bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acoplamiento Molecular: Avances Recientes y Retos
Authors: Prieto-Martínez Fernando D. , Arciniega Marcelino , Medina-Franco José L.
Published: July 2018

El acoplamiento molecular automatizado tiene como objetivo proponer un modelo de unión entre dos moléculas. Este método ha sido útil en química farmacéutica y en el descubrimiento de nuevos fármacos por medio del entendimiento de las fuerzas de interacción involucradas en el reconocimiento molecular. Durante los últimos 20 años se ha modificado extensamente la técnica de acoplamiento molecular dando resultados precisos en la predicción de los modos de unión. Sin embargo, hay algunas áreas que requieren ser mejoradas substancialmente. En este trabajo se revisan principios, técnicas y algoritmos usados en los programas computacionales del acoplamiento molecular con enfoque en la interacción proteína-ligando aplicado al descubrimiento de nuevos fármacos. También se discuten las estrategias dirigidas a solucionar los principales retos de esta técnica computacional.
Identificación y análisis de genes ars en cepas de Bacillus hipertolerantes al arsénico, aisladas de pozas termales en Araró, México
Authors: Prieto-Barajas Cristina M. , Elorza-Gómez Julio C. , Loeza-Lara Pedro D. , Sánchez-Yáñez Juan M. , Valencia-Cantero Eduardo , Santoyo Gustavo
Published: July 2018

En este trabajo investigamos la presencia, diversidad y relaciones filogenéticas de genes asociados a la tolerancia al arsénico (As) en 37 cepas del género Bacillus, aisladas de tapetes microbianos localizados en pozas termales en Araró, Michoacán, México. Se diseñaron oligonucleótidos específicos para la amplificación por PCR de los genes arsB (bomba de expulsión de arsenito) y arsC (arsenato reductasa), ACR3 (transportador de arsenito) y aoxB (arsenito oxidasa) del género Bacillus, detectando únicamente los genes arsB y arsC en 21 de las 37 cepas analizadas (56.7% del total). Los análisis tipo Blastx demuestran una alta identidad (84-100%) con bombas de expulsión de arsenito (ArsB) y proteínas arsenato reductasas (ArsC)  de diversas cepas de los géneros Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Psychrobacter y Planococcus. Dichos análisis se confirmaron a través de la construcción de filogenias de los genes arsB y arsC. La detección de los genes arsB y arsC en cepas de Bacillus se correlacionó con valores de hipertolerancia al As, los cuales correspondieron a 32 y 128 mM de arsenito (III) y arsenato (V), respectivamente. Finalmente, los genes arsB y arsC identificados en cepas de Bacillus podrían ser un mecanismo de resistencia al arsénico en un ambiente acuático extremo, como las pozas termales de Araró.
Producción y evaluación inmunoquímica de extractos alergénicos del ácaro del polvo doméstico Blomia tropicalis (Acari: Echymyopodidae)
Authors: Acuña-Cantillo Luis , Mendoza-Meza Dary Luz , Garavito Gloria , Moreno-Woo Ana Sofía , Egea-Bermejo Eduardo
Published: July 2018

Los alérgenos de Blomia tropicalis son un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de alergias en países tropicales. Los extractos alergénicos son reactantes valiosos para el diagnóstico de la hipersensibilidad alérgica a los ácaros y su control biológico. El objetivo fue evaluar las propiedades inmunoquímicas de extractos de B. tropicalis producidos desde cultivos in vitro. Este trabajo no tuvo como propósito producir extractos de aplicación clínica. Los ejemplares de B. tropicalis se establecieron a partir de ácaros aislados del polvo doméstico en la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia. Los ácaros libres de medio de cultivo se usaron para la obtención de los extractos. El rendimiento de la extracción se determinó mediante ensayo Bradford y el perfil electroforético por SDS-PAGE. La presencia de enzimas hidrolasas se determinó por Api® Zym y la inmunogenicidad se evaluó mediante Western blot donde se identificaron proteínas de unión a IgE sérica. La producción máxima de ácaros en los cultivos fue de 0,9 g/300 g medio. El rendimiento de extracción de proteínas fue de 3,61 % (± 0,42). Todos los extractos presentaron actividad enzimática tripsina, alfa-amilasa y quimotripsina. Western blot confirmó la presencia de proteínas de unión a IgE sérica. Presentamos un método sencillo para obtener extractos del ácaro B. tropicalis con actividad enzimática y alergénica.
Memoria inmunológica innata, la pieza faltante de la respuesta inmunológica
Authors: Pérez-Vázquez Diego , Contreras-Castillo Eugenio , Licona-Limón Paula
Published: July 2018

Evidencia acumulada en la década pasada, ha demostrado una capacidad del compartimento inmune innato que había pasado desapercibida, esta es la habilidad inesperada de las células innatas de mejorar su respuesta frente a una reexposición inmunológica.  Esta capacidad se conoce como inmunidad entrenada y se parece a la memoria inmunológica adaptativa, sin embargo, carece de la especificidad de reconocimiento antigénico propio de los linfocitos. Mecanísticamente, este tipo de memoria o inmunidad entrenada, a diferencia de la recombinación somática e hipermutación de receptores antígeno-específicos en la memoria adaptativa; depende de receptores de reconocimiento de patrones y cambios metabólicos que llevan a modificaciones a largo plazo en el escenario epigenético, predisponiendo a la cromatina a expresar citocinas inflamatorias ante una re-exposición patogénica. En esta revisión resumiremos y discutiremos los avances científicos dilucidando las diferentes poblaciones innatas con propiedades de memoria, sus receptores, moléculas río abajo y citocinas efectoras involucradas en el desarrollo y mantenimiento de la memoria entrenada. Esta nueva evidencia rompe con un dogma muy importante en inmunología, eliminando las barreras que separan los compartimentos innatos y adaptativos del sistema immune, y posiciona a la memoria inmunológica como un mecanismo compartido por todos los tipos celulares inmunes capaz de proveer al hospedero de protección a largo plazo.
Mobilization and reorganization of Russian science and education during the World War I
Authors: Колчинский Эдуард , Kolchinsky Eduard
Published: July 2018

The article explores the impact of the World War I on motivation, structuring and self-identification of the Russian scientific community and its institutions. The transformation of scientific and educational institutions of Russia influenced by the World War I is analyzed as a process of creating a mobilization model of science organization and associated restructuration of the relationship between scientists, authorities and society.

