bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Piezoelectric Based Lamb Waves Generation and Propagation in Orthotropic CFRP Plates: II. Influence of Interfacial Stress Distribution
Authors: Shevtsova Maria , Kirillova Evgenia , Rozhkov Eugeny , Chebanenko Valery , Shevtsov Sergey , Wu Jiing Kae , Chang Shun Hsyung
Published: July 2019

This paper investigates the Lamb wave generation by the surface bonded circular piezoelectric (PZT) actuator and wave propagation within the orthotropic Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) plate considering the anisotropy of the elastic and damping properties of the materials; existence of the adhesive layer; and dependence of the interfacial stress distribution on the surface between host plate and actuator, on the anisotropy of the plate material, and on the excited frequency, wavelength and plate thickness. This part of our investigation includes FE based study of the shear stress distribution on the interface between circular PZT actuator and surface of orthotropic CFRP plate, and its dependence on the excited wavelength and plate thickness. The anisotropic elastic and damping properties of the plate material, which are used in the implemented finite element (FE) model, have been preliminary determined in the first part of our investigation. We compare the behavior of the wave generation, propagation and attenuation that are studied using this model with the similar dependencies obtained at the simulation of the non-dissipating plate excited by the periodical radially oriented force, which is distributed along the circumference bounding the actuator, i.e. 3D pin-force excitation case. The proposed results can be used at the design of SHM for the composite structures with the structural anisotropy and damping, and at making a reasonable choice of the frequency, type, dimensions and optimum placement of the actuators and sensors.
Mechanical Properties of Graphene Nanoplatelets-Reinforced Epoxy Grout in Repairing Damaged Pipelines
Authors: Sing Lim Kar , Zardasti Libriati , Noor Norhazilan Md , Yahaya Nordin
Published: July 2019

The use of Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites together with infill grout has been proven effective for repairing damaged steel pipelines. This paper study the mechanical properties of epoxy grouts where an amount of 0.2% and 0.8% of graphene nanoplatelets particles were added to commercial epoxy resin to evaluate their behaviour regarding neat epoxy resin. Compressive tests, tensile tests and flexural tests were conducted to study the effect of graphene nanoplatelets towards neat epoxy resin. By comparing graphene-modified grouts and neat epoxy grout, there is no increment of strength under compression and tensile test due to poor dispersion of graphene nanoplatelets. Nevertheless, the addition of graphene has produced a noticeable improvement in flexural properties. This signifies that with the inclusion of graphene nanoplatelets, the properties of epoxy grout can be improved if a better dispersion can be achieved.
Green Synthesis of Spherical Shaped Silver Nanoparticles Using Allium cepa Leaves Extract and its Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Jusoh Rohayu , Kamarudin Nur Hidayatul Nazirah , Kamarudin Nur Syahirah , Sukor Nuramira Fateha
Published: July 2019

Spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (5–15 nm) were synthesized by a simple electrochemical method at room temperature using Allium Cepa (AC) leaves extract. AC leaves extract that acts as a reducing and stabilizing agent is capable of producing AgNPs without any agglomeration. The phytochemical properties of the leaves extract including total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and its active species were studied. The crystallinity, morphology, and functional characteristics of the AgNPs were analyzed using an X–ray diffractometer, a transmission electron microscope, and a Fourier–transform infrared spectrometer, respectively. The characterization results verified the contribution of phenolic acids and flavonoids in reduction of Ag+ to metallic AgNPs and also in stabilization of the AgNPs. The catalytic activity of the AgNPs was tested towards the photodegradation of 2, 4–dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4–D) herbicide, in which showing a remarkable degradation performance of 80%. The results provide strong evidence to support the potential use of AC leaves extract to act as green reducing and stabilizing agents as well as a green electrolyte to synthesize well–scattered spherical shaped AgNPs.
The Effect of Nitrogen Bubbles on Microstructure of Natural Rubber Foams Produced by Bubbling Process
Authors: Katkeaw Kuntida , Nooklay Benjaporn , Kokoo Rungrote , Kooptarnond Kalayanee , Khangkhamano Matthana
Published: July 2019

Natural rubber latex foam (NRF) was produced using nitrogen bubbling process. The process involved flowing of nitrogen with a constant flow rate of 80 cc/min through a bubble column, filled with latex compound, to generate a high bubble-volume inside the column. Microstructure of the finished product was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), in comparison with that of the purchased Dunlop foam. The results showed characteristic of the as-produced foam that they composed of spherical pores with a uniform interconnected-cell structures. On the other hand, the Dunlop foam exhibited non-spherical pores and non-uniform cell structure with broken cells.
Vacuolar (H+)-ATPase Critically Regulates Specialized Proresolving Mediator Pathways in Human M2-like Monocyte-Derived Macrophages and Has a Crucial Role in Resolution of Inflammation
Authors: Rao Zhigang , Pace Simona , Jordan Paul M. , Bilancia Rossella , Troisi Fabiana , Börner Friedemann , Andreas Nico , Kamradt Thomas , Menche Dirk , Rossi Antonietta , Serhan Charles N. , Gerstmeier Jana , Werz Oliver
Published: July 2019

