bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional responses of tadpoles exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate
Authors: Souza Gabriela Taiza , Caberlon Carolina Abreu , Moser Camila Fernanda , Oliveira Guendalina Turcato , Dalmolin Diego Anderson , Santos Roseli Coelho , Tozetti Alexandro Marques
Published: October 2024

The main causes of biodiversity decline are associated with habitat loss and degradation. This process is mainly related to the expansion of agricultural frontiers (habitat loss) combined with the intense use of pesticides (habitat degradation). Even aquatic animals are affected by agriculture due to the run-off of pesticides from plantations to water bodies. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the pesticide glyphosate (commercial name Roundup) on the morphological development of tadpoles of Boana faber (Blacksmith Treefrog) and their functional traits. We analyzed 51 tadpoles in a laboratory experiment composed of four treatments with different concentrations of glyphosate. We measured 16 morphological characters of each tadpole, which were used to determine four functional traits: feeding, locomotion, gas exchange, and sensory perception. Our results indicate that glyphosate exposure directly affects the morphology and functional traits, with potential consequences on tadpole ecology. Morphological characteristics related to locomotion (caudal fin height and dorsal fin height) and sensory perception (internal distance between the eyes) were the attributes that presented greater variation after exposure. Greater exposure to glyphosate leads to smaller functional space occupied by locomotory attributes, which could indicate a reduction in morphological plasticity and changes in the ability to explore the habitat. At the same time, functional attributes related to space use and diet occupied the functional space in a manner that allowed greater differentiation between the treatments. As we detected huge changes in tadpole functional traits after a few days of exposure (seven days) and based on the current knowledge that many Brazilian ecosystems are vulnerable to runoff water from agricultural areas, we suggest that the ecological performance of free-ranging tadpoles has been suffering continuous effects of agricultural pollutants.
A Minimally Invasive Technique for Correcting Extra-Articular Malunions of Metacarpal Fractures
Authors: Han Zitao , Zhang Xu , Yu Yadong , Yang Xiaoliang , Du Wei , Zhang Guisheng
Published: October 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to introduce a minimally invasive technique for correcting malunions of extra-articular metacarpal fractures followed by percutaneous fixation with a cemented K-wire frame.
Methods
From January 2018 to January 2022, 31 patients (31 malunions of extra-articular metacarpal fractures) were treated. The mean age of the patients was 32 years (range, 21–52 years). There were 25 fifth, 4 fourth, 1 third, and 1 second metacarpal malunions. The range of motion of the finger was assessed based on the total active motion scoring system of American Society for Surgery of the Hand. The motion was graded as excellent (85–100%), good (70–84%), fair (50–69%), and poor (below 50% based on a comparison of the opposite finger. The aesthetic appearance of the hand was evaluated based on the 10-cm visual analogue scale. Patient satisfaction was assessed using the Short Assessment of Patient Satisfaction (SAPS; 0–10, very dissatisfied; 11–18, dissatisfied; 19–26, satisfied; 27–28, very satisfied).
Results
Bone healing was achieved in all patients after a mean of 5.4 weeks (range, 4–10 weeks). The mean follow-up period was 27 months (range, 24–33 months). The mean preoperative TAM scale was 233° (range, 185°–288°), and the postoperative scale was 263° (range, 235°–290°). There were 8 excellent, 19 good, and 1 fair result. There were 15 very satisfied and 13 satisfied results. The mean preoperative aesthetic appearance of the hand was 7 cm (range, 5 cm – 8 cm), and the postoperative appearance was 10 cm (range, 9 cm – 10 cm).
Conclusion
The minimally invasive technique is effective for correcting extra-articular malunions of metacarpal fractures. The rigid fixation allows fracture healing and early motion of the injured hand. The technique improves hand function, patient satisfaction, and the aesthetic appearance of the hand.
Level of Evidence
Therapeutic study, Level IVa.
Intra-hypothalamic circuit orchestrates β-endorphin release following coital ejaculation in male mice
Authors: Xu Xiao-Hong , Zha Xi , Jiao Zhuolei , Li Shuai-Shuai , Liu Xiao-Yao , Li Xingyu , Sun Yi-Zhuo , Ding Xiaojing , Gao Meng-Tong , Gao Shu-Chen , Chen Ai-Xiao , Lin Jun-Kai , Zhang Wen , Cao Xuanzi , Zhang Yan-Li , Yang Rong-Rong , Xu Chun
Published: October 2024

