bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variations of the Addition of Thrown Forms to a Built-Up Form
Authors:   , Gieber P.
Published: February 2023

The development of this thesis grew primarily out of a desire to express myself in creative form, to explore concepts utilizing the combination of two distinct forming methods, and to produce a foundation from which I will be able to intensify the importance of art forms produced in clay.
Weighing the Impacts of Airbnb in Iceland: Multivariate Perspectives
Authors:   , Gorlick Alexa
Published: February 2023

This research sought to evaluate if the sharing economy leader, Airbnb, creates impacts that residents of Iceland feel they experience. The study also aimed to discover if rural and urban inhabitants have similar perspectives on Airbnb impacts. Airbnb’s entrepreneurial encroachment into the accommodation sector has caused a multitude of localities to manage an assortment of complex affairs. These matters are difficult to solve due to their changing, contradictory, and incomplete premise. The purpose of this research is to determine if Airbnb activity is prominent in Iceland and therefore causing the country to experience similar issues that officials are struggling to solve in many major cities worldwide. This was established by running descriptive statistics on data obtained through a voluntary survey. This research can aid in creating international legislative platforms to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks related to Airbnb, as matters in Iceland can show similarity to other global cities. Locally, the results discovered in Iceland will be valuable to the Icelandic Tourist Board’s ongoing research on tourism trends within the island. Tourism was pushed as a tool in Iceland after the 2008 financial crisis in response to the country’s failing fishing and aluminum industries. Tourism now accounts for upwards of 10 percent of Iceland’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). There is a concern for the economic endeavor’s ability to diminish Iceland’s culture and nature, which are what draws tourists initially, making tourism a multiplex theme in Iceland. This research will contribute to the emerging scholarly work on tourism, Airbnb, and their impacts on sensitive polar regions that dictate the rest of the world’s climate such as Iceland.
Osteological Considerations and Aging Methods of Wildtrapped Mink
Authors:   , Birney Elmer
Published: February 2023

A total of 126 mink carcasses was collected in northwestern Kansas during two successive trapping seasons. The eyes of each animal were immediately preserved in 10 percent formalin and the carcasses cooked and cleaned for preservation as partial skeletons. The dry-lens-weight aging method was attempted and selected weights and measurements were taken on the skeletal material. The dry-lens-weight method indicated continuous lens growth. However, deterioration of the lenses and overlap between the age groups rendered the method unsuccessful. The specimens were then placed into two age classes utilizing a combination of age indicators for females and baculum morphology for males. Other aging methods mentioned in recent literature were investigated with varying degrees of success. Four sex-age groups “juvenile females, adult females, juvenile males, and adult males “are used throughout the study. Comparisons were made between the four sex-age groups. It was found that size overlap exists between the sexes, that juvenile mink of both sexes are statistically smaller than adults, and that mink bones tend to gain weight after elongation has ceased. Sex and age rations of the research sample were noted and compared to ration of other researchers. On this basis it appears that age composition and population density are not stable from year to year. Fluctuations may be related to summer weather conditions affecting reproductive success.
Reflections from the Farm
Authors:   , Robben Karen
Published: February 2023

My thesis reveals my reflections from the farm. For years, I have witnessed my husband’s family suffer through rough times and hope for a smoother future. Farming is tough. There are storms, machinery breakdowns, and endless disasters. My paintings are full of symbols and techniques that tell a story about transitions in life and about farming.
A Study of the Small Business Administration Loan Program and the Effect on Kansas Economy
Authors:   , Graham Jack
Published: February 2023

This study was made to examine the loan programs of the Small Business Administration and to determine whether they have benefited the Kansas economy. Methods and Procedures Employed: Material relating to the programs of the Small Business Administration and located in Forsyth Library at Fort Hays Kansas State College. Literature from the Small Business Administration office in Wichita, Kansas, was secured and examined. A survey of Kansas Small Business Administration loan recipients was conducted to determine the effect of the Small Business Administration’s loan programs on the Kansas economy. Summary and Findings: The entire study was to explain the functions of the Small Business Administration and its effects on the Kansas economy. It was found that the different Small Business Administration’s methods of assistance to small businesses are definitely benefiting the Kansas economy. The Small Business Administration has put large amounts of money into the economy in many beneficial areas.
Towards the Within
Authors:   , Kuksi Kris
Published: February 2023

