bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights into Regulatory Factors in Megakaryocyte Development and Function: Basic Mechanisms and Potential Targets
Authors: Li Li , Ni Rui , Li Ziwei , Ming Yue , Liu Li , Peng Dan , Cai Yongqing , Wu Yuanlin , Jiang Tingting , Li Yanping , Liu Yao
Published: November 2022

Platelets are small, anucleate cellular fragments, which are produced by megakaryocytes, and play a key role in hemostasis and thrombus formation. The differentiation of megakaryocytes from hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow and the development of megakaryocytes into platelets is a complex process. Various regulatory factorsin megakaryopoiesis including cytokines, growth factors, transcription factors, and gene expression, are all involved in the process of thrombocytopoiesis and play distinct roles in different stages of megakaryocytes development. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge ofmultiple regulatory factors including the TPO/Mpl signaling pathway, transcription factors, RasGTPases family, estrogen, and microRNAs. Altogether, we aimed to discuss more molecular mechanisms of megakaryocytes differentiation and maturation, and possess a better understanding of platelet formation.
Various Fractions of Alcoholic Extracts from Dendrobium nobile Functionalized Antioxidation and Antiaging in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice
Authors: Gao Xiaoping , Liu Jun , Luo Yuanning , Lei Yu , Long Wenwen , Wang Kai , Zhou Jian , Lei Ming , Yang Nan , Zou Hongyu , Huang Feihong , Wan Runlan
Published: November 2022

Background: The theory of free radical oxidative stress (ROS) is one of the leading theories of ageing, and antioxidants play an important role in antiaging. Dendrobium has always been popular as a natural antioxidant. Methods: This study investigated the effects of various polarity fractions of ethanol extracts from Dendrobium nobile Lindl. (D. nobile) on D-galactose-induced aging mice. D. nobile stems were extracted by ethanol to form the crude extract (EA), which was sequentially extracted by trichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol to yield the secondary extracts, named TCM, EAC, and NBA, respectively. EA, TCM, EAC and NBA were intragastrically administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. to the aging mice induced by D-galactose for 8 weeks. Results: Compared with the aging control group (AC), D. nobile extracts reduced body weight and lipid accumulation and enhanced endurance and immunity by increasing the index of the spleens and thymus. Meanwhile, D. nobile extracts showed antioxidant properties by lowering Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the skin, blood, liver, and brain. Furthermore, D. nobile extracts had a good protective effect on the cell structure and function against lesions of the skin, liver, brain, kidney, and ovary of aging mice. In particular, EA and EAC had better antioxidant and antiaging effects, suggesting that the most effective components were flavonoids and polyphenols that existed in EAC. Both EA and EAC downregulated the expression of aging-related genes such as Il1a, Il1b, Il1rn, Ccl3, Ccl4, Fos and Gck in the brain at the transcriptome level. Both EA and EAC reversed the increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio in aging mice, increased the abundance of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus and Muribaculum, and decreased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium and Brevibacterium. Conclusions: The EA and EAC extracts of D. nobile have better effects on immunity improvement, antioxidation and antiaging by remodelling the intestinal microecosystem and downregulating the expression of age-promoting genes in the brain. D. nobile, especially EA and EAC extracts, could be used as an antiaging drug or functional food.
Comparison of the Pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Variants by Analyzing the Expression Patterns of Immune Response Genes in K18-hACE2 Transgenic Mice
Authors: Kuruppuarachchi Kuruppu Arachchillage Praboda Priyangi , Jang Yunyueng , Seo Sang Heui
Published: November 2022

Background: The recently emerged variants of the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pose a threat to public health. Understanding the pathogenicity of these variants is a salient factor in the development of effective SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics. This study aimed to compare the expression patterns of genes involved in immune responses in K18-hACE2 mice infected with the wild-type, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants. Methods: K18-hACE2 mice were intranasally infected with either wild-type (B.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), or Omicron (B.1.1.529) variants. On day 6 post-infection, lung, brain, and kidney tissues were collected from each variant-infected group. The mRNA expression levels of 39 immune response genes in all three groups were compared by RT-qPCR. Viral titers were measured using the median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) assay and expressed as Log10 TCID50/0.1 g. The statistical significance of the differences in gene expression was determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (alpha = 0.05). Results: The expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) was upregulated in the lung and brain tissues of the wild-type- and Delta-infected groups but not in those of the Omicron-infected group. The highest expression of cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-17α, interferon, and tumor necrosis factors, was observed in the lungs of mice infected with the wild-type variant. Additionally, CCL4, CCL11, CXCL9, and CXCL10 were upregulated (>3-fold) in wild-type-infected mice, with markedly higher expressions in the brain than in the lungs. Most of the apoptotic factors were mainly expressed in the brain tissues of Omicron-infected mice (caspase 8, caspase 9, p53, Bax, Bak, BCL-2, and Bcl-XL), whereas neither the lung nor kidney showed more than 3-fold upregulation of these apoptotic factors. Conclusions: Collectively, our findings revealed that the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 variant exhibited the highest pathogenicity, followed by the Delta variant, then the Omicron variant.
Migration Capacity of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Towards Glioma
Authors: Yamamoto Taisuke , Koizumi Shinichiro , Oishi Tomoya , Horikawa Makoto , Asakawa Tetsuya , Yamasaki Tomohiro , Sameshima Tetsuro , Mitani Yasuyuki , Namba Hiroki , Kurozumi Kazuhiko
Published: November 2022

