bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nano-curcumin in the decrease of proteinuria in white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with preeclampsia
Authors: Subandi  , Sahara Aulia Ilma , Nurdiana
Published: April 2024

HIGHLIGHTS

The size of curcumin was modified to nano scale in order to enhance its bioavailability and facilitate its absorption in the body.
As a herbal medicine, nano-curcumin has the ability to reduce proteinuria and serve as a preventive measure against preeclampsia.

 
ABSTRACT
Objective: Since preeclampsia is one of the most serious hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, as it occurs in 5-7% of all pregnancies, and causes around 70,000 maternal deaths and 500,000 fetal deaths worldwide each year, this study aimed to determine the effect of nano-curcumin on proteinuria in pregnant white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with preeclampsia.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 24 white rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly selected and divided into six groups. Inclusion criteria included healthy rats aged 8 weeks or older, with normal blood pressure and weight, while exclusion criteria included sick, deceased, or prematurely birthing rats, and those with high blood pressure. Treatment, administered over six days from gestational days 13-18, involved L-NAME and nano-curcumin injections. Groups included K- (no treatment) and K+, P1, P2, P3, and P4 (treated with L-NAME and varying nano-curcumin doses). Blood pressure and proteinuria were evaluated on gestation days 12, 15, and 19 to confirm the preeclampsia model and assess nano-curcumin's effect on proteinuria. Urine collected over 24 hours in metabolic cages preceded rat termination. Data analysis utilized IBM SPSS version 23, including the Shapiro-Wilk test, parametric independent sample t-tests, One-Way ANOVA tests, and LSD post-hoc tests to identify group differences.  
Results: The results of this study showed that nano-curcumin had the effect of reducing proteinuria in white rats with preeclampsia. The significant results of the One-Way Anova test was p=0.001 <0.05 and the LSD post-hoc test revealed that an effective dose was 25 mg/ml. It was found that higher nano-curcumin dose had a higher average of proteinuria.
Conclusion: Nano-curcumin can affect proteinuria in preeclampsia. The most effective dose is 25 mg/ml.
The Structural Relationship of Digital Literacy, Presence, Flow, and Learning Satisfaction in Synchronous Online Classes at Colleges
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, SONG Yun-Hee
Published: April 2024

In the context of the recent expansion of 100% online classes in colleges, there has been a notable surge in interest and utilization of synchronous online classes. Consequently, this study aims to enhance learning satisfaction in synchronous online classes by investigating the structural relationships among pertinent variables, namely digital literacy, presence, and flow. The study involved 301 university students who actively participated in synchronous online classes at both B University in Daejeon and K University in Chungcheong-do. The collected data underwent thorough analysis using structural equation modeling. The study found that digital literacy, presence, and flow were predictors of learning satisfaction in synchronous online classes. Digital literacy had a positive impact on teaching presence and learning presence. Teaching presence only affected cognitive presence among learning presence, and cognitive presence positively affected flow and learning satisfaction. Emotional presence had a positive effect on flow and flow had a positive effect on learning satisfaction. Furthermore, cognitive presence, emotional presence, and flow were validated as mediators. These results suggest that digital literacy, presence, and flow should be enhanced to improve learning satisfaction in synchronous online classes.
A Narrative Study on the Cultural Diversity Experience of Youth Companions
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, KIM Mi-Suk , LIM Eun-Mi
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to understand the cultural diversity experiences of youth companions. To this end, personal in-depth interviews were conducted with three study participants with more than 5 years of experience while serving as a youth companions, and the results were analyzed in a narrative way. The data collection period was from January to April 2023. As a result of the study, the cultural diversity experience of the participants consisted of three domains: the youth companion's own cultural diversity experience, discovery of the cultural characteristics of at-risk youth, and response to cultural diversity in youth counseling practice. It was found that these cultural diversity experiences of the study participants were integrated into forming an identity as a 'companions of adolescents who understand, care for, and grow cultural diversity of themselves and adolescents'. The results of this study suggest that understanding and reflection on youth companions' own cultural diversity experiences can be positively integrated into understanding and advocating the problems of crisis youth in terms of cultural diversity.
Layered random fault injection method for the air braking system based on multiple Markov chains
Authors: Chen Zhiwen , Fan Jingke , Peng Lijuan , Luo Hao , Cheng Chao , Chen Zhiyong
Published: April 2024

The air braking system is crucial for the safe operation of high-speed trains but is susceptible to faults from harsh environments and prolonged use. However, faulty data in practice are still rare because of the "safety oriented principle". For this purpose, fault injection is regularly employed. Due to the stochastic nature of faults in the system, random fault injection can more realistically simulate faulty scenarios compared to the deterministic fault injection. The traditional method entails analyzing a significant amount of raw data to extract the fault distribution function, followed by random sampling. However, the obstacles lie in the scarcity of raw fault data and the labor-intensive nature of constructing the fault distribution function. This paper proposes a layered random fault injection method based on multiple Markov chains. First, a multi-layer structured fault model base is established for the system, followed by the implementation of layered fault injection. Then, the random fault types and degrees are realized using Markov chains, in which the fault probability function is determined by the state transition matrix. Subsequently, a low-complexity Alias sampling algorithm is proposed for discrete random sampling. The nominal model is transformed into a corresponding fault model based on the sampling outcomes, facilitating the acquisition of fault data. Finally, a graphical user interface is developed to present and visualize the validation results.
Status Hara N, P dan K serta Produktivitas Tanaman Karet Pada Dua Tapak Lahan Berbeda
Authors: Wahyudi Muhammad , Syaifuddin Syaifuddin , Fachruzi Ismed
Published: April 2024

