bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realization of Right to Work in response to Digital Transformation
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Hong Seokhan
Published: December 2023

Digital transformation has emerged as a hot topic around the world, attracting attention as an opportunity to overcome various crises and discover new growth engines. This paper examines the impact and problems of digital transformation in realizing Right to Work and suggests normative responses.
Digital transformation may increase unemployment and lead to job polarization and subsequent expansion of income inequality and poverty. Additionally, as the number of unstable workers increases, blind spots in protection of labor laws and social insurance may increase. In addition, as work flexibility increases, the risk of work-life balance, health, and privacy being violated may increase. Furthermore, as recruitment and personnel management using intelligent information technology expands, problems such as trans- parency, fairness, and the possibility of infringement on personal information and privacy may arise.
The normative response to these problems is to maintain the principle that digital transformation is ultimately for the benefit of humans and must contribute to the guarantee of basic rights, while keeping in mind the harmony of autonomy and regulation, strengthening transparency, and securing social integration.
Above all, policies are needed to revitalize industrial dynamics to promote employment. The introduction of basic income may be considered, but sufficient prior review and social consensus must be obtained. In addition, we must be able to adapt to various new problems in the work area that arise due to digital transformation by expanding the scope of application of labor-related laws and including new disciplinary content. First, the requirements for recognizing worker status must be newly established and a social security system that can cover all unemployed individuals must be established. Next, in response to problems that may arise as digital work and full-time work becomes possible, the right to disconnect is needed to be specified and the paradigm of the occupational safety and health legislation must be changed. Furthermore, it is necessary to respond to situations where recruitment and personnel management using intelligent information technology are widely used. Measures are needed to establish minimum standards for data use and ensure transparency while being careful not to excessively restrict the possibility of data use or infringe on autonomy by imposing excessive regulations.
Sinemada Toksik Erkeklik: İki Aşığın Ölümü / The Killing of Two Lovers” (2020) Filmi Örneği
Authors: SAYICI Fırat , KAYA Serhat
Published: December 2023

Erkeklik üzerine çalışmalar uzun yıllardır devam etmesine rağmen kısıtlıdır. Ancak günümüzde kadın çalışmalarının altının çizilmesi adına bile bu konular üzerinde derin araştırmaların yapılması elzemdir. Yaptığı çalışmalarla konuya önderlik eden ve "Masculinities’ (Erkeklikler) teorisini oluşturan Avustralyalı sosyolog Raewyn Connell ilgili alanın altyapısını oluşturmuştur. Toplumsal cinsiyet ve toksik erkekliğin tam anlaşılabilmesi ve konunun bütüncül değerlendirilebilmesi için sadece kadın-erkek ilişkilerinin değil erkeklerin aralarında oluşturdukları ilişkiler üzerinden de okumak gerekmektedir. Toksik erkeklik konusunun ağırlıklı olarak akademik düzlemde kaldığı ve sanat dallarıyla pek ilişkilendirilmediği gözlenmiştir.

Bu çalışmanın erkekliğin rollerinin sorgulanması ve tartışılması, niteliksel olarak güçlendirilmesi, niceliksel olarak arttırılması, erkeklik üzerine yeni bir bakış açısı oluşturulması açısından erkeklik çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacağı ve yapılacak olan yeni erkeklik/sinema ilişkilendirilmesi çalışmalarına referans olacağı düşünülmektedir. Temel amaç, erkekliğin toksik davranışlarının film aracılığıyla nasıl işlendiğini, yansıtıldığını ve deneyimlendiğini ortaya koymaktır.

Robert Machoian’ın yönettiği ilk uzun metrajlı filmi olan "İki Aşığın Ölümü/The Killing of Two Lovers" (2020), sinemada toksik erkekliği ana konu olarak işleyen son dönemdeki nadir filmlerden biridir. Karısını ve ailesini kaybetme korkusunun bir erkeği nasıl toksik saplantılara sürüklediğini anlatan yapımın toksik erkeklik - sinema ilişkisinin neden ve sonuçlarını ortaya koyduğu bu çalışmada belirtilmiştir. Sinema sanatının tüm anlatım olanaklarından yararlanarak hikâyesini seyirciye başarıyla aktaran bu önemli bağımsız film aynı zamanda tipik toksik erkeklik özelliklerinin de altını çizmeyi başarmıştır.
The Seed and the Day of Small Things: Finding Power and Powerlessness in Quaker Theology
Authors: Muers Rachel
Published: December 2023

This paper explores early Quaker uses of ‘the Seed’ and of ‘the day of small things’, and the theology of power and powerlessness that emerges from a consideration of these key images. I argue for a theological account of power that begins from the experience of ‘being empowered’ through the active presence of the Holy Spirit – an experience which I take to be central for, although far from unique or or even distinctive to, early Quakerism. I argue that divine empowerment, expressed and explored in reflections on the seed and on the day of small things, sets up an economy of power that avoids the ‘power struggle’ that often characterises representations of power and its distribution, within and beyond theology.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
John Woolman’s Aesthetics of the Stranger
Authors: Miller Jay David
Published: December 2023

