bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationships among language ability, the arcuate fasciculus and lesion volume in patients with putaminal hemorrhage: a diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Cho Min Jye , Jang Sung Ho
Published: September 2021

Relationships among language ability, arcuate fasciculus and lesion volume were investigated by use of diffusion tensor tractography in patients with putaminal hemorrhage. Thirty-three right-handed patients within six weeks of hemorrhage onset were recruited. Correlation of the aphasia quotient with subset (fluency, comprehension, repetition, naming) scores, diffusion tensor tractography parameters and lesion volume of patients, aphasia quotient (r = 0.446) with subset (naming: r = 0.489) score had moderate positive correlations with fractional anisotropy of the left arcuate fasciculus. The aphasia quotient subset (repetition) score had a strong positive correlation with fractional anisotropy of the left arcuate fasciculus (r = 0.520), whereas, aphasia quotient subset (fluency and comprehension) scores had no significant correlations with fractional anisotropy of the left arcuate fasciculus after Benjamini–Hochberg correction. Aphasia quotient (r = 0.668) with subset (fluency: r = 0.736, comprehension: r = 0.739, repetition: r = 0.649, naming: r = 0.766) scores had strong positive correlations with the tract volume of the left arcuate fasciculus and strong negative correlations with lesion volume (r = –0.521, fluency: r = –0.520, comprehension: r = –0.513, repetition: r = –0.518, naming: r = –0.562). Fractional anisotropy of the left arcuate fasciculus had a moderate negative correlation with lesion volume (r = –0.462), whereas the tract volume of the left arcuate fasciculus had a strong negative correlation with lesion volume (r = –0.700). According to the result of mediation analysis, tract volume of the left arcuate fasciculus fully mediated the effect of lesion volume on the aphasia quotient. Regarding the receiver operating characteristic curve, the lesion volume cut-off value was 29.17 cm3 and the area under the curve (0.74), sensitivity (0.77) and specificity (0.80) were higher than those of fractional anisotropy, tract volume and aphasia quotient cut-off values. It was found that level of language disability was related to lesion volume as well as to injury severity of arcuate fasciculus in the dominant hemisphere of patients with putaminal hemorrhage. In particular, the tract volume of the arcuate fasciculus in the dominant hemisphere fully mediated the effect of lesion volume on language ability. Additionally, a lesion volume of approximately 30 cm3 was helpful in discriminating arcuate fasciculus discontinuation in the dominant hemisphere.
Comparison of the effectiveness of pulsed radiofrequency of the suprascapular nerve and intra-articular corticosteroid injection for hemiplegic shoulder pain management
Authors: Kim Tae Hoon , Chang Min Cheol
Published: September 2021

Many patients complain of hemiplegic shoulder pain following stroke. Here, the effectiveness of pulsed radiofrequency stimulation of the suprascapular nerve is compared with intra-articular corticosteroid injection for chronic hemiplegic shoulder pain following stroke. This single-center, prospective, randomized controlled study included 20 patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain after stroke, randomly assigned to the pulsed radiofrequency and intra-articular corticosteroid injection treatment groups (n = 10 in each). Hemiplegic shoulder pain severity was measured by numeric rating scale and passive shoulder range motion was assessed at baseline and one and two months after each procedure. Compared to the baseline numeric rating scale scores, post-treatment scores decreased significantly in both groups (p < 0.001). However, score reduction through time was significantly greater for intra-articular corticosteroid injection for pulsed radiofrequency (p < 0.001). Similarly, a significant post-treatment increase was observed in almost all range of motion measurements in both groups (pulsed radiofrequency group: flexion, p = 0.015; abduction, p = 0.014; external rotation, p = 0.038; internal rotation, p = 0.063; intra-articular corticosteroid injection group: all range of motion, p < 0.001). Moreover, the measurements for all ranges of motion in the intra-articular corticosteroid injection group were significantly higher than those in the pulsed radiofrequency group (p < 0.001). Thus, intra-articular corticosteroid injection appears more effective than pulsed radiofrequency for control of hemiplegic shoulder pain, whereas, pulsed radiofrequency of the suprascapular nerve has minimal effect. However, in patients at risk for developing complications following corticosteroid injections, pulsed radiofrequency of the suprascapular nerve may be an option in management of hemiplegic shoulder pain.
Functional role of peripheral vasoconstriction: not only thermoregulation but much more
Authors: Kiyatkin Eugene A.
Published: September 2021

