bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF A NEW CONFIGURATION OF POWER TRI-GENERATION CYCLE BY THE USE OF A MULTI-PURPOSE GENETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: EFTEKHARİ Bardia , ALİEHYAEİ Mehdi
Published: April 2020

In the current study, a new configuration of power tri-generation cycle was suggested. In this cycle, the energy of hot gases output from the gas cycle in the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), and the waste energy of the condenser in the steam cycle were recovered in the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). After the energy, exergy, and economic modeling of the cycle, the optimization of this cycle by the use of multipurpose genetic algorithm was performed. The objective functions were the electricity cost and the second law efficiency of thermodynamics. The variables chosen for optimization were the air to fuel molar ratio, the compression, and expansion ratio of the compressor and turbine of the gas cycle, the mass flow rate of water steam and refrigerant in steam cycles and ORC, the Pinch points between the gas cycle and steam, and steam cycles and ORC, and the maximum temperatures of the steam and ORC cycles. The optimization results showed that by choosing the optimal values of variables, the efficiency of the first and second thermodynamic laws, and the produced entropy would be 67.3%, 68.9%, and 3342.5 kW/K. Also, the generated electricity cost was reduced to 0.049 US$/kWh.
AN INVESTIGATION OF EFFECT OF CONTROL JETS LOCATION AND BLOWING PRESSURE RATIO TO CONTROL BASE PRESSURE IN SUDDENLY EXPANDED FLOWS
Authors: PATHAN Khizar , DABEER Prakash , KHAN Sher
Published: April 2020

The drag force is an essential factor in any projectile, from road vehicles to rocket or aircraft. The total drag includes skin friction drag, wave drag, and base drag. The base drag is the drag due to low pressure in the base region of the projectile. In the case of suddenly expanded flows, due to the sudden expansion of flow from the nozzle into the enlarged duct, the low pressure is created in the base region of the enlarged tube, which results in base drag and hence overall thrust reduced. In this paper, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis is used to analyze the effect of secondary air blowing jets called control jets to control base pressure in the base region of suddenly enlarged duct. These control jets are placed at different Pitch Circle Diameters (PCD) on the base face of the enlarged pipe. The objective of this work is to increase the base pressure up to atmospheric pressure and hence reduces the base drag. Mach number 3.0 is considered for analysis. The CFD analysis is done for different combinations of Area Ratios (AR) (2, 5 and 8), Nozzle Pressure Ratios (NPR) (2, 5 and 8), and PCD (d1, d2, and d3).
Further analysis is done for different air blowing pressure ratios (BPR) to optimize air blowing pressure. The analysis results are plotted for different area ratios, nozzle pressure ratios, and PCD of control jets. By observing results, it can be concluded that the base pressure is strongly influenced by AR, NPR, and PCD of control jets. The air blowing pressure should be optimum to save energy, and the optimum values can be selected from the results.
Gastric trichobezoar and Rapunzel syndrome: a case report
Authors: Gupta Abhishek , Gupta Panna Lal
Published: April 2020

Giant gastric trichobezoars are unusual form of foreign body found in stomach of mostly young adolescent females which may lead to morbidity and high mortality 30%, if goes unnoticed. These females have history of trichophagia or trichotillomania. This report is of a 12- year old young adolescent female presented with epigastric pain and mass. An exploratory laparotomy with anterior gastrotomy was performed and a giant trichobezoar with a very large tail of 2.5 ft was removed, weighing 2.52 kg. She recovered well and was discharged on 7th post-operative day. Patient was advised for psychiatric follow up.
Turbinoplasty of concha bullosa: a useful adjunct in improving nasal airway
Authors: Venkataramani Nithya , Sachidananda Ravi , Vasista Srividya Rao
Published: April 2020

Background: Concha bullosa is the pneumatisation of middle turbinate which causes crowding and obstruction of the middle meatus. This is associated with contralateral septal deviation. The objective of this study is to evaluate, if a concha bullosa turbinoplasty has any added value in improving nasal symptoms when performed as adjunct with septoplasty.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of the hospital database was done and details of patients who underwent septoplasty along with concha bullosa turbinoplasty was collected and the patients were telephonically contacted to record their symptom improvement.  

Results: Details of nineteen patients who underwent concha bullosa turbinoplasty with septoplasty were studied, mean age of the patients was 31.26 years and the mean follow up period was 22 months. All patients had improvement in symptoms with most completely asymptomatic, the others had mild to moderate symptoms.

Conclusions: Concha bullosa turbinoplasty as an adjunct to septoplasty does alleviate the symptom of nasal obstruction.
Comparitive study between button-hole tympanoplasty and tympanoplasty with placement of graft lateral to handle of malleus with or without cortical mastoidectomy in mucosal type of chronic otitis media
Authors: Ahmed J. Mansoor , . Panchami
Published: April 2020

Background: Various techniques of underlay graft placement have been described in literature. In this study we compare two simple underlay techniques of temporalis fascia graft placement that is Buttonhole tympanoplasty and tympanoplasty with placement of graft lateral to handle of malleus in mucosal type of chronic otitis media patients undergoing tympanoplasty to find out which among the two is a better technique based on the audiological improvement post-operatively.

Methods: This is a case series study which included 30 patients undergoing type-1 tympanoplasty. Group A with 15 patients underwent Buttonhole tympanoplasty and Group B with 15 patients underwent tympanoplasty with placement of graft lateral to handle of malleus.  

