bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fintech regulation in the European Union: trends and blurred lines
Authors:   Visiting lecturer, TalTech-Tallinn University of Technology, Aben Janika , Etti Paula ,   Expert in new technologies and finances; adviser of Ministry of Finance of Estonia
Published: November 2022

Digitalisation, innovative financial services technologies and new business models hope for borderless markets. Financial technology (Fintech) is looking to be another player in this market. In order to increase the integrity of the EU common market and the size of its capital market, new legislative initiatives have been designed to level the playing field for all participants and to rethink the traditional concepts of capital flows and instruments and the risks associated with opening the capital market up to new participants. Financial services like crowdfunding platforms are transforming the services concept, while the risks associated with the digital operations of financial services place the entire digital finance world on the same level. In this context, this paper examines the EU's efforts to create a seamless legal environment.
Investigación: Una integración de las ciencias
Authors: Amado Oliveros Giovanni Fernando , Cifuentes Osorio Gabriel Ricardo , González González Andrés , Guerrero Arroyave Claudia Patricia , Lara Buitrago Paola Andrea , Rodríguez Rodríguez Carlos Mario , Sandoval Cuellar Carolina
Published: November 2022

Espacios de encuentro como la Semana Internacional de Investigación e Innovación de la Universidad de Boyacá constituyen un ambiente ideal para la integración de saberes, el intercambio de experiencias y sensaciones, la socialización de buenas prácticas, la difusión y dinamización del conocimiento. En este encuentro, la fusión de diferentes pensamientos, enriquece el desarrollo de lazos de apoyo entre investigadores y promueve la gestión de la ciencia, la tecnología, la innovación, el arte y la cultura.
Estrategias didácticas a través del modelo pedagógico institucional
Authors: Cruz Rubio Shirley Gigiola , Aguilera Becerra Astrid Maribel , Urbano Cáceres Eliana Ximena , Quintero Bautista Orlando , Vargas Hernández Diana Elizabeth , Benítez Ramírez Dora Marcela , Arango Pinzón Marcela Natalia , Parra Serna Rafael Antonio , Ramírez López Laura Ximena
Published: November 2022

En este texto se muestran nueve experiencias desarrolladas por docentes de la Universidad de Boyacá consideradas exitosas porque a través de estas se pudo lograr una mayor efectividad en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, estas didácticas permiten abordar el conocimiento de forma innovadora.
Prácticas exitosas aplicadas a la formación por competencias
Authors: Cruz Rubio Shirley Gigiola , Castro Fajardo Hermes , Manjarrés Hernández Elsa Helena , Gómez Rodríguez Alida Marcela , Beltrán Pineda Mayra Eleonora , Valbuena Rodriguez Diana Carolina , Cuéllar Rodriguez Luz Angela , Castellanos Rozo José Miguel , Barreto Bedoya Paola , Rodríguez Bohórquez David Alberto , Álvarez Mejía Mónica Alexandra , Quiroga Buitrago Nancy Consuelo , Jaimes Bernal Claudia Patricia
Published: November 2022

La Universidad publica los resultados de los trabajos de los docentes que, previa evaluación, han demostrado tener éxito en la formación académica de nuestros estudiantes, como un incentivo para que continúen mejorando en sus procesos didácticos y cada vez sean más exitosos en su labor.
Soil and Water Conservation Engineering Techniques to Modify the Rhizosphere Climate of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) for Improving Water Use Efficiency and Yield
Authors: Harinarayanan Mallapurath Narayanamangalam , Ramanatha Subbiah , Nagarajan Karuppalaki , Kalarani Muthusamy Karuppusamy , Sathyamoorthy Nagaranai Karuppasamy , Geethalakshmi Indran , Ramya Sundarapandian
Published: November 2022

The research was conducted to study the performance of cucumber under protected conditions with different plastic mulches. This experiment was conducted in a split plot design, having irrigation levels as main plot and mulches as subplots. The study revealed that mulching helped to maintain the soil moisture higher than bare soil and black mulch showed higher soil temperature and soil moisture (23.3%) under 100% irrigation. Plant height and yield was also influenced by mulching. Plant height and yield decreased in relation to reduction of the irrigation level. The highest water use efficiency (WUE) was found under 50% irrigation and black mulch plot (32 kg·m−3). In conclusion, black mulch with 100% irrigation performed well among the treatments because of higher moisture and favourable soil temperature. In consideration of WUE, black mulch with 50% irrigation performed well.
Numerical Criterion for the Duration of Non-Chaotic Transients in ODEs
Authors: Szczebiot Ryszard , Kaczyński Roman , Gołdyn Leszek
Published: November 2022

