bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“We usually use paragraph one to introduce the topic”: trust building via appraisals by practicum EFL teachers in classroom interactions
Authors: Wang Xueyu , Ni Xiangxiang
Published: September 2024

This study investigates how practicum EFL teachers build trust through appraisals in classroom interactions at a local senior high school in Mainland China. Building upon prior research on trust discourse and appraisals, we present a model of teachers’ trust discourse, which we apply to analyze six English reading lessons conducted by three young EFL practicum teachers. The findings reveal that the practicum EFL teachers construct two distinct types of trust: cognition-based trust (CBT) and affect-based trust (ABT). CBT is formed through the communication of the teachers’ epistemic and deontic authority, while ABT is fostered by emphasizing values congruence and guanxi (interpersonal connections) between the teachers and the students. Appraisals play a crucial role in the trust-building efforts of the practicum teachers. Our analysis further indicates a preference among the practicum teachers for prioritizing CBT, as evidenced by their strategic use of appreciation and judgment resources in the attitude system, as well as the application of force resources in the graduation system. This study provides valuable insights into the pivotal role of appraisals in cultivating trust between EFL teachers and students in classroom settings.
Pamięć zbiorowa a tożsamość miejsc. Przypadek Pomorza Zachodniego
Authors:   Wydział Filologii Polskiej i Klasycznej, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Czyżak Agnieszka
Published: September 2024

The main aim of this article is to present the latest publications and social initiatives related to Western Pomerania. The 21st century has witnessed the activities that testify to the communal need to revise images of the past. The German cultural heritage has been portrayed anew in various types of publications: novels (Niebko by Brygida Helbig-Mischewski), collections of reportage (Morze i ziemia, ed. Andrzej Klim and Cezary Łazarewicz), and photographic essays (Nieswojość, ed. Agata Pankiewicz and Marcin Przybyłko). These texts prove significant transformations in the sphere of shared memory, affecting at the same time the transformation of collective and individual identity.
Życie po życiu. Andrzeja Bobkowskiego na łamach „Wiadomości” losy pośmiertne
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Siedlcach, Ćwikliński Krzysztof
Published: September 2024

The article is a fragment of a larger whole which narrates the relationship between Andrzej Bobkowski and the editors of the weekly “Wiadomości” [News]. The author discusses the question of preserving the legacy of the deceased writer and of publishing his previously unprinted notes and letters that were kept by his widow in a private archive in Guatemala.
Szeptucha i Natura. Od analizy leksykograficznej do opowieści Nadziei Bittel-Dobrzyńskiej
Authors:   Wydział Filologiczny, Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Kuzyka Julia
Published: September 2024

The aim of the article is to demonstarte the relationship of the witch-doctor, a Podlasie healer, with nature. It presents a lexicographical analysis of the word szeptucha, centred primarily around Jan Karłowicz’s definition proposed in the dictionary of Polish dialects. Next, it discusses the relationship between witch-doctors and nature on the basis of the autobiographical prose Jak wiedźma Agrypicha znachorstwa mnie uczyła [How the witch Agripicha taught me the healing witchcraft] by Nadzieja Bittel-Dobrzyńska, which is connected with the historical and geographical motherland of witch-doctors: the Vilnius region, the Polish-Belarusian borderland and Podlasie.
Lever de rideau i akcja właściwa – „wyobrażone podróże” Kazimierza Brauna albo metateatralność
Authors:   Instytut Literaturoznawstwa, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Michalczuk Joanna
Published: September 2024

This article deals with the metatheatrical aspects in selected dramas by Kazimierz Braun – theatre practitioner and theorist. The point of departure for the analysis, as indicated by Patrice Pavis, is the basic ways in which metatheatricality reveals itself in a dramatic text: the unveiling of the second communication system (scene – spectator), usually hidden behind the text, the fabrication of theatrical situations, and the discursivisation of theatrical themes. The subject of the analysis is the interconnected dramas, Niewyznane zwierzenia [Unconfessed confidences] and Kwarantanna [Quarantine], in which the author creatively refers to the tradition of commedia dell’arte. The first of the plays, in the style of comedy by Pierre de Marivaux and described more precisely as a lever de rideau, is a reference to the old theatrical practice of preceding the main performance with another small stage form. The article discusses the piece as an overt play with convention, an ‘imaginary journey’ into the ephemeral world of improvised comedy, revealing the laws of theatre that govern it. The second play, set during the pandemic, becomes a pretext for questions about the future and the meaning of artistic creation. The analysis of both texts reveals a clash between the cultural image of conventional play and the theatricalisation of life in Marivaux’s time and the dystopian creation of a dehumanised reality, in which the multidimensional crisis can no longer be hidden under the mask of theatrical decoration and outward playfulness.
Czary polskie w swej postaci ukazane
Authors:   Wydział Filologii Polskiej i Klasycznej, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Nowak Małgorzata
Published: September 2024

The article proposes a review of Michael Ostling’s book Between the Devil and the Host. Imagining Witchcraft in Early Modern Poland concerning literary and translation studies. In the author’s opinion, the presented monograph, due to its cognitive and comparative merits, is valuable not only for historians, but also for interdisciplinary scholars from the field of humanities.
„«odkryłem» największego malarza religijnego naszej epoki”. Rouault Herberta
Authors: Adamowska Joanna
Published: September 2024

