bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indicaciones histórico-epistemológicas del uso de tecnologías digitales en la Educación Matemática brasileña
Authors: Antunes Victor Hugo Ricco Bone , Boscarioli Clodis , Klüber Tiago Emanuel
Published: September 2020

Este artigo aponta as mudanças que ocorreram ao longo dos anos em pesquisas relacionadas ao uso pedagógico das tecnologias digitais publicadas no ENEM (Encontro Nacional de Educação Matemática) a partir de seus Anais. Foram analisados 421 artigos publicados nas 12 edições do evento que ocorreram entre os anos de 1987 e 2016, divididos em comunicações científicas, relatos de experiência e pôsteres. Após a leitura, realizou-se uma análise isolada, apresentando o foco das pesquisas publicadas em cada edição. Na sequência, foi possível comparar as edições, de modo a observar as mudanças mais acentuadas que ocorreram nas publicações ao longo da história do evento. A principal mudança observada se refere ao foco das pesquisas, que nas primeiras edições centrava-se em mostrar formas de utilizar, de forma pedagógica, as novas tecnologias, ou apresentar novos sistemas, e nas últimas edições, mais voltado a discutir como as tecnologias digitais estão sendo inseridas em sala de aula  e como os professores estão sendo preparados para tal utilização, analisando desde a formação inicial à continuada.
Construcción de escenarios en GeoGebra en la movilización de conocimientos matemáticos por alumnos con altas habilidades/superdotados
Authors: Bueno Adrieli Cristine , Basniak Maria Ivete
Published: September 2020

No contexto educacional, é possível utilizar diferentes recursos que podem contribuir para a aprendizagem da matemática, estimulando o pensamento lógico e criativo dos alunos, em que é necessário considerar a relação instrumental da ação do sujeito com o artefato. Assim, para investigar as formas como os alunos com indicativo de altas habilidades/superdotação usam diferentes meios e modos de significação dos objetos matemáticos na construção de cenários animados no GeoGebra, a Gênese Instrumental foi o fundamento. Essa abordagem teórica relaciona artefato, instrumento e esquemas, e sugere um modelo de aprendizagem instrumentada pela matemática. Neste contexto, o trabalho assume pressupostos metodológicos de investigação e pesquisa Design-Based Research (DBR), que agrega vantagens das metodologias qualitativas e das quantitativas, em que os pressupostos teóricos são usados para analisar a construção de um cenário animado por um aluno com altas habilidades/superdotação. As análises evidenciam que o GeoGebra favoreceu a realização e concretização da tarefa mobilizando conhecimentos matemáticos, em que a relação estabelecida entre álgebra e geometria é destacada. O aluno relacionou a matemática com as ferramentas disponíveis no GeoGebra, construindo um novo cenário utilizando diferentes conteúdos que compreendeu a partir da construção realizada.
Reorganización del Conocimiento Matemático en la Elaboración de Simuladores con GeoGebra: Análisis de una actividad que envuelve la noción de Cuadrado
Authors: Díaz-Urdaneta Stephanie , Narok Pereira Luzia Regis
Published: September 2020

O uso das tecnologias digitais nos contextos educativos tem favorecido as possibilidades de visualização e experimentação na Educação Matemática, o que tem permitido uma reorganização do conhecimento matemático no desenvolvimento da atividade escolar realizada. Neste sentido, neste trabalho analisa-se uma experiência na qual a partir da visualização e experimentação mediadas pelas tecnologias digitais, um aluno da Educação Media da Venezuela reorganiza suas ideias sobre o que é um quadrado, na atividade de Elaboração de Simuladores com o GeoGebra (ESG). Para isso, iniciou-se contextualizando da pesquisa realizada, continuando com o que é a ESG e, posteriormente, como ela é entendida segundo as perspectiva do que é a reorganização mediada pelas tecnologias digitais e das ideias de Seres-humanos-com-mídias. A metodologia deste trabalho é qualitativa, de natureza descritivo-interpretativa, sendo apresentado o contexto, participantes, a fonte dos dados e a análise dos mesmos. Dentre os resultados, no discurso dos participantes, percebe-se a reorganização do que é um quadrado a partir da visualização e experimentação das características desta figura no GeoGebra. A partir do analisado, considera-se que os professores podem ter iniciativas para realizar atividades mediadas por tecnologias digitais que ajudem na reorganização dos conceitos geométricos.
Desarrollo del razonamiento probabilístico en profesores de matemáticas mediante simulación computacional
Authors: García-García Jaime I. , Fernández Coronado Nicolás A. , Imilpán Rivera Isaac A.
Published: September 2020

Este estudio, enmarcado en la necesidad de una alfabetización probabilística en el ciudadano, explora el desarrollo del razonamiento probabilístico del profesor de matemáticas frente a tareas de cálculo de probabilidades en problemas binomiales mediante simulación computacional. Esta investigación corresponde a un estudio de caso, en la que se trabajó con siete profesores de matemáticas que estaban inscritos en un curso de Probabilidad y Estadística de una maestría en una universidad mexicana. Para analizar y evaluar el razonamiento probabilístico de los profesores en sus respuestas a dos tareas de cálculo de probabilidades de eventos, antes y después de realizar actividades de simulación computacional, se definen niveles jerárquicos considerando la taxonomía SOLO: preestructural, uniestructural, multiestructural y relacional. El estudio revela que cuatro profesores modificaron su razonamiento probabilístico, alcanzando el nivel relacional en la tarea de encontrar los valores teóricos de la distribución de probabilidad binomial; mientras que dos profesores lo alcanzaron en la tarea de encontrar la probabilidad de un evento compuesto. El trabajo con simulación computacional ha permitido a los profesores abordar el cálculo de probabilidades binomiales mediante un enfoque frecuencial e identificar, en algunos casos, los valores teóricos.
Pensamiento computacional y TPACK en la educación científica: una experiencia en el sur de Brasil
Authors: Da Silva Denilson Rodrigues , Kurtz Fabiana Diniz , Santos Cristina Paludo
Published: September 2020

