bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ural Cultural School: Beginnings, Realities, Prospects
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kirillova N. B.
Published: September 2021

The object of research in the article is the Ural culturological school, the history of which begins with the creation of the first professional department of cultural studies in the region at the Ural State (now Ural Fede­ral) University, which celebrated its 30th anniversary on April 9, 2021. The emergence of this department in Yekaterinburg, as well as in a number of leading universities in the country, contributed to the emergence and development of a new science — culturology, which is gradually beginning to establish itself in the system of traditional humanities and today occupies a prominent place in it.
About the Place of Ideology in the Work of Soviet Gardens and Parks of the 1920s — Early 1930s (on the Example of Sverdlovsk)
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law, Ural Branch of The Russian Academy of Sciences, Vorobyova M. V. ,   UMMC Technical University, Rabinovich E. I. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: September 2021

The authors consider the issue of the place of ideology in the work of Soviet gardens and parks on the example of Sverdlovsk in this article. The state of the infrastructure and material environment is established, the key problems of the functioning of the gardens are identified, the content of the cultural program of the gardens is revealed based on the analysis of the local press of the 1920s-early 1930s. The authors question the popular ideas about the dominant role of ideology in the public sphere of the 1920s, and also trace the dynamics of changes in the weight of ideology in the work of Sverdlovsk gardens of the 1920s — early 1930s.
High blood pressure levels and cardiovascular risk among Munduruku indigenous people
Authors: Sombra Neuliane Melo , Gomes Hanna Lorena Moraes , Sousa António Manuel , Almeida Gilsirene Scantelbury de , Souza Filho Zilmar Augusto de , Toledo Noeli das Neves
Published: September 2021

Objective: to identify the risk factors associated with prehypertension and arterial hypertension among Munduruku indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out with 459 Munduruku indigenous people selected by means of stratified random sampling. Sociodemographic variables, habits and lifestyles, anthropometric data, fasting glucose and lipid profiles were evaluated. An automatic device calibrated and validated to measure blood pressure was used. The analyses of the data collected were carried out in the R software, version 3.5.1. For continuous variables, the Kruskall-Wallis test was used; for the categorical ones, Fischer’s Exact. The significance level was set at 5% and p-value≤0.05. Results: the prevalence of altered blood pressure levels was 10.2% for values suggestive of hypertension and 4.1% for pre-hypertension. The risk of prehypertension among indigenous people was associated with being male (OR=1.65; 95% CI=0.65-4.21) and having a substantially increased waist circumference (OR=7.82; 95% CI=1.80-34.04). Regarding the risk for arterial hypertension, it was associated with age (OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.06-1.12), with increased waist circumference (OR=3.89; 95% CI=1.43-10, 54) and with substantially increased waist circumference (OR=5.46; 95% CI=1.78-16.75). Conclusion: among Munduruku indigenous people, men were more vulnerable to developing hypertension; age and increased waist circumference proved to be strong cardiovascular risk factors.
Length-weight relationship and diet of the catfish Cambeva guareiensis (Siluriformes; Trichomycteridae)
Authors: Ribeiro Felipe H. N. P. , Bonan Maria E. P. , Silva José Lucas Dias da , Azevedo-Santos Valter M. , Manoel Pedro S. , Brambilla Eduardo M. , Silva Carolina V.
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The length-weight relationship (LWR) and diet of a small trichomycterid catfish, Cambeva guareiensis, was studied based on 58 specimens captured in Corrente stream, Guareí River basin, São Paulo, Brazil. LWR analyses showed values of a ranged from 0.0097 to 0.0149 and b from 2.858 to 3.250. The analysis of the diet showed that high amounts of aquatic insects (93.75% of total items) were consumed by the species. In addition, we found no statistically significant differences when comparing the diet between the dry and rainy periods. Our study contributes to the knowledge on populational biology and feeding ecology of trichomycterid fishes in Brazilian streams.
Moonlight: a intertextualidade e o seu diálogo com a crítica genética na adaptação cinematográfica contemporânea
Authors: Reiniger Neto Roberto Gustavo
Published: September 2021

