bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Malaria epidemics detection and associated climatic factors in the Hauts Bassins Health Region of Burkina Faso
Authors: Ouédraogo Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwind
Published: June 2022

Background: Malaria is endemic in the Hauts Bassins Health Region, making it necessary to detect epidemics. Though malaria is a climatic sensitive disease, the association between malaria occurrence and climate is not well known in the Hauts Bassins Health Region. The study sought to detect malaria epidemics and assess the correlation of malaria cases with climate. Methods: A secondary analysis of ecological data from the National Health Information System (NHIS) and the General Directorate of Meteorology of Burkina Faso was conducted. Mean, quartiles and cumulative sum methods were performed to set epidemic thresholds. Correlation between malaria and climatic factors in the health region was assessed using Spearman's test. A Mann-Whitney test determined the association of malaria transmission seasons with climatic variables, at 5%. Kruskal-Wallis test evaluated the relationship between malaria and the years of the occurrence, at a 5% significance level. Results: From 2013 to 2016, 2,521,789 malaria cases were reported in the region, with a mean incidence of 269 cases per 10,000 people. The annual incidence increased from 2,048 cases per 10,000 people in 2013 to 5,277 cases per 10,000 people in 2016. Regardless of the method used, cases were high in 2016, with few exceptions. There was a weak negative correlation between malaria and minimum (r=-0,292; p-value=0.044) and maximum (r=-0,391; p-value=0.006) temperatures. The relationship between relative humidity and malaria was positive and weak (r=0,304; p-value=0.036). Lowest temperatures and highest relative humidity simultaneously drove malaria within-year variability during the high transmission season. Conclusion: Malaria incidence increased unexpectedly in 2016. Malaria endemicity hides a within-year and year-to-year variability, partially driven by the temperature, relative humidity and rainfall.
Knowledge, attitude and uptake of tuberculosis screening services among gold miners in the Datuko sub-district in the Talensi District Ghana
Authors: Amanobila Robert Ayine
Published: June 2022

Background: In Ghana, uptake of tuberculosis (TB) screening services among miners is sub-optimal. The study assessed the knowledge, attitude and uptake of TB screening services among gold miners in the Datuko sub-district in Talensi district Ghana. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study design using a mixed-method approach among 384 adult mine workers. A questionnaire and key informant interview guides were the instruments for data collection and both descriptive and inferential analysis was done using SPSS version 22.00. Results: About 94.5% of the respondents have heard of TB and the overall knowledge of the cause of TB was poor, as 66.1% of the participants said TB was caused by smoking. The majority of the participants (66.4%) had poor attitudes towards TB screening and a few of them (15.4%) had screened for TB. The composite score for knowledge and attitudes of the respondents towards TB screening was 1.61 and 1.41 respectively. There was an association between having heard of TB and recognizing the importance of TB screening service with a p-value of 0.001. There was also a connection between having heard of TB and uptake of screening service (p=0.001). The only factor that determined uptake of TB screening was the educational level of the respondents. The qualitative study among health staff revealed that awareness of TB was high among miners but they perceived those attitudes and use of the TB screening services were sub-optimal. Conclusion: Both knowledge and attitudes of TB screening services among miners were poor which resulted in a sub-optimal uptake of TB screening services. Also, the educational level of the respondents predicted uptake of TB screening service. It is therefore important for policy makers to strengthen TB control activities through health promotional programmes.
Clinical significance of body temperature in SARS-COV-2 positivity: A prospective study among travellers
Authors: Adams Yussif
Published: June 2022

Background: Globally, SARS-CoV-2 infections continue to rise with dire consequences on the social and economic activities in affected countries. This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the evidence of body temperature and the presence of COVID-19 diseases among travelers. Methods: The study recruited 314 travelers who visited the Trust Specialist Hospital in Accra hospital. Body temperature readings, demographic information, and the RT-PCR test results of nasopharyngeal swabs were collected routinely from the travelers between March and August 2021. Descriptive statistics and measures of association were performed for the associations between the body temperature readings as an outcome variable verses age, sex, ORF1AB gene, and NGene CT values. An alpha value (p<0.05) was considered statistically significant. Results: There was an even distribution of body temperature readings among the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients however, 90.4% of them were asymptomatic with low/normal body temperature. The ORF1AB mean CT values indicated high infectivity at low/normal and high body temperatures of the patients (26.9 and 25.9 cycles respectively). About 70.1% recorded ORF1AB CT values less than 30 cycles. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that asymptomatic SAR-CoV-2 infected individuals are equally infectious as those who present with symptoms, hence, temperature checks alone may be misleading. This study was restricted to the use of a rise in body temperature to define asymptomatic cases therefore does not seek to generalize.
Stress, Floods, and other Disasters
Authors: Toth Marko , Perišić Kristina , Ramljak Tea , Čendo-Metzinger Tamara
Published: June 2022

