bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПРАВОВИЙ ЗАХИСТ ТА ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ПРАВ ЛЮДИНИ І ОСНОВОПОЛОЖНИХ СВОБОД В УМОВАХ ПОДОЛАННЯ НАСЛІДКІВ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Горбова Н. А. , Палюх А. Я. , Пархета В. І.
Published: April 2023

Наукова стаття присвячена з’ясуванню особливостей та виявленню проблемних аспектів правового захисту та відновлення прав людини і основоположних свобод в умовах подолання наслідків війни. В роботі здійснено розкриття сутності правового захисту та відновлення прав людини і основоположних свобод в умовах подолання наслідків війни, адже повномасштабне вторгнення країни-агресора на територію суверенної правової та демократичної України зумовило значне розбалансування явищ і процесів суспільно-політичного та соціально-економічного характеру. Зазначається, що основні права та свободи людини і громадянина в Україні регламентуються Конституцією та міжнародними нормативно-правовими актами, найбільш вагомим із яких виявляється Конвенція про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод, що імплементовані у вітчизняне законодавство. В досліджені здійснено узагальнення наукових підходів щодо формування переліку прав та свобод людини і громадянина, які можуть бути істотно обмежені в умовах запровадження спеціального правового режиму воєнного стану. Доведено необхідність гарантування громадянам України права на житло, на захист соціально вразливих верств населення, а також тих, що проживають на тимчасово окупованих територіях. Окремо обґрунтовано дестабілізуючий вплив чинників воєнного характеру на забезпечення правового захисту та відновлення прав і основоположних свобод людини та громадянина, що являються підставою для встановлення обмежень щодо прав і основоположних свобод людини і громадянина. У статті значна увага приділена систематизації основних напрямів правового захисту та відновлення прав людини і основоположних свобод в умовах подолання наслідків війни, а також запропоновано ключові заходи адміністративно-правового та цивільно-правового характеру, за допомогою яких можна підвищити ефективність правового захисту та відновлення прав людини і основоположних свобод в умовах подолання наслідків війни.
СУТНІСТЬ І ЗМІСТ ПРИНЦИПІВ КОНСТИТУЦІНО-ПРАВОВОГО СТАТУСУ ЗАСОБІВ МАСОВОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ ТА США
Authors: Улянченко Ю. О.
Published: April 2023

Дана наукова стаття присвячена актуальним проблемам сутності та змісту принципів конституційно-правового статусу засобів масової інформації в Україні та США. Здійснено обґрунтування дослідження конституційно-правового статусу засобів масової інформації, його складових, а також проаналізовано перспективи та недоліки даного статусу в період сьогодення. Визначено конституційно-правові засади організації та діяльності ЗМІ в Україні та США, досліджено місце та статус ЗМІ в сучасному громадянському суспільстві, проаналізовано їхню роль в повсякденному житті суспільства, подано науково обґрунтовані пропозиції, спрямовані на удосконалення діяльності ЗМІ, як в Україні так і в США. Проаналізовано порушення прав та статусу засобів масової інформації, закріплених у Конституції України. Вказано основні причини порушення основ конституційного статусу ЗМІ, наведено класифікацію ЗМІ відповідно до ступеня залежності від держави. З’ясовано, що сьогодні в усьому світі найбільшу цінність містить в собі інформація. Люди постійно сприймають нову інформацію, деколи навіть не помічаючи цього. Телебачення, радіо, газети, журнали, інтернет – є її джерелом, або іншими словами – засобами масової інформації. Що стосується України та США, то вони не стали винятком серед інших держав світу. Чи то політична багатосторонність, чи будь-які інші досить важливі чи сенсаційні новини – вони потребують інформування суспільства. В результаті таку необхідність в отриманні нових відомостей забезпечують мас-медіа. Саме це й обумовлює необхідність регулювання організації і діяльності ЗМІ, що в результаті постає одним із головних завдань, як України так і США. Слід зазначити, що проблема конституційно-правових засад організації та діяльності ЗМІ є багатоаспектною, що зумовило активізацію учених та практиків щодо вивчення та вироблення наукових напрацювань із даної теми.
Murderinos
Authors: Hughes Bella
Published: April 2023

Consumption of true crime podcasts has shot up in recent years, with a majority of listeners being female. There are many things which might draw women to these pieces of media. Women who previously reported elevated levels of fear of violent crime have taken to viewing true crime as a safety measure, wanting to become educated on the stories of others in an effort to not become victims themselves. Many women report feeling more confident that they would know how to avoid or get out of a dangerous situation after learning the details of previous crimes. Production and consumption of true crime media can also lead to increased feelings of justice and a desire to speak out about personal experience or societal and systemic issues. Studies have also been done on the effect of hearing women’s voices on true crime podcasts and its relation to the visualization of mutilation in true crime stories. While earlier studies argue that audiences of true crime media have more anxiety and trepidation around violent crime, I argue that true crime podcasts have many psychological benefits, specifically for women. In their podcast, Karen Kilgariff and Georgia Hardstark tell murder stories with comedic commentary, including advice about how to avoid meeting the same fate as the victims they speak of. Following the success of the podcast, the hosts published Stay Sexy and Don’t Get Murdered: The Definitive How-To Guide, condensing their tips into book form and sharing their own experiences with true crime. Using select episodes from the podcast as well as the book, I will prove that participating in these audio spaces improves feelings that women have agency over their lives, giving them an awareness of what’s happening around them that makes them savvier, helps them notice patterns, and allows them to break out of the dangerous mold society has placed them in.
“Realistic Villains”
Authors: Davis Caitlin
Published: April 2023

