bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El rol del ejercicio físico en la nicturia de los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple
Authors: Dawley Sandoval Katherine , Rojas Sánchez Christian , Suárez Sánchez Sofía
Published: August 2020

La esclerosis múltiple es la enfermedad crónica, inflamatoria y neurodegenerativa más prevalente del sistema nervioso central; la cual desarrolla lesiones desmielinizantes. El déficit a nivel de tracto urinario bajo en los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple, ocurre cuando la médula espinal se encuentra involucrada en la patología; y la nicturia, es uno de los principales síntomas urinarios que poseen estos pacientes. La actividad física y el ejercicio son potenciales terapias no farmacológicas que modulan el desarrollo de los síntomas y la progresión de la patología. El ejercicio físico regular corresponde a un elemento fundamental de la estrategia terapéutica de los pacientes con Esclerosis múltiple y nicturia. Se ha reportado una disminución de los episodios miccionales nocturnos en los pacientes que implementan un régimen de ejercicio físico.
Abordaje del nódulo tiroideo en pediatría
Authors: Salazar Campos Natalia , Calderón Gómez María José , Arias Vargas Rebeca
Published: August 2020

Los nódulos tiroideos son un hallazgo clínico frecuente en la población general, se pueden presentar como un hallazgo incidental, sin ningún síntoma clínico asociado, representando un reto diagnóstico. Son la forma de presentación clínica más común del cáncer tiroideo en pediatría. Su diagnóstico se basa en los hallazgos clínicos y ecográficos, y se confirma mediante resultado de biopsia con punción-aspiración con aguja fina. El tratamiento se define a partir de la estratifición del riesgo de malignidad las opciones a seguir, incluyen manejo quirúrgico mediante lobectomía o tiroidectomía,   seguimiento de cerca mediante ultrasonido, o repetir la biopsia.
Generalidades del vitíligo
Authors: Fernández Paniagua Dallana , Valdés Esquivel Joselyn , Valverde Madriz Pamela
Published: August 2020

El vitíligo es una hipomelanosis adquirida de causa autoimmune asociada a componentes genéticos, cuya expresión usualmente es desencadenada por factores ambientales. Su clínica típica, de máculas hipocrómicas o acrómicas con comportamiento progresivo, lo convierte en una patología de relativamente fácil diagnóstico. El vitíligo usualmente afecta áreas visibles del cuerpo dando un gran impacto emocional, por lo que la terapia psicológica es parte fundamental en el manejo de los pacientes. El tratamiento del vitíligo se orienta a detener la progresión de la enfermedad, favorecer la repigmentación y evitar recaídas mediante el uso de esteroides tópicos, sistémicos o fototerapia, con el objetivo final de mejorar la calidad de vida los pacientes.
Intoxicación por organofosforados
Authors: Orias Vásquez Mary
Published: August 2020

Los organofosforados son uno de los insecticidas más utilizados en la agricultura y en el uso doméstico, las intoxicaciones ocurren por exposición ocupacional y por ingesta voluntaria. Actúa desarrollando su toxicidad en las terminaciones nerviosas a través de la hidrolisis de acetilcolina, enzima encargada de hidrolizar el acetil colina. El cuadro clínico genera un síndrome característico, con síntomas colinérgicos (broncorrea, salivación, lagrimeo, broncoespasmo, defecación, emesis, miosis, entre otro) producto a la estimulación de los receptores de muscarínicos y nicotínicos. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante la historia clínica y el examen físico. De manera adicional, se puede ayudar con exámenes de gabinete como la detección de metabolitos en la orina. Actualmente el tratamiento incluye medidas de descontaminación, soporte ventilatorio, y tratamiento farmacológico, que incluye el uso de la atropina, pralidoxima y diazepam. Además, se apoya en el uso de ruibarbo como adyuvante. El manejo adecuado de estos pacientes puede significar la diferencia entre la vida y muerte, por lo cual es importante que todo el personal de emergencia este capacitado para reconocer el cuadro clínica.
Sífilis: abordaje clínico y terapéutico en primer nivel de atención
Authors: Pereira Rodríguez Yuliana , Pereira Calvo Javier , Quirós Figueroa Luis
Published: August 2020

La sífilis es una infección bacteriana causada por Treponema pallidum, se transmite principalmente por vía sexual. La enfermedad tiene importancia no solo clínica sino también de salud pública, debido a su frecuencia. Las manifestaciones clínicas son muy variadas y van desde una úlcera o chancro hasta lesiones cutáneas diseminadas, cardiovasculares, neurológicas, oftalmológicas o articulares.  Sin tratamiento, la enfermedad progresa durante años y puede provocar complicaciones neurológicas y cardíacas. El diagnóstico se basa principalmente en las manifestaciones clínicas e interpretación de pruebas serológicas. A pesar de su antigüedad, los principios del tratamiento han permanecido estables hasta la actualidad. La penicilina es el tratamiento de elección. La respuesta al tratamiento se determina en base a los cambios de los títulos de anticuerpos durante meses tras el tratamiento.
Síndrome de Lambert-Eaton paraneoplásico en carcinoma de células pequeñas de pulmón
Authors: González-Houdelath Karolina , Varela Moreno Ana Cristina , Barrantes Astorga Gerald Josué
Published: August 2020

El síndrome miasténico de Lambert Eaton es una patología autoinmune paraneoplásica asociada mayormente a cáncer de pulmón, que se manifiesta con afectación de la unión neuromuscular y disfunciones autonómicas. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 58 años quien fue diagnosticada con cáncer de pulmón de células pequeñas y que posteriormente presentó la tríada clásica de síndrome miasténico de Lambert Eaton (debilidad proximal de miembros inferiores, disfunción autonómica e hiporreflexia). Se abordó mediante pruebas neurofisiológicas (electromiografía), confirmando su diagnóstico en asociación con el cuadro clínico. El caso presentado a continuación destaca la asociación de neoplasias pulmonares con el diagnóstico de síndrome miasténico de Lambert Eaton y la mejoría de los síntomas gracias al tratamiento sintomático y oncológico.
POWER GEOMETRY IN LOCAL RESOLUTION OF SINGULARITIES OF AN ALGEBRAIC CURVE
Authors: Akhmadjon Soleev
Published: August 2020

