bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PDA-CAD method for the determination of magnesium, pyridoxine and thiamine in a dietary supplement supported by analytical quality by design methodology
Authors: Rmandić Milena , Rađenović Miloš , Stanković Jovana , Protić Ana , Otašević Biljana , Malenović Anđelija
Published: October 2021

In this research, Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) methodology was used to develop the HILIC-PDA-CAD method for the determination of magnesium, pyridoxine and thiamine content in a dietary supplement. Experiments were conducted on the Dionex Ulitimate 3000 HPLC system with PDA and CAD detectors. Separations were performed on the ZIC-HILIC PEEK column (100 × 4.6 mm, 5 mm) with a mixture of acetonitrile, acetone and ammonium acetate/ammonium formate aqueous solution (48:12:40, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The detection was performed at 220 nm. The optimal settings of CAD were defined with the one-factor-at-a-time approach: evaporation temperature 50°C, filter constant 10 s, pressure gas 60 psi. The influence of qualitative (salt type) and quantitative factors (pH and salt concentration) on the magnesium retention factor, k Mg and the selectivity factor between pyridoxine and chloride anion, a B6/Cl-, was tested using the I-optimal design. The design space was defined by Monte Carlo simulations and model coefficients' errors were propagated with the aim of identifying the conditions that meet the following criteria: k Mg <4 and a B6/Cl->3.5, with the probability p=95%. From the derived 2D-Design Space graph, 95 mM of ammonium formate pH 4.4 was selected as the optimal composition of the aqueous phase. The method was validated and its reliability in routine application was confirmed.
Radiological presentation of COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Đurić-Stefanović Aleksandra
Published: October 2021

Interstitial pneumonia is the main manifestation of the COVID-19 disease. The aim of this paper is to present the spectrum of typical radiological findings (CT - computed tomography, and radiographic) in COVID-19 pneumonia, the different CT examination techniques, the types and evolution of inflammatory lesions in the lungs, the criteria for assessing the probability of COVID-19 pneumonia in comparison to other types of interstitial pneumonia, and the scoring systems for determining the extent of COVID-19 pneumonia, based on CT findings and radiography. The standard CT examination protocol is a native CT examination of the chest, and, due to high sensitivity of low-dose CT protocols for detecting lung lesions, this imaging technique has become widely used in radiological practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Bilateral, multiple, round or confluent zones of ground-glass density, predominantly localized subpleurally, peripherally and posteriorly, usually most extensive in the lower lobes, represent a typical CT presentation of COVID-19 pneumonia. Consolidations may develop at a later stage. A chest X-ray shows homogeneously reduced transparency in the lateral pulmonary fields, circular and irregular cloudlike shadows, and confluent patchy shadows, usually most extensive basally and laterally. RSNA and CO-RADS criteria are used to assess the probability of COVID-19 pneumonia, based on the criteria of a typical/atypical CT finding. Four stages of COVID-19 pneumonia have been defined, based on the dynamics of inflammatory lung lesion presentation: early, progressive, the phase of consolidation and the phase of organization. To assess the extent and severity of pneumonia, various scoring systems have been proposed, the most widely accepted one being the CT severity scoring system, based on visual semiquantitative assessment of the percentage of lung parenchyma inflammation lesions involvement of each of the five lobes, on a scale of 1 (<5%) to 5 (>75%), whereby the maximum score can be 25.
COVID-19 mortality in Belgrade
Authors: Rosić Nataša , Šantrić-Milićević Milena
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Mortality data are the most reliable indicators of the number of lives that a community has lost due to COVID-19 and represent the minimum data necessary for public health decision-making. Aim: The aim of the study is to describe the basic characteristics of population mortality from COVID-19 in Belgrade in 2020. Methods: The unit of observation in this cross-sectional study for the description of mortality from COVID-19 in 2020 was the population of Belgrade (total, by sex, and by age intervals). COVID-19 was analyzed as the main cause of death (ICD-10: U071, U072). The number and the structure of deaths (%), the crude death rate (per 1,000 population) and the specific death rate (per 100,000 population) were analyzed. The data sources for the study were official statistics on vital events of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Results: In 2020, 10.5% of the total number of deaths were due to COVID-19, and the majority of deaths was from the male contingent of Belgrade residents. The mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 158.78 per 100,000 population (211.7 for males and 111.4 for females). COVID-19 was the second leading cause of death in Belgrade. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the existence of premature mortality in Belgrade. In 2020, COVID-19 was the second leading cause of death among the male residents of Belgrade, while in female residents, it was the third leading cause of mortality. This research provides evidence that can contribute to the international discussion about societal losses caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Una Investigación Histórica sobre la Formación del Bloque Hegemónico de los Estados Unidos en las Américas
Authors: Nourigholamizadeh Elaheh
Published: October 2021

Desde la Doctrina Monroe (1823) hasta el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, los Estados Unidos tomó gradualmente el lugar de las potencias colonialistas europeas en América Latina y empleó una amplia gama de los compromisos políticos en los países de región que le brindaron una potencia dominante en el hemisferio occidental. Durante la Guerra Fría, las políticas intervencionistas de los EE.UU. en los asuntos domésticos de los países latinoamericanos establecieron la “hegemonía estadounidense en América Latina”. Una investigación histórica sobre las relaciones de los países americanos muestra que según la perspectiva neo-Gramsciana, la hegemonía liberal de los EE.UU. en América Latina es preservada y promovida por tres pilares: cultura liberal; organizaciones interamericanas; y capacidades militares y económicas. Estos tres pilares también se han extendido a otras partes del mundo.

