bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TIPINIŲ NUOGULŲ IR ŽEMĖNAUDOS ĮTAKA UPĖS BASEINO PAVIRŠINIO VANDENS KOKYBEI
Authors: Burneikienė Vilma , Litvinaitis Andrius
Published: November 2016

Vandens ištekliai yra be galo svarbus kiekvienos šalies gamtos turtas, todėl juos privaloma racionaliai naudoti ir saugoti nuo taršos. Norint prognozuoti upių vandens būklę, reikia įvertinti vandens kokybės kaitą. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama upių paviršinio vandens kokybė įvertinant žemėnaudų bei nuogulų sklaidą baseine. Norint nusakyti nuogulų bei žemėnaudų įtaką upės baseino paviršinio vandens kokybei, buvo pasirinkta upė Jusinė. Siekiant įvertinti tipinių nuogulų ir žemėnaudos įtaką Jusinės paviršinio vandens kokybei, buvo sudaryti nuogulų ir žemėnaudų sklaidos upės baseine žemėlapiai ir atlikti natūriniai tyrimai (amonio (NH₄), nitratų (NO₃) ir fosfatų (PO₄)). Atlikus analizę nustatyta, kad žemėnaudų ir nuogulų plotuose, kuriuose vyrauja spygliuočių ir lapuočių miškai ir smėlio nuogulos, fosfatų koncentracijos kelis kartus didesnės (vietomis net trisdešimt penkis kartus) negu kitų tipų plotuose. Vietovėse, kur vyrauja dirbami laukai ir pievos, pastebimas amonio koncentracijos padidėjimas. Plotuose, kur vyrauja pelkės ir durpynai, dėl nuogulų tipo mažesnė nitratų koncentracija, o plotuose, kuriuose dominuoja pievos ir dirbami laukai, – nitratų koncentracija didėja. Nustatyta, kad nitratų koncentracijų didėjimą lemia tręšiami laukai.
STRATOSFEROS-TROPOSFEROS SĄVEIKOS ĮTAKA ŠALČIO ANOMALIJŲ FORMAVIMUISI RYTINIAME BALTIJOS REGIONE
Authors: Gečaitė Indrė
Published: November 2016

Esant anomaliems / ekstremaliems šalčiams iškyla pavojus žmonių sveikatai ir gyvybei, taip pat tai turi neigiamos įtakos transportui, komunikacijoms, turizmui bei kitoms veiklos sritims. Šiame darbe pateikiama anomalių šalčio periodų pasikartojimo statistika 1951–2013 m. rytiniame Baltijos regione bei įvertintas atmosferos cirkuliacijos tipų dažnis jų metu. Nustatyta, jog vyraujant šalčio anomalijoms daug dažnesnis anticikloninės cirkuliacijos pasikartojimas ir rytų krypties pernaša. Tokio pobūdžio meteorologinės sąlygos taip pat turi didelės įtakos oro kokybei: anticiklonai bei jų gūbriai ties didmiesčiais su didele taršos šaltinių koncentracija gali padidinti bendrą oro užterštumą. Akivaizdu, jog intensyvių šalčių periodų ilgalaikių prognozių tobulinimas labai pasitarnautų tiek socialiniam, tiek ekonominiam bei energetikos sektoriui, iš anksto įgyvendinant prevencines priemones.

Šio darbo tikslas – nustatyti galimą stratosferos-troposferos sąveikos mechanizmą, kuris prisidėtų sprendžiant ilgalaikių žiemos orų prognozių tobulinimo problemą bei leistų tiksliau įvertinti galimus orų pokyčius iš mėnesio perspektyvos. Darbe įvertinti trijų dimensijų aukštyneigiai ir žemyneigiai planetinio masto bangų dinaminiai srautai tarp troposferos ir stratosferos bei jų divergencija horizontalioje plokštumoje. Skaičiavimai atlikti naudojant modelį, kuris sudarytas remiantis R. A. Plumbo pasiūlytu algoritmu.
ASSESSMENT OF ADVERSE METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR DISPERSION OF POLLUTANTS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR OF CHERKASSY CITY
Authors: Khrystoslavenko Olga , Chemerys Ingrida
Published: November 2016

Nowadays there is a tendency towards increasing of anthropogenic pollution in the atmospheric air in the large cities. Therefore, important measures have to be taken for the improvement of the atmospheric environment. In order to optimize the quality of air in the city and reduce emissions from stationary and mobile sources, it is important to predict of the state of the atmospheric air of the city, which is based on the analysis of the characteristics of adverse weather conditions conducive to the accumulation of harmful impurity in a lower (ground) layer of air. The paper identifies and analyzes the conditions in the Cherkassy city (Ukraine) for the period of 2011–2015, provides correlation and regression analysis of air pollution index with adverse weather conditions (the multiple correlation coefficient R = 0.55–0.87). The current research shows that the maximum number of days with adverse weather conditions is in autumn (77.20±4,96) and the lowest number is in spring (58.60±4.40), the greatest number of days matching several adverse weather conditions were found in January and October (4.80±0.20 and 4.60±0.24, respectively). Recommendations to reduce the content of harmful impurities in the atmospheric air of the city are suggested.
DEGALINIŲ PAVIRŠINIŲ NUOTEKŲ TARŠA SKENDINČIOSIOMIS MEDŽIAGOMIS IR NAFTOS PRODUKTAIS
Authors: Meškauskaitė Laura , Marčiulaitienė Eglė
Published: November 2016

