bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anticoncepción Adolescente: Enfoque práctico para la elección del método ideal
Authors: Montero Maria Angelica , Brenes Mendieta Juan Carlos
Published: July 2022

La atención en salud brindada a la población adolescente debe ser integral y adecuada a sus características propias, tomando en cuenta su particular necesidad de regular la fecundidad y de recibir una protección adecuada. Es por ende fundamental que en la oferta de métodos anticonceptivos se incluya la amplia gama de alternativas existentes, los cuales no son únicamente utilizados para la prevención del embarazo no deseado, sino que además ofrecen el beneficio adicional de sus características no anticonceptivas. Este artículo evalúa puntos clave para la elección del método anticonceptivo y pautas del manejo que deben ser tomadas en consideración para la elección del método ideal individualizado, para lo cual se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de artículos para sustentación de la elección de métodos de manera eficiente. Se determina que es de primera elección en adolescentes los anticonceptivos reversibles de larga duración. La naturaleza y espontaneidad con la que suceden las relaciones sexuales en este grupo etario representa un nuevo desafío médico en el que anticipar la guía anticonceptiva es crucial por lo que el Colegio Estadounidense de Obstetras y Ginecólogos (ACOG) recomienda iniciar consultas reproductivas a temprana edad.
Abuso en el adulto mayor
Authors: Fung Fallas Michelle Pamela , Medina Correas Natalia Verónica , Soto Taborda Tatiana , Jiménez Bermúdez Juan Pablo , Lin Chen Yu-Ya
Published: July 2022

El abuso en el adulto mayor ha sido identificado como uno de los temas de investigación geriátricos de mayor prioridad en la actualidad, esto debido a la discrepancia significativa que existe entre la prevalencia y la cantidad de casos reportados. Esto da a entender la necesidad que tiene el médico de poseer un entrenamiento básico en cuanto a la detección de casos de maltrato. Para esto, este artículo desea dar a conocer a los profesionales en salud (quienes de alguna manera interactúen con el adulto mayor dentro de su práctica clínica), las definiciones de abuso del adulto mayor, factores de riesgo, sus tipos de abuso, presentaciones clínicas, y abordaje; siendo esta una de las herramientas necesarias para evitar un detrimento en la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores, e inclusive prevenir lo que muchas veces puede llegar a ser fatal.
Reporte de Caso: Hernia diafragmática traumática durante el embarazo
Authors: Córdoba Vives Sofia
Published: July 2022

La presentación y el diagnóstico de hernia diafragmática es infrecuente en el adulto.  Durante el embarazo este diagnóstico se asocia con un alto riesgo de complicaciones, entre ellas obstrucción intestinal, dificultad respiratoria e incluso muerte materna. Se presenta el caso de una paciente embarazada, a quien se le diagnosticó una hernia diafragmática traumática, se describen  tanto los resultados maternos como perinatales.
Evaluación en cursos de medicina
Authors: Miranda Chacón Zaray
Published: July 2022

La evaluación es un tema complejo y que ha preocupado a los docentes universitarios, resulta de particular interés en el área de las ciencias médicas, dado que la formación no se limita a los salones de clases sino que cuenta con un importante componente clínico hospitalario que se centra en el desarrollo de habilidades específicas. En este documento se hace un recuento general sobre las tipologías para la evaluación, el rol de la evaluación de los estudiantes en el proceso educativo y finalmente algunas recomendaciones prácticas para la elaboración de instrumentos evaluativos.
Crucial issues in developing teacher educators' performance appraisal
Authors: Myint Lay Aye Aye
Published: July 2022

Educational research studies show some significant contributions towards improving the quality and productivity of the education sector. With this paper, I would like to do the same by presenting the results of my pilot study on key elements of developing teacher educators' performance appraisal. This study explores a number of issues that can influence appraisal: purposes, setting standards, evaluation instruments, and implementation. The purpose of the study is to reveal what the influencing circumstances in developing teacher educators' performance appraisal are, and how teacher educators perceive the role of staff involvement in developing teacher educators' performance appraisal. In order to fulfil the above goals, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten teacher educators, currently working at two Universities of Education in Myanmar. The interview results revealed that the acceptability of performance criteria is important and academic staff involvement in developing performance appraisal design should be encouraged. Effective leadership, trust, clear and equitable systems can lead to successful appraisal. Finally, the implications are discussed with a focus on designing teacher performance appraisal.
Transformation, reaction and organization of functional nanostructures using solution-based microreactor-assisted nanomaterial deposition for solar photovoltaics
Authors: Doddapaneni V. Vinay K. , Dhas Jeffrey A. , Chang Alvin , Choi Chang-Ho , Han Seung-Yeol , Paul Brian K. , Chang Chih-Hung
Published: July 2022

Microreactor-Assisted Nanomaterial Deposition (MAND) process offers unique capabilities in achieving large size and shape control levels while providing a more rapid path for scaling via process intensification for nanomaterial production. This review highlights the application of continuous flow microreactors to synthesize, assemble, transform, and deposit nanostructured materials for Solar Photovoltaics, the capabilities of MAND in the field, and the potential outlook of MAND.

