bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of the systematic review of post COVID-19 syndrome
Authors: Alhumayn Abdulmohsen , Alsaif Ibrahim , Enabi Joud , Bin Nafisah Sharafaldeen
Published: January 2022

Background: The declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic triggered a global inquiry into the transmission, mortality, risk factors, and management of the disease. Recently, however, attention has shifted toward its long-term consequences. There is a need for a better understanding of the predictors and symptoms of post-COVID syndrome, to ensure appropriate care for patients recovering from COVID-19 beyond the acute phase.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane databases, and available data in the PROSPERO databases. We also explored the reference lists of included articles and any systematic reviews identified therein. We searched the keywords "Post Covid", "Post COVID syndrome", "Post- Covid" and "PostCOVID", until July 2021.
Results: Of 8167 articles, 13 were included. The syndrome affects several systems with variable prevalence. Fatigue and sleep disturbance is the most common symptom of acute post-COVID syndrome, observed in more than two-thirds of patients, while a reduction in quality of life and general health status was noted in up to 69%. Furthermore, a reduced aerobic and diffusion capacity was seen in 38% of patients up to one month after presumed recovery from infection. Radiologically, in up to 52% of patients, a ground-glass opacity (GGO) was noted beyond three months post-infection. The incidence of new psychiatric illness increased from as early as 14 days after infection and up to three or six months. Hearing impairment or loss, whether sensorineural or conductive, was noted in up to 8.3% of patients, and tinnitus was seen in up to 4.2%.
Conclusion: Overall, given the variability in the manifestation of post-COVID syndrome, a multidisciplinary team is required to better serve these patients. We therefore urge the establishment of such teams, encompassing internal medicine, pulmonology, cardiology, and neurocognitive services.
Use of Facebook Social Media as Product Marketing Media
Authors: Hutasuhut Muhammad Anshari , Hazrah Siti , Nabila Vania Sally , Nurbaiti Nurbaiti
Published: January 2022

Everyone needs information to support their activities, so try to access information as quickly as possible. To introduce products or services that will be sold, companies or small and medium-sized businesses need promotions, and the pattern in the field of business through Facebook or through a web-based shop is very encouraging. The creator utilizes an enlightening subjective examination approach where the information gathered is predominantly as words and sentences, or pictures that have more significance than numbers or frequencies. Execution of the utilization of Facebook web- based media incorporates building data methodologies, planning advancements and building networks by using gatherings and fanspages.
MOTIVATION FOR LEARNING AND ENGLISH CONVERSATION THROUGH FILM MEDIA WITH DUBBED AND SUBTITLED METHODS
Authors: Musdalifah Musdalifah , Satriani Satriani
Published: January 2022

The key to inspiring pupils to study and communicate in English is to provide engaging educational media and effective learning methods. One of the most intriguing is the use of cinema media as a teaching medium. The film tells an intriguing story in the style of graphic animation and includes auditory sound to captivate students who want to learn English. Furthermore, effective learning strategies can help students understand what they are being taught. One of the learning approaches that can be utilized to urge students to communicate in English is to use dubbing and subtitling. Dubbing is a technique for imitating the voices of actors in films who perform certain parts. Because they appear to be acting out film dialogue scenes depicted by actors, this helps increase pupils' interest in conversing in English. The method of showing film dialogue at the bottom of the screen is known as subtitles. In other words, as a tool for students to absorb the material supplied, teaching media and learning methods are linked and mutually beneficial. Students can be helped to engage in language learning while also being motivated to speak in English using effective and efficient media and approaches.
AWE-Inspiring Electrically Small Antennas
Authors:   University of Technology Sydney, Ziolkowski Richard W.
Published: January 2022

Anytime-wireless-everywhere (AWE) aspirations for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications to be enabled through current 5G and evolving 6G and beyond ecosystems necessitate the development of innovative electrically small antennas (ESAs). While a variety of ESA systems are reviewed, those realized from the near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) antenna paradigm are emphasized. Efficiency, bandwidth and directivity issues are highlighted. Multifunctional, reconfigurable, passive and active systems that have been achieved are discussed and illustrated; their performance characteristics and advantages described. This overview finalizes by going back to the future and considers enterprising research areas of current and forward-looking interest.
Material-based high-impedance surfaces for infrared photonic technologies
Authors:   Public University of Navarre, Liberal Iñigo , Pérez-Escudero José Manuel ,   Public University of Navarre
Published: January 2022

Metamaterial high-impedance surfaces (HISs) are characterized by a boundary condition close to that of aperfect magnetic conductor (PMC). This property has enabled a variety of antenna systems such as low-profileantennas, electromagnetic absorbers and anti-radar systems. Here, we push forward the concept of material-basedhigh-impedance surfaces (MatHISs), where a high-impedance boundary is directly obtained from the materialproperties of doped semiconductors and polar dielectrics at infrared frequencies. Technological advantages ofMatHISs such as fabrication simplicity, large-area deployment and integrability into conformal devices suggestmultiple applications for infrared photonic technologies, including dynamical thermal emitters, optoelectronic devicesand basic research on atomically-thin materials.
Analysis on Resource Use Efficiency of Smallholder's Rice Production Farmers in Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria: Probit Model Approach
Authors: Olakunle Sanusi Saheed , Omotayo Alabi Olugbenga , Samuel Ebukiba Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

