bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Was Qumran a fort in the Hasmonean period?
Authors: Magness Jodi
Published: April 2016

This article considers the recent proposal that Qumran was a Hasmonean fort during Period Ia (
c.
140/130–100 BCE). An analysis of the published pottery and coins from Roland de Vaux’s excavations suggests that the earliest post-Iron Age occupation does not antedate the early first century BCE, while comparisons with Hasmonean forts contradict the identification of Qumran as a fort.
Wayward Jews: minim in early rabbinic literature
Authors: Schremer Adiel
Published: April 2016

The content of the early rabbinic discourse of
minim
and
minut
has rarely been treated systematically in scholarly literature. This article assesses the tannaitic material pertaining to
minim
and
minut
, and suggests that the early rabbinic discourse of
minut
revolves around three issues: doctrine, religious practice and social enmity. Its characterization as an attempt at establishing ‘orthodoxy’ (correct belief) should therefore be qualified.
The religious provenance of the Aquila manuscripts from the Cairo Genizah
Authors: Gallagher Edmon L.
Published: April 2016

The Cairo Genizah yielded two palimpsest manuscripts of Aquila’s Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible. For more than a century, scholars have commonly assumed, often without argument, that these manuscript fragments derive ultimately from Jewish circles. This in turn has led to citations of them in arguments regarding the Jewish reception of Greek scripture in Late Antiquity and the origins of the system of contractions known as
nomina sacra
. However, the opinion that these are Jewish manuscripts cannot claim universal scholarly assent, though doubts in this regard have not often been noted. This article surveys the use of these Genizah manuscripts in arguments concerning the Jewish use of Greek scripture and the
nomina sacra
and then examines the evidence to hand regarding their religious provenance. It concludes that the general assumption of a Jewish provenance remains unproven.
Islamic exegetical terms in Yefet ben ̔Eli’s commentaries on the Holy Scriptures
Authors: Zawanowska Marzena
Published: April 2016

Following the Qur̓anic assertion concerning its own content Islamic exegesis differentiates between
muḥkam
and
mutashābih
verses, as two kinds of formulation of God’s word. Although there are discrepancies between Muslim scholars concerning the meaning of these crucial terms, they are usually perceived as antonyms. Therefore, it is possible to assert that they refer to clear and ambiguous formulations. It has been suggested that the tenth–eleventh-century Karaite exegete Yefet ben ̔Eli was generally influenced by Muslim exegesis and that he adopted its terminology in that he used the same set of terms to describe similar scriptural phenomena. This article advances a hypothesis that irrespectively of Yefet’s general adoption of the Islamic hermeneutic distinction between two kinds of divine utterances – clear and ambiguous – he defines them differently as ‘precise’ or ‘specific’ and ‘imprecise’, ‘unspecified’ or ‘indeterminate’ sayings. Furthermore, he calls the second type of utterance by a different Arabic term (
mursal
).
Politics and astrology in the thought of R. Abraham Ibn Ezra
Authors: Ratson Menachem
Published: April 2016

This article shows the connection between the political and social principles in the thought of R. Abraham Ibn Ezra and astrology. The analysis has proven that there are two pivotal, interconnected points concerning the political and social order: one, the stars are the most important element in the human world, especially regarding political and social matters; two, astrological influence is mainly negative and creates suffering. This is the foundation of the humane attitude in Ibn Ezra’s thought. In his scattered yet consistent comments, he offers a complete mechanism of saving the human being based on the stars. Because human beings are political creatures, Ibn Ezra’s solution uses a political instrument par excellence. The political framework requires the use of the wisdom and tools provided by the Torah. The community must be moral and helpful to each person harmed by the decrees of the stars. This behaviour will ensure both individual and collective survival.
The evil spirit outside the Lurianic context: an examination of the 1602 Yiddish ‘Tale about a Youth Possessed by an Evil Spirit’
Authors: Kotlerman Ber
Published: April 2016

The most extensive collection of its time of tales presented in late medieval (Western) Yiddish,
Mayse Bukh
(Basel, 1602), apparently contains the earliest published detailed account of a Safed
dybbuk
, but the character of the story indicates that its presenters had no interest in the Safed circle of Kabbalists. Exploiting the context in which it presents the story, the
Mayse Bukh
does not use the tale about the expulsion of an evil spirit in order to glorify the mystical powers of the
Ari
(Rabbi Isaak Luria) and his colleagues. It is also hard to accept the ‘pedagogical’ approach, which claims that the tale’s aim was to discuss contemporary moral problems. The moralistic side, indeed, is presented here, but rather as an audacious ‘decoding’ illustration of the Talmudic ideas in circumstances much closer to the readers of the
Mayse Bukh
. The rather abstract
yetser har̓a
, or evil inclination, is here replaced by the much more tangible
beyz ruekh/ruah ra̓a
(Yiddish/Hebrew), or evil spirit. The parallel between the two phenomena, evil spirit and evil inclination, transformed the Talmud’s theoretical discussion into a presentation of concrete sins. In this way the
Mayse Bukh
, written in the language of the common people lacking any sacred status, offers a quite distinctive view of the
dybbuk
phenomenon.

