bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEBENARAN HEGEMONIK AGAMA
Authors: Tajrid Amir
Published: May 2017

Anarchic violence against jamaah Ahmadiyah and “Aliansi Ke­bangsa­­­­­an untuk Kebebasan Beragama dan Berkeyakinan (AKKBB)” by Front Pembela Islam (FPI) constitutes a form of truth claim among religious groups in religious society. The religious inter­pretation which formerly opened now reduced to become the closed interpretation. The formerly is the substantive interpretation now become the hegemonic interpretation. This is one of the greatest theological challenge facing by religious community. This article will show the patterns of attitude and idea among religious comminity members which stimulate hegemonic truth claim in order to find out the friendly, egalitarian, and tolerant forms of religions, so the hegemonic truth claim of the religion should be avoided.

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Kekerasan anarkis yang ditujukan kepada jamaah Ahmadiyah dan “Aliansi  Kebangsaan untuk Kebebasan Beragama dan Berkeyakinan (AKKBB)” oleh Front Pembela Islam (FBI) merupakan bentuk klaim kebenaran di antara kelompok-kelompok agama di dalam masyarakat agama. Interpretasi agama yang s­e­belumnya terbuka kini menjadi tertutup. Sebelumnya interpretasinya bersifat substantif namun kini menjadi hegemonik. Inilah salah satu tantangan terbesar yang dihadapi oleh komunitas agama saat ini. Artikel ini akan membahas pla sikap dan ide di kalangan anggota komunitas yang mencetuskan klaim kebenaran yang hegemonik dalam rangka untuk menemukan bentuk keberagamaan yang bersahabat, egalitarian, dan toleran sehingga klaim kebenaran hegemonik agama dapat dihindari.
NAHDLATUL ULAMA (NU) DAN KONTRIBUSINYA DALAM MEMPERJUANGKAN KEMERDEKAAN DAN MEMPERTAHANKAN NEGARA KESATUAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA (NKRI)
Authors: Farih Amin
Published: May 2017

Religious mission of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in consolidating power against Dutch colonialism is a part of the struggle of NU for defending religious ideology and nationalism, as a form of patriotism (ḥubbu al-waṭan). NU had to expell the Dutch colonialists because it is a religious teaching. The law had already become a decision of the religious leaders (kyai) of NU, which ultimately rise "the resolution of jihad". This resolution became a powerful principle of student-army who are combined both in of Ḥizbullāh and Sabīlillāh. Some views of NU that the principles of equality, justice, removing all forms of exploitation and colonization, are the spirit NU to maintain consistency of state sovereignty, strengthen the nation integrity. Applying historical method, this study described the role and contribution of NU in fighting against Dutch colonialism, for independence and defend the nation's sovereignty within the framework of the unitary state of Indonesia (NKRI).

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Dakwah Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) untuk menghimpun kekuatan melawan penjajahan Belanda merupakan bagian dari perjuangan NU untuk mem¬per¬tahankan ideologi agama dan nasionalismenya sebagai bentuk cinta tanah air (ḥubbu al-waṭan). Peran NU dalam mengusir penjajah Belanda merupakan anjuran agama yang wajib dijalankan. Hukum tersebut sudah menjadi keputusan para kiai NU, yang akhirnya melahirkan “resolusi jihad”. Resolusi ini menjadi pegangan ampuh para pasukan santri yang tergabung dalam laskar Ḥizbullāh maupun laskar Sabīlillāh. Demikian juga pandangan NU bahwa prinsip-prinsip kesetaraan, keadilan, membuang segala bentuk eksploitasi dan penjajahan, merupakan spirit NU untuk menjaga konsistensi kedaulatan negara, mem¬per¬kokoh integritas bangsa dan negara. Dengan pen¬dekatan sejarah, penelitian ini menguak peran dan kontribusi NU dalam me¬lawan penjajahan Belanda, merebut kemerdekaan serta mempertahankan kedaulatan bangsa dalam bingkai negara kesatuan Indonesia (NKRI).
A review on the HR culture: India, US, Europe
Authors: Kaur Khushmeet
Published: May 2017

The era of globalization of world economy has lead to the high complication, disturbance and competition in the market place. Human resource has become the indispensable part for the success of business. The competitive advantages of the organizations which need to be built sharpened and leveraged are the people. Agility, responsiveness, innovation or transcendence, efficiency and execution is the fundamental need of organizations for sustainable competitive advantage. It is here that organizations can be developed to their fullest capacity with the help of human resource. The work environment in which employees feel motivated and most satisfied when their needs and values are in consistency with those in their workplace is basically defined as the culture of that place. It is like a lifeguard on duty.
Clinical Evaluation of Calotropis Gigantea and Balanites Aegyptiaca on Wound Healing in Bovine
Authors: Boche M. R. , Thorat M. G. , Hajare S. W. , Mehesare S. S. , Ingole R. S.
Published: May 2017

