bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hokand Hanlığı Hanedanı ve Meşruiyet Temelleri
Authors: KAMALOVA Zebiniso
Published: November 2020

Türk Devlet Teşkilatında Meşruiyet meselesi mekân ve zaman içerisinde kendi telakkisine bağlı bir şekilde değişiklik göstermiştir. Meşruiyet anlayışında en önemli kurum devletin bizzat kendisini temsil eden hükümdar ve hanedan ailesiydi. Türkistan’da devletçilik geleneğine göre iktidar sahiplerinin Cengiz Han soyuna dayanması veya Emir Timur’a bağlanması son derece önem arzetmiştir. XVIII. yüzyılın ilk yarısında Cengiz Han varisleri olduklarını iddia eden aslında Cengiz Han kanını taşımayan Türk boyları Türkistan Hanlıklar tahtına el koymuşlardır. Hokand Hanlığı’ndaki muktadir sülale Ming’lerdi. Hükümdarlık konusunda hâkim olan anlayışa göre saltanat başındaki sülalenin Cengiz soyundan gelmek veya bu soya akraba olmak şartını zorlamıştır. Farklı durumlarda soyağacı yardımıyla veya teorik hikâyeler sayesinde saltanat haklarını meşru kılma yolları aranmıştır. Altın Beşik hikâyesi Hokand Hanları soyunu Zahireddin Muhammed Babur üzerinden Timur’a ve onun üzerinden Cengiz Han’a bağlayan bir rivayettir. Timur figürü Türkistan tarihinde özel bir öneme ve konuma sahiptir. Makalede bu hikâyenin gerçekleri veya gerçek olmayanları üzerinde durulacaktır.
Çarlık Rusyasının Türkistan El Yazmalarını Ele Geçirme Politikası
Authors: OTAKHONOV Fayzullakhon
Published: November 2020

Müstemlekeci devletlerin ortak bir politikası vardır. Bu devletler sömürgeleştirmek istediği devlet ve halkları tarihi ve kültüründen uzaklaştırmaya, geçmişini kötü olarak göstermeye çalışırlar ve böylelikle eskisinden daha iyi bir hayat vadederler. Çarlık Rusyası da Türkistan’da aynı politikayı yürütmeye çalıştı. Yakın geçmişteki Hanlıklar dönemi ve ondan önceki tarihini Türkistan halklarına geri kalmış gibi gösterdi, halkı eski devletlerine ve hanlarına karşı kötüledi, onları zalim ve cahil gibi tanıttı. Aynı şekilde onların tarihini unutturdu ve kültürünü aşağıladı. Tabiiki bu iş kolay olmadı, uzun zamandır yürüttüğü siyaset neticesinde, yetişip gelen yeni nesil üzerinde çalışmalar yapıp zihnini değiştirmeye çalıştı, sonra istediği gibi onları yönetti. Makalemizde Çarlık Rusyası’nın bu sonuca ulaşmak için yürüttüğü politikalardan biri ve belki de en önemlisi olan el yazmalarını ele geçirmek için yaptıkları çalışmaları incelemeye çalıştık. Aynı zamanda Rus siyasetçileri ve alimlerinin Türkistan’daki el yazmalarını bulma çabaları, Rus şarkiyatçıların bu konudaki araştırmaları, ele geçirdikleri eserler, onların sayısı ve Rusya’ya gönderme çalışmalarını araştırdık.
The Khan Of Khoqand Whom We Don't Know: on the rule of Shahrukh Khan b. Muhammad-‘Ali–Khan
Authors: SULTONOV Uktambek
Published: November 2020

A Political history of the Khoqand khanate is well studied on the basis of the works of local historians. For more than 150 years the researchers of the khanates, based on these sources, are investigated the problems of legitimization of the Ming dynasty, changes of power, intrigues of candidates to throne and their policies. However, the documentary sources, especially the royal deeds of the khanate have not been studied enough. Therefore, new facts in this area can change some aspects of the Khoqand khanates history. In this article too analyzed one of such fact – royal deeds related to Shahrukh–Khan’s royal chancery, who in local historiography was considered to be a fake prince and impostor. These documents, which prepared in the traditional form, sealed with Khan's almond seal proved Shahrukh–Khan’s government in the some parts of the country. And also, the establishment of his own government from supporters, the royal court and official seal, tax system, the most important recognition of his authority with the population of this territory.
A Novel Clustering Scheme For Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Prasad Joshi Gyanendra
Published: November 2020

Introduction: This article is the product of the research “Learning-based Spectrum Analysis and Prediction in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks”, developed at Sejong University in the year 2019.

Problem: Most of the clustering schemes for distributed cognitive radio-enabled wireless sensor networks consider homogeneous cognitive radio-enabled wireless sensors. Many clustering schemes for such homogeneouscognitive radio-enabled wireless sensor networks waste resources and suffer from energy inefficiency because of the unnecessary overheads.

Objective: The objective of the research is to propose a node clustering scheme that conserves energy and prolongs network lifetime.

Methodology: A heterogeneous cognitive radio-enabled wireless sensor network in which only a few nodes have a cognitive radio module and the other nodes are normal sensor nodes. Along with the hardware cost, theproposed scheme is efficient in energy consumption.

