bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shape and Composition Evolution in an Alloy Core–Shell Nanowire Heterostructure Induced by Adatom Diffusion
Authors: Han Delong , Tang Wenlei , Sun Naizhang , Ye Han , Chai Hongyu , Wang Mingchao
Published: May 2023

A core–shell nanowire heterostructure is an important building block for nanowire-based optoelectronic devices. In this paper, the shape and composition evolution induced by adatom diffusion is investigated by constructing a growth model for alloy core–shell nanowire heterostructures, taking diffusion, adsorption, desorption and incorporation of adatoms into consideration. With moving boundaries accounting for sidewall growth, the transient diffusion equations are numerically solved by the finite element method. The adatom diffusions introduce the position-dependent and time-dependent adatom concentrations of components A and B. The newly grown alloy nanowire shell depends on the incorporation rates, resulting in both shape and composition evolution during growth. The results show that the morphology of nanowire shell strongly depends on the flux impingement angle. With the increase in this impingement angle, the position of the largest shell thickness on sidewall moves down to the bottom of nanowire and meanwhile, the contact angle between shell and substrate increases to an obtuse angle. Coupled with the shell shapes, the composition profiles are shown as non-uniform along both the nanowire and the shell growth directions, which can be attributed to the adatom diffusion of components A and B. The impacts of parameters on the shape and composition evolution are systematically investigated, including diffusion length, adatom lifetime and corresponding ratios between components. This kinetic model is expected to interpret the contribution of adatom diffusion in growing alloy group-IV and group III-V core–shell nanowire heterostructures.
Antiviral Activity of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Extract against Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Authors: Al-Askar Abdulaziz A. , Aseel Dalia G. , El-Gendi Hamada , Sobhy Sherien , Samy Marwa A. , Hamdy Esraa , El-Messeiry Sarah , Behiry Said I. , Elbeaino Toufic , Abdelkhalek Ahmed
Published: May 2023

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a major pathogen affecting tomato plants worldwide. The efficacy of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) mediated by Punica granatum biowaste peel extract in mitigating the negative impact of TMV infection on tomato growth and oxidative stress was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Results of SEM analysis of green Ag-NPs revealed the presence of condensed spherical or round NPs with diameters ranging between 61 and 97 nm. TEM confirmed the SEM results and showed round-shaped Ag-NPs with an average size of 33.37 ± 12.7 nm. The elemental analysis (EDX) of prepared Ag-NPs revealed the presence of elemental Ag as a major peak (64.43%) at 3–3.5 KeV. The FTIR revealed several functional groups on the prepared Ag-NPs, for which three treatment strategies for Ag-NP applications were evaluated in the greenhouse study and compared to inoculated TMV and control plants: pre-infection treatment (TB), post-infection treatment (TA), and dual treatment (TD). The results showed that the TD strategy is the most effective in improving tomato growth and reducing viral replication, whereas all Ag-NP treatments (TB, TA, and TD) were found to significantly increase expression of the pathogenesis-related (PR) genes PR-1 and PR-2, as well as polyphenolic compounds, HQT, and C4H genes compared to control plants. In contrast, the flavonoid content of tomato plants was not affected by the viral infection, while the phenolic content was significantly reduced in the TMV group. Furthermore, TMV infection led to a significant increase in oxidative stress markers MDA and H2O2, as well as a reduction in the enzymatic activity of the antioxidants PPO, SOD, and POX. Our results clearly showed that the application of Ag-NPs on TMV-infected plants reduces virus accumulation, delays viral replication in all treatments, and greatly enhances the expression of the CHS gene involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Overall, these findings suggest that treatment with Ag-NPs may be an effective strategy to mitigate the negative impact of TMV infection on tomato plants.
Response of Plant and Soil N, P, and N:P Stoichiometry to N Addition in China: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Shuifei , Zhang Wenwen , Ge Xiaomin , Zheng Xiao , Zhou Xu , Ding Hui , Zhang Aiguo
Published: May 2023

