bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
siRNA Conjugated Nanoparticles—A Next Generation Strategy to Treat Lung Cancer
Authors: Itani Rasha , Al Faraj Achraf
Published: December 2019

Despite major progress in both therapeutic and diagnostic techniques, lung cancer is still considered the leading cause of cancer mortality in the world due to the ineffectiveness of the classical treatments used nowadays. Luckily, the discovery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) planted hope in the hearts of scientists and patients worldwide as a new breakthrough in the world of oncology and a robust tool for finally curing cancer. However, the valuable siRNA must be protected and preserved to ensure the effectiveness of this gene therapy, thus nanoparticles are gaining more attention than previous years as the optimal carriers for this fragile molecule. siRNA-loaded nanoparticles are being extensively investigated to find the appropriate formulation, combination, and delivery route with one objective in mind—successfully overcoming all possible limitations shown in clinical studies and making full use of this novel technique to become the next generation treatment to wipe out many chronic diseases, including cancer. In this review, the benefits of using siRNA and nanoparticles in lung cancer treatment will be globally reviewed before discussing why and how nanoparticles and siRNA can be combined to achieve an efficient treatment of lung cancer for prospective clinical applications.
DNA Oxidation and Excision Repair Pathways
Authors: Lee Tae-Hee , Kang Tae-Hong
Published: December 2019

The physiological impact of the aberrant oxidation products on genomic DNA were demonstrated by embryonic lethality or the cancer susceptibility and/or neurological symptoms of animal impaired in the base excision repair (BER); the major pathway to maintain genomic integrity against non-bulky DNA oxidation. However, growing evidence suggests that other DNA repair pathways or factors that are not primarily associated with the classical BER pathway are also actively involved in the mitigation of oxidative assaults on the genomic DNA, according to the corresponding types of DNA oxidation. Among others, factors dedicated to lesion recognition in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway have been shown to play eminent roles in the process of lesion recognition and stimulation of the enzyme activity of some sets of BER factors. Besides, substantial bulky DNA oxidation can be preferentially removed by a canonical NER mechanism; therefore, loss of function in the NER pathway shares common features arising from BER defects, including cancer predisposition and neurological disorders, although NER defects generally are nonlethal. Here we discuss recent achievements for delineating newly arising roles of NER lesion recognition factors to facilitate the BER process, and cooperative works of BER and NER pathways in response to the genotoxic oxidative stress.
Lighting Control via Magnetic Field Communication
Authors: Kao Jia-Jing , Lin Chun-Liang , Huang Chih-Cheng , Huang Chung-Hsin
Published: December 2019

This invention proposes a novel light emitting diode (LED) lighting (dimmable) control scheme to transmit digital data through a magnetic field generated by a flyback driver that utilizes digitized data to adjust the brightness of LEDs for potential applications. This design would eliminate the cost of establishing wireless transmission hardware by simply relying on the magnetic field for communication to meet the management of the lighting control system. The method used a frequency-shift keying (FSK) technique on the secondary side of the system to send digitized data to the primary side. The primary side of the system interpreted the control commands by detecting the frequency change, and the corresponding lighting control was decoded. The inner communication connected the primary and secondary sides to the transformer through wirelessly transmitted data, which eliminated the requirements of optical coupling and peripheral circuits. For extended applications, the designed system can be combined with sensors at home for lighting management with the benefits of energy saving and potential emergency warnings.
What We Know, Are Still Getting Wrong, and Have Yet to Learn about the Relationships among the SAT, Intelligence and Achievement
Authors: Frey Meredith C.
Published: December 2019

Fifteen years ago, Frey and Detterman established that the SAT (and later, with Koenig, the ACT) was substantially correlated with measures of general cognitive ability and could be used as a proxy measure for intelligence (Frey and Detterman, 2004; Koenig, Frey, and Detterman, 2008). Since that finding, replicated many times and cited extensively in the literature, myths about the SAT, intelligence, and academic achievement continue to spread in popular domains, online, and in some academic administrators. This paper reviews the available evidence about the relationships among the SAT, intelligence, and academic achievement, dispels common myths about the SAT, and points to promising future directions for research in the prediction of academic achievement.
Defect Visualization of a Steel Structure Using a Piezoelectric Line Sensor Based on Laser Ultrasonic Guided Wave
Authors: Kang Sang-Hyeon , Han Dae-Hyun , Kang Lae-Hyong
Published: December 2019

