bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Аcute posterior vitreous detachment
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Volodin P.L. , Belyanina S.I. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

The detachment of the posterior hyaloid membrane (posterior vitreous detachment /PVD/) means the separation of the posterior vitreous cortex from the internal limiting membrane of the retina and the optic disc. Traditionally, PVD is considered as a physiological process associated with the involutional changes of the vitreous body. In most cases, the early stages of acute PVD are asymptomatic. Patients do not seek for medical care until an acute condition occurs along with the development of typical symptoms. It happens when the posterior hyaloid membrane completely separates from the retina and the optic disc, or when complications of this process develop, such as hemorrhages in the vitreous and retina, retinal breaks/tears and detachment, and macular lesions. Taking into consideration the spontaneous PVD onset and the risk of various complications, it is necessary to conduct a thorough research of the etiology and pathogenesis of this process, identify potential predisposing and triggering factors, and to define tactics of patient management, timely detection and treatment of complications. It is important to assess the informational value of special instrumental methods of patient examination, such as B-scan ultrasound imaging and optical coherence tomography. These methods open new perspectives for verifying the diagnostic accuracy, revealing complications, visualizing residual vitreoretinal adhesions, and offering tactics for further patient management. Keywords: acute posterior vitreous detachment, posterior hyaloid membrane, peripheral retinal breaks/tears, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, vitreomacular traction syndrome, B-scan ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography. For citation: Volodin P.L., Belyanina S.I. Аcute posterior vitreous detachment. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):247– 253 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-247-253.
Diagnosis and treatment of descending optic neuritis developed as a manifestation of local viral encephalitis (a clinical case)
Authors:   I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russian Federation, Korsakova N.V. ,   Cheboksary Branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary, Russian Federation, Korsakova E.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

It is well known that the incidence of encephalitis and optic neuritis is relatively high worldwide. Moreover, it is associated with high mortality and disability rates. At the same time, in 45–75% of cases, optic neuritis affects the central nervous system causing its disorders of various severity. Unfortunately, for practicing ophthalmologists and neurologists it is difficult to find a relationship between optical neuritis and inflammation of the brain tissue (especially when it is limited by a certain part of the brain) which underlies the diagnosis of opticoencephalitis. In this context, an ophthalmologist who can use methods of ophthalmological diagnostics will play a more important role. The ophthalmologist will be able to arrive at a topical diagnosis and localize a level of the brain tissue lesion, which is essential for determining the disease but cannot be done by neurologist. This publication presents our own clinical observation describing the specific aspects of diagnosis and treatment of descending optic neuritis co-occurring with viral inflammation of the brain tissue. The article provides analysis of the clinical signs which both impeded and facilitated the process of making the accurate diagnosis. It should be recognized that during the process of opticoencephalitis development, its ophthalmic manifestations for a long time will not only remain a single sign of this focal neurological disorder, but will require timely initiation of etiotropic drugs, using the appropriate routes of administration, doses, and duration of treatment. Thus, it is important to be aware and prepared for detecting viral encephalitis (opticoencephalitis) even at the slightest suspicion for a descending pathway of the diagnosed inflammation of the eye tissues. Keywords: optical neuritis, encephalitis, herpes virus, markers, antibodies, vesicles, ophthalmoscopy, perimetry. For citation: Korsakova N.V., Korsakova E.I. Diagnosis and treatment of descending optic neuritis developed as a manifestation of local viral encephalitis (a clinical case). Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):273–278 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729- 2022-22-4-273-278.
Crude Oil Spills and Respiratory Health of Clean-up Workers: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Abereton Pearl , Ordinioha Best , Mensah-Attipoe Jacob , Oluyemi Toyinbo
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Clean-up workers are affected worldwide by the negative effects of crude oil spills on their health. However, the global data with respect to the consequences of crude oil spillage on the respiratory health (RH) of this vulnerable group is still not adequate. We systematically reviewed the literature’s existing knowledge on global crude oil spills and the RH outcomes of this vulnerable population (the clean-up workers or oil spill responders).

METHODS: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Science Direct databases to identify and systematically review studies of crude oil spills and RH outcomes of clean-up workers published from January 01, 2001, up to June 30, 2022. We excluded in-vitro, animal, and household exposure studies.

RESULTS: We identified 20 articles that assessed the relationship between crude oil spills and RH outcomes of clean-up workers. Most of the studies that addressed the association between crude oil spills and RH outcomes among clean-up workers were prospective and analytical studies, and fewer studies were cross-sectional studies. Most of the articles showed that the RH of clean-up workers is adversely affected both on a short-term and long-term basis with two articles refuting the adverse long-term RH effects of a crude oil spill and one article showing no difference between exposure to crude oil spills and lung parameters of clean-up workers. Less than 50% of the articles reviewed used a spirometry test to assess the RH of clean-up workers. There are also limited studies showing the association between some independent crude oil spills and the RH outcomes of crude oil spill responders like the Hebei Spirit oil spill.

