bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización del significado de múltiplo por maestros en formación

Authors: López Ángel , Castro Encarnación , Cañadas María C.
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo forma parte de una investigación centrada en la divisibilidad en Z+. Los sujetos participantes son maestros en formación. Uno de los objetivos de la investigación consiste en caracterizar los significados que muestran los maestros en formación sobre el concepto de múltiplo. Este artículo recoge los resultados obtenidos en relación con dicho objetivo. Analizamos las producciones escritas de 37 maestros en formación obtenidas en una sesión práctica de aula, diseñada y desarrollada en el contexto de un experimento de enseñanza. Realizamos la caracterización de los significados a través de los elementos del análisis didáctico: estructura conceptual, sistemas de representación y fenomenología. Los maestros en formación mostraron mayoritariamente tres significados de múltiplo: producto, relación y dividendo en una división exacta. Characterizing the meaning of multiple by pre-service elementary school teachers This paper is part of a wider study focused on divisibility. Participants were prospective elementary teachers. One of the aims of the research is to characterize the meanings of multiple shown by prospective teachers. In this paper, we present the results concerning this aim. We analyse the productions of 37 prospective elementary teachers collected in a practice session, designed and developed in the context of a teaching experiment. We characterize the meanings through the following elements of the didactic analysis: conceptual structure, representation systems and phenomenology. Prospective teachers showed mostly three meanings of multiple: product, relationship and dividend in an exact division.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/39495WOS-ESCI
Curricular approaches to connecting subtraction to addition and fostering fluency with basic differences in grade 1

Authors: Baroody Arthur J.
Published: December 2021

Six widely used US Grade 1 curricula do not adequately address the following three developmental prerequisites identified by a proposed learning trajectory for the meaningful learning of the subtraction-as-addition strategy (e.g., for 13 – 8 think “what + 8 = 13?”): (a) reverse operations (adding 8 is undone by subtracting 8); (b) common part-whole relations (5 + 8 and 13 – 8 share the same whole 13 and parts 5 and 8); and (c) the complement principle in terms of part-whole relations (if parts 5 and 8 make the whole 13, then subtracting one part from the whole leaves the other part). Aproximaciones curriculares para conectar la sustracción con la adición y promover la fluidez con las diferencias básicas en primer curso de educación primaria Seis currículos ampliamente usados en Estados Unidos para primero de primaria no tratan adecuadamente tres prerrequisitos identificados por una trayectoria de aprendizaje propuesta para el aprendizaje significativo de la estrategia de sustracción como adición (ejemplo, para 13 – 8 piensa “¿qué + 8 = 13?”): (a) operaciones inversas (sumar 8 se deshace restando 8); (b) relaciones parte-todo comunes (5 + 8 y 13 – 8 comparten el mismo todo 13 y las partes 5 y 8) y (c) principio de complemento en relaciones parte-todo (si 5 y 8 dan el todo 13, al restar una parte al todo se obtiene la otra parte).Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/40449WOS-ESCI
Problemas descriptivos y pensamiento numérico: el caso de las cien aves de corral

Authors: Gómez Bernardo
Published: December 2021

Bajo el marco metodológico del análisis didáctico y del análisis histórico-epistemológico se presenta un estudio sobre los problemas descriptivos clásicos que emanan del de “las cien aves de corral”. Se presenta una aproximación global a su larga evolución histórica como objeto de enseñanza, se da cuenta de algunas de sus lecturas analíticas, aritméticas y cartesianas, y se analizan sus métodos y reglas de resolución. Descriptive problems and numerical thinking: The case of one hundred poultryUnder the methodological framework of the didactic analysis and historical-epistemological analysis a study of the classical descriptive problems that emanate from the “hundred poultry” is presented. An integrated approach is presented to its long historical evolution as an object of teaching, he realizes some of its analytical, arithmetic and reading cartesian, and its methods and resolution rules are analyzed.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/40451WOS-ESCI
Aspectos que facilitan la motivación con tareas matemáticas. Un estudio de casos con estudiantes de maestro de primaria

Authors: Montoro Ana Belén , Gil Francisco
Published: December 2021

Cuando un estudiante experimenta flujo en una tarea (está plenamente concentrado y disfrutando al realizarla), aumenta su rendimiento y el deseo por continuar realizando tareas similares. Esta investigación explora qué factores favorecen o dificultan la aparición de experiencias de flujo, en estudiantes universitarios del grado en educación primaria, al trabajar en grupos de cuatro o cinco estudiantes. Para ello, se compara el comportamiento de dos grupos de estudiantes al resolver dos tareas matemáticas. Los resultados muestran la importancia de establecer metas claras, proporcionar retroalimentación inmediata y que el estudiante confíe en su capacidad para superar la tarea. Exploring which aspects facilitate motivation towards mathematics. A case study with pre-service primary school teachers When students experience flow doing a task (they are deeply focused on the task and enjoying it), their performance and their engagement with similar tasks increase. This research explores which aspects fa-cilitate or block the flow experience with regard to pre-service primary school teachers while working in groups of four or five students. For this purpose, the researchers compare the behavior of two groups of students solving two mathematical tasks. The results show the im-portance of setting clear goals, providing immediate feedback and stu-dents trust their ability to accomplish the task.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/41648WOS-ESCI
Investigating stratification, language diversity and mathematics classroom interaction

