bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Effect of Stress on Lactation in Postnatal Women
Authors: Tatapudi Susmitha Madhuri  , Moravineni Usha Rani  , Paidi Sirisha
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Stress is a physiological response to psychological and physical demands. Cortisol is a stress hormone that is released in increasing quantities as pregnancy progresses. Stress is a cumulative effect of changing life events with failure of coping reflex that leads to chronic stress which repeatedly activates hypothalamic–pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis without relaxation response, to release excess cortisol. Duration of stress and its sites of action lead to decrease in lactation. In this study, we wanted to determine the relationship between stress and levels of maternal serum cortisol before and after the delivery and assess the relation between stress and milk output in the first week of post-partum period.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was carried out among 96 pregnant women, using HOLMES-RAHE STRESS SCALE: categorized into mild, moderate, and severe stressed. Serum cortisol levels are assessed using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay before and after delivery. Postnatal mothers were advised to breastfeed their newborns ten times a day after delivery and the baby's weight is measured using the baby-test weighing method using digital weighing machine at regular intervals for seven days. Mean serum cortisol levels were computed and compared with milk production.

RESULTS

48.9 % pregnant women were mildly, 29.1 % were moderately and 21.8 % severely stressed. Serum cortisol levels were significantly high (p < 0.05) in moderately and severely stressed women with significant reduction in milk volume when compared to mildly stressed women.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings of this study indicates that moderate and severe stressful events reduce lactation in post-natal women. More research is needed to understand relationship between stress, other maternal factors, and their impact on breastfeeding outcomes.
KAJIAN ADSORPSI KOMPOSIT Fe3O4-LEMPUNG TERHADAP ION LOGAM Pb(II)
Authors: Rahman Aulia , Sedyadi Endaruji
Published: January 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai kajian adsorpsi komposit Fe3O4-lempung terhadap ion logam Pb(II). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari adsorpsi Komposit terhadap Ion Logam Pb(II). Komposit dibuat menggunakan metode kopresipitasi yang kemudian dilakukan adsorpsi terhadap ion logam Pb(II) untuk diketahui kapasitas adsorpsinya. Sifat kimia fisik komposit dianalisis dan dibandingkan dengan sebelum pengkompsitan menggunakan metode difraksi sinar-X dan spektrofotometer infra merah. Adsorpsi dilakukan terhadap ion logam Pb(II) untuk dipelajari karakteristik adsorbsinya. Kajian Adsorpsi yang dianalisis meliputi waktu setimbang, isoterm adsorpsi, dan kapasitas adsorpsi menggunakan spektrofotometer serapan atom. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan FTIR menunjukkan adanya vibrasi Fe-O pada spektrum 467,52 cm-1 dan vibrasi Si-O-Si pada spektrum 1037,54 cm-1. Hasil XRD menunjukkan terjadinya eksfoliasi pada komposit yang ditandai dengan hilangnya basal spacing pada struktur montmorillonit. Kinetika adsorpsi komposit mengikuti model pseudo orde dua dengan serta kesetimbangan adsorpsi mengikuti model Isoterm Langmuir. Terjadi kenaikan kapasitas adsorpsi setelah pengkomposit dari 58,651 mg/g menjadi 70,547 mg/g
Quais razões motivam a internacionalização das instituições de educação superior brasileiras? Análise de instituições vinculadas a uma associação de educação internacional
Authors: Guerra Lizângela , Nodari Christine Tessele , Maillard Nicolas
Published: January 2023

O tema da internacionalização da educação superior tem ganhado destaque em pesquisas acadêmicas e na prática de gestão universitária desde os anos 1990. No Brasil, muitos setores de relações internacionais (SRIs) foram criados ou expandidos em instituições de educação superior (IESs) no início do século XXI. Este artigo busca entender quais as razões das IESs brasileiras para se internacionalizar na perspectiva dos gestores dos SRIs. Para isso, foi elaborado um questionário com base em uma tipologia que aponta seis grupos de razões motivadoras do processo de internacionalização da educação superior: sociais ou culturais; políticas; econômicas; acadêmicas; institucionais e nacionais. A pesquisa contou com a participação de 90 IESs vinculadas à principal associação brasileira de educação internacional, a FAUBAI. Os resultados apontam que as razões motivadoras do processo de internacionalização no conjunto de IESs estudadas são múltiplas, mas são priorizadas as razões acadêmicas, com destaque para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino e da pesquisa.
Reproductive Health Knowledge and Care Seeking Behavior of Bangladeshi School Going Adolescent Girls: A Qualitative Study in A Demajani Village Area of Bogura District
Authors: Rashid Sarawat
Published: January 2023

