bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PSICOLOGÍA Y SEGURIDAD EN ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA EN MONTAÑA
Authors: Allueva Torres Pedro
Published: May 2019

Para la realización de actividades en la montaña no sólo hay que estar preparado técnica y físicamente sino también psicológicamente. La combinación de estas tres variables es lo que hace que un montañero sea capaz de realizar una actividad sin asumir más riesgos de los necesarios. En un porcentaje muy alto nuestra seguridad en la montaña depende de las decisiones que tomamos. Y nuestras decisiones dependen en gran medida de cómo percibimos el riesgo asociado a la actividad que vamos a realizar. En el presente artículo partimos de la tesis de que “nosotros percibimos”, “nosotros pensamos” y “nosotros decidimos”. Ante una situación de riesgo debemos saber percibir, saber pensar y saber tomar la decisión más adecuada. Saber pensar implica saber tomar decisiones. Para ello, se describen brevemente los procesos psicológicos implicados en la toma de decisiones resaltando las habilidades de pensamiento fundamentales y cómo desarrollarlas.
ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA EN GUÍAS QUE TRABAJAN EN EL NEVADO DEL RUÍZ (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Peña Quimbaya Eder
Published: May 2019

El objetivo fue caracterizar la actividad física en los guías del Nevado del Ruiz. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal, en 18 guías con edades entre 20 y 61 años, se aplicaron cuestionarios de actividad física, hábitos higiénico-preventivos y etapas de cambio. El análisis de los resultados mostró que 44% sedentarios y 55,6% activos, la práctica de los hábitos protectores, 88,9% usa protección solar, seguido 61,1% siempre implementa la hidratación y en los hábitos no protectores el 77,8% no realiza la palpación de la frecuencia cardiaca. Se concluye que presentan un moderado de actividad física con un promedio > 800 MET/minuto/semana y cumplen recomendaciones para actividad física según la duración e intensidad. Por último, es necesario realizar estrategias para la apropiación de prácticas protectoras, entre ellas calentamiento general, vuelta a la calma y detección de la frecuencia cardíaca.
Uso de herramientas de gestión de información en bibliotecas universitarias, efecto en la actividad científica: estudio de caso
Authors: Caraballoso Granado Katia , RomeroRomero Osvaldo , Castro Rodríguez María Elena
Published: May 2019

El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar los resultados de la puesta en práctica de herramientas para potenciar la gestión de información en la biblioteca de la Universidad de Sancti Spíritus “José Martí Pérez” y el efecto que esto provocó en la producción científica de los docentes, medido a través de sus indicadores fundamentales. El estudio relacionó las perspectivas cualitativa y cuantitativa al seleccionar sus métodos y técnicas propios. Los principales resultados se integraron en cuatro grupos: análisis de la auditoría de información; análisis del programa de alfabetización informacional; análisis del efecto de los cambios de la gestión de información de la biblioteca como caso de estudio en los indicadores de producción científica; reflexiones en torno a los resultados globales. La investigación evidenció la utilidad de dichas herramientas de la gestión de información para lograr un efecto sostenido en los indicadores de los procesos sustantivos de estas instituciones educativas.Palabras clave: gestión de la información, bibliotecas universitarias, producción científica, auditoría informacional, alfabetización informacional.Using Information Management Tools in University Libraries, Effect on Scientific Activity: Case StudyAbstractThis article aims to show the results of the implementation of tools for information management of the Library of the University of Sancti Spíritus “José Martí Pérez” and the effect that had on the scientific production of the same, measured in their fundamentals. For this descriptive research linking qualitative and quantitative methods, tools, techniques and seeks to identify the characteristic behavior in the scientific production of the university from management tools selected for this information are made. The main results were integrated into four groups: analysis of audit information; analysis of information literacy program; analysis of the effect of changes in information management library, as a case study in scientific output indicators; reflections on the overall results. The most important conclusion is evident the need to include these tools of information management in a continuous cycle in the university library, for information management requires ongoing review for sustained effect on indicators of substantive processes university.Keywords: Information management, university libraries, scientific production, information audits, information literacy.
Analysis of Apical Transportation and Canal Centering Ability During Root Canal Preparation by Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (in Vitro Study)
Authors: Amin Khelan , Faraj Bestoon
Published: May 2019

Objective: One of the goals of root canal preparation is to clean and shape the root canal system while maintaining the original configuration. So, it is essential to keep the instruments centered on providing a correct enlargement, Canal transportation is a common sequel caused by instrumentation, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the canal shaping efficacy of WaveOne® Gold, NiTiflex, and a stainless-steel K-files by CBCT.

Methods: Sixty extracted curved single root premolars were selected, from Shorsh dental center and private clinic and divided into three equal groups. Before preparation, all samples numbered and scanned by CBCT. Then, the first group (n=20) were prepared with WaveOne Gold rotary file, the second group (n=20) were prepared by NiTiFlex hand file, and the third group (n= 20) were prepared by stainless steel files. Canal transportation and centering ability before and after root canal shaping assessed using CBCT and Adobe Photoshop CS3 Extended. The amount and direction of canal transportation in the apical third of each instrument determined in three axial sections of 2mm, 3mm, and 4mm from the apex, while the centering ability of each instrument determined in 5 axial sections of 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, and 10mm from the apex. The three groups were statistically compared using one way ANOVA test.

