bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOF-derived electrochemical catalyst Cu–N/C for the enhancement of amperometric oxygen detection
Authors: Yin Wenyan , Zhang Milin , Liu Jingyuan , Alali Khaled Tawfik , Yu Jing , Zhu Jiahui , Liu Peili , Li Rumin , Wang Jun
Published: December 2021

The incorporation of the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazole bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide and Cu–N/C into composite electrolytes provided a useful strategy to construct a tiny sensing unit for the determination of O2 concentration.
Thioether-directed Rh(iii)-catalyzed peri-selective acyloxylation of arenes
Authors: Xie Hui , Song Jia-Lin , Jiang Chun-Yong , Huang Yan-Xia , Zeng Jun-Yi , Liu Xu-Ge , Zhang Shang-Shi , Yang Fan
Published: December 2021

A thioether directed acyloxylation of arenes has been realized via Cp*Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H activation and subsequent coupling with carboxylic acids.
The rational design of nickel-cobalt selenides@selenium nanostructures by adjusting the synthesis environment for high-performance sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Pei Chenchen , Wang Qian , Hu Yue , Wang Hui , Liu Haixing , Zhang Lifeng , Guo Shouwu
Published: December 2021

Different selenization products (from the perspectives of micromorphology and sodium storage performance) can be obtained via regulating the selenization environment.
Catalytic properties of 4,5-bridged proline methano- and ethanologues in the Hajos–Parrish intramolecular aldol reaction
Authors: Hocine Sofiane , Berger Gilles , Houk K. N. , Hanessian Stephen
Published: December 2021

The catalysis of the Hajos–Parrish reaction bycis- andtrans-4,5-ethano-proline was explored experimentally and computationally with DFT (ωB97X-D and MN15) and DLPNO-CCSD(T).
The inversion of tetrahedral p-block element compounds: general trends and the relation to the second-order Jahn–Teller effect
Authors: Sigmund Lukas M. , Maier Rouven , Greb Lutz
Published: December 2021

The tetrahedron is the primary structural motif among the p-block elements and determines the architecture of our bio- and geosphere. This study sheds light on its stereochemical inversion process.
A redox-mediator pathway for enhanced multi-colour electrochemiluminescence in aqueous solution
Authors: Kerr Emily , Hayne David J. , Soulsby Lachlan C. , Bawden Joseph C. , Blom Steven J. , Doeven Egan H. , Henderson Luke C. , Hogan Conor F. , Francis Paul S.
Published: December 2021

A water-soluble Ir(iii) complex is shown to enhance the ‘remote’ mechanism of the most widely used co-reactant ECL reaction of tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(ii) with tripropylamine.
High strength, epoxy cross-linked high sulfur content polymers from one-step reactive compatibilization inverse vulcanization
Authors: Park Sangwoo , Chung Minju , Lamprou Alexandros , Seidel Karsten , Song Sanghoon , Schade Christian , Lim Jeewoo , Char Kookheon
Published: December 2021

A one-step bulk polymerization between elemental sulfur and allyl glycidyl ether yields epoxy cross-linked sulfur polymers with unprecedentedly high mechanical strength and rapid shape-memory performance.
Microscopic modelling of nematic elastic constants beyond Straley theory
Authors: Revignas Davide , Ferrarini Alberta
Published: December 2021

We develop a method for the calculation of Frank elastic constants of nematics, which accounts for the coupling between the molecular shape and the director field in each deformation mode.
Improved myocardial performance in infarcted rat heart by injection of disulfide-cross-linked chitosan hydrogels loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor
Authors: Fu Bo , Wang Xiaobei , Chen Zhengda , Jiang Nan , Guo Zhigang , Zhang Yuhui , Zhang Shaopeng , Liu Xiankun , Liu Li
Published: December 2021

(A) Outline of the synthesis of CMCS-S-S-Py and (B) schematic depiction of the fabrication of the CMCS/BSA hydrogel and its properties.
A covalent organic polymer for turn-on fluorescence sensing of hydrazine
Authors: Wang Jiangpeng , Wang Canran , Jiang Shan , Ma Wenyue , Xu Bin , Liu Leijing , Tian Wenjing
Published: December 2021

A polymer, COP-Ta, was designed and synthesized. It served as a turn-on fluorescent sensor for hydrazine detection with high performance.
Structural modification from centrosymmetric Rb4Hg2Ge2S8 to noncentrosymmetric (Na3Rb)Hg2Ge2S8: mixed alkali metals strategy for infrared nonlinear optical material design
Authors: Tang Chunlan , Xing Wenhao , Liang Fei , Sun Mengran , Tang Jian , Lin Zheshuai , Yao Jiyong , Chen Kaixin , Wu Jieyun , Yin Wenlong , Kang Bin
Published: December 2021

A novel noncentrosymmetric chalcogenide (Na3Rb)Hg2Ge2S8 with mixed alkali metals was successfully synthesized and showed a strong second harmonic generation response of 1.4 × AgGaS2 at 2090 nm for infrared nonlinear optics.
Statistical Considerations for Analyzing Ecological Momentary Assessment Data
Authors: Oleson Jacob J. , Jones Michelle A. , Jorgensen Erik J. , Wu Yu-Hsiang
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

The analysis of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data can be difficult to conceptualize due to the complexity of how the data are collected. The goal of this tutorial is to provide an overview of statistical considerations for analyzing observational data arising from EMA studies.