Alternative (M2)-polarized macrophages possess high capacities to produce specialized proresolving mediators (SPM; i.e., resolvins, protectins, and maresins) that play key roles in resolution of inflammation and tissue regeneration. Vacuolar (H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) is fundamental in inflammatory cytokine trafficking and secretion and was implicated in macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype, but its role in SPM production and lipid mediator biosynthesis in general is elusive. In this study, we show that V-ATPase activity is required for the induction of SPM-biosynthetic pathways in human M2-like monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and consequently for resolution of inflammation. Blockade of V-ATPase by archazolid during IL-4–induced human M2 polarization abrogated 15-lipoxygenase-1 expression and prevented the related biosynthesis of SPM in response to pathogenic Escherichia coli, assessed by targeted liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry–based metabololipidomics. In classically activated proinflammatory M1-like MDM, however, the biosynthetic machinery for lipid mediator formation was independent of V-ATPase activity. Targeting V-ATPase in M2 influenced neither IL-4–triggered JAK/STAT6 nor the mTOR complex 1 signaling but strongly suppressed the ERK-1/2 pathway. Accordingly, the ERK-1/2 pathway contributes to 15-lipoxygenase-1 expression and SPM formation in M2-like MDM. Targeting V-ATPase in vivo delayed resolution of zymosan-induced murine peritonitis accompanied by decreased SPM levels without affecting proinflammatory leukotrienes or PGs. Together, our data propose that V-ATPase regulates 15-lipoxygenase-1 expression and consequent SPM biosynthesis involving ERK-1/2 during M2 polarization, implying a crucial role for V-ATPase in the resolution of inflammation.
Indigenous and faith healing for mental health in Ghana: An examination of the literature on reported beliefs, practices and use of alternative mental health care in Ghana
Authors: Kpobi Lily , Swartz Leslie
Published: July 2019

Background: For many people in African countries, various forms of health care are utilised for the treatment of illness. This pluralistic nature of health seeking includes the use of indigenous, faith and allopathic medicines for care.Aim: In this article, our aim was to gain insight into the existing knowledge on indigenous and faith healing in Ghana, with a particular focus on mental health care. We first examine the reported mental health beliefs and practices of Ghanaian alternative healers. Following this, we look at the use and purported preference for non-biomedical mental health care by patients.Methods: Relevant literature was examined to explore the beliefs, practices and use of non-biomedical mental health care systems in GhanaResults: Evidence for the use and preference for non-biomedical mental health care is largely anecdotal. Similarly, the mental health beliefs of alternative healers have been documented in various small-scale studies. However, such information is important if mental health services in Ghana are to be improved.Conclusion: Integration of the different healthcare systems must be built on knowledge of beliefs and methods. A clearer understanding of the work of non-biomedical healers is important if appropriate recommendations are to be made for collaboration between biomedical and non-biomedical systems in Ghana.
Applying duoethnography to position researcher identity in management research
Authors: Kinnear Lisa C. , Ruggunan Shaun
Published: July 2019

Orientation: South African management studies do not have a strong tradition of qualitative, critical and reflexive research. We explore how this may occur through a reflection on researcher identity.Research purpose: To critically reflect on the focussed dialogue and reflection between the authors and to demonstrate how duoethnography can challenge management scholars to become more reflective of their scholarship.Motivation for the study: To show how duoethnography can be applied in management studies scholarship as a methodological approach.Research approach/design and method: A duoethnographic approach is used. This is a collaborative form of autoethnography between two researchers. The researchers themselves become the participants of the study. The dialogue between the researchers is reflective of shared, sometimes conflictual experiences on a focussed topic or research question. We reflect on the ways our dialogues influence Lisa’s reflection of her own identity when conducting qualitative doctoral research with a feminist lens. Her identity is also influenced through some of the narrative texts of the women she interviewed during her fieldwork.Main findings: The account concludes that duoethnography challenges the positivist position that researcher identity is objective from the participants we research. We show that gender, race and epistemic assumptions are not simply quantitative variables.Practical/managerial implications: The practical implication of the study is to encourage management scholars to engage in duoethnographic collaborations as a means to facilitate critical reflection on current and past work.Contribution/value-add: The study provides an original duoethnographic account that is an uncommon reflective practice in a management research context.
World confederation for physical therapy Africa Region- Second Regional Congress, Harare
Authors: Beenhakker Jo
Published: July 2019

No abstract available
Continuing physiotherapy education courses: A critical appraisal
Authors: Bardin L. D.
Published: July 2019

The importance of Continuing Physiotherapy Education (CPE) courses as an aspect of Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is discussed. Using a questionnaire, a study was conducted to assess various aspects pertaining to a CPE course on "Mobilisation of the Nervous System". Results showed that a majority of participants favoured courses of one day duration and were interested in further courses on this topic. This and a subsequent course on the same subject were rated (0-10) by the participants and compared. The second course achieved a higher mean score (9.3 versus 8.0) and 10/10 score (47% versus 12%, p<0.05) compared to the first course. The results suggest that improved course presentation and materials can be achieved, based on the analysis of information gained from the use of questionnaires completed by course participants. Evaluation of CPE courses is valuable and should form an integral part of CPE course planning, preparation and modification.
Ankle size measurements with the foot in a free haning position: Reliability of the Figure-of-Eight Tape Method
Authors: Van Herp Guy , Al Shatti Talal
Published: July 2019

