bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The parp-1 and bax genes as potential targets for treatment of the heart functioning impairments induced by type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kuchmerovska Tamara , Guzyk Mykhailo , Tykhonenko Tetiana , Yanitska Lesya , Pryvrotska Irina , Diakun Kateryna
Published: May 2021

Objectives. The present study was designed to assess whether apoptosis-related genes as parp-1 and bax could be targets for treatment of diabetes mellitus and whether vitamin D may exert beneficial effects.

Methods. Vitamin D3 treatment for 4 weeks, starting after 4 weeks of the diabetes duration. The expression of parp-1 and bax genes was estimated on mRNA levels using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results. After 8 weeks, diabetic rats had weight loss, while blood glucose was increased about 4.9-fold compared to control group. Vitamin D3 administration to diabetic animals had no effect on these parameters. It was found that total serum alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly elevated in diabetic rats as compared to control animals and was restored by vitamin D3. Diabetes was accompanied by reduction of nicotinamidadenindinucleotide, a substrate of poly-ADP-ribosylation, level by 31.7% as compared to control rats, which was not reversed in response to vitamin D3 treatment. In diabetic hearts, the mRNA expression level of parp-1 gene was 2.8-fold higher compared to control rats and partially decreased by vitamin D3 treatment. Less significant alterations were observed in diabetic hearts for the mRNA expression level of bax gene that was 2.0-fold higher compared to control animals and vitamin D3 normalized it. These results indicate that cardiomyocytes have a tendency to apoptosis.

Conclusions. The findings suggest that investigated genes can be targets at the transcriptional level for vitamin D action that may be contributed to the improving metabolic/signaling pathways induced by diabetes mellitus.
Ego and Self in Gestalt Theory
Authors: Stemberger Gerhard
Published: May 2021

The paper presents basic Gestalt theoretical concepts of ego and self. They differ from other concepts in the way that they do not comprehend ego and self as fixed entities or as central controlling instances of the psyche, but as one specific organized unit in a psychological field in dynamic interrelation with the other organized units—the environment units—of this field. On this theme, well-known representatives of Gestalt theory have presented some general and special theories since the early days of this approach that could partly be substantiated experimentally. They illuminate the relationship between ego and world in everyday life as well as in the case of mental disorders. Not only the spatial extension of the phenomenal ego is subject to situational changes, but also its place in the world, its functional fitting in this world, its internal differentiation, its permeability to the environment, and much more. The German Gestalt psychologist Wolfgang Metzger emphasizes the significant functional role that this dynamic plasticity of the phenomenal world and its continuously changing segregation of ego and environment have for human life by designating the phenomenal world as a “Central Steering Mechanism.” In this article, ego and self as part of this field in their interrelation with the total psychological field will be illuminated from the perspective of the thinking of the Gestalt psychologists Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, Wolfgang Köhler, Kurt Lewin, Wolfgang Metzger, Mary Henle, Edwin Rausch, and Giuseppe Galli.
Environmental History of Rice Plantations in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire Between the 15th And 19th Centuries and Its Potential for Climate Research
Authors: Sert Özlem
Published: May 2021

Historians readily discuss the effect of climate change on the 21stcentury, but Ottomanists rarely reference palaeoclimatology data. This research compares palaeoclimatological data with documentary evidence from institutionalized rice plantations in the Ottoman Empire. Between the 15thand 19thcenturies, the empire employed a group of experts for the cultivation of rice in the vast region between the Tigris and the Danube. Extensive registers exist from this period in archives that give documentary evidence about the organization of plantations, yields, prices and destructive floods. The objective of the study, as presented in this article, is to find rice-related phenological data in Ottoman Archive registers. It utilizes a comparative analysis of the Old World Drought Atlas (OWDA) summer precipitation data reconstructed by Cook et al. (2015), temperature changes, documentary evidence about seasonal extremes and archival evidence. The comparison shows that palaeoclimatology proxies are important sources of information regarding changes in rice cultivation. It also indicates that the Ottoman archive is a valuable source of possible phenological data. Thus, research sources from nature and societies complement one another. The comparison also demonstrates that climate change during the Ottoman Empire’s reign showed regional differences, and a local comparison of phenological data and palaeoclimatological data can explain more about the effects of the Little Ice Age (LIA) on the empire.
Detailed procedure for outdoor measurement of raindrop size distribution using photogrammetry
Authors: Abdollahi Zahra , Sadeghi Seyed Hamidreza , Darvishan Abdulvahed Khaledi
Published: May 2021