Floods are the most frequent disasters in the world, they are full of stressors, and result in numerous victims and consequences for the physical and mental health of people.The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of floods as a crisis event on the physical and mental health of the affected population. During the data collection, two new crises emerged. Part of the sample was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and devastating earthquakes. Therefore, the paper additionally analyzes the effects of these events on the results.Data were collected through a field and online survey on a sample of the Croatian population living in the flood-prone area (n = 42) and a sample of the population of the nearby area that was not exposed to the floods (n = 38). The questionnaire contained questions about the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants, and measures of stress (Physical Stress Reactions and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21).The results show that residents of flooded areas showed on average more physical stress reactions (t (78) = 4.19, p <.01) and fewer psychological reactions to stress (t (78) = 5.79, p <.01) compared to residents of non-flooded areas. Participants affected by the pandemic and earthquake on average showed significantly more symptoms of psychological stress, especially depression and anxiety compared to participants unaffected by these crises (t (78) = 2.96 - 5.46, p <.01), while the difference in the intensity of physical symptoms did not appear.The obtained results are difficult to interpret due to the interference of three crisis events and factors that may have influenced the results. However, this specific and unplanned research situation leads to the conclusion that crisis events have a significant stressful impact and consequences on the physical and mental health of the affected population.
Medical Students’ Perception of Organization and Informatization of Teaching During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nola Iskra Alexandra , Dvorski Matija , Majer Marjeta
Published: June 2022

Background and aim: Outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has had big impact on higher education system. To prevent spreading of the disease, distance learning was organised. The aim of this research was to assess medical students’ perception of quality of educational process during the COVID-19 pandemic.Respondents and methods: Online research was conducted during May 2021 on 142 students of fourth, fifth and sixth year of School of Medicine University of Zagreb. This research was conducted using Questionnaire for Assessing Quality of Distance Learning in Biomedicine Studies. It consists of 28 items which are rated using 7-point Likert scale and are distributed in six subscales. All statistical analyses were conducted using IBM® SPSS® Statistics for Windows (Version 25.0).Results: Statistically significant difference was found in Perception of Teachers’ Work between fourth and sixth year (p = 0.012), as well as Perception of Educational Environment and Personal Academic Achievements between fourth and fifth, and fourth and sixth year of study (p < 0.001). The lowest mean for all subscales was found in fourth year, except subscales Perception of Personal Academic Activity (3.51 ± 1.32) and Perception of Equipment Quality (6.22 ± 1.04). The highest mean was found in sixth year for subscales Perception of Distance Learning Organization (3.47 ± 1.04), Perception of Cooperation (4.39 ± 1.04) and Perception of Teachers’ Work (4.73 ± 0.96). For subscales Perception of Educational Environment and Personal Academic Achievements and Perception of Equipment Quality, the highest mean was found in the fifth year (5.42 ± 1.14 and 6.28 ± 1.01, respectively). Majority of students were satisfied with equipment quality and Internet connection they used, however most of them (N = 68, 47.9 %) thought that teachers were not qualified enough to use tools for online teaching.Conclusion: The highest quality of educational process was perceived by sixth-year (64.9 % of the total score), and the lowest by fourth-year medical students (58.7 % of the total score). Teachers should continue with their education in order to maximize the use of digital technology in achieving educational outcomes, especially in biomedical area.
The efficacy of kalium bromatum 30CH in the treatment of acne vulgaris
Authors:   , Nijland Grant
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Homoeopathic remedy Kalium bromatum 30CH compared to placebo in the treatment of Acne vulgaris. The study was a double blind placebo controlled study. Participants were recruited via advertisements in local newspapers and notices posted at schools, health shops and pharmacies. Thirty volunteers who complied with the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group of 15 participants each. The treatment period was four weeks which included three consultations. The effect of treatment was measured by determining the reduction in the number of lesions found on the faces of the participants. The lesions were divided into three groups, namely non-inflamed lesions, inflamed lesions and comedones. The Leeds Technique for assessing Acne vulgaris was used.
A survey of the perceptions and management of ADD/ADHD by homoeopathic practitioners in the Johannesburg metropolitan area
Authors:   , Nagle Susan Margaret
Published: June 2022

The epidemic proportion of ADD/ADHD diagnosis is gaining widespread attention from parents, educators, doctors and other health care providers. Parents are seeking alternatives, as they are concerned about the use and side effects of methylphenidate hydrochloride (e.g. Ritalin®, Adaphen®, Concerta®) and other conventional drugs used to treat the symptoms of ADD/ADHD (Badat, 2004 and Picton, 2004). The aim of this research was to document the current practices of registered homoeopathic practitioners, with regard to Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In addition, their perceptions regarding aeitiology, treatment, management and success rate was investigated. This research took the form of a qualitative-quantitative survey (questionnaire) targeting homoeopaths practicing in the Johannesburg Metropolitan Area
A group analysis evaluation of the class Insecta in terms of known materia medica
Authors:   , Vogel Alta
Published: June 2022

Group analysis of homoeopathic remedies is a relatively new methodology, linking naturally related substances via their common symptomatology. At its very basic level of understanding, it is an attempt to identify a mechanism for understanding groups of related remedies according to the natural classification of various sources used in homoeopathic practice (Scholten, 1993). This not only offers new aspects to well known remedies, but illuminates the smaller, less well known remedies, resulting in a more comprehensive and rounded understanding of the materia medica
An in vitro investigation of the effects of surface corrosion on the metal element content and tensile strength of orthodontic silver brazed stainless steel joints arising from varying exposure periods in Fusayama's artificial saliva
Authors:   , Vahed Anisa
Published: June 2022