The paper proposes an original numerical criterion for the duration analysis of non-chaotic transients based on the Euclidean norm of a properly defined vector. For this purpose, transient trajectories, prior to their entering a small neighbourhood of the limit cycle, are used. The vector has been defined with its components constituting the lengths of the sections, which connect the origin of the coordinate system with appropriately determined transient trajectory points. The norm of the vector for the analysis of non-chaotic transients has also been applied. As an assessment criterion of transients, the convergence of the norm to small neighbourhood of the limit cycle with the assumed accuracy is used. The paper also provides examples of the application of this criterion to the Van der Pol oscillators in the case of periodic oscillations.
Application of the Deformation Fracture Criterion to Cracking of Disc Specimens with a Central Narrow Slot
Authors: Kazberuk Andrzej
Published: November 2022

Using the method of singular integral equations, the elastic-plastic problem for cracked Brazilian disk was solved. Based on the Dugdale model and deformation fracture criterion, the relationships between critical load, notch tip opening displacement and length of the plastic strips were established. Also, the comparison between the present solution for the finite domain and the known solution obtained for the semi-infinite notch in the elastic plane was performed.
Agreement of measures between measured body adiposity and calculated indices of fatness in sedentary and active male and female students
Authors: Malara Marzena , Kęska Anna , Tkaczyk Joanna , Lutosławska Grażyna
Published: November 2022

Study aim: Our study was undertaken to analyze agreement between measured body fat and different indices of fatness in students of both sexes and with different physical activity.

Materials and methods: A total of 330 students not engaged in regular physical activity (150 males and 180 females) and 356 students (180 males and 176 females) engaged in regular physical activity due to their study program (5–7 h/week) were recruited. In all participants body adiposity was measured from skinfold thickness. In addition, calculated indices of fatness based on waist (WC) and hip circumference (HC), such as abdominal volume index (AVI), body adiposity index (BAI) and relative fat mass (RFM) were calculated.

Results: The analysis of Bland-Altman plots revealed that agreement between measured and calculated body fat was found for RFM and BAI in sedentary and active men and for BAI in sedentary women, but not for measured body fat and RFM in sedentary women and for RFM and BAI in active women.

Discussion: Our study showed that in young adult Poles of both sexes and with different physical activity, the calculated obesity rates should be used with caution, especially in women, as an indicator of total body fat.
Appraisal of Teaching and Supervision Load of Academic Staff in Selected Universities in Nigeria
Authors: Oladejo Segilola Yewande
Published: November 2022

Nigerian universities have been attributed to lack of funds, inadequate infrastructure, improper teaching aids (laboratories, projectors, libraries, and computers) and irregular or lack, thereof, of salary as evidenced in some states in Nigeria. It is of little wonder then that the work performance of academic staff will spiral down particularly in terms of their teaching and supervision, research and publication and their involvement in community development services. This study, therefore, assessed teaching and supervision load of lecturers in some selected universities in Nigeria. Data were obtained using semi-structured questionnaire from nine universities. Through proportional sampling technique, 25% of the academic staff in each university were selected giving a total of 969 as the sample size. Data were analyzed using SPSS. The results showed that teaching and supervision load of the academic staff was quite heavy; hence, concluding that the performance of academic staff in terms of their teaching and supervision in the selected universities is unsatisfactory.
Against steady state
Authors: Garzanti Eduardo , Sternai Pietro
Published: November 2022

Nature is never at a steady state. Natural history is generated by ever-new and ever-interacting forces that produce continuous changes. At virtually all timescales, the geological record shows that these changes do not cancel each other out and, thus, that the steady state is utopic. However, we need a state of equilibrium as a starting point for modelling Nature, and the steady-state condition is widely used as a reference in idealisations aimed at understanding natural processes. The present contribution is meant as an epistemological note of caution − from Earth scientists to Earth scientists − aimed at discouraging the use of theoretical models as true evidence instead of terms of comparison.
Evaluation of Physiological Stress Experienced by Divers Maintaining an Upright Position on the Water Surface Depending on the Buoyancy Control Device
Authors: Żebrowska Aleksandra , Siermontowski Piotr , Mikołajczyk Rafał , Sikora Marcin , Łakomy Olga
Published: November 2022

The knowledge of physiological reactions enabling a diver increasing the functional reserve in a life-threatening situation is not yet complete. It is suggested that the ability to adapt to prolonged stress experienced by divers maintaining an upright position on the water surface is associated with the diver’s individual characteristics and the type of the buoyancy control device. The purpose of this study was to perform a preliminary evaluation of physiological variables in divers wearing two different types of buoyancy control device and floating upright at the surface to determine the level of safety offered by each of them. The physiological variables were measured while participants wearing a classical dive vest and a wing dive vest. The oxygen uptake and heart rate measured after 30 minutes of experiment were significantly greater in participants using wing dive vest than classical dive vest. The results confirm the possibility of using physiological indicators to compare the fatigue and rescue function in divers depending on the buoyancy control device type.
Intangible asset accounting outlook: Valuation and reporting
Authors: DRUZHILOVSKAYA Tat'yana Yu.
Published: November 2022