We studied the detection and visualization of defects in a test object using a laser ultrasonic guided wave. The scan area is irradiated by a laser generated from a Nd:YAG 532 nm Q-switched laser generator through a galvanometer scanner. The laser irradiation causes the surface temperature to suddenly rise and then become temporarily adiabatic. The locally heated region reaches thermal equilibrium with the surroundings. In other words, heat energy propagates inside the object in the form of elastic energy through adiabatic expansion. This thermoelastic wave is typically acquired by a piezoelectric sensor, which is sensitive in the ultrasonic domain. A single piezoelectric sensor has limited coverage in the scan area, while multi-channel piezoelectric sensors require many sensors, large-scale wiring, and many channeling devices for use and installation. In addition, the sensors may not acquire signals due to their installed locations, and the efficiency may be reduced because of the overlap between the sensing areas of multiple sensors. For these reasons, the concept of a piezoelectric line sensor is adopted in this study for the first time. To verify the feasibility of the line sensor, I- and L-shaped sensors were attached to a steel structure, and the ultrasound signal from laser excitation was obtained. If the steel structure has defects on the back, the ultrasonic propagation image will be distorted in the defect area. Thus, we can detect the defects easily from the visualization image. Three defects were simulated for the test. The results show that the piezoelectric line sensor can detect defects more precisely and accurately compared to a single piezoelectric sensor.
Cell Bioprinting: The 3D-Bioplotter™ Case
Authors: Angelats Lobo David , Ginestra Paola
Published: December 2019

The classic cell culture involves the use of support in two dimensions, such as a well plate or a Petri dish, that allows the culture of different types of cells. However, this technique does not mimic the natural microenvironment where the cells are exposed to. To solve that, three-dimensional bioprinting techniques were implemented, which involves the use of biopolymers and/or synthetic materials and cells. Because of a lack of information between data sources, the objective of this review paper is, to sum up, all the available information on the topic of bioprinting and to help researchers with the problematics with 3D bioprinters, such as the 3D-Bioplotter™. The 3D-Bioplotter™ has been used in the pre-clinical field since 2000 and could allow the printing of more than one material at the same time, and therefore to increase the complexity of the 3D structure manufactured. It is also very precise with maximum flexibility and a user-friendly and stable software that allows the optimization of the bioprinting process on the technological point of view. Different applications have resulted from the research on this field, mainly focused on regenerative medicine, but the lack of information and/or the possible misunderstandings between papers makes the reproducibility of the tests difficult. Nowadays, the 3D Bioprinting is evolving into another technology called 4D Bioprinting, which promises to be the next step in the bioprinting field and might promote great applications in the future.
Calculation of Volume Fractions of In Situ TiB and Residual Stress Distributions in Functionally Graded Composite of Ti–TiB–TiB2
Authors: Zhang Youfeng , He Shasha , Yang Wanwan , Ren Jiangwei , Kong Haijuan
Published: December 2019

Ti matrix composite with a polylaminate structure was successfully fabricated via spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. A temperature gradient field (TGF) was obtained during the sintering to form functionally graded material (FGM) in a vacuum under 40 MPa for 5 min. The actual volume fractions of TiB in the matrix were calculated based on the X-ray diffraction pattern. The target volume fractions of TiB were 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. The calculated TiB volume fractions were slightly higher than the target volume fractions in layers 2–4 and lower than the target volume fractions in layers 5–6 and the deviations in layers 4 and 5 were less than 5% of the target volume. Based on the elastic axial symmetry model, the residual stress distributions in the Ti matrix composite with a polylaminate structure were simulated, indicating a relatively low thermal residual stress in the FGM.
Tailoring Confining Jacket for Concrete Column Using Ultra High Performance-Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (UHP-FRCC) with High Volume Fly Ash (HVFA)
Authors: Fantilli Alessandro P. , Paternesi Meloni Lucia , Nishiwaki Tomoya , Igarashi Go
Published: December 2019

Ultra-High Performance Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Composites (UHP-FRCC) show excellent mechanical performances in terms of strength, ductility, and durability. Therefore, these cementitious materials have been successfully used for repairing, strengthening, and seismic retrofitting of old structures. However, UHP-FRCCs are not always environmental friendly products, especially in terms of the initial cost, due to the large quantity of cement that is contained in the mixture. Different rates of fly ash substitute herein part of the cement, and the new UHP-FRCCs are used to retrofit concrete columns to overcome this problem. To simulate the mechanical response of these columns, cylindrical specimens, which are made of normal concrete and reinforced with different UHP-FRCC jackets, are tested in uniaxial compression. Relationships between the size of the jacket, the percentage of cement replaced by fly ash, and the strength of the columns are measured and analyzed by means of the eco-mechanical approach. As a result, a replacement of approximately 50% of cement with fly ash, and a suitable thickness of the UHP-FRCC jacket, might ensure the lowest environmental impact without compromising the mechanical performances.
Prepregs for Temperature Resistant Composites
Authors: Haincová Eliška , Hájková Pavlína , Kohout Jan
Published: December 2019

In this paper, carbon fabric reinforced inorganic matrix composites were prepared. The inorganic matrix based on alkali activated aluminosilicate was used because of its resistance to fire and the temperatures up to 1000 °C. Influence of heat treatment of fabric, high temperature treatment of composite and preparation method on the mechanical properties and morphology of the composites were studied. The preparation of composites with the subsequent steps of impregnation, layering and curing of the composites was compared with the prepreg preparation method, which separates the impregnation of the reinforcement from the production of the composite. The SEM photographs show no differences in morphology between composites prepared from heat treated fabric and composites prepared from original fabrics. All four series of samples were comparatively saturated with matrix. Despite this, tensile properties of heat-treated fabric composites were negatively affected. While composites with heat-treated fabric reached the tensile strength up to 274 MPa, composites prepared without heat-treated fabric exhibited strengths higher than 336 MPa. Samples exposed to temperatures reaching 600 °C retained up to 40% of their original strength. The effect of composite preparation method on the tensile properties of the composites has not been proved.
Clinical Nutrition of Critically Ill Patients in the Context of the Latest ESPEN Guidelines
Authors: Gostyńska Aleksandra , Stawny Maciej , Dettlaff Katarzyna , Jelińska Anna
Published: December 2019

