bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traceability in the Global Value Chain of Blueberry between Mexico and China
Authors: Hernández Beltrán Arely , Arana Coronado J. Jaime
Published: June 2021

Objective: To analyze the traceability system required by the Phytosanitary Protocol signed between Mexico and China for the export of fresh blueberries.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The case study approach is used to analyze the Global Value Chain of Blueberry between Mexico and China (GVCBMC). The information is obtained through semi-structured interviews and bibliographical analysis.
Results: The traceability system of blueberry is influenced by the differentiation of attributes of innocuousness and plant health that comply with the regulations established by the Chinese government to allow the influx of fresh blueberry to their market. The traceability system provides and recovers information through the use of codes in labels.
Study Limitations/Implications: The traceability system of the Global Value Chain of a single product destined to a specific market was analyzed, so it cannot be generalized.
Findings/Conclusions: The companies that are part of the Global Value Chain of Blueberry between Mexico and Chinause the traceability system along with other tools that allow the management of quality, innocuousness, plant health and logistics, to provide information about the product, to make decisions about payments and to comply with regulations.
“Not All Roads Lead to God, but God Walks All Roads to Reach People.”
Authors: Glendenning Cezarina
Published: June 2021

The doctrine of prevenient grace in the Wesleyan tradition has always played an important role in shaping the way we understand and participate in the mission of God (Missio Dei) and the role of the church in it. The doctrine of prevenient grace, in the Wesleyan-Arminian tradition, continues to shape the understanding of holiness as God’s activity to restore broken relationships. Holiness, as it is often misunderstood, is not a physical separation between what we consider holy and unholy, churchy and worldly, pure and impure, but the redemption of broken relationships (God and humans, humans with each other, humans and creation and human with the self). The goal of this paper is to further explore the theological and missiological bases of the doctrine of prevenient grace, as understood by Wesley, and the practical implication that this doctrine has in shaping the way the church fulfills its missiological call in the world. This paper is divided into three main sections: the first part of the paper will focus on defining prevenient grace and its relationship to the mission of God (Missio Dei); the second part will explore the missiological and theological implications of the doctrine of prevenient grace, and the last part will illustrate practically the theological and missiological motivation of the work of the Church of the Nazarene with refugees in Zagreb, Croatia.
Vjera kao najbolji mogući odgovor u kriznim vremenima
Authors: Handaric Mihai
Published: June 2021

This article addresses the problem of preserving the
faith in God while discouraging circumstances, based on the first part of
Habakkuk’s prophecy. The message of the book teaches us how to benefit from our
faith by presenting the process through which the prophet overcomes the
confusion around him, even in God’s acting for his people. In the introduction,
it is argued that faith is a basic principle of life, which can be questioned
because of difficult circumstances. The first part of the article discusses why
Habakkuk’s prophecy can be understood as a “burden,” and the second part
presents the historical context of the book of Habakkuk. The third section
discusses the internal and external crisis in Judah and the fourth section
analyses the prophet’s reaction against the Babylonian crisis. The fifth
section described the faith as a proper response to the crisis (2:1-4) while
the final section discusses implications of Habakkuk 2:4 for the teaching of
the New Testament. In general, we can see that in the first part of Habakkuk
(1:1-2:4) the prophet questions the validity of his faith in God, because of
the apparent long divine silence about injustice in Judah (1:2-4). Then, he was
unhappy with God’s answer, who decided to send a new crisis to solve the first
crisis (1:5-6). After the prophet’s complaint (1:7-2:1), God advises him and
his people to trust His solution in overcoming the crisis (2:2-4). The insights
from the message of Habakkuk analyzed in this article, may help the reader to
preserve authentic faith in a time of crisis. Also, that pattern of living by
faith from this Old Testament book is taken over by the New Testament authors
so that Habakkuk’s expression “the righteous live by their faith” (2:4), is
quoted as a key statement for the Gospel message of salvation (Rom. 1:17; Gal.
3:11; Heb. 10:38). But not only that, this statement defines the proper
behavior of people in expecting the divine solution of salvation in the time of
crisis.
„Ne vode svi putovi do Boga, ali Bog ide svim putovima do ljudi“
Authors: Glendenning Cezarina
Published: June 2021

