bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studi Perbandingan Kemampuan Gerak Lokomotor dan Manipulatif di Dataran Rendah dan Dataran Tinggi pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Pamungkas Ridho , Wahyudi Usman , Angga Prayogi Dwina
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Locomotor and manipulative motion are basic movements that are important to master at age 9-10 year because they can affect movement and play activities. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the basic movements of children age 9-10 years in the low and hidhlands. This research is a compararative research with quantitative descriptive research type with survey method. The results of the research that have been analyzed using the normality test in the lowlands obtained a significant value of 0.064 greater than 0.05, so the results is normally distributed. The result of the normality test in highlands have a significant value of 0.061 greater than 0.05, which means that the data is normally distributed. The homogenity test results got a significant value of 0.890 greater than 0.05, so the results was homogeneous. Then proceed with the difference test obtained a significant value of 0.004 less than 0.05 means that there is a significant difference. Based on the result of the analysis, it can be concluded that there are differences in locomotor and manipulative motion in the lowlands which are lower than in the highlands.

Abstrak: Gerak lokomotor dan manipulatif merupakan gerak dasar yang penting untuk dikuasai pada umur 9-10 tahun karena dapat mempengaruhi aktifitas gerak dan bermain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan gerak dasar anak usia 9-10 tahun di daerah dataran rendah dan tinggi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian komparatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Hasil dari data yang sudah di analisis menggunakan uji normalitas pada dataran rendah diperoleh nilai signifikan sebesar 0,064 lebih dari 0,05 maka data berdistribusi normal. Hasil analisis uji normalitas di dataran tinggi memiliki nilai signifikan 0,061 lebih dari 0,05 yang berarti data berdistribusi normal. Hasil uji homogenitas mendapat nilai signifikan 0,890 lebih dari 0,05 maka data homogen. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji beda diperoleh nilai signifikan 0,004 kurang dari 0,05 berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan. Berdasarkan dari analisis bisa disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan gerak lokomotor dan manipulatif di dataran 0-200 mdpl lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan dataran 700 mdpl keatas.
Bienestar y felicidad: impactos del ingreso, la riqueza y el empleo en el bienestar subjetivo en el ámbito urbano. El caso de Montevideo
Authors: Camacho Micaela , Horta Roberto
Published: June 2022

El bienestar, sus componentes y determinantes han retomado importancia en la teoría económica, y se han convertido en un tema actual y significativo. Por ello, este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer el impacto de tres variables económicas del bienestar objetivo en la felicidad (bienestar subjetivo) de los individuos, en el ámbito urbano. A través de un modelo de regresión logística aplicado a datos de la ciudad de Montevideo, se pudo observar que existe una relación significativa entre el ingreso, la riqueza y el desempleo de un individuo con la probabilidad de que se autoproclame feliz (positiva en los dos primeros casos y negativa en el tercero). Los resultados obtenidos permiten asistir a la construcción de política pública en lo que respecta a la relevancia de las variables consideradas.
Impacto económico de la violencia de pareja: el caso de dos empresas colombianas
Authors: Contreras Francoise , Beltrán y Puga Alma , Cortés-García Claudia M.
Published: June 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue visibilizar los costos económicos que la violencia hacia las mujeres tiene para el sector empresarial desde la perspectiva de género. Como parte de una metodología ya diseñada, se aplicaron cuestionarios previamente validados a una muestra de 172 trabajadores de dos empresas colombianas. El cuestionario evaluó el impacto de la violencia en la productividad laboral desde la perspectiva del agresor y de la agredida, en términos de ausentismo, tardanzas y presentismo. Se encontró que el costo de la violencia de pareja en las dos empresas ascendió a 28.692,68 dólares en el último año. Este monto en relación con el tamaño de la muestra permite comprender la magnitud del problema y el impacto que dicha violencia tendría sobre el producto interno bruto nacional. Se discuten estos hallazgos.
Inclusión y alfabetización financiera: el caso de trabajadores estudiantes de nivel superior en Los Lagos, Chile
Authors: Ferrada Luz María , Montaña Virginia
Published: June 2022

En esta investigación se estudió la relación entre inclusión y alfabetización financiera de trabajadores estudiantes de carreras técnicas profesionales de la región de Los Lagos, Chile. Los objetivos específicos fueron medir la asociación entre alfabetización e inclusión financiera, analizar si existe una ventaja de inclusión al estar alfabetizado y evaluar el impacto de la alfabetización financiera en la inclusión. La muestra estuvo conformada por 470 estudiante-trabajadores y la metodología incluyó indicadores sintéticos, indicadores de asociación y estadísticos paramétricos y no paramétricos. Los resultados señalan una asociación positiva y significativa entre inclusión y alfabetización financiera. En general, los alfabetizados obtienen una ventaja de inclusión y se observa un efecto causal del comportamiento y conocimiento de productos financieros sobre la inclusión, aunque desde la alfabetización global.
The comorbidity of diabetes-depression and its association with disability amongst elderly prison inmates
Authors: Bravo-Cucci Sergio , Cruz-Gonzales Gloria , Medina-Espinoza Regina , Paca-Palao Ada
Published: June 2022