Resumo No universo da adaptação literária, a narrativa cinematográfica contemporânea cada vez mais ultrapassa a fronteira das relações entre as páginas de uma obra ficcional e as imagens de um filme. O cinema, tal qual o audiovisual que o cerca, constrói o seu discurso de modo convergente (JENKINS, 2006), buscando referenciais intertextuais e interdisciplinares (STAM, 2006). Neste processo outras formas de arte e escrita podem abrir as portas para uma linguagem experimental e independente, mas, esta estaria embasada de fato para uma investigação teórica e crítica? Na busca de uma resposta, ou ao menos um indício sobre esta questão, este estudo dialoga também com a crítica genética (SALLES, 2004), para analisar o filme Moonlight: Sob a luz do luar (Moonlight, 2016), adaptado da peça teatral In Moonlight Black Boys Look Blue (2003). Seu roteiro ao se distanciar do seu texto de origem, ressignifica o seu conteúdo, e desta forma, consegue construir a sua própria trama.
Sleep in children with microcephaly due to Zika virus infection: a systematic review
Authors: Santos Emanuele Mariano de Souza , Reis Monique Carla da Silva , Feitosa Antonio Lucas Ferreira , Medeiros Andréa Monteiro Correia
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To review the literature on sleep changes and brain function in children with microcephaly due to Zika virus. Method: Systematic review conducted in the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, and SciELO and the grey databases Google Scholar and OpenGrey. Results: Ten Brazilian primary studies with observational research design were included. These were published between 2017 and 2020 with 516 children with microcephaly due to Zika virus infection aged 4 months to 4 years. Out of these, 4 investigated qualitative aspects of sleep using the questionnaires Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire or Infant Sleep Questionnaire and 6 investigated changes in brain activities during sleep using the Electroencephalogram or Video-Electroencephalogram exams. The children’s quality of sleep was not compromised in most studies. Changes in brain activity during sleep were frequent, with epileptogenic activity being a common finding among the studies. Conclusion: The quality of sleep of children with microcephaly due to Zika virus has shown to be similar to that of children with typical development and the presented behavioral changes may be related to changes in electric brain activity.
Is the perception of anxiety in dental care by children and their parents concordant?
Authors: TRAVESSINI Aline , BARASUOL Jéssica Copetti , SOARES Josiane Pezzini , CARDOSO Mariane , BOLAN Michele
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: This research evaluated the caregivers’ perception on dental anxiety of their children and verified its association with independent variables: caregivers’ dental anxiety and the reason for their last dental appointment, socioeconomic factors, caregivers and children’s last dental visit, children’s oral health status, dental anxiety and kind of dental appointment. Methods: Fifty-eight children aged 6 to 9 years old and their caregivers participated in the study. For this cross-sectional study the participants were selected from a clinical study where half of the children received fluortherapy and the other half tooth extraction. The caregivers answered questions about socioeconomic status and to evaluate their dental anxiety and the perception on children’s dental anxiety they answered the Dental Anxiety Scale and Dental Anxiety Question, respectively. To evaluate children’s dental anxiety the Modified Venham Picture Test was applied and their oral health status was verified with the DMFT index. Data were analyzed with Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact and Mann-Whitney’s test. Results: The frequency of the caregivers’ perception on dental anxiety of their children were 50.9%. However, 41.4% of children reported dental anxiety. There was a significant difference between Dental Anxiety Question and Modified Venham Picture Test (p=0.002). There was no relationship between caregivers’ perception on dental anxiety of their children and other independent variables. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between children’s dental anxiety and the perception of it by those caregivers.
Trabalho noturno e pressão arterial: um estudo com foco nas doses de exposição
Authors: Silva-Costa Aline , Braz Bruna Pereira , Griep Rosane Härter , Rotenberg Lúcia
Published: September 2021

Resumo Objetivo: determinar se os níveis de exposição ao trabalho noturno (dose atual; dose acumulada) estão associados à hipertensão (HAS), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e pressão arterial diastólica (PAD). Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 893 profissionais de enfermagem. Foram coletados dados sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, relacionados ao trabalho e a comportamentos de saúde. A pressão arterial foi aferida por meio de monitor digital. Resultados: após o ajuste pelas variáveis sociodemográficas, observou-se que trabalhar mais de 4 noites por quinzena foi associado ao aumento da PAS (4,0 mmHg; intervalo de confiança [IC 95%]: 1,01; 6,97) e PAD (2,3 mmHg; IC 95%: 0,24; 4,35). O trabalho em mais de 4 noites por quinzena foi associado à ocorrência de hipertensão (RC 1,57; IC 95%: 1,01; 2,43). Indivíduos que trabalharam à noite por mais de 9 anos apresentaram, em média, níveis de pressão arterial mais elevados (PAS de 3,7 mmHg [IC 95%: 1,49; 5,92] e PAD de 2,0 mmHg [IC 95%: 0,46; 3,52]), em comparação com aqueles que trabalharam à noite por 9 ou menos anos. Conclusão: esses resultados sugerem que os efeitos do trabalho noturno começam após uma certa dose de exposição, ou seja, após 9 anos de trabalho noturno ou quando exposto ao trabalho noturno por mais de 4 noites por quinzena.
La formalización del trabajo doméstico remunerado en Uruguay y Argentina: aprendizajes y desafíos para la salud pública
Authors: González-Francese Rocío , Funcasta Lorena , Boggio Karina , Amable Marcelo
Published: September 2021

Resumen En América Latina, el 15% de las mujeres son trabajadoras domésticas remuneradas. Esta ocupación se realiza casi en el 80% de los casos bajo la informalidad, por lo que se trata de una ocupación sin protección social ni derechos laborales. A su vez, la salud de las trabajadoras domésticas debe considerarse, al menos, bajo una triple determinación: la precarización del empleo, las desigualdades de clase social, y las de género. Es importante generar marcos normativos que reduzcan las desigualdades en salud de los/as trabajadores/as precarios/as, en este sentido, Argentina y Uruguay promovieron la promulgación de leyes laborales sobre trabajo doméstico remunerado. En el presente artículo se describen las experiencias entre ambos países sobre los alcances e impactos en la salud del proceso de regularización de este empleo. Sin embargo, se observa un impacto limitado de la formalización del empleo en el trabajo doméstico remunerado, con dificultades para aplicar el modelo de protección del trabajo asalariado tradicional. La legitimación de los derechos también puede llevar a la salud pública y a la salud de los/as trabajadores/as hacia nuevos desafíos y tensiones, que se agravan en el contexto de la pandemia por covid-19.
Una aproximación desde la etnografía focalizada al papel de la religiosidad durante la vivencia del cáncer de mama
Authors: Laza-Vásquez Celmira , Gea-Sánchez Montserrat
Published: September 2021