The special attention is paid to the increasing role of the scientific community in provision of raw materials and rations to the front and rear, development of new weapons and military technologies, creation of new branches of the defense industry, and protection of monuments of science and culture. The project presents a holistic analysis of changes in research subjects, transformations of the ratio between applied and fundamental knowledge, natural sciences and humanities, the reinforcement of an image of science as a knowledge factory that became a basis for the plans of forming a network of scientific and research institutions.
Finer’s Conditions of Military Intervention: The Case of the 1999 Coup in Pakistan
Authors: Sandhu Imaan
Published: July 2018

This paper assesses the validity of S.E. Finer’s “five conditions of military intervention in politics” in the context of the 1999 military coup in Pakistan. According to Finer, the professionalization of the officer corps, the rise of nationalism and the nation-state, popular sovereignty, the emergence of an “insurrectionary army” and the creation of “new, independent states” contribute to a military’s decision to supplant the civilian authority and intervene in the governance of a country. The findings of this paper confirm that while not all of Finer’s conditions are necessarily fully applicable to Pakistan, his overall framework nonetheless accounts for the major drivers of the 1999 coup.
COASTAL LAND UTILIZATION AS TOURISM ACCOMMODATION IN BULELENG
Authors: Indrawati Ni Luh Supadmi , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Sudini Luh Putu
Published: July 2018

This research was conducted in Lovina Tourism Area. The problems raised in this thesis are: 1) how is the pattern of the control and use of coastal land for tourism accommodation in Lovina tourism area Buleleng regency? 2) What is the legal protection of coastal land rights used for tourism accommodation in the Lovina tourism area of Buleleng regency? And the finding in the field the acquisition of that the existing land in Lovina tourist area which is located in Kalibukbuk village, dominantly controlled by local community. This study belongs to empirical law study. In the case of the utilization of the lands possessed by the right ownership rights, there is also a leased to a third party. The technique used in collecting data required in this research is interview, observation and document. The result of the research is The development of tourism in the Lovina area of Kalibukbuk Village as the center of the Tourism Area that directly and indirectly affects the economic, social and cultural life of the community, and developments are included in the control and utilization of land in coastal areas and There are two kinds of legal protection, namely preventive and repressive law protection: Protection of repressive law against customary land in Lovina area is a form of legal protection that is done related to the dispute faced by its citizens through the settlement in the judiciary, In the protection of preventive law, to ensure legal certainty of state land and management rights, registration shall be made, as described in the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 1 of 1977, so that the Right to Own, Use and Use Rights may be issued.
NOTARYS’ LIABILITY IN THE LEGALIZATION OF THE COPY OF IDENTITY CARD (KTP) UNDER THE ORIGINAL
Authors: Wirasasmita Edwina Aileen
Published: July 2018

This journal is motivated by the proliferation of Identity Card (KTP) falsification case that occurred in the society as it will indirectly affect the duty and authority of the notary profession which is contained in the law of notary public, especially in Article 15 letter (d) of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2014 concerning the Amendment of Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning Notary Position stating that the Notary is authorized to approve the a photocopy compatibility with the original letter. One of the letters whose authenticity often needs to be legalized is the Identity Card, especially for land registration purposes to the Land Office for the maintenance of Land data. However, it becomes a problem when it turns out that the KTP endorsed by the Notary is a fake KTP, whereas there is no special arrangement which affirms that the notary has the obligation to conduct authenticity of KTP which is submitted to the issuer (government). This results in other parties disadvantaged if it turns out the data used is a fake KTP. To examine the phenomenon, the author use normative research method supported by interview as the instrument used to collect the data. The legal theories used are the theory of legal certainty, legal protection, and legal accountability. The result of the research indicates that notary is responsible for parties who are disadvantaged due to the validation of the fake KTP card only in case if the notary endorsed the copy of the KTP without seeing and comparing the original form of it or the Notary has known that the KTP is a fake or not valid yet to endorse. On the contrary, a notary is not liable for having legalized an original KTP, not a photograph/photocopy, which looks like original until it is unknown that it is actually a fake.
DÊIXIS MEMORIAL FICTIVA E NÃO FICTIVA
Authors: Pinheiro Joana Darc Oliveira Cruz
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo apresenta uma parte dos resultados de nossa pesquisa no doutorado. Investigamos o fenômeno dêitico memorial em narrativas ficcionais, revemos as concepções de dêixis memorial (Fraser; Joly, 1980) e dêixis fictiva (FONSECA, 1992) a partir do diálogo com a Teoria do movimento do centro dêitico (ZUBIN; HEWITT, 1995). Para tal, trabalhamos com um corpus constituído por textos de três gêneros: contos, crônicas e parábolas. Defendemos a tese de que a narrativa ficcional possibilita novos campos dêiticos, pois temos nesses textos um ambiente que possibilita um uso diferencial dos elementos dêiticos, especificamente os dêiticos memoriais. Na verdade, o próprio conceito de dêixis memorial é ampliado a partir desta perspectiva, de forma diferenciada do quadro clássico de classificação destes elementos. Apresentamos, como resultado de nossa análise, o conceito de dêixis memorial fictiva.
O TEXTO ESCRITO E ORAL LETRADO NA UNIVERSIDADE: ELEMENTOS PARA UMA ABORDAGEM ENUNCIATIVA
Authors: Oliveira Giovane Fernandes
Published: July 2018