Survey-based evidence suggests that men experience a distinct post-ejaculation affective state1,2, marked by intense pleasure sometimes compared to the euphoric rush from intravenous injection of opioid drugs such as heroin3. However, the intrinsic neural circuit mechanisms underlying the ejaculation-triggered affective state remain unclear. Here, we discovered that Calbindin1-expressing (Calb1+) neurons in the preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus, an evolutionarily conserved regulatory region for male mating behavior4, are specifically activated during ejaculation in male mice. Inhibiting POA Calb1+ neurons prolongs mating and delays ejaculation. Importantly, POA Calb1+ neurons transmit the ejaculation signal and activate proopiomelanocortin-expressing (Pomc+) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, which show robust and sustained activity lasting for tens of seconds, specifically upon ejaculation. This activity is accompanied by elevated levels of β-endorphins5, opioid peptides secreted by Pomc+ neurons, post-ejaculation in male mice. Optogenetic activation of Pomc+ neurons increases β-endorphins levels and conditioned placed preference, similar to ejaculation. Conversely, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of drugs blocking Pomc neuropeptides signaling eliminates ejaculation-conditioned place preference. Collectively, these results elucidate an intra-hypothalamic circuit from POA Calb1+ neurons to arcuate Pomc+ neurons that coordinate β-endorphin release with ejaculation, shedding light on the neurobiological basis of the post-ejaculation affective state.
Pig nasal and rectal microbiotas are involved in the antibody response to Glaesserella parasuis
Authors: Obregon-Gutierrez Pau , Mahmmod Yasser , Barba-Vidal Emili , Sibila Marina , Correa-Fiz Florencia , Aragon Virginia
Published: October 2024

Background
Vaccination stands as one of the most sustainable and promising strategies to control infectious diseases in animal production. Nevertheless, the causes for antibody response variation among individuals are poorly understood. The animal microbiota has shown to be involved in the correct development and function of the host immunity, including the antibody response. Here, we studied the nasal and rectal microbiota composition and the association with the antibody response against the pathobiont Glaesserella parasuis. We sampled the nasal and rectal microbiota of 24 piglets before vaccination (two farms) and at similar time in an unvaccinated farm (naturally exposed to the pathobiont). Microbiota composition was inferred by v3v4 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. The antibody response to either vaccination or natural exposure to G. parasuis was measured by ELISA and the variation between the levels before and after vaccination (normalized per farm) was used in the analyses.
Results
Piglets with higher antibody responses showed more diverse microbial communities compared to piglets with lower responses. Moreover, we were able to associate swine nasal core microbiota colonizers with higher antibody levels, such as several members from Bacteroidales and Clostridiales orders and genera including Moraxella, Staphylococcus, Fusobacterium and Neisseria. Regarding taxa found in the rectal microbiota, only associations at order level were detected with antibody responses pointing towards a positive role for Clostridialeswhile negative for Enterobacteriales.
Conclusions
Altogether, these results suggest that the microbiota is associated with the antibody response to G. parasuis (and probably to other pathogens) and serves as starting point to understand the factors that contribute to immunization in pigs.
Combining market surveys and participatory approaches to map small ruminant mobility in three selected states in northern Nigeria
Authors: Ijoma Sandra. I. , Mesdour Asma , Bolajoko Muhammad-Bashir , Nwosuh Chika , Bordier Marion , Bataille Arnaud , Abdulrahman Adeiza. M. , Nafarnda Wesley. D. , Arsevska Elena , Apolloni Andrea
Published: October 2024

In Nigeria, an enormous gap in knowledge on livestock mobility and its role in transboundary disease spread exists. As animals move, so do diseases. Therefore, there is a need to understand how livestock movements can contribute to the circulation and maintenance of infectious livestock diseases, which can impede the design of particular surveillance and control tactics in the event of outbreaks. Our study aimed to compare and combine market surveys and participatory approaches to map and describe small ruminant mobility in three selected states in northern Nigeria for better surveillance and control of small ruminant infectious diseases. We conducted a market survey via semi-structured questionnaires from 1065 market traders and 20 separate focus group discussions with traders and transhumance in 10 local government areas (LGAs) in the three northern states, namely, Plateau, Bauchi and Kano. The respondent movements by type, animal movement, and reason for movement were described and summarized. The data collected were used to reconstruct small ruminant mobility networks, whose nodes were LGAs, in the 3 states of the survey area and with other states in Nigeria and whose movements were mapped. The characteristics of both networks were studied via a complex network approach either separately or in combination. The use of these two approaches provides a complementary view of small ruminant mobility. The reconstructed networks are connected, highly heterogeneous and have very low density. The networks include LGAs belonging to 31 states. The presence of hubs increases the risk of disease spread. Gwarzo, Wudil (Kano) and Alkaleri (Bauchi) LGAs receive the most sheep and goats, whereas Jos North (Plateau) and Gwarzo supply more small ruminants. The Bukuru and Alkaleri markets are superspreaders with a relatively high probability of detecting virus circulation. Four to six multistate communities were identified. Our findings could support policy choices to identify priority areas for surveillance and disease control in small ruminants.
Hill function of oxyhemoglobin saturation quantifies power law parameters of subjective mental workload
Authors: Fürstenau Norbert
Published: October 2024