Inúmeras mudanças sociais, culturais e educacionais têm sido associadas à crescente presença das TIC nas atividades e práticas sociais humanas. Reconhecemos, no entanto, a necessidade de ter conceitos e metodologias educacionais vinculados a tecnologias sempre aliadas a uma forte base teórica e conceitual, a fim de qualificar o processo pedagógico no ensino básico e superior. Esses elementos sustentam a criação de um centro de popularização do pensamento e educação computacional (N2PCE) e ações relacionadas à integração universidade-escola, com vistas a qualificar a educação dos alunos nesses dois contextos. Pretende também auxiliar os profissionais da educação em seus esforços pedagógicos, tanto no campo da computação quanto em áreas com conhecimentos específicos nas áreas de Matemática e Física. Este artigo ilustra experiências com estudantes do ensino fundamental, em atividades estreitamente associadas ao campo da ciência e da tecnologia, com o pensamento computacional e a estrutura TPACK como suporte teórico e metodológico. Os resultados sugerem uma ressignificação significativa dos campos de conhecimento e potencial crescimento intelectual, humano e profissional dos participantes, bem como uma possibilidade de popularização e desmistificação das áreas envolvidas.
El uso del software en operaciones con números naturales como herramienta de facilitación para el proceso de enseñanza de las cuatro operaciones: adición, sustracción, multiplicación y división
Authors: Moraes Larisse Lorrane Monteiro , Costa Bruno Sebastião Rodrigues da , Melo Valdinei Gomes , Almeida Talita Carvalho Silva de
Published: September 2020

As transformações são mais profundas do que na sociedade contemporânea, mas são realizados menos progressos na informatização de grande importância ou no uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), na prática do ensino. Nesse sentido, estamos oferecendo às salas de aula de matemática uma oferta de educação tecnológica, ou o que significa sensibilizar para a construção do conhecimento matemático, garantindo que alguém supere os desafios profissionais e sociais que você está promovendo. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa foi extraída de um Curso de Conclusão de Curso, realizado no sexto ano da Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e, com o objetivo de investigar ou potencial uso de uma sequência didática para suas duas operações distintas. números naturais, usando a plataforma  APP  Inventor 2. Por esse motivo, use os formulários descritos, descritos pela Engenharia Didática, mas os dados obtidos mostram esta ferramenta como uma excelente alternativa para ou ensino ou em nenhum no momento em que você é aprendiz de critérios críticos de aprovação satisfatória. . isso, ou ou Processo de ensino e aprendizagem, usando ou usando operações de software com os números naturais de motivadores, dinâmicos e facilitadores.
Francisco Rico, Historia y crítica de la literatura española, 5/1, Romanticismo y realismo. Primer Suplemento, Iris M. Zavala, Editorial Crítica, Barcelona, 1994, 467 pp
Authors: Amezúa Amezúa Julia
Published: September 2020

Reseña del libro "Historia y crítica de la literatura española, 5/1, Romanticismo y realismo. Primer Suplemento".
A Computer Vision-Based Dual Network Approach for Indoor Fall Detection
Authors: Zhang Lu , Fang Chun , Zhu Ming
Published: September 2020

In order to strengthen the monitoring of the elderly and reduce the safety risks caused by falls, a video-based indoor fall detection algorithm using a dual network structure is proposed. Firstly, for the recorded video stream, we apply the fine-tuned YOLACT network to extract the contours of the human body, and then design a simple convolutional neural network to distinguish the categories of different family activities (including bending, standing, sitting and lying), and finally make a fall decision. When a lying position is detected on the floor region, it is considered as a fall. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can successfully detect fall events in different indoor scenarios, and have a low false detection rate on the constructed data set.
RELATIVE EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF MINT (MENTHA LONGIFOLIA) AGAINST TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE)
Authors:   Saba Memon, Jam Ghulam Mustafa Sahto, Lubna Bashir, Imtiaz Ahmed Nizamani and Abdul Qayoom Rajput
Published: September 2020

