bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dense weakly lacunary subsystems of orthogonal systems and maximal partial sum operator
Authors: Limonova Irina Viktorovna
Published: March 2024

It is shown that any finite orthogonal system of functions whose norms in $L_p$ are bounded by 1, where $p>2$, has a sufficiently dense subsystem with lacunarity property in the Orlicz space. The norm of the maximal partial sum operator for this subsystem has a better estimate than it is guaranteed by the classical Menshov-Rademacher theorem for general orthogonal systems.
Bibliography: 17 titles.
Rescue from complications after pancreaticoduodenectomies at a low-volume Caribbean center: Value of tailored peri-pancreatectomy protocols
Authors: Cawich Shamir O , Dixon Elijah , Shukla Parul J , Shrikhande Shailesh V , Deshpande Rahul R , Mohammed Fawwaz , Pearce Neil W , Francis Wesley , Johnson Shaneeta , Bujhawan Johann
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a technically complex operation, with a relatively high risk for complications. The ability to rescue patients from post-PD complications is as a recognized quality measure. Tailored protocols were instituted at our low volume facility in the year 2013.

AIM

To document the rate of rescue from post-PD complications with tailored protocols in place as a measure of quality.

METHODS

A retrospective audit was performed to collect data from patients who experienced major post-PD complications at a low volume pancreatic surgery unit in Trinidad and Tobago between January 1, 2013 and June 30, 2023. Standardized definitions from the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery were used to define post-PD complications, and the modified Clavien-Dindo classification was used to classify post-PD complications.

RESULTS

Over the study period, 113 patients at a mean age of 57.5 years (standard deviation [SD] ± 9.23; range: 30-90; median: 56) underwent PDs at this facility. Major complications were recorded in 33 (29.2%) patients at a mean age of 53.8 years (SD: ± 7.9). Twenty-nine (87.9%) patients who experienced major morbidity were salvaged after aggressive treatment of their complication. Four (3.5%) died from bleeding pseudoaneurysm (1), septic shock secondary to a bile leak (1), anastomotic leak (1), and myocardial infarction (1). There was a significantly greater salvage rate in patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists scores ≤ 2 (93.3% vs 25%; P = 0.0024).

CONCLUSION

This paper adds to the growing body of evidence that volume alone should not be used as a marker of quality for patients requiring PD. Despite low volumes at our facility, we demonstrated that 87.9% of patients were rescued from major complications. We attributed this to several factors including development of rescue protocols, the competence of the pancreatic surgery teams and continuous, and adaptive learning by the entire institution, culminating in the development of tailored peri-pancreatectomy protocols.
Role of ablation therapy in conjunction with surgical resection for neuroendocrine tumors involving the liver
Authors: Ostapenko Alexander , Stroever Stephanie , Eyasu Lud , Kim Minha , Aploks Krist , Dong Xiang Da , Seshadri Ramanathan
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Resection of hepatic metastasis from neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) improves quality of life and prolongs 5-year survival. Ablation can be utilized with surgery to achieve complete resection. Although several studies report long-term outcomes for patients undergoing ablation, none have explored perioperative effects of ablation in patients with metastatic NETs.

AIM

To determine if intra-operative ablation during hepatectomy increases risk of adverse outcomes such as surgical site infections (SSIs), bleeding, and bile leak.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of the hepatectomy National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2015-2019 was performed to determine the odds of SSIs, bile leaks, or bleeding in patients undergoing intraoperative ablation when compared to hepatectomy alone.

RESULTS

Of the 966 patients included in the study, 298 (30.9%) underwent ablation during hepatectomy. There were 78 (11.7%) patients with SSIs in the hepatectomy alone group and 39 (13.1%) patients with a SSIs in the hepatectomy with ablation group. Bile leak occurred in 41 (6.2%) and 14 (4.8%) patients in the two groups, respectively; bleeding occurred in 117 (17.5%) and 33 (11.1%), respectively. After controlling for confounding variables, ablation did not increase risk of SSI (P = 0.63), bile leak (P = 0.34) or bleeding (P = 0.07) when compared to patients undergoing resection alone on multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSION

Intraoperative ablation with hepatic resection for NETs is safe in the perioperative period without significant increased risk of infection, bleeding, or bile leak. Surgeons should utilize this modality when appropriate to achieve optimal disease control and outcomes.
Etanercept-synthesizing adipose-derived stem cell secretome: A promising therapeutic option for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Kim Say-June , Kim Ok-Hee , Hong Ha-Eun , Ju Ji Hyeon , Lee Do Sang
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract, with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α playing a key role in its pathogenesis. Etanercept, a decoy receptor for TNF, is used to treat inflammatory conditions. The secretome derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has anti-inflammatory effects, making it a promising therapeutic option for IBD.

AIM

To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the secretome obtained from ASCs synthesizing etanercept on colon cells and in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD mouse model.

METHODS

ASCs were transfected with etanercept-encoding mini-circle plasmids to create etanercept-producing cells. The secretory material from these cells was then tested for anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in a DSS-induced IBD mouse model.

RESULTS

This study revealed promising results indicating that the group treated with the secretome derived from etanercept-synthesizing ASCs [Etanercept-Secretome (Et-Sec) group] had significantly lower expression levels of inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-6, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, and TNF-α, when compared to the control secretome (Ct-Sec). Moreover, the Et-Sec group exhibited a marked therapeutic effect in terms of preserving the architecture of intestinal tissue compared to the Ct-Sec.