Este artigo objetiva responder à seguinte questão: como se constituem enunciativamente a escrita e a oralidade letrada na universidade? Para tanto, inicialmente realiza uma incursão pelos campos dos Estudos dos Letramentos Acadêmicos e da Teoria da Enunciação de Émile Benveniste, incursão esta que evidencia a relevância social de pesquisas acerca das práticas letradas acadêmicas e o potencial de um diálogo interdisciplinar entre tais pesquisas e as teorias textuais, discursivas e enunciativas. Em seguida, a partir da perspectiva enunciativa benvenistiana, desenvolve uma concepção de escrita e oralidade acadêmicas como formas complexas do discurso letrado por meio das quais o locutor-aluno apropria-se dos conhecimentos disciplinares e das convenções escriturais próprias ao seu campo do saber, instaurando-se, assim, como sujeito de linguagem nas culturas de escrita acadêmica.
O ENSINO DA ESCRITA VIA TEXTO NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Wittke Cleide Inês
Published: July 2018

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a produção escrita na formação inicial do docente, levando em conta atividades de ensino e de pesquisa. A partir de um aporte com interface entre duas teorias do texto: Linguística Textual (ADAM, 2011; KOCH, 2006; KOCH, ELIAS, 2010, 2016) e Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART,1999, 2008; MACHADO, 2005) e tomando o gênero textual como objeto de ensino (MARCUSCHI, 2008, 2010; SCHNEUWLY, DOLZ, 2009, 2010), realizamos este estudo com base em dois campos – i.e., ensino e pesquisa -  vivenciados na nossa prática cotidiana como formadora de professores e pesquisadora em uma universidade do sul do Brasil. Com este estudo, concluímos que, embora o texto/gênero textual seja reconhecido como objeto de estudo, os futuros professores ainda encontram dificuldades em abordá-lo e produzi-lo sob uma perspectiva de interação, de construção de sentidos. Vemos o trabalho realizado através de projetos como uma das possibilidades para superar as dificuldades encontradas no ensino da escrita nas aulas de língua.
NARRAR PARA CONTAR SUA HISTÓRIA: REPRESENTAÇÃO DISCURSIVA DE REMANESCENTES QUILOMBOLAS
Authors: De Paula Josinaldo Pereira , De Queiroz Maria Eliete
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho investiga Representações discursivas (Rds) na narrativa do lobisomem contada por remanescentes quilombolas de Portalegre/RN em Souza, Mendes e Fonseca (2011). Recorremos aos estudos da Linguística Textual, situando a abordagem da Análise Textual dos Discursos (ATD), com base em Adam (2011) e em estudos de Rodrigues, Passeggi e Silva Neto (2010), Passeggi et al. (2010), Rodrigues et al. (2012), Queiroz (2013). Reportamo-nos, também, aos estudos da esquematização em Grize (1990, 1996), Passeggi (2001). A noção de representação discursiva é apresentada pela ATD e constitui a dimensão semântica do texto. Neste artigo, as Rd construídas por meio das categorias da referência/referenciação, da predicação, da localização e da aspectualização por meio de elementos linguístico-discursivos que viabilizam a construção de sentido do texto. Interpretamos as Rd de religiosos, corajosos e a de medo por ser sorteado para o exército brasileiro, mostrando o terror que foi a segunda guerra mundial para essas comunidades.
LINGUÍSTICA TEXTUAL E SOCIOCOGNIÇÃO: INTERAÇÃO E CONHECIMENTOS VOLTADOS PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DOS SENTIDOS
Authors: Custódio Filho Valdinar , Liberato Arruda Hissa Débora
Published: July 2018

Este artigo, de feição eminentemente teórica, propõe uma discussão sobre as relações entre o sociocognitivismo e a linguística textual, com o objetivo de demonstrar que essas duas propostas investigativas convergem de tal modo que os princípios sociocognitivistas que embasam o fenômeno da cognição em interação são fundamentais para o tratamento teórico das estratégias de construção dos sentidos por meio dos textos (reveladas, principalmente, por meio da construção da referência). Isso resulta num entendimento das relações entre linguagem, percepção e realidade como pautadas pelo dinamismo comunicativo. Esclarecem esse dinamismo as ideias difundidas por Maturana (1998), Koch e Cunha-Lima (2005), Salomão (1999) e Blikstein (2003). Pretendemos, com essa discussão, reafirmar a posição de que a linguística textual – perspectiva teórica essencialmente interdisciplinar – enriquece seu fazer teórico ao explicitar os diálogos que trava com as propostas epistemológicas que lidam com o redimensionamento dos conceitos de conhecimento, cultura e realidade.
PROCESSOS REFERENCIAIS E ARGUMENTAÇÃO EMOCIONADA: DO PATHOS À CONSTRUÇÃO DO PONTO DE VISTA
Authors: Cortez Suzana Leite
Published: July 2018

