bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Cancer History in Cardiovascular Mortality Among Different Age-group Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Qiu Hongrui , Zhou Wenyi , Huang Qizhi , Lin Hongwei , Zhou Yubo , Wu Chaodong , Huang Yijie , Leng Jinhang
Published: November 2024

Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of noncancer-related mortality among differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) survivors, which accounts for a large portion of subsequent primary malignancies in childhood cancer survivors. This study aims to assess the risk of cardiovascular mortality among DTC as a second primary malignancy (DTC-2) patients compared with DTC as a first primary malignancy (DTC-1) and the general population.

Methods

Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we conducted a population-based cohort study including 159 395 DTC-1 and 20 010 DTC-2 patients diagnosed older than 30 between 1975 and 2020 and the corresponding US population (71 214 642 person-years; 41 420 893 cardiovascular deaths). Compared with general-population and DTC-1 patients, we calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of cardiovascular deaths among DTC-2 patients using Poisson regression. To adjust for unmeasured confounders, we performed a nested, case-crossover analysis among DTC-2 patients who died from CVD.

Results

Although DTC-2 patients had a comparable risk compared with the population (IRR 1.01) and a mildly increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with DTC-1 patients (IRR 1.26), the association was pronounced among individuals aged 30 to 74 years, especially 30 to 44 years (DTC-2 vs population: IRR 8.89; DTC-2 vs DTC-1: IRR 3.00). The risk elevation was greatest within the first month after diagnosis, compared with the population. The case-crossover analysis confirmed these results.

Conclusion

DTC-2 patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Clinicians should carefully monitor CVD and manage other CVD-related factors, such as exogenous thyroxine and emotional distress, for DTC-2 patients, especially for those under 75 years.

Novelty and Impact Statements

This study is the first comprehensive investigation into the cardiovascular mortality of DTC-2, revealing a higher risk compared to DTC-1 and the general population, especially for cases between 30 and 74 years old. The risk elevation was greatest within the first month after diagnosis. These findings emphasize the restriction of thyroid hormone suppression therapy and reinforce stress management to prevent premature DTC-2 patients from cardiovascular death.
Love, Actually? Theodor Adorno, Erich Fromm, and the Possibility of Love in Capitalist Modernity
Authors: Spiers Robbie
Published: November 2024

Love is not regularly associated with the Frankfurt School. Theodor Adorno and Erich Fromm are not regularly associated with each other. Yet, when we bring these Critical Theorists’ works together, a rich discussion of love emerges. Love is viewed by both as a dialectical force, bringing two subjects into union while also allowing them to cultivate their individual selves. Fromm and Adorno operate within the same Marxist philosophical tradition, meaning that they share concerns about the increasing commodification of love and the disappearance of genuine, spontaneous relationships between people. The similarities are not endless, however, and important differences between them remain: Fromm, with his optimism and his concern for existential issues, maintains a belief in revolutionary political change and high spiritual ideals that the materialist pessimist Adorno resists as comfortable illusions. Through this philosophical encounter, two faces of Critical Theory emerge, one oriented toward an analysis of the present and the other turned toward hopes for the future.
Have We Made Advancements in Optimizing Surgical Outcomes and Enhancing Recovery for Patients With High-Risk Adult Spinal Deformity Over Time?
Authors: Passias Peter G. , Passfall Lara , Tretiakov Peter S. , Das Ankita , Onafowokan Oluwatobi O. , Smith Justin S. , Lafage Virginie , Lafage Renaud , Line Breton , Gum Jeffrey , Kebaish Khaled M. , Than Khoi D. , Mundis Gregory , Hostin Richard , Gupta Munish , Eastlack Robert K. , Chou Dean , Forman Alexa , Diebo Bassel , Daniels Alan H. , Protopsaltis Themistocles , Hamilton D. Kojo , Soroceanu Alex , Pinteric Raymarla , Mummaneni Praveen , Kim Han Jo , Anand Neel , Ames Christopher P. , Hart Robert , Burton Douglas , Schwab Frank J. , Shaffrey Christopher , Klineberg Eric O. , Bess Shay ,   on behalf of the International Spine Study Group
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The spectrum of patients requiring adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery is highly variable in baseline (BL) risk such as age, frailty, and deformity severity. Although improvements have been realized in ASD surgery over the past decade, it is unknown whether these carry over to high-risk patients. We aim to determine temporal differences in outcomes at 2 years after ASD surgery in patients stratified by BL risk.

METHODS:

Patients ≥18 years with complete pre- (BL) and 2-year (2Y) postoperative data from 2009 to 2018 were categorized as having undergone surgery from 2009 to 2013 [early] or from 2014 to 2018 [late]. High-risk [HR] patients met ≥2 of the criteria: (1) ++ BL pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis or SVA by Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-Schwab criteria, (2) elderly [≥70 years], (3) severe BL frailty, (4) high Charlson comorbidity index, (5) undergoing 3-column osteotomy, and (6) fusion of >12 levels, or >7 levels for elderly patients. Demographics, clinical outcomes, radiographic alignment targets, and complication rates were assessed by time period for high-risk patients.