Straipsnyje pateikiama 19-os degalinių, esančių Vilniaus mieste, paviršinių nuotekų tyrimų rezultatai 2014–2015 metų laikotarpiu. Mėginiai buvo imami 4 kartus per metus, taikomas tarptautinis standartas – ISO 5667-10:1992. Geografinė padėtis pavaizduota 1 pav. Tiriami komponentai: pH, BDS7, ChDScr, skendinčios medžiagos, naftos produktai, bei permanganato indeksas. Nustatyta priklausomybė tarp paviršinių nuotekų teršalų kiekių ir kritulių kiekių, degalinių įrengimo vietos, įrenginių eksploatacijos trukmės. Esant didesniam kritulių kiekiui ir didesniam degalinės plotui, didėja paviršinių nuotekų kiekis. Kuo valymo įrenginys ilgiau naudojamas, tuo labiau didėja tikimybė, jog teršalų kiekis didės.
GELEŽINKELIŲ SKLEIDŽIAMO AKUSTINIO TRIUKŠMO MAŽINIMO PRIEMONIŲ EFEKTYVUMAS
Authors: Tumavičė Aja , Laurinavičius Alfredas
Published: November 2016

Siekiant užtikrinti geležinkelių plėtrą bei jų patrauklumą aplinkiniams, reikia siekti, kad geležinkelių skleidžiamo akustinio triukšmo poveikis aplinkai būtų kuo mažesnis. Pagrindinis geležinkelio skleidžiamo triukšmo šaltinis yra riedėjimo triukšmas, kuris didžiąja dalimi kyla dėl rato / bėgio sąveikos. Straipsnyje pateiktos galimos triukšmo mažinimo priemonės ir tikėtini jų akustiniai efektyvumai. Taip pat pateikta ir kitų kriterijų, kuriais reikėtų vadovautis tam, kad įvertinus vietines sąlygas būtų galima parinkti optimaliausią triukšmo mažinimo priemonę.
ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS OF LANDSCAPE CHANGE IN MOSAIC TYPE LANDSCAPE: A CASE STUDY OF VIDZEME, LATVIA
Authors: Vinogradovs Ivo , Nikodemus Oļģerts , Tabors Guntis , Krūze Imants , Elferts Didzis
Published: November 2016

Landscape change has been extensively documented throughout rural Europe over the past decades. The dominating
tendencies are intensification of agriculture and land marginalization. In territories of former USSR radical land use
changes have shattered rural landscape structure throughout the 20th century, which in many cases have led to land marginalization
in form of abandonment of agricultural lands and subsequent uncontrolled afforestation. This process is especially
evident in mosaic type landscapes – landscapes of small intertwining structure of patches of agricultural land and forests.
The paper presents the results of the study based on application of multinomial logistic regression and cross-analysis using
binary logistic regression in R of important physical factors of landscape structure such as land quality, soil texture, slope,
as well as land use patch size. Additionally certain human induced factors such as distance to closest paved road, cadastral
plot size and availability of Single Area Payments are added for more accurate assessment of the driving forces of landscape
change and possible vectors for supplementary studies. Data was gathered in intensive field surveys combined with
analysis of high quality remotely sensed data. Results show strong interrelationship of several analyzed factors and thus
calls for attention to further development of methodology.
DIFFUSIVE COSMIC RAY ACCELERATION AT RELATIVISTIC SHOCK WAVES WITH MAGNETOSTATIC TURBULENCE. II. INFLUENCE OF A FINITE DOWNSTREAM MEDIUM
Authors: Antecki T. , Schlickeiser R. , Krakau S.
Published: November 2016

The diffusive acceleration of relativistic cosmic rays at parallel shock waves with magnetostatic turbulence and a finite size of the downstream medium is investigated. For ultrarelativistic shock speeds with Lorentz factor

, both the differential momentum spectrum at the shock and the volume-integrated momentum spectrum are power-law distribution functions with different spectral indices as compared to the case of an infinitely extended downstream medium. However, the spectral differences are only modest as compared to the case of nonrelativistic shocks. The behavior of the momentum spectrum of shock-accelerated particles depends sensitively on the relativistic shock wave Peclet number

, i.e., the ratio between the diffusion and convection timescales of cosmic rays to propagate from the shock position to the downstream boundary z
0. For large values of

the free-escape boundary has no influence on the effectiveness of particle acceleration, still providing a flat momentum power-law spectrum of the accelerated particles. In the opposite case of small Peclet numbers

at all momenta, the momentum spectrum at the shock steepens to the greater spectral index

, whereas the volume-integrated momentum spectrum flattens by the same factor

for its power-law spectral index, where s denotes the spectral index of the downstream power spectrum of magnetostatic turbulence. This effectiveness of relativistic shocks in generating flat power-law momentum spectra irrespective of the Peclet number

differs completely from the behavior of nonrelativistic shocks.
MODEL ATMOSPHERES FOR X-RAY BURSTING NEUTRON STARS
Authors: Medin Zach , Steinkirch Marina von , Calder Alan C. , Fontes Christopher J. , Fryer Chris L. , Hungerford Aimee L.
Published: November 2016

The hydrogen and helium accreted by X-ray bursting neutron stars is periodically consumed in runaway thermonuclear reactions that cause the entire surface to glow brightly in X-rays for a few seconds. With models of the emission, the mass and radius of the neutron star can be inferred from the observations. By simultaneously probing neutron star masses and radii, X-ray bursts (XRBs) are one of the strongest diagnostics of the nature of matter at extremely high densities. Accurate determinations of these parameters are difficult, however, due to the highly non-ideal nature of the atmospheres where XRBs occur. Observations from X-ray telescopes such as RXTE and NuStar can potentially place strong constraints on nuclear matter once uncertainties in atmosphere models have been reduced. Here we discuss current progress on modeling atmospheres of X-ray bursting neutron stars and some of the challenges still to be overcome.
THE SPECTRAL SN-GRB CONNECTION: SYSTEMATIC SPECTRAL COMPARISONS BETWEEN TYPE Ic SUPERNOVAE AND BROAD-LINED TYPE Ic SUPERNOVAE WITH AND WITHOUT GAMMA-RAY BURSTS
Authors: Modjaz Maryam , Liu Yuqian Q. , Bianco Federica B. , Graur Or
Published: November 2016