Authors: Barwell Richard
Published: December 2021

Research on the socio-political dimensions of language diversity in mathematics classrooms is under-theorised and largely focuses on language choice. These dimensions are, however, likely to influence mathematics classroom interaction in many other ways than participants’ choice of language. To investigate these influences, I propose that the notions ofheteroglossia, orders of indexicality and scale-jumping, can provide new theoretical tools with which to understand the links between classroom interaction and broader social patterns of marginalisation. To illustrate the utility of these ideas, I include some analysis of an episode observed in a sheltered elementary school second language mathematics classroom in Canada. Investigando la estratificación, la diversidad lingüística y la interacción en el aula de matemáticas La investigación sobre las dimensiones sociopolíticas de la diversidad lingüística en clases de matemáticas está poco teorizada y mayormente se centra en la elección de la lengua. Estas dimensiones, no obstante, probablemente influyen en la interacción en clase en otros modos distintos a la elección de la lengua. Para investigar estas influencias, propongo que las nociones de heteroglosia, órdenes de indexicalidad y salto de escala, pueden aportar nuevos instrumentos teóricos con los cuales comprender conexiones entre interacción del aula y patrones sociales de marginalización. Para mostrar la utilidad de estas ideas, incluyo los análisis de un episodio de una clase de primaria de matemáticas canadiense con instrucción en una segunda lengua.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/42389WOS-ESCI
Modelización en el aula de ingeniería: un estudio de caso en el marco de un experimento de enseñanza

Authors: López Rubí , Molina Marta , Castro Enrique
Published: December 2021

Presentamos un estudio de caso que se enmarca dentro de un experimento de enseñanza dirigido a analizar la implementación de la modelización matemática en un aula de ingeniería. Analizamos cómo una estudiante se apropia del proceso de modelización a lo largo de varias sesiones. Se detecta una concepción no unidireccional del proceso de modelización, con riqueza de interacción entre sus fases y omisión de acciones claves en la matematización y desmatematización del problema. Este estudio aporta información detallada de utilidad para la implementación de la modelización en el aula. Modeling in an engineering classroom: a case study within a teaching experiment We describe a case study framed within a teaching experiment aimed to analyze the implementation of mathematical modeling in an engineering classroom. We analyze how a student implements the process of modeling along several sessions. We detect a non-unidirectional conception of the modeling process, with a rich interaction among its phases and lack of some key actions in the mathematization and des-mathematization of the problem. This study provides detailed information of use for the implementation of modeling in the classroom. Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/44147WOS-ESCI
Aportaciones de DERIVE y del cálculo mental al aprendizaje de la integral definida

Authors: Porres Mario , Pecharromán Cristina , Ortega Tomás
Published: December 2021

Se describe una investigación sobre el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del concepto de integral definida en 2º Bachillerato de Ciencias Sociales. El proceso de enseñanza integra DERIVE y cálculo mental. El software se usa para mejorar la comprensión del concepto de integral definida y el cálculo mental para mejorar el cálculo de primitivas. Se observa que, pese al desconocimiento inicial de DERIVE y la falta de práctica en cálculo mental, las orientaciones y el trabajo en el aula permitieron llegar a unos resultados de aprendizaje aceptables. También se valora la opinión de los alumnos sobre la integración de DERIVE y el cálculo mental en la docencia DERIVE and mental calculation as contributions to definite integral learning This paper describes the research about the process of teaching and learning the concept of definite integral in the 2nd higher secondary-education course of social sciences. The process of teaching integrates DERIVE and mental calculation. The software is used to improve the understanding of the concept of definite integral, and mental calculation to improve the calculation of primitives. It is observed that this teaching methodology of integration improves the conceptual scheme that students develop on the concept and stimulates the increase of math skills. Moreover, despite the difficulties encountered by the students in the practice of these methodologies, these have proved to be good motivators for learning.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/44149WOS-ESCINº de citas en WOS (2017): 1 (Citas de 2º orden, 0)Scopus record and citations
Enfoques necesarios para la reflexión sobre una ética comunitaria en la Educación Matemática
Authors: León Corredor Olga Lucía , Lasprilla Herrera Adriana
Published: December 2021

