bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las políticas públicas para las personas mayores desde un enfoque basado en derechos humanos
Authors: Solanes Corella Ángeles , García Medina Javier
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo parte de la premisa de que el envejecimiento de la población es un fenómeno que hay que abordar desde las políticas públicas puesto que interroga a la sociedad en su conjunto y exige la responsabilidad de los Estados como garantes de los derechos de las personas mayores. Tales políticas deberán guiarse por los estándares y principios marcados por Naciones Unidas, el Consejo de Europa y la Unión Europea, que reclaman adoptar un enfoque basado en derechos Humanos y una atención integral centrada en la persona, como canales para articular un tratamiento adecuado de los derechos de las personas mayores, sin olvidar el compromiso ético de todos los agentes implicados en dar respuesta a las situaciones de vulnerabilidad.
El eterno presentismo y el olvido de las lecciones de la vejez reflexiva
Authors: Vázquez-González Leonor , Rodríguez Jorge Mario
Published: May 2022

La aceleración y dispersión temporal de la época presente, producto de la continua disrupción tecnológica, ha distorsionado nuestra percepción de los ciclos y ritmos permanentes de la vida humana. Esta alteración afecta negativamente las visiones culturales con que el ser humano trata de hacer sentido de su existencia. Esta transformación multimensional, llega a expresarse en un desdén por la vejez, e incluso en un intento de eclipsar la muerte, las cuales siempre habían sido consideradas como etapas ineludibles de cualquier ciclo vital. Los adelantos de la biotecnología quieren hacer de la vejez una etapa de la vida que se puede demorar de manera indefinida. En este contexto, el presentismo se manifiesta en la sensación de estar comenzando de nuevo: el envejecimiento, en consecuencia, pierde su sentido en la vida humana y se convierte en un estadio a ser extirpado. De esta forma, se disipa la capacidad de construir un sentido para la existencia personal en el Universo puesto que es en la vejez reflexiva en dónde se deposita una buena parte de la experiencia vital para la humanidad. Este problema lleva la pérdida de la memoria y el sentido, perspectivas invaluables para enriquecer la reflexión que evita la barbarie humana. Para evitar esta situación es necesario luchar por el control colectivo de los gigantes tecnológicos y construir un Estado que privilegie la inclusividad y el bien común.
A importância de políticas públicas voltadas para a população da terceira idade no Brasil: discutindo as tensões e potencialidades do século XXI
Authors: Pinho de Almeida Luciane
Published: May 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a questão do envelhecimento e as políticas públicas no Brasil. Durante muito tempo o Brasil foi visto como um país de jovens, mas nas últimas décadas, vem-se percebendo um constante envelhecimento demográfico da população idosa, invertendo significativamente as características de país de população jovem para país com uma população mais idosa. Compreender esta característica é essencial para pensar a gestão do país no que tange a implementação de políticas públicas e os investimentos do Estado, necessários para responder às demandas de uma vida digna para toda a população. A Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) considera o período de 1975 a 2025 como a “Era do Envelhecimento”, porque é visível que a população mundial está vivendo mais. Por outro lado, no que tange aos cuidados à população idosa é importante oferecer um atendimento adequado e preventivo à saúde e qualidade de vida. Por fim, discute-se neste texto que o Brasil avançou significativamente no sentido de implementar políticas que respondam às demandas e necessidades dos idosos, considerando-os prioritariamente como sujeitos de direitos. Todavia, no Brasil, contraditoriamente, o que se observa mais recentemente são retrocessos no campo dos direitos sociais e humanos, assim este artigo tem como debate as tensões e potencialidades à questão do envelhecimento nos dias atuais.
Mujer adulta mayor en situación de calle: visibilizando lo invisible
Authors: Mercado Ibarra Santa Magdalena , Armenta Camacho Sandra Patricia , OCHOA ÁVILA Eneida , García Hernández Claudia
Published: May 2022

La aplicación de políticas de corte neoliberal en México y el mundo, la deuda externa, la crisis económica, la ausencia de una política efectiva y eficiente, influyeron para que las franjas poblacionales más vulnerables abandonaran sus hogares en busca de oportunidades, al grado que tuvieron que recurrir a la calle para sobrevivir. La mujer en situación de calle, y en especial la mujer adulta mayor en dichas condiciones es un tema ignorado y en muchas de las ocasiones invisibilizado por completo, al grado de que la sociedad como tal, les hemos arrebatado el derecho que tienen de su propia identidad, aspecto que aniquila todo intento de salir adelante. El objetivo es visibilizar situaciones que se han mantenido ocultas, los factores que influyen, las situaciones que enfrentan en el camino difícil de su propia sobrevivencia, la identificación de factores de protección y de riesgo. La ausencia casi por completo de estudios, investigaciones y en general de literatura, contribuye a que estos saberes no hayan sido reflexionados con total seriedad y merecen tener un espacio para ser difundidos de manera prioritaria, con el fin de que podamos ser puentes que les ayuden a encontrar la motivación y la fuerza para hacer frente a la adversidad aun cuando tienen todo en contra. Sumar a una vida con dignidad, que como seres humanos tenemos por derecho, desde que nacemos, todos igual de valiosos y perfectos. Urge contribuir en la reconstrucción del tejido social, familiar y personal fracturado. Urge que asumamos que todos somos cómplices, al ignorarlas, al no hacer nada, al denigrarlas. Urge que asumamos nuestra corresponsabilidad.
Bien-être, bien vieillir entre marketing et enjeu sociétal : la création d’une marque porteuse de sens
Authors: Tournay Alexandra
Published: May 2022

