bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Order and Practical Wisdom of Walking in a Crowd
Authors: Korbut Andrei M.
Published: December 2018

The article suggests returning to the “crowd” as an object of sociological analysis. Crowds have attracted early sociologists because crowds were visual embodiments of social forces that surpass individuals and also served as a symbol of the profound social transformations which were taking place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Analyzing crowds allowed for the first sociologists (G. Simmel, R. Park, M. Weber, E. Durkheim) to oppose the psychological interpretation of mass social phenomena with a purely sociological approach. However, in the second half of the 20th century sociologists had lost almost all interest in the crowd, as it did not meet the interests of researchers of “large” social structures, nor the interests of the proponents of interactionist approaches. This article shows that the crowd can again be made interesting for sociology if we were to consider it from the point of view of the everyday practices of the participants. In these everyday practices a specific form of phronesis, i.e. practical wisdom, technical skill coupled with moral judgment about which action is good and which is not, is implemented. It is shown here that the study of the practical wisdom of walking in a crowd requires special concepts and methods that can be found in phenomenology and ethnomethodology. The article suggests using three such concepts for the analysis of crowds: phenomenal field, oriented object, and figuration of details. With the help of these concepts, the methods of the crowd’s situated social order production are analyzed in relation to the management of speed and trajectories of movement, following one another, walkers’ stopping and slowing down, and joining the crowd. This analysis shows that the joint production of the crowd’s social order by its participants is a situated practice, i.e. it consists of making the local scenes of everyday life familiar and accountable, and of assessing the local adequacy of the actions performed.
Survival, Exotica and Emptiness: The Evolution of the Post-Soviet open Market in Urban Narratives
Authors: Timoshkin Dmitry O.
Published: December 2018

This article analyzes the transformation process of ideas about the functionality and the social content of the open clothing market of a large “post-Soviet” Siberian city in urban narratives by the example of Shanhajka, the Irkutsk open market. Based on material from 60 semi-structured interviews, described are the functions that are assigned to the market depending on the period in question, the idea of its typical groups and their role in the city’s daily life. It is hypothesized that the market space per se is a marker showing the borderline state of the “post-Soviet” city as a whole. Being one of the urban mobility concentration points, the open market responds primarily to any significant changes in the urban environment. The question is whether it is correct to consider the open market to be an adaptation mechanism of the population of “post-Soviet” cities to the situation of social chaos, as a space where “guerrilla” adaptation tactics of citizens to the rapidly changing city are acceptable. This article also describes such a category as “ethnic markers”, as well as its role and significance in the context of an open market. I. Hoffmann’s dramaturgical metaphor, M. De Serto’s “strategies-tactics” dichotomy and E. Laclo’s and S. Muff’s approach to the analysis of discourse are used as ideas for researching the open market in urban narratives. The open market is regarded as an “unstable sign”, the meaning and connotations of which are transformed over time, depending on the social context and the period cited by the respondent
The Transfer of Religiousness in the Family from Parents to Children: An Analytical Review of Studies
Authors: Divisenko Konstantin S. , Belov Alexei E. , Divisenko Olga V.
Published: December 2018

The growing interest towards studying the impact of religion on various spheres of social life is reflected in quite large corpus of academic publications. Yet, the reproduction of religious identity on the level of individuals and small social groups is not much covered by Russian sociology of religion. The matter of the connection between religion and parenthood in Russian society becomes urgent due to the current transformations in Post-Soviet society: the first generation of believers is added and gradually being substituted by the second and third generations of believers. The representatives of these generations differ as it comes to the character of religious socialization that it is linked either to individual conversion or reproduction of religiosity. The given article represents the review of modern empirical studies of transmission of religion from parents to children. In our analysis we mostly refer to the results of foreign studies and are focused on the description of the results of reproduction of religiosity in family regardless of religious or confessional belonging. The analysis has indicated that family serves as one of the key agents of religious socialization of children and teenagers along with their peers and school. The review also focuses on the description of the factors that determine religiosity of children whose parents are believers. The authors also note the differences between religious and non-religious families are characterized relations between spouses and children, subjective wellbeing of children and styles of parenting. Attention is also paid to external factors determining family religiosity: cultural context, place and role of religion in society.
Trust in Higher Education as a Sociological Problem
Authors: Zborovsky Garold E. , Ambarova Polina A.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this article is to characterize trust in higher education as a fundamental problem of sociological research, review existing achievements in its analysis and the presentation of experience in the empirical study of trust in higher education facilities of the Ural macro-region. Trust is interpreted by the authors as a major non-material asset of the development of higher education in a situation of crisis, social and economic uncertainty. It is proposed to consider the establishment of trust and the formation of a culture of trust in higher education as a constructive way to implement positive changes in the institution and the country’s system of higher education, increasing its social effectiveness. Substantiated is the need for an interdisciplinary methodology for studying trust in higher education, developed at the intersection of sociological, psychological, socio-psychological, economic, moral and professional-ethical, educational, and management approaches. Going beyond the narrow disciplinary route, according to the authors, provides an opportunity to identify the resource potential of trust as an non-material asset. This article shows the main directions for researching trust in higher education in foreign and Russian science. The discourse of trust in higher education is shown as undergoing dynamic changes. On this basis, there are prospects for the further theoretical and empirical study of this problem. Data from the empirical study of trust as a new resource of higher education in the aforementioned Russian macro-region demonstrates the most acute contradictions given its current state and development, which have to do with an ever growing distrust in educational policies and the strategies for their implementation.
The Professors’ Community of the Red Professorate Institute in the 1930’s
Authors: Dolgova Evgeniya A.
Published: December 2018

