bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Otsenka nadezhnosti kirpichnogo zdaniya na svainom fundamente v usloviyakh razvitiya neravnomernykh osadok [Reliability of brick building on pile foundation in relative settlement conditions]
Authors: Yushchube S. V. , Podshivalov I. I. , Tarasov A. A. , Lobanov A. A. , Lazarev V. M.
Published: February 2022

The paper studies an extended five-storey brick building on a pile foundation, subjected to significant deformation. The building reliability is assessed after the instrumented survey. During the building construction and operation, its spatial stiffness is broken with the crack formation in the walls and foundation frame due to an insufficient pile immersion in the gravel layer in difficult engineering and geological conditions. Due to accident technical conditions of the brick walls, the superstructure block is examined in the first phase. The second step includes the examination of the foundation frame and pile using bored pits. The MicroFe software is used for finite element modeling of the stress-strain state of the pile foundation and footing strength of the footing–foundation–building system. The obtained results allow assessing the building reliability and developing recommendations on the pile foundation serviceability.
Radioactive aerosols monitoring of the surface air near the Shelter object within 1998–2019
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Kalynovskyi O. K. , Krasnov V. O. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Filippov O. V. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The results of long-term monitoring (1998–2019) of radioactive aerosols (RA) in the surface air near the Shelter object (SO) during works on projects implementation on creation of the New Safe Confinement’s “Arch” (NSC) are presented. The composition of long-lived nuclides (LLN) in RA using for assessing the personnel radiation safety are included the following nuclides: Σα-LLN (238, 239, 240Pu, 241Am) and Σβ-LLN (137Cs, 90Sr+90Y, 241Pu). The average activity of Σ-LLN was about 17 mBq/m3 in the end of 1990th in the air near the SO. It was shown that the main decline of aerosol situation near the SO, when RA volumetric activity increased ten-fold as compared to the beginning of 2000s, was due to radioactive dust resuspension during technological works. First, during earthwork at building of foundation strips of the NSC in 2010. During this period, average annual volumetric activity of Σ-LLN was 80 mBq/m3 , and weekly maximum activity rose to 6 mBq/m3 for Σα-LLN and for ΣβLLN to 520 mBq/m3. Second, when dismantling concrete and metal structures of the Shelter object in 2016, average annual activity of Σ-LLN was 62 mBq/m3, and weekly maximum activity reached Σα-LLN — 18 mBq/m3 and Σβ-LLN — 1,400 mBq/m3. After the NSC commissioning the Σ-LLN volumetric activity in the air dropped to 0.8 mBq/m3 in 2019. It is shown that after 2010 in the RA of the surface air there is an increase in the activity of 137Cs, not associated with fuel particles, the average relative share of which in the beginning of 2000s was about 20%, in 2013 reached to 62%, and after 2017 was in the range of 50–55%.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS
Authors: Gustina Gustina
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dengan tiga pertemuan; Setiap siklus dalam penelitian ini meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Peneliti memilih 25 siswa kelas XII IPA 2 SMA N 1 Sitiung Semester 1 Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016 sebagai subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian siklus I, aktivitas siswa dalam mengikuti penjelasan materi mencapai 77,33%, menjawab soal dan menyelesaikan soal pada soal latihan 61,33% dan keaktifan siswa menjawab soal pada diskusi kelas 54,67%, tetapi rendah pada kegiatan diskusi kelompok yang hanya mencapai 37,33%. Sedangkan pada siklus II masing-masing indikator aktivitas belajar siswa meningkat, aktivitas mengikuti pembelajaran 84%, berdiskusi berkelompok mencapai 74,67%, berpartisipasi dalam menjawab dan memecahkan soal latihan soal mencapai 88% dan menjawab soal dalam diskusi kelas 62,67 %. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD pada siswa kelas XII IPA2 SMA N 1 Sitiung dapat meningkatkan aktivitas pembelajaran Matematika.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS BERBICARA SISWA PADA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA MELALUI MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DI KELAS XI IPS 3 SMAN 1 SITIUNG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016/2017
Authors: Hilda Hilda
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah kemampuan berbicara siswa dapat ditingkatkan melalui media audio visual. Penelitian ini melibatkan siswa kelas XI IPS 3 SMA Negeri I Sitiung semester I Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017 dan seorang guru Bahasa Indonesia sebagai pengamat. Peneliti melakukan observasi awal dengan mewawancarai beberapa siswa dan mengamati kondisi sebelum melakukan penelitian. Penelitian ini merupakan kelanjutan dari peningkatan kemampuan berbicara siswa dengan berbagai model. Dari hasil obeservasi awal diketahui bahwa kemampuan berbicara siswa kurang baik, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus. Pada siklus I, peneliti menemukan hasil obeservasi yang kurang baik dan proses pembelajaran yang kurang efektif. Peneliti melanjutkan kegiatan penelitian pada siklus kedua. Dari pengamatan selama siklus II, terlihat bahwa kemampuan berbicara siswa meningkat lebih baik dari siklus I.