Resumen En este trabajo se exploró el papel de la religiosidad durante la vivencia del cáncer de mama de un grupo de mujeres del sur de Colombia. Se realizó una etnografía focalizada donde participaron 17 mujeres que padecen cáncer de mama en cualquier estadio de la enfermedad y que habían concluido el primer año de tratamiento. La información se recolectó a través de un grupo de discusión y diez entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis temático se utilizó para el tratamiento de los datos. Para las mujeres, la religiosidad fue esencial para la aceptación del padecimiento, al asumirlo como una oportunidad de crecimiento personal y, además, la consideraron una fuente de afrontamiento durante el padecimiento. Se concluye que acercarse al papel de la religiosidad, desde las voces de las mujeres, devela el esencial papel que juega durante la trayectoria del cáncer de mama y la imperiosidad de la inclusión de la atención religiosa como un componente esencial para las mujeres durante el padecimiento del cáncer de mama. Asimismo, es un llamado a la importancia que la investigación sobre este padecimiento no se centre solo desde una perspectiva biomédica.
O SUS no horizonte trabalhista: a tradição corporativa de direitos e a privatização da saúde
Authors: Teodoro Ronaldo , Csapo Marika
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este artigo investiga as implicações do comportamento corporativo sindical para a construção do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Brasil. Tendo em vista a luta sindical por assistência à saúde, analisamos o dinamismo do mercado de planos de saúde a partir das negociações coletivas de trabalho. Ao documentar esse vínculo, problematizamos o corporativismo como um fenômeno político que, ao se reatualizar no tempo, conforma um momento da tradição de lutas do trabalho que fragiliza a base de apoio social ao SUS, afetando a correlação de forças políticas em torno da superação do hibridismo público e privado de interesses presente no mercado de planos de saúde. Tendo em vista esse cenário, dialogamos com as teses da saúde coletiva, apontando que a centralidade do sindicalismo brasileiro para a realização dos propósitos públicos e universais da Reforma Sanitária ainda carece de pleno reconhecimento nos estudos da área. Como conclusão, apontamos que a aproximação política entre sanitaristas e sindicalistas é condição fundamental para a ampliação das lutas e da legitimação pública do SUS, para o qual será necessário superar o sentido corporativo do acesso à saúde.
Intersectorialidad y reducción del estigma en salud mental: la necesidad de avanzar hacia una descolonización de la institucionalidad, desde una perspectiva intercultural
Authors: Valderrama-Núñez Cristian , Zolezzi-Gorziglia Roxanna
Published: September 2021

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las implicancias en la subjetividad y los cambios en la vida cotidiana, de quienes participaron en calidad de asistentes a las Jornadas Anti-estigma en la ciudad de Concepción en Chile, una práctica socioeducativa, de carácter interinstitucional e interdisciplinar, cuyo propósito es generar un cambio cultural sobre la estigmatización en el campo de la salud mental. Se desarrolla una sistematización de esta experiencia, enfatizando en la historia y las metodologías aplicadas en ella. La información para el análisis se produce a través de un grupo de discusión con 14 participantes. Los resultados muestran que existe un impacto en la subjetividad de quienes asisten dado que se propicia el contacto con los sujetos estigmatizados y con sus experiencias de vida en torno a éste. Sin embargo, se presenta como un desafío la transformación de prácticas en los espacios cotidianos, aspectos que requieren de esfuerzos intersectoriales y una institucionalidad que genere las bases y desarrollo de políticas públicas adecuadas para ello. En este sentido resulta imperativo incluir perspectivas y prácticas decoloniales e interculturales en el campo de la salud mental.
Entre a ausência em Alma-Ata e o Prevsaúde:a atenção primária à saúde no ocaso da ditadura
Authors: Pires-Alves Fernando A. , Paiva Carlos Henrique Assunção
Published: September 2021

Resumo Com base em documentos pessoais de Ernesto Geisel e matérias na imprensa, o artigo discorre sobre os bastidores da decisão de o Brasil não participar da Conferência Internacional sobre Atenção Primária à Saúde, realizada em 1978, em Alma-Ata, URSS. Sugere que os ministérios da Saúde e das Relações Exteriores avaliaram de maneiras distintas a importância da reunião no Cazaquistão, resultando em encaminhamentos conflitantes ao presidente da República. Estabelecida a ausência brasileira, o artigo traz contribuições acerca das formas pelas quais os preceitos consolidados na declaração de Alma-Ata foram compartilhados pelos círculos sanitaristas no país das mais distintas posições ideológicas, tendo inclusive orientado a formulação de programas ainda no regime militar e com implicações importantes sobre iniciativas posteriores.
Memória das políticas e práticas em redução de danos: entrevista com Fátima Machado
Authors: Machado Fátima , Raupp Luciane , Weber Carla Nunes , Conte Marta
Published: September 2021