CONCLUSION

These results suggest that the secretome derived from ASCs that synthesize etanercept has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of IBD, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy by merging the anti-inflammatory qualities of the ASC secretome with etanercept's targeted approach to better address the multifaceted pathophysiology of IBD.
Mucinous neoplasm of the appendix: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Chang Hao-Cheng , Kang Jung-Cheng , Pu Ta-Wei , Su Ruei-Yu , Chen Chao-Yang , Hu Je-Ming
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs), although not classified as rare, are relatively uncommon tumors most often discovered incidentally during colorectal surgery. Accurate identification of AMNs is difficult due to non-specific symptoms, overlapping tumor markers with other conditions, and the potential for misdiagnosis. This underscores the urgent need for precision in diagnosis to prevent severe complications.

CASE SUMMARY

This case report describes the unexpected discovery and treatment of a low-grade AMN (LAMN) in a 74-year-old man undergoing laparoscopic hemicolectomy for transverse colon adenocarcinoma (AC). Preoperatively, non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms and elevated tumor markers masked the presence of AMN. The tumor, presumed to be an AMN peritoneal cyst intraoperatively, was confirmed as LAMN through histopathological examination. The neoplasm exhibited mucin accumulation and a distinct immunohistochemical profile: Positive for Homeobox protein CDX-2 , Cytokeratin 20, special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2, and Mucin 2 but negative for cytokeratin 7 and Paired box gene 8. This profile aids in distinguishing appendiceal and ovarian mucinous tumors. Postoperative recovery was uncomplicated, and the patient initiated adjuvant chemotherapy for the colon AC.

CONCLUSION

This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of AMNs, emphasizing the need for vigilant identification to avert potential complications, such as pseudomyxoma peritonei.
Source Apportionment and Health Risk of Some Organic Contaminants in Water and Suspended Particulate Matter from Imo River, Nigeria
Authors: Nna P. J. , Orie K. J. , Kalu N. A. S.
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study was to provide the source identification and assessment of potential health associated with some organic contaminant detected in water and suspended particle matter (SPM) from the Imo River, Nigeria using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID) after 1:1 ratio solvent mixture (n-hexane and dichloromethane) extraction. The findings on SPM revealed the values; pH (5.42±0.097-5.567±0.057), conductivity (74.58±5.390-87.6±0.9 uS/cm), and total organic carbon (TOC) (3.626±0.366-6.143±0.176), and surface water; pH (6.077±0.049-6.46±0.52), conductivity (49.03±1.430- 58.12±0.553 uS/cm). The total concentrations of both low and high molecular PAHs in SPM recorded at stations1-3 were 4.384 mg/kg, 16.87 mg/kg, and (22.69 mg/kg); surface water 2.329 mg/L, 7.428 mg/L and 6.657 mg/L. The source apportionment of PAHs in SPM and surface water via molecular diagnostic ratios identified both petrogenic source (crude oil, petroleum spillages, and seepages) and pyrogenic sources (combustion of grass, wood, coal, and gas flaring). A further analysis with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed two principal components, with 65.568% for component 1 and 34.432% for component 2 for SPM, and 62.80% for principal components and 37.2% for principal component 2 for surface water. The correlation analysis of PAHs affirmed common sources such as petrogenic and pyrogenic origins. The toxic equivalent factor of total benzo(a)pyrene for 6 ∑PAHs in SPM was recorded as 3.693 mg/kg, 1.605 mg/kg, and 0.453 mg/kg; surface water was recorded as 0.823 mg/L, 1.858 mg/L, and 0.353 mg/L, while the mutagenic equivalency quantities of SPM were recorded as 3.693mg/kg, 1.146 mg/kg, and 0.316 mg/kg; surface water 0.739 mg/L, 0.938, and 0.577 for stations 1-3. The effect of carcinogenic PAHs in SPM was higher in adults than in children, with regards to ILCR analysis. Users of Imo Rivers should be guided on the exposure of SPM and surface water since the toxic, mutagenic, and cancer risk levels of the river are above the permissible limit in some stations.
Inhibition of Acid Descaling and Pickling Effects on API 5CT Carbon Steel Using Schiff Base Ligand (C24H21N5O2) in 1 M H2SO4 Solution
Authors: Ugi B. U.
Published: March 2024

The objective of this paper was to investigate the inhibition of acid descaling and pickling effects on API 5CT carbon steel using Schiff base ligand (C24H21N5O2) in 1 M H2SO4 solution using  Potentiodynamic Polarization (PDP), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Weight Loss (WL) techniques. FTIR spectroscopy shows that there was a strong adsorption of SFBL on the carbon steel surface due to formation of a complex surface film. Corrosion rate of carbon steel decreased exceedingly from 0.0155 to 0.0002 while inhibition efficiency of SFBL rose from 78.8 % to 98.9 % between 20 ppm and 100 ppm respectively. PDP measurements revealed a mixed type inhibitor. EIS measurement reveals that the increasing charge transfer resistance was directly proportional to the increase inhibitor concentration and the double layer capacitance dropped from 1.98 to 0.61 indicating a stronger inhibition.
Optimization of Selected Squeeze Casting Parameters on the Mechanical Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Ojarigho E. V. , Akpobi J. A. , Evoke E.
Published: March 2024

