bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic resilience to climatic extremes in a freshwater fishery
Authors: Cline Timothy J. , Muhlfeld Clint C. , Kovach Ryan , Al-Chokhachy Robert , Schmetterling David , Whited Diane , Lynch Abigail J.
Published: September 2022

Heterogeneity is a central feature of ecosystem resilience, but how this translates to socioeconomic resilience depends on people’s ability to track shifting resources in space and time. Here, we quantify how climatic extremes have influenced how people (fishers) track economically valuable ecosystem services (fishing opportunities) across a range of spatial scales in rivers of the northern Rocky Mountains, USA, over the past three decades. Fishers opportunistically shifted from drought-sensitive to drought-resistant rivers during periods of low streamflows and warm temperatures. This adaptive behavior stabilized fishing pressure and expenditures by a factor of 2.6 at the scale of the regional fishery (i.e., portfolio effect). However, future warming is predicted to homogenize habitat options that enable adaptive behavior by fishers, putting ~30% of current spending at risk across the region. Maintaining a diverse portfolio of fishing opportunities that enable people to exploit shifting resources provides an important resilience mechanism for mitigating the socioeconomic impacts of climate change on fisheries.
A two-step mechanism governing PARP1-DNA retention by PARP inhibitors
Authors: Xue Huijun , Bhardwaj Amit , Yin Yandong , Fijen Carel , Ephstein Anastasiya , Zhang Lianglin , Ding Xia , Pascal John M. , VanArsdale Todd L. , Rothenberg Eli
Published: September 2022

PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as promising cancer therapeutics capable of targeting specific DNA repair pathways, but their mechanism of action with respect to PARP1-DNA retention remains unclear. Here, we developed single-molecule assays to directly monitor the retention of PARP1 on DNA lesions in real time. Our study reveals a two-step mechanism by which PARPi modulate the retention of PARP1 on DNA lesions, consisting of a primary step of catalytic inhibition via binding competition with NAD
+
followed by an allosteric modulation of bound PARPi. While clinically relevant PARPi exhibit distinct allosteric modulation activities that can either increase retention of PARP1 on DNA or induce its release, their retention potencies are predominantly determined by their ability to outcompete NAD
+
binding. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for improved PARPi selection according to their characteristic activities and enable further development of more potent inhibitors.
Unlocking the thermoelectric potential of the Ca
14
AlSb
11
structure type
Authors: Justl Andrew P. , Ricci Francesco , Pike Andrew , Cerretti Giacomo , Bux Sabah K. , Hautier Geoffroy , Kauzlarich Susan M.
Published: September 2022

Yb
14
MnSb
11
and Yb
14
MgSb
11
are among the best p-type high-temperature (>1200 K) thermoelectric materials, yet other compounds of this Ca
14
AlSb
11
structure type have not matched their stability and efficiency. First-principles computations show that the features in the electronic structures that have been identified to lead to high thermoelectric performances are present in Yb
14
ZnSb
11
, which has been presumed to be a poor thermoelectric material. We show that the previously reported low power factor of Yb
14
ZnSb
11
is not intrinsic and is due to the presence of a Yb
9
Zn

4+
x

Sb
9
impurity uniquely present in the Zn system. Phase-pure Yb
14
ZnSb
11
synthesized through a route avoiding the impurity formation reveals its exceptional high-temperature thermoelectric properties, reaching a peak
zT
of 1.2 at 1175 K. Beyond Yb
14
ZnSb
11
, the favorable band structure features for thermoelectric performance are universal among the Ca
14
AlSb
11
structure type, opening the possibility for high-performance thermoelectric materials.
Generation of stable microtubule superstructures by binding of peptide-fused tetrameric proteins to inside and outside
Authors: Inaba Hiroshi , Sueki Yurina , Ichikawa Muneyoshi , Kabir Arif Md. Rashedul , Iwasaki Takashi , Shigematsu Hideki , Kakugo Akira , Sada Kazuki , Tsukazaki Tomoya , Matsuura Kazunori
Published: September 2022

Microtubules play important roles in biological functions by forming superstructures, such as doublets and branched structures, in vivo. Despite the importance, it is challenging to construct these superstructures in vitro. Here, we designed a tetrameric fluorescent protein Azami-Green (AG) fused with His-tag and Tau-derived peptide (TP), TP-AG, to generate the superstructures. Main binding sites of TP-AG can be controlled to the inside and outside of microtubules by changing the polymerization conditions. The binding of TP-AG to the inside promoted microtubule formation and generated rigid and stable microtubules. The binding of TP-AG to the outside induced various microtubule superstructures, including doublets, multiplets, branched structures, and extremely long microtubules by recruiting tubulins to microtubules. Motile microtubule aster structures were also constructed by TP-AG. The generation of various microtubule superstructures by a single type of exogenous protein is a new concept for understanding the functions of microtubules and constructing microtubule-based nanomaterials.
Demonstration of electric micropropulsion multimodality
Authors: Zolotukhin Denis B. , Bandaru Siva Ram Prasad , Daniels Keir P. , Beilis Isak I. , Keidar Michael
Published: September 2022

