bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Students’ perceptions with relation to the dental job market
Authors: Melo Costa Simone De , Ferreti Bonan Paulo Rogério , Alves Durães Sarah Jane , Nogueira Guimarães de Abreu Mauro Henrique
Published: February 2021

O trabalho objetivou identificar e analisar as percepções dos acadêmicos da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Unimontes, com relação à Odontologia e o mercado de trabalho. O estudo qualitativo foi realizado com estudantes de todos os períodos do curso, no ano de 2006. A seleção da amostra foi a probabilística casual simples. O método utilizado foi a entrevista semi-estruturada. Há diferentes percepções concernentes ao mercado de trabalho em Odontologia. Percepções negativas como mercado saturado, competitivo, banalizado e concorrência desleal. Em contrapartida, percepções positivas como mercado amplo, carência de profissional especializado, recém-formados empregados e setor público favorecendo o mercado de trabalho. Concluiu-se que, apesar das dificuldades encontradas no atual mercado de trabalho a oferta de empregos no setor público foi percebida como fator facilitador para inserção no mercado de trabalho.
Illustrated Term of Free and Informed Consent
Authors: Araujo Liliana Gonçalves , Guedes Carlos Gramani , Galvão Malthus Fonseca , Pedrosa Sérgio De Freitas
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor o uso do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido Ilustrado (TCLEI), adequado ao Código de Defesa do Consumidor e demais leis aplicáveis, de modo simples para profissionais e acessível aos pacientes. Tendo em vista que nos casos de processos judiciais, o ônus da prova recai sobre os profissionais, cabe a estes a responsabilidade na elaboração e arquivamento dos prontuários. A ocorrência de processos na área, envolvendo tratamentos executados em clínicas de instituições educacionais de graduação e pós-graduação em odontologia, reforça a preocupação dos docentes para a aplicação do TCLEI. A sua utilização no meio acadêmico, visa instruir e preparar os acadêmicos para a vida profissional, assim como resguardar a instituição e os docentes orientadores responsáveis pelo acompanhamento dos pacientes. É comum que pacientes destas instituições tenham dificuldade no entendimento de um termo convencional, apenas textual.
Avaliação da importância do exame clínico para os alunos do curso de graduação da Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos - UNESP
Authors: Marsi Glauber , Mengue Ana Cristina , Bertini Fernanda , Guimarães Cabral Luiz Antônio , Almeida Janete Dias
Published: February 2021

O exame físico e a anamnese são etapas primordiais, além de fundamentais em qualquer área de saúde, caracteres diagnósticos precisos e adequados. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a importância dos dados pelos alunos, quanto ao processo diagnóstico. 150 alunos voluntários foram obtidos através de um questionário, considerando a importância dada ao exame físico pormenorizado e à anamnese. Os resultados foram resultados por estatística descritiva. 45,6% dos voluntários permitidos de fazer algum tipo de pergunta; 3,88% dos alunos do Noturno e 26,21% do Integral não costumam explicar aos seus pacientes a importância da anamnese; sendo que 66,99% dos alunos costumam avaliar o sistema estomatognático como um todo; e somente 47,57% destes sentem-se motivados a realizar o exame físico extra e intrabucal completo nas clínicas.
Learning evaluation conceptions: a study from the perspective of the faculty of the Dentistry Course of the Pará University Center
Authors: Da Silva Jader Moreira , Lúcia Barbosa Seiffert Otília Maria , Pessoa Oscar Faciola
Published: February 2021

ESUMO O propósito deste artigo é apresentar resultados parciais de um estudo sobre concepções e práticas de avaliação de aprendizagem de docentes do Curso de Odontologia do Centro Universitário do Pará - CESUPA. O objetivo principal é analisar as concepções e significados atribuídos pelos docentes às atividades avaliativas discentes. O percurso metodológico compreendeu uma revisão bibliográfica sobre avaliação do processo-ensino aprendizagem, a seleção de depoimentos oriundos de questionário semi-estruturado aplicado junto a 16 docentes do Curso de Odontologia; sistematização, análise e discussão dos resultados, orientadas pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam o predomínio de uma concepção formativa de suas práticas avaliativas, além da presença de uma prática docente mais crítica e transformadora.
The education and learning process as perceived by undergraduate dentistry students
Authors: Saliba Nemre A. , Moimaz Suzely A. S. , Fadel Cristina B. , Bino Livia S.
Published: February 2021

O aprendizado é um processo contínuo que induz o ser humano a adquirir novas condutas de pensamento e comportamento, e a universidade constituise parte essencial dessa constante aprendizagem. Os cursos de Odontologia passam atualmente por um processo de reestruturação para atender às Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. Nesse contexto, a avaliação do ensino assume papel importante, pois fornece informações fundamentais para o processo de readequação do ensino. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os dados da avaliação realizada na Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba-UNESP com relação ao processo ensino-aprendizagem, na percepção dos graduandos (n = 367). Foi utilizado um questionário no qual o aluno expressava suas opiniões de acordo com o grau de concordância, nas categorias: Concorda (C), Indeciso (I) e Discorda (D), sobre informações pertinentes ao objetivo do curso, ensino, aprendizagem, questões psicosociais e ambiente educacional. Os resultados mostraram que para os alunos (75,25%) os objetivos a serem atingidos no curso são bem esclarecidos, o ensino os ajuda a desenvolverem a autoconfiança (70,8%) e os encoraja a serem aprendizes (63,5%). Assim como, consideram (67,5%) estar sendo bem preparados para a profissão. Para grande parte (39,8%) o ensino é centrado no professor e discordam que o tempo de ensino é bem utilizado (49,5%). Conclui-se que o processo ensino-aprendizagem foi satisfatoriamente classificado, no entanto, ressalta-se a necessidade de uma avaliação do papel docente e um melhor aproveitamento do tempo de ensino, proporcionando um ambiente educacional mais motivador e adequado que contribuirá de forma significativa para o aprendizado.
rofile of undergraduate students involved in Scientific Initiation projects in the area of Biochemistry between 2006 and 2008
Authors: Iano Flávia Godoy , Almeida Amanda De Souza , Rabelo Buzalaf Marília Afonso , De Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso
Published: February 2021

