bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Machining Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites Using Desirability Analysis
Authors: Preetham R.R. Jai , Morris Joel , Rajasekaran Kaushik
Published: February 2014

This paper presents the detailed discussions on fabrication of Aluminium - silicon carbide (10% by weight of particles) and boron carbide (5% by weight of particles) Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites (Al/SiC/B4C MMC) using stir casting method. SiC and a B4C particle range from 30μm to 50 μm. The cylindrical rods of diameter 60 mm and length 250 mm are fabricated and subsequently machined using medium duty lathe of 2 kW spindle power to study the machinability issues of Hybrid MMC using Poly Crystalline Diamond (PCD) insert of 1600 grade. The optimum machining parameters have been identified by a composite desirability value obtained from desirability function analysis as the performance index, and significant contribution of parameters can then be determined by analysis of variance. Confirmation test is also conducted to validate the test result. Experimental results have shown that machining performance can be improved effectively through this approach. Results show at higher cutting speeds, good surface finish is obtained with faster tool wear. It is concluded that, tool wear and cutting force are directly proportional to the cutting speed, where as surface roughness is inversely proportional to the cutting speed. Percentage of error obtained between experimental value and predicted value is within the limit.
Rheological Property of the Regenerable Polyhydroxy Alcohol Fracturing Fluid System
Authors: Li Xiao Rui , Xue Xiao Jia , Fan Hua Bo , Lai Xiao Juan , Wang Lei
Published: February 2014

According to the characteristic of polyhydroxy alcohol fracturing fluid system, the regeneration of the system was investigated for the first time. A stable organic boron crosslinking poly (vinyl alcohol) regenerable polyhydroxy alcohol fracturing fluid system was prepared, and the rheological property of the polyhydroxy alcohol fracturing fluid system with different regenerable times was also researched. The effect of regenerable times on the rheological property of the system was studied. The results indicated that the aims of gel breaking and regeneration can be achieved by regulating its pH value and controlling its crosslinking degree. With the increment of the regenerable time, both the temperature resistance and shearing resistance performances were decreased, and the viscoelasticity of the gel was also reduced.
Friction Stir Welding of Mg and Al Alloys
Authors: Kupec Tomáš , Hlaváčová Ivana , Turňa Milan
Published: February 2014

The work deals with welding of aluminium alloy typeAlMg4,5Mn and magnesium alloy type AZ 31 in solid state by FSW (Friction Stir Welding) process. Experiments were performed in cooperation with VÚZ PI SR (Welding Research Institute Industrial Institute of Slovak Republic) Bratislava, which has available a new installed equipment type FSW LM 060 manufactured in China. Welding parameters and conditions were proposed and approved. Quality of fabricated joints was assessed by optical microscopy, micro hardness measurement and radiographic test - RT. It was supposed that optimisation of welding parameters would allow to fabricate the joints of acceptable quality that might compete to technologies of fusion welding, including welding with concentrated power sources.
A New Method for the Preparation of the Copper Bonding on Alumina Substrate
Authors: Lin Hao Tung , Liu Chien Cheng , Liu Kuang I
Published: February 2014

A novel method to prepare the copper bonding on alumina substrate was presented. The cuprous Cu2O on the surface of Cu foil was prepared by covering cupric oxide (CuO) powder on Cu foil and treating at 600°C in N2 atmosphere. Then eutectic process was executed at 1075°C in N2 atmosphere to bond the Cu and alumina substrate. The cuprous grew on copper foil and bonding between Cu foil-alumina substrate were identified by XRD spectrum and SEM micrographs.
Interface Microstructure in Laser Welding-Brazing of AZ31B/TC4 Dissimilar Alloys
Authors: Hu Xin Bin , Mei Zhang Qiang , Li Li Qun , Zhou Xiao Ping , Dong Shi Jie
Published: February 2014

The interface microstructure in the joints of magnesium alloy AZ31 to Ti alloy by the laser welding-brazing (LWB) process have been investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the interface between the solder reaction and TC4 formed net and holes, there was a 1~2 μm intermetallic compound layer. Al-Mg-Zn compounds generated and distributed in the solder reaction zone.
Study on the Bionic Preparation and Properties of TiO2 as Three-Dimensional Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Tang Yi Ping , Hong Liang , Jin Yuan Chao , Zhang Huan Le , Zheng Guo Qu
Published: February 2014

In this paper, a novel bionic preparation of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries was reported. Butterfly wings were used as a template to prepare three-dimensional (3D) TiO2 anode materials. The final product of TiO2 anode materials maintained the 3D structure of butterfly wings perfectly. The morphology and crystal structure were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The electrochemical performance was evaluated by galvanostatic chargedischarge tests. The results showed that the novel 3D porous structure is benefit to the high electrochemical performance
Effect of Treatment Process on Hardness of Al7Si-Mg-Zn Matrix Composite Reinforced with Silicon Carbide Particulate
Authors: Rahmalina Dwi , Sofyan Bondan Tiara , Askarningsih Nararia , Rizkyardiani Sigma
Published: February 2014

