bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma in a Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Gopinath Divya , Beena V. T. , Sugirtharaj G. , Vidhyadharan K. , Salmanul Faris K. , Kumar Sajai J.
Published: May 2013

The presence of chronic renal disease (CRD) is a predisposing factor for the occurrence of soft and hard tissue lesions in the oral cavity. The cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF) is an uncommon benign fibroosseous lesion composed of fibrocellular component and calcified materials like cementum and woven bone. A 37-year-old female patient undergoing chronic haemodialysis reported to our institution with a complaint of slow growing, nontender swelling of mandible of 6-month duration. Computed tomography disclosed an ill-defined lesion showing thinning and expansion of buccal as well as lingual cortical plate with flecks of radiopacity in centre. Incision biopsy revealed histological characteristics consistent with cemento-ossifying fibroma. The lesion was excised under local anesthesia. The histopathological examination revealed irregularly shaped bone and cementum-like hard tissue calcifications contained within hypercellular fibrous tissue stroma, leading to a confirmation of the diagnosis of cemento-ossifying fibroma. This paper aims to provide light to the fact that the soft and hard tissues of the oral region may become susceptible to the development of pathological growths in case of some particular systemic conditions.
Surgical Site Infection byCorynebacterium macginleyiin a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Cacopardo Bruno , Stefani Stefania , Cardì Francesco , Cardì Carlo , Pinzone Marilia Rita , Nunnari Giuseppe
Published: May 2013

Corynebacterium (C.) macginleyiis a gram positive, lipophilic rod, usually considered a colonizer of skin and mucosal surfaces. Several reports have associatedC. macginleyiwith ocular infections, such as conjunctivitis and endophthalmitis. However, even if rare, extraocular infections fromC. macginleyimay occur, especially among immunocompromised patients and patients with indwelling medical devices. We report herein the first case of surgical site infection byC. macginleyiafter orthopaedic surgery for the correction of kyphoscoliosis in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1. Our patient developed a nodular granulomatous lesion of about two centimetres along the surgical scar, at the level of C4-C5, with purulent discharge and formation of a fistulous tract. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of a two-centimetre fluid pocket in the subcutaneous tissue. Several swabs were collected from the borders of the lesion as well as from the exudate, with isolation ofC. macginleyi. The isolate was susceptible to beta-lactams, cotrimoxazole, linezolid, and glycopeptides but resistant to quinolones, third-generation cephalosporins, and erythromycin. Two 30-day courses of antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin/clavulanate (1 g three times/day) and cotrimoxazole (800/160 mg twice a day) were administered, obtaining a complete healing of the lesion.
Thermolysis of High-Density Polyethylene to Petroleum Products
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Singh R. K.
Published: May 2013

Thermal degradation of plastic polymers is becoming an increasingly important method for the conversion of plastic materials into valuable chemicals and oil products. In this work, virgin high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was chosen as a material for pyrolysis. A simple pyrolysis reactor system has been used to pyrolyse virgin HDPE with an objective to optimize the liquid product yield at a temperature range of 400°C to 550°C. The chemical analysis of the HDPE pyrolytic oil showed the presence of functional groups such as alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, ethers, carboxylic acids, esters, and phenyl ring substitution bands. The composition of the pyrolytic oil was analyzed using GC-MS, and it was found that the main constituents were n-Octadecane, n-Heptadecane, 1-Pentadecene, Octadecane, Pentadecane, and 1-Nonadecene. The physical properties of the obtained pyrolytic oil were close to those of mixture of petroleum products.
TR3 Modulates Platinum Resistance in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wilson Andrew J. , Liu Annie Y. , Roland Joseph , Adebayo Oluwafunmilayo B. , Fletcher Sarah A. , Slaughter James C. , Saskowski Jeanette , Crispens Marta A. , Jones Howard W. , James Samuel , Fadare Oluwole , Khabele Dineo
Published: May 2013

In metastatic ovarian cancer, resistance to platinum chemotherapy is common. Although the orphan nuclear receptor TR3 (nur77/NR4A1) is implicated in mediating chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in cancer cells, its role in ovarian cancer has not been determined. In an ovarian cancer tissue microarray, TR3 protein expression was elevated in stage I tumors, but downregulated in a significant subset of metastatic tumors. Moreover, TR3 expression was significantly lower in platinum-resistant tumors in patients with metastatic disease, and low TR3 staining was associated with poorer overall and progression-free survival. We have identified a direct role for TR3 in cisplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Nucleus-to-cytoplasm translocation of TR3 was observed in cisplatin-sensitive (OVCAR8, OVCAR3, and A2780PAR) but not cisplatin-resistant (NCI/ADR-RES and A2780CP20) ovarian cancer cells. Immunofluorescent analyses showed clear overlap between TR3 and mitochondrial Hsp60 in cisplatin-treated cells, which was associated with cytochrome c release. Ovarian cancer cells with stable shRNA- or transient siRNA-mediated TR3 downregulation displayed substantial reduction in cisplatin effects on apoptotic markers and cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies showed that the cisplatin-induced cytoplasmic TR3 translocation required for apoptosis induction was regulated by JNK activation and inhibition of Akt. Finally, cisplatin resistance was partially overcome by ectopic TR3 overexpression and by treatment with the JNK activator anisomycin and Akt pathway inhibitor, wortmannin. Our results suggest that disruption of TR3 activity, via downregulation or nuclear sequestration, likely contributes to platinum resistance in ovarian cancer. Moreover, we have described a treatment strategy aimed at overcoming platinum resistance by targeting TR3. Cancer Res; 73(15); 4758–69. ©2013 AACR.
S100B Promotes Glioma Growth through Chemoattraction of Myeloid-Derived Macrophages
Authors: Wang Huaqing , Zhang Leying , Zhang Ian Y. , Chen Xuebo , Da Fonseca Anna , Wu Shihua , Ren Hui , Badie Sam , Sadeghi Sam , Ouyang Mao , Warden Charles D. , Badie Behnam
Published: May 2013