Rubber plant productivity is often hampered because the availability of nutrients in the soil is not sufficient for plant needs. Some rubber productivity results in Karang Intan Village only reach 1,500-2,000 kg.ha-1.th-1 and some reach 2,000-3,000 kg.ha-1.th-1. Generally, the maximum yield of superior latex clones reaches 2,500-3,000 kg.ha-1.th-1. Given this background, it is necessary to conduct this research with the aim of knowing the status of  N, P and K nutrients at location A (low productivity) and location B (high productivity). This research was carried out from July to September 2021. Sampling used in this research was purposive sampling method, sampling was conductedin Karang Intan Village, Kuranji District, analyzed of soil sample was at the Soil Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, after that the data obtained from the results of the analysis categorized the level of fertility. The results showed that the Total-N, Total-P, Available-P, Total-K, Available-K in Locations A and B were not significant (Ortogonal Contrast Anova) so that these nutrients could not be used as factors that caused differences in rubber plant productivity. Ammonium and nitrate in Location B is higher than Location A, the difference in these values ​​is a factor that causes differences in the productivity of rubber plants in Karang Itan Village, Kuranji District.
Sifat Kimia Tanah Bergambut dan Tanah Mineral Masam di Bawah Naungan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Robiansyah Robiansyah , Kurnain Ahmad , Ratna Ratna
Published: April 2024

An understanding of land suitability or management such as on peat and mineral soils in oil palm plantation areas is also very necessary as a basis for determining technical cultural actions to be taken in order to ensure the sustainability of the productivity of a land. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the chemical properties of peat soils in Margasari Village, Candi Laras Utara District, Tapin Regency and mineral soils in Martadah Baru Village, Tambangulang District, Tanah Laut Regency under the auspices of oil palm plantations. The method used in this study was a quantitative descriptive method. The sampling point was determined by purposive sampling by showing the existing canopy in the field. Soil sampling in the field at a depth of 0-30 cm for each type of soil. This research plan is intended to describe soil pH, organic-C, total-N, and available-P. In general peat soils had quite high C-organic content values ​​compared to mineral soils. Changes in organic C affected the properties of the soil. The organic C content in all research locations was categorized as very low to medium, the soil pH is acidic, the total N content was moderate and the available P content was categorized as very low.
Pengaruh Pemberian Biourin Sapi dan Lama Inkubasi Terhadap Ketersediaan Hara Nitrogen dan Fosfor pada Tanah Podsolik
Authors: Rahma Nadya Nabila , Haris Abdul , Hadi Abdul
Published: April 2024

Podzolic soil is characterized by acidic condition, low base saturation, and low CEC and nutrient contents. The use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture may damages soil and environment and may eventually affect the health of humans. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of cow urine on changes in pH, available N (NH4+ and NO3-), and available P of Podsolic soil. This study employed the completely randomized design two factors, in which first factor was the amounts of applied cow biourine: control (without biourine, 5.2, 10.4 and 15.6 mL of biourine), while the second factor was the incubation period: 2 and 4 weeks. Following the completion of each incubation period, soil pH, contents of ammonium, nitrate, and available phosphrous were determined for each treatment. Results of this study showed that the application of cow biourine with an incubation time of two and four weeks significantly influenced the ammonium and nitrate contents in soil. The higher amount of biourine applied, the higher ammonium and nitrate contents in the soil. The research results also showed that the application of cow biourine had an influence on available P content, but had no effect on changes in soil pH.
Pengaruh Tinggi Muka Air Tanah Gambut terhadap Evolusi Gas CO2
Authors: Wiyatno Sigit Aji , Hadi Abdul , Mariana Zuraida Titin
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of the groundwater level on the evolution of CO2 in peat soils if the groundwater table is lowered from a depth of 40 cm (PP No. 57 of 2016 concerning protection and management of peat ecosystems) to a depth of 60 cm. This study was conducted in a greenhouse and Laboratory of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Department of Soil, Agriculture Faculty, ULM. This study was began in October 2021 and continued until February 2022. The research method used was a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. The factors tested were the water table of the peat at a depth of 0 cm just above the soil surface (T1), 20 cm below the soil surface (T2), 40 cm below the soil surface (T3), and 60 cm below the soil surface (T4). The results of this study showed that the CO2 evolution of peat soil during incubation for 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days at a depth of 20 cm was not significantly different from a depth of 40 cm and 60 cm, but significantly different when the groundwater level was right at the surface soil. The CO2 evolution of peat soils at groundwater levels at the soil surface was lower than water levels 20, 40, and 60 cm below the ground.
Ketersediaan Nitrogen pada Ultisol dengan Aplikasi Kotoran Walet dan Arang Kayu
Authors: Wulansari Nur Indah , Saidy Akhmad Rizalli , Priatmadi Bambang Joko
Published: April 2024

