bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF SEA CUCUMBER AND PROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF THE HABITAT SUBSTRATE OF MUDY SEA CUCUMBER ON MOLOSING ISLAND AND BIAU BEACH BOLAANG MONGONDOW REGENCY
Authors: Pangulimang Jennifer , Mege Revolson A , Manampiring Nonny , Ogi Nova L.I.M
Published: December 2023

Sea Cucumbers belong to the phylum Echinodermata, class Holothuroidea. These creatures are commonly found in areas near coral reefs, sandy waters, seaweed, seagrass beds, and muddy sands. This research aims to identify the various species of Sea Cucumbers in the waters around Molosing Island and Biau Beach, Bolaang Mongondow Regency. Furthermore, the research seeks to determine the nutritional content of the muddy substrate where Sea Cucumbers reside. The study involves observing the form, colour, and patterns (morphology) of Sea Cucumbers and testing the nutritional content of their muddy habitat substrate using proximate analysis with the SNI by difference method. The identification results of the form, colour, and patterns of Sea Cucumbers at Molosing Island and Biau Beach, Bolaang Mongondow Regency, reveal three species of Sea Cucumbers from different genera: Holothuturia and Stichopus. One species on Molosing Island is Holothuria leucospilota, while two on Biau Beach are Stichopus horrens and Stichopus vastus. Proximate analysis of the muddy habitat substrate of Sea Cucumbers includes the following parameters: ash content, protein content, crude fiber content, and fat content.
impact of medication therapy management services on patient outcomes
Authors: Alhawsawi Jehan Mosa Essa , Almuhaisin Asma Suliman , Ghalibi Nasser Ibrahim , AL-Jaizani Ebtisam Ali , Alshammari Sheddi Raffaa , Alotaibi Sultan Jahaz F , Alanazi Hayam Nawaf , Al-Nouri Amani Mustafa , AlRahen Narjes Ali , Alanazi Wazirah Mohammed Fawaze , Alabdulrahman Hissah Saleh Dubaykil , Alhawsawi Aisha Musa Eisa , Al-Nouri Yasmeen Mustafa , Suleiman Haya , Musa Bashaer Hashem
Published: December 2023

This extensive analysis investigates the influence of Medication Therapy Management (MTM) services on patient outcomes, specifically emphasizing medication adherence, health-related quality of life, healthcare usage, and cost savings. We performed a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of relevant literature over the last decade to assess the efficacy of MTM services. The study included research that encompassed a wide range of patient demographics, with particular emphasis on individuals with chronic ailments and the elderly. The analysis demonstrated that MTM interventions had a substantial impact on enhancing drug adherence, leading to a noteworthy 10% rise in adherence rates when compared to conventional treatment. Moreover, MTM services have shown beneficial impacts on the health-related quality of life, especially in patients with chronic ailments like diabetes and hypertension. Patients who received MTM services reported enhanced physical and mental health ratings, suggesting a more extensive influence on their overall well-being. Furthermore, it was shown that MTM services effectively decrease healthcare consumption, resulting in a decrease in hospitalizations and trips to the emergency room. Significantly, those suffering from heart failure and numerous chronic ailments saw a noteworthy 20% decline in hospitalizations and a 15% drop in visits to the emergency room, respectively.
Optimization of serum formula active fraction of moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera Lambk) as antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Nirmala Atika , Rahmawati Ismi , Kuncahyo Ilham
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the optimum formula for the serum active fraction of Moringa leaves with a combination of carbopol, NaCMC and propylene glycol as antibacterial. Material and methods the fractionation of the extract were tested on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria using the diffusion method. The ethyl acetate fraction which has antibacterial activity at a concentration of 15% was made into serum preparations with a combination of carbopol, NaCMC and propyleneglycol. Making serum formulas using the simplex lattice design method resulted in 14 serum formulas. Testing of the physical quality of the preparations carried out included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, viscosity, spreadability, and antibacterial activity. The results of the study on the ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa leaves with a concentration of 15% had antibacterial activity against S. aureus with an inhibition zone of 14.36 ± 1.1 mm. The TLC test the chemical compounds contained in the ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa leaves were flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The optimum combination proportions for serum preparations obtained variation values, namely carbopol 0.67% and NaCMC 3% and propylengliol 5.32%.
Lab-Pharmacy Nexus: Unveiling the convergence of scientific research and medication management
Authors: Al-Nouri Yasmeen Mustafa , Alhawsawi Aisha Musa Eisa , Al-Hubaish Abdullah Fahd , Suleiman Haya , Alegaily Bahjat Asame A , Al-Bakheet Shaikha Abdulaziz Mohammad , AL-Saab Abdulrahman Abdullah , Almutairi Abdullah Muneer , Aldossari Sami Hammad Mohammad , Alblowi Fatemah M , Alsaber Thamer Talal , Alnashi Ahmad Nashi , Almutery Sultan Saad , Alanaz Dhaifalluh Saud
Published: December 2023