This study examined the resource-use efficiency of smallholder rice production farmers in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. The problem of resource use among small-scale rice production farmers is preponderance in the country. Hence, the study investigated the drivers of the problem in the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria. Specifically, the study was designed to determine the factors influencing the resource-use efficiency of the respondents. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a total sample size of one hundred and seventy-five (175) rice farmers in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. Seven estimators such as age, household size, farming experience, educational level, extension services, access to credit, and off-farm income in the Probit model were found statistically significant. Results show that the probability of resource use efficiency of inputs used by the farmers increases with age, farm size, household size, educational level, extension services, experiences in farming, access to credits, but decreases where they have off-farm income. Mc Fadden Pseudo-R2 gives 0.6772, and the Probit model explains a significant proportion of the variations in smallholder farmers' resource use. The study concluded that the socio-economic variables in the model play an important role in influencing resource use efficiency. The study recommends that government agencies and donors should provide simplified, accessible and obtainable credits and grants to existing and prospective rice farmers in order to sustain the current giant stride in rice production in the country.
Germinability and Seedling Growth Performance of Chilli (Capsicum annuum) Seeds in Response to Different Gibberellic Acid Concentrations Pre-Treatment
Authors: Junaidy Ryn Brenda , Shahruddin Shafeeqa
Published: January 2022

Chilli seeds are always associated with physiological dormancy characteristics or endogenous dormancy that has affected their germination potential. Problems noticed on the low seed germination rate, vigour growth, further may lead to the poor seedling growth pattern of chilli crop production. Gibberellic Acid (GA3) which is usually used as a treatment solution is not a new advent of seed dormancy breaking methods for chilli. But, looking forwards to a better GA3 concentration is still needed for the discovery of this treatment potential effect on chilli seed germinability and seedling growth. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different GA3 concentrations on seed emergence and seedling growth performance in chilli. In this experiment, chilli seeds were imbibed with 25 mg/L, 75 mg/L and 125 mg/L concentration of GA3 with three replications each; for 24 hours at room temperature (32±4°C) and the untreated seeds as a control. The data collection on final germination percentage was taken daily for 21 days after sowing. While the 15 germinated seeds were directly planted on the 5 polybags arranged in the net house of Junaidy Jonik Farm, Sabah, Malaysia. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance with SAS version 9.4 and the significant means were separated by the least significant difference test at P<0.05. Significant differences were observed in the seed germinability measured; germination rate index (GRI), mean germination time (MGT) and final germination percentage (FGP), as well as on seedling vigour index (SVI) between treated and control seeds. Conversely, plant height, number of internodes, number of leaves and fresh weight of seedlings showed no significant differences among treatments. It was concluded that the use of GA3 was able to enhance chilli seeds germinability and could display a better SVI than the control. It is recommended to use GA3 treatment at 25 mg/L of concentration, as it may give an advantage to both economic and biological importance in producing higher germinability and seedling growth performance in chilli.
The Effect of Different Growing Media on Physical Morphology of Rockmelon (Cucumis Melo Linn cv. Glamour) Seedling
Authors: Ab Rauf Muhammad Nasrul Hazzeem , Shahruddin Shafeeqa
Published: January 2022

Rockmelon (Cucumis melo L.) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family, which can adapt to various soil and climate areas, especially in Malaysia. The production of rockmelon in Malaysia has highly declined, and for this reason, farmers have opted to use the concept of soilless cultivation due to it benefits accrued from soilless media such as cocopeat, perlite, and burnt rice husk. The study was carried out to determine the effect of different growing media on the physical morphology of rockmelon seedlings. This experiment was set up using RCBD arrangements with four replications. Different growing media used were: (i) 100% Black Soil (BS), (ii) 75% cocopeat + 15% burnt rice husk + 10% perlite (M1) and (iii) 75% cocopeat + 20% burnt rice husk + 5% perlite (M2). The parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves and total leaves area, and stem girth. The data were collected within two weeks after transplanting. The parameters measured were subjected to ANOVA and LSD was applied to compare means. In this study, rockmelon seedlings treated on BS showed significantly (P<0.001) the highest plant height, number of leaves per plant, and total leaves area and stem girth. Seedlings on soilless M1, however, grew in slightly good conditions, as it showed the insignificantly higher values on morphological parameters measured. Thus, BS is still suitable for better use of media for 15 days old rockmelon seedlings (after transplanting). It gives the optimum conditions for adapting seedlings to the new exposure environment.
Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Growth Performance and Postharvest Quality of Pak Choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis L.)
Authors: Mohamad Nur Suhaida , Abu Kassim Faizah , Usaizan Norhanizan , Hamidon Azimah , Safari Zahir Shah
Published: January 2022