The study was conducted to compare the efficacy of Calotropis gigantea leaves extract ointment
and Balanites aegyptiaca roots extract ointment in management of wound healing in bovine. The
study was undertaken on the clinical cases of wounds presented at Veterinary Clinic, PGIVAS, Akola.
A total 12 clinical cases of bovine with lacerated wounds were divided into two groups, comprising
of six animals each. Ethanolic extract ointments of C. gigantea and B. aegyptiaca 10% w/w were
clinically evaluated for wound healing activity. Clinical observations such as hemorrhages, swelling,
colour of wound, exudation, pain, pus formation and irritation were recorded on every alternate
day. Wound contraction was measured on 0, 7th, 14th and 21st day. The quality of wound healing
was measured on the basis of percent wound contraction. From the observation of clinical study C.
gigantea leaf extract ointment showed better wound contraction than B. aegyptiaca roots extract
ointment.
Comparative Efficacy of Different Medicaments for Induction of Estrus in True Anestrus Jafarabadi Buffalo Heifers
Authors: Raval Rupesh , Parmar Kiran , Vala Karshan , Solanki Gajendra , Parikh S. S.
Published: May 2017

The relative efficacy of different treatment modalities was evaluated for induction of estrus in 32
post-pubertal true anestrus Jafarabadi buffalo heifers randomly divided into four equal groups.
Animals of Group I received intravaginal CIDR and i/m injection of 1.0 mg estradiol valerate on
day 0, i/m injection of 500 μg PGF2α on day 7 while removing CIDR, and 0.75 mg estradiol valerate
on day 8. Fix timed insemination (FTAI) was performed at 48 and 72 h following PGF2α injection.
Animals of Group II received standard Ovsynch protocol with FTAI. In Group III, Prajana HS 3 caps/
day for 3 days along with i/m injection of Vitamin AD3E (5 ml) and Tonophosphan (15 ml) on first
day were administered. Group IV animals received no treatment and served as control. Among all
inseminated heifers, in non-return cases pregnancy was confirmed per rectum 60 days postbreeding.
The estrus induction response in Group I and II animals was 100 %, whereas in Group
III and IV it was 37.5 % and 12.5%, respectively. In Group I, one animal conceived at induced estrus
and another four at second service while in Group II, five animals conceived at second service giving
overall conception rate (CR) of 62.5% in each group within 77 days of treatment. In Group III, three
animals conceived by 70 days and in Group IV, only one animal (12.5%) showed estrus and
conceived by 50 days of treatment with overall CR of 37.5% and 12.5%, respectively. Mean plasma
progesterone concentration was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher on day 7 as compared to day 0, at
estrus and on day 20 post-AI in all the animals. It was concluded that both CIDR and Ovsynch
protocols are better than herbal heat inducer + supplements in inducing fertile estrus in anestrus
buffalo heifers.
Effect of bypass fat supplementation on performance of Growing crossbred calves
Authors: Meshram R. T. , Ramteke B. N. , Gadegaonkar G. M. , Sirsat S. D.
Published: May 2017

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of bypass fat supplementation on weight
gain, feed intake and efficiency of feed utilization growing crossbred calves. Eighteen growing
crossbred calves 6-7 months of age and 134 kg average body weight were randomly divided into
three equal groups viz, Group-T0 (control), T1 and T2 on the basis of age, weight and sex with three
male and three female in each group. All the groups received standard concentrate mixture for
13 weeks. The animals in treatment T1 and T2 fed on concentrate mixture supplemented with bypass
fat @ 30 and 60 g per calf per day, respectively. The average body weight gain, DM intake, TDN
and DCP intake by calves from group T2 was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than group T0 and T1.
The efficiency of feed utilization in terms of DM, TDN and DCP intake per kg gain was non significant.
The nutrient digestibility was higher for treatment groups supplemented with bypass fat. Thus it was
concluded that supplementation of bypass fat @60 g per calf per day was beneficial for improving
the overall growth performance of calves.
Carcass Characteristics Of Salem Black Kids Under Intensive And Semi-Intensive Systems Of Management
Authors: Chinnamani K. , Kumar V.Ramesh Saravana , Muralidharan J. , Thiruvenkadan A. K. , Kumar S. Suresh , Kumar P. Vasantha
Published: May 2017

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the carcass characteristics of Salem Black kids under
intensive and semi-intensive systems of management. Sixteen weaned kids were selected at
random and they were placed in two treatments comprising of eight kids in each group. The dressing
percentage of intensive and semi-intensively reared kids differed highly significantly(P less than 0.01). The
primal cuts percentage did not differ significantly for leg, loin, rack, breast and fore shank and the
neck and shoulder. The loin eye area was highly significant (P less than 0.01) between intensive and semiintensively
reared kids. The kidney and omental fat was significantly (Pless than0.05 and P less than 0.01 ) higher
in intensive system when compared compare to semi-intensive system of rearing.
Pasturollesis: Complication of Metastatic Supporative pneumonia Severe Stress in Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus)
Authors: Shrivastav A.B. , Rokde Amol , Agarwal Sandeep , Shrivastav Gaurav
Published: May 2017

The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) is amega herbivores and represents one of the most
critically endangered species of large mammals in the world. Few infectious diseases are
responsible to decrease their number both wild and in semi-captive condition. Diseases that are
shared between species also represent a potential burden to the whole ecosystem, affecting
biodiversity, changing behavior or composition of animal populations, and even relegating species
to the fringe of extinction (Daszak et al., 2000). Pasturollesis is an acute and often fatal disease
primarily occurring in water buffaloes and cattle, but occasionally other domesticated and wild
mammals and caused by particular serotypes of gram-negative bacterium Pasteurella multocida
and manifested by an acute and highly fatal septicaemia.
Successful Management of Dystocia due to Schistosomus Reflexus Fetus in a Cow
Authors: Gupta Rishi Kumar , Singh Vipin , Sachan Vikas , Agrawal Jitendra K. , Saxena Atul
Published: May 2017