Peripheral vasoconstriction is a centrally mediated physiological effect known to play an important role in regulating body temperature by adjusting heat exchange with the external environment. However, peripheral vasoconstriction as a component of sympathetic activation also occurs following exposure to various salient stimuli and during motivated behavior at stable environmental temperatures. This review aims to consider available evidence suggesting a significant contribution of this peripheral effect to physiological increases in both brain temperature and entry of oxygen and glucose into the brain’s extracellular space. While these effects are triggered by neuronal activation, constriction of blood vessels in the skin and most internal organs results in redistribution of blood from the peripheral to central domains, thus dilating cerebral vessels, increasing global cerebral blood flow, and enhancing the intra-brain entry of oxygen and glucose from arterial blood. This powerful influence appears to determine the long duration of physiological increases in both brain temperature and brain levels of glucose and oxygen and their basic similarity across different brain structures. This work underscores the tight interrelationship between the brain and periphery and a significant contribution of cardiovascular effects in providing the enhanced inflow of oxygen and glucose into brain tissue to prevent metabolic deficit during functional neural activation.
Specifics of the emotional burnout syndrome in the representatives of "helping" professions
Authors: Vlakh Nadezhda I. , Danilov Igor P. , Gugushvili Maksim A. , Logunova Tatyana D.
Published: September 2021

Relevance. Emotional burnout is dangerous due to the presence of a wide range of neurotic and psychosomatic symptoms. The article discusses the features of the structure and formation of the emotional burnout syndrome as manifestations of personal value-semantic deformations. Burnout has been found to be negatively associated with solving existential problems. The study aims to explore the specifics of the emotional burnout syndrome as manifestations of personal value-semantic deformations in the representatives of "helping" professions. Materials and methods. The study involved 968 respondents employed in the field of "helping" professions. Of the entire sample, 465 people (consulted persons) made up the main research group, and 503 individuals were included into the control group. The main study methods were clinical and psychological and experimental-psychological. Results. Psychodiagnostics made it possible to clarify the types of emotional states and self-attitudes that characterized the specificity of burnout. Psychodiagnostic examination confirmed the presence in the subjects studied the elements of existential crisis associated with both professional situations and the personality traits of the "burned out" persons. Conclusions. Emotional burnout syndrome is a "payment" not for sympathy and love for people from the representatives of "helping" professions, but for their unfulfilled expectations, for the lack of sometimes visible result of work, for the loss of the activities meaning, for the devaluation of efforts by those around him.
Features of the incidence and course of COVID-19 among medical workers of private healthcare organizations of JSC "Russian Railways"
Authors: Zhidkova Elena A. , Kostenko Natalia A. , Goryaev Artem A. , Gurevich Konstantin G.
Published: September 2021

Healthcare workers are at risk of contracting new coronavirus infections (COVID-19) due to their job responsibilities. The study aims to explore the incidence of a new coronavirus infection of medical workers of private healthcare organization (PHO) of JSC "Russian Railways". To analyze the incidence of COVID-19 among medical workers of PHO of JSC "Russian Railways", we used the data of weekly monitoring conducted by the company from 5.04.2020 to 28.03.2021. The χ2 method was used for statistical processing. The epidemiological data were also smoothed by linear filtering using 2 points. A feature of the medical service of PHO of JSC "Russian Railways" is the continuous nature of its activities. 5 hospitals were converted to COVID hospitals. 12.9% of cases of COVID-19 were recorded among employees of PHO of JSC Russian Railways. The minimum number of cases was registered on the Far Eastern and East Siberian Railways. The maximum number of cases was noted on the South-Eastern and Northern railways. 94% of the sick were on outpatient treatment. Half of the sick are nurses. The testing of medical workers of PHO of JSC "Russian Railways" revealed a higher percentage of people with IgG to the SARS-CoV-2 virus than the number of cases registered. This may indicate an asymptomatic course of the disease in medical workers. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the effectiveness of preventive measures to protect medical workers of PHO of JSC "Russian Railways" from a new coronavirus infection. The conducted research will increase the effectiveness of preventive measures in the other PHO.
Discontinuity in Equilibrium Wave-Current Ripple Size and Shape Caused by a Winnowing Threshold in Cohesive Sand-Clay Beds
Authors: Wu Xuxu , Fernández Roberto , Baas Jaco , Malarkey Jonathan , Parsons Dan
Published: September 2021