This article sets out to study the professors’ community in the Red Professorate Institute in regards to the community’s homogeneity and its didactic potential. Based on statistical and autobiographical documents deposited in the State archive of the Russian Federation, the author comes to the conclusion that the Institute did not succeed in crystallizing the cadres of a new type of Soviet professorship, due to their being no common features between its members: neither on the level of education and qualification characteristics, nor in the social homogeneity, nor in their political loyalty. The community was bright, polyphonic, heterogeneous, mobile, variable, sometimes responding to encouraging requests from the authorities (such as, for example, party membership), and sometimes ignoring them. In the socio-demographic aspect, the Institute of Red Professors did not completely become an ideological institution, how it was planned by Soviet government (although it was secured in curricula and programs of the disciplines). It was one of the places where the intelligentsia worked, where their knowledge and skills, often acquired even before 1917, were in demand.
The Theme of Animal Sociality in Russian Pre-Revolutionary Sociology: A.V. Espinas and the Failure of Interdisciplinary Dialogue
Authors: Shmerlina Irina A.
Published: December 2018

Fragments of interdisciplinary tradition in Russian sociology related to understanding the phenomenon of sociality are considered in this article. A special place in this tradition belongs to A.V. Espinas, who anticipated in his work “Social Life of Animals” certain important ideas of sociology, as well as ethology, theoretical biology and system studies. Meanwhile, the socio-scientific potential of Espinas’ work was not appreciated neither by the first Russian sociologists, nor in subsequent periods of the development of sociology, both Russian and Western. In explaining the lack of success of the dialogue between sociology and biology, several reasons have been suggested related to the excessively pragmatic position of sociologists when it comes to the results of interdisciplinary analysis, the dominance of the Darwinian worldview in social and scientific thought, the excessive claims of biology for a comprehensive explanation of universal forms of social life, and stylistic features of biological descriptions of the social interactions of animals.
Preface and Introduction to the Second Edition of “The People’s Choice: How the Voter Makes up his Mind in a Presidential Election Campaign”
Authors: Lazarsfeld Paul Felix
Published: December 2018

This translation contains an introduction to the second edition of a book written by Paul Lazarsfeld and his co-authors (Lazarsfeld P.F., Berelson B., Gaudet H. The People’s Choice: How the Voter Makes Up His Mind in a Presidential Campaign. 2nd ed. New York: Columbia University Press, 1948.), which became an important benchmark for the development of the methodology of sociological sample surveys, and which marked the emergence of a new method – “panel surveys”. This new method opened up unprecedented opportunities for transitioning from simply registering the public opinion at any given moment, utilizing a series of surveys each time with the participation of new respondents, towards tracking the emergence, shifts and dissociation of certain opinions, ideas and behavior patterns on an individual level. Thereby in contrast to static evaluation a new model had been proposed, “a disciplined and limited kind of dynamic research”, which its authors associated with the long-term development of all social sciences.
[Rev.] Doktorov B.Z. Never Ending Chats with Classics and Contemporaries. A Practice in Historical-Biographical Analysis: Monograph / B.Z. Doktorov. Moscow: TsSPiM publ., 2018
Authors: Kozlova Larissa A.
Published: December 2018

The book reviewed in this article is the result of many years of historical-sociological and historical-biographical studies conducted by B.Z. Doktorov. It contains generalizations of certain results of analyzing biographies, while also introducing the reader to the methodology and procedure of the historical-sociological pursuit. The book was written, in the words of the author himself, in the form of a “mental dialog” with the characters of the biographical narrative; it contains methodological clarifications, as well as descriptions of the creation of the texts included within the book. It contains the author’s previously published work, dedicated to American scientists who conducted studies of public opinion (G. Gallup, H. Cantril, D. Ogilvy), as well as Russian sociologists belonging to the four eldest generations (B.A. Grushin, V.A. Yadov, T.I. Zaslavskaya, Y.A. Levada, A.N. Alekseev, V.B. Golofast, G.S. Batygin). The early activity of the first generation is associated with a period of rebirth (second generation) for Russian sociology during the 1950’s and 1960’s.