Objectives: The objective of the study was to verify the strength of association of depression as a comorbidity of diabetes with the presence of six types of disability in the elderly in prison. Material and method: Cross-sectional association study based on a secondary analysis of the 2016 Peru National Penitentiary Census. The population were older adults, who were held in prisons in Peru. Inmates 60 years of age or older, and both sexes were included. The response variables were the six types of permanent disability. The exposure variables were the self-report of diabetes, depression and the comorbidity of depression with diabetes diagnosed by a health professional. The sample was constituted by 2. 658 older adults. Results: There was an increase in the probability of presenting the six disabilities analyzed due to the presence of comorbid diabetes with depression (p <0.05). The measure of greatest strength of association is for the disability to relate OR(a) 10.23, followed by the disability to move OR(a) 6.12 and the lowest strength of association found was for the hearing impairment OR(a) 2.80. Discussion: A significant increase was found in the probability of presenting the six disabilities analyzed due to the presence of comorbid diabetes with depression compared to suffering from only one of these conditions or not suffering from them.
Comparative Study of the Error Trend and Seasonal Exponential Smoothing and ARIMA Model using COVID-19 Death Rate in Nigeria
Authors: Adams Samuel Olorunfemi , Somto Godwin
Published: June 2022

In the last two years, COVID-19 had claimed millions of life in Nigeria and the world at large. It is an established global health emergency of our time and an ongoing threat faced by the world up till now. This study aims to determine the trend, fit an appropriate Error Trend and Seasonal (ETS) exponential smoothing and ARIMA model to the COVID-19 daily deaths in Nigeria. Dataset on the daily COVID-19 confirmed death cases were utilized in the study. The data was extracted from the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) online database from 10th July 2020 to 2nd December 2021. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and twelve (12) (ETS) exponential smoothing techniques were compared based on the dataset. The performance of the ARIMA and ETS exponential smoothing methods was investigated using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), Hannan Quinn Information Criterion (HQC), and AMSE selection criteria. The best time series modeling for the coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic in Nigeria was the ARIMA (0,1,0) because its model selection criteria showed that it had the lowest value of; AIC=2863.51, BIC= 2866.90, HQ = 2866.90, and AMSE = 0.55471. ARIMA (0,1,0) model is preferred among the thirteen (13) competing models based on daily confirmed deaths due to COVID-19 in Nigeria.
Deficient irrigation of vegetable crops
Authors: Fedosov A. Yu. , Menshikh A. M. , Ivanova M. A.
Published: June 2022

Water is one of the main factors for the production of vegetable crops due to its crucial role in the absorption and transport of nutrients, temperature regulation and some physiological processes, including photosynthesis. Considering the growing needs of a growing population for food and nutrients, a significant part of agricultural research is focused on improving the use efficiency (WUE - Water use efficiency) and saving water without reducing yields. Given the difficulty of increasing WUE through selection due to the tradeoff between photosynthesis and transpiration, agronomic strategies are needed. Due to the shallow root system and the fresh sale of vegetable products, vegetable crops are relatively more sensitive to moisture than field crops. Deficit irrigation (DI) is a direct approach to saving water by reducing irrigation to increase water productivity (WP - Water productivity). Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root drying (PRD) are two widely used DI planning methods along with the classic DI approach. We searched the peer-reviewed literature for studies reporting yield differences in vegetable crops subjected to irrigation deficits. The search was conducted on Google Scholar and Web of Science using various combinations of the following keywords: vegetable crop yield and irrigation deficit or moisture shortage or water shortage or drought. Moderate levels of water stress (<65% FI) adversely affect vegetable yields regardless of external factors such as soil structure, climate and production system. This level of irrigation is justified for regions where water restrictions are already in place or forecast. Based on WP growth, irrigation levels as low as 35–50% FI for tomato and pepper, and 50–65% FI for onions and <35% FI for eggplant and watermelon are optimal for areas with severe water scarcity. However, a higher water deficit may also have an adverse effect on quality in terms of reduced fruit/root/bulb size.
Cultivation of sorts and hybrids of sweet corn as the main crop in Karakalpakstan
Authors: Sanaev S. T. , Saparniyazov I. A.
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study was to determine the growth, development and yield of sweet corn varieties and hybrids as vegetables during the soil-climatic conditions of Karakalpakstan.

Methods. The 8 cultivars and 8 hybrids studied were evaluated for growth, development and yield in Karakalpakstan in 2017-2019. Selection work was carried out on varieties and hybrids. Varieties and hybrids with a positive result based on the selection results were recommended for use in subsequent experiments.