Globally in the field of Dental Technology, brazing continues to be the prevailing joining technique for removable orthodontic appliances. However, the strength of the brazed joint is a growing concern to dental technicians since the commonly employed silver solder brazing material undergoes changes in brazed joint composition (microstructure) thereby enhancing corrosion susceptibility. This ultimately influences the success of orthodontic appliances intra-orally. The objective of this in vitro investigation was therefore to determine the effects of corrosion on the composition and tensile strength of orthodontic silver brazed stainless steel joints after varying exposure periods in Fusayama’s artificial saliva.
Cognitive function among first division KwaZulu-Natal Rugby Union players and its associations with duration of exposure to the sport and a history of concussion
Authors:   , Skelding Emily Lauren
Published: June 2022

Background Rugby union (‘rugby’) is a popular sport that is also associated with a higher-thanaverage risk of concussion injury compared with other popular team sports. A recent study in New Zealand found that a history of rugby participation or concussions were associated with neurocognitive deficits, as measured by CNS Vital Signs (CNSVS) test battery. Although it is a vastly different context, rugby is just as popular in South Africa as in New Zealand. Despite this, no study to date has quantified the effects of rugby exposure and concussion history as measured by CNSVS. Aim The aim of the study was to determine the association between cognitive function and rugby exposure and/or concussion history among adult first division rugby players in South Africa. Research methodology The research conducted was a cross-sectional survey which targeted first division rugby players in KwaZulu-Natal. The research tools used were the CNSVS test battery and the General Health Rugby (GHR) questionnaire which were used in a similar study in New Zealand. Results and discussion This study revealed a weak Pearson coefficient -0.24 (p = 0.05) between the number of years of rugby playing experience and neurocognitive index (NCI) score, which indicated that every additional year of rugby played resulted in a minor decrease in the NCI score of the respondents. However, multiple regression analyses revealed that the association between rugby playing experience and NCI score was attenuated (p = 0.41). Despite the multiple regression association not being significant (p = 0.53), this study reported medium to large effect size inverse associations between the number of concussions sustained by the players and their NCI domain scores. Conclusion and recommendations Rugby is a physically demanding team sport played in South Africa as well as across the globe, therefore the need for research pertaining to neurological health in rugby is necessary. This study indicated a weak negative association between the number of years of rugby playing experience and the respondents’ NCI scores. Furthermore, this study reported a medium to large effect size inverse association between the number of concussions sustained by the players and their NCI domain scores, and as such warrants further exploration in more prospective studies. There is a need for additional research with regards to neurological health in rugby players, taking into account concussive and sub-concussive exposure.
Pharmaceutical standardization of Abhraka Bhasma Amrutikarana
Authors: PANDEY OM , Bedarkar Dr. Prashant , Patgiri Prof. Biswajyoti
Published: June 2022

Amrutikarana is a process explained in Ayurveda classics to remove any remaining blemishes from Bhasma preparations and improve their efficacy. It is mainly indicated in the context of Abhraka, Lauha and Tamra Bhasma. Abhraka Bhasma is one of the most widely used Bhasma preparations in Ayurveda with the most diverse methods and number of Puta. Aim & Objective: To develop SMP for Abhraka Bhasma Amrutikarana with Triphala Kwatha and Goghrita. Material & methods: Raw materials were procured from a pharmacy of a government institute and local area. Shodhana was done by Nirvapa in Godugdha, followed by Dhanyabhraka in Kanji and Marana with Eranda patra Swarasa and Guda till 60 Puta. Amrutikarana was done by mild heating with Triphala Kwatha and Goghrita till Madhyama Paka. Results: The color changed from black to red in Marana process and red to black after Amrutikarana. The average weight gain was 32% to 36%. Almost exponential change in the duration was seen with batch size. Stages of various changes in the consistency of material were similar in all batches. An increase in LOD, decrease in ash value, angle of repose, and changes in organoleptic characters suggest clear changes in the physicochemical structure by the process. Conclusion: Observational changes in the color, weight, consistency, duration, physicochemical and organoleptic characters can be considered as SMP for Abhraka Bhasma Amrutikarana with Triphala Kwatha and Goghrita.
A Literary Review on Lifestyle Intervention Through Ayurveda in Increasing Pattern of Non-Communicable Diseases due to Urbanization.
Authors: Jha Dr Manglakant , Sah Mithilesh Kumar , Atul Kumar
Published: June 2022

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are of increasing concern for global health due to their high mortality rate. The major risk factors of NCDs can be classified into categories of self-management, genetic factors, socio-demographic factors, environmental factors and factors of medical conditions. Consuming alcohol, smoking, physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary habits are the vulnerable risk factors. NCDs are driven by factors like rapid unplanned urbanization, unhealthy lifestyle and aging also. The metabolic risk factors include hypertension, increased blood sugar level & blood pressure may be due to unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, lead to NCDs.

The description of bahudosha, snatarpanjanya vyadhi, medoroga and santarpanjanya prameha in Ayurveda has similarity to metabolic risk factors. The management of these conditions in Ayurveda involves predominantly Aahara (proper diet), Vihara (physical activity, exercise and stress management) and shodhana (purification). The main focus is on the elements of self-management and to understand the importance of lifestyle intervention and risk factors modification in order to prevent NCDs at all stages of life.

