bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBUKTIAN DAKWAAN TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN DENGAN VISUM ET REPERTUM (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 34/PID.B/2022/PN.SLT)
Authors: Sari Leni Sasmita , Aldyan Arsyad
Published: March 2023

Penelitian hukum ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan Visum Et Repertum dalam proses perkara pidana pembunuhan dan kesesuaian pertimbangan hukum hakim memutus perkara pembunuhan dengan pasal 183 juncto pasal 193 ayat (1) KUHAP. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder, dengan teknik analisis bahan hukum menggunakan metode silogisme dan interpretasi dengan menggunakan pola berpikir deduktif. Pada penelitian ini telah diketahui pembuktikan penuntut umum dalam tindak pidana pembunuhan berdasarkan visum et repertum mengenai penyebab hilangnya nyawa korban dimana hasil pemeriksaan tersebut dibuat oleh pejabat yang berwenang berdasarkan pengetahuannya dan ditandatangani dibawah sumpah jabatan,sehingga menjadi akta autentik yang secara otomatis menjadi alat bukti yang sah dan mempunyai nilai kekuatan pembuktian namun harus dikaitkan dengan alat bukti lain agar tercipta suatu kebenaran materiil dan hakim dalam menjatuhkan suatu putusan telah memperoleh keyakinan dengan berdasar minimal dua alat bukti yang sah, yaitu keterangan ahli, surat dan keterangan terdakwa.

Kata Kunci: Visum Et Repertum; Pembuktian; Pertimbangan Hakim.

This legal research aims to determine the role of Visum Et Repertum in the process of criminal cases of murder and the suitability of the judge's legal considerations in deciding the murder case with article 183 juncto article 193 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code. The research method used is normative legal research. The sources of legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials, with legal material analysis techniques using the syllogism method and interpretation using deductive thinking patterns. In this study it has been known that the public prosecutor's evidence in the crime of murder based on visum et repertum concerning the cause of the loss of the victim's life where the results of the examination were made by an authorized official based on his knowledge and signed under an oath of office, so that it becomes an authentic deed which automatically becomes legal evidence. and has the value of evidentiary strength but must be linked to other evidence in order to create a material truth and the judge in imposing a decision has obtained conviction based on at least two valid pieces of evidence, namely expert testimony, letters and statements of the accused.

Keywords : Visum Et Repertum; Proof; Judge Consideration.
PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM MAHKAMAH AGUNG DALAM MENJATUHKAN PUTUSAN MENGAKIBATKAN DISSENTING OPINION
Authors: Nirmalaningtyas Vanadya Tiara Insani
Published: March 2023

Artikel ini ditulis bertujuan untuk mengetahui argumentasi perbedaan pendapat pertimbangan hakim memutus terhadap alasan kasasi Penuntut Umum dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi yang diputus Mahkamah Agung berdasarkan Putusan Nomor:1555K/Pid.Sus/2019 ditinjau dari ketentuan KUHAP. Jenis penelitian hukum ini adalah penelitian normatif atau doktrinal, yang bersifat preskiptif dan terapan dengan pendekatan kasus. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder diperoleh dari studi dokumen atau kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan diketahui bahwa pertimbangan Hakim Mahkamah Agung dalam mengabulkan permohonan Kasasi Penuntut Umum, telah sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 255 jo Pasal 256 KUHAP dan membatalkan Putusan sebelumnya. Menyatakan terdakwa bersalah melakukan tindak pidana korupsi secara bersama-sama dan menjatuhkan pidana penjara, denda serta uang pengganti. Karena dalam memutus perkara ini terdapat Dissenting Opinion diantara anggota Judex Juris, maka putusan dijatuhkan atas dasar suara terbanyak dan telah sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 182 ayat (6) huruf a KUHAP jo Pasal 255 ayat (1) jo Pasal 193 ayat (1) KUHAP.

Kata Kunci: Dissenting Opinion; Judex Factie; Kasasi, Korupsi; PenuntutUmum.

This article was written with the aim of finding out the arguments for differences of opinion in the consideration of the judge's decision on the reasons for the appeal by the Public Prosecutor in the Corruption Crime which was decided by the Supreme Court based on Decision Number: 1555K/Pid.Sus/2019 in terms of the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code. This type of legal research is normative or doctrinal research, which is prescriptive and applied with a case approach. Techniques for collecting primary and secondary legal materials are obtained from document studies or literature. Based on the results of the research and discussion it is known that the Supreme Court Judge's consideration in granting the Public Prosecutor's cassation request was in accordance with the provisions of Article 255 in conjunction with Article 256 of the Criminal Procedure Code and canceled the previous decision. Declare guilty of committing the criminal act of corruption jointly and impose prison sentences, fines and compensation money. Because in deciding this case there was a Dissenting Opinion among Judex Juris members, the decision was made on the basis of a majority vote and was in accordance with the provisions of Article 182 paragraph (6) letter a of the Criminal Procedure Code in conjunction with Article 255 paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 193 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code.

