bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autism screening at 18 months of age: a comparison of the Q-CHAT-10 and M-CHAT screeners
Authors: Sturner Raymond , Howard Barbara , Bergmann Paul , Attar Shana , Stewart-Artz Lydia , Bet Kerry , Allison Carrie , Baron-Cohen Simon
Published: January 2022

Background

Autism screening is recommended at 18- and 24-month pediatric well visits. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers—Revised (M-CHAT-R) authors recommend a follow-up interview (M-CHAT-R/F) when positive. M-CHAT-R/F may be less accurate for 18-month-olds than 24-month-olds and accuracy for identification prior to two years is not known in samples that include children screening negative. Since autism symptoms may emerge gradually, ordinally scoring items based on the full range of response options, such as in the 10-item version of the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT-10), might better capture autism signs than the dichotomous (i.e., yes/no) items in M-CHAT-R or the pass/fail scoring of Q-CHAT-10 items. The aims of this study were to determine and compare the accuracy of the M-CHAT-R/F and the Q-CHAT-10 and to describe the accuracy of the ordinally scored Q-CHAT-10 (Q-CHAT-10-O) for predicting autism in a sample of children who were screened at 18 months.

Methods

This is a community pediatrics validation study with screen positive (n = 167) and age- and practice-matched screen negative children (n = 241) recruited for diagnostic evaluations completed prior to 2 years old.

Clinical diagnosis of autism was based on results of in-person diagnostic autism evaluations by research reliable testers blind to screening results and using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule—Second Edition (ADOS-2) Toddler Module and Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) per standard guidelines.

Results

While the M-CHAT-R/F had higher specificity and PPV compared to M-CHAT-R, Q-CHAT-10-O showed higher sensitivity than M-CHAT-R/F and Q-CHAT-10.

Limitations

Many parents declined participation and the sample is over-represented by higher educated parents. Results cannot be extended to older ages.

Conclusions

Limitations of the currently recommended two-stage M-CHAT-R/F at the 18-month visit include low sensitivity with minimal balancing benefit of improved PPV from the follow-up interview. Ordinal, rather than dichotomous, scoring of autism screening items appears to be beneficial at this age. The Q-CHAT-10-O with ordinal scoring shows advantages to M-CHAT-R/F with half the number of items, no requirement for a follow-up interview, and improved sensitivity. Yet, Q-CHAT-10-O sensitivity is less than M-CHAT-R (without follow-up) and specificity is less than the two-stage procedure. Such limitations are consistent with recognition that screening needs to recur beyond this age.
Rescuing epileptic and behavioral alterations in a Dravet syndrome mouse model by inhibiting eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K)
Authors: Beretta Stefania , Gritti Laura , Ponzoni Luisa , Scalmani Paolo , Mantegazza Massimo , Sala Mariaelvina , Verpelli Chiara , Sala Carlo
Published: January 2022

Background

Dravet Syndrome is a severe childhood pharmaco-resistant epileptic disorder mainly caused by mutations in the SCN1A gene, which encodes for the α1 subunit of the type I voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV1.1), that causes imbalance between excitation and inhibition in the brain. We recently found that eEF2K knock out mice displayed enhanced GABAergic transmission and tonic inhibition and were less susceptible to epileptic seizures. Thus, we investigated the effect of inhibition of eEF2K on the epileptic and behavioral phenotype of Scn1a ± mice, a murine model of Dravet Syndrome.

Methods

To elucidate the role of eEF2K pathway in the etiopathology of Dravet syndrome we generated a new mouse model deleting the eEF2K gene in Scn1a ± mice. By crossing Scn1a ± mice with eEF2K−/− mice we obtained the three main genotypes needed for our studies, Scn1a+/+ eEF2K+/+ (WT mice), Scn1a ± eEF2K+/+ mice (Scn1a ± mice) and Scn1a ± eEF2K−/− mice, that were fully characterized for EEG and behavioral phenotype. Furthermore, we tested the ability of a pharmacological inhibitor of eEF2K in rescuing EEG alterations of the Scn1a ± mice.

Results

We showed that the activity of eEF2K/eEF2 pathway was enhanced in Scn1a ± mice. Then, we demonstrated that both genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of eEF2K were sufficient to ameliorate the epileptic phenotype of Scn1a ± mice. Interestingly we also found that motor coordination defect, memory impairments, and stereotyped behavior of the Scn1a ± mice were reverted by eEF2K deletion. The analysis of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) suggested that the rescue of the pathological phenotype was driven by the potentiation of GABAergic synapses.

Limitations

Even if we found that eEF2K deletion was able to increase inhibitory synapses function, the molecular mechanism underlining the inhibition of eEF2K/eEF2 pathway in rescuing epileptic and behavioral alterations in the Scn1a ± needs further investigations.