This paper will discuss epidemiological data of non-communicable disease and urbanization. The review of this condition along with its management from Ayurveda perspective and its importance in clinical practice will be discussed.
Role of Diet, Lifestyle and Yoga in the Prevention and Management of Respiratory Illnesses in Children
Authors: Khayamali Dr. Renu , Bhat Dr Soumya
Published: June 2022

Acute respiratory infection is the biggest cause for mortality among children aged less than 5 years, especially in developing countries. A community-based survey study showed that prevalence of respiratory infections was found to be 63.7% and 53.7% in urban and rural areas respectively. Respiratory infections account for 40% of child mortality globally. Burden of acute respiratory infection is increasing day by day due to the growing trend of modernization and urbanization. Overcrowding, repeated exposure to several allergens, poor nutrition are the other major etiological factors in the development of respiratory illness. After Corona virus 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic, the number of cases rose to millions and several countries across the globe were impacted severely.

     Ayurveda is a holistic science which aims at health protection, promotion and strengthening immunity to overcome diseased condition. Diet and lifestyle modification, Yogic methods like Asana, Pranayama and Neti improve respiratory health by cleansing airways, strengthening respiratory muscles, enhancing lung capacity and tissue oxygenation. Assessment of Prakriti, cause behind the illness, treating the existing morbidity, Rasayana prayoga, following necessary precautions and using certain home remedies at an early stage are important to maintain respiratory as well as overall health.

     This paper highlights preventive modalities in every level of health condition, both physical and mental, stressing especially on diet and lifestyle practices of a child.
Konut Yapılarına Ait Ortak Alanların Evrensel Tasarım İlkeleri Kapsamında İncelenmesi
Authors: HİLMİOĞLU Sennur , İŞANÇ Defne
Published: June 2022