Language about strangers, including ‘the heart of a stranger’ specifically, appears with frequency throughout the writings of John Woolman. This article argues that the stranger, inspired to a great extent by passages from the Bible, was a central philosophical and theological concept around which Woolman’s thought was gathered. For Woolman the stranger also functioned as a literary figure that united various parts of his work in what I refer to comprehensively as an aesthetics of the stranger. Ultimately, Woolman writing about strangers reflected his understanding of Jesus Christ as a stranger, which was the ground from which all his thinking originated.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
A Systematic Survey of Moon-forming Giant Impacts. I. Nonrotating Bodies
Authors: Timpe Miles , Reinhardt Christian , Meier Thomas , Stadel Joachim , Moore Ben
Published: December 2023

In the leading theory of lunar formation, known as the giant impact hypothesis, a collision between two planet-size objects resulted in a young Earth surrounded by a circumplanetary debris disk from which the Moon later accreted. The range of giant impacts that could conceivably explain the Earth–Moon system is limited by the set of known physical and geochemical constraints. However, while several distinct Moon-forming impact scenarios have been proposed—from small, high-velocity impactors to low-velocity mergers between equal-mass objects—none of these scenarios have been successful at explaining the full set of known constraints, especially without invoking controversial post-impact processes. In order to bridge the gap between previous studies and provide a consistent survey of the Moon-forming impact parameter space, we present a systematic study of simulations of potential Moon-forming impacts. In the first paper of this series, we focus on pairwise impacts between nonrotating bodies. Notably, we show that such collisions require a minimum initial angular momentum budget of approximately 2 J
EM in order to generate a sufficiently massive protolunar disk. We also show that low-velocity impacts (v
∞ ≲ 0.5 v
esc) with high impactor-to-target mass ratios (γ → 1) are preferred to explain the Earth–Moon isotopic similarities. In a follow-up paper, we consider impacts between rotating bodies at various mutual orientations.
Multiwavelength Study of Dark Globule DC 314.8–5.1: Point-source Identification and Diffuse Emission Characterization
Authors: Kosmaczewski E. , Stawarz Ł , Cheung C. C. , Bamba A. , Karska A. , Rocha W. R. M.
Published: December 2023

We present an analysis of multiwavelength observations of the dark globule DC 314.8–5.1, using data from the Gaia optical, Two Micron All Star Survey near-infrared, and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer mid-infrared surveys, dedicated imaging with the Spitzer Space Telescope, and X-ray data obtained with the Swift X-Ray Telescope (XRT). The main goal was to identify possible pre-main-sequence stars (PMSs) and young stellar objects (YSOs) associated with the globule. For this, we studied the infrared colors of all point sources within the boundaries of the cloud. After removing sources with nonstellar spectra, we investigated the Gaia parallaxes for the YSO candidates and found that none are physically related to DC 314.8–5.1. In addition, we searched for X-ray emission from PMSs with Swift-XRT, and found no 0.5–10 keV emission down to a luminosity level ≲1031 erg s−1, typical of a PMS with mass ≥2 M
⊙. Our detailed inspection therefore supports a very young, “prestellar core” evolutionary stage for the cloud. Based on archival Planck and IRAS data, we moreover identify the presence of hot dust, with temperatures ≳100 K, in addition to the dominant dust component at 14 K, originating with the associated reflection nebula.
ALMA-IMF. VIII. Combination of Interferometric Continuum Images with Single-dish Surveys and Structural Analysis of Six Protoclusters
Authors: Díaz-González Daniel J. , Galván-Madrid Roberto , Ginsburg Adam , Motte Frédérique , Dell’Ova Pierre , Kurtz Stanley , Cunningham Nichol , Stutz Amelia M. , Louvet Fabien , Csengeri Timea , Fernández-López Manuel , Sanhueza Patricio , Nony Thomas , Rivera-Soto Rudy , Álvarez-Gutiérrez Rodrigo H. , Armante Melanie , Bonfand Melisse , Bontemps Sylvain , Gusdorf Antoine , Liu Hong-Li
Published: December 2023

We present the combination of ALMA-IMF and single-dish continuum images from the MUSTANG-2 Galactic Plane Survey (MGPS90) at 3 mm and the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS) at 1 mm. Six and 10 out of the 15 ALMA-IMF fields are combined with MGPS90 and BGPS, respectively. The combination is made via the feathering technique. We used the dendrogram
algorithm throughout the combined images, and performed further analysis in the six fields with the combination in both bands (G012.80, W43-MM1, W43-MM2, W43-MM3, W51-E, W51-IRS2). In these fields, we calculated spectral index maps and used them to separate regions dominated by dust or free–free emission, and then performed further structural analysis. We report the basic physical parameters of the dust-dominated (column densities, masses) and ionized (emission measures, hydrogen ionization photon rates) structures. We also searched for multiscale relations in the dust-dominated structures across the analyzed fields, finding that the fraction of mass in dendrogram leaves (which we label leaf mass efficiency (LME)) as a function of molecular gas column density follows a similar trend: a rapid, exponential-like growth, with maximum values approaching 100% in most cases. The observed behavior of the LME with the gas column is tentatively interpreted as an indicator of large star formation activity within the ALMA-IMF protoclusters. W51-E and G012.80 stand out as cases with comparatively large and reduced potential for further star formation, respectively.
Geometric Properties of Water-ice Clouds as Observed from Jezero Crater in the First 600 sols with the NavCam Instrument On Board the Mars2020 Rover, Perseverance
Authors: Patel Priya , Tamppari Leslie , de la Torre Juárez Manuel , Lemmon Mark , Coates Andrew , Wolff Michael , Toledo Daniel , Branduardi-Raymont Graziella , Jones Geraint , Campbell Charissa , Moores John , Maki Justin , Ryan Jacqueline
Published: December 2023

