bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Philosophy for Children Pedagogy in a University-Based Initial Teacher Education Course: a case study of a 'disruptive' pedagogy
Authors: Demissie Fufy
Published: March 2020

The fundamental aims and outcomes of higher education are increasingly at odds with the accountability and performative agenda in higher education. Pedagogical decisions are often taken with one eye on what students 'want' rather than what they 'need'. In this article, the author shows
how she framed her pedagogical approach in terms of what students 'need' rather than just what they 'want'. The author outlines how she adapted Philosophy for Children, an inquiry-based dialogic pedagogy, to the higher education context, and why, despite the challenges of 'data-driven' practices,
she continues to see it as a necessary pedagogy for higher education.
Uric acid-lymphocyte ratios and myocardial damage parameters in ST elevated myocardial infarction
Authors: EKİCİ GÜNAY Nahide , BAKTIR Ahmet Oğuz , ÇAKIR İşıl , MUHTAROĞLU Sabahattin , NİSARİ Mustafa
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground/Aims:Studies
recently have demonstrated the association between the major cardiovascular
poor outcomes and uricacid (UA), the neutrophil/lymphocyteratio (NLR), lymphocyte counts. Barely, the relation
between uricacid-to-lymphocyteratio (UALR) levels and inflammatory markers in
ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) hasn’t been investigated yet. In our
current study, we tried to investigate whether alterations UALR levels between
patients unstable angina pectoris (UAP) patients and STEMI patients who
underwent primary percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI). In this context, were searched that altherelations
of UALR with myocardial injury markers (troponin I, creatine kinase-MB),
inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, and covariaties of blood count),
patients' lipid profiles and myocardial contractility.Methods:A total
of 346 STEMI and UAP patients were enrolled in this retrospectively study.
T-test or Mann Witney U test was used to see the significant differences. We
found independent predictive factors for UA, NLR, and UALR for STEMI and ROC
analyses was performed for these parameters. Results:We showed significant
differences between UA, NLR and UALR levels (P<0.005)between STEMI and UAP
patients. We determined the optimal cut-off points as: 6.05mg/dL for UA (UAC
0.561, specifity%50, sensitivity%72); 0.179 for UALR (UAC 0.913,
specifity%96,sensitivity %92) ;2.3 for NLR (UAC 0.395,  specifity %82, sensitivity %88). Conclusions: For
the first time in the literature, it has been demonstrated that UALR is a
distinct parameter associated with troponin I levels and myocardial
contractility, and is more sensitive and specific than the NLR, UA and CRP
parameters routinely used in STEMI.
Plasenta Previa Olgularının Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KUNT İŞGÜDER Çiğdem , GÜLÜCÜ Selim , BULUT Yunus Emre , DELİBAŞ İlhan Bahri , YURT Tuğba , ÖZSOY Asker Zeki
Published: March 2020

ÖZETAmaç: Bu çalışmada, plasenta previa (PP) olgularında maternal sosyo-demografik özelliklerin, obstetrik risk faktörlerin ve perinatal sonuçların değerlendirilmesini amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada Ocak 2013- Kasım 2017 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde takip edilen 71 PP olgusu retrospektif olarak incelendi. Olguların obstetrik öyküleri, prepartum ve postpartum hemoglobin değerleri, kan transfüzyon ihtiyacı, 1. ve 5.  dakika apgar skorları, kanama kontrolünü sağlamak amacıyla yapılan cerrahi manevralar, plasental invazyon bulgusu, intrauterin ölü fetus ve neonatal ölüm gibi komplikasyonlar incelendi.Bulgular: Değerlendirilen 71 PP olgusunun %19,7 (n=14)’sini nullipar kadınlar oluştururken, %22,5 (n=16)’ini daha önce 1 kez, %42,3 (n=30)’ünü 2 kez, %15,5 (n=11)’ini üç veya daha fazla sayıda doğum yapmış kadınlar oluşturuyordu. Olguların %53,5 (n=38)’inin önceden sezaryen öyküsü yoktu, %45 (n=32)’inin geçirilmiş 1 ve 2 sezaryen öyküsü, %1,5 (n=1)’ünün üç sezaryen öyküsü vardı. Ortalama bebek doğum ağırlığı 2749.79 ± 777.38 gr (980 gr -4680 gr), 1. ve 5. dakika apgar skorları sırası ile 7.31 ± 1.39 ve 8.24 ± 1.33 olarak tespit edildi.  İnvazyon bulguları nedeniyle 9 olguya peripartum histerektomi uygulandı. On üç olguya perioperatif, sekiz olguya postoperatif kan transfüzyonu yapıldı. Sonuç: PP, hem erken doğum ve buna bağlı yenidoğan sorunları hem de plasental invazyon anomalileri ve maternal kanama nedeni ile günümüzde neonatal ve maternal morbidite ve mortalitenin önemli nedenleri arasındadır. Optimal sonuç elde edebilmek için PP’den şüphelenildiğinde ve antenatal dönemde tanı konulduğunda peripartum histerektomi ve uterin devaskülarizasyon manevraları konusunda tecrübeli ve oluşabilecek komplikasyonlara müdahale edebilecek deneyimli cerrahların bulunduğu ve kan ürünlerinin temin edilebileceği üçüncü basamak merkezlerde operasyonların yapılmasında fayda vardır.
Analysis of the relationship between smoking and chronic respiratory symptoms, level of income and education
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Tarkan , KASAPOĞLU Benan , AKKUŞ İbrahim , KAYA Ferit , PİRİNÇCİ Edibe , EREN Semiha , TÜRKKANI Mustafa Hamidullah , ÖZDİLEKCAN Çiğdem , BULUT İrem
Published: March 2020