Electric propulsion has become popular nowadays owing to the trend of miniaturizing the size and mass of satellites. However, the main drawback of the most popular approach—Hall thrusters—is that their efficiency and thrust-to-power ratio (TPR) markedly deteriorate when its size and power level are reduced. Here, we demonstrate an alternative approach—a minute low-power (<50 W), lightweight (~100 g), two-stage propulsion system. The system is based on a micro-cathode vacuum arc thruster with magnetoplasmadynamic second stage (μCAT-MPD), which achieves the following parameters: a thrust of up to 1.7 mN at a TPR of 37 μN/W and an efficiency of ~50%. A μCAT-MPD system, in addition to “traditional” inverse, displays the anomalous direct (growing) “TPR versus specific impulse
I
sp
” trend at high
I
sp
values and allows multimodality at high efficiency.
Cooperative chemoenzymatic synthesis of N-heterocycles via synergizing bio- with organocatalysis
Authors: Tan Zhuotao , Zhang Xiaowang , Xu Mengjiao , Fu Yaping , Zhuang Wei , Li Ming , Wu Xiaojin , Ying Hanjie , Ouyang Pingkai , Zhu Chenjie
Published: September 2022

Inspired by Nature’s ingenuity, considerable progress has been made in recent years to develop chemoenzymatic processes by the integration of environmentally friendly feature of biocatalysis with versatile reactivity of chemocatalysis. However, the current types of chemoenzymatic processes are relatively few and mostly rely on metal catalysts. Here, we report a previously unexplored cooperative chemoenzymatic system for the synthesis of N-heterocycles. Starting from alcohols and amines, benzimidazole, pyrazine, quinazoline, indole, and quinoline can be obtained in excellent yields in water with O
2
as the terminal oxidant. Synthetic bridged flavin analog is served as a bifunctional organocatalyst for the regeneration of cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in the bioprocess and oxidative cyclodehydrogenation in the chemoprocess. Compared to the classical acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling strategy, being metal and base free, requiring only water as solvent, and not needing atmosphere protection were observed for the present method, exhibiting a favorable green and sustainable alternative.
Effects of Enzyme Induction and Polymorphism on the Pharmacokinetics of Isoniazid and Rifampin in Tuberculosis/HIV Patients
Authors: Sundell Jesper , Bienvenu Emile , Birgersson Sofia , Äbelö Angela , Ashton Michael
Published: September 2022

Tuberculosis is the most common cause of death in HIV-infected individuals. Rifampin and isoniazid are the backbones of the current first-line antitubercular therapy.
The Amino Acid at Position 95 in the Matrix Protein of Rabies Virus Is Involved in Antiviral Stress Granule Formation in Infected Cells
Authors: Kojima Isshu , Onomoto Koji , Zuo Wenjie , Ozawa Makoto , Okuya Kosuke , Naitou Kiyotada , Izumi Fumiki , Okajima Misuzu , Fujiwara Takuro , Ito Naoto , Yoneyama Mitsutoshi , Yamada Kentaro , Nishizono Akira , Sugiyama Makoto , Fujita Takashi , Masatani Tatsunori
Published: September 2022

Rabies virus (RABV) is a neglected zoonotic pathogen that causes lethal infections in almost all mammalian hosts, including humans. Recently, RABV has been reported to induce intracellular formation of stress granules (SGs), also known as platforms that activate innate immune responses.
Fatty Acid Synthesis Knockdown Promotes Biofilm Wrinkling and Inhibits Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Arjes Heidi A. , Gui Haiwen , Porter Rachel , Atolia Esha , Peters Jason M. , Gross Carol , Kearns Daniel B. , Huang Kerwyn Casey
Published: September 2022

For many bacteria, life typically involves growth in dense, three-dimensional communities called biofilms that contain cells with differentiated roles held together by extracellular matrix. To examine how essential gene function varies between vegetative growth and the developmental states of biofilm formation and sporulation, we created and screened a comprehensive library of strains using CRISPRi to knockdown expression of each essential gene in the biofilm-capable
Bacillus subtilis
strain 3610.
The Molecular Epidemiology of Prevalent Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains and Humoral Antibody Responses against Carbapenem-Resistant K. pneumoniae Infections among Pediatric Patients in Shanghai
Authors: Wang Jie , Ma Ruijing , Pan Fen , Wu Yongqin , Pan Yuqing , Liu Yanan , Yu Fangyuan , Yu Jingran , Lun Heyuan , Shi Yingying , Zhang Hong , He Ping
Published: September 2022

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
(CRKP) strains resistant to numerous antibiotics and the limited therapeutic options available have become an urgent health threat to the immunocompromised pediatric population. Vaccines and antibodies, especially those targeting capsular polysaccharides, may be novel and effective prevention and treatment options.
Broad-Spectrum Inhibitors against Class A, B, and C Type β-Lactamases to Block the Hydrolysis against Antibiotics: Kinetics and Structural Characterization
Authors: Farhat Nabeela , Gupta Divya , Ali Abid , Kumar Yogesh , Akhtar Farheen , Kulanthaivel Senthilguru , Mishra Prashant , Khan Feroz , Khan Asad U.
Published: September 2022

