bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Development of Coffee Machine Control System Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Hadianto Eko , Amanda Djaja , Hindarto Djarot , Makmur Amelia , Santoso Handri
Published: January 2023

The food and beverage industry is currently rife in urban and outside cities. Many locations are used as places to sell drinks, especially coffee which is a native plant of Indonesia. Nowadays, coffee compounding requires good technology. There are many coffee processing machines on the market. The coffee machine is capable of making expresso coffee, latte coffee and others. This coffee machine also combines coffee ingredients, sugar and milk as a carrier for a delicious aroma. In addition, the water pressure from the coffee machine heating boiler, the strong pressure of the coffee machine piston also affects the results of making a cup of coffee, the stronger the pressure, the thicker the coffee produced and the slower the flow of water in the coffee machine. glass of water because basically the stronger the pressure applied to it. the coffee grounds, the tighter and tighter the gaps that the water itself will pass, as well as the thickness of the resulting coffee water will be more concentrated. With Fuzzy Inference, it is possible to determine the optimal pressure to be exerted by the coffee machine piston based on the weight of the coffee grounds (grams) on the coffee machine piston and the specifications of the type of coffee machine used. Determining the optimal pressure on the coffee grounds will affect the taste of the coffee water produced and the speed of making a cup of coffee. This study uses the optimal pressure on the piston using the fuzzy inference method. The purpose of this research is to create a simulation for evaluating the performance of a coffee machine using fuzzy logic to solve the problem of damage to the piston. The fuzzy approach in this research uses the fuzzy Takagi Sugeno Kang method.
Management Information System Web-Base on Blood Donation Service
Authors: Suartini Sri , Ikhwan Ali
Published: January 2023

Blood donation is an activity of sharing blood from a person to others in need. This activity was carried out because of the large number of patients in the hospital who needed blood for their illness. The amount of blood needed is not proportional to the amount of blood stock in the hospital, so it is deficient and requires a lot of blood from donors. The scarcity of blood stocks does not occur only in hospitals but also in PMI (Indonesian Red Cross) so that patients or families have difficulty finding blood to meet the needs of patients. The method used in these crisis conditions is to contact a few random people, or create information on personal social media about who can donate blood. This method is less efficient and effective because the data of potential donors is often also not qualified and data collection is also still done manually by the blood transfusion unit. Information technology is one of the solutions in providing information and data collection as well as management in the blood transfusion unit PMI Deli Serdang. In this case the R&D method ( Research And Development) can help develop a management information system to collect data in blood donation services at PMI Deli Serdang.
Implementation of Information Technology Governance in Man 1 Medan Using the Cobit 5 Framework
Authors: Harahap Aninda Muliani , Ikhwan Ali
Published: January 2023

In response to the rising usage of information technology, organizations should implement an information technology plan aligned with company goals. Similarly, in education, information technology is used for business purposes. The purpose of this research is to look into the implementation of information technology governance utilizing the COBIT 5 framework. This study was carried out at MAN 1 MEDAN. The survey technique collects data through the distribution of questionnaires to information technology managers and key users in various businesses. Descriptive research discovered that the state of governance and information technology implementation at MAN 1 MEDAN was at level 3 on a scale of 0 to 5. This demonstrated that institutional behaviors had been adequately recorded and internalized. This study aims to contribute to research on the use of information technology governance, particularly for educational institutions and information technology managers, as input material in the management of information technology resources in other institutions. These associated problems are essential considerations for parents or students when selecting a Medan MAN 1 school with a high degree of IT facilities.
Facial Micro Expression Recognition for Feature Point Tracking using Apex Frames on CASME II Database
Authors: Choirina Priska , Rosiani Ulla Delfana , Fitriani Indah Martha , Baqi Rijalul
Published: January 2023

Micro-expressions are facial expressions that occur inadvertently to hide true feelings (emotional leaks). Although previous studies used the entire face area and all frames in the video dataset, this resulted in relatively long computation time and data redundancy. The main contribution of this research is to apply recognition micro-expression analysis using a comparison of apex frames with manual (handcrafted) and random sampling of frames and applying feature point tracking to the brow area and corners of the lips. The method for forming feature points in the facial area uses Discriminative Response Map Fitting (DRMF), then facial feature points are tracked using Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT). This feature point tracking produces motion feature data as feature extraction data. Finally, a comparative analysis of the classification method using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and MLP-Backpropagation was conducted using the CASME II dataset. The experimental results of this study show significant results with an accuracy of 81.3% on MLP-Backpropagation and an average computing time of 1.45 seconds for each video. From the results of this study, information on the apex phase can contribute information that is very important for facial micro-expression recognition.
Design and Build a Product Sales Application at PT. Prima Fabian Mandiri Web-Based
Authors: Hartati Eka , Yuniansyah Yuniansyah , Airina Ayu , Wanandi Vernanda Septia
Published: January 2023