This review describes the origins of B.Z. Doktorov’s interest towards the research problems; a short summary of the book is given; described is the research methodology of a generational approach; also revealed is the importance of B.Z. Doktorov’s work when it comes to the history of Russian sociology and historical-biographical studies.
Aplikasi Problem Based Learning berbantuan MOODLE untuk Menumbuhkan Self Regulated Learning Siswa dan Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Ekologi Kelas X IPA 2 (SMA Negeri 3 Jember)
Authors: Maghfiroh Lailiyah , Subchan Wachju , Iqbal Mochammad
Published: December 2018

Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat menjadikan siswa mergulasi dirinya untuk belajar atau Self Regulated Learning (SRL) dalam proses pembelajaran adalah model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan MOODLE. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan SRL siswa dan hasil belajar siswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan MOODLE pada materi Ekologi siswa kelas X IPA 2 SMA Negeri 3 Jember tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 siklus. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan metode tes. Desain  penelitian ini menggunakan model siklus Kemmis & McTaggart. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pertumbuhan SRL siswa pada pembelajaran Ekologi. SRL siswa meningkat sebanyak 43% mulai dari pra siklus hingga pasca siklus. Penelitian juga menunjukkan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada aspek kognitif secara klasikal, yaitu pada pra siklus memiliki persentase ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal sebesar 8,82%. Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dari pra siklus ke siklus 2 sebesar 76,47%.  Hasil belajar aspek afektif secara klasikal pada siklus 1 sebanyak 78,82%, dan meningkat pada siklus 2 menjadi 83,9%. Kemudian, pada hasil belajar aspek psikomotorik menunjukkan secara klasikal siswa yang semakin meningkat dengan persentase 82,17% pada siklus 1 dan meningkat menjadi 88,11% pada siklus 2 sehingga meningkat 5,94%.

 

Kata Kunci: Model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning, MOODLE, Self Regulated Learning, hasil belajar.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Metakognisi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa dengan Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses Melalui Think Pair Share pada Siswa Kelas X-3 SMAN Yosowilangun Lumajang Tahun 2014/2015
Authors: Pratiwi Indri , Suratno S , Iqbal Mochammad
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan metakognisi dan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran Biologi menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui Think Pair Share pada kelas X-3 SMA Negeri Yosowilangun tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas berbentuk spiral dari siklus yang satu ke siklus berikutnya. Tahapan satu siklus meliputi: perencanaan (planning), tindakan (action), pengamatan (observation), dan refleksi (reflection). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, tes, dan monitoring. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan deskriptif kuantitatif. Kemampuan metakognisi pra siklus sebesar 37,48%, siklus 1 meningkat menjadi 60,98%, sedangkan siklus 2 meningkat menjadi 74,31%. Rata-rata hasil belajar kognitif pra siklus sebesar 54,50 meningkat di siklus 1 menjadi 66,06, kemudian meningkat lagi pada siklus 2 menjadi sebesar 77,18. Rata-rata hasil belajar afektif pada siklus 1 sebesar 66,24 kemudian meningkat pada siklus 2 menjadi 78,10, sedangkan rata-rata hasil belajar psikomotor pada siklus 1 sebesar 66,10 kemudian meningkat pada siklus 2 menjadi 78,44. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan metakognisi dan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran biologi dengan menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui Think Pair Share di kelas X-3 SMA Negeri Yosowilangun tahun pelajaran 2014/2015.

 

Kata Kunci: hasil belajar, metakognisi, pendekatan keterampilan proses, think pair share
Pengaruh Pendekatan Saintifik dengan Teknik Mind Mapping terhadap Keterampilan Proses Dasar dan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Tanggul Jember
Authors: Kharimah Isnainiyah Raudhatin , Suratno S , Pujiastuti P
Published: December 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui perbedaan pendekatan saintifik dengan teknik mind mapping terhadap keterampilan proses dasar, dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuasi eksperimen yang menerapkan pendekatan saintifik dengan teknik mind mapping di kelas eksperimen dan menerapkan pembelajaran konvensional di kelas kontrol. Teknik analisis data terhadap keterampilan proses dasar dan hasil belajar afektif yaitu dengan Independent t-test, serta hasil belajar kognitif siswa yaitu dengan ANAKOVA. Dari hasil penelitian pada kelas eksperimen, perlakuan terdapat perbedaan terhadap keterampilan proses dasar siswa dengan nilai (p) < 0,05. Rerata keterampilan proses dasar kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi yakni mengamati 3,8, memprediksi 2,4, mengukur 3,7, menyimpulkan 3,0 dan mengkomunikasikan 3,2 sedangkan rerata siswa kelas kontrol yakni mengamati 2,9, memprediksi 1,5, mengukur, 3,4, menyimpulkan 1,3 dan mengkomunikasikan 2,3. Penggunaan pendekatan saintifik dengan teknik mind mapping terhadap hasil belajar kognitif berpengaruh secara signifikan dengan nilai probabilitas lebih kecil dari 0,05 (p=0,000<0,05). Selisih rerata pre-test dengan post-test hasil belajar kognitif siswa sebesar 41,31 pada kelas eksperimen dan sebesar 31,89 pada kelas kontrol, sedangkan rerata hasil belajar afektif pada kelas eksperimen sebesar 99,64 dan hasil belajar afektif pada kelas kontrol sebesar 86,64. Hasil penelitian kuasi eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan saintifik dengan teknik mind mapping berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keterampilan proses dasar dan hasil belajar siswa.