In Memory of Joseph Sherman
Breuer, Hirsch and Jewish nationalism: change and continuity – principle versus supra-principle
Authors: Brown Benjamin
Published: April 2016

The article suggests a simple model, based on the distinction between principles and supra-principles, as a tool for tracking the continuity that may exist between teacher and follower in spite of the apparent difference between them. The model is exemplified through a particular case study: Isaac Breuer was the grandson of Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch, and presented himself as his disciple. However, a critical examination of the opinions of the two regarding the crucial question of Jewish nationalism reveals that their principles were quite different: Hirsch was against Jewish nationalism, Breuer fought for it. Notwithstanding, at the level of supra-principles the continuity is preserved: advocating the supra-principle of
Torah im Derekh Eretz
, both viewed ‘Torah’ (i.e. the Halakhah) as eternal and immutable and ‘
Derekh Eretz
’ (work/culture) as the demand to give changing responses to the changing challenges of the time. The change in principles regarding Jewish nationalism was, therefore, concomitant with the change in challenges. This model is likewise found to be applicable to the opposite change that took place in Hungarian ultra-Orthodoxy, from warm support of aliyah to
Eretz Yisrael
to fierce opposition to it. The supra-principle of building fences against the ‘New’ (i.e. the modern and the moderns) stood behind both of them.
The Byzantine Hebrew tradition as reflected in MS Cambridge of the Mishnah
Authors: Henshke Yehudit
Published: April 2016

This article examines the vocalization tradition reflected by a mid-fifteenth-century Byzantine manuscript of the Mishnah, MS Cambridge, Add. 470.1. Comparison to other vocalization traditions, including the Tiberian and Palestinian traditions and the later Italian, Spanish and early Ashkenazic vocalization traditions, demonstrates not only that the Mishnaic tradition in Byzantium possesses unique features but also the greater affinity of these features to the pre-Ashkenazic tradition than to the Spanish one.
From France to Provence: the assimilation of the Tosafists’ innovations in the Provençal Talmudic tradition
Authors: Reiner Avraham Rami
Published: April 2016

The Tosafists’ approach to Talmudic exegesis was developed in northern France during the twelfth century. The founding fathers of this system in France were Rabbi Ya’akov ben Meir (Rabbenu Tam), grandson of Rashi, and Rabbi Yitzhak ben Shmuel of Dampierre (R’i HaZaken). The Tosafist system spread from northern France to Germany, England, Eastern Europe and Provence during the twelfth century, and reached Spain a generation later. This article describes the entry of the Tosafist system into Provence by examining its use by a number of late-twelfth- century Provençal sages, including Rabbi Avraham, composer of
HaEshkol
, Rabbi Zerahiah Halevi, Rabbi Yitzhak ben Abba Mari of Marseilles and Raabad (Rabbi Avraham ben David of Posquières). Their enthusiasm about the new exegetical approach was tempered by their awareness that it could change the ancient customs of their communities.
Nahmanides’ addenda to his
Commentary on the Pentateuch
in light of MS Cambridge 525
Authors: Jacobs Jonathan , Ofer Yosef
Published: April 2016

In this article we seek to present, for the first time, a new finding testifying to the addenda which Nahmanides introduced into his
Commentary on the Pentateuch
after reaching the Land of Israel. We found that MS S (Cambridge 525), which contains only the Book of Genesis, shows evidence of a list of addenda. The contribution of MS S to the study of the addenda which Nahmanides introduced into his
Commentary
is twofold: first, the new findings lend weight to the assumption that Nahmanides did compile a list of addenda to his
Commentary on the Book of Genesis
– a list which is no longer extant. In addition, these findings support the assertion that Nahmanides added to his
Commentary
many addenda fragments beyond those documented in the lists known to us – an assertion which, until now, had been based solely on comparisons between the different manuscripts. Over the past few years we have analysed these addenda, and they are given extensive treatment in a book on this subject which is due for publication in the near future.
Portrayal of Christians in Ephraim of Bonn’s
Sefer Zekhira
: an alternate Ashkenazic voice
Authors: Levin Chaviva
Published: April 2016

Ephraim of Bonn’s tale of a crusader attack on Jacob Tam during the Second Crusade and its contrast with that author’s story of Amnon of Mainz raise questions about this author’s attitude towards Christians in
Sefer Zekhira
, his Hebrew narrative of the Second Crusade. Close reading of this text reveals that Ephraim of Bonn adopts a strikingly positive attitude towards Christians in his portrayal of the Jewish experience during the Second Crusade. This attitude is visible in Ephraim’s depiction of Bernard of Clairvaux as a Mordekhai-like hero and in its portrayal of Christians as neighbours and divine agents. This article concludes that
Sefer Zekhira
’s positive portrayal of Christians is a reflection both of Ephraim of Bonn’s goals in writing his narrative, including providing effective strategies for Jewish survival during the impending Third Crusade, and of the effective protection afforded Rhineland Jewry by their Christian neighbours during the Second Crusade.
Decorated Masorah on the openings between quires in Masoretic Bible manuscripts
Authors: Halperin Dalia-Ruth
Published: April 2016

Many Masoretic Bible manuscripts are adorned with micrography. The present article relates to Bible manuscripts in which we find identical micrography decorations on the bottom margins on one or both sides of openings between quires, and is thus at the intersection where the history of art meets codicology. In this article I show that this scribal art decoration, which is found in Oriental, Sefardi and Ashkenazi Bible manuscripts, developed into a pattern of identical and unique designs for the openings between quires in a given manuscript and suggest that apart from adding embellishment this type of decoration also served a quiring aid.
Samuel Alexander’s theism and its relation to Jewish thought
Authors: Haberman Jacob
Published: April 2016

