bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The French Background of Tocqueville’s Democracy in America
Authors: Newman Edgar Leon
Published: January 2022

“In America,” Tocqueville wrote, “I saw more than America; I sought there the image of democracy itself, with its inclinations, its character, its prejudices, and its passions, in order to learn what we have to fear or to hope from its progress.”’ In other words, Tocqueville’s Democracy in America is really a book about France. More than that, it is a book about the future of the world. “The whole book,” he said in his introduction to Democracy in America “has been written under the influence of a kind of religious awe produced in the author’s mind by the view of that irresistible revolution which has advanced for centuries … and which is still advancing in the midst of the ruins it has caused.” Tocqueville’s attitude was the product of his own family background, of his own education, and of French history. In this paper I would like to take up these three roots (personal, intellectual, and historical) of his Democracy in America and then give a brief overview of what he found.
Tocqueville et les illusions pénitentiaires
Authors: Peyrefitte Alain
Published: January 2022

Dans la collection des Œuvres complètes d’Alexis de Tocqueville, chez Gallimard, deux volumes viennent de paraître sous le titre Ecrits sur le système pénitentiaire en France et à l’étranger (586 et 374 p.). Le premier consiste en une édition critique de l’ouvrage publié en 1833 : Le système pénitentiare aux Etats-Unis et son application en France. Cet ouvrage est issu de l’enquête menée aux Etats-Unis en 1831 par Tocqueville et Gustave de Beaumont. Il est signé des deux auteurs et fut principalement rédigé par Beaumont. Le second volume comprend les textes écrits par le seul Tocqueville sur le système pénitentiaire tant en France qu’à l’étranger. L’ensemble de cette édition a été savamment préparée par Michelle Perrot. Nous sommes heureux, à cette occasion, de présenter à nos lecteurs une importante étude d’Alain Peyrefitte sur la pensée pénale et pénitentiaire de Tocqueville.
1984 + 1 … Your Turn, Monsieur Tocqueville
Authors: Tiryakian Edward A.
Published: January 2022

On August 27, 1984, (he American Sociological Association held a plenary session during the course of its annual meeting in San Antonio, Texas, on the theme “The Orwellian Vision: Sociological Assessment.” As befitting a special occasion, the session had distinguished participants: it was chaired by Wilbert Moore, with presentations made by Gary Marx, Kai Erikson, and Morris Janowitz, and finally, Seymour Lipset as discussant. Needless to say, it was quite appropriate for sociologists to come together to discuss, thirty-five years after its publication, a work in the genre of utopia (or dystopia) which has generated so much discussion and commentary as a sort of yardstick of the dark side of modern society. For about a year before the ASA meetings, the mass media and more specialized publications had run various articles on “1984,” and surely if we were to analyze the various writings on 1984 written on the eve or during 1984 we would have ingress to intriguing aspects of the American mentalité and its collective representations, projections, and rationalizations. This was not undertaken by the session participants, and this is not the occasion for my doing so.
Are Americans Still Citizens?
Authors: Bellah Robert N.
Published: January 2022

Central to the argument of Democracy in America is Tocqueville’s description of American individualism and his analysis of its consequences for the mores and ultimately for political life. Since Tocqueville believed that individualism might ultimately threaten the conditions for citizenship in America, it is not inappropriate, in this 150th year after the publication of Democracy in America, to ask the question. Are Americans still citizens? I would like first to review Tocqueville’s discussion, supplementing it with some statements by Ralph Waldo Emerson written in the 1830s and 40s, and then to look at the same issues in contemporary life. In the latter effort, I will rely on research more fully reported in Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life, written with Richard Madsen, William M. Sullivan, Ann Swidler, and Steven M. Tipton, published in 1985 by the University of California Press. Much of this paper derives from our joint authorship.
Commentary
Authors: Riesman David
Published: January 2022

Three ways to consider Tocqueville and Democracy in America are illustrated by papers here presented. Edward Gargan’s succinct essay invites us to the French milieu in which he was struggling to compose the first volume of Democracy in America. Cargan reminds us of the visions of hope and of disgust initially ignited by reports from the New World. Particularly, Gargan notes the hostility to what were deemed to be the excesses of American democracy then made use of by the more or less restorationist beneficiaries of the July Monarchy. Gargan appreciates that, as Cushing Strout phrased it in a fine essay, Tocqueville was looking at America and thinking of France. Robert Bcllah makes use of Tocqueville as a cautionary tale for contemporary America. Bellah reminds Americans of what he and his colleagues in Habits of the Heart consider as the need as well as the periodic desire we have to behave like citizens, to transcend solipsistic individualism, and what Tocqueville termed “mere mammon worship and the petty personal worries which crop up in the course of everyday life.” Sheldon Wolin does something quite different. Boldly, he seizes on Tocqueville’s way of seeing, his creation of an imaginary past and an imaginary future, to ask to what extent has America in fact become more egalitarian, more democratic, as Tocqueville had anticipated.
John Adams and the French Critics of the Constitution
Authors: Diggins John Patrick
Published: January 2022