The cultural context in Bangladesh generally discourages adolescent from giving opinions, speaking up or questioning adults. So their needs and vulnerabilities are often unaddressed and adolescent friendly services still unfamiliar concepts. In such cultural context, adolescent girls’ reproductive knowledge and healthcare seeking behaviour is important.  Improper and delay in seeking care may also result in increased risk in the community. Understanding the pattern of healthcare-seeking behaviour could help public health practitioners and policy makers to improve the healthcare system and health promotion strategies. The objectives of the study were to unveil the adolescents’ girl knowledge on reproductive health. To elicit the types of care adolescent girl sought when they get ill and to identify determinates of the adolescent girl for seeking care. Focused group discussion and in-depth interview was conducted with adolescent unmarried school going girls at Demajani village under Bogura District on January 2023. The study followed by the health belief model. Respondents were going through the mental and physical changes as they were in adolescent stage. They leant about the reproductive health from their female family members. They share their physical problems with the peer group and tried to solve it by home remedies and then to the qualified doctor. Choice of treatment was dependent on their perceived susceptibility and severity. Respondents were depended on parent as they unmarried. Their family was motivated by the communities. Therefore their treatment seeking actives sometimes ignored the availability, affordability and accessibility of the health services.
Environmental landscape design and planning system based on computer vision and deep learning
Authors: Chen Xiubo
Published: January 2023

Environmental landscaping is known to build, plan, and manage landscapes that consider the ecology of a site and produce gardens that benefit both people and the rest of the ecosystem. Landscaping and the environment are combined in landscape design planning to provide holistic answers to complex issues. Seeding native species and eradicating alien species are just a few ways humans influence the region’s ecosystem. Landscape architecture is the design of landscapes, urban areas, or gardens and their modification. It comprises the construction of urban and rural landscapes via coordinating the creation and management of open spaces and economics, finding a job, and working within a confined project budget. There was a lot of discussion about global warming and water shortages. There is a lot of hope to be found even in the face of seemingly insurmountable obstacles. AI is becoming more significant in many urban landscape planning and design elements with the advent of web 4.0 and Human-Centred computing. It created a virtual reality-based landscape to create deep neural networks (DNNs) to make deep learning (DL) more user-friendly and efficient. Users may only manipulate physical items in this environment to manually construct neural networks. These setups are automatically converted into a model, and the real-time testing set is reported and aware of the DNN models that users are producing. This research presents a novel strategy for combining DL-DNN with landscape architecture, providing a long-term solution to the problem of environmental pollution. Carbon dioxide levels are constantly checked when green plants are in and around the house. Plants, on either hand, remove toxins from the air, making it easier to maintain a healthy environment. Human-centered Artificial Intelligence-based web 4.0 may be used to assess and evaluate the data model. The study findings can be sent back into the design process for further modification and optimization.
Recent advances in the ab initio theory of solid-state defect qubits
Authors: Gali Ádám
Published: January 2023

Solid-state defects acting as single photon sources and quantum bits are leading contenders in quantum technologies. Despite great efforts, not all the properties and behaviours of the presently known solid-state defect quantum bits are understood. Furthermore, various quantum technologies require novel solutions, thus new solid-state defect quantum bits should be explored to this end. These issues call to develop ab initio methods which accurately yield the key parameters of solid-state defect quantum bits and vastly accelerate the identification of novel ones for a target quantum technology application. In this review, we describe recent developments in the field including the calculation of excited states with quantum mechanical forces, treatment of spatially extended wavefunctions in supercell models, methods for temperature-dependent Herzberg–Teller fluorescence spectrum and photo-ionisation thresholds, accurate calculation of magneto-optical parameters of defects consisting of heavy atoms, as well as spin-phonon interaction responsible for temperature dependence of the longitudonal spin relaxation T
1 time and magneto-optical parameters, and finally the calculation of spin dephasing and spin-echo times. We highlight breakthroughs including the description of effective-mass like excited states of deep defects and understanding the leading microscopic effect in the spin-relaxation of isolated nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond.
Transphonologization of onset voicing: revisiting Northern and Eastern Kmhmu’
Authors: Kirby James , Pittayaporn Pittayawat , Brunelle Marc
Published: January 2023

Phonation and vowel quality are often thought to play a vital role at the initial stage of tonogenesis. This paper investigates the production of voicing and tones in a tonal Northern Kmhmu’ dialect spoken in Nan Province, Thailand, and a non-tonal Eastern Kmhmu’ dialect spoken in Vientiane, Laos, from both acoustic and electroglottographic perspectives. Large and consistent VOT differences between voiced and voiceless stops are preserved in Eastern Kmhmu’, but are not found in Northern Kmhmu’, consistent with previous reports. With respect to pitch, f0 is clearly a secondary property of the voicing contrast in Eastern Kmhmu’, but unquestionably the primary contrastive property in Northern Kmhmu’. Crucially, no evidence is found to suggest that either phonation type or formant differences act as significant cues to voicing in Eastern Kmhmu’ or tones in Northern Kmhmu’. These results suggests that voicing contrasts can also be transphonologized directly into f0-based contrasts, skipping a registral stage based primarily on phonation and/or vowel quality.
Antarctica as a ‘natural laboratory’ for the critical assessment of the archaeological validity of early stone tool sites
Authors: Eren Metin I. , Bebber Michelle R. , Buchanan Briggs , Grunow Anne , Key Alastair , Lycett Stephen J. , Maletic Erica , Riley Teal R.
Published: January 2023

