bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic analysis of celecoxib in amphiprotic and amphiprotic-aprotic solvent mixtures at several temperatures
Authors: Peña M. Ángeles , Escalera Begoña , Torres Norma
Published: February 2020

The solubilities of celecoxib (CLX), a COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, were determined in water-ethanol and ethanol-ethyl acetate mixtures at several temperatures (288.15-308.15 K). The solubility curves as a function of ethanol ratio were studied at five temperatures, they showed a single maximum located at 50% ethanol-ethyl acetate (δ1 = 22.50 MPa1/2). The measurements of the variation of inherent drug solubility with temperature were used to estimate different thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy of solution (ΔHS,ΔSS and ΔGShm, respectively). The apparent enthalpies of the solution were a nonlinear function of the ethanol ratio in aqueous mixture. Non-linear enthalpy-entropy compensation analysis was observed indicating different dissolution mechanism with the variation in mixtures composition. The solubility enhancement is entropy driven at water-rich region (0-40% v/v ethanol) and enthalpy controlled at ethanol-rich region (40–100% v/v ethanol), likely due to water-structure loss around nonpolar moieties of the drug and for the ethanol-rich mixtures it is the enthalpy, probably due to the drug better solvation.
A descrição teórica da detecção eletroanalítica do letrozol, assistida pelo compósito VO(OH)-polipirrol, obtido catodicamente
Authors: Tkach Volodymyr V. , Kushnir Marta V. , Storoshchuk Nataliia M. , De Oliveira Sílvio C. , Luganska Olga V. , Kopiika Vira V. , Briosa e Gala Hélder , Baddouh Ali , Yagodynets´ Petro I.
Published: February 2020

O processo da determinação eletroanalítica do fármaco letrozol, assistida pelo compósito VO(OH)-polipirrol, obtido mediante um processo catódico, foi descrito teoricamente. Tanto para a síntese do compósito, como para o processo eletroanalítico foi sugerido e analisado, mediante a teoria de estabilidade linear e análise de bifurcações, um modelo matemático. Foi mostrado que, ao contrário da eletrossíntese de polipirrol catódica, iniciada por um composto na solução, o polipirrol resultante tem uma morfologia mais “centrada” aos centros ativos da matriz, dopados pelos cátions VO2+. No entretanto, tanto a síntese do compósito, como o seu desempenho eletroanalítico com o letrozol podem ser considerados eficientes.
Potentialities of the Colombian propolis in pharmaceutics and cosmetics: A standpoint from the quality control
Authors: Correa-González Yuly Ximena , Rojas-Cardozo Maritza Adelina , Mora-Huertas Claudia Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

Propolis is a hive product made by bees from vegetable exudates that are mixed with their secretions. The value of this material is established in terms of the content of biologically active molecules, that analytically is represented by parameters such as ethanol-soluble compounds (resins), oxidation index, phenolic compounds and total content of flavonoids. On the contrary, if propolis has a high percentage of waxes, mechanic impurities or heavy metals, it is classified as a sub-standard beekeeping product. On this basis, this research work illustrates the use of quality control as a strategy to identify the possible application of two samples of Colombian propolis for developing innovative pharmaceutic and cosmetic formulations. The results evidence that the investigated samples are low-quality propolis because of their high waxes content. However, far from being a disadvantage, these waxes could generate added value when they are incorporated, for example, in products requiring lipid components as nano and microparticulate systems or nanofibrous composite scaffolds and films.
THE SCREEN-WAY OF FORMING WEDDING GRAPHICS IN THE UKRAINIAN TRADITION
Authors: Slavinska Alla , Verzhbyczka Tatyana , Syrotenko Oksana
Published: February 2020

The "screen" way of determining the stylistics of the Ukrainian wedding dress on the basis of the rhythmic structure of an ethnic costume is offered. The modern ensembles of the bride and groom in the Ukrainian style are actually analyzed. The photos plates of ideas for wedding ensembles for the "screen"- survey are developed. The capsules of the traditional Ukrainian ethnic dress in the compositional transformation of the bride’s wedding dress have been explored. A short notation of the geometry of a form of a wedding dress in the Ukrainian style has been developed. The triangle of the compositional dominant of the main part of the embroidery and the identity of the authenticity of the image is determined.
POPULATION DYNAMIC AND SPAWNING POTENTIAL RATIO OF SHORT MACKEREL (Rastrelliger brachysoma Bleeker, 1851) IN THE NORTHERN COAST OF JAVA
Authors: ZAMRONI ACHMAD , Ernawati Tri
Published: February 2020

Short mackerel fish (Rastrelliger brachysoma) is one of small pelagic fish mostly exploited by mini purse seine fishing gear. Exploitation of short mackerel by mini purse seine has an increasing trend every year and suspected to have negative impacts. One of the negative impact is the decrease of fish abundance, so it is necessary to carry out population dynamics and Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) studies through length-based approach to provide exploitation indicator as biology reference point. The result of length-weight relationship analysis shows that the growth pattern (b = 2.3483) is negative allometry. The estimated length at first capture and its first sexual maturity analysis shows that the value of length at first capture (Lc = 15.4 cm FL) is greater than the length at first sexual maturity (Lm = 15.21 cm FL). The estimated maximum length (L∞) is 21.05 cm FL with growth rates (K) is 1.01 year-1 and t0 at -0.177 years. The estimated total mortality (Z) was 5.48 year-1, natural mortality (M) was 2.02 year-1 and fishing mortality (F) was 3.46 year-1. The predicted exploitation rate (E) is 0.63 which higher than the optimum value (E = 0.5). The estimated length-based SPR (LB-SPR) of 30% (SPR > 20% or above limit) means that short mackerel fishing activity has full exploitation.
GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF KISSING GOURAMI (Helostoma temminckii Cuvier, 1829) IN OGAN RIVER, SOUTH SUMATRA INFERRED FROM 16S rRNA AND COI MITOCHONDRIAL GENES
Authors: Arisuryanti Tuty , Pratama Gregorius Altius , Hakim Lukman , Koentjana Johan Putra , Nazira Fitria Kurnia
Published: February 2020