Crime films–one of the most beloved forms of crime fiction—have a close relationship with society due to their themes and subject matter. Because of this relationship, crime films are able to use their genre-specific elements to include social commentary within their storylines. Using their victims, suspects, and resolutions of the crimes, modern crime fiction pieces such as Rian Johnson’s 2019 film Knives Out and Halina Reijn’s 2022 film Bodies Bodies Bodies both implement larger conversations within their stories. In Knives Out, the audience follows the mystery behind the sudden death of the renowned author, Harlan Thrombey—the suspects being his family and staff. Within the film’s mystery, Johnson uses elements of the story to recognize and critique those in power who benefit from privilege. Bodies Bodies Bodies focuses on couple Bee and Sophie as they join Sophie’s upper-class influencer friends for a weekend of partying, but mystery ensues when one of the friends is found dead, leaving only those within the house as suspects. Throughout the film, Reijn exemplifies the harmful way younger generations are utilizing technology while also critiquing problematic behaviors within influencer culture. This essay will use these pieces of modern crime fiction to explore how fictional crime narratives can use their stories to include social commentary.
The Rule of Law Crisis in Poland and “Normative Power EU” Thesis: Challenges and Implications
Authors:   Warsaw School of Economics, Leszczyński Paweł
Published: April 2023

Against the backdrop of the “normative power Europe” (Manners, 2002) thesis, this paper investigates the rule of law crisis in Poland and its implications on private companies’ performance and investment decisions. The rule of law plays a crucial role in companies’ investment activity, while at the same time is also a central category in the EU’s legal and political edifice. These two problems are rarely analysed together as inter-linked realities, which, in fact, they are. The central question of this paper is how the rule of law’s deterioration in Poland influences the private investment level in the country’s economy and what it might mean for the further political integration of the EU. Among the theories applied were those linked to the institutional approach, i.e., new institutional economics, while among the methods themselves, it was qualitative methods which were used over quantitative methods. It is argued that the political and legal crisis, which has placed Poland in an adversarial position towards the EU, may result in a long-term deterioration of the investment climate in Poland. It may also induce political instability and legal disintegration in the EU.
Análisis de los cambios estratégicos con impacto positivo en los modelos de negocio de grupos corporativos familiares de la ciudad de Cuenca que se realizaron durante la crisis del Coronavirus
Authors: León-Paredes Esteban , Piedra Aguilera Marco Antonio
Published: April 2023

Analizar el impacto de la COVID-19 en los modelos de negocio de las empresas de la ciudad de Cuenca permite reflexionar sobre el entendimiento de la vulnerabilidad o resiliencia de sus modelos de gestión. Aplicando una réplica del estudio Analyzing the impact of the coronavirus crisis on business models, de Ritter y Pedersen (2020a), con el enfoque del modelo de alineación de cuadrados en 14 casos de grupos corporativos familiares de la ciudad de Cuenca que participan en el estudio, se logró un análisis de los impactos de la pandemia de la COVID-19 en sus modelos de negocio. Al comparar los resultados con los del estudio en Dinamarca, se concluye con la importancia de reconocer los niveles de vulnerabilidad y resiliencia de los modelos de negocio ante una crisis, con lo que se ofrece una herramienta importante para tomar decisiones estratégicas de gestión para la nueva normalidad.                                                                 
Palabras clave: Impacto, estrategia, análisis, resiliencia, empresas, crisis, COVID-19.
Abstractnalyzing the impact of the COVID-19 on business models of companies in the city of Cuenca provides reflections on the understanding of the vulnerability or resilience of their management models. Applying, a replica of the study “Analyzing the impact of the coronavirus crisis on business models” (Ritter & Pedersen, 2020a) using the square alignment model approach in 14 cases of family corporate groups in the city of Cuenca that participate in the study, an analysis of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on their business models was achieved and when comparing the results with those of the study in Denmark, it is concluded with noting the importance of recognizing the levels of vulnerability and resilience of the business models in the face or a crisis thereby offering an important tool for making strategic management decisions for the new normal. 
Keywords: Impact, strategy, analysis, resilience, enterprise, crisis, COVID-19
A Importância do Acompanhamento Familiar no Desenvolvimento e Tratamento da Criança com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade
Authors: Sousa Jucicleia da Silva Nascimento de , Marques Josilene , Alves Kaciane Sousa , Castro Ellen Caroline Lima
Published: April 2023

O Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) é considerado uma condição do neurodesenvolvimento humano que é caracterizado por uma tríade de sintomas envolvendo desatenção, hiperatividade e impulsividade em nível exacerbado e disfuncional para idade, que afeta entre 3% a 8% das crianças e adolescentes. O objetivo do presente estudo foi entender a importância do acompanhamento familiar durante o desenvolvimento e tratamento da criança com TDAH. Tratou-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa, com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu entres os meses de janeiro a março de 2023 utilizado descritores e o operadores booleanos “Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade” AND “Relação Familiar” AND “Saúde da Criança” AND “Saúde Mental” indexadas no portal Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) – LILACS e MEDLANE, artigos publicados nos idiomas inglês e português no período de 2017 a 2023. A amostra selecionada constitui em 12 artigos, de acordo com critérios de inclusão e exclusão. De acordo com as análises dos estudos selecionados evidenciaram algumas dificuldades na relação familiar no cotidiano da criança com TDA. Dessa forma, esses estudos evidenciaram que as interações familiares de pais e filhos que tenham o diagnóstico de TDAH, se caracterizam por mais conflitos, coerção e estresse. Além disso, torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento de projetos de pesquisa para melhorar a qualidade de vida e desenvolver possibilidades de relacionamentos interpessoais, familiares e sociais mais saudáveis e qualitativamente mais positivos para essa criança com TDAH.
Assistência ao paciente séptico internado em leito de terapia intensiva adulto: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Soares Romerio Alves , Pereira Izadora Soares , Sampaio Marcelo Chaves , Duque Marcela de Godoy Carvalho , Oliveira Juliana Nunes Inojosa de , Aquino Teresa Virgínia Macedo de , Santos Luis Antônio Lima , Santos João Victor Freitas dos , Carvalho Isabela Fonseca Bezerra Magalhães , Peixoto Jefferson de Oliveira , Duque Rafael de Godoy Carvalho , Gonçalves Bruna Alves , Carvalho Paulo Arthur Silva de
Published: April 2023

A realização deste estudo justifica-se pela sua relevância acadêmica, científica e social, pautada em apresentar os principais desfechos relacionados aos riscos de sepse, bem como, a assistência e os cuidados voltados para os pacientes críticos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Dessa maneira, o objetivo do presente estudo incide em: Identificar as principais assistências ao paciente séptico na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva adulto. A realização deste estudo, procedeu-se por meio de uma revisão Integrativa da Literatura realizada entre os meses fevereiro e março de 2023, tendo como intuito, investigar atualizações referentes sobre a sepse. Assim, as buscas ocorreram nas bases de dados científicas: LILACS, SCIELO e MEDLINE. Selecionando assim, 11 artigos para compor a amostra final. No que tange a assistência profissional, esse resultado indica que a busca sistemática de sinais de infecção pode levar ao diagnóstico precoce de sepse. O tratamento ágil e adequado é, portanto, a pedra angular de uma abordagem bem-sucedida da sepse. Promover o alívio da dor e de outros desconfortos é uma das principais preocupações no atendimento ao paciente. Outros sintomas comuns, como sudorese, inquietação e dispneia devem ser reconhecidos para que medidas possam ser tomadas para promover a saúde do paciente. Há necessidade de aprofundar as pesquisas sobre os cuidados desenvolvidos pelos profissionais de saúde aos pacientes com sepse para garantir uma assistência de qualidade baseada em evidências científicas e vinculada à prática clínica. Os resultados obtidos refletem a importância do manejo do paciente séptico.
Brain Abscess Developing After Auto-Mastoidectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Sürmeli Halid Alperen , Demireller Merve , Güven Oya , Karakurt Ökkeş , Kurt Erman
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Auto-mastoidectomy is a rare complication that can develop after chronic middle ear infection and can be seen in cases where no response to classical infection treatment is obtained.
Case Report: A 55-year-old male patient applied to the emergency department for a left ear pain complaint. In his examination, he was conscious, but orientation and cooperation were not complete. The brain CT showed a mastoidectomy cavity on the left, but he had never been operated on.
Conclusion: The destruction of bones and tissues may cause the current condition in the brain. This case report examines a case of auto-mastoidectomy, which can be diagnosed when the brain abscess develops.
References:
1. Lee S, Yeo S, Park M, Byun J. Clinical Analysis of 22 Cases with Automastoidectomy Caused by Cholesteatoma. The Journal of International Advanced Otology 2013; 9(2), 232.
2. Semann MT, Megerian CA. The pathophysiology of cholesteatoma. Otolaryngol Clin N Am 2006;39: 1143-59.
3. Prof. Dr. Çetin Vural. Kolesteatom nedir? Available from: https://www.cetinvural.com/kolesteatom/. Accesed 10.4.22
4. Sun J, Sun J. Intracranial complications of chronic otitis media. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 2014; 271(11), 2923-2926.

