bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accelerometer-derived physical activity and the risk of death, heart failure, and stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a prospective study from UK Biobank
Authors: Ahn Hyo-Jeong , Choi Eue-Keun , Rhee Tae-Min , Choi JungMin , Lee Kyung-Yeon , Kwon Soonil , Lee So-Ryoung , Oh Seil , Lip Gregory Y H
Published: February 2024

Objective

Data on cardiovascular outcomes according to objectively measured physical activity (PA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are scarce. This study explored the associations between PA derived from wrist-worn accelerometers and the risk of death, incident heart failure (HF), and incident stroke in patients with AF.

Methods

From 37 990 patients with AF in UK Biobank, 2324 patients with accelerometer data were included. Weekly moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) duration was computed from accelerometer data. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were cardiovascular mortality, incident HF, and incident stroke. Restricted cubic splines estimated the dose–response associations between MVPA duration and the outcomes. The adjusted HRs (aHRs) of the outcomes according to adherence to PA standard guidelines (performing MVPA≥150 min/week) were also evaluated.

Results

The mean age was 66.9±6.2 years and 64.9% were male. During a median follow-up of 6.7 years, there were 181 all-cause deaths, 62 cardiovascular deaths, 225 cases of incident HF, and 91 cases of incident stroke; the overall incidence rate per 1000 patient-years was 11.76, 4.03, 15.16 and 5.99, respectively. There was a linear inverse dose–response relationship between MVPA (≥108 min/week) and all-cause mortality. Performing MVPA for 105–590 min/week was associated with a lower risk of HF than those with no measurable MVPA. The risk of stroke and cardiovascular mortality was not associated with MVPA. Performing guideline-adherent MVPA was related to a 30% lower risk of all-cause mortality (aHR: 0.70 (0.50–0.98), p=0.04) and 33% lower risk of HF (aHR 0.67 (0.49–0.93), p=0.02).

Conclusion

In patients with AF, accelerometer-derived PA data supports lower risks of all-cause mortality and HF according to a greater level of MVPA and adherence to PA guidelines. Regular MVPA should be encouraged in patients with AF as a part of integrated management.
NICE guideline on ME/CFS: robust advice based on a thorough review of the evidence
Authors: Barry Peter Walter , Kelley Kate , Tan Toni , Finlay Ilora
Published: February 2024

In 2021, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence produced an evidence-based guideline on the diagnosis and management of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), a disabling long-term condition of unknown cause. The guideline provides clear support for people living with ME/CFS, their families and carers, and for clinicians. A recent opinion piece published in the journal suggested that there were anomalies in the processing and interpretation of the evidence when developing the guideline and proposed eight areas where these anomalies were thought to have occurred. We outline how these opinions are based on a misreading or misunderstanding of the guideline process or the guideline, which provides a balanced and reasoned approach to the diagnosis and management of this challenging condition.
Occupation-specific risk estimates for suicide and non-fatal self-harm from a Swedish cohort of male construction workers followed 1987–2018
Authors: Mehlig Kirsten , Torén Kjell , LaMontagne Anthony D , Wahlström Viktoria , Nyberg Jenny , Waern Margda , Åberg Maria
Published: February 2024

Objectives

While suicidal behaviour has become less prevalent in non-manual workers in recent decades, rates have increased in manual workers. We aimed to identify occupations within the construction industry with excess risk of suicide and non-fatal self-harm.

Methods

This cohort of Swedish construction workers comprises 389 132 individuals examined 1971–1993 and followed 1987–2018 using national hospital and cause of death registers. More than 200 job titles were merged into 22 occupational groups. For 296 891 men alive in 1987 and active in the construction sector, survival was calculated from baseline to first event of non-fatal self-harm or suicide and censored for emigration, long-term unemployment, disability pension, retirement, death from other causes or end of follow-up. HRs with 95% CIs were obtained from multiple Cox proportional hazard regression.

Results

Overall, 1618 cases of suicide and 4774 events of non-fatal self-harm were registered. Self-harm before baseline was the single largest risk factor for suicide, HR 9.3 (95% CI 7.5 to 11.6). Compared with the overall mean, labourers and rock workers had excess risk for suicide, HR 1.4 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.7) and 1.5 (95% CI 1.0 to 2.3), respectively, while electricians, clerks and foremen had reduced risk. Labourers, concrete workers, sheet metal workers, painters, glaziers and the group ‘other construction workers’ were at increased risk for non-fatal self-harm. Almost all categories of manual workers were at increased risk for suicidal behaviour relative to clerks and foremen.

Conclusions

Specific occupations within the construction sector were associated with excess risk for suicidal behaviour. Future studies should identify underlying risk factors to inform tailored interventions.
Monocyte NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β activation modulated by alpha-1 antitrypsin therapy in deficient individuals
Authors: Gogoi Debananda , Yu Howard , Casey Michelle , Baird Rory , Yusuf Azeez , Forde Luke , O' Brien Michael E , West Jesse R , Flagg Tammy , McElvaney Noel G , Eden Edward , Mueller Christian , Brantly Mark L , Geraghty Patrick , Reeves Emer P
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Altered complement component 3 (C3) activation in patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (AATD) has been reported. To understand the potential impact on course of inflammation, the aim of this study was to investigate whether C3d, a cleavage-product of C3, triggers interleukin (IL)-1β secretion via activation of NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The objective was to explore the effect of AAT augmentation therapy in patients with AATD on the C3d/complement receptor 3 (CR3) signalling axis of monocytes and on circulating pro-inflammatory markers.

