bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anomaly Detection in Railway Sensor Data Environments: State-of-the-Art Methods and Empirical Performance Evaluation
Authors: Bałdyga Michał , Barański Kacper , Belter Jakub , Kalinowski Mateusz , Weichbroth Paweł
Published: April 2024

To date, significant progress has been made in the field of railway anomaly detection using technologies such as real-time data analytics, the Internet of Things, and machine learning. As technology continues to evolve, the ability to detect and respond to anomalies in railway systems is once again in the spotlight. However, railway anomaly detection faces challenges related to the vast infrastructure, dynamic conditions, aging infrastructure, and adverse environmental conditions on the one hand, and the scale, complexity, and critical safety implications of railway systems on the other. Our study is underpinned by the three objectives. Specifically, we aim to identify time series anomaly detection methods applied to railway sensor device data, recognize the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, and evaluate their effectiveness. To address the research objectives, the first part of the study involved a systematic literature review and a series of controlled experiments. In the case of the former, we adopted well-established guidelines to structure and visualize the review. In the second part, we investigated the effectiveness of selected machine learning methods. To evaluate the predictive performance of each method, a five-fold cross-validation approach was applied to ensure the highest accuracy and generality. Based on the calculated accuracy, the results show that the top three methods are CatBoost (96%), Random Forest (91%), and XGBoost (90%), whereas the lowest accuracy is observed for One-Class Support Vector Machines (48%), Local Outlier Factor (53%), and Isolation Forest (55%). As the industry moves toward a zero-defect paradigm on a global scale, ongoing research efforts are focused on improving existing methods and developing new ones that contribute to the safety and quality of rail transportation. In this sense, there are at least four avenues for future research worth considering: testing richer data sets, hyperparameter optimization, and implementing other methods not included in the current study.
Analysis and Prediction of Urban Surface Transformation Based on Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar and Sparrow Search Algorithm–Convolutional Neural Network–Long Short-Term Memory Model
Authors: Chen Yuejuan , Du Siai , Huang Pingping , Ren Huifang , Yin Bo , Qi Yaolong , Ding Cong , Xu Wei
Published: April 2024

With the acceleration of urbanisation, urban areas are subject to the combined effects of the accumulation of various natural factors, such as changes in temperature leading to the thermal expansion or contraction of surface materials (rock, soil, etc.) and changes in precipitation and humidity leading to an increase in the self-weight of soil due to the infiltration of water along the cracks or pores in the ground. Therefore, the subsidence of urban areas has now become a serious geological disaster phenomenon. However, the use of traditional neural network prediction models has limitations when examining the causal relationships between time series surface deformation data and multiple influencing factors and when applying multiple influencing factors for predictive analyses. To this end, Sentinel-1A data from March 2017 to February 2023 were used as the data source in this paper, based on time series deformation data acquired using the small baseline subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SBAS-InSAR) technique. A sparrow search algorithm–convolutional neural network–long short-term memory (SSA-CNN-LSTM) neural network prediction model was built. The six factors of temperature, humidity, precipitation, and ground temperature at three different depths below the surface (5 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm) were taken as the input of the model, and the surface deformation data were taken as the output of the neural network model. The correlation between the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the ground subsidence in urban areas and various influencing factors was analysed using grey correlation analysis, which proved that these six factors contribute to some extent to the deformation of the urban surface. The main urban area of Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, was used as the study area. In order to verify the efficacy of this neural network prediction model, the prediction effects of the multilayer perceptron (MLP), backpropagation (BP), and SSA-CNN-LSTM models were compared and analysed, with the values of the correlation coefficients of the feature points of A1, B1, and C1 being in the range of 0.92, 0.83, and 0.93, respectively. The results show that compared with the traditional MLP and BP neural network models, the SSA-CNN-LSTM model achieves a higher performance in predicting time series surface deformation data in urban areas, which provides new ideas and methods for this area of research.
Characterization of Running Intensity in Canadian Football Based on Tactical Position
Authors: Zafar Abdullah , Guay Samuel , Vinet Sophie-Andrée , Apinis-Deshaies Amélie , Creniault Raphaëlle , Martens Géraldine , Prince François , De Beaumont Louis
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to use a data-driven approach to identify individualized speed thresholds to characterize running demands and athlete workload during games and practices in skill and linemen football players. Data were recorded from wearable sensors over 28 sessions from 30 male Canadian varsity football athletes, resulting in a total of 287 performances analyzed, including 137 games and 150 practices, using a global positioning system. Speed zones were identified for each performance by fitting a 5-dimensional Gaussian mixture model (GMM) corresponding to 5 running intensity zones from minimal (zone 1) to maximal (zone 5). Skill players had significantly higher (p < 0.001) speed thresholds, percentage of time spent, and distance covered in maximal intensity zones compared to linemen. The distance covered in game settings was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to practices. This study highlighted the use of individualized speed thresholds to determine running intensity and athlete workloads for American and Canadian football athletes, as well as compare running performances between practice and game scenarios. This approach can be used to monitor physical workload in athletes with respect to their tactical positions during practices and games, and to ensure that athletes are adequately trained to meet in-game physical demands.
A gm/ID-Based Low-Power LNA for Ka-Band Applications
Authors: Galante-Sempere David , Torres-Clarke Jeffrey , del Pino Javier , Khemchandani Sunil Lalchand
Published: April 2024

