bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRECISE‐DAPT: A tool to measure if Afib patients may risk being stretched too thin
Authors: Kaleta Francois P. , Gilchrist Ian C.
Published: November 2021

Key Points

Atrial fibrillation is a co‐morbidity for PCI patients that may complicate risk‐benefit decisions for antithrombotic therapy.

Recently developed PRECISE‐DAPT score may be useful in judging the bleeding risk of atrial fibrillation patients undergoing PCI.

Optimal tools to understand bleeding risk from both pharmacologic and device choices continue to be a need in the PCI population.
Functional coronary angiography for coronary microvascular function: the time has come!
Authors: Quesada Odayme , Henry Timothy D.
Published: November 2021

Key Points

Coronary microvascular function testing using functional coronary angiography (FCA) is underutilized for patients with an unmet need.

92% of patients undergoing FCA had an abnormal coronary microvascular pathway identified and 39% had abnormalities in all pathways tested demonstrating the complexity of the microvasculature.

Call to action: (1) standardize terminology and definitions in microvascular dysfunction; (2) standardize FCA protocols; 3) investigate the agreement and interaction between different measures of microvasculature function.
Tuberculous shadow in Klebsiella oxytoca pneumonia: An unexpected denouement
Authors: Kinjo Takeshi , Hanaki Yusuke , Nakamoto Atsushi , Fujita Jiro
Published: November 2021

Urgent response is required in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases for infection control, and chest image is the first step to suspect PTB. This case shows an unexpected exception and importance of molecular testing for definite diagnosis.
Kältemittel in Wärmepumpen für die Gebäudeheizung: Ökologische Auswirkungen im gesamten Lebenszyklus
Authors: Vering Christian , Schwarz Dominik , Stefaniak Patric , Venzik Valerius , Müller Dirk
Published: November 2021

Wärmepumpen lösen im Gebäudesektor vermehrt konventionelle Heizsysteme ab. Da Wärmepumpen im Betrieb neben elektrischer Energie ein Kältemittel verwenden, das ein Treibhauspotenzial besitzt, ist die Abschätzung ihrer Emissionen über den Lebenszyklus komplexer als bei konventionellen Technologien. In diesem Beitrag werden ökologische Bewertungsmethoden vorgestellt und eine Berechnung der direkten, indirekten und grauen Emissionen für ein repräsentatives Szenario durchgeführt. Die Emissionen einer Wärmepumpe zur Beheizung eines typischen Referenzgebäudes sind 2020 in Deutschland 13 % geringer als die eines konventionellen Gaskessels. Mit einer Sensitivitätsanalyse werden relevante Einflüsse zur weiteren Emissionsreduktion identifiziert. Für eine integrale Betrachtung weiterer Auswirkungen wird ein ganzheitliches life cycle assessment empfohlen.
Verbindung ins Feld
Authors: Gupta Vibhoosh
Published: November 2021

|In der industriellen Automatisierung setzt sich die Ethernet‐Kommunikation immer mehr durch. Die Entscheidung, welches Industrieprotokoll für welche Architekturebene am besten geeignet ist, liegt jedoch immer noch beim Nutzer.
Ortsunabhängig, effektiv und ‐sicher
Authors: Birmelin Michael
Published: November 2021

Die nächste Generation der Dulconnex Blue App für Android und iOS von Prominent verwandelt ein Smartphone oder Tablet in ein zentrales Steuerungselement. Sie ermöglicht, Pumpen und Systeme ortsunabhängig und sicher zu steuern. Eine zuverlässige Verbindung erfolgt via Bluetooth‐‐Schnittstelle mit dem Mobilgerät.
Ammoniak einfach dosiert
Authors: Müller Martin
Published: November 2021

In einem Kraftwerk in Bolivien kommt ein Dosiersystem für die Ammoniak‐behandlung des Kesselwassers zum Einsatz. Zur Realisierung des Projekts arbeitete der Anlagenbauer MPT mit den Automatisierungsexperten von Jumo in Fulda eng zusammen.
Funktionelle Füllstoffe mit energieeffizienter Strahlmühle
Authors: Mayer Veronika
Published: November 2021

Ein hoher Anspruch an das Produkt und an eine nachhaltige Produktionsweise werden auch an Mahltechniken gelegt. Moderne Spiralstrahlmühlen sind heute bei der Mikronisierung hochlamellarer Füllstoffe etabliert. Mit der Entwicklung des EEU Systems (Enhanced Energy Utilization) konnte der Wirkungsgrad und damit die Energieeffizienz der PMT Spiralstrahlmühle verbessert werden.
Wasserstoffeinspeicherung mit bestehenden Erdgasverdichtern
Authors: Lenz Johann
Published: November 2021

Damit der Umstieg auf Wasserstoff gelingt: Die neue Systemlösung von Kötter Solutions sichert den Betrieb von Erdgasnetzen und GDRM‐Anlagen auch bei einem steigenden Anteil des nachhaltigen Energieträgers. Die von Kötter Consulting Engineers gemeinsam mit Beckhoff Automation entwickelte Online‐Überwachung misst permanent wichtige Schwingungsparameter an den elementaren Schnittstellen der Anlagen. Damit die Sicherheit der sensiblen Systeme langfristig erhalten bleibt, berät der Spezialist für Schall‐ und Schwingungstechnik auf Basis der Messdaten bei der Problembehebung und gibt remote Hilfestellungen. Nach einem erfolgreichen Pilotprojekt überwacht das System bereits eine GDRM‐Anlage in Norddeutschland.
Voltammetric Behaviour of LMO at the Nanoscale: A Map of Reversibility and Diffusional Limitations
Authors: Gavilán‐Arriazu Edgardo M. , Mercer Michael P. , Barraco Daniel E. , Hoster Harry E. , Leiva Ezequiel P. M.
Published: November 2021

