bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Citrobacter freundii Infection on Ion Levels of Model Organism Galleria mellonella Larvae
Authors: SUGEÇTİ Serkan
Published: December 2021

In recent years, Galleria mellonella larvae have been used as a model of infection. In this study, the effects of Citrobacter freundii infection, which has many pathophysiological effects such as urinary system, respiratory system, bacteremia, catheter infections and meningitis in mammals, on ion balance in hemolymph of G. mellonella larvae were investigated. Calcium levels in hemolymph of G. mellonella larvae significantly decreased 8 hours after the treatment when compared to the control group. Iron levels significantly increased 2 and 4 hours after bacterial infection. However, it was statistically reduced 8 hours after the C. freundii treatment compared to the control group. In addition, potassium and magnesium levels were significantly decreased in hemolymph of G. mellonella larvae due to all C. freundii treatments. Phosphorus levels increased in hemolymph of G. mellonella larvae 8 hours after C. freundii infection, but there was no statistical difference. In the present study demonstrated that C. freundii infection disrupts the ion balance of G. mellonella larvae.
Improving Homeostatic Set-Point through Proper Training Adaptations for Better Sporting Outcome
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Kishore
Published: December 2021

The concept of homeostasis is based on Darwin’s theory of survival of the fittest. In order to survive one has to maintain a stable internal and external environment. For attaining positive change of an individual’s physical, physiological, psychological, and mechanical performance stress is required in a systematic and scientific planned way. Regular upsetting the homeostatic set point, a new set-point is able to create within the body, which can be termed as adaptation. In the case of sports performance, the training load must be adopted by an athlete through the process of super-compensation in order to exhibit better performance in the competitive sports arena. Adaptation is facilitated the positive reinforcement through a negative feedback loop in physical, physiological, and psychological areas of any individual and able to develop the concept of feed-forward mechanism. If adaptation stimuli are applied properly, training can be expected to have accumulative effect. The sporting world depends upon the positive adaptation of training load through improving the sporting performance by elevating the homeostatic set point. Long term training has also positive impact on health sports performance by modifying the qualitative and quantitative physiological component. A physiological adaptation refers to the metabolic or physiologic adjustment within the cell, or tissues, of an organism in response to an environmental stimulus resulting in the improved ability of that organism to cope with its changing environment adaptation. The purpose of the present study is to critically discuss the various aspects of homeostatic regulations and the way to create a new set point of an athlete for better performance through the adaptation process.
Handbook of Confucianism in Modern Japan
Authors:   MHM Limited, Tokyo, O'Dwyer Shaun , Kun-chiang Chang , Dufourmont Eddy , Shuting Han , Dongxian Jiang , Haesoo Kang , Yu-Ting Lee , Hirota Mizuno , Mustățea Alexandra , Junhyun Park , Racel Masako , Shuttleworth Kyle Michael James , Qi Song , Shō Yamamura
Published: December 2021

In mainstream assessments of Confucianism’s modern genealogy there is a Sinocentric bias which is, in part, the result of a general neglect of modern Japanese Confucianism by political and moral philosophers and intellectual historians during the post-war era. This collection of essays joins a small group of other studies bringing modern Japanese Confucianism to international scholarly notice, largely covering the time period between the Bakumatsu era of the mid-19th century and the 21st century.

The essays in this volume can be read for the insight they provide into the intellectual and ideological proclivities of reformers, educators and philosophers explicitly reconstructing Confucian thought, or more tacitly influenced by it, during critical phases in Japan’s modernization, imperialist expansionism and post-1945 reconstitution as a liberal democratic polity. They can be read as introductions to the ideas of modern Japanese Confucian thinkers and reformers whose work is little known outside Japan—and sometimes barely remembered inside Japan. They can also be read as a needful corrective to the above-mentioned Sinocentric bias in the 20th century intellectual history of Confucianism. For those Confucian scholars currently exploring how Confucianism is, or can be made compatible with democracy, at least some of the studies in this volume serve as a warning. They enjoin readers to consider how Confucianism was also rendered compatible with the authoritarian ultranationalism and militarism that captured Japan’s political system in the 1930s, and brought war to the Asia-Pacific region.
Franciscan Books and their Readers
Authors: Hernández René
Published: December 2021

Franciscan Books and their Readers explores the manuscripts written, read and studied by Franciscan friars from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries in northern Italy, and specifically Padua, assessing four key aspects: ideal, space, form and readership. The ideal is studied through the regulations that determined what manuscripts should aim for. Space refers to the development and role of Franciscan libraries. The form is revealed by the assessment of the physical configuration of a set of representative manuscripts read, written and manufactured by the friars. Finally, the study of the readership shows how Franciscans were skilled readers who employed certain forms of the manuscript as a portable, personal library and as a tool for learning and pastoral care. By comparing the book collections of Padua’s reformed and unreformed medieval Franciscan libraries for the first time, this study reveals new features of the ground-breaking cultural agency of medieval friars.
Wünsche kauft Aldi-Lieferant
Authors: Stockburger Manfred
Published: December 2021

Der insolvente Aldi-Lieferant Gebra Nonfood Handelsgesellschaft dockt bei der Wünsche-Group an. Der Discounter vermeidet damit zusätzliche Regallücken.
Just Spices will Briten überzeugen
Authors: Sachsenröder Delphine
Published: December 2021