CONCLUSION: There is a high level of exposure to crude oil spills by clean-up workers and this exposure is associated with adverse respiratory health effects. Integrated efforts are needed to curb this menace, thereby reducing crude oil spills to the barest minimum and by extension reducing the adverse respiratory health effects associated with it among this vulnerable population.
Recent Trends in Dry Eye Disease Treatment in Asia
Authors: Kawahara Atsushi
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review. Summarize recent trends in the treatment of dry eye disease (DED) in Asia.

Recent findings. In recent years, effective new generation eye drops, such as dicuafosol ophthalmic solution and rebamipide ophthalmic solution, which are mucin secretion stimulants, and cyclosporine ophthalmic solution, an immunosuppressive agent, have been approved in various countries for the treatment of DED. Additional newer adjunctive therapies such as laser acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy when eye drops do not provide satisfactory results, new generation intense pulsed light therapy for meibomian gland dysfunction-related DED, and human umbilical cord serum eye drops for severe DED are also of interest. These adjunctive therapies target the suppression of inflammation primarily.

Summary. New generation eye drops have made it possible to control mild DED. For patients with moderate to severe disease, the addition of eye drops and adjunctive treatment is recommended. Because DED with an unstable tear film is common in Asia, treatment of DED in Asia might first include mucin secretion-promoting eye drops, with anti-inflammatory treatment preferred if additional treatment is needed. In addition, further research is needed to improve treatment continuity because DED is a chronic disease requiring continuous treatment.
Algo de Las Teorías de Marshall MCluhan, Avant La Lettre, en la Roma del Emperador Adriano
Authors: Centenera Ulecia Jesús
Published: December 2022

El Objetivo del presente estudio es analizar si se podrían aplicar, parcialmente, algunas de las teorías de McLuhan en el imperio romano del emperador Adriano. Tras realizar un breve resumen de las ideas-eje del profesor canadiense, en concreto el concepto de aldea global y el de que el mensaje es el medio, contrastamos las ideas con algunos precedentes, Avant-la-lettre, en la antigüedad clásica, cruzando las mismas con un estudio en profundidad de años del imperio en el siglo II d.C. El ejercicio es provocador, porque es normal actualizar sus teorías en el nuevo entorno digital, como detallamos en la introducción al estado de la cuestión, especialmente de las redes sociales, pero no retrospectivamente. Afirmamos que algunos de los elementos ya existían, o, al menos, tenían algunos puntos en común, y que se pueden aplicar conceptos contemporáneos para explicar la realidad de la antigüedad. El análisis no puede llegar más allá, porque las comparaciones históricas suelen ser un poco excesivas. Pero, es interesante porque da una nueva perspectiva a todo el sistema desarrollado. Como conclusiones, afirmamos que McLuhan centra en su análisis en el cambio radical que supone la imprenta, y luego la televisión, pero ignora dos cosas: que el punto de partida era inferior al del mundo urbano clásico con respecto al siglo XV, y el grado de alfabetización, que no fue tan grande como esperado. Que, aun así, ya existía una cierta “aldea global” por la convergencia administrativa en el mundo romano. Por otro, que el concepto de medios calientes y fríos también sirve como herramienta para analizar las fuentes de comunicación y propaganda imperiales.
Simulation of Ternary Organic Solar Cells to Study the Effects of Morphology and Material Properties on Power Output
Authors: Giovannone Alex , Hershfield Selman
Published: December 2022

Ternary organic solar cells were simulated as a 3D grid of resistors and photodiodes to study how a secondary acceptor as a third material affects the overall blend to optimize for power output. The voltage at zero current, VOC, of the donor and secondary acceptor interfaces should be at least that of the primary system. When the thickness and secondary acceptor conductivity are high, it is better for a secondary acceptor to stick to the main acceptor due to an asymmetry in current pathways. Otherwise, it is better to place the secondary acceptor next to the donor to increase the amount of donor : acceptor interfaces. These results are likely most applicable to the addition of fullerene acceptors into donor : non-fullerene acceptor blends, since their potential benefits come from an increased conductance and morphology as opposed to increasing the absorption spectra.
Elisions of Cholera and Class in David Copperfield
Authors: Mary Kai Patterson
Published: December 2022

This study examines Charles Dickens’s novel David Copperfield (1850) in terms of cholera epidemics that dramatically shaped Victorian discourse on disease and responsibility. As a prominent public figure, Dickens participated in discussions of sanitation reform and legislation. However, he evaded specific discussion of disease within David Copperfield despite the novel’s publication amidst both the passing of the Public Health Act of 1848 and a second cholera outbreak in London. This article argues that Dickens presents disease as an “unspeakable subject” incommensurate with Victorian understandings of cleanliness, propriety, and maintaining the untouchability of the upper classes. Both Dickens and David cleanse all traces of disease to disavow a confrontation of equally uncomfortable subjects, predominately the class inequities and social determinants of health unearthed by the cholera epidemics. An analysis of two major characters demonstrate the unspoken presence of disease in the novel and a preserved prejudice against “filthy” lower-class people.
Evaluating Spatial Filtering on Diffusion MRI Data Harmonization in Parkinsonism
Authors: Corliss Madelyn , Vaillancourt David
Published: December 2022

