bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
О роли польскоязычных сочинений иезуитов в православной литературе Речи Посполитой XVI–XVII вв.
Authors: КОРЗО МАРГАРИТА А.
Published: April 2019

The history of the works composed by Jesuits Fulvio Androzzi (1523–1575) and Marcin Śmiglecki (1563/1564–1618) and their translations into Church Slavonic as well as the so-called “prostaâ mova” are considered as an interesting example of the spread of Catholic works among adherents of Orthodoxy in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Androzzi’s Della frequenza della communione (1579) was originally an essay on the preparation for frequent communion. Its two Polish-language editions by Stanisław Grochowski (Scieszka poboznego chrześcianina, 1600) and Szymon Wysocki (Skarbnica duchowna, 1600) served as a source for a concise funerary sample-sermon written in “prostaâ mova” which is found in the Vilna’s Orthodox Ritual (1621). An essay on theological and legal aspects of money-lending (usury) by Marcin Śmiglecki (O lichwie i trzech przedniejszych kontraktach, 1596) was partly used for drawing up a treatise on moral theology Mir s Bogom čeloveku (1669) published in the Kiev Monastery of the Caves. Both sample-sermons and treatises on moral theology were new literary genres for Orthodox tradition; their origin in the 17th century can be associated with Catholic influences. In both cases, the question of a translator from Polish into Church Slavonic and “prostaâ mova” remains open.
О вербализации концепта «место кофепития» в русском и польском языках
Authors: СТРАСЬ ЭВА
Published: April 2019

The present paper is devoted to issues related to creating a universal concept of café in the mentality of Russian and Polish speakers. In this paper, it is descriptively presented as ‘a coffee-drinking place’. The results of the analysis do not allow for clearly establishing the name of this concept in the consciousness of Russian-language speakers. By contrast, in the mentality of Polish speakers, the discussed concept is included in the notion of “kawiarnia“ (i.e. ‘café’) and it is verbalised by the same word kawiarnia.
Транспозиция личных форм и синтаксическая синонимия на материале неопределенно-личных предложений в русском языке
Authors: HYE HYUN NAM
Published: April 2019

The present paper considers the transposition of grammatical forms as a source of semantic derivation and a mechanism of syntactic synonymy. In particular, the author deals with the transposition of third-person plural forms in indefinite-personal sentences as well as their limitations in syntactic synonymy. Third-person plural forms are characterized by a significant referential variety. According to the referential variation of third-person plural forms, indefinite-personal sentences create synonymous relations with definite-personal sentences, passive sentences and generalized personal sentences.
The word tapeinos in the New Testament and its rendition in Ukrainian translations
Authors: Levko Olexandr
Published: April 2019

The paper addresses the rendition of the words denoting humility in six Ukrainian biblical translations of the 19th and 20th centuries. The author outlines the evolution of the semantics of tapeinos in Ancient Greek, Bible Greek, and New Testament Greek, identifying its contextual meanings in the New Testament. It is established that Ukrainian translations of the 19th century tend to use smyrennyi ‘humble’ and smyrennia ‘humility’ (as well as the outdated smyrnyi ‘humble, mild’, smyrnota ‘humbleness’, and smyrnist ‘humility, mildness’) to render the positive and neutral semantics of tapeinos and its nominal derivatives, while the translations of the end of the 20th and the 21st centuries mostly rely on pokirnyi ‘submissive’ and its cognates pokirlyvyi ‘submissive’, pokora ‘submissiveness, obedience’, pokirnist ‘submission’, though in some cases they also use sumyrnyi ‘humble, peaceable’ and the corresponding noun sumyrnist ‘humility, humbleness’ (but not smyrennia). When used in the negative meaning, tapeinos is rendered in modern biblical translations by prynyzhenyi ‘humiliated’, ponyzhenyi ‘base’, upokorenyi ‘subdued’ (occasionally by smyrennyi), whereas the translations of the 19th century do not take into account the negative connotations of tapeinos, and therefore render it by smyrennyi.
The understanding of the body and movement in Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Cañas Patricia Moya
Published: April 2019