Das Gewürz-Startup Just Spices gehört künftig zu 85 Prozent dem US-Konzern Kraft Heinz. Die Gründer des Unternehmens wollen mit Unterstützung des neuen Mehrheitseigentümers zügig international expandieren. Ihr nächstes Ziel ist Großbritannien.
Petrella arbeitet an der Verjüngung
Authors: Lenders Dirk
Published: December 2021

Der niedersächsische Frischkäsespezialist Petri Feinkost plant die Verjüngung seiner Marke Petrella. Dazu sollen neue Sorten und auch vegane Varianten beitragen.
Wurzeln schlagen
Authors: Düthmann Christiane
Published: December 2021

Auf dem Weg zur Klimaneutralität stehen Unternehmen vor der Frage, wie sie unvermeidliche Treibhausgasemissionen kompensieren sollen. Statt Projekte in Übersee zu unterstützen, würden sich viele gern um heimische Wälder kümmern. Doch das ist gar nicht so einfach. Christiane Düthmann
Kampagnen werden automatisiert
Authors: Konrad Jörg , Nusser Bernd
Published: December 2021

Die Mehrheit der Handelsunternehmen ist beim Thema „Data-driven-Marketing“ noch mit kleinem Budget unterwegs. Die Branche erwartet aber laut einer Studie, dass der Auf- und Ausbau in diesem Bereich deutlich Fahrt aufnehmen wird.
Junge Leute gönnen sich etwas
Authors: Heimig Dieter
Published: December 2021

Die Corona-Pandemie hat deutliche Folgen für die Ausgabebereitschaft der Verbraucher. Das geht aus der Trendstudie des Online-Vermarkterkreis (OVK) im Bundesverband Digitale Wirtschaft (BVDW) hervor.
dm-Drogeriemarkt erprobt Booster-Angebot
Authors: Kitzmann Marco
Published: December 2021

Über den Sommer hinweg hatte dm-Drogeriemarkt mit eigenen Corona-Schnelltestzentren zusätzliche Kapazitäten geschaffen. Nun belebt das Karlsruher Handelsunternehmen sein Angebot wieder und will auch bei der Impfkampagne helfen. Einen breiten Rollout beider Projekte knüpft dm allerdings an Forderungen.
Hohes Potenzial: Grabenlose Lösungen für die Rohrerneuerung
Authors: Knour Anne
Published: December 2021

Alte, schadhafte Rohrsysteme führen weltweit zu unnötigen Wasserverlusten. Der Bedarf an Erneuerung bestehender Wasserleitungen ist deshalb hoch. Mit grabenlosen Techniken für die Rohrerneuerung können die unterirdischen Lebensadern erhalten und modernisiert werden.
Ein Staatsmann im grünen Gewand
Authors: Mönch Axel
Published: December 2021

Brüssel. Fast ein wenig steif wirkte der neue deutsche Landwirtschaftsminister Cem Özdemir (Grüne) bei seinem ersten Auftritt in Brüssel, jedenfalls im Vergleich zu seiner lebhaften Vorgängerin Julia Klöckner (CDU).
EDITORIAL
Authors: N/A N/A
Published: December 2021

N/A
Riesgos de la radiación en imágenes pediátricas.
Authors: Renedo de la Hoz Susana
Published: December 2021

El avance tecnológico de las imágenes para evaluación de enfermedades ha llevado a un aumento considerable de la radiación de origen médica, principalmente la proveniente de la tomografía computada (TC)

Estudios recientes confirman un pequeño pero significativo incremento de casos de cáncer inducidos por radiación generada por la TC. Siendo los niños reconocidamente más sensibles a la radiación que los adultos y sumado a su mayor expectativa de vida, es que debemos usar todos los recursos para optimizar y reducir la dosis de exposición aplicando el concepto de ALARA. La TC es una herramienta diagnóstica importantísima en la práctica médica, y sus beneficios superan ampliamente los costos de la radiación si su indicación está adecuadamente justificada.
Tomografía computada de tórax en pediatría. Indicaciones actuales
Authors: Merchak A Adriana , Miranda-Merchak Andrés
Published: December 2021

El estudio de enfermedades que afectan el sistema respiratorio es una práctica cotidiana en pediatría. Las imágenes cumplen un rol muy importante y la tomografía computada multicorte (TCMC) tan alejada inicialmente de los niños tiene actualmente un rol muy importante. La TCMC ha aumentado significativamente el número de patologías posibles de estudiar ya que presenta ventajas en comparación con la tomografía convencional. Permite reducir la dosis de radiación y de volumen de contraste endovenoso, es un exámen extremadamente rápido, se consiguen adquisiciones volumétricas en apnea sin artefactos, imágenes de muy buena calidad y reconstrucciones multiplanares. Este artículo revisa las indicaciones de estudio con tomografía computada de nódulos pulmonares, masas torácicas, vía aérea, lesiones cervicotorácicas, diafragmáticas o yuxtadiafragmáticas, de la caja torácica, estudio vascular, infecciones y malformaciones congénitas. En conclusión, las nuevas tecnologías de tomografía computada han ampliado las indicaciones en pediatría, convirtiéndose en exámenes más seguros y altamente resolutivos.
TRAQUEOBRONCOMALACIA
Authors: Oyarzún A María Angélica , Dittborn A Antonia
Published: December 2021

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de edad escolar, quien por sibilancias recurrentes se trataba como asmática. Al realizar espirometría forzada se detectó un compromiso variable de vía central intratorácica. La fibrobroncoscopía confirmó la presencia de broncomalacia.
FIBROSIS QUÍSTICA Y TAMIZAJE NEONATAL
Authors: Boza María Lina
Published: December 2021

