bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desenvolvimento de app mobile para adoção de animais recuperados pela ONG Unidos pelas Patinhas - Pau dos Ferros/RN
Authors: Santos Joseanny , Souza Dyego Magno Oliveira , Silva Fátima Luana Abreu da , Sousa Reudismam Rolim de
Published: November 2022

A tecnologia vem se inserindo cada vez mais em nossa sociedade, facilitando a realização de tarefas do cotidiano, seja em âmbito empresarial, em atividades diárias, ou em qualquer outra área de nossa vida. Um dos âmbitos de aplicação das tecnologias são as organizações sem fins lucrativos (ONGs), que também encontraram na tecnologia um modo de realizar as atividades de maneira mais simplificada. Essa é uma necessidade da ONG Unidos Pelas Patinhas, que atualmente conta com um aumento na demanda de casos e processos internos. Por esse motivo, ela deseja uma solução para que os profissionais e as pessoas que colaboram diariamente possam fazer isso de maneira rápida. Neste sentido, a proposta de trabalho é o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo mobile que auxilie essa ONG na realização de algumas de suas operações. Em especial, o aplicativo voltou-se para o gerenciamento de pets e a adoção de animais.
Analysis of the Influence of International Economic and Trade Development on China's Economy
Authors: Liu Shengdong , Zhang Yu , Zhao Jiaqi , Zhang Chi
Published: November 2022

The development of international economy and trade is characterized by internationalization of production, liberalization of trade and regional integration. In order to realize the better development of China's social economy and enhance its international competitiveness and influence, we need to be aware of the positive effects of international economic and trade development on China's economy, such as attracting foreign investment, optimizing industrial structure, and developing foreign trade economy, as well as the negative effects of domestic economic development, such as international economic fluctuations, difficulties in introducing foreign companies, and difficulties in the development of labor-intensive industries. We should strengthen the development of high-tech industries, strengthen the development and utilization of talents, and create a reasonable foreign trade development mechanism, so as to ensure better economic development.
Opportunities, Challenges and Countermeasures of Government Public Management in The Era of Big Data
Authors: Zhou Yixuan , Zheng Kuaijie , Xie Qi , Gao Le
Published: November 2022

All along, the state regards science and technology as the primary productive force, so as to promote economic growth, social progress and national development. As the leading force of public management, the government is not only the practitioner of information construction, but also the guide. Nowadays, the amount of information involved in government public management is increasing, and the application of big data in government public management ensures that information acquisition is more convenient, faster and more accurate, and lays a good foundation for the stable development of society. This paper analyzes the challenges faced by government public management in the era of big data, and puts forward practical countermeasures and suggestions.
Research on 3D Technology in The Field of Education
Authors: Zhu Wenjie , Lou Yunbiao
Published: November 2022

With the continuous development of science and technology, the continuous innovation of network and digital electronic culture has brought a huge impact on the traditional book culture, which makes the educational means and classroom mode in the field of education constantly change, and the future classroom will be more scientific and technological. Among them, 3D holographic projection is an embodiment. With the improvement of teaching requirements, 3D holographic projection technology will one day replace today's ordinary projector into the classroom and into the classroom, giving students strong visual shock and wonderful classroom effects.
Social Media, Quality Information, and Entertainment Services: A Case Study of Escape Stores in Hangzhou
Authors: Yang Ruiyu
Published: November 2022

In recent years, China's leisure and entertainment market have developed rapidly, with various board games and escape stores emerging in endlessly. Social media has become one of the important channels for the industry to disseminate high-quality information to consumers. However, whether social media convey valid quality information on entertainment services? What are the most frequently mentioned topics of entertainment on social media? We try to answer these questions by studying Meituan, the leading online platform for leisure and entertainment services in China. We use NLP technics to extract keywords from consumer reviews and conduct basic analysis on vouchers and discounts provided by stores. We find that the majority of escape stores’ ratings are high(over 4.5), and the distribution of stores’ ratings is a roughly J-shape. Moreover, except for the game instruction voucher, the other three vouchers’ average discount is very similar. And we also find that consumers’ review most frequently mention the scene of escape stores.
Research on the Profit Model of Virtual Idols - Taking Bilibili as an Example
Authors: Sun Weiting , Wang Zhiyan , Zheng Wenxin
Published: November 2022

As a new product in today’s economic environment, virtual idols have a significant role in driving the economic growth of the industry. However, although the virtual idol industry has produced considerable profits, the virtual idol industry is still in its formative years and there are many immaturities, and there is still much to explore in terms of the profitability of the virtual idol industry. The profitability model of its virtual idols in Bilibili has significant implications for the development of China’s virtual idol industry. This paper firstly compares the development history of Bilibili’s virtual idols. After that, we analyze the profit model of Bilibili virtual idols from five aspects. Finally, by pointing out the shortcomings of the development of the Bilibili virtual idol industry, the future development of China's virtual idol industry will be a prospect and relevant suggestions will be given.
Analysis of Replicability of Popular Short Videos: Case from “Dian Di La Hai” in Tiktok
Authors: Gu Anqi , Li Qianhui
Published: November 2022