Keywords: Dissenting Opinion; Judex Factie; Cassation; Corruption; Public Proscutor.
KESESUAIAN PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM YANG MENYEBABKAN DISPARITAS PEMIDANAAN DALAM TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DENGAN KUHAP
Authors: Kovalaski Katherine , Rustamaji Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Artikel ini menganalisis penjatuhan putusan pemidanaan yang menimbulkan disparitas pemidanaan dalam kasus tindak pidana korupsi yang menyebabkan keuangan negara di Pengadilan Negeri Bandung. Hal ini berimplikasi pada kesesuaian pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan dengan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) yang dikaji lebih lanjut untuk melihat penyebab perbedaan penjatuhan lamanya hukuman dan pidana lain yang tersusun dalam putusan perkara tindak pidana yang sejenis. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif bersifat preskriptif. Dengan metode pendekatan kasus dan bersumber bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum ini adalah studi kepustakaan, dengan cara membaca, mengkaji, dan memberi catatan dari buku, peraturan perundang-undangan, tulisan dan publikasi. Selanjutnya, teknik analisis yang digunakan bersifat silogisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan pemidanaan yang menimbulkan disparitas pada tindak pidana korupsi dalam Putusan Nomor 83/Pid.Sus[1]TPK/2020/PN.Bdg dan 85/Pid.Sus-TPK/2020/PN.Bdg sudah berkesesuaian dengan Pasal 193 ayat (1) KUHAP terlepas dari disparitas yang terjadi.

Keywords: Disparitas; Pertimbangan Hakim; Putusan; Tindak Pidana Korupsi

This article analyzes judge’s consideration in imposing criminal decisions which lead to disparities in criminal decisions in cases of corruption which are cause state financial losses in the Bandung District Court. This has implications for suitability of judge’s considerations with Criminal Procedure Code that must be studied further to search the cause of the difference in the length of the sentences and other supporting sentences that include at judge’s verdict. This research is a prescriptive normative legal research that used case approach. Sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materialsis literature study by reading, reviewing, and providing notes from boos, laws, and regulations, writings, and publications. Furthermore, technical analysis is syllogistic. The results shows that the basis for the judge’s considerations in making criminal decisionsthat caused disparities was the decision on the corruption that cause state financial lossesin the Bandung District Court on Case Number: 83/Pid.Sus[1]TPK/2021/PN.Bdg and 85/Pid.Sus-TPK/2021/PN.Bdg is in accordance with Article 193 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code regardless of the disparities.

Keywords: Corruption; Disparity; Judge’s Considerations; Verdicts
ANALISIS PERTIMBANGAN DIKABULKANNYA RESTITUSI OLEH HAKIM TERHADAP KORBAN MATI (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR : 63/PID.B/2022/PN.SMN)
Authors: Dewi Kameswari Dyah Tungga , Santoso Bambang
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan pertimbangan hakim yang mengabulkan  permohonan restitusi dalam perkara tindak pidana kekerasan atau penganiayaan yang dilakukan secara  bersama sama hingga menyebabkan korban meninggal dunia dengan Pasal 170 KUHP berdasarkan putusan  nomor 63/Pid.B/2022/PN.Smn. Penelitian ini termasuk kedalam penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum menggunakan cara studi kepustakaan melalui cara mengumpulkan dan menganalisis bahan hukum yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan yang diteliti oleh Penulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permohonan Restitusi yang ajukan oleh keluarga Korban melalui Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban (LPSK) kepada Penuntut Umum agar dicantumkan dalam surat tuntutan berhasil dilaksanakan. Pertimbangan hakim mengenai Restitusi adalah untuk memulihkan atau memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi korban atau keluarganya dan sekaligus sebagai salah satu bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana, sehingga kepentingan korban atau keluarganya dan kepentingan pelaku perlu diperhatikan secara seimbang. Sehingga hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem peradilan pidana tidak hanya terfokus pada pemberian hukum pada pelaku pidana tetapi juga pada pemenuhan hak korban yang terpenuhi dengan maksimal.

Keywords: Pertimbangan Hakim; Permohonan Restitusi; Tindak Pidana Kekerasan; Pasal 170 KUHP

This study aims to find out the reason for the consideration of the judge who granted it application for restitution in cases of criminal acts of violence or persecution committed illegally together to cause the victim to die under Article 170 of the Criminal Code based on the decision number 63/Pid.B/2022/PN.Smn. This research is included in normative legal research case approach. The technique of collecting legal materials uses the study method literature by collecting and analyzing legal materials related to problems examined by the author. The results of the study show that the application for restitution is filed by the Victim's family through the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) to the Prosecutor General so that it is included in the letter of claim successfully carried out. Judge's opinion regarding Restitution is to restore or provide legal protection for victims or their families and at the same time as a form of criminal responsibility, so that the interests of the victim or his family and the interests of the offender need to be considered in a balanced way. So this shows that the criminal justice system is not only focused on giving law to criminals but also on the fulfillment of the rights of victims that are fulfilled to the fullest. Keywords: Judge's Considerations; Restitution Application; Violent Crimes; Article 170 of the Criminal Code

