bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación de la turbiedad y la conductividad ocurrida en temporada seca y de lluvia en el río Combeima (Ibagué, Colombia)
Authors: Ospina Zuñiga Oscar , García Cobas Georgina , Gordillo Rivera Jorge , Tovar Hernández Katerine
Published: May 2016

Introducción: resultados del proyecto de investigación “Evaluación de cargas contaminantes en el río Combeima, principal fuente de abastecimiento del acueducto urbano de Ibagué”, realizado por la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Ibagué. Metodología: se desarrolló una investigación exploratoria que evaluó el comportamiento espacial de la turbiedad y conductividad del río en el 2014, a partir de muestreos de calidad de agua cruda en siete diferentes puntos a lo largo de su cauce. Se llevó a cabo en temporada seca y lluviosa, y su análisis durante el periodo comprendido entre el 2008 y 2012, cuando ocurrieron temporadas secas y lluviosas caracterizadas por los fenómenos naturales de la Niña y el Niño. Resultados: en mayo se presentaron los mayores valores del promedio mensual, periodo que corresponde a la primera temporada de lluvias, de manera que es evidente el aumento progresivo promedio anual. La conductividad no evidenció variaciones anuales; se obtuvieron concentraciones admisibles para consumo humano, en las cuales las condiciones climatológicas no incidieron significativamente en su comportamiento, aun a pesar de presentarse valores variados de turbiedad, a la que no está ligada. Conclusiones: la empresa ibal s.a. e.s.p. planteó una solución a mediano plazo a fin de mitigar el efecto de elevada turbiedad en temporada lluviosa, mediante la realización de un estudio, el diseño y la construcción de bocatomas satélites en las fuentes que, dados su caudal y condiciones operativas, resulten favorables para actuar como sistemas sustitutos en aquellos periodos en que sea imperioso el cierre de la actual bocatoma
Identificación de factores de tipo categórico relacionados con la condición estructural de tuberías de alcantarillado de Bogotá a partir de conceptos de entropía de la información
Authors: Hernández Rodríguez Natalie , Obregón Neira Nelson , Torres Andrés
Published: May 2016

Introducción: este artículo es producto del proyecto de investigación “Identificación de factores de tipo categórico con la condición estructural de tuberías de alcantarillado de Bogotá a partir de conceptos de entropía de la información”, financiado por la Maestría en Hidrosistemas de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, y desarrollado durante el 2014 y el 2015. El objetivo fue identificar qué influencia tienen factores de tipo cualitativo (tipo de red, material de la superficie vial asociada y material de las tuberías) sobre el grado estructural obtenido a partir de inspecciones CCTV  realizadas en Bogotá entre el 2007 y el 2011. Metodología: se estudiaron los conceptos de entropía de la información mutua a fin de encontrar independencia entre las siguientes variables categóricas: tipo de tubería, tipo de superficie vial sobre la tubería y material de la tubería. Resultados: obtenidos a partir de la aplicación de conceptos tales como entropía e información mutua, muestran que la categoría estructural es independiente del tipo de tubería, del tipo de material de la tubería y del tipo de superficie de la vía que pasa sobre la tubería, ya que presentan valores elevados de entropía conjunta, lo cual implica un alto grado de incertidumbre en sus relaciones. Conclusiones: las variables categóricas estudiadas son factores importantes para tener en cuenta en un modelo de deterioro de las tuberías de alcantarillado, además de facilitar la toma de decisiones para direccionar los planes de inspección del alcantarillado en la ciudad.
Relación entre las características periodontales y la sonrisa gingival en niños: un estudio de casos y controles
Authors: Bernal Lucía V. , Zapata Óscar , Barbosa-Liz Diana María , Estrada Flavio , Ángel Laura
Published: May 2016

Introducción: la presencia de sonrisa gingival (SG) es uno de los aspectos más negativamente valorados. Su presencia en la vida adulta es un motivo de consulta constante, pero en la niñez tiende a ser considerado como normal. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir y comparar las características del periodonto de un grupo de niños, con diferentes maloclusiones, con y sin sonrisa gingival y evaluar la influencia de las características gingivales sobre la presencia de sonrisa gingival. Métodos: en este estudio analítico de casos y controles, el tamaño muestral fue probabilístico. Se incluyeron 163 niños en dentición mixta silente que cumplieran los criterios de inclusión y exclusión: 37 fueron casos, con sonrisa gingival (SG) y 126 fueron controles, sin sonrisa gingival (NSG). Se les evaluaron variables oclusales, de sonrisa y periodontales por medio de un examen clínico y de un fotograma. Los evaluadores estaban previamente calibrados (Kappa 0,87 e ICC 0,96). Resultados: la edad promedio de los pacientes en ambos grupos fue de 8,8 años con una desviación estándar de 0,9 para los casos y de 0,8 para los controles. La maloclusión más predominante fue la clase I (63,8% de la muestra). Las características periodontales fueron similares en ambos grupos. El biotipo periodontal grueso tuvo una tendencia a comportarse como factor de riesgo para SG (OR 1,6) pero esta relación no fue estadísticamente significativa. (IC= 95% 0,6 - 4,1). Conclusiones: los factores periodontales no influyen sobre la presencia de sonrisa gingival en niños; su comportamiento en etapas posteriores deberá ser observado.
The Camera-Dancer: A Dyadic Approach to Improvisation
Authors: Nikolai Jennifer R A
Published: May 2016

