bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The architectural contests in Spain, 1979-83: a comparative analysis from a gender perspective
Authors: Delgado Baudet David
Published: November 2024

The following presentation is part of the PHD thesis by the author, stemmed from the investigation results by the project 'MuWo-Mujeres y Arquitecturas en España, 1965-1992. Proyectos para ampliar las historias' (see Supporting Agencies), and currently under development at the University of Zaragoza (Spain).The demise of Francoist authoritarian regime in 1975 brought social advances which began to flourish in the so-called transition years towards a democratic Government (1975-1982). In the architectural context, the blossoming of architecture contests, specialized periodicals and prizes brought new opportunities and offered the possibility of specifically highlighting the professional work of a new generation of recently egressed women architects who were beginning to join technical professions. This paper will apply a gender perspective on the analysis of two especially well-attended, open and anonymous architectural contests from these years: the ‘Madrid Islamic Cultural Center Contest’ (1979-80) and the ‘Contest for Architectural Solutions for Officially Subsidised Single-Family Housing in Rural Areas’ (1981-83). With their diverse scales, building types, symbolic values, locations and possibilities of materialization, both contests represent two different, if not opposed, approaches that ultimately affect the presence and working mode of women architects in them.
The Japanese House Revolution of Miho Hamaguchi
Authors: Gómez Lobo Noemí , Ueda Kana
Published: November 2024

Miho Hamaguchi (1915-1988) was a pioneer of the modernisation of Japanese residential architecture. Despite being Japan's first woman architect, developing her own theory of the emancipated dwelling, as well as writing, consulting and designing countless projects, her life and work remain shrouded in canonical historiography. Hamaguchi's aim through architectural practice - in all its forms - was to achieve an egalitarian society devoid of patriarchal distinctions of gender, class or ethnicity. Although never a self-determined activist, her take from a contemporary prism is distinctly feminist. This article explores the ideas of Hamaguchi's manifesto and delves into a case study to analyse how her theory is applied to a project. The G-House, built in 1965 at the height of the metabolist boom, encapsulates Hamaguchi's understanding of architecture from an alternative angle to the avant-garde itself: the house as a "vessel for life". It carefully organises the flow line, deploying a freedom of choice that defies the strict hierarchies embedded in conventional layouts. After the research finding, GHouse has been spared from oblivion and demolition, listed for preservation and inhabited by a new family more than half a century later. G-house followed Hamaguchi's desire to create a long-lasting prototype that would metabolise over the generations, resilient to the changing ways of living.
Cultural Domesticity: Feminine Design and Aesthetic under the Fascist Regime
Authors: Forlini Francesca Romana
Published: November 2024

This paper explores Italian women’s architectural production during and after the repression of the Fascist Regime. It expands the judgement of valuable architectural production to unbuilt or ordinary solutions in order to include the contribution of silenced or overlooked female architects and amateur designers, thence contributing to the framing of alternative architectural histories.Despite the difficulties faced during the Fascist regime Italian women operated within the built environment as professional architects with unbuilt projects, as amateur designers both inside their own homes and through their writings. These circumstances, it is argued here, determined the emergence of a feminine and feminist approach to architectural design and criticism that transcended the male boundaries of high culture, reinforced by the Fascist Regime and in line with the modernist binary understanding of taste and cultural, architectural production. The latter is studied throught the lens of Cultural Domesticity, a theoretical framework that merges cultural sociology, feminism and architecture.By focusing on Italian women’s lived experience and unconventional design approaches, this study ultimately looks at the consolidation of feminine aesthetic and how it informed women’s spatial design as it keeps challenging the boundaries of architectural history, theory and practice.
Added value of volumetric MRI pulse sequence 3D VISTA (Volume ISotopic Turbo spin echo Acquisition) in perianal fistula depiction and characterization
Authors: Tawfik Ahmed I. , Eltantawy Amir M. , Mohsen Mohamed , Harraz Mohamed M.
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Diagnosis of perianal fistula represents a challenge for surgeons. It is well known that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in that. The new 3D MRI sequence VISTA (Volume ISotopic Turbo spin echo Acquisition) can improve detection and characterization of perianal fistula compared with two-dimensional (2D) sequences. The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic performance of the new 3D MRI sequence VISTA with the widely routinely used T2 FSE pulse sequence in depiction and characterization of perianal fistula by using the contrast-enhanced (CE) 3D T1 sequence THRIVE (T1-weighted high-resolution isotropic volume examination) as a reference standard.

Material and methods

Forty adult patients were enrolled in this prospective study. They underwent MRI perianal region examination using routine T2 TSE and CE 3D T1 sequence THRIVE with addition of the new 3D MRI sequence VISTA. T2, 3D VISTA and (CE) 3D T1 sequence THRIVE images were evaluated by two radiologists separately for detection and characterization of perianal fistula, then comparison between of T2 and 3D VISTA sequences was done using (CE) 3D T1 sequence THRIVE as a reference. Each sequence sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated by both readers.

Results

For reader 1, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 92.5%, 90.5% and 93.6% for 3D VISTA and 84.1%, 83.7% and 87.3% for T2 FSE. For reader 2, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 91.5%, 92.8% and 94.8% for 3D VISTA and 82.9%, 84.5% and 86.7% for T2 FSE.