From the Monroe Doctrine (1823) to the end of World War II, the United States gradually took the place of the European colonial powers in Latin America and employed a wide range of political engagements in the countries of the region that gave it a dominant power in the Western Hemisphere. During the Cold War, US interventionist policies in the domestic affairs of the Latin American countries established the “American hegemony in Latin America”. A historical research on the U.S-Latin America relations shows that according to the neo-Gramscian perspective, US liberal hegemony in Latin America is preserved and promoted by three pillars: liberal culture; inter-American organizations; and US military and economic capabilities. These three pillars have also spread to other parts of the world.
Voices of first responders :
Authors: Dawkins Shan e , Buchanan Kerrianne , Prettyman Sandra Spickard
Published: October 2021

The Nationwide Public Safety Broadband Network (NPSBN) is being developed to provide a dedicated network for first responders use during incident response. A wave of new communication technologies compatible with the NPSBN is on the horizon, as major research and development efforts for these technologies are ongoing. The aim of the NIST PSCR Usability Team is to gain a better understanding of the usability of communication technology for first responders, by investigating the contexts in which they work, their experiences with incident response, and their problems with and needs for communication technology. To this end, NIST s PSCR Usability Team conducted an exploratory, sequential, mixed-methods study to gather insights into the experiences and needs of first responders. The multi-phase study included in-depth interviews with 193 first responders, followed by a nationwide survey of 7 182 first responders. This report is the third of the series of volumes on Phase 2, presenting survey results related to first responder experiences with their day-to-day devices: frequency of use of these devices, useful rankings of the devices, and problems experienced with them. Four overarching themes that have implications for R&D of first responder communication technology are presented in this report, reinforcing the six user-centered design guidelines identified in the Phase 1, Volume 1 report. These themes and guidelines can aid researchers, designers, and developers in the public safety domain in attending to those issues that are most important to first responders.
Modeling public safety communication scenarios :
Authors: Rouil Richard , Izquierdo Manzanares Antonio , Liu Chunmei , Garey Wesley
Published: October 2021

Public safety practitioners performing day-to-day activities and responding to incidents communicate in ways that are very different from the general public. In order to determine if a particular technology or network deployment can meet the performance requirements critical to first responders, sound and detailed scenarios are needed. In this document, we present a fictional school shooting scenario involving a large number of responders, vehicles, and applications, over a 4-hour period. We describe, in detail, the location of the users, the type of applications used and their usage patterns. We also present a basic net-work deployment using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and describe the implementation of such a scenario in the open-source ns-3 simulation platform so it can serve as a baseline for future research.
ANALYSIS ON OPTIMIZATION DECISION OF PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE MODE BASED ON ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
Authors: JING HONGJUN , Yao Ping , SONG LICHEN , Zhang Jiahao , Zhao Yanlong , Zhang Zhong
Published: October 2021

With the rapid development of China's transportation and the improvement of people's living standards, China's highways have entered the peak maintenance period. According to the old road conditions and financial conditions, how to choose the appropriate maintenance technology to meet the technical and economic requirements of highway maintenance and construction projects has become a difficult problem faced by highway maintenance management departments. Therefore, based on the principle of index selection, this study comprehensively considered the impact of various factors on maintenance decision-making, determined four evaluation indexes, and systematically studied the compre-hensive decision-making system of asphalt pavement recycling maintenance. Based on the subjective-objective linkage and probability statistics method, the eigenvalue of the applicability of recycling mode was transformed to the same scale of 0 to 100, and the fuzzy scoring interval of the four bids was proposed. The calculation method of pavement quality recovery index (PQRI) and the analysis basis of economic benefits were clarified. Finally, the weight of each index was calculated by analytic hierarchy process, and the multi-index comprehensive decision-making method of pavement maintenance is constructed and used to theoretically verify and guide the actual road section. Results demonstrate that the proposed PQRI can realize the operability of quantifying the later operation of pavement. The weight of each index from big to small is PQRI > economic benefit > applicability of recycling mode. The recycled pavement quality recovery indices and applicability of the four recycling modes have small differences, and the proposed four bids interval makes the decision-making evaluation process more simple and explicit. The decision evaluation results of actual road section verify the rationality and practicability of the decision method. The conclusions are important for the maintenance and management of asphalt pavement recycling technology.