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are key elements essential for plant growth and development. Due to fertilizer application, rapid urbanization, and fossil fuel combustion, nitrogen deposition has reached relatively high levels in China. However, there is still uncertainty regarding the response of N:P stoichiometry in plants and soil to N deposition across different ecosystems. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted using 845 observations from 75 studies to evaluate the response of plant and soil N and P concentrations and N to P ratios across various ecosystems to N addition. The analysis revealed that N concentration and N:P stoichiometry in plants and soil increased under N addition, while P concentration in plants and soil decreased on average. Furthermore, the magnitude of these responses was related to the N input rate and experimental duration. Finally, the effects of N addition on N concentration, P concentration, and N:P in terrestrial ecosystems would alter their allocation patterns, depending on relevant climate factors such as mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. This study highlights the ecological impact of N addition on the biogeochemical cycling of major elements (N and P) in terrestrial ecosystems in China. These findings are necessary for improving our understanding of the characteristics of plant ecological stoichiometry and helping to plan measures for increasing N deposition.
The Growth Characteristics and the Active Compounds of Cudrania tricuspidata Fruits in Different Cultivation Environments in South Korea
Authors: Lee Dong-Hwan , Son Yong-Hwan , Jang Jun-Hyuk , Lee Sun-Young , Kim Hyun-Jun
Published: May 2023

Cudrania tricuspidata is a traditional medicinal herb in East Asia. The compounds of plants vary depending on environmental factors, such as soil, temperature, drainage, and so on. However, few to no studies have been done on the correlation among environment, growth, and compounds in C. tricuspidata. Thus, we aimed to investigate their relationship. Samples of C. tricuspidata fruit and cultivation soil were collected from 28 cultivation sites in October 2021. Six growth characteristics, eleven soil physicochemical properties, seven meteorological data points, and three active compounds were investigated in this study. We developed and validated an optimized method for quantifying active compounds using UPLC and performed correlation analysis of the environment, growth characteristics, and active compounds. The UPLC-UV method for determining active compounds was validated by measuring the linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision, and accuracy using UPLC. The LOD and LOQ were 0.01–0.03 µg/mL and 0.04–0.09 µg/mL, respectively. The precision was acceptable with RSD% values less than 2%. The recoveries ranged from 97.25 to 104.98% with RSD values <2%, within the acceptable limits. The active compounds were negatively correlated with the size of the fruit, and the growth characteristics were negatively correlated with some environmental factors. The results of this study can be used as basic data for the standard cultural practices and quality control of C. tricuspidata fruits.
Control for a Class of Unstable High-Order Systems with Time Delay Based on Observer–Predictor Approach
Authors: Márquez-Rubio Juan Francisco , Del Muro-Cuéllar Basilio , Barragan-Bonilla Luis Alberto , Vazquez-Guerra Rocio Jasmin , Urquiza-Castro Alejandro
Published: May 2023

This work considers the stabilization of a high-order system with time delay; an observer–predictor scheme is designed to estimate an internal signal of the system that is not available for measurement: this internal signal is the output before being delayed. By using the estimated signal, it is possible to design a controller for the delay-free system. The key point to carrying out this estimation strategy is to obtain conditions assuring that the estimated signal converges to the internal variable of the system. A necessary and sufficient condition to achieve an appropriate convergence in the proposed observer–predictor scheme is given. In addition, an analysis of the disturbance rejection and robustness with respect to the delay term is provided. The correct functioning of this scheme is verified through an example.
A Conceptual Model for the Sustainable Development of the Arctic’s Mineral Resources Considering Current Global Trends: Future Scenarios, Key Actors, and Recommendations
Authors: Dmitrieva Diana , Chanysheva Amina , Solovyova Victoria
Published: May 2023

Today, the issues of sustainable development are among the most pressing ones. They are particularly relevant in the context of mineral resource development as operations in this sector always have an impact on the environment and socioeconomic development. Developing the mineral resource base of the Arctic presents a difficult task, as it requires finding a balance between the growing demand in resources and the acute climatic and geopolitical challenges. In view of both the specific features of the region and the pressure caused by various trends and challenges, ensuring the sustainable development of the Arctic’s mineral resource base is highly important. In 2022, the global landscape that consists of sustainable development trends, ESG agendas, and environmental awareness was supplemented by national import substitution policies introduced in many strategic industries, which led to an inevitable increase in demand for mineral resources. This substantiates the importance of the research goal—developing a model for the sustainable development of the Arctic’s mineral resource base that will produce quantitative results and provide key actors with reasonable recommendations for restructuring the priority areas of development.
Effect of Primary Care Center Characteristics, Healthcare Worker Vaccination Status and Patient Economic Setting on Patient Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rates
Authors: Bengoa Terrero Christian , Bas Villalobos Marian , Rodríguez-Moñino Ana Pastor , Lasheras Carbajo María Dolores , Pérez-Villacastín Julián , García Torrent María Jesús , Sánchez-del-Hoyo Rafael , Bengoa San Sebastian Eneko , García Lledó Alberto
Published: May 2023

