bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Microwave Radiation on the Freezing Rate of Water in a Heat Pump Installation
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Novikov Andrey A. , Grebenshchikov Nikolay I. , Ershova Irina G. , Vasil’ev Aleksey N.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the data obtained as a result of an experiment to determine the eﬀect of microwave radiation on the freezing rate of water in a heat pump installation are presented. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in experimentally evaluating the eﬀect of microwave radiation on the speed of the water-ice phase transition to increase the eﬃciency of the heat pump unit by increasing the rate of water crystallization. (Materials and methods) The main criterion for conducting the experiment was the speed of the water-ice phase transition of ordinary water and water that passed through microwave radiation. The article presents an experimental installation for conducting experiments, consisting of a 90-liter freezer, a Danfoss TLES4F compressor with a cooling capacity of 91 Watts, a programmable Arduino controller with four connected sealed DS18B20 temperature sensors, a water tank made of food- grade plastic. The article presents the scheme of the experimental installation. The water was treated with microwave radiation for 12 seconds, the thickness of the water layer was 4-5 millimeters, and the power of the magnetron used was 750 Watts. (Results and discussion) There was conducted 20 experiments on obtaining thermal energy using the water-ice phase transition. Ten experiments with ordinary filtered water and ten experiments with water subjected to microwave radiation. (Conclusions) Water subjected to uniform microwave radiation cools to 0 degrees Celsius 23 minutes earlier than water that has passed only filtration, and performs a phase transition to a solid state 74 minutes faster. Microwave radiation can be used to increase the eﬃciency of a heat pump using the energy of the water-ice phase transition by accelerating the production of thermal energy from the heat carrier to the heat supply system.
Method for Calculating the Sound Pressure in Conductors when Identifying Them by the Acoustic Method
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Bukreev Aleksey V. , Vinogradov Aleksandr V.
Published: October 2021

A promising method of identifying conductors in the conditions of agricultural enterprises is the use of acoustic identification tools that allow it to be carried out without disconnecting electrical receivers from the network, without violating the insulation of the identified conductors. The design of devices for acoustic identification requires the development of a methodology for calculating the sound pressure level in conductors when an acoustic signal is applied to them, depending on such factors as the distance from the identification point to the signal source, the cross section and material of the conductor cores, its insulation material, and the frequency of the signal being supplied. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing a methodology for calculating the parameters of the propagation of acoustic signals in conductors when identifying them using acoustic signals. (Materials and methods) The article presents the analysis of existing methods for calculating the acoustic characteristics of solids. The article describes the developed methodology for calculating the parameters of acoustic signal propagation in conductors when identifying them using acoustic signals and tested it using practical tests. (Results and discussion) The main parameter of acoustic signals in conductors when they are identified by acoustic means is the sound pressure level. Authors have developed a method for calculating the sound pressure level in conductors, taking into account such factors as the length of the identified conductor, the frequency of the acoustic signal, the conductor cross-section, the speed of sound waves in conductive cores and insulating materials. The article presents practical experiments to test the applicability of the developed methodology. (Conclusions). To date, acoustic signals are not used to identify conductors, a method for calculating the sound pressure level in conductors has not been developed, taking into account various factors. Authors developed a methodology and performed theoretical calculations of the sound pressure level in the conductors. Based on the results of practical experiments with the use of a control and measuring device, the applicability of the proposed methodology was confirmed.
Research of the Solar Electromagnetic Motor
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Strebkov Dmitriy S. , Bobovnikov Nikolay Yu. ,   Аutonomous non-profit scientific organization for the promotion and development of power installations based on renewable types of energy
Published: October 2021

The article presents the Mendocino solar engine and the solar unipolar engine and their shortcomings. A new solar electromagnetic engine was introduced. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the electrical and mechanical characteristics of a solar electromagnetic motor. (Materials and methods) The LED digital switching DC power supply LW-K3010D; magnetic field detector; digital tachometers RPM, TL-900, DT-2234C; digital LED thermometer 1M-50⁓100; digital voltmeter 0.28 Inch Red; multimeters MAS830L, MAS838L, DT-181, HP-4070L; ammeters M4204; energy meter Dudget KIT MT-4014 were used during the study. The experimental method was used. (Results and discussion) Authors experimentally developed several engine designs. With a rotor diameter of 100 millimeters and a voltage of a high-voltage solar photovoltaic module of 110 volts, the power consumption is 0.44 watts, the rotor rotation speed is 750 rpm. The solar electromagnetic motor with a rotor diameter of 250 millimeters and a total rotor weight of one kilogram consumes 1.9 watts and has 100 rpm at free mode. (Conclusions) The article presents the designs of a solar electromagnetic motor in which there are no losses for eddy currents when the rotor rotates in a constant magnetic field of the stator, and the magnetic field of the rotor currents strengthens the magnetic field of the stator. The advantages of the proposed solar electromagnetic motor are high voltage and low currents in the electric windings, low energy consumption and no losses for eddy currents, for shading solar cells and for friction in sliding contacts. The results allow us to conclude the possibility of further development of solar electric machines using neodymium magnets, ionistors, high- voltage solar modules.
Popüler Edebiyatta Çeviri Yoluyla Milli Kimlik İnşası: İlk Türk Popüler Eserler
Authors: Altıntaş Özge
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türk edebiyat dizgesindeki ilk yerli popüler edebiyat ürünlerinin çeviri yoluyla nasıl yazıldığını ve basıldığı dönemdeki işlevlerinin ne olduğunu incelemektir. Edebiyat dizgemizdeki polisiye, korku ve çizgi roman türlerinin ilk örnekleri olarak kabul edilen Türklerin Sherlock Holmes’ü Amanvermez Avni (1913-1914), Kazıklı Voyvoda (1928) ve Baytekin (1935-1936) bu çalışmanın araştırma nesnelerini oluşturmaktadır. Popüler edebiyatın edebiyat dizgemizdeki ilk yerli örnekleri olarak kabul edilen bu eserler, batılı popüler edebiyat eserleriyle olan benzerlikleri nedeniyle uyarlama/taklit kavramlarıyla anılmaya başlamıştır. Çağdaş çeviri kuramlarına yön veren her çevirinin bir yeniden yazım olduğu ve belirli bir ideolojiyi yansıttığı düşüncesinden hareketle bahsi geçen eserler bu çalışmada “çeviri” kavramı bağlamında yayınlandıkları dönem koşulları çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Yapılan araştırmada popüler edebiyatın milli bir kimlik inşa etme ve dönem ideolojisinin öğretilerini halkın her kesimine yayma konusunda işlevsel bir tür olduğu görülmüştür. İlk yerli örnekler olarak incelenen popüler edebiyat eserlerin ise bu amaca hizmet etmesi amacıyla çeviri yoluyla yazılan eserler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada telif kavramı özgün kavramının eş anlamlısı olarak kullanılmamış, edebiyat geleneğimizde var olan bir çeviri yollu yazma yöntemi olarak ele ele alınmıştır.
Türk ve Batı Edebiyatında Çingene İnançları
Authors: Oymak Alparslan
Published: October 2021