La relación entre ética y educación no es un tema nuevo, hay un interés permanente por responder a la pregunta: ¿qué presencia tiene la ética en cada sociedad? En el campo de la educación también se mantiene la pregunta ¿qué educación es necesaria para cada sociedad? Ética y educación se vinculan en los procesos transformadores de las sociedades. La pregunta que orienta la escritura de este artículo es ¿qué caracterización de ética es necesaria en el campo de la educación matemática? Se presenta inicialmente una caracterización de origen filosófica con aportes de la teoría de la argumentación, a continuación se profundiza en la relación ética-educación matemática, estableciendo un vínculo inmediato con la teoría de la objetivación, y finalmente se presentan voces de profesores y estudiantes señalando la necesidad del componente ético en el campo de la educación matemática.Approaches Necessary for Reflection about a Community Ethics in Mathematical EducationThe relationship between ethics and education is not a new issue; there is a permanent interest in answering the question: what is the presence of ethics in each society? In the field of education, the question remains: what education is necessary for each society? Ethics and education are linked in the transforming processes of societies. The question that guides the writing of this article is what characterization of ethics is necessary in the field of mathematics education? It is presented initially a characterization of philosophical origin with contributions of the theory of the argumentation, then deepens in the relation ethics-mathematical education, establishing an immediate link with the theory of the objectification, and finally presents the voices of professors and students pointing out the need for the ethical component in the field of mathematical education.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/49439Scopus record and citations
Diseño de criterios para reducir la variabilidad en la calificación de exámenes de matemáticas en pruebas de acceso a la universidad
Authors: Mengual Elena , Albarracín Lluís , Muñoz-Escolano José María , Oller-Marcén Antonio M. , Gorgorió Núria
Published: December 2021

Este artículo presenta el proceso de construcción de criterios para calificar exámenes de matemáticas con el propósito de reducir la variabilidad en las calificaciones otorgadas por distintos correctores. Desde la identificación de fenómenos no deseados en el proceso de corrección, se proporcionan directrices teóricas para generar criterios de calificación que se prueban empíricamente y se refinan en dos estudios consecutivos. Los resultados del estudio muestran que los Criterios de Calificación por Categorización de Tareas propuestos disminuyen de forma efectiva la variabilidad en las calificaciones en pruebas de matemáticas.Criteria design to reduce variability in the grading of mathematics exams in tests of university entranceThis article presents the process of construction of criteria to qualify math tests in order to reduce the variability in the grades given by different correctors. From the identification of undesirable-phenomena in correction process, we provide theoretical guidelines to generate qualification criteria that are empirically tested and refined in two consecutive studies. The results of the study show that Rating Criteria by Categorization of proposed tasks effectively decrease the variability in the scores in math tests.Doi: 10.30827/pna.v13i2.7740Scopus record and citations
Un estudio de caso sobre el trabajo documental colectivo de profesores: los intervalos de fluctuación
Authors: Parra Verónica , Gueudet Ghislaine
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo estudiamos las interacciones entre dos profesoras de matemáticas de secundaria y los recursos utilizando el marco teórico de la aproximación documental. Este marco propone que estas interacciones producen documentos asociados a los recursos y a los esquemas de uso. Los esquemas comprenden el conocimiento profesional en términos de invariantes operatorios. Las profesoras trabajan colectivamente organizando su enseñanza en torno a los intervalos de fluctuación. Mostramos que, a pesar del trabajo colectivo, los documentos desarrollados por cada una comprenden diferentes elementos: los invariantes operatorios iniciales no evolucionan lo suficiente como para conducir a documentos comunes.Scopus record and citations
Procesos de objetivación alrededor de las ideas geométricas en la elaboración de simuladores con Geogebra
Authors: Sánchez Ivonne Coromoto , Prieto Juan Luis
Published: December 2021

La investigación se centra en el aprendizaje geométrico manifestado por un alumno que comunica a dos profesores la técnica de construcción de un semicírculo con GeoGebra. Desde una perspectiva histórico-cultural del aprendizaje, caracterizamos los procesos de objetivación de saberes geométricos que tuvieron lugar durante la comunicación de la técnica, empleando para ello un análisis multi-semiótico. Los resultados muestran que el aprendizaje del alumno se caracteriza por la actividad semiótica desplegada, la actuación de los profesores y los problemas surgidos en las discusiones.
Descubriendo la medida en un contexto de interacción, negociación y diálogo: un estudio de caso en Educación Infantil
Authors: Alsina Ángel , Salgado María
Published: December 2021

En la primera parte se describen orientaciones genéricas sobre la enseñanza de la medida en Educación Infantil y diversas estrategias y recursos específicos para promover situaciones de interacción, negociación y diálogo en el aula; y en la segunda parte se muestra, a través de un estudio de caso único, un ejemplo concreto de enseñanza-aprendizaje de una magnitud (la masa) en un escenario de experimentación y comunicación. Los resultados indican que el planteamiento de buenas preguntas produce un efecto importante en la construcción del conocimiento matemático, por lo que es necesario que progresivamente el profesorado adquiera habilidades para formular buenas preguntas.
Conocimiento del profesor acerca de las características de aprendizaje en probabilidad condicional: Un estudio de caso
Authors: Sosa Guerrero Leticia , León Banguero José Miguel , Carrillo Yáñez José
Published: December 2021