Conclusions

Using CE 3D T1 sequence THRIVE as the reference standard, 3D VISTA pulse sequence on the perianal region has better diagnostic performance in the detection and characterization of perianal fistula as compared to the routinely used T2 FSE sequence.
A Tenacious Trio of Retropharyngeal Emphysema, Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema Secondary to Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report
Authors: Asokan Arjunkumar , Abu Othman Amalina , Chen Kar Mun Stephanie , Ellee Nyanti Larry , Nai Chien Huan , Ramarmuty Hema Yamini , Sivaraman Kannan Kunji Kannan
Published: November 2024

Retropharyngeal emphysema (RPE) is the presence of air in the retropharyngeal area. It may occur due to various etiologies or sometimes spontaneously due to an underlying lung pathology. This report describes a case of a 26-year-old gentleman with pulmonary tuberculosis on treatment who presented with acute breathlessness and dysphagia. His neck and chest radiograph showed retropharyngeal emphysema with pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. This was further confirmed by a CT neck and thorax. The patient was managed conservatively with analgesia, antibiotics, IV corticosteroids and oxygen supplementation. Repeat chest radiograph after 17 days showed resolution of retropharyngeal emphysema. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for RPE in patients who present with unexplained acute breathlessness and dysphagia of a diseased lung.
Leveraging Blockchain and Data Analytics to Enhance Financial Inclusion in Nigeria: A Study of Blockchain-Based Information System
Authors: Onyekachi Obiya Stephen
Published: November 2024

This study explores how blockchain technology and data analytics can be leveraged to enhance financial inclusion in Nigeria, using a blockchain-based information system. Despite efforts by the Nigerian government and financial institutions to improve financial inclusion, significant barriers such as lack of trust, high transaction costs, and limited access to banking services persist. The objective of the study is to analyse the role blockchain and data analytics can play in addressing these barriers by offering secure, transparent, and efficient financial solutions to the unbanked population. The study is grounded in the Diffusion of Innovation Theory, which explains how new technologies like blockchain are adopted within a society. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, using both qualitative and quantitative data. Data was collected through surveys of financial service providers, interviews with blockchain experts, and secondary data from financial inclusion reports. The integration of blockchain for secure and transparent transactions, combined with data analytics to understand consumer behaviour and financial needs, forms the foundation of the study. Key findings indicate that blockchain-based information systems can reduce transaction costs, improve trust through transparency, and offer decentralised financial services to underserved communities. Data analytics provides deeper insights into consumer behaviour, enabling financial institutions to design targeted financial products for the unbanked population. The study concludes that blockchain and data analytics have the potential to transform financial inclusion in Nigeria. Recommendations include the formulation of supportive regulatory frameworks, partnerships between fintech and traditional banks, and initiatives to enhance digital literacy among the population to maximise the impact of these technologies on financial inclusion.
Comparing Cervical Vertebra Maturation and Modified Middle Phalange of Finger Maturation(MP3) for Assessment of Pubertal Growth Spurt
Authors: Hayat Sumbal , Nasrullah Mengal  , Hammal Baloch  , Fakhira Nizam
Published: November 2024

Objective: To assess the pubertal growth spurt by keeping Cervical Vertebra Maturation Index as standard and comparing modified middle phalange of 3rd finger maturation (MP3) stages with it.
Study Design: Comparative cross- sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Orthodontic Department, Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2019.
Methodology: One hundred and ten patients, aged 9 to 19 years with an evident appearance of bones on radiograph. First four cervical vertebrae with evident inferior border were included. Patients with previous history of bone disease and major illness, muscular dystrophy cases, congenital malformation of hand, cervical vertebrae, and wrist region cases and low quality X-ray with poor contrast were excluded.
Results: Cervical Vertebra Maturation Index and modified middle phalange of 3rd finger maturation (MP3) were occurring earlier in the females (36 patients (33%) & (36 patients (33%) respectively in the comparison of males (13 patients (11%) & (13 patients (12%) respectively; moreover, there was the significant association between the Cervical Vertebra Maturation Index and modified middle phalange of 3rd finger maturation (MP3) stages as found by the chi-square test (p-value= <0.001).
Conclusion: The significant association was found in the Cervical Vertebra Maturation Index stages and the MP3 stages. Females showed earlier signs of physiological maturity with same chronological age.
Association of Chronic Urticaria With Hepatitis C Infection In Female Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan
Authors: Sana Waqar Qureshi  , Farid ur Rehman  , Bilqees Fatima  , Kanwal Shamsa , Sibqa Jamil
Published: November 2024

