bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘All these things don’t take the pain away but they do help you to accept it’: making the case for compassion-focused therapy in the management of persistent pain
Authors: Gooding Hannah , Stedmon Jacqui , Crix Doug
Published: June 2019

Background:

People with persistent pain are frequently offered a pain management programme (PMP) as part of their care plan. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) principles often underpin PMPs and has a good evidence base; nevertheless, more recent systematic reviews have suggested that its effectiveness is limited. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) is a form of ‘third-wave CBT’ that offers an alternative and complementary view of pain, encouraging the person to be alongside their experience of pain and respond to it using skills of compassion they have learnt.

Method:

The current research explored the effectiveness of a 12-week CFT group for people who experience persistent pain. Research interviews explored CFT members’ experiences of the CFT group. Feedback was collected on the facilitators’ experience of running the group and questionnaire data collected on participants’ mood, pain disability, acceptance of chronic pain and levels of self-criticism and self-reassurance.

Results:

Interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis that revealed five master superordinate themes representative across all interviews. These were then triangulated with data from the questionnaires and facilitator feedback.

Conclusion:

In people whose persistent pain was compounded by a significant psychological component, a CFT group approach helped reduce feelings of isolation, improve ability to self-reassure, learn new ways of coping and develop a growing acceptance of the limitations associated with their pain. The possible implications for future clinical practice are considered.
Balancing Paradoxical Missions: How Does Microfinance Rebuild a Sustainable Path in Poverty Alleviation?
Authors: Wang Jiguang , Ran Bing
Published: June 2019

As an effective means in fighting poverty, microfinance experienced an unprecedented growth in many emerging economies followed by stagnation and deep crisis, due to an inherent paradox in the fundamental missions of microfinance industry: serving the poor and making profits to maintain institutional sustainability. This article explored sustainable mechanisms in balancing the paradoxical missions of microfinance institutions in the post-crisis era through an in-depth case study on RSL, a microfinance institution in China. The managerial principles and framework of RSL revealed in this article could guide indigenous microfinance companies to deal with the paradoxical nature of their missions and build a sustainable path in poverty alleviation.
Dichloromethane and ethanol co-exposure aggravates oxidative stress indices causing hepatic and renal dysfunction in pubertal rats.
Authors: Owumi Solomon E , Najophe Eseroghene S
Published: June 2019

Toxicological effects from chemical interaction may result in weaker or stronger effects. The present study investigated the influence of acute oral co-exposure to dichloromethane (DCM) and ethanol (EtOH) in rats. Four groups of rats were treated for seven consecutive days with corn oil, DCM at 150 mg/kg alone, EtOH at 5 g/kg alone, and both DCM and EtOH, respectively. Subsequently, biomarkers of hepatic and renal functions, cellular antioxidant defense systems, and oxidative stress indices were analyzed in the liver and kidney samples. Results indicated that the significant ( p < 0.05) elevations in the biomarkers of hepatic and renal toxicity following exposure of rats to DCM alone and EtOH alone were aggravated in the co-exposure group. Further, the significant reductions in the antioxidant status and the increase in lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidney of rats following exposure to DCM alone and EtOH alone were aggravated in the co-exposure group. Histological alterations of rats treated with DCM alone and EtOH alone were worsened in the co-exposure group. In summary, co-exposure to DCM and EtOH elicited more harmful effects on the liver and kidney than the individual chemical exposure, which is attributable to the intensified oxidative stress in the treated rats.
Evaluation of the Antispasmodic and Antisecretory Activities of the 80% Methanol Extracts of Verbena officinalis L: Evidence From In Vivo Antidiarrheal Study
Authors: Sisay Mekonnen , Bussa Negussie , Gashaw Tigist
Published: June 2019

Verbena officinalis L. has a folkloric repute for the management of digestive disorders, including diarrhea. However, the safety and efficacy of the plant material has not been scientifically validated yet. This study was, therefore, aimed to evaluate the overall antidiarrheal activity of the 80% methanol extracts of V officinalis in mice. The antidiarrheal activity of the 80% methanol extracts of the roots (R-80ME) and the leaves (L-80ME) of V officinalis was tested in castor oil–induced diarrhea in mice. R-80ME was further evaluated using charcoal meal and entero-pooling. In each test, group I and group II (controls) received 10 mL/kg distilled water and standard drug (5 mg/kg loperamide), respectively, whereas groups III, IV, and V (test groups) received 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the 80ME, respectively. The R-80ME at 200 mg/kg ( P < .01) and 400 mg/kg ( P < .001) significantly delayed the onset of diarrhea compared with negative control. Both R-80ME and L-80ME at 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly decreased the frequency of wet fecal outputs ( P < .01). Generally, 70.24% inhibition of the number of wet fecal output was recorded at R-80ME 400 mg/kg. Results from the charcoal meal test revealed that the R-80ME at 200 ( P < .01) and 400 mg/kg ( P < .001) produced a significant antimotility effect. In entero-pooling test, the R-80ME, at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses ( P < .01), showed a significant decline in both the volume and weight of intestinal contents. The maximum in vivo antidiarrheal index was determined to be 95.25 at dose of 400 mg/kg R-80ME. This study demonstrated that the 80ME, mainly the root extract, produced promising antidiarrheal activity and hence provides a scientific support for acclaimed traditional use of the plant material for treatment of diarrheal diseases.
Brief Yoga Intervention for Dental and Dental Hygiene Students: A Feasibility and Acceptability Study
Authors: Braun Sarah Ellen , Deeb George , Carrico Caroline , Kinser Patricia A.
Published: June 2019