RESULTS:

Of the 725 patients included, 52% (n = 377) were identified as HR. 47% (n = 338) had surgery pre-2014 [early], and 53% (n = 387) underwent surgery in 2014 or later [late]. There was a higher proportion of HR patients in Late group (56% vs 48%). Analysis by early/late status showed no significant differences in achieving improved radiographic alignment by SRS-Schwab, age-adjusted alignment goals, or global alignment and proportion proportionality by 2Y (all P > .05). Late/HR patients had significantly less poor clinical outcomes per SRS and Oswestry Disability Index (both P < .01). Late/HR patients had fewer complications (63% vs 74%, P = .025), reoperations (17% vs 30%, P = .002), and surgical infections (0.9% vs 4.3%, P = .031). Late/HR patients had lower rates of early proximal junctional kyphosis (10% vs 17%, P = .041) and proximal junctional failure (11% vs 22%, P = .003).

CONCLUSION:

Despite operating on more high-risk patients between 2014 and 2018, surgeons effectively reduced rates of complications, mechanical failures, and reoperations, while simultaneously improving health-related quality of life.
ANALYSIS OF THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CORN HYBRIDS OF LLC "SELECTION", WHICH DIFFER IN THE DURATION OF THE GROWING SEASON, IN THE SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Mikhaylova Marina
Published: November 2024

The research was carried out on gray forest heavy loamy soils of the Ancestral region of the Republic of Tatarstan in order to identify the productivity and adaptability of hybrids of LLC "Selection" to local conditions. Thirteen hybrids of different growing season duration were sown: ultra-early – Severina, Bertha, Vidora, Sugar early Delicacy 121; early-ripening - Cool-175, Agatha, Spring-179, Spring–180, Cool-185, Darina; medium-early - Spring-279, Diana and Sugar Alina. The technology of corn cultivation was generally accepted for the Republic of Tatarstan. Background fertilizer N16P16K16 was applied for pre-sowing cultivation. Hybrids were evaluated according to the realization of feed and grain potential in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. During the years of research, the studied hybrids showed inherent genetic properties of drought resistance in relation to stressful weather and climatic conditions. The hybrids Rodnik-180 (189.0 cm), Severina (173.7 cm), Agate (173.0 cm) had the highest plant height in the phase of milk ripeness. The highest aboveground mass was observed in hybrids Rodnik-292 (63.88 t/ha), Severina (58.25 t/ha). The largest leaf apparatus was formed in the phase of milk ripeness by hybrids: Diana (47.48 thousand m2/ha) and Rodnik-292 (47.42 thousand m2/ha), which in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan can be cultivated for fodder purposes to obtain juicy green feed. The highest grain yield was obtained from an early-maturing hybrid of Darin, which had the highest indicators of the mass of cobs (241.3 g), the mass of grain from the cob (187.5 g), the mass of 1000 grains (391.5 g) As a result, a yield was formed, almost twice the planned value (192.6% or 9.63 t/ha). Also, high grain yields were obtained by growing ultra-early hybrids of Severin (7.49 t/ha) and Bertha (7.35 t/ha).
Protection of sour cherry from coccomycosis in the republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Osipov Gennadiy , Petrova Natal'ya , Karpova Anna
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the research was a comparative assessment of the use of the biological drug Bactofit and the chemical drug Skor in protecting varieties of sour cherry from coccomycosis in the Republic of Tatarstan. The objects of study were varieties of ordinary cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) Nizhnekamskaya – early ripening, Shakirovskaya – medium ripening and Obil,naya – late ripening. Sour cherry plants were treated after the end of flowering, after 6 p.m. with the biological drug Bactofit 4 times after 7 days, with the chemical drug Skor – 2 times after 14 days. The concentration of the Skor solution was 2 ml/10 l, Bactofit – 30 ml/10 l. The control sour cherry plants were not treated with drugs. The growing seasons of 2020-2021 were dry. In 2020, the hydrothermal coefficient (GTC) for the growing season was 0.64, for the summer period – 0.57. GTC for the growing season of 2021 was 0.48, for the summer months – 0.19. In the Republic of Tatarstan in 2020-2021, the Nizhnekamskaya cherry variety (25%) was affected by coccomycosis less than the Shakirovskaya (36.7%) and Obil,naya (30%) varieties.
The biological effectiveness of the chemical preparation Skor (67.3%) is higher than the biological preparation Bactofit (59.2%). The share of the influence of drugs on the incidence of cherry leaves with coccomycosis is 38.2%, the share of the influence of varieties is 3.2%, the share of the influence of head conditions is 0.2%, the share of the influence of the interaction of drugs with varieties is 29.5%, the share of the influence of the interaction of drugs with the conditions of the year is 3.7%, the share of the influence of the interaction of varieties with the conditions of the year is 9.8%, the share of the effect of the interaction of drugs, varieties and conditions of the year – 13.0%. The development of coccomycosis on sour cherry leaves on average for 2020-2021 ranged from 14.9% in the Nizhnekamskaya variety to 25.5% in the Shakirovskaya variety. The disease has received significantly less development when processing sour cherry plants with the chemical preparation Skor. The treatment of plants of the Nizhnekamskaya variety with the chemical preparation Skor gives the greatest, reliable increase in productivity. In sour cherry breeding for resistance to coccomycosis, it is recommended to use the Nizhnekamskaya variety.
Social prescribing for children in hospital
Authors: Evans Kath
Published: November 2024