Sediments composed of mixed cohesive clay and non-cohesive sand are widespread in a range of aquatic environments. The dynamics of ripples in mixed sand–clay substrates have been studied under pure current and pure wave conditions. However, the effect of cohesive clay on ripple development under combined currents and waves has not been examined, even though combined flows are common in estuaries, particularly during storms. Based on a series of large flume experiments, we identified robust inverse relationships between initial bed clay content, C0, and wave–current ripple growth rates. The experimental results also revealed two distinct types of equilibrium combined–flow ripples on mixed sand–clay beds: (a) large asymmetrical ripples with dimensions and plan geometries comparable to clean-sand counterparts for C0 ≤ 10.6%; and (b) small, flat ripples for C0 > 11%. The increase in bed cohesion contributed to this discontinuity, expressed most clearly in a sharp reduction in equilibrium ripple height, and thus a significant reduction in bed roughness, which implies that the performance of existing ripple predictors can be improved by the incorporation of this physical cohesive effect. For C0 ≤ 10.6%, strong clay winnowing efficiency under combined flows resulted in the formation of equilibrium clean-sand ripples and clay loss at depths far below the ripple base. In natural environments, this ‘deep cleaning’ of bed clay may cause a concurrent sudden release of a large amount of pollutants during storms, leading to a sudden reduction in post-storm resistance to erosion of mixed sand–clay substrates.
Lump formation in Filtration and Drying of Particulate APIs
Authors: Pandit Ajinkya , Walker Gavin
Published: September 2021

Crystallization, filtration and drying are important separation and purification unit operations in the pharmaceutical and speciality chemical industries. Continuous processing technologies have emerged as a promising alternative to the more conventional batch processing. Previous studies primarily focus on crystallization and as a result subsequent stage of filtration and drying are overlooked. In the present short communication, a phenomenological parallel is drawn with the drying of porous solids, studies for which are relatively widely reported. Such analysis helps to identify, the fundamental cause for lump formation, and possible mitigation strategies. Based on the postulated physical scenario, two prototype designs to intensify continuous operation of filtration and drying units are discussed. The prototype solutions could make it possible to intensify or combine multiple stages of filtration, deliquoring, washing and drying thus enabling efficient continuous processing of solid form pharmaceutical and specialty chemicals.
Catching wandering minds with tapping fingers: Neural and behavioral insights into task-unrelated cognition
Authors: Groot Josephine Maria , Csifcsak Gabor , Wientjes Sven , Forstmann Birte , Mittner Matthias
Published: September 2021

When the human mind wanders, it engages in episodes during which attention is focused on self-generated thoughts rather than on external task demands. Although the sustained attention to response task is commonly used to examine relationships between mind wandering and executive functions, limited executive resources are required for optimal task performance. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between mind wandering and executive functions more closely by employing a recently developed finger-tapping task to monitor fluctuations in attention and executive control through task performance and periodical experience sampling during concurrent fMRI and pupillometry. Our results show that mind wandering was preceded by increases in finger-tapping variability, which was correlated with activity in dorsal and ventral attention networks. The entropy of random finger-tapping sequences was related to activity in frontoparietal regions associated with executive control, demonstrating the suitability of this paradigm for studying executive functioning. The neural correlates of behavioral performance, pupillary dynamics, and self-reported attentional state diverged, indicating a dissociation between direct and indirect markers of mind wandering. Together, the investigation of these relationships at both the behavioral and neural level provided novel insights in the identification of underlying mechanisms of mind wandering.
Occupational Health and Safety Hazards among Workers in Laboratory Animal Research Facilities in Singapore and Philippines
Authors: Bibay JI , Agapito JD
Published: September 2021

Introduction: All workers, regardless of occupation are vulnerable to various hazards present at work. This study was carried out to determine the commonly encountered occupational hazard of laboratory animal workers in Singapore and the Philippines. Moreover, to determine the percentage of hazard exposure according to the workers’ personal profile, work profile, and frequency of exposure.

Methods: All members of the Association for Laboratory Animal Science of Singapore (n=150) and the Philippines (n=130) were invited in an online survey administered anonymously via email. Only those respondents who fulfilled the inclusion criteria (i.e. 18 years old and above and working in direct contact to animals and its environment) were included in the analysis.

Results: Laboratory animal workers experienced all hazards identified in the laboratory animal facilities. The three most common hazards encountered by workers based on the mean (M) and median (Mdn) number of exposures were animal-related injuries (M= 1.269, Mdn= 1), ergonomics (M= 1.067, Mdn= 0) and sharp-related injuries (M= 0.885, Mdn=1). There was no significant difference noted between these three hazards when compared to one another. These hazards were consistent regardless of age, gender, education, job, biosafety level of the facility, years of experience and type of animal exposures.

Conclusion: Laboratory animal workers in Singapore and the Philippines are exposed to various hazards in the workplace. Younger workers, and workers with higher day-to-day exposure to laboratory animals, should be prioritized for information dissemination, training, and supervision.
The Relationship Between Organizational Safety Culture and Organization Safety Performance. The Mediating Role of Safety Management System
Authors: Otitolaiye VO , Abd Aziz FS , Munauwar M , Omer F
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Safety performance is defined as efforts undertaken by organizations with the crucial aim of curtailing accidents and injuries to workers. It plays a crucial role in an organization aiming to achieve an anticipated outcome. A plethora of studies have found positive association between safety culture and safety performance of organizations. However, little is known on how the mechanism through which organizational safety culture exerts its influence on safety performance. Thus, this study investigates the indirect effect of safety management system in the relationship between organizational safety culture and safety performance.