Doktrina
o prethodnoj milosti u veslijanskoj je tradiciji uvijek igrala važnu ulogu u
oblikovanju načina na koji razumijemo Božju misiju (Missio Dei), naše
sudjelovanje u njoj te pripadajuću ulogu Crkve. Ta doktrina nastavlja oblikovati
razumijevanje svetosti kao Božjeg djelovanja na obnavljanju narušenih odnosa,
napose u crkvama veslijansko-arminijanske tradicije. Svetost, kako se često
pogrešno razumije, nije fizičko odvajanje svetog i nesvetog, crkvenog i
svjetovnog, čistog i nečistog, već iskupljenje narušenih odnosa (između Boga i
ljudi, ljudi međusobno, ljudi i Stvorenja te pojedinaca sa samima sobom). Cilj
je ovog rada dalje istražiti teološka i misiološka polazišta doktrine o prethodnoj
milosti, kako ju je razumijevao sam Wesley, kao i praktične implikacije njezine
primjene u oblikovanju načina na koji Crkva ispunjava svoje poslanje u svijetu.
Rad je podijeljen u tri glavna odjeljka: prvi se dio usredotočuje na definiranje
prethodne milosti te u kakvom je odnosu prema Božjoj misiji (Missio Dei); u
drugom se dijelu razmatraju misiološke i teološke implikacije doktrine o
prethodnoj milosti, dok se u posljednjem dijelu rada iznose praktični primjeri
teološke i misiološke motivacije Crkve Isusa iz Nazareta u radu s izbjeglicama
u Zagrebu, u Hrvatskoj.
The Nexus Between Corporate Governance and Firm Performance During COVID-19 Pandemic in Sri Lanka
Authors: M. Farwis  , M.M Siyam  , MCA. Nazar  , MACF. Aroosiya
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 has redefined the world operation. Specially COVID-19 pandemic shows a higher impact on the business field. Accordingly, this study aims to find the impact of corporate governance on firm performance during the Covid-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka. The quantitative methodology deployed and secondary data was collected from 27 companies listed in Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) for 209 and 2020. The results depicted that pandemic has affected the Corporate Governance (CG) measures unfavorably. Further, board size and qualification of director’s show a positive association between firm performance meantime, NED proportion, Gender diversity, Board meeting, Audit committee size and Audit committee meeting show a negative association between firm performance. It clearly reveals that COVID-19 severely impact the corporate governance attributes and firm performance. The corporate management, regulators, and investors must consider the board’s board size and qualification to recover the corporate sector in any crisis. This study provides a unique contribution to the literature of COVID-19 and firm performance in emerging economies.
The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Wellness among Dental Students of a Malaysian Public University
Authors: Samsudin Ahmad Dzulfikar , Jaafar Azlan , Idaham Nurul Izza , Mohamed Jali@Yunos Mohamed Hisham
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 pandemic has caused a profound effect on the public mental health around the world. Fear and anxiety of this new disease and uncertainties about the future has led to stress to the society and especially to university students. The objective of this study is to assess depression, anxiety, and stress level experienced by dental students of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) during the first period of Movement Control Order (MCO) by Malaysia government. A Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was distributed online to all USIM’s dental students to assess their psychological impact and mental health status. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics of the respondents. A total of 175 students were involved in this study. Majority of the respondents are female (79.4%), first year dental students (25.7%) and were staying at home with their family (94.9%) in the midst of the outbreak. Overall, the depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21) scores were normal. However, the proportion of student’s anxiety level was apparently higher than depression and stress. A significant finding showed that students who stayed at home were more anxious than those who stayed at hostel (p=0.035). Pandemic COVID-19 lockdown had impacted the psychological state of the USIM’s dental students mainly on their anxiety level. Mental health among the students should be carefully monitored by the university particularly at the faculty level to prevent further mental breakdown.
Diaspora Özellikleri Bağlamında İstanbul’da İranlılar (1870’lerden Cumhuriyet’in İlk Yıllarına)
Authors: KİREN Akın
Published: June 2021

İran coğrafyasından, ülkelerindeki baskıdan kurtulmak ve potansiyel fırsatlardan yararlanmak gibi gerekçelerle değişik dönemlerde kitlesel ya da bireysel göçler gerçekleşti. Bunun sonucunda beylik zamanından itibaren Osmanlı topraklarında yaşayan İranlı sayısı, “muhtemelen” diğer memleketlerden gelenlerden fazla oldu. On dokuzuncu yüzyılın sonlarına doğru ise, sayıları yirmi bine yaklaşan İranlılar, İstanbul’da etkin bir topluluk haline geldi. Hatta öyle ki çok sayıda İranlının içinde yaşadığı ve etrafında iş imkânı bulduğu Eminönü’ndeki Büyük Valide Han çevresi, bu dönemde adeta “Küçük İran” görünümündeydi. İranlıların büyük bir kısmı ticaretle uğraşmakta veya tüccarların yanında çalışmaktaydı. Ancak Cemaleddin Afganî’nin (Esadabadî) ve diğer birçok aydın ile sürgünün gelişiyle, İstanbul’da bir fikri hareketlilik ve nihayet muhalif bir yapılanma da ortaya çıktı. Daha önce şehirde kendilerine ait kurumlar açmış olan İranlılar, yüzyılın son çeyreğinden itibaren Farsça yayınlar çıkarttı. 1876 ile 1896 arasında yayımladıkları Ahter gazetesi, Kaçar yönetimine karşı yurt dışından önemli seslerden birine dönüştü. Bununla birlikte İranlıların İstanbul’da sergiledikleri dayanışma içindeki bu yaşam, günümüzde diaspora literatürünün önde gelen isimleri tarafından yapılan tanımlara ve sayılan özelliklere büyük oranda uygunluk gösterdi. Yani İranlılar, İstanbul’da sanki bir diaspora üyesi gibi yaşadı. Ayrıca İmparatorluğun idarecileri ve halkıyla da kaynaşarak, ticaretin artması, önyargıların kırılması ve karşılıklı kültür alış-verişinde etkili oldu.
İran Siyasal Kültüründe Şia: Devrimden Günümüze İran Siyasetinde Şiiliğin Etkisi
Authors: YILMAZ Kübra
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Şii mezhep anlayışının İran’ın siyasal kültürü ve dolayısıyla İran’ın iç ve dış politika çizgisi üzerinde ne ölçüde belirleyici olduğunun tespit edilmesidir. Çalışma, İran Devrimi ile Şii mezhep anlayışının devletin yeniden yapılandırılması süreci ve dış politika yaklaşımının gelişimi üzerinde belirleyici olduğu kabulünden hareket etmektedir. Buradan hareketle çalışmanın temel argümanı, İran’ın devrimden sonra geçirmiş olduğu dönüşümün Şii anlayışı ekseninde geliştiği yönündedir. İran’da Safevi Devleti’nden itibaren kurumsallaşmaya başlayan Şii mezhep anlayışı, ülkenin sosyal, siyasi ve ekonomik gelişiminde başat rol oynamıştır. Şii mezhep anlayışı, Tütün Protestoları (1890) ve Meşrutiyet’in ilanı (1906) örneklerinde olduğu gibi sosyal ve siyasal olayların merkezinde yer almıştır. Tarihsel süreçte olduğu gibi Şiilik, devrimden sora da İran’ın siyasi yapısı üzerinde belirleyici değişkenlerden birisi olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Devrimin ardından Pehlevi Hanedanlığı döneminde Fars sembolleri üzerinden gerçekleştirilen ulus kimliği inşasından vazgeçilerek, Şii ritüelleri ve sembolleri üzerinden devlet kimliği inşa edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Dolayısıyla, günümüzde İran’ın sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik ve politik yaşamının biçimlenmesinde Şii mezhep anlayışının son derece etkili olduğunu söylemek mümkündür.
Pobreza energética en la Argentina actual. Revisiones y aportes metodológicos para su medición cuantitativa y cualitativa
Authors: Méndez Florencia Magdalena , Rosa Paula Cecilia , Castelao Caruana María Eugenia
Published: June 2021

