bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Source of megaampere current with the rise time ∼100 ns on the basis of explosive magnetic generator
Authors: Bazanov A. A. , Bochkov E. I. , Garanin S. G. , Duday P. V. , Zimenkov A. A. , Ivanovskiy A. V. , Klimushkin K. N. , Komarov V. M. , Krayev A. I. , Kudel’kin V. B. , Mamyshev V. I. , Polyushko S. M. , Tsibikov Z. S. , Shapovalov E. V.
Published: December 2019

To achieve a thermonuclear ignition threshold in the scheme of indirect irradiation of Z‑pinch by X‑radiation, it is necessary to implode the liner by the current with the amplitude 65 МА for the time 100 ns. The currents with such parameters can be achieved with the use of super-power disk explosive magnetic generators and a two-stage current pulse sharpening system based on foil electrically exploded current opening switches in a form of a serpentine. The implementation of the explosive current source with a rise time of 100 ns is advisable to be carried out in stages by increasing the magnitude of current. The results of the first-stage experiments, in which the current with the amplitude of 5 MA was produced on the basis of the helical explosive magnetic generator in the load of 10 nH for the time of 110 ns, are presented.
Developing an index for measuring OGD publisher compliance to good practice standards: Insights from opendata.swiss
Authors: Marmier Auriane , Mettler Tobias
Published: December 2019

In many countries, public organisations are among the largest creators and gatherers of data. To increase economic growth, governments have therefore begun to liberate access to large parts of government data by developing open government data (OGD) initiatives. Since the emergence of OGD initiatives, many OGD portals have been launched. There is a common belief that sharing OGD throughout platforms would be sufficient to motivate companies to re-use data and improve economic growth. However, there is very little evidence about the quality of shared OGD. For companies to be able to re-use, share and create value from OGD, data publishers must meet certain good practice standards. Following a pragmatic research approach, in this paper we present an index that can be applied for the quality assessment of the published OGD on portals. On the basis of 17,777 published data resources gathered from the Swiss OGD portal (opendata.swiss), we demonstrate the logic of the index and discuss the key learnings we obtained from applying the index to this concrete case. We conclude that, in Switzerland, the adherence to good practice standards for publishing OGD is fairly low.
The Quebec Parkinson Network: A Researcher-Patient Matching Platform and Multimodal Biorepository
Authors: Gan-Or Ziv , Rao Trisha , Leveille Etienne , Degroot Clotilde , Chouinard Sylvain , Cicchetti Francesca , Dagher Alain , Das Samir , Desautels Alex , Drouin-Ouellet Janelle , Durcan Thomas , Gagnon Jean-François , Genge Angela , Karamchandani Jason , Lafontaine Anne-Louise , Sun Sonia Lai Wing , Langlois Mélanie , Levesque Martin , Melmed Calvin , Panisset Michel , Parent Martin , Poline Jean-Baptiste , Postuma Ronald B. , Pourcher Emmanuelle , Rouleau Guy A. , Sharp Madeleine , Monchi Oury , Dupré Nicolas , Fon Edward A.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Genetic, biologic and clinical data suggest that Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an umbrella for multiple disorders with clinical and pathological overlap, yet with different underlying mechanisms. To better understand these and to move towards neuroprotective treatment, we have established the Quebec Parkinson Network (QPN), an open-access patient registry, and data and bio-samples repository.

Objective:

To present the QPN and to perform preliminary analysis of the QPN data.

Methods:

A total of 1,070 consecutively recruited PD patients were included in the analysis. Demographic and clinical data were analyzed, including comparisons between males and females, PD patients with and without RBD, and stratified analyses comparing early and late-onset PD and different age groups.

Results:

QPN patients exhibit a male:female ratio of 1.8:1, an average age-at-onset of 58.6 years, an age-at-diagnosis of 60.4 years, and average disease duration of 8.9 years. REM-sleep behavior disorder (RBD) was more common among men, and RBD was associated with other motor and non-motor symptoms including dyskinesia, fluctuations, postural hypotension and hallucinations. Older patients had significantly higher rates of constipation and cognitive impairment, and longer disease duration was associated with higher rates of dyskinesia, fluctuations, freezing of gait, falls, hallucinations and cognitive impairment. Since QPN’s creation, over 60 studies and 30 publications have included patients and data from the QPN.

Conclusions:

The QPN cohort displays typical PD demographics and clinical features. These data are open-access upon application ( http://rpq-qpn.ca/en/ ), and will soon include genetic, imaging and bio-samples. We encourage clinicians and researchers to perform studies using these resources.
Caracterização epidemiológica dos óbitos no Brasil por macrorregião de 2016 a 2018
Authors: Melo Carolina Simas , Machado Daysane de Pinho , Santos Ianna Karla Pereira dos , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Fecury Amanda Alves
Published: December 2019

