bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dinâmica geoambiental das Planícies Fluviais e Lacustres de Rio do Fogo/RN (Brasil)
Authors: Louzeiro Andreza dos Santos
Published: November 2021

É fundamental o entendimento da formação de elementos físicos de um determinado local para a compreensão da sua dinâmica ambiental. Sabendo disto, pesquisas sobre estudos de caso são uma importante ferramenta para que esse tipo de análise seja feito. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar as interações Geoambientais existentes entre os elementos físicos e antrópicos presentes no município de Rio do Fogo/RN (Brasil) e ainda a relação que a Planície Costeira e o Tabuleiro Costeiro possuem com as Planícies Fluvial e Lacustre da referida área de estudo. Para tanto, foi necessário o embasamento da abordagem geossistêmica para subsidiar a inter-relação existente entre o fator natural e antrópico, bem como a utilização de geotecnologias para a elaboração dos mapas. Sendo assim, o resultado desta pesquisa foi essencial para perceber que as Planícies Fluvial e Lacustres de Rio do Fogo/RN são áreas de extrema dinâmica ambiental, seja com interação com os elementos de fator exógeno, seja endógeno.
Aspectos geomorfológicos e pedogenéticos na bacia do riacho Engenho Velho, município de Pitimbu-PB
Authors: Santos José Luiz dos
Published: November 2021

Atualmente, no Brasil, os levantamentos de solos em escalas detalhadas são relativamente escassos. Com o avanço das geotecnologias, a realização de estudos dessa natureza tem se tornado mais viáveis em virtude da disponibilidade de informações cartográficas, tais como imagens de satélites de Modelos Digitais de Elevação. Levando em consideração essa questão, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de analisar os aspectos geomorfológicos e pedogenéticos na bacia do riacho Engenho Velho, situado no município de Pitimbu (PB), por meio de técnicas de análise espacial. Através de técnicas de geoprocessamento foi produzido um Modelo Numérico do Terreno com base em informações extraídas a partir das cartas topográficas, que serviram como base para elaboração dos mapas de hipsometria, declividade e exposição de vertentes, onde foi possível inferir a influência dos fenômenos geomorfológicos na referida área, bem como obter informações que subsidiam planejamentos para trabalho de campo. A aplicação de técnicas de geoprocessamento se mostraram bastante eficazes na manipulação dos dados e obtenção de resultados, sendo possível verificar com mais eficácia, a influência dos atributos topográficos primários.
Influências paleoclimáticas na gênese do carste de Tejuçuoca, NE do Brasil
Authors: Cavalcante Daniel dos Reis
Published: November 2021

No município de Tejuçuoca, centro-norte do Ceará, se encontra uma das mais significativas ocorrências de relevos cársticos do Estado. O referido estudo tem por objetivo tentar explicar a gênese da atual configuração do carste, associando-o a processos morfodinâmicos atuais e pretéritos. Para isso, foram divididas as etapas de trabalho em levantamentos bibliográficos/cartográficos, levantamentos de campo seguidos de trabalhos de gabinete com auxilio de técnicas de geoprocessamento e por fim a integralização dos dados obtidos. O significativo desenvolvimento de feições de dissolução não corresponde com as condições climáticas atuais semiáridas, sendo, portanto, sugerido que tais formas tiveram seu ápice de desenvolvimento em condições climáticas mais úmidas durante o Quaternário que, posteriormente, passou a apresentar climas mais secos viabilizando ciclos erosivos através de processos físicos condizentes com o entorno do carste. Nessa perspectiva foram identificadas feições exocársticas e endocársticas que tiveram sua gênese ligada aos eventos paleoclimáticos, são exemplos os lapiás alveolares e os diferentes espeleotemas encontradas nas cavernas.
Análise do controle estrutural em microambientes a partir da relação topografia-pedologia na bacia do Rio Canhoto, Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Santos Leandro Diomério João dos
Published: November 2021

O interesse deste trabalho foi estabelecer uma relação entre a constituição micro ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Canhoto pelo controle estrutural; ilustrados aqui pela relação topografia – pedologia. A bacia hidrográfica do Rio Canhoto, é uma micro bacia pertencente à Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Mundaú, situada na região Agreste do Estado de Pernambuco. Os métodos utilizados foram baseados na geração de produtos gráficos expondo a configuração topográfica e a pedologia locais, em cruzamento com os dados climatológicos dos municípios partícipes da área de estudos. Os resultados fazem referência à participação das frentes de Leste no fomento à precipitação, diminuindo a medida que a topografia se torna mais elevada, repercutindo no balanço de calor, o que finda por contribuir à gênese de solos específicos, como reflexo do controle da estrutura à dinâmica ambiental local, alicerçando ainda a geração de microambientes.
Aspectos físico-ambientais da microbacia hidrográfica do riacho chafariz
Authors: Nascimento José Jerônimo de Souza
Published: November 2021