Genetic characterization data of kissing gourami are important to understand historical lineage thus enhancing sustainability of the species and to establish regulation for sustainable management of the fish stock in their habitat. However, investigation of genetic characterization of kissing gourami, one of native Indonesian freshwater fishes has poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine genetic characterization of the fish species collected from Ogan River, South Sumatra using partial sequences of two mitochondrial genes, 16S rRNA and COI. The results revealed that for the 621 bp determined in 16S rRNA gene of the samples, five sites were variable, of which one was parsimony informative. Concatenate data revealed three haplotypes with an overall haplotype diversity of 0.833±0.222 and nucleotide diversity of 0.003±0.001. The genetic divergence varied from 0-0.49%. Next, sequence analysis of COI gene exhibited 609 bp which can be translated into 203 amino acids. For the 609 bp sequence determined in the fish samples, three haplotypes were revealed with nine variable sites and two parsimony informatives. Haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the fish samples were 0.833±0.22 and 0.00794±0.0025, respectively. The haplotype divergence between the fish samples was also supported by three nonsynonymous codons. In addition, the genetic divergence varied from 0 % to 1.16 %. The results suggest that genetic variation of the kissing gourami has to be monitored and further studies are needed to compare the same species from different location to know the historical lineage and demography.
CORAL REEF CONDITION IN RELATION TO CORAL REEF FISH ABUNDANCES BEFORE MASS BLEACHING EVENT IN SIMEULUE ISLANDS, ACEH
Authors: Wisha Ulung Jantama , Ondara Koko , Gemilang Wisnu Arya , Rahmawan Guntur Adhi , Dhiauddin Ruzana , Ilham Ilham
Published: February 2020

Bordered with the Indian Ocean, Simeulue Islands is one of the outermost islands in Indonesia located in the west part of Aceh Province. Simeulue waters are productive areas due to the unpolluted condition yet and great of biomass. Three regions were particularly observed, those are Simeuluecut, Ganting, and Labuhan Bajau. In those areas, the existing marine tourism activities might influence the coral reef ecosystem studied. This study aimed to evaluate the condition of coral and coral reef fish in those three particular regions before mass bleaching event in 2016 triggered by ENSO. Point Intercept Transect (PIT) method was employed to record the percentage cover of coral, species diversity, and coral reef fish. Ganting waters was a moderate ecosystem area whith the percentage coverage was up to 45.62%. However, in Simeuluecut and Labuhan Bajau waters, the coral reef communities were excellent with coral percentage coverage reached 83.12% and 81.25 %, respectively. The highest  abundance genera of coral reef fish was observed in Simueluecut waters. This condition was changed oppositely in 2016 when mass bleaching threatened Simeulue waters due to temperature anomaly triggered by ENSO phenomenon. The temperature increases almost 3oC for 6 months that undoubtedly induced bleaching that about 50% of coral colonies were dramatically declined in coral coverage and coral recruitment.
IMPLEMENTASI PENUTUPAN AREA DAN MUSIM PENANGKAPAN UNTUK PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN UDANG DI LAUT ARAFURA
Authors: Wijopriono Wijopriono, , Wiadnyana Ngurah N , Dharmadi Dharmadi , Suman Ali
Published: February 2020