Microreactor-Assisted Nanomaterial Deposition (MAND) is a promising technology that synthesizes reactive fluxes and nanomaterials to deposit nanostructured materials at the point of use. MAND offers precise control over reaction, organization, and transformation processes to manufacture nanostructured materials with distinct morphologies, structures, and properties. In synthesis, microreactor technology offers large surface-area-to-volume ratios within microchannel structures to accelerate heat and mass transport. This accelerated transport allows for rapid changes in reaction temperatures and concentrations, leading to more uniform heating and mixing in the deposition process. The possibility of synthesizing nanomaterials in the required volumes at the point of application eliminates the need to store and transport potentially hazardous materials. Further, MAND provides new opportunities for tailoring novel nanostructures and nano-shaped features, opening the opportunity to assemble unique nanostructures and nanostructured thin films. MAND processes control the heat transfer, mass transfer, and reaction kinetics using well-defined microstructures of the active unit reactor cell that can be replicated at larger scales to produce higher chemical production volumes. This critical feature opens a promising avenue in developing scalable nanomanufacturing. This paper reviews advances in microreactor-assisted nanomaterial deposition of nanostructured materials for solar photovoltaics. The discussions review the use of microreactors to tailor the reacting flux, transporting to substrate surfaces via controlling process parameters such as flow rates, pH of the precursor solutions, and seed layers on the formation and/or transformation of intermediary reactive molecules, nanoclusters, nanoparticles, and structured assemblies. In the end, the review discusses the use of an industrial scale MAND to apply anti-reflective and anti-soiling coatings on the solar modules in the field and details future outlooks of MAND reactors.

Graphical abstract
Obrona totalna jako wyzwanie dla bezpieczeństwa Polski
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Zapałowski Andrzej
Published: July 2022

In the field of experts and science, the term of total defense is used ever so increasingly. It is often used interchangeably with the term universal defense. The research analyzes and compares the existing dictionary term of universal defense and attempts to distinguish it from the term of total defense. The study is based on the subject literature as well as on the doctrines of total defense in selected countries around the world.
O kobietach w wybranych polskich tygodnikach opinii
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Polska, Brzoza-Kolorz Katarzyna
Published: July 2022

The content analysis of four Polish opinion weeklies ("Polityka", "Wprost", "Newsweek Polska", "Gazeta Polska") in the period 2000–2019, shows which gender themes are taken up by the studied editorial teams and how and on which occasions women are discussed. The presented data are descriptive in nature, but one can notice a tendency to write about women mainly in columns concerning social issues, with a particular emphasis on themes depicting the situation of women in the labour market and issues concerning women's carnality/sexuality.
Medical Devices Innovation for Africa: enabling industrialisation
Authors:   University of Cape Town, Sivarasu Sudesh
Published: July 2022