5. Song SY, Park DW, Koo JH, Lee SR, Park CK, Hahm CK, et. al. CT findings of automastoidectomy: comparison with postmastoidectomy defect of the temporal bone. Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1996; 35(4), 447-452.
Do-it-yourself interactive documentary (i-doc): A post-textual analysis
Authors: Zafra Norman
Published: April 2023

The do-it-yourself (DIY) media culture on the internet is often attached to the power of ordinary users to produce, reproduce, and disseminate content in a decentralised communication platform. The same ethos of self-sufficiency facilitates the proliferation of new style and interactive documentaries designed by professional-amateurs and distributed mainly for the web. No longer the sole province of highly funded media experiments, the creation of interactive projects has been conceivable with the assistance of open source and off-the-shelf authoring software. The present case study investigates this trend by drawing on a post-textual analysis of the author’s independently produced and DIY interactive documentary (i-doc). Using a practitioner-researcher perspective, I explain the creative decisions involved in producing a political i-doc and interrogate how a website performs as a format of small-scale independent documentary project. I argue that the implication of DIY ethos on i-doc production is twofold: it reminds us to focus on functionality over beauty and prompts us to prioritise the story over interactivity. This article concludes on the potential of DIY ethos to fuel the production of citizen i-docs in the Global South.
Proof of Gamma Function using Natural Logarithm and Pi Function
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: April 2023

Several professors of mathematics from the renowned universities in Australia, Canada, Europe, India, USA, etc. argue with me that the gamma function is not related to the factorial function. For them, this paper presents the proof of gamma function using the natural logarithm and Euler’s factorial function, also known as Pi function.
Predicting the effects of rare genetic variants on oncogenic signaling pathways: A computational analysis of HRAS protein function
Authors: Ali Sadaqat , Ali Usman , Qamar Adeem , Zafar Imran , Yaqoob Muhammad , Ain Qurat ul , Rashid Summya , Sharma Rohit , Nafidi Hiba-Allah , Bin Jardan Yousef A. , Bourhia Mohammed
Published: April 2023

The HRAS gene plays a crucial role in regulating essential cellular processes for life, and this gene's misregulation is linked to the development of various types of cancers. Nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) within the coding region of HRAS can cause detrimental mutations that disrupt wild-type protein function. In the current investigation, we have employed in-silico methodologies to anticipate the consequences of infrequent genetic variations on the functional properties of the HRAS protein. We have discovered a total of 50 nsSNPs, of which 23 were located in the exon region of the HRAS gene and denoting that they were expected to cause harm or be deleterious. Out of these 23, 10 nsSNPs ([G60V], [G60D], [R123P], [D38H], [I46T], [G115R], [R123G], [P11OL], [A59L], and [G13R]) were identified as having the most delterious effect based on results of SIFT analysis and PolyPhen2 scores ranging from 0.53 to 69. The DDG values −3.21 kcal/mol to 0.87 kcal/mol represent the free energy change associated with protein stability upon mutation. Interestingly, we identified that the three mutations (Y4C, T58I, and Y12E) were found to improve the structural stability of the protein. We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the structural and dynamic effects of HRAS mutations. Our results showed that the stable model of HRAS had a significantly lower energy value of −18756 kj/mol compared to the initial model of −108915 kj/mol. The RMSD value for the wild-type complex was 4.40 Å, and the binding energies for the G60V, G60D, and D38H mutants were −107.09 kcal/mol, −109.42 kcal/mol, and −107.18 kcal/mol, respectively as compared to wild-type HRAS protein had −105.85 kcal/mol. The result of our investigation presents convincing corroboration for the potential functional significance of nsSNPs in augmenting HRAS expression and adding to the activation of malignant oncogenic signalling pathways.
Blood pressure and renal outcomes after renal artery aneurysm intervention: Single-center experience and review of literature
Authors: Li Siting , Li Fangda , Liu Zhili , Zeng Rong , Ye Wei , Shao Jiang , Zheng Yuehong
Published: April 2023

Objective

To explore the results of hypertension improvement and renal function preservation after renal artery aneurysm (RAA) repair.

Methods

This study retrospectively analyzed the change in blood pressure (BP) and renal outcomes of 59 RAA patients throughout either open or endovascular operations and follow-up at a large center. Patients were grouped according to the difference in their BP at the last follow-up vs. their baseline value. Logistic regression was conducted to explore risk factors for perioperative BP relief and long-term hypertension reonset. Previous studies of RAA with records of BP, blood creatinine level, or GFR/eGFR results are reviewed.

Results

Hypertension was observed in 62.7% (37/59) of the patients included. Postoperative BP declined from 132.20 ± 16.46/79.92 ± 9.64 mmHg to 122.41 ± 11.17/71.10 ± 9.82 mmHg, while eGFR changed from 108.17 ± 24.73 to 98.92 ± 23.87 ml/min/1.73 m2. The median follow-up was 854 [IQR: 1,405] days. Both open and endovascular techniques significantly relieved hypertension and did not impair renal function much. Lower preoperative systolic BP (SBP) was significantly associated with hypertension relief (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70–0.99). Among patients with normal BP after the operation, higher postoperative SBP was significantly associated with new-onset hypertension (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01–1.29). Literature review indicated that renal function usually remained normal at follow-up, whereas relief of hypertension varied.