With the expansion of the Tiktok platform in China and the increase of the number of public users, in a short time, how to make better advantage of the Tiktok platform to achieve the output of high-quality short video content, build an excellent public image and promote its social promotion has become an essential bottleneck for brands to achieve widespread communication and marketing profit. Only by breaking these barriers can we help brands and enterprises, especially the relatively weak SMEs, obtain double success in both media communication and publicity and marketing. This essay adopts the case analysis method to analyze the replicability of popular short videos based on their marketing strategies and content output to provide inspiration and measures for relevant stakeholders. Although the research and analysis have certain limitations and need to be continuously improved in the future, it still has constructive research suggestions for the promotion and marketing of short videos on the Tiktok platform in the short term.
Long-span Steel Structure System and Application Case Summary
Authors: Li Lin
Published: November 2022

This paper introduces the origin and development of long-span steel structure system, focuses on the characteristics and composition of grid structure system, reticulated shell structure system, pipe truss structure system, chord supported structure system, and cable structure, and analyzes and studies the typical cases of five basic structure systems of long-span steel structure, such as three center round coal shed, Tianjin Binhai station, Shenyang Olympic Sports Center, etc. The purpose is to provide beginners with introductory knowledge and reference cases and to provide references for structural personnel to choose the appropriate structural system.
Congenital Prepubic Sinus – A Case Report and Review of Latest Literature
Authors: Rinaldhy Kshetra , Yani Ahmad , Siregar Nurjati , Widyani Ni , Taufik Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Congenital prepubic sinus (CPS) is a rare congenital abnormality in the urinary tract
in the form of remnant ducts that extend from skin openings near the pubic
symphysis to various areas. Due to its anatomical and pathological variation, the
clinical manifestation of this condition has a wide spectrum. This paper shows one of
the youngest reported cases of CPS that was successfully treated with surgery. This
paper aims to elucidate and provide the current literature review in order to increase
awareness towards CPS diagnosis in general practitioners, pediatricians, and
surgeons.

Case report:
Here we present a 2-months-old female baby with a CPS that presented a purulent
discharge and recurrent abscess from an opening since birth. Prior to surgery, the
patient had visited multiple health care provider until a definitive diagnosis of CPS
could be established, which was followed by the administration of topical antibiotic
prior to surgery. The condition was diagnosed through abdominal CT imaging and
treated with a simple surgical technique aided with methylene blue dye.

Conclusion:
Clinicians should consider the differential diagnosis of congenital anomaly such as
CPS in a patient presenting with purulent discharge or erythema from accessory
meatus in the pubic region.
e-Powered Multi-purpose two-row seeder for smallholders
Authors: SINGH S P , SINGH MUKESH K , EKKA UTPAL , SINGH M K
Published: November 2022

Spinach and coriander are cultivated using traditional method by majority of marginal and small landholders. No seed drill is available for sowing of these vegetable crops. The objective of present study was to provide such a seeder that can reduce manual work done by farmers. An attempt was made to develop electric power (e-power) walk behind seeder at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi in year 2015. The major workload was shared by e-power. The unit consisted of a DC geared motor, batteries, power transmission unit, independent seeding units with vertical cell fed metering mechanism, swinging handle and frame. The seeder was tested for spinach, coriander and wheat seeds. Lab study on sticky belt indicated that wheat seed showed better uniformity in distribution followed by spinach and coriander. From field studies, output with e-powered 350W seeder was 1130 m2/h at a speed of about 2.9 km/h with field efficiency of 90.3% for tested seeds. The average draft requirement of machine was 106.1N. The developed equipment provided 2.5 times more output than manually operated seed drill with reduced drudgery by 2.6 times in terms of muscular force requirement.
Genetic diversity of mango (Mangifera indica) bioactive components
Authors: VEENA G L , MURALIDHARA B M , RAJAN S
Published: November 2022

The move towards fruit with high concentration of specific nutritional components will help the breeders to select appropriate genotypes which can be used as key drivers in nutritional breeding. Consequently, the present study illustrated that, wide variation exists in the major nutraceuticals of mango which provides opportunities for genetic gain through selection or hybridization. The study showed wider genetic variability among the genotypes for biochemical components. Genotypes Amrapli, Alphonso, Langra and Aminkhurd are good source of phenols, carotenoids and antioxidants. Total phenols were indicated as the parameter under the control of additive gene which can be considered for further improvement through selection and it is also having a significant positive correlation with total antioxidants and total flavonoids. The a* and b* value of colour can be considered as a direct selection criterion for carotenoids rich genotypes. Thus, the selection may be possible for these traits or can be used as potential parents in hybridization programme for developing nutritionally rich genotypes in mango.
El Principio de No Regresión en materia ambiental: análisis de dos casos de directrices transgresoras
Authors: Sagot Rodríguez Álvaro
Published: November 2022

El principio de no regresión en materia ambiental, jurídicamente es efecto y eslabón, logrado materializar en el marco de una sociedad en crisis, que trata de establecer hitos mínimos de respeto a la biodiversidad, pensando en las generaciones que incluso no han nacido. En el artículo que se presenta a continuación se analiza el contenido de este novedoso principio y sus alcances en Costa Rica, a la luz de la firma de instrumentos internacionales, la jurisprudencia nacional y dos casos previstos en directrices administrativas que están siendo estudiados en la Sala Constitucional.
Therapeutic effect of Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum resin in rats with letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Shieh Amir , Bagheri Seyyed Majid , Yadegari Maryam , Javidmehr Davoud , Farhadi Zeinab
Published: November 2022