It is with great pleasure to recognise all our partners in the merSETA Viro-Vent Innovation Skills Challenge who contributed to this publication: University of Cape Town, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, University KwaZulu Natal, University of Witwatersrand and National Technologies Implementation Platform. Thank you, Professor Sivarasu, for your leadership of the University of Cape Town for supporting these efforts to find new forms of collaboration that focus on “Skills for localisation” and “Skills for re-industrialisation”. This publication comes at a time when South Africa and the world are still recovering from the devastating effects of the covid-19 pandemic complicated by an emerging war in Ukraine. This is expected to continue disrupting social and economic activities, including education, training, and work. The merSETA and its stakeholders are working tirelessly to ensure that training and other skills development activities continue despite these challenges. This innovation project, among others at the merSETA, utilises existing research and Higher Education Institution (HEI) Infrastructure to stimulate rapid response technology innovation aimed at the development, design and prototype production of a medical device in response not only to the COVID-19 pandemic, but also to an economic sector dominated by imports. To serve the skills development mandate of the merSETA, the project investigates the technology management capabilities or future skills required to accelerate South Africa’s post-covid recovery. The concept of innovation, as vested in this program, is aligned to the merSETA’s strategic intentions, that include: i. Supporting skills for Economic Reconstruction, Recovery and Growth, ii. Supporting skills for the changing world of work, iii. Supporting skills for the growth and sustainability of the green and circular economies and iv. Exploring and supporting the role of the mer-sector in the digital economy, as well as v. Continuing to strengthen the role of the SETA as an intermediary body Making informed sector skills planning decisions is the objective of this program. – that is, to understand those future jobs that would drive the localisation of components in a model that could stimulate expanded manufacturing opportunities through relevant skills supply. The merSETA’s Viro-Vent Innovation Skills Challenge anticipates a contribution towards closing the skills gap through a job generation model. The merSETA remains committed and is looking forward to engaging on how this initiative sees a pipeline of new product innovations expanding the manufacturing sector. We owe it to the citizens of South Africa to find innovative ways of harnessing our young talent into industrial expansion.
Low-cost load shedding-resilient medicine storage with phase-change material theoretical heat Transfer evaluation of a design concept
Authors:   University of Witwatersrand, Xu Lan , Stacey Neil ,   University of Witwatersrand, Rubin David ,   University of the Witwatersrand, Hildebrandt Diane ,   University of the Witwatersrand
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases; approximately 0.72 million people in South Africa require insulin treatment. Insulin—a hormone peptide drug— is temperature sensitive and undergoes thermal fibrillation when exposed to temperature above manufacturers' recommendations. Most insulin formations must be stored at 2°C - 8°C in a refrigerator when unopened to maintain its potency and to keep insulin within manufacturers' suggested expiry date. However, one of the unforeseen consequences of frequent power outages in South Africa—and many other developing nations—is thermal denaturation of insulin within household refrigerators caused by frequent power outages. In addition, users cannot tell if insulin has reduced pharmacological action. This publication presents a preliminary design for an in-refrigerator medicine storage container utilising phase-change material to stabilise the temperature of insulin or other medications during power outages, and to provide a visual indicator if a melting event has occurred, even if refrigeration has subsequently been restored, to alert the user that their insulin may have expired. It is found that the principal variables of interest to determine the time to melting are the thickness of the layer of phase-change material in the unit's walls, and the degree of insulation of the outer shell surrounding the phase-change material. It is also determined that asymmetric insulation parameters for the inner and outer surfaces of the container's walls are a crucial design feature for usability, permitting an initial freezing time that is more rapid than the melting time. The current design has been found to be unable to meet all usability criteria, primarily due to an unacceptably long freezing time, regardless of the values of the available parameters. It is therefore concluded that design revisions are required to meet all usability criteria
Design and development of a cost-effective cpap device with oxygenation and an automated mdi delivery system
Authors:   University of Cape Town, Eyasim Muhammad Arshad , Sivarasu Sudesh ,   University of Cape Town
Published: July 2022

Patients suffering from Covid-19 and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), or asthma comorbidities receive Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy as one of the treatment options. They additionally require regular administration of a bronchodilator medication using a Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) to open the airways of the lungs to make breathing easier. However, some challenges have been identified with existing techniques of using MDI with CPAP; a nurse must remain at the bedside to manually time the actuations and actuate the MDI. One of the current methods does not provide Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP), thereby reducing the medication's effectiveness. The current global Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in the limited number of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) resources such as bedside nurses and ventilators. Therefore, a need for a device that can provide oxygenation and automated MDI medication delivery has been identified to reduce the number of ICU admissions, increase the effectiveness of MDI treatment, and reduce the number of patients requiring intubation. This design project entails the development of a prototype as well as verification and validation tests. The prototype was built by focusing on the functional blocks and iterating the core component of the design. The prototype was then verified and validated. It was found the Proof of Concept of the device meets the requirements and works as intended. In conclusion, the project highlights how the needs are met and the drawbacks of the design are identified. Recommendations are then made on the improvement of the device's functionality and usability features.
Affordable orthotic moon boot alternative
Authors:   University of KwaZulu-Natal, Singh Aliya , Stopforth Riaan ,   University of KwaZulu-Natal
Published: July 2022

This research paper details the engineering design process undertaken to develop an affordable alternative to commercially available orthotic moon boots. The project conceptualisation was conducted using an approach that aligns the design with the key focus of cost-effectiveness and fundamental functionality. Therefore, non-essential, cost-adding, and superfluous factors that are present in the existing production of orthotic moon boots were identified and omitted from this design. Stringent engineering design processes were used to redesign and optimise the materials and methods that are currently employed in the manufacturing of commercially available moon boots. The total cost of production of the redesigned moon boot amounted to R175.90, which was approximately 88% lower than commercial products. Therefore, this research proves to be extremely invaluable as it would widen accessibility to orthotics for various demographics.
LINEAR AND QUADRATIC THERMAL RADIATION INFLUENCE ON MARANGONI CONVECTIVE FLOW OF HYBRID NANOFLUID OVER A FLAT SURFACE IN A DARCY-FORCHHEIMER POROUS MEDIUM
Authors: Yaseen Moh , Rawat Sawan Kumar , Kumar Manoj
Published: July 2022