« Il n’y pas de pays au monde, écrivit Alexis de Tocqueville, où les doctrines les plus hardies des philosophes du XVIIIe siècle, en matière de politique, soient plus appliquées qu’en Amérique. » Tocqueville ne fut pas le seul à considérer l’Amérique comme « une véritable république de philosophes » fondée sur des idées politiques dûment pesées, plutôt que sur la force, le hasard, une coutume ou une tradition depuis longtemps en vigueur. L’Amérique fut acclamée par des écrivains francais tels que le Marquis de Lafayette, Auguste Comte et Madame de Staël qui croyaient en l’efficacité de la Raison dans le domaine politique aussi bien que dans le domaine scientifique. A l’inverse d’Edmund Burke, pour lequel les origines de tout gouvernement doivent demeurer sous le voile du secret, les penseurs français étaient des rationalistes qui voulaient faire table rase des anciennes coutumes afin de jeter les bases d’un nouveau régime fondé sur les principes libéraux de la Raison et de la Nature. Tout rationalistes qu’ils étaient, les Français n’en étaient pas moins tentés de voir l’Amérique d’un point de vue romantique, comme le lieu où la « sagesse » triomphait sur les « préjugés, le dogme et la superstition » et qui ouvrait la voie à « la liberté, la vertu et la raison.» Les intellectuels français voyaient en l’Amérique la preuve que le Siècle des Lumières français avait trouvé une terre fertile en celle du Nouveau Monde et que le système de gouvernement américain vérifiait la validité de ses principes universels.
The Genesis of American Pluralism
Authors: Zunz Olivier
Published: January 2022

As for me, my bed is made: I am against bigness and greatness in all their forms, and with the invisible molecular moral forces that work from individual to individual, stealing in through the crannies of the world like so many soft rootlets, or like the capillary oozing of water, and yet rending the hardest monuments of man’s pride, if you give them time. The bigger the unit you deal with, the hollower, the more brutal, the more mendacious is the life displayed. So I am against all big organizations as such, national ones first and foremost; against all big successes and big results; and in favor of the eternal forces of truth which always work in the individual and immediately unsuccessful way, underdogs always, till history comes, after they are long dead, and puts them on the top.”
Reforming Tocqueville
Authors: Walters Ronald
Published: January 2022

“Tocqueville,” wrote Lynn L. Marshall and Seymour Drescher in 1968, “enjoys such vogue among current American historians of the [antebellum] period that a proposal to analyze his usefulness as an historical source seems perhaps an entirely unnecessary exercise.” Few would make such a claim in the 1980s. Even as Marshall and Drescher wrote, a continuing stream of social historians had begun the process of transforming the prevailing view of nineteenth-century America. Many of these scholars-now ranging in age from early ’30 to early ’50s--could hardly have escaped Tocqueville and Tocquevillians in their undergraduate and graduate years. Yet they gained their new understanding of American society largely without or in opposition to him. While critics properly point to the “absent Marx” as a striking feature of American historiography, the recent near absence of Tocqueville is equally striking, particularly among historians who write about the nineteenth-century America whose analyst and theorist he was. Tocqueville’s stock fell as that of twentiethcentury thinkers like Clifford Geertz, Antonio Gramsci, and E.P. Thompson rose.
The French Economy at the outset of the New Septennat
Authors: Balassa Bela
Published: January 2022

Since the election of a center-right majority, economic expansion in France has been steady but unspectacular. The gross national product rose by 2.0 percent in 1986 and 2.1 percent in 1987. This increase exceeded the 1.2 percent average growth rate under the socialist government in 1980-85 and matched the German growth rate of 1985-87. In fact, France surpassed Germany in 1987 while falling behind it during the period of the socialist government
Crisis, Decentralization, Cohabitation: Aspects of Change in France. A Summary of Colloquia Held at the Institute of French Studies, New York University, Winter-Spring 1987
Authors: Brown Frederick L.
Published: January 2022

As cohabitation marked its first anniversary this spring, it was clear the much-discussed power arrangement had brought important changes to French politics. The experience will certainly have a great influence during next year’s presidential elections and beyond, both by bolstering Mitterrand’s popularity and by presenting a new model for power division within the executive. Perhaps more importantly, it has clearly proven the adaptability and durability of the Fifth Republic constitution. The March 1986 elections, however, are but one of several junctures which can be seen as initiating a recent period of change in France. Like a Russian Matreshka doll nested within a series of ever-larger dolls, France today is living through at least three events of varying length that both reflect and bring about change: the crisis, decentralization and cohabitation.
The Changing Face of French History. A Summary of Colloquia Held at the Institute of French Studies, New York University, Fall 1987
Authors: Albert Steve
Published: January 2022

A REVIEW OF THE FALL 1987 COLLOQUIA SPONSORED BY NEW YORK UNIVERSITY’S INSTITUTE OF FRENCH STUDIES In the past twenty to thirty years, the conception of history in both France and America has changed considerably. The territory covered by the discipline has broadened to encompass elements of various social sciences, such as anthropology and sociology. In the Fall of 1987, four colloquia at New York University’s Institute of French Studies focused on various facets of French history and its study. Louis Bergeron and Jacques Revel both discussed some of the effects of the expansion of the concept of history on their discipline. Tony Judt examined the French Left in the context of European socialist thought after World War II, demonstrating how “historical” analysis is now being applied to periods as recent as 1945-1975. Finally, Charles Tilly described the writing of his latest book, The Contentious French, offering an example of current analytical methods in social history.
Robert Powell Palmer: The Two Tocquevilles
Authors: Lamberti Jean-Claude
Published: January 2022