Samuel Alexander (1859–1938) was a leading philosopher in England during the first four decades of the twentieth century. Born in Sydney, Australia, he graduated from Balliol College, Oxford with First Class Honours in Classical and Mathematical Moderations and a First Class in Greats. He was a professor at Manchester University for thirty-two years, and served as president of the Aristotelian Society from 1908 to 1911 and again in 1936–37. In June 1930 the Order of Merit was conferred upon Alexander, recognizing his inestimable contribution to philosophy and his magnum opus,
Space, Time, and Deity
(1920). Alexander took an active part in Jewish communal affairs and was a lifelong member of the Manchester Reform Synagogue. In a letter written by Alexander (dated 31 August 1931) to an unnamed correspondent, he states that ‘I say nowadays that in spite of its manifest insufficiency I stick to Judaism...’ Professor John Laird, Alexander’s literary executor, makes this letter the basis of his examination of Alexander’s theism. This article examines some affinities of Alexander’s theism to, in particular, Maimonides’
Guide of the Perplexed
.
Whence the 72? The Peisistratus myth and the Letter of Aristeas
Authors: Neubert Luke
Published: April 2016

This article compares a form of the Peisistratus myth in the Scholia to Dionysius Thrax to the basic outline of the translation legend in the Letter of Aristeas. The key to reconstructing the commonalities is the number 72, which was hitherto a crux in the interpretation of the Letter of Aristeas. After outlining the basic narrative in the Letter of Aristeas, the Scholia is presented in translation and the different forms of the Peisistratus myth are discussed, in order to determine the plausibility of the view that roots of this form of the myth were known in Ptolemaic Alexandria and utilized by the author of the Letter of Aristeas. This new appropriation of Homeric scholarship to show the superiority of the transmission and translation of the LXX over the Homeric poems adds considerably to our knowledge of the method of the Letter of Aristeas.
The Synagogue at Sepphoris – a revised chronology
Authors: Ma’oz Zvi Uri
Published: April 2016

This article attempts to argue that the conclusions reached by the Sepphoris synagogue’s excavator, Prof. Zeev Weiss, regarding its dating – namely, that it was constructed no later than 410 CE and destroyed in 631–632 CE – is incorrect. Rather, the building was probably founded around 500 or 600 CE and destroyed in the earthquakes of 631–632 or 749 CE.
Biblical stars in medieval Jewish thought (tenth–twelfth centuries)
Authors: Sela Shlomo
Published: April 2016

The twelfth century witnessed a new Jewish interest in the fixed stars, which finds its major expression in the first-ever Hebrew lists of constellations and fixed stars. These are in fact translations into Hebrew of Arabic lists, which ultimately go back to the star catalogue in Ptolemy’s
Almagest
. This article focuses on one limited but eye-catching aspect of this intellectual phenomenon: stars names found in the Bible appear in twelfth-century Hebrew lists of fixed stars side by side with other names that are either Hebrew translations or transliterations of the Arabic names. To explain this metamorphosis, we begin with the Scriptural references to stars and look at the Talmudic relevant comments. Then we examine the contribution by Saadia Gaon, who, we argue, was the first to link biblical and Arabic star names. Finally, the bulk of this article is devoted to the role of biblical stars in the writings of Abraham Bar Ḥiyya and Abraham Ibn Ezra.
Comparative studies on draft performance of Red Kandhari bullock with pneumatic and iron bullock cart
Authors: Ingle V. S. , Siddiqui M. F. , Channa G. R. , Kankarne Y. G.
Published: April 2016

A study was conducted to estimate the draft performance and to aware farmer for working efficiency of Red Kandhari bullocks. Carting trials were carried out with pneumatic (C1) and iron cart (C2), on field (R1), kaccha (R2) and tar road (R3) with load of L1 (1000kg), L2 (750kg) and L3 (500 kg). The draft generated by bullock with combination of C2, L1 and R1 has given the highest draft of 141.18 kg, where as the combination of C1, L3 and R3 has given the lowest draft of 25.63 kg. combination of C1, L3 and R3 has given the highest speed of 5.66 km/hr, whereas; the combination of C2, L1 and R1 has given the lowest speed of 2.32 km/hr. Combination of C2, L1 and R1 has given the highest horse power of 1.21, whereas; the combination of C1, L3 and R3 has given the lowest horse power of 0.53. The overall performance of Red Kandhari bullock with pneumatic carts showed significant differences (P <0.01) and superiority compared to iron cart as far as the draft, carting speed and horse power were concerned.
Investigation of acid tolerance attribute of various Lactobacillus casei group strains
Authors: Kandola*1 Suman , Teotia1 Udai vir Singh , Kumar2 Rajneesh , Mishra3 Anand K. , Singh4 Alka
Published: April 2016

Lactobacillus casei group is commonly used as probiotics. Various factors affect their viability in gastrointestinal tract. Twenty two strains of Lactobacillus casei group, were assessed for acid tolerance attribute. ASCC 292 showed the highest viability at pH 1.5. Fifteen remaining strains have shown no activity after 1 h. At pH 2.0, ASCC 1002 has shown lowest viability after 2 h of incubation. At pH 2.5, all twenty two strains decreased their viable count after 3 h of incubation. Greater viable count of Lactobacillus strains were observed at pH 3.0. This study suggests the importance to identify all the useful Lactobacillus strains in order to study further for their therapeutic benefits.
Nutrient intake, digestibility, milk production and composition of lactating cows fed oat hay and concentrate containing varying levels of poultry litter
Authors: Pal1 R.S. , Singh K.S. , Tripathi*2 M.K.
Published: April 2016

