bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional study to compare the biochemical parameters in low normal versus high normal plasma glucose levels in euglycemic individuals
Authors: Jhavar Dharmendra , Kirti Neha , Vishwakarma Sumit Kumar , Chandra Umesh Kumar , Verma Vinod
Published: May 2020

Background: Since a long time ago, the experts have realized that determination of cut-off point for diagnosing diabetes will be revised over time with the lower blood glucose level as the more sensitive diagnosis for detecting the occurring complication and biochemical changes.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of medicine, M.G.M. Medical College and M.Y. Hospital Indore from July, 2016 to August, 2017 in 200 individuals and patients having euglycemic status attending General Medicine OPD.Results: In the low and high normal group 2 (2.0%) and 8 (8.0%) were having abnormal total cholesterol (TC) level respectively. The mean total cholesterol in the low normal group was 117.16±26.94mg/dl and it was 154.74±28.38mg/dl in the high normal group. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.000). In the low and high normal group, 4 (4.0%) and 17 (17.0%) were having abnormal triglyceride (TG) levels respectively. The mean TG levels in the low and high normal group were 96.93±22.64mg/dl and 110.55±32.37mg/dl respectively. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.001). In the low and high normal group, 6 (6.0%) and 14 (14.0%) patient was having abnormal uric acid levels respectively. The mean uric acid levels in the low and high normal group was 4.88±1.10mg/dl and 5.31±1.31mg/dl respectively. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.013).Conclusions: Higher levels of Cholesterol and Triglycerides were found more commonly in high normal euglycemic group compared to low normal euglycemic group. Mean cholesterol and mean triglyceride levels were higher in high normal euglycemic group.
Renal stone disease: reasons for non-acceptance of surgical treatment among population of Western Rajasthan, India
Authors: Saran Rama Kishan , Purohit Ravindra , Sharma Pradeep K. , Chhabra M. K. , Chaudhary Gordhan
Published: May 2020

Background: Renal stone is a common disease in Western Rajasthan. The aim of this study was to identify the causes of patient with renal disease for opting alternative methods for treatment instead of surgical approach.Methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Department of Urology, Dr. SN Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan between August 2018 and July 2019. Patients with diagnosis of complicated renal stone disease including infected hydronephrosis, pyonephrosis, and calyceal rupture were enrolled in this study. Along with demographic characteristics patients were asked to enumerate causes for delay in seeking surgical intervention in sequential order and the reasons given by each patient were recorded separately.Results: A total of 80 patients with complicated renal stone disease were included in the study. Majority of the patients (77.50%) were men. Out of 80 patients, 32 patients were illiterate and 28 patients had primary level of education. Sixty-two patients reported only single reason for their negligence. Eleven and three patients reported two and three reasons, respectively. However, four patients could not provide any reason. The major cause reported by the patients (57.5%) for neglecting their disease was dependence and trust on alternative methods including ayurvedic medicines, homeopathic medicines, bhopas, and superstition.Conclusions: The majority of patients were belonged to lower socioeconomic class reported that dependence and trust on alternative methods including ayurvedic and homeopathic medicines are the major cause of neglecting their disease.
Prospective study of factors affecting medication adherence in diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Agrawal Navneet , Tiwari Dharmendra
Published: May 2020

Background: Treatment interruption is an obstacle in therapeutic control of diabetes mellitus. Treatment interruption leads to uncontrolled hyperglycemia which increases the risk of diabetes related complications. Aim of study the factors responsible for the treatment interruptions among the diabetes patients.Methods: Four hundred and ninety-one diabetes patients were studied at Diabetes, obesity and Thyroid center, Gwalior between September 2018 to December 2018. Responses were recorded using a detailed questionnaire consisting of 25 questions. Responses were recorded in terms of Yes or No along with the basic demographic details.   Results: Male preponderance was reported (68.4%). Majority were off the diabetes treatment for last 1-5 months (78.8%). Most common response for the treatment interruption was long life medication period (73.7%) followed by the fact that majority were not aware of the consequences of missing the doses (68%), 66.6% due to the side effect of the medication and 57.8% had financial problem.Conclusions: Large number of diabetes patients had poor adherence. There are many modifiable factors which can be improved on individual basis to improve the glycemic outcomes.
Key points of cooperation for successful implementation of bedside TCD in brain death determination
Authors: Xu Guixing , Liu Dawei , Xiao Fang , Zheng Donghua
Published: May 2020

Background: To clarify the key points of cooperation in bedside TCD examination of potential brain death patients and ensure the successful implementation of bedside TCD.Methods: From June 2018 to May 2019, the clinical data of potential brain death patients, admitted in ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, were prospectively collected; for patients undergoing bedside TCD examination, through cooperating with TCD examination doctors, the related key points were summarized and analyzed.Results: Among 127 patients entered the study, including 103 males and 24 females, mean age is (33.2±15.2) years. 112 cases (88.2%) successfully implemented bedside TCD, 15 cases (11.8%) failed to implement bedside TCD. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that: reasonable blood pressure regulation (systolic pressure: 90-140mmhg) (or = 6.58, 95% CI: 1.72-31.69), effective CCA compression test (rapid and accurate compression) (or = 13.62, 95% CI: 3.04-78.93) and body position adjustment (back and bed surface angle: 30-60°) (or = 11.76, 95% CI: 1 49-76.28) is the key points of cooperation for the successful implementation of bedside TCD in potential brain death patients.Conclusions: The targeted cooperation can ensure the successful implementation of bedside TCD judgment of brain death, and the results need further external validation.
A cross-sectional study of chronic liver disease patients complicating to hepatic osteodystrophy
Authors: P. Mohammed Jaleel , Devi S. Bhagyabati , Reema Ningthoukhongjam , Singh Thangjam Gautam , P. Dhileeban Maharajan
Published: May 2020