Lithic technologies dominate understanding of early humans, yet natural processes can fracture rock in ways that resemble artefacts made by Homo sapiens and other primates. Differentiating between fractures made by natural processes and primates is important for assessing the validity of early and controversial archaeological sites. Rather than depend on expert authority or intuition, the authors propose a null model of conchoidally fractured Antarctic rocks. As no primates have ever occupied the continent, Antarctica offers a laboratory for generating samples that could only have been naturally fractured. Examples that resemble artefacts produced by primates illustrate the potential of ‘archaeological’ research in Antarctica for the evaluation of hominin sites worldwide.
Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation from the perspective of nursing professionals in hemodynamics
Authors: Gallo Adriana Martins , Lima Fernanda Aparecida Camargo de , Reis Lúcia Margarete dos , Cremer Edivaldo
Published: January 2023

In order to identify the security measures taken and the control of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in units of hemodynamic, from the perspective of nursing, this quantitative descriptive study was developed during January and February, 2011. A check-list of binary responses (yes / no) was made based on the legislation and updated literature and it was applied in four hospitals in the northern region of Paraná State. The analysis of the data showed that 29 employees have knowledge about occupational exposure and apply barrier methods effectively to minimize doses of ionizing radiation. The data also showed that employees are participating in ongoing updating on the subject, and that they claim that this participation has a positive effect so that the occupational exposure occurs consciously, and also, the workers did not refuse to participate in any action facing their individual protection.
Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers in the daily lives of intensivist nurses
Authors: Rolim Jaiany Alencar , Vasconcelos Josilene de Melo Buriti , Caliri Maria Helena Larcher , Santos Iolanda Beserra da Costa
Published: January 2023

Exploratory study aimed to identify activities of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers planned and implemented by nurses in the Intensive Care Unit; the importance ascribed to the interventions; and the difficulties to carry out those interventions. The study took place in the Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital, with participation of nine nurses. The data, collected by means of interviews, were analyzed in the light of the discourse of the collective subject technique. Data revealed that changes in position stand out as a prevention measure and dressings are the main care in the treatment of pressure ulcer. The difficulties reported by nurses indicate limitations in human resources regarding number, training, and lack of involvement of the team; and in material resources to promote comfort and safety to the patient.
Validation studies in nursing: integrative review
Authors: Ribeiro Maria Andréia silva , Vedovato Tatiana Giovanelli , Lopes Maria Helena Baena de Moraes , Monteiro Maria Inês , Guirardello Edinês de Brito
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to analyze the methods used for validation studies in nursing research considering the clinical investigation as phenomenon. We carried out literature at BIREME, CINAHL, PUBMED which contain the terms 'validation studies', 'nursing' and 'clinical' and 21 articles were included in the review. The majority of the studies were conducted in 2008; in North America (USA) and European Community (62%) in the area of adult health. Most of the phenomena investigated were related to nursing care involving physical and emotional aspects. The content validity has been cited in 71.4% of the articles, criterion validity in 28.5% and construct validity in 23.8%. The reliability by means of Cronbach's alpha was used in the majority of the studies. It was found a knowledge gap concerning the validation estudies in the area of public health, child health and the social phenomena related to nursing care.
Health regulation: knowledge of Family Health Strategy professionals
Authors: Lima Márcio Roney Mota , Silva Maria Verônica Sales da , Clares Jorge Wilker Bezerra , Silva Lucilane Maria Sales da , Dourado Hanna Helen Matos , Silva Adna de Araújo
Published: January 2023

This is a descriptive and qualitative study that aimed to verify the knowledge of nurses, doctors and dentists of the Family Health Strategy in the municipality of Bela Cruz, Ceará, Brazil, about health regulation. Data collection happened from November to December 2008 by applying a questionnaire. Data were organized according to content analysis of Bardin. The results show that the participants have knowledge about the referral flow of patients referred from the primary care to specialized care, the mechanisms used for this purpose, as well as the reference and counter-reference system; they also reported difficulties in the return of patients with the counter-reference form properly filled, thus jeopardizing the continuity of assistance. For these professionals, the regulation is an important management tool for SUS, guaranteeing the right to health.
Clinical emergencies: profile of hospital assistance
Authors: Coelho Monica Franco , Goulart Bethania Ferreira , Chaves Lucieli Dias Pedreschi
Published: January 2023

Changes in the morbidity and mortality profile from chronic non-communicable diseases affect the urgency/emergency care services. We aimed to characterize the profile of emergency clinical care, according to demographic and epidemiological variables and length of stay in a teaching hospital in the interior of São Paulo, 2007. This is a descriptive, exploratory and documentary research that used official data, analyzed by descriptive statistics, discussed based on the theoretical framework of reorganization of urgency and emergency clinical care. In this period there were 5,285 clinical assistances, most were male (54.1%), with elementary education (73.9%), aged from 18 to 59 years (62.8%). Diseases of the circulatory system were the most frequent and the average length of stay in the unit was less than 6 hours (39.8%). The characterization of clinical care in the urgency/emergency service enables the work organization in the study unit and in the hospital.
Self-reported urinary incontinence in elderly and its associated factors
Authors: Bolina Alisson Fernandes , Dias Flávia Aparecida , Santos Nilce Maria de Freitas , Tavares Darlene Mara dos Santos
Published: January 2023