Depuis 1962 et le rapport Laroque, deux sociologies distinctes découlent des politiques sociales : celle de la vieillesse sous l’angle de la maladie d’une part et de la pauvreté d’autre part (Weber, 2017 : 115). Or, durant ce dernier demi-siècle, on repère comme phénomène social : l’augmentation « de l’espérance de vie sans incapacité » (Weber, 2017 : 116).Parler respectivement du vieillissement de la population et du marketing, n’arbore, à première vue, aucune sorte d’originalité. Force est de constater qu’il est en tout autre quand il s’agit d’allier les deux : marketing et vieillissement, avec les signifiants du bien-être et de la consommation responsable.Partant du principe des bienfaits de la RSE et du marketing du bien vieillir, la communication présentera le concept d’une marque qui regroupe des produits et des services, en lien avec le bien-être, adaptés aux seniors, destinée à garantir la qualité de ces derniers : le Made in France socialement responsable.
Incidencia del factor de cooperación internacional en los procesos de desminado humanitario de Mozambique y Colombia
Authors: Casanova Ramírez Luisa Fernanda , Cabrera Albornoz Luis Alfredo , Pachón Muñoz William
Published: May 2022

Este documento tiene como finalidad aportar una visión general respecto al proceso de desminado humanitario de Mozambique y Colombia, a través del análisis descriptivo de diferentes variables que permiten identificar la incidencia del factor de cooperación internacional en estos procesos. Por tal razón surge el siguiente interrogante ¿En qué medida, el factor de cooperación internacional incide en los procesos de desminado humanitario tanto de Mozambique como de Colombia?De esta forma, para responder el anterior cuestionamiento se establece el análisis de las tres siguientes fases en donde se abordan aspectos concernientes al grado de importancia que se le ha otorgado al tratado de Ottawa y su aplicación en Mozambique y en Colombia, evaluando sus implicaciones en cada escenario. En segundo lugar, se hace referencia al tipo de cooperación que se puede identificar en los procesos de desminado humanitario que se llevaron a cabo en los dos países en cuestión. Por último, se destaca el papel de los actores que influyen directamente en los procesos de desminado humanitario, haciendo especial énfasis en el rol que juegan los Estados, las Organizaciones No Gubernamentales y organismos multilaterales.
La gouvernementalité du conflit armé interne et la constitution de « l´état hybride » par le modèle de la « sécurité démocratique » en Colombie
Authors: Betancourt Ramírez Juan David
Published: May 2022

Notre recherche entend montrer la progressive « hybridation » de l’État en Colombie à partir du brouillage des frontières topologiques entre l’État de droit et l’état d’exception. Idée développée sur l’émergence d’une nouvelle typologie de conflit, comprise comme « le paradigme du conflit au sein des populations » ; exprimée grâce à l’intrication du conflit dans la gouvernementalité comme champ discursif et son prolongement dans l’imaginaire collectif (Castoriadis). La gouvernementalité est comprise comme la stratégie de la gestion des affaires de la population, pour la réactualisation de l’État et la configuration des rapports sociaux. Celle-ci trouve maintenant dans la notion de guerre probable et d’ordre civil des éléments essentielles. Cependant, L’intrication du nouveau paradigme du conflit constitue un foyer de légitimation et délégitimation ; de quoi, finalement ? Des pratiques gouvernementales, comme la banalisation de pratiques étatiques violentes et la délégitimation de toutes formes de mouvement d’insurrection et d’opposition sociale.
Justice transitionnelle en Amérique latine : la commission historique des conflits et ses victimes et la négociation de paix en Colombie
Authors: Brites Osorio de Oliveira Alice
Published: May 2022

Il existe en Colombie, contrairement aux autres pays latino-américains qui ont connu de longues périodes de dictature militaire, un conflit armé qui dure depuis plus d´un demi-siècle contre les FARC-EP ; une guérilla dont l´origine et les revendications sont essentiellement rurales. Dans ce travail de recherche, nous étudierons la Commission Historique du Conflit et ses Victimes (CHCV – Comisión Histórica del Conflicto y sus Victimas), instituée à la demande des FARC-EP et approuvée par le gouvernement, afin de présenter les points historiques du conflit. Notre article a surtout pour objet l´analyse du contenu du rapport final de la CHCV, une présentation des membres de cette commission et la réglementation de son travail.
L'enfermement punitif l’exemple des prisons nord-américaines
Authors: Guillaumaud-Pujol Claude
Published: May 2022

Dans les années 1800, à l'époque de la révolution industrielle, sous l'impulsion de philanthropes tels que Cesare Beccaria, Jeremy Bentham ou les Quakers de Philadelphie on réfléchit à une réforme de la prison et au sens de l'enfermement ; on invente une nouvelle forme de châtiment qui ne vise plus à punir le corps du coupable par la torture, mais à obtenir la rédemption de son âme en le plaçant à l'isolement et sous contrôle. Ceci est rendu possible grâce à l'architecture novatrice du panoptique, (utilisée également dans les usines, les casernes et les hôpitaux). Enfermement, surveillance et rédemption de l'âme en sont les maître-mots. Mais au Surveiller et Punir de Michel Foucault, Deleuze va adjoindre la formule abstraite du Panoptisme qui n'est plus seulement « voir sans être vu » mais « imposer une conduite quelconque à une multiplicité humaine quelconque », enfermée dans un espace clos (Deleuze, 2004 :41). Cette étude consiste à étudier l'impact de cette doctrine sur une institution totale en pleine expansion : les prisons de femmes aux Etats-Unis. Nous analyserons les dérives d'une institution totale spécifique, dévoyée de son concept originel de « rédemption de l'âme » et de réinsertion des prisonniers, pour devenir : 'surveiller, punir et s'enrichir aux dépens d'une classe sociale, sexuellement, ethniquement et économiquement discriminée'.
Reajuste de género: experiencias de internamiento de mujeres jóvenes en la Casa Hogar de la Santísima Trinidad I.A.P.
Authors: Sánchez García Leticia
Published: May 2022