Background: Parkinsonism is an umbrella term encompassing several disease pathologies that share common motor symptoms. The most prevalent diagnosis is Parkinson’s disease, followed by multiple system atrophy, and progressive supranuclear palsy. Early detection and differentiation between types of Parkinsonism remain an issue in clinical practice.Objective: MRI has the potential to aid the diagnosis of Parkinsonisms. A major hurdle is combining and harmonizing the data across different MRI vendors. The objective of this study was to determine if a full width half maximum gaussian spatial filter helps harmonize data sets collected from different scanners.Methods: Using 17 different MRI scanners, data was collected from 1,002 subjects. First, the data were spatially filtered using different sizes (no filter, 2mm, 4mm, 6mm). Data were then preprocessed and transformed into Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space. Next, support vector machine learning tested the training and validation accuracy of predicting diagnosis at each spatial filter setting.Results: The training and validation data for weighted sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were similar for all filter conditions. Differences between the weighted sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the training groups for all filter sizes were less than 0.1 and less than 0.2 for validation groups.Conclusions: Training and validation predictions did not differ across spatial filters, suggesting the accuracy of the algorithm is robust at different spatial filter sizes. In conclusion, the size of the spatial filter applied to diffusion MRI data does not result in a change in the outcome of the machine learning approach.
Nazi Conspirator, Russian Patriot: Judging General Andrei Vlasov
Authors: Shapiro Julia
Published: December 2022

Lieutenant General A.A. Vlasov was an infamous, high-ranking Soviet defector during the Second World War. After his capture by German soldiers in 1942, Vlasov featured heavily in anti-Soviet German propaganda and organized anti-Soviet resistance in German-occupied territories. He was recaptured by Soviet forces in May 1945 and executed as a traitor in August 1946. Vlasov’s story challenged crucial Soviet narratives about the war and posed a threat to Soviet solidarity and stability in its aftermath. His case was rarely acknowledged among Soviet historians, only resurfacing after its collapse in a wave of nationalistic works that sympathized with Vlasov as a patriot and martyr of Stalinist repression. In the West, numerous political and practical factors since the 1950s have left scholars split on the truth of Vlasov’s intentions, beliefs, and historical impact. His story remains controversial in Russian academia; attempts to rehabilitate Vlasov have been suppressed by the Putin regime. This paper utilizes German and Soviet primary sources from recently declassified Russian state archives, as well as Western, Soviet, and Russian historiographic works from the 1950s to today. This paper demonstrates that Vlasov was intensely preoccupied with how he would be perceived by history; in this pursuit, he actively curated a vague, inconclusive record of his wartime experience. It also assesses why Vlasov’s case presents a unique challenge to historians and remains highly controversial in academic and political discourse under the Putin regime.
An Exploration of Relationships Between Perceptual and Cognitive Racial Biases
Authors: Nathan Fisher  , Maskas Victoria , Addison Sans  , Peter Kvam  , Brian Odegaard
Published: December 2022

People are often biased in how they evaluate characteristics of individuals of different races. Some of these biases are perceptual: for example, the “race-lightness effect” demonstrates that for grayscale photos at equivalent luminance values, the faces of black individuals are frequently judged to be darker than the faces of white individuals. Other biases are cognitive: the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and direct assessments of racial attitudes demonstrate that people hold both negative implicit and explicit racial prejudices. Despite extensive literature on both topics, no study has explored the relationship between perceptual and cognitive racial biases in the same individuals in a within-subjects design. In this experiment, these relationships were explored in 28 individuals using three tasks: in one task, deemed the Race-Lightness Task (RLT), participants completed a 2-interval forced-choice procedure where they were shown pairs of faces (some with European features, some with African features) and asked to judge whether the second face was lighter or darker than the first. In a second task, individuals completed the IAT to measure their associations between race and positive/negative adjectives. Lastly, subjects answered a series of questions to measure explicit attitudes about different racial groups. While results from the RLT and IAT were uncorrelated, a significant correlation was shown between the IAT and a survey question about systemic racism. These results provide preliminary support for the independence of perception and cognition for racially based tasks, and provide insight into the pervasive nature of implicit and explicit racial prejudice.
Survey of Mosquito Larvae for Potential Nematode Parasitic Biological Control in Alachua County
Authors: Venkataramanan Bhuvaneshwari , Larson Priya , Kavanaugh Drake
Published: December 2022