En los países de América Latina la pobreza energética es una noción emergente para analizar un problema histórico con enfoques teóricos poco adecuados a las características de la región. Para contribuir a explicar las causas y consecuencias de este fenómeno y delimitar su alcance en distintos entornos, este artículo propone integrar diversos enfoques teóricos-metodológicos para lograr una visión más completa y amplia de esta problemática.
El artículo explora, por un lado, los enfoques conceptuales desarrollados en Europa y América Latina en torno a la pobreza energética. Por otro lado, estudia sus principales dimensiones de análisis las cuales brindan elementos para analizar la calidad de la información disponible en Argentina para estimar el alcance de la pobreza energética en los hogares y definir sus causas. Sin embargo, este análisis plantea la necesidad de ampliar la metodología de investigación para integrar estrategias de investigación que permitan no solo indagar en los niveles, formas y medios de consumo de los hogares, sino también en las estrategias que estos desarrollan para paliar y/o superar la pobreza energética cotidianamente.
La calidad del dato en la metodología observacional en el deporte
Authors: González-Ramírez Andres , Trejo-Silva Alejandro
Published: June 2021

En la última década, el número de estudios científicos del deporte en Uruguay basados en la metodología observacional ha aumentado significativamente. Un punto clave para garantizar la mayor rigurosidad en los procesos de investigación ha sido la exigencia de determinar la calidad del instrumento de observación y de la medida. Los conceptos de validez y fiabilidad son centrales en los procesos de elaboración del instrumento y durante la toma de datos. Por otra parte, la adecuada preparación de los observadores que utilizan el instrumento es decisiva para asegurar un correcto proceso de registro. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo realizar una revisión de las decisiones tomadas respecto a la calidad del dato a través de las investigaciones en deportes colectivos realizadas en Uruguay utilizando la metodología observacional en los últimos diez años.
Formation of the incentive role of the environmental tax in Ukraine
Authors: Uzhva A , Belinska S , Rudenko N
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Developing trends for increasing the effectiveness of environmental tax as an institutional means of environmental protection and optimization of the tax burden. Methodology. A set of scientific methods and approaches was used in the research, which provided an opportunity to form a conceptually integrated scientific work. For this purpose, the following was used: content analysis method to study the regulatory framework of the environmental tax; abstract-logical approach to analyze the differences between the revenues of the environmental tax to the budget and the amount of funds planned and funds spent on environmental protection; integrated system approach to compare environmental taxation in the European Union and Ukraine; method of logical generalization to make proposals on how to increase the efficiency of the environmental tax, optimize the tax burden and align with Ukraines international obligations. Findings. A comparative analysis of environmental taxation in the European Union and Ukraine is conducted. The existing differences by types of environmental tax, the share of these types in the total amount of environmental tax and the purpose of environmental taxation in European countries and Ukraine are indicated. The dynamics of ecological tax revenues to the State budget and budget expenditures for environmental protection is studied. Trends in the dynamics of taxation, in particular, in creating a gap between revenues and expenditures are established. There is a tendency to form a significant gap in the amounts of environmental tax paid by enterprises. It is stated that only ten enterprises pay more than half of the countrys environmental tax. Originality. The necessity of formation of the role of ecological taxes stimulating preservation of the environment is pointed out and particular directions of formation of such incentives are offered. Proposals for environmental tax policy have been developed. It is stated that the increase in the environmental tax should be consistent with the overall tax burden per capita. Increasing the environmental tax also requires a preliminary detailed analysis of how the impact of its increase will affect each large enterprise and industry and determination of approaches to increasing the environmental tax differentiated according to transparent principles. Practical value. Recommendations are provided on how to increase the efficiency of the environmental tax as an institutional means of environmental protection, specific steps are proposed to optimize the tax burden and promote the norms approved by the Paris Climate Agreement and the Association Agreement with the EU.
Elaboration of an integral system of company management by developing corporate and safety culture
Authors: Tsopa V.A , Cheberiachko S.I , Yavorska O.O , Hilpert V.V , Yavorskyi A.V
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To develop a model of the integrated system for company management, basing on the integration of the quality control and labour safety systems that differs from the known ones by combination of the processes based on the increase in the level of corporate safety cultures within a company. Methodology. Formation of the basis for integration of the quality control and labour safety systems relies on the complex use of system analysis methods that, in combination with Deming and Shewhart cycle and with the performance of corresponding estimation and analysis of the organizational and safety cultures, help plan the practices, procedures, and resources for stage-by-stage combination of the systems as well as maintain the obtained results. Findings. An approach for efficient development of the integrated management system has been proposed on the basis of the analysis of levels of organizational and safety cultures; in future, this will help select such tools and