This article presents the design of a low-power low noise amplifier (LNA) implemented in 45 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology using the gm/ID methodology. The Ka-band LNA achieves a very low power consumption of only 1.98 mW andis the first time the gm/ID approach is applied at such a high frequency. The circuit is suitable for Ka-band applications with a central frequency of 28 GHz, as the circuit is intended to operate in the n257 frequency band defined by the 3GPP 5G new radio (NR) specification. The proposed cascode LNA uses the gm/ID methodology in an RF/MW scenario to exploit the advantages of moderate inversion region operation. The circuit occupies a total area of 1.23 mm2 excluding pads and draws 1.98 mW from a DC supply of 0.9 V. Post-layout simulation results reveal a total gain of 11.4 dB, a noise figure (NF) of 3.8 dB, and an input return loss (IRL) better than 12 dB. Compared to conventional circuits, this design obtains a remarkable figure of merit (FoM) as the LNA reports a gain and NF in line with other approaches with very low power consumption.
Smart Sensors and Smart Data for Precision Agriculture: A Review
Authors: Soussi Abdellatif , Zero Enrico , Sacile Roberto , Trinchero Daniele , Fossa Marco
Published: April 2024

Precision agriculture, driven by the convergence of smart sensors and advanced technologies, has emerged as a transformative force in modern farming practices. The present review synthesizes insights from a multitude of research papers, exploring the dynamic landscape of precision agriculture. The main focus is on the integration of smart sensors, coupled with technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). This analysis is set in the context of optimizing crop management, using resources wisely, and promoting sustainability in the agricultural sector. This review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of emerging trends and key developments in the field of precision agriculture. By highlighting the benefits of integrating smart sensors and innovative technologies, it aspires to enlighten farming practitioners, researchers, and policymakers on best practices, current challenges, and prospects. It aims to foster a transition towards more sustainable, efficient, and intelligent farming practices while encouraging the continued adoption and adaptation of new technologies.
Gain and Bandwidth Enhancement of 3D-Printed Short Backfire Antennas Using Rim Flaring and Iris Matching
Authors: Aragbaiye Yewande Mariam , Isleifson Dustin
Published: April 2024

In this article, we present new design techniques to improve the gain and impedance bandwidth of short backfire antennas. For the gain enhancement procedure, our approach was to flare the rim of the antenna, which simultaneously led to an increase in the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. Parametric studies were carried out to obtain the optimal flaring angle. The peak realized gain was obtained as 17.2 dBi with an impedance bandwidth of 55% (2.4 dB and 28.6% increase in gain and bandwidth, respectively, compared to the unflared antenna). To further enhance the impedance bandwidth, an inductive iris was added to improve impedance matching at the waveguide aperture. We varied the width of the iris to obtain the optimal width that provided the best gain and impedance bandwidth result of 17.1 dBi and 66% (~40% increase compared to the unflared antenna without iris). To experimentally verify the work, prototypes were fabricated and tested. We found good agreement between simulation and measurement. The results of this study indicate that gain and bandwidth can be enhanced through optimized geometrical modification of the SBF structure. Furthermore, our 3D-printed technique demonstrates a mass reduction compared with conventional metallic structures.
Prototype Learning for Medical Time Series Classification via Human–Machine Collaboration
Authors: Xie Jia , Wang Zhu , Yu Zhiwen , Ding Yasan , Guo Bin
Published: April 2024

