bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ist2 recruits the lipid transporters Osh6/7 to ER–PM contacts to maintain phospholipid metabolism
Authors: Wong Andrew King On , Young Barry Paul , Loewen Christopher J.R.
Published: July 2021

ER-plasma membrane (PM) contacts are proposed to be held together by distinct families of tethering proteins, which in yeast include the VAP homologues Scs2/22, the extended-synaptotagmin homologues Tcb1/2/3, and the TMEM16 homologue Ist2. It is unclear whether these tethers act redundantly or whether individual tethers have specific functions at contacts. Here, we show that Ist2 directly recruits the phosphatidylserine (PS) transport proteins and ORP family members Osh6 and Osh7 to ER–PM contacts through a binding site located in Ist2’s disordered C-terminal tethering region. This interaction is required for phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) production by the PS decarboxylase Psd2, whereby PS transported from the ER to the PM by Osh6/7 is endocytosed to the site of Psd2 in endosomes/Golgi/vacuoles. This role for Ist2 and Osh6/7 in nonvesicular PS transport is specific, as other tethers/transport proteins do not compensate. Thus, we identify a molecular link between the ORP and TMEM16 families and a role for endocytosis of PS in PE synthesis.
Long-lived mitochondrial cristae proteins in mouse heart and brain
Authors: Bomba-Warczak Ewa , Edassery Seby L. , Hark Timothy J. , Savas Jeffrey N.
Published: July 2021

Long-lived proteins (LLPs) have recently emerged as vital components of intracellular structures whose function is coupled to long-term stability. Mitochondria are multifaceted organelles, and their function hinges on efficient proteome renewal and replacement. Here, using metabolic stable isotope labeling of mice combined with mass spectrometry (MS)–based proteomic analysis, we demonstrate remarkable longevity for a subset of the mitochondrial proteome. We discovered that mitochondrial LLPs (mt-LLPs) can persist for months in tissues harboring long-lived cells, such as brain and heart. Our analysis revealed enrichment of mt-LLPs within the inner mitochondrial membrane, specifically in the cristae subcompartment, and demonstrates that the mitochondrial proteome is not turned over in bulk. Pioneering cross-linking experiments revealed that mt-LLPs are spatially restricted and copreserved within protein OXPHOS complexes, with limited subunit exchange throughout their lifetimes. This study provides an explanation for the exceptional mitochondrial protein lifetimes and supports the concept that LLPs provide key structural stability to multiple large and dynamic intracellular structures.
Considerations in Personality Measurement
Authors: Hall Matthew E. K. , Hollibaugh Gary E. , Klingler Jonathan D. , Ramey Adam J.
Published: July 2021

In another article in this issue, Black et al. discuss their preferred approach to estimating Supreme Court justices’ Big Five personality traits from written text and provide several critiques of the approach of Hall et al. In this rejoinder, we show that Black et al.’s critiques are substantially without merit, their preferred approach suffers from many of the same drawbacks that they project onto our approach, their specific method of implementing their preferred approach runs afoul of many contemporary social scientific norms, our use of concurrences to estimate personality traits is far more justifiable than they suggest (especially in contrast to their use of lower court opinions), and their substantive critiques reflect a potential misunderstanding of the nature of conscientiousness. Nonetheless, we also acknowledge their broader point regarding the state-of-the-art textual analysis methodology vis-à-vis the estimation of personality traits, and we provide some constructive suggestions for the path forward.
Teaching friction at university level through an experiment with images
Authors: Leite Marcos L , Maidana Nora L , Fonseca Monaliza , Barros Suelen F , Adúriz-Bravo Agustín , Vanin Vito R
Published: July 2021

The experiment with images described here contributes to the scarce literature about the experimental approach to the classical problem of oblique launching on the surface of an inclined plane. It is directed at an intermediate physics course, with the aim of contextualizing the teaching of the laws of friction and empirical modeling in Classical Mechanics. We used a video of a two-dimensional real motion of a coin sliding on an inclined plane, a case where the net force varies continuously. The video frames were separated and each one was assigned a time code by a computational process. The resulting set of images was used to analyze the dynamical evolution of the system, by recording the coin positions at known instants. All the images and laboratory manuals can be accessed at http://www.fep.if.usp.br/∼fisfoto/translacao/planoInclinado/index.php. Realizing that the resistive force can be interpreted as the kinetic friction force, according to Amontons’ laws, it is possible to build a theoretical model able to predict the trajectory through a first order numerical method, and then fit its parameters to the observed trajectory. This proposal reconciles the laboratory with Information and Communication Digital Technologies (ICDT). It also favors a deeper discussion about the role of laws, models and hypotheses in the physical sciences, which could be particularly interesting in the case of teacher education.
Memristive behaviour of electrodeposited bismuth selenide
Authors: Mihailovic I A , Klösel K , Hierold C
Published: July 2021