Method:

EMA data are collected in a variety of ways, complicating the statistical analysis. We focus on fundamental statistical characteristics of the data and general purpose statistical approaches to analyzing EMA data. We implement those statistical approaches using a recent study involving EMA.

Results:

The linear or generalized linear mixed-model statistical approach can adequately capture the challenges resulting from EMA collected data if properly set up. Additionally, while sample size depends on both the number of participants and the number of survey responses per participant, having more participants is more important than the number of responses per participant.

Conclusion:

Using modern statistical methods when analyzing EMA data and adequately considering all of the statistical assumptions being used can lead to interesting and important findings when using EMA.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17155961
Finite element comparative analysis on the influence of new commercial development on subway station structure
Authors: Li Jia , Hu Yang
Published: December 2021

The newly added commercial projects can effectively connect the subway station with the original commercial ones, and their constructions and breaking holes for the station exterior wall have an impact on the adjacent station structure. The risk analysis of the renovation construction is necessary for the insurance of the station safe operation. Combined with the renovation commercial project, Finite Element methods are adopted to simulate the construction process and the influences on the adjacent station structure are evaluated. The maximum lateral displacement of the station exterior wall for two three‐dimensional models are 3.7 mm and 3.8 mm, respectively. The maximum lateral displacement and maximum vertical displacement of the station structure by two‐dimensional model are 4.1 mm and 5.2 mm, respectively, and the bending moment and shear force of the station exterior wall increase by 4%. Considering the restriction effect of the transverse wall in two three‐dimensional models, the maximum bending moment of the station exterior wall has a small difference and is smaller than that of two‐dimensional model, and the opening width of the outer wall of the station is 0.2 mm. The force between piles for two three‐dimensional models is close and the construction has little influence on the tenon joint.
Angular distribution of fragments in neutron-induced nuclear fission at energies 1−200 MeV: Data, theoretical models and relevant problems
Authors: Barabanov Alexey , Vorobyev Alexander , Gagarski Alexei , Shcherbakov Oleg , Vaishnene Larisa
Published: December 2021

In recent years, investigations of angular distributions of fragments in neutron-induced nuclear fission have been extended to intermediate energies, up to 200 MeV, as well as to a wide range of target isotopes. Using as an example the latest data obtained by our group for the reaction 237Np(n;f), we discuss the specific features of fission fragment angular distribution and present a method for their simulation based on the code TALYS. It is shown that a simplified model reasonably describes energy dependence of the angular distribution in the whole range 1–200 MeV. The ways to improve the model are discussed along with the possibilities to use it for obtaining new information on fission and pre-equilibrium processes in neutron-nucleus interaction. We consider also the relevant problems of describing fission fragment angular distributions.
The description of the excitation energy sharing in nuclear fission within the Langevin approach
Authors: Ivanyuk F.A. , Chiba S.
Published: December 2021

We apply the four-dimensional Langevin approach to the description of fission of 235U by neutrons and calculate the dependence of the excitation energy of fission fragments on their mass number. For this we run the Langevin equations until the compound nucleus splits into two separated fragments. This is possible since the we used in this work two-center shell model shape parametrization that describes well both compact and separated shapes. The excitation energies of each fragment are calculated assuming that the temperatures of both fragments are the same. The deformation energy of the fragment immediately after scission is added to its excitation energy. The saw-tooth structure of the dependence neutron multiplicity on the fragment’s mass number in reaction 235U + n at En = 5 Mev is qualitatively reproduced.
Anisotropy in fission fragment and prompt neutron angular distributions
Authors: Lovell A.E. , Talou P. , Stetcu I. , Kelly K.J.
Published: December 2021

Several physics mechanisms can lead to the deviation from an isotropic angular distribution for both fission fragments and the neutrons that are emitted during the fission event. Two of these effects have recently been implemented into CGMF, the Monte Carlo fission event generator developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory: angular distribution sampling for fission fragments and pre-equilibrium neutrons (those emitted before the compound nucleus forms). Using these new developments, we show that the anisotropy of the neutrons reflects the anisotropy of the fission fragments, in particular as the outgoing energy of neutrons increases. Correlations between the fission fragment and neutron anisotropies could be used to extract the fission fragment anisotropy from the neutron angular distributions.
MicroRNA-155 contributes to host immunity against Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Xu Yanan , Wu Junhua , Yuan Xiaoqi , Liu Wenyuan , Pan Jiewen , Xu Binbin
Published: December 2021

