bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El parlamento de las imágenes. Agencia e intencionalidad en la Bildwissenschaft y los Visual Studies1
Authors: Belgrano Mateo
Published: June 2024

En los últimos tiempos muchos teóricos e historiadores del arte comenzaron a entender las imágenes como entes dotados de agencia e intencionalidad. Algunos críticos acusaron dichas posturas de ser nuevas formas de animismo. En este artículo analizo posibles argumentos para comprender la agencia de lo visual sin caer en misticismos. La tesis es la siguiente: la agencia de la imagen no es una especie de poder mágico, sino la actualización de una potencia de lo visual por parte del espectador. En otras palabras, es la mirada de quien contempla la que “da vida” a la imagen.
Evaluation of microorganisms response to soil physical conditions under different agriculture use systems
Authors: Visconti Moreno Efrain Francisco , Valenzuela Balcazar Ibonne Geaneth , Agudelo Archila Diana Paola
Published: June 2024

Soils with appropriate water and air conditions improve microbiological activity, but agriculture frequently deteriorates soil’s physical requirements and impairs microbes’ survival. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between physical soil conditions and microbiological activity under different agricultural use and management systems in the warm tropical climate of Colombia. To evaluate physical soil conditions, bulk density (Bd), total porosity (Pt), macroporosity (MPt), water content, temperature, and mechanical penetration resistance (MPR) were measured on surface soil (0 to 10 cm) at three different use and management systems: irrigated rice (IR), pasture (P) and native forest with cacao (FC). The measured biological properties were the carbon of microbial biomass (C-MB) and the presence of bacteria and fungi. Soil organic carbon (SOC) was determined to calculate the microbiological quotient (MQ). The C-MB was significantly higher in FC (132.25) and P (148.11) but lower in IR (41.61). No significant differences were observed between the soil use system in the count of bacteria and fungi. The MQ (0.44) was higher in IR (0.22), revealing a significant effect of the soil use system on microbiological activity. Less anthropic intervention and permanent plant covers, such as FC and P, enhance microorganism’s survival, evidenced by higher C-MB content, correlated with soil Bd and MPt. The abundance of bacteria and fungi in the soil is affected by the physical conditions, primarily by Pt and MPt. However, fungi survive better with less water content, existing a differentiated effect of the physical conditions of the soil.
Environmentalism on the American Extreme Right
Authors: Barkun Michael
Published: June 2024

American right-wing extremists have rarely explicitly stated environmental policies. However, they have exhibited implicit environmentalism. It has resulted from a fusion of three factors: an intense distaste for cities; a belief in the supremacy of small social and governmental units; and the self-sufficiency known as survivalism. These result in a romantic nostalgia for an agrarian, pre-industrial past when current environmental problems did not exist. The most extreme extension of this mode of thinking is the radical right’s belief in the creation of a ‘white homeland’ in the Pacific Northwest. Religion does not affect the character of the implicit environmentalism surveyed here but is evident in extremists’ millenarian or utopian ideas about the future.
ENHANCING WEARABLE AND MEDICAL CONNECTIVITY: A NOVEL PRINTED TRIPLE-BAND METAMATERIAL ANTENNA FOR WBAN/MBAN APPLICATIONS
Authors: Messatfa Tarek , Berhab S. , Chebbara F.
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a novel, compact, monopole apple-shaped, and triple-band metamaterial printed antenna for wireless body area network (WBAN) and medical body area network (MBAN) applications. The antenna is backed by a tri-band uniplanar compact electromagnetic bandgap (UC-EBG) structure that acts as a ground plane and incorporates metamaterial triangular complementary splitring resonators (TCSRRs). The proposed printed textile antenna operates at 2.45 GHz for wireless local area network (WLAN), 3.5 GHz for 5G new radio (NR), and 5.8 GHz for industrial, scientific, and medical bands. Implementing the UC-EBG structure resulted in a 99% decrease in the specific absorption rate (SAR) values over 1 g and 10 g of tissues and achieved gains of 5.45, 6.09, and 7.63 dBi at 2.45, 3.5, and 5.8 GHz, respectively. Due to its high performance, low SAR values, and compact size of 39 × 39 × 2.84 mm3 (0.41 λg × 0.41 λg × 0.029 λg ), the proposed antenna is an attractive candidate for wearable healthcare, fitness monitoring devices, and other WBAN/MBAN applications.
Low-speed wind energy devices to facilitate nearly zero energy buildings in urban Pakistan
Authors: Gondal Irfan Ahmed
Published: June 2024