The main goal of this work is to provide a consistent set of general-purpose algorithms for analyzing singularities applicable to all types of equations. We present the main ideas and algorithms of power geometry and give an overview of some of its applications. We also present a procedure that allows us to distinguish all branches of a spatial curve near a singular point and calculate the parametric appearance of these branches with any degree of accuracy. For a specific case, we show how this algorithm works.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ОЩАДЛИВОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЮ ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЮ БУДІВЕЛЬНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Kutsenko Maryna , Boiko Yevheniya
Published: August 2020

Стаття присвячена обґрунтуванню необхідності впровадження технології економного виробництва на будівельному підприємстві. Розглянуто доцільність застосування концепції пісного виробництва як інструменту управління економічною ефективністю підприємства в будівельній галузі. У цій роботі розкрито значення поняття худого виробництва, описано мету та спосіб його реалізації. Узагальнено види втрат при реалізації інвестиційних та будівельних проектів, які необхідно мінімізувати для підвищення економічної ефективності будівельної компанії, а саме: втрати через перевиробництво, втрата часу через очікування, втрати через непотрібне транспортування, втрати через непотрібну обробку, втрати через непотрібні запаси, втрати через надання неякісних послуг, втрати через ігнорування людського фактору. Розкрито зміст перелічених збитків та яку загрозу вони представляють для діяльності будівельного підприємства. Принципи економного виробництва будівельної компанії, яких необхідно дотримуватися при організації будівельного процесу: визначення вартості, визначення потоку створення вартості, забезпечення потоку, "видобуток" продукту та кайзену. Саме застосування концепції бережливого виробництва в управлінні інвестиційними та будівельними проектами підвищить економічну ефективність та конкурентоспроможність будівельної компанії.
FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF TONSILLITIS IN CHILDREN INFECTED WITH THE HERPES VIRUS
Authors: Olkhovska V.M.  , Filatova A. А.  , Yeloyeva Z. V.
Published: August 2020

The article presents the features of the clinical course of tonsillitis caused by hemolytic streptococcus in children infected with human herpes simplex virus type 6 (HHV 6). It was revealed that tonsillitis in children with background infection with HHV 6 is characterized by a prolonged course, prolonged maintenance of fever, impaired general condition, the presence of signs of hepatomegaly and regional lymphadenitis, and as a result, a longer stay of such patients in the hospital. The characteristic clinical and laboratory features of tonsillitis in children infected with HHV 6 include the presence in the debut of the disease subfebrile body temperature, regional lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, thrombocytopenia, signs of a parenchymal reaction of the liver and mesadenitis. Latent HHV 6 infection in children affects the frequency of registration and the duration of certain symptoms of tonsillitis.
PHYSICAL THERAPY OPTIONS FOR THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: Mihaylova Mariyana
Published: August 2020

There’s a global trend observed in the recent decades of increasing number of people suffering from osteoporosis.Alarming is the fact that osteoporotic fractures are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, especially in developed countries.The possibilities offered by physical therapy for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis still do not have the necessary popularity among the healthcare professionals and the affected persons.The purpose of this review is to look at the options for treating and preventing osteoporosis through physical therapy.The timely and professionally conducted rehabilitation not only improves the general physical condition of affected persons, but also contributes to an increase in the psycho-emotional tone, quality of life and independence in everyday life, which are one of the important priorities of any treatment.
ВІДНОВЛЮВАЛЬНЕ ЛІКУВАННЯ МЕТОДОМ МАНУАЛЬНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ ПАТОЛОГІЙ ПОВ’ЯЗАНИХ З ЛЮМБАЛІЗАЦІЄЮ
Authors: Frank Sergii , Michael Frank  , George Frank
Published: August 2020

Люмбалізація є однією з найбільш загальних вроджених аномалій попереково-крижового відділу хребта при якій перший сегмент крижів не зливається з другим сегментом і стає частиною поперекових хребців, у поперековому відділі виявляється шостий перехідний сегмент, а в крижовому, хребці якого зростаються між собою, залишається лише чотири сегменти. Попереково-крижовий відділ хребта несе в організмі людини значне навантаження, він не лише захищає спинний мозок і спинні нерви, але й підтримує та передає вагу тіла до нижніх кінцівок і відіграє важливу роль у поставі та рухомості. То ж така вроджена аномалія як люмбалізація порушує нормальне функціонування хребта і несе загрозу виникнення патологічних змін в організмі людини в цілому.Люмбалізація хребта часто призводить до певних клінічних симптомів, які можуть обмежувати рух пацієнта та викликати біль і не тільки в хребті . Зазвичай у пацієнтів з люмбалізацією можуть виникати больові відчуття під час руху. Це може спричинити великі труднощі при виконанні повсякденної діяльності. Люмбалізація, як вроджена анатомічна аномалія, жодним чином не може бути виправлена, але патологічні стани, які її супроводжують можна успішно лікувати методами мануальної терапії.
РОЛЬ МЕДИЧНОЇ СЕСТРИ У ПРОФІЛАКТИЦІ МЕТАБОЛІЧНОГО СИНДРОМУ
Authors: Stepanova Halyna , Shaposhnikova V.M.  , Shaposhnikov Yu.V.
Published: August 2020