Utilization of poultry litter (PL) to replace soybean meal in cow diets was studied. 24 lactating cows divided in four groups, fed for 90 days with ad-libitum oat hay and concentrate mixture to meet energy and protein requirements. Concentrate fed to control animals contained de-oiled soybean meal (DSM) as protein supplement, which was replaced at 25, 37.5 and 50 % with PL in concentrate II, III and IV, PL accounted 28, 42 and 56 % levels respectively, and fed to cows of T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups. PL contained CP 18.0 % and energy 3.75 Mcal/kg DM. DM intake (DMI) varied from 2.4 to 2.6 % of body weight, while milk production ranged from 5.6 to 6.3 kg, which were similar among four groups. Study concluded that PL can be included in the concentrate mixtures of cows up to 56 % without reduction in DMI, digestibility and milk production.
Correlation of body condition score, weight, measurements and effect of parity and stage of lactation on milk parameters of Gir cows
Authors: Mashalji* Prashant , Siddiqui M.F. , Channa G.R. , Ingle1 V.S. , Kankarne Y.G.
Published: April 2016

Experiment was conducted on 100 Gir cows of different parity and stage of lactation maintained at Ashti Dairy Farm, Ashti, taluka Partur, district Jalna of Maharashtra state. The present experiment was carried out to know the effect of parities and stage of lactation on milk parameters viz; Weekly Milk Yield (WMY), Weekly Fat Corrected Milk Yield (WFCMY), Fat and Solid Not Fat (SNF) percent and correlation between Body Condition Score (BCS), Body Weight (BW) and body measurements viz; height at wither, height at hook, heart girth and body length with milk parameters. The Least Squares Analysis of Variance has revealed significant effect of parity on the WMY, WFCMY and Fat percentage whereas, significant effect of stages of lactation on the WMY and WFCMY of Gir cows. The positive to negative significant correlation coefficients of body condition score with WMY (0.110); Height at wither with WMY (0.131) and Fat percent (-0.156); Hearth girth with WMY (0.125) and Fat percent (-0.155) and Body length with Fat percent (-0.139) respectively.
Epidemiology of Canine distemper and Canine parvovirus in pet dogs in Wenzhou, China
Authors: Luo* Houqiang , LI1 Kun , Zhang2 Hui
Published: April 2016

Canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) are two common high morbidity and mortality rates viruses in pet dogs. The current research was designed to investigate the two common diseases in pet dogs in Wenzhou, China. Secretions of eyes, nasal cavities and faeces samples from 2406 pet dogs from various districts of Wenzhou were collected at Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, affiliated pet hospital from March of 2010 to December of 2014 and were tested CDV and CPV by commercially available rapid test Kits. Results indicated that the overall prevalence of CDV, CPV, and both viruses infections in pet dogs were observed 28.5% (685); 19.6% (471); and 7.0% (168), respectively in Wenzhou, China.
Total factor productivity growth of pigeon pea crop in Maharashtra
Authors: Sanap* D.J. , More1 S.S. , Bonkalwar1 N.R.
Published: April 2016

Measurement of productivity growth is very essential to take appropriate policy decisions for the development of the agriculture sector. Present study measures total factor Productivity growth of pigeon pea crop in sub-sector of Maharashtra State. The Tornqvist Theil chained Divisia index approach was applied for the measurement of total factor productivity using output and input data of pigeon pea crop. Farm-level data on yield, level of inputs use and their prices for the period 1989-90 to 2008-09 were taken from the state funded cost of cultivation scheme. The multi-variable model was utilized to know the determinants of total factor productivity growth taking total factor productivity as dependent variable. Beside double sown area, other explanatory variables included total amount of loan, net cropped area, area under irrigation, area under high yielding variety, annual rainfall, villages electrified, number of tractors, number of pump sets, road density. The results indicated that total factor productivity growth was positive in pigeon pea crop in sub sector of Maharashtra State. Area under irrigation, area under high yielding varieties, rainfall, and road density has positive and significant impact on total factor productivity of pigeon pea crop in sub- sector.
Moisture conservation and zinc fertilization impacts on quality, profitability and moisture use indices of chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) under limited moisture conditions
Authors: Choudhary* G.L. , Rana K.S. , Bana R.S. , Prajapat K.
Published: April 2016

A field experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the effect of moisture conservation and zinc fertilization on quality, nutrient uptake, profitability and moisture use indices of chickpea in pearlmillet-chickpea cropping sequence under limited moisture conditions. Moisture conservation and zinc fertilization brought considerable improvement in quality, nutrient uptake, profitability and moisture use indices of chickpea during both the years of study. Chickpea planted under flat bed with 5.0 t/ha crop residue recorded significantly higher protein yield and total uptake of N, P and K during both the years of study as compared to flat bed without crop residue and flat bed with 2.5 t/ha crop residue. However, in terms of protein content during 2012-13 and soil profile temperature during both the years all the treatments received crop residue remained at par with each other and proved significantly superior over flat bed without crop residue. Planting of chickpea under narrow bed and furrow fetched significantly higher net returns ( 55,871 and 55,263/ha) and production efficiency ( 372.5 and 337.0/ha/day) and moisture use efficiency (12.34 and 11.05 kg/ha-mm) during both the years of study over flat bed without crop residue and flat bed with 2.5 t/ha crop residue. Whereas, this treatment recorded significantly higher B:C ratio over flat bed with 5.0 t/ha crop residue. Under zinc fertilization, direct application of 5.0 kg Zn/ha significantly improved the protein content in grain during 2013-14 and protein yield, total uptake of N and P, net returns and production efficiency during both the years of investigation over lower levels. But application of 5.0 and 2.5 kg Zn/ha being at par with each other proved significantly better over control in terms of protein content during 2012-13 and total uptake of P, B:C ratio and moisture use efficiency of chickpea during both the years. Residual effect of zinc fertilization was also found to be significant on chickpea. The significant improvement in quality, nutrient uptake, profitability and moisture use efficiency were observed only up to 2.5 kg Zn/ha.
Influence of polymer coated KSL 441 (op) soybean seed on productivity under moisture stress conditions
Authors: Ambika S. , Manonmani V. , Bhaskaran M. , Deepika S.
Published: April 2016

