bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Matching, not merging: how change agents deal with multiple organisation concepts
Authors: Berg Christopher , Benders Jos , Ingvaldsen Jonas A.
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Organisation concepts consist of prescriptive ideas concerning how to manage or organise. The simultaneous use of multiple concepts in an organisation may create synergies but also confusion and conflicts. This paper aims to explore how change agents deal with the simultaneous use of multiple organisation concepts within a single organisation.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative case study of a Norwegian energy company using lean, agile and design thinking.

Findings

The findings show that change agents compare the concepts with each other and recognise commonalities and differences. They also match individual concepts and tools to the nature of tasks, the different phases of projects/initiatives based on their perceived maturity or internal communities. Most agents emphasise similarities between concepts and complementarities between tools. This approach creates a versatile toolbox for improvement.

Practical implications

Companies making use of multiple organisation concepts should continuously discuss and actively manage the tensions that exist between concepts while establishing a unified approach and common culture for improvement.

Originality/value

This study offers a novel understanding of how change agents make sense of different approaches to improvement within a single organisation.
Analysis of dynamic characteristics of liquid-lubricated mechanical face seals with inclined elliptical grooves
Authors: Fuyu Liu , Bo Yu , Yongfan Li , Baojie Ren , Muming Hao , Zhentao Li , Xiaozu Li
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamic characteristics of mechanical face seals with liquid-lubricated inclined elliptical grooves.

Design/methodology/approach

The steady-state and perturbation Reynolds control equations of liquid films were established. The film pressure and the liquid film dynamic coefficients were obtained, impacts of groove structures on the liquid film dynamic characteristic coefficients were analyzed.

Findings

The analysis results indicate that the axial dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of the liquid film seal with inclined elliptical grooves are far greater than those of the angular directions. Furthermore, the dynamic stiffness coefficient of the liquid film with the nonclosed inclined elliptical grooves is higher than those with the closed grooves, whereas the dynamic damping coefficient of the liquid film is lower.

Originality/value

The effects of inclined elliptical groove structures on the dynamic characteristics of the liquid film seal are investigated. The results presented are expected to enrich the theoretical basis of optimizing the dynamic performance of liquid film seals with textures.
Managing the tradition and innovation paradox of the agribusiness industry: the impact of the network on operating, financial and social performance
Authors: Rey Andrea , Landi Giovanni Catello , Agliata Francesco , Cardi Mavie
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The paper aims to investigate the role of the network in managing the tradition and innovation paradox in the agribusiness industry. In particular, this study aims to demonstrate that agribusiness firms can innovate through tradition by joining a network, to capture the way intellectual capital (IC) is created, shared and transformed.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors approached the study using the social capital conceptual framework, considering the network a critical determinant of social capital, which enhances the organization's ability to share, create and utilize knowledge. Then, the authors also employed the extended territorial strategy theory. The authors derived empirical evidence from companies belonging to the PGI-labeled Consortium of Pasta di Gragnano (Consortium). The authors used a quantitative approach, carrying out a panel data analysis.

Findings

The results suggested that belonging to Consortium had a positive impact on the operating performance, the financial performance and the environment where consortium firms operate. Thus, being part of a network helps firms to innovate in a traditional industry.

Research limitations/implications

The evidence of this work provided several implications for managers, IC community and the policy public. For managers, the authors observed that agribusiness firms can preserve their traditions through knowledge sharing with firms that operate in the same network. For IC community, the authors contributed to the debate on the social capital theory, arguing that the one area of IC that has received significant attention is the role of the network, which enhances the organization's ability to generate, share and apply knowledge effectively (Lin, 2017; Solitander and Tidström, 2010). Finally, the authors argued that policymakers should implement new reforms that facilitate the formation of networks, especially in socio-economic contexts where the unemployment rate is high.

Originality/value

This is the first study that employs quantitative analysis to investigate this paradox.
Genome‐wide CRISPR screening reveals key genes and pathways associated with 20‐hydroxyecdysone signal transduction in the silkworm (Bombyx mori)
Authors: Sun Hao , Chen Jingya , Wang Ruolin , Liu Dan , Zhang Na , Zhang Tong , Jia Ling , Ma Sanyuan , Xia Qingyou
Published: June 2023

Metamorphosis is a complex developmental process involving multiple pathways and a large number of genes that are regulated by juvenile hormone (JH) and 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E). Despite important progress in understanding various aspects of silkworm biology, the hormone signaling pathway in the silkworm remains poorly understood. Genome‐wide screening using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9)‐based libraries has recently emerged as a novel method for analyzing genome function, enabling further research into essential genes, drug targets, and virus–host interaction. Previously, we constructed a genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9‐based library of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) and successfully revealed the genes involved in biotic or abiotic stress factor responses. In this study, we used our silkworm CRISPR library and large‐scale genome‐wide screening to analyze the key genes in the silkworm 20E signaling pathway and their mechanisms of action. Functional annotation showed that 20E regulates key proteins in processes that mainly occur in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that 20E can activate phosphorylation and may affect innate immunity, interfere with intracellular nutrition and energy metabolism, and eventually cause cell apoptosis. The screening results were experimentally validated by generating cells with knockout alleles of the relevant genes, which had increased tolerance to 20E. Our findings provide a panoramic overview of signaling in response to 20E in the silkworm, underscoring the utility of genome‐wide CRISPR mutant libraries in deciphering hormone signaling pathways and the mechanisms that regulate metamorphosis in insects.
System management and compensatory parenting: Educational involvement after maternal incarceration
Authors: Branigan Amelia R. , Ellis Rachel , Jacobsen Wade C. , Haskins Anna R.
Published: June 2023