Household survey, cross-sectional and observational study that aimed to verify the socio-demographic factors and self-reported morbidities associated with urinary incontinence (UI). The research was carried out between August and December 2008 with 2,142 elderly people. We used a semi-structured instrument, and performed a descriptive analysis and logistic regression (p<0.05). Most were female and with income of up to one minimum wage. UI prevailed among those aged 70├80 years, widowed and uneducated; for the group without UI: 60├70 years, married or living with partner and 4├8 years of study. The factors associated with increased chances of presenting UI were: 70├80 years and 80 years and older, no education and obesity. It is important to pay attention to the factors associated with UI in the development of effective actions on health prevention.
Disorders of identity and sexual behavior: an epidemiological approach
Authors: Diniz Ieda Aparecida , Chagas Alex Rogério , Fiedler Milla Wildemberg , Ribeiro Rodrigo Buonincontro , Silva Ana Laura Rocha e , Machado Richardson Miranda
Published: January 2023

The research aimed to characterize patients affected by Identity Disorders and Sexual Behavior and identify their occurrence by sex, as well as the patient's origin, diagnosis and length of stay, type of admission and discharge and funding source for services rendered. This is a retrospective study conducted in a psychiatric clinic in the Midwest Miner. The sample consisted of 2715 patients, predominantly male (1518- 55.9%), age range 21-30 years (917- 33.7%), the origin of hospitalization for Psychosocial Care Centers (1123 - 41.3%), the diagnosis of "Other Disorders of sexual preference" (2567- 94.5%), the residence time of 1 to 30 days (1770-65.2%), the high medical (1818-66,9%), the first admissions (1775-65.3%) and Health System as the main funder (2004 to 73.1%). It was evident that the disorders are more common in young men and it was realized how little knowledge of health professionals about these disorders.
Nurse care management in the family health strategy: integrative review
Authors: Fernandes Marcelo Costa , Silva Lucilane Maria Sales da
Published: January 2023

It is an integrative review, in order to identify the theoretical national production about the nurse care management in Family Health Strategy (FHS), between 2001 and 2011. Data were collected in databases of National Library of Medicine, Latin American Literature and Caribbean Health Sciences and Scientific Electronic Library Online. After the analytical reading of the works, 15 articles were selected for analysis into three thematic categories: Nursing care actions in the FHS; Management practices of nurses in the FHS and Nurse care management within the FHS. The literature was strongly influenced by the traditional model of health care, with ambivalent actions of care and managements, and the gap in knowledge regarding nurse care management in the FHS. It is expected that the nurse care management makes possible the deconstruction and construction of new practices of nurses.
Surgery Before Pregnancy in Women with Congenital Heart Disease: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Yanna , Zhang Jun , Li Jiachen , Zhao Yichen , Liu Kemin , Fan Xiangming , Wang Jiangang
Published: January 2023

Background: This study aimed to investigate if surgery before pregnancy would result in better maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with congenital heart disease.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using data collected from the medical records of pregnant patients with congenital heart disease, who were seen at Beijing Anzhen Hospital between 2010 and 2019. The patients were divided into surgical and non-surgical groups, and the differences in outcomes were compared.
Results: A total of 999 patients with congenital heart disease (mean age, 28.7±4.3 years) were enrolled, with 403 (40.0%) and 596 (60.0%) in the surgical and non-surgical groups, respectively. The percentages of almost all adverse events were higher in the non-surgical group than in the surgical group. The adverse events included preterm delivery (9.9 vs. 17.1%), low birth weight (6.5 vs. 11.6%), heart failure (2.7 vs. 6.7%), cesarean section (75.7 vs. 85.9%), pulmonary hypertension (13.6 vs. 36.2%), and death (0.5 vs. 2.3%) (all P < 0.05). A total of 16 (1.6%) patients died, including 14 and two in the non-surgical and surgical groups, respectively. Regardless of the type of congenital heart disease, preterm delivery and low birth weight were more common in the non-surgical group compared with the surgical group, and there were no statistical between group differences in the other remaining events.
Conclusions: In the non-surgical group, the results were similar regardless of the type of congenital heart disease, except for preterm delivery and low birth weight. The overall outcome of the surgical group was better than that of the non-surgical group, and surgery before pregnancy reduced maternal and infant risk.
Does Preschool Education Experience Help Disadvantaged Students Become Academically Resilient? Empirical Evidence from CEPS Data
Authors: Lei Wanpeng
Published: January 2023