The essay describes Zbigniew Herbert’s fascination with the biography and creative work of Georges Rouault. The author discusses the essayist texts on the French painter previously published by the poet in the press in the 1950s, as well as an early poem titled “Paysage legendaire” written in 1949, not published during the poet’s lifetime. The ekphrastic description of the elements characteristic for Rouault’s landscape painting presented in the Herbert’s poem is analyzed in the context of biblical symbolism. The author discovers the poet’s strategy of using the ambiguity of biblical symbols to build a poetic interpretation of Rouault’s oeuvre. The essay demonstrates the poet’s transposition of a painter’s sign onto a word, and it offers an insight into Herbert’s vision of the French artist in the changing context of contemporary religious art.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Phyllanthus niruri: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Susanti R , Fitriya Farikhatun Nur , Kristamtini K , Utomo Didik Huswo
Published: September 2024

Many studies report on the role of Phyllanthus niruri as an anti-inflammatory and there are variations in the results in every research, so a meta-analysis study is needed to obtain accurate results. This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis of the effect of Phyllanthus niruri as an anti-inflammatory. This study uses a meta-analysis research design with data collection from 12 databases. The screening process was carried out according to PRISMA, then analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 3 (CMA3). Funnel plot and Egger’s test were used as methods to measure publication bias. The articles used were 438 articles from various research journals. After going through screening, as many as 5 articles were eligible to be incorporated in the meta-analysis. Data were analyzed using a random effect model to calculate standardized means difference (SMD). The cytokines analyzed were TNF-α and IL-6 because both were discussed in at least 3 studies. Phyllanthus niruri affected the reduction of inflammatory cytokines with an effect size of SMD on TNF-α is -17,611 (95% CI -29,347, -5,875; p=0.003) and IL-6 is -3,263 (95% CI -5,403, -1,222; p = 0.003). The results of this meta-analysis strengthen the concept/theory that Phyllanthus niruri has the potential as an anti-inflammatory by reducing the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. These results strengthen the scientific basis for the use of Phyllanthus niruri as a supplement for the community to prevent inflammation.
Ethnobotanical Study on Plants Used As Natural Dye by Handwritten Batik Craftsmen in Cirebon Indonesia
Authors: Jabar Muhammad Abdul , Rahayu Enni Suwarsi , Ramasamy Sujatha
Published: September 2024

Cirebon Regency is one of the few Indonesian batik craft center which still use natural dyes in hand-written batik making. The natural dyes are generally extracted from plants. The kind of plants used as natural dyes source for batik in Cirebon Regency are not yet known. This ethnobotanical research aimed to describe the kinds of plants and their characteristics, the frequency of citation by respondents, the parts of the organs used, the sources of obtaining plants, the colors produced, usage technique, as well as the role of using natural dyes in batik to support implementation of green economy. The research approach was exploratory descriptive through observation and interview techniques for data collection. The research was carried out at Kebon Gedang Block, Ciwaringin Village, Cirebon Regency, Indonesia in September 2023. Thirty respondents were selected by purposive sampling method and subjected to the interview. The results showed there were 14 plants species from 12 families used as natural dyes. The most frequently used species were Mangifera indica and Indigofera tinctoria. The organ most widely used was the bark which comes from the purchased, and the color generally produced was brown. The most frequently coloring method used was boiling technique. This research is the first study in this area and useful for providing data and strategic potential for developing local plants as environmentally friendly natural dyes, as well as supporting efforts to use natural dyes in the batik industry.
RETRACTED: The construction of Language Teacher Identity in Ghana: A case study
Authors: Anku Joyce
Published: September 2024

The article titled "The construction of Language Teacher Identity in Ghana: A case study", by Joyce Anku, which was published in ELT Forum: Journal of English Language Teaching, Volume 13, Issue 2, pages 93-108, has been retracted by the publisher.
This retraction is due to significant errors in the data analysis that invalidate the conclusions of the article. The authors have been notified of this retraction.
The publisher takes this action to uphold the integrity of the scientific record.
The Influence of Tepuk Tebak Games as Occupational Health and Safety Education on the Knowledge Level of Hair Salon Workers and Customers
Authors: Rizallihadi Muhammad Ditra , Amalia Elma Nurul , Oktriyani Sharon , Dimas Sifa Sabani , Fadil Harisha
Published: September 2024

Working in a hair salon involves exposure to various potential hazards, such as harmful chemicals from hair care products, the risk of injury from sharp tools, and non-ergonomic working postures. These issues can be addressed by enhancing workers' knowledge of occupational safety and health practices by providing education using available educational media. This study aims to analyze the impact of implementing educational media in the form of games on increasing knowledge among salon workers and clients using salon services. The research method used is a pre-experimental study with a single-group pre-test and post-test design. The data obtained comes from two types of sources: primary data and secondary data. Primary data were collected through interviews and direct field observations using a questionnaire as the research instrument, while secondary data were obtained through a literature review. The study showed a significant increase in workers' knowledge after being educated through games. The average knowledge score of workers increased from 45 (pre-test) to 97.5 (post-test). Similarly, salon clients' knowledge also significantly increased from an average score of 67.76 (pre-test) to 93.16 (post-test), with a p-value (<0.001).
La interpretación del Corán en una voz diferente: El feminismo islámico entre la hermenéutica y la secularización
Authors: Roldán Gómez Isabel
Published: September 2024