Methods

Inflammatory mediators were detected in blood from patients with AATD (n=28) and patients with AATD receiving augmentation therapy (n=19). Inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion were measured in monocytes of patients with AATD, and following C3d stimulation in the presence or absence of CR3 or NLRP3 inhibitors.

Results

C3d acting via CR3 induces NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β production, and through induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and calcium flux, triggers caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion. Treatment of individuals with AATD with AAT therapy results in decreased plasma levels of C3d (3.0±1.2 µg/mL vs 1.3±0.5 µg/mL respectively, p<0.0001) and IL-1β (115.4±30 pg/mL vs 73.3±20 pg/mL, respectively, p<0.0001), with a 2.0-fold decrease in monocyte NLRP3 protein expression (p=0.0303), despite continued ER stress activation.

Discussion

These results provide strong insight into the mechanism of complement-driven inflammation associated with AATD. Although the described variance in C3d and NLRP3 activation decreased post AAT augmentation therapy, results demonstrate persistent C3d and monocyte ER stress, with implications for new therapeutics and clinical practice.
Lorentz invariance violation from GRB 221009A
Authors: Li Hao , Ma Bo-Qiang
Published: February 2024

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) reported observation of photons with energies above 10[Formula: see text]TeV from gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A. A suggestion was proposed that this result may contradict our knowledge of special relativity (SR) and the standard model (SM), according to which photons of about 10[Formula: see text]TeV from such a distant object should be severely suppressed because of the absorption by extragalactic background light. As a result, a number of mechanisms have been proposed to solve this potential puzzle, including Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). In this work, we perform a detailed numerical calculation and show the feasibility to constrain LIV of photons from the LHAASO observation of GRB 221009A quantitatively.
Using a protrusion sapphire substrate to synthesize ZnO nanoflower arrays and application of Cu decorated ZnO nanoflower arrays as a H2and CO gas sensor
Authors: Chien Wei , Jheng Jang-Cheng , Wang Fang-Hsing , Wei Sufen , Yang Cheng-Fu
Published: February 2024

In this study, a straightforward method is proposed to grow ZnO nanoflower arrays, which will be utilized as gas sensors for detecting H2and CO gases. The process involves using the sol–gel method to create the ZnO thin films on a sapphire substrate with protrusion structure. These thin films are then annealed to serve as the seed layer for the subsequent growth of ZnO nanorods. For the synthesis of the ZnO nanorods, a 0.3[Formula: see text]M solution containing C6H12N4and Zn(CH3COO)2− 2H2O was employed as the precursor, and the hydrothermal method was used at 90∘C for a synthesis time of 60[Formula: see text]min. Due to the unique protrusion structure of the ZnO seed layer, the ZnO nanorods grew perpendicular to it, resulting in the formation of the ZnO nanoflowers. Furthermore, the ZnO seed layer’s matrix structure enables the growth of the ZnO nanoflowers in an orderly array pattern. For the further enhancement of the sensing properties of the gas sensor, a deposition method was used to decorate the Cu nanomaterials on the ZnO nanoflower arrays. The undecorated and Cu-decorated ZnO nanoflower arrays were proceeded to fabricate devices utilizing complemented by an interdigital upper electrode. Subsequently, the gas-sensing performance of both sensor types was compared concerning their ability to detect H2and CO gases. The findings in this research conclusively indicate that sensors fabricated using the Cu-decorated ZnO nanoflower arrays exhibited a remarkable enhancement in gas-sensing properties when compared to the device using the undecorated ZnO nanoflower arrays, particularly for detecting H2and CO gases. These results demonstrated that the Cu-decorated sensors had substantially higher response rates and faster response times during the gas-detecting processes.
CsPbX3 photoluminescence enhancement by localized surface plasmon of Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Zongqin , Feng Yunyue , Song Lei , Dai Jun
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates the enhanced photoluminescence of CsPbX3 by the localized surface plasmon (LSP) of Ag nanoparticles. The Ag nanoparticles with different sizes were obtained by annealing Ag thin films at different temperatures. Then the Ag/PMMA/perovskite structure was fabricated to realize the exciton-LSP coupling effect, and enhancement was found for wavelength-tunable CsPbX3 films. When the Ag film is heated to 200∘C, the maximum enhancement factor of LSP is 6.03. The LSP coupling effect induces the slight blue shift of the fluorescence emission center which is caused by the limitation of electron free trajectories under the LSP resonance frequency of Ag nanoparticles. As the gap between nanoparticles decreases, the absorption cross-section increases, and the scattering rate of electrons on the surface of metal nanoparticles greatly exceeds the internal scattering rate, causing the LSP resonance frequency to shift to the blue region, resulting in a blue shift of the PL spectrum.
Cryptanalysis of a key exchange protocol based on a congruence-simple semiring action
Authors: Otero Sánchez A. , López Ramos J. A.
Published: February 2024

We show that a previously introduced key exchange based on a congruence-simple semiring action is not secure by providing an attack that reveals the shared key from the distributed public information for any of such semirings.
A review of the Caledonian Wilson cycle from a North Atlantic perspective
Authors: Gasser Deta , Majka Jarosław , Jakob Johannes , J. Barnes Christopher
Published: February 2024