Results: Post-operative hearing improvement was assessed after duration of three months. In Group A, 13 (87%) patients showed hearing within normal limits and 2 (13%) patients showed mild conductive hearing loss. In Group B, 9 (60%) patients showed hearing within normal limits and 6 (40%) of patients showed mild conductive hearing loss. Both the techniques were statistically significant.

Conclusions: Both the techniques mentioned are simple and effective procedures. Buttonhole tympanoplasty was considered as superior technique among the two as the handle of malleus provides better anchoring for the temporalis fascia graft, intra-operative manoeuvring of the graft is easier without causing displacement of the graft, there is no reduction in the middle ear space and post-operative hearing improvement is excellent. When the handle of malleus is eroded surgeon can perform tympanoplasty with placement of graft lateral to handle of malleus.
Causes of referred otalgia: a hospital-based study
Authors: Saraf Aditiya , Begh Raies Ahmad , Jyoti Deep , Kalsotra Parmod
Published: April 2020

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate various etiologies of referred otalgia.

Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of ENT, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu from January 2019 to January 2020. A total of 65 patients with complaint of pain in ear but normal ear examination was included in our study. All patients underwent complete ENT examination.  

Results: The most common cause for referred otalgia was dental pathology (58.4%), followed by pharyngitis (16.9%), tonsillitis (10.7%), supraglottic cancer (7.6%), cervical spine pathology (3.07%) and peritonsillar abscess (3.07%).

Conclusions: Otalgia is a symptom with diverse causes. Though many causes are otogenic, referred pain from other regions of head and neck is also very common.
Septoplasty and septoplasty with inferior turbinoplasty in the management of nasal septal deviation with inferior turbinate hypertrophy
Authors: Rajashekhar K. , Parameshwar K. , P. Goud K.
Published: April 2020

Background: Nasal obstruction is a highly prevalent problem caused by nasal septal deviation, with or without inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Nasal septoplasty and inferior turbinoplasty can improve the nasal airways. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of septoplasty alone and septoplasty with inferior turbinoplasty in cases having nasal septal deviation with inferior turbinate hypertrophy.

Methods: A total 70 cases clinically diagnosed with the deviated nasal septum and inferior turbinate hypertrophy were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 cases were under septoplasty alone and group 2 cases were under septoplasty with inferior turbinoplasty. Symptom improvement scores was assessed by sino nasal outcome test-20 (SNOT-20).  

Results: The mean reduction symptom score of nasal obstruction was 1.73 in septoplasty with inferior turbinoplasty group, while in septoplasty group it was 1.06. The mean reduction symptom score in group 2 was statistically significant. All the cases of group 2 had adequate first pass diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE). While in group 1, majority cases had inadequate first pass DNE.  

Conclusions: First pass DNE findings were favourable in the cases under septoplasty with inferior turbinoplasty Septoplasty with inferior turbinoplasty is effective in the reduction of nasal obstruction, facial pain, sleep difficulty, decrease in attentiveness and irritability in cases having deviated nasal septum with inferior turbinate hypertrophy.
Respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma presenting as a mass in nasal cavity: a case report
Authors: Suraneni Visweswara Rao , Gaddipati Vineela , Allena Anusha
Published: April 2020

This article aims to report a rare case of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) arising from nasal septum that initially presented as bilateral sino nasal polyposis. A 45 years old male presented with a complaint of bilateral nasal obstruction for the past 3 years which was progressive and was planned for functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Polypoidal tissue was found to be coming from nasal septum intraoperatively. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of REAH. This case demonstrates the rare presentation of REAH, clinically presented as sino nasal polyposis and confirmed as REAH by histopathological examination.
Prevention and therapy of COVID-19 via exogenous estrogen treatment for both male and female patients
Authors: Suba Zsuzsanna
Published: April 2020

The presented work summarizes the results of studies underlining the crucial role of estrogen receptor (ER) signaling in both innate and adaptive immune responses as well as in tissue repairing processes during respiratory virus infection. Experimental studies justify that there are no quite different pathways for immune defenses against respiratory virus infection in males and females, but rather the physiologically weaker ER signaling results in an increased morbidity and mortality among men with pulmonary virus infection. In animal experiments, estrogen treatment silences the inflammatory reactions and decreases virus titers leading to improved survival rate; it seems to be an ideal prevention and therapy against COVID-19. We should overcome the widespread reluctance to estrogen therapy as we have a unique estrogen formula; Premarin deriving from natural sources. Premarin can exert similar ER upregulative and gene repairing power like endogenous estrogen without any risk for adverse reactions. Premarin is capable of stopping the COVID-19 pandemic.
Effectiveness of Game-Based Learning – Learning in Modern Education
Authors: Wardoyo Cipto , Dwi Satrio Yogi , Ma’ruf Dudung
Published: April 2020