Keywords: road engineering, recycling maintenance, intelligent decision-making, fuzzy evaluation
Financing and Financial Risks of Professional Sports Clubs in the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Šupuković Vedran , Jakupović Sanel , Valčić Josip
Published: October 2021

The system of financing sports clubs in the Republic of Croatia is the closest to a mixed model in which the main sources of financing are: budget funds and the economy. It is an indisputable fact that professional sports clubs in the Republic of Croatia from the beginning of the 1990s until today have actually relied mainly on city administrations and majority state-owned companies in terms of funding. In the total revenue structure of all major sports clubs in Croatia, all other revenues including the private sector, TV rights, ticket revenues, revenues from own marketing, were extremely small and in fact such an inadequate revenue structure of almost all clubs created “dependent clubs” that have become existentially addicted to public money in the case of non-commercial sports, or in the case of football addicted to UEFA revenues or player transfers which in turn have great variability. The paper examines and proves that the greatest impact on reducing financial risk in business have their own revenues generated by sports teams in Croatia. All the funds they receive from the budget or from sponsors from the economy are not enough to reduce the risk and the club to operate without difficulty.
Differences in the Space of Motor Abilities Athletes Students and Non-Athletes
Authors: Bajrić Osmo , Božić Darko , Hadžić Rašid
Published: October 2021

The main goal of this research is to determine the partial quantitative differences in the motor abilities of students aged 13 - 15 years, athletes and non-athletes. For the realization of this research, a sample of 170 students was treated, of which 70 regularly attend physical education classes and engage in other physical activities (athletes) and 100 students who do not engage in any sport except regular physical education classes (non-athletes). In research we used 16 variables to assess basic motor skills that cover the study area well. To determine the partial quantitative differences at the univariate level between the respondents in motor skills, analysis of T-test results for small independent samples was applied. In order to determine the differences between the examined groups, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the partial statistically significant quantitative differences between respondents in motor skills, as well as differences between the groups of students.
PHARMACEUTICAL AND ANALYTICAL STUDY ON DIFFERENT PARTS OF ASHOKA [SARACA ASOCA ROXB. DE WILDE.]
Authors: Saraswathi Soumya M , Padyana Subrahmanya
Published: October 2021

Presently Ayurvedic medicines are becoming ultimate medicine rather than alternative medicine. The plant Asoka (Saraca asoca Roxb.)is one of the important plants of the Indian system of medicine known for its numerous pharmacological activities. After analysing the physicochemical and phytochemical properties of different parts of Ashoka, various formulations of different parts of Ashoka have been prepared. Hence, to establish the different parts of Ashoka as medicine, an attempt has been made to conduct a pharmaceutical and analytical study on various parts of Ashoka. In the present study, it can be conclusively said that the face pack of the root powder is beneficial in blackish discolouration of the face, root ointment in acne and blackish discolouration of the face, stem syrup is beneficial in eczema and acne, stem powder soap is useful in skin disease, bark Kashaya in gynaecological disorders, bark syrup in dysfunctional uterine bleeding and anaemia, bark granules in general debility and anaemia, tender leaves Tambuli in gastritis, leaf ointment in acne, flower Tambuli in gastritis and menorrhagia, flower syrup in gastritis and seed powder is useful in urinary calculi and burning micturition. The pharmaceutical evaluation of all the prepared products of Ashoka was done and analysed systematically. The multiple formulations of different parts of Ashoka (S. asoca) which are useful as food and medicine are the outcomes of the present study
CONTEMPORARY UNDERSTANDING OF SHADCHAKRA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Sharma Akanksha , Sabharwal Pooja
Published: October 2021

Contemporary science is a bridge between Ayurveda and modern science that enlightened the old concepts and familiar to the scientific community. It has been broadly accepted in the scientific community that the physiological functions of the body is influenced by Shatchakra. The literature review of this article explain that Intercellular gap junction or nexuses regulate physiological mechanism underlying subtle energy systems. Furthermore, electrical conduction associated with gap junctions could generate phenomena which, have the radiant qualities attributed to Chakra. This study aims to critically analyze and explore the concept of Shadchakras anatomy with its radiological evidence to prove and understand its therapeutic potential in light of contemporary science language. For this review, we had collected information from Ayurveda and modern literature on the subject of Shadchakras. Scientific pieces of evidence provide prove about Shadchakras existence with anatomical correlation and physiologically as a part of Sukshma Sharir which can affect our body and mind as well and maintain quality of life.
DIETETICS MANAGEMENT IN UDAVARTINI YONIVYAPAD (DYSMENORRHEA): A REVIEW
Authors: Bhandari Swati , Badwal Divya , Agarwal Ruby Rani
Published: October 2021

Dysmenorrhea is a medical condition characterized by severe uterine pain during menstruation. It is one of the most common gynaecological complaints observed. It has a high impact on women’s quality of life resulting in a restriction of daily activities, a lower academic performance, and poor quality of sleep and has negative effects on mood, causing anxiety and depression. Dysmenorrhea is explained as an Udavartini Yonivyapad in Ayurveda. The main clinical feature of Udavartini is rajahkricchrata i.e., painful menstruation. Today’s stressful modern lifestyle and faulty food habits i.e., increased consumption of oily and junk food is leading to a higher incidence of dysmenorrhea. In modern medicine, dysmenorrhea is treated by oral hormonal pills, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and analgesics. Long term use of these produces side effects. Thus, these are not the solution to the problem. The role of diet has been well considered as an etiological factor responsible for causing dysmenorrhea. Ayurveda has given importance to diet and regimen as a part of Chikitsa. Thus, taking an appropriate diet (Pathya Ahara) and avoiding a faulty diet (Apathya Ahara) will help in prevention as well as reducing the symptoms of dysmenorrhea.
A REVIEW ON TOBACCO ADDICTION AND ITS MANAGEMENT: AN AYURVEDIC APPROACH
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Rajak Manish , Singh Jai Kumar
Published: October 2021