Results: We simulated the proposed scheme and compared it with the homogeneous cognitive radio-enabled wireless sensor networks. The results show that the proposed scheme is efficient in terms of energyconsumption.

Conclusion: The proposed node clustering scheme performs better in terms of network energy conservation and network partition.

Originality: There are heterogeneous node clustering schemes in the literature for cooperative spectrum sensing and energy efficiency, but to the best of our knowledge, there is no study that proposes a non-cognitiveradio-enabled sensor clustering for energy conservation along with cognitive radio-enabled wireless sensors.

Limitations: The deployment of the proposed special device for cognitive radio-enabled wireless sensors is complicated and requires special hardware with better battery powered cognitive sensor nodes.
South African professional Super Rugby players’ lived experiences of career-related traumatic injuries: A descriptive phenomenological analysis
Authors: Hall Trevor , Pieter Basson Pieter Basson , Jon Patricios Jon Patricios
Published: November 2020

Background: Historically, non-career-ending traumatic rugby injury (TRI) has been viewed from a predominantly biological perspective. However, dimensional perspectives, such as the biopsychosocial model, have highlighted the need to incorporate psychosocial understandings of TRI into treatment plans.

Aim: To describe the lived experiences of a cohort of traumatically injured South African Super Rugby players in order to add to the body of literature on the subject of TRI experience.

Methods: The employment of a qualitative, descriptive phenomenological method was used to achieve the research outcome.

Discussion: Common descriptive themes indicated that TRI seems to exist within three stages: the initial, emotional and subsequent reactions to the traumatic injury. Sub-themes described within each stage included attempts at remaining positive and appraising the severity of the injury during onset, fear responses and concomitant feelings of loss related to foregone career opportunities during the emotional reactions stage, the employment of coping mechanisms, and relying on specific support structures during subsequent reactions. Two novel experiences revealed within this study and not reported in the international literature included the injured players’ reliance on compartmentalisation and positive religious belief structures as coping strategies. All themes were reduced to descriptive phenomenological essences that describe a lifeworld or biopsychosocial experience of TRI.

Conclusion: Themes drawn from this study can be applied in the future design and implementation of expanded studies and psychological interventions aimed at assisting traumatically injured rugby players during their recovery process. The identified themes affirm aspects from the international literature while highlighting some uniquely South African outcomes.
Protocols for "Bicolor Angelfish (Centropyge bicolor) genome provided first chromosome-level reference of Pomacanthidae family and clues for bi-color body formation" v1
Authors: Li Chunhua , Zhang He , Fan Guangyi
Published: November 2020

The bicolor angelfish, Centropyge bicolor, is a kind of tropical coral reef fish that is also well-known as bicolor angelfish because of its special and beautiful two-color body. However, the mechanism of bicolor body has not been studied clearly due to the lack of high-quality genomic data. Here we assembled a chromosome-level genome of the bicolor angelfish with a total length of 650 Mb, contig N50 of 114 Kb and scaffold N50 of 4.4 Mb. Based on the genome, 21,774 protein coding genes were annotated. Furthermore, we identified several candidate gene families associated with its bicolored body developing. As we are known, our study is the first provides a chromosome-level genome as reference for the family Pomacanthidae, which would contribute to the future researches of colorful fish.
PBMC- 01a - Isolation of Human PBMC from Buffy Coat v2
Authors: Cosentino Marco , Storelli Elisa , Luini Alessandra , LM Legnaro Massimiliano , Rasini Emanuela , Ferrari Marco , Marino Franca
Published: November 2020

List of published work using this protocol Kustrimovic, N., Comi, C., Magistrelli, L., Rasini, E., Legnaro, M., Bombelli, R., Aleksic, I., Blandini, F., Minafra, B., Riboldazzi, G., Sturchio, A., Mauri, M., Bono, G., Marino, F., & Cosentino, M. (2018). Parkinson's disease patients have a complex phenotypic and functional Th1 bias: cross-sectional studies of CD4+ Th1/Th2/T17 and Treg in drug-naïve and drug-treated patients. Journal of neuroinflammation, 15(1), 205. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-018-1248-8 Kustrimovic, N., Rasini, E., Legnaro, M., Bombelli, R., Aleksic, I., Blandini, F., Comi, C., Mauri, M., Minafra, B., Riboldazzi, G., Sanchez-Guajardo, V., Marino, F., & Cosentino, M. (2016). Dopaminergic Receptors on CD4+ T Naive and Memory Lymphocytes Correlate with Motor Impairment in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Scientific reports, 6, 33738. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep33738 Cosentino M., Ferrari M., Kustrimovic N., Rasini E., Marino F. (2015). Influence of dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms on circulating T lymphocytes: A pilot study in healthy subjects. Human immunology, 76, 10, 747-752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2015.09.032
Immediate effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on scapular dyskinesia of volleyball players
Authors: Meneghini Gisele Oltramari , Adamatti Fernanda Silvestre , Dhein William
Published: November 2020

