bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining a New Business Model for Sustainable Biomass Production from Forestry Residues in Türkiye by Using TRIZ
Authors: Danisman Murat , Akkartal Erkut
Published: May 2023

Global Energy demand is growing steadily. However, the world’s primary energy resources are fossil fuel based, and they are finite. Furthermore, it causes irreparable damage to the precious environment. Therefore, energy resources need to shift towards renewables, which can deliver sustainable growth and a climate-neutral outcome. While Türkiye has been quickly adopting renewable energy sources for power generation, it has yet to see opportunities for biomass generated from forestry residues readily available in abundant supply with an estimated quantity of about 5 million tons. However, most of this residue is left untouched in the forest due to a perceived lack of demand for this resource. This study aims to define a new business model for sustainable biomass production from forestry residues that will overcome this false perception. The new model was defined by using a creative problem-solving method, known as the Theoria Resheneyva Isobretatelskehuh Zadach (TRIZ). Through the semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions, the authors analyzed the responses by qualitative data content analysis (QDCA) to serve the rules of TRIZ. The new business model requires employing a small business unit (SBU) approach. It contains the involvement of forest villagers (FVs) engaged in a self-employment structure and regulated by the authorities.
Systemic Risk: A Comparative Study between Public and Private Banks
Authors: Mselmi Aymen , Mahmoud Imen
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to study the capital insufficiency in various Tunisian banks which are on the list of the Tunisian stock exchange market. Basing our work on the various measures of systemic risk, we have modeled the shortfall capital of the Tunisian banking sector in order to compare private banks and public ones in terms of exposure to systemic risk. We have also studied the effect of stock market shocks on the banks' marginal expected shortfall. The results obtained show that the systemic risk for the period 2006 and 2013 is mainly conveyed by the three public banks.
Public Policy and Economic Misery Nexus: A Comparative Analysis of Developed and Developing World
Authors: Audi Marc , Ali Amjad
Published: May 2023

Minimizing the level of economic misery is one of the prime objectives of all economies for the last couple of decades. It is not individuals who can themselves control it, some public policy options provide roots to minimize economic misery. This article has examined the role of public policy in determining the level of economic misery among developed and developing countries from 1987 to 2019. The empirical findings of the article show level of domestic investment, foreign debt, and government revenue are discouraging economic misery among developing countries. Whereas economic development and the level of the population are encouraging economic misery among developing countries. The level of domestic investment is promoting economic misery in developed countries, but government revenue and economic development are reducing economic misery among developed countries. In the case of the whole sample analysis, the level of domestic investment and government revenues decreases the level of economic misery, but the level of population, foreign debt, and economic development depresses the economic misery. Thus, it is concluded that public policy plays important role in determining economic misery both in developed and developing countries. Developing countries should raise the level of domestic investment and government revenue to depress economic misery. Developed countries should raise government revenue and economic development to depress economic misery. So, for the reduction of economic misery in developed and developing countries, public policy must be strengthened.
An Empirical Analysis of Macroeconomic and Bank Specific Factors Ascertaining Bank Deposit: A Study on Bangladesh
Authors: Nasrin Farhana
Published: May 2023

Bank working capital is largely determined by the level of bank deposits. As the primary source of funds for carrying out lending activities, deposits are the lifeblood of a banking firm. More savings encourages more investment which in turn ensures economic growth. This paper tries to find out relevant factors influencing volume of deposit mobilization by commercial banks. The study is based on the opinion of 200 sample professionals from 29 listed private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The result shows that Government monetary policy, bank size, diversified services, state of local and national economy dominates the collection of bank deposit by commercial banks. Probable implication from the findings is investment friendly government monetary policy that can lead towards improving bank-specific factors as enhancing bank size and ensuring diversified services for more deposit attraction.
Characteristics, Determinants, Challenges and Performance of Self-employment among the Youth in Uganda
Authors: Barugahara Florence , Barungi Mildred
Published: May 2023

This study examined the characteristics, determinants, challenges and performance of self-employment among the youth in Uganda using the School-to-Work Transition survey data for 2015 collected by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics. We employed two analytical approaches: descriptive statistics and binary and multivariate probit models. We found that most employed youths are self–employed. The majority of the youth were poor and had acquired primary education or less. Econometric estimations indicate that self-employment is determined by age, the number of children, financial status, education, high-income motive and flexible work hours. Most youth started businesses with individual savings or family money but not bank loans. Most youth faced unique problems, but financial constraints followed by market competition were the main challenges faced by the self-employed youth. Self-employment is not lucrative, and 20.29% of self-employed youths do not make profits from their entrepreneurial efforts. Moreover, 78.83% of the self-employed youths live below the poverty line.
Leading Operational Risk Events For South African Banks: A Reputational Risk Perspective
Authors: Ferreira-Schenk Sune
Published: May 2023

