bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Horizontal and vertical aspects of political elections in Ukraine
Authors:   National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, Babkina Olga , Novakowa Olena
Published: July 2023

Horizontal and vertical aspects of political elections and their influence on voting process in Ukraine are analyzed in this article. The basic trends of electoral behavior of the citizens of Ukraine are revealed on the basis of empirical data of election campaigns and politicians activity. The factors that influence on the democratic nature of the elections of 2014 and 2019, as well as the reasons for citizens distrust of politicians are studied. These reasons include electoral volatility, which is influenced by the populism of politicians and the citizens frustration of the elected parties activity as well as misinformation during electoral campaign
Heat Transfer in Offshore Pipeline Bundles
Authors:   Applied Computing & Engineering Ltd., Birchwood, Warrington WA3 7BH, Mosquera A. , Paczkowski G. ,   Brown & Root Energy Services AS., Stavanger, Norway, Brydon J. ,   Rockwater Ltd., Stoneywood Park, Dyce, Aberdeen AB2 ODF
Published: July 2023

A key design parameter for the operation of subsea pipeline systems is the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient or "U Value". In some cases for bundles with flow lines insulated in a common sleeve, the steady state flow condition "U Value" is not a characteristic parameter since it varies depending on the individual flowline temperatures and corresponding heat fluxes along the length. It is therefore difficult to specify an overall "U Value" coefficient either for the bundle or for each flowline in the bundle. It is, however, possible to use computational fluid dynamics models to evaluate these heat fluxes and effective "U Values" for each pipeline over a short bundle segment given specified flowline temperatures. Prediction of the flowline temperatures is difficult particularly in cases when fluids are flowing in the opposite directions i.e. production lines and gas injection line, but by using a simplified Rockwater in-house thermal analysis model, the temperature inputs to the CFD model of the bundle section can be estimated. FIDAP, a general purpose CFD code based on the finite element method has been used in the present studies. FIDAP works with the 2-D bundle model to predict heat flux under steady state conditions thus verifying the Rockwater mathematical model by calculating convection velocity and temperature contours.
A Methodology for Industrial CFD
Authors:   Keywords: Industrial CFD, Simulation, Framework, AIAA, Qualification, Verification and Validation, Shaikh J.
Published: July 2023

The central tenet of this paper is that there is no fixed level of credibility or accuracy that is applicable to all CFD simulations. The required level of accuracy is dependent on the industrial context for the work. This paper describes a framework suggested by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics [1] designed to aid the assessment of the credibility of CFD simulations. The framework distinguishes between Reality, the Conceptual Model of Reality and the Computational CFD model. The processes of Qualification, Verification and Validation are used to assess the levels of Error and Uncertainty within the simulation system. The methodology presented is not exhaustive and is intended to act as a guideline for the assessment of Industrial CFD simulations.
The Computation of Axi-Symmetric Rotor-Stator Flows Related to Cooling Passages of Electrical Generators
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, UMIST, Manchester M60 1QD, UK, Iacovides H. , Leschziner M. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, UMIST, Manchester M60 1QD, UK, Li H-Y. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, UMIST, Manchester M60 1QD, UK
Published: July 2023

The objectives of this exploratory study have been, first, to investigate the effectiveness of variants of the high-Re k-ε model in the present rotating flow - a practice widely used in industrial computations - and second, to examine the influence of swirl, multiple injection and exit, through a series of steady-state, two-dimensional-flow computations. The rationale of the 2-D simplification is rooted in the assumption that the present type of swirl, provoked by the rotating inner cylinder, will destabilise turbulence and will therefore tend to reduce circumferential variations. Consequently, the assumption of an axi-symmetric, i.e. two-dimensional flow, is not expected to cause serious differences between the computed and the actual flow behaviour...
Transient and Steady Flow Computations for an Electro-Mechanical System
Authors:   Fluid Mechanics Research Center, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, Pan Z. , Tucker P. ,   Fluid Mechanics Research Center, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL
Published: July 2023

The computation of transient turbulent flows has considerable engineering significance. During the period from the mid 1980's until now Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been used in a wide range of industries. The use of CFD in electronic/mechatronic system design is just one of many examples. The flows in these systems effect component operating temperatures and also the deposition of contaminants. Both of these factors are strongly related to product reliability. As with many other engineering systems, most forced convection flows in electronics/mechatronics are transitional or turbulent. A significant amount of numerical work has been motivated by the need to predict fluid flow in electronic systems. Much of this is reviewed by Tucker (1997), being mostly for steady flows. However, Reindl et al. (1991) study transient laminar flow in a square enclosure with a heated wall. Also, Shy and Rao (1993) predict transient laminar free convection around an enclosed vertical channel. The application of CFD to mechatronics is discussed by Tucker and Hewit (1996). The present work attempts to investigate the performance of turbulence models when predicting both transient and steady flows for the geometry presented in Figure 1. The flow inlet area shown has a suddenly opening shutter, giving rise to an in rush of air from an external air source. The geometry is quite specific being part of an electronic/mechatronic Automatic Teller Machine (ATM). However, the results produced here have a wider context. They are suggestive of the choice of turbulence models when predicting flows in systems with similar flow features. These include streamline curvature, large vortical structures and stagnation resulting from an impinging rectangular jet. The turbulence models tested include the standard k-ε model (Launder and Spalding, 1974), low (Wolfshtein, 1969) and high Reynolds number k-l models, and a standard mixing length (ml) model. Also, two zonal models are tried using the k-ε model away from walls with the k-l and ml models applied elsewhere.
Contemporary Music Composition “Embryo”| Komposisi Musik Kontemporer “Embrio”
Authors: Haryanto Tri , Yudana I Gede
Published: July 2023