Background: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are a mesenchymal stem cell type and have recently attracted attention for their high proliferative rate, multipotency, and immunosuppressive properties. However, SHED have not yet been investigated for anticancer properties. We therefore investigated whether SHED can be used as a treatment modality, particularly for anti-glioma therapy. Methods: In vitro, we examined the mobility of SHED and their ability to migrate towards glioma-conditioned medium and specific growth factors secreted by malignant gliomas. In vivo, we transplanted SHED into the left hemisphere of nude mice that had been previously implanted with human malignant glioma U87 cells into the right hemisphere. We assessed whether SHED had tumorigenic potential. Results: SHED exhibited strong migration ability towards malignant glioma in both in vitro and in vivo assays. In vitro, SHED migrated towards glioma-conditioned medium and specific growth factors such as stem cell factor, platelet-derived growth factor BB, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12, and vascular endothelial growth factor. SHED were accumulated around tumor cells in the contralateral hemisphere 1 week after transplantation. Moreover, SHED remained in the brains of nude mice 150 days after transplantation. Finally, we verified that SHED had no malignant transformation or engraftment of SHED in the mouse brain. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that SHED can potentially be applied to track malignant glioma.
A Review of the Pathogenesis and Chinese Medicine Intervention of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Zhao Juanli , Yang Jie , Ding Li , Wang Fang , Lin Li
Published: November 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that is primary characterized as a cognitive disorder. Its pathology is characterized by the formation of senile plaques in the brain from amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, neuronal fibrillary tangles from hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregation, prolonged inflammatory responses, and neuronal death. The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of AD are complex, but aging is generally accepted as one of the most important contributing factors. In addition, there are several hypotheses, including the Aβ hypothesis based on amyloid plaques, the tau hypothesis based on neuronal fiber entanglement, the inflammation hypothesis based on long-term inflammatory responses causing brain damage, and the neuroprotection hypothesis based on synaptic dysfunction and neuronal death. Although the pathogenesis of AD has been broadly classified into four major hypotheses, there are multiple forms of interactions, which is one of the reasons for its complex pathogenesis. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown the important role of genes in AD, followed by brain damage, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity as risk factors for the disease. Despite years of research, several mysteries in AD remain unsolved. Drugs based on various pathogenetic hypotheses are being investigated in large numbers, but the effects are unsatisfactory. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has made excellent progress and is expected to provide a new possibility for AD treatment. In this review, we focus on the latest developments in studies on the risk factors—Aβ aggregates and related factors such as apolipoprotein E, synaptic loss, and fatty acids, and then present the progress in the research of TCM based on the above pathogenesis, intended to provide a research reference and treatment for AD.
Environmental Enrichment Protects Against Cognition Deficits Caused by Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
Authors: Tang Yi-Fei , Duan Ya-Jing , Ge Rui-Dong , Lu Xi , Gao Bei-Yao , Guo Jing-Wei , Jiang Shan
Published: November 2022

Background: One of the most serious complications of sepsis is sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), which impairs the cognition ability of survivors. Environmental enrichment (EE) has been demonstrated to alleviate cognition deficits under many kinds of brain injury conditions. However, EE’s effects on SAE remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine EE’s effect on cognition disorders under SAE conditions and the underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods: Adult male rats, subject to SAE or not, were housed under a standard environment (SE) or EE for 30 days. Subsequently, the rats were subjected to cognitive tests, such as the novel object recognition (NOR) test, the Morris water maze (MWM) test, an Open Field (OF) test, the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, and a sensory neglect (SN) test. Neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress changes in the brain were also detected. Results: The results revealed that SAE impaired somatesthesia, recognition memory, spatial learning and memory, and exploratory activity, which were significantly improved by EE housing. EE also prevented SAE-induced anxiety-like behavior. In addition, EE housing capable induced a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines, and an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant properties in the brain. Moreover, EE housing exerted an anti-apoptosis function by upregulating the level of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) level and downregulating the level of p53 level in the hippocampus. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that EE exerts a neuroprotective function on cognitive ability in SAE rats. The effect is achieved by increasing antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic capacities. EE can effectively rescue SAE-induced cognitive deficits.
Divergent Occurrence of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Carotid Arteries Plaques in Stable Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kolonko Aureliusz , Ficek Rafał , Styrc Beata , Sobolewski Michał , Stankowska Roksana , Chudek Jerzy , Więcek Andrzej
Published: November 2022