I never knew my father until I met him for the first time as he lay dying in a small hospital in rural Missouri. There couldn’t have been any greater question to ask as to why fate chooses the strangest moments. Fate that answers to moments like these, moments meant to happen. This was the absolute conclusion to the mystery of who my father was, and the finality of this meeting was the most complete I had ever felt. My father died just a few hours later, yet I was in complete acceptance of this happening. Something beyond this reality gave me the chance, the fate to meet him. Fate selects us with no regard to time, place, or love. Passion selects us all at times when it best suits. Passion discovered me at a very young age before I knew what art was. The continuous drive for creation was never far from my mind throughout my youth and early adulthood. Art played the most significant role living in a less than perfect broken home. Questions from family members were always common as to why I chose to draw finely crafted subjects of the macabre and surreal. I never answered directly, yet I knew I was selected to create these images, however bizarre. I felt that to be truest to myself is to accept that I am a creator of abstract ideas and concepts that heavily relate to or rely on the less favored dark side of humanity. For years, my darkest experiences have lead to beauty in works of passion. Works that I have a duty to show to an audience and to society. I give these visions as a testament to human kind, because fate has chosen me.
A Study of the Organizational Structure of the Fort Hays Kansas State College Memorial Union
Authors:   , Ruttman Gerald
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the organizational structure of the Memorial Union: the responsibilities, duties, organizational relationships, and qualifications needed for the performance of these duties, of all supervisory positions and those jobs involving a large number of personnel which have a high turnover rate. In endeavoring to accomplish this purpose, twenty-nine position guides have been written and organizational charts constructed for all departments within the Memorial Union organization. These guides are in the appendices of this report.
An Analysis and Interpretation of The Short Stories and Tales of Joseph Conrad
Authors:   , Berry Leona
Published: February 2023

In the thesis, the writer has attempted to analyze and interpret the short stories and tales of Joseph Conrad by first summarizing and then criticizing each story. In the concluding chapter, the writer has attempted to draw as definite conclusions as possible as to the selection of subject matter and literary technique of Joseph Conrad as shown in his short stories and tales.
Development of Psychological Capital in Students in an Undergraduate Leadership Studies Program
Authors:   , Whitaker Brett
Published: February 2023

Education has come a long way over the course of history. Gone are the days of simply training a student in the technical skills that he or she might need in order to be successful in a career after graduation. Increasingly, colleges and universities are being called on to develop the whole individual. This emphasis IS largely concerned with the behaviors associated with a liberal education, namely those soft skills that are not field specific, but may be vitally important to the student outside of the academic environment. This study investigated the levels of psychological capital areas exhibited by students in the leadership studies program at Fort Hays State University. Based on a survey, the students were evaluated on six different capacities. These survey results were tabulated and analyzed for development over the course of the program of study. The findings generally supported the thesis that students may improve these dimensions as a result of their participation in the program. The study also produced several possible implications for future research, implications for educators, and possible implications for practitioners.
Timing and Intensity of Steer Use on Old World Bluestem (Bothriochloa Ischaemum) and Blue Grama (Bouteloua Gracilis) in Southern Mixed-Grass Prairie
Authors:   , Casey Jessica
Published: February 2023

Yellow bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum), an invasive species, was introduced as a forage species and as a roadside grass for erosion control. Yellow bluestem can negatively interact with native grasslands and reduce biodiversity. Livestock tend to avoid yellow bluestem after accumulation of standing lignified tissue, particularly at the end of the growing season. Mowing has been used in pasture situations to remove excess grass for hay and over coarse grass left from the previous season. It is essential to understand the role livestock play as either a catalyst for control or preventing further invasion of yellow bluestem. Quantification of the timing and intensity of yellow bluestem defoliation by livestock after mowing compared to native grass has not been previously documented. To evaluate this, I recorded steer utilization of yellow bluestem and blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) in a southern mixed grass prairie following two mowing treatments during 2012-2013. I also recorded cover by litter. In 2012, mean utilization of blue grama (12%) was lower than mean utilization of yellow bluestem (22%), but in 2013, mean utilization of blue grama (20%) was higher than mean utilization of yellow bluestem (15%). Timing of utilization of yellow bluestem was different than was suggested previously, with utilization of yellow bluestem occurring late in the season. These data could be used to help assess the potential shifts in steer utilization of native rangelands where yellow bluestem is present and aid in making future grassland management decisions. However, the system that I worked with experienced a high degree of variation in temperature and precipitation between years, a longer-term experiment could distinguish between year to year utilization variation and an overall trend in yellow bluestem utilization.
Stress Levels and Success on Nursing Exams for Traditional and Nontraditional Practical Nursing Students
Authors:   , Unrein Michele
Published: February 2023

