bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consensus Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treat-To-Target Management of Osteoporosis in Chronic Kidney Disease Stages G4-G5D and Post-transplantation: An Initiative of Egyptian Academy of Bone Health
Authors: El Miedany Yasser , Gadallah Naglaa Ali , Sarhan Eman , Toth Mathias , Hasab El Naby Mona Mansour , Elwy Mohamed , Ganeb Sahar , El Gaafary Maha , Mortada Mohamed , Nasef Samah Ismail , Mohannad Nevine , Mahran Safaa Ali , Abu-Zaid Mohammed Hassan , Eissa Mervat , Hassan Waleed , Medhat Basma M , Ghaleb Rasha , Tabra Samar Abdelhamed , Saber Heba Gamal , Ibrahim Rehab Ali , Saber Sally , Galal Salwa
Published: October 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to reach a consensus on an updated version of the recommendations for the diagnosis and Treat-to-Target management of osteoporosis that is effective and safe for individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) G4-G5D/kidney transplant. Methods: Delphi process was implemented (3 rounds) to establish a consensus on 10 clinical domains: (1) study targets, (2) risk factors, (3) diagnosis, (4) case stratification, (5) treatment targets, (6) investigations, (7) medical management, (8) monitoring, (9) management of special groups, (10) fracture liaison service. After each round, statements were retired, modified, or added in view of the experts’ suggestions, and the percent agreement was calculated. Statements receiving rates of 7–9 by more than 75% of experts’ votes were considered as achieving consensus. Results: The surveys were sent to an expert panel (n = 26), of whom 23 participated in the three rounds (2 were international experts and 21 were national). Most of the participants were rheumatologists (87%), followed by nephrologists (8.7%), and geriatric physicians (4.3%). Eighteen recommendations, categorized into 10 domains, were obtained. Agreement with the recommendations (rank 7–9) ranged from 80 to 100%. Consensus was reached on the wording of all 10 clinical domains identified by the scientific committee. An algorithm for the management of osteoporosis in CKD has been suggested. Conclusion: A panel of international and national experts established a consensus regarding the management of osteoporosis in CKD patients. The developed recommendations provide a comprehensive approach to assessing and managing osteoporosis for all healthcare professionals involved in its management.
Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Angiographic Findings of Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Associated with Postpartum
Authors: Nakano Yumiko , Fujiwara Shunya , Omote Yoshio , Takamiya Motonori , Narai Hisashi , Manabe Yasuhiro
Published: October 2022

We report 2 cases of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) associated with postpartum. In case 1, a 26-year-old woman developed sudden-onset headache, nausea, and vomiting 1 h after an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. In case 2, a 27-year-old woman developed generalized seizures 9 days after an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. In both cases, initial angiographic studies showed no significant vasoconstriction; however, repeat studies revealed reversible vasoconstriction. Serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed transient brain lesions during 6 months. RCVS remains poorly characterized, misdiagnosed, and under-recognized. Serial MRI and magnetic resonance angiographic findings may contribute to diagnosis of RCVS.
Relationship between the Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Nondipping Circadian Pattern in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Karayiğit Orhan , Dolu Abdullah Kadir , Çelik Muhammet Cihat , Özkan Can , Demirtaş Bekir
Published: October 2022

Background: Hypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases. Many studies have pointed out that the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), which demonstrates plasma atherogenicity, is correlated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular morbidity, atherosclerosis, and severity of coronary artery disease. Within this context, we tried to evaluate the correlation between nondipping circadian pattern and AIP. Methods: We enrolled 1,030 hypertensive patients (mean age: 53.6 ± 11.4) as part of the target population, separated into different groups based on the circadian blood pressure (BP) pattern taken from dipper and nondipper groups subsequent to 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). We calculated the level of AIP using the log transformation of the ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results: The AIP observed in the nondipper group was remarkably higher than those of the dipper group (p < 0.001). After measuring the 24-h ABPM, we determined that AIP had a weak but significant correlation with nighttime systolic BP (r = 0.090, p = 0.004) and nighttime diastolic BP (r = 0.073, p = 0.019). As for the analysis based on the multivariate logistic regression, high AIP and age were found to be independently associated with the presence of the nondipping pattern. Conclusion: AIP levels are higher in patients with nondipping pattern compared to dipper patients. Additionally, higher levels of AIP are independently associated with the presence of the nondipping pattern in hypertensive patients.
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Resistance Training Added to Caloric Restriction Plus Aerobic Exercise Training in Obese Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Brubaker Peter H. , Nicklas Barbara J. , Houston Denise K. , Hundley W. Gregory , Chen Haiying , Molina Anthony J.A. , Lyles W. Mary , Nelson Benjamin , Upadhya Bharathi , Newland Russell , Kitzman Dalane W.
Published: October 2022

Background:

We have shown that combined caloric restriction (CR) and aerobic exercise training (AT) improve peak exercise O
2
consumption (VO
2peak
), and quality-of-life in older patients with obese heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. However, ≈35% of weight lost during CR+AT was skeletal muscle mass. We examined whether addition of resistance training (RT) to CR+AT would reduce skeletal muscle loss and further improve outcomes.