The focus of this research is to create a product sales application that can help and simplify the process of selling to product delivery, and can provide information about the company and the latest stock and prices at PT. Prima Fabian Mandiri Palembang City. Design/method/approach: The system development method uses the prototype method, while the system modeling uses UML (Unified Modeling Language) in the form of use cases, activity diagrams, sequence diagrams, and class diagrams. The application also conducts testing using black box testing and after that an usability evaluation is carried out using the Use Questionnaire method with a total of 30 respondents. Questionnaires are created and distributed online using google forms. Based on the results of validity and reliability tests calculated using SPSS 25. The results of this study resulted in a product delivery application, and can provide information about the company and the latest stock and prices at PT. Prima Fabian Mandiri Palembang City. The system testing technique used in this study was black box testing, and usability evaluation was carried out using the Use Questionnaire. Based on the results of validity and reliability tests calculated using SPSS 25, all statements are declared valid and reliable so that from the five variables it shows that consumers are satisfied with the usefulness of the PT application. Prima Fabian Mandiri Palembang City. Users of this product sales application are admins, consumers, logistics and company leaders.
Design Get up E-commerce based Marketplace Sale Chips Web Based In Padang City
Authors: Dewi Ika Parma , Firza Fahira Utami , Sriwahyuni Titi , Hendriyani Yeka
Published: January 2023

This web-based e-commerce is designed to help chip manufacturers sell their products and make it easier for consumers to get chips through internet technology. The web design method uses the prototype method starting with conducting needs analysis, interface design and programming and utilizing PHP programming as a programming language, MySQL as a database, XAMPP as a server and the Codeigniter framework version 4. Chips are a food that is much loved by people of all ages. This has caused many people to start a business selling chips, ranging from home industries to larger production. However, not a few of the chip entrepreneurs have difficulty managing the sale of their chip products to chip consumers such as students, workers and the general public. This is also a result of the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus which is experienced globally, including Indonesia, making it difficult for chip manufacturers to market their products and manage their sales. On the chip consumer side, they also find it difficult to get chips amidst pandemic conditions and busy activity. The difficulties of chip manufacturers and chip consumers can be overcome by developing a system in the form of e-commerce that can be accessed by chip consumers by adapting internet technology. The results of this design produce a web-based e-commerce selling chips by taking a case study in the chips business in Padang City, West Sumatra Province.
Forward Selection Attribute Reduction Technique for Optimizing Naïve Bayes Performance in Sperm Fertility Prediction
Authors: Lubis Ahmadi Irmansyah , Chandra Rudy
Published: January 2023

The problem of infertility between husband and wife is an important issue that destroys family harmony, and many people still consider infertility or infertility a female problem. However, about 7% of men of childbearing age suffer from infertility. The biggest factor causing male infertility is sperm quality problems. Sperm analysis can be the best predictor of male fertility potential. Machine learning and data mining techniques can be used to automate disease diagnosis. This study aims to obtain a regular form classification model from sperm sample data of 100 volunteers. This classification model can be used to predict male fertility levels into 2 classes, namely normal and alter (decreased fertility). This study uses a fertility dataset obtained from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. Before the data mining process, data preprocessing is required. The classification process is carried out using Naive Bayes and attribute reduction techniques using forward selection to see the increase in the accuracy of Naive Bayes performance. The Naive Bayes test without attribute reduction has an accuracy of 85%, while attribute reduction with forward selection has an accuracy of 88% in predicting sperm fertility. Therefore, by using forward selection with Naive Bayes to reduce attributes in this study, this study was able to increase accuracy by 3% and can be used to help predict sperm fertility
Sentiment Analysis of Twitter User Opinions Related to Metaverse Technology Using Lexicon Based Method
Authors: Akbari Wahyu Azriel , Tukino Tukino , Huda Baenil , Muslih Muhamad
Published: January 2023

The technology of the metaverse has been a topic of discussion in the tech sector recently, and the implementation of the metaverse in the future is one of the most anticipated things for internet users around the world, allowing users to become the avatar they want in the virtual universe. To see how someone approaches metaverse technology, we can analyze it by looking at various opinions that emerge from the sentiment of internet users, one of which is from the social media Twitter. This study aims to analyze the sentiment of Twitter users' opinions, which is one of the most popular internet social media platforms. The researcher collects tweet data using the snscrape library in the Python programming language, a tool for mass data collection from Twitter. Then, the analysis of the sentiment of Twitter user opinions is carried out using the Lexicon Based method, which is a method that uses a dictionary of words to categorize the sentiment of a text. The results of this study show that the Lexicon Based method can classify the sentiment of Twitter user opinions related to metaverse technology with an accuracy value of 84%. This shows that the results of sentiment analysis using the Lexicon Based method have a good level of accuracy in performance in analyzing the sentiment of Twitter user opinions related to metaverse technology.
Artificial Neural Network Backpropagation Method to Predict Tuberculosis Cases
Authors: Lestari Valencya , Mawengkang Herman , Situmorang Zakarias
Published: January 2023