Le Professeur Robert Roswell Palmer déclare volontiers que ses réflexions et ses travaux historiques, depuis près de quarante ans, ont été influencés, sinon inspirés, par l’oeuvre d’Alexis de Tocqueville. Cet intérêt pour l’auteur de La Démocratie et Amérique explique suffisamment qu’après avoir longtemps centré ses recherches sur la grande vague atlantique des révolutions de l’égalité et de la liberté, il consacre aujourd’hui un ouvrage à Tocqueville. Plus précisément le dernier ouvrage publié par R.R. Palmer s’intitule The Two Tocquevilles ; l’idée originale qui organise cette publication est de comparer à l’oeuvre historique d’Alexis de Tocqueville, celle de son père, le Comte Hervé de Tocqueville, composée de deux ouvrages aujourd’hui bien oubliés. Après une longue et brillante carrière de Préfet sous la Restauration, le Comte Hervé fut nommé Pair de France en 1828, et, après la Révolution de Juillet, il consacra ses loisirs à la réflexion et à l’étude historique ; à l’âge de soixante-quinze ans il publia une Histoire philosophique du règne de Louis XV et deux ans plus tard, en 1850, un deuxième ouvrage intitulé Coup d’oeil sur la règne de Louis XVI. Au même moment son fils Alexis commençait à travailler au livre dont il devait publier la première moitié en 1856 sous le titre L’Ancien Régime et la Révolution. A sa mort en 1859, il laissa quelques chapitres rédigés de la seconde partie de l’ouvrage, qui devait traiter de la Révolution proprement dite. Ainsi, à quelques années de distance, le père et le fils ont traité du même sujet : les dernières année de la chute de l’Ancien Régime. La situation est assez rare et, peut-être, sans précédent. Mais il fallait savoir s’en étonner et en tirer des leçons utiles.
Founding Republics: The Near Failure of State Governments During the Critical Period (1776-1787)
Authors: Bessette Joseph M.
Published: January 2022

Eleven years ago America celebrated the two-hundredth anniversary of the birth of the United States, an event that was announced to the world in the elegant phrases of the Declaration of Independence of July 4, 1776. This year we celebrated the bicentennial of the drafting of the Constitution, a task that engaged the considerable talents of a remarkable group of men who began three and one-half months of deliberation 200 years ago this week. Next year we will celebrate the anniversary of the ratification of the Constitution; the following year, the actual formation and beginning of the new government; and finally in 1991, the ratification of the Bill of Rights-the first ten amendments to the Constitution.
Les Révolutions américaine et française dans l’oeuvre de Tocqueville
Authors: Lavroff Dmitri Georges
Published: January 2022

Alexis de Tocqueville connut un immense succès en France lors de la parution De la démocratie en Amérique puis sa renommée s’estompa pour renaître dans les années 1950. Par contre aux Etats Unis son oeuvre obtint lentement mais constamment une audience qui est aujourd’hui plus importante que dans le pays qui l’a vu naître. Cette évolution contrastée peut être expliquée par deux raisons. La première est que les Français et les Américains ne voient pas, me semble-t-il, la même chose dans son oeuvre ; pour les Français, Tocqueville est le théoricien du mouvement démocratique qui a su établir des lois au travers d’une évolution qui est apparemment désordonnée alors que les Américains apprécient tout particulièrement le sérieux et la profondeur de ses analyses des faits et des institutions, l’observateur passionné d’un système politique original qui avait suscité un enthousiasme européen initial mais peu d’études approfondies et générales sur leur objet.
D’une révolution à l’autre: les consuls de France aux Etats-Unis, 1783-1789
Authors: Chevignard Bernard
Published: January 2022

En 1791, en préfaçant son Nouveau Voyage dans les Etats-Unis de l’Amérique Septentrionale, fait en 1788, le Girondin Jacques-Pierre Brissot de Warville s’en prenait rageusement aux diplomates en poste aux Etats-Unis : « Les consuls étrangers sont ceux qui décrient avec le plus d’acharnement la constitution américaine, et je le dis avec douleur, j’ai vu ce même acharnement dans quelques-uns des nôtres.... Une république était une chose monstrueuse à leur yeux. » Il ajoutait cependant en note : « Je dois dire que parmi ces consuls, M. Crèvecoeur est le seul dans lequel je n’ai pas trouvé ces maximes anti-républicaines. M. Létombe m’a paru juger aussi les Américains un peu moins monarchiquement que ses confrères. » Or, en 1788, l’année même de ce voyage, à l’issue d’une tournée d’inspection sans complaisance, le nouveau ministre plénipotentiaire du gouvernement français, Elie de Moustier, avait dressé de la situation un tableau tout aussi noir, mais pour des raisons diamétralement opposées à celles de son remuant compatriote : « Jamais établisssement consulaire n’a eu un plus grand besoin d’être remonté que celui des Etats-Unis » :
IMPACT OF THE LEVEL OF DIGITAL PUBLIC SERVICES ON THE FULFILLMENT OF TAX OBLIGATIONS
Authors:   University of Economics in Bratislava, Faculty of National Economy, Department of Finance, Dolnozemská cesta 1 852 35 Bratislava Slovak Republic, Ihnatišinová Denisa
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the paper is to find out how digitalization makes it possible to simplify the fulfilment of tax obligations of taxable persons - entrepreneurs. Digital development of tax administration means the level of digital services to tax entities. Taxpayers are perceived by the tax administration as clients who need to be simplified as much as possible. Introducing or increasing the provision of online services, pre-filled forms or electronization of invoices are current trends that reduce the time devoted to taxes. By monitoring the relationship between the development of the level of digital public services and the evolution of the number of hours needed to meet the tax obligations of the entrepreneur, it was found that the gradual introduction of digital projects reduces the administrative burden on taxable persons.
MEASURING TOURISM EXPERIENCE: PERSPECTIVES OF DIFFERENT TOURISTS SEGMENTS
Authors:   University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Primorska 46, 51410 Opatija, Croatia, Marković Suzana , Raspor Janković Sanja ,   Polytechnic of Rijeka, Trpimirova 2/V, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia, Šker Irena ,   University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija, Primorska 42, P.O. Box 97, 51410 Opatija, Croatia
Published: January 2022