How can the light-weight video camera in the hands of the improvising dancer, enhance compositional choices in moment-to-moment or retrospective decision-making in studio? I propose that the camera in the hands of the dancer moving and passing the camera between dancing subjects/objects is a form of improvisational investigation. I refer to this dyadic approach as camera-dancer, distinct from the tradition of the camera as archival instrument, in multimedia or interactive performance. The camera-dancer as instigator/provocateur opens perspectives towards composition otherwise not considered. In this paper I highlight approaches that moving image pioneers Maya Deren and Dziga Vertov held towards the camera and how this has informed studio improvisations myself and dance collaborators apply. Perhaps it is how we as dancing operators react to moments before, discoveries in the moment, a retrospective ‘camera consciousness,’ that enhances compositional openings as a form of camera dramaturgy.
A Dance Between Chaos and Complexity: Choreographing the Spasm in Music Videos
Authors: Blanco Borelli Melissa
Published: May 2016

This article analyzes the use of the spasm as a choreographic tool in the following music videos: The Talking Heads’ “Once in a Lifetime” (1981), Radiohead’s “Lotus Flower” (2011), and Atoms for Peace’s “Ingenue” (2013). I read the choreography in these videos as representations of the spasm (as defined by Franco ‘Bifo’ Berardi) which can ultimately become a chaoide (as defined by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari) when deployed in specific ways by specific bodies. My analysis of these videos suggests opportunities for thinking about how the corporeal labor of the spasm—especially its contingent sweat alongside (un)successful moments of corporeal fluidity—mark bodies as agents capable of negotiating how they might control their own embodied relationship to semiocapitalism and its privileging of speed and productivity.
Testing ground: evolving screendance practices and theories and the Leeds International Film Festival Screendance Competition
Authors: Norman Kyra
Published: May 2016

No abstract available.
Review: Moving Without A Body: Digital Philosophy and Choreographic Thoughts
Authors: Mikou Ariadne
Published: May 2016

No abstract available.
IJSD Volume 6 2016 Field Perceptions: Full Issue
Authors: Bench Harmony , Ellis Simon
Published: May 2016

The full issue of IJSD vol. 6 (2016).Please note: For the best offline reading experience, please print double-sided on 8.5x11 paper. Links to online sources are live in the PDF if read onscreen.
Three-Dimensional Printing and Medical Education: A Narrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Bartellas Michael Peppis
Published: May 2016

Objectives: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged in the past decade as a promising tool for the world of medicine. The focus of this article is to review how 3D printed models have been used in medical education.Methods: PubMed was the article database used, and the search criteria included the terms 3D printing and education. The exclusion criteria filtered out articles that were older than ten years, were not in English, and did not target a human population. There were 90 discovered articles, and 38 appropriate articles were determined after reviewing titles and abstracts.Results: Three main themes emerged from this review: general medical education, surgical education, and patient education. The more specific findings can be further divided into: using 3D printed models for teaching anatomy and simulation training; and preop­erative planning, intraoperative guidance, and postoperative evaluation.Conclusions: The general consensus was that 3D haptic modelling was a useful tool for educating trainees, staff physicians, and pa­tients. The models helped in increasing participants’ understanding of anatomy and pathologies, and improving trainee skill set and confidence. There is much support to continue research in this area and to further develop ways in which 3D printing can help improve medical education.  Objectifs : L’impression tridimensionnelle (3D) s’annonce comme un outil prometteur pour le monde de la médecine. Le présent ar­ticle révisera comment les méthodes d’impression 3D ont été utilisées dans l’éducation médicale.Méthodes : La base de données utilisée pour les articles fut PubMed et les critères de recherche ont inclus les termes impression 3D et éducation. Les critères d’exclusion ont omis des articles qui dataient de plus de dix ans, qui n’étaient pas en anglais, et qui n’avaient pas comme cible la population humaine. Il y a 90 articles qui furent trouvés en tout et 38 de ces articles ont été jugés adéquats pour la révision.Résultats : Trois grands thèmes ont été ressortis lors de cette révision : éducation médicale générale, éducation chirurgicale, et éduca­tion des patients. De façon plus précise, les thèmes spécifiques suivants furent dégagés : l’utilisation d’impression de modèles 3D pour l’enseignement de l’anatomie et la formation par simulation, la préparation préopératoire, le guide intraopératoire, et l’évaluation postopératoire.Conclusion : Les modèles haptiques 3D étaient reconnus comme un outil efficace pour éduquer les stagiaires, les médecins, et les patients. Ces modèles ont aidé à augmenter la compréhension de l’anatomie et de la pathologie des participants et ont augmenté la confiance et les habiletés des stagiaires. Ces preuves démontrent l’importance de continuer la recherche dans ce domaine afin de développer davantage de façons d’optimiser l’éducation médicale à l’aide de l’impression tridimensionnelle.
Evidence-Based Medicine: Acknowledging the Role for Physical Activity
Authors: Levac Brendan M , Cusano Ellen LR , McGinn Ryan
Published: May 2016