Nurse educators are interested in helping students be successful in nursing programs and retaining students in nursing programs. One way to help retain nursing students may be to better understand the stress students experience and assess if stress has an impact on being successful on nursing exams. The purpose of this investigation was to identify stress levels of practical nursing students and explore possible relationships between level of stress and scores on the first nursing exam of the nursing program. Also the investigation examined differences in stress levels between traditional and nontraditional students. The Cognitive Appraisal of Stress theory by Lazarus and Folkman (1984) was used as the theoretical base for this investigation. The theory of Modeling and Role Modeling by Erickson, Tomlin, and Swain (1983) was also used to guide this investigation. The sample for this investigation was a convenience sample consisting of 29 practical nursing students enrolled in and attending a technical college in a mid-western community during the 2001 fall semester. Their stress levels were assessed using the Hassles Assessment Scale for Students in College by Sarafino and Ewing (1999). The findings of the investigation indicated that those students receiving a passing score on the first nursing exam of the nursing program had a slightly higher mean stress level (M=276.28, SD =77.45) than those students who failed the nursing exam (M =262, SD = 86.71). However, analysis using a t -test revealed no significant difference in stress levels between students passing or failing the first nursing exam of the nursing program (t = -.43, p = .67). Findings of the investigation also revealed the level of stress for traditional students had a mean of 264.3 1 with a standard deviation of 81.75. The level of stress for nontraditional students was slightly higher with a mean of 278.88 and a standard deviation of 78.34. Analysis using a t-test showed no significant difference between traditional and nontraditional students' stress level scores (t = -.49), p=.63). These findings suggest that stress may not play as much of a role in students' performance on a nursing exam as students and faculty may commonly believe to be the case. Nurse educators need to assess their students individually to identify other factors, such as coping resources, motivation, time management skills, study habits, support systems, roles, and responsibilities that may impact whether students will pass or fail a nursing exam.
Variation of Moments With Distributions of Masses and Areas
Authors:   , Shults Mayo
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation has been to determine the variations of the first, second, third and fourth moments as functions of distributions of masses and areas. These moments were found about a line or plane perpendicular to the horizontal axes of the figures, and at various distances along the axes. For a complete understanding of the problem, an explanation of various terms will be made in relation to mechanics statistics.
A Study of Fort Hays Kansas State College Enrollments
Authors:   , Howell Lionel
Published: February 2023

The primary concern of this study is to determine the trends in population and in the enrollment of Fort Hays Kansas State College from the fifty-one County Area. The future enrollment Fort Hays Kansas State College might expect from the geographical area which is considered by this study as being its potential source of student supply is dependent upon these trends. If the future enrollment can be determined within a reasonable degree of accuracy, the answers to the other problems that accompany an expanding institution will not seem so illusive .
Lateral Eye Movements : Effects of Question Type and Experimenter Location
Authors:   , Hillner Andrew
Published: February 2023

This study focused on Gur, Gur, and Harris's (1974) finding that lateral eye movements (LEMs) reflected differences in hemispheric lateralization in response to verbal or visuospatial questions, and that, in part, LEMs were controlled by the experimenter's location relative to the subject. Specifically, this study examined the role of subject anxiety levels given the experimenter's location relative to the subject. Both verbal and visuospatial questions were presented to initiate eye movement via the left and right hemispheres, respectively. Anxiety measures were taken from 40 undergraduates from both General psychology courses and a campus housing facility using the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (SSAI); systolic blood pressure was also used as a measure. Verbal questions elicited significantly more right eye movement than spatial questions in the experimenter absent (EA) condition, yet no difference in LEMs occurred in the experimenter facing subject (EFS) condition. The latter was associated with significantly higher anxiety measures from the SSAI. In addition, the proportion of subjects who looked in the expected direction while correctly answering a specific question was significantly higher than the proportion of subjects who still answered correctly and looked in the direction contrary to the expected direction.
A Critical Study of the Taiwan Stock Exchange
Authors:   , Wu Li-Pe
Published: February 2023