Banks have been exposed to operational risk for decades. Therefore, there is a strong reason to believe that the exposure to operational risk will only increase in future due to improved transparency as required by regulators as well as the increased reliance on improved technological automation within banks in the digital area. The aim of this article was to identify the leading operational risk events that will most likely lead to reputational risk for South African banks. Primary data were collected from 417 depositors in Gauteng, South Africa, using a self-structured questionnaire where hypothetical operational risk events were employed. External fraud had the highest reputational risk rating, followed by execution and delivery. Six out of the eight events, therefore, were considered severe in terms of the likelihood that depositors will withdraw. Seven out of the eight events, therefore, were considered severe in terms of the percentage of funds that depositors will withdraw. Also, seven out of the eight events were considered severe in terms of the likelihood of creating a negative perception in the minds of depositors. The majority of research in this area has stemmed from developed countries. The significant difference between previous research in the developed regions and South Africa lies in the absence of a deposit insurance scheme in the South African banking sector. Operational risk events that might be severe in developed countries might even be more severe in the South African context without proper banking insurance protecting depositors. Therefore, the novelty of this article lies in the contribution towards empirical evidence from one of the most sophisticated and promising emerging markets by identifying the most severe operational events on the reputational risk for banks.
Impact of Cottage Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Financing on Bank Performance: Evidence from Emerging Economy
Authors: Naiem Jannatul , Lalon Raad Mozib
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to assess the impact of Cottage, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (CMSMEs) financing on bank performance estimated with NIM (net interest margin) ratio followed by ROE (return on equity) and ROA (return on assets) ratio considering ten commercial banks (both private and state-owned bank) of Bangladesh being a participant of emerging economy covering from the year 2011 to the year 2020. Adopting Pooled OLS, Fixed Effect (FE), Random Effect (RE) and Generalized Least Square (GLS) technique enables the estimation of coefficients corresponding to the explanatory variables of the models constructed with bank specific as well as macroeconomic control variables along with the CMSME financing factors affecting banks’ profitability. We also use diagnostic tests like the test of heteroskedasticity, multicollinearity, omitted variable, and autocorrelation to ensure our models are accurate. From this paper it will be cleared that the growth of CMSME financing can lead to higher profitability of commercial banks, higher employment rate in CMSME sector other than any other sector. According to the estimated findings of the models, almost all CMSMSE determinants along with a few control variables including bank size, GDP growth and inflation largely account for the variations in profitability ratio of banks.
How do Natural Resource Abundance and Agriculture Affect Economic Growth in Guinea?
Authors: Camara Mamoudou
Published: May 2023

This article investigates the asymmetric effects of both natural resource abundance and agriculture on economic growth in Guinea (also known as Guinea Conakry). Using the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach on annual data from Guinea over the period 1986-2020, the findings tend to suggest that natural resource abundance has a negative effect on economic growth while agriculture promotes economic growth. More precisely, the results show that an increase in natural resource rents leads to a decrease in GDP per capita in both the short and long run while a decrease in natural resource rents increases economic growth in the long run. Concerning agriculture, the results reveal that a positive shock in agricultural added value increases economic growth in both the short and long run while a negative shock in agricultural added value leads to a decrease in economic growth in both the short and long run.
Analysis of the Effect of Currency Exchange Rate, Broad Money (M3) and Oil Prices on Inflation in India
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Dahiya Manju
Published: May 2023

The main goal of any government is to keep the inflation rate low and generally constant. However, the economy is threatened by unbridled inflation. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that affect inflation rates. Information on consumer price index, inflation rate, exchange rate and money supply has been collected from secondary data sources for India. Vector autocorrelation model (VECM) is used for data analysis. In addition, Lagrange multiplier test and Jarque-Bera test were used to determine whether the relationships of the variables are normal. The results showed a short run relationship between inflation and exchange rates. In the long run, there is a poor relationship between the two. Due to the absence of one of the criteria, the VECM cannot demonstrate long-run causality between the two circumstances. The results show that none of the lagged values of broad money are interesting.
How Economic Indicator Drive Crime? Empirical Study in Developing Country, Indonesia
Authors: Purnomo Sodik Dwi , Supriyo Doni Adi , Rusito Rusito , Anindito Teguh , Hariadi Wahyu , Jati Damar
Published: May 2023

More offenses are committed in society as the crime rate rises, which is a sign that the safety of society is deteriorating. The purpose of this research is to examine how the Gini ratio, per capita income, unemployment, poverty, and population density affect the number of crimes committed in Indonesia between 2012 and 2020 in 34 Indonesian provinces, this research used secondary data from the years 2012 until 2020. Multiple linear regression using a panel data approach is the study methodology. The study's findings demonstrate that the fixed effect approach is the most effective. Unemployment had a positive and significant impact on the amount of crimes, according to partial testing, while overcrowding and internet access had a negative and significant impact. In Indonesia between 2012 and 2020, the Gini ratio, per capita income, and poverty did not affect crime, according to partial testing, which also found that unemployment had a positive and significant impact on the number of crimes. Overcrowding and internet access also had a negative and significant impact on the number of crimes. According to this study, it is hoped that the government will establish learning facilities that put an emphasis on developing skills, offer counseling regarding family planning initiatives, and create a fair digital infrastructure to raise the standard of internet access.
Capital Structure on Dividend Policy: Is There Any Relationship?
Authors: Enow Samuel Tabot
Published: May 2023