Based on the assumption of limited cognitive and energetic resources and a formal logistic resource limitation model (LRL) we had published recently initial evidence for a power law function of quasi real-time measured subjective mental workload (MWL) as dependent on normalized task load (TL), using human-in-the-loop (HITL) air-traffic-control simulation experiments (Fürstenau & Radüntz 2022). Cognitive processing and memory resources invested in task execution determine MWL that is quantified through objective physiological measures such as heart rate and variability, EEG, HbO2 concentration changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated blood measured by fNIRS, and subjective methods like periodic quasi-real-time “instantaneous self-assessment” (ISA) with multilevel MWL-scales. Here we provide additional evidence for the cognitive MWL(TL) power law based on an extended LRL model, and we show quantitative parametric equivalence with the classical two-parametric Hill function of oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) saturation . Moreover, we derive a relationship between MWL and HbO2-saturation by extending the simple physicochemical reaction kinetics of Hb-oxygenation by a normalized TL-variable. MWL(HbO2) is characterized by the same parameters as the Hill function and provides a possibility to validate via regression based parameter estimates the model function directly through simultaneously measured quasi real-time subjective MWL and HbO2-oxygenation. Here we provide indirect evidence for the model by comparing corresponding theoretical MWL(HbO2-saturation) characteristics parametrized through experimental estimates of cognitive and equivalent physicochemical Hill parameters. Parameter estimates via nonlinear regression are based on published data sets from three independent HITL-simulation experiments with highly trained domain experts.
A mixed effects model for longitudinal designs considering multiple covariates
Authors: Draxler Clemens , Kurz Andreas
Published: October 2024

This article discusses a mixed effects logit model that can be viewed as an extension of the so-called linear logistic model (LLTM) by considering additional covariates assumed to have a linear effect on the logits of response probabilities of the persons. Specifically, it gives up the parameter invariance assumption of the original LLTM. The focus of the discussion is on repeated measurement and longitudinal experimental designs. It includes estimation procedures based on a conditional maximum likelihood (CML) approach and statistical tests of various hypotheses derived from asymptotic theory that represent different scenarios on effects of items, time points, and covariates. To illustrate the application of the model, inference on parameters, and interpretation of results, a real-data example from the field of developmental psychology is used.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Urogenital Schistosomiasis Among Primary Schoolchildren in Abobo, Amibara and Kurmuk Districts, Ethiopia
Authors: Deribew Ketema
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Urogenital schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Schistosoma haematobium and it is one of the public health problems in Ethiopia. When developing specific schistosomiasis control intervention program, the existing knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) must be taken into account. This study aimed to assess the KAPs of primary schoolchildren towards urogenital schistosomiasis.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through questionnaires to assess KAP on urogenital schistosomiasis among primary schoolchildren. A total of 1171 study participants aged 5 to 15 years were selected randomly.
Results: Of the 1171 interviewed schoolchildren, 654, or 55.8%, said they had heard of urogenital schistosomiasis. Among all respondents, 13.9% of stated that their primary supply of household water came from rivers or dams and 28.9% of them had history of urogenital schistosomiasis. Using river or dam water for household consumption had a significant association with urogenital schistosomiasis infection history (P = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that males had significantly higher risk of having urogenital schistosomiasis infection history compared to females (OR = 3.01, P < 0.001). Children in low socio-economic status had higher risk of having urogenital schistosomiasis compared to high socio-economic status (OR = 2.81, P < 0.001). Compared to urban dweller, children in rural area had higher risk of having urogenital schistosomiasis (OR = 4.34, P < 0.001). Respondents who used river water (OR = 2.48, P = 0.005), and lake or dam water (OR = 3.33, P = < 0.001) are at more risk of urogenital schistosomiasis infection. Furthermore, respondents swimming or playing in river water had high risk of urogenital schistosomiasis infection history (OR = 1.62, P = 0.005).
Conclusion:This study showed that there was knowledge gap in schoolchildren about urogenital schistosomiasis causes, transmission, symptoms and prevention. Therefore, appropriate health education and behavioral change intervention is needed to create better knowledge among schoolchildren regarding its transmission, control, and prevention.
Luminescence Images: What is it That You See?
Authors: Götze Jens , MacRae Colin M. , Nasdala Lutz
Published: October 2024

Luminescence imaging and hyperspectral luminescence mapping are powerful analytical tools with widespread applications in geosciences and materials science. The luminescence of minerals is mainly a defect phenomenon caused by lattice defects and/or impurity elements. This in turn allows one to study trace-element composition and the structural state of a sample by means of its emission. One of the most spectacular and widely used applications of luminescence images is to visualise internal textures in minerals that are not revealed by other analytical techniques. Herein we present a selection of examples for the extraordinary sensitivity of luminescence imaging. We also show that precise information on samples is obtained if luminescence imaging is combined with spectroscopic analysis of the emission and/or complementary analytical techniques.
Mechanisms of visual impairment in COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome: TRP channels as pathogenetic targets and objects of therapy
Authors: Mironova E. M. , Balezina O. P.
Published: October 2024