Background: Scapular dyskinesia can be caused by several factors, such as poor posture (thoracic kyphosis or cervical hyperlordosis) or changes in the activation and coordination of the scapular stabilizing muscles. Therefore, the term is correctly used when there is a change in the scapular biomechanics at rest or during movement. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of PNF on scapular dyskinesia of volleyball players. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with volleyball players. The study sample consisted of 32 individuals of both sexes, with ages between 14 and 17 years who presented scapular dyskinesia, identified by anamnesis and physical examination. To collect data, a sociodemographic evaluation developed by the researchers was used, containing personal data, pain evaluation through the Nordic Pain Questionnaire, and an image and video record was made for the analysis of photogrammetry and the Scapular Dyskinesia Test. For the data analysis a significance level of 5% was adopted. Results: Most of the sample (71.9%) practiced volleyball for more than a year, 65.6% trained three times a week, 84.4% were attackers, 96.9% were right-handed and 100% of the sample presented pain symptoms in the last twelve months. There was a significant difference in the abduction test of both scapulae and in the weight discharge of the right upper limb after the protocol. Conclusion: PNF has been shown to be effective in the initial phase of the treatment of scapular dyskinesia acting on neuromuscular balance and scapular orientation.
Heart rate variability and respiratory muscle strenght in a stroke patient submitted to neurofeedback: A case report
Authors: Castro Silva Luana Karoline , De Sousa Barbara Galdino , Nascimento Filho Paulo Cezar , Duarte Florence Tupinambá , Santana José Rogério , Santos Junior Francisco Fleury Uchoa
Published: November 2020

Background: Stroke is a neurological disease that causes sudden loss of brain functions. One of the most important symptoms is hemiparesis, which due to the weakness of the trunk promotes a decrease in diaphragmatic power and impairs pulmonary function. In addition to the respiratory system, stroke can lead to impairment of the cardiovascular system. This occurs when the Autonomic Nervous System is affected, increasing the risk of the development of Heart Rate Variability due to sympathetic hyperactivity, this condition may predict an unfavorable prognosis after stroke. Case presentation: The aim of this study was to evaluate the variability of heart rate and respiratory muscle strength in a 61-year-old female patient diagnosed with a stroke three months prior to the study submitted to Neurofeedback training. That’s the first report of this kind in the literature. Cardiopulmonary evaluation was performed with a focus on heart rate and respiratory muscle strength before and after an intervention with five brain training sessions using the Neurofeedback BrainLink LITE. Conclusion: After therapy, significant alterations in the Delta wave increase and reduction of the Alpha wave were observed, also changes in the Autonomic Nervous System parameters were observed, with reduction of the sympathetic activity and increase of the parasympathetic activity, along with that, a reduction in the stress index was observed. The intervention was still positive in the improvement of respiratory parameters, with an increase in the overall inspiratory muscle strength index (S-Index) and peak inspiratory flow (PIF). It is suggested that Neurofeedback is efficient in recovering functions related to Autonomic Nervous System and respiratory system.
Effects of mulligan concept in classical ballet dancers with pain in the lower limbs
Authors: Aguiar Letícia Lopes , Dos Santos Araújo Vanessa Assunção , De Andrade Mesquita Laiana Sepúlveda
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The Mulligan concept is a manual therapy technique that addresses the restoration of arthrocinematic processes and inadequate osteocinematic movements, resulting in reduced muscle tension, postural failure and pain relief. Objectives: To analyze the effectiveness of the Mulligan concept in reducing lower limb pain processes in classical dancers. Methods: Longitudinal study, approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Universidade Estadual do Piauí, according to the decision of No. 2064503, composed by 4 classical dancers. An evaluation of the pain level was performed using a digital algometer (Wagner Instruments) with a ten-kilogram-force (Kgf) capacity in dancers who presented painful symptoms in the knee. The level pain before and after the intervention with the Mulligan concept was verified in the following points: patellar ligament (PL), medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL). The Mulligan concept was performed actively, painlessly, with adjustments by the therapist and was maintained at the end of the knee amplitude for 10 seconds. This protocol was repeated 3 times in the first attendance, in the second 10 times, in the third there were 2 repetitions of 10 slides and in the subsequent attendances there were 3 repetitions of 10 slides. Results: An increase in the average of the pain threshold in patellar, medial collateral and lateral collateral ligaments was observed in all participants of the study, when comparing the initial values of the 1st care and the final values of the 12th Mulligan session. The lateral collateral ligament presented the most significant result, with p = 0.02. Statistical analysis was performed through the BioEstat 5.0 program. The Shapiro-Wilk tests were applied to assess the normality of variables, and the t-student test was considered statistically significant p<0.05. Conclusion: statistically the lateral collateral ligament showed an immediate and lasting significant improvement in the pain threshold of the dancers with the therapeutic intervention of the Mulligan concept.
Effects of ziclague phytotherapic associated with kinesitherapy on the equine foot of children with spastic cerebral palsy
Authors: Martins Jéssika da Silva , Golin Marina Ortega
Published: November 2020