Ankle swelling is a commonly encountered condition in physiotherapy practice. Reliable and easy methods of quantification are required to record progress in treatment. The aim of this study was to establish the inter- and intra-reliability of the figure-of-eight tape measure for measuring ankle size. Thirty-six healthy subjects were measured in long-sitting position with the foot hanging free over the edge of a plinth. Three testers performed four measurements each for a total of 12 measurements per subject. The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.96 for inter-tester reliability and 0.94 for intra-tester reliability. The results agree with previous reliability studies using the figure-of-eight tape method on healthy subjects. The figure-of-eight tape method is easily learned and applied. It is a reliable method for measuring ankle size. Further research is needed to demonstrate the reliability and validity of the technique in a clinical setting.
Rising to the Challenge: Residency Programs' Experience With Implementing Milestones-Based Assessment
Authors: Dzara Kristina , Huth Kathleen , Kesselheim Jennifer C. , Schumacher Daniel J.
Published: July 2019

Background

Changes to assessment efforts following the shift to milestones-based assessment in the ACGME Next Accreditation System have not been fully characterized.

Objective

This study describes themes in initial milestones-based assessment practices with the goal of informing continued implementation and optimization of milestones-based assessment.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 residency program leaders in 6 specialties at 8 academic medical centers between August and December 2016. We explored what was retained, what was added, and what was changed from pre-milestones assessment efforts. We also examined the perceived impact of the shift to milestones-based assessment on the programs. Thematic analysis began after the first 5 interviews and ended once thematic sufficiency was reached. Two additional authors reviewed the codes, offered critical input, and informed the formation and naming of the final themes.

Results

Three themes were identified: (1) program leaders faced challenges to effective implementation; (2) program leaders focused on adaptability and making milestones work in what felt like a less than ideal situation for them; and (3) despite challenges, program leaders see value and utility in their efforts to move to milestones-based assessment. We describe a number of strategies that worked for programs during the transition, with perceived benefits acknowledged.

Conclusions

While adaptation to milestones has occurred and benefits are noted, negative impacts and challenges (eg, perceived lack of implementation guidance and faculty development resources) persist. There are important lessons learned (eg, utilizing implementation experiences formatively to improve curricula and assessment) in the transition to milestones-based assessment.
Assessing London CO2, CH4 and CO emissions using aircraft measurements and dispersion modelling
Authors: Pitt Joseph R. , Allen Grant , Bauguitte Stéphane J.-B. , Gallagher Martin W. , Lee James D. , Drysdale Will , Nelson Beth , Manning Alistair J. , Palmer Paul I.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. We present a new modelling approach for assessing
atmospheric emissions from a city, using an aircraft measurement sampling
strategy similar to that employed by previous mass balance studies. Unlike
conventional mass balance methods, our approach does not assume that
city-scale emissions are confined to a well-defined urban area and that
peri-urban emissions are negligible. We apply our new approach to a case
study conducted in March 2016, investigating CO, CH4 and CO2
emissions from a region focussed around Greater London using aircraft
sampling of the downwind plume. For each species, we simulate the flux per
unit area that would be observed at the aircraft sampling locations based on
emissions from the UK national inventory, transported using a Lagrangian
dispersion model. To reconcile this simulation with the measured flux per
unit area, assuming the transport model is not biased, we require that
inventory values of CO, CH4 and CO2 are scaled by 1.03, 0.71 and
1.61, respectively. However, our result for CO2 should not be
considered a direct comparison with the inventory which only includes
anthropogenic fluxes. For comparison, we also calculate fluxes using a conventional mass balance
approach and compare these to the emissions inventory aggregated over the
Greater London area. Using this method we derive much higher inventory scale factors for all three gases, as a direct consequence of the failure to
account for emissions outside the Greater London boundary. That
substantially different conclusions are drawn using the conventional mass
balance method demonstrates the danger of using this technique for cities
whose emissions cannot be separated from significant surrounding sources.
Quantification of water vapour transport from the Asian monsoon to the stratosphere
Authors: Nützel Matthias , Podglajen Aurélien , Garny Hella , Ploeger Felix
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Numerous studies have presented evidence that the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone substantially influences the distribution of trace gases – including water vapour – in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (e.g. Santee et al., 2017). Stratospheric water vapour in turn strongly affects surface climate (see e.g. Solomon et al., 2010). Here, we analyse the characteristics of water vapour transport from the upper troposphere in the Asian monsoon region to the stratosphere employing a multiannual simulation with the chemistry-transport model CLaMS (Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere). This simulation is driven by meteorological data from ERA-Interim and features a water vapour tagging that allows us to assess the contributions of different upper tropospheric source regions to the stratospheric water vapour budget. Our results complement the analysis of air mass transport through the Asian monsoon anticyclone by Ploeger et al. (2017). The results show that the transport characteristics for water vapour are mainly determined by the bulk mass transport from the Asian monsoon region. Further, we find that, although the relative contribution from the Asian monsoon region to water vapour in the deep tropics is rather small (average peak contribution of 14 % at 450 K), the Asian monsoon region is very efficient in transporting water vapour to this region (when judged according to its comparatively small spatial extent). With respect to the Northern Hemisphere extratropics, the Asian monsoon region is much more impactful and efficient regarding water vapour transport than e.g. the North American monsoon region (averaged maximum contributions at 400 K of 29 % versus 6.4 %).
Ozone measurement practice in the laboratory using Schönbein's method
Authors: Ramirez-Gonzalez Ignacio Arturo , Añel Juan Antonio , Cid-Samamed Antonio
Published: July 2019