A Bioquímica, como outras áreas básicas, tem se desenvolvido de forma muito rápida e a produção desse conhecimento se deve em grande parte à Pós Graduação e à Iniciação Científica (IC). Por isso, nos últimos anos, muitos alunos de graduação têm procurado desenvolver projetos nas disciplinas básicas (histologia, bioquímica, farmacologia e outras), gerando um aumento na procura por projetos de Iniciação Científica. No entanto, o perfil, expectativas e motivações dos alunos que desenvolvem projetos de pesquisa em áreas básicas, bem como qual a visão dos mesmos acerca da contribuição da IC para o seu desenvolvimento acadêmico e profissional não têm sido descritos. Para isso foi proposto um questionário simples, composto de questões de múltipla escolha e questões abertas, que abordaram os motivos que levaram o aluno à procura pelo laboratório de Bioquímica, bem como a visão do aluno acerca da contribuição da experiência advinda da IC para o seu desenvolvimento acadêmico e profissional. Os questionários foram aplicados aos alunos que desenvolveram projetos de IC no Laboratório de Bioquímica do Departamento de Ciências Biológicas da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru – Universidade de São Paulo, no período de 2006-2008. Após a análise dos dados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a uma parcela significativa dos alunos que fazem IC (41%) procura esse tipo de projeto para se diferenciar dos demais alunos da graduação. Segundo os entrevistados os conhecimentos adquiridos durante o processo de pesquisa colaboraram para sua formação profissional (100%) e no processo de aprendizagem como um todo.
Case study as a strategy for teaching and evaluation in the discipline of Public Health at the Dental School of UNIVALI
Authors: Garcia Rubens Nazareno , Da Silveira Emerson , De Matos Cristina Henschel , Mezadri Tatiana , Borba Rosangela Aparecida , Molleri Roberto Rogério , Bueno Raphael Nunes , Neto Mário Uriarte
Published: February 2021

Estudos de caso vêm sendo implantados como prática de ensinagem e avaliação na disciplina Saúde Coletiva do curso de Odontologia da UNIVALI, conjuntamente com os cursos de Enfermagem, Farmácia, Medicina e Nutrição. O objetivo desse estudo é relatar a operacionalização de uma experiência de estudos de caso como forma de ensinagem, avaliação, integração curricular e de ensino-serviço público. A estruturação da proposta aconteceu em quatro etapas, sendo: encontro dos professores da área da saúde coletiva; planejamento docente; aplicação das atividades; e socialização no formato de seminários. Os resultados foram apresentados de duas formas: uma qualitativa informal através do desempenho em grupo nas apresentações dos seminários; e uma quantitativa formal através da avaliação dos portfolios que se apresentaram como facilitadores do processo de aprendizagem ao longo do período. Os resultados sugerem que os estudos de caso podem ser uma excelente ferramenta para ensinagem, avaliação, integração curricular e de ensino-serviço público. Para tanto, as propostas de ação devem ser necessariamente realizadas, sob pena de comprometer todo o processo, além de não contribuir com a efetiva promoção de saúde das famílias envolvidas nos estudos de caso.
The concept of health: perceptions of professors and students of the Dentistry Program of the University of Vale do Itajaí (SC) - UNIVALI
Authors: Bottan Elisabete Rabaldo , Azambuja Gregory Hacke , Silva Marcela Müller , Campos Luciane , Da Silveira Eliane Garcia , Neto Mário Uriarte
Published: February 2021

Analisou-se como docentes e acadêmicos do curso de Odontologia da Univali concebem o termo Saúde. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, do tipo transversal, mediante coleta de dados primários. A populaçãoalvo foram os 62 docentes e os 252 acadêmicos em atuação no primeiro semestre de 2008. A coleta e análise dos dados foram efetuadas com base em procedimentos metodológicos da pesquisa qualitativa, tendo sido adotados os princípios do Teste de Associação Livre de Palavras, tendo como estímulo indutor a expressão saúde. A categoria conceito ampliado de saúde foi a mais suscitada tanto pelos docentes (57,6%) como pelos acadêmicos (52,1%). Muito embora um alto percentual dos entrevistados tenha manifestado uma compreensão ampliada sobre saúde, enfocando a dimensão político-social e a integração da saúde bucal às demais práticas de saúde coletiva, é necessário que se trabalhe com estes sujeitos no sentido de que todos alcancem esta compreensão.
BAHAYA MEROKOK
Authors: Na'u Janilda
Published: February 2021