Long-term use of inorganic fertilizers on leafy vegetables can increase soil acidity, harmful to the environment and leaving bad effects on human health. Organic fertilizer application is one of the safer alternatives with many beneficial effects by supplying nutrients for plant growth, environmental-friendly and producing an optimum quality of vegetables. Different organic amendment such as vermicompost, biochar and microbial compost has different effect on plant growth performance since good bacteria could improve structure of the soil and nutrient absorption. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of organic fertilizer on the growth performance and postharvest quality. The experimental design during planting was conducted in randomized completely block design with a factorial arrangement of treatmentswhile for postharvest quality study was conducted in completely randomized design. Organic fertilizer of vermicompost (110 g/plant), biochar (100 g/plant), microbial compost (80 g/plant) and chicken manure (37.5 g/plant) were treated on Pak choy two times on day 10 and day 24 after transplant. This research revealed the plant growth including plant height, leaf number and leaf length of Pak choy in all treatments were increased as growing stage increased. However, at the end of growing stage, microbial compost and vermicompost resulted in the highest of growth characteristics. In terms of postharvest quality, microbial compost showed the highest fresh weight and premium quality. This study proved that microbial compost at 80 g/plant exhibited optimum growth performance and the best postharvest quality of Pak choy.
Effect of Hydroponic and Conventional Production Systems on Plant Growth Performance and Nitrate Content of Green Coral Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Crispa)
Authors: Abg Muis Dayang Nur Hidayah , Hamidon Azimah , Tajidin Nor Elliza , Safari Zahir Shah
Published: January 2022

Overfertilization on leafy vegetables could accumulate high nitrate content. Exceeded recommended limit of nitrate content can cause detrimental effects on the environment and human health, such as methemoglobinemia and stomach cancer. Green coral lettuce (GCL) is a leafy vegetable commonly grown under various production systems. Production system and physiological age have affected the growth and accumulation of nitrate levels in most leafy vegetables. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of hydroponic and conventional production on the growth performance and nitrate concentration of GCL at different harvest ages. This research was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement of treatments. A stagnant hydroponic was prepared using stock A and B complete Hoagland nutrient solutions as liquid fertilizer. A commercial biofertilizer (NPK 8: 8: 8) was applied at the rate of 100 g per plant. Plant growth performance, including plant height, number of leaves, and leaf length, was measured at 7, 14, 21, 28, 31, 34, 41, and 44 days after transplanting (DAT). The fresh weight and nitrate content were measured at 31, 34, 41, and 44 DAT. The results showed hydroponic GCL exhibited higher plant height than conventional GCL. However, both productions were not significantly affected regarding the number of leaves, leaf length, and fresh weight. At 41 and 44 DAT, the hydroponic GCL was markedly higher in nitrate content than conventional. This study found that conventional production was recommended for GCL because lower in nitrate content compared to hydroponic and fair in growth performance.
Vision status and reading test results in Norwegian adolescents
Authors: Hagen Lene , Gilson Stuart J. , Baraas Rigmor C.
Published: January 2022

Uncorrected vision anomalies may cause headaches and may affect reading and academic performance. The purpose of this study was to quantify the frequency of vision anomalies, frequency of eye examinations, and use of corrective eye wear in adolescents in Norway, and to explore whether such vision anomalies affect reading test results or frequency of headaches. A cross-sectional study was performed in 436 adolescents (42.0% males) aged 16–19 years living in South-East Norway. Cycloplegic autorefraction, habitual stereoacuity, and habitual monocular amplitudes of accommodation were measured, and all participants reported the frequency of eye examinations, the use of spectacles and/or contact lens wear, and the frequency of headaches. Reading comprehension and decoding skills were evaluated for a subgroup of the participants (189 participants, 34.4% males) by their performance in national reading tests. Vision anomalies were defined as having refractive errors, poor habitual stereoacuity, or poor habitual amplitude of accommodation in at least one eye. Overall, 44.0% were classified as having a refractive error, and a total of 61.9% were measured to have vision anomalies. More frequent headaches were associated with poor habitual amplitude of accommodation when adjusted for sex (p = 0.04). The frequency of poor reading comprehension was higher in the group of adolescents with vision anomalies (n = 109, 31.2%) compared with those with no vision anomalies (n = 80, 18.8%; p = 0.05). Of those with vision anomalies, 33.5% had never had an eye examination, and 63.9% reported not wearing a correction. In Norway, there is no mandatory vision screening after 4 years of age. The results here show that a nation-wide programme of regular eye examinations and proper treatment of vision anomalies for all children and adolescents in Norway should be considered. Identifying and treating children with common eye problems in primary and secondary school will improve educational attainment and increase each child’s chances of succeeding in further education.
EXCITING TIMES AHEAD FOR THE INDIAN PHARMA INDUSTRY
Authors:   Editor  Indian Drug, Nair Gopakumar G.
Published: January 2022