Modern technology and lifestyles have created an environment that predisposes our population to inactivity, resulting in fewer people meeting the Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines. There is a clear link between inactivity and the risk of developing chronic health conditions including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and cancer; however, exercise prescription and counselling by physicians is lacking. This may in part be attributed to inadequate training of physicians during medical school. In this commentary, we outline the demand for awareness and training of physicians to prepare them to prescribe physical activity, and propose steps to increase exercise prescrip­tion for improved population health. La technologie moderne ainsi que nos habitudes de vie actuelles nous prédisposent à l’inactivité ce qui mène moins de personnes à respecter les directives canadiennes en matière d’activité physique. Un lien direct existe entre l’inactivité et le risque de développer des problèmes de santé chroniques incluant l’hypertension, le diabète de type 2, et le cancer. Toutefois, l’exercice et le counseling pre­scrits par les médecins sont peu pratiqués par les patients qui pourraient en bénéficier. Dans cet article, nous soulignerons le besoin de formation des médecins afin de mieux les préparer à prescrire de l’activité physique à leur patients et leur proposer des étapes pour améliorer la santé physique de la population.
Towards a framework for the development, implementation and sustainability of eHealth interventions in Indigenous communities
Authors: Madjedi Kian , Daya Rukhsaar
Published: May 2016

eHealth technology, an umbrella term including telemedicine, telehealth, and mobile health interventions (among others), has re­cently begun expanding its reach into Indigenous communities. With this new “migration” comes the need for special consideration of the factors that contribute to “successful” adoption, integration, and sustainability of such eHealth technologies in Indigenous communities. While existing frameworks are typically helpful orientations to guide eHealth implementation, they commonly lack ele­ments that give specific consideration to the important nuances and special considerations when piloting eHealth initiatives in these unique and diverse community and cultural contexts. There is thus a need to expand, adapt, or design new eHealth adoption and implementation frameworks that help guide the piloting and use of health technologies in respectful, ethical, and community-centered ways in Indigenous communities. This paper suggests subjective considerations for the preliminary development of a generic eHealth technology adoption and implementation framework in Indigenous communities. Considerations are divided into three main sections: Development and Adoption; Implementation; and Sustainability, with relevant discussion of the centrality of community engagement, inclusivity, and respect. La cybersanté est une expression utilisée en médecine pour regrouper différentes technologies telles que la télémédecine, la télés­anté, et les interventions de santé mobile. Avec une mise en oeuvre graduelle de la cybersanté dans les communautés autochtones, il y a des considérations spéciales et des facteurs spécifiques à prendre en compte pour assurer une intégration efficace et durable de ces technologies. Certaines infrastructures existent déjà pour faciliter l’utilisation de la cybersanté. Toutefois, il est important que l’utilisation de ces technologies soit éthique, respectueuse des différences culturelles autochtones, et en fonction des besoins des communautés autochtones. Cet article suggère des éléments à considérer dans le développement préliminaire d’une approche médi­cale axée sur la cybersanté et dans la mise en oeuvre d’infrastructure dans les communautés autochtones. Les considérations sont divisées en trois sections : le développement et l’adoption; la mise en oeuvre; et la durabilité, avec une discussion sur l’engagement communautaire, l’inclusion, et le respect mutuel.
Doctor Jérôme Lejeune’s Gaze at the University of Ottawa
Authors: Ferretti Emanuela
Published: May 2016

From January 29th to February 1st, 2015, a group of University of Ottawa undergraduate students and I hosted an exhibit about the life and research of French physician Dr. Jérôme Lejeune, who in 1959 discovered Trisomy 21, the genetic origin of Down syndrome (DS). Considered the father of modern genetics, Dr. Lejeune believed medicine should serve the patient and not the disease. The exhibit focused on Lejeune’s profound humanity and compassion that accompanied his commitment to scientific truth. It also showed how this great scientist maintained an unshakeable adherence to his faith and conscience despite challenges and adversity. Du 29 janvier au 1er février 2015, un groupe d’étudiants au premier cycle universitaire ont organisé une exposition portant sur la vie et les travaux de recherche du médecin français Dr Jérôme Lejeune, qui en 1959 a découvert la trisomie 21, l’origine génétique du syndrome de Down. Dr Lejeune est considéré comme le père de la génétique moderne. Il croyait que la médecine devait se concentrer sur le patient et non seulement sur sa maladie. L’exposition a mis en valeur l’humanité et la compassion du Dr Lejeune en illustrant comment ce grand scientifique a su maintenir sa foi et ses croyances malgré les défis à relever.
FORMULASI HUKUM DAN PENTINGNYA JAMINAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM PRODUK PANGAN HALAL DALAM HUKUM NASIONAL
Authors: Sofyan KN
Published: May 2016

Abstract: The Food Act No.18 of 2012 is in the government's
development efforts of food to meet the basic needs of the
Indonesian people in a fair and equitable based on
independence and not contrary to the religion, beliefs and,
cultur of society. Related to food safety hazards including
dangerous category of "unlawful and or dubious" its effect does
not seem as effects of chemical contamination, physical and
microbiological direct implications for health problems. The
importance of the legal aspects of drug and food labeling,
related with the ever-increasing consumer demands, especially
regarding the halal aspect. This issue has been legally
regulated by government, both in the food laws, consumer
protection laws and regulations governing government is more
technical. With the certification of halal food products became
public consumption, is one of the government's efforts to protect
consumers against 88% Muslim community.