Artificial neural networks are information processing systems that have certain performance characteristics in common with biological neural networks. Backpropagation is a method in artificial neural networks that uses supervised learning. Backpropagation has a weakness in reaching the convergence level. The convergence rate is the difference from the mean square error value. The mean square error is the difference between the target value and the actual value. One way to increase the convergence rate is to provide input values. in this study using the nguyen widrow backpropagation method. The network will predict Tuberculosis cases. Data sourced from the North Sumatra Provincial Health Office from 2019 to 2021. architectural testing with a learning rate ranging from -0.5 to 0.5 and momentum ranging from 0 to 1 obtained a learning rate of 0.5, the epoch process stops at the 172nd iteration with an achievement gradient of 0.0001598 and the R value for training data is 0.99841 which means it is very good because it is close to 1 with an accuracy rate of 81.82%.
Android Implementation of Traditional Indonesia Fashion Application
Authors: Tukiyo Tukiyo , Arifin Ardian , Dewantara Rizki , Ratnadewi Ratnadewi , Anggraini Julaiha Probo
Published: January 2023

Indonesia has been gifted with a wide range of diverse cultures from Sabang to Merauke, making Indonesia one of the biggest country with multi ethnic groups, races and cultures. Meanwhile, a lack of information that can be accessed by the students causing a big issue that needs to be addressed. The information of Indonesian traditional clothing is very limited, which has been represented as a characteristic of tribe and culture in each region and also used in the traditional ceremony. Therefore, this study aims to develop an Android-based educational game of traditional Indonesian clothing. The method used in this study was Research and Development approach. The results of this study showed that developing an educational game "Introduction to Traditional Clothing in Indonesia" on the Android platform,that provided information to users about any traditional musical instruments in Indonesia, helped students to recognize the particular culture through its traditional clothing as it could give an insight to them. From the results of testing carried out with the black box method, it could be concluded that this application enabled to function well and provide the beneficial information to user about the traditional clothing.
Determination of qualified human resources using the ANFIS method
Authors: Amri Ahmad Alfauzan , Roshan Rohit , Ananda Debby , Tarigan Richard Fernando , Wong Yano Sabar M , Turnip Mardi
Published: January 2023

To improve the quality of education is very closely related to the problem of human resources. One of the main key in creating professional human resource lies in the recruitment process, workforce selection and training. Finding a professional and qualified workforce is not easy and a must in an organization or university in screening new employees or lecturers. Therefore we need a system for organizations and universities to be able to get the right people, qualified and placed according to their abilities. This research was conducted using quantitative descriptive research methods and data collection methods in the form of questionnaires and using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). From the results of testing the data this algorithm shows a data accuracy rate of 77 percent 

Keywords: HR, ANFIS, questionnaire, quantitative description
Management of Children with Swallowing Problems: New Advances in Paediatric Thickeners
Authors: Roberts Eleanor
Published: January 2023

A satellite symposium on the evaluation and management of dysphagia in children was held during the 12th Annual Congress of the European Society for Swallowing Disorders (ESSD) in Leuven, Belgium, on 14th September 2022. Dysphagia is the impairment or difficulty in swallowing and may have an oropharyngeal or oesophageal cause. This can result in delayed transit of liquids or solid food from the mouth to the stomach. Food thickening agents can reduce regurgitation and improve swallowing mechanics, particularly in infants and young children. At this symposium, Karen van Hulst, Speech and Language Therapist and Clinical Epidemiologist at Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia’s Children’s Hospital, the Netherlands, introduced the topic of dysphagia and its complications, and the evaluation of dysphagia. She then discussed the use of thickening agents in children with dysphagia. Ben Hanson from the Department of Engineering, University College London, UK, introduced the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI). The IDDSI has developed a standardised and practical method of measuring the thickness of liquid and food that can be used when preparing foods at home or in the hospital, and may be applied commercially. Analou Sugar, Clinical Lead in Paediatric Speech and Language Therapy at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK, ended the symposium with a presentation of her recent clinical experience using a new thickener (ThickenUp® Junior, Nestlé Health Science, Vevey, Switzerland) in paediatric patients.
The Pathophysiological Relationship Between Migraine and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Elkurwi Noor , Elkurwi Qabas
Published: January 2023

People with migraine, and individuals with other neurological conditions, have suffered in multiple aspects during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper will discuss the factors that impacted the neurology department. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in late 2019 has generated new challenges in healthcare systems across the globe. Similar to the fields of pulmonology and cardiology that saw an increase in research, the neurology department was in search of possible relationships between COVID-19 and other medical conditions. Research on the possible common pathophysiological mechanism between COVID-19 and migraine is currently being studied. The most recent hypothesis suggests the following: migraine is caused by an increased release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from the trigeminal ganglion, which will cause an increase in nitric oxide and IL-1β, resulting in vasodilation and inducing hyperalgesia. COVID-19 causes an increase in nod-like receptor protein 3, which causes the production of IL-1β and again induces an inflammatory response. This review article looks at the mechanisms of migraine and COVID-19, and tries to link a common pathophysiological pathway between the two. This report also serves as a gateway for further research regarding possible management that could potentially target both of these mechanisms.
Mexiletine in the Treatment of Non-dystrophic Myotonia: Interviews with Six Medical Experts
Authors: Boreham Helen
Published: January 2023