Background: Reaching the public health organizations targets of influenza vaccination in at-risk patient groups remains a challenge worldwide. Recognizing the relationship between the healthcare system characteristics and the economic environment of the population with vaccination uptake can be of great importance to improve. Methods: Several characteristics were correlated in this retrospective ecological study with data from 6.8 million citizens, 15,812 healthcare workers across 258 primary care health centers, and average income by area of the care center in Spain. Results: No correlation between HCW vaccination status and patient vaccination was found. A weak negative significant correlation between the size of the population the care center covers and their vaccination status did exist (6 mo.–59 yr., r = 0.19, p = 0.002; 60–64 yr., r = 0.23, p < 0.001; ≥65 yr., r = 0.23, p ≥ 0.001). The primary care centers with fewer HCWs had better uptake in the at-risk groups in the age groups of 60–64 yr. (r = 0.20, p = 0.002) and ≥65 (r = 0.023, p ≥ 0.001). A negative correlation was found regarding workload in the 6 mo.–59 yr. age group (r = 0.18, p = 0.004), which showed the at-risk groups that lived in the most economically deprived areas were more likely to be vaccinated. Conclusions: This study reveals that the confounding variables that determine influenza vaccination in a population and in HCWs are complex. Future influenza campaigns should address these especially considering the possibility of combining influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines each year.
THE PERSONAL AND COMPETENCE ASPECT OF FUTURE MASTERS’ OF PHARMACY ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT CULTURE FORMATION IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors: Sholoiko N.
Published: May 2023

The article describes the personal and competence aspect of future pharmacists’ organizational and management culture formation in the unity of the leading provisions of the personal and competence-based scientific approaches. The lkey ideas of future masters’ of pharmacy organizational and management culture formation are defined as the following: personal (implementation of the humanistic methodological aspect of future pharmacists’ organizational and management culture formation; emphasis on future pharmacists’ psychological, physical, age, gender, social characteristics, their individual inclinations, talents, abilities, opportunities as higher education students of pharmaceutical faculties; future specialists’ self-awareness formation; taking into account the subjective experience of each individual, including the individual value attitude towards oneself and the environment; ability and skills to comply with norms of humane behavior; independence of future pharmacists’ moral beliefs and their harmonious personal development; involvement in active self-improvement, a sense of self-worth, self-determination, self-realization, which makes it possible to orient the formation of a future master of pharmacy to the development of personal and professional achievements, qualities of organizational and management culture throughout life); competence (ensuring pharmacists’ professional competence as managers (professional knowledge, skills, abilities, professional abilities and experience); finding effective ways to increase the level of competences due to their formation and development, the accumulation of new professional knowledge and their use; guaranteeing the successful achievement of the quality of significant managerial and organizational signs of future specialists’ professional culture).Prospects for further research of the outlined issue are determined in the adaptation of ideas, provisions, and technological mechanisms of the personal-competence aspect of future pharmacists’ organizational and management culture formation in the process of professional training in domestic institutions of higher education that train future masters for the field of pharmacy.
FUTURE SPECIALIST IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS TRAININGIN USING MOTION GAMES IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Khlibkevych S.
Published: May 2023

The article defines the specific features of a future specialist in physical education and sports training in using motion games in professional activities. Based on the analysis of educational standards and programs of specialist training, a comparative analysis of the methodological features of the teaching courses «Motion Games in Sports» and «Theory and Methodology of Teaching Motion Games and Entertainment» has been carried out in accordance with the requirements of the competency approach; the main integrated tasks of the training courses have been defined, the requirements for the knowledge, abilities, skills, culture of motor activity of future specialists in the field of physical culture and sports have been formulated. The phasing of the future physical culture and sports specialists’ pedagogical actions while implementing game methods is substantiated.

Conclusions have been made and practical recommendations have been provided based on the results of a comparative analysis of the educational programme: in general, the course «Motion Games in Sports» and «Theory and Teaching Methods of Motion Games and Entertainment» meet the requirements of the competence approach and the future specialists’ professional activities; teaching, structuring of material and distribution of forms and methods of teaching are carried out in accordance with the principles of consistency and systematicity; it is recommended to strengthen the program content of the course «Theory and Teaching Methods of Motion Games and Entertainment» with educational material about the role of motion games in the development of a person’s physical qualities and the differentiation of games by sports; teaching the discipline «Motion Games in Sports» for future coaches requires strengthening of age differentiation and substantiation of age aspects of the motion games usage; for the course «Motion Games in Sports» and «Theory and Teaching Methods of Motion Games and Entertainment» it is necessary to strengthen the research and project components of future specialists’ education.
THE TRAINING SYSTEM OF A FOOTBALL COACH-LECTURER (HISTORICAL ASPECT)
Authors: SVIERTNIEV O. , SHERSTYUK O.
Published: May 2023