PRAKTIKALITAS PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS PETA KONSEP PADA MATA KULIAH TEORI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA DAN IBM MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PBSI FKIP UMSB
Authors: Irfadila Mimi Sri
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat tingkat kepraktisan dan keefektifan bahan ajar Teori Pembelajaran Bahasa dan IBM yang dikembangkan berdasarkan peta konsep. Tujuan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan pengembangan analisis masalah dan teori pembelajaran bahasa. Dengan demikian, hasil belajar mata kuliah Teori Pembelajaran Bahasa dan IBM dapat diselesaikan. Metode penelitian ini tergolong penelitian pengembangan dengan model McKenny yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu premilinary, prototype, dan assessment. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester genap Program Studi PBSI tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Instrumen penelitian meliputi lembar / pedoman wawancara, lembar validari bahan ajar, angket, dan tes hasil belajar. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis pendahuluan (validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan bahan ajar. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mereduksi, menyajikan, dan menarik kesimpulan (untuk data kualitatif), kemudian menganalisis keabsahan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan bahan ajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepraktisan bahan ajar rata-rata menurut ahli yaitu 75% pada kategori praktis.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ROLE PLAY DI KELAS XII IPA 2 SMA N 1 SITIUNG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2015/2016
Authors: Kartini Tri
Published: February 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah kemampuan berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris siswa dapat ditingkatkan melalui Model Roleplay. Siswa kelas XII IPA 2 SMA Negeri I Sitiung Semester I Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016 sebagai subjek penelitian dan seorang guru Bahasa Inggris sebagai pengamat. Peneliti melakukan observasi awal dengan mewawancarai beberapa siswa dan mengamati kondisi sebelum melakukan penelitian. Dari hasil observasi pendahuluan diketahui bahwa kemampuan berbicara siswa kurang baik sehingga diperlukan penelitian. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus. Pada siklus pertama, peneliti menemukan bahwa 40% siswa mampu berbahasa Inggris. Sedangkan pada siklus II 84% siswa sudah mampu berbahasa Inggris. Dari hasil ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui Role Play dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN GURU DALAM KEHADIRAN MENGAJAR MELALUI REWARD AND PUNISHMENT DI SMP NEGERI 1 KECAMATAN PAYAKUMBUH SEMESTER 2 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Guntur Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Guru yang disiplin sangat diperlukan untuk melahirkan generasi penerus bangsa yang berilmu pengetahuan dan berkepribadian yang baik. Agar kedisiplinan guru dalam mengajar, maka diadakannya pemberian reward and punishmen. Masalah yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah melalui reward and punishment oleh kepala sekolah dapat meningkatkan kedisiplinan guru dalam kehadiran mengajar di SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Payakumbuh Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019? Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pelaksanan reward and punishment oleh kepala sekolah untuk meningkatkan kedisiplinan guru dalam kehadiran mengajar di SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Payakumbuh Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dan dilaksanakan sebanyak dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus dilaksanakan dalam dua kali pertemuan. Tahapan setiap siklus adalah perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subyek pada penelitian ini adalah guru di SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Payakumbuh sebanyak 44 orang ASN. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari 25 Mei sampai 10 Juni 2019. Berdasarkan analisis data diketahui bahwa terjadi peningkatan kedisiplinan guru dalam kehadiran mengajar melalui reward and punishment di SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Payakumbuh semester 2 tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM MERANCANG RPP MELALUI BIMBINGAN BERKALA DI SMPN 3 KECAMATAN LAREH SAGO HALABAN SEMESTER 1 TP. 2019/2020
Authors: Harnieti Harnieti