A successful pilot project highlights to policymakers the benefits of social prescribing for young people in healthcare settings
REDUCING YOUTH VIOLENCE
Authors: Hayes Derren
Published: November 2024

An increase in serious youth violence has led to warnings that more needs to be done to tackle the causes of violent crime and seen policymakers target support at vulnerable groups of young people
Practice examples: Sports engage vulnerable children
Authors: Hayes Derren
Published: November 2024

IN SUMMARY

The Youth Endowment Fund has undertaken research to understand the impact that engaging in sports programmes can have on young people vulnerable to perpetrating crime and violence.
Disabled children's rights
Authors: Baker Claire
Published: November 2024

Improving data on care-experienced children with a disability or a long-term health condition is crucial to upholding their rights, says Claire Baker, senior practice advisor at Coram Voice
Adopted young people inspire better support
Authors: Crown Hannah
Published: November 2024

Social activities for adoptees and training for professionals grounded in children's experiences aims to improve support offered to adopted young people
Managing eczema from infancy to adolescence
Authors: Duncan Debbie
Published: November 2024

Eczema (atopic dermatitis) can have a substantial impact on children and young people, and it is important that the condition is well managed to avoid complications. This article provides a quick overview of the symptoms and diagnosis of eczema and looks at its management from infancy to adolescence.
Contributing to health visiting research: Participating in the ADBB study
Authors: Hardy Karen , Price Rebecca , Baldwin Sharin
Published: November 2024

Health visitors play an important role in contributing to the national strategic plan for nursing research. While the need for health visitors to lead research may be more widely recognised, creating an enabling environment for research to take place and supporting health visitors to participate in research is less often reported. This article shares the experiences of health visitors and managers from the Humber Teaching NHS Foundation Trust who participated in the Alarm Distress Baby Scale study carried out by the Institute of Health Visiting in partnership with the University of Oxford, contributing to the evidence base in this area.
Sudden onset esotropia
Authors: Patel Kirit
Published: November 2024

Kirit Patel describes two case of recent onset convergent strabismus, each due to a completely different underlying cause
Vision of innovation
Authors: Bennett Chris
Published: November 2024

Chris Bennett talks to Petra Vacca of Bausch + Lomb’s role as a partner in eye care
Making an impact
Authors: Gorda Suzana
Published: November 2024

Suzana Gorda considers the eyewear trends that she has observed in practice this year
Development of Herbal Ultrasound Gel Prototype from Zingiber cassumunar Roxb., Curcuma longa L. and Zingiber officinale Roscoe for Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammation
Authors:   Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, 41000, Thailand, Thiraphatthanavong Paphaphat , Ohn-on Warin ,   Department of Health and Beauty Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, 47160, Thailand, Kaewbutra Sasalux ,   Department of Medical Science, Amnatcharoen Campus, Mahidol University, Amnatcharoen, 37000, Thailand, Tongthong Kanchanaporn ,   Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, 41000, Thailand, Rattanachompu Petcharat ,   Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, 41000, Thailand, Panmuesng Namplon ,   Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, 41000, Thailand, Khampaenjiraroch Bhattaranitch ,   Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, 41000, Thailand, Phandech Krissada ,   Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
Published: November 2024

This research aimed to determine the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of phlai, turmeric, ginger and combined extract of phlai, turmeric, and ginger at recipe 1:2:2 (PTG). In addition, the formula of herbal ultrasound gel for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties was developed. The TPC, flavonoid, antioxidant and anti-inflammation were investigated by using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, flavonoid, DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assay. The PTG extract was tested for the phytochemicals by GC-MS technique. The microbial contamination standard of herbal ultrasound gel prototype was determined. The result show that the PTG extract has the TPC and flavonoid at 105.11 ± 16.93 mg GAE/g extract and 63.58 ± 2.29 mg QE/g extract, respectively. Moreover, the DPPH and ABTS assay show that PTG extract has the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 0.82 ± 0.11 and 0.98 ± 1.56 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, PTG extract has a high percentage of NO inhibition at 53.38 ± 0.16. Furthermore, the GC-MS method found that PTG extract has 7 active ingredients. The highest amount of phytochemical is AR-turmerone. The safety assessment for external use found that the herbal ultrasound gel prototype product passed standard criteria for microbial contamination at the laboratory level. To conclude, the PTG extract has a synergistic effect and a high ability to act as an antioxidant and anti-inflammation. Moreover, the PTG herbal ultrasound gel has a microbial contamination safety to use. Therefore, the prototype herbal ultrasound gel product may be further developed into health products to treat pain and inflammation efficiently in clinical practice.
The role of community organisations in supporting children in times of crisis
Authors: Grądzki Waldemar
Published: November 2024