A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) recomenda que as estatísticas de mortalidade sejam apresentadas pela causa de base do óbito, que é definida como doença ou injúria que iniciou a cascata de eventos que levam diretamente à morte, ou as circunstâncias de acidente ou violência que produziram ferimentos fatais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar epidemiologicamente o perfil dos casos registrados dos óbitos por macrorregião no Brasil, além de comparar os achados entre as macrorregiões, considerando os aspectos regionais, culturais e econômicos. Para a pesquisa foram utilizados dados secundários coletados no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil (DATASUS), sobre causas de óbitos no período de 2016 a 2018. O total de casos de óbitos registrados no período do estudo foi de 1.488.868, com maior quantitativo na região Sudeste e o menor na região Norte. O sexo feminino apresentou número de óbitos maior que o masculino. Doenças do aparelho respiratório foram a principal causa e houve maior concentração de óbitos em indivíduos a partir de 60 anos de idade. Nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste os pardos foram os que mais morreram e, nas Regiões Sudeste e Sul, prevaleceram os brancos. Por meio do presente estudo, nota-se que o perfil da mortalidade brasileira tem sido modificado pela transição epidemiológica, apresentando quantitativos maiores nas Regiões mais desenvolvidas e associação com as DCNT, principalmente as doenças do aparelho respiratório. Além disso, é evidente a importância dos registros das informações sobre óbitos, da melhoria na coleta de dados e sistematização destes, com consequente melhor direcionamento e execução de políticas públicas brasileiras para prevenção e cuidados em saúde.
Symptom Perception From a Predictive Processing Perspective
Authors: Pezzulo Giovanni , Maisto Domenico , Barca Laura , Van den Bergh Omer
Published: December 2019

Bodily symptoms are highly prevalent in psychopathology, and in some specific disorders, such as somatic symptom disorder, they are a central feature. In general, the mechanisms underlying these symptoms are poorly understood. However, also in well-known physical diseases there seems to be a variable relationship between physiological dysfunction and self-reported symptoms challenging traditional assumptions of a biomedical disease model.

Recently, a new, predictive processing conceptualization of how the brain works has been used to understand this variable relationship. According to this predictive processing view, the experience of a symptom results from an integration of both interoceptive sensations as well as from predictions about these sensations from the brain.

In the present paper, we introduce the predictive processing perspective on perception (predictive coding) and action (active inference), and apply it to asthma in order to understand when and why asthma symptoms are sometimes strongly, moderately or weakly related to physiological disease parameters.

Our predictive processing view of symptom perception contributes to understanding under which conditions misperceptions and maladaptive action selection may arise.

There is a variable relationship between physiological dysfunction and self-reported symptoms.

We conceptualize symptom perception (and misperception) within a predictive processing perspective.

In this view, symptom perception integrates sensations and predictions about these sensations.

Failures of such integration can produce misperceptions and maladaptive action selection.

We use the perception (and misperception) of asthma symptoms as an example.

There is a variable relationship between physiological dysfunction and self-reported symptoms.

We conceptualize symptom perception (and misperception) within a predictive processing perspective.

In this view, symptom perception integrates sensations and predictions about these sensations.

Failures of such integration can produce misperceptions and maladaptive action selection.

We use the perception (and misperception) of asthma symptoms as an example.
Operación del sistema de autocontrol y gestión del riesgo de lavado de activos y financiación del terrorismo en empresas del sector comercial
Authors: Duque-Grisales Eduardo Alexander , Molina Flórez Jennifer , Ossa Núñez Nataly
Published: December 2019

El lavado de activos y la financiación del terrorismo (LA/FT) se consideran como una gran amenaza para la economía mundial ya que afectan los indicadores internos, la integridad de los mercados y definitivamente la globalización e intercambio comercial en condiciones transparentes y confiables. Tales afectaciones han sido consideradas por entes gubernamentales y entidades de carácter global que buscan a través de diversas normas combatir la inclusión de los recursos económicos de dichos fenómenos delictivos en la economía. Las empresas del sector comercial en Colombia no son ajenas a esta realidad y han venido experimentando un constante riesgo de inclusión de recursos procedentes de actividades ilícitas. Por lo anterior, resulta necesario y conveniente que estas empresas se protejan contra estos riesgos por medio de la implementación del Sistema de Autocontrol y Gestión del Riesgo de LA/FT – SAGRLAFT, definido por la Superintendencia de Sociedades, a través de los lineamientos impartidos en la Circular externa 100-000006 del 19 de agosto del 2016, Capítulo X. En este artículo se presenta un procedimiento resumido para que las empresas del sector comercial implementen medidas preventivas para dar frente al LA/FT. Con la implementación del SGRLAFT se reduce el riesgo de incurrir en sanciones legales, se evita la complicidad y corrupción con organizaciones criminales y/o ilegales y se mejora la reputación empresarial.
Desarrollo sostenible: compromiso de toda la sociedad
Authors: Alzate Luz Eugenia
Published: December 2019

Una invitación a la comunidad de investigación a estudiar y profundizar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, para que, desde las aulas, los semilleros y los grupos de investigación se involucre a los jóvenes a pensar un mundo mejor, provocando su interés por la investigación si queremos que se produzcan cambios profundos en la sociedad.
A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL NO DIREITO DE FAMÍLIA E ALIENAÇÃO PARENTAL
Authors: Da Conceição Vivia , Da Conceição Geovana , Régis Jonathan Cardoso
Published: December 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objeto o estudo do instituto da alienação parental e como objetivo verificar a possibilidade de responsabilização civil do genitor alienador pela prática da alienação parental. Buscou-se inicialmente fazer um apanhado do histórico sobre a família, sua origem, passando ainda pelo seu conceito. Em seguida, para uma melhor compreensão da matéria, estudou-se aspectos relacionados a alienação parental, sua definição doutrinária e legal, bem como a distinção com a síndrome da alienação parental e os efeitos dessa conduta promovidas pelo genitor alienante em relação aos filhos e ao genitor não guardião. Fez-se ainda uma abordagem sobre a responsabilidade civil resultante da alienação parental, seus reflexos quanto o dever de convivência parental. Para encerrar a pesquisa foi utilizado o método indutivo, o qual fora operacionalizado com as técnicas do referente, das categorias, dos conceitos operacionais e da pesquisa de fontes documentais, resultando em uma fonte de pesquisa para os operadores do Direito.
YEDİNCİ SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÇEŞİTLİ MESLEK GRUPLARI HAKKINDAKİ ALGILARININ KELİME İLİŞKİLENDİRME TESTİ (KİT) ARACILIĞIYLA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KARACA Ayten , YALÇINKAYA Elvan
Published: December 2019