Kehidupan makhluk hidup (manusia) merupakan sesuatu yang diawali dengan berbagai proses dan tahap-tahap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Seperti tahapan embrio sebagai jasad hidup yang masih dalam tingkat perkembangan (pertumbuhan) awal, belum mempunyai bentuk yang jelas, akan menjadi sesuatu. Dari proses ini, penata angkat menjadi garapan yang berjudul embrio, dengan medium gamelan Semar Pagulingan Saih Pitu dan Selonding style Tenganan, dengan durasi 10-15 menit. Garapan karya embrio dibagi dalam 4 (empat) bagian, tiap bagian mewakili fase embrionik yang masing-masing fase memiliki ciri tersendiri. Proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tersebut terbagi menjadi beberapa tahapan yakni mulai dari fertilisasi yaitu pertemuan gamet jantan dan betina, pembelahan sel pada tahapan morula dan blastula, kemudian gastrula membentuk 3 (tiga) lapisan, serta yang terakhir organogenesis yang membentuk organ makhluk hidup (manusia) baru.
Music Composition Bebarongan “Cepuk” | Tabuh Petegak Bebarongan “Cepuk”
Authors: Muryana I ketut , Sukarta Agus Gede
Published: July 2023

Komposisi musik ini bertujuan untuk menuangkan daya krativitas, serta potensi dalam berkesenian melalui penggarapan komposisi karawitan guna menciptakan karya bermutu dan barkualitas. Cepuk merupakan produk kerajinan tenun ikat dari masyarakat Banjar Tanglad Nusa Penida, kain tenun ini dulunya hanya diperuntukan sebagai wastra dan kampuh pada bangunan-bangunan suci dan kamben bagi masyarakat yang melakukan ritual khusus di wilayah Desa Tanglad. Kain tenun ‘cepuk’ terdiri dari beberapa jenis, masing-masing jenis memiliki unsur magis dan kegunaan yang berbeda dalam upacara keagamaan yakni; cepuk ngawis, kain tenun yang dipakai saat upacara pitra yadnya (ngaben), cepuk tangi gede kain tenun yang dipakai oleh anak tengah yang seluruh kakak dan adiknya meninggal (upacara ngaben), cepuk liking Paku dipakai oleh laki-laki pada saat upacara potong gigi, cepuk kecubung dipakai oleh perempuan saat upacara potong gigi, cepuk sudamala yakni kain tenun cepuk yang dipakai saat membersihkan diri, dan yang terakhir cepuk kurung merupakan kain cepuk yang digunakan pada hari-hari biasa. Cepuk pada realisasi karya, diwujudkan dalam bentuk tabuh petegak bebarongan, dengan menggunakan konsep Tri Angga, Pengawit (kepala), pengawak (badan), dan pengecet (kaki). Media yang digunakan dalam karya ini adalah gong kebyar. Karya ini disajikan di gedung Natya Mandala ISI Denpasar oleh 21 pendukung dari Sekaa Gong Giri Kertha Yasa, Banjar Tanglad Nusa Penida, dengan durasi waktu14 menit.
Karawitan Composition “Bhuana Santhi” | Komposisi Karawitan “Bhuana Santhi”
Authors: Nandayana Kadek prema , - Saptono
Published: July 2023

Bhuana Santhi adalah sebuah garapan tabuh telu lelambatan kreasi yang terinspirasi dari kegiatan masyarakat melakukan gotong royong, tepatnya di Desa Adat Lepang, Kabupaten Klungkung. Garapan ini masih berpedoman pada pola garap tradisi dan sedikit inovasi di beberapa bagian. Seperti di bagian sebelum masuk ke pola kendang batu-batu dimainkan kebyar yang menurut penata sebuah inovasi. Garapan ini menggambarkan sebuah rasa kebersamaan antara sesama pada saat melakukan kegiatan gotong royong yang kaitannya dengan acara piodalan yaitu di Pura Dalem Sila Pegat, Desa Adat Lepang, Kabupaten Klungkung. Sebelum upacara berlangsung biasanya lima atau enam hari sebelumnya, masyarakat Desa Adat Lepang melaksanakan kegiatan gotong royong baik dari krama lanang (laki-laki) dan krama istri (perempuan). Metode penciptaan yang digunakan dalam garapan Bhuana Santhi adalah Panca Sthiti Ngawi Sani oleh I Wayan Dibia yang meliputi tahap ngawirasa (Inspirasi), tahap ngawacak (eksplorasi), tahap ngarencana (konsepsi), tahap ngawangun (eksekusi), dan tahap ngebah (produksi), sehingga memudahkan penata dalam mewujudkan garapan Bhuana Santhi. Garapan Bhuana Santhi menggunakan media ungkap Gamelan Gong Kebyar. Struktur dari garapan Bhuana Santhi terdiri dari tiga bagian yaitu pengawit, pengawak dan pengecet serta durasi dari keseluruhan garapan Bhuana Santhi yaitu 12 menit.
Creative Art Work Atisundara | Tabuh Kreasi Atisundara
Authors: Diartama Kadek Krisna Dwipa , Arshiniwati Ni Made , Suryatini Ni Ketut
Published: July 2023