There is an obvious and considerable interest in developing novel methods to control mosquito-borne diseases due to their impacts on mammalian hosts. Biological control practices are sustainable alternatives to chemical control of mosquito populations. Some nematodes are efficient insect parasites and represent a potential source of novel biological control agents. Such beneficial nematodes are potent biological control agents that can remove harmful pests whilst also preserving non-target insect populations. One such nematode, Romanomermis culicivorax, is a parasite of mosquito larvae, inducing paralysis and eventually killing its host. The potential success of a biological control agent can be informed from the current prevalence of native populations. Thus, we conducted a survey of parasitic nematodes in mosquito larvae in Alachua County. Twenty-five samples were obtained from all around Alachua County, with assistance from the Gainesville Department of Public Works Mosquito Control Section. Subsequent visual inspection and PCR for R. culicivorax were conducted to detect the presence of mosquito and nematode DNA in each sample. Out of the twenty-five mosquito samples tested, only one sample tested positive for the presence of the beneficial nematode. This sample was found in an apartment complex in proximity to Devil’s Millhopper Geological State Park. This work demonstrates the presence of mosquito parasitic nematodes in Alachua County, but at very low levels, potentially discouraging the use of such biological control practices. In addition, the proximity of the positive sample to the natural area may indicate the need to preserve such habitats for effective biological control measures.
Student Volunteer Ideal Type Formation in Community Gardens
Authors: Benjamin Joseph
Published: December 2022

A community garden (CG) is a piece of land in which community members come together to grow plants, often food. Historically, gardening programs in the United States have been a response to economic shocks, emphasizing personal responsibility by growing one’s own food to overcome economic issues. Frequently, their purposes include creating social capital and more sustainable food options, with many other ancillary benefits in health, education, value formation, and financial gain. Volunteers are necessary to achieve this. However, student volunteerism in a CG carries many challenges. College towns, including Gainesville, Florida, have a large proportion of transient college-aged residents because of the dominant role that a university holds in that city. These volunteers, being transient, may not contribute to or benefit from the community building central to a CG’s purpose. This is exacerbated by a town-gown divide, the long-standing tensions between the university and the rest of a city. This paper draws from field notes and informal interviews in a community garden located in a college town to investigate these issues. A Weberian ideal type model for student volunteers is constructed, identifying four key characteristics: consistency, willingness to learn, social competency, and self-sufficiency. This ideal type model is then compared to reality in the garden, providing insight into why universities should prepare student volunteers to maximize impact and bridge the town-gown divide.
Influence of Abiotic and Biotic Stressors on the Sensitivity Defenses of Mimosa striglliosa
Authors: Molina Rebecca , Calixto Eduardo , Hahn Philip
Published: December 2022

In plants, chemical and mechanical traits are involved in the defense against environmental stressors. In the case of Mimosa plants, touch-sensitive responses through leaf-closure provide a unique form of mechanical defense. While past research has shown that the impacts of stressors such as competition or short-term drought may cause the chemical defenses in plants to increase or decrease, it is unknown how the interaction of these stressors may influence the efficiency of touch-sensitive responses. In this study, we hypothesized that the touch-sensitive responses of Mimosa strigillosa would strongly differ from regularly watered individuals when subjected to short-term drought. Additionally, we hypothesized that competition would hinder the touch-sensitive response, particularly from competitors in closely related taxa. To test these hypotheses, an experimental design was performed with three competition groups of Mimosa. In each competition group, half of the individuals were subjected to drought conditions. Plants were then subjected to a tactile stimulus in a greenhouse environment, with the degree of leaf closure being measured as an estimate of recovery. Drought was found to be a significant factor of both the rate of change of leaf closure, and the degree of leaf closure.
Examining the Relationship Between First-Gen Students’ Networks and Their Higher Education Journey
Authors: Azaz Nabiha
Published: December 2022

This study seeks to discover the meaningful and impactful high school relationships that first-generation, students of color studying at the University of Florida had while in high school. Personal network maps and student interviews were used to identify the key high school relationships that left a lasting impact on students’ post-high school journeys. Results showed five main relationship types were helpful to students: family, teachers, counselors, self-advocacy, and friends. This paper specifically focuses on the positive impact that friendship/peer support had on first-generation students attending the University of Florida while they navigated high school and the college-going process as this was an unanticipated finding that ended up being significant in the data. Peer support and peer mentorship allowed first-generation students to not only gather information and work through the college application process together with their peers, but peers also supported the emotional well-being of the first-generation students during this time. This study can help stakeholders and educators understand the importance of friendship and peer support among first-generation students while they are in high school and the positive impacts it has on improving their college access.
Examining Language Interactivity Through Classifier Masked Primes in Chinese-English Bilinguals
Authors: Wen Jiang  , Jorge Valdés Kroff
Published: December 2022