Energy consumption and its resultant impact on climate change are inextricably linked, with the burning of fossil fuels being a chief contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to global warming. Mitigating these effects necessitates a two-fold approach: reducing energy consumption through enhanced efficiency and behavioural modifications, and concurrently transitioning to renewable and clean energy sources. Of particular concern is the domestic and commercial building sector, which currently accounts for a substantial 40% of the world's total energy usage. Conventional wind turbines, effective in harnessing wind energy, face limitations in urban areas due to the requisite wind speeds. Micro wind turbines, notably vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT), present a promising solution for achieving net-zero energy buildings in urban settings. VAWTs exhibit advantages such as higher efficiency and lower cut-in speeds. Despite their promise, challenges such as reliability, cost and environmental impact persist. This concise overview suggests potential applications for Pakistan, emphasising the imperative for further exploration in optimising VAWT design, developing hybrid systems and evaluating societal acceptance of rooftop wind farms.
Machado, Carlos, Rowan Munnery and Rebecca J. Sweetman (eds). 2024. Lived Spaces in Late Antiquity. Abingdon: Routledge; 978-1-138-38530-6 hardback £135.
Authors: Dolci Jacopo
Published: June 2024

This is a review of Lived Spaces in Late Antiquity edited by Carlos Machado, Rowan Munnery and Rebecca J. Sweetman, published in 2024 by Routledge.
The African Court's Jurisdiction over the "International" Eco-Crime of Trafficking in Hazardous Wastes: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Mushoriwa Linda
Published: June 2024

This article gives an overview of the jurisdiction of the proposed African Court of Justice and Human Rights (African Court) over the transnational crime of trafficking in hazardous wastes as provided for in Article 28 L of the Malabo Protocol. It asserts that Article 28 L ought to be considered as emancipatory in view of the factors which motivated its inclusion in the Protocol; and that it is a significant innovation not only for the African Union but for the field of international criminal justice as a whole. The article concludes that the criminalisation of trafficking in hazardous waste through the Malabo Protocol is necessary as Article 28 L will help to fill the gap created by the ineffectiveness of the domestic implementation of the Bamako Convention, and the potential ineffectiveness of the Basel Ban Amendment, which entered into force in December 2019.
PRODIGY score predicts respiratory depression in the post-anesthesia care unit: A post-hoc analysis
Authors: Kanaparthi Anuradha , Chung Francis , Lichtenthal Peter R , Sprung Juraj , Weingarten Toby N
Published: June 2024

Surgical patients who experience respiratory depressive episodes (RDEs) during their post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) admission are at a higher risk of developing subsequent respiratory complications in general care wards. A risk assessment tool for PACU RDEs has not been previously assessed. The PRediction of Opioid-induced respiratory Depression In patients monitored by capnoGraphY (PRODIGY) score is an assessment tool that uses baseline patient variables to categorize patients into low, intermediate, or high risk groups for RDEs in general care wards. This study assessed whether PRODIGY groups are associated with PACU RDEs. This analysis utilized data from a previous observational trial of PACU RDEs detected by capnography. PRODIGY scores were retrospectively calculated, and the number and duration of respiratory alerts were compared among PRODIGY groups. Twenty-six (29.9%) patients were classified as low risk, 29 (33.3%) as intermediate risk, and 32 (36.8%) as high risk. A total of 3,580 alerts were recorded in the PACU, 47% of which were apnea episodes lasting ≥ 10 seconds. The total number and duration of alerts were highest in high risk group patients (median 56 [IQR 12 – 87] alerts per patient vs 22 [9 – 37] in low risk and 26 [13 – 42] in intermediate risk patients, P = 0.035; 303 [123 – 885] seconds vs 177 [30 – 779] in low risk and 301 [168 – 703] in intermediate risk patients, P = 0.042). Poisson regression analysis indicated that the rate of RDEs in the high PRODIGY risk group was higher than in the intermediate (rate ratio estimate = 2.01 [95% CI 1.86 – 2.18], P < 0.001) and low (rate ratio estimate = 2.25 [95% confidence interval 2.07 – 2.45], P < 0.001) risk groups. This analysis suggests that the PRODIGY score may be useful in assessing the risk of PACU RDEs. Trial Registration: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02707003
Features of Tax Regulation of the IT Industry in the Russian Federation and EAEU states
Authors: Perepelitsa Maria , Mironchukovskaya Victoria
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the features of the application by the Russian Federation and the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), Republics of Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, mechanisms of tax incentives for the development of the domestic IT industry. Tax incentives, a simplified taxation system and the taxation regime in the territory of the Special Economic Zones (SEZ), High-Tech Park (HTP) are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the consideration of the procedure for access and accreditation of companies for the opportunity to work in the territory of the SEZ or HTP with the use of a preferential tax regime. The article concludes that states as a whole apply all tax incentive mechanisms in a complex: tax incentives, a simplified taxation system, SEZ, HTP, however, there are differences in their use, which ultimately affects the level of stimulation of domestic IT industries. Russia uses a selective and differentiated approach, that is why most companies in the field are cut off from the preferential tax regime. The EAEU countries have developed more positive experience in this matter due to the simplification of the registration procedure required to enter the preferential zones, both for domestic and foreign IT companies and the admission to the HTP and SEZ of individuals specialists. The access of foreign companies from friendly countries as residents in the territory of the Russian SEZ will facilitate the introduction of new information technologies and the exchange of experience with domestic companies. The thesis is also substantiated that for a holistic and systematic stimulation of the development of the domestic IT industry, it seems inappropriate to differentiate companies into Software Company (companies specializing in high technologies) and companies not specializing in such technologies. Special attention is drawn to the need to expand the list of types of IT-activities that provide access to domestic companies to the mechanism of preferential taxation. The article notes that the experience of tax incentives for the IT industry in the EAEU countries shows that the approach used makes it possible to unite the majority of domestic companies and specialists — individuals in the territory of a separate free economic zone or HTP, that is beneficial both for the companies themselves and individuals from — for preferential taxation, and to the state, which keeps them records and records of their IT products and discoveries. In the Russian Federation IT companies, unless they are included in the SEZ, are fragmented and more difficult to control in this sense. In general, it is concluded that in Russia it is necessary to ensure the uniform application of tax incentives for the domestic IT industry throughout the territory, which will contribute to its development and growth of competitiveness in the international market.
Navigating the landscape of periodontal and peri-implant microsurgery: A contemporary review
Authors: Devadharshini Chandrasekar , Burnice Nalina Kumari , Jaideep Mahendra , Nikita Ravi , Vijayalakshmi Rajaram
Published: June 2024