Abstract. We present a laboratory technique that can be used to measure tropospheric ozone, following a traditional method developed by Christian Friedrich Schönbein in the 19th century. The practice is described with two levels of complexity (the advanced level includes the production in the lab of paper strips as they were produced in the 19th century while the basic level does not) and is suitable for use by both high-school and first-year undergraduate students. The overall aim is to familiarise students with both the scientific methods involved and the related concepts of pollution and ozone. This technique was developed and presented in high schools during a communication campaign to celebrate the annual Galician Scientist Day and based on the detected need for a better understanding of the problems of climate change and pollution.
Depth is Relative: The Importance of Depth on TEP in the Near
Surface Environment
Authors: Robinson Tiera-Brandy , Stolle Christian , Wurl Oliver
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) are a major source for both organic matter (OM) and carbon transfer in the ocean and into the atmosphere. Consequently, understanding the vertical distribution of TEP and the processes which impact its movement are important in understanding the OM and carbon pools on a larger scale. Additionally, most studies looking at the vertical profile of TEP have focused on large depth scales from 5 to 1000s meters and have omitted the near surface environment. Results from a study of TEP enrichment in the sea surface microlayer (SML) in different regions (tropical, temperate) has shown that while there is a correlation between TEP abundance and primary production (PP) on larger or seasonal scales, such relationships break down on shorter time and spatial scales. Using a novel small-scale vertical sampler, the vertical distribution of TEP within the uppermost 2 meters was investigated. With a maximum variance of TEP abundance between depths (1.39 × 106 µg XG eq2 L-2) and a minimum variance of (6 × 102 µg XG eq2 L-2) the vertical distribution of TEP was found to be both heterogeneous and homogeneous at times. Results from the enrichment of TEP and Chl a between different regions has shown TEP enrichment to be greater in oligotrophic waters, when both Chl a and TEP abundance was low, suggesting the importance of abiotic sources for the enrichment of TEP in the SML. However, considering multiple additional parameters that were sampled, it is clear that no single parameter could be used as a proxy for TEP heterogeneity, other probable biochemical drivers of TEP transport are discussed.
Redescubrimiento de "Romulea bulbocodium" en la provincia de Sevilla
Authors: Medina-Gavilán José Luis
Published: July 2019

Se confirma la presencia de Romulea bulbocodium (L.) Sebast. & Mauri en la provincia de Sevilla, donde no se había citado desde 1861. Se trata de un geófito de distribución circunmediterránea, versátil en la ocupación del hábitat y ampliamente extendido en la Península Ibérica. Actualmente se consideraba ausente del territorio hispalense, donde continúa siendo una especie muy rara. Convive con Romulea ramiflora Ten. susbp. ramiflora.
Pattern of benign ovarian cysts in Qatari women
Authors: Zahra Fatimah
Published: July 2019

Objective: To study the age distribution, histopathological types, lateral distribution and surgical interventions performed for benign ovarian cysts in Qatari women undergoing surgical intervention for an ovarian cyst. Design: A retrospective descriptive study. Setting: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Al-Ahli Hospital, Doha, Qatar. Patients and methods: Data were collected retrospectively from clinical records of Qatari women who underwent surgical intervention from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2015 at Al-Ahli Hospital for an ovarian or paraovarian cyst. The age distribution, frequencies and percentages were calculated for each type of ovarian cyst and the side of the ovary involved was recorded. Results were statistically analysed by IBM SPSS, version 23. Results: A total of 81 women had an ovarian or paraovarian cyst. Age ranged from 16 to 58 years. The maximum number of women were in the 21–30-year-old age group. Benign epithelial cysts were found to be most common (32; 39.5%), of which the majority were for endometriotic cysts (15; 18.5%), serous cystadenoma (13; 16%) and mucinous cystadenoma (4; 4.9%). This was followed by physiological cysts (26; 32.1%), which included corpus luteal cysts (15; 18.5%) and simple follicular cysts (11; 13.6%). The other categories of ovarian tumours were for mature cystic teratoma (14; 17.3%), benign sex cord–stromal tumours (1; 1.2%) which included stromal cell tumours (1; 1.2%), borderline ovarian tumour (1; 1.2%) and paraovarian cysts (7; 8.6%). There was bilateral ovarian involvement in 9 cases (11.1%) and unilateral involvement in 72 (88.9%). The right ovary was involved in more cases (39; 48.1%), than for the left ovary (33; 40.7%). Conclusion: Benign epithelial tumours were found to be the most common type of ovarian tumour in Qatari women. Endometriotic cysts followed by serous cystadenomas were the most common types of benign epithelial tumours. The right ovary was found to be involved in more cases than the left ovary.
Cost Analysis of Treating Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Community Hospitals Compared With a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shasti Mark , Li Tuo P. , Case Alexandria L. , Hariharan Arun R. , Jauregui Julio J. , Abzug Joshua M.
Published: July 2019

