bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Graphene-Based Materials for Application in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Patel Viral , Mehta Tejal , Rajput Mithun Singh , Patel Ravish , Hariharan Kartik
Published: August 2024

The surge in morbidity and death rates among patients suffering from cancer
call for innovation towards efficient therapeutic strategies. Conventional therapy fails
to treat cancer or to provide prolonged survival rate due to its toxic side effects on
normal cells and lack of target specificity. In recent years, 2D materials (graphene and
graphene analogues) have gained remarkable attention owing to their intriguing
potential for therapeutic and targeted delivery in cancer theranostics. Due to their
tunable physicochemical properties, π-π conjugated structure, optical characteristics,
modifiable active moieties, strong photothermal effect, high compatibility, and ease of
fabrication, graphene-based materials are highly suited for cancer treatment. This book
chapter meticulously discusses the synthesis, modifications, and biomedical
applications of graphene-based materials, explicitly focusing on graphene oxide (GO)
and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The authors detail the various methods for
synthesizing GO and rGO, their physicochemical properties, and how these properties
can be tailored for specific applications in drug delivery systems for cancer therapy.
Notably, this work highlights the versatility of GO and rGO in enhancing the solubility
and efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, supported by examples such as the improved
solubility of doxorubicin and the use of graphene for targeted drug delivery, which
leverages the nano-scale properties of graphene for effective cancer treatment. By
compiling and synthesizing recent research findings, the chapter is a valuable resource
for nanotechnology and biomedical sciences researchers, providing a solid foundation
for future studies and technological advancements in using graphene-based materials
for cancer therapy. This work underscores the critical advancements in graphene
technology and its promising future in medical applications, especially in enhancing
the effectiveness and safety of cancer treatments.
2D Graphene for Tissue Engineering Advances and Perspectives
Authors: Singh Pragati , Bhatt Shalini , Faridi Neha , Gangwar Lokesh Kumar
Published: August 2024

In recent years, there has been a surge in research studies exploring the
potential of graphene-based materials for scaffold fabrication, with a particular
emphasis on harnessing their exceptional properties such as high mechanical strength
and high surface area. Significant advancements in tissue engineering have led to the
development of innovative tools for creating artificial biotherapeutics. Among these,
graphene-based composites have emerged as a thriving area of research in tissue
engineering and regenerative medicine. The exceptional mechanical and cell-oriented
properties of graphene have positioned it at the forefront of tissue engineering
applications, encompassing various body systems such as nerve connections, the
cardiovascular system, the skeletal system, cartilage, skin, and more. This chapter aims
to succinctly explore the applications of graphene and its derivatives in tissue
engineering, considering tissue engineering as a pinnacle of human-made
biotherapeutics with immense therapeutic potential. Additionally, the prospects
associated with the utilization of graphene-based composite scaffold materials have
been reviewed in depth, providing valuable insights and a broad perspective on their
application in tissue engineering.
Introduction to Piezoelectric Perovskites
Authors: Dhanda Neetu , Thakur Preeti , Thakur Atul
Published: August 2024

Perovskite (Calcium titanium oxide), which was discovered in 1839 by
Perovski, a Russian mineralogist, has some favorable photophysical characteristics that
enable perovskite and its nanocrystals to be used in the field of biomedical research.
Presently, perovskites are being explored for various medical applications, including
X-ray detection and imaging, cancer treatment, orthopedic implants and as
antimicrobial agents. Advancements in nanocrystal research allowed the exploration of
perovskites for their antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity against Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The antibacterial activity of
several perovskite nanoparticles was explored, and to mention a few, Cesium lead
bromide and zinc oxide perovskite nanoparticles showed activity against Escherichia
coli, while Lanthanum potassium ferrate and silver-based perovskites against
Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This chapter will review the
potential research studies that explored the anti-microbial activity of perovskites and
their nanoparticles against bacteria, viruses, fungi and other microorganisms and
provide insight into the mechanisms by which these particles exert antimicrobial
action. Further, this chapter will discuss the potential biomedical applications of the
antimicrobial activity of perovskites.
Techniques for the Synthesis of Piezoelectric Perovskites
Authors: Jasrotia Rohit , Himanshi  , Prakash Jyoti , Kandwal Abhishek
Published: August 2024

Perovskite structures have strong piezoelectric properties, making them
suitable for a wide range of applications such as sensors, energy harvesting devices and
actuators. The chapter examines numerous synthesis procedures, including coprecipitation, hydrothermal, solid-state reaction, the Pechini process, sol-gel autocombustion, low temperature, and pulsed-laser decomposition. Each technique's
principles, benefits, limits, and special concerns are given, along with instances of
successful perovskite synthesis. Furthermore, the chapter examines current advances
and upcoming trends in the area, offering insights into the future direction of
piezoelectric perovskite synthesis.
Structural Analysis of Piezoelectric Perovskite Materials
Authors: Singh Anu , Verma Ritesh , Thakur Preeti , Thakur Atul , Wan Fayu
Published: August 2024