El objetivo del artículo es analizar el feminismo islámico en tanto que discurso teórico que involucra tres aspectos: 1) una hermenéutica del texto sagrado (Corán) que restituya la voz de las mujeres; 2) la asunción, por ende, de un objetivo feminista: el reconocimiento de la igualdad entre mujeres y hombres en el islam; 3) la convergencia de ambos objetivos en un proyecto emancipatorio traducible en igualdad jurídica, política y social. Las conclusiones versarán sobre las posibilidades de que el discurso del feminismo islámico pueda tornarse proyecto político sin pasar por procesos secularizadores que, en parte, son criticados por algunas pensadoras musulmanas.
STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF HEAVY OIL RESINS FROM THE NURLAT OILFIELD UNDER THERMAL ACTION
Authors: ГЕРАСИМОВА Н.Н. , ЧЕШКОВА Т.В. , МИН Р.С. , САГАЧЕНКО Т.А.
Published: September 2024

Проведено исследование смол, выделенных из тяжелой высоковязкой нефти Нурлатского месторождения. Комплексом физико-химических методов (ИК-спектроскопия, УФ-спектроскопия, хромато-масс-спектрометрия, химическая деструкция) изучен состав фрагментов, связанных сульфидными и эфирными мостиками в молекулах исходных смол, и жидких продуктов их конверсии при 450 °С в условиях лабораторного эксперимента. Показано, что деструкции подвергаются главным образом фрагменты, связанные в структуре исходного образца через наименее термически устойчивые функциональные группы сложных эфиров и алифатических сульфидов. “Серосвязанные” и “эфиросвязанные” соединения в структуре обоих образцов смол представлены н-алканами, н-алкилциклопентанами, н-алкилциклогексанами и гопанами. Среди “серосвязанных” соединений установлены никельпорфирины. В процессе термолиза наиболее заметно изменяется молекулярный состав “связанных” н-алканов. Разрыв эфирной связи в молекулах вторичных смол приводит к образованию продуктов, содержащих моно- и дибромиды алкилдифенилов. Этот факт свидетельствует о том, что данные ароматические соединения присутствуют в составе смол в виде фрагментов, связанных с другими структурными фрагментами через один и два эфирных мостика.

Resins extracted from heavy high-viscous oil of the Nurlat oilfield were investigated. The composition of fragments bound through sulphide and ether bridges in the molecules of initial resins and the liquid products of their conversion at 450 oC under the conditions of laboratory experiment was studied using a set of physicochemical methods (IR spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, gas chromatography -mass spectrometry, chemical destruction). It is shown that the fragments undergoing destruction are mainly those bound in the structure of the initial sample through the least thermally stable functional groups of esters and aliphatic sulphides. Sulphur- and ether-bound compounds in the structure of both resin samples are represented by n -alkanes, n -alkylcyclopentanes, n -alkylcyclohexanes and hopanes. The presence of nickel porphyrins was established among the sulphur-bound compounds. It is the molecular composition of bound n -alkanes that changes most noticeably during thermolysis. Ether bond cleavage in the molecules of secondary resins leads to the formation of products containing mono- and dibromides of alkyl biphenyls. This fact provides evidence that these aromatic compounds are present in resins in the form of fragments bound with other structural fragments through one and two ether bridges.
MODELLING OF THE CONTACT OF OIL SYSTEMS WITH NATURAL WATER BODIES
Authors: МУХОРТИНА Н.А. , СЕРЕБРЕННИКОВА О.В. , КРАСНОЯРОВА Н.А.
Published: September 2024

Проведено лабораторное моделирование нефтяного загрязнения водных объектов с использованием системы “дизельное топливо - вода - минеральная фаза”. Методом газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии изучены содержание и состав органических соединений в каждой из составляющих систему частей. Выявлен характер изменения состава присутствующих в дизельном топливе н-алканов, полициклических ароматических и нафтеновых углеводородов, циклогексанов, алкилбензолов и триметилалкилбензолов при переходе из дизельного топлива в водную и минеральную фазы.

Laboratory modelling of oil pollution of water bodies was carried out using the diesel fuel - water - mineral phase system. The content and composition of organic compounds in each of the parts making up the system were studied by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. The direction of changes in the composition of n -alkanes, polycyclic aromatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons, cyclohexanes, alkylbenzenes and trimethylalkylbenzenes present in diesel fuel during the transition from diesel fuel to the aqueous and mineral phases has been revealed.
ANALYSIS OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF OIL-PRODUCING TERRITORIES IN WEST SIBERIA USING MODIS SATELLITE DATA
Authors: ПЕРЕМИТИНА Т.О. , ЯЩЕНКО И.Г.
Published: September 2024

Исследовано экологическое состояние труднодоступных нефтедобывающих территорий Западной Сибири. Представлены результаты анализа динамики значений вегетационного индекса EVI (Enchanced Vegetation Index) с целью оценки состояния растительного покрова территорий углеводородных месторождений Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа по спутниковым данным MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). Проведен расчет средних значений EVI растительности территорий месторождений за полные периоды вегетации с 25 мая по 20 сентября 2013-2022 гг. Установлено, что в среднем значения индекса EVI за весь период вегетации в 2022 г. стали выше более чем на 20 % по сравнению с данными 2013 г., а также выявлены тенденции увеличения EVI в заключительном периоде вегетации за исследуемый 10-летний период.