Objective:

In the current healthcare environment, providing cost-efficient care is of paramount importance. One emerging strategy is to use community hospitals (CHs) rather than tertiary care hospitals (TCHs) for some procedures. This study assesses the costs of performing closed reduction percutaneous pinning (CRPP) of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHFs) at a CH compared with a TCH.

Methods:

A retrospective review of 133 consecutive SCHFs treated with CRPP at a CH versus a TCH over a 6-year period was performed. Total encounter and subcategorized costs were compared between the procedures done at a CH versus those done at a TCH.

Results:

Performing CRPP for a SCHF at a CH compared with a TCH saved 44% in costs (P < 0.001). Cost reduction of 51% was attributable to operating room costs, 19% to anesthesia-related costs, 16% to imaging-related costs, and 7% to supplies.

Discussion:

Performing CRPP for a SCHF at a CH compared with a TCH results in a 44% decrease in direct cost, driven largely by surgical, anesthesia, and radiology-related savings.
Management of the Floating Knee: Ipsilateral Fractures of the Femur and Tibia
Authors: Vallier Heather A. , Manzano Givenchy W.
Published: July 2019

The “floating knee” is defined as fractures of the ipsilateral femur and tibia, which consists of a spectrum of injury, and may be in isolation or part of multiple system trauma for a given patient. A floating knee may compromise limb viability due to severe soft-tissue and vascular injury. Expeditious fracture reduction and patient resuscitation are crucial, while type and timing of provisional and definitive management is guided by the extent of injury to the involved extremity and associated systemic injuries. Numerous surgical techniques are available to treat the floating knee, including external fixation and internal fixation with plates or intramedullary nails. Fracture complexity and severity of soft-tissue injury present challenges, with articular injuries potentially more debilitating in the long term. Complications such as infection, deep vein thrombosis, knee stiffness, nonunion, malunion, and posttraumatic arthrosis after these injuries should be considered.
Bridging the Gap Between Discourse Analysis and Language Classroom Practice
Authors: Alsoraihi Maha H.
Published: July 2019

This paper deals with the emergence of discourse analysis (DA), its significance and its application in the classroom environments. It also sheds light on (DA) dimensions and how its relevance to English language teaching (ELT) will enhance the quality of teaching/learning a language. This research paper supports the fact that language cannot be learned or taught in isolation. Effective language learning/teaching requires learners to be engaged in actual/social contexts in order to apply their knowledge and skills for achieving a successful communication which is the ultimate goal of learning a language. This paper discusses various associated applications of discourse analysis in language classrooms in an attempt improve the quality of language teaching/learning techniques and outcomes. The researcher also reviews the most prominent challenges that hinder the effective implementation of this approach and provide certain solutions that can be used in order to overcome these challenges. This paper assumes that learners who focus on relating linguistic knowledge to social and cultural contexts will demonstrate high levels of communicative performance and self-confidence.
Phonemic Comparison of English and Punjabi
Authors: Chohan Muhammad Nadeem , Maldonado García Maria Isabel
Published: July 2019

English and Punjabi are languages which do not belong to the same families of languages. English is one of the West Germanic languages whereas; Punjabi is a part of the Indo-Aryan family. Punjabi is spoken by various nations on the globe, especially Pakistan and its province Punjab as well as in Indian Panjab. Both English and Punjabi manifest themselves through various dialects on the basis of diversified geographical areas. English is used as the first language by 379,007,140 speakers and further 753,359,540 speakers use it as a second language in more than 104 nations. So, the total speakers of English around the globe are 1,132,366,680 (Ethnologue, 2019). The importance of Punjabi cannot be denied being the 10th most widely used language on the globe (Ghai & Singh, 2013). According to Ethnologue (2019), the total number of Punjabi speakers is 125,326,840. In Pakistan, it is the language of the majority of the people residing in the most populous province of Pakistan, Punjab. It is among twenty-two languages that have obtained official status. Unfortunately, no considerable work has been done on its phonology. This study is an attempt to describe the phonemic differences between English and Punjabi by using the theoretical framework of the Levenshtein algorithm. The index of differences and similarities is determined through the inventories of both languages. The inventories are used as data in this research paper. The Levenshtein algorithm (Levenshtein, 1965) is used to analyse the inventories to calculate the ratio of differences and similarities. The outcome of the current research shows that both English and Punjabi have a phonemic similarity level of 56.25% whereas the index of difference is 43.75%.
The Comparative Study of the Relationship Between Smartphone Choice and Socio-Economic Indicators
Authors: Jamalova Maral , Milán Constantinovits
Published: July 2019