The life of the young generation, especially children, in the modern world is marked by many threats, not only of an existential nature, but also of an emotional nature. In our country, too, we feel the social effects of the so-called global turmoil, which manifests itself in various types of crises. We commonly observe and feel the effects of both the crisis of trust, including the fall of authorities, ethical and social values ​​(family crisis, street children, Euro-orphans), as well as the effects of global impacts, such as: the deepening climate crisis (global warming), the humanitarian crisis (e.g. the war in Ukraine and the Middle East), or the growing economic crisis related to the expected revaluation of the labor market (automation and robotization in production – industry 4.0, the introduction of solutions in the field of artificial intelligence and machine learning). In this situation, the implementation of both government (nationwide) social programs and the development of non-governmental organizations’ activities at the local level seem extremely important. Only planned and coordinated actions of social organizations, churches and religious associations can bring the expected effect on improving the quality of life and safety of the youngest in the era of various threats. In this article, the author focused both on issues related to research of selected non-governmental organizations and public institutions, in order to analyze the effects of their activities to date (diagnosis of the current state), and to develop the necessary recommendations for the future. As a result, this should bring a significant improvement in the effectiveness of the impact on local communities, with particular emphasis on the needs of children and youth.
Experimental exploration of the second order nonlinear optical properties of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets utilizing femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Omar G. , Ashour Mohamed , Atwa Dina. M. , Mohamed Tarek
Published: November 2024

In recent years, hexagonal boron nitride
nanosheets (h-BNNs) have gained attention due to their outstanding
optical properties. However, researchers have yet to extensively
investigate the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of such new
materials. In the present study, NLO properties of h-BNNs were
investigated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge,
utilizing the Z-scan approach irradiating with 100 fs laser
pulses using different excitation wavelengths that vary from 740 to
820 nm at a constant excitation average power of 1 W.
The investigated 2D nanomaterial (h-BNNs) was created using mechanical
exfoliation, an effective and straightforward approach of producing
h-BNNs. The morphology and crystal structure of the samples have been
investigated using different techniques, including UV-Vis
spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman
spectroscopy. The measurements of nonlinearity show that, by
increasing the excitation wavelength, the nonlinear absorption
coefficient decreases in a linear trend. The as-prepared h-BNNs
performed fascinating optical limiting with a reverse saturable
behavior. This innovative optical nanomaterial makes them promising
sensitive optical components in laser protection applications.
High-speed all-optical symmetric 4 × 2 encoder using interface effects in two-dimensional photonic crystals
Authors: Shahi Mohsen , Sepahvandi Vahid , Saghaei Hamed , Nurmohammadi Tofiq , Bahloul Faouzi , Jafari Behnam , Karar Abdullah S. , Adibnia Ehsan
Published: November 2024

This paper focuses on designing and simulating a 4×2 all-optical encoder utilizing the wave interference effect within photonic crystals. The proposed structure includes four optical waveguides as inputs and two as outputs, with a total area of 133.9µm2. The encoder demonstrates a response time of 0.44 ps, a contrast ratio of approximately 13.3 dB, and a data transfer rate of 2.3 Tbit/s. The results highlight the structure’s high flexibility, efficient resolution, and competitive response time compared to other designs in this category, demonstrating its practical applicability, particularly for signal division tasks. The finite-difference time-domain technique and the plane wave expansion method were employed to analyze the simulation outcomes and determine the optical bandgap range essential for the design.
Broadband tunable multi-functional polarization converter based on a graphene metasurface
Authors: Heidari Saman , Nozhat Najmeh
Published: November 2024

In this paper, a tunable multi-functional polarization converter based on a graphene metasurface has been designed. For the chemical potential of 1 eV, the structure has a polarization conversion ratio higher than 0.9 in the frequency range of 8.08 to 8.29 THz and also in the wide frequency range of 10.28 to 12.56 THz. Therefore, broadband linear to linear polarization conversion has been obtained. Also, in four frequency ranges, linear to circular polarization conversion has been realized. In addition to linear to linear and linear to circular functions, the structure also has circular to linear and circular to circular polarization conversion capabilities. The effects of chemical potential, geometrical parameters, and incident and polarization angles on the polarization conversion performance have been investigated. By changing the chemical potential, the reflected wave switches between different polarizations. Moreover, the results show that polarization conversion is insensitive to the incident angle up to 40°. The physical mechanism and analytical methods of multiple interference theory and equivalent circuit model for the suggested polarization converter have been presented. The presented structure with appropriate features such as different polarization conversions, adjustability, switching capability between different polarizations, broad bandwidth, good incident angle stability, and simple construction has many applications in communication, biological detection, imaging, and sensing.
Metabolic syndrome and related factors in Cameroonian women under contraceptive use
Authors: Marc Bertrand Dandji Saah , Donald Séverin Dangang Bossi , Floraise Lynda Tanguenan , François Zambou Ngoufack
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Contraceptive is a device or drug that prevents a woman from becoming pregnant. Some types of contraceptive can cause a myriad of secondary effects such as overweight, increase of blood pressure triglycerides, and glucose intolerance. The combination of these secondary effects could, in the long term, develop metabolic syndrome in these women. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in Cameroonians women on contraceptives.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study that included 231 Cameroonians fasting women from 18 to 49 years of age, on contraceptives. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric and biochemical characteristics were collected. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program- Adult Treatment Panel III. After validation of the data, statistical analysis was performed using Epi-Info software version 7.2.2.16 and the statistical level of significance was set at 5.0%.

Results

231 were using a modern contraceptive method, 28 were not using a contraceptive method, and 12 were non-consenting. The contraceptive method use rate was 89.19% and the most commonly used method was injectable contraception (49.35%). According to National Cholesterol Education Program criteria, almost 38.96% of these women were overweight and 50.65% had a serum high density lipoproteins cholesterol level of less than 0.50 g/L. Among women on contraceptives, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 22.08%. However, there was no significant association between contraceptive use and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (p = 0.63).