Kinetic energy and corresponding erosive force of rainfall are strongly influenced by raindrop. The present paper aims to explore the raindrop size variation during rainfall events with different intensities in northern Iran by applying the processes of camera-taken photographs. Five rainfall intensities of 1 to 10 mm h–1 that occur frequently in the study area were analyzed. A camera with a very short exposure time was used to record the distribution of raindrops size. The raindrops diameters of the rain events ranged from <0.2 to 5.1 mm while the majority of them were between 1 and 2 mm. The results also showed that the variation of rainfall intensity significantly influenced (P< 0.05) raindrops size. Image processing was proven as an accurate technique of translation between the human visual system and digital imaging devices. The findings of the study can be practically utilized by researchers who work in the field of soil erosion and meteorology.
Potential Application of CO2 for Enhanced Condensate Recovery Combined with Geological Storage in the Depleted Gas-Condensate Reservoirs
Authors: Burachok Oleksandr , Nistor Mariana Laura , Sosio Giovanni , Kondrat Oleksandr , Matkivskyi Serhii
Published: May 2021

CO2 emissions are considered to be the main contributor to global warming and climate change. One of the ways reducing the emissions to atmosphere is a proper capture and further geological storage of the carbon dioxide. In the oil industry, CO2 is used as one of the injection agents to displace oil and enhance its recovery. Due to the low multi-contact miscibility pressure between CO2 and hydrocarbons, fully miscible condition is quickly reached, leading to efficient displacement and high recovery factors. The utilization of the depleted gas fields for CO2 storage, however, is considered as the option that is more expensive compared to oil field, since the enhanced recovery of gas with CO2 is not effective. For this reason, our study considers the potential use of CO2 EOR in depleted gas-condensate fields. This potential is evaluated by performing numerical simulations for the typical-size gascondensate reservoirs with no active aquifer, in order to estimate both the storage efficiency and the additional oil recovery from condensed C5+ hydrocarbon fractions, that otherwise will be never recovered and lost in the reservoir. Obtained results indicate significant potential for CO2 storage and additional condensate recovery from the typical gas-condensate field of Eastern Ukraine.
Barriers to Knowledge Sharing in the Field of Information Security
Authors: Żywiołek Justyna , Rosak-Szyrocka Joanna , Jereb Borut
Published: May 2021

Today, sharing knowledge requires taking into account many aspects. Variable environmental conditions, the people factor, and the security of resources are just a few that should be considered for a noticeable improvement in the functioning of the company. Supporting this course of action requires the identification of all barriers that may exist in the enterprise. Only the owner and senior management by establishing system and organizational changes can influence this element of the business. The aim of the article is to indicate the problems in this respect that block the proper functioning of the company in the field of information and knowledge exchange. The survey was conducted with the help of a questionnaire among 189 respondents. The industry has significantly decreased in the last few decades, currently there are 307 companies operating in Poland. Conclusions from the conducted research were collected on the basis of a questionnaire survey. The further stage of the research will be to compare the collected results with the results from Western European countries.
Impact of Technical, Organizational and Human Factors on Accident Rate of Small-Sized Enterprises
Authors: Niciejewska Marta , Idzikowski Adam , Škurková Katarína Lestyánszka
Published: May 2021

The paper focuses on the analysis of the impact of technical, organizational and human factors on accident rate in small-sized enterprises. The research was carried out using the authors’ questionnaire. The results were verified using the method of direct interview with elements of observation. The results were compared with the trends prevailing in enterprises of EU countries. The respondents, i.e. production company workers, indicate technical factors as those which most significantly affect the occurrence of accidents at work. However, the assessment of the factors changes with the age of the respondents. Older workers, more often than younger employees, indicate the ones related to man or work organization as the most important factors affecting accidents at work and, consequently, the level of occupational safety. The presented results are a part of a larger whole project the authors of this paper are working on.
Automated Design of Affordable Modular Custom Insoles By Multi-Classification Algorithms
Authors: Khaing Hnin Phyu , Chaiprapat Supapan , Rungsri Tuanjit Na , Yuangyai Chumpol , Jirastitsin Suriya , Chaiprapat Sumate
Published: May 2021

Custom designed insoles are a niche product that is not always affordable to all who need them. When commercial insoles are fabricated using advanced technologies, the insoles in this study are assembled out of pre-cut modular components to keep the production cost down, hence their price. In this study, algorithms driven by a fuzzy inference were proposed in comparison with a decision tree in order to select the best component combination. One hundred and twelve subjects were recruited to collect foot data extracted from their foot images. Approximately 95% of 182 AI-designed insole pads were found in perfect agreement with the professional podiatrist’s decision with acceptable 5% deviation. Differences in the algorithms’ strength were also discussed. In addition to their superior performance, both algorithms allow the podiatrists to speed up the diagnosis and design phases. This approach, when integrated with applications of mobile devices for remotely retrieving foot data, will expand another simple yet effective customer-oriented product design service.
An Improved Method for Determination of Refractive Index of Dielectric Films from Reflectance Spectrum by Using the Generalized Morse Wavelet
Authors: Tiryaki Erhan , Kocahan Özlem , Özder Serhat
Published: May 2021