Objective: To evaluate association of chronic urticaria with hepatitis C infection in female patients.
Study Design: comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi. One-year duration (Jan 2020-Jan 2021).
Methodology: One Hundred female patients (group 1) of age 60 years or less with chronic urticaria were enrolled in this study. Patients with chronic liver disease or signs of hepatic decompensation were excluded. Equal number of age and gender matched patients not having urticarial symptoms were selected as group 2. Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Antibody (HCV ab) was evaluated by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Disease severity was calculated by Urticaria activity score 7(UAS 7). Association of HCV infection with chronic urticaria and its severity was analyzed by applying appropriate statistical tests.
Results: Anti HCV antibody positivity frequency was 14/100(14%) in group 1 and 4/100(4%) in group 2 (p value: 0.013; significant). Mean ages in group 1 and 2 were 39.88+1.38 and 38.79+1.35 years respectively (p value: 0.57; insignificant). Mean UAS 7 calculated in the HCV negative Urticaria cases was 6.73+2.94 while it was significantly higher in HCV positive group i.e. 8.78+6.459 (p value 0.01). Frequency of HCV positivity in patients with well controlled urticaria and mild urticaria was 6/59(10.0%) and 5/36(13.8%) respectively while in moderate urticaria was 3/5(60%) which was significantly higher (p value 0.04).
Conclusion: There is a significant association of chronic urticaria with anti HCV antibody positivity. HCV positive patients have more severe disease as compared to HCV negative patients.
Diversidad biocultural y soberanía alimentaria: arvenses comestibles de la milpa otomí en Santa Ana Jilotzingo, Estado de México
Authors: Bastida Fracisca Isabel , Ávila-Nájera Dulce María , Albino-Garduño Rocio , Pillado Albarran Karla Violeta
Published: November 2024

Los cambios en el sistema alimentario mundial nos han llevado a plantear como una prioridad el reconocimiento y la conservación de la milpa tradicional, lo que engloba elementos culturales, históricos, biodiversidad y valor nutricional. Se estudiaron las plantas arvenses comestibles de la milpa Otomí en Santa Ana Jilotzingo, Otzolotepec, Estado de México. La investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la milpa otomí a través del estudio de las arvenses comestibles, su diversidad de usos, aportes económicos y valor biocultural. El trabajo se realizó durante la época de cultivo de temporal en el año 2023, se visitaron cuatro milpas periódicamente cada 15 días. El reconocimiento de las arvenses y la percepción local se trabajó con un grupo de mujeres otomíes (n=10) mediante entrevistas a profundidad y diálogo de saberes. Se identificaron 19 morfoespecies de arvenses comestibles, vinculadas al autoconsumo de las familias campesinas, quienes diversifican su consumo a través de diferentes platillos, se encontró que las mujeres de la tercera edad hablantes de la lengua otomí identifican y conocen los quelites en lengua, lo que se pierde a través de las generaciones. Se tienen identificados los usos alimenticios y su conservación en épocas cuando el alimento no es abundante. Los quelites son parte de la cultura y soberanía alimentaria del pueblo otomí, apoyan en la economía y, el conocimiento de estos se transmite a través de redes sociales intergeneracionales.
Interpolación espacial de los requerimientos de riego en el estado de Guanajuato
Authors: López Carranza Aristeo de Jesús , Olmedo Vazquez Víctor Manuel , González Sánchez Alberto , Ernández Hernández Ma. Leticia H , Rómulo Juárez Anayeli
Published: November 2024

El agua de riego resulta ser un factor esencial en la actividad agrícola, por lo que es necesario hacer un uso eficiente del recurso. En México, las eficiencias de conducción de las zonas de riego son bajas, lo que está asociado al nivel y parcialización de la tecnificación. En este escenario, es importante determinar con precisión los requerimientos de riego netos (RR) de los cultivos agrícolas, a fin de cuantificar los volúmenes que se requieren para satisfacer la demanda hídrica de los cultivos que se establecen en las distintas regiones agrícolas del país. Entre estas regiones destaca el estado de Guanajuato, México, que dedica más del 30 % de la superficie agrícola al riego. Por lo anterior, el presente trabajo determina los RR de los principales cultivos agrícolas en el estado de Guanajuato, generando mapas con la distribución de los RR por medio del software QGIS y el método de interpolación espacial de la distancia inversa ponderada (IDW) elegido por la simplicidad que presenta, sobre todo, en la cuestión de datos de entrada del software QGIS, lo que permitió obtener una superficie visible y ligeramente continua en la distribución espacial de los valores interpolados. Los cultivos modelados fueron alfalfa, cebada, maíz, sorgo y trigo. Para determinar los RR se utilizaron tres variables: la evapotranspiración de referencia (ETo), la Precipitación Efectiva (Pe) y la evapotranspiración de cultivo (ET). La ETo fue calculada por medio del programa Cropwat 8.0 y la metodología de Penman-Monteith, la Pe fue calculada con el método de la USDA, mientras que la ET se calculó con la ETo y el coeficiente único del cultivo (Kc). El estado de Guanajuato cuenta con 104 estaciones climatológicas registrando la temperatura máxima, temperatura mínima y precipitación en el periodo 1981-2010, información que fue utilizada en este trabajo. El resultado fue la obtención de mapas que permiten visualizar los volúmenes de agua, expresados en láminas de riego, con los cuales es posible determinar, entre varias aplicaciones, los escenarios posibles para contabilizar el uso de agua que se le da a la agricultura y coadyuvar a la toma correcta de decisiones en el riego agrícola.
Producción de café biodiverso en México: calidad, beneficios y controversia sobre el cambio de variedades por la roya
Authors: Pérez-Fernández Yazmín , Ramírez-Valverde Benito , Cruz-León Artemio
Published: November 2024