Conclusions

Our data indicate that pharmacological inhibition of eEF2K could represent a novel therapeutic intervention for treating epilepsy and related comorbidities in the Dravet syndrome.
Postoperative dysphagia caused by a delay in mandibular fracture treatment in a patient with severe intellectual disability: a case report
Authors: Yamamoto Shinsuke , Nashi Masanori , Maeda Keigo , Taniike Naoki , Takenobu Toshihiko
Published: January 2022

Background

The postoperative complications of mandibular fracture include malocclusion, infection, nonunion, osteomyelitis, and sensorial mental nerve dysfunction. However, there are no reports regarding postoperative dysphagia as a complication of mandibular fracture. Herein, we report a rare case of postoperative dysphagia caused by delayed mandibular fracture treatment in a patient with severe intellectual disability.

Case presentation

A 46-year-old Japanese male patient with severe intellectual disability fell down and struck his chin. The patient was referred to our department 10 days after the accident. Upon examination, he could not close his mouth because of severe left mandibular body fracture. Open reduction and internal fixation was performed under general anesthesia 16 days after sustaining the injury, and normal occlusion was eventually achieved. However, the patient could not swallow well a day after surgery. He was then diagnosed with postoperative dysphagia caused by disuse atrophy of muscles for swallowing based on videoendoscopic examination findings. Adequate dysphagia rehabilitation could not be facilitated because of the patient’s mental status. Postoperative dysphagia did not improve 21 days after surgery. Therefore, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was required.

Conclusions

The treatment course of the patient had two important implications. First, postoperative dysphagia caused by disuse atrophy may occur if treatment is delayed in severe mandibular body fracture. Second, in particular, if a patient with severe intellectual disability develops postoperative dysphagia caused by disuse atrophy, adequate dysphagia rehabilitation cannot be facilitated, and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy may be required. Therefore, early open reduction and internal fixation is required for mandibular fracture in a patient with severe intellectual disability.
Sex and age interaction in fundamental circulatory volumetric variables at peak working capacity
Authors: Diaz-Canestro Candela , Montero David
Published: January 2022

Background

Whether the fundamental hematological and cardiac variables determining cardiorespiratory fitness and their intrinsic relationships are modulated by major constitutional factors, such as sex and age remains unresolved.

Methods

Transthoracic echocardiography, central hemodynamics and pulmonary oxygen (O2) uptake were assessed in controlled conditions during submaximal and peak exercise (cycle ergometry) in 85 healthy young (20–44 year) and older (50–77) women and men matched by age-status and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels. Main outcomes such as peak left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDVpeak), stroke volume (SVpeak), cardiac output (Qpeak) and O2 uptake (VO2peak), as well as blood volume (BV), BV–LVEDVpeak and LVEDVpeak–SVpeak relationships were determined with established methods.

Results

All individuals were non-smokers and non-obese, and MVPA levels were similar between sex and age groups (P ≥ 0.140). BV per kg of body weight did not differ between sexes (P ≥ 0.118), but was reduced with older age in men (P = 0.018). Key cardiac parameters normalized by body size (LVEDVpeak, SVpeak, Qpeak) were decreased in women compared with men irrespective of age (P ≤ 0.046). Older age per se curtailed Qpeak (P ≤ 0.022) due to lower heart rate (P < 0.001). In parallel, VO2peak was reduced with older age in both sexes (P < 0.001). The analysis of fundamental circulatory relationships revealed that older women require a higher BV for a given LVEDVpeak than older men (P = 0.024).

Conclusions

Sex and age interact on the crucial circulatory relationship between total circulating BV and peak cardiac filling, with older women necessitating more BV to fill the exercising heart than age- and physical activity-matched men.
Sex differences in coronary angiographic findings in patients with stable chest pain: analysis of data from the KoRean wOmen’S chest pain rEgistry (KoROSE)
Authors: Kim Hack-Lyoung , Kim Hyun-Jin , Kim Mina , Park Sang Min , Yoon Hyun Ju , Byun Young Sup , Park Seong Mi , Shin Mi Seung , Hong Kyung-Soon , Kim Myung-A
Published: January 2022

Background

Focused evaluations on potential sex differences in the angiographic findings of the coronary arteries are scarce. This study was performed to compare the angiographic extent and localization of coronary stenosis between men and women.

Methods

A total of 2348 patients (mean age 62.5 years and 60% women) with stable chest pain undergoing invasive coronary angiography (CAG) were recruited from the database of the nation-wide chest pain registry. Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) was defined as ≥ 50% stenosis of the left main coronary artery and/or ≥ 70% stenosis of any other epicardial coronary arteries.

Results

Although women were older than men (64.4 ± 10.3 vs. 59.5 ± 11.4 years,P < 0.001), men had worse risk profiles including high blood pressure, more frequent smoking and elevated triglyceride and C-reactive protein. The prevalence of obstructive CAD was significantly higher in men than in women (37.0% vs. 28.4%,P < 0.001). Men had a higher prevalence of LM disease (10.3% vs. 3.5%,P < 0.001) and three-vessel disease (16.1% vs. 9.5%,P = 0.007) compared to women. In multiple binary logistic regression analysis, the risk of men having LM disease or three-vessel disease was 7.4 (95% confidence interval 3.48–15.97;P < 0.001) and 2.7 (95% confidence interval 1.57–4.64;P < 0.001) times that of women, respectively, even after controlling for potential confounders.