Aluminum alloy have versatile applications and can be produced via a cost-effective squeeze casting technique. Existing literature has revealed that squeeze casting enhances the mechanical properties of cast products and has the advantage of producing products almost without porosity.  However, squeeze casting is faced with some challenges including extrusion segregations, centerline segregation, and oxide inclusion, porosity, blistering, under fill, sticking, hot tearing, case debonding, and shrinkages. In view of minimizing these defects, casting should be done applying optimal parameters that will yield the desired result. The present study focused on the optimization of squeeze parameters of squeeze pressure, pressure duration, pouring temperature, initial die temperature in the production of the aluminium alloy (Al-12%Si). Evaluated responses are yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. The results showed that the process parameters had statistical significance on all properties at 95 % confidence level. Combined interactions of these parameters also presented significant effects on the property responses. Optimum setting for process factors as regards yield strength and ultimate tensile strength were evaluated 150MPa, 15seconds, 700oC and150oC for squeeze pressure, pressure duration, pouring temperature and initial die temperature respectively. The results obtained for the three responses which are yield strength and ultimate tensile strength, were 302.86MPa and 347.72MPa respectively.
Assessment of Naturally Occurring Radionuclides and Heavy Metals Level and Health Risks in Commonly Consumed African catfish, White Catfish and Nile Tilapia Fish Species from Epe Waterside Region of Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Olurin T. O.
Published: March 2024

Elevated levels of radionuclides and toxic metals in water can potentially influence the growth of fish during their mature stages, posing a risk of human exposure through the consumption of contaminated fish. This investigation assessed the levels of health risk of naturally occurring radionuclides and heavy metals in commonly consumed African catfish, White catfish and Nile tilapia fish species in the Epe Waterside region of Lagos, Nigeria, using a sodium iodide detector and an atomic absorption spectrometer. The activity concentrations (Bq/kg) of 40K (29.1±21.0-823.5±18.2) were higher than 226Ra (27.1±87.8-202.7±50.3) and 232Th (52.9±7.4-600.2±7.0), with mean values exceeding the permissible limits set by WHO. The mean committed effective dose rate is above the 50 mSv recommended by ICRP. The mean annual intake and cancer risks for people who consume fish on a weekly basis (nutrition statistics for seven, five, three, and one day per week) were relatively high, surpassing the permissible limit of 1.0×10-6 as recommended by WHO. The concentrations of heavy metals (Zn: 0.026-1.344, Cu: 0.008-0.055, and Cd: 0.048-0.250 mg/kg) exhibited mean values that fell within the acceptable limits defined by FAO/WHO, with the exception of Pb, which recorded a higher concentration ranging from 2.51 to 3.39 mg/kg. The fish's natural habitats (lagoon) have been contaminated by toxins, likely originating from industries, waste disposal activities, agrochemicals, rusty pipes, and other fittings. Encouraging the cultivation of fishes in domesticated ponds around the study area can reduce the risk of consuming contaminated fish and other seafood.
Impact of Crude Oil Polluted Soil on Seedling Morphological Characteristics and Biomass Accumulation of Monodora myristica (African Nutmeg)
Authors: Fredrick C. , Chima U. D. , Alex A. , Okwusike P. C.
Published: March 2024

This study was designed to investigate the effect of crude oil polluted soil on the morphological characteristics and biomass accumulation of Monodora myristica seedling. The study was carried out in the forest nursery of the Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria using standard field experimental methods. Significant variations (P ≤ 0.05) were observed in seedling height and biomass while number of leaves and collar diameter displayed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between treatments. The result shows that M. myristica seedlings are not tolerant to crude oil pollution. The trend in growth parameters measured showed that increased level of crude oil reduced growth. It is recommended that M. myristica seedlings should not be raised in crude oil polluted soils or be used in crude oil pollution remediation programmes due to its poor growth performance.
Geochemical and Organic Petrological Evaluation of Organic Matter from Tertiary Sediments of Baga Field in Chad Basin, Northeast Nigeria
Authors: Uzoegbu M. U. , Oghonyon R.
Published: March 2024

The Upper Cretaceous sediments in Bornu are considered an important regional source rock in the Chad Basin. This study therefore evaluated the geochemical and organic petrological evaluation of organic matter in tertiary sediments of Chad Basin, Northeast Nigeria by collecting 25 cutting samples from these organic-rich shale sediments from four wells drilled in Baga field in the Nigeria sector (Bornu) of the Chad Basin, in order to geochemically assess the type of organic matter, thermal maturity, and palaeoenvironmental conditions. Results reveal that Bornu sediments contain high organic matter more than 2.0 wt% TOC and have an excellent oil-generation potential. This is supported by high bitumen extractions and hydrocarbon yields with values 5827 and 3547 ppm, respectively. The investigated biomarkers indicated that the shale sediments contain a high abundance of C27 regular sterane concentrations, high C27/C29 regular sterane ratios and relatively low value of the biomarker sterane/hopane ratio as well as the presence of tricyclic terpanes. A mainly suboxic to relatively anoxic preservation conditions is inferred from Pr/Ph ratios (1.03–2.53). This is support by normal alkane distributions, which are characterized by dominance of types I/II kerogen and low medium molecular weight n-alkane compounds, respectively. This is further supported by lower amounts of acyclic isoprenoids compared to n-alkanes (e.g., pristane/n-C17 and phytane/n-C18 ratios). This is also supported by a mixture of algal and amorphous organic matter that was deposited in a lacustrine environment identified from kerogen microscopy. Based on the analyzed biomarkers, triterpanes and terpanes thermal maturity indicates that the Bornu sediments organic matters have entered into early mature stage for oil generation. This is also supported by vitrinite reflectance values of 0.57–0.71 % Ro indicate that these organic matters have reached oil window maturity.
Towards a Reduced Pollution Society: Systematic Review on the Role of Storytelling, Social Media, Humor and Celebrities’ Influence for Research Communication
Authors: Omoyajowo K. O. , Raimi M. O. , Omoyajowo K. A. , Makengo M. B. , Adegboyo S. , Innocent D. C. , Oni S. , Oguntuyi J. , Oyediran A. , Ogunyebi A. L. , Kakwi D.
Published: March 2024