We present the first systematic investigation of spectral properties of 17 Type Ic Supernovae (SNe Ic), 10 broad-lined SNe Ic (SNe Ic-bl) without observed gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and 11 SNe Ic-bl with GRBs (SN-GRBs) as a function of time in order to probe their explosion conditions and progenitors. Using a number of novel methods, we analyze a total of 407 spectra, which were drawn from published spectra of individual SNe as well as from the densely time-sampled spectra of Modjaz et al (2014). In order to quantify the diversity of the SN spectra as a function of SN subtype, we construct average spectra of SNe Ic, SNe Ic-bl without GRBs, and SNe Ic-bl with GRBs. We find that SN 1994I is not a typical SN Ic, contrasting the general view, while the spectra of SN 1998bw/GRB 980425 are representative of mean spectra of SNe Ic-bl. We measure the ejecta absorption and width velocities using a new method described here and find that SNe Ic-bl with GRBs, on average, have quantifiably higher absorption velocities, as well as broader line widths than SNe without observed GRBs. In addition, we search for correlations between SN-GRB spectral properties and the energies of their accompanying GRBs. Finally, we show that the absence of clear He lines in optical spectra of SNe Ic-bl, and in particular of SN-GRBs, is not due to them being too smeared-out due to the high velocities present in the ejecta. This implies that the progenitor stars of SN-GRBs are probably free of the He-layer, in addition to being H-free, which puts strong constraints on the stellar evolutionary paths needed to produce such SN-GRB progenitors at the observed low metallicities.
UNIVERSE IN A BLACK HOLE IN EINSTEIN–CARTAN GRAVITY
Authors: Popławski Nikodem
Published: November 2016

The conservation law for the angular momentum in curved spacetime, consistent with relativistic quantum mechanics, requires that the antisymmetric part of the affine connection (torsion tensor) is a variable in the principle of least action. The coupling between the spin of elementary particles and torsion in the Einstein–Cartan theory of gravity generates gravitational repulsion at extremely high densities in fermionic matter, approximated as a spin fluid, and thus avoids the formation of singularities in black holes. The collapsing matter in a black hole should therefore bounce at a finite density and then expand into a new region of space on the other side of the event horizon, which may be regarded as a nonsingular, closed universe. We show that quantum particle production caused by an extremely high curvature near a bounce can create enormous amounts of matter, produce entropy, and generate a finite period of exponential expansion (inflation) of this universe. This scenario can thus explain inflation without a scalar field and reheating. We show that, depending on the particle production rate, such a universe may undergo several nonsingular bounces until it has enough matter to reach a size at which the cosmological constant starts cosmic acceleration. The last bounce can be regarded as the big bang of this universe.
REVERSED TREND OF RADIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SUBPOPULATIONS IN THE GLOBULAR CLUSTERS NGC 362 AND NGC 6723
Authors: Lim Dongwook , Lee Young-Wook , Pasquato Mario , Han Sang-Il , Roh Dong-Goo
Published: November 2016

Most globular clusters (GCs) are now known to host multiple stellar populations with different abundances of light elements. Here we use narrow-band photometry and low-resolution spectroscopy for NGC 362 and NGC 6723 to investigate their chemical properties and radial distributions of subpopulations. We confirm that NGC 362 and NGC 6723 are among the GCs with multiple populations showing bimodal CN distribution and CN–CH anticorrelation without a significant spread in calcium abundance. These two GCs show more centrally concentrated CN-weak, earlier generation stars compared to the CN-strong, later generation stars. These trends are reversed with respect to those found in previous studies for many other GCs. Our findings, therefore, seem contradictory to the current scenario for the formation of multiple stellar populations, but mass segregation acting on the two subpopulations might be a possible solution to explain this reversed radial trend.
Le corps de la honte
Authors: Birraux Annie
Published: November 2016

Le Professeur Anne Birraux traitera de la honte et de la manière dont elle a paralysé la vie d’une patiente jusqu’à ce qu’elle demande de l’aide. Son propos, à partir de trois séquences de sa psychothérapie, tentera de mettre en évidence les effets inhibants d’une honte éprouvée dans l’enfance et que l’après-coup de la puberté a réactivée. Il s’agit aussi d’une réflexion sur le caractère blessant et tyrannique du moi idéal qui dans ce cas assure la fonction du surmoi.
Y a-t-il une légitimité pour une thérapeutique de l’unité ?
Authors: Bensoussan Maurice
Published: November 2016

L’adéquation de la réponse thérapeutique du psychiatre à la demande du patient peut fréquemment se poser en psychiatrie, en particulier lorsqu’il est question de chercher à comprendre une pathologie au-delà de la considérer comme un dérèglement à corriger. Mais cette ambition à proposer des liens, peut tendre à de véritables malentendus dès qu’il est question de penser l’unité, en intégrant dans l’approche thérapeutique les affections organiques du patient. Elles ne sont plus alors considérées comme de simples comorbidités. À partir de moments d’une prise en charge, nous questionnerons la légitimité d’une thérapeutique de l’unité, intégrant différents registres thérapeutiques, ouvrant vers des changements à mesure que la récupération du souvenir perdu des rêves s’opère.
Deuil et dépression : temporalité et onirothérapie
Authors: Sibony Daniel
Published: November 2016