Schistosomus reflexus is a rare type of congenital fetal monstrosity commonly seen in cattle and
occasionally in other species (Knight, 1996). It is characterized by spinal inversion either dorsoflexion
or retroflexion of vertebral column with or without ankylosis and exposure of abdominal and some
time thoracic viscera (Denis and Meyer, 1965; Cavalieri and Farin, 1999; Ozcan et al., 2003). The
condition belongs to the family of defects involving incomplete closure of ventral body wall (Sacchan
et al., 2013). The incidence ranges from 0.01% (Sloss and Johnston, 1967) to 1.3% (Knight, 1996)
of bovine dystocia. The cases that display both visceral exposure and spinal inversion are considered
as true schistosomus reflexus (Roberts, 1971).
A RAPID, SENSITIVE AND VALIDATED ULTRA PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF PAROMOMYCIN IN MICE PLASMA: APPLICATION TO PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY
Authors: Pinjari M. Jakir S. K. , Somani Rahul S. , Gilhotra Ritu M.
Published: May 2017

Objective: To develop and validate simple, sensitive, accurate and selective UPLC-MS/MS method for quantification of paromomycin (PARO) in mice plasma.Methods: Precipitation method was used for the extraction of plasma samples, an aliquot of 25 µl plasma samples was extracted using 10% perchloric acid in water. Chromatographic separation was performed using waters acquity ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) columns, BEH HILIC (50 mm× 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) by a gradient mixture of acetonitrile and water (both containing 0.005% v/v trifluro acetic acid) as a mobile phase at the flow rate of 0.2 ml/min. The analyte was protonated in the positive electrospray ionization (ESI) interface and detected in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) modes using the transition m/z 308.60-455.30.Results: The method had a short chromatographic run time of 3 min. Calibration curves were linear over wide ranges of 50.51-5019.22 ng/ml. The between and within-batch precision and accuracy of the method was determined by using 4 quality control samples, the highest % CV observed was 11.06. The mean recovery values are 78.17, 101.17 and 92.58 at low, medium and high-quality control levels; respectively.Conclusion: It was concluded that the developed and validated UPLC-MS/MS method was rapid, sensitive, accurate, precise, linear, and specific. Therefore, this method can be used for quantification of PARO in mice plasma with various advantages over the reported methods.
ACUTE TOXICITY EVALUATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF INDONESIAN VELVET BEANS
Authors: Sardjono Ratnaningsih Eko , Musthapa Iqbal , . Sholihin , Qowiyah Atun , Rachmawati Rahmi
Published: May 2017

Objective: This research was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of ethanol extract of velvet beans (Mucuna pruriens) from Indonesia. Extract of Indonesian Mucuna pruriens seeds showed antiparkinson activity due to the presence of L-DOPA inadequate levels. However, research on the toxicity level of Mucuna pruriens seeds from Indonesia is still limited. Acute toxicity data are needed to make Mucuna pruriens as standardized herbal medicine for Parkinson disease.Methods: The dried seed of Mucuna pruriens was extracted by ethanol and suspended with tragacanth to make several dosas of ethanol extract of Mucuna pruriens seeds. Determination of acute toxicity was performed on six groups, each consisting of five Wistar rats. One group was used as a control group; other groups were given ethanol extract of Mucuna pruriens seeds orally at a dose of 5 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, and 5000 mg/kg body weight. Symptoms of toxicity, including death, were observed daily for 14 d. At the end of the observation, the surviving Wistar rats were autopsied and the brain, heart, liver, lungs, stomach, spleen, kidneys, and ovaries were weighed to give relative organ weight.Results: There was no mortality observed in all groups. The Wistar rats gained weight within the normal range. The relative organ weights in all groups generally did not show a significant difference. However, the significant differences (P<0.05) were seen in the liver for all treatment groups compared to the control group.Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Mucuna pruriens seeds from Indonesia administered orally has LD50>5000 mg/kg, thus it could be regarded as safe or non-toxic. However, this extract may be potentially toxic to the liver
HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY COMBINATION OF CURANGA FEL-TERRAE LOUR LEAVES AND CURCUMA HEYNEANA VALETON AND ZIJP RHIZOME IN RAT INDUCED BY COMBINATION OF RIFAMPIN AND ISONIAZID
Authors: . Marianne , Chrestella Jessy , Ginting Maria Andriani , Dalimunthe Aminah , Nasution Rosnani
Published: May 2017

