bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE STREET ART AND THE CHANGING NATURE OF THE ARTWORK TAKEN AWAY FROM ITS CONTEXT
Authors: ERGEN İPEK
Published: June 2022

Graffiti and street art, which are alternative forms of expression and communication developed on the street, have evolved from illegal practices intended for the attention of a limited group, to accepted forms of artistic expression that appeal to the interest and taste of large masses. This transformation brought along academic approval and institutionalization, while many artists responded to this new interest and demand, galleries and museums also made room for these works in their programs. Thus, these practices, which were once considered a criminal element; have been exhibited and sold within institutions by being displaced, reproduced or recreated in studios. In this article, this controversial situation regarding the institutionalization of street art is discussed in the context of the work and possible changes in its nature. For this purpose, focusing on the period called post-graffiti and its aftermath; contradictory situations underlined by the entry of works related to street culture which has evolved into an artistic expression, to institutions such as galleries, museums, and auction houses, are revealed through the transformations that take place in the work itself, its environment, audience, and the audience's experience. In this context, between 2015-2019, in various cities of Germany, Netherlands, İtaly, United States of America and Greece; street art works on the street, in museums, galleries and art fairs are experienced as a spectator and documented through photographs; the collected data were supported by the relevant literature.
DIGITAL ADDICTIONS AND DIGITAL MINIMALISM AS A ROAD TO ESCAPE FROM DIGITAL ADDICTIONS
Authors: BİRİCİK ZEYNEP
Published: June 2022

After digitalization is integrated with communication technologies, daily life continues under the dominance of digital tools. Individuals continue their lives in an intense technology spiral and use these technologies in the work they need to do in their daily routines. In the process from the past to the present, although a reluctant and pessimistic view is displayed against every new technology, none of them has been as effective and connected in human life as the digital tools that have entered our lives with the internet. The prejudice against digital tools at the beginning has left itself a habit over time, and these tools have become an inseparable part of the lives of individuals. The urge to stay in constant connection and control outside of the advantageous areas of use, such as the convenience offered by digital technologies, providing access anywhere at any time, and being inexpensive, turns into a disadvantage for some individuals and leads to addiction. Today, individuals' close relationship with technologies has started to turn them into digital addicts, and individuals have made these tools a tool that they interact with instead of using them for purpose. Recently, digital detox, digital diet, and digital minimalism are frequently used methods as one of the ways to get rid of or prevent digital addictions. In this study, in the context of digital minimalism, in order to get rid of digital addictions or prevent addiction, it is aimed to reveal whether individuals have minimalized usage habits while using digital tools. In this context, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight participants, four women, and four men, studying at the faculty of communication. In the interviews, it was concluded that the duration of digital tool use of the participants was at the level of addiction, and they did not make a distinction between technological benefits and harms while using digital tools. At the same time, it has been observed that the participants spend their free time using these technologies and do not have usage habits that they do not place in the order of importance in technology use and that they minimize while using digital tools. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the participants were actually digital addicts, and they did not take any action to prevent it.
Homogenization design and drag reduction characteristics of hydrodynamic cloaks
Authors: Wang Hao , Yao Neng-Zhi , Wang Bin , Wang Xue-Sheng ,   School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
Published: June 2022

Hydrodynamic cloaks have attracted extensive attention because of their ability to significantly reduce the surface resistance of designated target. However, most of parameters of traditional hydrodynamic cloaks present inhomogeneous and anisotropy, which increases the challenge of manufacturing hydrodynamic cloaks for us. To overcome this limitation, equivalent medium theory and integral median theorem are used to homogenize the parameters of hydrodynamic cloaks. Numerical simulations verify that the simplified homogeneous hydrodynamic cloaks exhibit the equivalent cloaking effect as inhomogeneous hydrodynamic cloaks, which can be applied to different flow fields as well. This simplified method not only can simplify inhomogeneous hydrodynamic cloaks to homogeneous hydrodynamic cloaks, but also can be applied to other physical fields, such as optics, acoustics, electromagnetics, and thermodynamics among other areas for the homogenization of metamaterial design, providing a new method to relax the difficulty of metamaterial design. In addition, based on the applicability of homogeneous hydrodynamic cloaks to different flow fields, hydrodynamic camouflage devices are designed that can camouflage the flow fields generated by the original objects into fields caused by arbitrary objects, offering a scheme for achieving hydrodynamic camouflage. Finally, as Reynolds numbers increase, the cloaking and drag reduction performance of hydrodynamic cloaks are quantitatively compared and analyzed. The results show that hydrodynamic cloaks still exhibit high performance in cloaking and drag reduction in non-creeping flows.
Comprehensive fitness landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro reveals insights into viral resistance mechanisms
Authors: Flynn Julia M , Samant Neha , Schneider-Nachum Gily , Barkan David T , Yilmaz Nese Kurt , Schiffer Celia A , Moquin Stephanie A , Dovala Dustin , Bolon Daniel NA
Published: June 2022