Yeşil alanların yeterli olmadığı şehir merkezinde konutlara ait açık ortak alanlar bireyler tarafından vakit geçirmek amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla rahatlamak, sosyalleşmek ve doğaya yakınlaşmak amacıyla kullanılan açık ortak alanlar konutta yaşayan her birey tarafından erişilebilir olmalıdır ve insanlara sürdürülebilir yaşam hakkı sunmalıdır. Araştırma kapsamında, günümüzde konutların yenilenmesi sürecinde eski yapıların gelişen teknolojiyle sürdürülebilir konutlara dönüşmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu sayede ortak alanlar bütün bireyler için erişilebilir, kapsayıcı olacak ve sürdürülebilirliğe katkı sağlayacaktır. Erişilebilirliğin artırılması konusunda evrensel tasarım kavramı önemli olmaktadır. Evrensel tasarım; farklı antropometrik verilere, farklı bilişsel yetkinliklere, farklı özelliklere sahip kullanıcılara cevap verebilecek kapsayıcı bir tasarım anlayışıdır. Şehir merkezlerinde bulunan çok katlı konut yapılarının açık ve kapalı ortak alanlarının evrensel tasarım ilkelerine uygun tasarlanması sürdürülebilirlik için önemli olmaktadır. Konutta yaşayan herkesin bu alanlara erişebilmesi gerektiği için konutun açık ve kapalı ortak alanlarının evrensel tasarım ilkeleri kapsamında değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında alan araştırması ve fotoğraflama çalışması yapılacaktır. İstanbul Kadıköy’de 8 katlı ve 34 dairesi olan ortalama 100 kişinin yaşadığı çok katlı bir konut yapısının evrensel tasarım ilkeleri bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Mekânların fotoğraflanması, kullanım şekillerinin gözlemlenmesi ve ardından evrensel tasarım ilkelerine göre yorumlanması hedeflenmektedir. Evrensel tasarım ilkeleri kapsamında ortak alanların, ilkelere uygun olup olmadığı ile ilgili değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Ardından mekânların tespit edilen eksikleri ile ilgili evrensel tasarım ilkelerine uyması için öneriler geliştirilecektir.
(IN) APLICABILIDADE DA LEI DE IMPROBIDADE ADMINISTRATIVA NAS CONDUTAS ILÍCITAS PRATICADAS POR MINISTROS E PRESIDENTES
Authors: Oliveira Caio Santos , Vasconcelos Junior Joílson Leopoldino
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho tem como finalidade, expor a inaplicabilidade da Lei de Improbidade Administrativa nas condutas ilícitas praticadas por Ministros e Presidentes, além disso, visa explicar o contexto histórico do surgimentos das leis de Responsabilidade e Improbidade, o qual se deu por inúmeras condutas imorais na administração pública do brasil, ou seja, bem distante dos princípios reguladores para que se tenha uma boa gestão pública, que são legalidade, impessoalidade, moralidade, publicidade e eficiência. A pesquisa também, faz um comparativo entre as Leis de Responsabilidade 1079/1950, e Improbidade Administrativa número 8429/2021, nesse mesmo sentido, a partir de citações e jurisprudência o trabalho ilustra, o âmbito de atuação, e a natureza jurídica dessas referidas leis, tendo como objetivos, verificar os tipos de sanções legais que poderão ser aplicadas aos referidos agentes públicos em casos de condutas ilícitas praticadas, e diferenciar a natureza jurídica retratando o caráter cível da Lei de Improbidade Administrativa, a qual visa o ressarcimento ao erário, não apenas sanções que implicam na perda e suspensão dos direitos políticos. E também para auxiliar nessa busca a esses enfoques citados, a pesquisa utilizou também uma revisão bibliográfica, como método de pesquisa, a qual teve requisitos para essa pesquisa, tendo como reguladores para o trabalho as produções de artigos científicos na língua portuguesa. Sendo utilizado como requisito um recorte temporal de 10 anos (2010-2020) para busca de artigos inclusos na base de dados eletrônicos: Scientific Eletronic Library Online – (SCIELO). Os resultados obtidos, a partir dessa análise, a hipótese do trabalho se confirma, pois, com a aplicabilidade das duas referidas leis ao mesmo agente político será considerado bis in idem, ou seja, a aplicação simultânea das leis ao mesmo agente político, o que não é permitido para o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, embora, atualmente conforme entendimento jurisprudencial, poderá ser aplicada, a partir da ação civil pública, proposta pelo ministério público, o ressarcimento ao erário pelo mesmo o indivíduo sendo julgado por crime de responsabilidades ainda que sejam prescritas as penas expressas na Lei 8.429/2021, sendo assim os cofres do estado não sofrerá grandes prejuízos, a partir dessas condutas ilícitas de Ministros e Presidentes.
Constraints on Fracture Distribution in the Los Humeros Geothermal Field From Beamforming of Ambient Seismic Noise
Authors: Kennedy Heather , Löer Katrin , Gilligan Amy
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Faults and fractures are crucial parameters for geothermal systems as they provide secondary permeability allowing fluids to circulate and heat up in the subsurface. In this study, we use an ambient seismic noise technique referred to as three-component (3C) beamforming to detect and characterise faults and fractures at a geothermal field in Mexico. We perform 3C beamforming on ambient noise data collected at the Los Humeros Geothermal Field (LHGF) in Mexico. The LHGF is situated in a complicated geological area, being part of a volcanic complex with an active tectonic fault system. Although the LHGF has been exploited for geothermal resources for over three decades, the field has yet to be explored at depths greater than 3 km. Consequently, it is currently unknown how deep faults and fractures permeate and the LHGF has yet to be exploited to its full capacity. 3C beamforming extracts the polarizations, azimuths, and phase velocities of coherent waves as a function of frequency, providing a detailed characterisation of the seismic wavefield. In this study, 3C beamforming of ambient seismic noise is used to determine surface wave velocities as a function of depth and propagation direction. Anisotropic velocities are assumed to relate to the presence of faults giving an indication of the maximum depth of permeability, a vital parameter for fluid circulation and heat flow throughout a geothermal field. 3C beamforming was used to determine if the complex surface fracture system permeates deeper than is currently known. Our results show that anisotropy of seismic velocities does not decline significantly with depth, suggesting that faults and fractures, and hence permeability, persist below 3 km. Moreover, estimates of fast and slow directions, with respect to surface wave velocities, are used to determine the orientation of faults with depth. The North-East (NE) and North-North-West (NNW) orientation of the fast direction corresponds to the orientation of the Arroyo Grande and Maxtaloya-Los Humeros fault swarms respectively. NE and NNW orientations of anisotropy align with other major faults within the LHGF at depths permeating to 6 km.
World Atlas of late Quaternary Foraminiferal Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Ratios
Authors: Mulitza Stefan , Bickert Torsten , Bostock Helen C. , Chiessi Cristiano M. , Donner Barbara , Govin Aline , Harada Naomi , Huang Enqing , Johnstone Heather , Kuhnert Henning , Langner Michael , Lamy Frank , Lembke-Jene Lester , Lisiecki Lorraine , Lynch-Stieglitz Jean , Max Lars , Mohtadi Mahyar , Mollenhauer Gesine , Muglia Juan , Nürnberg Dirk , Paul André , Rühlemann Carsten , Repschläger Janne , Saraswat Rajeev , Schmittner Andreas , Sikes Elisabeth L. , Spielhagen Robert F. , Tiedemann Ralf
Published: June 2022

Abstract. We present a global atlas of downcore foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotope ratios available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.936747
(Mulitza et al., 2021a). The database contains 2106 published and previously unpublished stable isotope downcore records with 361 949 stable isotope
values of various planktic and benthic species of Foraminifera from 1265 sediment cores. Age constraints are provided by 6153 uncalibrated
radiocarbon ages from 598 (47 %) of the cores. Each stable isotope and radiocarbon series is provided in a separate netCDF file containing
fundamental metadata as attributes. The data set can be managed and explored with the free software tool PaleoDataView. The atlas will provide
important data for paleoceanographic analyses and compilations, site surveys, or for teaching marine stratigraphy. The database can be updated with
new records as they are generated, providing a live ongoing resource into the future.
Efficient and stable reinforcement learning for robotics
Authors:   , Dasagi Vibhavari
Published: June 2022

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has long been used for learning behaviour through agent-collected experience, recently boosted by deep neural networks. However, typical deep RL agents require millions of training data samples, equating to days or weeks of training in simulation, and months to years in the real world. As robot experience is expensive, this magnitude of real robot training is not desirable. In this thesis, we address the issue of efficiency in RL to make it feasible option for robot learning in the real world by focusing on improvements in three key aspects: data collection, data usage and policy training.
Unravelling genes responsible for successful anthocyanin production in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors:   , Ahmed Fathima Zuba
Published: June 2022