This work investigates the MoS2-SiO2/water hybrid nanofluid flow over a flat surface with the aligned magnetic field. The novelty of the work is to analyze the heat transport phenomena of MoS2-SiO2/water hybrid nanofluid in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium with the Joule heating, suction/injection, viscous dissipation, Marangoni boundary conditions, and linear and quadratic thermal radiation. Utilizing the appropriate similarity transformations, the partial differential equations (PDEs) governing the heat transfer problem have been altered to ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The built-in function "bvp4c" in MATLAB was employed to find solution of the ODEs. The thermal equation has been solved for linear thermal radiation and quadratic thermal radiation. Plots are presented to show the influence of physical factors on the flow and the temperature field. The significant outcome of the present model is that with the quadratic thermal radiation, the frequency of heat flow is higher than in the linear thermal radiation. The velocity and temperature profile are augmented by an increment in the Marangoni ratio parameter, while the temperature profile decreases slightly after η = 1. Moreover, the temperature rises with an increment in the volume fraction of both the nanoparticles and the Eckert number. For the elevated numerical values of the Marangoni ratio parameter, the concentration of nanoparticles decreases.
(De)Construcción de identidad, retos en el aula de clase y roles asumidos por docentes no hablantes nativos de inglés en Colombia
Authors: Tarazona-Ariza Silvia Andrea
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Este artículo tiene como objetivo explorar y describir aspectos personales y profesionales como la construcción de identidad, los retos frecuentes en las aulas de clase en el sector público, y los roles que asumen (y que se le otorga) diariamente a los docentes no hablantes nativos de inglés como lengua extranjera en primaria y secundaria, en un contexto influenciado por las visiones nativistas y colonizadoras del inglés en el sur global. Metodología: Esta investigación es de carácter cualitativo y exploratorio, para la recolección de datos se implementaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, narraciones personales y una sesión de grupo focal. Los informantes de esta investigación fueron cinco profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera de diferentes regiones de Colombia que no se conocen entre ellos y que están vinculados al sector público de la Educación. Resultados: Los resultados revelan que los profesores no hablantes nativos de inglés como lengua extranjera en Colombia usualmente se sienten comparados con los hablantes nativos y relegados en su trabajo. Igualmente, otros asuntos problemáticos como la situación socio-cultural de los estudiantes, y la falta de recursos en las instituciones educativas salen a relucir en este estudio. Conclusión: Los docentes no nativos de inglés en Colombia no son percibidos como el modelo lingüístico a seguir y esto conlleva a desarrollar crisis de identidad profesional al no tener claridad sobre su pertinencia como profesionales en el ámbito de la educación.
Çift Dillilik Bağlamında Suriyeli Mülteci Öğrenciler ve Kilis İli Örneği
Authors: DOĞRAMACIOĞLU Hüseyin
Published: July 2022

Kilis, Güneydoğu Anadolu ile Akdeniz’in birleşim noktasında bulunan ve Suriye sınırına sıfır noktasında yer alan serhat bir şehirdir. Bu küçük şirin Anadolu kenti Suriye göçünden evvel kendi içerisinde farklı kültürlere kapalı Türkmen ve Sünni nüfustan oluşan, kendine özgü demografik yapısı olan bir şehirdi. Ancak Suriye’deki iç savaş münasebetiyle Türkiye’ye sığınan mülteciler ağırlıklı olarak Kilis Öncüpınar Sınır Kapısından geçerek Anadolu’nun muhtelif şehirlerine sığınmışlardır. Ancak Kilis’i diğer Anadolu şehirlerinden ayıran yegâne fark kendi nüfusundan fazla mülteciye ev sahipliği yapmasıdır. Bu şehirde ilkokuldan üniversiteye kadar anadili Arapça olup sonradan Türkçe öğrenen öğrenciler iki dilli kabul edilebilir. Bu öğrenciler başta kendilerine özel açılan okullarda eğitim görmekteyken günümüzde Türk nüfusuyla aynı sınıflarda tümüyle ortak dersler görmektedirler. Bu durumda özellikle bazı okullarda sınıfın yarısını ve bazen yarıdan fazlasını mülteci, geri kalanı da Türk öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Faklı dil konuşan öğrencilerin aynı sınıfta eğitim almaları münasebetiyle iletişimde bazı sıkıntılar olsa da genellikle bir müddet sonra bu sıkıntılar yerini iki dilli insanlara bırakmaktadır. Bu insanlar ileride muhtemeldir ki her iki dili de akıcı konuşabilen, farklı kültürlere açık ve onları benimsemiş örnek insanlar olarak karşımıza çıkacaktır.
İkinci Yeni Şiiri Bağlamında Ece Ayhan’ın Poetikası
Authors: GELİR Yakup
Published: July 2022