With the continual evolution of new strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that are more virulent, transmissible, and able to evade current vaccines, there is an urgent need for effective anti-viral drugs. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is a leading target for drug design due to its conserved and indispensable role in the viral life cycle. Drugs targeting Mpro appear promising but will elicit selection pressure for resistance. To understand resistance potential in Mpro, we performed a comprehensive mutational scan of the protease that analyzed the function of all possible single amino acid changes. We developed three separate high throughput assays of Mpro function in yeast, based on either the ability of Mpro variants to cleave at a defined cut-site or on the toxicity of their expression to yeast. We used deep sequencing to quantify the functional effects of each variant in each screen. The protein fitness landscapes from all three screens were strongly correlated, indicating that they captured the biophysical properties critical to Mpro function. The fitness landscapes revealed a non-active site location on the surface that is extremely sensitive to mutation, making it a favorable location to target with inhibitors. In addition, we found a network of critical amino acids that physically bridge the two active sites of the Mpro dimer. The clinical variants of Mpro were predominantly functional in our screens, indicating that Mpro is under strong selection pressure in the human population. Our results provide predictions of mutations that will be readily accessible to Mpro evolution and that are likely to contribute to drug resistance. This complete mutational guide of Mpro can be used in the design of inhibitors with reduced potential of evolving viral resistance.
LightFIG: simplifying and powering feature interactions via graph for recommendation
Authors: Di Weiqiang
Published: June 2022

The attributes of users and items contain key information for recommendation. The latest advances demonstrate that better representations can be learned by performing graph convolutions on attribute graph of the user-item pair. Recently proposed models construct graphs that not only connect edges between user attributes and item attributes, but also within user (item) attributes. However, to determine whether a user is interested in an item, the relationships between user attributes and item attributes are what we really need to mine. In many cases, due to the low correlation between relationships within user (item) attributes and preference of the user, the artificially connected edges within user (item) attributes contribute little to the recommendation. Even worse, including them will not only drastically increase the training time, but may also introduce noise and lead to degraded performance. In addition, the use of the optimizer is also relatively simple. One single optimizer is the default configuration for recommendation models. This may not be the best way to exploit it in many cases however. To solve these problems, we propose an enhanced model named LightFIG in this work. The key idea of LightFIG is twofold: First, we simplify the construction of attribute graph which focuses on mining relationships cross user attributes and item attributes, not between user (item) attributes. Second, we propose the idea of relay optimization, which employs two different optimizers to continuously optimize model parameters. Comprehensive experiments on three public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model.
Diversity of an uncommon elastic hypersaline microbial mat along a small-scale transect
Authors: Espinosa-Asuar Laura , Monroy-Guzmán Camila , Madrigal-Trejo David , Navarro-Miranda Marisol , Sánchez-Pérez Jazmin , Buenrostro Muñoz Jhoselinne , Villar Juan , Cifuentes Camargo Julián Felipe , Kalambokidis Maria , Esquivel-Hernandez Diego A. , Viladomat Jasso Mariette , Escalante Ana E. , Velez Patricia , Figueroa Mario , Martinez-Cardenas Anahi , Ramirez-Barahona Santiago , Gasca-Pineda Jaime , Eguiarte Luis E. , Souza Valeria
Published: June 2022

We evaluated the microbial diversity and metabolome profile of an uncommon hypersaline elastic microbial mat from Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (CCB) in the Chihuahuan Desert of Coahuila, México. We collected ten samples on a small scale transect (1.5-m) and described its microbial diversity through NGS-based ITS and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. A very low number of taxa comprised a considerable proportion of the mat and were shared across all sampling points, whereas the rare biosphere was more phylogenetically diverse (Faith’s Phylogenetic Diversity (FPD) index) and phylogenetically disperse (using a null model distribution of Phylogenetic Species Clustering (nmdPSC)) than the abundant (high read count) taxa for both analyzed libraries. We also found a distinctive metabolome profile for each sample and were able to tentatively annotate several classes of compounds with relevant biological properties.
The University Services and the Performances of Music, Arts, Physical Education and Health (MAPEH) Graduates in the Licensure Examination for
Authors: Samonte Kenneth , De Guzman Pastora
Published: June 2022