Intervention in any territory requires a careful assessment of environmental and cultural aspects, especially in the framework of territorial development. The objective of this study was to highlight the importance of conserving biological and cultural biodiversity in the main coffee growing of Mexico, and to analyze the challenges facing biodiverse coffee production. An updated regional typology was used to analyze the socio-economic dynamics of four states that will account for 90 % of national coffee production in 2020. The study examines the biological and cultural diversity of these areas in the context of public policies implemented between 2012 and 2016, which promoted varietal conversion as a phytosanitary measure to combat coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix Berk & Br., 1869). This policy has generated an ongoing debate among producers, markets and specialists, who discuss the dilemma between maximizing production and preserving the quality and biodiversity of the territories. Finally, arguments are presented in favour of biodiverse coffee production driven by local communities, and the available legal framework for its protection, highlighting the right to be consulted in the implementation of future projects and policies.
An Exploratory Comparison of Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, and Relationship Equity in BDSM and Non-BDSM Relationships
Authors: Ryan Rachel , Muzacz Arien
Published: November 2024

This quantitative study examined attachment styles, emotion regulation, and relationship equity in an anonymous online sample of adult participants (n = 155) recruited via FetLife, Facebook, Tumblr, and MTurk, and separated into three groups by relationship type: 24/7 D/s (i.e., Dominant/submissive) relationships, BDSM relationships without D/s, and non-BDSM relationships. Although no significant results regarding attachment were found, participants in 24/7 D/s relationships reported lower relationship equity than those in non-BDSM relationships and participants in non-BDSM relationships were more likely to use emotional suppression than participants in BDSM relationships. Implications for research and practice are offered.
Supplier Visibility in Supply Chain Network and Firm Performance: A Study in Kenya’s Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Mose Douglas Isaaka , Osoro Anthony , Nyang’au Samson
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to establish the effect of supplier visibility on the performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study was anchored on supply chain planning theory. The study utilized a cross-sectional research design. The target population was 561 respondents drawn from the 187 large manufacturing firms in Kenya. Using a stratified random sampling, a sample of 228 respondents was selected. A questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 27. The findings revealed that supplier visibility was not effectively embraced among the manufacturing firms in Kenya. The results further revealed that supplier visibility had a significant relationship with performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya (β=0.769; P<0.05). The study concluded that manufacturing firms were declining in performance as a result of inefficient supply chain process and failure to enhance supplier visibility. The study recommended that there is need for managers in supply chain among the manufacturing firms to enhance supplier visibility by incorporating suppliers in their supply chain network planning for them to meet customer needs and promote their performance.
The Effect of Remedial Program Practices on the Academic Performance of Slow Learners in Mathematics Subject in Public Lower-Day Secondary School in Rwanda: A Case of Kirehe District
Authors: Masengesho Dancille , Andala Hesborn
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the effects of remedial program practices on the academic performance of slow learners in mathematics in public lower-day secondary schools in Kirehe District, Rwanda. The research aimed to assess the effectiveness of these remedial practices in enhancing mathematical problem-solving abilities among slow learners, comparing academic performance before and after participation, and identifying factors that influence the success or failure of these interventions. The study emphasizes the importance of remedial programs in bridging the achievement gap in mathematics and promoting academic equality in Rwanda. A descriptive survey design with a mixed-methods approach was employed, targeting a population of 87,208 individuals, including students, teachers, and headteachers from 64 public secondary schools in Kirehe District. Participants were selected through random and purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected via questionnaires and interview guides, capturing both quantitative improvements in academic performance and qualitative feedback on the effectiveness of remedial strategies from educators and students. Instrument validity was confirmed using the Content Validity Index (CVI), and reliability was verified with Cronbach's Alpha values of 0.60 and 0.7, respectively. Statistical analyses using SPSS and Microsoft Excel revealed significant outcomes. The study found that 83.32% of respondents either strongly agreed or agreed that remedial teaching methods enhance the mathematical problem-solving skills of slow learners, with a mean score of 4.33 (SD = 1.10). A strong positive correlation of 0.701 (p = 0.002) was observed between remedial teaching methods and mathematics test scores, underscoring their substantial impact. Additionally, the frequency of remedial sessions was positively correlated with sustained academic improvement (r = 0.454, p = 0.002), while active student participation was identified as a critical factor for success (r = 0.623, p = 0.043). These findings support existing literature on the necessity of structured remedial programs that address the unique needs of slow learners. Effective teaching methods, sufficient session frequency, optimal teacher-student ratios, and active student engagement emerged as key components for improving mathematical problem-solving skills and academic performance. The study recommends the implementation of structured, needs-based remedial programs with increased session frequency to support continuous learning and retention among slow learners.
The Influence of Recognition and Appreciation of Employees on Effective Delivery of Judicial Services in the Judiciary of Tanzania
Authors: Kayuki Jestina , Mutalemwa Darlene
Published: November 2024