Research has demonstrated that paternal incarceration is associated with lower levels of educational involvement among fathers and primary caregivers, but little is known regarding caregiver educational involvement when mothers have been incarcerated. In this study, we present the first analysis of variation in school‐ and home‐based educational involvement by maternal incarceration history, pairing survey and interview data to connect macro‐level group differences with micro‐level narratives of mothers’ involvement in their children's education. Our survey data demonstrate that children of ever‐incarcerated mothers experience increased school‐based educational involvement by their primary caregivers, regardless of whether the caregiver is the mother herself. Our interview data point to compensatory parenting as a key motivating factor in educational involvement, wherein a caregiver endeavors to “make up for” the child's history of maternal incarceration. Findings add to the literature demonstrating maternal incarceration as a distinct experience from both paternal incarceration and material disadvantage alone, and they suggest the need to explore the role of schools as potential points of productive institutional involvement for mothers with an incarceration history.
Fungal plasma biomarkers in patients admitted for inpatient treatment of alcohol use disorder
Authors: Fuster Daniel , Llorente Cristina , Garcia‐Calvo Xavier , Bolao Ferran , Zuluaga Paola , Hernández‐Rubio Anna , Casado‐Carbajo Julia , Leis Alba , Muga Robert
Published: June 2023

Background

Fungal plasma biomarkers have not been studied in patients with unhealthy alcohol use and no apparent end‐stage liver disease.

Methods

We examined the prevalence of fungal plasma biomarkers, assessed by the presence of anti‐Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA; IgA and IgM), and its disease correlates in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). We performed logistic regression analyses to detect the association between clinical and laboratory characteristics and the presence of fungal plasma biomarkers.

Results

We included 395 patients (75.9% male, median age of 49 years, and median body mass index of 25.6) who drank a median of 150 g of alcohol daily and had a median duration of AUD of 20 years. ASCA IgA and IgG were present in 34.4% and 14.9%, respectively, and 9.9% had both ASCA IgA and ASCA IgG. The presence of ASCA IgA was associated with male sex (p < 0.01); values of serum aspartate transferase (AST) (p = 0.02), gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) (p < 0.01), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p < 0.01), and bilirubin in the highest quartile (p < 0.01); Fibrosis‐4 Index (FIB‐4) values suggestive of advanced liver fibrosis (p < 0.01); and values of the macrophage activation factors sCD163 (p < 0.01) and sCD14 (p < 0.01), the cytokine IL‐6 (p = 0.01), and lipopolysaccharide‐binding protein in the highest quartile (p < 0.01). The presence of ASCA IgG was associated with omeprazole use (p = 0.04); values of AST (p = 0.04) and GGT (p = 0.04) in the highest quartile; FIB‐4 values suggestive of advanced liver fibrosis (p < 0.01); and values of sCD163 (p < 0.01) in the highest quartile. The variables associated with the presence of both ASCA IgA and IgG were male sex (p = 0.04) and values of GGT (p = 0.04) and sCD163 in the highest quartile (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

In AUD patients, the presence of fungal biomarkers in plasma was common and associated with FIB‐4 values suggestive of advanced liver fibrosis and with markers of liver damage, monocyte activation, and microbial translocation, male gender, and omeprazole use. These findings suggest that the presence of plasma anti‐Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies could be used as a biomarker for an elevated risk of progressive liver disease in patients with AUD.
2001: An artificial heart odyssey
Authors: Samuels Louis E.
Published: June 2023

The quest to replace the natural heart with an artificial one as a permanent system is among the remaining holy grails in medicine and surgery. Beginning in 1969, when the first total artificial heart (TAH) was implanted into a human, to the present, several types have been developed—the AbioCor was among them. On November 5th, 2001, our team at Hahnemann University Hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania placed the world's fifth AbioCor. Excerpts of that moment in time were recorded and serve as a memorial to the past and a testimony to the present and future quest of this elusive holy grail.
Term‐born infants with a perinatal stroke frequently had seizures and were prescribed anti‐seizure medication at discharge
Authors: Barsch Bergqvist Alice , Simatou Eleni , Skiöld Beatrice , Mitha Ayoub , Bolk Jenny
Published: June 2023

Aim

We investigated the prevalence of seizures in term‐born infants with a perinatal stroke in Swedish neonatal wards, assessed the anti‐seizure medication prescribed and determined the accuracy of diagnostic codes.