Este escrito tiene por objetivo analizar el reajuste de género de un grupo de mujeres jóvenes que viven en calidad de internas orientado al modelo de mujer que propone La Casa Hogar de la Santísima Trinidad I.A.P. Para su análisis retomé las categorías género, estigma, cautiverio, instituciones de encierro y agencia. En términos epistémicos, reflexioné sobre mi papel como investigadora y metodológicamente elaboré la trayectoria de internamiento. Asimismo, realicé entrevistas a diez jóvenes, dos religiosas, una educadora y una psicóloga de la institución complementadas con trabajo etnográfico. Centré el análisis en el encierro, la ritualidad católica y las percepciones a futuro donde sobresalen respuestas de asimilación, aceptación y rechazo. En el primero, el disciplinamiento se materializa en el cuerpo de las jóvenes a través del cual se transmiten una serie de valores asociados con el deber ser femenino. Mediante la ritualidad católica se transmiten preceptos católicos femeninos donde hay diferentes respuestas de las jóvenes y expresiones de la agencia. En las percepciones a futuro se materializa el modelo de mujer contemporáneo que propone la casa hogar: mujeres que estudien, aspiren a una clase media y en un futuro, contraigan matrimonio. Así, mediante las experiencias de las jóvenes –las cuales presentan diversas tensiones y ambivalencias- es posible analizar los ajustes de género que se inclinan a un modelo de mujer específico que conjuga aspectos educativos, de clase y católicos.
El estigma de las mujeres en reclusión en México: una mirada desde el interaccionismo simbólico
Authors: Hernández Armas Carlos Augusto
Published: May 2022

En el presente ensayo se aborda el fenómeno de las mujeres en prisión desde el enfoque del interaccionismo simbólico, utilizando como herramienta teórica central la categoría de estigma elaborada por Erving Goffman. La premisa es que las mujeres son parte de un proceso de cautiverio que ocurre de manera simultánea en lo fáctico y en lo simbólico, pues las características desacreditables que se les asignan al no cumplir con las expectativas sociales hacia su género se legitiman en el momento que son estigmatizadas por su ingreso en las instituciones penales. Los contextos sociales en donde se sitúa el análisis son los Centros de Readaptación Social de México.
Revealing Structure-Property Relationships in Polybenzenoid Hydrocarbons with Interpretable Machine-Learning
Authors: Fite Shachar , Wahab Alexandra , Paenurk Eno , Gross Zeev , Gershoni-Poranne Renana
Published: May 2022

The structure-property relationships of polybenzenoid hydrocarbons (PBHs) were investigated with interpretable machine learning, for which two new tools were developed and applied. First, a novel textual molecular representation, based on the annulation sequence of PBHs was defined and developed. This representation can be used either in its textual form or as a basis for a curated feature-vector; both forms show improved interpretability over the standard SMILES representation, and the former also has increased predictive accuracy. Second, the recently-developed model, CUSTODI, was applied for the first time as an interpretable model and identified important structural features that impact various electronic molecular properties. The resulting insights not only validate several well-known “rules of thumb” of organic chemistry but also reveal new behaviors and influential structural motifs, thus providing guiding principles for rational design and fine-tuning of PBHs.
Biological filtration is resilient to wildfire ash-associated organic carbon threats to drinking water treatment
Authors: Blackburn Emma Anne Jackson , Emelko Monica B. , Dickson-Anderson Sarah E. , Anderson William B.
Published: May 2022

Elevated/altered levels of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water can be challenging to treat after wildfire. Biologically-mediated treatment removes some DOM; its ability to remove elevated/altered post-fire dissolved organic carbon (DOC) resulting from wildfire ash was therefore investigated. The treatment of low, medium, and high wildfire ash-amended source waters by bench-scale biofilters was evaluated in duplicate. Turbidity and DOC were typically well-removed during periods of stable operation (effluent turbidity ≤ 0.3 NTU in 93% of samples, average DOC removal ~20% in all biofilters during periods of non- impaired DOC removal). Daily DOC removal across all biofilters was generally consistent, suggesting that the wildfire ash and associated water extractable organic matter did not reduce the DOC biodegradation capacity of the biofilters. DOM fractionation indicated that this was because the low molecular weight neutral (which are known to be readily biodegradable) and biopolymer fractions of DOM were reduced; however, humics were largely recalcitrant. Thus, biological filtration may be resilient to wildfire ash-associated DOM threats to drinking water treatment. However, operational resilience may be compromised if the balance between readily removed and recalcitrant fractions of DOM change, as was observed when baseline source water quality fluctuated for brief periods during the investigation.
Bring Chemical Intuition to Chips: Transferable Chemical-intuitive Model to Predict Photophysics of Organic Aggregates
Authors: Gong Junyi , Deng Ziwei , Xie Huilin , Zhao Zheng , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: May 2022

While machine-learning methods indicated good adaptability for machine-learning algorithms in the pan-chemistry field by its breakthroughs in pharmacy. Materials research still benefits from such new techniques fewer due to the inconsistency in the paradigm of study in the diversely different subareas which demand special treatment individually. In this contribution, we proposed an innovative design of the embedding method, which is inspired by chemical intuition, to bring neural networks into the field for modelling photophysics of the organic light-emitting materials in condensed states. We outline this framework and demonstrate its successful implementation in the predictive classification of fluorophores by its mechanisms, direction of spectra shift from solution to solid-state, and regression of spectral features, including emission peaks wavelengths in pristine solid-state and nano-aggregates. Our work may serve as an example for a specific area of materials research to transfer the empirical chemical intuition into machine-learning models and build comprehensive performance-oriented pre-screening systems to develop new compounds with demanded characters.
浅谈装配式建筑发展趋势
Authors: 妍 王
Published: May 2022

