bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of an activated charcoal silver dressing on chronic wounds with no clinical signs of infection
Authors: Verd Soriano J. , Rueda Lpez J. , Martnez Cuervo F. , Soldevilla Agreda J.
Published: December 2017

Objective:

This exploratory, clinical study aimed to explore the effect of an activated charcoal silver dressing (intervention) with cleansing and debridement (control) in reducing the level of bacteria in chronic wounds with no clinical signs of local infection.

Method:

Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group and monitored for two weeks. Samples for bacterial status and cultivation were obtained by surface smear (spatula) and percutaneous aspiration first at baseline and then after 15 days of treatment. Sixty-seven lesions were included in the intervention group and 58 in the control group.

Results:

At baseline, in the intervention group 71.6% of the wounds were contaminated, 7.5% had a high level of bacteria and 20.9% were infected. In the control group at baseline 65.5% of the wounds were contaminated, 6.9% colonised, 6.9% had a high level of bacteria and 20.7% were infected. There were no colonised wounds in the intervention group. After two weeks, combining totals of contaminated, colonised, a high level of bacteria and infection for each group, 85.1% (57/67) of the wounds in the intervention group had a positive bacterial level management (that is, a reduction in the number of bacteria in the wound) compared with 62.1% (36/58) in the control group (p=0.003).

Conclusion:

Activated charcoal dressings that contain silver control infection and reduce healing times, eliminating bacterial barriers.

Declaration of interest:

This study was performed with a non-restricted research grant from Johnson & Johnson, Espana, under the coordination of the Interdisciplinary Unit of Chronic Wounds of the Terrassa Health Consortium, with the support of the National Group for the Study and Advisory Services on Pressure Ulcers and Chronic Wounds (GNEAUPP).
‘The inspection only gave a little snapshot’
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: December 2017

Karen Hart kicks off a new series in which she talks to providers about their experiences of a recent inspection, including how they felt it went on the day and how they view the accuracy of their final report.
Go to where the action is
Authors: Scade Nicola
Published: December 2017

In this extract from her Practical Pre-School book, Nicola Scade provides a step-by-step guide to two small world play activities, which provide a fantastic springboard for exploring communication and language.
In a winter wonderland
Authors: Williams Brenda
Published: December 2017

Jump and stretch to the action rhyme Five Little Snowmen, while helping children to develop their listening and attention skills. You can also use the poem to extend vocabulary and mathematical understanding.
Reading traditional crafts and national costumes through the concept of threshold: The Oriental carpet as a case study
Authors: Tseëlon Efrat
Published: December 2017

The DOBAG project refers to an experiment designed to regenerate traditional craft making in indigenous cultures. Its focus were rural villages in Western Turkey and it emerged at a historical moment when the idea had currency. The project was inspired by a German scientist who lived and researched in Turkey. Having discovered the recipes for reproducing the ancient textile dyes that were extracted from plants, he spent time teaching them to the women artisans. In an example of entrepreneurial initiative, he also set up cooperatives to organize the work so as to put the women back in control of production after years of industrial weaving using synthetic dyes, and weaving to pre-ordered templates. His business model regulated retail by cutting out the middle men and working directly with select international dealers. The project was seen as an achievement of heritage preservation by the founders and by researchers, and for several decades starting in the early 1980s and ending after 2010, it helped households in remote villages in rural Anatolia, home to former nomads, to improve their standard of living. However, changes in Turkish economy and global markets, lack of infrastructure to support the new way of life, and different family priorities facilitated a shift among villagers from heritage-based entrepreneurship to becoming urban wage labourers. The project embodied Western colonialist guilt, the fantasy of saving the ‘noble savage’, and the tourist imagination in search of authenticity. The villagers, however, appeared more concerned with making a living, and heritage did not feature highly in their concerns. They treated the ‘staged authenticity’ demanded by the project as a sort of marketing tool. The comparison between the inside perspective of the weavers, and the outsiders, provided a starting point for problematizing the meaning and the usefulness of tradition in crafting identities through national costumes or national carpets. Some of the researchers who studied the DOBAG project rejected a binary approach in favour of a more nuanced view with less well defined categories. One such example, the notion of ‘thresholds’, was found both in the field work of anthropologists and in the art of Fatma Shanan, whose recent exhibition deals with issues of thresholds (e.g. between genders, interior/exterior, pure/contaminated, compliant/subversive, tradition/modernity), and portrays women negotiating the invisible boundaries of tribal community in the process of modernisation, which is a part of a modern state.
El docente de secundaria ante las reformas educativas en México. De apóstol a empleado desechable
Authors: Lozano Andrade Inés , Levinson Bradley A.
Published: December 2017

Este artículo trata sobre las condiciones que vive el docente de secundaria ante los cambios derivados de la implementación de diversas reformas educativas en México (2006, 2011, 2013). Se realiza una investigación cualitativa que emplea entrevista semi-estructurada a 18 docentes de este nivel en la ciudad de México. El objetivo es describir e interpretar los significados y sentidos que tienen los docentes acerca de cómo viven estos cambios y de los factores que generan su situación. El análisis revela cómo los docentes de secundaria han significado su labor cada vez menos autónoma y, por tanto, más alienante, este último concepto es fundamental para comprender la sensación que están viviendo hoy en función de la implementación de estas reformas que han generado sensaciones que van desde el desencanto hasta el malestar. Los resultados revelan que los docentes hacen mención a la indisciplina e indiferencia de los jóvenes como una problemática central; a una pérdida del poder derivada de imposiciones para acreditar forzadamente al estudiantado independientemente de su desempeño; a la pérdida del prestigio social de su labor por las campañas mediáticas realizadas recientemente, las cuales  justificaban la nueva y última reforma que afecta sus condiciones de estabilidad laboral, lo que les genera una sensación de incertidumbre y discontinuidad. La enajenación, como pérdida del dominio que tienen sobre sus acciones y la pérdida de seguridad en sus perspectivas, se plantea como un factor importante para ser considerado en la comprensión de la situación crítica de la escuela secundaria en México.
Capacidades y estrategias de internacionalización del posgrado en la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Muñoz Varela Luis
Published: December 2017