The present study investigated whether a brief yoga intervention would be feasible and acceptable for dental students. Based on empirical evidence about state mindfulness (SM), change in self-reported SM was assessed as a measure of the intervention’s feasibility and acceptability. A repeated-measures within-subjects design was used. Participants were third- and fourth-year dental and dental hygiene students (76% female). The State Mindfulness Scale (SMS), a validated self-report measure of SM with 2 subscales, Mind and Body, was used. Students (n = 132) completed the SMS immediately prior to and following a 1-hour yoga intervention. Dispositional mindfulness, burnout, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms were also investigated as moderators of changes in state mindfulness to determine whether psychological variables had an effect on feasibility in this sample. Total SM significantly increased from pre- to post-intervention, t(46) = 10.26, P < .001. An analysis of covariance showed a significant interaction effect in the relationship between pre-/post-intervention SM of Mind ( β = 0.51, P = .048), such that higher levels of stress saw greater increases in SM of Mind. No other psychological variables were significant moderators. A brief yoga intervention for dental students significantly increased SM, suggesting that yoga interventions may be feasible and acceptable in this population. The results of moderation analyses suggest that a brief yoga intervention may be especially effective at increasing SM for those with high levels of stress. Future research should use a randomized control group to test group differences in SM after a brief yoga intervention for dental students.
The Romance of Radha: A Journey With Jayadeva
Authors: Somasundaram O. , Raghavan Vijaya
Published: June 2019

The legend of Radha, the gopi of ancient Vrindavan, with Lord Krishna is a favorite topic amongst his devotees. 12th-century poet Jayadeva’s description in Sanskrit Gita Govinda is a masterpiece and very popular in various parts of the subcontinent. Some aspects are touched upon here.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Isovitexin reduces carcinogenicity and stemness in hepatic carcinoma stem-like cells by modulating MnSOD and FoxM1
Authors: Cao Xiaocheng , Liu Lihua , Yuan Qing , Li Xiang , Cui Yinghong , Ren Kaiqun , Zou Chang , Chen A. , Xu Chang , Qiu Yebei , Quan Meifang , Zhang Jiansong , Cao Jianguo , Chen Xiangding
Published: June 2019

Background

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) upregulating FoxM1 have previously been demonstrated promoting lung cancer stemness. Isovitexin exhibits antitumor activities in various cancers. This study aimed to assess whether isovitexin inhibits hepatic carcinoma stem-like cells (HCSLCs) features via regulating MnSOD and FoxM1 expression.

Methods

Second-generation spheres from the hepatic carcinoma cell lines, respectively, were used as HCSLCs. Protein amounts of MnSOD, FoxM1 and stemness-associated markers (CD133, CD44, ALDH1, Bmi1, Nanog and Oct4) were determined by immunoblotting. In vitro carcinogenicity was evaluated by sphere- and colony-formation assays. The effects of isovitexin on HCSLC carcinogenicity and stemness were examined in vitro and in xenograft models. An adenoviral delivery system was employed to manipulate MnSOD and/or FoxM1. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify isovitexin downregulated FoxM1 by inhibiting MnSOD-mediated effects of E2F1 and/or Sp1 on activation of FoxM1 promoter.

Results

FoxM1 upregulation by MnSOD contributed to carcinogenicity and stemness, with increased sphere- and colony-formation capabilities, upregulated stemness-associated markers and CD133+subpopulation as well as elevated oncogenicity in vivo in HCSLCs compared with hepatic carcinoma cells. Isovitexin substantially decreased sphere and colony formation rates, and stemness-associated markers in cultured HCSLCs by suppressing MnSOD and FoxM1 expression. Importantly, isovitexin significantly inhibited tumor growth of in nude mice bearing HCSLCs and reduced CD133 protein expression of xenograft in nude mice. MnSOD or FoxM1 knockdown enhanced the effects of isovitexin suppression on carcinogenicity and stemness in HCSLC. MnSOD or FoxM1 overexpression attenuated the effects of isovitexin. Additionally, isovitexin and MnSOD knockdown could inhibit FoxM1 reporter activity via a decreased binding of E2F1 and/or Sp1 onto FoxM1 promoter. FoxM1 overexpression reversed the effects of isovitexin combined with MnSOD knockdown, without affecting MnSOD expression. Moreover, MnSOD knockdown plus thiostrepton, a FoxM1 specific inhibitor, cooperated with isovitexin to repress xenograft tumor growth and downregulate MnSOD and FoxM1 in nude mice bearing HCSLCs from MHCC97H cells.