The field experiment was carried out at Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to know the influence of polymer seed coatings on growth and productivity of soybean seed under various moisture stress conditions viz., stress at 50 % flowering stage, stress at pod formation stage and stress at both 50% flowering and pod formation stages along with normal irrigation. The experiment consisted of six seed treatments (untreated control, Genius coat 171, Genius coat 172, Arcus, Myconate and Quick roots) with three replications and was laid out in split plot design. Seeds coated with Quick roots were found to be significantly superior in growth and yield parameters viz., field emergence, plant height, took less days for first and 50 per cent flowering, less disease incidence, higher number of pods plant-1 and seed yield both under normal and moisture stress conditions.
Morphological and cultural characterization of colletotrichum capsici, incitant of blight of chickpea in Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Kumar M. Sunil , Devi R. Sarada Jayalakshmi , Reddy B. V. Bhaskara , Prasanthi L.
Published: April 2016

In Andhra Pradesh, Chickpea is severely affected by wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri) and dry root rot (Rhizoctonia bataticola). In addition to these two diseases, Colletotrichum blight occurred in severe form during rabi 2009 and 2010 due to heavy unusual rains, which resulted in crop failure in many areas leading to re-sowing of the crops. Hence studies were conducted on Colletotrichum blight of chickpea, where a total of seven isolates were collected from major chickpea growing areas of Kurnool, Anantapur, Prakasam and Kadapa districts of Andhra Pradesh. The pathogen was isolated from infected plants and various morphological and cultural characteristics like size and shape of conidia, size of setae, chlamydospores, colony color, colony diameter, sectoring in the culture, mycelia dry weight and sporulation were studied and a great variability was observed among the isolates.
Tierra y Violencia en la Sierra Sur de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Villavicencio Rojas Josué Mario
Published: April 2016

En los Estados de Oaxaca, Chiapas, Veracruz y Guerrero se presentan en mayor frecuencia comunidades rurales con elevados indicadores de pobreza, analfabetismo, y ausencia de los servicios más elementales. De tal situación se aprovechan algunos partidos políticos, organizaciones civiles, abogados, sacerdotes y caciques regionales para promover tensiones sociales que devienen en divisiones entre los pueblos colindantes, debido a la posesión de latierra, uso del agua y de los recursos naturales.En este texto se presenta un panorama general de la difícil situación en que se encuentra la cuestión agraria en Oaxaca, de cómo se manifiestan los pueblos ante los conflictos agrarios, sus demandas, sus tácticas y la forma en que las instituciones federales y estatales tratan desolucionarlos. Asimismo, el testimonio de un caso ocurrido en mayo de 2002, que bajo el pretexto de una disputa ancestral entre dos pueblos debido a la indefinición de sus límites territoriales, la explotación forestal y demás recursos naturales, 26 indígenas fueron masacrados por un grupo paramilitar, a la fecha, la impunidad continúa. Las autoridades gubernamentales apuestan al olvidopermanente, mientras tanto, las 28 viudas y 89 huérfanos siguen esperando los apoyos ofrecidos y que los autores materiales e intelectuales sean castigados de acuerdo a las leyes.
La botica neogranadina de la Compañía de Jesús: un laboratorio para explorar prácticas médicas en la provincia de Santafé, primera mitad del siglo XVIII
Authors: Osorio Oliveros María Eugenia
Published: April 2016

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio del inventario realizado en 1767 a la botica que perteneció al Colegio Máximo de Santafé de la Compañía de Jesús. A través del inventario se pretende poner en conocimiento el ejercicio de las prácticas médicas llevadas a cabo porestos misioneros en la provincia santafereña durante la primera mitad del siglo XVIII. Igualmente, se manifiesta la importancia del intercambio de conocimientos de curación entre los jesuitas y los nativos americanos, el cual fue determinante para la instauración colonial y local del paradigma conocido como el galenismo humanista.
Ciudadanía, Vecindad y sufragio en Cartagena 1810-1834
Authors: Monsalvo Mendoza Edwin
Published: April 2016

El objeto de este artículo es describir los debates que se generaron en Cartagena en torno a la construcción ciudadana. Nuestra hipótesis es que el problema de la ciudadanía se reducía a los discursos de inclusión/ exclusión de algunos sectores sociales en las elecciones.Este debate, a su vez, aunque remitía a unos fundamentos teóricos basados en la libertad del sufragio y en la consecuente independencia del sufragante, en el fondo, no podía alejarse de las características sociales de la sociedad cartagenera de la primera mitad del sigloXIX. Así , cualquier teoría chocaba con la realidad que debían vivir los letrados y miembros de las élites, las cuales servían de catalizadoras de distintas tendencias liberales, por lo que finalmente se imponía la practicidad en los derechos al voto.
Una imagen real de la Argentina: contranarrativas artísticas a través del Archivo Caminante y el proyecto Hegemonía.
Authors: Rosauro Elena
Published: April 2016