The synergies and vital interdependence between scientific research labs and pharmacies within the healthcare ecosystem have been thoroughly explored in this topic. Scientific research labs were portrayed as centers of creativity, experimentation, and cross-disciplinary cooperation that shaped how we perceive the natural world. Pharmacies were acknowledged as essential to patient care for their ability to dispense prescription drugs, promote health, and guarantee regulatory compliance. The discussion shed light on situations in which miscommunication between pharmacies and labs resulted in avoidable mistakes in medicine administration. The story went on to highlight the growing importance of pharmacists in the monitoring of therapeutic drugs, chronic illness care, and diagnostics. The need for collaboration between lab technicians and pharmacists was emphasized as a means of promoting innovation, managing the challenges associated with medication monitoring, and guaranteeing the best possible outcomes for patients. This comprehensive investigation highlights how important it is to collaborate seamlessly in order to promote patient safety, advance healthcare innovation, and improve the standard of care as a whole.
Diretrizes para políticas de depósito, acesso e uso de dados de pesquisa: proposta a partir da análise de repositórios de dados universitários internacionais
Authors: Silveira Jaqueline Insaurriaga , Vanz Samile Andrea de Souza
Published: December 2023

Introdução: O estudo analisa políticas de Repositórios de Dados de Pesquisa (RDPs) de universidades internacionais, objetivando propor diretrizes para iniciativas brasileiras de implementação de RDPs. Método: investiga as orientações quanto a permissões, restrições e licenças para depósito, acesso e uso de dados de pesquisa disponíveis nas políticas dos repositórios de 18 universidades internacionais. Resultados: constatou-se que na maioria das políticas, o depósito de dados está condicionado a vínculo institucional; o acesso aos dados é aberto, embora possam haver restrições relacionadas a tipologia dos dados ou a questões legais; as licenças para uso de dados mais atribuídas são as Creative Commons; há recomendação para anonimização no uso de dados sensíveis; identifica-se a possibilidade de embargo de dados na maioria das políticas; todas as políticas analisadas indicam algum tipo de responsabilidade do usuário quanto ao uso dos dados de pesquisa e em relação ao uso dos serviços dos repositórios. Conclusão: a existência e publicização de políticas adotadas por repositórios proporciona segurança e confiabilidade.
Um estudo comparativo entre modelos de utilização de equipamentos de tecnologia da informação para práticas em laboratórios de computação
Authors: Frinhani Rafael De Magalhães Dias , Mattedi Adriana Prest , Souza Rarysh Costa
Published: December 2023

Introdução: Algumas instituições de ensino estruturam seus laboratórios de computação sem a elaboração de um estudo prévio de alternativas além do modelo baseado em compra dos equipamentos. A ausência desse estudo costuma causar um custo elevado que poderia ser evitado. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo comparativo entre quatro diferentes modelos de utilização de equipamentos de TI para práticas em laboratórios de computação em uma instituição pública de ensino superior, a partir de critérios técnicos e financeiros. Método: Foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma IES pública, cujos dados foram obtidos via questionários. A base de condução da pesquisa considerou as práticas de COBIT e ITIL. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram que, além de apresentar o custo mais baixo entre os quatro modelos estudados, a virtualização traz muita flexibilidade de configuração, pois, na gestão centralizada, é possível criar diferentes ambientes conforme necessidade das disciplinas. Conclusão: No ambiente estudado, o modelo de virtualização é o melhor tanto sob o ponto de vista técnico quanto financeiro para uma estrutura de laboratório de prática de ensino em computação.
Processos inovadores como suporte à gestão da informação: uma análise do Planejamento Estratégico da Polícia Federal considerando aspectos da cultura organizacional
Authors: Pontes Filho José Ferreira , Alvarez Edgar Bisset
Published: December 2023

Introdução: Analisa-se o Planejamento Estratégico da Polícia Federal sob o olhar da inovação como ferramenta de suporte para a melhoria dos processos informacionais, buscando proporcionar uma visão geral sobre os conceitos e principais implicações no contexto dos sistemas de inovação. Aborda-se aspectos teóricos do ciclo informacional combinados com experiências empíricas de natureza multidisciplinar da atividade policial. O texto parte do princípio de que o uso da informação e de dados pelas polícias se coloca como principal matéria-prima do trabalho policial. Método: A abordagem deste estudo se mostrou predominantemente qualitativa de caráter exploratório, com base na pesquisa bibliográfica, além de ponderações acerca da experiência profissional do autor. Resultados: Foram apontadas nas considerações finais os principais desafios da segurança pública ligados ao uso da informação. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a construção de um Planejamento Estratégico coerente com a realidade e princípios institucionais figura como ferramenta impulsionadora dos processos inovadores, sobretudo os relacionados com a gestão da informação, podendo ser uma alternativa que resulte em melhorias no desempenho e fortalecimento da cultura organizacional.
As Métricas de Mídias Sociais no contexto dos Estudos Métricos da Informação
Authors: Delbianco Natalia Rodrigues
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A presente pesquisa situa-se no âmbito da Comunicação Científica, mais precisamente nos Estudos Métricos da Informação, isso porque aborda os Estudos Métricos de Mídias Sociais, que são poucos explorados dentro do contexto da Ciência da Informação. Por conta disso, a pesquisa tem como compreender, de maneira geral, a presença dos Estudos Métricos de Mídias Sociais no campo dos Estudos Métricos da Informação, a fim de contribuir com o conhecimento teórico-conceitual da temática. Método: Caracteriza-se como um estudo teórico, com abordagem descritiva-exploratória. Resultados: Dentre os principais resultados deste estudo, foi possível desenvolver teoricamente e também apresentar o campo dos Estudos Métricos de Mídias Sociais, seus indicadores e, em especial, o grupo de indicadores de conectividade social. Conclusão: A pesquisa trouxe pontos de vistas teóricos acerca das mídias e redes sociais, bem como dos Estudos Métricos de Mídias Sociais, apresentando inclusive, um compilado de seus indicadores, na tentativa de proporcionar mais respaldo teórico para pesquisas futuras, visto que, atualmente, acabam por considerar apenas pontos de vistas altmétricos e webométricos.
Mediating Effect of Firm Size on the Nexus between Camel Rating Model and Financial Performance of Deposit Taking Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Kenya
Authors:   California Miramar University San Diego, California, Mirichii John Mwaniki
Published: December 2023