The opening and closure of the Paleozoic Iapetus Ocean, leading to the collision of Laurentia and Baltica forming the Caledonian orogen, is one of the prime examples of a Wilson cycle. In this perspective article, we summarize and discuss the content of 10 new research articles within a 5-stage framework of the Caledonian Wilson cycle from a North Atlantic perspective. Stage 1 covers Neoproterozoic rifting of both the Laurentian and Baltican margins, where the plate tectonic configurations and the timing for the onset of rifting are far from resolved; Stage 2 covers the onset of sea-floor spreading within Iapetus, with several different oceanic basins opening at different times, and with variable geometries of the rifted margins; Stage 3 covers the narrowing of the Iapetus basins along several subduction zones, the number, location and orientation of which are debated; Stage 4 covers the main continent−continent collision, documenting advances in our understanding of (U)HP metamorphism within the Western Gneiss Region; Stage 5 covers post-orogenic extension, transitioning into stage 1 of the subsequent Atlantic Wilson cycle. We review the evolution of the Caledonian Wilson cycle in the light of the recent literature from the past decade and highlight open questions and unresolved issues.

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Caledonian Wilson cycle collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/the-caledonian-wilson-cycle
Research on Urea Oxidation Coupled with Electrolysis of Water to Produce Hydrogen Based on (NiFe)2P Catalyst
Authors: Xia Xiaohong , Liu Jiajie , Wen Yuchao , Zhu Xiaoyu , Yang Xinrui , Zhao Xiaoran
Published: February 2024

Hydrogen production at low potential was realized by urea oxidation coupled water electrolysis. Transition metal phosphides ((NiFe)2P) were prepared by regulating polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) addition during the materials preparation, and their electrocatalytic performance for urea oxidation coupled hydrogen production was investigated. It was found that the material prepared with the PVP addition of 300 mg shows the best catalytic activity. The potential required to reach 100 mA cm−2 in KOH+urea solution is only 1.433 V with an impedance value of 4.128 Ω, which is 103 mV lower than that in KOH solution. Hydrogen evolution in KOH solution required 414 mV to reach −100 mA cm−2 with an impedance value of 48.75 Ω, while the potential required to reach the same current density in KOH+urea solution is only 343 mA with an impedance value of 5.65 Ω. As a result, the energy barrier and electron transfer resistance of electrocatalytic reaction can be significantly reduced by urea oxidation, and it provides a strategy for large-scale application of water electrolysis.
Dorsomedial hypothalamus-raphe pallidus-cardiac sympathetic pathway mediates electroacupuncture intervention of stress-induced tachycardia
Authors: Wang Ruwen , Zhu Li , Gao Heyuan , Zhang Mengting , Fan Yuyang , Lin Chuanbo , Shen Ping , Gao Heren
Published: February 2024

Our study suggests that this dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH)-raphe pallidus (RP)-cardiac sympathetic pathway involves in the improvement of cardiac dysfunction associated with stress by administrating electroacupuncture at PC6, thus providing beneficial information for the development of therapeutic strategies to prevent stress-induced cardiovascular diseases, and insight into neural pathway basis for electroacupuncture at PC6 intervention of cardiac dysfunction.
The Complexities in the R&D Competition Model with Spillover Effects in the Supply Chain
Authors: Xiao Jianli , Xiao Hanli
Published: February 2024

This study aims to investigate the research and development (R&D) competition within the supply chain, focusing on two aspects: R&D competition at the manufacturing level and competition in pricing strategies. This paper establishes a dynamic game model of R&D competition, comprising two manufacturers and two retailers, with both manufacturers exhibiting bounded rationality. The key findings are as follows: (1) an increase in the adjustment speed positively affects the chaotic nature of the R&D competition system, leading to a state of disorder. This chaotic state has adverse implications for manufacturing profitability. (2) The spillover effect exhibits a positive relationship with the level of chaos in the R&D competition system. A greater spillover effect contributes to a more turbulent environment, which subsequently impacts the profitability of manufacturers. (3) R&D cost parameters exert a positive influence on the stability of the R&D competition system. When the system reaches a state of equilibrium, an escalation in the R&D cost parameters poses a threat to manufacturer profitability. (4) Retailer costs play a detrimental role in the stability of the R&D competition system. As retailer costs increase, there is a decline in R&D levels, thereby diminishing manufacturer profitability. (5) To mitigate the chaotic state, we propose the implementation of the time-delayed feedback control (TDFC) method, which reflects a more stable state in the R&D competition system.
Application of wetPf2 Data for Investigating Characteristics of Temperature and Humidity of Air Masses over Paracel and Spratly Islands
Authors: Pham Khuong Le , Nguyen Anh Xuan , Nguyen Hiep Van , Hoang Son Hai , Nguyen Vinh Nhu , Vu Thang Van
Published: February 2024