Resumo A entrevista aborda a trajetória das políticas e práticas de redução de danos no Brasil por meio do depoimento da redutora de danos Fátima Machado. A perspectiva de redução de danos surgiu na Europa, na década de 1980, e no Brasil iniciou em 1989, como estratégia de prevenção à aids entre usuários de drogas injetáveis, e depois se diversificou e ampliou. A entrevista focaliza os anos iniciais de desenvolvimento dessas práticas inovadoras e problematiza seus desdobramentos atuais. Fátima Machado foi uma das precursoras no trabalho de campo e ativismo da redução de danos no Brasil e uma das fundadoras da Associação Brasileira de Redutores de Danos.
Acesso em saúde bucal no Brasil: análise das iniquidades e não acesso na perspectiva do usuário, segundo o Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica, 2014 e 2018
Authors: Freire Deborah Ellen Wanderley Gomes , Freire Aldelany Ramalho , Lucena Edson Hilan Gomes de , Cavalcanti Yuri Wanderley
Published: September 2021

Resumo Objetivo: Investigar os fatores associados ao não acesso em saúde bucal no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal, sobre dados da avaliação externa do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica, em 2014 e 2018, mediante regressão logística multivariada hierarquizada. Definiu-se como ‘não acesso’ quando o usuário não consegue marcar consulta com cirurgião-dentista. Resultados: Foram analisados dados de 37.262 indivíduos do segundo ciclo (2014) e 117.570 do terceiro ciclo (2018). Maior chance de não acesso ocorreu para residentes em municípios mais desiguais e com menor cobertura de saúde bucal, deslocamento para a unidade de saúde superior a 11 minutos, sexo feminino, idade entre 25 e 39 anos e renda de até 1 salário mínimo. Conclusão: O não acesso associou-se a fatores municipais, como maior desigualdade; fatores organizacionais, como menor cobertura e tempo de deslocamento até a unidade; e fatores individuais, como sexo, idade e renda.
PodoSighter: A Cloud-Based Tool for Label-Free Podocyte Detection in Kidney Whole-Slide Images
Authors: Govind Darshana , Becker Jan U. , Miecznikowski Jeffrey , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Dang Julien , Tharaux Pierre Louis , Yacoub Rabi , Thaiss Friedrich , Hoyer Peter F. , Manthey David , Lutnick Brendon , Worral Amber M. , Mohammad Imtiaz , Walavalkar Vighnesh , Tomaszewski John E. , Jen Kuang-Yu , Sarder Pinaki
Published: September 2021

Significance Statement

Podocytes are depleted in several renal parenchymal processes. The current gold standard to identify podocytes considers histopathologic staining of nuclei using specific antibodies and manual enumeration, which is expensive and laborious. We have developed PodoSighter, a cloud-based tool for automated, label-free podocyte detection, and three-dimensional quantification from periodic acid–Schiff-stained histologic sections. A diverse dataset from rodent models of glomerular diseases (diabetic kidney disease, crescentic GN, and dose-dependent direct podocyte toxicity and depletion), human biopsies for steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome, and human autopsy tissue, demonstrate generalizability of the tool. Samples were derived from multiple laboratory, supporting broad application. This tool may facilitate clinical assessment and research involving podocyte morphometry.

Background

Podocyte depletion precedes progressive glomerular damage in several kidney diseases. However, the current standard of visual detection and quantification of podocyte nuclei from brightfield microscopy images is laborious and imprecise.

Methods

We have developed PodoSighter, an online cloud-based tool, to automatically identify and quantify podocyte nuclei from giga-pixel brightfield whole-slide images (WSIs) using deep learning. Ground-truth to train the tool used immunohistochemically or immunofluorescence-labeled images from a multi-institutional cohort of 122 histologic sections from mouse, rat, and human kidneys. To demonstrate the generalizability of our tool in investigating podocyte loss in clinically relevant samples, we tested it in rodent models of glomerular diseases, including diabetic kidney disease, crescentic GN, and dose-dependent direct podocyte toxicity and depletion, and in human biopsies from steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and from human autopsy tissues.

Results

The optimal model yielded high sensitivity/specificity of 0.80/0.80, 0.81/0.86, and 0.80/0.91, in mouse, rat, and human images, respectively, from periodic acid–Schiff-stained WSIs. Furthermore, the podocyte nuclear morphometrics extracted using PodoSighter were informative in identifying diseased glomeruli. We have made PodoSighter freely available to the general public as turnkey plugins in a cloud-based web application for end users.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates an automated computational approach to detect and quantify podocyte nuclei in standard histologically stained WSIs, facilitating podocyte research, and enabling possible future clinical applications.
Comparison of the mechanical properties of Grade 5 and Grade 23 Ti6Al4V for wire-arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Mashigo L. , Möller H. , Gassmann C.
Published: September 2021

Wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is a directed-energy deposition technology that uses arc welding procedures to produce computer-aided designed parts, such as three-dimensional printed metal components. A challenge of additive manufacturing is the anisotropy. Interstitial elements play a significant role in the mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V of different grades. In this research, the mechanical properties of Grade 5 and Grade 23 Ti6Al4V were compared for this application. Samples were extracted from WAAM-produced Ti6Al4V walls in different directions (horizontal and vertical) and at different positions (top and bottom). The samples were subjected to optical microscopy and tensile and hardness tests. Grade 5 Ti6Al4V samples were found to have greater strength, greater hardness, and lower ductility, owing to the higher content of interstitial elements compared with Grade 23. The bottom samples had higher strength than the top samples, which is attributed to thermal cycling during manufacturing, resulting in different microstructures.
FindingNemo Extraction 2: Phenol-free Method v2
Authors: Cahyani Inswasti , Tyson John , Holmes Nadine , Quick Josh , Loman Nicholas , Loose Matthew
Published: September 2021

This is a sub-protocol designed to extract/isolate ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) DNA to obtain ultra-long (UL) reads on Nanopore sequencers using a phenol-free extraction method. A DNA extraction protocol that yields clean and homogeneous UHMW DNA is important for a good UL sequencing output. The choice of protocol should be based on achieving these parameters. Kit-free, phenol-free protocol is a modification of NEB's Monarch HMW DNA Extraction Kit for Cells & Blood, with the option to use SDS or CTAB in the lysis buffer. This protocol also uses glass beads for DNA precipitation matrix. We tested this sub-protocol in human cell line, with input cells of 3 millions but can be varied from 1-5 millions. As a rule of thumb, a million cells will suffice for one load on a MinION.
Protein expression and extraction of hard-to-produce proteins in the periplasmic space of Escherichia coli v1
Authors: Hernandez Rollan Cristina , Bach Falkenberg Kristoffer , Rennig Maja , Birk Bertelsen Andreas , Norholm Morten
Published: September 2021

E. coli is a gram-negative bacteria used mainly in academia and in some industrial scenarios, as a protein production workhorse. This is due to its ease of manipulation and the range of genetic tools available. This protocol describes how to express proteins in the periplasm E. coli with the strain BL21 (DE3) using a T7 expression system. Specifically, it describes a series of steps and tips to express "hard-to-express" proteins in E. coli, as for instance, LPMOs. The protocol is adapted from Hemsworth, G. R., Henrissat, B., Davies, G. J., and Walton, P. H. (2014) Discovery and characterization of a new family of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases. Nat. Chem. Biol.10, 122–126. .
Let's Move It Move It: Thais’ Attitude Toward English as a Lingua Franca
Authors: Wilang Jeffrey Dawala , Siripol Piyathat
Published: September 2021

Recently, a Facebook group under the name "โยกย้าย มาส่ายสะโพกโยกย้าย" (Let's move it move it) brought together Thais around the globe who share a similar goal of moving abroad. One of the most popular discussions was their concern over their English language skills and the “move-in” country of preference. Since this virtual community is an interesting context to explore, a survey questionnaire was distributed online to know their attitudes toward English as a lingua franca (ELF). To know if Thais' attitude on EFL differs based on their "move-in" country of preference, the participants were categorized based on Kachruvian three concentric circles – Inner, Outer, and Expanding as well as Any circle – a combination of two or more circle. Findings show the strongly favorable attitudes of Thais toward the following aspects - the focus on intelligibility, the use of English to communicate with both native and non-native speakers of English, learning materials for a multicultural environment, and exposure to varieties of English. Despite the favorable attitude, the Expanding circle and Any circle groups strongly agreed that Standard British or American English should be taught. All circles disagreed that "any linguistic use that does not conform to Standard English is incorrect." Discussions of results were provided in the study.
Stillness in Locomotion and Self-dissolution of Metropolitans in Bowen's To the North
Authors: Wang Yena
Published: September 2021

This article is to justify that modern metropolitans suffer from the dissolution of identities and a loss of loving ability to be a modern man of complete personality. Motion and stillness, life and death coexist within the same urban space of metropolitans. And the stillness in urban life space is both the cause and effect to accelerate the process of self-dissolution of metropolitans. The identities and autonomy of Bowen’s city dwellers are formed and destroyed in the process of moving. Bowen represents the metropolitans’ predicaments of self-dissolution during interwar London by setting them in a depressing space of constant travels and emotional stillness in locomotion. The crazy mobility brings the destructive outcome to make its subjects into the absolute stillness and self-dissolution of the subjects, which is also a common living state of modern city dwellers. This article tries to bring an awareness as well as to show a sympathetic feeling towards those predicated modern man.
A Comparative Study of the IGM Use in China’s English Textbooks
Authors: Zhou Haiming , Mao Chenxiang , Ma Chunhong , Zhou Sen
Published: September 2021

IGM (ideational grammatical metaphor) is frequently used in English textbooks, the application of which may influence learners’ proper understanding. The present paper conducts an empirical research on the application of IGM in three English textbooks for English learners of different levels in China including junior high school, senior high school and college with a view to exploring the rate and tendency of IGM application at different levels. It is found that IGM is favored in all the textbooks and nominalization ranks the first among other types of IGM. Besides, the higher the learning level is, the more frequently IGM is used. These findings suggest that the use of IGM in the investigated textbooks turned to be appropriate for EFL learners across three different levels.
Exploring EFL Writing Teaching Through the Integrated Skills Approach: A Case Study in the Saudi Context
Authors: Aljahdali Waad , Alshakhi Abdullah
Published: September 2021