Periodontal and per-implant microsurgery have revolutionized the field of dental surgery, enabling precise and minimally invasive procedures with improved outcomes. The advent of microsurgical instruments, enhanced magnification systems, and specialized suturing techniques has allowed clinicians to achieve superior aesthetic and functional results while minimizing patient discomfort and morbidity. Furthermore, emerging technologies such as digital planning and guided surgery have complemented microsurgical techniques, enabling more predictable outcomes and patient-centered treatment approaches. The review aims to discuss the principles of microsurgery, including flap design, tissue handling, and suture placement, and explores their applications in the management of mucogingival defects and periimplantitis. Continued research and clinical advancements in this field are essential to further enhance treatment outcomes and refine surgical protocols for the benefit of patients and practitioners.
Protocol L2.3 (LIG fabrication) v2
Authors: S McLamore Eric , Vanegas Diana , not provided dbahamo , not provided kmccour , Tang Yifan
Published: June 2024

This protocol describes the procedure for deposition of biotinylated aptamers on avidin-coated LIG electrodes. The complete process requires approximately 25 min to complete (Fig 1).
Whole genome sequencing of H5N1 from dairy products with tiled 250bp amplicons v1
Authors: C. Vuyk William , Lail Andrew , Emmen Isla , Hassan Nura , Barros Tiburcio Patrick , Newman Christina , R. Minor Nicholas , Wilson Nancy , Friedrich Thomas , O'Connor David
Published: June 2024

Here we present a new short tiled amplicon scheme for the whole-genome sequencing of H5N1 from dairy product samples, and the methods we have used to successfully obtain whole-genome H5N1 sequences from dairy product samples using these primers. The majority of these primers were created using primalscheme with recent H5N1 sequences provided by the Andersen Lab (https://github.com/andersen-lab/avian-influenza/tree/master/alignments) used as a reference.1-2 The primalscheme amplicons left coverage gaps at the very 5' and 3' ends of each gene segment, so we manually added additional primers to supplement these gaps informed by primers developed by the Moncla Lab (https://github.com/moncla-lab/h5-sequencing-protocol-dev/blob/main/RT_and_PCR_protocol.md).3 The attached BED file contains the primer sequences aligned to gene segment sequences from A/Bovine/texas/24-029328-01/2024(H5N1).4 We were inspired by the effectiveness of the QIAseq DIRECT SARS-CoV-2 250bp tiled amplicon scheme at amplifying difficult environmental samples for sequencing, and continue to use QIAseq Direct SARS-CoV-2 reagents and protocols in this workflow for that reason.5 We plan to add our qPCR and sequencing results from commercial dairy samples to our github at https://github.com/dholab/dairy-hpai-monitoring.
Implicaciones sobre el uso del concepto adolescencia en psicoanálisis: un análisis del discurso y de sus formas de subjetividad
Authors:   Universidad Veracruzana, Pérez Leura Silvia Estela , García Valdez Ricardo ,   Universidad Veracruzana
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo deriva de un trabajo de investigación doctoral. Tiene el propósito de fungir como un operador crítico que busca mostrar, a través de un análisis del discurso, las principales líneas de cruce, dispersión y mutación generadas alrededor del concepto de adolescencia en el dispositivo psicoanalítico. Esto con la finalidad de señalar algunas implicaciones epistémicas, políticas y clínicas subyacentes a la configuración de determinadas formas de subjetividad propiciadas por dicho concepto. A raíz de este análisis se esboza una línea de pensamiento alterna en la que el sujeto y el acontecimiento se convierten en los ejes conceptuales que nos permiten un reposicionamiento frente a la cuestión adolescente en función de ese otro orden que parece designar la pubertad.
A supervisão em paralaxe: da original fundação da psicanálise à decisiva formação de analista
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Alves da Silva Filho Estanislau
Published: June 2024