Abstract: The author seeks an explanation for Merleau-Ponty's expression "the body understands", to which a real value is applied: the objects of the world have a signification that the body grasps by way of perception. The analysis focuses on Merleau-Ponty's Phenomenology of perception and on notes from two of his courses, Le monde sensible et le monde de l'expression and La nature. In these works, there is a constant allusion to the I can as an underlying and grounding mode with regard to the I think. The French philosopher thus grants a central role to movement that demonstrates the interweaving of the body with the world.
Creolin® administered by different pathways in rats experimentally poisoned with Bothrops jararaca venom
Authors: Carvalho Lucas Rannier Ribeiro Antonino , Pereira Helder Camilo da Silva , Silva Hugo Thyares Fonseca Nascimento Pereira da , Lucena Ricardo Barbosa de , Guerra Ricardo Romão
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Creolin® when administered by different pathways in rats experimentally poisoned with Bothrops jararaca venom. In female Wistar rats, the Bothropic venom was inoculated intramuscularly, and then the rats were either treated with Creolin® (administered orally, topically, or intramuscularly), or with amixture of venom + Creolin® intramuscularly. Animals that received Creolin®, apart from the venom, by oral, topical, or intramuscular routes developed local symptoms and showed laboratory findings similar to those animals that received only the venom. Conversely, animals inoculated with the venom incubated with Creolin® showed no signs of local venom toxicity (necrosis or hemorrhage) and displayed hematological parameters within the normal range for the species. These results suggest that Creolin® exhibited an antiophidian effect only when it is mixed with the venom and administered intramuscularly.
Dual platelet antiaggregation therapy after myocardial revascularization surgery
Authors: Feitosa Mateus Paiva Marques , Soffiatti Carla David , Linhares Filho Jaime Paula Pessoa , Batista Daniel Valente , Lobo Filho Heraldo Guedis , Lima Eduardo Gomes , Serrano Júnior Carlos Vicente
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a consolidated treatment in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) for both symptom control and improvement of prognosis. The patency of venous grafts is still the most vulnerable point of the surgical treatment since it presents a high prevalence of occlusion both in the immediate postoperative period and in the long-term follow-up. Aspirin plays a well-established role in this setting, and for a long time, clopidogrel use has been restricted to patients allergic to aspirin. Recently, subgroup analyses of studies with different anti-platelet therapies have shown reduced mortality and cardiovascular events in patients on dual anti-platelet antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) undergoing CABG, although such studies have not been designed to evaluate this patient profile. However, there is still an insufficient number of randomized studies using DAPT in this context, resulting in a disagreement between the European and American cardiology societies guidelines regarding their indication and generating doubts in clinical practice.
Increased levels of plasma IL-1b and BDNF can predict resistant depression patients
Authors: Uint Luciana , Bastos Gisele Medeiros , Thurow Helena Strelow , Borges Jessica Bassani , Hirata Thiago Dominguez Crespo , França João Italo Dias , Hirata Mario Hiroyuki , Sousa Amanda Guerra de Moraes Rego
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: There is no strong evidence on the link between inflammatory profile and pattern of drug treatment response in depressive patients that could result in Coronary Artery Disease occurrence. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the subclinical atherosclerosis markers, inflammatory profile, and BDNF production in Resistant Depression (RD) or Bipolar Affective Disorder (BAD) patients under conventional treatment. METHODS: The population evaluated was comprised of 34 RD, 43 BAD, and 41 controls. Subclinical atherosclerosis markers were evaluated using ultrasonography, tomography, and exercise stress test. Plasma concentrations of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and BDNF were measured using Luminex100™. The usCRP concentration was measured using turbidimetric immunoassay. IL1B, IL6, and TNFA expression were determined using TaqMan®. For the statistical analysis, the significance level was established at p<0.05. RESULTS: Concerning subclinical atherosclerosis markers, only O2 consumption was reduced in the BAD group (p = 0.001). Although no differences were found in gene expression, BDNF and IL-1β plasma concentration was increased in the RD group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.005, respectively) even with an antidepressant treatment, which suggests that these drugs have no effect in IL-1β secretion and that the inflammasome may play a role in therapy response. CONCLUSION: Taken together, both BDNF and IL-1β plasma concentrations could be used to the early identification of RD patients.
Subtalar arthroscopic debridment for the treatment of sinus tarsi syndrome: case series
Authors: Mansur Nacime Salomão Barbachan , Baumfeld Tiago Soares , Lemos André Vitor Kerber Cavalcante , Azevedo Rafael Mohriak de , Fonseca Lucas Furtado da , Doering Juliana , Nery Caio Augusto Souza
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to report the results of arthroscopic debridement of the subtalar joint in eight patients with Sinus Tarsi Syndrome (STS) refractory to conservative treatment. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of eight patients with STS who underwent subtalar arthroscopy for debridement of the sinus tarsi between January 2015 and January 2017 after six months of conservative treatment. All patients answered an epidemiological questionnaire and underwent functional evaluation with the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS) and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS) in the preoperative and in the last evaluation (average of 12 months - 6-24 months). RESULTS: All patients showed severe synovitis in the region. Seven patients had remnants of the talocalcaneal ligaments and six of the cervical ligament. AOFAS increased by 30 points on average (51.75 in the preoperative period to 82.62 in the last follow-up) and the VAS decreased on average by 5 points (7.37 preoperatively to 2.12 in the last follow-up). These results were statistically significant with p = 0.043 and p = 0.032 respectively. Six patients described the result as excellent and two as good. No complications were reported. All patients returned to sports after six months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The arthroscopic debridement of the subtalar joint is an effective and safe alternative in the treatment of STS refractory to conservative treatment. More studies, with a prospective methodology, are necessary to prove the results of this technique.
Sleep disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome: influence of obesity and hyperandrogenism
Authors: Hachul Helena , Polesel Daniel N. , Tock Luciana , Carneiro Glaucia , Pereira Andrea Z. , Zanella Maria Teresa , Tufik Sergio , Togeiro Sônia M.
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the sleep of subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with and without hyperandrogenism, in comparison with a healthy control group and examine the effects of hyperandrogenism and obesity on sleep parameters. METHODS: A total of 44 volunteers were recruited to participate in the study. Clinical, biochemical and polysomnographic parameters were used to diagnose PCOS and hyperandrogenism. The evaluation of sleep quality was made using validated questionnaires and polysomnography test. The frequency of obstructive sleep apnea was also compared between the groups. RESULTS: The study revealed that women with PCOS presented poorer subjective sleep quality, increased incidence of snoring and a higher risk of obstructive sleep apnea, based on the Berlin questionnaire. Also, after adjusting for body mass index, PCOS subjects had rapid eye movement (REM) time lower than those in the control group. PCOS women versus those without hyperandrogenism did not differ on any sleep measurement. Women with obstructive sleep apnea were only diagnosed in the PCOS group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that PCOS impairs subjective sleep quality, as well as objective sleep quality, due to a reduction in REM sleep stage time in women diagnosed with the syndrome. Obesity affected sleep-related parameters but hyperandrogenism had no effect. Only the PCOS group had obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis.
Gravity of the non-authorized use of substances not intended for clinical use in invasive aesthetic procedures: the portuguese case
Authors: Fradinho Nuno Correia Louro , Correia Pedro Miguel Alves Ribeiro
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: There is a worldwide increase in the number of invasive aesthetic procedures, and there is a general apprehension in medical societies towards the assurance of patient safety, that is dependent on the quality and certification of providers, of the materials and substances used, and where they take place. It is the main objective of this study to determine the perception of the gravity of non-authorized substances for clinical use in invasive aesthetic procedures among Portuguese plastic surgeons and its variation by the clinical sector of practice. METHODS: We proceeded to an inquiry by using a questionnaire, measured in a Linkert scale, and the collected data were statistically treated with a non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: We obtained a 41,4% answer rate and a global perception that this is a serious problem – a median of 8,00 and mean of 7,45 points on a 1 to 10 scale. 70% of the plastic surgeons that answered the questionnaire work both in the private and public sector, 19% exclusively in the public sector and 11% only in private practice. The perception of the problem was most serious among those that work exclusively in the private sector (statistically significant difference). CONCLUSION: The causes of the observed difference may reside in various reasons: the higher number of patients submitted to invasive aesthetic procedures exclusively in private practice; the higher perception of regulatory deficits in the private sector; scarce specific health politics for procedures outside the traditional boundaries of medicine; the difficulty for independent regulatory agencies to adopt effective measures.
Violence and sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy
Authors: Teixeira Sérgio Araujo Martins , Taquette Stella R. , Monteiro Denise Leite Maia
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the knowledge produced in studies about the association between violence and STI during pregnancy. METHODS: In this systematic review, we conducted basic activities of identification, compilation, and registration of the trials. The instruments of data collection were studies that investigated, explicitly, relationships between violence, gestation, and STI, from July 2012 to July 2017, using PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO, and LILACS. RESULTS: In all, 26 articles were chosen to form the basis of the analysis of this study. The relationship between violence and STI was observed in 22 of the 26 studies, and in eight of them, the violence was practiced during the gestation period. In two studies, there was no evidence of this relationship. In one study, the lack of care for STI was attributed to the unpreparedness of health professionals. Mental disorders were cited as resulting from STI in three articles and in another as a result of violence. One study found more frequent violence against adolescents, while two others cited gestation as a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS: IPV combines characteristics that have a different expression when the woman is in the gestational period. The literature points to a relationship between IPV against women and the presence of STI. The monitoring of pregnancy, whether in the prenatal or postpartum period, offers unique opportunities for the health professional to identify situations of violence and thus provide assistance.
THE PERFORMATIVE POWER OF IDEAS: JEFFREY ALEXANDER AS AN ICONIC INTELLECTUAL
Authors: McCormick Lisa
Published: April 2019