Merokok membahayakan hampir semua organ tubuh, menimbulkan banyak penyakit dan mempengaruhi kesehatan perokok secara umum. Bila anda berhenti merokok, manfaatnya dapat anda rasakan secara langsung maupun jangka panjang, bagi anda maupun orang-orang yang andacintai.Dalam karya tulis ini akan di bahas seputar hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan rokok dan bagaimana untuk berhenti, dengan harapan semoga apa yang di bahas dalam ini dapat bermanfaat bagi kita semua, serta lebih memahami maksud sang Pencipta untuk selalu hidup sehat.
Enhancing Cosmesis While Achieving High Cure Rates For Early Stage Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer In The Outpatient Dermatology Clinic Using A Novel Non-Invasive Modality
Authors: Yu Lio , Moloney Mairead , Beers Raymond , Serure Donna
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) is generally treated in dermatology offices using surgical techniques.Objectives: We evaluate the feasibility, tolerance, effectiveness and cosmesis using an office-based non-surgical modality for NMSC.Methods: 93 patients with 133 pathologically confirmed early stage invasive and in-situ NMSC lesions treated with Image-Guided Superficial Radiation Therapy (IGSRT) were retrospectively analyzed. All lesions received a median of twenty fractions of 50 or 70 kilovoltage(kV) IGSRT. Energy selection and subsequent kV changes were determined by ultrasound imaging. RTOG toxicity scoring was used. Treatment interruption was defined as greater than 2 weeks. Results: Median age was 69. At an average follow-up of 16.23 months, 92 of 93 patients were alive. One patient expired from unrelated causes while no evidence of disease (NED). 132 of 133 lesions achieved local control (LC) with one lesion recurring at 12.9 months. Absolute LC was 99.2%, overall Kaplan-Meier LC (KM LC) was 98.95% at 30.8 months, and Disease Free Survival (DFS) was 100%. Acute toxicities were mild with RTOG grades 0, 1 or 2 in all lesions with no grade 3 or 4 toxicity. Cosmesis was felt to be excellent or very good (VG) by the clinicians with no fair/poor cosmesis. There were no severe toxicities or complications requiring treatment interruptions.Conclusions: Office based IGSRT is feasible, safe, easily tolerable, and highly effective. Patients receiving IGSRT achieve excellent/VG cosmesis and welcome this nonsurgical option. IGSRT is an attractive non-invasive therapeutic option for NMSC and provides another valuable tool for dermatologists.
Adenylyl cyclase 10 is differentially expressed in the lymph nodes of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that adenylyl cyclase 10, encoded by ADCY10, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. ADCY10 mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of ADCY10 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of ADCY10 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
RASGRP1 is differentially expressed in the lymph nodes of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the RAS guanyl-releasing protein 1, RASGRP1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. RASGRP1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of RASGRP1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient recurrence-free survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of RASGRP1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Barong Brutuk Sebagai Representasi Penciptaan Alam Semesta Dalam Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Desa Terunyan, Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli
Authors: Jayendra Putu Sabda
Published: February 2021

Sasolahan Barong Brutuk merupakan suatu tarian sakran yang ikonik Desa Terunyan, karena tidak ada di daerah lainnya. Barong Brutuk merupakan representasi dari sistem religi dan kearifan lokal masyarakat Desa Terunyan yang begitu kompleks dan sarat pula akan nilai-nilai pendidikan. Melalui Barong Brutuk, dapat dianalisis bahwa tarian ini menggambarkan turunnya dewa-dewa (Turun Hyang) dalam terminologi lokal setempat untuk memberikan anugerah kesuburan, kesejahteraan dan bebas dari malapetaka bagi masyarakat Desa Terunyan. Melalui adegan Metambak yang sejatinya menggambarkan pertemuan Purusa dan Pradhana, dapat diketahui pula bahwa pertemuan dua unsur tersebut menciptakan makrokosmos dan mikrokosmos yang menciptakan pula keteraturan ekosistem dan berdampak pada munculnya pola-pola kebudayaan, sistem pendidikan, hingga pembentukan karakter masyarakat Terunyan yang konservatif dengan kearifan lokalnya dan selaras dengan alam serta lingkungannya.
SOSIALISASI BAHAYA ROKOK GUNA MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN MASYRARAKAT AKAN BESARNYA DAMPAK BURUK ROKOK BAGI KESEHATAN
Authors: areta Lucky ahmad
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAKMerokok merupakan sebuah aktivitas yang kini banyak di gandrungi oleh para remaja kita. Dahulu kala merokok hanyalah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan orang -orang tua. Tapi kini merokok sudah merambah ke dalam kehidupan anak-anak sekolah. Dibalik kenikmatan yang dirasakan oleh para perokok tersebut terdapat bahaya yang sangat mematikan bagi dirinya dan kehidupan masa depannya. Hal inilah yang ingin dicegah melalui sosialisasi ini. Karena apabila Merokok telah menjadi sebuah kebiasaan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat pada umumnya, maka bahaya merokok juga akan mengintai masa depannya. Masa depan perokok akan menjadi suram, lihatlah ketika mereka ketagihan untuk mengkonsumsi sebatang rokok, Jika sudah fatal, maka mereka akan melakukan segala cara untuk dapat menikmati sebatang rokok. Penyakit yang timbul akan tergantung dari kadar zat berbahaya yang terkandung, kurun waktu kebiasaan merokok, dan cara menghisap rokok. Semakin muda seseorang mulai merokok, makin besar risiko orang tersebut mendapat penyakit saat tua.Kata kunci: perokok aktif, kebiasaan, bahaya merokok,
SUMBER POLITIS PANCASILA SEBAGAI IDEOLOGI NEGARA
Authors: Nengsih Selvi Putri
Published: February 2021