装配式建筑是一种新型房屋建筑，以工厂预制的构件和配件，在施工现场用机械装备而成的建筑，被称为装配式建筑。工厂化生产，机械装配现场作业，充分体现了现代建筑的产业化特征。这种建筑方式提高了建造速度，减少了施工现场环境污染，解放了劳动力。装配式建筑的应用和发展对现代建筑的发展意义重大。装配式建筑对于多数人来讲还很陌生，但是在1910年德国建筑大师格罗皮乌斯就提出了这个概念，他认为在住宅中差不多所有的部件和构件都可以在工厂中制造， “手工操作愈少，工业化的好处就愈多”。他所提到的工业化建筑就是我们现在所倡导的装配式建筑，就是把“手工作业”进化到“流水线作业”，把工厂预制完成的梁、板、柱、墙、预制阳台等构件通过运输环节送到施工现场，通过节点的搭接和浇筑组合而成的建筑，这种工业化产业化的建筑在欧美及日本已经广泛采用。装配式建筑是一种新型房屋建筑，以工厂预制的构件和配件，在施工现场用机械装备而成的建筑，被称为装配式建筑。工厂化生产，机械装配现场作业，充分体现了现代建筑的产业化特征。这种建筑方式提高了建造速度，减少了施工现场环境污染，解放了劳动力。装配式建筑的应用和发展对现代建筑的发展意义重大。装配式建筑对于多数人来讲还很陌生，但是在1910年德国建筑大师格罗皮乌斯就提出了这个概念，他认为在住宅中差不多所有的部件和构件都可以在工厂中制造， “手工操作愈少，工业化的好处就愈多”。他所提到的工业化建筑就是我们现在所倡导的装配式建筑，就是把“手工作业”进化到“流水线作业”，把工厂预制完成的梁、板、柱、墙、预制阳台等构件通过运输环节送到施工现场，通过节点的搭接和浇筑组合而成的建筑，这种工业化产业化的建筑在欧美及日本已经广泛采用。
水资源管理中水利信息化技术的运用措施
Authors: 晓婷 张
Published: May 2022

论文针对新疆兵团水利工程项目分析水资源信息化的使用情况，分析了水资源管理中信息化技术的作用，进一步分析了几种水利信息化技术的，然后以新疆兵团水利的部分地区分析了水利信息技术的具体应用，供相关人员参考。
加强工程造价管理对于合理控制工程造价的意义及对策
Authors: 涛 唐
Published: May 2022

论文分析了工程造价管理，对于合理控制工程造价的意义，阐述了工程造价现状，最后提出了控制工程造价的具体对策。在具体操作过程中，建筑工程项目需要进行成本预算和工程建设质量管控，提高企业的社会和经济效益。因此，建筑工程造价管理是极为重要的。工程造价也是一项较为复杂的工程，涉及方方面面，均和建筑工程项目各个环节有着密切的 联系。
基于建筑工程项目管理存在的问题及创新策略分析
Authors: 海龙 李
Published: May 2022

项目管理是建筑工程中最重要的环节之一，其在整个建筑项目中占据着中心位置。优秀的管理方案有助于提高工作效率，在确保工程项目进度和质量过关的同时，还能有效降低项目成本，帮助企业树立良好形象，提高企业利润。随着新时代的蓬勃发展，越来越多的建设项目产生，同时也带来了新的项目管理问题。因此，论文基于建筑工程项目管理中存在的突出问题展开讨论，并结合实际情况提出创新策略和解决方案。
超长倒三角弧形管桁架整体安装技术研究
Authors: 明 张 , 志勇 彭 , 海丰 卢 , 娴 韦
Published: May 2022

依托北京城市副中心首都博物馆东馆工程共享大厅屋盖对超长53m倒三角弧形管桁架整体安装施工技术进行了研究，尤其是针对桁架加工过程、吊装过程中支座变形及应力释放等细节进行技术创新，实现了博物馆共享大厅超大跨度屋盖的高精度吊装。
住宅建筑设计的质量及进度管理论述
Authors: 丽 张
Published: May 2022

住宅建筑工程中，质量与进度管理关系既统一又对立，即过分追求工程进度与效率，容易出现错误操作先为，最终影响到工程质量。如果过分关注工程质量，忽略了工程进度的管控，就会影响到工程进度。从项目建设实际情况分析，质量与进度管理的最终目标是促进建筑行业更好地发展。工程进度不仅与建设单位效益有着直接关系，还与整个建筑项目经济效益有关。施工质量不仅与居住者利益相关，一旦出现质量问题，还会影响到整个建筑工程的质量，因此将两者相结合，提升建筑项目质量与进度管控水平。
对高层房屋建筑施工技术的分析与思考
Authors: 盼明 赵
Published: May 2022

在现阶段社会的发展过程中，建筑事业在城市化的发展过程中快速进步，尤其是高层建筑的建设，其在工艺和规模方面都发展得十分迅速。但是高层房屋建筑相较于传统的建筑来说在技术上有很大的提升，如果施工人员对技术掌握程度不足，就可能引发安全隐患。所以现阶段的发展过程中，就需要相关人员在发展过程中加强对施工技术的重视，避免其存在技术方面的问题。论文就从高层房屋建筑入手，浅谈其施工技术的掌握。
大跨度系杆拱连续梁拱肋拖拉临时结构设计研究
Authors: 天聪 苏
Published: May 2022