Conclusion

Patients with lower preoperative SBP were likely to benefit more from the operation, while higher postoperative SBP indicated a higher chance of hypertension reonset. Creatinine level and eGFR generally remained stable regardless of operation type.
DNA methylation changes underlie the long-term association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Authors: Omar Mohamed , Alexiou Maria , Rekhi Umar R. , Lehmann Konrad , Bhardwaj Aneesh , Delyea Cole , Elahi Shokrollah , Febbraio Maria
Published: April 2023

Periodontitis, the leading cause of adult tooth loss, has been identified as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies suggest that periodontitis, like other CVD risk factors, shows the persistence of increased CVD risk even after mitigation. We hypothesized that periodontitis induces epigenetic changes in hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow (BM), and such changes persist after the clinical elimination of the disease and underlie the increased CVD risk. We used a BM transplant approach to simulate the clinical elimination of periodontitis and the persistence of the hypothesized epigenetic reprogramming. Using the low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLRo) atherosclerosis mouse model, BM donor mice were fed a high-fat diet to induce atherosclerosis and orally inoculated with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a keystone periodontal pathogen; the second group was sham-inoculated. Naïve LDLRo mice were irradiated and transplanted with BM from one of the two donor groups. Recipients of BM from Pg-inoculated donors developed significantly more atherosclerosis, accompanied by cytokine/chemokines that suggested BM progenitor cell mobilization and were associated with atherosclerosis and/or PD. Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, 375 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and global hypomethylation in recipients of BM from Pg-inoculated donors were observed. Some DMRs pointed to the involvement of enzymes with major roles in DNA methylation and demethylation. In validation assays, we found a significant increase in the activity of ten-eleven translocase-2 and a decrease in the activity of DNA methyltransferases. Plasma S-adenosylhomocysteine levels were significantly higher, and the S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio was decreased, both of which have been associated with CVD. These changes may be related to increased oxidative stress as a result of Pg infection. These data suggest a novel and paradigm-shifting mechanism in the long-term association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic CVD.
Task design for online learning: the case of middle school mathematics and science teachers
Authors: Daher Wajeeh , Shayeb Shaheen , Jaber Reema , Dawood Iman , Abo Mokh Amnah , Saqer Khitam , Bsharat Maysa , Rabbaa Mohammad
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Teachers' task design in the context of online learning has been little researched by educational researchers. The current research examines the task design of science or mathematics teachers in the context of distance education based on the didactical situation theory and, in particular, situation types.

Methods

Fourteen teachers participated in the current study. They were interviewed regarding the situation types that they used to design online tasks. We used both deductive and inductive methods to analyze the transcribed interviews.

Results

The research findings showed that the teachers utilized different categories of the situation types. Moreover, the teachers utilized three types of reference as follows: the institution, the individual, and the tool. The participating mathematics and science teachers attempted to integrate argumentation into their designed tasks. Furthermore, the situation of communication was designed by the participating teachers to enable the interaction between and inside different agents of online education (students, teachers, and parents) while utilizing different communicational channels (mobile social networks, Zoom rooms, Zoom sessions, student's homes, and Google Classroom). The teachers designed situations of action to address the various aspects of learning, namely, the cognitive, social, affective, and psychological aspects.

Discussion

We argue that the design of online tasks could utilize the didactical situation of action, where the online students are requested to reflect critically on the online tasks. We recommend that teachers request reflection and feedback from their students regarding the tasks that they design for online learning.
Comparison between traditional and new obesity measurement index for screening metabolic associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Wang Hongyan , Zhang Yuxue , Liu Yupeng , Li Hui , Xu Ruiling , Fu Hongmei , Yan Chaoqi , Qu Bo
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Obesity measurement indexes have certain screening value for metabolic diseases. To investigate associations between metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and obesity measurement indexes, including traditional indexes (BMI, WC, WHtR) and new indexes (ABSI, BRI, VAI, LAP), and assess their screening ability.

Methods

12,658 subjects aged 18-75 at the Health Center of a Class III Grade A Hospital were included, who were divided into MAFLD and non-MAFLD groups. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to study the correlation between MAFLD and obesity measurement indexes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) to evaluate their screening accuracy.

Results

MAFLD had strong correlation with traditional BMI and new index LAP. ROC analysis showed that BMI had the highest AUC (0.89), followed by LAP (0.87). Stratification by BMI, LAP had the highest AUC (0.90) for MAFLD in population without obesity (BMI< 23kg/m2), and its optimal cutoff value was 20.75, with a sensitivity and specificity of 85.9% and 79.0%, respectively.