Indonesia sebagai negara yang mempunyai dasar Negara yaitu pancasila yang memiliki sebuah arti penting memiliki ideologi. Setiap bangsa dan negara ingin berdiri kokoh, tidak mudah terombang-ambing oleh kerasnya persoalan hidup berbangsa dan bernegara.Tidak terkecuali negara Indonesia. Negara yang ingin berdiri kokoh dan kuat, perlu memiliki ideologi negara yang kokoh dan kuat pula. Tanpa itu, maka bangsa dan negara akan rapuh. Di era yang serba modern ini, makna pancasila sebagai ideologi bangsa dan negara Indonesia sedikit dilupakan oleh sebagian rakyat Indonesia dan digantikan oleh perkembangan tekhnologi yang sangat canggih. Padahal sejarah perumusan Pancasila melalui proses yang sangat panjang dan rumit. Pancasila merupakan kesatuan yang tidak bisa dipisahkan, karena dalam masing-masing sila tidak bisa di tukar tempat atau dipindah. Bagi bangsa Indonesia, pancasila merupakan pandangan hidup bangsa dan negara Indonesia. Mempelajari Pancasila lebih dalam menjadikan kita sadar sebagai bangsa Indonesia yang memiliki jati diri dan harus diwijudkan dalam pergaulan hidup sehari-hari untuk menunjukkan identitas bangsa yang lebih bermatabat dan berbudaya tinggi. Untuk itulah diharapkan dapat menjelaskan Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara, menguraikan nilai- nilai Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara dan karakteristik Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara. Pengetahuan ideologi mempunyai arti tentang gagasan-gagasan. Ideologi secara fungsional merupakan seperangkat gagasan tentang kebaikan bersama atau tentang masyarakat dan negara yang dianggap baik. Ciri-ciri ideologi pancasila merupakan ideologi yang membedakan dengan ideologi yang lainnya. Ciri-ciri tersebut yang pertama adalah Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang berarti pengakuan bangsa Indonesia terhadap Tuhan sebagai pencipta dunia dengan segala isinya.Kedua adalah penghargaan kepada sesama umat manusia, suku bangsa dan bahasanya sesuai dengan Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab, Ketiga adalah bangsa Indonesia menjunjung tinggi persatuan bangsa, keempat adalah bahwa kehidupan kita dalam kemasyarakatan dan bernegara berdasarkan atas sistem demokrasi. Makalah ini juga dapat dijadikan bekal keterampilan agar dapat menganalisis dan bersikap kristis terhadap para petinggi negara yang menyimpang dari Ideologi bangsa dan negara Indonesia.
Plasma konvalesen
Authors: Indraswara Yahya
Published: February 2021

WHO menetapkan pandemi Covid 19 pada tanggal 11 maret 2020 (114 negara), Awal maret (2/3/2020), ditemukan kasus Covid 19 yang pertama di Indonesia, Update per tanggal 22 Jan 2021 (Kemenkes RI, Kompas.com): – Indonesia: Total kasus 965.283, Sembuh 781.147, meninggal 27.203 (34 prop, 510 kab/kota) – Dunia: Total kasus 96,2 jt, sembuh 70,4 jt, meninggal 2,09 jt, kasus aktif: 25,5 jt – Indonesia termasuk no 19 kasus aktif di dunia, no 4 di Asia (tertinggi: India, Turki, Iran kmd Indonesia), Dalam ketiadaan/belum ditentukan protokol pengobatan & pencegahan yang betul-betul efektif, berbagai otoritas pengawasan obat dan makanan serta badan-badan kesehatan dunia ‘memperbolehkan’ pemberian plasma konvalesen pada penderita COVID-19, Namun harus dilakukan dalam konteks UJI KLINIK untuk mendapatkan data yang komprehensif dan konsisten, yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman tatalaksana penyakit ini
Analisis Peningkatan Sikap Remaja dalam Pencegahan HIV / AIDS
Authors: Khansa Shofura Nida
Published: February 2021

Pergaulan bebas pada remaja dapat kembali mempermudah risiko tertular penyakit menular seksual seperti HIV dan AIDS. Hal ini dikarenakan remaja belum memiliki pengetahuan yang benar tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan seks. Informasi yang didapat biasanya berasal dari teman atau media, yang biasanya kurang atau bahkan tidak akurat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui analisis peningkatan sikap remaja dalam pencegahan HIV / AIDS melalui pendidikan Health Award dengan metode peer education pada remaja di kota Kediri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki sikap pencegahan HIV / AIDS sebelum penyuluhan kesehatan berada pada kategori negatif, 100 responden (62,5%) sedangkan mayoritas responden memiliki sikap pencegahan HIV / AIDS setelah penyuluhan kesehatan dalam kategori positif.Kata Kunci: Sikap Remaja, Pencegahan, Sikap, HIV / AIDS.
The selective contribution of the right cerebellar lobule VI to reading
Authors: Li Hehui , Marks Rebecca A. , Liu Lanfang , Zhang Jia , Zhong Hejing , FENG Xiaoxia , Tian Mengyu , Zhang Manli , Yang Xiujie , Liu Li , Meng Xiangzhi , Ding Guosheng
Published: February 2021