Aluminium matrix composite with silicon carbide reinforcement has been developed to increase the hardness of the composite. The determining factors in the development of this material are alloy element content, rolling process and heat treatment. In this research, Al-7Si alloy with Zn and Mg element content variation was made as the matrix to strengthen the aluminium. The reinforcement is silicon carbide (SiC) in the form of particle with volume fraction of 520%. Rolling process and heat treatment were conducted to further increase the hardness. Material characterisation is conducted with chemical composition testing, microstructure observation, and hardness testing. Research showed that after rolling process with 10% reduction, the hardness of composite is increased. The improvement of hardness on precipitation heat treated composite after rolling process tend to decline compare to non-rolled composite.
Preparation of Polymers Electrolyte Membranes for Lithium Battery from Styrofoam Waste
Authors: Arcana I. Made , Bundjali Bunbun , Hariyawati Ni Ketut
Published: February 2014

Recently, the battery industry has represented one important and growing sector where the use of non-toxic and non-hazardous substitute materials has not rapidly developed. The environmentally friendly polymer electrolyte is required to decrease the risk of environmental pollution caused by toxic materials of battery components. Therefore, in this study was focused on the preparation of the environmentally friendly polymer electrolyte membrane with low cost for lithium-ion battery applications. The preparation of polymer electrolyte membrane was done by casting of polymer solution. The main materials used to prepare polymer electrolyte membranes are sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) obtained from isolation of Styrofoam, hydrolyzed bacterial poly(R-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), and lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) as an ionic salt. The isolated polystyrene was reacted with acetyl sulfate to form sulfonated polystyrene (SPS). These three main materials were dissolved in an appropriate solvent and mixture until homogenous. The polymer solution was poured into a petri dish, and then their solvent was evaporated. The results showed that the increase LiClO4 content in the membranes, the conductivity of membrane increases, but their mechanical strength decreases and the surface morphology of membranes becomes less uniform and homogenous.
Mo/γ-Al2O3-MgO as a Bifunctional Catalyst for Renewable Hydrogen Production from Steam Reforming of Glycerol
Authors: Ramli Anita , Farooq Muhammad , Mohamad Mas Fatiha
Published: February 2014

In this paper the catalytic steam reforming of glycerol to H2 has been evaluated in the presence of Mo/γ-Al2O3 and Mo/γ-Al2O3-MgO in a fixed-bed microreactor at 700 oC. Physiochemical properties of the Mo catalysts were explored by various analytical techniques such as N2 adsorption–desorption (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectrum (XRF), Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Mo/γ-Al2O3-MgO catalysts show promising results with higher H2 concentration produced as compared to Mo/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. The Mo was found to be uniformly distributed on the surface of γ-Al2O3-MgO support and addition of MgO contents into γ-Al2O3 improves the dispersion of Mo on the surface of the support.
Effect of Syntesis and Frequency on Electrical Properties on Dielectric Ceramics MgCO3-TiO2
Authors: Petrovic Vera V. , Milosevic Hranislav
Published: February 2014

Magnesium titanate based dielectric materials are used for producing type-I capacitors. A common way of obtaining this material is a solid-state reaction. The process of sintering can be enhanced if mechanical activation preceedes. In this work starting powders of magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) with a rutile crystal modification were weighed to attain a 1:1 molar MgCO3:TiO2. Mechanical activation of the starting mixture was performed by high energy ball milling using ZrO balls and vessels with ball to powder mass ratio 40:1. The observed grinding times were 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. The isothermal sintering of compacted powders was conducted at 1100°C during 30, 60 and 180 minutes. For specimens synthesized in such a manner, microwave dielectric properties were measured, quality factor Q and the dielectric constant (εr) in function of frequency. The measurements of electrical resistivity, capacitance and loss tangent of samples were measured in the frequency range from 500 Hz to 5 MHz frequencies with a HIOKI 3532-50 LCR HiTESTER device at a constant voltage mode (amplitude 0.5 V of sinusoidal signal applied to the specimens).
Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Photonanocatalyst Aided Alkaline Pretreated Corn Stover Biomass
Authors: Wang Chao , Yoo Chang Geun , Yu Chen Xu , Kim Tae Hyun
Published: February 2014

The most expensive and principal step in the process of converting cellulosic biomass into biorenewables and biofuel is the pretreatment during which lignin and cellulose crystalline structure is broken down. In this study, TiO2 nanoparticles were utilized as photocatalyst in addition to alkaline (ammonia and sodium hydrate) treatment of corn stover biomass to improve delignification ability and reduce the energy and chemical loadings to make the process more environmentally friendly. Raman Spectroscopic imaging, as an accurate and rapid chemical characterization method, was utilized to investigate the molecular compositional and structural changes occurring during the pretreatment process in the corn stover biomass qualitatively. Lignin characteristic peaks at 1,600, 1,620 and 1,690 cm-1 as well as cellulose characteristic peaks at 1,059 and 2,888 cm-1 were identified through Raman Spectroscopic measurement as indicators of the effects of the pretreatment. Real-time quantitative analysis of these functional peaks revealed the molecular structural changes during delignification, potentially may lead to optimization of the processing parameters to reduce the processing cost in the future.
Effect of Equal Channel Angular Pressing on Microstructure and Recrystallization Temperature of Al-Cu Alloy
Authors: Fang Da Ran , Liu Chun , Liu Feng Fang , Quan Li Wei , Li Jia Jun , Zhao Nai Qin
Published: February 2014