Results: It was reviled that there were no statistically significant differences in the magnitude of canal transportation between three groups (p > 0.05) at 2 mm, 3 mm as well as 4 mm from the apex, while in group one  (WaveOne Gold) showed significantly lower mean canal transportation as compared to other two groups. The centering ability was statistically significant in 2 mm axial section, WaveOne Gold had better-centering ability than NiTiFlex and Stainless steel hand file. While in other sections the difference was nonsignificant. 

Conclusions: The difference between the three groups was non-significant regarding transportation, while in apical part WaveOne Gold has better-centering ability than the other two groups.
Lexical-Semantic Classification of Cognitive Psych Verbs in Ukrainian, German and English
Authors: Korenkova Oleksandra
Published: May 2019

The article deals with the concept and lexical-semantic classification of the gnostic mental state verbs on the material of modern Ukrainian, German and English languages. Particular attention is given to determination of common and distinctive features in the semantics of the gnostic mental state verbs in Ukrainian, German and English. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the definition of the concept and lexical-semantic features of the gnostic mental state verbs as a separate lexical-semantic class in each of the researched languages, which might lead to the further development of the study of lexics denoting mental states. The lexical-semantic classification of the gnostic mental verbs in Ukrainian, German and English, identification of common and distinctive features in the researched languages was made basing on the body of the authoritative dictionaries of modern Ukrainian, German and English languages. The results of the statistical processing of the dictionary samples helped to establish the degree of productivity of lexical-semantic groups in each of the above mentioned languages. The analysis of already made attempts to create some classifications of gnostic mental states in psychology and verbal lexicon, which denotes gnostic mental states in linguistics, revealed the absence of an adequate classification and description of these notions – ” gnostic mental state” and ” gnostic mental verbs”. Systematic analysis of the scientific data provided an opportunity to define the gnostic mental verbs in the research and describe the features of this verbal class on the lexical-semantic level within the framework of comparative research on the material of Ukrainian, German and English.
The Derivational Paradigm of the Verb (on the Material of E. Hutsalo Fiction Prose)
Authors: Zaiets Valentyna
Published: May 2019

The productivity of word-formation types of the verbs has been examined. The analysis of verbal prose formants (usedin Y. Hutsalo’s prose) has been made. The examples confirmed the normative way of verbal wordformation during the period of 80-s years of the previous century. The role and the meaning of formants in verbal models’ formation have been shown. The attention has been focused on the verbal affixes in fiction. The role of word-formation formants for conveying the productivity of action, process, and state has been revealed. The connotative meanings of word-formation means in the text of art prose has been clarified. The role of formant for designation of the beginning of action, dynamism of action, completeness of action has been defined. The role of affixes for designation of non-repeating immediate action, qualitative characteristic of onetime action, procedurality of action has been proven. The formants used for transferring of the qualitative nomination of one-time complete action have been specified. The seldom used by the author affixes, which were used for the explication of a negative evaluation of action reaction effect have been looked upon. Often used formants for producing the word-formation types of verbs in the fiction text have been designated. The possibility of a verb to transfer the dynamics of action has been proved with the examples.
Demographics and follow up of post partum intra-uterine copper device in tertiary hospital in Delhi, India
Authors: Garg Nidhi , Sarkar Bani , Singla Saloni , Meena Rajesh Kumar
Published: May 2019

Background: Increasing unintended pregnancies in post partum females in our country warrants urgent attention towards prevalence and efficacy of contraceptives used. This study was done to determine the prevalence of PPIUCD and its follow up in patients attending tertiary hospital in New Delhi, India.Methods: Prospective study was carried in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India over a period of 1 year from July 2017 to July 2018. The awareness and prevalence of PPIUCD was assessed. At 6 week follow-up visit, women with PPIUCD were asked for symptoms of unusual vaginal discharge, irregular or heavy bleeding per vagina, and any expulsions if noticed. All the data was recorded and assessed.Results: Out of 1478 deliveries, 1372 were eligible for PPIUCD. 335 patients got PPIUCD inserted. 295 patients were followed as 40 patients were lost to follow up. 79.3% women did not have any complaints. 11.8%, 1% and 7.4% women had only heavy menstrual bleeding, only lower abdominal pain and both symptoms respectively. Spontaneous expulsion rate was noted in one patient (0.3%) at 6 weeks. IUCD removal was done in 4 patients who had complaints of pain and heavy menstrual bleeding not conservatively managed.Conclusions: PPIUCD insertion is a safe, convenient and effective method of contraception. The benefits of contraception immediately after delivery outweigh disadvantage of complications. Antenatal counseling and follow up in hospitals need to be strengthened to increase awareness and acceptability of PPIUCD.
A prospective observational study involving three fixed infusion regimens of phenylephrine for hemodynamic support during spinal anaesthesia for caesarian delivery
Authors: Masood Aymen , Rasool Ajaiz , Mir Aabid Hussain , Neesa Waqurl , Farooqi Ayaz
Published: May 2019