This study was undertaken with the objective to examine recognition and appreciation of employees in service delivery at the Judiciary of Tanzania.  The study used Herzberg's two-factor motivation theory while on the other hand explanatory research design was employed to determine the causal relationship between non-monetary incentives and effective judiciary service delivery. Data were collected from a sample of eighty-eight (88) participants obtained through the Yamane (1967) formula from the target population of 750 staff. The data collection process entailed in-depth interviews and structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using narrative analysis and descriptive analysis. Findings indicate that recognition and appreciation of employees in service delivery at the Judiciary of Tanzania is very low. The most common forms of recognition and appreciation are certificates of appreciation/recognition, verbal praise, employees’ recognition wall and team trophy. The study concludes the existence of biases and favouritism in recognition and training attendance, and the existing infrastructure is very unconducive for Judiciary employees to work at their full potentials while serving judicial clients. The study recommends robust systems of recognition, and employee selection for participating in trainings, as well as good work environment and office equipment to smoothen the work for the Judiciary employees in providing effective judicial services.
CORRELAÇÃO CLÍNICA PATOLÓGICA DOS PACIENTES DIAGNOSTICADOS COM CÂNCER DE MAMA NA CLÍNICA VETERINÁRIA
Authors: Carvalho Bárbara Georgea Kessler de , Matos Monica Regina de , Brisqueleal Bruna Gabrielle Pianta
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho possui como objetivo realizar um estudo de casuística do câncer de mama em cadelas em duas clínicas da cidade de Toledo-PR, levando em conta também os atendimentos clínicos, exames laboratoriais e de imagem realizados, e a técnica cirúrgica utilizada. Todas as pacientes do projeto foram encaminhadas primeiramente para consulta clínica, onde passaram por exames prévios como hemograma, bioquímicos renais e hepáticos e exames de imagem como radiografia e ultrassonografia. Com exceção de duas pacientes que tiveram indicação de eutanásia, as demais foram encaminhadas para procedimento cirúrgico, onde foram empregadas técnicas de mastectomia. Foram acompanhadas 21 pacientes, sendo que apenas 5 pacientes apresentavam algum tipo de sintomatologia no momento da consulta, além disso, a média de idade encontrada foi de 10,8 anos. Referente ao estado reprodutivo das pacientes, 18 pacientes não eram castradas até o momento da consulta e 3 foram castradas tardiamente. O tipo histológico predominante foi o carcinoma em tumor misto (9/21) e o comportamento maligno foi maioria, representando 95,23% do total de amostras. Mediante os fatos apresentados é possível concluir que fêmeas idosas e não castradas ou, castradas tardiamente apresentam maior predisposição à doença, sendo o carcinoma em tumor misto o principal tipo histológico encontrado.
SOLUCIONANDO CONFLITOS FORA DOS TRIBUNAIS: A EFICÁCIA DA MEDIAÇÃO E CONCILIAÇÃO
Authors: Santos Tauana Alves dos , Sousa Karen Valesca Novaes de
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo científico tem como objetivo demonstrar a relevância da mediação e conciliação na resolução de conflitos, promovendo justiça social e acesso equitativo ao sistema de justiça. A pesquisa destaca como esses métodos podem proporcionar soluções mais rápidas e satisfatórias em comparação com o litígio tradicional, reduzindo a sobrecarga no sistema judiciário. O artigo conclui com recomendações para ampliar a formação de mediadores e aumentar a divulgação dessas alternativas, com o objetivo de promover uma cultura de resolução não violenta de conflitos.
DESCRIMINALIZAÇÃO DO PORTE DE MACONHA PARA USO PESSOAL NO BRASIL: UM ESTUDO DA DECISÃO DO STF
Authors: Sousa Paulo Henrique Araujo de , Barros Filho Jorge
Published: November 2024

Este artigo analisa a decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) do Brasil sobre a descriminalização da posse de maconha para uso pessoal. Em votação que obteve maioria, o Supremo Tribunal decidiu classificar a posse de maconha como infração administrativa, retirando as sanções penais. Serão apresentados argumentos onde a distinção entre usuários e traficantes é debatida pela sociedade, para chegar a tal decisão, juntamente com as implicações legais, sociais e judiciais. A descriminalização da posse de drogas para uso pessoal tem sido um tema altamente controverso na sociedade brasileira há anos, com alguns a favor e outro contra. No entanto, o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) decidiu dar um passo significativo na discussão da posse de maconha para uso pessoal. Essa questão tem grandes implicações para a política de drogas e o sistema de justiça criminal no país. No entanto, desde 2006, a posse de drogas no Brasil é regulamentada pela Lei de Drogas (Lei 11.343/2006), que prevê sanções não penais para os usuários, mas não especifica uma determinada quantidade que um usuário pode possuir para uso pessoal; em vez disso, eles enfrentam advertências e medidas educacionais. No entanto, a implementação dessas sanções tem sido inconsistente, resultando em uma luta contra o tráfico e o consumo.
A NECESSIDADE DE REFORÇO PUNITIVO NAS FALSAS ACUSAÇÕES DE ESTUPRO: ANÁLISE JURÍDICA E IMPACTOS SOCIAIS
Authors: Brandão Bruno Ribeiro , Barros Filho Jorge
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo tem como finalidade propor uma reflexão à sociedade sobre a ausência de uma tipificação penal específica para a falsa denúncia de crimes sexuais e as suas implicações para o denunciante. A partir de análises da legislação, doutrina e meios de comunicação, será discutida a utilização de acusações de crimes sexuais praticados por mulheres como instrumento de vingança, que na maioria das vezes ocorrem sem a presença de testemunhas. O estudo emprega métodos empíricos e bibliográficos, incluindo a análise de casos reais, buscando esclarecer a importância de cautela ao lidar com a população carcerária e destacar a necessidade de controle emocional, mesmo em situações aparentemente graves.
Les premiers pas de la vie
Authors: di Mauro Ernesto
Published: November 2024