One significant component to assure the quality of teaching workforce in most states is the Licensure Examination. The performance of education graduates in the licensure examination for teachers may also serve as an evaluation of the quality of education which the College of Education offers to its students. The study aimed to determine the performance of Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health (MAPEH) graduates in the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) and if there is an existing relationship between the LET performance and the different contributory factors, namely; subjects (general education, professional education, and field of specialization), facilities, administrative management and program/activities. Eighty-four (84) BSE MAPEH major graduates served as respondents. The descriptive correlational method specifically questionnaires served as the primary tool for data gathering, and it was supplemented by interviews, with the mean and Pearson Product Moment (PPM).  The findings revealed that most of the respondents failed in Professional Education and passed in the Field of Specialization and General Education subjects. It was found out that gender is significantly related to LET performance of the respondents and that there was no significant relationship existed between the respondents' LET performance and the different contributory factors, namely, Subjects, Facilities, Administrative Management and Program/Activities.
Assessment of Vitamin A and Vitamin E Levels in Patients with Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-control Study
Authors: Thakur Rajan Kumar , Ambiger Sudha , Shindhe Varsha M
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes in India according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Diabetes Atlas 2015 is reported to be 8.7%. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder, which results from body’s insensitivity to insulin and affects humankind at an alarming pose. Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) is an important biomarker in assessing glucose level serologically. If HbA1c level is <7% the diabetes is said to be in controlled conditions. Vitamin A and E plays pivotal role as antioxidants in order to control oxidative stress which is an important contributing factor in diabetes mellitus by neutralising free radicals generated. Aim: To assess the antioxidants vitamin A and vitamin E levels in controlled and uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and also to correlate the vitamin A and E levels with HbA1C in controlled and uncontrolled T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: The present case-control study was conducted for 12 months from January 2019 to December 2019 in the Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Belagavi, Karnataka, India. The blood samples were collected from KLE’S Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Center, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. A total of 110 subjects were divided into two group’s controlled Group 1 (55) and uncontrolled Group 2 diabetes (55) on the basis of HbA1c levels. Vitamin A and E levels were assessed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. HbA1c was estimated by using Bio-Rad D-10 HbA1c program. The data was assessed using Chi-square test, Independent t-test, and Karl-Pearson corelation test. Results: There were a total of 29 males and 26 females in controlled T2DM group and a total of 34 males and 21 females in uncontrolled T2DM group. The mean ages in controlled and uncontrolled T2DM subjects were 57.11±8.82 years and 54.22±7.93 years respectively. The HbA1c (%), vitamin E and vitamin A in controlled T2DM subjects were 6.01±0.56 years, 1.01±0.43 years and 21.66±7.94 years respectively. The HbA1c (%), vitamin E and vitamin A in uncontrolled T2DM subjects were 9.31±0.25 years, 0.58±0.29 years and 14.66±5.36 years respectively. Corelation of vitamin A and E with HbA1c was found to be non significant statistically. Conclusion: Vitamin A and E levels were comparatively higher in controlled diabetes patients in comparison to uncontrolled T2DM patients.
Comparison of Ultrasound-based Diaphragmatic Thickness Fraction (DTF) with Rapid Shallow Breathing Index and DTF alone for Predicting Successful Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomised Control Trial
Authors: . Mita , Arshad Zia , Siddiqui Ahsan K , Mourya Ramgopal , Singh Gyan Prakash , Abbas Haider
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The timing for weaning from mechanical ventilator support is crucial because both early discontinuation and delayed weaning may lead to increased morbidity and mortality as well as high medical cost. Diaphragmatic Thickness Fraction (DTF), among the various ultrasound-based diaphragmatic measurements, can not only assess the readiness to wean but also predict the simple weaning. The Rapid Shallow Breathing Index (RSBI) or Yang Tobin index is a tool that is used in the weaning of mechanical ventilation. RSBI is the ratio of respiratory rate to tidal volume in litre (RR/VT). Aim: To estimate success of weaning process by using the ultrasound-guided DTF% alone as a weaning predictor, and compare it with the index derived from the combination of both DTF% and RSBI. Materials and Methods: This randomised control study was conducted on 100 patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during one year, from October 2019 to September 2020. When the patients satisfied the weaning criteria, they were given Spontaneous Breathing Trial (SBT). After SBT the ultrasound was done and RSBI were calculated. Composite Index (CI) was derived by combining DTF% and RSBI. Patients were divided in two groups. In “group C” CI was used as weaning predictor, and in “group D” DTF% alone was taken as weaning predictor. Incidence of weaning failure was noted in each group. The statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 19.0. Chi-square test, Student’s t-test, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, 2x2 tables were used. Results: The DTF% value >44.0% was found to be 95.2% sensitive, and 96.2% specific based on the ROC curve. The proportion of cases requiring reintubation was significantly higher in group D (DTF%) compared to group C (CI) (30.0% vs. 12.0%). RSBI with DTF% had a better sensitivity and specificity than DTF% alone. Conclusion: DTF% with RSBI is a much better predictor than DTF% alone. Sonography is subjective and has a long learning curve DTF% can be combined with RSBI to improve patient outcome.
Correction of Unilateral Cleft Lip, Palate and Alveolus by Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding using Modified Nasal Stent- A Case Report
Authors: Noufal T , Khan Shoaib Ulla , Goutham B , Muddaiah Sunil , Somaiah Sanju
Published: June 2022

Cleft deformities may lead to psychological problems, dental problems, and aesthetic problems, if left untreated. Hence the management of cleft patients is quite challenging and controversial which involves a multidisciplinary approach including members of various specialties. The Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding (PNAM) method is an innovative therapy for mitigating the impact of craniofacial deformities. The use of PNAM therapy in a newborn infant is described in this case report. Impressions were taken during the first visit and on the same day lip tape therapy (lip taping) was started using 3M™ Steri Strip™. The Nasoalveolar Molding (NAM) plate was delivered to approximate the cleft alveolus. A modified nasal stent appliance was administered until the cleft gap was decreased to around 4 mm and the cleft lip was repaired through surgery. The use of PNAM with the modified nasal stent appliance showed promise in lowering the amount of the cleft deformity of the lip, palate, and alveolus, with improving nasal aesthetics. When comparing pre-NAM to post-NAM, there was also a considerable reduction in the alveolar defect. In cleft patients, the PNAM-assisted primary reconstruction employing a nasal stent appliance resulted in an overall improvement of the nasolabial complex, enhanced aesthetics, and a reduction in the extent of surgery and surgical operations.
A Rare Case Report of Pythium Insidiosum Keratitis in an Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: . Beena , Betu Rama Soujanya
Published: June 2022