Conclusion

Contraceptive use was certain in all the participants, it’s reported that, according to the NCEP-ATPIII a prevalence of 22.08% of metabolic syndrome among women using modern contraceptive methods in Douala, Republic of Cameroon. The high-risk groups were women using injectable method. Therefore, lipid profiles should be assessed in those women in order to manage them better.
Novel and effective plasmid transfection protocols for functional analysis of genetic elements in human cardiac fibroblasts
Authors: Matsuyama Makoto , Iwamiya Takahiro
Published: November 2024

Cardiac fibroblasts, have lower gene transfer efficiency compared to dermal fibroblasts, posing challenges for plasmid-based gene transfer methods. A higher transfer efficiency could enable improved insight into heart pathology and development of novel therapeutic targets. In this study we compared eleven commercially available transfection reagents and eight plasmid purification methods. Finally, we systematically evaluated 150 unique transfection conditions (incubation times, addition of innate immune inhibitors, reagent to plasmid ratios etc) to optimize the methodology. The aim was to develop an optimized plasmid transfection protocol specifically tailored for primary human cardiac fibroblasts with high efficiency and minimal toxicity. While the actual transfection efficiency, indicated by the expression of fluorescent proteins, was less than 5%, our optimized protocol was sufficient for achieving significant gene expression levels needed for experimental applications such as luciferase enhancer-promoter assays. Leveraging our newly developed methodology, we could perform comprehensive profiling of nine viral and native enhancer/promoters, revealing regulatory sequences governing classical fibroblast marker (VIM) and resident cardiac fibroblast marker (TCF21) expression. We believe that these findings can help advance many aspects of cardiovascular research. In conclusion, we here report for the first time a plasmid transfection protocol for cardiac fibroblasts with minimal cell toxicity and sufficient efficiency for functional genomic studies.
Research on talent cultivation for rural revitalization based on three-party evolutionary game
Authors: Wang Jinxia , Tan Yunfeng , Hu Qiong , Cheng Huarong , Gao Fang
Published: November 2024

The sustainable development of Rural Revitalization Talent Training (RRTT) is a key prerequisite for realizing the rural revitalization strategy. In order to study the influence of various stakeholders on RRTT, explore its optimal development path, and clarify the key control factors, this study analyzes the behavioral decision-making of RRTT stakeholders for the first time, and constructs an evolutionary game model of the government, universities and village collectives. Through dynamic decision replication analysis and evolutionary stability analysis, the game relationship among the three stakeholders is discussed. Furthermore, through numerical simulation, the decision-making characteristics of the three parties "behaviors and the evolution trend of the stakeholders" behaviors under the current situation are evaluated, the sensitivity of the key control factors with the policy changes is analyzed, and the feasibility of its implementation is discussed. The results show that the input cost of village collectives is the main determinant of RRTT, and appropriate financial input and low incentive policies are more conducive to universities and village collectives to actively promote RRTT. The research results provide decision-making basis for the implementation of rural revitalization strategy.
Seasonal and altitudinal dynamics in secondary metabolite composition of Commelina forage species in Konso zone, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gelgelo Kebede , Kechero Yisehak , Andualem Dereje
Published: November 2024

Exploring the type and amounts of the secondary metabolites (SMs) in a given fodder species was considered as a meaningful act for safe and profitable utilization of that particular feedstuff in the livestock industry. This study was conducted in the Konso zone, southern Ethiopia, to explore the secondary metabolite composition of Commelina species in two seasons and at two different altitudes. Samples were collected from the two altitudes and seasons. A completely randomized design was used in a factorial arrangement (five species (C. benghalensis, C. imberbis, C. diffusa, C. albescens, and C. africana), two altitudes, and two seasons) with three repetitions per treatment. The SM contents of the Commelina species were reasonably influenced by both seasonal and altitudinal changes. The mean alkaloid (3.67%), total phenols (9.76 mg GAE/g), flavonoid (3.81 mg CE/g) and condensed tannin (1.10 mg CE/g) values for the herb species in wet season inclined (p < 0.001) to 7.02%, 14.07 mg GAE/g, 7.68 mg CE/g and 2.38 mg CE/g, respectively, in dry season. The wet season saponin concentration of the species (2.65 g/Kg) significantly decreased (p < 0.001) to 1.28 g/Kg in the dry season. Similarly, the lowland saponin (2.26 g/Kg), alkaloid (3.70%), total phenols (10.89 mg GAE/g), flavonoid (4.71 mg CE/g), and condensed tannin (0.98 mg CE/g) contents were increased (p < 0.01) to 3.03 g/Kg, 5.47%, 13.61 mg GAE/g, 6.37 mg CE/g, and 1.81 mg CE/g, respectively, in the midlands. Alkaloids, total phenols, flavonoids and condensed tannin concentrations showed positive correlations with each other (P<0.05) and with seasonal (P<0.001) and altitudinal changes (P<0.001) as well. The findings of this study suggested that the SM concentrations of Commelina species were within the limits tolerable for ruminants. In conclusion, Commelina species could serve as a safe and beneficial forage herb to boost nutrient intake, improve nutrient use efficiency and hinder methane emissions, for animals consuming them, in areas where they are available in abundance.
Prevalence and risk factors of bovine leptospirosis in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Muyulema Edwin , Moscoso Marcelo , Barragán Germán , Bustillos-Huilca Roberto , Luna-Herrera Jhuliana
Published: November 2024

Background and Aim: Leptospirosis is an infectious zoonotic disease that significantly affects animal health, particularly the reproduction of ruminants. However, some aspects of epidemiology and clinical characteristics have not been clarified. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors of leptospirosis in female bovines at reproductive age in the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest.