Present study aimed to examine the effect of different concentrations of mint, Mentha longifolia (2.00 %, 1.50 %, 1.00 %, and 0.50 %) on Tribolium confusum in wheat under laboratory conditions. All the concentrations of mint exhibited the potential to cause mortality of T. confusum and their effectiveness against T. confusum increased with time. Although, no significant difference was recorded among various mint materials to elicit mortality of T. confusum after 24 hours of application. However, a rise in mortality was recorded after 48 hours of application with the highest mortality of T. confusum also recorded in 2.00% concentration followed by 1.5 %, 1 %, and 0.5 % concentrations. The mortality of beetles showed further rise afterward and at the end of the week of the mortality experiment, 2.00% mint concentration cause maximum mortality. No mortality of beetles was recorded in the control. Population fluctuation results showed a significant difference in population growth at monthly intervals as a steady growth was observed in the 2%, 1.5% 1%, and 0.5% concentration, but, rapid growth was recorded in the control. At the end of the third month, the highest population of T. confusum was recorded in control (88.00±3.79 beetles), whereas, the beetle population observed in 0.50%, 1.00%, 1.50%, and 2% concentrations were (71.33±1.45 beetles), (63.00±3.46 beetles), (53.67±2.91 beetles) and (30.00±3.61beetles) respectively. The overall weight and grain loss were significantly higher in control, whereas, 2% of mint concentration suffered the lowest loss. Therefore, 2% of mint concentration is recommended to be used to manage the population of T. confusum in wheat.
EXPLORATION OF PREDATORY SPIDERS ON COTTON PESTS IN SPRAYED AND UN-SPRAYED COTTON FIELDS OF CCRI-SAKRAND-SINDH-PAKISTAN
Authors: Khuhro Shah Nawaz , Abdullah Khalid , Hassan Mohammad Farooque , Talpur Muhammad Ali , Keerio Abdullah
Published: September 2020

Explorations of predatory spiders were carried out from sprayed and unsprayed cotton crop grown at Central Cotton Research Institute Sakrand, Sindh-Pakistan during the period of May-October 2016 and 2017. During the research findings eight species of predatory spiders were explored and identified from cotton field which were Philodromus cespitum, Thanatus formicinus, Thyene imperialis, Oxyopes salticus, Cheiracanthium erraticum, Plexippus Paykulli, Lycosa tista and Pardosa birmanica.  The activity of predatory spiders started in the month of May and June in the initial stage of cotton crop during the both years. The maximum spider population was noted in the months of July and August, when cotton crop was fully mature. The population of predatory spiders increased 61 in un-sprayed plot and 28 in sprayed in 2016 and 43 numbers of predatory spiders in un-sprayed plot and 22 in the sprayed plot during 2017. The maximum mean number of spiders was found to be 69 in un-sprayed plot and 36 in sprayed plot in 2016 as compared to 54 and 26 in 2017. Number of spiders were lesser in the month of September and October, the population of spiders decreased with the less population of sucking insect pests due to mature age of cotton crop in both plots in 2016 and 2017. There is a dire need to explore the insecticide effects on the predatory spiders of Pakistan and protection to keep the spiders safe from indiscriminate use of insecticides on cotton crop as they are bio-control agents and contribute their big part in the agriculture ecosystem, food chains and control of arthropods
The Origin of Massive Stars: The Inertial-inflow Model
Authors: Padoan Paolo , Pan Liubin , Juvela Mika , Haugbølle Troels , Nordlund Åke
Published: September 2020

We address the problem of the origin of massive stars, namely the origin, path, and timescale of the mass flows that create them. Based on extensive numerical simulations, we propose a scenario where massive stars are assembled by large-scale, converging, inertial flows that naturally occur in supersonic turbulence. We refer to this scenario of massive-star formation as the inertial-inflow model. This model stems directly from the idea that the mass distribution of stars is primarily the result of turbulent fragmentation. Under this hypothesis, the statistical properties of turbulence determine the formation timescale and mass of prestellar cores, posing definite constraints on the formation mechanism of massive stars. We quantify such constraints by analyzing a simulation of supernova-driven turbulence in a 250 pc region of the interstellar medium, describing the formation of hundreds of massive stars over a time of approximately 30 Myr. Due to the large size of our statistical sample, we can say with full confidence that massive stars in general do not form from the collapse of massive cores nor from competitive accretion, as both models are incompatible with the numerical results. We also compute synthetic continuum observables in the Herschel and ALMA bands. We find that, depending on the distance of the observed regions, estimates of core mass based on commonly used methods may exceed the actual core masses by up to two orders of magnitude and that there is essentially no correlation between estimated and real core masses.
Makemake + Sedna: A Continuum Radiation Transport and Photoionization Framework for Astrophysical Newtonian Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Kuiper Rolf , Yorke Harold W. , Mignone Andrea
Published: September 2020

Astrophysical fluid flow studies often encompass a wide range of physical processes to account for the complexity of the system under consideration. In addition to gravity, a proper treatment of thermodynamic processes via continuum radiation transport and/or photoionization is becoming the state of the art. We present a major update of our continuum radiation transport module, Makemake, and a newly developed module for photoionization, Sedna, coupled to the magnetohydrodynamics code PLUTO. These extensions are currently not publicly available; access can be granted on a case-by-case basis. We explain the theoretical background of the equations solved, elaborate on the numerical layout, and present a comprehensive test suite for radiation–ionization hydrodynamics. The grid-based radiation and ionization modules support static one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional grids in Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates. Each module splits the radiation field into two components, one originating directly from a point source—solved using a ray-tracing scheme—and a diffuse component—solved with a three-dimensional flux-limited diffusion (FLD) solver. The FLD solver for the continuum radiation transport makes use of either the equilibrium one-temperature approach or the linearization two-temperature approach. The FLD solver for the photoionization module enables accounting for the temporal evolution of the radiation field from direct recombination of free electrons into hydrogen’s ground state as an alternative to on-the-spot approximation. A brief overview of completed and ongoing scientific studies is given to explicitly illustrate the multipurpose nature of the numerical framework presented.
Identification of Two Distinct Electron Populations in an Impulsive Solar Energetic Electron Event
Authors: Li G. , Zhao L. , Wang L. , Liu W. , Wu X.
Published: September 2020

