bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ICD surgery: highlighting the psychological consequences
Authors: Jackson Alun C , Murphy Barbara
Published: October 2017

An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) can terminate episodes of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, thereby reducing the risk of sudden death in patients with a range of cardiac diseases. It is recommended as both a primary and secondary prevention measure. The survival benefit of ICD surgery is well documented, and it is a cost-effective alternative to optimal pharmacological therapy to prevent sudden cardiac death. Many patients who have had an ICD fitted, however, experience compromised quality of life as well as depression and anxiety after implantation. ICD shocks, whether appropriate or inappropriate, play an important role in the post-surgery experience of ICD recipients, as does personality and social support. Psychological screening of patients who have an ICD fitted is recommended as part of cardiac rehabilitation.
Sleep and cardiovascular effects of behavioural therapies for insomnia
Authors: Miranda Joyal , Sidani Souraya , Fredericks Suzanne , Fox Mary
Published: October 2017

Background:

Insomnia increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases. Stimulus control therapy (SCT) and sleep restriction therapy (SRT) are behavioural interventions which are effective for managing insomnia, but their effectiveness in alleviating symptoms precursor to or indicative of cardiovascular diseases is unknown.

Aims:

To evaluate the effects of SCT and SRT, on insomnia and cardiovascular symptoms, in persons with chronic insomnia.

Methods:

A randomised controlled trial was used. Participants (n=55) randomised to either SCT, SRT or no treatment group completed the study. Outcome data were collected before and after a 4-week treatment period.

Results:

Participants in the SRT group reported a reduction in perceived insomnia, and those in the SRT and SCT groups showed a reduction in cardiovascular symptoms.

Conclusion:

SRT and SCT are effective for improving insomnia and have the potential to reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases in individuals with chronic insomnia, as well as to manage insomnia when it is experienced with cardiovascular diseases.
Cardiac rehabilitation: making a business case based on the evidence
Authors: Gore Louise , Doherty Patrick
Published: October 2017

Background:

Cardiovascular disease and its management, are associated with a sizeable burden, on the NHS and UK economy each year. In addition to reducing mortality and improving quality of life, cardiac rehabilitation is effective at reducing unplanned readmissions.

Purpose:

This study was undertaken to ascertain if the national Department of Health cardiac rehabilitation (CR) cost model, promoting the benefits achieved through reduced unplanned readmissions, could be replicated in a real NHS setting using local data.

Methodology:

Patient data were retrospectively analysed for 30-day unplanned readmissions within specific cardiac diagnosis and treatment codes. National audit data were reviewed to ascertain local uptake of CR, and local databases used to ascertain the individual cost of providing CR, as well as the cost per unplanned readmission. The CR readmission costs were applied in the context of NHS England's ambition of 65% and 33% uptake in conventional cardiac patients and those with heart failure respectively.

Results:

The Department of Health model applied in the local context to conventional CR patients shows a potential saving; after taking into consideration the cost of delivering a CR programme to conventional cardiac patients at 65% uptake, this would lead to a saving of over £26 000. The equivalent model applied to 33% of eligible heart failure patients yields a potential benefit of over £19 000.

Conclusion:

A cost-saving readmissions approach, based on the Department of Health model, has been applied locally and could, if implemented, yield significant savings if CR programme uptake was delivered at the recommended levels.
Insertion of an ICD for Brugada syndrome
Authors: Lovegrove Hannah
Published: October 2017

Brugada syndrome is an inherited heart condition that affects the electrophysiology in the structurally normal heart. As a result of this, it can cause ventricular arrhythmias. Diagnosis is not always straightforward and cannot always be recognised on an electrocardiogram. Patients will undergo investigations for diagnosis and analysis of their risk of ventricular arrhythmias. The results will lead to appropriate treatment recommendations. The present article will critically analyse current research and guidelines used for the risk stratification of ventricular arrhythmias in Brugada syndrome. Alongside this, there is a case study of a 60-year-old man with an incidental finding of Brugada syndrome that was asymptomatic. The case study discusses the psychosocial issues surrounding ICD insertion and diagnosis of a sudden cardiac death syndrome. The need for an international registry to understand the syndrome is necessary. In the meantime, educating patients about risk-reducing lifestyle choices is important.
Modern management in acute wound care
Authors: Browning Paul
Published: October 2017

Your skin is your body's largest organ, which when breached leads to a number of biological activities aimed at restoring normal function. Acute wounds heal spontaneously as a result of these biological functions, while those wounds stuck in a healing phase are referred to as chronic. An average Clincal Commissioning Group managed 11 200 wounds in 2012, which is set to grow to 23 000 by 2019. This article examines how wounds are classified into a common language, and collates a number of key challenges to UK healthcare managers juggling budgets with patient outcome. This includes the Commissioning for Quality and Innovation targets, Clinical Evaluation Team and the importance of measuring the true cost of care rather than unit cost alone.
Dog bite injuries: can the old dog be taught new tricks?
Authors: Lightowler Bryan , Pape Hilary
Published: October 2017