The group of patients most frequently in need of nutritional support are intensive care patients. This year (i.e., 2019), new European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines of clinical nutrition in intensive care were published, updating and gathering current knowledge on the subject of this group of patients. Planning the right nutritional intervention is often a challenging task involving the necessity of the choice of the enteral nutrition (EN) or parenteral nutrition (PN) route of administration, time of initiation, energy demand, amino acid content and demand as well as the use of immunomodulatory nutrition. The aim of this study was to specify and discuss the basic aspects of the clinical nutrition of critically ill patients recommended by ESPEN guidelines. Clinical nutrition in intensive care seems to be the best-studied type of nutritional intervention. However, meta-analyses and clinical studies comparing EN and PN and their impact on the prognosis of the intensive care patients showed ambiguous results. The nutritional interventions, starting with EN, should be initiated within 24–48 h whereas PN, if recommended, should be implemented within 3–7 days. The recommended method of calculation of the energy demand is indirect calorimetry, however, there are also validated equations used worldwide in everyday practice. The recommended protein intake in this group of patients and the results of insufficient or too high supply was addressed. In light of the concept of immunomodulatory nutrition, the use of appropriate amino acid solutions and lipid emulsion that can bring a positive effect on the modulation of the immune response was discussed.
Microalgae Biomass as a Potential Feedstock for the Carboxylate Platform
Authors: Magdalena Jose Antonio , González-Fernández Cristina
Published: December 2019

Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are chemical building blocks for industries, and are mainly produced via the petrochemical pathway. However, the anaerobic fermentation (AF) process gives a potential alternative to produce these organic acids using renewable resources. For this purpose, waste streams, such as microalgae biomass, might constitute a cost-effective feedstock to obtain VFAs. The present review is intended to summarize the inherent potential of microalgae biomass for VFA production. Different strategies, such as the use of pretreatments to the inoculum and the manipulation of operational conditions (pH, temperature, organic loading rate or hydraulic retention time) to promote VFA production from different microalgae strains, are discussed. Microbial structure analysis using microalgae biomass as a substrate is pointed out in order to further comprehend the roles of bacteria and archaea in the AF process. Finally, VFA applications in different industry fields are reviewed.
Introduction to “Religions in Shakespeare’s Writings”
Authors: Urban David V.
Published: December 2019

This special issue of Religions on “Religions in Shakespeare’s Writings” invited contributors to explore the gamut of religious issues and characterizations throughout Shakespeare’s writings [...]
Thermal Shock Response of Yeast Cells Characterised by Dielectrophoresis Force Measurement
Authors: Fernando-Juan García-Diego , Rubio-Chavarría Mario , Beltrán Pedro , Espinós Francisco J.
Published: December 2019

Dielectrophoresis is an electric force experienced by particles subjected to non-uniform electric fields. Recently, several technologies have been developed focused on the use of dielectrophoretic force (DEP) to manipulate and detect cells. On the other hand, there is no such great development in the field of DEP-based cell discrimination methods. Despite the demand for methods to differentiate biological cell states, most DEP developed methods have been focused on differentiation through geometric parameters. The novelty of the present work relies upon the point that a DEP force cell measurement is used as a discrimination method, capable of detecting heat killed yeast cells from the alive ones. Thermal treatment is used as an example of different biological state of cells. It comes from the fact that biological properties have their reflection in the electric properties of the particle, in this case a yeast cell. To demonstrate such capability of the method, 279 heat-killed cells were measured and compared with alive cells data from the literature. For each cell, six speeds were taken at different points in its trajectory inside a variable non-uniform electric field. The electric parameters in cell wall conductivity, cell membrane conductivity, cell membrane permittivity of the yeast cell from bibliography explains the DEP experimental force measured. Finally, alive and heat-treated cells were distinguished based on that measure. Our results can be explained through the well-known damage of cell structure characteristics of heat-killed cells.
User Association and Power Control for Energy Efficiency Maximization in M2M-Enabled Uplink Heterogeneous Networks with NOMA
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Kang Guixia
Published: December 2019

To support a vast number of devices with less energy consumption, we propose a new user association and power control scheme for machine to machine enabled heterogeneous networks with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), where a mobile user (MU) acting as a machine-type communication gateway can decode and forward both the information of machine-type communication devices and its own data to the base station (BS) directly. MU association and power control are jointly considered in the formulated as optimization problem for energy efficiency (EE) maximization under the constraints of minimum data rate requirements of MUs. A many-to-one MU association matching algorithm is firstly proposed based on the theory of matching game. By taking swap matching operations among MUs, BSs, and sub-channels, the original problem can be solved by dealing with the EE maximization for each sub-channel. Then, two power control algorithms are proposed, where the tools of sequential optimization, fractional programming, and exhaustive search have been employed. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the optimality properties of our algorithms under different parameter settings.
Embodied Emotion Recognition Based on Life-Logging
Authors: Cho Ayoung , Lee Hyunwoo , Jo Youngho , Whang Mincheol
Published: December 2019