Humanity's pollutive activities pose significant threats to biodiversity, agricultural productivity, and human health. Effective communication about these issues is crucial for fostering awareness and understanding. To achieve a more impactful dialogue, it is essential to facilitate collaboration across disciplines through an interdisciplinary system approach. This paper specifically aims to examine the role of storytelling, humor, and celebrities' influence in reinforcing pro-environmental behaviors. The focus is on reducing pollution and its impact through experiential, emotional, and aesthetic learning. To ensure the validity of the review, articles were systematically collected from accredited journal sites indexed by Scopus, Web of Science, and other reputable sources. The analysis indicates that anthropogenic pollutants, ingested through food, soil, air, or water, can have disastrous effects on human and environmental health. The study emphasizes the potential of storytelling, humor, and celebrities' influence to significantly mitigate these impacts. The integration of humor, storytelling, and the influence of celebrities in the media, as powerful communication tools, can contribute to a drastic reduction in pollution and its associated effects. These approaches serve as universal languages that resonate with diverse audiences. The study advocates for strong advocacy and effective communication strategies employing humor, storytelling, and celebrity influence. Celebrity influencers, with their substantial social influence, can act as science communicators, translating complex pollution statistics to inform the public about their contribution to pollution and motivating behavior change for environmental health improvement.
Compositional Analysis of Complementary Foods Given by Mothers to Children Aged 6-23 Months in Giginyu Nassarawa Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Anaemene D. I. , Mohammed M. A. , Oni R. A.
Published: March 2024

Under nutrition among young children is high and poor complementary foods have been implicated. The objective of this study was to investigate compositional analysis of complementary foods given by mothers to children aged 6-23 months in Giginyu Nassarawa Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods and compare with a commercial complementary food (control). Energy density was designated low if < 0.8 kcal and contribution of meals to daily requirements (RDA) of protein, calcium and zinc for young children determined. The moisture, protein, ash, energy density, calcium, zinc, and phytate contents of the complementary meals (100g wet basis) ranged from 64.32-83.7%, 0.74-6.29%, 0.04-1.41%, 0.37-1.17 kcal/ml, 0.82-27.00 mg/100g, 0.022-0.277mg/100g and 0.05-1.68%, respectively. The soybean based meal, ‘SB’ was significantly higher (p<0.01) than other meals including the control, in protein, ash, energy, calcium, zinc and phytate contents.  All other meals met above 50% of the RDA for protein except CMS1 (33%), SMMG (42.1%), PS (19.7%) and MSMP (32.8%). Except SB and CMS2 that contributed above 20-37% of RDA for calcium and zinc, the rest of the complementary meals were very low in calcium and zinc content.The moisture contents of common complementary meals offered to older infants in Giginyu LGA, Kano State are quite high which affected the energy density of the meals. Except for pap/sugar and custard based meals, the meals had appreciable levels of protein contents. However, there was low calcium and zinc (micronutrients) contents of most of the meals with about 400 mls daily consumption.
Interest of thoracic ultrasound after cardiac surgery or interventional cardiology
Authors: Boussuges Martin , Blanc Philippe , Bregeon Fabienne , Boussuges Alain
Published: March 2024

Thoracic ultrasound has attracted much interest in detecting pleural effusion or pulmonary consolidation after cardiac surgery. In 2016, Trovato reported, in the World Journal of Cardiology , the interest of using, in addition to echocardiography, thoracic ultrasound. In this editorial, we highlight the value of assessing diaphragm function after cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology procedures. Various factors are able to impair diaphragm function after such interventions. Diaphragm motion may be decreased by chest pain secondary to sternotomy, pleural effusion or impaired muscle function. Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis may be secondary to phrenic nerve damage complicating cardiac surgery or atrial fibrillation ablation. Diagnosis may be delayed. Indeed, respiratory troubles induced by diaphragm dysfunction are frequently attributed to pre-existing heart disease or pulmonary complications secondary to surgery. In addition, elevated hemidiaphragm secondary to diaphragm dysfunction is sometimes not observed on chest X-ray performed in supine position in the intensive care unit. Analysis of diaphragm function by ultrasound during the recovery period appears essential. Both hemidiaphragms can be studied by two complementary ultrasound methods. The mobility of each hemidiaphragms is measured by M-mode ultrasonography. In addition, recording the percentage of inspiratory thickening provides important information about the quality of muscle function. These two approaches make it possible to detect hemidiaphragm paralysis or dysfunction. Such a diagnosis is important because persistent diaphragm dysfunction after cardiac surgery has been shown to be associated with adverse respiratory outcome. Early respiratory physiotherapy is able to improve respiratory function through strengthening of the inspiratory muscles i.e. diaphragm and accessory inspiratory muscles.
Sex and racial disparities in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related cardiovascular events: National inpatient sample analysis (2019)
Authors: Desai Rupak , Alvi Ali Tariq , Vasavada Advait , Pulakurthi Yashwitha Sai , Patel Bhavin , Mohammed Adil Sarvar , Doshi Shreyans , Ogbu Ikechukwu
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk irrespective of other risk factors. However, large-scale cardiovascular sex and race differences are poorly understood.