Perovskite (Calcium titanium oxide)was discovered in 1839 by Alekseevich
Perovski, a Russian mineralogist. Perovskites are materials with the same structure as
calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3
) mineral or you can say that all the materials with the
same structure as CaTiO3
are perovskites. The basic structure of perovskite is ABX3
,
where the A-site is generally occupied by large twelve coordinated cations and B by
smaller, octahedrally coordinated cations, and X is a common anion, for instance,
Oxygen. A cation is divalent and B is tetravalent cation. Tilting of BO6
octahedra
through B-O-B linkage results in rhombohedral, orthorhombic and tetragonal
structures. The structure of perovskites can be modified by doping and altering
synthesis techniques, such as by changing pH value, calcination temperature, and
calefactive velocity. Perovskite materials have a wide range of applications in different
fields, such as solar cells, photodetectors, sensors, water purification, etc
Perovskites as Biocompatible Materials
Authors: Suhag Deepa , Kharb Moni , Wang Hui-Min David , Thakur Preeti , Thakur Atul
Published: August 2024

Perovskite inorganic perovskite-type oxides are intriguing nanomaterials
with numerous uses in electrochemical sensing, fuel cells, and catalysis. Because they
are catalytic when employed as electrode modifiers, perovskites made at the nanoscale
have recently attracted a lot of attention. These oxides have stronger catalytic activity
than many compounds made of transition metals and even some oxides of precious
metals. They display desirable physical and chemical properties like electronic
conductivity, electrical activity, oxygen content variations, mobility of oxide ions
through the crystal lattice, thermal and chemical stability, and super-magnetic,
photocatalytic, thermoelectric, and dielectric properties. In oxygen reduction and
hydrogen evolution events, nano-perovskites have been used as catalysts because they
have strong electrocatalytic activity, low activation energy, and strong electron transfer
kinetics. Additionally, some perovskites provide good prospects for the production of
efficient anodic catalysts with high catalytic performance for direct fuel cells. They can
improve the performance of the catalytic process in terms of selectivity, sensitivity,
exceptional long-term stability, good repeatability, and interference-fighting capacity.
Perovskite Sensors to Monitor Physical Health
Authors: Pathania Abhilash , Radhakrishnan Arunkumar , Ravelo Blaise , Wan Fayu , Thakur Preeti , Thakur Atul
Published: August 2024

Due to its one-of-a-kind qualities, such as high sensitivity, cheap cost, and
simplicity of manufacture, perovskite sensors have shown a lot of potential in the field
of monitoring a person's physical health. This is especially true in light of recent
research. This is due to the fact that producing perovskite sensors is a straightforward
and low-cost process. In this chapter, an investigation is conducted into the potential
uses of perovskite sensors in the realm of medical care. The application of perovskite
sensors in the monitoring of vital signs, the detection of biomarkers, and the
incorporation of such capabilities into wearable devices is receiving a lot of attention at
the moment. This article delves further into the fundamentals of how perovskite sensors
function, the many methods of their manufacture, as well as the difficulties and
opportunities associated with using these sensors in medical settings. This chapter will
throw light on the prospects that have surfaced in the area of perovskite sensors for
monitoring physical health, as well as the improvements that have been achieved in the
field of perovskite sensors. This chapter will shed light on the advances that have been
made, which is the primary goal of the chapter.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Influenza Hospital Admissions and Deaths in Wales: Descriptive National Time Series Analysis
Authors: Alsallakh Mohammad , Adeloye Davies , Vasileiou Eleftheria , Sivakumaran Shanya , Akbari Ashley , Lyons Ronan A , Robertson Chris , Rudan Igor , Davies Gwyneth A , Sheikh Aziz
Published: August 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing implementation of control measures caused widespread societal disruption. These disruptions may also have affected community transmission and seasonal circulation patterns of endemic respiratory viruses.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19–related disruption on influenza-related emergency hospital admissions and deaths in Wales in the first 2 years of the pandemic.

Methods

A descriptive analysis of influenza activity was conducted using anonymized pathology, hospitalization, and mortality data from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank in Wales. The annual incidence of emergency hospitalizations and deaths with influenza-specific diagnosis codes between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021, was estimated. Case definitions of emergency hospitalization and death required laboratory confirmation with a polymerase chain reaction test. Trends of admissions and deaths were analyzed monthly and yearly. We conducted 2 sensitivity analyses by extending case definitions to include acute respiratory illnesses with a positive influenza test and by limiting admissions to those with influenza as the primary diagnosis. We also examined yearly influenza testing trends to understand changes in testing behavior during the pandemic.