Cette observation porte sur un état de dépression a priori que la problématique du deuil va complexifier. Dans ce cas, la dépression a priori est issue d’une situation d’impasse relationnelle précoce que la mise en avant d’une caractéropathie se charge de masquer. Ce fonctionnement caractériel a pour but de détacher le sujet de l’imaginaire onirique (le rêve) et de ses formes équivalentes au sein de la conscience vigile. Le désintérêt pour l’imaginaire en soi est remplacé par une dépendance à l’objet unique qui devient le sujet unique. L’autre idéalisé devient le seul cadre de référence y compris sur le plan spatio-temporel. Le refoulement d’origine caractériel trouve ici ses limites dans l’expérience du deuil, le corps jusque-là vécu de façon fonctionnelle se trouve dépendant de l’autre pour exister, soulignant par là même un trouble de l’identité de soi qui entrave le processus de deuil et lui-même entrave l’accès au sujet. L’espace et le temps au lieu d’être une création constituée par le corps en tant que schéma de représentation (haut-bas, droite-gauche, devant-derrière, dedans-dehors) est remplacé par un cadre de référence qui s’applique de l’extérieur sans le corps ou en contrariant le corps, particulièrement à travers ce cas où l’impasse relationnelle est aussi inhérente à une impasse de nature temporelle. Le champ qu’explore l’onirothérapie s’emploiera dans un premier temps à libérer l’imaginaire dans toute l’étendue de ses manifestations, en considérant les liens existants avec le réel pour permettre l’intégration du relationnel entre l’espace de rêve et l’espace de réalité afin de permettre dans un deuxième temps une confrontation du conflit et sa possible résolution ou transformation. Dans cette deuxième partie onirothérapeutique, les processus d’individuation et de différenciation vont se poursuivre à l’aide de cette pratique thérapeutique et vont permettre progressivement au sujet l’accès à un corps devenant Schéma de Représentation.
Sacrificios caninos en las Jándicas: una hipótesis sobre el culto a Enodia en el ejército macedonio
Authors: Agudo Villanueva Mario
Published: November 2016

El descuartizamiento de una perra como ceremonia de purificación previa a un combate ritual que el ejército macedonio celebraba en las Jándicas podría tener relación con el culto a la diosa Enodia, una diosa equivalente a Hécate en el entorno cultural tesalio y macedonio. A partir de los testimonios de las fuentes históricas y de los restos arqueológicos, se trata de probar esta hipótesis, en la que se plantea la posibilidad de que este ritual fuera incorporado con los contingentes tesalios que Filipo II introdujo en el ejército macedonio en el contexto de la profunda reforma militar que implantó al llegar al poder.
Roma en Sardinia a comienzos del siglo II A. C.: La campaña de Tiberio Graco el Mayor
Authors: Llamazares Martín Andoni
Published: November 2016

Sardinia fue uno de los primeros espacios en los que la República Romana implantó el sistema de provinciae, lo cual no significa que Roma consiguiera un control efectivo sobre la isla. A pesar de su conquista temprana, Cerdeña fue foco de constantes revueltas durante siglos, incluso en época imperial. Sin embargo, fueron pocos los generales de envergadura que hicieron frente a dichos conflictos. Entre esos pocos hombres, en las etapas iniciales del dominio romano sobresale sin ninguna duda Tiberio Graco el Mayor, padre de los famosos tribunos de la plebe, que en calidad de cónsul consiguió pacificar la isla durante su campaña (177-175 a. C.). Si tenemos en cuenta que las dotes políticas de Graco fueron más admiradas que sus cualidades militares, podemos concluir que sus habilidades como reformador, administrador y diplomático resultaron claves para conseguir el éxito en Sardinia, donde las revueltas parecen tener un componente económico.
“Cruzando aceros”. El comercio de espadas entre España e Italia en los siglos XVI y XVII
Authors: Girón Pascual Rafael M.
Published: November 2016

Este artículo analiza el comercio de espadas entre España e Italia en los siglos XVI y XVII, por medio del estudio de dos de las rutas comerciales utilizadas por las redes mercantiles europeas, a partir de dos fuentes inéditas localizadas en el Archivio di Stato di Firenze y del Archivo Histórico de Protocolos de Granada. En primer lugar analizaremos la importación de espadas a través del puerto de Livorno, puerto de Florencia y la Toscana, desde los puertos de Cádiz y Alicante, entre otros. En segundo lugar nos centraremos en la importación de espadas italianas, que llevaron a cabo en Granada ciertas compañías comerciales genovesas. Estos mercaderes abastecieron a los espaderos granadinos —unos grandes desconocidos por la historiografía— de “hojas de espada” italianas de Milán, Brescia, Serravalle y Génova.
Teatro en Lausana
Authors: Maillard M.
Published: November 2016

Después de sucesivas deliberaciones sobre la adaptación de los locales permanentes de la feria suiza —Comptoir Suisse—, a fines más prácticos y continuos en el tiempo se decidió adoptar como solución el crear en el centro del conjunto un teatro —el teatro de Beaulieu—, respecto al cual debían de armonizarse todos los demás locales.
Las presas más altas del mundo: comparación entre espesores suizos y americanos
Authors: Holmes W. H.
Published: November 2016

En el número 73 de esta revista se publicó un artículo dedicado a la presa de Grande Dixence, obra tipo gravedad, que, por su altura —281 m—, será, una vez terminada, la mayor del mundo.
Navegación y aprovechamiento hidroeléctrico del Río San Lorenzo
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: November 2016