Supporting socio-economically disadvantaged students to improve their academic resilience is vital in promoting social mobility and halting intergenerational transmission of poverty. Based on the baseline data 2013-2014 from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) database, this paper examined the impact of preschool education experience on academic resilience of disadvantaged students using coarsened exact matching (CEM) and hierarchical logistic regression. Research findings show that disadvantaged children have less access to preschool education than their advantaged peers, with a kindergarten attendance rate lower than 70%; that preschool education can significantly improve children’s cognitive ability and effectively predict academic resilience of disadvantaged students; and that preschool education is a better predictor of resilience of rural disadvantaged students than that of their urban counterparts. The government should reinforce subsidies for early childhood education that can serve as compensation for disadvantaged kids; and should further universalize preschool education to secure the opportunity of high-quality pre-primary school education for disadvantaged children.
Gauging Gerrymandering in Pennsylvania
Authors: Russell James , Lieberman Benjamin
Published: January 2023

There is currently no widely accepted standard method to determine whether gerrymandering has occurred. To determine a cutoff for unreasonable gerrymandering, simulating collections of districting plans in the absence of partisan bias has been proposed. In simulation-based methods, real-world election outcomes are compared to results from simulated districting plans. Here, a simulation method that creates possible districts in continuous space is proposed. Existing methods use preliminary spatial discretization of the state to perform simulations. This spatial discretization can result in biased estimates, which could lead to inaccurate conclusions regarding gerrymandering. We use our continuous-space method to analyze the political districts in Pennsylvania. All of our simulated elections result in fewer than 13 Republican seats, indicating that the districting plan used in Pennsylvania prior to 2018 was likely gerrymandered. This finding agrees with and confirms the results of simulation-based discrete-space gerrymandering studies without the presence of discretization bias.
Investigation of NIR spectroscopy and electrical resistance-based approaches for moisture determination of logging residues and sweet sorghum
Authors: Hwang Sung-Wook , Chung Hyunwoo , Lee Taekyeong , Kwak Hyo Won , Choi In-Gyu , Yeo Hwanmyeong
Published: January 2023

Techniques based on electrical resistance and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy were used to determine the moisture content (MC) of logging residues and sweet sorghum. The MC of biomass is a factor to be controlled that can affect the quality of final products. To accurately measure the moisture in fragmented materials, it is essential to increase the bulk density of the materials by compression. The low bulk density increased the error from the oven-drying MC and the variation between repeated measurements. The calculated correction factor made it possible to use a commercial wood moisture meter for biomass materials. Ordinary least squares regression models built with the electrical resistance data achieved coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.933 and 0.833 with root mean square errors (RMSE) of 0.505 and 0.891, respectively, for the MC predictions of logging residue and sweet sorghum. Partial least squares regression models combined with NIR spectroscopy achieved R2 of 0.942 and 0.958 with RMSE of 1.318 and 3.681 for logging residue and sweet sorghum, respectively. In contrast to the electrical resistance-based models, the NIR-based models could predict the MC regardless of the bulk density of the materials. Data transformation by the second derivative and removal of outliers contributed to the improvement of the prediction of the NIR-based models.
Perspective of Teachers on Their Competencies for Inclusive Education
Authors: Nimante Dita , Kokare Maija
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this paper is to share findings about teachers’ perceived competencies for inclusion based on data gathered from 1590 (N = 1590) teachers representing 69 mainstream schools of Riga municipality using a survey. In answering the research questions on how teachers perceive themselves, if they have the necessary competencies for implementation of inclusive education, and what is missing, the results showed teachers self-reporting that despite the lack of specific qualification for inclusive education, they have the necessary competencies for inclusion. Teachers indicated that they have a slightly higher level of general competence; however, there is room for improvement in both general and specific competencies for inclusive education. Two of the most important specific competencies for inclusive education that they lack are the “implementation of an inclusive and supportive learning process for everybody by differentiating and adapting the curriculum” and a “timely identification of pupils’ difficulties in the learning process.” The findings reveal the challenges, problems, and limitations that would arise in providing high quality inclusive education to meet the needs of all learners. Despite the fact that teachers perceive that they have certain competencies for inclusive education, the majority of teachers do not feel comfortable and confident in practice in the inclusive classroom. Answers to the other research question revealed a connection between teachers’ age, teaching experience, education, and teachers’ perception of general competencies for inclusive education. A connection was revealed between teachers’ age, teaching experience, and teachers’ perception of specific competencies for inclusive education. Based on the results, suggestions for further research and implications for practice are discussed.
Beginner Teachers’ Encounters with the Reality of Education: Case of the “Teach First Lithuania!” Program
Authors: Lebedytė-Mečionienė Indrė
Published: January 2023

Beginning teachers are confronted with certain established norms, power relations, cultures and systems in schools and in education in general at the beginning of their careers. They are in a constant field of tension and can be much more sensitive to observing and questioning standards than those who have been operating in that system for a long time. In order to maintain a critical and change-oriented approach, it was chosen to describe the ideas of critical pedagogy and to analyze teachers’ experiences through this prism. Nine beginners in teaching from “Teach First Lithuania” were interviewed about their encounters with the reality of education and the choices that followed. The findings of the study revealed the prevailing hierarchical relationships in the school (often based on fear or tension); the prevalence of various types of falsification – when documents do not correspond to reality; orientation to the curriculum, standardized tests, and exams; the formation of academic classes and the “norm” of labeling – phenomena that form the habitus of the weaker and contribute to social reproduction in education. For all participants in the study, the relationship with the students is the most important, but teachers who are still teaching admit that results became very significant (due to pressure from parents, administration, and society). Staying in public schools is most motivated by a sense of appreciation, good relationships with colleagues, and commitment to students. Decisions to abandon teaching are most motivated by a heavy workload and lack of freedom.
Teaching Primary School Students Reflection on Learning: Opportunities in Lithuanian Language Textbooks
Authors: Kulevičienė Rasa
Published: January 2023