Results. After sowing the seeds of the studied 8 varieties and 8 hybrids of vegetable (sweet) corn, the duration of the germination period was 7-9 days. Relatively early germination between cultivars and hybrids Zamin, Can. Pedro 2 Inta, Berys varieties, relatively late germination was recorded in 9 days in SPV 1022, Leonard's Early, Honey Bontam F1, Spirit F1, Megaton F1, Baron F1, Soyan F1, Hybrid F1. It has been established that the period from germination to the stage of leaf formation (7 leaves) is 13-16 days, the period from the stage of leaf formation (7 leaves)to the panicle formation is 23-33 days, the period from the panicle formation to flowering is 4-6 days, the period from flowering to the cob formation is 9-15 days. In the studied varieties and hybrids, the period from the cob formation to milky ripeness was 13-18 days, from milky ripeness to waxy ripeness lasted up to 4-8 days.The study of the duration of the development phases of varieties and hybrids showed that the growth period from germination to milky-wax ripeness is 75-85 days. Early yield was observed in hybrids Baron F1, Sweet star F1, Spirit F1, Soyan F1, vegetation period 73-77 days, relatively early yield was observed in varieties and hybrids Zamin, Sentinel F1, SPV 1022, Osnova 209, Hybrid F1, Can Pedro 2 Inta, Clx3349ys clause, growing season 79-81 days.The selection of varieties and hybrids most appropriate to the soil and climatic conditions of Karakalpakstan was carried out and recommended for cultivation by farmers and dekhkan farms.
The effect of the addition of flour from the root tubers of sweet potato varieties (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) with colored pulp on the baking and consumer qualities of wheat bread
Authors: Bobkov V. S. , Polyakova M. N. , Meleshin A. A. , Voronchikhina I. N.
Published: June 2022

Relevance. Currently, there is an increasing interest in nutritional supplements of natural origin. One of the crops that can be used for this is sweet potato. The inclusion of flour from dried sweet potato tubers with colored pulp in the recipe of wheat bread can contribute to its enrichment with vitamins and antioxidants. Therefore, the study of the suitability of sweet potato tubers obtained in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem Zone for use as an additive in the production of bread is an urgent task.

Material and methods. The article presents the results of a comparative study of the appearance and taste of bread with the addition of various amounts of powder from root tubers with colored pulp of two varieties of sweet potato (Purple 1 - anthocyanin and Beauregard – carotenoids).

Results. It has been established that sweet potato root tubers grown in the conditions of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem zone are suitable for use as a natural food additive to wheat bread. The positive effect of preliminary steaming of tubers before drying on the volumetric yield of bread and the color of its crumb was revealed. The studied varieties of sweet potato differed significantly in the yield of air-dry powder - the Purple 1 variety had an advantage over the Beauregard variety. Bread with additions of 5% and 10% of Purple 1 tuber powder was characterized by the best appearance and taste. The Beauregard variety had a high sugar content, which negatively affected the consumer advantages of bread with its additives.
Results of application of organomineral fertilizer obtained with biocatalytic processes
Authors: Nikitin E. B. , Proskurina L. I. , Belov A. N. , Sharov B. A. , Uryumceva T. I.
Published: June 2022

Relevance. The results of a study on the use of organomineral fertilizers obtained using biocatalytic processes for detoxification of poultry waste and their influence on the growth and development of plants during the growing season are presented.

Methodology. For poultry farms, it is necessary to create and introduce waste-free technologies for the preparation of fertilizers. To increase the efficiency of the fertilizer as a biological catalyst, we used a bacterial growth stimulator sodium humate, obtained by us according to a previously developed technology from brown coal from the Maikubenskoye deposit in the Republic of Kazakhstan («Method for producing sodium humate» Patent No. 4600 RK), as well as a sorbent based on sodium humate (a by-product of obtaining sodium humate), which was used to detoxify the feedstock and the resulting product from heavy metals and their salts due to its absorption-adsorption and complexing properties. For the developed technology for producing organic fertilizers, an application has been submitted for obtaining a Patent for the invention of the Republic of Kazakhstan «Method for producing organic fertilizers» (priority No. 2021-22818, dated July 13, 2021). Studies to determine the effectiveness of the resulting fertilizer were carried out on the experimental plots of the peasant farm «Flame», Pavlodar district of Pavlodar region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the soil intended for growing seedlings of tomatoes of the «Pepper-shaped Orange» variety and peppers of the «Bogatyr» variety, the resulting fertilizer was applied in an amount of 1 kg per 1 m2 of soil, which was dug to a depth of 8-10 cm and used for growing seedlings in greenhouses and in subsequent for planting it in open ground. xperimental and control studies were carried out under equivalent climatic conditions, scheme and technology of watering plants. In total, 100 bushes of each plant species were used in the experiment.

Results. The use of the obtained organomineral fertilizer makes it possible to increase the yield of vegetable crops (tomatoes, peppers) by 20-25% in comparison with the control. In addition, in the experimental samples, an increase in the number of fruits on the bush was noted with an increase in their size, a decrease in the growing season and the number of damaged fruits.
Einleitung Teil III
Authors: Reimer Ulrich
Published: June 2022

Einleitung Teil III
Coinfection and in vitro interaction of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae and Pestalotiopsis mangiferae associated with dieback in branches of mango (Mangifera indica) Manila variety, in Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Saucedo-Picazo Liliana Eunice , Hernández-Montiel Luis Guillermo , Flores-Estévez Norma , Gerez-Fernández Patricia , Argüello-Ortiz Angel Fernando , Noa-Carrazana Juan Carlos
Published: June 2022

