bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) Patient with Mixed Levels of Actionable Variant Evidence
Authors: Schuh Michael J. , Crosby Sheena
Published: May 2020

Objective: To demonstrate the types of clinical recommendations a pharmacogenomics pharmacist may make to medical clinicians with regard to medication management to improve therapeutic outcomes based on varied levels of medical literature evidence.

Summary: This case demonstrates how a common type of patient seen in a pharmacist practice may present with a varied pharmacogenomic (PGx) profile, how they may benefit from PGx analysis, and how varying levels of medical literature evidence can be used with clinical decision making.

Conclusion: PGx testing can help avoid adverse drug reactions (ADRs) or medication inefficacy by assisting in the adjustment of current or future medication doses. It can also help predict the best medications to use or those to avoid in advance by eliminating much of the existing dosing or medication selection method of trial and error.

 

Article Type: Case Study
AVALIAÇÃO DA PERCEPÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE MULHERES IDOSAS PRATICANTES DO MÉTODO PILATES E IDOSAS SEDENTÁRIAS, NA REGIÃO DO SERTÃO PERNAMBUCANO
Authors: Dos Santos Nilvânia Aparecida , Nascimento Marcelo de Maio
Published: May 2020

O processo do envelhecimento humano é  responsável por uma série de transformações de ordem biopsicossociais, que afetam a saúde e a qualidade de vida (QV) da pessoa. Uma estratégia para ampliar os níveis de QV consiste na prática regular de exercícios físicos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar e comparar os níveis da percepção da QV de mulheres idosas praticantes regulares do método Pilates e sedentárias, residentes na cidade de Petrolina-PE. Trata-se de um estudo analítico transversal, com amostra não probabilística por conveniência e intencional, formada por mulheres idosas, divididas em grupo Pilates (n=20), integrantes de um programa de extensão universitária, e Sedentário (n=20). Quatro instrumentos foram utilizados: Questionário Sociodemográfico, Mini-exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), Questionário WHOQOL-BREF e Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). A homogeneidade dos dados foi verificada com o Teste de Shapiro-Wilk, aplicando-se o teste não paramétrico (teste T para amostras independentes). Dados categóricos foram processados pelo teste Chi- Quadrado. O nível de significância adotado foi de p?0,05. Integrantes do grupo Pilates apresentaram maior pontuação nos domínios do WHOQOL-BREF. Diferenças significativas foram observadas no domínio Psicológico (p<0,001). Físico (p?0,05) e Avaliação total da QV (p?0,05). Conclui-se que a prática regular do Pilates interfere positivamente na percepção da saúde física e mental de mulheres idosas.
CÂNCER INFANTOJUVENIL: PERFIL DOS PACIENTES ATENDIDOS NA UNIDADE DE ALTA COMPLEXIDADE EM ONCOLOGIA (UNACON) EM RIO BRANCO – ACRE, BRASIL, NO ANO DE 2017
Authors: Nascimento Amanda Sibélle Mendonça , Nobre Iago Correia , Lima Maria de Fátima de Souza , De Arruda Eder Ferreira , Volpáti Natasha Varjão
Published: May 2020

O câncer infantojuvenil corresponde a um grupo de várias doenças que têm em comum a proliferação descontrolada de células anormais e que pode ocorrer em qualquer órgão em fase do desenvolvimento. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil clínico e epidemiológico de crianças e adolescentes atendidos na UNACON durante o ano de 2017. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, desenvolvido a partir da análise de 20 prontuários de crianças e adolescentes com câncer. Foram coletados dados sobre as características sociodemográficas e clínicas-epidemiológicas dos pacientes. Os dados foram digitados, revisados e analisados no programa estatístico SPSS. Foram calculadas as frequências e a média das variáveis de interesse. Observou-se que a maior frequência de pacientes estava na faixa etária de um a três anos (45,0%), do sexo masculino (60,0%), pardos (70,0%), com renda familiar de até um salário mínimo (60,0%) e metade procedentes do interior do estado (50,0%), sendo o tipo de câncer mais diagnosticado a leucemia linfoide aguda (45,0%) e o principal tratamento utilizado a quimioterapia (95,0%), causando principalmente alopecia (100%), algia (100%), náuseas (65,0%), palidez (40,0%) e febre (25,0%) nos pacientes. Foi possível concluir que conhecer o perfil pode contribuir para a tomada de decisões da equipe gestora e profissionais de saúde da unidade no estabelecimento de medidas assistenciais aos pacientes, visando um atendimento mais humanizado, voltado para as necessidades sociodemográficas e levando em consideração as características clínicas-epidemiológicas desse grupo populacional.
DIFICULDADES NA APRENDIZAGEM ESCOLAR, ATRASO MOTOR E PRÁTICA DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Nascimento Alexandre , Sena Nascimento Gabriel
Published: May 2020