Çingeneler yüzyıllar boyunca hem gerçek yaşamda hem de edebi eserlerde önyargılı yaklaşımların hedefi olmuşlardır. Bunların başında dinsiz olup hiçbir şeye inanmaları gelir. Türk ve Batı edebiyatında Çingenelerle ilgili olumsuz görüşlerin yayılmasında haklarında türetilen efsane ve hikâyelerin payı ilk sıralarda yer alır. Çingenelerin kötü şöhretlerinin yayılmasındaki diğer bir neden de yaşam tarzlarının toplumun genel yapısına uygun görülmemesidir. Şehir sistemine uymadıkları için yabani oldukları, daha doğrusu medeniyetin karşısında bir tehdit oldukları algısı yaygındır. Göçebe olsun ya da olmasın, dışarıya kapalı gruplar şeklinde yaşayan Çingeneler, toplumun geneli tarafından ötekileştirilmiş ve bu durum da eserlere aynı doğrultuda yansımıştır. Türk ve Batı edebiyatında ahlak, inanç, temizlik, hırsızlık gibi konularda önyargılarla betimlenmelerine rağmen Çingenelere daha içeriden bakan azımsanmayacak sayıda eser mevcuttur. Tüm bu eserler incelendiğinde yaygın görüşün aksine Çingenelerin katı kuralları olan bir inanç sistemine ve köklü bir geleneğe sahip oldukları anlaşılmaktadır. Temizlikle ilgili marhime inançları, kadın erkek ilişkileri ve cinsellikle ilgili tabuları onlarla ilgili olumsuz görüşlerin tam aksini işaret eder. Çingeneleri konu edinen eserlerde, hayata bakışları, zaman algıları, ölüm karşısındaki tavırları, aileye verdikleri önem ver dili kullanım biçimleri toplu olarak değerlendirildiğinde Çingenelerin inanç sistemleri daha anlaşılır hale gelmektedir.
Fatima Bakhaï'nin Dounia Adlı Romanında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Dönemindeki Cezayi
Authors: Tomat Yılmaz Ayşe
Published: October 2021

Frankofon Cezayir Edebiyatı’nın gerek Avrupa’da gerekse Türkiye’de üzerinde çok az çalışılan yazarları arasında yer alan Fatima Bakhaï Dounia adlı kurgusal yapıtını 1995 yılında yayımlar. Bakhaï söz konusu romanında, Cezayir’deki Osmanlı İmparatorluğu egemenliği döneminin sonlarından Fransız sömürgecilerin ülkeyi ele geçirdikleri zamana kadar, Cezayir’de yaşanan tarihsel, toplumsal ve siyasal değişimleri Dounia adındaki bir genç kızın yaşamı üzerinden anlatır. Böylelikle, Dayılar Devri’nin sonları, Fransızların Cezayir’i ele geçirme girişimleri ve ulaştıkları zafer romanın tarihsel arka planını oluştururken, Dounia’nın ve Cezayir halkının gündelik yaşamı ise yapıtın kurgusunu meydana getirir. Yazar, iki ayrı bölümden oluşan romanında, bir yandan toplumun geleneksel düzenine koşulsuz boyun eğen ve yaşamları boyunca sessizliğe mahkum edilen kadınları betimler. Diğer yandan da Dounia gibi iyi eğitim görmüş, ataerkil düzene ve içinde yaşadığı toplumun basmakalıp değerlerine başkaldıran kadınları kaleme alır. Nitekim hem tarihsel hem de kurmaca kişileri aracılığıyla, Cezayir toplumunu anlatır. Bu bağlamda, söz konusu çalışmada Fatima Bakhaï’nin Dounia adlı romanında yer alan kadınlar, Cezayir’de yaşanan tarihsel ve toplumsal değişimlere koşut olarak irdelenir.
The Kinship Commodification of Local Ethnic in Lampung in Multicultural Relation
Authors: Margaretha Sinaga Risma
Published: October 2021