Understanding and optimizing single particle rate behaviour is normally challenging in composite commercial lithium‐ion electrode materials. In this regard, recent experimental research has addressed the electrochemical Li‐ion intercalation in individual nanosized particles. Here, we present a thorough theoretical analysis of the Li+ intercalation voltammetric behaviour in single nano/micro‐scale LiMn2O4 (LMO) particles, incorporating realistic interactions between inserted ions. A transparent 2‐dimensional zone diagram representation of kinetic‐diffusional behaviour is provided that allows rapid diagnosis of the reversibility and diffusion length of the system depending on the particle geometry. We provide an Excel file where the boundary lines of the zone diagram can be rapidly recalculated by setting input values of the rate constant,
and diffusion coefficient,
. The model framework elucidates the heterogeneous behaviour of nanosized particles with similar sizes but different shapes. Hence, we present here an outlook for realistic multiscale modelling of real materials.
How Scientists Perceive CRISPR's Translational Promise and the Implications for Individuals with Genetic Conditions
Authors: Halpern Jodi , O'Hara Sharon E. , Owen Aleksa L. , Paolo David
Published: November 2021

CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) somatic genome editing, an important promissory technology, presents a case study of the movement of basic scientists into translational research. In this paper, we explore how scientists experience the pulls of CRISPR's power and the pushes of economic and societal pressures in adopting new translational roles. Given basic scientists' emerging contact with and influence upon individuals with genetic conditions, we also examine how scientists understand the perspectives of affected populations, both as potential subjects of early experiments and as the patients who could receive future treatments. Finally, we consider the ethical implications of our findings and call for innovative approaches to translational research that help scientists engage with people with genetic conditions in early translational research.
The Future State: Part I
Authors: DeCotis Paul A.
Published: November 2021

For years and across multiple generations, humans have tried to predict the future. Some of the innovations and ways of life imagined then are now a routine part of life. Yet, they started out as prophesies of what could be imagined as possible someday. Humans had some wild predictions that are now commonplace. “The Jetsons” animated television series of 1962–1963, for example, foresaw several innovations that overtime came to be realized and are now common. Star Trek and other popular shows and books continued the trend of imagining the future. In the energy industry today's politicians and business leaders are reimaging the energy sector—where energy comes from, how it is delivered and used, how it is paid for, and how it can continue to be provided safely and reliably as a public good.
Physical and Financial Hedging of Natural Gas
Authors: Russo Thomas N.
Published: November 2021

The prices of natural gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG) has increased since the COVID‐19 lockdowns began in early 2020. Global natural gas prices are now relatively high ranging between $5.60 per million British Thermal Units (MMBtu) in the US and $33/MMBtu in Europe and Asia, compared to $3.00/MMBtu since just before COVID lockdowns.
Assessment of the van der Waals, Hubbard U parameter and spin‐orbit coupling corrections on the 2D/3D structures from metal gold congeners clusters
Authors: Piotrowski Maurício J. , Orenha Renato P. , Parreira Renato L. T. , Guedes‐Sobrinho Diego
Published: November 2021

The coinage‐metal clusters possess a natural complexity in their theoretical treatment that may be accompanied by inherent shortcomings in the methodological approach. Herein, we performed a scalar‐relativistic density functional theory study, considering Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) with (empirical and semi empirical) van der Waals (vdW), spin‐orbit coupling (SOC), +U (Hubbard term), and their combinations, to treat the , , and clusters in different structural motifs. The energetic scenario is given by the confirmation of the 3D lowest energy configurations for and within all approaches, while for there is a 2D/3D competition, depending on the applied correction. The 2D geometry is 0.43 eV more stable with plain PBE than the 3D one, the SOC, +U, and/or vdW inclusion decreases the overestimated stability of the planar configurations, where the most surprising result is found by the D3 and D3BJ vdW corrections, for which the 3D configuration is 0.29 and 0.11 eV, respectively, more stable than the 2D geometry (with even higher values when SOC and/or +U are added). The D3 dispersion correction represents 7.9% (4.4%) of the total binding energy for the 3D (2D) configuration, (not) being enough to change the hybridization and the position of the occupied ‐states. Our predictions are in agreement with experimental results and in line with the best results obtained for bulk systems, as well as with hybrid functionals within D3 corrections. The properties description undergoes small corrections with the different approaches, where general trends are maintained, that is, the average bond length is smaller (larger) for lower (higher)‐coordinated structures, since a same number of electrons are shared by a smaller (larger) number of bonds, consequently, the bonds are stronger (weaker) and shorter (longer) and the hybridization index is larger (smaller). Thus, Au has a distinct behavior in relation to its lighter congeners, with a complex potential energy surface, where in addition to the relevant relativistic effects, correlation and dispersion effects must also be considered.
Associations of CYP2B6 genetic polymorphisms with Hirschsprung’s disease in a southern Chinese population
Authors: Liu Yanqing , Lan Chaoting , Li Bingxiao , Wang Ning , Zuo Xiaoyu , Huang Lihua , Wu Yuxin , Zhu Yun
Published: November 2021

Background

Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is an enteric nervous system birth defect partially caused by a genetic disorder. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6 (CYP2B6) gene are reported to be associated with HSCR.