In the first 600 sols of the Mars2020 mission, LS 5.6o – 316.8o, 46 cloud movies and 145 cloud surveys were collected to observe clouds at Jezero Crater, the landing site of the Perseverance Rover. Cloud movies were processed using the Mean-Frame Subtraction (MFS) method for revealing cloud structures, which were subsequently analyzed using digital-image processing. Two-dimensional Fast Fourier Transforms (2D-FFT) were used to compute cloud structure sizes ranging from 2.90 to 15.25 km for clouds between 30 and 50 km altitude, based on coincident Mars Climate Sounder vertical profiles of atmospheric water-ice. Same-value thresholding was used to detect the cloud structures in MFS-processed and projected cloud movies. The resolution dependence that was needed to resolve these structures over various thresholds was examined to find multifractal scaling of Mars clouds for resolutions between 0.1 and 1.6 km. We characterize the multiscaling observed in the images and its implications for the design of cloud-tracking cameras from the surface as well as for cloud-resolving models.
Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach
Authors: Schimani Katherina , Abarca Nélida , Skibbe Oliver , Mohamad Heba , Jahn Regine , Kusber Wolf-Henning , Campana Gabriela Laura , Zimmermann Jonas
Published: December 2023

Polar regions are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. However, diatom biodiversity in those regions is much more extensive and ecologically diverse than previously thought. The objective of this study was to add knowledge to benthic diatom biodiversity in Western Antarctic coastal zones via identification by means of morphology, DNA metabarcoding and cultured isolates. In addition, a taxonomically validated reference library for Antarctic benthic diatoms was established with comprehensive information on habitat, morphology and DNA barcodes (rbcL and 18SV4). Benthic samples from marine, brackish and freshwater habitats were taken at the Antarctic Peninsula. A total of 162 clonal cultures were established, resulting in the identification of 60 taxa. The combination of total morphological richness of 174 taxa, including the clones, with an additional 73 taxa just assigned by metabarcoding resulted in 247 infrageneric taxa. Of those taxa, 33 were retrieved by all three methods and 111 only by morphology. The barcode reference library of Antarctic species with the new references obtained through culturing allowed the assignment of 47 taxa in the metabarcoding analyses, which would have been left unassigned because no matching reference sequences were available before. Non–metric multidimensional scaling analyses of morphological as well as molecular data showed a clear separation of diatom communities according to water and substratum types. Many species, especially marine taxa, still have no record in reference databases. This highlights the need for a more comprehensive reference library to further improve routine diatom metabarcoding. Overall, a combination of morphological and molecular methods, along with culturing, provides complementary information on the biodiversity of benthic diatoms in the region.
Polyscias scutellaria: An emerging source of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds for health
Authors: Muhar Adi Muradi , Velaro Adrian Joshua , Prananda Arya Tjipta , Nugraha Sony Eka , Çamlik Gamze , Wasnik Siddhanshu , Abidin Satirah Zainal , Sjofjan Osfar , Harahap Muhammad Andika Yudha , Syahrian Muhammad Faridz , Taslim Nurpudji Astuti , Mayulu Nelly , Permatasari Happy Kurnia , Nurkolis Fahrul , Situmorang Putri Cahaya , Syahputra Rony Abdi
Published: December 2023

Polyscias scutellaria (PS), an increasingly recognized botanical marvel, has emerged as a remarkable reservoir of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds, holding immense potential for enhancing health and promoting overall well-being. In this comprehensive investigation, we meticulously examined the multifaceted properties of PS through various parameters, including DPPH scavenging activity, total phenol, and total flavonoid content in its ethanol extract (EEPS), ethyl acetate extract (EAPS), and n-hexane extract (nhPS). Additionally, we conducted in-depth assessments of cellular responses to EEPS and EAPS, encompassing cell viability, nitric oxide (NO) production, and the modulation of pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-12 (IL-12), utilizing the RAW 264.7 cell line as a model system.Our findings illuminate the exceptional antioxidant prowess of PS extracts, with EEPS, EAPS, and nhPS displaying noteworthy DPPH scavenging activities. These results underscore their potential in quenching harmful free radicals and mitigating oxidative stress. Furthermore, our investigation unveils the promising anti-inflammatory attributes of EEPS and EAPS, as evidenced by their capacity to preserve cellular viability, dampen NO production, and suppress the secretion of critical pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-12) in RAW 264.7 cells. These remarkable anti-inflammatory effects hint at the therapeutic potential of PS in ameliorating chronic inflammatory conditions and bolstering the body’s immune response.In conclusion, Polyscias scutellaria stands as an emerging botanical champion, offering a wealth of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds that hold great promise for optimizing health and well-being. This study opens exciting avenues for future research to elucidate the precise bioactive constituents within PS and unravel their intricate mechanisms of action, paving the way for the development of innovative therapeutic interventions and wellness-enhancing products. The remarkable properties of PS underscore its potential as a cornerstone of holistic health and a valuable asset in the pursuit of a vibrant and balanced life.