Evidence from randomised controlled clinical trials demonstrates that mexiletine effectively controls myotonic symptoms with a well-described safety profile. Despite this, there are still a limited number of patients on this treatment, and physicians from expert neuromuscular centres may not be fully aware of the potential benefits of mexiletine treatment, including improvements in patients’ quality of life (QoL), the impact on activities of daily living, and the favourable safety profile, even in younger patients.

During this ‘Meet the Experts’ interview series, five neurologists experienced in the management of non-dystrophic myotonias (NDM), and one specialist cardiologist offered their expert insights on the clinical data and real-world evidence supporting the use of mexiletine in NDM.

Addressing patient concerns and encouraging treatment acceptance were highlighted as key steps to optimise outcomes from mexiletine therapy. The medical experts emphasised the importance of contextualising the favourable benefit-to-risk profile of mexiletine, particularly regarding cardiac safety concerns and drug monitoring requirements. The expert cardiologist further explained that, in their experience, the cardiac safety profile of mexiletine was no different in patients with NDM when compared to healthy controls used in clinical studies when used as directed.

When considering anti-myotonia treatment in patients with NDM, medical experts stressed that decision-making should be driven by the overall degree of myotonia. Healthcare professionals (HCP), therefore, need to look beyond basic clinical assessment to understand the true impact of myotonia on patients’ everyday lives.

Overall, these interviews highlighted the critical role that HCPs can play in leveraging the clinical data and managing patient expectations to ensure maximum treatment success when recommending mexiletine to patients with NDM.
Two-Stent Strategy? Which One to Choose? First Case Example
Authors: Erglis Andrejs , Narbute Inga , Briede Ieva , Jegere Sanda
Published: January 2023

Optimal treatment of bifurcation lesions is still a major challenge for coronary intervention. A planned two-stent approach may be more appropriate when both the parent vessel and side branch (SB) are large, and when there is significant disease distal to the ostium of a SB that arises from the main vessel at a shallow angle.

A simple, provisional stenting approach that is associated with shorter fluoroscopy time, lower incidence of periprocedural myocardial infarction, and similar rates of target-vessel revascularisation compared with a routine two-stent strategy is needed. The combination of a biovascular scaffold and drug-eluting stent implantation as a two-stent technique using a ‘mini-crush’ technique is a safe, feasible, effective, and durable treatment option for patients with true bifurcation disease. Patient selection for complex stenting requires accurate lesion evaluation. Our current institutional recommendations are to use provisional stenting in the majority of cases, but if a planned two-stent approach is required, we recommend the use of imaging methods, plaque modification before stent implantation, final kissing balloon, and proximal optimisation inflation technique to achieve good final results.
COVID-19-Associated Nephropathy: An Emerging Clinical Entity
Authors: Piko Nejc , Ekart Robert , Hojs Radovan , Bevc Sebastjan
Published: January 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new pathogen that was responsible for the global pandemic that started in Wuhan, China in 2019. It causes COVID-19, manifesting as viral pneumonia with concomitant acute respiratory failure and, in certain cases, multiorgan failure and death.

Kidney involvement is common and can be aetiologically heterogeneous. Acute kidney injury is mostly caused indirectly, especially in the context of systemic inflammation, hypoxaemia, hypotension, shock, and increased oxidative stress. Complement activation, tubulointerstitial damage, and endothelial dysfunction with resultant thromboses are also important factors in kidney injury. Histologically, SARS-CoV-2 was found to induce predominant tubulointerstitial changes and in some cases, glomerular changes. In a certain subgroup of patients with the APOL1 high-risk allele variant, a collapsing glomerulopathy, similar to HIV-associated nephropathy, was found. This entity was later named COVID-19-associated nephropathy. In this article, the authors present the pathophysiology behind SARS-CoV-2-related kidney involvement and the development of COVID-19-associated nephropathy.
Never Too Late to Treat NMDAR Encephalitis: A Paediatric Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Cheng Yisha , Chefitz Dalya , Bhise Vikram
Published: January 2023

Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody encephalitis is an immune-mediated disorder characterised by a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that often can be initially misdiagnosed. A small subset of the population is refractory to both first- and second-line therapies. These reasons make delays to the correct therapy a major concern, as early treatment may lead to better outcomes in children. Nevertheless, there is still benefit in additional medication courses despite a prolonged refractory state. The authors provide an illustrative case report and review of literature.