Conclusions

In patients with chest pain undergoing invasive CAG, men had higher obstructive CAD prevalence and more high-risk angiographic findings such as LM disease or three-vessel disease.
A technique for non-intrusive greedy piecewise-rational model reduction of frequency response problems over wide frequency bands
Authors: Pradovera Davide , Nobile Fabio
Published: January 2022

In the field of model order reduction for frequency response problems, the minimal rational interpolation (MRI) method has been shown to be quite effective. However, in some cases, numerical instabilities may arise when applying MRI to build a surrogate model over a large frequency range, spanning several orders of magnitude. We propose a strategy to overcome these instabilities, replacing an unstable global MRI surrogate with a union of stable local rational models. The partitioning of the frequency range into local frequency sub-ranges is performed automatically and adaptively, and is complemented by a (greedy) adaptive selection of the sampled frequencies over each sub-range. We verify the effectiveness of our proposed method with two numerical examples.
Enhancing energy efficiency for cellular-assisted vehicular networks by online learning-based mmWave beam selection
Authors: Gui Jinsong , Liu Yao
Published: January 2022

Millimeter Wave (mmWave) technology has been regarded as a feasible approach for future vehicular communications. Nevertheless, high path loss and penetration loss raise severe questions on mmWave communications. These problems can be mitigated by directional communication, which is not easy to achieve in highly dynamic vehicular communications. The existing works addressed the beam alignment problem by designing online learning-based mmWave beam selection schemes, which can be well adapted to high dynamic vehicular scenarios. However, this kind of work focuses on network throughput rather than network energy efficiency, which ignores the consideration of energy consumption. Therefore, we propose an Energy efficiency-based FML (EFML) scheme to compensate for this shortfall. In EFML, the energy consumption is reduced as far as possible under the premise of meeting the basic data rate requirements of vehicle users, and the users requesting the same content in close proximity can be organized into the same receiving group to share the same mmWave beam. The simulation results demonstrate that, compare with the comparison method with best energy efficiency, the proposed EFML improves energy efficiency by 17–41% in different scenarios.
Windowed linear canonical transform: its relation to windowed Fourier transform and uncertainty principles
Authors: Bahri Mawardi
Published: January 2022

The windowed linear canonical transform is a natural extension of the classical windowed Fourier transform using the linear canonical transform. In the current work, we first remind the reader about the relation between the windowed linear canonical transform and windowed Fourier transform. It is shown that useful relation enables us to provide different proofs of some properties of the windowed linear canonical transform, such as the orthogonality relation, inversion theorem, and complex conjugation. Lastly, we demonstrate some new results concerning several generalizations of the uncertainty principles associated with this transformation.
The Mars system revealed by the Martian Moons eXploration mission
Authors: Ogohara Kazunori , Nakagawa Hiromu , Aoki Shohei , Kouyama Toru , Usui Tomohiro , Terada Naoki , Imamura Takeshi , Montmessin Franck , Brain David , Doressoundiram Alain , Gautier Thomas , Hara Takuya , Harada Yuki , Ikeda Hitoshi , Koike Mizuho , Leblanc François , Ramirez Ramses , Sawyer Eric , Seki Kanako , Spiga Aymeric , Vandaele Ann Carine , Yokota Shoichiro , Barucci Antonella , Kameda Shingo
Published: January 2022

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) plans a Phobos sample return mission (MMX: Martian Moons eXploration). In this study, we review the related works on the past climate of Mars, its evolution, and the present climate and weather to describe the scientific goals and strategies of the MMX mission regarding the evolution of the Martian surface environment. The MMX spacecraft will retrieve and return a sample of Phobos regolith back to Earth in 2029. Mars ejecta are expected to be accumulated on the surface of Phobos without being much shocked. Samples from Phobos probably contain all types of Martian rock from sedimentary to igneous covering all geological eras if ejecta from Mars could be accumulated on the Phobos surface. Therefore, the history of the surface environment of Mars can be restored by analyzing the returned samples. Remote sensing of the Martian atmosphere and monitoring ions escaping to space while the spacecraft is orbiting Mars in the equatorial orbit are also planned. The camera with multi-wavelength filters and the infrared spectrometer onboard the spacecraft can monitor rapid transport processes of water vapor, dust, ice clouds, and other species, which could not be traced by the previous satellites on the sun-synchronous polar orbit. Such time-resolved pictures of the atmospheric phenomena should be an important clue to understand both the processes of water exchange between the surface/underground reservoirs and the atmosphere and the drivers of efficient material transport to the upper atmosphere. The mass spectrometer with unprecedented mass resolution can observe ions escaping to space and monitor the atmospheric escape which has made the past Mars to evolve towards the cold and dry surface environment we know today. Together with the above two instruments, it can potentially reveal what kinds of atmospheric events can transport tracers (e.g., H2O) upward and enhance the atmospheric escape.