This article presents a literature review on visual impairments in COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome and their possible pathogenesis. The data on possible cellular targets of SARS-CoV-2 in various damaged eye structures are discussed. The proposed approaches to the treatment of eye disorders in COVID-19 are reviewed. The main attention is given to the recently discovered family of cation channels — the channels with a transient receptor potential, or TRP channels, as possible targets of SARS-CoV-2 action on eye cells. The structure and properties of TRP channels, in particular their ability to act as receptors for temperature, pain and inflammation, and to participate in phototransduction, are examined. TRP channels are shown to be present in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. The relationships are explored between TRP subfamilies, in particular TRPV1 channels, and various pathologies, such as dry eye syndrome, glaucoma, eye trauma, retinopathy, etc. Evidence is provided for a direct involvement of TRP channels in the pathogenesis of pulmonary pathology in COVID-19, and their role in the pathogenesis of many other diseases, including neuropathic and inflammatory pain, stroke, migraine, neurodegenerative disorders. The currently known pharmacological approaches targeting TRP channels are discussed. The paper highlights the importance of closely monitoring TRP channels activity, particularly TRPV1 ones, in assessing various COVID-19 manifestations, including eye infections.
Patlatma Sonucu Meydana Gelen Hava Şoku ve Partikül Madde Yayılımı Arasındaki İlişkinin Araştırılması
Authors: Kalaycı Şahinoğlu Ülkü
Published: October 2024

Bu makalede, taşocağı faaliyetlerinde gerçekleştirilen patlatma işlemleri sonucu oluşan toplam askıda partikül madde miktarı (TAPM) ile hava şoku arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında, patlatma etkisiyle oluşan partikül madde miktarı ve hava şoku ölçümleri aynı anda aynı ölçüm noktasında yapılmış, elde edilen veriler arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, patlatma kaynaklı çevresel etkilerden hava şoku ile TAPM arasında yüksek korelasyonlu (R=0,9) ve anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma, hem patlatma operasyonlarının hava kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemekte, hem patlatma ile oluşan toz bulutunun yayılım mesafesini analiz etmekte, hem de ölçümü zahmetli ve maliyetli olan toz miktarının amacıyla hava şoku ve partikül madde miktarı arasındaki ilişkiyi detaylı olarak ortaya koymaktadır.
Düşük Karbonlu St52 Çeliğinin Elektromanyetik Kalkanlama Potansiyeli: 4900-6000 MHz Frekans Aralığında Performans İncelemesi
Authors: Sorgucu Uğur
Published: October 2024

Elektromanyetik alanların hayatın her alanında yaygınlaşmasıyla elektromanyetik kalkanlama da önemi artan bir disiplin olmuştur. Mühendislik, fizik ve malzeme bilimi gibi çeşitli disiplinleri bir araya getiren çok disiplinli araştırma yönüyle ve hızla gelişen teknolojilerle birlikte elektromanyetik kalkanlama, elektronik cihazların ve sistemlerin güvenliği için kritik bir öneme sahip olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu makale kapsamında, çok geniş bir kullanım sahasına sahip olan düşük karbonlu ST52 çeliğinin elektromanyetik kalkanlama potansiyeli 4900-6000 MHz frekans aralığında değerlendirmektedir. ST52 çeliğinin kolay erişilebilir ve birçok emsaline göre fiyat/performans avantajları sebebiyle, elektromanyetik kalkanlama açısından kullanılabileceği sorusuyla başlayan bu çalışma sonucunda, ST52 çeliğinin 4900-6000 MHz frekans aralığında 40-60 dB arasında etkili bir elektromanyetik kalkanlama performansına sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Bu değerler, ASTM düzenlemeleri tarafından belirlenen 40 dB'lik elektromanyetik kalkanlama kriterini başarıyla karşılamaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, literatürdeki benzer çalışmalardan farklı olarak ST52 çeliğinin geniş bir frekans aralığında güçlü bir performans sergilediğini göstermektedir. ST52 çeliğinin elektromanyetik kalkanlama potansiyeli, özellikle 4900-6000 MHz frekans aralığında diğer malzemelerden ayrışmaktadır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bilgiler, telekomünikasyon, savunma sanayi ve elektronik üretimi gibi sektörlerde güvenilir elektromanyetik kalkanlama çözümleri arayan profesyoneller için önemlidir.
Desafíos para la promoción de la salud mental durante la formación de residentes
Authors: Caballero-Domínguez Carmen Cecilia , Almenárez-Gómez José Alfredo
Published: October 2024

Es una editorial
Whether the Liver-to-Portal Vein Ratio is Applicable for Evaluating the European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology Hepatobiliary Phase in Gd-EOB-DTPA-Enhanced MRI?
Authors: Wang Chao , Song Yancheng , Pan Zhibin , Li Guoce , Liu Fenghai , Yuan Xiaodong
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

This study aimed to verify whether the Liver-to-portal Ratio (LPR) can assess the adequacy of the Hepatobiliary Phase (HBP) for patients with
different liver functions.

Methods:

A total of 125 patients were prospectively enrolled in the study and graded into the non-cirrhosis group (45), Child-Pugh A group (40), and Child-
Pugh B/C group (40). The LPR on HBP was calculated after eight HBPs were obtained within 5-40 minutes. The adequate HBP was determined
according to the 2016 European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) consensus statement. The differences in LPR and
lesions’ conspicuity between 10-min HBP and adequate HBP were analyzed by paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test, respectively. The chisquare
test was used to test the difference in proportion with LPR larger than 1.462 between 10-min HBP and adequate HBP.