Methods

This cross‐sectional study used data from the Swedish Neonatal Quality Register. The cases were infants born at ≥37 weeks in 2009–2018 and admitted to a neonatal ward in Stockholm County with a stroke diagnosis, confirmed by their medical chart. The controls were all Swedish infants born during those years.

Results

There were 76 infants with a confirmed perinatal stroke: 51 ischaemic and 25 haemorrhagic. Seizures were documented in 66/76 (87%) of infants with a stroke and 0.2% of the controls. Anti‐seizure medication was administered to 64/66 (97%) infants with a stroke and seizures. In 60 cases, the drugs administered were specified, with phenobarbital used in 59/60 cases (98%). More than one drug was administered to 25/60 (42%) infants and 31/60 (52%) were discharged with anti‐seizure medication. The positive predictive value for the stroke diagnostic codes was 80.5% (95% CI 76.5–84.5).

Conclusion

Seizures were common in infants with a perinatal stroke. More than one anti‐seizure drug was often required and many infants were on anti‐seizure medication at discharge, against Swedish recommendations.
Second stage duration and delivery outcomes among women laboring after cesarean with no prior vaginal delivery
Authors: Levin Gabriel , Tsur Abraham , Tenenbaum Lee , Mor Nizan , Zamir Michal , Meyer Raanan
Published: June 2023

Background

We aimed to evaluate the association of the duration of the second stage with labor after cesarean (LAC) success and other outcomes among women with one prior cesarean delivery (CD) and no prior vaginal births.

Methods

All women undergoing LAC that reached the second stage of labor from March 2011 to March 2020 were included in this retrospective cohort study. The primary outcome was the mode of delivery by second stage duration. The secondary outcomes included adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. We allocated the study cohort into five groups of second stage duration. Further analysis compared <3 to ≥3 h of second stage based on prior studies. LAC success rates were compared. Composite maternal outcome was defined as the presence of uterine rupture/dehiscence, postpartum hemorrhage, or intrapartum/postpartum fever.

Results

One thousand three hundred ninety seven deliveries were included. Vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) rates decreased as the second stage length time interval increased: 96.4% at <1 h, 94.9% at 1 to <2 h, 94.6% at 2 to <3 h, 92.1% at 3 to <4 h and 79.5% at ≥4 h (p < 0.001). Operative vaginal and CDs were significantly more likely as second stage duration time interval increased (p < 0.001). The composite maternal outcome was comparable among groups (p = 0.226). When comparing the outcomes of deliveries at <3 h versus ≥3 h, the composite maternal outcome and neonatal seizure rates were lower in the <3 h group (p = 0.041 and p = 0.047, respectively).

Conclusion

Vaginal birth after cesarean rates decreased as second stage time interval length increased. Even with prolonged second stage, VBAC rates remained relatively high. Increased risk of composite adverse maternal outcomes and neonatal seizures were observed when the second stage lasted 3 h or more.
Experts' perspectives on how to promote implicit and explicit motor learning in children: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: van der Veer Ingrid P. A. , Bastiaenen Caroline H. G. , Rameckers Eugene A. A. , Klingels Katrijn
Published: June 2023

Background

Little is known about how motor learning strategies (MLSs) can promote implicit and explicit motor learning processes. This study aimed to explore experts' perspectives on therapists' use of MLSs to promote specific learning processes in children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD).

Methods

In this mixed‐methods study, two consecutive digital questionnaires were used to ascertain the opinions of international experts. Questionnaire 2 explored the findings of Questionnaire 1 in greater depth. In order to reach a certain level of agreement about the classification of MLSs as promoting either (more) implicit or (more) explicit motor learning, 5‐point Likert scales were used in addition to open‐ended questions. The open‐ended questions were analysed with a conventional analysis approach. Open coding was performed by two reviewers independently. Categories and themes were discussed within the research team, taking both questionnaires as one dataset.

Results

Twenty‐nine experts from nine different countries with different backgrounds in research, education and/or clinical care completed the questionnaires. The results of the Likert scales showed large variation. Two themes emerged from the qualitative analyses: (1) Experts found it difficult to classify MLSs as promoting either implicit or explicit motor learning, and (2) experts stressed the need for clinical decisionmaking when choosing MLSs.