ملخص: قانون الأغذیة 18 لسنة 2012 في جھود التنمیة في الحكومة من المواد
الغذائیة ل تلبیة الاحتیاجات الأساسیة للشعب الإندونیسي في الثقافیھ عادلة ومنصفة
على أساس الاستقلال و الذي لا یتعارض مع الدین، والمعتقدات، و المجتمع . تتعلق
مخاطر سلامة الأغذیة بما في ذلك فئة خطیرة من "غیر قانوني و أو مشكوك فیھا" لا
یبدو أثره كما آثار التلوث الكیمیائي، والآثار المباشرة الفیزیائیة و المیكروبیولوجیة
للمشاكل الصحیة. أھمیة الجوانب القانونیة لوضع العلامات المخدرات والمواد الغذائیة،
ذات الصلة مع طلبات المستھلكین المتزایدة، وخاصة فیما یتعلق بالجانب الحلال. وقد
تم تنظیم ھذه المسألة من الناحیة القانونیة من قبل الحكومة، سواء في قوانین الطعام
والقوانین واللوائح التي تنظم حمایة المستھلك الحكومة ھو أكثر تقنیة. مع إصدار
الشھادات للمنتجات الأغذیة الحلال أصبحت الاستھلاك العام، ھي واحدة من الجھود
التي تبذلھا الحكومة لحمایة المستھلكین ضد المجتمع المسلم.

Kata Kunci : halal, hukum produk pangan
Contribuição da análise multivariada para os indicadores de avaliação dos programas de pós graduação: uma análise na área de Matemática (2007-2009)
Authors: Gutierres Castanha Renata Cristina , Cabrini Grácio Maria Cláudia
Published: May 2016

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a relação entre os indicadores quantitativos, utilizados na CAPES, e o conceito final de cada programa de pósgraduação, por meio da aplicação de procedimentos estatísticos multivariados, a fim de contribuir para a compreensão do sistema de avaliação da pós-graduação brasileira. Para o conjunto dos 26 programas de pós-graduação da área de Matemática, no triênio 2007-2009, foram avaliados, por meio de métodos multivariados, os seguintes indicadores: total de teses e dissertações defendidas e média de artigos por docente permanente, segundo a estratificação Qualis. Observou-se, em todas as Análises de clusters realizadas, que os programas com conceito CAPES 3 aglutinaram-se sempre em um único grupo, ao passo que os demais foram se separando à medida em que foram inseridos mais indicadores na análise. Ainda, quanto mais indicadores foram incluídos na análise, mais refinado e próximo do conceito atribuído pela CAPES foi o resultado.
Divulgação científica: uso social do produto dos estudos científicos na Fundação Joaquim Nabuco
Authors: Carvalho Padilha Suiany , Presser Nadi Helena , Zarias Alexandre
Published: May 2016

Este estudo identificou a trajetória percorrida pela informação científica produzida na Diretoria de Pesquisas Sociais (Dipes) da Fundação Joaquim Nabuco (Fundaj), no período de 2004 a 2013, observando os meios utilizados, as formas de apresentação e os atores envolvidos. O diagnóstico utilizou como parâmetro o ambiente de cultura científica apresentado pela espiral criada por Vogt (2003), configurando o cenário da Fundaj a partir da análise de documentos institucionais e de informações obtidas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com pesquisadores e gestores da Instituição. Embora a Fundaj apresente potencial institucional de cultura científica, este estudo apontou que parte das atividades é realizada por iniciativas individuais. Essa constatação é um aspecto importante deste estudo, pois a expressão “cultura científica”, adotada por Vogt (2003), pressupõe uma concepção de construção de conhecimento científico, desde seu nascimento até sua ampla divulgação, visando ao seu uso social.
As apropriações do Facebook pelas bibliotecas públicas estaduais brasileiras
Authors: Calil Junior Alberto , Almendra Gabriela
Published: May 2016

Este artigo apresenta um estudo realizado sobre as apropriações do Facebook por quatro Bibliotecas Públicas Estaduais Brasileiras: Biblioteca Pública do Estado do Acre, Biblioteca Pública do Paraná, Biblioteca Pública do Estado de Pernambuco e Biblioteca de São Paulo. O estudo aborda, com base em revisão de literatura, os conceitos de Biblioteca Pública, mediação sociotécnica e mídia social, e questiona o papel da Biblioteca Pública na sociedade contemporânea. A pesquisa ainda afirma que as bibliotecas, através da mediação, devem reconhecer a importância de seu espaço como local de diálogo. Para tanto, foram analisadas as mensagens postadas nas fan pages das Bibliotecas escolhidas durante o período de janeiro a junho de 2013. Conclui-se que a mídia social aqui estudada ainda não é utilizada em todo seu potencial.
Bibliotecas públicas e letramento informacional
Authors: Alves Mirian Ferreira , Suaiden Emir José
Published: May 2016