The history of the Taiwan Stock Exchange in the past seven years indicates that the Nationalist government has attempted to achieve a sound securities market for capital formation of the national economy. However, the performance of the TSE in the past seven years cannot be regarded as being successful. The meaning and significance of each important policy change and the effect of government measures aiming to the fulfillment of the policy are major concerns of this thesis. Analyses of historical events are treated so that they will vividly reflect intentions of government policies. Causes and results of each event are fully explored. Evaluation of government policies is conducted in the context of the national economy. Thus, the merits or demerits of each government policy and its success or failure is judged from the viewpoint of whether or not it contributed to the accumulation of capital for the national economy. Exploration of institutional problems in the sphere of the securities market is done with Taiwan's special background in mind. Comparisons of the Taiwan Stock Exchange with the New York Stock Exchange are made whenever it is possible. As a result of this study, some suggestions are made to the policymakers for future reference.
Effects of Aerobic Super Circuit Training Versus Heavy Resistance Training on Health Related Physical Fitness
Authors:   , Kane Monica
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a twelve week Aerobic Super Circuit program compared to heavy resistance training on five health related components of physical fitness. Three days per week, twenty-five physical therapist assistant students, aged 19 to 50, participated in the Aerobic Super Circuit (ASC) program while eleven personal wellness students, aged 18 to 37 participated in the heavy resistance training program (HRT). The study consisted of one experimental group of participants in the ASC and one control group of participants in the HRT. Both groups were pretested and post-tested using the following tests: 1) sum of skinfolds for body composition; 2) 1 repetition maximum bench and leg press for upper body and lower body muscular strength; 3) 20 meter shuttle run for cardiovascular endurance: 4) curl ups for muscular endurance; and 5) sit and reach for flexibility . The ASC used weight training in a circuit format with bicycling on Monarch ergometers interspersed between resistance stations. The HRT used three sets of 10 repetitions on each weight machine. Results from an ANCOVA suggested a significant difference between the effects of a twelve week ASC training compared to heavy resistance training on body composition, upper body muscular strength and flexibility. Results from an ANCOVA suggested no significant difference between the effects of a twelve week ASC training compared to HRT on lower body muscular strength, cardiovascular endurance, and muscular endurance.
Trends In Kansas State Government Revenue and Expenditure, 1880-1934
Authors:   , Clover Vernon
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of this thesis is to point out the significant trends in governmental revenue receipts and expenditures in Kansas during the period from 1880 through 1934. Especial attention is given to the state government as opposed to the local governments. The discussion in connection with the latter is confined to property tax levies, expenditures for roads, streets and bridges, and for education. Few new or startling facts are presented. The trends shown however, are based upon definite statistics and therefore give the conclusions that are drawn the element of accuracy which has usually been lacking in the popular generalizations about the trends in public finance. The statistical tables in the appendix contain much data about governmental finances that are not discussed in the body of the thesis. These tables were prepared to furnish general information about various financial conditions of government in Kansas.
Jewelry: Traditional Materials and Techniques
Authors:   , Channell Robert
Published: February 2023

I chose to do my thesis in traditional materials and jewelry techniques. I used sterling silver and gold exclusively with the addition of stones, ivory and ebony wood.
Formality and Informality of Four Groups of Alcoholics Anonymous and Their Rates of Successful Affiliation
Authors:   , Mullen Eugene
Published: February 2023

This study is an attempt to determine (1) whether the four selected groups of Alcoholics Anonymous ranged along an informal-formal continuum; (2) how effective these four groups have been, in terms of sobriety achieved and maintained by their members; and (3) whether there is a negative relationship between the formalization of the Alcoholics Anonymous groups and the achieving and maintenance of sobriety.
Forgotten Images
Authors:   , Clinesmith Jill
Published: February 2023

My earliest memories reflect images of forgotten objects in Kansas scenes. Forgotten objects and cast offs reflect the mystery of the places and spiritual essence of rural America. The old rusted washpan hanging on a nail by a screen door conjures the essence of the hopes and dreams of a rural woman struggling with the elements of weather, sunlight, and daily activities. The resulting beauty preserves the memories of yesterdays gone forever and the spirit of the people who contributed to the milieu that we live in the present. The viewer can call to mind the spirit of those who lived before us and stand in awe of the forces of nature that interacted with the people and the environment.
The Role and Function of the Elementary School Counselor as Perceived by Elementary School Counselors
Authors:   , Josserand Randel
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the role and function of the elementary school counselor. The independent variable investigated were student to counselor ratio, the number of buildings served by the counselor, district size and the number of counselors working in the district. The dependent variables were the following subscales of a questionnaire regarding role and function of the elementary school course for: Program Development, Counseling, Consultation, Coordination/Public Relations, Testing, Referral, Enrichment and Renewal, Non-counseling Activities/Auxiliary Aid, Research, Program Accountability and total score. Four composite null hypotheses were tested on a sample of 169 practicing Kansas elementary school counselors using three-way analysis of variance. The statistical analysis consisted of 154 comparisons plus 154 reoccurring. Of the 154 comparisons, 23 were statistically significant at the .05 level. Of the 23 statistically significant comparisons, 14 were for main effects and 9 were for interactions.
Sex-Role Behavior in Differential Power Positions
Authors:   , Boyle James
Published: February 2023