The article focuses on historical background of the origin and development of a football coach-lecturer training system. It was logically ascertained that the system reveals to have durable timeline up from the end of the XIX c. until nowadays. All the crucial stages of the successful implementation of football into the educational system of Ukraine were deeply clarified.Actually, the profound interest in football as powerful means of physical education has been exposed in Western Ukraine since 1890. He was Oleksii Butovskyi, a head of training courses for physical education specialists in Cadet corps, who explored British football content and game instructions firstly in the domestic practice of physical education. The football training programme for pupils of 5–8 grades was initiated by Uzhhorod gymnasium gymnastics teacher I. Medretskyi, while E. Tsenar and H. Yordan as professors at Lviv teacher’s gymnasium presented the first programme of the football implementation in gymnasiums.The fact that training courses, produced and adopted in 1896 by Petr Lesgaft (Lesgaft Courses), became higher educational institution to master leaders and organizers in physical education was under in-depth analysis. It was also pointed out that foundation of the physical education faculties (PEF) within pedagogical institutions of higher education manifested a significant stage to solve the problem of training scientific-pedagogical staff. They actually started a regular training of physical education teachers as well as coaches-lecturers for educational institutions. The role of public organizations in training football coaches-lecturers under the up-to-date terms was thoroughly examined.
Antecedents of entrepreneurial intention: A study on students from the tourism management department
Authors: Panagiota Xanthopoulou  , Sahinidis Alexandros
Published: May 2023

Undoubtedly, deciding to enter the business world is a challenging decision that is influenced by several factors. Some of them are cultural since they deal with widespread beliefs about entrepreneurial activity in a community at a certain time. Other factors are related to the entrepreneur’s personal characteristics. As young people in Greece are interested in starting their own businesses they interact with their peers around the world, mainly in Europe, for exchanging ideas, information and good practices, despite the cultural differences between the North and the South of Europe. This paper will address the issue of shaping an entrepreneur in Greece and the role of factors such as entrepreneurship education, personal characteristics, and social norms in his/her entrepreneurial intention. A sample of 143 students in the tourism department of a Greek University answered an online questionnaire at the end of the semester. Findings show that Personal Attitude (PA), Social Norms (SN) and Self-efficacy (SE) had a significant impact on the Entrepreneurial Intention (EI) of tourism students. The characteristics of those starting up businesses in the tourism sector will also be reviewed, and the consequences for policy makers will be examined to encourage new start-ups and increase the survival chances of the existing ones.
Well-being Human Resource Model In The Collaborative Economy: The Keystone of ESG Strategy In The Tourism Sector
Authors: Ragazou Konstantina , Garefalakis Alexandros , Papademetriou Christos , Passas Ioannis
Published: May 2023

Sharing Economy is widely used in recent years and describes the commercial activity through online platforms, where third parties transact with each other and provides access to available resources or to resources that they do not use enough, with mainly financial motivations. Furthermore, Sharing Economy in collaboration with ESG archetypes can contribute to the sustainability of tourism and enables to the social well-being and economic growth of the sector. Thus, the aim of this study is threefold: (i) to investigate the role of the Sharing Economy and ESG practices in the well-being of Human Resources Management (HRM) in the tourism sector, (ii) to illustrate the research trends in the topic and (iii) to build a pillar framework for a culture well-being for businesses in the sector, which will be based on the principles of both Sharing Economy and ESG archetypes. To approach the research topic a five-step bibliometric analysis with R package has been applied. The bibliometric tools of Biblioshiny and VOSviewer have been applied for the analysis and the visualization of the results that come from the consideration of 593 original articles. The data were retrieved from Scopus database. The analysis indicates the role of gig economy, as the most important in the improvement of the well-being of the workforce in the tourism sector. The rapid growth of the gig economy is changing the future of employment, while can reconsider the work-life experience by allowing the workforce to select where, when and with whom they want to work. Today, businesses have the comfort of recruiting highly qualified, on-demand staffing talent day-to-day or as seasonal needs arise. Therefore, findings of this study present that tourism industry can not only survive but thrive through gig economy and offer to its human resource a work environment that will be characterized by agility, safety, balance, and sustainability.
The effect of goal motivation on the integration and the success of an organizational change in the hospitality sector
Authors: Belias Dimitrios , Trihas Nikoloas , Dimou Irini , Kourgiantakis Markos
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between the motivation to accomplish set goals and its effect on the integration and the success of change on four and five star hotels in Greece. The research aims to answer on two research hypotheses. These are the following: a) Η1 Hypothesis: Motivation to accomplish set goals is a significant positive predictor of Integration of change and b) Η2 Hypothesis: Motivation to accomplish set goals is a significant positive predictor of Success of change. For this reason, a quantitative research was conducted. The sample of this research consisted of 513 employees who work in Greek four and five star hotels. The results of the research indicated that the hotel employees feel that they are moderate motivated to accomplish the set goals of an organizational change which occurs in a hotel company. Furthermore, the current research indicated that motivation is an important element for the potential integration and success of changes in the hospitality sector. Hence, both hypotheses were confirmed
Revenue Management Capability and Host Professionalization Degree
Authors: Sainaghi Ruggero
Published: May 2023

