bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reduction of zooplankton communities in small lake outlets in relation to abiotic and biotic factors
Authors: Czerniawski Robert , Domagała Józef
Published: June 2013

The aim of this study was to answer the following questions: (1) which environmental variables, biotic (fish predation) or abiotic factors, have a greater influence on the rate of zooplankton changes in lake outlet sections and (2) which plankters suffer the greatest reduction in the outlet section.

Samples were collected in two locations at each of 18 lakes. The first site was right at the outflow; the second site was 0.2 km downstream from the outflow. At downstream sites the percentage contribution of Rotifera in zooplankton species number and abundance was higher than in the outflow, whilst the percentage contribution of Cladocera and Copepoda (except nauplii) in the zooplankton species number and abundance was lower at downstream sites than in outlets. The most important variables affecting the rate of zooplankton reduction in the lake outlets are the biomass of cyprinids and hydrological parameters along the outlet, such as discharge, current velocity, and depth.

The most dramatic reductions involved daphnids, adult copepods, small cladocerans, and copepodites, while the reduction in the abundance of rotifers and nauplii was statistically insignificant.
Bioaccumulation of PBDE congener 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether by Heterosigma akashiwo in response to different nutrient concentrations
Authors: Ge Wei , Yin Xundong , Chai Chao , Zhang Jiao
Published: June 2013

Changes in the bioaccumulation of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) in the marine alga Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) were examined for different concentrations of nitrate (0, 128, and 512 μmol dm−3) and phosphate (0, 8, and 32 μmol dm−3) in the semi-continuous culture with 20% renewal rate. The BDE-47 content per cell and per culture, as well as the accumulated percentage of available BDE-47, presented a significant decreasing trend with the increase in nitrate and phosphate concentrations. The N-0 (4.0 × 10−6 ng cell−1) and P-0 (5.8 × 10−6 ng cell−1) treatments had significantly higher BDE-47 content per cell than other treatments. In comparison, the difference in BDE-47 per algal culture and accumulated percentage between the nitrate treatments or phosphate treatments was not as obvious as the BDE-47 content per cell. BDE-47 per cell presented significantly negative correlation with nitrate and phosphate concentrations, and the accumulated BDE-47 was in positive correlation with lipid content. log BAFlip for BDE-47 in H. akashiwo ranged from 6.70 to 7.25. The results of this study indicate that variation in BDE-47 accumulation by H. akashiwo corresponds to the change in cellular lipid content induced by different nitrate and phosphate concentrations.
Water thermal regimes in selected antropogenic resorvoirs in Western Pomerania
Authors: Kubiak Jacek , Machula Sylwia
Published: June 2013

Lake Szmaragdowe and Czarnogłowy Reservoir are both characterized by atypical origin as both were formed when quarries were flooded. The geological substrates of the two basins are unique, and they are both highly valued as recreational and tourist destinations. These two basins are among the most interesting in northwestern Poland. Studies of their thermal regimes confirmed that water mass mixing in Lake Szmaragdowe is bradymictic. The waters in the Czarnogłowy Reservoir mix entirely to a depth of 20 m, and this layer is also characterized by bradymixia. Deeper waters do not mix. This indicates that mixing in this basin is of the meromictic type.
Sedimentation of suspensions in the Vistula River mouth
Authors: Szymczak Ewa , Galińska Dorota
Published: June 2013

The aim of this study was to analyze the variability of the suspension concentration in the area where the Vistula River discharges into the Gulf of Gdańsk. While analyzing the relationship between suspension concentration and the distance from the river mouth and the spatial location in the water column, a number of other important factors were considered, i.e. salinity, temperature, the composition of suspension and in situ hydrodynamic conditions. The samples of surficial sediment were analyzed with regard to the content of organic matter and <0.063 mm size fraction.
Rolling Audit: Patient's Satistfaction for Services Provided in ENT Ward
Authors: Neupane Yogesh , Guragain RPS , Khallilullah S , Prakash S
Published: June 2013

Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 3 Issue 1 (Jan-June 2012) Page 17-20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njenthns.v3i1.8184
Split Ear Lobule Repair
Authors: Sinha BK
Published: June 2013

Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 3 Issue 1 (Jan-June 2012) Page 27-28 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njenthns.v3i1.8187
Microscopic Study on the Diameter of the Pineal Calcification of Bangladeshi Cadavers
Authors: Afroz Halima , Nurunnabi Abu Sadat Mohammad , Ara Shamim , Rahman Mushfika , Yesmin Tahamida , Ara Anjuman , Fatema Kanij , Nahar Nurun
Published: June 2013