Tras el Mundial de Fútbol de 1978 celebrado en Argentina, el entonces ministro de economía de la Junta militar José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz promovió la publicación de un artículo en la revista estadounidense Time, en el que “se daría una imagen real de la Argentina” —en palabras del empresario Carlos Pedro Blaquier, muy cercano alrégimen—. Pero, ¿quién deine el grado de realidad de una imagen?, ¿quién elabora esas “imágenes reales”?, ¿cómo se articulan éstas en el marco de la construcciónde la historia y la identidad nacionales? En este artículo, partiendo de la construcción del pasado llevada a cabo en Argentina a través de las “imágenes reales” producidasdesde las instituciones económicas y artísticas, examinaremos las contra-narrativas que propugnan las imágenes de Eduardo Molinari y su Archivo Caminante y el proyecto colaborativo Hegemonía. Estos dos proyectos artísticos se centran fundamentalmente en las últimas décadas del siglo XX, y tienen el objetivo de dar visibilidada las relaciones existentes entre los grupos económicos, el ejército, los políticos y el sistema cultural en Argentina. Estas relaciones han dado legitimidad a ciertos procesosde construcción de narrativas “reales” así como a ciertas prácticas artísticas, mientras que han rechazado otras.
El juego de Tejo ¿Un símbolo nacional o un proyecto inconcluso?
Authors: Rodríguez Gabriel Abello
Published: April 2016

El presente trabajo reivindica una práctica autóctona colombiana, como es el Juego de Tejo o Turmequé. Al visibilizar las intenciones de un pequeño sector de la élite, con rasgos nacionalistas e higienistas, quienes pretendieron en los intersticios de la década del veinte y treinta del siglo XX, utilizar este juego popular como un instrumento civilizatorio de los sectores populares, al convertirlo en el deporte nacional de los colombianos. Sus intenciones fueron masificar los deportes, generar disciplina y controlar el ocio de hombres y mujeres, además de pretender ser un referente identitario que permitiera la construcción de una identidad nacional.
La prosopografía en la investigación histórica. Jorge Roa Martínez, Boyacá-1891, Pereira-1966
Authors: Tarazona Álvaro Acevedo
Published: April 2016

Explorar la prosopografía, considerada antiguamente como una disciplina autónoma, hoy incorporada al trabajo historiográfico para el estudio de las trayectorias de vida de un sujeto y de su colectivo social es lo que atañe en este artículo resultado de investigación. El análisis y sistematización de este resultado pretende acercarse a la vida de una personalidad en el marco de lo que se ha denominado la historia de lo intelectual como una historia de la cultura, a propósito de las discusiones de un tema historiográfico que cada día adquiere más vigencia.
El consumo de bebidas embriagantes durante el proceso de Independencia de Colombia: aliento, festejo y conspiración
Authors: Pico Roger Pita
Published: April 2016

Este trabajo tiene por objeto indagar sobre la influencia del consumo de bebidas embriagantes durante el período de Independencia de Colombia. En estos tiempos de guerra, se amplió el uso de estas bebidas a las tropas en campaña y al campo de batalla, a veces con consecuencias insospechadas debido a los excesos. Diversas fueron las aplicaciones de estas bebidas, según las circunstancias y las intenciones: vigor, paliativo, conjura o como ingrediente predilecto para la celebración.
Uma comissão nacional de ética em pesquisa, as ciências biomédicas e as ciências humanas: trespassing à brasileira
Authors: Santos Luiz Antonio de Castro , Jeolás Leila
Published: April 2016

O texto revela  a preocupação dos cientistas sociais  brasileiros com as resoluções do Conselho Nacional de Saúde sobre  a ética  na  pesqui- sa. Desde  1996,  o Conselho Nacional de Saúde (CNS) e a Comissão Nacional de  Ética  em  Pesquisa (Conep)  procuram criar  o controle, burocrático e autoritário, sobre  as áreas  de atuação das  Ciências So- ciais  e Humanas. Trata-se de  um  caso  ilegítimo de  “trespassing” na história da comunidade científica brasileira. A noção  de “trespassing” remete à necessária transdisciplinaridade das ciências; ao diálogo  e à intersubjetividade; à narrativa plural e à “aventura”. Contudo, o arti- go lamenta a transgressão “à brasileira” – quando o necessário diálogo entre  campos do conhecimento cedeu lugar à imposição de normas e condutas pela  bioética. Chama-se a atenção para  o equívoco insaná- vel, que  consistiu na transposição “oficial”,  para  o terreno do social, de um código de ética aplicável à pesquisa clínica e aos experimentos em humanos.
Trabalho e os desafios da pesquisa sociológica
Authors: Ramalho José Ricardo
Published: April 2016

Discutir o trabalho na sociedade contemporânea é condição essencial para qualquer análise sociológica sobre processos de mudança social. Crises recentes do sistema de produção capitalista, a introdução de novos mecanismos de controle do trabalho e de organização nas empresas, o uso de tecnologias da informação, a submissão das atividades econômicas à lógica de um mercado globalizado, resultaram em alterações significativas nas formas de emprego assalariado e na disseminação de ocupações marcadas por atipicidade e precariedade. A proposta do texto é identificar e problematizar os principais desafios de interpretação e as principais fronteiras colocadas para a sociologia (do trabalho) nesse novo contexto e sugerir uma revisão de enfoques e de temas de pesquisa.
Redes e movimentos sociais projetando o futuro
Authors: Scherer-Warren Ilse
Published: April 2016