The ecological state of hard-to-reach oil-producing territories of West Siberia has been studied. Results of the analysis of enhanced vegetation index (EVI) dynamics are presented in order to assess the state of vegetation cover over the territories of hydrocarbon fields of in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District using moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data. The average EVI values of vegetation over oilfield areas were calculated for full growing seasons from May 25 to September 20, 2013-2022. It has been determined that, on average, EVI values for the entire growing season in 2022 became higher by more than 20 % compared to the data in 2013. The trend to an increase in EVI in the final growing season over the 10-year period under study was identified.
TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN PERMAFROST AND GLACIER ICE IN THE HIGH-MOUNTAIN PART OF THE SUNTAR-KHAYATA RIDGE FOR THE PERIOD 1957-2017
Authors: КОНСТАНТИНОВ П.Я. , ФЕДОРОВ А.Н. , АРГУНОВ Р.Н. , ЕФРЕМОВ П.В. , КАДОТА Т. , ШИРАКАВА Т.
Published: September 2024

В 1957-1959 гг. по программе 3-го международного геофизического года в центральной части хребта Сунтар-Хаята (Северо-Восток России) на площадке высокогорной метеостанции проводились измерения температуры горных пород до глубины 20 м и температуры ледникового льда до глубины 45 м на леднике № 31. В 2012-2017 гг. российско-японской экспедицией здесь были выполнены новые измерения температуры горных пород и ледникового льда. Для лучшей сравнимости результатов повторные температурные наблюдения были проведены в местах, где проходили аналогичные работы в 1957-1959 гг. Сравнение данных 1958 и 2012 гг. по средней месячной температуре ледникового льда на глубине 10 м показало ее повышение на 1.0-1.6 °С. Из-за отсутствия в 2012-2017 гг. возможности прямых измерений температуры пород на глубине 20 м был использован косвенный метод оценки ее изменений. За последние 60 лет температура горных пород на глубине нулевой годовой амплитуды по приблизительной оценке могла максимально повыситься на 1.6 °С. На четырех экспериментальных участках осуществлены режимные исследования динамики сезонного протаивания пород, а на одном - динамики промерзания сезонноталого слоя.

In 1957-1959, according to the program of the 3rd International Geophysical Year, the temperature of rocks (to a depth of 20 m) and glacier ice (to a depth of 45 m) was measured in the area of a high-mountain weather station (glacier no. 31) in the central part of the Suntar-Khayata Ridge (Northeastern Russia). In 2012-2017, the Russian-Japanese expedition carried out new measurements of the temperature of rocks and glacier ice at the same places. A comparison of the data on the mean monthly temperatures of glacier ice at a depth of 10 m in 1958 and 2012 attests to their rise by 1.0-1.6 °С. As there was no possibility to perform direct measurements of rock temperature at a depth of 20 m in 2012 -2017, we used an indirect method to estimate it at the depth of zero annual amplitude. According to our estimate, in the past 60 years, it could have increased by up to 1.6 ° C. Regime studies of the dynamics of seasonal thawing were carried out at four experimental plots; of the dynamics of freezing of the seasonally thawed layer, at one plot .
RURAL COMMUNITIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) UNDER CONDITIONS OF PERMAFROST DEGRADATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ULAKHAN-AN VILLAGE)
Authors: СУЛЕЙМАНОВ А.А. , АПРОСИМОВ Д.А. , БАШАРИН Н.И. , ЛЫТКИН В.М.
Published: September 2024

Рассматриваются вопросы деградации многолетнемерзлых пород и ее влияния на сложившуюся систему жизнеобеспечения расположенного в Центральной Якутии села Улахан-Ан, которое административно относится к Хангаласскому улусу Республики Саха (Якутия). В связи с этим исследование направлено на определение масштабов и форм проявления термокарста, а также его последствий для местного населения. Для достижения цели исследования и получения необходимых материалов осуществлялись полевые наблюдения за термокарстом, выполнялись работы по созданию ортофотоплана ключевого участка исследований, проводился опрос местных жителей, включавший анкетирование и интервьюирование. В результате установлены масштабы развития термокарста, который к настоящему времени находится на своей начальной стадии. Определены основные последствия деградации многолетнемерзлых пород для местного населения и ключевых субъектов сельскохозяйственной деятельности. Отмечены особенности восприятия и адаптации жителей Улахан-Ана к возникшим природным вызовам.