Objective: Asafoetida is a gum derived from Ferula assa-foetida, which is used in traditional Iranian medicine to treat some reproductive system disorders. The effects of asafoetida on ovarian tissue, expression of certain genes associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and levels of liver, kidney, and blood cell factors after treatment in a rat model were investigated.Methods: Thirty rats were divided into five groups: normal, polycystic, and treatment with three doses of asafoetida (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg for 3 weeks after PCOS induction). PCOS was induced by letrozole at a dose of 1 mg/kg administered orally for 3 weeks. Blood samples were taken, and the ovaries were removed and prepared for histomorphometric examination. Liver and kidney parameters were measured. The mRNA expression levels of luteinizing hormone receptor, CYP11A1, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, adiponectin, and adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 were also measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: The levels of liver, kidney, and blood parameters did not significantly differ between the treatment groups and the control group. At doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg, ovarian histopathology, especially the thicknesses of the theca and granulosa layers, was significantly improved relative to the PCOS group. The expression of target genes also improved in the 25 and 50 mg/kg treatment groups.Conclusion: Asafoetida can be used to treat PCOS as a complementary approach to conventional therapies. Asafoetida appears to act by regulating and activating metabolic and ovarian cycle enzymes.
SPLIT DUAL JACOBSTHAL AND JACOBSTHAL-LUCAS QUATERNIONS
Authors: TOKESER UMIT , UNAL ZAFER
Published: November 2022

Many researchs have been studied on quaternions since Hamilton introduced them to the literature in 1843. In our paper, we gave split dual Jacobsthal (SDJ) and split dual Jacobsthal-Lucas (SDJL) quaternions over the algebra H(μ,n) with the basis {1; e1; e2; e3}, where  μ,n ∈ Z. Binet like formulaes are obtained for these quaternions. Also, given Vajda identities for SDJ and SDJL quaternions.As a special case of Vajda identities, d'Ocagne's, Cassini's and Catalan's identities are represented.
HEART FAILURE AND URATE-LOWERING THERAPY: CLINICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Барсуков Антон Владимирович , Борисова Екатерина Викторовна , Дыдышко Владислав Тадеевич , Наумкина Полина Ивановна
Published: November 2022

Сердечная недостаточность (СН) - широко распространенное заболевание, представляющее глобальную проблему. В этой связи актуальны исследования, направленные на поиск подходов, снижающих риски неблагоприятных событий, ассоциированных с СН. Эксперты солидарны в том, что существует острая потребность в наличии доступных в рутинной клинической практике рентабельных прогностических биомаркеров при СН. В этом обзоре сфокусировано внимание на мочевой кислоте, отражающей состояние пуринового обмена, который нарушается при кардиоваскулярной патологии. Гиперурикемия не только ассоциирована с увеличением частоты встречаемости СН, но и считается независимым предиктором смертности при острой и хронической СН. Ксантиноксидаза, регулирующая уровень мочевой кислоты в сыворотке, может служить терапевтической целью при СН. В обзоре приведены данные ряда клинических исследований и метаанализов, посвященных применению уратснижающих препаратов у пациентов с кардиоваскулярной патологией, включая СН.

Heart failure (HF) is a widespread disease that represents a global problem. In this regard, studies aimed at finding approaches that reduce the risks of adverse events associated with HF are relevant. Experts agree that there is an urgent need for cost - effective prognostic biomarkers in heart failure available in routine clinical practice. This review focuses on uric acid, which reflects the state of purine metabolism, which is impaired in cardiovascular pathology. Hyperuricemia is not only associated with an increased incidence of HF, but is also considered an independent predictor of mortality in acute and chronic HF. Xanthine oxidase, which regulates serum uric acid levels, may serve as a therapeutic target in HF. The review presents data from a number of clinical studies and meta - analyses on the use of urate - lowering drugs in patients with cardiovascular pathology, including heart failure.
Modelos de orientación e intervención psicopedagógic: modelo de intervención por programas /
Authors: Bausela Herreras Esperanza
Published: November 2022

Son diversos los modelos de orientaciónque sirven de guía a la acción orientadora.Con objeto de intentar sistematizarlo,presentaremos, en este artículo los distintosmodelos que sirven como marcos dereferencia a la hora de diseñar planes deactuación en el ámbito de la orientación.En este marco, profundizaremos en unmodelo concreto, el modelo de intervenciónpor programas, ya que permite desarrollaruna intervención psicopedagógicacon un carácter eminentemente preventivo,grupal y próximo a los principiosde intervención social y educativa. Finalizamoseste artículo con varios ejemplosde intervenciones que se apoyan en estemodelo.
Automatisierte Rechtsanwendung und ihre Grenzen
Authors: Steege Hans
Published: November 2022

This interdisciplinary work deals with automated application of the law and its limits using the example of automated/autonomous driving. It examines whether the regulatory content of the behavioural traffic regulations of the StVG/StVO is sufficient for automated/autonomous driving. Legal requirements are worked out and it is shown how these must be fulfilled. The dilemma situation is used to show which requirements arise for programming. Using the example of braking, it is examined whether vehicles can fulfil the existing traffic regulations. By means of the formalisation of the law, it is shown how laws must be adapted so that automated application of the law is possible.
Legitimacy, Entrepreneur Characteristics and Financing Effect of New Ventures - Evidence From Chinese Start-Ups
Authors: Su Ai , Tao Xiangnan , Xu Rongting
Published: November 2022