This article uses data from the second-generation Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC-2) satellites (wetPf2) to study the temperature and humidity properties of the air masses over Paracel and Spratly Islands in the Vietnam East Sea (South China Sea). The satellite observational data were validated with the radiosonde data from three stations in Vietnam: Hanoi, Danang, and Ho Chi Minh City. Subsequently, the wetPf2 data are used to analyze the characteristics of temperature and relative humidity variations of the air masses over the Paracel and Spratly regions. Results show that the mean error of the satellite observational data for temperature ranges from −0.06°C to −0.02°C, with standard deviations ranging from 0.73°C to 1.04°C. The mean error of relative humidity fluctuates between 11.6% and 12.5%, with standard deviations ranging from 15.1% to 19.1%. The values are reasonable and comparable to those in previous studies. Seasonal variations of temperature and humidity show that the air mass over the Paracel Islands exhibits a larger annual temperature with an annual variation of approximately 5.0°C, significantly higher than the value of 2.2°C in the air mass over the Spratly Islands. The difference may be due to the greater influence of continental and seasonal wind systems in the northern region. Within both air masses, the annual temperature variation in the boundary layer is much larger than that in the free atmosphere. Annual relative humidity variation is higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring. The significant changes in the relative humidity with height during winter and no significant change of the relative humidity with height during summer may be related to the important role of strong convective activity carrying moist air upward to higher atmospheric levels during the summer time.
Mutant U2AF1-Induced Mis-Splicing of mRNA Translation Genes Confers Resistance to Chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Jin Peng , Wang Xiaoling , Jin Qiqi , Zhang Yi , Shen Jie , Jiang Ge , Zhu Hongming , Zhao Ming , Wang Dan , Li Zeyi , Zhou Yan , Li Wenzhu , Zhang Wei , Liu Yabin , Wang Siyang , Jin Wen , Cao Yuncan , Sheng Guangying , Dong Fangyi , Wu Shishuang , Li Xiaoyang , Jin Zhen , He Mengke , Liu Xiaxin , Chen Luonan , Zhang Yunxiang , Wang Kankan , Li Junmin
Published: February 2024

Patients with primary refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a dismal long-term prognosis. Elucidating the resistance mechanisms to induction chemotherapy could help identify strategies to improve AML patient outcomes. Herein, we retrospectively analyzed the multiomics data of more than 1,500 AML cases and found that patients with spliceosome mutations had a higher risk of developing refractory disease. RNA splicing analysis revealed that the mis-spliced genes in refractory patients converged on translation-associated pathways, promoted mainly by U2AF1 mutations. Integrative analyses of binding and splicing in AML cell lines substantiated that the splicing perturbations of mRNA translation genes originated from both the loss and gain of mutant U2AF1 binding. In particular, the U2AF1S34F and U2AF1Q157R mutants orchestrated the inclusion of exon 11 (encoding a premature termination codon) in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A2 (EIF4A2). This aberrant inclusion led to reduced eIF4A2 protein expression via nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Consequently, U2AF1 mutations caused a net decrease in global mRNA translation that induced the integrated stress response (ISR) in AML cells, which was confirmed by single-cell RNA sequencing. The induction of ISR enhanced the ability of AML cells to respond and adapt to stress, contributing to chemoresistance. A pharmacologic inhibitor of ISR, ISRIB, sensitized U2AF1 mutant cells to chemotherapy. These findings highlight a resistance mechanism by which U2AF1 mutations drive chemoresistance and provide a therapeutic approach for AML through targeting the ISR pathway.

Significance:

U2AF1 mutations induce the integrated stress response by disrupting splicing of mRNA translation genes that improves AML cell fitness to enable resistance to chemotherapy, which can be targeted to improve AML treatment.
ATPase Copper Transporting Beta (ATP7B) Is a Novel Target for Improving the Therapeutic Efficacy of Docetaxel by Disulfiram/Copper in Human Prostate Cancer
Authors: Song Liankun , Nguyen Vyvyan , Xie Jun , Jia Shang , Chang Christopher J. , Uchio Edward , Zi Xiaolin
Published: February 2024

Docetaxel has been the standard first-line chemotherapy for lethal metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) since 2004, but resistance to docetaxel treatment is common. The molecular mechanisms of docetaxel resistance remain largely unknown and could be amenable to interventions that mitigate resistance. We have recently discovered that several docetaxel-resistant mPCa cell lines exhibit lower uptake of cellular copper and uniquely express higher levels of a copper exporter protein ATP7B. Knockdown of ATP7B by silencing RNAs (siRNA) sensitized docetaxel-resistant mPCa cells to the growth-inhibitory and apoptotic effects of docetaxel. Importantly, deletions of ATP7B in human mPCa tissues predict significantly better survival of patients after their first chemotherapy than those with wild-type ATP7B (P = 0.0006). In addition, disulfiram (DSF), an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of alcohol dependence, in combination with copper, significantly enhanced the in vivo antitumor effects of docetaxel in a docetaxel-resistant xenograft tumor model. Our analyses also revealed that DSF and copper engaged with ATP7B to decrease protein levels of COMM domain–containing protein 1 (COMMD1), S-phase kinase–associated protein 2 (Skp2), and clusterin and markedly increase protein expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21/WAF1). Taken together, our results indicate a copper-dependent nutrient vulnerability through ATP7B exporter in docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer for improving the therapeutic efficacy of docetaxel.
TABLE 1 from INHBA is Enriched in HPV-negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Promotes Cancer Progression
Authors: Abou Kors Tsima , Hofmann Linda , Betzler Annika , Payer Kathrina , Bens Martin , Truong Jens , von Witzleben Adrian , Thomas Jaya , Kraus Johann M. , Kalaajieh Randa , Huber Diana , Ezić Jasmin , Benckendorff Julian , Greve Jens , Schuler Patrick J. , Ottensmeier Christian H. , Kestler Hans A. , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Theodoraki Marie-Nicole , Brunner Cornelia , Laban Simon
Published: February 2024