The application of organic matter with a high nitrogen (N) content in combination with the application of wood charcoal is a common soil fertility management practice in Ultisols. This study aims to determine the availability of N in Ultisols, which are applied to swallow droppings and wood charcoal. The experimental design used was a two-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with the first factor being swallow droppings (0.5 and 10 t ha−1) and the second factor being wood charcoal (0, 10, and 20 t ha−1), with as many as three repetitions. As much as 200 g of soil was put into the incubation site, then swallow droppings and wood charcoal were added according to the treatment, stirred until evenly distributed, and then incubated at 70% field capacity for 14 days. The contents of NH4+, NO3-, and pH were observed at the end of the incubation period. The results showed that the application of swallow droppings and wood charcoal increased the content of NH4+, NO3-, and mineral N but lowered soil pH. The best treatment was given to swallow manure at 10 t ha-1 which increased mineral N by 59%, and a combination of swallow manure 10 t ha-1+10 t ha-1 wood charcoal which increased nitrate content by 1,666%. The results of this study indicate that the application of swallow droppings combined with wood charcoal can increase the availability of N in Ultisols.
Pengaruh Abu Janjang Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Kompos Eceng Gondok terhadap Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah Lahan Pasang Surut
Authors: Syifa Syifa , Septiana Meldia , Fachruzi Ismed
Published: April 2024

Marshes that are affected either directly or indirectly by the ebb and flow of seawater are known as tidal wetlands. The lack of soil nutrients like low pH, N, P, and K, as well as the high solubility of Al and Fe, which can poison plants, is the problem with tidal wetlands. The goal of the study was. to find out how the application of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) ash and water hyacinth compost changed the pH, organic C, N, P, and K levels of the soil in tidal wetlands. The randomized complete design (CRD) method was used in this pot experiment, with two factors: 1) four applications of oil palm EFB ash, and 2) four applications of water hyacinth compost. Oil palm EFB ash had doses of 0 ton.ha-1, 1 ton.ha-1, 1.5 ton.ha-1, and 2 ton.ha-1, while water hyacinth compost had doses of 0 ton.ha-1, 2 ton.ha-1, 3 ton.ha-1, and 4 ton.ha-1, respectively. 32 experimental units were created when 16 treatment combinations were replicated twice. After four weeks of incubation, the soil was submerged in water to a height of 5 cm. The application of oil palm EFB ash and compost made from water hyacinths had significant effects on pH, N-NO3ˉ, available P, and K, but not organic C or N-NH4+. The findings suggest that the application of water hyacinth compost and oil palm EFB ash can raise the pH, organic C, and levels of N, P, K in the soil.
Pemberian Biochar Arang Kayu dan Tandan Kosong Sawit terhadap Gas N2O pada Tanah Gambut yang Ditumbuhi Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Astanti Anita Dewi , Hadi Abdul , Ifansyah Hairil
Published: April 2024

Peatlands are developed for agricultural cultivation, such as oil palm. The agricultural sector contributes 13.5% of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Emissions from this sector are generally in the form of N2O 46%, CH4 45%, and CO2 9%. Recently, the focus on the development of peatlands for this activity has been so great, especially in relation to emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O). The potential for peatland to be used as agricultural land must pay attention to environmental aspects such as the level of N2O emissions. This study aims to determine the effect of wood activated to empty palm oil fruit bunches on N2O emissions from peatlands oil palm. This study used an allocation block design. The factors studied were the distribution of wood charcoal and empty palm oil bunches at 6 levels, namely: wood charcoal + 0 kg of empty palm fruit bunches; wood charcoal 0.75 kg + 0.75 kg of empty palm fruit bunches, and 0.375 empty palm fruit bunches+0.375 kg of wood charcoal; empty palm fruit bunch charcoal 1.5 kg+wood charcoal 1.5 kg. N2O gas was analyzed using the closed chamber method and the soil was analyzed for soil pH and field water capacity. The treatment was repeated 3 times, resulting in 18 experimental units. The results showed that on day 0, the application of wood charcoal and empty palm oil bunches did not affect N2O emissions, but on the 15 and 45 days. The results showed that the treatment affected N2O emissions.
THE EFFECT OF KASTURI (Mangifera Casturi) BARK EXTRACTS AT CONCENTRATION OF 12.7% ON THE NUMBER OF MACROPHAGES AFTER TOOTH EXTRACTION
Authors: Rosdayatri Nadhira Agnia , Aspriyanto Didit , Taufiqurrahman Irham
Published: April 2024