Dog bite injuries are a common cause of patient presentation to NHS emergency departments (EDs) and minor injuries units, and are generally associated with a low level of acuity, despite an inherent capacity for significant soft tissue damage to be inflicted by canine jaws capable of exerting terrific bite forces. Anatomical sites for injury correlate to victim age, with hand and wrist injuries predominating in the adult population. The most common complication is infection secondary to inoculation of oral flora, with the hands being particularly vulnerable due to their anatomy. Injuries to structures such as tendons can be discreet, and retained foreign bodies can easily be overlooked. Wound care has a propensity to attract a disproportionately high level of malpractice actions, and approaches to the management of dog bite injuries have largely been empirical, which may render the practitioner particularly exposed. In response to increasing pressures on healthcare systems, paramedics with extended scopes of practice, including wound care and suturing, are being utilised to assess, manage, treat, and either refer or discharge patients with apparently minor injuries, in strategies aimed at reducing hospital admissions. This article adopts a case study format to examine and evaluate treatment modalities and the current evidence base informing best practice in terms of dog bite injuries from the perspective of a paramedic practitioner, with critical reflection on the decision making process and complexities of such episodes of care in the pre-hospital setting.
Cultural audits as tools for enabling processes of change in the NHS
Authors: Mitra Mahima , Brankin Máire , Brankin Paul
Published: October 2017

The organisations that make up the NHS are subject to frequent change, either as a result of top-down restructuring, or of internal reorganisation. There is considerable evidence that one key to the success of such change lies in understanding the culture of the organisation that is undergoing change, with various authors suggesting that cultural audits be undertaken as a means of achieving this. Cultural audits as described in current literature can be complex, time-consuming and resource-intensive, which may be one reason that, in our experience, they are not often conducted. This paper describes a method of assessing the culture of an organisation rooted in ethnographic principles from Social Anthropology which is relatively simple, can be carried out in a few weeks, and requires a manageable level of resource. The method has been used to good effect in a number of NHS organisations. An example of its successful application is presented. The authors hope that this method might become widely adopted, leading to a higher success rate for change programmes in the NHS.
Government's additional £1.3 billion for mental health services is misleading
Authors: Quaile Alistair
Published: October 2017

Alistair Quaile examines the government's proposal to increase staff numbers in mental health and discusses why it is not as good as it seems
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder across the lifespan
Authors: Ryan Noreen , McDougall Tim
Published: October 2017

There is a growing awareness that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that endures past adolescence into adulthood. What is now clear is that a significant number of people diagnosed with ADHD as children will continue to experience symptoms of inattention, overactivity and impulsivity as adults. In this article, the authors describe the main features of this condition and summarise the main pharmacological and psychosocial treatments that are available to support children, young people, and adults with ADHD.
Pre-registration mental health nursing students' perceptions of eating disorders
Authors: Hancock Danielle
Published: October 2017

There has been a significant increase in the number of people experiencing eating disorders, leading to a greater demand in healthcare. This highlights the need for nurses to be sufficiently educated on the aetiology, symptoms and treatment of the disorder to ensure they are willing and equipped to work adequately with service users so care is effective, actively promoted and easily accessible. It is important to understand student nurses' views of eating disorders in order to ensure pre-registration nurses are prepared to provide the highest standard of care to this client group.
Improving perinatal mental health care for women, children, and families
Authors: Devine Brie
Published: October 2017

This article aims to explore the services and support available to women experiencing mental health conditions during the perinatal period, from the perspective of a third-year student mental health nurse. Through critical appraisal of the literature and evidence available on this subject, the author aims to provide knowledge and understanding of different approaches and services available to support vulnerable women. Recommendations for practice development are also discussed with a focus on the development of interprofessional working between health care professionals.
Engaging with religious beliefs within a medical model of mental health care
Authors: Morgan Ashley
Published: October 2017

Many studies show that people experiencing psychosis find religion and spirituality to be helpful during times of distress, yet nurses often lack training and confidence to respond to the spiritual needs of their patients. This article begins with an overview of the largely medical model through which psychosis is assessed and addressed in the UK, followed by some definitions of spirituality and religion. Then using a case study of Lucy, a 60-year-old African-Caribbean woman, a critical analysis considers if and how engagement with her religious beliefs in an acute inpatient setting could have improved the nurse-patient relationship and promoted recovery from an acute psychotic episode. The impact of task-driven nursing care upon meaningful engagement is explored and nurses are encouraged to focus on quality rather than length of nurse-patient interactions. The association between religiosity and psychopathology is then considered in terms of impact upon person-centred care. The value of co-creating a narrative with patients in order to promote engagement and recovery is discussed.
Mind your language
Authors: Silverton Louise
Published: October 2017

Using accepted professional and technical terminology on a day-to-day basis, it can be easy to forget what others may understand by them. But, as Louise Silverton writes, words have power
Influenza vaccination in pregnancy: A review
Authors: Smeaton Laura , Green David
Published: October 2017