Several inhibitors for usage in conjunction with antibiotics have been developed. However, to date, there is no commercially available broad-spectrum β-lactamase inhibitor that targets both MBLs and SBLs.
BD MAX Enteric Bacterial, Bacterial Plus, and Virus Panels for Diagnosis of Acute Infectious Gastroenteritis: a Cost-Benefit Analysis
Authors: Ferrer Josep , Giménez Estela , Carretero Diego , Buesa Javier , Morillas Francisco , Granell Rafael , Fuenmayor Amadeo , Navarro David , Albert Eliseo
Published: September 2022

The implementation of multiplex molecular panels allows microbiological laboratories to quickly, sensitively, and accurately diagnose acute infectious gastroenteritis. This methodology therefore allows faster decisions regarding treatment and infection control measures.
A Closer Look at the Laboratory Impact of Utilizing ePlex Blood Culture Identification Panels: a Workflow Analysis Using Rapid Molecular Detection for Positive Blood Cultures
Authors: Tansarli Giannoula S. , Chapin Kimberle C.
Published: September 2022

Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Rapid identification of the causative agent is of critical importance for the prompt initiation of the appropriate antibiotic treatment.
Supplemental Material: Forced Cenozoic continental subduction of Tarim craton-like lithosphere below the Tianshan revealed by ambient noise tomography
Authors: Sun Weijia , al. et
Published: September 2022

Details on tomographic techniques and assessments of the robustness of tomographic maps. 
Supplemental Material: Oceanographic consequences of the Bransfield Strait (Antarctica) opening
Authors: Liu Shan , Su Ming , al. et
Published: September 2022

Supporting seismic lines and morphological parameters of sedimentary features. 
Supplemental Material: Linking the Pinware, Baraboo, and Picuris orogens: Recognition of a trans-Laurentian ca. 1520–1340 Ma orogenic belt
Authors: Daniel Christopher , al. et
Published: September 2022

Table S1: Compilation of selected geochronological data and PDF listing references used to construct Figure 5. 
Rare case of pancreatitis treated by minimally invasive parathyroidectomy
Authors: Qasimy Jalda , Marres Geertruid , Massolt Elkse , Ho - Han Shiuw
Published: September 2022

Hypercalcaemia-induced pancreatitis is a rare and often overlooked phenomena. Despite hyperparathyroidism being a common cause of hypercalcaemia, the association between pancreatitis and hyperparathyroidism remains controversial and is often overlooked. Patients may however suffer serious complications when diagnosis and treatment of hyperparathyroidism are delayed due to insufficient awareness. We present a man in his 40s who was admitted with progressive epigastric pain due to pancreatitis. Blood tests showed elevated serum calcium levels, which led to extensive investigation. Further workups led to the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism due to three parathyroid adenomas. The patient underwent minimally invasive parathyroidectomy, which was followed by an uncomplicated recovery and normal serum calcium levels.
Acute diverticulitis complicated by massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding: a rare diagnostic challenge
Authors: Hutchison Ann , Lee Yongjin F , Eggenberger John , Cleary Robert
Published: September 2022

A man in his 70s presented with acute sigmoid diverticulitis complicated by a large pericolonic abscess abutting the left rectus abdominis muscle. He was admitted for non-operative management. On hospital day 2, he developed haemorrhagic shock from profuse haematochezia. Colonoscopy was not advisable in the setting of acute complicated diverticulitis. Placement of a percutaneous drain into the abscess cavity returned bright red blood, which was concerning for erosion of the diverticular abscess into the left inferior epigastric artery. An urgent diagnostic angiogram showed hyperaemia enveloping the abscess cavity. Haemostasis was achieved by angioembolisation of the left inferior epigastric artery. The patient did well and was discharged with a course of antibiotics in anticipation of an elective sigmoidectomy.
Mixed cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis with pulmonary infiltrates and cavitation
Authors: Masnammany Adrian Mark , Wong Peter Kee Kee , Ng Beverly Cheok Kuan , Manolios Nicholas
Published: September 2022

Cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis is an immune complex-mediated vasculitis with a myriad of clinical manifestations. We report a rare case of a patient in her 60s with rheumatoid arthritis who presented with fever of unknown origin, cutaneous leucocytoclastic vasculitis and progressive pulmonary infiltrates with cavitation. Extensive investigation for an infectious aetiology was unrevealing. Blood investigations revealed high-titre rheumatoid factor, hypocomplementaemia, raised inflammatory markers and the presence of type 2 cryoglobulins. A diagnosis of cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis with pulmonary involvement was made, and the patient was treated with high-dose prednisolone and rituximab, which resulted in complete resolution of lung changes and marked clinical improvement. This case highlights the rarity of lung involvement, including cavitation in cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis.
Do physical activity interventions combining self-monitoring with other components provide an additional benefit compared with self-monitoring alone? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vetrovsky Tomas , Borowiec Agnieszka , Juřík Roman , Wahlich Charlotte , Śmigielski Witold , Steffl Michal , Tufano James J , Drygas Wojciech , Stastny Petr , Harris Tess , Małek Łukasz
Published: September 2022

Objective

To determine the net effect of different physical activity intervention components on step counts in addition to self-monitoring.