The present study explores tourism experience construct and its outcomes at a local heritage site in Croatia. It aims to investigate potential differences in heritage tourism experience in regard to visitors’ nationality and frequency of visiting the site. The tourism experience construct was measured with five dimensions (senses, on-site engagement, staff, learning, emotions), while three constructs were deemed as tourism experience outcomes (satisfaction, behavioral intentions, and memory). A sample of 165 respondents was collected from heritage site visitors. Descriptive statistics and t-test were performed to analyze data and to address the research questions. The results revealed that domestic visitors and the repeated ones reported significantly more positive heritage site experience, and expressed significantly higher levels of experience outcomes than foreign and first-time visitors.
THEORETICAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF HYDROGEN DIFFUSION IN Zr-Nb ALLOYS
Authors:   Instituto Sabato, UNSAM/CNEAAv. Gral. Paz 1499, (1650) San Martín, Argentina., Beltramo G. , Ramunni V.P. ,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - CONICETGodoy Cruz 2390 (C1425FQD), Argentina., Pasianot R.C. ,   1-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - CONICETGodoy Cruz 2390 (C1425FQD), Argentina. 2-Gcia. Materiales, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica,Av. Gral. Paz 1499, (1650) San Martín, Argentina
Published: January 2022

Within the framework of the delayed hydride cracking phenomena reported for the pressure tubes of CANDU-type nuclear reactors, we study the influence of the Zr-β(∼20 %Nb -∼80 %Zr) continuous phase on the hydrogen diffusion coefficient,DH, through the Zr-α/ Zr-βbiphasic alloy. We propose an improved phenomenological model forDHwithrespect to those found in the literature. Furthermore, we study the influence of the Nb content on DH for the cubic phase Zr-β, employing the transition state theory furnished with ab-initio parameters provided by the SIESTA code. In particular, 9 ordered alloys are considered with different Nb content and effective activation energies are computed by Arrhenius fits for each alloy. We find that activation energies vary in a non-monotonic way as Nb content increases, reaching a maximum value at about Zr-50 %Nb. Finally, we observe that the predicted and measured larger diffusivity along the tube axis vs. the radial direction, is consistent with the material texture. Moreover, we conclude that the loss of continuity of the Zr-βsheets present in the tube microstructure, is consistent with the decrease of DH in time at agiven temperature.
SOCIAL MEDIA AND DIGITAL FUTURES IN INDIAN COVID – 19 ERA
Authors: Kathuria Tanu
Published: January 2022

The present paper addresses the importance of Social Media platforms during pandemic. It has been discussed as to how social media platforms have been a key piece for the dissemination of information as never in human history earlier, it has been possible to communicate so quickly. Its usage has shown to increase in situations of natural disaster and other crises. Responsible use of these tools can help quickly disseminate important new information, relevant new scientific findings, share diagnostic, treatment, and follow-up protocols, as well as compare different approaches globally, removing geographic boundaries for the first time in history. Through social media communication, the scientific community got enabled to collaborate, coordinate research and knowledge, around the globe in a faster way and enhance their capabilities to make a more resilient community. Following the descriptive methodology, paper attempts to list out the points as to how during the 2020 global pandemic, social media has become an ally but also a potential threat and how effective as a tool it is during present pandemic. How effectively social media is circulating the most important findings of a disease, with a decreased knowledge transition time to other healthcare providers (HCPs) is documented in detail in the paper. It is further documented as to how the high volumes of information compressed into a short period can result in overwhelmed HCPs trying to discern fact from noise. For the ease in practice and in the research, to use these tools in a responsible and useful way, it is recommended to follow some basic guidelines when sharing information on social networks in the COVID-19 era. In this paper, we summarize the most relevant information on the influence, advantages, and disadvantages of the use of social networks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, the present study deals with the importance of digital space and the impact of digitization to deal with the health crisis and economic crises in tandem. Further the paper attempts to list down the key issues that are important for research and practice and concludes that there is an opportunity to grow as a digital scientific community as well as the digital lay public by equipping them with the required resources and accesses to deal with the post COVID -19 scenario which is a digital form of present scenario.
DECONSTRUCTING MASCULINITY: CHANGING PORTRAYAL OF INDIAN MEN ON OTT PLATFORMS
Authors: Sangra Seema
Published: January 2022