Embodied emotion is associated with interaction among a person’s physiological responses, behavioral patterns, and environmental factors. However, most methods for determining embodied emotion has been considered on only fragmentary independent variables and not their inter-connectivity. This study suggests a method for determining the embodied emotion considering interactions among three factors: the physiological response, behavioral patterns, and an environmental factor based on life-logging. The physiological response was analyzed as heart rate variability (HRV) variables. The behavioral pattern was calculated from features of Global Positioning System (GPS) locations that indicate spatiotemporal property. The environmental factor was analyzed as the ambient noise, which is an external stimulus. These data were mapped with the emotion of that time. The emotion was evaluated on a seven-point scale for arousal level and valence level according to Russell’s model of emotion. These data were collected from 79 participants in daily life for two weeks. Their relationships among data were analyzed by the multiple regression analysis, after pre-processing the respective data. As a result, significant differences between the arousal level and valence level of emotion were observed based on their relations. The contributions of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) The emotion was recognized in real-life for a more practical application; (2) distinguishing the interactions that determine the levels of arousal and positive emotion by analyzing relationships of individuals’ life-log data. Through this, it was verified that emotion can be changed according to the interaction among the three factors, which was overlooked in previous emotion recognition.
Key Drivers behind the Adoption of Electric Vehicle in Korea: An Analysis of the Revealed Preferences
Authors: Kim Eunsung , Heo Eunnyeong
Published: December 2019

Electrification of passenger cars is one of the most popular ways to decarbonize the transportation sector and to reduce local air pollutants. Many researches have tried to examine what will be the driving factors to achieve the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). In this study, we analyzed the factors for EV adoption with the data of revealed preference from 2013 to 2017 in Korea. Analyses showed that the driving range of EVs and financial incentives have a positive impact on EV deployment. Also, the driving range is found to be the most critical factor explaining the market growth of EVs. The results suggest that technical improvement increases the value of EVs and in turn raises the probability of consumers’ decision to purchase EVs. Financial incentive as well can encourage consumers to buy EVs, however, is not strong enough to create transitions from internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) to EVs.
La christologie de Luther d’après sa correspondance
Authors: Arnold Matthieu
Published: December 2019

La correspondance de Luther confirme la place centrale de Jésus-Christ dans la théologie et dans la vie du Réformateur. Les lettres attestent la richesse de l’oeuvre de Jésus-Christ : selon qu’il informe, conseille ou réconforte ses correspondants, Luther met l’accent sur sa Seigneurie cosmique ou sur sa proximité réconfortante. Sauf dans quelques lettres apologétiques, il présente Jésus-Christ comme Sauveur et non pas comme modèle ; Luther use de toutes les ressources de la lettre pour proclamer cette action salvatrice. Dans les années 1540, la christologie est marquée par l’eschatologie : dans un monde qui court à sa perte, seule la venue du Christ en gloire, lors du «cher dernier jour » , apportera aux croyants la délivrance.
Protestantisme libéral, tolérance et esprit laïque. L’interprétation de l’oeuvre de Castellion par Ferdinand Buisson
Authors: Vincent Gilbert
Published: December 2019

Peu connue, la thèse de Buisson s’attache à faire de Castellion la figure emblématique d’un protestantisme «libéral » aussi ancien que le protestantisme défini par Calvin. Cette thèse, oeuvre de maturité, prouve que l’engagement de Buisson en faveur du protestantisme libéral n’est pas une simple affaire de jeunesse. On y découvre l’esquisse, sinon plus, d’une philosophie religieuse originale, au confluent du double héritage de Kant et de Benjamin Constant.
Édouard Reuss, traducteur et interprète du livre de Job. À l’occasion du bicentenaire de la naissance de l’exégète strasbourgeois
Authors: Vincent Jean-Marcel
Published: December 2019

L’exégète strasbourgeois Édouard Reuss (1804-1891), dont nous célébrons le bicentenaire de la naissance, s’est consacré à maintes reprises à l’étude du livre de Job. Ce «sommet de la littérature hébraïque » a inspiré sa propre poésie et a nourri son «sentiment religieux » . La traduction quasipoétique qu’il en propose en allemand est splendide. Son exégèse recèle de rares qualités : un sens des limites dans les «expériences orthopédiques » que s’autorise la critique littéraire, une appréciation précise du genre littéraire, un esprit critique vis-à-vis des interprétations convenues (théologiques ou philosophiques) qui sont étrangères aux données réelles du texte.
Karl Jaspers et Paul Ricoeur : le déchiffrement de l’existence
Authors: Porée Jérôme
Published: December 2019