Kajian penutupan area dan waktu penangkapan udang telah dilakukan, menyusul pemberlakuan moratorium perizinan usaha perikanan tangkap dan pelarangan pengoperasian trawl di Laut Arafura. Kajian ini diperlukan untuk memberikan perspektif pilihan strategi dalam upaya pemulihan stok, dengan pertimbangan manfaat ekonomi dan keberlanjutan sumberdaya udang di Laut Arafura. Dalam status lebih tangkap yang tinggi, lebih banyak diterapkan strategi penutupan musim pada periode pemijahan dan masa perekrutan untuk melindungi induk dan juvenile udang. Dari data biologi, runut kehidupan, dan pola penangkapan udang, diperoleh dua pilihan strategi, yaitu: penutupan sepanjang tahun area penangkapan di sisi barat laut Arafura yang diketahui sebagai habitat pemijahan udang, atau menghentikan seluruh kegiatan pengoperasian pukat udang dan pukat ikan di Laut Arafura pada musim puncak pemijahan, yaitu periode Februari dan Agustus-September. Keputusan pemilihan kedua strategi tersebut memiliki konsekuensi yang berbeda dari sisi biologi, ekonomi dan sosial. Penutupan musim akan efektif jika disertai tindakan lain seperti kontrol tangkapan dan pembatasan jumlah armada/alat tangkap serta kebijakan teknis lainnya seperti kewajiban penggunaan by-catch reduction device (BRD) pada pukat udang dan ikan, penempatan observer diatas kapal, kewajiban penggunaan peralatan vessel monitoring system (VMS) dan sistem pelaporannya.Assement of seasonal and area closure of fishing has been conducted, following the enactment of moratorium on the capture fisheries business and the prohibition of trawling operations in the Arafura Sea. This work is needed to provide a strategic option perspective in the efforts of rebuilding stock, taking into consideration the economic benefits and sustainability of shrimp resources in the Arafura Sea. In situation ofheavy over-exploited, more seasonal closing strategies are adopted during the spawning period and recruitment periods to protect broodfish and juveniles. Based on biological data including life history and shrimp fishing patterns, two strategic options are obtained, i.e., year-round closing of fishingareas on the western side of Arafura Sea known as shrimp spawning habitat, or stop shrimp and fish trawl fishing activities in all areas of the Arafura Sea duringpeak spawning season, i.e., in February and August-September. Decisions on the selection of these two strategies have different biological, economic and social consequences. Seasonal closure will be effective if accompanied by other measures such as catch control and fleet/fishing gear restrictions and other technical policies such as obligation to install by-catch reduction device (BRD) on shrimp and fish trawls, placement of observer onboard of the vessels, obligation to install the equipment of vessel monitoring system (VMS) and their reporting systems.
CFD-моделювання руху холодоагенту по трубопроводу мультизональної системи кондиціонування повітря
Authors: Жуковецька Л. С. , Слушна Н. В.
Published: February 2020

Технології просторової візуалізації і симуляції роботи технологічного обладнання набули особливої актуальності завдяки тому, що забезпечують істотно більш наочний спосіб розгляду проектованого об'єкта. Віртуальні прототипи, в ролі яких виступають 3D моделі, дозволяють проаналізувати роботу обладнання перед прийняттям проектних рішень. При вивченні та дослідженні моделей істотну допомогу надає анімація – тобто відтворення і демонстрація моделі в процесі її формування або зміни.У даній статті описується моделювання потоку рідини в замкнутому контурі на основі твердотільної просторової моделі елементів мультизональної системи кондиціонування. В якості системи просторового моделювання та аналізу використаний продукт компанії SolidWorks Inc. Для моделювання потоку використовується інструмент Flow Simulation, який включений в SolidWorks і реалізує методи обчислювальної гідродинаміки.
При підготовці до дослідження була створена просторова модель і сформована розрахункова область. Суть формування розрахункової області зводиться до виділення на моделі замкнутого контуру, що відповідає умовам наявності стінок зіткнення і обмеженості вхідних і вихідних отворів.
Після чого задача аналізу протікання рідини по замкнутому контуру зводиться до вирішення стаціонарної задачі внутрішнього типу. В цьому випадку замкнута порожнина – це і є рідинний простір, а заглушки на кінцях отворів трубопроводу є тими елементами, які завершують формування системи "рідина-тіло". Для такої системи вже можливе проведення гідрогазодинамічного аналізу за допомогою Flow Simulation.
Використання комплексу сучасних програмних засобів забезпечило візуальну оцінку картини перебігу холодоагенту по трубопроводу мультизональної системи кондиціонування, необхідну для визначення проблемних місць.
Автоматизації замісу тіста з використанням нейронної мережі.
Authors: Жигайло О. М. , Нечепуренко В. В. , Добровольський В. В.
Published: February 2020

На сучасних хлібопекарських підприємствах продовжує існувати проблема отримання якісного хліба. Вона виникає внаслідок постійної зміни властивостей як основної сировини (борошна) так і допоміжних рецептурних компонентів (дріжджів, концентрату молочно-кислої закваски, цукрових та соляних розчинів). Тому технологи-хлібопекарі, з метою підвищення якості результатів процесу замісу тіста, використовують різноманітні програми управління тістомісильними машинами. Вибір цих програм не обходиться без втручання “людського фактору”, а це може негативно вплинути на кінцевий результат. Якщо реалізовувати більш ефективне реагування на ці зміни під час замісу, то можна добитися підвищення рівня стабільності якісних показників готового тіста на всіх подальших етапах його обробки.
Для пошуку можливостей вирішення цієї задачі пропонується проведення аналізу кластерної структури партій борошна, що відрізняються по показникам якості (число падіння, кількість клейковини та якість клейковини), а також дослідження результатів замісу тіста при різних програмах та з різними партіями борошна. Було підтверджено вплив хлібопекарних властивостей борошна на взаємозв’язок тривалості та інтенсивності замісу з якістю тіста, що виготовлюється. Це обумовило доцільність формування програм для тістомісильної машини на основі результатів кластерного аналізу, який надає можливість отримати додаткову, корисну інформацію для автоматизації процесу управління. Тому запропонована реалізація алгоритму автоматичного вибору програми замісу тіста для тістомісильної машини та її корегування під час замісу за допомогою штучних нейронних мереж.
Корегування залежить від реологічних властивостей тіста на які, в першу чергу, впливає сила борошна. Саме вона забезпечує процес його формування з необхідними структурно-механічними властивостями (пружність, пластичність, еластичність, в’язкість), які поєднуються і постійно змінюються в ході технологічного процесу. Оцінка цих властивостей тіста, має більш інтегральні ознаки, більш об’єктивна. Для цього можуть  використовуватися два варіанти: 1) експериментальний заміс на фаринографі з реєстрацією фаринограми в електронному вигляді; 2) вимірювання та реєстрація активної потужності споживаної електроприводом місильного органу під час замісу тіста. Далі, по зареєстрованим даним, проводиться автоматичний розрахунок необхідних показників властивостей тіста і здійснюється корегування параметрів програми замісу.
The hobby-horse as a national and cultural component of the concept “horse” in the English linguoculture
Authors: Chibirov Timur
Published: February 2020