Les études sur l’origine de la vie ont pour objectif de comprendre sa nature en explorant ses premières manifestations et ses complexités.Les premiers pas de la vie traite, dans un premier temps, de l’habitabilité de l’Univers et de la logique derrière la chimie prébiotique et ses modèles possibles et probables. L’ouvrage analyse ensuite le problème de la chiralité, le rôle des minéraux dans la biogenèse et les environnements biogéniquement fertiles ainsi que la délimitation de l’espace évolutif obtenue par les membranes. Il explore également l’évolution des codes, la structure de LUCA et ses protométabolismes, et la signification des biomorphes biologiques existants, illustrés par les viroïdes. Ces sujets sont strictement traités dans le contexte de l’évolution de l’information et de la complexité.Cet ouvrage propose un aperçu large de ce domaine de recherche et un regard approfondi sur les opinions et les résultats obtenus par certains chercheurs actifs dans ce sujet philosophiquement fascinant.
Introduction à l’électrodynamique classique 2
Authors: Abdesselam Boucif
Published: November 2024

Depuis Maxwell, la théorie électromagnétique a progressé de façon spectaculaire, notamment dans le domaine des ondes. Introduction à l’électrodynamique classique 2 présente les notions fondamentales de la théorie des champs électromagnétiques.Cet ouvrage traite tout d’abord des potentiels statiques avec sources et présente en détail les méthodes des images et des fonctions de Green. Il analyse également les phénomènes d’induction électromagnétique et les équations de Maxwell. Il examine les ondes électromagnétiques dans le vide et leurs propriétés ainsi que la notion d’énergie électromagnétique. Enfin, il traite des milieux polarisés et magnétisés, mais aussi des champs électromagnétiques et de leur propagation dans les milieux matériels.Cet ouvrage est destiné aux étudiants physiciens et mathématiciens et aux élèves ingénieurs s’intéressant aux problèmes de la théorie électromagnétique. L’exposé est assorti de nombreuses applications issues des notions théoriques présentées.
Distinct impacts of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole on China's gross primary production
Authors: Yan Ran , Wang Jun , Ju Weimin , Xing Xiuli , Yu Miao , Wang Meirong , Tan Jingye , Wang Xunmei , Wang Hengmao , Jiang Fei
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Gross primary production (GPP), a crucial component in the terrestrial carbon cycle, is strongly influenced by large-scale circulation patterns. This study explores the influence of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on China's GPP, utilizing long-term GPP data generated by the Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS). Partial correlation coefficients between GPP and ENSO reveal substantial negative associations in most parts of western and northern China during the September–October–November (SON) period of ENSO development. These correlations shift to strongly positive over southern China in December–January–February (DJF) and then weaken in March–April–May (MAM) in the following year, eventually turning generally negative over southwestern and northeastern China in June–July–August (JJA). In contrast, the relationship between GPP and IOD basically exhibits opposite seasonal patterns. Composite analysis further confirms these seasonal GPP anomalous patterns. Mechanistically, these variations are predominantly controlled by soil moisture during ENSO events (except MAM) and by temperature during IOD events (except SON). Quantitatively, China's annual GPP demonstrates modest positive anomalies in La Niña and negative IOD years, in contrast to minor negative anomalies in El Niño and positive IOD years. This outcome is due to counterbalancing effects, with significantly larger GPP anomalies occurring in DJF and JJA. Additionally, the relative changes in total GPP anomalies at the provincial scale display an east–west pattern in annual variation, while the influence of IOD events on GPP presents an opposing north–south pattern. We believe that this study can significantly enhance our understanding of specific processes by which large-scale circulation influences climate conditions and, in turn, affects China's GPP.
Estimation of diurnal emissions of CO2 from thermal power plants using spaceborne IPDA lidar
Authors: Zhang Xuanye , Yang Hailong , Bu Lingbing , Fan Zengchang , Xiao Wei , Chen Binglong , Zhang Lu , Liu Sihan , Wang Zhongting , Liu Jiqiao , Chen Weibiao , Lee Xuhui
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Coal-fired power plants are a major source of global carbon emissions, and accurately accounting for these significant emission sources is crucial in addressing global warming. Many previous studies have used Gaussian plume models to estimate power plant emissions, but there is a gap in observation capabilities for high-latitude regions and nighttime emissions. However, large emitting power plants exist in high-latitude areas. The DQ-1 satellite is equipped with the world’s first active remote sensing lidar for detecting CO2 column concentrations, which, compared to passive remote sensing satellites, enables observations in these regions. This paper applies a two-dimensional Gaussian plume model to the XCO2 results from the DQ-1 satellite and