Dear Reader, Coinciding with the 60th Anniversary of IDMA, a true and vibrant transition phase is commencing for your association, its publications and allied activities. Dr. Viranchi Shah, the young and energetic Hon. President from “Vibrant Gujarat” is taking over the reigns of IDMA, with an equally young team of Executive committee members. We are confident that IDMA’s flag will fly high globally, all the more, in the coming years. It is time that the young (and the long-experienced ones too) get ready for the new integrated and synergised challenges of the 2020’s and 2030’s to keep pace with the clarion call for intense pharma research and innovation to keep pace with the west and the rest.
Analysis of the Registers in Sport Articles in the Jakarta Post Online Newspaper
Authors: Aziza Rizki
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to examine sport registers in online newspaper, and to obtain a list of words and phrases that are commonly used by the sport team when mentioning certain terms in the field of sport. The study was constrained by an examination of sport registers in the Jakarta Post online newspaper. The analytical research method and document analysis were used in this study. The study's findings were as follows: In the first article, it was found that six (6) or 31.5% data were classified as borrowing words, one (1) or 5.2% were acronyms, two (2) or 10.6% were abbreviations, two (2) or 10.6% were compounding, and eight (8) or 42.1% were categorized as inflections. In the second article, it was found that twelve (12) or 52,2% data were classified as borrowing words, one (1) or 4,3% were abbreviations, two (2) or 8,7% were compounding, and eight (8) or 34,8% were categorized as inflections. Moreover, in the third article, it was found that seven (7) or 31,8% data were classified as borrowing words, four (4) or 18,2% as acronyms, two (2) or 9,1% were abbreviations, one (1) or 4,5% were compounding, and eight (8) or 36,4% were categorized as inflections. There are not only words but phrase registers were found sport articles. There are 11 phrases found in three online news of sport article. It can be concluded that there are many registers to be found in sports news in the Jakarta Post online newspaper.
Effectiveness of Match Technique to Improve Students’ Vocabulary Mastery based on Gender
Authors: Destika Via
Published: January 2022

This research that belongs to quantitative research aims at finding the effectiveness of make a match technique to improve students’ vocabulary based on gender. The instrument given to the students was vocabulary in the context of a descriptive text. The subject of this research consisted of 25 students. This research only used experimental class for this research. The result of this research, there were significant improvement between pre-test and post-test score. The result obtained from sample T-test, it was found that the p value (0,000) was lower than 0.05 and t-observed (25.296) was higher than t-table (2.064).  While the result of differences score between female and male based on post test, the p value (.859) was higher than 0.05, there were not significant differences of vocabulary score between female and male. So, this technique make students interesting in teaching and learning vocabulary, this technique also helps students to understand about material easily.
Aspetti del modernismo fascista (Italia, Francia, Germania: 1918-1939)
Authors: Cangiano Mimmo
Published: January 2022

La cultura fascista è spesso associata con un’attitudine anti-modernista. In realtà, come questo articolo intende dimostrare, tematiche moderniste attraversano costantemente la cultura di estrema destra in Italia come in Francia e in Germania. Diversamente dal libro ormai canonico di Roger Griffin (Modernism and Fascism, 2007), questo articolo non analizza il mito della ‘rigenerazione’ etnico-nazionale (mito che, sostengo, è presente anche nelle prospettive anti-moderniste), ma focalizza in particolare sulla glorificazione culturale dell’industria e della tecnica, e poi sulla riconciliazione dell’arte con lo scenario industriale. Attraverso un’ampia ricognizione del milieu culturale francese, tedesco e italiano, l’articolo presenta al lettore una prima mappatura concernente la complessa relazione fra modernismo e cultura fascista.
Development of the “literary evolution” concept by Yuri Tynyanov in the works of Sergei Averintsev
Authors: Markov Alexander
Published: January 2022

Since the concept of “literary evolution” proposed by Yuri Tynyanov could not be applied to the late Soviet official literature, Sergei Averintsev using this concept examined the relationship between philosophy, sophistry, rhetorics and everyday consciousness in classical Greece. Tynyanov's theory of “parallel series” turned out to be productive for the reconstruction of the tasks of the ancient philosopher and for the interpretation of Plato's dialogues. According Averintsev, Plato acted within the sophistic field, creating irreducible terminology and untranslatable phrases as a moment of the entire further evolution of Western literature. Consideration of Russian formalism as the context of Averintsev's thought proves his contribution to the discussion of Platonism as a tool for posing philosophical problems and of the perspective of philosophy in the postcolonial discussion.
Сопространственность, геокультуры и (не)локальные тексты: к транссемиотике провинциальных текстов
Authors: Замятин Дмитрий Николаевич
Published: January 2022

The semiotics of provincial texts is the content core of provincial research, ensuring their cognitive growth. Comparative semiotic analysis of provincial texts is faced with the impossibility of direct correlation of the compared texts due to their various phenomenological features. The processes of localization of provincial texts and the procedures for their semiotic identification are also directly related to the concepts of geo-culture and geo-culturality. Any local text assumes the presence or absence of a trans-semiotic ‘shifter’ that connects or disables the text itself to a particular provincial register. The provinciality of the text is formed as a situational mental distancing from both the particular signs of the geo-culture of the represented territory and the signs of its immediate locality. Provincial texts create mutually generating and reproducing spatial ontologies, which can be defined as co-spatialities. The constantly reproducing processes of ‘provincialization’ of texts in the course of increasing their co-spatialities are the ontological basis and subject of trans-semiotics of provincial texts. In ontological terms, provincial texts are spaces of many newly formed divergent meta-symbolic assemblages. The aim of trans-semiotic studies of provincial texts is to study the specifics of transformations and transfigurations of newly emerging meta-symbolic provincial assemblages.
Recenti modelli di transnazionalismo nella cultura e letteratura contemporanee dal punto di vista comparatistico
Authors: Sinopoli Franca
Published: January 2022