Materials and Methods: A total of 213 bovines were studied in the Amazon province of Zamora Chinchipe, in which a microscopic agglutination test was used to diagnose a panel of eight serovars of Leptospira borgpetersenii (Sejroe) and Leptospira interrogans, Australis, Bataviae, Canicola, Tarassovi, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Wolffi, and Hardjo. An epidemiological survey was conducted to identify risk factors by animal and herd and clinical symptoms associated with Leptospira spp. infection; and blood samples were collected to determine the differences between seropositive and seronegative animals regarding hematocrit, hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular Hb concentration, total red blood cell count, total platelet count, leukocytes, total proteins, creatinine, and ureic nitrogen.

Results: The prevalence of bovine leptospirosis was 12.21% (26/213), with positive reactions in the Australis, Sejroe, Bataviae, Canicola, and Tarassovi serovars. No variables were considered risk factors, nor clinical signs associated with the infection, nor were there differences in the hematological parameters between the seropositive and seronegative animals.

Conclusion: These findings indicate the persistence of Leptospira on cattle farms in the Ecuadorian Amazon and highlight the interaction between domestic and wild species. It is crucial to implement control measures and improvements in management practices under the One Health approach to reduce accidental infections from contact with wildlife; the awareness of farmers is essential for effective prevention.

Keywords: amazon region, bovine, leptospirosis.
Aprendizaje y cooperación: Explicando la adopción del marco de cualificaciones técnico profesional en Chile
Authors: Aguiar Lopez Otoniel
Published: November 2024

En las últimas décadas el creciente interés por parte de los países en mejorar la Educación Técnica Profesional ha derivado en la adopción de Marcos de Cualificaciones como instrumento que apunta a la mejora de los sistemas de formación. En el año 2018 Chile se convierte en el primer país de América Latina en adoptar un Marco de Cualificaciones para la Educación Técnica Profesional lo cual es particularmente llamativo dada la incipiente vinculación entre el Estado, los institutos de formación técnica y el mundo laboral. La presente investigación tuvo como propósito conocer las causas que explican la cooperación entre los actores relacionados con la educación técnica profesional en el país. A través de un diseño de Estudio de Casos cualitativo se analizó el proceso que derivó en la adopción del Marco de Cualificaciones Técnico Profesional en el país. Los hallazgos de este estudio muestran que las anteriores iniciativas del Marco de Cualificaciones desarrolladas por actores privados (MC Minero, MC Inacapino, entre otros) tributaron a la generación de confianza y aprendizaje que, junto con una decidida participación Estatal, facilitaron la cooperación entre actores y la adopción efectiva de un Marco de Cualificaciones Técnico Profesional.
Dysonans ludonarracyjny i dysonans metanarracyjny – studia wybranych przypadków
Authors: Figoń Michał
Published: November 2024

Celem artykułu jest zaproponowanie spójnej definicji zjawiska dysonansu ludonarracyjnego na podstawie wpisu na blogu Clinta Hockinga z 2007 roku. W tekście omawiam także różnicę pomiędzy dysonansem ludonarracyjnym a zaproponowanym przeze mnie nowym pojęciem dysonansu metanarracyjnego. W celu zilustrowania obu zjawisk posłużyłem się wybranymi grami komputerowymi. Artykuł stanowi wstęp do dalszych badań nad wpływem dysonansu ludonarracyjnego i metanarracyjnego na odbiór gier.
Realizm czy nominalizm? Iluzja agonu w znaczeniu płci
Authors: Jabłoński Arkadiusz
Published: November 2024

Znaczenie płci w języku polskim, wbrew powszechnym stereotypom, nie jest, ani od dawna nie było, tożsame ze znaczeniem rodzaju gramatycznego. Kilka nieporozumień z tym związanych można wyjaśnić z użyciem narzędzi językoznawczych a zarazem ludologicznych, poprzez nawiązanie do iluzji rzekomo wszechobecnego imperatywu agonu, często wymuszanego przez użycie mylącej retoryki „walki płci”.
Estudio sobre el valor incremental que supone el informe del sedimento en orina en medicina de urgencias mediante el sistema Sysmex® Serie-UN
Authors: Tosi Marco , Negrini Davide , Celegon Giovanni , Montagnana Martina , Lippi Giuseppe
Published: November 2024

Objetivos

El análisis de orina es ampliamente utilizado y frecuentemente solicitado desde los servicios de urgencias para evaluar la presencia de hipovolemia, infecciones del tracto urinario, diabetes, cetoacidosis y hematuria. Nuestro objetivo era evaluar el impacto de informar el sedimento urinario en muestras enviadas desde el servicio de urgencias utilizando el analizador Sysmex® Serie-UN.