Graphical Abstract
The MMX rover: performing in situ surface investigations on Phobos
Authors: Michel Patrick , Ulamec Stephan , Böttger Ute , Grott Matthias , Murdoch Naomi , Vernazza Pierre , Sunday Cecily , Zhang Yun , Valette Rudy , Castellani Romain , Biele Jens , Tardivel Simon , Groussin Olivier , Jorda Laurent , Knollenberg Jörg , Grundmann Jan Thimo , Arrat Denis , Pont Gabriel , Mary Stephane , Grebenstein Markus , Miyamoto Hirdy , Nakamura Tomoki , Wada Koji , Yoshikawa Kent , Kuramoto Kiyoshi
Published: January 2022

The Japanese MMX sample return mission to Phobos by JAXA will carry a rover developed by CNES and DLR that will be deployed on Phobos to perform in situ analysis of the Martian moon’s surface properties. Past images of the surface of Phobos show that it is covered by a layer of regolith. However, the mechanical and compositional properties of this regolith are poorly constrained. In particular, from current remote images, very little is known regarding the particle sizes, their chemical composition, the packing density of the regolith as well as other parameters such as friction and cohesion that influence surface dynamics. Understanding the properties and dynamics of the regolith in the low-gravity environment of Phobos is important to trace back its history and surface evolution. Moreover, this information is also important to support the interpretation of data obtained by instruments onboard the main MMX spacecraft, and to minimize the risks involved in the spacecraft sampling operations. The instruments onboard the Rover are a Raman spectrometer (RAX), an infrared radiometer (miniRad), two forward-looking cameras for navigation and science purposes (NavCams), and two cameras observing the interactions of regolith and the rover wheels (WheelCams). The Rover will be deployed before the MMX spacecraft samples Phobos’ surface and will be the first rover to drive on the surface of a Martian moon and in a very low gravity environment.

Graphic Abstract
World-level ecologists in Chile: Oldtimers, newcomers, and the bypassed
Authors: Rau Jaime R. , Jaksic Fabian M.
Published: January 2022

Background

A team of 3 scientometrists led by John Ioannidis published in 2020 an extensive and updated database (ca. 6.9 million researchers in 22 disciplines and 176 sub-disciplines), ordering them according to a composite bibliometric index that measures their whole trajectory (career-long) impact and their annual impact at year 2019. They reported the top 100,000 scientists (1.45% across all disciplinary fields) or the top 2% of each subfield discipline, thus publishing the ranking of ca. 150,000 researchers worldwide.

Methods and findings

We filtered that information for the disciplinary and sub-disciplinary areas corresponding to Ecology and identified a total of 14 ecologists with residence in Chile that appear in either of those two worldwide rankings. We report their measured productivity as both whole trajectory (career-long) and as annual impact at year 2019. We attribute their high registered productivity to their training at the doctoral level in prestigious foreign universities, their academic positions in internationally recognized Chilean universities, and their participation in state-funded research centers of scientific excellence. Exceptions to the rule are presented.

Conclusions

The 14 ecologists identified with the scientometric algorithm proposed by Ioannidis and coworkers include, but are not restricted, to the most cited ecologists in Chile. We put forth possible reasons for some puzzling omissions from these rankings.
Emborrhoid technique performed on a patient with portal hypertension and chronic hemorrhoidal bleeding as a salvage therapy
Authors: Alves e Sousa Filipa , Lopes Pedro Marinho , Mónica Inês Bolais , Carvalho Ana Catarina , Sousa Pedro
Published: January 2022

Background

Hemorrhoidal disease most commonly manifests itself with chronic rectal bleeding and, in its most severe and refractory forms, may lead to chronic anaemia with the need for recurrent blood transfusions. The main pathogenetic mechanism involved seems to be arterial hyperflux in the terminal branches that supply the hemorrhoidal plexus. It is based on this principle, that embolization of the superior rectal artery (emborrhoid technique) has recently re-emerged, with very promising results that support its feasibility, treatment efficacy, and safety.

Case presentation

We report a case of a patient with both recurrent hemorrhoidal bleeding and portal hypertension with rectal varices, who underwent SRA embolization as a salvage therapy, with significant clinical improvement and no immediate or short-term complications.

Conclusions

We believe that the positive results from our case raise the possibility that the emborrhoid technique could be effective and safe even in patients with portal hypertension, and that it would be clinically relevant to investigate this hypothesis on larger samples with a longer follow-up.
Comparing the effects of propofol and ketamine on the emergence agitation of male children undergoing circumcision
Authors: Coşkun Ayşenur Sümer
Published: January 2022

Background

Separation from the family, prolonged hunger, inability to perceive the surgical procedure performed, and feeling pain are among the main reasons for agitation in young children. In operations like circumcision, in which all bodily integrity is disrupted and children cannot make sense of it and feel punished, this agitation increases. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of propofol and ketamine on the emergence agitation (EA) in children undergoing circumcision.