Results:

The differences in LPR and lesions’ conspicuity between 10-min HBP and adequate HBP were significant in Child-Pugh A and Child-Pugh B/C
groups (P < 0.05), except for the non-cirrhosis group (P > 0.05). The differences in proportion with LPR larger than 1.462 between 10-min HBP
and adequate HBP were not statistically significant in all groups (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The adequate HBP obtained according to the 2016 ESGAR consensus statement could provide larger LPR and better lesions’ conspicuity than 10-
min HBP, especially for cirrhotic patients; however, the efficacy of using an LPR cutoff of 1.462 as the standard of the adequate HBP may be
compromised in patients with cirrhosis.
Gastrointestinal and Liver Histopathology in Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Geramizadeh Bita , Yazdanparast Maryam , Mahboobi Hamidreza
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives:

The COVID-19 pandemic, primarily affecting the res-piratory system, has raised questions about its impact on the gastrointestinal (GI) system and liver. Current literature highlights a knowledge gap in understanding the intricate effects of COVID-19 on these organs. This study aims to investigate gastrointestinal and liver histopathol-ogy in confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients.

Methodology:

A retrospective study was conducted in 2022, examining pathology slides from 37 COVID-19 patients at Namazi and Abu-Ali Sina hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. The sample pop-ulation comprised all of the cases (37 patients) with confirmed COVID-19 and any type of GI pathology sample for histopathology during the study period. Data included demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, and pathology findings.

Results:

The study revealed a diverse comorbidity landscape, with 45.9% having no comorbid-ities. Gastritis was prevalent (54.1%), accompanied by ulceration (8.1%) and mucosal edema (21.6%). Among the patients studied, four underwent liver biopsies. The pathological findings from these biopsies included cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic inflammation and fibro-sis, and microvesicular glycogenosis.

Conclusion:

Gastrointestinal and liver histopathologies in COVID-19 patients were heteroge-neous and nonspecific, possibly influenced by comorbidities. Given the potential of SARS-CoV-2 to infect the enterocytes and hepatocytes and the possible involvement of other factors, such as drugs, ischemia, or preexisting conditions, in the gastrointestinal and liver injury of COVID-19 patients, more research is warranted to better understand the pathogenesis and clin-ical implications of these findings.
Thermoelectric installation for lifting objects from shallow reservoirs using the freezing method
Authors: Evdulov O. V. , Evdulov D. V. , Gabitov I. A. , Yakhyaev M. U.
Published: October 2024

Objective. The purpose of the study is to develop the design of a thermoelectric installation for lifting objects from shallow reservoirs using the freezing method, as well as its calculation, analysis of parameters and electrical and thermophysical characteristics. Method. The research is based on the use of methods of thermodynamic analysis, full-scale and computational modeling of cryogenic equipment in order to find optimal solutions for the reliability and service life of low-temperature installations. Result. The installation includes a waterproof probe, on the end surface of which, facing the bottom of the reservoir, thermoelectric modules are installed, heat is removed from the hot junctions of which by means of a heat removal system made in the form of an all-metal heat pipe or in the form of a thermal thermosiphon. The connection between the object lifted from the reservoir and the thermoelectric installation is carried out through a cold wall by freezing. The thermoelectric installation was calculated and its parameters were determined. Graphs were constructed and dependencies were obtained describing the main characteristics of TEMs included in the thermoelectric installation. The graphs are presented at a temperature of the hot junctions of the TEM of 300 K and the achievement of such values of the thickness of frozen water ice on the cold wall of the technical device that would allow lifting objects from a reservoir up to 4 m deep. Conclusion. The installation parameters have been determined: the number of TEMs of the DRIFT-1.2 type is 8, the operating power range of a single TEM of the DRIFT-1.2 type is from 14 to 40 W with an average temperature difference between the junctions of 45 K, the supply current is from 3.8 to 7 .6 A with power consumption from 50 to 200 W, coefficient of performance - from 0.1 to 0.45, minimum temperature of the cold wall of the TU - 248 K, a domestically produced thermal thermosyphon is used as a heat removal system from the hot junctions of the TEM.
Methodological approach to quantitative assessment of the security of open operating systems AS of the Internal Affairs Bodies
Authors: Yangirov A. I. , Yangirov I. M. , Rogozin E. A. , Akhlyustin S. B.
Published: October 2024

Objective. The article considers the provisions of the fuzzy logic approach in relation to the method of quantifying the security of open operating systems (OS) of automated systems of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation (AS of the Russian Federation), taking into account possible security threats and the requirements of the standard GOST R ISO/IEC 15408 for leveling possible consequences. Information Message № 240/24/4893 dated October 18, 2016 «On Approval of Information Security Requirements for Operating Systems» of the FSTEC of Russia defines 6 OS security classes. Operating systems corresponding to protection classes 1, 2 and 3 are used in information (automated) systems in which information containing information constituting a state secret is processed, operating systems corresponding to protection classes 4, 5 and 6 are not intended for processing such information. In the presented study, the open operating systems of the AS of the Russian Federation are understood as OS AS, in which information containing information constituting a state secret is not processed. Method. The study was conducted based on the method of analyzing possible security threats to open operating systems, as well as the requirements of GOST R ISO/IEC 15408 standard, using the provisions of fuzzy logic. Result. The result of the automated system for calculating the security index of the analyzed open OS is one of the specified criteria for the degree of security of the OS, based on the provisions of fuzzy logic. Conclusion. The authors propose a method for assessing the security of open OS of the AS of the Russian Federation, based on the provisions of fuzzy logic.
Optimization of seismic insulation parameters of frame buildings using adaptive methods
Authors: Zainulabidova H. R.
Published: October 2024