Background: Hepatic osteodystrophy encompasses the spectrum of metabolic bone diseases in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients. CLD causing changes in BMD is well known. Although BMD evaluation in CLD cirrhosis are recommended by societies of British and American gastroenterology ,very less number of literature exist from India and none from the North-eastern region of India. Aim of the study to determine the association and severity of bone mineral density changes in patients with CLD and to correlate it with different aetiologies and severity of CLD.Methods: This cross-sectional study which included 79 patients with CLD was conducted in RIMS, Manipur from September 2017 to August 2019. All CLD patients of age 18-60 years were included. DEXA scan and other related blood investigations were performed.Results: Chronic alcohol intake (56.9%), viral infection (20.3%) and mixed (17.7%) were the main aetiology of CLD in our study. Seventy three (92.4%) of the total 79 patients had low BMD (Osteopenia in 29 (36.7%) and osteoporosis in 44 (55.7%) patients). Osteoporosis was detected in 53.4% of alcohol related Cirrhosis, 25%of viral liver disease. Majority of the severe CLD patients (Child class C) had osteoporosis (70.6%) as compared to less severe groups (23.5% and 36.4% in class B and A respectively).Conclusions: CLD patients have high prevalence of osteoporosis. Severity of liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, serum calcium and vitamin D deficiency predisposes to osteoporosis in these patients. Hence early screening of BMD is necessary in CLD patients.
An uncommon case of venomous snake bite complicated by intracranial haemorrhage
Authors: Parasher Anant , Roy Prabhat Gautam , Inamadar Soumya
Published: May 2020

Snake bite is a widespread and neglected public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries, where rural populations are mainly affected. Although venomous snake bite may lead to a wide range of complications, life-threatening neurological complications such as Intracerebral Haemorrhage (ICH) are rare and infrequently documented in literature. Here we discuss the case of a 64-year-old man who developed ICH following a viper bite, and the neurological sequelae that followed after management.
Chemotherapy in COVID-19 pandemic: to give or not to give?
Authors: Pathak Abhishek , Ranjan Subhash , Rathore Anvesh , Kapoor Rajan , Gupta Alpana
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 is a new pathogen for humans, not much is known how it affects cancer patients, but definitely there is high risk for cancer patients contracting this disease. So to find a solution to this very challenging situation the oncologists need to formulate certain guiding principles for cancer treatment in this pandemic era. Authors have divided this cancer patients into four categories depending upon the urgency of giving chemotherapy. The lowest priority being Priority A where delaying chemotherapy till this pandemic gets over will not harm the patients much and the highest priority being given to Priority D where authors do not want even a delay of days/ week. It is Priority B and C where the decision needs to made by the clinicians. However, in case authors decide to give chemotherapy in present setting there are certain changes that needs to be made both on patient as well as the hospital end. Like higher degree of awareness among patients, rational usage of resources of the hospital etc. It is indeed a very difficult time for cancer patients who are trying to cope up with malignancy and for most of them; the coronavirus is an extra concern and worry. Till the time authors learn how best treat and care to this patients during this pandemic era do what you can do to keep you and your family stay safe and Healthy.
Airborne infection control for TB in healthcare settings: it’s time to act
Authors: K. Vinay , K. Akhila Rao
Published: May 2020

Globally, an estimated 10.0 million people were affected by TB in 2018 with India leading with 27% incidence. Ending the TB epidemic by 2030 is among the health targets of the Sustainable Development Goals set by WHO. Unsuspected TB cases contribute to TB transmission because they may go unsuspected for weeks, and may visit multiple health-care facilities or be admitted indoors to non-isolation wards hence posing threat to Health care workers (HCW) who are at high risk for both latent TB and TB infection when compared to general community population. The TB infection control program should be followed by the hospitals which should include Administrative measures, Environmental measures and Personal protective measures. Health-care worker (HCW) education, training and capacity building on TB infection is an essential part of a TB infection control program. Standard precautions should be taken for maintaining TB laboratory, proper management of accidents/spillages and appropriate methods of waste handling and disposal. Effective infection control in health care workers integrated approach at National, State, Local health officials and Hospital administrative levels are required for effective tackling infection to health care workers along with political commitment and leadership at all the levels. Finally, TB infection control programs can have secondary benefits with infection control in general, which, if improved, could also prevent other infectious diseases that may be nosocomially transmitted.
Oral anticoagulation therapy: current challenges in Indian scenario
Authors: Menon Ajit , Thomas Joy , Ichaporia N. R. , Sahoo Prasant Kumar , Unni T. Govindan
Published: May 2020