The experiential learning process is a relevant method used to enhance understanding of the field and the critical thinking skills of learners. Futher more, technological developments improve students ’ learning needs. In this case, learners are required to be able to learn and work dynamically by combining the concept of critical thinking and the way of life as demand for the 21st century. Therefore, dynamic learning and the ability to improve the cognitive and collaborative abilities of learners in their interactions with the environment and all changes are indispensable. This research aims to spread the educational game quiz Assistance to create fun and dynamic learning for students. In addition, developed media is expected to improve cognitive ability and critical thinking learners, especially in higher education. The development of this educational game is done in the economic field so that the material to be presented is a basic course of economics faculty. To measure the success of this game-based learning, researchers used 100 samples from three majors (development economics, management, and accounting). This method of analysis uses the method of gain-scores, where the learning outcomes of experimental Group with learning game treatment and control group learning outcomes are examined and analyzed to determine their effectiveness. Results from analyses showed that use of game- based learning is highly effective for improving learning outcomes.
Keywords: Technology, educational game, game based learning, gamification Learning.
Blended Learning for Augmented Reality to Increase Student Competitiveness the Filling Subject Toward Making Indonesia 4.0
Authors: Kusdiyanti Heny , Nurruddin Zanky Mokhammad , Prasetyo Wati Andy
Published: April 2020

Human resource development can be done by various step such as improvement of quality education especially model and learning methode. The Filling Subject is the important thing to increase the competitiveness of student at Vacational Hight School especialy Administration Department. Today teachers just have conventional methode to deliver their knowledge. Therefor student hard to understand the knowledge that delivered by teacher. Indonesia’s government have launced policy that called Making Indonesia 4.0 againts this global era. Blended Learning is one of the effective methode to deliver knowledge to students because this methode make student understand easily. Augmented Reality is one of the technology that can be collaborated with Blended Learning. This study purposed to create modul based on Augmented Reality as Blended Learning implementation in Filling Subject at Vocational Hight School Malang Regency. The study method modified from research and development models that called 4-D (define, design, develop, and disseminate). This study using quantitative dan qualitative data that collected from questionnaire. The questionnaire will be given to the material expert, the media expert and the students in Administration Departement at Vacational Hight School Malang Regency. The result of this study are: 1) product has been validate by the material expert of Filling Subject; 2) product has been validate by the media expert of Augmented Reality; 3) product has been implemented with Blended Learning Model to the Administration Departement Student in the Vacational Hight School Malang Recency and succeed to increase their competence in the Filling Subject. The implementation of Blended Learning for Augmented Reality suggested to be implemented in the other learning subject because it is very effective to increase the student competitiveness and make learning that done by teacher more easily.
Keywords: Augmented Reality, Blended Learning, Filling Subject, Module, Vacational Hight School.
Does Financial Technology Affect Income Inequality in Indonesia?
Authors: Dian Saraswati Birgitta , Maski Ghozali , Kalug David , Kresna Sakti Rachmad
Published: April 2020

Economic growth is insufficient to be a sole indicator of the population’s welfare. Specifically, high economic growth does not necessarily imply that the population is generally prosperous. Equal income distribution is crucial to achieving sustainable economic growth. Since 2000, the Gini index as a measure of income inequality in Indonesia showed an increasing trend. On the other side, financial technology 3.0 started to develop. This paper seeks to investigate the impact of fintech 3.0 development on income inequality in Indonesia and to identify the determining factors of income inequality in Indonesia. By using the partial adjustment model (PAM) with the observation period of 1990-2017, the study empirically shows that fintech 3.0 development that started in 2000 had a significant impact on income inequality in Indonesia. Besides, the investment variable also positively affect income inequality in Indonesia. Thus, the findings indicate that the Indonesian population did not equally utilize fintech development.
Keywords: income inequality, financial technology, Indonesia, partial adjustment model
How We Predict the Stability of Financial Sector: The Conditional Value at Risk Technique Approach
Authors: Kaluge David
Published: April 2020

This study aims to identify the level of systemic risk of each bank and the financial linkages between banks in Indonesia. In this study, researcher uses 41 banks that have been actively traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2018. The data of stock capitalization of banks are used as prices in a portfolio of banking system. The method used in this study is the CVaR (Conditional Value at Risk) method which was introduced by Adrian and Brunerrmeir in 2008. The equilibrium of the system is assumed reached at optimum portfolio of the system. At this situation each bank contribution to systemic risk is analyzed, as well as its impact onto it when there is a change in capitalization of a certain bank. The result shows the impact of bank onto systemic risk is not always follow its size in contribution the systemic risk. Due to covariance’s among banks are some positive and others are negative, some banks have negative contribution to systemic risk while others’ are positive. There are 4 banks that have different behavior. These banks have negative contribution to the systemic risk. These banks are BMRI, PNBN, PNBS and NAGA. The negative impact to systemic risk is dominated by BMRI as much as -0.17%, and by PNBN as much as -0.04%. There are 2 major banks that have contribution to systemic risk; BBCA (3,01% or Rp 59,1 trillion) and BBRI (0,54% Rp 10,62 trillion). However their impact on systemic risk are different. The parameters of impact on systemic for BBCA and BBRI are 14,99% and 52,94% respectively. Thus the stability of the system is more sensitive to the volatility of Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BBRI) than of Bank Central Asia (BBCA).
Keywords: Systemic Risk, Financial Linkage, Value at Risk, Conditional Value at Risk, covariance banking
Existence Institutional Economics Coastal Communities, Local Wisdom in E New Paradigm
Authors: Yunika Puspasari Emma
Published: April 2020