Çok kültürlü toplumlarda etnik gruplar arası ilişkilerin karmaşıklığı, çatışma potansiyeline sahip ilişkiler için kontrol modellerini gerektirir. Bu çalışma, Lampung'daki yerel etnik gruplarda akrabalık metalaşmasının anlamını ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Niteliksel bir çalışma olarak, mülakatlar, yerel bir bakış açısı elde etmek (bir unvanı veren ve alan kişi) ve başlığı bütünsel olarak ödüllendirmenin ve çeşitli ilgili belgelerle desteklenen özel ritüeli gözlemlemek için ana araçtır. Sonuçlar, Lampung etnik kökeninin çok kültürlü bir toplumda azınlık düzeyinde konumlandırılmasının, akrabalık benimseyerek bir direniş aracı olarak topluluk yapılarında bir unvan kültürü geliştirme yeteneklerini artırdığını gösterdi. Akrabalık kalıpları ve sembolleri içeren kültürel eylemler, diğer insanları akraba veya aile gibi yapar.
Animasyon (Çizgi Film) Tarihine Kültür Aktarımı Açısından Bir Bakış
Authors: Aslan Erkan
Published: October 2021

Gelişen teknolojiye koşut olarak birçok disiplinin çalışma alanında köklü değişiklikler meydana gelmiştir. Özellikle folklor gibi bilim dalları, veri toplama ve inceleme açısından, dijital alanlardan gün geçtikçe daha fazla yararlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan animasyon gibi türler, içerisinde barındırdığı kültürel ögeler nedeniyle, 21. yüzyılda çağdaş bir “folklor anlatısı” olarak işlev görmektedir. Yaklaşık 100 yıllık bir tarihe sahip olan animasyon, özellikle Disney Stüdyosu’nun kurulmasıyla folklorik bir alt yapıya sahip olmuştur. Bu açıdan bakıldığında animasyonun, kültür aktarımı konusunda da büyük bir işleve sahip olduğu görülecektir. Bu durumun belirgin bir örneğini Japonya oluşturmaktadır. Batı’dan aldığı tekniklere kendi kültürel unsurlarını katarak oluşturduğu animeler, Japon kültürünün popülerleşmesinde önemli bir aracıdır. Türkiye’de ise yaklaşık 60 yıllık bir tarihe sahip olan animasyon, özellikle TRT Çocuk kanalının kurulması ile büyük bir gelişme göstermiş ve Türk kültürünün bu alanda temsili sağlanmıştır. Son yıllarda animasyona aktarılan Dede Korkut Hikâyeleri ve Keloğlan gibi anlatılar, animasyon ile folklor ilişkisini yansıtan belirgin örneklerdir. Bununla birlikte üniversitelerde açılan animasyon bölümleri, profesyonel animatör yetişmesine olanak tanımıştır. Animasyonun bütün bu özellikleri göz önüne alındığında, 21. yüzyılın en önemli kültür aktarım kanalından birisi olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Yine animasyon, yarattığı kültür ekonomisi ile büyük bir sektör durumundadır. Bu çalışmada animasyon ve kültür aktarımı arasındaki ilişki, animasyon tarihi üzerinden sorgulanmış ve animasyonun kültür aktarımı konusunda oldukça büyük bir etki gücüne sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Phenolic profile and biological potential of wild blackberry (Rubus discolor) fruits
Authors: Velickovic Ivona , Zizak Zeljko , Simin Natasa , Bekvalac Kristina , Ivanov Marija , Sokovic Marina , Marin Petar , Grujic Slavica
Published: October 2021

The berries of Rubus discolor are considered a rich source of phytochemicals
which could play an important role in the prevention of prevalent
contemporary chronic diseases. Thus, the goal of the presented study was to
determine the profile of phenolic acids and anthocyanins of aqueous and
ethanol extracts of R. discolor fruit, and their free radical scavenging,
antiproliferative, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities. LC-MS/MS
analyses confirmed the presence of 11 phenolic acids with protocatechuic and
gallic acids being the major compounds. Additionally, cyanidin-
glucoside/galactoside was the most abundant among the five identified
anthocyanins. The ethanol extract was more efficient in scavenging free
radicals than the aqueous extract. The absence of antiproliferative activity
was observed for both extracts. However, they inhibited carbohydrate
hydrolysing digestive enzymes associated with type-2 diabetes. Furthermore,
the obtained results for ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 values
44.52 and 80.72 ?g/mL, for the aqueous and ethanol extracts, respectively)
indicate significantly higher activity than the positive control, GlucobayR
(233.38 ?g/mL). The ethanol extract was more effective against all of the
examined bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter
cloacae) than the aqueous extract. On the contrary, the aqueous extract
showed better antifungal properties, particularly against Trihoderma viride
and Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium. The quantified phenolics and
presented bioactivities of R. discolor fruit extracts candidate them as a
potential source of bioactive compounds which might be used in the food,
pharmacy and cosmetic industries.
Ruderal vegetation in Serbia - diversity and floristic composition
Authors: Tabasevic Milena , Lakusic Dmitar , Kuzmanovic Nevena , Vukojicic Snezana , Glisic Milan , Jovanovic Slobodan
Published: October 2021