Dalam Proses pembentukan karya ini, di dapatkan sentuhan ide ketika melihat seekor burung cendrawasih yang sangat cantik dan indah pada saat dilihat, keindahan dari bulunya dan perpaduan warna yang menghasilkan harmonisasi yang sangat indah apabila dipandang. Kemudian dari sana di dapat ide untuk menciptakan karya seni dengan berpijak dari burung cendrawasih, dan setelah mencari refrensi buku-buku dan saya mendapat satu kata untuk judul karya yang akan saya ciptakan yaitu “ATISUNDARA”. Atisundara memiliki arti daat ayu, atau listuayu yang dimana didalam bahasa Indonesia memiliki arti Cantik, Anggun dan lainnya yang mengandung kata indah. Dan kecantikan yang dimaksud yaitu kecantikan dari burung cendrawasih yang sangat indah baik dari bulu, ekor dan juga warnanya. Kemudian di transformasikan ide tersebut kedalam sebuah karya Tabuh Kreasi dengan memainkan pola-pola melodi yang terjalin dan ditambahkan dengan pola permainan suling agar menghasilkan keharmonisan, disamping itu terdapat juga pola-pola melodi baik pada saat bagian pengadeng atau lambat, dibagian gegenderan dan juga lainnya. Didalam karya ini menggunakan empat bagian yaitu bagian pertama gineman, gegenderan, bapang, dan juga pengecet. Dan media ungkap yang dipakai yaitu gamelan Gong Kebyar.
Music Composition Saka Luang | Komposisi Musik Saka Luang
Authors: Budimahendra I Putu Agus Dodik , Suartaya Kadek
Published: July 2023

Karya komposisi tugas akhir “Saka Luang” ini merupakan karya yang terbentuk dan tergolong komposisi Karawitan Inovatif. Terbentuknya judul ”Saka Luang” tersebut penata terinspirasi dari bangunan Palinggih Menjang Saluang yang dapat di artikan, Saka yang berarti Pilar atau adegan (warna, 1988:252). dan Luang yang berarti eka atau tunggal (Ariana, 2016:49). Jadi “Saka Luang” penata artikan sebagai satu pilar memusatkan pikiran sehingga menjadi Luang dimana Luang yang dimaksudkan adalah satu. Karya ini beranjak dari Teknik Leluangan, Penafsiran ide dan Teknik Leluangan tersebut dituangkan dalam media ungkap Gamelan Semar Pagulingan Saih Pitu agar bisa memainkan patet sesuai dengan suasana dan nuansa yang ingin dicapai. Proses kreativitas yang digunakan pada tahap penciptaan karya ini menggunakan metode yang ditulis oleh I Wayan Diana Putra yang disebutkan oleh Senen dari tahap penciptaan I Wayan Beratha yang berpegang teguh pada tiga proses yaitu, Nguping (peniruan), Menahin (memperbaiki), dan Ngelesin (menghaluskan).

Kata Kunci: Semar Pagulingan , Leluangan, Saka Luang.
Wari, a Karawitan Composition | Wari, Sebuah Komposisi Karawitan
Authors: Wira putra I made , - Wardizal
Published: July 2023

Karya komposisi karawitan tabuh kreasi yang berjudul “Wari” ini merupakan karya komposisi baru atau karya komposisi karawitan kreasi yang menawarkan gagasan baru, bersifat kekinian, dan mengutamakan originalitas. Penata berimajinasi dengan merangkai sebuah komposisi secara sistematis yang sumber inspirasinya dari persamaan diberbagai jenis ornamentasi yang terdapat pada ubit-ubitan gangsa pemade, gangsa kantilan, instrumen reong dengan instrumen yang lainnya. Penata ingin karya kreasi ini dapat memberikan kesan dan suasana baru, maka untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut, penata ingin mengkemas beberapa jalinan melodi serta jalinan ubit-ubitan atau kotekan. Semua itu di kemas dengan berpijak dari sesuatu yang sederhana ke hal yang baru.Disini letak kebaruannya sampai batas maksimal kemampuan penata mengkemas karya kreasi menjadi sesuatu yang baru. Pada karya komposisi “Wari” ini strukturnya mempergunakan perbagian seperti bagian I, bagian II, bagian III .Pemilihan seperangkat gamelan tersebut yakni dalam media ungkap gamelan gong kebyar penata membuat karya yang mampu merefleksikan ide dari bentuk olahannya/motif garapnya dari instrumen gangsa pemade, gangsa kantilan yang dibuatkan kotekan atau ubit-ubitan sedangkan pada melodi seperti penyacah, jublag, dan jegog juga dibuatkan melodi dengan porsi yang sama seperti halnya pada instrumen gangsa pemade, gangsa kantilan. Serta mengolah unsur-unsur musik seperti dinamika (aes-uncab) dan temponya.
Karawitan composition “Balengku” | Komposisi Karawitan Inovatif “Balengku”
Authors: Widiartha I Komang , Andayani Ni Putu Tisna
Published: July 2023

Balengku merupakan sebuah komposisi musik inovatif dengan mengembangkan dua budaya yang berbeda. Komposisi ini tercipta dan terinspirasi dari proses akulturasi kebudayaan yang ada di Lombok. Karya Balengku ini dituangkan ke dalam media gamelan klentang sebagai instrumen pokok dan menambahkan beberapa instrumen gamelan yang terdapat pada barungan gamelan gong kebyar. Kedua instrumen tersebut digabungkan untuk merealisasikan konsep akulturasi sebagai sumber ide dalam garapan ini. Komposisi ini diwujudkan menggunakan struktur Tri Angga dan juga memberikan sentuhan dengan struktur gending yang ada di Lombok. Komposisi Balengku ini, diciptakan  menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui proses observasi, wawancara, dan juga studi kepustakaan, kemudian pada proses penuangan ide dilakukan dengan menggunakan tahap eksplorasi, tahap improvisasi dan tahap pembentukan.
Dance Composition Music Urip Ing Geni | Komposisi Musik Tari Urip Ing Geni
Authors: Setiawan Wayan Dodi
Published: July 2023