Result

When the patients were taken to post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), no statistically significant difference was observed between propofol and ketamine groups in the Aono’s four-point scale at minute 0 (p = 0.073). In the 5th minute, it was higher in the ketamine group compared to the propofol group (p < 0.001). With Aono’s four-point scale, EA diagnosis is made in areas with 3 and 4 points. The average Aono’s four-point scale in the ketamine group at the 5th minute was 3.08 ± 1.02. Since the Modified Steward score was ≥ 6, the time taken was longer in the ketamine group compared to the propofol group (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

EA does not only occur in inhalational anesthetics, it is also seen with ketamine. In view of the fact that ketamine can cause EA in children, it should not be used alone in anesthesia. Propofol provides a safe anesthesia. Instead of inhalational anesthesia, where the type of surgery is suitable, anesthesia with propofol infusion should be applied. Further research is required to investigate EA.
Reduction in blood product transfusion requirements with early on-ECMO repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Niemiec Stephen M. , Louiselle Amanda E. , Phillips Ryan , Hilton Sarah A. , Derderian Sarkis C. , Zaretsky Michael V. , Galan Henry L. , Behrendt Nicholas , Kinsella John P. , Liechty Kenneth W. , Gien Jason
Published: January 2022

Background

For infants with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) stabilized with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), early repair on ECMO improves outcome; however when compared to operative repair after ECMO, repair on ECMO is associated with increase bleeding risk and need for blood product transfusions.

Methods

A retrospective review of 54 patients with CDH placed on ECMO prior to CDH repair was performed. For the subset of patients repaired on ECMO, analysis comparing those repaired early (within 48 h of cannulation) and late (beyond 48 h) on ECMO was performed. Outcomes of interest included survival to discharge, days on ECMO, and postoperative blood product utilization.

Results

When compared to those patients repaired prior to 48 h of ECMO initiation, 57.7% of patients survived versus 40.9% of late repair patients. For those repaired early, blood product utilization was significantly less. Early repair patients received a median of 72 mL/kg packed red blood cells (PRBC) and 75 mL/kg platelets compared to 151.9 mL/kg and 98.7 mL/kg, respectively (p < 0.05 respectively). There was no difference in median days on ECMO (p = 0.38).

Conclusion

Our data supports prior reports of improved outcome with repair with 48 h of ECMO initiation and suggests early repair on ECMO is associated with less bleeding and decreased blood product requirement in the postoperative period.
A Course-Based Teaching Experience for STEM Undergraduates Improves Student Perceptions of Teaching Self-Efficacy and Attitudes Toward Teaching Careers
Authors: Bush Seth , Calloway Ashley , Bush Emily , Himelblau Ed
Published: January 2022

In the Learn By Doing Lab, STEM majors teach hands-on science to third- through eighth-grade students visiting the campus. Participants develop confidence in their ability to teach science and a more positive view of the teaching profession. Participants recognize that the experience builds 21st-century competencies.
A Statistical Physics approach to a multi-channel Wigner spiked model
Authors: Alberici Diego , Camilli Francesco , Contucci Pierluigi , Mingione Emanuele
Published: January 2022

In this letter we present a finite temperature approach to a high-dimensional inference problem, the Wigner spiked model, with group-dependent signal-to-noise ratios. For two classes of convex and non-convex network architectures the error in the reconstruction is described in terms of the solution of a mean-field spin-glass on the Nishimori line. In the cases studied the order parameters do not fluctuate and are the solution of finite dimensional variational problems. The deep architecture is optimized in order to confine the high temperature phase where reconstruction fails.
Heterogeneous investments induced by emotions promote cooperation in public goods games
Authors: Long Hui , Gong Rizhao , Yao Jiaqian
Published: January 2022

Emotion plays an important role in heterogeneous investments and has some direct effects on the cooperation behaviour of a player in a public goods game (PGG). How this irrational factor affects the heterogeneous investments and what level of cooperation is present in players with emotions are still unknown to us. Here, the heterogeneous investments induced by emotions into a PGG were introduced. The emotional index was firstly quantified by considering a memory-cumulative effect, and then an investment formula was proposed based on this emotional index. At last, the effect of emotions on the cooperation behaviour in a PGG was investigated. Results show that the heterogeneous investments induced by emotions can improve cooperation significantly in a PGG, and that an increase of the memory length, the emotional increment, or the memory discounting factor can improve the cooperation level.
Qual o futuro das ciências humanas e sociais no Brasil?
Authors: Missiatto Leandro Aparecido Fonseca , Missiatto Héverton Magno
Published: January 2022