This study represents the first data gathering and analysis of the floristic
composition of ruderal vegetation in Serbia, published over the last 70
years. The dataset included 748 relev?s of ruderal communities and a total
of 716 plant species and subspecies. The study showed that the most abundant
were widespread taxa, especially taxa of the Eurasian area type, while alien
species accounted for a relatively small proportion of the ruderal flora
(about 10%). Therophytes and hemicryptophytes were most abundant in the life
form spectra. Five vegetation groups were identified, corresponding to the
following vegetation classes: Bidentetea, Sisymbrietea, Digitario
sanguinalis-Eragrostietea minoris, Artemisietea vulgaris and Polygono-Poetea
annuae. The analysis of similarity showed that there are small floristic
differences between particular vegetation groups. The determined diagnostic
species for the vegetation groups were compared with those of the
corresponding anthropogenic vegetation classes, and a high degree of
similarity was found for all but one group. The most frequent taxa in all
five groups were Polygonum aviculare, Convolvulus arvensis, Plantago major
subsp. major and Chenopodium album.
An insight into the ecology of Woodsia alpina newly recorded for the flora of the Balkan Peninsula
Authors: Randjelovic Vladimir , Jenackovic-Gocic Dragana , Stojanovic Jovana , Raca Irena , Nikolic Danijela , Juskovic Marina
Published: October 2021

The arctic-alpine species, Woodsia alpina (Woodsiaceae), was recorded on the
Balkan Peninsula for the first time as a result of an intensive floristic
and phytocoenological investigation of the rocky habitats located on the
Stara Planina Mt. The record represents the first finding of this species
and the family Woodsiaceae in general for the flora of Serbia. This new
finding shifts the southern limit of its distribution in Southeastern Europe
significantly. Five small subpopulations, consisting of a few up to dozens
of specimens, were found above the forest belt, at an elevation range
between 1671 and 1718 m a.s.l. They inhabit fissures in what are almost
vertical rocks composed of Permian red sandstone with western exposition.
Woodsia alpina shows affinities to semi-shaded places, which are
moisturerich, slightly acidic and poor in nutrients. It grows alongside
mosses, other ferns (Asplenium septentrionale, A. trichomanes, Asplenium ?
alternifolium, Cystopteris fragilis) and flowering plants. According to the
results of the cluster analysis, the communities of W. alpina recorded in
Serbia are clearly distinguished from those of this species in other
European countries regarding their floristic composition. Hence, it is
necessary to clarify the syntaxonomical rank of this association within the
class Asplenietea trichomanis (Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934) Oberd. 1977
and the Androsacetalia vandellii order Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934 in
future research. Applying Huisman-Olff-Fresco models on a dataset from the
Balkans, it is revealed that W. alpina has narrow ecological valences
regarding elevation, exposition and 19 bioclimatic parameters. On the other
hand, according to the literature, it grows successfully in a wide range of
elevations in Europe, as a result of its affinity to colder climates and the
arctic-alpine type of distribution.
Risks of and From SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 in People With Diabetes: a Systematic Review of Reviews
Authors: Hartmann-Boyce Jamie , Rees Karen , Perring James C , Kerneis Sven A , Morris Elizabeth M. , Goyder Clare , Otunla Afolarin A. , James Olivia A , Syam Nandana R , Seidu Samuel , Khunti Kamlesh
Published: October 2021

Background

This
review was commissioned by the World Health Organization and presents a summary
of the latest research evidence on the impact of COVID-19 in people with diabetes
(PWD).

Purpose

To
review the evidence regarding the extent to which PWD are at increased risk of
SARS-CoV-2 infection, and/or of suffering its complications including
associated mortality.

Data sources

We
searched the Cochrane COVID-19 study register, Embase, MEDLINE, and LitCOVID on
3 December 2020.

Study selection

Systematic
reviews synthesising data on PWD exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection, reporting
data on confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, admission to hospital and/or to ICU
with COVID-19, death with COVID-19.

Data extraction

One
reviewer appraised and extracted data; data were checked by a second.

Data synthesis

Data
from 112 systematic reviews were narratively synthesised and displayed using
effect direction plots. Reviews provided consistent evidence that diabetes is a
risk factor for severe disease and death from COVID-19. There was less data
available on ICU admission, but where available this data also signalled
increased risk. Within PWD, higher blood glucose levels both prior to COVID-19
illness and during COVID-19 illness were associated with worse COVID-19
outcomes. Type 1 diabetes was associated with worse outcomes compared to type 2
diabetes. There was no appropriate data for discerning whether diabetes was a
risk factor for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Limitations

Due to
the nature of the review questions, the majority of data contributing to
included reviews come from retrospective observational studies. Reviews varied
in the extent to which they assessed risk of bias.

Conclusions

There
are no data on whether diabetes predisposes to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Data
consistently show that diabetes increases risk of severe COVID-19. As both
diabetes and worse COVID-19 outcomes are associated with socioeconomic
disadvantage, their intersection warrants particular attention.
Prediction of Personal Glycemic Responses to Food for Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes Through Integration of Clinical and Microbial Data
Authors: Shilo Smadar , Godneva Anastasia , Rachmiel Marianna , Korem Tal , Kolobkov Dmitry , Karady Tal , Bar Noam , Wolf Bat Chen , Glantz-Gashai Yitav , Cohen Michal , Levin Nehama Zuckerman , Shehadeh Naim , Gruber Noah , Levran Neriya , Koren Shlomit , Weinberger Adina , Pinhas-Hamiel Orit , Segal Eran
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE Despite
technological advances, results from various clinical trials repeatedly showed
that many individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not achieve their glycemic
goals. One of the major challenges in disease management is the administration
of an accurate amount of insulin for each meal which will match the expected
postprandial glycemic response (PPGR).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We
recruited individuals with T1D using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and
continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) devices simultaneously to a
prospective cohort and profiled them for 2 weeks. Participants were asked to report real-time dietary intake using a designated mobile app.
We measured their PPGRs and devised machine-learning
algorithms for PPGR prediction, which integrate glucose measurements, insulin
dosages, dietary habits, blood parameters, anthropometrics, exercise, and gut
microbiota. Data of the PPGR of 1,057 healthy individuals to 47,863 meals were
also integrated into the model. The performance of the models was evaluated
using 10-fold cross validation.