В работе раскыта актуальность и сущность проблемы метаболического синдрома. Согласно исследованиям, в развитых странах 15-25% людей в возрасте 40-70 лет имеют симптомы метаболического синдрома. Представлена роль медсестры в эффективной профилактике и лечении метаболического синдрома. Отмечено улучшение самочувствия и качества жизни пациентов с метаболическим синдромом после коррекции образа жизни пациента.
ESTABLISHMENT AND CURRENT STATE OF SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGICAL SERVICES IN AZERBAIJAN AND TURKEY
Authors: Oztas Harun
Published: August 2020

The development of psychology in Azerbaijan is closely linked with the opening of the first higher education institutions in the country since the 1920s. In 1919, Baku State University, the first higher education institution in the republic, and in 1921, the first Pedagogical Institute were established. Departments of pedagogy and psychology and the first psychology laboratories were established in these universities. The first psychology laboratory in the country was organized in 1926 under the leadership of prominent psychologist F. Ibrahimbeyov at Baku State University, where psychological devices such as chronoscope, tachistoscope, visual adaptometer, audiometer, ergograph, etc. were installed.The development of psychology as a science in our republic began in the 20s and 30s of the last century, and at that time there were no national psychologists. Therefore, Russian scientists, Azerbaijani philosophers, pedagogues and neurologists taught psychology in the newly opened universities. Among them, the services of A.O. Makovelsky, A.K. Zakuzade, F.A. Ibrahimbeyov, H.B. Shakhtakhtinski, S.N. Hajiyev, V.I. Mustafayev and others should be especially noted.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLITICAL AND MILITARY SPACE BETWEEN LUOYANG CITY IN HAN AND WEI DYNASTIES AND ROME IN IMPERIAL PERIOD
Authors: Jin Lipeng
Published: August 2020

To study the political and military functions of ancient eastern and western city-states, the masterpieces should be ancient Luoyang city and ancient Roman city. This article takes Hanwei ancient city and ancient Roman city as examples, reviews the history, and briefly analyzes its political and military functions in ancient times. The Eastern and Western civilizations provide some suggestions for follow-up researchers.
SIMULAÇÃO EM SOFTWARE ARENA PARA ENTRADA DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR
Authors: Rodrigues Valéria Aparecida Roque , Herculani Rhadler
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo trata de uma pesquisa em uma usina sucro-alcooleira que está evoluindo a cada ano, buscando melhoria continua em seus processos. Isso é percebido pelo aumento de sua produtividade e, na moagem atual, que está em torno de 14.000 toneladas em 24 hrs, pode-se ter uma perda de sessenta mil reais em uma hora de parada. O objetivo deste trabalho é otimizar o tempo de entrada de cana de açúcar para a mesa de descarregamento, evitando perdas com a parada do processo na moagem. Para este estudo utilizou-se o método de cronometragem de tempo para melhorar o tempo de entrada de cana de açúcar na mesa de descarga tempo de pesagem, tempo de análise e tempo de mesa de descarga. O software de simulação ARENA é muito e eficaz para realizar estudos na área de tempos e métodos, além de demonstrar todo o processo de descarregamento de maneira simples através de um fluxograma. Permitindo tomadas de decisão e redução de gargalos do processo, sendo de suma importância para melhoria de todos os processos.
INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL, DEFINIÇÕES E APLICAÇÕES
Authors: Santos Andressa Maxwara Jovino dos , Del Vechio Gustavo Henrique
Published: August 2020

A Inteligência Artificial é uma realidade em diferentes áreas da ciência, seja aplicada em um dispositivo móvel de fácil acesso às pessoas, seja em sistemas autônomos capazes de gerir indústrias inteiras ou realizar operações complexas. Este estudo se propõe a entender melhor o que é o conceito de Inteligência Artificial, resgatando, inclusive, o Teste de Turing, que permite avaliar se uma máquina é capaz de ter consciência para tomar decisões, semelhante a um cérebro humano. Tendo em vista as diferentes aplicações da Inteligência Artificial, o estudo, em seguida, se aprofunda em uma área específica, que é a medicina, a fim de trazer alguns exemplos em que sistemas inteligentes já fazem a diferença em relação à detecção de doenças, realização de diagnósticos, procedimentos cirúrgicos e tratamentos. O que se percebe, a partir deste estudo, é que a Inteligência Artificial tem um enorme potencial de mudar a forma como cada procedimento é realizado, o que pode ser valioso para a evolução das diferentes áreas que se apoiam nestas tecnologias, incluindo, por certo, a medicina.
AUTOMAÇÃO RESIDENCIAL POR COMANDO DE VOZ
Authors: Sales Rocha Wesley , Anhesine Marcelo Wilson
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho realizado é um protótipo desenvolvido de um sistema de automação residencial, através de comando de voz. O projeto proposto, utiliza conceitos de Internet of Things, que por meio da conectividade wireless, permite ligar ou desligar a lâmpada e monitorar a residência, por meio de sensores de incêndio e vazamento de gás. O projeto é constituído pelo micro controlador ESP8266, que foi configurado como um servidor web, que recebe requisições envidada pelo smartphone. Quando o usuário realiza algum acionamento por comando de voz, o smartphone envia uma requisição para o servidor, que por sua vez, processa as informações e atualiza sua página web, notificando o usuário por meio a tela do smartphone se a requisição, foi bem-sucedida e se há algum risco de incêndio ou vazamento de gás em sua residência. O desenvolvimento desse protótipo permitirá maior acessibilidade e segurança, para as pessoas idosas ou portadora de deficiência, poderem realizar tarefas simples e monitorar suas casas, através de comando de voz, direcionado ao smartphone.
Metacercariae of trematodes (Plathelminthes: Trematoda) of Garra dembecha (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae) from Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Authors: Zhokhov А.Е.
Published: August 2020