Methods:

This study is a randomized, controlled, single-blind, 20-week trial of RT+CR+AT versus CR+AT in 88 patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and body mass index (BMI) ≥28 kg/m
2
. Outcomes at 20 weeks included the primary outcome (VO
2peak
); MRI and dual X-ray absorptiometry; leg muscle strength and quality (leg strength ÷ leg skeletal muscle area); and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire.

Results:

Seventy-seven participants completed the trial. RT+CR+AT and CR+AT produced nonsignificant differences in weight loss: mean (95% CI): –8 (–9, –7) versus –9 (–11, –8;
P
=0.21). RT+CR+AT and CR+AT had non-significantly differences in the reduction of body fat [–6.5 (–7.2, –5.8) versus –7.4 (–8.1, –6.7) kg] and skeletal muscle [–2.1 (–2.7, –1.5) versus –2.1 (–2.7, –1.4) kg] (
P
=0.20 and 0.23, respectively). RT+CR+AT produced significantly greater increases in leg muscle strength [4.9 (0.7, 9.0) versus –1.1 (–5.5, 3.2) Nm,
P
=0.05] and leg muscle quality [0.07 (0.03, 0.11) versus 0.02 (–0.02, 0.06) Nm/cm
2
,
P
=0.04]. Both RT+CR+AT and CR+AT produced significant improvements in VO
2peak
[108 (958, 157) versus 80 (30, 130) mL/min;
P
=0.001 and 0.002, respectively], and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score [17 (12, 22) versus 23 (17, 28);
P
=0.001 for both], with no significant between-group differences. Both RT+CR+AT and CR+AT significantly reduced LV mass and arterial stiffness. There were no study-related serious adverse events.

Conclusions:

In older obese heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients, CR+AT produces large improvements in VO
2peak
and quality-of-life. Adding RT to CR+AT increased leg strength and muscle quality without attenuating skeletal muscle loss or further increasing VO
2peak
or quality-of-life.

Registration:

URL:
https://ClincalTrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02636439.
Long-Term Adiposity and Midlife Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Are Linked Partly Through Intermediate Risk Factors
Authors: Zhang Tao , Fan Bingbing , Li Shengxu , Wang Xuan , Kong Yawei , Bazzano Lydia , He Jiang , Chen Wei , Yan Yinkun
Published: October 2022

Objective:

This study aims to determine quantitatively the mediation effects of multiple cardiovascular risk factors on the associations of childhood body mass index (BMI) and its cumulative burden with adult carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT).

Methods:

The longitudinal cohort consisted of 1391 adults who had been examined for BMI 4-15 times over 35.0 years on average since childhood and had data on adult cIMT, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index of plasma, and serum glucose. The area under the curve was used as a measure of cumulative burden of BMI.

Results:

After adjusting for covariates, the total effects (standardized regression coefficient) of childhood BMI (0.138), adult BMI (0.111), and area under the curve of BMI (0.150) on cIMT were all significant (
P
<0.001) without mediators included in the model. The mediation effects of adult systolic blood pressure, glucose, atherogenic index of plasma and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were 8.0%, 4.3%, 3.6%, and 0.0%, respectively, in the model with childhood BMI as the predictor, 23.4%, 15.3%, 12.6%, and 7.2%, respectively, with adult BMI as the predictor, and 14.7%, 8.7%, 6.0%, and 2.0%, respectively, with area under the curve of BMI as the predictor. The direct effects on cIMT were 0.117 (
P
<0.001) for childhood BMI, 0.046 (
P
=0.224) for adult BMI, and 0.103 (
P
<0.001) for area under the curve of BMI after removing the mediation effects.

Conclusions:

The long-term deleterious impact of adiposity on subclinical changes in vascular structure begins early in life and is accumulated over lifetime. Excess adiposity and higher cIMT are linked partly through other cardiovascular risk factors in later life, especially elevated blood pressure and glucose.
Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease Risk Categories and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Total Mortality: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Cohort
Authors: Choi Yuni , Jacobs David R. , Shroff Gautam R. , Kramer Holly , Chang Alexander R. , Duprez Daniel A.
Published: October 2022

Background

Previous studies of worsening chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on declining estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or increasing urine albumin‐creatinine ratio (UACR) are limited to later middle‐age and older adults. We examined associations of CKD progression and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in younger adults.

Methods and Results

We studied 4382 adults in CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) initially aged 27 to 41 years and prospectively over 20 years. Five‐year transition probabilities across CKD risk categories were based on eGFR and UACR measured at each exam. Proportional hazards models predicted incident CVD and all‐cause mortality by time‐varying CKD risk category, adjusting for demographics and CVD risk factors. Progression of CKD risk categories over 20 years occurred in 28.7% (1256/4382) of participants, driven by increases in UACR, but including 5.8% (n=255) with eGFR<60 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
or UACR ≥300 mg/g. Compared with eGFR ≥60 and UACR <10, demographic and smoking‐adjusted hazard ratios for CVD were 1.62 (95% CI, 1.21–2.18) for low CKD risk (eGFR ≥60 with UACR 10–29) and 13.65 (95% CI, 7.52–24.79) for very high CKD risk (eGFR <30 or eGFR 30–44 with UACR 30–299; or eGFR 30–59 with UACR ≥300). Corresponding hazard ratios for all‐cause mortality were 1.42 (95% CI, 1.08–1.88) and 14.75 (95% CI, 9.97–21.82). Although CVD associations were attenuated after adjustment for mediating CVD risk factors, all‐cause mortality associations remained statistically significant.