One universal characteristic of human languages is grammatical agreement dependencies. In Mandarin Chinese, classifiers, or measure words, are an obligatory grammatical class used to characterize a quantified noun. The classifier is inserted in between the numeral and the noun (i.e., 一张票 yī zhāng piào, one ticket). English lacks classifiers, so their use in Chinese may lead to cross-language influence for bilinguals and second language learners. Previous research has investigated language interactivity in bilinguals, commonly through the masked priming lexical decision task (LDT), a psycholinguistic task where participants decide if a sequence of characters form a real word or not. This study investigated Chinese-English bilinguals at the University of Florida (n= 24). The experimental group consisted of Chinese-dominant bilinguals who have been in an immersive English environment for at least one semester. The control group included monolingual or dominant English bilingual speakers with another language other than Chinese. Participants completed two LDTs in a within–subjects design. Part 1 featured Chinese (L1) classifier masked primes in an overt English (L2) LDT. Part 2 featured L1 translated masked primes sharing a common classifier with target words in the overt L2 LDT. The results indicated no interaction effect between group and congruency conditions in either part (p = 0.334; p = 0.889). These findings reveal no effect of classifier primes in Chinese-English bilinguals, suggesting minimal, or the absence of cross-language influence in this context.
LEED Certified Buildings and Bird-Friendly Window Design
Authors: Tews Aubrey
Published: December 2022

Green buildings (i.e., LEED certified buildings) emphasize access to daylight and views for occupants’ wellbeing, comfort, and productivity. Window glazing allows access to daylight and views but is often detrimental to birds. Annually, up to a billion bird in the United States die due to window collisions. A comprehensive literature review and data analysis of LEED and methods of deterring collisions was conducted to determine solutions to limit bird deaths at LEED certified buildings. Deterrence factors of building design, outdoor surroundings, and occupant behavior were evaluated, due to their collective impact on bird-window collisions. To best prevent collisions and adhere to LEED, window glazing with visual markers and sound deterrents should be used. Certain façades should be avoided and building lights should be turned off during migration season. Additionally, vegetation near buildings is encouraged in LEED certification, but increases the frequency of bird-window collisions. These findings suggest that LEED, particularly the credit “Daylight and Quality Views,” is not completely aligned with current bird-safe design practices. While certain window glazing is acceptable for both LEED and bird-safe design, the two are not mutually exclusive. Due to this, it is recommended that window glazing that aligns with LEED and is bird-safe, is made clear within the LEED “Daylighting and Quality Views” credit description. LEED and bird-safe design practices also have contradictory views on vegetation near buildings. There should also be further research into if vegetation near buildings would still increase bird-window collisions if deterrent factors, such as bird-safe windows, were utilized.
TINJAUAN TERHADAP PERANGKAT DESA DI DESA PASIR EMAS EMAS KECAMATAN BATANG TUAKA (Studi Terhadap Pelaksanaan Pasal 50 Ayat (1) Huruf a Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa)
Authors: Syariffuddin  , Herdiansyah
Published: December 2022

Perangkat desa adalah pejabat pelayan publik, mereka dituntut untuk menjalankan tugasnya melayani masyarakat. Didalam Pasal 50 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa menyatakan bahwa Perangkat Desa harus berpendidikan minimal tamatan SLTA/sederajat. yang jadi permasalahan, bahwa masih banyak perangkat desa di Desa tempat penelitian ini (Pasir Emas Kecamatan Batang Tuaka) yang tidak memiliki pendidikan seperti yang dimaksud. Namun demikian, Perangkat Desa yang bukan lulusan SMA/sederajat masih bisa bertugas sampai masa jabatannya berakhir. Jadi tidak benar Perangkat Desa yang lulus di bawah tingkat SMA harus mundur atau diberhentikan saat ini juga. Pasal 50 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa memang mensyaratkan pendidikan paling rendah bagi perangkat desa ialah tingkat SMA. Akan tetapi, di Undang-Undang tersebut terdapat ketentuan peralihan yang menyebutkan bahwa perangkat desa yang diangkat sebelum ditetapkan Undang-Undang ini masih tetap melaksanakan tugasnya, sampai habis masa tugas berdasarkan surat keputusan pengangkatannya.
Research on Teaching Method Reform in the Course of English Public Speech Based on the Production-oriented Approach － Infused with Xi Jinping's Thoughts of "Youth should Practice the Socialist Core Values"
Authors: Hao Mina
Published: December 2022

The use of production-oriented approach can help students maintain a high degree of thirst for knowledge, while ideological and political education assist the students to keep pace with the times and conforms to the spirit of the new era. Both increases the motivation of students to learn language skills, which is conducive to the establishment of higher life goals, deeper ideological cognition, and promotes students' comprehensiveness. Thus, this research focuses on the teaching reform of English public speech course, with Xi Jinping's thoughts of "Youth Practice Socialist Core Values" as political guidance and applying the production-oriented approach as the teaching method. It aims to find out whether in this way it can subtly improve students' ideological and political heights and cultivate students' civic literacy, and accomplish the basic goal of cultivating morality.
Classroom Interaction — Different Turn Designs of Question and Evaluation of Teacher's Talk
Authors: Li Yingxuan
Published: December 2022