Methods: This study employs the use of a 5-point Likert questionnaire to collect data from 134 respondents who are head of safety officers in F&B industries located in Lagos, Nigeria. SmartPLS 2.0 was used for data analysis.

Results: Results from path analysis revealed that safety culture and safety management system positively relate to safety performance. Furthermore, the mediation analysis indicated an indirect effect of safety management system in the relationship between safety culture and safety performance.

Conclusion: It is concluded that though safety culture has a significant positive relationship on safety performance, however its effect will be more if F&B organizations create and constantly implement a robust safety management system.
Job Satisfaction among School Teachers in Duwakot, Bhaktapur District, Nepal
Authors: Manandhar P , Manandhar N , Joshi SK
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Job satisfaction is one of the determinant factors for professionals. The job satisfaction concerning school teachers reflects their strong motivation towards their job. This study aimed to measure the job satisfaction among teachers of Government and Private schools of  Changu Narayan Municipality.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at seven government and five private schools of wards no. 1 and 2 of Changu Narayan Municipality Bhaktapur District, Nepal over one month (20th April - 19th May 2021). Schools of Changu Narayan Municipality Ward No. 1 and 2 were purposively selected. The data was collected through validated questionnaire on Job Description Index (JDI)8 which consists of 17 domains. Data were entered in Excel and data analysis was done in SPSS version 20.

Results: The overall job satisfaction was 65.77±11.52 which indicates that the majority of teachers were highly satisfied with their job.

Conclusion:  The findings of this study indicate job satisfaction among  school level teachers was satisfied in their occupation especially in teaching profession. The domain sources of job satisfaction in school teachers appear to be work itself, coworker, relationship with students and sense of achievement. Whereas motivation in profession is most likely to be less job satisfaction among Government and Private schools.
Clinical and Molecular facets of Dengue Virus infection from Bengaluru, South India
Authors: Basawarajappa Shantala Gowdara , Rangaiah Ambica , Venugopal Shwetha Jinnahalli , Varun Chakrakodi N , Nagaraj Vijay , Padukone Shashiraja , Shankar Sathyanarayan Muthur
Published: September 2021

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) continues to be an epidemic with high mortality rates. The clinical features, especially in the early phase of infection, are nonspecific and there is no single marker that can be reliably deployed for diagnostics. Further, serotype and genotype diversity is not clearly understood. This study was conceived to understand the performance characteristics of various diagnostic markers; serotype and genotype distribution is thus a vital requirement.
Methods: A subset of blood samples was obtained for all the clinically suspected Dengue cases during the period January to December 2017. The samples were tested for IgM and IgG antibodies and NS1 antigen by both ELISA and rapid tests. Real-time PCR, Conventional PCR and sequencing was performed based on the serology results. Correlation of the data with demographic and clinical details was used to analyze the performance characteristics of various tests.
Results: Clinical signs and symptoms could not predict dengue positivity due to lack of specific symptoms. The performance of IgM rapid test was found to be lower than the ELISA method (53.5% agreement). The NS1 rapid and NS1 ELISA tests were comparable (89.2% agreement). Majority of the infections were caused due to DEN-2 serotype and phylogenetic analysis revealed all the sequenced DEN-2 serotypes belong to Genotype IV. Three sequences with were deposited into NCBI GenBank (GenBank accession number MW583116, MW579054 and MW579053).
Conclusion: Our comprehensive data suggests that NS1 ELISA and PCR are best used in the early phase of dengue infection (< 5 days post-onset of fever), whereas IgM antibody detection is reliable only in the late phase. We also highlight the unreliable performance of rapid tests.
Polycystic ovary syndrome among Indian adolescent girls – A systematic review and metanalysis
Authors: Sharma Megha , Khapre Meenakshi , Saxena Vartika , Kaushal Pawna
Published: September 2021

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in the progenitive age group and the leading cause of infertility. The worldwide prevalence of PCOS in women varies between 2.2% to 26%. Due to limited literature on burden of PCOS among adolescent girls, its significance is still unfathomed as a research is few and far between in the present time. We conducted Systematic review and metanalysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of PCOS among Indian adolescent girls (14-19 years).Methods: With the help of a search strategy, two authors searched Scopus, Embase and Pubmed independently. We screened studies considering eligibility criteria and extracted data. Selected studies were assessed for quality and risk biases using the NIH tool. R software was used for analysis.Results: Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. The total number of participants in the study was 4473. All studies scored average and above as per the NIH quality assessment tool. The prevalence of PCOS among adolescents based on the Rotterdam criteria was 17.74 per 100 (CI = 11.77-23.71) with I² =97 %. Hospital-based studies had a comparatively higher prevalence of PCOS as compared to community-based.Conclusion: Pooled prevalence of PCOS among Indian adolescents' girls was high, approximately one in five.
Penanganan Sengketa Penguasaan Tanah Hak Adat Melalui Peradilan Adat Sumatera Barat
Authors: Wahyuni Hesty , Mujiburohman Dian Aries , Kistiyah Sri
Published: September 2021