Este artículo muestra evidencias del conocimiento de siete profesores sobre las características de aprendizaje de estudiantes en probabilidad condicional. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo de corte interpretativo. Usamos el modelo Mathematics Teacher’s Specialised Knowledge y la perspectiva de análisis Bottom-Up y Top-Down para caracterizar el conocimiento evidenciado en un cuestionario y una entrevista. Los resultados muestran que reconocer sesgo, falacias y confusiones contribuye a identificar, por el profesor, las fortalezas, dificultades e interacción que tienen los estudiantes en probabilidad condicional. Proponemos nuevos indicadores de conocimiento didáctico del contenido que permiten comprender configuraciones cognitivas de estudiantes.
Errores de profesores de Matemáticas en formación inicial al resolver una tarea de modelización
Authors: Moreno Verdejo Antonio , Martín Arenas Manuel , Ramírez Uclés Rafael
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo describe los errores que han puesto de manifiesto un grupo de 27 estudiantes de la especialidad de Matemáticas del Máster de Formación de Profesorado de Secundaria en una tarea de modelización. A partir de la revisión de los antecedentes, se establece un sistema de categorías de los errores en las distintas fases del proceso de modelización y la coherencia entre las mismas. El análisis de los resultados muestra mayor frecuencia de errores en las fases en las que interviene la situación real original: la fase simplificación para obtener el modelo real y la fase de validación para interpretar los resultados obtenidos. Los tipos de errores manifestados aportan información para la formación de los futuros profesores de matemáticas.
El inicio del razonamiento probabilístico en educación infantil
Authors: Batanero Carmen , Álvarez Arroyo Rocío , Hernández Solís Luis A. , Gea Serrano María M.
Published: December 2021

Se presenta una síntesis de la investigación sobre el razonamiento probabilístico de los niños hasta los 7 años. Tras una breve mención a los trabajos de Piaget e Inhelder y Fischbein, se revisan estos y otros estudios asociados. Analizamos los estudios sobre la comprensión del azar en los niños, su lenguaje probabilístico, la identificación y enumeración de posibilidades, estrategias de comparación de probabilidades y razonamiento combinatorio. El maestro y las familias  pueden utilizar esta síntesis para apoyar la educación temprana del razonamiento probabilístico, que beneficiará al niño en su desarrollo, posterior comprensión de la probabilidad y toma de decisiones en situaciones de incertidumbre.
Las prácticas de justificación en el aula de matemáticas

Authors: Rigo Mirela , Rojano Teresa , Pluvinage François
Published: December 2021

En este artículo se exponen los resultados parciales de un estudio centrado en el análisis del papel que juega el convencimiento en la construcción del conocimiento matemático que se da en el aula. Se describen los resultados de una investigación empírica, centrada en el análisis de un estudio de caso longitudinal, en el que se examinan las prácticas de justificación y promoción de convencimiento a las que sistemáticamente recurre una profesora de sexto grado de primaria. Además de describir los patrones de racionalidad identificados en las clases observadas, se muestra que en el aula pueden converger, en un mismo recorrido discursivo, argumentos por razones y argumentaciones por motivos y que estas justificaciones son acumulativas, suelen ser implícitas, tienen límites borrosos y carecen de una estructura lineal. Justification Practices in the Mathematics Classroom The paper contains the partial outcomes of a study focused on analyzing the role played by convincingness in building mathematical knowledge in the classroom setting. The paper describes the findings of an empirical study that is centered on the analysis of a longitudinal case study, in which we analyze the justification practices and convincingness promotion systematically resorted to by a sixth-grade elementary school teacher. In addition to describing the patterns of rationality identified in the classes observed, this paper serves to show that in the classroom setting, reasons-based arguments and motive-based lines of argument can converge within one discursive path. Consequently the justifications are cumulative, apt to be implicit, with blurred outer borders and lack a linear structure.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/14598
Definiciones personales y aspectos estructurales del concepto de límite finito de una función en un punto

Authors: Fernández-Plaza José Antonio , Ruiz-Hidalgo Juan Francisco , Rico Luis , Castro Enrique
Published: December 2021

Describimos e interpretamos las definiciones aportadas por un grupo de estudiantes de bachillerato sobre el concepto de límite finito de una función en un punto en términos de aspectos estructurales, compilados y sintetizados de investigaciones previas. Los aspectos estructurales son la interpretación como objeto o como proceso de la noción de límite, los algoritmos y las destrezas prácticas para su cálculo, su alcanzabilidad y su rebasabilidad. A partir de ellos, analizamos las definiciones recogidas. Entre los resultados, destacamos la riqueza de significado de estas definiciones por razón del carácter no alcanzable y no rebasable atribuido al límite y por su consideración dual como objeto o proceso.Personal definitions and structural aspects of the concept of finite limit of a function at one pointWe describe and interpret the individual definitions of a group of noncompulsory secondary education students related to the concept of finite limit of a function at one point in terms of structural aspects compiled and synthesized from prior research. These aspects are the interpretation of the limit notion as an object or a process, its exact or approximate character, the algorithms and practical skills for its calculation, its reachability and its possibility of being exceeded. Among the results we point out the richness of meaning from these definitions by the not reachable and not exceedable attributed character of the limit, and also by the dual consideration of the limit as an object or process.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/23475Nº de citas en WOS (2017): 3 (Citas de 2º orden, 3)Nº de citas en SCOPUS (2017): 2 (Citas de 2º orden, 2)
Distinguishing schemes and tasks in children’s development of multiplicative reasoning