Addiction is a very common habitual psychological or physiological disorder in this modern era. It is a condition of dependence on any substances or drugs. It harms human beings along with its social consequence. Sudden withdrawal of addicted drugs produces different types of psychosomatic disorders. Addiction is not only about drug addiction or alcohol addiction or substance addiction. In the Ayurvedic view, overuse of any aspect and every aspect is considered an addiction. Addictions influence the physical, emotional and psychological behaviour of an individual with a wrong effect. Tobacco and alcohol are the most widely consumed psychotropic drugs which are used worldwide. The common use of both increases the risk of noncommunicable diseases to many folds. Ayurvedic texts have described different types of De-addiction treatment which can be applied in this context along with replacement therapy with medicines described in the Madatyaya chapter of Charaka Samhita Chikitsa sthana. The main aim of this review article is to compile and evaluate the concept of tobacco addiction and its management. All the descriptions of addiction mentioned in different Ayurvedic texts were critically analyzed and discussed to check their relation.
A REVIEW ON BASTI CHIKITSA IN PRAMEHA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: K J Suma , N Meghana , C Shalini
Published: October 2021

Prameha is a Tridoshaja Vyadhi with Kapha predominance. It is a lifestyle disorder and Charaka explains it as a Santarpana Janya Vyadhi, caused due to overindulgence in heavy and richly nutritious food, daytime sleep, lack of exercise, other sedentary habits and not doing seasonal purification. All these etiological factors are responsible for the formation of Vitiated Meda and Kleda (deliquesce) i.e. Abhishyanda. The disease is mainly characterized by Prabhuta and Avila Mutrata. Prameha can be correlated with Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology, characterized by an increase in plasma blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Globally, an estimated 463 million adults are living with Diabetes. Diabetes Currently affects more than 62 million people which is more than 7.1% of India’s adult population. As Prameha is a Santarpana Janya Vyadhi, Apatarpana is the main line of treatment. Charaka explains various Shodhana procedures in Prameha and contraindicates Basti in it, as it will increase the progress of the disease. But still, Acharyas explain various Basti Karmas for Prameha. Hence here is an attempt to critically analyse Basti Karma as a line of treatment in Prameha.
Response of Organic Manures, Inorganic Fertilizers and Bio-fertilizers on Qualitative and Quantitative Parameters of Onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Kumar S. Nantha , Ramanathan S. , Paramasivam M.
Published: October 2021

Aims: To find out the response of combined use of organic, inorganic and bio-fertilizers of nutrients on quality of small onion Aggregatum cv. Thengaithittu.

Study Design: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design 9 treatment combinations with three replications.

Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted for two seasons at Adhiparasakthi Horticultural College farm situated at 12°15’N and 78° 20’E longitude, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India during the year 2014-2015.

Methodology: The treatments comprised of organic manures, inorganic fertilizer and bio-fertilizers with nine treatments viz., T1: NPK (60:60:30 kg/ha.), T2: Farm yard manure (FYM) (25t/ha.), T3: FYM (25t/ha.) + NPK (60:60:30 kg/ha.), T4: FYM (25t/ha.) +Azospirillum (2kg/ha.)+ NPK (30:30:15 kg/ha.), T5: FYM (25t/ha.) + Phosphobacteria (2kg/ha.) +NPK (60:30:30 kg/ha.), T6: FYM (25t/ha.) + Azospirillum (2kg/ha.) + Phosphobacteria (2kg/ha.) +NPK (30:30:15 kg/ha.), T7: FYM (25t/ha.)+NPK (60:60:30 kg/ha.) + gypsum (50kg/ha.),  T8: FYM (25t/ha.) + Azospirillum (2kg/ha.) + Phosphobacteria (2kg/ha.) +NPK (30:30:15 kg/ha.) +gypsum (50 kg/ha.) and T9: FYM (25 kg/ha.) + gypsum (50 kg/ha.).

Results: The combined application of N, P, K, FYM, Azospirillum, phosphobacteria and gypsum significantly influenced the total soluble solids (15.77B°), ascorbic acid (14.76 mg/100g) and total sugars (14.72%) contents. The combined application of organic manures, inorganic and bio-fertilizers may be recommended to farmers to get good quality onion.
Exploring Correlations of COVID-19 Mortality Rates with Development Variables: The Case of Northeast India
Authors: Hazarika Bidyutt Bikash , Saikia Debajyoti Dutta , Boruah Bidyut Bikash , Nath Amrit Kumar
Published: October 2021

Aim: This paper explores the correlation of the Covid-19 mortality rate with some other developmental variables. This study also attempts to highlight the state-wise variability in mortality rate in the Northeastern region of India.

Study Design: The study focuses on eight Northeastern states, correlating the Covid-19 mortality rate and other development (or socio-economic) variables. This study focuses on the region of North East India because there have been few investigations on Covid-19 in the region. This study follows a cross-sectional study design.