Methods

We evaluated the association of rs2054675, rs707265, and rs1042389 with HSCR susceptibility in southern Chinese children including 1470 HSCR patients and 1473 controls using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay.

Results

rs2054675 C allele and the rs707265 G allele were risk SNPs for total colonic aganglionosis (OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.29 ~ 2.55, P_adj < 0.001 and OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.48 ~ 0.97, P_adj = 0.034). These results suggested that CYP2B6 rs2054675 and rs707265 polymorphisms were associated with increased susceptibility to the severe HSCR subtype in southern Chinese children.

Conclusion

We suggest that CYP2B6 rs2054675 and rs707265 polymorphisms are associated with increased susceptibility to the severe HSCR subtype in southern Chinese children.
GaAsBi: From Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth to Devices
Authors: Richards Robert D. , Bailey Nicholas J. , Liu Yuchen , Rockett Thomas B. O. , Mohmad Abdul R.
Published: November 2021

GaAsBi has been researched as a candidate material for optoelectronic devices for around two decades. Bi‐induced localized states induce a rapid rising of the valence band edge through a band anticrossing interaction, which has a profound effect on the bandgap and the spin–orbit splitting. The band engineering possible, even with just a few percent bismuth, makes GaAsBi an attractive material for THz emitters, telecommunication lasers, and low noise photodetectors, among other devices. There has been substantial progress in some of these areas; however, progress toward many of the potential applications of GaAsBi has been hindered by device quality issues, brought about by the low substrate temperatures necessary for the growth of GaAsBi with sufficiently large Bi fractions. This review, presents an overview of the applications for which GaAsBi has been advocated and the key results in these areas. The molecular beam epitaxy growth and postgrowth processing of GaAsBi are then explored as well as the novel techniques that have been suggested to improve material quality.
Measuring Energy Gaps of Organic Semiconductors by Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopies
Authors: Chen Nan , Wang Dengke , Hu Juntao , Guan Lifan , Lu Zheng-Hong
Published: November 2021

Herein is explored the use of electron energy loss due to π–π* transition to measure energy gaps of organic semiconductors. Sources of kinetic electrons studied include an external electron gun (reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS)) and an internal core shell excitation by X‐rays (i.e., X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)). To obtain the bandgap accurately, a data analysis method is proposed to extract the optical bandgap from the π–π* inelastic electron energy loss spectra. This method uses a Gaussian function to fit experimental data yielding a peak width w and position E0. The energy gap of an organic semiconductor, i.e., the onset of the π–π* transition peak, can then be calculated by . Through examination of 11 organic semiconductors, it is found that the bandgaps measured by REELS agree well with optical bandgaps. The bandgaps measured by XPS, however, do not always agree with optical gaps. This indicates that the XPS π–π* inelastic peak in some material systems may convolute with other core shell processes such as shake‐up. In addition, it is shown that all key energy structures of an organic semiconductor can be measured concurrently by REELS and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy.
Both spontaneous vaginal delivery and elective caesarean section influence neonatal redox status in dogs
Authors: de Almeida Leticia Lima , Abreu Renata Azevedo de , Brito Maíra Morales , Gardés Thayná Pantoja , Flores Renato Bueno , Rosa Filho Roberto Rodrigues da , Vannucchi Camila Infantosi
Published: November 2021

Background

The influence of birth mode on redox balance is unknown in dogs. We aimed to compare antioxidant activity and oxidative stress of puppies born by elective c‐section or vaginal delivery.

Methods

Twenty‐one bitches were elected for spontaneous vaginal delivery (n = 10) and elective cesarean section (n = 11) groups, considering only the first and last puppies born. Neonatal oxygen saturation, lactatemia, superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant capacity; marker of oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]) and protein oxidation were analysed at birth, 1 h, 12 h, 24 h and 72 h.

Results

C‐section newborns had lower oximetry at birth and 1 h. Lactatemia was higher in the last vaginal delivery puppies and higher at birth, and 1 h. Regardless of birth mode, last puppies had hyperlactatemia at birth. Vaginal delivery puppies had higher TBARS, while protein oxidation was higher in c‐section, mostly in last puppies. C‐section puppies had higher GPx activity, whereas GSH concentration decreased overtime. Surgically born puppies had lowering SOD between 12 h and 72 h.

Conclusions

Vaginal delivery enhances lipid peroxidation, counteracted mostly by GPx. Conversely, c‐section triggers protein oxidation, acutely scavenged by SOD and GSH, thus puppies are less exposed to the negative consequences of oxidative stress.
Interview with Ludwig Reich
Authors: Kräuter Arnold R.
Published: November 2021

On the occasion of his 80th birthday, Ludwig Reich, editor-in-chief of Aequationes Mathematicae from 1996 to 2008, gave an interview conducted via Zoom. This paper presents his answers to several questions regarding his education and academic life.
Sugammadex in systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Becerra-Bolaños A. , Muiño-Palomar V. , Cabrera-Doreste S. , Rodríguez-Pérez A.
Published: November 2021