We examine the release times of energetic electrons in the 2001 April 25 event. An M2.7 flare occurred on 2001 April 25, from AR 09433, located at N18W09. The flare was observed in X-rays by GOES and the Yohkoh spacecraft. The Yohkoh observation also included hard X-ray (HXR) images for all four energy channels: L, M1, M2, and H. We use Yohkoh observation times as a proxy for the release time of energetic electrons that propagated downward, which are responsible for the HXRs. In situ >∼25 keV electrons were observed by the Wind spacecraft. For these electrons, we obtain the release time at the Sun using the recently developed Fractional Velocity Dispersion Analysis method. We find that the release times of outward-propagating energetic electrons are clearly delayed from those that propagated downward. Furthermore, these delayed releases are energy dependent. The implication of this delay on the underlying acceleration and trapping process of the >∼25 keV electrons at solar flares is discussed.
Arthropoda; Crustacea; Decapoda of deep-sea volcanic habitats of the Galapagos Marine Reserve, Tropical Eastern Pacific
Authors: Arnés-Urgellés Camila , Buglass Salome , Ahyong Shane , Salinas-de-León Pelayo , Wicksten Mary , Marsh Leigh
Published: September 2020

The deep-sea biome (> 200 m depth) is the world’s last great wilderness, covering more than 65% of the earth’s surface. Due to rapid technological advances, deep-sea environments are becoming more accessible to scientific research and ocean exploration around the world and, in recent years, this is also true for the Galapagos Islands. Deep-sea habitats cover the largest proportion of Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR), yet to date, no comprehensive baseline exists on the biodiversity of the benthic fauna associated with volcanic seafloor formations within this region. Closing this knowledge gap is essential to provide information for decision-making for the management of marine resources within the GMR and assessing any potential changes in biodiversity resulting from climate-driven alterations that deep-sea environments are expected to experience. In 2015, the Charles Darwin Foundation’s Seamounts of the GMR Research Project, together with the Galapagos National Park Directorate (GNPD) and Ocean Exploration Trust (OET), conducted a joint expedition on board the EV Nautilus. Using Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), the aim of the expedition was to characterise the geological formations and biological communities present on seamounts, lava flows and other deep-sea habitats (> 200 m) within the GMR.

We provide the first comprehensive image inventory for the phylum Arthropoda from 260 to 3400 m of depth within the GMR. Past studies on deep-sea macroinvertebrates in the GMR have been limited to voucher samples collected from dredging (restricted to soft bottom environments) or by submersibles (only allowing limited biological sampling). The image inventory, presented here, is based on high-definition video transects conducted by the Hercules ROV on board the EV Nautilus. Images of macroinvertebrate morphospecies were captured, catalogued and identified, thus providing the first known image inventory of in-situ macroinvertebrate species from the deep-sea region of the GMR.

We present 32 distinct morphospecies occurrences within the class Malacostraca and order Decapoda. We also report 17 different families, three species that are new records to the GMR, in-situ images of two new species to science recently described and one possible new squat lobster, as well as interesting behavioural observations.
Catalogue of herpetological specimens of the Ewha Womans University Natural History Museum (EWNHM), Republic of Korea
Authors: Shin Yucheol , Jang Yikweon , Allain Steven J. R. , Borzée Amaël
Published: September 2020

The herpetology collection of the Ewha Womans University Natural History Museum (EWNHM) represents one of the oldest and largest institutional collections in the Republic of Korea. The specimens deposited in the EWNHM represent a major historical collection of the native herpetofauna, both in species diversity and time span. However, the full inventory of the herpetology collection has never been conducted and thus the collection has received little attention from researchers. Here, the first full account of the herpetology specimens held at the EWNHM is provided, with voucher information for all documented specimens to make the collection accessible for future studies.
Pédagogie et sciences de l’éducation : pas facile !
Authors: Houssaye Jean
Published: September 2020

Quels rapports la pédagogie entretient-elle avec les sciences de l’éducation ? Nous examinerons cette question sous trois angles : Historiquement, quels ont été les statuts de la pédagogie au long des siècles ? Comment les sciences de l’éducation et les didactiques ont-elles tenté de faire disparaître la pédagogie ? Pourquoi la pédagogie résiste-t-elle et ne cesse-t-elle de resurgir ? Ce qui nous amènera, pour terminer, à préciser la nature et la spécificité de la formation pédagogique.
Espérance de Vie Scolaire et Handicap, premiers résultats de l’enquête EVS-H menée auprès d’enfants nés vivants porteurs de malformations congénitales
Authors: Guinamard Isabelle , Colin Stéphanie , Amar Emmanuelle , Addad Sourour , Shayikova Arnoo , Poizat Denis
Published: September 2020

La présente étude révèle les résultats du programme de recherche financé « Espérance de vie scolaire et handicap – EVS-H ». La visée de ce programme est d’évaluer l’espérance de vie scolaire et les trajectoires de scolarisation d’une population de 197 enfants nés vivants porteurs de malformations congénitales susceptibles de générer des problèmes de santé ou pouvant les mettre en situation fonctionnelle de handicap (tels que troubles moteurs, cognitifs, sensoriels ou encore neuro-développementaux). Ces enfants étaient en âge d’inscription en école primaire quand la loi de février 2005 pour l’égalité des droits et des chances, la participation et la citoyenneté des personnes handicapées a été promulguée. Cette étude amène au constat que L’EVS mesurée en milieu ordinaire et en milieu médico-hospitalier est similaire aux résultats nationaux mais elle est nettement plus basse pour l’EVS calculée dans le milieu ordinaire uniquement. L’article discute les différents résultats permettant ce constat dans la perspective de l’éducation inclusive.
L’al-Azhar subsaharienne sur le chemin de la résilience ? L’université internationale d’Afrique après la chute d’Omar al-Bashir
Authors: Medani Khadidja
Published: September 2020