Paralaxe é o deslocamento aparente de um objeto quando se muda o ponto de vista. Que tal mudar o ângulo de observação da supervisão? Que tal pensar sobre a forma como a supervisão é parte ineludível de uma formação psicanalítica, isto é, da criação de um psicanalista? Será que só alguém com a envergadura e a experiência de um Breuer ou um Winnicott poderiam fazer uma supervisão de verdade? Vamos ver.
El Racismo a través de los cuerpos
Authors:   UNAM, Herrera Amaya Maria Elena
Published: June 2024

Este texto analiza los efectos que el racismo tiene sobre los cuerpos de poblaciones racializadas. Particularmente, se centra en el caso de familias trabajadoras agrícolas indígenas, para quienes, aunque el racismo no se nombre como tal, son las huellas en sus cuerpos las que hablan sobre el racismo y sus procesos profundos y complejos de racialización, y que se manifiestan de manera cotidiana en forma de cansancio, dolores, molestias, entre otras. A partir esto se propone generar una reflexión desde el enfoque etnográfico para estudiar el racismo y sobre el trabajo situado desde la investigación social frente a estas problemáticas.
Comunidad emocional: un caso de acompañamiento a familiares víctimas indirectas de feminicidio en Chiapas, México
Authors:   Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnología, Fernández Camacho Marcela
Published: June 2024

Neste artigo analiso o apoio prestado por um grupo de ativistas a uma família Tsotsil vítima indireta de feminicídio em Chiapas, México. Para isso, utilize a categoria analítica de comunidade emocional com enfase em sua naturaleza política e exponho a metodologia qualitative, feminist e militante aplicada. Os resultados mostram a forma como a emoçao, a política e o significado se entrelaçam numa comunidade composta por vítimas, activistas e, por vezes, funcionários do Estado, onde se cria uma teia de laços com força emocional. Concluo que o exposto nos permite realizer açoes políticas de incidência e transformação com sentido de justice e reparação para as vítimas.
Evolution of the concept of inclusivity in architecture
Authors: Nasybullina Renata , Zuykov Dmitry
Published: June 2024

The evolution of the concept of inclusivity in architecture is examined. The issue is studied in conjunction with an analysis of the historical context, namely the attitude of the state, society and church towards people with special needs of psychophysical development. Each of the five stages of this process was reflected in the development of architecture of its time. The first three were purely isolating in nature. The result of the first was the emergence of shelters and almshouses for people with special needs. At the end of the second, the first specialized hospitals were created. The third stage became important for the idea of inclusive education, when the first schools and universities for people with disabilities were founded. The fourth period became a turning point in the process of evolution; society abandoned the isolation of the population group being studied and set a course for its integration, leaving the concept of architecture “for the anomalous” in the past. The result of the current fifth stage can be considered the final formation of the idea of inclusiveness in architecture, taking into account the needs of each person and the characteristics of his perception of the world.
DETERMINANTS OF EXPORT ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THEIR HETEROGENEOUS IMPACT
Authors: Kravchenko S. I.
Published: June 2024