Published: February 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan tentang peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam merancang RPP melalui penggunaan metode bimbingan berkala di SMPN 3 Kecamatan Lareh Sago Halaban Semester 1 TP. 2019/2020.Subjek penelitian adalah guru-guru yang belum mampu merancang RPP yang baik dan berkualitas, dengan jumlah 5 orang, yaitu laki-laki sebanyak 1 orang dan perempuan 4 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah yang dilaksanakan sebanyak 3 siklus, dan masing-masing siklus dilaksanakan selama 3 kali pertemuan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi langsung dan didampingi oleh teman sejawat sebagai observer dengan menggunakan lembar observasi, jurnal lapangan dan instrument penilaian RPP. Kemudian hasil pengamatan akan dianalisis dengan melihat peningkatannya dalam setiap siklus. Pada siklus 1 rata-rata kompetensi guru merancang RPP sebesar 67, 27%. Pada Siklus 2 meningkat menjadi 76,97%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam merancang RPP dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2 sebesar 9,7%. Sementara kompetensi guru merancang RPP dari siklus 2 ke siklus 3, juga terjadi peningkatan. Pada siklus 2 kompetensi guru merancang RPP sebesar 76, 97%, sementara pada siklus 3 menjadi 88, 48%. Maka terjadi penigkatan sekitar 11,22%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode bimbingan berkala dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam merancang RPP di SMPN 3 Kecamatan Lareh Sago Halaban semester 1 TP. 2019/2020.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS DESKRIPSI MELALUI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DENGAN METODE MIND MAPPING
Authors: Suryani Wilda
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Latar belakang penelitian adalah tingkat keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi peserta didik umumnya rendah. Subyek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas VII.A SMP Negeri 5 Kecamatan Lareh Sago Halaban. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Semester Ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan catatan lapangan. Data kuantitaif yang berupa hasil belajar menulis teks deskripsi diperoleh melalui latihan atau tugas. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa penggunaan pendekatan saintifik dengan metode mind mapping dapat meningkatkan keterampilan peserta didik dalam menulis teks deskripsi secara signifikan.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI
Authors: Neti Soprina Yendrita
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Team Achievemen Division (STAD) pada siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Talamau Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan penelitian Posttest-Only Control Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas X SMKN I Talamau. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 2 kelas, deambil dengan teknik random sampling, kelas X ATP1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas APH sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen penelitian ini berupa seperangkat tes. Data dianalisis dengan uji t. Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh thitung = 2,23 dan ttabel = 1,70 pada taraf nyata 0,05, berarti hipotesis diterima pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) pada kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Talamau Kabupaten Pasaman Barat.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR- SHARE DI KELAS VII.C SMPN 1 KECAMATAN LAREH SAGO HALABAN
Authors: Ifriani Ifriani
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya permasalahan dalam pembelajaran bahasa inggris. Dari sisi guru, guru lebih banyak menggunakan bahasa ibu (bahasa daerah) selama proses belajar-mengajar, penyusunan perencanaan mengajar, media pengajaran, memilih metoda mengajar yang tepat, dan terbatasnya  waktu untuk mengajar. Selanjutnya, dari sisi siswa, seperti permasalahan kurangnya rasa percaya diri, terbatasnya kosa kata, penguasaan tata bahasa yang minim, pengucapan kata dan intonasi yang kurang tepat, malu untuk berbicara bahasa Inggris dan rendahnya motivasi mereka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui  peningkatan keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris siswa melalui Pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share di kelas VII.C SMPN 1 Kec. Lareh Sago Halaban. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK).  PTK ini dilaksanakan di SMPN 1 Kec. Lareh Sago Halaban. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di semester 2 tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.  Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII.C SMP Negeri 1 Kec. Lareh Sago Halaban yang berjumlah 28 siswa yang terdiri dari 11 orang laki-laki dan 17 orang siswa perempuan.  Pada prasiklus tingkat kemampuan berbicara siswa yang tuntas 10 orang (35,72%) sedangkan yang tidak tuntas 18 orang (64,28 %). Pada siklus I tingkat kemampuan berbicara siswa yaitu 16 orang siswa ( 64,28% ) sudah tuntas dan 12 orang siswa (35,72 %) dinyatakan belum tuntas. Pada siklus II, tingkat kemampuan berbicara 24 orang siswa (85,71%) sudah tuntas dan 4 orang siswa (14,29 %) dinyatakan belum tuntas. Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share  (TPS) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas VII.C SMP Negeri 1 Lareh Sago Halaban.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING TERHADAP HASIL DAN KETUNTASAN BELAJAR BIOLOGI PADA SISWA SMA NEGERI I BONJOL KABUPATEN PASAMAN
Authors: Khaharman Yendrita
Published: February 2022