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the regulation of the valuation of intangible assets and reflection of information about them in reporting.
Objectives. The article aims to identify the prospects for solving the problematic aspects of the intangible assets valuation and reflection in reporting.
Methods. For the study, I used a critical analysis, synthesis, comparison, observation, and the analogy approach.
Results. The article identifies problematic aspects of intangible assets valuation and information disclosure in reporting. It presents the results of a study of new approaches to the intangible assets valuation and reporting information reflection in FSBU 14/2022 – Intangible Assets Standard, and in the FSBU Projects – Intangible Assets, developed by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the National Non-Governmental Accounting Regulator "Accounting Methodological Center" (NRBU BMTs Fund).
Conclusions and Relevance. FSBU 14/2022 – Intangible Assets Standard and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the NRBU BMTs Fund's Projects contain regulations on the initial and subsequent measurements of intangible assets, their useful life, amortization methods, reflection of information in reporting, which differ from the rules of PBU 14/2007 – Accounting for Intangible Assets. Each of the Projects under consideration has both advantages and disadvantages with regard to the intangible assets valuation and reflection in reporting. The FSBU 14/2022 regulations are similar to those ones presented in the FSBU Project, developed by the Ministry of Finance of Russia. The adoption of FSBU 14/2022 is a step forward with regard to the regulation of intangible assets valuation and reporting compared to PBU 14/2007. The results obtained have both practical and theoretical areas of application in the field of financial accounting.
Implementation of Russian national IT projects within the framework of the concept of digital transformation of Russian regions
Authors: UMAROV Husan S.
Published: November 2022

Subject. The article considers specific features of the implementation of Russian national projects in the field of information technology.
Objectives. The purpose is to examine factors that can both contribute to and hinder successful implementation of Russian national IT projects.
Methods. The study draws on general scientific research methods.
Results. The paper presents the results of work of Russian digital services in 2021–2022, formulates the most in-demand online services in Russia, highlights promising areas for the implementation of national IT projects.
Conclusions. It is crucial to eliminate legal barriers that impede the development of artificial intelligence technologies on Russian information platforms. An important task in the field of digitalization of the economy is the development and implementation of Russian software.
Evaluation of Covid-19 Surveillance in Solok Selatan District in 2021
Authors: Astuti Yulia , Gusti Aria , Ramadhani Mery
Published: November 2022

The case of COVID-19 that occurred at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China and finally spread in almost all countries, so that in March 2020 the world health organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic. In March 2021, Indonesia was ranked 20th with confirmed positive cases totaling 1.505775. Solok Selatan Regency until June 30, 2021, the number of positive cases is 1,615. This study aims to determine the success of surveillance in terms of input, process and output as well as indicators of COVID-19 response with mixed methods. At each stage of the input, process and output there are still unfulfilled while the COVID-19 control indicators are still not running well where from the indicators studied only 40% are met, so the Health Office needs to pay attention to improve each stage that has not been met so that implementation of good COVID-19 Surveillance from the input, process and output stages and indicators of COVID-19 prevention
Modern aspects of photodynamic therapy of basal cell skin cancer
Authors: Reshetov I. V. , Korenev S. V. , Romanko Yu. S.
Published: November 2022

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the most effective treatments for basal cell skin cancer (BCC). As the incidence rate of BCC is increasing worldwide, interest in developing new methods for diagnosing and treating this disease, taking into account long-term cosmetic results, is growing. The review article presents the results of domestic and foreign studies on the treatment of BCC with PDT. The presented results of studies from various domestic and foreign clinics indicate the high efficiency of independent PDT and a combination of PDT with other treatment methods. PDT is proposed to be used in combination with surgical methods and radiation therapy, immunomodulating and chemotherapeutic agents, and inhibitors of molecules involved in the carcinogenic process. These new strategies open the way to increasing the effectiveness of treatment and prevention of BCC. Moreover, in all studies, the safety of this non-invasive treatment, a low level of adverse reactions during therapy, good tolerance for the patient and excellent cosmetic treatment results are noted. The guidelines currently being developed in Europe and the United States provide consistent expert advice that reflects current published evidence of treatment outcomes for BCC using PDT. Moreover, the recommendations emphasize that the treatment plan for patients with “difficult to treat” BCC should be discussed at an interdisciplinary oncological council.
Photodynamic therapy in a patient with hpv-associated lsil of the cervice (clinical case)
Authors: Filonenko E. V. , Grigoryevykh N. I. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: November 2022