Tanah ulayat merupakan bidang tanah pusaka beserta sumber daya alam yang ada di atasnya dan di dalamnya diperoleh secara turun temurun merupakan hak masyarakat hukum adat di Provinsi Sumatera Barat sesuai Pasal 1 Ayat (7) Perda Provinsi Sumatera Barat Nomor 16 Tahun 2008 tentang Tanah Ulayat dan Pemanfaatannya. Rumusan yang diangkat adalah (1) Bagaimana bentuk sengketa penguasaan tanah hak adat di KAN (Kerapatan Adat Nagari) Niniak Mamak Nan Salapan Suku Kota Padang, Provinsi Sumatera Barat? (2) Bagaimana pola penyelesaian sengketa penguasaan tanah hak adat di KAN Niniak Mamak Nan Salapan Suku Kota Padang, Provinsi Sumatera Barat? Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan sosio-legal. Ketidakpuasan penyelesaian sengketa ditingkat peradilan adat oleh masyarakat hukum adat  mengakibatkan keberadaannya semakin kabur. Tulisan ini menemukan suatu bentuk pluralisme hukum yang diakui di Sumatera Barat, dan kedudukan putusan KAN di Pengadilan Negeri, serta relevansi Kementerian ATR/BPN dan KAN sebagai peradilan adat Minangkabau. Hal tersebut di lihat dari analisis bentuk dan pola penyelesaian sengketa penguasaan tanah pusako.
A Little Give and Take: What Garneau’s Paintings Give When They Take, and Other Stories From Future Past
Authors: Sleiman Daria
Published: September 2021

This article examines the possibilities related to conciliation that are closed, and those that might be opened, through Métis contemporary visual artist David Garneau’s paintings, Aboriginal Curatorial Collective Meeting and Aboriginal Advisory Circle Meeting. I argue that Garneau’s explicit and manifest exclusion of settlers and the colonial gaze on his paintings is also, at the same time and in actuality, a form of invitation into something else. To do this, I first briefly explore how thinkers have problematized settlers’ recognition of Indigenous knowledge, ways of knowing, and art. I then pose the question of what ought to be the normative limits around settlers’ access to Indigenous knowledge and spaces, using Garneau’s own written work about his paintings. I then bring several scholars into conversation around why certain spaces should remain exclusive, some or all of the time, to Indigenous peoples. Finally, I conclude by explaining how the existence of these spaces—and the communication of their existence—is a necessary and otherwise impossible step in the conciliation process. Indeed, I propose in this paper that to experience and confront our own limits to comprehension, as settlers, is a gift; that by creating and sharing his paintings with settlers, Garneau simultaneously reveals settlers’ exclusion from Indigenous spaces to ourselves and invites us into new imaginary spaces of conciliation—ones that are actually possible, because not predicated on an ongoing colonial system of power distribution, but instead on uncertainty, a condition of continued and active relatedness.
Reflecting on the Official Languages Act at 50: Was the Advent of the Charter so Great After All?
Authors: McDougall Andrew
Published: September 2021

This piece examines more closely the relationship between the OLA and the Charter, arguing that the relationship between the two rights instruments is much more fraught than commonly believed. The advent of the Charter and its entrenchment of language rights have always been seen as unquestionably positive for the OLA. However, it may be time to re-evaluate that belief. Using the concept of “constitutional displacement,” the article suggests that the Charter also had the effect of overshadowing the OLA, which limits its potential for reform. A similar fate befell other statutes, such as the Canadian Bill of Rights. By way of contrast, the OLA is compared to the Inuit Language Protection Act (ILPA) in Nunavut to suggest that the latter enjoys a higher profile in the territory and has more potential for expansion precisely because of the lack of clearly defined, entrenched Indigenous language rights in the constitution.
Clostridium septicum myonecrosis in a pediatric patient with a self-reported penicillin allergy
Authors: Parmar Parmvir , Feder Joshua , Pham-Huy Anne
Published: September 2021