L’université internationale d’Afrique est une université islamique khartoumaise qui a pour vocation de former des étudiants étrangers. Bien qu’officiellement transnationale et indépendante, l’université, parrainée par Omar al-Bashir depuis 1991, a été largement instrumentalisée par le régime de l’ Inqaz . L’étude de cette institution donne à voir un exemple concret de la réalisation du « projet civilisationnel » du gouvernement islamiste soudanais. À travers le développement de cet exemple, cet article interroge la capacité de résilience d’une institution mise au service du gouvernement d’Omar al-Bashir après la chute de son régime.
“It all Started with Bread-and-Butter Issues.” Interview with Abdalbasit Saeed about the 2019 Sudanese Revolution
Authors: Casciarri Barbara , Saeed Abdalbasit
Published: September 2020

Cet entretien, mené par Barbara Casciarri, chercheuse au Soudan depuis 30 ans, avec Abdalbasit Saeed, anthropologue soudanais, revient sur les moments clefs de l’insurrection débutée en décembre 2018 et achevée avec la chute du régime en avril 2019. Convergences et divergences avec les révolutions de 1964 et 1985 y sont analysées, de même que la composition de classe du mouvement et les nouveaux acteurs politiques comme les Comités de résistance. Le soutien exprimé au processus révolutionnaire ne manque pas d’en souligner certaines contradictions idéologiques ou des points aveugles, comme la marginalisation des groupes urbains périphériques et des nomades.
Aide internationale, production de services publics et souveraineté étatique : l’exemple des réfugiés centrafricains dans l’Est-Cameroun
Authors: Lefort Claire
Published: September 2020

En 2013-2014, l’afflux de réfugiés centrafricains au Cameroun provoque la mise en place de nombreux projets d’aide d’urgence à destination des populations déplacées. Au niveau local, par les formes concrètes et empiriques qu’elles revêtent, ces interventions humanitaires participent d’une transformation de l’espace public et de la production de services sociaux. Mais ces derniers, par les récupérations dont ils peuvent faire l’objet de la part des services étatiques, permettent également de réfléchir aux dynamiques socio-politiques et de gouvernance camerounaises, dans un contexte de délitement de l’action publique et de gestion centralisée et inégale des ressources du pays.
Conceptual Coup d’État: W.E.B. Du Bois and the Inauguration of Intersectional Sociology
Authors: Rabaka Reiland
Published: September 2020

Bref exercice de critique de la sociologie, cet article démontre les contributions indéniables de W. E. B. Du Bois à l'histoire, au discours et au développement de la sociologie américaine en particulier, et au monde de la sociologie en général. Cette approche dialectique du discours sociologique de Du Bois permettra aux interprètes objectifs de son œuvre de constater que, par comparaison et contraste avec l'œuvre monumentale de Karl Marx, Max Weber et Émile Durkheim, ce qui était et reste véritablement distinctif de la sociologie de Du Bois est précisément sa préoccupation sans prétention pour des questions sociales, politiques et culturelles clairement et distinctement américaines, comme, par exemple : la race et le racisme anti-noir dans le contexte de l'esclavage, du lynchage, des codes noirs, des lois Jim Crow, de la ségrégation et d'autres formes d'oppression raciale aux États-Unis ; le capitalisme racial et la colonisation raciale des classes sociales aux États-Unis ; la colonisation raciale du genre et de la sexualité aux États-Unis ; la colonisation raciale de la religion aux États-Unis ; la colonisation raciale de l'éducation aux États-Unis ; et, enfin, la criminalisation raciale des Noirs, parmi d'autres personnes colonisées racialement et frappées par la pauvreté, aux États-Unis.
Activism through Art: Du Bois, The Crisis and the Crime of Lynching
Authors: Kirschke Amy Helene
Published: September 2020

W.E.B. Du Bois, fondateur et rédacteur en chef du journal mensuel The Crisis , créé par la NAACP, était déterminé à donner aux Africains-Américains une voix nationale pour rendre compte de leur propre histoire, de leurs propres affaires politiques et des problèmes sociaux qu'ils rencontraient. Dès le numéro inaugural, en 1910, Du Bois a fait appel à des illustrateurs de caricatures politiques, véritables éditoriaux en eux-mêmes. Les artistes, pour la plupart restés inconnus des historiens, ont créé des images de terrorisme racial comme éléments de leur œuvre, y compris des images de lynchage. En un seul dessin, les aspects les plus horribles de cette activité extralégale pouvaient être capturés ; les Américains blancs usaient du lynchage pour maintenir leur suprématie blanche, contrôler les Africains-Américains et limiter leur progrès économique et social. En publiant des essais, des statistiques, des photographies et des dessins de lynchages, Du Bois et son équipe ont rendu visible et maintenu cet acte cruel au premier plan, à l'attention de leur lectorat. Une seule image pouvait en dire autant qu'un ouvrage entier et ainsi contribuer aux efforts visant à mettre fin à la violence raciale, à mobiliser politiquement le lectorat et à donner aux Africains-Américains leur propre voix dans la lutte contre le lynchage en Amérique.
Le concept d’aliénation, entre phénoménologie de la souffrance sociale et critique des systèmes
Authors: Autric Thibault
Published: September 2020