Paul Ricoeur a dit plusieurs fois l’ascendant exercé par la pensée de l’existence de Karl Jaspers sur le jeune philosophe qu’il était dans les années quarante. C’est à lui qu’il consacre, tout ou partie, ses deux premiers livres et son influence est visible dans le premier volume de la Philosophie de la volonté. La haute figure du maître de Heidelberg est pourtant éclipsée ensuite par celle de Heidegger. Oubli ? Reniement ? C’est ce qu’interdit de croire l’invitation de P. Ricoeur, à la fin des années quatre-vingt, à «relire Jaspers après Heidegger » . Cette relecture est convaincante : sur la liberté, la communication, l’historicité, la finitude et l’ouverture à la transcendance, elle manifeste l’accord profond des deux penseurs.
De Dadelsen : « quelque parole fort brève » des Écritures
Authors: Frank Évelyne
Published: December 2019

La recension des noms, citations et allusions bibliques dans l’oeuvre du poète Dadelsen témoigne d’un vrai rapport d’intertextualité de celle-ci avec le Premier mais aussi le Nouveau Testament. Le mode de citation, grave ou irrévérencieux, laisse entrevoir que l’auteur était un familier des Écritures. Il semble plus particulièrement attaché à un nom, quelques mots, une expression bibliques donnant l’impulsion de l’oeuvre.
La diffusion du culte de Sarapis en Grèce continentale et dans les îles de l’Égée au IIIe siècle avant J.-C
Authors: Lefebvre Ludovic
Published: December 2019

Les raisons de la diffusion d’une nouvelle divinité interpellent toujours les spécialistes : pourquoi tel dieu a-t-il pu obtenir un accueil plus ou moins réceptif de la part d’une population et quelles ont été les raisons préludant à sa diffusion ? Sarapis, divinité syncrétique née en Égypte, pose les mêmes questions. Ce dieu a vu le jour juste au lendemain des conquêtes d’Alexandre le Grand dans l’antique terre des Pharaons. Il a bénéficié d’une diffusion rapide auprès de la population d’Égypte mais également auprès des cités de Grèce. Cet article propose de faire le point sur les témoignages de cette expansion et les conditions dans lesquelles celle-ci a pu s’effectuer, mais également de s’interroger sur l’attitude de la dynastie lagide, en se demandant s’il y eut interventionnisme de sa part.
Casas, programas sociales y prácticas políticas colectivas Etnografía de experiencias cotidianas de mujeres titulares del “Argentina Trabaja”
Authors: Pacífico Florencia Daniela
Published: December 2019

Este artículo propone un abordaje etnográfico de las prácticas políticas colectivas desarrolladas por mujeres titulares del programa “Argentina Trabaja” considerando la relación entre las formas de organización puestas en marcha por las cooperativas y aquello que sucede en las viviendas –su construcción, reforma y movimientos–. Dialogando con abordajes antropológicos sobre las casas, se planteará que aquello que las personas producen colectivamente a partir de un programa estatal y del desarrollo de prácticas de militancia se materializa en transformaciones en las viviendas y en la circulación de objetos entre quienes las habitan. Se propone contribuir a una reflexión más amplia en torno a los modos en que se define qué es la “política” y cuál es el sentido que la participación en modalidades de organización colectiva tiene en las vidas de las personas.
Consejo Tutelar como tecnología de gobierno. Relaciones agonistas entre protección y vigilância
Authors: Cruz Rifiotis Fernanda , Rifiotis Theophilos
Published: December 2019

Se trata de un análisis de las prácticas del Consejo Tutelar (CT) como tecnología de gobierno, a partir de uma investigación etnográfica de larga duración (2005-2007 y 2010-2014) realizada con jóvenes “egresas” de servicios de acogida institucional (abrigos) en el sur de Brasil. El trabajo etnográfico permite pensar que el CT funciona a partir de una “relación agonística” entre protección / cuidado y control / vigilancia, y se constituye como eje articulador de las experiencias de institucionalización y de desinstitucionalización que actúa como figura central de la intervención en las familias de las jóvenes y, posteriormente, de las que ellas mismas constituyen después. En esta figura, las jóvenes depositan por veces sus expectativas y anhelos de cambio de vida, y también sus frustraciones y revueltas con los cambios en las relaciones y los lazos familiares. En resumen, el CT actúa como productor de sujetos, los cuales a su vez resisten y subvierten sus funciones al relacionarse con él.
(Re)descobrindo a adoção no Brasil trinta anos depois do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente
Authors: Fonseca Claudia
Published: December 2019

A base de fontes documentais e entrevistas informais com profissionais com atuação na área, propomos nesse artigo descrever algumas mudanças no campo de adoção de crianças e adolescentes no Brasil ao longo dos últimos trinta anos. Iniciamos por uma observação metodológica: a falta de dados sistemáticos sobre adoção doméstica.  Passamos à consideração de uma ênfase crescente nos últimos anos na adoção pelo Cadastro Nacional de Adoção (em particular de crianças mais velhas) como solução para o número grande de jovens em acolhimento institucional. Sugerimos que avança uma visão pragmática calcada nos direitos individualizados da criança como princípio norteador das políticas de proteção, ao mesmo tempo que recuam os discursos sobre “justiça social” e “reintegração familiar” associados aos primeiros anos do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Trazemos então os debates em torno de “adoções diretas”, desenvolvendo a hipótese de que, apesar de sua pouca legitimidade e zero visibilidade nos discursos oficiais, elas exercem uma grande influência sobre as práticas de adoção no Brasil.  Terminamos por sublinhar certos silêncios no campo de adoção que dificultam tanto a avaliação de políticas atuais quanto o planejamento de políticas eficazes no futuro.
РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПІДТРИМКИ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО РОЗВИТКУ НА ПРИКЛАДІ МИКОЛАЇВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Shtyrov Oleksandr , Hirzhev Artem
Published: December 2019