Background: Spasticity is the most common disorder of Cerebral Palsy (CP) and has the characteristics of decreased active movement,elastic hypertonia and hyperreflexia. Because of this, one of the main purposes of treatment is to decrease hypertonia. Thus, the herbalmedicine Ziclague®, having an antispasmodic action, may offer a new possibility in addition to physiotherapy. Objective: Verify theeffects of the application of the herbal medicine Ziclague on hypertonia of the sural triceps muscle of children with spasticCP. Methods: Ten children, between one and seven years of age, received application of Ziclague® spray on the triceps sural musclebefore the physiotherapy sessions, during the period of twelve weeks. Evaluations were performed using the Modified Ashworth Scale(MAS), Durigon Protocol (DP) and goniometry, before and after application on the first day, after four weeks and at the end of twelveweeks. The four evaluations were compared. Results: After twelve weeks the results were more evident, with a decrease in hypertoniaof the right lower limb (RLL) and left lower limb (LLL) verified by MAS (p= 0.06 and p= 0.13), and by the DP (p= 0.003 and p= 0.007).Goniometry showed increased range of motion for dorsiflexion of the RLL (p= 0.002) and LLL (p= 0.111). Conclusion: The use ofZiclague® associated with physiotherapy had a positive effect in decreasing hypertonia of the sural triceps muscle and in increasing theankle dorsiflexion range of motion.
Effects of upper cervical joints manipulation on the signs and symptoms of subjects with headache: a blind clinical trial.
Authors: Sakabe Fabiana Forti , Sakabe Daniel Iwai , Bortolazzo Gustavo Luiz
Published: November 2020

There is a relationship between headaches and dysfunctions in the upper cervical spine, so joint manipulation in this region can be a useful tool for recovering tissue mobility and improving the related symptoms. Objectives: to evaluate the effect of 3 sessions of manipulation of the upper cervical spine on pain, cervical mobility, neck disability index (NDI) and the MIDAS questionnaire of subjects with headache. Methods: 13 subjects (28.1 ± 6.7 years) with headache participated. Initially, they filled in a pain diary for 4 weeks. After this period, NDI and MIDAS questionnaire were applied. Then, the cervical spine movements were measured with a tape measure, with the subject in the seated position. Subsequently, the intervention was performed (3 sessions with an interval of 7 days between them), with the subject positioned in the supine position and the global manipulation for the upper cervical spine was applied bilaterally. At the end of the intervention, subjects were re-evaluated for cervical mobility and for the NDI and MIDAS questionnaire. After that period, subjects answered the pain diary for another 4 weeks (follow up). The statistical analysis consisted of the KS normality test, followed by ANOVA test (and Tukey post hoc test) or paired Student's t test, with the level of significance set at 5%. Results: MIDAS questionnaire and NDI showed a significant improvement after the cervical mobility intervention. The pain parameters, assessed by the pain diary, were significantly reduced during the intervention and remained so in the follow up evaluation. Conclusion: the intervention was effective in reducing the signs and symptoms of subjects with headache.
Environmental quality assessment in Kirovsk (Murmansk Region) based on the state of Siberian spruce needles
Authors: Aleksandrova Evgenia Y. , Trotsenko Alla A. , Kalinovskaya Lyudmila S.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents data on environmental quality assessment of the state of Siberian spruce needles (Picea obovata) in Kirovsk, Murmansk Region for the period autumn 2019. It is confirmed that the methods of bioindication of the environment using coniferous plants are based primarily on the study of their morphological and structural changes. It was found that the condition of Siberian spruce needles in the study area (Kirovsk, Murmansk Region) is assessed as satisfactory. The average percentage of the area of damaged plants at different sampling points ranges from 1,96 to 2,4%. With the height of the tree, the needles become more susceptible to drying out, which may be due to an increase in the age (aging) of shoots and needles, as well as the action of abiotic factors (wind, precipitation). The dependence of the average percentage of damage on height was not revealed. The main conclusion is that the state of the environment in Kirovsk, Murmansk Region is rated as good. Indicators for assessing the state of the environment in the study areas differ slightly. The obtained data can be used for monitoring the environment of various districts of the Murmansk Region and other areas of Northern latitudes, for making a plan of environmental measures and environmental monitoring of various industrial enterprises of the Murmansk Region.
Materials on phenology and ecology of the Batyrevskaya population of Iris aphilla L. (Chuvash Republic)
Authors: Dimitriev Aleksandr V. , Rahmatullin Minazim M.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the history of discovery and distribution of Iris aphilla L., listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (status 2 category) in the Batyrevsky area of the State Nature Reserve Prisursky. It has been reported that the steppe biogeocoenosis, which was severely beaten out by cattle, is being reanimated and restored after 35 years after the establishment of the reserve regime. The results of phenological observations of the beginning of blooming of I. aphilla L. from 2004 to the present time (n = 17) are summarized. According to observations from 2004 to 2020, the early dates of the blooming phase of I. aphilla L. in the Batyrevsky population were noted in 2009, 2010, 2016 (May 14), 2019 (May 12), 2020 (May 10), and later in 2017 (May 23), 2011 (May 26), 2004 (May 28). The average date when the phenophase blooms is on May 1718 (or 5659 days from the vernal equinox). The influence of abnormally cold weather in the pre-winter period 20092010 on the population of I. aphilla L. has been analyzed. The results of this analysis suggest that the ecological scale of D.N. Tsyganov for this species should be extended by the parameter of cryothermal resistance from Cr 712 to Cr 112 for the northernmost Batyrevskaya population of the specified iris.
Materials to the fauna of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from streams and reservoirs of the Ergaki Natural Park (Western Sayan)
Authors: Dragan Sergey V.
Published: November 2020