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the general demographic characteristics of smokers and to define the association of smoking with respiratory symptoms, level of education and income.Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 1019 people aged 40 and over. A questionnaire containing questions about respiratory symptoms, tobacco use and risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases was applied to all the participants. The study participants were grouped regarding their smoking status as current smokers, never smokers and former smokers. Age, gender, marital status, education level, monthly income per house person were recorded for all participants.Results: 1019 people with a mean age of 53.20 ±9.06 years (range: 40-90 years) were included in the study. Among females, 72/486 were active smoker; while in males 226/533 were active smoker (p:0.001). Mid- high school and university graduates were more commonly smoker or former-smoker. Participants with higher monthly income per house person (> 1000 TRY) were significantly more commonly active-smoker. Cough and sputum for longer than 3 months was determined in 66 (6.5%) people while the triad of cough and sputum for longer than 3 months and dyspnea was determined in 36 (3.5%) people. Among those participants the ratio of smokers was significantly higher. A significant proportion of participants (63.8%) with the symptoms predicting chronic pulmonary diseases, were not having diagnosis of any chronic respiratory disease before.Conclusion: We determined that; unlike the previous reports educated and higher monthly income people were more commonly smoker. We also found that chronic respiratory diseases is not sufficiently diagnosed. In screening for early diagnosis of chronic pulmonary diseases, we think that symptomatic interrogation is still important for selection of target population.
Treatment outcomes of mosaicplasty followed by postoperative hyaluronic acid injection in patients with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee
Authors: ÖZKAN Sezai , ADANAŞ Cihan
Published: March 2020

Aim: Mosaicplasty is a common surgical technique performed in patients with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effectivity of mosaicplasty followed by intraarticular hyaluronic acid (HA) injection on the functional outcomes of the knee joint in patients with osteochondral lesions of the knee.
Methods: The retrospective study included 41 patients (32 men and 9 women) that underwent mosaicplasty due to the detection of an OCD lesion larger than 1 cm2 on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patients were randomly divided into HA (n=22) and control (n=19) groups. The HA group received 2 ml of HA injection at two weeks after surgery and the control group received no additional treatment. At postoperative months 6 and 12, functional outcomes of the patients were graded using the Lysholm knee score and pain intensity was assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) in both groups.
Results: The HA group included 22 (53.7%) and the control group included 19(46.3%) patients. The mean age was 31.5 in the HA group and 31.47 years in the control group. The Lysholm scores at postoperative months 6 and 12 were significantly higher in the HA group compared to the control group (p<0.01). Similarly, the VAS scores at postoperative months 6 and 12 were significantly higher in the HA group compared to the control group (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The administration of mosaicplasty followed by instant intraarticular HA injection led to better clinical outcomes and less postoperative pain
Prevalence of Gaucher’s Disease in a Hematology Outpatient Clinic
Authors: YANARDAĞ AÇIK Didar , AYGUN Bilal
Published: March 2020

Objective: Gaucher’s disease (GD) is a disease caused by glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency and characterized by glucoceramide accumulation in the reticuloendothelial system. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of GD in patients who were diagnosed with GD in a hematology clinic.
Method: The diagnoses of 26,000 patients who had applied to the hematology polyclinic between 2014 and 2018 were examined retrospectively. The number of patients diagnosed with GD was compared to the number of total patients and the number of patients with hepatosplenomegaly diagnosis. The results were recorded as ratios.
Results: The prevalence of GD was found as 23/100,000 in our study. It was found that splenomegaly was present in almost all of the diagnosed cases of GD. The thrombocyte levels of patients with splenomegaly were low.
Conclusion: GD is not as rare as is claimed in the literature, especially in people living in regions in which consanguineous marriages are common. Both clinicians and pathologists should be reminded that patients with diagnosed hepatosplenomegaly and thrombocytopenia need to be investigated with regard to lysosomal storage diseases.
Oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis levels in those who use borderline high level fluoride content drinking water
Authors: KİRMİT Adnan , YEŞİLNACAR Mehmet İrfan , ÇALIŞIR Metin , BAYHAN İbrahim , ÇELİK Hakim
Published: March 2020

Aim: Fluoride is necessary for tooth and bone development, but when exposed to excessive levels can cause oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, fluorosis and cancer. The aim of this study is to reveal the underlying mechanism of fluoride toxicity and to clarify, in part, the uncertainty of the fluoride level in the reference value ranges of drinking water. Material and Methods: Two groups were included in the study as exposure and control groups. Serum Total Oxidant Status and Total Antioxidant Status were measured with colorimetric; Urine 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine) (CUSABIO) levels as DNA damage biomarkers and serum M30 and M65 levels (PEVIVA) as apoptosis biomarkers were studied by ELISA method. In addition, all participants underwent a dental examination by the dentist. Results: Serum total antioxidant status (TAS) were lower in the exposure group compared to the control group (p <0.001); serum total oxidant status (TOS) (p <0.001), OSI (p <0.001), M30 (p <0.001) and M65 (p <0.001) levels and urine 8-OHdG (p = 0.011) levels were high. However, the M30 / M60 ratio was not statistically different between the two groups (p = 0.371). Dental fluorosis was detected in all participants in the exposure group. Conclusion: This study showed increased levels of oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis biomarkers in drinking water users with borderline high level fluoride. Therefore, instead of the World Health Organization's reference value range (0.5-1.5 mg/L) for fluoride levels in drinking water, the US Public Health Service’s (0.7 mg/L) reference value range seems to be more appropriate to the precaution.
Çocuklarda vitamin B12 düzeyleri ile tam kan parametreleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KARTAL Ömer , GÜRSEL Orhan
Published: March 2020

