bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Homens transexuais e o acesso aos serviços de saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Gomes Mariana dos Santos , Sousa Francisco Jean Gomes de , Fraga Fabiana Albino , Ribeiro Cláudia Regina , Lemos Adriana
Published: February 2021

Um homem transexual é um indivíduo que se percebe como homem, se identifica com os atributos socioculturalmente aceitos como masculinos, porém, nasceu com genitália feminina e foi inicialmente socializado a partir das normas impostas às mulheres. Sabe-se que essas pessoas sofrem cotidianamente com o preconceito advindo de vários âmbitos da sociedade, sendo um deles o da saúde. Desse modo, é preciso entender o atual cenário vivenciado por homens trans na saúde, para que, a partir disso, consiga-se traçar estratégias capazes de melhorar o atendimento. Este estudo tem o objetivo de identificar e analisar a produção científica nacional sobre o acesso aos serviços de saúde de homens transexuais e o papel da enfermagem durante o atendimento a essa população. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. A partir das buscas nas bases de dados, foram encontrados 538 estudos no total, sendo 18 pré-selecionados para avaliação e leitura do conteúdo completo e 12 selecionados para análise. Tendo a análise desses artigos como base, tornou-se claro os principais desafios encontrados durante o acesso aos serviços de saúde por homens trans. A exemplo disso, tem-se: atitudes discriminatórias, como o desrespeito relacionado ao uso do nome social; a patologização da transexualidade; despreparo profissional frente às demandas e especificidades desse grupo; o desconhecimento de alguns temas, que só são colocados em pauta, levando em conta aspectos cisheteronormativos; entre outros.
Crescimento e qualidade de mudas de diferentes cultivares de cafeeiro sob diferentes substratos e recipientes
Authors: Andrade Carla Romanielo de , Melo Bruno Manoel Rezende de , Mendes Cristian Tiago Erazo , Castro Douglas Goulart , Coelho Evando Luiz , Francisco Karoline Cristina Pereira
Published: February 2021

O objetivo foi avaliar os efeitos dos recipientes e substratos no crescimento e na qualidade de mudas de cafeeiro em diferentes cultivares. O experimento foi conduzido no setor de produção de mudas do Ifsuldeminas - Campus Inconfidentes, Inconfidentes/MG, em um delineamento de blocos casualizados com três repetições por tratamento, sendo as parcelas constituídas por 30 plantas. O esquema fatorial foi de 2 x 2 x 5 sendo constituídos por dois recipientes, dois tipos de substratos e cinco cultivares de cafeeiro. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de crescimento e qualidade das mudas. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar que para a produção de mudas, os recipientes e os substratos interfere no crescimento das mudas cafeeiras, apresentando melhor qualidade as mudas no recipiente tubete com a utilização do substrato comercial, sendo a cultivar Acauã e a cultivar Topázio 1190, produzida em sacolas com substrato comercial com melhores resultados. Pela análise multivariada verificou-se que o maior crescimento das mudas em altura e menor diâmetro de coleto foi responsável pela menor qualidade das mesmas. Diante disso, conclui-se que o saquinho preenchidos com substrato comercial, proporcionou mudas com maior crescimento. O tubete, preenchido com substrato comercial, proporcionou mudas de melhor qualidade; a cultivar que apresentou um maior desequilíbrio foi a Catuaí 144, no saquinho; as cultivares que apresentam melhores IQD são a Acauã com uso de tubete em substrato comercial e a Topázio 1190 na sacolinha; a variável que mais contribui para o IQD foi a MSSR; o substrato padrão limitou o crescimento das raízes.
Biometria de plantas e sementes de fava: contribuições para divergência genética
Authors: Nere Daniel Rodrigues , Bleicher Ervino , Bertini Cândida Hermínia Campos de Magalhães
Published: February 2021

A fava (Phaseolus lunatus) possui uma ampla variabilidade genética. Para explorar este potencial são empregados os descritores da cultura, que são um conjunto de indicações técnicas que auxiliam nos registros das informações das características presente neste material genético. No entanto, algumas informações presentes nos descritores necessitam ser atualizadas e outras adicionadas para que se possa descrever o máximo de características. Assim, objetivou-se com essa pesquisa obter informações sobre os aspectos biométricos de sementes e plantas de fava que possam contribuir para estudos de divergência genética. Nesta pesquisa foram utilizadas 70 variedades de fava e foi dividida em duas etapas, na primeira, realizou-se a caracterização das sementes e na segunda, caracterização da planta, na fase vegetativa e reprodutiva. Aos dados aplicou-se estatística descritiva para obtenção de porcentagem, média, desvio padrão, classes, histogramas, polígonos de frequência e boxplots. Os resultados demonstraram a grande variabilidade genética nas variedades estudadas, as características em sua maioria de importância produtiva apresentaram 9 diferentes classificações. As informações geradas permitem, portanto, contribuições nos estudos de beneficiamento de sementes e grãos, investigação da preferência do consumidor e nas pesquisas de divergência genética, todas associadas à formação de futuras cultivares.
Odontologia hospitalar: uma breve revisão
Authors: Santana Maria Tays Pereira , Fernandes Viton Dyrk Guimarães , Alencar Josilanny Araújo de Souza , Lima Filipe de Oliveira , Araújo Amanda da Silva , Silva Quemuel Pereira da , Nogueira Paula Lima , Dantas Maria Vitoria Oliveira , Medeiros Luanna Abílio Diniz Melquíades de , Alves Maria Angélica Sátyro Gomes , Anjos Raline Mendonça dos , Penha Elizandra Silva da , Almeida Manuella Santos Carneiro , Sousa Aleson Pereira de , Oliveira Filho Abrahão Alves de
Published: February 2021