Background: Carotid atherosclerosis is one of the main cerebrovascular complications in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). We analyzed the relationships between carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and the occurrence and characteristics of carotid plaques in a cohort of KTRs. Methods: In 500 KTRs (aged 49.9 ± 12.0 years), IMT was measured and carotid plaques were semi-qualitatively assessed. Concomitantly, biochemical and hormonal inflammatory, vascular and calcium-phosphate metabolism parameters were also assessed. Results: In 10.2% of patients, a side-to-side IMT difference >0.1 mm was observed, whereas 26.8% of patients with no plaques in one carotid artery had at least one contralateral calcified plaque. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (rpartial = 0.409; p < 0.001), male sex (rpartial = 0.199; p < 0.001), and coronary artery disease (rpartial = 0.139; p < 0.01) independently increased IMT (R2 = 0.25). For the occurrence of calcified carotid plaques, age (rpartial = 0.544; p < 0.001), male gender (rpartial = 0.127; p < 0.05), and the duration of renal insufficiency prior to transplantation (rpartial = 0.235; p < 0.001) were confirmed as independent variables. Conclusions: Substantial side-to-side differences in IMT values and carotid plaques distribution are present in a large percentage of stable KTRs. In addition, there are different clinical risk factors profiles associated with IMT and the presence of calcified plaques. Vascular and calcium-phosphate metabolism biomarkers were not associated with any carotid atherosclerosis characteristics.
Tinjauan Kepatuhan Kewajiban Pajak Penghasilan UMKM Kuliner Malam di Wilayah KPP Pratama Madiun
Authors: Sukma Salsabela Sakina , Kuncoro Antonius Ragil
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau tingkat kepatuhan pajak penghasilan Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) kuliner malam di wilayah KPP Pratama Madiun, termasuk motif dibalik kepatuhan atau ketidakpatuhan mereka dan kendala serta solusi yang dilakukan KPP Pratama Madiun dalam hal pemajakan UMKM kuliner malam. Karya tulis ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepatuhan UMKM Kuliner Malam sangat minim, hanya satu dari delapan yang melakukan kewajiban mendaftarkan diri, membayar, dan melapor. Motif yang memengaruhi ketidakpatuhan umumnya dikarenakan kurangnya pemahaman serta banyak pengusaha ingin memenuhi kewajiban perpajakan bila ada kesetaraan sosial untuk seluruh perusahaan sejenis, sedangkan untuk wajib pajak yang patuh umumnya disebabkan karena dorongan dalam diri. Dalam hal kendala yang dihadapi KPP Pratama madiun adalah kurangnya kesadaran para pengusaha, oleh karena itu fiskus berusaha melakukan pendekatan dengan memperbanyak kegiatan di lapangan.
Learning Style Preferences, Study Habits, and Academic Performance in Mathematics: Perspectives of Freshmen College Students amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cuizon Kate Angelli D. , De Luna Fiona Ysabella Z. , Natividad Anne Gwyneth E. , Ortiz Justine Z. , Osorio Lynie V. , Juan Kyla Bianca T. San , Punzalan Christopher Habunatalia
Published: November 2022

Students can attain higher academic comprehension and performance by using instructional tactics and approaches that naturally match their interests. Researchers investigated potential learning gaps that could occur due to disparities in students' learning abilities. As a result, this study determined students' preferred learning styles, study habits, and academic achievement in mathematics as a general education course. A total of 100 freshmen college students were non-randomly recruited for this study, which used a quantitative descriptive approach. The study adopted the Reid Perceptual Learning Style Questionnaire and Gilbert Wrenn's Inventory of Study Habits as tools for data collection. Furthermore, descriptive statistics such as mean, ANOVA, and Post-hoc Tukey HSD Test were used to investigate freshmen college students' preferred learning styles, study habits, and academic performance in mathematics. The survey's findings revealed that students favor the tactile, group, and individual learning styles as minor learning modes, despite having poor study habits. A high level of academic achievement was also revealed. Gender and course caused significant disparities in their study habits, according to a test of difference. When categorized by profile factors, no significant variations in learning styles or academic achievement were discovered. The study's recommendations can help teachers and future researchers develop and implement educational interventions.
Students’ engagement in learning by indigenous knowledge-chemistry lesson
Authors: Anor Charity Esenam , Lundell Jan , Hanson Ruby , Oppong Emmanuel
Published: November 2022