Conclusions

Among young to middle‐aged adults, progression to higher CKD risk category was common. Routine monitoring eGFR and UACR holds promise for prevention of CVD and total mortality.
Phylactolaemate bryozoans at the Zoological Survey of India and a taxonomic key to Indian Phylactolaemata
Authors: WOOD TIMOTHY S.
Published: October 2022

A review of the phylactolaemate (freshwater) bryozoan collection at the Zoological Survey of India in Kolkata reaches the following conclusions: (1) Fredericella indica Annandale, 1909 from the Indian subcontinent is not the same as the species widely known as F. indica from the northern temperate zones; the latter species name is now changed to Fredericella borealis; (2) Plumatella bigemmis Annandale, 1919 is a junior synonym of Plumatella fungosa Pallas, 1768; (3) Plumatellia persica Annandale, 1919 is a junior synonym of Plumatella casmiana Oka, 1907; (4) Plumatella (Afrindella) testudinicola Annandale, 1912 combines two previously known species: Plumatella bombayensis Annandale, 1908 and Plumatella casmiana Oka, 1907; (5) Rumarcanella minuta (Toriumi, 1941) is a junior synonym of Stolella himalayana Annandale, 1911 which now becomes Rumarcanella himalayana based on statoblast hypertubercles; (6) Plumatella longigemmis Annandale, 1915 and Hyalinella (Australella) indica Annandale, 1915 are both junior synonyms of Hyalinella lendenfeldi (Ridley, 1886); (7) Stolella indica Annandale, 1909, Swarupella andamanensis Rao, 1961 and Swarupella kasetsartensis Wood, 2006, may all be synonymous. The species Plumatella bombayensis is confirmed, and its holotype is re-described. In addition to Fredericella borealis four new species are presented: Plumatella crispa, P. dhritiae, P. paltensis and P. raoi. Validity is rejected for the genera Afrindella, Australella, Stolella, and Swarupella. The genera Rumarcanella and Varunella require refinement and documentation. A taxonomic key to the Indian Phylactolaemata concludes this paper.
Updated description of the adult male of Kuwania bipora Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Kuwaniidae) with a discussion on the relationships of Kuwania with some other archaeococcoid genera
Authors: ZHENG XINYI , WU SAN’AN
Published: October 2022

The genus Kuwania Cockerell in Fernald 1903 (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Kuwaniidae) contains seven species worldwide. The only species in the genus for which the adult male has been described is Kuwania bipora Borchsenius 1960, but the description and illustration are inadequate to clarify taxonomic relationships. This paper describes and illustrates the adult male of K. bipora to modern standards. The relationship of Kuwania to three other archaeococcoid genera, based on the male morphology, is discussed; the morphology of the adult male of Kuwania is closest to that of Neosteingelia Morrison 1927.
Afrotropical weevils of the Cadoderus Marshall generic complex (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae: Embrithini). Part 2. Two new species of the genus Sphrigodellus Marshall, 1942 from Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania
Authors: YUNAKOV NIKOLAI
Published: October 2022

Two new species of the genus Sphrigodellus Marshall, 1942 are described from cloud forests of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. Sphrigodellus griseus sp. n. from Udzungwa Scarp differs from all known species of the genus by the uniform, grey, marmorate coloration of the body, prementum with four setae, C-shaped lobes of endophallic sclerite, and extremely oblong collum of spermatheca. Sphrigodellus marshalli sp. n. is restricted to the Ukami Forest, differs from other species of the genus by the presence of black glabrous granules on the pronotum and female tergite 8 without setae on posterior margin.
New species and records of Sericini of India (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) III
Authors: BHUNIA DEBIKA , GUPTA DEVANSHU , CHANDRA KAILASH , AHRENS DIRK
Published: October 2022

Here we describe two new species from India: Neoserica panchmariensis Bhunia, Gupta, Chandra & Ahrens, new species and N. debasriae Bhunia, Gupta, Chandra & Ahrens, new species. Moreover, Maladera pseudohongkongica Ahrens & Fabrizi, 2016 is recorded from Jharkhand state of India for the first time. Species morphology is described and illustrated, and their distribution is shown on a map.
An Evaluation of Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Structures in the HighResMIP Simulations against Satellite Observations
Authors: Moon Yumin , Kim Daehyun , Wing Allison A. , Camargo Suzana J. , Zhao Ming , Leung L. Ruby , Roberts Malcolm J. , Cha Dong-Hyun , Moon Jihong
Published: October 2022