AIM

To investigate the relationship between NAFLD and major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in subgroups using a nationally representative United States inpatient sample.

METHODS

We examined National Inpatient Sample (2019) to identify adult hospitalizations with NAFLD by age, sex, and race using ICD-10-CM codes. Clinical and demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and MACCE-related mortality, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiac arrest, and stroke were compared in NAFLD cohorts by sex and race. Multivariable regression analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, hospitalization features, and comorbidities.

RESULTS

We examined 409130 hospitalizations [median 55 (IQR 43-66) years] with NFALD. NAFLD was more common in females (1.2%), Hispanics (2%), and Native Americans (1.9%) than whites. Females often reported non-elective admissions, Medicare enrolment, the median age of 55 (IQR 42-67), and poor income. Females had higher obesity and uncomplicated diabetes but lower hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and complicated diabetes than males. Hispanics had a median age of 48 (IQR 37-60), were Medicaid enrollees, and had non-elective admissions. Hispanics had greater diabetes and obesity rates than whites but lower hypertension and hyperlipidemia. MACCE, all-cause mortality, AMI, cardiac arrest, and stroke were all greater in elderly individuals (P < 0.001). MACCE, AMI, and cardiac arrest were more common in men (P < 0.001). Native Americans (aOR 1.64) and Asian Pacific Islanders (aOR 1.18) had higher all-cause death risks than whites.

CONCLUSION

Increasing age and male sex link NAFLD with adverse MACCE outcomes; Native Americans and Asian Pacific Islanders face higher mortality, highlighting a need for tailored interventions and care.
Epicardial adipose tissue in obesity with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance biomarker study
Authors: Shao Ju-Wei , Chen Bing-Hua , Abu-Shaban Kamil , Baiyasi Ahmad , Wu Lian-Ming , Ma Jing
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Obesity has become a serious public health issue, significantly elevating the risk of various complications. It is a well-established contributor to Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Evaluating HFpEF in obesity is crucial. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has emerged as a valuable tool for validating prognostic biomarkers and guiding treatment targets. Hence, assessing EAT is of paramount importance. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is acknowledged as the gold standard for analyzing cardiac function and morphology. We hope to use CMR to assess EAT as a bioimaging marker to evaluate HFpEF in obese patients.

AIM

To assess the diagnostic utility of CMR for evaluating heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF; left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction ≥ 50%] by measuring the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volumes and EAT mass in obese patients.

METHODS

Sixty-two obese patients were divided into two groups for a case-control study based on whether or not they had heart failure with HFpEF. The two groups were defined as HFpEF+ and HFpEF-. LV geometry, global systolic function, EAT volumes and EAT mass of all subjects were obtained using cine magnetic resonance sequences.

RESULTS

Forty-five patients of HFpEF- group and seventeen patients of HFpEF+ group were included. LV mass index (g/m2) of HFpEF+ group was higher than HFpEF- group (P < 0.05). In HFpEF+ group, EAT volumes, EAT volume index, EAT mass, EAT mass index and the ratio of EAT/[left atrial (LA) left-right (LR) diameter] were higher compared to HFpEF- group (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, Higher EAT/LA LR diameter ratio was associated with higher odds ratio of HFpEF.

CONCLUSION

EAT/LA LR diameter ratio is highly associated with HFpEF in obese patients. It is plausible that there may be utility in CMR for assessing obese patients for HFpEF using EAT/LA LR diameter ratio as a diagnostic biomarker. Further prospective studies, are needed to validate these proof-of-concept findings.
Prividni red u haotičnom svijetu / The Apparent Order in a Chaotic World
Authors: Delić Sanita
Published: March 2024

The primary objective of this paper is to show how Oedipa Maas, the central character in Thomas Pynchon’s novel The Crying of Lot 49, navigates the world by adhering to traditional and formal methods of rationalization. This entails creating a structured framework for understanding the world and its phenomena through strict logical connectives. Traditionally, such a form of rationalization has been associated with the analytical capacities of individuals, with the expectation that it can yield a singular, valid interpretation of the world. In this paper, we will examine Oedipa Maas’s condition and actions within the framework of two linguistic theories: one positing the existence of universal interpretive tools (Logos) aimed at providing a singular worldview, and the other emphasizing the social historical influences on individuals and the contingent nature of language as tools for interpreting the world. We attribute the first theory to Ferdinand de Saussure and the second to Jacques Derrida. This theoretical foundation will help us highlight the epistemic dimensions of the novel, where the protagonist attempts to adhere to a logocentric approach in her understanding of the world. Oedipa rejects Derrida’s view of language, fearing that it will lead to meaninglessness or chaos, and instead strives for a harmonious vision of the world (cosmos). However, the order she seeks and occasionally perceives is merely a reflection of her interpretive framework. She desires to perceive order, but it exists solely within the confines of her language.
Neološka tvorba riječi u slavenskim jezicima
Authors: Šehović Amela
Published: March 2024