The paper presents a study of metacercariae collected from Garra dembecha Stiassny et Getahun, 2007 in Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Metacercariae of five unidentified species are described, namely: Diplostomulum sp. 1, Diplostomulum sp. 2, Diplostomulum sp. 3 (Diplostomidae), Ichthyocotylurus sp. 1, Ichthyocotylurus sp. 2 (Strigeidae) and Posthodiplostomum nanum Dubois, 1937. The most striking feature of the Diplostomulum sp. 2 metacercaria is thickening of muscle fascicles at the base of the pseudosuckers. The most characteristic feature of the Diplostomulum sp. 3 is division of a body into the anterior and posterior parts mismatching the anterior and posterior segments of body. This is the first record of Ichthyocotylurus metacercariae from fish in Africa. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of species are presented.
The content of biologically active substances in fruits of golden currant accessions breeding of research institute of horticulture of Siberia
Authors: Salykova V. S. , Shtil’ L. V.
Published: August 2020

Berries of golden currant have a nutritional value and a high content of biologically active substances (BAS). Variability and a high level of manifestation of accession parameters indicate the possibility of breeding for improving the biochemical composition of berries. The purpose of the work is to evaluate and select of golden currant accessions according to its high content of carotenoids, pectin and sum of pectin substances in fruits. The work was carried out at the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia, Department of Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agro-Biotechnologies, in 2016- 2018. Weather conditions of 2016, 2017 were characterized as quite warm and quite moist, 2018 was dry and cool. Biochemical analysis was carried out in the laboratory of industrial technologies during the period of full ripeness of berries. Pectin substances were determined by the titrometric method (GOST 29059-91), carotenoids – according to I. K. Murray (GOST 8756.22-80 ST SEV 6519-88). The objects of the research were the varieties and selected forms of golden currant breeding of the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia. The control variety was Levushka. As a result of the work, varieties and selected forms were evaluated by the content of biologically active substances (carotenoids, pectin, pectin substances), promising forms with maximum biochemical parameters were identified. The content of carotenoids in the accessions varied widely 0.5 – 11.9 mg/100 g, on the average 3.5 mg/100 g. Levushka varieties (11.9 mg/100 g) as well as Podarok to Ariadne (7.7 mg/100 g), Ida (6.5 mg/100 g), selected forms 4198-06-9 (6.9 mg/100 g) and 4197-06-1 (5.5 mg/100 g were noted with high values. Varieties Valentina and Otrada showed stability over the years, the coefficient of variation was 5.8 and 12.0 %, respectively. The pectin content in berries varied from 0.5 to 1.5 %, on the average 1.0 %, in the accessions Valentina, Ida, Otrada, 4190-06-13 – 1.3%, in 4268-07-1 – 1.4 %, 4197-06-1 – 1.5 %. The total amount of pectin substances in berries amounted to 0.9 – 1.6 % on the average – 1.3 %, with an increased value Ida variety, forms 4190-06-13, 4197-06- 1, 4198-06-9, 4268-07-1 were highlighted. Over the years of the research, the stability in the content of the sum of pectin substances was shown by accessions 4197-06-1 (V = 8, 7 %), 4268-07-1 (V = 10.7 %), 4190-06-13 (V = 1.7 %)
Association between timing of kyphoplasty and opioid prescribing risk after vertebral fracture
Authors: Nathan Jay K. , Johnson Mitchell A. , Waljee Jennifer F. , Szerlip Nicholas , Park Paul , Oppenlander Mark E.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Approximately 550,000 Americans experience vertebral fracture annually, and most receive opioids to treat the resulting pain. Kyphoplasty of the fractured vertebra is a procedural alternative that may mitigate risks of even short-term opioid use. While reports of kyphoplasty’s impact on pain scores are mixed, no large-scale data exist regarding opioid prescribing before and after the procedure. This study was conducted to determine whether timing of kyphoplasty following vertebral fracture is associated with duration or intensity of opioid prescribing.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study used 2001–2014 insurance claims data from a single, large private insurer in the US across multiple care settings. Patients were adults with vertebral fractures who were prescribed opioids and underwent balloon-assisted kyphoplasty within 4 months of fracture. Opioid overdose risk was stratified by prescribed average daily morphine milligram equivalents using CDC guidelines. Filled prescriptions and risk categories were evaluated at baseline and 90 days following kyphoplasty.

RESULTS

Inclusion criteria were met by 7119 patients (median age 77 years, 71.7% female). Among included patients, 3505 (49.2%) were opioid naïve before fracture. Of these patients, 31.1% had new persistent opioid prescribing beyond 90 days after kyphoplasty, and multivariable logistic regression identified kyphoplasty after 8 weeks as a predictor (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02–1.76). For patients previously receiving opioids, kyphoplasty > 4 weeks after fracture was associated with persistently elevated prescribing risk (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.23–2.74).

CONCLUSIONS

New persistent opioid prescribing occurred in nearly one-third of patients undergoing kyphoplasty after vertebral fracture, although early treatment was associated with a reduction in this risk. For patients not naïve to opioids before fracture diagnosis, early kyphoplasty was associated with less persistent elevation of opioid overdose risk. Subsequent trials must compare opioid use by vertebral fracture patients treated via operative (kyphoplasty) and nonoperative (ongoing opioid) strategies before concluding that kyphoplasty lacks value, and early referral for kyphoplasty may be appropriate to avoid missing a window of efficacy.
Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia diagnosed using quantitative CT in 296 consecutive lumbar fusion patients
Authors: Carlson Brandon B. , Salzmann Stephan N. , Shirahata Toshiyuki , Ortiz Miller Courtney , Carrino John A. , Yang Jingyan , Reisener Marie-Jacqueline , Sama Andrew A. , Cammisa Frank P. , Girardi Federico P. , Hughes Alexander P.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that increases the risk for fragility fractures. Screening and diagnosis can be achieved by measuring bone mineral density (BMD) using quantitative CT tomography (QCT) in the lumbar spine. QCT-derived BMD measurements can be used to diagnose osteopenia or osteoporosis based on American College of Radiology (ACR) thresholds. Many reports exist regarding the disease prevalence in asymptomatic and disease-specific populations; however, osteoporosis/osteopenia prevalence rates in lumbar spine fusion patients without fracture have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to define osteoporosis and osteopenia prevalence in lumbar fusion patients using QCT.