O presente estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa sobre a atuação e as atribuições do cirurgião dentista no ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de literatura, sendo analisados trabalhos publicados no SCIELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online) e LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) com as palavras chaves "Hospital, Odontologia, Unidade de Terapia Intensiva”. A inserção do cirurgião dentista na equipe multidisciplinar dos hospitais contribui para o tratamento dos pacientes hospitalizados, visto a existência da relação entre saúde oral e geral, assim as atribuições desses profissionais principalmente em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva corroboram para a manutenção da saúde bucal possibilitando qualidade de vida a partir de uma visão integral da saúde. Portanto, é de extrema importância a habilitação em odontologia hospitalar na formação do profissional cirurgião dentista.
Práticas de cuidado hospitalares no final de vida: revisão integrativa
Authors: Moscoso Carina Rabêlo , Cordeiro Franciele Roberta , Silva Nataniele Kmentt da , Corrêa Izadora Martins , Campelo Helena da Cruz
Published: February 2021

Decisões sobre cuidados às pessoas em final de vida envolvem diversos aspectos, representando desafio e mobilizando médicos e enfermeiros, profissionais que se sobressaem na tomada de decisões. Esta revisão integrativa de literatura objetivou identificar práticas de cuidado de médicos e enfermeiros em final de vida no hospital.  A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2020 nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus e na Medical Literature and Retrivial System Online (MEDLINE). 58 artigos foram selecionados com os seguintes temas: sedação paliativa, ordem de não reanimação cardiopulmonar, comunicação e tomada de decisão, eutanásia e suicídio assistido, retirada ou limitação de tratamentos mantenedores da vida, tratamentos oncológicos e cuidados terminais. Conclui-se que as práticas de cuidado em final de vida centralizam-se em sintomas físicos e possuem o intuito de aliviar sofrimento. Suspender ou limitar reanimação cardiopulmonar, hidratação, nutrição e hemodiálise, bem como realização de eutanásia ou suicídio assistido apresentam maior controvérsia.
Aspectos de qualidade da água e saneamento básico em um assentamento rural no interior de São Paulo: diagnóstico e perspectivas para a melhoria da qualidade sócio-ambiental
Authors: Peroni Júlia Barros , Carvalho Lívia Hernandes , Lannes Lucíola Santos
Published: February 2021

A garantia do provimento de água de boa qualidade é necessária às comunidades rurais e é determinante da saúde e da geração de renda destas populações. Assentamentos rurais, entretanto, vêm sendo estabelecidos no Brasil sem as devidas estruturas necessárias no que diz respeito à qualidade da água consumida e à disposição de resíduos domésticos, impactando negativamente estas comunidades. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar alguns destes aspectos no Assentamento “União da Vitória”, no município de Suzanápolis/SP. Foram realizadas entrevistas com a população acerca da percepção ambiental sobre o assunto e determinação da contaminação de coliformes fecais em água utilizada para consumo. A maior parte da população deste assentamento reside no local desde a sua fundação em 2005 e exerce majoritariamente a função agrícola em seus lotes. Entretanto, os assentados apresentam deficiência de conhecimento sobre saneamento básico. Dos 50 lotes que tiveram a água para consumo analisadas, 9% apresentaram coliformes fecais, todos em poços do tipo cacimba, mais vulneráveis por serem rasos. Esta porcentagem é mais baixa em relação a outros assentamentos do tipo no país. Estes dados apontam para a necessidade de informar populações rurais sobre métodos adequados de construção de poços e fossas e evidenciam a necessidade de continuação do trabalho de entidades públicas e privadas de saneamento quanto à assistência aos assentados.
Tree ring-reconstructed late summer moisture conditions, 1546 to present, northern Lake Michigan, USA
Authors: Warner SM , Jeffries SJ , Lovis WA , Arbogast AF , Telewski FW
Published: February 2021