O processo humano do aprendizado é marcado pelo dinamismo e complexidade, estruturado a partir do ato motor e da percepção, dando origem a cognição. Contudo a influência da prática de atividade física e das aulas de educação física no desenvolvimento da função cognitiva ainda não é consenso entre os pesquisadores, sendo assim, esse estudo tem como objetivo verificar se crianças escolares com dificuldade na aprendizagem apresentam algum atraso motor e se a prática de atividade física contribui para melhora do processo cognitivo de aprendizagem. Foram selecionados neste estudo 7 artigos que investigaram (n=796) escolares de 6 a 12 anos. Os resultados demonstraram que a dificuldade na aprendizagem escolar está relacionada ao atraso motor e que grupos que participaram de atividades física e das aulas de educação física melhoraram o aspecto motor e o desempenho das funções cognitivas de aprendizagem. Portanto torna-se fundamental a prática de atividade física e a participação das aulas de Educação Física, devido sua contribuição no processo de fortalecimento do desenvolvimento infantil.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS PARÂMETROS HEMATOLÓGICOS EM RATOS WISTAR DESCENDENTES DE MÃES OBESAS
Authors: Pádua Sandriele Oliveira , Silva Shayenne Kattiucya Fonseca , Assis Crisley Sharon Gomes , Teófilo Monatha Nayara Guimarães , Castro Frank Sousa , Barros Laiza Alencar Santos , Penna Karlla Greick Batista Dias , Blanch Graziela Torres , Gomes CLAYSON Moura
Published: May 2020

O modelo de obesidade em ratos por meio de uma dieta hiperlipídica têm se consolidado, sendo relevante compreender os componentes da hereditariedade nesta enfermidade. Através do hemograma é possível avaliar os elementos sanguíneos e as células responsáveis pela defesa do organismo, incluindo a morfologia e interpretação das mesmas. Compreender estes fatores em ratos descendentes de mães obesas poderia contribuir na compreensão dos mecanismos imuno-hematológicos envolvidos na obesidade e na hereditariedade. Com isso o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os parâmetros hematológicos e leucocitários de ratos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica descendentes de mães obesas. Foram utilizadas 20 ratas Wistar (peso inicial 200g) alimentadas com dieta padrão (CT) ou com dieta hiperlipídica (HL). Posteriormente, alocou-se 3 fêmeas com 1 macho por 4 dias, certificando o cruzamento. Após 23 dias do nascimento da ninhada, foi feita a separação da prole em 4 grupos com 5 animais cada, e submetidos à dieta HL ou CT. Ficando então os grupos CT, CT+ HL, HL, HL + CT. Após 20 semanas de dieta, os animais foram anestesiados e tiveram peritônio exposto para coleta de sangue, que serviu para a realização e análise do hemograma, por diferenciação celular. Todos os procedimentos foram realizados de acordo com as diretrizes da utilização de animais para fins científicos (Lei 11.794/08), e protocolada no CEUA sob o n° 9062310117. As ratas HL tiveram um ganho de peso significativamente maior a partir da 10ª semana, comparando as ratas CT. Já em relação à prole, após 13 semanas, o grupo HL obteve um ganho de peso maior em relação aos demais grupos: CT: 144,8 ± 12,15 g; CT+HL (ratos descendentes de mães CT alimentados com ração HL): 138,6 ± 5,34 g; HL+CT (ratos descendentes de mães HL alimentados com ração CT): 152,2 ± 5,23 g; HL 161 ± 10,75 g. Nos parâmetros hematológicos da prole, foi observada diferença entre o grupo CT e experimental, os monócitos apresentaram uma redução significativa de 1,6± 0,89, hemoglobina 13,8 ± 1,07, hematócrito 37,9 ± 5,51 nos grupos que receberam dieta CT comparado à CT+HL, VCM apresentou aumento de 50,4 ± 0,55 no grupo CT e 53,5 ± 0,58 na dieta HL. Dentro das condições experimentais deste trabalho e com base nos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a dieta hiperlipídica é capaz de induzir a obesidade, com capacidade de influenciar a proliferação e a diferenciação hematopoiética, porém a prole alimentada com ração padrão (CT) consegue adaptar a dieta independente do fator hereditário em relação à obesidade.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE ROUND TABLE DAPAT MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA POKOK BAHASAN ARITMATIKA SOSIAL DI KELAS VII 8 SMP NEGERI 10 PEKANBARU
Authors: Yulmaliza Yulmaliza
Published: May 2020

Learning is essentially a process of interaction with all situations around individuals. Learning activities are the most basic activities in the whole process of education in schools. The success of educational attainment in schools depends on the learning process that students experience as students. Teachers as educators who are directly involved in the implementation of learning in charge of creating learning conditions that can make learners learn optimally to get a satisfactory learning outcomes.The learning process can be done in school, at home, or in the place of study guidance. For learning in school, learners are faced with a number of subjects, one of which is the subject of mathematics. Learning can be viewed as a process directed to the goals and processes of doing through various experiences. Learning is also a process of seeing, observing, and understanding things. Mathematics is one of the subjects received by students in junior high.Mathematics is a science that studies about the material, natural phenomena and mechanisms that occur therein. More simply can be said that math is closely related to daily life. What we experience, what we do, why it happens and why. Subjects in the subject of mathematics is not only a calculation, but also the ability of learners to understand the concept to link learning with daily life.One of the subjects of mathematics in the form of conceptual and calculation or theoretical understanding is social arithmetic. Based on the research results obtained the value of the first cycle, the second cycle daan third cycle in a row 81.85%, 84.50% and 87.43%.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI QUESTIONS STUDENTS HAVE (QSH) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN LANGSUNG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS X1 SMA NEGERI 2 BANGKO KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR
Authors: Romawati Romawati
Published: May 2020