We demonstrate memristive functions of the room temperature thermoelectric material Bi-Se fabricated by electrochemical deposition in combination with active electrode Ag-based contacts. We present microfabrication steps for creating polymer molds for the growth of compact memristive films. The electrical measurements show clear forming-free resistive switching behaviour for the electrochemically deposited material while temperature dependent measurements point to Schottky and space-charge-limited-current conduction mechanisms. For the envisioned combination of the memristors with a thermoelectric device we can conclude that electrodeposition is a viable method to produce silver-chalcogenide based non-volatile memristors for co-integration in zero power sensors.
A biokinetic model for systemic sodium
Authors: Samuels Caleigh , Leggett Rich
Published: July 2021

This paper describes an updated biokinetic model for systemic sodium (Na), developed for use in a series of reports by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) on occupational intake of radionuclides. In contrast to the ICRP’s previous model for intake of radio-sodium by workers, the updated model depicts realistic directions of movement of Na in the body including recycling of activity between blood and tissues. The updated model structure facilitates extension of the baseline transfer coefficients for adults to different age groups and to special exposure scenarios such as transfer of radio-sodium from the mother to the foetus or the nursing infant. Dose coefficients for 22Na and 24Na based on the updated model generally do not differ greatly from those based on the ICRP’s previous Na model when both models are connected to the ICRP’s latest dosimetry system. The main exception is that the updated model yields roughly twofold higher dose coefficients for endosteal bone surface than does the previous model due to the dosimetrically cautious assumption in the updated model that exchangeable Na in bone resides on bone surface.
CT radiomic features of photodynamic priming in clinical pancreatic adenocarcinoma treatment
Authors: Vincent Phuong , Maeder Matthew E , Hunt Brady , Linn Bryan , Mangels-Dick Tiffany , Hasan Tayyaba , Wang Kenneth K , Pogue Brian W
Published: July 2021

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers localized focal ablation in unresectable pancreatic tumors while tissues surrounding the treatment volume experience a lower light dose, termed photodynamic priming (PDP). While PDP does not cause tissue damage, it has been demonstrated to promote vascular permeability, improve drug delivery, alleviate tumor cell density, and reduce desmoplasia and the resultant internal pressure in pre-clinical evaluation. Preclinical data supports PDP as a neoadjuvant therapy beneficial to subsequent chemotherapy or immunotherapy, yet it is challenging to quantify PDP effects in clinical treatment without additional imaging and testing. This study investigated the potential of radiomic analysis using CT scans acquired before and after PDT to identify areas experiencing PDT-induced necrosis as well as quantify PDP effects in the surrounding tissues. A total of 235 CT tumor slices from seven patients undergoing PDT for pancreatic tumors were examined. Radiomic features assessed included intensity metrics (CT number in Hounsfield Units) and texture analysis using several gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) parameters. Pre-treatment scans of tumor areas that resulted in PDT-induced necrosis showed statistically significant differences in intensity and texture-based features that could be used to predict the regions that did respond (paired t-test, response versus no response, p < 0.001). Evaluation of PDP effects on the surrounding tissues also demonstrated statistically significant differences, in tumor mean value, standard deviation, and GLCM parameters of contrast, dissimilarity and homogeneity (t-test, pre versus post, p < 0.001). Using leave-one-out cross validation, six intensity and texture-based features were combined into a support-vector machine model which demonstrated reliable prediction of treatment effects for six out of seven patients (ROC curve, AUC = 0.93). This study provides pilot evidence that texture features extracted from CT scans could be utilized as an effective clinical diagnostic prediction and assessment of PDT and PDP effects in pancreatic tumors. (clinical trial NCT03033225)
Optimal networks revealed by global mean first return time
Authors: Peng Junhao , Shao Renxiang , Wang Huoyun
Published: July 2021

Random walks have wide application in real lives, such as target search, reaction kinetics, polymer chains, and so on. In this paper, we consider discrete random walks on general connected networks and focus on the global mean first return time (GMFRT), which is defined as the mean first return time averaged over all the possible starting positions (vertices), aiming at finding the structures which have the maximal (or the minimal) GMFRT. Our results show that, among all trees with a given number of vertices, trees with linear structure are those with the minimal GMFRT and stars are those with the maximal GMFRT. We also find that, among all unweighted and undirected connected simple graphs with a given number of edges and vertices, the graphs maximizing (resp. minimizing) the GMFRT are the ones for which the variance of the nodes degrees is the largest (resp. the smallest).
A 61-mJ, 1-kHz cryogenic Yb:YAG laser amplifier*
Authors: He Huijun , Yu Jun , Zhu Wentao , Lin Qingdian , Guo Xiaoyang , Zhou Cangtao , Ruan Shuangchen
Published: July 2021

We report a diode-pumped rod-type Yb:YAG laser amplifier operating at 1 kHz.Cryogenic cooling method was adopted to make the Yb:YAG crystal work with four-level behavior. A single-frequency fiber laser acts as the seed in an actively Q-switched Yb:YAG oscillator. The resonator delivers 5.75-mJ pulses at 1 kHz with a pulse duration of approximately 40 ns. The pulses were amplified to 61 mJ in a four-pass rod-type Yb:YAG amplifier with optical-to-optical efficiency of 24% in the main amplifier. The M
2 parameter of the output laser is < 1.4.
Dependence of short channel length on negative/positive bias temperature instability (NBTI/PBTI) for 3D FinFET devices
Authors: Xu Ren-Ren , Zhang Qing-Zhu , Zhou Long-Da , Yang Hong , Gai Tian-Yang , Yin Hua-Xiang , Wang Wen-Wu
Published: July 2021