The engagement of the cerebellum in reading is not unprecedented. However, it is still unclear which regions in the cerebellum are specifically involved in reading and how the cerebellum processes different languages. With functional magnetic resonance imaging, we compared the cerebellar neural activity of Chinese child learners of English between reading and non-reading tasks to identify functionally specialized areas for reading, and between Chinese characters and English words in a passive viewing paradigm to detect regions sensitive to different scripts. We first focused on the right lobule VI, during which we observed two subregions in the posterior parts of right lobule VI showing greater activation in the reading tasks compared to the non-reading tasks. We then extended the target areas to the whole cerebellum, during which we observed another region, the right lobule VIIIA, demonstrating the same contrast pattern across tasks as the posterior parts of right lobule VI. However, we did not find any cerebellar regions showing significant language effects in terms of cerebellar activation. Instead, we observed that functional connectivity between the posterior part of right lobule VI and the left inferior parietal lobule was significantly greater in English reading compared to Chinese reading. Overall, these results indicate that the posterior part of right lobule VI and the right lobule VIIIA could be reading-specific regions. Even though activation in these two regions may not be able to differentiate scripts in a passive viewing condition, the right lobule VI contributed differently across languages by connecting with different cerebral regions. These findings deepen our understanding of how the cerebellum contributes to reading.
Polygenic Scores for Smoking and Educational Attainment have Independent Influences on Academic Success and Adjustment in Adolescence and Educational Attainment in Adulthood
Authors: Hicks Brian M. , Clark D. Angus , Deak Joseph D. , Schaefer Jonathan , Liu Mengzhen , Jang Seonkyeong , Durbin C. Emily , Johnson Wendy , Wilson Sylia , Iacono William G. , McGue Matt , VRIEZE SCOTT
Published: February 2021

Educational success is associated with greater quality of life and depends, in part, on heritable cognitive and non-cognitive traits. We used polygenic scores (PGS) for smoking—a measure of genetic influences on behavioral disinhibition—and educational attainment to examine different genetic influences on facets of academic adjustment in adolescence and educational attainment in adulthood. PGSs were calculated for participants of the Minnesota Twin Family Study (N = 3225) and included as predictors of grades, academic motivation, and discipline problems at ages 11, 14, and 17 years-old and educational attainment at age 29. Smoking and educational attainment PGSs had significant incremental associations with each academic variable. About half of the adjusted effects of the smoking and educational PGSs on educational attainment at age 29 were mediated by the academic variables in adolescence. Distinct genetic influences related to behavioral disinhibition and educational attainment contribute to academic adjustment in adolescence and educational attainment in adulthood.
Morphological Awareness Test for Reading and Spelling (MATRS): Technical Report
Authors: Apel Kenn , Petscher Yaacov , Henbest Victoria S.
Published: February 2021

We created a comprehensive, reliable, and valid morphological awareness assessment tool for students in grades 1-6: the MATRS (Morphological Awareness Test for Reading and Spelling). We targeted these grades for our project because research has demonstrated significant and sustained growth in morphological awareness across these school years (e.g., Berninger, Abbott, Nagy, & Carlisle 2010) and that morphological awareness interventions in these elementary school years lead to gains in morphological awareness and literacy skills in relatively short amounts of time (e.g., Apel, Brimo, Diehm, & Apel, 2013; Bower, Kirby, & Deacon, 2010; Goodwyn & Ahn, 2013). This technical manual details the results of the project.
Narzędzia informatyczne wykorzystywane w administracji skarbowej i ich wpływ na szczelność systemu podatkowego w Polsce w latach 2015–2019
Authors: Sarnowski Jan , Selera Paweł
Published: February 2021

The article presents the authors’ insights into the tax technology tools used by the Polish tax administration, such as artificial intelligence, algorithms, big data analysis, and other technological solutions to support enforcing tax compliance and prevent fraudulent actions. Without the implementation of these modern tax technologies such spectacular reduction of VAT gap in Poland, reconfirmed recently by the European Commission, would not be possible. Special attention is given to the Polish version of SAF-T and split pay­ment method as crucial tools for detection of tax irregularities. In the second part of the article the authors present, inter alia, the unique Polish Clearing House System STIR which is a system used to process data provided by banks and credit unions with the use of specific algorithms.
Rozwiązania prawne wprowadzone w latach 2015–2019 w Polsce w celu uszczelnienia systemu podatku od towarów i usług – analiza i ocena wpływu na dochody budżetowe, pewność obrotu gospodarczego i koszty prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej
Authors: Nowak Tomasz
Published: February 2021

This paper investigates the effects of legal solutions introduced to the VAT system in Poland in 2015–2019 to prevent VAT fraud, primarily carousel fraud, which caused the so-called tax gap. The article begins with chron­ological presentation of these solutions. In the second part the author formulates the criteria of certainty of business transactions in relation to VAT and on this basis he analyses the presented solutions. Next, he considers the costs incurred by the VAT payer to meet the obligations or requirements established by the introduced regulations. In the final section the effectiveness of the introduced solutions from the point of view of the state budget revenues from VAT is assessed.
Higher education in a time of pandemic
Authors: Vasconcelos Sinaida , Coelho Yuri , Alves Glenda
Published: February 2021

This article presents the results of a study carried out with teachers from Higher Education institutions in the city of Belém, state of Pará, from March to June 2020, a time when Brazil and the whole planet were facing the peak of a pandemic that hit the educational system and drastically impacted educational practices. Thus, the interest in understanding how professors have experienced this moment motivated this investigation, which aimed to analyze the perception of higher education teachers about the experiences and the impact on teaching arising from the implementation of Emergency Remote Teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection and analysis procedures combined qualitative and quantitative techniques. Data collection took place through a standardized online questionnaire with open and closed questions. Thirty-nine professors who gave classes in the remote mode during the COVID-19 pandemic participated in the study. The results revealed the teachers' perception of the multiplicity and diversity of roles they assumed in these times of sanitary urgency. This is so that amid the chaos installed by the lack of planning or training, these education professionals displayed high and continuous capacity for adaptation, creativity and reinvention of, in spite of the obligation imposed by the functional condition of the respondents - teachers from private higher education institutions in Belém.
Distantes, mas não invisíveis
Authors: Lacerda Luiz Eduardo Macedo de , Gonçalves Isabela Cristina Brito , Porto de Oliveira Caroline , Christo Miyahira Igor
Published: February 2021