Students' success in learning math is largely determined by the achievement of the learning process and requires the participation of students in writing. This study aims to improve students' mathematics learning outcomes of grade X SMA public 2 Bangko Semester Odd Year 2016/2017 on the subject matter of Equation and Quadratic Inequality by implementing QSH strategy in direct learning. This research includes collaborative classroom action research. Implementation of the research conducted in SMA public 2 Bangko Rokan Hilir Regency in the odd semester of the academic year 2016/2017. The research subjects of class X2 students as many as 26 people. This study consists of two cycles based on Arikunto (2010). Technique of data collection using observation sheet and test result of learning. Data analysis technique with descriptive statistical analysis. Implementation of QSH strategy in direct learning can improve mathematics learning outcomes of students of class X SMA public 2 Bangko academic year 2016/2017, especially on the subject matter of equations and quadratic inequalities.
PENGARUH KEADAAN DIRI,UNSUR PENYOKONG DAN FAKTOR DEMOGRAFI TERHADAP TEKAD KEWIRAUSAHAAN MAHASISWA PERGURUAN TINGGI DI PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Sukarni Sukarni , Othman Norasmah , Othman Norasmah
Published: May 2020

This study identifies factors that influence the determination of entrepreneurial. Thereare five for influence elements of determination entrepreneurial: self-efficacy,achievement motivation, facilitates capital, social relationships and entrepreneurialknowledge. A questionnaire was distributed to 389 university students. Finding shownthat the majority of students agreed that entrepreneurial knowledge, self-efficacy,achievement motivation and facilitates capital of key factors do influencedentrepreneurial determination. AMOS path analysis was used to identify thecontribution of the direct and indirect influence of the five dimensions ofentrepreneurial determination. Several hypotheses have been tested and found thatentrepreneurial determination influenced by entrepreneurial knowledge, self-efficacy,achievement motivation and facilitates capital. However, gender, financial supportand group activities did not moderate the entrepreneurial determination, whereasstudent residence do moderate to entrepreneurship determination. Furthermore, selfefficacydo moderated by gender, student residence and group activities, but financialsupport do not moderate self-efficacy. Gender, student residence, financial supportand group activities did not moderate achievement motivation. Finally the studyproposes guidelines to develop an effective entrepreneurship curriculum for universityin the Riau Province.Key words: entrepreneurial determination, self-efficacy, achievement motivation,facilitates capital, social relationships, student residence, entrepreneurialknowledge
BEST PRACTICE: IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN MELALUI PENERAPAN PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KREATIVITAS DAN INOVASI PESERTA DIDIK SMA NEGERI 2 PEKANBARU TAHUN 2017
Authors: Zurina Zurina
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article was to find out whether Entrepreneurship Education Program may create an active creativity and inovation of students at SMA Negeri 2 Pekanbaru. The Entrepreneurship Education Program is one of the answers to overcome various problems, especially the problem of unemployment in Indonesia. Students need to be given debriefing on entrepreneurial competencies with the aim of preparing students in order to create jobs, alleviate the problem of unemployment, poverty, economic downturn and politically can lift the dignity and dignity as an independent nation. With the development of entrepreneurship programs the writer as the principal is more proactive in finding and utilizing opportunities to achieve success so that it will bring change in the organization towards a more adaptive one in the face of various environmental changes and 21st century challenges.Kata Kunci: Implementation, Entrepreneurship Education Program, Realizing Creativity and Innovation
Towards Reversible and Moisture Tolerant Aprotic Lithium-Air Batteries
Authors: Temprano Israel , Liu Tao , Petrucco Enrico , Ellison James H. J. , Kim Gunwoo , Jónsson Erlendur , Grey Clare P.
Published: May 2020

The development of moisture-tolerant, LiOH-based non-aqueous Li-O2 batteries is a promising route to bypassing the inherent limitations caused by the instability of their typical discharge products, LiO2 and Li2O2. The use of the I-/I3- redox couple to mediate the LiOH-based oxygen reduction and oxidation reactions has proven challenging to develop due to the multiple reaction paths induced by the oxidation of I- on cell charging. In this work we demonstrate a reversible LiOH-based Li-O2 battery cycling through a 4 e-/O2 process with low charging overpotential (below 3.5 V vs Li/Li+) by introducing an ionic liquid to a glyme-based electrolyte containing LiI and water. The addition to the ionic liquid increases the oxidizing power of I3-, shifting the charging mechanism from IO-/IO3- formation to O2 evolution
Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of an Aluminum Hexafluorophosphate Electrolyte
Authors: Wen Xiaoyu , Zhang Jian , Luo Hewei , Tsay Charlene , Jiang Huanhuan , Lin Ying-Hsuan , Guo Juchen
Published: May 2020

We report the first synthesis of aluminum hexafluorophosphate (Al(PF6)3) and its electrochemical properties in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The single crystal structure of the synthesized Al(PF6)3 is revealed as Al(PF6)3·(DMSO)6, and 0.25 M Al(PF6)3 in DMSO with high ionic conductivity is obtained. With characterizations including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we demonstrate the reversibility of Al deposition-stripping in the electrolyte, which can be improved by triethylaluminium as the electrolyte additive. Finally, the side reaction involving DMSO decomposition to form aluminum oxide during Al deposition is identified by gas chromatography/electron ionization-mass spectrometry.
In Silico Screening of Naturally Occurring Coumarin Derivatives for the Inhibition of the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Lyndem Sona , Sarmah Sharat , Das Sourav , Singha Roy Atanu
Published: May 2020