The article aims to analyse current trends in the export entrepreneurship sphere. The main objective of the study is to identify a possible relationship between the attained level of export performance achieved in different countries and various institutional and other determinants. The article provides a concise theoretical overview and bibliometric analysis of publications, highlighting promising directions for the promotion of export entrepreneurship and identifying key factors influencing its effectiveness. To achieve the study՚s objective, data are used on the time to export a single cargo, the number of procedures to register a new business, the creditworthiness of countries, GDP per capita, the share of natural resource rents in GDP, the efficiency of government institutions, the share of urban population in the total population, and the average years of education. The specified parameters have been collected for the period from 2006 to 2020. To analyse the nature of the influence of the selected determinants, a sample of 135 countries with different levels of population income was compiled. Statistical data processing was carried out using the software tools EViews 13 and Stata/MP 14.2. Initially, a series of econometric tests were used to check the panel data for multicollinearity, variable stationarity, and their cointegration. Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) methods were then used to estimate the statistically significant long-term relationship between the variables. As a result, a pool of significant factors of institutional and other factors has been identified that determine the effectiveness of export entrepreneurship in the country. The results obtained allow for a more comprehensive justification of measures to support the development of export business activities.
Biochemical parameters of the retroplacental blood in preeclampsia
Authors: Samusevich Anastasia N. , Samokhodskaya Larisa M. , Proskurnina Elena V. , Ignatko Irina V. , Panina Olga B.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: The efficiency of existing methods of predicting preeclampsia is far from 100%, which dictates the need to search for new additional markers. Retroplacental blood is a unique and practically unstudied biological substrate, and its composition probably influences the course of pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the biochemical parameters of retroplacental blood in preeclampsia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 53 pregnant women who were divided into two groups: the first group had normal pregnancy (n=28), and the second group had severe preeclampsia (n=25). All pregnant women underwent cesarean section at delivery. Peripheral and retroplacental blood sera were examined. Sampling was performed immediately after mechanical separation of the placenta and separation of the afterbirth. Levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, total and direct bilirubin, glucose, and uric acid were determined on a Beckman Coulter AU480 biochemical analyzer (Germany).
RESULTS: The biochemical composition of retroplacental and peripheral blood showed significant differences (p 0.05). In physiologic pregnancy, the levels of ALT, AST, LDH, urea, creatinine, direct bilirubin, and uric acid were significantly (p 0.05) higher by 1.9, 20.1, 11.4, 1.14, 1.19, 2.0, and 1.15 times, respectively, whereas glucose levels were 1.5 times lower in the retroplacental blood. In patients with severe preeclampsia, the levels of AST, LDH, creatinine, total and direct bilirubin, and uric acid were significantly (p 0.05) increased in retroplacental blood by 11.7, 11.5, 1.3, 1.2, 2.2, and 1.11 times, respectively, and glucose levels decreased 1.57 times. When comparing the biochemical composition of the peripheral blood of the first and second groups, reliable differences (p 0.05) were noted only in ALT, AST, total protein, albumin, urea, and creatinine. However, in the retroplacental blood under physiologic pregnancy and preeclampsia, significant differences (p 0.05) were found only for urea, creatinine, and uric acid levels.
CONCLUSION: The study of the biochemical composition of the retroplacental blood can provide a more complete picture of the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Design of iPSC-based cell model to study the functions of the UBE2A gene
Authors: Fedorenko Alisa V. , Khomyakova Ekaterina A. , Surdina Anastasia V. , Sekretova Elizaveta K. , Limanskaya Tatiana V. , Belikova Lilia D. , Volovikov Egor A. , Gridina Maria M. , Khabarova Anna A. , Kashevarova Anna A. , Fedotov Dmitry A. , Zerkalenkova Elena A. , Lagarkova Maria A. , Lebedev Igor N. , Bogomazova Alexandra N.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: The UBE2A protein belongs to the E2 family of ubiquitin-binding enzymes involved in the ubiquitination of substrate proteins. UBE2A mutations lead to congenital X-linked mental retardation syndrome-type Nascimento. How UBE2A participates in the central nervous system development is still unknown.
AIM: To establish a cell model based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to study the molecular and cellular functions of UBE2A in neurogenesis.
METHODS: Using genomic CRISPR-Cas9 editing and lentiviral transduction, a cell model based on iPSCs from two healthy donors was designed. This cell model includes isogenic iPSCs with knockout and inducible hyperexpression of UBE2A. In addition, iPSCs were obtained by reprogramming peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient diagnosed with X-linked mental retardation of Nascimento type, which has a deletion spanning the whole UBE2A locus.
RESULTS: The obtained iPSCs demonstrate an ESC-like morphology. They express pluripotent cell markers OCT4, SOX2, SSEA-4, and TRA-1-81 and have normal karyotypes. iPSCs with UBE2A knockout or hyperexpression had significantly increased nuclei size compared with the isogenic control.
CONCLUSION: The developed iPSC-based cell model can be used for fundamental studies of the functions of UBE2A in neurogenesis.
Proteomic and transcriptomic response of human skeletal muscle to 12-week resistance training
Authors: Lednev Egor M. , Vepkhvadze Tatiana F. , Smirnov Igor P. , Sultanov Rinat I. , Zhelankin Andrey V. , Kanygina Alexandra V. , Popov Daniil V. , Generozov Edward V.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Decreased skeletal muscle mass and properties lead to the development of various pathologies and increased risk for injuries. Studies of the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle adaptation to resistance training to increase muscle mass and strength appear imperative for medicine and sports.
AIM: To assess changes in the proteomic profile (quantitative panoramic mass spectrometric analysis) of skeletal muscles and the correlation of these changes with the expression of the corresponding mRNAs (RNA-sequencing) before and after 12 weeks of strength training and changes in the transcriptome 8 and 24 h after an acute resistance exercise with one leg.
METHODS: Ten untrained men (aged 23 [20.8–25.9] years; body mass index, 22 [20.9–25.1] kg/m2) performed a two-legged seated platform press for 12 weeks (3 times/week, 50–75% of maximum voluntary contraction [MVC]). After training, the volunteers performed an acute strength exercise with one leg. Before and after 12 weeks of training, the MVC and volume of the quadriceps femoris muscle were assessed. Before and after training, as well as 8 and 24 h after the acute resistance exercise, a biopsy of the vastus lateralis muscle was performed from the loaded and contralateral limbs for immunohistochemical, proteomic (high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry), and transcriptomic (RNA-sequencing) analyses.
RESULTS: The 12-week strength training increased the MVC by 19%, quadriceps femoris volume by 12%, cross-sectional area of type 2 (fast) fibers by 29%, minimum Feret diameter of type 2 fibers by 10%, and type 1 (slow) fibers by 13%. Of the 1174 detected proteins, 24 increased, and 83 decreased in content. Strength training resulted in an increase in the expression levels of 142 and a decrease in 65 of the 12,112 mRNAs detected, with enrichment for the functional terms of the extracellular environment, matrix, basement membrane, etc. Changes in the contents of 433 mRNAs after 8 h and 639 mRNAs after 24 h were found when comparing the once-loaded muscle with the contralateral one (genes associated with contractile activity). Changes in the content of only a small part of proteins (5–9 out of 107) correlated with the changes in the corresponding mRNAs.
CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis showed that the 12-week resistance training had little effect on the relative abundance of high-abundance proteins in muscles. The increase in muscle mass induced by training appears to be explained by a similar change in the synthesis/degradation rates of the detected proteins. In the comparison of proteomic data with changes in mRNA expression after 12 weeks of training and 8 and 24 h after a single load (gene response specific to contractile activity), changes in protein contents caused by strength training were regulated mainly at the post-transcriptional level.
Valor del electrocardiograma en el diagnóstico de la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda en la hipertensión arterial
Authors: Osorio Domínguez Andrés de Jesús , Ortiz-Galeano Ignacio
Published: June 2024