RESULTS 121
individuals with T1D, 75 adults and 46 children, were included in the study.
PPGR to 6,377 meals was measured. Our PPGR prediction model substantially
outperforms a baseline model emulating standard of care (correlation of R=0.59
compared to R=0.40 for predicted and observed PPGR respectively, p <10−10). The model was robust across different subpopulations. Feature
attribution analysis revealed that glucose levels at meal initiation, glucose
trend 30 minutes prior to meal, meal carbohydrate content and meal’s
carbohydrate/fat ratio were the most influential features to the model.

CONCLUSIONS Our
model enables a more accurate prediction of PPGR and therefore may allow a
better adjustment of the required insulin dosage for meals. It can be further
implemented in closed-loop systems and may lead to rationally designed
nutritional interventions personally tailored for individuals with T1D based on
meals with expected low glycemic response.
UHMWPE/Al2O3-HAp Hibrit Kompozitlerin Üretimi ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: EFE Gözde , YENER Tuba
Published: October 2021

Total Kalça Protezi, kalça ekleminin fonksiyonunu görmediği durumlarda kullanılan ve kalça ekleminin yerini alan, vücuda uyumlu malzemelerden yapılmış implantlardır. Kalça protezlerinde görülen en yaygın hasar, asetabular yuva ve liner parçalarında hareket sırasında zamanla meydana gelen aşınmadan kaynaklanmaktadır. Total kalça protezlerinde en yaygın kullanılan malzeme çifti metalik femur başı üzerine yüksek molekül ağırlıklı polietilen (UHMWPE) yuva ve linerdır. Mevcut çalışmada total kalça protez implantlarının yuva ve liner parçalarının sürtünme ve aşınma dayanımlarının arttırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla UHMWPE’e ağırlıkça % 1 , 2 ve 3 oranında biyouyumlu, doğal kemik ile benzer yapıda olan Hidroksiapatit (HAp) tozu ve biyouyumlu, aşınmaya karşı dayanıklı Al2O3 tozu ilave edilmiştir. Santrifüj metodu ile karıştırılan toz karışımları 20mm çapındaki silindirik bir kalıp içerisinde 200°C’ de 1 saat sıcak preslenmiştir. Numunelerin kırık yüzey SEM incelemeleri, takviye elemanlarının UHMWPE matris içerisinde homojen olarak dağıldığını göstermiştir. Takviye elemanlarının varlığı, SEM-EDS ve XRD analizi ile ispatlanmıştır. Kompozitlerin sertlik değerlerinin takviye elemanlarının ilavesi ile 40 MPa dan 66,6 MPa değerine arttığı gözlenmiştir. Kompozit numunelerin ergime sıcaklığının yaklaşık 140 °C olduğu DSC analizi ile belirlenmiştir.
Hybrid laser cleaning characteristic of marine barnacles fouling attached on Al alloys
Authors: Tian Ze , Feng Junhua , Chen Xi , Lei Zhenglong , Chen Yanbin
Published: October 2021