Abstract This paper considers Jeffrey Alexander's role in the past, present and future of the strong program in cultural sociology. The central argument is that Alexander is becoming an iconic intellectual, but that the process is not yet complete. Drawing on first-hand observations gathered through my long-term affiliation with the "Alexander group", I trace the development of Alexander's social authority and intellectual influence through the establishment, institutionalization and globalization of the strong program. Descriptions of his charismatic intellectual performances provide further insight into iconization. The conclusion identifies some of the challenges that must be overcome for further theoretical development of the strong program, and the conditions that must be met for Alexander's iconization to reach completion.
Effect of soil saturation on load transfer in a pile excited by pure vertical vibration
Authors: Fattah Mohammed Y. , Zbar Bushra S. , Mustafa Faris S.
Published: April 2019

A comparison between the resistance capacity of a single pile excited by two opposite rotary machines embedded in dry and saturated sandy soil was considered experimentally. A small-scale physical model was manufactured to accomplish the experimental work in the laboratory. The physical model consists of: two small motors supplied with eccentric mass 0·012 kg and eccentric distance 20 mm representing the two opposite rotary machines, an aluminum shaft with 20 mm in diameter as the pile, and a steel plate with dimensions of (160 × 160 × 20 mm) as a pile cap. The experimental work was achieved taking the following parameters into consideration, pile embedment depth ratio (L/d; length to diameter) and operating frequency of the rotary machines. Twenty four tests were conducted in medium dense fine sandy soil with 60% relative density. The results revealed that in dry soil during machine operation the pile tip load decreased for all (L/d) ratios and operating frequencies due to mobilizing the skin friction resistance. Whereas in saturated soil, for small (L/d) ratio and low operating frequency, the mobilized skin friction was affected by the presence of water, which works as a lubricant leading to increase the pile tip load.
Mortality in IgA Nephropathy: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Jarrick Simon , Lundberg Sigrid , Welander Adina , Carrero Juan-Jesus , Höijer Jonas , Bottai Matteo , Ludvigsson Jonas F.
Published: April 2019