Purpose: S100B is member of a multigenic family of Ca2+-binding proteins, which is overexpressed by gliomas. Recently, we showed that low concentrations of S100B attenuated microglia activation through the induction of Stat3. We hypothesized that overexpression of S100B in gliomas could promote tumor growth by modulating the activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM).

Experimental Design: We stably transfected GL261 glioma cell lines with constructs that overexpressed (S100Bhigh) or underexpressed (S100Blow) S100B and compared their growth characteristics to intracranial wild-type (S100Bwt) tumors.

Results: Downregulation of S100B in gliomas had no impact on cell division in vitro but abrogated tumor growth in vivo. Interestingly, compared to S100Blow tumors, S100Bwt and S100Bhigh intracranial gliomas exhibited higher infiltration of TAMs, stronger inflammatory cytokine expression, and increased vascularity. To identify the potential mechanisms involved, the expression of the S100B receptor, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), was evaluated in gliomas. Although S100B expression induced RAGE in vivo, RAGE ablation in mice did not significantly inhibit TAM infiltration into gliomas, suggesting that other pathways were involved in this process. To evaluate other mechanisms responsible for TAM chemoattraction, we then examined chemokine pathways and found that C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) was upregulated in S100Bhigh tumors. Furthermore, analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas's glioma data bank showed a positive correlation between S100B and CCL2 expression in human proneural and neural glioma subtypes, supporting our finding.

Conclusions: These observations suggest that S100B promotes glioma growth by TAM chemoattraction through upregulation of CCL2 and introduces the potential utility of S100B inhibitors for glioma therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 19(14); 3764–75. ©2013 AACR.
RRM2 Regulates Bcl-2 in Head and Neck and Lung Cancers: A Potential Target for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Aminur , Amin A.R.M. Ruhul , Wang Dongsheng , Koenig Lydia , Nannapaneni Sreenivas , Chen Zhengjia , Wang Zhibo , Sica Gabriel , Deng Xingming , Chen Zhuo (Georgia) , Shin Dong M.
Published: May 2013

Purpose: Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) plays an active role in tumor progression. Recently, we reported that depletion of RRM2 by systemic delivery of a nanoparticle carrying RRM2-specific siRNA suppresses head and neck tumor growth. The aim of this study is to clarify the underlying mechanism by which RRM2 depletion inhibits tumor growth.

Experimental Design: siRNA-mediated gene silencing was carried out to downregulate RRM2. Immunoblotting, reverse-transcriptase PCR, confocal microscopy, tissue fractionation, gene overexpression and knockdown were employed to analyze critical apoptosis signaling. Conventional immunohistochemistry and quantum dot-based immunofluorescence were applied to detect RRM2 and Bcl2 expression and localization in tissue samples from patients and mice.

Results: Knockdown of RRM2 led to apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. We showed that Bcl-2 is a key determinant controlling apoptosis, both in vitro and in vivo, and that RRM2 depletion significantly reduces Bcl-2 protein expression. We observed that RRM2 regulates Bcl-2 protein stability, with RRM2 suppression leading to increased Bcl-2 degradation, and identified their colocalization in HNSCC and NSCLC cells. In a total of 50 specimens each from patients with HNSCC and NSCLC, we identified the colocalization of Bcl-2 and RRM2 and found a significant positive correlation between their expression in HNSCC (R = 0.98; P < 0.0001) and NSCLC (R = 0.92; P < 0.0001) tumor tissues.

Conclusions: Our novel findings add to the knowledge of RRM2 in regulating expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and reveal a critical link between RRM2 and Bcl-2 in apoptosis signaling. Clin Cancer Res; 19(13); 3416–28. ©2013 AACR.
TLR4 Is a Novel Determinant of the Response to Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer
Authors: Rajput Sandeep , Volk-Draper Lisa D. , Ran Sophia
Published: May 2013

Overexpression of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) in human tumors often correlates with chemoresistance and metastasis. We found that TLR4 is overexpressed in the majority of clinical breast cancer samples and in 68% of the examined breast cancer lines. TLR4 is activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other ligands including the widely used drug paclitaxel. LPS is frequently used to show a tumor-promoting role of TLR4 although this bacterial component is unlikely to be found in the breast cancer environment. We reasoned that paclitaxel-dependent activation of TLR4 is more relevant to breast cancer chemoresistance that could be mediated by activation of the NF-κB pathway leading to upregulation of prosurvival genes. To test this hypothesis, we correlated TLR4 expression with resistance to paclitaxel in two modified breast cancer lines with either depleted or overexpressed TLR4 protein. Depletion of TLR4 in naturally overexpressing MDA-MB-231 cells downregulated prosurvival genes concomitant with 2- to 3-fold reduced IC50 to paclitaxel in vitro and a 6-fold decrease in recurrence rate in vivo. Conversely, TLR4 overexpression in a negative cell line HCC1806 significantly increased expression of inflammatory and prosurvival genes along with a 3-fold increase of IC50 to paclitaxel in vitro and enhanced tumor resistance to paclitaxel therapy in vivo. Importantly, both tumor models showed that many paclitaxel-upregulated inflammatory cytokines were coinduced with their receptors suggesting that this therapy induces autocrine tumor-promoting loops. Collectively, these results show that paclitaxel not only kills tumor cells but also enhances their survival by activating TLR4 pathway. These findings suggest that blocking TLR4 could significantly improve response to paclitaxel therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(8); 1676–87. ©2013 AACR.
Pten-Null Tumors Cohabiting the Same Lung Display Differential AKT Activation and Sensitivity to Dietary Restriction
Authors: Curry Natasha L. , Mino-Kenudson Mari , Oliver Trudy G. , Yilmaz Ömer H. , Yilmaz Vedat O. , Moon Jade Y. , Jacks Tyler , Sabatini David M. , Kalaany Nada Y.
Published: May 2013