The dissemination of a novel corona virus, SARS-CoV-2, through rapid human to human transmission has led to a global health emergency. The lack of a vaccine or medication for effective treatment of this disease has made it imperative for developing novel drug discovery approaches. Repurposing of drugs is one such method currently being used to tackle the viral infection. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 replicates due to the functioning of a main protease called Mpro. By targeting the active site of Mpro with potential inhibitors, this could prevent viral replication from taking place. Blind docking technique was used to investigate the interactions between 29 naturally occurring coumarin compounds and SARS-CoV-2 main protease, Mpro, out of which 17 coumarin compounds were seen to bind to the active site through the interaction with the catalytic dyad, His41 and Cys145, along with other neighbouring residues. On comparing the ΔG values of the coumarins bound to the active site of Mpro, corymbocoumarin belonging to the class pyranocoumarins, methylgalbanate belonging to the class simple coumarins and heraclenol belonging to the class furanocoumarins, displayed best binding efficiency and could be considered as potential Mpro protease inhibitors. Preliminary screening of these naturally occurring coumarin compounds as potential SARS-CoV-2 replication inhibitors acts as a stepping stone for further in vitro and in vivo experimental investigation and analytical validation.
Catalytic Three-component C–C Bond Forming Dearomatization of Bromoarenes with Malonates and Diazo Compounds
Authors: Kato Hiroki , Musha Itsuki , Komatsuda Masaaki , Muto Kei , Yamaguchi Junichiro
Published: May 2020

A Pd-catalyzed dearomative three-component C–C bond formation of bromoarenes with diazo compounds and malonates was developed. Various bromoarenes ranging from benzenoids to azines and heteroles were transformed to the corresponding substituted alicyclic molecules. The key of this reaction is the generation of a benzyl-palladium intermediate, which reacts with malonates to form a Pd–O-enolate species. Strikingly, the present method enabled rapid access to multi-substituted alicycles through subsequent elaboration of dearomatized products.
Super-Heavy Elements (Z = 100-109) Treated as Calcium Clusters: First Ionization Energies
Authors: de Farias Robson
Published: May 2020

In the present work, it is shown that the first ionization energies for super-heavy elements (Z= 100-109) can be calculated by a semi-empirical method, if the super-heavy elements are treated (modelled) as calcium clusters. The values calculated in the present work are in good agreement compared with those from literature (modelling the super-heavy elements themselves, based on relativistic quantum mechanics).
Detection of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate by Ion-Transfer Stripping Voltammetry at an Array of Microinterfaces Between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions
Authors: Viada Benjamin N. , Yudi L. Mabel , Arrigan Damien
Published: May 2020

We present an analytical approach for the detection of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) by ion transfer stripping voltammetry at an array of micro-interfaces between two immiscible electrolyte solutions. With this approach, picomolar concentrations are detected and environmental matrix effects are evaluated.
Resting heart rate variability as a possible marker of cognitive decline
Authors: Grässler Bernhard , Hökelmann Anita , Cabral Richard Halti
Published: May 2020