Over the years, media has been invoking 'hegemonic masculinity’ and producing a one-tone representation of men, who are linear, flat, and in line with the traditional definition of manliness. Such unrealistic images of men lead to the reinforcement of prejudice against other genders, which also has damaging repercussions on men. However, there is a noticeable silver lining with the entry of Over the Top (OTT) platforms as they are challenging such representations. These platforms chart out the basic premise of the theory of social construction of reality that helps construct new realities of masculinity, defying 'hegemonic masculinity.' This paper aims to critically examine and evaluate masculinity's representation in various Indian OTT platforms' content and understand how the Indian OTT content is blurring masculinity images instead of what the cultural products are portraying. The paper also intends to analyse the male lead characters and their positioning, which does not compartmentalise men's attributes into the existing patriarchal male image, representing them as real and relatable. This paper substantiates the method of discourse analysis. Three content from Indian OTT platforms are selected with the purposive sampling method - 'Little Things' – Season 1 & 2 on Netflix, 'Made in Heaven' on Amazon Prime, and 'Yeh Meri Family' on TVF Play, to analyse along variables formulated to justify the hypothesis – 'Indian content on OTT platforms is blurring the one-tone representation of masculinity. The paper proposes a revised study of men and masculinity, challenging the patriarchal framework of gender and power for future development in the study. The study posits that OTT platforms have taken a step towards bringing equality among and within genders through their representation to make a difference and build acceptance in society for heterogeneity within masculinity.
A 540° posterior-anterior-posterior approach for 360° fused rigid severe cervical kyphosis: patient series
Authors: Jian Qiang , Liu Zhenlei , Duan Wanru , Guan Jian , Jian Fengzeng , Chen Zan
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Treatment of severe rigid 360° fused cervical kyphosis (CK) is challenging and often requires a combined approach for ankylosis release, establishment of sagittal balance, and fixation with fusion.

OBSERVATIONS

Four patients with iatrogenic 360° fused severe rigid CK (Cobb angle ≥40°) were enrolled for this retrospective analysis. All patients in the case series were female, with an average age of 27 years. All patients previously underwent posterior laminectomy/laminoplasty and cervical tumor resection when they were children (13–17 years). They underwent correction surgery with a 540° posterior-anterior-posterior approach. Preoperative and final follow-up radiography and computed tomography (CT) were used to evaluate kyphosis correction, internal fixation implants, and bone fusion. The preoperative and final follow-up average C2–7 Cobb angles were −32.4° ± 12.0° and 5.3° ± 7.1°, respectively. Preoperative and final follow-up CK angles averaged −47.2° ± 7.4° and −0.9° ± 16.1°, respectively. The mean correction angle was 46.3° ± 9.6°. At final follow-up, CT showed stable fixation and solid bone fusion.

LESSONS

The rare iatrogenic severe kyphosis with 360° ankylosis requires a combined approach. The 540° posterior-anterior-posterior approach can completely release the bony fusion, and the CK can be corrected using an anterior plate. This technique can achieve good results and is an effective strategy.
Analisis Ekonomi dan Kriteria Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries alat tangkap bagan perahu di PPI Air Bangis Sumatera Barat
Authors: Arkham Muhammad Nur , Gunawan Windri , Sari Ratih Purnama , Tiku Mathius , Haris Rangga Bayu Kusuma , Hutapea Roma Yuli F
Published: January 2022

Nagari Air Bangis merupakan sebuah desa yang berada di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Potensi sumberdaya perikanan yang ada di Air Bangis sangat besar dan banyak yang memiliki usaha perikanan tangkap. Salah satu usaha perikanan tangkap yang terus berkembang adalah alat tangkap bagan perahu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai ekonomi dan menggambarkan dukungan pengembangan alat tangkap bagan perahu berdasarkan CCRF di Perairan Air Bangis, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu dengan survey dan observasi secara langsung, sedangkan untuk teknik pemilihan responden menggunakan metode purposive samplaing. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis ekonomi dan kriteria alat tangkap ramah lingkungan berdasarkan code of conduct for responsible fisheries (CCRF). Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa alat tangkap bagan perahu yang dioperasikan oleh nelayan di PPI Air Bangis secara ekonomi menguntungkan dan layak untuk dilanjutkan usahanya dilihat dari nilai R/C rasio sebesar 1,35 dengan keuntungan per tahun sebesar Rp. 442.500.000,00. Dilihat dari segi lingkungan juga menunjukkan bahwa alat tangkap bagan perahu termasuk dalam kategori sangat ramah lingkungan dari hasil penilaian kriteria dengan pendekatan CCRF menunjukkan bobot rata-rata sebesar 31,4.
The profile of biology teaching and learning materials from scientific literacy perspective
Authors: Sari Indah Karunia , Anwar Yenny , Meilinda Meilinda
Published: January 2022