This study was aimed at assessing students’ engagement in an integrated indigenous knowledge-chemistry lesson (IIK-CL) designed using the processes involved in cassava dough production. The paper focuses on the behavioural, emotional and cognitive engagement and their impact on students’ construction of knowledge of the factors affecting rate of chemical reactions. The study was conducted in Swedru senior high school in the Agona East municipality of the Central Region of Ghana. A purposively sampled intact class of 26 students aged between 14 and 18 years formed the study. The control group for this study encompassed also 26 students randomly sampled from the remaining chemistry classes in the same grade as the study group. The IIK-CL, which employed the use of field trip and other interactive learning activities, was used to engage students in the learning concept. A quantitative research approach was used. Data before and after students’ engagement in the IIK-CL were collected using questionnaires and an observational schedule. The IIK-CL recorded a significant level of behavioural, emotional and cognitive student engagement. This implies that students are most likely to be engaged in lessons that are relevant to their everyday lives thereby helping them in constructing understanding of scientific concept in their personal context.
Examining graphic drawing skills for a socioscientific problem situation
Authors: Yurtyapan Mehmet İhsan , Kaleli Yılmaz Gül
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study is to examine the graphing skills of prospective elementary mathematics teachers for a socioscientific problem situation related to Covid-19. The research is a qualitative research and was carried out with the case study method.The participants consisted of 43 prospective elementary mathematics teachers studying in the third year of a state university in Turkey.  Typical case sampling, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used to determine the participants. In the research, an open-ended question that requires drawing three graphs with vital aspects based on a socio-scientific situation-based scenario was used as a data collection tool. Data analysis consists of two stages. First, the graphs drawn by the prospective elementary mathematics teachers were scored with the descriptive analysis method.Then, the errors in the graphics drawn using the content analysis method were grouped and determined. When the data were analyzed, it was observed that a significant portion of prospective elementary mathematics teachers had deficiencies in their ability to draw graphs about the problem situation in the context of Covid-19. For this reason, when teaching graphics, drawing activities that require more context-based qualitative understanding or technology-assisted teaching applications can be used.
Erasure of public debt as a way of improving politics
Authors: Tabaee Damavandi Pardis
Published: November 2022

a short perspective
Adult Playfulness: Finnish Teachers Evaluating Their Own Playfulness
Authors: Siklander Signe Pirkko Auroora , Kangas Marjaana , Randolph Justus
Published: November 2022

Teachers need playfulness when designing teaching and learning processes. Acknowledging their playfulness as a pedagogical competence is important. Playfulness as a personality trait and as a quality of activities is studied in children but less often in teachers. To explore teachers’ playfulness, we used a Finnish language version of Staempfi’s (2005) Adolescent Playfulness Scale (APS). In Staempfli’s instrument, the constructs measured are Physical Animation, Social Engagement, Mental Spontaneity, Emotional Fluidity and Humorous Perspective. The participants (N = 123) were professional teachers, retired teachers and pre-service teachers in different educational fields. A multivariate analysis was conducted on the APS subscales to examine the influence of gender and age. Educators evaluated themselves as being high in playfulness. Playfulness was mainly consistent between different age groups and females’ emotional fluidity was a bit higher than males. The study provides knowledge about teachers’ playfulness, and results have valuable implications for teacher education and teacher work.
Prediction of mental well-being from individual characteristics and circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Harris Carl , Farmer Cristan , Atlas Lauren Yvette , Gibbons Allie , Shaw Jacob D. , Chung Joyce , Pereira Francisco
Published: November 2022

The “Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on NIMH Patients and Volunteers” studywas a longitudinal study launched in spring 2020 by researchers at NIMH, to investigate the effect of the emerging COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. For each participant, the study collected personal characteristics, such as demographics, psychological traits, and clinical history, together with personal circumstances at regular intervals during their enrollment in the study. In this paper, we examine the degree to which a variety of mental health outcomes over time for an individual can be predicted from personal characteristics and their changing circumstances, using regression models trained on other study participants.We find that it is possible to predict the variation of a participant's mental health outcomes from time point to time point, for most of the outcomes we consider. This capability is dominated by information about the primary outcome measures that were collected at the time of study enrollment but can be improved by considering personal characteristics and circumstances.
A comparison of live fire, 2D video, and virtual reality simulations for judgemental training in the military
Authors: Harris David , Arthur Tom , Kearse James , Olonilua Mayowa , Hassan Eleanor K , de Burgh Toby , Wilson Mark , Vine Samuel James
Published: November 2022

Simulation methods, including physical synthetic environments, already play a substantial role in human skills training in the military and are commonly used for developing situational awareness and judgemental skills. The rapid development of virtual reality technologies has provided a new opportunity for performing this type of training, but before VR can be adopted as part of mandatory training it should be subjected to rigorous tests of its suitability and effectiveness. In this work, we adopted established methods for testing the fidelity and validity of simulated environments to compare three different methods of judgemental training. Thirty-nine dismounted close combat troops from the UK’s Royal Air Force completed shoot/don’t-shoot judgemental tasks in: i) live-fire; ii) virtual reality; and iii) 2D video simulation conditions. A range of shooting accuracy and decision-making metrics were recorded from all three environments. The results showed that 2D video simulation posed little decision-making challenge during training. Decision-making performance across live fire and virtual reality simulations was comparable but the two may offer slightly different, and perhaps complementary, methods of training judgemental skills. Different types of simulation should, therefore, be selected carefully to address the exact training need.
The effects of incorporating metacognitive strategies instruction into collaborative writing on writing complexity, accuracy, and fluency
Authors: Teng Mark Feng
Published: November 2022