Results

We studied a population of 3,235,883 Welsh residents in 2020 with a median age of 42.5 (IQR 22.9–61.0) years. Influenza testing in Wales increased notably in the last 2 months of 2020, and particularly in 2021 to 39,720 per 100,000 people, compared to the prepandemic levels (1343 in 2019). The percentage of influenza admissions matched to an influenza polymerase chain reaction test increased from 74.8% (1890/2526) in 2019 to 85.2% (98/115) in 2021. However, admissions with a positive test per 100,000 population decreased from 17.0 in 2019 to 2.7 and 0.6 in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Similarly, deaths due to influenza with a positive influenza test per 100,000 population decreased from 0.4 in 2019 to 0.0 in 2020 and 2021. Sensitivity analyses showed similar patterns of decreasing influenza admissions and deaths in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions

Nonpharmaceutical interventions to control COVID-19 were associated with a substantial reduction in the transmission of the influenza virus, with associated substantial reductions in hospital cases and deaths observed. Beyond the pandemic context, consideration should be given to the role of nonpharmaceutical community-driven interventions to reduce the burden of influenza.
Unveiling the Mechanisms of Online Health Rumor Dissemination: The Effects of Content Feature and Presentation Cues (Preprint)
Authors: Wu You , Zhang Xing
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

The proliferation of online communities has significantly amplified the volume and spread of health rumors. In the absence of authoritative voices, users may unconsciously become disseminators of medically unsound information. Consequently, there is an urgent need to investigate the factors driving the dissemination of online health rumors.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigates how content feature (i.e., emotional valence) and presentation cues (i.e., rumor length and image presence) of online health rumors influence users’ perceived credibility and dissemination intention, aiming to uncover the mechanisms driving rumor propagation and offer insights for mitigating health rumors

METHODS

This study conducted two experiments. In Experiment 1, a 2x2 between-subjects design was used to examine the effects of emotional valence (dread rumors vs. wish rumors) and image presence (image present vs. image absent). Then, Experiment 2 introduced rumor length as an additional factor to explore the interaction effects between rumor length, image presence and emotional valence.

RESULTS

The findings indicate that dread rumors, long rumors and those accompanied by images are perceived as more credible. Furthermore, the three-way interaction between rumor length, image presence, and emotional valence exerts a significant effect on perceived credibility. Additionally, perceived credibility serves as a mediator between emotional valence and dissemination intention, as well as presentation cues and dissemination intention. Moreover, personal involvement strengthens the link between perceived credibility and dissemination intention, while health anxiety weakens it.

CONCLUSIONS

This study deepens the theoretical understanding of online health rumor dissemination by highlighting the complex interaction effects between content feature (i.e., emotional valence) and presentation cues (i.e., rumor length and image presence) on perceived credibility and dissemination intention. The findings also offer practical guidance for platform managers on how to effectively monitor and intervene in the spread of health rumors.
Pedophilia Pedosexual Behaviour, Psychological, Political and Legal Aspects
Authors: Langfeldt Thore
Published: August 2024

Analysis of the concept pedophilia and orientation demonstrated that these concepts are not derived from biological and medical science, but to social actions against our religious and legal repression of homosexual acts in the Jewish and especially later in the Christian culture. The findings require a completely new understanding in how we manage these concepts. How we use these terms today is a danger to legal certainty, research and therapy.
Self-Focused Attention and Social Anxiety: The Mediating Role of Control
Authors: Beiying Liu
Published: August 2024

Objective: To study the relationship between control, self-focused attention (self-consciousness), and social anxiety. Methods: A total of 100 online questionnaires were distributed and collected, utilizing the Self-Consciousness Scale, Shapiro Control Questionnaire, and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale. A mediating relationship model was constructed. Results: Social anxiety had a significant negative correlation with control and a significant positive correlation with public self-consciousness, but no significant correlation with private self-consciousness. Control partially mediated the relationship between public self-consciousness and social anxiety and masked the relationship between private self-consciousness and social anxiety. Conclusion: The higher the level of public self-consciousness, the more severe the individual’s social anxiety, with control playing a mediating role between public self-consciousness and social anxiety. There is no significant relationship between private self-consciousness and social anxiety; however, control has a masking effect on this relationship.
The Manhaj of Muhammadiyah Progressive Islam: Theological, Philosophical, and Ethical Perspectives
Authors: Abdullah M. Amin
Published: August 2024

This article examines the Progressive Islamic Manhaj initiated by Muhammadiyah as Indonesia's largest modern Islamic organization. The method or manhaj was formulated by Muhammadiyah as a serious effort to transform Islamic movements and thoughts that are modern and responsive to the development of the times. In its review, this study complements its discussion with theological, philosophical, and ethical perspectives in viewing and providing answers to various contemporary social, political, and religious problems that are increasingly complicated. Moreover, the urgency of the Muhammadiyah Progressive Islamic Manhaj is needed to respond to the invitation to religion in a strict, rigid, narrow, and closed manner carried out by certain groups in the name of religion, both orally, in writing, and creative approaches on social media. This research article uses a descriptive analysis method for various socio-theological problems faced by the Muslim community in Indonesia. Then, this article would like to explain a vital approach initiated by Muhammadiyah, namely the Progressive Islamic Manhaj, by updating the interpretation of the five main principles of maqāṣid sharī‘ah as a solution to contribute to the solution of various socio-religious problems. In the end, this study concludes that it is essential for Muhammadiyah to reform the basic epistemology of Islamic legal thought, especially those related to social life at large, especially with the spread of procedural reasoning religious perspectives or al-‘aql al-ijrā’ī in Fiqh and Kalām and legal-formal religious fatwa reasoning or al-‘aql al-iftā’ī, which seems to close the meetings of the universal values of humanity listed in the Qur'an.
THE CONCEPT OF HAPPINESS IN GIVING ALMS ACCORDING TO THE QUR'AN FROM A RELIGIOUS PSYCHOLOGY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul
Published: August 2024