Graphical abstract
A new species of Cerapus (Amphipoda, Senticaudata, Ischyroceridae) from Mae Klong Estuary, with a discussion on their nesting and types of mating behaviour
Authors: Katnoum Chanikan , Keetapithchayakul Tosaphol Saetung , Rahim Azman Abdul , Wongkamhaeng Koraon
Published: December 2023

The first representative of the genus Cerapus in the Gulf of Thailand, Cerapus rivulus sp. nov., is described from specimens sampled from Mae Klong Estuary, the inner Gulf of Thailand. The main identifying characteristics of this new amphipod species are pereonites 1 and 2 without constriction; male gnathopod propodus palm transverse with long posterior defining tooth and well-developed anterodistal recurved tooth adjacent to propodus articulation; pereopod 6 coxa without fine fringe setae ventrally, basis with setae on posterior margin; and telson with deep cleft. An updated identification key for the 25 known species in the genus is also presented. A discussion on their nesting and types of mating behaviour is provided.
État, savoirs experts et sécurité
Authors: Amicelle Anthony , Darley Mathilde , de Maillard Jacques
Published: December 2023

L’omniprésence des enjeux de sécurité dans le champ politique et médiatique donne à voir un processus de sécuritisation des phénomènes sociaux, et de pluralisation des acteurs et des univers impliqués dans leur prise en charge. Le présent numéro entend précisément questionner à nouveaux frais cette double dynamique contemporaine, et en saisir les effets, tant sur l’ordre social et politique, que sur les acteurs et les univers sociaux dont la mise en relation est constitutive de l’action publique de sécurité. Pour ce faire, les articles rassemblés ici sont structurés autour d’une entrée analytique commune, visant à étudier ces groupes d’acteurs et leurs rapports à l’État à l’aune des nouvelles formes de savoirs et de savoir-faire qu’ils déploient et des luttes de juridictions qu’ils entretiennent. En objectivant la complexité des arrangements entre politique et sécurité et en renouvelant l’analyse des liens entre État, sécurité et action publique, ces contributions permettent in fine de distinguer trois grandes configurations idéal-typiques de sécurité (apprentissages conjoints et production d’une sécurité hybride ; dispositifs partenariaux et diffusion d’une logique sécuritaire ; dispositifs d’action conjointe et querelles de juridictions).
La prévention de la radicalisation au-delà du travail sécuritaire
Authors: Soussoko Lili
Published: December 2023

À partir d’une enquête ethnographique sur la politique de prévention de la radicalisation dans un département français, l’article examine les effets de l’implication des acteurs non sécuritaires dans la lutte contre le terrorisme. Le développement de savoirs issus du travail social et de la santé mentale tend à faire de la radicalisation un objet d’expertise professionnelle qui délégitime les prises de position idéologiques en la matière. Les controverses politiques autour de cette notion ne sont pas pour autant évacuées du dispositif local, mais elles sont retraduites en luttes interprofessionnelles et donnent lieu à la confrontation d’expertises concurrentes sur les causes du problème et la manière de le traiter. En combinant une approche de sociologie de l’action publique par le bas et de sociologie des professions, nous montrons que le recours au registre expert ne fait pas disparaître les conflits sur le sens que recouvre la catégorie de la radicalisation.
L’expertise sous contrainte
Authors: Russo Sophie
Published: December 2023

Cet article interroge les effets de la pluralisation des acteurs du maintien de l’ordre sur le déploiement de l’action publique en matière de sécurité. À partir de la trajectoire du Citizens-Police Liaison Committee (CPLC), une organisation fondée en 1989 par des hommes d’affaires de Karachi (Pakistan) pour prêter main-forte à la police et dont les membres sont désormais reconnus comme des « experts » de la sécurité, l’article analyse les effets de l’implication d’acteurs économiques dans la formulation et la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques de sécurité. Quelles ressources des acteurs économiques peuvent-ils mobiliser pour se faire une place durable dans le champ de la sécurité ? Dans quelle mesure peuvent-ils ensuite influer sur l’action publique, et notamment sur le travail des forces de police ? La thèse de cet article est que, lorsque la seule mobilisation de capital économique ou social s’avère insuffisante pour assurer une place durable aux acteurs privés dans le champ de la sécurité, la constitution de savoirs experts, elle, peut permettre d’atteindre cet objectif. Dans le même temps, il montre, à partir de la notion de « situation d’expertise », que l’expertise fonde la participation d’acteurs privés à la sécurité tout en limitant leur capacité à orienter significativement l’action policière.
Le parquet national antiterroriste
Authors: Mégie Antoine
Published: December 2023

À partir d’une enquête ethnographique au sein des services judiciaires spécialisés dans la lutte contre le terrorisme (2015-2022), cet article a pour objet de saisir les registres politiques, institutionnels et judiciaires mobilisés par le parquet de Paris et sa section antiterroriste pour s’imposer comme une « figure experte ». De l’énonciation des discours post-attentat, à l’organisation des enquêtes et des poursuites judiciaires contre les filières djihadistes, les magistrats de la section C1 du parquet de Paris, devenue le parquet national antiterroriste à partir de 2019, s’imposent dans ce contexte des attentats de 2015 et des années suivantes comme les promoteurs d’une partie des savoirs et savoir-faire experts adoptés puis mis en œuvre dans le traitement de la violence terroriste.
La « réinvention » de la gauche non communiste face aux totalitarismes (1917-1945) : le rôle des mencheviks émigrés dans le transfert d’idées politiques
Authors: Nogarède Annette
Published: December 2023