Deep neural networks must address the dual challenge of delivering high-accuracy predictions and providing user-friendly explanations. While deep models are widely used in the field of time series modeling, deciphering the core principles that govern the models’ outputs remains a significant challenge. This is crucial for fostering the development of trusted models and facilitating domain expert validation, thereby empowering users and domain experts to utilize them confidently in high-risk decision-making contexts (e.g., decision-support systems in healthcare). In this work, we put forward a deep prototype learning model that supports interpretable and manipulable modeling and classification of medical time series (i.e., ECG signal). Specifically, we first optimize the representation of single heartbeat data by employing a bidirectional long short-term memory and attention mechanism, and then construct prototypes during the training phase. The final classification outcomes (i.e., normal sinus rhythm, atrial fibrillation, and other rhythm) are determined by comparing the input with the obtained prototypes. Moreover, the proposed model presents a human–machine collaboration mechanism, allowing domain experts to refine the prototypes by integrating their expertise to further enhance the model’s performance (contrary to the human-in-the-loop paradigm, where humans primarily act as supervisors or correctors, intervening when required, our approach focuses on a human–machine collaboration, wherein both parties engage as partners, enabling more fluid and integrated interactions). The experimental outcomes presented herein delineate that, within the realm of binary classification tasks—specifically distinguishing between normal sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation—our proposed model, albeit registering marginally lower performance in comparison to certain established baseline models such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and bidirectional long short-term memory with attention mechanisms (Bi-LSTMAttns), evidently surpasses other contemporary state-of-the-art prototype baseline models. Moreover, it demonstrates significantly enhanced performance relative to these prototype baseline models in the context of triple classification tasks, which encompass normal sinus rhythm, atrial fibrillation, and other rhythm classifications. The proposed model manifests a commendable prediction accuracy of 0.8414, coupled with macro precision, recall, and F1-score metrics of 0.8449, 0.8224, and 0.8235, respectively, achieving both high classification accuracy as well as good interpretability.
Fault Diagnosis of Hydraulic Components Based on Multi-Sensor Information Fusion Using Improved TSO-CNN-BiLSTM
Authors: Zhang Da , Zheng Kun , Liu Fuqi , Li Beili
Published: April 2024

In order to realize the accurate and reliable fault diagnosis of hydraulic systems, a diagnostic model based on improved tuna swarm optimization (ITSO), optimized convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) networks is proposed. Firstly, sensor selection is implemented using the random forest algorithm to select useful signals from six kinds of physical or virtual sensors including pressure, temperature, flow rate, vibration, motor power, and motor efficiency coefficient. After that, fused features are extracted by CNN, and then, BiLSTM is applied to learn the forward and backward information contained in the data. The ITSO algorithm is adopted to adaptively optimize the learning rate, regularization coefficient, and node number to obtain the optimal CNN-BiLSTM network. Improved Chebyshev chaotic mapping and the nonlinear reduction strategy are adopted to improve population initialization and individual position updating, further promoting the optimization effect of TSO. The experimental results show that the proposed method can automatically extract fusion features and effectively utilize multi-sensor information. The diagnostic accuracies of the plunger pump, cooler, throttle valve, and accumulator are 99.07%, 99.4%, 98.81%, and 98.51%, respectively. The diagnostic results of noisy data with 0 dB, 5 dB, and 10 dB signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) show that the ITSO-CNN-BiLSTM model has good robustness to noise interference.
Using a Slit to Suppress Optical Aberrations in Laser Triangulation Sensors
Authors: Pigeon Steven , Lapointe-Pinel Benjamin
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we present a laser triangulation sensor to measure the distance between the sensor and an object without contact using a diffraction slit rather than a traditional lens. We show that by replacing the lens with a slit, we can exploit the resulting diffraction pattern to have finer and yet simpler image analysis, yielding better estimation of the distance to the object. To test our hypothesis, we build a precision position table and a laser triangulation sensor, generate large data sets to test different estimation algorithms on various materials, and compare data acquisition using a traditional lens versus using a slit. We show that position estimation when using a slit is both more precise and more accurate than comparable methods using a lens.
Inhibition of Carbon Steel Corrosion Using Dextran Derivatives in Circulating Cooling Water
Authors: Xu Ping , Chen Xingrun
Published: April 2024

Developing environmentally friendly and biodegradable corrosion inhibitors is an important research direction due to the toxicity and non-degradability of conventional carbon steel corrosion inhibitors added to circulating cooling water environments. Polysaccharides in EPSs (Exopolysaccharides) can be used as green corrosion inhibitors, but a low inhibition rate limits their practical application. Chemical modification is widely used to modify the functionality of polysaccharides by altering their physicochemical properties and structures, thereby enhancing or supplementing their functional characteristics. In this study, we employed chloroacetic acid as an esterifying agent to chemically modify Dextran and successfully synthesized a modified polysaccharide derivative with a substitution degree of 0.326. This derivative efficiently inhibited the corrosion of carbon steel in circulating cooling water environments. The carboxymethylated dextran (CM-Dextran) formed after synthesis could adsorb onto metal surfaces to form a protective film, thereby inhibiting metal surface dissolution reactions and exhibiting anodic corrosion inhibition properties. The experimental results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of CM-Dextran after modification increased by up to 57.4%, with a maximum inhibition efficiency of 82.52% at a concentration of 4 mg/mL. This study provides new insights and opportunities for the development of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors derived from polysaccharides.
Aspects of care practices’ transformation in the 21st century
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology RAS, Olkhovskaya Y. A.
Published: April 2024