The path to achieving happiness in life of each individual has its own uniqueness and way. Many feel happy but there is still a sense of anxiety in their hearts, happy simply because the happiness they get is not the ultimate happiness. In Islam, the real happiness is the happiness of ma'rifatullah. One way to get it is to give alms to others in need. Happiness is achieved by abstinence from various physical pleasures. Those who have attained a high level of holiness are the ones who obtain good fortune and happiness. The research used in this study is a type of literature study research with a qualitative descriptive analysis approach. The data sources used in this study are secondary data sources. The result of this research is that to achieve true happiness, humans can establish a good relationship with the Creator, one of which is by giving alms with the intention of lillah (because of Allah) not because they want to be seen or known by others. According to religious psychology, happiness can be achieved by getting closer to Allah such as self-muhasabah, gratitude, and almsgiving.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGIOSITY AND EMOTIONAL REGULATION IN HIGH SCHOOL (SMA) STUDENTS IN BANDA ACEH
Authors: Bustamam Nurbaity , Nisyah Cut Chairun , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Published: August 2024

Emotional regulation is a way to assess, deal with, manage and express emotions in certain situations. The factor that influences emotional regulation in individuals is religiosity. A person who has religiosity involves religion in behaving and taking action, so that it has an effect on controlling his emotions. This research aims to describe religiosity and emotional regulation, as well as to see the relationship between religiosity and emotional regulation in high school students. Research respondents involved 364 students selected from five high schools in Banda Aceh City. Samples were collected using random sampling techniques with the Slovin formula, data collection used a Likert scale of religiosity and emotional regulation. The research results show that the correlation coefficient (r) between the variables studied is 0.721, which indicates a strong correlation between religiosity and emotional regulation. This finding can be interpreted as the higher the religiosity, the higher the student's emotional regulation and vice versa.
Propuesta educativa para custodiar el patrimonio cultural del valle de Floresta a partir del turismo local
Authors: Vargas Vargas José Libardo
Published: August 2024

El propósito del artículo es presentar algunos avances obtenidos de la investigación “Tras las huellas de nuestros ancestros” en el municipio de Floresta, partiendo de una observación teórica histórica, dónde se resaltan brevemente los diferentes acontecimientos históricos del municipio de Floresta desde el génesis de la vida hasta nuestros días; los métodos de investigación en campo a partir del modelo de investigación etnográfica y resultados de la investigación con la implementación de los instrumentos de recolección de información como la observación documental, la observación participante y la entrevista estructurada, que soportan el objetivo de la iniciativa investigativa, la cual se enfoca en conservar y divulgar el patrimonio cultural y ecosistémica del municipio de Floresta para la generación de desarrollo económico.
Does Discussing Audit Procedures in Critical Audit Matter Calibrate Financial Reporting Risk Assessments?
Authors: Boo El’fred , Low Kin Yew , Shankar Premila Gowri , Tan Hun-Tong
Published: August 2024

SYNOPSIS

We examine in a controlled experiment whether discussing audit procedures that address a complex investment valuation issue in the critical audit matter (CAM) paragraph of the auditor’s report calibrates sophisticated users’ financial reporting risk (FRR) assessments. Our findings support this calibrating effect, that is, minimizing shifts in their risk assessments before versus after the realization of the risk event (i.e., a significant decline in the fair value of investments pre-empted earlier in the CAM disclosures). Minimizing large swings in users’ risk perceptions is an important consideration to the profession to minimize negative surprises and audit litigation. Our results support standard-setters’ views that discussing audit procedures in the CAM disclosures is value adding in calibrating sophisticated users’ FRR assessments.

Data Availability: Data are available from the authors on request.

JEL Classifications: D81; M42.
Extracting Financial Data from Unstructured Sources: Leveraging Large Language Models
Authors: Li Huaxia , Gao Haoyun , Wu Chengzhang , Vasarhelyi Miklos A.
Published: August 2024

This research addresses the challenge of extracting financial data from unstructured sources, a persistent issue for accounting researchers, investors, and regulators. Leveraging large language models (LLMs), this study introduces a novel framework for automated financial data extraction from Portable Document Format (PDF)-formatted files. Following a design science methodology, this research develops the framework through a combination of text mining and prompt engineering techniques. The framework is subsequently applied to analyze governmental annual reports and corporate environmental, social, and governance reports, which are presented in PDF format. Test results indicate that the framework achieves an average 99.5 percent accuracy rate in a notably short time span when extracting key financial indicators. A subsequent large out-of-sample test reveals an overall accuracy rate converging around 96 percent. This study contributes to the evolving literature on applying LLMs in accounting and offers a valuable tool for both academic and industrial applications.

