bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cinco hermanos muy católicos, la confesionalidad religiosa de los estados centroamericanos: un legado de la Constitución Cádiz y su vinculación con los concordatos (1812-1862)
Authors: Sandí Morales José Aurelio
Published: November 2024

Este artículo pretende analizar la confesionalidad heredada por parte de la Corona española a través de la Constitución de Cádiz en los cinco estados independientes que surgieron a partir de la desintegración del antiguo Reino de Guatemala, entre 1821 a 1862. La confesionalidad marcó el devenir histórico de estos pueblos y estados, pues fue punto fundamental para comprender las relaciones que se dieron con otros estados del mundo occidental, así como con la Santa Sede. Esto es debido a que los pueblos centroamericanos, para el periodo en estudio, eran profundamente católicos y no solo en sus constituciones políticas, sino también en su cotidianidad. Sin embargo, tal confesionalidad se fue modificando con el tiempo, pues pasó de ser exclusiva y excluyente, a ser tolerante. Esto obedeció a las nuevas realidades políticas, económicas y sociales que atravesaron el mundo occidental dentro del periodo en análisis. Las fuentes utilizadas para este trabajo son las primeras constituciones de cada estado post independencia, así como las constituciones vigentes en el año que se firmó el concordato. De igual modo, se utilizó diferentes correspondencias de varios archivos tanto de Centroamérica como de la Santa Sede.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 18/04/2024
Fecha de aceptación/ Acceptance date: 3/05/2024
Las reformas judiciales del primer bienio republicano (1931-1933)
Authors: Pérez Trujillano Rubén
Published: November 2024

El propósito de este artículo es analizar las reformas judiciales emprendidas por la Segunda República española durante el bienio reformista de 1931-1933. Para ello, se sistematizan las reformas relacionadas con la administración y el personal judicial atendiendo a sus objetivos: constitucionalización de un poder público independiente, republicanización de sus componentes y prácticas, participación ciudadana en la administración de justicia y, por último, modernización de procesos y hábitos de trabajo.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 15/03/2024
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 4/05/2024
Experimental study of aluminum alloys and their welded joints for compliance with roll-over protection structures requirements according to the GOST ISO 3471-2015
Authors: Vdovin Denis S. , Aleksandrov Dmitry A. , Sinyukov Nikita V. , Rudkov Dmitry N.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, cabins of agricultural and construction machinery with integrated roll-over protecting structures are widely used. Using aluminum alloys is one of the ways for significant weight reduction of these load-bearing structures; however, there are issues with mechanical properties of aluminum in the welded joint zone. The recently appeared additive technologies for aluminum alloys help to obtain structures with complex shape that demonstrate high ductility and impact toughness. However, their application in development of roll-over protecting structures requires additional research to determine compliance with passive safety requirements according to the GOST ISO 3471-2015.
AIM: To study the stress-strain state of aluminum alloy specimens and their welded joint for compliance with passive safety requirements according to the GOST ISO 3471-2015.
METHODS: The experiment-simulation approach is used in this study. A universal tensile machine and an impact testing machine are used in the experiment.
RESULTS: The mechanical properties of the samples made of 3D-printed aluminum alloys and their welded joints were obtained. Their degree of compliance with passive safety requirements according to the GOST ISO 3471-2015 was established.
CONCLUSION: According to the conducted study, the potential for use of 3d-printed aluminum alloys and their welded joints in rollover protection structures of cabins in agricultural and construction machinery is confirmed.
Selection of battery parameters for a M1 category hybrid vehicle
Authors: Shabanov Alexander V. , Esakov Alexey E. , Bernatsky Vladislav V. , Krasavin Pavel A.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: To optimize the operation of a hybrid vehicle power plant, it is necessary to select the parameters of its traction battery correctly, which significantly affect the control algorithm and charge-discharge balance. The presence of a method that helps to make a reasonable choice depending on the characteristics of the target vehicle, the conditions and modes of its operation will make it possible to increase energy efficiency indicators.
AIM: Development of the method for calculating the parameters of a hybrid vehicle traction battery using the energy charge-discharge balance of its power plant.
METHODS: A mathematical model of the charge-discharge energy balance has been proposed. Using this model, it is possible to make appropriate calculations on the amount of energy expended by the power plant when a vehicle moving through the stages of the European urban cycle, and to analyze various algorithms for controlling the power plant to achieve maximal energy efficiency, as well as to select capacity and power of a traction battery. The basis for the calculations was the cycle described in the UN Regulation No. 83.
RESULTS: The process of energy accumulation in a traction battery is considered, and criteria for choosing an algorithm for the operation of the vehicle’s power plant are indicated. The energy of vehicle motion in the urban cycle was determined, taking into account the operating time of the units, and the charge-discharge energy balance was calculated, which, in turn, made it possible to find the proper battery capacity. It has been found that the battery charge value at the end of the cycle should be equal to the initial value, which allows the use of a lower capacity battery and ensures maximal energy efficiency of the power plant. Also, based on the calculation results, recommendations were made regarding the optimization of the specific energy and weight-size parameters of the battery.
CONCLUSION: The proposed method is helpful to make a reasonable choice of а hybrid vehicle power plant parameters to ensure its energy efficiency.
İnfliksimab ve biyobenzerlerinin steroide refrakter şiddetli ülseratif kolitte kolektomisiz sağ kalıma etkisinin incelenmesi
Authors: Eren Fatih , Göktuğ Mehmet Refik , Cesur Selcan , Keskin Mehmet Kürşad , Çakır Fahri Güven , Macunluoğlu Aslı , Gürel Selim , Dolar Mahmut Enver
Published: November 2024