In previous papers, the nanosecond laser has been proven to be an effective tool for removing the settlement of soft-fouling microorganisms (biofilm, microbial film, and microbiofoulings). This work is a continued study on laser cleaning of marine biofouling. The authors attempt to develop a hybrid laser treatment method to control the hard-shelled barnacles attached to Al alloys. Morphologies of the laser-cleaned surfaces were evaluated by a digital camera, 3D optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, a high-speed camera and fiber optic spectrometer were used to capture the specific laser cleaning dynamic behaviors and characterize the chemical compositions of laser-induced plasma, respectively. The shell structures of the barnacles cannot be removed by a nanosecond fiber laser but continuous CO2 laser, while for the base plates of the barnacles the result is the opposite. Hence, a step-by-step CO2/nanosecond hybrid laser cleaning process is proposed to conquer the attached barnacles fouling. The cleaning strategy follows a top-down principle of the barnacles’ structures. In the first step, the CO2 laser is utilized to heat the external shell; thus, the upper parietal shell and the main body are entirely peeled off. In the second step, the nanosecond laser is employed to remove the lower remaining base plate, cement layer, and biofilm. Laser cleaning mechanisms of barnacles included heating, stripping, and ablation.
PENGARUH MODEL CORE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V GUGUS 02 KUTA UTARA
Authors: K.A. Kasmita  , I.M. Ardana  , I.M. Gunamantha
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Core terhadap hasil belajar matematika ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan faktorial 2×2. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas V sebanyak 233 orang siswa. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 76 orang siswa. Data kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar matematika dikumpulkan dengan tes. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis Anava AB berbantuan SPSS 17.00 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan implementasi Model CORE terhadap hasil belajar matematika 2) terdapat pengaruh interaksi yang signifikan Model CORE dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap hasil belajar matematika, 3) pada kelompok peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis tinggi, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan implementasi Model CORE terhadap hasil belajar matematika, dan 4) pada kelompok peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis rendah, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan implementasi Model CORE terhadap hasil belajar matematika.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN TES HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) MATEMATIKA SMA KELAS X
Authors: K.O. Litna  , N.M.S. Mertasari  , G. Sudirtha
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan instrument tes high order thinking skills (HOTS) matematika SMA kelas X. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembanganan instrumen dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah pengembangan yang dikemukakan oleh Mardapi, yang terdiri dari dua tahap yakni tahap perancangan (menyusun spesifikasi tes, menulis soal, dan menelaah soal) dan tahap uji coba (melakukan uji coba tes, menganalisis butir soal, dan merakit tes). Subjek ujicoba diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dari 25 butir tes yang diujicobakan terdapat 20 butir tes yang memenuhi standar kualitas tes HOTS. Semua butir tes yang diujicobakan dinyatakan valid. Reliabilitas tes sebesar 0,803 dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Tingkat kesukaran dengan kategori sedang sebanyak 14 butir tes dan 9 butir tes dengan kategori sukar. Berdasarkan analisis menggunakan item respon butir diperoleh siswa dengan kemampuan rendah mampu menjawab tes matematika berbasis HOTS dengan benar sebanyak 19,19%, siswa dengan kemampuan sedang mampu menjawab tes matematika berbasis HOTS dengan benar sebanyak 63,51%. Sedangkan siswa dengan kemampuan tinggi mampu menjawab tes matematika berbasis HOTS sebanyak 92,75%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa instrumen tes yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kategori instrumen tes HOTS yang berkualitas, sehingga instrumen tes yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan HOTS matematika siswa. Instrumen tes yang dihasilkan dapat dijadikan contoh bagi guru dalam membuat soal berbasis HOTS.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS PADA SISWA KELAS V SD
Authors: K.T. Marselina  , I.W. Lasmawan  , N. Dantes
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan tingkat validitas isi instrumen kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar IPS  pada siswa kelas V SDN 3 Kawan Bangli; 2) Untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan tingkat validitas emperik instrument kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar IPS  pada siswa kelas V SDN 3 Kawan Bangli; 3) Untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan tingkat reliabilitas instrument pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar IPS pada siswa kelas V SDN 3 Kawan Bangli. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian pengembangan, pengembangan yang dilakukan adalah pengembangan instrument kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar IPS. Tahap pengembangan yang digunakan adalah tahap pengembangan instrument tes oleh Djamari Mardapi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Content Validity Ratio (CVR) untuk validitas expert yang diuji expert sebanyak lima orang orang dosen untuk instrument kemampuan berpikir dan dua dosen tiga guru untuk instrument hasil belajar IPS, Korelasi Poin Biserial untuk validitas empiric, dan uji statistic KR20 untuk reliabilitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: 1) instrument kemampuan berpikir kritis, berdasarkan uji expert dikatagorikan valid dengan nilai CVR 1 dan 0,6 dan instrument hasil belajar IPS, berdasarkan uji expert dikatagorikan valid dengan nilai CVR 1; 2) validitas empiric instrument kemampuan berpikir kritis dinyatakan valid sesuai dengan analisis korelasi poin biserial yang ditunjukan dengan setiap butir memperoleh rhitung ≥ rtabel (0,3008 untuk signifikansi 5%) dan hasil validitas empiric instrument hasil belajar IPS juga dinyatakan valid sesuai dengan analisis korelasi poin biserial yang ditunjukan dengan setiap butir memperoleh rhitung ≥ rtabel (0,3008 untuk signifikansi 5%); 3) Hasil uji reliabilitas pada instrument kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar IPS diperoleh bahwa semua indikator memiliki nilai Corrected Item-Total Correlation lebih besar dari nilai R-tabel (0,3008) sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa soal tersebut reliabel.
ANALISIS KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA WARGANET PADA KOLOM KOMENTAR BERITA DI MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK
Authors: L.P.F. Yanti  , I.N. Suandi  , I.N. Sudiana
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) prinsip kesantunan berbahasa warganet pada kolom komentar di media sosial facebook, (2) pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan berbahasa warganet pada kolom komentar di media sosial facebook. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah tuturan komentar warganet dalam kolom komentar. Subjek penelitian didapatkan melalui media sosial facebook. Sedangkan, objek dalam penelitian ini yaitu kesantunan berbahasa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah kartu data. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur analisis data kualitatif berdasarkan model interaktif Miles yang secara umum mencakup tiga tahap yaitu (1) reduksi data, (2) penyajian data, (3) penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini (1) ditemukan prinsip kesantunan berbahasa dalam kolom komentar berita di media Facebook. Prinsip atau bentuk kesantunan yang ditemui dalam beberapa kolom komentar berita di media Facebook terprinsip dalam data tuturan yang mengandung maksim kebijaksanaan, maksim pujian, maksim kesimpatian, maksim kerendahan hati, maksim kemurahan atau maksim kedermawanan. (2) Selain itu terdapat pelanggaran atau penyimpangan terhadap prinsip kesantunan berbahasa yaitu berupa pelanggaran terhadap maksim kebijaksanaan, pelanggaran terhadap maksim pujian, pelanggaran terhadap maksim kesimpatian dan pelanggaran terhadap maksim kerendahan hati. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah hasil analisis kesantunan berbahasa warganet dalam beberapa kolom komentar berita di media sosial facebook yang telah dipaparkan, ditemukan 8 data yang menunjukan adanya prinsip pematuhan pada prinsip kesantunan yaitu terdapat 2 maksim kebijaksanaan, 2 maksim pujian, 1 maksim kerendahan hati, 2 maksim kesimpatian dan 1 maksim kemurahan. Pelanggaran pada prinsip kesantunan juga banyak ditemukan dalam komentar warganet pada kolom komentar media sosial facebook dengan jumlah data yang penulis analisis yaitu 5 data, dengan rincian data sebagai berikut. Terdapat 2 data pelanggaran maksim kebijaksanaan, 1 pelanggaran maksim kesimpatian, 1 pelanggaran maksim pujian dan 1 data pelanggaran maksim kerendahan hati.
PENGARUH TEKNIK KLARIFIKASI NILAI (TKN) TERHADAP KECERDASAN SOSIAL DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA TEMA PERISTIWA DALAM KEHIDUPAN KELAS V SD NEGERI GUGUS LETDA MADE PUTRA KECAMATAN DENPASAR UTARA TAHUN 2019/2020
Authors: Ni Putu Yuniari  , I Wayan Lasmawan  , Ida Bagus Putu Arnyana
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh implementasi teknik klarifikasi nilai (TKN) dalam pembelajaran PKn baik secara simultan dan terpisah terhadap kecerdasan dan hasil belajar peserta  didik kelas V sekolah dasar (SD) Gugus Letda Made Putra. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas V SD di Gugus Letda Made Putra Denpasar Utara Tahun ajaran 2019/2020 yang terdiri dari 409 siswa. Dari jumlah itu, dipilih 120 siswa dengan teknik sampel acak. Data kecerdasan sosial dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner skala Likert dan data hasil belajar dikumpulkan dengan tes isian singkat. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan formula MANAVA pada taraf kesalahan 5% dengan bantuan SPSS. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa 1) terdapat pengaruh signifikan Teknik Klarifikasi Nilai (TKN) terhadap kecerdasan sosial dengan probabilitas sebesar 0,00, 2) terdapat pengaruh signifikan Teknik Klarifikasi Nilai (TKN) terhadap hasil belajar dengan probabilitas sebesar 0,00 dan 3) terdapat pengaruh signifikan Teknik Klarifikasi Nilai (TKN) terhadap kecerdasan sosial dan hasil belajar secara simultan dengan nilai probabilitas sebesar 0,00. Dari hasil ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa TKN secara simultan dan terpisah berpengaruh terhadap kecerdasan dan hasil belajar  siswa. Temuan ini berimplikasi pada penerapan teknik klarifikasi nilai dalam pelajaran PKn sebagai upaya memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kecerdasan sosial dan hasil belajar siswa khususnya pada tema “peristiwa dalam kehidupan’. Saran penelitian ini adalah perlunya evaluasi materi pelajaran PKn yang dapat dibelajarkan dengan teknik klarifikasi nilai dan guru harus demokratis ketika siswa memilih karakter yang disukai.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA KELAS V SD GUGUS IV KECAMATAN GEROKGAK
Authors: Gusti Ngurah Arya Surya Wangsa  , Nyoman Dantes  , I Wayan Suastra
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan validitas intrumen kemampuan berpikir kritis dan instrumen hasil belajar IPA pada mata pelajaran IPA SD. (2) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan reliabilitas intrumen kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar IPA SD pada mata pelajaran IPA SD. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dan model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4-D yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan (1974). Pengembangannya terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu  define, design, develop dan disseminate. Namun pada penelitian ini hanya terbatas sampai tahap develop. Dengan alasan, demi menjaga kesehatan bersama menghindari  pandemi virus Covid-19 yang telah menyebar ke seluruh dunia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Instrumen kemampuan berpikir kritis yang dikembangkan memenuhi syarat validitas isi dengan nilai  1.00 berada pada kategori sangat baik dan sangat layak digunakan. (2)  Instrumen hasil belajar IPA yang dikembangkan memenuhi syarat validitas konten dengan nilai 0,75 yang dinyatakan valid sehingga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. (3) Instrumen berpikir kritis yang dikembangkan memenuhi syarat reliabilitas ekpres dengan nilai 0,92 dengan kategori sangat tinggi sehingga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. (4) Instrumen hasil belajar IPA yang dikembangkan memenuhi syarat reliabilitas ekpres dengan nilai 0,94 dengan kategori sangat tinggi sehingga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS ANDROID PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA POKOK BAHASAN PERKEMBANGBIAKAN HEWAN UNTUK SISWA KELAS VI SD
Authors: H. P.S. Muttaqin  , Sariyasa  , N.K. Suarni
Published: October 2021