Descripción de las obras más importantes que constituyen el gran proyecto de mejora para la navegación y aprovechamiento hidroeléctrico del rio San Lorenzo en el tramo comprendido entre Ogdensburg, del estado de Nueva York, y Cornwall, del de Ontario (Canadá). El plazo previsto para la terminación de estas obras cumplirá al final del año 1959, pero se empezará a generar energía eléctrica en septiembre de 1958. El presupuesto previsto para la realización total del proyecto se eleva a 600 millones de dólares, y la potencia que ha de instalarse es de aproximadamente 1.880.000 kW.
Nomograna para determinar los plazos de desencofrado
Authors: Muñoz Martialay Rafael
Published: November 2016

Nomograma que permite determinar, de una manera rápida y sencilla, los plazos mínimos que deben mantenerse los encofrados de los distintos elementos de una estructura, en función de la temperatura media, de las cargas que actúan sobre el elemento y de la resistencia del hormigón utilizado en la construcción.
Hipertensão arterial em profissionais que atuam em unidades de saúde: reconhecimento, tratamento, controle e fatores de risco
Authors: Benite-Ribeiro Sanda Aparecida , Ferreira dos Santos Kassila Conceição , Da Silva Kelvia Donato
Published: November 2016

Os objetivos do presente estudo foram averiguar a prevalência da hipertensão arterial, os fatores associados, o conhecimento e os cuidados à saúde de profissionais que trabalham em unidades de saúde, em relação à hipertensão arterial e aos fatores associados. O estudo foi do tipo transversal, com 172 profissionais de unidades de saúde de ambos os gêneros. A prevalência de hipertensão e de fatores associados foi investigada por meio de questionários e de medidas antropométricas e da pressão arterial. Os testes utilizados foram Qui-quadrado, Mann Withney e Correlação de Spearman (P<0,05). A prevalência da hipertensão arterial foi de 35,7% nos homens, de 25% nas mulheres e aumentou com a idade. Observou-se que 76% reconheciam a doença, 56% estavam em tratamento e 65% controlavam a hipertensão. Os principais fatores associados foram: histórico familiar de hipertensão (72,7%), obesidade (40,1%), sedentarismo (64,5%), inadequação alimentar (94,3%) e excesso de massa corporal (50%). A prevalência, o reconhecimento e o controle da hipertensão foram similares ao de outras populações que não atuam em locais de cuidados à saúde, enquanto o tratamento foi superior. Apesar do local de trabalho da população estudada, os fatores modificáveis associados à hipertensão arterial foram elevados, nomeadamente os hábitos alimentares inadequados e o sedentarismo. Destacou-se também o alto índice de excesso de massa corporal, de gordura central e o controle ineficiente da hipertensão desta população.
AVALIAÇÃO CLÍNICO-GENGIVAL DE DIFERENTES ESCOVAS DENTAIS
Authors: Garcia Cassiana Jorge , Amaral Marcelo Augusto , Cimardi Ana Claudia Baladelli Silva
Published: November 2016

O biofilme dental é considerado um agente determinante para o desenvolvimento da cárie dentária e periodontopatias. É necessário realizar seu controle periodicamente e a forma mais eficaz é por meio da escovação e uso de fio dental. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram avaliar a redução de biofilme dental e o estado da mucosa gengival, além de verificar a preferência dos pesquisados na utilização de três diferentes escovas dentais manuais. Foram selecionados dez participantes de ambos os gêneros, de acordo com critérios de inclusão e exclusão. O estudo foi realizado na Clínica Odontológica da UniCesumar, por um período de noventa dias, com encontros mensais para análise do Índice de Placa Bacteriana (IPB) e o Índice Gengival Modificado (IGM), inicial e final para ambos os índices e correspondentes ao tipo de escova utilizada. Foram distribuídas três escovas por participante, sendo uma a cada mês. Após análise das médias e desvio-padrão do IPB, observou-se diferença nos valores dos mesmos, as escovas A (0,54±0,15) e C (0,54±0,07) que possuíam cerdas macias apresentaram resultados semelhantes, e a escova B (0,50±0,14) que possuía cerdas médias, apresentou um resultado inferior quando comparado às escovas A, C e ao momento inicial (0,57±0,14). Porém, a escova B (1,56±0,53) apresentou um IGM superior, comparando-se aos valores das escovas A (1,05±0,44) e C (1,26±0,43). Em relação ao IPB, houve diferença significativa quando se comparou o momento inicial com a escova B (p=0,05). Para o IGM, as três escovas avaliadas apresentaram diferenças significativas, quando comparadas ao momento inicial (p=0,018, p=0,002 e p=0,018 respectivamente). A preferência das escovas está relacionada à remoção da placa e a maciez das cerdas (89%). Assim, as disposições das cerdas das escovas dentais manuais influenciaram na escolha da escova ideal. O profissional da Odontologia deve informar e educar o paciente quanto ao melhor tipo de escova dental e a técnica de escovação a ser utilizada, para que haja a prevenção de doenças e a motivação para manutenção da saúde bucal.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DAS PLANTAS MEDICINAIS NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA: OFICINAS DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Meyer Albiero Adriana Lenita , Pereira Aline Veloso de Godoi
Published: November 2016

Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, cerca de 80% da população faz uso de plantas medicinais para fins de tratamento, cura e prevenção de doenças, contudo é importante lembrar que tais drogas vegetais não estão isentas de provocarem efeitos colaterais em seus usuários. O uso indiscriminado e sem orientação pode levar a severos danos ao organismo, sem mencionar a prática da automedicação que é igualmente nocivaà saúde. Este trabalhoteve como objetivo desenvolver ações com a fim de modificar este quadro, capacitando Agentes Comunitários de Saúde de equipes ligadas a cinco Unidades Básicas de Saúdes do município de Maringá/PR, para o reconhecimento e uso correto de plantas medicinais. Foram realizados encontros e discussões sobre o uso de plantas na comunidade, elaborados material instrucional, realizadas oficinas de aprendizagem em que os agentes treinaram os modos de preparo mais utilizados popularmente e também visitas ao Museu Dinâmico Interdisciplinar da UEM, a fim de complementar a formação desses trabalhadores.Quinze encontros foram realizados, com o total de 202 participantes sendo estes os agentes comunitários de saúde, as farmacêuticas do Núcleo de Apoio a Saúde da Família e outros profissionais que compõe as equipes. Nesses encontros, 191 nomes populares de plantas medicinais foram mencionados, destes, 65 plantas foram valorizados e apresentados aos participantes do trabalho. Ações como esta, visam a capacitação do profissional da atenção básica a lidar com esse tema tão frequente nas comunidades, a fim de que possam atuar como um agente multiplicador das informações recebidas.
CONHECIMENTO DAS GESTANTES SOBRE A HIGIENE BUCAL DOS BEBÊS EM CIDADES DA REGIÃO OESTE DO PARANÁ, BRASIL, 2013
Authors: Lazzarin Helen Cristina
Published: November 2016

O período da gravidez é o momento ideal para que as atividades preventivas sejam realizadas, pois nesse momento os pais estão mais motivados para obter informações e realizar cuidados com a saúde. O estudo foi realizado com 250 gestantes com condições socioeconômicas diferentes de algumas cidades da região oeste do Paraná. Participaram desta pesquisa apenas as mães que aceitaram responder às perguntas por livre e espontânea vontade, consentindo em sua participação verbalmente e por meio da assinatura do termo de consentimento. Para tanto, foi elaborado um questionário contendo 8 questões objetivas relacionadas a conhecimentos e práticas em saúde bucal. Ao analisar os dados obtidos, percebeu-se que muitas das gestantes e puérperas questionadas ainda desconhecem os cuidados odontológicos que devem ser dispensados aos bebês e algumas mães associam a necessidade de higiene bucal à presença de dentes. Concluiu-se que existe a necessidade de se implantar práticas voltadas em educação à higiene oral do bebê, necessitando então de profissionais da odontologia juntamente aos profissionais que participam do período do pré-natal das gestantes nesta região. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a percepção das mães, durante e após a gestação, sobre os cuidados com a saúde bucal de seus filhos.
1º Simpósio de História Natural do Terceiro Planalto Paranaense 05 de outubro a 18 de dezembro de 2015, Maringá (PR)
Authors: Vidotti Ana Paula
Published: November 2016

1º Simpósio de História Natural do Terceiro Planalto Paranaense05 de outubro a 18 de dezembro de 2015, Maringá (PR)
CILIADOS (PROTISTA: CILIOPHORA) NA AVALIAÇÃO DE IMPACTOS EM RIACHOS NEOTROPICAIS
Authors: Garcia Andressa Maria Bastos , Velho Luiz Felipe Machado , Mendes Poliana Maria Sachertt , Lansac-Toha Fábio Amodêo
Published: November 2016

Os riachos e rios fazem parte de uma porção da água doce que pode ser utilizada para abastecimento e desenvolvimento das atividades humanas por estarem intimamente ligados ao ambiente terrestre ao seu redor, podendo sofrer grandes influências antrópicas. Organismos afetados por essas atividades, tanto nas cidades, como no campo, são chamados de bioindicadores, dependendo do seu estilo de vida e comportamento. Os protozoários ciliados são um dos grupos de bioindicadores em ascensão, por sua alta sensibilidade a pequenas variações do ambiente. Assim, diante dos impactos da urbanização investigou-se o potencial bioindicador dos protistas ciliados em riachos tropicais e a demora no avanço das pesquisas, devido às dificuldades na identificação desses organismos
Experimental Study on the Flexural Behavior of Hollow Core Concrete Slabs
Authors: Prakashan L.V. , George Jessymol , Edayadiyil Jeena B. , George Jerin M.
Published: November 2016

Hollow core concrete slabs have many advantages over the conventional solid concrete slabs. The flexural behavior of this type of slabs have not been investigated in detail in the past. The study here addressed this issue by conducting experimental study of four different hollow core concrete slabs along with a solid concrete slab as a control specimen. The load deflection curves were obtained along with the failure load and deflection at the first crack. The effectiveness of the conventional flexural capacity equation in predicting the capacity of hollow core slabs was evaluated. The results from the experimental study were also utilized to do a comparative study among the specimens studied. The study concluded that the conventional flexural strength equation can be used for hollow core slabs too and they have better performance than solid concrete slabs both in terms of load - deflection behavior and serviceability.
Interaction of Blast Load on AASHTO Girder Bridge
Authors: Nikhil G. , Narayanan N.I.
Published: November 2016

Guidelines of blast resistant design for AASHTO girder bridges have not taken up much importance on researches. As the transportation infrastructure mainly bridges are highly vulnerable for bomb attack, they must be designed to resist it. The analysis and design of bridges subjected to blast load requires a detailed understanding of blast propagation and its dynamic effects on various structural elements. The response of bridge components subjected to blast load is carried out using Abaqus explicit finite element software. The bridge is modeled on the basis of AASHTO-LRFD bridge design specification for highway bridges. Blast load has been introduced on different critical location of the bridge to understand their effects on various structural elements and extent of damage. A thorough parametric study varying standoff distance and TNT mass is done to understand their importance in developing a blast resistant design for AASHTO Girder Bridge. The study concludes that the value of maximum displacement decreases with the increase in standoff distance.
Pushover Analysis of Buildings Considering Soil-Structure Interaction
Authors: Joy P.V. , Kuriakose Bennet , Mathew Mini
Published: November 2016