Drought can affect even humid regions like northeastern North America, which experienced significant, well-documented dry spells in the 1930s, 50s, 60s, and 80s, and proxies tell us that in the years before instrumentally recorded climate, droughts could be even more severe. To get a more complete picture of pre-recorded climate, the spatial coverage of proxy-based climate reconstructions must be extended. This can better put in context past, current, and future climate, and it can lend anthropological and historical insights. With regard to tree rings as climate proxies, however, there is increasing evidence that relationships between tree growth and climate can be inconsistent over time, in some cases decreasing the utility of tree rings in the representation of climate. We developed a chronology from white cedar Thuja occidentalis tree ring widths for the period 1469-2015 C.E. with which we modeled the relationship between growth and July-September moisture conditions (Palmer Z index). The relationship was consistent across the period of instrumentally recorded climate, 1895-present, and the model explained 27% of variability. Therefore, we used the model to reconstruct July-September moisture conditions from 1546-2014. We found the most variable century to be the 20th, the least the 18th. The severest decade-scale droughts (≤0.75 SD from mean) occurred in the 1560s, 1600s/10s, 1630s, 1770s/80s, 1840s, and 1910s/20s, the severest pluvials (≥0.75 SD) in the 1610s/20s, 1660s/70s, and the 1970s/80s. The occasional occurrence of severe droughts throughout the reconstruction, increasing variability in the 20th century, and expected climate change-enhanced late summer drought, portend a future punctuated with severe droughts.
Peningkatan Kualitas Manusia dalam Implementasi Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan di Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Bangun Rita Herawaty
Published: February 2021

Pembangunan sumber daya manusia (SDM) merupakan salah satu program prioritas Indonesia jangka waktu lima tahun kedepan. Sumber daya manusia yang unggul menjadi penentu kemajuan dan perubahan kearah yang lebih baik bagi suatu daerah, termasuk Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Untuk melihat kualitas SDM, ada beberapa indikator yang mempengaruhinya. Untuk itu penelitian tentang peningkatan kualitas SDM Sumatera Utara perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis indikator sosial ekonomi yang terdiri dari kemiskinan, pengangguran, kesehatan, pendidikan, dan pendapatan terhadap IPM di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan data cross section yang bersumber dari publikasi yang diterbitkan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik yang menggambarkan kondisi kabupaten kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini adalah metode analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indikator kemiskinan, pengangguran, kesehatan, pendidikan, dan standar hidup layak memberikan pengaruh yang kuat yaitu sebesar 99,83 persen terhadap IPM, sedangkan 0,17 persen dipengaruhi variabel-variabel lain di luar model. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian secara simultan dan partial semua variabel kemiskinan, pengangguran, kesehatan, pendidikan dan pendapatan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IPM di Sumatera Utara. Pencapaian peningkatan pembangunan manusia sebagai implementasi tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan harus menjadi skala prioritas dalam penyusunan kebijakan dan perencanaan pembangunan daerah Provinsi Sumatera Utara khususnya pada aspek kesehatan, pendidikan, dan pendapatan masyarakat. Peningkatan pada aspek kesehatan, pendidikan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi akan mendorong pencapaian kualitas pembangunan manusia Sumatera Utara.
The Art Way of Seeing and the Pride We Are Looking For: The Life and Work of Edward Weston
Authors:   Aesthetic Realism Foundation, Bernstein Len
Published: February 2021

In this article I discuss the life and work of the American photographer, Edward Weston, as well as my own life, to show what the philosophy Aesthetic Realism explains: the way of seeing that makes for art, and the pride we are looking for, comes from the desire to be fair to reality itself, and this desire is the same as true humility. The grand and the ordinary, the proud and the humble, are opposites that mingle in the content, form, and technique of Weston’s work, and this has meaning for our lives. “All beauty is a making one of opposites,” Eli Siegel, founder of Aesthetic Realism stated, “and the making one of opposites is what we are going after in ourselves.” In showing that the purpose of life and art are the same, this principle brings new understanding and dignity to humanity, and possibilities of pride that are endless.
The Opera “Victory over the Sun” as the Crucial Artistic Event of Malevich’s School (UNOVIS)
Authors:   Vitebsk State University named after P.M. Masherov, Kotovich Tatiana V.
Published: February 2021

February 2020 will mark the centennial of the UNOVIs, the school of Malevich, the Vitebsk association of the Asserters of New Art, a unique attempt of collective artistic thinking. They were bellicose in their arrow-headed motion, in its aggressive stance, in its effectual rhythm, in following the program, in their possession of young arms – the energy of sincere faith. The evening of February 6, 1920 featured a crucial event in the transformation of the Vitebsk artistic school, a significant subject in its history and, most importantly, the meaning-bearing phenomenon in absorbing the Vitebsk artistic milieu. The author of the article examines the creation of the Vitebsk version of the futurist opera “Victory over the Sun” as a starting position of creature of a new form of artistic association, as well as the forms of Kazimir Malevich’s initial actions in Vitebsk, as an assertion of the center of an entire system of formation, direction and artistic utterance.
Ancient World. (Depth of Times). Discoveries and Revelations
Authors:   Saratov State L.V. Sobinov Conservatory, Demchenko Alexander I.
Published: February 2021