A Sociedade da Informação apresenta novos desafios e oportunidades para as bibliotecas públicas, que são apontadas por diversos autores como instituições essenciais para a formação de cidadãos plenos, aptos à sobrevivência na Sociedade da Informação. Neste sentido, destaca-se o letramento informacional, essencial para a formação de aprendizes autônomos, capazes de acessar a informação e utilizá-la de modo crítico e ético. Este artigo discute o papel e a atuação das bibliotecas públicas na promoção do letramento informacional, para tal utilizando-se do método da pesquisa bibliográfica, que envolveu a identificação e análise das principais pesquisas e discussões presentes na literatura internacional. Este artigo apresenta ainda abordagens alternativas de letramento informacional como uma alternativa para sua compreensão e desenvolvimento no âmbito das bibliotecas públicas. O resultado da análise permitiu identificar as principais questões que permeiam o tema investigado.
Reflexões sobre Arquitetura da Informação para dispositivos móveis
Authors: Guimarães Ítalo José Bastos , Sousa Marckson Roberto Ferreira de
Published: May 2016

O artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a aplicação dos princípios da Arquitetura da Informação (AI) aos dispositivos móveis através de seu conceito e evolução tecnológica, da adequação segundo as recomendações feitas por Morville e Rosenfeld (2006) e Firtman (2013), e da ampliação da interação entre o homem e dispositivos. A metodologia adotada constituiu em um estudo exploratório através de levantamento bibliográfico que levou-nos a conclusão de que apesar das características particulares de cada dispositivo, é possível aplicar os sistemas de organização, rotulagem, navegação e busca, seja ele um smartphone, tablet ou e-reader (leitor de livros digitais). Cabe a nós, profissionais da informação, adaptarmo-nos a esta nova realidade e o desenvolvimento de aplicativos com base na arquitetura da informação com a finalidade de promover uma experiência satisfatória e agradável aos usuários, especialmente nas unidades informacionais.
Dimensões do relacionamento entre a universidade e seus egressos por meio da informação: o caso da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Authors: Queiroz Tatiana Pereira , Paula Cláudio Paixão Anastácio de
Published: May 2016

O propósito deste artigo é apresentar os resultados de um estudo feito para identificar os mecanismos do relacionamento entre uma instituição de Educação Superior e seus egressos. Dessa forma, investigou-se como os sistemas de informação podem ser aperfeiçoados com o objetivo de facilitar a gestão dos dados dos egressos de instituições de ensino com a finalidade de aprimorar a conexão entre eles. O ambiente analisado foi o programa de egressos da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, o “Sempre UFMG”, e o método de coleta de dados empregado foi o survey eletrônico, cuja amostra apresentou 1.445 respondentes. O estudo baseou-se nos construtos teóricos sobre identificação social e organizacional, papel, vínculo e necessidade de informação. Os resultados apontam para a indispensabilidade da promoção da relação com o futuro egresso desde o seu ingresso na instituição, mantendo-a ativa ao logo de todo o seu trajeto e continuando após a formação.
A organização da informação nos sites das TVs universitárias públicas brasileiras
Authors: Mardegan José Carlos , Nogueira Cervantes Brígida Maria
Published: May 2016

O estudo analisa a organização da informação em sites de televisões universitárias públicas brasileiras e investiga a quantidade de TVs presentes no segmento das Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas e, dentre elas, quais utilizam a internet para a difusão do conteúdo produzido. A pesquisa é documental, exploratória e descritiva com abordagem quantiqualitativa. O resultado apresenta um total de 102 IES, 42,2% delas produzem televisão e, destas, mais da metade utilizam a internet como meio de difusão. Conclui que os sites das TVs não apresentam os requisitos mínimos necessários de organização que possibilite uma armazenagem e recuperação da informação de modo eficiente.
Surgical Reduction and Fixation of Tibial Spine Fractures in Children: Arthroscopic Suture Fixation
Authors: Bomar James D. , Edmonds Eric W.
Published: May 2016

The pediatric tibial spine fracture can be considered the equivalent of the pediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, especially considering that failure to manage these injuries appropriately could result in substantial knee pathology and long-term functional failure. Arthroscopy-assisted internal fixation of the tibial spine fracture minimizes the patient’s hospital stay compared with that associated with an open arthrotomy approach, but the postoperative rehabilitation may be paramount to a successful outcome. Compared with conservative management, surgical reduction and fixation of these fractures decreases the risks of comorbidities related to meniscal tissue entrapment, the risk of anterior impingement, and the need for revision treatment. Repair should be considered for fractures displaced >5 mm at their maximum, given the risk of revision when these cases are treated without surgery. After reduction and tentative fixation, the fracture can be managed with either suture or screw fixation. For suture fixation, the surgical steps include (1) creation of peripatellar arthroscopy portals; (2) evacuation of the hematoma and clearing of the fracture bed of meniscus and callus; (3) reduction, with particular attention paid to articular surface extension if present, and tentative fixation with an ACL tibial guide and placement of threaded Kirschner wire; (4) drilling of bone tunnels for suture passage using the tibial guide juxtaposed to the ACL insertion (both medially and laterally, in turn); (5) passing a suture of choice (nonabsorbable type requiring intraoperative fluoroscopy to evaluate tunnel placement during the previous step); (6) passage of suture both posterior and anterior to the ACL fibers; (7) removal of the tentative threaded Kirschner wire; (8) tying of the posterior suture over a bone bridge; (9) tying of the anterior suture over the same bone bridge; and (10) standard arthroscopy portal closure and placement of dressings including immobilization of the knee. For screw fixation, the surgical steps are slightly different, with Step 3 followed by (4) placement of the guidewire (if a cannulated screw is being used), (5) intraoperative assessment of the fracture reduction and drilling of the screw track perpendicular to the vector of the ACL pull and tentative threaded Kirschner wire fixation, (6) measurement and placement of the final screw implant, (7) removal of the tentative Kirschner wire fixation prior to final setting of the screw, and (8) standard arthroscopy portal closure and placement of dressings including immobilization of the knee. Radiographic and functional outcomes are excellent with either fixation technique in this pediatric population.
Relationship Between Lung Cancer and Mycobacterium Avium Complex Isolated Using Bronchoscopy
Authors: Tamura Atsuhisa , Hebisawa Akira , Kusaka Kei , Hirose Takashi , Suzuki Junko , Yamane Akira , Nagai Hideaki , Fukami Takeshi , Ohta Ken , Takahashi Fumiaki
Published: May 2016