The aim of this research was to obtain a valid and practical android-based interactive learning media for science subjects on animal reproduction for sixth grade elementary school students. This research was a development research which was carried out by using the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model in five steps, namely: (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development, (4) implementation, and (5) evaluation. The implementation step was not carried out in this research. The subject of this research are expert of subject content and instructional media, teacher, as well as a sixth grade elementary school student. The data collection method used was questionnaire method by providing assessment sheet to 2 lecturers as expert of subject content and instructional media and 3 teachers as the user (practitioner), and 10 students in a small-group trial which aims to obtain data on the level of validity and practicality of the media. The instrument used to measure the level of validity and practicality of android-based interactive learning media was rating scale of media assessment sheet by the material experts, media experts, and students. The obtained data then analyzed by using a mean formula to determine the average score validity and practicality of learning media as a result of development. The results of data analysis on android-based interactive learning media obtained an average validation score by expert of subject content was 4.8 from a maximum score of 5 with "Very Good" category, then expert of instructional media obtained an average score of 4.8 from a maximum score of 5 with "Very Good" category. Furthermore, the score on the small-group trial obtained an average of 4.5 from a maximum score of 5 which is in the "Very Good" category. Thus the validation results from material experts, media experts, and small-scale trials state that the android-based learning media development product is valid and practical. The results of this study provide insight to the Education study program that the use of technology that follows the times will have a positive impact in the field of education.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA GAME EDUKASI BERBASIS ANDROID PADA TOPIK BILANGAN BULAT KELAS VI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Karseno  , Sariyasa  , I.G. Astawan
Published: October 2021