Cet article retrace le rôle des mencheviks réfugiés en Europe de l’Ouest après la révolution d’Octobre dans le transfert d’idées politiques au sein de la gauche social-démocrate, à l’exemple des biographies croisées d’Alexander Stein-Rubinstein, Alexander Schifrin et Serge Tchakhotine. Ces biographies retracent la « réinvention » de la gauche non-communiste après 1917 et la création d’un « contre-modèle » au communisme soviétique, à l’origine du modèle de l’État-providence après 1945.
La fondation Hanns-Seidel au Togo : faire de la formation politique dans une dictature, 1977-1989
Authors: Gozo Kodzo
Published: December 2023

Cet article, qui alimente les débats sur l’activité internationale des fondations politiques allemandes, centre les réflexions sur l’action de la fondation Hanns-Seidel en Afrique, où elle a d’abord été active au Togo et au Zaïre. L’étude analyse la formation politique qu’elle a mise en œuvre dans le premier pays et relève les transferts de pratiques et les formes de transmission qu’on peut observer dans son action. Elle présente ses agents, leurs méthodes, les spécificités de leur action, bref leurs pratiques à l’aune des réalités togolaises.
Subjective Causality
Authors: Alexander Yotam , Gilboa Itzhak
Published: December 2023

Dans quelles conditions les gens ont-ils tendance à croire qu’un phénomène x a été cause d’un phénomène ultérieur y ? Nous suggérons ici qu’un sens subjectif de causalité peut émerger si x explique y en tant qu’il correspond à une réduction par exemple de sa complexité au sens de Kolmogorov. Nous étudions également dans des configurations plus générales la relation existant entre l’explication et la prévisibilité entendues comme sources de ce sens subjectif de causalité.
Response to: Is there any clinical reason to administer anticoagulant therapy to patients with the Jugular Vein Nutcracker Syndrome?
Authors: Angelini Chiara , Mantovani Giorgio , Scerrati Alba
Published: December 2023

Not available.
Association between Body Mass Index and Severity of Periodontal Disease among Adult South Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Venkat Malliga , Janakiram Chandrashekar
Published: December 2023

Background:

Periodontal disease is one of the top six chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and is recognized as a severe global public health problem. This study aimed to assess the association between various levels of body mass index (BMI) and periodontal disease severity in Indian adults.

Material and Methods:

The study was designed as a hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 212 participants aged between 18 and 65. A questionnaire assessed by an investigator was used to assess oral health-associated risky behavior and demographical factors. Participants were also assessed using full-mouth clinical periodontal and anthropometric measurements. The mean number of sites with pocket probing depth (PPD) ≥4 mm and the presence of periodontal disease were used as outcome measures. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regressions were performed.

Results:

The overall proportion of participants with periodontal disease was 50%, that is, sites with PPD ≥4 mm (n = 106). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI (odds ratio (OR) = 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43, 1.37) was not associated with periodontal disease, but smoking (OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.63, 5.89), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.72, 2.13), age (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.84), and diabetic mellitus (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 0.92, 3) were positively associated with periodontal disease.

Conclusion:

A positive association was found between smoking, alcohol consumption, age, gender, history of diabetic mellitus, and periodontal disease. No significant association exists between obesity and periodontal disease in South Indian adults.
Telemedicine Awareness and the Preferred Digital Healthcare Tools: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study from Rural Karnataka, India
Authors: Parameshwarappa Parvathi Malladra , Olickal Jeby Jose
Published: December 2023

Background:

The Indian government launched national teleconsultation services (eSanjeevani OPD) to provide safe doctor-to-patient consultations. This study aimed to determine the awareness and willingness to seek services from eSanjeevani OPDs.

Material and Methods:

This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in Nandigudi village, Karnataka. The total sample size was 273, and participants were recruited using a systematic sampling technique.

Results:

The prevalence of awareness about teleconsultations was 2.2% (n = 6, 95% CI: 0.8–4.7%). None of the participants utilized eSanjeevani services in the last year. Approximately 56.0% (n = 153, 95% CI: 49.9–62.0%) were willing to use eSanjeevani OPD. “Not being familiar” (n = 99, 82.5%) with eSanjeevani OPD was the major reason for unwillingness to use teleconsultation, and 73.8% (n = 113) preferred video calls as the mode of communication.

Conclusion:

The majority of the participants were not aware of and were unwilling to use eSanjeevani OPD. Therefore, healthcare professionals should focus more on creating awareness of teleconsultations.
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Distraction on Pain Perception and Fear among Children with Cancer Undergoing IV Cannulation
Authors: Amali R Jensi , Chavan Seema S.
Published: December 2023

Background:

Cancer children are subjected to multiple cannulations during hospitalization. Pain and fear are most common during invasive procedures that are performed, especially IV cannulation, which can lead to worry. Exactly 25% of children are reported to have a fear of needle-related procedures. To examine the impact of virtual reality (VR) distraction on pain perception and fear in children with cancer undergoing IV cannulation.