Design

A systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Data sources

Five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest and Discus) were searched from inception to May 2022. The database search was complemented with backward and forward citation searches and search of the references from relevant systematic reviews.

Eligibility criteria

Randomised controlled trials comparing an intervention using self-monitoring (active control arm) with an intervention comprising the same treatment PLUS any additional component (intervention arm).

Data extraction and synthesis

The effect measures were mean differences in daily step count. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models, and effect moderators were explored using univariate and multivariate meta-regression models.

Results

Eighty-five studies with 12 057 participants were identified, with 75 studies included in the meta-analysis at postintervention and 24 at follow-up. At postintervention, the mean difference between the intervention and active control arms was 926 steps/day (95% CI 651 to 1201). At a follow-up, the mean difference was 413 steps/day (95% CI 210 to 615). Interventions with a prescribed goal and involving human counselling, particularly via phone/video calls, were associated with a greater mean difference in the daily step count than interventions with added print materials, websites, smartphone apps or incentives.

Conclusion

Physical activity interventions that combine self-monitoring with other components provide an additional modest yet sustained increase in step count compared with self-monitoring alone. Some forms of counselling, particularly remote phone/video counselling, outperformed other intervention components, such as websites and smartphone apps.

PROSPERO registered number

CRD42020199482.
End-of-Life Essentials education modules: a quality and safety initiative to improve health professionals end-of-life care knowledge, skills, attitude and confidence
Authors: Devery Kim , Yin Huahua , Rawlings Deb
Published: September 2022

Background

There is a need for expanded end-of-life (EOL) care education and resources for health professionals in acute hospitals to help them increase EOL care skills and knowledge, and build capacity and confidence to provide high-quality EOL care. End-of-Life Essentials (EOLE) is an Australian government-funded project, which offers free peer-reviewed online education modules and implementation resources on EOL care to health professionals in acute hospitals, aiming to help support the provision of high-quality EOL care.

Methods

The development of EOLE education modules included seven major steps and two peer-review processes. In total, ten EOLE education modules and associated toolkits had been developed by the end of 2018. To evaluate the effectiveness of EOLE education modules, premodule and postmodule survey data from all ten modules and registration data were extracted from the EOLE learning management system for a 4-month period. The significance of difference in learners’ self-perceived EOL care knowledge, skills, attitude and confidence before and after module learning were tested by Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Tests.

Results

Results from Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Tests revealed statistically significant improvement in learners’ self-perceived EOL care knowledge, skill, attitude and confidence after completion of EOLE modules regardless of their discipline (p<0.001). The learners from different disciplines also reported a high level of intention (median=4, IQR=1) to change their practice after completion of EOLE module learning.

Conclusion

The evaluation results show a positive impact of EOLE module learning on allied health professionals, doctors and nurses, suggesting that EOLE could be a reliable and accessible online EOL care education resources for health professionals of all disciplines to improve their EOL care knowledge, skills and confidence, build up their capacities in providing quality EOL care to patients and their families, in turn, improve the quality and safety of EOL care in health settings.
Improving equity in inpatient paediatric services: a single-centre quality improvement project providing care in patients’ preferred language
Authors: Bharmal Aamena , Earl Nicola , Klaber Bob
Published: September 2022

Language barriers, if not adequately addressed, can prevent effective communication, impact patient safety and experience. Our research on language preference within the paediatric inpatient and outpatient services in west London revealed that 20% and 56%, respectively, would prefer to communicate in an alternative language than English. When we conducted emotional mapping analysis patients reported feeling ‘invisible’ and ‘not involved’ due to the lack of communication in their preferred language. Here, we describe our analysis and pilot intervention of using translated asthma care plans that aims to improve patient care, experience and outcomes by minimising the impact of language barriers.
Single-centre case–control study investigating the association between acanthosis nigricans, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in a young, overweight, UK population
Authors: Callanan Niamh , Wright Neil
Published: September 2022

Objective

To determine the extent to which the presence of acanthosis nigricans confers additional risk for insulin resistance, in addition to obesity alone (body mass index, BMI) within a young, overweight, UK population.

Research design and methods

Retrospective data were collected to compare the degree of insulin resistance within a sample of 94 young people with acanthosis nigricans, and a matched cohort of 94 participants with obesity alone. Insulin resistance was assessed by fasting glucose, fasting insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (a mathematical model derived to measure insulin resistance).

Results

The acanthotic and control group were well matched for age, BMI, BMI SDS and sex, although the groups were not matched for ethnicity. The acanthotic group showed a significantly greater median fasting insulin (215 pmol/L), mean fasting glucose (4.7 mmol/L) and median HOMA-IR score (6.4), compared with the control group (126 pmol/L, 4.5 mmol/L and 3.7, respectively). The presence of acanthosis nigricans as an indicator of insulin resistance was found to have a positive predictive value of 81% (within this study population).