Data Availability: Data are available upon request.

JEL Classifications: M41; O31; C81.
Identifying the direction of weld path deviations in laser deep penetration welding of hidden T-joints by means of OCT
Authors: Pordzik Ronald , Seefeld Thomas
Published: August 2024

In laser beam welding of hidden T-joints, the web sheet is completely covered by the face sheet, thus impeding the determination of the relative position between the laser beam and the web sheet. This circumstance usually raises high demands on the clamping accuracy, as an in-process correction of the beam path by means of optical reference measurements is difficult. Previous research has shown that optical coherence tomography is capable of distinguishing between alignment or misalignment between the beam position and the web sheet. While this distinction has already been employed for controlling the weld path, it is not yet possible to determine from the measurement data the information in which direction the laser deviates from the web sheet, resulting in a random initial guess for the beam path correction. In this research, the asymmetry of the process zone when deviating from the web sheet position is exploited to derive information about the direction in which the weld path deviation occurs. For this purpose, the optical coherence tomography (OCT) probe beam is shifted laterally to the laser beam to capture asymmetric keyhole features that are specific for the respective direction of the weld path deviation. The OCT signals are evaluated by means of analytical approaches as well as neural networks. It is shown that the direction of the weld path deviation can often be determined from the OCT measurement data, thus allowing for a loopless setting of initial beam path correction.
Sistem Otomatisasi Pengaturan Suhu dan Sirkulasi Udara di Ruangan Pasien Menggunakan Relay SSR dan Teknologi IoT Berbasis Blynk
Authors: Widodo Hendra , Putra Yudi Eka , Suryani Sri , Ubaidah Ubaidah
Published: August 2024

Temperature and air circulation in patient wards are crucial factors that must be considered to ensure the comfort and health of patients. This research aims to develop an automated system capable of controlling the temperature and air circulation in patient wards by utilizing Internet of Things (IoT) technology and the Blynk application. This system applies the inpatient room air circulation standards set by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, using mechanical means to achieve six air exchanges per hour. The Blynk application is used as a user interface to monitor and control the system in real-time via mobile devices. The results of this study show that the temperature and air circulation in patient wards can be well-controlled automatically according to the established regulations, creating a comfortable environment that supports patient recovery. The implementation of this system is expected to be an effective solution in managing the environment of patient wards in healthcare facilities, thus enhancing patient comfort and health, as well as helping to save energy.
Penggunaan Keping Compact Disc (CD) sebagai Kisi Difraksi untuk Menentukan Indeks Bias Zat Cair
Authors: Ellyana Rossy Lydia , Santoso Sugeng
Published: August 2024

Research on the use of compact disc (CD) chips as a diffraction grating to determine the refractive index of liquids aims to determine the value of the refractive index of liquids through the diffraction lattice constants of compact disc (CD) chips, both filled with data and not filled with data. The sample used in this study was pure water (aquadest). The research method begins with making lattice holders, supports, liquid containers and cleaning the CD layer. The lattice constant of the CD is determined by irradiating the CD with an air medium using a laser light source and a dark-bright (diffraction) pattern appears on the screen. Measurement of the distance from the central slag to the light was first measured using a paper scale that had been attached to the screen, then analyzed using a weightless linear regression equation on Microsoft Excel. Measurements were made by varying the lattice distance to the observation screen. The same method is carried out in pure water medium (aquadest). Based on the results of these measurements, the refractive index value of pure water (aquadest) for the red laser pointer on an empty data CD is (1.29 ± 0.04) and on a full data CD is (1.40 ± 0.05). Meanwhile, the refractive index value of pure water (aquadest) for the green laser pointer on an empty data CD is (1.31 ± 0.08) and on a full data CD is (1.38 ± 0.08).
Pengujian Kualitas Air Kemasan Minieral dengan Pengukuran Indeks Biasa Air Menggunakan Metode Difraksi Fraunhofer
Authors: Pratiwi Tisar Dewi , Perdhana Radhitya , Laia Mitranikasih , Metaningrum Rohmawati
Published: August 2024

On a laboratory scale, water quality measurements generally use the degree of acidity (pH) and wather index. This study aims to implement simple physics equations with the tools we make by applying the principle of light diffraction. One of the parameters to determine the level of water quality can be through the measurement of the water index. We use the single-slit Fraunhofer diffraction method to measure the water index in mineral bottled water, including Tripanca, Grand and Aqua. Then the results are compared with the results of measuring the water index in turbid water. The results we obtained showed that Tripanca bottled water was 1.34 ± 0.16, Grand was 1.36 ± 0.39 and Aqua was 1.32 ± 0.51. Turbid water measurements get a water index value of 1.62 ± 0.003. When compared with the laboratory water index value of 1.33, the average bottled water has a water index that is lower than the laboratory water index, and turbid water has a water index that is greater than the laboratory water index. This is because the greater the value of the refractive index of water, it will inhibit light from entering the water medium, thereby reducing the quality of the water.
Stability of Pure Biodiesel (B100), Biodiesel Mixture (B40), and Petroleum Diesel (B0) Due to Storage
Authors: Mufidah Zunanik , Tiguna Amril Hakim , Haryanto Agus
Published: August 2024