高速铁路混凝土系杆拱连续梁拱部跨高速公路常用施工方法有原位拼装法、竖转法、异位拼装平推法等，选择异桥位拼装钢管拱然后采用连续拖拉就位的方法，可避免高速公路上方进行支架搭设、拱肋吊装、拱肋焊接等安全风险，同时较原位拼装法提前工期约50d。论文依托京广特大桥（72+128+72）m连续梁拱肋拖拉施工临时结构设计及施工经验，对大跨度混大跨度系杆拱连续梁拱肋拖拉临时结构设计关键技术进行详细介绍。
Online Learning Challenges Experienced by University Students in the New York City Area During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: McClure Donald R. , Ojo Emmanuel O. , Schaefer Mary Beth , Bell David , Abrams Sandra Schamroth , Onwuegbuzie Anthony J.
Published: May 2022

This mixed methods research study explored how emergency remote teaching and learning, enacted in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, impacted university students. We asked: What, if any, challenges did students face that hindered their ability to learn successfully online? In Spring 2021, a Qualtrics survey was emailed to 1,481 undergraduate and graduate students at a university in New York City, and students were asked to forward the survey to friends in and beyond the university. A total of 254 (17.2%) responded; 59.6% were graduate students and 69.9% were full-time students. The survey had closed- and open-ended items. The open-ended item analyzed in the current study asked students to identify any online learning challenges. Responses were analyzed via a fully integrated, four-phase mixed methods analysis: constant comparison; a crossover mixed analysis by two coders that yielded an intensity-based, inter-respondent matrix of themes; descriptive-based quantitizing; and inferential-based quantitizing via a canonical correlation analysis and Fisher’s Exact Tests. The most prevalent findings were No Challenges (34.26%), Living Environment (25.93%), Technology-Related (20.37%), and Overall Learning Experiences (19.44%). Students experiencing No Challenges were statistically significantly more likely to report that they had full access to their own computer (p = .006) and reliable Internet connection (p = .001). For Living Environment, students noted major life issues that created challenges: sickness, crowded spaces, and multiple jobs, including serving as a caregiver. Technology-Related findings revealed student dissatisfaction with the online learning experience. For Overall Learning Experiences, students described their need for interactive learning experiences and responsive professors. A key conclusion is that higher education institutions should create more meaningful student learning experiences, develop student-centered pedagogies, and provide greater equity in university learning communities.
THE ECONOMIC BASIS OF WEALTH AND ITS TAXATION
Authors: Sverdan Mykhailo
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine the current problems of wealth, which is due to the current steady trends of increasing wealth and the increasing number of wealthy people. The aim of the paper is to define the essence, prerequisites for the emergence and development of wealth, as well as to reflect the historical aspects of the evolution of wealth and its present state. The topic of the article is conditioned by the necessity to reveal modern stratification of social strata by the level of wealth, formation of society's wealthy class and its growth, processes of wealth creation and multiplication. At the same time, the purpose of the article is to study wealth as an object of taxation. In this connection, the economic essence of wealth tax and prerequisites for its introduction were considered, the specifics of functioning of wealth tax in the market economy were determined, and the most important features of functioning of wealth tax were revealed. Methodology. A correct analysis of the social structure of society in terms of material well-being makes it possible to assess the efficiency of the economy and the quality of public policy in the system of creation and distribution of public income, public goods and wealth. Without the results of these calculations, fatal errors arise in the choice of state priorities of socio-economic policy and in making optimal decisions in the financial sphere. The study is based on the comparison of wealth tax data in different countries. Results. The question and modern specificity of wealth is explored. The value of wealth to society and the state is determined. Wealth tax is an effective fiscal instrument of the state in the distribution of state revenues. Wealth tax exists in many countries in various forms. Practical implications. Possibilities of increasing welfare and increasing wealth are considered. An adequate assessment of wealth and well-being will allow the state to conduct a balanced and effective socio-economic and financial policy to stabilize society and adopt a stable social order. The financial essence of the wealth tax and the prerequisites for its introduction were studied. The specifics of functioning of wealth tax in the market socially oriented economy are considered. Value/originality. It was found that wealth is a complex, multifaceted category, which can be characterized as a specific feature of the socio-economic structure of society, which determines its state, results, dynamics and trends of development. Wealth characterizes the ability to achieve a positive result (effect) in the market conditions of management and use of socio-economic potential available in the society, which indicates the level of its civilizational development. The features of functioning of wealth tax in different countries of the world are considered. The use of wealth tax as a fiscal tool in the tax system of the state was proposed.
ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES ON THE BASIS OF BIOSPHERE COMPATIBILITY
Authors: Shpakova Hanna , Shpakov Andrii
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the article is the question of creating an indicative base to determine the level of biosphere compatibility of construction market participants. Biosphere compatibility is considered as a characteristic of the processes of production, management and organization from the point of view of preservation of natural resources and ensuring sustainable development in the construction industry. The relevance of creating adaptive mechanisms of construction enterprises for the implementation of transformational changes at the micro, meso- and macrolevels has been determined. Methodology. Typical sustainability indicators were grouped and analyzed using a three-year (2018, 2019, 2020) dataset of 15 construction companies, although these indicators are universal regardless of the industry in which they apply. On the basis of these indicators, the meaningful parameters of the state of the construction enterprise system that can be obtained as a result of transformations based on biosphere compatibility have been established. The result is a model for obtaining indicators, which helps to predict and evaluate the effectiveness of sustainable transformation of the enterprise. Factors influencing the formation of the concept of urban environment production, resource use policy, energy efficiency of production and operation of the final construction products during the life cycle, the main factors influencing the formation of the environmental and economic mechanism of development of construction enterprises on the principles of biosphere compatibility are considered. Practical implications. Formation of the concept, the strategy of development of the construction industry, fully taking into account global, national, regional conditions and restraining (limiting) regressive influences, especially important in circumstances where the current circumstances of the industry sometimes contradict the principles of sustainable development. The reasons determining the transition to biosphere-compatible construction are based on generally accepted concepts of conscious consumption of resources and modified models of urban society economy that take into account the social component. Comprehensive assessment of design solutions for the construction of biosphere-mixing facilities, based on a system of not only economic factors, but also environmental and social, which corresponds to the principles of sustainable development. Value/originality. Targeted biosphere-compatible transformation of construction market participants, based on the biosphere-compatibility assessment system in this article, should become a leading tool for the development of modern cities, as it takes into account not only technological, but also social, economic and environmental aspects.
THE ETHNIC PECULIARITIES OF THE NEGOTIATION PROCESS
Authors: Аlеksiеiеvа Tеtiаnа , Khyonh Ti Lie
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the article is to determine the influence of ethnic and cultural characteristics on the successful outcome of the negotiation process. The study is based on an understanding of the cultural component of the negotiation process, national, ethnic stereotypes and the formation of national style on their basis. An important aspect to consider is the influence of cultural sensitivities on the course of negotiations, which should lead to a positive end result. Methodology. The paper used the methodology of general scientific and interdisciplinary research. The authors of the article applied methods of analysis and synthesis, research, and description. A number of scientific works on intercultural negotiations and the influence of ethnic and cultural characteristics on the negotiation process were analyzed. The result of the analysis of the cultural factor in negotiations showed that culture as a social category, covering the mentality, habits, traditions of a particular social group, directly affects the behavior and motivation of the partic-ipants in the negotiation process. In this context, national stereotypes (the gener-alized image of representatives of a particular nation) are of great importance in the parties' perception of each other. These collective traits can be both positive and negative, but more often the stereotypes are negative. Therefore, it is im-portant for participants in intercultural negotiations not only to study, but also to understand the ethnic and national characteristics of their partners, to be able to change their perception of the other culture and not to base their attitudes and actions on purely national stereotypes. Although cultural differences can make joint decision-making difficult, this factor can also have a positive impact on the end result of negotiations. More attention is paid to common interests, and as a result, the likelihood of reaching consensus is higher when the parties have strong cultural differences. In addition, an important factor influencing the conduct and outcome of negotiations is the interpreters, whose role should be not only lan-guage skills, but also the cultural context of the negotiations. Practical meaning. Cultural analysis of the negotiation process is an important element in the train-ing of negotiators and can be the key to success in achieving mutually beneficial results. Value/originality. Learning and understanding ethnic and national char-acteristics and styles is an important factor in successful negotiations and in cre-ating favorable decision-making conditions that can satisfy all parties to the ne-gotiation process.
Muslim-Consumers Behaviour in Willingness to Buy Halal Food in Japan
Authors: Ratih Inayah Swasti , Jatnika Muhammad Dzulfaqori , Sinatrya Alfadhila Khairil , Syamsiyah Nur
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of religiosity, food ingredients, halal label, knowledge, and income on the willingness of Indonesian Muslim consumers in Japan to buy Halal Food Products. The research method used is a quantitative method, using regression analysis tests. The research questionnaire was distributed to respondents who are Indonesian Muslim in Japan. The finding of this research is religiosity and food ingridients has significant influence on consumers' willingness to buy halal food products. Halal label does not have a significant effect on consumers' willingness to buy halal food products. Knowledge does not have significant effect on consumers' willingness to buy halal food products. income does not strengthen the effect of religiosity on consumers' willingness to buy halal food products. Income does not strengthen the influence of Halal label on consumers' willingness to buy halal food products. Income does not strengthen the influence of food ingredients on consumers' willingness to buy halal food products. That income does not strengthen the influence of knowledge on consumers' willingness to buy halal food products. This is first study of behavior Indonesia Muslim in Japan to be minority. The implication is to improve the development strategy of halal food products industry in Japan and to improve understanding and knowledge of halal food products. Limitations in this study is the number of respondents who are relatively few compared to the total Muslims working in Japan and only limited to Indonesian citizens.
Türkiye’de Vergi Afları Üzerine Yazılmış Olan Lisansüstü Tezlerin Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: YELMAN Ercan
Published: May 2022