Karya karawitan musik tari “ Urip Ing Geni” terwujud disebabkan betapa pentingnya peranan api atau Agni dalam kehidupan umat hindu. Terinspirasi dari kehidupan sehari hari-hari dalam upacara keagamaan hindu, api mempunyai fungsi dan peranan yang sangat penting. Pada garapan komposisi karawitan musik tari bebarisan ini menggunakan media ungkap gamelan gong kebyar, dengan struktur garapan ini dibagi menjadi tiga bagian, yakni kawitan, pangawak, dan pangecet. Dalam bentuk karya inovatif dengan pendekatan garap melodis dan ritmis. Karya ini tercipta atas persetujuan mitra MBKM yaitu Sanggar Puja Saraswati di desa Rejobinangun. Pentingnya peranan tari dimaksud untuk mendukung prosesi ritual yaitu tarian bebarisan khususnya di Lampung Timur. Adapun rumusan ide penciptaan ini adalah 1) bagaimana bentuk dan stuktur musik tari Urip Ing Geni, 2) bagaimana proses penciptaan karya musik tari Urip Ing Geni, 3) mengapa penting tari ini diciptakan, dengan rumusan ide pencipta tersebut, maka tujuan penciptaan karya ini adalah 1) mendeskripsikan bentuk dan struktur karya musik tari Urip Ing Geni, 2) menjabarkan secara komprehensif proses penciptaan karya musik tari Urip Ing Geni, 3) menguraikan pentingnya musik tari Urip Ing Geni ini di ciptakan. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan mengacu pada tahapan penciptaan tari yaitu tahap eksplorasi, improvisasi, dan pembentukan.
La autoría criminal durante la dictadura de Primo de Rivera (1923-1930)
Authors: Sandoval Parra Victoria
Published: July 2023

El trabajo analiza la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo sobre el concepto de autoría como principal forma de responsabilidad criminal durante la dictadura de Primo de Rivera (1923-1930). Junto a la doctrina jurídica, se han tomado como referencia los Códigos penales de 1870 y 1928 (en vigor desde el 1 de enero de 1929), siendo analizados los diferentes tipos de autoría (especialmente la autoría directa, la inducción indirecta y la cooperación necesaria) y los criterios interpretativos adoptados desde finales del siglo XIX e inicios del siglo XX por el Tribunal Supremo.
La retórica como práctica discursiva de resolución de conflictos.
Authors: Albert Márquez José J.
Published: July 2023

El objetivo principal de este texto es resaltar el papel que la retórica ha tenido y aún desarrolla como instrumento de resolución de conflictos. Para ello, partiendo de un concepto amplio de conflicto y de una idea de derecho conectada aun mínimamente a una ética pública, se reivindica una retórica constructiva de virtudes cívicas. En concreto, nos centraremos como ejemplos paradigmáticos en la utilidad de la retórica en los procesos de negociación y en los procesos judiciales. Se concluye que solo una retórica unida a la idea de decorum puede satisfacer su función de resolución conflictual.
Decisiones jurídicas y conflictos sociales. Perspectiva desde la teoría comunicacional del derecho
Authors: Sánchez Hidalgo Adolfo
Published: July 2023

El presente estudio ofrece una perspectiva general de la incidencia de la realidad social en la Teoría Comunicacional del Derecho y, especialmente, en los procesos decisionales jurídicos. El trabajo comienza con un planteamiento introductorio acerca de la difícil relación entre Sociología Jurídica y Teoría del Derecho, valorando la posición al respecto de la Teoría Comunicacional del Derecho. A continuación, se ofrece el estudio de los principales tipos de decisiones jurídicas (decisión constitucional, legislativa y judicial), así como la incidencia de la realidad fáctica sociológica sobre las mismas. Finalmente, se sientan unas conclusiones críticas acerca de la utilidad y rigor de esta Teoría Comunicacional.
Value Orientations and Choice of Strategies of Behavior in Conflict by Senior Schoolchildren
Authors: Novopashina Larisa Aleksandrovna , Savel'eva Tat'yana Gennad'evna , Garibyan Elena Robertovna , Avdeeva Tat'yana Gennad'evna , Smirnova Lyubov' Eduardovna
Published: July 2023

Adolescence is an age when very often, against the background of psychological and physiological changes associated with growing up, conflict situations arise not only with peers, but with parents and teachers. Constructive conflict resolution is an important step towards building harmonious relationships with others in the future, and one of the conditions for effective functioning in society, finding one's place in it. To solve these issues at the first stage, targeted psychological studies of the value orientations of young people and their connection with the choice of behavioral strategies in conflict situations among schoolchildren are necessary. The relationship of value orientations and strategies of behavior in conflict by senior schoolchildren is considered. The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between the value orientations of senior schoolchildren and the main strategies of their behavior in a conflict situation.     We conducted a study to determine the relationship between the value orientations of high school students and the main strategies of their behavior in a conflict situation. With the help of Pearson's chi-square, it was revealed that schoolchildren who choose concession and compromise as the leading strategies of behavior in conflict situations put such a value as "health" in the first place. The relationship of value orientations with other behavioral strategies has not been identified. At the same time, schoolchildren do not choose cooperation as a leading and priority strategy. In order to purposefully influence the formation of value orientations and behavioral strategies of schoolchildren, we have developed a music lesson, the content of which includes the formation of the components we need. The purpose of the lesson is to give students an idea of values such as friendship, public recognition, love, happiness of others, good manners, responsibility and sensitivity; the formation of the ability to work in a team and to give students an idea of such a strategy of behavior in conflict as cooperation.
Masters of decorative and applied art of the Spassky Factory of artistic ceramics in search of a unique style
Authors: Chernova Anna Viktorovna , Vasileva Elena Aleksandrovna , Fedorovskaya Natalia Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2023