Este ensaio discute o futuro das ciências humanas e sociais no Brasil a partir de uma análise do seu passado e presente. Utiliza como sustentação teórico-metodológica o pensamento decolonial. Entendem que o longo passado colonial implicou na colonialidade do saber expressa no campo das ciências humanas e sociais que possuem sua gênese no Brasil em uma crise identitária demarcada pelo apego às teorias eurocêntricas e norte-cêntricas. O futuro consiste na ruptura com a colonialidade do saber nas ciências a partir da construção de uma ciência encarnada na realidade social das minorias. Para tanto, é preciso decolonizar as instituições, e os meios de difusão e legitimação do conhecimento científico.
contribuição de Leopold von Ranke para as Relações Internacionais na Questão Oriental
Authors: Venancio Moreira Viviane
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo rastreia a relação de Leopold von Ranke com o contexto diplomático de seu tempo através dos conceitos de balança de poder e de grandes poderes, relacionando-os com sua expressão na Questão Oriental. O objetivo é compreender como os textos de Ranke estabelecem um diálogo com seu tempo no que diz respeito à concepção de Europa e de comunidade internacional. Essa forma de compreender as relações internacionais relaciona-se diretamente com o novo arranjo geopolítico depois da Revolução Francesa e da crescente ameaça de dissolução colocada pelo Império Otomano no século XIX, sendo ambos os tópicos presentes na obra de Ranke.
Capitais, mercadorias e escravos: Uma sociedade mercantil lisboeta em Angola (1756-1761)
Authors: Elli Moreno
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo busca analisar uma carregação de uma sociedade mercantil atuante em Angola, na segunda metade do século XVIII. Primeiramente, procuro dar ênfase à organização dos agentes comerciais e como o negócio era repartido entre seus sócios, em seguida, a alguns bens que, notadamente, eram essenciais na aquisição de escravizados em África, como é o caso dos manufaturados têxteis e das bebidas alcoólicas. Pretende-se, neste sentido, discutir a importância que algumas mercadorias tinham, a despeito de outras, dentro do tráfico de escravos na África Centro-Ocidental.
Pensando as relações entre música e História
Authors: Fernandes Afonso Luís Fellipe
Published: January 2022

Por muito tempo, as pesquisas da História da música no Brasil focaram suas análises nas letras, usando-as como importante meio de se entender uma sociedade. Com isso, a canção foi colocada como o reflexo do pensamento de certo grupo social. Porém, essas visões limitavam o potencial de exploração que ela pode nos fornecer. Este artigo propõe discutir algumas formas de se trabalhar com essa fonte, deixando de vê-la apenas como algo passivo, mas também como um lugar onde as relações sociais são reformuladas. A ideia desse texto não é esgotar as possibilidades de exame sobre o tema, mas de apresentar autores que trazem olhares diferentes sobre a forma de se trabalhar a música, podendo ajudar em futuras pesquisas e nas atividades em sala de aula.
‘mulheres de barro’: pesquisa e ensino de história das mulheres amazônidas
Authors: PEDROSA CLEUDINEIA ELIAS DA SILVA PEDROSA
Published: January 2022

Historicizar os saberes produzidos por quatro mulheres e colocá-las como sujeitas de um processo histórico, rompendo com uma historiografia tradicional, na qual o pensamento patriarcal e machista são marcas predominantes de dominação do masculino sobre o feminino foi o objetivo que tentei traçar ao iniciar minha pesquisa de mestrado. Dispus-me a analisar o trabalho realizado por um grupo de artesãs e a possibilidade de uma aprendizagem crítica por estudantes da Escola Estadual Marluce Massariol de Sousa, localizada na cidade de Parauapebas, no estado do Pará. As histórias dessas mulheres artesãs permitiram dar visibilidade acadêmica a elas, potencializando a utilização dessas biografias como aporte para aprendizagem da História Local, além de possibilitar uma reflexão paradigmática na tentativa de decolonização do currículo, do ensino de História e da valorização do espaço e da localidade, para a conscientização desse protagonismo histórico feminino.
Mulheres Visíveis: construindo um repositório digital a partir do Acervo do CPDOC
Authors: De Luna Cavalcanti Barros Vitória Regina , Mehl Domingues Kucuruza Gabriela , Silveira Werneck Tavares Nathália , Guimarães Flores Luiz Felipe , Caroline Arantes Mesquita Lela
Published: January 2022

O Projeto de Iniciação Científica Voluntária “Mulheres Visíveis: atuação política feminina a partir do Acervo do CPDOC” surgiu a partir da discussão sobre como a presença majoritária de homens no Acervo do Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil (CPDOC) deu pouca visibilidade para a atuação das mulheres na História Brasileira no pós-1930. Objetivou-se, então, estruturar e visibilizar os dados das mulheres presentes no Acervo. Como um projeto-piloto, uma parcela dos dados foi organizada e, com isso, um repositório digital foi construído através da plataforma Omeka.net. Isso possibilitou o uso das Humanidades Digitais para a difusão da presença das mulheres no Acervo do CPDOC.
Non-invasive diagnostic methods of the liver fibrosis in patients with overweigh and obesity
Authors: Gavryliuk Nadiia , Hospodarskyy Ihor , Prokopchuk Oksana , Namisniak Olga , Havrylyuk Mykhailo
Published: January 2022