A bacia hidrográfica como uma unidade geográfica que compõe um sistema natural pode ser utilizada no planejamento na maior parte do mundo. A qual é de fácil reconhecimento e possível de ser caracterizada. O trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar os aspectos físicos da microbacia hidrográfica do Riacho Chafariz. Para tanto, a metodologia consiste na aquisição de dados; tratamento destes dados, com emprego de métodos de determinados autores e de técnicas de geoprocessamento. E por fim, a da análise dos resultados, que possibilitaram compreender a microbacia hidrográfica. Segundo os resultados a microbacia possui uma área de drenagem de 215,58 Km², perímetro igual a 78,67 Km, coeficiente de compacidade (Kc) = 1,52, fator de forma (Kf) = 0,216, índice de circularidade (Ic) = 0.437, índice de comprimento e área da bacia (Ico) = 1,70, ordem fluvial da microbacia de 5º ordem, densidade de drenagem (Dd) = 0.14 Km/Km², extensão média do escoamento superficial (l) = 1,70 Km. Possui três classes de solo: Luvissolos, Latossolos e Neossolos. A altitude varia de 296m a 872m. Conclui-se, que neste trabalho com a metodologia utilizada foi possível gerar informações que podem ser aplicadas em estudos ambientais na mesma ou em outras áreas com características semelhantes.
Pore-forming Peptides: A New Treatment Option for Cancer
Authors: Jahanafrooz Zohreh , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad
Published: November 2021

:

Cancer, a challenging medical problem, affects millions of people around the
world. Cancer cell resistance is one of the main drawbacks in the complete prosperity of
even more sophisticated therapies. Pore-forming peptides (PFPs), a group of natural defense
system proteins are used by nearly all living organisms as anti-bacterial and anti--
fungal agents, and could also be regarded as novel tumoricidal peptides. PFPs approach
entails using soluble peptides by assembling them mainly on the target cell membrane
and forming potential death-causing pores. Physical damage induction by natural PFPs or
their synthetic derivatives could conquer the resistance mechanisms of tumor cells. Given
that peptide drugs involve a significant proportion of the pharmaceutical market primarily
because of easy synthesis and safety, evaluating this nature provided a model system
as a group of anticancer peptides seems a valuable approach. Here, the mode of action
of PFPs and their anticancer mechanism are highlighted, followed by addressing the
anticancer studies using PFPs from different sources along with various strategies applied
to obtain selective action of PFPs against cancer cells. Challenges and future perspectives
of these promising bioactive molecules in cancer treatment are also provided.
Recent Applications of Rare Earth Complexes in Photoredox Catalysis for Organic
Synthesis
Authors: Prieto Alexis , Jaroschik Florian
Published: November 2021

:

In recent years, photoredox catalysis has appeared as a new paradigm for forging a
wide range of chemical bonds under mild conditions using abundant reagents. This approach
allows many organic transformations through the generation of various radical species, enabling
the valorization of non-traditional partners. A continuing interest has been devoted to
the discovery of novel radical-generating procedures. Over the last ten years, strategies using
rare-earth complexes as either redox-active centers or as redox-neutral Lewis acids have
emerged. This review provides an overview of the recent accomplishments made in this field.
It especially aims to demonstrate the utility of rare-earth complexes for ensuring photocatalytic
transformations and to inspire future developments.
Hydroxyethyl Isoflavonoids from the Leaves of Maclura tricuspidata
Authors: Jo Yang Hee , Yeon Sang Won , Ryu Se Hwan , Lee Solip , Kim Seon Beom , Hwang Bang Yeon , Lee Mi Kyeong
Published: November 2021

Maclura tricuspidata, which belongs to the Moraceae family, is widely distributed in
Asia, including Korea. All parts of this plant, such as roots, fruits, and leaves, are rich in diverse
bioactive compounds, especially xanthones and isoflavonoids. Investigation of the leaves of M.
tricuspidata through various chromatographic techniques yielded fourteen compounds, including
five new compounds. The new compounds were determined to comprise an isoflavonoid structure
with hydroxyethyl moiety and defined as hydroxyethylisoflavones A-E (10-14) on the basis of 1D
and 2D NMR and MS data. These compounds efficiently inhibited α-glucosidase activity.
Characterization of Metabolites of α-mangostin in Bio-samples from SD Rats by UHPLC-Q-exactive Orbitrap MS
Authors: Dong Fan , Wang Shaoping , Yang Ailin , Li Haoran , Dong Pingping , Wang Bing , Dai Long , Lin Yongqiang , Zhang Jiayu
Published: November 2021

Background:

α-mangostin, a typical xanthone, often exists in Garcinia mangostana L. (Clusiaceae).
α-mangostin was found to have a wide range of pharmacological properties. However, its specific metabolic
route in vivo remains unclear, while these metabolites may accumulate to exert pharmacological effects, too.

Objective:

This study aimed to clarify the metabolic pathways of α-mangostin after oral administration to the rats.