Atualmente, o meio ambiente, em especial os rios e córregos, tem passado por diversos processos de degradação. Uma das formas de avaliar esses impactos nos corpos hídricos é a aplicação de Protocolo de Avaliação Rápida (PAR). O PAR consiste na utilização de parâmetros ambientais, usualmente analisados in loco e pontuados de acordo com o estado de conservação do rio. Contudo, durante este período de afastamento social imposto pela COVID-19, a avaliação presencial não é recomendada. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo instrumentalizar docentes de diferentes níveis de ensino, e demais público interessado, para avaliação de rios e córregos em tempos de pandemia e pós-pandemia e sensibilizar a comunidade escolar da importância dos corpos hídricos. A partir da literatura de referência, o protocolo presencial foi adaptado para uma atividade remota (PAR-Virtual). A ferramenta Google Earth foi escolhida como Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), utilizando o Street View para captura de imagens. Como resultado, o presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta metodológica para avaliação de rios e córregos de forma virtual. O PAR-Virtual consiste em: apresentação aos discentes; Seleção de imagens no Google Earth; Aplicação do protocolo; Discussão dos resultados e Formulação de um plano de ação. A atividade proposta integra uma série de conhecimentos no âmbito das Ciências e da Educação Ambiental para ser aplicada nos diferentes níveis do ensino. Tal processo de avaliação, desenvolvido de forma participativa e dialógica, promove o protagonismo do aluno e estimula a proposição de medidas transformadoras da realidade local.
FACTORS OF ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY IN THE PROCESS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: BURKYNSKYI B.V. , GRYSHCHENKO V.F.
Published: February 2021

Topicality. The urgency of our research is due to the fact that business security management creates a basis for innovative development of entrepreneurship. Ensuring economic security is a factor of innovative development of entrepreneurship, of advanced business management techniques using, of business efficiency increasing, and the world's production quality standards achieving.
Aim and tasks. The main purpose of the research is to develop theoretical and scientific-methodological statements for improving the business security management as a part of the process of innovative development of entrepreneurship in the context of ensuring the protection of all systems of the business entity from destructive influences, both internal and external factors, threats and dangers.
Research results. The idea is substantiated that business security management is designed to promote the continuity of the process of identifying critical, in terms of innovative development, assets and possible threats to these assets, as well as reducing any vulnerabilities through careful analysis and implementation of effective countermeasures to achieve an optimal level of protection of critical assets. It is established that regardless of the type of organization, in the assessment of existing threats and dangers to the innovative development of entrepreneurship should be indicated: firstly, which critical assets of the business entity need protection; secondly, what type of information and what means are needed to protect each asset; finely, how the loss, damage, or destruction of a critical asset will affect the innovative development of the business entity and its mission. The results indicate that the business security management should include: firstly, assessment of threats and dangers to innovative business development; secondly, vulnerability assessment and risk assessment, which allow decision-makers to ensure the economic security of business activities, to give priority to asset protection protocols; and finally, specific recommendations on how to block opportunities for enemy attacks and how to protect specific assets in terms of innovative development.
Conclusion. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that in the context of innovative development the business security management is the key to the long-term existence of economic entities and the formation of competitive advantages of their products in the market of goods and services. Business security management helps to eliminate additional threats and dangers that may be associated with innovative business development. Thus, only effective management of business security can guarantee the protection of all the business entity systems from destructive influences, both internal and external factors, to prevent and eliminate threats, contributing to the continuity of innovative development.
Rethinking Islamic Pedagogy: The Interface of Theology and Tafsīr
Authors: Rahman Shahin
Published: February 2021

This article explores the conception of knowledge in two distinct yet related disciplines of the Islamic sciences–namely, theology and Qurʾānic exegesis. As this article is both a historical and an educational enquiry, it adopts an interdisciplinary approach in offering a critical analysis of the pedagogies through which Muslim scholars attained and transmitted such knowledge during the first few centuries of Islam. Its findings suggest that both disciplines ought to be studied in light of one another in a way that is relevant to the learners’ own contexts. The paper concludes by offering new perspectives in developing curricula for both disciplines in line with educational pedagogic research.
ضمانات تطبيق مبدأ الإجراءات الاحترازية في النزاعات المسلحة
Authors: عبد الحكيم شهاب أحمد
Published: February 2021