Context: The human pineal gland is characterized by the presence of calcified concretions, called pineal acervuli or brain sand. These are basophilic extracellular bodies. The study was carried out to describe the microscopic features of pineal calcifications and to find out age related changes. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive type of study. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2009 to June 2010. Materials: 60 postmortem human pineal glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. Methods: The samples were divided into four different age groups, i.e. Group-A (15-30 years), Group-B (31-40 years), Group-C (41-50 years) and Group-D (>50 years). Histological study was carried out on relatively 27 fresh samples. Results: The mean diameter of the pineal calcifications were 351.14±111.69 ?m in group A, 600.00±232.69 ?m in group B, 909.43±124.18 ?m in group C and 1541.67±224.54 ?m in group D. The differences in diameter of the pineal calcifications between group A & C, A & D, B & C, B & D and C & D were statistically significant. Conclusion: Age related changes were found in the diameter of pineal calcifications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v9i2.15220 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy 2011 Vol.9(2) pp.71-74
Anthropometric Assessment of Nutritional Status of Bangladeshi Pregnant Women and Weight of their Newborns
Authors: Momen Md. Abdul , Yusuf Harun KM , Alam Md. Rafiqul
Published: June 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v9i2.15281 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy 2011 Vol.9(2) pp.101-105
Effect of Dietry Micronutrients on Body Insulin Status of Nonobese type 2 Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Sen Moushumi , Sultana Nasima , Ferdous Jannatul , Kabir Fahmida
Published: June 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v9i2.15284 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy 2011 Vol.9(2) pp.113-118
Non-invasive stool antigen test for screening of Helicobacter pylori infection and assessing efficacy of treatment in patients with peptic ulcer
Authors: Karim Rezina , Ahmed SM Moslehuddin , Begum Fahmida
Published: June 2013

Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common infections in humans, with an estimated 50% of the world population being infected.  The infection is strongly associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, adenocarcinoma and non-Hodgkins lymphoma of stomach. The prevalence of infection is high in developing countries, demanding a reliable diagnostic and treatment method. The present study was designed to investigate the monoclonal antibody-based H. Pylori stool antigen test to screen H. pylori infection and assess efficacy of treatment in patients with peptic ulcer. A total of 89 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from July 2007 to June 2008 at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh were included in the study. Endoscopic findings showed that out of 89 patients, 54 (60.7%) had duodenal ulcers, 24 (27%) had antral erosion and 5 (5.6%) had gastric ulcers. With RUT (rapid urease test) and histopathology of biopsy samples of 89 patients, 78 (87.6%) patients were found to be H. pylori positive. Stool antigen test was positive in 72 (92.3%) out of 78 H. pylori positive patients. The monoclonal stool antigen test (SAT) revealed 92.3% sensitivity and specificity of 100% before treatment. Among 52 follow-up patients (after treatment), 5 (9.6%) patients were detected positive by histology, RUT and stool antigen test, and 35 (67.3%) patients were negative by 3 tests. So the monoclonal SAT revealed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity after treatment. The monoclonal stool antigen test is highly sensitive and a specific tool for diagnosis of H. pylori infection before therapy and can assess the success of eradication after therapy. It also offers the advantage of specificity and reliability over the invasive test.  It is easy and quick to use, non-invasive and does not require any special technology.South East Asia J Public Health | Jan-June 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 1 | 28-33 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i1.15262
Effects of high altitude and nutritional status over the physical fitness of young Nepalese residing in Pokhara, Kaski district of western Nepal
Authors: Sengupta Pallav , Bhattacharya Koushik
Published: June 2013

Pokhara is situated over 5,577ft above sea level in The Kingdom of Nepal. Such high-hilly regions of Nepal contain only one-third as much oxygen as sea level air and in order to acclimatize to such environmental hypoxia, a series of metabolic and musculocardio-respiratory adaptations initiate that influence oxygen transport and utilization, which is necessary to achieve optimal physical performance at altitude. The health of people residing at such high altitude is determined not only by the environment but also by means of nutritional determinants. The present study was conducted to explicate the effect of high altitude environment with nutritional factors over physical fitness of young Nepalese of Pokhara. Twenty-five male young Nepalese were randomly selected from Pokhara, Nepal (mean age 21.6) and twenty-five sedentary college students of Kolkata, India (mean age 21.9) were taken as controls. Results showed a significant difference in BMI, body fat percentage, pre- and post-exercise BP, PFI, VO2max, energy expenditure and anaerobic power (P<0.05). Young adults of Nepal are also found to be deficient in protein, calcium and iron in their diet, describing their poor nutritional status. Together these data entail that the physical fitness of young adults of Nepal is under the influence of environmental factors as well as their nutritional status.South East Asia J Public Health | Jan-June 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 1 | 34-38 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i1.15263
Taking Rorty’s Irony Seriously
Authors: Inkpin Andrew
Published: June 2013

Richard Rorty’s Contingency, Irony and Solidarity (CIS) is an ambitious and provocative, but for many readers a deeply flawed work. This paper argues that many of its apparent flaws can be understood as integral to Rorty’s attempt to write a work of private, post-theoretical irony. The paper’s first section outlines the substantive theoretical claims about language, selfhood and community which Rorty proposes as an antiessentialist alternative to ‘metaphysics’. The second identifies three difficulties—residual dualism, conceptual problems with the public-private distinction, and the work’s self-referential consistency—which constitute serious, but obvious problems for those substantive claims. The third section argues that Rorty’s metaphilosophical discussion of ‘ironist theory’ suggests CIS should be read as a personal work of irony which eschews theoretical ambitions, showing how this is consistent with and provides a motive for accepting the presence of conspicuous difficulties. The final section considers how the work’s metaphilosophical views interact with its substantive theoretical claims. The work’s irony is interpreted as resulting from the tension between these, so as to coexist rather than conflict with Rorty’s enduring commitments to liberalism and pragmatism.
The Melatonergic System in Mood and Anxiety Disorders and the Role of Agomelatine: Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: De Berardis Domenico , Marini Stefano , Fornaro Michele , Srinivasan Venkataramanujam , Iasevoli Felice , Tomasetti Carmine , Valchera Alessandro , Perna Giampaolo , Quera-Salva Maria-Antonia , Martinotti Giovanni , Di Giannantonio Massimo
Published: June 2013