Cognition is a major subject to be addressed nowadays due to the increasing number of cognitively affected people in most societies. Because of a lack of pharmaceutical therapies treating cognitive decline, its indicators should be diagnosed before it becomes prevalent. Scientific evidence indicates a relationship between cognition and the nervous system, especially its autonomic part. Heart rate variability (HRV) as an indicator of the autonomic nervous system functioning has been studied as a biological marker for the evaluation of cognitive performance. Therefore, HRV is a possible indicator of cognitive impairment. The aim was to provide a systematic literature review about the association between resting HRV and the cognitive performance. Five cognitive functions were analysed separately: executive functions, memory and learning, language abilities, visuospatial functioning, and processing speed. Furthermore, the global cognitive function evaluated with cognitive test batteries was considered too. An electronic database search was conducted with five databases. Three search fields comprised HRV, cognitive performance, and adult subjects. The final dataset consisted of 27 articles. Significant correlations in each cognitive function were found, except for processing speed, suggesting a positive association between resting HRV and cognitive performance. Mechanisms underlying this association between cardiovascular health and cognition are discussed. For the future, HRV could be used in diagnostics as an indicator of cognitive impairment before symptoms of dementia get apparent. With a timely diagnosis, preventative tools could be initiated at an early stage of dementia.
Membangun Konsep Ideal Penerapan Asas Iktikad Baik Dalam Hukum Perjanjian
Authors: Arifin Miftah
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengakaji dan menganalisa konsep ideal dalam penerapan iktikad baik dalam hukum perjanjian. Pengaturan iktikad baik sebaiknya dirumuskan sebagai “sikap atau perilaku berpegang teguh pada perjanjian untuk memberikan kepada lawan janji apa yang menjadi haknya dan tidak mencari-cari celah untuk melepaskan diri dari apa yang telah diperjanjikan berdasarkan kepatutan dan kerasionalan. Standar yang digunakan dalam iktikad baik objektif adalah standar yang objektif yang mengacu kepada suatu norma yang objektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Perilaku para pihak dalam perjanjian harus diuji atas dasar norma-norma objektif yang tidak tertulis yang berkembang di dalam masyarakat. Norma tersebut dikatakan objektif karena tingkah laku didasarkan pada anggapan para pihak sendiri, tetapi tingkah laku tersebut harus sesuai dengan anggapan umum tentang iktikad baik tersebut. Fungsi iktikad baik yang ketiga adalah fungsi membatasi dan meniadakan. Beberapa para pakar hukum sebelum perang berpendapat bahwa iktikad baik juga memiliki fungsi ini. Mereka mengajarkan bahwa suatu perjanjian tertentu atau suatu ketentuan undang-undang mengenai kontrak itu dapat dikesampingkan, jika sejak dibuatnya kontrak itu keadaan telah berubah, sehingga pelaksanaan kontrak itu menimbulkan ketidakadilan.
Sistem Noken Di Provinsi Papua: Studi Putusan MK Nomor 47-81/PHPU.A-VII/2009
Authors: Mulyani Tri , Nuswanto A Heru , Sukimin Sukimin
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menganalisis dasar pertimbangan hukum hakim MK dalam Putusan MK No. 47-81/PHPU.A-VII/2009 terkait dengan legitimasi sistem noken di Provinsi Papua, berserta implikasinya. Tujuan ini didasari kenyataan bahwa sistem pemilu di Indonesia dilaksanakan berdasarkan demokrasi Pancasila, dengan asas Luber-Jurdil, namun jika ada satu daerah yang melaksanakan berbeda dengan daerah lainnya, maka akan menimbulkan pro dan kontra di masyarakat, yaitu di Provinsi Papua, dengan menggunakan sistem noken, hingga berujung sengketa pemilu di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah yuridis normatif, dengan analisis data kualitatif. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa dasar pertimbangan hukum hakim konstitusi dalam Putusan MK No 47-81/PHPU.A-VII/2009 terkait dengan legitimasi sistem Noken Di Provinsi Papua merujuk pendapat Bagir Manan bahwa dalam setiap putusan, wajib mengandung unsur yuridis, sosiologis dan filosofis tidak terpenuhi, salah satunya adalah unsur yuridis, yaitu mengenai tata cara pelaksanaan pemilu dengan sistem Noken sebagai pengganti kotak suara dan pengambilan suara secara transparan dengan prosedur musyawarah dan kemudian menyerahkan segala putusan kepada kepala suku, tidak sesuai dengan sistem pemilu nasional yang tata caranya didasarkan pada Pasal 22E Ayat (1) UUD NRI Tahun 1945 yaitu Pemilu dilaksanakan secara Luber-Jurdil. Unsur sosiologis dapat terlihat pada kenyataan bahwa pemerintah memberikan perlindungan dan penghormatan sebagai daerah istemewa dan memberikan legitimasi sistem noken. Secara filosofis tercermin pada saat Mahkamah Konstitusi mengesampingkan peraturan tertulis demi menegakkan keadilan bagi masyarakat hukum adat yang masih hidup di wilayah pegunungan. Adapun implikasinya bahwa putusan MK, adalah sah dan bersifat erga omnes, sehingga secara nasional, akan tetap hidup dan berkembang di tengah-tengah masyarakat adat Papua.
Redivasi Kelembagaan Otoritas Penerimaan Pajak Indonesia Dalam Pembaharuan Sistem Hukum Perpajakan Nasional Yang Progresif
Authors: Sihombing Januardo Sulung Partogi
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan urgensi atas tindakan redivasi yang optimal dari Direktorat Jenderal Pajak menjadi Badan Penerimaan Pajak sebagai suatu pembaharuan sistem hukum perpajakan nasional yang progresif. Adapun unsur filosofis yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah kepentingan reinstitusionalisasi dan tujuan negara demi pemberlakuan sistem perpajakan yang progresif. Bagaimana keberadaan Badan Penerimaan Pajak sebagai sebuah backbone negara di pos penerimaan? Bagaimanakah upaya redivasi sistem perpajakan nasional dalam bentuk pelembagaan otorisasi dan norma yang progresif? Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dan konseptual, menggunakan data sekunder berupa perundang-undangan dan buku-buku yang didukung oleh data primer kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan diolah secara kualitatif. Temuan dari penelitian ini dikaji dari skala penerimaan pajak sebagai backbone di pos penerimaan Negara adalah Indonesia masih dianggap tertinggal jauh, meskipun pembaharuan dan perencanaan perbaikan konsep terus dilakukan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pajak untuk menjadi suatu badan yang lebih otonom seperti beberapa negara lain. Namun demikian, upaya pembentukan badam ini semakin jauh dari rencana terlebih lagi dengan adanya pembahasan Omnibus Law sektor perpajakan yang justru berpotensi mengurangi penerimaan Negara. Upaya redivasi dalam mewujudkan sistem perpajakan nasional yang progresif dapat diusahakan dengan memberlakukan teori dari Paul Bohannan, yang menjelaskan pentingnya pengaturan pelembagaan kembali dari norma-norma (reinstitutionalization of norms), hal ini sesuai dengan kondisi kelembagaan perpajakan Indonesia yang masih bercampur fungsi budgetair dan regulerendnya sehingga menghambat optimalisasi kinerja.
The effect of blanching and foam mat drying on the physico-chemical characteristics of white sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) inulin
Authors: Yudhistira B. , Abigail L.E. , Siswanti  , Prabawa S.
Published: May 2020

White sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of the tubers that have the potential to
produce inulin and largely abundant in Indonesia. Several factors can affect the physical
and chemical characteristics of inulin including the preliminary treatment and the drying
method. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of blanching and foam mat
drying method on the physical and chemical characteristics of white sweet potato inulin.
The physical and chemical characteristics evaluated include solubility, total sugar, sugar
reductions, discussed inulin and inulin molecular weight. The experimental design in this
study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors, namely blanching
and differences in egg white composition (2%; 6%; and 10%). The data were processed
statistically using One-Way ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. The results showed
that blanching and foam mat drying can affect the yield, solubility, water absorption,
moisture content, and molecular weight of inulin. The blanched and unblanched samples
with an increase in albumen concentration will reduce the yield, moisture content and
molecular weight and increase solubility and water absorption. All blanched formulations
produced higher yield, moisture content, solubility, and water absorption than the
unblanched formulation.
Cronologias Da Infância E Disputas De Representações Em Textos Eclesiásticos E Jurídicos No Brasil Império
Authors: Tuchinski dos Anjos Juarez José
Published: May 2020

Na medida em que a historiografia compreende a infância como uma construção social sobre um período da vida humana que informa as experiências concretas de ser criança na história (CUNNINGHAN, 1997), torna-se relevante estudar como, em determinados contextos, se procurou delimitar cronologicamente a sua duração e, de que maneira, diferentes instituições, ao produzirem sobre ela distintas representações (CHARTIER, 2002), disputaram para si esse tempo da vida. Assim, valendo-se da noção de lutas de representações (CHARTIER, 2002), o objetivo do artigo é identificar as representações sobre as cronologias da infância presentes em textos eclesiásticos e jurídicos em circulação no Brasil Império, evidenciando como disputavam entre si e eram postas a serviço dos interesses da Igreja e do Estado, formados, então, por três grupos distintos: os regalistas, os liberais e os ultramontanos. Utilizando-se a metodologia histórica, as fontes interrogadas são as Constituições Primeiras do Arcebispado da Bahia e o Abecedário Jurídico, de Carlos Antonio Cordeiro. As conclusões, num primeiro momento, apontam que as cronologias encontradas praticamente coincidem entre si, sendo a infância, para a Igreja e o Estado, o período da vida da criança que ia do nascimento aos doze/catorze anos (no caso de meninas/meninos). Todavia, um olhar aprofundado deixa entrever que a Igreja, por meio das cronologias que propunha, conseguia manter-se mais presente e influente na vida das famílias e das crianças, na medida em que através de uma série de subdivisões e responsabilidades, preenchia com inúmeras especificidades todo o tempo da vida da criança que procurava delimitar.
Infância Nos Caminhos Da Psicologia: Representações De Infância Psicologizada Na Revista Pais & Filhos (1968-1989)
Authors: Borba dos Santos Liana Pereira
Published: May 2020

Este estudo, de caráter histórico e documental, visa compreender de que forma a revista mensal Pais & Filhos contribuiu para a produção e a divulgação de representações de uma dimensão de infância psicologizada na sociedade brasileira no período de 1968 a 1989, segundo perspectiva que tinha na Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e na Psicanálise suas bases científicas por excelência. O estudo das representações remete às práticas socioculturais que possibilitam, circunscrevem e determinam experiências de infância em um contexto histórico (CHARTIER, 2002; KUHLMANN JR.; FERNANDES, 2004). Em Pais & Filhos, constatou-se a presença da Psicologia do Desenvolvimento como discurso canônico sobre a infância, por meio de matérias, seções fixas e testes que apresentavam o processo de crescimento da criança em bases cronológicas. O tema da sexualidade infantil também se destacou pela divulgação de modos de “fazer falar o sexo” (FOUCAULT, 2009), exemplificado pela frequência do discurso especializado que visava explicar o desenvolvimento afetivo e sexual das crianças tendo os estudos de Freud, Klein e Winnicott como referências predominantes. Pais & Filhos atuou como espaço pedagógico de formação dos pais-leitores, servindo de guia aparentemente confiável e especializado para a explicação dos comportamentos infantis. Espera-se, assim, que este estudo contribua para o campo de produção científica que tem as representações relativas à infância e à sua educação como foco, assim como para o campo de estudos da História da Educação que tem a imprensa periódica de ampla circulação como fonte privilegiada de pesquisa.
Testing Market Efficiency, Predictability and Profitability at Pakistan Stock Exchange Using Firm-level Data
Authors: Syed Arshad Ali Shah  , Naimat Ullah Khan  , Muhammad Daud Ali
Published: May 2020

This study examines market efficiency in the light of the simple moving average technical trading rules on daily closing share prices of 100 companies listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange over ten years from 2006 to 2015. The results show strong support for simple moving average rules having both predictability and profitability for PSX. It refers that the returns from these rules are not same as investors earn from a naïve buy and hold strategy. The uses of these simple moving average rules produce abnormal returns to investors and hence nullify the weak form of efficiency on PSX.
The Role of Rater Motivation and Training in Effective Performance Appraisal System in Public Sector Universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Asad khan  , Altaf Hussain  , Mohammad Hanif khan
Published: May 2020