El presente artículo tiene por finalidad presentar los resultados de una investigación realizada en 2015 y 2016, que tuvo por objetivo hacer un análisis acerca del estado de la cuestión en materia de capacidades y estrategias de internacionalización en los programas de posgrado de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) a escala de la gestión que llevan a cabo las direcciones de los programas. La información recabada se obtuvo por medio de un cuestionario remitido en línea, el cual fue previamente estudiado y validado en 2015 por personal especializado de la Decanatura del Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado (SEP) de la UCR. El análisis efectuado es de carácter descriptivo. Se trata de presentar solo un estado preliminar de la cuestión. Se llevan a cabo, también, observaciones cualitativas en algunos de los aspectos de los resultados de la investigación que más interesaba resaltar. Se concluye con una propuesta de enfoque sobre la internacionalización del posgrado y con indicaciones acerca de las políticas institucionales que en la universidad se podrían formular para mejorar y fortalecer las capacidades y estrategias de gestión, tanto a nivel del SEP como de las direcciones de los diferentes programas de posgrado que integran el Sistema.
A corpus linguistics application in the analysis of textbooks as national teaching instruments of English as a Second Language in Chile
Authors: Arellano A. Rodrigo
Published: December 2017

The Ministry of Education (MINEDUC) bases the instruction of English in Chile in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (CEFRL), however its guidelines have not been systematically considered in the practice of creating instructional material in the EFL context of this country. To analyze this issue, this article presents the comparison of the vocabulary about Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) used in the CEFRL and the English textbooks used in Chile regarding the categories of curriculum design, language teaching methodology and language assessment. The methodology was mixed, not experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive, including the analysis of the CEFRL document and the 8 English textbooks used in Chile in the public sector. Firstly, the data was compared quantitatively using the software Nvivo9 and later some key words (learners / students - teachers) were analyzed quantitatively in terms of frequency and qualitatively using collocations. Results suggest that similar vocabulary is used in both, the CEFRL and Chilean textbooks in terms of “language teaching methodology” (36% and 33% respectively), but it varies highly in the category of “curriculum design” (22% and 48% respectively) and mostly in “language assessment” (42% and 19% respectively) while showing different frequencies in the key words and their associated verbs between “students” (1,33%) and “teacher” (0,18%). These results show a constructivist approach in both, but with a minor behaviorist aspect especially in textbooks, indicating relevant differences in the emphasis and coherence between different areas of the instruction.
Sentidos y formas de participar en la escuela: la perspectiva de los jóvenes argentinos
Authors: Lucas Julia
Published: December 2017

Promover la participación de los más jóvenes, tanto dentro como fuera de la escuela, ha devenido, en los últimos tiempos, en objeto de especial atención en Argentina. Ello se logra haciendo visible en la implementación de diversas líneas, programas y proyectos especialmente gubernamentales. A partir de la perspectiva situacional del aprendizaje, este artículo describe y analiza los sentidos y las significaciones que los jóvenes estudiantes del nivel secundario asignan a sus prácticas de participación en diversos espacios curriculares. Para ello, y a partir de una perspectiva de tipo etnográfica, esta investigación se realizó en un curso de cuarto año de una escuela secundaria, situada en la Ciudad de Quilmes, Provincia de Buenos Aires. Se realizaron observaciones participantes, entrevistas a estudiantes de entre 17 y 18 años de edad, docentes y directivos. Se aplicaron técnicas, tales como la reflexión de los estudiantes acerca de filmaciones de sus propias clases, así como escritura analítica respecto de su participación al terminar cada una de las clases. Estas primeras aproximaciones dan cuenta de que “participar” implica, para estos estudiantes, satisfacer principalmente las expectativas de sus profesores, así como cumplir con las normas que rigen la vida en el aula. Ser aprobado o no, se convierte en el motor de las acciones en la vida cotidiana, aun cuando ir a la escuela cobre un sentido trascendental para estos jóvenes. Se concluye que si las acciones en el aula se vinculan con actuar, según el deber ser, habría que reflexionar en qué lugar queda aquello que acontece con el aprendizaje.
The Dynamic Relationship between Oil Prices and Exchange Rates
Authors: Sakaki Hamid
Published: December 2017

Using daily data of oil prices and exchange rates of 14 countries for the period January 1999 to November 2014, this study examines the dynamic correlation between oil prices and exchange rates by DCC-GARCH model. The results show the significant negative correlation between oil prices and exchange rates over the period. These results imply that the increase of oil price is coinciding with US dollar depreciation and vice versa.  This correlation strengthens in negative direction during financial crisis period, while it shifts to an upward trend after financial crisis period.
Co-integration Between Globalisation and Economic Growth
Authors: Ferreira Cândida
Published: December 2017