Infections with Clostridium septicum are especially rare in pediatric patients. C. septicum is the most common cause of spontaneous myonecrosis and is usually associated with comorbid malignancy. Treatment of choice for cases of C. septicum myonecrosis is prompt and thorough surgical debridement and antimicrobial therapy with high dose penicillin. The experience and management of C. septicum infections in patients who are unable to take penicillin are not well described, and the optimal duration of therapy is largely unknown. We describe a case of spontaneous myonecrosis in a 14-year-old receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy for Burkitt’s lymphoma who had an anecdotal history of a penicillin allergy. Her infection was initially treated with ceftazidime and metronidazole in concert with debridement but was ultimately cured with 3 weeks of intravenous penicillin therapy following a graded penicillin challenge in hospital. We observed a delayed inflammatory tissue response to a C. septicum skin, soft tissue infection that temporally corresponded to neutrophil reconstitution in our patient with severe neutropenia. Our experience demonstrates that C. septicum myonecrosis can present indolently and progress rapidly and highlights the need for clinical vigilance and repeat “second-look” surgeries. Our case also emphasizes the importance of de-labelling penicillin allergies.
Organizational and managerial aspects in improvement of Olympic training at sportsmen under modern conditions of development in Ukraine
Authors: Driukov Oleksandr , Kuvaldina Olga , Driukov Volodymyr
Published: September 2021

The performances of Ukrainian athletes at the XXXII Olympic Games have been considered and analyzed. The analysis of studies aimed at investigating the problem of their preparation improvement has been performed. It is shown that the results demonstrated by the national team of Ukraine at the XXXII Olympic Games are presentable for the conditions in which Ukraine now lives. It is noted that today the system of development of the Olympic sports events in Ukraine is not optimal. There is an apparent shortage of modern training centers, inefficient budgetary and extrabudgetary funding, imperfection of statutory and regulatory, and organizational and managerial, scientific and methodological, medical, informational, and staffing support. Therefore, the strategy for the development of the Olympic sports events in the modern conditions of development of Ukraine necessitates the formation and scientific substantiation of conceptual bases for the successful dynamic development of the Olympic sports events. To assess the current state of functioning and development of the Olympic sports events, a PEST- analysis was conducted on fencing material. It is established that in the group of politico-legal factors the most significant is legislative support for the development of sports events in Ukraine; in the group of economic factors - financing and logistics of sports schools; in the social group - the level of coaching and teaching staff and working conditions in sports schools; in the group of technological factors - innovative technologies and their impact on fencing development. The results of the study indicate that fencing development is hampered by several macro-environmental factors and conditions that require certain reforms. As our study shows, the process of functioning and development of the Olympic sports events in modern conditions requires the formation of brand new economic foundations and the search for new organizational and legal forms of their functioning. In our opinion, this is a transition from the extensive model of sports event development, which is used in Ukraine today, to an innovative one. Thus, to ensure further capturing award-winning places at the Olympic Games, a model of innovative development of the Olympic sports events based on a strategic partnership between the state, public sports organizations, science, education, and business should be developed.
The future teacher of physical culture as a subject of forming the health-saving educational environment
Authors: Kozak E. P. , Plakhtiy P. D. , Huycka M. V. , Zubrytskyi B. D. , Denysovets A. P.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of research the problem of educational environment in the system of professional education according to the basic criteria of successful learning and health. The set of algorithms of activity have been formed, which focus on special training of future specialists in physical culture to create a healthy educational environment. They concerns modern conditions of transition to the competence system of education, format of blended learning, taking into account features of distance forms of educational activity.

In the context of the competence model of education (full-time or distance), the educational environment is interpreted as an interconnected interactive activity of the teacher and students, a kind of counter movement to ensure its healthy potential. There were determined he bases of semantic and technological reorientation of the system of professional training of the future teacher of physical culture according to the standards of competence education, system of competences which must be owned by a specialist.
Nutritional supplements in modern sports: basic principles of application
Authors: Slukhenska R. V. , Ivanushko Ya. G. , Nazymok Je. B.
Published: September 2021

One of the most important factors for a good result affect in sports are: lack of stress (emotional and nervous overstrain), rest, healthy sleep. The main condition is excellent food. The article considers the positive impact of the use of sports supplements to improve performance in sports and in general for the excellent well-being of the athlete. The aim of the work is to prove the use of nutritional supplements in the training of athletes, especially weightlifters, is quite effective and necessary for high athletic performance. Nutrition plays a huge role in achieving maximum results in fitness, bodybuilding and sports in general. When creating a training strategy, the basis of the nutrition program should be the use of certain types of products. Nutritional supplements, as it follows from this term, are only a supplement, a kind of support for proper nutrition and intensive training (especially with weights). Nutritional supplements are not a panacea, they can in no way replace proper nutrition and proper training. Nutritional supplements are substances that are a building material, protect and increase the function of cells in the body, and do not have a negative impact on human health.