This study evaluates tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall structures in the CMIP6 HighResMIP global climate model (GCM) simulations against satellite rainfall retrievals. We specifically focus on TCs within the deep tropics (25°S–25°N). Analysis of TC rain rate composites indicates that in comparison to the satellite observations at the same intensity, many HighResMIP simulations tend to overproduce rain rates around TCs, in terms of both maximum rain rate magnitude and area-averaged rain rates. In addition, as model horizontal resolution increases, the magnitude of the peak rain rate appears to increase. However, the area-averaged rain rates decrease with increasing horizontal resolution, partly due to the TC eyewall being located closer to the TC center, thus occupying a smaller area and contributing less to the area-averaged rain rates. The effect of ocean coupling is to lower the TC rain rates, bringing them closer to the satellite observations, due to reduced horizontal moisture flux convergence and surface latent heat flux beneath TCs. Examination of horizontal rain rate distributions indicates that vertical wind shear–induced rainfall asymmetries in HighResMIP-simulated TCs are qualitatively consistent with the observations. In addition, a positive relationship is observed between the area-averaged inner-core rainfall and TC intensification likelihoods across the HighResMIP simulations, as GCM simulations producing stronger TCs more frequently have the greater rainfall close to the center, in agreement with previous theoretical and GCM simulation results.
On the Variation of Dissipation Flux Coefficient in the Upper South China Sea
Authors: Li Jianing , Yang Qingxuan , Sun Hui , Zhang Shuwen , Xie Lingling , Wang Qingye , Zhao Wei , Tian Jiwei
Published: October 2022

This study focuses on the statistical features of dissipation flux coefficient Γ in the upper South China Sea (SCS). Based on the microscale measurements collected at 158 stations in the upper SCS and derived dissipation rates of turbulent kinetic energy and temperature variance ε and χT, via a modified method, we estimate Γ and analyze its spatiotemporal variation in an energetic and a quiescent region. We show that Γ is highly variable, which scatters over three orders of magnitude from 10−2 to 101 in both regions. Ιn the energetic region, Γ is slightly greater than in the quiescent region; their median values are 0.23 and 0.17, respectively. Vertically, Γ presents a clear increasing tendency with depth in both regions, though the increasing rate is greater in the energetic region than in the quiescent region. In the upper SCS, Γ positively depends on the buoyancy Reynolds number Reb and negatively depends on the ratio of the Ozmidov scale to the Thorpe scale ROT and is scaled as , which holds for both regions. The vertical decreasing of ROT is observed, which yields parameterization of ROT = 10−0.002z; this parameterization improves the performance of the Thorpe-scale method by reducing at least 50% of the bias between the observed and parameterized ε. These results shed new light on the spatiotemporal variability and modulating mechanism of Γ in the upper ocean.

Significance Statement

The great global ocean conveyor is maintained by vertical mixing. Turbulent kinetic energy released by local internal wave breaking goes into two parts: one part is used to furnish this vertical mixing, and the rest is dissipated into irreversible heat. The ratio of these two parts is termed as the dissipation flux coefficient and is usually treated as a constant. Our measurements suggest that this coefficient is highly spatiotemporally variable. Specific relationships are obtained when scaling this coefficient with other parameters, and mechanisms modulating this coefficient are also explored. This study sheds light on how much turbulent kinetic energy contributes to elevating the potential energy and its associated influences not only in marginal seas but also in open oceans.
The Psychoanalytic Mystic and the Interpretive Word
Authors: Bar Nes Alice
Published: October 2022

Explicit and implicit psychoanalytic assumptions concerning the analytic cure include the old “insight/interpretation” versus “relation/experience” duality. A synthesis of these two stances, grounded in recognition of the long denied yet central mystical facet of psychoanalysis and the crucial role of words in the “talking cure” that psychoanalysis still is, recognizes these two aspects of psychoanalysis—mystical communication through psychic overlap and interpretive words—as deeply interdependent. Analytic interpretations emerge from the depths of a mystical experience of psychic unity (as well as separateness) resulting from, but also creating, the patient-therapist caesura. Words shape the contour of this closeness-separateness matrix on which psychoanalysis depends. Moreover, the moment of insight into the psychic reality of the other is shown to often depend on crossing the threshold of the nonverbal toward consciousness and language. Constant movement between verbalization and the nonverbal is illustrated with clinical vignettes stressing the interplay of the mystical and the symbolized, of interpretation and intuition.
Double suicide in Japan in the post-war reconstruction period, with reference to contemporary Japan
Authors: Satoh Fumiko , Nagato Junpei , Irie Wataru , Sasaki Chizuko , Ochiai Eriko , Kondo Maho , Hayashi Kino
Published: October 2022

After Japan's post-war reconstruction, in the early 1950s, cases of double suicide, in which two people (particularly young lovers) leave a suicide note and die together, were a relatively frequent occurrence. During the three-year period between 1954 and 1956, 5466 suicides were recorded in the special wards of Tokyo, including 79 cases of double suicides, accounting for 158 deaths. In these double suicide cases (2.89% of all deaths by suicide), the evidence revealed that 65.8% involved lovers and 29.1% involved married couples. By contrast, contemporary data indicate a large drop in suicide pacts between lovers to 15.9% and an increase between spouses to 48.8%. Conceivably, the relatively high double-suicide rate after post-war reconstruction reflected difficulties for the younger generation in reconciling ‘marriage based primarily on love’ and the traditional family system, specifically marriage problems and stress caused by rapidly changing post-war values. One notable difference between victims of double suicide in 1954–1956 and the contemporary period is the younger average age of the former. Another important shift was found in the most common causes of death among victims of double suicide: in 1954–1956 these were poisoning by cyanide or hypnotic drugs, compared to carbon monoxide poisoning and hanging in modern times. We discuss similarities and differences concerning double suicides in relation to social and economic conditions in Japan in the 1950s and today.
The effectiveness of e-textiles in providing thermal comfort: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Ching , Tan Jeanne , Lam Ngan Yi Kitty , Tang Hiu Ting , Chan Hui Haang
Published: October 2022