RESUMO: A linguística textual brasileira vem há cerca de duas décadas discutindo as diversas funções da referenciação. Dentre as funções, destaca-se a argumentatividade, que se realiza não apenas nos gêneros nos quais o tipo dissertativo predomina, mas em todo e qualquer discurso, no qual o produtor do texto tenta de alguma forma interferir sobre os julgamentos, valores e opiniões de seu interlocutor. Mobilizando as noções de pathos e de ponto de vista, este trabalho analisa o papel da referenciação na "argumentação emocionada" (PINTO; CORTEZ, 2017). Pretende-se, assim, discutir o "lugar do sensível na argumentação" (MICHELI; HEKMAT; RABATEL, 2013), analisando especialmente os processos referenciais.PALAVRAS-CHAVES: PROCESSOS REFERENCIAIS; EMOÇÃO; PATHOS; PONTO DE VISTA
NOVA RETÓRICA E LINGUÍSTICA DO DISCURSO
Authors: Sousa Almeida de Macedo Patrícia
Published: July 2018

Seção Livre
Niveles de glucemia intraoperatoria y su relación con la morbimortalidad a corto y largo plazo en pacientes con trasplante de hígado en un hospital de alta complejidad
Authors: Martínez Alvarez Andrea , López Pompey Néstor , Villada Ochoa Oscar Alonso , Lenis Germán , Corrales Mauricio , Cala Hernando , Guerra Alvaro , Toro Luis , Correa Elizabeth , Calle Tavera Luisa Fernanda , Becerra Romero Jorge Andrés
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: se realizó un estudio en pacientes sometidos a trasplante de hígado (TH) con el objetivo de determinar los valores de glucemia en cada una de las fases de la cirugía del TH y su relación con la morbimortalidad postoperatoria.Materiales y métodos: se identificaron los trasplantes hepáticos entre 2013 y 2015 en los registros institucionales. La información se tomó de la nota operatoria, registros de laboratorio y evoluciones de historia clínica. Se buscaron diferencias en la glucemia en las 3 fases del trasplante entre diabéticos y no diabéticos, la presencia de infección y rechazo.Resultados: en total, se estudiaron 73 pacientes trasplantados, 54,8% (n = 40) de sexo masculino, con una mediana en la edad de 59 años (rango intercuartílico [RIQ] = 52-53). El 32,9% (n = 24) tenía antecedente de diabetes mellitus (DM). Se encontraron diferencias en la glucemia inicial y final (127 mg/dL frente a 212 mg/dL) en diabéticos (p = 0,001), así como en los no diabéticos (glucemia inicial: 105 mg/dL frente a la final: 190 mg/dL) (p <0,000). La proporción de rechazo fue mayor en diabéticos (14,3%, n = 7). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la presencia de infecciones entre diabéticos y no diabéticos. Se confirmó el diagnóstico de diabetes postrasplante en el 15,1%.Conclusiones: un adecuado control glucémico en los diferentes períodos del transoperatorio en el TH logra igualar la tasa de complicaciones a nivel infeccioso en pacientes diabéticos y no diabéticos; el rechazo continúa siendo más frecuente en pacientes diabéticos. Es necesaria una búsqueda activa de la diabetes postrasplante en cada uno de nuestros pacientes.
Desenlaces del tratamiento con una fórmula extensamente hidrolizada a base de suero en lactantes con alergia a la proteína de leche de vaca
Authors: Zuluaga Velásquez Laura Camila , Ramírez Rodríguez Natalia , Mejía Pérez Lady Katherine , Vera Chamorro José Fernando
Published: July 2018

Introducción: La alergia a la proteína de leche de vaca (APLV) es la alergia alimentaria más frecuente en el primer año de vida. La evidencia actual acerca de la respuesta a una fórmula extensamente hidrolizada a base de suero es insuficiente.Objetivo: Determinar los desenlaces clínicos en lactantes con APLV a una fórmula extensamente hidrolizada a base de suero (Nutrilón Pepti Junior®).Metodología: Estudio retrospectivo, tipo serie de casos. Se incluyeron lactantes (≤ 12 meses) con APLV valorados en la consulta externa entre enero de 2011 y octubre de 2015 en un servicio de gastroenterología pediátrica. La información de datos demográficos, manifestaciones digestivas, tiempo de inicio de síntomas, antropometría y respuesta clínica a la fórmula fue abstraída a partir de la revisión de la historia clínica. Se comparó el estado nutricional de los pacientes en la primera y en la consulta de control un año después utilizando la prueba t de student.Resultados: Se incluyeron 40 lactantes (42,5% varones), edad: 3,3±2,4 meses, con síntomas de: vómito/regurgitación, cólico/irritabilidad y deposición con sangre. Los antecedentes familiares y perinatales relacionados con el desarrollo de APLV fueron: ingesta de biberón en la primera semana de vida: 27 (67,5%), madre ≥ 30 años: 33 (82.5%), atopia en 2 familiares: 12 (30%) y parto por cesárea: 30 (75%). 37 (92,5%) pacientes mostraron una respuesta positiva a una fórmula extensamente hidrolizada a base de suero, mientras que 3 (7,5%) pacientes no respondieron y requirieron una fórmula a base de aminoácidos libres. Los z-score de P/E: -0,69±1,03 y P/T: -0,79±1,00 de la primera consulta mejoraron en el seguimiento posterior al año (p < 0,05): P/E: -0,27±0,98 y P/T: -0,14±0,98.Conclusión: Se encontró recuperación nutricional y tolerancia a la leche de vaca en un alto porcentaje de lactantes con APLV que recibieron una fórmula extensamente hidrolizada a base de suero.
¿Son útiles las prótesis metálicas autoexpandibles en el control de hemorragia digestiva variceal refractaria?
Authors: Rincón Sánchez Reinaldo Andrés Mauricio
Published: July 2018