Over the past decade, the burden of thromboembolic diseases has increased in India; however, there is a huge gap between the diagnosis and treatment of these ailments. This is further complicated by the presence of various options for anticoagulation therapy and the absence of a clinical consensus on the use of these anticoagulants. To address this issue and establish consensus statements on the use of anticoagulation therapy in Indian settings, an expert consensus was developed in alignment with the latest available evidence. A group of 38 clinical experts discussed, in detail, various case-based scenarios on stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF), anticoagulation for patients with valvular heart disease, stroke, or deep-vein thrombosis. Anticoagulation management options for special populations, including patients with renal dysfunction, elderly patients, and pregnant women, were also discussed in detail. The key opinions the experts (cardiologists, cardiovascular and thoracic surgeons, consulting physicians, and neurologists) are intended to address gaps in Indian clinical practice concerning anticoagulation therapy. Based on scientific evidence, clinical experience, and guidelines on the use of anticoagulation therapy, various consensus statements were proposed. This document was drafted, reviewed, validated, and modiﬁed by the expert panel until a ﬁnal agreement was reached. This pioneering consensus document will lay the foundation for future anticoagulation education modules based on evidence-based treatment approaches for Indian clinicians.
User acceptance of ATM biometric authentication
Authors: Rasiah Devinaga , Yee Yen Yuen
Published: May 2020

Malaysia is amongst one of the first countries in the world to use biometrics as a standard in its identification cards and automatic teller machines (ATMs). Currently, there is a lack of studies in Malaysia and around the world that studied the user acceptance of ATM biometric authentication technology. All previous studies tended to overlook the user acceptance of ATM biometrics authentication which is an increasingly important mechanism to verify user identity in banking industry. Therefore, this study is carried out to examine the key factors of user acceptance of ATM biometric authentication technology in Malaysian banks. The target population of this study was customers of commercial banks in the central region of Malaysia. The participants were randomly selected. The questionnaire was distributed to 200 bank customers who have at least 1-year experience in using ATM biometric authentication. The items in the questionnaire were derived from the extensive survey of relevant literature and oral interview. The findings show that both the performance expectancy and social influence have significant effects on user adoption of ATM biometric authentication.

Keywords: ATM, behavioural intention to use, biometrics, performance expectancy, social influence.
Customer segmentation for churn management by using ant colony algorithm
Authors: Gulluoglu Batuhan , Arifoglu Evren , Karahoca Adem , Karahoca Dilek
Published: May 2020

It is extremely important for companies to set customer priorities and act in line with these priorities. The ant colony algorithm is used to perform customer segmentation. To do this, the shortest path approach was chosen. Besides, clustering is done by the Euclidean distance formula in the ant colony algorithm. The customer segmentation attributes are mostly related to the satisfaction factors, but some of them were eliminated by using ranker. These results are mostly related to the customerâ€™s income, tenure, equip call card and reside. These attributes are the most important satisfaction factors not to lose customers as expected. There are many reasons in changing GSM operator for subscribers, and it is very important for companies to predict if subscriber will change GSM operator or not. For this reason, companies that give GSM services have to monitor subscribersâ€™ behaviour and predict one step forward. In this study, changing subscribersâ€™ GSM operator will be predicted by using data mining techniques.

Keywords: Ant colony, churn management, customer segmentation, data mining.

Categories: I.2.1, I.2
Psychometric Properties of the Family Stigma in Alzheimer's Disease Scale in Greek Professional Caregivers
Authors: Mantzorou Marianna , Zyga Sofia , Mastrogiannis Dimos , Koukia Evmorfia
Published: May 2020

Background and Purposes

The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Family Stigma in Alzheimer's Disease Scale (FS-ADS) in the Greek population.

Methods

The Greek version of the FS-ADS as well as the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was administered to 171 healthcare professional caring for people with dementia. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to examine the factor structure of the FS-ADS. Test–retest reliability was measured by administration of the FS-ADS in 20 individuals.

Results

Principal component analysis revealed 5, 8 and 3 factors (subscales) for each dimension of the original questionnaire, respectively, similar to other previously reported results in the literature. The overall Cronbach's α was .899, yielding a high internal consistency. Test–retest reliability was very high (r= 0.903,p< .001). Statistically significant relationships were found between most of the FS-ADS dimensions and Maslach subscales.

Conclusion

The findings favor the use of FS-ADS in nurses and professional caregivers in general, for measuring stigma in dementia in Greece.
ELEMENTAL STATUS OF PATIENTS OF LABOR POPULATION WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University, Tarmaeva N.A. , Haptanova V.A. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Bogdanovа O.G. ,   East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research
Published: May 2020

When studying the elemental status in patients with working-age arterial hypertension living in the city of Irkutsk, dyslementosis was observed, which manifested itself in a decrease in the level of Ca in the blood by 4.3% of the norm, which is 2.01 ± 0.05 mmol / l, in hair - by 20% (482 ± 31.2 mg / kg). In the hair, a decrease in Zn level by 9% from the norm was noted, which is 164 ± 12 mg / kg, a decrease in Mg in the hair (154 ± 3.3 mg / kg) and blood (0.64 ± 0.04 mmol / l). An increase in the Na content in the blood (149 ± 1.06 mmol / L) and hair (553 ± 156 mg / kg), and the Cl content in the blood (119.4 ± 2.8 mmol / L) was also noted. The content of toxic and conditionally toxic elements (Al, As, B, Cd, Hg, Li, Ni, Pb, Sn, Sr, V) was closer to the lower limit of the norm: Al - 5.60 ± 0.80 mg / kg; As - 0.053 ± 0.009 mg / kg; B - 1.31 ± 0.05 mg / kg; Cd - 0.049 ± 0.024 mg / kg; Hg - 0.38 ± 0.06 mg / kg; Li - 0.018 ± 0.004 mg / kg; Ni - 0.29 ± 0.06 mg / kg; Pb - 1.00 ± 0.37 mg / kg; Sn - 1.16 ± 0.73 mg / kg; Sr - 8.28 ± 1.74 mg / kg; V - 0.18 ± 0.01 mg / kg, which indicates a reduced anthropogenic load on the human body.
STUDY OF ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF CHAMERION ANGUSTIFOLIUM AND THEIR NUTRITIONAL VALUE FOR HUMANS
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk state medical Academy,, Nekhoroshev S.V. , Botirov E.X. ,   Khanty-Mansiysk state medical Academy, Gornikov N.V. , Nekhorosheva A.V. ,   Khanty-Mansiysk state medical Academy,, Kubar V.V. ,   OOO «Tea house «Clean»
Published: May 2020

Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub., the family Onagraceae (kipreyny), is an herbaceous plant that grows abundant in the wild of Eurasia and North America, since the 16th century widely used in fresh and dried form as a medicinal plant in folk medicine, and in fermented form for the preparation of infusions (tea drinks). It is known from scientific publications that 61 elements have been found in the mineral component of this plant, the content of which depends on the area of its growth. At the same time, most works provide results of determination of gross content of elements, on the basis of which many researchers refer to Ch. angustifolium to a possible source of vital human elements. It does not take into account that many of these elements cannot be fully absorbed by the body during digestion. During this work by means of a mass spectrometry method with the inductive and connected plasma (ISP-MS) the maintenance of 25 the elements, most important for the person was studied (Al, B, V, Fe, I, K, Cd, Ca, Co, Si, Li, Mg, Mn, Cu, As, Na, Ni, Sn, Hg, Pb, Se, Sr, P, Cr, Zn). These elements are converted into a water-soluble form in the conventional method of preparing a tea beverage from dry veg-etable raw materials - Ch leaves. angustifolium collected in 2018 in the wild in the territory of the Nizhnevartovsky district of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District - Ugra, as well as comparison of the obtained results with reference values of standards of adequate daily consumption of human elements. As a result, Ch was found to be in the leaves. angustifolium the most important elements for human nutrition are manganese and magnesium, contained in the amount of 3.3%/g and 1.1%/g (respectively) of daily consumption of these elements by adults. This plant raw material is not toxic to humans since the known daily level of human toxicity in Ch leaves. angustifolium as defined will primarily be achieved by manganese (0.33%/g) and potassium (0.22%/g). The remaining elements reach less than 0.1% of the known daily toxicity level, or have no toxic effect on humans at all when ingested with food.
INFLUENCE OF MULTIPLE MICRONUTRIENT INSUFFICIENCY ON VITAMIN AND MINERAL STATUS OF RATS
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,, Kodentsova V.M. , Vrhesinskaya O.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,, Beketova N.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,, Kosheleva O.V. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,, Shevyakova L.V. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,, Soto S.J. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,, Sokolnikov A.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,, Leonenko S.N. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,
Published: May 2020

Multiple alimentary deficiency of micronutrients (all vitamins, calcium, magnesium and iodine) in growing rats (51.4±0.5 g) was caused by a 2-fold decrease in the content of calcium, magnesium and iodine in the mineral mixture and 5-fold of all vitamins in the vitamin mixture in the semi-synthetic diet. It was accompanied by a decrease of the brain content of magnesium (25,2%, p=0.003) and copper (8-fold, p<0.001) with simultaneous accumulation of liver level of zinc, iron and manganese by 12.0%, 19.5% and 23.4%, (p<0.05) accordingly. Despite the equal content of these trace elements in the diet of rats from both groups (12 animals in each) they were redistributed among organs in animals with multiple micronutrient deficiency. Blood plasma concentration of calcium increased by 3.6% (p=0.001) while its urinary excretion decreased by 1.5 fold (p=0.033) and brain content increased by 16.0% (p=0.012). Phosphorus reabsorption decreased by 7.8% (p<0.001), whereas its urinary excretion 1,7-fold increased (p<0.001). Against the background of deterioration of vitamin status indicators, the ratio of γ- and α-tocopherols in blood plasma increased 2.7 times (p=0.024). A number of diagnostically significant blood parameters had been changed. The concentration of glucose increased by 13.3% (p=0.001), urea – by 43.9% (p=0.020), direct bilirubin – by 2.1 fold (p=0.052), and a slight increase in protein by 5.4% was observed (p=0.028). Multiple alimentary deficiency of micronutrients can contribute to the progression of many diseases or complicate their diagnosis.
Passive Immunity to Vibrio cholerae O1 Afforded by a Human Monoclonal IgA1 Antibody Expressed in Milk
Authors: Baranova Danielle E. , Chen Lihow , Destrempes Margaret , Meade Harry , Mantis Nicholas J.
Published: May 2020

Background: In cholera epidemics, the spread of disease can easily outpace vaccine control measures. The advent of technologies enabling the expression of recombinant proteins, including antibodies, in the milk of transgenic animals raises the prospect of developing a self-administered and cost-effective monoclonal antibody (MAb)-based prophylactic to reduce the incidence of Vibrio cholerae infection.Methods: We generated a transgenic mouse line in which the heavy and light chain variable regions (Fv) specific for a conserved epitope in the core/lipid A of V. cholerae O1 lipopolysaccharide were expressed as a full-length human dimeric IgA1 (ZAC-3) and secreted into the milk of lactating dams. Milk containing ZAC-3 IgA1 was assessed for the ability to passively protect against experimental cholera infection in a newborn mouse model and to impact bacterial swimming behavior.Results: Newborn mice that were passively administered ZAC-3 IgA1 containing milk, or that suckled on dams expressing ZAC-3 IgA1, were immune to experimental cholera infection, as measured by a reduction of V. cholerae O1 colony forming units recovered from intestinal lysates 12 hours after oral challenge. In vitro analysis revealed that ZAC-3 hIgA1-containing milk arrested V. cholerae motility in soft agar and liquid media and was effective at promoting bacterial agglutination, possibly accounting for the observed reduction in bacterial colonization in vivo.Conclusions: These results demonstrate that consumption of milk-derived antibodies may serve as a strategy to passively protect against cholera and possibly other enteric pathogens.
Evaluation of Ultraviolet-C Light for Rapid Decontamination of Airport Security Bins in the Era of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Cadnum Jennifer , Li Daniel F. , Jones Lucas D. , Redmond Sarah N. , Pearlmutter Basya , Wilson Brigid , Donskey Curtis J.
Published: May 2020