Giriş ve Amaç: Ülseratif kolitli hastaların üçte biri akut şiddetli ülseratif kolit ile başvurmakta ve kortikosteroid tedavisi gerekmektedir. Çalışmada kortikosteroide yanıtsız hastalarda infliksimab ve biyobenzerlerinin kurtarma tedavisinde kolektomisiz sağ kalım üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Truelove-Witts aktivite indeksine göre şiddetli kolit kriterlerini karşılayan ve intravenöz kortikosteroid tedavisine yanıtsız olması nedeniyle infliksimab kurtarma tedavisi verilen 48 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Klinik kötüleşme, yeni tedaviye geçilme gerekliliği ve kolektomi ihtiyacı progresyon olarak tanımlandı. Kısa süreli (3 ay) ve uzun süreli (12 ay) kolektomisiz sağ kalım primer sonlanım olarak kabul edildi. Ayrıca orijinal ve biyobenzer infliksimab etkinlik açısından karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: 14 hastaya orijinal infliksimab, 34 hastaya biyobenzer infliksimab tedavisi verilmişti. Kısa ve uzun süreli sonlanımda hiçbir hastada kolektomi ihtiyacı saptanmadı. İki yıl ve üzerinde biyobenzer infliksimab tedavisi alan iki hastaya kolektomi uygulanmış olduğu saptandı. Progresyon varlığına göre sağ kalım sürelerinin istatistiksel olarak farklılık gösterdiği belirlendi (p < 0.001). Genel sağ kalım süresinin ise farklılık göstermediği saptandı (p > 0.05). Sonuç: Kortikosteroide refrakter şiddetli ülseratif kolitli hastalarda kolektomisiz sağ kalım için hem orijinal hem de biyobenzer infliksimab etkili bulundu.
Analisis Antropometri, Biomekanika, dan Beban Kerja Fisik pada Pengoperasian Alat Pengupas Nenas Tipe Engkol
Authors: Hartuti Sri , Zulfahrizal Zulfahrizal , Dhafir Muhammad , Muslim Muslim
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze anthropometry, biomechanics, and physical workload on the use of a crank-type pineapple peeler. The results showed that the crank-type pineapple peeler could be used at optimum hand reach. Based on the measurement results, the average heart rate for operators ranges from 101–112 pulses/minute, and it was classified as medium workload. The rate of  oxygen consumption at the operator reached 0.67–0.89 liters/minute, and it could be classifiedas low workload.
A multi-method Analysis of Food Desert Residents’ Lived Experience with Food
Authors: Thomas Terrence , Cankurt Murat
Published: November 2024

Accessibility is one of the main factors determining dietary habits. Food deserts are the zones where it is difficult to access healthy food. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the food perceptions, behaviors and food experiences of individuals living in food deserts in Guilford County, North Carolina. The ISAC analysis procedure (which includes identification, segmentation, and characterization stages), first published in this paper, was used to examine the study data. Factor analysis isolated the following dimensions of food value, emotional, environmental & social, economic, ethical and safety in the identification stage. Using these dimensions as clustering variables, segments labeled as value-positive, value-negative, and hedonic approaches to food values were identified. The Value-Positive segment consists mostly of African Americans who work full-time, are middle-aged, and live in one-person households. The Hedonic segment consists mostly of women, full-time workers, and young adults. Older, unemployed, and low-income individuals represent the value-negative segment. Results clearly show that each segment differed according to its demographic and behavioral characteristics. The qualitative analysis revealed that factors other than access to food are important in determining food desert residents’ relationship with food and even though residents recognize that food plays a key role in achieving good health, they are reluctant to follow healthier diets because it takes too long realize the positive effects. Overall, these results can be used to develop targeted strategies and policies for a healthier society and a better quality of life.
Pharmacological screening of anti-inflammatory potential of polyherbal extract
Authors: Patil Rahul N. , Tarle Rohan R. , Somvanshi Snehal R. , Raut Hemant V. , Aher Nitin B. , Vyavhare Prashant V.
Published: November 2024

Inflammation is the immune response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, toxic compounds, or irradiation and acts by removing injurious stimuli and initiating the healing process. Inflammation is therefore a defense mechanism that is vital to health. Usually, during acute inflammatory responses, cellular and molecular events and interactions efficiently minimize impending injury or infection. Current herbal medicine has been found effective with minimal or no side effect.

Polyherbal extract of plants which contains curcumin, withanolides, withanoferins, linoleic acid are the active constituents responsible for Anti-inflammatory effect. Extraction of the plant material was done to obtain extract and further proceed for physical characterization and phytochemical analysis. TLC was done to confirm the active constituents present in polyherbal with reference to standard. The polyherbal extract was compared with standard to evaluate the anti-inflammatory by in-vitro assessment of Bovine albumin fraction and Protein denaturation assay.