The Generalized Morse Wavelet (GMW) algorithm was adapted to determine the refractive index of dielectric film from the reflectance spectrum. A theoretically generated reflectance spectrum in the range of 300-1200 nm wavelength was analyzed by the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and the refractive index dispersion was obtained by the mentioned method. In addition, a noisy reflectance spectrum was analyzed to show the advantages of the CWT method. Refractive index dispersions calculated by the Morlet and the Paul wavelet were compared to GMW at the end of the study.
The EU and China in International Negotiations on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights – Cooperation and Challenges
Authors: Kang Suju
Published: May 2021

In the multilateral forum of the WTO, trade-related intellectual property issues constitute one of the reasons for the dilemma in Doha negotiations. It is interesting to note, however, an increasing convergence between the EU and China’s policies in supporting the improvement of international intellectual property (IP) protection, and these two actors have even formed an alliance to promote stronger protection for the geographical indications. In order to understand the EU’s and China’s standpoint in international IP regulatory cooperation, it is necessary to examine their interaction and proposals in the WTO framework. This examination will provide insight into the issues on which these two major actors are readily able to reach agreement. It will also reveal the issues on which their differences still remain or have gradually narrowed to facilitate a rapprochement of views; accordingly, this paper reviews cooperation between the EU and China in multilateral negotiations on genetic resources and protection of geographical indications. The study will further examine the challenges leading to obstruction of the Doha negotiations.
The Free Trade Agreement and Investment Dispute Settlement Between the European Union and Vietnam: A Critical Assessment
Authors: Turksen Umut , Nguyen Ha T.
Published: May 2021

The European Union (EU) is an open market economy, and against the rise of protectionism globally, the ‘Global Europe: Competing in the world’ communication of European Commission in 2006 reflected the EU perspective that Free Trade Agreements as alternatives can go further and faster in promoting openness and integration, by tackling issues which are not readily available for multilateral negotiations and by preparing the stepping stones for the next level of multilateral liberalization.

After the prolonged negotiations and the EU’s legislative processes, the European Parliament gave its consent to both agreements of European Union – Vietnam Free Trade Agreement and Investment Protection Agreement on 12 February 2020. Those bilateral instruments promote enhanced transparency and regulatory best practices that are consistent with existing international norms or standards, also an important stepping stone and a show-case for the EU’s longer-term goal of a region-to-region (EU - Southeast Asia) trade deal.

Those agreements have established a new two-level judicial structure with the strong judicial character (Investment Tribunal System – ITS) which Vietnam has accepted via legally binding commitments. It is important for Vietnam to follow the good governance standards and the rule of law principles. If the ITS works well, it will provide additional safeguards and guarantees to investors whereby FDI flows to Vietnam are likely to increase. Finally, the ITS regime provides a powerful incentive or a catalyst to review and modernize the domestic legal system of Vietnam not only to improve the investment eco-system in Vietnam but to pave the way for optimization of its economic potential and competitive power in the region (i.e. in the ASEAN).
“If Others Are Honest, I Will Be Too”: Effects of Social Norms on Willingness to Fake During Employment Interviews
Authors: Sinclair Samantha , Agerstrom Jens
Published: May 2021

Applicant faking in employment interviews is a pressing concern for organizations. It has previously been suggested that subjective norms may be an important antecedent of faking, but experimental studies are lacking. We report a preregistered experiment (N = 307) where effects of conveying descriptive social norms (information about what most applicants do) on self-reported willingness to fake were examined. Although we observed no difference between the faking norm condition and the control condition, in which no norm was signaled, participants in the honesty norm condition reported lower willingness to fake compared to those in both the faking norm condition and the control condition. The latter supports the idea that conveying honesty norms may be an effective means of reducing faking, although future research needs to evaluate its usefulness in real employment interviews.
The Prosecutor’s Authority to Conduct a Criminal Investigation Based on The Government Administration Law
Authors: Adiguna Leonardo
Published: May 2021

This research uses a normative approach, which is carried out by examining laws and theories. Also, this study uses a case approach, namely the 2017 village fund corruption case in Pekon Sukaratu. The main problem in this res­earch is what is the authority of the prosecutor in conducting investigations into criminal acts of corruption after the passage of Law Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration and whether the investigation carried out by the prosecutor at the Pringsewu District Prosecutor's Office in coordination with the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus or Aparatur Pengawas Internal Pemerintah (APIP) against the allegations a criminal act of corruption in the management of village funds in 2017 in Pekon Sukaratu whose losses to the state have been returned have met the principle of legal certainty. The research results show that the prosecutor has the authority to carry out the law enforcement process, namely the investigation of suspected corruption crimes as stipulated in Article 30 paragraph (1) letter d of the law on the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Indonesia. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it is better if changes in laws and regulations related to the elements of corruption in Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crime because there is a product of the Constitutional Court with the decision No. 25/PUU-XIV/2016. Besides, there is a need for socialization for prosecutors regarding their authority in TPK investigations and related to coordination patterns with the authority of APIP in carrying out investigations and calculating state financial losses.
Corporate Responsibility towards the Protection and Management of the Environmental Land of Used Mine
Authors: Mahfud Mahfud
Published: May 2021