Background: Tooth extraction is a surgical procedure to take part of the tooth that exposes the bone and soft tissues of the oral cavity. The wound will occur in the soft tissue, and hard tissue around the extraction area after the tooth extraction. Wound healing after tooth extraction begins with the inflammatory phase, in which the movement of leukocytes occurs, such as neutrophil cells. If the wound is chronic, it will be replaced by macrophages. Macrophages are the dominant cells in chronic inflammation and have a role in phagocytizing bacteria and clean damaged tissue. However, if the disturbance occurs during the wound-healing phase, it can cause bleeding, swelling, and infection, so that a safe alternative medicine is required, which is from an herbal plant of Kasturi bark extracts at a concentration of 12.7%. Objective: To prove the effect of the administration of Kasturi (Mangifera casturi) bark extracts at a concentration of 12.7% applied topically to the number of macrophage cells in the tooth extraction wound of Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus). Methods: This study was an Experimental Laboratories research with Post Test with Control Group Design. This study was performed on 24 Wistar rats that had been adapted ±2 weeks with a simple random sampling technique. The calculation of macrophage cells was conducted through direct observation with a light microscope and 3 visual fields. Results: The results of the study showed that Kasturi bark extracts had more effect on the number of macrophage cells than control groups. The results of One Way ANOVA showed that there is a significant relationship between each group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Kasturi bark extracts at a concentration of 12.7% can help the number of macrophage cells increase on the 3rd day and decrease on the 5th day after tooth extraction of Wistar rats. Keywords: Kasturi Bark Extract, Macrophage, Tooth Extraction.
MANAGEMENT OF COATED TONGUE RESEMBLES PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS CANDIDIASIS IN A MULTIDRUG-THERAPY PATIENT
Authors: Santoso Astrid Widhowaty , T. Santo Agustin Ninintowe , Setiadhi Riani
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Coated tongue or tongue coating is characterized by white deposit covering dorsum of the tongue. The thick-coated tongue almost resembles oral candidiasis. It is challenging to make the diagnosis and provide the proper treatment especially when supporting examination tools are unavailable. Objective: To discuss the diagnosis making and management of coated tongue with suspicion of pseudomembranous candidiasis with a lack of supporting examination tools. Case(s): A 61-year-old man was referred to the Oral Medicine Clinic for oral examination. No complaints of  pain in the oral cavity. He had a history of type-2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease (CHD), and pleuritis and was taking medication. During hospitalization, never cleaned his oral cavity. Case Management: Intraorally, white plaque covering almost the entire dorsum of the tongue, which could be scraped off on the anterior 1/3 but not on the posterior 2/3. The diagnosis was suspected coated tongue with oral candidiasis as the differential diagnosis. The treatments were compressing the tongue using gauze soaked in 3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution, scrapping off using a tongue scraper, then rinsing with water. The thick-coated tongue can be easily removed. He was also given 0,2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) mouthwash as an antiseptic and petroleum jelly for dry lips. The tongue condition improved on 2nd day therapy after rinsing regularly using 0,2% CHX. Conclusion: Recognizing the signs, symptoms, and associated factors of Candida infection is important. Coated tongue which resembles pseudomembranous candidiasis was successfully treated using 3% H2O2 compresses, tongue scraping, and 0.2% CHX mouthwash. Keywords: Chlorhexidine gluconate, Coated tongue, Hydrogen peroxide, Infection, Oral candidiasis
PROPOLIS EXTRACT AS ANTI-CORROSIVE AGENT INHIBITS METAL IONIC RELEASE FROM ORTHODONTIC BRACKETS
Authors: Aditya Grahita , Wardhana Erdianto Setya , Hutami Islamy Rahma , Christiono Sandy , Pratiwi Rosa
Published: April 2024

Background: A combination of nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and iron (Fe) can be found in the stainless steel orthodontic bracket. Ion release takes place as a result of the chemical interaction between metals and the oral environment, which leads to the potential of hypersensitivity during fixed orthodontic treatment. Propolis contains phytochemicals that have the ability to reduce corrosion, making it a potential treatment option. Purpose: to determine the release of Ni, Cr, and Fe in metal brackets in an 8.2% propolis solutionMethod: Four sets of six brackets were made from 24 brackets. Artificial saliva, sodium fluoride, sterilized distilled water (aquabidest), and 8.2% propolis were applied to these brackets. After incubating at 37°C for seven days, ICP EOS measured the metal ions Ni, Cr, and Fe. The analysis revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in ionic release of Ni, Cr, and Fe among groups exposed to sterilized distilled water (aquabidest) and an 8.2% propolis solution. Additionally, the Mann-Whitney test showed substantial Ni ion release differences (p<0.05) between 8.2% propolis solution and sterilized distilled water. The 8.2% propolis solution and sodium fluoride solution released Cr ions differently. Fe ion levels differed between propolis solution 8.2%, sodium fluoride solution, sterilized distilled water, and fake saliva. Conclusion:  Propolis affects metal bracket ionic release of Ni, Cr, and Fe. Keywords : Cr and Fe, ions of Ni, propolis solution, Stainless steel bracket
PROSTHODONTIC TREATMENT IN THE ELDERLY, WHAT DENTISTS KNOW
Authors: Gabriella Gabriella , Hanin Isya
Published: April 2024