Conclusions

We proposed a two-step screening strategy for MAFLD, combining BMI and LAP, and defined a high-risk population for MAFLD as follows: 1) BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2; and 2) BMI< 23 kg/m2 and LAP ≥ 20.75.
Quality control algorithm of wind speed monitoring data along high-speed railway
Authors: Ye Yunfei , Xiong Xiong , Cui Yang , Yang Fan
Published: April 2023

For studying the traffic safety of the high-speed railway, this research considers high-quality second-level wind speed data as its basis. However, the quality of second-level wind speed data can be greatly lowered by disturbances during data collection and storage. Therefore, it is crucial to control the data quality during collection and storage. Wind speed data along the high-speed railway are unstable and non-linear. In order to adapt to this characteristic, this study combines a convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and isolated forest from the time dimension to form a quality control (QC) algorithm for wind speed monitoring data. First, CNN is used to extract the original data features, which are then transferred to the LSTM network for one-step prediction. The prediction residual of the model is obtained and sent to the isolated forest, where the abnormal value position in the original wind speed data is calibrated by detecting the abnormal value position in the prediction residual. Comparative experiments have been conducted to test the performances of the three different QC methods. The results show that the error detection rate of CNN–LSTM–IF in this research method is approximately 0.95. For different terrains and seasons, the method has certain robustness and generalization.
Significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity in drivers of water yield Service in Agro-pastoral Ecotone of Gansu, China
Authors: Li Jie , Li Guang , Ma Weiwei , Wu Jiangqi , Lu Yanhua , Liang Yunliang
Published: April 2023

Most previous studies on water yield service (WYs) analyzed the driving factors of WYs from a holistic perspective, but ignored the spatial heterogeneity and development of the driving factors. Using Invest model, Random Forest (RF) model and Geographically and Temporally Weighted (GTWR) model, we first examined the spatial distribution characteristics of WYs in agro-pastoral ecotone of Gansu China (AEGC) from 2000 to 2020. Secondly, the driving mechanism behind the spatiotemporal variation of WYs was discussed. The results show that: (1) In recent 20 years, the average annual WYs of AEGC was 110.52 mm, and the interannual variation showed an upward trend, with an increasing rate of 2.28 mm/a (p < 0.05). WYs are high in the south, low in the north, and high in the northwest. Except for the southeast, WYs remained stable or increased in other regions. (2) The relative importance of the main influencing factors of WYs in AEGC successively were precipitation (1.57), evapotranspiration (1.29), temperature (1.12), population density (1.10), net primary productivity (NPP 1.06), and land use intensity (1.02). (3) Large-scale regional nature conditions are the primary force driving change in WYs, while in small-scale regions, human activities and land use are the primary drivers of WYs. Our research emphasizes that the effects of various influencing factors on WYs are significantly spatiotemporal heterogeneity, and WYs in different regions respond differently to the changes of influencing factors.
Nutrient enrichment and rainfall affect plant phenology and floral resource availability for pollinators
Authors: Thuma Jessie A. , Duff Christopher , Pitera Madeline , Januario Nicholas , Orians Colin M. , Starks Philip T.
Published: April 2023

Wild pollinators are critical to maintaining ecosystem services and facilitating crop production, but habitat degradation and resource loss are leading to worldwide pollinator declines. Nutrient enrichment and changes in rainfall due to global warming are drivers of global environmental change, and likely to impact pollinator foraging behavior and reproductive success through changes to the growth and phenology of flowering plants. Here, we provide a short review of pollinator conservation in the context of nutritional ecology and plant-pollinator interactions. Then, we present novel research into the effects of nutrient and rainfall variation on plant phenology. In this study, we experimentally manipulated the amount of water and supplemental nutrients available to wild sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and goldenrod (Solidago spp.) throughout their growing season. We evaluated how changes in growth and bloom time could impact resource availability for bumble bee (Bombus impatiens) queens preparing to overwinter. We found that fertilizer and rainfall alter plant bloom time by 2–18 days, though flowering response was species-specific. Fertilizer did not significantly affect plant growth or number of flowers produced when plants were grown under drought conditions. When water was not limiting, fertilized sunflowers bloomed in floral pulses. These findings carry important implications for growers and land managers, providing insight into potential drivers of wild pollinator decline and possible conservation strategies.
Study of early identification method for large landslides in high vegetation coverage areas of Southwest China
Authors: Wang Bing , He Li , He Zhengwei , Qu Rui , Kang Guichuan
Published: April 2023

Landslide disasters with dense vegetation and steep terrain, and high concealment frequently occur in Southwest China. Current field surveys, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technologies all have limitations in complex environments with high vegetation coverage. In this study, the landslide in Xinmo Village, Mao County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province, was used as the research object. The slope types were divided according to the regional stratum occurrence and slope direction, and the dip slope was identified as the pre-selected area for the landslide. Nine vegetation indexes were constructed based on Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data, and Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI) with high correlation was selected as the indicator of landslide change to estimate the vegetation coverage. The relationship between vegetation anomalies and landslide creep was analyzed by superimposing slope structure and vegetation spatial variation characteristics. The results showed that from May 2015 to May 2017, the vegetation coverage in the landslide main source area, above the deformation body, local collapse area, and around the washouts showed a significant decrease; i.e., as the time of landslide was approaching, some vegetation in the study area was affected by the landslide deformation and the growth condition became worse. Between April and May 2017, the vegetation coverage in the area not affected by the landslide was less than 0.6 (i.e., bare ground area) decreased abruptly, with change rates of 78.4, 87.7, and 89.7%, respectively, which is consistent with the development pattern of vegetation in the growing period; while the reduction rate of image elements in the vegetation abnormal area was only 20.5%, which judged that the vegetation might be affected by landslide creep and the growth and development were hindered. The study shows that there is an obvious spatial–temporal correlation between vegetation anomalies and landslide deformation during the landslide creep phase, which indirectly reflects the evolution process of landslide gradual destabilization and provides a theoretical basis for the early identification of landslides in high vegetation coverage areas.
Regional distribution of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in Chinese females
Authors: Lin Hua , Liao Changxi , Zhang Rujing
Published: April 2023

Objective: For analyzing the distribution characteristics of MTHFR C677T polymorphism in Chinese females in order to provide information for reducing birth defects and formulating public health policies to prevent congenital malformations.