Clinicopathologic features of patients with OPSCC in Ulm and TCGA cohorts
FIGURE 8 from INHBA is Enriched in HPV-negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Promotes Cancer Progression
Authors: Abou Kors Tsima , Hofmann Linda , Betzler Annika , Payer Kathrina , Bens Martin , Truong Jens , von Witzleben Adrian , Thomas Jaya , Kraus Johann M. , Kalaajieh Randa , Huber Diana , Ezić Jasmin , Benckendorff Julian , Greve Jens , Schuler Patrick J. , Ottensmeier Christian H. , Kestler Hans A. , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Theodoraki Marie-Nicole , Brunner Cornelia , Laban Simon
Published: February 2024

INHBA correlates with stemness attributes. A, Correlation matrix between INHBA and stemness-related markers showing Spearman rho in scaled dots and P-value symbols (*, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ****, P ≤ 0.0001) in the upper triangular matrix and Spearman rho values in the lower triangular matrix. B, Time series of ALDH enzyme activity for Mock KD and INHBA KD1/KD2. Results are shown as mean ± SD of ALDH activity (mU/mL; n = 3) and Δt (minutes). INHBA KD1/KD2 were compared with Mock KD using unpaired t test with *, P ≤ 0.05 and **, P ≤ 0.01.
FIGURE 6 from INHBA is Enriched in HPV-negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Promotes Cancer Progression
Authors: Abou Kors Tsima , Hofmann Linda , Betzler Annika , Payer Kathrina , Bens Martin , Truong Jens , von Witzleben Adrian , Thomas Jaya , Kraus Johann M. , Kalaajieh Randa , Huber Diana , Ezić Jasmin , Benckendorff Julian , Greve Jens , Schuler Patrick J. , Ottensmeier Christian H. , Kestler Hans A. , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Theodoraki Marie-Nicole , Brunner Cornelia , Laban Simon
Published: February 2024

Cell death upon INHBA knockdown. A, Cell death of native UDSCC1, Mock KD, INHBA KD1/KD2 and native UDSCC2 cells as assessed by Annexin V/7-AAD staining and flow cytometry. Results are shown as mean ± SD of the percentages of dead cells normalized to UDSCC1 (n = 3). Conditions were compared with native UDSCC1 using unpaired t test with *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ****, P ≤ 0.0001; and ns, P > 0.05. B, Representative flow cytometry plots for each condition. Gates show early apoptotic in the lower right quadrant, late apoptotic in the upper right quadrant and necrotic cell populations in the upper left quadrant. t0-plots represent the baseline timepoint right before transfection.
FIGURE 2 from INHBA is Enriched in HPV-negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Promotes Cancer Progression
Authors: Abou Kors Tsima , Hofmann Linda , Betzler Annika , Payer Kathrina , Bens Martin , Truong Jens , von Witzleben Adrian , Thomas Jaya , Kraus Johann M. , Kalaajieh Randa , Huber Diana , Ezić Jasmin , Benckendorff Julian , Greve Jens , Schuler Patrick J. , Ottensmeier Christian H. , Kestler Hans A. , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Theodoraki Marie-Nicole , Brunner Cornelia , Laban Simon
Published: February 2024

Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and RMST in patients with OPSCC based on INHBA expression levels. A and B, Kaplan–Meier plots with log-rank test for overall survival of patients with OPSCC (A: Ulm cohort, B: TCGA cohort) based on tumor INHBA expression. Blue indicates low and red indicates high INHBA expression, as determined using Q3 as cutoff. (C–F) RMST defined as the area under the survival curve (pink) based on INHBA expression status (C:INHBA-high in all tumors, D:INHBA-low in all tumors, E:INHBA-high in HPV-negative tumors, F:INHBA-low in HPV-negative tumors).
Data from INHBA is Enriched in HPV-negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Promotes Cancer Progression
Authors: Abou Kors Tsima , Hofmann Linda , Betzler Annika , Payer Kathrina , Bens Martin , Truong Jens , von Witzleben Adrian , Thomas Jaya , Kraus Johann M. , Kalaajieh Randa , Huber Diana , Ezić Jasmin , Benckendorff Julian , Greve Jens , Schuler Patrick J. , Ottensmeier Christian H. , Kestler Hans A. , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Theodoraki Marie-Nicole , Brunner Cornelia , Laban Simon
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) exhibit a better prognosis than those with HPV-negative OPSCC. This study investigated the distinct molecular pathways that delineate HPV-negative from HPV-positive OPSCC to identify biologically relevant therapeutic targets. Bulk mRNA from 23 HPV-negative and 39 HPV-positive OPSCC tumors (n = 62) was sequenced to uncover the transcriptomic profiles. Differential expression followed by gene set enrichment analysis was performed to outline the top enriched biological process in the HPV-negative compared with HPV-positive entity. INHBA, the highest overexpressed gene in the HPV-negative tumor, was knocked down. Functional assays (migration, proliferation, cell death, stemness) were conducted to confirm the target's oncogenic role. Correlation analyses to reveal its impact on the tumor microenvironment were performed. We revealed that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the most enriched process in HPV-negative compared with HPV-positive OPSCC, with INHBA (inhibin beta A subunit) being the top upregulated gene. INHBA knockdown downregulated the expression of EMT transcription factors and attenuated migration, proliferation, stemness, and cell death resistance of OPSCC cells. We uncovered that INHBA associates with a pro-tumor microenvironment by negatively correlating with antitumor CD8+ T and B cells while positively correlating with pro-tumor M1 macrophages. We identified three miRNAs that are putatively involved in repressing INHBA expression. Our results indicate that the upregulation of INHBA is tumor-promoting. We propose INHBA as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of INHBA-enriched tumors in patients with HPV-negative OPSCC to ameliorate prognosis.
Significance:
Patients with HPV-negative OPSCC have a poorer prognosis due to distinct molecular pathways. This study reveals significant transcriptomic differences between HPV-negative and HPV-positive OPSCC, identifying INHBA as a key upregulated gene in HPV-negative OPSCC's oncogenic pathways. INHBA is crucial in promoting EMT, cell proliferation, and an immunosuppressive tumor environment, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for HPV-negative OPSCC.
Monitoring Automatic Color Walln Paint With Blynk Application
Authors: Sutono Sutono
Published: February 2024