Métodos

Evaluamos los análisis de orina solicitados por el servicio de urgencias durante un periodo de tres meses e investigamos la interferencia del recuento de hematíes, comparamos las tiras reactivas de esterasa leucocitaria con el recuento de leucocitos citofluorimétrico y los nitritos con el recuento bacteriano citofluorimétrico. A continuación, examinamos las imágenes con el microscopio digital para identificar otros posibles elementos o patologías de interés.

Resultados

Recopilamos 532 casos, en 354 de los cuales solo se disponía de análisis bioquímico y citofluorimetríco, y en 178 se disponía además de análisis por microscopía digital. El recuento automatizado de eritrocitos mostró una tasa de error del 7 %, principalmente falsos positivos. La esterasa leucocitaria tuvo una sensibilidad del 88,22 % y una especificidad del 88,84 % en el límite inferior, mientras que los nitritos tuvieron una sensibilidad del 41,06 % y una especificidad del 99,38 %. Se detectaron elementos patológicos en 126 muestras mediante microscopía digital, de los cuales 70 presentaban cilindros, 36 cristales y 7 contenían células de elevado valor patológico.

Conclusiones

La evaluación de los sedimentos en orina por parte de especialistas capacitados puede aportar información potencialmente relevante incluso en casos urgentes, donde la fase preanalítica debe ser siempre tenida en cuenta.
Reinforcing mechanisms review of the graphene oxide on cement composites
Authors: Lu Shuaijie , Gong Chen , Yu Jiajian , Hu Junxiang , Wang Siyao , Gao Yuan
Published: November 2024

By virtue of the abundant oxygen-functional groups, ultra-high specific surface area and superior mechanical properties, graphene oxide (GO) has been proven as one of the outstanding candidates in cement composites. Compared with the traditional cement pastes, the GO-reinforced cement composites exhibit benefits in pore structure, mechanical properties, and durability. In addition, the abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on GO can promote the hydration rate of cement and combine with hydration products to fill the pores. To further improve the performance of GO-reinforced cement composites and promote the application of composites in practical engineering, it is necessary to comprehensively understand the reinforcing mechanisms of GO on cement composites. In this work, the enhancement mechanisms of GO to improve hydration, nucleation effects, mechanical strengthening mechanisms, antiseepage mechanisms and pore-filling effects of GO are systematically revealed. The optimal dosage range of GO mixing in the current study is calculated by considering the factors of mechanical property and microscopic characterization, but the economic cost also needs to be considered in future development studies. This review will promote the application of the more cost-effective and high-performance GO-reinforced cement composites in practical construction engineering.
A Patent and a Prize
Authors: Hylton Keith N.
Published: November 2024

This paper examines a simple and old question: should innovators receive a patent or a prize? The answer I provide is equally simple: they should receive both. The literature on patents versus prizes has proceeded mostly under the assumption that there should be a choice between a regime of patents and a regime of prizes in which patents fall into the public domain upon award of the prize. There are significant “public choice costs” under the prize plans. By this I mean there are risks of inappropriate transfers to patentees – that is, looting – and of confiscation of patentees, through the conduct of or through the omissions of government agents. The innovation regime I propose is a patent-plus-prize scheme. The patentee would receive the patent and a prize that approximates consumer surplus. Public choice costs are considerably lower than under prize schemes: there would be no looting and no risk of confiscation under patent-plus-prize. In addition, private and social incentives to innovate are aligned.
Grupo de Gestantes como espaço de cuidado: relato de experiência
Authors: Ribeiro Juliane Portella , Peres Treptow Vitória , Gonçalves de Oliveira Renata , Borges de Oliveira Thalison , Reinstein de Figueiredo Tauana
Published: November 2024

O período gravídico é permeado de diversas modificações. Essas modificações refletem em medo, ansiedade e em estresse. O grupo multidisciplinar surge nesse momento como forma efetiva de cuidado com gestantes que possibilita debate, expressando suas necessidades e compartilharem vivências. Desta forma, o artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem no desenvolvimento de um grupo de gestantes multidisciplinar, mostrando as contribuições da atividade para o desenvolvimento da assistência ao ciclo gravídico-puerperal.  O presente artigo trata-se de um relato de experiência da vivência de um grupo multidisciplinar de gestantes, promovido por um projeto de extensão universitária, em um hospital de ensino da região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. O grupo foi desenvolvido de novembro a dezembro semanalmente em um total de 5 encontros, com uma média de 20 gestantes por encontro. Em cada um dos dias foi abordado pelo menos três temáticas diferentes, de modo teórico prático e utilizando recursos de apoio visual, dentre essas foram apresentados intervenções facilitadoras para as modificações do corpo feminino, seu psicológico, o parto, amamentação, direitos da mulher e cuidados com o bebê. O grupo se provou uma ferramenta de cuidado efetivo à mulher, onde as gestantes receberam conhecimento atualizado, melhorando na tomada de decisões e autonomia. Aos acadêmicos o grupo auxilia na autonomia e desenvolvimento de um olhar integral e multidisciplinar no cuidado à mulher nesse momento sensível da sua vida.
Distúrbios Neurológicos Zoonóticos em Equinos oriundos de comunidades em vulnerabilidade social
Authors: Curcio Bruna da Rosa , Américo Rafael Leandro , Fabossa Talita Vitória Oliveira , Gomes Thaís Feijó , Lopes Micael Feliciano Machado , Nogueira Carlos Eduardo Wayne
Published: November 2024

