bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electric polarization properties of BaTiO3-BiFeO3 as nanomultiferroic material produced by sol-gel method
Authors: Suastiyanti Dwita , Manawan Maykel T.E. , Wijaya Marlin
Published: September 2018

The nanomultiferroic material which is synthesized in this research used sol-gel method. The research used weight ratio of BaTiO3: BiFeO3 of 2: 1. Gel formed after heating at 80-90°C was calcined at 350°C for 4 hours and then sintered at 700,750 and 800°C for 2, 4 and 6 hours respectively. Powder produced after sintering was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test using XRD Phillips PW 1835 type, 20°-100° diffraction angle and CuKα, electric polarization properties test and particle size measurement using Particle Size Analyzer of Beckman Coulter DelsaTM Nano instrument. From the characterization results, it is obtained that the dominant phase is Barium Bismuth Iron (III) Oxide (BaBiFe2O5). Electrical polarization properties such as remanent, coersivity and saturation reach maximum value at sinter temperature of 750° C and sinter time of 6 hours. This result is supported by the smallest particle size of powder (54-57 nm) and also supported by the largest number of dominant phase (98.79%) at same condition.
Damage evaluation based on ultrasonic testing of compos-ite aircraft elements and image analysis methods
Authors: Wronkowicz Angelika , Dragan Krzysztof
Published: September 2018

Composite aircraft elements are inspected with the use of non-destructive testing methods to detect the damage appearance and monitor its progression. Ultrasonic testing is one of the most commonly applied methods owing to its capabilities of detecting various types of internal flaws and dam-age as well as evaluating their location and geometrical properties. There are several di culties in analysing the ultrasonic data, which cover the high time-consumption of such analyses resulting from large sizes of the scans and a man-ual handling of them. Thus, due to the possible occurrence of human errors, there is a necessity of increasing the e ciency of these inspections by aiding the analysis of the ultrasonic data. The paper presents proposed methods of the application of image analysis methods for supporting the procedures of the ul-trasonic evaluation of the aircraft structures. These cover facilitating the steps of damage detection, quantification as well as a three dimensional reconstruc-tion and visualisation. The proposed approaches are computationally e cient and may facilitate the data interpretation and damage evaluation procedures.
Simulation of knee implants made of Ti6Al4V material during walking
Authors: Kustono Djoko , Wulandari Retno , Andoko  , Puspitasari Poppy , Kurniawan Galih Adhi , Putra Agus Dwi
Published: September 2018

Bone is the connective tissue in the human body which consists of cells, fibers, and extracellular matrix. The bone matrix is the hardest part located in the outer layer of the bone, which is caused by the deposition of minerals in the matrix, so that the bone undergoes classification. The bone functions as a hard, rigid body frame, and provides a place or space for attachment of muscles and organs found in the human body. The simulation results using FEM showed that knee implants made with Ti6Al4V material had a total deformation of 0.15 mm, maximum principal stress of 17.012 MPa, and a maximum shear stress of 15.841 MPa. The analysis was performed using a variation of time 0 to 1.01 seconds.
Morphological and molecular characterization ofOnchocerca fasciata(Nematoda, Onchocercidae) from dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Iran
Authors: Mirzaei Mohammad , Ghahvei Younes , Lefoulon Emilie , Lia Riccardo Paolo , Otranto Domenico , Martin Coralie , Sazmand Alireza
Published: September 2018

Skin nodules ofOnchocerca fasciataRailliet and Henry, 1910 (Spirurida, Onchocercidae) are a common finding in dromedary camels, though with a minimal clinical impact. There is little information about the morphology, molecular make-up and pathological impact of this parasite.Onchocerca fasciatanodules (1.3–2.1 cm in diameter and 509–841 mg in weight) were detected on the neck region in 31.5% of dromedary camels examined in Kerman province, southeastern Iran. Of 38 isolated nodules, only 23 (60.5%) contained viable worms. Measurement and morphological analyses were performed on isolated female worms by light microscopy. The identification ofO. fasciataspecimens was confirmed by sequence analysis of two mitochondrial genes (12S rDNA andcox1), which showed 0.4% divergence from availableO. fasciatasequences. In addition, a phylogeny of filarial nematodes was constructed, based on these two mitochondrial genes and five nuclear genes (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA,MyoHC,rbp1,hsp70); this indicated thatO. fasciatabelongs to clade ONC3 of Onchocercidae, with representatives of the generaOnchocercaandDirofilaria. Within the genusOnchocerca,O.fasciatais grouped with bovine parasitic species and the human parasiticOnchocerca volvulus, which suggests an impact of domestication on the radiation of the genus. Data provided here on the distribution and morphology ofO. fasciatacontribute to the molecular identification and phylogenetic position of the species.
Wie ist das, wenn man Stimmen hört?
Authors: Pätz Stefan , Klostermann Alena-Lynn
Published: September 2018

Wie fühlen sich Menschen, die akustische Halluzinationen wahrnehmen? Annähernd nachempfinden lässt sich diese Erfahrung mithilfe binauraler Tonaufnahmen. Unsere
Autoren zeigen, wie dieses Hilfsmittel in der Ausbildung professioneller Helfer eingesetzt wird und zur Entstigmatisierung psychotischer Erkrankungen beitragen
kann.
Mit Nadeln gegen die Sucht
Authors: Perl Linda
Published: September 2018