The percentage yield of extracts were found to 66.7, 74.2, 63.7.The R value of polyherbal extract was found to be 0.82 which matches with the standard and hence presence of curcumin, withanolides, withanoferins, linoleic acid was confirmed. The dose dependent study and statistical comparison with the help of graph pad prism, version 9.03 by one way ANOVA followed by dunnett’s multiple comparison test has revealed that moderate inhibition (p≤0.05) is observed in albumin and protein denaturation treated with Polyherbal extract when compared with standard Diclofenac sodium and hence the Anti-inflammatory effect of Polyherbal extract is justified.
CFD Simulation and Surface Modification of SG Cast Iron for Hot Rolling Applications
Authors: Deshmukh S. H. , Gogte C. L.
Published: November 2024

The wear resistance and heat dissipation of hot rolling mill rollers are critical factors affecting their durability and operational efficiency, particularly under extreme thermal and mechanical conditions. This study investigates the surface modification of SG iron rollers through tungsten laser cladding, aiming to improve these properties. A comprehensive approach, combining Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and experimental trials, was employed to evaluate the performance of tungsten-cladded rollers relative to untreated ones. The results revealed a 10-18% improvement in heat dissipation for tungsten-cladded rollers, attributed to enhanced heat transfer rates and better cooling efficiency. The analysis of fluid flow patterns, water volume fraction, and cooling angles demonstrated that tungsten cladding allowed for more effective heat management and uniform cooling across the roller surface. In the experimental trials, the mechanical properties of SG iron showed significant enhancement after laser cladding. The microhardness of the cladded surface increased by 59%, from 220 HV to 350 HV, offering improved resistance to surface deformation and wear. Furthermore, the wear resistance improved by 35% reduction in wear loss, as the tungsten and MoS₂/WC composite coatings provided a strong protective barrier against abrasion. Additionally, the Coefficient of Friction (COF) was reduced by 43%, from 0.7 to 0.4, due to the lubricating properties of MoS₂, minimizing frictional heat and energy loss during operation. These findings reveal the effectiveness of tungsten laser cladding as a surface modification technique for SG iron rollers, with practical implications for improving the durability and operational efficiency of hot rolling mill rollers.
Memory Enhancing Activity of Combination Extracts of Bauhinia variegata Leaf and Madhuca longifolia Leaf by Elevated Plus Maze and Estimation of MDA, SOD and Catalase
Authors: Khare Pragati , Khare Noopur , Saxena Krati , Sharma Jyoti , Priyadarshi Swati , Sharma Divya
Published: November 2024

The aim is to investigate the role of a combination of Madhuca longifolia (ML) and Bauhinia variegata (BV) ethanolic leaf extracts against oxidative damage in Swiss albino mice and colchicine-induced cognitive dysfunction; to estimate the neuroprotective impact using M. longifolia and B. variegata combination by behavioral testing and to analyze the biochemical parameters. The experimental analysis was done for 28 days on a colchicine-induced model. Elevated plus maze and actophotometer were used for behavioral experiments and biochemical parameters like SOD, catalase and MDA were analyzed. 36 Swiss albino mice were grouped into six groups, each consisting of six mice. 1 percent w/v Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) was administered to Group I. Group II received effective dose ED (BV) +ED (ML) (400mg/ kg+200mg/kg oral). Group III was administered ED (BV)+ED(ML)+colchicine (400mg/kg+200mg/kg+1mg/kg,i.c.v.). The fourth group got ED(BV)+ED(ML)+piracetam (400mg/kg+200mg/kg oral+200mg/kg, i.p.). Group V has been given low dose BV+low dose ML(200mg/kg +100 mg/kg oral) for 28 days and colchicine 1 mg/kg, i.p., at 60 min after 28th day piracetam injection. Group VI received high dose BV+high dose ML (400mg/kg + 200 mg/kg oral). M. longifolia and B. variegata ethanolic leaf extracts indicated an increase in transfer latency of mice in an elevated plus maze. No significant changes were observed in the locomotor activity in actophotometer. The transfer latency in the passive avoidance model showed a good increment. The M. longifolia and B. variegata leaf extract combination showed an increment (P<0.001) in SOD and catalase levels and a decrease (P<0.001) in MDA and total protein. The combination of M. longifolia and B. variegata has a neuroprotective effect against memory damage caused by colchicine.
Customer welfare of Sharia microfinance institutions: Ease of access, product expertise, and the mediating role of service quality
Authors: Ismanto Kuat , Mutmainah Ina
Published: November 2024

Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) is vital in developing Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This paper examines the benefits of BMT for members regarding accessibility, product expertise, and service quality. This study was designed with quantitative methods using a survey by distributing questionnaires to 200 respondents gathered from five branch offices of BMT Bahtera, Pekalongan, Indonesia. This study employed path analysis to analyze the data. The study results demonstrate that accessibility, product expertise, and service quality significantly impacted consumer welfare. This result indicates that customer welfare is the primary factor in the growth of BMTs. Conversely, accessibility, product expertise, and service quality were significant for BMT growth and members’ welfare. This research contributes to BMT product quality improvement and ease of access to customer services by using technology to create effectiveness and efficiency.
Artificial Intelligence Writing in Higher Education:
Authors: Ballantyne Emily
Published: November 2024