The significance and artistic results of the Far Eastern ceramic productions launched in the second half of the XX century and liquidated at the beginning of the XXI century, as well as the creativity of the masters and artists who worked for them, are currently insufficiently studied In the Primorsky Territory, this is largely due to the general decline of the industry, the complexity of collecting primary information, the lack of reliable data, the problem of attribution of products etc. The subject of the study is the activity of master artists who worked at the art ceramics factory in the city of Spassk-Dalny, Primorsky Krai. The research was carried out using a set of theoretical and empirical methods, including comparative-historical, biographical, formal-stylistic, as well as interview methods and included observation, which allowed to identify the key figures of the masters who influenced the formation of their own unique style characteristic of this plant. As a result of the study, it was found that the formation of the creative team was carried out both from visiting specialists with specialized education and from local artists. Among the most significant masters of the Spassky Art Ceramics Factory are E. E. Skurikhin, A. I. Gornich, S. V. Danilyuk, Z. H. Zhelandinova, V. A. Lavrenova, A. A. Lupey, N. B. Ovchinnikova, L. Y. Skrynnikova, O. Timofeeva. These artists have made a significant contribution to the improvement of molding technologies and decoration of utilitarian and highly artistic products. The results of the activity of master ceramists led to a significant evolution of the forms and types of decoration of the products of the Spassky Art Ceramics Factory, creating their own style based on ethnic and regional flavor. The presented information can be used for attribution of ceramic products, studying the specifics of the author's artistic ceramics of the XX – XXI centuries, forming a general picture of the evolution of Russian decorative and applied art.
Low leakage current and high breakdown voltage of AlGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diodes with wet-etching groove anode
Authors: Wu Peng , Zhu Hong-Yu , Wu Jin-Xing , Zhang Tao , Zhang Jin-Cheng , Hao Yue ,   National Key Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology​, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China,   Chinese Flight Test Establishment, Xi’an 710089, China
Published: July 2023

AlGaN/GaN heterojunction epitaxies with wide bandgap, high critical electric field as well as high density and high mobility two-dimensional electron gas have shown great potential applications in the next-generation high-power and high-frequency devices. Especially, with the development of Si-based GaN epitaxial technique with big size, GaN devices with low cost also show great advantage in consumer electronics. In order to improve the rectification efficiency of AlGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diode (SBD), low leakage current and low turn-on voltage are important. The GaN Schottky barrier diode with low work-function metal as anode is found to be very effective to reduce turn-on voltage. However, the low Schottky barrier height makes the Schottky interface sensitive to damage to groove surface, which leads to a high leakage current. In this work, a novel wet-etching technique with thermal oxygen oxidation and KOH corrosion is used to prepare the anode groove, and the surface roughness of groove decreases from 0.57 to 0.23 nm, compared with that of the dry-etching surface of groove. Meanwhile, the leakage current is suppressed from 1.5 × 10–6 to 2.6 × 10–7 A/mm. Benefiting from the great corrosion selectively of hot KOH solution to AlGaN barrier layer and GaN channel layer after thermal oxygen oxidation, the spikes of the edge of groove region caused by the nonuniform distribution of plasma in the cavity is improved, and the breakdown voltage of the fabricated AlGaN/GaN SBDs is raised from –1.28 to –1.73 kV.
LCP /TLC based composite multi-dimensional polarization-dependent anti-counterfeiting device
Authors: Zhu Yu-Wen , Yuan Cong-Long , Liu Bing-Hui , Wang Xiao-Qian , Zheng Zhi-Gang ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China,   School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
Published: July 2023

Modern anti-counterfeiting technology can effectively suppress and combat forgery and counterfeiting behaviors, which is of great significance in information security, national defense and economy. However, the realization of multi-dimensional, integrated, difficult-to-copy and easy-to-detect optical anti-counterfeiting devices is still a challenge. In this paper, a multi-dimensional and polarization-dependent anti-counterfeiting device with structure color is designed, which is composed of patterned liquid crystal polymer (LCP) nematic layer and thermotropic cholesteric liquid crystal (TLC) layer. It has the advantages of displaying and hiding polarization states, wide color tuning range, convenient operation, high integration and security. For incident light with a specific polarization state, the patterned nematic phase LCP layer can carry out regionalized phase editing and polarization state modulation, while the TLC layer can selectively reflect the incident light. Therefore, a patterned structural color security label is subtly realized. The anti-counterfeiting device can realize the display, hiding, color adjustment and image/background conversion of patterns by adjusting the polarization direction of incident light. In addition, the TLC layer in the device can meet the application requirements of the anti-counterfeit device at different environmental temperatures through the flexible design of the system weight ratio. Furthermore, the device can be easily heated by body temperature, realize dynamic real-time wide-spectrum color modulation and reversible pattern erasure, and further enhance its security dimension and security. The multi-polarization-type anti-counterfeiting device has three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting efficacy. The first dimensional anti-counterfeiting efficacy is achieved by the thermochromic liquid crystal layer. The thermochromic liquid crystal layer has no reflection color outside the operating temperature range of TLC material, and the entire device displays black background. The second and the third dimensional anti-counterfeiting efficacy are related to the polarization state of the incident light and the linear polarization direction, respectively. Only when the incident light is linearly polarized light and its polarization direction makes an angle of 45° or –45° with respect to the optical axis of the liquid crystal, will the device show the designed pattern. Consequently, our proposed anti-counterfeiting device is expected to provide a new idea for developing the anti-counterfeiting field.
Vitamin B2 enables regulation of fasting glucose availability
Authors: Masschelin Peter M , Saha Pradip , Ochsner Scott A , Cox Aaron R , Kim Kang Ho , Felix Jessica B , Sharp Robert , Li Xin , Tan Lin , Park Jun Hyoung , Wang Liping , Putluri Vasanta , Lorenzi Philip L , Nuotio-Antar Alli M , Sun Zheng , Kaipparettu Benny Abraham , Putluri Nagireddy , Moore David D , Summers Scott A , McKenna Neil J , Hartig Sean M
Published: July 2023