Background:  Contaminated surfaces are a potential source for spread of respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2.  Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light is effective against RNA and DNA viruses and could be useful for decontamination of high-touch fomites that are shared by multiple users. Methods:  A modification of the American Society for Testing and Materials standard quantitative carrier disk test method (ASTM E-2197-11) was used to examine the effectiveness of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light for rapid decontamination of plastic airport security bins inoculated at 3 sites with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and bacteriophages MS2, PhiX174, and Phi6, an enveloped RNA virus used as a surrogate for coronaviruses. Three log10 reductions on inoculated plastic bins were considered effective for decontamination. Results: UV-C light administered as 10-, 20-, or 30-second cycles in proximity to a plastic bin reduced contamination on each of the test sites, including vertical and horizontal surfaces.  The 30-second cycle met criteria for decontamination of all 3 test sites for all the test organisms except bacteriophage MS2 which was reduced by greater than 2 log10 PFU at each site. Conclusions: UV-C light is an attractive technology for rapid decontamination of airport security bins.  Further work is needed to evaluate the utility of UV-C light in real-world settings and to develop methods to provide automated movement of bins through a UV-C decontamination process.
METİN MADENCİLİĞİ: İMKÂNLAR, YÖNTEMLER VE KISITLAR
Authors: ATAN Suat
Published: May 2020

Dünyada ortalama olarak her gün 2,5 milyar GB verinin üretildiği hesaplanmaktadır. Bu miktarın yaklaşık olarak %80’inin ise metin formunda olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. İnsanların bilgiyi tablolar halinde değil düz yazı formunda, doğal dille kaydetmeleri ve doğal dilin esnekliği nedeniyle bu durum var olmaya devam edecektir. Devasa miktardaki bu metinlerin insanlar tarafından okunarak değerlendirilmesi mümkün değildir. Bu verilerden anlamlı sonuçlar üretmek metin madenciliğinin konusudur. Metin madenciliği sayesinde, metinlerin programlanan algoritmalar yardımıyla özetlenmesi, sınıflandırılması, etiketlenmesi ve seçilmesi mümkündür. Metin Madenciliği bu özellikleri ile tüm organizasyonlar için çok çeşitli fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Türkçe literatürde metin madenciliği alanının uygulamalarından ziyade metin madenciliğinin arka planını ve olanaklarını inceleyen çalışmalara ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma da bu boşluğu doldurmayı ve araştırmacıların metin madenciliği olanaklarını incelemelerine yardımcı olmayı hedeflemektedir.
TRAVMA SONRASI BÜYÜME VE ANLAM: BİR VAKA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ERTEN Rabia , KOCAKAYA Ramazan
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmada, trafik kazası geçirerek ağır yaralanan kardeşinin bakımını üstlenen M.D’ nin, travma ile nasıl baş ettiği, travmanın M.D.’nin hayatında ne gibi değişikliklere yol açtığı sorularına cevap bulmak amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda M.D. ile iki görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk görüşme, kazadan 115 gün sonra gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk görüşmede, kaza haberini aldığı günden, kardeşinin fizik tedavi görmeye başladığı günlere kadar olan süreç hakkında bilgi alınmıştır. İkinci görüşme ise kazanın üzerinden 263 gün geçtikten sonra gerçekleştirilmiştir. İkinci görüşmede ise daha çok M.D.’nin baş etme stratejileri ve kazadan sonraki yaşamı ile ilgili bilgiler alınmıştır. M.D. travma sonrası büyümenin alt boyutları olan kişisel güç, yeni fırsatlar, başkalarıyla ilişki ve manevi gelişim konularında gelişim göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda yaşadığı olayı anlamlandırdığı ifadelerinden anlaşılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak travma, kişilerin yaşamlarına sadece olumsuz yönde etki etmemekte, kişilere travma öncesine göre gelişme ve yeni anlamlar keşfetme fırsatı da sunmaktadır.
HABİB EN-NECCAR’IN ANTAKYA HALKINA TAVSİYE ETTİĞİ PSİKOSOSYAL HİKMETLER
Authors: ORAL Osman
Published: May 2020