Many researchers have developed scientific literacy, but no one has done scientific literacy study on biology teaching materials that include environmental change materials. The purpose of this study is to assess scientific literacy in senior high school biology teaching materials utilized by teachers in Palembang's Ilir Barat I district. This research was conducted using biology teaching materials in the form of books and modules used by teachers in grade X in 13 senior high schools in Ilir Barat I district, Palembang, both in public and private schools. This study employed a descriptive technique with content analysis, which included collecting and assessing biology teaching materials for senior high school grade X. All biology teaching materials for grade X of senior high school utilized in Ilir Barat I district Palembang were used as the population in this study, with environmental changes in biology teaching and learning materials for grade X of senior high school as the sample. The findings revealed that the scientific literacy category was represented in the teaching materials used in 13 senior high schools in the district of Ilir Barat 1 Palembang, with an average percentage of 34.24% for the body of knowledge, 45.35% for a method of investigation, 9.75% for a method of thinking, and 10.86% for the category of science, technology, and society interaction.
Analysis of students’ question types in biology learning using problem based learning integrated with ‘questions-students-have’ strategy
Authors: Chairunnisa Hasna , Zulfiani Zulfiani
Published: January 2022

Students' thinking abilities can be identified through the questions they ask during the learning process. This study aims to analyze the types of students’ questions with the Problem Based Learning model integrated with ‘Questions-Students-Have’ (QSH) strategy. This study was conducted at SMAN Tangerang Year XI MIA 3. The research method used was descriptive research. Sampling was in the form of non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. Instruments were in the form of teacher observation sheets, student observation sheets, and student worksheets. The data analysis technique was done by quantitative descriptive. The result of this study is the Problem Based Learning model integrated with the ‘Questions-Students-Have’ strategy can stimulate students to ask questions and be able to improve students' ability to ask questions.
Developing islamic values-based biology smart cards for the eleventh-grade students of special school
Authors: Asy Syifa Nusa Intan , Haka Nukhbatul Bidayati
Published: January 2022

Students with special needs require specific education services different from other students in general. This research aims to develop Islamic value-based biology smart cards media for students with hearing and visual impairments. Furthermore, this research also seeks to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed learning media in improving students' learning motivation. This research employed the research and development method (R & D) with the development procedure proposed by Borg and Gall, which consists of nine stages. The research involved three experts in validating the product: a media expert, a material expert, and a language expert. Ten students with hearing impairment and ten students with visual impairment were selected as the research subjects. The validation findings from media experts are 98.5 percent, material experts' validation results are 97.32 percent, and linguists' validation results are 98.12 percent. The findings of the paired sample t-test were 0.00 < 0.05. As a result of the product trial, it can be determined that the developed Islamic value-based biology smart card media are feasible and effective in enhancing eleventh-grade special school students' motivation with hearing and visual impairments.
Feasibility of e-booklet learning media on the concept of human reproductive system
Authors: Devi Amalia Kusuma , Noorhidayati Noorhidayati , Hardiansyah Hardiansyah
Published: January 2022

Educators are the major players in the teaching process to enhance the accomplishment of student learning results. Biology subject, mainly the concept of Human Reproductive System, necessitates media relevant to learning objectives, student conditions, and technology development. Hopefully, learning media can assist the learning process by being packaged attractively to reach learning standards. In this case, the selected form of learning media is E-Booklet. This study aims to describe the feasibility of E-Booklet Learning Media in Concept Human Reproductive Systems. The research technique involves the step-by-step study and development utilizing a 4D model: 1) define, 2) design, 3) develop, and 4) disseminate. The feasibility of the E-Booklet has indicated the results of testing by 3 (three) experts using a feasibility instrument. The Human Reproductive System E-Booklet test shows that the results are very feasible (4.49) utilized as a biology learning medium. The dissemination of E-booklets is done online through posters that contain links and barcodes of E-booklets that can be accessed via the internet.
JAMINAN KESEHATAN DAN PENDAPATAN KELUARGA BALITA STUNTING
Authors: Fitriani Sinta , Yogaswara Dadan , Wahyuni Sri , Maulida Yuni Nur , Maulida Sopi
Published: January 2022

Balita stunting berkontribusi terhadap 1,5 juta (15%) kematian anak balita di dunia dan menyebabkan 55 juta Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) yaitu hilangnya masa hidup sehat setiap tahun. Jaminan kesehatan dan pendapatan keluarga merupakan salah satu faktor yang berhubungan tidak langsung dengan kejadian stunting. Akan tetapi dapat mempengaruhi ketersediaan sumber gizi serta perlindungan diri saat menanganai permasalahan infeksi pada balita yang bermuara pada resiko kejadian stunting. Tujuan penelitian : Untuk mengetahui gambaran kepemilikan jaminan kesehatan serta pendapatan keluarga balita stunting. Metodologi penelitian : Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu yang memiliki balita stunting Di Desa Sukamulya Kecamatan Singaparna sebanyak 18 orang. Tehnik pengambilan sampling menggunakan total sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis univariat dimana hasil disajikan dalam bentuk presentase dan dibuat secara naratif.  Hasil penelitian : Terdapat 38,9% keluarga balita stunting yang  tidak memiliki jaminan kesehatan, mayoritas jenis jaminan kesehatan yang dimiliki oleh keluarga stunting adalah Kartu Indonesia Sehat serta mayoritas pendapatan keluarga balita stunting di Desa Sukamulya Kecamatan Singaparna adalah dibawah UMR yaitu 72,2%. Kesimpulan dan saran : Keluarga dapat meningkatkan pencarian informasi tentang pentingnya memiliki jaminan kesehatan seghingga dapat memanfaatkan pelayanan yang disediakan sebagai program penyelesaian permasalahan stunting. Selain itu program perbaikan gizi keluarga melalui pemanfaatan lahan masyarakat dapat membantu dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi masyarakat.