Methods: Literature search in the last 6 years on “MTHFR C677T,” “polymorphism” and “methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase.” The included literature provides the MTHFR C677T frequency in healthy females in the corresponding regions. The data were grouped by the national administrative region as a unit to obtain the distribution information of the MTHFR C677T and alleles in the female population in every province, municipality or autonomous region. This was done for analyzing the overall distribution of the MTHFR C677T allele and the geographical distribution of pregnancy complications.

Results: A total of 126 studies were included, covering five autonomous areas, four municipalities directly under the Central Government, as well as 22 provinces (except Taiwan Province) in China. MTHFR C677T polymorphism data of 27 groups of Chinese Han women and 31 groups of other Chinese females were obtained, and the chi-square test revealed notable inter-group differences (p = 0.000). The TT genotype and T allele of MTHFR C677T accounted for 18.2% (4.7%–38.3%) and 40.3% (19.7%–61.4%) of the Chinese female population, respectively, with a significant north-south difference. Chinese females had a consistent frequency of the T allele with the geographical distribution of pregnancy complications such as recurrent abortion and preeclampsia.

Conclusion: With a obvious geographical gradient, the MTHFR C677T polymorphism distribution in Chinese females is consistent with the geographical distribution of multiple pregnancy complications, and the risk assessment for it might be included in primary prevention for birth defects.
Diversity and heterogeneity in human breast cancer adipose tissue revealed at single-nucleus resolution
Authors: Tang Lina , Li Tingting , Xie Jing , Huo Yanping , Ye Jianping
Published: April 2023

Introduction

There is increasing awareness of the role of adipose tissue in breast cancer occurrence and development, but no comparison of adipose adjacent to breast cancer tissues and adipose adjacent to normal breast tissues has been reported.

Methods

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) was used to analyze cancer-adjacent and normal adipose tissues from the same breast cancer patient to characterize heterogeneity. SnRNA-seq was performed on 54513 cells from six samples of normal breast adipose tissue (N) distant from the tumor and tumor-adjacent adipose tissue (T) from the three patients (all surgically resected).

Results and discussion

Significant diversity was detected in cell subgroups, differentiation status and, gene expression profiles. Breast cancer induces inflammatory gene profiles in most adipose cell types, such as macrophages, endothelial cells, and adipocytes. Furthermore, breast cancer decreased lipid uptake and the lipolytic phenotype and caused a switch to lipid biosynthesis and an inflammatory state in adipocytes. The in vivo trajectory of adipogenesis revealed distinct transcriptional stages. Breast cancer induced reprogramming across many cell types in breast cancer adipose tissues. Cellular remodeling was investigated by alterations in cell proportions, transcriptional profiles and cell-cell interactions. Breast cancer biology and novel biomarkers and therapy targets may be exposed.
Relevance of biomarkers indicating gut damage and microbial translocation in people living with HIV
Authors: Ouyang Jing , Yan Jiangyu , Zhou Xin , Isnard Stéphane , Harypursat Vijay , Cui Hongjuan , Routy Jean-Pierre , Chen Yaokai
Published: April 2023

The intestinal barrier has the daunting task of allowing nutrient absorption while limiting the entry of microbial products into the systemic circulation. HIV infection disrupts the intestinal barrier and increases intestinal permeability, leading to microbial product translocation. Convergent evidence has shown that gut damage and an enhanced level of microbial translocation contribute to the enhanced immune activation, the risk of non-AIDS comorbidity, and mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH). Gut biopsy procedures are invasive, and are not appropriate or feasible in large populations, even though they are the gold standard for intestinal barrier investigation. Thus, validated biomarkers that measure the degree of intestinal barrier damage and microbial translocation are needed in PLWH. Hematological biomarkers represent an objective indication of specific medical conditions and/or their severity, and should be able to be measured accurately and reproducibly via easily available and standardized blood tests. Several plasma biomarkers of intestinal damage, i.e., intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), zonulin, and regenerating islet-derived protein-3α (REG3α), and biomarkers of microbial translocation, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and (1,3)-β-D-Glucan (BDG) have been used as markers of risk for developing non-AIDS comorbidities in cross sectional analyses and clinical trials, including those aiming at repair of gut damage. In this review, we critically discuss the value of different biomarkers for the estimation of gut permeability levels, paving the way towards developing validated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to repair gut epithelial damage and to improve overall disease outcomes in PLWH.
Preliminary studies of the tardigrada communities from a polymetallic nodule area of the deep South China Sea
Authors: Wang Xiaogu , Bai Lifen , Wang Chunsheng , Lu Bo , Li Yujie , Lin Qinyi , Huang Xinyu , Fontoura Paulo
Published: April 2023