Keywords: Judges' Consideration; Restitution Request; Violent Crime; Article 170 of the Criminal Code
PERBANDINGAN PENDAPAT HUKUM HAKIM ATAS SENGKETA HAK ATAS MEREK (Studi Putusan Nomor 332K/Pdt.Sus-Hki/2021)
Authors: Wibowo Noer Ilmi Tari , Adlhiyati Zakki
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dasar perbedaan atas pertimbangan hukum hakim Pengadilan Niaga dengan Mahkamah Agung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan studi kasus. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Teknik yang dipakai dalam pengumpulan bahan hukum dalam penelitian ini adalah studi dokumen atau studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis metode deskriptif analisis, yaitu dengan cara mendeskripsikan suatu masalah hukum secara rinci kemudian menganalisanya. Berdasarkan pembahasan ini diperoleh hasil bahwa dalam memutuskan perkara sengketa merek “STRONG” pada tingkat pertama maupun tingkat kasasi memiliki pertimbangan hukum hakim yang berbeda. Hakim Pengadilan Niaga mengabulkan gugatan Penggugat didasarkan pada alat bukti dan sistem first to file yang dianut di Indonesia sedangkan Hakim Mahkamah Agung dalam mengabulkan permohonan kasasi Tergugat didasarkan bahwa merek milik Tergugat juga sudah terdaftar sehingga Tergugat juga memiliki alas hak untuk menggunakan merek tersebut. Serta menurut Hakim Agung, house mark dari produk pasta gigi milik PT Unileber Indonesia ini ialah PEPSODENT STRONG 12 JAM sedangkan milik Penggugat ialah FORMULA STRONG sehingga sudah sangat jelas terlihat perbedaannya dan kata “STRONG” sendiri juga merupakan kata keterangan bukanlah kata temuan Penggugat.

Kata Kunci: Pertimbangan Hakim; Sengketa; Merek

This study aims to determine the basis of differences in the legal considerations of judges of the Commercial Court and the Supreme Court. This research is a normative legal research with case studies. The type of data used is secondary data. The technique used in collecting legal materials in this research is document study or literature study. This study uses an analytical technique descriptive analysis method, namely by describing a legal issue in detail and then analyzing it. Based on this discussion, it was found that in deciding the "STRONG" brand dispute case at the first level and the cassation level the judges had different legal considerations. The Commercial Court Judge granted the Plaintiff's lawsuit based on evidence and the first to file system adopted in Indonesia while the Supreme Court Judge granted the Defendant's cassation request based on the fact that the Defendant's trademark had also been registered so that the Defendant also had the right to use the mark. And according to the Supreme Court Judge, the house mark of PT Unileber Indonesia's toothpaste product is PEPSODENT STRONG 12 JAM, while the Plaintiff's is STRONG FORMULA, so the difference is very clear and the word "STRONG" itself is also an adverb, not the words found by the Plaintiff.

Keywords: Judge's Consideration; Dispute; Brand
PENOLAKAN CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 19 SEBAGAI ALASAN FORCE MAJEURE DEBITUR WANPRESTASI (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 28/PDT.G.S/2021/PN.DPS)
Authors: Ramadhani Suci , Harjono Harjono
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pandemi covid-19 sebagai alasan force majeure dalam perjanjian sewa ruang usaha dalam putusan nomor 28/Pdt.G.S/2021/PN.Dps. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan sifat deskriptif. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus (case study). Bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah metode silogisme. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pandemi covid-19 tidak bisa dijadikan alasan debitur wanprestasi terhadap perjanjian sewa ruang usaha karena telah terjadi perubahan perjanjian sebelum debitur wanprestasi serta dalam perubahan perjanjian sewa ruang usaha tersebut tidak ada klausula yang mencantumkan covid-19 sebagai alasan force majeure debitur untuk tidak melaksanakan prestasinya. Debitur yang wanprestasi terhadap isi perjanjian sewa ruang usaha dengan menyertakan covid-19 sebagai alasan force majeure tidak bisa terbebas dari kewajibannya. Debitur tetap akan dikenai konsekensi yuridis akibat perbuatannya.

Keywords: Force Majeure; Covid-19; Perjanjian Sewa Ruang Usaha; Wanprestasi

 Abstract: This study aims to identify and analyze the Covid-19 pandemic as a reason for force majeure in the business space rental agreement in decision number 28/Pdt.G.S/2021/PN.Dps. This research is a normative legal research with a descriptive nature. The approach used in this research is a case study. The legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The legal material collection technique used is library research. The legal material analysis technique used is the syllogism method. The results of this study indicate that the Covid-19 pandemic cannot be used as an excuse for the debtor's default on the business space rental agreement because there has been a change in the agreement before the default debtor and in the change of the business space rental agreement there is no clause that includes Covid-19 as the reason for the debtor's force majeure not to carry out his achievements. Debtors who default on the contents of the business space rental agreement by including Covid-19 as a reason for force majeure cannot be released from their obligations. The debtor will still be subject to juridical consequences due to his actions.