Humans exploiting their natural resources must always be based on an environmental approach. This is reasonable because environmental problems are closely related to population growth, the impact of which is the high demand for natural resources. One of the natural resources most widely used by humans for various purposes is coal. The negative impact of coal mining is to trigger deforestation and exacerbate climate change. This writing uses normative juridical research. The approach used is the statutory approach. Therefore, the management process of exploring and exploiting every mining material, especially coal, requires various AMDAL mechanisms as part of environmentally sound development management. Provisions regarding mineral and coal mining activities oblige mining companies to carry out reclamation and post-mining activities of the mining areas they cultivate. The scope of the implementation of reclamation activities starts from exploration, land clearing, excavation of top and over-borders, coal excavation, land arrangement, revegetation, including nursery preparation, and maintenance and evaluation of activity results. Reclamation is carried out no later than one month after there are no more mining business activities on disturbed land. Reclamation and post-mining activities are one of the obligations of mining business activities.
Die bedeutende nicht-proteinogene Aminosäure Norleucin und ihre komplizierte Namensfindung
Authors: Vock Carsten A.
Published: May 2021

Im Rahmen einer didaktischen Einordnung der bedeutenden nicht-proteinogenen Aminosäure Norleucin in die Familie der konstitutionsisomeren Leucine werden Vorkommen in Naturstoffen und Pharmaka sowie insbesondere die komplizierte historische Namensfindung der Verbindung dargestellt.
Nagylepke fauna felmérése a Baláta-tó Természetvédelmi Területen (Lepidoptera: Macrolepidoptera)
Authors: Ábrahám Levente
Published: May 2021

Between 1986-1997, large butterfly and moth fau-na was examined in the Lake Baláta Nature Reserve (So-mogy county). In 1987, a light trap was operated for a year in Kanizsaberek, the closest settlement to the protected area, and the further faunistic investigation was carried out by light-ing in the other three points of the protected area. The but-terflies were collected along forest roads, the narrow-gauge railway and deforestation area. During the investigation, 68 butterfly and 401 moth species were found. 8190 specimens were collected by the light trap, which belonging to 367 spe-cies. According to cited literature and the present study, the number of species known from the area is 504 (73 butterflies, 431 moths). The fauna is characterized by the high number of birch and alder consumer species, which can be related to the the moorland. The number of protected species is 43 and 5 species of Natura 2000 (Lycaena dispar, Maculinea naus-ithous, Maculinea teleius, Proserpinus proserpina, Euplagia quadripunctaria) were found.
Role of Remdesivir in COVID-19
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Shaeen Sumera , Sattar Naila Abdul ,   Department of Biochemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Ibrahim Mohammad ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Irfan Muhammad ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College University, Faisalabad
Published: May 2021

Remdesivir is an antiviral drug showed broad spectrum against viruses, also RNA polymerase inhibitor that’s why use to treat a variety of RNA virus infections. It is considered to be more effective against family of respiratory infection causing viruses including corona virus as compared to those whom it was originally synthesized like Hepatitis C and common cold viruses. On October 8, 2020, The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has completed trials on COVID-19 patients and found Remdesivir satisfactory and beneficiary choice towards the recovery stairs of COVID-19. The pandemic of Covid-19 might wean down by season, but the possibility of reoccurrence exists. Thus, future clearance of Remdesivir might be critical for ensuring effective treatment, diminish mortality and permit early release.
Hirayama Disease: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Manifestations and Single Centre Experience
Authors:   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr Ram Manohar Lohiya Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, P Rathore , G Raj ,   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr Ram Manohar Lohiya Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, R Yadav ,   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr Ram Manohar Lohiya Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, A Singh ,   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr Ram Manohar Lohiya Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
Published: May 2021

Purpose: A retrospective study to evaluate various MR imaging spectrums of clinically diagnosed cases of Hirayama disease. Materials and Method: This study included a review of images of 13 patients on the hospital information system who underwent imaging evaluation for suspected Hirayama disease on 3 Tesla MRI scanner in postcontrast neutral and flexion positions. Images were evaluated for the following findings: Localised lower cervical cord atrophy, asymmetric cord flattening, Abnormal cervical curvature, an Increased signal on T2WS, Loss of attachment between posterior dura and lamina, presence of flow void with enhancement. Observations: Lower cervical cord atrophy, anterior dural shift with flexion, and postcontrast enhancement of epidural component was found in thirteen out of thirteen patients (100%), followed by the hyperintense signal in T2WS in the cord which was found in 11 patients. Loss of attachment of posterior dura and subjacent lamina and abnormal curvature of the spine was found in 9 out of thirteen patients (91.3%), prominent epidural flow void was found in eight out of thirteen patients (61.5%), the thoracic extension of enhancing epidural component was found in five patients (38.4%).
Naturally Derived Organic Dyes for LED Lightings of High Color Rendering and Fidelity Index
Authors: Huang Yunping , Cohen Theodore A. , Luscombe Christine K.
Published: May 2021