Al-0.6%Cu alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was investigated in this study. The samples processed with 1, 2 and 4 ECAP passes were annealed at different temperatures. And the microstructures of the Al-0.63%Cu alloy samples were observed. The results show that the grains of the alloy are refined to sub-micron level after multipass ECAP. Moreover, it is found that the recrystallization temperature of the Al-0.6%Cu alloy samples decreases with increasing the number of ECAP passes. Based on the study above, effect of cold rolling reduction and ECAP passes on recrystallization temperature of materials should be further investigated.
Preparation of PPX Based Functional Tube and its Dielectric Property
Authors: Liu Tai Qi , Zhao Na , Zhao Xiao Long , Ma Fu Rui , Ren Feng
Published: February 2014

Due to the absence of the functional group in the poly (p-xylylene) (PPX) based tube, there is limitation of its application such as a catalyst supporter. In this paper a functional tube with a modification of the PPX tube by coating with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was successfully prepared and its dielectric constant was measured. The results show that the PAN coated PPX tube has an obvious dielectric relaxations, which has no great different with that of a pure PAN film.
Performance Analysis of Single Module Thermoelectric Generator
Authors: Thimmareddygari Somesh Reddy , Sonthalia Ankit , Ramesh Kumar C.
Published: February 2014

The need of energy is increasing enormously day by day and presently it is being fulfilled mostly by depleting energy resources like coal and petroleum based fuels. This situation pushes mankind to search for novel green technologies which can convert efficiently even low grade heat energy into useful energy. Thermoelectric generator (TEG) promises to be clear technology to generate electricity. TEG uses temperature gradient between source and sink to generate electricity. In this study, performance of commercially available thermoelectric module was studied using a specially designed cross flow heat exchanger. The heat exchanger was optimized previously using commercially available CFD package Ansys CFX. The efficiency of thermoelectric module was calculated by taking figure of merit and Carnot efficiency into consideration. The results indicate that the commercially available TEG used in this study, which is made of Bismuth Telluride performs efficiently at higher temperature difference and value of figure of merit is around one at maximum efficiency.
The Simulation of Processes and Performances within Low Enthalpy Geothermal Power Plants
Authors: Panea Crina , Felea Ioan , Almăşan Ioan
Published: February 2014

On the perspective of constant development, a major objective of today’s international strategies – the exploitation of nonpolluting resources becomes a very important aspect. Geothermal energy represents one of the renewable energy resources. The exploitation of geothermal resources of low enthalpy with the aim of producing electric energy is a well extended direction of development. The paper is dedicated to the simulation of processes and performances within equipments which build up a GPP having as a destination the exploitation of low enthalpy geothermal deposits. After the short presentation of the actuality subject and the structure of GPP we pass on to the draft modules for the equipments from the GPP structure, with the aim of specific processes simulation. By using the programming medium Matlab/Simulink we apply the model for a GPP which will function according to pre-established conditions. The obtained result after simulation are verry good, and the most important parameter wich is followed is the efficiency of the plant. The results for this parameter is high for this type of power plants.
Study on the Influence of Electrode Collocation to Electric Field Characteristic of ESP
Authors: Jia Cheng Liang , Sun You Shan , Huang Chao , Zhang Wan Peng , Chen Fang
Published: February 2014

A laboratory-scale ESP with new electrode configuration was established to investigate the electric field characteristic. Eight teeth prick line and prick plate with the length of 20mm were employed as discharge electrodes, respectively. The effects of discharge electrode type and electrode gap on V-I characteristic and surface current density were studied. The results showed that the optimum electrode gaps were 350-400mm for eight teeth line and 300-350mm for prick plate, which could obtained higher average current density and lower variance.
Influence of Input Material Kind on Thermic System Furnace Efficiency
Authors: Honus Stanislav , Juchelková Dagmar
Published: February 2014

This publication is focused on thermal balance of the experimental pyrolysis system furnace. Especially, a relationship between a kind of input material for thermal processing and pyrolysis furnace efficiency has been researched here. Mass intake of materials was 60 kg per an hour and the process temperature of 600 °C was set in the reactor. Presented findings relate to three kinds of materials that have been tested - brown coal, rubber and polyethylene. The main aim of this research is to answer the following question: "In which case does the furnace have the highest efficiency" Inter alia, the article contains a description of the individual input and output energy flows within the system that is thermal input in heating gas, profitably utilised heat, heat losses in waste burnt gases, heat losses by convection and radiation from the unit surface and coherent information. The best efficiency of the system is shown under thermic processing of the rubber.
Study on Modeling and Simulating of Micro-Powers and Micro-Grid Construction
Authors: Zhu He , Li Feng Ting , Jia Yan Zheng , Zhou Er Xiong
Published: February 2014