Melatonin exerts its actions through membrane MT1/MT2 melatonin receptors, which belong to the super family of G-protein-coupled receptors consisting of the typical seven transmembrane domains. MT1 and MT2 receptors are expressed in various tissues of the body either as single ones or together. A growing literature suggests that the melatonergic system may be involved in the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders. In fact, some core symptoms of depression show disturbance of the circadian rhythm in their clinical expression, such as diurnal mood and other symptomatic variation, or are closely linked to circadian system functioning, such as sleep-wake cycle alterations. In addition, alterations have been described in the circadian rhythms of several biological markers in depressed patients. Therefore, there is interest in developing antidepressants that have a chronobiotic effect (i.e., treatment of circadian rhythm disorders). As melatonin produces chronobiotic effects, efforts have been aimed at developing agomelatine, an antidepressant with melatonin agonist activity. The present paper reviews the role of the melatonergic system in the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders and the clinical characteristics of agomelatine. Implications of agomelatine in “real world” clinical practice will be also discussed.
Application of a Rapid and Efficient Quantitative Analysis Method for Traditional Chinese Medicines: The Case Study of Quality Assessment of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge
Authors: Jing Wen-Guang , Zhang Jun , Zhang Li-Yan , Wang Dong-Zhe , Wang Yue-Sheng , Liu An
Published: June 2013

A reference extractive, containing multiple active known compounds, has been considered to be an alternative to individual reference standards. However, in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) the great majority of reference extractives have been primarily used for qualitative identification by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and few studies on the applicability of reference extractives for quantitative analysis have been presented. Using Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge as an example in this paper, we first present a preliminary discussion on the feasibility and applicability of reference extractives for the quantitative analysis of TCMs. The reference extractive of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge, comprised of three pharmacological marker compounds, namely cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA, was prepared from purchased Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge by extraction with acetone under reflux, followed by silica gel column chromatography with stepwise elution with petroleum ether-ethyl acetate (25:1, v/v, 4.5 BV) to remove the non-target components and chloroform-methanol (10:1, v/v; 3 BV) to yield a crude reference extractive solution. After concentration, the solution was further purified by preparative reversed-phase HPLC on a C18 column with isocratic elution with 77% methanol aqueous solution to yield the total reference extractive of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge. Thereafter, the reference extractive was applied to the quality assessment of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with diode array detection (DAD). The validation of the method, including linearity, sensitivity, repeatability, stability and recovery testing, indicated that this method was valid, reliable and sensitive, with good reproducibility. The developed method was successfully applied to quantify seven batches of samples collected from different regions in China and the results were also similar to those obtained using reference standards, with relative standard deviation (RSD) <3%. Preparation of a reference extractive of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge was significantly less expensive and time consuming than preparation of a corresponding reference standard. Quantitative analysis using a reference extractive was shown to be simple, low-cost, time-saving and practical, with high sensitivity and good stability; and is, therefore, a strong alternative to the use of reference standards.
Novel Biological Activities of Allosamidins
Authors: Sakuda Shohei , Inoue Hiromasa , Nagasawa Hiromichi
Published: June 2013

Allosamidins, which are secondary metabolites of the Streptomyces species, have chitin-mimic pseudotrisaccharide structures. They bind to catalytic centers of all family 18 chitinases and inhibit their enzymatic activity. Allosamidins have been used as chitinase inhibitors to investigate the physiological roles of chitinases in a variety of organisms. Two prominent biological activities of allosamidins were discovered, where one has anti-asthmatic activity in mammals, while the other has the chitinase-production- promoting activity in allosamidin-producing Streptomyces. In this article, recent studies on the novel biological activities of allosamidins are reviewed.
Development of a Control System for the Teat-End Vacuum in Individual Quarter Milking Systems
Authors: Ströbel Ulrich , Rose-Meierhöfer Sandra , Öz Hülya , Brunsch Reiner
Published: June 2013

Progress in sensor technique and electronics has led to a decrease in the costs of electronic and sensor components. In modern dairy farms, having udders in good condition, a lower frequency of udder disease and an extended service life of dairy cows will help ensure competitiveness. The objective of this study was to develop a teat-end vacuum control system with individual quarter actor reaction. Based on a review of the literature, this system is assumed to protect the teat tissue. It reduces the mean teat-end vacuum in the maximum vacuum phase (b) to a level of 20 kPa at a flow rate of 0.25 L/min per quarter. At flow rates higher than 1.50 L/min per quarter, the teat-end vacuum can be controlled to a level of 30 kPa, because in this case it is desirable to have a higher vacuum for the transportation of the milk to the receiver. With this system it is possible for the first time to supply the teat end with low vacuum at low flow rates and with higher vacuum at increasing flow rates in a continuous process with a three second reaction-rate on individual quarter level. This system is completely automated.
Quantifying the Relative Contributions of Forest Change and Climatic Variability to Hydrology in Large Watersheds: A Critical Review of Research Methods
Authors: Wei Xiaohua , Liu Wenfei , Zhou Peicong
Published: June 2013