This paper analyses the co-integration relationship between globalisation and economic
growth of 27 more or less developed countries across almost all Continents for the time period
1970–2013. Globalisation is proxied by the overall globalisation index and the sub-indices
representing economic globalisation, social globalisation and political globalisation, all
provided by the Swiss Economic Institute. Economic growth is measured through the natural
logarithm of the real Gross Domestic Product, sourced from the World Development
Indicators which are provided by the World Bank. Co-integration is tested with quantile cointegration regressions. The results obtained clearly confirm the existence of non-linear cointegration relationships between the considered globalisation indices and the real economic
growth.
EMPATI DAN KONTROL DIRI GURU DALAM MENGAJAR DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: YUFIARTI YUFIARTI , HAPSARI IRIANI INDRI , ANNISAA ULFATUL
Published: December 2017

This research was conducted to determine the role of empathy toward teacher's self-control in teaching at public elementary school. This research uses quantitative method. Adaptation from QCAE instruments (Cognitive and Affective Empathy Questionnaire) and self-control instruments were constructed based on Averill's theory is occupied as Empathy instruments. The sample of this research is 72 respondents, public elementary school teacher. The method used in this research is regression analysis. The result is positive influence. This shows the higher level of empathy teachers will have impact on the higher self- control. Presentation the influence result is 9,7% and rest influenced by other factors.
TRAIT KEPRIBADIAN BIG FIVE DAN SIKAP GURU TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN INKLUSIF SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: MUZDALIFAH FELLIANTI , FAZRINA SARAH HIKMAH
Published: December 2017

This study aims to understand the influence of teacher personality on teacher attitudes toward inclusive education. The variables studied were the big five personalities as an independent variable (X) and teacher attitudes toward inclusive education as a dependent variable (Y). The method used is quantitative research, with cluster sampling technique. Participants of this study were teachers from inclusion public elementary school in Jakarta (N = 133). The instrument used to measure teacher personality is Big Five Inventory (BFI), while Multidimensional Attitudes toward Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES) was used to measure teacher attitudes toward inclusive education. Processing methods of data analysis in hypothesis testing using multiple regression analysis. Results of this study showed there is no influence of teacher personality on teacher attitudes toward inclusive education (p < Î±; 0,113 < 0,05). Therefore, in this study Ho is accepted and Ha rejected.
Redundant Perception: An Artist's Enquiry
Authors: Christopher Hollins
Published: December 2017

Living things often display redundant and unused appendages of physical characteristics that once served to give them an advantage in the struggle for life. Examples would be the flightless wings of penguins and ostriches, and the vestige of a tail in we humans; which is made of three small loosely fused bones called the coccyx. This is known as the ‘tail-bone’ because it is considered the remains of the full tail that our ape-like ancestors once possessed. It is also probable that our brains generate the remaining impulses from an older redundant power of perception that once gave our distant ancestors an ‘animal’ awareness of objects and events. This experience of mind now lies buried behind our modern day thought processes, and for any artist aware of this the implications are that the way we create art through intelligent learned ideas hides an experience of deeper natural form. A state of mind therefore exists that once allowed us to conceive of the world in a natural way, but artists have always created intelligently structured artificial images rather than the spontaneous intuitive results need to glimpse the instinctive insight. Art has always worked to suppress rather than reveal an original way of sensing sight, shape, sound, and movement, and it is this realisation that I believe was the motivation for challenging the established principles of art upheld by the founding pioneers of modernism.
THE EFFECT OF APPLICATED ASH SAWDUST ON SWAMP LAND (INDRALAYA) FOR VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF RED PEPPER (Capsicum annum L.) VAR. CEMETI
Authors: Pratama Rahmat , Adriyansah Fikri , Safitri Ayu , M.S Rahman Ismail
Published: December 2017

The research " The Effect of Applicated Ash Sawdust on Swamp Land (Indralaya) For Vegetative Growth of Red Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) var. Cemeti ’’ has done, from  September to November 2017. It was conducted at green house and Pest Diseases Plant Laboratory, Plant Protection Department, Agriculture Faculty, University of Sriwijaya. This research was aimed to know the effect of applicated ash sawdust on vegetative growth of red pepper. The Completely Randomized Design with treatments are : 10, 20, and 30 g/ kg marshland and without ash sawdust (control), with 6 replicates each treatments. The result showed that applicated ash sawdust on measure 10 g/ kg soil significantly on number of growth 53.28 cm and number of branch 9.2, but not differ on dry weight of red pepper.Keywords :  Swamp land, ash sawdust, branch, red pepper
PENDEKATAN VALUE FOR MONEY UNTUK PENILAIAN KINERJA TEMPAT PELELANGAN IKAN MUARA ANGKE (Value for money Approach For The Fish Auction Performance Assessment In Muara Angke)
Authors: Mulinggar Retno , Solihin Iin , Resti Fifi Dwi
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Fish Auction Place known as Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) is one of the public facilities where its functions have to serve the community on fish marketing in the fishing port. The daily auction activities in TPI Muara Angke include weighing, recording and auctioning. It is necessary to measure the performance of TPI Muara Angke to determine TPI Muara Angke perform with its functions and roles. The objectives of this research were measuring the performance level of TPI activity in terms of economy, efficiency and effectiveness of TPI Muara Angke with the Value for money (VFM) approach. The results showed that the performance in TPI Muara Angke PPI is sufficient economical (87.61%), inefficient (121.83%) and ineffective (81.69%).
Keywords: performance, fish auction place, value for money