Background: Tooth loss is most experienced by the elderly population. The number of elderly people is increasing in Indonesia in direct proportion to the increase in cases of tooth loss. Tooth loss can be treated with prosthodontic treatment performed by dentists, so dentists need to have sufficient knowledge and skills. Objectives: To get an overview of the knowledge of dentists who graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University in 2017-2019 regarding prosthodontic treatment in the elderly. Methods: This study uses a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional type. The measuring tool uses a questionnaire via google form containing 25 questions adopted from foreign journals with similar research that was tested for validity and reliability. After being tested, 21 valid and reliable questions were filled by 89 respondents. Data collection is carried out online and the data is presented in the form of a frequency distribution. Results: The highest average score (mean) obtained was 41, while the lowest average score (mean) obtained was 29. The average score (mean) that most respondents obtained was 39 with the average value (mean) of respondents 92.86%. Conclusion: The average score (mean) obtained is 37.12 with a maximum score of 42. The average value (mean) of respondents is 88.38%. Dentist's knowledge of prosthodontic treatment in the elderly is good. Keywords: Dentist, Elderly, Knowledge, Prosthodontics
EXPRESSION OF CALRETININ IN AMELOBLASTOMA AND ODONTOGENIC CYST IN A.W. SJAHRANIE GENERAL HOSPITAL SAMARINDA
Authors: Pramasari Cristiani Nadya , Irawiraman Hadi , Sawitri Endang , Muthi’ah Nisa , Sulistiani Dewi Arsih , Prinadira Sarah
Published: April 2024

Background : Ameloblastoma and odontogenic cysts have similar clinical and radiographic features but different treatments. Diagnosis is established by histologic features, but sometimes this step have difficulty making appropriate assessment because epithelial cells can show various variations. Preoperative misdiagnosis may result in inefficient treatment. In such situations, immunohistochemistry (IHC) with the use of proper markers might be needed for the differentiation of these lesions. Purpose : This study aimed to assess calretinin expression in ameloblastoma and various odontogenic cysts so that calretinin can be used as a specific diagnostic marker for ameloblastoma. Method : This was a retrospective analytical study of immunohistochemical examination of calretinin expression in ameloblastoma and odontogenic cysts. A total of eighty cases, in which thirty four cases of ameloblastoma and forty six cases of odontogenic cysts were included in the study. Slides were made from the paraffin blocks of each case and were stained immunohistochemically with calretinin. Results : In ameloblastoma, almost all subjects expressed calretinin, i.e. 33 (97.1%), followed by radicular cyst 7 (46.7%), odontogenic cyst 2 (40.0%), then dentigerous cyst 6 (26.1%) and OKC 0 (0.0%). The results of the analysis of the Chi-Square test showed a significant difference with a p-value < 0.001. Conclusion : The study concluded that calretinin was mainly expressed in ameloblastoma, whereas majority of  odontogenic cyst groups showed negative for calretinin in various percentages. Calretinin may be a specific immunohistochemical marker for ameloblastoma. Keywords : Ameloblastoma, Calretinin, Immunohistochemical, Odontogenic cyst, Odontogenic tumor
Ring-1 yang Tak Berdaya: Realitas Program CSR PT. Balangan Coal di Desa Tawahan Kabupaten Balangan
Authors: Rajidin  , Hamid Ismar
Published: April 2024

Tawahan Village is the Ring 1 Village of PT Balangan Coal, so it is directly affected by mining activities, both social and environmental impacts. This research aims to analyse the reality of the programme implemented by PT Balangan Coal's CSR. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study research type. The research was carried out in February-April 2023, in Tawahan Village, Juai District, Balangan Regency. Data collection techniques using observation, indepth interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the community empowerment program by CSR PT. Balangan Coal does not suitable with the characteristics and needs of the community. The programs implemented ignore efforts to protect the interests of the community to develop or become empowered. The positive impact of CSR Program by PT. Balangan Coal is not really felt by the community, while the negative impact of the company's activities continues to be felt by the community, such as dust, blasting vibrations, noise, and to damage community agricultural plants. Before the existence of coal mining companies, the livelihood of the Tawahan Village community depended on nature. The village government and the community hope that in the future there will be deliberations in determining the programme to suit the needs and characteristics of the community, because so far the village government and the community have not been included in determining the CSR programme to be implemented. This research provides a critical perspective on the implementation of CSR programmes that are more beneficial to the community.
Memudarnya Pengetahuan Lokal Masyarakat tentang Pengobatan Diare di Kampung Kuin Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Camilla Natasya , Hakim Arif Rahman
Published: April 2024

The ignorance of the people of Kampung Kuin in treating diarrhea is a big problem and disturbing because it has claimed victims. This research aims to find out how local knowledge owned by the people of Kampung Kuin in treating diarrhea, as well as the factors that make people begin to forget the local knowledge. This research uses qualitative research methods, narrative approach. Data collection used interviews, observation and documentation. This research is located in Gang Hikmah RT. 08 Kampung Kuin, North Kuin Village, West Banjarmasin Subdistrict, Banjarmasin City. The data analysis technique used the Miles and Huberman model. The results showed that the people of Kuin village can tell and can explain local knowledge about diarrhea treatment directly. The knowledge that the community has is not only used for themselves, but is disseminated to relatives and neighbors to use village medicine that must still exist in this modern era. Traditional plants are still known even though they have been lost due to development in land settlements. The development of small lanes on land has caused the loss of nutritious plants. Pharmacies that have sprung up in land settlements have made the Kuin Village community group that purely uses village medicine begin to decrease, most of the community has moved to modern drugs that are more practical. Differences in the environment and daily habits of the Kuin Village community distinguish people who still use village medicine from those who use modern medicine.
Kontribusi Petani Perempuan Dalam Proses Pertanian Padi di Desa Marampiau Kabupaten Tapin
Authors: Samsi Muhammad , Damaiyanti Varinia Pura , An’amta Dimas Asto Aji
Published: April 2024