For a little more than a century, researchers have been studying the fauna of caddisflies of streams and lakes of the Ergaki Natural Park. The paper provides a brief overview of studies of the caddisfly fauna in the upper part of the Oya and Us rivers basin. Caddisflies were collected in the Ergaki Natural Park (Western Sayan) in the 2015 using different methods. Altogether, collections were made at 13 sampling sites in the springs, streams and lakes. A total of 17 species belonging to 14 genera and 7 families were collected. Oligotricha lapponica (Hagen, 1864) and Lenarchus sp. are new to the caddisfly fauna of Western Sayan. Five species, Rhyacophila kaltatica Levanidova, Schmid, 1977; R. retracta Martynov, 1914; O. lapponica; Molanna angustata Curtis, 1834 and Lenarchus sp. are added to the list of Trichoptera from Ergaki Natural Park which now comprises 66 species. The highest species richness was recorded for the Bolshoye Lake. For the first time, caddisflies have been listed for lakes Tushkanchik and Nizhnee Buibinskoe, one and three species, respectively. In the Nizhnyaya Buiba River and its tributaries, 8 species of caddisflies were found.
Scientific and methodological conditions for adapting foreign experience of higher education internationalization
Authors: Aldakimova Olga V.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents an analysis of education internationalization as a leading direction in the development of higher education in the context of globalization. The author considers domestic and foreign theories of education internationalization, highlighting its political, economic, demographic and pedagogical aspects, which proves the multidimensional nature of this scientific and educational phenomenon. The need to strengthen Russias geopolitical influence in the world as well as strengthen the competitive advantages of Russian education actualizes research interest in the successful experience of foreign countries in the field of education internationalization and the possibility of its use in Russian universities. The scientific novelty and theoretical significance of the research lies in the substantiation and characterization of the scientific and methodological conditions for adapting the foreign experience of education internationalization. The author proves that scientific and methodological conditions for adapting foreign experience of education internationalization include theoretical and methodological conditions, organizational and methodological conditions, educational, methodological and psychological conditions. Comprehensive implementation of the identified conditions allows implementing of the international dimension in the educational, research and management activities of higher education institutions. The practical significance of the research is determined by the possibility of using the results obtained in the development of international activities of higher education institutions, in the integration of modern tools for higher education internationalization, taking into account Russian academic and scientific traditions.
Método de implementación de tareas para casa
Authors:   Universidade da Coruña, Rodríguez Martínez Susana
Published: November 2020

Esta propuesta se enmarca dentro del proyecto de investigación titulado: Calidad y equidad en la prescripción de deberes escolares: Diseño e implementación de propuestas basadas en evidencias empíricas.
Successful Macro-surgical Replantation of an amputated Penis
Authors: Alhasani Salam
Published: November 2020

Total penile amputation is an uncommon injury; 87% of the patients reported had psychiatric problems. Self-amputation of external genitals is known as Klingsor syndrome. A few patients had poor gender identity feeling themselves inadequate as males. Some cases arise from felonious assault by jealous homosexual lovers. In 1970 in Thailand, an epidemic was seen, of penile amputation as punishment for philandering by humiliated wives. Although replantation of the amputated penis has a high success rate, there may be some remaining squeals such as skin necrosis and urethral stricture or fistula. We report a case of a macroscopic replantation of an amputated penis.
Irbesartan ameliorate inflammatory responses, and apoptosis induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in male rats
Authors: R. Hadi Najah , G. Al-Amran Fadhil
Published: November 2020

Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (I-R) represents a clinically relevant problem associated with thrombolysis, angioplasty and coronary bypass surgery. This study was undertaken to investigate the potential role of Irbesartan in amelioration of myocardial I/R injury induced by ligation of coronary artery (LAD) in a rat model. We are pretreated the animals with Irbesartan 3mg/kg i.p. 30 minutes before ligation of LAD. At the end of experiment (2 h of reperfusion), blood samples were collected from the heart for measurement of plasma level of cardiac troponin I (cTn-I). Compared with the sham group, levels of myocardial TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1 alpha, and plasma cTn-I were increased (P<0.05). Histologically, all rats in control group showed significant cardiac injury after I-R. Furthermore, rats in control group showed significant apoptosis. Irbesartan significantly counteract the increased in myocardium level of TNF-α, IL-1B, IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1 alpha, plasma cTn-I and apoptotosis (P<0.05). Histological analysis revealed that Irbesartan markedly reduced the severity of heart injury in the rats underwent LAD ligation procedure. We concluded that Irbesartan may ameliorate myocardial I/R injury in rats via interfering with inflammatory reactions and apoptosis which induced by I/R injury.
A hybrid approach of homomorphic encryption and differential privacy for privacy preserving classification
Authors: Zorarpacı Ezgi , Özel Selma Ayşe
Published: November 2020