Bu
araştırmanın amacı, meslekler konusuna yer vermiş Sosyal Bilgiler ders
kitaplarında adı geçen meslekler ve diğer bazı meslekler hakkında yedinci sınıf
öğrencilerinin algılarını ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada yöntem olarak nitel
araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilim (fenomenoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır.
Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında, Niğde ili
merkez ilçesinde bulunan 6 ortaokul ve merkez ilçeye bağlı 2 köy ortaokulu
olmak üzere toplam 8 devlet okulunda öğrenim gören yedinci sınıf öğrencileri
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak kelime ilişkilendirme
testi (KİT) kullanılmıştır. Teste anahtar kavram olarak verilen 10 meslek
yansıtılmıştır. Test, 8 okuldan 610 yedinci sınıf öğrencisine uygulanmıştır.
Verilerin çözümlenmesinde kelime ilişkilendirme testinde (KİT) belli kesme
noktası aralıklarıyla oluşmuş kavram ağları ve frekans-yüzde tabloları
kullanılmıştır. Analizlerin sonucunda öğrencilerin verilen meslekler hakkında
yeterli düzeyde bilgi biliyor oldukları görülmüştür. Verilen mesleklerle ilgili
kavram yanılgılarının olmadığı ve bunun yerini uzak ilişkilendirmelerin aldığı
görülmüştür. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, kendisi ile ilişkilendirilen
kavramlar arasında uzak ilişkilendirmeler bulunan mesleklere öncelik verilmesi,
çeşitli meslek grupları ile ilgili öğrencilerin bilgilendirilmesi, kitapların
bu konuyla zenginleştirilmesi ve mesleklerin tanıtımının arttırılması bu araştırmanın
önerileri olarak sunulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Meslek, Meslek Algısı, Sosyal Bilgiler, Kelime
İlişkilendirme Testi.
Crónica del Comité de Ministros del Consejo de Europa : (septiembre de 1998-enero de 1999)
Authors: Torres Ugena Nila
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: Introducción. I. Cuestiones políticas, países no miembros. II. derechos humanos. Problemas jurídicos y penales. V. Economía, agricultura y alimentación. V. cuestiones sociales y de sanidad. VI. Educación, ciencia, tecnología y cultura. VIL medio ambiente y administración local. VIH. Población, refugiados, formación profesional. LX. Cuestiones administrativas y reglas de procedimiento.
La historiografía española de la Edad Contemporánea
Authors: Cuenca Toribio José Manuel
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: I. El nacimiento de la historiografía contemporánea: la impronta liberal. II. una ocasión perdida: el fin de siglo o la frustración de una historiografía moderna. III. Los albores de un contemporaneísmo riguroso. IV. El contemporaneísmo durante la república y la guerra. V. EL franquismo: entre la cesura y la continuidad. VI. Los fundadores del contemporaneísmo español: Jaume Vicens Vives y Jesús Pabón y Suárez de Urbina. VIL Prosigue la cadena. Vicente Palacio Atard y Federico Suárez Verdeguer.
Crónica del Comité de Ministros del Consejo de Europa (Enero-abril, abril-junio, junio-septiembre de 1999)
Authors: Torres Ugena Nila
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: Introducción. I. Cuestiones políticas. Países no miembros. II. Derechos humanos. III. Cuestiones jurídicas y penales. IV. Economía, agricultura y alimentación. V. Cuestiones sociales y de sanidad. VI. Educación, ciencia, tecnología y cultura. VII. Medio ambiente y administración local. VIII. Población, refugiados, formación profesional.  IX. Cuestiones administrativas y reglas de procedimiento.
La historiografía española de la Edad Contemporánea : II parte
Authors: Cuenca Toribio José Manuel
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: Otro sólido eslabón. La acendrada aportación de José María Jover al contemporaneísmo. Carlos Seco Serrano o el contemporaneísmo de raíces humanistas. Miguel Artola Gallego: valor y significado de su contemporaneísmo. José Luis Comellas u otra visión de la contemporaneidad española. Nombres señeros de la posguerra: Díez del Corral, Fernández Almagro, Julio Caro Baroja... Intermezzo (breve) sobre el americanismo. Algo sobre el exilio. El contemporaneísmo en Cataluña: La obra renovadora de Josep Fontana. La obra de un out-sider: Manuel Tuñón de Lara. El acervo contemporaneísta de los historiadores académicos de otras materias. La contribución de la historia económica al contemporaneísmo: la obra de Jordi Nadal Oller. Caminos y encrucijadas de la historiografía contemporánea. Proa al porvenir.
Crítica de la llamada inconstitucionalidad por omisión
Authors: Ruiz Miguel Carlos
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: 1.Presupuestos conceptuales. A) La insuficiencia de la concepción judicialista del Derecho. B) La relatividad del valor jurídico de la Constitución. C) El carácter no monopólico de la defensa de la Constitución. D) La separación de poderes como dogma constitucional. E) El control de la actividad del legislador en el esquema de la separación de poderes.- 2. Las aporí as sustantivas del control de la inactividad del Legislador.- 3. Las aporías orgánico procedimentales del control de la inactividad del Legislador.- 4. Reflexiones finales - 5. Bibliografía.
Bentham, Jeremy: «Nomografía o el Arte de Redactar Leyes» (Recensión)
Authors: Fernández-Carnicero Claro José
Published: December 2019