The article presents an overview of research in the field of caring for pensioners and people with cognitive impairment in the Russian Federation at the beginning of the 21st century. The rethinking of guardianship in Russian society is shown. A review of 50 modern literary sources, journal articles from WoS and Scopus by Russian authors were studied using the methods of scientometric analysis, empirical generalization and systematization of information, 31 articles on the research topic were selected. Knowledge of the transformation of care is an actual interdisciplinary direction in anthropology. The idea of elaborating this concept based on a sample of the world communities’ population in developed and developing countries and countries with economies in transition, with different guardianship services’ coordination. In the formation of social attitudes, the social isolation of older people is clearly traced against the background of modern demographic processes, with a propensity for the aging of the world's population. The rethinking of guardianship in Russian society is shown. The problem nodes of various forms of support are tracked, the vector of their further development is determined. The differentiation of the socio-economic status of the elderly population is noted. The peculiarity of the volunteer movement during the pandemic is emphasized. The accumulated knowledge revealed the transformation of attitude towards humanization. A change in traditional types of assistance has been noted, reduction of state participation. To compensate for the current situation, the UN today is already taking steps to create favorable living conditions for the mature population in all countries.
On the question of the dichotomy of the snake image in the South Slavic tradition
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Fomichev N. N. , Gerasina A. S. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: April 2024

An appeal to figurative representations preserved by folk tradition is an attempt to study mentality, understanding the world of a particular culture. Immersion in the world of mythological and fairy-tale formations makes it possible to reveal social representations, the specifics of intercultural interaction at the level of folk tradition. The relevance of this article lies in the possibility of identifying supra-ethnic processes of intercultural interaction in the South Slavic realm, as well as their social, cultural and ideological aspects. The symbolism of the snake in the cultures of various samples is known from Paleolithic times. According to a biological point of view, this is one of the most common groups of animals, neighboring in the past and today to humans all around the globe. Emotional perception of the quality of a snake (danger, secrecy, unusual appearance) and its mythological derivatives, make it possible to identify alternative, but common types of the snake image reflection that take place in Western and especially Eastern Slavic, Romanesque, Albanian, Germanic, Indo-Iranian, Greco-Roman and other mythological traditions. Their correct understanding of the ethical and aesthetic cultural paths of development of modern Slavic peoples, who have entered into a regulated dynamic cultural convergence with the whole world, is an urgent scientific and social task. The main sources of the article are songs, fairy tales, descriptions of the rituals of the Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Bulgarians, Macedonians. Perception of the image of a snake and giving it fabulous and mythological features in historical times revealing the inconsistency of Slavic ideas about the objects present, their natural, emotional coloring of images and detection with a person.
A tree in the funeral rites of the Romanians (based on materials from Oltenia and the Timok Valley)
Authors:   Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) of RAS, Golant N. G.
Published: April 2024

The article is based on the author’s field materials on funeral rituals, collected during ethnolinguistic research on the territory of the historical region of Oltenia (the southwestern part of modern Romania) – in the districts of Vâlcea, Gorj and Mehedinţi, and in the Serbian part of the region in Romanian scientific literature called the Timoc valley (Valea Timocului) – in the Zaječar and Bor districts of Serbia, mainly in those settlements of eastern Serbia where speakers of Oltenian subdialects live. In addition, when writing the article, the works of Romanian, Serbian, Bulgarian ad other researchers concerning funeral rituals and related folklore texts from Oltenia, the Timok valley and other regions with Romanian-speaking population were used. Particular attention is paid to the terms used in different regions and settlements to designate a tree as part of the funeral props, as well as folklore texts related to funeral rituals, in which trees are mentioned.
Language and mentality, their relationship and mutual influence
Authors:   St. Petersburg Restoration and Construction Institute, Borzova E. P. , Kovalev A. A. ,   Northwestern Institute of Management RANEPA
Published: April 2024

The study examines the interaction of mentality and language in modern conditions, emphasizing their role in protecting the unique features of nations in the context of globalization. The authors apply an integrated scientific approach, including historical-anthropological and phenomenological methods, to analyze the main characteristics of both phenomena and indicate their joint influence. The work explores ethnos and nation as different stages of the historical development of homogeneous communities, focusing on the mentality and language as integral identification elements of such development. It calls for the actualization of the study and protection of the distinctive characteristics of the cultures of peoples in order to prevent their unification and contributes to further scientific understanding of this issue.
OPTIMALISASI PEMASARAN DI ERA PANDEMI COVID-19 BAGI USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI DESA BAWU
Authors: Rokhimah Hafiza Meylia , Yuliana Shofa Zulfriza , Naufal Achmad , Lu'luatuwwafiroh Lu'luatuwwafiroh , Ma'lufi Muchammad Viqi , Anwar Aan Zainul
Published: April 2024