Significance Statement

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) has a clinical course that varies from asymptomatic nonprogressive to aggressive disease. However, few studies have investigated mortality in IgAN, and most of those that have done so lacked matched controls, did not report absolute risks, and had limited generalizability. In this nationwide cohort study in Sweden, the authors compared 3622 patients with IgAN with 18,041 matched general population controls, finding a 53% relative increase in mortality and a modest increase in absolute death rate, with one extra death per 310 person-years. On average, patients with IgAN died 6 years earlier than people without the disease. Excess mortality appeared to be limited to individuals with IgAN that had progressed to ESRD. These findings may have relevance to patient communication and policy development.

Background

The clinical course of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) varies from asymptomatic nonprogressive to aggressive disease, with up to one in four patients manifesting ESRD within 20 years of diagnosis. Although some studies have suggested that mortality appears to be increased in IgAN, such studies lacked matched controls and did not report absolute risk.

Methods

We conducted a population-based cohort study in Sweden, involving patients with biopsy-verified IgAN diagnosed in 1974–2011; main outcome measures were death and ESRD. Using data from three national registers, we linked 3622 patients with IgAN with 18,041 matched controls; we also conducted a sibling analysis using 2773 patients with IgAN with 6210 siblings and a spousal analysis that included 2234 pairs.

Results

During a median follow-up of 13.6 years, 577 (1.1%) patients with IgAN died (10.67 per 1000 person-years) compared with 2066 deaths (0.7%) in the reference population during a median follow-up of 14.1 years (7.45 per 1000 person-years). This corresponded to a 1.53-fold increased risk and an absolute excess mortality of 3.23 per 1000 person-years (equaling one extra death per 310 person-years) and a 6-year reduction in median life expectancy. Similar increases in risk were seen in comparisons with siblings and spouses. IgAN was associated with one extra case of ESRD per 54 person-years. Mortality preceding ESRD was not significantly increased compared with controls, spouses, or siblings. Overall mortality did not differ significantly between patients with IgAN-associated ESRD and patients with ESRD from other causes.

Conclusions

Patients with IgAN have an increased mortality compared with matched controls, with one extra death per 310 person-years and a 6-year reduction in life expectancy.
De la crisis estructural del patrón de poder mundial, colonial, moderno y capitalista hacia la solidaridad económica y los buenos vivires en América Latina
Authors: Marañón Boris
Published: April 2019

Propósito: el presente artículo busca orientar pensamientos y prácticas solidarias desde una perspectiva que trascienda lo económico y lo ético. Descripción: incluyendo no sólo las relaciones de poder que sustentan la vida en la sociedad capitalista sino también la necesidad de tomar consciencia de que estamos ante un dramático cambio de “época”, ya que tanto los proyectos del Progreso-Desarrollo como el de la Modernidad atraviesan crisis irreversibles y lo que debemos cuidar es la Vida. Punto de vista: en este sentido se plantea el concepto de Solidaridad económica que permite, desde una perspectiva de diversidad económica y cultural, incluir a todas las prácticas inspiradas en racionalidades liberadoras y solidarias, más allá de la adscripción que puedan tener a determinadas corrientes éticas, políticas y culturales o a específicas formas institucionales, que se basan en la reciprocidad, la desmercantilización y el autogobierno, asociadas a un nuevo horizonte: el Buen Vivir o Buenos Vivires orientados hacia la descolonialidad. Conclusiones: se debe advertir que la lucha por una sociedad alternativa no sólo es una lucha económica y ética sino que la crisis estructural actual abarca a toda una forma histórica de convivencia humana, a todo el conjunto del patrón de poder colonial-moderno y capitalista.
Buen vivir, economías solidarias y universidades públicas en Perú
Authors: Montoya-Canchis Luis
Published: April 2019

Propósito: el trabajo expone la experiencia del Seminario de Economía Social, Solidaria y Popular de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, de Perú. Descripción: asumir el desafío de refundar las universidades e imaginar nuevos programas de acción universitario exige cuestionar la imposición de la estructura de saber eurocéntrico a fin de apuntar hacia su descolonización y por ello a la promoción de diálogos entre el saber científico y humanístico, así como con los saberes legos, populares, tradicionales, urbanos, de culturas no occidentales. Punto de vista: superar la división académica por disciplinas para proponer una estructuración ínter y transdisciplinaria así como lograr que la formación profesional y de investigación dirigida a atender las demandas de la sociedad capitalista y la administración pública funcional a la misma;  por otra orientada al Buen vivir, las economías solidarias, la socialización y descolonización del saber y las relaciones de poder supone un gran reto. Conclusiones: a través de este recorrido se pretende desenvolver un diálogo de saberes sobre las economías sociales, solidarias, populares, comunitarias, así como experiencias de intervención y procesos de incidencia en el ámbito universitario.
Darío Mesa Chica, (2014), Miguel Antonio Caro: el intelectual y el político
Authors: Ladino - Orjuela Wilson Hernando
Published: April 2019