Research shows that both corporate legitimacy and entrepreneurs' personal characteristics have a significant impact on the financing effect of new ventures. However, there are few studies on the complex causal relationship between corporate legitimacy, entrepreneurs' personal characteristics and corporate financing effect. In this study, the legitimacy of new ventures is regarded as an important node of enterprise development, and the legitimacy of start-ups is regarded as two different situation variables of logical "yes" and "no" and the characteristics of entrepreneurs to complete the construction of the model. And the path to achieve high financing effect is deeply analyzed and discussed under the circumstance that the entrepreneur's personal characteristics are restricted by enterprise legality. Results show: in the enterprise legitimacy for logic "not" scenario, entrepreneurs with high education level and the business failure of personal characteristics is the necessary condition to obtain high financing effect, enterprise legitimacy as the logic of "is" scenario, entrepreneurs with high education level of personality is the necessary condition to obtain high financing effect.
Grain and cooking quality analysis in heat-tolerant QTL introgressed restorer of hybrid rice
Authors:   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., V Jaldhani , CN Neeraja ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., D Sanjeeva Rao ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., J Aravind Kumar ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., N Siromani ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., P Beulah ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., P Nagaraju ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., Y Manasa ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., PR Rao ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., D Subrahmanyam ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India., P Sudhakar ,   Biotechnology department, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, India., A Krishna Satya ,   Biotechnology department, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, India., P Senguttuvel ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India.
Published: November 2022

Rice grain yield and quality are affected by the high temperature stress to a large extent. Four promising backcross introgression lines (BC2 F8 ) of KMR-3R/N22 carrying qHTSF1.1, qHTSF4.1 and HT Score QTLs were evaluated for high-temperature induced rice grain and cooking quality during Rabi 2021. Late-sown staggered planting was adopted to ensure uniform high-temperature stress on the improved restorers along with the parents used, which resulted in significant yield loss and grain quality degradation due to hightemperature stress. For cooking quality metrics, ANOVA showed significant variation among genotypes (G), treatments (T), and G×T. Among the backcross introgression lines (BILs), RP6338-9 possesses qHTSF4.1 noted to be promising for grain quality traits under high temperature stress.
Survey and symptomatology of false smut [Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke)Takahashi] of rice
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, K Chaudhari Ankit
Published: November 2022

False smut of rice is one of the major emerging and destructive diseases especially in high yielding rice varieties of many rice growing regions of the India. False smut disease infection may initiate at the booting/ flowering stage and visible symptoms appear at the grain filling stage. For tracking the disease status, we undertook a survey to assess the disease incidence and severity levels in the rice growing areas of South Gujarat. Rice growing areas viz., Navsari, Surat, Valsad, Tapi and Dang and NAU farm were surveyed at grain maturity stage during the kharif 2017 and kharif 2018. In a random survey, two villages were selected in each district and per cent disease incidence, average smutted ball per panicle and disease severity index were recorded in each season. During field visits, we also recorded the symptoms of false smut on the basis of changing the colour of smut balls. Among the eleven surveyed locations, Jamalapada recorded maximum per cent disease incidence i.e., 12.15, 10.06 and 11.11 during 2017, 2018 and mean of two years, respectively. The maximum average smutted ball per panicle recorded was 2.80 per cent in Jamalapada, during 2017 and 2.52 per cent in Khatal, during 2018, while the mean maximum average smutted ball was 2.63 per cent in Jamalapada. Maximum disease severity index, observed in Jamalapada was 34.02, and 24.65 and during 2017 and 2018, respectively with a mean of 29.15. Infected spikelets of the panicle transformed into yellowish-orange to olive-green colour smut ball, almost double the size of the normal rice grains and unfertilized florets infection led to the production of chaffy grains. In severe cases, complete chaffy panicles with numerous smut balls were observed.
A simplified and effective off‐axis Winston–Lutz for single‐isocenter multi‐target SRS
Authors: Eagle Anton , Tallhamer Mike , Keener Justin , Geneser Sarah
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To safely perform single‐iso multi‐target (SIMT) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), clinics must demonstrate SRS delivery accuracy for off‐axis targets. The traditional Winston–Lutz (W–L) was widely adopted because it provides a simple and accurate solution for testing radiation‐isocenter coincidence that uses a static target, enables testing arbitrary treatment angles, and does not require expensive commercial phantoms. The current noncommercial tests are cumbersome and insufficiently accurate. For an off‐axis Winston–Lutz (OAWL) test, one must design MLC fields centered on off‐axis targets. Unfortunately, because MLC leaf‐interfaces are often misaligned with the target center, accomplishing this presents a nontrivial geometry problem that has not been previously solved in the literature. We present a solution for evaluating SIMT SRS accuracy that provides a straightforward method for creating OAWL test fields and offers all the benefits of the standard W–L test.

Methods

We have developed a method to use any gantry, table, and initial collimator angles to create OAWL fields. This method calculates a series of nested coordinate transformations that produce a small collimator angle adjustment to align the MLC and create a symmetric field around an off‐axis target.