The activity was a community service carried out in Bawu Village to a Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) with the name Baim¢s Cafe and Bubur & Rujak Mbok Siti. The spread of COVID-19 that hit Indonesia had a negative impact on micro-entrepreneurs in Indonesia, especially in Bawu Village. The implementation of Restrictions Towards Community Activities (PPKM) by both central and local governments significantly reduces consumer access to the micro business actors. The purpose of this community service is to increase the entrepreneurial knowledge and skills of business owners in selling through social networking. This service is carried out through mentoring activities including the creation and training of the use of social media in product sales, grab registration, relayout, redesign menu list, as well as monitoring and evaluation. The results obtained after mentoring showed an increase in consumer access to the assisted micro businesses, as indicated by the increase in orders and turnover of the assisted micro businesses. This activity is expected to be an example for other Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises business actors affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and become a solution to the existing problems.
Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Pembuatan Prototipe E-Modul Interaktif Melalui Book Creator bagi Guru SD di Lembaga Pendidikan Maarif NU Kota Surabaya
Authors: Ghufron Syamsul , Nafiah Nafiah , Kasiyun Suharmono , Rulyansah Afib , Susanto Rudi Umar
Published: April 2024

In general, elementary schools in the Maarif NU Educational Institution in Surabaya City do not have IT-based learning laboratories so that learning is always carried out in class. In addition, learning is still dominant using conventional media, namely blackboards and books, rarely using computer media. This happens because of the lack of teachers who understand the creation and use of computer-based learning media. Therefore, in an effort to utilize technology in learning, it is necessary to hold training on making e-modules with Book Creator. The methods for implementing this activity are as follows: field observations, analyze partner needs and offer solutions, make system designs, create materials related to interactive and interesting e-modules through book creators, carry out training and assistance in accordance with the title of community service, and conduct evaluation and reflection activities. This service activity was considered very successful. This success can be seen from the analysis of partner needs and the results of the t-test which show a significant value of the participants' competence before and after participating in the training. Thus, it can be concluded that this training and mentoring activity succeeded in increasing the digital literacy skills of the training participants.
Pelatihan Google Education Guna Optimalisasi Penerapan Teknologi Digital Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Guru SD di Kota Madiun
Authors: Pamungkas Ridho , Mumtahana Hani Atun , Rudyanto Hendra Erik , Pradana Lingga Nico
Published: April 2024

Kegiatan abdimas ini merupakan hilirisasi dari penelitian tim sebelumnya yang mengambil tema analisa dan optimalisasi teknologi digital pada proses pembelajaran sekolah dasar di Kota Madiun. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, kendala yang dialami pada proses pembelajaran, terutama pembelajaran daring diantaranya ialah menguasaan IT atau teknologi digital  guru yaitu mendapatkan nilai 12% dimana kendala tersebut merupakan kendala yang meniliki point yang tinggi. Tujuan dari kegiatan abdimas ini adalah meningkatkan softskill atau kemampuan guru dalam penggunaan teknologi digital dalam proses pembelajaran dengan pelatihan penggunaan Google Education dan Pen Tablet. Metode dalam pelaksanaan Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini terdapat empat tahapan diantaranya Survey,  Optimalisasi, Materi, dan Evaluasi. Kegiatan abdimas dalam bentuk pendampingan atau pelatihan yang telah dilakukan cukup berhasil, hal tersebuat dapat dilihat dari indikator prosentase peserta yang dapat mengimplementasikan teknologi digital berupa Pen Tablet dan Google Education dengan nilai 72%. Namun setelah dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian ini hendaknya dilakukan kegiatan tindak lanjut agar kemampuan literasi digital guru terus meningkat dan Guru harus mengaplikasikan hasil pelatihan ke dalam pembelajaran agar hasil belajar siswa dapat meningkat.
Penyuluhan Osteoporosis dalam Upaya Pencegahan Komplikasi Tulang pada Pasien Talasemia Mayor di Kabupaten Rembang dan Grobogan
Authors: Widyastiti Nyoman Suci , Retnoningrum Dwi , Ariosta Ariosta , Nency Yetty Movieta , Ngestiningsih Dwi , Partiwi Rina , Muniroh Muflihatul , Naviati Elsa , Afriana Rizky Dyas
Published: April 2024

Background Osteoporosis is a complication that often occurs in thalassemia major patients. This complication is still not widely known. This community service program aims to increase the knowledge of families of major thalassemia patients in Rembang Regency and Grobogan Regency regarding the complications of osteoporosis in thalassemia patients. Methods Education about osteoporosis, risk of osteoporosis in thalassemia patients, and prevention of osteoporosis. Extension method with presentation and discussion. The activity was attended by 20 thalassemia families in the Rembang Regency and 21 families of thalassemia patients in the Grobogan Regency. Before and after counseling, pretest and posttest questionnaires were completed to measure the knowledge of families of thalassemia major patients regarding bone complications in thalassemia patients. Results and Discussion Nearly half (46.34%) of respondents did not know the risk of osteoporosis in thalassemia. After counseling, 82.93% of respondents knew the risk of osteoporosis in thalassemia, but there were still 17.07% of respondents who still did not know this risk. Conclusion There is a significant increase in family knowledge of thalassemia major patients about the risk of osteoporosis in thalassemia. Further efforts to increase knowledge are needed with written information media (leaflets) given to families of thalassemia major patients
КОМУНІКАТИВНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНА СКЛАДОВА ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПОЛІЦЕЙСЬКИХ
Authors: Голинська Л. О.
Published: April 2024