El libro es producto de un trabajo de recopilación y transcripción de archivos magnetofónicos y fue revisado por el profesor Darío Mesa Chica. Su contenido se desagrega en seis capítulos así: Contexto social y político colombiano del siglo XIX; El pensamiento de Caro sobre la moneda; Fuentes y rasgos característicos de la personalidad intelectual de Caro; Caro pensador y hombre de acción; Pensamiento político de Miguel Antonio Caro; Anotaciones complementarias a las exposiciones de varios participantes, bibliografía e índice de materias. Las seis lecciones que presenta el texto tienen, para los estudiosos de las ciencias sociales en América Latina, un conjunto de valores, que deben ser destacados.
Cooperativismo y justicia social para el postconflicto: una integración desde la economía solidaria para la generación de espacio de paz desde las regiones
Authors: Doria Orozco Teddy
Published: April 2019

Propósito: se busca dar respuesta a las preguntas: ¿Cómo el Cooperativismo y la justicia social pueden hacer parte del postconflicto? Y ¿Cómo la integración desde la economía solidaria sirve para la generación de espacio de paz desde las regiones? Descripción: a fin de dar respuesta al presente interrogante se realiza un breve abordaje histórico del cooperativismo en Colombia, analizando el desarrollo de la economía solidaria en Colombia con un enfoque de postconflicto y la generación de espacio de paz desde las regiones. Punto de vista:  en el proceso de construcción de una paz estable y duradera desde las regiones, es necesario mirar las ventajas del Cooperativismo y justicia social, dado que permite fortalecer la trama social, a través de consolidación de experiencias con la práctica de los valores y principios de sector solidario quienes dan la pauta en la integración de las regiones, siendo esto el sustrato ejemplarizante respondiendo a la reinserción social, la reconciliación y el progreso de aquellos que más lo necesitan. Conclusiones: se concluye que, las buenas prácticas de los valores y principios de sector solidario marcan un punto de referencia en integración de las regiones, contribuyen a la reinserción social, la reconciliación y el progreso social.
Sedimentary Environment of a Modern Carbonate Platform of Karimunjawa Islands, Central Java
Authors: Solihuddin Tubagus , Utami Dwi Amanda , Salim Hadiwijaya Lesmana , Prihantono Joko
Published: April 2019

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.6.1.57-72Sitting in a biodiversity “hotspot” of the mid-Sunda Shelf region, Karimunjawa Islands have currently been the priority for marine biodiversity conservation. Knowledge of surface sediments on modern carbonate platform is one of essential information to support conservation policies, but such has received little attention from reef researchers. This study describes the sediment characteristics of the selected modern carbonate platforms of Karimunjawa Islands through integrated sediments and satellite data analysis. Textural group of sediments indicates that moderate to poorly sorted gravelly sands are dominant with no grading pattern concerning geomorphological and habitat succession from landward to seaward. Sediment compositions are predominantly bioclastic components, comprising coral and mollusks as the highest and the second highest estimated order of abundance. The reworked grains and rock fragments, although present, are not volumentary abundant. The carbonate sedimentary facies is primarily composed of mud-lean packstone with additional proportion of grainstone and packstone. There are only slight distinct sedimentological characteristics for all benthic habitats as shown by the principal component analysis revealing overlap relationship between sediment parameters and benthic habitats. The study provides the first characterization of sediments which operate on the modern carbonate platform of Karimunjawa Islands along with their controlling factors and specialized nature.
Modeling of Laparoscopic Forceps with Sensing
Authors: Goryacheva I. G. , Dosaev M. Z. , Elyutskiy Yu. D. , Yakovenko A. A. , Yeh C.-H. , Su F.-C.
Published: April 2019

Progress of minimally invasive surgery stimulates the development of sensory techniques. The present study is related with creation of a mechatronic clamping laparoscopic device (forceps) that allows transferring tactile sensations from the jaws of the clamp to the handles of the master manipulator operated by surgeon. The user presses the handles of the manipulator. The change in the angle between the handles is synchronized with the change in the angle between the jaws of the forceps (slave link) that grasps the soft tissue. The contact load is identified based on the voltage applied to the electric motor connected to the forceps and then transferred to the control unit. This control unit adjusts the operating frequency of the piezoelectric actuator in such a way as to generate a force corresponding to the measured load. This force is applied to handles of the manipulator. It creates a moment in the handle, which is felt by the user. Thus, the system provides the tactile feedback. In order to describe the dynamics of the piezoelectric actuator, a finite-dimensional empirical model is used. In order to describe the dependence of the moment, with which the soft tissue acts upon the jaws of forceps, on the span angle between the forceps, a mathematical model is proposed. This model takes into account the properties of the soft tissue (which is assumed elastic) and geometry of the surface of forceps jaws. An algorithm for identification of the moment acting from the tissue on the forceps is proposed. Numerical simulation of dynamics of the system is performed. The results of calculations confirm the efficiency of the algorithm for identifying the moment created by tissue.
Examining Principles of Sustainability in Streets of Sulaimani City Center towards Achieving Sustainable Urban City
Authors: Al-Obeidy Musaab , Dabdoob Rawia , Sedeeq Omeed
Published: April 2019