Toxoplasma gondii is well known to infect almost all avian and mammalian species including humans, with worldwide distribution. This protozoan parasite can cause serious toxoplasmosis, posing with a risk to public health. The role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of T. gondii has not been well described. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNA-155 (miR-155) in mediating innate and adaptive immune responses during T. gondii infection in mice models. The survival and parasite burden in T. gondii-infected miR-155−/− and wild-type (WT) C57BL6 mice were compared. In these two mouse models, ELISA tests were used for analysis of Th1-associated, Th2-associated, and Th17-associated cytokines, and flow cytometry was used for analysis of the subpopulations of NK, NKT, CD8+T, CD4+T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), as well as Ly6Chi inflammatory monocytes and dendritic cells. The lack of miR-155 led to increased parasite burden and decreased survival of infected mice in contrast to WT mice. Innate and adaptive immune responses were reduced in the absence of miR-155, along with decreased proinflammatory mediators, Th-1-associated and Th-2-associated cytokines and accumulation of lymphocyte subpopulations. Also, CD8+ T cell exhaustion was also worsened in the absence of miR-155 via targeting of SHIP-1 and SOCS1, showing as up-regulated recruitment of Tregs and expression of PD-1, and down-regulated expression of IFN-γ and TNF-α in CD8+ T cells. Our results show that miR-155 is a critical immune regulator for the control of T. gondii infection, suggesting that miR-155 can be explored as a potential molecular target for boosting immunity against T. gondii.
The service pricing strategies and the strategic behavior of customers in an unobservable Markovian queue with unreliable server
Authors: Meziani Kamel , Rahmoune Fazia , Radjef Mohammed Said
Published: December 2021

A Stackelberg game is used to study the service pricing and the strategic behavior of customers in an unreliable and totally unobservable M/M/1 queue under a reward-cost structure. At the first stage, the server manager, acting as a leader, chooses a service price and, at the second stage, a customer, arriving at the system and acting as a follower, chooses to join the system or an outside opportunity, knowing only the service price imposed by the server manager and the system parameters. We show that the constructed game admits an equilibrium and we give explicit forms of server manager and customers equilibrium behavioral strategies. The results of the proposed model show that the assumption that customers are risk-neutral is fundamental for the standard approach usually used. Moreover, we determine the socially optimal price that maximizes the social welfare and we compare it to the Stackelberg equilibrium. We illustrate, by numerical examples, the effect of some system parameters on the equilibrium service price and the revenue of the server manager.
Designing a mechanism for generating confidence in crowdlending platforms
Authors: Popov Evgeny , Fedoreev Sergey , Veretennikova Anna
Published: December 2021

The development of the equity economy as a new business model, the spread of digital platforms, as well as the task of increasing the efficiency of resources, stimulated the development of new financial instruments, including crowdlending. At the same time, lack of sufficient accumulated experience, both in the functioning and regulation of crowdlending platforms, significantly limit their activities. The purpose of this study is to design and substantiate the mechanism of confidence generation in crowdlending platforms. In the course of the study, the peculiarities of the equity economy functioning, which are characteristic, among other things, for crowdlending platforms, were described, regulatory, technical and reputational risks of confidence loss in the subsystems of the “platform-borrower”, “platform-investor” and “loan-investor” relationships were identified, and tools for their reduction in these subsystems were proposed. In addition, an author’s model of interaction between actors of the pooled investment market when investing by a loan provision has been developed, which includes the function of a collateral operator to represent the interests of investors in a one-to-many relationship. The theoretical significance of the results obtained consists in the expansion of scientific research in the field of the sharing economy to the financial resources market. The practical significance of the indicated results consists in the possibility of implementing these proposals to increase the level of confidence in crowdlending platforms.
Socio-cultural and institutional factors of the investment potential of the regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Filatova Natalia , Zaikin Nikolay , Kazantsev Yuri
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the problem of sustainable development of the regional economy considering the consequences of the 2020 pandemic. The authors make an assumption about the stabilizing effect of the previously accumulated investment potential at the regional level. Regions with high investment potential have a high degree of the regional economy resilience. The object of the study was the dynamics of socio-economic indicators of investment potential in 85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the period from 2009 to 2018. To consider the long-term development trend of the region, institutional and sociocultural variables were added to the system of indicators of the regression model. The results of the regression analysis indicate the importance of only one of the tested institutional and social factors – the volume of issued housing mortgage loans. The affordability of housing for the region population can be an important factor in the sustainability of the regional economy and be considered as a key benchmark of the regional investment strategy.
The concept “military/armed conflict” in terms of foreign language teaching methods
Authors: Moiseeva Irina , Strenadyuk Galina , Remizova Valentina
Published: December 2021

Armed conflicts occurring in the world should be analyzed from different points of view including linguistic understanding of the concept “military/armed conflict”. The objective of the study is to find the ways to develop university students’ skills to model the concept “military/armed conflict”. The process of teaching students to construct the concept involves three stages: 1) shaping the topical sphere of the concept with the help of scientometric analysis of journal articles and media texts; 2) demonstrating the procedure of concept modelling; 3) collecting the lexical units from media texts, analyzing their meanings for making concept model; comparing the structure and the content of German and Russian concepts. The scientometric method implied to the concept analysis allows figuring out the most general topics connected with the concept. Political issues, international relations, society, education, religion, health and medical problems, history, security are the most frequent general topics connected with the concept under study. The continuous sampling method is used to select and collect the language means related to the concept “military/armed conflict”. To construct the concept the modelling method is employed. In the concept structure the core, semicore and peripheral zones are distinguished.
Prospective directions of state support of the national innovation system of Russia
Authors: Serpuhovitin Dmitry
Published: December 2021