One of the biggest problems of modern medicine is the difficulty in early diagnostic and effective treatment of HCV infection due to its wide distribution, latent form and terrible consequences as a formation of liver cirrhosis (CP) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is important to mention, that the rate of progression of liver fibrosis. It is an important medical and social problem that the number of patients with NAFLD, overweight and obesity is constantly increases [9]. Due to the high prevalence of NAFLD and CHC, these two pathologies will progress and contribute to the progression of fibrosis, and depending on the genome of the virus and metabolic syndrome. There is a high risk of developing CP and HCC even after achieving a stable virological response.The main aim of our investigation was to assess the stages of fibrosis by using non-invasive methods for patients with overweight and obesity who being treated for HCV infection (with posthepatic fibrosis).
Evaluation and optimization of the use of tourist resources of the region
Authors: Tsestsiv Diana Stepanivna
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Assessing the potential of tourist resources on the basis of sound methodology is an important step in developing measures to optimize the use of tourist potential of the region.     The aim of the study. The purpose of the study is to improve and adapt the methodology for assessing the potential of tourist resources in the region, as well as its testing on the example of Vinnytsia region of Ukraine.     Materials and methods. Based on O. Beidyk’s method of scoring the tourist and recreational potential of the region and the results of a study by a number of other authors formed a method of assessing the potential of tourist resources adapted for Vinnytsia region. Methods of mathematical statistics and cartographic, as well as the method of zoning are used.     Results. The potential of tourist resources of administrative districts of Vinnytsia region is analyzed, the geospatial organization of tourist destinations is investigated and tourist zoning is carried out. A system of regional policy measures differentiated by selected subregions has been developed to optimize the use of tourist resources.     Conclusions. Based on the study of the geospatial organization of tourist resources of Vinnytsia region, ways to optimize them are proposed, including the development and expansion of a network of excursion routes; expansion of the network of accommodation establishments; formation of a network of medical and health institutions; updating the material and technical base of sanatoriums; improvement of transport infrastructure, in particular highways; wider attraction of foreign tourists; optimization of recreational use of the river network; intensification of development and expansion of the network of rural tourism estates.
Prolonged intravenous infusion therapy of lidocaine in treatment of chronic venous insufficiency in C6 and C6R stage
Authors: Kolomiets O.
Published: January 2022

Chronic venous disease (CEAP stage C2 - C3) is found in approximately 25% of the population, and trophic skin changes, including leg ulcers (C4 - C6), up to 5%.The aim of the work was to develop an effective dose and concentration of lidocaine and the optimal method of its administration for the treatment of chronic venous disease in the stage of active trophic wounds and accelerate the healing process.Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 97 patients with chronic venous insufficiency in stage C6 and C6r were evaluated, which were divided into two clinical groups: retrospective (n= 50) in which classical surgical treatment was performed (Coquette veins ligation, Narat phlebectomy) and prospective (n=47) in which classical surgical intervention (crossectomy + Bebcock and / or Narat phlebectomy) was used in combination with the prolonged intravenous infusion therapy of lidocaine.Research results and their discussion. In the period of 3-6 months, complete healing of trophic wounds was observed in the prospective group. At the same time, in 25.53% of patients in this group complete healing was observed up to 7 days. Whereas, in patients of the retrospective group, this was observed between 6-9 months. In addition, the rate of decrease in the area of trophic wound for the first month in the prospective group was 23.72% higher than in the retrospective group (р˂0.05). We did not observe a recurrence of a trophic wound in the follow-up period up to 1 year in the prospective group.
Immunotropic effects of nitrogenous metabolites in healthy humans
Authors: Kuchma Igor , Gozhenko Anatoliy , Ruzhylo Sofiya , Kovalchuk Galyna , Nahurna Yaryna , Zukow Walery , Popovych Igor
Published: January 2022

Background. We have previously shown that nitrogenous metabolites have immunomodulatory effects, both in healthy rats and in humans exposed to pathogenic influences. The purpose of this study is their immunotropic activity in clinically healthy people. Materials and Methods. The object of observation were 27 men (aged 24-63 ys) and 14 women (33-62 ys). The plasma levels of the nitrogenous metabolites and parameters of immunity twice with an interval of 5 days was performed. Results. Judging by the multiple correlation coefficient uric acid exhibits maximal immunotropic activity (R=0,665), followed by creatinine (R=0,596) and urea (R=0,541), and closes the constellation of metabolites bilirubin, with the activity of conjugated bilirubin predominating over that of unconjugated (0,539 vs 0,484). Nitrogenous metabolites together upregulate the level in the blood of B-lymphocytes, CIC, IgG, IL-1, eosinophils and monocytes, as well as most parameters of phagocytosis by neutrophils Staph. aureus and E. coli. Instead, they downregulate the phagocytosis activity of Staph. aureus, the relative content of rod-shaped neutrophils, lymphocytes in general and NK-, T active and 0-Lymphocytes in particular. Downregulation of 0-Lymphocytes reflects upregulation of receptor expression, apparently CD22. Conclusion. Nitrogenous metabolites exhibit immunotropic activity in both healthy rats and humans, as well as in patients.
Experimental Studies and the Search for New Innovative Approaches to Treat Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Liemienieva Anastasiia , Shargorodska Iryna , Rykov Sergiy , Petrovsky Mykola
Published: January 2022

Introduction and purpose. The main manifestation of eyelids, tear ducts, and orbits disorders is a dry eye disease considered as a serious disease that affects the quality of life. Nowadays, one in ten people worldwide faces this disease. Increased workload, development of multimedia technologies, hypodynamia, and environmental degradation are the main modern causes of the disease. Material and methods. In this work, we used an experimental model of dry eye in rats with the development of inflammation of the anterior surface of the eye. Alkali burns were used to develop inflammation. A fluorescein test performed immediately after alkaline erosion and on days 1, 5, and 10 after burns revealed a gradual increase in corneal epithelialization and vascularization. Results. One day after induction of inflammation, there was a dramatic and statistically significant increase in tear production in experimental rats. By the seventh day, tear production declined to the control level with a subsequent tendency to decrease tear production. Conclusions. In the group of rats with inflammation of the anterior surface of the eye that received polarized red-light therapy, there was no significant decrease in tear production on day 7, which may be indicative of a possible anti-inflammatory effect of light therapy under these conditions.
The impact of motor status on the quality children's life
Authors: Shkodra Mimoza Moza , Bislimi Arben
Published: January 2022