analyses the instantaneous CO2 emissions of 10 power plants globally. Among these, 15 cases of data are from nighttime observations, and 3 cases are from power plants located above 60° N latitude. The estimation results show good consistency when compared with emission inventories such as Climate TRACE and Carbon Brief, with a correlation coefficient R = 0.97. The correlation coefficient between the model fits and satellite observations ranges from 0.49 to 0.88, and the overall relative random error in the estimates is 15.11 %. This paper also analyses the diurnal and seasonal variations in CO2 emissions from the power plants, finding that emission variations align with changes in electricity consumption in the surrounding regions. This method is effective for monitoring the diurnal variations of strong emission sources like power plants.
Evaluating the Feasibility of Scaling the FIER Framework for Large-Scale Flood Inundation Prediction
Authors: Markert Kel N. , Lee Hyongki , Williams Gustavious P. , Nelson E. James , Ames Daniel P. , Griffin Robert E. , Meyer Franz J.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Floods are a recurring global threat, causing lives lost, property damage, and agricultural impacts. Accurate and timely flood inundation forecasts are crucial for effective disaster preparedness and mitigation. However, traditional flood forecasting methods often face challenges in terms of computational demands and data requirements, particularly when applied to large geographic areas. This study presents a novel approach to scaling a data-driven flood forecasting framework, Forecasting Inundation Extents using REOF (Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function) (FIER), to large geographic regions. FIER leverages historical satellite imagery and streamflow data to predict flood inundation extents without relying on complex hydrodynamic models. We demonstrate the effectiveness of applying FIER over a large geographic extent using watershed boundaries to create individual FIER models and then mosaicking the results geographically to provide large flood inundation predictions. The Upper Mississippi Alluvial Plain in the United States was used as a test region. We evaluated multiple buffer sizes for watersheds for generating the data-driven FIER models to reduce edge effects along watershed boundaries when mosaicking the individual FIER implementations. The FIER method using watersheds, coupled with different forecast lead times from the National Water Model operational streamflow forecasts, was used to accurately predict the extent of surface water for select flood and low flow use cases. Our results show that the scaled FIER approach using watersheds yields higher accuracies for different error metrics, including the Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), RMSE, and MAE. The metrics for the watershed-scaling approach resulted in SSIM ranging from 0.699–0.804, RMSE range of 7.15–8.60, and an MAE range of 1.09–1.88 compared to a baseline area with SSIM ranging from 0.643–0.693, RMSE range of 8.112–11.681, and an MAE range of 1.969–1.989. We found that scaling FIER using a watershed approach yielded statistically significant better performance compared to the baseline area: this is particularly true when using buffer sizes for the watersheds of 0–10 km and when applying a post-processing correction to the FIER outputs. This approach offers a promising solution for large-scale flood forecasting, particularly in data-scarce regions or ungauged basins. Future research will focus on refining the framework to incorporate additional hydrological variables and improve the accuracy of long-range flood inundation predictions.
A PHYSICAL MECHANISM-BASED SCHEME FOR PARAMETERIZING THE FRACTIONAL VEGETATION COVER
Authors:   Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China, MENG C. , GU Y.2,  ,   Xinjiang Agrometeorological Office, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China, LI H.3,  ,   Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China, JIN H.4,  ,   Jizhou Meteorological Bureau, Tianjin, China, ZHANG G.5,  ,   Center for Earth System Modeling and Prediction, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China, CUI J.6  ,   School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, China
Published: November 2024

The leaf area index (LAI) and fractional vegetation cover (FVC) are very important parameters in land-atmosphere interactions. In this study, a very simple but robust and mechanism-based method was developed to derive FVC data based on the relationships between the canopy gap fraction, LAI, and direct solar extinction coefficient. For validation, the LAI data and NDVI-based and mechanism-based FVC data were assimilated into the integrated urban land model (IUM). Using the mechanism-based FVC data as the input, the simulation of the annual average land surface temperatures (LSTs) in the Beijing area were improved compared with those using the NDVI-based FVC data as the input.
NEW CALIBRATION FORMULA FOR RADAR-RAINFALL RELATIONS S ANALYSIS
Authors:   Department of Agriculture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran, NIKAHD A. , SHABANI M. ,   Department of Agriculture, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University
Published: November 2024