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ABSTRAK
Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) merupakan salah satu fasilitas publik yang berfungsi melayani masyarakat dalam pemasaran hasil tangkapan di pelabuhan perikanan. Aktivitas pelelangan di TPI Muara Angke dilakukan setiap hari meliputi
EVALUASI LUASAN KAWASAN MANGROVE UNTUK MENDUKUNG PERIKANAN UDANG DI KABUPATEN CILACAP PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH (Evaluation of the Mangrove Area Extents to Support Fishing Shrimp in Cilacap Regency, Central Java Province)
Authors: Pangesti Triono P , Nurani Tri Wiji , Wiyono Eko Sri
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Cilacap waters are rich with shrimp resource, particularly from Penaidae spp species, such as shrimp Jerbung (Penaeus merguensis) and shrimp Dogol (Metapenaeus endevouri and Metapenaeus ensis). Statistic data of shrimp in Cilacap showed shrimp production keep on declining, from 1,118,644 kg in 2004 to 818,595 kg in 2008. The declining production is suspected due to the increasing intensity of catching and the damage of ecology in coastal areas, particularly the mangrove. This research is aimed at mapping the mangrove areas, and estimating stock of shrimp resource in Cilacap. Data analysis was conducted by using spatial analysis and analysis of potential resource of fish. Results of the analysis showed that estimated mangrove forest in Cilacap in 2005 was about 14,502.55 ha, reduced to about 9,326.71 ha in 2007 and continue to decline to about 2,618.78 ha in 2009. Estimated score of MSY shrimp is 955,493.34 kg/year, with optimum catch 55,014.68 trips.
Keywords: analysis of surplus production, Cilacap, mangrove, shrimp, spatial analysis

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ABSTRAK
Wilayah perairan Kabupaten Cilacap kaya akan sumberdaya udang, khususnya dari jenis Penaidae spp., diantaranya yaitu udang jerbung (Penaeus merguensis) dan udang dogol (Metapenaeus endevouri dan Metapenaeus ensis). Data statistik perikanan udang di Cilacap menunjukkan produksi udang terus mengalami penurunan yaitu dari 1.118.644 kg pada tahun 2004 menjadi 818.595 kg pada tahun 2008. Penurunan produksi udang di Cilacap diduga disebabkan oleh meningkatnya intensitas penangkapan dan kerusakan ekologi kawasan pesisir, khususnya hutan mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun peta untuk menghitung luas kawasan lahan mangrove, dan mengestimasi stok sumberdaya udang di Kabupaten Cilacap. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis spasial dan analisis potensi sumberdaya ikan. Hasil analisis menyatakan bahwa estimasi luasan kawasan hutan mangrove di Cilacap pada tahun 2005 sekitar 14.502,55 ha, menurun menjadi sekitar
UKURAN MATA DAN SHORTENING YANG SESUAI UNTUK JARING INSANG YANG DIOPERASIKAN DI PERAIRAN TUAL ((Appropriate of Mesh Size and Shortening for Gillnet Operated on Tual Waters))
Authors: Rahantan Ali , Puspito Gondo
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Shortening and mesh size of gillnet that operated by Tual fishermen are various. The purposes of this study were to determine the effectively of gillnet based on different shortening and mesh size and to estimate the catch diversity index of each mesh size. The study was conducted from April 6th-May 15th of 2012 in Tual waters. Results shown that gillnet with mesh size of 2.25” and shortening of 50% caught the most number of fish (74). It was followed by gillnet of 2.50”-50% (59), 2.50”-55% (31), 2.25”-55% (24), 2.25”-45% (19), 2.50”-45% (15), 3.00”-50% (15) and 3.00”-55% (6). The Shannon index rate of gillnet with mesh size of 2.25” was 1.8, 2.50” (1.9) and 3.00” (1.1). While the Sympson index rate of gillnet with mesh size of 2.25” was 0.2, 2.50” (0.3) and 3.00” (0.4).

Keywords: gillnet, mesh size, shortening, Tual waters

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ABSTRAK

Ukuran mata dan shortening jaring insang yang dioperasikan nelayan Tual sangat beragam. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menentukan efektivitas jaring insang yang didasarkan atas ukuran mata dan shortening yang berbeda dan menentukan indeks keragaman dari setiap ukuran mata. Penelitian dilakukan dari 6 April-15 Mei 2012 di perairan Tual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jaring insang dengan ukuran mata jaring 2,25” dan shortening 50% paling efektif menangkap ikan di perairan Tual dibandingkan dengan ukuran jaring lainnya. Jaring ini menangkap 74 ekor. Adapun jaring 2,5”-50% (59 ekor), 2,5”-55% (31 ekor), 2,25”-55% (24 ekor), 2,25”-45% (19 ekor), 2,50”-45% (15 ekor), 3,00”-50% (15 ekor) dan 3,00-55% (6 ekor). Indeks keragaman Shanon untuk jaring insang dengan ukuran mata 2,25” adalah 1,8, 2,50” (1,9) dan 3,00” (1,1). Sementara indeks keragaman Sympson pada ukuran mata 2,25” sebesar 0,2, 2,50” (0,3) dan 3,00” (0,4).