 

Kata Kunci: Pendekatan Saintifik, mind mapping, keterampilan proses dasar, hasil belajar
Peningkatan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Melalui Kegiatan Membatik Jumputan Pada Anak Kelompok B TK Asy-Syafa'ah Jember Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Rosania Ulfa Windri , A Lathif Misno , Khutobah K
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di TK Asy-Syafa'ah Jember tahun pelajaran 2015/2016 dengan menerapkan kegiatan membatik jumputan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak kelompok B yang masih rendah. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah peningkatan kemampuan motorik halus anak kelompok B melalui kegiatan membatik jumputan di TK Asy-Syafa'ah Kecamatan Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016 ?. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak kelompok B melalui kegiatan membatik jumputan di TK Asy-Syafaah Kecamatan Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016. Jenis penelitiannya adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas 4 tahapan yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi.  Subjek penelitiannya anak kelompok B TK Asy-Syafa'ah Jember dengan jumlah anak 21 yang terdiri atas 11 anak laki-laki dan 10 anak perempuan. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil observasi kemampuan motorik halus anak dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terbukti bahwa kemampuan motorik halus anak kelompok B mengalami peningkatan. Nilai rata-rata kemampuan motorik halus anak siklus I sebesar 63,1 dan siklus II sebesar 81,3.

 

Kata Kunci: kemampuan motorik halus, membatik jumputan
Metode Resitasi Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Pada Mata Kuliah Dasar-Dasar Pemrograman Komputer
Authors: Murniasih Tatik Retno , Fayeldi Trija
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode resitasi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Dasar-dasar Pemrogaman Komputer. Subyek penelitian adalah mahasiswa kelas 2015B Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang sebanyak 35 orang. Metode pada penelitian ini adalah tes, pengamatan, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Jenis penelitian adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa pada tindakan I sebesar 71,43% menjadi 85,71% pada tindakan II. Hasil observasi pembelajaran menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan dari 79,75% pada tindakan I meningkat menjadi 82,75% pada tindakan II. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan metode resitasi dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa pada matakuliah dasar pemrogaman komputer.

 

Kata Kunci : konsep, metode, pemrogaman, dan resitasi
Profil Kreativitas dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Field Independent (FI) dan Field Dependent (FD) Siswa Kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 12 Jember
Authors: Purnomo Risky Cahyo , Sunardi S , Sugiarti Titik
Published: December 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat kreativitas dalam pemecahan masalah matematika. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif dan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 7 siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 12 Jember yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan gaya kognitif menggunakan instrumen Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), dengan rincian 4 siswa field independent dan 3 siswa field dependent. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan wawancara. Penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi waktu, yaitu dengan membandingkan data yang diperoleh dari tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan wawancara pertama dan tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan wawancara kedua. Hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif melalui pemecahan masalah matematika dikelompokkan berdasarkan karakteristik berpikir kreatif, yaitu kelancaran, keluwesan, dan kerincian. Tingkat kreativitas atau disebut Tingkat Berpikir Kreatif (TBK) dikategorikan menjadi 5 tingkatan, yaitu TBK 4 (sangat kreatif), TBK 3 (kreatif), TBK 2 (cukup kreatif), TBK 1 (kurang kreatif), dan TBK 0 (tidak kreatif). Tingkat kreativitas yang dapat diidentifikasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 1 siswa field independent dinyatakan sangat kreatif (TBK 4) dan 3 siswa field independent dinyatakan kreatif (TBK 3). Untuk siswa field dependent, tingkat kreativitas yang dapat diidentifikasi adalah 1 siswa dinyatakan kreatif (TBK 3), 1 siswa dinyatakan cukup kreatif (TBK 2), dan 1 siswa dinyatakan kurang kreatif (TBK 1). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa field independent cenderung lebih memiliki kreativitas dibanding siswa field dependent dalam pemecahan masalah matematika.

 

Kata Kunci: berpikir kreatif, gaya kognitif field independent, gaya kognitif field dependent, pemechan masalah.
Homeschooling : Persepsi, Latar Belakang dan Problematikanya (Studi Kasus pada Peserta Didik di Homeschooling Kabupaten Jember)
Authors: Ariefianto Lutfi
Published: December 2018

Homeschooling merupakan model pendidikan alternative yang fenomenal yang ramai diperbincangkan oleh kalangan  masyarakat, orang tua, dan praktisi pendidikan, diantaranya berkaitan dengan sosialisasi anak jika belajar di rumah. Orang tua Bertanggung jawab dan terlibat secara langsung dalam proses penyelenggaraan pendidikan dan PDCA (Plan, Do, Check and Actions). Homeschooling berkembang di Indonesia terjadi akibat dari rasa ketidakpercayaan terhadap sekolah formal karena kurikulum terus berubah (ganti menteri ganti kurikulum) dan dirasakan memberatkan peserta didik, anak sebagai objek bukan subjek, memasung kreatifitas dan kecerdasan anak, baik segi emosional, moral, maupun spiritual dan  kekhawatiran orang tua terhadap dari lingkungan luar yang negatif serta adanya ketidakpuasan orang tua terhadap sistem sekolah formal.Namun kelemahan dalam homeschooling yaitu sosialisasi dengan teman sebaya (horizontal socialization) relatif lebih rendah. Peserta didik homeschooling relatif tidak terekspos dengan pergaulan yang heterogen dan majemuk baik secara sosial dan memungkinkan untuk terisolasi dari lingkungan sosial, Jenis penelitian ini adalah Studi kasus dan sesuai dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai, yakni mendiskripsikan dan mengetahui persepsi latar belakang peserta didik yang mengikuti dan problematika yang ada di Homeschooling.