The object of the proposed cycle of essays is that with a maximal compactness of presentment it presents a cumulative overview of the chief phenomena of world artistic culture, spanned in whole, both from the perspective of an overall historical process and in relation to the various arts (literature, the visual arts, architecture, music, theater and cinema). At the same time, it avoids the customary rubrication according to national schools and division into separate arts forms with the specifi cation of genre inherent to each one of them, which is in accord with the positive tendencies of globalization and provides an integral vision of artistic phenomena. A phased examination of the following periods of art history is foreseen: the Ancient World, Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Baroque period, the Enlightenment, Romanticism, the 1st Modern style, the 2nd Modern style, the 3rd Modern style, the Postmodern style, and as an afterword — “The Golden Age of Russian Artistic Culture.”
“The Ensemble of Performers” in the Textures of Clavier Compositions by J.S. Bach
Authors:   Ufa State Institute of Arts named after Zagir Ismagilov, Gordeyeva Elena V.
Published: February 2021

The musical text of any of Johann Sebastian Bach’s works for clavier contains numerous artistic signs, semantic fi gures and expressive elements. Some of them bear within themselves signifi cations of diverse nuances of meaning and feelings through recreation of the scenes of music-making. Upon the defi nition of the semantic equivalent they align themselves into concrete plotline situations. The intonational formulas, the vertical and horizontal structures-dialogues, the acoustic images of musical instruments (including the human voice) imprinted in the musical texts of a composition — all of these semantic “characters” and “protagonists” designed to express the spirit of time, omnipresent, old and eternally new. The acoustic images in the structure of the musical texts may be extremely different: in the guises of duos, trios, baroque models with the participation of solo, basso continuo and tutti parts in their various alternations and combinations. The musical materials of suites and partitas are used in the article to trace the intertextual migration of typifi ed models of “migrating” images with the unfolding of the plotlines of “music within music.” Typifi ed dialogic structures are disclosed in the texture of the musical composition, and upon deciphering they become conducive towards a competent expressive articulation.
Wildness and Order Duke Ellington’s “Happy Go Lucky Local”
Authors:   Aesthetic Realism Theatre Company, Shapiro Alan
Published: February 2021

This article (with musical links) looks at one of the important compositions of Duke Ellington from the mid-1940s through the perspective of Aesthetic Realism, the philosophy founded by the American critic and poet Eli Siegel. The basis of this approach is that when a work of art in any fi eld is good or beautiful, the reason is that it puts opposites together, opposites that are in the structure of reality as a whole and that every person is hoping to make sense of. This is true of Ellington’s “Happy Go Lucky Local”: it is wild and organized, repetitive and surprising, cacophonous and orderly. It is musical evidence that diffi cult, even unbearable things can be seen with form, seen beautifully.
Antiquity (A Millennium before the Birth of Christ). The Basis of European Culture
Authors:   Saratov State L.V. Sobinov Conservatory, Demchenko Alexander I.
Published: February 2021

The peculiarity of the series of essays published by the magazine is that with the maximum compactness of the presentation, it provides a summary of the main phenomena of world artistic culture, covered in General both from the point of view of the General historical process, and in relation to various types of creativity (literature, fne art, architecture, music, theater and cinema). At the same time, the usual categorization of national schools and the division into separate types of art with the genre specifcation inherent in each of them is overcome, which meets the positive trends of globalization and provides a holistic view of artistic phenomena. The following artistic and historical periods are considered in stages: the Ancient world, Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Baroque, the Enlightenment, Romanticism, Postromanticism, Modern I, Modern II, Modern III, Postmodern, and as an afterword — «The Golden age of Russian artistic culture».
Vocal and Choral Symphonies and Considerations on Text Representation in Music
Authors:   Moscow State P.I. Tchaikovsky Conservatory, Rovner Anton А.
Published: February 2021

The article examines the genres of the vocal and the choral symphony in connection with the author’s vocal symphony Finland for soprano, tenor and orchestra set to Evgeny Baratynsky’s poem with the same title. It also discusses the issue of expression of the literary text in vocal music, as viewed by a number of influential 19th and 20th century composers, music theorists and artists. Among the greatest examples of the vocal symphony are Gustav Mahler’s Das Lied von der Erde and Alexander von Zemlinsky’s Lyrische Symphonie. These works combine in an organic way the features of the symphony and the song cycle. The genre of the choral symphony started with Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony and includes such works as Mendelssohn’s Second Symphony, Scriabin’s First Symphony and Mahler’s Second, Third and Eighth Symphonies. Both genres exemplify composers’ attempts to combine the most substantial genre of instrumental music embodying the composers’ philosophical worldviews with that of vocal music, which expresses the emotional content of the literary texts set to music. The issue of expressivity in music is further elaborated in examinations of various composers’ approaches to it. Wagner claimed that the purpose of music was to express the composers’ emotional experience and especially the literary texts set to music. Stravinsky expressed the view that music in its very essence is not meant to express emotions. He called for an emotionally detached approach to music and especially to text settings in vocal music. Schoenberg pointed towards a more introversive and abstract approach to musical expression and text setting in vocal music, renouncing outward depiction for the sake of inner expression. Similar attitudes to this position were held by painter Wassily Kandinsky and music theorist Theodor Adorno. The author views Schoenberg’s approach to be the most viable for 20th and early 21st century music.
At Home in the World — the Architecture and Life of Frank Lloyd Wright
Authors:   CUNY New York City College of Technology, Romeo Anthony , Laurin Dale ,   CUNY New York City College of Technology
Published: February 2021