This study aims to explore the teaching practices of EFL writing that employ the integrated skills approach. It investigates the benefits and challenges associated with teaching writing that uses the integrated skills approach. The study also aims to provide solutions to the challenges faced by the EFL teachers in teaching writing skills. This study uses a qualitative approach by utilizing two instruments: diary writing of event logs in the first phase, and semi-structured interviews in the second phase. The data were collected in a Saudi university at a Preparatory Year Program (PYP). The sample included four general track teachers. After the analysis of the data, the findings revealed that the integrated skills approach can facilitate students’ output; however, students’ lower-level of proficiency, a large number of students in writing classes, and time constraints can negatively affect the teaching practices. Suggestive measures were proposed to eliminate the negative aspects that might hinder the implementation of the integrated skills approach while teaching writing skills. Based on the findings, pedagogical implications and directions for future research have been put forward.
A Jurilinguistic Analysis of Proverbs as a Concept of Justice Among the Yoruba
Authors: Ademola Oyedokun-Alli, Wasiu
Published: September 2021

Polemical surveys of the rich cultural heritage of the peoples of Africa, especially before their contact, and eventual subjugation to the western imperialists have continued to reverberate across Africa and beyond. The surveys bemoan the abysmal disconnect between the African societies and their indigenous socio-cultural and institutional values. It has been pointed out, more than three decades ago, by Nkosi (1981) that indigenous languages formed part of a living organism forever changing to accommodate concepts and ideas which, over time, became the common heritage of all those who speak the same language. This paper examines the jurisprudential concept of justice among the Yoruba of South West Nigeria, with examples drawn from Yoruba proverbs. What linguistic instruments were available to canonize the justice systems and how were they deployed?  The plethora of examples, it is found, have become etched on people’s consciousness and sensibilities, such that they become canonized into unwritten laws in many of the societies. In strict consideration of jurisprudence as the science of law, the study investigates how Yoruba proverbs constitute a corpus of linguistic materials used in informal administration of law among the Yoruba. Although lacking established benchmarks, many of the proverbs have become the codes in the process of administration of justice, which in many cases is conciliatory and not adversarial. In effect, therefore, the study is a contribution to the growing research on African linguistics and jurisprudential analysis. This viewpoint is ensconced in a metaproverb: “a re ma ja kan o si”. (Disagreements are inevitable amongst folks).
Three-Bar structure optimality criterion using the linear resizing rule
Authors: Ramírez Monares José Alfredo , Hernández Hernández Jesús Israel
Published: September 2021

The static analysis of the indeterminate three-bar structure is developed using the Castigliano's first theorem, taking the lengths and inclination angles as variables. Some reductions are applied in the resulting set of equations to approximate them to the references models. From now on, the minimum mass optimization model with restrictions is established. Then, the Optimality Criterion linear resizing optimization rule algorithm for the unbounded and bounded design variables is applied in two numerical cases. The analytical and Matlab Optimization Toolbox results are also obtained and they demonstrate the Optimality Criterion linear resizing rule effectiveness in structural optimization with a minimum mass objective and size restrictions.
Reseña. Ríos Hilario, A.B. (2020). RDA. Análisis teórico y aplicación práctica de la actual normativa catalográfica. Gijón: Trea, 259 pp. ISBN: 978-84-18105-21-0
Authors: Rodríguez Salinas Argenis
Published: September 2021

Reseña al libro: Ríos Hilario, A.B. (2020). RDA. Análisis teórico y aplicación práctica de la actual normativa catalográfica. Gijón: Trea, 259 pp. ISBN: 978-84-18105-21-0. Se enfoca en indicar la estructura de la obra, describiendo sus principales caracteristicas y manejo de la temática.
palacio de los Torres de Portugal en Villardompardo (Jaén). Análisis de una residencia nobiliaria del siglo XVI
Authors: Navarro Pérez Mercedes , Salvatierra Cuenca Vicente , Montilla Torres Irene
Published: September 2021

Se propone la reconstrucción del palacio de los condes de Villardompardo, en la localidad del mismo nombre. Este fue resultado de la transformación realizada en el siglo XVI de un pequeño castillo. Se parte de las evidencias arqueológicas, relacionándolas con la descripción contenida en el Catastro del Marqués de la Ensenada y de otra documentación escrita disponible. De esta forma se recupera la planta y la distribución de los edificios fundamentales del palacio. A partir de lo cual se analiza el conjunto desde un punto de vista funcional y social. Y se discute si, pese a su tamaño y localización, puede relacionarse con alguna de las concepciones de los grupos de la alta nobleza de la época, que articularon las relaciones entre palacios y poblaciones.
Malpighiaceae na Reserva Biológica da Mata Escura, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: De Almeida Rafael Felipe
Published: September 2021

Apresento o tratamento taxonômico para Malpighiaceae na Reserva Biológica da Mata Escura (RBME), Minas Gerais, Brasil, no qual um total de 17 espécies e oito gêneros foram registrados. Chaves de identificação para os gêneros e espécies são apresentadas, além de pranchas fotográficas e comentários sobre distribuição, ecologia e taxonomia das espécies estudadas.
Update on the occurrence and dispersion of the Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica Bowdich, 1822 (Mollusca, Gastropoda) snail within the Federal District, Brazil
Authors: Cazarin-Oliveira Lí­gia Cristina , Pereira Fraga Leonardo , Volkweis Lombardi Manoela , Sperb Volkweis Fabiana , Martins-Silva Maria Júlia
Published: September 2021

Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica is present in most Brazilian States. This paper aims at providing a diagnosis of the occurrence and dispersion of A. fulica in the Distrito Federal. Pages and posts for social medias were created to identify areas of A. fulica occurrences. In addition, interviews and active searches at commercial plant nurseries were undertaken. Collection took place from March 2019 to February 2020 and January 2021. The sampled areas were categorized into commercial nurseries, Paranoá Lake shore, other urban areas, and agricultural areas. Commercial nurseries were identified as the main sources of A. fulica in the Distrito Federal
Quantifying the multideterminate nature of the short category test-booklet format
Authors:   , Bundick W. Thomas , Spiers Mary Virginia
Published: September 2021

The Category Test is the single most sensitive measure of brain damage in the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery, and is often described as the benchmark measure of abstraction and concept formation ability. To date, however, very few authors have studied carefully the cognitive processes involved in successful Category Test performance. Using the Short Category Test: Booklet Format (SCT), an abbreviated version of the Category Test, the present author attempted to demonstrate that the Category Test is multiply determined, or sensitive to failures in several cognitive abilities. The study also represents the first attempt to quantify the effects of perseveration, loss of cognitive set, failure to inhibit automatic but inappropriate responding, and learning. The author analyzed neuropsychological protocols from a sample of 145 mixed neurological and psychiatric subjects. The multideterminate nature of the test was demonstrated by statistically significant relationships between the SCT and representative measures of fluid intellectual ability, abstraction, learning and memory, and maintaining and shifting cognitive set. As hypothesized, the SCT was significantly related to measures of fluid intellectual ability, abstraction/reasoning, learning and memory, perseverative behavior, and maintaining and shifting cognitive set. While previous studies have found similar patterns of correlation, all have over interpreted the strongest while under interpreting or even ignoring the rest. Several new indices of performance were constructed to quantify response level and construct level perseveration, loss of cognitive set, failure to inhibit automatic but inappropriate responding, and rule learning. Scores on the indices were compared to those on hypothetically related measures available in the data set. Results suggested that the indices of loss of cognitive set, learning, and failure to inhibit automatic but inappropriate responding were aptly conceptualized and worthy of further study. Response-level perseveration indices appeared to represent pathognomonic indicators of severely repetitive behavior. With the present data, the author could not unequivocally determine the phenomenon represented by the hypothesized construct-level perseveration indices. Follow up research into the performances of normal subjects on the new indices is necessary for better understanding of their meaning. Further, research with controlled patient groups may clarify the neuroanatomical substrates of these specific cognitive failures. In sum, the SCT is multiply determined, sensitive to failures in several cognitive abilities rather than only one (e.g., "abstraction"). Further, it appears feasible to quantify failures in several of these abilities, thereby providing valuable information regarding patients' cognition which is not available from the total error score alone.
Patologi Sosial dalam Novel Dua Garis Biru Karya Lucia Priandarini
Authors: Wardani Yosy Kusuma , Karkono
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This study focused on forms of social pathology. Dua Garis Biru's novel tells a story about teenage life who commit deviation. The deviations committed by teenagers in Dua Garis Biru's novel are juvenile delinquency, dating, sexual relations before marriage, and early-age marriage. The deviant actions will give knowledge about the importance of sex education and the importance of communication between parents so that it can increase the discussion about sexuality to the children who are already teenagers. The method of the study was qualitative descriptive. The data collection technique was a literature study by collecting books and other sources related to the problems of the study. The results of the study show that Dua Garis Biru's novel show several forms of social pathology: Bima, who likes to skip school; Dara and Bima, who have dating until they have sexual relations before marriage; and Dara, who attempts to abort the fetus. Based on the results of the study, some suggestions are delivered to the readers and further researchers. For readers, they can take positive values from Dua Garis Biru's novel. For further researchers, it is expected that it can be used as a reference for the description of social pathology in Indonesian literary works.

Keywords: pathology, Dua Garis Biru Novel, juvenile delinquency

Abstrak: Penelitian ini fokus pada bentuk patologi sosial. Novel Dua Garis Biru mengangkat cerita mengenai kehidupan remaja yang melakukan penyimpangan. Penyimpangan yang dilakukan oleh remaja pada novel Dua Garis Biru ini adalah juvenile delinquency, pacaran, hubungan seksual di luar nikah, dan pernikahan dini. perbuatan-perbuatan menyimpang ini akan memberikan pengetahuan mengenai pentingnya edukasi seks dan pentingnya komunikasi antara orangtua agar dapat meningkatkan diskusi mengenai seksualitas kepada anak-anak yang sudah beranjak remaja. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka, dengan cara mengumpulkan buku-buku dan sumber-sumber lain yang terkait dengan masalah penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa novel Dua Garis Biru menempatkan beberapa bentuk patologi sosial, seperti: Bima yang suka membolos, Dara dan Bima yang berpacaran sampai melakukan hubungan seksual di luar nikah, dan percobaan Dara untuk menggugurkan janin yang dikandungnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, beberapa saran disampaikan kepada pembaca dan peneliti selanjutnya. Bagi pembaca agar bisa mengambil pelajaran nilai-nilai positif dari novel Dua Garis Biru. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai referensi mengenai gambaran patologi sosial dalam karya sastra Indonesia.