У статті досліджуються механізми державної підтримки регіонального розвитку, а саме: фінансування з Державного фонду регіонального розвитку; субвенція з державного бюджету місцевим бюджетам на формування інфраструктури об’єднаних територіальних громад, субвенція з державного бюджету місцевим бюджетам на здійснення заходів щодо соціально-економічного розвитку окремих територій; субвенція з державного бюджету місцевим бюджетам на фінансування заходів соціально-економічної компенсації ризику населення, яке проживає на території зони спостереження; субвенція з державного бюджету місцевим бюджетам на здійснення заходів, спрямованих на розвиток системи охорони здоров’я у сільській місцевості. Автори аналізують нормативно-правові акти, якими визначено умови та цілі надання субвенцій з державного бюджету місцевим бюджетам, а також надання коштів з Державного фонду регіонального розвитку. Крім того подається цікавий досвід щодо успішного освоєння коштів субвенцій з державного бюджету місцевим бюджетам Миколаївської області. На підставі проведеного дослідження зроблені висновки, щодо позитивного впливу реалізації механізмів державної підтримки регіонального розвитку на об’єднані територіальні громади загалом і на Миколаївщину зокрема.
ОКРЕМІ АСПЕКТИ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ МІСЦЕВИХ ВИБОРІВ В УКРАЇНІ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА СПОСОБИ ЇХ ВИРІШЕННЯ
Authors: Shulga Anastasia
Published: December 2019

У статті аналізуються окремі правові та практичні аспекти проведення місцевих виборів в Україні, виявлено існуючі проблеми у виборчому процесі та запропоновано способи їх вирішення. На початку дослідження окреслено сутність поняття «вибори» та «місцеві вибори», наведено різні точки зору вчених на тлумачення цих двох понять. Основна частина статті присвячена характеристиці принципів, на яких ґрунтується проведення місцевих виборів в нашій державі. Такими принципами є загальне, рівне і пряме виборче право, вільність виборів, таємність голосування, особисте голосування. У ході дослідження виявлено, що повна реалізація кожного із зазначених принципів на сьогоднішній день є неможливою, через недосконалість діючого виборчого законодавства, наявність військового конфлікту на сході країни й анексії Автономної Республіки Крим, низький рівень правової свідомості та освіченості окремих громадян. Узагальнено, що законодавче закріплення основоположних засад виборчого процесу та їх суворе дотримання є невід’ємною складовою частиною суспільно-політичного життя України та однією з ознак дієвості демократії на її території, а також гарантією легітимації того, кого обрала більшість та суспільного спокою і впевненості у дієвості власних дій (голосів). Коротко охарактеризовано виборчі системи, за якими проводяться вибори до органів місцевого самоврядування. Обґрунтовано, що перші дві виборчі системи є простими у використанні й у кінцевому підрахунку голосів за кандидатів та зрозумілими для громадськості, яка обирає своїх представників. Виявлено, що існуючий модифікований варіант третьої виборчої системи (пропорційної), руйнує основні ідеї представницької демократії, породжує специфічну конкурентну боротьбу як між різними політичними партіями, так і в середині кожної із них. У підсумку зазначено, що місцеві вибори є надважливим проявом демократії в Україні, коли публічне управління здійснюють не лише народні обранці або державні службовці різної категорії, а безпосередньо кожен громадянин, приходячи на вибори та роблячи свій власний свідомий вибір.
Tandem Molecular Self-Assembly Selectively Inhibits Lung Cancer Cells by Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Zheng Debin , Chen Yumiao , Ai Sifan , Zhang Renshu , Gao Zhengfeng , Liang Chunhui , Cao Li , Chen Yaoxia , Hong Zhangyong , Shi Yang , Wang Ling , Li Xingyi , Yang Zhimou
Published: December 2019

The selective formation of nanomaterials in cancer cells and tumors holds great promise for cancer diagnostics and therapy. Until now, most strategies rely on a single trigger to control the formation of nanomaterials
in situ
. The combination of two or more triggers may provide for more sophisticated means of manipulation. In this study, we rationally designed a molecule (
Comp. 1
) capable of responding to two enzymes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and reductase. Since the A549 lung cancer cell line showed elevated levels of extracellular ALP and intracellular reductase, we demonstrated that
Comp. 1
responded in a stepwise fashion to those two enzymes and displayed a tandem molecular self-assembly behavior. The selective formation of nanofibers in the mitochondria of the lung cancer cells led to the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane, resulting in an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of cytochrome C (Cyt C). ROS can react with proteins, resulting in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR). This severe ER stress led to disruption of the ER, formation of vacuoles, and ultimately, apoptosis of the A549 cells. Therefore,
Comp. 1
could selectively inhibit lung cancer cells
in vitro
and A549 xenograft tumors
in vivo
. Our study provides a novel strategy for the selective formation of nanomaterials in lung cancer cells, which is powerful and promising for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
Justification of the effectiveness of the technique of myofascial self-massage using tennis balls in fitness
Authors: Kovaleva L. A. , Kovalev V. V.
Published: December 2019