Forest change and climatic variability are two major drivers for influencing change in watershed hydrology in forest–dominated watersheds. Quantifying their relative contributions is important to fully understand their individual effects. This review paper summarizes the progress on quantifying the relative contributions of forest or land cover change and climatic variability to hydrology in large watersheds using available case studies. It compared pros and cons of various research methods, identified research challenges and proposed future research priorities. Our synthesis shows that the relative hydrological effects of forest changes and climatic variability are largely dependent on their own change magnitudes and watershed characteristics. In some severely disturbed watersheds, impacts of forest changes or land use changes can be as important as those from climatic variability. This paper provides a brief review on eight selected research methods for this type of research. Because each method or technique has its own strengths and weaknesses, combining two or more methods is a more robust approach than using any single method alone. Future research priorities include conducting more case studies, refining research methods, and considering mechanism-based research using landscape ecology and geochemistry approaches.
La Chine en Afrique : une présence limitée et une puissance contrariée
Authors: Lafargue François
Published: June 2013

La Chine est devenue depuis le début du XXIe siècle, un acteur économique de premier plan en Afrique, intéressé par les gisements de matières premières et d’hydrocarbures et soucieux de nouer avec l’Afrique un fructueux partenariat politique, lui assurant ainsi une plus forte influence au sein de la communauté internationale. La présence de la République populaire de Chine (RPC) ne cesse de susciter des commentaires et des analyses souvent peu flatteuses et les arguments ne manquent pas pour en dénoncer les conséquences négatives. Pourtant, une analyse minutieuse de la situation révèle une réalité sensiblement différente. Si la progression de l’influence de la Chine en Afrique est indéniable, les intérêts économiques chinois sur le continent noir restent cependant encore limités.
Fungal symbionts alter plant responses to global change
Authors: Kivlin Stephanie N. , Emery Sarah M. , Rudgers Jennifer A.
Published: June 2013

While direct plant responses to global change have been well characterized, indirect plant responses to global change, via altered species interactions, have received less attention. Here, we examined how plants associated with four classes of fungal symbionts (class I leaf endophytes [EF], arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [AMF], ectomycorrhizal fungi [ECM], and dark septate endophytes [DSE]) responded to four global change factors (enriched CO2, drought, N deposition, and warming). We performed a meta‐analysis of 434 studies spanning 174 publications to search for generalizable trends in responses of plant–fungal symbioses to future environments. Specifically, we addressed the following questions: (1) Can fungal symbionts ameliorate responses of plants to global change? (2) Do fungal symbiont groups differ in the degree to which they modify plant response to global change? (3) Do particular global change factors affect plant–fungal symbioses more than others? In all global change scenarios, except elevated CO2, fungal symbionts significantly altered plant responses to global change. In most cases, fungal symbionts increased plant biomass in response to global change. However, increased N deposition reduced the benefits of symbiosis. Of the global change factors we considered, drought and N deposition resulted in the strongest fungal mediation of plant responses. Our analysis highlighted gaps in current knowledge for responses of particular fungal groups and revealed the importance of considering not only the nonadditive effects of multiple global change factors, but also the interactive effects of multiple fungal symbioses. Our results show that considering plant–fungal symbioses is critical to predicting ecosystem response to global change.
Biographies individuelles et actions collectives : le militantisme féminin dans une vallée sidérurgique lorraine
Authors: Vinel Virginie
Published: June 2013

Dans les années 1950 à 1970, les mouvements populaires familiaux et de la jeunesse ouvrière chrétienne féminine ont été des moyens par lesquels des femmes de la vallée sidérurgique de la Fensch, souvent peu dotées scolairement, se sont mises en action collectivement et individuellement. Bien qu’ancrés dans la complémentarité des rôles de genre, ces engagements ont permis l’émergence d’une voix féminine dans ce bastion masculin et ont conduit certaines d’entre elles sur les voies de la politisation. L’article explore ainsi les parcours biographiques singuliers de ces femmes qui ont impulsé une dynamique aux rapports de genre privés et publics de cette région.
Genre, surmoi et interpellation. À propos de Tomboy de Céline Sciamma
Authors: Morel Geneviève
Published: June 2013

La psychanalyse permet de critiquer la notion de « genre » comme un système de classifications et d’identifications à portée normative, qui peut être situé dans le cadre du « Surmoi culturel » d’une époque, concept introduit par Freud en 1930, et qu’on peut relire comme une théorie freudienne de l’idéologie. Grâce à l’analyse du film Tomboy, de Céline Sciamma (2011), nous montrons qu’une analyse en termes d’idéologie, telle que l’a introduite Althusser, est insuffisante à rendre compte des changements subjectifs, si on ne prend pas en compte un second niveau, celui de l’acte et de ses causes inconscientes et fantasmatiques.
Nulla dies sine linea
Authors: Bessy Claude , Pagliero Ludmila , Chaffel Boris , Vermont Élodie
Published: June 2013

Questionnant l’identification du spectateur au danseur d’exception, et l’effet d’allègement de la pesanteur du corps et de l’angoisse ainsi permis, la rencontre avec deux grandes artistes, Claude Bessy (ancienne étoile et directrice de l’école de danse de l’Opéra de Paris) et Ludmila Pagliero (danseuse étoile), nous permet de comprendre ce qui pousse les jeunes danseurs à se donner, dès l’enfance, une discipline si rigoureuse, autant que ce qui autorisera leur réussite : un plaisir du mouvement et un désir du geste, au-delà du poids de la contrainte et de l’idéal.
Pas touche au Surmoi ! Le Surmoi adolescent « Entre les murs »
Authors: Flame Éric
Published: June 2013