Keywords: Force Majeure; Covid-19; Business Space Lease Agreement; Default
UPAYA PEMBUKTIAN ODITUR MILITER DALAM TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN BERENCANA OLEH ANGGOTA TNI
Authors: Fitriani Regita Desi
Published: March 2023

Artikel ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pembuktian Oditur Militer dalam tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana yang dilakukan oleh Anggota Militer pada putusan Nomor. 12-K/PM.II-11/AD/III/2022 sesuai dengan pasal 172 Ayat (1) Undang-undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1997 Tentang Peradilan Militer. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat preskriptif dan terapan. Menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Dengan pendekatan kasus. Jenis dan sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum adalah studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis bahan hukum menggunakan metode silogisme yang bersifat deduktif atau deduksi silogisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa upaya pembuktian terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana tersebut telah menggunakan alat bukti yang sah sesuai dengan Pasal 172 Ayat (1) Undang-undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1997 tentang Peradilan Militer yaitu Keterangan Saksi, Keterangan Ahli, Keterangan Terdakwa, Surat.

Kata Kunci: Militer; Putusan Pengadilan; Pembunuhan Berencana; Pembuktian

This article was created with the aim of finding out whether the evidence of the Military Prosecutor in the crime of premeditated murder committed by members of the military in decision No. 12-K/PM.II-11/AD/III/2022 in accordance with Article 172 Paragraph (1) of Law Number 31 of 1997 concerning Military Justice. This research is a normative legal research that is prescriptive and applied. Using primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. with a case approach. The types and sources of legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials is a literature study. The legal material analysis technique uses the deductive syllogistic method or syllogistic deduction. The results of the study show that efforts to prove the crime of premeditated murder have used valid evidence in accordance with Article 172 Paragraph (1) of Law Number 31 of 1997 concerning Military Justice namely Witness Statements, Expert Statements, Defendant Statements, Letters.

Keywords: Military; Court Decision; Premeditated Murder; Evidence.
PERLINDUNGAN SAKSI DALAM PROSES PENYIDIKAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG PERLINDUNGAN SAKSI DAN KORBAN
Authors: Kristanto Petrus Kanisius Eko , Kristiyadi Kristiyadi
Published: March 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui urgensi terkait perlindungan saksi dalam proses penyidikan oleh pihak kepolisian. Lalu bagaimana dengan perlindungan saksi dalam lingkup UU Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban yang kemudian dikaitkan dengan proses penyidikan oleh Kepolisian. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat preskriptif dan terapan. Pendekatan yang penulis gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan undang-undang. Jenis dan sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer dan sekunder dengan cara studi literatur/dokumen. Teknik analisis bahan hukum menggunakan metode silogisme dengan pola pikir deduktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dijelaskan bahwa urgensi perlindungan saksi dalam proses penyidikan oleh pihak kepolisian yaitu saksi sebagai alat bukti yang merupakan jantung dari penegakan hukum guna memperoleh kebenaran materil dan berperan sangat penting dalam proses peradilan. proses verifikasi. Jika tidak ada saksi, maka proses pembuktian gagal sehingga penyidikan tidak dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Perlindungan saksi menurut UU Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban berada di bawah pengawasan Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban atau LPSK. Perlindungan saksi dan korban dalam aspek penyidikan hanyalah salah satu konsepsi perlindungan saksi dan korban yang sangat urgen bagi proses penegakan hukum.

Kata Kunci: Urgensi; Perlindungan saksi; Penyidika.

This article aims to find out the urgency related to witness protection in the process of investigation by the police. Then how about witness protection within the scope of the Law on Witness and Victim Protection which is then linked to the investigation process by the Police. The method used in this research is normative legal research which is prescriptive and applied. The approach that the author uses in this study is statute approach. The types and sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary legal materials by means of literature/document studies. The law material analysis technique uses the syllogism method using a deductive mindset. Based on the results of the study, it is explained that the urgency of protecting witnesses in the investigation process by the police, namely witnesses as evidence which is the heart of law enforcement in order to obtain material truth and play a very important role in the verification process. If there are no witnesses, the proving process fails so that the investigation cannot be completed properly. Protection of witnesses according to the Witness and Victim Protection Act is under the control of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency or LPSK. Witness and victim protection in the investigative aspect is only one conception of witness and victim protection that is urgent for the law enforcement process.

