the achievement of a first-class dental–skeletal result on both sides. From the cephalometric evaluation carried out immediately after the Herbst appliance treatment at time T1 and at the end of the orthodontic therapy T2 it was possible to verify a slight increase in the inclination of the lower incisors (−1/Go-Gn fin = 108°). In conclusion, it can be said that the use of the skeletal anchorage avoided, in this case, the proclination effect in the lower incisors due to the use of a Herbst appliance.
Activated Platelet Rich Plasma versus Non-Activated Platelet Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Authors: Nouh Ahmed Hassan , Abdelaal Ahmed Mohamed , Fathy Ali El Sayed
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Alopecia areata is a common recurrent T cell-mediated autoimmune-induced non-scarring hair loss with not fully understood pathogenesis. It affects nearly 2% of the general population during lifetime. The course of the disease is unpredictable, and currently no treatment is available for complete cure or prevention. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood-derived product, which has widely spread in the last decades for treatment of different dermatological conditions including hair disorders. Methods: The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of activated PRP in comparison to non-activated PRP in the treatment of alopecia areata. This study was conducted on two groups of 20 subjects each who received 4 treatments of intradermal injection of activated and non-activated PRP. Results and Conclusion: Data obtained in our research confirm that PRP is safe, effective, and well tolerated by patients as a treatment modality for alopecia areata. Besides, such a method is cost-effective as there is no need for any expensive tools for preparation and it can be done in outpatient clinics. Also, activation of PRP prior to injection is not mandatory as there was no statistically significant difference between both groups.
Influence of Multimodal Treatment on Rest/Activity and Autonomic Regulation in Breast Cancer Patients with Cancer-Related Fatigue: Results of a Tri-Centre Trial with a Comprehensive Cohort Design
Authors: Zerm Roland , Müller-Glinz Augustina , Pranga Danilo , Reif Marcus , Bartsch Christian , Heckmann Christian , Gutenbrunner Christoph , Kröz Matthias
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer patients with cancer-related fatigue (BC-CRF) often have lower physical activity. To investigate how this could be improved, we evaluated a multimodal treatment (MT) and a combination of MT with aerobic training (CT) and compared these with aerobic training (AT) regarding rest/activity rhythm and state autonomic regulation (State aR). Methods: In this pragmatic comprehensive cohort design study, the explorative analysis focused on actigraphy and State aR including the rest/activity regulation subscale (State aR-R/A) which were assessed at baseline (T0), after 10 weeks of intervention (T1), and State aR additionally 6 months later (T2). Statistics: General linear modelling including propensity scores. Results: 65 BC-CRF were randomized, and 61 were allocated by preference to the treatment arms. 105 patients started the intervention. At T1, State aR-R/A improved the most in MT (+3.49, CI [2.42; 4.55]) compared to AT (+1.59, CI [0.13; 3.06]) and CT (+1.68, CI [0.83; 2.52]), showing superiority of MT to AT (p = 0.048). At T2 MT was sustainably superior to AT regarding State aR-R/A (+3.61, CI [2.38; 4.83] p < 0.01) and State aR also showed superiority of MT to AT (p = 0.006). AT T1 24-h activity was higher in MT compared to AT (p = 0.029). Conclusions: MT was superior to AT regarding State aR total score after 6 months, State aR-R/A after 10 weeks, and after 6 months. Actigraphically measured total activity also improved after 10 weeks.
Associations among Body Mass Index, Waist-to-Hip Ratio, and Cognitive Impairment Tend to Follow an Opposite Trend and Are Sex Specific: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in a Rural Area of Xi’an, China
Authors: Shang Suhang , Liu Ziyu , Dang Liangjun , Zhang Binyan , Wang Jin , Lu Wenhui , Jiang Yu , Chen Chen , Fei Yulang , Gao Ling , Wei Shan , Zhao Yi , Hu Ningwei , Liu Fude , Wang Jingyi , Zhang Erlei , Mi Baibing , Qu Qiumin
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The relationship between obesity and cognitive impairment (CI) is highly heterogeneous in previous studies, which may be due to insufficient consideration of anthropometric indicators and sex. This study compared the cross-sectional relationships among body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and CI among people aged ≥40 years, and sex-specific relationships were also considered. Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study with a cluster sampling design. CI was defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination score lower than the cutoff value. Multivariate logistic regression was used. BMI and WHR were fitted as both restricted cubic splines and categorical data. Stratified analysis and interaction analysis were performed to explore the sex-specific relationship. Results: A total of 1,792 subjects (40.5% male) were analyzed, and 230 were confirmed to have CI. The relationships among BMI, WHR, and CI were significant (poverall = 0.023, pnonlinear = 0.097; poverall = 0.017, pnonlinear = 0.078, respectively) but exhibited an opposite trend in the total population in the analyses with BMI and WHR as restricted cubic splines. Further categorical analyses showed that subjects with a BMI <23 kg/m2 tended to have a higher risk of CI than those with BMI ≥23 kg/m2 (16.2% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.017; OR = 1.366 [0.969–1.926], p = 0.075), and subjects with a WHR >0.92 had a significantly higher risk of CI than those with a WHR ≤0.92 (11.7% vs. 16.2%, p = 0.011; OR = 1.619 [1.161–2.258], p = 0.005). In addition, the relationship between a low BMI and CI was more significant in males (p = 0.034), while the relationship between a high WHR and CI was more significant in females (p = 0.002). Further studies are needed to confirm the sex differences because of the marginal significance result in the interaction analysis (p = 0.051 for interaction term BMI × sex; p = 0.056 for interaction term WHR × sex). Conclusion: The relationships among BMI, WHR, and CI exhibit an opposite trend. A low BMI or high WHR was positively associated with CI, which was more prominent in males for a low BMI and females for a high WHR.