Biodiesel is produced from synthetic ester compounds of vegetable and animal oils through a process of refining, bleaching, degumming, transesterification, and esterification. The quality and characteristics of the fuel are greatly influenced by the storage. The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the effect of storage conditions on the physical and chemical changes of biodiesel (B100), biodiesel blend (B40), and petro diesel (B0). Experiment was conducted by storage fuels using glass bottle for 35 days arranged into four conditions based on cap and wrapping using aluminum foil, namely P1 (with cap, with wrapping), P2 (with cap, no wrapping), P3 (no cap, with wrapping), and P4 (no cap, no wrapping). Results showed that fuel quality decreases due to storage indicated by an increase in water content, density, acid number, and color parameters, as well as a decrease in the specific calorific value of all fuels. The condition of the storage container affected the changes the quality parameters. Based on its impact on fuel quality decline, the order of storage container conditions from the best is P1 (with cap, with wrap) > P2 (with cap, no wrap) > P3 (no cap, with wrap) > P4 (no cap, no wrap). Keywords: Biodiesel, Biodiesel blend (B40), Diesel fuel, Stability, Storage time.
Estimation of peak flow in flood-producing rivers using numerical simulation, geospatial information and evolutionary algorithms
Authors: Esqueda H. , Botello S. , Valdez S.
Published: August 2024

Floods produce enormous human and material losses every year. Evaluating their extent and severity, and especially simulating possible future scenarios can improve the response, mitigation and prevention of the effects of this phenomenon. This paper presents a methodology to reproduce the extent of floods produced by channel overflows and recorded by satellite images, identifying the maximum discharge that produced it by means of the numerical solution of the 2D shallow water equations and Differential Evolution. The objective is to minimize the difference between the extent of the flooded area recorded in the satellite images, and that obtained in the simulation by adjusting the maximum value of the flow curve used at the entrance of the channel in the solution domain. The proposal is applied to data and images corresponding to an area located south of the city of Villahermosa, in the Mexican state of Tabasco, which is an area susceptible to flooding by the overflow of the Río de la Sierra. Our proposal shows that it is possible to have more accurate information on the extent and height of water in the flooded area than that shown by the satellite, which can be used as information for prevention and mitigation plans for the adverse effects of flooding.
Quantify seismic reliability of steel moment frame structures\\ with numerical procedures
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, V2E2G4, Canada, Gu James
Published: August 2024

Quantifying the reliability indices of structures under earthquake loading is traditionally considered to be challenging, especially when the nonlinear structural behaviour needs to be considered. With the increasing popularity of high-performance computer clusters, it is feasible to use detailed numerical procedures to quantify seismic safety margins of steel moment resisting frame (SMRF) structures under various sources of uncertainties. Two seismic reliability methods are used to examine the interaction of uncertainty from ground motions and intensity. One is a numerical integration procedure for the traditional method. The other is the Monte Carlo simulation. These methods produce cumulative probability distribution curves that can retain the accuracy of results from nonlinear dynamic analysis. These methods are applied to two SMRF structures to investigate their probabilistic behaviour with their uncertainties from earthquake loads and seismic weights. The global reliability indices of the structures are found to be between 2.5 and 2.1 under the maximum considered earthquake (MCE). When an MCE occurs, the conditional reliability indices of the structures range between 1.4 and 1.0. The results indicate that both methods can be used to accurately quantify the reliability of SMRF structures. The results also show that some conditional probability distributions may not be well-represented by simple equations with their parameters calibrated from data-fitting techniques. The results also prove that the discussed methods and numerical procedures can be further used to accurately quantify probabilistic seismic behaviour of other structures toward the community resilience.
The Legal Power in Evidence of Electronic Medical Records As A Substitute for A Doctor's Signature
Authors: Widjaja Christine , Adriano Adriano
Published: August 2024