Background: Spinal anaesthesia used in caesarian section is associated with hypotension which can have maternal and fetal side effects. To determine the efficacy and ideal dosing of Phenylephrine in attenuating the hypotensive episodes during caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.Methods: 100 patients were allocated to four groups, placebo group (PE 0) and 3 fixed phenylephrine infusion regimens, phenylephrine 25 μg/min-1 (PE 25), phenylephrine 50 μg/min-1 (PE 50), and phenylephrine 75 μg/min-1 (PE 75). Blood pressure, heart rate were noted among primary variables and fetal parameters like umbilical blood pH and lactate were recorded as secondary parameters.Results: There was a significant reduction in heart rate with increasing the infusion dosage of phenylephrine, with a mean of 86.8 beats/min at the end of procedure in placebo group and 69.4 beats/min in 75 μg group (p value <0.001). There was significant statistical difference among systolic blood pressure in the four groups after 7 min of the procedure and p-value of <0.05 with better attenuation of hypotension in infusion groups as compared to placebo. Similarly there was significant statistical difference in diastolic blood pressure among the four groups after 8 min of the procedure with p values <0.05.Conclusions: Prophylactic phenylephrine infusions reduced the incidence and severity of maternal pre-delivery hypotension. Among the fixed rate phenylephrine infusion regimens investigated, infusion rates of 50 μg/min-1 were associated with greater maternal hemodynamic stability compared with 25 and 75 μg/min-1, with minimal side effects and intervention.
Role of endometriosis fertility index system in predicting non-IVF conception in patients with surgically documented endometriosis
Authors: T. Fessy Louis , Naveen Deepa , P. Ramesh , Gopinath Parasuram , K. Gopinathan K.
Published: May 2019

Background: Endometriosis still remains an enigmatic disease. There are important reasons to stage endometriosis and to prognosticate the chances of pregnancy after a surgical management. The currently used revised AFS system has poor correlation with pregnancy rate. A scoring system-Endometriosis fertility index (EFI) to prognosticate the outcome was proposed few years back. The objective was to assess the usefulness of the EFI system in predicting pregnancy in patients with surgically documented endometriosis who attempt Non-IVF conception.Methods: Retrospective data was collected from 77 subjects with endometriosis who underwent laparoscopy and had documented least function (LF) score and EFI score. All were followed up until 12 months for the occurrence of a non IVF pregnancy.Results: Our study showed that the pregnancy rate was clearly higher in those with high EFI scores than those with low scores. A score of less than 4 was associated with significantly lower pregnancy rates than those with score above 5 (n=26, pregnancy rate- 11.54%) vs. (n=51, pregnancy rate 50.1%); p = 0.001)). Similarly, the pregnancy rate was significantly lower in those with LF score 1-3 (21.2%) as opposed to those with higher LF scores (p =0.029). Also, sensitivity analysis showed that higher EFI score was significantly associated with higher LF score (P <0.001).Conclusions: EFI is a useful clinical tool that predicts pregnancy with reasonable accuracy after endometriosis surgery. Its use clearly provides reassurance to those patients with good prognosis.
Association between clinical diagnosis of foetal distress with umbilical artery acidaemia at birth in women undergoing caesarean section for foetal distress
Authors: Gandhi Garima , Chandnani Kavita
Published: May 2019

Background: The risks of maternal morbidity and mortality associated with a caesarean section may not be reasonably justified by the degree of neonatal compromise at birth associated with caesarean section done for clinically diagnosed foetal distress. The aim was to study the association of clinical diagnosis of non-reassuring foetal status with umbilical artery acidaemia at birth in women undergoing caesarean section for foetal distress and to evaluate outcomes in neonates born by caesarean section performed for foetal distress.Methods: Prospective observational study of all the women undergoing emergency caesarean section for foetal distress at a tertiary care teaching facility over 2 months. Criteria for diagnosis of foetal distress were thick meconium stained liquor only or foetal heart rate abnormality with or without meconium stained liquor. Testing for pH was done on arterial blood drawn from umbilical cord at the time of birth. Acidaemia was defined as cord blood pH less than 7.2.  Severe acidaemia was defined as cord blood pH less than 7.0.Results: Cord blood pH was analysed in 110 caesareans done for foetal distress. Incidence of neonatal acidaemia at birth in study population was 53.6%.Conclusions: Much lower incidence of actual acidaemia and low Apgar scores in neonates born by caesarean section done for clinical diagnosis of foetal distress than previously reported indicate the need for more stringent criteria and more objective tests for diagnosis of foetal distress.
The study of efficacy of injection iron sucrose in treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy
Authors: Singh Akhileshwar , Singh Sanjay , Sharma Anuj
Published: May 2019