Dividend pay-out policies often emanate from complex financial decisions and corporate managers do not consider dividend policies in isolation. However, some studies have indicated that capital structure significantly affects dividend pay-out and should be managed properly as it accounts for variations in dividends. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between capital structure and dividend pay-out. This study made use of a Kolmogorov-Smirnov and a Chi-square test. These tests are more reliable in investigating the variations and dependency between variables and are a leap from the models used in the prior literature. Using the R-square values of six published articles, the results revealed that capital structure cannot be used to explain variations in dividend pay-out as suggested by some authors. The implications of this study are that academic journals should scrutinise journal manuscripts where there are suggestions that there is a relationship between capital structure and dividend policy
Fototerapi dalam Dermatologi
Authors: Aryani Inda Astri , Gozali Maria Mayfinna , Widyasari Indri
Published: May 2023

Phototherapy is a therapeutic procedure in dermatology. Phototherapy uses certain ultraviolet wavelengths classified into 3 types,broadband UVB (BBUVB), narrowband UVB (NBUVB), and psoralen UVA (PUVA). The most widely used is NBUVB for treating psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and vitiligo. The mechanism of action of phototherapy is to reduce epidermal proliferation, suppress the immune system, reduce the inflammatory process, and induce repigmentation. Before starting phototherapy, the dose adjustment depends on skin type and minimal erythema dose (MED). Frequency of use is recommended based on the severity of the disease, continuously administered needed. Besides of this therapeutic effect, some contraindications and side effects that need to be considered in the use of phototherapy such as drug interactions, photoallergic and risk of skin malignancy.
Agen Biologik Psoriasis Terkini
Authors: Nopriyati  , Mayasari Reza
Published: May 2023

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with genetic basis, characterized by complex alterations in epidermal growth and differentiation and multiple biochemical, immunologic, and vascular abnormalities. Standard systemic therapies, such as methotrexate, cyclosporine, and acitretin very effective for psoriasis, but associated with significant toxicities. Survey of psoriasis patients in United States shows they have expressed a high level of dissatisfaction with them. Over the past decade, biologic therapies developed as optional therapy of psoriasis. No definition on biologics for psoriasis categories them in old and new therapies. The oldest group of biologics encompasses molecules that target the activation and migration of T cells, alefacept and efalizumab. Therefore, biologics targeting TNFα were developed, and often referred to as first generation biologics, such as etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab. Second generation biologics emerged from 2009 with antibodies targeting the IL-23/ Th17 pathway. The new biologic agent therapies, like ustekinumab which have targeted in IL-12/ IL-34p40 pathway, secukinumab in IL-17A pathway, ixekizumab in IL-17A pathway, and brodalumab in IL-17RA pathway were developmented in the next year.
Memanusiakan Pasien: Aplikasi Klinis Berdasarkan Prinsip Fisiologi (Fungsi Tubuh)
Authors: Irfannuddin
Published: May 2023

Anggapan lemahnya kompetensi pelaku profesi kesehatan di Indonesia oleh masyarakat merujuk pada keluhan kurangnya komuniasi, empati, tindakan medis yang kurang komprehensif. Saat melakukan terapi kepada pasien, dokter dituntut memiliki dasar keilmuan yang kuat, berupa pemahaman konsep dasar untuk memperbaiki struktur dan fungsi tubuh manusia. Konsep dasar ini dapat dipelajari melalui prinsip fisiologi, untuk diaplikasikan di ranah klinis.
Bridging Coronary Physiology Into Clinical Application of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Darmawan Hardi
Published: May 2023

Normal arteries have three layers of structure, tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. Intima tunica is the deepest layer of coronary arteries in which there are antithrombotic molecules such as heparin sulfate, thrombomodulin, and plasminogen activator. In addition, tunica intima also contains substances that regulate the contraction of tunica smooth muscle cell media, called nitric oxide (vasodilators) and prostacyclin (vasoconstrictors). Tunica intima and tunica media seem to be directly related to the atherosclerosis process. Meanwhile, the role of tunika adventisia is unknown. The accumulation of atherosclerotic lesions and hemodynamic stress factors and the degradation of extracellular matrix will cause susceptibility of atherosclerotic plaque fibrous capsules to rupture and form thrombus. Thrombus that occurs in the coronary condition causes acute coronary syndrome, characterized by typical symptoms such as chest pain depending on the thrombus formed. In studying acute coronary syndromes, of course it cannot be separated from understanding the physiology of coronary arteries and the process of atherosclerosis. Therefore, this article aims to briefly explain coronary physiology.
Teknik Operasi Lasik Terbaru
Authors: Ansyori Abdul Karim
Published: May 2023