Objective: The liver is a vital organ in the body, it is often exposured to the xenobiotics that can cause injury. Pugun tano (Curanga fel-terrae) and temu giring (Curcuma heyneana) are plants that have been claimed to cure many ailments including protecting the liver. But the hepatoprotective properties of the combination of these plants has not been well studied. In this regard, the current study was undertaken to evaluate the activity combination of those plants.Methods: The male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups, group I was a negative control (CMC-Na); group II-IV were the treatment groups and were given combination extracts at the doses of 50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively; group V was positive control (catechin) and group VI was normal control. All of groups except group VI were given combination rifampin 100 mg/kg and isoniazid 50 mg/kg for 15 d along with administration of extracts. At the day 16, rats were sacrificed. Histopathology of the liver and biochemical assay of blood was done at the end of the administration.Results: The administration of the combination of C. fel-terrae and C. heyneana at the doses of 75 and 100 mg/kg significantly inhibited the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) compared to negative control (p<0.05). Histopathological assessment of the liver was comparable to the normal control (p>0.05).Conclusion: The combination of C. fel-terrae and C. heyneana at the dose of 75 and 100 mg/kg is able to protect the liver from damage induced by rifampin and isoniazid.
ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SELECTED PLANTS USED BY POPULATIONS FROM JURUENA VALLEY, LEGAL AMAZON, BRAZIL
Authors: Silva Larissa Irene Da , Karuppusamy Arunachalam , Miyajima Fabio , Violante Ivana Maria Povoa , Bieski Isanete Geraldini Costa , Balogun Sikiru Olaitan , Martins Domingos Tabajara De Oliveira
Published: May 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate selected Brazilian plants from Juruena valley region of Mato Grosso, for their in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.Methods: The powder obtained from different parts of the twenty-six (26) plants were macerated in hydroethanolic solution to obtain the extracts. The hydroethanolic extracts were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity by determining the MIC using broth microdilution. The 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and nitric oxide (NO) methods were used for the determination of antioxidant activities. Correlation between classes of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity was assessed.Results: Phanera glabra extract (HEPg) showed broad antibacterial spectrum, presenting the best activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Hevea microphylla extract (HEHm) presented a narrow spectrum of antibacterial activity with strong effect against Shigella flexneri. The only plant with broad spectrum antifungal activity was Bertholletia excelsa (HEBe), with moderate activity against strains of Aspergillus and Candida. The following extracts were prominent regarding their activities in the DPPH and FRAP assays-HEBe, Cariniana rubra (HECr) and in the FRAP assay alone, Cedrela odorata (HECo) and HEPg. None of the extracts was active in the NO assay. A significant association was observed between DPPH activity and the total phenolic contents.Conclusion: Our results justified the use of some of the investigated plants in the Brazilian ethnomedicine. The antibacterial activities of these plants are bacteriostatic in nature. These findings support that a number of investigated plants could be a valuable source of new antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds that can potentially deliver novel mechanisms of actions.However, further studies are required.
BURDEN OF THERAPY IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION
Authors: Ramanna Mali Kalpana , A. Ruckmani , Janti Siddharam S. , Eerike Madhavi , Prabu R. Lakshmipathy
Published: May 2017

Objective: To estimate a) monthly expenditure for treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN) and both (DM+HTN) and b) economic burden (EB) and psychological burden (PB) of therapy of DM, HTN and DM+HTN.Methods: An observational questionnaire-based study was conducted among 180 patients. The monthly cost of drug therapy was assessed based on the drugs they were taking and the cost of individual drugs. The EB and PB were assessed using a validated questionnaire and data analysed by ANOVA followed by post hoc test.Results: Among 216 patients who were interviewed, 180 fulfilled the selection criteria. Among 180, 75 had DM, 40 HTN and 65 had both. Prevalence of DM and DM+HTN was higher among females and of HTN equal among males and females. The average total monthly cost of therapy for DM was INR 2077, for HTN INR 1464 and for DM+HTN INR 2269.Significant correlation was found between income and percentage of expenditure (p<0.001) in all the groups. The PB was found to correlate with low income (p<0.001), poor education (p<0.05) occupation (p<0.01) in DM+HTN and number of tablets (p<0.01) in DM and DM+HTN groups.Conclusion: The cost of therapy was higher for DM+HTN and DM. The percentage of expenditure was higher in low-income group and burden of therapy was directly proportional to the number of tablets, poor educational and occupational status; and inversely proportional to income.
V. NEGUNDO, L. CAMARA AND B. VARIEGATA PLANTS LEAF EXTRACT EXHIBIT CONSIDERABLE IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES
Authors: Badgujar Nutan , Mistry Kinnari , Patel Jagdish
Published: May 2017

Objective: The study was planned to investigate antioxidant and anticancer activities with the preliminary phytochemical analysis of methanolic extracts of Vitex negundo (V. negundo), Lantana camara (L. camara) and Bauhania variegata (B. variegata) plants leaf extracts.Methods: Phytochemical evaluation was performed for all the extracts, as per the standard methods. In vitro antioxidant activities were performed by using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2, 2'-Azino-Bis-3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid) and FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay) method and compared with standard antioxidants. The anticancer activity of plant extract was assessed using MTT colorimetric assay.Results: The study of preliminary phytochemical proved the existence of alkaloids, flavonoids and phenolic types of phytochemicals in high amount. Methanolic extract of L. camara shows minimum IC50 value for DPPH assay (48.75±2.34 µg/ml) and FRAP assay (274.66±3.65 µg/ml). In ABTS assay B. variegata extract exhibit minimum IC50 value (60.48±3.01 µg/ml). Lower the IC50 value of extract, higher the effectiveness of the plant. Methanolic extract of all plants methanolic extracts showed anticancer activity against SH-SY-5Y cells (human neuroblastoma cell) but V. negundo was more effective against SH-SY-5Y cells with IC50 value (209 µg/ml) compared to remaining extracts.Conclusion: The current finding accomplished the in vitro activities, so that plant could be a superior source of antioxidant and anticancer drugs. But further in vivo assessment was needed before adding it into the pharma industry.
HPLC-PDA METHOD FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF PARACETAMOL IN PLASMA: APPLICATION TO PK/PD STUDIES WITH ARTHRITIC RATS
Authors: RamÍrez Adriana Miriam DomÍnguez , LÓpez-muÑoz Francisco Javier , Medina JosÉ RaÚl , Hurtado Marcela , Ángeles Georgina AlarcÓn , Pineda Adriana Desiree , Moreno-rocha Luis Alfonso
Published: May 2017