Women in Marampiau Village play a role and contribute to the family's socio-economy by farming rice. This research aims to analyse the contribution of women farmers in the process of rice farming. The theories used in this research are women and development proposed by Mosse, as well as gender theory and women's marginalisation. This research uses a qualitative approach, with the type of field research. The research was conducted in Marampiau Village, Candi Laras Selatan District, Tapin Regency. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results show that women farmers in Marampiau Village generally do not experience discrimination. When they work in the fields, the portion they do will be the same as men, from the beginning of land clearing, seed sowing, rice planting to harvesting. Likewise, the wages received, both men and women receive the same amount of wages, namely 60 thousand to 65 thousand per day. Working in agriculture is an occupational choice that many women in Marampiau Village make. Apart from the favourable environmental conditions, the factor of their husbands working as farmers also encourages them to work to help their husbands. In this study, it can be concluded that in the Marampiau Village community there is no discrimination against women farmers, but a division of labour between women and men. Indeed, this research is expected to be able to deliver new knowledge that marginalisation does not always occur in a society. In farming families in Marampiau Village, what happens is the process of division of labour carried out to ease the family's economic burden.
Antara Stigma dan Realitas Sosial: Status Janda Dalam Pandangan Masyarakat Desa
Authors: Salsabila Destya , Budhi Setia
Published: April 2024

The negative stigma that circulates makes people still view widow status with a negative view, even the status is sometimes considered a disgrace. This study aims to describe the society's view of women who have widow status. The theory used in this research is labelling theory. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative, with the type of field research. Semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and content analysis were the data collection techniques used. The research was conducted in Jelapat I Village, Tamban sub-district, Barito Kuala Regency. The data analysis technique went through the stages of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results show that the majority of people in Jelapat I Village have a positive view of widows. The stigma and negative labels that are always attached to widows do not make the community necessarily view widows with a negative view. Widows are given the freedom to do anything in their daily lives without feeling alienated. The community agrees that as long as widows do not engage in deviant behaviour and violate established norms, their status in society is the same. Even so, there is still a small part of the community that views widows negatively. These community members still believe that widows are seducers of their husbands. It can be concluded that the majority of people in Desa Jelapat I already have an open mind and do not discriminate against women just because of their status as widows.  It is hoped that communities in other areas that still hold negative stigmas can follow the example of the people of Jelapat I Village who do not necessarily negatively label widows.
History of Globalization Development and its Towards Students
Authors: Far Far Gazali , Salong Amjad
Published: April 2024

Era globalisasi yang ditandai dengan kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi membawa perubahan global. Keberadaan teknologi canggih tampaknya membuat dunia tidak terlalu jauh. Baik dari segi interaksi, kemudahan memperoleh informasi, dan menjalin hubungan sosial. Semuanya bisa dilakukan hanya dengan memanfaatkan teknologi, sehingga sangat mudah bagi seseorang untuk melakukan apapun yang diinginkannya. Di sisi lain, kemudahan menggunakan dan memanfaatkan teknologi berdampak negatif terhadap perilaku siswa. Jadi penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat akar sejarah globalisasi, dan dampak globalisasi terhadap mahasiswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka. Dimana proses pengumpulan data melalui berbagai sumber berupa buku, ensiklopedi, jurnal, dokumen, dll. Namun, sumber yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini umumnya diperoleh dari berbagai artikel yang dipublikasikan di jurnal online. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah sejarah globalisasi dimulai dengan istilah Fordisme, atau sistem sosial dan ekonomi modern yang diidentifikasi dalam proses industrialisasi dan standar produksi massal. Yang menggambarkan situasi di Amerika Serikat yang mengalami ledakan ekonomi akibat berakhirnya Perang Dunia II, yang terjadi pada tahun 1950-an hingga 1970-an. Sementara itu, kehadiran globalisasi berdampak pada mahasiswa, baik secara positif maupun negatif.
Biographical Character Values K.H. Abdul Syukur as a Source for Learning IPS for Strengthening Character Education
Authors: Firdaus Akhmad , Anis M. Zaenal Arifin , Subiyakto Bambang , Wahyu Wahyu , Putro Herry Porda Nugroho
Published: April 2024