Authors: Tzur Ron , Johnson Heather L. , McClintock Evan , Kenney Rachael H. , Xin Yan P. , Si Luo , Woordward Jerry , Hord Casey , Jin Xianyan
Published: December 2021

We present a synthesis of findings from constructivist teaching experiments regarding six schemes children construct for reasoning multiplicatively and tasks to promote them. We provide a task-generating platform game, depictions of each scheme, and supporting tasks. Tasks must be distinguished from children’s thinking, and learning situations must be organized to (a) build on children’s available schemes, (b) promote the next scheme in the sequence, and (c) link to intended mathematical concepts.Distinción de esquemas y tareas en el desarrollo del razonamiento multiplicativo de los niñosPresentamos una síntesis de hallazgos de experimentos de enseñanza constructivistas en relación con seis esquemas que los niños construyen para razonar multiplicativamente y tareas para promoverlos. Proveemos una plataforma de juego generadora de tareas, descripciones de cada esquema y tareas para apoyarlos. Las tareas deben distinguirse del pensamiento de los niños, y las situaciones de aprendizaje deben organizarse para que (a) se basen en los esquemas que los niños tienen disponibles, (b) promuevan el siguiente esquema en la secuencia y (c) se relacionen con los conceptos matemáticos pretendidos.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/23477Nº de citas en WOS (2017): 13 (Citas de 2º orden, 14)Nº de citas en SCOPUS (2017): 13 (Citas de 2º orden, 12)
Forms of generalization in students experiencing mathematical learning difficulties

Authors: Santi George , Baccaglini-Frank Anna
Published: December 2021

We shift the view of a special needs student away from the acknowledged view, that is as a student who requires interventions to restore a currently expected functioning behaviour, introducing a new paradigm to frame special needs students’ learning of mathematics. We use the theory of objectification and the new paradigm to look at (and characterize) students’ learning experiences in mathematics as generalizing reflexive mediated activity. In particular, from this perspective, we present examples of shifts to higher levels of generalization of a student with mathematical learning difficulties working with Mak-Trace, a Logo-like educational software for the iPad.Formas de generalización en estudiantes con dificultades de aprendizaje en matemáticasEn este artículo introducimos un nuevo paradigma para enmarcar el aprendizaje de las matemáticas de alumnos con necesidades especiales. Consideramos una visión de los estudiantes con necesidades especiales diferente a la comúnmente aceptada que los considera como estudiantes que requieren intervención para reestablecer el comportamiento actualmente esperado. Utilizamos la teoría de la objetivización y ese nuevo paradigma para observar (y caracterizar) las experiencias de aprendizaje de las matemáticas entendido como actividad reflexiva y mediada de generalización. En particular, desde esta perspectiva proponemos ejemplos de acceso a niveles superiores de generalización de un estudiante con dificultades de aprendizaje de las matemáticas que utiliza Mak-Trace, un software didáctico para iPad parecido a Logo.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/34993WOS-ESCINº de citas en WOS (2017): 1 (Citas de 2º orden, 1)
Cryptanalysis of the system based on word problems using logarithmic signatures
Authors: Kotukh Y. , Okhrimenko T. , Dyachenko O. , Rotaneva N. , Kozina L. , Zelenskyi D.
Published: December 2021

Rapid development and advances of quantum computers are contributing to the development of public key cryptosystems based on mathematically complex or difficult problems, as the threat of using quantum algorithms to hack modern traditional cryptosystems is becoming much more real every day. It should be noted that the classical mathematically complex problems of factorization of integers and discrete logarithms are no longer considered complex for quantum calculations. Dozens of cryptosystems were considered and proposed on various complex problems of group theory in the 2000s. One of such complex problems is the problem of the word. One of the first implementations of the cryptosystem based on the word problem was proposed by Magliveras using logarithmic signatures for finite permutation groups and further proposed by Lempken et al. for asymmetric cryptography with random covers. The innovation of this idea is to extend the difficult problem of the word to a large number of groups. The article summarizes the known results of cryptanalysis of the basic structures of the cryptosystem and defines recommendations for ways to improve the cryptographic properties of structures and the use of non-commutative groups as basic structures.
Hypersexuality as a Manifestation of Various Disorders
Authors: Kocharyan Garnik
Published: December 2021