practices that will allow having painless stage-by-stage combination of the available systems of quality control and labour safety with the substantiation of the necessary recourses. It has been established that a key element of the combination is readiness and motivation of not only top management but also linear management and ordinary workers to accept new technologies, approaches, and practices aimed at integration of those cultures, which is provided by the efficient staff involvement by means of corresponding training and constant communication to form the risk-oriented thinking. Originality. A structure and model of the integrated system of quality and safety management as a unified interdependent mechanism have been proposed on the basis of the combination of organizational and safety cultures; that has allowed forming the unified principles for the development of a combined management system. Practical value. The control parameters have been determined to identify stages of integration of the quality control and labour safety systems basing on the attitude to values and formed worldview as well as on the gaining the necessary competences by the workers.
A knowledge management culture in the European higher education system
Authors: Horban O , Babenko L , Lomachinska I , Hura O , Martych R
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Improving the quality of educational services by identifying the features and current trends in the development of knowledge management culture in the European higher education system. Methodology. The research methodology involves application of the systematic approach methods. 1. Structural approach related to defining the structural features of knowledge management culture in higher education institutions in Europe. 2. Functional approach that determines the essence and target orientation of the knowledge management function. The use of the comparative method allowed the authors to highlight the essential content of the concept knowledge management culture in relation to the concepts of organizational culture and information culture. The dialectical method of cognition was also involved, which made it possible to comprehensively consider the phenomenon of knowledge management culture in educational discourse through the contradictory relationships of its various sides and aspects. Findings. The culture of knowledge management in the European higher education system is considered at three main levels: 1. Cognitive level, implying a change in the style of thinking, mobilization of intellectual potential, and creativity. 2. Management level, involving the use of analytics and innovative leadership. 3. Technological level, based on the use of information and communication technology in the accumulation, transfer and management of knowledge. Originality. Knowledge management culture is studied in close relationship with the organizational and information culture. The features of knowledge management at three organizational levels have been determined: cognitive, managerial and technological ones. Practical value. The institutions of the European higher education system use knowledge to gain and maintain competitive advantages. Insufficient attention to the issue of knowledge management leads to a decrease in the ranking of higher education institutions. The introduction of knowledge management culture provides improvement in the psychological microclimate of a team, dominance of the atmosphere of creativity, an increase in the level of self-education, disclosure of personal intellectual potential, formation of a system of innovative leadership, stimulation of scientific research and, as a result, an increase in the quality of educational services.
THE SURFACE IMPEDANCE OF THE "THIN ICE - SEA" AND "THICK ICE - SEA" STRUCTURES IN VLF-VHF RADIO WAVE BANDS
Authors: Bashkuev Yu. B. , Angarkhaeva L. Kh. , Buyanova D. G.
Published: June 2021

To calculate the propagation of the electromagnetic field over the two-layer struc-ture "ice - sea", the areas of applicability of the impedance boundary conditions are determined depending on the thickness of the ice and the angle of incidence of the vertically polarized wave in the range of 0.01-420 MHz. The article examines the structures "thin ice - sea" and "thick ice - sea" (six models of ice cover). The ice thickness varied from 0.03 to 9 m. The results are needed to calculate the atten-uation function and the field level in the VLF, LF, MF, HF, VHF radio wave bands. It is shown that for the structure “ice - sea” it is important to take into account the dependence of the surface impedance on the angle of incidence for over-the-horizon radar systems in the HF radio wave range. In the VHF range the frequency bands are determined for ice 80 cm thick, in which the impedance boundary condi-tions are applicable.
ABOUT THE PARAMETERS OF THE DIELECTRIC MODEL OF SOILS USED IN THE SMOS ALGORITHM
Authors: Bobrov P. P. , Belyaeva T. A. , Kroshka E. S. , Rodionova O. V.
Published: June 2021

The features of the four-component refractive dielectric model of moist soils are considered. Typical values of the parameters of the Debye model of bound water obtained by processing experimental data using this model are given. The reasons why the parameters of the Debye model of free soil water in this model differ from the true values of these parameters are explained. It is shown that the excess of the static permeability and specific conductivity values relative to the true values is caused by the Maxwell – Wagner relaxation process with a relaxation time of sev-eral nanoseconds.
Lead poisoning prevention: A community-based participatory research program in Mississippi
Authors: Mitra Amal K , Lewis Charkarra Anderson
Published: June 2021

Background and objectives: Lead poisoning is a preventable environmental health hazard. Although the prevalence of lead poisoning is declining, the rates are disproportionately high in selected communities. This community-based participatory research (CBPR) program aimed to enhance people’s awareness on lead poisoning prevention through community outreach and educational interventions in Mississippi.