Maintaining excellent health is achieved through the use of sports supplements because the need for these drugs in athletes is very high. Athletes due to heavy physical activity spend a lot of energy, nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids. We see prospects for further research in a detailed consideration of the main components of sports supplements.
A Mini Review: Visual and Auditory Perception in Dyslexia
Authors: Ali Siti Atiyah , Fadzil Nor Asyikin , Reza Faruque , Mustafar Faiz , Begum Tahamina
Published: September 2021

Dyslexia is a reading disorder defined as the consequences of sensory impairment which can be quite tricky in diagnosis, as many symptoms of dyslexia tend to overlap with learning disabilities such as specific language Impairment (SLI), dysgraphia, dyscalculia, and a few others. However, as research keeps on progressing, a consensus has been made suggesting that dyslexia is commonly attributed to the impairment of auditory and visual perception. This review paper intends to discuss the detailed progression of research focusing on auditory and visual perception among dyslexics.
Perception towards Insulin Therapy and Factors Related to Insulin Refusal among Insulin Naive Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Primary Care Clinics PKD Lipis
Authors: Zakaria Noralina , Baskaran Narasimman , Lim Wan Lin
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Insulin is one of the suggested treatments to prevent and reduce long-term diabetes complications. However, due to many factors such as socio-demographic factors, many Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients refuse this treatment. This study aimed to determine perception towards insulin among naive Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, to calculate the prevalence of rejecting insulin therapy, and to find out factors related to the refusal.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study involved 188 insulin naive Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending five primary health clinics in Lipis district, Pahang from October to November 2017. A five-point Likert Scale was used to determine perception towards insulin therapy and the Chi-square test was used to assess the proportion of acceptance of the therapy. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were utilised to study the associated factor(s).
Results: Mean score of 60.5 ± 8.2 pointed towards a negative appraisal of insulin therapy. Embarrassment to inject in public (69.1%) and concern of frequent hypoglycaemia (52.7%) were the most common perception. Nearly half of the respondents (46.3%) refused insulin therapy upon suggestion. After adjusting the variables using multiple logistic regressions, only gender (Adjusted OR=0.20, 95% CI=0.10-0.40, p<0.001), educational level (Adjusted OR=0.17, 95% CI=0.06-0.50, p=0.001), age (Adjusted OR=1.04, 95% CI=1.01-1.08, p=0.012) and glycated haemoglobin level (Adjusted OR=1.33, 95% CI=1.07-1.67, p=0.013) remained significant.
Conclusion: In conclusion, insulin refusal among insulin naive patients was common in Lipis with an overall negative perception towards therapy. By tailoring strategies according to the patient’s factors such as gender, educational level, age, and glycated haemoglobin level, the insulin refusal rate might decrease in the future.
Biotechnology for obtaining virus-free apple planting stocks
Authors:   Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Romadanova Natalya Vladimirovna , Kushnarenko Svetlana Veniaminovna ,   Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology
Published: September 2021

The review describes the successive stages of work on the production of virus-free apple planting stocks using biotechnology methods. Compositions of nutrient media, duration and temperature regime of plant material treatment, and other details for all stages of cryopreservation (cryotherapy), chemotherapy, detection of viruses are presented, methods of in vitro initiation, micropropagation, in vitro rooting and adaptation of plant material to the soil substrate are discussed. Virus-free collection of Malus domestica Borkh. and M. sieversii Ledeb. M. Roem. is preserved by in vitro culture and cold storage (+4 °C). Cryopreservation of shoot tips of apple historic cultivars and wild forms in liquid nitrogen at -196° will preserve this valuable material for a long time and, if necessary, can be used in breeding. Virus-free apple rootstocks and cultivars will be available to provide planting material of a super-elite class for local nurseries and in general will promote the development of the domestic nursery.
KDClassifier: A urinary proteomic spectra analysis tool based on machine learning for the classification of kidney diseases
Authors:   Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, Zhao Wanjun
Published: September 2021

Background: We aimed to establish a novel diagnostic model for kidney diseases by combining artificial intelligence with complete mass spectrum information from urinary proteomics. Methods: We enrolled 134 patients (IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and diabetic kidney disease) and 68 healthy participants as controls, with a total of 610,102 mass spectra from their urinary proteomic profiles. The training data set (80%) was used to create a diagnostic model using XGBoost, random forest (RF), a support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural networks (ANNs). The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using a confusion matrix with a test dataset (20%). We also constructed receiver operating-characteristic, Lorenz, and gain curves to evaluate the diagnostic model. Results: Compared with the RF, SVM, and ANNs, the modified XGBoost model, called Kidney Disease Classifier (KDClassifier), showed the best performance. The accuracy of the XGBoost diagnostic model was 96.03%. The area under the curve of the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model was 0.952 (95% confidence interval, 0.9307–0.9733). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) value of the Lorenz curve was 0.8514. The Lorenz and gain curves showed the strong robustness of the developed model. Conclusions: The KDClassifier achieved high accuracy and robustness and thus provides a potential tool for the classification of kidney diseases
Mouse modeling for anxiety disorders in older adults
Authors:   Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, USA, Darvas Martin
Published: September 2021