Kata kunci: patologi, Novel Dua Garis Biru, juvenile delinquency
Intensitas Komunikasi Berbahasa Mandarin Mahasiswa dengan Dosen Lokal dan Native
Authors: Putri Amira Eza Febrian
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The ability to communicate in Mandarin Chinese is one of the important indicators of learning outcomes. Therefore, in addition to the learning process, communication outside the classroom should ideally also use Mandarin Chinese. This study aims to find out the intensity of speaking in Mandarin among students of Mandarin Language Education study program of Universitas Negeri Malang with local and native lecturers as well as its challenges and underlying factors. This research is descriptive quantitative with the subject of students of Mandarin Language Education study program class of 2018 offfering A and B. The Data collection is done using questionnaires. The results showed that 72.1% of students rarely use Mandarin in communicating with local lecturers. 76.7% of students prefer to ask local lecturers rather than natives. A total of 66.8% of students still use Indonesian when communicating with local lecturers, and 44.2% use mixed Indonesian and Mandarin none of whom speak Mandarin in its entirety. The results of the survey showed that this was because students found it difficult to communicate using Mandarin, students felt afraid or hesitant in using Mandarin, and students felt less confident in their Chinese language skills.

Keywords: intensity, communication, Mandarin

Abstrak: Kemampuan berkomunikasi dalam bahasa Mandarin menjadi salah satu indikator penting ketercapaian hasil belajar. Untuk itu, selain pada saat proses pembelajaran, komunikasi di luar kelas idealnya juga harus menggunakan bahasa Mandarin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui intensitas komunikasi berbahasa Mandarin mahasiswa program studi pendidikan bahasa Mandarin Universitas Negeri Malang dengan dosen lokal dan native serta faktor hambatan yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan subjek mahasiswa program studi pendidikan bahasa Mandarin angkatan 2018 offering A dan B. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 72,1% mahasiswa jarang menggunakan bahasa Mandarin dalam berkomunikasi dengan dosen lokal. 76,7% mahasiswa lebih memilih bertanya pada dosen lokal daripada native. Sebanyak 66,8% mahasiswa masih menggunakan bahasa Indonesia saat berkomunikasi dengan dosen lokal, dan 44,2% menggunakan bahasa campuran Indonesia dan Mandarin, tidak ada yang menggunakan bahasa Mandarin secara utuh. Hasil angket menunjukkan hal ini disebabkan mahasiswa merasa kesulitan dalam berkomunikasi menggunakan bahasa Mandarin, mahasiswa merasa takut atau ragu dalam menggunakan bahasa Mandarin, dan mahasiswa merasa kurang yakin dengan kemampuan berbahasa Mandarin yang dimiliki.

Kata kunci: intensitas, komunikasi, bahasa Mandarin
Kesalahan Sintaksis pada Teks Tanggapan Kelas IX B SMPN 12 Malang
Authors: Mahliga Ersita Noor , Sumadi  , Susilowati Novi Eka
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This research aims to describe the syntactic errors in the response text of class IX B SMPN 12 Malang. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model with three sub activities, namely (1) data reduction, (2) data presentation, and (3) conclusion drawing. The results of the data analysis on the syntactic errors found in the response text of class IX B SMPN 12 Malang took the form of (1) errors at the phrasal level and (2) sentences. Errors at the phrasal level include (1) incorrect use of prepositions, (2) excessive use of elements, (3) inappropriate use of elements, (4) improper wording, and (5) double pluralization. Syntactic errors at the sentence level include (1) ambiguous sentences, (2) illogical sentences, (3) inappropriate use of conjunctions, (4) excessive use of conjunctions, (5) omission of conjunctions, (6) zero-subject sentences, (7) unpredicated sentences, (8) use of prepositions in transitive verbs, (9) use of unnecessary interrogative words, and (10) incomplete sentences.

Keywords: language errors, syntax errors, response text

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kesalahan sintaksis dalam teks tanggapan kelas IX B SMPN 12 Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman dengan tiga alur kegiatan, yaitu (1) reduksi data, (2) penyajian data, dan (3) penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian kesalahan sintaksis pada teks tanggapan kelas IX B SMPN 12 Malang meliputi (1) kesalahan pada tataran frasa, dan (2) kalimat. Kesalahan pada tataran frasa meliputi (1) kesalahan penggunaan preposisi, (2) penggunaan unsur yang berlebihan, (3) penggunaan unsur yang tidak tepat, (4) susunan kata yang tidak tepat, dan (5) penjamakan ganda. Kesalahan sintaksis pada tataran kalimat meliputi (1) kalimat rancu, (2) kalimat tidak logis, (3) penggunaan konjungsi yang tidak tepat, (4) penggunaan konjungsi yang berlebihan, (5) penghilangan konjungsi, (6) kalimat tidak bersubjek, (7) kalimat tidak berpredikat, (8) penggunaan preposisi pada verba transitif, (9) penggunaan kata tanya tidak perlu, dan (10) kalimat tidak lengkap.

Kata kunci: kesalahan berbahasa, kesalahan sintaksis, teks tangga