Methods:

Here, an UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS was used for the detection of potential metabolites formed
in vivo. A new strategy for the identification of unknown metabolites based on typical fragmentation routes was
implemented.

Results:

A total of 42 metabolites were detected, and their structures were tentatively identified in this study.
The results showed that major in vivo metabolic pathways of α-mangostin in rats included methylation, demethylation,
methoxylation, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, hydroxylation, dehydroxylation, glucuronidation, and
sulfation.

Conclusions:

This study is significant to expand our knowledge of the in vivo metabolism of α-mangostin and to
understand the mechanism of action of α-mangostin in rats in vivo.
Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection, its Vertical Transmission, and Impact
on Overall Perinatal Outcomes: A Narrative Review
Authors: Kumar Naina , Bhatia Vikas
Published: November 2021

Background: :

COVID-19 pandemic caused by single-stranded RNA containing severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) started in early December 2019 from the
Wuhan city of China and has been affected millions of people, including pregnant women worldwide.
Research from all over the world has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 infection can be transmitted
vertically from mother to fetus but is very rare. Neonatal infection with COVID-19 accounts for
only a small proportion of the total population infected. Furthermore, very few studies have observed
the impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on neonatal outcomes. Thus, the literature
about neonatal transmission and outcomes in COVID-19 infected antenatal women is very scattered
and limited. The present review briefs on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection from
mother to fetus and its impact on perinatal outcomes.

Methodology: :

English language articles from various databases including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE,
Scholar, MedRxiv, and Web of Science and from the World Health Organization site were
searched from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic up to June 2021. The search terms used
were “SARS-CoV-2 and pregnancy outcome, “COVID-19 and neonatal outcome”, “Placental
changes in COVID-19 infected pregnant women”, “Vertical transmission of COVID-19”.

Conclusion: :

Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection can be transmitted to the fetus, though uncommon,
and can lead to adverse perinatal outcomes, including preterm births, intrauterine growth restriction,
NICU admission, stillbirths. The data on transmission and the adverse neonatal outcome is
sparse, and many more studies are needed to fully understand the mechanism by which maternal
COVID-19 infection can affect fetuses and neonates.
Risk Assessment for Diabetes Mellitus by Using Indian Diabetes Risk
Score Among Office Workers of Health Institutions of South India
Authors: Bhagawan Darshan , Holla Ramesh , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Masanamuthu Durga Nandhini , Bhattacharya Srinjoy , Kejriwal Arushi , Chellakkannu Vetha Palani , Shreshtha Nidhi , Moras Errol
Published: November 2021

Background:

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the non-communicable diseases plaguing
the world and contributes a major part to the total disease burden. Diabetes has been prevalent
in all countries throughout the years, with the majority of diabetics living in low- and middle-income
countries. Madras Diabetes Research Foundation developed the Indian Diabetes Risk Score
(IDRS), a simple and cost-effective method to assess the chances of developing diabetes.

Objectives:

To assess the diabetes risk profile of office workers using IDRS and to determine the
proportion of individual risk factors of diabetes among the participants.

Methods:

This cross sectional study included 94 non-diabetic office workers working in two health
care institutions situated in coastal South India. Data was collected by a study questionnaire consisting
of three sections. Section A included details related to participant characteristics, Section B
included anthropometric measurements, and Section C consisted of the Indian Diabetes Risk Score.
The collected data were coded and entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences.

Results:

The mean age of the study participants was 40.88 (±9.761) years, and the mean BMI was
23.8 (±3.6) kg/m2. Majority (n=65, 67%) of the study participants did not have a family history of
diabetes. One-third of the study participants had IDRS ≥ 60, which allocated them in the high risk
category for type 2 diabetes (n=34, 35.1%).

Conclusion:

It has been conclusively shown from the study that most of the office workers have
moderate to high risk of developing diabetes and are also overweight or obese.
An Overview of Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Authors: Setia Aseem , Bhatia Jasween , Bhattacharya Sankha
Published: November 2021

:

Acute Flaccid Myelitis is defined by the presence of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) and
a spinal cord lesion on magnetic resonance imaging that is primarily limited to the grey matter.
AFM is a difficult situation to deal with when you have a neurologic illness. According to the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a large number of cases were discovered in the
United States in 2014, with 90% of cases occurring in children. Although the exact cause of AFM
is unknown, mounting evidence suggests a link between AFM and enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). In
2014, an outbreak of AFM was discovered in the United States. The condition was initially linked
to polioviruses; however, it was later found that the viruses were caused by non-polioviruses Enteroviruses
D-68 (EV-D68). The number of cases has increased since 2014, and the disease has
been declared pandemic in the United States. The sudden onset of muscle weakness, usually in an
arm or leg, as well as pain throughout the body, the change in patient's facial expression (facial
weakness), and shortness of breath, ingesting, and speaking are all common symptoms in patients
suffering from neurologic disease. This article includes graphic and histogram representations of reported
AFM incidents and criteria for causality, epidemiology, various diagnostic approaches,
signs and symptoms, and various investigational guidelines. It also includes key statements about
recent clinical findings related to AFM disease.
Recent Patents on Third Generation Bearing Testing Machine
Authors: Zhao Yanling , Zhang Huanqing
Published: November 2021

Background:

Bearing testing machine is the key equipment for bearing design, theoretical
research and improvement, and it plays an important role in the performance of bearing life, fatigue,
vibration and working temperature. With the requirements of aerospace, military equipment,
automobile manufacturing and other industrial fields of the bearing are becoming higher and higher.
There is an urgent need for high-precision and high-efficiency bearing testing machines to monitor
and analyze the performance of bearings.