L’articolo propone una riflessione intorno alla categoria di “transnazionalismo”, di derivazione storica e sociologica, al fine di coglierne le opportunità di impiego nel campo della teoria della comparatistica letteraria. In particolare, sono chiamati in causa alcuni temi centrali della storia della disciplina, quali la “letteratura mondiale” e il “canone”, i quali alla luce della dimensione transnazionale – da non confondere con quella internazionale – si aprono a nuove declinazioni e ai mutati panorami letterari della contemporaneità.
Langobardia maior et minor: indagini sul legame tra la scultura altomedievale e i capitelli campani
Authors: Schulte-Umberg Ulf
Published: January 2022

Langobardia maior et minor: indagini sul legame tra la scultura altomedievale e i capitelli campani.
Within the southern Italian city of Capua – in the 10th and 11th century ruler's residence of the Lombard principality of Benevento and capital of Langobardia minor – a group of early medieval capitals has survived, which can be divided into three closely related types. On the basis of type I, which is bound to the corinthian capital, an examination will be made regarding to what extent relationships can be verified with the architectural sculpture of the older Lombard kingdom in northern Italy, which was incorporated into the Frankish Empire by Charlemagne as early as 774.
For this purpose, certain technical and stylistic characteristics can be used, which concern in particular the overlapping tips of the acanthus leaves. The thesis is that in the very specific forms of Capuan capitals a line of tradition can be traced that is also found in other contexts of early medieval art in Campania, possibly with origins in the north.
Symbol of Door as Mary in Images of the Annunciation of the 14th-15th Centuries
Authors: Salvador-González José María
Published: January 2022

The current article addresses the topic of the symbolic identification of the Virgin Mary as a door according to a double possibility, namely, as an open door and as a shut door. This implies designating Mary simultaneously as ianua coeli and as porta clausa. These two possibilities suggest very different, though complementary, doctrinal meanings. Through the textual analysis of various quotes from the Church Fathers and theologians and medieval liturgical hymns referring to one or other of these two metaphorical expressions, the Author will determine the doctrinal meanings inherent in each one.
In the second instance, the iconographic analysis of seven images of the Annunciation from the 14th and 15th centuries that include some door in special conditions will allow us to validate the hypothesis that the intellectual authors of these seven paintings introduced that door into them as a visual metaphor capable of illustrating both textual metaphors of porta clausa and ianua coeli.
Momentum budget of low level westerly jet during monsoon onset
Authors: JOSAN P. S.
Published: January 2022

In this paper a diagnostic study is carried Out to the source and sink terms for the formation and acceleration/deceleration of low level westerly Jet during monsoon onset. For this purpose momentum budget technique is used. The budget equation is derived in the (x.y.p.t) system. The area is confined to a small box the boundaries over the central Arabian Sea the westerly flow prominent during the onset of monsoon. Each tem in the budget equation is calculated separately. FGG E III b. 1200 UTC data set is used for the analysis. The Coriolis force term is found to be sink term rather than a source tern Tram. Transient north-south term is prominent source terms when time averaged momentum budget is considered. When the time averaged momentum budget for each pressure slab is considered. it is concluded that, north-south force terms are prominent source terms of momentum for all slabs and large .cumulus type convection may contribute  to frictional dissipation of momentum for the upper pressure slabs. Frictional force is the main sink term when one examines the momentum budget for each day and the source term are varying day-by-day. On the average, the jet is accelerated during the period. It is also found that the net momentum tendency is small and oscillatory in nature. it is also found that at Minicoy. rainfall is inversely related to momentum  tendency and whenever westerly jet is strong (weak) the rainfall is less (more). Distribution of U-momentum is also found to be oscillatory ill nature.
Fluxes over Varanasi during intensive observation period of MONTBLEX-90
Authors: JHA T. N. , RAY K. C. SINHA
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. MONTBLEX-90 data for an Intensive Observational Period (IOP) was extracted to investigate the thunderstorm and its impacts on surface layer at Varanasi on 27 July 1990. Sensible heat flux has been computed by profile, aerodynamic and eddy correlation methods. In addition to that. momentum and moisture fluxes have been computed for comparative diagnosis of situations before, at the time and after thunderstorm, Monin-Obukhov similarity theory has been used for quantification of the fluxes. Findings indicate that surface is more buoyant at the time of thunderstorm. Under this influence, maxima of moisture and momentum fluxes occur at the tin1e of thunderstorm. However, heat flux was found to be maximum before the thunderstorm, The results provide an understanding of surface layer turbulent transfer during stable and unstable conditions.
The estimation of cotton yield based on weather parameters in Maharashtra
Authors: DUBEY R. C. , CHOWDHURY A. , KALE J. D.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. The cotton yield of 12 years (1975-1987), for five districts in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, was taken for statistical-regression study. It is found that the higher temperature during first fortnight of September, which is period of budding and flowering is favourable for better yield. The cooler nights during second fortnight of October, when the crop is generally in fruiting stage, also help in good increases in final cotton yield. Higher rainfall, dufing last week of June to first week of July, when the crop is in the germination period, causing logging, reduces the seedling and more number of rainy days in second fortnight of December hamper the bolll bursting and thus al1ecting the cotton yield adversely.
Long-range prediction of monsoon onset over Kerala
Authors: RAJEEVAN M. , DUBEY D. P.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. Using the data of 33 years ( 1961-1993) the effect of the intensity of heat low over central India during the Month of April and Winter (December to February) Eurasian snow cover on interannual variation of monsoon date over Kerala were examined.