Previous studies have explored the roles of metacognitive instruction and collaborative writing, separately, in English writing. Little attention has been paid to students’ writing complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF). The present study aims to bridge this gap through investigating inte- grated writing performances based on the linguistic features of CAF. The focus was on four groups: metacognitive instruction in a collaborative- writing setting (n = 84), metacognitive instruction in an individual setting (n = 88), collaborative writing (n = 96), and individual writing (n = 84). The formation of the four instructional groups was based on the combination of the components: Metacognitive training and collaborative/individua- lized writing condition. All participants were Chinese tertiary-level EFL students. They were asked to complete an argumentative essay, following which the learners in the four groups were assessed and compared in terms of CAF. The results based on MANOVA revealed that the interplay of metacognitive instruction and collaborative writing exerted a positive influence on writing accuracy, but not on fluency and complexity. The transcripts based on pair dialogues illuminated the writing process and the language-related episodes. The present study provides theoretical and practical implications for metacognitive instruction and collaborative writing. The findings exemplify writing CAF.
Psychological Underpinnings of Disinformation Countermeasures: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Ziemer Carolin-Theresa , Rothmund Tobias
Published: November 2022

There has been a substantial scholarly effort to (a) investigate the psychological underpinnings of disinformation susceptibility, and (b) develop interventions that hamper their credibility and spread. However, a systematic review of intervention research is still lacking. We conducted a systematic scoping review of psychological interventions to counteract disinformation (N = 176) and categorized boosting, inoculation, identity management, nudging, and fact-checking interventions. We examined how these interventions are theoretically derived from the two most prominent psychological accounts for disinformation susceptibility: classical and motivated reasoning. Most studies focused on fact-checking interventions, have been poorly linked to basic psychological theory and are not geared towards reducing motivated reasoning. Based on our review, we outline future avenues for research on psychological countermeasures against disinformation.
Multi-tiered systems of educator professional development: A systematic literature review of responsive, tiered professional development models
Authors: Bloomfield Bradley Scott , Fox Russell A. , Leif Erin S.
Published: November 2022

Teachers and clinicians report feeling underprepared to implement evidence-based behavior supports. As such, effective models of professional development that lead to improved outcomes for all individuals are required. Critical components of high-quality professional development include explicit instruction, modeling, practice, direct feedback, and, potentially, individual coaching. However, delivering all components may be time- and resource-intensive. Professional development approaches that extend the tiered logic of multi-tiered systems of support to adult learning may address these challenges. In such models, universal professional development is provided to whole-staff groups on specific skills using explicit instruction, modeling, practice, and feedback. Data are then collected and used to inform targeted, individualized supports. The current systematic literature review addressed a gap in the literature by identifying, summarizing, and appraising 20 published studies that examined tiered, responsive professional development models. While consistent practices were identified (e.g., group didactic training at Tier 1 and coaching at Tiers 2 and 3), the form and shape of specific interventions at each tier differed across studies. The same was observed in the data-based decision-making processes employed to determine the need for additional trainee support. Practical implications to inform the ongoing examination of tiered responsive professional development models are discussed.
Public participation in China and the West
Authors: Gil Olga
Published: November 2022

This work shows differences in public participation in China and Western countries, conceptually and empirically. To do so, the different philosophical and public administration traditions are outlined. Main contributions are tables and dashboards that allow for general comparisons and to differentiate contexts in both political settings, and are useful for other settings. The tables included are: 1) Main features of context in China, 2) Deliberative democracy, 3) Main features of context in the west, 4) The Gil Dashboard, helping to outline the endogenous foundations for change both in China and the West.
The effect of real-world proactive policing on crime
Authors: Carter Travis , Wolfe Scott
Published: November 2022

This study expands research that analyzes the relationship between proactive policing and crime by assessing this dynamic association over several years, at a large jurisdictional level, and across multiple types of crime and proactivity. Cross-lagged panel modeling techniques are used to assess the dynamic relationship between rates of proactivity and crime within police beats in Seattle, WA from 2014-2019. Results indicate that rates of proactivity a year ago are associated with crime rates the following year. However, the relationship between proactivity and crime is highly dependent on the type of proactive strategy employed and the type of crime. This relationship can depend on the rates of overall enforcement as well. This study advances our understanding of the effect of policing on crime by focusing on everyday proactive policing activities rather than intervention-based initiatives that dominant the literature base.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS
Authors: Pupynina Elena , Vorobyova Natalia
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The economic development of a country is largely determined by the state of its constituent territories. Priority in this regard is given to rural settlements that have serious economic, natural, demographic, ecological and spiritual and moral potential, ensuring their sustainable development, decent standard and quality of life of the rural population. The aim of the article is the research of actual problems of rural territories and substantiation of prospects of their socio-economic development. Methodology. For the review, articles by domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of rural development and statistical data were used. Results. Based on the study of the work of experts, the main problems of modern rural areas have been identified. The article presents measures for further development of the object of research. It is revealed that it is impossible without the support of the state, whose participation should be aimed at the development of agro-industrial production and the solution of social problems of villagers. Conclusions. The conducted research allows us to determine the causes of the problems of the village, the main directions of their solution. The results can serve as a basis for specifying activities in relation to individual regions of the country.
Methodology for the evaluation of media literacy in children and youth. Recommendations and trends
Authors: Fernandes Patricia , Matos Armanda P. M. , Festas Isabel
Published: November 2022