Objective: To develop and validate an easy, rapid, sensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode diode-array (HPLC-PDA) detection method for quantification of paracetamol and to demonstrate its application in a pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic study with arthritic rats.Methods: Paracetamol was separated from plasma samples (50-100 µl) by a single protein precipitation step, prior to HPLC-PDA detection. The separation was performed on a Knauer Eurospher II, C18 column 5 µm, 150 × 4.6 mm. The mobile phase comprised a mixture of water: methanol (75:25) and the flow rate was 1.1 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 245 nm. All analyses were carried out at room temperature (25 °C). Pharmacodynamics data were obtained with a gout-type pain model in rats.Results: The method was linear within a range of 0.2-200 µg/ml (R2≥0.99). The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy expressed as coefficient of variation and relative error, respectively were below 10%. The lower limit of quantification was 0.2 µg/ml. Plasma samples were stable at least for 5 w at ‒20° C.Conclusion: The validated method is sensitive, precise, accurate and specific as other more complex high-performance liquid chromatographic methods coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), using small plasma samples (50-100 µl) and with a short time analysis (<5 min). The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic study of paracetamol in arthritic rats.
Consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios colombianos
Authors: Betancourth Zambrano Sonia , Tacán Bastidas Lised Evelin , Córdoba Paz Edwin Giovanny
Published: May 2017

Introducción: El consumo de alcohol se concibe como una problemática de salud pública, dada la significativa prevalencia de consumo y las consecuencias negativas, se precisa contribuir a la prevención desde la identificación de poblaciones en riesgo como la universitaria y los factores que influyen en el desarrollo del consumo. Objetivo: Identificar y analizar los factores asociados al consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios del sur-occidente colombiano. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo–transversal con una muestra de 849 estudiantes universitarios, obtenida por muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Para la recolección de datos cuantitativos se aplicó un cuestionario para caracterizar el consumo de alcohol y los factores sociodemográficos. El análisis de la información incluyó estadísticos descriptivos para prevalencia, patrón de consumo y policonsumo, así mismo se calculó la relación entre las variables a través de la prueba Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de consumo de alcohol de 97,5%, la mayoría de estudiantes reportan consumir alcohol con su grupo de amigos (76%), seguido de la familia (24,9%). La frecuencia de consumo de alcohol se da principalmente cada mes (25,8%) y cada quince días (18,8%). Además, se encontró asociaciones entre sexo y la frecuencia de consumo de alcohol (p=000) y el número de tipo de bebidas alcohólicas (p= 000), donde son los hombres quienes mayor consumen y quienes principalmente mezclan diferentes tipos de bebidas. Conclusiones: Los niveles de consumo de alcohol se mantienen con el tiempo y es necesario que las universidades se preocupen por una educación integral que permita disminuir el consumo de alcohol.
Soporte social percibido en cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica
Authors: Romero Guevara Sandra Lucrecia , Correa Bertha Lucia , Camargo Figuera Fabio Alberto
Published: May 2017

Introducción: El aumento de las enfermedades crónicas ha puesto en evidencia la problemática entre la oferta y demanda de los servicios de salud, generando el desplazamiento de cuidados al hogar y sobrecarga a los cuidadores familiares. Objetivo: determinar el soporte social percibido por los cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte trasversal, se aplicó el instrumento: Inventario de Soporte Social en Enfermedad Crónica de Hilbert a 129 cuidadores de personas con enfermedad crónica atendidos en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención. Resultados: Los cuidadores continúan siendo principalmente mujeres (89,9%). El puntaje promedio de la escala fue de 110,7, desviación estándar = 38,1, observándose diferencias significativas en la escolaridad (p=0,030), el estrato socioeconómico (p=0,013) y el alojamiento conjunto al paciente (p=0,010). Conclusión: Los cuidadores reportaron estar poco satisfechos con el soporte social percibido y esta percepción estuvo relacionada con las condiciones socioeconómicas de las personas.
Prognostic potential of free convection models for analysis of thermal conditions of heat supply objects
Authors: Kuznetsov Geniy , Maksimov Vyacheslav , Nagornova Tatiana
Published: May 2017

The article shows the results of mathematical simulation of convective turbulent heat transfer in the closed domain with heat-conducting walls and the source of heat emission. The system of equations in the model of thermal conductivity for the solid walls and Navier-Stokes equations for gas are solved. The article examines the possible versions of the calculation of the turbulent regime in the geometrically simple air region by means of conducting the simulation within the framework of algebraic models (Van Driest and Prandtl-Reichardt), and k-? model. On the basis of the obtained results the authors made a conclusion about the possibility of applying the algebraic model of Prandtl to describe the integral characteristics of turbulent flows in the conditions of natural convection in a geometrically simple area when the air heated by the heat source is moved by the lifting force. Besides, the temperature fields for a typical real object of heat supply are simulated in the article. The values of the dimensionless heat exchange coefficient at the air-wall interface are determined. The comparative analysis of two quite significantly different approaches to determine the average temperature in the heated room, i. e. the traditional balance approach and the approach based on the considered system of partial differential equations is executed. It is concluded that the balance models of the calculation of the temperature regime can adequately describe real temperatures of heat supply objects only for very large values of the characteristic times of the processes in question.
Numerical study of heat transfer of a micropolar fluid through a porous medium with radiation
Authors: Mohammadi Fakhrodin , Rashidi Mohammad
Published: May 2017