The institutional economics perspective, the local wisdom paradigm, the qualitative-interpretative paradigm, is used to conceptually reconstruct the existence of institutional economics and local wisdom of the coastal community of Muncar Banyuwangi village. The life of the coastal community of Muncar has redefined the existence of the coastal economy in an evolutionary manner. This coastal community has a different typology from spaces whose cultural wisdom identities become local identities. The community group has a different economic culture that is influenced by institutions and norms, power structures, community tacit knowledge of the coastal and marine environment,. Coastal community stereotypes emerge in regulating and managing the area and the community uses a lot of power structure in the management of harmony with nature (the sea). Forms of management that are formed through local economic institutions, among others, appear in the division of tasks, collateral cooperation (horizontal) with dependence on others (mutual cooperation) and strengthening the norms and social values that apply in this society. This new local paradigm gave birth to the transcendental behavior of the people inherent in the economic activities of catching and processing sea fish. The coastal area which is a fish production center is dominated by traditional capture fish processing with a natural management system.
Keywords: Institutional Economics, Local wisdom paradigm, Coastal communities
Information Hoax in Political Years 2019: Learning and Challenges
Authors: . Tukina , Sanjaya Marta
Published: April 2020

The development of Internet-based technology has resulted in a change of society to a new phase. These changes resulted in social and community life (‘online society’) in the millennial era. The change was followed by the development of information in which there was a lie (Hoax). The development of such information appears rapidly, especially in political years In Indonesia 2019. This research related Hoax information on challenges in political years were carried out using descriptive qualitative methodology. Research steps; observation, reviewing literature and media. Study of literature and media is carried out in-depth. In qualitative research the role of researchers is crucial and the search for data will be considered enough if it can answer the research objectives. Information containing lies that spread to the public becomes a serious challenge. Hoax information appears, making people lives uncomfortable and restless. Developing feelings of contempt, slandering, demeaning, breaking the rules, order and peace. Lying information is made less concerned having impact and cannot be justified. Solution to Hoax Information Problems; the need for good Ethics and Self Integrity, Need Honesty, verification and Validation of Information, there needs to Editorial Board (Gate Keeper), aware of the impact on the information content, Information needs to be Balanced and not repetitive and tendentious.
Keywords: information technology, internet, change, millennial, information hoax
Prevalencia de bajo peso al nacer y factores maternos asociados: Unidad de atención y Protección Materno Infantil de la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Vélez-Gómez María del PIlar , Barros Fernando C. , Echavarría-Restrepo Luis Guillermo , Hormaza-Angel María Patricia
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: estudiar la prevalencia de bajo peso al nacer (BPN), parto pretérmino (PPT) y restricción de crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU), los factores maternos asociados y su fracción etiológica en la Unidad de Atención y Protección Materno Infantil de la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana.Metodología: estudio transversal que analizó 2.672 pares madre - hijo registrados en el Sistema Informático Perinatal. La muestra representó 45% de los partos atendidos en la Unidad Materno Infantil de la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana durante el 5 de mayo de 2003 y el 30 de marzo de 2006.Resultados: la prevalencia encontrada fue de 17% para BPN, 21% para PPT y 12% para RCIU. El control prenatal inadecuado, el hábito de fumar y la presencia de alguna patología materna durante la gestación presentaron asociación con BPN.Conclusión: La identificación de factores maternos asociados con el BPN servirá para implantar políticas de promoción y prevención específicas para la población en riesgo. Futuros estudios de base poblacional que permitan extrapolar estos resultados deben ser realizados en Colombia.
Sensing System and Methods for Measuring Oscillations in the Resonator of a Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope
Authors: Trutnev G.A. , Perevozchikov K.K. , Nazarov S.B.
Published: April 2020

The paper considers a hemispherical resonator gyroscope and methods for combining eight capacitive displacement sensors into a measuring instrument. We propose a circuit diagram for a measuring instrument based on operational amplifiers. The diagram makes it possible to implement oscillation measurement for direct and alternating resonator voltages as well as a combined scenario. We derived a mathematical model simulating the output signal of the measuring instrument. We analysed the sensitivity of our system for different implementations of the measuring instrument. For the case when the modulating signal frequency and resonator oscillation frequency are multiples of each other, we derived expressions to find the angular wave position and offset signals for the control system. We used the linear term of the signal model to derive these equations, provided estimations of the errors occurring and guidelines on reducing them. We also investigated the case when the frequencies of the modulating and modulated signals are not multiples. We consider a general approach to evaluating wave pattern parameters, taking the emerging errors into account
Validation of Solutions for Dynamic Analysis of Pipeline Systems by Comparing the Results of Calculations Obtained in the Russian CAE system APM StructFEM and in ANSYS as Applied to Seismic Resistance Problems
Authors: Shelofast V.V. , Shelofast V.V. , Zamriy A.A.
Published: April 2020

Modeling pipelines using special tubular finite elements is a convenient tool for the analysis of pipeline systems. Such a formulation significantly reduces the dimension of the problem being solved and significantly accelerates the time required to perform calculation procedures. These advantages can be explained by a modeling feature that involves the use of a pipe model in the form of a rod having an annular cross section. This paper presents solutions to the problem of dynamic analysis of pipeline systems, including analysis of the pipeline response to seismic effects. The work was performed to assess the reliability of the dynamic solutions obtained using the Russian CAE system APM StructFEM.
The Influence of Technological Parameters of the Plasma Spraying Process on the Macrostructure of Titanium Coatings
Authors: Babin S.V. , Egorov E.N. , Fursov A.A.
Published: April 2020