İlk örnekleri 1950 sonrasında görülen İkinci Yeni şiiri, Türk şiirinde önemli bir dönemi kodlar. İmgenin konumu, dili alışılmışın dışında kullanma, söylemin üstlendiği çoğul anlam, şiirin omurgasına yerleşmiş kültür, felsefe, tarih, coğrafya ve modern bireyin anlatımı İkinci Yeni şiirinin başlıca hususlarıdır. Bu özellikleriyle İkinci Yeni şiiri, Türk şiir serüveninde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Çünkü şiir sanatını içerik ve biçim bakımından farklı yorumlayarak yeni bir şiir anlayışına kapı aralamakla Türk şiir geleneğinde bir kırılma noktası oluşturur. Bu bağlamda İkinci Yeni, duyarlılıkla örülü, insanı ve çağı önceleyen, yer yer gelenekle ilişkili ve anlam sahalarını genişleten bir konum edinirken; şiir anlayışına yönelik eleştirilere karşı cevaplarda da dikkate değer bir sorumluluk üstlenir. Uzun süren bu savunularda; şiir sanatına verilen önem, bu şiir anlayışına duyulan güven, şiirin anlam olarak muhkem örülüşü, en önemlisi İkinci Yeni’nin poetik kodları ortaya çıkar. Bu belirlemelerle şiir mecrasında yer edinen İkinci Yeni şiirinin temsilcilerinden biri Ece Ayhan’dır. Ayhan’ın tema, dil ve imge bakımından inşa ettiği anlam evreni İkinci Yeni ile örtüşür. Bu şiir evrenin içerisinde tarih, dil, kültür, felsefe, müzik ve coğrafya ile örülü bir anlam dünyası bulunur. Şiirini bu kavramlara yaslayan Ayhan, poetik anlamda İkinci Yeni anlayışı ile paralel ilerler. Zaman zaman bu şiir anlayışının söylem ve anlam olanaklarını zorlasa da yine de İkinci Yeni’nin anlam dünyasına dâhil bir şiir söz konusudur. Bu çalışmada İkinci Yeni şiiri bağlamında Ece Ayhan’ın poetikası irdelenecektir.
Richard W. Edwards IV, Indigenous Life around the Great Lakes: War, Climate, and Culture
Authors: Arzigian Constance
Published: July 2022

Review of: Indigenous Life around the Great Lakes: War, Climate, and Culture, by Richard W. Edwards, IV.
Ariel Ron, Grassroots Leviathan: Agricultural Reform and the Rural North in the Slaveholding Republic
Authors: Carpenter Kyle B.
Published: July 2022

Review of: Grassroots Leviathan: Agricultural Reform and the Rural North in the Slaveholding Republic, by Ariel Ron.
Lucas E. Morel, Lincoln and the American Founding
Authors: Pinsker Matthew
Published: July 2022

Review of: Lincoln and the American Founding, by Lucas E. Morel.
H. Roger Grant, A Mighty Fine Road: A History of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Company
Authors: Schramm Jeff
Published: July 2022

Review of: A Mighty Fine Road: A History of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Company, by H. Roger Grant.
Ann Flesor Beck, Sweet Greeks: First-Generation Immigrant Confectioners in the Heartland
Authors: Nussel Jill M.
Published: July 2022

Review of: Sweet Greeks: First-Generation Immigrant Confectioners in the Heartland, by Ann Flesor Beck.
William B. Friedricks, Unstoppable: The Nine Lives of Roxanne Barton Conlin
Authors: Lake Sharon
Published: July 2022

Review of: Unstoppable: The Nine Lives of Roxanne Barton Conlin, by William B. Friedricks.
The reconceptualization of travel careers: Application of the recreation specialization theory
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Hwang Young-Ju , Lee Hoon
Published: July 2022

Since Pearce (1988) first suggested the concept of travel career in the tourism field, various research has been conducted, mainly focused on travelers’ psychological and behavioral changes induced by different travel careers. However, the effect and influence of travel careers varied across studies, indicating that the concept has yet to achieve a systematic and valid theory structure (Ko, 2018). More specifically, the limits of previous research are: 1) inconsistency of travel career 2) There is no discussion of subelements. 3) evaluating a travel career solely on the basis of “behavior” and “affect.” Therefore, it is important to draw an integrated conceptual model of a travel career and expand the discussion on subelements. In the field of leisure science, the level of participation in leisure activities is explained by the recreation specialization theory. Previous research has found that travel experience encompasses a variety of leisure behavior characteristics, and that theoretical structure on leisure phenomena provides a significant lead to understanding the characteristics of travel experience (Ko, 2017). On the basis of such a theoretical background, this study applies recreation specialization theory to the conceptualization of travel careers. The main significance of this study is that, while the concept of travel career lacked consistency and subelements, it considered problems drawn from prior studies and developed a systematically complemented measurement tool. Also, with the application of recreation specialization theory, a travel career was constructed with multiple dimensions, including subelements of behavior, cognition, and affect. In particular, the cognitive dimension was scarcely discussed in prior research and it made a contribution to the expansion of the theoretical structure of the travel career concept.
The attributes of virtual reality(VR) experiences and spatial cognition among tourists: Focusing on a behavioral geographic perspective
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Ji Sanghoon , Hwang Hae Jin , Hwang Chul Sue , Koo Chulmo , Lee Eunji
Published: July 2022