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anaemia in pregnancy amounting to almost 50% of pregnant ladies in India. All pregnant women, irrespective of haemoglobin status, should receive prophylactic doses of iron from second trimester. Iron sucrose has an advantage of being cost effective and readily available. The objective of this was to study the efficacy of injection Iron Sucrose in treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy.Methods: About106 patients were given in injection iron sucrose in pregnancy, who had intolerance to oral iron or were non-compliant, in pre calculated (Ganzoni’s formula) doses and were followed up with rise in hemoglobin and ferritin after 6 weeks and at term.Results: Statistically significant increase in hemoglobin levels was observed at 6 weeks after initiation of treatment (9.689±0.821 gm% vs 10.906±0.775 gm%) as well as at term (mean 10.981±0.690 gm%). The serum ferritin levels too increased significantly at term (26.7 ng/mL±12.92 vs 65.34 ng/mL±15.73).Conclusions: Present study demonstrates that iron sucrose is an excellent option to treat iron deficiency anemia in patients where oral iron therapy has either failed or not suitable. It significantly increases hemoglobin levels in the study population. It is readily available in the market and can be infused on an outpatient basis.
A case report on ruptured interstitial ectopic pregnancy: diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Sharma Suman S. , Gokhale A. V. , Agrawal Shonali
Published: May 2019

The ectopic pregnancy occurs when implantation of the blastocyst takes place in a site other than the endometrium of the uterine cavity. Interstitial ectopic pregnancies are gestations that implant within the proximal, intramural portion of the fallopian tubes with high vascularity. Ectopic pregnancy in the interstitial part of the fallopian tubes can be life-threatening considering the thin myometrial tissue surrounding the gestational sac and high vascularization which may result in catastrophic haemorrhage when interstitium is ruptured. Being a hazardous type of ectopic pregnancy, it becomes extremely important to diagnose and manage it. This condition presents a challenge for clinical as well as radiological diagnosis. Generally, a case of interstitial ectopic pregnancy has typical radiological features distinguishing it from other ectopic. The ultrasonographic finding of interstitial line has better sensitivity (80%) and specificity (98%) than eccentric gestational sac location (sensitivity, 40%; specificity, 88%) and myometrial thinning (sensitivity, 40%; specificity, 93%) for the diagnosis of interstitial ectopic pregnancy. Ultrasound is the mainstay of diagnosis, but magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful in unusual or complicated cases. Interstitial ectopic pregnancy rupturing into the leaves of broad ligament and creating a tamponade effect to alter the clinical presentation is a rare event which presents as a diagnostic challenge. Here authors present a case of ruptured interstitial ectopic pregnancy confined to the leaves of broad ligament, with atypical presentation and radiological features which led to difficulty in diagnosing the interstitial ectopic pregnancy. After laparoscopic confirmation of ruptured interstitial ectopic pregnancy, the patient was managed successfully by laparoscopic cornual resection.
Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach: early experience in a single centre
Authors: N. Siddhartha Chakravarthy , Cherian Anish Jacob , Abraham Deepak Thomas , M. J. Paul
Published: May 2019

Background: Conventional open thyroidectomy is associated with a visible scar in the neck which may cause significant psychological distress to some patients, especially young women. Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) is an adaptation of the natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) technique to thyroid surgery and allows for a scarless surgery with minimal dissection.Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed all TOETVA surgeries performed at the department of endocrine surgery between August 2016 and July 2018. Protocol for selecting patients for this novel approach included patients with clinically benign thyroid nodules less than 6cm in diameter, with a strong preference for scarless surgery. The surgery was performed endoscopically through the inferior oral vestibule using conventional laparoscopic instruments.Results: A total of 11 patients were included. The mean size of the thyroid nodules was 3.72 cm. Hemithyroidectomy was performed in 7 patients and total thyroidectomy in 4. The median operative time was 150 minutes for hemithyroidectomy and 225 minutes for total thyroidectomy. One patient required conversion to open thyroidectomy due to excessive bleeding. Adverse effects included transient mental nerve palsy in 2 patients, temporary RLN palsy in 1 patient and temporary hpoparathyroidism in 1 patient. All 10 patients who underwent successful TOETVA reported satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome.Conclusions: TOETVA can be used to offer scar free thyroidectomy in appropriately selected patients. Attention to the anatomy of the mental nerve is essential to prevent nerve injury. Additionally the relatively longer operative time could lessen with increasing operator experience.
A study of clinical presentations and management of cholelithiasis
Authors: Kumar B. Sathish , Reddy Venkat , Reddy V. Suryanarayana , C. Ram Mohan , Koneru Jahnavi
Published: May 2019

Background: Cholelithiasis or gallstones, is one of the most common and costly of all the gastrointestinal diseases. Gallstones are associated with high-calorie diets, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinism, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. The aim of the study was to analysis the incidence, clinical presentations, and management of cholelithiasis in tertiary care Hospital at Karimnagar, Telangana, India.Methods: This study was a prospective study; total 50 patients were enrolled in this study. The study was conducted at Department of Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar from September 2016 to September 2017. The data were analyzed and evaluated for clinical profile, management options of cholelithiasis.Results: The present study shows gallstones diseases are a common problem in female population. The female to male ratio is 3:2. Age, gender and incidence statistically there was no significant in this study.Conclusions: Gallstones analysis showed mixed stone in 90% of the cases and cholesterol stones in 8% of the cases as the most common variety. The period of post-operative stay in our study was 7 days for open cholecystectomy and 3 days for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in majority of the cases.
Angiomyolipoma of colon: unusual presentation
Authors: Gandhi Vidhyachandra , Karnik Swapnil , Pai Nitin , Hegde Sujai
Published: May 2019