Micro-grid can effectively solve many problems caused by distributed generation connecting with grid, so many countries and regions pay more attention to the research and usage of the micro-grid. In this paper, modeling and simulating of micro-powers, including wind turbine generator model, fuel cell model, photovoltaic cell (PV) with MPPT (maximum power point tracking) model and diesel generator model, as well as the secondary load which can be equipped with the capacity of frequency modulation, are implemented with MATLAB/Simulink platform, and simulations are carried to prove the model rationality and validity. On this basis, a micro-grid with various energy sources and loads is built. By evaluating its capacity of maintaining power quality and quick recovery under load mutations and serious fault scenario, it is showed that the constructed micro-power and micro-grid models can simulate the practical situation well.
Study on Stability of Hydroelectric Generating Set Influenced by the Governor Parameters under Isolated Grid
Authors: Huang Qing Song , Zhai Xiao Juan , Zheng Yuan , Xu Guang Wen , Wang Hao
Published: February 2014

In order to study on stability of hydroelectric generating set under isolated grid, taking hydraulic, mechanical, and electrical system into consideration to build the mathematical model. This paper has researched on the main governor parameters sensitivity in the small fluctuations transition process of complex hydropower station under isolated grid. According to the simulated results, KP or KI increases, or KD decreases appropriately, governor quality of small fluctuation transition process will be better. The influence caused by KD is the most obvious of the three.
Durian Peeling Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Chutrakulwong Fueangfahkan , Thamaphat Kheamrutai
Published: February 2014

In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized from AgNO3 through a simple and eco-friendly method, also called the green synthesis, using Mon Thong durian (Durio zibethinus L.) peeling extract. The main role in synthesis mechanism of AgNPs is using polysaccharides in durian rind as a reducing agent as well as stabilizer. The appearance of a yellowish-brown color in mixture of AgNO3 solution and durian rind extract is the indication of formation of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometry. The AgNPs were found to be polycrystalline in nature and spherical particles with diameter of 11.7 ± 3.2 nm. The crystallinity with fcc phase is evidenced by clear lattice fringes in SAED pattern and diffraction peaks in the XRD pattern corresponding to the (111), (200), (220), and (311) planes.
Fuzzy Logic Based Electrical Power System for Pico Satellite ERPSat-1
Authors: Neji Bilel , Hamrouni Chafaa , Alimi Adel M. , Nakajima Hiroshi
Published: February 2014

Despite the recent advances in space technologies, electrical power systems still are challenging researchers developing small satellites for low earth orbit use. In order to supply their subsystems, these satellites can only use the power stored on board from solar energy. Therefore, the electrical power system should ensure a maximum exploitation of energy sources and optimize the distribution of the available electrical power. In this context, Research Group of Intelligent Machines Laboratory in Tunisia developed a new intelligent electrical power subsystem to be used for pico satellites. This subsystem is based on fuzzy logic allowing a faster energy storage and better and efficient energy distribution. The intelligent electrical power subsystem was successfully integrated in ERPSat-1 pico satellite. In addition, the simulation has shown better results compared to other used methods in the previous electrical power systems used for small satellites.
Research on the Existence of Genuine Inter-Harmonic Components Based on the Component Appearance Rate
Authors: Yuan Xiao Dong , Li Qun , Hui Jin , Chen Bin
Published: February 2014

The inter-harmonic spectrum of an electrical voltage or current from discrete Fourier transform can not only be caused by genuine inter-harmonic components, but can also be caused by other system disturbances. Therefore, the existence determination of genuine inter-harmonic s from the spectrum becomes the premise for further calculation of inter-harmonic parameters. From the theoretical perspective, this paper firstly analyzes and points out that the waveform difference among each cycle in the analysis window is the cause of the existence of inter-harmonic spectrum, and then presents a method to determine the existence of genuine inter-harmonic components, which is based on inter-harmonic time-frequency contour chart and the component appearance rate. The presented method firstly performs continuous discrete Fourier transform on the captured signal with certain duration and obtains the corresponding absolute time-frequency matrix, and then the genuine inter-harmonics can be distinguished based on the component appearance rate of the matrix and the criterion threshold. The method is easy to implement with clear principle, it can distinguish the genuine inter-harmonic s from the measured signal. The analysis on several data groups from real measurements verifies the effectiveness and the practicability of the method.
Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Desiccant Wheel Performance for Solar Hybrid Desiccant Air-Conditioning System
Authors: Enggsa Zuraini Mohd , Rachman Arfidian , Suyono Tri , Mehdi M. , Mat Sohif , Sopian Kamaruzzaman
Published: February 2014