Proses pembelajaran dapat memberikan hasil belajar yang lebih memuaskan, jika dilakukan dengan pembelajaran yang memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk menemukan sendiri konsep dari apa yang dipelajarinya. Namun demikian, proses pembelajaran masih ada yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan ekspositori melalui metode ceramah. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan guru dalam rangka meningkatkan pembelajaran adalah dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Inkuiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran inkuiri dalam pembelajaran biologi terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas X SMA N 1 Bonjol. Jenis penelitian adalah quasi eksperiment. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMA N 1 Bonjol. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive random sampling, yang dipilih menjadi kelas eksperimen adalah X2, sedangkan kelas kontrol adalah X8. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes objektif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji t`. Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh t`hitung = 6,60 t₁ = 1,70 t₂= 1,70. Sehingga hipotesis yang diajukan diterima pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari penggunaan model pembelajaran inkuiri terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas X SMA N 1 Bonjol Kabupaten Pasaman Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017.
PROBLEMATIKA HUKUM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Oktapani Silm , Ardiansah Ardiansah
Published: February 2022

The existence of garbage is a very serious matter in Pekanbaru City, with the increasing population resulting in an increase in the amount of waste produced every day. It is a concern for the Pekanbaru City Government to be able to overcome the problems that are increasing day by day. Regional Regulation Number 8 of 2014 concerning waste management is the basis for the implementation of the waste management policy. This study aims to see what are the legal problems for waste management in Pekanbaru City. The sociological law method is a method in this research to see how the law enforcement process is and how the law is enforced in society. The difficulty of changing people's habits in sorting organic and inorganic waste has made the waste management process unable to run optimally, and the lack of waste transport fleets is also one of the problems in waste management. The importance of the optimal role of the Pekanbaru City Government to the waste bank as an organization that helps the Pekanbaru City Government in its efforts to save money.
Ultrasound-guided cervical selective nerve block: A case series
Authors: Dernek Bahar , Ulusoy İbrahim , Aydoğmuş Suavi , Duymuş Tahir Mutlu , Kesiktaş Fatma Nur , Dıraçoğlu Demirhan
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Cervical radiculopathy is characterized by pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness, mostly in an affected extremity, reflecting compression of a nerve in the neck is compressed or irritated where it emerges from the spinal cord. Diagnosis requires a detailed anamnesis, physical examination, and imaging. Physical therapy, exercise, medical therapy, and injections are the preferred treatments, but injections into the cervical region are only indicated if conservative treatment is ineffective. OBJECTIVE: This study explored the utility of selective cervical nerve root blocks (SNRBs) performed at various levels under ultrasound guidance (USG). METHODS: We evaluated patients diagnosed with cervical radiculopathy via physical examination and magnetic resonance imaging from November 2019 to March 2020. We included those who did not respond to conservative treatment and therefore received SNRBs at various levels. Sixty-three patients were evaluated over 6 months in terms of pain, functional status, and complications. RESULTS: We retrospectively evaluated patients with cervical herniated discs who received SNRBs at various levels between C4–7 under USG. Pain and functional status improved in month 1 and was maintained until at least month 6. CONCLUSION: SNRB injections performed under USG effectively treated pain and poor functional status in selected patients. The procedure is safe (especially) for patients who do not respond to conservative treatment.
Multi-OMICs data analysis identifies molecular features correlating with tumor immunity in colon cancer
Authors: Elsayed Inas , Elsayed Nazik , Feng Qiushi , Sheahan Kieran , Moran Bruce , Wang Xiaosheng
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: There is a current need for new markers with higher sensitivity and specificity to predict immune status and optimize immunotherapy use in colon cancer. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the multi-OMICs features associated with colon cancer immunity and response to immunotherapy. METHODS: We evaluated the association of multi-OMICs data from three colon cancer datasets (TCGA, CPTAC2, and Samstein) with antitumor immune signatures (CD8+ T cell infiltration, immune cytolytic activity, and PD-L1 expression). Using the log-rank test and hierarchical clustering, we explored the association of various OMICs features with survival and immune status in colon cancer. RESULTS: Two gene mutations (TERT and ERBB4) correlated with antitumor cytolytic activity found also correlated with improved survival in immunotherapy-treated colon cancers. Moreover, the expression of numerous genes was associated with antitumor immunity, including GBP1, GBP4, GBP5, NKG7, APOL3, IDO1, CCL5, and CXCL9. We clustered colon cancer samples into four immuno-distinct clusters based on the expression levels of 82 genes. We have also identified two proteins (PREX1 and RAD50), ten miRNAs (hsa-miR-140, 146, 150, 155, 342, 59, 342, 511, 592 and 1977), and five oncogenic pathways (CYCLIN, BCAT, CAMP, RB, NRL, EIF4E, and VEGF signaling pathways) significantly correlated with antitumor immune signatures. CONCLUSION: These molecular features are potential markers of tumor immune status and response to immunotherapy.
Associations Between Brainstem Volume and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology in Middle-Aged Individuals of the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Jacobs Heidi I.L. , O’Donnell Adrienne , Satizabal Claudia L. , Lois Cristina , Kojis Daniel , Hanseeuw Bernard J. , Thibault Emma , Sanchez Justin S. , Buckley Rachel F. , Yang Qiong , DeCarli Charles , Killiany Ron , Sargurupremraj Muralidharan , Sperling Reisa A. , Johnson Keith A. , Beiser Alexa S. , Seshadri Sudha
Published: February 2022

The brainstem is among the first regions to accumulate Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related hyperphosphorylated tau pathology during aging. We aimed to examine associations between brainstem volume and neocortical amyloid-β or tau pathology in 271 middle-aged clinically normal individuals of the Framingham Heart Study who underwent MRI and PET imaging. Lower volume of the medulla, pons, or midbrain was associated with greater neocortical amyloid burden. No associations were detected between brainstem volumes and tau deposition. Our results support the hypothesis that lower brainstem volumes are associated with initial AD-related processes and may signal preclinical AD pathology.
Relationship Between Plasma Lipopolysaccharides, Gut Microbiota, and Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Saji Naoki , Saito Yoshihiro , Yamashita Tomoya , Murotani Kenta , Tsuduki Tsuyoshi , Hisada Takayoshi , Sugimoto Taiki , Niida Shumpei , Toba Kenji , Sakurai Takashi
Published: February 2022