The article deals with hypersexuality, which can be a manifestation of a wide variety of disorders. These include: consequences of a psychotrauma; premature psychosexual development; borderline personality disorder; submaniac and maniac states in bipolar affective disorder and schizoaffective type of the course of schizophrenia; disinhibition of libido, rough and naked eroticism in the initial stage of schizophrenia; consequence of advanced emotional volitional disorders in simple-type schizophrenia; temporal lobe epilepsy; dementia; mental retardation (oligophrenias); various organic brain lesions (resulting from neuroinfections, injuries, vascular damages, neoplasms) [the temporal and frontal lobes of the brain are indicated as regulators of libido]; consequence of disorders in the hypothalamic area and limbic system.
It is reported that a correlation exists between development of hypersexuality and damages in certain cerebral areas in patients with non-traumatic brain damage. It is pointed out that hypersexuality may result from maldevelopment of the right hippocampus, anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, in patients with disseminated sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, Kluver-Bucy syndrome as well as be caused by various hormonal disorders and consequences of premenstrual changes and effect of virilizing hormones during the childhood or intrauterine period. Numerous clinical illustrations of cases with hypersexuality, caused by various disorders, are given. The author holds the opinion that it is necessary to divide hypersexuality at least into two categories: true hypersexuality and sexual disinhibition, when with the normal or even reduced level of libido manifestation the hypersexual behaviour results from absence or insufficiency of inhibitory mechanisms (for example, in dementia).
Review of the Book «Sexual Disorders and Anatomical Problems That Prevent Sexual Intercourse» (Kocharyan G.S.)
Authors: Gorpynchenko Ihor
Published: December 2021

У книзі глибоко і всебічно представлена проблема сексуальних розладів і патологічних анатомічних особливостей, що перешкоджають проведенню статевого акту.
Perilaku makan sebelum dan selama pandemi covid-19 pada kelompok remaja dan dewasa di Indonesia
Authors: Dieny Fillah Fithra , Jauharany Firdananda Fikri , Tsani A. Fahmy Arif , Nissa Choirun
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic impacts lifestyle changes, one of which is the eating behavior of people. The research aims to examine changes in eating behavior before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents and adult groups in Indonesia. A cross-sectional study on 563 subjects, with the subject's inclusion criteria, namely living in Indonesia, aged 12-55 years, willing to participate in the research by filling in informed consent and filling out a questionnaire via an online google form. The data obtained were grouped based on variables before and after the pandemic, then tested the normality of the data. Bivariate analysis used the Wilcoxon text because the data were not normally distributed. As a result, there was an increase in the subject's breakfast habits and frequency of eating. Subjects experienced changes in eating habits, namely an increase in the frequency, variety, and portion of consumption of animal protein, vegetable protein, vegetables, and fruit between before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (p <0,001). In addition, the habit of consuming fluids, supplements, and spices also experienced a significant increase, while the pattern of snacking decreased between before and during the pandemic (p <0,001). In conclusion, there were differences in eating behavior: breakfast habits, dietary variations, consumption of animal and vegetable protein, vegetables, fruits, fluids, supplements, spices, and snacking patterns outside the home between before and during the pandemic in the subject
INFORMAL BUSINESS TOURISM IN CAMEROON
Authors:   University of Johannesburg, School of Tourism & Hospitality, College of Business and Economics, South Africa, TICHAAWA Tembi Maloney
Published: December 2021

The uniqueness of business tourism in the African context is argued to be an amalgam of several clusters of activities manifested in both the formal and informal sectors. In this study, business tourism in the global south, with a specific focus on the informal sector in Cameroon is analysed. Using data that was collected from a series of semi-structured interviews conducted with three hundred and seventy-seven business travellers, the study reveals that informal business tourism includes domestic business travellers classified into five distinctive categories: (1) informal salespeople (2) shopowners (3) herdsmen (4) local farmers and (5) wholesalers. The study concludes that informal business tourism represents an important sector that contributes to tourism development and if well harnessed, its multiplier effect could be widespread amongst the different economic sectors of Cameroon.
Анализ динамики структуры землепользования бассейна реки Тезы
Authors: Чугай Наталья Валерьевна , Курочкин Иван Николаевич , Кулагина Екатерина Юрьевна
Published: December 2021