Savings and credit cooperatives are of importance to developing countries due to their huge contributions on the national economy. The study sought to examine the mediation effect of firm size on the relationship between CAMEL rating model and financial performance of deposit taking SACCOs in Kenya. The study emanates from the Doctoral dissertation of the first author where the co-authors served as supervisors. Efficiency structure theory and working capital management theory were used. Panel regression analysis was used based on secondary data for the period 2013 to 2022. The study established that the mediation effect of firm size on the relationship between CAMEL rating model and financial performance of deposit taking SACCOs in Kenya was significant. Higher market value and consequently financial performance are linked to institutions with large firm sizes. It is therefore recommended that SACCOs should strive towards growing their total assets which will subsequently translate to higher profits and ultimately higher financial performance. The advantages of economies of scale of large institutions should be fully maximized so as to sustain higher financial performance of SACCOs. Keywords: CAMEL Rating Model, Firm Size, Financial Performance and Deposit Taking SACCOs
"Don Quichotte Polichinelle": parodie pour marionettes de "Don Quichotte chez la duchesse" de Favart
Authors: Mele Flora
Published: December 2023

La source épique et farcesque est utilisée dans la parodie pour marionnettes Don Qui-chotte Polichinelle d’Adrien-Joseph Le Valois d’Orville, écrite pour la Foire Saint-Germain de Paris, en 1743. Le manuscrit du canevas de Don Quichotte Polichinelle, conservé dans le Fonds français de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, montre que le parodiste reprend de près la comédie-ballet Don Quichotte chez la duchesse de Charles-Simon Favart, jouée à l’Académie royale de Musique, la même année. La parodie pour marionnettes tourne l’original en vaudevilles. Le manuscrit de la parodie d’Adrien-Joseph Le Valois d’Orville se concentre sur trois moments clefs du spectacle de Favart. Elle utilise un style poissard et insiste sur la partie de la métamorphose animale simulée, qui correspond à un ballet pantomime, interprété par le célèbre Louis Antoine Cuvillier, dans l’œuvre de Favart. Cet article traite du choix de la thématique de Don Quichotte, dans un contexte de spectacle forain, terrain fertile pour la réflexion sur les attitudes sociétales conventionnelles et sur la situation esthétique contemporaine du théâtre, en France. La parodie de Valois d’Orville qui écrit aussi le livret de Platée de Rameau, met en relief de manière plus libre et transgressive le message donné par la comédie-ballet de Favart, tout en lui rendant honneur et en lui faisant de la publicité, par le biais de la marionnette.
Yuval Sharon’s Twilight: Gods (2020-21)
Authors: Zhang Jingyi
Published: December 2023

Yuval Sharon’s Twilight: Gods is a drive-through opera that presents a contemporary vernacular reimagination of Richard Wagner's Götterdämmerung. Motivated by pandemic-related concerns, it was staged in the Detroit Opera House Parking Center in October 2020 and subsequently in Chicago’s Millennium Lakeside Parking Garage in April 2021. Rejecting immersion, my article puts forth re-enchantment as a phenomenological model, which captures the sense of play underlying site-specific opera. I build on Carolyn Abbate’s notion of “ludic distance” in positing that re-enchantment is derived not despite, but because of our hyperawareness of the creative tensions present in the hybrid media and technologies fleshed out before us. Moving on then to more specifically ideological—and ethical—considerations, I interrogate the racialized scripting underpinning the opera’s display culture. Employing Matthew Morrison’s Blacksound, I examine Scene 4 (“Siegfried’s Funeral March”) in demonstrating how it reveals an attempt to muster Detroit/Blacksound in the commodified packaging of Black signifiers for the edification of an elite, mostly white audience. A musical collaboration premised on “fitting” Black music into the dominant Western paradigm perpetuates musical essentialism. Similarly problematic questions ensue from examining the ethics and politics of collaboration with the two Black poets who contribute to the productions in uneven ways. It is an open question whether, in the end, the creative team has succeeded in fulfilling the redemptive terms it has set for itself. I conclude by stimulating further questions and reflections on how a socially progressive and anti-Racist opera would look and sound like in 21st-century America.
Review of “Alfred Hitchcock’s Psycho Live Orchestra” (2023)
Authors: Agosti Giacomo
Published: December 2023