Methods: Secondary data of 42,372 children obtained from the Mississippi State Department of Health were analyzed to identify the most affected communities in Mississippi. Community-based outreach and education activities were carried out in the most affected areas to increase population awareness on lead poisonig prevention.

Results: Hands-on training was offered to 25 participants at homebuilding retail stores. Of them, 23 (92%) reported the hands-on training was very useful or useful. Among 91 home-buyers and rental home owners who attended workshops offered by the Neighborhood Association, 90% mentioned that the training was useful or very useful. An online visual training was given to 220 realtors, and 75 inspectors, contractors, and Do-It-Yourself (DIY) workers. At posttest, 59.4%, 67.9%, 65.1% of the realtors, inspectors, contractors and DIY workers (n = 295) identified soil, car batteries and paint as sources of lead in the environment, respectively. A total of 62.3%, 48.1% and 58.5%, at posttest, identified three complications - behavioral, physical and psychological, respectively. The mean posttest score was significantly higher than the pretest scores (7.47 ± 2.07 vs. 6.60 ± 1.68, p = 0.04, respectively).

Conclusion: These outreach activities were successful in improving the knowledge of the community people on lead poisoning prevention.

Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2021; 15(1): 16-25
Radiofrequency ablation of varicose veins: experience at a tertiary hospital
Authors: Ganie Farooq A , Lone Ghulam Nabi , Khan Mohd Yaqoob , Manzoor Syed Mohsin , Bhat Mudasir Hamid , Ahmad Syed Nisar
Published: June 2021

Background and objectives: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a recent modality of treatment of the affected varicose vein. In the present study, the outcome of great saphenous varicose vein disease treated by radiofrequency ablation technique was analyzed.

Methods: Patients with varicosities of the lower limb affecting mainly the great saphenous vein were (GSV) included. The procedures were carried out under spinal anesthesia. The target varicose vein was accessed by Seldinger technique and the RFA catheter advanced 2 to 3 cm below sapheno-femoral junction under ultrasonography (USG) guidance. A tumescent anesthetic infiltration was given in a solution of normal saline and sodium bicarbonate before the vein being ablated.

Results: The success rate of RFA was 97.5 % (39 out of 40). One patient showed episodic recanalisation of vein at one year duplex colour scan. Though the complications related to procedure were negligible, one patient developed endovenous heat induced thrombosis (EHIT) and non-fatal pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) which was managed adequately.

Conclusion: Endovenous RFA is a useful treatment modality for varicose vein disease primarily due to great saphenous insufficiency with marked symptomatic improvement and least recurrence. Although the complications are minimal, EHIT is a potential and serious complication of heat ablation.

Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2021; 15(1): 37-40
Endocrinopathies in thalassemia - a review
Authors: Haq Tahniyah , Ikhtaire Shapur , Rahman Farzana , Aurpa Nishat Nayla
Published: June 2021

Improved treatment has increased survival of patients with thalassemia. However, they still suffer from several endocrine complications mainly as a result of iron overload from multiple transfusions. Endocrinopathies manifest as early as the first decade of life, affecting growth, puberty, psychological development and quality of life. The presence of concomitant anemia, chronic liver disease and cardiomyopathy affect the development and treatment of endocrine disorders, making endocrinopathies in thalassemia a complex disorder. This review focuses on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of endocrinopathies in transfusion and non transfusion dependent thalassemia. The main points that should be considered in the management of endocrine disorders in a patient with thalassemia are highlighted in this review.

Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2021; 15(1): 47-55
MÜZİK EĞİTİMİNDE UKULELE
Authors: GAYRETLİ Şerif , YILMAZ Hüseyin , ZAHAL Onur
Published: June 2021