PTEN loss is considered a biomarker for activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, a pathway frequently mutated in cancer, and was recently shown to confer resistance to dietary restriction. Here, we show that Pten loss is not sufficient to drive AKT activation and resistance to dietary restriction in tumors with low growth factor receptor levels. We describe a murine Pten-null Kras-driven lung cancer model that harbors both dietary restriction–resistant, higher-grade, bronchiolar tumors with high AKT activity, and dietary restriction–sensitive, lower-grade, alveolar tumors with low AKT activity. We find that this phenotype is cell autonomous and that normal bronchiolar cells express higher levels of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) and of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5 (ENTPD5), an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme known to modulate growth factor receptor levels. Suppression of ENTPD5 is sufficient to decrease IGF-IR levels and sensitize bronchiolar tumor cells to serum in vitro and to dietary restriction in vivo. Furthermore, we find that a significant percentage of human non–small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) have low AKT activity despite PTEN loss.

Significance: Our studies point to a heterogeneity of AKT activation in the same murine Pten-null lung tissue and in human NSCLC, further underscoring the challenges of personalizing cancer therapy based solely on cancer genotype. Our findings therefore indicate that the tumor response to anticancer therapies, including dietary restriction, needs to be based on PI3K/AKT activity per se, rather than on genetic alterations in the PTEN/PI3K pathway. Cancer Discov; 3(8); 908–21. ©2013 AACR.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 826
Primary Tethered Cord Syndrome - Clinical and Urological Manifestations, Diagnosis and Management: A Prospective Study
Authors: Ailawadhi Pankaj , Kale S.S. , Agrawal Deepak , Mahapatra A.K. , Kumar Rajeev
Published: May 2013

Abstract: Primary tethered cord syndrome refers to a group of neural tube defects that are not externally obvious, and, if detected at an early age, surgical intervention may prevent the significant irreversible neurological deficits. This study was performed to evaluate the presenting clinical features of patients with primary tethered cord syndrome and the indications of surgery in such patients as well as the clinical and urological outcome. In all cases, the indication for surgery was the presence of a tethered cord on magnetic resonance imaging, the criteria for tethering being a low-lying conus (below L1-L2) and a thickened filum (>2 mm). Urodynamic studies were performed before detethering. Microsurgical detethering of low-lying cord was then performed, and the patients were then followed clinically and urologically for 6 months. Pain responded the most to detethering while limb weakness and urological symptoms responded the least. Clinical improvement in urological symptoms correlated with improvement in urodynamic parameters. A urodynamic study identified improvement in a larger number of patients and also deterioration in a few patients which was not visible clinically; this may point to its high sensitivity and usefulness in preceding clinical manifestations in a future follow-up.
Multiple Cutaneous Metastases in the Chest from Prostatic Carcinoma
Authors: Pistone G. , Pistone A. , Aricò M. , Bongiorno M.R.
Published: May 2013

We report a case of multiple cutaneous metastases from prostate cancer. A 78-year-old man with an 8-year history of prostate cancer had multiple nodular lesions in the chest. Histologically, the lesion showed an abortive glandular lumina and tall columnar cells with abundant cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical staining for AE1:AE3 cytokeratin cocktail, prostate-specific antigen, and prostate-specific acid phosphatase was positive in tumor cells, confirming the diagnosis of cutaneous metastases from prostate cancer. We report this case because of the rarity of cutaneous metastases from prostatic adenocarcinoma in the chest region.
Cardiovascular Toxicity of Epoetin-Alfa in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: McCullough Peter A. , Barnhart Huiman X. , Inrig Jula K. , Reddan Donal , Sapp Shelly , Patel Uptal D. , Singh Ajay K. , Szczech Lynda A. , Califf Robert M.
Published: May 2013