Review of “Alfred Hitchcock’s Psycho Live Orchestra” (Milan, Fondazione Cariplo Auditorium, March 11, 2023). Orchestra Sinfonica Giovanile di Milano conducted by Anthony Gabriele.
Interaction of Specific Monoclonal Antibodies with Leukocyte Antigens in Camels
Authors: Alala Mohammed Ameer , Alkuwayti Mayyadah Abdullah , Alrabiah Noof Abdulrahman , Hussen Jamal
Published: December 2023

The dromedary camel as a livestock species significantly impacts the economy of arid and semi-arid regions worldwide. The identification of cross-reactive antibodies against pivotal immune cell markers acts as a valuable method to investigate the immune system of camels. The aim of the present study was to identify new monoclonal antibodies that react with camel leukocyte subsets using flow cytometry and multicolor immunofluorescence. The expression patterns of the tested antibodies indicated cross-reactivity of the anti-bovine CD9 monoclonal antibody clones LT86A and Hl9a with different binding potential. Although all leukocyte subpopulations stained positively with the CD9 antibodies, monocytes showed the highest CD9 abundance, compared to lymphocytes and granulocytes. No cross-reactivity was identified for the tested monoclonal antibodies against equine CD8a (clone: ETC142BA1), mouse CD3 (clone: CD3-12), human CD3 (clone: T3/2/16A9), human CD206 (clone: MMR), and bovine granulocytes (clone: CH138A). The present study revealed that only camel monocytes showed positive staining with the anti-ovine CD5 mAb (clone ST1), which is in contrast to the human and murine systems. The present findings indicated low homogeneity between camels and other species in the antigenic structure of leukocyte antigens, highlighting the need to develop camel-specific mAbs against the main immune cell markers.
Standardization of the Simple Methodology for Experimentally Induced Ischemic Stroke in Rat Models
Authors: Prakoso Yos Adi , Sigit Miarsono , Aliviameita Andika
Published: December 2023

Stroke is a globally significant and devastating disease that requires prompt treatment. Animal models are commonly used to investigate stroke therapy, often through experimentally induced ischemic stroke (EIIS). However, challenges arise in implementing EIIS in animal models. The current study aimed to present a simple EIIS methodology for animal models. A total of 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups, namely Group 1 (sham-operated), Groups 2 to 5 (EIIS groups) with different duration of common carotid artery (CCA) ligation, including 1, 2, 4, and 8 hours, respectively. The ligation was performed on the CCA and its branches. Before the experiment, the rats were anesthetized, and the incision area was shaved and disinfected. The sagittal ventral midline was incised, with neck muscles retracted to expose the right CCA. The occlusion was performed on three sides of a carotid artery (common, external, and internal) using a simple interrupted suture. The occlusion of blood flow using ligation was performed at different times depending on the groups. After that, the CCA ligations were re-perfused by cutting the suture knot. The brain and blood were collected on days 1 and 7 after reperfusion. The results indicated that 4 and 8 hours of CCA ligation significantly impacted the general condition and neuro-deficit score. Moreover, 4 and 8 hours of CCA ligation could induce ischemic stroke by its capacity to cause infarction within the brain parenchyma and increase the platelet-to-white blood cell ratio, C-reactive protein, and De Ritis ratio. In contrast, 1 and 2 hours of CCA ligation did not significantly affect the observed parameters. It can be concluded that the EIIS using 4 and 8 hours of CCA ligation can be applied to induce ischemic stroke in rat models with consistent impacts on general conditions, neuro-deficit, hematology, and serology.
Efficiency Evaluation of Silica Nanoparticles as a Pesticide against Ctenocephalides felis
Authors: Aziz Anah Sadiya , Aziz Anah Saad
Published: December 2023

The increasing resistance of arthropods to many insecticides has encouraged researchers to search for new alternatives to combat harmful insects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of silica nanoparticles (NPs) on Ctenocephalides felis (C. felis), a prevalent species among cats and a known vector for diseases. The killing efficacy of SiO2-NPs against C. felis was tested at three different concentrations (50, 100, and 150 mg/ml) over three different time intervals (10, 20, and 40 minutes), alongside positive and negative control groups (distilled water and cypermethrin). The results of the current study indicated that all concentrations had a fleacidal effect, with SiO2-NPs demonstrating increased efficacy with higher concentrations and longer exposure periods. The concentration of 150 mg/mL of SiO2-NPs led to the highest effect at 96% upon exposure for 40 minutes. The results of the current study revealed significant differences between the control groups and all the groups treated with Sio2-NP concentrations. It can be concluded that Sio2-NPs are a practical approach to flea control although it is necessary to search for environmentally friendly pesticides. The current results indicate that SiO2-NPs have anti-parasitic effects against C. felis.
Effects of Histomonas, Trichomonas, and Eimeria Co-infection on Productivity and Macro-morphological Indicators of Eggs in Laying Hens
Authors: Liulin Petro , Bogach Mykola , Lyakhovich Liubov , Petrenko Alla , Kostyuk Inna
Published: December 2023