This study explores how a revenue management capability can be created by Airbnb hosts and the role played by the professionalization degree, defined as the number of listings managed by a host. The theoretical lenses used by this study is the resource-based. Based on previous studies on revenue management in the field of hospitality, a wide list of routines, skills, know-how and coordination mechanisms are considered to explain how the revenue management capability can be created by a host. In particular, the revenue management process can be segmented into four major components: i) identifying the required information to set the revenue management strategy, ii) taking strategic and then tactical pricing and revenue management decisions, iii) managing the communication and interaction with the guests, and iv) the availability of a software dedicated to revenue management.

The study is based on qualitative data collected through interviews in the Milan destination. In line with previous studies, three different groups of hosts where identified: i) single hosts (also called group one), ii) hosts managing 3-5 listings (group two), iii) hosts managing more than 10 listings (group 3). The interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded using the software NVIVO. Results reports strong differences between the three groups of hosts and especially between single and big hosts (those managing ten or more listings). The goals itself are different: while single hosts prefer to select guest and maximize price, big hosts, supporting higher fixed costs, are strongly focused on revenue. All the four blocks are therefore managed in a different way. Small hosts are widely involved in the operating processes (check-in, cleaning, guest interaction) and in many cases the short-term rental is only an additional activity (the main work in another). Therefore, the time dedicated to data collection and revenue management strategy is limited. The opposite is for big hosts that are usually organized as a company with employees specialized per function and with a strong focus on revenue maximization. The paper is supportive for the emerging idea of professionalization degree. The study traces theoretical as well as practical conclusions. The main study limitations are listed.
Fear of Travelling after Covid-19, the Moderation Effect of Social Distancing
Authors: Anh Kim Dao , Phi Truong Hung , Duc Hoang Sinh
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 has caused unparalleled public dread, which will most certainly impede tourist business recovery once the epidemic is gone. This research investigates the causes of the general public's epidemic travel anxiety, as well as how individuals impose self-protection, coping, and resilience with travel. The study blends theories such as protection motive theory, coping theory, and resilience theory to achieve the research goal. The primary data came from an online poll of 322 Southeast Asian travelers. According to the findings, the magnitude and vulnerability of the danger might induce "travel dread," which leads to protection motivation and precautionary travel behaviors during the pandemic. The findings also demonstrate that social distancing has memory consequences. In other words, individuals who willingly engaged in social separation during the pandemic are more likely to continue doing so in the post-COVID period since their long-term behavior has been influenced.
Tourism Promotion Using Social Networks: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lopez-Ortiz Duberlyn Mayly , Rosas-Ybañes Isela Fernanda , Cordova-Buiza Franklin , Auccahuasi Wilver
Published: May 2023

Social networks function as a strategy for the promotion and dissemination of tourism destinations. The objective of this systematic review is to determine what is known about the use of social networks as a tool for tourism promotion, in the scientific literature between 2012 and 2022. The Prisma methodology (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta - Analyses) was used, the databases were Science direct, Taylor and Francis, Dialnet, Redalyc and Scielo, with a total of 49 systematized articles, the inclusion criteria were those that are published between 2012 and 2022, are in Spanish, English or Portuguese language, and that have free access. The results obtained determine that, 78 % of the articles are current as of 2017, with a significant decrease during 2020 due to the global health crisis. It is concluded that the use of social networks by tourists allows them to publicize a destination indirectly, and they do so by posting photos and videos, accompanied by texts, either with information about the destination or with inspirational phrases. Finally, it is mentioned that there is a wide variety of social networks that could be used to promote a destination; but, among the most relevant we have Instagram, Facebook and Twitter, which have been observed in most of the articles, regardless of the category, are used as the main social networks for the dissemination and promotion of destinations. Tiktok could also be included as a social network with a lot of diffusion power; however, there are still not many studies that support this information.
The Perception Of Host Communities On The Impact Of Tourism In The Jericoacoara Region (Brazil)
Authors: Cardoso António , BIAU Sandro , Pereira Manuel , Figueiredo Jorge , Oliveira Isabel
Published: May 2023