Perioperative management in patients suffering from systemic mastocytosis is challenging. Most recommendations regarding anesthetic management in these patients are based on clinical reports, and there are controversies about the use of rocuronium and sugammadex. We present a case report of a patient with systemic mastocytosis who was given sugammadex for rocuronium reversal. Tryptase levels were monitored during the first postoperative 24 h, without evidence of elevation. We also performed a systematic review to provide an overview of current evidence regarding the safety of using sugammadex in patients suffering from systemic mastocytosis. The search strategy included PubMed and Google Scholar. All studies published up to and including January 2021 concerning anesthetic management in systemic mastocytosis were included. Of the 122 articles located, 9 articles were included: 2 reviews and 7 case reports. Data from reviewed studies confirm that sugammadex can safely be administered in patients suffering from systemic mastocytosis.
Incidence, Treatment and Outcome of Patients with Retroperitoneal Soft‐Tissue Sarcoma in Switzerland 2005–2015: A Population‐Based Analysis
Authors: Willburger Johanna C. F. , von Strauss Marco , Peterson Caspar J. , Glass Tracy R. , Kettelhack Christoph
Published: November 2021

Background

Reports on the epidemiology and mortality of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma (RSTS) in Switzerland are scarce. This study investigates the incidence and outcomes of surgically treated RSTS inpatients in Switzerland depending on the hospital type and size.

Methods

Data from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office were used to conduct a retrospective analysis of all RSTS inpatients and hospitalizations in Switzerland between 2005 and 2015. RSTS was identified by the code C48.x of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐10). Sarcoma centers were identified by the annual total number of sarcoma patients (> 50 patients/year). The analysis of yearly incidence, age distribution as well as in‐hospital complication and mortality was performed for non‐ and surgical‐treated patients. A centralization of treating sarcoma patients was analyzed by the trend of hospitalizations in sarcoma centers and high‐volume hospitals.

Results

During 2005–2015, 2.801 hospitalizations (1651 patients) were admitted to Swiss hospitals with the primary diagnosis of a RSTS. The yearly number of RSTS patients and the incidence (1.91/100.000) stayed constant within these 11 years. There were five sarcoma centers. We saw a clear trend of RSTS patients being treated (especially surgically) in centers over the 11 years. The complication rate of surgical‐treated patients was higher in sarcoma centers (55% vs. 40%), though the overall mortality rate was lower (3.2% vs. 9.1%).

Conclusion

Centralization of RSTS treatment to certified sarcoma centers leads to a lower overall mortality rate and thus is highly recommended.
Experience of stigmatization in children receiving inpatient and outpatient mental health treatment: a longitudinal study
Authors: Kaushik Anya , Papachristou Efstathios , Telesia Laurence , Dima Danai , Fewings Sandra , Kostaki Evgenia , Gaete Jorge , Ploubidis George B. , Kyriakopoulos Marinos
Published: November 2021

Mental health-related stigma is poorly understood, and minimal research has focused on the experience of stigma from children’s perspectives. We sought to investigate whether children treated as inpatients and outpatients had different experiences of stigma over time and whether stigma is linked to global functioning cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Children, aged 8–12 years, receiving treatment within a national specialist mental health inpatient unit were matched for age, gender and diagnosis with children receiving outpatient treatment (N = 64). Validated measures of stigma, global functioning and symptom severity were collected at the start of treatment and upon discharge from the ward for inpatients, and a similar timeframe for their individually matched outpatients. Latent change score models and partial correlation coefficients were employed to test our hypotheses. No differences in most aspects of stigma between children treated as inpatients and outpatients were observed, except for personal rejection at baseline and self-stigma at follow-up favouring outpatients. A reduction in stigma was observed in societal devaluation, personal rejection and secrecy for inpatients, and self-stigma and secrecy for outpatients between the two assessments. Societal devaluation declined at a higher rate among inpatients compared to outpatients, albeit reductions in stigma were comparable for all remaining measures. No association was found between the change in stigma and change in global functioning. Future research may offer further insights into the development and maintenance of stigma and identify key targets for anti-stigma interventions to reduce its long-term impact.
The social gradient in adolescent mental health: mediated or moderated by belief in a just world?
Authors: Weinberg Dominic , Stevens Gonneke W. J. M. , Peeters Margot , Visser Kirsten , Tigchelaar Jet , Finkenauer Catrin
Published: November 2021

Purpose

A social gradient in adolescent mental health exists: adolescents with higher socioeconomic status (SES) have fewer mental health problems than their peers with lower SES. Little is known about whether adolescents’ societal beliefs play a role in this social gradient. Belief in a just world (BJW) may be a mediator or moderator of the social gradient in adolescent mental health.

Methods

Using data from 848 adolescents (Mage = 17) in the Netherlands, path analyses examined whether two indicators of BJW (general and personal) mediated or moderated the associations between two indicators of SES (family affluence and perceived family wealth), and four indicators of adolescent mental health problems (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems).

Results

Adolescents with lower family affluence and lower perceived family wealth reported more emotional symptoms, and the association between perceived family wealth and emotional symptoms was mediated by lower personal and general BJW. Furthermore, higher personal BJW amplified the negative association between SES and peer problems.