The article presents an original methodology for selecting the most popular measures of state support of the national innovation system of a country with usage of numerical methods of clustering. The clustering methodology is based on a combination of indexes: Global Innovation Index, Gross Natural Income and Human Development Index. In the lists of countries and their corresponding clusters obtained as a result of empirical analysis, the most demanded measures of state support of the national innovation system were identified on the base of retrospective dynamics of Global Innovation Index indicators characterizing the state support of the national innovation system. For the obtained indicators of the Global Innovation Index, recommendations were given for the direction of development of the national innovation system of Russia. Classical clustering methods were used as analysis instruments: Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise and K-Means, The Silhouette Coefficient implemented in the sklearn library of Python programming language was used as a quality metric.
Digitalization of social infrastructure in small towns of the Middle Urals
Authors: Kokh Ivan
Published: December 2021

Social infrastructure of rural areas and cities is of great importance in improving the quality of life of their population. Digital technologies play an ever-increasing role in the development of social infrastructure. Digitalization of social infrastructure in large cities, where there are more favorable conditions for the introduction of Internet technologies due to the availability of reliable networks, unlike other settlements, is of particular importance. The article analyzes the results of sociological research concerning the use of Internet technologies by the population in small towns of the Middle Urals. Special attention is paid to the role of Internet technologies in the transformation of social infrastructure, accessibility of services for residents, especially in small towns.
Personnel management in the sustainable transport and logistics industry
Authors: Hercegová Katarína , Pyanov Alexander , Mukhoryanova Oksana
Published: December 2021

This paper describes the methods and techniques of the ways personnel security is ensured and maintained in the sustainable transport industry. In addition, it focuses on the novel methods and technologies used by the human resource managers for selecting and hiring candidates for jobs in the transport and logistic sector. Furthermore, it gives a comprehensive overview of human capital management in the transport industry and provides a detailed analysis of several segments covered. It offers a detailed insight into the growth markets and their impact on the human resource management market in the transport industry. Our results demonstrate that the majority of the world's largest transportation and logistics companies believe that data-driven decision-making is essential to supply chain activities and is hiring the right employees. The paper shows that this data-driven approach might be the best solution for optimizing performance and achieving the standards of sustainable and environmentally-friendly business both at the personnel level and at the level of operation and efficient management. Moreover, it stresses the importance of the artificial intelligence and deep learning in the development of the sustainable transport industry.
Improving public policy in the field of human resources reproduction as a regional sustainable development factor
Authors: Akyulov Robert , Nedorostkova Elvira
Published: December 2021

The article explores demographic problems, such as birth rate decrease, high rate of mortality and structural unemployment in the RF regions through the example of a typical industrial territory - the Sverdlovsk region. The vital rate trends in the Sverdlovsk region are analyzed, where, since 2016, the growing population decline, demographic ageing and shrinking numbers of the economically active population have been observed. The reasons of the current demographic situation in the country and regions, having ample evidence of depopulation, are considered. Providing a simple population replacement mode, addressing social and demographic problems, necessary to increase human resources reproduction efficiency, are essential for the sustainable development of the regional economy. However, this can only be achieved through public administration system improvement and modern technologies implementation. It is proposed to increase the efficiency of interdepartmental interaction between healthcare, educational and labor institutions, which focus at birth rate increase, health improvement, education development, full population employment and provision of economic entities with qualified workforce. In addition, a set of measures is developed to combat depopulation and to improve human resources reproduction policy at the national and regional levels to provide for sustainable development.
Quand la vidéo devient silencieuse : analyse sémio-historique du sous-titrage dans les productions audiovisuelles des médias en ligne français (2014–2020)
Authors: Guéraud-Pinet Guylaine
Published: December 2021

Depuis le milieu des années 2010, la vidéo informative en ligne (Brut., Konbini, Culture’, Loopsider, etc.) se développe en France. L’une de ses particularités réside dans la mobilisation systématique du sous-titrage ou du légendage. Production audio-visuelle, la vidéo devrait solliciter, par définition, aussi bien la vue que l’ouïe. Cependant, ce recours au texte questionne la place des formes sonores dans la vidéo en ligne. Cet article étudie alors la construction « audio-scripto-visuelle » de ces contenus. À partir d’une analyse sémio-historique jointe à une analyse de contenu de vidéos en ligne, les résultats montrent que le recours au texte (sous-titrage et légendage) dans ces vidéos provient d’un héritage médiatique ancien (cinéma, radio, télévision). Ce recours au texte montre aussi que le son semble de plus en plus dispensable à la compréhension des contenus. Le format de vidéo en ligne étudié se multiplie et semble se standardiser. Par conséquent, son industrialisation est questionnée au regard des enjeux sonores.
Luftgebundener Intensivtransport
Authors: Adams Niels , Hinkelbein Jochen
Published: December 2021

Der moderne Intensivtransport von Patienten mittels Intensivtransportwagen, Hubschrauber oder Flächenflugzeug ist heute Standard und wurde in den letzten 100 Jahren stetig weiterentwickelt. Wann genau der erste bodengebundene Intensivtransport durchgeführt wurde, ist leider heute unklar.
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt
Authors: Jordan Jens , Hemmersbach Ruth
Published: December 2021