Winter 2023 was a scary time for educators being confronted with generative AI for the first time. The launch of ChatGPT caused nothing less than a seismic shift in the field of higher education. Amidst calls to ban it from schools and decrying the end of entire disciplines, there was also a great surge of enthusiasm and optimism as faculty and students alike contended with how this will shape their educational experience going forward. This paper reflects on this time and on the then-emerging issue of how to respond to generative AI in higher education from the perspective of a teaching and learning centre. These centres occupy a middle space for educators between the administration making decisions for institutions and the faculty members responding to generative AI in their classrooms. Teaching and learning centres can provide resources, strategize, and centralize the distribution of information, resources, and supports from across institutions and between institutions.
EFICÁCIA DA TERAPIA COGNITIVO-COMPORTAMENTAL NO TRATAMENTO DE FOBIAS ESPECÍFICAS
Authors: SOuza Ana Paula Ojeda de , Costa Junior Claudio Eduardo dos Santos , Oliveira Erick Vieira Queiroz de , Vargas Alessandra Alves Fonseca , Rocha Hayumy Lima
Published: November 2024

As transformações sociais presentes nas últimas décadas, como o avanço tecnológico e a globalização,
vêm contribuindo para o aumento do nível de ansiedade em toda população, e com isto, a manifestação de diversos
transtornos de ansiedade como as fobias específicas. Compreendidas como um medo desproporcional em relação
à um objeto ou situação especifica, as fobias especificas são responsáveis pelo prejuízo ou comprometimento da
qualidade de vida e do bem-estar do indivíduo, uma vez que, a rotina diária do indivíduo pode ser impactada e
prejudicada. Com base nestas considerações, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral de analisar por meio de
uma revisão bibliográfica à literatura cientifica a eficácia da Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental (TCC) no
tratamento das fobias específicas
O IDOSO EM INSTITUIÇÃO DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA: FALANDO DE ABANDONO
Authors: Oliveira Erick Vieira Queiroz de , Costa Junior Claudio Eduardo dos Santos , Souza Ana Paula Ojeda de , Vargas Alessandra Alves Fonseca , Rocha Hayumy Lima
Published: November 2024

RESUMO: O presente trabalho trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa sobre a correlação da
vivência do idoso em Instituições de Longa Permanência e o abandono. Esta pesquisa visou compreender o
processo de mortificação do indivíduo dentro das instituições totais, preservando a singularidade do sujeito
através dos processos institucionais. A pesquisa foi realizada no Asilo Legião do Bem, localizado no bairro do
Méier, cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foram feitas entrevistas semiabertas, divididas em três questionários diferentes
e em três grupos de sujeitos: oito idosas institucionalizadas, nove responsáveis e dezessete participantes entre
funcionários e voluntários no período de abril a maio de 2022. O trabalho foi realizado dentro da instituição
pelo período de um ano e meio e terá continuidade após a finalização da pesquisa. Durante a pesquisa foi
observada uma melhora no quadro clínico geral das idosas, um maior entrosamento, participação nas atividades
e melhora significativa no comportamento das mesmas. Conclui-se com a presente pesquisa que o abandono
dentro de uma Instituição de Longa Permanência se constitui ao se deixar um idoso sem amparo ou cuidado,
seja familiar ou de uma equipe multiprofissional, quadro oposto ao encontrado no Asilo Legião do Bem,
cumprindo a instituição, assim, o papel objetivado pela pesquisa.
Palavras Chaves: asilo. ILPI. abandono. cuidado. Idoso
HIPERCONECTIVIDADE E ANSIEDADE: OS IMPACTOS DA ERA DIGITAL NA SAÚDE MENTAL E NAS RELAÇÕES INTERPESSOAIS
Authors: Costa Junior Claudio Eduardo dos Santos , Oliveira Erick Vieira Queiroz de , Souza Ana Paula Ojeda de , Vargas Alessandra Alves Fonseca , Rocha Hayumy Lima
Published: November 2024

RESUMO: O século XXI está sendo marcado por transformações digitais e pelo avanço da tecnologia, e com isto a sociedade atual se encontra cada vez mais conectada a seus dispositivos tecnológicos para realização de diversas atividades. Em consequência a esse avanço, percebe- se um aumento da ansiedade em seus usuários. Desta forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as possíveis relações da ansiedade com a hiperconectividade. Levando em consideração a importância da realidade tecnológica atual no cotidiano, visou-se identificar os seus impactos na sociedade diante dos estímulos recebidos por meio desta hiperconexão.O método utilizado neste trabalho foi a pesquisa qualitativa, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura existente, tendo como referencial teórico a definição de tecnologia e seu contexto histórico;o conceito de ansiedade e seu encadeamento na sociedade conectada.Identificando, assim, a mutualidade destes dois construtos na vida do indivíduo.
Palavras-Chaves: Hiperconectividade; Tecnologia e Ansiedade.
After the Massacre of Innocent Children and Women in Gaza, Will the World Remain Silent against the Massacre of the People of Lebanon?
Authors: Akhondzadeh Shahin
Published: November 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
War Attacks on Medical Staff, Hospital and Healthcare System During 225 Days in Gaza: A Scoping Review and Efficiency Assessment of the International Humanitarian Law
Authors: Salehi Mohammadreza , Bahramnezhad Fatemeh , Siami Zeinab , Mohammadpour Sepideh , Besharati Laya , Akhondzadeh Shahin
Published: November 2024