Conclusions

Insufficient insight was gained into how MLSs could promote (more) implicit or (more) explicit motor learning in children in general and in children with DCD specifically. But this study demonstrated the importance of clinical decisionmaking to model and adapt MLSs to child, task and environment, with therapists' knowledge of MLSs being an important prerequisite. Research is needed to better understand the various learning mechanisms of children and how MLSs can be used to manipulate these mechanisms.
Belief Decay or Persistence? A Mixed‐method Study on Belief Movement Over Time
Authors: Gupta Shrey , Karduni Alireza , Wall Emily
Published: June 2023

When individuals encounter new information (data), that information is incorporated with their existing beliefs (prior) to form a new belief (posterior) in a process referred to as belief updating. While most studies on rational belief updating in visual data analysis elicit beliefs immediately after data is shown, we posit that there may be critical movement in an individual's beliefs when elicited immediately after data is shown v. after a temporal delay (e.g., due to forgetfulness or weak incorporation of the data). Our paper investigates the hypothesis that posterior beliefs elicited after a time interval will “decay” back towards the prior beliefs compared to the posterior beliefs elicited immediately after new data is presented. In this study, we recruit 101 participants to complete three tasks where beliefs are elicited immediately after seeing new data and again after a brief distractor task. We conduct (1) a quantitative analysis of the results to understand if there are any systematic differences in beliefs elicited immediately after seeing new data or after a distractor task and (2) a qualitative analysis of participants' reflections on the reasons for their belief update. While we find no statistically significant global trends across the participants beliefs elicited immediately v. after the delay, the qualitative analysis provides rich insight into the reasons for an individual's belief movement across 9 prototypical scenarios, which includes (i) decay of beliefs as a result of either forgetting the information shown or strongly held prior beliefs, (ii) strengthening of confidence in updated beliefs by positively integrating the new data and (iii) maintaining a consistently updated belief over time, among others. These results can guide subsequent experiments to disambiguate when and by what mechanism new data is truly incorporated into one's belief system.
Human–Computer Collaboration for Visual Analytics: an Agent‐based Framework
Authors: Monadjemi Shayan , Guo Mengtian , Gotz David , Garnett Roman , Ottley Alvitta
Published: June 2023

The visual analytics community has long aimed to understand users better and assist them in their analytic endeavors. As a result, numerous conceptual models of visual analytics aim to formalize common workflows, techniques, and goals leveraged by analysts. While many of the existing approaches are rich in detail, they each are specific to a particular aspect of the visual analytic process. Furthermore, with an ever‐expanding array of novel artificial intelligence techniques and advances in visual analytic settings, existing conceptual models may not provide enough expressivity to bridge the two fields. In this work, we propose an agent‐based conceptual model for the visual analytic process by drawing parallels from the artificial intelligence literature. We present three examples from the visual analytics literature as case studies and examine them in detail using our framework. Our simple yet robust framework unifies the visual analytic pipeline to enable researchers and practitioners to reason about scenarios that are becoming increasingly prominent in the field, namely mixed‐initiative, guided, and collaborative analysis. Furthermore, it will allow us to characterize analysts, visual analytic settings, and guidance from the lenses of human agents, environments, and artificial agents, respectively.
Teru Teru Bōzu: Defensive Raincloud Plots
Authors: Correll Michael
Published: June 2023

Univariate visualizations like histograms, rug plots, or box plots provide concise visual summaries of distributions. However, each individual visualization may fail to robustly distinguish important features of a distribution, or provide sufficient information for all of the relevant tasks involved in summarizing univariate data. One solution is to juxtapose or superimpose multiple univariate visualizations in the same chart, as in Allen et al.'s [APW*19] “raincloud plots.” In this paper I examine the design space of raincloud plots, and, through a series of simulation studies, explore designs where the component visualizations mutually “defend” against situations where important distribution features are missed or trivial features are given undue prominence. I suggest a class of “defensive” raincloud plot designs that provide good mutual coverage for surfacing distributional features of interest.
DASS Good: Explainable Data Mining of Spatial Cohort Data
Authors: Wentzel A. , Floricel C. , Canahuate G. , Naser M.A. , Mohamed A.S. , Fuller CD. , van Dijk L. , Marai G.E.
Published: June 2023

Developing applicable clinical machine learning models is a difficult task when the data includes spatial information, for example, radiation dose distributions across adjacent organs at risk. We describe the co‐design of a modeling system, DASS, to support the hybrid human‐machine development and validation of predictive models for estimating long‐term toxicities related to radiotherapy doses in head and neck cancer patients. Developed in collaboration with domain experts in oncology and data mining, DASS incorporates human‐in‐the‐loop visual steering, spatial data, and explainable AI to augment domain knowledge with automatic data mining. We demonstrate DASS with the development of two practical clinical stratification models and report feedback from domain experts. Finally, we describe the design lessons learned from this collaborative experience.
A suggested universal protocol for dental examination in sports
Authors: Stamos Athanasios , Engels‐Deutsch Marc , Cantamessa Sophie , Dartevelle Jean‐Luc , Crouzette Thierry , Haughey John , Grosso Flavia Del , Avgerinos Stavros , Fritsch Tilman , Nanussi Alessandro , Trombowsky Florian , Striegel Markus , Salyzyn Mike , Whitehead Jim , Stasiuk Hans , Canal Emilio , Amy Enrique , Roettger Mark , Rahiotis Christos
Published: June 2023