Das Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin forscht an der Schnittstelle von Medizin, Psychologie und Biologie und den technologischen Entwicklungen des Deutschen Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt. Das Institut verfolgt das Ziel, Gesundheit, Leistungsfähigkeit und Sicherheit von Menschen im Weltraum, in der Luftfahrt und auf der Erde zu erhalten und zu verbessern. Dabei werden Studien unter realen Weltraum- und Luftfahrtbedingungen durch hochkontrollierte humane Studien, insbesondere am DLR-Reallabor :envihab, sowie zellbiologische Untersuchungen ergänzt. Die Forschungsergebnisse werden direkt in medizinische und psychologische Anwendungen für die Luft- und Raumfahrt übersetzt.
Verteilung der flugmedizinischen Untersuchungsstellen in der EU
Authors: Liebold Felix , Schmitz Jan , Pippig Torsten , Pongratz Hans J. , Hinkelbein Jochen
Published: December 2021

Die Zahl flugmedizinischer Untersuchungsstellen korreliert nur bedingt mit der Einwohnerzahl eines EU-Staates. Grund dafür ist die Orientierung der Dichte flugmedizinischer Sachverständiger (AME) am länderspezifischen Flugverkehrsaufkommen, das beispielsweise durch geografische Gegebenheiten (Flächenstaat, Insel usw.) oder der wirtschaftlichen Ausrichtung (Tourismus) eines Landes bestimmt wird. Ein besserer Indikator für die Dichte flugmedizinischer Untersuchungsstellen ist demnach die Zahl der Pilotenlizenzen. Die mit Abstand meisten Untersuchungsstellen finden sich in Frankreich und Deutschland. Eine besonders hohe AME-Dichte weisen insbesondere die EU-Staaten Skandinaviens auf. Der Anteil von Frauen unter den AME ist im Osten und Nordosten besonders hoch. Hier sind Frauen auch in anderen medizinischen Fachbereichen stark vertreten. Im überwiegenden Rest der Union liegen die Frauenanteile weit hinter den Anteilen anderer medizinischer Fachrichtungen zurück. Die Gründe dafür sind unklar.
„Child Life Specialist“-Interventionen in der
klinischen pädiatrischen Versorgung: Ein systematischer Review zu
Effekten auf psychische Gesundheitsparameter von Kindern und
Jugendlichen
Authors: Hummel Julia , Coenen Michaela , Voigt-Blaurock Varinka , Klein Christoph , Jung-Sievers Caroline
Published: December 2021

Ziel der Studie Krankenhausaufenthalte können bei Kindern zu
psychischen Belastungen führen, die in der Regelversorgung
häufig nicht ausreichend adressiert werden. Ein neuer Ansatz ist es,
spezialisierte psychosoziale Fachkräfte, sog. Child Life Specialists
(CLS), in die klinische Versorgung einzubinden. CLS begleiten Kinder durch den
Klinikalltag und können Belastungen durch gezielte Interventionen
auffangen und das Wohlbefinden der PatientInnen fördern. Ziel dieser
Arbeit ist es, die Effekte von CLS-Interventionen auf Angst, Schmerz und Stress
von Kindern im klinischen Kontext zu analysieren.

Methodik Es wurde eine systematische Literatursuche in den Datenbanken
Medline, Embase und PsycINFO durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse wurden in
tabellarischer und graphischer Form dargestellt.

Ergebnisse Es wurden vier randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCTs)
eingeschlossen, die die Effekte von CLS-Interventionen bei 459 Kindern im Alter
von 0–15 Jahren untersuchten. Eine signifikante Verbesserung der
Zielkriterien wurde jeweils in mindestens einer Studie berichtet. Bei allen
Studien ist von einem mittleren bis hohen Verzerrungsrisiko auszugehen.

Schlussfolgerung In den eingeschlossenen RCTs werden positive Effekte von
CLS-Interventionen auf Ergebnisvariablen psychischer Gesundheit von Kindern im
klinischen Setting berichtet. Aufgrund der geringen Anzahl von Studien sowie
deren Heterogenität und Qualität ist weitere Forschung
notwendig.
Kann Vitamin C zu Beginn einer akuten Infektion vor schweren
Verläufen und post-viraler Fatigue schützen?
Authors: Vollbracht Claudia
Published: December 2021

Ein Defizit an Vitamin C kann das Infektionsrisiko erhöhen. Begleitend
bei einem grippalen Infekt eingesetzt, kann Vitamin C die Symptome bei
ausreichend hoher Dosierung signifikant abmildern. Auch bei
SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen zeigen Studien, dass supportives Vitamin C positive
Wirkungen hat. Hochdosiertes intravenöses Vitamin C kann zudem Fatigue,
kognitive Störungen und Schmerzen bei Erkrankungen, die mit oxidativem
Stress einhergehen, reduzieren. Dass diese Effekte auch bei der Behandlung von
Long-COVID-Betroffenen erzielt werden könnten, scheint plausibel.
Influence of Tip Diameter and Light Spectrum of Curing Units on the Properties of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites
Authors: Cardoso Igor Oliveiros , Machado Alexandre Coelho , Fernandes Luísa de Oliveira , Soares Paulo Vinícius , Raposo Luís Henrique Araújo
Published: December 2021

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different light-curing units (LCUs) with distinct tip diameters and light spectra for activating bulk-fill resins.