Objective:

By analyzing the recent patents, the characteristics and existing problems of the current
bearing testing machine are summarized to provide references for the development of bearing test
equipment in the future.

Methods:

This paper reviews various representative patents related to the third generation bearing
testing machines.

Results:

Although the structure of bearing testing machines is different, the main problems in the
structure and design principle of bearing testing machine have been summarized and analyzed, and
the development of trend and direction of the future bearing testing machine have been discussed.

Conclusion:

Bearing testing machines for health monitoring of bearing life cycle is of great significance.
The current bearing testing machine has basically achieved the monitoring and analysis
However, due to the emergence of new types of bearings, further improvement is still needed. With
the development of testing technology towards intelligent and big data-driven direction, bearing
testing machine is moving towards the type of cloud computing and large-scale testing.
Analysing the Accuracy of Elite Amateur Golf Players during a Pre-tournament Wedge Test
Authors: Brožka Matěj , Gryc Tomáš , Kotrba Milan , Zahálka František
Published: November 2021

Background:

Previous studies identified a medium/strong relationship between the accuracy of wedge play and performance of professional golf players. However, there is a lack of research studies investigating which distance in wedge play has the strongest relationship to performance.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy with wedges of elite amateur golfers and find out the relationship between accuracy from different distances and short and long-term performance.

Methods:

Ten elite golf players assessed accuracy across distances (45 – 85 m) with Trackman in a pre-tournament wedge test and afterward attended a three-round tournament.

Results:

Percentage error rate decreases (19.0% to 8.4%) with increasing distance, in addition, a significant difference in percentage error rate between 45 m distance and 85 m distance (p = 0.02) significant relation between percentage error rate and short term/long term performance indicators at 45 and 55 m.

Conclusion:

Distance control was significantly more difficult (more variable) than direction control with wedges. Significant difference between distances indicates greater difficulty in controlling distance over shorter distances played with wedges. Results show higher importance of accuracy with wedges on performance in shorter (45 and 55 m) versus longer (65, 75 and 85 m) distances. Players performed the stroke more consistently in terms of controlling key impact factors at longer distances, especially in regards to the club head speed, which, together with the ball speed, is the main determinant of the carry distance.
Effect of Additional Buoyancy Swimsuits on Performance of Competitive Swimmers
Authors: Moriyama Shin-Ichiro , Watanabe Yasunori , Kurono Tsubasa , Morais Jorge E. , Marinho Daniel A. , Wakayoshi Kohji
Published: November 2021

Background:

When in water, the Centers of Buoyancy (CoB) and Mass (CoM) of the human body are positioned cranially and caudally, respectively. With increasing distance between these centers, the sinking torque of the lower limbs increases, with a subsequent decrease in swimming performance due to increased drag.

Objective:

To clarify the effect of additional buoyancy swimsuits on swimming performance.

Methods:

The subjects were eight competitive male swimmers of mean ±SD age 21±2 years. Swimming performance was compared between Conventional (CS) and Additional Buoyancy Swimsuits (ABS). CoM and CoB were identified on land and in water, respectively, with the swimmers maintaining a horizontal posture. CoM was measured by the reaction board method. CoB was calculated as the force exerted in the vertical direction accompanied by changes in inspiratory volume. Swimming velocity and Blood Lactate (BL) concentration value during 200 m front crawl in trials at four different speeds (curve test) were recorded as swimming performance.

Results:

No significant difference in inspiratory volume was observed between CS and ABS (small effect size, d=0.28). The distance between CoM and CoB was significantly shorter for CS than ABS (p < 0.001; large effect size, d=1.08). Both swimming velocity at BL of 4 mmol·L-1 and maximal effort were significantly faster for ABS (p < 0.042; 0.008), with large effect size (d=0.91; 0.98). However, there was no significant difference in maximal BL between CS and ABS (small effect size, d=0.37).