Two experiments using a total of seventy-two undergraduate students from General Psychology courses were performed to test the hypothesis that a sex-role difference in performance occurs during two-person conflict situations in which one of the players possesses a distinct advantage as to possible rewards. The conflict situation was accomplished by having two subjects of the same sex play one of six different two-person, non-zero-sum, asymmetrical games. While both subjects thought that they were playing each other, they were in reality playing a pre-established pattern of responses that were relayed to them by the experimenter. This pattern gradually underwent change from being mainly cooperative, to mainly uncooperative. In the first experiment nine pairs of male subjects and nine pairs of female subjects took part in one of three games. The games were constructed so that the subject who played from a row position would always receive a higher payoff. In this experiment both players could determine to some extent the other person’s payoff as well as be able to exert some control over their own reward structure. Females, in this experiment, were found to give significantly higher numbers of cooperative responses than males. In the second experiment nine pairs of male subjects and nine pairs of female subjects took part in one of three games that were similar to those used in the first experiment but with the exception that one of the players no longer possessed any control over the amount of payoff that he could receive. In this experiment subjects who possessed no control over their own rewards gave significantly higher numbers of cooperative responses than did their opponents.
An Experimental Investigation of the Processes and Techniques Employed in Painting
Authors:   , Chu Julie
Published: February 2023

Nine paintings making an experimental investigation of the processes and techniques employed in painting.
Life Satisfaction and Life History Among the Aged
Authors:   , Sevy Harold
Published: February 2023

This study examined the concept of life satisfaction among the aged. Two major variables were examined in relation to life satisfaction. The first was institutionalization, which has been found to be a relevant variable for attitudes, interests and activities among the aged. The second variable considered was an individual's past history in an attempt to delineate past events, stresses, and life styles that are correlated to reported life satisfaction in the aged. The purpose of this study was to provide needed research on what possible life history events correlate with life satisfaction and to determine what effect institutionalization has on life satisfaction among the aged. The Personal Orientation Inventory was used as a measure of life satisfaction and the Minnesota-Briggs History Record was used to obtain life history information. A short Biographical Data Survey was also administered. The subjects in this study were 46 older citizens, 14 males, 32 females, all above the age of 60. Twenty-three subjects were residents in adult intermediate personal care homes and 23 made their residence in a community environment. The results of this study did not support the hypothesis that individuals in personal care homes would indicate less life satisfaction than persons maintaining residence in the community. In examining life history events, as measured by the Minnesota-Briggs History Record, Introversion was the only significant variable (p < .02) found in this study to correlate with life satisfaction.
A Critical Survey of The Physical Education Program in Selected Kansas Secondary Schools By Means of The La Porte Score Card
Authors:   , Arnold Gene
Published: February 2023

The problem of this study is to determine how the Kansas Secondary School programs of physical education rate by comparison with the standards outline~ in the LaPorte Score Card. Two sub-problems are posed in the solution of this problem: First, the application of the selected score card in selected Kansas secondary schools; second, the analysis and interpretation of data obtained from the applied score card.
Educational Rating and Auditory Abilities of School-Aged Children: A Comparative Study
Authors:   , Gregory Sarah
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the educational strengths and limitations of school-aged children, as reported by the classroom teacher using an educational rating scale, and the auditory perceptual abilities of the students as measured by two auditory perceptual tests. Subjects were 24 third grade students who received an otoscopic examination, tympanometry screening, and a hearing threshold screening. The subjects received the Concepts and Directions subtest of the Clinical Era Evaluation of Language Functions-3 (CELF -3) and the Category II Subtest of the Lindamood Auditory Conceptualization Test (LAC). In addition, the Screening Instrument for Targeting Educational Risk (S.I. F.T.E.R.) was completed by the classroom teachers. The results of this study indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between the subjects' scores on the two auditory perceptual tests. A significant correlation was also found between the subjects' scores on the LAC and their ratings on three sections of the S.I.F.T.E.R. No significant difference was found between the scores of the subjects who failed the hearing screening and the subjects who passed the hearing screening on any of the tests. However, a significant difference was found on the test scores of the LAC between those subjects with a reported history of otitis media and those without a history of otitis media. Findings are discussed in relation to the use of these assessments in identifying students who may be classified as educationally at risk.
The Relationship Between Measures of Moral Judgement and Human Values
Authors:   , Kingsley Pam
Published: February 2023