The athletes of any sport and level submit their bodies to constant exercise. Any given pathology can increase the risk of injury, illness, or even reduced performance. The medical examination is valuable in diagnosing existing health problems and preventing medical issues that might compromise the athlete's overall health when exercising. The stomatognathic system is not an exemption, as oral pathologies, including dental caries and periodontal diseases, are found in high incidence in sports. The need for accurate and detailed dental examination in sports leaded dentists from the European Association for Sports Dentistry and the Academy for Sports Dentistry to elaborate a universal dental examination in sports protocol that can record the overall oral health of the athlete, including the teeth, periodontium, and musculoskeletal screening, for all athletes. The outcome of this stomatognathic examination allows sports physicians and professionals other than dentists to have a complete image of the individual oral health condition of any given athlete, and it allows the dentists to efficiently screen and prevent pathologies, as well as to advise on the eligibility to practice sports from the oral health perspective.
Description of the herbivore and natural enemy community associated with the seeds of an invasive plant in Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Tamires Camila Talamonte , Brandão‐Dias Pedro Ferreira Pinto , Egan Scott Patrick , Morales‐Silva Tiago , Zaldívar‐Riverón Alejandro , da Silva Victor Hugo Duarte , Oliveira Gabriella Melo , Faria Lucas Del Bianco
Published: June 2023

Studies have shown that fruits of plants from the Fabaceae family harbour a diverse community of herbivorous insects and their natural enemies. Despite this observation, we still lack information on the specific interactions within these multi‐trophic communities. Herein, we describe the food web of insects associated with fruits and seeds of Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae), an invasive plant in Brazil, and their relationship with plant traits including seed biomass.

We found 17 species of insects distributed across three trophic levels. The main herbivore species sampled was Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae), which was responsible for most of the seed predation and associated with the highest parasitoid biodiversity (N = 10 species). Four other herbivorous species were lower in abundance, including a previously unreported Lepidopteran species with two parasitoids and one hyperparasitoid associated with it.

Seeds with more mass promoted an increase in insect abundance, insect species richness, and the number of links and connectivity. We observed two native parasitoid species, Paracrias pluteus and Stenocorse suldamericanos, shift from herbivores on native plants to herbivores on the invasive L. leucocephala, consistent with a potential host shift. However, more investigation is required to ascertain the effects of recent shifts of native insect communities (on native plants) to non‐native ones and their consequences on plant fitness. Our study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of communities and food webs in unknown systems, specifically in fruits of an invasive plant, and provides information about the influence of different plant traits on these communities.
Ressentiment and power: On Reginster's The Will to Nothingness
Authors: Jay Wallace R.
Published: June 2023

A critical discussion of Bernard Reginster's book The Will to Nothingness. The contribution engages with Reginster's interpretation of Nietzschean ressentiment, arguing that it is an essentially interpersonal attitude in two different senses. It is a response to a social situation of structural deprivation, and it involves an element of antagonism toward those who are better off within this social structure. The contribution then discusses Reginster's claim that modern morality restores the sense of power of the masses by adjusting the goals that they aim to pursue. I argue that this interesting interpretation does not do full justice to the themes of hostility or hatred that permeate the Genealogy of Morals, extending from Nietzsche's discussion of the slave revolt to his treatments of the bad conscience and of ascetic ideals.
Replies to Wallace, Queloz, and Kirwin
Authors: Reginster Bernard
Published: June 2023

In this article, I reply to the comments offered by R. Jay Wallace, Matthieu Queloz, and Claire Kirwin on my book, The Will to Nothingness. An Essay on Nietzsche's Genealogy of Morality (OUP, 2021). These comments and my replies cover central features of the book, including my analysis of ressentiment as an expression of the will to power; the concept of self‐undermining functionality I introduce to make sense of Nietzsche's critique of the ascetic ideal; and my reasons for omitting to examine the “unconditional will to truth,” which he presents as the latest embodiment of this ideal.
Treatment of hemiplegic migraine with anti‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide monoclonal antibodies: A case series in a tertiary‐care headache center
Authors: Danno Daisuke , Ishizaki Kumiko , Kikui Shoji , Takeshima Takao
Published: June 2023

Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a subtype of migraine with aura that includes motor weakness; such headaches can be excruciating. The presence of not only headache but also aura symptoms of HM increase the burden on patients, and the treatment of HM is sometimes challenging. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) pathway are novel migraine preventive treatments that have shown promising efficacy in patients with migraine; however, there have been no reports regarding their efficacy in HM to date. Six patients with HM were treated with galcanezumab in a tertiary‐care headache center. After 3 months of treatment, the number of monthly days with headache of at least moderate severity was reduced in three patients. The number of days each month with weakness was also reduced in four patients. Furthermore, the Patient's Global Impression of Change and change in Migraine Disability Assessment total score, were improved in five of the six patients after the treatment; however, the change from baseline in days with bothersome symptoms did not show any specific trends in our patients. Notably, no adverse events were reported during the treatments. The mechanism underlying the improvement in aura symptoms in our patients is not clear; however, we speculate that a small amount of CGRP mAbs have a direct mode of action in the central nervous system; alternatively, blocking the CGRP pathway in the periphery may secondarily inhibit cortical spreading depression. While prudence must be practiced, galcanezumab was still generally effective in HM and well tolerated. Further prospective clinical studies will more clearly elucidate the effects of CGRP mAbs in patients with HM.
Utilising the potential of job postings for auditing learning outcomes and improving graduates' chances on the labour market
Authors: Piróg Danuta , Hibszer Adam
Published: June 2023