METHODS

A retrospective review of prospective data was performed. All patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery who had preoperative fine-cut CT scans were eligible. QCT-derived BMD measurements were performed at L1 and L2. The L1–2 average BMD was used to classify patients as having normal findings, osteopenia, or osteoporosis based on ACR criteria. Disease prevalence was calculated. Subgroup analyses based on age, sex, ethnicity, and history of abnormal BMD were performed. Differences between categorical groups were calculated with Fisher’s exact test.

RESULTS

Overall, 296 consecutive patients (55.4% female) were studied. The mean age was 63 years (range 21–89 years). There were 248 (83.8%) patients with ages ≥ 50 years. No previous clinical history of abnormal BMD was seen in 212 (71.6%) patients. Osteopenia was present in 129 (43.6%) patients and osteoporosis in 44 (14.9%). There were no prevalence differences between sex or race. Patients ≥ 50 years of age had a significantly higher frequency of osteopenia/osteoporosis than those who were < 50 years of age.

CONCLUSIONS

In 296 consecutive patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 14.9% and that for osteopenia was 43.6% diagnosed by QCT. This is the first report of osteoporosis disease prevalence in lumbar fusion patients without vertebral fragility fractures diagnosed by QCT.
Preoperative bone health assessment and optimization in spine surgery
Authors: Anderson Paul A. , Kadri Aamir , Hare Kristyn J. , Binkley Neil
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the bone health in preoperative spine surgery patients. This information will provide a framework to understand the needs and methods for providing bone health optimization in elective spine surgery patients.

METHODS

A retrospective study of 104 patients undergoing bone health optimization was performed. Patients were selected based on risk factors identified by the surgeon and suspected compromised bone health. Evaluation included history and examination, laboratory investigations, and bone mineral density (BMD) at 3 sites (femoral neck, lumbar spine, and radius). Patients’ bone status was classified using WHO criteria and expanded criteria recommended by the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF). The 10-year Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) scores of the hip and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) were calculated with and without femoral neck BMD, with spine BMD, and with the trabecular bone score (TBS). Antiresorptive and anabolic agents were provided in accordance with meeting NOF criteria for treatment of osteoporosis.

RESULTS

The mean patient age was 69.0 years, and 81% of patients were female. The mean historical height loss was 5.6 cm, and 54% of patients had a history of fracture. Secondary osteoporosis due to chronic renal failure, inflammatory arthritis, diabetes, and steroid use was common (51%). The mean 25-hydroxy vitamin D was 42.4 ng/ml and was normal in 81% of patients, with only 4 patients being deficient. The mean T-scores were −2.09 (SD 0.71) of the femoral neck, −0.54 (1.71) of the lumbar spine, and −1.65 (1.38) of the distal radius. These were significantly different. The 10-year FRAX MOF score was 20.7%, and that for hip fracture was 6.9% using the femoral neck BMD and was not significantly different without the use of BMD. The FRAX risk-adjusted score using the lumbar spine BMD and TBS was significantly lower than that for the hip. Osteoporosis was present in 32.1% according to WHO criteria compared with 81.6% according to NOF criteria. Antiresorptive medications were recommended in 31 patients and anabolic medications in 44 patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Surgeons can reliably identify patients with poor bone health by using simple criteria, including historical height loss, history of fracture, comorbidities associated with osteoporosis, analysis of available imaging, and calculation of FRAX score without BMD. High-risk patients should have BMD testing and bone health assessment. In patients with osteoporosis, a comprehensive preoperative bone health assessment is recommended and, if warranted, pharmacological treatment should be started.
Does the use of preoperative bisphosphonates in patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis affect lumbar fusion rates? Analysis from a national spine registry
Authors: Guppy Kern H. , Chan Priscilla H. , Prentice Heather A. , Norheim Elizabeth P. , Harris Jessica E. , Brara Harsimran S.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Bisphosphonates are used to increase bone strength in treating osteopenia and osteoporosis, but their use for increasing lumbar fusion rates has been controversial. The objective of this study was to determine if preoperative treatment with bisphosphonates affects the reoperation rates for nonunions (operative nonunion rates) following lumbar fusions in patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis.

METHODS

The authors conducted a cohort study using data from the Kaiser Permanente Spine Registry. Patients (aged ≥ 50 years) with a diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis who underwent primary elective lumbar fusions for degenerative disc disease, deformity, or spondylolisthesis were included in the cohort. Repeated spinal procedures at the index lumbar levels were noted through chart review. Reoperations for symptomatic nonunions (operative nonunions), time to nonunion, and the nonunion spine level(s) were also identified. The crude 2-year cumulative incidence of operative nonunions was calculated as 1 minus the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to evaluate the association between preoperative bisphosphonate use and operative nonunion after adjustment for covariates. Analysis was stratified by osteopenia and osteoporosis diagnosis.

RESULTS

The cohort comprised 1040 primary elective lumbar fusion patients, 408 with osteopenia and 632 with osteoporosis. Ninety-seven (23.8%) patients with osteopenia and 370 (58.5%) patients with osteoporosis were preoperative bisphosphonate users. For the osteopenia group, no operative nonunions were observed in patients with preoperative bisphosphonate, while the crude 2-year incidence was 2.44% (95% CI 0.63–4.22) in the nonuser group. For the osteoporotic group, after adjustment for covariates, no difference was observed in risk for operative nonunions between the preoperative bisphosphonate users and nonusers (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.20–4.55, p = 0.964).