Entre les murs d’une salle de classe sont repérés les processus d’individuation des adolescents dans un groupe. Le film éponyme de Laurent Cantet montre, dans l’espace qui se construit entre enseignant et élèves, l’émergence de forces pulsionnelles antagonistes et les tensions ainsi créées. Le Surmoi se constitue comme le garant de deux héritages culturels : institutionnel et familial. La confrontation qui en résulte génère différentes formes de résistance dont les deux pôles sont la passivation et le passage à l’acte. L’auteur étudie la fonction de l’insulte et la honte qu’elle recouvre. Dans ce contexte, l’enseignement passe par la perte des idéaux et l’abandon d’une position de pouvoir tout en maintenant une césure générationnelle structurante.
Cet espace ouvert par le juge des enfants
Authors: Boccara Claudette
Published: June 2013

L’auteur situe le travail du juge des enfants comme remplissant une fonction pédagogique : il s’agit, en préservant l’espace et le statut de l’enfant devant la menace ou le risque, d’amener par la loi sociale un jeune à élaborer ses propres limites et à s’inscrire dans le collectif. Le juge est alors non pas relais du Surmoi censeur et qui sanctionne, mais garant d’une loi symbolique qui s’inscrit dans un processus éducatif qu’il est censé garantir.
Pour une problématique de la sanction
Authors: Escolano Frédéric
Published: June 2013

Dans les établissements d’éducation spécialisée (mais la chose se vérifie aussi bien ailleurs) se multiplient aujourd’hui les appels à sanctionner certains agissements des jeunes qui y sont accueillis, agissements devant lesquels les personnels d’éducation apparaissent de plus en plus démunis. Pour autant, cette sanction invoquée avec insistance, et communément assimilée à une punition ou à une rétorsion, ne semble pas devoir faire l’objet du moindre questionnement. Sait-on seulement ce que cela veut dire ? Ce que cela implique ? Ce que cela engage ?
Le Surmoi, un législateur ? Rousseau, Kelsen et Freud
Authors: Terquem Sarah
Published: June 2013

Quelles ont été les étapes de la transformation du concept de « Surmoi » s’il dut se distinguer des philosophies de la « conscience morale » ? Deux confrontations philosophiques portant sur les origines de cette instance pour Freud permettront d’en suivre la genèse et la fabrication : la philosophie morale de Rousseau et l’idée d’éducation négative au profit de la naissance du sentiment de moralité, tremplin à l’impératif catégorique kantien présent dès Totem et tabou (1913), et la doctrine juridique du théoricien du droit H. Kelsen autour de sa rencontre avec Freud (1922). Après l’introduction du meurtre et du refoulement originaires, de la dualité de la pulsion, et du processus d’identification issu du conflit des instances psychiques, c’est l’idée de norme fondamentale du droit comme contrainte apportée par Kelsen qui produira un affinage du concept de Surmoi autour de la question de l’origine de cette instance dans ses rapports avec le meurtre originaire et l’interdit, et de sa fonction contraignante synthétisée par la culpabilité et la répétition et dont en bout de course, l’homme Moïse (1939) pourrait être la figure princeps parabolique d’un Surmoi législateur, à l’origine toujours actualisée de la construction de l’individu et du groupe.
La culture européenne vue du Portugal
Authors: Lourenço Eduardo , de Oliveira Martins Guilherme , Fatela Joao
Published: June 2013

Pendant longtemps, le Portugal a été très influencé par la culture française, sans que la France se soucie vraiment du Portugal. Aujourd’hui, l’asymétrie s’estompe, du fait de l’hégémonie de la culture anglo-saxonne, de la présence portugaise en France et de l’appartenance des deux pays à l’Europe. Eduardo Lourenço revient sur ces échos, et sur son œuvre, de Montaigne à Pessoa.
L'Amérique vue de l'océan
Authors: Béja Alice
Published: June 2013

La « Frontière » de l’Ouest américain est en réalité un avatar de la première « frontière », celle de l’océan Atlantique, franchie par les Pères pèlerins au xvii e siècle. La mer participe largement à la construction de l’identité et de la mythologie nationales des États-Unis ; l’imaginaire de la conquête (les corsaires de la guerre d’indépendance), l’esprit d’entreprise (industrie baleinière) y sont associés, en oubliant parfois trop facilement ceux qui sont à fond de cale du rêve américain, notamment les esclaves africains.
Continuités institutionnelles et ruptures idéologiques : une élection en trompe l'œil
Authors: Michelot Vincent
Published: June 2013

En apparence, les résultats des élections de 2012 aux États-Unis ne changent rien aux équilibres fondamentaux du politique : même président, mêmes majorités opposées dans les deux chambres du Congrès, même équilibre idéologique à la Cour suprême, même rapport de forces partisan dans les États et donc dans le fédéralisme. Pourtant, d’importantes transformations se sont amorcées qui indiquent que les filtres institutionnels – tels le découpage électoral – ont joué un rôle majeur dans la traduction du vote populaire en dynamiques de gouvernance. De fait, tout dans le nouveau rapport de forces institutionnel indique que le second mandat de Barack Obama sera celui d’une présidence de la régulation dans laquelle le cordon ombilical ira du Sénat à la Maison-Blanche, avec l’hypothèse inquiétante d’un Parti républicain qui joue sur les années 2013-2014 son avenir en tant que parti de gouvernement.
14/44, le piège
Authors: Ratte Philippe
Published: June 2013

Va-t-on fusionner les deux commémorations ? Faut-il encore célébrer batailles, victoires et justes causes ? Ou plutôt déplorer les dizaines de millions de victimes de ces événements ? Plaidoyer pour l’idéal démocratique de dignité, d’égalité et de respect de la personne humaine : une réplique de l’universel à la totalité.
Le roman, sanctuaire du moi
Authors: Cerquiglini Blanche
Published: June 2013