In Lithuania, the enablement of primary form students to reflect on learning, and especially during lessons of the Lithuanian language, is little investigated. Therefore, this paper discusses what possibilities are provided by student books on the Lithuanian language Taip and Pupa in this process. The method of thematic analysis was used for the analysis of the said student books. The research revealed that student books from the series Taip include high-quality instruments to achieve this aim, i.e., questions for children’s reflections, open-ended sentences, starting from form 1. Even though these elements remain the same in particular forms throughout an entire school year, a teacher can employ them for different purposes. It was also found that high quality instruments included in the Lithuanian language student books Pupa, i.e. questions on reflecting about learning, are introduced respectively from form 2. Like in student books on the Lithuanian language Taip, instruments for particular forms are the same for an entire school year. The research also revealed that instruments presented in student book series on the Lithuanian language Taip and Pupa are highly valuable, as teachers have the possibility to empower school students to reflect on learning during Lithuanian language lessons in many various aspects, such as cognitive, sensitive, and emotional activities, the problem and value of learning, decision-making, etc.
Implications of Extra-cardiac Disease in Patient Selection for Heart Transplantation: Considerations in Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Punnoose Lynn Raju , Siddiqi Hasan , Rosenthal Julie , Kittleson Michelle , Witteles Ronald , Alexander Kevin
Published: January 2023

Disease-modifying therapies in both light chain and transthyretin amyloidosis have improved patient functional status and survival. Conceivably, as heart failure may progress despite amyloid therapies, more patients may be considered for heart transplantation. In earlier eras, extra-cardiac amyloid deposits significantly reduced post-heart transplant patient survival and functional status compared to the non-amyloid population. In the modern era, transplant centres have reported improved outcomes in amyloidosis as patient selection has grown more stringent. Importantly, systematic candidate evaluation should assess the degree of extra-cardiac involvement, the effectiveness of disease-modifying therapies and downstream effects on patients’ nutrition and frailty. This review outlines such an overall approach while also considering that organ-specific selection criteria may vary between individual transplant centres. A methodical approach to patient evaluation will promote better understanding of the prevalence and severity of extra-cardiac disease in amyloidosis patients referred for heart transplantation and of any disparities in decision outcomes in this population.
The influence of PbO excess in the charge on the optical transmission of Pb2MoO5 crystals
Authors: Bochkova T. M. , Trubitsyn M. P. , Volnianskii M. D. , Volnianska I. P.
Published: January 2023

The single crystals of acousto-optic Pb2MoO5 were grown by the Czochralski technique from a charge of stoichiometric composition and with an excess of lead oxide. Optical transmission spectra of these crystals were measured in the visible wavelength range. The effect of the heat treatment in air and in vacuum was considered. Changes in the valence state of a part of Mo6+ ions to Mo5+ and possible microinclusions of foreign phases are supposed to be responsible for the decrease in the optical transmission of crystals obtained from the charge with PbO excess.
СОЦІАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ СУЇЦИДАЛЬНОЇ ПРОБЛЕМАТИКИ У СУЧАСНОМУ УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ СУСПІЛЬСТВІ
Authors: Osetrova Oksana
Published: January 2023

Феномен суїциду, як правило, викликає суїцидальний жах і відчуження від самої особи, яка добровільно наближує власну смерть, та від її близьких, залишаючи і факти, і осіб, що потребують зовнішньої допомоги й спілкування, зокрема, у соціальному вакуумі, помноженому на внутрішню (екзистенціальну) порожнечу. При цьому за феноменологічними дужками залишається той факт, що суїцидальна дія спричиняється не тільки внутрішніми чинниками, але й зовнішніми – соціальними – впливами, на чому безпосередньо акцентував увагу батько суїцидології, відомий французький соціолог Е. Дюркгайм. З огляду на зазначене та з урахуванням актуальності суїцидальної проблематики мета даного дослідження безпосередньо полягає у з’ясуванні ключових соціальних проблем, всередині яких наразі перебувають українці, а також впливу соціальної проблематики і її зв’язку із сучасними суїцидальними тенденціями в Україні. Інакше кажучи, дану роботу сфокусовано на аналіз суїцидальних причин соціального характеру, що вирізняють сучасні умови буття українського народу, серед яких у I чверті XXI століття почергово зактуалізувалися: 1) пандемія COVID-19 та спричинений нею карантин; 2) повномасштабне вторгнення загарбницьких військ РФ на територію України 24.02.2022 р. Незважаючи на те, що зазначені соціальні проблеми мають спільний характер – танатологічний, вони по-різному вплинули на свідомість і підсвідоме українців, що виявляється у діаметрально протилежних наслідках, які спостерігаються у розвитку суїцидальних тенденцій в Україні: 1) пандемія через ізоляцію/самоізоляцію й відчуження як окремих частин Я, так і Я від Інших спричинила хвилю самогубств; 2) війна через згуртованість у сім’ї/громаді/суспільстві детермінувала наразі зниження суїцидальних тенденцій у суспільстві. Безумовно, суїцидальна проблематика в Україні, на жаль, не зникла, однак наразі вона носить другорядний характер.
МОЖЛИВОСТІ ТА ФАКТОРИ ДЕЗІНТЕГРАЦІЇ СУЧАСНОЇ РОСІЇ
Authors: Perminov Volodymyr
Published: January 2023