El tamizaje neonatal para fibrosis quística es una estrategia de salud pública que ha demostrado beneficios nutricionales, aumento de la sobrevida y potencialmente prevención de problemas severos de salud. En el mundo se usan variados protocolos, sin embargo en todos el primer paso es la determinación de tripsinógeno inmunorreactivo (IRT) en sangre, tomado del talón del recién nacido. El segundo paso incluye la determinación de un segundo IRT o determinación de DNA o PAP (Proteina asociada a pancreatitis). La selección del protocolo a seguir depende de cada país pero hasta ahora no hay una estrategia óptima.
Citomegalovirus: modalidades broncopulmonares de presentación
Authors: Maggiolo M. Julio , Rubilar O Lilian , Kogan A Ricardo
Published: December 2021

Citomegalovirus (CMV) es un herpesviridae, endémico de amplia distribución mundial, debido a su alta tasa de transmisión, especialmente en países de bajo nivel socioeconómico. CMV es un importante agente patógeno en el período embrionario-fetal, siendo el principal agente etiológico del síndrome de TORCH. Por su capacidad de infectar diferentes órganos puede producir una variedad de cuadros clínicos, las formas más graves y frecuentes afectan al aparato respiratorio, gastrointestinal, sistema nervioso central y la retina. En el aparato respiratorio CMV se manifiesta de diversas maneras, dependiendo de la edad y del estado inmunológico del huésped. En inmuno- deprimidos produce neumonías intersticiales graves; sin embargo, ocasionalmente afecta a individuos inmuno- competentes manifestándose como neumonía del primer trimestre, síndrome coqueluchoídeo o enfermedad pulmonar intersticial crónica. En la actualidad el método diagnóstico de elección es el cultivo acelerado de shell vial de muestra obtenida mediante lavado broncoalveolar, presenta alta sensibilidad y especificidad. El tratamiento con ganciclovir ha mejorado el pronóstico. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar las diferentes formas de presentación clínica del CMV en el aparato respiratorio en pediatría y la respuesta al tratamiento utilizado.
Manifestaciones respiratorias de las enfermedades reumáticas en niños
Authors: D’Arago Vicente , Nieto Bebella , Meléndez Crhisol
Published: December 2021

Las enfermedades reumáticas son un grupo heterogéneo de patologías de base autoinmune y manifestaciones principalmente articulares y cutáneas. Las expresiones respiratorias de estas en niños son menos frecuentes que en los adultos, pueden afectar todas las estructuras respiratorias, sin embargo las más frecuentes son el espacio pleural con pleuritis y derrame y la afectación intersticial pulmonar. Las alteraciones suelen ser de comienzo subclínico, que se hacen evidentes a la exploración con tomografía de tórax o en pruebas de función respiratoria como espirometría o prueba de difusión de monóxido de carbono. Algunos casos cursan con afectación respi­ratoria severa, como hemorragia respiratoria o neumonías sobre agregadas. La evaluación integral con historia clínica, estudios de imágenes y de función respiratoria son la clave en la evaluación y manejo de estos pacientes.
Infecciones respiratorias en niños con síndrome de Down
Authors: García Marlis , Martínez Julia , Rodríguez Carol , Bonilla Wensuyen
Published: December 2021

Síndrome de Down (SD) es la anormalidad cromosómica más común entre los recién nacidos vivos. Las infec­ciones respiratorias son la causa más importante de mortalidad en individuos con SD en todas las edades. En las últimas décadas se han realizado varios estudios para aclarar las anormalidades del sistema inmune en SD. Factores no-inmunológicos, incluyendo estructuras anatómicas anormales, enfermedad cardíaca congénita y reflujo gas- troesofágico, pueden desempeñar un papel en el aumento de la frecuencia de infecciones del tracto respiratorio. Abordar los factores inmunológicos y no inmunológicos implicados en la patogenia de las enfermedades infecciosas puede reducir la susceptibilidad a las infecciones en los niños SD.
Neumonía complicada en pediatría, su manejo: un reto
Authors: Agudelo Bertha
Published: December 2021

La neumonía complicada con derrame pleural o empiema es una patología que ha ido incrementando su inci­dencia en los últimos años. Su diagnóstico temprano y su manejo oportuno disminuyen los costos y acortan las estancias hospitalarias de los pacientes. Las ayudas diagnósticas optimizan los tratamientos. En los últimos años la intervención con sustancias fibrinolíticas y las intervenciones quirúrgicas como la videotoracoscopia han abierto un panorama positivo en el manejo sin embargo, existen controversias en el momento de su aplicación. Este artículo hace una revisión de estos aspectos.
Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en niños mayores de 3 meses de edad: ¿Qué es lo nuevo en el tratamiento?
Authors: Manotas Marina
Published: December 2021

En esta revisión se describen recomendaciones sobre el manejo de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en niños mayores de tres meses de edad, indicaciones de manejo en domicilio, en hospitalización, los criterios de internación en unidad de cuidados intensivos y recomendaciones de uso de antibióticos de acuerdo a las guías de manejo, teniendo en cuenta factores de riesgo, vacunación, sensibilidad, duración de la terapia. El Streptococcus pneumoniae continua siendo el agente etiológico más común en neumonía bacteriana adquirida en la comunidad en niños sanos, en edad escolar y adolescentes, la mayoría de los pacientes con neumonía adquirida en la co­munidad no requieren hospitalización. Todas las guías recomiendan penicilina o ampicilina como primera línea de tratamiento para neumonía no complicada. La amoxicilina sigue siendo la droga de elección como terapia empírica en neumonía no grave, en pacientes con esquema e vacunación completa. Se revisan las recomendaciones de manejo para pacientes con esquemas de vacunación incompleta y las diferentes combinaciones de esquemas de antibióticos y su efectividad. Se dan recomendaciones sobre las medidas de apoyo, los criterios de evaluación y de seguimiento. El adherirse a las guías de manejo clínico tiene un impacto positivo en la morbilidad y mortalidad por neumonía.
Bronquiolitis: artículo de revisión
Authors: Parra Andrea , Jiménez Carolina , Hernández Sara , García Jorge Edwin , Cardona Ángela María
Published: December 2021