The objective of the paper was to outline the possibility of utilising information from online job postings and text‐mining analyses to identify mismatches and gaps between learning outcomes prepared by universities, and the knowledge and skills that employers need. The study uses job advertisement contents and learning outcomes documents from universities. We analysed both data sets using word importance classification, cluster analysis and hierarchical clustering. Word importance classification presented the mismatches in a quantitative and diagram format. Cluster analysis and hierarchical clustering provided information on how to correct the detected gaps and mismatches. The study empirically corroborates that the method we put forward for analysing both sources (LOs and job ads) helps identify and assess the significance of gaps and mismatches in the approaches to knowledge and skills adopted by universities and employers. Consequently, the method can be helpful during the auditing process and while implementing market‐oriented curriculum changes.
Meaningful engagement through critical reflexivity: Engaging people with lived experience in continuing mental health professional development
Authors: Harris Holly , Clarkin Chantalle , Rovet Jordana , Crawford Allison , Johnson Andrew , Kirvan Anne , Gruszecki Sam , Wang Stephanie , Soklaridis Sophie
Published: June 2023

Engaging people with lived experience of mental health system encounters in the design and actualization of continuing professional development initiatives for mental health professionals can have transformative systemic impacts. Yet, despite evidence that involving people with lived experience benefits mental health professional education, far less focus has been placed on how to engage people with lived experience in continuing professional development initiatives. Tensions persist regarding the role of lived experience perspectives in continuing professional development, as well as how to establish people with lived experience as partners, educators and leaders in a thoughtful way. We propose that meaningful and equitable partnerships with people with lived experience can be realized by engaging in critical reflexivity and by systematically challenging assumptions. This paper explores three topics: (1) the current state of engagement with people with lived experience in continuing professional development initiatives; (2) barriers to meaningful engagement and (3) recommendations for using critical reflexivity to support the involvement and leadership of people with lived experience in continuing professional development for mental health professionals.

Patient or Public Involvement

This viewpoint manuscript was co‐designed and co‐written by people with diverse lived and learned experiences. Each author's professional roles involve meaningfully and equitably partnering with and centring the perspectives of those with lived experience of mental health system encounters. In addition, approximately half of the authorship team identifies as having lived experience of accessing the psychiatric system and/or supporting family members who are navigating challenges related to mental health. These lived and learned experiences informed the conception and writing of this article.
Five dimensions of cleansing: A holistic view on the facets and importance of skin cleansing
Authors: Blaak Jürgen , Grabmann Svenja , Simon Isabel , Callaghan Theresa , Staib Peter
Published: June 2023

Cleansing is an important human ritual practised for hygiene, well‐being and relaxation over centuries. As part of body care it is often taken for granted, yet its relevance cannot be underestimated. Although cleansing the skin may seem trivial to some, it is accepted, that this fundamental function of skin cleansing products is highly complex, diverse and crucial for a variety of reasons in the personal, public, healthcare and dermatological settings. Employing a comprehensive and strategic approach in viewing cleansing and its rituals, supports innovation, understanding and development. Apart from being a fundamental function, as far as we know, there is no comprehensive presentation of skin cleansing with all its effects besides ‘removing dirt’. To our knowledge, comprehensive analyses on the multi‐dimensional facets of skin cleansing are either rare or not published. Against this background, we examine the importance of cleansing in terms of function, relevance and concepts. First, the key functions and efficacies of skin cleansing were investigated by literature research. Based on this survey, the functions were analysed, sorted and merged and a novel approach to skin cleansing ‘dimensions’ was developed. Herewith, we took into consideration the evolution of skin cleansing in terms of concept evolution, complexity and testing methods for cleansing products and their claims. Several multi‐dimensional functions of skin cleansing were identified and then established into five skin cleansing dimensions, namely: hygienic and medical importance; socio‐cultural and interpersonal relevance; mood, emotion and well‐being; cosmetic and aesthetic function; corneobiological interactions. It became obvious, that these five dimensions with their corresponding 11 sub‐dimensions, are influenced by each other throughout history by culture and society, technical progress, scientific knowledge and consumer trends. This article presents the enormous complexity of skin cleansing. Skin cleansing has evolved from basic care up to a highly complex and diverse cosmetic product category in terms of technology, efficacy and usage routine(s). In view of future challenges, such as the effects of climate and associated lifestyle changes, the development of skin cleansing will remain an exciting and important topic and thus will finally, again, further increase the complexity of skin cleansing itself.
The erectile and ejaculatory implications of the surgical management of rectal cancer
Authors: Ghomeshi Armin , Zizzo John , Reddy Raghuram , White Joshua , Swayze Aden , Swain Sanjaya , Ramasamy Ranjith
Published: June 2023