During wars, hospitals, medical staff, and civilians are protected by International Humanitarian Law (IHL). However, this importance is not observed in some instances. We examined the killing of medical staff and attacks on medical facilities during the Gaza war. In this scoping review, we gathered data from primary and secondary sources, such as newspapers, peer-reviewed journals, open-source platforms, social networks, and Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) websites from October 27, 2023 to May 21, 2024. Additionally, we collected data from some organizations, such as Physicians for Human Rights (PHR), the World Health Organization (WHO), Palestine Ministry of Health, World Bank, and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
According to different reports, between 400 to 800 incidents of violence against the healthcare services were documented in Gaza from the start of the war on October 27, 2023 until May 21, 2024. These incidents include obstruction of access to medical facilities, attack on ambulances, damage to hospital buildings, and targeting of medical staff and healthcare volunteers. Although the WHO issued warnings to stop the violence against medical staff and health facilities, these efforts were unsuccessful.
The results revealed that unprecedented tragedies are occurring in Gaza, where medical facilities and staff are being targeted and killed. However, the response of international organizations appears to be passive and not appropriate to the extent of the war crimes. Moving forward, the international community should consider developing more effective solutions to address criminal behavior within the healthcare sector.
Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among COVID-19 Survivors: A 6-Month Follow-up Study in a Few Referral Hospitals of Tehran, Iran
Authors: Sharafi Sayedeh Elham , Pourgharib Shahi Mohammad Hossein , Vatankhah Venus
Published: November 2024

Background: COVID-19 has significantly impacted individuals globally, leading to heightened levels of stress and psychological distress. COVID-19 hospitalized patients experience social exclusion, physical pain, and survival anxiety. This study aims to screen recovered COVID-19 patients for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and assess its correlation with psychosocial factors for six months.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cohort study, 401 patients aged 18-80 years were hospitalized in hospitals related to Tehran University of Medical Sciences due to COVID-19 from March 1 to May 31, 2021, and were followed for six months. Recovered patients completed electronic  PCL-5 and demographic questionnaires to be screened for PTSD and other psychiatric comorbidities. The data were analyzed utilizing multivariate logistic regression models.
Results: Based on the PCL-5, PTSD was diagnosed in 6.4% of the samples. 10.2% of the samples received a subthreshold PTSD diagnosis. 46.2% of the samples with a PTSD diagnosis had a positive past psychiatric history. Results demonstrated that a previous positive psychiatric diagnosis has a statistically significant relationship with PTSD (p<0.05).  This research did not reveal any significant association between PTSD symptoms and demographic features.
Conclusion: PTSD and subthreshold PTSD rates in COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge are significant. A positive past psychiatric history was recognized as a contributing factor contributing to the onset of PTSD. COVID-19 survivors should be screened for PTSD during follow-up examinations.
Predicting ICU Admission for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients by Artificial Neural Network Combined with Elastic Net
Authors: Sarbakhsh Parvin , Ghaffary Saba , Shaseb Elnaz , Akbarnejad Reza
Published: November 2024

Background: Machine learning models could assist physicians in identifying high-risk COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to predict the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission in COVID-19 hospitalized patients by the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model combined with Elastic Net algorithm.
Methods: In this prospective study, the data of 139 COVID-19 patients admitted to Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz between 20 March and 5 April 2020, were analyzed. The Elastic Net method was used to choose features with high importance. The chosen variables were standardized and ANN was fitted to the data with one hidden layer based on the descending gradient algorithm. To validate the model, the training and test group method with a ratio of 70 to 30 was used. The model’s predictive power was reported by calculating the overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under the ROC curve (AUC).
Results: According to the results of the Elastic Net, the ANN model was constructed based on age, sex, body mass index, diabetes mellitus status, history of heart disease, and vital signs including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, saturated oxygen level, pulse rate, respiration rate, and body temperature. The overall accuracy of this model was 93.15%, sensitivity 80%, specificity 95.8%, and AUC 0.90. Saturated oxygen level, pulse rate, and age were the most important and predictive variables.
Conclusion: In the investigated sample of patients admitted with COVID-19, the fitted ANN model had acceptable performance to predict the ICU admission. This finding could be useful for physicians and policy makers.
Investigation of the Accompaniment of Cancer in Rheumatic Diseases in Mashhad, Iran, from 2007-2018: A Retrospective, Descriptive, Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sahebari Maryam , Rezaieyazdi Zahra , Homapoor Saba , Mirfeizi Zahra , Shamshirian Ali , Joghatayi Muhammed , Mozaheb Zahra , Khodashahi Mandana
Published: November 2024