Materials and Methods The specimens (n = 10) were made from a conventional composite (Amaris, VOCO) and bulk-fill resins (Aura Bulk Fill, SDI; Filtek One, 3M ESPE; Tetric Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent) with two diameters, 7 or 10 mm, × 2 mm thickness. Following 24 hours of specimen preparation, the degree of conversion (DC) was evaluated using the Fourier-transform infrared unit. Knoop hardness (KHN) readings were performed on the center and periphery of the specimens. Data were assessed for homoscedasticity and submitted to one-way and three-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey's and Dunnett's tests, depending on the analysis performed (α = 0.05).

Results LCUs and specimen diameter significantly affected the DC. The Tetric Bulk Fill provided increased DC results when light-cured with Valo (54.8 and 53.5%, for 7 and 10 mm, respectively) compared with Radii Xpert (52.1 and 52.9%, for 7 and 10 mm, respectively). No significant differences in KHN results were noted for the conventional resin composite (Amaris) compared with LCUs (p = 0.213) or disc diameters (p = 0.587), but the center of the specimen exhibited superior KHN (p ≤ 0.001) than the periphery.

Conclusion The light spectrum of the multipeak LCU (Valo) significantly increased the DC and KHN of the bulk-fill resin composite with additional initiator to camphorquinone (Tetric Bulk Fill) compared with the monowave LCU (Radii Xpert). The tip size of the LCUs influenced the performance of some of the resin composites tested.
Himalayan Fibrillatory Waves in Juvenile Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Akheela Mohamed Kassim , Ahmed A. Shaheer
Published: December 2021

An 18-year-old girl, a known case of rheumatic mitral stenosis, presented with dyspnea and palpitations. Electrocardiogram was done, which revealed atrial fibrillation and a large amplitude atrial fibrillatory wave, which was more than the voltage of R wave V1, a finding which is quite uncommon. Echocardiography revealed a large left atrium which was 80 mm in diameter. The patient was started on oral anticoagulation and referred for mitral valve replacement with maze procedure.
High Risk of Venous Thrombosis Recurrence in Fully Anticoagulated Patient with Antithrombin Deficiency during COVID-19: A Case Report
Authors: Kovac Mirjana , Markovic Olivera , Lalic-Cosic Sanja , Mitic Gorana
Published: December 2021

Coagulation dysfunction is a serious issue in patients with Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). With regard to recently published studies, a high number of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to COVID-19 developed life-threatening thrombotic complications despite anticoagulation. We report a case of young woman with the type-II heparin-binding site (HBS) antithrombin (AT) deficiency (Budapest 3-homozygous), who developed acute deep vein thrombosis on two occasions due to COVID-19 infection in the course of stable anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonist. The first thrombotic event was observed during mild COVID-19 infection, while the second thrombotic event she developed 2 months after she was negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our case highlights the complexity of the treatment in this particular type of thrombophilia and the need for precaution even in mild forms of viral infection. In the treatment of acute thrombosis, AT-deficient patients may benefit from the use of AT concentrate along with low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH), while in cases of type II-HBS, AT supplementation is mandatory.
Hair Transplant for Eyebrow Restoration
Authors: Rajput Rajendrasingh J.
Published: December 2021

Eyebrow restoration can be best done with individual single hair follicles grafts harvested by FUE. Understanding the male and female eyebrow allows us to plan an aesthetic reconstruction, requiring 70 to 120 grafts. Selection of donor hair, angle of placement, alignment and direction within the rows influences the results, as does scarring and perfusion of the skin. Details of planning, technique, anesthesia and postoperative care, as well as drawbacks of older methods, are discussed in the article.
Genetic Counseling for Bladder Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex
Authors: Reutter Heiko , Holmdahl Gundela
Published: December 2021

Bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) represents the severe end of the uro-rectal malformation spectrum and has profound impact on continence, sexual, and renal function. Treatment of BEEC is primarily surgical, and the main goals are safe closure of the abdominal wall, urinary continence while preserving renal function, and adequate cosmetic and functional genital reconstruction. Psychosocial and psychosexual outcomes and adequate health-related quality of life depend on long-term multidisciplinary care. The overall outcome is now considered very positive and affected individuals usually lead self-determined and independent lives with the desire to start their own families later in life. Certainty about the risk of recurrence and the provision of information about the current state of knowledge about the identified genetic causes with high penetrance will have an impact on family planning for healthy parents with an affected child and for affected individuals themselves. This review addresses this information and presents the current state of knowledge.
Broadband digital coding metasurface holography
Authors: Xiao Qiang , Ma Qian , Wu Liang Wei , Gou Yue , Wang Jia Wei , Li Wei Han , Jiang Rui Zhe , Wan Xiang , Cui Tie Jun
Published: December 2021