La bronquiolitis, es una enfermedad frecuente en la infancia y constituye la principal causa de ingreso hospitalario en los menores de 2 años, por infección del tracto respiratorio inferior (ITRI). Se caracteriza por síntomas respi­ratorios superiores que conducen a síntomas respiratorios inferiores por la infección primaria o la reinfección con un patógeno viral, el más identificado es el virus respiratorio sincicial (VRS). A pesar de la frecuencia e importancia de esta enfermedad, aún existen grandes controversias en cuanto al protocolo terapéutico más adecuado. Su definición y tratamiento siguen siendo tema de constantes debates y motivo de estudio, buscando llegar a un consenso mundial sobre el adecuado abordaje de esta entidad, por lo que este artículo es un enfoque práctico de la bronquiolitis, basado en la evidencia científica disponible en cuanto a la epidemiología, manifestaciones clí­nicas, diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención de la bronquiolitis. La implementación de un algoritmo terapéutico es factible y puede ayudar a reducir los errores de manejo y la tasa de prescripción de esteroides y antibióticos, inadecuados en niños con bronquiolitis.
IX Congreso de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Neumología Pediátrica XIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Fibrosis Quística VIII Congreso de la Sociedad Chilena de Neumología Pediátrica
Authors: Zamorano W Alejandra
Published: December 2021

N/A
Diagnóstico diferencial de la tos crónica en pediatría
Authors: Weinberger Miles
Published: December 2021

La tos crónica es una causa frecuente de consulta a nivel ambulatorio. Es motivo de angustia para pacientes y padres, y en algunos casos se resuelve espontáneamente, sin lograr precisar su etiología. El Profesor Miles Weinberger destaca la importancia de realizar una acuciosa historia clínica para caracterizar la tos y su signología asociada, lo que permite identificar patrones típicos de algunas enfermedades.
E D I TO R I A L
Authors: Abara Selim , Hernández Jury
Published: December 2021

N/A
El proceso de investigación y su aplicación en la rehabilitación respiratoria. Primera parte
Authors: Rodríguez N. Iván
Published: December 2021

En los últimos años se ha observado un incremento significativo en la cantidad de artículos científicos publicados en el campo de la rehabilitación, lo que ha permitido el desarrollo de la disciplina con un enfoque basado en los paradigmas de la medicina basada en evidencia. En este sentido, conocer los elementos metodológicos que componen el proceso de investigación es fundamental para que los resultados no sufran distorsiones producidas por error sistemático o azar, factores que afectan de manera crítica la validez de los resultados obtenidos durante la investigación clínica. En la presente revisión se aborda de manera integrada las fases iniciales del proceso de investigación, que son: el planteamiento del problema; objetivos, hipótesis y diseño de estudio. El propósito es aportar una guía para el diseño de futuros estudios en el área de la rehabilitación pulmonar.
Evaluación y diagnóstico de la disfonía en niños
Authors: Olavarría Leiva Christian , Cortez Villagrán Pedro
Published: December 2021

La disfonía en el niño es un síntoma frecuente, no así un motivo de consulta habitual, ya que con frecuencia suele ser subestimado por padres y médicos. Si bien la mayoría de los cuadros son debido a hiperfunción o mal uso de la voz, la disfonía en el niño puede ser síntoma de un problema de salud relevante e incluso grave. La siguiente publicación busca ampliar el abanico diagnóstico en este grupo de pacientes.
Tratamiento quirúrgico del empiema pleural
Authors: Alcoholado B. Iván E.
Published: December 2021

El empiema en pediatría se produce principalmente en asociación con una neumonía subyacente. Los organismos causantes han cambiado con la introducción de vacunas, siendo el Streptococcus pneumoniae el microorganismo predominante. Tanto los síntomas como el examen físico no permiten diferenciar entre una neumonía con o sin derrame pleural, cuando éste es de poca cuantía, por lo que la radiografía de tórax es fundamental. La falta de respuesta a 48 horas de terapia de la neumonía debe hacer sospechar empiema. Si la radiografía muestra derrame debe realizarse una ecografía torácica para confirmar la presencia de líquido en el espacio pleural y evaluar las primeras loculaciones y tabiques. Si el líquido está libre y en cantidad suficiente debe realizar una pleurocentesis para análisis citoquímico y microbiológico. Si el derrame se reproduce o está tabicado se debe realizar una debridamiento pleuropulmonar videotoracoscópico que mejora al niño en menor tiempo y con menos secuelas.
International Architecture News
Authors: Grigorieva Anna
Published: December 2021

The news highlights the UIA’s events concerning climate change and clean environment, the UIA 2030 Award launched in partnership with UN-Habitat, and the results of the 5th edition of the Baku International Architecture Award.
“Nizhegorodskaya” (Ryazanskaya) transport hub in Moscow
Authors: Bashkaev Timur
Published: December 2021