The study of macro-morphological changes is important for recognizing disturbances in egg formation that cause pathologies, especially co-infection. The current study aimed to evaluate the level of egg productivity and macro-morphological parameters of eggs in domestic chickens of the Rhode Island breed with co-infection of Histomonas, Trichomonas, and Eimeria. Clinical and parasitological, coproscopic, morphometric research, and statistical analysis methods were used for this research. Pathogens of Histomonas and Trichomonas were detected by microscopy of smears of fresh feces, and Eimeria oocysts were identified by flotation according to the Fullenborn method. During 30 days of research, there was a significant decrease in egg production (52%), a decrease in egg weight by 16.8%, and a decrease in the shell thickness by 30.43% during spontaneous Eimeria-Histomonosis-Trichomonosis co-infection in laying hens. The eggshell indicated noticeable macro-morphological changes, including deformations and defects resulting from insufficient calcification. These changes manifest as combined damage to the shell, characterized by small cracks, roughness, bumpy or spilled thickenings, and complete or partial depigmentation. When evaluating the internal content of eggs in 12% of their samples, there were bloody spots, relatively smaller and lighter yolks, thinning of the protein part. Thus, the specified macro-morphological changes and egg defects were the result of the negative impact of co-infection on the processes of egg formation, which indicates the systemic nature of the lesion and the morphofunctional insufficiency of the egg-forming organs.
Effects of Adding Glutathione to AndroMed Diluent on Intact Plasma and Acrosome Membranes, and Progressive Motility of Cattle Spermatozoa During Freezing Processes
Authors: Bebas Wayan , Gorda I Wayan , Agustina Kadek Karang , Merdana I Made
Published: December 2023

Adding endogenous antioxidants to the diluent is significantly associated with semen quality during the freezing process. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding glutathione to AndroMed diluent on the preservation of crucial sperm attributes, namely, intact plasma membrane (IPM), intact acrosome membrane (IAM), and progressive motility of Bali cattle spermatozoa. A completely randomized design was used, and spermatozoa samples were obtained from a Bali cattle and divided into two diluent treatment groups (36 diluent samples in each group with six replications), namely pure AndroMed as the control and a group with the addition of glutathione (1 mmol) to AndroMed. Each treatment was replicated six times and evaluated at three freezing stages, including post-dilution, post-equilibration, and post-thawing, for crucial sperm properties. The results indicated that fresh Bali cattle spermatozoa had progressive motility, IAM, and IPM of 75%, 89%, and 88%, respectively. During the freezing process, there was a significant decrease in semen quality, including progressive motility, IAM, and IPM of spermatozoa after dilution to post-equilibration and post-equilibration to post-thawing in both treatment groups. Meanwhile, the addition of 1 mmol of glutathione to AndroMed diluent had a significant difference in increasing progressive motility, IAM, and IPM of Bali cattle spermatozoa at each stage of semen freezing, including post-dilution, post-equilibration, and post thawing when compared with controls. Based on the results, it can be concluded that adding 1 mmol of glutathione to the AndroMed diluent enhanced the quality and integrity of Bali cattle semen, including progressive motility, IAM, and IPM during the freezing process.
Improving the Quality and Nutritional Value of a Mixture of Sago Pith and Indigofera leaves Fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus
Authors: Djulardi Ade , . Mirnawati , Ciptaan Gita , Kurnia Ridho , Srifani Anifah , Adriani Lovita , Makmur Malik
Published: December 2023

The nutritional value of sago pith is limited due to its low protein content, making it less suitable for poultry feed. To increase the benefit values of the sago pith, it is necessary to process it through fermentation. The current study aimed to determine the effects of substrate composition and fermentation time of fermented sago (Metroxylon sagu) pith (SP) and Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana) leaves (IL) mixture using Rhizopus oligosporus as an inoculum on crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber content of fermented SP and IL, nitrogen retention, crude fiber digestibility, and energy metabolism in broiler chickens. The study was performed on 30 broiler chickens, average weighing ± 1.5 kg at 6 weeks of age, along with SP, IL, and R. oligosporus. This experiment was conducted using a randomized design in a 3×3 factorial with three replications. Substrate composition, or factor A, was made up of A1 (80% SP + 20% IL), A2 (60% SP + 40% IL), and A3 (50% SP + 50% IL). Fermentation time as Factor B entailed B1 (2 days), B2 (3 days), and B3 (4 days). The findings demonstrated a significant interaction between the time of fermentation and the composition of the substrate in relation to crude protein content, nitrogen retention, crude fat, crude fiber digestibility, and energy metabolism. It can be concluded that the composition of substrate 50% SP and 50% IL with 3 days of fermentation yielded the best result, with crude protein at 25.45%, nitrogen retention at 59.72%, crude fat at 0.020%, crude fiber at 6.40%, crude fiber digestibility at 57.34%, and metabolic energy at 2658.44 kcal/kg.
Using Helminths to Fight Cancer: An Innovative Approach
Authors: Ameli Nima , Masoumi Alireza , Kerachi Mahnaz , Sheidaeimehneh Niloufar , Khavidaki Naghmeh Layegh , Zamanian Melika
Published: December 2023