Case Presentation: The authors describe a 5-year-old female with 5 days of change in mental status; choreoathetoid movements were found to have positive anti-GluN1 antibodies in their cerebral spinal fluid. They failed first-line intravenous steroids and intravenous Ig and second-line rituximab, but then were discharged to rehabilitation without improvement over 3 months. Despite the time frame, they had a complete response to 12 sessions of plasma exchange with concomitant pulse steroids and subsequent intravenous Ig.

Conclusion: The authors’ case report and review of literature supports practices that prompt additional therapy for incomplete or failure of response in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis despite prolonged symptom duration. Extended plasma exchange therapy may be beneficial in some treatment refractory cases.
Biosimilars and Switching: What is your Perspective?
Authors: Fricker Janet
Published: January 2023

The licensing of biosimilars heralds the start of a new era for physicians treating immune and inflammatory diseases. This symposium provided an update on biosimilar drugs and dealt with questions and concerns around switching from a reference biological drug to its biosimilar.

Prof Isaacs presented the physician’s perspective, describing the regulatory process that is designed to provide reassurance regarding clinical equivalence for biosimilars alongside comparable safety and immunogenicity data. A current consequence of a range of different clinical trial designs is that biosimilars cannot be compared. As more biosimilars enter the market, he made the case for the standardisation of clinical trial designs to simplify comparisons between the different biosimilars. Dr Goll gave an overview of the NOR-SWITCH study. The Norwegian government-funded study showed that switching from reference infliximab (INX) to the biosimilar CT-P13 was not inferior to continued treatment with INX.

Prof Gonçalves shared the pharmacist’s perspective and explained that post-approval pharmacovigilance is crucial for consolidating confidence in biosimilars. He presented studies showing that there was no evidence for biosimilar-related immunogenicity beyond the reference molecule. He concluded that in pharmacovigilance all switching information obtained in registries should be pooled with voluntarily reported and suspected adverse-drug reactions.

Ms Bosworth focussed on the views and needs of patients with regard to key issues associated with switching to biosimilar drugs. She stated honesty and transparency were required when explaining the reasons for switching and that healthcare staff should not hide the fact that saving money is the reason for switching. Financial savings resulting from introducing biosimilars, she stressed, should be shared between commissioners, hospital units, and rheumatology teams. A range of resources on biosimilars for both health professionals and patients are available from the National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society (NRAS).
Demokrati på erhvervsuddannelser med afsæt i social- og sundhedsuddannelser
Authors: Duch Henriette , Kidde Skov Tobias
Published: January 2023

Since the year 2000, the Danish vocational education and training institutions have been legally required to include the educational objective of educating the students to participate in democracy. We examine the implementation of the requirement from a student perspective, through interviews with twelve newcomers at a social and health care college. Our focus is the student experience in school and their expectations for their working life. 

With the theoretical approach of John Dewey’s philosophy on democracy and education we find a diversity among students. Some students are very active and express their opinions while others choose to be reluctant in public. In social science, the students learn about representative democracy but democracy as a social practice is limited in other subjects and in the classroom. However, the teachers’ role seems important for the students’ courage to speak up. The article concludes that some students might be in risk of exclusion of democracy, and we suggest more research in didactical approaches to address this.
ROS-scavenging hydrogel as protective carrier to regulate stem cells activity and promote osteointegration of 3D printed porous titanium prosthesis in osteoporosis
Authors: Ding Wenbin , Zhou Qirong , Lu Yifeng , Wei Qiang , Tang Hao , Zhang Donghua , Liu Zhixiao , Wang Guangchao , Wu Dajiang
Published: January 2023

Stem cell-based therapy has drawn attention as an alternative option for promoting prosthetic osteointegration in osteoporosis by virtue of its unique characteristics. However, estrogen deficiency is the main mechanism of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Estrogen, as an effective antioxidant, deficienncy also results in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body, affecting the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and the bone formation i osteoporosis. In this study, we prepared a ROS-scavenging hydrogel by crosslinking of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), 3-acrylamido phenylboronic acid (APBA) and acrylamide. The engineered hydrogel can scavenge ROS efficiently, enabling it to be a cell carrier of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to protect delivered cells from ROS-mediated death and osteogenesis inhibition, favorably enhancing the tissue repair potential of stem cells. Further in vivo investigations seriously demonstrated that this ROS-scavenging hydrogel encapsulated with BMSCs can prominently promote osteointegration of 3D printed microporous titanium alloy prosthesis in osteoporosis, including scavenging accumulated ROS, inducing macrophages to polarize toward M2 phenotype, suppressing inflammatory cytokines expression, and improving osteogenesis related markers (e.g., ALP, Runx-2, COL-1, BSP, OCN, and OPN). This work provides a novel strategy for conquering the challenge of transplanted stem cells cannot fully function in the impaired microenvironment, and enhancing prosthetic osteointegration in osteoporosis.
Cardiomyocyte cohesion is increased after ADAM17 inhibition
Authors: Shoykhet Maria , Waschke Jens , Yeruva Sunil
Published: January 2023