CONCLUSIONS

To the authors’ knowledge, this study presents one of the largest series of patients with the diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis in whom the effects of preoperative bisphosphonates on lumbar fusions were evaluated using operative nonunion rates as an outcome measure. The results indicate that preoperative bisphosphonate use had no effect on the operative nonunion rates for patients with osteoporosis. Similar indications were not confirmed in osteopenia patients because of the low nonunion frequency. Further studies are warranted to the determine if preoperative and postoperative timing of bisphosphonate use has any effect on lumbar fusion rates.
Osteoporosis in spine surgery patients: what is the best way to diagnose osteoporosis in this population?
Authors: St. Jeor Jeffery D. , Jackson Taylor J. , Xiong Ashley E. , Kadri Aamir , Freedman Brett A. , Sebastian Arjun S. , Currier Bradford L. , Nassr Ahmad , Fogelson Jeremy L. , Kennel Kurt A. , Anderson Paul A. , Elder Benjamin D.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to compare different recognized definitions of osteoporosis in patients with degenerative lumbar spine pathology undergoing elective spinal fusion surgery to determine which patient population should be considered for preoperative optimization.

METHODS

A retrospective review of patients in whom lumbar spine surgery was planned at 2 academic medical centers was performed, and the rate of osteoporosis was compared based on different recognized definitions. Assessments were made based on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), CT Hounsfield units (HU), trabecular bone score (TBS), and fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX). The rate of osteoporosis was compared based on different definitions: 1) the WHO definition (T-score ≤ −2.5) at total hip or spine; 2) CT HU of < 110; 3) National Bone Health Alliance (NBHA) guidelines; and 4) “expanded spine” criteria, which includes patients meeting NBHA criteria and/or HU < 110, and/or “degraded” TBS in the setting of an osteopenic T-score. Inclusion criteria were adult patients with a DXA scan of the total hip and/or spine performed within 1 year and a lumbar spine CT scan within 6 months of the physician visit.

RESULTS

Two hundred forty-four patients were included. The mean age was 68.3 years, with 70.5% female, 96.7% Caucasian, and the mean BMI was 28.8. Fracture history was reported in 53.8% of patients. The proportion of patients identified with osteoporosis on DXA, HUs, NBHA guidelines, and the authors’ proposed “expanded spine” criteria was 25.4%, 36.5%, 75%, and 81.9%, respectively. Of the patients not identified with osteoporosis on DXA, 31.3% had osteoporosis based on HU, 55.1% had osteoporosis with NBHA, and 70.4% had osteoporosis with expanded spine criteria (p < 0.05), with poor correlations among the different assessment tools.

CONCLUSIONS

Limitations in the use of DXA T-scores alone to diagnose osteoporosis in patients with lumbar spondylosis has prompted interest in additional methods of evaluating bone health in the spine, such as CT HU, TBS, and FRAX, to inform guidelines that aim to reduce fracture risk. However, no current osteoporosis assessment was developed with a focus on improving outcomes in spinal surgery. Therefore, the authors propose an expanded spine definition for osteoporosis to identify a more comprehensive cohort of patients with potential poor bone health who could be considered for preoperative optimization, although further study is needed to validate these results in terms of clinical outcomes.
Update on Adult Epilepsy: What Neuroradiologists Should Know
Authors: Assadsangabi R. , Baldassano S. , Gibson A. , Revell A. , Chen H.I. , Lucas T.H. , Davis K.A. , Stein J.M.
Published: August 2020

Neuroimaging is an important component of diagnosis and presurgical planning for localization-related epilepsy. The evaluation and treatment of medication-refractory epilepsy are changing as clinicians move toward less invasive and more selective and adaptive approaches. This article
reviews concepts and terms, including the International League Against Epilepsy 2017 revised classification of seizures; presents common lesions and approaches to finding them; and provides updates in advanced structural and functional imaging. Finally, we summarize current less invasive therapies
for focal epilepsy.Learning Objectives:  1) To summarize epilepsy terms, concepts, and statistics 2) To identify common epileptogenic lesions and structural imaging pitfalls
3) To become familiar with imaging protocols and techniques including complementary functional imaging 4) To understand new trends and devices in surgical evaluation and therapy 
Pediatric Demyelinating Disease: Emerging Patterns from Multiple Sclerosis to Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein‐Associated Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Aw-Zoretic J. , Harrell A. , Rubin J.P. , Palasis S.
Published: August 2020

Ongoing progress is being made in the understanding of pediatric demyelinating diseases, including the recent discovery of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG) encephalitis. Radiologists play a key role in the diagnostic work-up of these patients. Demyelinating diseases
can be challenging to differentiate from each other and can mimic anti-MOG encephalitis, especially because the various disorders can present with nonspecific radiologic cord findings and overlapping CNS features. There are some key imaging features that can be explained by the more recent
development in the pathophysiological basis of these different entities. Attention to pertinent clinical history allows for improved diagnostic accuracy. Identifying MR imaging predictors of a particular demyelinating diagnosis in the pediatric population can have broad implications on treatment.
Tacrolimus-Related Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Madhavan A.A. , Eckel L.J. , Miller G.M.
Published: August 2020

Optic neuropathy has a broad differential diagnosis, including demyelinating disease, infection, and inflammatory etiologies such as sarcoidosis, radiation, and drug toxicity. Tacrolimus is a rare cause of optic neuropathy, but radiologists can benefit patients by suggesting the diagnosis.
We report a case of tacrolimus optic neuropathy initially suggested on the basis of MR imaging findings. The patient improved clinically and had near resolution of MR imaging findings after treatment, which has not been previously reported.
Wykaz drukowanych prac ks. prof. Józefa Wolińskiego
Authors: Szczur Piotr
Published: August 2020

nie dotyczy
PENGGUNA EDMODO DALAM MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BAGI GURU SMK SWAKARYA PALEMBANG
Authors: Putri Meidyan Permata , Hartati Eka
Published: August 2020