The present study aims to analyze how the natives and ancient residents of the small locality of Jericoacoara, located in the Northeast of Brazil, and recognized as being a spot of an intense tourist movement, evaluate and experience the socioeconomic, cultural and environmental indicators resulting from the tourist activity and what are the impacts for the community and on the life of each resident. It is also intended to evaluate the acuity of the community perception towards the tourism in comparison with the opinions of scholars. Therefore we undertake a detailed presentation of the different theoretical positions regarding tourism and its positive and negative impacts on the host communities, taking in consideration the most varied segments interfering on population's everyday life. To better situate the issue, some of the most significant historical moments of Tourism in the World, in Brazil and in Ceará are highlighted. In relation to Brazil and Ceará, the study was also concerned with describing the main indicators related to tourism, as well as identifying the profile of workers in there´s activity, labor situation, schooling, income, living conditions, public policies of tourism and institutions related to this sector, either in the preservation of the environment or in the protection and defense of the historical and natural heritage, as well as to verify the transformations in the main basic infrastructures: health, education, transport and sanitation. In conclusion, the residents' perceptions about the impacts of the activity are presented. The recognition of the positive effects of tourism on the life of community, its social and economic aspects, are evaluated as well as some negatives effects in their cultural and environmental aspects. Also, a criticism and synthesis of everything that has been discussed is outlined and the key concepts of tourism such as development, quality of life and the encounter of cultures. Some suggestions of action
Developing the destination management organization of the 3rd generation. Insights from Slovakia
Authors: Maráková Vanda , Dzúriková Lenka
Published: May 2023

Destinations are traditionally created based on the administrative division of the territory. However, fragmented territorial structures can represent an obstacle to the implementation of effective development processes within destination management organizations. The activities of third-generation destination management organisations go beyond territorial divisions and instead focus on tourism flows and functional service chains in destinations. Even though the need to remove the administrative division of destinations is apparent and third-generation management organizations are being created, research in this area is not extensive. The aim of the study is therefore to present a methodology that leads to the efficiency of the activities of destination management organisations based on the monitoring of tourism flows and ecosytem of services in selected destinations in Slovakia (Dolný Zemplín and Horný Zemplín). Through a quantitative survey of visitors and tourism stakeholders in selected destinations, the authors found that the interested parties perceive the monitored destinations as a whole - not divided and the activity of existing destination management organisations as insufficient. The study provides recommendations for the implementation of efficient development processes within destination management organisations by connecting them based on the monitoring of tourism flows. The presented methodology can serve as a starting point for the restructuring of destination management organisations for other destinations in Slovakia and abroad.
The Pilgrim Consumer Behaviour along the Way of St. James
Authors: Monteiro Rafael , Silva Susana , Azevedo Daniel
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is contributing to increase the knowledge about Pilgrim’s behaviour during their journey. It focuses mainly on food consumption expenses and habits. The study aims to describe the behavior of pilgrims along the Santiago route.

A cross-sectional quantitative study was performed to achieve our objectives. 225 pilgrims fulfilled a survey to characterise their profile and their consumption pattern during the pilgrimage.

Our results showed that most of the pilgrims describe themselves as tourist or mystical and transcendental. The pilgrimage lasts 13 days performing 23,6 kilometers for 6,5 hours per day. Regarding differences in the amount of money spent according to the pilgrim profile or the pilgrimage we only observe significant differences for the tourist profile intending to spend more money per day. In the same way, pilgrims performing less than 6 hours of walking per day intend to spend more money.

In conclusion, it seems that the Saint James Way seems to attract more people to the local community increasing their availability to spend money locally
Brazilian consumer behavior in restaurants during the pandemic: practical implications
Authors: Pereira Manuel , Cardoso António , Cairrão Alvaro , Silva Taise , Faria Sílvia
Published: May 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic situation brought several challenges to Brazilian consumers, especially in the food and catering sector. For greater control of the pandemic, the Brazilian government has implemented a set of laws and regulations with the aim of containing the spread of the virus. The closure of restaurants, as well as the ban on the sale of food and beverages, led consumers to change their buying habits, as well as the emergence of innovative ways of selling these products to customers. This study aims to identify changes in consumer behavior during the pandemic period in restaurants located in the state of Bahia, Brazil. As for the methodology, quantitative research was used, with the application of an online questionnaire, made available on google forms; we get a final sample of 123 consumers of food and beverages, residents in the state of Bahia. The data obtained by applying the questionnaire revealed some changes in consumer behavior during the pandemic: adaptations in the way of buying and consuming food, as well as a reduction in trips to restaurants due to the increased use of mobile applications in shopping habits and a greater concern with hygiene habits.
Emotional elements as part of the digital tourism experience
Authors: Heinonen Johanna , Murto Maria
Published: May 2023