Capillary-porous surfaces are used in endoprosthetics as well as in catalytic converters and heat exchangers to increase the strength of adhesive bonding. Plasma spraying is one of the methods to obtain rough coatings for capillary-porous surfaces. Determining the relationships between the parameters of macrostructure of capillary-porous surfaces and the technological factors of the plasma spraying process enables one to control the surface characteristics. It is an important and fundamental element in the formation of the required properties of the surface. However, studies on the influence of technological parameters of plasma spraying on the construction and macrostructure of plasma-sprayed titanium surfaces are insufficient in scientific literature. This paper presents a study on the influence of roughness, curvature and the material of the supporting plate surface, as well as distance and angle of spraying on the structure of a VT1-0 titanium capillary porous coating applied to a VT6 titanium alloy supporting plate. A regression analysis of the experiment results is performed. It is shown that all the parameters have a significant influence on the surface structure. The experimentally obtained relationships make it possible to produce surfaces with required macrostructure parameters. They help to evaluate the possibility of obtaining titanium surfaces of this kind and thoroughly select parameters of the plasma spraying process in order to obtain surfaces with the required properties.
Improving the Fuel Supply Process in Locomotive Diesel Engines
Authors: Markov V.A. , Furman V.V. , Plakhov S.V.
Published: April 2020

A topical problem of improving the fuel supply process in locomotive diesel engines in considered in this article. An ESUVT.01 type electronic control system developed by OOO PPP Dizelavtomatika (Saratov) for a D50 (6 ChN 31.8/33) locomotive diesel engine manufactured by Penzadizelmash is presented. It is shown that fuel efficiency and exhaust gas toxicity indicators can be significantly improved by optimizing the initial fuel supply phase, that is the injection advance angle. Experimental studies are conducted to assess the influence of this angle on the locomotive engine characteristics. Bench tests were carried out on a 1-PDG4D diesel generator consisting of the above-mentioned diesel engine and a traction generator MPT-84/39. As the result of the tests, dependencies of the diesel characteristics on the injection advance angle are obtained, and the need to optimize the injection advance angle according to the diesel operation mode is confirmed. Optimized values of the injection advance angle in the diesel characteristics modes are obtained. Fuel efficiency and exhaust gas toxicity indicators are determined at the optimized injection advance angle.
Gravitational towing of asteroids by spacecrafts with a solar sail as a propulsion system
Authors: Poluektov R.M. , Skrob M.V.
Published: April 2020

The paper considers the possibility of changing the orbit of potentially dangerous aste-roids using a gravity tractor. The concept of using spacecrafts equipped with a solar sail for gravitational towing is described. The analysis of this type spacecraft effectiveness is carried out on the example of changing the orbit of the Apophis asteroid. Software and mathematical support for modeling the joint motion of the asteroid-spacecraft system has been developed. The model was used to assess the impact of spacecraft with design features on the asteroid’s orbit over a long period of time. Several variants of the spacecraft configuration with different weight and sail design are considered. A comparative analysis of the results of using solar sail vehicles with similar vehicles using low-thrust jet engines is carried out.
Napoleon – wojenne refleksje ze Świętej Heleny według relacji Emmanuela hrabiego de Las Cases
Authors: Szadkowski Kamil
Published: April 2020

Celem artykułu jest przyjrzenie się ostatniemu etapowi życia Napoleona – pobytowi, wygnaniu na Wyspie Świętej Heleny. Szczególnie istotne są zapiski dotyczące prowadzonych przez Napoleona wojen i ich ocena z perspektywy czasu, a także miejsca i pozycji, w jakich się znalazł. W wyjątkowy sposób chciałem przyjrzeć się Memoriałowi ze Świętej Heleny Emmanuela hrabiego de Las Cases, który różni się od innych pamiętników napisanych przez tzw. ewangelistów ze Świętej Heleny, łączy bowiem charakter pamiętnika z dziennikiem. Był on też ogromnym sukcesem wydawniczym w dziewiętnastowiecznej Europie. Czytając go, mamy wrażenie, że przemawia sam Napoleon, a przez to zastanawiamy się jakby bezpośrednio nad refleksjami pokonanego i upokorzonego monarchy wygnanego na środek Oceanu Atlantyckiego przez rząd brytyjski, który jednak próbuje przekazać swoje przesłanie na kontynent europejski, kreując swój obraz. W zestawieniu z licznymi źródłami rysuje się niezwykle interesujący obraz postrzegania wojny – jej celów, skutków i przyczyn przez jedną z najwybitniejszych postaci w dziejach świata, jaką niewątpliwie był Napoleon.
Zachodnia Dywizja Strzelecka Armii Czerwonej. Przyczynek do dziejów polskojęzycznych formacji Robotniczo-Chłopskiej Armii Czerwonej w latach 1917–1919
Authors: Smoliński Aleksander
Published: April 2020