Welche Auswirkung hat die Ohrakupunktur nach dem NADA-Protokoll auf die Behandlung von Suchtkrankheiten? Um diese Frage beantworten zu können, hat unsere Autorin
Experten interviewt – und Empfehlungen für die Praxis erhalten, um die Balance bei Suchtkranken wiederherzustellen.
Altered TEG Parameters Identify Hypercoagulablilty and are of Diagnosis Value for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Lu Songsong , Kang Rui , Wang Yongchao , Zhu Mengjie , Zhao Lei , Xu Qinzhu , Song Ying , Liu Chen
Published: September 2018

Objective The goal of this study was to clarify the changes and clinical significance of thromboelastography (TEG) parameters in papillary thyroid carcinomas and nodular goiters.

Methods 62 nodular goiter (NG) patients and 53 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients were included. Coagulation indicators, together with a series of TEG parameters were collected and analyzed, compared with results of 61 healthy controls (HC). Correlation analysis was conducted between routine coagulation indicators and TEG parameters. ROC curves were used to evaluate the potential diagnosis value of the TEG parameters that were altered in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients.

Results APTT and PT in papillary thyroid carcinoma group were statistically significant higher than that in control group (p<0.05). MPV was found to be higher in PTC than NG and healthy controls.

R, K and SP levels were significantly lower in PTC group than that in HC group; Angle, CI and TPI levels were significantly higher in PTC group than that in HC group. Areas under the ROC curve of CI, TPI, and angle were 0.725, 0.714, and 0.687 for distinguishing PTC from HC, 0.662, 0.668 and 0.591 for distinguishing PTC from NG.

Conclusion TEG parameters are altered and indicate hypercoagulablilty status of papillary thyroid carcinoma patients; CI, TPI, and angle could be potential diagnosis indicators for detecting papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Anti-ADAMTS13 Autoantibodies against Cryptic Epitopes in Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Roose Elien , Vidarsson Gestur , Kangro Kadri , Verhagen Onno , Mancini Ilaria , Desender Linda , Pareyn Inge , Vandeputte Nele , Vandenbulcke Aline , Vendramin Chiara , Schelpe An-Sofie , Voorberg Jan , Azerad Marie-Agnès , Gilardin Laurent , Scully Marie , Dierickx Daan , Deckmyn Hans , De Meyer Simon , Peyvandi Flora , Vanhoorelbeke Karen
Published: September 2018

Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is characterized by severe ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 repeats, member 13) deficiency, the presence of anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies and an open ADAMTS13 conformation with a cryptic epitope in the spacer domain exposed. A detailed knowledge of anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies will help identifying pathogenic antibodies and elucidating the cause of ADAMTS13 deficiency. We aimed at cloning anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies from iTTP patients to study their epitopes and inhibitory characteristics. We sorted anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibody expressing B cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 13 iTTP patients to isolate anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibody sequences. Ninety-six B cell clones producing anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies were identified from which 30 immunoglobulin M (IgM) and 5 IgG sequences were obtained. For this study, we only cloned, expressed and purified the five IgG antibodies. In vitro characterization revealed that three of the five cloned IgG antibodies, TTP73–1, ELH2–1 and TR8C11, indeed recognize ADAMTS13. Epitope mapping showed that antibodies TTP73–1 and TR8C11 bind to the cysteine–spacer domains, while the antibody ELH2–1 recognizes the T2–T3 domains in ADAMTS13. None of the antibodies inhibited ADAMTS13 activity. Given the recent findings regarding the open ADAMTS13 conformation during acute iTTP, we studied if the cloned antibodies could recognize cryptic epitopes in ADAMTS13. Interestingly, all three antibodies recognize cryptic epitopes. In conclusion, we cloned three anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies from iTTP patients that recognize cryptic epitopes. Hence, these data nicely fit our recent finding that the conformation of ADAMTS13 is open during acute iTTP.
Why we need new architectural and design paradigms to meet the needs of vulnerable people
Authors: Chrysikou Evangelia
Published: September 2018

Research on the silver economy shows that products and services, which enhance personal autonomy and social cohesion, are common to successful enterprises that serve the needs of both older adults and their carers. Policymaking focuses on such interventions, mainly from medical-pharmacological and hi-tech perspectives, such as advancements in pharmaceuticals, wearable technologies and e-health applications or robotics. Aspects of the built environment—that is, human-made surroundings—are rarely considered worth exploring. Yet, the fact that we have created buildings, as opposed to many advanced technologies that we are yet to invent, does not necessarily make them fit for purpose for the needs of an ageing population. This is the case in all forms and scales of the built environment, from houses to transportation networks. This article argues that policies and interventions for active and healthy ageing could benefit from a broader integration framework that would allow our built surroundings, of all scales and complexities, to become part of the solution. This could be achieved through new architectural and design paradigms that, contrary to prevailing architectural education and practice, operate in harmony with human perceptions and physiology, especially for vulnerable and older adults. By better understanding the consequences of the built environment on the well-being of the older population and acting on this we could, first, prevent the environment being disabling for vulnerable people and, second, hopefully enable increased autonomy through interventions.
Note: Knife edge skimming for improved separation of molecular species by the deflector
Authors: Trippel Sebastian , Johny Melby , Kierspel Thomas , Onvlee Jolijn , Bieker Helen , Ye Hong , Mullins Terry , Gumprecht Lars , Długołęcki Karol , Küpper Jochen
Published: September 2018