Following the 2009/10 influenza A/H1N1 pandemic, it was recognised that pregnant women were disproportionately represented in cases of hospitalisation and complications of the infection. This, coupled with evidence showing a strong link between influenza infection in pregnancy and increased risk of miscarriage, low birth weight, premature birth, and maternal morbidity and mortality, led to the introduction of pregnant women as an ‘at risk’ group who, in 2010, were recommended to receive annual seasonal influenza immunisation. Uptake of the immunisation remains relatively low, with only 44.9% of women in England receiving the vaccination in the 2016/17 season. Midwives should discuss the potential risks of influenza with pregnant women, promoting vaccination and administering it where commissioned and able to do so, or signposting them to their GP or local pharmacy to receive it, thereby protecting the health of the women and babies.
Physiological and behavioural effects of preterm infant positioning in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Santos Alessandra Madalena Garcia , Viera Claudia Silveira , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor , Osaku Erica Fernanda , Costa Claudia Rejane Lima de Macedo , Grebinski Ana Tamara Kolecha Giordani
Published: October 2017

Aim

To compare the effect of sleeping position on physiological and behvioural responses in preterm infants.

Methods

A quasi-experimental study was conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit in the south of Brazil. The sample was 24 preterm newborns with gestational age ≤32 weeks, who were randomly separated into four groups: right side position, supine position, left side position and prone position. The physiological and behavioral variables were evaluated before, during and after positioning.

Findings

During the intervention, heart rate decreased in right side position, supine position, and prone position. The respiratory rate reduced in all positions and peripheral oxygen saturation remained stable in most positions. Behavioural scores were reduced in supine, left side and prone positions.

Conclusions

Positioning according to a standard operating procedure was able to produce more positive responses in prone and supine position groups during the intervention.
Learning through reflection
Authors: Wain Amanda
Published: October 2017

Reflection is a process of learning through everyday experiences and forms an integral part of undergraduate and post-graduate higher education midwifery programmes. Students are encouraged to use a structured model of reflection to demonstrate their ability to reflect on their experiences during clinical practice. These models of reflection will be discussed, and the use of reflective practice within midwifery higher education will be evaluated. The article will also consider the importance of reflection as part of continued professional development and revalidation, and the role it has to enable midwives to become reflective practitioners and ultimately increase self-awareness, self-identity and personal growth.
Active blended learning for clinical skills acquisition: innovation to meet professional expectations
Authors: Power Alison , Cole Melanie
Published: October 2017

The standards for pre-registration midwifery education state that the practice-theory ratio of the programme should be no less than 50% practice and no less than 40% theory, adopting a variety of learning and teaching strategies, including simulation. Simulation for skills teaching has been found to bridge gaps between theory and practice, and to positively affect how prepared and confident the student midwife feels to apply knowledge and skills in the practice setting. With changes in regulation under consultation, and an ever more complex clinical environment, it is timely to revisit learning, teaching and assessment strategies in pre-registration education to ensure that they are fit for purpose.

The University of Northampton's approach to learning and teaching, termed active blended learning, is a student-centred approach to support the development of subject knowledge and understanding, independent learning, and digital fluency. This involved the modification of a traditional, four-stage, step-by-step approach to teaching clinical skills, by introducing video-assisted technology to prepare students for a summative assessment using simulation. It is anticipated that this innovative approach to the teaching of clinical skills will enhance the ‘toolkit’ of learning, teaching, and assessment strategies appropriate to contemporary midwifery preregistration education.
The WOMAN trial
Authors: Windsor Sophie
Published: October 2017

A study published in The Lancet suggests that tranexamic acid could be significantly reduce maternal deaths from postpartum haemorrhage. Sophie Windsor explores its potential in the UK
Find time to start Stoptober
Authors: Wake Charlotte
Published: October 2017

People know tobacco causes cancer, that it is addictive and expensive. So, what can a dental nurse do? Charlotte Wake talks tactics
Swimming against the tide: meeting the needs of the elderly
Authors: Dawson Trudie
Published: October 2017

Trudie Dawson explores the changing health and care demands of an ageing society
Radiography for dental nurses
Authors: Doherty Alison
Published: October 2017

A much-used tool of the trade – saving both time and money – we look at why getting this qualification can boost practice profits but, more importantly, your career
The art of orthodontics and implants
Authors: Bones Marie
Published: October 2017

After 22 years of dental nursing, dental implant nurse trainer, Marie Bones, is still discovering the amazing treatments dentistry offers. Look at this case…
Your role in sedation
Authors: Doherty Alison
Published: October 2017

Sedation is a technique that many dentists utilise to help anxious, extremely nervous or phobic patients. But what part do you play?
Data can be manipulated
Authors: Allingham Sue
Published: October 2017

Nick Gibb believes education standards have been dropping for years, which should reflect poorly on the government, but the answer it seems is in pushing for changes that are based on little evidence.
Everyone needs to be on board to support children
Authors: Smith Kimberly
Published: October 2017

The ‘blame’ for challenging behaviour is all too often put back on the child, whether in society at large, or in the education system, so it is our duty of care to provide the right environment for each child to thrive.
Good will does not pay our bills
Authors: Bayram Liz
Published: October 2017

Childminders are increasingly being rated as good or outstanding, and the current SEED project has highlighted their positive impact, however, many are facing tough choices with the 30-hour roll-out.
Social mobility is simply faltering
Authors: Leitch Neil
Published: October 2017