Composite mean surface temperature over central India during the month of April was higher during early onset years by 3.5° C. April mean surface temperature index (MST) and Winter (December to February) Eurasian snow cover (WSC) are significantly correlated with Monsoon onset dates al 1% and 5% significant levels respectively. Lower surface temperature and excessive snow cover indicate a late onset.

A regression equation was developed for long range prediction of onset date over Kerala using MST and WSC as independent variables. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the relationship was found to be 4.6 days. The model was tested using independent data of five years and was found performing well.

Contingency tables were developed between the pairs MOD and WSC and MOD and MST. The tables can be used for probability forecasts of early and late onset years.
An analytical study of thunderstorms over Madras
Authors: SIVARAMAKRISHNAN T. R. , RAMAKRISHNAN B.
Published: January 2022

Individual thunder occasions at Madras (Meenambakkam) during 1981- 1990 have been critically examined and the frequency of thunder occurrence as well as the diurnal variations have been derived. Nature of thunderstorm as revealed in the release of squalls change of temperature and humidity have been explained. Synoptic situations causing the thunder activity at Madras are outlined. Possible guidelines/thumb rules to forecast local severe storms have been attempted and the results are discussed.
Does precipitation pattern foretell climatic shift over Punjab state ?
Authors: LAL BHUKAN , LAKSHMANASWAMY B.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. Statistical analysis of 82-years (1901-1982) record of precipitation from 27 rain-recording stations in Punjab state of lndia has been carried out to assess the climate shift if any in the state. The central part of the study is the trend and spectrum analysis of annual. monsoon and winter rainfall of different stations in the region. It is seen that frequency distribution of 19 rainfall series out of 81 series is normally distributed. Maikov linear type of persistence is observed in some of the rainfall series. Marin-Kendall test indicates the decreasing trend in winter rainfall of all the stations and is found to be significant in case of Amritsar, Taran Taran, Tanda, Ludhiana and Ranike. Low-pass filter reveals that trend is not linear but oscillatory consisting of periods of 10 years or more. It is seen that winter rainfall of most of the stations exhibits the decreasing trend from 1935-40 to 1965-70. It is also revealed by the low-pass filter curves that winter rainfall of all t1le sla1ions remained below average from 1960 till the end of the study period.

The spectral analysis indicates a significant cycle of 4.1 to 27 years in some of the stations and Quasi-Biennial Oscillations (QBO) over many stations.
A Markov chain model for daily rainfall occurrences at east Thanjavur district
Authors: THIYAGARAJAN M. , DOSS RAMA , RAJ RAMA
Published: January 2022

The occurrences and non-occurrences of the rainfall can be described by a two-state Markov chain. A dry date is denoted by state 0 and wet date is denoted by state 1. We have taken the sample which follows a Poisson process with known parameter. Using this Poisson sample we have given a new approach to affect statistical inference for the law of the Markov chain and state estimation concerning un-observed past values or not yet observed future values. The paper aims at comparing the earlier fit of the data with the new approach.
A study of aftershocks of 20 October 1991 Uttarkashi earthquake
Authors: DATTATRAYAM R S. , KAMBLE V.P.
Published: January 2022

The Uttarkashi earthquake of 20 October 1991, which caused widespread damage in the Galhwal Himalayan region, was followed by a prominent aftershock. activity extending over a period of about two months. The aftershock activity was monitored using temporary networks established after the mainshock and the permanent stations in operation in the region. About 142 aftershocks could be located accurately using the data of these stations. The b-value of the Gutenberg-Richter's relationship for the aftershock sequence works out to be 0.6. The temporal distribution of the aftershocks suggests a hyperbolic decay with a decay constant (p) of 1.17. Macroseismic observations derived from field surveys show good agreement with the instrumentally determined source parameters.
Lessons Learned from Implemented Internal and External Digitisation Processes at the Croatian Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices
Authors: Rajh Arian , Šimundža-Perojević Zrinka
Published: January 2022

The goal of this work is to present and explain the differences between internal and external digitisation process instances in the Croatian Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices. The study is to share lessons learned from Agency's digitisation practice, discuss the applicability of these process instances, and demonstrate ways of evaluating digitisation and accompanying capabilities. The Agency started with digitisation in 2013, and the program ran for four annual cycles. The Agency also established its internal process in 2016. For establishing it, the authors have used business process management methods - interviews, analysis and modelling. For constant process improvement, the authors use capability/maturity modelling methods, focused on the quality component, particular issues and preservation of results.
Obveznosti podjetja Mariborski vodovod kot deležnika kritične infrastrukture na področju nevarnosti e-poslovanja in potreba po varnostnih pregledih IKT-sistemov
Authors: Burnač Danilo , Androić Sanja , Špehonja Boštjan
Published: January 2022