Kata kunci: jaring insang, ukuran mata, shortening, perairan Tual
SELEKSI UMPAN DAN UKURAN MATA PANCING TEGAK (Selection on bait and hook number of vertical line)
Authors: Azizah Noor , Puspito Gondo
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Experimental research on vertical line using different bait and hook size to catch hairtail has been conducted in Palabuhanratu waters. Three kinds of bait were hairtails (Trichiurus sp.), sardine (Sardinella sp.), and mackerel (Rastrelliger sp.). Number of hooks consisted of 8, 9 and 10. All fishing operations were done on floating lift net. From the experiment, bait of sardine was more effective to catch hairtails of Trichiurus savala than hairtails and mackerel. The three baits cought 69, 54 and 46 hairtails of Trichiurus savala, respectively. While, bait of hairtails was more suitable to catch hairtails of Trichiurus haumela. Bait of hairtails, sardine and mackerel cought 11, 7 and 1 hairtails of Trichiurus haumela. Hook number 8 gave the greatest number of catch, i.e. 62 hairtails of Trichiurus savala and 11 hairtails of Trichiurus haumela.

Keywords: Hairtails, vertical line, bait, hook number, and Palabuhanratu.

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ABSTRAK
Operasi penangkapan layur dengan menggunakan jenis umpan dan ukuran mata pancing yang berbeda telah dilakukan di perairan Palabuhanratu. Jenis umpan yang dipakai adalah layur (Trichiurus sp.), tembang (Sardinella sp.), dan kembung (Rastrelliger sp.). Adapun ukuran mata pancing yang digunakan terdiri atas nomor 8, 9 dan 10. Operasi penangkapan dilakukan di atas bagan apung. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa umpan tembang paling efektif untuk menangkap layur bedog (Trichiurus savala), selanjutnya layur dan kembung. Masing-masing menghasilkan 69; 54 dan 46 ekor. Adapun umpan layur lebih efektif untuk menangkap layur meleu (Trichiurus haumela) dibandingkan dengan tembang dan kembung. Masing-masing menangkap 11, 7 dan 1 ekor layur meleu. Mata pancing nomor 8 menghasilkan jumlah tangkapan layur bedog dan layur meleu terbanyak, yaitu 62 dan 11 ekor.

Kata kunci: Layur, rawai tegak, umpan, nomor mata pancing dan Palabuhanratu
Synergistic Effect of Combined Antibiotic and Methanol Extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Reda Fifi Mohammed , El-Zawahry YA , Omar AR
Published: December 2017

A total of seventy-five medical specimens were collected from different patients admitted to Zagazig university hospital, Egypt. The selected bacterial isolates were distributed as 45 Gram negative bacterial isolates (60%) and 30 Gram positive bacterial isolates (40%). The most effective antibiotic was gentamycin (76%) followed by amikacin and nitrofurantoin. The multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial isolates were selected and identified to four groups; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The selected isolates were screened for their capability of biofilm, hemolysins, lecithinase and protease production. S. aureus AM23 and P. aeruginosa AM41 were selected as the highest biofilm and degrading enzymes producers. Furthermore, twenty-four methanolic and aqueous crude extracts derived from different medicinal plants in Egypt were screened for their antibacterial activity against both selected MDR strains. Methanolic extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf showed the greatest effect on the tested bacteria. Also, there was a synergistic effect of combined E. camaldulensis leaf extract and antibiotics (Gentamycin and Ceftriaxone) against tested organisms. Transmission electron microscopy showed changes in cell shapes, size, contents and cell envelop of antimicrobials treated bacterial cells compared to the control. Our findings proved that the leaf extracts of E. camaldulensis had great potential as antimicrobial agents in the treatment of infectious organisms.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 486-497
Field Assessment of Onion Genotypes for Resistance against Purple Blotch Complex (Alternaria porri And Stemphylium vesicarium) under Artificial Epiphytotic Conditions in Indian Punjab
Authors: Yadav Ritesh Kumar , Singh Amarjit , Dhatt Ajmer Singh , Jain Sandeep
Published: December 2017

A total of forty one genotypes of onion were evaluated for their relative response to purple blotch complex caused by Alternaria porri and Stemphylium vesicarium under artificial epiphytotic condition in field during Rabi 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Significant variation in disease severity among the onion genotypes was found over two years but the pooled analysis revealed that most of the variations were due to genotype x year interaction. None of the genotypes exhibited resistance to the disease complex. Of the test genotypes, eighteen were found moderately susceptible while twenty one were found susceptible to the disease complex. Two genotypes viz., Punjab Naroya and OSR-1364 exhibited highly susceptible reaction. However, six genotypes viz., P-96, P-30, P-121, OSR-1359, P-98 and OSR-1370 showed superior yield performance. Purple blotch complex exhibited highly significant negative correlation of 0.71 and 0.67 with fresh bulb yield and bulb size, respectively. Cluster analysis of onion genotypes was performed based on disease and yield variables and the genotypes were furthered grouped into five clusters based on average values of disease and yield variables.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 498-504
Effect of Supplementing Rice Bran and Wheat Bran with Probiotics on Growth Performance of Khari Kids
Authors: Pudasaini Ramchandra , Dhital Bigya
Published: December 2017