Structural vulnerability of buildings to damage needs to be identified during the time of earthquake for reliable seismic design. Conventional linear elastic design methods cease to predict seismic damages in buildings. Pushover analysis is a popular displacement-based nonlinear structural analysis procedure employed to predict the seismic behaviour of structures. Generally, buildings are designed based on the assumption that they are fixed at their base, without considering the foundation as well as soil. But in reality, when a structure is subjected to an earthquake excitation, it interacts with the soil, influencing the structural response. In this study, a multi-bay building with different heights are modelled and analysed, duly considering Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI). The study can form foundation for rigorous performance-based seismic design procedure, considering the effect of soil beneath the structure.
Regression Modelling for Prediction of Construction Cost and Duration
Authors: Thomas Nivea , Thomas Anu V.
Published: November 2016

Construction investments are sensitive to time and cost overruns. Delay and cost escalation are considered two threats to project success. The project objective is to develop a model to predict project cost and duration based on historical data of similar projects. Statistical regression models are developed using real data of building projects. The methodology is adopted in 3 steps: a) Data collection b) Statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software c) Interpretation of results. The real data of cost and duration of 51 building projects have been collected. In statistics, regression analysis is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It includes many techniques for modelling and analyzing several variables, when the focus is on the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. The analysis is done using SPSS developed by IBM Corporation. The Regression models have been developed using the data collected from Noel Builders, Kakkanad, Ernakulam to predict the project cost and duration. The developed models are validated using split sample approach. The model outputs can be used by project managers in the planning phase to validate the scheduled critical path time and project budget.
Hybrid Model for Retrofitting: A Review
Authors: Pillai Manoj S. , Kurian Jency Sara
Published: November 2016

Beam-column joint is considered as a crucial zone in moment resisting frames. It is subjected to large forces during an earthquake, due to ground shaking and the response of the building depends on the behavior of the beam-column joint. During analysis, the joints are usually treated as rigid and this fails to consider the effects of various shear forces developed within the joint. So there emerges the need of seismic upgrading owing to structural deterioration, change in functions or increased performance requirements. Damping is one of the commonly adopted methods proposed for achieving optimal performance of the building subjected to seismic actions. In the present study, an economical approach towards the use of dampers in buildings to reduce the seismic effect is studied. A hybrid combination of dampers with steel bracings for retrofitting is studied in this paper. A cost effective hybrid configuration is presented which can simultaneously reduce the seismic effect and the overall cost for retrofitting.
Retrofitting of RC Beams: A Review
Authors: Joseph John P. , Jose Anitta , Varghese George M.
Published: November 2016

Reinforced concrete (RC) is the most popular building material in the construction industry. It is a composite material in which low tensile strength and ductility of concrete are counteracted by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength and ductility. The RC based structures are required to be replaced after their life time. Complete replacement will be a huge financial burden and might certainly be a waste of natural resources when upgrading or strengthening is an adoptable alternative. Strengthening can be achieved through retrofitting. The meaning of retrofitting is addition of new technology, components, accessories or features to older systems. Retrofitting may be required when the structure needs to be used for a purpose dealing with more load compared to design loads. It may also be used where old structures are needed to be upgraded. This paper is focused on the retrofitting of simply supported RC beams. Various materials like polymers, cementitious composites, steel sections etc. are used for retrofitting of RC beams. For the addition of these new materials to the existing ones, various techniques are used. This paper is a review of the materials and techniques used in retrofitting process of RC beams in existing buildings. The effectiveness of each material and technique is also reviewed.
Seismic Evaluation of Buildings with Plan Irregularity
Authors: Jereen Ann Thomas , Anand Soumya , Issac Binu M.
Published: November 2016

With the application of modern technologies in Civil Engineering, construction of high rise buildings with irregular plan configuration is increasing very quickly. Multi-story buildings are prone to lateral loads from wind or earthquake, which necessitates the need of seismic studies. Buildings can be designed to reduce these lateral loads by many methods; which is why the action of structural diaphragms have to be studied. Several studies have shown the effect of plan configuration on base shear, displacement and story drift, torsional buckling. The lateral stiffness of the building frame affects the maximum displacement of the structure due to earthquake. Study is done on various plan configuration buildings and the action of structural diaphragm on its performance during earthquake is studied.
Study of Post-Tensioned and Reinforced Masonry Walls under Lateral Loads
Authors: Abbas Samih , Saji K.P.
Published: November 2016

Moderate to strong earthquakes can cause considerable damage to masonry walls which are primary structural elements for decades. In previous earthquakes, a large number of masonry walls failed due to insufficient shear strength with excessive in-plane deformation, or due to insufficient out-of- plane bending capacity of the walls in the perpendicular direction. Typically, out-of- plane failure is far more prevalent and happens earlier than in-plane failure in most past earthquakes. Thus their arises the need to strengthen this masonry walls. Generally, the compressive forces that masonry walls bear vary at different storey’s vary , therefore, walls at lower storey’s can only be applied with relatively smaller prestress due to already higher compression stresses produced by self-weight and floor dead load. Many strengthening methodsSuch as using NSM-CFRP, post tensioning, shortcreting etc. are excellent methods of strengthening masonry walls. In this the performance of post tensioned and reinforced masonry walls is analyzed. Ungrouted, partially grouted, and fully grouted Post Tensioned [PT] Masonry Walls exhibit different behavior and failure mechanisms. For this an analytical model based on an experimental study is prepared and their results are compared with ABAQUS.
Sustainable Construction Using Bamboo as Flexural Members
Authors: Hashna N. , Elizabeth Thomas Shobha
Published: November 2016