Habîb en-Neccâr, Hz. İsa’nın peygamberliği döneminde Antakya’da yaşadığı tahmin edilen biridir. O dönemde bir şehir halkına tevhid dinini tebliğ etmeleri için Allah (veya Hz. İsa) elçilerini gönderir. Şehir halkı "Siz Allah'ın elçisi değil sadece bizim gibi birer insansınız. Rahman Allah size hiçbir şey indirmemiştir. Sizin söyledikleriniz yalandan ibarettir" ve “Bize uğursuzluk getirdiniz” gibi gerekçeler öne sürerek elçileri yalanlarlar. Onları taşlayarak öldürmeye karar verirler. Bu zulme engel olmak için şehrin uzak ucundan biri koşarak gelir, “Sizden hiçbir ücret istemeyen hidayet yolunda olan bu elçilere uyun!” demektedir. O kişi kavmine; Peygamberlerin(kesme işareti gelmeli) Allah tarafından gönderildiğine inanmalarını, -akıl yeterli, peygamber’e ve vahiy bilgisine gerek yok diyen deizm türü görüşlerin aksine- onların vahiyle öğrettiği hüküm ve ilkeleri içselleştirmelerini istemektedir. Hikmet ve hakikatleri söyleyen elçileri öldürmemeleri konusunda halkına bazı nasihatlerde bulunur. Halkın zulüm ve haksızlıklarına engel olmaya çalışırken onun öldürüldüğü rivayet edilir. Son nefesinde “Keşke kavmim, Rabbimin beni bağışladığını ve beni ikrâm edilenlerden kıldığını bilseydi” diyerek halkının hikmet ve hakikatleri bilmelerini arzulamaktadır. Bu durum Kur’ân’ın kalbi olarak nitelendirilen Yâsîn Sûresi’nin 13-29. âyetlerinde geniş bir şekilde anlatılır. Bu kişinin kavmine yaptığı psiko-sosyal içerikli tavsiyeleri insanlığa sunulur. Müfessirler ve tarihçilere göre bu şehir; ‘Antakya’, anlatılan prototip şahsiyet de ‘Habib en-Neccâr’dır. O’nun halkına tavsiye ettiği psiko-sosyal hikmetlerin yaşamsal ilkelerden olduğu söylenebilir.
INVESTIGATION OF THE OIL PRICE VOLATILITY WITH AUTOREGRESSIVE CONDITIONAL VARIANCE MODELS ARCH/GARCH
Authors: YENİSU Ersin
Published: May 2020

Oil prices have had a significant volatility over the past century as a result of changes in international economic and political balances. Because oil is a major source of energy and is not evenly distributed among countries, it now has a strategic importance for each country. The aim of this study is to analyze the volatility of global oil prices with the Autoregressive Conditional Variance Models (ARCH/GARCH). In this direction, European Brent oil prices based on June 1987- June 2018 business day basis were used as data in the study. According to the results of analysis, it is seen that TARCH (1,1) model is the best volatility estimation model among different ARCH/GARCH type models. According to the model: I) Oil prices are positively affected by the previous period. II) The impact of shocks on oil price return does not spread over a long period. III) Volatility is generally high, so instability is dominant in prices. IV) Negative shocks on oil price return are more effective than positive shocks.
SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA PSİKOLOJİK GÜÇLENDİRME ALGISININ SİNERJİK İKLİM ALGISINA ETKİSİ
Authors: YANIK Aygül , AÇAR Vedat
Published: May 2020

Araştırmada, sağlık çalışanlarında psikolojik güçlendirme algısı ile sinerjik iklim algısı arasındaki ilişki ve psikolojik güçlendirme algısının sinerjik iklim algısına etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, kamu hastanesinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanları ile yapılmıştır. Veriler anket formu ile toplanmış ve eksiksiz yanıtlanan 227 anket değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, SPSS for Windows 23.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların puanları incelendiğinde, genel psikolojik güçlendirme algısı puanının yüksek (3,842±0,046) ve genel sinerjik iklim algısı puanının orta düzeyde (3,198±0,050) olduğu bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların psikolojik güçlendirme algısı ile sinerjik iklim algısı arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Araştırmada, katılımcıların psikolojik güçlendirme algısının sinerjik iklim algısını etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Olumlu sinerjik iklim örgütsel başarıyı arttırmaktadır. Dolayısıyla çalışanların psikolojik olarak güçlendirilmesi önemli olmaktadır.
ÖĞRETMENLERİN STRES DÜZEYLERİ ÜZERİNE KARMA BİR ARAŞTIRMA: SOSYAL HİZMET MESLEĞİ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN BİR TARTIŞMA
Authors: YANARDAĞ Umut , DİKMEN Tahir
Published: May 2020

Bu araştırmanın ana amacı öğretmenlerde öğrenci kaynaklı sosyal stresin ve stres kaynaklarının belirlenmesi ve sonuçların sosyal hizmet mesleği perspektifinde tartışılmasıdır. Çalışma, ardışık desenle gerçekleştirilen bir karma yöntem araştırmasıdır. Araştırmanın nicel kısmı için araştırma evrenini Burdur ili Bucak ilçesindeki tüm öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırma kapsamında da 275 kişiye ulaşılarak örneklem sayısı hedefi yakalanmıştır. Veri toplama araçları; Öğretmenler İçin Öğrenci Kaynaklı Sosyal Stres Ölçeği ile Mayerson’un Stres Kaynağı Ölçeği olarak belirlenmiştir. Veriler yalnızca gönüllü öğretmenlerin araştırmaya katılımı ile ve birebir görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Veriler, SPSS 20 ve Atlas.ti programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın nitel kısmı nicel bulguları açıklamaya yönelik hazırlanmış yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla 8 öğretmenle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya Burdur ili Bucak ilçesinden 275 öğretmen dahil olmuştur. Öğretmenlerde öğrenci kaynaklı stres ile stres kaynakları ölçeğinin tüm boyutları arasında pozitif yönde ve düşük düzeyde ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Stres kaynakları, öğrenci kaynaklı sosyal stres üzerindeki toplam varyansın %19,6’sını açıklamaktadır. Araştırmanın bir başka sonucuna göre ise, işle ilgili veya kendini yorumlama biçimiyle ilgili stresi artan öğretmenlerin öğrenci kaynaklı sosyal stresleri de anlamlı düzeyde artmaktadır.
Implementation of Cooperative Learning Model by Greeting and Question Technique to Improve the Learning Outcomes and Activities Students in SMA 1 Bengkulu
Authors: Hidayat Habibi , Rohiat Salastri , Bahar Amrul
Published: May 2020