Recensión de la obra: Bentham, Jeremy. Nomografía o el arte de redactar leyes. Edición y estudio preliminar de Virgilio Zapatero. Traducción de Cristina Pabón. BOE / Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales. Madrid 2000.
Calidad y renovación del concepto de Ley
Authors: Tudela Aranda José
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: I. Planteamiento: 1. Objeto de estas páginas. 2. Unas palabras sobre la relación entre la ley y el Parlamento. - II. Los presupuestos Clásicos de la Teoría de la Ley. La Ley en la Constitución Española: 1. La teoría clásica de la ley. La ley en el estado liberal. 2. La evolución de la ley. La ley en el Estado social. 3. La ley en la Constitución española. Algunos problemas no resueltos. III. UN ensayo de descripción del presente de la ley. 1. La dificultad de una tarea. 2. Un escenario diferente: las mutaciones políticas y sociales. 3. El presente jurídico de la ley. 4. La ley el Parlamento contemporáneo y su significado político. - IV. Distintas alternativas sobre la necesaria renovación del concepto de ley: 1. Explicación de la osadía. 2. El deber ser como presupuesto. 3. Una propuesta concreta. - V. conclusiones.
Yehezkel, Dror: «La capacidad de gobernar. Informe al Club de Roma» (Recensión)
Authors: Peirotén Peñaranda Elba
Published: December 2019

Recensión de la obra: Yehezkel Dror. La capacidad de gobernar. Informe al Club de Roma. Traducción de Carmen Aguilar. Galaxia Guttenberg y Círculo de Lectores. Barcelona. 1994. 443 páginas.
Crónica parlamentaria del tercer período de sesiones de la VII Legislatura en el Congreso de los Diputados (febrero-junio 2001)
Authors: Moreno Fernández-Santa Cruz Mónica
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: I. Introducción. - II. La función legislativa. - III. La función de control. - IV. Otras actividades.
La regionalización en Portugal
Authors: López Mira Álvaro Xosé
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: I. Introducción. - Capítulo I. Regionalización política y regionalización administrativa. Estado de la cuestión. 1. Planteamiento clásico. 2. Regiones y regionalismos finiseculares. - capítulo II. La organización territorial del estado en Portugal. 1. Breve historia. 2. La Constitución de 1976. 3. La experiencia de las Regiones Autónomas portuguesas. -Capítulo III. El largo camino hacia la regionalización administrativa. 1. Introducción. 2. Las regiones administrativas en el texto constitucional. 3. Legislación de desarrollo y reforma de la Constitución. 4. El Portugal continental. Propuestas de división. 5. La vertiente supraestatal de la regionalización portuguesa. Europa y Galicia. - capítulo IV. Después del referendo. Mutación constitucional popular. 1. Los resultados. 2. Interpretación y causas. 3. Las consecuencias. Bibliografía.
La costumbre en el ordenamiento jurídico. La integración de las lagunas legales
Authors: Montoro Ballesteros Alberto
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: I. Supuestos del problema. -1. Referencia a las dimensiones constitutivas del Derecho. - 2. Diferentes especies del Derecho positivo y proceso de su constitución. - 3. Compatibilidad entre costumbre y ley en cuanto especies del Derecho. - II. La recepción e integración de la costumbre en el Ordenamiento Jurídico. - 1. Fundamentación. - 2. Vías de recepción e integración. -3. Resultados. III. Funciones de la costumbre en el Ordenamiento Jurídico. - 1. Ámbito de validez de la costumbre y funciones normativas de la misma. - 2. La integración de las lagunas legales mediante la costumbre. Naturaleza del proceso.
El debate sobre la transformación del Senado en Italia. Hacia el Estado federal
Authors: Bonfiglio Salvatore
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: 1. Premisa. - 2. El debate durante los años de fundación de la república y la influencia de los modelos constitucionales extranjeros. - 3. El debate sobre la reforma del Senado tras la efectiva operatividad de las Regiones. - 4. ¿Quién se opone y por qué a la introducción de la Cámara de las Regiones? -5. ¿Hacia un «federalismo policéfalo»? - 6. El antimodelo: el caso austríaco. - 7. Consideraciones conclusivas: hipótesis de reforma.
IMPLIKASI AKTA PERNYATAAN NOTARIS TERHADAP PERALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH DALAM PROGRAM PENGAMPUNAN PAJAK (TAX AMNESTY)
Authors: Nurul Intan Sari Dalimunthe Siti , Rizal Lutfi Khoirul
Published: December 2019