Colorectal cancer is a significant cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Although advances in surgical technology and technique have decreased mortality rates, surviving patients often experience sexual dysfunction as a common complication. The development of the lower anterior resection has greatly decreased the use of the radical abdominoperineal resection surgery, but even the less radical surgery can result in sexual dysfunction, including erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction. Improving the knowledge of the underlying causes of sexual dysfunction in this context and developing effective strategies for preventing and treating these adverse effects are essential to improving the quality of life for postoperative rectal cancer patients. This article aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction in postoperative rectal cancer patients, including their pathophysiology and time course and strategies for prevention and treatment.
Clinical effect of stem cell transplantation combined with 308‐nm excimer laser therapy for 56 cases of vitiligo
Authors: Liu Jingwei , Chen Qingqing
Published: June 2023

Objective

To probe the clinical effect of stem cell transplantation in combination with 308‐nm excimer laser therapy for vitiligo and to analyze its value in clinical application.

Methods

A total of 56 patients with stable non‐segmental vitiligo in different parts who were not cured by other therapies visiting our hospital from March 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled as study subjects. They were treated by stem cell transplantation combined with 308‐nm excimer laser therapy. The treatment efficacy was observed and analyzed.

Results

Among the 56 patients, 38 (67.85%) and 49 (87.5%) patients were cured at 6 and 12 months after treatment, respectively.

Conclusion

Stem cell transplantation combined with 308‐nm excimer laser therapy for vitiligo achieves significant efficacy, with the cure rate far superior to that of other therapies for vitiligo. The therapy is worthy of popularization in the clinic.
Questionnaire survey regarding current status of minimally invasive surgery for endometrial cancer in Japan: A cross‐sectional survey for JSGOE members
Authors: Toyoshima Masafumi , Kobayashi Eiji , Terai Yoshito , Yamashita Tsuyoshi , Terao Yasuhisa , Nomura Hiroyuki , Asada Hironori , Hoshiba Tsutomu , Mikami Mikio , Mandai Masaki , Wada‐Hiraike Osamu , Akira Shigeo , Osuga Yutaka , Fujii Takuma ,   The Committee for Gynecologic Oncology Surgery, Japan Society of Gynecologic and Obstetric Endoscopy and Minimally Invasive Therapy (JSGOE)
Published: June 2023

Aim

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has been introduced as an alternative to more radical surgical procedures. The Japan Society of Gynecologic and Obstetric Endoscopy and Minimally Invasive Therapy conducted a cross‐sectional questionnaire survey to ascertain the status of MIS for endometrial cancer.

Methods

The survey was conducted between May 10 and June 30, 2022. The questionnaire included information on personal attributes, academic affiliations, qualifications, hysterectomies, and intraoperative procedures performed.

Results

The total number of questionnaire respondents was 436 (9.2% of the membership). The hysterectomy methods and percentage performed were as follows: simple total hysterectomy (equivalent to benign surgery), 3%; simple total hysterectomy with care to avoid shaving the cervix, 31%; extended total hysterectomy, 48%; and modified radical hysterectomy, 15%. An analysis of hysterectomies performed using MIS for endometrial cancer by qualified gynecologists of endoscopy or board‐certified gynecologic oncologists showed a tendency not to choose simple total hysterectomy compared to the gynecologists who did not hold certification (p = 0.019, p = 0.045, and p = 0.010, respectively). Additionally, 67% of respondents did not use uterine manipulators, and 59% of the respondents did not perform lymph node dissection following the guidelines for treating endometrial cancer in Japan.

Conclusion

This study provided the current status of MIS for endometrial cancer in Japan. The hysterectomy method, use of uterine manipulators, and criteria for omitting lymph node dissection were generally in agreement with the guidelines. Currently, an extra‐fascial simple hysterectomy, including at least not shaving the cervix, was a major method for early invasive endometrial cancer using MIS.
Rickettsial pathogens drive microbiota assembly in Hyalomma marginatum and Rhipicephalus bursa ticks
Authors: Maitre Apolline , Wu‐Chuang Alejandra , Mateos‐Hernández Lourdes , Piloto‐Sardiñas Elianne , Foucault‐Simonin Angélique , Cicculli Vincent , Moutailler Sara , Paoli Jean‐Christophe , Falchi Alessandra , Obregón Dasiel , Cabezas‐Cruz Alejandro
Published: June 2023