À l’ère numérique, le moi s’éclate dans l’espace dispersé et le temps haché des réseaux sociaux. Alors, pourquoi cette forme archaïque qu’est le roman continue-t-elle d’imposer son unité close à l’écriture de soi ? Qu’apporte-t-elle qu’Internet n’offre pas ?
Saint-Florent : la visite-à-Gracq
Authors: Debray Régis
Published: June 2013

La visite au grand écrivain en France constitue une figure canonique de la transmission culturelle. Aussi la visite-à-Gracq est-elle devenue un genre littéraire en soi. Retour sur un lieu, une maison et un homme.
Les animateurs entre précarité, militantisme et gestion politique des quartiers
Authors: Lebon Francis
Published: June 2013

L’animation socioculturelle caractérise des métiers de l’État social situés entre « vocation » et « profession ». Avec la crise, son centre de gravité s’est déplacé du « culturel » vers le « social ». Justifiée par des formes d’engagement (éducation populaire, etc.), la dynamique des emplois « occasionnels », conjuguée à la progression du nombre d’animatrices « périscolaires », a profondément renouvelé et précarisé la main-d’œuvre. L’animation illustre les multiples visages de l’insécurité sociale avec un masque à deux faces : d’une part du militantisme et des formes d’engagement pour autrui, d’autre part des formes d’activités en deçà (au-delà ?) de l’emploi.
Responsabilisation et dévoilement : le rôle d'un programme pour hommes auteurs de violences au sein du couple
Authors: Lorenz Susanne , Bigler Philippe
Published: June 2013

Les violences au sein du couple requièrent des mesures sur différents niveaux, dont l’aide aux victimes et auteurs. Cet article se propose d’analyser le discours de 14 hommes ayant participé à un programme pour auteurs. Les résultats montrent que ces derniers viennent de tous les horizons socioculturels et sont pour la plupart engagés dans une relation durable. Au fil des séances, ils précisent les actes perpétrés et une responsabilité dans la prévention de la récidive. La participation à un programme spécialisé facilite le dévoilement et la responsabilisation, deux compétences clés pour cesser durablement les violences.
Rousseau lecteur du Politique de Platon
Authors: El Murr Dimitri
Published: June 2013

Rousseau fait allusion deux fois dans le Contrat Social au Politique de Platon. Ces allusions, pour peu qu’on examine leurs différences d’une version à l’autre du Contrat Social et leur contexte d’apparition dans chacune de ces versions, révèlent que Rousseau a non seulement bien lu le Politique et compris ses enjeux mais qu’il a fait un usage positif de ce dialogue, ainsi que des Lois , pour élaborer la figure de son Législateur. L’appendice regroupe l’ensemble des marques et annotations que Rousseau a portées sur son exemplaire de Platon qu’il lisait en latin dans la traduction de Ficin, revue par Grynaeus.
Le Platon libéral de Victor Cousin
Authors: Narcy Michel
Published: June 2013

La première traduction française intégrale du corpus platonicien fut publiée, de 1822 à 1840, par Victor Cousin. En s’appuyant à la fois sur l’ordre dans lequel furent publiés les dialogues et sur la comparaison entre les cours de Cousin et les arguments qu’il rédigea pour les dialogues publiés de 1822 à 1831, l’article cherche à démontrer le lien entre cette publication et les circonstances où s’est trouvé Cousin durant ce laps de temps, passant du statut d’opposant à des positions de pouvoir, mais sans jamais renier ses convictions forgées au contact de Royer-Collard et des doctrinaires.
Sauver Platon de ses ennemis... et de lui-même
Authors: Maiatsky Michail
Published: June 2013

La question de la « réhabilitation » de Platon en Allemagne, après 12 ans de régime nazi marqué par des usages abusifs de la philosophie platonicienne a été compliquée par l’intervention de K. Popper. Le premier volume de son œuvre La société ouverte et ses ennemis intitulé L’enchantement de Platon , du fait de la lecture totalitaire de Platon qu’il défend, a étrangement corroboré l’exégèse nazie. Plusieurs critiques ont accusé Popper de ne pas tenir compte du caractère utopique de la politeia , d’en ignorer le potentiel démocratique, de lire Platon littéralement, ou encore d’ignorer la charge contre le libéralisme contenue dans sa philosophie. Mais, sans passer par Popper, certains ont également tenté de sauver l’image d’un Platon humaniste, tandis que certains auteurs nazis ont continué de défendre leurs interprétations.
Le catholicisme social et la politique
Authors: Rolland Patrice
Published: June 2013

La correspondance de Maurice Deslandres avec Maurice Blondel livre les interrogations politiques d’un catholique social avant 1914. Deslandres, fondateur et pilier des Semaines sociales , y exprime son refus de l’engagement politique à l’occasion de sa rupture avec le Sillon, refus confirmé dans les mêmes termes au cardinal Gasparri en 1927 à propos de l’Action Française. La position de Deslandres permet de saisir les justifications d’un catholicisme social soucieux d’un civisme qui écarte encore l’engagement politique proprement dit.
Transformation of Folk Dances in Presentations for “Others”. Three Circle Dances from Bela krajina
Authors: Kunej Rebeka
Published: June 2013