Conclusion:

ABS improves swimming performance by streamlining the horizontal posture.
Portmanteau words of English food and beverage’s names in Indonesia
Authors: Sari Sulhizah Wulan , Martiwi Rini , Nisa Baiatun
Published: November 2021

This study aims to identify the structure of portmanteau words of English food and beverage names in linguistic and relates to cultural views. Descriptive qualitative is applied to this research by finding several data in Supermarket, Mall, Café, Restaurant, and Websites in Indonesia. They are 37 collected data of the portmanteau words that have been earned from March up to July 2020. It is analyzed by revealing their formations in the linguistic concept of word formation (blending), which is proposed by Böhmerová theory and relates to the cultural aspect. The results show that the blending types of English food and beverage's names are fused and the telescoped blend. Those combinations of blending word structures are determinative and coordinative noun. Linguistically, the relation of the portmanteau words of food and beverages name to cultural aspects is entailed in the borrowing word. Those relations represent global food identity as the output of culture formed by the English language. This study is essential not only to develop new vocabularies through the word-formation of blending in the study of linguistic but also its relation to the cultural aspect.
Exogenous factors of memory formation about the great soviet era in contemporary Russia
Authors: Larionov Aleksey , Baghdasaryan Vardan , Fedorchenko Sergey , Shults Eduard
Published: November 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of exogenous factors in the formation of the historical memory of Russian society about the Soviet era. The author refers to those components of the Russian information and cultural space that are created and broadcast into the consciousness of Russian society with direct influence and interest of foreign entities external to Russia. On the basis of facts and texts, conclusions are made about the systematic and consistent nature of attempts to influence the historical memory of Russian society in order to radically transform Russian national-historical consciousness and a sense of historical identity. The diversity of such effects is also noted. Despite the long and cumulative nature of attempts at external influence on the Russian memorial culture and social memory, a high degree of stability of the collective memory of Russian society should be stated. Not least, this is achieved thanks to the thoughtful historical policy of the Russian state over the past 15-20 years.
Control monitoring of the educational process of students with special learning needs
Authors: Liubarets Vladyslava , Miroshnichenko Tetiana , Cherusheva Galyna , Pyzh Nataliia , Protas Oksana
Published: November 2021

This article outlines and establishes the relationship of the main participants in the educational environment of inclusive education: triad “teacher-psychologist-teacher’s assistant”. The place, role and significance of the teacher's assistant in the team activity of psychological and pedagogical support, in the development and implementation of the individual program of development, differentiation and individualization of the educational process in an inclusive class, effective cooperation with parents, his participation in facilitating the socialization and adaptation of a child with special educational needs in the educational environment are determined. The stages of the educational process control of students with special educational needs and its structure are defined: assessment, diagnostics and monitoring. The principles of control and evaluation of the educational process for students with special educational needs are revealed. The participation in controlling of all members of the educational inclusive environment team is established. The importance of diagnosing the development of students with special educational needs and involving in the elaboration of an individual development program is also revealed.
Man, his security as a value in the spectrum of public power
Authors: Omelchuk Vasyl , Kalinichenko Oleksandr , Naida Inna , Romanov Mykola , Havrylenko Tetiana
Published: November 2021

Recognition of a person, his life, health, honor, dignity, inviolability and security as the highest social value, as a key principle of the Constitution of Ukraine and its implementation in the spectrum of public authority is the subject of in-depth theoretical and legal analysis. Historical origins of modern perception of human value. reaching the depths of the birth of the Christian faith, revolutionary events in the European space of the past, world wars, the adoption of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights are reflected in many constitutions of states, including modern Ukraine. At the same time, certain problems are obvious in this area, including: differences in the perception of the content of human rights in Western and Eastern civilizations, Christian and Muslim beliefs, diverse constitutional declaration and further legislative implementation, the separation of new human rights is increasingly attracting the attention of scholars and practitioners. Some of these problems have been the subject of research.
Use of selected types of crime analysis in modern criminological science
Authors: Topchii Vasyl , Topchii Oksana , Zabarniy Maksym , Karpenko Nataliіa , Hrytsiuk Ihor
Published: November 2021

The article considers methods of analysis of criminological significant information, which are used in modern criminological science. Based on the analytical study, it was concluded that at the current stage of the development of criminological science, regression (as a type of mathematical method), factor (causal), and monitoring criminological analysis are most often used. These methods of criminological analysis were analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages were determined, their recommendations for their application in criminological science were given. It was established that the use of regression analysis is not found in many criminological studies, but today this direction has been updated due to the increase in crime rates both in Ukraine and in the world. However, in criminology, this direction is now one of the promising in the formation of crime prevention measures. It has been proved that most often this type of criminological analysis is used as monitoring. It is quite often used in criminological research by analyzing statistical reporting, which is publicly available to law enforcement agencies (in particular, on the official website of the Office of the Prosecutor General). In this regard, science identifies types of monitoring analysis, which is most often used in our country.
Comparative analysis of English prepositions in and on translated into Albanian
Authors: Brestovci Meliha , Sinani Arsim
Published: November 2021