Розглядається питання вірогідності розпаду Російської Федерації у найближчому (в перспективі двох років) майбутньому. Проводиться аналогія з розпадом СРСР з метою побачити шляхи та засоби вирішення проблем сьогодення. Доводиться більша обґрунтованість та краща готовність місцевих еліт, аніж це можна було спостерігати під час розпаду Радянського Союзу, що стосується, в першу чергу, ціннісних орієнтирів та розуміння реалій ринкової економіки.
Ẓafarnamah: A Glimpse into the Text and its Historical and Intellectual Context
Authors: Chamankhah Leila
Published: January 2023

Ẓafarnāmah (Book of Victory), written by the tenth Sikh leader, Guru Gobind Singh (d. 1708), in 1705, about the Mughal emperor of India, Aurangzeb (d. 1706). It is widely considered evidence of a religious leader's spiritual victory over a tyrant who not only broke his Koranic oath (and, consequently, fell from his status as a good believer). The book, originally in Persian poetry, is composed of one hundred and eight bayts (verses), and the first twelve verses praise God and His power. Due to its bold divine connotations, Ẓafarnāmah is widely regarded as a spiritual text. However, as I will argue in the following, Ẓafarnāmah should not be treated as just a spiritual text but as one of ‘the mirrors for princes’ that has a well-established tradition in the history of Persian literature and political ethics tradition as well.
Does Sharia Support Cloning: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Hasan Sabbir
Published: January 2023

Recent developments in genetics and biotechnology have ushered in a new era of health advancement. Islam is the name of a faith that inspires its followers to innovate within the limits of Islamic law in the pursuit of knowledge and to improve the quality of life. Modern biotechnology, especially animal cloning, has helped advance human civilisation's social, economic, and health aspects. Therapeutic Cloning has opened up enormous possibilities in medical practice. But cloning technology is also believed to have the potential for reproductive Cloning, which raises ethical issues. Islamic countries need to reach a consensus on this important issue. The need for a Sharia perspective to improve science and technology is evident in the context of greater health development. Muslim scholars need to immediately take a logical and much-needed step towards stem cell research and Cloning that considers the scientific benefits and ethical, legal, and Sharia implications. The present study aims to evaluate the different views of Muslim jurists on therapeutic and reproductive Cloning by clarifying the Shariah position on this controversial issue.
Badanie ukraińskich wspólnot ewngelikalnych poprzez misyjne narracje biograficzne
Authors: Rzepka Marcin
Published: January 2023

By focusing on missionary narratives, the article offers a short description of the Ukrainian evangelical communities that have developed in Poland since 2014. Arguing that the outbreak of the war in Donbass was a decisive moment that shaped the waves of migrations from Ukraine, the article tries to analyze the strategy of reconstructing the biographies of Ukrainian evangelicals in the Polish cultural context. Using the categories of migrants and missionaries as biographical types, the article contextualizes the meaning of evangelicalism through its Ukrainian and Polish variations, and at the same time refers to the processes that are occur ring in evangelical Christianity globally.
Княжна Барбара Соломерецкая (?–1595) – безнаказанная преступница, часть I
Authors: Sliž Natallia
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to Barbara Salamiareckaja (?–1595). She was born in the princely family. It is possible to find Her history of life in the archive in Warsaw. Her biography has not been analyzed in the historiography yet. Barbara was married three times. The first husband was Kanstancin Chadkievič. He died soon after marriage. Than Salamiareckaja became Stanislaŭ Davojna’s wife. It was a period of her criminal activity. Salamiareckaja tried to kill her husband and took away his property. She used the gaps in legal system to avoid punishments. Filip Limant helped her greatly than he became her third husband. In the Salamiarecki family, only Barbara distinguished herself by her criminal activity. This case is very unique. Such female crimes were not widespread among the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Roller fluctuations of pre-aerated high-Froude-number hydraulic jumps
Authors: Zhao Weiyang , Xu Weilin , Wang Hang , Tang Rongcai , Bai Ruidi
Published: January 2023