An efficient Spectral Collocation method based on the shifted Legendre polynomials was applied to get solution of heat transfer of a micropolar fluid through a porous medium with radiation. A similarity transformation is applied to convert the governing equations to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. Then, the shifted Legendre polynomials and their operational matrix of derivative are used for producing an approximate solution for this system of non-linear differential equations. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the need for guessing and correcting the initial values during the solution procedure is eliminated and a stable solution with good accuracy can be obtained by using the given boundary conditions in the problem. A very good agreement is observed between the obtained results by the proposed Spectral Collocation method and those of previously published ones.
A method to estimate savings of led lighting instalation in public buildings: The case study of secondary schools in Serbia
Authors: Josijevic Mladen , Gordic Dusan , Milovanovic Dobrica , Jurisevic Nebojsa , Rakic Nikola
Published: May 2017

This paper examines the potentials of saving electric energy in school lighting by replacing the existent systems of lighting with more adequate ones which are based on light-emitting diode technology. Our primary goal is to present the methodology used in this analysis since it can be used to determine potential savings in lighting systems of any public building. We have performed the detailed analysis of nine high schools located in Kragujevac, Serbia. The first step was to collect the data about the numbers and types of systems utilized, as well as about the habits of their users. This has revealed the share of electricity consumption for lighting in total electricity consumption. The replacements for each existent light source have been proposed taking into consideration the projected value of light flux depending on the purpose of each room. The calculations of potential savings through the replacement of lighting systems have been conducted taking into consideration not only the savings in electric energy but also the savings made through the maintenance cost reduction. Based on the results, the potential savings range from 53-62% while the payback period for the analysed schools is about four years in average.
Non-stationary heat transfer in gels applied to biotehnology
Authors: Pokusaev Boris , Vyazmin Andrey , Zakharov Nikolay , Karlov Sergey , Nekrasov Dmitry , Reznik Vyacheslav , Khramtsov Dmitry
Published: May 2017

Unsteady heat transfer in agarose gels of various concentrations was studied in order to make a breakthrough in the technology of 3-D additive bioprinting. Data on the kinetics of the phase transformation was obtained using spectroscopy as a function of temperature during the formation of agarose hydrogel. The dynamics of aging was investigated for gels of different densities. The time dependence of the structural changes was obtained. Particular attention was paid to the changes in the structure of the gel due to the processes of evaporation of the liquid during the gel formation and during long-term storage. Experiments were performed to determine the dynamics of the temperature fields simultaneously with heat flux measurements during the formation of agarose gels from different initial concentrations. A technique based on experimental data for the computations of the thermophysical coefficients of agarose gels was developed.
Alterations in 3-Hydroxyisobutyrate and FGF21 Metabolism Are Associated With Protein Ingestion–Induced Insulin Resistance
Authors: Harris Lydia-Ann L.S. , Smith Gordon I. , Patterson Bruce W. , Ramaswamy Raja S. , Okunade Adewole L. , Kelly Shannon C. , Porter Lane C. , Klein Samuel , Yoshino Jun , Mittendorfer Bettina
Published: May 2017

Systemic hyperaminoacidemia, induced by either intravenous amino acid infusion or protein ingestion, reduces insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Studies of mice suggest that the valine metabolite 3-hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), adiponectin, and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) may be involved in amino acid–mediated insulin resistance. We therefore measured in 30 women the rate of glucose disposal, and plasma 3-HIB, FGF21, adiponectin, and NEFA concentrations, under basal conditions and during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp procedure (HECP), with and without concomitant ingestion of protein (n = 15) or an amount of leucine that matched the amount of protein (n = 15). We found that during the HECP without protein or leucine ingestion, the grand mean ± SEM plasma 3-HIB concentration decreased (from 35 ± 2 to 14 ± 1 µmol/L) and the grand median [quartiles] FGF21 concentration increased (from 178 [116, 217] to 509 [340, 648] pg/mL). Ingestion of protein, but not leucine, decreased insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (P < 0.05) and prevented both the HECP-mediated decrease in 3-HIB and increase in FGF21 concentration in plasma. Neither protein nor leucine ingestion altered plasma adiponectin or NEFA concentrations. These findings suggest that 3-HIB and FGF21 might be involved in protein-mediated insulin resistance in humans.
Recessively InheritedLRBAMutations Cause Autoimmunity Presenting as Neonatal Diabetes
Authors: Johnson Matthew B. , De Franco Elisa , Lango Allen Hana , Al Senani Aisha , Elbarbary Nancy , Siklar Zeynep , Berberoglu Merih , Imane Zineb , Haghighi Alireza , Razavi Zahra , Ullah Irfan , Alyaarubi Saif , Gardner Daphne , Güven Ayla , Ellard Sian , Hattersley Andrew T. , Flanagan Sarah E.
Published: May 2017