Online learning during this pandemic has an impact on students' low mathematics learning outcomes caused by the difficulty of teachers in explaining the material and the lack of learning media. This development research aimed to develop a valid and practical educational game media Android-based on the integers topic for grade VI Elementary School. This research was carried out using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The educational game entitled “Ayo Selamatkan Bumi”. This game contained math subject on the topic of integers. The data collection method used a questionnaire involving experts, teachers, and students. The validity test of educational games was conducted by two material experts, two learning media experts, and two practitioners. A limited trial was conducted online at 9 grade VI students of SD Negeri 2 Banjar Anyar to determine the practicality of the educational game. The results of the validity test and limited trial were analyzed using the mean formula to determine the average score. The results showed that the material expert score was 4.85 and media expert score was 4.88 which means superfine. As for practicality, the score was 4.5 with superfine criteria. It can be concluded that this educational game can be used as a mathematics learning media on the integers topic for grade VI students of Elementary School.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA KARTU DOMINO PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA DENGAN TOPIK HEWAN DAN TUMBUHAN DI LINGKUNGAN RUMAHKU UNTUK SISWA KELAS IV SD
Authors: N.L.G. Wiratni  , I.M. Ardana  , I.P.B. Mardana
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine: (1) the validity of the results of developing domino card media (2) for the practicality of using domino card media, and (3) for the effectiveness of domino card media in improving student learning outcomes. This type of research is development research using the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation). The data collection methods used in this study were interviews, questionnaires, tests, and document recording. The data collection instruments in this study were data validity was collected by questionnaire, practicality data was collected by questionnaire and effectiveness data was collected by learning outcomes test.The results showed that domino card media was declared valid by subject content experts with very good criteria (92%), learning media experts with very good criteria ( 90%), small group trials with very good criteria (92%), and field trials with very good criteria (93%). The practicality of domino card media obtained from the average teacher response score of 4.53 with very high and the average score of student responses is 4.56 with a very high category.The results of the effectiveness test shows the average pretest value of 53.52 < the average posttest result of 83.69 and it can be said that the domino card media is effective.
Inside the Critics' Circle
Authors: Chong Phillipa K.
Published: October 2021

Taking readers behind the scenes in the world of fiction reviewing, this book explores the ways that critics evaluate books despite the inherent subjectivity involved, and the uncertainties of reviewing when seemingly anyone can be a reviewer. The book delves into the complexities of the review-writing process, including the considerations, values, and cultural and personal anxieties that shape what critics do. It explores how critics are paired with review assignments, why they accept these time-consuming projects, how they view their own qualifications for reviewing certain books, and the criteria they employ when making literary judgments. The book discovers that while their readers are of concern to reviewers, they are especially worried about authors on the receiving end of reviews. As these are most likely peers who will be returning similar favors in the future, critics' fears and frustrations factor into their willingness or reluctance to write negative reviews. At a time when traditional review opportunities are dwindling while other forms of reviewing thrive, book reviewing as a professional practice is being brought into question. This book offers readers a revealing look into critics' responses to these massive transitions and how, through their efforts, literary values get made.
The Childhood Betrayal and Hope Regained in Stephen King’s The Institute
Authors: P M Anas , Manju Dr. A.J
Published: October 2021

Childhood is a time worth remembering in everyone’s life. We all cherish the beautiful memories and fun we had in our childhood once we’re old. We never know the real value of a moment until it becomes a memory. Even now we are happy to go back to those places where we have spent our childhood. Thinking about it fills our heart with nostalgic feelings. But have you ever thought about children who never had such a beautiful childhood as yours? This novel takes us to those children who are being kidnapped from their parents and sent into a frightening government facility called ‘The Institute’ for gifted children! The Institute (2019) is a science fiction horror novel written by Stephen King. It is one of his terrifying novels yet. Many of his works are transformed into movies and television series.

The main focus of this novel is on the childhood betrayal done by the authorities running the Institute, and the survival of the children. The story is written by taking the ideas of a fictional child abusing institution where gifted children from all over the country are taken in and they are being forced to undergo dreadful medical experiments. Most of the children have super powers of Telepathy or Telekinesis. The officials running the Institute want the children to get control over their powers and to master them, so that they can be used in wars. They can be used as weapons against terrorists, and as mind readers. The doctors don’t treat them like humans. To them they are merely test subjects. The government kills any test subjects it can’t control because only then it can keep the country safe. There is no hope of escape for the children, yet they are all finally escaped by the brave efforts of Luke Ellis, the main character in the novel and his friends.
La representación LGTBIQ+ en la serie infantil Steven Universe
Authors: Godoy Marina , García-Muñoz Núria
Published: October 2021

Este artículo presenta los principales resultados de un estudio sobre la representación de personajes del colectivo LGTBIQ+ en la serie de animación infantil Steven Universe, creada por Rebecca Sugar y distribuida por Cartoon Network Studio. La ficción ha sido y sigue siendo el género de entretenimiento más valioso para los mercados y también para las audiencias. Por ello el estudio de los personajes ficcionales es esencial para conocer los roles representados sobre comunidades concretas. A través de un estudio de los personajes de la serie analizaremos si las ficciones seriadas infantiles actuales refuerzan el discurso cisheteropatriarcal o si, por el contrario, existen alternativas mediante las cuales se representan otras realidades, con una mirada más inclusiva en la que las perspectivas de género y LGTBIQ+ se integren en la narración.