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are a lighting technology with a huge and ascending market. Typically, LED backlights are often paired with inorganic phosphors made from rare-earth elements (REEs) to tune the emission lineshapes for different applications. However, REE production is a resource-intensive process with many negative environmental impacts. Herein we develop organic hybrid LEDs using organic dyes synthesized from an abundant and non-toxic natural product (theobromine) to replace REE phosphors. The resulting hybrid LED generates continuous emission from 400 – 740 nm, resulting in high color rendering index (the current industry standard) of 90 and color fidelity index (the most advanced and comprehensive standard) of 92, challenging commercial LEDs based on REE phosphors. In addition, the light-converting composite is made from 99 wt% SBS, an inexpensive industrial polymer, and 1wt% theobromine dyes, reducing the cost of the light converter to ¢1.30 for a 1 W LED, compared to approximately ¢ 19.2 of commercial products. The light converting efficiency of the dye-SBS composite is 82%. Excited state kinetics experiments were also conducted to provide guidance to further increase the light-converting efficiency of the theobromine dyes while maintaining excellent color rendering and fidelity.
DeepPocket: Ligand Binding Site Detection and Segmentation using 3D Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Aggarwal Rishal , Gupta Akash , Chelur Vineeth , Jawahar C. V. , Priyakumar U. Deva
Published: May 2021

A structure-based drug design pipeline involves the development of potential drug molecules or ligands that form stable complexes with a given receptor at its binding site. A prerequisite to this is finding druggable and functionally relevant binding sites on the 3D structure of the protein. Although several methods for detecting binding sites have been developed beforehand, a majority of them surprisingly fail in the identification and ranking of binding sites accurately. The rapid adoption and success of deep learning algorithms in various sections of structural biology beckons the usage of such algorithms for accurate binding site detection. As a combination of geometry based software and deep learning, we report a novel framework, DeepPocket that utilises 3D convolutional neural networks for the rescoring of pockets identified by Fpocket and further segments these identified cavities on the protein surface. Apart from this, we also propose another dataset SC6K containing protein structures submitted in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) from January 2018 till February 2020 for ligand binding site (LBS) detection. DeepPocket's results on various binding site datasets and SC6K highlights its better performance over current state-of-the-art methods and good generalization ability over novel structures.
Multi-reference Approach to the Computation of Double-Core-Hole Spectra
Authors: Tenorio Bruno Nunes Cabral , Decleva Piero , Coriani Sonia
Published: May 2021

Double-Core Hole (DCH) states of small molecules are assessed with the restricted

active space self-consistent field (RASSCF) and multi-state restricted active space perturbation

theory of second order (MS-RASPT2) approximations. To ensure an unbiased

description of the relaxation and correlation effects on the DCH states, the neutral

ground state and DCH wave functions are optimized separately, whereas the spectral

intensities are computed with a biorthonormalized set of molecular orbitals within the

state-interaction (SI) approximation. Accurate shake-up satellites binding energies and

intensities of double-core-ionized states (K-2) are obtained for H2O, N2, CO and C2H2n

(n=1–3). The results are analyzed in details and show excellent agreement with recent

experimental data.
Profiling of Glycosphingolipids with SCDase Digestion and HPLC-FLD-MS
Authors: Chakraberty Radhika , Reiz Bela , Cairo Christopher
Published: May 2021

Lipid components of cells and tissues feature a large diversity of structures that present a challenging problem for molecular analysis. Glycolipids from mammalian cells contain glycosphingolipids (GSLs) as their major glycolipid component, and these structures vary in the identity of the glycan headgroup as well as the structure of the fatty acid and sphingosine (Sph) tails. Analysis of intact GSLs is challenging due to the low abundance of these species. Here, we develop a new strategy for the analysis of lyso-GSL (l-GSL), GSL that retain linkage of the glycan headgroup with the Sph base. The analysis begins with digestion of a GSL sample with sphingolipid ceramide N-deacylase (SCDase), followed by labelling with an amine-reactive fluorophore. The sample was then analyzed by HPLC-FLD-MS and quantitated by addition of an external standard. This method was compared analysis of GSL glycans after cleavage by an Endoglycoceramidase (EGCase) enzyme and labeling with a fluorophore (2-anthranilic acid, 2AA). The two methods are complementary, with EGCase providing improved signal (due to fewer species) and SCDase providing analysis of lyso-GSL. Importantly the SCDase method provides Sph composition of GSL species. We demonstrate the method on cultured human cells (Jurkat T cells) and tissue homogenate (porcine brain).
Completeness of Pledger’s modal logics of one-sorted projective and elliptic planes
Authors: Goldblatt Rob
Published: May 2021