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated associations between gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and cognitive decline. However, relationships between these factors and lipopolysaccharides (LPS; molecules of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria) remain controversial. Objective: To evaluate associations between plasma LPS, gut microbiota, and cognitive function. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional sub-analysis of data of 127 participants (women: 58%, mean age: 76 years) from our prospective cohort study regarding the relationship between gut microbiota and cognitive function. We enrolled patients who visited our memory clinic and assessed demographics, dementia-related risk factors, cognitive function, brain imaging, gut microbiomes, and microbial metabolites. We evaluated relationships between cognitive decline and plasma LPS using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: Plasma LPS concentration increased with increasing degree of cognitive decline and total cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) score (Kruskal-Wallis test; p = 0.016 and 0.007, respectively). Participants with high plasma LPS concentrations tended to have lower concentrations of gut microbial metabolites, such as lactic acid and acetic acid, and were less likely to consume fish and shellfish (44.7% versus 69.6%, p = 0.027) than those with low plasma LPS concentrations. Multivariable analyses revealed that plasma LPS concentration was independently associated with the presence of mild cognitive impairment in participants without dementia (odds ratio: 2.09, 95% confidence interval: 1.14–3.84, p = 0.007). Conclusion: In this preliminary study, plasma LPS concentration was associated with both cognitive decline and cerebral SVD and significantly correlated with beneficial gut microbial metabolites. Plasma LPS may be a risk factor for cognitive decline.
Serum Levels of α-Klotho Are Correlated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels and Predict Measures of Cognitive Function
Authors: Kundu Payel , Zimmerman Benjamin , Quinn Joseph F. , Kaye Jeffrey , Mattek Nora , Westaway Shawn K. , Raber Jacob
Published: February 2022

Background: α-klotho might play a role in neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: To determine levels of α-klotho and apoE in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples and their relationship with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). Methods: All subjects were between age 39 to 83+ (n = 94). CDR and MMSE were administered to all participants. CSF was collected in the early afternoon by lumbar puncture. Results: Serum and CSF levels of α-klotho are positively correlated and both predict scores on the MMSE and CDR, regardless of sex or apoE4 status. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that α-klotho may be an important biomarker of cognitive health and neurodegeneration, and that relatively non-invasive sampling of α-klotho from serum is likely highly reflective of CSF levels.
Fingerprints of Climate Change from the Indian Himalayan Environment: Need to Inculcate in Environment Education for Schools and Colleges
Authors: Puri Kanchan , Manoharan N. , Arthur James R. , Senthil Vel A. , Joshi Ritesh
Published: February 2022

Himalayas are the youngest mountain range in the world that are experiencing the implications of climate change occurring at the local and regional levels. This does not only affect the ecologically diverse natural landscapes in the Himalayan region but also disrupts the natural habitats and distribution of species. The synthesis of the available literature indicates that abrupt changes in climate, especially at higher elevations are affecting the natural distribution of plant and animal taxa. The unpredictable movement of wildlife beyond their natural ranges underpin disturbances under micro climatic conditions and alteration of environmental niches. Though upslope movement of quite a few species has been observed, the extent to which these can be attributed to climate change is not clearly known. Considering the fingerprints of climate change in the Indian Himalaya, which has been considered as an ecological fragile landscape, there is a need to revisit and restructure our priorities for wildlife conservation. Moreover, monitoring species’ responses over time and documenting indigenous knowledge of local communities would strengthen our actions in addressing the impacts of climate change. Furthermore, by adding climate change education in the school system, considering it to be mandatory, can be remedied only by providing appropriate knowledge and through a structured training programme on climate change mitigation and adaptation process.
Spatio-temporal Trend Determination of Temperature and Rainfall for Climate Change and Variability in Assam State, India
Authors: Begum Asfika , Mahanta Ratul
Published: February 2022

The effect of climate change differs significantly from region to region and it becomes pertinent to ascertain whether the characteristics of major components such as temperature and rainfall have been changing on the regional scale too. In this context, the present study mainly aims to investigate whether there are spatio-temporal changes in temperature and rainfall in Assam and if so, to what extent these changes have been happening. Both parametric and non-parametric methods have been used to study climate change and variability. The study finds that there is a significant increase in annual minimum temperature than the annual maximum temperature in Assam. The fluctuations in annual minimum temperature as shown by the coefficient of variation are also more than the annual maximum temperature. Though the rainfall trend is not significant, the decreasing trend of rainfall in most of the stations during the monsoon season prevails in Assam.
A Long Term Observation of Meteorological Influence on COVID-19 Pandemic Spread in Malaysia – A Case Study
Authors: Lloyd Barry Ngumbang , Viswanathan Prasanna Mohan
Published: February 2022