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) interacts with flavoproteins to mediate oxidation-reduction reactions required for cellular energy demands. Not surprisingly, mutations that alter FAD binding to flavoproteins cause rare inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) that disrupt liver function and render fasting intolerance, hepatic steatosis, and lipodystrophy. In our study, depleting FAD pools in mice with a vitamin B2-deficient diet (B2D) caused phenotypes associated with organic acidemias and other IEMs, including reduced body weight, hypoglycemia, and fatty liver disease. Integrated discovery approaches revealed B2D tempered fasting activation of target genes for the nuclear receptor PPARα, including those required for gluconeogenesis. We also found PPARα knockdown in the liver recapitulated B2D effects on glucose excursion and fatty liver disease in mice. Finally, treatment with the PPARα agonist fenofibrate activated the integrated stress response and refilled amino acid substrates to rescue fasting glucose availability and overcome B2D phenotypes. These findings identify metabolic responses to FAD availability and nominate strategies for the management of organic acidemias and other rare IEMs.
A human-specific motif facilitates CARD8 inflammasome activation after HIV-1 infection
Authors: Kulsuptrakul Jessie , Turcotte Elizabeth A , Emerman Michael , Mitchell Patrick S
Published: July 2023

Inflammasomes are cytosolic innate immune complexes that assemble upon detection of diverse pathogen-associated cues and play a critical role in host defense and inflammatory pathogenesis. Here, we find that the human inflammasome-forming sensor CARD8 senses HIV-1 infection via site-specific cleavage of the CARD8 N-terminus by the HIV protease (HIV-1PR). HIV-1PR cleavage of CARD8 induces pyroptotic cell death and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from infected cells, processes regulated by Toll-like receptor stimulation prior to viral infection. In acutely infected cells, CARD8 senses the activity of both de novo translated HIV-1PR and packaged HIV-1PR that is released from the incoming virion. Moreover, our evolutionary analyses reveal that the HIV-1PR cleavage site in human CARD8 arose after the divergence of chimpanzees and humans. Although chimpanzee CARD8 does not recognize proteases from HIV or simian immunodeficiency viruses from chimpanzees (SIVcpz), SIVcpz does cleave human CARD8, suggesting that SIVcpz was poised to activate the human CARD8 inflammasome prior to its cross-species transmission into humans. Our findings suggest a unique role for CARD8 inflammasome activation in response to lentiviral infection of humans.
Recapitulation of pathophysiological features of AD in SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects
Authors: Griggs Elizabeth , Trageser Kyle , Naughton Sean , Yang Eun-Jeong , Mathew Brian , Van Hyfte Grace , Hellmers Linh , Jette Nathalie , Estill Molly , Shen Li , Fischer Tracy , Pasinetti Giulio Maria
Published: July 2023

Infection with the etiological agent of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, appears capable of impacting cognition in some patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). To evaluate neuropathophysiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we examine transcriptional and cellular signatures in the Brodmann area 9 (BA9) of the frontal cortex and the hippocampal formation (HF) in SARS-CoV-2, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and SARS-CoV-2-infected AD individuals compared to age- and gender-matched neurological cases. Here, we show similar alterations of neuroinflammation and blood–brain barrier integrity in SARS-CoV-2, AD, and SARS-CoV-2-infected AD individuals. Distribution of microglial changes reflected by the increase in Iba-1 reveals nodular morphological alterations in SARS-CoV-2-infected AD individuals. Similarly, HIF-1α is significantly upregulated in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the same brain regions regardless of AD status. The finding may help in informing decision-making regarding therapeutic treatments in patients with neuro-PASC, especially those at increased risk of developing AD.
Discovery and characterization of cross-reactive intrahepatic antibodies in severe alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Ahmadi Ali Reza , Song Guang , Gao Tianshun , Ma Jing , Han Xiaomei , Hu Ming-Wen , Cameron Andrew M , Wesson Russell N , Philosophe Benjamin , Ottmann Shane , King Elizabeth , Gurakar Ahmet , Qi Le , Peiffer Brandon , Burdick James , Anders Robert , Zhou Zhanxiang , Lu Hongkun , Feng Dechun , Chen Chien-Sheng , Qian Jiang , Gao Bin , Zhu Heng , Sun Zhaoli
Published: July 2023

The pathogenesis of antibodies in severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) remains unknown. We analyzed immunoglobulins (Ig) in explanted livers from SAH patients (n=45) undergoing liver transplantation and tissues from corresponding healthy donors (HD, n=10) and found massive deposition of IgG and IgA isotype antibodies associated with complement fragment C3d and C4d staining in ballooned hepatocytes in SAH livers. Ig extracted from SAH livers, but not patient serum exhibited hepatocyte killing efficacy. Employing human and Escherichia coli K12 proteome arrays, we profiled the antibodies extracted from explanted SAH, livers with other diseases, and HD livers. Compared with their counterparts extracted from livers with other diseases and HD, antibodies of IgG and IgA isotypes were highly accumulated in SAH and recognized a unique set of human proteins and E. coli antigens. Further, both Ig- and E. coli-captured Ig from SAH livers recognized common autoantigens enriched in several cellular components including cytosol and cytoplasm (IgG and IgA), nucleus, mitochondrion, and focal adhesion (IgG). Except IgM from primary biliary cholangitis livers, no common autoantigen was recognized by Ig- and E. coli-captured Ig from livers with other diseases. These findings demonstrate the presence of cross-reacting anti-bacterial IgG and IgA autoantibodies in SAH livers.
Allosteric activation or inhibition of PI3Kγ mediated through conformational changes in the p110γ helical domain
Authors: Harris Noah J , Jenkins Meredith L , Nam Sung-Eun , Rathinaswamy Manoj K , Parson Matthew AH , Ranga-Prasad Harish , Dalwadi Udit , Moeller Brandon E , Sheeky Eleanor , Hansen Scott D , Yip Calvin K , Burke John E
Published: July 2023