The issues of permafrost degradation and its impact on the life-support system are discussed in the example of the Ulakhan-An village (Khangalassky ulus, central Yakutia). The extent and forms of manifestation of thermokarst - the main negative cryogenic process in the area - and its consequences for the local population have been studied. To achieve the goal of the research, field observations of thermokarst have been conducted, an ortophotomap of the key area has been developed, and a survey of residents via questionnaires and narrative interviews has been performed. As a result, the extent and intensity of thermokarst development have been clarified. At present, thermokarst is mainly at its initial stage. The main consequences of permafrost degradation for the local population and key actors of agricultural activity have been determined. The Ulakhan-An residents' perception of and adaptation to the natural challenges that have arisen are noted.
MICROBIAL REDUCTION OF FE(III) IN SAMPLES OF TUNDRA SOILS FROM THE EAST SIBERIAN ARCTIC
Authors: ЗАХАРЮК А.Г. , ТРУБИЦЫН В.Э. , ВИШНИВЕЦКАЯ Т.А. , РИВКИНА Е.М. , ЩЕРБАКОВА В.А.
Published: September 2024

Из образцов тундровых почв (п-ов Быковский, Северная Якутия) были получены накопительные культуры психрофильных и психротолерантных бактерий, восстанавливающие трехвалентное железо при температурах 6-15 °С. Установлено, что самые высокие концентрации ионов Fe(II) наблюдались в накопительных культурах, выращенных с использованием растворимой соли трехвалентного железа в виде цитрата Fe(III). Анаэробные сообщества двух накопительных культур, полученные из проб мерзлотных почв урочища Мамонтовый Хайата и культивируемые при 15 °С, использовали в качестве акцептора электронов нерастворимый оксид Fe(III), а в качестве донора электронов - ацетат и формиат. С применением методов молекулярной биологии и биоинформатики были получены экспериментальные данные о составе микробных сообществ, населяющих почвы криолитозоны. Впервые было проведено сравнение состава природного микробного сообщества, сформированного в течение длительного времени в естественных условиях при низких температурах, и микробного сообщества, культивируемого в лаборатории. Показано, что, несмотря на холодные и олиготрофные условия, прокариотные сообщества арктических экосистем Северной Якутии филогенетически разнообразны. В природных образцах доминируют представители филумов Proteobacteria и Actinobacteria (~30-50 %). Однако основную массу культивируемого микробного сообщества, полученного в лабораторных условиях, составляли Firmicutes (38 %)

Enrichment cultures of psychrophilic and psychrotolerant bacteria capable of reducing ferric iron at temperatures of 6 to 15 °C were obtained from samples of two tundra soils from the Bykovsky Peninsula (Northern Yakutia, eastern sector of Russian Arctic). The highest concentrations of Fe(II) ions were observed in enrichment cultures grown with the use of a soluble ferric salt in the form of Fe(III) citrate. Furthermore, anaerobic communities from two enrichment cultures derived from permafrost soil samples of the Mammoth Khayata tract and cultivated at 15 °C demonstrated a preference for insoluble Fe(III) oxide as an electron acceptor while utilizing acetate and formate as electron donors. Experimental data on the composition of microbial communities inhabiting permafrost soils were obtained through molecular biology and bioinformatics methods. Notably, this study presents a novel comparison between the composition of a naturally occurring microbial community that developed over an extended period under natural conditions at low temperatures, and a laboratory-cultivated microbial community. The results demonstrate that prokaryotic communities of the soils of Arctic ecosystems of Yakutia are phylogenetically diverse despite the cold and oligotrophic (nutrient-poor) conditions. While representatives of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla dominate in natural samples of tundra soil (~30-50 %), the cultivated microbial community obtained in vitro from natural samples was dominated by Firmicutes (38 %).
Concept of Tributalism: a comparative Analysis of S. Amin 's, J. Haldon's and H. H. Stahl's approaches
Authors: Babinskas Nerijus
Published: September 2024

By this article, the author wants to revive discussion about Marxist schemas of social development and their applicability for constructing models of universal history. There are attitudes of three scholars presented in the current text: Samir Amin, who is known in the Western historiographical tradition as a main creator and promoter of the concept of the tributary mode of production; John Haldon, who paid quite much attention to the mentioned concept and dedicated his entire book to this issue; and Henri H. Stahl, who created an original alternative approach to the issue of tributalism.
The author rejects J. Haldon's concept of mode of production as too narrow (in fact, J. Haldon identifies mode of production with mode of exploitation). The author proposes a wider definition of mode of production, which is based on the analysis of Karl Marx's texts. According to the author, the most important elements of mode of production are the exploitative subject (it is defined by property of conditions of production, which realizes as a social power) and productive/obligatory unit, which can be manifested as a household of an individual direct producer or as a community. The author proposes the following principled classification based on his conception of mode of production:

A proprietor of land is a monarch/state, and a productive/obligatory unit is a community (of Asiatic/Slavonic type);
A proprietor of land is a monarch/state, and a productive/obligatory unit is a household of an individual direct producer;
Proprietors of land are private landowners, and a productive/obligatory unit is a community (of Asiatic/Slavonic type);
Proprietors of land are private landowners, and a productive/obligatory unit is a household of an individual direct producer.