Pemerintah mensahkan dan mengundangkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2016 tentang Pengampunan Pajak (Tax Amnesty) yang bertujuan meningkatkan penerimaan pajak negara untuk pembiayaan pembangunan. Pada Pasal 15 ayat 2 UU Tax Amnesty, Notarislah yang diberikan kewenangan membuat Surat Pernyataan yang dibuat dalam bentuk Akta Pernyataan oleh para pihak yang mengikuti program Tax Amnesty, dalam pengalihan hak atas tanah dan bangunan. Selama ini, dalam prakteknya, berdasarkan PP Pendaftaran Tanah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 dan PP Peraturan Jabatan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah Nomor 24 Tahun 2016, akta otentik yang berhubungan dengan pengalihan hak atas tanah dan bangunan dibuat oleh PPAT bukan Notaris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui Peran Notaris terhadap Peralihan hak atas tanah dalam Program Tax Amnesty dan (2) mengkaji implikasi Akta Pernyataan Notaris terhadap Peralihan Hak atas Tanah dalam Program Tax Amnesty. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Peran Notaris terhadap Peralihan hak atas tanah dalam Program Tax Amnesty adalah membantu para pihak dalam menuangkan perjanjian balik nama/pengalihan harta ke dalam bentuk akta otentik sampai melegalisasi dokumen-dokumen penting untuk keperluan Tax Amnesty. Akta Pernyataan yang dibuat oleh Notaris berimplikasi terhadap peralihan hak atas tanah dalam Program Pengampunan Pajak dengan memberikan kepastian hukum sebagai dasar balik nama sertifikat di BPN.
PERAN NEGARA DALAM PELAKSANAAN JAMINAN PRODUK HALAL
Authors: Hartati Ralang
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini meneliti mengenai pelaksanaan Pasal 4 UU No. 3 tahun 2014 tentang jaminan produk halal, yang hingga tahun 2019 belum efektif berlaku. Dalam UU No. 33 Tahun 2004 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal ini, belum diatur Sanksi hukum untuk pelaku usaha yang tidak mengajukan sertifikasi. Sehingga perlu dipertanyakan Bagaimana peran Negara dalam pelaksanaan Pasal 4 dan Bagaimana sanksi Pidana atas Pelanggaran Pelaksanaan Jaminan Produk halal. Jenis Penelitian adalah yuridis normative dan empiris, menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan yang  disertai dengan penelitian lapangan melalui wawancara kepada fihak yang berwenang di BPJPH dan membagi kuesioner kepada 60 responden muslim secara acak. Hasil penelitian dapat dijelaskan bahwa peran negara yang  menangani masalah Kehalalan suatu produk adalah lembaga MUI (Majelis Ulama Indonesia). Mulai Oktober 2017,Sejak diundangkannya UU. No. 33 Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal wewenang tersebut dialihkan kepada Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH). Sanksi Pidana bagi pelanggaran pasal 4, yang terdapat dalam  Pasal 56 dan Pasal 57 UU JPH,  hanya diberlakukan   terhadap pelaku orang perseorangan. Oleh itu, ketentuan atau norma pidana atas Jaminan Produk Halal, merupakan peraturan tentang hukuman akibat pelanggaran kewajiban moral hazard dari subjek hukum pribadi atau korporasi.
KEWENANGAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI SEBAGAI NEGATIVE LEGISLATOR DALAM PENGUJIAN UNDANG-UNDANG TERHADAP UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR 1945
Authors: Kurniawati Ika , Liany Lusy
Published: December 2019

Mahkamah Konstitusi merupakan lembaga kekuasaan kehakiman yang salah satu kewenangannya menguji Undang-Undang terhadap UUD 1945. Perkembangannya, akhir-akhir ini terdapat beberapa putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang menjadi pro-kontra baik terkait hak uji materiil maupun hak uji formil. Pada putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 1/PUU-XI/2013 yang amar putusannya mengubah isi Pasal 335 KUHP tentang perbuatan tidak menyenangkan menjadikan Mahkamah Konstitusi tidak dapat dipercaya lagi sebagai lembaga peradilan yang bersifat sebagai Negative Legislator. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan petimbangan pengusulan revisi terkait UU Mahkamah Konstitusi kepada Pemerintah dalam hal ini lembaga yang berwenang DPR dan Presiden serta Mahkamah Konstitusi terkait pengujian formil dan diharapkan kedepannya Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam hak uji materiil tetap berpedoman pada peraturan yang mengaturnya.
LEGALITAS PENGUASAAN HAK ASUH ANAK DIBAWAH UMUR (HADHANAH) KEPADA BAPAK PASCA PERCERAIAN
Authors: Islami Irfan , Sahara Aini
Published: December 2019

Salah satu akibat dari perceraian adalah penguasaan hak asuh anak kepada salah satu pasangan yang berpisah, yaitu baik kepada ibu (mantan isteri) atau kepada bapak (mantan suami). Tidak ada Undang-Undang yang mengatur secara tegas dan jelas mengenai kewajiban hak asuh anak diberikan kepada ibu kandung atau bapak kandung pasca terjadinya perceraian, satu-satunya aturan yang mengatur hal demikian terdapat pada Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) Pasal 105 dimana disebutkan bahwa penguasaan Hak Asuh Anak bagi anak dibawah umur 12 tahun diberikan kepada ibu kandung. Namun terkadang dalam kasus perceraian tidak sedikit sengketa penguasaan hak asuh anak dibawah umur diberikan kepada bapak kandung. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara normatif dengan menganalisis beberapa kasus yang ada mengenai legalitas penguasaaan hak asuh anak di bawah umur oleh bapak atau mantan suami pasca perceraian ditinjau dari hukum positif yang berlaku di Indonesia.
Learning Vocabularies Using Short Stories at Primary School: Students� Perception
Authors: Nazara Pitriani
Published: December 2019