Keywords: Urgency; Witness Protection; Investigation.
Public Libraries for Public Health: COVID-19 Response Efforts in Prince George’s County, Maryland
Authors: Acosta Diego de , Brown Nicholas Alexander , Zukowski Rachel , Mann Erin , Dawson-Hahn Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

Public libraries—trusted institutions with broad population reach—are well positioned to partner with public health departments to advance community health. In 2020 through 2022, Prince George’s County Memorial Library System assumed increasing responsibility in the local COVID-19 pandemic response by providing information and expanded services to county residents. With additional private funding, staffing, and public health resources, this library system codeveloped interventions to address information gaps, improve language access, and connect residents to more than 120 500 KN95 masks, more than 124 300 self-test kits, and more than 2400 vaccines. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(6):623–626. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307246 )
Part 1: Kinetics of Methane Exsolution From Bitumen in Thermal Recovery Processes – Experimental Study
Authors: Khalifi Mohammad , Khaledi Rahman , Motahhari Hamed , Beckman Mark , Wattenbarger Robert Chick
Published: March 2023

Under the reservoir conditions, bitumen has minute volumes of dissolved methane that when heated through a thermal recovery process, leave the solution and can potentially accumulate in the reservoir, reducing the steam condensation temperature at the bitumen/vapor interface, thus impacting process efficiency and impeding the production rates. Accurate quantification of the rate of release of methane is crucial for understanding the underlying mechanisms and predicting the performance of the bitumen recovery process. This rate can vary between hours to weeks depending on the conditions, making their measurement significantly challenging. In this study a new testing approach and experimental setup are developed for reliable measurement of the kinetics of the rate of methane release from bitumen.

A new experimental setup is designed, fabricated, and validated to measure the rate of minute volumes of methane released from bitumen. Moreover, a new analytical method is developed for modeling the complex kinetics of the release of methane from bitumen through a simple first-order reaction model with Arrhenius temperature dependency that can be incorporated into reservoir simulations without imposing a major numerical burden. Under a controlled testing environment, the methane release is initiated through imposing a sudden pressure drop to a pre-saturated bitumen/methane liquid mixture, therefore reducing the methane solubility and triggering its exsolution. To maintain the pressures at the new level, exsolved methane was then vented and measured using a precise gasometer.

The results indicate that the exsolution rate is in a direct relationship with the temperature of the mixture. This could be explained by the effect of temperature on the viscosity of the liquid phase. At higher test temperatures, the methane release process was completed in several minutes, while at lower temperature conditions, the process lasted for weeks. The profiles of methane release at four different temperature conditions were then analyzed to extract the first-order reaction rate kinetic parameters that could effectively capture the behavior of exsolution over a wide range of temperature and pressure conditions. Since the kinetic parameters were obtained for the lab scale quantities of bitumen and released methane, a simulation study was conducted to scale the parameters to a simulation grid block of a size 1 meter cube. The results indicate that for the numerical simulation of highly permeable reservoirs, the kinetic parameters obtained from the laboratory experiments can be used in the simulator without further modifications or scaling.
Extensive Experimental Study of Low-Salinity Waterflooding Using Hele-Shaw Cell: A Focus on Gravity and Mobility Ratio Effects
Authors: Belhaj Ahmed Fatih , Fakir Shasanowar Hussain , Singh Navpreet , Sarma Hemanta Kumar
Published: March 2023

Recently, low-salinity waterflooding (LSWF) has garnered attention as a promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method. LSWF implies the injection of a modified-composition brine into oil reservoirs with a promising potential of enhancing the oil recovery. In this study, two-dimensional visualization of oil displacement mechanism during LSWF is performed in a Hele-Shaw cell. A set of comprehensive experiments is conducted to investigate the areal sweep efficiency between different oils and brines as a function of various parameters. The movement in the Hele-Shaw cell is considered similar to two-dimensional flow in porous medium. Various parameters (ionic strength, injection rate, gravity, and mobility ratio) were extensively studied. The effect of ionic strength was studied between seawater (SW) and 1%diluted-seawater (1%dSW). It was indicated that the dilution of SW to 1%dSW has resulted in a lower areal sweep efficiency. This observation suggests the less dominant impact of oil-water interactions during LSWF. The effect of injection rate was studied for low, intermediate, and high flow rates and the results showed a clear increase in oil recovery with the increase of the injection rate. The effect of gravity was studied at different degrees of inclination angles up to 15°. It was clearly observed that the increase of the inclination angle has resulted in a lower areal sweep efficiency. These results showed that the effect of gravity can have a significant impact on the areal sweep efficiency; moreover, it showed a more profound effect on water fingering at the breakthrough. Light and waxy oils were used in this study, which generated varying mobility ratios with different injected brines. The analyzed images illustrated a lower oil recovery at a higher mobility ratio, as it was clearly observed that the injected brines achieved better areal sweep efficiency displacing the light oil as compared to the waxy oil. Most LSWF studies rely on coreflooding experiments to evaluate the performance of the process. Due to the complexity of the interactions between oil/brine/rock, the mechanisms of this process are not yet fully understood. Investigating the LSWF process in the absence of the rock can provide further explanation of the fluid-fluid (brine-oil) interactions. The gravity effect in this type of experiment was generally ignored and including it in this study makes its findings more representative of inclined oil-bearing formations.
De-Risking of Early-Stage Saline Aquifer CO2 Sequestration Projects Using a Data-Driven Approach
Authors: Pisarski Pawel , Chaikine Ilia , Romanov Alexey , Holst Richard , Hares Richard
Published: March 2023