Painting is a process of giving color to an object's surface which aims to beautify, strengthen and protect the object. Today, the need for paint continues to increase with the demand for various colors, generally sellers or painters mix several primary paint colors to produce a variety of colors. In practice, many of them still use the manual method, this is considered less efficient and less practical. This research produces an Automatic Primary Color Wall Paint Mixing System Using the TCS34725 Sensor. The paint pigments used in this system are red, green and blue pigments. The TCS34725 sensor is used as a color detector for reference objects with red, green and blue data formats. The results from the TCS34725 sensor readings are then processed by the NodeMCU8266 microcontroller to control the water pump to issue bubble pigmentation for wall paint based on the PWM value or color code with a time lag of every 100 milliseconds of bubble. Next, mixing the primary color pigments for wall paint and white wall paint will be stirred using a 12VDC motor until all the primary color pigments and white wall paint are evenly mixed. Furthermore, the TCS34725 sensor is reused to check the results of the mixing of the primary color pigments for wall paint and white wall paint. The results of this study note that the TCS34725 sensor can be used as a paint color detector by looking for the RGB value on the color card. From the results of the water pump test, the accuracy value for the red water pump is 62.21%, the green water pump is 65.28% and the blue water pump is 61.29%. From the results of the mixing obtained an average accuracy of 62.93% by taking sample data as much as 10 times mixing the primary color pigment with white wall paint.Kata kunci: Node MCU8266, RGB, Cat tembok, PWM, Warna primer, Water pump, TCS34725, Bubble, Pikmen color.
Exploring the Confluence of Technology and Driving: An Examination of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
Authors: Editor  , Maharajpet Sheela S , S Chiranjeevi
Published: February 2024

This paper architecture analysis highlights the key components of the ADAS design, including the sensors, perception layer, decision-making layer, and action layer. It explains the flow of data through the system and how sensor fusion contributes to the creation of a comprehensive image of the car's surroundings. It goes on to cover further ADAS features and their advantages, such as automated braking, adaptive cruise control, traffic sign recognition, and blind-spot detection. The hopeful future of ADAS technology is highlighted in the article's conclusion, along with how it might change driving habits, boost traffic safety, and enhance driving in general. It draws attention to the critical issues that require more study and development in order to solve them and open the door for ADAS to be widely used in a variety of traffic situations, particularly in India.
Aus Europa nach Greifswald
Authors: Bamberger Gudrun
Published: February 2024

This article deals with Sibylla Schwarz’ poetic confrontation with the literary authority of the early 17th century par excellence. In Martin Opitz, she not only found a model to follow, but also a point of orientation for her own approach to writing, which is why she productively transforms his material and texts, but develops her own forms and arguments in this imitation. She repeatedly addresses him explicitly as an ally in matters of poetry and the implementation of poetic guidelines, who, like herself, had to overcome resistance. Both his texts and his personality are appreciated in this context and integrated into her own writing. In doing so, she follows Opitz in a strategy propagated by himself and thus continues it.
“Was Sappho für ein Weib gewesen …”
Authors: Philips Samantha
Published: February 2024

In this article the author analyses the characterization of Sibylla Schwarz as “pommersche Sappho”. The aim is to carve out basic motivic structures as well as peculiarities of a Sapphic persona in poetry, on which Sibylla Schwarz was able to draw on in her writing and to which she is determined by her contemporaries and recipients when she is established in the literary world via the honorary title “Sappho”. In doing so, it is shown that sapphic writing is bound to certain expectations, such as musicality and high quality of the poems, reflection on strong emotions, a – partly concealed – inclusion of female homoerotic undertones, and the thematisation of the possibility of being driven to death by the power of passion as well as the unbearable bittersweetness of love. In her poems Schwarz shows her knowledge of Sappho as a female role model for women writers, but does not define her poet persona primarily or emphatically in the succession of the Greek lyric poetess Sappho.
Hegel’s Criticism of Pyrrhonism
Authors: Spigt Joris
Published: February 2024

This paper presents Hegel’s criticism of two central ideas of Pyrrhonism: the importance of stating only how things appear and Pyrrhonism as a way of life. After providing a sketch of the main features of Pyrrhonism, the paper lays out and critically evaluates Hegel’s largely unexamined argument against Pyrrhonism in his early 1802 essay on skepticism. Hegel claims that the Pyrrhonist’s appeal to appearance renders Pyrrhonism philosophically vacuous: insofar as Pyrrhonism merely describes the subjective contents of the Pyrrhonist’s mind, it has no philosophical import. Sextus would not accept Hegel’s criticism because the appeal to appearance could express the provisional rather than purely subjective character of Pyrrhonism. The paper proceeds by examining Hegel’s argument in the Phenomenology that skepticism is contradictory on account of conjoining suspension of judgment with acquiescing in appearances as the guide to life. Sextus would reject Hegel’s criticism by insisting on the distinction between judgment and appearance.
Taxonomic study of Pan-Himalayan Cyperus species which used to be placed in the segregate genus Pycreus
Authors: BHANDARI PRABIN , LI BANG-ZE , KUNWAR AMAR , POUDEL SUMAN , ZHOU SHI-LIANG , ZHANG SHU-REN
Published: February 2024