High quality, accessible, early years education and care can improve the life chances of all children, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds, but as always funding is not going to the right places.
What are questions for?
Authors: Brown Paula
Published: October 2017

Children of pre-school age are thought to ask around 150,000 a year, but which questions do they ask and what are they for? This is the first article in a new series, focusing on ‘what’ and ‘which’.
Always moving and spinning
Authors: Roberts Ann R
Published: October 2017

We all know children who just never stop moving, who are always on the go, tapping, turning, and jumping, and while it can be distracting for others, it is a habit that we could better understand.
Food for in-between times
Authors: Revel Edwina , Leech Georgia
Published: October 2017

So far in this series, we have offered advice on what to service for a healthy breakfast and for the two main mealtimes; in this article we turn our attention to the snacks we provide children through the day.
Accidental hanging injuries in children: recognition and management
Authors: Paul Siba P , Paul Ruby , Heaton Paul A
Published: October 2017

Accidental hanging is rare in childhood but is often fatal. Window blind cords pose a particular and unique risk to young children in the UK, accounting for one to two deaths annually. These accidents are frequently associated with non-adherence to the safety instructions provided by the manufacturers. Early discovery of the child and initiation of effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation at the site of the incident are likely to improve the outcome. Prolonged suspension, children who are pulseless at first contact by the emergency paramedic responder, and patients with prolonged periods of remaining in asystole before return of spontaneous circulation after starting cardiopulmonary resuscitation are unlikely to have intact neurological survival. Management in the hospital includes early airway protection by intubation, maintenance of normal oxygen saturation, normothermia, active control of clinical and sub-clinical seizures, and strict electrolyte and glucose regulation. Child safeguarding concerns should be considered when children have asphyxial injuries, and other signs of child physical abuse should be actively looked for. There is a need for stronger legislation in the UK to prevent some of these accidents, especially those relating to window blind cords.
Using the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score to assess gait in children with cerebral palsy: A feasibility evaluation
Authors: Tzikalagia Thomai , Ramdharry Gita
Published: October 2017

Background/Aims:

The aim of this study was to investigate the use and scope of observational gait analysis in everyday physiotherapy practice. The Edinburgh Visual Gait Score is proposed as a simple and cost-effective tool for use in everyday practice when instrumented gait analysis is not available. The primary goal was to evaluate the feasibility of using the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score in the assessment of the gait of children with cerebral palsy and the second was to assess whether the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score was sensitive enough to note changes following intervention. Finally, the relationship between the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score scores and the 10 metre walk test performance was examined.

Methods:

A feasibility study was conducted using the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score, the 10 metre walk test and simplified video analysis software. Ten children with cerebral palsy were recruited from two private physiotherapy practices in Greece.

Findings:

The Edinburgh Visual Gait Score was a quick and easy to use tool when assessing the gait pattern of children with cerebral palsy A Wilcoxon test showed a statistically significant improvement in the total Edinburgh Visual Gait Score score (left side: z=-2.395, p=0.017; right side: z=-2.392, p=0.017) following a 2-month course of physiotherapy treatment. The Spearman's correlation test showed no statistically significant correlation between the Edinburgh Visual Gait Scores and the walking speed.

Conclusions:

It was feasible to use the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score in children with cerebral palsy to assess the treatment outcome on gait parameters after intervention. It may be sensitive enough to note changes after 2 months of physiotherapy intervention. Our results indicate that the difference in movement quality does not always relate to walking speed. Future researchers should investigate the relationship between the two.
SAR helicopter paramedic practice: EtCO2 measuring to assist with CPR attempts
Authors: Griffiths Edward J
Published: October 2017

This article is a review of literature conducted in as systematic manner using the PRISMA statement as a basis for its methodology to answer the following question: How can EtCO2 measuring assist with CPR attempts in SAR Helicopter paramedic practice?’ Results revealed that CO2 coming out of an ET tube indicates that it is in the correct position. An EtCO2 value of <1.33 KPa or an EtCO2 that falls by ≥ 25% of the baseline are the variables most significantly correlated with not achieving ROSC. Diminishing EtCO2 readings may be an indication to increase CC depth, or change a tiring CC provider to optimise CPR attempts. A sudden rise in EtCO2 is a highly specific but non-sensitive marker of ROSC.
What's next for England's ambulance services?
Authors: Quaile Alistair
Published: October 2017

Details of the delivery of new ambulance standards were announced in July 2017 at the Health and Care Innovation Expo in Manchester. In this comment, Alistair Quaile examines the implementation, outline and evaluation of the programme, noting potential positive changes for patients, emergency care and ambulance staff.
‘Half-cut’ science: a qualitative examination of alcohol industry actors’ use of peer-reviewed evidence in policy submissions on Minimum Unit Pricing
Authors: Cullen Dana , Smith Katherine , Collin Jeff
Published: October 2017