The aim of the current study is to measure the influence of the socio-economic indicators on consumers’ purchase decision about smartphones based on the operating system. For this purpose, indicators as GDP per capita, Gross Savings, Inflation, ICT Development Index, Unemployment and Human Development Index were chosen. Excluding cultural, psychological and personal factors (which mainly should be analyzed on microeconomic level), therefore mentioned socio-economic variables are the same for all citizens of the country. These indicators create an overview of the general situation on the global level and in the developing/developed countries. Also, it makes a sense to identify the relationship between variables not only on the global level but also in the context of income level. So, research is essential to determine the above-mentioned trends in the smartphone market.
The Effect of External Environment on Marketing Performance of Retail Stores: Applied Study on Amman City of Jordan
Authors: Ziyadat Akef Yousef
Published: July 2019

The study aims at identifying the role of external factors in affecting marketing performance of retail stores in Jordan which is reflected on the increment of sales volume, market share and consumers’ satisfaction. The study population composed of all retail stores in Amman; the study sample was a simple random sample (probability sample). Data have been collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using (SPSS) program. The measurement of the effect of the independent variables (the economic, political, social and cultural factors) on the dependent variable (marketing performance) showed that there is a positive significant relationship between the independent and dependent variables. This relationship shows that marketing performance of retail stores increases with the enhancement of the store’s surrounding environment. Based on this, the study recommended a number of recommendations that harmonize with the results, marketing contents and future trends which shall be carried on by stores’ owners and the related bodies such as the governmental organizations and chambers of commerce.
Application of Homotopy to the Ageing Process of Human Body Within the Framework of Algebraic Topology
Authors: Brew Lewis , Obeng-Denteh William , Zigli David Delali
Published: July 2019

This paper presents the ageing process of the human body from the homotopy concept in the algebraic topology. The compact connected human body with boundary is assumed to be topologically equivalent to a cylinder. The complex connected cylindrical shape of the body x=S^1*I, described by the functions f,h: x→x is a Cartesian product of the vertical interval I=[0,β] and a circle S^1. The initial state of the body x=S^1*I is the topological shape of the infant. The ageing process called the homotopy is the family of continuous functions f_t(x) on the interval I=[0,α] where α>β and t≥β. It is an increasing sequence of the function f_t(x) of the body x=S^1*I. The homotopy relates the topological shape of the infant to the topological shape of the adult. The homology theory assigns to the human body (x) a sequence of abelian groups H_n(x) for n=0,1,2…and to the continuous function a sequence of homomorphism. The homology group characterizes the number and continuity of the compact surface of human body. The study excludes genetic, hormonal, environmental and other factors in the ageing process and recognizes the fact that ageing continues throughout life, through childhood, and adolescence into adulthood. Topologically the infant is equal to the adult since the infant continuously grows into the adult. The study found an algebraic way of relating homotopy to the process of ageing of human body. It was also established that this could offer other topologists useful topological tips in the application of homotopy to other physical continuous processes.

 

 
Wat evaluatoren van kritiek kunnen leren
Authors: Korsten A.F.A.
Published: July 2019

Wat evaluatoren van kritiek kunnen leren

In dit artikel wordt het evaluatieonderzoek van overheidsbeleid kritisch onder de loep genomen. De auteur bespreekt vier alternatieven: responsieve en multipele evaluatie, argumentatieve evaluatie, netwerkgericht evalueren en lerend evalueren. De bevindingen kunnen positief inwerken op het ‘leren van evalueren’ in organisaties.
De uitsluiting van overdraagbaarheid van vorderingen – een kwestie van uitleg
Authors: Spanjaard J.H.M.
Published: July 2019

Artikel 3:83 lid 2 BW geeft aan contracterende partijen de bevoegdheid de overdraagbaarheid van vorderingen uit te sluiten. Een dergelijke uitsluiting onder artikel 3:83 lid 2 BW kan ook goederenrechtelijke werking hebben, zodat een vordering niet rechtsgeldig gecedeerd of verpand kan worden. In het arrest Coface/Intergamma overwoog de Hoge Raad dat de vraag of een beding dat de overdraagbaarheid uitsluit goederenrechtelijke werking of uitsluitend verbintenisrechtelijke werking heeft, moet worden beantwoord door uitleg. Die uitleg wordt door objectief haviltexen verkregen, waarbij de verbintenisrechtelijke werking vooropstaat.
Halina Zdebska-Biziewska (1960-2018),
an invaluable professor and Olympic activist
Authors: Żmuda-Pałka Magdalena
Published: July 2019