Operasi LASIK adalah prosedur bedah murni kornea, yang memungkinkan koreksi berbagai kelainan refraksi seperti miopia, hipermetropi, dan astigmatisma. LASIK dilakukan dengan anestesi lokal (tetes anestesi). Tidak ada gerakan mata atau penempatan implan. Tujuan utama LASIK adalah mengurangi ketergantungan seseorang akan penggunaan kacamata atau lensa kontak. Makalah ini membahas mengenai prinsip, instrumen, prosedur pelaksanaan, perawatan pasca operasi, serta pengembangan baru dari teknik LASIK. Meskipun terdapat banyak efek samping pasca operasi seperti nyeri dan halo, diharapkan LASIK dapat terus diteliti dan dikembangkan agar dapat terus menjadi pilihan terapi pada pasien dengan kelainan refraksi yang ingin dapat melihat tanpa alat koreksi refraksi seperti kacamata dan lensa kontak.
Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Ansyori Abdul Karim
Published: May 2023

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) merupakan terapi berbasis cahaya yang digunakan untuk ablasi tumor. Terdapat tiga komponen penting di dalam PDT, yaitu photosensitizer, sumber cahaya, dan oksigen dari jaringan.Photosensitizer dan laser dengan panjang gelombang tertentu adalah titik kunci dalam perawatan ini. PDT yang digunakan pada bidang oftalmologi pertama kali pada tahun 2000 merupakan prosedur terapi yang menggunakan obat intravena fotosensitif yaitu verteporfin. PDT sekarang paling sering digunakan untuk mengobati kasus-kasus Central Serous Retinopathy (CSR) dan telah terbukti efektif oleh beberapa penelitian yang dipublikasikan.
New Face of Neuroinfection; Autoimun Encephalitis
Authors: Okparasta Andika
Published: May 2023

Ensefalitis merupakan suatu proses peradangan otak yang menyerang sistem saraf pusat dan dapat menimbulkan disfungsi neurologis. Ensefalitis sebagian besar disebabkan oleh virus, namun sebagian kasus lainnya tidak diketahui etiologinya. Ensefalitis autoimun terjadi akibat adanya interaksi autoantibodi ditandai dengan adanya gejala gangguan susunan saraf pusat. Gejala klinis cukup spesifik, namun terdapat kriteria yang harus dipenuhi untuk menegakkan diagnosis serta pemeriksaan penunjang jika diperlukan. Pilihan pengobatan untuk ensefalitis autoimun mencakup agen yang menekan sistem imun secara luas hingga agen yang khusus menargetkan proses patogenesis yang dimediasi antibodi.
Trombektomi Mekanik Sebagai Terapi Pilihan Stroke Iskemik Akut Oklusi Pembuluh Darah Besar
Authors: Ramadhoni Pinto Desti
Published: May 2023

Sekalipun ada kemajuan besar dibidang penatalaksanaan stroke dalam 2 dekade terakhir ini, stroke masih merupakan penyebab utama kecatatan dan kematian di seluruh dunia. Terapi stroke iskemiksaat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keluaran jangka panjang pada pasien stroke. Untuk tujuan tersebut, rekanalisasi dini merupakan satu-satunya terapi yang menjanjikan untuk stroke iskemik akut.1 Tujuan utama dari terapi reperfusi pada stroke iskemik akut adalah segera memperbaiki aliran darah (rekanalisasi) pada daerah otak yang iskemik dan belum mengalami infark. Tujuan jangka panjang adalah meningkatkan keluaran dengan menurunan kecacatan dan kematian akibat stroke. Faktor terpenting dalam keberhasilan terapi reperfusi pada stroke iskemik akut adalah terapi sedini mungkin. Namun, seleksi kandidat yang sesuai untuk terapi reperfusi membutuhkan evaluasi neurologi dan pemeriksaan neuroimaging
Pertumbuhan dan Perawakan Pendek
Authors: Aditiawati
Published: May 2023

Growth that is reflected by height can vary between races, sexes, and ages. Impaired growth of children can occur during the growth process that takes place from intra uterine to adulthood. Impaired growth of children such as short stature and high stature, both caused by endocrine and non-endocrine disorders is a disorder that is often found. Careful clinical examination is needed which is supported by endocrinological examination to look for etiology. Bone age examination is an important radiological examination for growth evaluation. Various attempts were made to optimize the management of children with short stature. Children with normal variations in short stature usually do not need treatment, whereas children with pathological disorders require treatment according to etiology.
Mekanisme Kerja Dry Needling pada Manajemen Nyeri
Authors: Sugiharto Henry
Published: May 2023

In the past 20 years, data in United States revealed that those who seek for acupuncture treatment has steadily increased to 12 million people (4% of population). Majority of those patients sought acupuncture for pain conditions (eg. musculoskeletal pain, headache and fibromyalgia) according to NHIS in 2007. Another interventional procedures using the similar filiform needles is dry needling. Dry needling itself has gained popularity in the last 10 years in United States. Acupuncture and dry needling has very little similarities but significantly different in its philosophy, theories and applications. Dry needling uses neurophysiological approach in its theory and neuromusculoskeletal assessments in its applications.
Program Kehamilan
Authors: Abaraham
Published: May 2023