Angiomyolipomas are benign mesenchymal tumors mostly arising from the kidney. Angiomyolipoma of the colon is extremely rare. Here we report the findings of a 72 years gentleman who presented with recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and fullness of one year duration. Colonoscopy was suggestive of polypoidal lesion in the descending colon. CECT abdomen revealed a colocolic intussusception in the descending colon with lipoma as a leading point. He underwent a standard left hemicolectomy. Histopathological examination showed that the tumor of 5.7 cm in diameter included smooth muscle (spindle cell type), mature adipose tissue, and vessels, and therefore a diagnosis of angiomyolipoma was made. We believe this is the second report of colonic angiomyolipoma presenting with colocolic intussusception.
Human immunodeficiency virus and HBV co-infection: independent entities, together by coincidence?
Authors: Mathur Ajay , Goyal Laxmi Kant , Gupta Arvind Kumar , Hooja Nupur , Yadav R. N.
Published: May 2019

Background: To ascertain the prevalence of HBV among HIV-infected, treatment- naïve patients visiting a tertiary care centre in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.Methods: An observation analytic study was done at a tertiary care centre affiliated to medical college with retrospective analysis of the hospital data of 30 calendar months. During this period routine diagnostic screening of HIV infection and HBV infection was offered to every suspected patient admitted in hospital and every pregnant woman visiting antenatal care clinic. Patients with documentary evidence of HIV infection and history of Hepatitis B vaccination in last 30 days are not screened for these infections at our centre. The HIV screening was done as per NACO guidelines. The HBV screening was done using commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits (ELISA) for detection of surface antigen (HBsAg).Results: The study prevalence of HIV infection was 0.11% (40/35289). The prevalence was more in male (0.45%) than females (0.06%). HBV was not detected in any of the HIV positive patient in this study. The study prevalence of HIV among pregnant females was 0.05% (10/22026).Conclusions: In this study, prevalence of HIV infection was 0.11%. The study prevalence of HIV among pregnant females was 0.05%. Other than pregnant women, maximum positive cases (13/30, 43.33% positive cases) were in the age group of 25-34 years (sexually active group). No patient had HIV and HBV co-infection.
A study to assess valvular heart disease in a tertiary care hospital: a single centre finding
Authors: Ghogale Prakash R. , Wanjari Shishir K. , Singh Daneshwar , N. Hanumanth , Mendhe Harshal G.
Published: May 2019

Background: Diseases of the heart valves constitute a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide with an enormous burden on healthcare resources. The present study was undertaken to study incidence and demography of valvular heart disease, to assess echocardiography and colour doppler findings of patients with valvular heart disease and to find out complications in patients with valvular heart disease.Methods: A hospital based longitudinal case study was undertaken at medicine department of Dr. V.M. Government Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India for a period of two years. One hundred and twenty-four (124) patients attending OPD participated in the study.Results: In the present study, out of 124 patients, mitral valve was most commonly involved, 105(84.67%) and the least common involved was tricuspid 1(0.81%). The most common aetiology was rheumatic origin 75(94.94%). In the present study the most common complication was pulmonary hypertension 69(55.65%), followed by congestive cardiac failure (33.87%), acute pulmonary edema (12.09%), infective endocarditis (4.84%), cerebrovascular accident (4.03%), left atrial thrombus (3.23%) and death (3.23%).Conclusions: Multiple valves were affected in more than a third of all cases, although recent research in India continue to demonstrate a declining trend in the prevalence of RHD, rheumatic involvement is still the dominant form of valvular heart disease in India.
A study on outcome of rodenticide poisoning patients admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital in relation to the chemical content of that poison
Authors: K. Lokesh N. , M. Shivakumar K. , D. Yamunaraj S.
Published: May 2019

Background: Poisoning is the major health problem in India. Rodenticides are the commonest poisoning in Asian countries like India. Rodenticides are the substance used to kill rats. Prognosis mainly depends on chemical content of poison.Methods: This retrospective record-based study was conducted between January 2017 to December 2017 at government hospital department of general medicine, MIMS, Mandya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Data regarding age, sex, marital status, occupation, type of poison, route of exposure, and outcome of poisoning and associated co-morbid conditions were collected from the hospital records and documented in the pre-structured proforma. Descriptive analysis was carried out by the mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables, frequency and proportion for categorical variables.Results: Out of 56 patients 33 (59%) were female 23 (41%) were male. Most common age group was 20 to 30 years, followed by 31 to 40 years group. Most common poison was yellow phosphorous (41%), followed by aluminium phosphide (29%). Most common complication was hepatitis (20%),followed by cardiogenic shock (9%).Total mortality was 3 (5%).Conclusions: Among rodenticides yellow phosphorous was most common consumed poison in present study. Aluminium phosphorus was most lethal poison. Even though there is no specific antidote, early symptomatic treatment is the key in reducing the mortality.
Essay Review: Collecting naturalia, simplicia and pigmenta in the Netherlands
Authors: Boulboullé Jenny
Published: May 2019