Introducción: la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda es un factor de riesgo independiente de enfermedad cardiovascular. Existen diversos criterios electrocardiográficos para el diagnóstico, con distintas sensibilidades y especificidades. Objetivo: determinar el valor diagnóstico de los criterios electrocardiográficos de hipertrofia del ventrículo izquierdo en comparación a la ecocardiografía transtorácica en personas adultas con hipertensión arterial. Material y método: diseño observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal, tipo prueba diagnóstica, que incluyó a pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial internados en las salas de Clínica Médica del Hospital de Clínicas, Paraguay, desde agosto del 2022 a agosto del 2023. Se determinaron las variables demográficas, criterios electrocardiográficos (Sokolov-Lyon, Cornell, Lewis, Peguero Lo Presti) y ecocardiográficos de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda. Resultados: se evaluaron 517 electrocardiogramas y ecocardiografías de pacientes hipertensos. Según criterio de Sokolov-Lyon la sensibilidad fue 16% y la especificidad 70% para el diagnóstico de la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda; por criterios de Cornell la sensibilidad fue 43% y especificidad 87 %; por criterios de Lewis la sensibilidad fue 26% y especificidad 76% y por criterios de Peguero Lo Presti la sensibilidad fue 63% y la especificidad 87%. Conclusión: el criterio por electrocardiograma de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda con mayor sensibilidad fue de Peguero Lo Presti y los de mayor especificidad fueron los de Peguero Lo Presti y Cornell.
Endemic La Crosse Virus Neuroinvasive Disease in North Carolina Residents: 2000–2020
Authors: Davis Joseph , Atkins Chelsea , Doyle Michael , Williams Carl , Boyce Ross , Byrd Brian
Published: June 2024

Background

La Crosse virus neuroinvasive disease (LACVND) is the most common cause of arboviral encephalitis in children within the United States; in North Carolina, it is the most prevalent endemic mosquito-borne disease in humans.

Methods

Here we report a surveillance summary of confirmed and probable LACVND during 2000–2020 using North Carolina Electronic Disease Surveillance System data, and we describe associated demographic characteristics, spatiotemporal distribution, clinical features, and mortality rates.

Results

A total of 355 cases (74.9% confirmed) were reported from 41 North Carolina counties; most cases (92%) occurred in 19 Western North Carolina counties. An average of 17 cases were reported annually with the majority (94%) of cases occurring between mid-June and early October (epiweeks 25–41). The median case age was nine years (range: 1–95 years), 79% were aged ≤ 18 years, and 56.6% were male. Cases commonly presented with headache (95.4%), fever (95.1%), and altered mental status (80.8%); encephalitis (82.0%) and meningitis (45.9%) were frequently diagnosed. Encephalitis was more common in children (87%) than adults (62%) (P < .001). Similarly, seizures were more common in children (54%) than adults (27%) (P < .01). The case fatality rate was 1.4%; however, differences in age-specific rates were observed.

Limitations

Changes in case definitions and reporting requirements, missing data, different reporting sources, and the retrospective nature of this study are all important limitations of our study.

Conclusion

Given the persistent endemicity of La Crosse virus in Western North Carolina, clinicians and public health providers should consider La Crosse virus disease in all individuals, especially children, with compatible symptoms and a travel history to endemic counties. Prevention measures and educational outreach/public health messaging should focus on caregivers and children in Western North Carolina counties and during times when transmission risk is higher (i.e., summer and early fall).
Current insight on irinotecan dose adjustment in advanced colorectal cancers based on pharmacogenetic studies: an updated review
Authors: Sadighi Sanambar , Shaker Pouyan , Shafiee Mohammad
Published: June 2024