Halina Zdebska-Biziewska was a person connected with sport and involved in popularising physical culture. Her
activity, energy and diligence inspired others. In her life, she was guided by the “Fair Play” rule. She was a valued
professor and researcher. H. Zdebska-Biziewska showed that the essence of sport is not only its pragmatic side, but
also the axiology associated with it, because the philosophical theory of values allows to perceive sport as a source
and transmission of many values. H. Zdebska-Biziewska, as an open, friendly and respected person, was a valuable
fi gure in the development of Polish Olympism and the Kraków UPE (the University of Physical Education in Kraków).
This publication aims to present the profi le of professor Halina Zdebska-Biziewska, who was not only a valued researcher,
but also acted socially to promote physical culture in the country and abroad.
Transformation. Personal digital gewinnen, binden und fördern
Authors: Eisenreich Thomas
Published: July 2019

Viele Organisationen und Unternehmen der Sozialwirtschaft befinden sich mitten in Prozessen der Digitalisierung. Das bedeutet eine große Herausforderung insbesondere für das Personalmanagement.
Bequem und risikobehaftet
Authors: Luckert Stefanie
Published: July 2019

Der Informationsaustausch mit »Programmen zur schriftlichen Sofortkommunikation«, so die deutsche Messenger-Übersetzung, ist inzwischen privat und beruflich etabliert. Doch haben diese Programme ihre rechtlichen Tücken, wie insbesondere der Blick auf den Marktführer WhatsApp zeigt. Die Katholische und die Evangelische Kirche haben dessen dienstliche Nutzung bereits untersagt. Stefanie Luckert, Geschäftsführerin eines Wirtschaftsverbandes, erklärt die Risiken und zeigt mögliche Lösungswege.
Vorstandsarbeit agil gestalten
Authors: Epe Hendrik
Published: July 2019

Der eingetragene Verein ist nach wie vor die bestimmende Rechtsform insbesondere kleiner sozialer Organisationen. Dabei kann das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Vorstand und Mitarbeiterschaft auch angesichts neuer Herausforderungen produktiv gestaltet werden.
Beyond a “New Intolerance”
Authors: Pedroso Joaquin A. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2019

In this article I tease out a conception of reason in Pierre-Joseph Proudhon’s writings that is both decoupled from Enlightenment notions of human nature, progress, and transcendental truth, as well as auto-critically engaged with the anti-authoritarian Enlightenment ethos of anarchist thought. In so doing, I hope to reveal how the Proudhonian deployment of reason retained a healthy skepticism of foundationalism, philosophical systems-building, and the intellectualism bred of its dogmatic excesses as well as reconsider Proudhon’s relation to our most privileged faculty.
Beyond Realism
Authors: Ascari Maurizio ,   Marquette University Press
Published: July 2019

A complex and controversial novel, Atonement is at the core of a lively critical debate, opposing those who focus on the impossibility of Briony’s atonement – also in relation to the author’s atheist views – to those who conversely explore the redemptive quality of her “postlapsarian” painful self-fashioning. Far from concerning simply the destiny of a literary character, this debate has to do with the impact Postmodernist relativism has on both the conception of the human subject and the discourses of the past, from memory to history and fiction. Discarding any potentially nihilistic interpretations of Atonement as disempowering, this article delves into Ian McEwan’s multi-layered text in order to comprehend its ambivalences, its subtle investigation of the human condition, and its status as a postmemory novel reconnecting us to the events of World War Two.
The Most Important Virtue?
Authors: Pittman Josh ,   Marquette University Press
Published: July 2019

The narrator of the Middle English Cleanness states that God punishes sexual sin more harshly than any other sin. This essay argues that the rest of the BL Cotton Nero A.x manuscript continues to develop the virtue of temperance, which governs sexual behavior, as a central theme. Pearl uses temperance to bring home the dreamer’s sin and God’s justice, while Patience and SGGK employ the interrelation between temperance and fortitude in ways that make temperance foundational. Interrogating the interdependence of the virtues allows the poet to challenge the traditional hierarchy of virtues, in which temperance is the lowest, thus making the case that temperance is paradoxically foundational to other virtues, like justice and fortitude. In this way, the poems not only make a case for the value of temperance, but they also expose ambiguities in orthodox accounts of the virtues.
Using subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing as an innovative pedagogical tool in the language class:
Authors: Talaván Noa
Published: July 2019

The present article describes a didactic proposal based on the use of an audiovisual translation and accessibility mode as a pedagogical tool: subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing (SDH). When students create SDH for a pre-selected clip within a well-structured task, they are enhancing integrated skills, especially in the form of written production (of the subtitles), listening comprehension (of the original), and lexical creativity (through the condensation of the original message in the form of subtitles and the description of paralinguistic elements). A project undertaken with online students to assess the potential benefits of SDH has acted as a preliminary study to back up the didactic proposal presented herein. The main data gathered from this experience offers a reference for future practice and research in this field, since it confirms previous assumptions on the validity of subtitling as a pedagogical tool to improve foreign language learning skills.
Jemima’s wrongs: Reading the female body in Mary Wollstonecraft’s prostitute biography
Authors: Borham-Puyal Miriam
Published: July 2019