Conclusions

Isovitexin inhibits carcinogenicity and stemness in HCSLCs by downregulating FoxM1via inhibition of MnSOD.
Identifying the Most Costly Patients in Radiation Oncology and Predicting the Top Spenders
Authors: Waddle Mark R. , Kaleem Tasneem A. , Stross William C. , Malouff Timothy D. , White Launia , Li Zhou , Naessens James , Spaulding Aaron , Aljabri Duaa , Ma Daniel J. , Keole Sameer , Miller Robert C.
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE:

Quality payment programs aim to adjust payments on the basis of quality and cost; however, few quality metrics exist in radiation oncology. This study evaluates and predicts the top spenders (TS) after radiation therapy (RT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Patient characteristics, cancer details, treatments, toxicity, and survival data were collected for patients treated with RT at Mayo Clinic from 2007 to 2016. Standardized costs were obtained and adjusted for inflation. TSs were identified as those with greater than 93rd percentile costs (≥ $120,812). Prediction models were developed to predict TSs using training and validation sets using information available at consultation, after RT, and at last follow-up.

RESULTS:

A total of 15,131 patients were included and 1,065 TSs identified. Mean cost overall was $55,290 (median, $39,996) for all patients. Prediction models 1, 2, and 3 had concordance statistics of 0.83 to 0.83, 0.85 to 0.85, and 0.87 to 0.88, respectively in training and validation, indicating excellent prediction of TSs. Factors that were most predictive of TSs included stage N/A and stage 4 ( v stage 0; odds ratio [OR], 18.23 and 8.44, respectively; P < .001); hematologic, upper GI, skin and lung cancers ( v breast; OR, 11.45, 7.69, 3.81, and 2.43, respectively; P < .01); immunotherapy, surgery, and chemotherapy use (OR, 4.36, 2.51, and 1.61, respectively; P < .01); hospitalizations within 90 days of RT (OR, 2.26; P < .01); or death during the episode (OR, 1.56; P < .01).

CONCLUSION:

This is the first study of its kind to predict with high accuracy the highest spenders in radiation oncology. These patients may benefit from pre-emptive management to mitigate costs, or may require exclusion or adjustment from quality payment programs.
Splenic Rupture and Postpartum Hemorrhage After Emergent Cesarean Delivery: A Case Report
Authors: Gokul Sheila R. , Riccio Christina A.
Published: June 2019

Postpartum hemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality. Although rare, peripartum splenic rupture (PSR) is a lethal cause of bleeding due to variable presentation and delayed diagnosis. A 22-year-old gravida 2, para 0, abortus 1 (G2P0A1) woman presented for premature rupture of membranes and was diagnosed with Influenza A and chorioamnionitis. She underwent emergent cesarean delivery under general anesthesia. Postoperatively, her condition worsened despite treatment for presumed sepsis. She was taken to the operating room for an exploratory laparotomy, and a splenectomy was performed for splenic rupture. We discuss management, risk factors, challenges, and importance of prompt treatment of PSR.
Genetic variation in GNB5 causes bradycardia by augmenting the cholinergic response via increased acetylcholine-activated potassium current (IK,ACh)
Authors: Veerman Christiaan C. , Mengarelli Isabella , Koopman Charlotte D. , Wilders Ronald , van Amersfoorth Shirley C. , Bakker Diane , Wolswinkel Rianne , Hababa Mariam , de Boer Teun P. , Guan Kaomei , Milnes James , Lodder Elisabeth M. , Bakkers Jeroen , Verkerk Arie O. , Bezzina Connie R.
Published: June 2019

Mutations in GNB5, encoding the G-protein β5 subunit (Gβ5), have recently been linked to a multisystem disorder that includes severe bradycardia. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying bradycardia caused by the recessive p.S81L Gβ5 variant. Using CRISPR/Cas9-based targeting, we generated an isogenic series of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines that were either wild type, heterozygous or homozygous for the GNB5 p.S81L variant. These were differentiated into cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) that robustly expressed the acetylcholine-activated potassium channel [I(KACh); also known as IK,ACh]. Baseline electrophysiological properties of the lines did not differ. Upon application of carbachol (CCh), homozygous p.S81L hiPSC-CMs displayed an increased acetylcholine-activated potassium current (IK,ACh) density and a more pronounced decrease of spontaneous activity as compared to wild-type and heterozygous p.S81L hiPSC-CMs, explaining the bradycardia in homozygous carriers. Application of the specific I(KACh) blocker XEN-R0703 resulted in near-complete reversal of the phenotype. Our results provide mechanistic insights and proof of principle for potential therapy in patients carrying GNB5 mutations.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Standardised imaging pipeline for phenotyping mouse laterality defects and associated heart malformations, at multiple scales and multiple stages
Authors: Desgrange Audrey , Lokmer Johanna , Marchiol Carmen , Houyel Lucile , Meilhac Sigolène M.
Published: June 2019

Laterality defects are developmental disorders resulting from aberrant left/right patterning. In the most severe cases, such as in heterotaxy, they are associated with complex malformations of the heart. Advances in understanding the underlying physiopathological mechanisms have been hindered by the lack of a standardised and exhaustive procedure in mouse models for phenotyping left/right asymmetries of all visceral organs. Here, we have developed a multimodality imaging pipeline, which combines non-invasive micro-ultrasound imaging, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM) to acquire 3D images at multiple stages of development and at multiple scales. On the basis of the position in the uterine horns, we track in a single individual, the progression of organ asymmetry, the situs of all visceral organs in the thoracic or abdominal environment, and the fine anatomical left/right asymmetries of cardiac segments. We provide reference anatomical images and organ reconstructions in the mouse, and discuss differences with humans. This standardised pipeline, which we validated in a mouse model of heterotaxy, offers a fast and easy-to-implement framework. The extensive 3D phenotyping of organ asymmetry in the mouse uses the clinical nomenclature for direct comparison with patient phenotypes. It is compatible with automated and quantitative image analyses, which is essential to compare mutant phenotypes with incomplete penetrance and to gain mechanistic insight into laterality defects.
Navigating the landscape of administrative data in Scotland
Authors: Iveson Matthew H. , Deary Ian J.
Published: June 2019