As an alternative treatment in cancer therapy, there has been a growing interest in using helminths, such as Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus), Toxocara canis (T. canis), and Taenia solium (T. solium). This study aimed to investigate the antigens and mechanisms that contribute to the anticancer properties of helminths, providing insights into how helminths may be used as a new and innovative treatment modality for cancer. The current review analyzed preclinical and clinical studies published between 2000 and 2023. The present study sought to obtain information on helminths, such as E. granulosus, T. spiralis, T. canis, and T. solium, to treat cancers of the breast, pancreas, melanoma, and leukemia by exploring databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Studies focusing on helminth therapy against particular cancer types for in vitro and animal models were included. Several studies have shown the possibility of inhibiting breast, colon, melanoma, and leukemia tumor growth, inducing apoptosis, and modulating the tumor microenvironment with E. granulosus, T. spiralis, T. canis, and T. solium based on in vitro and animal models studies. Some studies have indicated that helminth therapy can improve survival rates, reduce tumor growth, and stimulate the immune system in cancer patients. A potential improvement in treatment outcomes can be used for combination therapies, such as antigen selection, immune profiling, and individualized approaches based on helminth therapy. Helminth therapy is an additional option for cancer treatment, emphasizing T. spiralis, E. granulosus, T. canis, and T. solium. These helminth antigens could modulate immune responses and directly cause cytotoxicity in cancer cells.
The Current Status and Potential Development of Genetic Resources of Indigenous Toraya Spotted Buffalo in Indonesia: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Animal Production and Technology Study Program, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia, Maulana Tulus , Iskandar Hikmayani , Said Syahruddin , Gunawan Asep
Published: December 2023

Buffaloes are integral to the Asiatic market as they are crucial for agricultural work and transportation and provide a significant source of dairy and meat, contributing to various industries, local economies, and cultural practices across the region. Indonesia is a mega biodiversity country abundant in livestock genetic resources, including indigenous, local, and introduced breeds that play a crucial role in agriculture and the livestock industry. These genetic resources offer the potential for selective breeding and improving the quality of livestock populations through well-designed breeding programs, ensuring sustainable livestock production for the future. The current study was performed using the “Publish or Perish” software, and the data obtained was analyzed using the CADIMA web tool. The Toraya buffalo population is the largest in the Tana Toraja and North Toraja regencies and is widely distributed within South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The population of Toraya buffalo in this region reached 43674 heads. Toraya buffaloes exhibit diverse body color characteristics, such as black, gray, white, and mixed. Moreover, Toraya buffaloes possess distinct quantitative traits that set them apart from other swamp buffalo breeds. Although there are limited studies on Toraya buffaloes, the potential for broader and more comprehensive studies offers opportunities to uncover new information on the characteristics, genetics, reproduction, health, and management of Toraya buffaloes. The development of Toraya buffalo farms also holds significant economic promise, as it can lead to increased agricultural productivity and improved livelihoods for local communities by enhancing the quality by implementing well-planned breeding programs and leveraging reproductive technology, and genetics-based selection, growth, and productivity can be produced. To increase the population and productivity of Toraya buffaloes, a well-structured breeding program integrating reproductive technology and selection based on quantitative and molecular genetics is essential. The development potential of Toraya buffalo is vast, not only due to its high cultural value but also its superior quantitative traits compared to common swamp buffalo, positioning it as a potential national meat provider. The present review article aimed to discuss the characteristics and development potential of Toraya buffaloes, along with the implementation of reproductive biotechnology and molecular genetics to enhance the population, productivity, and quality of Toraya buffaloes in Indonesia.
Pathologic Case of Gout Tophi Deposition with a Concurrent Systemic Bacterial Infection in a Leopard Gecko (Eublepharis macularius)
Authors: Mazlan Mazlina , Syafiq Mohd Asrul , Zakaria Muhamad Alif , Abdul Samad Luqman , Che-Amat Azlan
Published: December 2023

Gout is caused by excessive uric acid in the blood deposited in tissues (visceral gout) or joints (articular gout), leading to severe inflammation and pain. A female leopard gecko was presented to the University Veterinary Hospital, University of Putra, Malaysia, with a history of swelling at the left caudal mandible, inappetence, and weight loss. An oral examination indicated a swollen mouth with scabs on the upper right mandible and multiple whitish deposits inside the mouth. The preliminary diagnosis was mouth rot, and the treatment included metronidazole and a multivitamin supplement. The leopard gecko died 12 days after treatment since there was no improvement. Post-mortem examination revealed that the liver was slightly enlarged with generalized moderate congestion and the presence of whitish deposits, as well as noticeable whitish deposits on the pleural surface of the lungs. Histopathological examination of the lungs revealed a granuloma with an inflammatory reaction predominantly by abundant mononuclear cells and fibrin deposition. An irregular collection of amorphous materials in the visceral pleura suggested gout tophi. The liver was infiltrated with amorphous material and fibrinous tissue, and it had mild congestion, indicating visceral gout and bacterial infection. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis were isolated from the lungs and liver samples, respectively. In conclusion, gout tophi is common in reptiles, but visceral involvement is rare, and early detection is critical to avoid secondary bacterial infection, as demonstrated in this case.
Clinical and Molecular Detections of Lumpy Skin Disease: Possibilities of Co-infection with Foot-and-Mouth Disease
Authors: Bihonegn Asmamaw , Feyisa Abdi
Published: December 2023