Dieback disease caused by fungal complexes is a severe problem in mango trees (Mangifera indica). Its main symptoms are branch rot, gummosis, and finally, the tree’s death. In this work, the species of the fungal complex causing mango dieback in the Manila variety in Veracruz, Mexico were identified. The in vitro interaction of two species belonging to the complex was evaluated and the severity of the co-infection in mango branches. Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae and Pestalotiopsis mangiferae were identified as causal agents of mango dieback in the producing area of Veracruz. In coinfected mango branches, greater severity of necrosis was observed than in individual infections. Liquid culture filtrates applied in co-cultures showed different results for each species of phytopathogen. The P. mangiferae filtrate had no significant antagonistic effects on the growth of L. pseudotheobromae (inhibition of 2.68%), while the L. pseudotheobromae filtrate inhibited 41.38% of P. mangiferae. The results show that multiple infections in mango trees increase the damage caused by dieback, which could directly impact the development of control strategies.
Maintaining Onion Seed Quality during Storage Through Seed Priming
Authors: Panghal V.P.S. , Bhuker Axay , Duhan D.S. , Kumar Amit
Published: June 2022

Background: Seed is an important component and the quality seed plays a crucial role in agricultural production as well as in the national economy. Availability of viable and vigorous seeds at the planting time is important. Onion seeds have a short life span among the vegetable crops and lose viability rapidly after harvest. The main reason for the low quality of onion seeds includes a long flowering period resulting in different stages of seed maturity in the umbel, very fast reduction of viability if stored in suboptimal conditions and seed infestation with fungi. Seed priming is a widely used technique to enhance seed performance during storage. Methods: The seed was primed with Neem leaf powder (100 g/kg) after hydration and dehydration, hydration with KH2PO4 (2.0%), KNO3 (1.0%), K2SO4 (1.0%) and Captan (N-trichloromethylthio-4-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboximide) at 2.5 g/kg and stored in polyethylene (100µ) bags under ambient conditions. After each treatment, seeds were dried back to their original moisture content under shade. Result: The results revealed that different priming treatments had a significant effect on germination percentage, seedling length and vigour index-I except for moisture percentage in both the years. The maximum germination (74.1 and 71.2%) was observed in seeds treated with Captan (2.5 g/kg) followed by Neem leaf powder 100 g/kg seed (71.1 and 69.72%) during 2014-15 and 2015-16, respectively. The onion seeds primed with KH2PO4 (2.0%), KNO3 (1.0%) and K2SO4 (1.0%) had an adverse effect on seed germination. The germination decreased significantly with the increase in the storage period. The maximum seedling emergence (60.0%) was observed from the seed primed with Captan (2.5 g/kg) followed by Neem leaf powder 100 g/kg seed (56.1%).
Locomotive Diesel Gas-Air Tract Diagnostics with the Use of Intellectual Classifier
Authors: Grachev Vladimir , Fedotov Mihail , Grischenko Aleksandr , Bazilevskiy Fedor , Sharapov Aleksandr
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Efficiency increase of operational monitoring of technical state of gas-air tract (GAT) of a locomotive diesel, assessment of possibility of using locomotive regular measuring tools to monitor diesel GAT technical state; feasibility justification for expanding the list of GAT parameters that are monitored by locomotive board diagnostics. Methods: An intelligent classifier based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm is used to determine the current technical condition (TC) class of GAT. Training sample of 96 item volume for eight classes of GAT TC was formed using “Diesel-RK” software complex. Classifier structure three variants were studied, differing in the set of input parameter vector components: regular, with two inputs (pressure increase degree in a supercharger and exhaust gas temperature before a turbine), expanded, with additional control of turbocharger rotor rotation speed, and proposed, with control of air instantaneous consumption by a diesel instead. Model quality was assessed by cross-validation on five fragments and by classification results for test sample which wasn’t used while training. Results: Classification accuracy of testing sample by classifier with input parameter regular set doesn’t exceed 41%. The expansion of being controlled list of parameter on account of inclusion therein of turbocharger rotor rotation speed does not noticeably affect diagnostic system efficiency, increasing diagnostic accuracy only till 43%. At the same time, rotor rotation speed replacement with air instantaneous consumption rises testing sample classification accuracy till 91%. Practical significance: The effectiveness of the use of machine learning methods for operative monitoring of diesel GAT technical state at condition of optimization of the list of diesel parameters, controlled by locomotive board diagnostics tools, is confirmed. With the purpose to increase control efficiency it is recommended to include diesel instantaneous air consumption into the list with parallel exclusion from their of a turbocharger rotor rotation frequency.
Complex Spatial Geometry of Curved Sections on High-Speed Railways
Authors: Shkurnikov Sergey , Bulakaeva Ol'ga , Anisimov Vladimir
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The paper poses some promising trends of modern projection science development for high-speed railway plan and profile. The main objective of the trends is to critically rethink the provisions of the existing regulatory design base of the projection. The question on inadmissibility of the arrangement of complex spatial geometry sections — the sections of coincidence of a vertical curve in a profile and a passage curve in a plan — is one of such provisions. Methods: In the frames of the conducted research, a theoretical approach to the determination of force impacts at the section of complex spatial geometry is proposed. Results: It is established that force impact value is caused by vertical curve direction (convex or concave), as well as by calculated value of outstanding acceleration in being considered curve, Studies of the influence of sections with complex spatial geometry on the dynamics of high-speed rolling stock motion show that at certain combination of circular and vertical curve radii for motion various speeds, it is possible to minimize negative dynamic effects caused by the presence of complex spatial geometry section. Practical importance: As a result of the work, it was found that at speeds of 350 km/h or more, the superimposition of a vertical curve in the profile and a passage curve in the plan is acceptable without applying additional requirements to the curve parameters. The radius of the circular curve should be increased by 30-60% at speeds of less than 350 km/h.
Development of a Power Source for Vibroacoustic Diagnosis Position of Locomotive Depot Bearings
Authors: Shadmonhodzhaev Murodilla , Zelenchenko Aleksey
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Two possible variants of power sources are considered: controlled three-phase bridge rectifier circuit with a step-down transformer and a pulse converter, getting power from the mains via uncontrolled three-phase bridge rectifier (Larionov circuit) for bringing into rotation with the required frequency of wheel-motor units of electric locomotives and electric trains at the position of indiscriminate diagnosis of bearings. In both cases, it is assumed that power sources receive electro-energy from a depot circuit — 380/220 V, 50 Hz. The comparison of proposed power supply options based on the assessment of energy consumption efficiency is carried out. A capacity coefficient and capacity loss in power supplies are used as measures for energy-consumption efficiency. Methods: Analytical methods are used to determine capacity losses in a transformer, controlled three–phase thyristor rectifier, uncontrolled three-phase diode rectifier, input filter of a pulse converter, IGBT transistor and reverse diode of a pulse converter. Results: Energetical indicators were determined: power losses in a transformer, a controlled three–phase thyristor rectifier, an uncontrolled three-phase diode rectifier, an input filter of a pulse converter, an IGBT transistor and a reverse diode of a pulse converter. Based on the pursued assessment of the energetical indicators of power supply two options, it is concluded on feasibility of transformer-free circuit application in bearings’ position of vibration-acoustic diagnosis. Practical importance: A variant of an energy–efficient power supply for the position of indiscriminate vibroacoustic diagnosis is proposed, which includes an uncontrolled semiconductor rectifier and a pulse converter, accomplished using an IGBT transistor.
Risk Factor of Dietary Habit with Cholelithiasis
Authors: Lysandra Annora Zerlina , Putri Wairooy Nabilah Azzah , Ifadha Rania Tasya , Ramainaldo S. Adra Achirultan , Albright Ivan Angelo , Izzah Alifah Fajriyyatul , Rahma M. Viky Nafi’ah , Lestari Pudji
Published: June 2022