Duration of the Study: The study was conducted and completed around three months.

Methodology: The nature of the correlation between the mortality rate of Covid-19 and the other variables is determined by using the Karl Pearson correlation approach. We began by performing a correlation study and calculating the correlation coefficients.

Results: The results demonstrate that all independent variables adversely correlate with the Covid-19 mortality rate. Except for the number of doctors in district hospitals and health spending per capita, which have a moderate negative correlation with the predicted variable, all explanatory factors have a weak negative connection with the death rate. Surprisingly, both the NSDP per Capita and the case positivity rate have negative findings. Another major issue in the findings is that none of the factors statistically link with mortality.

Conclusion: This research shows that the more a state's socio-economic infrastructures, notably its health infrastructures, are developed, the lower the mortality rate in a pandemic will be.
Stability Indicating Method Development and Validation of Cenobamate in Bulk and Dosage form by Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Damodharan K. Athulya , Nuaman . , Archana M. , Palathingal Mariya , Ashisha P. , Marathakam Akash
Published: October 2021

A simple, Precise, Accurate method was developed for the estimation of Cenobamate   by RP-HPLC technique. Chromatographic conditions used are stationary phase symmetry C18 (150 mm* 4.6 mm 5 µm), mobile phase Acetonitrile: 0.01NKH2PO4in the ratio of 55:45 and flow rate was maintained at 1.0ml/min, detection wave length was 272.0 nm; column temperature was set to 30oC. Retention time was found to be 2.908 min. System suitability parameters were studied by injecting the standard six times and results were well under the acceptance criteria. Linearity study was carried out between 25% to150 % levels, R2 value was found to be as 0.999.Precision was found to be 0.5 for repeatability and 0.8 for intermediate precision. LOD and LOQ are 0.01µg/ml and 0.03µg/ml respectively. By using above method assay of marketed formulation was carried out 100.32% was present. Degradation studies of Cenobamate were done, in all conditions purity threshold was more than purity angle and within the acceptable range.
Development and Validation of a Diethyl Phosphite Content in Foscarnet Sodium USP by GC MS Technique
Authors: Bhatale Mohan , Kaliyaperumal Neelakandan , Mannathusamy Gopalakrishnan , Ramalingam Gurunathan
Published: October 2021

A simple, rapid, selective, and reproducible Gas chromatographic mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method has been developed and validated for the estimation of Diethyl Phosphite content in Foscarnet Sodium USP Drug substance. The drugs were estimated using HP-5, Length-30 M, Internal diameter 0.32 mm; Film thickness 1 μ at a total flow rate of 11.9 ml/min, and column flow of 1.49 ml/min was used for the separation. Flow control mode was pressure. Column oven temperature 70°C and injector temperature 220°C. Oven program modified for proper elution of peak. The linearity range used was 0.025-0.120µg/ml and (Rt) was 6.7 min. The correlation coefficient values were found to be 0.997. Precession studies showed % RSD values less than 15.0% for all the selected concentrations. The percentage recovery of Diethyl phosphite from LOQ to 150% was found in range of 100.7 -116.7%. The content results of Phophite content were within the limits of less than 0.12 ppm. The method was validated as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The developed method was successfully used for the quantitative analysis of commercially available dosage forms.
Heart Disease Diagnosis by Neural Networks
Authors: Varshney Khyati , Paliwal Mrinal
Published: October 2021

In the present time the Mortality rate will be increased all around the world on their daily basis. So the cause for this might possibly be largely ascribe to the developing in the numbers of the patients with the cardiovascular patient’s diseases. To aggravate the cases, many physicians that have been known for the misdiagnosis of the patients announce heart related ailments. In this research paper, the intelligent systems have been designed in which they will help in the successful diagnosis of the forbearing to avoiding misdiagnosis. In the dataset of a UCI stat log of heart disease that will be using in this investigation. The dataset contains 14 attributes which are essential in the diagnosis of the heart diseases. A system is sculpted on the multilayer neural networks trained with convolutional & simulated convolutional neural networks. The identification of 89% was acquired from the testing of the networks.
An Analytical Study on Acute Liver Injury in Patients Caused by Classic Heat stroke
Authors: Mishra Kirti , Srivatava Pallavi
Published: October 2021

Heat Stroke is a kind of medical emergency that can cause severe dehydration and neurological changes as a result multi-organ injuries or failure could be possible. Heat strokes occur when the body temperature exceeds 40 0C due to external heat and humidity. The liver is widely affected by heatstroke that’s why taking care of patients suffering from heatstroke is very important. Various studies have been reported in the literature regarding acute liver failure but none of the studies discussed acute liver failure during the hospital stay. Patients during their hospital stay will have a higher risk of mortality due to heatstroke. In this paper, an analytical study has been done on admitted patients to a government hospital in India. These patients are suffered from heatstroke from April 2007 to September 2011 and a second time period from July 2018 to September 2019. The sample includes 60 patients with 58 (97%) males having a totaled number of 12 fatalities. The observed International Normalized ratio (INR) parameter is greater than 1.6 and no increased mortality has been noticed, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, were not associated with an increased mortality rate.
Meditation and Preventive Cardiac Health
Authors: Kumaar Sidhharrth S.
Published: October 2021