A comprehensive study of the negative and positive bias temperature instability (NBTI/PBTI) of 3D FinFET devices with different small channel lengths is presented. It is found while with the channel lengths shrinking from 100 nm to 30 nm, both the NBTI characteristics of p-FinFET and PBTI characteristics of n-FinFET turn better. Moreover, the channel length dependence on NBTI is more serious than that on PBTI. Through the analysis of the physical mechanism of BTI and the simulation of 3-D stress in the FinFET device, a physical mechanism of the channel length dependence on NBTI/PBTI is proposed. Both extra fluorine passivation in the corner of bulk oxide and stronger channel stress in p-FinFETs with shorter channel length causes less NBTI issue, while the extra nitrogen passivation in the corner of bulk oxide induces less PBTI degradation as the channel length decreasing for n-FinFETs. The mechanism well matches the experimental result and provides one helpful guide for the improvement of reliability issues in the advanced FinFET process.
An outlier analysis on the trend of Indonesian propensity to save
Authors: Cahyono Edi , Laome Lilis , Syarif Muh. , Saidi La Ode , Makkulau  , Raharjo Swasono
Published: July 2021

Economic cycle is in the interest of researchers as well as governments. Kaldor model of economic cycle is among the existing models. This model is a system consists of two difference equations for discrete model, and two differential equations for continuous model. Two functions of time playing role to the model are capital and production. Saving and investment as functions of capital and production also appear in the model. Often, saving is assumed as a linear function where it is a multiplication of production and a parameter the so-called propensity to save. Hence, it is assumed to be constant. In this paper, Indonesian propensity to save was analyzed. The production is the gross domestic product (GDP). The data of GDP and saving were collected from World Bank. Outlier detection was applied to anlyze the data. Neglecting the outlier, the propensity to save was obtained in the form of logarithmic function. The finding is inline with an economic assumption, and it will be important for studying the Indonesian economy.
Phonon polaritons in a bilayer ferroelectrics structure with a polarization coupling at the interface
Authors: Gunawan V , Subagio A , Umiati N A K
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we discuss the optical properties of a bilayer ferroelectrics structure comprised of two different types of ferroelectric materials. The interface interaction between these two ferroelectric materials is considered. This interaction requires the entire-cell effective medium treatment where each layer of ferroelectric is sliced into several latticed. Then, by applying Landau-Khalatnikov (LKh) equation of motion in each lattice and solving it simultaneously, the dynamic susceptibility of the bilayer system can be determined. By employing Maxwell equations, we derive the dispersion relation, which can be solved numerically using the root-finding technique. Since here we use two ferroelectric with different resonant frequencies, then the polaritons can also be found around these two frequencies. Hence, there are two leading bulk bands in the dispersion relation. The existence of polarization coupling between two ferroelectrics at the interface generates the narrow additional bulk bands in the dispersion relation. We found that these additional bulk bands are affected by the strength of interface coupling and the number of lattices in each involved layer. We also found that the increase of the thickness of the layers weaken the additional bulk bands.
High fluorescent carbon dots/Ag as a sensitive sensor for tetracycline waste in aqueous solution
Authors: Alkian I , Sutanto H , Hadiyanto H , Hidayanto E , Hapsari H P , Wibowo A A , Syahida A N , Irianti F D D
Published: July 2021

Currently, antibiotics waste produced by hospitals and pharmacies is increasing, increasing demand and public consumption. Tetracyclines are a popular type of antibiotic that can pollute the environment even in low concentrations. This study aimed to detect tetracyclines in an aqueous environment using C-dots/Ag. C-dots material was synthesized by microwave radiation method with the addition of Ag 0-4 %. C-dots/Ag is produced in the form of a brown-black powder that glows green. FTIR testing shows that C-dots/Ag contains various functional groups O-H, N-H, C-H, C=O, and C=C. The surface morphology of the C-dots based on SEM testing is round and rough. Ag’s addition causes C-dots’ surface morphology to agglomerate, shifting the C-dots’ absorbance peaks towards a larger wavelength and decreasing the energy bandgap. C-dots/Ag 2% has the best optical properties based on the intensity of the resulting fluency. In general, C-dots/Ag has excellent potential to be a susceptible, selective, and effective tetracycline detection agent.
Measurement performance quality of services (QoS) to optimizing on wireless sensor network topology for water pollution monitoring system
Authors: Ghozali M I , Sugiharto W H , Susanto H , Budihardjo M A , Suryono S
Published: July 2021