A knife edge for shaping a molecular beam is described to improve the spatial separation of the species in a molecular beam by the electrostatic deflector. The spatial separation of different molecular species from each other as well as from atomic seed gas is improved. The column density of the selected molecular-beam part in the interaction zone, which corresponds to higher signal rates, was enhanced by a factor of 1.5, limited by the virtual source size of the molecular beam.
Regulation of multiple off-axis acoustic vortices with a centered quasi-plane wave
Authors: Li Yuzhi , Li Wen , Ma Qingyu , Guo Gepu , Tu Juan , Zhang Dong
Published: September 2018

In treating a circular point-source array using the phase-coded method, a composite acoustic field of multiple off-axis acoustic vortices (AVs) with a centered quasi-plane wave is proposed which is superimposed by an AV beam and a co-axial non-AV beam generated by the even- and odd-numbered source arrays, respectively. The acoustic pressure and the phase of the composite acoustic field are derived using explicit formulae and demonstrated by numerical simulations. Off-axis sub-AVs (SAVs) are shown to be formed at the intersections of the radial pressure distributions of the AV and non-AV beams for the same pressure amplitude and opposite phases. Off-axis SAVs can be generated on a circumference centered with a regular polygon of quasi-plane waves. The radii and azimuthal angles of the off-axis AVs and the radius of the centered quasi-plane wave are determined by the topological charge and the initial phase difference of the acoustic beams. With the established 16-source experimental system, the generation of multiple off-axis SAVs with a centered quasi-plane wave is demonstrated by scanning measurements of the composite field with a topological charge of 1, 2, or 3, which is also proved by the qualitatively consistent simulations for N = 16. The proposed model may be applied to multi-point vortex trapping with homogeneous particle dispersion within a finite area around the central axis. These favorable results provide the feasibility of controllable manipulation for drug particles or cells and suggest wide potential applications in the fields of sonochemistry and biomedical engineering.
Four-wave mixing in a silicon microring resonator using a self-pumping geometry
Authors: Previde Massara Micol , Sabattoli Federico Andrea , Pirzio Federico , Galli Matteo , Bajoni Daniele
Published: September 2018

We report on four-wave mixing in a silicon microring resonator using a self-pumping scheme instead of an external laser. The ring resonator is inserted in an external-loop cavity with a fibered semiconductor amplifier as a source of gain. The silicon microring acts as a filter and we observe lasing in one of the microring's resonances. We study correlations between the signal and idler generated beams using a Joint Spectral Density experiment.
Solving the Schrödinger equation of atoms and molecules with the free-complement chemical-formula theory: First-row atoms and small molecules
Authors: Nakatsuji Hiroshi , Nakashima Hiroyuki , Kurokawa Yusaku I.
Published: September 2018

The free-complement chemical-formula theory (FC-CFT) for solving the Schrödinger equation (SE) was applied to the first-row atoms and several small molecules, limiting only to the ground state of a spin symmetry. Highly accurate results, satisfying chemical accuracy (kcal/mol accuracy for the absolute total energy), were obtained for all the cases. The local Schrödinger equation (LSE) method was applied for obtaining the solutions accurately and stably. For adapting the sampling method to quantum mechanical calculations, we developed a combined method of local sampling and Metropolis sampling. We also reported the method that leads the calculations to the accurate energies and wave functions as definite converged results with minimum ambiguities. We have also examined the possibility of the stationarity principle in the sampling method: it certainly works, though more extensive applications are necessary. From the high accuracy and the constant stability of the results, the present methodology seems to provide a useful tool for solving the SE of atoms and molecules.
InN and GaN/InN monolayers grown on ZnO(0001¯) and ZnO(0001)
Authors: Ernst Torsten , Chèze Caroline , Calarco Raffaella
Published: September 2018

Thin InN and GaN/InN films were grown on oxygen-polar (O) (0001¯) and zinc-polar (Zn) (0001) zinc oxide (ZnO) by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The influence of the growth rate (GR) and the substrate polarity on the growth mode and the surface morphology of InN and GaN/InN was investigated in situ by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and ex situ by atomic force microscopy. During InN deposition, a transition from two dimensional to three dimensional (2D-3D) growth mode is observed in RHEED. The critical thickness for relaxation increases with decreasing GR and varies from 0.6 ML (GR: 1.0 ML/s) to 1.2 MLs (GR: 0.2 ML/s) on O-ZnO and from 1.2 MLs (GR: 0.5 ML/s) to 1.7 MLs (GR: 0.2 ML/s) on Zn-ZnO. The critical thickness for relaxation of GaN on top of 1.2 MLs and 1.5 MLs thick InN is close to zero on O-ZnO and 1.6 MLs on Zn-ZnO, respectively.
Modeling and experimental realization of modelocked VECSEL producing high power sub-100 fs pulses
Authors: Laurain Alexandre , Kilen Isak , Hader Jorg , Ruiz Perez Antje , Ludewig Peter , Stolz Wolfgang , Addamane Sadhvikas , Balakrishnan Ganesh , Koch Stephan W. , Moloney Jerome V.
Published: September 2018