In 2016, at the beginning of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) era, preventable morbidity and mortality rates related to pregnancy remained very high. In the series of reproductive health care, antenatal care (ANC) facilitates important health service functions, including health promotion, premarital and preconception screening, diagnosis, and prevention of disease. Antenatal care in nulliparous women without complications was performed up to 10 times, while in primiparous and multiparous women without complications of pregnancy, ANC examination is recommended to be performed 7 times during the pregnancy period. Premarital screening is an action to prevent health problems in yourself, your spouse or offspring. This examination has several advantages, namely to prevent various diseases in the babies, such as thalassemia, diabetes mellitus, and other diseases. Preconception care aims to prevent and control disease at various stages of life, and a strong public health program is needed which uses a life perspective from infancy through childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Preconception care packages along with evidence-based interventions suggested by the World Health Organization include nutritional conditions; tobacco use; genetic conditions; environmental health; use of vaccines; prevention of interpersonal violence, sexually transmitted infections, drugs use, and Female Genital Mutilation (FGM).
Tatalaksana Praktis Gangguan Haid di Praktek Sehari-hari
Authors: Usman Fatimah
Published: May 2023

Menstrual disorders are the most common disorders in women of childbearing age and the most common complaint in gynecological outpatient practices in several hospitals. Besides disrupting activities, menstrual disorders can be a serious problem as a life threatening condition. Menstrual disorders can be divided based on the duration and the etiology. Based on the duration of occurrence, acute and chronic can be distinguished. Etiology can be distinguished based on abnormal uterine bleeding criteria (PALM-COEIN). The management of this kind of disorder depends on the type of cause of abnormal uterine bleeding. Surgical and non-surgical management can be used as an option in the treatment of menstrual disorders. Hormonal therapy options are the most popular treatment options at present with minimal side effects and relatively affordable prices. Management of abnormal uterine bleeding aims to improve the general condition, stop bleeding, and restore the function of reproductive hormones. Stopping bleeding can be done with medical, dilatation and curettage, as well as operative measures.
Pemilihan Bronkodilator Pada Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kroni
Authors: Ahmad Zen
Published: May 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease that is often found, can be prevented and treated. It characterized by symptoms of persistent respiration and obstruction of airflow, associated with airway disorders and/or alveoli due to exposure to significant harmful particles or gases. COPD currently causes the world's fourth death and is projected to be third in 2020. In 2012, COPD has caused 3 million deaths (6% of all deaths) and will contribute 4.5 million deaths by 2030. COPD requires high costs especially in exacerbation conditions that require hospital treatment.Exposure to cigarette smoke or harmful agents will cause stimulation of macrophages and airway epithelium. Stimulation of macrophages will stimulate inflammatory processes and the underlying cascade such as protease formation and increased oxidative stress. One treatment of COPD is through pharmacological therapy approaches using a bronchodilator which aims to overcome airflow limitation with or without the addition of corticosteroids, mucolytics, antioxidants, and other drugs. The choice of bronchodilators in COPD patients is very individual. The selection must pay attention to the degree of the complaint, the magnitude of the risk of exacerbation, side effects, drug availability, costs, the presence of comorbid diseases and device inhalers.
Penanganan Spesimen Jaringan Dan Sitologi Pada Tahap Preanalitik
Authors: Wresnindyatsih
Published: May 2023

Anatomical Pathology Examination is an examination of specimens from the results of operations and or other medical proceeding on patients. This examination is carried out to establish a diagnosis of a disease. The stages of specimen handling are interrelated with one another. This will affect the accuracy of the pathology diagnosis. In the molecular era specimen handling is becoming increasingly important and must be done carefully according to established standards. The purpose of this review is to discuss the standard procedures for the preanalytic stage of specimen handling before examining in the Anatomy Pathology Laboratory.
Current Advances In Radiotherapy
Authors: Pramitasari Dini Andriani
Published: May 2023

Health science and technology continues to develop including in radiotherapy. The use of Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) has already proved to be safe and effective for treating inaccessible intracerebral lesions through operation or chemotherapy. With the principles of therapeutic ratio, SRS is mostly used for arteriovenous malformations, acoustic neuroma, craniopharyngioma, pituitary adenoma, and brain metastase.
Penatalaksanaan Terkini Tuli Mendadak
Authors: Ghanie Abla , Hifni Ahmad
Published: May 2023

Tuli mendadak atau sudden deafness adalah penurunan pendengaran sensorineural 30 dB atau lebih,paling sedikit tiga frekuensi berturut-turut pada pemeriksaan audiometri dan berlangsung dalam waktukurang dari tiga hari dan merupakan keadaan kegawatdaruratan di bidang otologi. Kemungkinan penyebabtuli mendadak adalah infeksi virus, gangguan vaskuler, ruptur membran intrakoklea dan penyakit telingadalam yang berhubungan dengan imun.Diagnosis tuli mendadak ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis,pemeriksaan fisik, audiologi dan laboratorium serta pemeriksaan penunjang lainnya. Terapi untuk tulimendadak adalahtirah baring sempurna (total bed rest) istirahat fisik dan mental selama 2minggu,vasodilatansia yang cukup kuat, kortikosteroid,vitamin C, vitamin E, Neurobion, diet rendah garamdan rendah kolesterol, inhalasi oksigen, obat antivirus sesuai dengan virus penyebab, terapi oksigenhiperbarik (OHB). Kortikosteroid dapat diberikan secara sistemik maupun topikal melalui intratimpani,pemberian kortikosteroid sistemik dapat berupa pemberian secara oral maupun intravena. Penggunaankortikosteroid sistemik dapat sebagai terapi awal, sedangkan pemberian kortikosteroid topikal melaluiintratimpani saja dapat sebagai terapi awal, kombinasi dengan terapi lain atau sebagai terapi penyelamatan(salvage therapy) yang merupakan terapi yang dilakukan setelah terjadi kegagalan dari terapi awal.Prognosis tuli mendadak tergantung pada waktu onset, usia, adanya vertigo, tinitus dan derajat ketulian,kecepatan pemberian obat, respon 2 minggu pengobatan pertama, dan adanya faktor- faktor predisposisi.
Terapi Maksimal Medikamentosa pada Rinosinusitis Kronis
Authors: Kusumawijaya Vita , Magdi Yoan Levia
Published: May 2023