Concrete is the largely using construction material. But it possesses some limitations in its application. The pollution created by cement is one of the major problems. Also the steel will become a scarce material after 20 or 30 years, so that, we should go for some sustainable building materials. The material should be also renewable. The significance of bamboo as a construction material arises in this situation.It is proven that bamboo possesses good tensile strength as well as compressive strength [1]. This material is also renewable and eco-friendly. Studies are conducted to analyze the performance of bamboo in place of reinforcement.This paper discuss about the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo and the behaviour of bamboo as a structural beam. The beams are made with bamboo either bolted or tied together. The connection materials are bolts and ropes. Normal strength tests are conducted over beams. The load and deflection is analyzed. It is seen that the load carrying capacity and load- deflection properties are better for steel bolted beam. And it is also comparable with concrete and steel.This type of beams can be used for residential building purposes. By using bamboo structural members, the cost can be reduced. Of course the economic benefit will go to the rural people, who cultivate bamboo. The method is sustainable, economic and possess nearly no pollution to the atmosphere. Since the material is renewable, it is highly reliable.
Thermal Buckling Behaviour of Functionally Graded Plates
Authors: Ancy Alex , Parvathy U.
Published: November 2016

Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) are those materials which have continuous variation of material properties from metal phase to ceramic phase. Due to the continuous change in material properties of FGMs, the stress singularity at the interface between the two different materials is eliminated and thus the bonding strength is enhanced. They are widely used in high temperature environment such as nuclear reactors and rocket heat shields. The material property of FGM plate varies along the thickness direction and the variation is idealised by different mathematical idealisation techniques. This paper deals with the buckling behaviour of clamped PFGM plate under uniform temperature field. Thermal buckling behaviour of FGM plate has been obtained numerically through ANSYS software. The convergence study of the results is optimized by changing the mesh size. The critical buckling temperature rise obtained for functionally graded plates using ANSYS software are compared with the available literature. The effect of different parameters such as power-law index, thickness ratio, and aspect ratio on critical buckling temperature rise for temperature independent and dependent material properties of each constituent is also discussed. It is found that the critical buckling temperature rise decreases with the increase in power-law indices and thickness ratio and increases with increase in aspect ratio.
Analysis of Bombay High Jacket during Load out and Transportation
Authors: Sabu Stephy , Somasundaran T.P.
Published: November 2016

Marine and offshore structures are constructed worldwide for various functions in a variety of water depths and environmental conditions like deep sea oil drilling, marine excavations etc. The offshore structures built onshore in “fabrication yards” have to be loaded out and transported offshore to the final assembly site, onboard a barge. Hence the design and analysis of an offshore structure must include load out and transportation calculations. The aim of the present work is to conduct load out and transportation analysis of a real time jacket platform installed in 78m water depth in the Mumbai High Basin. The platform was loaded onto a launch barge by lifting. The lift analysis was performed in SACS (Structural Analysis Computer System), to assure no overstressing of the jacket components during load out operations. The analysis was also used to compare the predicted and allowable values of the jacket/barge deflections. The motion analysis was performed in SACS, to determine the Response Amplitude Operators, from which, maximum values for the relevant degrees of freedom were predicted. The obtained data was used to compute the inertia forces and a deterministic structural analysis for the barge was performed. The predicted values obtained were well within the allowable values rendering the design safe. The jacket was also analyzed to determine the significance of water entry forces on its horizontal members during transportation. The predicted stresses were well within the allowable stresses; hence the transportation of the structure from the fabrication site to the Mumbai High Basin is safe.
Hydrodynamic Pressure on Submerged Floating Tunnel under the P-Wave
Authors: Sun Sheng Nan , Su Zhi Bin
Published: November 2016

Based on the displacement potential functions, considering submarine rock and soil as elastic half-space, seawater as ideal fluid, anchors as springs, the formulae for determining the hydrodynamic pressure on submerged floating tunnel were deduced while the P-wave was incident. Subsequently, effects of different submarine rock and soil parameters (such as shear modulus, Poisson ratio) and different spring constants and spaces of the anchors on the hydrodynamic pressures were discussed. It could be concluded that for normal incidence, the shear modulus and the Poisson ratio of submarine rock and soil have no influence on the amplitude of the hydrodynamic pressure on SFT for. The peak value of the amplitude of the hydrodynamic pressure on SFT increases as the Poisson ratio of submarine rock and soil and the spring constant of anchor increases, decreases as the spacing of the anchor increases.
Rotational Behavior of Bolted Glulam Beam-to-Column Connections Reinforced with Section Steel
Authors: Ma Yu Rong , Song Xiao Bin , Xu Tian Qi , Luo Lie
Published: November 2016

Bolted connections with slotted-in steel plates are commonly used to connect beams and columns in heavy timber structures. While due to the low tensile strength of wood in the perpendicular-to-grain direction, these connections are usually not able to present satisfying rotational performance. In order to solve this problem, a relatively new type of bolted connection, reinforced with section steel, was designed and tested in this paper. Two groups of total six specimens were tested under monotonic loading to investigate their rotational behavior. Tests showed that the brittle failure mode of wood splitting in the perpendicular-to-grain direction was fully restrained. Only slight cracks were observed in most specimens, except one that underwent bending failure in the beam member. Test results indicated an average increase of 78.7% in moment resistance and a 54.8% increase in ductility ratio for middle-storey connections, compared with conventional connections simply using slotted-in steel plates. Top-storey connections, without previous test results as comparison, also presented high moment-bearing capacity and reliable deformability. As a result, such connection may receive a broad application, especially in multi-storey heavy timber structures.