Thanks to advancements in medical and technical therapy, heart failure (HF) patients are now better predicted. A longer lifespan is linked to an increase in the number of risky lifestyle factors and behaviours that put a person at risk for heart failure (HF) early on in life. Doctors dealing with this challenging illness place emphasis only on medicinal products or medical equipment, although changes in lifestyles may assist to prevent and cure heart failure and are often neglected. The effects of weight reduction and exercise on cardiovascular disease (HF), as well as the impact of nutritional supplements and mindfulness on the illness's causes, physiopathology, and therapy, were studied by researchers.
Flavored E-Cigarette Sales Restrictions and Young Adult Tobacco Use
Authors: Friedman Abigail S. , Pesko Michael F. , Whitacre Travis R.
Published: December 2024

Importance

More than one-quarter of US residents live in states or localities that restrict sales of flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), often as a means to reduce youth vaping. Yet, how these policies affect young adult vaping and smoking remains unclear.

Objective

To estimate the effects of ENDS flavor restrictions on ENDS use and cigarette smoking among young adults (age 18-29 years) in the US.

Design, Participants, and Setting

This quasi-experimental analysis used annual survey data from the 2016 to 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a series of nationally- and state-representative, repeated cross-sectional surveys of noninstitutionalized civilian adults in the US. Two-way fixed-effects specifications were estimated to assess how ENDS flavor restrictions affect young adults’ use of ENDS and cigarettes. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders including concurrent tobacco control policies, respondent demographic characteristics, and socioeconomic factors. Data analyses were conducted in November 2023 and repeated in October 2024 to incorporate newly released 2023 survey data.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Current and daily use of ENDS and of cigarettes as measured in the BRFSS.

Results

Balanced panel analyses of 242 154 individuals aged 18 to 29 years consistently found that state ENDS flavor restrictions were associated with statistically significant reductions in daily vaping and increases in daily cigarette smoking. Estimates were similar across robustness checks, with the main specification showing 3.6 (95% CI, −5.0 to −2.1) percentage point (ppt) reductions in daily vaping and 2.2 ppt increases in daily cigarette smoking (95% CI, 1.0 to 3.4) relative to changes in states without restrictions. These estimates are equivalent to an 80% reduction in daily vaping and 22% increase in daily smoking compared with 2018 mean rates.

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this quasi-experimental analysis of BRFSS survey data indicate that state restrictions on flavored ENDS sales were associated with reduced vaping among young adults but may have unintentionally increased cigarette smoking, potentially offsetting public health gains. These findings suggest that alleviating the burden of tobacco-related disease will require regulatory strategies that balance reducing vaping with preventing increases in more lethal, combustible tobacco use.
Household Food Allergen Exclusion Practices and Food Allergy-Related Psychosocial Functioning
Authors: Ruran Hana B. , D’Ambrosi Gabrielle , Dupuis Roxanne , Herbert Linda J. , Sicherer Scott H. , Phipatanakul Wanda , Bartnikas Lisa M.
Published: December 2024

This cross-sectional study examines households that exclude allergens by specific food allergy and the association of food allergy-related psychosocial functioning.
Real‐world efficacy of transfusion with liberal or restrictive strategy in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Cui Liang‐Wen , Liu Nian , Yu Chao , Fang Ming , Huang Rui , Zhang Cheng , Shao Min
Published: December 2024

Objective

The short‐term efficacy of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion among general traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is unclear.

Methods

We used the MIMIC database to compare the efficacy of liberal (10 g/dL) versus conservative (7 g/dL) transfusion strategy in TBI patients. The outcomes were neurological progression (decrease of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) of at least 2 points) and death within 28 days of ICU admission. Each eligible individual was cloned and assigned each of the replicates to one of the treatment arm. The imbalance induced by informative censoring was adjusted by inverse probability weighting. The standardized, weighted pooled logistic regression with 500 bootstrap resampling was used to estimate the cumulative risk difference and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Of the 1141 eligible individuals, 29.0% received RBC transfusion. Compared with the restrictive group, the liberal strategy reduced early death (3 days: 5%, 95% CI: 2%–7%; 7 days: 6%, 95% CI: 3%–11%); however, no significant difference of mortality risk at 28‐day or neurological progression risk at any time points was observed. The risk of coagulopathy at 3 days was increased by 7% (95% CI: 1%–19%) in the liberal group. The subgroup analysis indicated a beneficial effect of liberal transfusion on mortality in hemodynamically unstable patients.