تعاني أحكام القانون الدولي عامة من إشكالية الفاعلية ومدى قدرة قواعد هذا القانون من فرض احترامه على المخاطبين بأحكامه، وحرصاً على تطبيق الإجراءات الاحترازية في النزاعات المسلحة فقد شرع القانون الدولي مجموعة من الضمانات الدولية والوطنية والتي تهدف لوضع قواعد القانون الدولي الإنساني موضع التنفيذ والرقابة على تنفيذها، ولعل أهم هذه الضمانات هي المنظمات الدولية، خاصةً اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر باعتبارها المراقب العام لتطبيق قواعد القانون الدولي الإنساني وفقاً لتفويض المجتمع الدولي واتفاقيات جنيف. بالإضافة للقضاء الدولي والوطني باعتباره من أهم ضمانات تطبيق قواعد القانون الدولي الإنساني. وتهدف الدراسة لتحليل وتقييم دور كلاً من اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر، والقضاء الدولي والوطني كضمانة لتطبيق مبدأ الإجراءات الاحترازية، وتتمحور إشكالية الدراسة حول تحليل وتقييم دور كلًا من اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر، والقضاء الدولي والوطني كضمانة لتطبيق مبدأ الإجراءات الاحترازية في النزاعات المسلحة، وإثراءً للدراسة فقد تناول الباحث بعض تطبيقات الإجراءات الاحترازية وقواعد الحظر في الشريعة الإسلامية. وتتبع الدراسة منهجية تحليلية في استعراض في التشريعات والاتفاقيات الدولية واستقصاء الشواهد التاريخية. وخلصت الدراسة لمجموعة من النتائج أهمها: تضطلع اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر بدور هام في الرقابة على تطبيق مبدأ الإجراءات الاحترازية والرقابة عليه، بالإضافة للقضاء الدولي ممثلاً بالمحكمة الجنائية الدولية، والقضاء الوطني حال الانضمام لاتفاقيات جنيف ومواءمة التشريعات الوطنية معها. كما خلصت الدراسة لمجموعة من التوصيات أهمها: أهمية مواءمة تشريعات كافة الدول مع الاتفاقيات الدولية ذات الصلة بالإجراءات الاحترازية، وضرورة خضوع انتهاكات مبدأ الإجراءات الاحترازية وقواعد الحظر الشخصي والمادي للقانون الدولي الإنساني للاختصاص القضائي العالمي الإجباري أو الإلزامي، وعدم حصره في محكمة معينة.
Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Kumar Priyatham
Published: February 2021

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is considered a group of genetic red blood cell (RBC) disorders. Healthy red blood cells (RBC) are round in shape and migrates throughout the body to carry oxygen in the small blood vessels. In SCD, the RBC turns into hard and sticky, and the shape is similar to a C-Shaped tool called "SICKLE." Because of the early death of the sickle cells, a constant shortage of red blood cells arises. Because of the typical shape of the sickle cells, their movement in the blood vessel is not as smooth as normal RBC and get stuck and clog the blood flow leading to anemia. The changes in shape make the cells more easily destroyed, causing anemia. Defective hemoglobin is the primary cause of SCD.
Chemical Evaluation of Proximate, Vitamin and Amino Acid Profile of Leaf, Stem Bark and Root of Indigofera Tinctoria
Authors: J.O Alagbe,
Published: February 2021

Medicinal plants contain substances with high therapeutic value because they contain multiple bioactive chemicals. Chemical analysis of Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots was evaluated. The result revealed that proximate composition of Indigofera tinctoria leaves contained 12.49 % moisture content (M.C), 87.51 % dry matter (DM), 30.53 % crude protein (CP), 19.02 % crude fibre (CF), 2.44 % ether extract (EE), 13.86 % ash, 36.59 % carbohydrate (CHO) and 254.1 kcal/100g energy (ME). Indigofera tinctoria stem bark contained M.C (6.40 %), DM (93.60 %), CP (5.11 %), CF (54.49 %), EE (2.00 %), ash (10.42 %), CHO (29.98 %) and ME (156.0 kcal/100g). Indigofera tinctoria roots contained MC, DM, CP, CF, EE, ash, CHO and ME at 10.04 %, 89.60 %, 8.22 %, 40.88 %, 1.21 %, 8.43 %, 42.47 % and 210.0 kcal/100g respectively. Vitamin analysis showed that Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots contained β- carotene (8.45, 2.88 and 5.11 mg/100 g), Vitamin B1 (1.94, 0.33 and 1.00 mg/100 g), Vitamin B2 (0.71, 0.21 and 0.50 mg/100 g), Vitamin B3 (0.66, 0.34 and 0.48 mg/100 g), Vitamin B6 (0.32, 0.21 and 0.30 mg/100 g), Vitamin B7 (0.63, 0.01 and 0.16 mg/100 g), Vitamin B9 (0.26, 0.10 and 0.18 mg/100 g), Vitamin B12 (0.21, 0.03 and 0.10 mg/100 g), Vitamin C (14.0, 3.56 and 9.44 mg/100 g), Vitamin D (0.10, 0.01 and 0.06 mg/100 g) and Vitamin K (0.17, 0.07 and 0.12 mg/100 g). Amino acid analysis revealed the presence of threonine, leucine, lysine, valine, tryptophan, glycine, phenylalanine, histidine, methionine, alanine, serine, proline, aspartate, glutamic acid, tryrosine and cysteine in Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots at (7.65 %, 1.22 % and 3.03 %), (5.76, 1.09 % and 2.46 %), (3.11 %, 1.21% and 2.00 %), (7.21 %, 3.53 % and 4.09 %), (1.45%, 0.03% and 1.00 %), (4.76 %, 0.08 % and 2.33 %), (6.33 %, 2.45 % and 3.49 %), (7.42 %, 2.00 % and 3.00 %), (3.49 %, 0.01 % and 2.00 %), (2.41 %, 0.56 % and 1.20 %), (5.23 %, 1.22 % and 1.76 %), (2.87 %, 0.57 % and 1.00 %), (5.32 %, 2.11 % and 3.56 %), (9.66 %, 4.21 % and 5.11 %), (2.45 %, 0.57 % and 1.67 %) and (1.85 %, 0.81 % and 0.89 %) respectively. It was concluded that Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots are loaded with significant quantity of nutrients, vitamins and amino acid (leaves ˃ roots ˃ stem bark).
Standardized Plant Immunomodulator Increases the Effect of MEK and BRAF Inhibitors with Clinical Benefit. Case Report of a Patient with Carcinoma in Biliary Duct
Authors: Hajto Tibor
Published: February 2021