This article shows how the enduring admiration people have for the architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright (1867–1959) is explained by this principle of Aesthetic Realism, stated by the founder of this philosophy, the great American poet and critic, Eli Siegel: “All beauty is a making one of opposites, and the making one of opposites is what we are going after in ourselves.” Scholars have written of Wright’s contradictions: his charm and his arrogance, the warmth of his interior designs and his coldness to persons near to him. The authors show that like people everywhere, Wright was trying in his life to put together opposites in himself, including the same opposites he was able to compose magnificently in his best architectural work: most particularly, the opposites of inside and outside, “the snug and exterior.” Two early examples discussed are his 1893 Gale House and the Heurtley House of 1902. Wright’s love of nature led to his concept of organic architecture: buildings inspired by, and at one with, their environment. A masterful example discussed in detail is his 1935 house design Fallingwater, built dramatically above a waterfall. The authors also show how two works from very different points in Wrightʼs long career — the 1904 Unity Temple, and the Guggenheim Museum, completed in 1960 — are opportunities for people to know ourselves better now. The explanation lies in the beautiful way each structure puts opposites together.
Interview with Composer Marcus Paus Conducted for ICONI by Edward Green
Authors:   Manhattan School of Music, Green Edward
Published: February 2021

We learn in this interview with the leading Norwegian composer of his generation, Marcus Paus (b. 1979), how critical he is of the “academic tradition” which, in his view, has hurt a good deal of contemporary music over the last several decades: a certain snobbish adherence to non-tonal, non-melodic “abstract modernism.” Paus, on the contrary, asserts the living freshness of traditional values. His own music is grounded in tradition, is steeped in the value of careful craftsmanship, and yet, at the same time, is passionate, surprising, original, deeply lyrical, and fervently humanist in its social and political orientation. We learn, too, of his great esteem for the American composer John Williams, best known for his cinematic scores. Paus sees Williams as a model of nobility: both musically, and as a human being. In this interview there is also substantial discussion of the value of the philosophy of Aesthetic Realism, founded by the great American philosopher Eli Siegel, and his profound ideas concerning Art and Life. During this wide-ranging conversation, Paus speaks likewise of world music, pop music, and his abiding interest in literature and painting. There is also an extended passage where he keenly and generously comments on the composers of his own generation, and points to several of their most outstanding works.
A New Culture of Broadcasting Knowledge in the Conditions of the Digital Educational Environment of an Artistic University (about the Experience of Working in the Moodle and Moodle Music Systems)
Authors:   Khabarovsk State Institute of Culture, Mezentseva Svetlana V.
Published: February 2021

The work raises the problem of forming a new culture of knowledge transmission. The current state of the system of higher education in a digital educational environment is examined. In this regard, an extended analysis of educational and methodological support of disciplines related to the use of music computer technologies (MCT) in artistic universities is carried out, the quality and methods of teaching, the awareness of the role of new digital educational technologies and MCT as a promising tool for expanding the information space of the artistic university in the context of the functioning of a high-tech digital educational environment. Based on the new capabilities of modern computer methods of working with sound, the potential of modern computer music editors, computer programs related to sound recording and sound reproduction, student musicians develop skills to utilize the capabilities of modern computer methods of working with sound in the process of musical and artistic activity, the potential of a modern musician develops — whether a performer, a composer, a music theorist, or teacher — by using music and computer programs in various fi elds of professional activities. The author of the article also analyzes the capabilities of the Moodle and Moodle Music systems in a creative university.
The Musical Oeuvres of Aram Khachaturian
Authors:   Saratov State L.V. Sobinov Conservatory, Demchenko Alexander I.
Published: February 2021

The previous issues of the journal featured publications of lectures about such outstanding 20th century Russian composers as Sergei Rachmaninoff, Igor Stravinsky, Sergei Prokofi ev, Nikolai Myaskovsky and Dmitri Shostakovich. This series is continued with a lecture about Aram Khachaturian’s music. After a general characterization of his musical legacy (in the preamble), the respective sections of the fi rst part of the lecture (the trajectory of the artistic path, “The Feast of Music”) examines the foundational principles of the composer’s bright individual style and evaluates the signifi cance of his contribution to the treasury of Russian art of the mid-20th century. During the exposition of the lecture fragments of his musical compositions will be offered for analysis, in their sum giving a perspective of the most substantial aspects of Khachaturian’s musical legacy.
Vietnam — Russia: Dialogue of Cultures
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Zryutina Irina V.
Published: February 2021

The article provides information about the cultural connections of the Far-Eastern Region of Russia with the cultural activists of Vietnam, performances of dance ensembles, exchange of concert programs and organization of combined festivals. Separate attention is given to the selfl ess activities of reconstructing the traditional temple and the rituals of the recent representatives of the Le imperial family carried out by a representative of the dynasty Mrs. Le Thi Minh. Description is given of the historical facts and traditions of the culture of Vietnam, a characterization of the ritual costumes is presented, and information is given of the artistic work carried out by youth ensembles in Vladivostok in restoring Vietnam’s dance ritual culture with the assistance of Mrs. Le Thi Minh.
The Genre of Marine Painting and its Varieties in the Works of the Artists of the Primorsky Region
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Kapinus Alexander Yu.
Published: February 2021