Ko so nosilci tradicije opustili izvajalsko plesno prakso »zase« in se organizirali v plesno-folklorne skupine, se je ljudski ples vse bolj spreminjal v »ples za druge«, največkrat na odru. Spremenjen kontekst ljudskega plesa je povratno vplival tudi na ples sam, saj se je ljudski ples na odru moral podrediti zahtevam javnega uprizarjanja in scenskega izvajanja. Avtorica v prispevku analizira koreološke transformacije treh belokranjskih kol (Pobelelo kole, Lepa Anka in svatsko kolo), kakor so nastale v odrskih izvedbah belokranjskih folklornih skupin.
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No longer dancing for their own pleasure, dancers of traditional dances are now organized in folk dance groups. The character of traditional dances has been transformed to fit the “others”, meaning the spectators, who usually watch dances performed on stage. This modified context has in turn affected the dance itself. In the changed circumstances, dances performed onstage have to be adapted to meet the requirements of stage performance for the public. Analyzed are choreological transformations of three circle dances from Bela krajina (Pobelelo pole, Lepa Anka, and svatsko kolo), performed by folk dance groups of Bela krajina.
Europe, the (Un)Capturable. Introduction
Authors: Vivod Maria
Published: June 2013

The author deals with several basic metaphors of Europe, especially its mythological background, in which the masculine (i.e., the West) encounters the feminine (i.e., the East). She continues by discussing the thoughts of a number of authors (Karen Denni, Nicoletta Diasio, László Kürti, Mladena Prelić, Donatella Cozzi, and Tatiana Bajuk Senčar) in the volume.
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Avtorica obravnava nekatere osnovne metafore Evrope – predvsem njeno mitološko ozadje v katerem, se srečujeta njen moški (zahodni) in ženski (vzhodni) del. V drugem delu tematizira misli nekaterih avtorjev (Karen Denni, Nicoletta Diasio, László Kürti, Mladena Prelić, Donatella Cozzi, and Tatiana Bajuk Senčar) v publikaciji.
Europe and Its Scholarly Communities
Authors: Wolfe Thomas
Published: June 2013

The essay explores the idea that we think of works of scholarship as documents marking belonging to communities, rather than as the texts of a socially ungrounded science. It uses examples from social scientific works that study contemporary European construction to suggest the importance of incorporating into one's view apparently contradictory viewpoints.
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Prispevek obravnava premiso, da znanstvene študije obravnavamo kot besedila, ki izražajo pripadnost določenemu strokovnemu krogu oziroma znanstveni skupnosti in ne kot tekste, ki so produkt družbeno nevtralne znanosti. Na osnovi primerov iz družboslovja, ki obravnavajo ustroj sodobne Evrope, avtor ugotavlja, kako pomembno je, da znanstveniki v svoj pogled na predmet obravnave vključijo tudi povsem protislovna si stališča.
Embodying Borders and Performing Conflicting Identities in Some Polish Family Narratives
Authors: Diasio Nicoletta
Published: June 2013

The article presents an anthropological research on family narratives on memory and identities in Warsaw, as they are made in social bodily practices. Questioning the social construction of family resemblances, it points out the changing idea of “Polishness”, the role of women’s activities and feminine blood in transmitting this belonging, but also a long-lasting imaginary, sustained by family memory, relating to a multilingual and multicultural Poland. Thus, the body is the support of performing plural identities between naturalization and historicization.
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Članek predstavlja antropološko raziskavo družinskih pripovedi o spominih in identiteti v Varšavi, kakor se oblikujejo v socialnih telesnih praksah. Ob prepraševanju družbene konstrukcije družinskih podobnosti kaže na spremenljivo zamisel o “poljskosti”, o vlogi ženskih aktivnosti in ženskega sorodstva pri posredovanju pripadnosti, pa tudi o dolgotrajnem imaginariju, ki ga podpira družinski spomin, povezan z večjezično in večkulturno Poljsko. Tako telo podpira uprizarjanje pluralnih identitet med naturalizacijo in zgodovinjenjem.
The Politics of Otherness. Stereotypes in Hungarian Media
Authors: Kürti László
Published: June 2013

This analysis explores the dynamics of media cultures of Hungary which joined the EU in 2004. The problem of media presentation of minority images arises when media producers intend programs to produce certain effects and, in actuality, these shows produce other effects. This problem is most acute with respect to stereotypical majority images of the Gypsy/Roma minority.
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Analiza razkriva dinamiko medijske kulture na Madžarskem, ki se je Evropski uniji pridružila leta 2004. Do problemov pri medijskih predstavitvah podob manjšin pride, ko ustvarjalci občil oddaje namenijo določenim učinkom, dejansko pa oddaje ustvarijo drugačne učinke. Ta problem je najhujši ob stereotipnih podobah, ki jih ima večina o ciganski/romski manjšini.
Análisis de dos escaleras suspendidas de Arne Jacobsen
Authors: Samper A. , Herrera B.
Published: June 2013

En este trabajo analizamos dos escaleras suspendidas de la misma tipología estructural diseñadas por Arne Jacobsen: la escalera del Ayuntamiento de Rodovre y la escalera del Banco Nacional de Dinamarca. Ambas son parte primordial del vestíbulo principal de acceso en los edificios. Diseñadas con siete años de diferencia, presentan progreso técnico y estructural, manteniendo las mismas reglas de ordenación dentro del proyecto. Mostramos aquello que les da sentido y forma: expresión, función, técnica, posición, relación con otros elementos y sistema constructivo.
A partir de la escasa documentación original obtenida, elaboramos y presentamos nueva documentación con la que se pueden destacar los diferentes elementos. Con este trabajo, cualquier interesado en estas escaleras puede obtener todos los datos sobre ellas; datos que por diferentes motivos no se encontraban a disposición pública, hasta el presente artículo. Así, ponemos al alcance público otra fuente de ideas sobre la técnica y filosofía de Jacobsen.
Obtención de modelos urbanos tridimensionales
Authors: Rodríguez R. , Álvarez M. , Miranda M. , Díez A. , Papí F. , Rodríguez P.
Published: June 2013