Türkiye’de vergi aflarına ilişkin birçok düzenleme bulunmakla birlikte, tartışma konusu olan ve aynı zamanda bu tartışma ve düzenlemelerle sürekli gündemde olan bir konu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda vergi aflarına ilişkin birçok bilimsel eserin de ortaya çıkması kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı vergi afları üzerine yazılan lisansüstü tezlerin bibliyometrik açıdan analizini yapmaktır. Araştırmanın hedefi; vergi afları konusunda ileride tez, makale, kitap ya da bildiri vb. gibi bilimsel çalışma yapmayı düşünen araştırmacıların faydalanabileceği bir kaynak sağlamaktır. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanları kullanılarak bulgular elde edilmiş ve bu bulguların bibliyometrik açıdan analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma kapsamında elde edilen sonuçlara göre; 51 adet lisansüstü teze ulaşılmıştır. Bu tezlerin 3 tanesi doktora tezi ve 48 tanesi ise yüksek lisans tezinden oluştuğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışma sonuçları incelendiğinde vergi afları üzerine yazılan ilk tez, 1990 yılında yazılmışken zaman içerisinde bu konuya ilginin giderek arttığı görülmektedir. Özellikle 2019 yılında rekor denilecek düzeyde tez yazılmıştır. Öte yandan çalışmanın diğer sonuçları incelendiğinde ise yazılan tezlerin büyük çoğunluğunun türkçe yazıldığı, çalışma kapsamında kullanılan araştırma yöntemlerinin çoğunun nicel analiz yöntemleri olduğu, konun farklı anabilim dalları ve bilim dallarına konu olduğu sonuçlarına varılmıştır. Diğer taraftan yapılan çalışma sonucunda elde edilen diğer sonuçlara bakıldığında vergi afları konusunda çalışmak isteyen bilim insanlarına daha farklı açılardan konuyu değerlendirme noktasında önemli veriler sunmaktadır.
DEPENDENCE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LIGHT IMMERSION MICROSCOPY ON THE TIME OF INFECTING WITH BABESIASIS (BABESIA CANIS)
Authors: Gulyukin E.
Published: May 2022