Objective. The purpose of the work is to calculate frame buildings with flexible connections and with flexible and switch-off connections, to make recommendations for the use of seismic insulation methods depending on the characteristics of seismic events. Method. Development of an algorithm for calculating frame buildings of a frame structural system with seismic protection in buildings with flexible connections and with flexible and switchable connections Result. A method for calculating frame buildings of a frame structural system with seismic insulation in the form of flexible connections and flexible and switchable connections has been developed. A computer calculation program for seismically insulated and nonseismically insulated frame buildings in the Delphi 5.0 programming environment in the Object Pascal language using the Runge-Kutta numerical method of the 4th order for solving differential equations has been compiled Conclusion. It is determined that the construction of frame buildings with the seismic insulation methods considered in this paper, namely with flexible connections and with flexible connections and disconnecting connections, is not impractical for territories where long-period fluctuations are possible, due to the fact that excessively high deformations occur.
Method of cooling server rooms
Authors: Strashko E. I. , Shortsky I. A. , Zhlobo R. A.
Published: October 2024

Objective. In today's world, where the amount of data is growing every day, the importance of reliable and efficient data centers (DPCs) is becoming increasingly clear. One of the key aspects of maintaining data center availability and reliability is ensuring adequate cooling of server rooms. This scientific work is devoted to the study and analysis of various cooling techniques used in server rooms. Method. The study is based on thermodynamic analysis methods to optimize cooling systems to improve their efficiency and reduce energy consumption. Result. The work examines both traditional cooling systems and modern innovative solutions that improve cooling efficiency while reducing energy consumption. The authors compare different cooling methods, evaluate their advantages and disadvantages, and analyze the potential economic and environmental benefits of introducing advanced technologies into server room management practices. Conclusion. The choice of the optimal cooling method should take into account the specifics of the server equipment, thermal loads, room size and other factors. It is also important to pay attention to maintenance and selection of the optimal cooling system in accordance with the needs and characteristics of the server equipment.
Comparison of methods for modeling the gas-dynamic characteristics of high-pressure centrifugal compressors that ensure the operation of field low-temperature separation units using the example of a modification with a pressure ratio of up to 1.9...2.1
Authors: Vorontsov M. A. , Glazunov V. Yu. , Grachev A. S. , Mashtalir M. S. , Pospelov S. A. , Chernyshev A. V.
Published: October 2024

Objective. Currently, for the development of Valanginian and other deeplying (compared to the Cenomanian) deposits, low-temperature separation (LTS) units with turboexpander units (TDA) are used, and the booster compressor station (BCS) is one of the key technological facilities necessary to ensure the efficient operation of promising technologies for gas preparation using the NTS method with TDA turboexpander units for transport. The purpose of the study is to substantiate optimal operating modes, as well as to develop measures for the technological development of a booster compressor station based on the use of methods for modeling the operation of centrifugal compressors, gas pumping units and, directly, the booster compressor station. Method. The following methods were used: the method of reduced characteristics, the refined method of reduced characteristics, and the two-dimensional approximation method. The basis of the mathematical model of the research objects is the gas-dynamic characteristics of centrifugal compressors. Result. The results of a comparison of methods for modeling HDC (reduced characteristics method, refined method of reduced characteristics, two-parameter approximation method) of high-pressure pulp and paper mills are presented using the example of a pulp and paper mill with a pressure ratio of up to 1.9...2.1, intended for equipping gas compressor units with a unit power of 16.0 MW as part of field operations. DKS. An analysis and comparison of the obtained modeling results with actual data was carried out. Conclusion. The accuracy of the mathematical model of the GDC PPM as part of the field booster compressor stations that ensure the operation of NTS installations with TDA determines the accuracy of the assessment of energy consumption and the technical condition of the gas pumping units, as well as calculations of future operating modes of gas pumping equipment, which are carried out to solve a number of applied problems, including determining the timing of equipment modernization or reconstruction of the station.
Data caching technologies in modern microprocessors
Authors: Egunov V. A. , Shabalovsky V. A.
Published: October 2024