Results

For an 8 cm off‐axis target, the described method yields OAWL results within 0.07 mm of standard isocentric W–L results. Our six most recent isocentric W–L tests show max and mean errors of 0.59 and 0.37 mm, respectively. For six runs of our proposed OAWL test, the average max and mean errors are 0.66 and 0.40 mm, respectively.

Conclusion

This method accurately evaluates SRS delivery accuracy for off‐axis distances that span the majority of a typical human brain for a centered SIMT arc. We have made this method publicly available, so that physicists can employ it within their clinics, foregoing the need for expensive phantoms and improving access to the state‐of‐the‐art SIMT SRS technique.
Levitational 3D Bioassembly and Density‐Based Spatial Coding of Levitoids
Authors: Moncal Kazim Kerim , Yaman Sena , Durmus Naside Gozde
Published: November 2022

Self‐assembly of cells into functional bioarchitectures with microscale spatial topographies are prevalent in nature. Despite the advances to recapitulate the native‐like microenvironment in vitro,fabrication of soft living materials with a deterministic control on the composition, functionality, and geometry, is still challenging. Here, a versatile, paramagnetically tunable, levitational biofabrication technique within a ring‐magnet system, RM‐LEV, is developed to assemble single cells or heterogeneous multicellular living architectures in a scaffold‐free manner. The self‐assembly and contactless biofabrication of multiple cell types into 3D multicellular “levitospheres” is demonstrated, where cellular positions are guided by levitation and density, simultaneously. Inherent density and diamagnetism of different cell types are leveraged to manipulate the geometry and self‐assembly of levitospheres into larger complex 3D structures, termed as “levitoids”. This approach is further applied to manipulate, position, and culture levitoids within a 3D hydrogel matrix under levitation, which preserves their viability and functionality. Thus, this study provides a foundation to create spatially heterogeneous 3D cellular assemblies with density‐coded bio‐architectures—which is not previously realized using magnetic levitation. This density‐based coding approach can be beneficial to study the cross‐talk between different cell types within spheroids and organoids, and be broadly applied to 3D bioprinting, tissue engineering, cancer, and neuroscience research.
Organic Thermoelectric Materials: Niche Harvester of Thermal Energy
Authors: Deng Longhui , Liu Yanrui , Zhang Yingyao , Wang Suhao , Gao Peng
Published: November 2022

Organic thermoelectric (OTE) materials promise convenient energy conversion between heat gradients and voltage with flexible and wearable power‐supplying devices at a low price. Although a variety of OTE materials are investigated, the TE performance is still far from practical application. To achieve high TE performance, a thorough understanding of the structure–property relationship in OTE materials is necessary. In this comprehensive review, the fundamentals of OTEs are summarized, the recent achievements of OTE materials are reviewed, and the relationship between structure and properties in high‐performance OTE materials is discussed. Furthermore, how the molecular backbones, side chains, energy levels, molecular packing, and heteroatom effect all play vital roles in thermoelectric properties is addressed. Finally, the future direction of research on OTE materials is envisaged.
Alternating Growth for InSitu Post‐Programing Hydrogels’ Sizes and Performance
Authors: Wang Hong , Xiong Xinhong , Yang Li , Fang Yuanlai , Xue Juan , Cui Jiaxi
Published: November 2022

Growing polymer materials emerge as a class of new intelligent systems, but they are all covalently cross‐linked. Herein, an alternating growth strategy for enabling tough supramolecular hydrogels is described to integrate externally provided compounds to change their sizes, geometric shapes, mechanical properties, etc. The hydrogels have dynamic acid–base complex (ABC) structures made from acidic and basic monomers, in which the acid–base pairs equilibrate between ionic and nonionic states to show either strong electrostatic or weak acid–base interactions. The growth process includes swelling of acidic/basic monomers, polymerization of the absorbed monomers, and homogenization of the original and newborn polymers, in which the balance between electrostatic and acid–base interactions is reversibly shifted to enable the process. As a result of such repeatable growth cycles, the hydrogels can continuously expand without compromising material mechanical properties. The growing sub‐processes and the monomer compositions can be used to post‐modulate the structure and properties of the grown products. It is demonstrated that the hydrogels may be designed as artificial tissues capable of growth under force‐bearing states.
Architected Low‐Tortuosity Electrodes with Tunable Porosity from Nonequilibrium Soft‐Matter Processing
Authors: Resing Anton B. , Fukuda Chase , Werner Jörg G.
Published: November 2022

Mass transport is performance‐defining across energy storage devices, often causing limitations at high current rates. To optimize and balance the device‐scale energy and power density for a given energy storage demand, tailored electrode architectures with precisely controllable phase dimensions are needed in combination with low‐tortuosity channels that maximize the geometric component of diffusion and species flux. A material‐agnostic nonequilibrium soft‐matter process is reported to fabricate free‐standing inorganic composite electrodes with adjustable thicknesses of 100s of µm, featuring straight and accessible channels ranging in diameter from 5–30 µm, coupled with tunable material‐to‐pore ratios. Such architected anode and cathode electrodes exhibit electrochemical and architectural stability over extended cycling in a full‐cell battery. Further, mass‐transport constraints appear at high current densities, and the lithiation step is identified as rate‐performance limiting, a result of insufficient lithium‐ion supply and concentration polarization. The results demonstrate the need for and feasibility of tailored electrode architectures where dimensional ratios between low‐tortuosity channels, the charge‐storing matrix, and electrode thickness are tunable to meet coupled power and energy‐storage requirements.
Clear Disclosure of Hierarchical Chirality Transfer Mechanism and Wide Full‐Color and White‐Light CPL Emissions with Both High glum and Intensity by TPE Helicates
Authors: Ye Feng‐Ying , Hu Ming , Du Cong , Yu Wei , Zhou Xing‐Ping , Liu Minghua , Zheng Yan‐Song
Published: November 2022