Digital coding metasurfaces composed of subwavelength meta-atoms can flexibly control electromagnetic waves to achieve holography, which has great potential in millimeter-wave imaging systems and data storage. In this paper, we propose a 3-bit reflective digital coding metasurface. The incident linearly polarized waves can be transformed into cross-polarized components with distinct phase responses by adjusting the rotational and open angles of the coding elements. The 3-bit phase performance can be retained over a wide bandwidth from 12 to 18 GHz by simultaneously changing the rotational and open angles. Based on the proposed broadband metasurface, broadband holography is successfully demonstrated with the optimization of a modified Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm. As a proof of concept, five schemes with different holograms integrating the letters “S,” “E,” “U,” “X,” and “Z” are simulated from 12 to 18 GHz. Good simulation results validate the performance of the proposed broadband holography, showing a relative bandwidth of 40%. Two prototypes superposing the holograms of letters “U” and “X” are fabricated and measured in a near-field microwave anechoic chamber. The experimental results corroborate well with simulated results, further supporting the demonstration. We believe that the proposed broadband holography based on the digital coding metasurface paves a way to wideband applications for microwave imaging, information processing, and holographic data storage.
Geometric Brownian information engine: Upper bound of the achievable work under feedback control
Authors: Ali Syed Yunus , Rafeek Rafna , Mondal Debasish
Published: December 2021

We design a geometric Brownian information engine by considering overdamped Brownian particles inside a two-dimensional monolobal confinement with irregular width along the transport direction. Under such detention, particles experience an effective entropic potential which has a logarithmic form. We employ a feedback control protocol as an outcome of error-free position measurement. The protocol comprises three stages: measurement, feedback, and relaxation. We reposition the center of the confinement to the measurement distance (xp) instantaneously when the position of the trapped particle crosses xp for the first time. Then, the particle is allowed for thermal relaxation. We calculate the extractable work, total information, and unavailable information associated with the feedback control using this equilibrium probability distribution function. We find the exact analytical value of the upper bound of extractable work as (53−2ln2)kBT. We introduce a constant force G downward to the transverse coordinate (y). A change in G alters the effective potential of the system and tunes the relative dominance of entropic and energetic contributions in it. The upper bound of the achievable work shows a crossover from (53−2ln2)kBT to 12kBT when the system changes from an entropy-dominated regime to an energy-dominated one. Compared to an energetic analog, the loss of information during the relaxation process is higher in the entropy-dominated region, which accredits the less value in achievable work. Theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the Langevin dynamics simulation studies.
Structural rearrangement of Ag60 nanocluster endowing different luminescence performances
Authors: Su Yan-Min , Li Xiao-Yu , Wang Zhi , Gao Zhi-Yong , Huang Xian-Qiang , Tung Chen-Ho , Sun Di
Published: December 2021

It is well known that structure determines property, but obtaining a pair of silver nanoclusters with comparable structures to understand the structure–property relationship is a very challenging task. A new 60-nuclei silver nanocluster (SD/Ag60a) protected by a mixed-ligand shell of tBuS− and o-CH3OPhCOO− was obtained and characterized. Single crystal x-ray diffraction reveals that SD/Ag60a has an identical metal nuclearity and core–shell structural type to SD/Ag1 previously reported by our group, whereas the compositions of the core and shell have undergone a rearrangement from an Ag12 cuboctahedron core and an Ag48 rhombicuboctahedron shell in SD/Ag1 to an Ag14 rhombic dodecahedron core and an oval Ag46 shell in SD/Ag60a. The core enlargement from Ag12 to Ag14 originates from the replacement of two S2− in Ag12S15 by two Ag+, which gives a new Ag14S13 core. This result indicates that the metal frameworks of silver nanoclusters have some extent flexibility despite the same nuclearity, which can be influenced by ligands, solvents, anion templates, and others in the embryonic stage of the assembly. Interestingly, different core–shell architectures of Ag60 nanoclusters also significantly endow the different optical absorption bands, photocurrent-generating properties, and luminesecent behaviors. This work not only realizes the regulation of the core–shell structure of silver nanoclusters with the same nuclearity but also provides a comparable model for investigating the relationship of structure–photoelectric properties.
Competition of localized thermal buoyancy and Lorentz forces in an electrolyte enclosed in a cavity
Authors: Rechtman Raúl , Huelsz Guadalupe , Román Joel , Figueroa Aldo
Published: December 2021

We study the flow of an electrolyte inside a slender square cavity produced by two competing localized forces, the thermal buoyancy force produced by the heating of a central part of the horizontal bottom wall and a vertical downward Lorentz force. This force is produced by a constant horizontal electric current between the slender vertical walls and a couple of circular magnets with opposing polarization placed on the center of both square vertical walls. The flow inside the cavity is considered two dimensional and simulated using the lattice Boltzmann equation method. We find the map of the flow patterns and their transitions for a Grashof number Gr in the range 0≤Gr≤4×103 and a Chandrasekhar number Ch in 0≤Ch≤1×107. For Gr≤2×103, the plane Gr-Ch can be divided in three regions with sharp changes in the flow patterns and the average Nusselt number on the top wall and the average asymmetry. One region is dominated by the buoyancy force, another by the Lorentz force, and there is an intermediate one, where neither of these forces dominates. For larger Gr, there are no sharp transitions.
Shared seagull optimization algorithm with mutation operators for global optimization
Authors: Ma Bing , Lu Peng-min , Liu Yong-gang , Zhou Qiang , Hu Yong-tao
Published: December 2021