Background: There is growing interest in using routinely collected data for research purposes. Following the success of research using routinely collected healthcare data, attention has turned to leveraging administrative data derived from systems providing other services to the population (e.g., education, social security) to conduct research on important social problems. In Scotland, specialised organisations have been set up to support researchers in their pursuit of using and linking administrative data. The landscape of administrative data in Scotland, however, is complex and changeable, and is often difficult for researchers to navigate.

Purpose: This paper provides a researcher’s narrative of the steps required to gain the various approvals necessary to access and link administrative data for research in social and cognitive epidemiology.

Findings: This paper highlights the problems, particularly regarding the length and complexity of the process, which researchers typically face, and which result in a challenging research environment. The causes of these problems are discussed, as are potential solutions.

Conclusions: Whereas the potential of administrative data is great, more work and investment are needed on the part of all those concerned – from researchers to data controllers – in order to realise this potential.
Effects of Magnetic Field and Non-Uniform Basic Temperature Gradient
Authors: Pranesh S.
Published: June 2019

The effects of a non-uniform temperature gradient and magnetic field on the onset of convection in a horizontal layer of Boussinesq fluid with suspended particles confined between an upper free/adiabatic boundary and a lower rigid/isothermal boundary have been considered. A linear stability analysis is performed. The microrotation is assumed to vanish at the boundaries. The Galerkin technique is used to obtain the Eigen values. The influence of various parameters on the onset of convection has been analysed. Six different non-uniform temperature profiles are considered and their comparative influence on onset is discussed. It is observed that the electrically conducting fluid layer with suspended particles heated from below is more stable compared to the classical electrically conducting fluid without Suspended particles. The critical wave number is found to be insensitive to the changes in the parameters but sensitive to the changes in the Chandrasekhar number.
E-Learning? E-Learning?
Authors: Tharakan Thomas
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this article is to examine the meaning and implications of e-learning and to assist individuals and organizations, whether they are colleges or workplaces, with implementing e-learning. The author explains his board definition of e-learning, levels of e-learning and discusses benefits of e-learning- the revolutionary approach. The article contains information for leaders in education and training- instructional designers, developers, consultants, instructors and administrators.
ACID RAIN-AN INVISIBLE THREAT
Authors: Anthony P.U.
Published: June 2019

Acid Rain is defined as precipitation (rain) that has a pH lower than 5.6, which is the pH expected in distilled water exposed to the atmosphere. (pH is a measure ot the acidity or alkalinity of a water sample.) The pH Of precipitation undoubtedly is affected by a variety of natural sources of acidic and alkaline materials (e.g. volcanic gases, gases from decompoSng Organic matter and soil dust). However it has recently become apparent that rain and snow in certain regions of the earth are consistently more acidic than expected. The European Atmosphere Chemistry Net Work first recognized that the pH of precipitation was declining in Scandinavia during the late 1960's. Current data indicates that the mean annual pH in this region was 5.0 - 5.5 in the late 1950's which declined to 4.2 • 4.4 in the mid 1970's. In Eastern North America precipitation is now more acidic than in Scandinavia. The median pH for 1978 • 1979 ranged from 4.0 to 4.4 in North Eastern U.S. and South Eastem Canada. Although there is disagreement over the Source and nature Of acidic precipitation , the most widely accepted view is that the increased acidity is a result of the presence Of increased quantities Of sulphuric and nitric acids. These acids are believed to result from oxidation Of sulphur and nitrogen oxide gases. Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen are produced from combustion of fossil fuels, metal smelting and various industrial processes.
A Study on the Polarographic Behaviour of Cyclopentanone Oxime
Authors: Jerome Charmaine
Published: June 2019

A study on the polarographic behaviour of cyclopentanone oxime has been carried out to analyse the nature of the reduction process, to calculate the number of electrons and protons involved in the process, to find out how the half-wave potentials vary with concentration and pH, and to present a possible mechanism for the reduction process.
Effects of Magnetic Field and Non-uniform Basic Temperature Gradient on the Onset of Rayleigh-Benard Convection in a Micropolar Fluid
Authors: Pranesh S.
Published: June 2019

The effects of magnetic field and non-uniform basic temperature gradient on the onset of Rayleigh-Benard convection in an electrically conducting micro polar fluid are studied using the Garlerkin technique. The eigenvalue is obtained for free-free, rigid-free and rigid-rigid velocity boundary combinations with isothermal and adiabatic temperature conditions on the spin-vanishing boundaries. The eigenvalues are also obtained for lower rigid isothermal and upper free adiabatic boundaries with vanishing spin. A linear stability analysis is performed. The influence of various parameters on the onset of convection has been analysed. Six different non-uniform temperature profiles are considered and their comparative influence on onset is discussed. It is observed that the electrically conducting fluid layer with suspended particles heated from below is more stable compared to the classically electrically conducting fluid without suspended particles. The critical wave number is found to be insensitive to the changes in the parameters but sensitive to the changes in the Chandrasekhar number.
Biogeneric Products: An Introduction
Authors: Louis Ivy
Published: June 2019