The article dealt with a certain fragment of the linguistic world view, which is significant to be studied to provide a number of ways of describing of the national and cultural component of the concept “horse” in the English linguoculture. The article provides the description of a number of costume calendar customs prevalent in different parts of Great Britain after XIII century, with a central element the hobby-horse, which according to a number of authors (Lamb, Pikli), subsequently became a symbol of mass culture. The article considers the functioning of the studied fragment of the linguistic world view in the English phraseology and literary texts. The presented ethnographic material indicates to different functions, features and associative links of the hobby-horse, which is a central element of the described customs. The phraseological representation reflects the studied fragment of the linguistic world view in a partial way and indicates apparently to its later development. In its turn, the analysis of literary texts supported by ethnographic material, allowed to track the dynamics of new meanings emergence of the lexeme hobby-horse and its old meanings disappearance that were widespread in certain historic periods. The article concludes that the considered examples of the hobby-horse in literary texts though convey different meanings with either positive or negative connotation, however come from the common source (‘prancing hobby-horse of the morris dance’).
RILEM TC 247-DTA round robin test: carbonation and chloride penetration testing of alkali-activated concretes
Authors: Gluth Gregor J. G. , Arbi Kamel , Bernal Susan A. , Bondar Dali , Castel Arnaud , Chithiraputhiran Sundararaman , Dehghan Alireza , Dombrowski-Daube Katja , Dubey Ashish , Ducman Vilma , Peterson Karl , Pipilikaki Penny , Valcke Siska L. A. , Ye Guang , Zuo Yibing , Provis John L.
Published: February 2020

Many standardised durability testing methods have been developed for Portland cement-based concretes, but require validation to determine whether they are also applicable to alkali-activated materials. To address this question, RILEM TC 247-DTA ‘Durability Testing of Alkali-Activated Materials’ carried out round robin testing of carbonation and chloride penetration test methods, applied to five different alkali-activated concretes based on fly ash, blast furnace slag or metakaolin. The methods appeared overall to demonstrate an intrinsic precision comparable to their precision when applied to conventional concretes. The ranking of test outcomes for pairs of concretes of similar binder chemistry was satisfactory, but rankings were not always reliable when comparing alkali-activated concretes based on different precursors. Accelerated carbonation testing gave similar results for fly ash-based and blast furnace slag-based alkali-activated concretes, whereas natural carbonation testing did not. Carbonation of concrete specimens was observed to have occurred already during curing, which has implications for extrapolation of carbonation testing results to longer service life periods. Accelerated chloride penetration testing according to NT BUILD 443 ranked the tested concretes consistently, while this was not the case for the rapid chloride migration test. Both of these chloride penetration testing methods exhibited comparatively low precision when applied to blast furnace slag-based concretes which are more resistant to chloride ingress than the other materials tested.
UAE’s commitment towards UN Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Umar Tariq , Egbu Charles , Ofori George , Honnurvali Mohamed Shaik , Saidani Messaoud , Shibani Abdussalam , Opoku Alex , Gupta Naren , Goh Keng
Published: February 2020

In 2015, the UN member countries, on mutual understanding, identified 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), to be achieved by 2030. According to several reports, some countries are reflecting good progress, but overall, no country is on track towards achieving all the UN SDGs. This paper aims to show the progress and commitment of the UAE towards UN SDGs. A qualitative research approach using a systematic literature review complying with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses and a semi-structured interview was adapted to achieve the aim of this research. The results reflect that the Emirates has achieved only one goal. Most of the remaining goals are not on track to be achieved by 2030. In fact, some of the goals related to energy and climate are becoming riskier. The country under its different initiatives aims to invest a total of US$163·35 billion in different projects that target to achieve 50% clean energy by 2050. It is, however, not clear from the government strategy how these targets will be achieved. Similarly, the government needs to ensure a close relationship between organisations so that the action of one unit does not derail the plans of other organisations.
Processamento neural de frases em português brasileiro em monolíngues e bilíngues: um estudo com fMRI dos efeitos da compreensão leitora na ativação cerebral
Authors: Bailer Cyntia , Tomitch Lêda Maria Braga
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta um recorte de uma tese desenvolvida no Núcleo de Estudos em Leitura na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina em parceria com o Center for Cognitive Brain Imaging na Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh, PA, EUA). O estudo, de natureza transversal, quantitativa e exploratória, objetivou investigar cérebros de monolíngues do português-brasileiro e bilíngues do par linguístico português-brasileiro e inglês e sua resposta neuroanatômica ao processamento de frases escritas. Para os fins deste artigo, delimitou-se detalhar os resultados relativos ao objetivo de investigar as áreas cerebrais recrutadas para o processamento de frases em português por monolíngues e bilíngues. Doze bilíngues tardios do par linguístico português brasileiro-inglês e 10 monolíngues do português brasileiro participaram do estudo. Os estímulos consistiram de 60 frases em inglês e frases equivalentes em português. Os participantes bilíngues leram as frases enquanto imagens funcionais do cérebro eram adquiridas em dois dias distintos enquanto os participantes monolíngues apenas leram as frases em português numa única sessão. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente e revelam, em termos gerais, que a representação e o processamento da L1 engaja uma rede complexa de áreas cerebrais em monolíngues e bilíngues. Os bilíngues, em comparação com os monolíngues, recrutaram áreas adicionais bilateralmente para lidar com os aspectos fonológicos e semânticos da L1. Tal resultado pode sugerir que ser bilíngue muda a forma como os indivíduos processam sua língua materna.
Corruption Counteraction in the Mechanism of Federal Public Administration: Federal and Inter-Regional Levels
Authors: Ishekov Konstantin , Cherkasov Konstantin , Malevanova Yulia
Published: February 2020