A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease (ADAM) family proteins are involved in several cardiac diseases, and some ADAMs have been associated with cardiomyopathies. ADAM17 is known to cleave desmoglein 2 (DSG2), one of the proteins involved in the pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC). Desmosomal stability is impaired in AC, an inheritable genetic disease, the underlying causes of which can be mutations in genes coding for proteins of the desmosome, such as DSG2, desmoplakin (DP), plakoglobin (PG), plakophilin 2 or desmocollin 2. Stabilizing desmosomal contacts can therefore be a treatment option. In the heart of the murine Jup−/− AC model, (Jup being the gene coding for PG) mice, elevated levels of p38MAPK, an activator of ADAM17, were found. However, ADAM17 levels were unaltered in Jup−/− mice hearts. Nonetheless, inhibition of ADAM17 led to enhanced cardiomyocyte cohesion in both Jup+/+ and Jup−/− mice, and in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Further, enhanced cohesion in HL-1 cardiomyocytes after acute inhibition of ADAM17 was paralleled by enhanced localization of DSG2 and DP at the membrane, whereas no changes in desmosomal assembly or the desmosomal complex were observed. In conclusion, acute inhibition of ADAM17 might lead to reduced cleavage of DSG2, thereby stabilizing the desmosomal adhesion, evidenced by increased DSG2 and DP localization at cell borders and eventually cardiomyocyte cohesion. We believe that similar mechanisms exist in AC.
Formation conditions of natural gas fields in the lacustrine basin in eastern China: Insights into the first discovery within the Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Xue Yongan , Yang Haifeng , Xu Peng , Xiao Shuguang
Published: January 2023

The hydrocarbon source of Bohai Bay Basin is dominated by oil-prone kerogens of type II2-II1 within semi-deep and deep lacustrine facies. In the Neogene period, faults were well-developed via significant structural activity. The Bohai Sea is generally considered to have no geological basis for the formation of large natural gas fields. Through analogous analysis of domestic and international gas fields, the key geological factors that restrict formation in continental rift lacustrine basins were studied, including gas source, preservation conditions, and reservoirs. A natural gas enrichment and accumulation model within a petroliferous basin is presented. The model indicates that rapid subsidence and high-intensity gas generation within petroliferous sags during the late stages were main contributors to natural gas field formation. Archean metamorphic buried hill reservoirs and thick, overpressure mudstone with strong vertical sealing ability provided favorable storage space and preservation, respectively. Using the model, an integrated Archaean metamorphic buried hill condensate gas reservoir, Bozhong 19–6, was discovered in the Bohai Bay Basin. The natural gas reserves are about 450×109 m3, equivalent to oil production of 800 ×106 m3, and signify a breakthrough in natural gas exploration of continental rift lacustrine basins in China.
Coseismic and early postseismic deformation of the 2020 Nima Mw 6.4 earthquake, central Tibet, from InSAR and GNSS observations
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Xia Tao , Liu-Zeng Jing , Deng Debeier , Jia Zhige , Wang Peng , Yu Pengfei , Wang Wenqing
Published: January 2023

The 2020 Mw6.4 Nima earthquake is one of the largest normal-faulting earthquakes recently occurring north of the Banggong suture zone in remote central Tibet, where geologic investigation of active faults is extremely limited. We analyze jointly InSAR and GNSS observations over 9 months after the Nima earthquake and calculate the coseismic and postseismic displacement. The optimal coseismic slip model suggests this event is the result of moderate-angle down-dip slip on a complex reversed “S-shape” three-segmented structure at fault junctions of the West Yibu-Chaka fault, the Heishi fault, and an unmapped blind fault, with a small component of left-lateral slip. The superposition of seismic waves from faults with different strikes and dips accounted for a large non-double-couple component in the long-period point-source solutions. The geodetic moment released by the mainshock is 6.4 × 1018 N⋅m, equivalent to Mw 6.42. Coseismic rupture concentrated at a depth of 4–15 km, with a peak slip of 1.36 m at 8.5 km depth. The cumulative afterslip moment within 9 months after the mainshock is 1 × 1018 N m, about 15.6% of that released by the mainshock coseismic slip. The afterslips contributed largely to the release of additional strain energy. In addition, shallow creep on the northern part of the blind fault, and deep uplift on the east normal fault system are promoted by stress perturbations. A significant proportion of down-dip coseismic slip spreading to more than 20 km beneath the surface, and deep up-slip afterslip have implications for the rheology of down-dip extension of the dipping faults in northern Tibet. Two obvious stress loading zones of more than 1 bar highlight seismic hazards in the region, especially in the junction between normal faults and ends of the large-size sinistral Riganpei-Co and Jiangai-Zangbu faults. It is necessary to forecast accurately by longer-term afterslip observation over timescales of years for the faults. Compared with previous studies, our results suggest a more complex subsurface fault geometry linking the normal and strike-slip faults and dynamic stress adjustment in this poorly-known region of Tibet.
Assimilation of FY-4A GIIRS radiance observations in the forecast of Typhoon Bavi
Authors: Xiao Xianjun , Lu Qifeng , Lv Xinyan , Shen Wenqi
Published: January 2023