K.H. Abdul Syukur merupakan seorang ulama terkemuka di Kalimantan Selatan, terutama di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Martapura dan masyarakat di Martapura. K.H. Abdul Syukur mengabdikan dirinya pada pondok pesantren selama 57 tahun dan memimpin pondok pesantren sejak tahun 1992. Selain itu, beliau juga membuka pengajian yang diikuti oleh santri dan masyarakat umum, mengajarkan materi seperti Hadits Bukhari, Tafsir Baidawi, Ilmu Fiqih, serta Muzhab dan Tuhfatul Muhtaz. Beliau juga memegang peran penting di Majelis Ulama Indonesia Banjar sebagai ketua Nazir Masjid Agung Al-Karomah Martapura dan sebagai Mustasyar/sesepuh Nahdatul Ulama cabang Kabupaten Banjar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi nilai-nilai karakter yang terdapat dalam biografi ulama K.H. Abdul Syukur dan nilai-nilai ini dapat diintegrasikan ke dalam pembelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan historis. Penelitian dilakukan di Martapura, Kabupaten Banjar, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, dengan melibatkan MTsN 6 Banjar dan beberapa kantor organisasi terkait. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, studi dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Instrumen penelitian mencakup peneliti, lembar observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada tujuh nilai karakter yang tercermin dalam kehidupan dan aktivitas K.H. Abdul Syukur, yaitu: religius, disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, rasa ingin tahu, cinta tanah air, tanggung jawab. Penelitian ini juga membahas upaya penguatan karakter dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) di MTsN 6 Banjar, yang mencakup kegiatan rutin seperti doa bersama, pelaksanaan salat berjamaah, kegiatan berinfaq, partisipasi dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, dan pemasangan poster pahlawan dan ulama di ruangan kelas.
The Important Role of Intra-School Student Organization (Student Council) in SMA Negeri 1 Anjir Pasar
Authors: Ilmy Zulvi Ainul , Abbas Ersis Warmansyah , Putra Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat , Sari Raihanah , Handy Muhammad Rezky Noor
Published: April 2024

Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah (OSIS) merupakan sebuah wadah organisasi yang berperan penting dalam menjalankan aktivitas siswa di lingkungan sekolah. Dalam konteks SMA Negeri 1 Anjir Pasar, OSIS berperan strategis dalam membantu mengorganisir kegiatan siswa dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup di sekolah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan peran Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah (OSIS) di SMA Negeri 1 Anjir Pasar. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian yaitu Kepala Sekolah, Wakasek Kesiswaan, Guru Pembina OSIS dan siswa pengurus OSIS. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah panduan observasi, perekam suara, dan alat tulis. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan uji kredibilitas, transferabilitas, dependabilitas dan konfirmabilitas. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 3 (tiga) peran yang dilaksanakan Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah (OSIS) di SMA Negeri 1 Anjir Pasar yaitu peran sebagai wadah atau tempat, penggerak atau motivasi, dan preventif atau pembinaan. Peran OSIS sebagai wadah dapat dilihat dalam mengadakan berbagai kegiatan, penghubung aspirasi siswa dan memberikan pengalaman organisasi. Sebagai penggerak OSIS menjalankan tugasnya untuk menggerakkan keaktifan siswa dan melibatkan siswa dalam kegiatan sekolah. Kemudian peran OSIS sebagai preventif yaitu menciptakan kedisiplinan di sekolah dan menjadi contoh teladan bagi seluruh siswa.
PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN (PKH) DALAM PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DI KELURAHAN PELAMBUAN KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Rachma Maulida
Published: April 2024

Kesejahteraan sosial menjadi tujuan utama dari setiap negara. Salah satu hambatan untuk mencapai kesejahteraan adalah masalah kemiskinan. Pemerintah dalam upayanya menurunkan tingginya angka kemiskinan salah satunya dengan cara meningkatkan efektivitas penanggulangan kemiskinan melalui program berbasis perlindungan sosial, seperti Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan Pelaksanaan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Kelurahan Pelambuan Kota Banjarmasin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Sumber data dipilih secara Purposive Sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan langkah-langkah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Pelaksanan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) dalam meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Sosial Masyarakat di Kelurahan Pelambuan, sudah berjalan dengan efektif karena pada pelaksanaannya telah berhasil menjalankan indikator-indikator efektivitas sebuah program sebagai berikut: Sasaran Program, Jumlah Bantuan, Waktu Penerimaan, Penggunaan Bantuan, Sosialisasi Program. Dengan demikian, pelaksanaan Program Keluarga Harapan di Kelurahan Pelambuan Kota Banjarmasin telah memberikan peningkatan kesejahteraan sosial masyarakat
Solvent optimization of flavonoid extraction from Moringa oleifera L. using simplex lattice design
Authors: Oktaviana Siti Muhsonah , Hajrin Wahida , Hanifa Nisa Isneni
Published: April 2024