Objective. The study presented in the paper is aimed at studying the methods for improving the efficiency of software in modern computing systems with a hierarchical memory structure. Method. The study is based on data caching technologies in microprocessors. Result. The article presents the results of the analysis of various approaches to the development of efficient software taking into account the characteristics of the memory subsystem of the computing system, which made it possible to prove the importance of cache memory in improving the performance and interaction of computer components. Conclusion. Cache memory is a critical element in the architecture of microprocessors, playing a key role in determining the performance of the computing system. Optimizing the use of cache can significantly improve data access time and, as a result, overall system performance. Software developers need to pay special attention to the characteristics of the memory subsystem when designing and implementing solutions.
Migration Policy, Net Migration Rates, & The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of ASEAN Member States (2012 – 2022)
Authors: Velez Don Antonio , Del Rosario Lourdes Simone Anabieza , Juniega Jesselle Jean Dominguez , Hinautan Lolit Abegail Halasan , Ansale Danika Kaye Babanto
Published: October 2024

Over the past 10 years, the ASEAN region has experienced robust economic growth, driven by several factors including increasing foreign investment, growing domestic consumption, and favorable demographics. Statistics show that migration of workers make up a significant portion of the labor force in the ASEAN region. Asia has a long history of international migration, but in recent years it has grown in scope, diversity, and significance. Several factors have contributed to ASEAN's economic development, including government initiatives to improve the business environment, investment in infrastructure, and efforts to promote trade and regional economic integration. Migration-development discourse and existing studies recognize the potential role of migrants in boosting economic situations. The average annual growth rate of ASEAN's GDP was around 5% between 2011 and 2019, with some countries such as Vietnam and the Philippines growing at a much faster pace. Despite comprising only about 1.5% of the global economy, there is no denying that the contribution of countries like Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand is still highly significant in the context of East Asia. The objective of this study is to describe the intricate relationship between migration and domestic development. This paper took notes on the changes in ASEAN nations' immigration policies over the past ten years and observed how these have affected the patterns of net migration and economic performance. Understanding the linkages between migration and economic performance becomes crucial for understanding how sustainable development, social harmony, and long-term prosperity is affected by human movement.
Liminality in migration
Authors: Tereshchenko Oksana
Published: October 2024

The article addresses the issues of population migration, both planned and systematic, as well as uncontrolled and illegal, which have become an integral part of the existence of a globalized world. These processes serve as a vivid example of the blurring of borders and demonstrate the deepening interdependence of various factors and regions in the socio-economic, political, and cultural-spiritual spheres. Understanding migration processes, as multidirectional movements within the socio-cultural space of individuals and communities, driven by both objective and subjective reasons, is particularly important for Ukraine during the war with Russia, which has led to the displacement of numerous internally displaced persons, as well as the migration of millions of women and children beyond Ukraine's borders. The concept of liminality, especially in migration, is explained, explored, and philosophically substantiated, and how it influences migration processes in general, acculturation, and the adaptation of emigrants to foreign environments. It explores how this concept affects migration processes in general, acculturation, and the adaptation of emigrants to a foreign environment. The study looks into changes in micro- and macro-societies, the cultural environment of emigrants, and presents the author's concept of acquiring dual identity as one of the positive outcomes of the liminal state of emigrants. This concept suggests that quality integration into a foreign space can be achieved while preserving one's own national identity and gaining a new status as an immigrant. The article shows how the concept of "dual identity" helps emigrants or refugees overcome the liminal period during their integration into a foreign society.
Inequality as a challenge in the Western cultural and civilizational paradigm
Authors: Biryuk Maksym
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on the problem of social inequality in the Western cultural and civili-zational paradigm. It is noted that in the history of Western philosophy and culture, there have always been two different approaches to understanding inequality. The first path of elitism involved the apology for inequality, proposing ideas of aristocracy (inequality within a single society) or racial domination (inequality between peoples and civilizations). This phil-osophical tradition can be called traditional-authoritarian (Plato, Aristotle) or romantic-conservative (H. Chamberlain). The second way is egalitarian, which insists on creating a society built on the idea of equality (the philosophy of liberalism and Marxism). If representa-tives of the liberal wing of egalitarianism (Locke, Bentham) focus on the justification of a society of equal opportunities with an emphasis on natural human rights, the tradition of Marxism tends to consider social contradictions caused by inequality as antagonistic. There-fore, protest, revolution, rebellion become a specifically Western way of eradicating inequali-ty (Marx, Camus). At the same time, the article notes that the deep worldview basis of this way of solving the problem of inequality is the nihilistic nature of Western civilization, its "Faustian spirit" (Spengler).
Transit of Hindu Mythology: Role of Biographical Method in Multicultural Landscape
Authors: Ryzhik Maria , Golubovych Inna
Published: October 2024