Depuis les années 1990 et la crise de la critique, le caractère phénoménologique, psychologisant ou encore compassionnel de la critique sociale a fait maintes fois l'objet de commentaires. En réponse à cette ornière subjectiviste, la référence au néolibéralisme, néocapitalisme ou autres « systèmes » se voit souvent mobilisée, mais bien des fois au titre d'un signifiant vide ne faisant pas véritablement l'objet d'une étude conséquente. Dire cela, c'est poser la question épistémologique du niveau de détails et d'analyse des rouages systémiques à partir duquel nous pourrions considérer que l'évocation de systèmes aliénants est satisfaisante. À titre d'exemple, une étude des usages contemporains du concept d'aliénation vise à suggérer que le subjectivisme épistémologique reste patent dans la critique sociale ­ parfois même malgré les allégations systémiques.
Risk and Resilience in Children in the Context of Mass Trauma
Authors: Whaley Grace L. , Varma Vandana , Hawks Erin M. , Cowperthwaite Robyn , Arlee Lenore , Pfefferbaum Betty
Published: September 2020

This article explores the extant literature on outcomes of mass trauma in children as well as factors that predict risk and interventions used to enhance resilience and promote recovery. Many children display acute stress reactions after a mass trauma and some will develop chronic symptoms, but most will recover or demonstrate resilience. Children's reactions include posttraumatic stress symptoms, depression, anxiety, and behavior problems. Various factors predict resilience and vulnerability in children after a mass trauma. These include preexisting factors such as the child's demographics, personality, and previous trauma exposure. The type and degree of exposure to the trauma influences outcomes, with direct exposure or loss of loved ones contributing to worse outcomes. The postdisaster environment, including disaster-related disruption and family and social factors, may hinder or enhance a child's recovery. The aforementioned factors may be used to inform assessment of risk and resilience in public and mental health settings in children after a mass trauma. Effective interventions vary based on the child's exposure and symptomology, timing of intervention in relation to the trauma, and the resources available for service provision.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2020;50(9):387–392.]
Use of a Modified Rep Model in Primary Joint Arthroplasty: Lessons Learned
Authors: Meftah Morteza , Siddappa Vinay Hosuru , Johnson Nathan , White Peter B. , Mack Arthur , Skoller Michael , Kirschenbaum Ira H.
Published: September 2020

Orthopedic implant device sales representatives (“reps”) can provide intraoperative guidance based on their product knowledge, as part of their many responsibilities. However, for experienced high-volume arthroplasty surgeons, a representative may not be required in the room for most primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures. The goal of this study was to describe the authors' experience with a modified rep model for primary TKA. Between January and December 2017, a total of 100 unilateral primary TKAs were performed with a modified rep model and compared with 100 primary TKAs that were performed before this protocol. The authors adopted 2 additional initiatives to institute this protocol safely: (1) improved education of operating room staff and allocation of responsibilities; and (2) reengineering of the existing surgical trays. No perioperative complications, including readmission, periprosthetic fracture, or infection, occurred in either group. In addition, no difference was found in mean length of stay between the modified rep and conventional cohorts (2.2 and 2.4 days, respectively;
P
=.49). Mean operating room time was less with the modified rep cohort (102.1 vs 117.8 minutes;
P
<.001), as was total instrument turnover time in the operating room (13.9 vs 29.7 minutes;
P
<.0001) and in central sterilization (59.4 vs 126.8 minutes;
P
<.001). No errors occurred with implant accuracy or trays, and there was no need to change the type of implant with the modified rep model, compared with 6% of trays requiring additional sterilization with the conventional model. The negotiated implant cost with the modified rep model was approximately $2000 less than that for the conventional group. This study found that the modified rep model for primary TKA is safe and has the potential for substantial cost savings. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(6):e538–e542.]
Coding Education in Residency and in Practice Improves Accuracy of Coding in Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Greenky Max R. , Winters Brian S. , Bishop Meghan E. , McDonald Elizabeth L. , Rogero Ryan G. , Shakked Rachel J. , Raikin Steven M. , Daniel Joseph N. , Pedowitz David I.
Published: September 2020

The goal of training in orthopedic residency is to produce surgeons who are proficient in all aspects of the practice of orthopedic surgery; however, most residents receive either inadequate or no training in medical coding. The purpose of this study was to determine how well orthopedic residents code when compared with practicing surgeons and to identify whether coding education improves accuracy in medical coding. A mock coding survey was developed using commonly encountered orthopedic clinical scenarios. The survey was distributed to orthopedic trainees post-graduate years (PGY) 1 to 6 at 2 training programs and to attending surgeons. Results were analyzed in 3 groups: junior residents (PGY 1–3), senior residents (PGY 4–6), and attending surgeons. Overall and subcategory scores of (1) type of visit, (2) modifiers, (3) Evaluation and Management (E/M), and (4)
Current Procedural Terminology
code identification were recorded. Participants were also asked if they had ever received various forms of coding education. Sixty-seven total participants were enrolled, including 28 junior residents, 24 senior residents, and 15 attendings. Practicing surgeons performed significantly better than both senior (
P
<.027) and junior (
P
<.001) residents in all categories, with a mean overall correct response rate of 72.8%, 51.0%, and 47.4%, respectively. Any form of coding education was associated with a significantly improved overall score for residents (
P
=.013) and a nonsignificant increase for attending surgeons (
P
=.390). This study demonstrates that residents performed poorly when identifying proper billing codes for common procedures and encounters in orthopedic surgery. Further, those participants who received coding education did better than those who did not. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(6):380–383.]
Communautés cultuelles et dynamiques religieuses dans le monde grec antiqueII. Mégare et ses colonies de la Propontide et du Pont‑Euxin
Authors: Robu Adrian
Published: September 2020