Bilişim dünyasının hızla ilerlediği 21 yy. da eğitim yöntem ve teknikleri dijital dünyaya uygun hale getirilerek yeni boyutlar kazanmıştır. Sınırlılıkların kültürel etkileşim bakımından neredeyse tamamen kalktığı bu dünyadaki önemli değişimlerden biriside müzik eğitiminde gerçekleşmiştir. Etkilerinden biri de müzik eğitimde gerçekleşmiştir. Dünyanın en uzak köşelerinden biri olan Hawaii Adaları'nın, geleneksel çalgısı olan Ukulele, video paylaşım siteleri sayesinde eğitim ve sosyal platformlarda küresel çapta popüler bir çalgı olmuştur. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Ukulele çalgısının genel boyutlarını, tarihini, yapısını ve özelliklerini inceleyerek eğitimde kullanım durumunu ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada nitel yaklaşım esas alınmış, belirlenen konunun temellendirilmesi ve yönlendirilmesi için literatür taraması yapılarak konuyla ilgili bilgiler toplanmıştır. Bu amaçla; Müzik eğitiminde kullanılan blok flüt, melodika, orff çalgıları, piyano ve gitar ile Ukulele karşılaştırılmıştır. Ukulele’nin yapısı bakımında çalım kolaylığı, ulaşılabilirliği ve çok sesli olmasından dolayı, müzik eğitiminde işlevsel bir biçimde kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
PENGARUH LAMA PENYINARAN LAMPU LED MERAH, BIRU, KUNING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MICROGREEN KANGKUNG (Ipomoea reptant)
Authors: As’adiya Lizda , Murwani Indiyah
Published: June 2021

Microgreens are vegetables that can be harvested about 7-14 days after germinationwhich has a higher nutrient and vitamin content than commonly grown vegetables. Thisstudy aims to determine the interaction between the type of light and the duration oflighting and the effect of the types of red, blue, yellow LEDs and red, blue, yellow LEDlighting on the growth of kangkung microgreen. This research is a box experiment using aSplit Plot Experiment Design with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed thatthere was an interaction between the type of lamp and the duration of lighting to thegrowth of kangkung microgreen. The combination of C3T1 treatment (Yellow LED + 6hours) produced the highest plant length, namely 6.47 cm at 7 DAS, the number of leaveswas 2.00 for all treatments. The different types of lamps in kangkung microgreen had asignificant effect on growth, where the blue LED light produced the highest number ofleaves, namely 2.00 leaves at 14 DAS. The highest fresh weight per box was 18.36 g. While the Yellow LED produced the highest plant length of 9.42 cm at 14 DAS, the highestnumber of leaves was 2.00 pieces 14 DAS, the highest root length was 7.22 cm, thehighest dry weight per box was 1.03 g. The difference in lighting time onkangkung microgreen has a significant effect on the growth, where the 6 hours lightingduration produces the highest root length, namely 7.96 cm, the highest fresh weight perbox is 23.17 g, the highest dry weight per box is 1.87 g. The length of 12 hours of lightingresulted in the highest plant length, namely 10.41 cm at 14 DAS, the highest number ofleaves was 2.00 leaf blade. Based on the results of this study it can be recommended thatthe cultivation of kangkung microgreen in the box experiment can be using lighting for 6hours and pay attention to the microelements that affect the microgreen for better growth.Keywords : Microgreen, Kangkung, Red, Blue, Yellow, LED lights
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK Bacillus subtilis DAN Saccharhomyces cerevisiae TERHADAP PRODUKSI AYAM LAYER UMUR 36 MINGGU
Authors: Sucipto Adi , Lisnanti E. F. , Rudiono D.
Published: June 2021

900 ekor Isa Brown digunakan menentukan pengaruh dari bakteri Bacillus subtilis dan Saccharhomyces cerevisiae  dalam  bentuk  'pakan  yang  dicampur  probiotik'  untuk  menghasilkan produksi pada umur 36 minggu. Evaluasi dilakukan selama 4 minggu masa peletakan di Pak suryono Farm, yang terletak di Desa Bendosari, Kecamatan Kademangan, Kota Blitar. Perlakuan pakan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu: P0 (30% pakan konsentrat + 50% jagung + 20% bekatul + 0,2% premix) dan P1 (30% pakan konsentrat + 50% jagung + 20% bekatul + 0,1% probiotik); analisis menggunakan t test. Perlakuan diulang 18 kali, dan masing-masing terdiri dari 25 ekor ayam. Parameter meliputi: Konsumsi Pakan (g / ekor / hari); Rasio Biaya Pakan; Berat Telur (g / ekor / hari); Hen Day Production (%); Hen House Production (%); Egg Mass (g / ekor / hari); dan Income Over Feed Cost (Rp / hari). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak berbeda nyata (P> 0,05) pada Berat Telur (66,65 vs 66,61 g / ekor / hari) dan Feed Convertion Ratio (2,38 vs 2,37). Tetapi, berbeda nyata (P <0,05) pada Hen Day Production (68,88 vs 70,20%), Hen House Production (68,67 vs 70,09%), Egg Mass (45,85 vs 46,69 g / ekor / hari), Konsumsi Pakan (106,08 vs 107,92 g / ekor / hari), dan Income Over Feed Cost (122,04 vs Rp 93,21 / hari). Disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan dapat meningkatkan performa produksi, tetapi tidak menguntungkan. Saran berdasarkan penelitian pakan yang dicampur probiotik dapat meningkatkan kinerja bakteri terutama pada saluran pencernaan.
EVALUASI NILAI DAYA LELEH DAN NILAI ORGANOLEPTIK ESKRIM BERBAHAN DASAR SUSU SAPI KOMBINASI DENGAN KACANG MERAH PADA LEVEL YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Muslimin Irmayani , Nurheda Nurheda , Novieta Intan Dwi , Nurfatima Nurfatima
Published: June 2021