El sangrado variceal es una urgencia médica con altas tasas de morbi-mortalidad.  De los pacientes que llegan para manejo hospitalario hasta un 10% no responden a medidas hemostáticas convencionales por lo que se ha planteado el uso de prótesis metálicas autoexpandibles para el manejo de dichos pacientes con resultados prometedores.En el presente documento se discute la literatura mundial  disponible acerca de la experiencia en el uso de dichos dispositivos, eficacia en el control agudo y el pronóstico a largo plazo,  el tipo de prótesis utilizadas así como las alternativas, complicaciones y retos del manejo de pacientes con esta técnica que puede considerarse emergente en  nuestro medio.
Hepatitis autoinmune y cáncer de colon: Una asociación inusual. Caso clínico y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Arango Molano Lázaro Antonio , Díaz Tobar Claudia Patricia , Jaramillo Mario Andrés , Bolívar Sáenz Dinimo José , Osorio C Mauricio , Cobo Alba Ruth , Caicedo Q Carlos Andrés
Published: July 2018

Introducción: La hepatitis autoinmune idiopática (HAI) es una enfermedad crónica que predomina en mujeres, con episodios de actividad y remisión, favoreciendo la fibrosis hepática. El 40% de los pacientes presenta historia familiar de enfermedades autoinmunes. Es al parecer mediada por interacción antígeno-anticuerpo, sin embargo su causa es desconocida. Se conoce la asociación frecuente de HAI con cáncer hepatobiliar, menos frecuente con linfomas, cáncer de piel, cáncer de colon y casi inexistente con síndromes hereditarios de cáncer de colon. Este caso debutó con HAI y sangrado rectal causado por poliposis adenomatosa familiar (PAF) y adenocarcinoma de colon sigmoide.Caso clínico: Mujer de 51 años con HAI de 1 año de evolución manejada con prednisolona y azatioprina. Colonoscopia total por anemia, encontrando múltiples pólipos entre 5 y 10 mm y uno de 30 mm sésil, ulcerado, en colon sigmoide. Se realiza polipectomía endoscópica múltiple que reportó adenoma túbulo - velloso con displasia de alto y bajo grado en varios pólipos y un adenocarcinoma de bajo grado en el pólipo del sigmoide. Estudios de extensión negativos para metástasis. Se realizó repleción nutricional pre quirúrgica, luego colectomía subtotal y procto-ileo anastomosis con ileostomía de protección. Patología de pieza quirúrgica mostró adenocarcinoma de colon de bajo grado y adenomas tubulares y túbulo - vellosos con displasias de alto y bajo grado.Discusión y conclusiones: La asociación de HAI con PAF y cáncer colorrectal (CC) es infrecuente. Es conocida la correlación de HAI con cáncer hepatobiliar (asociado a cirrosis), linfomas, cáncer de piel y otros desordenes autoinmunes. El pronóstico es malo y no puede establecerse una correlación clara con moduladores inmunes.
CD4 T Cells Reactive to Hybrid Insulin Peptides Are Indicators of Disease Activity in the NOD Mouse
Authors: Baker Rocky L. , Jamison Braxton L. , Wiles Timothy A. , Lindsay Robin S. , Barbour Gene , Bradley Brenda , Delong Thomas , Friedman Rachel S. , Nakayama Maki , Haskins Kathryn
Published: July 2018

We recently established that hybrid insulin peptides (HIPs), formed in islet β-cells by fusion of insulin C-peptide fragments to peptides of chromogranin A or islet amyloid polypeptide, are ligands for diabetogenic CD4 T-cell clones. The goal of this study was to investigate whether HIP-reactive T cells were indicative of ongoing autoimmunity. MHC class II tetramers were used to investigate the presence, phenotype, and function of HIP-reactive and insulin-reactive T cells in NOD mice. Insulin-reactive T cells encounter their antigen early in disease, but they express FoxP3 and therefore may contribute to immune regulation. In contrast, HIP-reactive T cells are proinflammatory and highly diabetogenic in an adoptive transfer model. Because the frequency of antigen-experienced HIP-reactive T cells increases over progression of disease, they may serve as biomarkers of autoimmune diabetes.
THE MEANINGS OF MINANGKABAUNESE VERB ‘MANCALIAK’: A NATURAL SEMANTIC METALANGUAGE APPROACH
Authors: Rosa Rusdi Noor
Published: July 2018

This article is aimed at finding out the Minangkabaunese verbs that share similar meaning to the verb ‘MANCALIAK’ (equivalent to ‘to see’ in English) using the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The data were verbs in Minangkabaunese language that possibly have similar meanings with the verb ‘MANCALIAK’ collected through interview. Five native Minangkabaunese living in the area of Padang were taken as the research respondents. In the process of data collection, listening and note-taking techniques were used. The data were analyzed using an interactive model of data analysis considering the table of semantic primitives as the basis of classifying the verbs. Based on the data analysis, it was found that, in Minangkabaunese language, the verb ‘MANCALIAK’ is realized in several lexical items such as maliek, mancigok, manjanguak, maintik, manonton, mancenek, mamareso and mamparatian. These verbs have a proximity of meaning that might lead to a choice of less acceptable word by Minangkabaunese speakers.Key words/phrases:  MANCALIAK, Minangkabaunese, NSM, semantic primitives, verb,MAKNA VERBA ‘MANCALIAK’ DALAM BAHASA MINANGKABAU: KAJIAN METABAHASA SEMANTIK ALAMIAbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk menemukan verba-verba dalam bahasa Minangkabau (BM) yang memiliki kemiripan atau kedekatan makna dengan verba ‘MANCALIAK’ dengan menggunakan pendekatan Metabahasa Semantik Alami (MSA). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini adalah verba-verba dalam BM yang mungkin memiliki kesamaan dalam hal makna dengan verba ‘MANCALIAK’ yang diperoleh melalui wawancara. Lima penutur asli BM yang berdomisili di kota Padang dijadikan sebagai responden penelitian. Dalam proses pengumpulan data, teknik menyimak dan mencatat digunakan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan model interaktif analisis data dengan mempertimbangkan tabel makna asali sebagai alat pengelompokan verba-verba yang dianalisis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, ditemukan bahwa, dalam BM, verba ‘MANCALIAK’ (melihat) direalisasikan dengan beberapa leksikal seperti maliek, mancigok, manjanguak, maintik, manonton, mancenek, mamareso dan mamparatian. Verba-verba tersebut memiliki kedekatan makna yang memungkinkan penutur BM melakukan pemilihan kata yang kurang berterima dalam BM.Kata Kunci/frase:  Bahasa Minangkabau, makna asali, MANCALIAK, MSA, verba
TEACHERS DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS IN MUHADARAH ACTIVITIES IN MTSN LUBUK BUAYA KOTA PADANG
Authors: Firdaus M.
Published: July 2018