For centuries, medical practitioners and artisans have shared a keen interest in naturalia: naturally occurring, (mostly dried) materials deriving from plants or animals, that were sourced locally or imported into Europe via global trade routes. Many of these drugs (Dutch: ‘drogerijen’), paint- and dyestuff were commonly known among physicians and apothecaries as simples, simplicia, or materia medica. International scholarship has shown an increasing interest in the study of simples, natural colorants and the entangled histories of historical simplicia and naturalia collections with an inter- or multidisciplinary approach. In this review essay, I will spotlight three important Dutch contributions in this field. All of these recent publications make collections of simplicia, naturalia and art materials in the Netherlands accessible to a broader readership and pave the way for more multi-coloured histories of this rich cultural heritage.
Ameliorating Effect Of Gamma Irradiated Chicory Against Carbon Tetra-Chloride Induced Kidney And Testis Damage In Rat
Authors: Ezzati Ghadi Fereshteh , Ramzani Ghara Abdollah , Rodbari Zahar
Published: May 2019

Background and purpose: Gamma radiation can affect the content of phytochemicals. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of gamma irradiated chichorium intybus L. root extract to protect against carbon tetra-chloride (CCl4) induced kidneys and testes injury.Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into six groups according to treatment: I) control, II) CCl4 (1ml/kg body weight by intraperitoneal injection (IP)), III) gamma irradiated chicory root extract (500 mg/kg body weight) + CCl4, IV) non-irradiated chicory root extract (500 mg/kg body weight) + CCl4, V) gamma irradiated chicory root extract, and VI) non-irradiated chicory root extract. The level of BUN and creatinine, and also histological study of kidney and testis tissues were estimated twenty-four hours after the last treatment at the end of four weeks.Results: Gamma irradiated chicory root extract significantly decreased elevated level of BUN and creatinine in the serum of CCl4 treated rats. Histological evaluation revealed that gamma and non-irradiated chicory root extract treatment to CCl4 rats demonstrated reduce Bowman’s space and basement thickening of kidney. Moreover, the results showed the normalization of testes of CCl4 treated animals in group III and IV.Conclusion: The gamma irradiated chicory root showed kidney and testis protection against CCl4 in rats. Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that chicory has a potent protective effect more than non-irradiated chicory root extract due to containing phenolic content.
The Relationship between Daily Spiritual Experiences and General Health of the Elderly Registered in the Retirement Center of Isfahan
Authors: Sharifi Somayeh , Moeini Mahin , Bromand Saba , Binayi Niloofar
Published: May 2019

Background and Purpose: A significant proportion of retired people who are close to the elderly age, experience the loss of physical and mental symptoms of general health, while on the other hand, the spiritual needs of the elderly is greater than other age groups due to their problems. Therefore, this study focused on one of the most important recent innovations in the concept and measurement of spirituality which meant the scale of daily spiritual experience and its relationship with general health of retired people.Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was done among 190 retired elderly who were referred to Isfahan retirement center and were selected through simple sampling. The information was collected via demographic variables, general health questioner, and daily spiritual experiences scale. Data analysis was also done by SPSS Software 21 through descriptive statistical tests, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, and ANOVA.Results: In this study, the mean score of general health was 29.67±10.60, and the mean score of their daily spiritual experiences was 73.11±16.9. In addition, the results showed significant and positive correlation between daily spiritual experiences and general health of the elderly (p Conclusion: According to the results, when retired elderly had more daily spiritual experiences, they experienced more general health. So, having a comprehensive view to the elderly spiritual needs in health educating programs, so as to induce more appropriate care, seems necessary.
The Removal of Amoxicillin with Zno Nanoparticles in Combination with US-H2O2 Advanced Oxidation Processes from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Rahdar Somayeh , Ahmadi Shahin
Published: May 2019

Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of zinc oxidenanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in combination with US-H2O2 advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the removal of antibiotic amoxicillin (AMO) from aquatic environment.Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted in a batch reactor system. The effect of the parameters, such as pH (3-8), the dose of nanoparticles (0.01-0.08 g/L), reaction time (10-100 min), the initial concentration of the AMO (150-250 mg/L) and H2O2 (0.1 – 5Mol/L) on the removal efficiency were studied in ultrasonic reactor. The residual AMO concentrations were measured at 190 nm using a UV/Vis spectrophotometer.Results: The results showed that the US-H2O2 advanced oxidation processes using ZnO NPs can effectively lead to the removal of AMO from the wastewater. The optimal conditions for this process were pH 3, 0.1 M of H2O2 and the dose ZnO NPs 0.05 g/L and time of 60 minutes. In the current study, it was found that the removal efficiency dropped with the increasing concentrations of AMO. Under optimal conditions with 150 mg/L of AMO and contact time of 60 min, the efficiency removal was also equal to 92.47%.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that AOP was a very effective method that can be used for the removal of AMO antibiotic from aqueous solutions.
Iranian Primary Healthcare providers` Perspectives on Providing Pre-hospital Emergency Services in Primary Levels of Healthcare System: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Eri Maryam , Kabir Mohammad Javad , Babazadeh Gashti Ashrafi , Mirkarimi Kamal , Heidari Alireza , Mahmoodishan Gholamreza , Mirdarvatan Shirali , Hosseini Rostami Fatemeh
Published: May 2019