Background: Recombinant erythropoietin has become a routine component of care of patients with chronic kidney disease reducing the need for blood transfusions but raising the risks for cardiovascular events. We undertook this secondary analysis of subjects enrolled in the Correction of Hemoglobin and Outcomes in Renal Insufficiency (CHOIR) trial to examine the interrelationships between epoetin-alfa maintenance doses utilized and achieved hemoglobin (Hb) irrespective of treatment target and randomized allocation. Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis from the CHOIR trial. Inclusion criteria were Hb <11.0 g/dl and estimated glomerular filtration rates of 15-50 ml/min/1.73 m2. To be included in the present analysis, subjects needed to be free of the composite event at 4 months, receive epoetin-alfa, and have ≥1 postbaseline Hb measurement. The mean weekly dose of epoetin-alfa received up to the time of first event or censure was the main exposure variable, while the achieved Hb at month 4 was the confounder representing the subject's underlying response to treatment. The primary outcome was the composite of death, heart failure hospitalization, stroke, or myocardial infarction. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used in time-to-event analysis. Results: Among 1,244 subjects with complete data, the average weekly dose of epoetin-alfa ranged 143.3-fold from 133 to 19,106 units/week at the time of first event or censure. Cox proportional hazard analysis found that those in the middle tertile of Hb achieved (>11.5 to <12.7 g/dl) and the lowest tertile of epoetin-alfa dose exposure level (<5,164 units/week) had the lowest risk. Irrespective of Hb achieved, the relative risk in the highest tertile (>10,095 units/week) of epoetin-alfa dose exposure level was significantly escalated (hazard ratios ranged from 2.536 to 3.572, p < 0.05, when compared to the group of middle Hb tertile and lowered dose tertile). In a multivariable model that adjusted for achieved Hb, albumin, cholesterol, age, prior heart failure, prior stroke, prior deep venous thrombosis, atrial fibrillation or malignancy, the average weekly dose had a significant (p = 0.005) relative risk of 1.067 per 1,000 units of epoetin-alfa for the primary end point. Conclusions: In the CHOIR trial, average epoetin-alfa doses >10,095 units/week were associated with increased risks for cardiovascular events irrespective of the Hb achieved within the first 4 months of treatment. These data suggest the weekly epoetin-alfa dose and not the Hb achieved was a principal determinant in the primary outcome observed implicating a cardiovascular toxicity of this erythrocyte-stimulating agent.
Effects of Three Times Weekly Eight-Hour Nocturnal Hemodialysis on Volume and Nutritional Status
Authors: Demirci Cenk , Ozkahya Mehmet , Demirci Meltem Sezis , Asci Gulay , Kose Timur , Colak Taskin , Duman Soner , Toz Huseyin , Ergin Pinar , Adam Siddik Momin , Ok Ercan
Published: May 2013

Background: This prospective cohort study compared the changes in body water composition and nutritional parameters measured with multifrequency bioimpedance analysis between 8-hour three times weekly nocturnal hemodialysis (NHD) and 4-hour conventional hemodialysis (CHD) patients. Patients and Methods: 55 patients on CHD and 57 patients on NHD were included in the study. Multifrequency bioimpedance analysis was performed at baseline and at the 12th month. The primary outcomes of the study were changes in extracellular water (ECW), fat mass, dry lean mass and phase angle. Secondary outcomes of the study included changes in blood pressure and biochemical parameters related to nutrition and inflammation. Results: ECW/height values decreased in the NHD group, while they increased in the CHD group. Fat mass, dry lean mass, and serum albumin increased and high sensitive CRP decreased in the NHD group but did not change in the CHD group. When changes in parameters from baseline to the 12th month between the groups were compared, NHD was associated with improvement in volume parameter including ECW/height (difference -0.44 l/m, p < 0.001). Change in blood pressure was not different between the groups, however requirement for antihypertensive medication decreased from 26.5 to 8.5% in the NHD group (p = 0.002). NHD was also associated with increases in fat mass (difference 1.8 kg, p < 0.001), dry lean mass (difference 0.6 kg, p = 0.006), serum albumin (difference 0.19 g/dl, p < 0.001) and cholesterol (difference 18.8 mg, p < 0.001). Phase angle values decreased in the CHD group but did not change in the NHD group (difference between the groups 0.37°, p = 0.04). Conclusion: This study revealed that longer HD facilitates volume control and improves nutritional status.
Survival after Resection of a Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Small Intestine in a Young Patient: Report of a Case
Authors: Timmers T.K. , Schadd E.M. , Monkelbaan J.F. , Meij V.
Published: May 2013

The occurrence of primary melanoma of the small intestine is rare. We describe the case of a 25-year-old man found to have a primary melanoma of the ileum. The patient presented with gradual onset of abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, weight loss and fatigue. A preoperative diagnosis of a small intestinal tumor was based on the findings of computed tomography scanning. This diagnosis was confirmed at laparotomy and a partial small bowel resection was performed. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen clarified the exact nature of the lesion, confirming the diagnosis of melanoma. Thorough postoperative investigation did not reveal a primary lesion in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, oculus or brain. Thus, we diagnosed this tumor as a primary lesion. One year after his operation, the patient remains well without any evidence of recurrence. Thus, we diagnosed this small bowel tumor as a primary melanoma of the small intestine.
Ultralarge von Willebrand Factor Fibers Mediate Luminal
Staphylococcus aureus
Adhesion to an Intact Endothelial Cell Layer Under Shear Stress
Authors: Pappelbaum Karin I. , Gorzelanny Christian , Grässle Sandra , Suckau Jan , Laschke Matthias W. , Bischoff Markus , Bauer Corinne , Schorpp-Kistner Marina , Weidenmaier Christopher , Schneppenheim Reinhard , Obser Tobias , Sinha Bhanu , Schneider Stefan W.
Published: May 2013

Background—

During pathogenesis of infective endocarditis,
Staphylococcus aureus
adherence often occurs without identifiable preexisting heart disease. However, molecular mechanisms mediating initial bacterial adhesion to morphologically intact endocardium are largely unknown.