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a group of symptoms and signs that can be caused by a variety of different etiologies. Continuous inflammation of the mucosa and thick mucus often causes symptoms of post nasal drip, nasal congestion, also decrease the sense of smell along with facial tenderness. The exact etiology of chronic rhinosinusitis is still unknown and is multifactorial, and there is no exact single molecular mechanism that explains injury from tissue changes. Maximum medical therapy (MMT) is a standard of care for chronic rhinosinusitis care before recommendations for surgery. The chosen therapy regimen varies for each individual where the duration of inflammation is related to the duration of use of maximal pharmacologic therapy. The main type of medical therapy used for chronic rhinosinusitis consists of antibiotics, corticosteroids, and nasal irrigation. MMT is useful in reducing the symptoms and complaints of patients, and helps to facilitate the success of operations performed, that will have an impact on quality of life and socioeconomic aspects.
Diabetes Pada Anak
Authors: Hasanah Yulisnawati
Published: May 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by the condition of persistent hyperglycemia due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. DM type 1 is more often often found in children but with increasing obesity rates, the number of children with type 2 diabetes is increasing. In children who have been diagnosed, determining the type of DM becomes important because of its large clinical implications especially for the choice of therapy. The determination of the type of DM is based on the clinical characteristics of the patient, but differentiating the various types is not always easy and is still a challenge in itself. DM management aims to achieve controlled glucose levels and prevent complications, both acute or chronic complications. Complications related to metabolic control and duration of suffering from DM, so early detection of DM especially in high-risk children should be sought as part of the prevention of DM and its various complications.
Peran DHA dalam Pencegahan Preeklampsia
Authors: Herlambang
Published: May 2023

Diet maternal diduga berperan dalam etiologi preeclampsia termasuk salah satunya asam lemak tidak jenuh rantai panjang. Asam lemak tersebut dapat berupa omega-3 dan omega-6 yang dikonversikan menjadi AA dan DHA di dalam tubuh manusia. AA (Asam Arakhidonat) dan DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid) merupakan komponen penting dari fosfolipid membrane yang berperan dalam meregulasi fungsi membrane sel dan dapat mencegah preeclampsia dengan memodulasi inflamasi dan fungsi vaskular yaitu mengurangi kadar tromboksan (TAX2) dan meningkatkan prostasiklin (PGI2) pada tubuh maternal.
Biogenesis Mitokondria
Authors: Maretha Delima Engga
Published: May 2023

Mitokondria merupakan salah satu organel berperan penting dalam sistem organisme. Mitokondria memiliki fungsi yang beragam dan saling berhubungan, menghasilkan ATP, berperan pada proses biosintetik juga berkontribusi pada respons stres seluler seperti autofagi dan apoptosis. Mitokondria membentuk jaringan dinamis dan saling berhubungan yang terintegrasi erat dengan kompartemen seluler lainnya. Selain itu, fungsi mitokondria mempengaruhi fisiologi organisme dengan mengatur komunikasi antara sel dan jaringan. Oleh karena itu tidak mengherankan bahwa disfungsi mitokondria muncul sebagai faktor kunci dalam berbagai penyakit, termasuk gangguan neurodegeneratif dan metabolisme. Proses regenerasi sel mitokondria sangat mempengaruhi keberlangsungan dan fungsi mitokondria dalam kehidupan sel.
Occupational Diving : Neurological Complications of Diving
Authors: Utama Winda Trijayanthi
Published: May 2023