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the association between rheumatic diseases and cancer in patients referred to two medical-training centers and private clinics over 10 years in Mashhad, Iran.
Methods: This study, which was retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional in nature, involved 1,036 rheumatic patients who were referred to Imam Reza and Ghaem Hospitals, as well as rheumatology clinics in Mashhad, Iran, between 2007 and 2018. For each patient, data was collected on demographics, laboratory results, type of rheumatic disease, duration of the disease, frequency of malignancy among rheumatic patients, type of malignancy, and the drug treatments administered up until the final diagnosis of malignancy. The study concluded with a comparison between rheumatic patients with malignancy and those without.
Results: The incidence of malignancy was found to be higher in women (p=0.005) and in older age groups (p=0.005). Furthermore, patients with malignancy were observed to use biological drugs (p=0.001), Adalimumab (p=0.02), and Infliximab (p=0.01) less frequently. Upon examination of laboratory data, it was noted that the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) was higher in cases of malignancy (p<0.005), while the serum hemoglobin level was lower in such cases (p=0.009).
Conclusion: The study’s findings suggest a higher incidence of malignancy was observed in women and older age groups. Additionally, patients with malignancy were less likely to use biological drugs, including Adalimumab and Infliximab. These insights could potentially guide future research and therapeutic strategies in the management of rheumatic diseases.
HTLV1 Infection in Patients with Common Endogenous Dermatitis
Authors: Layegh Pouran , Nazemi Nooshin , Nahidi Yalda , Rafatpanah Houshang , Rezaee Seyed Abdolrahim , Meshkat Zahra , Torabi Shatila , Mousavi Seyed Amirhossein
Published: November 2024

Background: Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type I (HTLV1) infection has been reported in patients with a variety of skin lesions in some parts of the world, especially in endemic areas. Infective Dermatitis associated with HTLV-1 (IDH) is the prototypic dermatologic manifestation of infection. However, to the best of our knowledge, it has not been reported in Iran as an endemic area yet. It is aimed to investigate the prevalence of HTLV1 infection among patients with common endogenous dermatitis. 
Methods: During a cross-sectional study, blood samples of 100 patients with both clinical and pathological diagnoses of common endogenous dermatitis including atopic, seborrheic, and nummular dermatitis who were referred to the Dermatology Clinic of Ghaem and Imam Reza Hospitals, Mashhad, Iran were obtained and evaluated for the presence of anti –HTLV-1 antibody using the ELISA method. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for HTLV-1 was conducted in cases where the anti-HTLV1 antibody was positive. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16, Chicago, IL, USA.
Results: Among 100 samples, two cases including erythrodermic dermatitis and atopic dermatitis were positive according to the ELISA method (2.0%). The dermatitis in HTLV1-positive patients was erythematous, scaly, with a generalized distribution and a recurrent nature, but did not complete the Infective Dermatitis (ID) criterion.
Conclusion: In Iran as an endemic area, HTLV1-associated dermatitis may be present as recurrent generalized erythematous and scaly rash instead of known typical features of infective dermatitis.
Investigating Complaints Filed against the Medical Staff in Kerman Healthcare Organization before and after the COVID-19 Epidemic during 2018-19
Authors: Ahmadinejad Mohammad amin , Goudarzi Kasra , Sadrmohammadi Roya , Assar Siavash
Published: November 2024

Background: Patients’ complaints against hospital staff reflect dissatisfaction with care and service, indicating gaps in the healthcare delivery system. This study investigates the causes of complaints against medical staff referred to the Kerman healthcare organization before and after the COVID-19 epidemic.
Methods: This cross-sectional study examined claims filed against medical staff during two years—2018 (before COVID-19) and 2019 (after COVID-19). The data, collected from 154 forensic medical cases (120 in 2018, 34 in 2019), included the year of complaint, complaint outcome, reasons, and defendant’s education level.
Results: Indictments were issued for 31.2% (48 cases), prohibition of prosecution for 63.6% (98 cases), and suspension of prosecution for 8.2% (8 cases). Complaints due to complications were 61% (94 cases), mostly before COVID-19 (74 cases). Complaints due to patient death increased post-COVID-19 (8.4%, 13 cases). After the epidemic, most complaints were against physicians (70.5%) and dentists (20.6%) (p=0.001). Before COVID-19, complaints were highest among gynecologists and obstetricians (18.3%), surgical specialists (14.2%), and general practitioners (9.2%). Post-COVID-19, the highest complaints were against surgical specialists (20.6%), dentists (20.6%), and orthopedic specialists (17.6%).
Conclusion: Complaints against medical staff decreased post-COVID-19 compared to the previous year. The highest complaints were against gynecologists and obstetricians, surgical specialists, dentists, and orthopedic specialists. Common causes included death, complications due to lack of skill, and carelessness. Monitoring the performance of specialties with the highest complaints is necessary.
The Outcome and Hospital Discharge Rate after Pediatric in Hospital CPR During Nights and Weekends
Authors: Ahmed Mustafa Ali Mohamed , Memarian Sara , Malekzadeh Iran , Ghahvechi-Akbari Masoud , Gharib Behdad
Published: November 2024