W studium autor zajął się kwestią okoliczności społecznych i politycznych, a także metodami formowania przez polskojęzycznych i polskich komunistów przebywających w sowieckiej Rosji polskojęzycznych formacji Armii Czerwonej, mianowicie Zachodniej Dywizji Strzeleckiej. Interesowały go również rzeczywiste motywy, przede wszystkim polityczne, które kierowały władzami bolszewickiej Rosji, gdy godziły się one na formowanie na podległym im terytorium polskojęzycznych formacji wojskowych. Jednocześnie ustalił on, jakie były realne efekty podejmowanych wówczas działań organizacyjnych oraz przyczyny rezygnacji przez Sowiety latem 1919 r. z dalszego istnienia Zachodniej Dywizji Strzeleckiej.
Foreword: The Paradigm Shift - The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Black Women and Families: Speaking Truth to Power
Authors: Wyatt Gail E. , Davis Cynthia
Published: April 2020

Ethn Dis. 2020;30(2):241-246; doi:10.18865/ed.30.2.241
Commentary: Valuing the Vulnerable – The Important Role of Transgender Communities in Biomedical Research
Authors: Cargill Victoria A.
Published: April 2020

Every cell has a genetic sex that is deter­mined at the time of fertilization. However, the natal sex of cells may not match the hormonal environment in which they reside in transgender individuals. This discordance provides a unique opportunity to study the short- and long-term effects across a range of cellular functions, health conditions, physi­ologic processes and psychosocial outcomes to the benefit of transgender and cisgender communities. While there is a growing body of knowledge as the literature on sex differences in virtually every organ system accumulates, there remains a paucity of data on the effect of cross hormonal therapy on cellular function in transgender individuals. Beyond cellular function, the effect of cross hormonal therapy on neuroanatomy, the interpretation of neuropsychological assess­ments or even the effect of daily stressors of stigma and discrimination on long-term neurocognitive function remain unclear.In 2011 the Institute of Medicine indicated that transgender adults were an understud­ied population and in critical need of more biomedical and population health research, yet the experience of stigma, discrimination, microaggressions, limited access to culturally competent care continue to make this an un­fulfilled mandate. In addition to using a life course perspective, it is essential to identify research gaps and formulate a responsive research agenda while maintaining scientific rigor and respectful involvement of the popu­lation under study. None of this, however, will enhance the participation of transgender communities in biomedical research until the transgender and biomedical research com­munities can engage in open, respectful and bidirectional dialogue.From respectful, sensitive and appropriate health care to culturally competent research engagement from study inception to data dissemination, transgender communities can make an important and valuable contribu­tion to biomedical research. Inclusion of their voices at all levels, including investigators from transgender communities, are essential to advance this much overdue scientific agenda. Transgender, cisgender and the biomedical research communities will all benefit from a more inclusive and expansive research agenda.Ethn Dis. 2020;30(2):247- 250; doi:10.18865/ed.30.2.247
Racial Disparities in Stroke Recovery Persistence in the Post-Acute Stroke Recovery Phase: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Buie Joy N. J. , Zhao Yujing , Burns Suzanne , Magwood Gayenell , Adams Robert , Sims-Robinson Catrina , Lackland Daniel T.
Published: April 2020

Background and Purpose: Blacks have a higher burden of post-stroke disability. Factors associated with racial differences in long-term post-stroke disability are not well-understood. Our aim was to assess the long-term racial differences in risk factors associated with stroke recovery.Methods: We examined Health and Retire­ment Study (HRS) longitudinal interview data collected from adults living with stroke who were aged >50 years during 2000- 2014. Analysis of 1,002 first-time, non- Hispanic, Black (210) or White (792) stroke survivors with data on activities of daily liv­ing (ADL), fine motor skills (FMS) and gross motor skills (GMS) was conducted. Ordinal regression analysis was used to assess the impact of sex, race, household residents, household income, comorbidities, and the time since having a stroke on functional outcomes.Results: Black stroke survivors were young­er compared with Whites (69 ± 10.4 vs 75 ± 11.9). The majority (~65%) of Black stroke survivors were female compared with about 54% White female stroke survivors (P=.007). Black stroke survivors had more household residents (P<.001) and comor­bidities (P<.001). Aging, being female, being Black and a longer time since stroke were associated with a higher odds of hav­ing increased difficulty in ADL, FMS and/or GMS. Comorbidities were associated with increased difficulty with GMS. Black race increased the impact of comorbidities on ADL and FMS in comparison with Whites.Conclusion: Our data suggest that the effects of aging, sex and unique factors associated with race should be taken into consideration for future studies of post-stroke recovery and therapy.Ethn Dis. 2020;30(2):339-348; doi:10.18865/ ed.30.2.339
Modelos e etapas para a gestão da informação: uma revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Dutra Frederico Giffoni de Carvalho , Rodrigues Barbosa Ricardo
Published: April 2020

O artigo relata os resultados de uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre modelos e etapas utilizados para a gestão da informação. Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica em três idiomas (português, espanhol e inglês) para se analisar a produção científica sobre conceitos relativos a fontes de informação, gestão da informação, bem como os critérios e modelos utilizados para sua gestão. Após pesquisa em artigos e demais publicações no período de 1972 a 2019, os resultados apontam a existência de 44 modelos. Foram também identificados os critérios mais frequentemente citados. Constatou-se a existência de 38 termos distintos, destacando-se os seguintes: Coleta/Aquisição/Acesso/Obtenção, Distribuição/Disseminação/Difusão, Uso/Utilização, Armazenamento/Registro, Identificação das necessidades/requisitos/exigências, Organização, Interpretação/Análise, Tratamento/Sistematização, Descarte, Recuperação.
Interfaces disciplinares selecionadas da gestão do conhecimento: características, contribuições e reflexões
Authors: Alvares Lillian Maria Araujo de Rezende , Aragão Jainne , Machado Ângelo José Penna , Soares Cleids Maria Lisbôa Cardoso , Silva Tácito Furtado , Greenhalgh Mariana Giubertti Guedes , Vianna Eduardo Wallier
Published: April 2020