Immersive technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) not only stimulate travelers' needs before, during, and after a trip but also provide new experiences. As the COVID-19 outbreak continues and non-face-to-face activities are preferred, the tourism industry considers immersive technology as an alternative tool to fulfill a traveler’s needs when traveling. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the value of virtual reality as a means to experience traveling and to understand the perception and behavior of tourists in virtual spaces and at tourist destinations from a behavioral geographic perspective. To do so, this research selected K Campus, located in Seoul, Republic of Korea, as the research destination and established virtual reality content for the experiment. This study used qualitative data from interviews and mental maps to better understand tourist perceptions and behavior. The data collected through interviews and mental maps is collected at two different periods: after the VR experience (t1) and after visiting the destination (t2). The results of the interview categorized the VR experience as (1) arousal, (2) immersive experience, (3) sensory experience, and (4) spatial presence. Furthermore, after visiting the destination, participants stated that movement in the virtual space influenced their actual behavior. This study attempted an in-depth approach to investigate participants' psychological states and perceptions.
An assessment of a practical implementation of the deemed-to-satisfy durability design and specification approach in the Swakopmund-Walvis Bay Freeway upgrade project in Namibia
Authors: Otieno M , Walter K
Published: July 2022

Steel corrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) structures in the marine environment is a major concern for engineers and asset managers. This paper presents an assessment of the application of a deemed-to-satisfy durability design and specification approach on the newly constructed RC bridges on the Swakopmund-Walvis Bay Freeway upgrade in Namibia, with a desired service life of at least 100 years. The deemed-to-satisfy design and specification approach comprised a combination of South African recommendations for binder type, minimum binder content and w/b ratio, EN 206-1 recommendations for cover depth, and South African National Roads Agency Limited (SANRAL) durability index targets along with on-site concrete quality control guidelines on placement, compaction and curing. As-built concrete durability properties (i.e. water sorptivity, oxygen permeability and chloride conductivity) and cover depth were measured and used to check (using a Fickian-based service life model) if the deemed-to-satisfy specifications were adequate. The results showed that the as-built concrete durability properties surpassed the deemed-to-satisfy durability performance targets, while the on-site cover depth values showed significant inadequacies in some bridge elements. The service life estimations showed that the deemed-to-satisfy durability performance specifications were adequate. Considering the relatively high concrete quality achieved on site, it is clear that the 100-year service life could have been achieved more sustainably using a good balance of concrete quality and cover depth [e.g. a lower concrete quality (using less cement) or lesser coved depth] if a more rigorous performance-based durability design and specification approach had been used. Ultimately, the service life analyses using the as-built concrete model input parameters highlight not only the critical importance of both concrete quality and cover depth in achieving durable RC structures prone to steel corrosion, but also the inherent limitations of the deemed-to-satisfy durability design and specification approach.
Optimising sustainable mobility: A performance assessment of non-motorised transport infrastructure in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Okoro C S , Lawani K
Published: July 2022

Transportation systems are somewhat incomplete without integrating non-motorised transport (NMT) facilities to ensure safety, security, convenience, productivity and reduced environmental impact from such projects. This study examined the performance of NMT infrastructure and services provided to ensure smart transport and mobility in Johannesburg, South Africa. Two projects were identified as case studies, and a total of 21 semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with residents and other road users in the vicinity of the projects to enable the acquisition of relevant information. Data was analysed using thematic content analysis supported with Atlas-ti software. Findings revealed that, although the facilities are in good condition and adequately maintained, the usage level is low. Incidents of poor safety and security were reported. Nevertheless, new value-added businesses operate along the routes and users indicated some satisfaction with their travel experience. To achieve value creation where NMTs are provided, it is crucial to ensure that the "smartness" of the cities is achieved and sustained. The practical implication of this study is the provision of invaluable information towards assisting road and NMT infrastructure stakeholders in improving the planning and delivery of sustainable transport infrastructure. Future studies will benefit from using more case study projects to strengthen these findings further and improve the generalisability.
Ethical values of teachers: Differentiation according to regular physical activity
Authors: TEMEL Ahmet , KANGALGİL Murat , MAMAK Hüdaverdi , EMRE Tevfik , AYDIN Ebru
Published: July 2022