As a result of the studies, it was determined that the identification of Babesia canis by
light immersion microscopy is not effective on the day the ixodid tick is detected on
the animal; however, when clinical signs appear, this method makes it possible to detect
Babesia canis in a blood smear of the animal with maximum accuracy. It was also found
during the study that the optimal time for contacting veterinary clinics to diagnose
babesiosis (piroplasmosis) by light immersion microscopy and receiving effective
treatment is 3–5 days from the time the tick was detected. But, it is worth remembering
that any tick detected on the animal does not always lead to infecting with babesiosis, but
gives occasion to pay increased attention to your pet’s health and to immediately contact
a veterinarian to provide timely and highly qualified care if any pronounced clinical sign
appear, since the number of Babesia canis increases exponentially against the time of
the animal infection. Thus, the sooner drug therapy is provided (from the moment the
symptoms appear), the higher a percent chance is to prevent a fatality
INCIDENCE OF LARVAL HELMINTHIASIS IN THE POPULATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Dimidova  , Chernikova  , Khutoryanina  , Kalyuzhina  , Tverdochlebova
Published: May 2022

In the structure of parasitic diseases, helminthiasis traditionally accounts for about
90%. Among them, a special role belongs to larval or tissue helminthiasis. In order to
further predict the level of endemic helminthiases in specific administrative territories
and develop appropriate proposals for planning and implementing preventive and antiepidemic measures, an analysis of the incidence of larval helminthiases in the population was carried out. The data of official statistics (information on infectious and parasitic diseases – form No. 2) on the incidence of larval helminthiases in the period 2016–
2020, as well as maps of epidemiological survey of cases of echinococcosis, trichinosis,
toxocariasis and dirofilariasis, received by the Reference Center by monitoring of
larval helminthiases, functioning on the basis of the FBSI "Rostov Research Institute
of Microbiology and Parasitology" of Rospotrebnadzor. It is noted that the most
unfavorable administrative territories in terms of the incidence of larval helminthiases
are currently: echinococcosis – the territories of the North Caucasus, Volga and Ural
federal districts; toxocariasis – the territories of the Ural and Siberian federal districts,
trichinosis – the territories of the Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts. Dirofilariasis
was recorded more often in the territories of the Southern and Volga federal districts.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION ON LAMBLIASIS IN ISFARA
Authors: Murtazoev  , Soliev  , Pulotov
Published: May 2022

The data of the Center for State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance for Isfara
were analyzed for 2016-2020. The data were analyzed for 1860 patients of different
ages divided into four groups. The first group included children aged 0 to 4 years,
the second group from 5 to 14, the third group from 15 to 17 and the fourth group
from 18 and older. The presented data showed that the morbidity of children aged 5
to 14 years was higher than in the adult population. In rural areas, the incidence of
lambliasis was 85.3%. Mostly children from 1 to 14 years old suffered from the disease,
they made up 90.3% of the total number of registered patients with lambliasis during
the analyzed period. Lambliasis infected mainly undisciplined children in jamoats
of Surkh, Chorku and Vorukh. The infection rate in preschool institutions was
2.9% (54 cases). Adults made up 0.9% of all patients. The prevention of lambliasis
among children involves observing the personal hygiene rules, timely detection and
treatment of patients, disinfection measures in the foci, and intensified sanitary and
educational work among the population.
ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY OF A NEW ANTIPARASITIC AGENT
Authors: Muhammadieva  , Lutfullin
Published: May 2022

The search and introduction of new pharmacological agents aimed at their safe use
in therapeutic and prophylactic measures in the fight against helminthiases of birds
remains relevant today. The purpose of this work was to study the acute oral toxicity
of the new anthelmintic agent "K-55" on white mice. The compound is a black
powder soluble in water. The drug was administered orally to mice using a clubshaped needle at doses of 500, 750, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg. The results of studying
the acute toxicity of the new pharmacological agent "K-55" on white mice showed
that with a single oral administration of it in test doses from 500 to 2000 mg/kg
during the study, the death of experimental animals and morphological changes in
the structures of organs not detected. After 14 days, the clinic of the animals of the
experimental groups did not differ from the control group. Appetite disturbance,
motor activity and toxic effect were not observed. According to GOST 12.1.007-
76 "Classification and general requirements for toxicological safety", according to
the parameters of acute toxicity, it belongs to the 3rd hazard category (moderately
hazardous substances).
IVERSAN, DOKTIL AND MACRODOX 200 FOR ASCARIASIS, STRONGYLOIDOSIS AND OESOPHAGOSTOMIASIS OF PIGS
Authors: Novak M. , Novak A. , Engashev  , Kiselev
Published: May 2022