Стаття присвячена комунікативно-психологічній складовій професійної діяльності працівників Національної поліції. Автором акцентовано увагу на тому, що специфіка роботи працівників поліції обумовлена різними факторами, в яких не рідко, ставиться під загрозу життя не тільки громадян, а і самого поліцейського. Визначена специфіка та особливості дій працівників Національної поліції у окремих ситуаціях стресового характеру (застосування вогнепальної зброї, діалогу з учасниками конфліктної ситуації, перебування на місці події злочину тощо). Встановлено, що перебування в стресових ситуаціях, які доволі часто супроводжуються негативними наслідками, поліцейські так само опиняються під впливом такого негативного емоційного та психологічного поля. Тому особлива увага має приділятись формуванню психологічних навичок подолання негативного впливу від професійної діяльності. Особливої актуальності це питання набуває в умовах воєнного стану, коли як перед суспільством, так і поліцейськими постали нові виклики й небезпеки.
ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ ТА ПРОБЛЕМНІ ПИТАННЯ СУЧАСНОЇ КРИМІНАЛЬНОЇ ПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Колб О. Г.
Published: April 2024

У науковій статті з’ясовано сутність і зміст сучасної (з часу прийняття у 1 року нового Кримінального процесуального кодексу (КПК)) політики з питань кримінального процесуального спрямування, встановлені у зв’язку з цим існуючі проблеми та правові прогалини, а також запропоновані авторські пропозиції щодо їх усунення. Зокрема, встановлено, що на законодавчому та доктринальному рівнях недостатнім чином обґрунтовується необхідність доповнення КПК України правовим інститутом причин і умов злочинності , суб’єктами реалізації якого є сторона обвинувачення у кримінальному провадженні (дізнавач, слідчий і прокурор). Доведено, що такий підхід законодавця логічно обґрунтований теоретично адаптованою на практиці доктриною детермінації всіх соціальних явищ і процесів, у тому числі й у сфері запобігання і протидії злочинності. Виходячи з цього та враховуючи об’єктивну природу процесу детермінації, на відомчому рівні прийняті відповідні нормативно-правові акти, які зобов’язують зазначених учасників кримінального провадження виявляти причини і умови, які сприяли вчиненню злочину, та здійснювати визначені у законі заходи щодо їх нейтралізації, усунення тощо.
Ercüment Ekrem Talu ve Kopuk Romanı Üzerine
Authors: Şener Zeynep
Published: April 2024

II. Meşrutiyet ve Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk edebiyatının önemli isimlerinden biri olan Ercüment Ekrem Talu (1888-1956) edebiyat alanındaki eserlerinin yanı sıra gazeteci ve siyasetçi kimliğiyle de dikkati çeker. Hikâye, şiir, hatıra, tiyatro ve roman türlerinin yanında çeşitli gazete ve dergilerde fıkra ve makaleleri bulunan Ercüment Ekrem yazdığı yazılarda özellikle İstanbul ve onun değişik yüzlerini okuruna aktarır. Kopuk romanı, yazarın İstanbul’u mekân olarak seçtiği ve kimsesiz kalan Ahmet’in başından geçenler sonucunda yaşadığı değişimi okura sunduğu bir eserdir. Hırsızlık, cinayet, polis tarafından aranma ve zenginden çalıp fakire vererek halk kahramanı hâline gelme gibi hususları içeren bu romanda suç kavramı ele alınır. Suç ve suçluya odaklanan Kopuk romanı bahsi geçen bu başlıkları içerse de polisiye roman türüne dahil edilemez. Polisiye romanlarında olduğu gibi bir detektif, muamma yahut çıkarsamaya yer vermeyen bu romanda suçu işleyen kişi de sebepleri de romanın başından bellidir. Bu çalışmada Ercüment Ekrem Talu’nun, Kopuk romanıyla, hayatta yalnız kalan çocukların hatalarını, yanlış verilen kararların yol açabileceği sonuçları, işlenen suçları ve haksızlığa karşı çıkmanın haklılığını irdelemesi incelenecektir.
Four New Species of Hiraea (Malpighiaceae) and Review of H. brachyptera
Authors: Anderson Christiane
Published: April 2024