The article describes a clinical example of timely, safe and effective photodynamic therapy (PDT) in a patient diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV) CIN I-associated cervical cancer after ineffective vaccination with 4-valent Gardasil vaccine. Clinical case demonstrates the low effectiveness of HPV vaccination in patients with established HPV infection. In this patient, the lack of adequate treatment for about 1.5 years led to the development of HPV associated CIN I of the cervix. Center for Laser and Photodynamic Diagnostics and Therapy of Tumors and MRI P.A. Herzen, the patient underwent a course of antiviral PDT with the achievement of complete regression of dysplasia and complete eradication of HPV viruses. The patient tolerated the treatment well, without complications. The period of relapse-free follow-up is 19 months.
THE PROBLEMS OF THE RIGHT TO CLEAN WATER FROM THE SALUKI RIVER FLOW FOR THE POST-DISASTER PASIGALA COMMUNITY
Authors: Yunus Nursiah Moh , Rosdian Rosdian , Saleh Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Clean water supply is an essential issue for the community, especially after the earthquake, tsunami and liquefaction disasters hit Palu City Sigi Regency and Donggala Regency (PASIGALA). Three years after the disaster, clean water supply in the area decreases that they have to rely on supply from water tanker. Water can be regarded as a part of the human rights. Therefore, the state should manage the water resources to ensure adequate supply. Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution states that the right to manage the water resources for the community welfare. This normative research explains the fulfilment of the right to water in Indonesia as stipulated in Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This research addresses the challenges in securing clean water access for the PASIGALA community after the disaster related to: 1) how global perspectives and understandings have evolved to acknowledge the significance of water resources and (2) water supply as a fundamental human right.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR MEDICAL AND HEALTH PERSONNEL IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COVID-19 VACCINATION
Authors: Hendarsyah Faddly
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 brought significant upheaval to human life, leading to widespread fatalities and prompting global efforts to combat the pandemic. Vaccination has emerged as a paramount solution, with governments mandating COVID-19 immunization to stem the disease's spread, facilitated by Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) due to the urgency of the public health crisis. This research adopts normative juridical and empirical legal research methodologies, gathering data from diverse sources including literature, laws, regulations, and interviews. Findings underscore that medical and health personnel receive legal protection in administering COVID-19 vaccines, encompassing both preventive and repressive measures. Potential factors contributing to medical disputes include Unexpected Events post-vaccination, incomplete information from healthcare providers, gaps in patient medical history documentation, erroneous vaccine recipient assessment, and healthcare worker negligence. Proactive measures such as AEFI education, ensuring vaccine quality and safety, adherence to proper vaccination protocols, enhancing healthcare worker knowledge and skills, and implementing effective patient education strategies are essential to mitigating these risks.
Unmasking the Intrapancreatic Accessory Spleen
Authors: Lazow Stefanie P , Sheth Ketan R
Published: November 2022

Despite the availability of various diagnostic studies including CT, MRI, nuclear medicine images, and endoscopic ultrasound, the differentiation of Intrapancreatic Accessory Spleen (IPAS) from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor remains challenging. We present the case of a 40-year-old male with an incidentally found intrapancreatic lesion with indeterminate imaging diagnosis. A CT demonstrated accessory spleens at the splenic hilum. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed. Pathology resulted with benign IPAS. Despite indeterminate imaging, a high suspicion for IPAS should be maintained in patients with other accessory spleens.
ESTABLISHMENT OF CREATIVE ECONOMY OF REGIONS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DETERMINANTS OF INTELLECTUAL AND INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   PHEI “Academician Yuriy Bugay International Scientific and Technical University”, Khanin Semen
Published: November 2022

The article examines the development of post-industrial economy in the direction of creative economy under the influence of intellectual and innovative determinants. The globalization tendencies that became the impetus for the formation of post-industrial social development and the formation of the creative economy of socio-economic systems are highlighted. Such globalization trends include: long-term active scientific and technical development, which caused the automation and computerization of production and technical processes and their management to increase the value of intellectual labor; opportunities to increase added value due to the results of intellectual work and making non-standard, creative decisions; general informatization and digitalization of economic activity; the need to constantly search for new competitive opportunities; directing efforts to find creative approaches to attract new consumers and increase demand for products and services; wide spread of market forms of economic relations and intensification of competition; directing efforts to generate new ideas and knowledge to expand the potential for economic systems; dissemination of free cross-border movement of economic resources; search for new opportunities to identify and use the latent potential of territories; stable legal regulation of interstate relations and trade operations; dissemination of technical capabilities and development of information and communication technologies. It is proved that the imperatives of formation of creative economy of regions under the influence of intellectual and innovative determinants include: globalization, scientific and technical, cultural, human-centric imperatives, digitalization of economic processes and compliance with the principles of sustainable developm
STATE REGULATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT: A SYSTEM APPROACH
Authors:   State Tax University, Pіlevych Dmytro
Published: November 2022