Ken Pledger devised a one-sorted approach to the incidence relation of plane geometries, using structures that also support models of propositional modal logic. He introduced a modal system 12g that is valid in one-sorted projective planes, proved that it has finitely many non-equivalent modalities, and identified all possible modality patterns of its extensions. One of these extensions 8f is valid in elliptic planes. These results were presented in his 1980 doctoral dissertation, which is reprinted in this issue of the Australasian Journal of Logic.

Here we show that 12g and 8f are strongly complete for validity in their intended one-sorted geometrical interpretations, and have the finite model property. The proofs apply standard technology of modal logic (canonical models, filtrations) together with a step-by-step procedure introduced by Yde Venema for constructing two-sorted projective planes.
Uma atividade investigativa para o estudo da paisagem: o solo do Cerrado em foco
Authors: Alexandrino Daniela Marques , Santos Henrique Luis da Silva , Küll Cláudia Roberta
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho é o resultado de uma pesquisa que consiste na produção e utilização de uma atividade experimental investigativa sobre o estudo da Paisagem, por meio da caracterização do solo do Cerrado. A atividade foi elaborada e testada experimentalmente por um grupo de professores do curso de Especialização em Ensino de Ciências do Centro de Divulgação Científica e Cultural (CDCC), na cidade de São Carlos, SP. A proposição da atividade emergiu na disciplina de Investigação em Ensino de Ciências, para conhecer os diferentes compartimentos desse bioma. A área de estudo foi um fragmento de Cerrado, localizado no campus da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar). A metodologia foi pautada no Programa Mão na Massa, que consistiu em: levantamento de hipóteses, observação direta do ambiente, experimentação, realização de pesquisa bibliográfica, registro escrito e as conclusões pessoais e coletivas acerca da questão-problema: “como é caracterizado o solo do Cerrado?”. Foram levantadas sete hipóteses sobre as características, das quais apenas cinco foram testadas devido à limitação do laboratório. Embora se perceba que a consolidação de um modelo tradicional, que acarreta uma dificuldade de elaboração de hipóteses, bem como na dependência por respostas prontas, o grupo foi capaz de superar essa problemática, demonstrando interesse e criatividade para desenvolver as etapas da investigação, bem como sobre a obtenção e discussão dos resultados.
The potential for vaccination-induced herd immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant
Authors: Hodgson David , Flasche Stefan , Jit Mark , Kucharski Adam J ,   CMMID COVID-19 Working Group
Published: May 2021

We assess the feasibility of reaching the herd immunity threshold against SARS-CoV-2 through vaccination, considering vaccine effectiveness (VE), transmissibility of the virus and the level of pre-existing immunity in populations, as well as their age structure. If highly transmissible variants of concern become dominant in areas with low levels of naturally-acquired immunity and/or in populations with large proportions of < 15 year-olds, control of infection without non-pharmaceutical interventions may only be possible with a VE ≥ 80%, and coverage extended to children.
GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF SILICY AND SILICY-CARBONATE METASOMATITES IN CRETACEOUS AND PALEOGENE DEPOSITS IN LOWER VOLGA REGION
Authors: PANICHEV A. , IVANOV A. , CHEKRYZHOV I. , YASHKOV I. , IVANOV V.
Published: May 2021

The chemical composition and microstructure of Paleocene quartzite sandstones and Upper Cretaceous siliceous-carbonate rocks in the Volgograd right bank of the Volga River have been studied. Numerous pipe-like channels, along which hot silica-saturated solutions flowed at the stage of sand cementation are found to have a two-layer structure. The inner layer consisting of dense quartzite has been enriched with ore elements (Fe, V, Cr, Mo, Ni, W, and Cu). Majority of detected ore phases is presented with reduced forms while minority is represented with sulfide and oxide ones. Siliceous-carbonate rocks contain high concentrations of strontium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, and uranium in addition to calcium in cold carbon dioxide solutions outputs.
GEOPOLITICAL RISKS OF HYDROCARBON DEVELOPMENT IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC
Authors: TRUBITSINA Olga , BASHKIN Vladimir
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of geopolitical risks (GPR) in the hydrocarbon development of the Russian Arctic. Meanwhile, the authors pay special attention to the analysis of modern geopolitical and geostrategic challenges to the development of the Arctic region. The key geopolitical factors affecting the sustainable development of the Arctic are identified, similarities and differences in the geostrategic priorities of the Arctic Five countries are analyzed. GPR can be transformed into opposite environmental factors of oil and gas industry objects in the form of additional opportunities or threats, which the authors identify in detail for each type of risk.
THE TUMNIN RIVER AND STRAIT OF TARTARY SOUTHWARDTO SOVETSKAYA GAVAN ON S.G. LEONTOVICH PICTURES FROM 1894
Authors: DURYGIN Ivan
Published: May 2021