The existence of related regulations regarding validity of Electronic Medical Record (EMR) in proving a case explained that it requires a signature in proving an EMR. The use of a personal identification number (PIN) only performs a verification function, not someone's authentication.UU No. 29 of 2004 regarding Medical Practice states that it is sufficient to replace the obligation to sign an EMR with a Personal Identification Number (PIN), while in Permenkes Medical Records 2022, it is expanded by granting access rights to certain people where the security system depends on the decision of the leadership of each health care facility and can be equipped with an Electronic Signature. The use of a PIN alone is considered insufficient form EMR authentication functions, so other options need to be raised such as Electronic Signature which carry out both verification and authentication functions.  The aims of research were to find out how the legality and strength of evidence of PIN and Electronic Signature as substitution of doctor’s signature on electronic medical records. This study used a normative juridical method, with two approaches, namely statutory and conceptual approaches.  The results showed that PIN and Electronic Signature could legally replace a doctor’s signature on EMR, but hada different strength as evidence. The strength of EMR as evidence depends on the judge’s point of view which is influenced by validity of EMR evidence, namely the presence/absence of a PIN and electronic signature as a function of verification and authentication.
Pengendalian Hama Penggerek Buah Kopi (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) dengan Menggunakan Perangkap Berantraktan secara Partisipatoris di Desa Margamulya, Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Rasiska Siska , Parikesit Parikesit , Sudarjat Sudarjat , Gunawan Budhi , Setiawan Iwan
Published: August 2024

Penggerek Buah Kopi (PBKo, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) merupakan hama tanaman kopi yang dapat menurunkan kualitas dan kuantitas buah kopi. Salah satu upaya untuk mengendalikan hama ini dengan menggunakan perangkap beratraktan dengan melibatkan partisipasi petani kopi. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini memberikan pengetahuan kepada petani mengenai hama PBKo dan penggunaan perangkap beratraktan. Kegiatan ini telah dilakukan selama 6 minggu di Desa Margamulya Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey berupa wawancara untuk menginventarisasi pengetahuan awal dari petani kopi mengenai hama yang menyerang tanaman kopi dan cara pengendaliannya, serta percobaan partisipatoris. Percobaan partisipatif menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan perlakuan berupa perangkap bertraktan alami yang terbuat dari kulit buah kopi terinfestasi hama PBKo diolah dengan metode ekstraksi destilasi sederhana dan maserasi, serta Hypotan 500L yang bersifat sintetik untuk mengetahui keefektifan perangkap beratraktan untuk menarik PBKo. Data hasil wawancara dianalisis secara deskriptif dan percobaan partisipatif dianalisis dengan uji analisis varians dan diuji lanjut dengan uji jarak berganda duncan pada taraf kepercayaan 5%. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa petani memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup baik tentang hama yang sering menyerang tanaman kopi, namun upaya pengendaliannya masih belum banyak diketahui. Hasil percobaan partisipatoris menunjukkan bahwa perangkap beratraktan Hypotan 500L mampu menangkap PBKo lebih tinggi. Petani kopi yang ikutserta dalam kegiatan ini merasakan manfaat dari penyuluhan tentang tanaman kopi dan praktek aplikasi atraktan di kebun percobaan. Namun, kegiatan ini perlu dilakukan secara lebih intensif dengan pendampingan. Dengan demikian, kegiatan dapat meningkatkan kewaspadaan petani terhadap kerusakan tanaman kopi yang disebabkan oleh hama.
Pengendalian Riptortus linearis Pada Tanaman Kedelai Menggunakan Insektisida Campuran Azadirachta indica dan Ricinus communis
Authors: Nurfadza Alysha Rianty , Dono Danar , Yulia Endah
Published: August 2024

Hama kepik penghisap polong (Riptortus linearis) merupakan salah satu hama utama pada tanaman kedelai yang merusak polong kedelai hingga dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi tanaman kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah formulasi pestisida nabati campuran dari minyak mimba (Azadirachta indica) dan minyak jarak (Ricinus communis) dapat menurunkan tingkat populasi R. linearis dan menentukan konsentrasi formulasi pestisida nabati campuran dari minyak mimba dan minyak jarak yang efektif dalam menurunkan tingkat populasi R. linearis. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni hingga Oktober 2023 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Desa Ciparanje, Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri atas perlakuan formulasi minyak mimba 1,0%, formulasi minyak jarak 1,0%, formulasi campuran minyak mimba+jarak 0,5%, formulasi campuran minyak mimba+jarak 0,75%, formulasi campuran minyak mimba+jarak 1,0%, formulasi campuran minyak mimba+jarak 1,25%. Perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan formulasi pestisida nabati campuran minyak mimba+jarak diatas konsentrasi 0,5%-1,25% dapat menurunkan populasi R. linearis, menurunkan kerusakan polong, dengan hasil panen tertinggi yaitu pada formulasi campuran minyak mimba+jarak dengan konsentrasi 1,0% sebesar 23,55 g/tanaman dan 2,94 ton/ha. Bagi petani yang ingin mencoba penerapan teknologi ini dapat mengunjungi web: https://puspromit.faperta.unpad.ac.id/puspromit/, untuk informasi lebih lanjut.
Asal Usul Penamaan Hari Perspektif Mitologi
Authors: Nur Afdal Purnama Putra  , Izzuddin Ahmad
Published: August 2024