Early-stage saline aquifer CO2 sequestration projects are filled with uncertainty and often pose a challenge for decision makers. The industry-standard saline aquifer suitability screening checklists provide limited insight into sequestration opportunity high-grading and development planning. Detailed full-field geological and numerical simulation modelling can be prohibitively expensive in the initial project scoping stage. Here we present an alternative data-driven approach to assist in early-stage CO2 sequestration project scoping. A developed machine learning model ties geological variables (predictors) with CO2 sequestration key variables (responses), such as cumulative CO2 injected, number of injection wells, injection rate, and CO2 plume diameter. The dataset underpinning the model consists of over 200 numerical simulation sensitivity runs. The Bayesian regression approach has been utilized allowing to express the model parameters with probability distributions. The novel machine learning model predicts key project variables, advancing the understanding of future saline aquifer development plans. The estimates are expressed as probability distributions, which allow for an uncertainty assessment that is tied to critical project decision-making variables. These results can be further used to determine the impact of geological variables on project key variables. The demonstrated novel application of Bayesian regression allows to assess uncertainty of project key variables and can be used to reduce the risk of CO2 sequestration projects prior to project decision-making. The solution provides the basis for economic modelling and accelerates the understanding of future saline aquifer development plans and the impact of key uncertainties.
Multi-Channel Lightweight Contrast Prediction Coding for Feature Extraction of Radar Emitter Signals
Authors: Zhang Junning , Wei Zhanyang , Ding Guoru , Liang Junli , Zhang Zefeng
Published: March 2023

This letter presents a novel multi-channel improved Contrastive Predictive Coding (CPC) method to extract signal features. Specifically, to extract low pulse width radar signal features and meet the real-time requirements of signal identification, we design a lightweight encoder to realize the CPC feature encoding function. Then, we construct a multi-channel CPC feature decoder to mine and extract subtle individual signal features from the perspective of multi-domain and multi-channel information input. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our proposed method, which can achieve state-of-the-art results in both accuracy and running time compared to the existing optimal methods. All our models and code are available at https://github.com/jn-z/MC-CPC.
Understanding the unique geochemical behavior of Sc in the interaction with clay minerals
Authors: Zhang Yingchun , Liu Xiandong , Lu Xiancai , Wang Rucheng
Published: March 2023

Regolith-hosted rare earth elements (REEs) deposits received great attention due to the increasing incorporation of REEs in modern technologies. In lateritic Sc deposits and ion-adsorption deposits (IADs), Sc behaves quite differently from REEs: REEs adsorb as outer-sphere complexes on clay surface in IADs, while Sc could enter the lattice of clay minerals in lateritic Sc deposits. The unique behavior of Sc has not been well understood yet. Here, by using first-principles molecular dynamics techniques, we show that the complexation mechanisms of Y3+ and Sc3+ on clay edge surfaces are distinctly different. Y3+ preferentially adsorbs on Al(OH)2SiO site with its coordination water protonated. Sc3+ is found to behave similarly to other first-row transition metals (e.g., Ni2+) due to its smaller ionic radius and prefers adsorbing on the vacancy site, from where Sc3+ can be readily incorporated in the clay lattice. The H2O ligands of Sc3+ get deprotonated upon complexation, providing new binding sites for further enrichment of Sc3+. These processes prevent Sc3+ from being leached during weathering and lead to the formation of Sc-rich clay minerals found in lateritic deposits. Based on these results, it is revealed that the small ionic radius and high affinity to enter the vacancy on edge surfaces make Sc compatible with clay minerals and are the origin of its unique geochemical behavior.
Investigating a new approach to enhance the discharge capacity of labyrinth weirs
Authors: Idrees Anees Kadhum , Al-Ameri Riyadh
Published: March 2023

Climate change has caused the inefficient operation of a significant number of old weirs to pass large discharges. Therefore, this study aims to increase the discharge capacity of the labyrinth weir. A new approach was proposed by modifying a labyrinth weir structure. The data was obtained from the quarter-round crest and different sidewall angles ranging from 8 to 35°. A conventional labyrinth weir was used for comparison. The results showed that the percentage of the notches area to sidewalls area of the weir (An/Aw) does not exceed 8%. Also, the percentage of the notches' length to total crest length (ΔL/Lc) does not exceed 32%. Also, the percentage of the notch depth to the sidewall depth (ΔP/P) does not exceed 30%. The other parameters are kept constant. These dimensionless terms provided a maximum compound coefficient of discharge of 0.74. Also, the compound discharge coefficient initially increased at low water head ratios and decreased at higher values of water head ratios. The regression empirical equations were generated. The maximum increase in efficiency was 10% for a sidewall angle of 6° when compared to conventional labyrinth weirs. The maximum improvement of the compound coefficient of discharge was 18.8% for a sidewall angle of 8°.
Quantitative assessment of computational efficiency of numerical models for surface flow simulation
Authors: Shen Yanxia , Jiang Chunbo
Published: March 2023