The article examines the work of artists of the Primorsky Region who created art works at different time periods and in different styles, in their own manner in various subgenres of the sea landscape, as well as those related to the marine theme. The author of the article analyzes the simplicity and complexity of visualizing the image of the sea wave in their works and makes a classifi cation of the genre of marine painting and proposes paths of further development of the chosen theme. Examination of the peculiarities of perceiving the nature of the sea by artists working on seashores (conditionally — “seashore artists”) and professionally working at sea makes it possible to elucidate the differences in the visualization of the sea element on the dimensions of their canvases and to penetrate more deeply into the semantic essence of the imagery of “sea inspiration”. These differences can in no way be signs of the superiority of some artists over others — they are merely different philosophical and psychological approaches to the implementation of personally endured sensory-logical experience in their works, which in general constitutes the enduring wealth of the artistic maritime culture of the Russian Far East.
19-Tone Theory and Applications
Authors:   Queens College of the City University of New York, Howe Jr. Hubert
Published: February 2021

Microtonal music is one of those subjects that has always been around, but few people have ever had the will to investigate it thoroughly. The main reason why more people have not dealt with microtonal music is that there are almost no instruments that allow composers to experiment with it. In spite of all this, the music of many cultures even at the present time employs non-equaltempered scales, and even Western music did until the eighteenth century, when mathematicians worked out the logarithmic basis of equal temperament. In this article, the author explains how he became interested in 19-tone equal temperament and how he explored the possible resources available in such a system. This involves creating a chord grammar based on similarity relationships, similar to what he has used in his music written in 12-tone equal temperament. Through these considerations he discovered a particular set of chords that have special properties in terms of their interval content, number of transpositions, and relationships to other chords. Finally, the author explains how he used these properties in the music he composed in this temperament.
Yeast-Based Biosynthesis of Natural Products From Xylose
Authors: Zha Jian , Yuwen Miaomiao , Qian Weidong , Wu Xia
Published: February 2021

Xylose is the second most abundant sugar in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Transformation of xylose into valuable chemicals, such as plant natural products, is a feasible and sustainable route to industrializing biorefinery of biomass materials. Yeast strains, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Scheffersomyces stipitis, and Yarrowia lipolytica, display some paramount advantages in expressing heterologous enzymes and pathways from various sources and have been engineered extensively to produce natural products. In this review, we summarize the advances in the development of metabolically engineered yeasts to produce natural products from xylose, including aromatics, terpenoids, and flavonoids. The state-of-the-art metabolic engineering strategies and representative examples are reviewed. Future challenges and perspectives are also discussed on yeast engineering for commercial production of natural products using xylose as feedstocks.
Characterization and Validation of Arg286 Residue of IL-1RAcP as a Potential Drug Target for Osteoarthritis
Authors: Dailing Angela , Mitchell Kelsey , Vuong Ngoc , Lee Kyung Hyeon , Joshi Reva , Espina Virginia , Haymond Still Amanda , Gottschalk Carter J. , Brown Anne M. , Paige Mikell , Liotta Lance A. , Luchini Alessandra
Published: February 2021

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and the fastest growing cause of chronic disability in the world. Formation of the ternary IL-1β /IL-1R1/IL-1RAcP protein complex and its downstream signaling has been implicated in osteoarthritis pathology. Current OA therapeutic approaches target either the cytokine IL-1β or the primary receptor IL-1RI but do not exploit the potential of the secondary receptor IL-1RAcP. Our previous work implicated the Arg286 residue of IL-1RAcP as a key mediator of complex formation. Molecular modeling confirmed Arg286 as a high-energy mediator of the ternary IL-1β complex architecture and interaction network. Anti-IL-1RAcP monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting the Arg286 residue were created and were shown to effectively reduce the influx of inflammatory cells to damaged joints in a mouse model of osteoarthritis. Inhibitory peptides based on the native sequence of IL-1RAcP were prepared and examined for efficacy at disrupting the complex formation. The most potent peptide inhibitor had an IC50 value of 304 pM in a pull-down model of complex formation, and reduced IL-1β signaling in a cell model by 90% at 2 μM. Overall, therapies that target the Arg286 region surface of IL-1RAcP, and disrupt subsequent interactions with subunits, have the potential to serve as next generation treatments for osteoarthritis.
Epidemic Trend and Molecular Evolution of HV Family in the Main Hantavirus Epidemic Areas From 2004 to 2016, in P.R. China
Authors: Wang Qiuwei , Yue Ming , Yao Pingping , Zhu Changqiang , Ai Lele , Hu Dan , Zhang Bin , Yang Zhangnv , Yang Xiaohong , Luo Fan , Wang Chunhui , Hou Wei , Tan Weilong
Published: February 2021