Various studies have shown that using short stories in language teaching is very advantageous because it provides authentic material, cultural enrichment, language advancement, and personal growth. Among the various literary genres, a short story is one of the most appropriate to use in a language classroom. This study was conducted to investigate the perception of primary school students to develop vocabulary. Employed a mixed methods research design, quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 30 sixth graders at Global Sevilla Primary School Jakarta. The quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire, and the qualitative data was gathered through interviews. The data obtained were descriptively analyzed employing SPSS and Excel. The results showed that the students' perception towards the use of short story was positive. For them, short stories were interesting materials to use to develop vocabulary. Based on findings, short stories are recommended to use to develop students' vocabulary.
İzmir’de 2011-2018 Yılları Arasında Gerçekleştirilen Mezar Açma İşlemlerinin Hukuki ve Adli Antropolojik Esaslara Uygunluk Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DEMİRCİ YETİK Bahar , SAĞIR Mehmet
Published: December 2019

Gömülmüş bir cesedin postmortem muayene için mezardan çıkartılması işlemine “Mezar Açma” veya “Feth-i Kabir” denir. Türkiye’de mezar açma, ceza soruşturma veya kovuşturması sırasında sık uygulanmayan, oldukça önemli bir işlemdir. Bu işleme ihtiyaç duyulmasının nedenleri arasında; ölü muayenesi yapılmadan ve defin ruhsatı düzenlenmeden gömülme, şüpheli ölüm-zehirlenme ile hekim hatası-ihmal iddiaları sayılabilir. Bu çalışmayla İzmir’de 2011-2018 yılları arasında otopsisi yapılan ceza soruşturma ve kovuşturmalarına yönelik mezar açma işlemlerinin, hukuki ve adli antropolojik esaslara uygunluk açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Adli Tıp Kurumu İzmir Grup Başkanlığı Morg İhtisas Dairesi’nce otopsileri yapılan olguların mezar açma tutanakları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmamızda 42 erkek (%63,6) ve 24 kadın (%36,4) olmak üzere 66 olgu yer almaktadır.Postmortem süre ortalama 364,93 gün olarak hesaplanmıştır. Mezar açma nedenlerinde en yüksek oran % 45,5 ile (n=30) “ölü muayenesi-otopsi yapılmadan ve defin ruhsatı düzenlenmeden gömülme”dir. 4 (%6,1) olguda cesetlerin tamamen iskeletleştiği tespit edilmiştir. Mezar açma işlemlerinde, cesetlerin çıkartılması ve gerekli delillerin toplanması bir ekip işidir. Her olgunun kendine has özellikleri olmakla birlikte, hepsinde ortak bazı prensiplerin uygulanması ve ihtiyaç durumuna göre farklı alanlarda uzman kişilerin bilgi ve tecrübelerinden faydalanılması gerektiği, özellikle iskelet incelemelerinde adli antropoloji uzmanının görüş, öneri ve katkılarının yapılan incelemeye büyük değer katacağı düşüncesindeyiz.
Can Sounds Narrate? Prosody in Sound Poetry Performance
Authors: Mildorf Jarmila
Published: December 2019

Audionarratology posits, among other things, that sound (including voices, noise and silence) contributes significantly to narrative world-making. This point is explored in this article by looking at three oral performances of a Dada sound poem: Hugo Ball's ‘Karawane’ (1916). While the actual verbal material is nonsensical in that the ‘words’ used do not exist in any language, the performances trigger associations of storyworlds purely by means of the sonic qualities given to the text. This suggests that, even though sound alone may not be enough to create narrative worlds that can easily be accessed without further explanation, they at least have the potential to facilitate narrativisation in listeners' minds. Human voices are shown to play a special role therein.
Who Will Defend Democracy? Evaluating Tradeoffs in Candidate Support Among Partisan Donors and Voters
Authors: Nyhan Brendan , Helmke Gretchen , Sanders Mitchell , Clayton Katherine , Carey John , Stokes Susan
Published: December 2019

Scholars and pundits fear that the American public's commitment to democracy is declining and that citizens are willing to embrace candidates who would trample democratic principles. We examine whether violations of those principles generate resistance from both voters and top campaign donors and whether such resistance extends across partisan lines. In a conjoint survey experiment, we investigate how regular citizens and donor elites trade off partisanship, policy positions, and support for democratic values when choosing between hypothetical political candidates. Our findings indicate that both citizens and donors punish candidates who endorse violations of democratic principles irrespective of party. However, we find partisan polarization (especially among donors) in the effects of candidates supporting voter identification laws that threaten access to the franchise. These results suggest that the public and donors may sometimes be willing to forgive transgressions against democratic norms that align with their partisan and policy preferences.
Comparison of Exterior Coatings Applied to Oak Wood as a Function of Natural and Artificial Weathering Exposure
Authors: Oberhofnerová Eliška , Šimůnková Kristýna , Dvořák Ondřej , Štěrbová Irena , Hiziroglu Salim , Šedivka Přemysl , Pánek Miloš
Published: December 2019

Artificial weathering can significantly reduce the testing time needed for proving coating durability, nevertheless its reliability is still not thoroughly proven. In this study, eight different transparent and pigmented coating systems, namely oil, acrylate, alkyd and urethane alkyd were evaluated through natural and artificial weathering tests on oak samples by measuring colour, gloss and surface wettability and by macroscopic and microscopic evaluation. The oil coatings performed well in wood colour stability evaluations, while the best gloss and wettability change results were noted for acrylate coatings. Pigmented coatings were characterized by significantly lower colour changes than transparent ones. The gloss and wettability changes were more sensitive to coating disruption than to total colour changes of coated wood associated with chemical changes in wood. The findings in this work showed that values of gloss changes and surface wettability for all types of coatings exposed to artificial and natural weathering resulted in significant differences from each other. The data obtained by artificial weathering method provide basic results of coatings durability and, ideally, natural weathering should be performed at the same time to support the results from laboratory tests by exposing wood under real conditions.
A Novel Approach to Support Failure Mode, Effects, and Criticality Analysis Based on Complex Networks
Authors: Wang Lixiang , Dai Wei , Luo Guixiu , Zhao Yu
Published: December 2019

Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) is a method which involves quantitative failure analysis. It systematically examines potential failure modes in a system, as well as the components of the system, to determine the impact of a failure. In addition, it is one of the most powerful techniques used for risk assessment and maintenance management. However, various drawbacks are inherent to the classical FMECA method, especially in ranking failure modes. This paper proposes a novel approach that uses complex networks theory to support FMECA. Firstly, the failure modes and their causes and effects are defined as nodes, and according to the logical relationship between failure modes, and their causes and effects, a weighted graph is established. Secondly, we use complex network theory to analyze the weighted graph, and the entropy centrality approach is applied to identify influential nodes. Finally, a real-world case is presented to illustrate and verify the proposed method.
Progress in Carnot and Chambadal Modeling of Thermomechanical Engine by Considering Entropy Production and Heat Transfer Entropy
Authors: Feidt Michel , Costea Monica
Published: December 2019

Nowadays the importance of thermomechanical engines is recognized worldwide. Since the industrial revolution, physicists and engineers have sought to maximize the efficiency of these machines, but also the mechanical energy or the power output of the engine, as we have recently found. The optimization procedure applied in many works in the literature focuses on considering new objective functions including economic and environmental criteria (i.e., ECOP ecological coefficient of performance). The debate here is oriented more towards fundamental aspects. It is known that the maximum of the power output is not obtained under the same conditions as the maximum of efficiency. This is shown, among other things, by the so-called nice radical that accounts for efficiency at maximum power, most often for the endoreversible configuration. We propose here to enrich the model and the debate by emphasizing the fundamental role of the heat transfer entropy together with the production of entropy, accounting for the external or internal irreversibilities of the converter. This original modeling to our knowledge, leads to new and more general results that are reported here. The main consequences of the approach are emphasized, and new limits of the efficiency at maximum energy or power output are obtained.
Assessing the Energy and Indoor Air Quality Performance for a Three-Story Building Using an Integrated Model, Part One: The Need for Integration
Authors: Heibati Seyedmohammadreza , Maref Wahid , Saber Hamed H.
Published: December 2019

In building applications, there is a dynamic interaction/coupling between the energy performance and the indoor air quality (IAQ) performance. Previously, the performance of energy consumption (EC) and IAQ has been evaluated independently. In this study, an energy performance model (EnergyPlus) and IAQ performance model (CONTAM: contaminant transport analysis) were simultaneously coupled as a new integrated simulation model in which the control variables were exchanged between the two models. Two scenarios were provided in this study for a three-story house. The first scenario addressed the effect of airtightness only. The second scenario, however, addressed the airtightness with an exhaust fan with an upgraded filter. In order to better analyze the accuracy of the simulations, the performance of the energy and IAQ were simulated independently using the EnergyPlus model and CONTAM model. Thereafter, the performance of the energy and IAQ were simulated using the present integrated simulation model. All simulations were conducted for the climatic conditions of Montreal and Miami. The results of the integrated simulation model showed that the exchange of control variables between both EnergyPlus and CONTAM produced accurate results for the performance of both energy and IAQ. Finally, the necessity of using the present integrated simulation model is discussed.
Power to Hydrogen Through Polygeneration Systems Based on Solid Oxide Cell Systems
Authors: Rokni Marvin M.
Published: December 2019

This study presents the design and analysis of a novel plant based on reversible solid oxide cells driven by wind turbines and integrated with district heating, absorption chillers and water distillation. The main goal is produce hydrogen from excess electricity generated by the wind turbines. The proposed design recovers the waste heat to generate cooling, freshwater and heating. The different plant designs proposed here make it possible to alter the production depending on the demand. Further, the study uses solar energy to generate steam and regulate the heat production for the district heating. The study shows that the plant is able to produce hydrogen at a rate of about 2200 kg/day and the hydrogen production efficiency of the plant reaches about 39%. The total plant efficiency (energy efficiency) will be close to 47% when heat, cool and freshwater are accounted for. Neglecting the heat input through solar energy to the system, then hydrogen production efficiency will be about 74% and the total plant efficiency will be about 100%. In addition, the study analyses the plant performance versus wind velocity in terms of heating, cooling and freshwater generation.
A Never-Ending Learning Method for Fault Diagnostics in Energy Systems Operating in Evolving Environments
Authors: Termite Maria Rosaria , Baraldi Piero , Al-Dahidi Sameer , Bellani Luca , Compare Michele , Zio Enrico
Published: December 2019