This study aims to investigate the relationship between meteorological parameters and the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic spread in every state in Malaysia. This study uses the secondary data of COVID-19, meteorology parameters, including AQI from the Ministry of Health Malaysia, NASA POWER Data Access Viewer, and Air Quality Historical Data Platform webpage, respectively. The parameters included in this study are daily cases, daily deaths, total daily cases, total daily deaths, temperature (T) (°), relative humidity (RH) (%), wind speed (WS) (m/s), precipitation (P) (mm), dew point (DP) (°), and air quality index (AQI) (API) during Movement Control Order (MCO), Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO), and Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO) phases. Statistical analyses such as Pearson’s correlation, factor analysis, and factor score were used for data analysis and interpretation. Overall, T, WS, P, and DP are significant parameters to the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia. Every lockdown phase is influenced by different meteorological parameters. The correlation analysis revealed that meteorological parameters had a significant impact on the COVID-19 outbreak in Johor, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, and W.P. Kuala Lumpur. The study also reveals that the optimal ranges of T (26.5 ° - 28.5 °), RH (78% - 87%), WS (1.4 m/s – 2.7 m/s), P (6 mm - 11 mm), and DP (23.8 ° - 24.75 °) influenced the COVID-19 outbreak irrespective of states and MCOs. However, API (<50 API) favours lesser COVID-19 outbreaks in the country. The HYSPLIT trajectory model was also used to study the backward air mass movement to identify the sources of air pollutants reaching the selected states (W.P. Kuala Lumpur and Sabah). The results revealed that the source of air pollutants was from multiple directions, with mixed contributions from the land and ocean. The attempt to observe the influence of local climatic patterns on the pandemic has revealed that short term climate change in the country is significant which may support the COVID-19 spread. The research outcome would be helpful to understand the role of meteorology in the long-term effect of COVID-19 spread in Malaysia. This study also helps the health policymakers, Malaysian Government, and NGOs to curb the spread in the next episode of COVID-19 and other related pandemics.
Mixture distribution based real-coded crossover: A hybrid probabilistic approach for global optimization
Authors: ul Haq Ehtasham , Ahmad Ishfaq , Hussain Abid , Almanjahie Ibrahim M.
Published: February 2022

In the present simulation-based study, a novel parent-centric real-coded crossover operator is introduced with a unique probabilistic aspect of the mixture distribution. Moreover, the mixture distribution is a co-integration of double Pareto and Laplace probability distributions with various parameters. The key objective of the newly proposed methodology is to obtained optimal solutions for complex multimodal optimization problems. Hence, for its global comparison, the newly proposed mixture distribution crossover operator (MDX) is compared with double Pareto (DPX), Laplace (LX), and simulated binary (SBX) crossover operators within the conjunction of three mutation operators (MTPM, PM, and NUM). After a descriptive comparison, a Quade multiple comparison test is also administered to examine its statistical significance. Furthermore, the performance of the genetic algorithm (GA) is also examined on a set of twenty-one unconstraint benchmark functions with diverse features. The empirical results of the simulation-based study reveal that the mixture-based crossover operator obtained a substantial dominance over all considered crossover operators in terms of computational complexity, robustness, scalability, and capability of exploration and exploitation. Moreover, the Quade multiple comparison test also showed a significant superiority with graphical authentication of the performance index (PI).
A collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm based on fuzzy C-means clustering
Authors: Zhong Ying , Huang Chenze , Li Qi
Published: February 2022

With the rapid growth of data scale, the problems of collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm are more and more obvious, such as data sparsity, cold start, scalability, and the change of user interest over time. About the existing problems, we introduce the fuzzy clustering and propose a collaborative filtering algorithm based on fuzzy C-means clustering. The algorithm performs fuzzy clustering on the item attribute information to make items belonging to different categories in different membership degree, increases the data density, effectively reduces the data sparsity, and solves the issue that the inaccuracy of similarity leads to the low recommendation accuracy. Meanwhile, the algorithm introduces the time weight function. Different evaluation times give different time weight values, and recently evaluated items are more representative of the user current interest, so we give a higher weight value, and early evaluated items have less effect on the user current interest, thus the weight value are relatively lower. The experimental results show that our algorithm can effectively alleviate the data sparsity problem and time migration of users preferences, thus achieve better performance.
Tackling the fuzzy multi-objective linear fractional problem using a parametric approach
Authors: Borza Mojtaba , Rambely Azmin Sham
Published: February 2022