Thermal electronic textiles (e-textiles) are increasingly common in the market and aim to provide thermal comfort in cold environments. Currently, however, there is a paucity of information on the relative effectiveness of the different types of thermal e-textile. This study sets out to compare the effectiveness of a range of such textiles reported in the relevant literature. The study addresses the issue of heating effectiveness in terms of gender and particular body regions. Among the results reported, three primary categories emerged for investigation: (a) metabolic response, comprising metabolic rate and heart rate; (b) respiratory response i.e. mean skin temperature; and (c) perceptual response, including thermal sensation and comfort sensation. Eight eligible studies with a total of 83 subjects aged 23.4 ± 1.49 years, 40.96% male and 37.35% female and 21.69% in which gender was not reported, were investigated for the meta-analysis. Results show a significant improvement in changes in mean skin temperature and thermal sensation between the control and experimental groups via heating intervention ( p < 0.05), but results were not significant for changes in metabolic rate, heart rate, and comfort sensation ( p > 0.05). Regarding gender, thermal e-textiles significantly enhanced the changes in mean skin temperature in males and thermal sensation in both males and females ( p < 0.05). With regard to different body regions being heated, there were significant effects on changes in mean skin temperature, thermal sensation, and comfort sensation in heating the upper torso ( p < 0.05) and on changes in thermal sensation in heating the feet and toes ( p < 0.05). The results reported here may serve as reference points for the further development of smart heating textile technology.
Recent advances in environmentally friendly structural colored fabrics
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Tao Cheng-an , Tang Bingtao
Published: October 2022

Colors originating from the way that light is scattered and diffracted by random or periodic structures are called structural colors. Photonic crystals that are periodic at the scale of the wavelength of visible light exhibit structural colors, so that they have been studied as supplements of dyes to dye fabrics. Compared with dyes, photonic crystals show excellent material diversity and environmental friendliness. However, their structural colors usually exhibit two drawbacks, i.e. low saturation and poor colorfastness. This review focused on structural colored fabrics. The color saturation and colorfastness are two important aspects of structural colored fabrics and their improvement strategies are first summarized. Then, the dyeing methods, and applications of structural colored fabrics are discussed in turn. This tutorial review aims to provide insight into structural colored fabrics with high saturation and colorfastness, further promote the research progress in their functionalization, and ultimately broaden their applications in intelligent wear, anti-counterfeiting and camouflage, energy storage and conversion, and other fields.
Can residents regain their community relations after resettlement? Insights from Shanghai
Authors: Wang Zheng , Shen Jie , Luo Xiang
Published: October 2022

This article investigates whether residents have been able to regain their sense of belonging and neighbourliness after being resettled in urban China and what factors have prevented or enabled them to do so. There is a growing body of work examining the post-resettlement community relations of residents. However, this process of community rebuilding is mostly understood as resident-led and little is known about the role and influence of state actions such as state-led community building and changing resettlement policies. Our study addresses this gap by drawing on the case of Hesha Hangcheng which is one of Shanghai’s major relocation settlements. Our findings, from analysing a household survey and interviews, show that the sense of belonging and neighbourly relations of residents are poorer compared to before they were resettled. The analysis further reveals that residents who are more satisfied with their new housing and neighbourhood tend to have better neighbourly relations and sense of belonging compared to those who are not satisfied and feel they have lost out from the resettlement. Additionally, the state’s efforts in rebuilding communities by providing more community organisations and activities have given residents a platform to encounter each other and help facilitate neighbourliness and a sense of belonging. Theoretically, our study contributes by revealing the interplay between residents and state-led community rebuilding efforts and how they have affected post-resettlement community relations.
Clinical Markers of 6 Pre-dominant Coping Behaviors in Living With Parkinson Disease: A Convergent Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Thomsen Trine Hørmann , Jørgensen Lene Bastrup , Kjær Troels Wesenberg , Haahr Anita , Vogel Asmus , Larsen Ida Unmack , Winge Kristian
Published: October 2022

People with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) experience a variety of symptoms and fluctuations in these, which they have to cope with every day. In tailoring a person-centered treatment to PwP there is a lack of knowledge about the association between pre-dominant coping behaviors and clinical markers among PwP. To describe and compare specific clinical markers between 6 suggested coping behaviors. Thirty-four PwP, who previously had been classified into 6 different pre-dominant coping behaviors, were included in this mixed methods study. Six primary variables were included in the descriptive analysis; motor function (UPDRS-III), non-motor symptoms score (NMS-Quest), change in bradykinesia score, apathy score (LARS), personality traits (NEO-FFI), and cognitive status (evaluated by a neuropsychologist). The merged results of this mixed methods study indicate that clinical markers as apathy, burden of non-motor symptoms, cognitive impairments and personality traits, have the potential to impact the coping behavior in PwP. In a clinical setting the markers; NMS-burden, degree of apathy, cognition, and personality traits may indicate specific coping behavior. Three of the six suggested typologies of coping behaviors differed from the other groups when comparing descriptive data. In order to improve patient care and guide the development of person-centered therapies, each PwP should be approached based on those typologies.
A Look at the Difficulty and Predictive Validity of LS/CMI Items With Rasch Modeling
Authors: Giguère Guy , Brouillette-Alarie Sébastien , Bourassa Christian
Published: October 2022