Biogeneric Products: An Introduction
Highly Selective Derivative Spectrophotometric Determination of Vanadium(V) in Steels, Minerals and Soil Samples
Authors: Varghese Anitha , Khadar A. M. A.
Published: June 2019

A simple, selective and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of trace amounts of Vanadium(V) in acetic acid medium using a newly synthesized reagent acetoacetanilide salicyloylhydrazone (AASH). The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of the coloured species were found to be 1.20 x 104 L mol-1cm-1 and 4.2 ng cm-2 respectively. Beer's law is obeyed in the range 0.3 -3.0μ.g mL-1 of vanadium (V) at 405 nm. The stochiometry of the complex was found to be 1:1 (V (V): AASH). A highly selective first order derivative spectrophotometric method for the determination of vanadium is also reported. A calibration graph was derived by measuring first derivative amplitudes at 430 nm (trough depth). The metal ions which are normally associated with vanadium in minerals and alloys do not interfere. The developed procedure has been successfully applied for the trace level determination of vanadium in steels, minerals and soil samples.
Extraction of carbonyl, carboxyl functional groups and silicate minerals from coal and its characterization using infrared spectroscopy
Authors: B. Manoj , G. Kunjomana A. , A. Chandrasekharan K.
Published: June 2019

This paper reports the characterization ond demineralization of coal with HCL, Chloroform and water. The residual cool from each treatment was analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy to understand the effect of chemical leaching and water washing on the sample structure for aliphatic and aromatic CH bonds. Investigation of the mineral content in the sample and its change with above said treatment was also done. Absoptivities for aromatic CH bond stretching and out-of-plane bending modes were found to be independent of the structure. For structural analysis of cool, the structural independence of absoptivities for aromatic CH bonds allows o reliable assessment of aromatic hydrogen content in cools. Evaluation of aliphatic hydrogen content was greatly affected with the presence of chloroform extractable in the cool, which contain highly aliphatic material with a high absoptivities of aliphatic CH bonds, especially those in long methylene chains. The obsoptivities of heteroatom-rich fractions were lower than those of hydrocarbons and did not show any dependence on hydrogen aromaticity of the sample.
Global Warming - Its Causes & Effects
Authors: A. Nalinakashi M. , C. Nagaraja Rao , Sundareshan S.
Published: June 2019

One of the most current and widely discussed factors, which could lead to the ultimate end of existence of Earth and man, is global warming and its devastating effects. Scientists have asked how fast the Earth is heating up, and how the warming effects on Earth may affect crops and climatic conditions. Several current trends clearly demonstrate that global warming is directly impacting on; rising sea levels, the melting of icecaps, and significant worldwide climatic changes. This article will i) explains the degree of destruction caused by global warming; contributing factors to warming, and ii) discusses what we can do to prevent the rate of increase in global warming.
K-Shell Fluorescence Yield of Thorium Present in its Compound
Authors: Horakeri L. D. , Bubbly S. G. , Gudennavar S. B.
Published: June 2019

A simple method, proposed by us earlier, - 2π geometrical configuration coupled with the thickness criterion - to measure the Kshell X-ray fluorescence parameters is extended to high Z material- Thorium. The fluorescent X-rays are generated by a weak Co-57 radioactive source and detected by employing a NaI (Tl) detector spectrometer. Measured value is compared with the best fitted value produced by Hubbell et al. and with the experimental value of Balakrishna et al. We found good agreement with each other, thus establishing the applicability of our simple method for measuring fluorescence yield of high Z element.
Data Mining Approach in Preterm Birth Prediction
Authors: Thomas Jyothi , Kulanthaivel G.
Published: June 2019

Data mining refers to the process of discovering patterns in data, typically with the aid of powerful algorithms to automate part of the search. These methods come from the disciplines such as statistics, machine learning, pattern recognition, neural networks and database. In particular this paper reveals out how the problem of preterm birth prediction is approached by a data mining analyst with a background in machine learning. In the health field, data mining applications have been growing considerably as it can be used to directly derive patterns, which are relevant to forecast different risk groups among the patients. Data mining technique such as clustering has not been used to predict preterm birth. Hence this paper made an attempt to identify patterns from the database of the preterm birth patients using clustering.
Growth and Development of HIV Positive Children
Authors: Manoj Jyothi
Published: June 2019