Chirality transfer and amplification play key role on research of chiral materials, but it is still a challenge to clearly disclose the chirality transfer mechanism. Here, tetraphenylethylene helicate (TPEH) with aggregation‐induced emission enhancement effect is doped into achiral nematic liquid crystal (NLC) to furnish a system of excellent chirality transfer and amplification for the first time. It is found that left‐handed helical (M) TPEH molecule with four phenyl rings sloping right‐down makes a staggered overlap with other M‐TPEH at right‐up direction for attenuating the repulsive force between phenyl rings, which is further overlapped into a right‐handed helix (P) and then drives NLC array layers to the P‐LC phase. Consequently, M‐TPEH molecule leads to P‐LC phase, while P‐TPEH arouses M‐LC phase. Remarkably, this chirality transfer can amplify the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) of TPEH by 100‐fold and give a large absolute CPL dissymmetric factor (glum) of 0.21. Moreover, the chirality can be even transferred to other achiral fluorescence dyes, and both high absolute glum of up to 0.37 and high fluorescence quantum yield (Φf) of 92% are obtained. Consequently, a customized wide full‐color and white‐light CPL emission from violet to near infrared which is closer to natural light is obtained.
Atomic‐Level Interface Engineering for Boosting Oxygen Electrocatalysis Performance of Single‐Atom Catalysts: From Metal Active Center to the First Coordination Sphere
Authors: An Qizheng , Bo Shuowen , Jiang Jingjing , Gong Chen , Su Hui , Cheng Weiren , Liu Qinghua
Published: November 2022

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are the core reactions of a series of advanced modern energy and conversion technologies, such as fuel cells and metal–air cells. Among all kinds of oxygen electrocatalysts that have been reported, single‐atom catalysts (SACs) offer great development potential because of their nearly 100% atomic utilization, unsaturated coordination environment, and tunable electronic structure. In recent years, numerous SACs with enriched active centers and asymmetric coordination have been successfully constructed by regulating their coordination environment and electronic structure, which has brought the development of atomic catalysts to a new level. This paper reviews the improvement of SACs brought by atom‐level interface engineering. It starts with the introduction of advanced techniques for the characterizations of SACs. Subsequently, different design strategies that are applied to adjust the metal active center and first coordination sphere of SACs and then enhance their oxygen electrocatalysis performance are systematically illustrated. Finally, the future development of SACs toward ORR and OER is discussed and prospected.
Improving wheat productivity through integrated management of Avena ludoviciana
Authors: Mahajan Gulshan , Chauhan Bhagirath Singh
Published: November 2022

In Australia, wheat planting is preferred in June compared with May to kill early cohorts of weeds before planting, particularly in fields with a history of high weed infestation. However, wheat grain yield is often reduced for June planting. This study aimed to investigate the integrated effect of planting dates (May 7, i.e., early‐planted, and June 7, i.e., late‐planted), seeding rates (100 and 200 seeds m−2), and weed control treatments (nontreated control, pyroxasulfone 100 g a.i. ha−1, triallate 800 g a.i. ha−1, trifluralin 600 g a.i. ha−1, and prosulfocarb 2000 g a.i. ha−1 + S‐metolachlor 300 g a.i. ha−1) on Avena ludoviciana (Durieu) control and wheat yield. For early‐planted wheat, the pyroxasulfone‐treated plots had a higher yield (5.5 Mg ha−1) at a low seeding rate compared with a high seeding rate (4.7 Mg ha−1). Pyroxasulfone and triallate treatments in early‐planted wheat using a low seeding rate produced a higher yield than each treatment of late‐planted wheat. In late‐planted wheat, varied seeding rates did not influence grain yield, irrespective of weed control treatments. Pyroxasulfone and triallate treatments in early‐planted wheat at a low seeding rate gave similar yields, and yield levels in these treatments were higher than trifluralin and prosulfocarb + S‐metolachlor treatments. A high seeding rate in early‐planted wheat resulted in an increased grain yield by 42%, 27%, and 28% in nontreated, trifluralin, and prosulfocarb + S‐metolachlor, respectively, compared with a low seeding rate. Weed biomass and weed seed production were lower in late‐planted wheat than in early‐planted wheat. Pyroxasulfone‐ and triallate‐treated plots accrued lower weed biomass and weed seed production than the nontreated plots. Averaged over weed control treatments, weed seed production was highest (2700 seeds m−2) in the early crop planted at a low seeding rate, which was reduced by 42% with late planting using a similar seeding rate. Averaged over weed control treatments, a high seeding rate in early‐ and late‐planted crops reduced weed seed production by 68% and 48%, respectively, compared with a low seeding rate. These results suggest that pyroxasulfone in early‐planted wheat can control A. ludoviciana effectively, limit weed seed production similar to late‐planted wheat, and prove a profitable option due to improved productivity compared with late‐planted wheat.
A more precise diagnosis by means of amyloid PET contributes to delayed institutionalization, lower mortality, and reduced care costs in a tertiary memory clinic setting
Authors: van Maurik Ingrid S. , Broulikova Hana M. , Mank Arenda , Bakker Els D. , de Wilde Arno , Bouwman Femke H. , Stephens Andrew W. , van Berckel Bart N. M. , Scheltens Philip , van der Flier Wiesje M.
Published: November 2022

Introduction

We aim to study the effect of a more precise diagnosis, by means of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), on institutionalization, mortality, and health‐care costs.