Background: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is considered as the most important skill for physicians. The practice of effective CPR depends on the quality of the CPR training, team work skills and hospital management. Because of complexity and several variables involved, the outcome of CPR may vary in the different times of day and different days of the week. 
Methods: This study is a cross sectional and the data were provided from the medical records. All the patients who underwent CPR from July 2021 to Feb 2022 in the Children’s Medical Center Hospital were included. The ward, disease, gender and age, the time of the day and the day of the week in which CPR event happened and the Survival to Discharge from Hospital (SDH), had been registered. We compared The SDH rate of CPRs between different days of the week (working days and weekends) and also different working shifts (morning, afternoon and night) were compared.
Results: The rate of SDH of the patients who underwent CPR was to 21.2%. There wasn’t a significant difference between SDH during working days and weekends and during the morning, afternoon and night shifts. 
Conclusion: The SDH rate was lower in the night shifts and during the weekends but the difference wasn’t significant. It is recommended to improve the medical team CPR skills in all shifts specially in the evening and night shifts. Also, an appropriate dissemination of health care staff in working shifts should be done to increase the success rate of CPR procedure.
Dietary Acid Load and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Chronic Kidney Patients: A Study From South West of Iran
Authors: Koor Behrooz Ebrahimzadeh , Mousavizadeh Ali , PourAnsari Pardis , Jounaghani Milad Nasiri , Mohammadian Zahra , Khazaei Yasaman
Published: November 2024

Background: Kidney diseases are prevalencing rapidly and -nutri tional transition has increased the Dietary Acid Load (DAL) of diet and thus exacerbating the metabolic disorders. The goal of the study was to determine the association the DAL of the diet with certain renal function indices in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 90 CKD patients were recruited. The DAL index, including the Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL), Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP), and Net Acid Excretion (NAE) was calculated using data from a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and adjusted for energy variables. Ultimately, their correlation with anthropometric and biochemical indices, such as Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and Creatinine (Cre) was estimated.
Results: Median and Interquartile range (IQR) of DAL for  participants was 13.9(8.9-20.9), 47.1(39.3-52.12) and 55.8(50.16-61.9) mEq/day for PRAL, NEAP, and NAE, respectively, with a strong correlation (p<0.001) among them. Age (p<0.05), total daily energy intake (p<0.05), percentage of protein and carbohydrates from energy (p<0.05), and GFR (p<0.05) were significantly higher in the third tertile compared to the T1 group of DAL indexes. However, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) (p<0.05) and Cre (p<0.05) were lower.
After adjustment in the General Linear Model, the Mean difference (MD) of GFR and Cre became nonsignificant. Nevertheless, in the crude model, the MD of GFR and Cre were significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: By adjusting the effect of confounding variables, DAL indics of CKD patient did not show significant correlation with renal function. Long-term studies involving larger populations and consideration of confounding factors are recommended.
Determinants of Maternity Care Across Continuum of Care Among Women Aged 15-49 Years in Pakistan: A Stratified Comparative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dadras Omid , Dadras Fatemeh
Published: November 2024

Background: While numerous studies have explored sociodemo- graphic disparities in accessing maternity care in Pakistan, there remains a paucity of knowledge regarding the continuum of maternity care and the unequal access between urban and rural areas in the country. Thus, this study aimed to bridge this gap.
Methods: We performed a secondary analysis using data from the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey (2017-18), stratifying by urban and rural residents. Poisson regression was employed to discern the sociodemographic factors associated with three crucial aspects of maternity care: adequate antenatal care (ANC), skilled birth attendance (SBA), and postnatal care (PNC), as well as the completion of the continuum of care (CoC). Additionally, path analysis estimated the relationship between adequate ANC, SBA, and PNC along the pathway of ongoing maternity care.
Results: The results indicated higher education, wealth, living in ICT region, mobile phone ownership, internet use, TV viewership, and newspaper reading increased the likelihood of receiving ANC, SBA, PNC, and completing CoC. Conversely, higher parity, living in Baluchistan/FATA regions decreased the likelihood of receiving ANC, SBA, PNC, and completing CoC. Adequate ANC increased the likelihood of SBA, PNC, and completing CoC. However, SBA did not impact PNC along the care pathway.
Conclusion: Regardless of place of residence, higher levels of education and wealth, as well as access to mass media, were found to be the most significant determinants of receiving adequate ANC, SBA, PNC, and completing CoC and should be prioritized in future policy making in Pakistan to enhance the maternal and child health.
Diagnosis of Cowden Syndrome as an Example of Dentist-Physician Communication: Report of a Case
Authors: Baharvand Maryam , Mortazavi Hamed , Ladanmoghadam Mahsa , Dalirani Sara
Published: November 2024