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) and foot and mouth disease (FMD) are notable viral diseases of cattle. This report aimed to highlight the possibilities of an uncommon case of LSD and FMD co-infection. The report also presents the clinical and molecular detection of LSD virus in six crossbred calves and LSD and FMD virus co-infection in a heifer at small-scale dairy farms located in northern Ethiopia. Nasal swabs and tissue samples were collected following aseptic techniques from the six calves suspected of having LSD and a tissue sample from one heifer suspected of having LSD-FMD co-infection and submitted to the laboratory for cell culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Different-sized, firm, painful skin nodules with necrotic centers were seen on different parts of the calves’ body. Swelling of the prescapular and prefemoral lymph nodes, conjunctivitis, and corneal cloudiness were also observed. Uniquely, one heifer was seen with erosive lesions in the oral cavity and tongue, salivation, lameness, and skin nodules. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, a distinctive feature of LSD virus, and the formation of syncytia, a characteristic of FMD virus, were observed in the cell lines. The heifer was diagnosed with a rare co-infection of LSDV and FMDV based on clinical signs, cell culture, and real-time PCR test results. The other six calves were diagnosed with the LSD virus. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, local wound cleansing, and anti-inflammatory drugs was initiated. Unfortunately, the heifer with LSD-FMD co-infection died while under treatment, and just three calves with LSD were recovered. It can be concluded that vaccination of animals against both diseases and promotion of bio-security protocols in farms is more helpful than treatment, and early case reporting is also warranted to avoid losses related to the diseases.
Driving Innovation and Leadership Opportunities for Women in the Expanding Field of AI and Technology
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Technocrats Institute of Technology ,Bhopal, India, Jain Divya
Published: December 2023

In the dynamic and ever-changing world of artificial intelligence and technology, EmpowerHerAI offers a fresh approach to empowering women via innovation and leadership roles. Gender-Balanced Recruitment (GBR), the Inclusive Leadership Index (ILI), and the Mentorship Matching Algorithm (MMA) are the three algorithms that make up the suggested method, which offers a thorough, data-driven answer. ILI assesses and improves inclusive leadership practices, MMA maximizes individual mentoring, and GBR tackles gender gaps in hiring. With its dynamic and integrated architecture covering the full professional lifetime, the technique outshines previous methods. EmpowerHerAI is a game-changing program that promotes diversity and inclusion in all aspects of AI, including hiring, mentoring, and leadership roles, making it easier for women to break into these important industries.
T-Spherical Fuzzy-Valued Neutrosophic Set Theory
Authors:   Basic Sciences Department, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia, Al-Quran Ashraf Al ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences, University Of Anbar, Ramadi, Anbar, Iraq; College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Al- Badaya 51951, Saudi Arabia; Department of Operations and Management Research, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt,   Department of Statistics and Business Analytics, United Arab Emirates University, UAE,   Deanship of Development and Quality Assurance, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia, Al-Sharqi Faisal Al , Khalifa Hamiden Abd El- Wahed , Alqahtani Haifa , Awad Ali M. A. Bany
Published: December 2023

From fuzzy to neutrosophy, multiple hybrid models have been innovated, with each introduced model surpassing its predecessor. Due to the inherent indeterminacy in the world, a more precise form of imprecision is required. As a result, more sophisticated variants of the neutrosophic set have been created. Examples of these amalgamations include fuzzy neutrosophic sets, intuitionistic fuzzy neutrosophic sets, Pythagorean fuzzy neutrosophic sets, neutrosophic vague sets, and neutrosophic rough sets. The main objective of this paper is to present another variant of the neutrosophic set called T-spherical fuzzy-valued neutrosophic set (T-SFVNS). Serving as a generalization of the aforementioned combinations, T-SFVNS allows for the representation of indeterminacy and inconsistency in a more nuanced manner. In this paper, we define the T-SFVNS and Tspherical fuzzy-valued neutrosophic numbers (T-SFVNNs). Additionally, we propose several types of score and accuracy functions to compare the T-SFVNNs. We also present the basic operations of T-SFVNSs and the algebraic operations of T-SFVNNs, supported by proofs and illustrative examples..
A New Feature Selection Metric Based on Rough Sets and Information Gain in Text Classification
Authors: ÇEKİK Rasim , KAYA Mahmut
Published: December 2023

In text classification, taking words in text documents as features creates a very high dimensional feature space. This is known as the high dimensionality problem in text classification. The most common and effective way to solve this problem is to select an ideal subset of features using a feature selection approach. In this paper, a new feature selection approach called Rough Information Gain (RIG) is presented as a solution to the high dimensionality problem. Rough Information Gain extracts hidden and meaningful patterns in text data with the help of Rough Sets and computes a score value based on these patterns. The proposed approach utilizes the selection strategy of the Information Gain Selection (IG) approach when pattern extraction is completely uncertain. To demonstrate the performance of the Rough Information Gain in the experimental studies, the Micro-F1 success metric is used to compare with Information Gain Selection (IG), Chi-Square (CHI2), Gini Coefficient (GI), Discriminative Feature Selector (DFS) approaches. The proposed Rough Information Gain approach outperforms the other methods in terms of performance, according to the results.
Kantorovich Stancu Type Operator Including Generalized Brenke Polynomials
Authors: İÇÖZ Gurhan , ZALAND Shamsullah
Published: December 2023