Namen članka je predstaviti obveznosti podjetja Mariborski vodovod kot deležnika kritične infrastrukture na področju nevarnosti e-poslovanja in zakonodaje ter potrebo po varnostni pregledih IKT-sistemov. Najprej bodo predstavljene vloga in obveznosti podjetja Mariborski vodovod na področju kritične infrastrukture, nato razlogi uprave podjetja za izvedbo varnostnih pregledov IKT-sistemov, e-procesi podjetja, nevarnosti e-poslovanja, zakonodajne obveznosti s tega področja, metodologija in izsledki izvedenega notranjega in zunanjega varnostnega pregleda. V članku bomo predstavili teoretična izhodišča in zakonodajne zahteve z metodo deskripcije, za to bomo uporabili podatke iz sekundarnih virov. Na podlagi izkušenj iz prakse in izvedenega varnostnega pregleda v podjetju bomo predstavili svoj pogled na kibernetska tveganja, nevarnosti na področju e-poslovanja ter izpolnitev zakonodajnih obvez. Prikazane praktične izkušnje podjetja Mariborski vodovod bodo nedvomno uporabne za ostala podjetja. Skrb za kibernetsko varnost mora imeti vsak zaposleni, saj je podjetje toliko varno, kot je njegov najšibkejši člen.
Popisovanje v slovenskih arhivih - standardi in njihova uporaba
Authors: Juričič Čargo Danijela
Published: January 2022

Ena izmed pomembnih nalog v okviru projekta e-ARH.si je raziskava stanja na področju popisovanja arhivskega gradiva oziroma njegova standardizacija. Avtorica v prispevku predstavlja stanje in perspektive na področju uporabe standardov za popisovanje gradiva, oseb, funkcij in arhivskih inštitucij. Prispevek hkrati ponuja posnetek stanja na področju popisovanja arhivskega gradiva v Sloveniji, primerjalno z nekaterimi tujimi primeri ter s poudarki na vprašanjih, kje lahko najdemo skupne točke in kje so ključna razhajanja. Iz analize pridobljeni izsledki ponujajo odgovore na potencialne rešitve glede doseganja višje kakovosti popisovanja in predstavitev informacij, ki jih zagotavlja in ponuja slovenska javna arhivska služba.
Cooperation between Archives and Municipalities : Example of the newly Established Stanari Municipality
Authors: Soldatović Olivera
Published: January 2022

Stanari Municipality is the youngest municipality in the Republic of Srpska, formed in 2014, separating from city Doboj. It is known for the lignite mine and the newly built thermal power plant, which represent the basic sources of financial resources and the self-sustainability of this municipality. This young municipality proved to be very responsible and serious as a creator and custodians of records. Immediately after the establishment of the administration, the responsible persons of this municipality set before themselves the task of building an efficient law system to manage records. In this connection, they have communicated with the Archives of the Republic of Srpska, the Doboj office, asking for suggestions, proposals and ideas to be deliberately implemented. The results of cooperation between the municipality and the Archives will be presented in the article.
Prilagoditve različnih tipov arhivskih gradiv za dostopnost ranljivim skupinam
Authors: Hajtnik Tatjana , Kosi Mojca , Hrovat Merič Robert
Published: January 2022

Eden od ciljev pri razvoju slovenskega elektronskega arhiva v projektu e-ARH.si je omogočanje dostopnosti arhivskega gradiva ranljivim skupinam s pomočjo sodobnih tehnologij. Smernice (WCAG 2.0) za omogočanje dostopnosti arhivskega gradiva ranljivim skupinam so bile upoštevane pri sami zasnovi virtualne arhivske čitalnice, kar pa ne zadošča, saj je treba arhivsko gradivo pred tem ustrezno pripraviti ali prilagoditi za uporabo ranljivim skupinam. K temu cilju nas obenem vzpodbuja zakonodaja, ki daje vedno večji poudarek dostopnosti gradiv tudi ranljivim skupinam. Decembra 2017 je bil posredovan v javno obravnavo osnutek Zakona o dostopnosti spletišč in mobilnih aplikacij. Namen zakona je zagotoviti dostopnejša spletišča in mobilne aplikacije organov javnega sektorja v Republiki Sloveniji za uporabnike, zlasti za uporabnike invalide. Avtorji v prispevku predstavljajo različne tehnike in metode, s katerimi lahko omogočimo dostopnost arhivskih gradiv tudi ranljivim skupinam.
Vplivi novega zakona na politiko pridobivanja arhivskega gradiva hrvaških arhivov
Authors: Rubčič Darko , Dmitrus Željka
Published: January 2022

Archivists tied between the development of information technology, information science and new legal regulations must deliberate the future acquisition policy of the archives in different circumstances. For decades we have been talking about an explosion of unconventional material. The development and quantity of new information were faster than us. In this paper, we wanted to point to some of the new circumstances of the archival service in Croatia, or the more or less the entire archival community. Archivists in Croatia were particularly interested in the adoption of the Law on amendments to the Law on archival material and archives in May 2017 and the recent adoption of a new, comprehensive Law on archival material and archives. In the context of these changes, which will happen in the future or have already occurred, we must ensure the protection and preservation of the authenticity of the already generated electronic material and conversion into a digital format suitable for long-term preservation and after being taken over to the archives. In addition, we must educate people new competencies. Encouraged by these changes, we will try to describe the prospect of future acquisitions policy of archives.
Virtualizacija čitalniških postopkov: od ideje do koncepta
Authors: Koncilija Žiga , Hajtnik Tatjana , Jenuš Gregor , Paulič Anja , Pfajfar Vanja
Published: January 2022