To improve computational efficiency without accuracy losses for surface flow simulation, a dynamic bidirectional coupling model based on multigrid was applied. The flood-prone areas, where the inundation conditions were needed to detail, were discretized using finer grids, while the rest of the domains were assigned coarser grids to reduce computation time. Different time steps were adopted in coarse and fine grids. This paper presented an approach to quantitatively assess the computational efficiency under different domain discretization and grid generation conditions. Three test cases were considered to demonstrate the performance of the applied model. The results showed that the model had high computational efficiency while maintaining satisfactory simulation accuracy. The computational efficiency of the model was not only related to the size ratio of coarse to fine grids, but the area ratio of coarse grids to the entire computational domain. If the area ratio of coarse grids to the computational domain was constant, the computational efficiency improved exponentially with the increasing size ratio. If the size ratio of coarse to fine grids was constant, the computational efficiency improved linearly with the increasing area ratio. The proposed method offers a promising option for quantitatively assessing the computational efficiency of models.
Urban flood forecasting using a hybrid modeling approach based on a deep learning technique
Authors: Moon Hyeontae , Yoon Sunkwon , Moon Youngil
Published: March 2023

Climate change is contributing to the increasing frequency and severity of flooding worldwide. Therefore, forecasting and preparing for floods while considering extreme climate conditions are essential for decision-makers to prevent and manage disasters. Although recent studies have demonstrated the potential of long short-term memory (LSTM) models for forecasting rainfall-related runoff, there remains room for improvement due to the lack of observational data. In this study, we developed a flood forecasting model based on a hybrid modeling approach that combined a rainfall-runoff model and a deep learning model. Furthermore, we proposed a method for forecasting flooding time using several representative rainfall variables. The study focused on urban river basins, combined rainfall amounts, duration, and time distribution to create virtual rainfall scenarios. Additionally, the simulated results of the rainfall-runoff model were used as input data to forecast flooding time under extreme and other rainfall conditions. The prediction results achieved high accuracy with a correlation coefficient of >0.9 and a Nash[ndash]Sutcliffe efficiency of >0.8. These results indicated that the proposed method would enable reasonable forecasting of flood occurrences and their timing using only forecasted rainfall information.
Light and oxygen facilitating the directly treatment food wastewater and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, 5-aminolevulinic acid, pigment productions by Rubrivivax gelatinosus
Authors: Xu Xiaohan , Gao Ziqing , Wu Xian , Chen Xi
Published: March 2023

Rubrivivax gelatinosus has the advantage of using wastewater to realize biomass recovery. However, they still cannot be applied large scale because they cannot directly treat the wastewater containing macromolecular organics. Thus, this article investigated the effects of light–oxygen conditions on R. gelatinosus by directly recycling wastewater containing macromolecular organics to produce biomass, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), and pigment. Results showed that R. gelatinosus directly treated the macromolecule organic (soybean protein and starch) wastewaters and achieved biomass recovery under light–anaerobic and light–micro-oxygen in six conditions. Chemical oxygen demand, protein, and starch removals for two wastewaters all reached above 70%. Renewable bio-resources such as biomass, PHB, 5-ALA, and pigment production were 10 times the initial content. Theoretical analysis indicated that light activated the synthesis of protease and amylase. However, oxygen concentration decided the number of enzymes. When oxygen was at micro-oxygen or anaerobic, the aforementioned expression and synthesis were conducted. In summary, this study expanded the viewpoint ignored by traditional theory. It was realized that R. gelatinosus directly treated wastewater and accumulated nutrients (biomass, PHB, pigment, and 5-ALA) for recycling, which reduced the secondary pollution of excess sludge into the environment.
Belief and Plausibility Measures in Assessing information Security Risks
Authors:   Finance University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Volkova Elena , Gisin Vladimir ,   Finance University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Purpose of the research: to develop methods for assessing information security risks under uncertainty, to describe the mechanism of propagating belief and plausibility in the attack graph.Research method: application of soft computing techniques, including the combination of Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, integration with respect to non-additive measures of belief and plausibility.Research result: risk assessment methods and methods for assessing expected losses have been developed in the case when risk factors are characterized by high uncertainty and do not allow sufficiently justified applying objective (probabilistic) assessment methods. The initial information is the upper and lower estimates of the probability of risk realization. Using the methods of the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, belief and plausibility measures are built on the attack graph. An approach is described that allows building belief and plausibility measures in the space of attack scenarios based on probabilistic estimates of typical information security events. It is shown how the expected damage (severity) can be estimated by the expectation of damage with respect to to these measures using the Choquet integral. Scientific novelty: a method of propagation belief along the attack graph has been developed. The method is based on an original approach to evaluating logical combinations of evidence given on binary frames and represented by disjunctive normal forms.
Metagrammatic Approach to the Analysis of Hierarchies for Synthesis of Security Systems nuclear Power Plants
Authors:   Autonomous non-profit organization ", Atakishchev Oleg ,   Institute of Engineering Physics", Gribunin Vadim ,   Autonomous non-profit organization "Institute of Engineering Physics", Borisenkov Igor ,   Deputy Chairman of the Applied Problems Section at the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lysachev Mikhail ,   JSC “Consyst-OS”
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the work is to analyze the features of the application of the integrated metagrammar approach of hierarchy analysis to solve the problem of structural-parametric synthesis of information security systems of automated control systems of low-power nuclear power plants.Research method: in order to achieve the goal of the work, the metagrammar approach of hierarchy analysis was used, which is an integration of the metagrammar approach and the Saati hierarchy analysis method.The result of the research: the metagrammar approach of hierarchy analysis is presented in the paper, the features of its application to solve the problem of structural-parametric synthesis of information security systems of automated control systems of low-power nuclear power plants are considered in detail.The scientific novelty lies in the development and analysis of the scientific and applied features of a new integrated metagrammar approach to hierarchy analysis, which allows the synthesis of complex structured information security systems in conditions of partial uncertainty.
Logical-Linguistic Mechanism of Formation of “Paper” Bullets in the Information confrontation
Authors:   Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Kapitsyn Sergey , Ryumshin Konstantin ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Varenitsa Vitaly ,   NPO Echelon, JSC
Published: March 2023