A popular eighteenth-century genre, the prostitute’s biography portrayed the lives of harlots for an avid audience. These stories capitalized on the prostitute’s body, exposing its allure and degradation, and directing their censure towards the fallen woman or the cruel society that condemned her. At the same time, they revealed the complex realities of prostitution in the gender, moral and economic politics of their time. In the tradition of the ‘whore biography,’ yet departing from simplistic approaches, Mary Wollstonecraft included the story of a redeemed prostitute, Jemima, as one of the inset narratives of her last work, The Wrongs of Woman (1798). The present article discusses how the prostitute’s story enables Wollstonecraft to expose the control over women’s bodies within an endemically unjust society, regulating their role as mothers, sexual beings and workers, advancing contemporary discussions on women’s function as (re)producers and the ways in which their bodies are still circumscribed.
Una propuesta para la enseñanza de las locuciones en la clase de ELE
Authors: Ureña Tormo Clara , Gómez González Alba
Published: July 2019

A pesar de los grandes avances en el ámbito de la enseñanza de la fraseología, el tratamiento que las unidades fraseológicas reciben no siempre resulta totalmente satisfactorio. En este artículo se presenta una secuencia didáctica incluida en la obra Locuciones y refranes para dar y tomar (Gómez González y Ureña Tormo, 2014) y se detalla la experiencia práctica de llevarla a la clase de ELE. Esta propuesta plantea el estudio de un grupo de locuciones relacionadas con la expresión de opiniones y valoraciones, y va dirigida a estudiantes de español de nivel B2, etapa del aprendizaje en que ya se ha alcanzado un cierto dominio del idioma. Siguiendo las bases del enfoque comunicativo, la secuencia incluye una amplia tipología de actividades, distribuidas en distintas fases, con el objetivo de que los estudiantes sean capaces de identificar, comprender y memorizar las locuciones propuestas e integrarlas en su competencia comunicativa.Palabras clave: fraseología, locuciones, valoraciones, enfoque comunicativo.
Aplicación de las unidades fraseológicas a la enseñanza de e/le
Authors: García Montes Andrea , La Hoz Miralles Andrea , Latorre García Lidia , López Martínez Miguel
Published: July 2019

Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es señalar que se puede acercar el aprendizaje de las unidades fraseológicas a la clase de e/le en los niveles iniciales (A1-A2). La dificultad que puede suponer este tipo de estructuras hace que los diferentes manuales de e/le no las recojan hasta llegado un nivel B2. Tras reparar en esta situación, hemos decidido elaborar una serie de actividades, con carácter lúdico, para poder utilizarlas en clase con los alumnos e intentar que aprendan diferentes locuciones mediante juegos. Para el diseño de estas actividades hemos delimitado nuestro corpus de unidades fraseológicas siguiendo una metodología basada en la noción de metáfora conceptual. Creemos que si los alumnos empiezan a utilizar unidades fraseológicas desde el principio del aprendizaje les será más fácil su reconocimiento y adquisición en niveles superiores.Palabras clave: unidades fraseológicas, enseñanza, actividades e/le, niveles iniciales. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to show that phraseological units can be taught in the initial levels (A1-A2) of e/le. These units are complex for these levels, because of that they don’t appear in many handbooks until B2 level. Once we realized this situation, we have decided to prepare different ludic activities for using them in the classroom and trying to teach the students plenty of these units while they are having a good time. For designing these activities, we have delimited our corpus of phraseological units following a conceptual metaphor based methodology. From our point of view, we consider that the early use of the phraseological units will benefit the students because they will be able to recognize them and use them in superior levels.Keywords: phraseological units, teaching, e/le activities, initial levels.
¡Qué quejicosos! Buzón de quejas a través del aprendizaje cooperativo
Authors: García Martínez Isabel
Published: July 2019

Resumen: En este artículo se ofrece una experiencia práctica enmarcada dentro del aprendizaje cooperativo, que crea una interdependencia positiva propicia para el aprendizaje. Para ello, después de una breve aproximación teórica al aprendizaje cooperativo, la argumentación y los actos de habla de queja, así como del género textual «carta de reclamación», se expone la propuesta de nivel B2 organizada en diferentes pasos: la selección de equipos, el análisis de cartas de reclamación, la modificación de los equipos, la asignación de roles, así como la escritura de cartas y posterior evaluación. Se trabajan distintas destrezas, además de conseguir que los alumnos interactúen como en la vida real. Palabras clave: aprendizaje cooperativo, carta de reclamación, argumentación, expresión escrita. Abstract: This article offers a practical experience framed within cooperative learning, which creates a positive interdependence conducive to learning. To do so, after a brief theoretical approach to cooperative learning, argumentation and acts of speech of complaint, as well as the textual genre "letter of complaint", the proposal of level B2 organized in different steps: the selection of equipment, the analysis of complaint letters, the modification of the teams, the assignment of roles, as well as the writing of letters and subsequent evaluation. Different skills are worked on, as well as getting students to interact as in real life.Keywords: cooperative learning, complaint letters, argumentation, writing skills.