Hiter napredek na področju informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologij in z njim povezane družbene spremembe zahtevajo prilagoditve tudi v načinih dela slovenskih arhivov. Digitalizacija poslovanja omogoča slovenski javni arhivski službi med drugim tudi povečanje možnosti na področju dostopanja do arhivskega gradiva. Vzpostavitev virtualne arhivske čitalnice, kot ena izmed ključnih aktivnosti projekta e-ARH.si: 2016-2020, bo ob uspešni tehnični realizaciji prenesla čitalniške postopke v virtualno okolje in tako zagotavljala vse ključne funkcionalnosti v podporo čitalniškim postopkom. S tem bo zagotavljala podporo različnim tipom uporabnikov, vključno z uporabniki iz ranljivih skupin. Virtualizacija čitalniških postopkov pa, poleg priložnosti, nezadržno prinaša tudi številna strokovna, tehnična in zlasti varnostna tveganja, povezana z zaščito podatkov, ki so varovani z zakonom.
Preiskovanje kaznivih dejanj zoper kulturno dediščino kot najbolj prefinjeno obliko kriminalitete, boj zoper njo ter pravni okviri varovanja kulturne dediščine s poudarkom na arhivskem gradivu
Authors: Yakoub Primc Tamara
Published: January 2022

Bistvo prispevka je v ozaveščanju strokovnih delavcev v arhivih o morebitnih pojavnostih kaznivih dejanj na področju dela z arhivskim gradivom, njihovem zaznavanju in prepoznavnosti pri odkrivanju. Arhivi so izjemna in nenadomestljiva dediščina, ki se prenaša iz ene generacije v drugo. So odraz razvoja družb, saj varujejo in prispevajo k individualnemu in skupinskemu spominu. Problematika kaznivih dejanj zoper arhivsko gradivo je v Sloveniji domnevno zanemarljiva, saj imamo po dosedanjih znanih podatkih v zadnjih desetih letih zgolj en primer tatvine arhivskega gradiva iz arhiva. Pri tatvini arhivskega gradiva pa lahko mine vrsto let, preden se opazi, da je gradivo izginilo. S preventivo in upoštevanjem predpisane zakonodaje ter visokih standardov kodeksa etike za arhiviste lahko preprečimo, da se morebitna kazniva dejanja ne bodo zgodila.
Computational Archival Science
Authors: Stančić Hrvoje
Published: January 2022

The digitisation of archival materials and ingest of digitally born materials in digital archives has led to the possibilities of application of the big data analytical principles in the digital archives. The author explains the 5V characteristics of big data. He proceeds to define the concept of Computational Archival Science (CAS). Two CAS examples are given in order to illustrate the type of research that can be conducted in that area. Further, the author explains the prerequisites for engaging with CAS. Finally, suggestions on how archival institutions might get involved in CAS activities are given.
Digitization in Archives : Archivematica, a Practical Rewiev of the Software for Managing Archival Records on the Example of the Personal Fonds Rista Odavić at the Archives of Serbia
Authors: Bogosavljević Mirjana
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a concrete example of using Archivematica - a digital preservation system to incorporate, organize and manage digitized materials from the Personal Fonds Rista Odavic kept by the Archives of Serbia. The practical part includes the steps required to maintain long-term access to digital memory using the content management system AtoM. Both Archivematica and AtoM systems described in this article were implemented exclusively to start working on this Fonds. In order to maintain good traceability an excel document with the description of all the steps, notes on the execution results and a macro to automatically generate DC metadata was created.
Enotna klasifikacija fondov in zbirk slovenskih javnih arhivov
Authors: Bizjak Žarko
Published: January 2022

Klasifikacija fondov in zbirk - standardna shema je rezultat večletnih prizadevanj za oblikovanje enotne klasifikacije fondov in zbirk v slovenskih javnih arhivih. Projekt e-ARH.si predvideva več scenarijev harmonizacije oziroma sinhronizacije obstoječih baz podatkov o arhivskem gradivu. Eden od predpogojev za dosego tega cilja je uporaba enotne klasifikacije fondov in zbirk z namenom, da se na najvišjem nivoju popisovanja povežejo obstoječe baze podatkov o arhivskem gradivu, kar bo na eni strani omogočilo skrbnikom fondov in zbirk v slovenskih javnih arhivih uresničevati sodobne informacijske potrebe po razvrščanju fondov in zbirk v sistematično urejen in dolgoročno vsebinsko vzdržen sistem tektonike arhivskega gradiva znotraj javnih arhivskih ustanov in na drugi strani omogočilo uporabnikom arhivskega gradiva iskanje po tektoniki v vseh slovenskih javnih arhivih. Klasifikacija fondov in zbirk - standardna shema vsebuje metodološka izhodišča za oblikovanje nivojev klasifikacije, klasifikacijskega znaka, naslovov, pravil razvrščanja in samo klasifikacijsko shemo.