The current study aimed to provide data on the performance of items, dimensions, and the total score of the Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (LS/CMI), one of the most internationally used actuarial scales for the prediction of general recidivism in convicted persons. Using the full population of Quebec’s male incarcerated population evaluated between 2008 and 2015 with a 2-year follow-up ( N = 15,961), results indicated that the predictive validity of the scale and its components was in line or better than effect sizes reported in other validation studies. A Rasch model was computed to obtain the difficulty parameter of LS/CMI items. Results indicated that items had varying levels of difficulty and covered the whole spectrum of the risk continuum. However, difficulty in Rasch was uncorrelated with the predictive validity of items, which casts a doubt on the applicability of some aspects of item response theory to actuarial scales.
Unfriended during adolescence: Correlates of continued contact with former friends in school and online
Authors: Flannery Kaitlin M. , Bonafide Katherine , Smith Rhiannon L.
Published: October 2022

Friendships frequently dissolve in early adolescence, but youth may continue to encounter ex-friends in their daily lives. The current study aimed to examine how adolescents’ reactions to friendship dissolutions were associated with continued exposure to the former friend both in school and online via social media. Participants were 354 middle school students ( Mage = 11.89 years, SD = .86) from the northeast United States who self-reported their experiences following a friendship dissolution. Results indicate that higher frequency of seeing a former friend in school is associated with increased intensity of positive reactions and decreased duration of negative reactions. Greater frequency of seeing the former friend online, however, is associated with increased intensity and duration of negative reactions following the dissolution, as well as decreased intensity of positive reactions. We interpret the current findings through the lens of the transformation framework, which suggests that the online context transforms and intensifies negative peer experiences.
With Time We Learn to Trust Others? Long-Standing Ethnic Diversity, Recent Immigration, and Out-Group Trust in Russia
Authors: Brunarska Zuzanna , Toruńczyk-Ruiz Sabina
Published: October 2022

This article examines the relationship between ethnic diversity and out-group trust in contemporary Russia, while distinguishing between long-standing ethnic diversity and recent immigration. In contrast to previous research that tested whether past regional experience with diversity is related to people's attitudes toward out-group members, we focus on long-standing ethnic diversity, defined as diversity resulting from the long-term coexistence of ethnic groups in a region, not recent immigration. We hypothesize that while the presence of out-groups may initially be threatening to the members of an ethnic group, long-standing diversity has positive consequences for intergroup relations. Using 2015 survey data combined with census and official registration data from Russian regions, we found that inhabitants of regions with higher levels of long-standing ethnic diversity tended to show higher out-group trust, while accounting for socio-economic characteristics of the regions and of individuals. In contrast, inhabitants of regions with higher recent immigration tended to have lower out-group trust, all else held constant. While these associations were weak, they speak in favor of a dynamic model of intergroup trust, which involves learning about others through mutual coexistence. We also acknowledge that the autochthonous status of ethnic minorities and existing institutional arrangements regarding different ethnic groups in Russia may additionally contribute to the development of trust.
Compliance with Section 7 (2) of the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) 2003, Ban of Sale of Loose Tobacco, in Karnataka: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ezhumalai Sinu , Shanmugam Backiyaraj , Chand Prabhat Kumar , Murthy Pratima
Published: October 2022

Background:

Banning smoking in public places has considerably reduced the number of smokers. However, the sale of loose tobacco encourages tobacco use. There is limited data on compliance with section 7(2) of the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA), 2003, concerning the ban on loose tobacco sales in India. The aim of this study is to assess the compliance of section 7(2) of COTPA concerning the ban on loose tobacco sales in four selected cities of Karnataka.

Methods:

This community-based study used a cross-sectional design. Two neighboring cities, that is, district headquarter from North (Bidar and Vijayapura) and South (Mandya and Chikkamagaluru) Karnataka were considered for the study. A total of 207 vendors and 204 smokers were selected using time-cluster sampling. Data was collected using observation and interview methods. Semi-structured interview schedules were administered to smokers and vendors. Percentages and frequencies were used to describe the data.

Results:

Most tobacco vendors (92%) and smokers (91%) were unaware of the loose tobacco ban. Most smokers (76%) perceive that buying cigarettes in packets would increase smoking. Most smokers (96%) prefer to buy cigarettes in loose. The sale of loose tobacco was widely prevalent (94%) in the four surveyed cities. Point of sale of loose tobacco includes tea shops (38%), petty shops (31%), pan shops (25%), and bakeries (6%).

Conclusion:

There is a high degree of noncompliance with Section 7 (2) of COTPA, 2003 regarding ban on selling loose tobacco.
Mitral valve surgery assisted by virtual and augmented reality: Cardiac surgery at the front of innovation
Authors: Nanchahal Sukanya , Arjomandi Rad Arian , Naruka Vinci , Chacko Jacob , Liu Guiqing , Afoke Jonathan , Miller George , Malawana Johann , Punjabi Prakash
Published: October 2022

Background

Given the variety in mitral valve (MV) pathology and associated surgical techniques, extended reality (XR) holds great potential to assist MV surgeons. This review aims to systematically evaluate the currently available evidence investigating the use of XR and associated technologies in MV surgery.