Privacy preserving data mining is a substantial research area that aims at protecting the privacy of individuals while enabling to perform data mining techniques. In this study, we propose a secure protocol that fulfils the privacy restriction by combining homomorphic encryption with differential privacy and integrate this protocol into Holte’s One Rule which is a simple, but accurate and efficient classification algorithm. The proposed method allows a researcher to get the answers of his/her queries to build One Rule classifier by processing the encrypted training dataset under Paillier’s cryptosystem and also applies differential privacy to minimize the privacy leakage of individuals as much as possible in this training dataset. Therefore, both of security and privacy of the individuals in the training dataset for classification are provided thanks to our proposed method; since neither the parties, nor the researcher attain any information about the individuals in the database. Besides the One Rule classifier, we apply our proposed privacy preservation model to Naïve Bayes classification algorithm for the performance comparison, and show the efficiency of the proposed method through experiments on real data from UCI repository.
In Memoriam: Mario J. Valdés, RSC (1934-2020)
Authors: Hutcheon Linda
Published: November 2020

Nota In Memoriam
Nota de la directora
Authors: Cisneros Odile
Published: November 2020

Nota de la directora por Odile Cisneros
Biblioteca digital de agricultura urbana: guia do bibliotecário
Authors: Barcelos Janinne , Costa Michelli , Garcia de Souza Marcel
Published: November 2020

A Biblioteca Digital de Agricultura Urbana (BDAU) foi desenvolvida de acordo com os princípios citados e em conformidade com importantes diretrizes para bibliotecas digitais consistentes e interoperáveis. Com isto, o sistema se apresenta como integrante relevante no conjunto das fontes de informação para a temática da Agricultura Urbana. Certamente a BDAU também está apta a integrar a somatória de instrumentos de organização, preservação e difusão da memória do conhecimento humano. A BDAU cultiva a cultura informacional de qualidade que é solo e raiz para as transformações almejadas pela prática da agricultura urbana. A obra aqui apresentada é uma síntese da proposta de instrumentalização da biblioteca digital para a constituição de uma cultura informacional que reflita uma nova consciência ambiental e social. Como proposta, o seu desenvolvimento demanda constante reflexão e aperfeiçoamento. A semente foi plantada, agora é necessário cultivá-la como uma obra frutífera e coletiva.
IDB Group Strategic Priorities and the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: November 2020

The IDB Group's strategic priorities support all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasizing the region's most critical development challenges and cross-cutting issues. This chart illustrates how the IDB Group's strategic priorities are aligned with the 17 SDGs.
Research Insights: Can Struggling Primary School Readers Improve Their Reading through Targeted Remedial Interventions?
Authors: Álvarez Marinelli Horacio , Berlinski Samuel , Busso Matías
Published: November 2020

This paper assesses the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at improving the reading skills of struggling third-grade students in Colombia. In a series of randomized experiments, students participated in remedial tutorials conducted in small groups during school hours. Trained instructors used structured pedagogical materials that can be easily scaled up. Informed by the outcomes of each cohort, the intervention tools are fine-tuned for each subsequent cohort. The paper finds positive and persistent impacts on literacy scores and positive spillovers on some mathematics scores. The effectiveness of the program grew over time, likely because of higher dosage and the fine-tuning of materials.
ASSESSING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CARE QUALITY AND HOUSEHOLD CHORE RULES IN RESIDENTIAL CARE INSTITUTIONS IN JAPAN
Authors: Mizuki Rie , Kyuzen Mamiko , Nishizawa Satoru , Mori Shigeyuki
Published: November 2020

The performance of household chores by children in Japanese residential care institutions has been widely accepted as a practice that fosters children’s independence and self-sufficiency. However, children coming from neglectful or dysfunctional families often require sensitive, individualized care, which they did not receive from their family of origin. While a shift away from large-scale institutions has begun, with smaller units or group homes now accounting for 40% of all care institutions, it is not clear that family-like, individualized care has been achieved in these smaller group homes. This study involved 61 participants aged 10 to 15 years and their care workers from six residential care institutions in the greater Tokyo area. It explored what aspects of care quality were related to the presence of certain characteristics of traditional management-oriented care: fixed rules for household chores and lack of choice in daily living. Care workers were asked whether children washed their own dishes, did their own laundry, chose their own clothes when shopping, and had mandatory events to attend in the residential care institutions. Care quality was assessed using the Early Adolescent HOME (Home Observation for Measurement of Environment) developed for Japanese residential care institutions (EA-HOME-JP). The findings suggest that care workers should re-examine their intentions in setting and applying household chore rules while exploring which aspects of child care, including regulatory activities and modeling, should be emphasized in order to actualize family-like and individualized care in institutions.
Real World Effectiveness of Information and Communication Technologies in Disaster Relief: A Systematic Review
Authors: LU Bingqing , ZHANG Xingyi , WEN Jin
Published: November 2020

Background: The application of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in disaster relief is increasingly widespread, but it is still unclear whether ICT can reduce casualties and economic losses in disaster response phase.
Methods: We searched studies in the databases of Scopus, EI, MEDLINE and EMBASE from Jan 1, 1990, to Mar 22, 2019. Excel 2016 and VOSviewer (version 1.6.11) were used to analyze the extracted data and visualize the network diagram.
Results: We included 169 eligible articles. The number of ICTs-related disaster-relief articles published annually shows an overall trend of growth since 1990. The United States has the greatest influence in this field. The 169 articles reported twenty-four technologies and the top three reported most frequently were remote sensing, social media, and geographic information system (GIS). The main roles of ICTs in natural disaster rescue included information dissemination, post-disaster image collection and damage assessment. However, of the 169 articles, only five reported that ICTs reduced casualties or economic losses in disaster response phase, two concluded that rescue robot was ineffective in mudslide rescue, and the remaining 162 (95.86%) did not evaluate the effect of ICTs on the rescue.
Conclusion: ICTs have the potential to reduce casualties and economic losses, but some technologies are not applicable to all rescue scenarios. In addition, most studies did not pay attention to the effect of technology on the rescue.
Determinants of Household Food Basket Composition: A Systematic Review
Authors: SOBHANI Seyyed Reza , BABASHAHI Mina
Published: November 2020