The most common meaning of prepositions is that they are used to express meaning of words placed before a noun or a pronoun, and as such they are used very frequently. English language as well as Albanian language, use prepositions a lot, thus enriching the language and giving additional possibilities for a clearer expression of functions in the sentence. The theme of this research is certain prepositions in English which have a high frequency in use, and at the same time they are in the list of simple prepositions. While comparing them, we will try to deepen the knowledge of these most frequent prepositions in English; their use and see how they are translated into Albanian. These language comparison studies are becoming increasingly appealing. The structure and norms under which words interrelate are part of the study of language as a method of communication. Scholars are faced with the requirement to do research on challenging subjects and make global and local comparisons.
Análisis lógico-semiótico de los usos del color
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Guerri Claudio F. , Huff William S. ,   State University of New York at Buffalo, USA
Published: November 2021

Este artículo quiere mostrar cómo la semiótica peirceana –de base lógico-triádica– puede ser un aporte importante para zanjar un problema que históricamente no había sido resuelto. Fue necesario el Nonágono Semiótico –derivado de la conocida clasificación de los signos de Charles S. Peirce–, para poder describir sistemáticamente una práctica usual como el uso lógico del color que ya fuera planteado como algo necesario a ser definido por Johan Wolfgang von Goethe en el siglo XIX.
QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT BASED ON ECONOMIC WELLBEING PERSPECTIVE: A CASE STUDY OF JOHOR BAHRU AND PETALING, SELANGOR
Authors: Mohamed Osman Mariana , Rosli Nur Farhanah , Rabe Noor Suzilawati
Published: November 2021

The definition of quality of life is varied. Different individuals may perceive the quality of life in a different form of other individuals. Over more than four decades, Malaysia has made remarkable achievements regarding its economic growth as well as its socio-economic development. Numerous factors have been identified that may influence the quality of life of the people according to their personal preferences. This article assessed the perception of 100 respondent's lives in two major cities in Malaysia namely Johor Bharu and Petaling. These cities are also the major district in Johor Darul Takzim and Selangor Darul Ehsan. These study also would be focusing on the economic well-being of the individual. The economic individual is economic capacity, transportation, living condition and educational satisfaction.
‘A Way of Being in the World’: An Exploration of the Experience of Developing Self-Compassion through Online Training
Authors:   Trainee clinical psychologist at University College London, London, UK, Deacon Jack , Northover Clare ,   Trainee clinical psychologist at University College London, London, UK, King John ,   Research director at University College London, London, UK, Irons Chris ,   Director and clinical psychologist at Balanced Minds, London, UK
Published: November 2021

Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) has increasingly been shown to have a positive impact for people experiencing a range of difficulties, and online self-help formats could provide a way of increasing its accessibility and scalability. This study explored adult participants’ subjective experiences of engaging with online self-compassion training drawn from Compassionate Mind Training (CMT) and CFT. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 participants who had completed online self-compassion training, and the interview data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The analysis generated four main themes and 17 sub-themes. The four main themes generated were ‘A way of being in the world’, ‘Old habits die hard’, The learning process, and Context and resources. These themes showed that while the process of developing self-compassion was often challenging, most participants described experiencing positive changes in their ways of relating to themselves and others. Participants identified many facilitators and barriers to change, including factors related to the training format and their wider social contexts. These findings support previous research into CMT and CFT, particularly in relation to some common positive changes people experience and some of the difficulties with this process (e.g. fears of compassion). Participants’ descriptions offer promise that approaches based on CMT and the CFT model can be experienced as acceptable and helpful by people engaging through an online self-help format as well as through individual and group-based interventions. The facilitators and barriers to change described by participants indicate the strong influence of people’s contexts and the need for these to be carefully considered when designing and implementing approaches.
Prenatal Yoga and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized-Control Trial
Authors:   School of Kinesiology, Recreation & Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, United States,Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dothan, AL, United States., Duchette Cathryn , Tolusso Danilo V ,   School of Kinesiology, Recreation & Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, United States, Stone Whitley J ,   School of Kinesiology, Recreation & Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, United States, Blankenship Maire M ,   School of Nursing, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, United States, Tinius Rachel A ,   School of Kinesiology, Recreation & Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, United States
Published: November 2021

Studies have demonstrated that new and expectant mothers experience increased levels of stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Though prenatal yoga is an effective mode of improving mental health during pregnancy, no research has evaluated its effect on mental health during times of extreme stress, such as a global pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of a single session and a 10-week prenatal yoga intervention on the mental health of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Women (n = 19; 28.52 ± 3.74 years; 20.94 ± 4.69 weeks gestation; BMI 29.33 ± 9.08) were randomized into a yoga or a non-yoga control group. There were no differences in demographic factors or depression/anxiety scores between groups at baseline. Baseline levels of anxiety and depression were high, with an average depression score of 8.10 ± 4.85 (scores > 8 represent possible depression) and an average anxiety score of 39.26 ± 12.99 (scores > 39 represent a clinically significant anxiety). After just one session of yoga, women reported feeling less depressed (p = 0.028), tense (p < 0.001), and fatigued (p = 0.004). After 10 weeks, the yoga group had lower anxiety (p = 0.002), depression (p = 0.032), and total mood disturbance (p = 0.002) scores when compared to the control group. Yoga appears to benefit the mental health of expectant mothers, even in times of extreme stress. The findings of this study provide clinicians with valuable information regarding alternative exercise options for mental health during pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objective Measurements of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Using Wearable Devices in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Carlin Thomas , Soulard Julie , Aubourg Timothée , Knitza Johannes , Vuillerme Nicolas
Published: November 2021

Background

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a subgroup of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Practicing regular exercise is critical to manage pain and stiffness, reduce disease activity, and improve physical functioning, spinal mobility, and cardiorespiratory function. Accordingly, monitoring physical activity and sedentary behavior in patients with axSpA is relevant for clinical outcomes and disease management.