The article features the architectural solution and purpose of the Nizhegorodskaya transport and interchange hub, as well as the importance of interaction between the leading design teams of different profiles. It describes the symbolic and artistic component of the project and its implementation.
The role of transport planning in the sustainable development of the Irkutsk agglomeration
Authors: Levashev Alexei , Sharov Maxim , Lebedeva Olga , Lytkina Alla , Butuzova Alexandra , Prokofieva Oksana , Yatsenko Svetlana
Published: December 2021

The lack of integrated territorial and transportation planning in Irkutsk and Irkutsk agglomeration has led to the degradation of transport infrastructure. A number of measures are proposed to improve the efficiency of the transport system, including the elaboration of a development plan for sustainable mobility with a focus on public transportation services for urban areas. The use of modern transport modeling tools allows to take into account the negative consequences of reducing transport accessibility, but requires the integration of accumulated information about the characteristics of the service areas to increase the accuracy of transport forecasts.
Rental houses: History and contemporaneity
Authors: Solodilova Lyubov
Published: December 2021

The topic of housing efficiency has always been among the priorities since the emergence of rental houses. However, in today's Russia, a multi-apartment residential building with collective forms of property is widely spread, which is a low-efficiency housing facility and definitely needs infrastructural improvement within the framework of the public-private entrepreneurship. The basis for this is the efforts of government agencies, which more and more often enter the rental housing market, creating competition for the shadow sector of rented apartments.
Architectural image of the Motherland: Saint Petersburg and Budapest
Authors: Ivanova Alina , Glatolenkova Ekaterina , Bazilevich Mikhail , Csanádi Gábor
Published: December 2021

The article compares the prerequisites of “national renaissance” in the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires. It analyzes the similarity and difference in the development of the Russian style and the “Magyar Renaissance” are analyzed. The authors come to the conclusion that despite the different intensions of the emergence of national romanticism, in both cases the national style evolved from an overdecorated facade architecture to the most laconic “severe” style, which was more appropriate in the context of the beginning of the First World War. By 1914, integral ensembles appeared, which opened up the city-forming prospects of national romanticism.
O sítio do Neolítico antigo de Montum de Baixo (Melides – Alentejo Litoral)
Authors: Soares Joaquina , Tavares da Silva Carlos , Duarte Susana
Published: December 2021

Divulgam‑se os resultados das escavações arqueológicas realizadas no povoado do Neolítico antigo evolucionado de Montum de Baixo na década de 80 do século passado, por dois dos signatários (C.T.S. e J.S.), no âmbito da investigação sobre a neolitização da Costa Sudoeste, que os mesmos têm vindo a desenvolver. Situado nas proximidades de fontes de matérias‑primas siliciosas adequadas ao talhe lítico (sílex, calcedónia, cherte e jaspe), é provável que a economia de Montum de Baixo tenha aliado à actividade agrícola (provas indirectas), praticada, por hipótese, em estadas temporárias e recorrentes, a componente artesanal de produção excedentária de núcleos e suportes lamelares de sílex para as redes de troca regionais.
Cerâmica estampada britânica em Portugal (1780‑1920). Identidade, domesticidade e relações
Authors: Casimiro Tânia Manuel , Castro Inês , Silva Tiago
Published: December 2021

A cerâmica estampa britânica, cuja produção se iniciou em meados do século XVIII, surge nos contextos arqueológicos portugueses por volta de 1780. A partir daí a sua presença é constante, ainda que de formas diferentes, em diversos sítios. O propósito deste artigo é a realização de uma primeira abordagem ao tema, não só debatendo sobre um tipo de produção que é comum nos contextos arqueológicos em Portugal, mas como ele reflecte quotidianos, comportamentos e sistemas relacionais de comunicação semiótica e ideológica. Para esse efeito foram analisados quatro sítios arqueológicos em Lisboa, Almada e Grândola.
TAVARES DA SILVA, C. – SOARES, J. (coords.), 2020 O sítio arqueológico da Gaspeia e a neolitização do território de Alvalade‑Sado
Authors: Cardoso João Luís
Published: December 2021

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Hydrological and Meteorological Drought Forecasting for the Yesilirmak River Basin, Turkey
Authors: BOUSTANİ HEZARANİ Alyar , ZEYBEKOĞLU Utku , ÜLKE KESKİN Aslı
Published: December 2021

Drought is the most dangerous natural disaster. It differs from the other disasters in that it occurs insidiously, its effects are revealed gradually, and it persists for a long period. Drought has huge, negative effects on both society and natural ecosystems. In this study, values from the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) were used to generate drought estimation models by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). In addition, the probability of hydrological drought was determined by using SPI values to predict Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) values with ANN. Also, the SPI and SDI were used as the meteorological and hydrological drought indices, respectively, in conjunction with Feed Forward Neural Networks (FFNN), in ANN models. For this purpose, three rainfall and three flow gauging stations located in the Yesilirmak River Basin of Turkey were selected as the study units. The SPI and SDI values for the stations were calculated in order to create ANN estimation models. Different ANN forecasting models for SPI and SDI were trained and tested. In addition, the effects of the spatial distribution of precipitation on flows were determined by using the Thiessen Method to develop the SDI prediction model. The results generated by the ANN prediction models and resulting values were compared and the performances of the models were analyzed. The combination of ANN and SPI predicted meteorological drought with high accuracy but the combination of ANN and SDI was not as good in predicting hydrological drought.
THE INFLUENCE OF PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE ON THE COMPRESSIBILITY FACTOR
Authors:   S.C. Petrostar S.A. Ploiesti, Romania, oprea.iulian10@yahoo.com, Oprea George Iulian , Aidoni Artemis ,   ENEL Romania S.A., Romania,  artemis.aidoni@enel.com, Mitrea Ioana Cornelia ,   OMV Petrom S.A., Romania, Dinu Florinel ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania
Published: December 2021