PI3Kγ is a critical immune signaling enzyme activated downstream of diverse cell surface molecules, including Ras, PKCβ activated by the IgE receptor, and Gβγ subunits released from activated GPCRs. PI3Kγ can form two distinct complexes, with the p110γ catalytic subunit binding to either a p101 or p84 regulatory subunit, with these complexes being differentially activated by upstream stimuli. Here, using a combination of cryo electron microscopy, HDX-MS, and biochemical assays, we have identified novel roles of the helical domain of p110γ in regulating lipid kinase activity of distinct PI3Kγ complexes. We defined the molecular basis for how an allosteric inhibitory nanobody potently inhibits kinase activity through rigidifying the helical domain and regulatory motif of the kinase domain. The nanobody did not block either p110γ membrane recruitment or Ras/Gβγ binding, but instead decreased ATP turnover. We also identified that p110γ can be activated by dual PKCβ helical domain phosphorylation leading to partial unfolding of an N-terminal region of the helical domain. PKCβ phosphorylation is selective for p110γ-p84 compared to p110γ-p101, driven by differential dynamics of the helical domain of these different complexes. Nanobody binding prevented PKCβ-mediated phosphorylation. Overall, this work shows an unexpected allosteric regulatory role of the helical domain of p110γ that is distinct between p110γ-p84 and p110γ-p101 and reveals how this can be modulated by either phosphorylation or allosteric inhibitory binding partners. This opens possibilities of future allosteric inhibitor development for therapeutic intervention.
First metagenomic analysis of the Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) gut microbiome reveals microbial diversity and wide resistome
Authors: Martinez-Hernandez J. Eduardo , Berrios Pablo , Santibáñez Rodrigo , Cuesta Astroz Yesid , Sanchez Carolina , Martin Alberto J. M. , Trombert Annette N.
Published: July 2023

Background

The Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) is the largest scavenger in South America. This predatory bird plays a crucial role in their ecological niche by removing carcasses. We report the first metagenomic analysis of the Andean condor gut microbiome.

Methods

This work analyzed shotgun metagenomics data from a mixture of fifteen captive Chilean Andean condors. To filter eukaryote contamination, we employed BWA-MEM v0.7. Taxonomy assignment was performed using Kraken2 and MetaPhlAn v2.0 and all filtered reads were assembled using IDBA-UD v1.1.3. The two most abundant species were used to perform a genome reference-guided assembly using MetaCompass. Finally, we performed a gene prediction using Prodigal and each gene predicted was functionally annotated. InterproScan v5.31-70.0 was additionally used to detect homology based on protein domains and KEGG mapper software for reconstructing metabolic pathways.

Results

Our results demonstrate concordance with the other gut microbiome data from New World vultures. In the Andean condor, Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum present, with Clostridium perfringens, a potentially pathogenic bacterium for other animals, as dominating species in the gut microbiome. We assembled all reads corresponding to the top two species found in the condor gut microbiome, finding between 94% to 98% of completeness for Clostridium perfringens and Plesiomonas shigelloides, respectively. Our work highlights the ability of the Andean condor to act as an environmental reservoir and potential vector for critical priority pathogens which contain relevant genetic elements. Among these genetic elements, we found 71 antimicrobial resistance genes and 1,786 virulence factors that we associated with several adaptation processes.
Benefícios e desafios da adoção de tecnologias disruptivas na gestão de compras
Authors: Calandrini Danielle Oliveira da Costa , Silva Paula Thaynara Sousa do Nascimento , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Souto Sistina Pereira
Published: July 2023

A importância de utilizar tecnologias disruptivas para ser um diferencial no mercado, onde os concorrentes não estão buscando novos métodos de inovações, ou seja, preencher um espaço existente com soluções inovadoras que irão transformar e revolucionar os processos existentes, gerando impactos significativos e positivos nas áreas de compra. Transformar e revolucionar os processos existentes, gerando impactos significativos e positivos nas áreas de compra. Quais são os benefícios e desafios enfrentados pelas empresas ao adotarem tecnologias disruptivas na gestão de compras? A metodologia adotada neste artigo envolveu pesquisa bibliográfica para identificar os benefícios e desafios da tecnologia disruptiva na gestão de compras, utilizando fontes de informações relevantes já publicadas. A gestão de compras desempenha um papel estratégico nas empresas atualmente, abandonando a visão burocrática e se tornando um centro de lucros. É essencial planejar, adquirir e avaliar de forma eficiente as compras, com um bom uso da tecnologia e automação, mapeando o processo e desenvolvendo uma estratégia sólida. A tecnologia disruptiva tem transformado o processo de compras, permitindo a utilização de sistemas de monitoramento, modelos de licitação e compras eletrônicas, além do surgimento de lojas virtuais. As empresas modernas podem otimizar seus processos de compra, tornando-os mais eficientes, transparentes e integrados. A gestão de compras desempenha um papel estratégico nas empresas, sendo influenciada pelas tecnologias disruptivas. A adoção dessas tecnologias traz benefícios para a eficiência, transparência e integração dos processos de compra.
An Economic Analysis of Different Marketing Channels of Pineapple in Tseminyu District of Nagaland
Authors: Magh Yhunkvulo , Ramchandra
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the Marketing channels utilized in pineapple farming, Along with their associated costs, focusing on the producers share in consumer rupees and marketing efficiency. The research analyses different marketing channels involving wholesalers, retailers, and pre-harvest contractors. The findings of the study reveals that in channel 1, the marketing cost incurred by the retailer amounts to be 45.20% while in channel 2 it was about 36.47%. Additionally in channel 2 the producer incurs a marketing cost of 13.27% due to the need to transport the produce to the village trader. The study further compares the Marketing efficiency between two channels, with channel 1 showing higher efficiency (171.43%) compared to channel 2 (155.56%). This discrepancy can be attributed to higher marketing cost (Rs.1233.75) and marketing margin (Rs.3266.25) per 100 fruits in case of channel 2, which ultimately reduces the producer’s share in consumer rupees. These results provide valuable insights into the distribution of profits and costs among different farmers in pineapple farming, contributing to a better understanding of the overall performance of marketing channels.
Antibacterial Activity of Fresh Palm Fruit (Veitichia merillii) against Propionibacterium acnes Bacteria
Authors: Andini Arista Suci , Juniawan Alvin , Irawan Fahrul , Rafi’ah ST. , Amelia Devi
Published: July 2023