Cholelithiasis affects 10-15% of the adult population. There are four main factors commonly associated with cholelithiasis abbreviated as "4F’’namely female, forty, fertile and fat. However, the relationship between dietary habits as a risk factor of cholelithiasis has not been explained. The aim of the study was to determine the association between dietary habits and cholelithiasis. This study used a systematic review design with a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and SAGE published from 2017 to 2021. Five studies (three prospective cohorts and two case-control studies) were included. The overall analysis of studies reported a significant risk factor of cholelithiasis in high intake of animal fats, meat, and fried foods and significant protection against cholelithiasis in high intake of fruits, nuts, fish, MUFA/SFA, n-3 FA/omega-3 fatty acids, and vegetables. Healthy dietary habits characterized by high intake in vegetables, fruits, fish, MUFA/SFA, n-3 FA/omega-3 fatty acids, and nuts will lower the risk of cholelithiasis.
İbn Haldûn Umrân Mefhumunu Uygarlık/Medeniyet Anlamında mı Kullandı? Kuramsal ve Tarihsel Bir Tahlil
Authors: ÖTENKAYA Yusuf
Published: June 2022

Umrân genellikle ikincil literatürde soyut kalan, neyi ifade ettiği tam anlamıyla belli olmayan, farklı yaklaşımlara göre değişkenlik arz eden bir kavramdır. Türkçe literatürde bu genellikle “medeniyet/uygarlık” ya da “toplum” olarak karşılanırken, İngilizce literatürde ise “civilisation” ile karşılanmıştır. Hadarî umrân ise bedevîliğin zıddı olan “yerleşiklik” anlamında kullanılırken, bazen de “uygar yaşam” olarak telakki edilmiştir. İbn Haldûn’un sıklıkla kullandığı bu mefhumlara yönelik yapılan alımlama, söz konusu kavramların derinliğinin sınırlandırılmasına neden olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bunun önüne geçebilmek amacıyla kavramın bağlam içerisindeki yerine odaklanılarak, mefhumun maddi gelişmelerden uzak, “toplumsal ortam” anlamında kullanıldığı öne çıkarılacaktır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle umrânın genel olarak karşılandığı medeniyet/uygarlık ifadesinin tarihsel süreç içerisindeki serüveni mercek altına alınacak ve daha sonrasında bağlam dahilinde İbn Haldûn’un nasıl bir umrân anlayışı geliştirdiği hususunda farklı bir perspektif geliştirilerek söz konusu kavramın din, devlet, toplum, tarih, akıl ve ilim gibi pek çok hususla olan bağıntısı tartışılacaktır. Bu amaçla Türkçe ve İngilizce literatürde umrân kavramının nasıl alımlandığı, Batı’nın geliştirdiği medeniyet mefhumunun bu kavramı nasıl tahdit ettiği doğrultusunda hem söz konusu literatür hem de İbn Haldûn’un konuya olan yaklaşımları esas alınacaktır.
Liquid biopsies to predict CDK4/6 inhibitor efficacy and resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Main Sasha C. , Cescon David W. , Bratman Scott V.
Published: June 2022