Analisa a contribuição de disciplinas estruturantes da gestão do conhecimento a partir da abordagem dos quatro paradigmas de Sagsan. Nesta perspectiva, a amplitude interdisciplinar da gestão do conhecimento é revelada, dando a possibilidade de conhecer seus fundamentos teóricos. Optou-se por analisar as ciências cognitivas, representando o paradigma humanista; a estatística, representando o paradigma sociotécnico; a administração e economia, representando o paradigma organizacional e a segurança da informação digital, representando o paradigma tecnológico. A metodologia utilizada foi revisão de literatura no período de 2008 a 2018 sobre as interfaces disciplinares da gestão do conhecimento em documentos recuperados na base de dados Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE), um dos maiores mecanismos de busca de informação científica do mundo, com mais de 140 milhões de documentos indexados de mais de 6.000 fontes, sendo cerca de 60% em acesso aberto. Os resultados apontam que o futuro da gestão do conhecimento dependerá ainda mais dos avanços obtidos nas disciplinas em estudo.
Gestão da informação e tecnologias: diretrizes para projetos da interface de museus virtuais no âmbito da autenticidade
Authors: Dutra Larissa Fernandes , Barbosa Cátia Rodrigues , Faria Diomira Maria Cicci Pinto
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é contribuir na criação de diretrizes para projetos da interface de museus virtuais no que tange à sua autenticidade. Por meio do método dedutivo, ao trabalharmos com a teoria sobre o autêntico, analisou-se um modelo de site de museus virtuais para criar indicadores de avaliação de autenticidade dentro desses. Após as análises teórica e prática elaborou-se um questionário piloto visando validar os indicadores criados e, caso necessário, a elaboração de outros novos mediante a resposta do público. Em seguida, foi definida a amostra da pesquisa, aplicados os questionários finais, analisado os resultados obtidos e, então, criadas as diretrizes para a interface dos museus virtuais. Identifica-se que a autenticidade é um conceito dinâmico que diz respeito tanto a questões verificáveis através da matéria de um objeto digital, quanto a questões não materiais que emergem da relação entre o homem e esse objeto. A amostra pesquisada acredita que os museus virtuais são autênticos principalmente pelo seu valor informativo.
Patentes em células-tronco: suas principais características e análise de citação
Authors: Bochi Fernanda , Moura Ana Maria Mielniczuk
Published: April 2020

Estudo patentométrico e análise de citação dos documentos de patentes em células-tronco indexados na base de dados Derwent Innovation Index. A partir da Lei do Elitismo, fizeram parte deste estudo as 181 patentes mais citadas na temática estudada. Após a coleta dos dados, realizou-se a extração das informações que atendessem aos objetivos específicos, tais como os campos número prioritário, classificação internacional de patentes, citação a não patentes e citação a patentes. 80% das patentes são de empresas com sede nos Estados Unidos da América; 6,7%, no Japão; 3,6%, na Inglaterra; aproximadamente 2%, entre França e Suíça; 1,2%, na Dinamarca e Irlanda e as demais empresas (3,3%) estão distribuídas entre Holanda, Áustria, Alemanha, China e Canadá. As patentes foram classificadas em cinco seções da Classificação Internacional de Patentes, sendo a área de Necessidades Humanas a que mais se destacou, com 52,51%. As 181 patentes fizeram ao todo 6970 citações a outras patentes, destas, 84 foram mais citadas. As patentes que receberam o maior número de citações foram US5486359-A e US6200806-B1, ambas depositadas no escritório norte-americano. Das 181 patentes, 141 fizeram citação a documentos não patentes. Observou-se que os documentos não patentes mais citados foram as revistas científicas (1426 revistas diferentes citadas), totalizando 7701 artigos citados (±5,5 artigos/revista). Os documentos de patentes contêm muitas informações importantes para a compreensão do desenvolvimento da ciência e da tecnologia. Conclui-se que as patentes são fontes que é importante analisar e que estudos mais detalhados sobre citação e os motivos para citar em patentes devem ser realizados.
Engenharia de Documentos e suas relações com a Arquivologia e a Ciência da Informação
Authors: Watanabe Eduardo , Sousa Renato Tarciso Barbosa de
Published: April 2020

A Engenharia de Documentos é uma disciplina da Ciência da Computação que investiga os documentos em meio eletrônico. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em comparar e articular os diferentes enfoques da Engenharia de Documentos, Arquivologia, Diplomática Digital e Ciência da Informação sobre documentos e informações. A metodologia utilizada é a pesquisa documental da literatura que inclui a Diplomática Digital, a Tipologia Documental e as funções arquivísticas de Criação e Descrição. Como resultado foi identificado a proximidade entre os conceitos sobre documentos utilizados pelas diferentes áreas de conhecimento e a concepção do documento a partir de processos de negócio ou conjuntos documentais. As principais diferenças residiram na falta de equivalência dos conceitos de espécie e tipos documentais utilizados pela Arquivologia; na lacuna do tratamento de questões de autenticidade de documentos nato-digitais objeto da Diplomática Digital.
Permian lithostratigraphic units, Malmédy Graben (Belgium)
Authors: BULTYNCK Pierre , GEUKENS Fernand , SMOLDEREN Annik
Published: April 2020