Position and function of oral literature including folklore is increasingly displaced due to technological advances, cultural systems, social systems, and political systems are developed. Therefore, efforts should be made documenting folklore Rambah society. The purpose of this study was to describe the categories, structure and social functions contained in the folklore society Rambah. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Object of this study is the folklore society Sand Pengaraian Rambah district. Data collection was done by recording, recording and interviews. Then proceed to describe and interpret the results. Data analysis was performed through a data inventory phase, phase of data analysis, and reporting phases. Based on the research and discussion of public folklore Rambah divided into three categories, namely fairy tales, legends, and myths. Of the fourteen stories, stories that have category found eight legends, myths category four stories, and a bit of a fairy tale by the two stories. In terms of structure, folklore Rambah people are more likely to use the plot forward and a third person perspective. Moreover, in terms of style more common stylistic comparison, repetition, and contradiction. Rambah folklore society serves as a means of entertainment, education, faith bequeathed the means, the means to preserve the customs, culture, and traditions, shows Rambah community identity, as well as a means of fostering a spirit of togetherness. The results could be implicated in the Indonesian language learning with understanding the competency standard spoken folklore.
Peningkatan Disiplin Guru SD Melalui Pelatihan Partisipatif Model In-On
Authors: Slameto - , Hardini Agustina Tyas Asri , Prasetyo Tego , Indarini Endang
Published: July 2018

This research is taken place to describe the punctual improvement of the teacher who’s participated in participatory training model using in-on and to determine the influence of teacher optimism and teacher's ability to give feedback, along with the contribution of each variable. This research was conducted based on the assessment of elementary school teachers who are participated in training for classroom action research preparation in KKG Gugus Joko Tingkir Salatiga, with 42 selected people randomly. Data for this research is quantitative. Data were collected through a self-rating scale of 21 items that proved to be valid and reliable. Data analysis using multiple linear regression with Stepwise Model. Based on the result of this research, it can be proved participatory training model effective in improving teacher’s punctual in teaching. There are 2 variables/predictors of teacher optimism and or together with their ability to provide feedback on teacher’s punctual in teaching. Teacher's optimism has an effect (positive and significant) on teacher’s punctual in teaching equal to 35.20%. Teacher’s optimism along with their ability to give feedback impact teacher’s punctual in teaching as much as 42.9%. Thus participatory training model should be applying learning principles that emphasize positive optimistic psychology, get used to working effectively with challenges, have the confidence to use innovative thinking in achieving success.
Pengelolaan Administrasi Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan Madrasah
Authors: Kristiawan Muhammad , Asvio Nova
Published: July 2018

This research aimed at exploring the management of administration in MTs Negeri Padang Panjang in upgrading the Madrasah quality. This research was qualitative. Data collection used documentation study and in-depth intervie. The results obtained indicate that the management of administration in MTs Negeri Padang Panjang was run well in upgrading the quality of Madrasah. The quality of management administration was seen from the administration of students’ recruitment, curriculum, educators and staff, and counseling. This research implicates to supervisors and Madrasah in West Sumatera to learn the management of administration in MTs Negeri Padang Panjang in upgrading the Madrasah quality.
Workability for persons with chronic diseases. A systematic review of validity and utility of assessments in German language / Valide und praktikable deutschsprachige Assessments zur Erfassung der Arbeitsfähigkeit bei Menschen mit chronischen Erkrankungen – eine systematische Review
Authors: Friedli Thomas , Villiger Peter M. , Gantschnig Brigitte E.
Published: July 2018

Background

People with chronic diseases are often limited in their workability. Evaluating and enabling workability is central in rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate validity and utility of workability assessments in German for persons with chronic diseases.

Methods

The study is a systematic review. First, we systematically searched for literature in the databases Medline, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane HTA Database, DARE, CCMed, Sowiport, and BASE using following keywords: evaluation tool, chronic disease, workability, validity, and utility. Then, we evaluated the content and the quality of the studies based on criteria and decided if they were included.

Results

In total, validity and utility of eight workability assessments are described based on 74 studies. The assessments are: Productivity Costs Questionnaire (iPCQ), Work Instability Scale for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA-WIS), Screening-Instrument Arbeit und Beruf (SIBAR), Screening-Instrument zur Feststellung des Bedarfs an medizinisch-beruflich orientierten Maßnahmen in der medizinischen Rehabilitation (SIMBO), Valuation of Lost Productivity Questionnaire (VOLP), Work Ability Index (WAI/ABI), Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI).