 

Kata Kunci : Homeschooling, Problematik, Pendidikan Luar Sekolah.
Situs Megalitik di Desa Penanggungan Kecamatan Maesan Kabupaten Bondowoso sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran Sejarah
Authors: Amalia Rosita , Swastika Kayan , Marjono M
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana memanfaatkan situs Penanggungan untuk sumber pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kesejarahan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menujukan adanya relevansi antara situs Penanggungan dengan Kurikulum 2013. Pemanfaatan situs sebagai sumber pembelajaran sejarah bisa dilakukan dengan cara menampilkan benda megalit yang ada di situs Penanggungan Kecamatan Maesan Kabupaten Bondowoso di dalam kelas. Hal tersebut dilakukan dengan menjadikan benda-benda peninggalan purbakala menjadi media gambar berupa media papan flanel.Tentunya media tersebut sangat berguna untuk membuat peserta didik lebih menganalisis materi yang diajarkan bukan hanya mendengarkan dari penjelasan guru namun juga dapat mengetahui berdasarkan gambar yang ditampilkan oleh guru sehingga pembelajaran menjadi lebih menarik dan tidak membosankan. Cara lain adalah dengan melakukan karya wisata di situs Penanggungan Kecamatan Maesan Kabupaten Bondowoso, karya wisata ini dilakukan oleh guru dengan membawa peserta didik langsung kedalam lingkungan situs Penanggungan. Metode karya wisata ini merupakan salah satu cara yang dilakukan oleh guru dalam membelajarkan pembelajaran sejarah. Karya wisata ini lebih memfokuskan untuk menyajikan sumber belajar dengan membawa peserta didik kepada subjek yang akan dipelajari diluar kelas. Metode ini membuat pembelajaran lebih inovatif dan kreatif.

 

Kata Kunci: Situs Megalitik, Sumber Belajar, Pembelajaran Sejarah.
The Association Between Hypospadias Occurrence With Exposure Of Pesticides In Agroindustry Enviroment
Authors: Pujo Sakti Sri Weli Teguh , Supangat Supangat , Wahyudi Septa Surya
Published: December 2018

Hypospadias is congenital penis abnormalities in children who are commonly encountered. Structure of the urinary tract is found in the central part of the penis. Many factors cause the occurrence of hypospadias, one of which is exposure to pesticides. Indonesian’s people have a livelihood as farmers, hence the case of contaminated pesticides often occur in the agroindustrial environment. The type of this research is analytic observational by a case-control method which conducted in November until December 2017. The criteria in this study were all hypospadias patients and had undergone treatment at Paru Hospital of Jember, Bina Sehat Hospital of Jember, Bhayangkara Hospital of Bondowoso from January 2015 until November 2017 and close community of patient in one agroindustry region. The sample of this research is 40 samples divides into 20 sample case groups and 20 sample control groups. The data obtained were analyzed by Chi-square test and obtained significant result between the employment relationship (p = 0.011) and pesticide exposure with categories pesticide user (p = 0.026), spacing distance with mother position (p = 0.011), pesticide contact time (p = 0.004), pesticide storage area (p = 0.001) to hypospadias occurrence in the agroindustry environment.
Computational Intelligence Load Forecasting: A Methodological Overview
Authors: Fallah Narjes , Ganjkhani Mehdi
Published: December 2018

Electricity demand forecasting has been a real challenge for power system scheduling in the different levels of the energy sectors. Various computational intelligence techniques and methodologies have been employed in the electricity market for load forecasting; although, scant evidence is available about the feasibility of each of these methods considering the type of data and other potential factors. This work introduces several scientific, technical rationale behind intelligent forecasting methods, based on the work of previous researchers in the field of energy. The fundamental benefits and main drawbacks of the aforementioned methods are discussed in order to depict the efficiency of each approach in various situations. In the end, a proposed hybrid strategy is represented.
POR UNA EPISTEMOLOGÍA DE LA IMAGEN-MOVIMIENTO DEL CUERPO. HOMOGENEIZACIÓN, UNIVERSALIZACIÓN, ESTÉTICA Y POLÍTICA DE LO CORPORAL
Authors: Galak Eduardo
Published: December 2018