The problem of the need for clean water is very important. The several diseases triggered by poor water quality reach more than 200 cases each year and cause more than 5 million deaths worldwide. Thus, monitoring water quality becomes important for the availability of safe and clean water. Wireless sensor networks have become a promising alternative to adopted for supplementing the conventional monitoring process. This network allows measurements from the remote location in real-time and with little human intervention. Wireless sensor network topology performance will support the stability of real-time data transmission. The difference in network topology between each router-node station affects the disruption of data distribution. Quality of Services (QoS) measurement is based on wireless sensor connectivity in transmit sensor data from several parameters, including temperature, total dissolved solids, and pH in the node station to the website service. The delay in transmitting data affects the performance of the measurement of the water pollution monitoring system.
Influence of the calcination temperature on the formation of precipitated ZnO:Ce nanocrystal by employing ultrasound irradiation
Authors: Rohmaniah S , Nurhasanah I
Published: July 2021

Cerium doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO:Ce) nanocrystals were synthesized through precipitation of nitrate solution by employing ultrasound irradiation. The precipitate products were calcinated at various temperature. The calcination temperature is an important key on the formation and properties of nanocrystal. This paper studied influence of calcination temperature on the formation and optical properties of ZnO:Ce nanocrystal. ZnO:Ce nanocrystals were characterized by x-ray diffractometer and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The x-ray diffraction patterns revealed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure for ZnO:Ce nanocrystals. The increase in calcination temperature improved crystallinity and reduced the band gap energy of ZnO:Ce. The result showed that the calcination temperature strongly influenced ZnO:Ce nanocrystals formation. The optical properties of ZnO:Ce nanocrystal can be modified by varying calcination temperature.
Atmospheric dynamics and early warning system low level windshear for airport runway hazard mitigations
Authors: Gernowo R , Subagio A , Adi K , Widodo A P , Widodo C E , Putranto A B
Published: July 2021

Natural disaster nowadays often occur in Indonesia due to climate change, especially those related to atmospheric dynamics anomalies. The statutory event of atmospheric turbulence statistically is quite significant in its improvement. This is an important issue to conduct research both in the analysis of atmospheric dynamics and early detection solutions for these events. The Windshear phenomenon is an atmospheric turbulence disaster that occurs below an altitude of 3000 feet, often known as low level windshear (LLWS), which is very dangerous for planes taking take-off or landing. Its effect on the aircraft will result in increased airflow on the wings, so this increased airflow will result in a sudden increase in aircraft speed. If the pilot is not aware of the indication of the windshear, he will instinctively throttle back to reduce/compensate for the aircraft’s speed. However, once the plane passes through the wind shear zone, the wind suddenly turns into a downdraft. The design of windshear early detection devices have been developed to complement research on the dynamics of the atmosphere. The results obtained are anomalous changes in temperature and atmospheric pressure at this time, and the windshear sensor can detect it well.
Hydrocarbon identification by evaluating anisotropy parameters estimated from crosswell seismic data
Authors: Suroso T , Triyoso W , Priyono A
Published: July 2021

This study aims to identify hydrocarbon by evaluating anisotropy parameters estimated from corsswell seismic data. Several approaches were performed in this study included shear wave splitting (SWS) and angle-based velocity variation (VVA) methods. Anisotropy coefficient K was estimated by SWS method and anisotropy parameters ε, δ, and γ were estimated using modified Thomsen’s equations in Vertically Transverse Isotropy (VTI) medium applied to Crosswell seismic geometry. The velocity variation was observed when pressure (P) wave propagated through a layered media containing hydrocarbon. The P-wave velocity was decreasing along with the increasing of the incidence angle and the calculated values of anisotropy (ε, δ, γ, and K) on the target zone within interval 1390 m to 1820 m depth were relatively high compared to the zone does not contain hydrocarbon. The evaluation was verified with Poisson’s, pressure wave velocity (VP) and shear wave velocity (VS) ratio analyses and validated to the existing petrophysics data. In conclusion, anisotropy values (ε, δ, γ and K) and velocity variation with angle of incidence have a positive relationship with hydrocarbon and applicable as a tool for identifying the presence of hydrocarbon in layered media.
Information system for diagnosing Neonatal Jaundice using rule-based algorithm
Authors: Anggraini D , Widyawati M N , Suryono S
Published: July 2021

Neonatal jaundice often occurs in newborns characterized by a yellow discoloration of the sclera and baby’s skin due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood. The occurrence of jaundice needs done identified to the development of hyperbilirubinemia which has the potential to become a toxic that can cause kernicterus. Detection of jaundice by manual (visual) is still often done by parents and health workers, so that the results of the diagnosis obtained are less accurate. This study proposes an innovative used of information systems in detecting jaundice using the SDLC (Systems Development Life Cycle) method with a waterfall model. Retrieval of data in this study with a quasi experiment using non-probability sampling with consecutive sampling on 48 newborn respondents. The result of this study indicate that the information system that has been built can detect jaundice faster as much as 2.1 minutes with an accuracy rate of 91.7%, can provide appropriate solutions and an effective level of use of information systems of 90.5% which can be used as an innovation in helping overcome jaundice problems.
Information system for diagnosis in pregnant chronic energy deficiency using a rule based system algorithm
Authors: Sustamy R P , Widyawati M N , Suryono S
Published: July 2021