Materials and Methods:

Using a quasi-experimental design, 80 cancer children with IV cannulation between ages 7–18 were recruited to the intervention and control group (N = 40 + 40) using the purposive sampling technique. The virtual reality distraction device was used 10 min before the peripheral IV cannulation procedure and remained in place until the procedure was completed in the intervention group, and no device was used in the control group. Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale and Children’s Fear Scale were used to assess the pain and fear of children and their mothers.

Result:

Pain perception was found to be significantly lower in the VR distraction group among both children and mothers (1.82 ± 0.18, 8.01 ± 3.21) 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.82, 2.16] compared to the control group, respectively (P = 0.001**). Fear was found to be significantly lower in the VR distraction group among both children and mothers (0.81 ± 0.71, 3.01 ± 1.42) 95% CI [0.46, 0.91]. A strong positive correlation was found between children’s and mothers’ pain perception (r = 0.91, P = 0.001**) and fear (r = 0.84, P = 0.001**).

Conclusion:

VR distraction can be used as an effective device in pain and fear management among children undergoing IV cannulation.
To Compare the Effectiveness of the Innovative Noninvasive Ventilation Mask with Inbuilt Feeding Port versus the Conventional Noninvasive Ventilation Mask in Patients Requiring Prolonged Ventilation: A Case Series
Authors: Paul Shamik K. R. , Singh Gunjan , Shyam M. , Ghosh Arnab , Yadav Rahul
Published: December 2023

Background:

Critically ill patients on Non- invasive Ventilation (NIV) or Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) tend to desaturate off ventilatory support. Hence, they are unable to meet their nutritional needs, leading to increase in hospital stay. It was evident during the COVID 19 pandemic. The failure rates of NIV were unusually high, from 30-45%. Despite the overall success of the treatment modality, NIV failure rates still range between 18% and 40% in the acute setting. It was seen that the patients on NIV get only 650 Kcal/ day which is far lower than the required energy requirement. There is a need to have an affordable and sustainable solution to deliver adequate nutrition to critically ill patients on NIV and CPAP, which is able to maintain a NG/ OG tube without frequent disconnections from the ventilator. With this fact in mind a NIV mask with inbuilt feeding port (NIV-IFP) was designed.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of this case series was to compare the modified NIV-IFP mask with the conventional mask in terms of both effectiveness of ventilation as well as caloric replacement in critically ill patients. For the purpose of this study, we enlisted three patients who were critically ill and required NIV.

Results:

With the use of NIV-IFP mask we were able to substitute adequate amount of nutrition (2000Kcal to 2500 Kcal) without any discontinuation of NIV application and with minimal leak in the mask.

Conclusion:

When compared to other available technologies in this field, the NIV mask with the inbuilt feeding port is very economical and can be a boon in third world countries. The placement of this unique mechanism in the mask was instrumental in weaning off patients from NIV and avoided Invasive ventilation. It was proved beyond doubt that addition of this gland nut assembly was extremely effective in delivering adequate nutrition to our patients without compromising on the ventilation.
Does the Proximal Femur Geometry Predict Early Functional Outcome after Plate Fixation of Geriatric Pertrochanteric Fractures?
Authors: Uzuegbunam CO , Katchy AU , Anyaehie UE , Agu CC , Ede O , Iyidobi EC , Nwadinigwe CU , Muoghalu ON , Ngwangwa CL , Essien-Adetula U , Uzodimma SC
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The proximal femur geometry determines the hip force distribution. The femoral neck axis length (FNAL), the hip axis length (HAL), the femoral head diameter, and the femoral neck-shaft angle (FNSA) could influence the risk and outcome of pertrochanteric fractures. Restoring these parameters to their prefracture values could predict early hip function.

Aim:

To determine if the postoperative proximal femur geometry of geriatric patients with plating for pertrochanteric fractures predicts the early functional outcome.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a prospective study carried out at the National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu for 18 months. Geriatric patients who had Proximal Femoral Locking fixation for pertrochanteric fractures were recruited. Radiological parameters of the proximal femur in the unaffected and fixed hips were measured and compared. The functional outcomes of the patients were measured at 3 months postoperative period using the Harris hip score (HHS). Multiple linear regression was conducted on the parameters to determine the HHS.

Results:

Thirty patients participated in the study, with a significant difference (P < 0.001) in the mean FNSA between unaffected (M = 128.69, standard deviation (SD) =2.93) and operated hips (M = 121.81, SD = 8.86). The FNSA was the only significant predictor of hip function, with a 1-degree increase improving the HHS by 1.30.