Seiring dengan pesatnya perkembangan  zaman,  seluruh aspek kehidupanpun  ikut berubah.  Era globalisasi yang ditandai dengan  tidak adanya sekat  dimensi  ruang dan waktu, mengharuskan  seluruh aspek kehidupan  bersentuhan dengan  informasi dan teknologi. Seorang guru dituntut memiliki keterampilan berupa strategi dalam meramu pembelajarannya. Guru tidak hanya memiliki strategi pembelajaran tetapi juga mengkombinasikan TIK dalam pembelajarannya. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membantu guru dalam membuat media pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Edmodo. Diharapkan  kepada para peserta pelatihan agar dapat memanfaatkan penggunaan Edmodo dalam pembuatan media pembelajaran di SMK Swakarya Palembang. Bertempat di SMK Swakarya Palembang, yang telah dilakukan pada tanggal 7 – 9 Februari 208. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah dan tanya jawab. Diharapkan dari telah terlaksananya kegiatan ini peserta dapat menerapkan pengetahuan yang sudah diperoleh dalam proses pembuatan media pembelajaran.
PELATIHAN SKILL PENGURUS SANGGAR BACA TRILOGI BERBASIS INTERNET MELALUI SISTEM INFORMASI DESA (SID)
Authors: Kuncoro Bagus , Budiyono Kodrad
Published: August 2020

Taman bacaan masyarakat adalah salah satu tempat untuk mengembangkan kemampuan dan menambah khasanah mengenai ilmu dari buku yang dibacanya. Salah satu bentuk kegiatan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan dan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap perkembangan ilmu yang selalu berkembang tersebut salah satunya melalui perpustakaan umum yang dikemas melalui kegiatan taman bacaan masyarakat. Kegiatan ini dihadiri 5 orang peserta pengurus sanggar baca trilogi dan 5 pemuka RT. Kegitan berupa penyampaian materi dan praktek langsung skill pengurus Sanggar baca Trilogi melalui sistem dokumentasi dan administrasi. Sedangkan untuk penambahan fasilitas sarana dan prasarana melalui penyampaian materi, FGD (focus groub discussion) dan diakhiri musyawarah bersama antara pelaksana kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat, pengurus sanggar baca dan Pemuka Rt. Serta penyampaian materi dari narasumber (tim pengabdian masyarakat) ditambah narasumber luar melalui zoom meeting mengenai publikasi berbasis internet melalui sistem web SID (sistem Informasi Desa). Kegiatan ini menghasilkan: 1. Pelatihan skill pada pengurus sanggar baca melalui sistem dokumentasi dan administrasi berjalan dengan  baik. 2. Memberikan implementasi berupa modifikasi sarana dan prasarana pendukung kegiatan membaca, menulis dan bermain pada area fasilitas umum (fasum) yang sesuai. 3. Memberikan pelatihan pengurus sanggar Baca TriLogi mengenai publikasi berbasis internet melalui sistem web yang dimiliki RT 03/27 Perumahan Griya Winong baru 2, Ngringo.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KRIPIK ANEKA RASA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN UMKM DI DESA CIRANJANG KECAMATAN CIRANJANG KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Rohartati Sri , Subekti Eri
Published: August 2020

Desa Ciranjang merupakan salah satu yang ada di Wilayah Kecamatan Ciranjang dengan luas Wilayah 326,66 Ha. Jarak kekantor kecamatan Ciranjang ± 2 Km, ke ibu kota Kabupaten Cianjur ± 14 Km dan jarak ke ibu kota Provinsi Jawa Barat ± 60 Km. Desa Ciranjang memiliki luas 326,66 Ha, yang terdiri dari lahan sawah seluas 154,dan lahan darat seluas 172,66 Ha. Masyarakat Desa Ciranjang sudah terbilang maju, walaupun ada beberapa daerah Desa yang mengalami kesenjangan ekonomi. Tetapi, dari segi arus informasi dan ketersediaan kebutuhan umum masih bisa mendapatkan akses. Kemajuan teknologi dan cepatnya arus informasi menjadikan masyarakat Desa Ciranjang menjadi masyarakat modern. Hal ini membentuk prilaku dan sosial budaya. Sedangkan bagi masyarakat yang jauh dari pusat kegiatan ekonomi mengalami kekurangan kesejahteraan ekonomi. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya kesenjangan sosial. Dan untuk program pangan yaitu pendistribusian bantuan sosial beras sejahtera (Rasta) yang dilakukan setiap bulannya. Desa Ciranjang menghasilkan SDA berupa hasil pertanian dengan kekayaan lahan 172,66 Ha lahan darat. Ketersediaan lahan tersebut dimanfaatkan untuk produksi. Diantaranya, industri rumahan kripik singkong di RW 09 milik Ibu Atikah, Namun, ketersediaan lahan tersebut hanya dimanfaatkan oleh beberapa warga belum merata secara menyeluruh. Rumah industri yang tersedia masih melibatkan secara keluarga belum melibatkan masyarakat lingkungan disekitar. Selain itu, kegiatan pemasaran masih bersifat lokal hanya daerah Ciranjang dan sekitarnya sehingga menghambat kemajuan industri. Oleh karena itu saya beserta mahasiswa-mahasiswa melakukan PKM dengan tema Pembuatan Kripik Aneka Rasa Untuk Meningkatkan UMKM di desa Ciranjang, agar UMKM di desa Ciranjang bisa lebih berkembang, terutama UMKM milik Ibu Atikah.
PELATIHAN PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI ABAD 21
Authors: Aripin Ipin , Sugandi Muhamad Kurnia , Mu'minah Iim Halimatul , Mulyani Asep
Published: August 2020