Background: The mouth is the mirror of the body and can manifest signs of underlying health issues. The oral soft and hard tissues are physically linked to the rest of the body. Therefore, the role of dentists is much greater than the dental setup. Many physicians consider dentistry as a purely practical occupation and not scientific. In recent years, the relationship between oral and systemic disease has become a leading research issue. Interventional studies focused on the relationship between dental treatment and its effect on certain systemic condition. In this regard, the aim of this study is to introduce a case of Cowden Syndrome (CS) which was first diagnosed according to their oral manifestations by a dentist.
Case report: A 37-year-old woman was referred to the Department of Oral Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences complaining of aesthetic problems. Intra-oral examinations showed grooves and papillomatosis. Examination of the oral cavity showed a high- arched palate, hypoplasia of the maxilla and jaw. According to the patient’s oral presentation, we asked for a consultation with gastroenterologist, gynecologist and endocrinologist. Finally, based on clinical and paraclinical findings, the clinicians put the final diagnosis of CS.
Discussion: According to the review of literature, less than 500 cases have been reported worldwide, many of which have been diagnosed by dental surgeons, or oral pathology and medicine specialists by recognition of mucocutaneous lesions. There is a close association of CS with the development of several malignant neoplasms. This point emphasizes the importance of the early recognition of these lesions, which facilitates an early diagnosis of CS. Oral lesions can be the first sign of the disease, because they develop in 90 to 99% of cases. The diagnosis of CS in this case was made based on criteria proposed by the International Cowden Syndrome Consortium.
Conclusion: Since the patients can have a variety of clinical manifestations, the diagnosis can be mistaken and delayed. Therefore, it seems that there is a need for awareness of this entity in the dental community.
Echocardiography Findings Among Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients in Iran
Authors: Soraya Shiva , Milajard Hossein Heydari , Faramarzi Mohammad , Asadi Ali
Published: November 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
The Effectiveness of Treatment Based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Psychological Capital, Weight and Fat Mass in Obese Women
Authors: Tavallaei Mehdi , Hesarki Sharq Motahareh , Seyhoon Maryam , Tahvilian Negin , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological capital, weight and fat mass of obese women.
Method: This study is a semi-experimental, involving a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population comprised all overweight and obese women living in Yazd in 2021. According to the inclusion criteria, 30 people were selected and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The research instruments included a demographic information questionnaire, the psychological capital questionnaire, and the ACT treatment protocol. Following the pre-test, subjects in the control group underwent ACT treatment training sessions as the independent variable. The intervention consisted of nine group therapy sessions, each lasting 1.5 hours. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the data.
Results: At the beginning of the research, the average weight in the experimental group was 73.85 kg and in the control group was 74.01 kg. The findings of the research showed that the treatment based on ACT was able to play an effective role in increasing the psychological capital of overweight and obese women in Yazd city (p=0/001). This treatment was also effective in reducing the fat mass and weight of the participants (p=0/001).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it seems that ACT can play an effective role in solving the problems of overweight women and increase their psychological capital and reduce their weight and fat mass.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy on Depression and Self-Efficacy of Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Avarsin Aziz Seyfi , Pirkhaefi Alireza , Golkar Maryam Kalhornia
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases, which if not properly managed, can lead to not only physical health issues but also reduced psychological well-being and efficiency. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on depression and self-efficacy in patients with hypertension.
Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental intervention, conducted as a pre-test, post-test design with experimental and control groups, and with a 90-day follow-up. The study population consisted of all hypertension patients who referred to healthcare centers in Tehran in 2023, from which 38 subjects were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The data collection tools included a demographic form, the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-17). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05, using SPSS-21 software.
Results: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy was effective in reducing depression (F=78/6, P<0/001) and increasing self-efficacy (F=12/7, P< 0/001) among patients with hypertension. Additionally, the effect size of cognitive-behavioral therapy was 70% for depression and 27% for self-efficacy, with the effects persisting up to three months post-treatment.
Conclusion: The finding indicated that cognitive-behavioral therapy can lead to improvements in depression and an increase in psychological self-efficacy in patients with hypertension. Therefore, this cost-effective and affordable treatment method can be utilized alongside routine treatment (medication) to enhance the psychological well-being of these patients.
Determining Information Requirements for a Mobile Self-Care App for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Aghda Seyed Ali Fatemi , Hazhir Shadi , Langarizadeh Mostafa
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a common condition that affects a person's entire life after diagnosis. Self-care using a mobile phone helps to improve the management and ease the disease. This study aims to identify the educational content needed to design a self-care mobile application  for chronic kidney disease patients.
Methods: This applied study was conducted using a descriptive method. The tool used was a researcher-made questionnaire, which was validated for reliability and validity. The study population consisted of nephrologists and general surgeons, from which 25 participants were randomly and purposefully selected from the nephrology clinics of Tehran and Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics with SPSS software version 19.
Results: The educational content of the application was organized into three main axes, comprising 28 educational needs: Disease information, including understanding kidney function, stages of disease progression, and early and primary signs and symptoms; medications, encompassing familiarity with prescribed medications, drug interactions, and the importance of accurate and timely medication intake; and lifestyle and personal habits, covering healthy nutrition, weight management, and work-related issues. However, topics such as diagnostic methods, various tests, drug side effects, dietary regimens, nutritional energy tables, and opioid use were not deemed essential.
Conclusion: The educational needs serve as the first step in designing a self-care application for chronic kidney disease education. By defining the technical capabilities and various features of the application, patient awareness and adherence to desirable self-care behaviors will improve.