The concept of urban space is associated with society’s needs and behaviors. Since street is the first element of urban form space which defines the old city, it has been used for as multi-functional spaces to include gathering, meeting, shopping, work and enjoyment. However, regarding rapid development and changing in people needs, the street lose some of their functional and urban characteristics. Hence, this affect the street on being sustainable urban space. Accordingly, this paper examines the principles of sustainable urban place with eight factors: connectivity, accessibility, diversity and mixed land-use, attractiveness, comfort, safety, social environment, and liveliness. This fulfilled by conducting people’s opinions on these sustainable factors. The aim of this research is to make Sulaymaniyah city center a sustainable urban city. The research selected (5) main streets in Sulaimani city center as a case study including Mawlawi Street, Kawa Street, Saboonkaran Street, Goran Street (Orezdi), and Piramerd Street. The study employed 240 questionnaire Surveys that analyzed quantitatively using SPSS software. Besides, 20 interviews with lectures and professional architects that analyzed qualitatively. In addition, the study uses direct observation and photography techniques. The study concludes that it is difficult to consider Sulaimani City Center a sustainable urban city because it does not meet the principles of sustainability efficiently.
The Organic Architecture as a Democratic Architecture Duhok City as a Case Study
Authors: Farha Rana , Tayib Prof. Dr. Abdullah
Published: April 2019

The concept of democracy is old as a term and as an application to the Greek era . Recently, the democracy entered into the developing societies, and affected in all fields , The societies differed in the extent of understanding of the concept in an integrated manner, which was reflected in the application in these societies. The applications of the concept in architecture varied among projects whose designers realized the concept and tried to apply it regardless of the nature of perception, which was directly reflected in the method of application in the practical reality of architecture, ranging from deep understanding and real democratic architecture and others characterized by superficial perception and superficial democratic architecture projects . And other projects characterized by its architecture as a democratic and spontaneous and built without the awareness that the basis of that architecture is very close to the democratic concept, (organic architecture) in this study. The research focuses on this architecture and the extent to which its characteristics correspond to the characteristics of the democratic concept in general and in the city of Dohuk in particular and within the residential sector. These concepts will be compared and applied in areas that represented the architecture of the organic architecture that was built before the entry of democracy into the region and other areas. And other areas were established after the entry of democracy in the province of Dohuk in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Planning Systems Capability to Discover the Performance Efficiency of Urban Layouts A Study on the Synthetic Characteristics of the Urban Space Planning
Authors: Al-Khafaji Moumal
Published: April 2019

ان واحدة من اھم مشاكل التخطیط الحضري ھي قدرة منظومات التخطیط على كشف كفاءة اداء المخططات الحضریة وتوقعات المستقبل وردود فعل البیئة المبنیة على نتائج تنفیذ المخططات المقترحة ومع وجود العدید من المناھج التحلیلیة للكشف عن خصائص الفضاءات الحضري بات من المھم تحدید واختیار ما ھو الانسب .ھناك العدید من وسائل التعبیر ومناھج التحلیلیة لوصف وتحلیل ظاھرة الفضاء الحضري وكیفیة تطویره منھا المناھج التحلیلیة الوصفیة التي قد تكون مفیدة للاطلاع والمعرفة العامة إلا إنھا قد لا تمتلك الكفاءة الضروریة للكشف عن مقومات وخصائص النسیج الحضري ومن ثم الاعتماد علیھا لوضع المؤشرات التخطیطیة واتخاذ القرارات السلیمة. ومنھا أیضا المناھج العلمیة التركیبیة التي تستند على طیف من النظریات التخطیطیة الرصینة والتي یمكن استثمارھا لتحلیل النسیج الحضري. یفترض البحث ان المناھج التركیبیة ھي تلك المناھج الاكثر ملائمة لتقیيم كفاءة اداء المدن والمخططات الحضریة .
Acupressure has not an analgesic effect in patients with renal colic: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bolvardi Ehsan , Zarmehri Bahram , Mousavi Bazzaz Seyed Mojtaba , Khorsand Vakilzadeh Ali , Foroughian Mahdi , Hoseini Faegh Hasan , Mehramiz Neema John
Published: April 2019

BackgroundEasing renal colic (RC) pain is of the most important issues in the emergency departments. This study was conducted to investigate the analgesic effects of intravenous paracetamol in comparison to acupressure and intramuscular diclofenac in patients with RC.MethodsThis randomized clinical trial was conducted on 96 eligible patients with RC, visiting the Emergency Department of Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. The participants were selected by consecutive non-random sampling method, and were randomized in three groups, each comprising of 32 participants. The first and second groups received 75 mg intramuscular diclofenac and 1g intravenous paracetamol, respectively. In the third group, three acupressure points were manually stimulated for six minutes. The pain score was measured by Visual Analog Scale for pain at baseline and after 10, 30, and 60 minutes. Collected information analyses by SPSS version 20 and interpreted using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage) and inferential statistics (chi-square test).ResultsThe mean age was 31.60 ± 7.42 years (range:18-50). The two methods (diclofenac and paracetamol groups) were significantly better in pain reduction compared to acupressure after 10 minutes (p<0.001). Ninety four percent of participants in diclofenac group, 87% of paracetamol group and none of acupressure group were completely satisfied with their treatment method (p<0.001).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that acupressure did not effectively reduces renal colic pain. It seems that contrary to acupressure, intravenous paracetamol is a safe and effective analgesic medicine for patients with RC.
Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant staphylococci among apparently healthy students
Authors: Ogefere Helen Oroboghae , Ogunleye Lawrence Ayodele
Published: April 2019

BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus are widely considered a major factor of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. This work was aimed at determining the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) among apparently healthy students. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 400 nasal swab samples randomly collected from students using sterile swab sticks and processed to recover S. aureus using standard microbiological techniques. Conventional methods were used to identify the isolates and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to performance standards of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Methicillin-resistance was detected phenotypically using cefoxitin 30µg discs. Bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction was done on cefoxitin-resistant staphylococci isolates only using ZymoResearch (ZR) fungal/bacterial DNA MiniPrepTM kit. A polymerase chain reaction assay targeting the 16S rRNA, nuc, and mecA genes on 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis stained with ethidium bromide was used to identify S.aureus and detect methicillin resistance. ResultsThe overall prevalence of MRSA was 5.8% using phenotypic methods. PCR amplification of the 23 phenotypically confirmed MRSA using 16S rRNA and nuc genes identified staphylococci 23/23(100%) and S. aureus 23/23(100%) at band size 886bp and 225bp respectively. However, 16(69.6%) were positive for mecA gene at band size 532bp by PCR method. Poor level of susceptibility was recorded among the MRSA namely to erythromycin (26.6%), cloxacillin (0%), augmentin (0%), cefuroxime (0%), ceftriaxone (0%) and ceftazidime (0%). Ofloxacin was the most effective antibiotic (60.9%). ConclusionActive antimicrobial surveillance of pathogenic staphylococci is important to analyze the infections and transmission rate for possible control measures.
CD10 expression in gastric carcinoma is correlated with tumor grade and survival
Authors: Jafarian Amir Hosein , Kooshki Forooshani Melika , Takallou Leila , Mohamadian Roshan Nema
Published: April 2019

BackgroundGastric carcinoma (GC) is the most common non-skin malignancy in Iranian men and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Invasion and metastasis are considered as the major causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Proteinases such as matrix metalloproteinases play an important role in tumor progression and mediating extracellular matrix remodeling. CD10 is a 90-110kd cell surface zinc-dependent metalloproteinase and there is evidence that this membrane protein may facilitate invasion and/or metastasis of tumoral cells. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of CD10 expression in the stromal cells of GC and determine its relationship with survival and clinicopathological factors. MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed involving 50 patients with histopathologic diagnosis of GC. CD10 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Survival of the patients as well as the grade and stage of the tumors and demographic variables were documented. The Kaplan-Meier test was used for data analysis.ResultsStromal CD10 was detected in 46% of the GC stromal cells. No immunoreactivity was identified in the stromal cells of normal adjacent tissue. Stromal CD10 expression in gastric carcinoma did not correlate with the age and gender of the cases as well as the size and location of the tumor, and lymph node involvement but correlated with tumor stage (p=0.01), tumor grade(p=0.01) and patients’ survival (p=0.02). ConclusionStromal CD10 expression is correlated with tumor differentiation, clinical stage and survival in GC. CD10 expression could be considered as a negative prognostic factor for gastric carcinoma.
A comparison of cervical cancer screening methods: pap smear, liquid based cytology and VIA VILI
Authors: Jeyakumar Abinaya Maathuri , Mohanapu Swarnalatha
Published: April 2019

Background: There are multiple screening methods available for screening cervical cancer with their advantages and disadvantages, researches that compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of these tests in a low-cost setting specific to a geographical area is lacking and has to be enhanced. The objective of this study was to determine and compare the agreement, sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of conventional Pap smear cytology, liquid-based cytology and VIA/VILI with cervix biopsy.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on women of >35 years of age. Pap smear specimen was collected followed by Liquid Base Cytology (LBC) using cytobrush specimen after which visual inspection with 5% acetic acid (VIA) and visual inspection with Lugol’s Iodine (VILI) procedure was carried out and followed by cervix biopsy. All methods were analyzed for accuracy.Results: Sensitivity was lowest for PAP smear (39.1%, 95% CI 19.18% to 59.1%), followed by VIA VILI (95.7%, 95% CI 87.32% to 100%), and highest for LBC (100.0%). The negative predictive value was lowest for PAP smear (87.4%, 95% CI 81.21% to 93.6%), followed by VIA VILI (99.0%, 95% CI 96.99% to 100.0%) and highest for LBC (100%). The overall diagnostic accuracy was lowest for PAP smear (88.3%) followed by VIA/VILLI (99.2%) and highest for LBC (100%).Conclusions: Treatment decisions based on findings of the PAP smear have to be taken with caution, considering the lower sensitivity. Wherever resources are available more accurate screening methods like liquid-based cytology must be used.
Obstetrical and perinatal outcome in adolescent pregnancy: a retrospective study at a tertiary care center in rural India
Authors: Shruthi Arpitha , S. R. Sheela , Kesani Vishnu Priya
Published: April 2019