A microscopic many-body theory driven design and optimization supports the experimental demonstration of sub-100 fs pulse duration directly from a semiconductor laser. A passively modelocked vertical external cavity surface emitting laser producing a pulse duration of 95 fs at a central wavelength of 1025 nm is demonstrated. The semiconductor gain and absorber structures used in the experiment are numerically optimized by modelling the pulse formation dynamic of the system. The resulting structure design is described in detail and the physical limitations in terms of pulse duration and power are discussed. Using a ring cavity geometry, a stable colliding pulse modelocking regime with an output power of 90 mW per beam at a repetition rate of 2.2 GHz is demonstrated. The output pulses are thoroughly characterized and are in good agreement with our predictive model.
A color x-ray camera for 2–6 keV using a mass produced back illuminated complementary metal oxide semiconductor sensor
Authors: Holden William M. , Hoidn Oliver R. , Seidler Gerald T. , DiChiara Anthony D.
Published: September 2018

There are several reports in the scientific literature of the use of mass-produced charge coupled device or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensors as x-ray detectors that combine high spatial resolution with significant energy resolution. Exploiting a relatively new especially favorable ambient-temperature back-illuminated CMOS sensor, we report the development of a spectroscopic x-ray camera having particularly impressive performance for 2–6 keV photons. This instrument has several beneficial characteristics for advanced x-ray spectroscopy studies in the laboratory, at synchrotron light sources, at x-ray free electron lasers, or when using pulsed x-ray sources such as for laser plasma physics research. These characteristics include fine position and energy resolution for individual photon events, high saturation rates, frame rates above 100 Hz, easy user maintenance for damaged sensors, and software for real-time processing. We evaluate this camera as an alternative to traditional energy-dispersive solid-state detectors, such as silicon drift detectors, and also illustrate its use in a very high resolution wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometer (i.e., x-ray emission spectrometer) that has recently been reported elsewhere [W. M. Holden et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 88(7), 073904 (2017)].
Evaluation of microstructure and residual stress in W/B4C multilayer optics
Authors: Majhi A. , Dilliwar M. , Pradhan P. C. , Jena S. , Nayak M. , Singh M. N. , Udupa D. V. , Sahoo N. K.
Published: September 2018

The microstructure and residual stress are investigated in W/B4C x-ray multilayer (ML) mirrors as a function of the number of layer pairs (N) varying from 20 to 400 at a fixed period, d ≈ 1.9 nm. The microstructure is analyzed using the x-ray reflectivity (XRR) and rocking scan methods. The total residual stress in the ML film is derived using the substrate curvature measurement method, whereas the stress in W layers of MLs is separately determined by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction measurements based on the sin2 χ method using synchrotron. The successive order Bragg peaks in XRR measured curves indicate good quality of the ML structure in terms of interface roughness and thickness errors. As N increases, the interface width of B4C and W varies in the range of 0.15–0.22 nm and 0.26–0.44 nm, respectively. The contribution of physical roughness to the interface width is significantly lower (∼sub-angstrom) compared to interfacial diffuseness (angstrom level) along with a small (few nanometers) correlation length in the ML structures as observed by rocking scan measurements. The residual stresses both in the W layers and in the ML film are compressive in nature. The total stress in the ML film decreases from −1.444 GPa to −0.389 GPa with increasing N. Measured residual stress in the ML film and W layers is correlated considering a net combined tensile stress arising from B4C layers and interfaces. The ML film with N = 400 shows the least residual stress and is suitable for large layer pair ML optics. Microstructure and stress are correlated considering the mechanism of film growth at the early stage and is discussed.
Bulk (100) scandium nitride crystal growth by sublimation on tungsten single crystal seeds
Authors: Al-Atabi Hayder A. , Khan Neelam , Nour Edil , Mondoux Joseph , Zhang Yi , Edgar J. H.
Published: September 2018

Scandium nitride single crystals (14–90 μm thick) were grown on a tungsten (100) single crystal substrate by physical vapor transport in the temperature range of 1850 °C–2000 °C and pressure of 15–35 Torr. Epitaxial growth was confirmed using in-plane ϕ scan and out-of-plane x-ray diffraction techniques which revealed that ScN exhibits cube-on-cube growth with a plane relationship ScN (001) ǁ W (001) and normal direction ScN [100] ǁ W [110]. Atomic force microscopy revealed that the surface roughness decreased from 83 nm to 18 nm as the growth temperature was increased. The x-ray diffraction rocking curve (XRC) widths decreased with temperature, indicating that the crystal quality improved as the growth temperature increased. The lowest XRC FWHM was 821 arcsec which is so far the lowest value reported for ScN. Scanning electron microscopy exhibited the formation of macrosteps and cracks on the crystal surface with the latter due to the mismatch of ScN and tungsten coefficients of thermal expansion.
Increased lucerne nodulation in acid soils with
Authors: Wigley Kathryn , Ridgway Hayley J. , Humphries Alan W. , Ballard Ross A. , Moot Derrick J.
Published: September 2018