In the current communicational scenario, transformed by technological and digital advances, media literacy is considered a crucial competence for active and informed participation in society. In this context, the main objective of this study was to assess the media literacy competences of 416 students of the 4th, 6th, and 9th grades in Portugal, identifying training needs and presenting suggestions for intervention. A non-experimental quantitative methodology was used, and the participants completed a self-response questionnaire. The results indicate that the three grades studied have a transversal need regarding the use of media, the production of media content, and participation in society through the media, and also regarding the analysis, understanding, and assessment of media content. We confirm the importance of media education in the development of media literacy and present some intervention suggestions for the promotion of these competences in the school context, namely the reinforcement of some curricular content, the use of guiding documents, and the development of critical thinking. We emphasize the importance of training teachers and parents on the subject, and finally, we also emphasize the importance of deconstructing the belief that digital natives have natural competences in this regard and therefore do not need training in this area.
Integrated research model for web interfaces: toward a taxonomy of quantitative and qualitative analysis for digital native media
Authors: Tejedor Santiago , Romero-Rodríguez Luis M. , Codina Lluís
Published: November 2022

In a context marked by the emergence of new platforms and interfaces, digital native media face the challenge of organizing and presenting their content in an effective and eloquent way. This milestone requires ongoing work toward the identification and conceptualization of the dimensions that map the structural and formal requirements necessary for fluid communication with audiences and adequate visibility in the digital ecosystem. This study, which adopts a quantitative–qualitative methodological design, proposes, describes, and applies a taxonomy for the analysis of digital media web interfaces. Based on a review of the literature, two rounds of expert judgment, and a pilot test, the research identifies 14 thematic dimensions, 36 indicators, and 69 variables. The study focuses on the importance of renewing research about taxonomy related to structural dimensions that address narrative, quality, usability, information search, and content redissemination and socialization, among other aspects. The study of web interfaces applied to journalism demands long-term research work with a holistic approach that, at a conceptual and practical level, can offer proposals for analysis and diagnosis on the basis of an integrated method.
The development of the verbal counting system: from non-verbal to verbal tallies
Authors: Corre Mathieu Le
Published: November 2022

Humans are born with not one but two systems that create representations with numerical content. Unlike verbal counting, neither of them defines numerical symbols in terms of their positions in an ordered list. Together with other considerations, this led many to believe that, when children learn how to use counting to define number word meanings, they solve what seems like an impossible problem: they learn numerical principles that cannot be defined in terms of the numerical representations available to them at the time. We propose that there may be more continuity between what children learn when they learn how to use counting to define number word meanings and some of the principles available to them prior to language learning than previous researchers have thought. Specifically, we propose that children learn how to use counting to define number word meanings by thinking that counting is a tallying system just like one of the two core number systems – namely, parallel individuation (which we refer to as “mental tallies”). That is, when they learn the verbal counting system, children learn to define the meaning of expressions like “n X’s” where n is a number word (e.g., “five”) and X is a noun phrase (e.g., “old chairs that come from Sweden”) as a collection of Xs that match one to one with a count that ends with “n.” We argue that this view of the acquisition of the meaning of number words and counting provides a better account of the way non-verbal representations of number are integrated with verbal counting and of children’s knowledge of the meaning of number words both before and after they learn how verbal counting represents numbers than any other view proposed before.
Linguística, línguas indígenas e temas de análise sob uma ótica formal
Authors: Soares Marília Facó , Uller Claudia
Published: November 2022

Ao levar em consideração as línguas indígenas e a própria Linguística, este número da Revista Linguística coloca à disposição dos leitores diálogos internos à Linguística e aqueles que, dando-se entre a Linguística e outras ciências, podem beneficiar não somente análises em curso sob a perspectiva formal, mas também dar margem a reinterpretações ou tratamentos angulados formalmente. Apresentamos a seguir os movimentos internos a cada artigo constante deste número e a sua contribuição.
Soviet social philosophy: escape from the frame of historical materialism. Part I
Authors: Yashchuk Tamara , Khoma Vsevolod
Published: November 2022

Interview of Vsevolod Khoma with Professor Tamara Yashchuk within the framework of the research program “Ukrainian Philosophy of the 60s-80s of the 20th Century” of the Student Society of Oral History of Philosophy.
La distraction pendant les soins, pensée par les parents d’enfants pris en charge en oncologie
Authors: Rivollet S. , Dauchy S. , Bonnefont P. , Simonds C. , Dufour C. , Valteau-Couanet D. , Le-Provost J.-B. , Fasse L.
Published: November 2022