Values and moral judgment clearly seem somehow linked and cannot be studied with total independence. No research found, however, empirically or experimentally examined this relationship. It was hypothesized that, specific human values should have different rankings as a function of differing levels of moral development. Volunteers, 31 male and 37 female, were given Rest's Defining Issues Test (DIT), and Rokeach's Value Survey, Form D, to determine the moral development level and the values considered most and/or least important by each subject. The original hypothesis was not general l y supported. Only three values, Inner harmony, a sense of accomplishment, and Social recognition, were significantly correlated (Pearson r) with DIT P scores. Four values, a sense of accomplishment, Inner harmony, Cheerful, and Courageous, jointly, were able to predict DIT P scores (R = .53). The total group (N=64) ranked Honest, Loving, and Responsible of greatest importance (x = 1 through 5), with Imaginative, Social recognition, and Obedient of least importance (x = 14 through 18). Male and female subject's DIT P scores were not significantly different, although males ranked A world at peace, Freedom, Courageous, and Polite of greater importance than females, while females ranked Inner harmony, True friendship, and Loving of greater importance than males ([alpha]<= .05). Subjects at the principled level of moral development tend to rank Inner harmony, and a sense of accomplishment of great importance, with Social recognition being ranked of least importance. The opposite tends to be true for subjects at the preconventional level of moral development. This study has layed a foundation for continued research into the relationship of moral development and human values.
Some Physical Properties of The Ternary System; Cyclohexylamine - Cyclohexanol - Cyclohexane.
Authors:   , Mills Arlin
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation is to determine some of the physical constants of a ternary system that has cyclohexylamine, cyclohexanol, and cyclohexane as its components. The physical constants of the pure compounds are known but information is lacking on the behavior of binary and ternary mixtures of these compounds. A further purpose of this problem is the construction of a solid freezing point model or diagram of ternary system: cyclohexylamine--cyclohexanol--cyclohexane. Data gained on this system would be useful and applicable to the fields of organic, analytical, and physical chemistry.
An Analysis of the Wellhead Price of Natural Gas in the United States
Authors:   , Kilbourne J.
Published: February 2023

The introduction to this paper relates the history of natural gas production and defines terminology necessary for a minimal background knowledge of the natural gas field. The relationships of the landowner, produce, transporter, distributor, and consumer are then placed in proper context. An analysis of the varying competitive conditions to be found between the market parties is presented in the next chapter. Imperfections in the market machinery are analyzed, and the proper criteria for determining the presence of monopoly or monopsony are discussed. Regulation of the gas industry is found to be necessary. Chapter III weighs the advantages and disadvantages of the rate-base method of regulation as opposed to those of area pricing. This topic requires coverage of the major proposals for joint cost allocation. The final division is concerned with the deliberations necessary in arriving at a valid conclusion. Area pricing, though not a perfect solution, generates more acceptable conditions than those which are encountered under the dictates of the rate-base method.
The Effectiveness of the Differential Aptitude Test, Lorge- Thorndike Intelligence Test, Iowa Silent Reading Test, and Junior High Grade Point Average in the Prediction of Academic Performance at the High School Level
Authors:   , Johnson Georganna
Published: February 2023

The basic problem of this study was to ascertain data indicating the statistical effectiveness of the Differential Aptitude Test Battery using the Verbal Reasoning + Numerical Aptitude composite score DAT (VR + NA), Lorge-Thorndike Verbal and Non-verbal Intelligence Tests (V,I.Q., N,I.Q.), Iowa Silent Reading Tests (IRS), and junior high school grades for the prediction of academic performance at the high school level.
Determining the Relative Responsibilities for Educational Objectives in Four Selected Schools of Western Kansas
Authors:   , Brown Glenn
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the most important relative responsibilities of four selected schools in Western Kansas. An identification of the responsibilities for each of the participating schools was achieved through an analysis of a Relative Responsibility questionnaire. The questionnaire used consisted of sixty statements of desirable behavior of school students. The faculty and patrons of each school were requested to indicate the agency responsible for the achievement of each of the sixty statements. A review of the related material revealed that professional educators feel the school should be responsible for the development of: (1) a command of the fundamental processes, (2) appreciation of out American heritage, (3) vocational competency, (4) interest in the welfare of the public, (5) appreciation of family relationships, (6) civic responsibility and (7) aesthetic and artistic activities. An analysis of the Relative Responsibility questionnaire shoes the faculty and patrons believe the homes relative responsibilities should include: (1) development of skill in homemaking, (2) enjoying a sincere and varied social life, (3) maintaining democratic family relations, (4) proper use of leisure time, (5) development of skill in social behavior, (6) development of respect for the law and (7) selection of occupation. The relative responsibilities of the school, as determined by faculty-patron responses, include (1) development of a desire for learning, (2) providing activities for student participation in sports and other pastimes, (3) understanding the basic facts concerning health and disease, (4) providing aesthetic and artistic activities, (5) skill in listening and observing, (6) speaking the English language clearly, (7) understanding the merits of a free economic system, and (8) understanding the requirements and opportunities for various jobs, the extent to which generationals can be made upon the basis of this study are limited because the study did not encompass the total population. Therefore, predictions of relative responsibilities of schools in general cannot be made. Bearing this in mind the following generalizations were made. 1. The participant schools should emphasize those educational objectives which were indicated to be the responsibility of the school. 2. Less emphasis should be given to those educational objectives which were assigned to the home, e.g., skill in homemaking. 3. The occupation and education of respondents had a direct veering upon the member of educational objectives assigned to the school. 4. Studies in the area of responsibility are important in order to define the limits of a schools responsibility. 5. The establishment of responsibilities is important as all responsibilities must be recognized and vested in some agency. Otherwise the age old axiom, “what is everyone’s responsibility is nobody’s responsibility”, may prevail.
Aha-I See! : Effects of Pictorially Cued Insight Across the Adult Lifespan
Authors:   , Gobin Kay
Published: February 2023