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is caused by hantavirus (HV) infection, and is prevalent across Europe and Asia (mainly China). The genetic variation and wide host range of the HV family may lead to vaccine failure. In this study, we analyzed the gene sequences of HV isolated from different regions of China in order to trace the molecular evolution of HV and the epidemiological trends of HFRS. A total of 16,6975 HFRS cases and 1,689 HFRS-related deaths were reported from 2004 to 2016, with the average annual incidence rate of 0.9674 per 100,000, 0.0098 per 100,000 mortality rate, and case fatality rate 0.99%. The highest number of cases were detected in 2004 (25,041), and after decreasing to the lowest numbers (8,745) in 2009, showed an incline from 2010. The incidence of HFRS is the highest in spring and winter, and three times as many men are affected as women. In addition, farmers account for the largest proportion of all cases. The main hosts of HV are Rattus norvegicus and Apodemus agrarius, and the SEOV strain is mainly found in R. norvegicus and Niviventer confucianus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that at least 10 HTNV subtypes and 6 SEOV subtypes are endemic to China. We found that the clustering pattern of M genome segments was different from that of the S segments, indicating the possibility of gene recombination across HV strains. The recent increase in the incidence of HFRS may be related to climatic factors, such as temperature, relative humidity and hours of sunshine, as well as biological factors like rodent density, virus load in rodents and genetic variation. The scope of vaccine application should be continuously expanded, and surveillance measures and prevention and control strategies should be improved to reduce HFRS infection in China.
cheA, cheB, cheR, cheV, and cheY Are Involved in Regulating the Adhesion of Vibrio harveyi
Authors: Xu Xiaojin , Li Huiyao , Qi Xin , Chen Yunong , Qin Yingxue , Zheng Jiang , Jiang Xinglong
Published: February 2021

Diseases caused by Vibrio harveyi lead to severe economic losses in the aquaculture industry. Adhesion is an important disease-causing factor observed in bacteria with chemotactic activity. In our study, we measured the adhesion of V. harveyi by subjecting the bacteria to stress using Cu2+, Pb2+, Hg2+, and Zn2+. The genes responsible for chemotaxis (cheA, cheB, cheR, cheV, and cheY), which are also crucial for adhesion, were identified and silenced via RNAi. We observed that a decrease in chemotactic gene expression reduced the ability of the organism to demonstrate adhesion, motility, chemotaxis, and biofilm formation. Upon comparing the cheA-RNAi bacteria to the wild-type strain, we observed that the transcriptome of V. harveyi was significantly altered. Additionally, the expression of key genes and the adhesion ability were affected by the pH (pH of 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9), salinity (NaCl at concentrations of 0.8, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, or 4.5%), and temperature (4, 15, 28, 37, and 44°C) of the medium. Based on these results, the following conclusions were made: (1) The chemotactic genes cheA, cheB, cheR, cheV, and cheY may regulate the adhesion ability of V. harveyi by affecting bacterial motility, and participate in the regulation of adhesion at different temperatures, salinities, and pH values; (2) stable silencing of cheA could alter the transcriptional landscape of V. harveyi and regulate the expression of genes associated with its adhesion mechanisms.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wu Yuling , Pan Nana , An Yi , Xu Mengyuan , Tan Lijuan , Zhang Lijuan
Published: February 2021

The incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) increases every year worldwide. Better diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for clinical applications are the consistent pursuit of MI research. In addition to electrocardiogram, echocardiography, coronary angiography, etc., circulating biomarkers are essential for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment effect monitoring of MI patients. In this review, we assessed both strength and weakness of MI circulating biomarkers including: (1) originated from damaged myocardial tissues including current golden standard cardiac troponin, (2) released from non-myocardial tissues due to MI-induced systems reactions, and (3) preexisted in blood circulation before the occurrence of MI event. We also summarized newly reported MI biomarkers. We proposed that the biomarkers preexisting in blood circulation before MI incidents should be emphasized in research and development for MI prevention in near future.
Exploring the Relationships Between Hemodynamic Stresses in the Carotid Arteries
Authors: Ziegler Magnus , Alfraeus Jesper , Good Elin , Engvall Jan , de Muinck Ebo , Dyverfeldt Petter
Published: February 2021

Background: Atherosclerosis manifests as a focal disease, often affecting areas with complex hemodynamics such as the carotid bifurcation. The magnitude and regularity of the hemodynamic shear stresses acting on the vessel wall are thought to generate risk patterns unique to each patient and play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The involvement of different expressions of shear stress in the pathogenesis of carotid atherosclerosis highlights the need to characterize and compare the differential impact of the various expressions of shear stress in the atherosclerotic carotid bifurcation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to characterize and compare hemodynamic wall shear stresses (WSS) in the carotid arteries of subjects with asymptomatic atherosclerotic plaques. Shear stresses were also compared against vessel diameter and bifurcation angle to examine the relationships with the geometry of the carotid bifurcation.