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a serious health and social problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the obstetrical and perinatal outcomes of nulliparous adolescent pregnancies in a tertiary care centre in rural India.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted between April 2017 and March 2018.Adolescent primigravidae completing 28 weeks of gestation with singleton pregnancy were included in the study group. Primigravidae aged between 20 and 25 years were taken as a control group. The factors under study included obstetric complications and neonatal outcomes. The association was considered significant at P-value <0.05.Results: 450 women were included in the study group and 460 to the control group. The incidence of adolescent pregnancy was 18.3% during the study period. The adolescent mothers had a significantly higher incidence of preeclampsia (12.8 % vs 8.4 %; p = 0.03), eclampsia (3.5% vs 1.5%; p = 0.01), preterm delivery (18.6% vs 10.8%; p = 0.0009), low birth weight (39.1 % vs 24.2 %; p = 0.00001),very low birth weight babies (13.7 % vs 8.7 %; p = 0.01) compared to control group. There was higher proportion of NICU admissions in adolescent group (20.8% vs 12.3 %; p = 0.0005) compared to control group. No significant difference was found regarding postpartum complications and still birth.Conclusions: Adolescent pregnancy is associated with poorer feto-maternal outcomes. Regular antenatal visits, adequate nutritional supplementation and early detection of high-risk factors may contribute in decreasing the obstetric risk of childbirth in adolescent mothers.
Application of PHAST software in methane emission factor for startup process of gas compressors (Case study: Iran gas transmission operation district 2)
Authors: Shahpari Abdolrasoul , Aminsharei Farham , Ghashang Majid
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Today, due to the discussion of carbon management as well as the reduction of greenhouse gases and national and international commit-ments involved in this regard such as the Six Development Plan (2016-2020) and climate change convention it, is necessary to calculate and manage all industrial processes that lead to the greenhouse gases emission. Methane is the main ingredient of natural gas, which its potential for global warming is 25 times more than carbon dioxide. Approximately a third of these emissions are in the different sections of oil production and processing, transferring and storing of natural gas.
 
Materials and methods: The present study has been done to calculate the amount of methane emission to the atmosphere by startup of Siemens gas compressors in Iran gas transmission operation district 2. In this study, op-erational information of 25 Siemens gas Turbo compressors related to six gas transmission stations collected and with modeling conditions in PHAST, the amount of methane emission has been determined.
 
Results: According to the obtained data, in 2018 this district has released 140/870 tons of methane gas to the atmosphere due to the above-mentioned process. The methane emission factor for Type C compressor is 241/15 kg, for type D compressor is 341/35 kg and this factor for type E compressor is 375/48 kg.
 
Conclusion: The release rate obtained for each type of the C, D and E com-pressors can be used to calculate the emissions of all SIEMENS 10MV2A gas compressors of the same model in Iran.
The effect of wind direction on dust transfer toward the Persian Gulf
Authors: Hassan Elham Mobarak , Fatahi Ebrahim , Khan Mahnaz Karim , Noori Faezeh
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Dust is a natural process in desert areas, which is caused by the effect of strong winds on the surface of the soil. The aim of this study is to investigate the conditions of the formation and expanding the dust storm formed in Iraq to the Khuzestan province in February, 2017.
 
Materials and methods: The synoptic analysis was conducted using meteo-rological parameters from ERA-interim and observation data from the Ahwaz station. In addition, the EUMETSAT image, the DREAM and the HYSPLIT model output were used.
 
Results: As the results show, regarding to the storm, dust in low- pressure area located over Iran is expanded toward the west associated with the tough 500 hPa . With the formation of the high-pressure area in Syria, a pressure gradient is formed in Iraq resulting the northwest wind with the wind speed of 28 knots s (14 m/s) in 925 hPa. These conditions have led to transport the dust from Iraq toward southwest of Iran. A jet stream is formed 12 h before entering the dust from Iraq to Iran, at 900 hPa. The HYSPLIT model predicts the particle’s motion along the northwest winds, and is matched with the wind field in synoptic structure.
 
Conclusion: According to this study, the most important factors in dust trans-port to the Persian Gulf are geographic location of the low- and high-pressure area and the formed northwest winds in Iraq.
A documentação participativa: o caso das línguasParesi- Haliti e Enawene Nawe
Authors: Brandão Ana Paula , Zezokiware Jurandir
Published: April 2019

As línguas Paresi e Enawene Nawe, pertencentes à família Aruák, são faladas no Estado do Mato Grosso. O objetivo do artigo é contribuir com as reflexões sobre a documentação participativa, a partir da apresentação de experiências com a documentação das línguas Paresi e Enawene Nawe. A documentação da língua Paresi ocorreu entre os anos de2006 e 2015, enquanto a documentação da língua Enawene Nawe é bem recente, começou em janeiro de 2018. O artigo apresenta uma metodologia que envolve os falantes das línguas em todas as etapas do trabalho. Além de apresentara perspectiva deum pesquisador indígena Paresi, que é co-autor do artigo, com relação ao trabalho em sua comunidade e na comunidade Enawene Nawe.