Conclusion

This study suggests BJW may both mediate and amplify the social gradient in adolescent mental health. Adolescents’ beliefs about society may be important to include in research aimed at understanding this social gradient.
Zur Aktualität von Otto Friedrich Bollnows Mensch und Raum
Authors: Hasse Jürgen
Published: November 2021

Vor rund 60 Jahren ist das Buch Mensch und Raum von Otto Friedrich Bollnow erstmals erschienen. Der folgende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, inwieweit die Überlegungen des Philosophen (unter bestimmten Aspekten) noch heute aktuell sind. Bollnows Raum-Verständnis weicht in seiner phänomenologischen Orientierung geradezu grundlegend vom heute vorherrschenden sozialwissenschaftlichen Raumdenken ab. Umso mehr regt Bollnow dazu an, die Lehren des wissenschaftlichen Mainstream kritisch gegen den Strich zu lesen. Ins Zentrum der Suche nach heute möglicherweise bedeutsamen Themen und Methoden des Denkens rückt das Wohnen. Wie denkt Bollnow das Wohnen, und was sagt uns dies in einer Zeit, in der die Menschen ganz anders wohnen als in den 1950er Jahren? Brücken zu methodologisch benachbarten Theorien und Philosophen werden ebenso geschlagen (z. B. Heidegger, Dürckheim, Müller-Freienfels) wie zu anderen thematisch relevanten Arbeiten von Bollnow.
Accurate Simulation of Sun’s Rotation Might Illuminate Solar Cycle
Authors: Hornyak Tim
Published: November 2021

Scientists have known for 400 years about a particularity in the way the Sun rotates. It took the world’s most powerful supercomputer to accurately simulate it.
Genome-informed loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for specific detection of Pectobacterium parmentieri in infected potato tissues and soil
Authors: Domingo Ryan , Perez Cristian , Klair Diksha , Vu Huong , Candelario-Tochiki Alika , Wang Xupeng , Camson Amihan , Uy Jaclyn Nicole , Salameh Mouauia , Arizala Dario , Dobhal Shefali , Boluk Gamze , Bingham Jon-Paul , Ochoa-Corona Francisco , Ali Md Emran , Stack James P. , Fletcher Jacqueline , Odani Jenee , Jenkins Daniel , Alvarez Anne M. , Arif Mohammad
Published: November 2021

Pectobacterium parmentieri (formerly Pectobacterium wasabiae), which causes soft rot disease in potatoes, is a newly established species of pectinolytic bacteria within the family Pectobacteriaceae. Despite serious damage caused to the potato industry worldwide, no field-deployable diagnostic tests are available to detect the pathogen in plant samples. In this study, we aimed to develop a reliable, rapid, field-deployable loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the specific detection of P. parmentieri. Specific LAMP primers targeting the petF1 gene region, found in P. parmentieri but no other Pectobacterium spp., were designed and validated in silico and in vitro using extensive inclusivity (15 strains of P. parmentieri) and exclusivity (94 strains including all other species in the genus Pectobacterium and host DNA) panels. No false positives or negatives were detected when the assay was tested directly with bacterial colonies, and with infected plant and soil samples. Sensitivity (analytical) assays using serially diluted bacterial cell lysate and purified genomic DNA established the detection limit at 10 CFU/mL and 100 fg (18–20 genome copies), respectively, even in the presence of host crude DNA. Consistent results obtained by multiple users/operators and field tests suggest the assay’s applicability to routine diagnostics, seed certification programs, biosecurity, and epidemiological studies.
Short-interval intracortical inhibition and facilitation targeting upper and lower limb muscles
Authors: Mrachacz-Kersting Natalie , Stevenson Andrew James Thomas , Ziemann Ulf
Published: November 2021

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be used to study excitability of corticospinal neurons in human motor cortex. It is currently not fully elucidated if corticospinal neurons in the hand vs. leg representation show the same or different regulation of their excitability by GABAAergic and glutamatergic interneuronal circuitry. Using a paired-pulse TMS protocol we tested short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and short-interval intracortical facilitation (SICF) in 18 healthy participants. Motor evoked potentials were evoked in one hand (abductor digiti minimi) and one leg muscle (tibialis anterior), with systematic variation of the intensities of the first (S1) and second (S2) pulse between 60 and 140% resting motor threshold (RMT) in 10% steps, at two interstimulus intervals of 1.5 and 2.1 ms. For the hand and leg motor representations and for both interstimulus intervals, SICI occurred if the intensities of S1 < RMT and S2 > RMT, while SICF predominated if S1 = S2 ≤ RMT, or S1 > RMT and S2 < RMT. Findings confirm and extend previous evidence that the regulation of excitability of corticospinal neurons of the hand versus leg representation in human primary cortex through GABAAergic and glutamatergic interneuronal circuits is highly similar, and that corticospinal neurons of both representations are activated by TMS transsynaptically in largely identical ways.
Stick, stretch, and scan imaging method for DNA and filaments
Authors: Zeng Qiuling , Gao Yuanyuan , Yu Hong , Zhu Wei , Wang Qi , Long Quan , Fan Zhuo , Xiao Botao
Published: November 2021

Magnetic force was applied to stretch single DNAs and cells which were stuck to magnetic beads and substrates via simple conjugation methods. Scanning electron microscopy images show that the filopodia of cells were pulled to extraordinary length.
Photoluminescence, thermal and surface properties of triarylimidazole-containing polyimide nanocomposite films
Authors: Bai Wu , Lu Yunhua , Hu Zhizhi , Xiao Guoyong , Zhao Hongbin , Zhu Jianmin , Liu Zhaobin
Published: November 2021