This study, it was aimed to determine the predisposition levels of teachers and pre-service teachers to ethical values. The sample of the study consisted of 1305 educators, 784 teachers, and 521 pre-service teachers in 15 different branches in the 2021-2022 academic year. The sample of the research conducted in the relational survey model was selected by a simple random sampling method. In the research, the Inclination to Ethical Values Scale developed by Kaya (2015) was used as a data collection tool. The scale has three dimensions: Love, justice, and cooperation. In the analysis of the data, mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis test were used and .05 significance level was taken into account in the interpretation of the data. According to the research findings, teachers and pre-service teachers got very high scores on the scale. While there was no difference in gender for the level of susceptibility to ethical values; significant results were founded-determined in favor of teachers in terms of status; in favor of physical education teachers in-branch comparison; in favor of those with more than 16 years of service according to professional seniority and in favor of those who do regular physical activity. As a result of the research; it has been seen that teachers and pre-service teachers are very inclined to ethical values and they internalize the value of love the most. Planning functional pre-service and in-service training for pre-service teachers who have not yet started the profession or for teachers who are newly started to the profession. In-depth research is recommended to examine why teachers who engage in regular physical activity have a high ethical orientation.
Umut ve Azime Dayalı Müdahale Programının Ergenlerin Öz Yeterliklerine Etkisi
Authors: ŞAM Mehmet , ALİYEV Ramin
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, umut ve azime dayalı müdahale programının ergenlerin öz yeterliklerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada yöntem olarak 2x2’lik ön-son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılmış olup, çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 öğretim yılında XXX ilindeki bir ortaokulda öğrenim gören 18 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Katılımcılar, seçkisiz olarak deney (n=9) ve kontrol grubuna (n=9) atanmışlardır. Katılımcılara ön ve son testte Genel Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Deney grubuna, haftanın iki günü olmak üzere yedi oturumluk umut ve azime dayalı müdahale programı uygulanmıştır. Oturumlar, 40-50 dakika arasında değişen sürelerde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerinin analizinde bağımsız gruplar için t-testi ve tekrarlanmış ölçümler için iki yönlü ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, programa katılan ergenlerin son test öz yeterlik puan ortalamalarının hem deney grubu ön test puanlarına göre hem de kontrol grubundaki ergenlerin son test puanlarına göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, umut ve azime dayalı müdahale programının ergenlerin öz yeterliklerini arttırmada etkili olduğunu göstermektedir.
Study of mathematical approaches to determine frequency-dependent impedance of over-head power transmission line
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Lebedev V.D. , Kuzmina N.V. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Filatova G.A. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: July 2022

Mathematical modeling of a power transmission line (PTL) is an important issue for a wide range of tasks in the electric power industry. Mathematical modeling is necessary when studying the transient processes in electric power systems. Analytical expressions that allow modeling power transmission lines in a wide frequency range, including low frequencies and direct current, make it possible to study the operation of relay protection and automation devices in various modes and improve the accuracy of devices of fault location. It is important not only to obtain analytical expressions to determine the frequency dependences of the resistance, but also to verify these expressions in comparison with more accurate methods based on the finite elements method (FEM). The study has been carried out using a mathematical tools based on cylindrical Bessel functions. To develop formulas, it is necessary to determine the constants of integration based on boundary conditions. To verify the obtained expressions, modeling has been performed in the COMSOL Multiphysics software package, which is based on the FEM. The article presents a study of the internal resistance of the wires of power transmission line using the example of AC 185/24 wire. An analytical expression has been obtained to determine the internal complex resistance of a bimetallic wire. The reliability of the obtained expressions is confirmed by the convergence of the simulation results in comparison with the results of simulation modeling in Comsol software and mathematical modeling using known analytical expressions. The proposed approach to determine the internal resistance of a wire makes it possible to get more accurate analytic definition of characteristics of an overhead power transmission line. And thus, to design more qualitative models to analyze transient processes in power transmission lines and investigate the operation of relay protection devices. The wire models developed in Comsol software can be considered as more accurate in a wide range of frequencies.
Impact of operating modes of industrial thermal power plant on steady-state stability of turbogenerators when isolated from power system
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Gazizova O.V.
Published: July 2022

The main trend of the electric power industry is the expansion of its own power supply sources of the industrial enterprises. At the same time, isolated operation mode remains the mode that may cause emergency conditions. The relevance of the conducted studies is confirmed by experience. Thermal power plants (TPP) are continuously reconstructed, the power of the generators is increasing, and they are transferred to operate in generator – transformer units. The generating equipment is constantly changing because of repairing, maintenance, and emergency conditions. Therefore, part of the machines operates in electrical mode, the other part operates in thermal mode. In case of isolated operation, some machines are unable to control frequency of the unit. Then, a danger of loss of static stability may occur under conditions of reactive power deficiency. In this regard, the research to define the reasons of the loss of static stability of industrial STG, to conduct computational experiments and to develop activities to reduce emergency situations is relevant. Calculation of the operating modes of industrial thermal power plant has been carried out using the KATRAN software package. A consistent weighting method is used to analyze the static stability of the power plant. The consistent equivalent method is applied to calculate the steady-state modes in case of isolated and parallel operation with the power system. An algorithm has been developed that differs from the existing ones as it considers the impact of the thermal load on the static stability factor of turbogenerators of industrial thermal power plants. Also, it allows you to choose turbine–generator unit that will maintain constant pressure in the steam pipeline. The modes of isolated operation have been studied in terms of static stability of the power plant when all speed control units are operating and in case that one of the turbine-generator unit operates to maintain constant pressure in the steam pipeline. The results have shown that during maintenance operation of one of the machines of thermal load can lead to loss of static stability. Recommendations to improve stability are presented. The obtained algorithm allows us to develop activities to increase static sustainability in case of isolated operation with the power system. The suggested key activity is to redistribute between the turbines the function to keep the steam pressure in the steam pipeline. The computational experiment conducted using the example of the industrial thermal power plant has proved its effectiveness.
Modeling and calculation of process of heat and mass transfer in cooling towers of circulating cooling systems of TPP and NPP
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Zhukov V.P. , Fomichev M.D. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Vinogradov V.N. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Barochkin A.E. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Belyakov A.N. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: July 2022