Book review: Ološtiak, Martin; Liptáková, Ľudmila, Bednárová-Gibová, Klaudia, ur., 2022. Slovanská slovotvorba: synchrónia, inovácie, neologizácia, zbornik radova Dvadesete prve međunarodne naučne konferencije Komisije za tvorbu riječi Međunarodnog komiteta slavista. Prešov: Prešovská univerzita v Prešove vo Vydavateľstve Prešovskej univerzity, str. 430.
LPG YAKITLI BUJİ ATEŞLEMELİ MOTORLARDA STROK/ÇAP ORANI ETKİLERİNİN EKSERJİ ANALİZİYLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Sezer İsmet
Published: March 2024

Sunulan çalışmada LPG (%100 Propan) yakıtlı buji ateşlemeli motorlarda strok/çap (s/ç) oranının etkileri kullanılabilirlik (ekserji) analiziyle teorik olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla iki bölgeli yanma modeline sahip sanki boyutlu bir buji ateşlemeli çevrim modeli kullanılmıştır. Çevrim modelinde yanma işlemi türbülanslı alev yayılması yaklaşımıyla, emme ve egzoz işlemleri ise basit ampirik bağıntılar kullanılarak modellenmiştir. Ekserji analizini gerçekleştirmek için kullanılan çevrim modeline termodinamiğin ikinci kanunuyla ilgili yaklaşımlar uygulanmıştır. Ekserji analizinde ısı, iş ve egzozla transfer edilen ekserjiler, tersinmezlikler, yakıt kimyasal ekserjisi, termomekanik ekserji ve toplam ekserji gibi ekserjitik terimler seçilen strok/çap oranları için hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, 1. ve 2. Kanun verimleri ile indike özgül yakıt tüketimi de hesaplanmıştır. Böylece, buji ateşlemeli LPG yakıtlı motorlarda s/ç oranının ekserjitik terimler, 1. ve 2. Kanun verimleri ve indike özgül yakıt tüketimi üzerindeki etkileri belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, LPG yakıtlı buji ateşlemeli motorlarda s/ç oranının artırılmasının ısı kayıpları ve tersinmezlik değerlerini ve indike özgül yakıt tüketimini azalttığını, çevrim işi, egzoz gazlarıyla kaybedilen ekserji, 1. Kanun verimini ve 2. Kanun verimini artırdığını göstermiştir. LPG yakıtlı buji ateşlemeli motorlarda strok/çap oranının 0,7 değerinden 1,3 değerine çıkarılması ısı kayıplarını %10,67, tersinmezlikleri %1,89 ve indike özgül yakıt tüketimini %3,91oranlarında azaltırken işle transfer edilen ekserjiyi %4,12, egzozla kaybedilen ekserjiyi %2, 1. Kanun verimini %4,07 ve 2. Kanun verimini %4,08 oranlarında artırmıştır.
PLOUGHSHARES MATERIAL SELECTION: SHANNON’S ENTROPY BASED FUZZY TOPSIS APPLICATION
Authors: Şengül Ahmet Bilal
Published: March 2024

Material selection in the engineering design process is a challenging process because there are many materials and many contradictory features that must be together. The plough is the most important and basic tool of tillage. Large abrasions, cracks and even sudden breaks can occur in the plough that cultivates the soil. For this reason, the material chosen for the production of the ploughshares is extremely important. In this study, first of all, the criteria that are important in the selection of ploughshares iron were determined, and the criteria were weighted with the Interval Shannon Entropy method. Material preference ranking was made using "the Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution" (FTOPSIS) technique. According to the result, the order of the ploughshare’s material selection criteria is, respectively; hardness, wear percentage, toughness, tensile stress, thermal conductivity and cost. As a result of the selection made using the FTOPSIS method; It has been determined that 33MnCrB5(1.7185) should be preferred in the first place among the candidate materials, and then the order of preference should be 51CrV4(1.8159), 60SiMn5(SAE9262), 41CrMo4 (1.7225QT-4140), respectively. Sensitivity analysis was performed at α =0.1,0.5 and 0.9 levels. Three α -cutting levels were identical to the sequence of alternatives.
La grave crisis del sistema carcelario en los centros de privación de libertad
Authors: Coello Chang Irene Yuglan , Zamora Vázquez Ana Fabiola
Published: March 2024