In a commercial pig farm, unfavorable for ascariasis, strongyloidosis and
oesophagostomiasis, researches have been conducted to study the effectiveness of
the complex use of the avermectin parasiticide Iversan and the antibiotics Doctil,
Macrodox 200. The previously obtained results confirm the relief of migratory
forms of bronchopneumonia and enterocolitis of nematode etiology with threetime administration of the drug Iversan solution by the group method with water.
But in cases of massive invasions and the subsequent severe course of diseases
with complication by bacterial infection, complex therapy of piglets is necessary.
Studies have shown that the use of antibiotics Doctil (Doxycycline hydrochloride
– a semi-synthetic drug of the tetracycline group + Tylosin tartrate – macrolide)
and Macrodox 200 (a similar composition) at intervals of 3 and 5 days after the
course of treatment with Iversan, contributes to a faster recovery and optimization
of the rehabilitation period. In a clinical study of animals of experimental groups,
an improvement in general condition, an increase in appetite, the absence of cough,
cessation of diarrhea, as well as a gradual increase in weight gain was noted. Timely
prescribed complex therapy of piglets with migratory forms of bronchopneumonia
and enterocolitis of ascarian, strongyloid and esophagostomous etiology can
significantly reduce the mortality. The group method of prescribing medications
with water reduces the risk of stress. The developed treatment regimen, along with
veterinary and sanitary measures, should be used in pig breeding enterprises that are
disadvantaged by ascariasis, strongyloidosis and oesophagostomiasis.
PARASITOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF FOREST PARK ZONES OF THE CITY OF KURSK (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOLYANKA TRACT)
Authors: Samofalova  , Malysheva  , Vagin
Published: May 2022

The Solyanka tract is a large forest area that adjoins the southern part of the
city of Kursk. The forest park area is of great recreational importance, as it is an
attractive place for citizens to relax. The article presents the results of parasitological
studies of the soil of the Solyanka tract. In the course of the work carried out,
the unsatisfactory condition of environmental objects was revealed according to
parasitological indicators. Studies of 378 soil samples, the selection of which was
carried out at three sites, showed the presence of parasitic agents in 117 (30.9%).
Eggs of Toxocara canis, Dipylidium caninum, Trichocephalus vulpis were found in the
soil. The dominant in frequency of occurrence was the species Toxocara canis. The
soil on the territory of the forest park zone located close to the residential complex
turned out to be the most unfavorable in parasitological terms. The extensiveness of
its contamination with pathogens of parasitic diseases was 34.8%. Analysis of the results of parasitological studies of the soil of the Solyanka tract showed that the
highest percentage of positive samples (30.6%) was recorded in 2020, which is 1.3
more than in 2021. To determine the role of domestic animals in the contamination
of the soil of the forest park zone, 126 samples of depersonalized dog feces were
studied; T. canis eggs were found in 60.0% of cases. According to the research
results, it was found that the main sources of invasive material entering the soil of the
territory of the tract are dogs. The presence of pathogens of intestinal parasitosis in
the soil of the forest park zone poses a potential threat to public health.
EFFECTIVE REMEDY AGAINST COCCIDIA OOCYSTS IN FUR-BEARING ANIMALS
Authors: Safiullin R. T. , Safiullin R. R.
Published: May 2022

We studied the efficacy of Isodez in different concentrations consisting of two active
substances and excipients at a dose of 0.5 L/m2
at a 2-hour exposure against Coccidia
oocysts in foxes and Arctic foxes in environmental objects. The experiments were
performed in the Institute Laboratory and on one of the Moscow Region fur farms
in 2019–2020. Under production conditions, the efficacy of Isodez 6% against
Coccidia oocysts in the foxes and Arctic foxes was determined by their artificial
laying on experimental sites. When the fur animals were artificially infected with
these protozoa, the intense-effectiveness (IE) of Isodez was 92.6 and 96.7% at its 5%
concentration, 100% at 6% and 7% concentrations, and 64.7–84.5% of the Phenol
solution (basic drug) at 5% concentration, respectively. Under the production
conditions, the IE of a 6% Isodez solution reached 94.8% at a dose of 0.5 L/m2
and a 2-hour-exposure against Coccidia oocysts in the foxes and Arctic foxes. The
results obtained in the experiment and under production conditions make it possible
to recommend Isodez consisting of benzalkonium chloride, formaldehyde and
surfactants for disinvasion of environmental objects against Coccidia oocysts of the
foxes and Arctic foxes.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIROFILARIASIS PATHOGENS IN INTERMEDIATE HOSTS, BLOOD-SUCKING MOSQUITOES (REVIEW)
Authors: Serkova
Published: May 2022

Dirofilariasis is a transmissible parasitic disease caused by helminths Dirofilaria
repens and D. immitis. Vectors of pathogens are blood-sucking mosquitoes (Diptera,
Culicidae). Climate change, urbanization, and importation of exotic mosquito
species into the territory of Russia lead to the expansion of the Dirofilaria vector
range and, consequently, an increase in the incidence of the disease among the
population and animals. The purpose of this research was to study the literature data
on factors of the dirofilariasis pathogen development in blood-sucking mosquitoes.
An important factor in the development of Dirofilaria from the larval stage to the
invasive stage is an optimal environmental temperature, the average daily value of
which should not be less than 130. This number is referred to as the "Dirofilaria
Development Unit (DDU)". The immune response of the insect plays an important
role in the helminth development in the intermediate host. Melanin, which is
produced by mosquito hemocytes, forms a capsule around the larvae thus preventing
their maturation. However, the extent of this response depends on the phenoloxidase
enzyme and the age of the mosquito. The symbiotic intracellular Wolbachia bacteria
found in Dirofilaria are essential for the helminth development in mosquitoes. But
no information has currently been found on interaction between mosquito immunity
and these bacteria in the literature; although a correlation has been found between
the mosquito infected with the bacteria and the probability of infection transmitted
by them.