The condition of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) has become one of the causes of high maternal mortality. Improper handling of CED will have an impact on the health problems of both mother and baby. This is because when the diagnosis is still using conventional methods, so it takes a long time or is not time efficient, an alternative is needed to improve the quality of information system-based services in diagnosing mothers with CED. In this research, an information system design was carried out using the SDLC (System Development Life Cylce) method with the waterfall model which includes: needs analysis, design, implementation, and offer. Analysis of speed data using respondents 15 chronic energy deficiency pregnant and static test using Mann Whitney obtained p-value 0.000 p <0.05, meaning that the information system built has a significant effect on the difference in speed in making diagnoses. This information system can be applied in health facilities.
Analysis of image information of diffusion weighted image (DWI) MRI on stroke ischemic using unsharp mask technique
Authors: Mahanani A , Anwar M C , Kartikasari Y , Indrati R
Published: July 2021

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the modalities that can be used to diagnose stroke ischemic using the Diffusion Weighted Image (DWI) sequence. However, DWI sequence has a weakness. It is the presence of low signal levels which will result an image bluring. One way to reduce the bluring is by adding Propeller technique. Yet, the disadvantage of using this technique is that it takes longer time to do it. The unsharp mask technique is a post processing technique that is used to improve an edge information on the image and reduce bluring from the image. The purpose of this study is to determine the difference in image information after the unsharp mask technique is performed on the Ischemic Brain Stroke MRI Examination on DWI Sequences. This research is a quasi experimental with a Pre Post Test Only Group Design. The resulting image is given unsharp mask techniques with matrix variations 3x3, 5x5, and 7x7. The Friedman statistical test results for image information obtained p-value <0,05 which means that there is a difference in image information between before and after unsharp mask technique with increase the detail and edge on digital image and produces image information optimally by giving a 3x3 matrix.
Application of intensity transfer function (ITF) on MRI ekstremity with soft tissue tumor to improve image quality
Authors: Liscyaningsih I A N , Mulyantoro D K , Ardiyanto J , Kartikasari Y
Published: July 2021

MRI examination of extremities with soft tissue tumors are constrained in insufficient coils with enlarged objects. Recently the solution used with a larger coil such as the abdominal coil. The use of inappropriate coils will have an impact on the deterioration of image quality. The way to improve image quality is to increase Number of Exitation (NEX), but it will increase scan time and have an impact on patient comfort. Patients who are uncomfortable during the examination will make movements that can cause artifacts. Intensity Transfer Functin (ITF) is carried out to help improve image quality without increasing NEX. The purpose was to improve the image quality of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR). This research is a quasi experimental with a Pre Post Test Only Group Design. MRI image of the extremity obtained with the specified inclusion criteria and then the ITF is implemented. Data were analyzed by statistical tests Paired T Test. The results of the application of ITF on MRI Extremities can improve the SNR with p-value <0,001, and CNR with p-value <0,047.
Optimization dose and image quality enhancement of ct scan with back projection filters on the use of automatic exposure control
Authors: Fitriana L , Adi K , Ardiyanto J
Published: July 2021

Dose and image quality are two important parameters in CT Scan examination. The radiation dose produced at the CT scan is far greater than the radiation dose of the conventional radiological examination, so the utilization must be as good as possible. On Siemens CT Scan there is an automatic exposure control software, with expectations that the radiation dose received by the patient can be reduced because the software is an auto mA that is adjusted to the thickness of the object, but the impact of using the software causes a decrease in image quality, so it needs to be done image improvement using a back projection filter (BPF). Experimental research by applying a back projection filter to the Scan Head image on axial sections. Image assessment using 2 radiologists with data analysis using statistical processing and image post processing. CT Scan image information Head axial pieces experience differences in image information between before and after the back projection, with the mean value in each group experiencing an increase in image quality in the group after a back projection filter. Where the image after the back projection filter by applying automatic exposure control with kV 110 is the most optimal kV.
Comparative in anatomical information and artifacts between T2W TSE Cartesian sequences and T2W TSE BLADE sequences on axial cervical MRI examinations
Authors: Murniati E , Rochmayanti D , Purnomo T
Published: July 2021

Observation of the T2W TSE Cartesian sequence of Axial Cervical MRI Examinations still lacks a blurring on the image. One solution to overcome the blurring problem is using the BLADE trajectory. According to Finkenzeller (2014) states that TSE BLADE is significantly superior with optimum sharpness, depiction of cerebral spinal fluid, and detection of all lesions. In addition, TSE BLADE can suppress motion artifacts. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in anatomic information and artifacts between the T2W TSE Cartesian and BLADE on axial MRI cervical examination and which sequences were more optimal in terms of anatomic information and artifacts. This type of research is a quantitative study with an experimental approach involving 10 volunteers and 2 respondents specializing in radiology. Each voluntary MRI cervical examination was performed using axes T2W TSE Cartesian and BLADE sequences. Image results were examined by respondents to obtain anatomical information and artifact. The data were processed and analyzed using Cohen’s Kappa test and Wilcoxon test. The results showed that there were differences in anatomic information and artifacts between the T2W TSE Cartesian and BLADE on axial MRI cervical examinations with p-values of 0.038 or p <0.05 for differences in anatomic information, and p-values of 0.024 or p <0.05 for differences in artifacts. Sequence test results indicate that the TSE BLADE is more optimal than the TSE Cartesian, using the TSE BLADE sequence can suppress blurring artifacts so as to improve anatomical information. Conlusion: There is a difference in anatomical and artifact information between T2W TSE Cartesian and T2W TSE BLADE on Axial Cervical MRI examination. T2W TSE BLADE is superior compared to T2W TSE Cartesian
Potential scattering radiation exposure for radiation workers on eye in the cath lab room
Authors: Arifin Z , Setiawati E , Putri A , Hidayanto E , Heriyani  , Reskianto A D , Rusmanto
Published: July 2021