This study was an attempt to replicate and extend an experiment by Camp, Monroe, Markley, & Kramer (1982) dealing with the effects of the “aha” experience in people of different ages. The “aha” experience is defined as a state of noncomprehension followed by a state of comprehension. In order for an “aha” to occur, a sudden insight or inference must take place. The Camp et al. (1982) study demonstrated several things. In that study, older adults experience as many “ahas” and recalled as many aha-related sentences as younger adults. However, several procedural shortcomings were found. First, there was a need to have a measure of mental processing on a stimulus by stimulus basis. Secondly, a more direct measure of the level of understanding of experimental stimuli was needed. Camp et al. attempted to measure whether or not the sentence made sense to subjects. There was no measure of how well each sentence was understood. The present study represents an attempt to address these points. More importantly, the basic issues examined in the current research were whether older individuals are as able or willing to make and use inferences as compared with younger adults. Additionally, the effects of inference usage on later recall was examined.
Attitude Change in Delinquent Girls Through Operant Conditioning of Expressed Attitude Utilizing Social and Tangible Reinforcement and Subsequent Changes in Correlated Behavior
Authors:   , Gillespie Dwight
Published: February 2023

This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of utilizing operant conditioning techniques in changing delinquent girls’ attitudes and behavior towards authority figures. Two experimental groups, performing on a modified Taffel task, received either social or tangible reinforcement for expressions of positive or favorable statements towards authority figures. Two groups controlled for the effects of verbalizing in the context of authority and receiving reinforcement. It was found that conditioning was possible; however, there were no significant changes in attitude or behavior. Important, though not significant, trends were that subjects receiving tangible reinforcement tended to show a positive change in responding to the attitude scale and were observed by staff members as displaying more desirable behavior. Subjects receiving tangible reinforcement tended to be more aware of the response-reinforcement contingency. Of particular interest was the tendency for heightened levels of awareness of the response-reinforcement contingency to produce increased variability in subjects’ responses in the reinforced response class. This trend was discussed in terms of some personality characteristics which might affect an individual’s susceptibility to conditioning. The findings in this study suggested areas for further research.
Over the Aesop
Authors:   , Harrison Ripp
Published: February 2023

Fairy tales and nursery rhymes hold a certain amount of nostalgia. As part of our childhood, these familiar characters are often left behind while we grow and mature. Their stories are frozen in time and shown to the next generation in the same way they were introduced to us. True characters evolve over time, this is how they stay relevant to changing times. These well rounded characters are what make the art of storytelling exciting. It is important to me to be able to intertwine the traditional characters with a more modern appearance.\r For this body of work my goal was to create a visual narrative that incorporated traditional fairy tale and nursery rhyme characters with a pop culture story line, while injecting references to more modern styles and trends along with some humor. The original story that this narrative is built on is Aesop’s Fable; the Tortoise and the Hare. Once this was established as the base, I combined it with the traditional 80’s overcoming the odds formula by referencingOver the Top. The Hare, after losing to the Tortoise has no other option than to redeem himself through competitive arm wrestling.\r These two stories mixed together needed a strong supporting cast of colorful characters and environments in which to grow and thrive. Each character is placed in their own personalized environment filled with symbolism so that when drawn into the large narrative they are not just a blank faced extra taking up space in the background.\r The hidden references throughout all of the pieces pay homage to the age old tradition of storytelling. These small nods to different author’s approaches to the stories are important to me as an artist. We cannot progress forward without knowing and honoring where we have been. The whole time the environments and characters help build the excitement around the approaching rematch.
A Model of the Daily Energy Budget and Energy Flow Through a Population of the White-Footed Mouse, Peromyscus Leucopus
Authors:   , Baar Stephen
Published: February 2023