Dehumidification is considered as a key feature of HVAC systems for thermal comfort. Malaysia is located in the South East Asia region which has a sufficiently high temperature and humidity of approximately 80% RH. This requires a process which can reduce moisture in the air. Desiccant wheel is used to provide dehumidification. Desiccant wheel with model no. 770 WSG produced by NOVELAIRE having operating system 1:1 and maximum flow rate of 1500 cfm has been theoretically and experimentally analyzed for its performance. The results show good matching between theoretical and experimental results in term of sensible and latent effectiveness of dehumidification process as well as regeneration process. This desiccant wheel is capable of condensing water at 0.05kgH2O/s and providing 3.3639 kW load reduction. With this significant load reduction, the component integrated in solar hybrid desiccant air-conditioning system can perform comfort cooling to area with high latent load such as hall, hyper market and commercial building.
A Framework for Effective Energy Management Modeling in Industry
Authors: Faieza A.A. , Nadarajah J.
Published: February 2014

The demand for energy in continues to grow. This projected growth in demand has spurned several initiatives aimed at forestalling potential shortages. The focus is on influencing the energy consumption patterns in industry especially during peak demand times when energy supply systems are strained. Moreover, the modern society has become more sensitive to the impact on the environment. More consumers are aware today of the need to conserve energy. A typical platform will enable industry to reduce electricity usage. The ability to manage energy usage more effectively saves businesses. To ensure the provision of adequate, secure and cost-effective energy supplies, resources using the latest cost options are being utilized. To promote the efficient utilization of energy and discourage wasteful and non-productive patterns of energy consumption, the energy policy's approach is to rely heavily on industry to exercise efficiency in energy conversion, utilization and consumption through the implementation of awareness programs. This research will encourage engineers in industry to evaluate, investigate, discover and discuss the various opportunities available to manage energy in industry utilizing a well-structured and engineered methodology and to consider energy management initiatives seriously.
Mathematical Modeling of the New System for Capture of Wave Energy
Authors: Sajin Tudor , Nedelcu Dragoş Iulian
Published: February 2014

The paper presents the mathematical modeling of the wave energy capture process. The wave energy is transformed into torque by a device composed of multiple floating cylinders, which perform oscillating motions according to the wave parameters and to the constructive elements of a new patented device.
Small Wind Turbine Power Performance Testing with Uncertainty Analysis
Authors: Bai Wen Lei , Chang Byun Gik , Chen Gerald , Starcher Ken , Carr David , Issa Roy
Published: February 2014

Wind turbine power performance testing consists of power, temperature, air pressure and wind speed measurements collected for this study during which measuring uncertainties are involved. Due to the measurement uncertainties, the results of power performance testing are affected; therefore, it is necessary to consider the measurement uncertainties for evaluating the accuracy of turbine testing. For this purpose of this study, uncertainty analysis for one 5kW wind turbine power performance testing was conducted. The results of uncertainty analysis indicated that the uncertainty negatively affected the validity of conclusions drawn from power performance testing, and the uncertainty sources are various in different wind speed bins.
Robot Learning from Demonstration Using 3D Computer Vision
Authors: Debono James Aaron , Fang Gu
Published: February 2014

For robot application to proliferate in industry, and in unregulated environments, a simple means of programming is required. This paper describes methods for robot Learning from Demonstration (LfD). These methods used an RGB-D sensor for demonstration observation, and used finite state machines (FSMs) for policy derivation. Particularly, a method for object recognition was developed, which required only a single frame of data for training, and was able to perform real-time recognition. A planning method for object grasping was also developed. Experiments with a pick-and-place robot show that the developed methods resulted in object recognition accuracy greater than 99% in cluttered scenes, and manipulation accuracies of below 3mm in linear motion and 2° in rotation.
Silica Nanoparticles from Rice Husk Ash: A Green Catalyst for the One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of Benzo[B]Furan Derivatives
Authors: Ramazani Ali , Rouhani Morteza , Joo Sang Woo
Published: February 2014

Reaction of an isocyanide with an iminium ion intermediate, formed by reaction between an electronpoor 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde derivative and a secondary amine in the presence of silica nanoparticles proceeds smoothly at room temperature to afford benzo [b] furan derivatives in high yields.
Magnetic Circuit Design and Analysis Used in Magnetic Sealing Drive Device
Authors: Tan Ding Zhong , Qiu Ying , Wang Qi Ming
Published: February 2014

according to the requirement of designing the magnetic sealing drive, the magnetic sealing drive torque design and calculation is completed. It is also analyzed the magnetic circuit and the whole structure of the drive. The matching problem of magnet thickness and arc length of magnetic pole surface is analyzed. The research also includes the method to calculate torque of combination of push pull magnetic circuit and method of its power matching calculation and correction. The magnetic sealing drive is tested and the results show that the design of the magnetic sealing drive complies with the design requirements.
Fault Diagnosis Feature Set Optimization Algorithm Based on Immunity
Authors: Huang Jin Ying , Pan Hong Xia , Wang Hai Rui , Li Yue
Published: February 2014