Background: Flavonoids found mainly as pharmacologically active natural ingredient of moringa (Moringa oleifera L.). Therefore, optimizing the solvent to maximize the levels of flavonoid components is needed.
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the optimum solvent composition for extracting flavonoid compounds from moringa leaves using the simplex lattice design (SLD).
Methods: Moringa leaves were extracted using the sonication method with five combinations of 96% ethanol and water as the solvent. The solvent composition was optimized using Design-Expert version 11 software. Moreover, UV-Vis spectrophotometry was used to screen and identify flavonoid content.
Results: Flavonoids were detected in moringa extract. Using the F test, a valid SLD equation, y= 440,243(A) + 142,983(B) - 47,324(A)(B), was obtained. This equation shows that the solvent ethanol 96% : water (100:0) was the best solvent and produced the maximum amount of moringa flavonoid content, which was 440,2427 mg QE/g extract.
Conclusion: The flavonoid content was directly proportional to the high composition of 96% ethanol.
Psidium guajava leaves extract decreased leukocytes and lymphocytes count in Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced arthritis rats
Authors: Baroroh Hanif Nasiatul , Lesty Rupa , Utami Esti Dyah , Zulkepli Nur Ayunie
Published: April 2024

Background: Psidium guajava is one of the herbal plants that has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of P. guajava leaves extract on leukocytes and lymphocytes in rats.
Methods: Fifty rats were divided into five groups. Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) was employed to generate an animal model of arthritis. Group I (arthritis control) received CMC Na, group II (positive control) received dexamethasone 3 mg/kg BW, and groups III-V received 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg BW of the ethanol extract of P. guajava leaves orally. Total leukocyte counts were calculated on days 13 and 29, and on day 29, the histological joints were inspected.
Results: The P. guajava leaves extract decreased the number of lymphocytes and total leukocytes. Before and after treatment, the group receiving doses of 250 mg/kg BW and 750 mg/kg BW of the extract showed a significant decrease in leukocytes. With treatment of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg BW of P. guajava leaves ethanol extract, the lymphocyte count was also reduced. The P. guajava leaves extract at 750 mg/kg body weight showed the greatest effectiveness in suppressing leukocytes and lymphocytes.
Conclusion: The extract of P. guajava leaves has the potential to be developed as an anti-inflammatory for arthritis.
The effect of particle size reduction on dissolution of ibuprofen
Authors: Yosephine Samuella , Intan Nur , Anjani Sabrina , Rahma Shesa , Pudyastuti Beti , Wijaya Triyadi Hendra , Kurniawan Dhadhang Wahyu
Published: April 2024

The dissolution rate is an important characteristic to consider when designing a pharmaceutical dosage form, particularly for oral medications. Ibuprofen is an oral medication with a low dissolution rate. The common solution to this problem is to increase the dose to improve drug absorption and effectiveness in order to achieve therapeutic concentration. Some methods to increase dissolution rates have been explored, such as salt formation, prodrug formation, particle size reduction, crystal modification, micellar solubilization, complex formation, solid dispersion, and self-emulsifying. This review focuses on a strategy for increasing ibuprofen dissolution rate by reducing the particle size of the drug. Reduced particle size could improve ibuprofen solubility, allowing it to be absorbed more easily and achieve the desired therapeutic effect.
Phytochemical screening and purification of n-hexane fraction of Calophyllum soulattri leaves
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto , Yuliasari Agnes , Susilowati Sri Sutji , Wasito Hendri , Wijaya Triyadi Hendra , Fareza Muhamad Salman
Published: April 2024

Background: Calophyllum soulattri Burm F. is widely utilized in traditional medicine. It is necessary to identify secondary metabolites from C. soulattri leaves to determine the pharmacologically active chemicals.
Objective: This study aimed to screen the phytochemical content and purify the n-hexane fraction of C. soulattri leaves from Banyumas, Indonesia.
Methods: The n-hexane fraction was macerated with methanol, followed by liquid-liquid fractionation with n-hexane. The n-hexane fraction was tested for flavonoids, triterpenoids/steroids, saponins, and phenols using the test tube method. In addition, the compounds were purified using column chromatography. The purified compound was identified by the Liebermann-Burchard reagent, which was compared with commercially available steroid drugs as reference. 
Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed that the n-hexane fraction of C. soulattri leaves contained secondary metabolites such as flavonoid, steroid, and phenol compounds. Analyses with the Liebermann-Burchard reagent indicated that the purified compound was potentially a steroid.
Conclusion: The compound extracted from the n-hexane fraction of C. soulattri leaves was expected as a steroid.
Evaluation of physical and chemical stability of semi-solid preparations towards beyond-use date
Authors: Sukamdi Dyani Primasari , Dewinda Zulfa Sekar , Damarwati Vella Lailli , Maziyyah Nurul , Ningrum Dhecella Winy Cintya
Published: April 2024

Background: Semi-solid formulations require careful consideration due to potential drug interactions and incompatibilities. The stability of these compounds is crucial for determining the quality of a preparation, often assessed by its designated shelf life.
Objective: This research synthesizes previous studies to provide a comprehensive assessment of the quality and stability of semi-solid drugs, focusing on evaluating their physical and chemical stability in relation to the Beyond Use Date (BUD).
Methods: A literature review was conducted using the Google Scholar database, yielding eight articles that met the established inclusion and exclusion criteria and were pertinent to the research topic.
Results: The evaluations of physical stability indicated that preparations are stable when stored under standard conditions, away from light, and when formulated with suitable bases. The chemical stability assessments revealed a decline in potency or concentration at elevated temperatures.
Conclusion: The study concludes that, within the parameters of stability evaluated, semi-solid drug preparations remain viable for use.