Antibiotics or antimicrobials are a group of compounds, both natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic, which have the property of killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria. The infection studied in this research is a skin infection caused by the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. Several studies have examined the bioactivity potential of palm plant parts such as the toxicity of palm fruit seeds to Artemia salina larvae. but there is no data regarding the antimicrobial potential of the palm fruit itself. The novelty of this study lies in the maturity phase of the simplicia or fruit used, namely ripe, half-riped and unripe palm fruit and the type of pathogenic bacteria that was inhibited, namely Propionibacterium acnes which was carried out in vitro. The purpose of this study was to determine whether palm fruit has antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and the ripening phase of the fruit has the highest antimicrobial activity. The research method used is laboratory experimental research. Antibacterial activity test of palm fruit against bacteria was carried out in vitro using the disc method with an activity indicator in the form of the diameter of the inhibition zone. Fresh palm fruit (Veitichia merillii) juice has antibacterial activity against the acne-causing bacteria Propionibacterium acnes, but has a different level of inhibition when viewed from the level of maturity. The highest antibacterial activity based on research results was observed at the ripeness level (yellow/orange color) which was indicated by the width of the inhibition zone of 23.9 mm.
Evaluation of Eucalyptus Clones for Growth and Yield in Southern Region of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Nagarjuna D. , Devipriya A. , Mallikarjun M. , Naveen S. , Jyothi G. L. Siva , Sumathi V.
Published: July 2023

Eucalyptus is one of the most commonly planted forest species in the world due to its resilience to a variety of climatic and edaphic conditions as well as its use in the paper and pulp industry. The primary factor in the use of species at the farming and commercial levels in agroforestry is the higher productivity the species in a short time of 4-5 years. Superior clones are produced by Eucalyptus clonal trials at several areas, depending on the needs and performance. The present study was carried out to assess the growth and yield performance of Eucalyptus clones in southern region of Andhra Pradesh for identification of promising clones for the region. A clonal trial was established in the year 2012 with 49 clones to assess their suitability in the region.  The results of growth performance on evaluation of these clones represents clone BCM-288 (13.9m) recorded higher tree height and the highest value of DBH belonged to clone BCM-23 (42.3 cm). The remaining clones had different ranks of DBH and height increments as compared to mean. The clone BCM-2169 recorded the maximum stem weight (125.8 kg/tree) and total above ground biomass (148.7 kg/tree) among the clones tested and clones BCM- 23 and BCM-571 recorded at par values.  The clone BCM-27 recorded the least stem weight, foliage weight and above ground biomass proving to be a least performer among the clones tested.  Therefore, in future, these promising clones (BCM-2169, BCM-23 and BCM-571) can be cloned for development and deployment of genetically superior clonal planting stock for reforestation, farming and Agroforestry projects in southern region of Andhra Pradesh.
Alternative Cropping Systems to Mitigate Carbon Dioxide Emission in Rice Fields under Different Nutrient Levels
Authors: Raj Anju B. , John Jacob , Pillai P. Shalini , Meera A. V. , Manju R. V. , Sudha B.
Published: July 2023

The impact of different cropping systems and nutrient levels on carbon dioxide emission, soil temperature and soil moisture were studied. The experiment was carried out at Integrated Farming System Research Station, Karamana, during kharif, rabi and summer seasons of 2020-2021 in split plot design with five cropping systems as main plots (rice-rice-fallow(C1), rice-rice-sweet potato(C2), rice-sweet potato-amaranthus(C3), rice-(cassava+bush cowpea)-daincha(C4), rice-rice-daincha(C5) and three fertilizer doses as sub plots (F1:Full FYM+Full N+Full P+Full K(As per the recommendation of Kerala Agricultural University), F2:3/4  FYM+3/4  N+3/4  P+Full K and F3 :1/2 FYM+1/2 N+1/2 P + Full K) replicated thrice. Results showed that, during kharif, rabi and summer seasons, F1 (Full FYM+ full N, P, K) recorded the highest CO2 emission (321,331.4 and 322.33 ppm respectively) and the lowest CO2 emission (290.13, 291.06 and 289.20 ppm respectively) was recorded in F3 (½ FYM+ ½ N+ ½ P+ full K). Also, CO2 flux was linearly related with soil temperature.