We assimilated radiance observations from the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) onboard the FengYun-4A geostationary satellite to evaluate their impact on the forecast of Typhoon Bavi using WRFDA. The temperature channels with high information content, representing 90% of the information content of all temperature channels, were selected for assimilation. All radiance observations above the cloud-top were assimilated by comparing the channel height to the cloud-top height coming from the product of the Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager (AGRI). The assimilation of the GIIRS observations decreased the root-mean-square error of the temperature by 2% and improved the precipitation forecast. The rain band in southeast China was reproduced well, thus showing that infrared hyperspectral radiance observations have added value in improving the circulation around typhoons and, therefore, provide better forecasts. The increased relative humidity in the upper layer and stronger typhoon outflow were found to related to the intensify of typhoon in the analysis compared with the control experiment.
Investigation of wind characteristics of typhoon boundary layer through field experiments and CFD simulations
Authors: Li Tiantian , Qu Hongya , Tang Shengming , Tang Jie , Yan Jiaming , Lin Limin , Li YongPing , Yang Yuhua
Published: January 2023

High-resolution observations of typhoon boundary layer above 100 m are rare as traditional wind towers are generally below 100 m, which limits the study of typhoon boundary layer and engineering applications such as wind-resistant design of tall buildings and wind turbines in typhoon-prone regions. In this study, boundary layer winds of super typhoon Lekima (2019) are observed, simulated and analyzed. Together with traditional wind tower, Doppler wind lidar is utilized for observations of typhoon boundary layer in order to obtain measured data above 100 m. Besides, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method is conducted to further investigate the impact of complex terrain on the near-surface wind characteristics. The results show that the power law fits the mean wind speed profile well below 100 m. However, before and after the typhoon lands, a local reverse or low-level jet occurs in the mean wind speed profile at the height of 100–300 m, which cannot be depicted by the power law. Meanwhile, the turbulence intensity increases with height and experiences larger fluctuations. In addition, there is a significant negative correlation between the ground elevation and power exponents of the fitted mean wind speed profiles. This study provides useful information to better understand wind characteristics of the typhoon boundary layer.
Early Cambrian Anabarella plana from Three Gorges area, South China
Authors: Qiang Yaqin , Peng Jiaxin , Song Zuchen , Sun Jie , Zhao Xiaofang , Li Guoxiang , Han Jian , Guo Junfeng
Published: January 2023

Anabarella, a conspicuous taxon of early mollusc, is widely distributed in the early Cambrian strata and is considered an important link in the evolutionary lineage that reflects a transitional form from helcionelloids to bivalves. In South China,Anabarellahas mainly been documented from Yunnan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Hubei provinces. However, the taxonomy ofAnabarellais questionable, which has implications for the interpretation of the genus’ temporal and spatial distribution. New and abundant well-preserved specimens of the helcionelloid molluscAnabarellawere recovered from the Member 5 of the Yanjiahe Formation in the Three Gorges area. Through morphological study, these specimens can be definitely identified asA. plana. On the basis of this new material, the species ofAnabarellapreviously reported in the literature from South China were taxonomically revised, and, with the exception ofA. planafrom the Yanjiahe Formation, other species should be assigned toIgorella. Therefore, at present,A. planais the only valid species of the genusAnabarellain South China and is limited to Cambrian Stage 2. Study of the available specimens ofA. planareveal three types of microstructures: convex polygonal impressions, concave polygons, and lamello-fibrillar microstructure. In addition, the thicker shell of the sub-apical area and the three different structures of the sub-apical area provide more evidence thatA. planamight have adapted a semi-infanual mode of life and indicate thatAnabarellais a likely ancestor ofWatsonella.
Using Maxwell’s Theory to model and quantify the fracture evolution of cyclothymic deposition phosphate rock
Authors: Pan Deng , Xia Yuanyou , Zhang Dianji , Chen Xuyong , Wu Qiaoyun , Lin Manqing , Wang Zhangqiong , Pan Jun
Published: January 2023