Introduction:

The incidence of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)-positive respiratory specimen cultures and MAC lung disease (MACLD) is increasing worldwide. This retrospective study aimed to assess the association between MAC culture-positive bronchoscopy specimens and lung cancer.

Materials and Methods:

The medical records of 1382 untreated lung cancer patients between 2003 and 2011 were collected using our hospital database. Of them, records for 1258 that had undergone bronchoscopy together with sampling for mycobacterial culture were reviewed. Patient characteristics were compared between those with MAC-positive/other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM)-negative bronchial washings and those with MAC-negative/other NTM-negative bronchial washings. Patients with MAC-positive lung cancer were cross-sectionally divided into MACLD and non-MACLD groups, and their features were assessed. Follow-up data for patients with lung cancer but without MACLD were reviewed for subsequent development of MACLD.

Results:

Of the 1258 patients with lung cancer, 25 (2.0%) had MAC-positive/other NTM-negative bronchial washings. The proportion of women (52% vs 30%; P = 0.0274) and patient age (72 years vs 69 years; P = 0.0380) were significantly higher in the MAC-positive/other NTM-negative lung cancer group (n = 25) than in the MAC-negative/other NTM-negative lung cancer group (n = 1223). There were 10 patients with lung cancer and MACLD and 15 without MACLD; significant differences in patient characteristics were not found between the two groups, and none of the 15 patients without MACLD subsequently developed MACLD.

Conclusion:

MAC culture-positive bronchial washing is positively associated with lung cancer. Female sex and advanced age, but not lung cancer characteristics, were found to be associated with MAC infection in patients with lung cancer.
The concept of soft power in Russian foreign policy in the twenty-first century
Authors: Tadic Dejan
Published: May 2016

The paper analyses the application of the concept of soft power in
contemporary international relations in the case of the implementation of the
foreign policy of the Russian Federation at the beginning of the twenty-first
century. The author departs with the assumption that the government in Moscow
uses a wide range of the soft power instruments and prove it on the case
study of the combined use of hard and soft power instruments during the
engagement in Syria. The analysis also includes the recent Russian foreign
policy actions towards Serbia, and stresses out that the Russian Federation
does not recognise sufficiently clear the benefits that our country provides
in terms of promoting Russian national interests through the sophisticated
application of the concept of soft power. The author concludes that the
Russian Federation has not been using the full potential of their own sources
of soft power in the foreign policy implementation process, and that the use
of soft power is not sophisticated and optimal-except in the media.
Characterization of control rod worths and fuel rod power peaking factors in the university of Utah TRIGA Mark I reactor
Authors: Alroumi Fawaz , Kim Donghoon , Schow Ryan , Jevremovic Tatjana
Published: May 2016

Control rod reactivity (worths) for the three control rods and fuel rod power
peaking factors in the University of Utah research reactor (100 kW TRIGA Mark
I) are characterized using the AGENT code system and the results described in
this paper. These values are compared to the MCNP6 and existing experimental
measurements. In addition, the eigenvalue, neutron spatial flux distributions
and reaction rates are analyzed and discussed. The AGENT code system is
widely benchmarked for various reactor types and complexities in their
geometric arrangements of the assemblies and reactor core material
distributions. Thus, it is used as a base methodology to evaluate neutronics
variables of the research reactor at the University of Utah. With its much
shorter computation time than MCNP6, AGENT provides agreement with the MCNP6
within a 0.5 % difference for the eigenvalue and a maximum difference of 10%
in the power peaking factor values. Differential and integral control rod
worths obtained by AGENT show well agreement with MCNP6 and the theoretical
model. However, regulating the control rod worth is somewhat overestimated by
both MCNP6 and AGENT models when compared to the experimental/theoretical
values. In comparison to MCNP6, the total control rod worths and shutdown
margin obtained with AGENT show better agreement to the experimental values.
Comparison of passive and active radon measurement methods for personal occupational dose assessment
Authors: Hasanzadeh Elham , Mianji Fereidoun , Sadighzadeh Asghar , Mizani Farhang
Published: May 2016

To compare the performance of the active short-term and passive long-term
radon measurement methods, a study was carried out in several closed spaces,
including a uranium mine in Iran. For the passive method, solid-state nuclear
track detectors based on Lexan polycarbonate were utilized, for the active
method, AlphaGUARD. The study focused on the correlation between the results
obtained for estimating the average indoor radon concentrations and
consequent personal occupational doses in various working places. The
repeatability of each method was investigated, too. In addition, it was shown
that the radon concentrations in different stations of the continually
ventilated uranium mine were comparable to the ground floor laboratories or
storage rooms (without continual ventilation) and lower than underground
laboratories.
Production and process management: An optimal control approach
Authors: Biswas Haider , Ali Ahad
Published: May 2016