Anxiety disorders are common in older adults and are strongly associated with increased risk for numerous age-related conditions. Preclinical mechanistic data are needed to identify more specific therapeutic targets for treating and preventing these disorders. Mice serve as excellent preclinical models as they have been used extensively in aging studies, and behavioral tests have been developed. A panel of tests would capture the important clinical aspects of apathy, anxiety, and psychomotor behavior and allow longitudinal testing strategies in a rigorous and minimally stressful manner.
Management of acute sigmoid volvulus in a tertiary hospital north central nigeria: The place of advanced radiodiagnostics
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences Jos Campus. Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Bingham University, Zaria Bypass, Jos. Plateau State, Nigeria, Oseni-Momodu Edwin , Shehu Hassan , Lee Jaejeok
Published: September 2021

Background: Volvulus involves the twisting of an air-liquid stool-filled thin-walled segment of an intestine around its necessarily narrow mesenterial base, thereby strangulating the blood vessels, which often causes necrosis of this redundant intestinal segment. Intestinal volvulus had always been supposed to be a disease of the blacks from West African and the Bushmen natives of South Africa. The West African subset became the index region. Surgery was the best treatment for the full-blown disease. Conservative methods of management have only just been developed and studied in the Scandinavian countries. Scandinavian early rectosigmoidoscopic reductions of the twisted colonic segment have offered some valuable alternative helps. Methods: We studied the documents of all the 44 patients who had a presumptive diagnosis of acute or subacute colonic volvulus and were admitted to surgical management. Biostatistics, exact history taking of the patients, carefully structured physical examination, and a good digital scout X-ray investigation of the abdomen helped to make a rapid diagnosis. Laparotomies confirmed such a diagnosis. We did not regularly attempt to do recto-sigmoidoscopic untwisting of the volvuli. All had Hartmann’s procedure surgeries with terminal colostomies. Results: Of the 41 patients admitted to surgical management, 31 were males and 10 were females with a ratio of 3:1. The timing of surgery influenced mortalities and morbidities greatly. Conclusion: The diagnosis of acute volvulus was simple. We needed to record the medical history, took the proper physical examination, correctly explained the examination results, and only studied the abdominal X-ray film without resorting to advanced computer tomography.
O Imperativo das Emoções Positivas na Comunicação das Empresas na Internet
Authors: Tavares Francine Da Rocha , Gouveia Tânia Maria de Almeida
Published: September 2021

O artigo apresenta uma reflexão acerca do imperativo das emoções positivas nos Sites de Redes Sociais (SRS). Para tanto, a atuação da empresa Ponto Frio é analisada a partir da hipótese de que a personalidade do personagem Pinguim se apresenta de acordo com os valores propagados pela lógica neoliberal de positividade, autoestima e empreendimento de si, fator constituinte do case de sucesso que o Ponto Frio se tornou em relação à atuação de empresas em SRS.
Jornalistas e tecnoatores: dois mundos, duas culturas, um objetivo
Authors: Canavilhas João , Satuf Ivan , Luna Diógenes , Torres Vitor
Published: September 2021

O artigo explora a crescente relevância dostecnoatores – designers e programadores– no webjornalismo. Três questõesbalizam a investigação: ainda se podedizer que a rede de trabalho dentro daredação funciona em torno do jornalista?Em que medida a emergência de novosatores pode interferir nos mecanismosde produção jornalística? Os designerse programadores partilham o mesmoconceito de notícia dos jornalistas? Asrespostas emergem num grupo focalrealizado com três profissionais – umjornalista, um designer e um programador– do jornal Web Observador.
Acceptance and Hope for Achievement (Aha) Syndrome As Key Resilience for Sustaining Community Based Programmes
Authors: Kasenga Fyson
Published: September 2021

They are an answer to transforming communities from poverty to prosperity. However, caution should be observed because it is not every community based programme that will have the potential to transform a community positively. It depends on the approaches selected and used to empower the communities. Having worked with various communities in diverse cultures ranging from Malawi, Kenya and Tanzania among others, what has been observed is that communities respond to different initiatives differently but the principle remains the same and therefore is a common factor. The bottom line behind community based programmes is to create what is called 'community resilience'. In this write up this means that communities are empowered to depend on themselves and live within their means economically, socially, culturally, spiritually as well as psychologically with minimal or no external support at all (Quirk, R, 2001). Borrowing a leaf from an international economic order as coined by the Alma Ata Declaration of 1978 where it said that 'the rich and developed nations have the mandate to support the poor and developing nations' should not be take for granted. Should the support from rich and developed nations to the underdeveloped ones continue to make no positive impact on the nation in question then it becomes pathological, hence unacceptable. As such, the support needs not to continue but rather be revisited or another alternative should be sorted out.