Methods and Results—

Perfusion of activated human endothelial cells with fluorescent bacteria under high-shear-rate conditions revealed 95% attachment of the
S aureus
by ultralarge von Willebrand factor (ULVWF). Flow experiments with VWF deletion mutants and heparin indicate a contribution of the A-type domains of VWF to bacterial binding. In this context, analyses of different bacterial deletion mutants suggest the involvement of wall teichoic acid but not of staphylococcal protein A. The presence of inactivated platelets and serum increased significantly ULVWF-mediated bacterial adherence. ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 13) caused a dose-dependent reduction of bacterial binding and a reduced length of ULVWF, but single cocci were still tethered by ULVWF at physiological levels of ADAMTS13. To further prove the role of VWF in vivo, we compared wild-type mice with VWF knockout mice. Binding of fluorescent bacteria was followed in tumor necrosis factor-α–stimulated tissue by intravital microscopy applying the dorsal skinfold chamber model. Compared with wild-type mice (n=6), we found less bacteria in postcapillary (60±6 versus 32±5 bacteria) and collecting venules (48±5 versus 18±4 bacteria;
P
<0.05) of VWF knockout mice (n=5).

Conclusions—

Our data provide the first evidence that ULVWF contributes to the initial pathogenic step of
S aureus
–induced endocarditis in patients with an apparently intact endothelium. An intervention reducing the ULVWF formation with heparin or ADAMTS13 suggests novel therapeutic options to prevent infective endocarditis.
Book Reviews
Authors: Bosch F.D.K. , Casparis J.G. , Bertling C. Tj. , Zoetmulder P.J. , Hidding K.A.H. , Held G.J. , Coolhaas W. Ph. , Poonen T.S. , Uhlenbeck E.M. , Boer D.W.N.
Published: May 2013

- F.D.K. Bosch, J.G. de Casparis, Prasasti Indonesia diterbitkan oleh Djawatan
Purbakala Republik Indonesia I. - J.G. de Casparis: Inscripties uit de Cailendra-Tijd,
A.C. Nix & Co. Bandung, 1950, 204 blz. - C. Tj. Bertling, P.J. Zoetmulder, Cultuur
oost en west, 183 blz. Uitg. C.P.J. van der Peet, Amsterdam 1951. - K.A.H. Hidding, G.J.
Held, Magie, Hekserij en Toverij. J.B. Wolters, Groningen 1950. - W. Ph. Coolhaas, T.S.
Poonen, A survey of the rise of the Dutch power in Malabar (1603-1678). University of
Travancore, Trichinopoly, 1948. 303 blz. - E.M. Uhlenbeck, D.W.N. de Boer, Beknopte
Indonesische Grammatica, van Klassiek naar modern Maleis. Brill, Leiden 1951.
Verkorte notulen
Authors: KITLV Redactie
Published: May 2013

Bestuursvergadering van 20 Januari 1951; Bestuursvergadering van 17 Februari 1951;
Bestuursvergadering van 17 Maart 1951; Bestuursvergadering van 21 April 1951;
Bestuursvergadering van 12 Mei 1951; Bestuursvergadering van 7 Juli 1951;
Bestuursvergadering van 15 September 1951; Bestuursvergadering van 20 October 1951;
Bestuursvergadering van 17 November 1951; Bestuursvergadering van 15 December 1951;
Algemene vergadering van 17 Maart 1951
Book Reviews
Authors: Drewes G.W.J. , Poerwadarminta W.J.S. , Gonda J. , Vira Raghu , Voorhoeve P. , Braasem W.A. , Fischer H. Th. , Held G.J. , Fischer H. Th. , Fuchs Stephen
Published: May 2013

- G.W.J. Drewes, W.J.S. Poerwadarminta, Indonesisch-Nederlands Woordenboek
samengesteld door W.J.S. Poerwadarminta en dr. A. Teeuw. 369 blz., kr. 8, J.B. Wolters,
Groningen, Djakarta, 1950., A. Teeuw (eds.) - J. Gonda, Raghu Vira, An exhaustive
English-Sanskrit-Hindi Dictionary by Prof. Dr. Raghu Vira with the collaboration of
scientists and scholars. Published by the International Academy of Indian Culture,
Nagpur. - P. Voorhoeve, W.A. Braasem, Proza en poëzie om het heilige meer der Bataks. De
Bataks en hun volksletterkunde. Met een voorwoord van Prof. Dr. J. Gonda.
Djakarta-Amsterdam-Surabaia 1951. 286 pp. - H. Th. Fischer, G.J. Held, De Papoea,
cultuurimprovisator. N.V. Uitgeverij W. van Hoeve. ‘s-Gravenhage/Bandung, 1951. 230 blz.
Geïll. - H. Th. Fischer, Stephen Fuchs, The children of Hari. A study of the Nimar
Balahis in the Central Province of India. Publ. by Verlag Herold. Vienna, 1950. 463 blz.
(Wiener Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte und Linguistik. VIII).
Book Reviews
Authors: Uhlenbeck E.M. , Kleyn J. , Helbig Karl , Fischer H. Th. , Berg H.J. , Hoop A.N.J.Th. à Th. , Boelaars J.H.M.C. , Uhlenbeck E.M. , Mensbrugghe A.M. , Kuperus G. , Uhlenbeck E.M. , Stapel F.W.
Published: May 2013