El uso de modelos urbanos 3D se extiende cada vez a una mayor diversidad de áreas y aplicaciones, pero su utilización como una herramienta habitual dentro del proceso de realización del proyecto arquitectónico y urbanístico se ve limitada por la lentitud de los procesos de generación de los modelos y el alto coste de realización y mantenimiento de los mismos. Su uso, si el alcance del proyecto lo permite, suele estar encuadrado en propósitos de visualización en la etapa final.
Los autores de este trabajo han desarrollado una metodología para la automatización del proceso de generación de estos modelos de ciudad, que reduce tiempos y costes, y que permitirá una mayor generalización de su uso.
Expansión del modelo IFC con sensores estructurales
Authors: Rio J. , Ferreira B. , Poças-Martins J.
Published: June 2013

La instrumentación y monitorización de la salud estructural de edificios, SHM, es un campo creciente en la industria de la construcción. El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar la modelación de sistemas SHM tomados de edificios en un modelo digital BIM e la sua integración de datos. Estos modelos deben almacenarse en bases de datos con una estructura apropiada para albergar información específica relacionada con la construcción. En este trabajo se utilizó el estándar Industry Foundation Classes, IFC.
Se presenta un estudio de caso para evaluar la norma IFC como herramienta para modelar un edificio real instrumentado, así como algunos sensores estruturales e sus resultados. La inter-operatividad de lo modelo digital se ha comprobado mediante el uso de diferentes herramientas de software de modelación, visualización y análisis. Se exploran además limitaciones del modelo IFC y se proponen extensiones de las clases de sensores.
Transmisión de cargas entre forjados y puntales en un edificio de forjado reticular de casetón perdido utilizando clareado
Authors: Gasch I. , Alvarado Y. A. , Calderón P. A. , Torres B.
Published: June 2013

En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados de la instrumentación llevada a cabo durante la construcción de un edificio de viviendas resuelto con forjados reticulares de casetón perdido situado en Sabadell (España), en el que se ha empleado un proceso de cimbrado, clareado, descimbrado (CCD). Se han registrado las cargas debidas a las operaciones constructivas de CCD en puntales de los seis primeros forjados. Dichos registros han permitido analizar la transmisión de cargas entre forjados y puntales durante la construcción de este edificio, teniendo un proceso de CCD. El análisis de las medidas experimentales ha permitido concluir que la transmisión de cargas entre forjados y puntales difiere según las condiciones de contorno del vano estudiado. Asimismo, se han comparado las medidas experimentales con diversos métodos simplificados que permiten simular la operación del clareado, obteniendo que el método que mejor se ajusta es el Nuevo Procedimiento Simplificado.
Edge Classification Based DCT Coefficients Reorganization for Wyner-Ziv Distributed Video Coding
Authors: Hu Xiao Fei , Zhu Xiu Chang
Published: June 2013

Distributed video coding (DVC) is a novel video coding paradigm. One approach to DVC is Wyner-Ziv distributed video coding. Quantization step (QS) is one of the most important factors deciding encoder’s coding efficiency. In this paper, an edge classification based Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients reorganization method was proposed. The block was first classified into horizontal-edge block, vertical-edge block and other block. Then different scanning order was applied to each class of blocks. In this way, larger coefficients might be grouped together and QS for Alternating Current (AC) coefficients might be reduced. Experimental results show that compared with DISCOVER’s method, the proposed method makes PSNR of reconstructed image increase about 0.5dB at high bit rate.
Radial Basis Neural Network with Gabor Wavelet Transform for Face Recognition
Authors: Yang Guo Wei , Cao Wen Yi , Xu Feng Chang
Published: June 2013

At first, in the paper, through the preprocessing of face image by the histogram equalization, enhance the image contrast. Then this paper uses Gabor wavelet transform, by choosing different size and direction to facial features extraction and Principal Component Analysis method for dimension reduction. Finally, input the face feature into the Radial Basis Function neural network for identification. Based on RBF neural network is trained and weights optimization, the efficiency of identification had been improved.
RCS Simulation of Dihedral Corner Reflector Based FEKO
Authors: Zhao Jun Juan , Yin Jin Yuan , Li Cheng Fan
Published: June 2013

CR-InSAR is developing continuously in recent years. It is an important technology in the field of monitoring crustal micro-deformation. Radar cross section of corner reflector is an important work foundation because only radar cross section of artificial corner reflector achieves maximum, it is easier to recognize it from SAR image and increase monitoring accuracy. Dihedral corner reflector is the simplest type in proving ground of Northwest of Beijing; its RCS research is a beneficial attempt helping to build up reasonable corner reflector layout. In the paper, establishing geometric model and subdivision model of dihedral corner reflector are based on FEKO software, and choosing physical optics to simulate RCS. The simulation result is good consistency with theoretical max value. Through analyzing RCS curve, it can help to provide guidance on how to set up corner reflector in the proving ground.