Conclusion

Individuals with both acanthosis nigricans and obesity had significantly greater degrees of insulin resistance than individuals with obesity alone. The findings support the potential for acanthosis nigricans as a visible marker of type 2 diabetes in young people.
Production and characterization of virus-free, CRISPR-CAR T cells capable of inducing solid tumor regression
Authors: Mueller Katherine P , Piscopo Nicole J , Forsberg Matthew H , Saraspe Louise A , Das Amritava , Russell Brittany , Smerchansky Madeline , Cappabianca Dan , Shi Lei , Shankar Keerthana , Sarko Lauren , Khajanchi Namita , La Vonne Denne Nina , Ramamurthy Apoorva , Ali Adeela , Lazzarotto Cicera R , Tsai Shengdar Q , Capitini Christian M , Saha Krishanu
Published: September 2022

Background

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have demonstrated high clinical response rates against hematological malignancies (e.g., CD19+ cancers) but have shown limited activity in patients with solid tumors. Recent work showed that precise insertion of a CAR at a defined locus improves treatment outcomes in the context of a CD19 CAR; however, it is unclear if such a strategy could also affect outcomes in solid tumors. Furthermore, CAR manufacturing generally relies on viral vectors for gene delivery, which comprise a complex and resource-intensive part of the manufacturing supply chain.

Methods

Anti-GD2 CAR T cells were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 within 9 days using recombinant Cas9 protein and nucleic acids, without any viral vectors. The CAR was specifically targeted to the T cell receptor alpha constant gene (TRAC). T cell products were characterized at the level of the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and secretome using CHANGE-seq, targeted next-generation sequencing, scRNA-seq, spectral cytometry, and ELISA assays, respectively. Functionality was evaluatedin vivoin an NSG™ xenograft neuroblastoma model.

Results

In comparison to retroviral CAR T cells, virus-free CRISPR CAR (VFC-CAR) T cells exhibitTRAC-targeted genomic integration of the CAR transgene, elevation of transcriptional and protein characteristics associated with a memory-like phenotype, and low tonic signaling prior to infusion arising in part from the knockout of the T cell receptor. On exposure to the GD2 target antigen, anti-GD2 VFC-CAR T cells exhibit specific cytotoxicity against GD2+ cells in vitroand induce solid tumor regressionin vivo. VFC-CAR T cells demonstrate robust homing and persistence and decreased exhaustion relative to retroviral CAR T cells against a human neuroblastoma xenograft model.

Conclusions

This study leverages virus-free genome editing technology to generate CAR T cells featuring aTRAC-targeted CAR, which could inform manufacturing of CAR T cells to treat cancers, including solid tumors.
Advancing in Schaaf-Yang syndrome pathophysiology: from bedside to subcellular analyses of truncated MAGEL2
Authors: Castilla-Vallmanya Laura , Centeno-Pla Mónica , Serrano Mercedes , Franco-Valls Héctor , Martínez-Cabrera Raúl , Prat-Planas Aina , Rojano Elena , Ranea Juan A G , Seoane Pedro , Oliva Clara , Paredes-Fuentes Abraham J , Marfany Gemma , Artuch Rafael , Grinberg Daniel , Rabionet Raquel , Balcells Susanna , Urreizti Roser
Published: September 2022

Background

Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) is caused by truncating mutations inMAGEL2, mapping to the Prader-Willi region (15q11-q13), with an observed phenotype partially overlapping that of Prader-Willi syndrome. MAGEL2 plays a role in retrograde transport and protein recycling regulation. Our aim is to contribute to the characterisation of SYS pathophysiology at clinical, genetic and molecular levels.

Methods

We performed an extensive phenotypic and mutational revision of previously reported patients with SYS. We analysed the secretion levels of amyloid-β 1–40 peptide (Aβ1-40) and performed targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic profiles in fibroblasts of patients with SYS (n=7) compared with controls (n=11). We also transfected cell lines with vectors encoding wild-type (WT) or mutated MAGEL2 to assess stability and subcellular localisation of the truncated protein.

Results

Functional studies show significantly decreased levels of secreted Aβ1-40and intracellular glutamine in SYS fibroblasts compared with WT. We also identified 132 differentially expressed genes, including non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such asHOTAIR, and many of them related to developmental processes and mitotic mechanisms. The truncated form of MAGEL2 displayed a stability similar to the WT but it was significantly switched to the nucleus, compared with a mainly cytoplasmic distribution of the WT MAGEL2. Based on the updated knowledge, we offer guidelines for the clinical management of patients with SYS.

Conclusion

A truncated MAGEL2 protein is stable and localises mainly in the nucleus, where it might exert a pathogenic neomorphic effect. Aβ1-40secretion levels andHOTAIRmRNA levels might be promising biomarkers for SYS. Our findings may improve SYS understanding and clinical management.
Leadership, teamwork and technology enabling the largest free and accessible event worldwide on COVID-19 management
Authors: Pereira Daniella Nunes , Marcolino Milena Soriano
Published: September 2022

Objective

To report the experience of technology-enabling organisation and deployment of a large-scale free online scientific event about COVID-19, and to share leadership lessons learnt.

Methods

The ‘First Brazilian Congress of Clinical Evidence on COVID-19’ took place between 3 May and 7 May 2021 and was hosted by theUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, one of Brazil’s top federal universities. Online platforms and a website were used for registration, as well as live transmission of the event, such as Zoom, YouTube and Even. A Situational Leadership framework was used to lead the team. Participants’ satisfaction was evaluated through an online questionnaire.