The threat of HIV/AJDS is one of the major menace that mankind is facing today, with HIV/AIDS having mode a huge global impact permeate the social, cultural and economic fabric of all nations of the world. Antiretroviral treatment (ART) reduces both mortality and morbidity of HIV infection. The current study focuses on the analysis of the growth pattern of a control group of 35 HIV infected children. Semi longitudinal data on height and weight for a period of 96 weeks of 35 HIV infected children of the age group 4 to 17 years for 96 weeks was collected. A control group of 20 children were also brought under study. Among boys 2.9% has BMI between 12-14 indicating starvation and 2. 9% between 18-20 which is normal while 22.9% has BMI in the range 15-17 indicating underweight whereas among girls 8.5% has BMI between 12-14 indicating starvation and 14.3% between 18-20 which is normal while 42.9% has BMI in the range 15-17 indicating underweight. Clinical data and laboratory results show that 68.5% of them are healthy while the remaining suffers from problems like anemia, enlarged liver, bronchitis, scabies, skin fungus and TB. Z test elucidates that average BMI of the non infected children is significantly greater than that of infected children though both the groups are from the some socio-economic background. Children treated with ART shows significant improvement in their CD4 count. Analyzing the anthropometric data and clinical reports it is clear that the infection plays a crucial role in decelerating the growth the infected children. However treatment with ART gives them a better immunity than otherwise.
Split and Non-Split Dominator Chromatic Numbers and Related Parameters
Authors: Kavitha K , David N G , Selvi N.
Published: June 2019

A proper graph coloring is defined as coloring the nodes of a graph with the minimum number of colors without any two adjacent nodes having the same color.  Dominator coloring of G is a proper coloring in which every vertex of G dominates every vertex of at least one color class.  In this paper, new parameters, namely strong split and non-split dominator chromatic numbers and block, cycle, path non-split dominator chromatic numbers are introduced.  These parameters are obtained for different classes of graphs and also interesting results are established.
MHD and Thermal Dispersion-Radiation Effects on Non-Newtonian Fluid Saturated Non-Darcy Mixed Convective Flow with Melting Effect
Authors: Prasad B D C N , Hemalatha K , Siva Ram Prasad J
Published: June 2019

The problem of mixed convection along a vertical plate in a non-Newtonian fluid saturated non-Darcy porous medium in the presence of melting, thermal dispersion-radiation effects for aiding and opposing external flows is analyzed. Similarity solution for the governing equations is obtained for the flow equations in steady state. The equations are numerically solved by using Runge-kutta fourth order method coupled with shooting technique. The effects of melting (M), thermal dispersion (D)-radiation (R), inertia (F) and mixed convection (Ra/Pe) on velocity and temperature distributions are examined in the presence of magnetic parameter MH.
Effect of Boussinesq-Stokes Suspension over an Exponentially Stretching Sheet in a Hydromagnetic Flow
Authors: Manjunath S , Reddy L Venkata
Published: June 2019

The paper presents the study of velocity profiles in a hydromagnetic flow of Boussinesq-Stokes suspension over an exponentially stretching impermeable sheet. The basic equations governing the flow are in the form of partial differential equations. The equations have been transformed to nonlinear ordinary differential equation by applying a suitable local similarity transformation. The solution of the transformed equation is obtained by using differential transform method (DTM) with assistance from the Newton-Raphson method in obtaining the unknown initial values. The solution is obtained as a power series with assured convergence. The effects of local Chandrasekhar number and couple stress parameter on velocity profiles are studied. The findings of the study are represented graphically.
Sign-Compatibility of Some Derived Signed Graphs
Authors: Sinha Deepa , Dhama Ayushi
Published: June 2019

A signed graph (or sigraph in short) is an ordered pair S = (Su, σ), where Su is a graph G = (V, E), called the underlying graph of S and σ : E → {+1, −1} is a function from the edge set E of Su into the set {+1, −1}, called the signature of S. A sigraph S is sign-compatible if there exists a marking µ of its vertices such that the end vertices of every negative edge receive ‘−1’ marks in µ and no positive edge does so. In this paper, we characterize S such that its ×-line sigraphs, semi-total line sigraphs, semi-total point sigraphs and total sigraphs are sign-compatible.
Characterization of Super Strongly Perfect Graphs in Chordal and Strongly Chordal Graphs
Authors: Jeya Jothi R Mary , Amutha A
Published: June 2019

A Graph G is Super Strongly Perfect Graph if every induced sub graph H of G possesses a minimal dominating set that meets all the maximal complete sub graphs of H. In this paper, we have investigated the characterization of Super Strongly Perfect graphs using odd cycles. We have given the characterization of Super Strongly Perfect graphs in chordal and strongly chordal graphs. We have presented the results of Chordal graphs in terms of domination and co - domination numbers γ and . We have given the relationship between diameter, domination and co - domination numbers of chordal graphs. Also we have analysed the structure of Super Strongly Perfect Graph in Chordal graphs and Strongly Chordal graphs.
Skolem Difference Mean Graphs
Authors: Murugan K , Subramanian A
Published: June 2019

Skolem difference mean labelings of some predefined graphs are studied.
Analysis of Trace Elements in Bone by Radioisotope Induced EDXRF
Authors: Joseph Daisy , Kutty Sivan , Chaubey Ajay , Choudhury R K , Gajiwala Astrid Lobo , Samant Urmila , D’Lima Cynthia
Published: June 2019

In order to obtain a correlation of lead in bone and osteoporosis and other toxic related disease a study was carried out on bones. Femoral head bone samples obtained from osteoporosis patients were analyzed using Cd109 induced EDXRF consisting of a Si(Li) X-ray detector spectrometer coupled to a PC based Multichannel Analyzer. Besides other trace elements, calcium and strontium were predominantly seen in all samples. Lead was also detected.
Emden’s Polytropes: Gas Globes In Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Authors: Anandaram M N
Published: June 2019