The most important conclusions of the author's are as follows:

H. H. Stahl's statement that there were alternatives in the social development of precapitalist societies is definitely reasonable.
Keeping in mind controversies among the presented conceptions of tributalism, the author emphasizes that, at the moment, the question of the typology of antagonistic precapitalist societies remains open; so further researches and discussions are necessary.
As a point of departure for further researches and discussions the author proposes his principled classification of antagonisticprecapitalist societies based on criteria of an exploitative subject and a productive / obligatory unit.
Aukščiausiosios audito institucijos atliekamo veiklos audito poveikis kuriant viešąją vertę audituojamųjų požiūriu
Authors:   , Šalienė Asta
Published: September 2024

The impact of performance audits conducted by the supreme audit institution on creating public value from the perspective of auditees
REPRESENTASI MEDIA BERDASARKAN GENDER PADA KARAKTER SERIAL ANIMASI “AVATAR: THE LAST AIRBENDER”
Authors: Ramadhina Az-zahra Mutiara Syofi , Wibowo Kunto Adi , Rahmawan Detta
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This research was conducted to see how the media presents characters in animated series based on gender roles. The animated series chosen was "Avatar: The Last Airbender" which aired from 2005 to 2008. In the series, there is character development regarding physical strength that can be analyzed more deeply about how gender is represented in the media. Based on the criteria, the resulting sample was 44 characters from a population of 179 characters. This research was conducted with a coding procedure involving coders. After going through the reliability test stage, statistical analysis was then carried out in the form of descriptive analysis, spearman correlation, and chi-square test to see how much the relationship between variables. There was a finding of a relationship between the variables of intelligence and strength. Male characters who appear more often and are portrayed as stronger can reinforce gender stereotypes. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat bagaimana media menyajikan karakter pada serial animasi berdasarkan peran gender. Serial animasi yang dipilih ialah "Avatar: The Last Airbender" yang tayang pada tahun 2005 hingga 2008. Dalam serial tersebut terdapat pengembangan karakter mengenai kekuatan fisik yang dapat dianalisis lebih dalam tentang bagaimana representasi gender dalam media. Berdasarkan kriteria, sampel yang dihasilkan sebanyak 44 karakter dari jumlah populasi sebesar 179 karakter. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan prosedur pengkodingan yang melibatkan koder. Setelah melalui tahapan uji reliabilitas, selanjutnya  dilakukan analisis statistik berupa analisis deskriptif, korelasi spearman, dan uji chi-square untuk melihat seberapa besar hubungan antarvariabel. Terdapat temuan adanya hubungan antar variabel kecerdasan dan kekuatan. Karakter laki-laki yang lebih sering muncul serta digambarkan lebih kuat dapat memperkuat stereotip gender.
ANALISA SEKSISME LINGUISTIK TERBUKA PADA DIALOG PEREMPUAN DALAM FILM “10 THINGS I HATE ABOUT YOU, (500) DAYS OF SUMMER, DAN SUPERBAD ”
Authors: Sihite Manda Chrisencia , Wibowo Kunto Adi , Rahmawan Detta
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This study analyzes sexist dialogue directed at female characters in romantic comedy films using a quantitative content analysis method. The research was conducted on three romantic comedies: "10 Things I Hate About You", "(500) Days of Summer", and "Superbad". The study aims to highlight the categories of sexist remarks present in romantic comedies. A reliability test was performed, showing a high agreement among coders in identifying categories of sexist dialogue. This research is expected to raise awareness about the representation of women in films and to identify the distribution of sexist dialogue in the media industry, particularly in the film industry. Abstrak. Penelitian ini menganalisis dialog seksis terhadap karakter perempuan dalam film komedi romantis dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap tiga film komedi romantic yaitu, "10 Things I Hate About You," "(500) Days of Summer," dan "Superbad". Penelitian bertujuan sebagai sarana yang akan memperlihatkan adanya kategori terhadap perkataan seksis dalam film komedi romantic. Uji reliabilitas yang dilakukan, menunjukkan hasil kesepakatan yang tinggi antara para pemberi kode dalam mengidentifikasi kategori dialog seksis. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kepekaan terhadap representasi perempuan dalam film dan mengetahui pembagian perkotaan seksis yang diucapkan pada industri media, terutama pada industry film.
A 4-Month-Old With Jaundice, Lethargy, and Emesis
Authors: McCullagh Kelly , Yeoh Laura , Holmes Brittany M. , Sacharow Stephanie , Wehrman Andrew , Kritzer Amy , O’Connell Amy E.
Published: September 2024

Acute liver failure is rare in the neonatal and infant population; however, when encountered, it requires timely diagnosis, management, and identification of the underlying etiology to provide the best clinical outcomes. Here, we present a case of new-onset liver failure in a 4-month-old infant. She had previously been diagnosed with neonatal mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus disease, but had been healthy in the interval, and was referred to our hospital for evaluation of possible need for liver transplantation because of a rapidly progressing pace of disease. In this diagnostic dilemma article, we review the case history and presentation and consider the differential diagnosis from the points of view of the primary and consultative teams. We then follow the clinical evolution of disease, identify a final diagnosis, and explore the short- and long-term management and health implications of the diagnosis. This case should be of interest to primary care providers, intensivists who care for neonates or infants, and specialists who encounter liver failure in their clinical practice.
Design of fabrication-tolerant meta-atoms for polarization-multiplexed metasurfaces
Authors: Klopfer Elissa , Idehenre Ighodalo , Sessions Deanna , Carter Michael J. , Buskohl Philip R. , Harper Eric S.
Published: September 2024

Metasurfaces can replace bulk optical components in a more compact form factor in applications including communication systems, sensors, and manufacturing technology. However, their design and fabrication is challenging due to competing demands of selecting meta-atoms that simultaneously provide the required amplitude and phase modulation while being robust to fabrication errors. Here, we develop two design heuristics to assist with the down-selection of meta-atoms into sensitivity-informed libraries, based on either selecting meta-atoms with minimal sensitivity or minimizing the relative sensitivities between meta-atoms. We evaluate both methods on a polarization-dependent phase mask and compare the resulting phase and intensity errors.