Banyak pekerjaan yang dilakukan melalui kegiatan menyelam dengan tujuan penelitian, pencarian makanan laut, konstruksi, pemeliharaan alam, pembuatan film, militer, forensik dan penyelamatan, bahkan eksplorasi dan konstruksi ladang minyak lepas pantai juga dilakukan dengan proses menyelam. Artikel ini membahas tentang Occupational diving (penyelaman di tempat kerja) yang merupakan kegiatan menyelam yang dilakukan dalam pekerjaan untuk mendapatkan atau memberi imbalan (terlepas dari apakah menyelam merupakan fungsi utama pekerjaan atau hanya merupakan tambahan untuk itu). Terdapat 3 cara penyelaman yang dilakukan: breath-hold diving, ‘‘bounce’’ diving with breathing apparatus, dan saturation diving. Ketika terjadi trauma berat saat penyelaman maka biasanya sistem saraf seringkali ikut terlibat. Penyakit dekompresi, hipotermia, barotrauma, imersi edema pulmoner, dan emboli gas merupakan komplikasi medis yang sangat penting dari penyelaman. Penyusunan artikel ini menggunakan metode review dari jurnal-jurnal terutama yang berasal dari luar negeri yang mengenai penyelaman secara umum, penyelaman dalam pekerjaan, dan komplikasi neurologis yang dapat terjadi akibat penyelaman serta manajemen tatalaksana secara umum. Sebagai kesimpulan penyelaman merupakan suatu pekerjaan yang rentan mengalami faktor resiko di bidang neurologis. DCS merupakan komplikasi neurologis tersering yang bisa terjadi. Tatalaksana definitif yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengatasi keadaan ini adalah dengan rekompresi di dalam hyperbaric chamber. Namun secara umum, perlu adanya perhatian lebih kepada para pekerja terutama penyelam untuk menghindari faktor resiko yang dapat muncul terkait pekerjaan terutama komplikasi bidang neurologi.
Mobilisasi Dini Pada Stroke Fase Akut: Review Literatur
Authors: Fiana Dewi Nur
Published: May 2023

Stroke merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang umum dan merupakan penyebab paling umum kedua atau ketiga dari kematian di sebagian besar negara, dan salah satu penyebab utama disabilitas.Rehabilitasi pasien stroke pada fase akut, salah satunya dengan tindakan mobilisasi dini dianggap sebagai komponen penting perawatan pasien stroke, yang berpotensi memberikan kontribusi pada fungsional yang lebih baik setelah stroke akut.Intervensi rehabilitasi berupa tindakan mobilisasi dini pada stroke fase akut bertujuan untuk meningkatkan perfusi otak dan mengurangi cedera di daerah penumbra iskemik. Berbagai penelitian menunjukan bahwa mobilisasi yang dilakukan baik itu dini ataupun sangat dini akan aman untuk pasien, dapat mempengaruhi perbaikan fungsional pasien dan tidak meningkatkan resiko cedera ataupun kematian untuk pasien.
Pembaruan pada Trauma Ortopedi
Authors: MD Wiria Aryanta
Published: May 2023

Orthopedic trauma is a broad term describing all kinds of injuries affecting the bones, joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments in any part of the body that are caused by trauma. The term is wide-ranging and may refer to minor fractures or severely broken bones with a direct threat to the patient’s life. Orthopaedic surgeries focused on treating fractured bones and making sure the injured part of the body regains its original strength and maximum function it used to have prior to the injury. The many different types of orthopedic trauma are classified based on the affected body part: Upper extremity injury, which includes a broken arm or wrist, collarbone, or ribs; Lower extremity injury, which includes a broken ankle, hip, or legs; Soft tissue injury, which affects the muscles, tendon, and ligaments.Orthopedic trauma is treated depending on its severity. Those who have minor injuries such as fractures can be easily treated by general orthopedists, although in some cases, the expertise of subspecialists may become necessary. Orthopedic trauma uses both surgical and non-surgical techniques to treat the affected bones and soft tissues. Minor fractures and dislocations of specific bones such as the scapula, humerus, and clavicle, among others, can be treated non-surgically through an external fixation method. This means that orthopedic devices such as casts, braces, and splints are placed outside the body to keep the injured part stable during the recovery period. Surgical means, on the other hand, include:Minimally invasive surgery; Conventional surgery; Internal fixation method; Bone grafting and bone/ joint transplantation; Limb lengthening; Lower limb reconstruction; Upper limb reconstruction; Soft tissue reconstruction; Tendon & nerve reconstruction. The search for the optimal treatment techniques in orthopaedic still on going up until now, including new techniques, approach, mode of fixation, implant components, and also rehabilitation protocols.
Pembedahan Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular (TOETVA)
Authors: Qodir Nur
Published: May 2023

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck, consisting of two lobes that sit on either side of the trachea. It releases hormones necessary for many of the body’s vital functions, including metabolism, heart rate, body temperature, and growth and development. The term thyroid nodule refers to an abnormal growth of thyroid cells that forms a lump within the thyroid gland. More than 95% of all thyroid nodules are benign. Some thyroid nodules are actually cysts, which are filled with fluid rather than thyroid tissue.Thyroid nodules are three times more common in women than in men. Most women will develop a thyroid nodule by the time they are 50 years old. The incidence of thyroid nodules increases with age. 50% of 50-year-old women will have at least one thyroid nodule. 60% of 60-year-old women will have at least one thyroid nodule. 70% of 70-year-old women will have at least one thyroid nodule.Requisite to adopting any new surgical technique is scrutiny and analysis to confirm that the procedure is feasible and safe with the ultimate comparison to the gold standard of open transcervical thyroidectomy. However, this approach leaves an unavoidably visible neck scar. Many modified techniques have been developed to reduce the size of the neck scar, including minimally-invasive open thyroid surgery and video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT). Many of the alternative approaches for pure endoscopic thyroidectomy move the wounds to other parts of the body Such an approach is unparalleled compared to other remote-access approaches such as the axilla, breast, or post-auricular area, but cutaneous scars are still apparent and these approaches require a large amount of flap dissection.Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) for thyroidectomy was developed. This surgical technique completely avoids visible cutaneous scarring with an approach through the oral cavity. Two techniques have been described, including 1) a sublingual approach, which causes severe tissue damage with a high complication rate and 2) an transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA).A major advantage of TOETVA is the midline approach to the central neck, which allows access for a total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection.
Pencegahan Primer Pada Penyakit Kanker Payudara
Authors: Umar Mulawan
Published: May 2023