Results

There were overall 27 000 registrations. The transmission reached over 97 100 views, from Brazil, Cuba, Mexico and the UK. Conference’s topics included the whole COVID-19 ‘system of care’. Speakers and moderators from all over Brazil and abroad were chosen according to their expertise on COVID-19 and on evidence-based medicine. Video testimonies were presented between sessions from people who could not work from home about what touched their heart during the pandemic. Accessibility was ensured through simultaneous translation to Brazilian sign language. From 2228 respondents of the satisfaction assessment questionnaire, 97.4% reported their expectations to be exceeded and 86.8% reported acquiring new knowledge about COVID-19.

Conclusion

This experience showed that leadership, teamwork, motivation and technology enabled the dissemination of accessible scientific evidence on COVID-19 to a large audience through a free online event. Lessons learnt may be useful for the post-pandemic, for new-waves, as well as recovery.
TheMystery Arts BoxProject: a qualitative exploration of the experiences, benefits, and challenges of participating in a remotely delivered art and craft project for British veterans with visual impairment
Authors: Castle Claire , Engward H , Kersey T , Kirk-Partridge L
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The clinical application of the arts among military personnel and veterans has been well documented, particularly in relation to service-related mental health difficulties. However, the impacts of engaging recreationally with art activities on general well-being remain underexplored and even more so among those living with visual impairment (VI). This pilot explored the artistic experiences of veterans with VI participating in a remotely delivered art and craft project during continued COVID-19 restrictions in Spring/Summer 2021.

Methods

Six participants received amystery arts box(MAB) containing a selection of materials, collated to encourage experimentation with unfamiliar techniques. Participants were asked to journal their process as they developed a final piece/pieces. They were invited to join group video calls to share work and ideas and seek guidance. Semistructured interviews were run with participants at the end of the project. Journal and interview data were thematically analysed.

Results

Analysis identified 11 themes relating to initial and ongoing responses to theMABand creative and journalling process. Several benefits were identified, including artistic learning, trying something new, and social, cognitive and emotional experiences. The value of the activity to participants’ lives within the context of the ongoing pandemic was also considered. Challenges were associated with the use of unfamiliar materials, impacts of sight loss and the limitations of remote delivery.

Conclusion

This pilot brings to the fore the everyday artistic experience of veterans living with VI and considers the benefits, challenges and well-being implications of a remotely delivered arts activity. Findings illustrate the importance of ensuring accessibility of artistic activities to those for whom disability might limit participation and highlight the ongoing role that remotely delivered arts activities might play in meeting the social and recreational needs of individuals beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
Color flow Doppler in spinal ultrasound: a novel technique for assessment of catheter position in labor epidurals
Authors: van den Bosch Oscar F C , Gleicher Yehoshua , Arzola Cristian , Siddiqui Naveed , Downey Kristi , Carvalho Jose C A
Published: September 2022

Background

Ultrasound is commonly used to facilitate epidural catheter placement. However, data are lacking regarding its potential to confirm its position in the epidural space. Our aim was to visualize flow in the epidural space of patients receiving epidural analgesia for labor using color flow Doppler ultrasound.

Methods

We conducted a prospective observational cohort study that included patients who had delivered vaginally under epidural analgesia. We used a 5–2 mHz curvilinear probe in a left and right paramedian longitudinal oblique view to visualize the anterior and posterior complex at the interspace of epidural catheter insertion, one and two interspaces above and below. At each window, the color flow Doppler function was used to visualize flow within the epidural space on injection of normal saline (1 mL). If no flow was visualized at any interspace, one assessment at the level of insertion was repeated with a 1 mL air/saline mixture. We studied a convenience sample size of 40 patients.

Results

We visualized flow in the epidural space in all 40 patients. Flow was visualized on injection of 1 mL of saline in 37/40 patients (93%). In the remaining 3/40 patients (7%), flow was visualized with an air/saline mixture. Flow on injection of saline was visualized only at the interspace of insertion in 26/37 patients (70%), at the interspace of insertion and one interspace above in 10/37 (27%), or only at one interspace above in 1/37 (3%). Flow was visualized only on the left or on the right paramedian view in 19/37 patients (51%), despite a symmetrical sensory block in all patients.

Conclusion

Color flow Doppler ultrasound is a feasible and fast way to determine flow in the epidural space in the obstetric population. Its potential clinical uses are confirmation of the epidural catheter position after placement, as well as troubleshooting of unsatisfactory epidural analgesia. Interestingly, our results suggest that epidural catheters predominantly remain at the interspace of insertion.

Trial registration number

NCT05126745.
The effect of tofacitinib on residual pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Dougados Maxime , Taylor Peter C , Bingham Clifton O , Fallon Lara , Brault Yves , Roychoudhury Satrajit , Wang Lisy , Kessouri Meriem
Published: September 2022

Objective

Post hoc analysis of pooled data from nine randomised controlled trials to assess the effect of tofacitinib (oral Janus kinase inhibitor for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA)) on residual pain in patients with RA or PsA with abrogated inflammation.