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy have transformed the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer. However, some patients do not respond to this treatment, and patients inevitably develop resistance, such that novel biomarkers are needed to predict primary resistance, monitor treatment response for acquired resistance, and personalize treatment strategies. Circumventing the spatial and temporal limitations of tissue biopsy, newly developed liquid biopsy approaches have the potential to uncover biomarkers that can predict CDK4/6 inhibitor efficacy and resistance in breast cancer patients through a simple blood test. Studies on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based liquid biopsy biomarkers of CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance have focused primarily on genomic alterations and have failed thus far to identify clear and clinically validated predictive biomarkers, but emerging epigenetic ctDNA methodologies hold promise for further discovery. The present review outlines recent advances and future directions in ctDNA-based biomarkers of CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment response.
Current status of the treatment of paragonimiasis
Authors: Richter Joachim
Published: June 2022

Paragonimiasis, a foodborne trematodiasis is caused by various Paragonimus species endemic in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Human infection occurs through consuming improperly cooked freshwater crustaceans, crabs or crayfish, eating raw meat of paratenic hosts or by ingesting metacercariae from contaminated hands and cooking utensils. More than 292 million persons worldwide are at risk. The morbidity associated with paragonimiasis includes acute febrile illness and chronic pleuro-pulmonary manifestations which may be confounded with tuberculosis or lung cancer. Ectopic manifestations mostly involve the central nervous system, heart, or subcutaneous tissues. Objectives: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of currently available drugs praziquantel (PZQ) and triclabendazole (TCZ). Methods: a PubMed and Google Scholar search and reference selection was performed according to the the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews protocol using a combination of the terms “paragonimiasis” AND “treatment” OR “therap*” from 01/2000 to 02/2022. Results: no randomized controlled trials were identified. Five open trials on 487 patients treated with PZQ showed 81%-100% parasite clearance depending on dosage and duration. Three open trials on 226 patients with TCZ showed a 99.6% efficacy. A quantitative comparison was not applicable to retrospective analyses of hospital records, case series and case reports because of surgical interventions, various co-morbidities and -medications and definitions of cure. Some patients treated with PZQ required multiple courses or re-treatment with TCZ, whereas one patient treated with TCZ required re-treatment with PZQ. Conclusions: PZQ and TCZ are usually effective for treating paragonimiasis. Controlled randomized trials are required to compare the safety, efficacy and applicability of PZQ versus TCZ and to evaluate combined PZQ-TCZ therapy.
The Effect of Capital Structure on Telecommunication Firm Performance
Authors: Rizal Ahmad Fauzi  , Noer Azam Achsani  , Trias Andati  , Lukytawati Anggraeni
Published: June 2022

This study analyzes the effect of capital structure on the performance of telecommunications firms. The firm performance is measured by return on assets while capital structure is proxied with the ratio of debt total assets. Data of telecommunication firm in 62 countries period of year 2010-2020 proceed with a dynamic data panel regression model using the generalized method of moment approach. The empirical results indicated that capital structure of telecommunication firm has significantly impact to the firm performance in developed and developing countries as well as in integrated and wireless telecommunication firms.  The other factors that effect on firm performance are firm size and growth. The novelty of this study lies in the scope of analyses that cover world-wide telecommunication industry based on demographic group (developed and developing countries) and main businesses (integrated and wireless telecommunication).
Influence of porous wingtips on the formation of tip vortices
Authors: Lutsky Alexander Evgenievich , Severin Alexander Vladimirovich
Published: June 2022

The interaction of a wingtip made of a porous material with a tip vortex has been studied. It has been established that the porous tip significantly affects the structure and parameters of the vortex and reduces its intensity.
Community Health Worker Activities in Public Health Programs to Prevent Violence: Coding Roles and Scope
Authors: Barbero Colleen , Hafeedh Bin Abdullah Abdul , Wiggins Noelle , Garrettson Mariana , Jones Dean , S. Guinn Angie , Girod Candace , Bradford Joivita , Wennerstrom Ashley
Published: June 2022

In multiple and related forms, violence is a serious public health issue with lasting impacts on health and wellness in the United States. Community health workers (CHWs) are frontline public health workers and trusted members of communities.

We aimed to analyze recent examples of CHW activities in violence prevention public health programs with a goal of informing future programs and research. We collected more than 300 documents published between 2010 and 2020 to identify public health programs to prevent violence including CHW activities. We used an iterative process to develop and apply a coding scheme to the CHW activities.