Антропогенное загрязнение природных объектов приводит к отрицательному влиянию на жизнедеятельность большинства живых организмов и нарушению баланса экосистем. При резком сворачивании сельскохозяйственной деятельности претерпевают изменения агрохимические показатели почвы и растительность. Рассмотрены основные тенденции в изменении структуры землепользования речного бассейна реки Тезы в Центральной России. Сравнены структуры с более освоенными в сельскохозяйственном плане регионами. Установлен резкий рост площадей смешанных лесов в период с 2001 по 2019 г. и уменьшение доли пахотных земель. Площадь пахотных земель сократилась на 2 % почти за 20 лет, что говорит о том, что процесс деградации сельского хозяйства остановлен, причём на некоторых участках исследуемой территории наблюдаются даже процессы рекультивации — возвращения заброшенных земель в сельскохозяйственный оборот. Доля залежных земель, представляющая собой сумму категорий редколесий и естественной растительности, в период с 2001 по 2011 г. изменялась незначительно, а к 2019 г. уменьшилась и составляет немногим более 32 % от общей площади изучаемой территории. При сравнении с соседними ключевыми речными бассейнами по показателю LAI установлено, что наиболее активное снижение площадей сельскохозяйственных угодий происходит в центральной, юго-западной и северо-восточной частях речного бассейна, что обусловлено более плодородными почвами, чем на других территориях.
Особенности водного режима некоторых представителей рода Hemerocallis L. при интродукции в Башкирском Предуралье
Authors: Пятина И. С. , Реут A. А.
Published: December 2021

Выявление родов и видов декоративных травянистых многолетников, высокоадаптированных к резко континентальным условиям региона, представляет определенный интерес для исследователей. Одним из наиболее широко применяемых методов характеристики напряженности водного режима растений в естественных условиях произрастания является определение водного дефицита в их листьях. Представлены результаты исследования (2019 – 2020 гг.) параметров водного режима лилейников при культивировании в лесостепной зоне Башкирского Предуралья. В результате корреляционного анализа выявлены зависимости: прямая — между водным дефицитом и температурой воздуха, обратная — между водным дефицитом и относительной влажностью воздуха.
Arrangement Plan of Inner Mongolia Buddhist Temple
Authors: Haoribao Enke , Natsume Yoshinori , Hamada Shinichi
Published: December 2021

Since BC, the construction of cities has been started in the Mongolian Plateau with the establishment of dynasties, but many were turned into ruins. However, the Tibetan Buddhist temples built after the 16th century, which are an indispensable element in the process of settling the Mongolians from nomadic life, have been relatively well preserved in Inner Mongolia. These temples have been thought to be the epitome of the Mongolian economy, culture, art, and construction technology. Therefore, it has a great significance to research them systematically. Interestingly, these temples in Mongolia were originated from Inner Mongolia, which is located on the south side of Mongolia. The architectural design of these temples has been primarily influenced by Chinese and Tibetan temple architecture, suggesting that the temples appear to be considered a vital sample for studying temple architecture in Mongolia or East Asia. So far, there is still no study systematically on temple architecture in Inner Mongolia. Therefore, this research aims to study the arrangement plan of Inner Mongolian Tibetan Buddhist temples, which is the most important factor to consider in the first stage of temple construction.
COVID-19: Cartography as a Witness of Change of Spanish Urban Models along History Due to Sanitary Crisis
Authors: Polo Martín Bárbara
Published: December 2021

During past centuries, pandemics were something very natural to the human race, but as result of industrialisation during the 19th century, they became a larger problem. The arrival of populations to big cities provoked the development of irregular and overpopulated quarters without any measures of safety, and facilitated the expansion of diseases. The problem resided in sanitation problems, as the example of what happened in London and Paris. As a solution, in different cities, and as a starting point, Paris with the Haussman’s proposals, issued different reforms and extension plans were made in Spain (Nadal 2017, 357-385). Humanity believed that these extension plans would give us a healthy density and an ordered expansion. We opened big boulevards to believe that we had a wide city to walk, but nothing could be further from reality. At the beginning of 20th century, history repeated itself, and now, a new pandemic crisis has shown that cities have, again, a crisis of congestion. Keywords: cartography, cities, COVID-19, urban models
Effect of the heat treatment mode of high chrome iron rolling mills on chrome redistribution in the stress field
Authors: Popova Olena , Lalazarova Nataliia , Afanasieva Оlga
Published: December 2021

Heat treatment is an important stage in the technology of rolling rolls, due to the fact that the thermal stresses that occur during rapid or uneven heating summing up with the rather high residual stresses after casting, create a risk of cracking. Goal. The aim is improving the quality of rolling rolls by varying the modes of heat treatment. Therefore, it is important to assess the level of thermal stress. Method. Evaluation of thermal stresses arising in heating and cooling in the heat treatment process that summing up to the relatively high residual stresses after casting, creates the risk of fractures. The profile of the distribution of chromium in the cross section of the working layer at each time under the action of the stress gradient that occurs during heat treatment of the roll is obtained by calculation. Results To ensure a minimum temperature difference between the surface and the core, it is necessary to reduce the heating and cooling rate, as well as increase the duration of exposure at a given temperature. Reducing the cooling rate from 17 to 3.7°C/h decreases the temperature difference at the surface and in the center of the roll and the intensity of thermal stresses from 29 to 7 MPa. It is established that the rate of heating and cooling should not exceed 10– 15° C/h, and exposure to annealing should be at least 5–7 hours. Scientific novelty. The modes of heat treatment of rolling rolls with a high-chromium cast iron working layer are designed by estimating the level of thermal stresses. The profile of distribution of chromium after various modes of heat treatment is calculated analytically and its mode at which the most uniform distribution of chromium on section of a working layer remains is offered. Practical significance. The developed technique allows to calculate analytically the profile of distribution of chromium after various modes of heat treatment and to choose such a mode at which the most uniform distribution of chromium remains on the section of a working layer.
A frequency determination method for automotive nanosensors
Authors: Gurko Aleksandr , Sergiyenko O.Yu.
Published: December 2021