Aim: To assess the extent to which alcohol industry actors cited evidence in submissions to the Scottish Parliament Health and Sport Committee’s 2011 call for written evidence on the Alcohol (Minimum Pricing) (Scotland) Bill and to compare any citations of peer-reviewed evidence to original sources. Methods: All submissions to the consultation (n=128) were manually searched to identify those written by alcohol industry actors (n=25). The reference lists of all the alcohol industry submissions were reviewed and peer-reviewed sources were retrieved, read and assessed against their in-text citation within the alcohol industry submissions. Results: Although most industry submissions cited evidence of some sort, only 7 (28%) cited peer-reviewed evidence. Comparing the total number of citations to peer-reviewed evidence (n=17) to original sources demonstrates that 82% were questionably cited. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the majority of references to peer-reviewed evidence in this sample of alcohol industry policy submissions were misleading with examples of citations being presented as supportive of arguments that the original evidence source specifically argued against. This suggests that even the depiction of peer-reviewed evidence within alcohol industry policy submissions needs to be treated with caution.
A TEORIA DA COMPLEXIDADE E O ECOSSISTEMA DO TURISMO
Authors: Beni Mario Carlos , Moesch Marutscka
Published: October 2017

O artigo ensaístico proposto discorre sobre domínio material e conceitual do turismo tendo como tese o objeto da ciência. Tem como objetivo analisar a fragilidade das teorias de indução empírica, e a atitude positivista, em que ocorre uma explícita subordinação do imaginário pela observação do fato. A nova síntese tem como método a transdisciplinaridade, atitude analítica da teorização enraizada, a partir da sociologia compreensiva e da Teoria da Complexidade de Edgar Morin, que leva a uma epistemologia derivada, cuja relação de sujeito/objeto reconstrói-se organicamente e de forma complexa, estabelecendo-se o domínio da psicogênese e da sociogênese do conhecimento turístico, recuperando os valores humanos no discurso científico do Turismo pela Teoria da Complexidade. O resultado deste novo olhar epistemológico é a proposição de um modelo ecossistêmico do turismo.
A PERCEPÇÃO DOS VIAJANTES LOCATÁRIOS DE VEÍCULOS SOBRE A SINALIZAÇÃO DE ORIENTAÇÃO TURÍSTICA DE NATAL-RN
Authors: Silva Viviane Paula da , Castro Cleber Augusto Trindade
Published: October 2017

A finalidade de uma sinalização, seja essa de indicação de trânsito ou de orientação turística, é orientar os usuários das vias urbanas e rurais, auxiliando-os e direcionando-os a atingir os destinos pretendidos. A sinalização de orientação turística, em particular, pretende informar a existência de atrativos e serviços turísticos em um destino, além das rotas que os turistas podem percorrer para acessar esses elementos, por isso tem função importante no uso dos espaços turísticos. Portanto, este trabalho teve o objetivo de compreender a percepção dos viajantes locatários de veículos sobre a sinalização de orientação turística em Natal-RN. Além disso, buscou-se verificar o grau de satisfação desses visitantes sobre esse serviço prestado pela cidade. Foi realizada uma pesquisa empírica exploratória, por meio da aplicação de questionários com perguntas objetivas e fechadas no Aeroporto Internacional de Natal. Os dados foram analisados utilizando princípios da estatística descritiva. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam uma percepção positiva sobre a existência da sinalização turística e um alto grau de satisfação com esse aspecto da infraestrutura da cidade. No entanto, a percepção positiva da sinalização turística diminui quando são consideradas dimensões relacionadas à continuidade e à eficiência dessa estrutura em orientar os deslocamentos dos visitantes pela cidade.
Comparison of some indicators of the thyroid gland functional activity in simultaneous testing of capillary and venous blood
Authors: Olkhovik Andrey Yu. , Sadovnikov Pavel S. , Vasiliev Anton V. , Denisov Dmitriy G. , Emanuel Vladimir L.
Published: October 2017

Обоснование. В клинической практике регулярно встречаются ситуации, при которых невозможно взять кровь из периферических вен для проведения лабораторных анализов. При этом проблема сравнительной оценки показателей венозной и капиллярной крови остается недостаточно изученной.
Цель. Провести сравнительную оценку 5 лабораторных показателей функции щитовидной железы – свободного Т3 (св.Т3), свободного Т4 (св.Т4), антител к тиреоглобулину (АТ-ТГ), антител к тиреопероксидазе (АТ-ТПО), тиреотропного гормона (ТТГ) – для выявления характера отклонений рассматриваемых параметров капиллярной крови от аналогичных показателей венозной.
Методы. В исследование были включены 22 клинически здоровых добровольца обоих полов, единовременно сдавших для обследования образцы капиллярной и венозной крови с соблюдением правил преаналитики. Выполнение исследований производили в течение трех часов после взятия биоматериала на анализаторе Roche Cobas e601. Для всех показателей рассчитывали средние значения с 95% доверительным интервалом (ДИ), вычисленным процедурой бутстрепа. В парах значений показателей венозной и капиллярной крови рассчитывали их разность, которую выражали в относительных (в %) единицах. Для сравнения зависимых выборок также использовали критерий Уилкоксона для разностей пар и корреляционный анализ.
Результаты. Для св.Т3 (среднее отклонение 3,11%; p < 0,001), св.Т4 (3,89%; p < 0,001), АТ-ТГ (2,73%; p = 0,041) и АТ-ТПО (6,75%; p < 0,001) продемонстрировано статистически значимое увеличение, а для ТТГ (-4,3%; p < 0,001) – снижение значений для образцов капиллярной крови по сравнению с аналогичными показателями венозной. Отклонение в пределах 5% в подавляющем большинстве случаев не имеет клинического значения при постановке диагноза и выборе терапии для пациента. Все рассмотренные показатели капиллярной крови обладают сильной корреляцией (r > 0,75) с аналогичными показателями венозной крови: для св.Т3 r = 0,971; св.Т4 – r = 0,993; АТ-ТГ – r = 0,958; АТ-ТПО – r = 0,836; ТТГ – r = 0,995.
Заключение. Таким образом, показатели св.Т3, св.Т4 и ТТГ можно определять в капиллярной крови без какого-либо ущерба для точности клинической оценки при строгом соблюдении преаналитических правил, при этом для таких показателей как АТ-ТГ, АТ-ТПО данные отклонения могут иметь значение только при результатах, находящихся на верхней границе референсных интервалов.
Russia – the land of contrasts
Authors: Gerasimov Grigory A.
Published: October 2017