As the core element of classroom interaction, teacher's talk plays an extremely vital role in that it contains numerous question and evaluation turns. It's through the question-answer-evaluation sequence that the teacher raises different class topics, tests the students, and gives further feedback. There are different ways for the teacher to raise questions and evaluate the students' answers. Consequently, this paper will analyze and classify various types of turn designs of question and evaluation in teacher's talk based on real classroom observation, thus shedding light on pedagogical and practical implications for teaching and learning.
Using Technology to Support Authentic Learning Approach in Social Studies Education: A Learning Design for a Social Studies Subject
Authors: Tan Chen
Published: December 2022

In recent years, countries around the world have set off a trend of developing students' core competencies for the 21st century. Educators realized that traditional teaching method may no longer meet the needs for changing working and learning environment. Authentic learning provides a new platform for cultivating talents and developing core competencies. However, empirical research on authentic learning has not reached a consensus on the understanding of authenticity learning which creates challenges for educators to implement authentic learning in their teaching practices. From different scholars' understanding of authenticity learning, the common questions are around: how "real" is authenticity learning before it can be called authentic learning? What are the characteristics of authentic learning? Can technology be effectively implemented in the classroom to assist authentic learning? This paper discusses the implications of "authenticity" and "authenticity learning", summarizes the characteristics of authentic learning from the aspects of the composition of learning activities, and explores a TPACK model that can apply the theory of authentic learning from a learning design in Business Studies as an example. Through the exploration of these theories and practices, this paper is expected to provide valuable reference for schools and teachers to implement the concept of authenticity learning, so that the theory of authentic learning can give full play to the maximum efficiency in teaching and learning practice.
An Interpretation of Multiple Values in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice
Authors: Sun Qi
Published: December 2022

The Merchant of Venice is a satirical play by William Shakespeare, written during the Renaissance. The rise of humanism in this period gave rise to equality, freedom, tolerance and self-worth. However, the traditional thinking in the Medieval Ages and the reality of social development had fettered humanism and made the social values full of contradictions and conflicts. The Merchant of Venice is a true reflection of the society at that time under such historical background. The story involves rich and diversified social values. This paper tries to interpret the diversified values in The Merchant of Venice drama from several aspects such as love, friendship, money, gender and religion
Qualidade de Vida de Sobreviventes de Câncer Onco-hematológicos Submetidos ao Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoiéticas: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura
Authors: Vigarinho Michele Eugênio da Silva , De Domenico Edvane Birelo Lopes , Matsubara Maria das Graças Silva
Published: December 2022

Introdução: Os avanços no tratamento relacionado ao câncer onco-hematológico têm resultado em um crescente número de pacientes submetidos ao transplante de células tronco-hematopoiéticas (TCTH) com êxito terapêutico, o que exige maior atenção com a qualidade de vida (QV) dos sobreviventes. Objetivo: Identificar a QV dos sobreviventes onco-hematológicos submetidos ao TCTH. Método: Revisão integrativa, entre 2011 a 2021, com busca nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, SciELO e Biblioteca Cochrane. Utilizou-se a estratégia SPIDER para responder às questões norteadoras; e o nível de evidência foi classificado segundo o Instituto Joanna Briggs. Resultados: Vinte e seis artigos foram incluídos. Os instrumentos mais utilizados para medir a QV foram o Quality of Life Questionnare – Core 30 e o Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplantation. Variáveis biopsicossociais, educacionais e clínicas, como comorbidades, antecedentes, condições epidemiológicas e tipo de condicionamento não influenciaram significativamente a QV dos sobreviventes onco-hematológico submetidos ao TCTH. A QV apresentou comprometimento na vigência de problemas físicos crônicos, reinternações, encargos financeiros, doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro, fadiga, sintomas psicológicos, infecções recorrentes, disfunções no funcionamento sexual e fértil, neoplasias secundárias e sintomas físicos como dor e distúrbios do sono. Conclusão: O sobrevivente do TCTH mantém demandas de cuidados biopsicossociais que influenciam negativamente a QV, evidenciando a necessidade de cuidado multidimensional.
Quanto você Sabe sobre Câncer de Mama? Avaliação do Nível de Conhecimento da População Brasileira
Authors: Boaventura Luiz Fernando , Cima Bernardo Perin , Lindenau Juliana Dal-Ri
Published: December 2022