Methods

Between October 27, 2014 and December 31, 2016, we offered amyloid PET to all patients as part of their diagnostic work‐up. Patients who accepted to undergo amyloid PET (n = 449) were propensity score matched with patients without amyloid PET (n = 571, i.e., no PET). Matched groups (both n = 444) were compared on rate of institutionalization, mortality, and health‐care costs in the years after diagnosis.

Results

Amyloid PET patients had a lower risk of institutionalization (10% [n = 45] vs. 21% [n = 92]; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.48 [0.33–0.70]) and mortality rate (11% [n = 49] vs. 18% [n = 81]; HR = 0.51 [0.36–0.73]) and lower health‐care costs in the years after diagnosis compared to matched no‐PET patients (β = −4573.49 [−6524.76 to −2523.74], P‐value < 0.001).

Discussion

A more precise diagnosis in tertiary memory clinic patients positively influenced the endpoints of institutionalization, death, and health‐care costs.
Single mRNA Imaging with Fluorogenic RNA Aptamers and Small‐molecule Fluorophores
Authors: Chen Wei , Zhao Xiaoying , Yang Nanyang , Li Xing
Published: November 2022

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the fundamental information transfer system in the cell. Tracking single mRNA from transcription to degradation with fluorescent probes provides spatiotemporal information in cells about how the genetic information is transferred from DNA to proteins. The traditional single mRNA imaging approach utilizes RNA hairpins (e.g. MS2) and tethered fluorescent protein as probes. As an exciting alternative, RNA aptamers: small‐molecule fluorophores (SFs) systems have emerged as novel single mRNA imaging probes since 2019, exhibiting several advantages including fluorogenic ability and minimal perturbation. This review summarizes all five reported RNA aptamers: SFs systems for single mRNA imaging in living cells so far. It also discusses the challenges and provides prospects for single mRNA imaging applications. This review is expected to inspire researchers to develop RNA aptamers: SFs systems for studying gene expression at single‐molecule resolution in cells.
Mikromolare Affinität und höher: synthetische Wirt‐Gast‐Komplexe mit hoher Stabilität
Authors: Sarkar Sayan , Ballester Pablo , Spektor Mark , Kataev Evgeny A.
Published: November 2022

Das Design von synthetischen Wirt‐Gast‐Komplexen mit hoher Affinität ist von größter Bedeutung, da sie Schlüsselelemente bei der Konstruktion beispielloser supramolekularer Assemblate, funktioneller Materialien, molekularer Sonden, künstlicher Signaltransduktionsereignisse und Schnittstellen mit der biologischen Welt sind. Dieser Aufsatz sammelt neueste Erfolge im Design von 1 : 1‐Wirt‐Gast‐Komplexen mit führender Stabilität, d. h. über 106 M−1. Die Beziehungen zwischen den gemessenen thermodynamischen Konstanten und den Strukturparametern der interagierenden Arten werden analysiert. Die Designmerkmale von hochaffinen Wirten werden im Licht ihrer Bindeeigenschaften diskutiert. Verschiedene Lösungsmittel und unterschiedliche Arten von nichtkovalenten Wechselwirkungen werden für die Stabilisierung der Komplexe berücksichtigt. Schließlich werden einige Hinweise für das Design zukünftiger synthetischer Rezeptoren mit hoher Affinität und Selektivität gegeben.
Regiodivergent and Enantioselective Hydroxylation of C−H bonds by Synergistic Use of Protein Engineering and Exogenous Dual‐Functional Small Molecules
Authors: Chen Jie , Dong Sheng , Fang Wenhan , Jiang Yiping , Chen Zhifeng , Qin Xiangquan , Wang Cong , Zhou Haifeng , Jin Longyi , Feng Yingang , Wang Binju , Cong Zhiqi
Published: November 2022

It is a great challenge to optionally access diverse hydroxylation products from a given substrate bearing multiple reaction sites of sp3 and sp2 C−H bonds. Herein, we report the highly selective divergent hydroxylation of alkylbenzenes by an engineered P450 peroxygenase driven by a dual‐functional small molecule (DFSM). Using combinations of various P450BM3 variants with DFSMs enabled access to more than half of all possible hydroxylated products from each substrate with excellent regioselectivity (up to >99 %), enantioselectivity (up to >99 % ee), and high total turnover numbers (up to 80963). Crystal structure analysis, molecular dynamic simulations, and theoretical calculations revealed that synergistic effects between exogenous DFSMs and the protein environment controlled regio‐ and enantioselectivity. This work has implications for exogenous‐molecule‐modulated enzymatic regiodivergent and enantioselective hydroxylation with potential applications in synthetic chemistry.
Persistent ATP‐Concentration Gradients in a Hydrogel Sustained by Chemical Fuel Consumption
Authors: Cao Yingjuan , Gabrielli Luca , Frezzato Diego , Prins Leonard J.
Published: November 2022