Este artículo presenta una interpelación de los modos modernos que signan el carácter “cultural” del cuerpo, esbozándola a partir de tres argumentos que conforman los apartados del texto. Una primera parte en la que se interpreta la relación del cuerpo con lo social y con la naturaleza a través de, por un lado, reafirmar la idea consagrada de que el cuerpo no es naturaleza, para, por el otro, criticar la también consagrada máxima de que “el cuerpo es una construcción social”. En un segundo momento la intención es establecer como tesis que la naturalización de lo social en el cuerpo es producto de una homogeneización de las percepciones sobre lo corporal y consecuentemente efecto de una universalización estética. Para ello se propone analizar una serie de imágenes de cinematografía documental en las cuales se transmiten significaciones sobre lo corporal, procurando observar lo sentidos puestos en juego y su consecuente formación de subjetividades. Antes que cuestionar qué es un cuerpo, la idea es repensar qué no es un cuerpo, y con ello llegar a una tercera parte en la que se señala un modo en que se reproduce transnacionalmente esta universalización estética resultado de una homogeneización política del cuerpo.
PRAKTOGNOSIA: ECOSOPHICAL REMARKS ON HAVING A BODY
Authors: De Fazio Gianluca , Lévano Paulo
Published: December 2018

The authors trace the question “what can a body do?” back to one of the main conceptual lines of discussion featured in the history of modern thought, namely, the nature/culture distinction, closely linked to the object/subject and natural/artificial distinctions. These distinctions being the core of important developments in 20th-century French philosophical thought, a specific reference will be carried out to the works of philosophers Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Georges Canguilhem, dealing respectively with praktognosia and biological normativity. Having them in mind, the authors aim at relieving the body from the conceptual imagery provoked by yet another product of the nature/culture distinction: the mind/body dualism, which very often has submitted the latter to the former. Departing from the description of the ecosophical context assigned to the content of this article, the conclusive remarks hope for an ecologically renewed conceptualization of the body and its range of action.
A RESISTÊNCIA DO CORPO
Authors: Donato Antonio , Tonelli Leonardo
Published: December 2018

Este ensaio teórico propõe um conjunto de reflexões críticas sobre a educação física enquanto disciplina, através uma leitura das formas com as quais ela age sobre os corpos conforme aos projetos políticos e socioeconômicos que a sustentam. Legitimado por dispositivos institucionais, como por exemplo a escola, esta prática tem o poder de controlar, normalizar, determinar os corpos, reproduzindo modelos funcionais ao sistema socioeconômico. Através das práticas de saber e poder da educação física sobre o corpo, ocorre uma de-subjetivação, dentro da qual condutas, comportamentos e hábitos acabam sendo naturalizados. Ao longo do texto são apresentadas algumas pistas teóricas para tentar desmascarar os assuntos ideológicos que determinam a disciplina educação física, e ao mesmo tempo para repensá-la como campo de resistência aos dispositivos normalizadores, a partir do paradigma antropológico da incorporação.
FARE ESPERIENZA DELLE POSSIBILITÀ DEL CORPO MEDIANTE LA CONTACT IMPROVISATION DANCE
Authors: Bortolotti Alessandro , Delprete Martina
Published: December 2018

Basandosi sulla dimensione epistemologica di rottura fornita dalla Prasseologia motoria elaborata da Pierre Parlebas, che mira a superare le scissioni dicotomiche corpo/mente e teoria/pratica, intendiamo sia sottolineare il valore comunicativo o semiomotorio del movimento, sia evidenziare quanto risulti incorporata la conoscenza. Da tali premesse prende il via la ricerca empirica qualitativa di taglio etnografico qui presentata, la quale, riportando la voce di chi ne fa esperienza, consente d’avanzare una serie di riflessioni circa la danza Contact Improvisation. I temi riportati, articolati mediante continui richiami al campo della pratica, illustrano come tale dispositivo formativo risulti adeguato ad esperire il corpo in quanto Leib, ovvero un elemento vivo e pulsante, nonché depositario di saperi legati ad una visione ecologica, permettendo non solo di contrapporsi alla concezione del Körper o corpo-cosa della scienza spersonalizzante, ma anche di contribuire alla ridefinizione di una contemporanea pedagogia del corpo centrata sulla dimensione del possibile.
APROPRIAÇÕES CURRICULARES NA REDE MUNICIPAL DE SERRA/ES
Authors: Lima Amarilton Cesar Nascimento , Almeida Felipe Quintão de
Published: December 2018