PKM ini berupaya untuk memfasilitasi guru dan calon guru biologi untuk lebih memahami dan mengaplikasikan konsep pembelajaran biologi abad-21 melalui pembekalan teori dan praktik. PKM ini menggunakan metode diskusi, latihan, dan praktik terkait pembelajaran biologi abad-21 untuk penguatan kompetensi guru biologi abad 21 yang di dalamnya terdapat penguatan literasi teknologi dan keterampilan publikasi ilmiah. PKM ini dilaksanakan secara daring melalui aplikasi Zoom Meeting mengingat saat ini masih dalam masa pandemik Covid-19. Sebanyak 97 peserta mendaftar kegiatan ini dan diketahui bahwa sebagian besar (60%) peserta adalah mahasiswa pendidikan biologi dan 29% peserta adalah guru, sisanya dari masyarakat umum. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan ini diketahui bahwa sebagian besar peserta sudah mengetahui tentang konsep dasar pembelajaran biologi abad-21, sudah pernah membuat RPP dan media pembelajaran biologi abad-21. Terdapat 38% peserta yang sudah mampu mengembangkan soal HOTS sebagai evaluasi pembelajaran biologi abad-21. Sebagian besar peserta sudah mampu untuk menganalisis soal HOTS yang mereka buat mengguanakan aplikasi excel template, Anates, tetapi mengalami kesulitan untuk menganalisis soal menggunakan aplikasi TAP.
PELATIHAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP MELALUI PEMBUATAN SELAI KOLAVSA (KOLANG-KALING VARIAN RASA) DI DESA SAGARA KECAMATAN ARGAPURA
Authors: Sugandi Muhamad Kurnia , Aripin Ipin , Mu'minah Iim Halimatul
Published: August 2020

The problem experienced by the entrepreneurs of the fusion is the low innovation of processed products to be ready-to-serve products, sales of the fro will be high during the month of Syaban and Ramadan. The purpose of this training activity is to increase the knowledge of the entrepreneurs in processing the products of the fro into a more varied food processing material, and to increase the innovation and creative of the entrepreneurs of the fro through processed Kolavsa jam (flavors of variant flavors) with a combination of dragon fruit , pineapple, chocolate, which are in great demand by all walks of life. The method used in this training is lecture and practice. As a result of this training the participants will be motivated to do creative and innovative entrepreneurship. The response of participants to the training activities was very positive as seen from the enthusiasm of the participants during the activity.
SOSIALISASI DAN PENDAMPINGAN DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN EKSISTENSI OLAHRAGA PETANQUE DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA PADA MASA COVID-19
Authors: Srianto Widha , Sari Yudi Karisma
Published: August 2020

Masa pandemi covid-19 menjadikan semua kegiatan tidak bisa dilakukan dengan optimal, baik aktifitas kerja, aktifitas pendidikan, aktifitas social maupun aktifitas olahraga, hal ini berdampak pada kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh Fopi Kota Yogykarta, sehingga perlu upaya untuk tetap menjaga eksitensi dan tetap memberikan motivasi pecinta olahraga petanque dengan kegiatan-kegiatan positif, maka dengan ini perlu dilakukan kegiatan sosialisasi dan pendampingan dalam upaya peningkatan eksistensi olahraga petanque di Kota Yogyakarta, Peserta kegiatan dari unsur pengurus Fopi Kota Yogyakarta ini terdiri  dari unsur dosen, guru, mahasiswa, dan masyarakat umum.  Metode   yang   digunakan   dalam  pengabdian  meliputi  ceramah  dan  tanya  jawab, dan diberikan kuesioner untuk mengetahui respon dari peserta, analisis data berupa skor 1 untuk jawaban (ya) dan 0 untuk jawaban (tidak) kemudian diprosentase. Berdasarkan rangkaian kegiatan pengabdian ini,  maka  dapat  ditarik kesimpulan  sebagai  berikut: (1) Kegiatan  pengabdian  ini  dapat memberikan dampak positif bagi semua unsur Fopi Kota Yogyakarta baik pengurus, pelatih, maupun atlet karena pengabdian  ini  dinilai  sebagai  sesuatu  yang  baru  dan  mampu  menambah  wawasan  tentang olahraga petanque.  (2)  Peserta termotivasi  untuk  melakukan kegiatan positif dimasa pandemi covid-19 melalui olahraga petanque. (3) Kegiatan ini sarana dalam menjalin silaturahmi antar pecinta olahraga Petanque Kota Yogyakarta pada masa covid-19 dengan meeting online.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN HANDICRAFT DARI LIMBAH RUMAH TANGGA ANORGANIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIFITAS IBU-IBU DESA BLIMBINGAN
Authors: Asfuri Ninda Beny , Sasmito Luncana Faridhoh
Published: August 2020

Waste of household waste becomes a problem in the environment of Blimbingan village because there are many household waste waste that accumulate and pollute the surrounding environment. Household needs products mostly plastic waste where plastic waste (inorganic) handling is relatively more complicated than organic waste, because inorganic waste can not be degradable naturally. Inorganic garbage originating from the household of Blimbingan village various such as plastic waste packaging of a household products, Kresek, aqua bottles are many of which are not utilized and only dumped in the trash. The villagers of Blimbingan, Baturan, especially mothers are less aware of the dangers posed by each day they continue to throw away their household garbage. This dedication activities aims to provide counselling and training of handicraft-value, valuable and economical value by utilizing household waste in Blimbingan village and provide guidance on how to sell to increase family income and can be a new job opportunities for the mothers of the village Blimbingan, Baturan. The methods used in this activity are by counseling, training/practice, monitoring and mentoring. Based on several series of events can be concluded that (1) of all participants carried out in the home mom Lurah in Blimbingan village is increased by 95% in terms of understanding and mastery of handicraft-like bags, flowers made, plastic bottles used for the category of good pencils. (2)  teamwork and mothers are very compact and extraordinary proven to always attend training well until the event is over

Keywords: Household waste, Handicraft