Corneal ulcers are one of the major causes of monocular blindness after cataracts in developing nations and have a varied aetiology. One of the emerging causes of corneal ulcers closely resembling fungi in its morphology is the Pythium insidiosum which is known to infect a variety of animals, but in humans, only a few cases have been reported causing ocular, cutaneous/subcutaneous, vascular, and disseminated infections. This was a case of a 29-year-old male, non agriculturist by occupation who presented to the Ophthalmology Outpatient Department with a history of diminution of vision, redness and watering of the left eye in the last 5 days. On further investigations, he was diagnosed to have a corneal ulcer with P.insidiosum being the aetiological agent. The patient was managed surgically by penetrating keratoplasty and medically by combination therapy consisting of moxifloxacin eyedrops every 4th hour, voriconazole eye drops 2 hourly, natamycin eye drops 2nd hourly, oral fluconazole 150 mg thrice daily for 1 week.
Economic Analysis of Oilpalm Cultivation in India: A Case of Andhra Pradesh State
Authors: Reddy G. Raghunadha , Gita B. Meher , Pravallika K. V. S. D. , Reddy M. Chandrasekahar
Published: June 2022

Aim: Present study was taken up with an objective to examine the economic viability and financial feasibility of oilpalm cultivation in Andhra Pradesh.

Study Design: Random sampling was used for the study. From each district, based on area proportionality 60 oil palm growers were selected.

Place and Duration of Study: The present study was based on primary data collected from 8 oil palm growing districts of Andhra Pradesh. Data was collected in the year 2021.

Methodology: To study the financial feasibility, cost concepts given by Commisssion for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), profitability measures like NPV, BCR, IRR and resource use efficiency were used.

Results: The results revealed that, the total cost during the pre-bearing period (initial 3 years) was Rs. 247831 per hectare which includes variable cost (Rs. 167267) and fixed cost (Rs. 80564). The total cost during bearing period (4th to 15th years only) was Rs. 1260177 with a variable cost of Rs. 669494 and fixed cost of Rs. 590684. The total cost (Cost C3) of Oil palm and the net returns over Cost C3 were found as Rs. 1666053 and Rs. 942092 pKer hectare respectively. The increased transportation costs of manures and non-availability of Farm Yard Manure led to the usage of more inorganic fertilizers by sample farmers. The resource use efficiency revealed that manures, fertilizers and annuity of drip system are underutilized whereas; labour and transportation costs were over-utilized.

Conclusion: Benefit-cost ratio on variable costs and total costs was 2.98 and 1.49 respectively at 7 per cent which determines that the oil palm cultivation is financially more viable and best suited for rich, large land owning farmers. IRR was 26.01 per cent at which NPV becomes zero. The NPV, BCR and IRR revealed that oil palm cultivation was economically viable in Andhra Pradesh.
Personalized Approach in Smoking Cessation of a Rural Community Health Clinic in Malaysia
Authors: Chang Li-Cheng , Loh Keng-Yin
Published: June 2022

Chronic smoking is well known to be associated with many medical disorders in the community. If smoking cessation program can be implemented early in the community it can prevent many non-communicable disease and reduce overall healthcare cost in managing these smoking related complications. The aim of this report is to highlight an organized personalized approach used in smoking cessation clinic in a rural community health clinic in Malaysia. The concept, process, follow up and defaulter tracing system are clearly defined in the clinic. Smoking cessation clinic serves both as treatment and education center for the community people. It can be implemented successfully even in a remote community health care clinic.
Influence of Plastic Mulching and Irrigation Levels on Soil Temperature, Moisture and Water Use Efficiency of Tomato Crop (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Kishore Gottam , Babu Banda Maheswara , Mattaparti Lakshmi Durga
Published: June 2022

Farmers in India rarely employ plastic mulches in tomato cultivation, despite the fact that it has the potential to save irrigation water, manage weeds, and increase output. The precision of irrigation water for tomato production using various colour plastic mulches was evaluated in an experimental farm at UAS-Raichur. Because of the effect of irrigation levels, the 120 percent evapotranspiration based irrigation treatment had the most soil moisture availability, while the 60 percent evapotranspiration irrigation by drip had the lowest, and optimal soil moisture was maintained using plastic colour mulches. The maximum temperature was recorded in white on black plastic colour mulch (3.690C), which absorbs 100 percent of solar radiation, and the highest temperature was measured in black plastic colour mulch (3.690C), which absorbs 100 percent of solar radiation (2.250C). The water use efficiency was highest when 80 percent ET was combined with white on black plastic colour mulch (26.77 kg/m3).
Can Orthopantomogram (OPG) be a Reliable Diagnostic Aid for Mandibular Measurements over Lateral Cephalogram: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shamnad Shyma , K. Manjusha K. , N. Abin Mohammed B. , A. Nishad , D. Rajesh , Rasool Reyas Y. , A. Aparna M.
Published: June 2022

Aim: To find the reliability of OPG over Lateral Cephalogram for Mandibular Body Length, Mandibular Ramal Height and Total Mandibular Length.

Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment lateral cephalogram and orthopantomogram of 60 patient records within the age group of 12 to 25years were selected from the department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics, Noorul Islam College of dental science. The linear measurements of mandible such as Ramal height are measured from Condylion(Co) to Gonion(Go), total mandibular length from Condylion(Co) to Menton(Me)and body length from Gonion(Go) to Menton(Me).To improve the measurement accuracy, a digital vernier calliper will be used to measure and record the values.

Statistical Analysis: Study data obtained were entered into Microsoft Excel Software and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21, IBM Statistics, USA. Descriptive Statistics (Mean, Standard Deviation and Percentages) were obtained. Intergroup F quantitative analysis was done using the Independent-t-Test and Mann-Whitney Test with the level of significance set at 5% (p < 0.05 = Statistically Significant)

Results: The average age of the entire study group was 18.2 years. Average Mandibular body Length (ML), Ramal Height (RH), and Total Mandibular Length (TML) were traced on OPG with the Mean and Standard Deviation calculated at 87.14±4.14, 52.97±5.92 and 121.26±5.31 respectively. Whereas for the Lateral Cephalogram ML, RH, and TML were 70.16±4.70, 52.14±5.27, 107.31±5.80 respectively. Upon statistical analysis there was a significant mean difference between mandibular body length (ML) and total mandibular length (TML) with P value of 0.01 for both the parameters respectively. However, Ramal height (RH) showed no statistical difference in OPG and lateral cephalogram with P value of 0.41.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that Orthopantomogram (OPG) can be used as a reliable diagnostic aid for measuring Ramal Height compared to lateral cephalogram while OPG cannot be used as a reliable diagnostic aid for measuring mandibular body length and total mandibular length.
Academic Labour Process and ‘Identity-Work’ Construction: Liminal Experience of Academics in the University
Authors: Oladeinde Olusegun
Published: June 2022

Academic labour process in the context of neo-liberal Higher Education (HE) management system, specifically the university system, had in recent years evoked multiple and conflicting dimensions for lived-work experiences of academics in the university. Between multiple levels of mundane/routine teaching and learning, and at the extreme of the continuum, i.e. research for knowledge production, and community engagements, occasioned by the dictates of neo-liberal logics, the lived-work experiences and self-identity of academics are constructed. This co-construction illustrates how the work of academics is further embedded in global neo-liberal dynamics, and how this reconstructs the “normalcy” of academic work process, and “self- identity” of academics. Change in normalcy such as the reforms in universities management system, globally , and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic, for example, has also deepened challenges facing HE management in terms of funding, governance, and “social mission”. This has further compelled universities to initiate alternatives in managerial practices. This is even more demonstrated along the “contours” of neo-liberal reforms of the universities system, globally. Utilizing the concept of “liminality” in organisational research, the paper demonstrates how the emerging dynamics in neo-liberal university system, including the impact of the pandemic shape the “identity-work”, “subjectitviy” and “agency” of academics, in context. While the paper draws on conceptual-analytics of liminality, it evaluates and examines the “discursive narratives” of academics, in context, during period of uncertainties, such as academic policy reforms, academic governance; illustrating the implications on their identity-work. The paper shows how liminal practices in the academia at a time of reform in the universities’ governance could aid the process of construction and co-construction of identity-work of academics. The on-going co-construction of identity-work in the context of neo-liberal academia has produced “liminal personae” in the university system, even at a time of uncertainty.
Da Desinformação ao Caos: uma análise das Fake News frente à pandemia do Coronavírus (COVID-19) no Brasil
Authors: Sousa Júnior João Henriques de , Raasch Michele , Soares João Coelho , Ribeiro Letícia Virgínia Henriques Alves de Sousa
Published: June 2022

A pandemia do novo Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2, o COVID-19) tem sido pauta de discussão nas mídias tradicionais e digitais por todo o mundo. Ansiosa por informações sobre o vírus e seus malefícios, a população recebe e compartilha diversos textos e vídeos sem confirmar a veracidade dessas notícias, o que causa desinformação, medo e estado de caos a todos os receptores. Com o intuito de assegurar uma contribuição científica sobre o tema, o presente artigo apresenta inicialmente uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o SARS-CoV-2 e analisa, também, a utilização do termo “coronavírus” em notícias falsas, as chamadas Fake News. Os resultados apontam para um crescente interesse da população por informações sobre o termo e o combate que vem sendo realizado não apenas pelo Ministério de Saúde do Brasil, mas também por veículos da mídia tradicional para a perpetuação das notícias falsas na internet.
Prospecção de Proteínas do Novo Coronavírus Covid-2019 e Potencial da Bioinformática na Busca de Novas Drogas Promissoras
Authors: Sousa Bastos Ruan , Silva Sousa Cassio , Santos Oliveira Jefferson , Vilhena da Silva Marcelo Henrique , Das Chagas Alves Lima Francisco , Almeida Rocha Jefferson
Published: June 2022