The article continues the series of publications investigating the photography collection made up by D.N. Anuchin at the turn of 19th and 20th century. Nowadays the collection is stored in The Earth Science Museum at Moscow State University. The present article deals with the pictures made by S.G. Leontovich during scouting expedition on the Tumnin river in 1894. This photo collection contains rich ethnographic and geographical material. With the help of the photographs it is possible to learn the landscapes of the Tumnin river, settlements structures of the Tumnin’s Orochi, get acquainted with the appearance of residential and religious buildings (yurts, huts, barns, shrines, grave cabins, etc.) and household items. Each photo is provided with detailed notes of Captain S.G. Leontovich providing better understanding of the Tumnin river population’ way of life and customs.
EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: PROBLEMS AND SOME RESULTS
Authors: KOLESOVA Ekaterina
Published: May 2021

Some results of the development of sustainable education implementation over past 15-20 years in Russia and problems hampered its realization were summarized here. Issues required special study concerning various aspects of the methodology, content and methodology of education for sustainable development were formulated. One of the main questions is how the concept of sustainable development corresponds to present-day realities. A correspondence analysis of federal state educational standard (FSES) content for general education schools to the sustainable development goals (SDGs) until 2030 has been carried out.
NATURAL HISTORY OF THE BIOSPHERE AS A KEY TO SOLVE ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS (TO THE 90TH ANNIVERSARY OF A.N. TYURYUKANOV)
Authors: SNAKIN Valeriy
Published: May 2021

Anatolij Nikiforovich Tyuryukanov (1931-2001), Dr.Sci (Biol.), professor was a remarkable Russian natural scientist, who made a signifi contribution to soil science and the theory of the biosphere. Investigation of Tyuryukanov’s works shows both evolution of the author’s scientifi interests and development of natural history in Russia in 20th century. He formulated the biosphere natural history principle founded on a new fundamental category of sciences foundation in 20th century. Th principle is based on genetic soil science, biogeocenology, landscape geochemistry and main branches of the Earth biosphere and vitasphere study. Interesting and sometimes unexpected assertions of A.N. Tyuryukanovs provide food for thought about both further studies of nature, development of biosphere study and refl on the human and biosphere relationships.
Importance of Palace Complexes, the Pearls of Medieval Islamic Architecture, in Urban Planning and Architecture
Authors: ABBASOVA Şehla , ABBASOV Namiq
Published: May 2021

Although the Islamic palace complexes considered the pearl of architecture, even though they are studied separately by scholars for years and centuries, their unity in one direction of architecture has been neglected so far. For this reason, we have tried to explore the architecture of palace complexes, which is considered to be the most beautiful examples of the magnificent Islamic architecture, to reveal their similar features, and to reflect the influence of these buildings on the formation and development of the urban planning composition. Palace complexes built in almost all the states that adopted Islam in the Middle Ages were planned to be the core of the city based on the same laws. The main purpose of the study is to explore the architecture, history and composition structure of the great Shirvanshahs, Topkapi Palace, Alhambra and Akbari Sarai palaces built in the Middle Ages and to reveal their similar features. In the study, it was proved that the architecture of the palace complexes that survived until today was built in the same styles, that Islam has its own architectural laws and that these laws are applied more accurately in palace construction.
PENGARUH KARATERISTIK PERUSAHAAN, STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN, DAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP LUAS PENGUNGKAPAN TRIPLE BOTTOM 'LINE PADA PERUSAHAAN LQ45 YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2014-2016
Authors: Yunina Yunina , Fadillah Nur
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to know the influence of company characteristics, ownership structure and good corporate governance on the disclosure of the Triple Bottom Line. The samples of this research were taken using purposive sampling based on certain criteria and the samples were 23 companies from a population of 45 companies. This study used multiple regression analysis with hypothesis testing using SPSS 17 for Windows. The results showed that leverage, Profitability, and foreign ownership did not have a significant effect on the level of triple bottom line disclosure, institutional ownership, ownership, board size and audit committee size did not significantly affect the triple bottom line disclosure level. While liquidity, industry type and company age significantly influenced the triple bottom line disclosure level. For the next researcher, it is better to use other variables and the number of years extended to be more relevant.
PENETAPAN HARGA JUAL ES BALOK PADA PT. ES MUDA PERKASA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TARGET PROFIT PRICING
Authors: Amni Chairul
Published: May 2021