Conclusion

The results revealed the availability of eight workability assessments for persons with chronic diseases in German language. They have strengths and weaknesses in relation to the construct, purpose, application, and evidence base. These could be the base for choice of an assessment. Overall, we suggest using workability assessment in order to meet the legal requirements for the use of standardized assessments and the increasing demand to establish evidence of the effectiveness of interventions.
A MODERNIDADE E SEUS IMPACTOS NA CRÍTICA DO DIREITO PENAL
Authors: Gauer Ruth Maria Chittó
Published: July 2018

noção de verdade e os paradigmas decorrentes da modernidade, construídos em função do conceito de ciência, tem reflexos substanciais no direito penal. Assim, decorrem da modernidade conceitos cultivados na ciência penal atual, os quais não se sustentam no estágio atual do desenvolvimento da teoria do conhecimento.
DELITO VIRTUAL: UM DIÁLOGO SOBRE AS TRANSGRESSÕES ONLINE DO MUNDO REAL
Authors: Silva Ricardo
Published: July 2018

Ao relacionar o delito no âmbito virtual, principalmente à internet, estabelece-se o objetivo deste artigo, ao dialogar sobre as transgressões online sobre a lógica do mundo real, ao fazer enlaces epistemológicos sobre tecnologia e sociedade, criando um percurso discursivo e analítico em caminhos, por vezes, tortuosos, das ações humanas no meio internet. A metodologia adotada é descritiva, explicativa, qualitativa e baseada em inferências sobre as referências teóricas abordadas.
Accountable Approval Sorting
Authors: Belahcene Khaled , Chevaleyre Yann , Labreuche Christophe , Maudet Nicolas , Mousseau Vincent , Ouerdane Wassila
Published: July 2018

We consider decision situations in which a set of points of view (voters, criteria) are to sort a set of candidates to ordered categories (Good/Bad). Candidates are judged  good, when approved by a sufficient set of points of view; this corresponds to NonCompensatory Sorting. To be accountable, such approval sorting should provide guarantees about the decision process and decisions concerning specific candidates. We formalize accountability using a feasibility problem expressed as a boolean satisfiability formulation. We illustrate different forms of accountability when a committee decides with approval sorting and study the information that should be disclosed by the committee.
Co-occurrence Feature Learning from Skeleton Data for Action Recognition and Detection with Hierarchical Aggregation
Authors: Li Chao , Zhong Qiaoyong , Xie Di , Pu Shiliang
Published: July 2018

Skeleton-based human action recognition has recently drawn increasing attentions with the availability of large-scale skeleton datasets. The most crucial factors for this task lie in two aspects: the intra-frame representation for joint co-occurrences and the inter-frame representation for skeletons' temporal evolutions. In this paper we propose an end-to-end convolutional co-occurrence feature learning framework. The co-occurrence features are learned with a hierarchical methodology, in which different levels of contextual information are aggregated gradually. Firstly point-level information of each joint is encoded independently. Then they are assembled into semantic representation in both spatial and temporal domains. Specifically, we introduce a global spatial aggregation scheme, which is able to learn superior joint co-occurrence features over local aggregation. Besides, raw skeleton coordinates as well as their temporal difference are integrated with a two-stream paradigm. Experiments show that our approach consistently outperforms other state-of-the-arts on action recognition and detection benchmarks like NTU RGB+D, SBU Kinect Interaction and PKU-MMD.
Image Cationing with Visual-Semantic LSTM
Authors: Li Nannan , Chen Zhenzhong
Published: July 2018

In this paper, a novel image captioning approach is proposed to describe the content of images. Inspired by the visual processing of our cognitive system, we propose a visual-semantic LSTM model to locate the attention objects with their low-level features in the visual cell, and then successively extract high-level semantic features in the semantic cell. In addition, a state perturbation term is introduced to the word sampling strategy in the REINFORCE based method to explore proper vocabularies in the training process. Experimental results on MS COCO and Flickr30K validate the effectiveness of our approach when compared to the state-of-the-art methods.
DEL: Deep Embedding Learning for Efficient Image Segmentation
Authors: Liu Yun , Jiang Peng-Tao , Petrosyan Vahan , Li Shi-Jie , Bian Jiawang , Zhang Le , Cheng Ming-Ming
Published: July 2018

Image

segmentation has been explored for many years and still remains a

crucial vision problem. Some efficient or accurate segmentation

algorithms have been widely used in many vision applications.

However, it is difficult to design a both efficient and accurate

image segmenter. In this paper, we propose a novel method called DEL

(deep embedding learning) which can efficiently transform superpixels

into image segmentation. Starting with the SLIC superpixels, we train

a fully convolutional network to learn the feature embedding space

for each superpixel. The learned feature embedding corresponds to a

similarity measure that measures the similarity between two adjacent

superpixels. With the deep similarities, we can directly merge the

superpixels into large segments. The evaluation results on BSDS500

and PASCAL Context demonstrate that our approach achieves a good

trade-off between efficiency and effectiveness. Specifically, our DEL

algorithm can achieve comparable segments when compared with MCG but

is much faster than it, i.e. 11.4fps vs. 0.07fps.
Collaborative and Attentive Learning for Personalized Image Aesthetic Assessment
Authors: Wang Guolong , Yan Junchi , Qin Zheng
Published: July 2018

The ever-increasing volume of visual images has stimulated the demand for organizing such data by aesthetic quality. Automatic and especially learning based aesthetic assessment methods have shown potential by recent works. Existing image aesthetic prediction is often user-agnostic which may ignore the fact that the rating to an image can be inherently individual. We fill this gap by formulating the personalized image aesthetic assessment problem with a novel learning method. Specifically, we collect user-image textual reviews in addition with visual images from the public dataset to organize a review-augmented benchmark. Using this enriched dataset, we devise a deep neural network with a user/image relation encoding input for collaborative filtering. Meanwhile an attentive mechanism is designed to capture the user-specific taste for image semantic tags and regions of interest by fusing the image and user's review. Extensive and promising experimental results on the review-augmented benchmark corroborate the efficacy of our approach.
Collaborative Learning for Weakly Supervised Object Detection
Authors: Wang Jiajie , Yao Jiangchao , Zhang Ya , Zhang Rui
Published: July 2018