Background and purpose: Due to the important role of emergencies and accidents as mainspring of mortality and morbidity, providing emergency services must be taken into account at all levels of health system. The aim of this study was to investigate the perspectives of healthcare providers on providing pre-hospital emergency services and its challenges in primary healthcare (PHC) levels in Golestan Province, northern Iran.Materials and Methods: The researchers conducted 31 interviews totally (n=21 community health workers and n=10 family physicians) using semi-structured and in-depth interviews in Golestan Province, north of Iran in the year 2014. All interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed. The collected data was then analyzed through qualitative content analysis.Results: In total, three categories were identified related to emergency services in the primary healthcare system, including 1) Different status of  providing primary preventive and emergency care in primary healthcare levels, 2) Need to develop the emergency services in health houses, and 3) Challenges of providing appropriate emergency services in the primary levels of healthcare system, such as lack of physical and human resources, weakness in monitoring and education system, inadequate skills, motivation in health team, heavy workload, and insufficient cooperation with other related organizations.Conclusion: The primary levels of healthcare system were not properly serviced in emergencies. They were also faced with numerous challenges that necessitate health policy makers to plan for promoting and providing required services at this level of healthcare system.
NEED ANALYSIS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF WRITING COMPETENCY TEST FOR FOREIGN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Rahmawati Laili Etika , Suwandi Sarwiji , Saddhono Kundharu , Setiawan Budhi
Published: May 2019

Purpose of Study: This study aims to explore the needs of BIPA learners and BIPA program managers. The research strategy applied in this research is descriptive explanatory. The subjects of this study are foreign students of Darmasiswa and KNB programs and the managers of BIPA programs at Muhammadiyah Universities that manage BIPA programs.

Methodology: Data collection is done by document (document analysis), participant observation, in-depth interviewing, and questionnaire. The data validity test is done by data triangulation technique, investigative triangulation, and source triangulation.

Results: Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that there is a difference of need between BIPA learner and BIPA manager in developing writing competence test for foreign students.

Implications/Applications: This has an impact on the importance of needs considerations as a basis for developing the competency test of foreign students writing.
AGRESSÕES ONLINE E CULTURA DIGITAL: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O CYBERBULLYING COMO OBJETO DE PESQUISA
Authors: Castro Camila Sandim de , Zuin Antônio Álvaro Soares
Published: May 2019

A violência escolar continua sendo objeto de investigação de diferentes pesquisas acadêmicas nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento científico, principalmente nas Ciências Humanas. Majoritariamente discutida como algo que precisa ser entendido para ser prevenida e até mesmo erradicada do espaço escolar, a violência, atualmente, tem se manifestado de forma inédita através dos casos de cyberbullying. Quando comparado às conhecidas manifestações de bullying escolar, o cyberbullying vem sendo entendido como uma forma mais sofisticada e ainda mais cruel de violência ao se utilizar dos aparatos tecnológicos para agredir e humilhar as vítimas. Em função do crescimento da prática de cyberbullying verificada pelo aumento significativo de vídeos publicados no ciberespaço contendo agressões contra professores e do número incipiente de pesquisas científicas na área da Educação sobre tal fenômeno, o objetivo deste artigo é compreender de que modo o tema cyberbullying é investigado como objeto de pesquisa nas produções acadêmicas brasileiras realizadas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação que discutem tal temática.
Palavras-chave: Cyberbullying. Cultura Digital. Pesquisa em Educação. Tecnologias.
A VIOLÊNCIA NA ESCOLA E OS ADOLESCENTES EM CONFLITO COM A LEI: ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Batista Thellma Vieira , Tiellet Maria do Horto Salles , Stefano Daniel , Medeiros Marcos Ferreira
Published: May 2019

O texto em pauta apresenta resultados parciais da pesquisa “Atendimento escolar dos adolescentes que se encontram em conflito com a lei no município de Arenápolis-MT” e tem por objetivo refletir sobre a percepção dos professores acerca da violência no ambiente escolar e a relação desta com a presença, na escola, de alunos adolescentes em conflito com a lei. Nosso referencial teórico tem por base os autores: Aquino (1998); Abramovay (2002); Chizzotti (2016); Charlot (2002), entre outros. Buscamos resposta para a seguinte questão: qual a percepção dos professores sobre a violência no ambiente escolar e a frequência na escola de alunos adolescentes em conflito com a lei? A pesquisa é qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso cuja abordagem é fenomenológica. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram a observação e a fonte documental. Constatamos um discurso, entre os professores, de rejeição e de vitimização coexistindo com o medo e a insegurança frente aos adolescentes em conflito com a lei.
Palavras-chave: Adolescentes infratores. Violência na escola. Conflitos.
Actitudes explícitas ante el resalte gráfico en la tradición discursiva periodística española de los siglos XVIII y XIX
Authors: Rivas Zancarrón Manuel
Published: May 2019