The evolution and stability of fracturing in the cyclothymic deposition of phosphate rocks are strongly affected by the viscoelasticity and structural form of the rock-forming minerals. Presently, there is no standardized method that has been widely accepted to accurately quantify the elastic-plastic deformation and fracturing of such striped structural rock nor reflect the role of the different lithogenous minerals in phosphate rocks when subjected to viscoelastic strain loading. In this study, integrated mathematical equations were formulated for modelling the mechanical and fracture behaviour of cyclothymic deposition in structured phosphate rocks. These constitutive equations were developed based on Maxwell’s Theory after the elastic modulus and damping coefficient of the rock-forming mineral from the mechanical testing were substituted into the derived-equations. In these new models, the apatite stripes and dolomite stripes were incorporated into the transverse isotropic model through the analysis of structural characteristics of the phosphate rock. Through experimental validation, the response curves of the creep and stress relaxation tests were found to be consistent with the deformation curves generated by modelling using the mathematical equations. Overall, the formulated model along with the corresponding equations was found to exhibit good applicability properties to describe phosphate’s mechanical and fracture behaviour under low horizontal compressive stresses. In the study, the creep mechanism in phosphate rocks were satisfactorily analysed from the angles of microscopic morphology, cracks evolution, and inter-crystalline strength. The hard brittle apatite was found to be surrounded and separated by high creep variant dolomite. Furthermore, the analysis showed that dolomite crystals possessing high creep properties dominated the distribution and evolution of secondary structures in the phosphate rock, under the condition of long-term low-stress loading.
Stability analysis and numerical simulation of foundation in old goaf under building load
Authors: Zhang Xiangdong , Li Wenliang , Li Tianyu , Li Zong , Cai Guanjun , Shen Zhen , Li Rantong
Published: January 2023

This study comprehensively analyzes the safety and stability of old goaf under construction engineering based on specific projects using a variety of research methods. The Beijing Mentougou mining area is used as the research background. The methods of field investigation, laboratory testing, engineering drilling, geophysical exploration, theoretical calculation, and numerical simulation are combined to quantitatively analyze the stability of the foundation and ground buildings in old goaf. The influence depth of the building load and height of the caving crack zone are calculated using the “three-zone theory” to judge if the goaf is at risk of activation. Further simulation is conducted using two types of finite element analysis software, which increases the reliability of the numerical analysis. The results demonstrate that uneven subsidence of approximately 100 mm occurs in the buildings and ground surface, and subsidence of approximately 50 mm occurs in the goaf roof. It is also proven that goaf affects the stability of the surrounding rock and building foundation. Finally, a goaf treatment scheme is proposed. The treatment effect is found to be remarkable through field tests and numerical simulations, ensuring the safety and stability of a building foundation. The combination of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation can effectively evaluate the safety and stability of the project under load, and has a strong promotion and application value. The research results meet the needs of engineering practice, and provide a great reference value for the rational utilization of the land above the old goaf in the Mentougou district of Beijing and similar mining cities, which has a good theoretical significance and application prospect.
Emerging roles and potential application of PIWI-interacting RNA in urological tumors
Authors: Zhang Jingcheng , Zhang Wentao , Liu Yuchao , Pi Man , Jiang Yufeng , Ainiwaer Ailiyaer , Mao Shiyu , Chen Haotian , Ran Yuefei , Sun Shuwen , Li Wei , Yao Xudong , Chang Zhengyan , Yan Yang
Published: January 2023

The piRNA (PIWI-interacting RNA) is P-Element induced wimpy testis (PIWI)-interacting RNA which is a small molecule, non-coding RNA with a length of 24-32nt. It was originally found in germ cells and is considered a regulator of germ cell function. It can interact with PIWI protein, a member of the Argonaute family, and play a role in the regulation of gene transcription and epigenetic silencing of transposable factors in the nucleus. More and more studies have shown that piRNAs are abnormally expressed in a variety of cancer tissues and patient fluids, and may become diagnostic tools, therapeutic targets, staging markers, and prognostic evaluation tools for cancer. This article reviews the recent research on piRNA and summarizes the structural characteristics, production mechanism, applications, and its role in urological tumors, to provide a reference value for piRNA to regulate urological tumors.
Concentrating solar assisted biomass-to-fuel conversion through gasification: A review
Authors: Xu Dequan , Gu Xinzhuang , Dai Yanjun
Published: January 2023

Solar energy, the most abundant and exploitable renewable energy resource, is regarded as a major energy source for the future. Nevertheless, solar irradiation is characterized by relatively low energy density, intermittency and uneven distribution. Storage of solar energy for usage during non-solar times is required to match supply and demand rates in today’s society. In this context, the application of solar energy for converting into storable, transportable, and energy-dense fuels (i.e., solar fuels) is an attractive option, with the advantage of contributing to promoting the commercialization of solar power technologies. Solar assisted biomass gasification is a promising pathway to produce solar fuels. With concentrated solar energy providing reaction heat, carbonaceous materials can be converted to high grade syngas, which could be further synthesized into useful hydrocarbon fuels. In such process, solar energy is stored in a chemical form, with solar spectrum fully utilized. Compared with autothermal biomass gasification, the usage of high-flux concentrated solar radiation to drive endothermic gasification reactions improves energy efficiencies, saves biomass feedstocks, and is relatively free of combustion by-products. This review presents a comprehensive summary of solar assisted biomass gasification, including concentrating solar technology, fundamentals of solar biomass gasification, state-of-the-art solar gasifier designs, strategies for solar intermittence management, and downstream applications.