Methods

Patients who received ≥1 dose of tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily, adalimumab or placebo with/without background conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and had abrogated inflammation (swollen joint count (SJC)=0 and C reactive protein (CRP)<6 mg/L) after 3 months’ therapy were included. Assessments included Patient’s Assessment of Arthritis Pain at month 3 (Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] 0–100 mm). Scores were summarised descriptively; treatment comparisons assessed by Bayesian network meta-analyses (BNMA).

Results

From the total population with RA/PsA, 14.9% (382 of 2568), 17.1% (118 of 691) and 5.5% (50 of 909) of patients receiving tofacitinib, adalimumab and placebo, respectively, had abrogated inflammation after 3 months’ therapy. Patients with RA/PsA with abrogated inflammation receiving tofacitinib/adalimumab had higher baseline CRP versus placebo; patients with RA receiving tofacitinib/adalimumab had lower SJC and longer disease duration versus placebo. Median residual pain (VAS) at month 3 was 17.0, 19.0 and 33.5 in patients with RA treated with tofacitinib, adalimumab or placebo, and 24.0, 21.0 and 27.0 in patients with PsA, respectively. Residual pain reductions with tofacitinib/adalimumab versus placebo were less prominent in patients with PsA versus patients with RA, with no significant differences between tofacitinib/adalimumab, per BNMA.

Conclusion

Patients with RA/PsA with abrogated inflammation receiving tofacitinib/adalimumab had greater residual pain reduction versus placebo at month 3. Results were similar between tofacitinib and adalimumab.

Trial registration number

ClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT00960440;NCT00847613;NCT00814307;NCT00856544;NCT00853385;NCT01039688;NCT02187055;NCT01877668;NCT01882439).
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) Cell Atlas
Authors: Du Yina , Guo Minzhe , Wu Yixin , Wagner Andrew , Perl Anne Karina , Wikenheiser-Brokamp Kathryn , Yu Jane , Gupta Nishant , Kopras Elizabeth , Krymskaya Vera , Obraztsova Kseniya , Tang Yan , Kwiatkowski David , Henske Elizabeth P , McCormack Francis , Xu Yan
Published: September 2022

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease of women, causing cystic remodelling of the lung and progressive respiratory failure. The cellular composition, microenvironment and cellular interactions within the LAM lesion remain unclear. To facilitate data sharing and collaborative LAM research, we performed an integrative analysis of single-cell data compiled from lung, uterus and kidney of patients with LAM from three research centres and developed an LAM Cell Atlas (LCA) Web-Portal. The LCA offers a variety of interactive options for investigators to search, visualise and reanalyse comprehensive single-cell multiomics data sets to reveal dysregulated genetic programmes at transcriptomic, epigenomic and cell–cell connectome levels.
The generalized fractional NU method for the diatomic molecules in the Deng–Fan model
Authors: Abu-Shady M. , Khokha E. M. , Abdel-Karim T. A.
Published: September 2022

A solution of the fractionalN-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation (SE) with the Deng–Fan potential (DFP) is investigated by the generalized fractional Nikiforov–Uvarov (NU) method. The analytical formulas of energy eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions for the DFP are generated. Furthermore, the current results are applied to several diatomic molecules (DMs) for the DFP as well as the shifted Deng–Fan potential (SDFP). For both the DFP and its shifted potential, the effect of the fractional parameter ($${\delta }$$δ) on the energy levels of various DMs is examined numerically and graphically. We found that the energy eigenvalues are gradually improved when the fractional parameter increases. The energy spectra of various DMs are also evaluated in three-dimensional space and higher dimensions. It is worthy to note that the energy spectrum raises as the number of dimensions increases. In addition, the dependence of the energy spectra of the DFP and its shifted potential on the reduced mass, screening parameter, equilibrium bond length and rotational and vibrational quantum numbers is illustrated. To validate our findings, the energy levels of the DFP and SDFP are estimated at the classical case ($${\delta =1}$$δ=1) for various DMs and found that they are entirely compatible with earlier studies.

Graphical abstract

In this study, a new algorithm of the generalized fractional Nikiforov–Uvarov method is employed to obtain new solutions to the fractional N-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation with the Deng–Fan potential. In addition, the results are applied to several diatomic molecules. The impact of the fractional parameter on the energy levels of various diatomic molecules is investigated. We found that the energy of the diatomic molecule is more bounded at lower fractional parameter values than in the classical case.
Semi-automatic Residential Floor Plan Detection: Developing a Tool for Humanities Research
Authors: King Elise , Meyer Katie Pierce , Lin King-Ip (David)
Published: September 2022