The state policy of entrepreneurship support requires the implementation of appropriate institutional measures for at-tracting and active use investment resources, solving the problem of unemployment, optimizing logistics processes.The arti-cle substantiates the basic principles of state regulation of business development based on the use of a systematic approach.The purpose of the article is to form the conceptual foundations of state regulation of business development in crisis macroe-conomic conditions on the basis of a system approach. The importance and main aspects of state regulation of business de-velopment for the economy of Ukraine in wartime has been substantiated. A system of state regulation of business develop-ment has been formed. According to the system methodology, the state regulation of business development should be considered as a system that allows to determine the following: the system of state regulation of business development is a dynamic system that is constantly updated under the influence of changes in endogenous influence; purposefulness is the fundamental basis for the functioning of this system; state institutions form the internal environment of this system, and the implementation of their links and relations with each other and with the business sector is possible only on the basis of re-sources and common interests.The model of state regulation of business development in the context of the system approach has been offered. The priorities of state regulation of small and medium business development in the military economy have been determined. The use of a systematic approach in the state regulation of entrepreneurial activity can form a methodolog-icalbasis for studying the processes of state regulation as a complex system of interacting elements with further substantia-tion of the principles and laws of functioning and development. Government regulation can be seen not only as a priority function, but as a coherence of relations, connections and tools that contribute to the formation of effective business units
CHANGE IN THE TARIFF RATE OF WASTE DISPOSAL SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN LAND USE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE LUTSK CLUSTER OF THE VOLYN REGION)
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Yevsiukov Taras , Petrovych Oleksandr ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2022

n the modern business environment, the issue of ensuring ecological and natural-technogenic safety of the population's vital activities is urgent. The higher the level of urbanization, the more resources are consumed and, accordingly, the amount of waste when using such resources increases. Ukraine belongs to the countries with a high level of urbanization. 94%of all waste in Ukraine is placed in landfills and landfills, which in turn are placed, built and used in violation of environmental safety standards.Regional non-hazardous waste landfills are a modern analogue of solid waste landfills. They require an informed decision regarding their location, area, construction approaches, etc. In this case, there is a need to calculate a new tariff for the waste disposal service.The authors made an attempt to calculate the change in the tariff rate for the waste disposal service in the context of new land uses of non-hazardous waste disposal facilities on the example of a regional non-hazardous waste landfill with an area of 28 hectares near the village of Klepachiv of the Lutsk Territorial Community of the Lutsk District of the Volyn Region. For this purpose, the normative monetary valuation of the plot was calculated for the calculation of the rent on its basis when the plot of land is withdrawn for public needs. Taking into account the costs of design and construction, operation, reclamation and post-operational care of the landfill, the maximum cost of construction of a non-hazardous waste landfill was calculated. Knowing the sum of all costs for the entire design period of the landfill's existence and its reclamation, a monthly tariff is calculated, which must be paid by all residents of the service area of this landfill. A comparison of the project tariff and the existing one is also provided.The results of the comparison of the two tariffs make it possible to further study modern waste management problems and find the most effective approaches to their solution.
INDICATORS OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF GROWING DOMINANT GREENSHELL POULTRY
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Ryabukhа Galina , Kazak Oleksandr ,   PBC «Poliski kurchata» LLC, Tertychna Olga ,   Institute of Agroecology and Nature Management  of the National Academy of Sciences, Shevchenko Lyubov ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Ponomarchuk Anna ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University
Published: November 2022

The article examines the peculiarities of the DOMINANT GREENSHELL egg-laying poultry, in particular, the indicator of laying capacity in floor-level growing. Environmental factors affecting the viability and productivity of chickens have beenanalyzed. Data of the experiment has been given and such shortcomings of keeping as loss and high specific weight of dirty and broken eggs have been revealed. The components of the cost price and the change in the cost price of finished products in different periods of poultry breeding have been highlighted. On the basis of the conducted experiment, an explanation has been made regarding the impact of production costs on the cost price of eggs, in particular compound feed. The profitability of the production of eggs with a colored shell for floor-level growing has been analyzed and the necessity of selling them in the premium segment has been proved.
Obesity ant its' influence on the formation of insulin resistance and oxidative stress, experimental study
Authors:   The N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Mikaelyan N.P. , Shestopalov A.V. ,   The N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Mikaelyan A.A. ,   The N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Komarov O.S. ,   The N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Gurina A.E. ,   The N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Published: November 2022

Purpose. To study influence of abdominal obesity on the formation of peripheral insulin resistance and development of oxidative stress in rats. Materials and methods. Diabetes was developed in 90 white male rats and nonporous females of the Wistar line weighing 80–120 g. In the first group of rats, diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of a 2.5% solution of the antibiotic streptozotocin at a dose of 60 mg/kg of animal weight during a 24–48-hours fasting. In the second group, newborn rats were given a 2.5% solution of streptozotocin once at a dose of 60 mg/kg of body weight, while these rats received a diet enriched with lipids. The composition of the diet included: 8% protein, 30% fat, 62% carbohydrates. The control group received an equivalent amount of saline. The dynamics of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism was assessed. Results. In rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) with abdominal obesity and DM2 without obesity structural and functional disorders developed in the membranes of erythrocytes and eye lens fibers, which correlate with indicators of glucose-insulin homeostasis and the level of lipid peroxidation. However, in rats with DM2 and abdominal obesity, the changes in the studied parameters were more significant. Conclusion. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes in obese rats, along with dyslipidemia, leads to the formation of insulin resistance, as evidenced by an increase in the degree of hyperglycemia, a decrease in the activity of insulin receptors and glucose uptake by cells against the background of the development of oxidative stress. The initiating factor of eye lens clouding in cataracts in rats with DM and obesity is apparently a shift in osmolarity in the cells of lens fiber membranes because of the accumulation of insoluble forms of sorbitol and fructose in them. Key words: diabetes mellitus; obesity; streptozotocin; antioxidants; insulin receptors; diabetic cataract; senile cataract
GENETIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kalesnik M. V.
Published: November 2022