An experiment was conducted in IAAS, Livestock Farm, Rampur Chitwan, Nepal in order to assess the growth performance of kids feeding diets supplemented with probiotics. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications and five feeding supplemented diets with probiotics treatments. Parameters studied were live weight gain, body measurements and economic analysis. The result of this study showed the highest cumulative mean live weight (13.24 kg) in the treatment group feeding mixture of rice bran and wheat bran with probiotics. Fortnightly and daily body weight gains were also highest in the treatment group having mixture of rice bran and wheat bran with probiotics. The highest (11.74cm) overall mean monthly heart girth was observed in the treatment group feeding mixture of rice bran and wheat bran with probiotics. The mean monthly cumulative neck girth, body length and wither height of kids did not differ significant (p>0.05) among treatments. However, the highest overall mean monthly cumulative neck girth (6.71cm), wither height (10.14cm) and body length (14.62cm) was observed in probiotics supplemented treatment groups. Highest (1.61) benefit cost ratio was obtained from goats reared on feeding mixture of rice bran and wheat bran with Probiotics and lowest (1.008) in wheat bran without probiotics. The result of the study thus suggests that feeding of rice bran and wheat bran with probiotics is beneficial in terms of growth rate and cost of production.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 430-433
Identification of Resistant Genotypes on Rice against Blast Disease under Field Condition at Rampur, Chitwan
Authors: Rijal Tirtha Raj , Hamal Govinda Bahadur , Jha Purushhotam , Koirala Keshab Babu
Published: December 2017

Blast disease is considered as a major limiting factor in the global rice production because of its wide distribution and destructiveness and it has been causing significant yield loss in all rice growing areas of Nepal. Host resistance is the most desirable means of managing blast, especially in developing countries. Considering the importance of this disease field screening experiment was conducted to identify resistant rice genotypes against this disease. A total of 314 and 346 rice genotypes with resistant (Sabitri) and susceptible checks (Sankarika) were evaluated under epyphytotic conditions during 2016 and 2017 summer seasons at Rampur, respectively.  During 2016 disease severity varied from 1 to 9 and only five genotypes;   Sabitri, IR 12L 110, WAS122-IDSA14-WASB-FKRI, IR 10F 559and IR 10F 616 were resistant, 30 moderately resistant, 150 susceptible and 129 highly susceptible against blast disease. Similarly during 2016 out of 346 genotypes, 23 resistant as ARIZE SWIFT GOLD, IR95784-21-1-1-2, NR2169-10-4-1-1-1-1-1-2, NR2169-10-2-3-1-1-1-1-1, NR2181-165-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, NR2167-48-5-1-2-1-1, NR2171-2-1-1-3-1-1-2, NR2170-5-5-1-6-1-1-3-1, NR2170-31-1-1-5-1-1-1-1, NR2167-41-1-1-3-1, NR2172-34-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, Sabitri, IR82589-B-B-114-3, IR79913-B-238-3-3, IR93823-36, IR08L 152, IR82589-B-B-51-4, IR09F 434, IR55423-01,  IR94391-131-353-19-B-1-1-1-1-1, NR2154-8-1-1-1-1-1, NR 2124-43-3-1-1-1, NR2160-68-1-1-1-1-1., 72 moderately resistant, 191 susceptible and 155 were highly susceptible. Most of the highly susceptible genotypes were knocked down at the time of disease scoring.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 505-510
From Thyroid Uptake to Molecular Imaging – A Journey of Nuclear Medicine in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Mohafizul Hoque , Hasan Mizanul
Published: December 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 18(1): 8, January 2015
Development of a Quantitative Estimation of Mammographically Breast Density
Authors: Nahar Meherun , Mollah Abdus Sattar , Mohammad Akramuzzaman Mir
Published: December 2017

Objective: Increased mammographic breast density is a moderate independent risk factor for breast cancer. Assessment of breast density may become useful in risk assessment and prevention decisions. To evaluate the association between mammographic density and breast cancer risk, a simple observer-assisted technique called interactive thresholding was developed.Methods: For providing, a quantitative estimation of mammographically dense tissue, in this study computer assisted measurements were carried out using Adobe AIR software. For thresholding technique, software named ‘Xray Image Analyzer’ was programmed in Adobe AIR language version - Action script 3.0. runtime version- Flash player 9, AIR 1.0, and flash Lite-4. Interactive thresholding technique was applied to digitized film screen mammograms, which assesses the proportion of radio graphically dense tissue in the mammographic image representing mammographic density. The technique evaluated for 36 mammograms of 18 women who underwent referral mammography in a hospital at Dhaka city from October 2010 to October 2011.Results: The women in the selected group were in age range of 20 to 60 years, with a mean age of 44±9 and median age is 45 yrs. The technique was found to be very reliable with an intra-class correlation coefficient between observers typically R = 0.887. This technique may have a role in routine mammographic analysis for the purpose of assessing risk categories and as a tool in studies of the etiology of breast cancer, in particular for monitoring changes in breast parenchyma during potential preventive interventions. Conclusion: It is possible to use the interactive segmentation technique for other projections of the breast, such as the medio-lateral oblique view. In this case, however, it is necessary to perform a manual segmentation to remove the image of the pectoral muscle from the analysis. This technique can be employ as a tool in many clinical studies.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 18(1): 16-20, January 2015
Role of Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy and Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Biliary Atresia in Infant with Neonatal Jaundice – Experiences in NINMAS
Authors: Sultana Nasreen , Jabin Zeenat , Bashir Md , Parveen Rahima , Begum Shamim MF , Begum Rokeya , Islam Saiful
Published: December 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether gall bladder visualization can help to exclude the biliary atresia in hepatobiliary scintigraphic studies of infants with persistent jaundice.Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out at the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS). Study subjects include infants with neo-natal jaundice who underwent Hepatobiliary scintigraphies for suspected biliary atresia and study period was 2 years. Food was withheld for 4 hours before the examination. Anterior images of liver and gall bladder were taken after i/v administration of 2 -3 mci 99m Tc labeled Brida (HIDA) at 5 min interval for 2 hours then at 4 hours and 24 hours. Non-visualization of bowel activity in HIDA scan in 24hours delayed images was considered as cases of diagnosis of biliary atresia.Results: Thirty-six patients were included in this retrospective study. Patent biliary channels was seen by scintigraphies in 17(47%) patients and biliary atresia was seen in 19(52%) patients. By abdominal US non- visualization of gall bladder were found in 25(69%) cases and gall bladder visualized in 11(30%) cases. Eight (22%) of 36 patients had biopsy confirmed biliary atresia; all of these had positive scintigraphies and (60%) had positive sonographic findings. Among the 5 false-positive scintigraphies caused by hepatic dysfunction and 2 had normal sonography. Thirty-six patients had periscintigraphic sonography. There were 25/36 (61%) abnormal studies, which included cases with small gallbladder (n = 8) and non-visualized gallbladder (n = 17), but not periportal fibrosis.Conclusion: Gall bladder was usually visible on Hepatobiliary scintigraphy of fasting patients with biliary patency.  Both hepatobiliary scintigraphy and sonography are currently the standard imaging investigations for suspected biliary atresia. The complementary role, in which scintigraphy and sonography are important, and recommend follow-up imaging reassessment before making definitive surgical decisions. This will serve to decrease the frequency of false-positive imaging diagnoses of biliary atresia, and hence, avoid unnecessary surgeries.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 18(1): 51-53, January 2015
Ni fait, ni à faire : Chambord, un château à choix multiples
Authors: Bryant Simon , Travers Cécile
Published: December 2017