Current anti-corruption legislation is characterized by a lack of concentration and unity of legislative acts that regulate the work of public authorities and administration at the federal and inter-regional levels. The Federal Law «On Counteracting Corruption» has a framework nature and does not meet all the challenges of preventing and counteracting corruption that the Russian state now faces. Thus, the relevance of this study is obvious. The goal of the authors is to determine the key trends and means of systematizing legislation that regulates the anti-corruption activities of the state. Having analyzed a vast massive of normative legal acts on counteracting corruption at the federal and inter-regional levels as well as international experience, the authors conclude that it is necessary to amend the Federal Law «On Counteracting Corruption» by, among other things, systematizing the norms that regulate the corresponding sphere of state activities. The authors express their confidence that the effectiveness of legislation on counteracting corruption could considerably improve with the «package» principle of streamlining legislation and the introduction of a basic normative legal act — the Law on Counteracting Corruption, then changing the acts that are not in line with it and developing other normative documents to specify it. The use of a systemic approach to counteracting corruption also requires the revision and improvement of some clauses of the National Strategy of Counteracting Corruption which should incorporate the analysis of the situation with the anti-corruption policy of the state, the assessment of the effectiveness of the existing system, monitoring and audit, as well as the instruments of the anti-corruption policy. The paper also presents the authors’ position on the development and upgrading of the legal basis of organizing the public authorities and administrations at the central and inter-regional levels that regulates the specification and optimization of determining and delimiting jurisdictions in the sphere of counteracting corruption. The authors conclude that at present it is not advisable to organize a separate special corruption counteraction body in Russia because the conditions necessary for its establishment are lacking.
On the Possibility of Doctrinal Perception of Artificial Intelligence as the Subject of Crime in the System of Common Law: Using the Example of the U.S. Criminal Legislation
Authors: Shestak Victor , Volevodz Aleksander , Alizade Vera
Published: February 2020

The authors examine the possibility of holding artificial intelligence (AI) criminally liable under the current U.S. criminal legislation and study the opinions of Western lawyers who believe that this possibility for a machine controlled by AI may become reality in the near future. They analyze the requirements for criminal liability as determined by American legislators: a willful unlawful act or omission of an act (actus reus), criminal intent (mens rea), i.e. the person knowingly commits a criminal act or is negligent, as well as three basic models of AI’s criminal liability. In the first model, a crime is committed through the actions of another person, i.e. the cases when the subject of crime does not have sufficient cognitive abilities to understand the criminal intent and, moreover, to be guided by it. This category of persons includes minors, persons with limited legal capacity and modern cybernetic systems, who cannot be viewed as capable of cognition that equals human cognition. The latter are consi­dered to be innocent of a criminal act because their actions are controlled by an algorithm or a person who has indirect program control. In the second model, a crime is committed by a being who is objectively guilty of it. A segment of the program code in intellectual systems allows for some illegal act by default, for example, includes a command to unconditionally destroy all objects that the system recognizes as dange­rous for the purpose that such AI is working to fulfill. According to this model, the person who gives the unlawful command should be held liable. If such a «collaborator» is not hidden, criminal liability should be imposed on the person who gives an unlawful command to the system, not on the performer, because the algorithmic system that determines the actions of the performer is itself unlawful. Thus, criminal liability in this case should be imposed on the persons who write or use the program, on the condition that they were aware of the unlawfulness of orders that guide the actions of the performer. Such crimes include acts that are criminal but cannot be prevented by the performer — the AI system. In the third model, AI is directly liable for the acts that contain both a willful action and the unlawful intent of the machine. Such liability is possible if AI is recognized as a subject of criminal law, and also if it independently works out an algorithm to commit an act leading to publically dangerous consequen­ces, or if such consequences are the result of the system’s omission to act according to the initial algorithm, i.e. if its actions are willful and guilty.
Blockchain in Digital Criminology: Problem Statement
Authors: Sukhodolov Alexander , Antonyan Elena , Rukinov Maxim , Shamrin Maxim , Spasennikova Marina
Published: February 2020