Introdução: Apesar dos esforços de conscientização da população, permanecem altas a incidência e a mortalidade decorrente de câncer de mama em mulheres brasileiras. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de conhecimento da população brasileira sobre os fatores de risco que levam ao desenvolvimento dessa doença. Método: Foi utilizado um questionário estruturado on-line, enviado de setembro a dezembro de 2021, por meio das redes sociais e e-mail. Os participantes foram divididos em subgrupos (escolaridade, área de formação profissional, gênero, contato com indivíduos afetados pela doença e faixas de idade), e o teste de qui-quadrado foi realizado para verificar diferenças significativas entre eles. Resultados: Analisando as 200 respostas válidas da amostra como um todo, a taxa de acertos foi alta, ficando acima dos 70%. Ao contrapor os subgrupos, foram identificados resultados significativos para as análises relativas a escolaridade (p=0,016), área de formação (p=0,004), gênero (p=0,045) e proximidade com a doença (p=0,004), em que foi observado que as menores taxas de acertos foram de pessoas com o nível de escolaridade mais baixa, que não fazem parte da área de saúde, do sexo masculino e que não tiveram contato com pessoas próximas portadoras da doença. Conclusão: Foi possível avaliar o conhecimento dos participantes sobre o tema, entretanto, as ações atuais tomadas por grupos de extensão e divulgação científica e instituições de combate ao câncer de mama são válidas para alguns subgrupos, mas precisam atingir com mais qualidade pessoas de menor escolaridade, pessoas que não possuem formação na área da saúde e pessoas do sexo masculino.
Self Hypnosis Menurunkan Ketidaknyamanan Kehamilan pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Alita Riadinni , Rachmawati Imami Nur , Gayatri Dewi
Published: December 2022

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan komplikasi merupakan permasalahan dimasa perinatal yang disebabkan kondisi ibu hamil maladaptif selama kehamilan. Diperlukan terapi selama trimester III untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan kehamilan. Tujuan riset ini untuk menguji pengaruh self hypnosis terhadap penurunan ketidaknyamanan kehamilan pada ibu hamil trimester III. Penelitian ini merupakan randomized clinical trial dengan penentuan kelompok intervensi dan kontrol menggunakan randomisasi blok. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 66 responden, terdiri dari 33 responden sebagai kelompok intervensi yang diberikan self hypnosis selama dua minggu  dan 33  responden sebagai kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner Maternal Physical Discomfort Scale (MPDS) dan Prenatal Self- Evaluation Questionnaire (PSEQ-II). Hasil penelitin menunjukkan penurunan rerata ketidaknyamanan kehamilan setelah self hypnosis pada kelompok intervensi (p=0,001; α=0,05). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan instrumen MPDS untuk mengukur ketidaknyamanan kehamilan dan self hypnosis dapat dikombinasikan dengan intervensi lain yang meningkatkan kenyamanan selama kehamilan.
Literature Review Kejadian Depresi Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis yang Menjalani Terapi Hemodialisis
Authors: Nurfajri Qurrata A'yunnin Fitra , Murtaqib Murtaqib , Widayati Nur
Published: December 2022

Perubahan fisik, psikologis, dan sosial ekonomi yang dialami pasien gagal ginjal kronik (GGK) yang menjalani terapi hemodialisa dapat menyebabkan depresi dan menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan depresi pada pasien GGK yang menjalani hemodialisis. Literature review ini menggunakan checklist PRISMA untuk menyeleksi artikel. Artikel diperoleh dari database Sage Journals, ScienceDirect, PubMed, ResearchGate, ProQuest, Google Scholar, dan Garuda yang terbit dari tahun 2016 hingga 2021 dan memenuhi kriteria. Penilaian kualitas artikel menggunakan JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. Sebelas artikel berdesain cross sectional digunakan dalam literature review ini. Kejadian depresi berkisar antara 44% hingga 100% pada tiga artikel yang penelitiannya dilakukan di Indonesia dan 32,4% hingga 68% pada tujuh artikel yang penelitiannnya dilakukan di berbagai negara. Sebagian besar pasien dalam penelitian ini mengalami depresi ringan. Lima artikel menyebutkan responden menjalani hemodialisis kurang dari satu tahun, 3 artikel menyebutkan responden menjalani hemodialisis dalam rentang satu hingga tiga tahun dan 3 artikel tidak menyebutkan lama waktu melakukan hemodialisis. Depresi dapat terjadi pada pasien dengan durasi hemodialisis kurang dari 12 bulan maupun dengan durasi yang lebih lama. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi depresi adalah durasi hemodialisis, jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan, status perkawinan, pekerjaan, pendapatan, kelelahan, kelelahan mental, pola tidur, gejala fisik, dan pengaturan tempat tinggal.
Therapeutic itineraries of children with the early loss of primary teeth: A qualitative phenomenological study
Authors: Valentim Bitencourt Fernando , Falcão Gaspar Cristiane , Scheffler Carolina , Almeida Rodrigues Jonas , Fernanda Ceriotti Toassi Ramona
Published: December 2022