Optimal control and efficient management of industrial products are the key
for sustainable development in industrial and process engineering. It is
well-known that proper maintenance of process performance, ensuring the
quality products after a long time operation of the system, is desirable in
any industry. Nonlinear dynamical systems may play crucial role to
appropriately design the model and obtain optimal control strategy in
production and process management. This paper deals with a mathematical model
in terms of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that describe control of
production and process arising in industrial engineering. The optimal control
technique in the form of maximum principle, used to control the quality
products in the operation processes, is applied to analyze the model. It is
shown that the introduction of state constraint can be advantageous for
obtaining good products during the longer operation process. We investigate
the model numerically, using some known nonlinear optimal control solvers,
and we present the simulation results to illustrate the significance of
introducing state constraint onto the dynamics of the model.
Efficacy of different methods to reduce pain during debonding of orthodontic brackets
Authors: Bavbek Nehir Canigur , Tuncer Burcu Balos , Tortop Tuba , Celik Bülent
Published: May 2016

Objective: To determine pain during debonding and the effects of different pain control methods, gender, and personal traits on the pain experience.

Materials and Methods: Patients who had fixed orthodontic treatment with metal brackets, but no surgical treatment or craniofacial deformity, were included. Sixty-three patients (32 female, aged 17.2 ± 2.9 years; 31 male aged, 17.2 ± 2.5 years) were allocated to three groups (n = 21) according to the pain control method: finger pressure, elastomeric wafer, or stress relief. Pain experience for each tooth was scored on a visual analogue scale (VAS), and general responses of participants to pain were evaluated by Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Multiple linear regression analysis, the Mann Whitney U-test, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis were used to analyze the data.

Results: When the VAS scores were adjusted, finger pressure caused a 47% reduction overall, 56% in lower elastomer wafer total, 59% in lower right arch, 62% in lower left, and 62% in lower anterior compared with the elastomeric wafer. In the elastomer wafer group, upper and lower anterior scores were higher than posterior scores, respectively. Females had higher VAS (lower left and anterior) and total PCS scores than males. Regardless of the pain control method, total PCS scores were correlated with total (r = .254), upper total (r = .290), right (r = .258), left (r = .244), and posterior (r = .278) VAS scores.

Conclusions: The stress relief method showed no difference when compared with the other groups. Finger pressure was more effective than the elastomeric wafer in the lower jaw. Higher pain levels were recorded for the anterior regions with the elastomeric wafer. Females and pain catastrophizers gave higher VAS scores.
Use of a percutaneous transabdominal catheter for management of obstructive urolithiasis in goats, sheep, and potbellied pigs: 69 cases (2000–2014)
Authors: Chigerwe Munashe , Heller Meera C. , Balcomb Christie C. , Angelos John A.
Published: May 2016

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of a percutaneous transabdominal catheter (PTC) for urinary bladder drainage in goats, sheep, and potbellied pigs with obstructive urolithiasis.

DESIGN Retrospective case series.

ANIMALS 43 goats, 10 sheep, and 16 potbellied pigs (all males) with obstructive urolithiasis evaluated at the University of California-Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital.

PROCEDURES Medical records of goats, sheep, and potbellied pigs examined because of obstructive urolithiasis from January 2000 through December 2014 were reviewed. Records of animals for which a standard PTC had been placed into the urinary bladder as part of disease management were selected. Data were collected regarding signalment, complications associated with PTC placement, and duration of PTC placement prior to removal.

RESULTS 42 of 43 goats, 5 of 10 sheep, and all potbellied pigs were castrated. Median (range) duration of PTC placement was 2 (1 to 4) days for goats, 1 (1 to 4) day for sheep, and 1 (1 to 3) day for potbellied pigs. Complications associated with PTC placement included blockage of the catheter by urine sediment, perforation of the cecum, and migration of the catheter out of the urinary bladder.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Placement of a PTC into the urinary bladder allowed for effective stabilization of goats, sheep, and potbellied pigs with obstructive urolithiasis while acid-base and electrolyte imbalances were corrected. Use of a PTC should be considered for urinary bladder drainage during medical management or prior to surgical management of obstructive urolithiasis for these species.
Prevalence of Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Workers With Upper Extremity Complaints
Authors: Degen Ryan M. , MacDermid Joy C. , Grewal Ruby , Drosdowech Darren S. , Faber Kenneth J. , Athwal George S.
Published: May 2016

Study Design

Cross-sectional cohort study.

Background

Symptoms of depression, panic disorder (PD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been associated with musculoskeletal complaints and could represent barriers to recovery in injured workers.

Objectives

To determine the prevalence of symptoms of depression, PD, and PTSD utilizing the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) in a cohort of patients presenting to an upper extremity injured-worker clinic; secondarily, to identify any relationships between patients screening positive and patient-reported outcome measures.

Methods

In 2010, 418 patients completed the PHQ during their initial evaluation. Patients with PHQ scores exceeding threshold values for symptoms of depression, PD, or PTSD were compared based on patient-reported outcome scores, including the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH) and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). The prevalence of symptoms, and their relationship with presenting complaints and patient-reported outcomes, were calculated.