Performance appraisal is considered to be the most significant element of performance management but often the former involves controversial practices, among other variables influenced by accuracy and effectiveness. However, it is generally understood that performance appraisal system commonly result into positive organizational outcomes, yet the accuracy of the measuring tools is still an arguable issue with more criticisms. The ongoing matters are measured and tested as a case study approach by paying attention on higher education institutions. Since higher education is progressively playing a vital role in economic competitiveness of a country. Aiming to examine the effect of rater motivation and rater training on performance appraisal process in public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and recognized as a critical contribution to organizational and people’s performance. Thus, this study finds the effects and consequences of rater motivation and rater training on performance appraisal system. This study is survey based, 300 questionnaires in total were distributed among the faculty of public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Out of which 160 were received back recording response rate of 53%. Findings of this study indicate that there was positive and significant relationship between rater motivation and performance appraisal and also between rater training and performance appraisal in public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The current study offers researchers with the opportunity to search performance appraisal from a new perspective which has never been explored before in a developing country like Pakistan.
Analysis of Energy Crisis, Energy Security and Potential of Renewable Energy: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Latif  , Muhammad Yousaf Raza  , Chaudhary Ghulam Mujtaba , Adeel Arshad
Published: May 2020

Over the last thirty years, Asian countries have become a chief player in the worldwide scene. Pakistan is facing an acute energy disaster since last decade that impacts on social and economic development. Sustainable energy supply is an essential feature for the economic growth of any society. From the last five years, Pakistan is facing a shortfall between 4,000-5,000 megawatt. This study inspects the association between energy security, energy crisis, energy demand, energy supply, and renewable potential in Pakistan. It also evaluates the final energy demand-supply gap, provincial renewable energy distribution, sectorial distribution, and policy recommendation for future energy. For this study, we applied renewable and non-renewable energy scenarios during 2014-2035 and Market-Allocation method to prove the energy situation in Pakistan. The outcomes show that renewable resources are the best option in reducing energy risk, import cost, and enhance environmental and economic sustainability. With the objectives of our key findings, targeted suggestions and policies are given.
Role of Banks in Money Laundering through Fake Bank Accounts and Writing off Loan in Pakistan: An Analytical Study
Authors: Habib Rao Imran , Attia Madni  , Naureen Akhtar
Published: May 2020

Purpose: Recent media reports of money laundering through fake bank accounts implicate the involvement of banks in money laundering through "managed bank accounts". Further the waivers of loan of apparently sound institutions also give rise to specific questions and reservations on the role of banks. This paper attempts to explore the answer to those fundamental questions.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The research follows qualitative content analysis methods to critically analyze the role of banks in money laundering and loan waiver policies.

Findings: The research finds that despite of heavy banking regulations and laws the banking accounts are being used for money laundering. Further, the research concludes that the act of waiving off loans allegedly has provided a channel to misuse the public earned money, resulting in gross loss to the public exchequer.

Implications/Originality/Value: The research concludes that the role of bank in maintaining the fake/idle accounts and the loan waiver policy and its malafide usage in the banking sector resulted in financial frauds and money laundering in Pakistan
International Financial Integration through Depositary Receipts (DRs)
Authors: Bacha Obiyathulla Ismath , Ibrahim Norhazlina , Ibrahim Mansor H.
Published: May 2020

The issue of liquidity and underdevelopment of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) stock markets has caused problems to companies in those countries that seek higher equity capital. One way out of this problem is to employ international markets more intensively by seeking cheaper cost of capital through Depositary Receipts (DRs). Many studies on DRs focused on emerging and developed countries, leaving many OIC countries behind. Thus, this study investigates the financial implication by examining the integration of returns of local and foreign stock markets via American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) of OIC countries. Techniques employed in this study are cointegration and the speed of adjustments to examine the existence of integration between the local and foreign stock markets. The study covers a sample of 146 firms from 17 OIC countries that are cross-listed as ADRs or GDRs from 1992 to 2011. The findings show mixed results when some markets provide evidence of integration while others show evidence of segmentation. The study on the integration between DR and home equity markets has practical implications for both the international as well as domestic investors especially on portfolio selection, asset pricing and risk management
Impact of Foreign Remittances on Financial Development of Pakistan
Authors: Ghulam Mustafa  , Said Zamin Shah  , Asim Iqbal
Published: May 2020

Purpose: Mostly developing countries are not receiving the remittances with same speed as compared to workers’ outflow. This cumbersome situation allows developing countries to go to external source of funding (debt) for economic and financial development-FD. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the nexus between FD and remittances in Pakistan for the period 1976-2015.  
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study utilizes the time series annual data for the period 1976-2015. Data were taken from different sources like world bank data source and different economic surveys of Pakistan.  To evaluate the long run relationships between FD and remittances, Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) strategy is utilized.
Findings: The empirical results indicate that remittances have a significant positive impact on FD (M2/GDP) except for CPS/GDP measure of FD which has insignificant positive coefficient.
Implications/Originality/Value: Most of previous literature measured FD with the ratio of money supply to GDP (M2/GDP) however, the current study measured with two indicators i.e. the ratio of money supply to GDP (M2/GDP) and the ratio of bank credit to GDP (CPS/GDP). This is the main contribution in the literature. The study recommends that remittances channelize financial segment of the country in augmented manner and government should encourage Pakistani expatriates to send the remittance through formal sources (e.g. banks). Financial institutions and intermediaries working in Pakistan should exaggerate the recruitment of remittances with the purpose to make them significant source for loanable funds. In addition to this, the concern department should simplify the procedure for sending remittances.
Impact of Status Consciousness on Consumer Purchase Intention and Brand Equity: the Mediating Role of Brand Associations
Authors: Hayat M. Awan  , Zara Hayat  , Sahar Hayat  , Rafia Faiz
Published: May 2020