Methods

A systematic database search was conducted of original articles and case reports that explored the use of XR and MV surgery in EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane database and Google Scholar, from inception to February 2022.

Results

Our search yielded 171 articles, of which 15 studies were included in this review, featuring 328 patients. Two main areas of application were identified: (i) pre-operative planning and (ii) predicting post-operative outcomes. The articles reporting outcomes relating to pre-operative planning were further categorised as exploring themes relevant to (i) mitral annular assessment; (ii) training; (iii) evaluation of surgical technique; (iv) surgical approach or plan and (v) selecting ring size or type. Preoperatively, XR has been shown to evaluate mitral annular pathology more accurately than echocardiography, informing the surgeon about the optimal surgical technique, approach and plan for a particular patient’s MV pathology. Furthermore, XR could simulate and aid ring size/type selection for MV annuloplasty, creating a personalized surgical plan. Additionally, XR could estimate the postoperative MV biomechanical and physiological characteristics, predicting and pre-empting post-operative complications.

Conclusion

XR demonstrated promising applications for assisting MV surgery, enhancing outcomes and patient-centred care, nevertheless, there remain the need for randomized studies to ascertain its feasibility, safety, and validity in clinical practice.
Responsiveness and trajectory of changes in the rating of everyday arm-use in the community and home (REACH) scale over the first-year post-stroke
Authors: Simpson Lisa A , Hayward Kathryn S , Boyd Lara A , Larssen Beverley C , Mortenson W Ben , Schneeberg Amy , Silverberg Noah D , Eng Janice J
Published: October 2022

Objective

To examine the trajectory of the Rating of Everyday Arm-use in the Community and Home (REACH) scores over the first-year post-stroke, determine if REACH scores are modified by baseline impairment level and explore the responsiveness of the REACH scale through hypothesis testing.

Design

Consecutive sample longitudinal study.

Setting

Participants were recruited from an acute stroke unit and followed up at three, six, and 12 months post-stroke.

Participants

Seventy-three participants with upper limb weakness (Shoulder Abduction and Finger Extension score ≤ 8).

Main Measures

The REACH scale is a six-level self-report classification scale that captures how the affected upper limb is being used in one's own environment. The Fugl-Meyer Upper Limb Assessment (FMA-UL), Stroke Upper Limb Capacity Scale (SULCS), accelerometer-based activity count ratio and Global Rating of Change Scale (GRCS) were used to capture upper limb impairment, capacity, and use.

Results

The following proportions of participants improved at least one REACH level: 64% from baseline to three months, 37% from three to six months and 13% from six to 12 months post-stroke. The trajectory of REACH scores over time was associated with baseline impairment. Change in REACH had a moderate correlation to change in SULCS and the GRCS but not FMA-UL or the activity count ratio.

Conclusions

Results of hypothesis testing provide preliminary evidence of the responsiveness of the REACH scale. On average, individuals with severe impairment continued to show improvement in use over the first year, while those with mild/moderate impairment plateaued and a small proportion decreased in the early chronic phase.
Socially Responsible Marketing (SRM): Broader, Deeper, and Ever Greater
Authors: Laczniak Gene , Shultz Clifford
Published: October 2022

In 2021, the authors offered a macro-level and normative based definition of Socially Responsible Marketing (SRM) that could serve as the basis for a doctrine of ethical, conscientious marketing. This essay offers a synthesis of ideas and further expands thinking on Socially Responsible Marketing, in reply to thoughtful comments shared by nine leading scholars invited by the Journal's editor to discuss “Toward a Doctrine of Socially Responsible Marketing (SRM): A Macro and Normative-Ethical Perspective”. We are hopeful the ideas shared in this special section generate further discussions on broader, deeper and greater social responsibility in marketing, and reveal fresh opportunities for macromarketing research, teaching, policy, constructive engagement and professional practice.
Achievement of target blood pressure among community residents with hypertension and factors associated with therapeutic failure in the northern territory of Japan
Authors: Yokokawa Hirohide , Suzuki Mai , Aoki Nozomi , Sato Yuki , Naito Toshio
Published: October 2022

Objective

This study aimed to determine the rate of achieving the target blood pressure (BP) defined by Japanese hypertension management guidelines and to examine factors associated with achieving the target BP.

Methods

This cross-sectional study, which was conducted between January 2012 and December 2015, examined the BP control status and associated factors among 9,016 Japanese community residents with hypertension. Residents were divided into the following six groups: G1, young, middle-aged, and early-phase elderly patients; G2, patients with cerebrovascular disease; G3, patients with coronary artery disease; G4, patients with chronic kidney disease with proteinuria; G5, patients with diabetes; and G6, patients with chronic kidney disease without proteinuria. BP target achievement rates were calculated for each group. A multivariate analysis identified factors associated with “therapeutic failure” of target BP.

Results

The target BP was achieved by 52.6% participants in G1, 84.3% in G2, 50.6% in G3, 45.6% in G4, 48.7% in G5, and 75.0% in G6. The body mass index and receiving antilipidemic medication were associated with therapeutic failure.