Dans la continuité de l’enquête sur le panthéon mégarien entamée l’année précédente, l’analyse a porté sur l’organisation de l’espace sacré en Mégaride antique et sur les parentés cultuelles existant entre Mégare et ses colonies de la Propontide et du Pont‑Euxin.
La Bible grecque des Septante : histoire du texte et de sa réception juive et chrétienne – lecture et commentaire du deuxième livre des Règnes
Authors: Morlet Sébastien
Published: September 2020

Cette année, le cycle de conférences a présenté deux volets : 1) d’abord, une série de six conférences sur la question de la pluralité textuelle des Écritures dans l’Antiquité juive et chrétienne ; 2) ensuite, la reprise de la lecture, de la traduction et du commentaire du deuxième livre des Règnes dans la Septante.
Histoire et sociologie des protestantismes
Authors: Cabanel Patrick
Published: September 2020

Le séminaire de l’année 2018-2019 a porté sur « Calvin et le calvinisme dans le monde. Histoire et actualité (I) ». Le thème s’est rapidement avéré trop vaste pour être ne serait-ce qu’abordé en une seule année… Il sera repris lors d’un séminaire ultérieur1. Jean Calvin et Genève, la France, la Suisse et l’Ecosse ont été au programme de cette première année. La lenteur de notre approche tient surtout au fait qu’il a paru indispensable de s’intéresser, en guise d’introduction générale, à Calvin lui-même et à certains aspects de son œuvre et de son destin.
Contextes et enjeux de la « réforme » (‘islâh) dans la pensée islamique moderne et contemporaine
Authors: Janjar Mohamed Sghir
Published: September 2020

Quatre conférences ont été données en 2019, consacrées à l’étude des significations et usages des notions ‘islâh (« réforme ») et tajdîd (« renouvellement ») dans le contexte de l’islam arabe sunnite aux xixe et xxe siècles. Les idées qui y sont développées répondent à une double motivation : d’un côté, essayer de comprendre les enjeux, les continuités et les ruptures qui marquent les usages de ces deux notions centrales dans l’islam contemporain, et d’un autre côté, tenter de donner écho à des débats intellectuels autour des reformulations d’un discours moderne sur l’islam dans les sociétés de la rive sud de la Méditerranée, auxquels le conférencier a eu l’occasion de participer.
Asian soybean rust control in response to rainfall simulation after fungicide application
Authors: Chechi Amanda , Deuner Carolina Cardoso , Forcelini Carlos Alberto , Boller Walter
Published: September 2020

Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) is the main disease that affects soybean in Brazil. Fungicide applications are the main control method, but they can be influenced by the occurrence of rain. We aimed to study the control of Asian soybean rust in response to the occurrence of simulated rainfall at different times after fungicide application. The penetrant fungicides trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole (60 + 70 g a.i. ha-1) and azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (60 + 30 g a.i. ha-1) and the nonpenetrant fungicides mancozeb (1,500 g a.i. ha-1), chlorothalonil (1,440 g a.i. ha-1), and copper oxychloride (672 g a.i. ha-1) were tested using two spray volumes: 70 and 150 L ha-1. Rain was simulated from 30 to 240 minutes after fungicide application. Soybean leaflets were collected and inoculated with a spore suspension of P. pachyrhizi (5.0 x 104 mL-1) and incubated in plastic boxes for 20 days. The trials were repeated twice. Nonpenetrant fungicides were more susceptible to rain washing, mainly when the 70 L ha-1 spray volume was used. For the penetrative fungicides, the best control percentages were obtained when the rainfall occurred between 120 and 180 minutes after application, while the protective fungicides had the best control percentages when the rainfall occurred approximately 240 minutes after application. The Asian rust control is affected by the characteristics of the fungicide applied, by the time interval between fungicide application and rain occurrence and by the spray volume.
Heterosis for the root distribution trait in common bean
Authors: Grigolo Sibila , Melo Rita Carolina de , Fioreze Ana Carolina da Costa Lara , Guidolin Altamir Frederico , Coimbra Jefferson Luís Meirelles
Published: September 2020