Les enfants en cours de traitements oncologiques sont amenés à supporter des soins récurrents qui peuvent être douloureux et/ou anxiogènes. Pour pallier cette difficulté, un dispositif original a été mis en place dans un service d’oncologie pédiatrique. Cet article décrit ce groupe pour les parents, coanimé par un comédien-clown et un soignant du service ; ils encadrent une réflexion autour de la distraction à l’hôpital et plus particulièrement au moment des soins infirmiers ou examens médicaux. Les qualités d’un tel dispositif sont soulignées ; valorisation des compétences parentales, plaisir de jouer, cocréation d’un espace de distraction.
Étude sur les inquiétudes parentales et ses facteurs associés dans le cadre de la rémission d’un cancer pédiatrique
Authors: Vander Haegen M. , Etienne A.-M.
Published: November 2022

Introduction : Les études sur les inquiétudes et la détresse des parents d’un enfant en rémission de cancer sont moins développées dans la littérature. L’objectif de l’étude est d’examiner l’intensité des inquiétudes ainsi que ses associations avec le facteur d’intolérance à l’incertitude (II) et les symptômes anxiodépressifs.

Méthodes : Soixante et un parents d’enfants en rémission de cancer (de quatre à six ans de rémission) ont participé à l’étude. Les parents ont rempli plusieurs questionnaires évaluant les inquiétudes, l’II et les symptômes anxiodépressifs.

Résultats : Les parents présentent majoritairement des symptômes anxieux et des inquiétudes intenses relatives à l’évolution de la santé de leur enfant en rémission de cancer. Le facteur d’II semble contribuer à expliquer l’intensité des inquiétudes parentales.

Conclusion : Des recommandations ont été publiées concernant la prise en charge des parents d’un enfant en rémission de cancer, mais des études longitudinales centrées sur le parent sont encore nécessaires afin d’améliorer les initiatives de prévention et de prise en charge de ces familles.
Current legal issues of investments in the sphere of military-technical cooperation
Authors: Kudashkin Vladimir V.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to studying the pressing legal questions of investments, transferring of licenses to a foreign state to manufacture Russian military products, joint ventures and acquisition of shares in such ventures in a foreign state, analysis of legal regime of investment services in the sphere of military-technical cooperation. The article pays a particular attention to the scope of terms “investment” and “investment service” because of the different administrative law regimes regarding their civilian and foreign trade turnover established by the state
EDUKASI DAN EVALUASI TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN WARGA SEKITAR MASJID DI DAERAH PEKALONGAN BARAT MENGENAI PENGGUNAAN HANDSANITIZER GUNA PENCEGAHAN COVID-19
Authors: Khasanah Kharismatul , Anindhita Metha Anung , Desiani Ekanita , Rusmalina Siska
Published: November 2022

Corona virus or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus that attacks the respiratory system. The disease due to this infection is called COVID-19. Corona virus can cause respiratory system disorders, acute pneumonia, and death. Prevention of coronavirus can be started from ourself. One of the things that can we do is to know the current information about the Covid-19 pandemic on the WHO website and through public health authorities. WHO advises all of us to avoid novel Covid-19 virus infection by maintaining our health and protecting others.One of them is by doing hand washing using a handsanitizer. These handsanitizers are a new habit and need to be done consistently. In order to prevent the maximum transmission, we must use a handsanitizer appropriately. It is intended that the worship process at the mosque can continue and also to prevent the transmission of Covid-19. This method of community service is the manufacture and distribution of handsanitizer and education of the use of a good and correct handsanitizer to the residents around the mosque. The Community Service Activities Program carried out can provide benefits to the community in the knowledge of using Handsanitizer correctly in preventing the transmission of novelcorona virus (Covid-19).

 

Keyword : Covid-19, Handsanitizer, prevention
PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PASIEN COVID-19 DI RUMAH SAKIT ‘X” KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Ningrum Erna Prasetya , Pratiwi Arik Dian Eka , Adhityasmara Dhimas
Published: November 2022

Penyakit Covid-19 diawali dengan munculnya kasus pneumonia yang tidak diketahui etiologinya di Wuhan, China. Penyebab kasus Covid-19 kemudian diberi nama SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). Kasus Covid-19 di Indonesia pertama kali pada bulan Maret, dan terus meningkat. Pemerintah berupaya untuk mengendalikan penyebaran penyakit dan menekan angka kematian akibat Covid-19. Terapi Covid-19 salah satunya menggunakan antibiotika selain antivirus, vitamin, dan obat yang lainnya. Terkait antibiotika yang digunakan pada terapi menggunakan secara tunggal dan kombinasi. Tujuan penelitian secara umum untuk mengetahui berapa banyak pasien Covid-19 dilihat dari jenis kelamin, usia dan diagnose, secara khusus untuk mengetahui penggunaan antibiotika dilihat dari jenis antibiotika yang digunakan, dosis pemberian secara tunggal atau gabungan pemberian antibiotika tersebut. Pengambilan data penelitian dilakukan secara purpose sampling dan data yang didapat merupakan data retrospektif. Kriteria sampel penelitian yaitu semua usia yang didiagnosa Covid-19 komplikasi atau tidak dan pulang dalam keadaan sembuh. Hasil penelitian pasien Covid-19 didapatkan terkait jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 67 % dan perempuan sebanyak 33 %. Covid-19 banyak menyerang pasien pada usia 18-50 tahun sebesar 47%. Diagnosa pada pasien Covid-19 dengan adanya komplikasi yang paling banyak dengan Pneumonia sebanyak 20,9% dan Hipertensi sebesar 10,5%. Berdasarkan penggunaan antibiotika tunggal sebesar 55,8%, dan jenis antibiotika yang paling banyak digunakan moxifloxacin sebesar 32,3% dengan dosis 400 mg sebesar 31,3%. Kata kunci : obat, jenis antibiotika, dosis
Abseits des neoliberalen Pfads
Authors: Syrovatka Felix
Published: November 2022