Four new species of Hiraea Jacq. (Malpighiaceae) from Costa Rica and Panama are proposed: H. hispida C. E. Anderson, H. oligantha C. E. Anderson, H. pleiantha C. E. Anderson, and H. velutinissima C. E. Anderson. A previously misidentified specimen from Panama is the first record of H. brachyptera Triana & Planch. in Central America. All species are described and illustrated. A key to species of Hiraea with multiflowered umbels occurring in Mesoamerica is provided.
Treatment outcomes of multiple myeloma in patients requiring renal replacement therapy
Authors: Ratnayake Aruni , Srikantharajah Mukunthan , Stern Simon , Makanjuola David
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Renal impairment is a recognised complication of multiple myeloma (MM). Bortezomib and dexamethasone are used as first line therapy but are associated with important side effects. Objectives: We investigated outcomes of patients with MM requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT), assessed renal and haematological responses, and compared effects of different chemotherapy regimens. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study of 67 patients with MM with associated renal impairment managed at our centre from 2007–2017. Approximately 29 patients required RRT and were included in the final analysis. Results: Bortezomib was administered to treat 65.5% patients; overall response rate was 84.2% (complete 21.1%, partial 63.1%). The remaining patients were treated with other agents; of these 50% responded to therapy, all with partial response. Bortezomib was associated with improved survival (P=0.02), however a higher proportion of patients experienced side effects (P=0.02). Of the patients who received bortezomib, 47% came off RRT, compared to 10% of patients who did not (P=0.04). Independence from RRT had the best association with survival (P=0.07). Patients who came off RRT had significant reduction in serum free light chains after two cycles of chemotherapy; those remaining dialysis-dependent showed variable changes in free light chain levels (P=0.02). Conclusion: Bortezomib treatment resulted in a significant improvement in survival, albeit with more side effects. Gaining independence from RRT was associated with better patient survival. A greater degree of reduction of free light chains corresponded to an increased likelihood of being independent of dialysis; this could be used as a marker for renal recovery and overall prognosis.
Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir efficacy and safety in high-risk COVID-19 patients: a review of recent retrospective cohort studies – nephrology point of view
Authors: Amin Alireza , Maleki Shiva , Moonesan Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted researchers to look for efficient treatments to lower high-risk patients’ probabilities of hospitalization, rapid disease progression, and death. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (Paxlovid) is a promising treatment option that has been evaluated in several recent retrospective cohort studies. In this article, we review four such studies conducted in China and the USA between 2022 and 2023. The studies, which included large groups of COVID-19 patients, found that Paxlovid treatment was linked to a significant drop in the risk of hospitalization, severe disease progression, and death in high-risk patients. This was true even for patients who had been immune to the disease before from an infection or vaccination. However, more research is needed to validate these results and evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of this medication. In addition to highlighting the need for larger studies to evaluate both the effectiveness and safety of this treatment in patients with a variety of populations, our review sheds light on the present understanding of Paxlovid and its application for high-risk COVID-19 patients.
Coastal trends and opportunities: Back to the future?
Authors: Ewing, Ph.D. Lesley
Published: April 2024

The Editor of Shore & Beach reviews the contents of the Spring 2024 issue and notices how the old may yet be new again.
Sea level rise impacts on coastal access
Authors: Patsch Kiki , Reineman Dan R.
Published: April 2024

Climate change and associated sea level rise (SLR) will have substantial impacts on coastlines worldwide, threatening beaches, infrastructure, economies, and communities. In California, communities and individuals rely on the state’s public coastal access to physically reach and use the beaches and nearshore waters. Such use constitutes a key component of the state’s ocean-dependent coastal tourism and recreation sector, and contributes significantly to state and local economies, coastal culture, and individual’s coastal attachment. This study investigates the impacts of SLR on coastal access, first by using geospatial tools to develop a higher resolution database of the location and elevation of coastal access sites (opportunities, amenities, and facilities, including parking) at various coastal access sites statewide. Then, using the Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) SLR run-up model, we project the loss of coastal access opportunities due to SLR. We find that impacts to coastal access increase incrementally with SLR and vary widely by access feature type and location, with larger impacts accruing more rapidly in the southern half of the state. We project that access to California’s shoreline will drown at the rate of approximately 100 access opportunities per 1 foot of SLR. Losses of coastal access will impact individual communities and groups differently and are sensitive to the effects of different strategies designed to manage coastlines in the face of rising sea levels.
A Study on Investment Behaviour of Working Women in Theni City
Authors: Palpandian A. , Shanthi Merlin S.
Published: April 2024

This study aims to investigate the investment behaviour of working women, exploring their attitudes, preferences, and decision-making processes regarding financial investments. With an increasing number of women entering the workforce and gaining financial independence, understanding their investment behaviour becomes crucial for financial institutions and policymakers. Through surveys and interviews, this research examines factors influencing investment choices, risk tolerance levels, awareness of financial products, and long-term financial goals among working women. The findings aim to provide insights into designing targeted financial literacy programs and investment strategies tailored to the needs and preferences of this demographic, thereby empowering working women to make informed financial decisions and secure their financial futures.
Ecoliteracy to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Hannah B. , Varuneshwaran S.
Published: April 2024