The basic purpose of this paper is to distinguish between the motor characteristics of students (male-female) and 12-year-old age groups of SHFMU "Selami Hallaci" in Gjilan.The sample of this research includes a total of 100 (50 female and 50 male) students who undergo regular physical education and sports two hours a week.6 basic motor variables were applied in the research, and based on it, significant differences were obtained.To confirm the differences between students in the basic motor variables, the T-test method was used. Based on the results obtained through this method, valid changes were realized in some of the basic motor variables of. Significant values were obtained in estimating the correlation in some of the motor variables.All these important differences between the mean values in favor of men confirm and confirm that students (men) are more active and agile than the girls tested.
Assessment of the quality of life of orthodontic and surgical patients. Analysis of the factors that motivate the initiation of treatment within the masticatory system
Authors: Szpyt Justyna Oliwia , Gębska Magdalena
Published: January 2022

IntroductionAccording to Angle's classification, a correct bite should have, inter alia, the following regularities: the median line of the face should coincide with the line between the central incisors of the upper and lower arches, the lower incisors should be overlapped by the incisal edges of the upper incisors, the top of the canine in the upper arch is inserted between the lower canine and the tangent premolar, each tooth is in contact with two opposing teeth, adjacent teeth both in the upper and lower arch are in contact with each other. Any deviation from these rules may indicate the presence of a malocclusion. We can distinguish here, for example: posteroclusion, open bite, retrusive occlusion, protrusive occlusion, supraclusion bite. They seem to be important not only in terms of functionality, but also psychology. Research shows that the correction of mandibular prognathism increases the level of self-confidence and self-acceptance, which may improve the quality of life of patients.Purpose of researchThe aim of the study was to check the quality of life of orthodontic and surgical patients as well as what factors motivate these people to start treatment in the area of the masticatory system.Material and methods208 people aged 18 to 55 participated in the survey. They were both people with malocclusion and no malocclusion, who constituted the control group. The questionnaire was created on the basis of standardized OQLQ and OHIP-14 questionnaires. It also included questions about the factors that motivate to start treatment in the masticatory system.ResultsThe most common malocclusion among the respondents was progenia (58.8%), followed by retrogenia (34.3%), then open bite (4%) and posteroclusion (2.9%). According to the OHIP-14 form, statistically significant (p <.0001) higher quality of life was seen in people without a masticatory organ defect, compared to people with the malocclusion. A statistically significant difference (p <.0001) between people with present or recent malocclusion (M = 54.29, SD = 16.71) and people without malocclusion (M = 31.93, SD = 18.31) was also visible in the study with using the OQLQ questionnaire.ConclusionsA malocclusion worsens the comfort and quality of life.Incorrect bite, face and smile aesthetics as well as psychological aspects are the most important factors motivating to undertake surgical and orthodontic treatment.Bruxism and facial pain are not factors prompting the initiation of treatment of malocclusion.
Geographical analysis of transformation of water and land resources under the influence of drainage reclamation in Volyn region
Authors: Melniychuk Michaylo Michaylovich , Melnik Oleg Volodymirovich , Smilii Pavlo Mikolayovich
Published: January 2022

Aim. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology that takes into account the levels of anthropogenic transformation of various components of the environment.Method. In scientific work to take into account the impact of qualitative indicators on the process of transformation of landscapes of Volyn region under the influence of drainage reclamation was used P. Shishchenko's method with the following additions: the coefficient of anthropogenic transformation of landscapes was calculated separately for: relief and soils and water regime.Results. Understanding the state of lands transformed in the process of drainage reclamation provides an opportunity to understand the effects of a complex of factors on land and agricultural needs and encourages scientific study of various components of the environment. During drainage reclamation there is an intensive mineralization of the organic part of the soil with a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions and the processes of peat mineralization are actively developing. The total coefficient of anthropogenic transformation of landscapes was defined as the average value between these coefficients. The results obtained by an improved method allow a more differentiated assessment of the state of transformation of the landscapes of the Volyn region, taking into account the impact of drainage reclamation. These results are adequate, as there is a connection with the industrial development of territories and the level of agricultural development.The scientific novelty lies in the constructive-geographical analysis of the impact of drainage reclamation in the Volyn region on different types of environment.Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in the educational process of VSU named after Lesya Ukrainka and other educational institutions in teaching geographical, economic and tourism disciplines. The results will find their application in the legislative and executive work of local governments in the development of programs of socio-economic development of territorial communities. The materials of the research will promote the rational use of anthropogenic resources and objects of social and household services in Volyn, which will allow to qualitatively influence the course of administrative reform. A number of provisions can be used in similar studies of the regions of Ukraine.