Knowledge about marine tardigrades from the South China Sea is very scarce, with only four species from shallow waters recorded to date. The present study investigated the structure and diversity of tardigrade communities from the deep sea (1517-1725 m) at 8 stations in a polymetallic nodule area of the northern South China Sea. A total of 151 arthrotardigrades were collected belonging to 11 genera (Angursa, Batillipes, Coronarctus, Euclavarctus, Exoclavarctus, Halechiniscus, Moebjergarctus, Raiarctus, Rhomboarctus, Tanarctus and Tholoarctus), representing 17 species. Two Angursa species (Angursa sp. 4 and Angursa sp. 3) were the most abundant (25.2% and 14.6%, respectively), followed by Moebjergarctus sp. (13.9%). Specimens were mostly (90.7%) distributed in the upper layer of the sandy-mud sediment (0-1 cm). The SIMPROF test showed that the composition of tardigrade communities at all stations was not significantly different. At different stations, the number of species, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou’s evenness index ranged from 4 to 10, 1.94 to 2.87, and 0.75 to 1.00, respectively. The average taxonomic distinctness (Δ+) ranged from 72.50 to 90.00, and the variation in taxonomic distinctness (Λ+) ranged from 316.67 to 1181.25. This study provides some basic information about the biodiversity of the marine tardigrade community in the South China Sea.
Response of the benthic biomass-size structure to a high-energy submarine canyon
Authors: Tung Chueh-Chen , Chen Yen-Ting , Liao Jian-Xiang , Wei Chih-Lin
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Body size regulates all biological processes, including growth, reproduction, metabolism, trophic interactions, etc., and is the master trait across organisms, populations, and communities. Despite a rich literature on the impacts of human and natural disturbances on body size, a clear knowledge gap is the effect of the submarine canyons on the benthic size structures in the deep sea, hindering our understanding of the ecological processes of these dominant ecosystems on the continental margin.

Methods

Therefore, we conducted repeated sediment sampling to compare meiofauna and macrofauna biomass body-size spectrum, growth, metabolism, and size composition from a high-energy submarine canyon, Gaoping Submarine Canyon (GPSC), and the adjacent continental slope off SW Taiwan. The GPSC is a dynamic ecosystem connected to a high sediment-yield small mountain river subjected to strong internal-tide energy, swift bottom currents, frequent mass wasting events, and high terrestrial sediment inputs.

Results

We found that the meiofauna and macrofauna were characterized by relatively larger individuals dominating on the slope to smaller ones dominating in the canyon. As a result, the community biomass, secondary production, and respiration were depressed with distinctive biomass-size composition in the canyon compared to the non-canyon slope. The environmental factors related to internal tide disturbance (i.e., bottom current velocity, duration of sediment erosion, or low light transmission) substantially influence the body size composition of the canyon benthos, while food supplies (i.e., TOC and C/N ratio) and sediment characters (i.e., grain size and porosity) correlated closely with the slope communities.

Discussion

We concluded that the disturbed condition in the GPSC may have wiped out or depressed the local benthic assemblages, and only the smaller, more resilient species could persist. Our results also highlight that the alterations of the canyon benthic community could be a reference to deep-sea ecosystems under anthropogenic disturbances or global climate change.
Occurrence and behavioral rhythms of the endangered Acadian redfish (Sebastes fasciatus) in the Sambro Bank (Scotian Shelf)
Authors: Grinyó Jordi , Aguzzi Jacopo , Kenchington Ellen , Costa Corrado , Hanz Ulrike , Mienis Furu
Published: April 2023

The genus Sebastes is a morphologically and ecologically diverse genus of rockfish characterized by high longevity, late-maturity and low natural mortality. On the northwest Atlantic continental shelf, the Acadian redfish (Sebastes fasciatus) is the most common rockfish species above 300 m depth. This species has been widely exploited resulting in the depletion or collapse of most of its stocks. Management of long-lived species with intricate life-history characteristics is challenging and requires highly integrated biological and oceanographic monitoring, which allow the identification of environmental drivers and demographic and behavioral trends. The present study uses high-temporal resolution imaging and environmental data, acquired with an autonomous lander deployed for 10-months at the Sambro Bank Sponge Conservation Area (Scotian Shelf) to elucidate S. fasciatus temporal dynamics and behavioral trends in response to near-bed environmental conditions. S. fasciatus, mostly displayed passive locomotion and static behaviors, in common with other shelf-dwelling Sebastes species. Structural complexity provided by sponges positively influenced S. fasciatus presence. Fish used sponges to avoid being dragged by bottom currents. Hydrodynamics appear to act as a synchronizing factor conditioning its swimming behavior. S. fasciatus total counts exhibited a seasonal shift in rhythm’s phase likely reflecting changes in lifestyle requirements. This study provides new insights on S. fasciatus dynamics and behavior. Nonintrusive monitoring approaches, such as the one used in this study, will be key to monitor this threatened species populations. Especially, since it is expected that S. fasciatus will experience distribution shifts to higher latitudes due to future climate stressors.