The Malmédy Formation, subdivided into three members and consisting essentially of reddish continental conglomerate deposits, is exposed in a 2.5 km to 0.5 km wide and about 22 km long graben structure across the Stavelot Massif, in the eastern part of the Ardennes. It is most likely of Permian age.
ACİL OBSTETRİK SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİNİN DAHA ETKİN VERİLMESİNDE SİMÜLASYONA DAYALI EĞİTİMİN ROLÜ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Yasemin , ÖZERDOĞAN Nebahat
Published: April 2020

Günümüzde teknolojide yaşanan gelişmelerin öncülüğünde sağlık personellerinin alanlarında daha etkin olabilmesi için yeni öğrenme metotları geliştirilmektedir. Bu metotlardan biri de simülasyon uygulamasıdır. Simülasyon uygulaması, kişinin deneyim kazanmasını sağlayarak karşılaşacağı olası bir durumda profesyonel bir şekilde vakaya müdahale etmesini sağlayan bir uygulamadır. Acil obstetrik sağlık hizmeti; doğum ve postpartum dönemde meydana gelen, anne ve bebek hayatını tehdit eden, acil müdahale gerektiren durumlarda verilen hizmetlerdir. Bu hizmetlerin hızlı ve nitelikli müdahale ile anne ve bebek sağlığını koruyarak verilebilmesi için simülasyonun obstetride yaygın kullanılması önemli bir unsurdur. Simülasyon eğitimi, multidisipliner bir yaklaşımla obstetrik acil vakalara etkili müdahale becerisini artırarak bu konudaki bilgi düzeyini geliştirir. Gerçek vakaları riske atmadan güvenli bir ortamda bireysel becerileri, bilgi ve tutum ile bütünleştirerek uygulamaları öğrenme ve tekrar etme olanağı sağlar. Böylece, klinik karar verme, öz-yeterlilik, kliniksel iletişim becerileri ile kendine güven düzeyinde iyileşmeye ve anksiyete düzeyinde ise azalmaya olanak sağlanır. Ayrıca, simülasyon eğitimi ile obstetrik bir komplikasyonda olayın etyopatogenezi ve yönetimde kullanılan tekniklerin etkinliği de araştırılır. Günümüzde simülasyon eğitimi; servikal dilatasyonun değerlendirilmesi, amniosentez, doğum, makat doğum ve omuz distosisinin yönetimi, umbilikal kord prolapsusu, sezaryen, eklampsi, postpartum kanama, maternal kardiyak arrest gibi acil obstetrik durumların yönetiminde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı ilgili literatür incelenerek, acil obstetrik sağlık hizmetlerinin daha etkin verilmesinde simülasyona dayalı eğitimin rolünü ortaya koymaktır.
Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozuklukta Bilişsel Hataların Psikiyatrik Belirtilerle İlişkisi
Authors: ÖRÜM Mehmet Hamdi
Published: April 2020

AMAÇ: Obsesif-kompulsif bozukluk (OKB), tekrarlayan girici düşünceler ve dürtüler ile bunlara bağlı sıkıntıyı azaltmaya yönelik açık veya gizli davranışlarla karakterize nöropsikiyatrik bir bozukluktur. Çalışmalar, OKB belirtilerini spesifik bilişlerle ilişkilendirmiştir, ancak kişilerarası ilişkiler ve kişisel başarılarla ilişkili bilişsel hatalar ile OKB belirtileri arasındaki ilişki yeteri kadar araştırılmamıştır.

GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: OKB ve kontrol grubunun sosyodemografik özellikleri bir psikiyatrist tarafından belirlendi. Bu çalışmada bozukluk belirtileri Maudsley Obsesif Kompulsif Soru Listesi (MOKSL), Belirti Tarama Testi-90-Revize Edilmiş Hali (SCL-90-R) ile değerlendirildi. İşlevsellik, global değerlendirme ölçeği (GAS) ve klinik global izlenim ölçeği (KGİÖ) ile değerlendirildi. Düşünce Özellikleri Ölçeği (DÖÖ) bilişsel hataları değerlendirmek için kullanıldı.

BULGULAR: Hem hasta hem kontrol grubu 41 olgudan oluşuyordu. Yaş ve eğitim süreleri her iki grupta benzerdi (p>0.05). Hastalık başlangıç yaşı ortalama 23.12±4.62 yıldı. MOKSL, SCL-90-R, DÖÖ, KGİÖ ve GAS puanları hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre belirgin olarak yüksekti. MOKSL ile SCL-90-R alt ölçekleri arasında anlamlı pozitif korelasyonlar bulunurken, MOKSL ile CDS alt ölçekleri arasında korelasyon tespit edilmedi.

SONUÇ: Bu çalışma OKB’ye ek psikiyatrik belirtilerin eşlik ettiğini, bu belirtilerin OKB belirtileri ile ilişkili olduğunu, OKB’de bilişsel hata düzeyinin yüksek olduğunu göstermesi bakımından önemlidir. OKB belirti türlerinin bilişsel hata türleri ile ilişkisinin ortaya konulması için ilerleyen çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.