Acidic conditions with damaging levels of available aluminium (Al3+) currently limit lucerne (Medicago sativa) production on soils in the New Zealand high country and in large areas of Australia. Increased lucerne nodulation could be achieved by using an Al3+-tolerant strain of Sinorhizobium meliloti to inoculate an Al3+-tolerant lucerne line. The Al3+ tolerance of the current commercial Australasian inoculant strain for lucerne, S. meliloti RRI128, was compared with strain SRDI736, selected in Australia for tolerance to low pH. Four Al3+ levels (0, 2, 4 and 8 µm) were created at pH 5.1 in a hydroponic system. The rhizobial strains were evaluated on SARDI AT7, a lucerne line selected for improved growth and nodulation in acidic solution culture with Al3+, and on Stamina 5, a commercial cultivar commonly grown in Australasia. SARDI AT7 when inoculated with strain SRDI736 produced more nodules per plant (3.6 vs 2.4) and had higher nodulation percentage (>80% vs <50%) at all Al3+ levels than when inoculated with RRI128. The percentage of nodulated Stamina 5 plants after inoculation with the commercial strain was lower than after inoculation with strain SRDI736 (10–16% vs 25–70%) at all Al3+ levels. The potential of S. meliloti strains SRDI736, SRDI672 and RRI128 and rates of lime to increase lucerne nodulation and dry matter production in soils of low pH (<5.5, in water) and high Al3+ (>3 mg kg–1 soil) was also investigated in a pot trial. Lime had a more consistent effect than inoculant strain for increasing nodulation. At 0.5 and 2 t lime ha–1, plants inoculated with strains SRDI672 and SRDI736 had more nodules per plant than plants inoculated with the commercial strain. At 4 t lime ha–1, the number of nodules per plant was highest for all three inoculants, and there were no differences among them. This confirms the importance of lime to increase lucerne nodulation in low-pH, high-Al3+ soils. However, where liming is uneconomic or impractical, the results show that it was possible to select rhizobial strains to increase lucerne nodulation in acidic soils with damaging levels of available Al3+.
Catalogue of morphological scale deformities from 13 species of freshwater fish from the Kaniv Reservoir (Dnieper), Ukraine
Authors: Jawad Laith A. , Näslund Joacim , Rutkayová Jitka , Nebesářová Jana , Beneš Karel , Wagnerová P. , Didenko Alexander , Park Joo Myun
Published: September 2018

Among the morphological anomalies that have been reported in fish so far, abnormalities in scale shape and structure have been described from a limited number of species worldwide. The aim of the present study was to extend this knowledge by identifying and describing such scale abnormalities in freshwater fish from the Kaniv Reservoir, Ukraine. Scale deformities were common in most of the species investigated (Cyprinidae, 10 spp.; Percidae, 2 spp.; Esocidae, 1 sp.), with some differences in the number of cases among them. A wide variety of scale deformities was found, classified into two major categories, slight and severe. In all, 211 abnormal scales (172 slight and 39 severe deformities) were observed and described. The scale deformities described herein could help direct future work on the relationships between the condition of the environment and fish health.
Revised M06 density functional for main-group and transition-metal chemistry
Authors: Wang Ying , Verma Pragya , Jin Xinsheng , Truhlar Donald G. , He Xiao
Published: September 2018

Significance

Kohn–Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT) has been widely utilized for applications in chemistry, condensed-matter physics, and materials science, but the accuracy of KS-DFT depends on the approximations to the exchange–correlation functional, and thus functional development is very important. The M06 and M06-2X functionals, which are hybrid metafunctionals, have been widely used due to their broad applicability. In this study, we present a hybrid metafunctional called revM06 that has broader accuracy than either M06 or M06-2X. As a result, the revM06 functional is well suited for a broad range of applications on main-group chemistry, transition-metal chemistry, and molecular structure prediction. The reoptimization takes advantage of the better databases and of our recently developed strategy for obtaining smoother functionals.
The use of -ing and -ndo forms in sales contracts
Authors: López Arroyo Belén , Roberts Roda P. , Moreno Pérez Leticia
Published: September 2018

This paper analyzes the use of the -ing and -ndo forms in English and Spanish in sales contracts.
More specifically, it aims to answer three questions: 1. Do the -ing and the -ndo forms occur
more frequently in sales contracts than in general language? 2. Do English sales contracts contain more -ing
forms used in more syntactic functions than the Spanish -ndo in Spanish sales contracts? 3. Are both the
-ing forms and the -ndo forms found in all or most parts of the sales contracts retained for
this study? Our study is based on two comparable corpora of English and Spanish: a legal corpus containing sales contracts, and a
general corpus. Our corpora provide the following answers to the questions posed: 1. Both the -ing and the
-ndo forms occur more frequently in sales contracts than in general language; 2. There are more
-ing forms in English sales contracts than there are -ndo forms in Spanish sales contracts,
but in both cases, they are used in a variety of syntactic functions; 3. Both the -ing forms and the
-ndo forms are found in most parts of the sales contracts used in this study.
Good Morning Montenegro: Transplanting American Television News Culture into an Emerging Democracy. A Case Study of Media Training in the Balkans
Authors: Silcock B. William
Published: September 2018