Purpose: experimental substantiation of the effectiveness of myofascial self-massage techniques using tennis balls in fitness. Material and Methods. The study involved 20 girls aged 20-25 years, engaged in fitness 3 times a week in the evening in the same group. The control and experimental groups trained on identical programs during October 2018 - March 2019. The difference was that after training, participants in the experimental group, under the guidance of a methodologist, performed myofascial self-massage of the muscles of the back surface of the body. The following tests were used: Questionnaire on the Borg scale, method for measuring flexibility, method for changing the height of the jump, methods for determining the number of jumps, functional test Shtange. Intergroup differences were determined by tests. Results. The application of this technique gave a significant (p <0.05) improvement in flexibility indicators in the experimental group by 2.49 times. While in the control group, this indicator improved by 1, 59 times. Also in the experimental group, jumping indicators improved, namely the jump height by 28% of the initial indicators and the number of jumps by 12.6%. Based on the questionnaire data, the subjects of the experimental group improved sleep quality and tolerance of power loads. Conclusion. The use of myofascial self-massage using tennis balls is a unique, affordable and effective way to improve physical performance. The results obtained indicate the positive impact of this technique and the appropriateness of its application in the process of training an athlete to optimize the functional state, improve flexibility and jumping ability.
competencias y el involucramiento de los administradores del nivel medio en los procesos estratégicos de las organizaciones: un modelo teórico
Authors: Miranda Torrez Julián
Published: December 2019

Este documento, tiene el objetivo de presentar un modelo teórico que permita explicar la relación de las competencias estratégicas (conocimientos, habilidades y experiencias) que poseen los administradores que ocupan puestos en los niveles medios de la jerarquía organizacional, y su relación con el nivel de involucramiento en los procesos estratégicos que se desarrollan en las organizaciones. Este modelo es una alternativa a las perspectivas teóricas propuestas por Hambrick & Mason (1984) y Floyd & Wooldridge (2000). Para construir la nueva propuesta se realizó una amplia revisión bibliográfica y se aplicó una metodología cualitativa de análisis de documentos.

Esta propuesta será de gran utilidad para realizar investigaciones empíricas en organizaciones medianas y grandes, tanto públicas como privadas, aplicando metodologías cualitativas y cuantitativas. Para tal efecto, se presentan las proposiciones que relacionen los constructos del modelo.
METHODICAL SET OF INSTRUMENTS FOR ESTIMATING FINANCIAL STABILITY OF LOCAL BUDGETS IN UKRAINE
Authors: BONDARUK Taisiia , BONDARUK Ihor , DUBYNA Maksym
Published: December 2019

Introduction. In Ukraine, substantial structural reforms have been realized for last years. The necessity to provide financial stability of local budgets sets up new demands for their management. In this way the problem of searching new methods and tools to estimate financial stability of local budgets under the conditions of decentralization becomes of a great importance. Research purpose is to extend the theoretical and methodical bases and to prove methodical set of instruments for estimating financial stability of local budgets in Ukraine.

Results. It proves that in the sphere of modern science there are many problems connected with the methods for estimating financial stability of local budgets. Not all these problems have studied thoroughly. It proposes the set of instruments for estimating present financial stability of local budgets. This set of instruments includes the system of indices of present financial stability of local budgets: financial capability, financial autonomy, effectiveness, and debts obligations as well as indicating its integral index. It develops the accounting algorithm of these indices that outlines the order to analyse the dynamic information body of statistic data for estimating the groups of indices of financial stability of local budgets. It helps to characterize particular constituent elements of present financial stability of local budgets in Ukraine and to indicate its integral index.

Conclusions. It develops the set of methodical instruments for estimating the level of present financial stability of local budgets that includes the system of indices and the algorithm of its calculation. The approbation of methodology for estimating the level of present financial stability of local budgets in Ukraine proved the possibility of its use for analyzing the financial stability of local budgets.
Colombia resignifica y humaniza el concepto de justicia desde el enfoque restaurativo
Authors: Osorio Isabel , Barrera Yessica , Henao Janeth
Published: December 2019