Digital tools and platforms are often considered to improve customer experiences. Especially during the pandemic, businesses engaged with digital tools, e.g., marketing, sales, communication and experience creation. However, using digital solutions is often considered to solve all the challenges and problems, and the emotional and human touch needs to be remembered. With the requirements of multi-channelled communication, customer encounters are becoming more and more challenging. Technical excellence is not enough, but understanding customer behaviour and emotions is crucial. The age of the customer challenges companies to create experiential digital services instead of mere efficiency. Digital customer experience includes value proposition, human-centred innovation, and experiences (Tussyadiah 2014) along all the touch points of the digital customer journey (Zomerdijk & Voss 2010). These can be analysed with the sensorial, emotional and behavioural dimensions of Gentile et al. (2007) to understand the elements that create a customer experience. Gentile et al. (2007) also noticed that customer involvement and commitment were more substantial if several dimensions were present in the service. This paper studies the emotional customer responses to one webpage to determine the triggers creating emotions and thus resulting in actions. Laboratory experiments and thematic interviews were used as a method to help to form digital tourism experiences better. As a result, it can be stated that there is much to do to create positive emotional effects instead of frustration and anger. The study showed that even the pragmatic dimension failed in customer experience, and the sensorial dimension settled with vision. Even though this study functioned as a pilot for future research, it provided insights to the companies and increased the understanding of applying Gentile's dimensions of customer experience. While the tourism and hospitality industry is considered an experienced business, adding all the customer experience dimensions to the online channels and communication is recommended to increase customer involvement and, thus, customer loyalty.
Performance Indicators in the Tourism Sector: Comparative Analysis of the Visegrad Group
Authors: Trubač Dominik , Paculík Dávid , Ághová Katarína
Published: May 2023

Dynamic shifts in society accelerate the need to measure performance and use the data to identify promising areas for continuous improvement and eliminate potential risk factors. The process of measuring and analysing performance isn't anymore an essential task of strategic management only from the perspective of individual enterprises but also from the perspective of other subjects. Countries evaluate the performance of various sectors to track and record the economic benefits of industries and calculate shares of industries in the country's gross domestic product and other macroeconomic results. Considering the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and digital transformation on global economics, the stakeholders understand the need to be aware of potential risks and opportunities in the future. Detailed measuring of industry performance is a driving force for identifying critical factors in economic systems and effective strategic planning. Countries should design and use the correct metrics and performance measurements to achieve desired outcomes. In the tourism sector, the most important performance indicators and results at the country level are presented as a part of Tourism Satellite Accounts. In this paper, we compare the current use of performance indicators in the tourism sector in Visegrad Group countries based on information from national statistical offices and other relevant sources. We investigate the processes of collecting data from economic subjects used to evaluate industry performance. The findings of this research confirm slight differences in using tourism performance indicators among analysed countries and tools used for obtaining required data. Although we identify several shortcomings in the existing conditions in Slovakia, we also formulate practical recommendations based on examples from other analysed countries to improve the current state of measuring industry performance. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the correct use and visual presentation of performance indicators. Our findings can also be applied in other countries to identify the possibilities of better monitoring for taking appropriate strategic actions and measuring the impact of activities to support tourism at the level of individual destinations or regions.
Impact of gastronomic events on the reactivation of MICE Tourism in Bogotá
Authors: Cárdenas Gómez Anyi Gabriela , Ovalle Carrillo Gisell Alejandra
Published: May 2023

Bogotá is one of the best MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions) destinations in Latin America due to advantages in air connectivity, financial stability, industries, institutions, hotel infrastructure, and spaces for the development of large events. The city receives more than half of the foreign tourists who visit Colombia, traveling for professional reasons or to participate in congresses and conventions. Likewise, it is characterized by its cultural richness and varied gastronomic offer in products, flavours, preparation techniques, and presentations, with gastronomy being one of the most popular activities for tourists visiting the city for business or events, who take gastronomic tours, visit emblematic cafes and traditional markets. With the COVID-19 pandemic, tourism activity in the city decreased by 60%, affecting different sectors. Since the second semester of 2021, the reactivation of massive events and meetings has been promoted, with the reduction of restrictions and the execution of initiatives by public and private entities. Among the initiatives are events that promote the gastronomic sector. This is how the need arises to identify the gastronomic events that take place in Bogotá and describe the impact they have had on the reactivation of MICE tourism during the year 2022. The research is formulated based on a qualitative descriptive methodology, a matrix is built to consolidate the agenda of gastronomic events, the impact on attendees, exhibitors, and sales; Interviews were also conducted with experts who collaborate with public and private entities to create strategies to reactivate the sector. This achieved the identification of a program that includes gastronomic fairs and festivals distributed throughout the year with important figures in sales, attendees, local and foreign exhibitors, demonstrating the impact on the reactivation of the gastronomic sector, which presents itself as an attractive option for the development of the MICE industry in the city.
A New Healer in the Treatment of Diabetes and Diabetic Wounds: Stevia rebaudiana
Authors: KUNT Nisanur , CEVHER Şule Coşkun
Published: May 2023