Con el desarrollo de los tipos móviles de imprenta, la inclinación de la letra pasó de tener un efecto de formato general (solo se componían así libros con un contenido específico) a ser el indicativo de un proceso de alienación dentro del texto, en donde lo resaltado respondería a la necesidad del autor, redactor o cajista de querer desentenderse de las ideas o expresiones escondidas tras la letra inclinada. Con este trabajo queremos dar conocimiento del enorme potencial descriptivo que ofrece este elemento tipográfico para el análisis de las actitudes ante la lengua en un periodo concreto de la historia del español, pues el uso del resalte podría revelar en muchas ocasiones manifestaciones concebidas como no normativas o rechazos explícitos de expresiones que atentaran contra la pureza del idioma. Después de considerar los aportes metodológicos de la sociolingüística histórica y de la corriente que responde a la etiqueta de “tradiciones discursivas”, hemos procedido a delimitar los usos de la letra cursiva según las manifestaciones explícitas aparecidas en la prensa española de los siglos XVIII y XIX. Este examen se concibe como un primer paso en la investigación del resalte tipográfico en textos periodísticos, pues serán los propios autores los que determinen cuándo y por qué se inclina la letra en lo impreso. Luego corresponde al investigador —en función del formato y tipo textual— extraer las actitudes que han llevado al autor, redactor o cajista a modificar la silueta de la letra.
Los primeros intentos de delimitación moderna de la frontera pirenaica: la Comisión franco-española Caro-Ornano y su legado cartográfico (1784-1792) = The first modern attempts to delimit the Pyrenean border: the Caro-Ornano Franco-Spanish commission and its cartographic legacy (1784-1792)
Authors: García Álvarez Jacobo , Puyo Jean-Yves
Published: May 2019

Resumen: El presente artículo aborda los primeros intentos de delimitación moderna de la frontera pirenaica, acometidos a lo largo del siglo XVIII. En particular, se analizan los trabajos cartográficos de la Comisión de Límites Caro-Ornano (1784-1792), en relación con la cual se creó una brigada de ingenieros militares de ambos países a la que se encargó, principalmente, el levantamiento de un mapa detallado de la totalidad de la frontera hispanofrancesa. Aunque inconcluso, este mapa, levantado mediante métodos trigonométricos modernos, supone una aportación fundamental y singular en la historia de la cartografía pirenaica y peninsular, tanto por su calidad científica y grado de detalle como por la colaboración internacional que su elaboración implicó.Palabras claves: Frontera hispano-francesa, límites, Comisión Caro-Ornano, cartografía, conocimiento geográfico y militar.Abstract: This article examines the first attempts to establish a modern delimitation of the Pyrenean border between Spain and France during the 18th century. Particular attention is paid to the cartographic work of the Caro-Ornano Boundary Commission (1784-1792), whose military engineers were in structed to plot a detailed map of the entire Spanish-French border. Although unfinished, the map was designed using modern trigonometric methods and thus represents an outstanding contribution to the history of cartography, both for its scientific quality and detail and for the international collaboration that it entailed.Key words: Franco-Spanish border, Boundaries, CaroOrnano Commission, cartography, geographical and military knowledge.
Proprietary Algorithms for Polygenic Risk: Protecting Scientific Innovation or Hiding the Lack of It?
Authors: Janssens A. Cecile J.W.
Published: May 2019

Direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies aim to predict the risks of complex diseases using proprietary algorithms. Companies keep algorithms as trade secrets for competitive advantage, but a market that thrives on the premise that customers can make their own decisions about genetic testing should respect customer autonomy and informed decision making and maximize opportunities for transparency. The algorithm itself is only one piece of the information that is deemed essential for understanding how prediction algorithms are developed and evaluated. Companies should be encouraged to disclose everything else, including the expected risk distribution of the algorithm when applied in the population, using a benchmark DNA dataset. A standardized presentation of information and risk distributions allows customers to compare test offers and scientists to verify whether the undisclosed algorithms could be valid. A new model of oversight in which stakeholders collaboratively keep a check on the commercial market is needed.
On the correlation of time series in ecology of aquatic systems
Authors: Tikhonov Dmitry Anatol’evich , Medvinsky Alexander Berel’evich
Published: May 2019

A method for estimating the mutual influence of short time series, which is based on extension of the concept of spectral entropy to the spectra of cross-correlation functions is developed. Algorithms of calculations and programs are given. The time series of plankton abundance in the lake ecosystem, which is situated in the Republic of Belarus, are analyzed in order to identify mutual correlations. Correlations between the bacterioplankton abundance and variations in seasonal temperature are identified. The peculiarities of interrelations between the abundances of zooplankton/phytoplankton and temperature depending on the reservoir are analysed.