O vírus COVID-2019, 2019-nCOV ou SARS-Cov-2 soma pouco mais de 290 mil casos e 12 mil mortes pelo mundo. Não existem estudos clínicos indicando tratamentos eficazes, e a identificação de agentes antivirais adequados constitui-se um passo crucial no combate à pandemia. O presente trabalho constitui o levantamento de proteínas do SARS-Cov-2 a partir do Protein Data Bank (PDB), elegíveis como alvos para docagem de substâncias inibitórias. Posteriormente, foram realizados testes in sílico, com dois alvos enzimáticos em interação com os fármacos Ledipasvir e Ombitasvir. A prospecção no PDB reportou 29 proteínas. Selecionou-se 6vsb e 6m17 para docagem com Ledispasvir, resultando energias de interação iguais a -6.88 e -6.25kJ/mol, respectivamente. Para os mesmos alvos, o fármaco Ombitasvir obteve -5,96 e -4,53kJ/mol. O estudo evidenciou o avanço nas pesquisas relacionadas ao COVID-19, apresentando 29 estruturas enzimáticas. Os fármacos Ledipasvir e Ombitasvir apresentaram parâmetros favoráveis para a continuação de estudos in vitro e clínicos.
Coronavírus: prospecção científica e tecnológica dos fármacos em estudo para tratamento da Covid-19
Authors: Oliveira Elton Henrique Alves de
Published: June 2022

O mundo está enfrentando uma pandemia causada por uma nova doença conhecida como Covid-19. Essa doença é uma variação da família do Coronavírus que causa infecções respiratórias. A Fiocruz coordenará, no Brasil, o ensaio clínico Solidariedade (Solidarity), da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), que tem como intuito desenvolver algum medicamento para o combate ao novo Coronavírus. Considerando a ação da Fiocruz, o objetivo deste artigo é mapear os fármacos em fases de testes clínicos que serão utilizados nas ações do projeto de combate à Covid-19. Foram escolhidas três bases de artigos, Scielo, Pubmed e Capes, e três bases de patentes, INPI, USPTO e ESPACENET. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados quantitativamente para se concluir que há perspectivas futuras positivas sobre o desenvolvimento tecnológico para tratamento do novo Coronavírus. Dos 25.922 resultados encontrados, 6.914 artigos correspondem a 27%, e as patentes correspondem a 73% das buscas, o que equivale a 19.008 processos encontrados.
Coronavírus (COVID-19) – Um Exame Constitucional e Ético das Medidas Previstas na Lei n. 13.979, de 6 de fevereiro de 2020
Authors: Uchôa Silvia Beatriz Beger , Uchoa Bruno Beger
Published: June 2022

As recentes alterações legislativas, para definir instrumentos que possibilitem o enfrentamento ágil da emergência de saúde pública provocada pela pandemia da doença causada pelo Coronavírus, trazem restrições a diversos direitos fundamentais individuais. Trata-se aqui de pesquisa documental qualitativa, baseada em artigos científicos, de opinião e jornalísticos, e da legislação. Inicia-se com uma breve passagem histórica pelos instrumentos restritivos da liberdade e da autonomia adotados com fundamento na saúde pública, denominadas Medidas Não Farmacêuticas (MNF), e aspectos relacionados à recente pandemia da COVID-19 e sua mitigação. Em seguida, realiza-se uma análise dos instrumentos previstos na Lei n. 13.979/2020, em especial da quarentena e do isolamento, bem como da Portaria Interministerial n. 5, de 17 de março de 2020, editada pelos Ministérios da Justiça e Segurança Pública e da Saúde, e da Portaria n. 356 do Ministério da Saúde, à luz da Constituição da República, da ética e da saúde pública.
Estudo da Correlação entre os Indicadores a partir de Estudos Prospectivos do Coronavírus, H1N1, H5N1, H2N2, H3N2 e Zika
Authors: Santos Vivianni Marques Leite dos , Santos Júnior José Edilson dos , Huller Keylha Santana , Cardozo Júlia Maciela Oliveira de Tassis Frasson
Published: June 2022

Diante das incertezas associadas à pandemia da Covid-19, o objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a correlação entre os indicadores ligados à produção científico-tecnológica (PCT), obtidos a partir de estudo prospectivo de patentes e artigos para os vírus pandêmicos, e também aqueles relacionados aos impactos à saúde humana, obtidos a partir da pesquisa acerca do quantitativo anual de infectados e óbitos. Foram utilizados o Questel Orbit para buscar patentes, a SCIELO e CAPES para artigos e os sítios oficiais de saúde, nacionais e internacionais, para os dados relativos ao número de infectados e óbitos, seguidos das análises de Tukey a 5%, método de Spearman e Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP). Foram identificados dois agrupamentos, sendo um deles formado pelos coronavírus, H1N1, H3N2 e H5N1. Existem correlações distintas entre os indicadores de PCT para cada vírus, cujos resultados ratificam a necessidade de investimento em PCT para o enfrentamento desta e futuras pandemias.
O Licenciamento de Patentes nas Instituições Científicas, Tecnológicas e de Inovação do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Micaelo Leonardo Fernandes , Castro Biancca Scarpeline de
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho pretende analisar o processo de licenciamento de patentes em sete Instituições Científicas, Tecnológicas e de Inovação (ICTs) do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, identificando seus avanços e obstáculos, a partir de entrevistas nos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica (NIT). O referencial teórico utilizado foi o Modelo da Hélice Tríplice, e a metodologia pautou-se na pesquisa qualitativa, com entrevistas semiestruturadas nos NITs. Os principais obstáculos identificados quanto aos licenciamentos de patentes estão de acordo com pesquisas anteriores realizadas sobre o tema, com destaque para a carência de profissionais exclusivos para comercialização de tecnologias nos NITs, a não valoração de tecnologias e a utilização incipiente de vantagens econômicas financeiras dos contratos. Foi analisada a influência da natureza jurídica dos NITs quanto aos resultados de licenciamentos de patentes obtidos. As ICTs com natureza privada ou pública estadual, apesar de demonstrarem maior direcionamento ao mercado, não apresentaram melhores resultados que as instituições públicas federais.
Prospecção Tecnológica de Softwares Utilizados por Universidades Públicas Brasileiras para Promover a Interação com o Setor Produtivo
Authors: Santos Welson Barbosa , Galhardo Cristiane Xavier , Diniz Michely Correia
Published: June 2022