Este artigo tem dois objetivos principais: inicialmente, discutir como surgiram e se desenvolveram na sociologia e nas ciências humanas brasileiras estudos sobre movimentos sociais através das abordagens das redes sociais e quais seus principais encaminhamentos teóricos; em segundo lugar, desenvolver uma proposta teórico-metodológica para a análise dos movimentos sociais contemporâneos, especialmente situados no Sul global e, em particular na América Latina. Para tanto remeteu-se às contribuições dos estudos descoloniais e das redes sociais, examinando como esses podem se complementar, cooperando mutuamente para a construção de novas sínteses ou modelos interpretativos das diversas modalidades do ativismo contemporâneo.
Revisitando os fundamentos das modernidades periféricas: dádiva, mercado e pacto colonial
Authors: Martins Paulo Henrique
Published: April 2016

As particularidades das modernidades nas atuais sociedades pós-coloniais na América Latina se explicam a partir da análise do caráter paradoxal dos pactos coloniais. Tais paradoxos resultam da variedade de lógicas instituintes do imaginário sócio-histórico da colonização, em particular aquelas da dádiva e do interesse mercantil, que influíram sobre os processos de desenvolvimento periféricos. Diríamos que a colonialidade contribuiu com seu próprio artesanato para a configuração da sociedade global e que ela continua sendo importante para entender certas particularidades do desenvolvimento do capitalismo e das possibilidades de reação altersistêmicas ao capitalismo no sistema-mundo.
O artesanato intelectual na sociologia
Authors: Martins José de Souza
Published: April 2016

A história da imaginação sociológica no Brasil contem extenso elenco de criativas e até antecipadoras variantes do que C. Wright-Mills denominou artesanato intelectual. Aqui, o artesanato intelectual teve muito pouco a ver com uma opção epistemológica em face das reduções abstratas da grande teoria. Tem sido muito mais reconhecimento da riqueza de conteúdo de uma realidade singular e densa. O artesanato intelectual é mais do que a mera tecnica de obtenção de dados. É uma troca. Não há como utilizar o artesanato sem dar algo em troca do que se recebe. No artesanato, o observador é observado, o decifrador é decifrado. Sem o que não há interação. Sem interação não há como situar e compreender; situar-se e compreender-se no outro.
Notas sobre a história da sociologia no ensino secundário de Portugal
Authors: Neuhold Roberta dos Reis
Published: April 2016

Esse artigo inicia uma incursão pela história da Sociologia em Portugal para analisar os sentidos a ela atribuídos quando introduzida nos planos de estudos do ensino secundário, em meio ao movimento de redemocratização do país fortalecido em meados da década de 1970. Recorre a entrevistas e, sobretudo, pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, tendo como foco a legislação educacional, manuais didáticos e propostas curriculares oficiais. Aponta que, como no ensino superior, havia a expectativa, entre os cientistas sociais, de que a Sociologia, por um lado, fornecesse aos jovens fundamentos teóricos e métodos de intervenção em uma sociedade em intensa transformação; e, por outro lado, que lhes proporcionasse conhecimentos favoráveis ao desenvolvimento de uma provável formação vocacional, despertando o interesse pelo prosseguimento dos estudos na ãrea das Ciências Sociais.
Juventude, igualdade e protestos
Authors: Scalon Celi
Published: April 2016

O artigo se refere a conferência proferida no XVI Congresso Brasileiro de Sociologia, em Salvador. Nele, busco analisar as jornadas de Junho de 2013, ocorridas em todo o Brasil, a luz do debate sobre desigualdades, classes sociais e juventude. Para tanto, foram incorporados resultados de várias pesquisas, quantitativas e qualitativas, realizadas em diferentes periodos.
Pensando segurança pública no brasil: desafios para a pesquisa
Authors: Porto Maria Stela Grossi
Published: April 2016

O artigo busca ressaltar os múltiplos desafios com os quais se defronta a sociologia em seu esforço de compreensão do tema da Segurança Pública na contemporaneidade brasileira. Objetiva, particularmente, refletir sobre a Compreensão sociológica desta teniãtica, pensada em termos de desdobramentos e efeitos dos fenômenos circunscritos ao que Verri sendo chamado o “problema da violência urbana e da segurança pública”. Questiona a importância de se refletir sobre o contexto brasileiro atual, palco para fenômenos que, se não são novos, em si mesmos, trazem sentidos novos em suas formas de concretização, a exemplo das recentes manifestações sociais, ocorridas inicialmente em 2013 e conhecidas como 'manifestações de junho', as quais demandam ser compreendidas tanto sob o ângulo da sociedade civil quanto daquele do aparato institucional-legal, sobretudo policial. O texto se desenvolve a partir do levantamento de alguns desafios com os quais se defronta a sociologia para levar adiante uma agenda de pesquisa voltada a violência, segurança pública, crime, justiça e polícia. A argumentação se utiliza da Teoria das Representações Sociais -TRS- enquanto recurso teórico metodológico, inserindo representações sociais no contexto sociológico das reflexões teóricas e da produção de conhecimento sobre segurança pública. Privilegiar a analise das representações significa reconhecer sua importância corno estrategia de conhecimento do social, admitindo que produzam um tipo de conhecimento que interroga a realidade atraves do que se pensa sobre ela.
Ensino da sociologia no Rio Grande do Sul: histórico da disciplina, formação do professor e finalidade pedagógica
Authors: Mocelin Daniel Gustavo , Raizer Leandro
Published: April 2016