El sistema penitenciario de Ecuador enfrenta una crisis estructural de proporciones preocupantes. Esta investigación se centra en analizar las diversas causas que han precipitado esta situación, con el objetivo de determinar la responsabilidad del Estado ecuatoriano en esta crisis. Se examina específicamente si el Estado cumple adecuadamente con su obligación de rehabilitar a los condenados y reintegrarlos a la sociedad tras el cumplimiento de sus penas. Se evidencia una ausencia significativa de programas efectivos de reinserción para las Personas Privadas de Libertad (PPL), lo que directamente contribuye a la crisis carcelaria actúa. El propósito de este estudio es analizar críticamente la situación del sistema penitenciario ecuatoriano, identificando las deficiencias en los programas de rehabilitación y reinserción social ofrecidos a las PPL. Se busca determinar si el Estado es el principal responsable de la crisis carcelaria mediante el análisis de diversas fuentes bibliográficas y la evaluación de su cumplimiento de las obligaciones legales y humanitarias hacia este grupo vulnerable. Se llevó a cabo una investigación cualitativa, donde se analizaron diversas fuentes bibliográficas especializadas para abordar el problema del sistema penitenciario en Ecuador. Se examinaron informes gubernamentales, estudios académicos y documentos legales pertinentes para comprender a fondo las causas subyacentes de la crisis carcelaria. Esta metodología permitió una evaluación exhaustiva de las deficiencias institucionales y la falta de programas de rehabilitación adecuados para las PPL en el país. Los resultados de la investigación revelan una serie de factores que contribuyen a la crisis carcelaria en Ecuador. Entre ellos se destacan el hacinamiento, la sobrepoblación, el debilitamiento institucional, el tráfico de drogas y armas, entre otros. Se evidencia que el Estado no cumple adecuadamente con su obligación de rehabilitar a los condenados y reintegrarlos a la sociedad, lo que agrava la situación y hace más miserable la vida de las PPL dentro de los centros de reclusión. Este estudio confirma que el Estado ecuatoriano es el principal responsable de la crisis carcelaria existente en el país. La falta de programas efectivos de rehabilitación y reinserción social para las PPL, junto con otras deficiencias institucionales, ha exacerbado la situación. Es imperativo que el Estado tome medidas urgentes y efectivas para abordar estas deficiencias y garantizar el respeto de los derechos humanos y la dignidad de las personas privadas de libertad en Ecuador.
HIV-Syphilis Coinfection: The Clinical Intersection of 02 Cases
Authors: Hafsa El Boukili
Published: March 2024

Syphilis is a complex disease, which is sexually transmitted. The incidence of syphilis is rising all over the world, partly due to the increased transmission in HIV patients and other high-risk groups such as the homosexual population. Interestingly syphilis itself facilitates HIV infection in several ways. Great importance exists in recognition of both diseases and their complex interactions.
Peripheral Facial Palsy in Geniculate Herpes Zoster Revealing HIV Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Saliou Toure Mariama
Published: March 2024

Herpes zoster of the geniculate ganglion is characterized by severe paroxysmal ear pain accompanied by an erythematous vesicular rash involving the external auditory canal. Most people with herpes zoster have associated immunodepression of any type. We report a case of PFP in a patient living with HIV during geniculate herpes zoster.
ANALISIS NILAI-NILAI ANTI KEKERASAN DALAM BUKU PELAJARAN AGAMA KATOLIK TINGKAT SMA
Authors: Belen Nyalia
Published: March 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang nilai-nilai anti kekerasan dalam buku ajar Pendidikan Agama Katolik dan Budi Pekerti kelas X, XI dan XII. Tujuannya adalah untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan  ragam materi tentang anti kekerasan, pemahaman dan nilai-nilai anti kekerasan serta pewartaan tentang anti kekerasan sebagaimana diajarkan oleh Gereja Katolik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan. Untuk tiba pada validitas data pustaka, digunakan di sini teknik triangulasi dalam pengumpulan data yakni triangulasi data dan triangulasi sumber. Sedangkan analisisnya terdiri atas reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini ialah terdapat ragam materi anti kekerasan dalam buku ajar Pendidikan Agama Katolik SMA, yang membentuk 13 pemahaman anti kekerasan. Ditemukan pula nilai-nilai anti kekerasan sebagaimana diajarkan Gereja Katolik  Hal yang dirasa kurang adalah tekanan yang besar pada aspek pengetahuan dan kurang menekankan pada aspek sikap dan aspek psikomotorik. Nilai-nilai anti kekerasan seharusnya tidak hanya sebatas pengetahuan melainkan sikap yang dibutikan melalui keterampilan.AbstractThis research discusses the anti-violence values in Catholic Religious Education textbooks for high schools for classes X, XI, and XII. The aim is to analyze and describe the variety of materials on anti-violence, understanding and values of anti-violence, and advocacy of anti-violence as taught by the Catholic Church. This study employs a qualitative approach using literature review method. To ensure the validity of the literature data, triangulation techniques are utilized, including data triangulation and source triangulation. The analysis consists of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal various anti-violence materials in Catholic Religious Education textbooks for high schools, which form 13 understandings of anti-violence. Additionally, anti-violence values as taught by the Catholic Church are identified. A notable shortfall is the heavy emphasis on knowledge aspect and insufficient focus on attitude and psychomotor aspects. Anti-violence values should not solely be confined to knowledge but also demonstrated through skills and attitudes.
Kombinasi Metode AHP dan Metode OCRA Pada Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemberian Reward Pada Karyawan
Authors: Hutagalung Brien A F
Published: March 2024