Objective

This review aims to determine which wearable devices, assessment methods, and associated metrics are commonly used to quantify physical activity or sedentary behavior in patients with axSpA.

Methods

The PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Cochrane electronic databases will be searched, with no limit on publication date, to identify all the studies matching the inclusion criteria. Only original English-language articles published in a peer-reviewed journal will be included. The search strategy will include a combination of keywords related to the study population, wearable devices, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. We will use the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” to combine keywords as well as Medical Subject Headings terms.

Results

Search strategy was completed in June 2020 with 23 records obtained. Data extraction and synthesis are currently ongoing. Dissemination of study results in peer-reviewed journals is expected at the end of 2021.

Conclusions

This review will provide a comprehensive and detailed synthesis of published studies that examine the use of wearable devices for objective assessment of physical activity and sedentary behavior in patients with axSpA.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42020182398; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=182398

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/23359
Barriers to and Facilitators of Automated Patient Self-scheduling for Health Care Organizations: Scoping Review
Authors: Woodcock Elizabeth W
Published: November 2021

Background

Appointment management in the outpatient setting is important for health care organizations, as waits and delays lead to poor outcomes. Automated patient self-scheduling of outpatient appointments has demonstrable advantages in the form of patients’ arrival rates, labor savings, patient satisfaction, and more. Despite evidence of the potential benefits of self-scheduling, the organizational uptake of self-scheduling in health care has been limited.

Objective

The objective of this scoping review is to identify and to catalog existing evidence of the barriers to and facilitators of self-scheduling for health care organizations.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted by searching 4 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Business Source Ultimate, and Scopus) and systematically reviewing peer-reviewed studies. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to catalog the studies.

Results

In total, 30 full-text articles were included in this review. The results demonstrated that self-scheduling initiatives have increased over time, indicating the broadening appeal of self-scheduling. The body of literature regarding intervention characteristics is appreciable. Outer setting factors, including national policy, competition, and the response to patients’ needs and technology access, have played an increasing role in influencing implementation over time. Self-scheduling, compared with using the telephone to schedule an appointment, was most often cited as a relative advantage. Scholarly pursuit lacked recommendations related to the framework’s inner setting, characteristics of individuals, and processes as determinants of implementation. Future discoveries regarding these Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains may help detect, categorize, and appreciate organizational-level barriers to and facilitators of self-scheduling to advance knowledge regarding this solution.

Conclusions

This scoping review cataloged evidence of the existence, advantages, and intervention characteristics of patient self-scheduling. Automated self-scheduling may offer a solution to health care organizations striving to positively affect access. Gaps in knowledge regarding the uptake of self-scheduling by health care organizations were identified to inform future research.
Comparison of Daily Routines Between Middle-aged and Older Participants With and Those Without Diabetes in the Electronic Framingham Heart Study: Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Yuankai , Pathiravasan Chathurangi H , Hammond Michael M , Liu Hongshan , Lin Honghuang , Sardana Mayank , Trinquart Ludovic , Borrelli Belinda , Manders Emily S , Kornej Jelena , Spartano Nicole L , Nowak Christopher , Kheterpal Vik , Benjamin Emelia J , McManus David D , Murabito Joanne M , Liu Chunyu
Published: November 2021

Background

Daily routines (eg, physical activity and sleep patterns) are important for diabetes self-management. Traditional research methods are not optimal for documenting long-term daily routine patterns in participants with glycemic conditions. Mobile health offers an effective approach for collecting users’ long-term daily activities and analyzing their daily routine patterns in relation to diabetes status.

Objective

This study aims to understand how routines function in diabetes self-management. We evaluate the associations of daily routine variables derived from a smartwatch with diabetes status in the electronic Framingham Heart Study (eFHS).

Methods

The eFHS enrolled the Framingham Heart Study participants at health examination 3 between 2016 and 2019. At baseline, diabetes was defined as fasting blood glucose level ≥126 mg/dL or as a self-report of taking a glucose-lowering medication; prediabetes was defined as fasting blood glucose level of 100-125 mg/dL. Using smartwatch data, we calculated the average daily step counts and estimated the wake-up times and bedtimes for the eFHS participants on a given day. We compared the average daily step counts and the intraindividual variability of the wake-up times and bedtimes of the participants with diabetes and prediabetes with those of the referents who were neither diabetic nor prediabetic, adjusting for age, sex, and race or ethnicity.