Most tick‐borne pathogens (TBPs) are secondarily acquired by ticks during feeding on infected hosts, which imposes ‘priority effect’ constraints, as arrival order influences the establishment of new species in a microbial community. Here we tested whether once acquired, TBPs contribute to bacterial microbiota functioning by increasing community stability. For this, we used Hyalomma marginatum and Rhipicephalus bursa ticks collected from cattle in different locations of Corsica and combined 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and co‐occurrence network analysis, with high‐throughput pathogen detection, and in silico removal of nodes to test for impact of rickettsial pathogens on network properties. Despite its low centrality, Rickettsia showed preferential connections in the networks, notably with a keystone taxon in H. marginatum, suggesting facilitation of Rickettsia colonisation by the keystone taxon. In addition, conserved patterns of community assembly in both tick species were affected by Rickettsia removal, suggesting that privileged connections of Rickettsia in the networks make this taxon a driver of community assembly. However, Rickettsia removal had minor impact on the conserved ‘core bacterial microbiota’ of H. marginatum and R. bursa. Interestingly, networks of the two tick species with Rickettsia have similar node centrality distribution, a property that is lost after Rickettsia removal, suggesting that this taxon drives specific hierarchical interactions between bacterial microbes in the microbiota. The study indicates that tick‐borne Rickettsia play a significant role in the tick bacterial microbiota, despite their low centrality. These bacteria are influential and contribute to the conservation of the ‘core bacterial microbiota’ while also promoting community stability.
Macrogenetics reveals multifaceted influences of environmental variation on vertebrate population genetic diversity across the Americas
Authors: Lawrence Elizabeth R. , Pedersen Eric J. , Fraser Dylan J.
Published: June 2023

The broad scale distribution of population‐specific genetic diversity (GDP) across taxa remains understudied relative to species diversity gradients, despite its relevance for systematic conservation planning. We used nuclear DNA data collected from 3678 vertebrate populations across the Americas to assess the role of environmental and spatial variables in structuring the distribution of GDP, a key component of adaptive potential in the face of environmental change. We specifically assessed non‐linear trends for a metric of GDP, expected heterozygosity (HE), and found more evidence for spatial hotspots and cold spots in HE rather than a strict pattern with latitude. We also detected inconsistent relationships between HE and environmental variables, where only 11 of 30 environmental comparisons among taxa groups were statistically significant at the .05 level, and the shape of significant trends differed substantially across vertebrate groups. Only one of six taxonomic groups, freshwater fishes, consistently showed significant relationships between HE and most (four of five) environmental variables. The remaining groups had statistically significant relationships for either two (amphibians, reptiles), one (birds, mammals), or no variables (anadromous fishes). Our study highlights gaps in the theoretical foundation upon which macrogenetic predictions have been made thus far in the literature, as well as the nuances for assessing broad patterns in GDP among vertebrate groups. Overall, our results suggest a disconnect between patterns of species and genetic diversity, and underscores that large‐scale factors affecting genetic diversity may not be the same factors as those shaping taxonomic diversity. Thus, careful spatial and taxonomic‐specific considerations are needed for applying macrogenetics to conservation planning.
Ecological traits of the franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) from the Late Pleistocene to the present days based on stable isotope analysis
Authors: Carrasco Thayara S. , de Lima Renan C. , da Mota Gabriel S. , Botta Silvina , Secchi Eduardo R. , Ribeiro Ana Maria , Ferigolo Jorge , Buchmann Francisco S.
Published: June 2023

Late Pleistocene fossils from southern Brazil provide a unique opportunity to study the diet and habitat use of the extant franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) prior to human influence. Here, we subject 19 fossil and 21 contemporary specimens to stable carbon and oxygen isotope analysis (after first ruling out diagenesis via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). The two groups differ in their isotopic composition (PERMANOVA, p < .01), with fossils yielding more disparate δ13C values and recent samples more disparate δ18O values. Their isotopic niches show an overlap of ~20%, with that of the fossils being slightly wider (SEAc = 2.25‰2 versus 1.84‰2). We attribute these differences to impoverished modern fish communities and temporal changes in freshwater influx.
Decline of seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) production over two decades in the face of warming of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Litsi‐Mizan Victoria , Efthymiadis Pavlos T. , Gerakaris Vasilis , Serrano Oscar , Tsapakis Manolis , Apostolaki Eugenia T.
Published: June 2023

The response of Posidonia oceanica meadows to global warming of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, where the increase in sea surface temperature (SST) is particularly severe, is poorly investigated.

Here, we reconstructed the long‐term P. oceanica production in 60 meadows along the Greek Seas over two decades (1997–2018), using lepidochronology. We determined the effect of warming on production by reconstructing the annual and maximum (i.e. August) SST, considering the role of other production drivers related to water quality (i.e. Chla, suspended particulate matter, Secchi depth).

Grand mean (±SE) production across all sites and the study period was 48 ± 1.1 mg DW per shoot yr−1. Production over the last two decades followed a trajectory of decrease, which was related to the concurrent increase in annual SST and SSTaug. Annual SST > 20°C and SSTaug > 26.5°C was related to production decline (GAMM, P < 0.05), while the rest of the tested factors did not help explain the production pattern.

Our results indicate a persistent and increasing threat for Eastern Mediterranean meadows, drawing attention to management authorities, highlighting the necessity of reducing local impacts to enhance the resilience of seagrass meadows to global change threats.