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common pathology with a high risk of mortality. The problem of diagnosis is exacerbated by the fact that currently there is no specific diagnostic method for AKI, and renal replacement therapy remains the main effective method of treatment. Genetic typing has been suggested as a potential solution to this problem, which promotes the development of an individual approach to each patient and facilitates the detection of the disease at an early stage. The identification and studying the role of genetic markers specific for AKI will allow the development of new approaches to the prevention and treatment of renal pathology. The article presents the data of existing studies on the issue. It can be concluded that the problem is multifaceted and requires further study.
Big-data analytics en seguros
Authors: Guillen Montserrat , Padilla-Barreto Alemar E. , Bolancé Catalina
Published: November 2022

La revolución del big-data ha impactado en el sector asegurador más de lo que se esperaba, hasta convertirse en un ejemplo paradigmático de lo que es la nueva economía digital. La gran cantidad de datos y la modelización predictiva en seguros representan un punto de inflexión y una oportunidad de oro para canalizar la teoría del riesgo hacia la predicción de las pérdidas. Los cambios son radicales y demandan transformaciones profundas a nivel organizacional. En este trabajo presentamos algunas reflexiones sobre lo que supone la incorporación del Analytics en una compañía de seguros y mostramos su inherente complejidad mediante un caso ya testado con éxito.
Modelización estocástica de los requisitos de capital de Solvencia II por el riesgo de caídas de cartera para un seguro de vida de larga duración
Authors: Vilar Zanón Jose Luis , Dylewska Ewa , Gil Fana José Antonio , Heras Antonio
Published: November 2022

La observación de la estructura de los requisitos de capital de Solvencia II para un ejemplo de un seguro de vida y supervivencia indica que el elemento principal del sub-módulo de riesgo de suscripción de vida se corresponde con el riesgo de caídas de cartera. Por lo tanto, la primera tarea en la optimización de los requisitos de capital consiste en la búsqueda de posibles reducciones de requisitos de capital correspondientes a este riesgo. Los resultados del análisis implican que para productos similares al estudiado la fórmula estándar puede ser demasiado onerosa respecto a los requisitos de capital por riesgo de cartera.
Lucro cesante por invalidez permanente derivada de accidente de circulación: valoración versus baremo
Authors: de la Peña Esteban J. Iñaki , Peña-Cerezo Miguel Ángel , Fotinopoulou Olga
Published: November 2022

Con el fin de racionalizar las indemnizaciones producidas por los siniestros personales de los accidentes de circulación, en España se ha fijado un Baremo (Ley 35/2015, de 22 septiembre) que además de establecer compensaciones por perjuicios personales o no patrimoniales, se sistematizan y dotan de sustantividad propia las indemnizaciones por daños patrimoniales (daño emergente y lucro cesante). A diferencia del anterior baremo, el Baremo de 2015 se desarrolla en base a una metodología actuarial para los casos de fallecimiento, invalidez y ayudas a terceras personas, dotándose de una amplia casuística. No obstante, se prevén determinados casos en los que resulta pertinente la realización de una valoración actuarial individualizada que conducirá a la determinación de la cuantía de la indemnización correspondiente. El objetivo del presente trabajo es contrastar la idoneidad de los factores (biométricos, económicos e institucionales) que afectan a la valoración actuarial del lucro cesante en el nuevo Baremo (siguiendo la metodología expuesta en las Bases Técnicas Actuariales), en los casos en los que el accidentado termine en una incapacidad permanente. Esta contrastación indica una serie de casos en los que puede ser pertinente una valoración individualizada que se escapa de los límites fijados en el Baremo. Por otra parte, la contrastación individualizada de los factores significativos identifica la influencia de cada factor en la indemnización final y ayuda a la comprensión de la indemnización final obtenida.
Modelo de equidad actuarial de operaciones tontinas
Authors: Villerino David
Published: November 2022