The study offers a biographical examination of the “Ramayana,” an ancient Indian epic renowned not only for its cultural significance and literary eminence but also for its scrutiny within the framework of modern philosophical discourse that includes a biographical dimension. In the “Ramayana,” we trace how conventional cultural archetypes, such as devotion, justice, and love, are revealed through distinct biographical circumstances and narratives. In the epic, each character serves as a bearer of specific archetypal attributes and concepts, which reflect diverse facets of human nature and are also distinct symbols embodying virtues, devotion, love, morality, evil, etc. With the help of mythological plots through biographical practices, people identify themselves with the characters of myths. In recent decades, there has been a popularization of modern adaptations of the “Ramayana” across India. The emergence of “new Indian mythmaking” and the renewed perception of profound archetypes within Indian culture coincides with the growing expansion of biographical and pseudo-biographical content in mass media. The protagonists of epics serve as foundational elements for the biographical strategies embraced by modern audiences, playing an integral role in shaping the culture of modern India and determining specific options for constructing a life course. In this article, we have examined contemporary interpretations of the “Ramayana” by writers such as Kavita Kané, Amish Tripathi, and Devdutt Pattanaik. In the works of these authors, one observes a transformation in the biographies of characters, shifts in their conduct, and even depictions of their emotional states, all of which reflect modern socio-cultural realities. This philosophical turn, characterized by the fusion of ancient myths with modern realities, values, and reader expectations, leads to a rethinking of traditional images, as well as a cultural dialogue between the East and the West.
Międzypokoleniowa transmisja wartości i postaw w percepcji młodzieży studiującej w zachodniej Ukrainie i wschodniej Polsce
Authors: Szluz Beata , Myshyschyn Iryna
Published: October 2024

Podstawą empiryczną artykułu są wyniki badań przeprowadzonych wśród studentów w latach 2018-2019. Celem analizy jest poznanie opinii młodzieży studiującej we Lwowie i w Rzeszowie na temat międzypokoleniowej transmisji wartości i postaw. Sformułowany został problem badawczy: jak młodzież studiująca we wschodniej Polsce i w zachodniej Ukrainie postrzega międzypokoleniowy przekaz wartości i postaw? Podczas prowadzenia badań zastosowano metodę sondażową, technikę ankiety. Dobór celowy wyznaczały kryteria: narodowość, wiek, płeć, kierunek studiów.
Pierwszoplanową wartością, którą zinternalizowali studenci z przekazu matek jest miłość, uwidoczniło się też: pomaganie innym osobom, troska o bliskich. Matki polskich studentów ukształtowały u badanych postawę szacunku dla innych. Ukraińscy studenci uwewnętrznili przekazane przez matki: sprawiedliwość, patriotyzm i wolność, w odróżnieniu od polskich studentów, dla których te wartości i postawy okazały się w tym przekazie najmniej istotne. Ojcowie studentów formowali: pracowitość i dostatnie życie. Wybrzmiał kontekst realizowania funkcji ekonomicznej. W ojcowskiej transmisji ważnymi wartościami zdaniem polskich studentów były również: szacunek dla innych, miłość i uczciwość, która okazała się istotna również dla studentów ze Lwowa. Ukraińscy badani podkreślili, że ojcowie kształtowali ich szerokie horyzonty umysłowe. Dla tych studentów równie istotne były: uczciwość i sprawiedliwość. Studenci kształcący się we Lwowie jako najmniej doniosłą zgłosili religijność. Była ona częściej wpajana przez matki (nieco częściej ukraińskie) niż przez ojców (nieco częściej polskich). Otrzymane wyniki pokazują różnice w ocenie przekazu wartości i postaw ukraińskich oraz polskich matek i ojców.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes From 2009 to 2023: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Pappadis Monique R , Talley Kelli G , Garcia Patricia , Aguirre Caitlin R , Onwudebe Chinedu K , Smith Michelle , Lequerica Anthony H
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

In 2009, Gary and colleagues reviewed prior research examining racial and ethnic differences in outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Over the past 15 years, advances in research and changes in the demographic composition of the United States warrant a comprehensive understanding of racial and ethnic disparities after TBI.

OBJECTIVE

A systematic review will be conducted to examine racial and ethnic differences in TBI outcomes from 2009 to 2023.

METHODS

Preliminary searches and study screening processes will identify relevant English-language articles published from January 2009 to December 2023 using the CINAHL, Gale OneFile, PsycINFO (Ovid), and PubMed electronic databases. Relevant articles will include quantitative or mixed method approaches, involve individuals with TBI or their caregivers, and compare 2 or more groups by race or ethnicity on post-TBI outcomes. Quality will be assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. This systematic review protocol was developed following PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) guidelines. Results will be summarized, and a subgroup analysis may be conducted based on demographics (eg, age, gender, or sex).

RESULTS

We have already identified abstracts using the search strategy for all 4 of the included electronic databases. We recently updated the search and will begin abstract screening of the additional abstracts identified from the last search completed in January 2024. This systematic review is anticipated to be completed by fall 2024, and its findings will be disseminated to the scientific community, persons with TBI, caregivers, and the lay audience.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review will advance our understanding regarding outcome disparities among minoritized individuals with TBI, examine progress over the past 15 years in minimizing barriers encountered by these racial and ethnic groups, and provide professionals with a roadmap illustrating existing gaps in rehabilitation care, making way for further development and implementation of evidence-based interventions to improve health equity in TBI outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42023394529; https://tinyurl.com/53mtcz9b

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/58763
Code error in Wang H, Avillach P. “Diagnostic Classification and Prognostic Prediction Using Common Genetic Variants in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Genotype-Based Deep Learning.” (Preprint)
Authors: Miller Catriona , Portlock Theo , Nyaga Denis M , Gamble Greg D , O'Sullivan Justin M
Published: October 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

n/a