The natural gas compressibility factor indicates the compression and expansion characteristics of natural gas under different conditions. It is a thermodynamic property used to take into account the deviation of the behaviour of real natural gases from that of an ideal gas. Compressibility factor, Z, values of natural gases are necessary for most petroleum gas engineering calculations. In this study, a comparison between five different calculation methods is presented to determine this critical parameter for the same natural gas at different conditions (pressure and temperature), using Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers, Azizi, Behbahani and Isazadeh, Dranchuk- Purvis- Robinson, Dranchuk-Abu-Kassem and Standing- Katz methods. The correlations are based on the equation of state are often implicit because they require iteration. Many correlations have been derived to enhance simplicity; however, no correlation has been developed for the entire range of pseudo-reduced pressures and temperatures. Azizi, Behbahani and Isazadeh’s method was found to have the biggest error as a result obtained for T=20° C, and p=20 bar is no longer in the field of applicability.
STUDY ON CHARACTERISTICS OF A DOWNHOLE VORTEX JET PUMP
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ukraine, den.panevnik@gmail.com, Panevnyk Denis
Published: December 2021

This article analyzes the possibility of increasing the efficiency of using downhole jet pumps by swirling the injected flow. To analyze the peculiarities of the local swirling of injected flow, design and technological parameters in the form of the inclination angle of guiding elements, the diameter of the helical trajectory described by the fluid particles, and the flow rates of the swirling flow are studied. Based on the application of the conservation law of fluid momentum in adjacent jets with a parabolic pressure distribution, equations to determine the pressure characteristic of a jet pump are obtained, taking into account the additional dynamic pressure made by swirling the injected flow. In the process of analyzing the obtained relations, has been set the dependence of the relative pressure growth and the efficiency of the ejection system under the conditions of injected flow swirling on the relative flow rate of a jet pump, and an inversely proportional dependence of the above parameters on its main geometric parameter in the form of the ratio of cross-sectional areas of the mixing chamber and the nozzle.
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE SIMULATION OF THE OPERATION OF CONVENTIONAL SUCKER ROD PUMPING UNITS
Authors:   Universitatea Petrol-Gaze din Ploieşti, România, georgeta_tm@yahoo.com, Toma Georgeta
Published: December 2021