Cooperative learning model is one learning model of activities and interactions between students to motivate each other and help each other in mastering subject matter to achieve maximum achievement. This research was conducted in n cycles. Each cycle is carried out by the changes to be achieved starting from initial reflection to returning to analysis and reflection. The average value of students has increased in each cycle of 50.75 in cycle 1, then increased in cycle 2 that is equal to 52.2 and cycle 3 to 72.75. teacher activity during the chemistry learning process in the classroom for each cycle using the type cooperative learning model with greeting and questions techniques continued to increase namely from an average score of 30 to 34.5 and increased very well in the cycle to 3 which is equal to 42 with good criteria while for student activity the average score of 26 to 31.5 and increased very well in the third cycle that is equal to 39 with good criteria. The conclusion is that the implementation of cooperative learning model with greeting and question techniques can improve the learning outcomes and activities of students in SMA 1 Bengkulu.
Incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth – findings from a multicentric observational study in Nepal
Authors: Gurung Abhishek , Wrammert Johan , Sunny Avinash K , Gurung Rejina , Rana Netra , Basaula Yuba Nidhi , Paudel Prajwal , Pokhrel Amrit , Kc Ashish
Published: May 2020

Background: Preterm birth is a worldwide epidemic and a leading cause of neonatal mortality. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth in Nepal.Methods: This was an observational study conducted in 12 public hospitals of Nepal. All the babies born during the study period were included in the study. Babies born <37 weeks of gestation were classified as preterm births. For the association and outcomes for preterm birth, univariate followed by multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The incidence of preterm was found to be 93 per 1000 live births. Mothers aged less than 20 years (aOR 1.26 ;1.15-1.39) had a high risk for preterm birth. Similarly, education of the mother was a significant predictor for preterm birth: illiterate mothers (aOR 1.41; 1.22-1.64), literate mothers (aOR 1.21; 1.08-1.35) and mothers having basic level of education (aOR 1.17; 1.07-1.27). Socio-demographic factors such as smoking (aOR 1.13; 1.01-1.26), use of polluted fuel (aOR 1.26; 1.17-1.35) and sex of baby (aOR 1.18; 1.11-1.26); obstetric factors such as nulliparity (aOR 1.33; 1.20-1.48), multiple delivery (aOR 6.63; 5.16-8.52), severe anemia during pregnancy (aOR 3.27; 2.21-4.84), antenatal visit during second trimester (aOR 1.13; 1.05-1.22) and third trimester (aOR 1.24; 1.12-1.38), <4 antenatal visits during pregnancy (aOR 1.49; 1.38-1.61) were found to be significant risk factors of preterm birth. Preterm has a risk for pre-discharge mortality (10.60; 9.28-12.10). Conclusion: In this study, we found high incidence of preterm birth. Various socio-demographic, obstetric and neonatal risk factors were associated with preterm birth. Risk factor modifications and timely interventions will help in the reduction of preterm births and associated mortalities. Trial registration: ISRCTN30829654
Body Mass Index- and Waist Circumference-Defined Obesity with the risk of Total Knee Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Lim Yuan Z , Wang Yuanyuan , Cicuttini Flavia M , Giles Graham G , Graves Stephen , Wluka Anita E , Hussain Sultana Monira
Published: May 2020

Background: There is a discordance in classification of obesity when defined by body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC). We aimed to examine whether categories of BMI- and WC-defined obesity are differentially associated with the risk of total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis.Methods: 38,924 participants from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study with BMI and WC measured at baseline (1990-1994) were included. Obesity status was defined as: not obese (non-obese BMI and non-obese WC); WC-defined obesity only (non-obese BMI and obese WC); BMI-defined obesity only (non-obese WC and obese BMI); and BMI- and WC-defined obesity. The incidence of total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis between January 2001 and December 2013 was determined by linking participant records to the National Joint Replacement Registry. Results: Over 11.5±3.1 years follow-up, 1,875 participants underwent total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. Participants with WC-defined obesity only (HR=1.79, 95%CI 1.51-2.53), BMI-defined obesity only (HR=2.39, 95%CI 2.02-2.84), and BMI- and WC-defined obesity (HR=3.14, 95%CI 2.82-3.49) had an increased risk of total knee arthroplasty compared with those who were not obese. Conclusions: Individuals with either BMI- or WC-defined obesity should be targeted for prevention of knee osteoarthritis as both are significant predictors for severe osteoarthritis requiring a total knee arthroplasty.
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J infection influencing composition of gut microbiota within chicken
Authors: Chen Yuan , Ni Jiajia , Li Hongwei
Published: May 2020