Three series of triarylimidazole-containing polyimide nanocomposite films were prepared via thermal imidization. Due to the introduction of inorganic nanoparticles including SiO2, Al2O3 and Si3N4, the fluorescence intensities of these composite films were clearly increased.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone gel based Pt/Ni(OH)2 heterostructures with redistributing charges for enhanced alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Li Jin , Li Bo , Huang He , Yan Shuo , Yuan Changzhou , Wu Naiteng , Guo Donglei , Liu Xianming
Published: November 2021

Based on the synergy between PVP gel and Pt/Ni(OH)2 heterostructure, Pt/Ni(OH)2 heterostructure encapsulated in PVP gel was synthesized with an overpotential of 12 mV, Tafel slope of 21.5 mV dec−1, and stability for 50 h in alkaline solution.
Flexible one-dimensional Zn-based electrochemical energy storage devices: recent progress and future perspectives
Authors: Zhai Shengli , Jiang Zhuosheng , Chen Xuncai , Hui Kwun Nam , Chen Fuming
Published: November 2021

This review article summarizes the development of one-dimensional Zn-based electrochemical energy storage devices. The existing obstacles are diagnosed, corresponding solutions are proposed, and future research directions are indicated accordingly.
Unraveling divalent pillar effects for the prolonged cycling of high-energy-density cathodes
Authors: Kang Byungwook , Kim Hyungjun , Kim Myungkyu , Kim Duho , Cho Maenghyo
Published: November 2021

The cycle-life enhancing mechanism of Mg-doped LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) is investigated to unravel divalent pillar effects. The doped Mg atoms effectively mitigate lattice misfits and lower the phase transition barrier in the biphasic region.
Highly sensitive solid chemical sensor for veterinary drugs based on the synergism between hydrogen bonds and low-dimensional polymer networks
Authors: Kuang Junhua , Yang Jie , Liu Kai , Zhao Zhiyuan , Shi Wei , Shao Mingchao , Bian Yangshuang , Liu Yanwei , Chen Jinyang , Qin Mingcong , Jiang Lang , Dong Jichen , Guo Yunlong , Liu Yunqi
Published: November 2021

To realize the direct and prompt detection of solid veterinary drug additives (VDAs), we prepared a highly sensitive solid sensor based on the synergism between hydrogen bonds and low-dimensional polymer networks to enable a detection limit below 1 ppm.
Effective surface passivation with 4-bromo-benzonitrile to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Li Jiahui , Gao Fei , Wen Jialun , Xu Zhuo , Zhang Chaoqun , Hua Xiaodong , Cai Xuediao , Li Yuanrui , Shi Bonan , Han Yu , Ren Xiaodong , Liu Shengzhong (Frank)
Published: November 2021

An organic molecule, 4-bromo-benzonitrile (PBBN), is used on (FAPbI3)0.95(MAPbBr3)0.05 perovskite films for surface and grain-boundary defect passivation, and the photovoltaic performance of this perovskite solar cell is enhanced significantly.
Design and transient experimental analysis of a pulsed brushless doubly fed alternator in a capacitor charge power supply system
Authors: Yu Kexun , Zhao Tantan , Xie Xianfei , Guo Songlin
Published: November 2021

There is an urgent need to develop a robust capacitor charge power supply (CCPS) system to meet the requirement of pulsed load in all‐weather mobile occasions such as vehicle, ship and aircraft. Brushless doubly fed alternator (BDFA) works through the rotor's pole pairs' transformation to get excitation indirectly, without magnets, brushes and slip rings. Both DC and AC excitation can be used. Therefore, it has high reliability and a good application prospect in the CCPS system. However, the existing research studies lack analysis of the parameters that affect charging performance, and have no experimental analysis of the prototype. To solve this problem, a comprehensive design method and experimental procedure of the pulsed BDFA are proposed and investigated. First, the operation principle of the pulsed BDFA is illustrated. Then, the charging performances under different design schemes are comparatively analysed through the finite element analysis (FEA). Finally, a prototype of the pulsed BDFA is manufactured, and the related experiments are carried out. The results verify the feasibility of the experimental procedure and the accuracy of FEA. The comprehensive design method and experimental procedure in this work provide a straightforward reference for the subsequent applications in the CCPS system.
Unimodular multiple‐input‐multiple‐output radar wave‐form design with desired correlation properties
Authors: Huang Zhongrui , Shi Yingchun , Tang Bo , Zhang Junning
Published: November 2021

Unimodular waveforms with good correlation properties are desired for multiple‐input‐multiple‐output radar to achieve an increased transmitting/receiving virtual aperture. In this study, a new optimisation framework is introduced to design waveforms with good correlations. It is shown that many existing waveform design problems can be incorporated into this framework. Since the considered problem is in general highly non‐linear and non‐convex, an iterative optimisation method based on majorisation‐minimisation is developed. By carefully devising the surrogate function, the only requirement is to deal with a series of simple problems, which have closed‐form solutions. The proposed algorithm can be implemented via fast Fourier transform and hence is computationally efficient. In addition, the proposed algorithm is extended to deal with spectral constraints. Numerical results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm compared with the state‐of‐the‐art techniques.
Pharmacovigilance of the Covid19 therapeutic protocol: Experience of the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez, Morocco and analysis of national and international data
Authors: Hoummani Hasnae , Mourabiti Hajar , Chebaibi mohamed , Achour Sanae
Published: November 2021