The scattering radiation of radiation workers especially the eyes on fluoroscopy examination relatively large. Therefore, the potential for receiving radiation exposure for radiation workers needs further evaluation and analysis. This study aims to evaluate the potential of scattering radiation received by radiation workers on the eye. The method was placing the surveyor with a variation of height 150, 160, 170 cm from the floor in a position representing such a doctor (radiation worker) when performing catheter surgery. Irradiation includes 3 modes namely cine, 1-minute, and 4-minutes fluoroscopy. The results of scattering radiation exposure at an altitude of 150 cm at 10-seconds mode cine, 1-minute, and 4-minutes mode fluoroscopy is 6.18-18.96 µSv, 1.10-16.73 µSv, 6.03-15.12 µSv, respectively. The results of scattering radiation exposure at an altitude of 160 cm at 10-seconds mode cine, 1-minute, and 4-minutes mode fluoroscopy is 1.52-69.18 µSv, 2.97-58.49 µSv, 11.23-14.36 µSv, respectively. The results of scattering radiation exposure at an altitude of 170 cm at 10-seconds mode cine, 1-minute, and 4-minutes mode fluoroscopy is 0.91-1.06 µSv, 2.97-58.49 µSv, 7.28-68.14 µSv, respectively. In conclusion, the use of cine mode at 160 cm height from the floor was the best setting for radiation workers (doctors).
Molecular genetics of osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Moekti R S , Hanafi M G S , Jazaldi F , Gultom F P , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) or imperfect formation of bone, is a disorder that affects the bone genetically. The range of clinical presentation of osteogenesis imperfecta lies widely from first trimester intrauterine day to later in life. Depends on the clinical features, it’s hard to distinguish OI fractures from other causes of fractures, like genetic, non-genetic, and non-accidental injury. OI is a group of genetically heterogeneous bone-related genetic disorders, characterized, by bone fragility, frequent fractures, deformities of the spine and limbs, with just minimal trauma, this disease is also known as “brittle bone disease”. Many recent studies identified molecular genetic defects underlying Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Osteogenesis imperfecta has a prevalence of 1 in 15-20,000 newborns. Gene signaling events of osteogenesis or collagenases pathobiology will give use another approach for the treatment of Osteogenesis Imperfecta in recent days. Osteogenesis imperfecta is a disorder related to the bone with a broad description of characteristics. Most of the individuals with Osteogenesis Imperfecta are caused by correlating gene mutation in collagenogenesis encoding gene, which is COLIA1 and COL1A2, but in recent years, many other genetic causes have been known as the lead of this disease, such as mutation of such genes, LEPRE, SERPIN, WNT, BMP, IFITM. These genes are known as the correlated gene in the collagenogenesis and the other correlates to bone formation and maturation.
The growth rate of inulinolytic yeast isolates from yum (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) and their inulinase production capability
Authors: Wijanarka  , Rukmi I , Purwantisari S
Published: July 2021

Inulinase (EC. 3.2.1.7) is a hydrolytic enzyme that hydrolyze inulin into fructose. This enzyme was very important in the high fructose syrup industry. Microbes producing inulinase can be isolated from various sources, among others from various types of tuber that contain inulin. The isolation of inulinolytic yeast from yum (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) obtained two potential isolates. Research on the growth rate of the two potential yeast isolates in producing inulinase is necessary to understand the pattern of the yeast growth and its ability to produce inulinase. The parameters observed in this study were specific growth rate (µ), generation time (g) and inulinase activity of two selected yeast isolates B2 and B3. The results showed that the specific growth rate (µ) of B2 isolate was 0.11 hours with generation time (g) 6.12 hours, whereas for B3 isolates the specific growth rate (µ ) was 0.21 hour and generation time 3.29 hours. The inulinase activity from yeast isolates B2 and B3 were 0.294 IU and 0.235 IU, respectively.
The Genetic, Epigenetic, and Environmental Factors of Dental Abnormalities Development: Literature Review
Authors: Hendrik Y C , Langit K S , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