What happens when you take a staple of the American morning news diet—a hybrid recipe based on ingredients found in NBC's The Today Show and ABC's Good Morning America—and serve it up in the state-run television newsroom in Montenegro? Why would the U.S government facilitate and fund this effort, and what's the impact on local journalism routines during and after the training? This study reports about one faculty member's experience working as a broadcast news media trainer in Montenegro, reflects on the short- and long-term value of such training, weighs the benefits for the country's media environment, and recommends guiding principles for others who might conduct similar “overseas” projects. This research builds upon the scholarly record of the international media trainer's role, its potential impact on the newsroom culture of foreign nations, and, perhaps most importantly, what the teacher-trainer learns from overseas professionals that can benefit stateside classrooms and newsrooms. Journalism educators play an important part not only in training, but secondarily, in mediating cultural transformations.
Explaining Local Television Sports Through Hypercompetition
Authors: Schultz Brad , Sheffer Mary Lou
Published: September 2018

A model of business behavior was applied to local television sports to assess whether management of sports is hypercompetitive. Hypercompetition was defined as a turbulent, changing environment in which decisions are made quickly and based on real-time information. A national survey of television managers indicated that hypercompetition exists at large market, corporately owned stations. Smaller, individually owned stations, as well as those managed by women, didn't fit the hyper-competitive model, leading to important implications.
Meet the Press Congressional Guests, 1947-2004
Authors: Harmon Mark D. , Foley Daniel J.
Published: September 2018

The authors analyze all 1,582 Meet the Presscongressional guests from the program's inception in 1947 until 2004. The guests were coded in terms of gender, state, party, and ideological orientation as measured by Americans for Democratic Action (ADA). The program generally followed the partisan and ideological patterns of the Congress itself in who showed up as guests. There was a clear tendency to exaggerate partisan differences, meaning slightly more liberal than typical Democratic guests and slightly more conservative than typical Republican guests. The program also drew heavily from a “golden rolodex” of predictable and frequent guests, often members of Congress with leadership titles.
An allosteric mechanism of inactivation in the calcium-dependent chloride channel BEST1
Authors: Vaisey George , Long Stephen B.
Published: September 2018

Bestrophin proteins are calcium (Ca2+)-activated chloride channels. Mutations in bestrophin 1 (BEST1) cause macular degenerative disorders. Whole-cell recordings show that ionic currents through BEST1 run down over time, but it is unclear whether this behavior is intrinsic to the channel or the result of cellular factors. Here, using planar lipid bilayer recordings of purified BEST1, we show that current rundown is an inherent property of the channel that can now be characterized as inactivation. Inactivation depends on the cytosolic concentration of Ca2+, such that higher concentrations stimulate inactivation. We identify a C-terminal inactivation peptide that is necessary for inactivation and dynamically interacts with a receptor site on the channel. Alterations of the peptide or its receptor dramatically reduce inactivation. Unlike inactivation peptides of voltage-gated channels that bind within the ion pore, the receptor for the inactivation peptide is on the cytosolic surface of the channel and separated from the pore. Biochemical, structural, and electrophysiological analyses indicate that binding of the peptide to its receptor promotes inactivation, whereas dissociation prevents it. Using additional mutational studies we find that the “neck” constriction of the pore, which we have previously shown to act as the Ca2+-dependent activation gate, also functions as the inactivation gate. Our results indicate that unlike a ball-and-chain inactivation mechanism involving physical occlusion of the pore, inactivation in BEST1 occurs through an allosteric mechanism wherein binding of a peptide to a surface-exposed receptor controls a structurally distant gate.
Beliefs and preferences for food-safety policies: a discrete choice model under uncertainty
Authors: Cerroni Simone , Notaro Sandra , Raffaelli Roberta
Published: September 2018

Outcomes of food policies are highly uncertain. Therefore, the public’s support for these policies depends on individuals’ beliefs and the provision of scientific information. Using data collected from a discrete choice experiment survey, we explore whether new information regarding a food-safety policy influences respondents’ support, while controlling for risk and time preferences. Additionally, we examine if support depends on whether information is perceived as either good or bad news. Results from the estimation of parametric error component logit models, based on expected utility theory and rank dependent utility theory, suggest that good and bad news affects preferences and welfare measures.
1. The formation of adult relationships
Authors: Gilmore Stephen , Glennon Lisa
Published: September 2018

This chapter examines the law surrounding the formation of the formal relationships of marriage and civil partnership, including the law on nullity. It also explores, by way of contrast, non-formal cohabiting relationships. Topics discussed include void and voidable marriages, sham marriages, forced marriages; the development of gay and lesbian rights; the road to same-sex marriage; and the legal consequences of marriage.
3. Protection from domestic violence and occupation of the family home
Authors: Gilmore Stephen , Glennon Lisa
Published: September 2018