 

Kata kunci: Stunting, Kepemilikan jaminan kesehatan, pendapatan keluarga, balita
GAMBARAN HYGIENE SANITASI DI KAWASAN “P”
Authors: Marfiana Pipit
Published: January 2022

Hygiene sanitasi merupakan upaya pengendalian faktor resiko terjadinya kontaminasi terhadap makanan baik yang berasal dari bahan makanan, orang, tempat dan peralatan agar aman dikonsumsi. Berdasarkan data Tempat Pengolahan Makanan Menurut Kemenkes RI (2018) Tempat Pengolahan Makanan (TPM) memiliki potensi yang cukup besar untuk menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan atau penyakit bahkan keracunan akibat dari makanan yang dihasilkannya. TPM adalah usaha pengolahan makanan yang meliputi jasa boga atau katering, rumah makan dan restoran, depot air minum, kantin, makanan jajanan. Persentase TPM yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan secara nasional pada tahun 2018 adalah 26,41%, tahun 2017 adalah 18,04%. Namun capaian ini belum memenuhi target Renstra Kementerian Kesehatan RI 2018 untuk Tempat Pengolahan Makanan memenuhi syarat kesehatan yaitu sebesar 26%. Sedangkan di Jawa Barat Tempat Pengolahan Makanan yang memenuhi syarat tahun 2018 19,69%, tahun 2017 14,71%. Sementara Puskesmas pun tidak memiliki alat untuk melakukan pemeriksaan sampel. Untuk sistem pelaporan kegiatan yang sudah berbasis elektronik (internet) masih belum optimal terkait penurunan koneksi jaringan pada sistem monev elektronik Tempat Pengolahan Makanan, yang berdampak pada penurunan semangat sanitarian dalam menginput hasil IKL (Inspeksi Kesehatan Lingkungan) Tempat Pengolahan Makanan yang terdapat di wilayah kerja mereka pada aplikasi tersebut. Tujuan Penelitan ini untuk mengetahui Gambaran hygiene sanitasi pada pedagang makanan di Kawasan “P”. Metode Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan berdasarkan wawancara 72 pedagang Kawasan “P”. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Gambaran Hygiene Sanitasi di Kawasan “P” sudah dilaksanakan sehingga dapat menciptakan tempat kerja yang aman, nyaman, tertib dan teratur. Namun adanya kekurangan hygiene, sanitasi dan pengetahuan perlu adanya evaluasi serta peningkatan dalam Gambaran Hygiene Sanitasi di Kawasan “P”.
Role of Integrated Radiology Information System for Emergency Radiology
Authors: Romadhoni Efriza Nur , Darmini Darmini Darmini , Andayani Tri
Published: January 2022

Background: Emergency radiology has an important role. Based on several studies the factors responsible for delayed emergency care mostly involve imaging. All reports underscore the importance of imaging efficiency and the impact of imaging delays, which increase length of stay and exacerbate emergency department overcrowding, further limiting access to care and ultimately affecting radiographic results.Methods: This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach using literature study.Results:One of the problems in emergency services is waiting time as a local imaging barrier. A good RIS configuration is able to describe the workflow in each section, The digital imaging system supports the radiographer's records, including delays in the waiting room, and records of factors affecting scan time. HIS and RIS play a role in increasing patient efficiency and effectiveness. HIS stores, manages and captures information related to patient health activities and statistical data of health organizations. RIS is software that radiology installations use to improve radiological reporting quality and secure patient diagnostic results for years. As well as ensuring a smooth workflow in radiology installations and improving reporting quality.Conclusion: Good RIS integration is able to support the efficiency of emergency patient examinations, optimize patient waiting time and increase patient satisfaction.
The Effect of Mother-to-Baby Skin Contact on Decreasing Fever after DPT1/HB1/HIB1 Immunization in the Work Area of the Bancak Health Center, Semarang Regency
Authors: Tri Murti Warih Handayani , Widyastuti Erna , Rahayu Sri
Published: January 2022

One of the immunizations included in the government program is DPT immunization. The side effect of DPT immunization is high fever which can be treated such as giving antipyretic drugs, increasing breast milk, and wiping or in warm water compresses (IDAI, 2011). The purpose of this study was to prove the effect of mother-to-child skin contact on reducing fever after DPT1/Hb1/Hib1 immunization in the Bancak Health Center, Semarang Regency. This research method uses a Quasi Experimental design with a Pretest-Posttest Non Equivalent Control Group Design. The population of this study was the number of infants who were immunized by DPT1/Hb1/Hib1 in the Work Area of the Bancak Health Center, Semarang Regency, as many as 63 babies. The technique used in this research is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling type. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the average decrease in body temperature of infants with fever after DPT1/Hb1/Hib1 immunization in the intervention group and the control group (p-value 0.001). It is hoped that families, health workers and the community can apply skin to skin in handling baby fever.
EFEKTIVITAS MENGKONSUMSI BUAH SIWALAN DAN NATA DE COCO TERHADAP NILAI DEBRIS INDEKS PADA SISWA KELAS IV SD NGESREP 02 SEMARANG
Authors: Mardiati Erni , Susilowati Aning , Fatmasari Diyah , Siregar Irma H.Y
Published: January 2022