Proper anamnesis of clinical practice in giving clear diagnosis is important for specific possible dental care. Disturbance in tooth development by any aetiological factors result in dental anomalies. The variation aetiologies of the dental anomaly are diverse but mainly caused by three main factors which are genetic, epigenetic, and environmental. From genetic mechanisms, where parents or siblings have a specific pattern of tooth, a bigger probability for an individual to have the same tooth pattern with his relatives, included gender differences. Based on epigenetic mechanisms, environmental chemicals, pharmaceuticals, aging, and dietary intake are a few factors that made up a tooth pattern. Repeated signaling molecules which received by protein receptor and induced by transcription factors between epithelial and mesenchyme in tooth development stages are relayed to transcript continued process of tooth development and become tooth anomalies. Orthodontists can be the ones to first diagnose and aware of the etiology and related characteristics with dental anomalies and further can cause malocclusion. An optimal and efficient integrated treatment plan of these anomalies should include the genetic profile of an individual to understand the developmental process and the aetiological factors for specific possible dental care. This paper aims to inform about the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that involve in dental abnormalities development.
Bitemark pathobiology
Authors: Harismanto  , Hanafi M G S , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

Forensic odontology is one branch of forensic science that plays a role in the process of individual identification. Cases that often require a review from the perspective of forensic odontology are bitemark cases. Bitemark cases are often found in acts of violence or sexual violence, both to the victim and to the suspect. However, today bitemark analysis often experiences problems due to the many distortions that can occur. For this reason, it is important to know the pathobiology of bitemark in the healing process because by doing this analysis, it can be estimated when the bitemark is carried out, so that it can lead to an adequate identification process. This manuscript is a preliminary text for research on the pathobiology of post-bite tissue carried out.
A Review of campomelic dysplasia syndrome
Authors: Larasati N , Zahra P K , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

Campomelic dysplasia (CD) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder and severe skeletal dysplasia. It is characterized by a variable relationship between skeletal and extra-skeletal abnormalities: congenital tightness and long bone arches, pelvic and chest abnormalities, eleven pairs of ribs instead of the usual twelve, facial deformities, cracks and sexual ambiguity. The appearance of pelvic joints, horseshoe inversion, pulmonary hypoplasia, abnormalities of the neck and cervical spine, as well as heart and kidney abnormalities also indicate this syndrome. Other findings of the CD include sexual reversals, in which males have chromosomes, but in some individuals have female genitalia and reproductive systems. The CD is caused by a de novo mutation in the SRY box containing gene 9 (SOX9), which is the main regulator of the development of the cartilage skeleton. It plays an important role in the selection and differentiation of mesenic cells of the chondrocyte lineage of all components of the cartilage skeleton. Most affected individuals have recognizable mutations. It has been reported that heterozigosity involves mutations involving missene, meaningless mutations, deletions in the coding area, and mutations that sometimes interfere with the reorganity of chromosomes in the SOX9 regulatory area. Loss or loss of control over this regulatory area around SOX9 may explain the level of craniophaasial defects described in CD syndrome. We outline the clinical picture, treatment and spectrum of mutations involved in CD syndrome. However, more research is needed to determine the effects of SOX9 on the binding of other genes that function well or are unknown on cartilage.
The challenges of paleolimnology Indonesia
Authors: Soeprobowati T R
Published: July 2021

Paleolimnology had increased sharply as an approach for lake management, but most of the paleontological studies have been carried out in temperate and high-latitude regions. 40% of lakes lie within tropical areas, which represent 32% of surface global water bodies. Paleolimnology is a study of the physical, chemical, and biological features of the lakes in the past. Find the future from the past, prediction of the future condition can be developed from the reconstruction of past condition, based on the fossil preserved in the sediment. Ecosystem services of the lakes are hydroelectricity power, source of drinking water, irrigation, fisheries, tourism, socio-economic religious activities. Those functions have been deteriorated due to sedimentation, pollution, and eutrophication. Water security becomes a problem. Lake sediments as archives that record the climatic and environmental changes in the catchment area. VosViewer had been applied to construct and visualize bibliometric publications indexing by Scopus with the keywords paleolimnology, water resource, renewable energy, climate change, and food security. The result shows that there is a strong relationship between paleolimnology, climate change, and food security. Paleolimnology contributed to SDGs number 6(water security and sanitation) has an important role in the achievement of SDGs number 2 of food security through adaptation and mitigation of climate change (SDGs number 13), and terrestrial ecosystem, including lakes. This paper will discuss a paleolimnological approach to reconstruct past environmental changes and their challenges in Indonesia.
Proposed technical activity on requirement engineering process
Authors: Widodo A P , Kusumaningrum R , Endah S N , Adhi S
Published: July 2021

Requirement Engineering (RE) aims to provide assurance that a software product can meet user needs. The RE phase is a stage that is carried out early in the software development phase of the System Development Life Cycles (SDLC). The main problem in software development is the accuracy of the requirements specifications generated in the RE phase. Problems due to non-conforming specifications can result in software become of poor quality, development time become longer, and development costs become high. To minimize the obstacles that occur, in this article will be given about the techniques carried out in the RE process including elicitation, analysis, documentation, validation, and management. The techniques are given focus more on the implementation of technical activities and artifacts that are used (if any) in each RE process. Artifacts in the RE process can be used as a tool to simplify the verification process and validation of conformity between the requirements specifications produced with the expectations desired by the user. The resulting artifacts are using UML notation which consists of flow modelling using activity diagrams and prototype modelling using use case diagrams. Based on the proposed technical activities, the RE process can improve the quality of the software, the development time is according to the planned schedule, and the development costs according to the budgeted.
Image segmentation of skin cancer using MobileNet as an encoder and linknet as a decoder
Authors: Widiansyah M , Rasyid S , Wisnu P , Wibowo A
Published: July 2021