Conclusion

This study shows that achievement rates for treatment goals among Japanese patients with hypertension are still low. Body mass index and treatment of dyslipidemia may be associated with the control of BP.
Association between TP73 G4C14-A4T14 polymorphism and different cancer types: an updated meta-analysis of 55 case–control studies
Authors: Jafrin Sarah , Aziz Md. Abdul , Islam Mohammad Safiqul
Published: October 2022

Objective

The TP73 G4C14-A4T14 variant has been associated with elevated cancer risk, but the evidence is inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify the role of this variant in cancer development.

Methods

Eligible literature was selected by searching PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.

Results

A meta-analysis of 55 case–control studies showed that the G4C14-A4T14 variant was significantly associated with overall cancer development in five genetic models, including the allele model (AM), codominant model 1 (COD1), COD2, dominant model (DM), and over-dominant model (OD). Sub-group analysis based on ethnicity showed significantly higher risks in Africans in COD2 and RM and in Whites in AM, COD2, DM, and recessive model (RM). Cancer-specific subgroup analysis identified significant risks of gynecological (ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancer), colorectal, oral, head and neck, and other cancers. Moreover, hospital-based controls revealed significant cancer risks in the AM, COD1, COD2, DM, and RM genetic models. Our findings were confirmed by trial sequential analysis.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis confirmed that TP73 G4C14-A4T14 significantly elevates the overall cancer risk, especially in White, African, and hospital-based populations, and specifically predisposes individuals to gynecological, colorectal, oral, and head and neck cancers. This meta-analysis was registered at INPLASY (registration number: INPLASY202210070).
Oesophageal rupture after right pneumonectomy: A case report
Authors: Lv Jianmin , Zhang Fangbiao , Tu Shaosong , Wu Yan
Published: October 2022

Oesophageal rupture after pneumonectomy is very rare. Management remains a significant challenge. This current case report describes a patient that underwent right pneumonectomy for right central squamous cell carcinoma. On the third day after the operation, food residues were observed in the thoracic tube. Considering oesophageal rupture, surgery was performed. Intraoperative oesophageal rupture was observed and intermittent suture was performed. Unfortunately, an oesophageal pleural fistula developed. Anti-infection treatment, chest drainage, thoracic irrigation, nutrition support and stent implantation were used after the operation. The patient recovered smoothly and had no discomfort when eating. Oesophageal rupture after pneumonectomy is extremely rare and treatment is very difficult. In our opinion, surgical repair is the key to the treatment of oesophageal rupture. Once an oesophageal pleural fistula occurs, enhanced nutrition, adequate irrigation and drainage and stent implantation are critical factors.
Management of a Skeletal Class II Malocclusion: An Indian Board of Orthodontics Case Report
Authors: Gupta Gaurav
Published: October 2022

This case report submitted as a Category II case report in the Indian Board of Orthodontics Phase III exam describes the orthodontic treatment of an 11-year-old female patient with a skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrognathia. She presented in the late mixed dentition and was treated with a two-phase treatment protocol. The first phase involved growth modulation with a Twin Block Appliance for mandibular advancement followed by the second phase of treatment with upper and lower fixed appliances and a non-extraction treatment plan. The fixed appliance used was 0.022’’ slot, metal pre-adjusted edgewise appliance with MBT prescription. The summary of the treatment, the case report, and the various records are reprinted here with minimal editing and reformatting so that the presentation resembles the actual documents submitted to the board.
Possibility of Sincere Apology in Restorative Justice: When and How?
Authors: Suzuki Masahiro
Published: October 2022

While apology has only a secondary role in restorative justice (RJ), an apology is prevalent in the RJ process. This is promising, but problematic is that there seems to be a gap in the perceived sincerity of apology between victims and offenders. Since less is known about why this gap exists, this paper extends our knowledge about under what conditions a sincere apology is possible in RJ. More specifically, this paper seeks to identify the key components of a sincere apology that are pertinent to RJ as well as the promoting and inhibiting factors for a sincere apology in RJ. This paper provides future research implications about the relationship between RJ and sincere apology.
Measurement of viscoelastic constants and Poisson’s ratio of carbon fiber reinforced composites using in-situ imaging
Authors: Choi Jun Young , Yanamandra Kaushik , Shetty Abhishek , Gupta Nikhil
Published: October 2022

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is conducted to measure the viscoelastic nature of a material. The commercial DMA equipment calculates the complex modulus ( E*) by assuming a constant Poisson’s ratio. In this work, a method is developed for the simultaneous measurement of Poisson’s ratio and complex modulus ( E*) for carbon fiber (CF) reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) composites using in-situ optical measurements and digital image correlation. The computation of E* includes shear deflection and relaxes the assumption of constant Poisson’s ratio to obtain accurate values. DMA was conducted on 3D printed CF-ABS composite specimens with oscillating displacement of 10 µm and static load of 1 N at 1 Hz loading frequency. The results in this work reveal that CF-ABS composite does not have a constant Poisson’s ratio over temperature. Additionally, applying the Poisson’s ratio correction results in higher values for the complex modulus. This work is beneficial for composites where the shear deflection component should not be neglected, and where variation of Poisson’s ratio with respect to temperature is important.