- G. Kuperus, Karl Helbig, Am rande des Pazifik. Studien zur Landes- und Kulturkunde Südostasiens. Stuttgart 1949; 324 pag., 94 foto’s en 10 tekstkaartjes.- J. de Kleyn, A.N.J.Th. à Th. van der Hoop, Indonesische siermotieven, Ragam-ragam Perhiasan Indonesia, Indonesian ornamental design. Djakarta, 1949. 324 pp., 152 afb. (Uitgegeven door het Kon. Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen)- H. Th. Fischer, A.M. van der Mensbrugghe, De Moï’s. Ethnographische studie, 1949. Missiologische Monografieën 6. frs. 75. Uitgave de Kinkhoren, Brugge. 143 blz.- E.M. Uhlenbeck, J.H.M.C. Boelaars, The linguistic position of south-western New Guinea, diss. Utrecht 1950, XXIII + 217 pp.- E.M. Uhlenbeck, Bingkisan Budi, een bundel opstellen aan Dr Philippus Samuel van Ronkel door vrienden en leerlingen aangeboden op zijn tachtigste verjaardag, 1 Aug. 1950, 356 pp.- F.W. Stapel, H.J. van den Berg, Grote figuren op het wereldtoneel. Algemene geschiedenis in monografieën voor de Middelbare School in Indonesië I. India; China en Japan; Indonesië. J.B. Wolters’ Uitgevers Maatschappij, Groningen-Djakarta, 1950., H. Kroeskamp (eds.)- E.M. Uhlenbeck, Bibliographie linguistique des Annees 1939 - 1947, publiée par le Comité International Permanent de Linguistes, avec une subvention de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’Education, la Science et la Culture, Vol I 1949, Vol II 1950.
Taxonomic status of Cyrtoscydmus described by C. Schaufuss from the Philippines (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: May 2013

In 1891 Camillo Schaufuss described two new species of Cyrtoscydmini from the Philippines and placed them in a genus Cyrtoscydmus Motschulsky, 1870: C. fundaebraccatus and C. manillae. Later authors (e.g., Csiki 1919; Newton & Franz 1998) treated Cyrtoscydmus as a subgenus of Stenichnus Thomson, 1859 and currently these names are synonyms (Meybohm 2004). Csiki (1919) lists the species of Schaufuss as Stenichnus (Cyrtoscydmus) fundaebraccatus and Stenichnus (Cyrtoscydmus) manillae. Since then, the taxonomic status of these species has not been verified.
A new deep-water goatfish of the genus Upeneus (Mullidae) from Vanuatu, South Pacific
Authors: UIBLEIN FRANZ , CAUSSE ROMAIN
Published: May 2013

A new goatfish, Upeneus vanuatu (Mullidae), is described based on five specimens collected off two islands of Vanuatu (South Pacific), at depths of 191–321 m, and compared with five closely related species: Upeneus davidaromi (Red Sea), U. mascareinsis (Western Indian Ocean), U. stenopsis (northern Australia, Philippines, 127–275 m), and the more shal-low-occurring Indo-West Pacific species U. subvittatus (26–120 m) and U. vittatus (<100 m). The new species can be dis-tinguished from all other congeneric species by the combination of four characters: number of gill rakers on lower limb, caudal-peduncle depth, interorbital length, and interdorsal distance. Strong allometric variation in body form between the holotype and the four smaller paratypes was found. Based on the lack of lateral body stripes, a rather narrow caudal pe-duncle depth, and large eyes in adults as common characteristics for U. subvittatus and the four deep-water Upeneus spe-cies, the so-called “stenopsis” species group can be distinguished from four other species groups that were established in earlier studies in order to facilitate intrageneric comparisons. The ecological and evolutionary significance of deep-water goatfishes is briefly discussed.
Prosthetops wolfbergensis sp. nov.—a giant amongst the ‘minute moss beetles’, with new data on other members of the genus (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)
Authors: BILTON DAVID T.
Published: May 2013

Prosthetops wolfbergensis sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae) is described from the Western and Northern Cape regions of South Africa; the new species, at up to 4.2 mm total length, apparently being the longest ‘minute moss beetle’ described to date. Prosthetops species are characteristic inhabitants of temporary rainwater pools and seepages on exposed plateau in the Cape fold mountains, and on rock outcrops beside streams and rivers. New collection records and ecological data are given for members of the genus, and the female of Prosthetops pronotus Perkins & Balfour-Browne, 1994 is described and illustrated for the first time.
Zyzzyzus rubusidaeus (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Tubulariidae), a new species of anthoathecate hydroid from the coast of British Columbia, Canada
Authors: BRINCKMANN-VOSS ANITA , CALDER DALE R.
Published: May 2013

Zyzzyzus rubusidaeus, sp. nov., is described from inshore waters near the northern tip of Vancouver Island, British Co-lumbia, Canada. Specimens were collected on rocky bottoms amongst barnacles, sponges, and compound ascidians at a depth of 18 m in Weynton Passage, Broughton Strait, during March, July, and October 2012. Polyps tend to grow in dense aggregations, often covering several square centimetres. Hydroids of Z. rubusidaeus most closely resemble those of Z. robustus Petersen, 1990 from Greenland, but differ in having aboral tentacles that are scattered in a narrow band around the base of the hydranth rather than occurring in a single whorl, thin and transparent instead of thick and stiff perisarc around hydrocaulus and tubers, and gonophores that arise from simple pedicels instead of short, stout branches. Possible embryos were present in female gonophores, although structures recognizable as actinula larvae have not been observed. The cnidome comprises small and large stenoteles, desmonemes, microbasic euryteles, basitrichs, and isorhizas. Polyps are a raspberry colour in life, a hue that has faded but little in our formalin-preserved material. Discovery of this hydroid brings the number of species currently recognized in genus Zyzzyzus Stechow, 1921 to seven.
Effects of Synoptic-Scale Control on Long-Term Declining Trends of Summer Fog Frequency over the Pacific Side of Hokkaido Island
Authors: Sugimoto Shiori , Sato Tomonori , Nakamura Kazuki
Published: May 2013