Мало кто обратил внимание на то, что как-то незаметно исполнилось 20 лет с официального возрождения программы йодной профилактики в постсоветской России. В своей регулярной колонке автор вдается в воспоминания, рассказывает о сегодняшней ситуации с йоднойобеспеченностью и пытается ответить на извечный российский вопрос “что делать?”.
Intrapreneurship and innovation; an implementation in Karaman
İç girişimcilik ve yenilik; Karamanda bir uygulama
Authors: Bay Murat , Yüzbaşıoğlu Nedim
Published: October 2017

Intrapreneurship is the entrepreneurship that the organization has done in itself. An internal entrepreneur is someone who takes risks and innovates to catch market opportunities and turn them into profitable and commercial business ideas and exchange puzzles. Intrapreneurship is a concept that inside of innovation, risk, business opportunity, organization intensity and has made itself. The concept of intrapreneurship is a way for the firm to enter new business areas and growth. The concept of intrapreneurship is helping to create the strategy of the firm. Intrapreneurship closely related to internal and external environment. In this study, we conducted a survey of businesses in the food sector in Karaman. 71 people participated in the survey management positions. Regression and correlation analyzes were used. According to the survey results, there was a relationship between intrapreneurship and innovation.  It was also found that those businesses that they have an important market in the food sector and the growing food market. Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. Özetİç girişimcilik örgütün kendi içinde yapmış olduğu girişimciliktir. İç girişimci risk alarak ve yenilik yaparak pazardaki fırsatları yakalayıp onları kârlı ve ticari iş fikirlerine dönüştüren ve pazara sunarak değişimi sağlayabilen kişidir. İç girişimcilik örgütün kendi içinde sürdürdüğü yenilik, risk, iş fırsatı, örgütsel güç gibi unsurları olan bir kavramdır. İç girişimcilik firmanın büyüme ve yeni iş alanlarına girebilmenin de bir yoludur. İç girişimcilik firmaların strateji oluşturmasına yardım etmektedir. İç girişimcilik iç ve dış çevre ile yakın ilgili bir konudur. Bu çalışmada Karaman gıda sektöründe faaliyette bulunan işletmelere anket yapılmıştır. Ankete yönetim kademesinde bulunan 71 kişi katılmıştır. Regresyon ve korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre iç girişimcilik ile yenilik arasında bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ayrıca bu işletmelerin gıda sektöründe önemli bir pazara sahip oldukları ve gıda pazarının büyümekte olduğu bulunmuştur.
Capital controls as a credit policy tool in a small open economy
Authors: Kitano Shigeto , Takaku Kenya
Published: October 2017

We develop a sticky price, small open economy model with financial frictions à la [Gertler, Mark, and Peter Karadi. 2011. “A Model of Unconventional Monetary Policy.” Journal of Monetary Economics 58 (1): 17–34.], in combination with liability dollarization. An agency problem between domestic financial intermediaries and foreign investors of emerging economies introduces financial frictions in the form of time-varying endogenous balance sheet constraints on the domestic financial intermediaries. We consider a shock that tightens the balance sheet constraint and show that capital controls, the effects of which are rigorously examined as a policy tool for the emerging economies, can be a credit policy tool to mitigate the negative shock.
On Anatolios in the Geoponika: one author or three?
Authors: Ito Tadashi
Published: October 2017

Most scholars believe that the “Anatolios” appearing in the Geoponika is Vindanius Anatolius of Berytus (Beirut) and the prefect of Illyricum of that name from Berytus mentioned by Ammianus Marcellinus. In this paper we shall examine the hypothesis that Cassianus probably identified Οὐϊνδανιώνιος, ᾿Aνατόλιος and Βηρύτιος as three authors, and that Photios by mistake interpreted Οὐϊνδανιώνιος, ᾿Aνατόλιος and Βηρύτιος as one author. Finally, we can conclude from the considerations of 494 chapter headings appearing in the Geoponika that Vindanios Anatolios Berytos is actually an erroneous composite for the names of three different persons, and that the Anatolios in the Geoponika cannot be identified with the man mentioned in Amm. 19, 11, 2 and Eun. vit. soph. 85.
La dynamique de la vie spirituelle chez saint Jean Climaque: un bref regard comparatif avec saint Grégoire de Nysse
Authors: Sferlea Ovidiu
Published: October 2017