Es krim memiliki cita rasa yang beragam dan nilai gizi yang tinggi sehingga digemari oleh semua kalangan masyarakat mulai dari anak-anak, dewasa dan orang tua.  Bahan utama eksrim adalah susu sapi dengan penambahan biji kacang merah memberikan nilai rasa tersendiri bagi eskrim.  Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kandungan nilai organoleptic dan nilai daya leleh eskrim dengan penambahan kacang merah dengan level yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 taraf perlakuan Ko (sebagai control), K1,K2, K3.  Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Uji organoleptic (Warna, rasa, tekstur dan aroma) berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) sedangkan untuk daya leleh eskrim berbahan dasar susu sapi kombinasi dengan kacang merah bepengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kecepatan daya leleh es krim.  Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah Persentase kacang merah(phaseoulus vulgaris L) pada es krim berpengaruh pada karakteristik organoleptik meliputi rasa, aroma, warna, dan tekstur, persentase kacang merah (Phaseoulus vulgaris L) yang paling baik digunakan dalam es krim yaitu persentase 10%, Semakin tinggi presentase penambahan kacang merah (Phaseoulus vulgaris L) dalam pembuatan es krim, maka semakin rendah daya leleh es krim.
Neurosteroid modulation of ionotropic glutamate receptors and excitatory synaptic transmission
Authors: Sedláček M , Kořínek M , Petrovič M , Cais O , Adamusová E , Chodounská H , Vyklický L
Published: June 2021

Ionotropic glutamate receptors function can be affected by neurosteroids, both positively and negatively. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor responses to exogenously applied glutamate are potentiated or inhibited (depending on the receptor subunit composition) by pregnenolone sulphate (PS) and inhibited by pregnanolone sulphate (3alpha5betaS). While PS effect is most pronounced when its application precedes that of glutamate, 3alpha5betaS only binds to receptors already activated. Synaptically activated NMDA receptors are inhibited by 3alpha5betaS, though to a lesser extent than those tonically activated by exogenous glutamate. PS, on the other hand, shows virtually no effect on any of the models of synaptically activated NMDA receptors. The site of neurosteroid action at the receptor molecule has not yet been identified, however, the experiments indicate that there are at least two distinct extracellularly located binding sites for PS mediating its potentiating and inhibitory effects respectively. Experiments with chimeric receptors revealed the importance of the extracellular loop connecting the third and the fourth transmembrane domain of the receptor NR2 subunit for the neurosteroid action. alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA)/kainate receptors are inhibited by both PS and 3alpha5betaS. These neurosteroids also affect AMPA receptors-mediated synaptic transmission, however, in a rather indirect way, through presynaptically located targets of action.
Prenatal and perinatal factors influencing nociception, addiction and behavior during ontogenetic development
Authors: Rokyta R , Yamamotová A , Šlamberová R , Franěk M , Vaculín Š , Hrubá L , Schutová B , Pometlová M
Published: June 2021

This review, which summarizes our findings concerning the long-term effects of pre-, peri- and postnatal factors affecting development, nociception and sensorimotor functions, focuses on three areas: 1) perinatal factors influencing nociception in adult rats were examined in rats with hippocampal lesions, after the administration of stress influencing and psychostimulant drugs (dexamethasone, indomethacine and methamphetamine); 2) the effect of pre- and early postnatal methamphetamine administration was shown to impair the development of sensorimotor functions tested in rat pups throughout the preweaning period; 3) the effect of extensive dorsal rhizotomy of the brachial plexus during the early postnatal period was studied with respect to neuropathic pain development and sensorimotor functions. The present study indicates that prenatal or neonatal stress, as well as various drugs, may disturb the development of the nociceptive system and cause long-term behavioral changes persisting to adulthood and that some types of neuropathic pain cannot be induced during the first two postnatal weeks at all. A mature nervous system is required for the development of the described pathological behaviors.
Saberes, experiências e diálogos: ensino de História, gênero e História Pública
Authors: Medeiros Kenia Gusmão , Rovai Marta Gouveia de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a inclusão de perspectivas de gênero nos processos de Ensino de História, considerando-se ainda as proximidades do campo com as possibilidades abertas pela História Pública. As concepções de gênero que chegam à sala de aula são atravessadas por noções temporais construí­das na cultura histórica. Desse modo, a consideração dos saberes históricos, a partir de experiência e de narrativas dos estudantes e de outros meios que o circulam, tarefa assumida por uma educação democrática, juntamente com os esforços para construção coletiva de uma História que considere a sua própria audiência e multiplicidade de representações - entendimentos estes presentes no horizonte valorizado pela História Pública - podem ser importantes ferramentas para a mediação de professoras e professores na construção de aprendizagens relativas a gênero e suas interseccionalidades.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПАЛЕОДЕМОГРАФИИ ГОРОДА ТВЕРЬ XVIII–XIX ВВ. ПО ДАННЫМ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СМОЛЕНСКОГО КЛАДБИЩА ИЗ БЫВШЕГО ЗАГОРОДНОГО ПОСАДА
Authors: Боруцкая Светлана Борисовна , Харламова Наталья Владимировна , Рудников Сергей Александрович , Черных Игорь Николаевич
Published: June 2021