Heterosis has been one of the most studied phenomena since genetic studies were conceived. Knowledge of this phenomenon for the root distribution trait in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) can favour the development of genotypes that are more tolerant to abiotic stresses. This study aimed to verify the occurrence of heterosis for the root distribution trait in hybrid F1 populations of common bean derived from crosses within and between gene groups. Thirty-six populations (six parents and 30 hybrids) were evaluated under field conditions in the agricultural years 2016/17 and 2017/18. The root distribution was assessed with the adapted Bohm method. The genotypes responded similarly to environmental changes (absence of an interaction). However, the root distribution differed significantly between the agricultural years. Comparisons between the mean of hybrids from crosses within each gene pool and the mean of parents did not reveal heterosis. The comparisons between gene groups showed significant differences only between BRS Embaixador x IPR Uirapuru, CBS 14 x IPR Uirapuru, and BAF 53 x IPR Uirapuru and the mean of parents. The absence of heterosis in the root trait can be explained by the degree of kinship between the gene groups, as well as some epistatic interactions.
DOF/DAF comparison for the treatment of milk industry wastewater
Authors: Pereira Magno Dos Santos , Borges Alisson Carraro , Muniz Gustavo Lopes , Heleno Fernanda Fernandes , Faroni Lêda Rita D'Antonino
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of dissolved ozone flotation (DOF) in comparison to dissolved air flotation (DAF) for treatment of milk industry wastewater (MW). In the first phase of the experiment, a synthetic milk wastewater (SMW) was used to evaluate DOF and DAF, with and without addition of hydrogen peroxide, at pH 4.0 and pH 11.4. In the DOF tests, the concentration of ozone was equal to 19 (± 0.5) mg L-1 and in the tests with addition of hydrogen peroxide, the H2O2/O3 ratios tested were 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5. In the second phase, tests were performed using three MW from three different industries to validate the results obtained and to determine the DOF system's ability to treat this type of effluent. The parameters tested during validation were turbidity, total suspended solids, oils and greases (O&G), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). It was observed that the efficiency of the treatments was better at pH 4.0. The results showed a reduction of the efficiency with the use of DOF. The addition of H2O2 in DAF and DOF also resulted in reduced system efficiency. The results obtained with SMW only approximated those obtained with the MW from one of the industries that contained the largest traces of milk and cheese.
Contraction of Dirac matrices via chord diagrams
Authors: Golz Marcel
Published: September 2020

Chord diagrams and combinatorics of word algebras are used to model products of Diracmatrices, their traces, and contractions. A simple formula for the result of arbitrary contractions is derived, simplifying and extending an old contraction algorithm due to Kahane. This formula is then used to express the Schwinger parametric integrand of a QED Feynman integral in a much simplified form, with the entire internal tensor structure eliminated. Possible next steps for further simplification, including a specific conjecture, are discussed.
Multi-linear regression model for chlorine consumption by waters
Authors: Zhu Guocheng , Zhang Shanshan , Bian Yongning , Hursthouse Andrew S
Published: September 2020

In drinking water treatment, disinfection is a key step to ensure the safety of water quality and people's health but little is known of the relationship between chlorine consumption and water matrix properties from varied sources (BWM). In this study, we measured the fluorescence from fractions of NOM (FFN) for the relevant BWM. This included the evaluation of three components: the chlorine-dependence factor (CDF) (DOC and NH3-N), the BWM (such as NO3-, NO2- and turbidity), and FFN (I-V fluorescence fractions). Multi-linear regression model was used to fit the data. Results showed that when using the CDF, BWM and FNN, in the prediction of chlorine consumption showed the (R2) values were 0.72, 0.71 and 0.41, respectively. While the FNN did not fit the model well it did enhance the model using CDF by 11.26%. The FNN is not effective in enhancement of the BWM response to the model. Combination of the CDF, BWM and FNN or that of the CDF and BWM were both effective in prediction of chlorine consumption.
Les survivants d’une tumeur cérébrale et d’un traumatisme cranio-cérébral sont-ils si différents? Une revue systématisée de la littérature
Authors: Arneberg-Joncas Justine , Blais Marie-Claude
Published: September 2020

Le traumatisme craniocérébral (TCC) et les tumeurs cérébrales (TC) sont deux atteintes cérébrales acquises (ACA) pouvant entrainer d’importantes répercussions à long terme. Peu d’études ont décrit le vécu à l’âge adulte des personnes ayant subi un TCC ou une TC pédiatrique et, à ce jour, aucune d’elles n’a comparé ces deux populations. Cette revue de la littérature décrit et compare les répercussions sur les plans cognitif, psychosocial et socioprofessionnel de ces deux types d’ACA. Une recension des écrits a permis de sélectionner 13 et 17 études réalisées auprès d’adultes (18-35 ans) ayant subi, respectivement, un TCC et une TC pendant l’enfance. Ces deux populations cliniques présentent un risque élevé de vivre encore à l’âge adulte des difficultés cognitives et psychosociales susceptibles de nuire au fonctionnement quotidien et socioprofessionnel. Une connaissance plus approfondie des caractéristiques similaires et distinctes aux deux populations pourrait permettre d’améliorer les interventions et les ressources qui leur sont offertes.
La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive est-elle efficace pour traiter les troubles anxieux?
Authors: Parent Mélissandre , Blanchette Isabelle
Published: September 2020

Un tiers des personnes souffrant d’un trouble anxieux ne répond pas aux traitements conventionnels. La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive (SMTr) pourrait être un traitement complémentaire ou alternatif pour tenter de soigner ces personnes. Dans cet article, nous décrivons l’état des connaissances actuelles dans ce domaine de recherche émergeant concernant l’efficacité du traitement de la SMTr pour traiter certains troubles anxieux (selon le DSM-IV-TR). Le trouble de stress post-traumatique, le trouble obsessionnel-compulsif et le trouble panique sont les troubles anxieux les plus étudiés en lien avec la SMTr. De façon générale, les résultats montrent que la SMTr pourrait être efficace, mais à certaines conditions. Nous identifions les conditions d’efficacité, incluant les paramètres critiques utilisés dans le traitement par la SMTr. Nous identifions aussi les limites des études réalisées à ce jour et les pistes de recherche prometteuses pour la suite.