Conclusion:

There is a significant difference in the FNSA between the unaffected and the operated hips. The FNSA significantly predicts the early hip function and should be reconstructed to within normal range during surgery.
How Useful are Mid-Arm and Calf Circumferences to Indicate Reduced Muscle Mass in Order to Recognize GLIM-Defined Malnutrition in Elderly Individuals?
Authors: Hadzivukovic N , Pavlovic J , Zivanovic S , Ivkovic N , Racic M
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims:

The aim of this study was to estimate cutoff values of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and calf circumference (CC) for reduced muscle mass and analyze their accuracy in identifying malnutrition among individuals of 65 years of age or older in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Materials and Methods:

The study is a secondary analysis dataset assessing nutritional risk and malnutrition among 446 community-dwellers and nursing home residents in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Malnutrition assessment included phenotypic criterions (weight loss, low body mass index, and reduced muscle mass) and etiologic criterions (inadequate food intake, disease-related inflammation, or albumin levels) according to recommendations of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM). Receiver operating curves were used to calculate MUAC and CC’s cutoff values as compared to the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA).

Results:

The optimal cutoff value for MUAC in men was 24 cm (AUC = 0.910, sensitivity 100%, specificity 77%), and in women 23 cm (AUC = 0.792, sensitivity 64%, specificity 83%). Optimal cutoff value of CC in men was 31 cm (AUC = 0.818, sensitivity 100%, specificity 67%) and in women 29 cm (AUC = 0.882, sensitivity 86%, specificity 74%). Two hundred fifty nine elderly individuals were categorized as malnourished/at risk for malnutrition per MNA. The prevalence of malnutrition based on GLIM criteria ranged from 19% to 30%.

Conclusions:

The study suggested that MUAC and CC may be used as the alternative indicators of muscle mass when other assessment methods are unavailable. Future validation and reliability studies for GLIM using anthropometric parameters as a proxy of reduced muscle mass are needed.
Baseline Factors Affecting the Prognosis of Ischemic Cerebellar Stroke Patients in Turkey: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Altiparmak T , Nazliel B , Caglayan HB , Tokgoz N , Gurses AA , Ucar M
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Cerebellar infarcts are encountered commonly in clinical practice; however, they are likely to be misinterpreted. They cannot be adequately evaluated on scales such as the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), which can have fatal consequences.

Aim:

To evaluate the baseline features, prognosis, and 6-month survival in patients with cerebellar stroke.

Methods:

A total of 200 patients with cerebellar ischemia were included in the study. Patients were analyzed retrospectively from 10 years of data. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were evaluated.

Results:

Mean age was 68 years old, and men were more frequently affected. The most common symptoms were dysarthria and vertiginous sensations. Ischemic lesions were usually cortical/juxtacortical, multiple, hemispheric, and small (below 1.5 cm). The most commonly affected artery was the medial branch of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Cardioembolism was the more frequent etiology. Gait ataxia was associated with a more favorable prognosis and 6-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores (OR: 0.15, 95% CI, P = 0.03). Older age (OR: 1.75, 95%, P = 0.02), female gender (OR: 6.72, 95%, P = 0.02), multiple (OR: 10.92, 95%, P = 0.01) and large lesions (OR: 6.56, 95% CI, P = 0.01), posterior circulation ischemic lesions extra-cerebellum (OR: 8.33, 95% CI, P = 0.01), left ventricular apical hypokinesia or AF (OR: 5.58, 95% CI, P = 0.02), and a high mRS score on admission (OR: 5.21, 95% CI, P < 0.001) was correlated with higher 6-month mRS and a lower survival rates.

Conclusion:

The study found that some baseline clinical, neurovascular imaging findings, and the mRS score on admission are useful predictors of cerebellar stroke prognosis and outcome.
The Efficiency of Gray-Level Ultrasound Histogram Analysis in Patients with Supraspinatus Tendinopathy
Authors: Nalbant MO , Inci E
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Musculoskeletal ultrasonography is a viable substitute for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that offers advantages in terms of time efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The gray-level histogram is a tool used to depict the distribution of pixel gray levels that provide quantitative data.

Aim:

The objective of our research was to establish a threshold value for ultrasonography-measured supraspinatus tendon gray-level values by comparing patients with tendinopathy to those without.

Materials and Methods:

This study comprised a cohort of 271 individuals, consisting of 124 patients diagnosed with supraspinatus tendinopathy and 147 cases without the aforementioned condition who underwent shoulder MRI and ultrasound examinations. Two radiologists independently conducted the gray-level histogram analyses. The histogram parameters were determined, including the mean, minimum, median, maximum, fifth, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles, as well as skewness, kurtosis, and variance. The interobserver agreement was evaluated using the interclass correlation coefficient.

Results:

The supraspinatus tendinopathy group’s all gray-level values were lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). The supraspinatus tendinopathy group exhibited greater values of skewness and kurtosis in comparison to the control group (P < .05). The area under the curve of the 95th percentile of the gray-level value was the highest (area under the curve = 0.960; cut-off value = 82.5; sensitivity = 96.7%; specificity = 88.2%).

Conclusion:

The analysis of the histogram of gray-level values has the potential to be a promising method for the monitoring of patients with supraspinatus tendinopathy. This approach could be considered a feasible alternative to MRI.
Benign Orofacial Vascular Anomalies: Review of 47 Cases in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Nwoga MC
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

A study of oral vascular anomalies has not been conducted in Nigeria to provide baseline data for comparison with reports in the literature.

Aims:

To study the prevalence and distribution of benign orofacial vascular anomalies at a tertiary hospital in Enugu.