We show the formation of macroscopic ATP‐concentrations in an agarose gel and demonstrate that these gradients can be sustained in time at the expense of the consumption of a chemical fuel. The approach relies on the spatially controlled activation of ATP‐producing and ATP‐consuming reactions through the local injection of enzymes in the matrix. The reaction‐diffusion system is maintained in a stationary non‐equilibrium state as long as chemical fuel, phosphocreatine, is present. The reaction‐diffusion system is coupled to a supramolecular system composed of monolayer protected gold nanoparticles and a fluorescent probe. As a result of this coupling, fluorescence signals emerge spontaneously in response to the ATP‐concentration gradients. We show that the approach permits the rational formation of complex fluorescence patterns that change over time as a function of the evolution of the ATP‐concentrations present in the system.
Persicamidines—Unprecedented Sesquarterpenoids with Potent Antiviral Bioactivity against Coronaviruses
Authors: Keller Lena , Oueis Emilia , Kaur Amninder , Safaei Nasim , Kirsch Susanne H. , Gunesch Antonia P. , Haid Sibylle , Rand Ulfert , Čičin‐Šain Luka , Fu Chengzhang , Wink Joachim , Pietschmann Thomas , Müller Rolf
Published: November 2022

A new family of highly unusual sesquarterpenoids (persicamidines A–E) exhibiting significant antiviral activity was isolated from a newly discovered actinobacterial strain, Kibdelosporangium persicum sp. nov., collected from a hot desert in Iran. Extensive NMR analysis unraveled a hexacyclic terpenoid molecule with a modified sugar moiety on one side and a highly unusual isourea moiety fused to the terpenoid structure. The structures of the five analogues differed only in the aminoalkyl side chain attached to the isourea moiety. Persicamidines A–E showed potent activity against hCoV‐229E and SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses in the nanomolar range together with very good selectivity indices, making persicamidines promising as starting points for drug development.
1H‐1,2,3‐Triazole−4H‐chromene−D‐glucose hybrid compounds: Synthesis and inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase B
Authors: Thanh Nguyen Dinh , Hai Do Son , Huyen Le Thi , Hanh Nguyen Thi , Anh Hoang Huu , Bich Vu Thi Ngoc , Hien Pham Thi Thu , Toan Vu Ngoc , Van Hoang Thi Kim , Giang Nguyen Thi Kim
Published: November 2022

A series of 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole−4H‐chromene−D‐glucose hybrid compounds 7a–w were synthesized using click chemistry of 2‐amino‐7‐propargyloxy‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carbonitriles 5a–w. CuNPs@montmorillonite was used as a catalyst in the presence of DIPEA as an additive for this chemistry. All synthesized 1H‐1,2,3‐triazoles were examined for in vitro inhibition against Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase B (MtbPtpB). Nine 1H‐1,2,3‐triazoles, including 7c–e, 7h, 7i, and 7r–t, displayed remarkable inhibitory activity against MtbPtpB with IC50 < 10 μM; compound 7t exhibited the most potent inhibition in vitro with an IC50 value of 0.61 μM. Kinetic studies of the three most active compounds, 7c,h,t, showed their competitive inhibition toward the MtbPtpB enzyme. Induced‐fit docking and MM‐GBSA studies on the enzyme (PDB: 2OZ5) revealed that the most active compound 7t was more effective against MtbPtpB. Residues Arg64, Arg136, Ash165, Arg166, and Arg63 in the binding pocket were identified as potential ligand‐binding hot‐spot residues for ligand 7t. The binding free energy calculation by the MM‐GBSA approach for ligand 7t indicated that Coulomb, lipophilic, and van der Waals energy terms are major contributors to the inhibitor binding. Furthermore, the stability of the ligand‐protein complex and the structural insights into the mode of binding were confirmed by 300‐ns molecular dynamics simulation of 7t/2OZ5.
Energieeinsparungen durch das Recycling von Bauabfällen?
Authors: Müller Anette
Published: November 2022

Bauabfälle lassen sich im Hinblick auf Energieeinsparungen bei der Verwertung in drei Gruppen einteilen: 1. Asphaltabfälle: Durch seine thermoplastischen Eigenschaften ermöglicht das im Asphaltbruch bzw. ‐fräsgut vorhandene Altbitumen Einsparungen an neuem Bitumen im Mischgut. Dadurch können erhebliche Energieeinsparungen erreicht werden. 2. Abfälle der mineralisch gebundenen Baustoffe Beton, Kalksandstein, Porenbeton: Zurzeit können keine Energieeinsparungen, die sich aus den Baustoffeigenschaften oder dem Ablauf der Herstellung ergeben, erkannt werden. Subjektive Einflüsse wie sie z. B. aus den Transportentfernungen resultieren, wurden hier nicht betrachtet. 3. Ziegelabfälle und Mauerwerkbruch: Energieeinsparungen gegenüber den Primärbaustoffen sind bei Verwertungen in thermischen Prozessen möglich. Beispiele sind ein partieller Rohstoffersatz bei der Ziegelherstellung oder die Herstellung von leichten Gesteinskörnungen unter Verwendung von Mauerwerkbruch anstelle von Ton.