Amaç: Vitamin B12 insan vücudunda üretilemeyen ve sadece hayvansal gıdalar ile alınan bir vitamindir. Vitamin B12 DNA sentezinde önemli rol oynar ve eksikliğinde DNA sentezi bozulur. Sonuç olarak megaloblastik anemi gelişir. Bunun sonucunda psikiyatrik, nörolojik ve hematolojik birçok bozukluk meydana gelebilir. Çalışmamızda kliniğimize başvuran bilinen kronik hastalığı ve herhangi bir kronik ilaç kullanım öyküsü olmayan 2-12 yaş arası hastalarda vitamin B12 düzeyleri ile tam kan parametreleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Ocak 2016 ile Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında Gülhane Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi çocuk hematolojisi polikliniğine başvuran, vitamin B12 düzeyi bakılmış 2-12 yaş arası 98 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar vitamin B12 düzeyi normal (vitamin B12 düzeyi ≥200 pg/ml; Grup 1) olan ve vitamin B12 eksikliği (serum vitamin B12 düzeyi <200 pg/ml; Grup 2) olan olarak iki gruba ayrıldı.
Bulgular: Grup 1 ve 2 nin vitamin B12 düzeyi sıra ile 311±43.5; 104.8±15.7 olarak bulundu (p <0.05), (Tablo). Grup 1 ve 2 nin beyaz küre ve trombosit sayıları arasında istatistisel olarak bir fark bulunmadı, sıra ile beyaz küre sayıları 7.6±4.1; 6.9±3.5, sıra ile trombosit sayıları 273.5±74.6; 267.6±95.2 (p >0.05), (Tablo).
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak vitamin B12 eksikliğine toplumumuzda sık olarak karşılaşılmaktadır. Tam kan parametreleri olan beyaz küre, trombosit, RDW, MPV ve MCV değerleri birçok durumda tanıda yeterli olmamaktadır. Vitamin B12 düşüklüğünden şüphelenilen hastalarda mutlaka tanı serum vitamin B12 düzeyi ölçülerek kontrol edilmelidir.
La Trascendencia Médico Legal de las Lesiones por violencia en el deporte desde una perspectiva del proceso Jurídico-Penal Venezolano
Authors: Araujo Cuauro Juan Carlos
Published: March 2020

Propósito: El Derecho Penal y el deporte, no son materias cuya asociación nos resulte fácil, o intuitiva, al menos a primera vista. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar desde la perspectiva jurídico penal el posible delito de lesiones producto de la violencia en el deporte y las posibles sanciones. Descripción: El deporte como cualquier otra actividad del ser humano no se encuentra exento de conductas que pueden ser consideradas delictivas. El delito de lesiones por la violencia en la práctica de actividad deportivas es un claro ejemplo que se utiliza para explicar el tratamiento jurídico penal que se debe aplicar en caso de que un competidor transgreda el “fair play” o “juego limpio”. Sin embargo, el problema surge cuando la aplicación del Derecho penal a las lesiones producto de la actividad, deportiva tiene como denominador común la relación Derecho administrativo-Derecho penal, utilizando como vehículo conductor el principio Non bis in idem. El deporte profesional es objeto a diario de situaciones penales. Pero generalmente las infracciones deportivas tan sólo se quedan en sede administrativa. Conclusiones: Por tanto, se hace necesario aplicar el Derecho penal a situaciones que se producen en el ámbito deportivo, cuando un deportista posea animus laendi de lesionar a otro, deberá ser sancionado según lo que se encuentran en nuestro Código Penal.
Protocolo para la toma de biopsias de matriz ungular en cadáveres
Authors: Hernández Rubio Mario Alberto , Vargas Carreño Elga Johanna , Abaunza Chagin María Claudia , Fernández Moya David Andrés
Published: March 2020

Introducción. El estándar de oro para el diagnóstico de las lesiones melanocíticas ungulares es el estudio histopatológico. Parámetros como el número, características morfológicas y ubicación de los melanocitos en el aparato ungular, son esenciales para diferenciar las lesiones benignas del melanoma ungular, neoplasia maligna de comportamiento agresivo y pobre pronóstico. En nuestro país no se han realizado estudios de cuantificación de melanocitos en la matriz ungular normal ni en lesiones pigmentadas de las uñas. Por esta razón, se desarrolló un protocolo de toma de biopsias de matriz ungular en cadáveres sin generar alteraciones estéticas importantes y proporcionando muestras de buena calidad que permitan una evaluación histológica adecuada. Los principales pasos del protocolo de toma de biopsias son: inspección de la uña, disección y avulsión de la placa ungular, toma de dos biopsias longitudinales de la matriz ungular, reposicionamiento y fijación de la lámina y fijación de los pliegues ungulares.
SOSYAL BİLGİLER DERSİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ, EK KAYNAK ve MATERYAL OLARAK TARİHİ ROMAN KULLANMA YETERLİKLERİNİN DERS PLANLARI ÜZERİNDEN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÜNLÜ İhsan , KAŞKAYA Alper
Published: March 2020

Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının tarihi roman
kullanımlarının ders planları üzerinden incelendiği bu araştırmada, öğretmen
adaylarının farklı kaynaklarla ders planı hazırlayabilme becerisini de
gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemi çerçevesinde durum çalışması
deseni kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmada doküman incelemesi tekniği
kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, betimsel analiz tekniğiyle incelenmiştir.
Çalışmaya, 12 bayan, 18 erkek toplam 30 öğrenmen adayı katılmıştır. Öğretmen
adaylarının okuduğu 10 tarihi roman çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen
veriler; öğretmen adaylarının tarihi romanları sıklıkla Sosyal Bilgiler dersi
içerisindeki tarih konularının öğretiminde kullanmayı tercih etmişlerdir.
Tarihi romanları dersle ilişkilendirme sürecinde bireysel ve grupla okuma
tekniklerinin yanında görsel okuma tekniğini de kullanmışlardır. Okuma
etkinliklerini pekiştirmek adına yaratıcı yazma (mektup, öykü oluşturma, öykü
tamamlama,  şiir, resim, kompozisyon)
etkinliklerine yer vermişlerdir. Tarihi romanların, derse ait kazanımın
öğretimi için seçilen yöntem ve teknikleri de etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
Öğretmen adaylarının değer öğretimi sürecinde tarihi romanlardan alıntılar
yaptığı ancak telkin yöntemi dışında bir değer öğretim yöntemi kullanmadıkları
görülmüştür. Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının tarihi romanlardan da
yararlanarak hazırladıkları ders planlarında pedagojik alan bilgisi
yetersizliğinden kaynaklı hatalar gözlemlenmiştir. Bu tarz beceri
eksikliklerinin temel sebebi ise hizmet öncesi eğitimde yeterli uygulamaya
katılmamış olmak olabilir. Bu bağlamda; öğretmen adaylarının ders kitabı
dışındaki kaynak ve materyal kullanımlarıyla ilgili becerilerini geliştirmeye
yönelik eylem araştırmaları yapılabilir.
Direct nuclear tagmentation and RNA-sequencing (DNTR-seq) v1
Authors: Zachariadis Vasilios , Cheng Huaitao , Andrews Nathanael , Enge Martin
Published: March 2020

Understanding how genetic variation alters gene expression - how genotype affects phenotype - is a central challenge in biology. To address this question in complex cell mixtures, we developed Direct Nuclear Tagmentation and RNA-sequencing (DNTR-seq), which enables whole genome and mRNA sequencing jointly in single cells.
Generation of SARS-COV-2 RNA transcript standards for qRT-PCR detection assays v1
Authors: Vogels Chantal , Fauver Joseph , M Ott Isabel , Grubaugh Nathan
Published: March 2020

The protocol describes how to generate high-quality single-stranded RNA transcript standards (starting from a virus RNA stock) targeting the nsp10, RdRp, nsp14, envelope (E), and nucleocapsid (N) coding regions for use with China CDC, Hong Kong University (HKU), Corman et al. (Berlin), and US CDC SARS-CoV-2 primer and probe sets for qRT-PCR. (Sequences for transcripts generated, along with their corresponding assays, are provided under 'Guidelines.')
Recreational Games to Strengthen Equilibrium and Oral Expression of Children with Down Syndrome
Authors: Zambrano María Dolores Velásquez , Villafuerte Jhonny Saulo
Published: March 2020

This research shows the contribution of recreative games on the improvement of oral expression and equilibrium in children with Down syndrome. Two are the cases of study chosen in this research project executed for 10 months in an elementary school located in Manta city, Ecuador. The researchers' team designed ad hoc., an educational intervention that articulates games and phonics for exercising the oral expression in Spanish and English languages. Besides, the participants train their static and dynamic equilibrium using the gamification model proposed by Delgado, Pérez, Mero, Villafuerte, and Macias in 2019. Pretest and posttest are applied to determine the participants’ oral expression and equilibrium progress. The results allow concluding that recreational games contribute to developing oral expression and equilibrium in children with Down syndrome. However, the early therapies, family involvement, children's personality, and their learning attitudes impact on the children's performances.
Theories and Research on Oral Reading Fluency: What Is Needed?
Authors: Aldhanhani Zainab R. , Abu-Ayyash Emad A. S.
Published: March 2020

Oral reading fluency skill is considered to be the bridge to reading comprehension. However, it has been neglected in many English reading programs despite the fact that different theories (including behaviorism, information processing model theory, automaticity theory, and Ehri and McCormick’s word learning theory) have shed light on this skill. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review theories, studies and practices relevant to this skill. This study has two aims: (1) to identify the theories underpinning oral reading strategies and (2) to identify the gap in research so far conducted on oral reading fluency. Various reading-aloud techniques and assessment methods are presented in this study. Moreover, some factors that affect students’ oral reading fluency are illustrated. Significantly, the practices that this study investigates and presents concerning teaching and assessing oral reading fluency might give an inspiration for the policymakers and curriculum designers to integrate oral reading fluency in their reading programs.
An Analysis of the Characteristics of Chinese Female College Students’ English Conversation
Authors: Liu Daowei , Yin Yu
Published: March 2020

This article analyzed the characteristics of Chinese female college students’ English conversation from the perspective of second language acquisition by using some theories of sociolinguistics and discourse analysis. After analysis, it was found that female students used hedges and intensifiers extensively in second language conversations. Additionally, the participants consciously maintained the face of their peers and made the conversation take place in an atmosphere of equality and solidarity. Through the use of deixis, the conversation was well organized and carried out smoothly. The participants changed their roles, gave and took the floors, and offered new information to prolong the conversation. Although female language had many characteristics, it cannot be fully reflected in this sample conducted in a second language.
The Effect of Implementing Panel Discussion on Speaking Skill of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners
Authors: Safarnejad Mazyar , Montashery Iraj
Published: March 2020