Methods: 4D Flow MRI and contrast-enhanced MRA data were acquired for 245 subjects with atherosclerotic plaques of at least 2.7 mm in conjunction with the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Following automatic segmentation and geometric analysis, time-resolved WSS and near-wall turbulent kinetic energy (nwTKE) were derived from the 4D Flow data. Whole-cycle parameters including time-averaged WSS and nwTKE, and the oscillatory shear index (OSI) were calculated. Pairwise Spearman rank-correlation analyses were used to investigate relationships among the hemodynamic as well as geometric parameters.

Results: One hundred and seventy nine subjects were successfully segmented using automated tools and subsequently geometric and hemodynamic analyses were performed. Temporally resolved WSS and nwTKE were strongly correlated, ρ = 0.64. Cycle-averaged WSS and nwTKE were moderately correlated, ρ = 0.57. Cycle-average nwTKE was weakly correlated to OSI (ρ = −0.273), revealing that nwTKE provides information about disturbed flow on the vessel wall that OSI does not. In this cohort, there was large inter-individual variation for both WSS and nwTKE. Both WSS and nwTKE varied most within the external carotid artery. WSS, nwTKE, and OSI were weakly correlated to vessel diameter and bifurcation angle.

Conclusion: The turbulent and mean component of WSS were examined together in vivo for the first time, and a strong correlation was found between them. nwTKE presents the opportunity to quantify turbulent wall stresses in vivo and gain insight into the effects of disturbed flow on the vessel wall. Neither vessel diameter nor bifurcation angle were found to be strongly correlated to the turbulent or mean component of WSS in this cohort.
Early Aortic Valve Replacement vs. Conservative Management in Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yuan Tan , Lu Yi , Bian Chang , Cai Zhejun
Published: February 2021

Background: Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular disease in developed countries. Until now, the specific timing of intervention for asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved ejection fraction remains controversial.

Methods: A systematic search of four databases (Pubmed, Web of science, Cochrane library, Embase) was conducted. Studies of asymptomatic patients with severe AS or very severe AS and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction underwent early aortic valve replacement (AVR) or conservative care were included. The end points included all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and non-cardiac mortality.

Results: Four eligible studies were identified with a total of 1,249 participants. Compared to conservative management, patients who underwent early AVR were associated with lower all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and non-cardiac mortality rate (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.09–0.31, P < 0.00001; OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.02–0.62, P = 0.01; OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.21–0.63, P = 0.0003, respectively).

Conclusions: Early AVR is preferable for asymptomatic severe AS patients with preserved ejection fraction.
Do Conceptual Innovations Facilitate Transformative Change? The Case of Biodiversity Governance
Authors: Hysing Erik , Lidskog Rolf
Published: February 2021

This paper explores to what extent and in what ways conceptual innovations matter for biodiversity governance. A three-step analysis is employed, starting with identifying theoretical insights on how concepts matter for transformative change. These insights provide a lens for examining the academic debate on the Ecosystem Services concept and for identifying critical conceptual challenges related to transformative change. Finally, how the concept is used and valued in policy practice is explored through an empirical study of policy practitioners in Sweden. Based on this investigation we conclude that the ES concept holds important but restricted properties for transformative change. The ES concept provides new meanings in the form of economic valuation of nature, but these remain highly contested and difficult to practice; ES function as a boundary object, but poorly integrates social analysis and, in practice engages professionals, rather than resulting in more inclusive public participation; and ES function performatively by reflecting a technocratic ideal and raising awareness rather than targeting fundamental political challenges. Finally, the paper returns to the general questions of how conceptual innovations can generate transformative change and argues that in the continued work of conceptually developing the Nature's Contribution to People, researchers and practitioners need to pay close attention to interpretive frames, political dimensions, and institutional structures, necessitating a strong role for social analysis in this process of conceptual innovation.
SARS-CoV-2 Genomes From Oklahoma, United States
Authors: Narayanan Sai , Ritchey John C. , Patil Girish , Narasaraju Teluguakula , More Sunil , Malayer Jerry , Saliki Jeremiah , Kaul Anil , Agarwal Pratul K. , Ramachandran Akhilesh
Published: February 2021

Genomic sequencing has played a major role in understanding the pathogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). With the current pandemic, it is essential that SARS-CoV-2 viruses are sequenced regularly to determine mutations and genomic modifications in different geographical locations. In this study, we sequenced SARS-CoV-2 from five clinical samples obtained in Oklahoma, United States during different time points of pandemic presence in the state. One sample from the initial days of the pandemic in the state and four during the peak in Oklahoma were sequenced. Previously reported mutations including D614G in S gene, P4715L in ORF1ab, S194L, R203K, and G204R in N gene were identified in the genomes sequenced in this study. Possible novel mutations were also detected in the S gene (G1167V), ORF1ab (A6269S and P3371S), ORF7b (T28I), and ORF8 (G96R). Phylogenetic analysis of the genomes showed similarity to other SARS-CoV-2 viruses reported from across the globe. Structural characterization indicates that the mutations in S gene possibly influences conformational flexibility and motion of the spike protein, and the mutations in N gene are associated with disordered linker region within the nucleocapsid protein.