This thesis utilised two approaches, forward genetics and comparative transcriptomic analysis, to investigate the contrasting response to anthocyanin production observed in two distinct Nicotiana benthamiana ecotypes, LAB and QLD. The thesis is a step forward in utilising N. benthamiana as a candidate in forward genetics, currently limited due to its large complex genome and polyploid nature. The study utilised a cross-population between LAB and QLD to investigate the nature of inheritance of the contrasting parental phenotypes in its progeny. Additionally, expression profiles of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were analysed via differential expression analysis and a novel method of mathematical manifold analysis.
Wildfire as an agent of geochemical and mineralogical differentiation at the earth's surface
Authors:   , Guerin Kristy L.
Published: June 2022

This research investigates the impact of fires on mineralogical assemblages and geochemical fluxes at the Earth’s surface. The research shows that the high temperatures that affect soil during fires leads to the formation of pyrogenic minerals such as metakaolin. Pyrogenic minerals can be metastable, breaking down upon weathering resulting in geochemical fractionation. This project contributes to our current understanding of fire as a major driver of geochemical cycling in the surficial environment.
Diversidad de líquenes terrícolas de los Montes de Toledo (Castilla-La Mancha, España)
Authors: Aragón Gregorio , Fernando Giménez Gil , Vicente Marina
Published: June 2022

Se presentan los resultados del estudio sobre la diversidad de líquenes terrícolas en Montes de Toledo. Se han identificado 103 especies, 14 se citan por primera vez en Castilla-La Mancha y otras 32 son novedad para Montes de Toledo. Las zonas con mayor riqueza son los taludes de pistas forestales del interior de melojares o los cercanos a los cauces de ríos. Destacamos algunas especies más caraterísticas del norte peninsular, que en la zona de estudio se refugian en los taludes más frescos y húmedos (Cladonia ciliata, C. gracilis, C. scabriuscula, C. uncialis, Inoderma epigaeum, Lepraria rigidula, Peltigera venosa, Psoroma hypnorum, Trapeliopsis pseudogranulosa). En zonas más expuestas destacamos algunas especies mediterráneas muy escasas en el territorio peninsular (Cladonia dimorpha, Leptogium terrenum, Toninia toepfferi, Trapeliopsis gymnidiata, T. wallrothii). En conclusión, bajo condiciones de clima mediterráneo, los taludes de caminos y pistas forestales constituyen hábitats esenciales para la instalación de especies terrícolas
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): A Current Review
Authors: MART Dürdane
Published: June 2022