Cette communication est l’occasion de présenter le panorama des recherches menées depuis une quinzaine d’années sur le monument et son environnement proche - dépouillements d’archives, études sur le tufeau et les dégradations de la pierre, relevés photogrammétriques, modélisations en 3D de l’édifice - et de parler des interventions archéologiques qui se sont enchaînées depuis 1996 (fouilles programmées, diagnostics archéologiques, fouilles préventives). Ces recherches ont permis d’aborder de façon très concrète les origines mouvementées du chantier Renaissance, ainsi que la vie du château au XVIIIe siècle. La question de l’environnement de l’édifice a pris progressivement de l’importance et a généré des recherches spécifiques sur le bourg, le domaine, la forêt, et tout dernièrement sur les jardins. Nous livrons ici un premier aperçu des informations issues de la fouille des parterres nord réalisée durant l’été 2016 dans le cadre d’un projet de restauration des jardins. Les données sont en cours de traitement et semblent particulièrement prometteuses pour la connaissance de l’évolution du site et de sa mise en valeur progressive depuis le XVIe siècle. Elles ont aussi confirmé l’existence du grand jardin d’agrément de style régulier, créé dans les années 1730 devant les façades nord et est du château, et apporté des éléments de connaissance très précis quant aux dispositions paysagères originelles de ce premier jardin.
Coquillages et coquilles au château de Versailles aux xviie et xviiie siècles : entre repas et rocailles de fontaines
Authors: Dupont Catherine
Published: December 2017

L’étude des coquilles découvertes lors des fouilles archéologiques de Versailles a permis de mettre en évidence l’arrivée de ces mollusques marins sous deux formes aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles : celle de l’animal vivant et celle de la coquille dépourvue de la chair de l’animal. L’analyse des huîtres plates de la Grille royale témoigne de leur acheminement à Versailles vivantes, dans le but d’être consommées. L’observation de leur surface montre que ces coquilles ont sans doute été nettoyées avant d’être transportées. Les faunes incrustées permettent aussi de décrire les caractéristiques des environnements d’où elles proviennent. D’autres coquilles ont, quant à elles, été recherchées pour leur esthétique et non pour leur vertu alimentaire. Elles ont été découvertes au sein des bosquets de la Reine, ancien Labyrinthe, et du Rond vert, redevenu récemment Théâtre d’eau. Leur analyse montre que la nacre était une matière recherchée. Ces coquilles reflètent, de par leur aspect et leurs origines multiples, le prestige des lieux. Elles participent à la mode du rocaillage, une pratique architecturale qui consistait à mélanger des matériaux naturels (pierre, galets, coquilles…).
The Cell Surface Estrogen Receptor, G Protein- Coupled Receptor 30 (GPR30), is Markedly down Regulated during Breast Tumorigenesis
Authors: Poola Indira , Abraham Jessy , Liu Aiyi , Marshalleck Josephine J. , Dewitty Robert L.
Published: December 2017

Background

GPR30 is a cell surface estrogen receptor that has been shown to mediate a number of non-genomic rapid effects of estrogen and appear to balance the signaling of estrogen and growth factors. In addition, progestins appear to use GPR30 for their actions. Therefore, GPR30 could play a critical role in hormonal regulation of breast epithelial cell integrity. Deregulation of the events mediated by GPR30 could contribute to tumorigenesis.