Young-onset autoimmune diabetes associated with additional autoimmunity usually reflects a polygenic predisposition, but rare cases result from monogenic autoimmunity. Diagnosing monogenic autoimmunity is crucial for patients’ prognosis and clinical management. We sought to identify novel genetic causes of autoimmunity presenting with neonatal diabetes (NDM) (diagnosis <6 months). We performed exome sequencing in a patient with NDM and autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome and his unrelated, unaffected parents and identified compound heterozygous null mutations in LRBA. Biallelic LRBA mutations cause common variable immunodeficiency-8; however, NDM has not been confirmed in this disorder. We sequenced LRBA in 169 additional patients with diabetes diagnosed <1 year without mutations in the 24 known NDM genes. We identified recessive null mutations in 8 additional probands, of which, 3 had NDM (<6 months). Diabetes was the presenting feature in 6 of 9 probands. Six of 17 (35%) patients born to consanguineous parents and with additional early-onset autoimmunity had recessive LRBA mutations. LRBA testing should be considered in patients with diabetes diagnosed <12 months, particularly if they have additional autoimmunity or are born to consanguineous parents. A genetic diagnosis is important as it can enable personalized therapy with abatacept, a CTLA-4 mimetic, and inform genetic counseling.
Comparative Study on Power Transmission Modeling in Large Scale AGC Power System
Authors: E. Rakhshani  , A.M. Cantarellas  , P. Rodriguez  , R. Teodorescu
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a comparative analysis for various type of power transmission modeling in multi-area AGC power system. AC power transmission, parallel AC-AC transmission lines and parallel AC-DC transmission modeling in two-area LFC power system is presented and the results are compared. Based on simulation results the positive effects of HVDC links under random load disturbance are demonstrated.
Examen d’analyses récentes portant sur l’Étude canadienne sur l'incidence des signalements de cas de violence et de négligence envers les enfants (ECI)
Authors: Potter D. , Nasserie T. , Tonmyr L.
Published: May 2017

Introduction

Cette analyse a comme objectif de rassembler les articles évalués par les pairs utilisant des données tirées de l’Étude canadienne sur l’incidence des signalements de
cas de violence et de négligence envers les enfants (ECI) publiées depuis novembre 2011 ainsi que des suréchantillons provinciaux de l’ECI, d’évaluer la qualité de leurs
conclusions, de les synthétiser et de faire le bilan des variations dans l’utilisation de ces données.

Méthodologie

Nous avons sélectionné les articles au moyen du suivi des demandes d’accès aux données de l’ECI effectué par l’Agence de la santé publique du Canada et au suivi des
publications produites au moyen de ces données. Deux évaluateurs au moins ont examiné de façon indépendante les articles et en ont évalué la qualité.

Résultats

Nous avons conservé 32 articles. Leurs points forts étaient en général les suivants : objectifs de recherche clairement établis, variables de contrôle appropriées,
analyses pertinentes, taille de l’échantillon suffisante, conclusions pertinentes et utilité pour les pratiques et politiques. Leur point problématique était le plus souvent une
définition floue des variables et des critères d’inclusion des cas. La plupart du temps, les articles mesuraient les associations entre les caractéristiques des mauvais traitements
et celles des enfants, des pourvoyeurs de soins, du ménage et de l’organisme ou de la personne à l’origine du signalement et ils s’intéressaient aux conséquences des signalements,
par exemple l’ouverture d’un dossier pour une prestation continue de services ou le placement.

Conclusion

Les articles utilisant des données de l’ECI ont obtenu des scores positifs pour la plupart des indicateurs de qualité. Dans leurs analyses les plus récentes, les
chercheurs se sont concentrés sur les catégories de maltraitance insuffisamment étudiées jusqu’ici (exposition à la violence conjugale, négligence et violence psychologique)
et ont étudié les facteurs spécifiques touchant les enfants des Premières Nations. Les données des suréchantillons de l’ECI ont été sous-utilisées. L’utilisation de techniques
d’analyse multivariée a augmenté.
Review of the Sayh al Uhaymir (SaU) 005, Plus Pairings, Martian Meteorite from Al Wusta, Oman
Authors: Ali Arshad , Nasir Sobhi , Jabeen Iffat , Al-Rawas Ahmed
Published: May 2017

Al Wusta is a desert area in the Sultanate of Oman which is famous due to the discovery of a number of Martian and Lunar meteorites since the start of the present millennium. According to the Meteoritical Bulletin database, 137 approved Martian meteorites have been found worldwide, including 17 from Oman (4 from Zufar, 13 from Al Wusta region). Interestingly 11 finds in the last 15 years have been of Sayh al Uhaymir (SaU) 005 and its pairings. These finds (estimated mass = 11.2 kg) are linked to 10 search expeditions carried out between November 26, 1999 and March 2, 2014 by the Swiss group from the University of Bern and several anonymous meteorite hunters. The bulk of these meteorites (~97%) is in the possession of anonymous collectors, negatively affecting Oman’s natural heritage and denying further research opportunities, given their associated scientific value. SaU 005 and its pairings belong to the shergottite group of the Shergotty-Nakhla-Chassigny (SNC) meteorites, originating from various depths within the Martian mantle. We discuss the recently published oxygen isotope data of bulk and mineral fractions of SaU 008 recovered during the very first expedition in 1999 in the context of other shergottites found in Oman. The bulk oxygen isotope data of SaU 008 and Dhofar 019, another Martian meteorite from Oman, show a narrow range in δ18O values. Their Δ17O values are remarkably close to identical and fall linearly on a Martian fractionation line above the terrestrial fractionation line (TFL) by + 0.32‰, suggesting that Mars’ mantle is homogeneous in oxygen isotopes. Petrographic and mineralogical data of SaU 005 and other pairings published in the Meteoritical Bulletin are compiled, and it is noted that all the meteorites are identical and are likely paired. The story behind these rare extra-terrestrial specimens demands a local meteorite museum and preliminary testing laboratory at Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) to protect this treasure trove of Omani heritage.
Skeptheism: Is Knowledge of God’s Existence Possible?
Authors: Mizrahi Moti
Published: May 2017