Results

Thirty-one percent of patients scored above thresholds for symptoms of at least 1 mental health disorder. Of those who screened positive, 67% screened positive for depression, 44% for PTSD, and 50% for PD, with 43% of patients positive for multiple symptoms. Patients experiencing neck pain had significantly higher screening rates of depressive symptoms (62.5% versus 20.1%, P = .004) and PD (37.5% versus 12.9%, P = .044) compared with other presenting complaints. Similarly, patients with chronic pain had higher rates of depression (54.5% versus 20.1%, P = .006), PD (63.6% versus 12%, P<.001), and PTSD (36.4% versus 14.8%, P = .05) compared with other presenting complaints. Patients endorsing depressive symptoms had significantly lower SF-36 mental component summary scores (26.3 ± 10.7 versus 37.6 ± 9.9, P<.001) and higher shortened-version DASH (72.3 ± 16.7 versus 61.5 ± 11.1, P = .003) and DASH work scores (86.5 ± 19.2 versus 82.1 ± 20.1, P = .007) compared to patients endorsing other items on the PHQ.

Conclusion

In this prospective cohort study of injured workers, we identified a relatively high prevalence of symptoms of psychological disorders utilizing the PHQ, with one third of injured workers screening positive for symptoms of depression, PD, or PTSD. Further longitudinal follow-up is necessary to determine the impact on treatment outcomes.

Level of Evidence

Symptom prevalence, level 1b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(7):590–595. Epub 12 May 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6265
Strength Measurements in Acute Hamstring Injuries: Intertester Reliability and Prognostic Value of Handheld Dynamometry
Authors: Reurink Gustaaf , Goudswaard Gert Jan , Moen Maarten H. , Tol Johannes L. , Verhaar Jan A.N. , Weir Adam
Published: May 2016

Study Design

Cohort study, repeated measures.

Background

Although hamstring strength measurements are used for assessing prognosis and monitoring recovery after hamstring injury, their actual clinical relevance has not been established. Handheld dynamometry (HHD) is a commonly used method of measuring muscle strength. The reliability of HHD has not been determined in athletes with acute hamstring injuries.

Objectives

To determine the intertester reliability and the prognostic value of hamstring HHD strength measurement in acute hamstring injuries.

Methods

We measured knee flexion strength with HHD in 75 athletes at 2 visits, at baseline (within 5 days of hamstring injury) and follow-up (5 to 7 days after the baseline measurement). We assessed isometric hamstring strength in 15° and 90° of knee flexion. Reliability analysis testing was performed by 2 testers independently at the follow-up visit. We recorded the time needed to return to play (RTP) up to 6 months following baseline.

Results

The intraclass correlation coefficients of the strength measurements in injured hamstrings were between 0.75 and 0.83. There was a statistically significant but weak correlation between the time to RTP and the strength deficit at 15° of knee flexion measured at baseline (Spearman r = 0.25, P = .045) and at the follow-up visit (Spearman r = 0.26, P = .034). Up to 7% of the variance in time to RTP is explained by this strength deficit. None of the other strength variables were significantly correlated with time to RTP.

Conclusion

Hamstring strength can be reliably measured with HHD in athletes with acute hamstring injuries. The prognostic value of strength measurements is limited, as there is only a weak association between the time to RTP and hamstring strength deficit after acute injury.

Level of Evidence

Prognosis, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(8):689–696. Epub 12 May 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6363
A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the McKenzie Method to Motor Control Exercises in People With Chronic Low Back Pain and a Directional Preference
Authors: Halliday Mark H. , Pappas Evangelos , Hancock Mark J. , Clare Helen A. , Pinto Rafael Z. , Robertson Gavin , Ferreira Paulo H.
Published: May 2016

Study Design

Randomized clinical trial.

Background

Motor control exercises are believed to improve coordination of the trunk muscles. It is unclear whether increases in trunk muscle thickness can be facilitated by approaches such as the McKenzie method. Furthermore, it is unclear which approach may have superior clinical outcomes.

Objectives

The primary aim was to compare the effects of the McKenzie method and motor control exercises on trunk muscle recruitment in people with chronic low back pain classified with a directional preference. The secondary aim was to conduct a between-group comparison of outcomes for pain, function, and global perceived effect.

Methods

Seventy people with chronic low back pain who demonstrated a directional preference using the McKenzie assessment were randomized to receive 12 treatments over 8 weeks with the McKenzie method or with motor control approaches. All outcomes were collected at baseline and at 8-week follow-up by blinded assessors.

Results

No significant between-group difference was found for trunk muscle thickness of the transversus abdominis (−5.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −15.2%, 3.7%), obliquus internus (−0.7%; 95% CI: −6.6%, 5.2%), and obliquus externus (1.2%; 95% CI: −4.3%, 6.8%). Perceived recovery was slightly superior in the McKenzie group (−0.8; 95% CI: −1.5, −0.1) on a −5 to +5 scale. No significant between-group differences were found for pain or function (P = .99 and P = .26, respectively).

Conclusion

We found no significant effect of treatment group for trunk muscle thickness. Participants reported a slightly greater sense of perceived recovery with the McKenzie method than with the motor control approach.

Level of Evidence

Therapy, level 1b-. Registered September 7, 2011 at www.anzctr.org.au (ACTRN12611000971932). J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(7):514–522. Epub 12 May 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6379