Interpretation

Compared with the restrictive strategy, the liberal strategy does not improve the short‐term neurological prognosis and death among patients with TBI in a real‐world situation. The liberal strategy may be beneficial to survival at very early stage or in hemodynamically unstable subgroup.
In situ Synthesized Staggered‐Layer‐Boosted Flexible Ag2Se and Cu2Se Thin Films for Wearable Thermoelectric Power Generators
Authors: Zhang Dehui , Li Longbin , Zhang Xuanshuo , Guan Lifeng , Jin Shuai , Jia Jianchao , Wen Jinxiu , Zeng Wei
Published: December 2024

Flexible thermoelectric generators (TEGs) have been considered as a promising power source for rapidly developing wearable microelectronic devices, but how to integrate high‐performance materials and device design to prepare an available wearable TEGs is still challenging. In this study, n‐type silver selenide (Ag2Se) and p‐type copper selenide (Cu2Se) films are prepared by in situ full metal selenization strategy combined with screen‐printing technique, avoiding a high‐temperature process and expensive equipments. Further, a 3D structured thermoelectric module with 42 thermoelectric p‐n leg pairs is designed and configured by vertically embedding Ag₂Se and Cu₂Se thin films into a 4 mm‐thick silicone layer that provides insulation and structural support. The device consistently delivers power, achieving the maximum open‐circuit voltage of 113 mV at a temperature difference of 60 K, with a maximum power density of 234.3 µW cm−2. Under bending stress, the flexible TEG still has 81% retention rate of initial power density after 1500 bending cycles, indicating the good bending property. It can also generate a voltage of 3.6 and 7 mV, respectively, when worn on an arm with or without a fan expanding temperature difference. The work highlights a simple method to obtain efficient selenide thermoelectric films for cost‐effective flexible 3D structured TE devices.
Porous Materials with Water‐Triggered Instant Transformation to Robust Hydrogel Adhesives for Rapid Hemostasis of High‐Pressure Hemorrhages
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Wang Jianfei , Wang Xinping , Meng Yuanyuan , Feng Xiangzhen , Liu Gaoli , Wang Dong‐An , Fan Changjiang
Published: December 2024

Uncontrolled traumatic hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable death. As two main forms of hemostatic materials, however, both sponges and hydrogel adhesives usually fail to control massive hemorrhage due to their respective shortcomings. Hemostatic sponge shows weak tissue adhesion, while the gelation process of hydrogel makes it difficult to seal high‐pressure bleeding wounds. There is an urgent need to develop next‐generation hemostats combining the advantages of sponges and hydrogel adhesives. Herein, a general methodology to prepare novel Fe3+‐laden porous material (Fe3+@GCS) for rapid hemostasis of the high‐pressure and ‌severe hemorrhages is proposed, which is fabricated by loading ferric chloride with ethanol into the catechol‐modified carboxylated gelatin sponge (GCS). Notably, porous Fe3+@GCS can undergo water‐triggered rapid transformation‌ to robust‐adhesive hydrogels. The sealing strength of Fe3+@GCS on wet tissues reaches an astonishing ≈600 mm Hg. Rapid water uptake of Fe3+@GCS around wound not only concentrates blood components but also excludes interfacial water, facilitating blood clotting and wound sealing with the in situ formed sticky hydrogel. Fe3+@GCS can efficiently stop the high‐pressure hemorrhaging from traumatic injuries of arteries and hearts in rats and pigs, respectively, via a simple and short‐time pressing. Furthermore, the wound sealing by Fe3+@GCS promotes wound repair and healing.
Crosslinking‐Modulated Hydrogel Piezoionic Senor for Pattern Security Authentication in Human‐Machine Interfaces
Authors: Sun Yue , Tian Guo , Yang Tao , Wang Shenglong , Lan Boling , Li Xuelan , Xu Tianpei , Jin Long , Deng Weili , Yang Weiqing
Published: December 2024

Ionic hydrogels are uniquely suited as force‐sensing layers because of their good biocompatibility and controlled electromechanical properties. The emerging piezoionic effect allows them to sense the position of pressure, but the low response rate limits their applications. Herein, this work focuses on modulating the response time of piezoionic outputs through crosslinking. The underlying mechanism is investigated through the perspective of deformation recovery rate and ion migration behavior in the ionic hydrogels. As a result, the developed piezoionic sensors are capable of distinguishing static forces in the range of 0.1–5 s while monitoring dynamic force, breaking the limitations of conventional self‐powered pressure sensors that have trouble tracking static forces. Furthermore, by utilizing the piezoionic effect to convert the touch indentation into transverse gradient ionic potential, the constructed piezoionic sensors achieve accurate monitoring of finger pressing position and sliding trajectory. As a proof‐of‐concept, pattern unlocking in security authentication is successfully validated based on the developed piezoionic sensors. This design strategy of modulating ionic tactile sensor by crosslinking is expected to provide a fresh path for the large‐scale flexible human‐machine interfaces.
Heterostructure Design of Amorphous Vanadium Oxides@Carbon/Graphene Nanoplates Boosts Improved Capacity, Cycling Stability and High Rate Performance for Zn2+ Storage
Authors: Wang Rui , Dai Henghan , Zhang Tian , Zhou Jingbo , Yin Leang , Zhou Jinyuan , Sun Gengzhi
Published: December 2024