Graphical Abstract
Investigation of pull-out and mechanical performance of fibre reinforced concrete with recycled carbon fibres
Authors: Overhage Vanessa , Heins Kira , Kimm Magdalena , Ryu Gum-Sung , You Young-Jun , Kim Hyeong-Yeol , Gries Thomas
Published: September 2024

This paper presents the pull-out bonding behaviour and mechanical performance of recycled carbon fibre (rCF) reinforced concrete based on the recent investigation of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) with rCF recovered from pyrolysis. Single fibre pull-out tests have been carried out to identify the apparent interfacial shear strength of different types of rCF and virgin carbon fibre (vCF) to identify the fibre matrix connection. Furthermore, a series of tests have been carried out to identify the workability, compressive strength and tensile strength of FRC. Besides rCF, also vCF and steel fibre were used for fabrication of FRC test specimens. rCF have shown the same adhesion behaviour and strength like vCF. Furthermore, the use of unsized or acrylate-based sized rCF creates an adhesion between fibre and matrix material. During the pull-out tests, the failure does not occur as an adhesive crack between fibre and cement matrix, but as a cohesive crack in the cement matrix. The mechanical performance of FRC with rCF was compared with mortar and FRC with vCF and steel fibres. The results of compressive test conducted for FRC with vCF and rCF indicated that the influence of vCF and rCF on the compressive strength of FRC was insignificant. On the other hand, the results of tensile test conducted for FRC with vCF and rCF indicated that the tensile strength of FRC with rCF was at least 14.9% greater than that of FRC with vCF.
Direct tensile tests on steel fiber reinforced concrete with focus on wall effect and fiber orientation
Authors: Faustmann Sören , Kronau Maximilian , Fischer Oliver
Published: September 2024

Adding steel fibers to concrete essentially improves its post-crack tensile properties. To determine this experimentally, indirect methods, such as flexural tensile tests, are generally used, which allow only indirect conclusions about the material´s tensile properties. In contrast, direct tensile tests provide the desired result immediately, but are difficult to realize. A key parameter affecting the performance of the SRFC is the orientation of the fibers, which is mainly influenced by the manufacturing process. Typically, when the concrete is cast, the steel fibers align with the edges of the formwork. This is commonly called the wall effect. We address these issues, presenting the setup and results of direct tensile tests on bone shaped specimens with three different steel fiber contents. For each content, a series of specimens with a three-sided formwork (i.e. three-sided wall effect and strong influence on the fiber orientation) and a series with cut-out bones (i.e. one-sided wall effect and less influence on fiber orientation) were fabricated and tested. After these tests, the fiber orientation was determined using an opto-analytical method to quantify the influence of the manufacturing methods on the fiber orientation. Comparing the stress-crack-opening relationships shows that the cut specimens at 0.5 mm crack openings have only about 80% of the tensile strength of three-sided formwork specimens. This effect decreases with larger crack openings and vanishes at about 3 mm crack opening. Finally, a new fiber reinforcement index is defined to correlate observed stress in direct tensile tests to fiber content and orientation in direct tensile tests.
Briefing: Vertical vibration control of over-track buildings: information for practitioners
Authors: Chen Peng , Wang Bin
Published: September 2024

In recent decades, transit-oriented development has emerged as a prominent trend in metropolises. Modern infrastructures and residential buildings are strategically constructed above subway lines or parking depots, facilitating convenient access to city transportation. Nevertheless, complaints regarding the vibrations induced by metro vehicles have been on the rise.
Preparation, characterization, and structural studies of methylcellulose/CuO hybrid materials
Authors: Al-Yousef Haifa A. , Alotaibi Badriah M. , Atta Ali , Abdeltwab Eslam , Abdelhamied Mostafa M.
Published: September 2024

Flexible hybrid materials composites of methylcellulose (MC) and CuO are fabricated successfully with solution-casting preparation method as confirmed by the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared methods. The EDX of MC/CuO recorded the peaks of C, O, and Cu with percentage ratios of 49.61%, 47.35%, and 3.04%, which verify the appropriate formation of the MC/CuO. The TEM image shows that the size of CuO is from 11 to 51 nm. The images from the SEM also show that the CuO nanoparticles are evenly distributed throughout the MC/CuO composite. The impact of CuO on MC transparency is also investigated via UV/vis spectroscopy. The optical parameters of the polymer and composites films were recorded. The bandgap energy of MC is reduced from 4.83 to 4.69, 4.33, and 4.2 eV when mixed with 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% CuO, respectively, while the band tail is increased from 1.6 to 2.93, 3.66, and 4.15 eV. Carbon cluster numbers also rise from 50 for MC to 54, 63, and 67 for the addition of CuO concentrations of 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5%, respectively. The purpose of this work is fabrication of new nanocomposite materials with innovative flexible properties that may find application in high-performance optoelectronics.
Flexural performance study of the CHC joint based on experimental methods
Authors: Nong Xingzhong , Xiang Bao , Ding Xianli , Zhao Weigang , Zhai Lihua
Published: September 2024