Using practical vocabularies and phrases plays a prominent role in developing speaking skill.  The current research was designed to analyze the effect of implementing panel discussion on speaking skill of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. It was carried out at Ghasedak language institute in Astara among 70 intermediate male learners with the age range of 16-24 through a quasi-experimental research. The participants were assigned into two groups. One experimental group and the other labeled as control group. First, the pretest was administered to each group. The test was taken from the book “American File”. At the end of 10 weeks, a posttest of speaking was given to both experimental and control group. Then learners’ accuracy in simple past, simple present and present perfect and their fluency in using practical vocabularies and phrases were assessed. Results showed that teaching speaking based on panel discussion through CLT had a significant effect on learners' speaking skill.
Research and Practice of Reform on College English Teaching under the Environment of Information Technology
Authors: Wang Ling
Published: March 2020

The rapid development of information technology has provided a new opportunity for the development of college English teaching in China. Under the background of informationization, the reform of college English teaching can meet the students' demand for individualized and differentiated learning. This paper analyzes the current situation of college English teaching and English teaching mode of information technology, and puts forward the strategy of English teaching reform under the background of informationization, in order to improve students’ English proficiency in all aspects and promote the rapid development of English education and teaching in colleges and universities.
A Study of Chinese-English Translation of Tourism Signs from the Perspectives of Skopos Theory
Authors: Jia Yu
Published: March 2020

With the continuous improvement of China’s overall national strength and the constant improvement of infrastructure, the national charm continues to increase. More and more foreign friends have been attracted to travel to China. The translations of public signs in scenic spots are of great importance for foreign visitors because of the language barrier and cultural difference existing between China and foreign countries. These translations should convey information accurately, providing the function of bringing convenience to visitors and spreading Chinese culture. However, in reality, there exist various problems among the translations of public signs in scenic spots, which will definitely make foreign visitors feel puzzled. So it is of great urgency to make the translation more standard. This study takes public signs of various scenic spots as the research material to explore the translation of the public signs of tourist attractions from the perspective of Skopos theory. This essay summarizes the errors and mistakes in the examples. By comparing and analyzing the unqualified translations in the examples and their polished versions, some specific translation strategies are proposed and explained in detail to provide useful guidance for the translation.
How the Architecture of Housing Blocks Amplifies or Dampens Interethnic Tensions in Ethnically Diverse Neighbourhoods
Authors: Crul Maurice , Steinmetz Carl H. D. , Lelie Frans
Published: March 2020

This article explores how the architecture of neighbourhoods influences interethnic tensions in ethnically diverse neighbourhoods. We found that people of Dutch descent living in apartments in four storey walk-ups in ethnically diverse innercity neighbourhoods seem less likely to feel threatened by ethnic diversity than people living in in similarly diverse suburbs characterized by larger housing blocks featuring inner courtyards and galleries. Further analysis reveals that the residents of these suburbs share various types of semi-public spaces and have competing interests in using them, whereas the residents of inner-city neighbourhoods share fewer semi-public spaces and therefore have more scope to choose when and how to engage in interethnic contact with other residents. We also explore residents’ housing histories and examine differences between people who either have more negative or more positive views on diversity with regard to their active participation in various organizations. This last piece of the puzzle will be used to analyse the potential for both negative and positive messages about ethnic diversity to spread. Based on the empirical findings, we will formulate some building blocks that can help to further explain the level of perceived ethnic tensions in ethnically diverse neighbourhoods.
Factors Influencing the Ability to Achieve Valued Outcomes among Older Long-Term Unemployed People
Authors: Velterop Nienke , Van der Klink Jac , Brouwer Sandra , Oldenhuis Hilbrand , Polstra Louis
Published: March 2020

This qualitative study aims to explore the valuable functionings—things that people consider to be important—of the older long-term unemployed and their ability to achieve valued outcomes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 long-term unemployed people aged 45 and over. Participants were included through purposeful sampling. The theoretical frameworks of the latent deprivation theory and the capability approach were used to develop an interpretive analysis. Nine valuable functionings were identified: social contact, feeling appreciated, structure, feeling useful, meaningfulness, autonomy, financial resources, paid work, and being active. These valuable functionings were partly accessible through the activities that people performed, varying from physically active and physically passive activities to informal work. The functionings of meaningfulness, autonomy, financial resources, and paid work seemed to be difficult to achieve. We identified three groups. The first consisted of people whose work status changed when they entered the benefit system; for them paid work was still a valuable functioning, and they experienced the most difficulties in achieving valued outcomes. The second group also experienced a change in work status once they started to receive benefits, but those people adapted to their new situation by attributing greater value to other functionings. The third group had no change in work status, e.g., housewives who had applied for a benefit because they were not able to make ends meet after a divorce. This group did not experience a loss of functionings due to unemployment, nor did they try to achieve other functionings. The results of this study indicate a need for a more personalized, tailor-made approach, with an emphasis on an individual’s valued outcomes instead of on rules and obligations.
Mutuals on the Move: Exclusion Processes in the Welfare State and the Rediscovery of Mutualism
Authors: Vriens Eva , De Moor Tine
Published: March 2020