In this study, long-term visibility data for the Pacific Ocean side of Hokkaido Island, northeast Japan, are investigated to clarify the relationship between interannual variation in summer fog frequency (FF) and large-scale circulation patterns. At Kushiro, a significant FF decrease is found during 1931–2010 even without the influence of the observatory's relocation after 2000. In particular, since the late 1970s, a linear declining trend has accelerated, as evidenced by an increased number of years with very low FF in July and August. To clarify the climatological factor causing the summer FF declining trend at Kushiro, atmospheric vertical conditions in the planetary boundary layer and large-scale circulation are examined during 1989–2009 and 1958–2002, respectively, using available datasets. Composite analyses that are based on radiosonde observations reveal that the shallow fog layer is covered with a strong inversion layer during fog days whereas the inversion layer is absent during nonfog days. Composite circulation anomalies for the low-FF years at Kushiro show an intensified Okhotsk high (OH) pressure feature and southward shrinking of the North Pacific high (NPH) in July, in addition to the eastward displacement or shrinking of the NPH in August. These anomalous synoptic circulation patterns cause weakening in the southerly–southeasterly wind, which reduces sea-fog advection toward Kushiro and prevents the formation of stable stratification over the sea-fog layer. The authors suggest that the interannual variation in summer FF with the recent accelerated decline at Kushiro is primarily controlled by changes in the synoptic circulation associated with the OH and NPH development.
Dynamical Downscaling Projections of Twenty-First-Century Atlantic Hurricane Activity: CMIP3 and CMIP5 Model-Based Scenarios
Authors: Knutson Thomas R. , Sirutis Joseph J. , Vecchi Gabriel A. , Garner Stephen , Zhao Ming , Kim Hyeong-Seog , Bender Morris , Tuleya Robert E. , Held Isaac M. , Villarini Gabriele
Published: May 2013

Twenty-first-century projections of Atlantic climate change are downscaled to explore the robustness of potential changes in hurricane activity. Multimodel ensembles using the phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3)/Special Report on Emissions Scenarios A1B (SRES A1B; late-twenty-first century) and phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5)/representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5; early- and late-twenty-first century) scenarios are examined. Ten individual CMIP3 models are downscaled to assess the spread of results among the CMIP3 (but not the CMIP5) models. Downscaling simulations are compared for 18-km grid regional and 50-km grid global models. Storm cases from the regional model are further downscaled into the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) hurricane model (9-km inner grid spacing, with ocean coupling) to simulate intense hurricanes at a finer resolution.

A significant reduction in tropical storm frequency is projected for the CMIP3 (−27%), CMIP5-early (−20%) and CMIP5-late (−23%) ensembles and for 5 of the 10 individual CMIP3 models. Lifetime maximum hurricane intensity increases significantly in the high-resolution experiments—by 4%–6% for CMIP3 and CMIP5 ensembles. A significant increase (+87%) in the frequency of very intense (categories 4 and 5) hurricanes (winds ≥ 59 m s−1) is projected using CMIP3, but smaller, only marginally significant increases are projected (+45% and +39%) for the CMIP5-early and CMIP5-late scenarios. Hurricane rainfall rates increase robustly for the CMIP3 and CMIP5 scenarios. For the late-twenty-first century, this increase amounts to +20% to +30% in the model hurricane’s inner core, with a smaller increase (~10%) for averaging radii of 200 km or larger. The fractional increase in precipitation at large radii (200–400 km) approximates that expected from environmental water vapor content scaling, while increases for the inner core exceed this level.
Lidar-Observed Stress Vectors and Veer in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Authors: Berg Jacob , Mann Jakob , Patton Edward G.
Published: May 2013

This study demonstrates that a pulsed wind lidar is a reliable instrument for measuring angles between horizontal vectors of significance in the atmospheric boundary layer. Three different angles are considered: the wind turning, the angle between the stress vector and the mean wind direction, and the angle between the stress vector and the vertical gradient of the mean velocity vector. The latter is assumed to be zero by the often applied turbulent-viscosity hypothesis, so that the stress vector can be described through the vertical gradient of velocity. In the atmospheric surface layer, where the Coriolis force is negligible, this is supposedly a good approximation. High-resolution large-eddy simulation data show that this is indeed the case even beyond the surface layer. In contrast, through analysis of WindCube lidar measurements supported by sonic measurements, the study shows that it is only valid very close to the surface. The deviation may be significant even at 100 m. This behavior is attributed to mesoscale effects.
The Care Economy? Gender, Economic Restructuring, and Job Polarization in the U.S. Labor Market
Authors: Dwyer Rachel E.
Published: May 2013