ResumoO estudo analisa como os professores de Educação Física da Rede Municipal de Serra (Espírito-Santo) se apropriam da referência curricular oficial para a construção da sua práxis. Em termos metodológicos, envolveu uma observação participante nos encontros de formação continuada da Rede pelo período de um ano e a realização de entrevistas com dez sujeitos que atuaram no processo de construção e implementação do currículo oficial. O artigo está organizado de modo a descrever a concepção desse currículo, a apropriação pelos professores e o papel das formações continuadas como importante fórum deliberativo de construção e implementação de uma política curricular. Conclui que esse processo é tenso, ambíguo, deve ser coletivo e contínuo, se a perspectiva for a ressignificação das práticas docentes.Palavras-chave: Currículo. Educação Física. Formação profissional. Apropiaciones curriculares en la red municipal de SerraResumenEl trabajo analisa como los profesores de Educación Física de la red municipal de Serra (Espírito-Santo) se apropian de la referencia curricular oficial para la construcción de su práxis. Metodologicamente, utilizó una observación participante en los encuentros de formación contínua de la red durante un año y la realización de entrevistas con diez sujetos que actuaron en el proceso de construcción e implementación del currículum oficial. El artículo está organizado de modo a describir la concepción de ese currículum, la apropiación de los profesores y el papel de las formaciones contínuas como importante fórum consultivo de construcción y implementación de una política curricular. Concluye que ese proceso es difícil, ambíguo, debe ser colectivo y contínuo, si la perspectiva es la resignificación de las prácticas docentes.Palabras-clave: Currículum. Educación Física. Formación Profesional. Curricular appropriations in the municipal school system in Serra AbstractThis paper analyzes how Physical Education teachers from the municipal school system in Serra (Espírito Santo, Brazil) appropriate the official curricular reference for the construction of their praxis. In terms of methodology, the study involved participant observation during the meetings of continuous teacher education for one year and conduction of interviews with 10 subjects involved in the process of constructing and implementing the official curriculum. The paper is organized in order to describe the curriculum conceptions, the appropriation of these conceptions by the teachers and the role of teacher education courses as an important deliberative forum for the construction and implementation of a curricular policy. It concludes that this process is tense, ambiguous, and must be collective and continuous if the perspective is to resignificate teaching practices.Keywords: Curriculum. Physical Education. Professional Education.
DIVULGA SAÚDE COLETIVA: ESTRATÉGIAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO PARA INSERÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DO BACHAREL EM SAÚDE COLETIVA
Authors: Domingues Henrique da Silva , Capellari Ana Paula , Rocha Cristianne Maria Famer , Pires Natalia Silva , Rollo Rosane Machado
Published: December 2018

O Projeto “Divulga Saúde Coletiva” foi desenvolvido, de 2014 a 2017, no âmbito da extensão e da pesquisa universitária, por um grupo de discentes e docentes do Curso de Bacharelado em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, com o objetivo de apresentar o Bacharel em Saúde Coletiva, profissional habilitado a atuar como sanitarista. Existem, atualmente, aproximadamente 22 cursos pelo Brasil que objetivam a formação deste “novo profissional” da saúde. Atualmente, considerando-se a baixa capacidade de absorção dos serviços e do sistema nacional de saúde em empregar os egressos dos Cursos de Saúde Coletiva, pesquisas estão sendo realizadas com vistas a analisar e refletir sobre o tema. Desde a criação do Projeto, obtivemos muitos avanços e acreditamos que os esforços dedicados à divulgação deste profissional é de extrema importância para sua consolidação no mundo do trabalho.
“EU TENHO VERGONHA EM DIZER QUE SOU NEGRA, NINGUÉM GOSTA, NÉ”? AS CRIANÇAS E AS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS EM ITAPETINGA-BA
Authors: Jesus de Santana José Valdir , Oliveira Dias Joanne , Santos Pereira Reginaldo , Souza Cunha Júnior Adenilson
Published: December 2018

Nessa pesquisa tivemos por objetivo analisar como as crianças agem, acionam e vivenciam as noções de racismo e discriminação racial em suas relações com outras crianças e adultos; compreender o que significa, para as crianças, pertencer a uma categoria racial (branco e não branco) e como elas lidam com essas categorias. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, foi realizada entre abril e julho de 2017 e teve como colaboradores 35 crianças de uma escola de Ensino Fundamental localizada no município de Itapetinga-BA. Utilizamo-nos de autores como Abramowicz e Oliveira (2012), Abramowicz (2015), Oliveira (2004), Fazzi (2006), Cavalleiro (1998, 2014), Santiago (2014), Trinidad (2011, 2012), dentre outros. O estudo destaca que as crianças negras tendem a negar o seu pertencimento étnico-racial, recusam a sua cor da pele, estabelecem classificações e fazem leituras das desigualdades sócio-raciais. Contudo, esse processo de “captura” não ocorre de forma total, na medida em que as crianças reagem a ele: através das brigas, calando-se, “inventando” novos corpos (pintando o cabelo, alisando-o, etc.), mas sempre resistindo.
Intra-Articular Tumors: Diagnosis and Management of the Most Common Neoplasms Involving Synovial Joints
Authors: Jang Eugene , Danford Nicholas C. , Levin Adam S. , Tyler Wakenda K.
Published: December 2018

* Intra-articular tumors can be difficult to diagnose and are often mistaken for other non-neoplastic conditions.

* It is important to recognize when surgical treatment or nonsurgical treatment is indicated for these tumors.

* The importance of distinguishing the more common benign tumors from the more serious malignant conditions cannot be overemphasized.

* Although sometimes subtle, warning signs of a malignant process can often be detected when careful analysis of the history, physical examination, and imaging, such as contrast magnetic resonance imaging, is performed.