This chapter considers the civil law remedies which are designed to protect a victim from domestic violence. The two primary protective orders under Part IV of the Family Law Act (FLA) 1996 are the non-molestation order and the occupation order which can be applied for and obtained in conjunction with each other, or separately. The chapter also discusses the fact that the occupation order can also be used to regulate occupation of the family home in non-violent situations when a dispute arises between family members about who is entitled to occupy the home, and on what basis.
4. Money and property distribution on marriage breakdown
Authors: Gilmore Stephen , Glennon Lisa
Published: September 2018

This chapter examines the legal framework which determines the distribution of money and property between spouses or civil partners on divorce or dissolution. The chapter considers the background to the current law before providing an in-depth analysis of the relevant legislative framework under the MCA 1973 and important case law developments. The chapter also considers the division of the parties’ pension on divorce, orders relating to the matrimonial home, and the enforceability of separation and pre-nuptial agreements.
7. A child’s parents: parentage, parenthood, and parental responsibility
Authors: Gilmore Stephen , Glennon Lisa
Published: September 2018

This chapter examines the law on parenthood and parental responsibility. The law has had to address a number of questions.Who is a child’s mother when a woman gives birth to a child conceived as a result of egg donation by another woman? Is the child to have two mothers? Can a female-to-male transsexual person become a child’s father? Is a mother’s same-sex partner to be recognised as her child’s parent too? If so, in what sense? As this last question suggests, the law’s response is also complicated by the fact that the notion of ‘being a parent’ has several different facets.
9. Private law disputes and issues in children cases
Authors: Gilmore Stephen , Glennon Lisa
Published: September 2018

This examines how the courts deal with private law issues or disputes relating to children’s upbringing, such as post-separation residence or contact disputes, or other specific issues. It begins by setting out some general principles for deciding children cases which are contained in section 1 of the Children Act 1989.
10. Children needing services, care, and protection
Authors: Gilmore Stephen , Glennon Lisa
Published: September 2018

This chapter examines the relationship between children, parents, and the state, looking at how the law responds to children needing services, care, and protection. Topics discussed include: Part III of the Children Act 1989; the threshold for compulsory intervention in family life based on the concept of ‘significant harm’; protecting children in an emergency; interim care and supervision orders; the local authority’s care plan and respective roles of the local authority and court; and discharge of care orders.
Costs and benefits of a school-based health intervention in Portugal
Authors: Vieira Margarida , Carvalho Graça S
Published: September 2018

School-based programmes for preventing childhood obesity have been shown to be effective in improving eating habits and nutritional status, but few intervention programmes with a controlled design have included an economic evaluation. In this study, we conducted a cost-consequence analysis to evaluate the costs and the health benefits of the ‘Planning Health in School’ programme (PHS-pro) implemented in the Northern region of Portugal to 449 children of 10–14 years old. Previous study has showed that after PHS-pro, several anthropometric measures significantly improved in the intervention group (height, waist circumference and waist-height ratio) compared with the control group, followed by significant improvements on soft drinks, fruit and vegetables daily consumptions. Costs were estimated according the two phases of the programme: designing and preparation of schools, and school setting implementation, and included all the direct costs on human and material resources. PHS-pro total costs were estimated as 7915.53€/year with an intervention cost of 36.14€/year/child attending the programme. This is much lower than the direct costs for treating an obese adult in Portugal, which was calculated as 3849.15€/year. A scale-up costing projection for implementing the PHS-pro to a larger young population was estimated to be even lower: 18.18€/year/child. This cost-consequence analysis provided evidence that the PHS-pro was economically feasible especially if compared with the medical costs for treating adult obesity. The PHS-pro can be a beneficial investment and may give a promising contribution to addressing overweight over childhood and adolescence, which are developmental stages that determine adulthood chronic diseases.
Simultaneous Edit and Imputation For Household Data with Structural Zeros
Authors: Akande Olanrewaju , Barrientos Andrés , Reiter Jerome P
Published: September 2018

Multivariate categorical data nested within households often include reported values that fail edit constraints—for example, a participating household reports a child’s age as older than his biological parent’s age—and have missing values. Generally, agencies prefer datasets to be free from erroneous or missing values before analyzing them or disseminating them to secondary data users. We present a model-based engine for editing and imputation of household data based on a Bayesian hierarchical model that includes (i) a nested data Dirichlet process mixture of products of multinomial distributions as the model for the true latent values of the data, truncated to allow only households that satisfy all edit constraints, (ii) a model for the location of errors, and (iii) a reporting model for the observed responses in error. The approach propagates uncertainty due to unknown locations of errors and missing values, generates plausible datasets that satisfy all edit constraints, and can preserve multivariate relationships within and across individuals in the same household. We illustrate the approach using data from the 2012 American Community Survey.
Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Watkins Laurence , Thomas David G.T.
Published: September 2018

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide.

It is an extremely heterogeneous condition with respect to mechanism, pathophysiology, injury pattern, and investigation findings, with highly variable outcomes, posing a significant challenge to clinicians treating it.