Скелетный материал из Твери был получен при раскопках Смоленского кладбища на юго-восточной окраине города, из бывшего Загородного посада. Формирование этого некрополя началось в XVIII веке и продолжалось на протяжении двух веков. Наша работа посвящена палеодемографическому исследованию населения города Тверь XVIII–XIX вв. по данным половозрастного определения скелетного материала. В результате исследования можно сделать следующее заключение. Демографическую ситуацию в городе Тверь XVIII–XIX вв. можно считать довольно благополучной, о чем свидетельствует высокий показатель средней продолжительности жизни, относительно невысокий показатель детской смертности, значительная представительность финальной возрастной когорты, низкая смертность в молодом возрасте. На нестандартное соотношение взрослых индивидов по полу в пользу мужчин могли повлиять миграционные процессы, связанные с ростом, строительством и развитие города в XVIII–XIX вв.
Skeletal materials from Tver were obtained in the course of excavations at the Smolensk cemetery on the south-eastern outskirts of the city, the former Zagorodny posad (settlement). The necropolis originated in the XVIII century and was used for two centuries. The authors study the paleodemography of the population of Tver in the XVIII–XIX centuries according to the data of the sex and age estimations of the skeletal material. The study showed that the demographic situation in Tver in the XVIII–XIX centuries was relatively sound, as evidenced by the high average life expectancy, a relatively low infant mortality rate, a strong presence of the oldest age group, and low mortality at a young age. The distorted sex ratio of adult individuals in favor of males can be explained by the migration processes associated with the growth and development of the city in the XVIII–XIX centuries.
Engineering Breast Cancer On-chip—Moving Toward Subtype Specific Models
Authors: Moccia Carmen , Haase Kristina
Published: June 2021

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women worldwide, and while hormone receptor positive subtypes have a clear and effective treatment strategy, other subtypes, such as triple negative breast cancers, do not. Development of new drugs, antibodies, or immune targets requires significant re-consideration of current preclinical models, which frequently fail to mimic the nuances of patient-specific breast cancer subtypes. Each subtype, together with the expression of different markers, genetic and epigenetic profiles, presents a unique tumor microenvironment, which promotes tumor development and progression. For this reason, personalized treatments targeting components of the tumor microenvironment have been proposed to mitigate breast cancer progression, particularly for aggressive triple negative subtypes. To-date, animal models remain the gold standard for examining new therapeutic targets; however, there is room for in vitro tools to bridge the biological gap with humans. Tumor-on-chip technologies allow for precise control and examination of the tumor microenvironment and may add to the toolbox of current preclinical models. These new models include key aspects of the tumor microenvironment (stroma, vasculature and immune cells) which have been employed to understand metastases, multi-organ interactions, and, importantly, to evaluate drug efficacy and toxicity in humanized physiologic systems. This review provides insight into advanced in vitro tumor models specific to breast cancer, and discusses their potential and limitations for use as future preclinical patient-specific tools.
An Ear Wearable Device System for Facial Emotion Recognition Disorders
Authors: Lian Zhengxu , Guo Yingjie , Cao Xinyu , Li Wendi
Published: June 2021

A wearable device system was proposed in the present work to address the problem of facial emotion recognition disorders. The proposed system could comprehensively analyze the user’s own stress status, emotions of people around, and the surrounding environment. The system consists of a multi-dimensional physiological signals acquisition module, an image acquisition and transmission module, a user interface of the user mobile terminal, and a cloud database for data storage. Moreover, a deep learning based multi-model physiological signal pressure recognition algorithm and a facial emotion recognition algorithm were designed and implemented in the system. Some publicly available data sets were used to test the two algorithms, and the experiment results showed that the two algorithms could well realize the expected functions of the system.
Identification and Validation of an 11-Ferroptosis Related Gene Signature and Its Correlation With Immune Checkpoint Molecules in Glioma
Authors: Chen Zhuohui , Wu Tong , Yan Zhouyi , Zhang Mengqi
Published: June 2021

Background

Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with significant mortality and morbidity. Ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death (PCD), is critically involved in tumorigenesis, progression and metastatic processes.

Methods

We revealed the relationship between ferroptosis-related genes and glioma by analyzing the mRNA expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), GSE16011, and the Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT) datasets. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was performed to construct a ferroptosis-associated gene signature in the TCGA cohort. Glioma patients from the CGGA, GSE16011, and REMBRANDT cohorts were used to validate the efficacy of the signature. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to measure the predictive performance of the risk score for overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of the 11-gene signature were performed to determine whether the ability of the prognostic signature in predicting OS was independent. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted to identify the potential biological functions and pathways of the signature. Subsequently, we performed single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to explore the correlation between risk scores and immune status. Finally, seven putative small molecule drugs were predicted by Connectivity Map.

Results

The 11-gene signature was identified to divide patients into two risk groups. ROC curve analysis indicated the 11-gene signature as a potential diagnostic factor in glioma patients. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the risk score was an independent predictive factor for overall survival. Functional analysis revealed that genes were enriched in iron-related molecular functions and immune-related biological processes. The results of ssGSEA indicated that the 11-gene signature was correlated with the initiation and progression of glioma. The small molecule drugs we selected showed significant potential to be used as putative drugs.

Conclusion

we identified a novel ferroptosis-related gene signature for prognostic prediction in glioma patients and revealed the relationship between ferroptosis-related genes and immune checkpoint molecules.