In the paper is presented a method for obtaining the variation during a cinematic cycle of the motor torque at the crankshaft in the case of the conventional sucker rod pumping units. The calculation method has been transposed into a computer program which allows establishing the influence of different constructive and operating parameters of the pumping units on the variation of the motor torque at the crankshaft. Finally, a series of results of the simulations performed in the case of a C-640D-305-120 pumping unit are presented.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA AFETIVIDADE DA FAMILIA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SÓCIO EMOCIONAL DA CRIANÇA NA ESCOLA
Authors: Rocha Magna Maria da Conceição , Vieira Maria Ranete de Almeida Peixoto
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho aborda a importância da família na escola apresentando-a como base essencial para o desenvolvimento dos educandos, objetivando discorrer sobre a importância dos familiares no processo educacional no âmbito escolar. Este artigo está fundamentado na pesquisa bibliográfica, na ótica de alguns teóricos de grande relevância para a educação do Brasil, ressaltando sobre um ponto de vista que abarca a relação entre a família e a escola. Essa produção acadêmica concentra consideráveis informações condizentes ao tema, possibilitando a compreensão acerca do surgimento da relação família e escola, bem como as relações afetivas, sócia emocionais e a participação ativa dos pais no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos educandos. Constata-se nessa pesquisa que a participação dos pais é imprescindível para o crescimento educacional dos filhos. Salientamos que quando existe a parceria entre família e escola o processo de ensino-aprendizagem toma uma proporção valiosa. Para sua realização contou-se com alguns teóricos, tais como: Henri Wallon, Paulo Freire, Sarnoski, Medeiros, dentre outros. Importante salientar que o trabalhou nos possibilitou entender a Importância da Família no âmbito escolar. Por tanto um trabalho significativo para os interessados na relação família/escola.
Development and evaluation of a new compact mechanism for aromatic oxidation in atmospheric models
Authors: Bates Kelvin H. , Jacob Daniel J. , Li Ke , Ivatt Peter D. , Evans Mat J. , Yan Yingying , Lin Jintai
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Aromatic hydrocarbons, including benzene, toluene, and xylenes, play an
important role in atmospheric chemistry, but the associated chemical mechanisms
are complex and uncertain. Sparing representation of this chemistry in models is
needed for computational tractability. Here, we develop a new compact mechanism
for aromatic chemistry (GC13) that captures current knowledge from laboratory
and computational studies with only 17 unique species and 44 reactions. We
compare GC13 to six other currently used mechanisms of varying complexity in
box model simulations of environmental chamber data and diurnal boundary layer
chemistry, and show that GC13 provides results consistent with or better than
more complex mechanisms for oxygenated products (alcohols, carbonyls,
dicarbonyls), ozone, and hydrogen oxide (HOx≡OH+HO2)
radicals. Specifically, GC13 features increased radical recycling and
increased ozone destruction from phenoxy–phenylperoxy radical cycling relative
to other mechanisms. We implement GC13 into the GEOS-Chem global chemical
transport model and find higher glyoxal yields and net ozone loss from
aromatic chemistry compared with other mechanisms. Aromatic oxidation in the
model contributes 23 %, 5 %, and 8 % of global
glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and formic acid production, respectively, and has mixed
effects on formaldehyde. It drives small decreases in global tropospheric OH
(−2.2 %), NOx (≡NO+NO2; −3.7 %), and
ozone (−0.8 %), but a large increase in NO3 (+22 %) from phenoxy–phenylperoxy radical cycling. Regional effects in
polluted environments can be substantially larger, especially from the photolysis
of carbonyls produced by aromatic oxidation, which drives large wintertime
increases in OH and ozone concentrations.
The spatiotemporal relationship between PM2.5 and aerosol optical depth in China: influencing factors and implications for satellite PM2.5 estimations using MAIAC aerosol optical depth
Authors: He Qingqing , Wang Mengya , Yim Steve Hung Lam
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Satellite aerosol retrievals have been a popular alternative to monitoring the surface-based PM2.5 concentration due to their extensive spatial
and temporal coverage. Satellite-derived PM2.5 estimations strongly rely on an accurate representation of the relationship between
ground-level PM2.5 and satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD). Due to the limitations of satellite AOD data, most studies have examined the
relationship at a coarse resolution (i.e., ≥ 10 km); thus, more effort is still needed to better understand the relationship between
“in situ” PM2.5 and AOD at finer spatial scales. While PM2.5 and AOD could have obvious temporal variations, few studies have
examined the diurnal variation in their relationship. Therefore, considerable uncertainty still exists in satellite-derived PM2.5
estimations due to these research gaps. Taking advantage of the newly released fine-spatial-resolution satellite AOD data derived from the Multi-Angle
Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) algorithm and real-time ground aerosol and PM2.5 measurements, this study explicitly
explored the relationship between PM2.5 and AOD as well as its plausible impact factors, including meteorological parameters and topography, in
mainland China during 2019, at various spatial and temporal scales. The coefficient of variation, the Pearson correlation coefficient and the slope of the linear
regression model were used. Spatially, stronger correlations mainly occurred in northern and eastern China, and the linear slope was larger on average in northern inland
regions than in other areas. Temporally, the PM2.5–AOD correlation peaked at noon and in the afternoon, and
reached a maximum in winter. Simultaneously, considering relative humidity (RH) and the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) in the relationship can
improve the correlation, but the effect of RH and the PBLH on the correlation varied spatially and temporally with respect to both strength and direction. In
addition, the largest correlation occurred at 400–600 m primarily in basin terrain such as the Sichuan Basin, the Shanxi–Shaanxi basins and the
Junggar Basin. MAIAC 1 km AOD can better represent the ground-level fine particulate matter in most domains with exceptions, such as in very
high terrain (i.e., Tibetan Plateau) and northern central China (i.e., Qinghai and Gansu). The findings of this study have useful implications for
satellite-based PM2.5 monitoring and will further inform the understanding of the aerosol variation and PM2.5 pollution status
of mainland China.
Reconstruction of signal phases for signals closer than the DFT frequency resolution
Authors: Schiffer Christian , Diewald Andreas R.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Radar signal processing is a promising tool for vital sign monitoring.
For contactless observation of breathing and heart rate a precise measurement of the distance between radar antenna and the patient's skin is required.
This results in the need to detect small movements in the range of 0.5 mm and below.
Such small changes in distance are hard to be measured with a limited radar bandwidth when relying on the frequency based range detection alone.
In order to enhance the relative distance resolution a precise measurement of the observed signal's phase is required.
Due to radar reflections from surfaces in close proximity to the main area of interest the desired signal of the radar reflection can get superposed.
For superposing signals with little separation in frequency domain the main lobes of their discrete Fourier transform (DFT) merge into a single lobe, so that their peaks cannot be differentiated.
This paper evaluates a method for reconstructing the phase and amplitude of such superimposed signals.
Developing of Algorithms Monitoring Heartbeat and Respiration Rate of a Seated Person with an FMCW Radar
Authors: Dirksmeyer Lorenz J. , Marnach Aly , Schmiech Daniel , Diewald Andreas R.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. With a radar working in the 24 GHz ISM-band in a frequency modulated continuous wave mode the major vital signs heartbeat and respiration rate are monitored. The observation is hereby contactless with the patient sitting straight up in a distance of 1–2 m to the radar. Radar and sampling platform are components developed internally in the university institution. The communication with the radar is handled with MATLAB via TCP/IP. The signal processing and real-time visualization is developed in MATLAB, too. Cornerstone of this publication are the wavelet packet transformation and a spectral frequency estimation for vital sign calculation. The wavelet transformation allows a fine tuning of frequency subspaces, separating the heartbeat signal from the respiration and more important from noise and other movement. Heartbeat and respiration are monitored independently and compared to parallel recorded ECG-data.
A Low-Power Squaring Circuit with Regulated Output and Improved Settling Time in 180 nm CMOS for 3–5 GHz IR-UWB Applications
Authors: Schrüfer Daniel , Röber Jürgen , Mai Timo , Weigel Robert
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This paper demonstrates a low-power squaring circuit for 3–5 GHz non-coherent Impulse-Radio Ultra-Wideband (IR-UWB) receivers for Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) in a low-cost 180 nm CMOS technology. The squaring, which is the key element in typical IR-UWB receivers, is performed exploiting the non-linear transfer function of a MOS transistor. For a high gain at low power consumption the transistor is biased in the moderate inversion region, where the second-order derivative of the transconductance gm and, as a result, the quadratic term in the transfer function reaches a maximum.
A control loop was implemented to set the dc output voltage to a defined value and thus to allow a comparison of the squarer output signal with a defined threshold voltage, which can easily be set and adjusted (e.g. by a DAC).
To speed up the settling time of the output and hence to reach higher data rates, a novel slew-rate booster is implemented at the output. Thereby, the squarer is capable of data rates of up to 15.6 Mbit s−1, which is more than two times higher compared to the circuit without the slew-rate booster, while only consuming 72.4 µW in addition.
In the extracted post-layout simulations the whole circuitry consumes 724 µA at a 1.8 V power supply, resulting in a power consumption of 1.3 mW.
Evaluation of surface processes in the PALM model system 6.0 for a real urban environment: a case study in Dejvice, Prague
Authors: Sühring Matthias , Resler Jaroslav , Krc Pavel
Published: December 2021