* When imaging and clinical features raise concerns for a possible malignant or more aggressive benign process, patients should be referred to an orthopaedic oncologist for evaluation and management.
Early and comprehensive care bundle in elderly for acute heart failure in the emergency department: study protocol of The ELISABETH stepped wedge cluster randomized trial
Authors: Freund Yonathan , Gorlick Judith , Cachanado Marine , Salhi Sarah , Lemaitre Vanessa , Simon Tabassome , Mebazaa Alexandre
Published: December 2018

Background: Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the most common diagnoses for elderly patients in the emergency department (ED), with an admission rate higher than 80% and 1-month mortality around 10%. The European guidelines for the management of AHF are based on moderate levels of evidence, due to the lack of randomized controlled trials and the scarce evidence of any clinical added value of a specific treatment to improve outcomes. Recent reports suggest that the very early administration of full recommended therapy may decrease mortality. However, several studies highlighted that elderly patients often received suboptimal treatment. Our hypothesis is that an early care bundle that comprises early and comprehensive management of symptoms, along with prompt detection and treatment of precipitating factors should improve AHF outcome in elderly patients.
Method/design: ELISABETH is a stepped-wedge, controlled cluster randomized, clinical trial in 15 emergency departments in France recruiting all patients aged 75 years and older with a diagnosis of AHF. The tested intervention is a care bundle with a checklist that mandates detection and early treatment of AHF precipitating factors, early and intensive treatment of congestion with intravenous nitrates boluses, and application of other recommended treatment (low dose diuretics, non-invasive ventilation when indicated, and preventive low molecular weight heparin). Each centre are randomized to the order in which they will switch from “control period” to “intervention period”. All centers begin the trials with the control period for two weeks, then after each two-weeks step a new centre will be in the intervention period. At the end of the trial, all clusters will receive the intervention regimen. The primary outcome is the number of days alive and out of the hospital at 30 days.
Discussion: If our hypothesis is confirmed, this trial will strengthen the level of evidence of AHF guidelines and stress the importance of the associated early and comprehensive treatment of precipitating factors. This trial could be the first to report a reduction in short term morbidity and mortality in elderly AHF patients.
Registration: NCT03683212, prospectively registered on September 25th 2018
Keywords: Elderly, acute heart failure, emergency department
Comprehension of Feedback by Patients within a Delphi Survey
Authors: Fish Rebecca , Brookes Sara T , Sanders Caroline , Williamson Paula R
Published: December 2018

Background: Delphi studies, used to develop consensus, allow participants to change their responses to a questionnaire after reviewing the summarised responses of other participants. Different methods for presenting feedback within a Delphi are employed in core outcome set (COS) development, including a summary statistic (e.g. median) and histograms. It is not known how well these feedback methods are understood by patient participants. The aim of this study was to examine patient preferences for style of feedback and to determine whether different feedback methods could be accurately interpreted by patients.
Methods: Participants were patients who had been interviewed for development of the CORMAC COS for anal cancer. In a separate one-to-one interview, participants completed a simulated 2-round Delphi whilst being asked to ‘think out loud’. Feedback was presented first as a single summary statistic (a median) then simultaneously as two different forms of graph, a histogram and a pie chart. Participants were asked to explain their understanding of the terms used, e.g. “median” and “average” and give an overall preference.
Results: Eight patients were interviewed. No participant fully understood median; six described median average as the mean and two could not accurately explain any average. All participants understood both types of graph, although two required additional explanation of the graph axes. All valued seeing the spread of scores provided by the graphs and the concept of distribution was well understood. Seven out of eight participants preferred the histogram overall.
Discussion and conclusions: This small study provides the first evidence for patient understanding of feedback within a Delphi. Participants understood and valued seeing the spread of scores as a histogram. Median was not well understood and may be an inappropriate choice for Delphi surveys involving patients. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings.
Sustained mitochondrial damages in cardiomyocytes in a patient with severe propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS)
Authors: Karasawa Satoshi , Nakada Taka-aki , Mori Naoto , Daimon Michiko , Miyauchi Hideyuki , Kanai Tetsuya , Takano Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Yoshio , Oda Shigeto
Published: December 2018

Background: Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is rare but possibly lethal. Mitochondrial damage is suggested as a potential pathogenesis. However, investigations on the mitochondrial damages in cardiomyocytes in patients with PRIS are insufficient.
Case presentation: A 20-year-old man with Guillain-Barré syndrome had propofol administration for sedation. On day 13, he had hypotension with ST elevation in electrocardiogram, acute kidney injury, hyperkalemia and severe rhabdomyolysis. He was transferred to our ICU on suspicion of PRIS. Administration of noradrenaline and hemodialysis were initiated, and fasciotomy was required for PRIS-rhabdomyolysis. He gradually recovered and was discharged from the ICU on day 30. On day 37, he repeatedly presented sinus bradycardia and conduction disturbance eventually requiring temporary pacing. Cardiac 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) on day 67 demonstrated heterogeneous 18F-FDG uptake in left ventricle. Electron microscopic investigation of the endomyocardial biopsy on day 75 revealed abnormal findings in the mitochondria of the cardiomyocytes including myelinization of the cristae. He was discharged with normal cardiac function without arrhythmia on day 192.
Conclusions: This is a case of PRIS with evidence of mitochondrial damage in both morphological and functional aspects. Sustained mitochondrial damage may be a therapeutic target beyond the initial therapy of discontinuing propofol administration.
Keywords: Mitochondria, arrhythmia, cardiac failure