A legislação brasileira incentiva a aproximação das universidades com empresas, a fim de viabilizar inovação tecnológica no País. Aliados a esse contexto de desenvolvimento da inovação, surgiram softwares que facilitam a rápida recuperação de informações acerca das habilidades e das tecnologias existentes na Academia para colaborações em projetos que agreguem valor aos agentes de mercado. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um estudo prospectivo de programas de computador que dão apoio ao processo de interação universidade-empresa. Foram usadas as bases de dados do Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI) e do Portal do Software Público Brasileiro (SPB) no período entre 2010 e 2020. O número de softwares empregados para promover a interação entre as universidades e o setor produtivo, a fim de dar uma maior visibilidade ao que é desenvolvido dentro do meio acadêmico, em termos de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e Inovação (P&D&I) e serviços de Ciência e Tecnologia (C&T) ainda é pequeno, não sendo proporcional ao quantitativo de universidades públicas no Brasil.
Gestão de Ambientes de Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE): softwares para o acompanhamento de alunos com deficiências
Authors: Andrade Matheus Vinicius Vidal de , Galhardo Cristiane Xavier
Published: June 2022

Os profissionais do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) necessitam monitorar os alunos com deficiência nas escolas no desenvolvimento das atividades. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa objetiva investigar a necessidade do acompanhamento dos estudantes por meio de softwares e quais as funcionalidades primordiais que um sistema desse tipo necessita apresentar. Para tanto, foi elaborada uma entrevista estruturada, aplicada para professores do AEE e coordenadores pedagógicos na cidade de Petrolina, PE. Foi utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa, e os dados foram coletados e confrontados com relatos e estudos publicados sobre o tema, com base no método de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Os resultados mostraram que os profissionais do AEE e os coordenadores pedagógicos consideram viável a utilização de sistemas de gerenciamento informatizado nas escolas, assim como avaliam que o seu uso pode oferecer uma visão mais aprimorada sobre cada estudante e, consequentemente, tornar o acompanhamento dos alunos com deficiências mais efetivo.
Monitoramento Tecnológico de Probióticos para Alimentação Humana
Authors: Hilachuk Daniele , Paula Daniel de
Published: June 2022

Diante da ascensão do mercado de produtos probióticos nos últimos anos, o objetivo deste trabalho é monitorar os depósitos patentários de probióticos para nutrição humana, em âmbito nacional e internacional. As análises foram realizadas na base patentária Questel Orbit®, empregando-se o termo probiotic+ como palavra-chave, e o filtro por códigos de Classificação Internacional de Patentes (CIP) relativos a alimentos, no período entre 2010 e 2020. Os principais resultados apontaram o aumento expressivo de depósitos pelo mundo, sendo a China o país com maior número, e a empresa suíça Nestlé a principal detentora dessas tecnologias. Em comparação com o cenário internacional, no Brasil, é menor o número de registros pendentes e maior o de concessões de cartas patentes, reflexo de estratégias implementadas pelo Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI). Os contínuos avanços tecnológicos estimulam a inovação e a competitividade nesse segmento, o que reflete maior variedade de produtos com benefícios à saúde do consumidor.
Direitos Autorais: uma análise do uso de obras cinematográficas para fins educacionais
Authors: Resplandes Lúcia de Fátima de Souza , Costa Luiz Antonio Mendonça Alves da
Published: June 2022

Este artigo debate o uso de obras cinematográficas em estabelecimentos de ensino frente às normas de direito autorais. Conceitua direito autoral e traz à baila a proteção, no Brasil, conferida pela Lei n. 9.610/98, às obras intelectuais, em especial, às obras cinematográficas, dado que estas são percebidas como poderosas ferramentas para o desenvolvimento do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Apresenta, ainda, exceções constantes em diplomas internacionais, inerentes ao uso de obras cinematográficas para fins educacionais. Aponta que, em regra, a utilização de obras cinematográficas em instituições de ensino depende de autorização prévia e expressa do autor da obra. A metodologia seguiu abordagem de natureza qualitativa, com objetivos exploratórios. Foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, consultas a órgãos públicos, análises de normatizações e de páginas eletrônicas correlacionadas ao tema. Com base nos resultados alcançados, propõe-se a alteração da Lei n. 9.610/98, de modo a contemplar expressamente a utilização de obras cinematográficas em estabelecimentos educacionais.
Two‐Dimensional Polydopamine Fabrication by a Mild Oxidation‐Based Exfoliation Route and its Application for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Zhan Qichen , Shi Xianqing , Jiang Bao , Zheng Yuhan , Zhou Lin , Cao Peng , Wei Shaohua
Published: June 2022