Chickpeas are a rich source of dietary protein and phenolic bioactives that promote human health, and they are widely used as food and culinary ingredients in current and ethnic cuisines around the world. Due to its natural drought and heat tolerance, chickpea will become increasingly important with climate change. Chickpea is an indeterminate crop flowering over a long period of time, with leaf and branch formation continuing during pod filling. The early stages of plant inflorescence growth are just as important as the later stages of floral development. During those early phases, certain properties, such as inflorescence architecture and flower developmental timings, are defined. A variety of climatic and environmental conditions influence chickpea growth, development, and grain yield. Chickpea production gets hampered by climatic extremes such as unpredictable rainfall, very hot and low temperatures, drought. Environmental factors like as salinity and nutrient deprivation have a significant impact on global chickpea productivity. Every year, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris causes massive yield losses in chickpeas. Other effective biotic stress factors are root diseases (collar rot, and dry root rot), and foliar diseases (Ascochyta blight, Botrytis grey mold). In this review, some valuable information related to chickpea is extracted from international articles published mostly in last year and presented here.
Siirt İli Koşullarında Farklı Azot Dozlarının Patateste (Solanum tuberosum L. ) Verim ve Verim Unsurları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ARSLAN Hüseyin , KUTLU Saliha
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırma, 2020 yılı vejetasyon döneminde Siirt Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi tarla bitkileri deneme alanında, Patateste (Solanum tuberosum L.) farklı azot dozlarının verim ve verim unsurları üzerine olan etkisini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Patates bitkisine artan dozlarda azot uygulaması, bitki boyu, bitki dal sayısı, bitki başına yumru verimi, bitki başına pazarlanabilir yumru ağırlığı, bitki başına yumru sayısı, bitki başına pazarlanabilir yumru sayısı, parsel verimi ve dekara verimde artışa neden olmuştur. Artan gübre miktarı patateste yumru iriliği üzerine önemli etkide bulunmuştur. Bitki boyu 24.55-46.60 cm, bitki dal sayısı 4.75-6.72 adet, bitki başına yumru verimi 152.50-739.25 gr, bitki başına pazarlanabilir yumru ağırlığı 146.12-739.25 gr, ıskarta yumru ağırlığı 0.25-6.37 gr, bitki başına yumru sayısı 4.42-10.30 adet, bitki başına pazarlanabilir yumru sayısı 4.42-10.30 adet, ıskarta yumru sayısı 0.00-0.625 adet, dekara verim 702.38-3404.36 kg arasında değişmiştir. Sonuçlar, azot uygulamasının 32 kg/da’a kadar artmasının patates bitkisinde verim ve verim unsurlarını olumlu yönde etkilediği göstermiştir. Azot uygulama dozunun daha fazla artırılması, ise verim ve verim unsurları üzerine olumsuz etkide yapmıştır. En yüksek verimi elde etmede sadece verilen gübre miktarı değil aynı zamanda iklim ve toprak koşullarınında verim ve kalite üzerinde büyük önem arz ettiği unutulmamalıdır.
Çalışmada patates bitkisine farklı dozlarda azot uygulamasında bitki boyu, bitki dal sayısı, bitki başına yumru verimi, bitki başına pazarlanabilir yumru ağırlığı, bitki başına yumru sayısı, bitki başına pazarlanabilir yumru sayısı, parsel verimi ve dekara verimde artışa neden olduğu görülmektedir. Artan gübre miktarı patateste yumru iriliği üzerine önemli etkide bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; bitki boyu 24.55-46.60 cm, bitki dal sayısı 4.75-6.72 adet, bitki başına yumru verimi 152.50-739.25 gr, bitki başına pazarlanabilir yumru ağırlığı 146.12-739.25 gr, ıskarta yumru ağırlığı 0.25-6.37 gr, bitki başına yumru sayısı 4.42-10.30 adet, bitki başına pazarlanabilir yumru sayısı 4.42-10.30 adet, ıskarta yumru sayısı 0.00-0.625 adet, parsel verimi 4425-21.447 kg, dekara verim 702.38-3404.36 kg arasında değişim gösterdiği görülmektedir.
Çalışma sonucuna göre azotun belli bir düzeye kadar (32 kg/da) artması patates bitkisinde verim ve verim unsurlarını olumlu yönde etkilediği saptanmış, daha fazla artırılması durumunda olumsuz etkide bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek verimi elde etmede sadece verilen gübre miktarı değil aynı zamanda iklim ve toprak koşullarınında verim ve kalite üzerinde büyük önem arz ettiği bilinmelidir.
Meyan Otunun Yonca Silajına İlavesinin Silaj Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: DOĞAN DAŞ Besime , DAŞ Aydın , KIRAR Nurcan , KAHRAMAN Mücahit , BUDAK Duygu , TOP Şermin
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada tamponlama kapasitesi yüksek olan ve bu sebeple güç silolanan yonca (Medicago sativa L.) bitkisine silaj kalitesi üzerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla kolay eriyebilir karbonhidrat kaynağı olarak meyan (Glycyrrhiza glabra) bitkisi ilave edilmiştir. Araştırmada hazırlanan silaj grupları, yonca bitkisi kontrol (katkısız), yonca bitkisine yaş ağırlık esasına göre %2, %4, %8, %16 ve %32 oranında meyan otu ilave edilerek toplam 6 farklı grup oluşturulmuştur. Silajlar 60 günlük fermantasyon süresi sonunda açılarak ham besin madde bileşimleri ve fermentasyon ürünleri  tespit edilmiştir. Yonca bitkisine farklı seviyelerde meyan otu ilave edilerek hazırlanan silajların besin madde değeri üzerine etkileri incelendiğinde çalışmadan elde edilen silajların kuru madde, ham protein, ADF VE NDF içerikleri bakımından gruplar arası farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmamıştır. Meyan otu ilave edilerek hazırlanan silajların pH değerleri incelendiğinde en düşük pH değeri %32 yaş meyan otu ilavesi ile hazırlanan silajdan elde edilmiştir. Silajların amonyak azotu değerleri incelendiğinde, yaş meyan otu seviyesinin artışına bağlı olarak amonyak azotu değerlerinin azaldığı görülmüştür. En yüksek flieg puanı 73.79 ile %32 yaş meyan otu ilavesi ile hazırlanan silajlardan elde edilmiştir. Silajlara ait fiziksel özellikler (renk, koku, strüktür)  incelendiğinde strüktür ve renk özellikleri bakımından gruplar arasında istatistiki olarak farklılıklar tespit edilmemişken, koku ve DLG puanları arasında gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur. DLG puan ortalama değeri incelendiğinde en yüksek %32 yaş meyan otu ilavesi ile hazırlanan silajlardan elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada silolanması güç olan yoncadan kaliteli silaj elde edebilmek için ortamdaki kolay eriyebilir karbonhidrat düzeyinin yükseltilmesi amacıyla silaj materyaline alternatif olarak meyan otunun karbonhidrat kaynağı olarak katılabileceği ve meyan otunun yonca silaj kalitesini arttırması amacıyla kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Şanlıurfa Koşullarında Arpa Hat ve Çeşitlerin Ot Verimi İle İlgili Bazı Tarımsal Karakterlerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÇETİNER Halil , POLAT Tahir
Published: June 2022

Araştırma; 2019-2021 yıllarında Şanlıurfa GAP Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü’ne ait Serince Araştırma İstasyonu deneme alanında tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, verim denemelerinde ön plana çıkmış kılçıksız arpa hatlarından 20 farklı hat ve 4 standart arpa çeşidi ile bir tritikale çeşidi bitkisel materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu materyal üzerinde bitki boyu (cm), başak sayısı (adet/m2), yeşil ot ve kuru ot (kg/da) verimleri incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçları ve fenolojik gözlemler bakımından kılçıksız arpa hatlarının standart arpa çeşitleri ve tritikaleye göre daha fazla ot verimi verdiği görülmüştür. En yüksek bitki boyu 135.63 cm ile tritikale çeşidi olan Ege Yıldızında, en yüksek yeşil ot verimi ise 3372.22 kg/da olarak ICA-AWNS 011/ 62 nolu hatta tespit edilmiştir. Yine metrekaredeki başak sayısı bakımından yüksek sayısal değere ulaşan kılçıksız arpa hatları, kuru ot verimi açısından da iyi sonuçlar vermiştir. Yüksek verim kabiliyeti olan bu hatların Şanlıurfa koşullarında yetiştirilmesinin uygun olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Yemeklik Bezelye (Pisum sativum L.) Genotiplerinin Bazı Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: MART Dürdane
Published: June 2022

Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü ulusal gen bankasında muhafaza edilen Türkiye’nin değişik bölgelerinden toplanmış bezelye (Pisum sativum L.) populasyonlarından, 70 adet bezelye populasyon materyali temin edilerek Doğu Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü lokasyonunda morfolojik karekterizasyon çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Morfolojik karekterizasyon çalışmaları IPGRI’nin bezelye için yayınlamış olduğu tanımlama listesi ve bu türe ait UPOV özellik belgesine göre yapılmıştır. Bezelye bitkisine ve tohumuna ilişkin özellikler incelenmiş ve bu incelenen özellikler arasındaki farklılıklar belirlenerek ortaya koyulmuştur. Gerçekleştirilen morfolojik karekterizasyon sonucunda bezelye genotiplerinde, bitki boyu 32-135 cm, ilk bakla yüksekliği 17-85 cm, ana dal sayısı 1-4 adet ve bitkide bakla sayısı 1-26adet, bitkide tane sayısı 2-118 adet, bitkide tane ağırlığı 1-83 g arasında değişim göstermiştir. Yapılan bu çalışma ile bezelye populasyonlarının özellikle ıslah çalışmaları açısından ümitvar genotiplerin olduğu ve genotiplerde seleksiyon çalışmalarına devam edilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Is Representationalism Committed to Colour Physicalism?
Authors: Weger Daniel Mario
Published: June 2022

The circularity problem states that the representationalist about phenomenal consciousness gives a circular explanation if she adopts the classic view about secondary qualities, such as colours, that characterises them as dispositions to produce experiences with a specifi c phenomenal character. Since colour primitivism faces severe diffi culties, it seems that colour physicalism is the only viable option for the representationalist. I will argue that the representationalist is not committed to colour physicalism because she can adopt an anti-realist theory of colour. My diagnosis is that the alleged commitment to colour physicalism rests upon the acceptance of colour realism which is due to the approval of externalist versions of representationalism, such as tracking representationalism. I will argue that the representationalist can deal with the circularity problem by adopting figurative projectivism, which holds that colours are contingently non-instantiated properties that only figure in the representational contents of colour experiences.
An Exploratory Study on factors contributing towards deviant behavior among adolescents in selected senior secondary schools of district Mohali, Punjab with a view to develop an information booklet
Authors: Sharma Ujjwal , Sharma Sonia , Kaur Daljeet
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to assess the level of deviant behavior and then explore the factors contributing towards deviant behavior among adolescents in selected senior secondary schools of district Mohali, Punjab with a view to develop an information booklet. A quantitative approach with exploratory design was adopted. By convenient sampling technique 200 adolescents were selected from selected senior secondary schools of district Mohali, Punjab. Modified Normative Deviance Scale (NDS) and structured checklist were used to collect the data from adolescents in selected senior secondary schools of district Mohali, Punjab. Findings of the study shows that shows that majority 70.5% of the adolescents were in the age group of 15-16years, 59% of adolescents were female, 57.5% of the adolescents were Hindu, 62% were living in nuclear family, 36% adolescents had more than 3 siblings, 40% had 30,001-50,000 family income per month (in rupees), 28.5% adolescents’ mother studied up to secondary level and 64.5% had non-working mothers, 32.5% adolescents’ father studied up to graduation level, 98.5% had working fathers, 52.5% adolescents had 71- 90% class attendance and 55.5% adolescents were using WhatsApp in their most of the leisure time. The majority of the adolescents i.e. 187(93.5%) fall into a category of mild level of deviant behavior, 12(6.0%) were having moderate level of deviant behavior and 1(0.5%) were having severe level of deviant behavior. there was significant association of level of deviant behavior with educational status of mother, working status of mother.
A Study to assess the knowledge and practice regarding Disaster Management among IV year B.SC(N) students in Bishop’s College of Nursing Dharapuram.
Authors: Saranya S. Shalini
Published: June 2022

Non experimental descriptive design was adopted to assess the knowledge regarding disaster management among IV year B.SC(N) students. Data collected from 45 samples. Knowledge and practice regarding disaster management among the IV year B.SC(N) students, that 5(11%) had inadequate knowledge, about 33(73%) had moderately adequate and 7(16%) had adequate knowledge that 1(2%) had inadequate practice, about 35(78%) had moderately adequate and 9(20%) had adequate practice. mean score of knowledge and practice were 14.37(SD=3.122) and 9.4(SD=2.047) respectively. Chi square value were calculated to find out the association between knowledge and practice regarding disaster management among IV year B.SC(N) students, with age (χ2 = 3.86) association with religion (χ2 = 5.96) and association with income (χ2 = 3.94), with age (χ2 = 7.54) association with religion (χ2 = 0.87) and association with income (χ2 =0 .41). there is no statically significant association between the selected demographic variables sex and income, but age only significant with the practice regarding disaster management among IV year B.SC(N) students.