Essential to the management of TBI is an integrated, multidisciplinary approach from rapid resuscitation and early intervention through to rehabilitation....
Multiplicity of Infection Is a Poor Predictor of Village-Level Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum Population Prevalence in the Southwest Pacific
Authors: Koepfli Cristian , Waltmann Andreea , Ome-Kaius Maria , Robinson Leanne J , Mueller Ivo
Published: September 2018

Across 8101 individuals in 46 villages, the proportion of Plasmodium spp. multiple clone infections (0%–53.8%) did not reflect prevalence by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR; 1.9%–38.4%), except for P. vivax in Solomon Islands (P < .001). Thus this parameter was not informative to identify transmission foci. In contrast, prevalence by microscopy and qPCR correlated well.
Introduction
Authors: Anderson C.W.
Published: September 2018

This chapter provides an overview of the major arguments of the work, a breakdown of each of the following chapters, some reflections on methodology, and a few thoughts on how the concerns of the book relate to twenty-first-century politics.
Solidarity and Uncertainty
Authors: Anderson C.W.
Published: September 2018

The larger normative implications of the book are discussed. The history is tied into the digital politics of the twenty-first century, and the tensions between elite, fact-based journalism and emotive, aesthetic politics are assessed.
Clinical/Abnormal Perspectives
Authors: Mastroianni George R.
Published: September 2018

Chapter 4 focuses on the considerable psychological literature devoted to the question of the role played by psychopathology in the Nazi movement and the Holocaust. Both the Nazi leaders and the German population as a whole were thought by some to exhibit signs of psychopathology. The dominant paradigm in psychology before, during, and shortly after World War II was psychoanalytic, and Freudian analyses were common. The notion that psychopathology played a significant role in either Nazism or the Holocaust has largely been abandoned. The psychological consequences of the horrific experiences to which many Holocaust survivors were subjected led to the identification of a disorder called by some “concentration camp syndrome.” Our modern-day understanding of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) owes a considerable debt to the legacy of Holocaust survivors.
David on the Desert Fringe
Authors: Pioske Daniel
Published: September 2018

This chapter’s investigation centers on two incidents related in the Book of Samuel about David’s days spent on the southern desert fringe of the Levant as an outlaw on the run from Saul: the first, surrounding David’s leadership over the Philistine outpost of Ziklag (1 Sam. 27:1–28:2); the second, of David’s distribution of gifts to the elders of Judah stationed at different Judahite sites in Hebron and to Hebron’s south (1 Sam. 30:26–31). In comparing these stories to the archaeological evidence we now possess about these locations, what results, it is argued, are insights into a past alloyed with references to different eras and geographies. Such entanglements of remembering arose, it is contended further, because the sources on which the biblical scribes relied were shaped by memories reflective of a changing landscape and varied political interests during the Iron Age period.
Conclusion
Authors: Pioske Daniel
Published: September 2018

Chapter 5 concludes this investigation by returning to the question of epistemology. What comes to light through the previous studies, it is argued, is that the stories told by the biblical scribes were rooted in not one type of memory but multiple instantiations of it that would have often worked simultaneously to shape the material transmitted to them over time. The conclusions reached through this investigation would thus urge caution when likening biblical storytelling with a form of history, or at least an understanding of history that has been practiced and developed during the modern period. What these considerations also indicate is that drawing on the referential claims of biblical narrative for historical reconstructive pursuits requires some sensitivity toward these ancient narratives’ specific epistemic underpinnings.
Introduction
Authors: Hintz Lisel
Published: September 2018

This chapter introduces the book’s aim of turning the concept of identity politics inside out. It presents Turkey as an empirical window onto these dynamics, familiarizing readers with puzzling shifts in domestic politics and foreign policy that do not correspond to shifts in geopolitical dynamics, international economic conditions, or the coming to power of a new party. For example, after the AKP made progress toward EU membership in its first term, the party’s subsequent terms witnessed a sharp reorientation of Turkey, a traditional Western ally, toward the Middle East. This period also demonstrates a rise in “Ottomania”—reviled until recently as delusions of imperial Islamic grandeur—which now permeates everything from pop culture to political campaigns. How was such a drastic reorientation of Turkey possible under the AKP? This introduction lays out how the book solves this puzzle by turning identity politics inside out and outlines the structure of the book.
Discussion
Authors: Van Den Bos Kees
Published: September 2018

Chapter 12 ends the book ends by drawing final conclusions and putting forward final notes. The chapter discusses how to study radicalization and what things to consider in future projects on this issue. This includes the issue whether to assume that those who engage in radicalization, extremism, and terrorism are relatively “normal” people or constitute rather “abnormal” individuals. This also includes how to realistically assess the probabilities of the pathways that are put forward by conceptual models of radicalization. Furthermore, when intervening in radicalization processes legal and ethical concerns deserve our attention, and Chapter 12 discuss these issues. The book closes by noting that using both the strengths and weaknesses of what this book has to offer can lead to enhanced understanding of radicalization processes and a better grounding of the prevention of radical and extremist behaviors in society.