Daily energy budgets (DEBs), activity patterns and the energy flow through a population of Peromyscus leucopus (Rafinesque) were studied for one year. The DEB for the nonlactating portion of the population was the highest in winter (0.602 kcal gm-1 day-1) and lowest in summer (0.307 kcal gm-1 day-1). The DEB of lactating females in summer was 24.8 per cent greater than that of males and nonlactating females from the same season. During winter the animals spent 72 per cent of the day in the nest, whereas in summer males and nonlactating females spent only 28 per cent of the day in the nest. Energy flow through the population was maximal in autumn (396.3 kcal ha-1 day-1) when the biomass (715.86 gm ha-1 day-1) was greatest and minimal in spring (170.4 kcal ha-1 day-1) when the biomass (327.54 gm ha-1 day-1) was least. Different intensities of simulated moonlight were found to have no significant effect upon the activity of the white-footed mouse in any season.
Intaglio Prints Tinted and Otherwise Enhanced by the Utilization of Color
Authors:   , Goreham Rolland
Published: February 2023

This thesis involves Intaglio Prints tinted and otherwise enhanced with the use of color. While the objective is quite simple, the technical aspects surrounding a successful Color Intaglio Print are many. Functions of the color utilized in printing vary as do the applications. In this case, the use of color in conjunction with Black and White Intaglio Prints provides a further dimension of substance.
The Mathematics Required In Vocational Courses In Kansas High Schools and A Projected Course of Study To Meet Those Requirements
Authors:   , Moody Nova
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation is (1) to identify the mathematical knowledge requisite to efficient participation in Kansas high school vocational courses; then (2) to arrange this mathematical knowledge into an outlined course of study for teacher guidance in a mathematics course of unit credit for high school students.
The Role of the Vision Quest in Teton Sioux Warfare
Authors:   , Knowland Richard
Published: February 2023

The vision quest was closely related to Teton Sioux Warfare. The vision quest was a religious act whereby the Indian fasted from two to seven days and, if successful, received a supernatural guardian which aided the individual in his quest for survival. This study demonstrates that without the vision quest warfare was not possible and that warfare was a major part of visions. In addition to presentation of material which supports this concept, the thesis attempts to reverse many of the stereotypes which persist about Teton Sioux religion and warfare. The first chapter summarizes the highlights of Teton or Lakota culture and lays the groundwork for the following chapters on religion, the vision quest, and warfare. The chapter on religion stresses the importance of nature and the Indian's quest to become attuned to the supernatural so as to survive within his environment. The next chapter on the vision quest shows that this religious act was at the heart of Lakota religion because it attuned the Indian to the spiritual powers of the universe and was the vehicle by which he became one with the universe. The chapter on warfare takes a different approach. Instead of describing the idiosyncrasies underlying Lakota warfare which have been described adequately in many other studies, this chapter traces the development of a warrior from his earliest years to his actual forays, emphasizing the use of the vision quest in his war exploits. These four chapters provide the framework for the consideration of three Sioux leaders and their visions. The final three chapters are short biographies of Black Elk, Crazy Horse, and Sitting Bull. Each emphasizes the relationship of their visions to warfare. It is not the intention of this study to show how these visions were actually used in the practice of warfare, but merely to show how war concepts were involved in these visions. Black Elk, an Oglala holy man, received powerful visions about the future of his people. These involved war concepts, but he never used them in war because he became a holy man who sought to teach his people the importance of the spiritual forces to their continued existence. Crazy Horse is an example of how the vision was correlated to the act of war because he became his supernatural guardian and relied totally on his vision in his war exploits. The results were remarkable, and his successes followed the patterns of his visions. Sitting Bull is an example of the prophetic powers of the vision. He received many visions which foretold the outcome of battles, such as the Battle of the Little Big Horn, June 25, 1876. Each vision seeker attempted to fulfill his revealed destiny but failed in the long run because a new enemy emerged. The whites overpowered the Sioux warriors and their supernatural helpers. But while the Indian wars lasted, visions and warfare were so intimately related that neither functioned effectively without the other.