This paper studies the impact of status consciousness on consumer’s purchase intention and brand equity. It also examines the mediating role of brand associations between status consciousness, purchase intention and brand equity. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and data was collected from a sample of 500 female customers. The results support that status conscious consumers develop associations towards the brands and so they intend to purchase those brands, thus raising the brand equity. The results obtained will help the marketers by focusing on developing strong brand associations for luxurious brands for the status conscious consumers. It will also help in developing marketing strategies specifically designed to promote luxurious brands to increase consumer’s purchase intention and brand equity.
How Does Stakeholders Pressure Affect Organization Performance and Employee Wellbeing? Study of Multiple Mediating Roles
Authors: Mehmood Khawaja Khalid , Rasheed Rabia , Javeria Jaan
Published: May 2020

Employee satisfaction and high performance is every organization’s goal. When seen through the lens of stakeholder theory, these goals could be achieved by CSR practices through certain ways. Stakeholder theory affords an initial point to assimilate stakeholder pressure and corporate social responsibility practices. This research studies the effect of pressure from stakeholders over organization performance and wellbeing of employees by including the mediating effect of CSR oriented culture, CSR practices, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational commitment, and organizational trust in Pakistan’s banking sector. The study employs quantitative and cross sectional research design. A sample of 180 banks was studied through employing SmartPLS3.0 software using mediation analyses.The findings reveal that CSR oriented culture mediates between stakeholder pressure and CSR practices; CSR practices affect organization performance through organization citizenship behavior. Further, trust is a partial mediator among CSR practices and wellbeing of employees. Serial mediators play their role between stakeholder pressure and organization performance, and also play a role between stakeholder pressure and employee wellbeing. Implications/Originality/Value: The findings suggest Pakistani banks to acknowledge pressure from all stakeholders, and concentrate on CSR practices for their bank performance and staff wellbeing.
Identification of Institutionalized Violence in Elementary Schools
Authors: Khadija Sittar  , Misbah Malik  , Sumaira Munawar
Published: May 2020

Violence unfolds itself in relation to the persons and activities within a specific institution, including violence from custodial authorities such as correctional officers and symbolic violence such as isolation and restriction to developmental resources. This study aims to identify the institutionalized violence prevailing in elementary schools in Punjab. Four subjects were selected at elementary level. Three male and three female elementary school teachers were selected for interview to identify the institutionalized violence. Semi structured interview protocol was used as tool of the study.  Semi structured questions were developed around the following themes: inequalities in number of teaching period, discrimination in time table, demoralization, demotivation in academic activities and imposing extra duties, discrimination in leave and relaxation. The findings of the study revealed that discrimination practices of head teachers are demotivating elementary school teachers which may affect students and school performance. On the basis of findings it is recommended that training might be arranged for improving the teachers’ performance.
Islamic Financial Development and Economic Growth of Emerging Economy of Pakistan; a Panel Data Approach
Authors: Muhammad Yasir Saeed  , Kashif Hamid  , Ur Rehman Muhammad Ahmad , Muhammad Nazam
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic interactions between five pure Islamic banks of Pakistan and economic growth by using Panel ARDL method over the period of 2006-2016. The study elaborates strong confirmation and advocates the significant positive long-run relationship with economic growth. However, in short-run, each bank has individual significant positive relationship with economic growth in its individual capacity. The findings of this study are encouraging and signify a considerable contribution to recognize how pure Islamic banks activities translated into economic performance of the country. Although prudential regulations of State Bank of Pakistan are quite sound and their legislative structure and policy framing is also equally good but they are required to enhance the number of pure Islamic banks in the country for offering multiple options to clientele in order to promote Islamic economic activities in the country  to make Pakistan more prosperous.
Impact of Macroeconomic Conditions, Industry Attributes and Firms Related Variables on Capital Structure: A Cross Industry Analysis
Authors: Rana Shahid Imdad Akash  , Muhammad Mudasar Ghafoor  , Nida Siddique
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This study is conducted to examine the main strength of firms’ specific variables, industry effects and macroeconomic conditions in predicting the capital structure choices of non financial listed companies of Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX-100). Design/Methodology/Approach: To perform the study, a sample of twelve sectors covering a period from 2012 to 2017 is taken from PSX-100.  Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model is applied to explore the capital structure choices. Results of study indicate that the short term debt plays a major part in designing the capital structure of listed companies of PSX-100.

Findings: Macroeconomic conditions have been identified to cause an increase in financial distress and costs of debt unanimously. The financial distress and costs are significant in financial market developments for a time horizons.

Implications/Originality/Value: The development in financial markets can have an opportunity to increase the choice of capital structure of firms optimistically. It is explored that source of capital choice seems to decrease in agency behavior and risk due to refinancing. The less agency problem and less risk provide better choice of debt and future growth to the financial market. The growth environment is life blood of financial market and economy.