TITLEThe effectiveness of siwalan fruit and nata de coco consumption to debris index on forth level students SD Ngesrep 02 SemarangABSTRACTSiwalan was two plants, on one tree there is only one type of flower is male or female. Young palm fruit flesh is good to eat and the water taste sweet. Nata de coco is a type of beverage component which is a compound cellulose (dietary fiber), which is produced from coconut water through a fermentation process, which involves microorganisms (microbes). Debris index is a score on soft sediment that occurs because of the leftovers are attached to the teeth determinants. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of consuming fruit and nata de coco palm against the value of the index debris on fourth grade students Ngesrep 02 Semarang.The method used in this study is quasy experiment or often referred to as a quasi-experimental. The design of this study using two groups of samples by measuring the initial observation and final observation. The population in this study is a fourth grade student Ngesrep 02 Semarang with the number of students 38 children. Menggunakan deskriptif quantitative analysis with tabulation method to determine the effectiveness of palm fruit consumption and nata de cocoterhadap impairment DI.Results showed the averages index debris before consuming palm fruit was 1.13% and after consuming palm fruit was 0.43 so it has a difference of 0.7. While the averages index debris before taking nata de coco is 1,1% after consuming nata de coco is 0.6 so it has a difference of 0.5. This shows that palm fruit debris tends to be more effective in lowering the index compared with nata de coco with the difference that was not significant. Keywords :  Siwalan, Nata de coco, Debris Index
HUBUNGAN KONSENTRASI LARUTAN BERKUMUR AIR REBUSAN BUAH MANGGIS DENGAN PERUBAHAN PH SALIVA
Authors: Sutomo Bambang , Santoso Bedjo , Wiradona Irmanita , Riski Riski
Published: January 2022

TITLEThe relationship between concentration of mangosteen water stew as gargle and pH salivaABSTRACTCaries prevalence of people is 72.1%, with active caries prevalence of 46.5%. The incidence of dental caries due to the activity of microorganisms that leaven carbohydrates (substrate) to form acids that condition oral pH decreased to below 5. In order to maintain the pH of saliva can be done with traditional medicine, one of the mangosteen fruit. In the mangosteen fruit there is the content of alpha-mangostin and gamma-mangostin, which works as an anti-microbial. The study aims to determine the relationship between the concentration of the solution in boiling water to rinse the mangosteen fruit with changes in salivary pH.This type of research is a quasy experimental, with a design pretest-posttest design experiment. The subject of research conducted on the population that met the inclusion criteriawhich have no more than two carious tooth element and does not have gingivitis. The data analysis method is descriptive quantitative and correlation with Chi Square test.The results showed pH saliva in concentrations of 50%, before rinsing average salivary pH of 7.12 to 7.6. At a concentration of 75%, initial salivary pH was 7.2 and then changed to 8.0. Salivary pH changes after rinsing into acids derived from a concentration of 50%, whereas the increase tend to base is obtained from the concentration of 75%. The test results with the Chi square statistic obtained p.value = 0,142, and the interpretation was no relationship of the use of boiled water concentration of mangosteen to changes in salivary pH. Suggestions research results as a reference for the development of further research by conducting a more varied concentration of the solution formula to determine the right dose.  Key words : concentration mangosteen fruit stew
TANGGUNG JAWAB PERAWAT GIGI TERHADAP TINDAKAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN GIGI YANG SESUAI DAN TIDAK SESUAI KOMPETENSI
Authors: Prasko Prasko , Salikun Salikun , Supardan Iman
Published: January 2022

TITLEThe dental nurse responsible to appropriate and incompetent dental servicesABSTRACTAuthority possessed by a dental nurse to perform ministerial duties is the legal authority (rechtsbevoegheid). On the basis of this authority, a health worker is entitled to treatment in accordance with their competence. When the administrative requirements to carry out the profession have been met, then the dental nurse as a profession carrier has obtained the professional authority in the work. However, if a health worker do the job without authority, may be considered to violate one of the professional standards of health workers. The purpose of this study was to determine the responsibility of Dental Nurses implementation of the actions of dental health services in Bergas PHC, Duren PHC and Suruh PHC in district of Semarang. This research is a descriptive study that aims to describe systematically and accurately the facts and characteristics of the population or about a particular field. This study sought to describe a situation or event. The instrument used was the questionnaire.From the results of the study conducted by researchers in the field of the Dental Nurses at Duren PHC, Duren PHC and Suruh PHC in district of Semarang by interview can be seen and showed that the majority of Dental Nurses who work in clinics have been carrying out job responsibilities properly in accordance with the competence of Nurses teeth and is in conformity with the laws and regulations governing dental Nurses. But also the results obtained that a small portion Dental Nurses who perform actions beyond the competence stipulated in the legislation governing the dental nurse. Keywords : Responsibilities of Dental Nurses, Dental Health Care Measures