Architectural floor plans are tangible cultural history artifacts, valuable for documenting how people live, work, and recreate, both in the present and going back hundreds or even thousands of years. Today, floor plans are created using digital technologies, but prior to the 1990s, the majority were drafted by hand. For archives, the storage, conservation, and handling of hand-drawn floor plans, which are often oversized and fragile, can be challenging. The digitization of floor plans, therefore, can reduce the possibility of damage while providing greater accessibility. However, even with digitization, researchers and archives continue to encounter barriers utilizing and cataloging these collections. Manually processing, collecting, and analyzing information contained in floor plans is time-consuming and prone to human error, particularly when working with large floor plan corpora. A tool to facilitate the broader use of archival floor plans is needed. Here, we propose the Building Database and Analytics System (BuDAS), a tool for the detection, storage, and analysis of floor plan information to assist scholars' research on collections and support metadata capture. In this article, we explore the challenges of detecting floor plan information and provide an overview of BuDAS, which we developed to address these problems. In addition, we test BuDAS's room detection system on two groups of floor plans sourced from archives, representing different levels of detection difficulty. The limitations and future implications of BuDAS and floor plan detection will also be discussed.
GROUPTHINK
Authors: Hossaini Ali , Gingrich Oliver , Rahman Shama , Grierson Mick , Murr Joshua , Chamberlain Alan , Renaud Alain
Published: September 2022

Live performers often describe "playing to the audience" as shifts in emphasis, timing and even content according to perceived audience reactions. Traditional staging allows the transmission of physiological signals through the audience's eyes, skin, odor, breathing, vocalizations and motions such as dancing, stamping and clapping, some of which are audible. The Internet and other mass media broaden access to live performance, but they efface traditional channels for "liveness," which we specify as physiological feedback loops that bind performers and audience through shared agency. During online events, contemporary performers enjoy text and icon-based feedback, but current technology limits expression of physiological reactions by remote audiences. Looking to a future Internet of Neurons where humans and AI co-create via neurophysiological interfaces, this paper examines the possibility of reestablishing audience agency during live performance by using hemodynamic sensors while exploring the potential of AI as a creative collaborator.
Erratics on the Road to Wigan Pier
Authors: Lewis Chara , Mojsiewicz Kristin , Pettican Anneke
Published: September 2022

This paper focuses on the augmented reality project TouchAR to reveal creative collaborative approaches the authors took to site, technology, ecology, and gesture in their production of interactive public realm artworks in direct response to the Covid19 pandemic. Informed by the uncanny (re-animation, the double) ontology (affect, sensing embodied encounter) and ecology (speculative fabulation, deep time), the project explores 3D scanning and AR technology as tools for transformation and engagement with ecological deep time; addressing complications involved in offering an embodied experience with AR and as a means of enchantment. The authors will discuss how they use technology to suture analogue and computational art making, explore ideas of touch and engagement with ecology in a technological society and address the deep past, present challenges and possible futures.
KineCAM
Authors: Sethapakdi Ticha , Leake Mackenzie , Rodriguez Catalina Monsalve , Cai Miranda J. , Mueller Stefanie
Published: September 2022

The kinegram is a classic animation technique that involves sliding a striped overlay across an interlaced image to create the effect of frame-by-frame motion. While there are known tools for generating kinegrams from preexisting videos and images, there exists no system for capturing and fabricating kinegrams in situ. To bridge this gap, we created KineCAM, an open source1 instant camera that captures and prints animated photographs in the form of kinegrams. We present our experience using KineCAM to create a portrait series, and discuss how this type of customizable instant camera platform can create new opportunities for experimental and social photography.
Woven Behavior and Ornamentation
Authors: Meiklejohn Elizabeth , Devlin Felicita , Dunnigan John , Johnson Patricia , Zhang Joy Xiaoji , Marschner Steve , Hagan Brooks , Ko Joy
Published: September 2022

The class of self-shaping woven textiles are those that undergo a transformation in shape exhibiting three-dimensional behaviors due to the interplay between weave structure and active yarns that shrink, twist or otherwise move during finishing processes such as steaming. When weaving with active yarns to produce dimensional fabrics the unpredictability of the complex interactions involved typically necessitates arduous physical sampling for intentional design and use. Current weaving software, overwhelmingly reliant on 2D graphic depiction of woven fabric, is wholly unable to provide the predictive dimensional appearance of such fabrics that might lead to practical decision making and innovative design solutions. This paper describes an iterative workflow to design self-shaping woven fabrics, from simulation-assisted drafting to the creation of a library of woven behaviors categorized by attributes for seating design. This workflow is then used to inform the design of a new yarn-based simulator as well as to design and fabricate a textile-centric furniture piece in which these woven fabric behaviors and ornamentation are intentionally zoned to the form according to structural, ergonomic and aesthetic considerations.
LiSee
Authors: Chen Kaixin , Huang Yongzhi , Chen Yicong , Zhong Haobin , Lin Lihua , Wang Lu , Wu Kaishun
Published: September 2022

Reaching surrounding target objects is difficult for blind and low-vision (BLV) users, affecting their daily life. Based on interviews and exchanges, we propose an unobtrusive wearable system called LiSee to provide BLV users with all-day assistance. Following a user-centered design method, we carefully designed the LiSee prototype, which integrates various electronic components and is disguised as a neckband headphone such that it is an extension of the existing headphone. The top-level software includes a series of seamless image processing algorithms to solve the challenges brought by the unconstrained wearable form so as to ensure excellent real-time performance. Moreover, users are provided with a personalized guidance scheme so that they can use LiSee quickly based on their personal expertise. Finally, a system evaluation and a user study were completed in the laboratory and participants' homes. The results show that LiSee works robustly, indicating that it can meet the daily needs of most participants to reach surrounding objects.