In this paper, I sketch an argument for the view that we cannot know (or have good reasons to believe) that God exists. Some call this view “strong agnosticism” but I prefer the term “skeptheism” in order to clearly distinguish between two distinct epistemic attitudes with respect to the existence of God, namely, agnosticism and skepticism. For the skeptheist, we cannot know (or have good reasons to believe) that God exists, since there can be neither conceptual (a priori) nor empirical (a posteriori) evidence for the existence of God.
Moral Evil, Privation, and God
Authors: Grant W. Matthews
Published: May 2017

On a traditional account, God causes sinful acts and their properties, insofar as they are real, but God does not cause sin, since only the sinner causes the privations in virtue of which such acts are sinful. After explicating this privation solution, I defend it against two objections: (1) that God would cause the sinful act’s privation simply by causing the act and its positive features; and (2) that there is no principled way to deny that God causes the privation yet still affirm that the sinner causes it. I close by considering a limitation of the privation solution.
Perspectiva de los docentes sobre la enseñanza de investigación científica en la Escuela de Enfermería de la UNMSM
Authors: Loli Ponce Rudi Amalia , Cornejo Valdivia Rocío , Vera Mendoza Martha , Sandoval Vegas Miguel , Ramírez Miranda Edna , Loli Ponce Angélica
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Describir las representaciones sociales en la enseñanza de la investigación científica en docentes de la Escuela de Enfermería de la UNMSM en el 2012. Materiales y métodos: Cualitativo: descriptivo interpretativo utilizando la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. Resultados: Emergieron cinco categorías, de las que se analizaron las siguientes: 1) reconociendo la importancia de la actividad de investigación del docente, 2) enseñando en base a la experiencia en investigación y 3) considerando la complejidad de la enseñanza de la investigación. Conclusiones: El proceso de enseñanza de la investigación es una actividad que genera estatus académico, un posicionamiento selectivo y perfeccionamiento, expresión de la propia experiencia; es una oportunidad de interacción pedagógica y social. Reconocen en los estudiantes sentimientos de frustración y actitudes desfavorables que generan en los docentes posturas ambivalentes: mayor exigencia académica o mayor exibilidad. Se requiere de espacios para llegar a consensos teóricos y metodológicos; sin embargo, se perciben actitudes favorables hacia la enseñanza de la investigación.
Perfil de competencias de las enfermeras especialistas en emergencias y desastres que laboran en instituciones hospitalarias nivel III-2 y III-3
Authors: Ramírez Miranda Edna , Loli Ponce Rudi Amalia , Fuentes Ramírez Blanca , Sandoval Vegas Miguel , Ramirez Miranda Durga
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Identificar las competencias de las enfermeras especialistas en Emergencias y Desastres, desde la práctica. Materiales y métodos: Este estudio es cuantitativo, descriptivo y de corte transversal; se aplicó la encuesta a una muestra conformada por enfermeras especialistas que se encuentran laborando en instituciones hospitalarias nivel III-2 y III-3. Resultados: Las competencias identificadas en la práctica de la especialidad son competencias específicas en un 72,7 %; las competencias básicas en un 45,5 % y las genéricas en 42,4 %. Conclusiones: Las competencias básicas poseen autocontrol emocional en torno a situaciones de emergencia con pacientes críticos, valorándolo en forma holística; desarrolla habilidades para la toma de decisiones previniendo complicaciones. Las competencias genéricas aplica las bases fisiológicas, fisiopatológicas y farmacológicas en la valoración y atención inmediata y mediata del paciente crítico; demuestra actitud respetuosa hacia la interculturalidad de las personas. Las competencias específicas demuestran habilidades personales e interpersonales con sensibilidad y pericia profesional garantizando la seguridad del paciente en estado crítico; valora, diagnostica e interviene en forma eficaz y rápida frente a las respuestas humanas que se generan ante los problemas de salud.
Variables académicas, comprensión lectora, estrategias y motivación en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Guerra García Jorge , Guevara Benítez Carmen Yolanda
Published: May 2017

El objetivo fue evaluar diversos niveles de comprensión lectora en estudiantes universitarios, relacionándolos con el uso de estrategias y motivación, y variables sociodemográficas y académicas. La muestra de 570 participantes se obtuvo por muestreo probabilístico estratificado de tipo proporcional. Se aplicaron dos instrumentos validados y un cuestionario. Los datos se analizaron con pruebas estadísticas ANOVA y t de Student. Los resultados indicaron promedios alrededor del 66% de ejecución en comprensión y del 69% en estrategias lectoras y motivación; el mayor porcentaje de alumnos dedicó entre seis y diez horas semanales a la lectura. Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas relacionadas con el grado académico: no contar con un empleo, promedio académico, contar con beca, género de los participantes, haber presentado exámenes extraordinarios y, en especial, con el tiempo dedicado a la lectura. El coeficiente Pearson arrojó una correlación positiva entre comprensión lectora y estrategias de lectura y motivación.