Condition monitoring (CM) in the energy industry is limited by the lack of pre-classified data about the normal and/or abnormal plant states and the continuous evolution of its operational conditions. The objective is to develop a CM model able to: (1) Detect abnormal conditions and classify the type of anomaly; (2) recognize novel plant behaviors; (3) select representative examples of the novel classes for labeling by an expert; (4) automatically update the CM model. A CM model based on the never-ending learning paradigm is developed. It develops a dictionary containing labeled prototypical subsequences of signal values representing normal conditions and anomalies, which is continuously updated by using a dendrogram to identify groups of similar subsequences of novel classes and to select those subsequences to be labelled by an expert. A 1-nearest neighbor classifier is trained to online detect abnormal conditions and classify their types. The proposed CM model is applied to a synthetic case study and a real case study concerning the monitoring of the tank pressure of an aero derivative gas turbine lube oil system. The CM model provides satisfactory performances in terms of classification accuracy, while remarkably reducing the expert efforts for data labeling and model (periodic) updating.
RNA-seq Analysis of Salt-Stressed Versus Non Salt-Stressed Transcriptomes of Chenopodium quinoa Landrace R49
Authors: Ruiz Karina B. , Maldonado Jonathan , Biondi Stefania , Silva Herman
Published: December 2019

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a model halophytic crop species, was used to shed light on salt tolerance mechanisms at the transcriptomic level. An RNA-sequencing analysis of genotype R49 at an early vegetative stage was performed by Illumina paired-ends method comparing high salinity and control conditions in a time-course pot experiment. Genome-wide transcriptional salt-induced changes and expression profiling of relevant salt-responsive genes in plants treated or not with 300 mM NaCl were analyzed after 1 h and 5 days. We obtained up to 49 million pairs of short reads with an average length of 101 bp, identifying a total of 2416 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the treatment and time of sampling. In salt-treated vs. control plants, the total number of up-regulated and down-regulated genes was 945 and 1471, respectively. The number of DEGs was higher at 5 days than at 1 h after salt treatment, as reflected in the number of transcription factors, which increased with time. We report a strong transcriptional reprogramming of genes involved in biological processes like oxidation-reduction, response to stress and response to abscisic acid (ABA), and cell wall organization. Transcript analyses by real-time RT- qPCR supported the RNA-seq results and shed light on the contribution of roots and shoots to the overall transcriptional response. In addition, it revealed a time-dependent response in the expression of the analyzed DEGs, including a quick (within 1 h) response for some genes, suggesting a “stress-anticipatory preparedness” in this highly salt-tolerant genotype.
Genetic and Epigenetic Modulation of Cell Functions by Physical Exercise
Authors: Di Liegro Italia
Published: December 2019

Since ancient times, the importance of physical activity (PA) and of a wholesome diet for human health has been clearly recognized. However, only recently, it has been acknowledged that PA can reverse at least some of the unwanted effects of a sedentary lifestyle, contributing to the treatment of pathologies such as hypertension and diabetes, to the delay of aging and neurodegeneration, and even to the improvement of immunity and cognitive processes. At the same time, the cellular and molecular bases of these effects are beginning to be uncovered. The original research articles and reviews published in this Special Issue on “Genetic and Epigenetic Modulation of Cell Functions by Physical Exercise” focus on different aspects of the genetics and molecular biology of PA effects on health and, in addition, on the effects of different genotypes on the ability to perform PA. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Real-Time Quantitative PCR Analysis of the Expression Pattern of the Hypoglycemic Polypeptide-P Gene in Momordica charantia
Authors: Wang Yi-Shuai , Zeng Xiang-Qing , Yang Xu-Zhong , Liu Wei , Li Peng-Fei , Wang Fu-Jun , Zhao Jian
Published: December 2019

This study was designed to establish a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method to rapidly and reliably analyze the hypoglycemic polypeptide-P gene expression pattern in Momordica charantia (MC) and to examine its expression changes in different MC accessions, harvesting seasons, and tissue types. The qPCR results were further verified by using Western blotting (WB). A total of 10 MCs with different accessions were collected and tested in this study. Among the tested accessions, RU5H showed the highest expression level of the polypeptide-P gene. The expression level of the polypeptide-P gene was not only season-related (with the highest in early July) but also tissue-related (with the highest in the seed tissue). In addition, the expression characteristic of the polypeptide-P gene was maturity-related, with the highest expression level in the tender MC. The WB results show that the transcription level of this gene shows an almost similar trend to the corresponding protein expression level. In conclusion, the established qPCR method can rapidly and effectively detect the expression levels of the polypeptide-P gene in MCs with different accessions; furthermore, various factors, including the accessions, harvesting seasons, and tissue types can affect the expression level.
Guidance for Genuine Collaboration: Insights from Academic, Tribal, and Community Partner Interviews on a New Research Partnership
Authors: Stampfer Orly , Mittelstaedt Gillian , Vásquez Victoria Breckwich , Karr Catherine J.
Published: December 2019

As community engaged research (CEnR) increases in popularity and recognition, specific guidance on partnership approaches that are more likely to lead to community benefits is needed. Here, we describe a qualitative interview study aimed at better understanding community and academic perspectives on elements of genuine collaboration within a project’s new community–academic partnership. This partnership involved a large, public, urban university, a tribal nation government program, a small, rural, community-based university, and a local high school working together to develop CEnR on air quality. Interview questions were formulated from a literature review examining the relationships between trust, cultural relevance, and community involvement in research with partnership processes, roles, and strengths. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals from the community–academic partnership: six University of Washington research team members and six community partners. Guidance for an authentic collaborative partnership supported by interview analyses includes incorporating elements of partnership and project sustainability from the earliest phases and throughout; promoting funding mechanism responsiveness to relationship building and community partner involvement in budget decision-making; acknowledging community strengths, knowledge, and expertise and applying them; establishing roles that reflect community partner capacity building goals; and recognizing community diversity and dynamics to promote representation.