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and with high mortality rate also. There is evidence showing the influence of life style and environmental factors on the development of mammary gland cancer (high-fat diet, alcohol consumption, lack of physical exercise), the elimination of which (primary prevention) may contribute to a decrease in morbidity and mortality. The aim of this paper is to review current knowledge and reports regarding primary prevention of breast cancer.
Maintaining Healthy Skin During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Larasati Venny , Fertilita Soilia
Published: May 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought several changes to people's routine habits. Educating the public about the importance of washing and disinfecting hands as often as possible and the use of personal protective equipment such as masks, googles or face shields to avoid disease transmission and sunbathing habits to get the benefits of sunlight for health and the immune system has an impact on behavior changes on the community. These new habits can bring a negative effect to the skin. The use of disinfectants and personal protective equipment can cause allergic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, skin maceration, secondary fungal infection and acne. Sunbathing can cause changes in skin pigmentation, the appearance of black spots, the skin looks dull and rough and accelerates the appearance of premature wrinkles on the skin. Proper skin care routine during this pandemic situation is essential to maintain skin healthy and avoid skin problems due to the use of disinfectants or PPE. The use of emollients, moisturizers and barrier creams can prevent skin problems to happen. Skin moisturizers can be used regularly after hand washing and before using personal protective equipment. When it comes to maintaining healthy skin during pandemic, skin care routine consists of facial cleansers, toners, moisturizers, serums, morning creams and night creams are also recommended to keep the skin healthy and slow the appearance of premature aging signs on the skin. This activity aims to provide a better understanding to people especially worker how to prevent skin problems and how to maintain healthy skin during pandemic.
Strengthening the Healthy Living Society Movement (GERMAS) during the Covid Pandemic 19
Authors: Sanif Rizal
Published: May 2023

Health problems in Indonesia are very serious challenges. The main problem is that there is a triple burden or three important health problems related to the eradication of infectious diseases, an increase in cases of non-communicable diseases and the re-emergence of types of diseases that should have been successfully resolved. Infectious diseases such as diarrhea, tuberculosis and dengue fever were the most common health cases; now there has been a marked change in the number of cases of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cancer and coronary heart disease. The Government of the Republic of Indonesia at the Ministry of Health in 2017 launched GERMAS or Healthy Living Community Movement. GERMAS is a movement that aims to promote a culture of healthy living and leave unhealthy habits and behavior of society. The GERMAS action was also followed by promoting hygiene and healthy living habits and support for community-based infrastructure programs. This program has several focuses, such as building access to meet drinking water needs, community health installations and the construction of habitable settlements. The three of them are the basic infrastructure that is the foundation of the healthy life movement.
Efforts to Maintain the Health of Pregnant Women through Antenatal Care Education
Authors: Oktariana Desi
Published: May 2023

In Indonesia, maternal mortality is still an important problem that requires comprehensive treatment and follow-up. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is still high and has not reached the target set by the government. Maternal mortality can be prevented through Antenatal Care (ANC) services. ANC visit, for example, is influenced by the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women. Unfortunately, there are still pregnant women who don't know about the importance of ANC, so they don't make ANC visits. This community service activity is carried out to provide education, in the form of counseling, for pregnant women about Antenatal Care (ANC), with the aim of increasing awareness of pregnant women to maintain health during pregnancy and increase the participation of pregnant women in ANC visits.
Comfortable Menopouse with Ex ercise
Authors: Irfannuddin
Published: May 2023

Menopouse is a health problem related to aging that is sure to be experienced by every woman when she reaches middle age. Menopouse is caused by the decreases of estrogen in ovaries due to the failure of negative feedback mechanism in hormonal reproductive system. The decline of estrogen synthesis will affect on various disorder of multi system organs. An appropriate and regular physical exercise is a form of natural intervention that can be done to improve menopause symptoms and decrease risk of degenerative diseases. It is recommended that resistance training is supervised by a professional, or following proper guidelines to prevent the adverse effects.
COVID 19: REALS AND CHALLENGES AGAINST DOCTORS
Authors: Ahmad Zen
Published: May 2023

Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) is a contagious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was discovered in December 2019 in China. This disease can cause clinical manifestations in the airway, lung and systemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) representative of China reported a pneumonia case with unknown etiology in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China on December 31, 2019. The cause was identified as a new type of coronavirus on January 7, 2020 with an estimated source of the virus from traditional markets (seafood market). ) Wuhan city