Background: Demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental determinants are important to population health status in all countries and diet is the main way that these factors could affect health. We aimed to conduct a systematic review of recent research evidence about these determinants of household food basket composition.
Methods: The PRISMA guideline was used to the reproducibility of this systematic review. Three databases including PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were systematically searched from 1991 to Dec 2017.
Results: Thirty four studies were included. Most studies were done in the United States. Three categories of determinants including the demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental define the contribution of different food groups in the household food basket. These factors determine the healthiness of family diet.
Conclusion: Many determinants affect household food basket. Comprehensive consideration of policymakers to these factors is essential to creating and maintaining a healthy society.
How Does Nutritional Status Affect Outcomes in Patients with Neurological Diseases?
Authors: GÜZEL Şükran , GÜRÇAY Eda , KARACA UMAY Ebru , MERCİMEKÇİ Serdar , ÇAKCI Aytül
Published: November 2020

Background: To evaluate the nutritional status of patients with neurological diseases during the rehabilitation process and to investigate the relationships between the nutritional status and disease severity and clinical evaluation outcomes.
Methods: In this prospective trial, 109 patients with a disease duration of <6 months, hospitalized for neurological rehabilitation in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara, Turkey were enrolled from 2014-17. All patients were assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) test, European Quality of Life Scale (Euro-QoL), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburg Rehabilitation Participation Scale (PRPS), and Functional Ambulation Category (FAC). Nutritional status was analyzed by biochemical and anthropometric parameters. The patients received a conventional rehabilitation program and a nutritional support according to clinical and laboratory findings for 4 weeks. The outcome data were evaluated at baseline and at the end of 4-week treatment.
Results: Linear regressions analysis revealed that the significant independent predictors that associated positively with baseline insulin (P=0.010) and negatively with baseline cortisol (P=0.020) levels were Brunnstrom upper and hand stages. Additionally, the significant independent predictor that associated positively with baseline insulin (P=0.041) was Brunnstrom lower stage.
Conclusion: Insulin and cortisol levels may be predictors in motor function recovery of stroke patients in rehabilitation process. Early detection and treatment of malnutrition both during hospitalization and follow-up might be important for the improvement of outcomes.
Effects of Counselling on Quality of Life among Cancer Patients in Malaysia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: PERIASAMY Ummavathy , MOHD-SIDIK Sherina , AKHTARI- ZAVARE Mehrnoosh , RAMPAL Lekhraj , ISMAIL Siti Irma Fadhilah , MAHMUD Rozi
Published: November 2020

Background: We aimed to assess whether “Managing Patients on Chemotherapy” book is effective to improve quality of life (QOL) of cancer patient via counselling by pharmacist.
Methods: A randomized control trial study was run among 2120 cancer patients in public hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia, from Apr 2016-Jan 2018. The treatment group received counselling regarding chemotherapy by using developed module. The data were collected at three time-points: baseline, 1st, 2nd and 3rd follow-ups after counseling by Validated Malay version of the WHOQOL-BREF of questionnaire. Data analyses were done using χ2 and two-way repeated measure ANOVA.
Results: The treatment group improved significantly as compared to control group in physical health, psychological health, social relationship, environment and overall QOL (P<0.00).
Conclusion: The “Managing Patients on Chemotherapy” book along with repetitive counselling by pharmacists is a useful intervention for improving QOL of cancer patients undergoing treatment.
Correlation Analysis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Diges-tive Tract Symptoms in Children and Related Factors of Infec-tion
Authors: YU Xiaohong , FENG Dongjin , WANG Guangmeng , DONG Zhongmao , ZHOU Qi , ZHANG Yuan
Published: November 2020

Background: To analyze the correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and digestive tract symptoms in children and other related factors, and to explore the risk factors of H. pylori infection in children and the expression of inflammatory factors in H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative children.
Methods: Overall, 234 children with H. pylori test in Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University (Xuzhou, China) were enrolled. Among them, 73 children were H. pylori-positive and 161 were H. pylori-negative. The expression levels of cytokines interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative children were determined by ELISA. The correlation between H. pylori-positive and general data, digestive tract symptoms, other clinical symptoms, living habits, eating habits, family history and other related factors was statistically analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors of H. pylori infection in children.
Results: Family monthly income, inattentive eating, sharing toothbrushes and cups, gnawing fingers, eating fried food, drinking raw water, eating smoked and pickled food, father suffering from gastropathy and mother suffering from gastropathy were independent risk factors for H. pylori infection in children. The most common digestive tract symptoms of children with H. pylori infection were abdominal pain, accompanied by one or more clinical symptoms. The expression levels of IL-8, IL-18 and IFN-γ in H. pylori-positive children were significantly higher than those in H. pylori-negative children.
Conclusion: Prevention of H. pylori infection in children is helpful for healthy growth of children, and cytokines IL-8, IL-18, IFN-γ have the potential to be used as biomarkers for diagnosis of H. pylori-positive children.
LncRNA HOTAIR Promotes Proliferation of Malignant Mela-noma Cells Through NF-κB Pathway
Authors: WANG Jun , CHEN Jingxin , JING Gang , DONG Daoquan
Published: November 2020