Finding efficient solutions for the multi-objective linear fractional programming problem (MOLFPP) is a challenging issue in optimization because more than one target has to be taken into account. For the problem, we face the concept of efficient solutions which is an infinite set especially when the objectives are in conflict. Since a classical method generally comes out with only one efficient solution, thus introducing new efficient approaches is helpful and beneficial for the decision makers to make their decisions according to more possibilities. In this paper, we aim to consider the MOLFPP with fuzzy coefficients (FMOLFPP) where the concept of α - cuts is utilized so as to transform the fuzzy numbers into closed intervals and rank the fuzzy numbers as well. Consequently, the fuzzy problem is changed into an interval valued multi-objective linear fractional programming problem (IV-MOLFPP). Subsequently, the IV-MOLFPP is further changed into linear programming problems (LPPs) using a parametric approach, weighted sum and max-min methods. It is demonstrated that the solution obtained is at least a weakly ɛ - efficient solution, where the value of ɛ helps a decision maker (DM) to make his decision appropriately i.e. DMs chose more likely the solutions with the lowest value of ɛ. Numerical examples are solved to illustrate the method and comparison are made to show the accuracy, and the reliability of the proposed solutions.
IELTS translation education corpus construction based on bilingual non-parallel data model
Authors: Zhou Qiaoling
Published: February 2022

With the rapid development of intelligent technology, IELTS translation education has gradually explored a brand-new education model. In order to solve the problems of small scale, slow speed and incomplete domain of the traditional bilingual parallel corpus machine translation, we construct an IELTS translation education corpus based on bilingual non-parallel data model, which can be used to train Moses, an IELTS translation education machine translation model, for better aids of translation education. In the process of construction, parallel sentence pairs are extracted from non-parallel corpus by using the translation retrieval framework represented by word graph, and a translation retrieval model based on bilingual non-parallel data is constructed. The experimental results of training Moses translation model with elementary IELTS translation corpus show that the bilingual non-parallel data model constructed in this paper has good translation retrieval performance. Compared with existing algorithms, the BLEU value extracted from parallel sentence pairs is increased by 2.58. Therefore, the proposed algorithm and corpus will do favor for the machine translation of IELTS. In addition, the retrieval method based on the structure of translation option word graph proposed in this paper is time-efficient and has better performance and efficiency in assisting IELTS translation education.
Multimodal biometric identification system with deep learning based feature level fusion using maximum orthogonal method
Authors: Shende Priti , Dandawate Yogesh
Published: February 2022

Multimodal Biometrics are used to developed the robust system for Identification. Biometric such as face, fingerprint and palm vein are used for security purposes. In this Proposed System, Convolutional neural network is used for recognizing the image features. Convolutional neural networks are complex feed forward neural networks used for image classification and recognition due to its high accuracy rate. Convolutional neural network extracts the features of face, fingerprint and palm vein. Feature level fusion is done at Rectified linear unit layer. Maximum orthogonal component method is used for Fusion. In Maximum orthogonal component method, prominent features of biometrics are considered and fused together. This method helps to improve the recognition rates. Database are self-generated using these biometrics. Training and Testing is done using 4500 images of face, fingerprint and palm vein. Performance parameters are improved by this technique. The experimental results are better than conventional methods.
The use of rhythmic auditory stimulation for functional gait disorder: A case report
Authors: Hebb Caitlin , Raynor Geoffrey , Perez David L. , Nappi-Kaehler Jill , Polich Ginger
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Functional gait disorders (FGD) are a common and disabling condition. Consensus-based rehabilitation techniques for treating FGD and other functional neurological disorder presentations at large utilize a variety of therapeutic strategies, including distraction, novel approaches to movement, entrainment, stress/hypervigilance modulation, and psychotherapy. CASE REPORT: Here we present a case of a 24-year-old woman with a complex history of anxiety, depression, left frontal astrocytoma, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and FGD. During a multidisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation stay for FGD, the patient underwent rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) delivered by a neurologic music therapist in conjunction with physical therapy, occupational therapy, and psychotherapy. RESULTS: The RAS intervention appeared to play a significant role in symptom resolution for this patient. Improvement in the patient’s truncal displacement, foot dragging, and well as overall gait speed occurred following serial RAS trials performed over a single treatment session. Benefits persisted immediately following the intervention and upon subsequent reassessment. Although at four-year follow-up the patient’s FGD symptoms remained resolved, fatigue continued to limit her ambulatory capacity and overall endurance. CONCLUSION: RAS represents a unique therapeutic approach for treating FGD, complementary to existing consensus-based rehabilitation recommendations, and may warrant further consideration by the field.
An anisotropic damage model combined with a tracking algorithm for modelling crack propagation
Authors: Yun Wi-Ryong , Yun Kumchol , Kim Kukjin
Published: February 2022