Background: Children with untreated dental caries tend to have a higher prevalence of early tooth loss, causing physical, psychosocial, and financial impacts on children and their families. The present study aims to understand the therapeutic itineraries of children with the early loss of primary teeth due to caries by analyzing the access to and integrality of care. Methods: This was a qualitative phenomenological study. Participants were caregivers, aged 18 years or older, of children up to 12 years of age who attended the University Dental Clinic of a Public University in Southern Brazil. Analysis of medical records and interviews were performed. The saturation criterion defined the sample size (n=44). Results: Public and private health services were accessed by families in the search for treatments for children's oral health conditions until they reached the University Dental Clinic. Children experiencing suffering and pain, who had had multiple extractions, and families affected financially and emotionally by the oral health condition of their children highlighted these itineraries. The resilience of these families in overcoming the challenges experienced and their continuous efforts to find solutions for the oral health care of their children were emphasized. Their relations with students and teachers at the University Dental Clinic were also discussed. Conclusion: The study showed a range of paths taken by children and their families and suggested weaknesses in ensuring the integrality of care for children in the Brazilian National Health System. Qualitative analysis of the therapeutic itineraries of children’s families presented in this study is proposed as a complementary tool for health care. This study has the potential to contribute to the evaluation of health services in the country, strengthening children's oral health.
Rise against the machine: Creating global health for vulnerable populations through child nutrition
Authors: Fury Meryl , Bruno Carrie , Nagella Ashok
Published: December 2022

There has been much talk about the connection between Global North food systems, health, and climate change. However, very little action has been taken that has made a measurable difference. The authors propose a novel view of the structure of our food system and what we can do to mitigate its impact on the environment, health, and vulnerable populations, with our children being the most vulnerable of all. Finally, a detailed outline of a viable solution is provided.
Nahdlatul Ulama’s Fox Elite Fox Dei in Contemporary Indonesia: An Aborted Baby of Deliberative Democracy?
Authors: Lubis Sahruddin , Zamharir Hari
Published: December 2022

As a major mass Islamic organization, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) has been influential both in culture and politics in Indonesia. In consonance with the decline of democratic politics across the globe, NU internal organization experiences the practice of deliberative democracy with elite deliberation or fox elite fox Dei as its procedure of electing its top leader/Spiritual Leader or Rais Am. Two practices were done at the two NU National Congresses (Muktamar) in 1984 and 2015. This procedure is called Ahlul Hall Wal Aqd (AHWA), as one of the legacies of Muslim civilization. The paper makes an account of this elite deliberation to explore how effective the practice was in developing better practices of democracy. The research is qualitative, along with the perspective of the theory of deliberative democracy. It is our result that the practice of fox elite fox Dei has not been satisfactory in terms of some defects in implementing the rule of the game. NU’s culture of deliberation under the methods of halaqah and Bah-tsul Masaail has been promising, but NU’s elites have not been prepared to harvest it to improve the application of the AHWA procedure.
Spanish Influence among Filipinos: A Sociolinguistic Theory
Authors: Miñoza Joemar , Sedanza Mary Anne , Casimero John Gil , Gomez Raymart , Moneva Jerald
Published: December 2022

Spanish colonialism has led to raising a significant issue of how much influence Filipino millennials have felt from it until today, particularly on our language, culture, and identity. Several research undertakings have been conducted, but there was rare to none that is conducted specifically for the prevalence of Spanish Colonialism through a linguistic perspective in the Visayan Region, which becomes the drive of the conduct of this research. This paper aimed to explore the prevalence of Spanish influence through linguistic perspective among Visayan college freshmen. The study used qualitative design employing the interpretative phenological method of investigation to offer insights into how informants make sense of a given situation. Seven (7) informants were purposively and conveniently selected for an in-depth interview to elicit the necessary information. The qualitative data gathered from the interviews were transcribed and encoded using a word document to tabulate and generate codes with their emerging themes. The study revealed seven themes which are: Religious Practice and Language Use; Cultural Transmission; Familiarity with the Spanish Language; Variation of Affective Impressions; Comfortability of Using the Language and Preference of Learning the Native Visayan Language; Assimilation of Spanish Mentality and its Influences to our Language, Culture and Identity; and Confirmation of Spanish influence. It was concluded then that Spanish Colonialism is still prevalent today from a sociolinguistic perspective, in other words, the confirmation of the relationship between language and culture. The intertwined relationship between these two makes the Spanish colonization very alive and prevalent up until today, which was keenly used by the colonizer to maintain their holds on the colonized. The results of this study could generate efforts to revive our language and culture because doing so is tantamount to reviving our own identity as Visayan Filipino. However, we will still continue to assimilate or conform to what we are used to speaking. Certainly, the beauty with the effort of preservation will enrich our language and culture as the trend of assimilating the Spanish one goes on.