The theory of polytropes dealing with the hydrostatic equilibrium structure of gas globes had its origin in Emden’s publication, Gaskugeln a century ago (1907). This review article has been written for students of physics and astrophysics not only to understand the theory of polytropes as the simplest of stellar models but also computationally solve the Lane-Emden equation for polytropes. Anyone can easily obtain values of normalized temperature, density, pressure and mass distribution as a function of the normalized radius or mass in any polytrope model in tabular form as well as in graphical form using the program code. Explanation of the algorithm to write a code is provided (python script on request). A graphical description of how the polytropic index determines the structure of the polytrope is also given.
Biodegradation of Phenolic Pollutants
Authors: Arvind Mahesh
Published: June 2019

Phenolic compounds are important constituents of petrochemical waste waters arising from transformation processes. Phenol together with substituted halophenols, nitrophenols and alkyl phenols are the main constituents. An Arthrobacter citreus spp. strain MSA - 2005 initially selected for growth at the expense of phenol as the sole source of carbon and energy, was enriched with phenolic    compounds    such    as    4-nitrophenol,    4- chlorophenol and 4-methyl phenol. Metabolization of these compounds upto their maximum levels in the mineral salt medium was studied. The complete metabolization    of 4-nitrophenol    upto    15mM,    4- chlorophenol up to 12mM and 4-methyl phenol upto 6mM against phenol upto 22mM was achieved in 24 hours. The metabolism of these compounds by the isolated strain occurred through the involvement of catechol derivatives as key intermediates which are further hydrolysed to hydroxy quinol which enters the β -keto adipate pathway. Results indicate that the cells contain mono and di- oxygenase enzymes necessary for these conversions. The degradation rates of these phenolic compounds, by agar immobilized cells has also been reported.
Biofilms: Formation, Properties, Impact on Industries, Strategies for Control
Authors: Chandan S V Kavitha Panicker
Published: June 2019

Microbes being one of the oldest inhabitants on the earth, have successfully survived the harsh environments by a number of survival strategies. One such strategy is the formation of a multicellular structure formed by the adherence of the microorganisms to a surface, known as biofilm. This structure is formed by first reversible and then irreversible linkages with the solid support. These are the porous structures with micro colonies, enclosed by exopolysaccharides and are connected by interstitial voids called water channels to promote the influx of nutrients, oxygen and other vital molecules and the efflux of metabolic wastes. Biofouling – formation of biofilms in an industrial setting has been a major problem in the wide range of industries with deleterious effects. The challenges brought about by biofilms in various sectors of the food industry, paper manufacturing and marine industries as well as other technological problems are discussed. Over the years several strategies are used targeting various stages and site of biofilm formation have been formulated to rid industries of biofilms once and for all. Though there exists no ‘perfect solution’ for complete biofilm eradication to date, some of the more recent and potential strategies will be discussed
A Note on the Estimation of the Age of a Galton-Watson Process
Authors: Nanjundan G.
Published: June 2019

This note discusses the estimation of the age of a Gaston-Waston branching process using an estimating equation. An asymptotic property of the derived estimator is established.
Electronic-Ionic Conductivity of Lithium- Vanado- Phosphate Glasses
Authors: B Eraiah
Published: June 2019

The new glassesof glass system x Li 2 O-50 V 2 O 5 -(50-x) P 2 O 5 were prepared by using conventional melt quenching method. The densities of these glasses have been measured by Archimedes method and corresponding molar volumes have also been calculated. The conductivity of these glasses was measured as a function of temperature and composition. The variations of conductivity versus temperature follow Arrehenius type relationship. Conductivity decreases with increasing Li 2 O content and increase with increasing temperature. The calculated activation energy decreases up to 15mol% of Li 2 O, it increases from 15mol% to 30 mol% of Li 2 O and again it suddenly drops at 40 mol% of Li 2 O. This may be due to structural changes in glass network and these glasses exhibit both electronic and ionic conductivity.
Minimum Breadth of a Graph
Authors: Tabitha Agnes M , Sudershan Reddy L
Published: June 2019

Breadth of a graph as the maximum of heights taken over all diametral paths is investigated in [3, 4], where height is taken by placing each diametral path on level y = 0 and placing uniquely the rest of the vertices on levels y = 1, 2…k keeping adjacency intact. A parameter minimum breadth is introduced as minimum of heights with respect to all diametral paths. A few results on minimum breadth in certain classes of graphs are presented. Also the bounds on number of vertices and edges for graphs of known diameter and minimum breadth are proposed.
Study of Electron Transfer between Amines and Biologically Active 4 - Aryloxymethylcoumarin
Authors: Raghavendra U P
Published: June 2019

Electron transfer from aliphatic and aromatic amines to biologically    active    4-aryloxymethyl    coumarin1-(4- iodophenoxymethyl)-benzo[ f ]coumarin (1IPMBC)    has been investigated in acetonitrile solvent. The variation of quenching rate parameter with reduction potential of amines indicates the electron transfer from amines to investigated      coumarin molecule.Experimentally determined values of quenching rate parameter k q are well correlated with the standard free energy changes ( ∆G 0 ) within the framework of Marcus electron transfer theory. In the investigatedsystems,solvent reorganization energy appears to play a major role in governing electron transfer dynamics.
Limnological studies on Different Ponds of Bihar, India: a Review
Authors: Das Sumona S , Sayantan D
Published: June 2019