The growing popularity of nanosensors in various automotive applications requires new methods for counting the frequency of electrical signals, into which the measured non-electrical parameters are converted. This need is because automobile nanosensors are to register very small changes in the measured parameters that, besides, can change very fast. The paper proposes for use in automotive nanosensors a frequency calculation method based on the principle of rational approximation, which meets the above requirements.
Possibility of comprehensive development of students in foreign language classes
Authors: Ponikarovska Svitlana , Novikova Yevgeniya
Published: December 2021

The use of creative methods in teaching a foreign language is one of the factors that contribute to increasing the motivation of students, which is one of the most important prerequisites for success. The importance of creative teaching of English is confirmed by surveys and analysis of learning outcomes, because a great role in the comprehensive development of students is played by the teacher, in particular, the teacher of foreign languages, who, above all, must develop high moral qualities in their educators and build relationships with them on the basis of mutual understanding, mutual assistance, trust and mutual respect in the learning process. The problem of formation and development of a humane personality is dominant in higher education, and the decisive role of the teacher in the formation of human qualities of the student is confirmed by practice and experience. The humanization of the relationship between teacher and student is the basis of the educational function of teaching, the results of which the student will carry out in various activities, in different versions of interpersonal relationships. Goal. The purpose of this work is to analyze the basic principles of comprehensive development of students during language classes. The article emphasizes the need for a creative approach to classes, self-development of the teacher, their mastery of new technologies for learning, including distance learning. Methodology. The purpose and specificity of the study determined the use of the method of description with elements of comparative analysis for a comprehensive coverage of the problem. Results. The article emphasizes the importance of a foreign language teacher's choice of learning strategies, materials and techniques for achieving overall language success. Even during the pandemic and the development of distance learning, the basic requirements for the teacher remain unchanged. In order to successfully solve the problems of learning a foreign language in non-linguistic higher schools, a creative teacher with a high level of education and culture is needed. Оriginality. In particular, the article shows which qualities of teachers are most in demand by students themselves as a result of surveys. Practical value. The article provides some recommendations in order to achieve the desired atmosphere in the classroom, the ways to relieve stress of students who do not easily learn the language, methods of successful interaction in groups. They can be used by foreign language teachers in the classroom and in extracurricular activities.
Study of the influence of vacuum-arc coating on the wear-resistance of piston rings
Authors: Hlushkova Diana
Published: December 2021

The effect of a multilayer vacuum-arc nanostructured Ti-Mo-N coating, its application parameters on the wear resistance of piston rings is studied. The effect of the parameters of vacuum-arc deposition on the nanohardness is established.
Loading capacity of ball bending clutch with straight slots
Authors: Malachschenko Vladimir , Orel Olexsandr , Fedik Vоlodimir
Published: December 2021

Based on previous research results, a more advanced design of ball coupling of freewheel (BCFH) of axial action for starters of internal combustion engines is developed, force interaction and maximum torque for the case when the grooves of one half-clutch are straight, which simplifies manufacturing technology. Calculation schemes for different positions of the main elements are offered, loading of all working surfaces of the new coupling taking into account friction of balls with lateral surfaces of grooves is established.
Study of lifting platforms using three-dimensional computer-aided modeling
Authors: Kyrychenko Igor , Chernikov Alexsandr , Rogovyi Andrey , Ragulin Vіtaliy , Reznikov Alexsandr , Taburov Alexsandr
Published: December 2021

In the modern world, an aerial platform (auto-hydraulic lift) is an integral part of a rich model range of special crane equipment. The first primitive lift consisted of a lever, hinged on the base. A traction rope was placed on one side of the lever, and a counterweight on the other. With the help of his own physical strength, a person was able to rise to a small height using such a simple lifting mechanism. Currently, many types of lifts are used, which differ in height characteristics and the design of the lifting mechanism. Goal. The aim of this work is to study the kinematics of the moving elements of a hydraulic lift using a virtual model created on the basis of the Autodesk Inventor Professional software package. The model is based on an existing physical object. To study the kinematics of individual units and the installation as a whole, we use the method of modeling individual units and units of a machine, collecting them into a single mechanism with the task of all possible movements of structural elements in the Inventor package. Methodology. The assigned tasks can be solved by special design tools that are included in the software product, namely the environment for dynamic modeling, stress analysis. These tools are accessed while working in the "Assembly" environment, using the ribbon tabs "Design" and "Environments". The results of further research will bepresented in future publications.