The problem under consideration is highly topical as damage from cybercrime is predicted to reach six trillion dollar in 2021, compared with 3 trillion in 2015. The authors put forth a hypothesis that blockchain could become the techno­logy that will reduce the scale of damage from criminal infringements in the sphere of digital economy by simplifying control over illegal movement of capital. The goal of this research is to analyze the role that the technology of distributed registers/blockchain plays in digital criminology and counteracting cybercrime. In blockchain, there is no single point of attack on the database, and it is impossible to access data encrypted with a key without that key. There is not centralized storage for keys: each user-owner stores them. The authors study the technology of storing data in blockchain or distributed register (blockchain being a special case of distributed re­gister). If such a server center is attacked, it is impossible to steal all data that are stored on it at once. This will deliver a serious blow on the criminal transactions because the whole history of operations is saved, the financial flows are transpa­rent in the chain of blocks and it will be virtually impossible to hide them, which will eliminate all illegal transactions and make the financing of terrorist and extremist organizations much more difficult. Because all users-owners have the database, the theft will be noticed immediately, and it cannot be hidden. It will get known whose secret key is used for access, and it will point directly at the perpetrator and could, in itself, stop them. The authors describe how distributed registers can be used to fight cybercrime. They believe that 1) the problem of cybercrime is most relevant for developed countries (with high GDP) because the more developed a society is, the more it depends on digital technologies; 2) the distributed registers/blockchain technology will help counteract cyberattacks and, consequently, will protect finan­ces and confidential information against criminal infringements.
The forgotten coracoid: A case report of a coracoid fracture in a male cyclist
Authors: Duinslaeger E , Kirby J , Viljoen J , Viviers P
Published: February 2020

A fall onto the shoulder is a common mechanism of injury in cyclists. However, coracoid fractures remain unreported in the literature in this population. These authors report a case of a coracoid fracture missed on the initial plain film radiographs. Whilst these fractures can be easily missed on standard trauma series radiographs of the shoulder, alternate views and other imaging modalities can be used to detect these fractures. Clinical suspicion, judicious imaging and accurate diagnosis of these fractures are important, as stability of the coracoid influences the entire superior shoulder suspensory complex which allows normal function of the shoulder joint.
A simulated rugby match protocol induces physiological fatigue without decreased individual scrummaging performance
Authors: Green A , Kerr S , Olivier B , Meiring R , Dafkin C , McKinon W
Published: February 2020

Background: A rugby union game consists of 80 minutes of strenuous exertion. Forwards are required to participate in the arduous activity of scrummaging throughout a game.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify whether rugby-match simulated fatigue modified individual scrummaging technique and reduced performance.Methods: Twelve forwards (body mass 106.2±13.3 kg; stature 179.5±8.4 cm) had individual scrum kinetics and kinematics assessed prior to and following a protocol that simulated a rugby match. The simulated rugby match protocol required participants to run at various velocities and perform rugby specific tasks. Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) was assessed using a 6-20 Borg scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Blood lactate, heart rate and RPE were measured prior to, at mid-point and after the simulated game, while markers of muscle damage (blood creatine kinase activity (CK) and urea) were measured prior to and following the protocol.Results: RPE (p<0.0001) and VAS (p<0.0001) showed significant increases between the pre- and post-simulation values. Of the physiological markers, heart rate (p<0.0001) and blood urea concentration (p=0.004) increased following the match simulation. No significant differences were observed for blood CK (p=0.281), individual scrummaging forces (p=0.433) or in the kinematic variables following the protocol. While physiological fatigue and subjective ratings of physiological fatigue may develop during a rugby simulation, no differences were observed in peak forces or in body kinematics at peak force.Conclusion: Physiological fatigue does not influence individual scrummaging performance and technique.
DISCLOSURE OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL REPORTING A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA
Authors: Nugraha Erik , Noviantini Tri Anita , Setiawan Audita
Published: February 2020

This study aims to describe and determine the differences in the disclosure of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) in Islamic Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia. Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) is an extension of the reporting standards of social performance as a reflection of the company's role in a spiritual perspective. The method used in the research is descriptive comparative method using cross-sectional data types. The population in this study is Islamic Banks in Indonesia, which are as many as 13 banks and in Malaysia which are as many as 15 banks, the sampling technique used in this study uses census sampling techniques. The data analysis technique used is the Independent t-test. Based on the results of the study there are not differences in the disclosure of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) in Islamic Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia, but the level of disclosure of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) in Islamic Banks in Malaysia is better than Islamic Banks in Indonesia.
REGIONAL TYPOLOGY APPROACH IN EDUCATION QUALITY IN WEST JAVA BASED ON AGRICULTURAL AND NON-AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
Authors: Hendajany Nenny , Rizal Deden
Published: February 2020

West Java is the province in Indonesia with the highest population and has a location close to the capital. However, the condition of education in West Java is generally still low. This is estimated because there are imbalances between districts / cities. The research objective is to get a clear picture of the condition of education in West Java by using secondary data issued by the Central Statistics Agency. The research method uses descriptive analysis, with analysis tools of regional typology. The division of regional typologies from the two indicators produces four regional terms, namely developed regions, developed regions constrained, potential areas to develop, and disadvantaged areas. Based on the indicators of education quality and life expectancy in 2017, from 27 municipal districts in West Java there were 33.3% in developed regions, 18.52% in developed regions were constrained, 7.4% in potential developing regions, and 40.74 % in disadvantaged areas. Bandung and Bekasi regencies are included in developed regions. While the cities of Banjar and Tasikmalaya include potential developing regions. Regional division with three indicators, namely the average length of school, Location Quation, and life expectancy. This division produces three filled quadrants. Quadrant I has 29.6%, quadrant III has 18.5%, and the remaining 51.9% is in quadrant IV. The results of this regional typology show that there are imbalances in education and public health.
Consideraciones sobre el concepto de destrucción fenomenológica en Martin Heidegger. A cien años de las lecciones de 1919-1920
Authors: Bedoya Rodas Carlos Arturo
Published: February 2020