As a promising power supplier, flexible aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have drawn great attention and been demonstrated potential applications in portable electronic devices, yet their capacity, stability, and rate performance are severely limited by cathode materials. Herein, a spontaneous encapsulation and in situ phase transformation strategy is proposed for the construction of heterostructured amorphous vanadium oxide@carbon/graphene (A‐VOx@C/G) nanoplates as highly stable and efficient cathode materials for Zn2+ storage. In this design, A‐VOx provides abundant active sites with rapid ion diffusion channels and robust tolerance against ion insertion/extraction, while N‐doped carbon encapsulation and interlaced graphene network ensure efficient electron transfer. The mechanisms respectively for phase transformation during electrochemical amorphization and charge storage during cycling are investigated in detail. The as‐prepared A‐VOx@C/G achieves an outstanding electrochemical performance with 429 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, 73% retained at 20 A g−1 (315 mAh g−1), and excellent stability over 2000 cycles at 20 A g−1 (91% retention). Moreover, quasi‐solid‐state AZIBs assembled from A‐VOx@C/G cathode exhibit high flexibility and can sustain large mechanical deformation without performance degradation. It is believed that this study provides a guideline toward designing high‐performance cathode materials for AZIBs through structure optimization.
Low Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity at High Temperatures Using Stable High‐Entropy Spinel Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Chung Ka Man , Adapa Sarath R. , Pei Yu , Yeerella Ram Hemanth , Chen Li , Shivakumar Sashank , Huang Wei , Liu Zhaowei , Cai Shengqiang , Luo Jian , Chen Renkun
Published: December 2024

The realization of low thermal conductivity at high temperatures (0.11 W m−1 K−1 800 °C) in ambient air in a porous solid thermal insulation material, using stable packed nanoparticles of high‐entropy spinel oxide with 8 cations (HESO‐8 NPs) with a relatively high packing density of ≈50%, is reported. The high‐density HESO‐8 NP pellets possess around 1000‐fold lower thermal diffusivity than that of air, resulting in much slower heat propagation when subjected to a transient heat flux. The low thermal conductivity and diffusivity are realized by suppressing all three modes of heat transfer, namely solid conduction, gas conduction, and thermal radiation, via stable nanoconstriction and infrared‐absorbing nature of the HESO‐8 NPs, which are enabled by remarkable microstructural stability against coarsening at high temperatures due to the high entropy. This work can elucidate the design of the next‐generation high‐temperature thermal insulation materials using high‐entropy ceramic nanostructures.
Personalized Vascularized Tumor Organoid‐on‐a‐Chip for Tumor Metastasis and Therapeutic Targeting Assessment
Authors: Du Yang , Wang Yi‐Ran , Bao Qi‐Yuan , Xu Xin‐Xin , Xu Congling , Wang Shaoxuan , Liu Qi , Liu Fan , Zeng Yu‐Lian , Wang Ya‐Jun , Liu Wei , Liu Yixin , Yu Sai‐Xi , Chen Yu‐Chen , Wang Chen , Zhang Weibin , Gao Hai , Luo Hao , Liu Baohong , Jing Guangyin , Guo Ming , Chen Fei Xavier , Liu Yan‐Jun
Published: December 2024

While tumor organoids have revolutionized cancer research by recapitulating the cellular architecture and behaviors of real tumors in vitro, their lack of functional vasculature hinders their attainment of full physiological capabilities. Current efforts to vascularize organoids are struggling to achieve well‐defined vascular networks, mimicking the intricate hierarchy observed in vivo, which restricts the physiological relevance particularly for studying tumor progression and response to therapies targeting the tumor vasculature. An innovative vascularized patient‐derived tumor organoids (PDTOs)‐on‐a‐chip with hierarchical, tumor‐specific microvasculature is presented, providing a versatile platform to explore tumor‐vascular dynamics and antivascular drug efficacy. It is found that highly metastatic tumor cells induced vessel angiogenesis and simultaneously migrated toward blood vessels via the Notch pathway. The evident association between the angiogenic and migratory capacities of PDTOs and their clinical metastatic outcomes underscores the potential of the innovative platform for evaluating tumor metastasis, thus offering valuable insights for clinical decision‐making. Ultimately, the system represents a promising avenue for advancing the understanding of tumor metastasis and developing personalized treatment strategies based on patient‐specific tumor characteristics.
Challenges and Strategies of Low‐Pressure All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jiaxu , Fu Jiamin , Lu Pushun , Hu Guantai , Xia Shengjie , Zhang Shutao , Wang Ziqing , Zhou Zhimin , Yan Wenlin , Xia Wei , Wang Changhong , Sun Xueliang
Published: December 2024

All‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) are regarded as promising next‐generation energy storage technology owing to their inherent safety and high theoretical energy density. However, achieving and maintaining solid–solid electronic and ionic contact in ASSBs generally requires high‐pressure fabrication and high‐pressure operation, posing substantial challenges for large‐scale production and application. In recent years, significant efforts are made to address these pressure‐related challenges. In this review, the impact of pressure on ASSBs is explored. First, the categories, origins, and challenges associated with pressure in ASSBs are outlined. Second, an overview of recent advancements in addressing pressure‐related issues in ASSBs is provided, focusing on electrode materials and their interfaces with various solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs). Third, advanced characterizations and simulations employed to unravel the intricate electrochemical–mechanical interactions in ASSBs are examined. Finally, existing strategies and the insights on achieving low‐stack‐pressure ASSBs are presented.