Despite advancements in colorectal cancer screening and treatment, the occurrence, severity, and mortality rates have consistently risen among younger patients. Precision medicine aims to personalize cytotoxic drug dosages, such as irinotecan, by considering the pharmacogenetic specificity of glucuronidation backgrounds. Our search, focused on recent developments (2020-2024) in categorizing Uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A1 variants related to irinotecan's safety, effectiveness, and cost-benefit in metastatic colorectal cancer patients identified 32 relevant clinical studies and recent reviews from 296 abstracts in PubMed and PubMed Central databases. This updated review emphasizes racial disparities in the incidence and essential variants influencing irinotecan's activated metabolite (SN-38). While UGT1A1*28 homozygosity is the primary cause of toxicity in North America, Europe, and a Middle Asian country, UGT1A1*6 is the prominent variant responsible in East Asian countries. Despite various methods employed for dose adjustment based on pharmacogenomic findings, individualization of the dose has been associated with reduced toxicity, improved response, and enhanced patient survival. The recommended irinotecan dose in the FOLFIRI regimen can be variable between 120mg/m2 to 350 mg/m2 based on the UGT1A1 genotype variant. Moreover, this approach appears to be cost-effective, as suggested by European and Chinese studies.
Prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficiency among Hausa and Fulani ethnics in Kano, North-West Nigeria
Authors: I Jelani
Published: June 2024

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the rate-determining step in the pentose phosphate pathway. Its activity is a key determinant of the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate to oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH-to-NADP+) ratio in the cytoplasm and thus contributes to the replenishment of the antioxidant glutathione system. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is a common X-linked human enzyme defect of red blood cells. Individuals with this gene defect appear normal until exposed to oxidative stress which induces haemolysis but it is infrequently taken into consideration in health practices. Aim: The present work was designed to determine the frequency of occurrence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency among Hausa and Fulani ethnics. Material and methods: Cross-sectional comparative study in which 5 mL of venous blood samples were collected from 1000 individuals (596 males and 404 females) all of whom gave informed consent were screened for G-6-PD-deficiency by qualitative methaemoglobin reduction and quantitative enzyme activity measurement techniques. Results: Glucose-6-phoshate dehydrogenase deficiency was found in 194 (19.4%) of participants studied. Of these 10.3% were Fulani and 22.2% were Hausa with mean G-6-PD enzyme activity of 2.5 IU/gHb in a range from 1.4 to 2.4 IU/gHb. G-6-PD deficiency was found in 121 of 596 (20.3%) males and 73 of 404 (18.1%) females screened. Conclusions: These results suggest high occurrence of phenotypic G-6-PD deficiency in Hausa ethnics of Kano with lower enzyme status among males living with G-6-PD deficiency.
The majesty of commerce. Between royal supreme dominion and commercial law in the Spanish Indies (1674-1693)
Authors: Jiménez Castillo Juan
Published: June 2024

This article analyses how, through trade, the “supreme power” of the Hispanic monarchy was refuted by natural law and the law of nations at the end of the 17th century in the kingdoms of the Indies. This work explains –from the court system approach– the reasons that provoked the turning point of a disintegration of the domestic economic system (oeconomia), based on the grand governments of the viceroys in Spanish America, to give way to another model of political economy, more secularised and centralised (Consulado de Comerciantes de Lima), in which freedom of trade and the defence of individual property led to the reconfiguration of the political and economic space of America. Finally, it will be concluded that the American consulates of commerce encouraged the end of the “absolute power” of the viceroys, while promoting commercial development and the defence of the law of nations, anticipating the reforms of the Enlightenment.
Mikrokalorymetria jako narzędzie w badaniach kinetyki enzymatycznej
Authors: Śliwiak Joanna , Urbanowicz Anna
Published: June 2024

Enzymes, as biocatalysts, are an important target of many therapies and are also of great industrial importance, which is why repeatable and accurate parameterization of enzymatic catalysis is very important. The most popular spectrophotometric detection method in enzymology, despite its low cost and speed, often cannot be used directly due to the inappropriate spectral properties of substrates and products. It is then necessary to use auxiliary enzymes, chemical modification of substrates or post-reaction analysis, which may increase the cost of measurement, extend its time or affect the accuracy. Isothermal titration calorimetry is a method widely used mainly for the characterization of inter-molecular interactions, however, its use in enzyme kinetics is gaining more and more recognition due to the direct measurement of the reaction rate using the universal parameter of heat, high sensitivity and low reagent consumption. This work discusses two strategies for conducting a kinetic calorimetric experiment and their applications.
Bisubstantive sentences in scientific discourse: Types of evaluation in scientific articles
Authors:   Federal State University of Education, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Vatina Anastasia Y.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes general and specific types of evaluation actualized in bisubstantive sentences in scientific articles in various specialties. It is noted that bisubstantive sentences are a productive means of expressing evaluative meaning. Although scientific articles have been revealed to express a predominately neutral evaluation, almost 12% of all analyzed examples have positive or negative assessments. The expression of evaluation in sentences with the lexeme “problem” is considered and the use of intensifiers with this lexeme is analyzed. There is a tendency to use emotional evaluation in scientific articles in order to attract the attention of readers. It was determined how frequently the specific evaluative meanings, based on the classification of N. D. Arutyunova, were used in bisubstantive sentences in scientific articles. Of the 593 examples of sentences of this type, 327 have a rationalistic evaluation (utilitarian evaluation – 86 examples, normative – 216, teleological – 34), sensory evaluation is found in 29 examples (psychological – 29, sensory-gustatory – 0), sublimated evaluation is identified in 5 examples (aesthetic – 1, ethical – 4). It is shown that different types of specific evaluation can appear in one sentence, while general evaluation can vary within one sentence only if there are additional means of contrast. Normative evaluation prevails in scientific articles. 40% of bisubstantive sentences are noted to have no specific evaluative meaning. It has been revealed that in scientific discourse diminutives in scientific terms do not have evaluative meaning.
Martian chronicles of the “Belle Époque”
Authors:   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chekalov Kirill A.
Published: June 2024