Pure water is essential for human survival. The availability of good quality water is an indispensable feature for preventing diseases and improving the quality of life. So, it is necessary to know about the different physicochemical parameters of water such as, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solid (TSS), total dissolved substance (TDS),turbidity, pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, fluoride, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate and phosphate. Also Biological parameters such as planktons were examined. Results of the study indicated that the pond water of Bihar is slightly contaminated.
Seasonal Variation of Physicochemical Parameters and Fresh Water Algae in Pashan Lake
Authors: Zaware B. N. , Shinde M. M. , Pingle S. D.
Published: June 2019

Pashan lake is situated northwest to Pune railway station on NDA road. It is about 3 km from University of Pune Railway Station. The lake was screened for different physicochemical parameters of water and different form of algae during the year 2001-2002. Periodic collections have been made from selecting sampling points of the lake at an interval of a fortnight during January 2001-December 2002. The water samples have been collected in bottles and characterized for different physiochemical parameters the algal forms were observed preserved in 4% formalin and Lugol's solution for detail studies. The live as well as preserved forms were observed under phase contract microscope and identifies with the help of Philipose, Smith, Fritsch and Prescott. Individual algal form or colony was micro photographed in Department of Botany, University of Pune, Pune-411007. The result revealed that the water temperature varied from 16-36oC, where as pH ranged from 6.5 to 7.4 . A marked variation in total alkalinity was observed during summer season. The dissolved oxygen content was high during summer season Nitrate level varied from 1.02 2.532 mg /L. Lowest concentration of nitrate, phosphate, chloride, carbonate, sulphate, calcium and magnesium were recorded during the pre-monsoon seasons. The results on fresh water algae indicated that most of the algae forms were planktonic, free floating and epiphytic. The algae forms belong to different genera of Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae, Chrysophyceae and Euglenophyceae. The results on seasonal variations in algal forms revealed that the members of Cyanophyceae were abundant in monsoon while members of Chlorophyceae were increased during the post monsoon to winter season. On the other hand diatoms were found abundant throughout the year except in October-November. The result of the present investigation revealed that physicochemical parameters of lake water significantly influenced the algae vegetation.
Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Rameshkumar Karuna , Panchagnula Renuka
Published: June 2019

Of rapidly applied tests Or examination in an ap*rentb,' healthy individuor and this is fundamental aspect of Fyevention of disease. Thus the objective Of screening for is to reduce rate) and to improve the qualib,' Of life, Carcinoma Of the cervix is the most common cancer Of woman in India a the second most Common cancer of women throughout the world'. Approximately new cases develop each year many Of Which ore (see fable ) 2. Prevention Of this large number of cases and premature deaths is on urgent consideration. Cancer Of the cervix is considered o preventable condition as if is preceded by a pre•invasive curable stage known as dysplgsio\cervicol intraepithelial neoplasia This progresses slowly over a period Of O.
Astrometry: The Foundation for Observational Astronomy
Authors: Govind Amith , Choudhury Devarshi , Mathew Blesson , T Paul K
Published: June 2019

Astronomy has seen unprecedented growth in the past century, due to the rise in multiwavelength observations. The foundation for multiwavelength astronomy is given by Astrometry; the science of position and motion determination of celestial bodies. We present a technique of determining equatorial coordinates of celestial bodies from their pixel coordinates. We also present the subsequent results of using this technique in achieving the initial few steps required for the multiwavelength studies of young open clusters.
Gaia: Surveying Heavens
Authors: Sabu Nidhi , Francis Thomaskutty , Roy Arun , Kartha Sreeja S
Published: June 2019

In this paper we attempt to study an ongoing astrometry mission of the European Space Agency (ESA), named Gaia, whose aim is to make the largest and most precise three-dimensional map of our Galaxy. We present the scientific goals of Gaia and give a brief description of the spacecraft. We also present a preliminary analysis of comparing distance estimates of Be stars from the first Gaia data release, Gaia DR1, and Hipparcos mission. From our analysis, we confirm that Gaia stands out as a promising mission in terms of the distance measurements when compared to Hipparcos, particularly for distances greater than 1 kpc.
Dark Energy and Cosmological Constant
Authors: Rebecca Louise , Sivaram C , Arun Kenath
Published: June 2019

One of the unresolved problems in cosmology is that the measured mass density of the universe has revealed a value that was about 30% of the critical density. Since the universe is very nearly spatially flat, as is indicated by measurements of the cosmic microwave background, about 70% of the energy density of the universe was left unaccounted for. Another observation seems to be connected to this mystery. Generally one would expect the rate of expansion to slow down once the universe started expanding. The measurements of Type Ia supernovae have revealed that the expansion of the universe is actually accelerating. This accelerated expansion is attributed to the so-called dark energy (DE).Here we give a brief overview on the observational basis for DE hypothesis and how cosmological constant, initially proposed by Einstein to obtain a static universe, can play the role of dark energy.