Joints are pivotal components in prefabricated station technology, requiring development to meet diverse requirements such as site conditions, safety, stability, operability and waterproofing. CHC joints, while addressing these factors, offer the advantages of easy assembly and clear force transmission. These advantages of CHC joints have been verified in the application of Pingxi station in Shenzhen, China. Furthermore, the mechanical transmission mechanism of CHC joints is novel and distinct from existing joint types. In this study, with the use of experimental methods, further investigation is conducted into the flexural mechanical properties of CHC joints, elucidating their flexural behaviour and failure modes. The findings indicate that the axial force transmission mechanism of CHC joints ensures stable tension transmission under bending moment loads; the flexural stiffness of joints exhibits pronounced non-linearity; and the failure mode of joints resembles that of reinforced concrete beams with adequate reinforcement, demonstrating ductile failure. This research offers valuable insights for the design of CHC joints.
Nematophagous fungi species from Erzurum and Erzincan provinces in Türkiye
Authors: Genç Kesimci Tuba , Demirci Erkol
Published: September 2024

In Erzurum and Erzincan provinces, some nematophagous fungi were determined on roots of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), and strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne) plants during 2009-2011, and identification of fungi species was performed by classical and/or molecular techniques. Purified 5 isolates were determined as Arthrobotrys cladodes Drechsler 1937 (1 isolate), Arthrobotrys conoides Drechsler 1937 (1 isolate) and Arthrobotrys superba Corda 1839 (3 isolates). Identification of Arthrobotrys isolates was also confirmed by ribosomal DNA (rDNA)-ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequence analysis. Harposporium genus was also determined considering the morphological characteristic of fungal spores growing on nematodes found in two samples, but these fungi could not be purified. Harposporium species were identified as Harposporium anguillulae Lohde emend. Zopf 1888 and Harposporium crassum A.M. Sheph 1955 according to the morphological characteristic. To our knowledge, all Arthrobotrys and Harposporium species identified in this study are reported for the first time in Türkiye.
Effect of trap bait and colours, and number of entry holes in monitoring of Drosophilidae (Diptera) species in a fig orchard
Authors: Akşit Tülin , Kesici Mehmet Alper , Kiss Balazs , Deutsch Ferenc , Başpınar Hüseyin
Published: September 2024

The study's objective was to evaluate how the capture rate of bottle traps is influenced by their color, number of entry holes, and bait liquids.For this purpose, yellow, blue, green, red, black, white, and transparent (colourless) traps were tested. Apple cider vinegar, grape vinegar, white wine, yeast, and water (control) were used as bait liquids. The number of entry holes was 2, 4, 6, and 8 holes per trap on the side of the bottle traps. The experiments were conducted in a randomised block design with three replicates in a fig orchard (variety Bursa Siyahı) with 437 trees in Aydın province from September 2018 to March 2019. In total, 48 traps were mounted on the experimental trees (1 trap per 1 tree), and counting of the drosophilid individuals in the traps was performed weekly. Red-coloured traps attracted the highest number of drosophilid individuals, followed by yellow-coloured. Regarding different baits, grape vinegar attracted the most drosophilid individuals, followed by white wine. Concerning the number of trap entry holes, the highest number of individuals were caught in traps with the highest number of holes, 8. In all traps, Zaprionus tuberculatus Malloch, 1932 was the species caught in the highest numbers, followed by Drosophila subobscura Collin, 1936 and Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931). Z. tuberculatus was mostly caught in traps containing grape vinegar, while D. subobscura and D. suzukii were mainly caught in traps containing white wine. In our study, the red-coloured traps containing vinegar with 8 entry holes were the most effective in monitoring drosophilid populations.
Aspects of the reproductive biology of sympatric Myrtaceae: Myrceugenia euosma and Siphoneugena reitzii in southern Brazil
Authors: Schramm Corrêa Bruno Jan , Schatz Sá Alexandra Cristina , Neto dos Santos Guilherme , Rodrigues da Costa André , Mantovani Adelar , Lopes da Costa Bortoluzzi Roseli
Published: September 2024

Background: The Myrtaceae family represents one of the most diverse groups in South America. Yet, there are few studies on their reproductive characteristics. Among the species with limited information on their reproductive behavior are Myrceugenia euosma (O. Berg) D. Legrand and Siphoneugena reitzii D. Legrand.
Questions: What are the floral attractions and resources of M. euosma and S. reitzii for pollinators? Who are the pollinators of these species? What is the predominant reproductive system in both species?     
Studied species: M. euosma and S. reitzii, two sympatric Myrtaceae from southern Brazil.
Study site and dates: Urubici, Painel, and Rio Rufino, Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. November 2021 - February 2022.
Methods: Information was obtained on morphological aspects, anthesis time, stigmatic viability, floral resources, structures attractive to visitors, olfactory testing, observation and identification of floral visitors, and reproductive system testing.
Results: The flowers of M. euosma opens between 11 am and 17 pm (- 20 pm), with full opening occurring mostly at night; S. reitzii flowers open between 4 a.m. and 6 a.m., with a highest peak by 8 a.m. Flowers of both species have receptive stigmas until senescence. Pollen is the primary floral reward and the scent coming from the anthers combined with the floral display attract native bees and Apis mellifera, legitimate pollinators of both species. The lack of fruit development in the self-pollination tests support cross reproduction in both taxa.
Conclusions: Both species exhibit traits consistent with melittophily syndrome and potential self-incompatibility. These results are essential for conservation efforts.