El artículo examina el proceso de configuración del concepto de destrucción en las lecciones tempranas de Martin Heidegger entre 1919 y 1920. En este texto se sostiene que a través del establecimiento del marco fenomenológico del que este concepto surge se puede llegar a comprender mejor el proyecto filosófico de Heidegger y, sobre todo, la relevancia o vigencia que este proyecto tiene hoy. Primero, se establecen algunas de las fuentes de este concepto, particularmente en lo que se refiere al concepto de Abbau en Husserl. Luego, se aborda la articulación en las lecciones de 1919 y 1920 y, finalmente, se plantean algunas consideraciones críticas.
El salto del pensar: la actitud fenomenológica que nos distancia del errante trajinar metafísico
Authors: Ortiz López Juan Sebastián
Published: February 2020

En el pensamiento tardío de Heidegger resalta su constante alusión a una forma de pensar que se diferencia de la metafísica. Mientras que en el pensar metafísico nos mantenemos errando alejados del ser, en el nuevo pensar solo estamos en relación con el ser. Para Heidegger la única vía para salir del primero y llegar al segundo es a través de un salto. En este documento se pretende aclarar por qué solo hay una vía de acceso al nuevo pensar, y defender que dicha vía es una radicalización de la máxima fenomenológica. Para tal fin se parte de la caracterización del pensar metafísico como un pensar errante, se sigue con la caracterización del salto, entendido como un paso súbito al desocultamiento del ser, y se termina con las consecuencias de estas caracterizaciones y del contraste entre ambas.
Heidegger y el pensar rememorante
Authors: Gama Barbosa Luis Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Dentro de la variedad de temas que aborda el Heidegger posterior a Ser y tiempo, la noción de ‘pensar’ se destaca por su constante presencia y por el lugar central que ocupa en buena parte de estos planteamientos tardíos. En efecto, como un camino hacia la superación de la metafísica y como un medio para replantear la relación del ser humano con el ser, distorsionada en el mundo de la técnica, Heidegger apuesta por el ejercicio de un pensar que no solo es patrimonio de los filósofos, sino que está latente en muchas de las prácticas habituales de los individuos. Este artículo pretende elaborar esta noción al hilo de los conceptos de olvido y el recuerdo, que son tanto experiencias humanas como elementos constitutivos del ser en su acontecer. Se perfila así la tesis de que, en un mundo dominado por el ente, Heidegger le adscribe a un ‘pensar rememorante’ la tarea de restaurar nuestra relación con el ser y ampliar así las posibilidades de sentido de nuestra existencia.
Benjamin, A. & Vardoulakis, D. (Eds.). (2015). Sparks Will Fly: Benjamin and Heidegger, SUNY Press: New York, 291 pp
Authors: Staroselsky Tatiana
Published: February 2020

Entre Martin Heidegger y Walter Benjamin hay, es sabido, diferencias biográficas y políticas muy marcadas, que oponen sus trayectorias muy fuertemente. Tal vez por el peso histórico de estas diferencias, y fundamentalmente por el modo en que la relación con el nazismo adquiere prelación en ambos casos para dar cuenta de los recorridos intelectuales, la relación entre los autores, que estructura el volumen que reseñamos, no fue explorada sistemáticamente en el marco de las interpretaciones, cuantiosas y muy variadas, de las ideas de cada uno de ellos. No obstante, y como notó muy tempranamente Hannah Arendt (1990), entre sus escritos pueden encontrarse puntos de contacto muy llamativos, que fueron señalados luego por algunos intérpretes aislados y que resultaron, asimismo, indignantes para otros tantos.
Sector avícola en Colombia: rendimiento contable y EVA
Authors: Rivera-Godoy Jorge Alberto , Rendón-Perea Juan David
Published: February 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo conocer el desempeño financiero del sector avícola en Colombia en el período 2013-2017, siguiendo como metodología una evaluación de indicadores contables y de valor económico agregado que miden su crecimiento, eficiencia, eficacia y efectividad. Se encuentra que este sector genera rentabilidades contables cada año, y su comportamiento variable depende principalmente de la eficacia en el control de costos y gastos y del uso de un apalancamiento financiero positivo. Pero a pesar de esto y que los activos netos operacionales crecen en el período, destruye valor económico agregado (EVA) en todos los años, y su valor de mercado agregado (VMA) es negativo, porque la rentabilidad del activo neto operacional es inferior al costo de capital, dejando un margen de pérdida residual. Los resultados encontrados podrían fortalecerse si se pudieran complementar con estudios similares para grupos de empresas más homogéneos en cuanto a la edad, tamaño y ubicación geográfica.
El interés público y su atomización. Bases para fundamentar una tesis en materia de regulación en contabilidad y control
Authors: Pulgarín-Arias Andrés Felipe , Bustamante-García Hernán Carlos
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar y clasificar los sentidos y usos del Interés Público a partir de varios marcos de interpretación, de esta forma el texto será punto de referencia teórico para el análisis del interés público desde las diversas perspectivas o disciplinas con las que futuras investigaciones pueden apoyarse. Se tuvo como marco de referencia la Constitución Política, haciendo una descripción y síntesis del interés público en relación con el Estado Social de Derecho en Colombia. Con base a estas posturas, los resultados de la investigación esbozan que la ley 1314 de 2009 por la cual se establecen en Colombia los estándares internacionales en materia de contabilidad y control, se desvanece el sentido jurídico-político, etnológico y sociológico del concepto interés público y se instrumentaliza a favor de los intereses de mercado, cediendo el Estado soberanía regulativa y renunciando a actuar por sí mismo en defensa de los intereses de la Nación.
Medición del valor razonable de los bienes inmuebles en Colombia: un análisis de la actividad de valuación y su coherencia con las NIIF
Authors: Guevara-Sanabria Jaime-Alberto , Osorio-Ospina Juan-Sebastián , Pulgarín-Arias Andrés-Felipe
Published: February 2020