Purpose of the work consists in the analysis of approaches to the representation of the integrity of the seman- tics of knowledge of the information need of the target object of influence and the development of a logical-linguis- tic method for the formation of “paper” bullets based on phrase-structural grammar.Research method: the mechanism of the formation of «paper» bullets in the form of semantic-syntactic con- structions and a set of required semantic conclusions (inferences, the basis for the formation of a model of social behavior of the «defeated») of the target object of influence in the form of logical-linguistic models are illustrated. Research results: the technology of presenting logical-linguistic models (semantic-syntactic constructions) of «paper» bullets can be used in the development of the foundations of information weapons (information and recon- naissance strike systems) for selective impact on an object and a guaranteed change in its information needs in the interests of covert formation the required model of social behavior (the model of social behavior of the «van- quished»). Scientific novelty: representation of the integrity of the meaning of the required information needs in the form of semantic-syntactic constructions based on logic - the law of maintaining the integrity of the object.
Rag-Pickers as Benefactors and Beneficiaries of the Sustainable Development Goals: A Brief Literature Review
Authors: Venkatesh G
Published: March 2023

Ragpickers have long led a marginalised, subliminal and deprived existence, and have silently gone about contributing to ‘informal waste recycling’, diverting in many cities and towns, over half of the recyclable wastes from dumpsites to the technosphere. The reviewer has based this paper on 60 peer-reviewed publications spanning a time period of 28 years – from 1995 – 2022, originating from over a dozen different countries, and encompassing the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainability. The discussion has been structured around the six question words – Where/Wherefrom, When, How, What, Why and Who/Whom. While there is no claim of any addition per se being made to the extant body of knowledge, the reviewer would like to describe this as an attempt to simply collate existing knowledge to serve the practical purpose of highlighting the plight of our impoverished, malnourished, oppressed brethren, to elicit appreciation, understanding and support for them, from policymakers in government, CSR personnel from the corporate world, journalists in the media, and most importantly, from the common urban denizens. All these entities can work shoulder to shoulder with the NGOs who have been relentlessly striving to help the rag-pickers to ‘stay afloat’. The reviewer fondly hopes that this will motivate more concerted transdisciplinary applied research predicated on the Sustainable Development Goals – a collaboration among the disciplines of healthcare, sociology, psychology, urban planning, sustainable development, environmental engineering, and even art and poetry.
Identification of a Chemical Inhibitor with a Novel Scaffold Targeting Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-D-Ribose Oxidase (DprE1)
Authors: Matsunaga Tatsuki , Monobe Kohei , Aoki Shunsuke
Published: March 2023

Background:

Tuberculosis is the second leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide. Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis is spreading throughout the world, creating a crisis. Hence, there is a need to develop anti-tuberculosis drugs with novel structures and versatile mechanisms of action.

Objective:

In this study, we identified antimicrobial compounds with a novel skeleton that inhibits mycobacterium decaprenylphosphoryl-β-D-ribose oxidase (DprE1).

Methods:

A multi-step, in silico, structure-based drug screening identified potential DprE1 inhibitors from a library of 154,118 compounds. We experimentally verified the growth inhibitory effects of the eight selected candidate compounds against Mycobacterium smegmatis. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to understand the mechanism of molecular interactions between DprE1 and ompound 4.

Results:

Eight compounds were selected through in silico screening. Compound 4 showed strong growth inhibition against M. smegmatis. Molecular dynamics simulation (50 ns) predicted direct and stable binding of Compound 4 to the active site of DprE1.

Conclusion:

The structural analysis of the novel scaffold in Compound 4 can pave way for antituberculosis drug development and discovery.