We identified 20 public health programs to prevent violence which included CHW activities. CHWs most often addressed community violence, youth violence, and family violence and played an average of 8 of 10 core roles per program. Fewer than a third (i.e., 6 programs) reported community-focused CHW activities to address upstream and structural determinants of health inequities. This first examination, to our knowledge, of the intersection of the CHW and violence prevention literature shows that CHWs have played many of their core roles in public health programs to address multiple forms of violence. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(8):1191–1201. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306865 )
Medial Collateral Ligament Reconstruction for Valgus Instability After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Henstenburg Jeffrey M. , Kellish Alec S. , Good Robert P. , Freedman Kevin B.
Published: June 2022

Case:

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are a rare occurrence. Traditional treatment options include repair and revision to a constrained prosthesis. We present a case of an 80-year-old man who opted for MCL reconstruction in the setting of previous TKA due to late MCL injury from a skiing accident. The presentation, operative techniques, and outcomes of this treatment option are presented.

Conclusions:

MCL reconstruction in the setting of TKA can lead to a successful and satisfactory outcome without the need for revision TKA.
Pengembangan Song Terus sebagai Objek Wisata Edukasi Prasejarah di Pacitan
Authors: Sutrisno Edi , Iriyanti Sri , Ratnasari Sri Dwi
Published: June 2022

Pengembangan objek wisata Song Terus   mulai dilakukan dengan adanya pembangunan beberapa fasilitas di sekitar Song Terus untuk melengkapi sarana dan prasarana di area Song Terus. Pengembangan selanjutnya juga dilakukan dengan adanya Museum Situs Song Terus yang rencananya akan menampilkan  hasil temuan-temuan Song Terus khususnya dan penemuan purbakala di sekitar Gunung Sewu. Song Terus merupakan gua hunian prasejarah. Artefak yang ditemukan di Song Terus antara lain berupa fosil tulang hewan, cangkang kerang, pecahan gerabah, serpihan batu Rijang yang bahannya tidak diperoleh di sekitar Song Terus, fragmen tengkorak manusia, kerangka manusia, batu-batu dengan bekas pembakaran,alat-alat batu, alat-alat tulang, dan lain-lain. Song Terus  selama ini masih banyak digunakan sebagai penelitian oleh beberapa peneliti, mahasiswa, dan pelajar untuk tujuan penelitian dan pembelajaran. Song Terus dapat dikembangkan menjadi kawasan wisata edukasi prasejarah di Pacitan karena di Song Terus terdapat peninggalan prasejarah berupa artefak dan fosil.. Pengembangan dan pembangunan tersebut bertujuan supaya masyarakat tertarik untuk mengunjungi situs Prasejarah di Pacitan dengan tujuan rekreasi dan pembelajaran saat wisatawan mengunjungi tempat tersebut akan penasaran dengan temuan-temuan yang ada di Song Teru
mPFC-rTMS for patients with insomnia disorder using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sun Jingjing , Li Guohai , Zhang Danwei , Ding Kaimo , Zhu Jun , Luo Si , Xu Wenyue , Wang Zhoubing
Published: June 2022

Background
Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is safe and effective for insomnia disorder (ID). Convergent evidence show that medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) may be involved in the regulation of sleep and awakening at the cortical level, and may serve as a potential target of rTMS in the treatment of ID. The purpose of this clinical trial is to study the efficacy of mPFC-rTMS in the treatment ID and explore the neural mechanism using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
Methods and design:
this will be a parallel group randomized, patient- and assessor-blinded trial. The study will recruit 60 ID patients assigned to a real mPFC-rTMS group or a sham mPFC-rTMS group. The allocation ratio is 1:1, with 30 subjects in each group. Interventions will be administered five times per week over a 4-week period, with an 8-week follow-up period. All participants will undergo neuropsychological and fMRI evaluations. The primary outcome measures of this study is the change scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The secondary outcome measures include the fMRI measurements, the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), a sleep diary, and a polysomnography. Assessment of all parameters will be performed at baseline, post-treatment, and during follow-up.
Discussion
it is expected that the study results will provide strong evidence of the effectiveness and the neural mechanism by which mPFC-rTMS improves sleep quality in ID patients.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trials Register, ChiCTR2100054154. Registered on 10 December 2021.
Effects of Cryogenically-treated Stainless Steel on Eco-friendly Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Process
Authors: BOOPATHI SAMPATH
Published: June 2022

In this research, the influences of cryogenically treated stainless steel-grade 317 on the eco-friendly near-dry wire-cut electrical discharge machining (NDWEDM) processes have been investigated using minimum quantity of water mixed with oxygen gas dielectrics. The stainless-steel Grade-317 has been applied to make the various biomedical components. The wear ratio (WWR), and cutting rate (CR) are compared using cryogenically treated and un-treated work materials. The water flow rate, gas pressure, spark current, and pulse width had been considered as process parameters. All the tests were performed and compared by Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array. The surface topography of the machined surfaces and wear of wire had been illustrated for both treated/untreated materials by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. It was reported that the WWR and CR of cryogenically treated materials are 20.31% lower and 22.32% higher than untreated materials respectively.
A Study on foam buffer material based on wet-laid nonwoven foam forming method
Authors: Zhao Shiting , Wang Xiwen
Published: June 2022