A calendar is a marking instrument that makes it easier for someone to mark days and seasons. In the calendar cycle used today, it is agreed that there are 7 days in a week, namely Monday to Sunday, which then raises the question of where the name of these days came from and why they are called that. To answer this, a qualitative research study will be carried out which is library research. This article tries to answer why there are seven days in a week and where the names of the days come from from a mythological perspective so that we will find answers to the history of the origins of the naming of days from a mythological perspective because ancient nations were very steeped in their myths.
Batas Akhir Waktu Salat dan Waktu Terlarang: Integrasi Fikih dan Sains
Authors: Katili Moh Tantawi , Katili Syarifuddin
Published: August 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan mencari titik temu dari kedua hadis masyhur Imāmah Jibrīl dan ʻAbdullāh bin ʻAmr yang secara lahiriah saling berbeda, serta menjelaskan lebih lanjut tentang waktu-waktu terlarang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan post-positivistik/naturalistik. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua hadis dapat diselaraskan dengan membagi waktunya dalam beberapa jenis, sehingga setiap salat berakhir saat memasuki waktu salat lainnya, kecuali waktu Subuh. Secara astronomi, variasi panjang bayangan saat akhir waktu Zuhur dipengaruhi oleh nilai |ϕ-δ☼|, sementara tinggi matahari saat akhir waktu Asar dan Subuh atau akhir waktu Magrib dan Isya relatif serupa. Adapun waktu-waktu terlarang dibagi menjadi: 1) waktu setelah salat Subuh sampai matahari naik setidaknya 3°30’, 2) waktu tengah hari lokal (12–EoT–Interpolasi) sampai tergelincirnya matahari, dan 3) waktu setelah salat Asar hingga terbenamnya matahari.
Pragmatic values of clitic se: norm deviation and speaker counter-expectations
Authors: De la Mora Gutiérrez Juliana
Published: August 2024

"The transitive forms of the Spanish verbs eat (comer) and drink (tomar and
beber), variably occur with the clitic se and all forms of its paradigm (me, te, se, nos, os). This study shows, based on a variationist analysis, that the presence of clitic is highly associated with pragmatic values of subjectivity, in particular with the marking of the speaker's counter-expectations. The work shows how the The work shows how the marked forms tend to occur in contexts tend to occur in contexts in which there is some unexpected situation or contrary to the norms, whose marking can be identified from the presence of non-prototypical subject-agents, objetcs, or from ingestion events that deviate or from ingestion events that deviate from social or cultural conventions. Keywords: clitics, middle se, subjectivity, counter-expectation, ingestion verbs, variacionist
method"
Critical success factors frameworks, and models for risk assessment of eGovernment projects: A systematic literature review
Authors: Esiefarienrhe Bukohwo Michael , Monageng Thapelo
Published: August 2024

eGovernment projects are capital intensive and have high probability of failure because of the dynamic and technological laden environment in which they operate. The number of skilled labour and technicalities required are often not available in quantity needed to sustain such project. There is always the need to have in place adequate risk assessment framework to guide the execution and monitoring of eGovernment projects. Several studies have been conducted on the critical success factors relating to risk assessment of eGovernment projects to understand the reasons for the high rate of failure. Therefore, there is need to review these articles and categorize them into different research domain in project risk assessment so as to reveal domain with more or less research and those that need to understand the future research directions in risk assessment for eGovernment projects. Using the positivism paradigm, this study utilized the Systematic Literature Review methodology to collect 147 articles from the following academic databases namely IEEE, Preprints, WorldCat Discovery, ArXiv. Ohio-state University databases, Science Direct, Scopus, ACM, NWU digital library, Usenix, Jise database, Sagepub, MDPI Academia published between 2013 to 2023. Different inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied pruning to 48 articles that were used for the study. The results show the classification of articles in risk assessment for eGovernment projects into those that discusses project analysis, review, framework, maturity and model tools, implementation, and integration, applied methodology and evaluation with the percentage of articles published in each domain with the past 10 years. The various critical success factors that should be considered in the development of a robust risk assessment framework were discussed and future research directions in eGovernment risk assessment were given based on the reviews.
Constructing housework as abuse: African men and intimate partner violence in South Africa
Authors: Rowlands Emmanuel
Published: August 2024

The connection between the gendered division of housework and intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex reality and context-dependent. In this article, I explore the perceptions of gender norms among African men and how these perceptions intersect with their experiences of housework and IPV. Employing a qualitative approach, the article examines the viewpoints of 25 African men who have encountered IPV in Johannesburg, South Africa. The findings reveal a spectrum of attitudes towards gender norms among these men, ranging from more traditional patriarchal views to less patriarchal and egalitarian perspectives. The analysis indicates that men who adhere to both more and less patriarchal expressions of gender norms tend to view being forced to perform housework as a form of abuse within the context of controlling behaviour in intimate partner relationships. Conversely, men who lean towards egalitarianism perceive the expectation of women to solely manage housework as a form of abuse. However, many of the men express resistance towards gender equality discourses in South Africa, perceiving them as disruptors of traditional gender roles and enablers of women’s refusal to solely perform domestic housework. These findings deepen our understanding of the complexities and tensions within intimate relationships amidst evolving gender norms in South Africa.