Methods

To understand the role of GPR30 in the deregulation of estrogen signaling processes during breast carcinogenesis, we have undertaken this study to investigate its expression at mRNA levels in tumor tissues and their matched normal tissues. We compared its expression at mRNA levels by RT quantitative real-time PCR relative to GAPDH in ERα”—positive (n = 54) and ERα”—negative (n = 45) breast cancer tissues to their matched normal tissues.

Results

We report here, for the first time, that GPR30 mRNA levels were significantly down-regulated in cancer tissues in comparison with their matched normal tissues (p < 0.0001 by two sided paired t-test). The GPR30 expression levels were significantly lower in tumor tissues from patients (n = 29) who had lymph node metastasis in comparison with tumors from patients (n = 53) who were negative for lymph node metastasis (two sample t-test, p < 0.02), but no association was found with ERα, PR and other tumor characteristics.

Conclusions

Down-regulation of GPR30 could contribute to breast tumorigenesis and lymph node metastasis.
A Decade of Change: An Institutional Experience with Breast Surgery in 1995 and 2005
Authors: Guth Amber A. , Shanker Beth Ann , Roses Daniel F. , Axelrod Deborah , Singh Baljit , Toth Hildegard , Shapiro Richard L. , Hiotis Karen , Diflo Thomas , Cangiarella Joan F.
Published: December 2017

Introduction

With the adoption of routine screening mammography, breast cancers are being diagnosed at earlier stages, with DCIS now accouting for 22.5% of all newly diagnosed breast cancers. This has been attributed to both increased breast cancer awareness and improvements in breast imaging techniques. How have these changes, including the increased use of image-guided sampling techniques, influenced the clinical practice of breast surgery?

Methods

The institutional pathology database was queried for all breast surgeries, including breast reconstruction, performed in 1995 and 2005. Cosmetic procedures were excluded. The results were analysed utilizing the Chi-square test.

Results

Surgical indications changed during 10-year study period, with an increase in preoperatively diagnosed cancers undergoing definitive surgical management. ADH, and to a lesser extent, ALH, became indications for surgical excision. Fewer surgical biopsies were performed for indeterminate abnormalities on breast imaging, due to the introduction of stereotactic large core biopsy. While the rate of benign breast biopsies remained constant, there was a higher percentage of precancerous and DCIS cases in 2005. The overall rate of mastectomy decreased from 36.8% in 1995 to 14.5% in 2005. With the increase in sentinel node procedures, the rate of ALND dropped from 18.3% to 13.7%. Accompanying the increased recognition of early-stage cancers, the rate of positive ALND also decreased, from 43.3% to 25.0%.

Conclusions

While the rate of benign breast biopsies has remained constant over a recent 10-year period, fewer diagnostic surgical image-guided biopsies were performed in 2005. A greater percentage of patients with breast cancer or preinvasive disease have these diagnoses determined before surgery. More preinvasive and Stage 0 cancers are undergoing surgical management. Earlier stage invasive cancers are being detected, reflected by the lower incidence of axillary nodal metastases.
The Relationship between Quality of Life and Eating Attitudes in Turkish High School Students
Authors: Kumcağız Hatice
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between quality of life and eating attitudes of adolescents. Thisstudy was designed as a correlational study. Participants were 640 voluntarily participating 15-18 years old studentsstudying at public high schools in Samsun, Turkey. Data was collected with the Quality of Life Scale for Childrenand Eating Attitudes Test. In the data analysis process, descriptive analysis and pearson correlation analysis for therelationship between life quality and eating attitudes were used. Simple linear regression analysis was also employedto see whether life quality predicts eating attitude scores. According to the study findings, there was a negative andstatistically weak relationship between life quality and eating attitudes. Also, it was revealed that adolescents’ qualityof life scores predicted their eating attitude scores. The study results were discussed with previous literature.
A Model for Traffic Accidents Prediction Based on Driver Personality Traits Assessment
Authors: Čubranić-Dobrodolac Marjana , Lipovac Krsto , Čičević Svetlana , Antić Boris
Published: December 2017

The model proposed in this paper uses four psychological instruments for assessing driver behaviour and personality traits aiming to find a relationship between the considered constructs and the occurrence of traffic accidents. A Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) was used for the assessment of impulsivity, Aggressive Driving Behaviour Questionnaire (ADBQ) for assessing the aggressiveness while driving, Manchester Driver Attitude Questionnaire (DAQ) and the Questionnaire for self-assessment of driving ability. Besides these instruments, the participants filled out an extensive demographic survey. Within the statistical analysis, in addition to the descriptive indicators, correlation coefficients were calculated and four hierarchical regression analyses were performed to determine the predictive power of personality traits on the occurrence of traffic accidents. Further, to confirm the results and to obtain additional information about the relationship between the considered variables, the structural equation modelling and binary logistic regression have been implemented. A sample of this research covered 305 drivers, of which there were 100 bus drivers and 102 truck drivers, as well as 103 drivers of privately owned vehicles. The results indicate that BIS-11 and ADBQ questionnaires show the best predictive power which means that impulsivity and aggressiveness as personality traits have the greatest influence on the occurrence of traffic accidents. This research could be useful in many fields, such as the design of selection procedures for professional drivers, development of programs for the prevention of traffic accidents and violations of law, rehabilitation of drivers who have been deprived of the driving license, etc.
Prevention of Anal Cancer in High-Risk Individuals
Authors: Palefsky Joel M.
Published: October 2024

This JAMA Insights examines the treatment and rising prevalence of anal cancer in the US in high-risk groups, including people with HIV and immunosuppression associated with solid organ transplant.