This paper presents a taxonomic account of the Cyperus species which used to be placed in the segregate genus Pycreus (hereafter: Pycreus species) within the Pan-Himalaya, based on morphological and micromorphological studies. Twelve Pycreus species have been identified in the Pan-Himalaya region. Taxonomic keys, descriptions, type information, ecology, and distribution notes are provided for each species. The taxonomic significance of nutlet micromorphology is discussed, supported by high-quality digital images and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations. Cyperus diaphanus var. gracilescens and Pycreus pseudolatespicatus are synonymized with C. diaphanus. A new combination is proposed for P. lijiangensis, and lectotypes are designated for C. angulatus, C. diaphanus, C. substramineus, C. sulcinux, C. delavayi and P. lijiangensis. Additionally, C. africanus is reported for the first time outside Africa.
An enlarged circumscription of Bifrenaria (Orchidaceae: Maxillariiinae)
Authors: MENEGUZZO THIAGO E. C. , CHASE MARK W.
Published: February 2024

A revised delimitation of Bifrenaria broadens the genus to include the previously accepted genera Guanchezia, Horvatia, Hylaeorchis, Rudolfiella, Scuticaria, and Teuscheria. These genera as currently circumscribed are changed to sections, and their respective species transferred or combined along with newly synonymised species. Bifrenaria sect. Stenocoryne and B. sect. Adipe are reinstated, Adipe treated as section, and two new sections are described, as follows: B. sect. Integrilabellae and B. sect. Xylobioides.
Allium kangdingense (Amaryllidaceae, Allioideae), a new species of section Sikkimensia from western Sichuan
Authors: XIE DENG-FENG , CHENG RUI-YU , DENG JIAO-JIAO , WANG YUAN , HE XING-JIN
Published: February 2024

Allium kangdingense D.F. Xie & X.J. He. a new species from western Sichuan Province, China, is described and illustrated herein. Evidence from morphological and phylogenetic analyses suggested that this new species belongs to section Sikkimensia of subgenus Reticulatobulbosa. It is morphologically closer to A. plurifoliatum and A. zhegushanense but differentiated by its fibrous roots in fuchsia, semiterete and semi-fistulose leaves, cross-section of scape, tepal color, and the base of stamen filaments. Taxonomic delineation and phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and four cpDNA (atpI–atpH, trnV–ndhC, rpoB–trnC, trnL–trnF) regions further revealed that Allium kangdingense is related to other species of sect. Sikkimensia, such as A. beesianum, A. sikkimense, A. yuanum, and A. cyaneum. The detailed differences in morphological characters and habitat are presented.
New records of fungi on Nephelium lappaceum (Rambutan) from northern Thailand
Authors: MEKALA NIRANJAN , BHUNJUN CHITRABHANU S. , MCKENZIE ERIC H.C.
Published: February 2024

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) is a seasonal fruit crop in Thailand. Thailand is a major exporter of rambutan, but its yield is compromised by fungal infections. Only a few studies have focused on fungi infecting this host plant in Thailand. Therefore, we investigated fungi from Nephelium lappaceum from northern Thailand and identified three new host records, along with new geographical records. The three fungi are Rhytidhysteron neorufulum, Scolecobasidium spiralihyphum, and Wiesneriomyces laurinus and all are described based on morphology and multigene phylogeny (ITS, LSU, SSU, tef, and β-tub). These findings provide substantial new data about fungal communities associated with the host, their geographic distribution and their effectiveness in ecosystem function. Herbarium specimens and pure cultures were deposited in the Mae Fah Luang University Fungarium and culture collection.
Phenotyping and Molecular Characterization of Durable Resistance in Bread Wheat for Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici)
Authors: Ravishankar L. V. , Pandey Mukesh Kumar , Dey Tuhina , Singh Anuradha , Rasool Bushra , Diskit Stanzin , Dar Nisar Ahmad , Maurya Amit Kumar , John Vinny , Sami Rokayya , Shami Ashjan A. , Al Kashgry Najla Amin T. , Althaqafi Mohammed M. , Algopishi Uthman Balgith
Published: February 2024

Stripe rust of wheat serious biotic stress to wheat aiming in the reduction of yield losses with biotrophic nature of the pathogen attacks mainly the foliage parts and makes it render for photosynthetic ability of the host. Host manipulation with genetic advancement one of the major
steps in the breeding programme. The durability of the cultivar can be achieved with stacking of minor gene and their combinations with major R-gene The postulated gene identified diversified resistance patterns with various combination of APR and ASR gene under field conditions and the frequencies
of the postulated genes as Yr16 (22.9%), Yr18 (59.0%), Yr29 (44.2%), Yr9 (47.5) and Yr2 (73.7%) respectively, Yr16 postulated germplasm shows strong field resistance at adult plant stage with disease response of R to RMR for Pst Pathotypes such as
78S84, 46S119, 110S119 and 238S119.
Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Preventive External Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gel Combined with Psychological Care in Tumor Patients with Radiation Dermatitis
Authors: Song Li , Li Li , Guo Chenyao , Yu Zhining
Published: February 2024