The development of a simple and efficient methodologies for numerically analyzing the material fracture process is very important in the field of computational mechanics. Damage mechanics approaches are still applied to fracture numerical analyses of many engineering practice problems. This paper focuses on the numerical prediction of crack propagation and fracture behavior by the combination of anisotropic damage model and tracking algorithm. In general, anisotropic damage models may be misunderstood to be used only in the simulations of anisotropic materials. However, it can be used for the anisotropic stiffness matrix induced by the crack plane in damaged isotropic materials. Although it is well known that the anisotropic damage model is superior to the isotropic damage model in fracture simulations, most of studies have combined the isotropic damage model and tracking algorithm, and few studies combine the anisotropic damage model and tracking algorithm. The issues of successfully combining the anisotropic damage model and crack tracking algorithm are addressed in this study. The anisotropic damage model is improved and a local tracking algorithm based on crack surface discretization is also modified. Various crack propagation problems are analyzed numerically to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed approach.
PUBLIC SPACES AS A TOOL FOR URBAN ENVIRONMENT RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Kyselov Volodymyr , Kyselovа Ganna
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the study of public urban spaces as a catalyst for the reconstruction of the urban environment. The article analyzes scientific works devoted to the study of sustainable development of the urban environment, the reconstruction of urban areas and the creation of public spaces. The examples from the world experience of creating public spaces during the reconstruction of the urban environment are given and analyzed. Creation and humanization of public spaces as objects of social and communication activity of the population using new technologies in architecture, landscape and light-color design, necessary to create an architectural environment that is comfortable in terms of ecological, functional and aesthetic characteristics.

The creation of public spaces during the reconstruction of urban areas contributes to the economic process of updating the subject-spatial environment, taking into account new social and urban planning requirements and the formation of a comfortable urban environment.
STRATEGY PROGRAMS OF TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT OF RESORTS, RECREATION AND TOURISM IN UKRAINE
Authors: Panchenko Tamara
Published: February 2022

Experience of territory planning schemes of development resorts, recreational and tourism rones in Ukraine (1960-2001 years) has been analized. Strategy talks for reformation of systems resorts, recreational and tourism rones at the state, regional and local levels have been characterized.
NUMERICAL VALUES OF REJECTIVE AND REFERENCE INDICATORS OF ERGONOMIC PROPERTIES OF SPACE OF SUITABLE APARTMENTS
Authors: Lisnychenko Serhii
Published: February 2022

According to the general algorithm of the first theoretical stage the basic principles of formulation of reference, basic and defective values of indicators of properties of town-planning quality of life and their categories according to requirements of regulatory documentation in the field of construction and results of expert estimations which in turn give possibility of definition of numerical values and substantiation of characteristics defective, reference and basic indicators of simple properties of a residential building, in particular the properties of ergonomics of the space of ancillary premises of apartments.

Categories and methods for determining the defective, basic and reference indicators of a residential building according to the content of the relevant properties are divided into: 

- without physical units of measurement and regulation by normative documentation;

- without physical units of measurement (or with complex units of measurement) with regulation by normative documentation;

- with physical units of measurement without regulation by normative documentation;

- with physical units of measurement and regulation by normative documentation.

Based on the analysis of regulatory documentation, documentary data and expert assessment, the numerical values and justification of the characteristics of defective, reference and basic indicators of simple properties of ergonomics of the space of ancillary premises of apartments are determined.

Further research will focus on the definition of numerical values and substantiation of the characteristics of defective, reference and basic indicators of the external environment of the house, in accordance with the developed range of properties of urban quality of life.
ECOLOGICAL REVITALIZATION ASPECTS OF ABANDONED INDUSTRIAL TERRITORIES AS A WAY OF STABILIZING THE ECOLOGICAL SITUATION ON POST-SOCIALIST KIEV SPACE
Authors: Osypenko Kateryna , Tarabanova Yuliia
Published: February 2022

In the XXI century, the city began to lose its appeal to people: the accumulation of elements of the artificial material world in the form of buildings and structures, increasing the number of abandoned industrial areas, the sharp deterioration of the environmental situation contributes to anti-urban trends and urban depression. Today there is an urgent problem of harmonization of human life and society in relation to the natural environment, so began to emerge architectural trends and currents, the main concept of which - unity with nature. But for the implementation of such projects aimed at stabilizing the ecological situation of the urban environment, the need for development of new territories has increased. In these conditions, the interest of depressed industrial urban enterprises is understandable, which can be fully included in the architectural environment of the city and adapted to the needs of modern society. Revitalization has become an important component of the new paradigm of renewal of the territorial space of Kyiv as a post-socialist city.

It is established that in modern cities there are almost no free territories that could be used to increase the area of public spaces, landscaping and the formation of landscape and recreational areas. Attention began to attract degraded industrial areas - areas of the city, which under the influence of social, economic, political factors have lost their purpose, are not used for their original purpose and are abandoned. Former industrial areas have great urban potential. And the secondary use of degraded industrial buildings with the subsequent eco-revitalization of the surrounding space helps to simultaneously solve the problematic issues of economy, ecology and aesthetics in the process of city life.

The article considers the concept of "ecorevitalization" as one of the elements of sustainable urban development policy aimed at preventing the development of urban areas, development of social and economic activities, ecological improvement of the environment and analyzes the ways of ecorevitation. It is established that landscaping is a search for ways to integrate wildlife with the artificial environment of human life.