Seagull optimization algorithm (SOA) has the disadvantages of low convergence accuracy, weak population diversity, and tendency to fall into local optimum, especially for high dimensional and multimodal problems. To overcome these shortcomings, initially, in this study, a shared SOA (SSOA) is proposed based on the combination of a sharing multi-leader strategy with a self-adaptive mutation operator. In addition, seven new variants of the SSOA algorithm are proposed employing the Gaussian mutation operator, Cauchy mutation operator, Lévy flights mutation operator, improved Tent chaos mutation operator, neighborhood centroid opposition-based learning mutation operator, elite opposition-based learning mutation operator, and simulated annealing algorithm combined with other mutation operators, namely, GSSOA, CSSOA, LFSSOA, ITSSOA, ESSOA, NSSOA, and CMSSOA, respectively. Then, the performance of these variants was evaluated on 23 benchmark functions, and the various performances of the best variant were evaluated on a comprehensive set of 43 benchmark problems and three real-world problems compared to other optimizers. Experimental and statistical results demonstrate that the proposed CMSSOA algorithm outperforms other variants of the SSOA algorithm and competitor approaches.
Anisotropic magnetoresistance and planar Hall effect in type-II Dirac semimetal PtTe2
Authors: Guo Jun-jie , Luo Zi-yan , Liao Ju-jian , Nie Yao-zhuang , Xia Qing-lin , Xiong Rui , Guo Guang-hua
Published: December 2021

The experimental realization of topological semimetals in the past decade has brought them to the new frontier of condensed matter research. In this paper, we study the angle dependence of the magnetoresistance and planar Hall effect of type-II Dirac semimetal PtTe2 microflakes. The magnetotransport properties of a PtTe2 device are characterized at various temperatures (T = 10–300 K) and different magnetic fields (H = 1–9 T). Remarkable anisotropic magnetoresistance and planar Hall resistance are observed, which can be ascribed to the anisotropic orbital magnetoresistance. Our work provides a comprehensive analysis on the transport properties of PtTe2 and paves the way for its application in the future.
A gene-centric approach to biomarker discovery identifies transglutaminase 1 as an epidermal autoantigen
Authors: Landegren Nils , Ishii Norito , Aranda-Guillén Maribel , Gunnarsson Hörður Ingi , Sardh Fabian , Hallgren Åsa , Ståhle Mona , Hagforsen Eva , Bradley Maria , Edqvist Per-Henrik D. , Pontén Fredrik , Mäkitie Outi , Eidsmo Liv , Norlén Lars , Achour Adnane , Dahlbom Ingrid , Korponay-Szabó Ilma , Agardh Daniel , Alimohammadi Mohammad , Eriksson Daniel , Hashimoto Takashi , Kämpe Olle
Published: December 2021

Significance

The nine-member transglutaminase protein family includes five known autoantigens. Because of the frequent roles of transglutaminases in autoimmunity, we decided to explore whether the remaining members might also constitute autoantigens, but in as-yet-unexplained disorders. We turned to TGM1, and since this member is primarily expressed in squamous epithelia, we focused on skin disorders. By screening a broad range of acquired skin disorders, we identified TGM1 to be a major autoantigen in the severe blistering disease paraneoplastic pemphigus. This study illustrates a gene-centric approach to biomarker discovery—starting from a putative autoantigen to search for its corresponding disease—that may prove generally applicable for studies of autoimmunity.
Authoring support for Spanish language writers
Authors: Rabadán Rosa , Pizarro Isabel , Sanjurjo-González Hugo
Published: December 2021

Authoring support consists of (semi)automated aids to be used at different stages during the writing process. Language information, however, tends to be restricted to areas such as spelling and grammar checking or term banks, and text construction difficulties that writers face concerning the structure of particular genres, associated sentence formulations or genre-specific vocabulary have not received proper attention. An additional gap in the research is that this support is generally addressed to English language users. This paper addresses these concerns focusing on a particular genre: the company’s directors’ report, and on Spanish language writers writing in English. A custom-made monolingual corpus has been analyzed using Bhatia (1993, 2004) and Swales (1990, 2004) definitions of genre and move combined with theme characterization. Recurrent strings for each move/step, which are conventionally associated with each rhetorical unit, were identified and formulated as “meta-strings.” The bilingual glossary includes domain-specific items as well as move/step or genre-specific lexical and phraseological options, i.e., elements used irrespective of the business, places or people involved. The results are valuable by themselves, as an analysis of the genre, but also as the empirical basis for the authoring support tool that we present here, and as language training materials.
Pleistophora typicalis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: December 2021

A description is provided for
Pleistophora typicalis
, known only from
Myoxocephalus scorpius
, the shorthorn sculpin or bull-rout,
M. quadricornis
, the fourhorn sculpin, and
Taurulus bubalis
, the longspined bullhead, all 3 species of the fish family Cottidae (Scorpaeniformes). Some information on its morphology, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Europe (France, Russia and UK)) and hosts (
Myoxocephalus scorpius, M. quadricornis
and
Taurulus bubalis
).