O ensino da sociologia no ensino médio – seu significado, relevância, prática e realidade – está entre alguns dos temas mais fecundos, relevantes e atuais na educação brasileira. Prova disso é o número crescente de eventos, estudos, pesquisas e publicações que têm se dedicado a essa questão. Embora seja inegável o acúmulo de conhecimento, ainda existem muitos elementos, lacunas e dimensões – de diversas ordens, que precisam ser investigados e debatidos. Entre esses, destaca-se o resgate da memória nacional e regional do ensino da disciplina; e a questão do perfil do professor, sua formação, práticas e percepções sobre a finalidade pedagógica do ensino da sociologia. Tomando o caso do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) como objeto de análise, o artigo apresenta o histórico da disciplina nesse estado e analisa as transformações recentes no ensino da sociologia, tanto em termos da legislação como de indicadores atuais sobre a sua presença nas escolas, o número de professores e a oferta de cursos de graduação em ciências sociais. Na parte final o artigo apresenta resultados de um estudo sobre o perfil de professores de sociologia que atuam no ensino médio gaúcho, dando destaque à área de formação, habilitação, sexo, faixa etária, disciplinas ministradas, uso do livro didático, e percepção dos professores sobre dificuldades para o ensino da sociologia nas escolas e sobre a finalidade pedagógica da sociologia no ensino médio.
Mestrado profissional em ciências sociais para o ensino médio: a experiência nos horizontes da formação continuada para professores
Authors: Zarias Alexandre , Monteiro Allan , Barreto Túlio Velho
Published: April 2016

A formação continuada de professores de Sociologia para o ensino médio é um dos meios de consolidação da disciplina nos currículos escolares. Por meio de cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu na área, cria-se um espaço de circulação do conhecimento que une a experiência de professores em sala de aula com a atividade sistematizada de ensino e pesquisa. O ponto de partida para reflexões a esse respeito é o Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Sociais para o Ensino Médio da Fundação Joaquim Nabuco (MPCS-Fundaj), em funcionamento desde 2012. Neste artigo, destaca-se o papel do professor de Sociologia na ótica de Wright Mills, o perfil do público que busca o MPCS e também suas expectativas. Conclui-se que estamos muito distantes de compreender as demandas dos professores de Sociologia no que diz respeito à prática científica e domínio dos conteúdos específicos da disciplina no ensino médio.
Centro de referência virtual do professor - CRV: portal de apoio didático pedagógico para o professor de sociologia
Authors: Guimarães Elisabeth da Fonseca , Alves Elaine Gonçalves
Published: April 2016

Este artigo analisa a utilização do portal educacional da Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Minas Gerais (SEEMG) - o Centro de Referência Virtual do Professor (CRV) - pelos docentes de Sociologia das escolas públicas de ensino médio de Uberlândia. Apresenta aspectos básicos das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) e a prática docente na cibercultura. Esclarece a distinção entre portais e portais educacionais, apresentando o portal CRV como interface pedagógica virtual disponível para auxiliar os professores de Sociologia em atividades didático-pedagógicas. Conclui que o portal apresenta conteúdos e informações confiáveis para a prática docente de Sociologia, porém, é um recurso que está sendo subutilizado, devido à falta de interesse em divulgá-lo.
Trajetórias, travessias e produtores: sociologias, conhecimentos e os autores dos livros coletâneas sobre o ensino de sociologia na educação básica
Authors: Eras Lígia Wilhelms
Published: April 2016

Este artigo retrata as condições da produção e a trajetória de grupo, por análise prosopográfica das trajetórias sociopessoais de formação escolar e acadêmica, socioprofissionais dos autores/escritores dos capítulos dos livros coletâneas sobre o Ensino de Ciências Sociais/Sociologia na Educação Básica, cujo recorte temporal é o período de 2008 a 2013.
Uma hermenêutica das conversações interiores: a noção de sujeito em Margaret Archer e em Hans-George Gadamer
Authors: Hamlin Cynthia Lins
Published: April 2016

O presente trabalho consiste em  uma  reflexão sobre  a ontolo- gia do sujeito implícita à teoria  da agência de Margaret Archer. Com base  nas  vertentes mais individualistas do pragmatismo, Archer apropria-se da  noção  de  conversações interiores a fim de destacar o caráter reflexivo e privado do self, revelando uma concepção de  sujeito hiperreflexivo e autocentrado. A herme- nêutica de Gadamer é apresentada como uma  alternativa a esta ontologia. Argumento que  sua  teoria da  interpretação repousa sobre  uma  concepção dialógica de  sujeito cujas  conversações interiores sublinham a centralidade das práticas na construção da  subjetividade. Ao estabelecer que  a (auto)compreensão de- pende de um encontro com a diferença e a alteridade, Gadamer, ao mesmo tempo que nega a autotransparência e o fechamento do sujeito, abre  a possibilidade  de (auto)consciência e reflexi- vidade na agência humana.
Família, trabalho e desigualdades no início do século XXI
Authors: Montali Lilia
Published: April 2016

Este  ensaio trata  da  relação família-trabalho, suas  mudanças e per- manências, tendo como  referência teórica a abordagem da  “divisão sexual do trabalho” enquanto noção  que  articula a esfera  produtiva e a esfera reprodutiva e define os lugares de homens e de mulheres nestas esferas. Com  base  nestas referências são  apresentadas infor- mações que  indicam como  foram  pequenas as mudanças na relação família-trabalho quando se consideram as relações assimétricas de- finidas pela  divisão sexual do trabalho. Mostra  que  embora cresça  a participação das  mulheres no  mercado de  trabalho no  Brasil  desde 1970,  e desde os  anos  80  cresça  a participação das  mulheres-côn- juges,  esta  ocorre  sob  a permanência da  desigualdade de gênero  no mercado de trabalho. Destaca  que  tal desigualdade tem por origem  a divisão sexual do tradalho e que esta dificulta a superação da pobreza em domicílios com encargos por crianças.