Faced with the pandemic related to the dissemination of the new Coronavirus and the health emergency, Morocco decided to treat patients with Covid-19 with Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) or Chloroquine (CQ), associated with Azithromycin (AZM) according to a standardized therapeutic scheme, an off-label indication that required pharmacovigilance monitoring to ensure the safety of treated patients. Objective. To present the experience of the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez concerning the management of adverse events of the Covid19 therapeutic protocol. A notification form was made available to the nursing staff to be filled in for any adverse reaction (ADR) observed after the treatment was taken. A daily collection and in-depth analysis was performed. We present the results of the analysis of the data collected in our training between April 21 and August 22, 2020, discussing them with data from national and international databases. 102 ADR cases were collected out of 915 patients hospitalized at the UHC for Covid19 during this period with a prevalence of 11%. 23 patients had underlying defects. The incriminating protocol contained CQ in 55.8% and HCQ in 44.2%. The mean age of the patients was 40.83±17.1 years (18 to 86 years) with a M/F sex ratio of 0.92. The mean time to onset was 3 days (range 1-6 days). The most noted ADRs were digestive, cardiac and neurological. 14 cases were severe (one QT prolongation), 6 of which required transfer to an intensive care unit. The course of action adopted was the restoration of corrective treatment with 12 cases of treatment discontinuation and 8 cases of switching to 2nd line treatment.
Covid-19 and respect for barrier gestures in Morocco
Authors: Idrissi Youssef Azami , Al Emad Ali , Hmimou Soumaia , Raif Fatima-Ezzahra , Hasib Aziz , Soulaymani Abdelmajid
Published: November 2021

Objective: Review compliance with preventive measures to limit the spread of covid-19 during the containment period in Morocco. Method: An online questionnaire consisting of questions covering several areas: demographic data, knowledge of Covid-19, ports of contamination and precautionary measures. Results: A total of 352 participants responded to the survey, of which 69.3% were male, 48.6% were between 20 and 30 years of age and 37.2% were students. The Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region had the highest turnout with 59.9%. 20.98% of participants cover their mouths when coughing, 90.52% use liquid soap to wash their hands, 58.09% still wear face masks and 64.27% were satisfied with the prevention measures initiated by the Moroccan health authorities. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained and in the absence of treatment for this contagious disease, the best method of protection for you and your loved ones is to respect the measures and barrier gestures.
Risk management of adverse effects of antimalarial drugs: Knowledge of Physicians and Pharmacists in KAYES, MALI
Authors: Traore Boubacar , Bakana Gladys Tsoumbou , Oumar Alassane Aboubacar
Published: November 2021

In order to improve therapeutic compliance and prevent antimalarial drug resistance, we conducted this study to evaluate the knowledge of physicians and pharmacists in Kayes on the management of adverse effects of antimalarial drugs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to November 2017 among physicians and pharmacists selected by simple random sampling and practicing in the Kayes region for more than one year. The survey was based on a questionnaire proposed by the national pharmacovigilance center. In addition to a descriptive analysis of the results, a logistic regression analysis was performed to assess potential factors that could be associated with knowledge. Results: Among 151 physicians and pharmacists participated in the study, less than 40% had better knowledge about the management of antimalarial drug adverse events. Physicians and pharmacists working in government facilities were more likely to have better knowledge compared with those working in other facilities (OR=8.38; 95% CI: 2.48-28.30). In addition, pharmacists were more likely to have better knowledge than physicians (OR=3.48; 95% CI: 1.21-12.19). Conclusions: The frequency of good knowledge of the management of adverse drug reactions to antimalarials is insufficient, although membership in government structures and profession seem likely to improve it.
Occupational Psychosocial Risks of Health Professionals
Authors: Lafraxo Mohammed Amine , Ouadoud Mohammed , El Madhi Youssef , Soulaymani Abdelmajid
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the Effort-Reward Imbalance among nurses and its association with burnout syndrome. This is an observational study of a cross-sectional type. A self-administered survey was used to collect the socio-demographic and professional characteristics. The Siegrist Effort-Reward Imbalance scale to measure the psychosocial risks and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory to assess burnout. The results indicate that the level of burnout is moderate [patient-related burnout (2.77±0.95), general burnout (3.00±0.67)], but there is an imbalance between the efforts and rewards received by nurses (1.50±0.51). The indices calculated by Cronbach’s alpha are very important for effort (α=0.79), and reward (α=0.75). The results raise questions about the importance of a better understanding of the effect of psychosocial risks on health through perceived effort/reward. The use of information and communication technologies to accurately identify psychosocial risks at work is recommended.
Ethnobotanical Study of Fig Tree (Ficus Carica L.) And Olive (Olea Europaea L.) From Tetouan Province In Morocco And Study Their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Mennane Zakaria , Tabet Zahira , El kharraz Btissam , Aabid Touria , Souhaila Touil , Emrani Adnan , Abrini Jamal , Elmtili Noureddine
Published: November 2021