The French literature from the late 19th and early 20th centuries that can be classified as “space fiction” centered on missions to Mars and making contact with Martians. The topic’s appeal stems from scientific findings of the time (particularly the so-called Martian canals) as well as the traditional symbolism of the Roman god who gave the Red Planet its name. All authors who wrote about Mars during the “Belle Époque” were inspired, to varying degrees, by the writings of the eminent astronomer Camille Flammarion (both scientific and fictional). The article delves into the specifics of how Joseph Rosnyaîné, André Laurie, Georges Le Faure, Henry de Graffigny, Arnould Galopin, Gustave Le Rouge, and Jean de La Hire interpret the Martian theme in their works. It is demonstrated that the use of traditional materials for popular novels is mixed with a desire to update popular literature’s narrative strategies. Thus, The Extraordinary Adventures of a Russian Scientist Across the Solar System by Le Faure and Graffigny, written between 1888-1896, contrasts the “intergalactic” theme, which was novel in French literature, with its archaic interpretation. The tendency to mix genres, to combine the “merveilleux-scientifique” (scientific marvelous) with Gothic and vampire literature approaches, as well as to augment the story with the occult component, increases. The so-called “martian duology” by G. Le Rouge, which lays the foundation for the poetics of horror – so vital to the 20th-century popular reading – is among the most significant literary works. The modernist bent is particularly evident in J. de La Hire’s 1911 book The Mystery of the Fifteen, which foresaw the rise of the superman hero, a new type of hero for the popular novel (however, this hero did not gain popularity in France).
Ethical aspects of preparing journalistic materials about children and for children’s audiences: A humanistic approach
Authors:   Moscow State University of Education, Zubarkina Elena S.
Published: June 2024

Thе article examines a two-pronged problem: the need to develop fundamental documents on the Russian media’s observance of humanistic principles, when preparing materials about childhood, as well as the lack of a professional journalistic school within which such approaches are formed and supported. The author turns to scientific research in the field of deontology and philosophy of journalism and comes to the conclusion, that the implementation of tasks to humanize the information space depends not only on the level of the development of media ethics, but also on the will of journalists, the political situation, and the structure of the media market at the stage of its economic transformation. In an aggressive media environment and when the professional journalistic community ignores ethical principles, the most vulnerable audience group subject to negative influence are minors. Today, some editorial offices deliberately deviate from the norms of morality and ethics in the process of creating a potentially “saleable” information product, while children and adolescents, according to statistics, are regularly indirect consumers of non-target content. That is why the author of the article chooses media texts from professional media as an empirical basis, since their authors, unlike many bloggers and content creators on social networks, as editorial staff, are aware of the responsibility not only at the legislative but also at the corporate level. Certain ethical charters and standards ratified by journalistic organizations in Russia contain recommendations for the preparation of media materials that address the topic of childhood directly or indirectly. A detailed analysis of the presented documents allows us to conclude that some provisions adopted in the early 2000s have lost their relevance, and today it is necessary not only to revise their content, but also to raise the question among practitioners about the need to show greater attention to measures of deterring aggressive rhetoric, as well as the question about the introduction of new self-regulation mechanisms.
Features of the teacher’s interaction with Russian and Chinese student audiences
Authors:   Northeast Petroleum University, Yu Zhang
Published: June 2024

This article deals with the peculiarities of the teacher’s interaction with the Russian and Chinese student audiences in the process of teaching in the higher education system of the Russian Federation. Russian and Chinese students’ audience features were analyzed in terms of using these features in the professional activity of a teacher teaching Russian and Chinese students both individually and as part of mixed groups. The author highlights the following as the main features of Chinese students: collectivism, respect for elders, fear of “losing one’s face”, good memory, tendency to memorize the material, orientation to the fact that the teacher is always right, compliance with the principles of subordination, different from Russian practice, ambiguous attitude to non-traditional forms of classroom instruction, positive attitude to the use of electronic learning tools. Russian and Chinese students are also given a comparative description from the point of view of the peculiarities of the mentality of the representatives of Chinese and Russian linguoculture. It is concluded that a university teacher who takes into account the peculiarities of the Chinese audience will be able to structure the educational process in such a way that all the peculiarities of the mentality of Chinese students will be taken into account. The author also concludes that the due regard of the Russian and Chinese students’ national characteristics will make it possible to teach effectively in mixed student groups. The final paragraphs present possible prospects for further research into the peculiarities of teacher interaction with Russian and Chinese student audiences at the current stage of the development of the higher education system of the Russian Federation.