Declining welfare states and increasing privatization of the insurance sector are leaving an increasing number of people, particularly in Europe, without insurance. In many countries, new initiatives like Friendsurance (Germany), Broodfonds (the Netherlands), and Lemonade (US) have emerged to fill this gap. These initiatives, sometimes called peer-to-peer insurance, aim to make insurance fair, transparent, and social again. Resembling 19th-century mutuals, they pool premiums in (small) risk-sharing pools. We compare eleven new mutuals with respect to their institutional, resource, and member characteristics and find two broad typologies. The first bears the most resemblance to the 19th-century mutuals: Members are (partly) responsible for governance, there is no risk differentiation, premiums are fixed and low, and insurance payouts cover basic expenses only and are not guaranteed. The second group, while also applying risk-sharing and redistribution of unused premiums, is organized more like the present-day commercial insurers it reacted against, e.g., with refined InsurTech methods for risk differentiation and a top-down organization. We thus pose that, while both groups of new insurers reinvent the meaning of solidarity by using direct risk-sharing groups (as is central to the concept of mutuals), they have different projected development paths—especially considering how, in case of further growth, they deal with problems of moral hazard and adverse selection.
MOORA YÖNTEMİ İLE ÜRÜN SEÇİMİ: TURİZM SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: Şimşek Ali , Çatır Ozan
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada Uşak ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir otel işletmesinin ürün seçiminde dikkat ettikleri kriterlerin önem derecelerinin MOORA yöntemiyle belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada fiyat, kalite, teslimat, ilişki ve hizmet olmak üzere 5 ana kriter çerçevesinde 5 alternatif işletme değerlendirilmiştir. Kriter ağırlıklarının belirlenmesinde ise otel işletmelerinin satın alma biriminden sorumlu çalışanlarına mail yoluyla gönderilen anketlerin değerlendirilmesiyle elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak yapılan anketlerden, gerçek değeri olmayan kriterlerin önem ağırlıkları ve tüm kriterlerin tedarikçi seçimindeki kriter önem katsayısı değerleri ve alternatif tedarikçilerin bu kriterler açısından değerlendirme sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler Çok Kriterli Karar Verme yöntemlerinden MOORA yöntemine göre çözümlenerek yorumlanmaktadır.
ÇİFTÇİLERİN TARIMSAL SULAMALARDA SU KULLANIM DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA: ŞANLIURFA ÖRNEKLEMESİ
Authors: Aydoğdu Mustafa Hakkı
Published: March 2020

Su,
kullanım miktarına dayalı olarak miktarı ve kalitesi gün geçtikçe azalan,
stratejik öneme sahip bir kaynaktır. Türkiye’de ve dünyada su en çok tarımsal
sulamalarda kullanılmaktadır. Gelecekte su kaynaklarının kullanımı ve
kalitesini etkileyecek en önemli faktörlerden biri suyun tarımda etkin bir
şekilde işletilmesi ve yönetilmesi olacaktır. Burada belirleyici olan en önemli
unsurlardan biri de, bireylerin su kullanım davranışları ve sulama sistemleri
olacaktır. Bu araştırmanın ana materyalini, GAP-Şanlıurfa’da sulama alanlarında
mısır tarımı yapan çiftçilerden elde edilen veriler oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem hacmi %95 güven
seviyesi ve %5 hata payı ile belirlenmiştir. Çiftçiler, basit tesadüfi
örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiş olup yüz yüze görüşmeler yoluyla anketler 2017
yılında yapılmıştır. Analizler, 294 anket ile SPSS’de Ki-Kare testleriyle
yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların %78’den fazlası kamunun uygulamakta olduğu sulama
politikalarından memnun değildir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, farklı sulama sistemlerinin
verim üzerindeki etkisi %81, sulama sistemini mecburiyetten seçme oranı %36,
sulamanın yeterliliğine %34 oranında tahmini olarak karar vermek ve
katılımcıların %24’ü ne kadar fazla sulama yapılırsa, o kadar fazla ürün alınır
görüşünün istatistiki olarak anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sulama, suyun
önemi, sulama sistemleri konularında sahada bilgi eksikliği ve yetersizlikleri
vardır. Bu konularda etkin, çiftçilerin anlayabileceği ve katılım göstereceği
zamanlarda daha fazla yayım ve bilgilendirme yapılması gerekmektedir.
AN ANALYSIS OF EVOLUTIONARY CRYPTOCURRENCY MARKET DYNAMICS
Authors: Donmez Cem Çağri , Dereli Ahmet Fatih , Horasan M.bilal , Yıldız Cagri
Published: March 2020

The focus of this
research is to describe and discuss future blockchain technology in relation to
different forms of digital cryptocurrencies by investigating distinct
characteristics and common features of cryptocurrencies on the market. This
research explores significant relationships between the major cryptocurrencies
on the complex cryptocurrency market ecosystem, particularly Bitcoin and the
most prominent altcoins based on historical market capitalization data for the
last two years. In this work cross-correlations between different
cryptocurrencies are examined in terms of changes in the market capitalization
value. For the comparative analysis minimum spanning tree (MST) and hierarchical
structure tree (HST) methods are applied in the context of economic behaviour
of cryptocurrencies with regard to global cryptocurrency market trends.
YENİ KORUMACILIK: TİCARET SAVAŞI MI? KÜRESEL LİDERLİK SAVAŞI MI?
Authors: Koçakoğlu Mehmet Ali , Özaydın Arif
Published: March 2020

Amerika’nın 2018 Mart ayında Çin mallarına yönelik başlattığı
soruşturma ve Çin’den ithal edilecek mallara yönelik uygulanması düşünülen
gümrük tarifeleri ile başlayan ticaret savaşları, 2008 finansal krizinden sonra
dünya genelinde görülen korumacılık faaliyetlerinin bir devamı olduğu düşünülse
de ABD başkanı Trump’ın özellikle Çin’i hedef alan uygulamaları bu savaşın
sebeplerinin tek nedeninin ekonomik olmadığını göstermektedir. Çin’in son on
yıllarda gösterdiği ekonomik gelişme ve uluslararası düzenin değişmesine
yönelik söylem ve faaliyetleri ABD tarafından mevcut durum için tehdit
oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ABD başkanının başlattığı ticaret
savaşının asıl sebeplerini analiz etmektir. Uluslararası arenedaki gelişmeler
göz önüne alındığında Ticaret savaşlarının sebeplerinin sadece ekonomik değil, liderliğini
ABD’nin yaptığı tek kutuplu uluslararası düzene tehdit olacağı düşünülen Çin’le
girişilen hegemonya savaşından kaynaklandığı görülmektedir.
PEDAGOJİK FORMASYON EĞİTİMİNİN ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ MESLEKİ TUTUMUNA ETKİSİ (Malatya İli Örneği)
Authors: Kırnık Dilek , Susam Ezlam , Özbek Ramazan
Published: March 2020