This study we have conducted an ethnobotanical survey and antimicrobial activity in Tetouan province to identify the use of the famous plant species in traditional medicine : fig tree and Olive and follow-up of antimicrobial activity during three stages for green, pink and black olives and mixing activity of olive and fig extracts. 80 questionnaire sheets were done during April-June 2019, and the method of diffusion was used for the antimicrobial activity.Bacteria and yeasts were used: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, E.coli and Candida albicans. The results revealed that 32% of farmers use olive oil for the initial treatment of respiratory diseases, and 22% use it for digestive system problems and 13% use it as a treatment of the nervous system.However, fig tree is used against insect bites, as an inhibitor of the growth of certain cancerous tumors, diabetes and certain viral infections. The ethanol extracts showed good inhibitory effects against most strains of bacteria and yeast. Also for the majority of strains tested, it was found that in December (black olive), activity is stronger, and that the mixture of ethanol extracts with ethanol extracts of fig tree it strengthened them.
Methods, tools, and techniques in toxicovigilance
Authors: El Bourichi Rajaa , Bikjdaouene Leila , Benazzouz Bouchra , Ramdan Rajae , Akhouayri Omar
Published: November 2021

Toxicovigilance is the active process of identifying and evaluating the toxic risks existing in a community, and evaluating the measures taken to reduce or eliminate them. The operation of toxicovigilance requires the use of methods, tools, and techniques. The objective of this article is to describe the organization of toxicovigilance, to identify their components, and to specify the methods, tools and techniques which are applied to them and are necessary for their operation. To achieve those goals, we based our study on a bibliographic synthesis, where some key references were selected, analysed, and summarised. The results of our study have shown that the performance of a toxicovigilance system requires the mastery and integration of methods, tools, and techniques by trained and experienced staff. Those methods, tools and techniques can be classified into six stages. The study also showed that the practice of toxicovigilance is one of the core tasks of a poison control centres. Our study has shown that Anti-poison and Pharmacovigilance center Morocco constitutes a real observatory in terms of toxicovigilance. It ensures a vigilance and alert function concerning different toxic groups.
Acute and subacute toxicity study of the methanolic extract ofolea europea.Lleaves in Wistar rat
Authors: Hinad Ibrahim , S’hih Youssef , El Gui Radia , Elhessni Aboubaker , Mesfioui Abdelhalim , Ouahidi Moulay laarbi
Published: November 2021

Olea europea.L(olive tree) is a plant widely used in the world. Its leaves have an extensive use in traditional herbal medicine to prevent and/or treat several diseases especially in Mediterranean regions. Despite this, research into the study of its toxicity is very limited in the literature. For this, this study aims to study the acute and subacute toxicity of methanolic extract olive leaves in Wistar rats. To study acute toxicity, four dose levels (50,300,2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight) were tested by single oral administration to Wistar rats. The subacute toxicity for 28 days was conducted by daily oral administration of methanolic extract of olive leaves at doses 1000,2000 and 3000 mg/kg in rats Wistar. After fourteen days of the administration of escalating doses, no deaths were recorded in the animals and no clinically detectable signs were observed. The results of subacute toxicity showed that the body weight of rats was not significantly changed by administration of methanolic extract of olive leaves. Monitoring of the behavior of the rats during the study showed the appearance of some manifestations of tremor, agitation and diarrhea in rats treated with the dose of 3000mg/kg. Grosse examination of the kidneys and liver revealed no changes in those organs and histopathological examination showed congestion and inflammation of the fat in rats treated with the dose of 3000mg/kg. the hematological profile showed no significant changes of the measured hematological parameters. Olive leaves should be used with care and caution since its methanolic extract caused some signs of toxicity and may affect the liver at repeated dose. however, more studies are needed to verify and clarify the toxic aspect ofolea europea.Lleaves.
Impact of COVID -19 on the children’s hospital of Rabat activities during 2020: General profile and comparison with the year 2019
Authors: Oubejja Houda , Cherkaoui Adil , Lafia Toualouth , Mokhtari Abdelrhani , Soulaymani Abdelmajid
Published: November 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has put stress on the healthcare system around the world and has had an impact on people’s access to healthcare. This study aims to underline the activities at the Rabat Children’s Hospital (HER), during the year 2020 which experienced a state of health emergency due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Material and methods: We have listed the data from the admission and billing service, about the activities of the hospitalization department of the children’s hospital, Rabat. Data was entered on WPS and analyzed by Jamovi software 1.6.23. We also calculated some performance indicators: Average occupancy rate, average length of stay, and bed turnover interval (BOR, LOS, and BTOI). Results: We distinguished between services providing « urgent care » (intensive care unit ICU and emergency rooms ER) and those providing « non-urgent care » (pediatry and surgery) department. The mean number of hospital admissions (NHA) was around 8123 + /− 3942. The average BOR, LOS and BTOI were respectively 72.0 days (SD: 32.6), 66.83 days (SD: 2.68) and 3.89 days (SD: 4.34).

Conclusion : The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on our hospital activities, disturbing its normal functioning. This study tried to have an overview on the current situation and should lead to other studies in the future, allowing a better managmnt of our hospital.
A Nonlinear Support Vector Machine Analysis Using Kernel Functions for Nature and Medicine
Authors: Yassin Benajiba , Mohamed Chrayah , Yassine Al-Amrani
Published: November 2021

After the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI), great developments have taken place in the fields of science, economics, medicine and all other fields that use computer science. Along with the resulting developments in these fields, artificial intelligence has also solved many intractable problems, such as predicting specific serious diseases, determining future product sales, as well as analyzing and studying big data in the shortest possible time … SVM is one of the most important technologies in this field of artificial intelligence that goes into supervised methods, and which every machine learning expert should have in his/her arena. For this reason, in this article, we studied this technique and determined its advantages and disadvantages as well as its fields of application. Next, we applied this technique to three different databases, using four basis change functions, and we compared the results obtained to determine the best way to use the basis change functions.