In carrying out their work, every officer or employee certainly has competence that can be relied on. Competence becomes the provision and capital for employees to work professionally. This competency must continue to be honed and improved for employees so that employees' contributions to the agency or organization in the future will be even better. Competence is the main variable that an employee must have in carrying out his work so that the competence he has can help employees carry out their work according to predetermined targets. It is stated that competence is a basic characteristic possessed by a person that directly influences performance or can predict excellent performance. It could be said that competence is what outstanding performers do more often and more. Decision Making on Giving Rewards to PT. Matahari Department store is still not good. This is because subjective elements dominate so that employees with good performance do not have the opportunity to obtain these rewards. In order to provide rewards to employees more precisely and evenly, researchers created a more systematic program design in a Visual Basic Net application system. 2010 by applying a combination of AHP and OCRA methods, where this method makes decisions based on the highest value of each alternative and the values of previously determined criteria. A decision support system is an interactive system that supports decisions in the decision-making process through alternatives obtained from the results of data processing, information and model design using a combination of AHP and Ocra methods. A trial was carried out to enter a data sample of 10 candidates for receiving the reward. With the Decision Support System, it can provide recommendations for reward recipients based on ranking, from 10 potential reward recipients based on the highest ranking, namely: Alternative 1 with a value of 0, Alternative 2 with a value of 0.0339.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SPATIAL ARRANGEMENTS OF Jatropha curcas L. ON FOOD CROPS
Authors: Noda-Leyva Yolai , Martín-Martín Giraldo Jesús , Martín-Alonso Gloria Marta , Perez vazquez Arturo
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study was to assess, during three years, the spatial arrangement that will enhance the morpho-productive development of Jatropha curcas L. in association systems with staple crops. It was hypothesized that the association of crops is a factor that determines the behavior of the species and the development of agroenergetic farms, considering rainy and low rainfall periods. A quasi-experimental design was used, and four treatments were tested: 1) J. curcas (Jc) in monoculture; 2) 50 % of the area with Jc and 50 % planted with food crops in rotation (CA); 3) Jc intercropped with CA; and 4) area planted with CA. A principal component statistical analysis was performed with the variables fruit yield and associated crop yield using 95 % confidence intervals from a Student’s t-test. The number of bunches and total fruit and seeds harvested from Jc were shown to be the most important and had a positive correlation for the first component in each period. As for fruit yield, the highest values were achieved in monoculture. Although high yields were not attained in CA, the relationship is regarded favorable since the use of polycultures is viable, fundamentally in the arrangement of 50 % Jc + 50 % CA, being positive the biological efficiency given by the diversification and the best equivalent land use.
Enhancing Skin Cancer Classification on the PH2 Dataset Through Transfer Learning Technique
Authors: Dr Latha M  , Dr Manjula G  , Dr Raghavendra Y M  , Keerthi Kumar M  , Rashmi H C
Published: March 2024

Skin, the largest organ of the human body, serves as a crucial barrier against external threats. Among the myriad skin diseases, melanoma, or skin cancer, stands out as one of the most perilous and lethal conditions. However, its prognosis dramatically improves when detected early. The advent of advanced diagnostic imaging methods has mitigated the risks associated with cancer treatment, facilitating precise diagnoses and enhancing treatment efficacy. The development and evaluation of image processing algorithms for medical image analysis heavily rely on the availability of medical images. In this study, we utilize dermoscopic images sourced from the PH2 database for analysis. Our results demonstrate that the Skin Cancer Classification (SCC) system, employing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), outperforms traditional methods in terms of accuracy (98.5%), specificity (100%), and sensitivity (97.5%) across both stages of evaluation. From the analysis, it is evident that the superiority of CNN-based SCC systems in accurately diagnosing skin cancer. This paper underscores the significance of leveraging advanced image processing techniques for medical image analysis, paving the way for reliable skin cancer classification systems with potential clinical applicability.
Bidirectional Charger for Electric Vehicle Applications
Authors: Anuja G  , Kepha Rhenie S E  , Remsangpuii Khiangte  , Sridhar M R  , Sridharan R  , Elango S
Published: March 2024

The rise in EV mobility has encouraged the growth of V2G technology. The vehicle-to-grid technology allows bidirectional power flow between the battery of the EV and the grid. In the G2V mode of operation, EV batteries are charged from the grid. Bidirectional buck-boost converters allow power flow control, load balancing, and distributed resource integration, contributing to grid stability and resilience. It also helps in the synchronization of renewable energy sources with the grid by stepping up or down the voltage to match the grid requirements. The proposed system consists of a bidirectional DC-DC converter, which is used to control the power flow in both directions. A MATLAB Simulink model for the converter has been simulated with a PI controller to operate in a closed-loop mode. In addition to the simulation, a prototype model of the converter has been developed.
The Influence of Leadership Styles on Employee Motivation and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Samar Reyaz
Published: March 2024

This research paper delves into the complex correlation between leadership styles and their impact on employee motivation and job satisfaction within organizational contexts. Recognizing effective leadership as crucial in moulding employee attitudes, behaviours, and overall organizational outcomes, this paper undertakes a comprehensive examination of various leadership styles, including transformational, transactional, charismatic, and laissez-faire approaches, and their respective influences on employee motivation and job satisfaction. Through meticulous scrutiny of existing literature and empirical studies, this paper aims to offer insights into how different leadership styles shape employee engagement, motivation, and overall satisfaction in the workplace. Comprehending these dynamics is imperative for organizations aiming to bolster employee performance and attain enduring success.