This article aims to make a comparison between the teaching of St. John Climacus and that of St. Gregory of Nyssa, with a specific focus on the complex of ideas related to perpetual progress. While one must proceed with caution, a number of close and significant parallels can nevertheless be indicated: a dynamic concept of spiritual perfection, the definition of virtue as limitless, the idea of a perpetual growth in love, and the inclusion of the angels in this progress. I suggest that the best way for explaining these analogies is to admit a (direct) influence of Gregory on John. As a consequence, John Climacus must be counted with a group of Eastern authors holding similar views that includes (Pseudo‐)Macarius, Maximus the Confessor, Symeon the New Theologian, Gregory of Sinai, Gregory Palamas and Kallistos Angelikoudes. These authors appear in fact to be witnesses of a tradition of thought that stems back to Gregory of Nyssa.
Using the Health and Retirement Study for Disability Policy Research: A Review
Authors: Schimmel Hyde Jody , Stapleton David C.
Published: October 2017

The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a preeminent data source for research related to the experiences of workers nearing retirement, including the large share of those workers who experience a health shock or disability onset after age 50. In this article, we highlight key information collected from HRS respondents that benefits disability policy research and the body of knowledge that has resulted from this information. Our main goal is to identify from this research experience potential improvements in data collection and documentation that would further strengthen the HRS as a data source for disability policy researchers.
New luminescence-based geochronology framing the last two glacial cycles at the southern limit of European Pleistocene loess in Stalać (Serbia)
Authors: Bösken Janina , Klasen Nicole , Zeeden Christian , Obreht Igor , Marković Slobodan B , Hambach Ulrich , Lehmkuhl Frank
Published: October 2017

A new geochronology was established for the Stalać loess-paleosol sequence (LPS) in Serbia. The section is located in the interior of the Central Balkan region, south of the typical loess distribution, in a zone of paleoclimatic shifts between continental and Mediterranean climate regimes. The sampled sequence contains four well-developed paleosol and loess layers, a crypto tephra and one visible tephra layer. Optically stimulated luminescence measurements showed a strong dependency of preheat temperature on equivalent dose for one fine-grained quartz sample, which makes it unsuitable for dating. A firm chronology framing the last two glacial cycles was established using fine-grained polyminerals and the post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIR50IR290) protocol instead. The characteristics of dated paleosols indicate similar climatic conditions during the last interstadial and interglacial phases, which were different from the penultimate interglacial period. The tephra within the L2 loess, probably related to tephra layers also found in other sections in Southeastern Europe, was sandwich-dated. The results indicate an age between 118 ka and 141 ka. Furthermore, a weak pedogenic layer dated to between 126 ka and 148 ka gives a first numerical age to this soil formation in Southeastern Europe.
The Person–Case Constraint and the Inverse Agreement Constraint are manifestations of the same Inverse Topicality Constraint
Authors: É Kiss Katalin
Published: October 2017

This paper first claims that the Inverse Agreement Constraint and the Person–Case Constraint attested in overlapping sets of Uralic languages are manifestations of the same Inverse Topicality Constraint, requiring that the structural hierarchy of topicalized constituents correspond to the ranking of their referents in the Animacy/Topicality Hierarchy. Then it argues that it is the hypothesized Inverse Topicality Constraint that also underlies the Person– Case Constraints restricting the cooccurrence of clitics in ditransitive and ergative–absolutive constructions across languages. It is shown that alternative analyses of the Person–Case Constraint, e.g., those deriving it from the mechanism of multiple Agree, cannot account for the whole range of data attested.
Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation Delays Neuromuscular Fatigue Without Changes in Performance Outcomes During a Basketball Match Simulation Protocol
Authors: Ansdell Paul , Dekerle Jeanne
Published: October 2017