Eğitime yönelik yapılan
güncel yaklaşımlar öğretmenlik mesleğinin gelişmesini sağlamıştır. Artık
toplumda öğretmenlik mesleği her üniversite mezunu birey tarafından
yapılabilecek bir meslek olarak görülmemektedir. Çünkü bir toplumu geliştiren temel unsurlardan biri eğitim; eğitimin temel
unsurlarından biri olan öğretmenlik ihtisaslık gerektiren bir meslektir. Bu
sebeple farklı branşlarda lisans eğitimi almış ancak öğretmen olmak isteyen
kişilere pedagojik formasyon eğitimi verilmektedir. Toplumun medeniyet
seviyesine ulaşmasını sağlayan öğretmenlerin kanunlarla belirlenen “genel
kültür, özel alan bilgisi ve pedagojik formasyona sahip olmak” gibi niteliklerin
yanında mesleğe yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek önemli görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, pedagojik formasyon
eğitimi alan öğretmen adaylarının öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik tutumlarını
belirlemektir. Çalışmada betimsel yöntem kapsamında tarama metodu
kullanılmıştır. 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında İnönü Üniversitesi pedagojik
formasyon eğitimine katılan öğretmen adaylarına öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik
tutum ölçeği ön test ve son test olarak uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada Çetin (2006)
tarafından geliştirilen “Öğretmenlik Mesleği Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin anket formuna vermiş oldukları
cevaplar puanlandırıldıktan sonra, bu veriler istatistik programına aktarılarak
analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ölçeğin sevgi ve değer boyutunda ön test
lehine farklılık bulunmuştur.  Ölçeğin
uyum boyutunda ise bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir.
ÇALIŞAN MEMNUNİYETİNE ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLER: OTELLERE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Meriç Sağbetullah , Babur Yusuf
Published: March 2020

Konaklama
işletmelerinde iş döngüsünün sağlanabilmesi, misafirin işletmeden mutlu
ayrılması, işletme sürekliliğinin sağlanması, işletmenin büyümesi gibi konular
personeli memnun etmekle doğrudan ilişkilidir. Bu nedenle personel memnuniyeti
oldukça önemli bir konu olarak literatürde ele alınmaktadır. Bu araştırma Van
ilinde faaliyet gösteren 4 ve 5 yıldızlı konaklama işletmelerinde çalışan personelin
memnuniyetlerine etki eden faktörleri incelemek amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Araştırmada anket tekniği ile veriler elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan
ölçek, farklı yazarlar tarafından daha önce kullanılan, geçerliliği ve
güvenilirliği test edilmiş olan, çalışanların memnuniyetine etki eden
faktörleri belirlemeye yönelik hazırlanmış bir ölçektir. Kolayda örneklem
yöntemi ile toplamda 110 anket toplanmıştır. SPSS 24 programı kullanılarak farklılık
ve frekans analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda eğitim durumu, alınan
maaş ve turizm sektöründeki çalışma süresi kapsamında farklılıklar tespit
edilmiştir. Çalışanların memnuniyetini belirleyen faktörlere ilişkin
ortalamalara bakıldığında, çalışanların genel olarak memnun oldukları sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır.
BENLİK SAYGISI, ÖZYETERLİLİK VE İÇSEL MOTİVASYON İLE DENEYİME AÇIKLIK ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: META-ANALİZ
Authors: Tekke Mustafa , Yıldız Atilla
Published: March 2020

In this study, the relationship between the intrinsic motivation,
self-efficacy and self-esteem, which constitute the personality character, and
the openness to the experience in the Big Five are examined. As a result of the
study, it was determined that the relationship between intrinsic motivation,
self-efficacy and self-esteem and openness to experience was over ()0.20.
 It was seen in related field that the openness to the experience
increased as the self-factors of the individuals increased. The relationship
between openness to experience and self factors was investigated through
systematic review / meta-analysis. At the end of the study, the studies found a
positive relationship between self related factors and openness to experience.
Together this, the studies were found to be compatible with each other. Future
study possibilities and limitations of this study are discussed.
BİR PROPAGANDA ARACI OLARAK SİNEMA, MEDYA VE MUSİKİNİN İSLAM TOPLUMU ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: Ablay Rıfat
Published: March 2020

Son iki asırdır sinema ve müzik sektörü din ve dini değerler üzerinde genel anlamda olumsuz bir etki bırakmıştır. Gerek Batı dünyasında gerekse ülkemizde ana akım sinema ve müzik sektörünün, kitlelerin din ile ilişkileri konusunda genel olarak yıkıcı etkileri olmuştur. Kitleleri yönlendirme konusunda büyük bir etkiye sahip olan ve kapitalist dünyada, kültür endüstrisinin kitleleri manipüle etmek amacıyla fütursuzca kullandığı medya ve diğer iletişim teknolojilerinin kullanımı konusunda Müslümanlar, uzun süre sadece tüketici konumunda kalmışlardır. Bunun da İslam dünyasındaki tesirleri çok boyutlu ve derinden olmuştur. Buna alternatif olarak Müslümanların ürettikleri az sayıdaki sinema filmlerinin her ne kadar çarpıcı etkileri olmuşsa da, İslam dünyası Batının bu konudaki tahrip edici tesirlerine maruz kalmaya devam etmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, dini davette medya ve musikinin rolü ile ulusların kendi kültürlerini baskın hale getirmek ve kitleleri olumlu ve olumsuz anlamda etkilemek amacıyla medya ve musikiyi nasıl bir araç olarak kullandığı konusu üzerinde durulacaktır.
High-throughput sequencing techniques to flax genetics and breeding
Authors: Akhmetshina Alena O. , Strygina Ksenia V. , Khlestkina Elena K. , Porokhovinova Elizaveta A. , Brutch Nina B.
Published: March 2020