Results

We included 796 participants (494/796, 62.1% women; mean age 52.8, SD 8.7 years) who wore a smartwatch for at least 10 hours/day and remained in the study for at least 30 days after enrollment. On average, participants with diabetes (41/796, 5.2%) took 1611 fewer daily steps (95% CI 863-2360; P<.001) and had 12 more minutes (95% CI 6-18; P<.001) in the variation of their estimated wake-up times, 6 more minutes (95% CI 2-9; P=.005) in the variation of their estimated bedtimes compared with the referents (546/796, 68.6%) without diabetes or prediabetes. Participants with prediabetes (209/796, 26.2%) also walked fewer daily steps (P=.04) and had a larger variation in their estimated wake-up times (P=.04) compared with the referents.

Conclusions

On average, participants with diabetes at baseline walked significantly fewer daily steps and had larger variations in their wake-up times and bedtimes than the referent group. These findings suggest that modifying the routines of participants with poor glycemic health may be an important approach to the self-management of diabetes. Future studies should be designed to improve the remote monitoring and self-management of diabetes.
Clinician Preimplementation Perspectives of a Decision-Support Tool for the Prediction of Cardiac Arrhythmia Based on Machine Learning: Near-Live Feasibility and Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Matthiesen Stina , Diederichsen Søren Zöga , Hansen Mikkel Klitzing Hartmann , Villumsen Christina , Lassen Mats Christian Højbjerg , Jacobsen Peter Karl , Risum Niels , Winkel Bo Gregers , Philbert Berit T , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup , Andersen Tariq Osman
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI), such as machine learning (ML), shows great promise for improving clinical decision-making in cardiac diseases by outperforming statistical-based models. However, few AI-based tools have been implemented in cardiology clinics because of the sociotechnical challenges during transitioning from algorithm development to real-world implementation.

OBJECTIVE

This study explored how an ML-based tool for predicting ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) could support clinical decision-making in the remote monitoring of patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).

METHODS

Seven experienced electrophysiologists participated in a near-live feasibility and qualitative study, which included walkthroughs of 5 blinded retrospective patient cases, use of the prediction tool, and questionnaires and interview questions. All sessions were video recorded, and sessions evaluating the prediction tool were transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed through an inductive qualitative approach based on grounded theory.

RESULTS

The prediction tool was found to have potential for supporting decision-making in ICD remote monitoring by providing reassurance, increasing confidence, acting as a second opinion, reducing information search time, and enabling delegation of decisions to nurses and technicians. However, the prediction tool did not lead to changes in clinical action and was found less useful in cases where the quality of data was poor or when VT/VF predictions were found to be irrelevant for evaluating the patient.

CONCLUSIONS

When transitioning from AI development to testing its feasibility for clinical implementation, we need to consider the following: expectations must be aligned with the intended use of AI; trust in the prediction tool is likely to emerge from real-world use; and AI accuracy is relational and dependent on available information and local workflows. Addressing the sociotechnical gap between the development and implementation of clinical decision-support tools based on ML in cardiac care is essential for succeeding with adoption. It is suggested to include clinical end-users, clinical contexts, and workflows throughout the overall iterative approach to design, development, and implementation.
Uncovering milk formula advertisements on the Chinese social media platform Weibo (Preprint)
Authors: Zhao Jing , Freeman Becky , Guo Rui Hua , Li Mu
Published: November 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

China is the largest and fastest-growing market of milk formula products and has a highly active digital media environment. Weibo is one of the most popular social media channels in China. The International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes aims to prevent aggressive marketing practices to protect mothers and babies. The advent of Weibo presents new challenges for the promotion, protection, and support of breastfeeding in China. The study aims 1) Investigate the frequency of posting by popular milk formula brands on Weibo 2) Uncover common Weibo post themes and marketing techniques used by milk formula brands and companies. We examined the four most popular milk formula brands' official Weibo accounts: Biotime, Mead Johnson, YiLi-Prokido and Friso, each had more than 1.4 million followers. We developed a preliminary coding framework with coding categories based on previous studies. Initially, we coded one hundred original posts from each account using an iterative process of coding. The final set of ten coding categories were mutually exclusive. Totaling 2,667 original posts were coded and analyzed. Three categories had the highest proportions of original posts (65%) across the four accounts; they were: increase user engagement (939/2667, 35.2%), parenting advice (516/2667, 19.3%), and celebrity endorsement (327/2667, 12.3%). The remaining seven categories, including claims that milk formula is very close to breast milk, fear appeals of breastfeeding, sponsorship or title sponsor of event/TV reality shows, accounted for 35% of the total number of original posts. This study revealed that advertising practices were common, particularly prizes, parenting advice, and celebrity endorsement of milk formula products in milk formula brands' Weibo accounts. Therefore, monitoring and regulation to ban digital media advertising of milk formula in China are urgently needed.