Este estudo retrospectivo abrangeu o período de janeiro de 2008 a agosto de 2023, analisando casos neurológicos em equinos provenientes de comunidades em vulnerabilidade social no município de Pelotas/RS. Em um total de 4.475 atendimentos no Hospital de clínica Veterinárai (HCV) da UFPel, 56 animais (1,25%) apresentaram distúrbios neurológicos, com 51% desses casos provenientes de tutores de baixa renda. As principais afecções foram trauma (52%), tétano (38%), e um caso de raiva (3%). A análise temporal revelou uma redução nos casos de tétano ao longo dos anos, especialmente na área de atendimento ambulatorial do HCV, sendo essa atribuída aos programas de manejo sanitário implementados no período. A baixa incidência de tétano e raiva destaca a eficácia das atividades educativas e preventivas promovidas na região. Comparativamente, a prevalência de tétano nessa população foi inferior a estudos anteriores, possivelmente relacionada à cobertura vacinal. Conclui-se que a vigilância epidemiológica e o manejo sanitário são cruciais para mitigar essas zoonoses, representando preocupação significativa para a saúde pública.
Percepção da População em Situação de Rua sobre a Tuberculose
Authors: Tressoldi Rodrigo , Prestes Janifer , Noronha Paloma
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar qual a percepção da população em situação de rua sobre tuberculose. Como objetivos específicos, caracterizar os participantes do estudo quanto idade, sexo, tempo em situação de rua e se já tiveram tuberculose. Trata-se de um estudo de cunho qualitativo, aprovado pelo comitê de ética e pesquisa da Universidade Feevale.  A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas no Centro de Referência para População em Situação de Rua, de um município do Rio Grande Do Sul. Participaram do estudo nove pessoas em situação de rua. Os resultados apontam que a idade média dos participantes foi de 38 anos, 8 dos 9 participantes eram do sexo masculino. O tempo em situação de rua para a maioria se manteve em 10 anos e 2 dos participantes já tiveram tuberculose. Pode-se perceber breve conhecimento sobre a doença, sendo a sintomatologia o fator mais citado. Outra percepção encontrada é quanto à letalidade da doença, que é vista como mortal se não tratada. Observou-se que, quanto à testagem para tuberculose, a grande maioria ou já fez o teste ou sabe como ele é feito. Quanto ao atendimento de saúde relatam dificuldades para acessar aos serviços e trazem o Consultório na Rua como um facilitador para este acesso. Por fim, faz-se necessário a consolidação de ações que busquem atender esses indivíduos na integralidade e com equidade buscando uma melhora nos indicadores da tuberculose para essa população.
Enfermagem na Escola - Uma Conversa com Adolescentes: Relato de Experiência
Authors: Peixoto Nascimento Leila Emanuelle
Published: November 2024

A gravidez na adolescência e as infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) representam um desafio. Este artigo objetiva relatar a experiência de acadêmicas de graduação em Enfermagem, de uma Universidade Federal, no processo de planejamento e implementação de uma ação de educação em saúde com adolescentes de uma escola pública estadual da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Trata-se de um relato de experiência de estudantes do nono período de graduação de Enfermagem. A ação nomeada “Enfermagem na Escola - uma conversa com adolescentes” surgiu a partir da observação de que o número de adolescentes que eram acompanhados pelos profissionais da UBS era inferior ao número de adolescentes grávidas ou com ISTs. De outubro a novembro de 2023, foram realizadas 40 rodas de conversas com 272 estudantes, com idade entre 10 e 15 anos, da escola estadual com o intuito de orientá-los quanto à higiene corporal e capacitá-los para tomada de decisões saudáveis em relação à saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Cada estudante participou de um encontro, com duração média de 40 minutos. Ao término de cada roda de conversa, os adolescentes avaliaram a intervenção, o que permitiu adequações para as rodas subsequentes. Noventa e dois porcento classificaram a ação como excelente. A intervenção culminou em aprendizado tanto para os adolescentes quanto para as estudantes de enfermagem, as quais tiveram a experiência de colocar em prática a intersetorialidade (comunicação entre saúde e escola) e de exercitar as capacidades pedagógicas que são necessárias ao enfermeiro enquanto educador em saúde.
A difusão tecnológica da produção de licor como agregação de valor à produção de uva no semiárido
Authors: Berreta Marcia dos Santos Ramos , Silva Samuel , Morais Fernando Antônio de Andrade
Published: November 2024

Este artigo trata da análise dos resultados alcançados em uma prática extensionista universitária junto ao público beneficiado pelo Projeto de Difusão Tecnológica da Produção de Licor no Semiárido no Nordeste Brasileiro. Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar as potencialidades e as fragilidades do referido projeto promovido pelo Instituto Federal de Alagoas-Campus Piranhas enquanto prática extensiva, alicerçada na ação indissociável entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Constatou-se que o Projeto foi avaliado positivamente pelos atores envolvidos docente, discentes, técnico e viticultores, promovendo-se uma alternativa rentável à falta de escoamento da produção de uva, com novas formas de uso para a produção, estimulando o empreendedorismo rural.