A unipolar ground-based weather radar is a widely-used instrument for rainfall measurement. These radar measurements, however, need to be calibrated for more accurate rainfall estimation. This article introduces a new calibration approach using time-stepwise processing of reflectivity-rainfall rate (Z-R) relationship. Based on the previous work utilizing the radar-rainfall relationship, this article hypothesizes that the rainfall measurement from a ground, based radar are affected by the distance from radar, altitudes, and rainfall time duration. Unipolar ground-based radar data sets for two consecutive years with 77 occurrences of rainfall from 39 stations in calibration window of three hours as well as the corresponding rainfall measured from registered rain gauges were used in this study. The results indicated that it is better to use the radar-rainfall relationship Z = aRb in view of the altitude effect (H) and empirical coefficient (c), such that Z = aRbHc. The changes in the distance from the radar and duration of precipitation were evidently significant. For radar-rainfall relationship individually, the values of the determination coefficient R2 made up from 0.88 to 0.97, and those for this relationship in view of the altitude effect (H) were from 0.70 to 0.97. It is therefore concluded that the use of other effective parameters (distance from radar, altitude and rainfall time duration) leads to optimum accuracy of the Z-R relationship.
Eficiência dos programas de promoção e prevenção de saúde bucal oferecidos pelo serviço público para melhoria de saúde bucal dos adolescentes
Authors: Satyro Vanessa Ferreira , Oliveira Janaina Sampaio de , Souza Maysa Ferreira de , Medeiros João Marcelo Ferreira de , Shitsuka Caleb , Cordeschi Thais
Published: November 2024

A adolescência é considerada um período crítico para a saúde, através de mudanças biológicas, cognitivas, emocionais e sociais. Fatores socioeconômicos, psicossociais e estilo de vida, desempenham um papel importante no desenvolvimento do adolescente. Nessa fase da vida é reduzida a percepção com a saúde, como a falta de cuidados dentários regulares, que a longo prazo, contribuem para o aumento dos custos dos cuidados de saúde geral. Com isso o objetivo do nosso estudo foi avaliar a eficiência dos programas oferecidos pelo serviço público para melhoria de saúde bucal dos adolescentes. Este estudo constitui-se de uma revisão da literatura do tipo narrativa. Onde observamos que existe uma desigualdade referente a dor de dente entre adolescentes de acordo com raça e territórios. Moradores em áreas rurais, residentes em domicílios aglomerados e com atraso escolar, apresentaram chances significantemente mais elevadas para os agravos bucais que seus respectivos pares de comparação o Ministério da Saúde e da Educação, visando a melhora da saúde bucal em idade escolar, implementou o Programa Saúde na Escola, os adolescentes de escolas participantes do programa mostraram melhora da saúde bucal. Porém apesar do empenho em se manter a saúde bucal dos adolescentes, há uma descontinuidade nas evidências de consultas eletivas nos serviços públicos. Com isso ainda há grandes agravos bucais nessa faixa etária. Isso ocorre pela grande influência socioeconômica nesses indivíduos, tornando os programas eficientes, porém insuficientes.
Схемы аргументации: «риторика, выручай!»
Authors: Г.В. Карпов
Published: November 2024

Рассматриваются недостатки подходов к аргументации, в которых для анализа аргументов используются коллекции презумптивных схем. Основанием этих недостатков объявляется предубеждение против риторики, которое питает значительная часть специалистов, занятых теориями убеждения. Это предубеждение я надеюсь побороть хотя бы отчасти, указав, вслед за деятелями второго риторического ренессанса, пришедшегося на самое начало XXI века, на ряд инструментов классической риторики (прежде всего — так называемых фигур мысли и речи), функция которых отнюдь не орнаментальна. Те преимущества, которые показывает анализ аргументации «на фигурах», свидетельствуют о необходимости пересмотра всего арсенала презумптивных схем и всей сопровождающей его методологии.
Об условиях рациональности вступления в спор
Authors: К.Г. Фролов
Published: November 2024

Целью данного исследования является выявление условий рациональности встепления агентов в спор. Мы выделяем пять таких условий: эпистемологическое и прагматическое условия, условие соответствия социально-коммуникативному контексту, условие приемлемости издержек и условие оптимальности. Мы показываем, что рациональность вступления агента в спор находится в прямой зависимости от того, какие косвенные цели потенциально способен преследовать агент в рамках рассматриваемого дискурсивного противостояния.
Обоснованность аргументов на базе modus ponens и условная посылка
Authors: А.С. Боброва
Published: November 2024

В статье предлагается оценка обоснованности заключения в естественных рассуждениях, протекающих по modus ponens, в зависимости от входящего в него типа условного высказывания. Я показываю, каким образом заключение оказывается более или менее обоснованным. Под обоснованностью понимается не столько формальная правильность, сколько эпистемологическая корректность рассуждения.
Effectiveness and Challenges of Non-Formal Education Programs in Punjab
Authors: Rafiq Tahira , Malik Samina
Published: November 2024

Regarding the present research questions, this study sought to discover the difficulties encountered and the efficiency of the Non-Formal Education (NFE) programs. Proprietary data were then obtained from District Education Officers and Literacy Mobilizers from five districts using survey research. Internal reliability was acceptable, with Cronbach Alpha set at .700. Among those five districts data were collected from 5 different DEOs, 5 District Informatics Aides, and 64 Literacy Mobilizers through simple random sampling. Measures of ethical consideration were also observed during the research analysis to improve its reliability and credibility. The challenges of NFE including poor transport and insecurity and the issues of community participation were among the findings. Additional analysis was conducted and revealed a significant and positive relationship between NFE and the numbers of literates illustrating the key point that NFE has contributed to the betterment of the socio-economic status. Nevertheless, the majority of the respondents opined that the Non-Formal Education Programs are appropriate for the community. They proposed policy and funding interventions to enhance the scaling up of NFE programs and yielding of target education structures and services to all ministries.