The fiber porous material made by foam forming has the advantages of being lightweight, low cost, and easy-processing, but its high porosity also limits the mechanical properties. In this work, wet-laid nonwoven foam forming method as a novel approach was applied in the preparation of Lyocell fiber-based buffer materials. A stable foaming system of Lyocel fiber was explored, which can keep Lyoccell fiber dispersed well during the forming process to form a porous structure. When the fiber concentration is 3%, choosing SDBS as the foaming agent, pH=7, PET fiber and styrene-acrylic emulsion were used to improve material resilience and elastic modulus. Disintegrability tests under composting conditions also confirmed the biodegradable character of buffer materials.
Acceptability of hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection using multifunctional snare for small-sized gastric neoplasms: A prospective observational study
Authors: Chiyo Taiga , Kobara Hideki , Nishiyama Noriko , Nakatani Kaho , Tada Naoya , Koduka Kazuhiro , Matsui Takanori , Kobayashi Nobuya , Fujihara Shintaro , Yachida Tatsuo , Masaki Tsutomu
Published: June 2022

Background:
The most suitable procedure for resecting small-sized gastric neoplasms remains unclear. Endoscopic mucosal resection leads to non-curative resection owing to slippage of the snare, and technically difficult endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is instrumentally uneconomical. A novel, cost-effective, multifunctional snare called SOUTEN is available as a hybrid ESD (h-ESD) device developed for facilitating ESD. This study aimed to assess the acceptability of h-ESD using the SOUTEN for resecting small-sized gastric neoplasms.
Methods:
This was a prospective observational study conducted at our single institution between March 2019 and March 2021. Fifty-seven consecutive patients who underwent h-ESD using SOUTEN for small-sized gastric neoplasms ≤ 15 mm involving adenoma and tubular-type mucosal carcinoma without ulceration were enrolled. The primary outcome was en bloc resection rate of h-ESD. Secondary outcomes were the rates of curative resection, conversion to ESD, procedure time, rates of intra-and post-operative complications, and presence of additional knives excluding hemostatic forceps.
Results:
The en bloc resection rate of h-ESD was 91.2% (52/57). The curative resection rate was 94.7% (54/57) including conversion to ESD cases. The mean procedure time was 21.2 (± 16.5) minutes. One case of delayed bleeding occurred. Additional knives were applied in two cases.
Conclusion:
The cost-efficient h-ESD using SOUTEN can be an acceptable procedure for resecting small-sized gastric neoplasms.
Comparison of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion and Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion in Localized Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Authors: Chen Tangyiheng , Wang Yujie , Zhou Hong , Lin Cheng , Zhao Xingyi , Wang Genlin , Li Xuefeng , Chu Genglei , Jiang Weimin , Liu Yijie
Published: June 2022

The retrospective study was conducted to compare the efficacy of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) for localized ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) by evaluating clinical and radiologic outcomes. We reviewed 151 patients to assess the effects of treatment for localized OPLL. Perioperative parameters, such as blood loss, operation time and complications, were recorded. Radiologic outcomes, such as the occupying ratio (OR), fusion status, cervical lordosis angle, segmental angle, segmental height, T1 slope, and C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), were assessed. Clinical indices, such as the JOA scores and VAS scores, were investigated to compare the two surgical options. There were no significant differences in the JOA scores or VAS scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). The operation time, volume of blood loss and incidence of dysphagia were significantly less in the ACDF group than in the ACCF group(P < 0.05). In addition, cervical lordosis, segmental angle and segmental height were significantly different from their preoperative evaluations. Both groups had significantly improved T1 slopes. Moreover, C2–C7 SVA was significantly increased at the last follow-up. No adjacent segment degenerated in the ACDF group. The degeneration of the ACCF group was 4.1%. The incidence of CSF leaks was 7.8% in the ACDF group and 13.5% in the ACCF group. All the patients ultimately achieved successful fusion. Although both options achieved satisfactory primary clinical and radiographic efficacies, ACDF was associated with a shorter surgical procedure, less volume of intraoperative blood loss, better radiologic outcomes and lower incidence of dysphagia than ACCF.
Identifying the physical map-based locus of PFRU controlling flowering in cultivated octoploid strawberry by NGS-based genome wide association study.
Authors: Saiga Sorachi , Tada Maiko , Segawa Tenta , Nishikawa Minami , Makita Natsu , Sakamoto Minami , Tanaka Kanako , Wada Takuya , Takagi Hiroki
Published: June 2022

Controlling the flowering habit of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is important for extending its period of production and increasing yields. In strawberry, the single dominant Perpetual Flowering Runnering (PFRU) locus controls the perpetual flowering (PF) trait, as revealed using a traditional linkage analysis with DNA markers. Additional DNA markers for PFRU have been developed using the linkage map; however, they have only been applied to the limited cultivars showing polymorphisms. Furthermore, distinguishing between genotypes homozygous and heterozygous for PFRU is difficult because only the dominant markers were previously available. Here, we identified the PFRU locus by performing a genome-wide association study with whole-genome sequencing data and a publicly available reference genome and mapped the previously reported DNA marker onto a physical map of F. × ananassa. This accurate location for PFRU may facilitate the development of DNA markers that can be applied to various cultivars/lines, accelerating the breeding of PF-type strawberry cultivars and facilitating the isolation of the PFRU causal gene by further narrowing down the candidate region.