En Colombia, la aceptación de la justicia restaurativa por el pueblo no ha sido el mejor, ya que para las personas del común la única forma de ejercer la justicia es a partir de una estructura carcelaria, por lo que el significado de los criterios de restauración, como son, verdad, justicia, reparación y no repetición, deben ser conectados a la realidad del país, y darle un nuevo significado que permita acercar el proceso de paz a la aceptación total del pueblo, generando confianza tanto para el grupo armado que se encuentra en el proceso como para las víctimas. En este artículo se analizan los criterios restaurativos de justicia, que implican una serie de movimientos positivos por parte del grupo armado FARC-EP, como es el cese de enfrentamientos, la dejación de armas y la desmovilización del grupo armado, generando así un inicio a un proceso de paz, el cual es esperado por todo el pueblo colombiano. Igualmente. se analizará la etapa más difícil del proceso de paz, la cual es llamada postconflicto, ya que en aquella es necesario incluir al desmovilizado en la población civil, por lo que es indispensable reeducar al pueblo y generar condiciones óptimas de inclusión, como educación, empleo y vivienda, ya que son elementos esenciales para convivir sanamente en comunidad. De acuerdo con ello, se indica que este artículo se realiza basado en una investigación cualitativa, esencialmente teórica, con tiene un alcance descriptivo; por lo tanto, desde lo conceptual esta investigación permitió comprender que el nuevo concepto de justicia restaurativa que adopta Colombia no consiste solo en el restablecimiento de la ley o del Estado de derecho, o en la participación y el consenso entre los implicados, sino también en la dignificación de las víctimas.
Reformulación socio jurídica de las políticas públicas de equidad para las mujeres del municipio de guarne (Antioquia)
Authors: Peralta Adi , Vásquez Marcela
Published: December 2019

Analizar los procesos de las políticas públicas para las mujeres en el municipio de Guarne (Antioquia), es un asunto que reviste fundamental importancia, tanto para los actores involucrados en los procesos, como para la mayor eficacia de las políticas y para la construcción democrática. El interés de la presente investigación es el de caracterizar los procesos de formulación e implementación de las políticas para las mujeres en el municipio de Guarne (Antioquia) visibilizando los factores institucionales, sociales, económicos, políticos y culturales que los han facilitado u obstaculizado, y en este marco analizar los procesos de concertación, negociación e interlocución entre las instancias estatales y el Movimiento de mujeres, en el ámbito municipal.
En este contexto se privilegia la aproximación al análisis de las políticas como “proceso” en cuanto su formulación e implementación surge del interactuar de los actores, del aprendizaje continuo entre ellos y de la aproximación incluyente e integral que se tenga del tema.
El proceso participativo es fundamental para fortalecer la gestión y la eficacia de las políticas públicas. Ello supone la participación de las personas interesadas desde la fase inicial de las políticas y programas y aumenta la posibilidad de su aceptación y eficacia de las mismas. Supone también comprender el ambiente político y la capacidad institucional y/o la voluntad política por parte de las instituciones para gestionarla, involucrar a los implementadores en los procesos de la formulación de las políticas, y entablar comunicación permanente con los grupos y redes formales e informales
Los factores antes señalados aumentan la eficacia de las políticas en cuanto crean un espacio para el diálogo y la negociación continua, incrementan el compromiso y el sentido de propiedad con la gestión de la política de los diversos grupos de la sociedad, y fortalecen los vínculos entre los hacedores de políticas y las comunidades. Así mismo permite analizar la interlocución en doble vía, Movimiento de mujeres- Estado Movimiento de mujeres, en el proceso de formulación e implementación de las políticas para las mujeres.
Permite visibilizar la concertación, o no, con el Movimiento de Mujeres de tales políticas, la representación en ellas de los intereses y necesidades planteadas desde las mujeres, y la posición desde las mujeres a las políticas formuladas y a las instancias encargadas de impulsarlas.
Medición de distancias entre dos objetos a partir de procesamiento de imagen
Authors: Duarte Dennis , Domínguez Sidney
Published: December 2019

En base a la necesidad de un software que nos permitiera hacer la medición de distancias entre dos objetos a partir de procesamiento de imagen, se desarrolló un software de control en Labview para la obtención de las distancias en pixel y posteriormente en distancia real. El software se diseñó, con las herramientas que tiene Labview de procesamiento de imagen, para poder obtener estas distancias entre los objetos.
QSAR STUDIES OF SULPHONAMIDES AS CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II INHIBITORS USING TOPOLOGICAL INDICES
Authors: Patel Prabhanand
Published: December 2019

In this paper topological indices have been used in modeling log KI activity of 47 organic compounds acts as carbonic
anhydrase II inhibitors. The 7-parametric model gave excellent results which contains mixed parameters. The results are
discussed using different statistical parameters.
TO COMPARE THE PEDIATRIC TRUVIEW EVO2 AND AIRTRAQ LARYNGOSCOPE IN CHILDREN < 5 YEARS WITH NORMALAIRWAY.
Authors: Kumar Aditya
Published: December 2019

Introduction: To compare the pediatric TruView EVO2 and Airtraq laryngoscope in children < 5 years with normal airway.
Methods: Prospective, randomised, controlled study with 60 children scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia divided into two
groups:intubation using TVand Airtraq. Time to intubate, rst attempt success rate (FASR), percentage of glottic opening, ease of intubation score
and complications were recorded.
Results: Time to intubate was 27.54sec in TV and 21.50 sec in AT (P<0.0001). FASR was 80% in the TV and 100% in the AT. The percentage of
glottis opening score was 90% in TVand ATgroup. Ease of Intubation was more with ATgroup.
Conclusion: AT is better than TV for intubating children as it takes lesser time for intubation, has higher rst attempt success rate and greater ease
of intubation.