Polydopamine (PDA) has been applied widely in electronic elements, environmental management, and biomedical science. However, simple, mild, ultrathin, and template‐free 2D PDA (2D‐PDA) fabrication is still a big challenge. Herein, single‐layered 2D‐PDA is fabricated via an oxidation‐based exfoliation route by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The thickness of 2D‐PDA is 3.4 Å, similar to that of single‐layered graphene. Melanin‐like 2D‐PDA with a photothermal conversion rate (η) of 27.16% is a promising hyperthermia agent in cancer treatment (photothermal therapy, PTT). Furthermore, the plane‐oriented orientation 2D‐PDA with a high surface area is designed as a zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc, a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy, PDT) carrier to fabricate nanomedicine (denoted PZNSs). Upon the combined light irradiation, PZNSs achieve satisfactory synergistic anticancer efficiency.
Stabilizing Lithiophilic Sites Via Bimetallic Oxide Heterointerfaces
Authors: Xu Jinting , Sun Nannan , Chen Jiahe , Li Zhendong , Liu Xinyan , Ren Xiaodi , Yao Xiayin , Peng Hong‐Jie , Peng Zhe
Published: June 2022

Designing metal oxide hosts with multiple lithophilic sites has emerged as a promising strategy to stabilize lithium (Li) metal anode for Li metal batteries (LMBs). Through lowering Li nucleation overpotentials, metal‐oxide‐derived lithiophilic frameworks can guide uniform Li deposition. However, lithiophilic sites suffer from failure upon cycling due to the structural collapse, limiting their durability for practical applications. Herein, a heterointerfacing strategy is reported to stabilize the alloy‐type lithiophilic sites of zinc. Nondurable zinc oxide is closely jointed with durable cobalt oxide, forming a unique bimetallic oxide heterointerface that possesses both favorable Li affinity and high structural integrity. The roles of individual components and the interface are both investigated. The heterostructured framework serves as a buffer layer at the anode/electrolyte interface, enabling stable regulation of Li plating and stripping. The as‐modified Li metal anode achieves high coulombic efficiency and long‐term stability in practical LMBs. This work sheds a light on designing durable lithiophilic hosts for LMBs under practical conditions.
Grain Boundary Chemical Anchoring via Bidirectional Active Site Additive Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Gang , Wang Wenqi , Bai Le , Zhou Qian , He Dongmei , Liu Baibai , Zhao Pengjun , Tan Lin , Li Yuelong , Wei Dong , Chen Jiangzhao
Published: June 2022

The nonradiative recombination induced by trap states at the surface and grain boundaries impedes the further increase of power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Consequently, it is highly desirable to minimize the trap‐assisted nonradiative recombination in perovskite films. Here, an effective additive engineering strategy is reported where N‐succinimidyl 6‐maleimidohexanoate (denoted as NSMH) with multiple active sites and hydrophobic alkyl chains were incorporated for fully eliminating undercoordinated Pb2+ traps in perovskite films. It is revealed that improved crystallinity and reduced defect density are achieved, which is ascribed to the strong coordination interaction between the carbonyl groups at both sides of NSMH molecules and Pb2+. As a result, the NSMH‐modified device exhibits a champion PCE of 22.40% with negligible hysteresis, which is significantly higher than 20.67% of the control device. The unencapsulated modified device exhibits no degradation while the control device degrades to 82% of its initial PCE after storing for 1536 h in a relative humidity of 10–20% at room temperature in the dark.
Fidelity Restorable Universal Linear Optics
Authors: Tsakyridis Apostolos , Giamougiannis George , Totovic Angelina , Pleros Nikos
Published: June 2022

Universal multiport interferometers that can be programmed to perform any unitary or linear transformation turn into an important building block for both classical and quantum photonics. These interferometers typically utilize the mathematical framework of U(2) unitary matrix decomposition techniques and comprise a mesh of 2 × 2 beam splitters and phase shifters. All of them are, however, inherently fidelity limited as their U(2)‐based deployment approach leads to imbalanced path losses without supporting any fidelity restoration mechanism. Herein, a novel Universal Generalized Mach–Zehnder Interferometer (UGMZI) architecture is presented that migrates from U(2) decomposition techniques and adopts a recursive U(N) decomposition, exploiting cascaded size‐augmenting N N beam splitters and phase shifters. The design can natively support fidelity restoration and safeguard absolute fidelity, while outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art designs also with respect to phase‐error‐induced fidelity performance properties. Finally, it is demonstrated that its fidelity restoration properties turn the design into the optimal architecture for constructing any real/complex‐valued matrix via the singular value decomposition (SVD) scheme.