Company pricing must be very careful so that the price offered is not too expensive or cheap but still produces more profits for the company, but this becomes a weakness for the company if competitors are able to provide lower prices. PT. Es Muda Perkasa has a selling price that is considered sufficient to compete in the industrial world but the prices offered by PT. Es Muda Perkasa allegedly still low. It is certainly difficult for companies to be able to compete because the price determination applied is only based on estimates, so the prices set are not in accordance with production costs. Therefore the company needs to review the way of pricing strategies so that the benefits can be maximized. This study aims to determine the price of selling ice blocks by using profit pricing targets to get profits according to their production costs. The research method used in this study is to use a profit pricing target method that uses break-even analysis, where the company will not get profits and shortages of capital that has been spent. Data collection using the approach of observation, interviews, and literature study. The results of the study show that the price set by the company is still low at Rp. 16000; / stem compared to the price made by the Target Profit Pricing method which is the product cost of Rp. 18.496412 / stem assuming a profit of Rp.20,551 / stem for a profit of 10%, then Rp.21,760 / stem for a profit of 15% and Rp.23,120 / stem for a profit of 20%
PENGARUH PENDAPATAN SENDIRI, JENIS PEMERINTAH DAERAH DAN LETAK PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP PERILAKU OPORTUNISTIK LEGISLATIF DI DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA
Authors: Murhaban Murhaban , Munandar Aris
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to learn to find out their own income, types of regional government and regional government related to opportunistic legislatures in the North Aceh District People's Representative Council (DPRK). The sample in this study amounted to 45 respondents taken from 45 members of the North Aceh District Representative Council. Data obtained by collecting questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is a simple linear regression analysis technique. The results of the study indicate their own expenditure on legislative opportunistic policies in North Aceh District. From the results of the research conducted with the facts issued regarding the contribution to the opportunistic legislature because of this, the income itself is related to the importance of development in development in North Aceh District. The type of regional government towards legislative opportunistic behavior has a positive and significant influence. The results of the study indicate that there are differences between the types of regional government which will facilitate the government in carrying out the duties of the board members who regulate the budget allocation process in each development as expected. Regional laws related to legislative opportunistic behavior have a positive and significant relationship. The results of the study indicate that there is a regularity of regional government that will make it easier for the government to supervise legislative opportunists that are as expected. The calculated F value is 12,534 with a significance level of 0,000. While Ftable with a confidence level of 95% (α = 5%) on the probability of 0.05 and df2 = n-k-1 (45-4 = 41) and obtained the value of Ftable of 3.998. Then the F-test results show that Fcount> Ftable (12,534> 4,078).
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA DPRK DALAM PENGAWASAN KEUANGAN DAERAH DENGAN KOMITMEN PROFESIONAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA DPRK KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA)
Authors: Putri Rani Gesta
Published: May 2021

The objective of this research was to find out: 1) the influence of the parliamentarians’ knowledge of budget, personal background, political background, public accountability, community participation, and public policy transparency on the performance of DPRK (Regency Parliament) in regional financial monitoring; 2) that professional commitment is able to become moderating variable to the relationship of the parliamentarians’ knowledge on budget, personal background, political background, public accountability, community participation, and public policy transparency with the performance of DPRK in the regional financial monitoring. This research applied quantitative method. It was carried out in October 2018 at the DPRK of North Aceh Regency with term of office from 2014 to 2019. The data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 45 respondents who are members of DPRK of North Aceh Regency by using census technique. The data analysis was performed using reliability and validity tests, classic assumption test, multiple linear regression methods and residual test by means of SPSS. The result of this research showed 1) that the parliamentarians’ knowledge on budget, personal background, political background, public accountability, community participation, and public policy transparency simultaneously influenced the performance of the DPRK in the regional financial monitoring, and 2) that professional commitment was not able to become the moderating variable to the relationship of the parliamentarians’ knowledge on budget, personal background, political background, public accountability, community participation, and public policy transparency with the performance of DPRK in the regional financial monitoring.
KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN, KELENGKAPAN PENGUNGKAPAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAN KEMUNGKINAN KECURANGAN PELAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Husaini Husaini , Yuniza Salma
Published: May 2021

This research aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of the characteristics of the company's financial disclosure statements of completeness and consequently to the financial statement fraud. Characteristics of companies in this study consists of company size, leverage, liquidity, the company's corporate status and age.The population in this research is the manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange over the years 2011-2013. Purposive sampling method based on retrieved 98 companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange as research samples. Research on regression model using two. Using multiple linear regression, the study found the size of the company and the company's status affect the completeness of the disclosure of the financial statements. Leverage, liquidity and the age of the company does not affect the completeness of the disclosure of the financial statements. Then, the sample is categorized into 2 categories by using the Beneish model M-Score that the company that did the possibility of fraudulent financial reporting and company didn't do the possibility of fraudulent financial reporting. Using the method of logistic regression, this research found that the completeness of the pengungakap financial statements have no effect against the possibility of fraud in financial reporting.