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an important oil and fiber crop. Using modern methods for flax breeding allows accelerating the introduction of some desired genes into the genotypes of future varieties. Today, an important condition for their creation is the development of research, that is based on next-generation sequencing (NGS). This review summarizes the results obtained using NGS in flax research. To date, a linkage map with a high marker density has been obtained for L. usitatissimum, which is already being used for a more efficient search for quantitative traits loci. Comparative studies of transcriptomes and miRNomes of flax under stress and in control conditions elucidated molecular-genetic mechanisms of abiotic and biotic stress responses. The very accurate model for genomic selection of flax resistant to pasmo was constructed. Based on NGS-sequencing also some details of the genus Linum evolution were clarified. The knowledge systematized in the review can be useful for researchers working in flax breeding and whereas fundamental interest for understanding the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Linum, the ontogenesis, and the mechanisms of the response of flax plants to various stress factors.
ECOLOGICAL-GEOGRAPHIC APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF BARLEY AND OAT FROM THE VIR COLLECTION
Authors: Loskutov Igor G. , Novikova Lyubov Yu. , Kovaleva Olga N. , Ivanova Nadezhda N. , Blinova Elena V. , Belskaya Galina. V.
Published: March 2020

Under conditions of climate change, the assessment of the stability of genotypes is of particular importance. To conduct directed selection of genotypes with a narrow or broad reaction rate, it is necessary to assess their stability already in the early stages of breeding. The aim of the study was to study the stability of breeding significant traits of oat and barley samples in contrasting ecological and geographical conditions. 25 oat samples and 25 barley samples were studied over 3 years under contrasting conditions in St. Petersburg and the Tambov Region. Varieties are characterized by average values of economically valuable traits and genotype regression coefficients on the influence of the bi environment according to Eberhart and Russell. The most sensitive to a change in the ecological and geographical situation were the durations of the germinationheading, germinationharvest periods and grain yield. These characters varied to a greater extent depending on the cultivation conditions than on the genotype. According to regression coefficients for environmental conditions, significant differences in genotypes were only in yield. Contrasting groups of varieties were distinguished by regression coefficients on environmental conditions, genotypes with high productivity. The durations of germinationheading, germinationharvest, the plant height reacted to the change in the environment the same in different varieties. The duration of the growing season was determined by the sum of effective temperatures above 15 С. The reduction of the growing season in both crops was 3 days with an increase in the sum of effective temperatures above 15 С by 100 С.
G.D. Karpechenko — an outstanding geneticist, “sunny man”, legendary fellow-compatriot
Authors: Vishnyakova Margarita A.
Published: March 2020

Georgy Dmitrievich Karpechenko was the organizer and the first head of VIRs Genetics Department (19251940) and the first head of the Chair of Plant Genetics at Leningrad University (19321940). The charm of the personality of the great scientist is evident not only from his letters to colleagues and relatives: it is seen in his reports at scientific forums, it is preserved in the genetic memory of fellow countrymen from his small homeland in the town of Velsk. Cordiality, love of life, openness, kindness, sense of humor coexisted in him with unbending firmness, integrity, intolerance towards trampling on the scientific truth, towards any untruth, towards pseudoscience. The article presents a series of previously unpublished archival facts, excerpts from his personal correspondence, as well as evidence of the zeal of the inhabitants of Velsk in perpetuating the name of G.D. Karpechenko.
Mapping Seismic Tonal Noise in the Contiguous United States
Authors: Marcillo Omar E. , MacCarthy Jonathan
Published: March 2020

A subset of seismic signals generated in industrial environments displays spectral peaks organized in sequences of fundamental frequencies with multiple overtones, which we refer to as tonal noise (TN). Using one year of data from each of 1732 stations in the USArray Transportable Array, we detected around 1.5 million TN sequences in the contiguous United States, which corresponds (on average) to around 2.4 detections per day (869 detections per year) at each station. TN across the continent is clustered around specific regions and frequencies. The majority (>70%) of stations in the 90th percentile of total detection numbers (more than 2100 detections per year) are concentrated in the Interior Plains, Canadian Shield, and Appalachian Highlands. We found that the fundamental frequencies of all TN detections are concentrated in six spectral bands with value ranges of 0.9–0.95, 1.8–1.85, 2.5–2.55, 3.3–3.35, 5–5.05, and 5.45–5.5 Hz with around 104, 37, 46, 37, 62, and 45 thousand detections, respectively. Detections in these bands account for around 22% of all detections. We suggest that large regions with similar TN are related to noise from industrial activities driven by physiographic characteristics such as favorable winds or abundance of water (wind and hydroelectric power generators). The presence of TN and other spectrally discrete components in the seismic wavefield is a ubiquitous feature in the seismic background. This type of noise has the potential to affect subsurface imaging efforts by introducing potentially static and continuous sources of noise. The effects of TN can be especially significant as near-surface imaging studies move toward utilizing higher frequency (>1  Hz) for ambient seismic noise.