Radiation dermatitis (RD) caused by radiation therapy has brought pain to patients. Therefore, we aim to investigate the efficacy of preventive external application of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) gel in conjunction with psychological care for the prevention of RD in patients
with malignant tumors. A total of 130 patients who underwent radiotherapy in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects. The patients were divided into two groups based on their nursing modes: the conventional group received TCM gel treatment for
Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) grade II skin damage, while the combination group received preventive external application of TCM gel before radiotherapy along with psychological care support. The incidence of RD, quality of life, negative emotional changes, and satisfaction with nursing
care were recorded and compared between the two groups. Our results demonstrated a significant reduction in the incidence of RTOG grade III–IV skin damage, an obvious improvement in patient’s quality of life and negative emotions, and a higher satisfaction in the combination group
compared to the conventional group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study suggests that the preventive external application of traditional Chinese medicine combined with psychological care during radiotherapy holds significant potential in preventing RD in patients with malignant
tumors. Furthermore, it is proposed that the observed efficacy of the Chinese medicine gel in preventing radiation dermatitis may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory properties, primarily mediated by key active ingredients such as berberine and obacunone.
Metabolomics Reveal the Chemical Characteristic of Cigar Tobacco Leaves During Air-Curing Process
Authors: Geng Zhaoliang , Yang Hongyu , Gao Huajun , Xing Lei , Hu Xi , Yan Tongjing , Cai Bin
Published: February 2024

Air-curing is a critical process in the production of cigar tobacco leaves. This process involves the vital degradation and transformation of macromolecular substances into micromolecular chemical compounds. In this study, three different varieties of tobacco leaves harvested from the
Wuzhishan and Danzhou areas of Hainan, China were used as materials. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed to investigate the chemical changes before and after air-curing in the metabolites. Metabolic analysis revealed significant stepwise alterations
in the tobacco leaf metabolome during the air-curing process. A total of 172 differential metabolites were identified as significant contributors in the biosynthesis pathways of flavonoids, flavone, flavonol, and other secondary metabolites, among the total analyzed 1841 metabolites obtained
from the tobacco leaves. Notably, the contents of flavonoid metabolites, including kaempferol, rutin, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin, exhibited a significant decrease throughout the air-curing period. Correlation analysis indicated a strong association between the biosynthesis of flavonoids
and the contents of chlorogenic acid and kaempferol, suggesting their role in regulation the formation of yellow and brown colors in tobacco leaves. These findings provide valuable insights for future investigations into the quality, commercial value, and chemical properties of cigar tobacco.
Assessing Tidal Models in the Ryukyu Islands Region Using the ENOPF Method
Authors: Zhang Yibo , Kong Chunzheng , Liu Zizhou , Li Bingtian , Lv Xianqing
Published: February 2024

Satellite remote sensing can monitor sea level changes at temporal and spatial scales, plays an important role in the study of tides, and is widely used in numerical tidal models. However, these tidal models are usually computationally expensive. The equidistant nodes orthogonal polynomial fitting (ENOPF) method may overcome that drawback. This study evaluates the accuracy of the ENOPF method in fitting the major tidal constituents in the region near the Ryukyu Islands, where the water depth on either side of the islands varies significantly. The results show that the ENOPF method can accurately fit the major tidal constituents in the presence of complex topography. Furthermore, this approach can also be used to generate reasonable cotidal charts and provide valuable tidal information for hydrodynamic model simulations in the East China Sea. For the high-resolution hydrodynamic model of the East China Sea in particular, reasonable open boundary conditions can be provided by the ENOPF method.
Review of non-penetrating ballistic testing techniques for protection assessment: From biological data to numerical and physical surrogates
Authors: Chaufer Martin , Delille Rémi , Bourel Benjamin , Maréchal Christophe , Lauro Franck , Mauzac Olivier , Roth Sébastien
Published: February 2024

Human surrogates have long been employed to simulate human behaviour, beginning in the automotive industry and now widely used throughout the safety framework to estimate human injury during and after accidents and impacts. In the specific context of blunt ballistics, various methods have been developed to investigate wound injuries, including tissue simulants such as clays or gelatine ballistic, physical dummies and numerical models. However, all of these surrogate entities must be biofidelic, meaning they must accurately represent the biological properties of the human body. This paper provides an overview of physical and numerical surrogates developed specifically for blunt ballistic impacts, including their properties, use and applications. The focus is on their ability to accurately represent the human body in the context of blunt ballistic impact.
Persistent hiccups as a rare presenting symptom of empyema: a case report
Authors: Lee An-Fu , Lee Hong-Wei , Yen Zui-Shen
Published: February 2024

Background

Empyema is uncommon owing to antibiotic use but still affects patient health if not treated. Hiccups as the initial symptom of empyema are rare; however, empyema should be considered if a patient has persistent hiccups with unexplained fever.

Case presentation

We present a case of persistent hiccups, left upper quadrant abdominal pain, and fever on day 1, and total left lung white-out and empyema on day 3. The hiccups resolved gradually after antibiotic treatment and surgical decortication.

Conclusions

Clinicians should consider the possibility of empyema and conduct a chest computed tomography study if unexplained fever and persistent hiccups coexist.