Background: To study the effects of long non-coding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) on the proliferation and apoptosis of malignant melanoma cells, and to explore its specific regulatory mechanism through the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway.
Methods: LncRNA HOTAIR small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were designed and synthesized, and the effects of si-HOTAIR transfection on the proliferation and apoptosis of malignant melanoma cells were detected via cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The gene expressions were determined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), the changes in NF-κB pathway-related proteins and apoptosis-associated proteins after interference in lncRNA HOTAIR were detected via Western blotting, and the level of NF-κB in each group was determined via ELISA.
Results: The results of CCK-8 assay revealed that the cell proliferation rate significantly declined gradually in si-HOTAIR group compared with that in si-NC group and control group (P<0.05). The results of Western blotting and ELISA showed that the activity of NF-κB in si-HOTAIR group was weakened (P<0.05), suggesting that down-regulation of HOTAIR can suppress the activity of NF-κB. Compared with si-NC group and control group, si-HOTAIR group had remarkably increased gene and protein expressions of pro-apoptotic Bax, and remarkably decreased gene and protein expressions of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 (P<0.05), demonstrating that down-regulation of HOTAIR can promote apoptosis.
Conclusion: Down-regulation of lncRNA HOTAIR can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of malignant melanoma cells and suppress the NF-κB pathway.
Evaluation of Drug and Alcohol Abuse in People Aged 15 Years and Older in Iran
Authors: NOORBALA Ahmad Ali , SALJOUGHIAN Armita , BAGHERI YAZDI Seyed Abbas , FAGHIHZADEH Elham , FARAHZADI Mohammad Hadi , KAMALI Koorosh , FAGHIHZADEH Soghrat , HAJEBI Ahmad , AKHONDZADEH Shahin , MOUSAVI Mir Taher
Published: November 2020

Background: Drug addiction is known as one of the health, medical and social problems of the present century. Beyond the harmful physical and mental consequences for addicts, drug abuse can cause serious social problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate drug and alcohol abuse in individuals aged 15 yr and over in Iran in 2015.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on individuals aged 15 yr and older who lived in urban and rural areas of Iran. Overall, 36,600 individuals were selected by systematic and cluster random sampling. The postal code was used to access the samples in 31 provinces of Iran. In each province 1200 individuals (50% men, 50% women) were evaluated. The used instrument was the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), and data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: The results showed 4.6% of individuals used Opium and its derivatives, 0.4% used Cannabis, 0.4% used Amphetamine stimulants, 6.1% used Sedative drugs, and 2.6% used Alcoholic beverages on a regular basis. Within the last 12 months, 3.9% of individuals used Opium and its derivatives, 0.4% used Cannabis, 0.3% used Amphetamine stimulants, 5.8% used Sedative drugs, and 1.9% used Alcoholic beverages. With the exception of Sedatives drugs men used more drugs than women and residents of rural areas used more opium and its derivatives than other groups of drugs. Based on the provincial distribution, Kerman and Qom used the highest and lowest prevalence percentage of Opium and its derivatives respectively.
Conclusion: Overall, 2340000 individuals were addicts used Opium and its derivatives in 2015, therefore, medical and health officials should take all necessary measures to deal with these serious social problems.
Identifying and Prioritizing Strategies for Developing Medical Tourism in the Social Security Organization of Iran: A SWOT-AHP Hybrid Approach
Authors: NAJAFINASAB Mirhojjat , AGHELI Lotfali , SADEGHI Hossein , FARAJI DIZAJI Sajjad
Published: November 2020

Background: The present study aimed to identify and prioritize strategies for medical tourism improvement in the Social Security Organization (SSO) of Iran.
Methods: Using Delphi method in the first step, we identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that Social Security Organization of Iran faces in medical tourism during 2017-2018. In the second step we interviewed 100 medical and tourism experts to identify proper strategies using SWOT method and finally prioritize strategies through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) by using Expert Choice software.
Results: The application of SWOT technique indicated that the dominant strategy for the Iranian SSO should be conservative. It should overcome its internal weaknesses and exploit its external opportunities. The Iranian Social Security Organization should arrange appropriate marketing in target countries, invest in international medical/hospital standards, boost the communicative competence of personnel in SSO hospitals and create multilingual web-based information to introduce the capabilities and costs of the hospitals.
Conclusion: Since the SSO’s weaknesses are more prominent than its strengths, thus SSO should plan to reduce its weaknesses to boost medical tourism. For this purpose, SSO should design coherent plans for attract medical tourists to the organization’s hospitals, attempt to upgrade hospital and medical centers standards, train the medical staff regarding linguistic and communicative skills, and run a user-friendly website to introduce its medical capabilities.