El aumento de la longevidad es un reto importante tanto para las aseguradoras y los sistemas de pensiones globales, como para los propios individuos que pueden enfrentarse al riesgo de vivir más años de lo que sus ahorros permiten. Los productos actuales del mercado de vida no tienen una capacidad suficiente para contrarrestar este efecto de longevidad, por lo que existe una demanda de nuevos productos. En este artículo, rescatamos las operaciones tontinas, una forma de seguro de vida que se hizo popular hace más de tres siglos, que fue ilegalizada y que hoy presentamos como alternativa ante este escenario de incremento de la longevidad global.
On flood risk management across socio-economic environments
Authors: Ni  , Ni Weihong , Henshaw Kira , Zhu Wei , Wang Jing , Hu Maoqi , Constantinescu Corina
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we discuss the insuring of flood losses across socio-economic environments, by pooling their risk exposures at continental and global levels. Grouping regions by their flood count over the last century, we cluster countries based on estimations of their value-at-risk, minimising the total value-at-risk from all clusters, as in Prettenthaler, Albrecher, Asadi, and Köberl (2017). Using heavy-tailed distributions to model the losses (presented as percentages of GDPs and adjusted to inflation), we seek an optimal risk pooling strategy across countries, irrespective of their socio-economic status. The financial benefits for such risk sharing, both at the continental and global levels, are quantified by the overall corresponding values-at-risk with or without pooling. We advocate this risk partner- ship across socio-economic environments, as a mechanism for reducing risk premiums and increasing efficiency in disaster response.
Una propuesta de pensión de viudedad basada en la situación económica y familiar
Authors: Arsuaga Ainara , Arsuaga Ainara , De La Peña J. Iñaki , Villanueva Gorka
Published: November 2022

La Pensión de viudedad de la Seguridad Social española es la segunda prestación pública que más gasto genera. Atendiendo a su propia finalidad: paliar la necesidad económica, así como analizando la experiencia de 4 países europeos del entorno económico en España (Alemania, Francia, Reino Unido e Irlanda), este trabajo detecta los factores relevantes para reformarla. Estos son: edad, situación familiar y la situación económica en el momento del fallecimiento. En base a ellos, este trabajo realiza una propuesta que particulariza para cada beneficiario la pensión de viudedad resultante.
Slater transition methods for core-level electron binding energies
Authors: Jana Subrata , Herbert John
Published: November 2022

Methods for computing core-level ionization energies using self-consistent field (SCF) calculations are evaluated and benchmarked. These include a "full core hole" or "Delta-SCF" approach that fully accounts for orbital relaxation upon ionization, but also methods based on Slater's transition concept, in which the binding energy is estimated from the orbital energy level obtained from a fractional-occupancy SCF calculation. A generalization that uses two different fractional-occupancy SCF calculations is also considered. The best of the Slater-type methods afford mean errors of 0.3-0.4 eV with respect to experiment for a data set of K-shell ionization energies, a level of accuracy that is competitive with much more expensive methods. An empirical shifting procedure with one adjustable parameter reduces the average error below 0.3 eV. This shifted Slater transition method is a simple and practical way to compute core-level binding energies using only initial-state Kohn-Sham eigenvalues, and may be useful for complex systems where alternative approaches are either inconvenient or too expensive.
A Free Phosphaborene Stable at Room Temperature
Authors: Li Jiancheng , Lu Zhihao , Liu Liu Leo
Published: November 2022

Free phosphaborenes (R–P≡B–R) are PB analogs of alkynes and their isolation is a long-sought-after goal. Herein, we demonstrate that the combination of a π-donating and a π-accepting substituent with bulky flanking arene rings enables the isolation of a crystalline free phosphaborene 5 at room temperature. This electron push-pull cooperation, combined with the kinetic protection, hinders its inherent tendency to oligomerize. This species features a PB triple bond consisting of a conventional σ bond, a delocalized π bond and a weakly overlapped “slipped” π bond. Preliminary reactivity studies show that 5 undergoes facile (cyclo)addition reactions with p-methyl benzaldehyde, p-fluoroacetophenone and carbon disulfide, the last of which results in facile PB triple bond cleavage. Our strategy has a significant impact on the future synthesis of ambiphilic heterodiatomic multiply bonded main group species.
Engineered Binding Microenvironments in Halogen Bonding Polymers for Enhanced Anion Sensing
Authors: Bąk Krzysztof M. , Patrick Sophie C. , Li Xiaoxiong , Beer Paul D. , Davis Jason J.
Published: November 2022

Mimicking nature’s biopolymeric protein architectures by designing hosts with binding cavities shielded from the bulk solvent environment is a promising approach to achieving anion recognition in competitive protic media. Accomplishing this, however, can be synthetically demanding. Herein we present a more synthetically tractable approach, by directly incorporating potent supramolecular anion recognition motifs into a polymeric scaffold, which can be engineered through a judicious selection of the co-monomer. This is demonstrated through a comprehensive analysis of anion recognition and sensing with redox-active, halogen bonding (XB) polymeric host systems. Notably, the polymeric hosts consistently outperform their monomeric analogues, with especially large halide anion binding enhancements by up to 50-fold observed in aqueous-organic solvent mixtures. These enhancements are rationalised by a consideration of generated low dielectric constant binding microenvironments from which there is appreciable solvent exclusion. This approach is applicable to a range of hosts and targets, enabling recognition and sensing in highly polar media, otherwise unattainable with the monomeric units alone.
Enabling late-stage drug diversification by high-throughput experimentation with geometric deep learning
Authors: Nippa David F. , Atz Kenneth , Hohler Remo , Müller Alex T. , Marx Andreas , Bartelmus Christian , Wuitschik Georg , Marzuoli Irene , Jost Vera , Wolfard Jens , Binder Martin , Stepan Antonia F. , Konrad David B. , Grether Uwe , Martin Rainer E. , Schneider Gisbert
Published: November 2022