Background: Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is a major cause of disease in poultry. Probiotics play a critical role in animal health maintenance. Studies have indicated that viral infection can alter the composition of the chicken gut microbiota. We hypothesized that ALV-J infection alters the probiotics composition in chicken fecal bacterial microbiome. We performed high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and evaluated the gut microbiota proﬁles using feces from ALV-J-infected and healthy chickens. Results: The relative abundance at the phylum and species levels was calculated. The phylum Proteobacteria was more abundant in ALV-J-infected chickens than in healthy chickens. Additionally, the abundance of the opportunistic pathogen, Propionibacterium acnes, was significantly increased in ALV-J-infected chickens. Interestingly, ALV-J infection tended to be significantly decreased by the probiotics Lactobacillus helveticus and Lactobacillus reuteri. Conclusions: The study indicates that ALV-J infection significantly altered the gut microbiota distribution in chickens. Additionally, ALV-J infection significantly influenced the abundance of L. helveticus and L. reuteri in the chicken gut.
Human fetal skin-derived stem cell secretome reduce liver fibrosis
Authors: Yao Xia , Wang Jing , Zhu Jiajing , Rong Xiaoli
Published: May 2020

Background: Liver fibrosis resulting from a chronic liver injury is one of the significant causes of mortality. Stem cells-secreted secretome has been evaluated for overcoming the limitations of cell-based therapy in hepatic disease while maintaining its advantages over the current therapies. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effect of human fetal skin-derived stem cells (hFSSCs) secretome in the treatment of liver fibrosis. To determine the therapeutic potential of the hFSSCs secretome in liver fibrosis, we established the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rat model, and we administered hFSSCs secretome in vivo. Moreover, we investigated the anti-fibrotic mechanism of hFSSCs secretome in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Results: Our results showed that hFSSCs secretome effectively reduced collagen content in the liver, and improved the liver function and promoted liver regeneration. Interestingly, we also found that hFSSCs secretome reduced liver fibrosis through suppressing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In addition, we found that hFSSC secretome inhibited the TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and Collagen I expression, while we observed, increased Smad7 expression. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results suggest that hFSSCs secretome treatment could reduce CCl4-induced liver fibrosis via regulating the TGF-β/Smad signal pathway.
Validation of the Simplified Chinese Version of FACT-Hep for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Combinations of Classical Test Theory and Generalizability Theory
Authors: lei Pingguang , yang zheng , li wei , ou jingqing , cun yingli , meng qiong , wan chonghua
Published: May 2020

Background

Quality of life (QOL) is now concerned worldwide in cancer clinical fields and the specific instrument FACT-Hep (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy- Hepatobiliary questionnaire) is widely used in English-spoken countries. However, the specific instruments for hepatocellular carcinoma patients in China were seldom and no formal validation on the Simplified Chinese Version of the FACT-Hep was carried out. This study was aimed to validate the Chinese FACT-Hep based on Combinations of Classical Test Theory and Generalizability Theory.
Methods

The Chinese Version of FACT-Hep and the QLICP-LI were used to measure QOL three times before and after treatments from a sample of 114 in-patients of hepatocellular carcinoma. The scale were evaluated by indicators such as validity and reliability coefficients Cronbach α, Pearson r, intra-class correlation (ICC), and standardized response mean. The Generalizability Theory (G theory) was also applied to addresses the dependability of measurements and estimation of multiple sources of variance.
Results

The Internal consistency Cronbach’s α coefficients were greater than 0.70 for all domains, and test-retest reliability coefficients for all domains and the overall were greater than 0.80 (exception of emotional Well-being 0.74) with the range from 0.81 to 0.96. G-coefficients and Ф-coefficients confirmed the reliability of the scale further with exact variance components. The domains of PWB, FWB and the overall scale had significant changes after treatments with SRM ranging from 0.40 to 0.69.
Conclusions

The Chinese version of FACT-Hep has good validity, reliability, and responsiveness, and can be used to measure QOL for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in China.
Metabolomics Reveals Ecological Significance of Secondary Metabolites in Scutellaria baicalensis under drought stress.
Authors: Li Bo , Cong Wei , Wang Bin , Du Hongwei , Zhang Ai-hua , Meng Xiang-Cai
Published: May 2020

Background: Plant have to face the more environmental stress than animal which can dodge unfavourable circumstances by moving about, it is inevitable that the reactive oxygen species(ROS), as a product of stress, are massive generated. Excessive ROS with a powerful oxidizability under stress could do harm to the protein, including enzymes. So it is impossible to eliminated too much ROS only by antioxidant enzymes. Plant have evolved a secondary metabolism as peculiar additional pathway, but the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites would be extremely costly due to the consumption of much material and energy during suitable condition, secondary metabolism are augmented only after the stress befall, meaning the secondary metabolites vary according to the ecological environment.Results: Using UHPLC -ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis, a total of 24 differential compounts in root of Scutellaria baicalensis were identified between the drought and suitable condition. Based on Results of t-test analysis（P＜0.05）between various groups, ions whose VIP value ≧2, the most significant differential chemical markers of the drought condition were citric acid, shikimic acid, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin, 3,5,7,2',6'-pentahydroxyflavanone, 5,2',6'-trihydroxy-7,8 -dimethoxyflavone, chrysin, eriodictyol, 5,8-dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy flavone, highlighting that most of them were free flavonoids with many phenolic hydroxyl group of flavonoids, with a characteristic of higher avtivities. Conclusions: The diversity of secondary metabolites plays a crucial role, S. baicalensis modified the ability to eliminate ROS and matained the equilibrium of ROS through the biosynthesis and convertion between these flavonoid which contain many compounts, like an intricate buffer solution.