The U.S. job structure became increasingly polarized at the turn of the twenty-first century as high- and low-wage jobs grew strongly and many middle-wage jobs declined. Prior research on the sources of uneven job growth that focuses on technological change and weakening labor market institutions struggles to explain crucial features of job polarization, especially the growth of low-wage jobs and gender and racial differences in job growth. I argue that theories of the rise of care work in the U.S. economy explain key dynamics of job polarization—including robust growth at the bottom of the labor market and gender and racial differences in job growth—better than the alternative theories. By seeing care work as a distinctive form of labor, care work theories highlight different dimensions of economic restructuring than are emphasized in prior research on job polarization. I show that care work jobs contributed significantly and increasingly to job polarization from 1983 to 2007, growing at the top and bottom of the job structure but not at all in the middle. I close by considering whether the care economy will continue to reinforce job polarization, or whether it will provide new opportunities for revived growth in middle-wage jobs.
Clinical features and axis I comorbidity of Australian adolescent pathological Internet and video game users
Authors: King Daniel L , Delfabbro Paul H , Zwaans Tara , Kaptsis Dean
Published: May 2013

Objectives:

Although there is growing international recognition of pathological technology use (PTU) in adolescence, there has been a paucity of empirical research conducted in Australia. This study was designed to assess the clinical features of pathological video gaming (PVG) and pathological Internet use (PIU) in a normative Australian adolescent population. A secondary objective was to investigate the axis I comorbidities associated with PIU and video gaming.

Method:

A total of 1287 South Australian secondary school students aged 12–18 years were recruited. Participants were assessed using the PTU checklist, Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale, Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents, revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Teenage Inventory of Social Skills. Adolescents who met the criteria for PVG or PIU or both were compared to normal adolescents in terms of axis I comorbidity.

Results:

The prevalence rates of PIU and PVG were 6.4% and 1.8%, respectively. A subgroup with co-occurring PIU and PVG was identified (3.3%). The most distinguishing clinical features of PTU were withdrawal, tolerance, lies and secrecy, and conflict. Symptoms of preoccupation, inability to self-limit, and using technology as an escape were commonly reported by adolescents without PTU, and therefore may be less useful as clinical indicators. Depression, panic disorder, and separation anxiety were most prevalent among adolescents with PIU.

Conclusions:

PTU among Australian adolescents remains an issue warranting clinical concern. These results suggest an emerging trend towards the greater uptake and use of the Internet among female adolescents, with associated PIU. Although there exists an overlap of PTU disorders, adolescents with PIU appear to be at greater risk of axis I comorbidity than adolescents with PVG alone. Further research with an emphasis on validation techniques, such as verified identification of harm, may enable an informed consensus on the definition and diagnosis of PTU.
The Legislative Dynamics of Political Decentralization in Parliamentary Democracies
Authors: Amat Francesc , Falcó-Gimeno Albert
Published: May 2013

We investigate how particular configurations of national parliaments affect the dynamics of political decentralization in parliamentary democracies. Recent research has emphasized the impact of structural determinants on levels of decentralization across countries. However, we argue that decentralization processes are endogenous to legislative bargaining by political parties. Our main hypothesis is that, ceteris paribus, the greater the legislative bargaining power of parties with decentralization demands, the more likely decentralization reforms are to occur. For that purpose, we calculate an index of the parliamentary salience of decentralization that reflects the distribution of parties’ preferences for decentralization weighted by their bargaining power. We test our hypotheses with dynamic models for 19 parliamentary democracies using Comparative Manifesto Project data and the Regional Authority Index. We demonstrate that the dynamics of decentralization are crucially shaped by the configuration of national legislatures, although this only seems to affect the self-rule dimension of decentralization rather than shared rule.
European Parliamentary Elections and National Party Policy Change
Authors: Somer-Topcu Zeynep , Zar Michelle E.
Published: May 2013

Political parties seek information about public preferences to determine how much they need to change their policies as elections approach. We argue that opposition parties can use European parliamentary election results to inform themselves about public preferences. When opposition parties lose votes at the European level, they can use this information to infer that public opinion has shifted away from the party and change their national policy strategies. We also argue that not all European elections are the same and that parties should be more responsive to those European elections that are more informative about public preferences. Empirical results from 14 European Union (EU) member countries show that opposition parties use European election results and change their positions (a) when the turnout levels between national and European elections are similar and (b) when the European election is close in time to the upcoming national election.
Well-defined silicone–titania composites with good performances in actuation and energy harvesting
Authors: Cazacu Maria , Ignat Mircea , Racles Carmen , Cristea Mariana , Musteata Valentina , Ovezea Dragos , Lipcinski Daniel
Published: May 2013

Although silicones possess low dielectric constant, they are between the most used polymers in actuation due to their appropriate mechanical properties (low modulus and high elongation). These can be easily tuned by the preparation strategy: proper choice of the molecular mass and microstructure of the polymer matrix; adding or not of more or less active fillers; whether these are incorporated in the polymeric matrix (ex situ) or generated in situ; crosslinking mode (through the side or ending functional groups) or mechanism (condensation, radicalic or by hydrosilylation). A relatively low cost and easy scalable procedure was used in this article to prepare silicone composites based on high molecular weight polydiorganosiloxane copolymer and hydrophobized silica and titania nanoparticles. The matrix polymer was synthesized by bulk ring opening copolymerization of different substituted cyclosiloxanes and characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and gel permeation chromatographic analysis. The composites prepared by the mechanical incorporation of the fillers were crosslinked by radicalic mechanism and investigated by dielectrical spectroscopy, mechanical tests, dynamo-mechanical analysis and dynamic vapor sorption. The actuation measurements revealed displacement values in the range 0.04–5.09 nm/V/mm, while energy harvesting measurements revealed impulse electrical voltage in the range 6–20 V for a dynamic force of 0.1–1 Kgf. The robustness of these composites supported by their thermal, mechanical and surface properties recommends them for use inclusively in harsh environmental conditions, when their behavior is not significantly affected.