Ansdell, P and Dekerle, J. Sodium bicarbonate supplementation delays neuromuscular fatigue without changes in performance outcomes during a basketball match simulation protocol. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1369–1375, 2020—To investigate the development of neuromuscular fatigue during a basketball game simulation and to ascertain whether sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) supplementation attenuates any neuromuscular fatigue that persists. Ten participants ingested 0.2 g·kg−1 of NaHCO3 (or an equimolar placebo dosage of sodium chloride [NaCl]) 90 and 60 minutes before commencing a basketball game simulation (ALK-T vs. PLA-T). Maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) of the knee extensors and potentiated high- (100 Hz) and low- (10 Hz) frequency doublet twitches were recorded before and after each match quarter for both trials. In addition, 15-m sprint times and layup completion (%) were recorded during each quarter. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction, 100- and 10-Hz twitch forces declined progressively in both trials (p ≤ 0.05) with a less pronounced decrease in MVIC during ALK-T (p < 0.01). Both 100- and 10-Hz twitch forces were also significantly greater in ALK-T (p ≤ 0.05). Fifteen-meter sprint time increased over the course of both trials (∼2%, p < 0.01); however, no significant condition or time effect was found for layup completion (p > 0.05). A basketball simulation protocol induces a substantial amount of neuromuscular (reduction in knee extensor MVICs) and peripheral fatigue with a concomitant increase in 15-m sprint time over the protocol. NaHCO3 supplementation attenuated the rate of fatigue development by protecting contractile elements of the muscle fibers. This study provides coaches with information about the magnitude of fatigue induced by a simulated basketball game and provides evidence of the efficacy of NaHCO3 in attenuating fatigue.
Suppression and Contrast Normalization in Motion Processing
Authors: Quaia Christian , Optican Lance M. , Cumming Bruce G.
Published: October 2017

Sensory neurons are activated by a range of stimuli to which they are said to be tuned. Usually, they are also suppressed by another set of stimuli that have little effect when presented in isolation. The interactions between preferred and suppressive stimuli are often quite complex and vary across neurons, even within a single area, making it difficult to infer their collective effect on behavioral responses mediated by activity across populations of neurons. Here, we investigated this issue by measuring, in human subjects (three males), the suppressive effect of static masks on the ocular following responses induced by moving stimuli. We found a wide range of effects, which depend in a nonlinear and nonseparable manner on the spatial frequency, contrast, and spatial location of both stimulus and mask. Under some conditions, the presence of the mask can be seen as scaling the contrast of the driving stimulus. Under other conditions, the effect is more complex, involving also a direct scaling of the behavioral response. All of this complexity at the behavioral level can be captured by a simple model in which stimulus and mask interact nonlinearly at two stages, one monocular and one binocular. The nature of the interactions is compatible with those observed at the level of single neurons in primates, usually broadly described as divisive normalization, without having to invoke any scaling mechanism.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe response of sensory neurons to their preferred stimulus is often modulated by stimuli that are not effective when presented alone. Individual neurons can exhibit multiple modulatory effects, with considerable variability across neurons even in a single area. Such diversity has made it difficult to infer the impact of these modulatory mechanisms on behavioral responses. Here, we report the effects of a stationary mask on the reflexive eye movements induced by a moving stimulus. A model with two stages, each incorporating a divisive modulatory mechanism, reproduces our experimental results and suggests that qualitative variability of masking effects in cortical neurons might arise from differences in the extent to which such effects are inherited from earlier stages.
Parkinson's Disease Is Not Simply a Prion Disorder
Authors: Surmeier D. James , Obeso José A. , Halliday Glenda M.
Published: October 2017

The notion that prion-like spreading of misfolded α-synuclein (α-SYN) causes Parkinson's disease (PD) has received a great deal of attention. Although attractive in its simplicity, the hypothesis is difficult to reconcile with postmortem analysis of human brains and connectome-mapping studies. An alternative hypothesis is that PD pathology is governed by regional or cell-autonomous factors. Although these factors provide an explanation for the pattern of neuronal loss in PD, they do not readily explain the apparently staged distribution of Lewy pathology in many PD brains, the feature of the disease that initially motivated the spreading hypothesis by Braak and colleagues. While each hypothesis alone has its shortcomings, a synthesis of the two can explain much of what we know about the etiopathology of PD.

Dual Perspectives Companion Paper:Prying into the Prion Hypothesis for Parkinson's Disease, by Patrik Brundin and Ronald Melki
Sociological Film, Reform Publicity, and the Secular Spectator
Authors: Balides Constance
Published: October 2017

This essay analyzes how “sociological films,” an early iteration of social problem films during the 1910s, participated in a wider historical formation of social reform, one that was heavily influenced by women. It investigates the category of sociological film as it was discussed in Moving Picture World; the connection between practical Progressive Era reform initiatives and the emerging field of sociology, especially through the figure of Jane Addams and the social settlement movement; and reform publicity methods, which included sociological moving pictures along with photographs, living displays, and interactive exhibits on child labor and civic welfare. Reform exhibits were frequently organized through women's volunteer organizations and relied on women's voluntary labor. Female participant observer sociologists talked about the importance of social imagination. Addams's sympathetic understanding was implicated in a gendered construction of knowledge of the social. The essay develops the notion of a “secular spectator” as a way of characterizing an address in sociological films both to a social subject who was part of a social formation of reform, and to a civic subject who was enjoined to do something about social problems based on knowledge of social facts and social sympathy.
“A Role in Which the Work Is Not Completely Passive”
Authors: de Araújo Luciana Corrêa
Published: October 2017

The silent Brazilian film Miss Right Now (1927), produced by and starring Eva Nil, who also worked as a camera and laboratory assistant on the film, stands out as a powerful and rare example of a woman's creative agency in early Brazilian cinema. The plight of this film also provides a means to consider the conditions of women's on- and offscreen work, dominant models for female screen protagonists in 1920s Brazil, and negotiations between modern and traditional values within an emergent Brazilian star system.