This article is concerned with the sequence of operators of Stancu’s-type, involving extended Brenke polynomials. We apply Korovkin’s theorem to the sequence of positive linear operators, discuss the uniform approximation of continuous functions on closed bounded intervals by known tools theory, and also consider the second modulus of continuity, Peetre’s K-functional and Lipschitz class, which are essential concepts in approximation theory.
Comparative Analysis of Optimal Control Strategies: LQR, PID, and Sliding Mode Control for DC Motor Position Performance
Authors: KIZMAZ Hakan
Published: December 2023

This study applies these control methods to the DC motor system to examine the robustness and performance of four optimal control methods. Optimal controllers aim to control the system to minimize a selected performance index. These control methods offer advantages such as improving energy efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing system security. The Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) based controller is the primary optimal control method. Two well-known traditional control techniques include the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) and Integral Sliding Mode Controller (ISMC). However, they do not usually contain optimal properties. In this study, the optimal control algorithms, defined by obtaining controller parameters through the Riccati equation, are applied to achieve accurate position-tracking control in a DC motor system using Matlab/Simulink. The integral term-based algorithms seem to be robust and eliminate steady-state errors. The optimal PID controller could not provide the minimum performance index, unlike the other controllers in the study. LQR and optimal ISMC algorithms could allow the performance index to be a minimum. An illustrative comparison of the performances of all optimal control algorithms has been presented through graphical representation, along with corresponding interpretations.
Seasonal characterization of aerosols over high altitude location of southern India, Ooty, Tamilnadu
Authors: JAYABALAKRISHNAN R. M. , SIVASANKARAN G. , MAHESWARI M. , KUMARAPERUMAL R. , POORNACHANDRA C.
Published: December 2023

Climate change has been worsened by aerosols which got a significant place in the scientific research to understand climate change dynamics. Hence, the optical properties of the aerosols play an important role in the earth’s energy radiation budget. The Aerosol Optical Depth was measured at high altitude region in Ooty from December 2020 to May 2021. The spectral, monthly and diurnal variation of AOD were assessed and showed their seasonal variability. The mean AOD value at 500 nm was higher during the Summer season (0.625±0.323) than in the Winter season (0.213±0.006). The Black Carbon (BC) was measured using an Aethalo meter from December 2020 to September 2021. The average season wise concentrations of BC were 0.680±0.206µg m-3, 1.128±0.393 µg m-3 and 0.189±0.06 µg m-3 for the Winter, Summer and Monsoon seasons, respectively. The sources of BC mass concentration were apportioned based on fossil fuel (BCff) and biomass burning (BCbb). The fossil fuel based contribution was higher than the biomass based contribution to the total BC concentration. The comparative study of BC concentration with the AOD, it was projected that the AOD had increased in line with surging BC concentration up to April, 2021. The ground-based daily AOD measurements were compared with the MODIS retrieved AOD. The MODIS retrieved AOD was positively correlated with the ground measured AOD during the Winter and Summer seasons. The HYSPLIT trajectory presented the pathways of the source from the long range regions. The Winter season trajectory was attributed to the North-easterly and easterly winds and the Summer season was attributed to the North-westerly and westerly winds that exhibited the long-range transport of aerosols from the neighbouring cities. The meteorological parameters significantly affected the loading of aerosols during all the seasons, denoting that they were supposed to the local prevailing meteorological conditions.
Identifying source apportionment of atmospheric particulate matter and gaseous pollutants using receptor models : A case study of Bengaluru, India
Authors: SOWMYA H N , WOLLUR CHANNABASAVARAJ , SHIVASHANKARA G P , RAMARAJU H K
Published: December 2023

The data of Particulate matter PMs (PM2.5, PM10) and Gaseous Pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), oxides of nitrogen (NOx: NO and NO2), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), sulfur dioxide (SO2), along with ammonia (NH3) at five different locations across Bengaluru from 1st January, 2017 to 20th March, 2018 were collected. The primary objective of this research work is to identify the sources of atmospheric particulate matter and gaseous pollutants using receptor models in Bengaluru, India. To execute this, receptor models, namely Conditional Bivariate Probability Function (CBPF) and Concentrated Weighted Trajectory (CWT) Analysis, are applied. Conditional Bivariate Probability Function (CBPF) shows that, annually, the maximum concentrations of PMs over receptor sites were detected during low wind speed (< 2 knots) along the north-east direction specifying that the long-range transport does not play an essential role in the transportation of higher concentrations of PM and their primary source region may be localized. Concentrated Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analysis shows that, seasonally, the highest air mass contribution of about 37% was noticed in summer, whereas the lowest was in the post-monsoon season (13%). The significant contribution of PM2.5 transported from long distances was during monsoon, and in the case of PM10, it was in summer. The study suggests that the long-range transport of PMs and gaseous Pollutants was not vital and was observed to be localized.