Uno de los problemas de la implementación de NIIF, es la dificultad para hallar el valor razonable de los activos, al ser altamente subjetiva y al existir diferentes bases de medición. Lo anterior ha ocasionado conflictos en la toma de decisiones, debido especialmente a la baja comparabilidad y oportunidad de la información financiera. El presente trabajo pretende aportar a la discusión sobre las bases de medición del valor razonable, especialmente en la cuenta de Propiedad, Planta y Equipo, teniendo en cuenta la normatividad internacional y la colombiana. Mediante un análisis de la literatura existente, se abordarán tres variables: los conceptos de medición y valor; las bases de medición aplicables a la Propiedad, Planta y Equipo y finalmente la medición de este ítem en Colombia. Mediante este trabajo de tipo cualitativo y descriptivo, se advierte que el proceso de valoración de activos debe evolucionar, tanto en el mercado inmobiliario colombiano, como en los procedimientos de valoración, lo que involucra cambios en el orden normativo colombiano, en vista que se observan falencias entre las bases normativas colombianas con los enfoques sugeridos en la NIIF 131. Es así como se hace visible un largo camino por recorrer en materia de valoración, en el cual se deben implementar estrategias de unificación de las bases de medición en Colombia junto con las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera y de las Normas Internacionales de Valoración.
El rol de la Contabilidad dentro de la lucha política del Paro Nacional Estudiantil de 2018
Authors: Villalba-Moreno Brayan-Stick
Published: February 2020

La Universidad, como institución, vive una profunda crisis como consecuencia de acciones políticas y prácticas sociales que buscan organizar la educación superior como un mercado. La Universidad en Colombia no es ajena a esta crisis que es impulsada por los procesos de globalización financiera, y como consecuencia de ella, se han visto afectadas mayoritariamente las instituciones de educación superior -IES- públicas del país. Por esta razón es que, en 2018 se fraguó un Paro Nacional Estudiantil que exigía un alivio financiero para la asfixia presupuestal que sufrían las IES públicas. Este escenario de movilización social se vuelve propicio para analizar la incidencia de la Contabilidad en él, a la luz de algunas perspectivas interpretativas de la disciplina contable, que amplían la posibilidad de comprender la interrelación de la Contabilidad con algunos fenómenos sociales.
La soledad del Contador Público: una aproximación reflexiva y vivencial desde el miedo y el agotamiento
Authors: Ardila-Cuiza Santiago
Published: February 2020

Este ensayo da unos trazos de cómo el contador público, siendo parte de la lógica racional instrumental del capitalismo, termina envuelto en un régimen de soledad y aislamiento. Se pretendió este fin a partir del desarrollo reflexivo de las categorías de miedo, individualismo y cansancio, las cuales fueron abordadas de manera crítica a partir de vivencias propias como estudiante y trabajador del campo contable. Se subraya que no solo el contador es un explotado/explotador dentro del régimen, sino que también propaga que otros sean explotados/explotadores de sí mismos. La categoría de «miedo» desemboca en competencia, y el individualismo en «agotamiento», lo que llevará a la mínima socialización del ser humano a partir de la máxima socialización del trabajo. Concluyo con una invitación a no permanecer dócilmente en la lógica individualista y solitaria fruto de las relaciones sociales del capitalismo, sino a buscar la libertad a partir de la fraternidad.
Estudio cualitativo sobre el uso de la gamificación en Educación Superior para promover la motivación en el alumnado
Authors: Moreno Fuentes Elena , Perales Molada Rosa Mª , Hidalgo Navarrete José
Published: February 2020

La investigación que se presenta en este trabajo se ha realizado con alumnado de tercer curso del grado en maestro de educación infantil del Centro Universitario “Sagrada Familia” de Úbeda (Adscrito a la Universidad de Jaén). Se estudió la motivación que este alumnado presentaba antes, durante y después de realizar un BreakOut Edu para alumnos de 5 años. En este proceso, se fomentó la coordinación docente ya que implicaba a profesorado de distintas asignaturas del grado que actuaron como guías de apoyo al alumnado en todo momento, actuando de forma coordinada para que la actividad englobara contenidos de todas ellas. La metodología de investigación se basó en la puesta en práctica de esta actividad, encuestando después al alumnado participante. Los datos fueron analizados posteriormente con el programa Nvivo 11Pro para datos cualitativos. Los resultados muestran que este tipo de actuaciones aumenta en gran medida la motivación del alumnado y a su vez favorece la adquisición de contenidos.