This work presents an experimental study of the fluctuating properties of hydraulic jump rollers for high-Froude-number and pre-aerated inflow conditions, to investigate the validity of empirical relationships in the literature that are derived typically from experiments for smaller Froude numbers and clear-water approach flows. The jump roller fluctuations are evaluated in terms of the dimensions of the roller surface profile, the fluctuation magnitudes and frequencies of the instantaneous jump toe positions and water elevations, including at the tailwater surface, and the formation frequency and advection velocity of internal vortices in the shear layer. The effects of pre-aeration are found primarily in the length-scale properties such as jump length and surface fluctuation magnitudes, while the time-scale properties such as characteristic frequencies of the unsteady motions are not affected. Extrapolation of existing quantitative prediction of jump roller dynamic properties to high-Froude-number flow conditions should be performed carefully. An assessment of the fluctuating bubble counts within fixed time intervals yields close frequencies between the bubble grouping motions in the shear layer and the jump toe and tailwater wave motions, thus implying possible correlations between the roller surface deformations and air entrainment.
Evaluation of the hemoglobin a1c test in detecting pediatric prediabetes
Authors: BATUR Tuba , AKBAY Halil İbrahim , ÇOKLUK Erdem , ESENDEMİR Ahmet
Published: January 2023

Aim: It was aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test in pediatric prediabetes, and to determine the cut-off value for the adolescent.

Material and Method: This study was carried out by retrospectively evaluating the data of 379 adolescents aged between 10 and 18 years. Prediabetes was diagnosed based on glucose criteria, either the fasting glucose value or the 2-hour (2h) glucose value during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), or HbA1c criteria. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for fasting, OGTT 2h glucose, and HbA1c. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each test by receiver-operating characteristic analysis.

Results: 2.1% of individuals were assigned to the diabetes mellitus group, 21.9% to the prediabetes group, and 76.0% to the normoglycemia group. When 5.7 was used as the threshold value for HbA1c in prediabetes, the sensitivity was 53.0%. The AUC was 0.83 for the HbA1c test. An HbA1c threshold of 5.55% was determined as the optimal cut-off for diagnosing prediabetes, with 62.7% sensitivity and 93.0% specificity.

Conclusion: Although the use of adults’ HbA1c criteria for the diagnosis of prediabetes in the pediatric ages is controversial due to the differences between the results of glucose and HbA1c-based tests, prediabetes screening is still important. HbA1c≥5.55 will be useful to follow up on adolescents with prediabetes in terms of risk and to screen them with blood glucose.
ANTENATAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE DECISION TO HAVE AN ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST
Authors: GÜRSOY Ali , ATASAYAN Kemal , TEKBAŞ Ezgi Doğan
Published: January 2023

Aim
We aimed to investigate the factors that may affect the pregnant’s decision to have an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between 24-28 gestational weeks.

Material and Methods
This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted prospectively with 307 pregnant women. Demographic characteristics of the pregnant women, pregnancy follow-up findings, antenatal tests, and their decision for having an OGTT were questioned and recorded. All the factors were analyzed that may have a possible effect on the OGTT decision.

Results
Fifty-three percent of the participants had OGTT during pregnancy. The rate of positive OGTT was found to be 8.5%. Body mass index, gravida, history of abortion, miscarriage risk, weight gain during pregnancy, the rate of using antenatal folic acid and iron supplementation were similar between the groups that had and did not have OGTT (p >0.05).
In the univariate model, age, parity, planned pregnancy, regular follow-up, educational status and physical activity were found to have a significant effect on predicting patients who will have OGTT (p <0.05). Also, antenatal screening tests and level 2 obstetrics ultrasonography were shown to have a significant independent effect in predicting patients who will have OGTT (p <0.05).

Conclusion
By evaluating the factors that may affect the decision of pregnant about OGTT during pregnancy follow-up, we can predict the patients who tend not to have GDM screening and we can increase the screening rate by giving these pregnant women more detailed information. Thus, we have a chance to diagnose and treat more GDM and reduce related mortality and morbidity.
Ergonomics-Related and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in A High-Hazard Factory in Hatay Region
Authors: ERDEM Mehmet , SAVAŞ Nazan
Published: January 2023

Objectives: The most common work-related diseases are musculoskeletal system disease. This study aims to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in a high-hazard factory and to determine sociodemographic, occupational, and ergonomic risks.
Methods: The research is cross-sectional and was conducted in a high-hazard factory, in Hatay, in 2017. The research population was all factory employees (N=190), and it was aimed to reach the whole population. Of the (97.3%), 185 employees participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements, the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Scale, the observation-based Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) Ergonomic Risk Analysis Scale, and a questionnaire developed by the researchers are used for data collection. In the statistical analyses p<0,05was accepted as significant.
Results According to the Cornell Scale, the frequency of WMSDs was 58.9%. The most common WMSDs were in the lumbar region (34.1%). According to the RULA Scale, 31.9% of the employees had 3rd and 4th-degree ergonomic risk. There were linear relationships between the Cornell Waist Score and each of the three RULA scores (p<0.001). The risk factors for WMSDs in the lumbar region were the presence of chronic disease (OR=5.35), hand tool use (OR=2.63), not having had a work accident (OR=0.04) and RULA scores (OR=1.61),
Conclusion: Approximately one-third of the high-hazard factory employees had a high ergonomic risk. WMSDs existed in more than half of the employees. As the ergonomic risk increases, WMSDs increase.