Diabetes, one of the most common diseases in the world, causes a decrease in the formation of macrophages, endothelial cells, keratinocytes, platelets, and, fibroblasts, which play a role in the cellular response to tissue damage in wound healing, and a decrease in the cytokines they secrete, inflammatory mediators, or growth factors, making wound healing difficult. As the healing period of the wounds increases, the psychology of the patients is adversely affected by the inability to return to their daily routines, the loss the of workforce increases, and the country's economy is adversely affected. In the last decades, because of the increase in many diseases such as diabetes and diabetes-related wounds, the use of calorie-free foods and herbal treatment methods has been preferred. Plants are increasingly being used as a source of pharmaceutical medications since they are simple to obtain, have no negative side effects, are affordable, and are simple to utilize. In order to meet these needs, sweeteners containing stevia extracts or components, obtained from the Stevia rebaudiana plant, that are calorie-free and 300 fold sweeter than cane sugar, have been on the market for some time. Despite the fact that Stevia rebaudiana, often known as sugar grass, is not a commonly utilized plant around the globe, it is possible to find literature that claims it is used as a preventive and curative for a variety of diseases. Although Stevia rebaudiana has various biological effects such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor, and antimicrobial, knowledge of diabetes and its effects on diabetic wound healing are limited. The purpose of this review is to evaluate how effectively Stevia rebaudiana treats diabetes and diabetic wounds.
MİLLİ MARKA DUYARLILIĞI VE MARKA FARKINDALIĞININ SATIN ALMA NİYETİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: BİLGİN Yusuf , PABUÇCU Tuğba
Published: May 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, tüketici etnosentrizmi kapsamında millî marka duyarlılığının tüketicilerin satın alma niyetine etkisini incelemektir. Buna ek olarak, araştırmada marka farkındalığının tüketicilerin satın alma niyetine etkisinin test edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın evrenini, sosyal medyada en fazla takipçi sayısına sahip Türk menşeli on beyaz eşya markasını Facebook ve Instagram’da aktif olarak takip eden kullanıcılar oluşturmaktadır. Çevrim içi anketler vasıtasıyla 615 katılımcıdan elde edilen veriler, Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (AMOS 24.0) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, millî marka duyarlılığının tüketicilerin marka farkındalığı ve satın alma niyetleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, analiz sonuçları marka farkındalığının tüketicilerin satın alma niyetlerini pozitif etkilediğini göstermektedir. Dahası, araştırma sonucunda marka farkındalığının millî marka duyarlılığının tüketicilerin satın alma niyetlerine etkisinde aracılık rolüne sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada ulaşılan sonuçlar, Türk menşeli beyaz eşya markaları için millî marka hassasiyetine sahip tüketicilere yönelik pazarlama eylemlerinin marka farkındalığını artırmada ve tüketicileri satın almaya teşvik etmede işlevsel olduğunu göstermektedir.
Peanut seed drill with sloping disk
Authors: Claros Salvador , Arce Manuel , Solís Lorgio , Montaño Edwin , Vargas Cuno
Published: May 2023

The project was developed starting off of a machine constructed in Padilla like prototype, and with the objective in that then ones to perform the corresponding tests in field. Once Metal Mecánica in Monteagudo, where at the moment it has been working for two years, the test of the machine was realized. The modifications that employed like east result, were in the majority of the cases done in the work shop, was used like method the experimentation, until being able to fit to the requirements of the peanut producers. The machine has demonstrated to be functional and practical, adaptable to lands of Monteagudo and around, as much so their use either on the part of producers and projects even dedicated to support the producers are using or it. In the accomplishment of the tests all the traditional methods of the context for sowing of the peanut and treatment were used to determine the particular characteristics of each, thus also with the machine as drive of oxen and horse were used, thus also promoted the producers to handle the machine. In conclusion the result is encouraging, the experimentation with machines in this field the agricultural automation in our country is not known nor developed, giving rise to the investigation and innovation.