Cancer causes many deaths in the world. One of the most dangerous types of cancer is skin cancer caused by cancer cells that grow and spread uncontrollably in the skin layers. There are an estimated that 100,000 new cases of skin cancer will occur in the United States, which will cause around 6000 deaths by 2020. The survival rate of people with skin cancer can increase if successfully treated at an early stage. Examination of the lesion or dermoscopy images takes a long time and is prone to errors due to differences of opinion by doctors. A computer program for image processing was developed to improve accuracy and efficiency that helps doctors diagnose and evaluate. The most crucial stage in the diagnosis process is the segmentation of skin lesions. Wrong segmentation results will affect accuracy at the classification stage. This study developed a segmentation model for a skin cancer image that uses the MobileNet model as an encoder block and Linknet model for a decoder block by selecting the best hyper-parameter value from several training scenarios. MobileNet encoder and Linknet as a decoder are known to have the same ability, which is to overcome the problem of computational efficiency without compromising accuracy. Four hyper-parameters used are learning rate, the number of epochs, image size, and using pre-trained or not. Besides, there is a performance comparison scenario between the MobileNetV1 and MobileNetV2 encoder blocks. The model trained using the 2017 ISIC Challenge dataset consisting of 2000 training data, 150 validation data, and 600 test data. The Intersection over Union score obtained was 71.5% from models trained with a hyper-parameter learning rate of 0.001, 50 epochs, with an image size of 256 × 256 × 3, using a pre-trained model, and using a MobileNetV1 encoder block. The mask image that is the result of the segmentation of skin cancer images using the MobileNet encoder model and Linknet decoder is accurate enough to be used in the process at a later stage.
Bounded variation functions and some properties on metric spaces
Authors: Murdianingsih I D , Hariyanto S , Udjiani T , Sumanto Y D
Published: July 2021

Bounded variation functions of a single variable were first introduced by Camille Jordan (1881). Bounded variation functions or 𝐵𝑉 functions is a function with the total variation is finite. The variation in a function aims to measure how much increase and decline occure in the function. In this paper, we generalize this function in the metric space. Let (𝑋, 𝑑) be a complete metric space and 𝛾: 𝑆 → ℝ is a function, where 𝑆 is a closed and bounded subset of 𝑋. The function 𝛾 is of bounded variation on 𝑆 if 𝑉(𝛾, 𝑆) is finite, i.e 𝑉(𝛾, 𝑆) < ∞. The result of this paper is the definition and properties algebraic of bounded variation function on metric spaces. Some properties of this function is multiplication with scalar, sum of two functions, and product of two functions. The function of bounded variation to 𝑆 are also bounded variation to each subspace from 𝑆. If 𝛾 is a bounded variation function on 𝑆 then 𝛾 is bounded on 𝑆. We also consider the related topic it is absolute continuity. If a function 𝛾 is absolutely continuous on 𝑆 then 𝛾 is of bounded variation on 𝑆.
Forecasting model of Covid-19 cases using fuzzy time series using persentage change
Authors: Husain A A , Surarso B , Farikhin  , Irawanto B
Published: July 2021

The pandemic caused by the novel corona virus (covid-19) has affected various aspects of life throughout the world. Indonesia is one of the country with a daily high number of Covid-19-19 spread cases. This study aims to obtain a forecasting model of Covid-19 cases that can be used to predict Covid-19 cases daily and it can increase the readiness of Covid-19 health protocols system. In this study, we get a very good model for Covid-19 forecasting in Indonesia obtained by the fuzzy time series method using frequency density-based partitioning. The universe of this method is the percentage of case changes from day to day. The percentage change as a universe in fuzzy time series forecasting method makes the results of comparison of actual data and predictions increasingly similar. We use data of the Covid 19 cases taken from the Nasional Kompas website during June 2020. Forecast results show very good with MSE value of 457,83 and small AFER value of 0,0425138%.
Analysis of a mathematical model in the spread of tuberculosis epidemic with vaccination and relapse effect
Authors: Ifati A N , Sutimin  , Herdiana R , Utomo R H S , Permatasari A H
Published: July 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease that still exists in a community. A mathematical model incorporating vaccinated treatment and the effect of relapse of the disease is studied. This research is modified with vaccinated to reduce the rate of transmission and relapse condition in a healing period. The model is analysed to verify the dynamical behaviour of the equilibriums. The nonendemic equilibrium (NE) state is determined by Castillo-Chaves theorem for the stability of global and the endemic equilibrium (EE) state using Lyapunov method. The existence of EE is determined by reproductive number (ℛ0) that derived by next generation matrix. When the ℛ0 less than one, NE state is stable. Then EE is stable if ℛ0 exceed unity. The simulation result is presented to describe the dynamic of TB spread in a long time.