Late-stage functionalization (LSF) is an economical approach to optimize the properties of drug candidates. However, the chemical complexity of drug molecules often makes late-stage diversification challenging. To address this problem, an LSF platform based on geometric deep learning and high-throughput reaction screening was developed. Considering borylation as a critical step in LSF, the computational model predicted reaction yields for diverse reaction conditions with a mean absolute error margin of 4–5%, while the reactivity of novel reactions with known and unknown substrates were classified with a balanced accuracy of 92% and 67%, respectively. The regioselectivity of the major products was accurately captured in up to 90% of the cases studied. When applied to 23 diverse commercial drug molecules, the platform successfully identified numerous opportunities for structural diversification. The influence of steric and quantum mechanical information on model performance was quantified and a new comprehensive simple user-friendly reaction format (SURF) is introduced which proved to be a key enabler for seamlessly integrating deep learning and high-throughput experimentation (HTE) for LSF.
Basic principle from electrospray ionization to soft ionization mass spectrometry and development of ion source
Authors: luo jiehong
Published: November 2022

Since the electrospray phenomenon was discovered, there is still an unsolved mystery about the prinple of generating charged analyte in the soft ionization phenomenon which represented by ESI. Scientists have described this process from different perspectives, but current theories still can not explain many experimental phenomena. At the same time, the slow development of the theory restricts the design and development of ion source, making it encounter many bottlenecks from the laboratory to commercialization. In this paper, the principle of electrospray ionization and soft ionization mass spectrometry is briefly introduced, and the application of ion migrate and transport mechanism is discussed, all are expected to be used in the development of ion sources.
Controlling the polymorphism of organic/inorganic interfaces with electric fields
Authors: Cartus Johannes J. , Jeindl Andreas , Werkovits Anna , Hörmann Lukas , Hofmann Oliver T.
Published: November 2022

Organic/inorganic interfaces are known to exhibit rich polymorphism, where different polymorphs often possess significantly different properties. Which polymorph forms during an experiment depends strongly on environmental parameters such as deposition temperature and partial pressure of the molecule to be adsorbed. To prepare desired polymorphs these parameters are varied. However, many polymorphs are difficult to access with the experimentally available temperature- pressure ranges. In this contribution, we investigate how electric fields can be used as an additional lever to make certain structures more readily accessible. On the example of tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) on Cu(111), we analyze how electric fields change the energy landscape of interface systems. TCNE on Cu(111) can form either lying or standing polymorphs, which exhibit significantly different work functions. We combine first-principles calculations with a machine-learning based structure search algorithm and ab-initio thermodynamics to demonstrate that electric fields can be exploited to shift the temperature of the phase transition between standing and lying polymorphs by up to 100 K.
The new era of high throughput nanoelectrochemistry
Authors: Xu Xiangdong , Valavanis Dimitrios , Ciocci Paolo , Confederat Samuel , Marcuccio Fabio , Lemineur Jean-François , Actis Paolo , Kanoufi Frédéric , Unwin Patrick
Published: November 2022

Scanning electrochemical probe microscopies (SEPMs) have played a key role in advancing small-scale electrochemistry. SEPMs use an electrochemical probe (micro/nanoelectrode or pipet) to quantify and map local interfacial fluxes of electroactive species and have found increasingly wide applications. Our contribution to the Fundamental and Applied Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 2019 discussed how advances in SEPMs converged towards nanoscale electrochemical mapping. This inflection in experimental capability has opened up myriad opportunities for SEPMs in many types of systems, from material and energy sciences to the life sciences. The enhancement in the spatial resolution of imaging techniques, and instrumental developments, have resulted in significant increases in the size of electrochemical datasets from a typical experiment and served to speed up measurement throughput. Next generation nanoelectrochemistry will thus see an emphasis on “big data”, its analysis, storage and curation, high throughput analysis and parallelization, “intelligent” instruments and experiments, active control of nanoscale systems, and the integration of nanoelectrochemistry and nanoscale micro(spectro)scopy. For this review article, we focus on recent advances in frontier nanoscale electrochemistry, analysis and imaging techniques that are already addressing some of these key targets, and are well-placed to embrace other aspects in the near future. Our goal is to provide an overview of the present state-of-the-art in high throughput nanoelectrochemistry and imaging, and signpost promising new avenues for nanoscale electrochemical methods.