Ein europäischer Mindestlohn war eine langjährige Forderung der europäischen Linken. Nun hat die Europäische Union eine Richtlinie erlassen, die konkrete Kriterien für die Berechnung der nationalen Mindestlöhne aufstellt und darüber hinaus verschiedene Regelungen zur Stärkung der Tarifbindung und zum Schutz von Gewerkschaften beinhaltet. Vor dem Hintergrund der tiefen Legitimationskrise der EU und den geopolitischen Verschiebungen stellt die Mindestlohnrichtlinie eine elementare Kehrtwende in der EU-Arbeitspolitik dar, die sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten vor allem durch eine marktschaffende Stoßrichtung charakterisieren ließ.
Boletín Económico Regional. Eje Cafetero III trimestre de 2022
Authors: Mora-Pérez Dora Alicia , Rodríguez-Hernández, Diego Hernán , López-Soto Ana María , González-Lozano Bernardo , Agudelo-Vanegas Fabio Alberto , Gutiérrez Arango Luis Alberto
Published: November 2022

En el tercer trimestre de 2022, la actividad económica del Eje Cafetero mostró un menor ritmo de crecimiento anual en varios de sus indicadores. Aminoró la dinámica del comercio interno de la región y la ocupación hotelera, así como la industria, particularmente de Risaralda, el transporte de pasajeros y la movilización de mercancía; y en la parte pecuaria, el sacrificio de ganado bovino y porcino. Por su parte, se presentaron caídas en construcción, particularmente en despachos de cemento y venta de vivienda nueva, en comercio de vehículos y motos, en agropecuario en el acopio de leche y abastecimiento de productos agrícolas, y en la producción industrial en el caso de Caldas. En comercio exterior las exportaciones e importaciones crecieron en menor escala. En cuanto a la inflación, para las tres ciudades de la región continuó la tendencia ascendente, mientras la tasa de desempleo descendió en dos de ellas.
Pengendalian Bahaya K3 Menggunakan Metode Hirarc di Bengkel Las Bintang Jaya Steel Sidosari, Krajan, Sukoharjo
Authors: Wisudawati Tri
Published: November 2022

c.     Peran sumber daya manusia merupakan modal dasar dalam penentuan tujuan tempat usaha. Tanpa peran sumber daya manusia, kegiatan dalam perusahaan tidak akan berjalan lancar. Setiap tempat usaha selalu memiliki risiko terjadinya kecelakaan. Kecelakaan akibat kerja merupakan kecelakaan yang terjadi dikarenakan oleh pekerjaan atau pada waktu melaksanakan pekerjaan. Ada dua faktor penyebab kecelakaan kerja, yaitu tindakan manusia yang tidak aman (unsafe condition) dan tindakan manusia yang tidak memenuhi keselamatan kerja (unsafe act). Banyak UMKM yang belum menerapkan K3 di tempat usahanya sehingga bisa mengakibatkan kecelakaan kerja  dan membuat tujuan serta aktivitas pekerjaan tidak bisa berjalan dengan baik. Penerapan K3 sangatlah penting diterapkan di UMKM mengingat sumber daya manusia sangatlah penting dalam aktivitas pekerjaan. Dengan menerapkan manajemen K3, UMKM dapat meminimalisir kecelakaan kerja sehingga tujuan usaha dapat tercapai dengan baik.Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengendalian bahaya K3 menggunakan metode HIRARC untuk pegawai di UMKM Las. Peneltian menggunakan metode survey dan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada pegawai las dan pemilik usaha. Dari penelitian didapatkan aktivitas proses pengelasan memiliki tingkat risiko sebesar 16 dan 20 yang artinya tingkat risiko tinggi. Pengendalian risiko dengan cara menekan likelihood dan menekan severity Total tingkat risiko pada proses pemgelasan dari awal sampai akhir yaitu 37% Low Risk, 46% Moderate Risk, 17% High Risk. Pengendalian bahaya di lingkungan kerja bengkel las menggunakan metode HIRARC ini bisa diterapkan untuk bengkel las yang memiliki aktivitas yang sama mulai dari tahap persiapan, tahap proses, dan tahap penyelesaian sehingga dapat dijadikan referensi terkait pengendalian bahaya dan risiko