The priority of the state energy policy of the Russian Federation is introduction of resource- and energy-saving technologies. One of the areas to improve such technologies at thermal power plants and nuclear power plants is the effective cooling of circulating water in recirculating cooling systems. Despite the large number of scientific papers on this issue, improving the process of cooling the circulating water of recirculating cooling systems remains an urgent task especially when using cooling tower systems under the conditions of a limited amount of make-up low-mineralized water. There are no universal methods to calculate and design such equipment. Thus, the development of new methods to model and improve heat and mass transfer processes in tower-type cooling towers is an urgent task for the energy sector and related industries. Models based on the mass and energy balance equations are used to solve the problem of modeling heat and mass transfer processes considering the phase transition in coolants. Mathematical programming methods are used to solve the obtained equations. A model of the process of heat and mass transfer in cooling towers of recirculating cooling systems of TPPs and NPPs has been developed, considering a possible phase transition in coolants. An approach and method to solve the problem of choosing the design and operation modes of tower-type cooling towers is proposed. The simulation results are compared with standard data. Comparison of the calculated and experimental results has proved an adequate description of the real process of heat and mass transfer in the cooling tower using the model. It makes possible to set and solve problems to choose the optimal design and operating parameters of the recirculating cooling systems equipment. The proposed method to solve the problem of modeling heat and mass transfer provides the possibility of simultaneously searching for the most acceptable values of operating parameters and design characteristics of tower-type cooling towers for various purposes.
우리나라 노인요양시설의 효율성 연구: 지자체 돌봄서비스 정책에의 함의를 중심으로
Authors:   center for social welfare research yonsei university, Oh Seung-Eun , Min joohong , Kim Bon
Published: July 2022

The number of long-term care (LTC) facilities in South Korea has doubled over the last decade as a result of the rapidly aging population and the enactment of national public LTC insurance in 2008. However, few recent studies have examined the efficiency of LTC facilities, and even fewer have investigated the impact of operational and community-related factors on their efficiency. Using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA), this study examined the efficiencyof LTC facilities and related factors in 229 municipalities in South Korea. The results showed that a greater number of facilities within a municipality(CCR: β = -0.37, p = .000; BCC:β = -0.19, p =.01) and a higher proportion of expenses spent on care for patients with severe illnesses(CCR: β = -0.32, p = .000; BCC: β = -0.32, p = .000 ) were associated with a lower level of efficiency. The findings suggest that policies promoting the efficiency and sustainability of LTC facilities need to take medical fees for severely ill patients and the number of competitive facilities within a municipality into consideration.
Modern Possibilities of Physiotherapeutic Treatment in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Authors: Medvedev I. B. , Trubilin V. N. , Poluninа E. G. , Dergacheva N. N. , Andzhelova D. V. , Evstigneeva Yu. V.
Published: July 2022

Currently, the main applied physiotherapeutic methods of treatment, whale, as well as the features of their application are considered. The basis of the meibomian glands dysfunction treatment is the hygiene of the eyelids. There are many modifications to the application of eyelid hygiene, but its basic principle is the use of warm compresses and eyelid massage. There are many modifications of warm compresses. Using them, it is necessary to remember about the possibility of the appearance of the cornea with various types of thermal effects on the eyelids when dysfunction of the meibomian glands is detected, therefore it is important to carefully dose the time of thermal exposure and temperature regime, which allows you to avoid side effects. The classic tool that a doctor uses to treat MGD — eyelid massage on a glass rod, has now been replaced by many high-tech devices for heating, moisturizing and massage of the eyelid. All commercial devices for the treatment of MGD on the world market can be divided into several groups, according to their effect: device for light therapy. The most high-tech devices include the LipiFlow® device (combined heat and eyelid massage) and the device for IPL therapy with intense pulsed light. many studies aimed at studying the effectiveness of various research methods. It should be noted that it is not by chance that in modern ophthalmological practice the range of new methods for studying MGD has expanded so much. This is due to the annual number of patients suffering from this pathology. Therefore, the urgent task is to search for new methods of treatment aimed at restoring the functional activity of the meibomian glands.