All living organisms cannot live in isolation as they are dependent on each other to maintain the conditions that make life worth living. Hence, sustainability involves a whole community and is not an individual property. One should always remember that ‘the whole is more than the sum of its parts’, which means that all the important living systems depend on connections among the system’s components. Thus to support each other and make others live comfortably, each one should know about the environment they live in. In the billions of years of Earth’s evolution, the ecosystems have developed specific standards to sustain life. Understanding this is called as ‘ecoliteracy’. By becoming ecologically literate, one will be able to identify the patterns that help to sustain life and the ways in which these patterns were ignored by the previous generations. This literacy has to be arrived at an early stage by introducing interactive learning programs that allow children to participate in these initiatives. This will also encourage healthy habits and healthy lifestyle. The UN has propounded the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which pave the way for living a peaceful and healthy life. This paper demonstrates how Eco literacy can contribute towards the SDGs and how ecoliteracy could be a blessing for the Mother Earth and what are the challenges in implementing ecoliteracy.
Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives on Women’s Empowerment in India: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Ramar P.
Published: April 2024

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives have gained prominence globally as a means to address social issues, including gender equality and women’s empowerment. In India, where gender disparities persist across various socio-economic indicators, CSR initiatives hold significant potential to contribute to the empowerment of women. This research article presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of CSR initiatives on women’s empowerment in India. Through a systematic review of existing literature, case studies, and empirical data, this study evaluates the effectiveness of CSR programs in promoting gender equality, enhancing economic opportunities, and advancing social inclusion for women. The article also explores the challenges and opportunities encountered in the implementation of CSR initiatives aimed at women’s empowerment, considering diverse sectors and geographical contexts within India. Furthermore, the article discusses the role of government policies, institutional frameworks, and stakeholder collaborations in facilitating meaningful CSR interventions for women’s empowerment. By critically assessing the outcomes and limitations of CSR efforts, this research contributes to a nuanced understanding of the potential of corporate engagement in advancing gender equality and women’s empowerment in India.
Rekomendasi Penerima Remisi Menggunakan Metode AHP dan TOPSIS pada Lapas IIB Solok
Authors: Syalsabilla Adinda , Yanto Musli , Ariandi Vicky
Published: April 2024

Criminal law plays a crucial role in maintaining public order, and the correctional system is a crucial element in the administration of criminal law. Remission is a right for prisoners and becomes an essential aspect of corrections that provides incentives for good behavior during the rehabilitation period. Class IIB Solok Penitentiary faces challenges in the process of granting remission to prisoners without decision support systems. This study aims to develop a Decision Support System (DSS) using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods to provide recommendations for granting remission to prisoners. The research method involves using AHP to assign weights to relevant criteria in the remission process and TOPSIS to rank each alternative prisoner. This method is implemented by constructing a website using PHP programming language and MySQL database.The research dataset includes information about prisoners and criteria used in the remission decision-making process. The results show that the implementation of the DSS with AHP and TOPSIS methods can effectively provide recommendations for granting remission to prisoners. The system is capable of prioritizing prisoners based on their level of priority for receiving remission, enhancing efficiency in decision-making at Class IIB Solok Penitentiary. This study contributes to improving the objectivity and efficiency in the remission decision-making process, supporting effective criminal law administration
Compartilhamento do Conhecimento: relação entre gestão do conhecimento e gestão escolar
Authors: Coqueiro Gislaine Souza , Sartori Viviane , Brambilla Marco Aurélio
Published: April 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma análise dos fatores motivadores do compartilhamento do conhecimento e as competências exigidas ao diretor escolar. Foram analisados os fatores influenciadores e inibidores do compartilhamento do conhecimento na gestão escolar que interferem nas competências profissionais das escolas públicas do Núcleo Regional de Educação de Maringá-Paraná. A metodologia utilizada é de natureza aplicada, com objetivos descritivos e exploratórios; os procedimentos contam com pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e abordagem quantitativa, visando compreender a relação entre o compartilhamento do conhecimento e a gestão escolar.

Palavras-chave: Compartilhamento do conhecimento. Gestão do conhecimento. Gestão escolar.
EDUCATION OF SPIRITUALITY OF A MODERN RUSSIAN STUDENT: WHERE TO START, WHAT TO TEACH?
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, KARGAPOLOVA E.V. , DRACHLER M.A. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: April 2024

The revival of Russia is directly connected with the education of spirituality of students who realize the most important social function of determining the future of the country. By the education of spirituality, the authors understand the formation of the quality of the subject of social development on the basis of the highest moral values - Truth, Truth, Goodness, Beauty. The article analyzes the ideas of Moscow university students about spirituality based on the results of a specific sociological study. The most important conclusion of the study is the established correspondence of the fundamental (including domestic) philosophical and theoretical understanding of spirituality to empirical results - the respondents most often mention intangible, spiritual values, followed by religious values, as well as the importance of development, knowledge, culture, art, self-understanding, communication with loved ones. Thus, the philosophical concept of spirituality coincides with the associative series of ordinary Russian students. The conclusions presented in the publication may be of interest to the agents of the educational process for the organization of contact and independent work of students on the education of spirituality, as well as directly to the students themselves for the reflection of their own spiritual potential.