Weakly supervised object detection has recently received much attention, since it only requires image-level labels instead of the bounding-box labels consumed in strongly supervised learning. Nevertheless, the save in labeling expense is usually at the cost of model accuracy.In this paper, we propose a simple but effective weakly supervised collaborative learning framework to resolve this problem, which trains a weakly supervised learner and a strongly supervised learner jointly by enforcing partial feature sharing and prediction consistency. For object detection, taking WSDDN-like architecture as weakly supervised detector sub-network and Faster-RCNN-like architecture as strongly supervised detector sub-network, we propose an end-to-end Weakly Supervised Collaborative Detection Network. As there is no strong supervision available to train the Faster-RCNN-like sub-network, a new prediction consistency loss is defined to enforce consistency of predictions between the two sub-networks as well as within the Faster-RCNN-like sub-networks. At the same time, the two detectors are designed to partially share features to further guarantee the model consistency at perceptual level. Extensive experiments on PASCAL VOC 2007 and 2012 data sets have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
DRPose3D: Depth Ranking in 3D Human Pose Estimation
Authors: Wang Min , Chen Xipeng , Liu Wentao , Qian Chen , Lin Liang , Ma Lizhuang
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we propose a two-stage depth ranking based method (DRPose3D) to tackle the problem of 3D human pose estimation. Instead of accurate 3D positions, the depth ranking can be identified by human intuitively and learned using the deep neural network more easily by solving classification problems. Moreover, depth ranking contains rich 3D information. It prevents the 2D-to-3D pose regression in two-stage methods from being ill-posed. In our method, firstly, we design a Pairwise Ranking Convolutional Neural Network (PRCNN) to extract depth rankings of human joints from images. Secondly, a coarse-to-fine 3D Pose Network(DPNet) is proposed to estimate 3D poses from both depth rankings and 2D human joint locations. Additionally, to improve the generality of our model, we introduce a statistical method to augment depth rankings. Our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in the Human3.6M benchmark for all three testing protocols, indicating that depth ranking is an essential geometric feature which can be learned to improve the 3D pose estimation.
Ensemble Soft-Margin Softmax Loss for Image Classification
Authors: Wang Xiaobo , Zhang Shifeng , Lei Zhen , Liu Si , Guo Xiaojie , Li Stan Z.
Published: July 2018

Softmax loss is arguably one of the most popular losses to train CNN models for image classification. However, recent works have exposed its limitation on feature discriminability. This paper casts a new viewpoint on the weakness of softmax loss. On the one hand, the CNN features learned using the softmax loss are often inadequately discriminative. We hence introduce a soft-margin softmax function to explicitly encourage the discrmination between different classes. On the other hand, the learned classifier of softmax loss is weak. We propose to assemble multiple these weak classifiers to a strong one, inspired by the recognition that the diversity among weak classifiers is critical to a good ensemble. To achieve the diversity, we adopt the Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC). Considering these two aspects in one framework, we design a novel loss, named as Ensemble Soft-Margin Softmax (EM-Softmax). Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets are conducted to show the superiority of our design over the baseline softmax loss and several state-of-the-art alternatives.
HCR-Net: A Hybrid of Classification and Regression Network for Object Pose Estimation
Authors: Wang Zairan , Li Weiming , Kao Yueying , Zou Dongqing , Wang Qiang , Ahn Minsu , Hong Sunghoon
Published: July 2018

Object pose estimation from a single image is a fundamental and challenging problem in computer vision and robotics. Generally, current methods treat pose estimation as a classification or a regression problem. However, regression based methods usually suffer from the issue of imbalanced training data, while classification methods are difficult to discriminate nearby poses. In this paper, a hybrid CNN model, which we call it HCR-Net that integrates both a classification network and a regression network, is proposed to deal with these issues. Our model is inspired by that regression methods can get better accuracy on homogeneously distributed datasets while classification methods are more effective for coarse quantization of the poses even if the dataset is not well balanced. The classification methods and the regression methods essentially complement each other. Thus we integrate both them into a neural network in a hybrid fashion and train it end-to-end with two novel loss functions. As a result, our method surpass the state-of-the-art methods, even with imbalanced training data and  much less data augmentation. The experimental results on the challenging Pascal3D+ database demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-arts significantly, achieving improvements on ACC and AVP metrics up to 4% and 6%, respectively.
Fine-grained Image Classification by Visual-Semantic Embedding
Authors: Xu Huapeng , Qi Guilin , Li Jingjing , Wang Meng , Xu Kang , Gao Huan
Published: July 2018

This paper investigates a challenging problem,which is known as fine-grained image classification(FGIC). Different from conventional computer visionproblems, FGIC suffers from the large intraclassdiversities and subtle inter-class differences.Existing FGIC approaches are limited to exploreonly the visual information embedded in the images.In this paper, we present a novel approachwhich can use handy prior knowledge from eitherstructured knowledge bases or unstructured text tofacilitate FGIC. Specifically, we propose a visual-semanticembedding model which explores semanticembedding from knowledge bases and text, andfurther trains a novel end-to-end CNN frameworkto linearly map image features to a rich semanticembedding space. Experimental results on a challenginglarge-scale UCSD Bird-200-2011 datasetverify that our approach outperforms several state-of-the-art methods with significant advances.