Background: Targeting hyperactive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade has proven to be an effective treatment for a variety of different cancers. Using an important member of this cascade, namely MEK (mitogen-activated extracellular signal regulation kinase) inhibitors, the clinical responses are often transient and complete remission is rarely observed. It was shown that growth factor receptor signaling pathway inhibitors can increase the immune sensitivity of tumor cells but they can’t activate the down regulated immune effectors. Consequently, the combination of MAPK cascade signaling pathway inhibitors and the immune effectors activating immunomodulators may be a promising new strategy. Material and Methods: In a now 59 years old patient with inoperable (BRAF-mutant) low differentiated adenocarcinoma of biliary ducts after 30GY radiotherapy and two cycles (Gemcitabin+ Cisplatin) chemotherapy a rapid progression of lung, liver and brain metastases were by CT and MR established. A treatment was tarted with BRAF+MEK inhibitors (2x150 mg dabrafenib and 1 x 2 mg trametinib). These inhibitors were combined with daily 45 mg/kg rice bran arabinoxylan concentrate (using Biobran/MGN-3) which was shown to be a pathogenic associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-like molecule and can stimulate the type-1 innate immune cells against tumor cells. Results: After the chemotherapy and before the start of second-line treatment, the patient had a nearly terminal state of her rapidly progressive disease. Eight months after the combination of MEK / BRAF inhibitor and immunomodulator therapy nearly complete remissions of all metastases were established in CT and MR. Conclusion: This case report may support a hypothesis that MEK/BRAF inhibitors and type-1 immune cells activating immunomodulators together may synergistically inhibit the tumor growth. Further clinical investigations are necessary to clarify this question.
Behavioural intention to use accounting application: perceived ease of use as mediating variable
Authors: Ilona Desi , Zaitul
Published: February 2021

This study investigates the role of perceived ease of use as an intervening variable between two external factors from the technology acceptance model (TAM) and Accounting application (MYOB) usage intention. This paper broadened TAM by enhancing external factors: performance expectancy and effort expectancy. Seventy-nine accounting students responded in this study. Employing Structural Equation Model (SEM-PLS) concludes that perceived ease of use fully intercedes the connection between effort expectancy and MYOB usage intention. Besides, perceived ease of use also intervenes the association between performance expectancy and intention to use MYOB accounting application. However, the type of mediation is complimentary mediation. The practical and theoretical implication is discussing in this paper.
STUDENTS' DİFFİCULTİES İN THE FİELD OF CHEMİCAL KİNETİCS İN SECONDARY SCHOOLS AND METHODOLOGİCAL PRİNCİPLES OF THEİR ELİMİNATİON
Authors: Nuriyeva M.
Published: February 2021

In the article the main purpose is the development of new teaching methods that meet the learning difficulties in the field of chemical kinetics, which has been considered the most pressing problem in the teaching process of chemistry in secondary schools during recent years. Thus, in the article, in the direction of overcoming these difficulties in secondary schools, research-based criteria have been highlighted for selecting new pedagogical experiments by researching new methodological principles intended to be used in the teaching prosess of topics related to chemical kinetics with the application of modern training technologies and also the scheme reflecting the modeling methodology of the teaching process of chemical kinetics.
ОБЗОР ПРАКТИЧЕСКИХ И ИДЕЙНЫХ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЙ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ ПРИРОДЫ ЗАПУТАННЫХ СОСТОЯНИЙ МАКРОСКОПИЧЕСКИХ ОБЪЕКТОВ
Authors: Vasilief S.
Published: February 2021

Развивается теория особой памяти δM и запутанных состояний (ЗС). Практические и идейные её последствия таковы: основы теории оперативной эволюции живых объектов; δM распространена и должна учитываться повсеместно; информационные воздействия способны приводить к физико-химическим, биофизическим и биохимическим изменениям; существует информационный резонанс; теория даёт понимание воздействий мысли и эффекта толпы или стада; обоснование реальности действий инфолекарств и срока их годности; удалённый мониторинг и прогнозирование солнечных вспышек, землетрясений и т.д.; условия возникновения ЗС.
ЗАГАДКИ ДОДИНАСТИЧЕСКОЙ ПЕТРОГЛИФИКИ С ПОПРАВКОЙ НА КЛИМАТ И ГИДРОЛОГИЮ: ЛОДКИ (И РЕКИ?) В ВЕРХНЕЕГИПЕТСКИХ ВОСТОЧНЫХ ВАДИ
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Proussakov Dimitry B.
Published: February 2021

Prehistoric rock drawings of large boats in wadis of the central Eastern Desert, Egypt, divided their investigators into two main groups with quite different views about their origins and cultural affiliation. One of the groups (P. Červiček et al.) insisted on ‘religious’ (cultic, magic, etc.) nature of these petroglyphs attributing them to local traditions but actually tearing away from the reality, primarily on the ground that boats could have never come to be in the desert many tens of kilometers from both the Nile and the Red Sea. Another one, following ideas of W. M. Flinders Petrie, interpreted these boat images as ships of a ‘Dynastic Race’ of oversea invaders who conquered Egypt and consolidated her under their power. This hypothesis, once disapproved by most of archaeologists and Egyptologists, has recently acquired many new adherents; it assumes, in particular, the most real rivers to have flown at the time of the earliest boat petroglyphs (5th to 4th Millennia B.C.) along Wadi Hammamat and Wadi Barramiya, where short routes pass from the Red Sea coast to the Nile. Even rejecting Petrie’s ‘diffusionistic’ version on the whole, one cannot ignore the palaeogeographical fact that the climate of Predynastic Egypt was moist, characterized by monsoon rains which, in combination with geomorphology of the Eastern Desert, could only have favoured here in the period under consideration the formation of regular tributaries of the Nile.