In recent years, the the Large-eddy simulation (LES) model PALM has been rapidly developed its capability to simulate physical processes within urban environments. For example, this includes energy-balance solvers for building and land surfaces, a radiative transfer model to account for multiple reflections and shading, a plant-canopy model to consider the effects of plants on flow (thermo-)dynamics, and a chemistry transport model, as well as nesting capabilities that enable “hot-spot” analysis, to name a few.

This contribution provides an evaluation of modeled meteorological as well as ground and wall-surface quantities against dedicated in-situ measurements taken in an urban environment in Dejvice, Prague. Measurements included monitoring of surface temperature and wall heat fluxes. Simulations were performed for multiple days during several summer and winter episodes, characterized by different atmospheric conditions. To consider time-evolving synoptic conditions, boundary conditions were obtained from mesoscale WRF simulations.

For the simulated episodes, the resulting temperature and wind speed within street canyons show a realistic representation of the observed state, except that the LES did not adequately capture night-time cooling near the surface in some scenarios. At most of the evaluation points, the simulated surface temperature reproduces the observed surface temperature reasonably well, for both, absolute and daily amplitude values. However, especially for the winter episodes and for modern buildings with multi-layer wall structure, the heat transfer through the walls is not well captured in some cases, leading to discrepancies between the modeled and observed wall-surface temperature. Moreover, we also show that the model performance with respect to the observations strongly depends on the accuracy of the input data. To name a few, this includes e.g. the prescribed initial soil moisture, the given leaf-area densities to account for correct shading, or if a facade is insulated or not. Additionally, we will point out current model limitations, particularly implications accompanied by the step-like topography on the Cartesian grid, or wide glass facades that are not fully represented in terms of radiative processes.

With our findings we are able to evaluate the representation of physical processes in PALM, while also pointing out specific shortcomings.
Das BMVI-Expertennetzwerk: Ressortforschung zur Anpassung von Verkehr und Infrastruktur an den Klimawandel und extreme Wetterereignisse
Authors: Klippel Lara , Hänsel Stephanie , Nilson Enno , Schade Nils , Lohrengel Anne-Farina , Herrmann Carina , Hache Ingo
Published: December 2021

Eine Forschungsinfrastruktur in der Wetter- und Klimaforschung ist das BMVI-Expertenwerk, in welchem sich sieben Bundesoberbehörden aus dem Ressort des BMVIs in einem Forschungsnetzwerk zusammengeschlossen haben, um gemeinsam die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels und die Folgen von extremen Wetterereignissen auf den Verkehrssektor zu untersuchen.

Die Forschungen haben das Ziel Verkehre und Infrastrukturen der Bundesfernstraßen, Bundeswasserstraßen und des Bundesschienennetzes zu identifizieren, die heute und zukünftig negativ von Änderungen klimatischer Randbedingungen betroffen sind. Dazu nutzt das Netzwerk für alle Verkehrsträger einheitliche Datengrundlagen, Szenarienannahmen sowie Auswertemethoden und entwickelt (Impakt)-Modelle, um Wirkungszusammenhänge zwischen Klimawandel und Betroffenheit der Verkehrsinfrastruktur zu bewerten. Zu den untersuchten Klimawirkungen zählen u.a. die Themen Sturm/Sturmwurf, Starkregen/Sturzfluten, Hochwasser, Niedrigwasser, Trockenheit/Böschungsbrände, Erosion, Massenbewegungen und Meeresspiegelanstieg/Tidedynamik. Darüber hinaus werden Anpassungsmaßnahmen entwickelt, um die Resilienz der Verkehrsträger gegenüber dem Klimawandel zu erhöhen.

Die Forschungen sind sehr praxisnah ausgelegt, d.h. Bedarfe der Infrastrukturbetreibenden (z. B. Deutsche Bahn) fließen in die Konzeption von Forschungsfragen ein und entwickelte Produkte werden wiederum über operationelle Dienste (DAS-Basisdienst „Klima und Wasser“) oder auf direktem Wege den Betreibenden zur Verfügung gestellt.

Das BMVI-Netzwerk vereinigt die Expertisen der Behörden Bundesamt für Güterverkehr (BAG), Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt), Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau (BAW), Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde (BfG), Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH), Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) und des Deutsche Zentrums für Schienenverkehrsforschung beim Eisenbahn-Bundesamt (DZSF/EBA). Den politischen Rahmen in Deutschland zur Anpassung des Verkehrssektors an den Klimawandel setzt die Deutsche Anpassungsstrategie (DAS) und das DAS-Handlungsfeld „Verkehr und Verkehrsinfrastruktur“.