Materials and Methods:

This is a 10-year retrospective observational study of consecutive patients with orofacial vascular anomalies, diagnosed by histology. The clinic-pathologic information was obtained from records archived in the department, and descriptive analysis was used to determine the frequency, tables for categorical variables, and a Chi-square test to determine the statistical significance.

Result:

There were 47 cases of benign vascular anomalies out of 897 orofacial lesions giving a prevalence of 5.2%. There were 35.4% (17) male and 64.6% (31) female patients. The mean age in this series was 37.4 ± 19.8 (range: 1 to 76 years). Pyogenic granuloma was the most common vascular lesion 78.7% (37), followed by hemangioma 14.9% (7) and lymphangioma 6.4% (3). The gingiva was the most frequent site of oral occurrence 65.9% (31), especially maxillary gingivae 48.9% (23). The type of orofacial vascular anomalies was significantly associated with the anatomical site of occurrence, P = 0.00. The mean ages for the occurrence of pyogenic granuloma, hemangioma, and lymphangioma were 37.7 ± 18.3, 50.7 ± 16.9 years, and 3.3 ± 3.2 years, respectively. Pain was a frequent occurrence in 36.2% (17) of anomalies.

Conclusion:

Oral vascular anomalies predominantly presented as pyogenic granuloma on the gingivae, while oral hemangioma was observed in adults, and lymphangioma was infrequent.
The Safe Surgical Margin for the Testis Sparing Surgery in Testicular Cancer
Authors: Akgül M , Arslan Aİ , Yazıcı CM
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Testis sparing surgery (TSS) has an important role in preserving the functional capacity of testicular cancer (TC). Germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) lesions in the remaining testis have a significant risk for local recurrence.

Aim:

We aimed to evaluate the presence of satellite GCNIS lesions around the primary tumor and to measure the distance of the furthest GCNIS lesion to the primary tumor.

Subject and Methods:

The radical orchiectomy specimens of patients (n = 37) with a tumor size of ≤3 cm were reevaluated by the same pathologist. The satellite GCNIS lesions located around the primary tumor were detected, and the furthest GCNIS lesion distance to the primary tumor was measured under light microscopy.

Results:

The mean tumor size was 1,9 ± 0,6 cm. The mean furthest GCNIS distance to the primary tumor was 5,08 ± 2,77 mm. A total of 19 (51,4%) patients had the furthest GCNIS lesions <5 mm, and 28 (75,6%) patients had the furthest GCNIS lesions <7 mm away from the primary lesion.

Conclusions:

Leaving a 5 mm safety margin during TSS would lead to excise the satellite GCNIS lesions in half of the patients. Increasing the safety margin to 7 mm would lead to excise the satellite GCNIS lesions at 75% of the patients.
Assessment of Imaging Findings of Renal Carcinoma Subtypes with 3.0T MRI
Authors: Nalbant MO , Inci E
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The prevalence of renal masses has escalated as a result of the augmented utilization of cross-sectional imaging techniques. The approach to managing renal masses may exhibit variability contingent upon the subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Aim:

This research aimed to distinguish between clear cell and papillary RCCs, utilizing dynamic contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Materials and Methods:

The study assessed the MR images of 112 patients with RCC. Two radiologists independently analyzed tumor size, vascular involvement, signal characteristics in T1- and T2-weighted sequences, the presence of hemosiderin, both microscopic and macroscopic fat content, enhancement patterns, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values derived from b-values of 1000 s/mm².

Results:

Seventy patients had clear cell RCC, and 42 had papillary. In the clear cell RCC, microscopic fat content was significantly higher than the papillary RCC (P < 0.001). However, in papillary RCC, hemosiderin content was substantially greater (P = 0.001). On T2-weighted MR images, clear cell RCCs were usually hyperintense, while papillary RCCs were hypointense (P < 0.001). Even though the rapid enhancement pattern was observed in clear cell RCCs, the progressive enhancement pattern was more prevalent in papillary RCCs (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, microscopic fat content, and rapid enhancement pattern may be indicative of clear cell RCC, whereas hypointensity on T2-weighted images, hemosiderin content, and a progressive contrast pattern may be diagnostic for papillary RCC.
Effect of Auricular Position on Body Temperature Measurement with Tympanic Thermometers: A Quasi Experimental Study
Authors: Orkun N , Eşer İ
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

With the COVID-19 pandemic, body temperature measurement has begun to be widely used in the diagnosis of the coronavirus disease. When measuring body temperature, it is important to obtain the core temperature measurement. This study compared the results of body temperature obtained with the tympanic membrane thermometer—which is one of the methods that best reflect the body temperature—with or without positioning the auricle.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of auricle position on body temperature measurements made with tympanic membrane thermometer in adult patients.

Materials and Methods:

A quasi-experimental design that employed a pre-test and a post-test was used in this study. A total of 143 patients who fit the inclusion criteria of the study were included in the sample. For analysis of the data, frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations were calculated, and the significance of the difference between paired values was tested in order to investigate the effects of auricle position on measurement values. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 was used in analyzing the data obtained in this study.

Results:

The difference between the values of measurement taken in these two separate positions was found to be 0.31 0C, and the Bland–Altman plot showed that the differences were distributed systematically around the value 0.31.

Conclusions:

It was found in the comparison of two positions that there was a significant difference between the tympanic thermometer measurements made by positioning the auricle and those without positioning.