For reducing the dimensions of feature set and the amount of calculation in fault diagnosis, discrete immunity feature set optimization algorithm is put forward in this paper. Vibration signals are tested from laboratory gearbox under four specific conditions. Twenty-five kinds of feature parameters of those signals are extracted as the initial feature set. Distance-based objective function is established for the algorithm. By discrete binary encoding, immunity cloning, mutation and selection operating, the feature set is optimized. The optimal set includes eleven kinds of feature. Compared with the initial feature set, the application of optimal feature set in gearbox fault diagnosis has reduced computation and improved the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency greatly.
Compensation of the Nonlinear Effect on Anelectro Hydrostatic Cylinder Driver for the Transit and Rotating Motion Using Bilinear System
Authors: Park Rai Wung
Published: February 2014

The transit motion and the rotating motion have highly different effects in a technical systems and have almost nonlinear system behaviors. For the descriptions of their dynamical causes and effects on system, the physical information, which is concerned as a nonlinear mathematic model, has been used. But the corresponding equations are generally not easy to solve in complete form or their solutions are so complicated to see through the coherence. A common way to settle such a problem is to linearize system exactly in a state space or on a operating points with Taylor's series approximately. An advanced method to an approximation is a bilinear system that offers global separations principle. In this paper, an extended application of this theory is given in a modeling and control on the electro hydrostatic cylinder driver with both the transit and rotating motions for the keel system that mostly have not only advantage of high performance, small volume of building and weight but also high nonlinear behavior.
Numerical Study of Welding with Trailing Heat Sink Considering Phase Transformation Effects
Authors: Kala Shirish R. , Prasad N. Siva , Phanikumar G.
Published: February 2014

Welding process with trailing heat sink for 2 mm mild steel plates has been analyzed to estimate distortion and residual stresses using a finite element modeling software Sysweld. The material properties used for the analysis are both temperature dependent and phase dependent. A transient thermal analysis is carried out using Goldak double ellipsoidal heat source model and heat sink as Gaussian model with negative heat flux. The finite element analysis (FEA) is conducted by considering the material properties of all phases of steel as well as without phase transformation i.e. by considering properties of only ferrite phase. Temperature distribution, distortion and residual stresses are calculated and compared for four cases: without phase without cooling, without phase with cooling, with phase without cooling and with phase with cooling. It is found that FEA without phase transformation effects overestimates the residual stresses in the fusion zone (FZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ). It is also found that a trailing heat sink reduces transverse compressive residual stresses thus minimizing the possibilities of buckling.
Design and Development of Instrument for Measuring Torque and Shear Modulus for Material Research
Authors: Kumalasari Ratih , Djamal Mitra , Sanjaya Edi
Published: February 2014

An Instrument for measuring torque and shear modulus based on flat coil element for material research has been developed. Flat coil element was made from a thin epoxy with number of coils 30 and outer diameter of 3 cm. Working principle of the sensor is based on position change of a disturb element which attached to test shaft in front of the flat coil. The change of position will change the total inductance of the sensor system. The change of inductance is measured using LC oscillator by measuring its resonant frequency. An F/V converter converts the resonance frequency into voltage. The flat coil is used to measure the change of angle of the developed torque instrument. Using microcontroller ATMEGA16 the developed instrument can be controlled and work automatically. The developed instrument can measure torque and shear modulus with relative error less than 3%
An Experimental Study on Real Time Measurement of Ultrasonic Vibration Amplitude and Frequency Using Laser Displacement Sensor
Authors: Zhang Yu Nong , Stanco Matthew R. , Li Z.C.
Published: February 2014

An ultra-high-speed and high-accuracy charge-coupled device (CCD) laser displacement sensor is used to track and measure the ultrasonic vibration in real time. A series of Matlab programs are developed to filter noise from original data. The ultrasonic vibration frequency and period are evaluated and the ultrasonic amplitude is measured within accuracy ±0.1 μm. Effect of the ultrasonic power on the ultrasonic amplitude is also studied.
Research on Familiar Fault Diagnosis Technology to Electrical System of Auto Crane
Authors: Shi Hong Xia , Duan Zhi Jian , Zhang Xiao Bao , Li Yuan
Published: February 2014

The development of truck crane is rapid, however, due to the constraint of working condition, the fault diagnosis and elimination are difficult. Pertaining to the electrical system of truck crane, the electrical system is analyzed. The electrical system is divided into four parts, including power supply system, startup system, ignition system and the whole-car circuit. The fault phenomenon is sorted and the causes of faults are analyzed. Then the detection and repairing methods of common faults are put forward, thereby save time consumption of maintenance, improve the maintenance efficiency and provide theoretical basis for actual maintaining operation.
Study on Mechanical Engineering Measurement and Control Experimental Technique
Authors: Liu Zhi Gang
Published: February 2014

As an important foundational technology of the development of mechanical industry, the test technology plays a vital role in the assessment of product quality and performance. However, with the rapid development of technology, the rapid expansion of production scale and more and more revealed shortcomings of traditional mechanical engineering test means, it has been unable to meet the requirements of large-scale test. This article focuses on the test function demand of mechanical engineering objects and proposes a concept of independently selecting the hardware and software and modules and rapid reconfiguring to conduct control experiments, based on the analysis of control experimental platform needs, we determine the platform research and development program. And it describes the detailed design process in the respects of hardware and software related to the control platform.
Study on Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation System for Navigation and Control of UUV
Authors: Shao Zhi Yu , Feng Yuan , Jin Jun , Bian Jiang Nan
Published: February 2014

The Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) is used more and more widely in military and non-military areas. Since UUVs navigation and motion control system is highly complex, a Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulation (HILS) system is designed and implemented to help research and development of its navigation and motion control system. The HILS system is mainly composed of real-time simulation computer, main control compute, GPS/Beidou satellite signal simulator, three-axis turntable, actuator load simulator, water pressure simulator, acceleration simulation unit, visual computer and interface devices. Performance specifications are allocated to each components of the HILS system according to dynamic characteristics of the UUV under complicated disturbances. Proximity between the results of the UUVs HILS and sea trial demonstrates the validity of the HILS system elementarily.
A Study on Structure and Optical Properties of Sputtered TiO2 Films
Authors: Huang Mei Dong , Du Shan , Li Hong Yu , Liu Chun Wei , Tang Xiao Hong
Published: February 2014

Influence of argon flow on the optical properties of titanium oxide films, which were fabricated on well-polished K9 glass substrate through r.f. magnetron sputtering, has been investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to analyse the microstructure. Surface morphology was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Transmittance of the films was measured within the visible range by UV-3600 spectrometer. The optical constants, such as thickness, refractive index and extinction coefficient, were measured using an ellipsometer. The experimental results and the effects of argon flow on optical constants of the TiO2 films have been discussed and analysed.
Determination of Synchronous Reactive Frequency Doublers EMFs Using Magnetic Field's Mathematical Simulation
Authors: Mesnyayevs Aleksandrs , Zviedris Andrejs , Berzina Kristina
Published: February 2014

In many spheres of human activities devices that work on increased frequency current are widely applied. 50 Hz current can be converted into increased frequency (100-400 Hz) current using synchronous reactive converters, which are based on exude and usage of higher harmonics.
The Integrated Control Countermeasures on Floor Heave of Broken Soft Rock with High Ground Stress
Authors: Li Yao Bin
Published: February 2014

The floor heave is one of the key issues of surrounding rock stability control during the deep well mining process. To solve the problem about floor heave occupying the most of roof and floor convergence deformation, the author analyzed the engineering geological conditions of broken surrounding rock and the floor heave features in PanEr Coal Mine East 2 mining area when it through the fault zone with high pressure. It pointed out that we should make full use of the reinforcement of the roof and laneway's side to limit the deformation of the floor, and make use of overbreak, prestressed anchor cable, bottom corner bolt, deep hole grouting and backfill as direct bottom control countermeasures.
Research on the Current Situation of Safety Monitoring of Tower Cranes and the Existed Problems
Authors: Liu Yao , Chen Bao Jiang
Published: February 2014

At the beginning of 21st century, with the growth of architecture and construction industry, many countries are having a great boom in crane industry. Still, there are some crane accidents, which usually cause startling devastation. As the rapid development of modern science and technology, especially dramatic improvement in internet, domestic and foreign scientists have taken advantages of advanced technology to exploit the safety monitoring system of tower cranes. Although the tower and tower arm are crucial targets of the safety monitoring system of tower cranes, the fact is that few scientists concentrating on the internal stress and strain in tower crane when it has been loaded. Hence, it is necessary to introduce some latest developments of the safety monitoring system of tower cranes in this text, presenting some existed problems and an advanced safety monitoring system basing on infrasonic emission technology.
The Preparation and Optical Properties of Ag/ZnO Composite Materials
Authors: Zhou Ming Tao , Zhu Peng Xi , Zhao Yue , Min Yi Ni , Peng Xiang , Liang Xiao Yan , Min Jia Hua
Published: February 2014

A simple, two-step fabrication technique was presented to prepare the Ag/ZnO hybrid nanostructures using silver nitrate and zinc nitrate. Silver particles were synthesized by chemical reduction method and the ZnO layer was coated on the surface of silver using wet chemical method. The microstructure, the composition and the optical properties of the obtained materials were further characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy. The results showed that the silver and zinc oxide composite had been successful prepared. The intensity of fluorescence showed an enhancement of R6G (dye) indicate that ZnO shell had an improvement on the silver metal enhance fluorescence.
Adsorptive Desulfurization of Model Gasoline on Organic - Inorganic Modified Montmorillonite
Authors: Zhang Yu Chang , Yang Xiao Wei , Li Dan , Na Ping
Published: February 2014

The phenyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (PTMAB) and Keggin polyhydroxyl aluminum cations (Al13) as pillared agent and montmorillonite as the carrier, organic - inorganic pillared montmorillonite was prepared through sol-gel method to remove sulfur in model gasoline. The results showed when adsorption time was 1.5 h and reaction temperature was 40 °C, the maximum adsorption capacity of PTMAB-Al-MMT was 5.32 mg/g. The modified materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Nitrogen adsorption-desorption and NMR techniques to investigate the material structure and the adsorption mechanism. After the intercalation of PTMAB and Keggin Al13 in MMT, the interlayer d-spacing, specific surface and pore volume area increased to 1.10 nm, 41.23 m2 /g and 0.16cm3/g, respectively.
Exchange Bias Properties in Bulk Ni45Co5Mn38Sn12 Heusler Alloy
Authors: Jing Chao , Yang Ye Jun , Yu Dong Hua , Li Zhe , Wang Xiao Long , Kang Bao Juan , Cao Shi Xun , Zhang Jin Cang , Zhu Jie , Lu Bo
Published: February 2014

We report the exchange bias properties in the bulk Ni45Co5Mn38Sn12 quaternary Heusler alloy. The ferromagnetic (FM) –antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions get reinforced after the Co substitution for Ni in the Ni-Mn-Sn alloy, which increase the exchange bias field (HE). A maximum shift in hysteresis loops of 306 Oe was observed in the 10 kOe field cooled sample. The origin of this large exchange bias field has been discussed. Magnetic hysteresis loop obtained in the zero field cooled (ZFC) mode shows double-shifted loop, and the reason of this phenomenon has been explained in detail.
Preparation and Characterization of Nitrogen Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles as an Effective Catalyst in Photodegradation of Phenol under Visible Light
Authors: Hassanvand Armineh , Sohrabi Morteza , Royaee Sayed Javid , Jafarikajour Morteza
Published: February 2014

Nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanoparticles of commercial Degussa P25 have been prepared via a direct impregnation reaction using ammonium hydroxide solution as nitrogen source. The Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area BJH pore charecterization and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results demonstrated that the nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanoparticles had a crystallite size 70.8 nm and a specific surface area of 6.4 m2/g with average pore diameter of 23.3 nm consisting mainly of titanium and oxygen. The photocatalyst activity was determined by degradation of phenol in an impinging stream reactor under visible light irradiation (λ> 400 nm). N-TiO2 catalyst exhibited higher photocatalytic activity in comparison with Degussa P25 under visible light irradiation.
The Phase Structure and Electrochemical Properties of La4MgNi17M2(M=Ni,Co,Mn) Hydrogen Storage Alloys
Authors: Wei Fan Song , Wei Fan Na , Lu Huan Huan , Xiang Hong Fu
Published: February 2014

The phase structure and electrochemical properties of La4MgNi17M2(M=Ni,Co,Mn) alloys were investigated in detail. The XRD analysis revealed that the main phases in the alloys are LaNi5 and La4MgNi19 phases (Ce5Co19+Pr5Co19 structure). When the Ni element in the alloy was substituted by Mn or Co, the abundant of La4MgNi19 phase increased, and especially in the La4MgNi17Mn2 alloy, that increased to 70.7%. The electrochemical measurement showed that the activation of La4MgNi17M2(M=Ni,Co,Mn) alloy electrodes were improved, and it only needed 1-2 cycles.what’s more, with the elements substitution for Ni ,the maximum discharge capacity gradually increased to 386.10 mA·h/g (Co) and 375.18 mA·h/g (Mn), but high-rate dischargeability (HRD) decreased somewhat (Co, HRD900=86.2%). It is found that the HRD was mainly controlled by the electrocatalytic activity on the alloy electrode surface, and the decline of cyclic stability was due to the appearance of A5B19 type phase with larger hydrogen storage capacity, which lead to bigger volume expansion or intercrystalline stress, then easier pulverization during charging/discharging. In addition, the cyclic stability (S100) was improved with Co substitution, and worsened with Mn substitution, because Mn element was easily corroded and Co improved the ability of Corrosion resistance.
Synthesis and Application of a Novel Liquid Crystal Monomer 1,4-di-[4-(3-acryloyloxyhexyloxy)benzoyloxy]-2-methyl Benzene
Authors: Zhang Gui Yu , Lu Hong Bo , Xu Wei Bing
Published: February 2014

A novel liquid crystal monomer 1, 4-Di-[4-(3-acryloyloxyhexyloxy) benzoyloxy]-2-methyl benzene (LCM) was synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). LCM possesses liquid crystal phase between 68 to 124 °C. A f-ast response polymer stabilized cholesteric texture (PSCT) film was prepared based on LCM, and t-he response time was less than 1 ms, which can be applied in true 3D display. In addition, the morp-hology of the polymer network was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM).
The Effect of CuO-Water Nanofluid and Biomaterial Wick on Loop Heat Pipe Performance
Authors: Putra Nandy , Septiadi Wayan Nata , Saleh Rosari , Koestoer Rardi Artono , Purbo Prakoso Suhendro
Published: February 2014

The determinants of heat pipe performances are its wick and working fluid, instead of controlled by the material, dimension, and the shape of heat pipe. This study aimed to determine the effect of using nanofluid on the performance of Loop heat pipes (LHP) with CuO-water nanofluid that using biomaterials wick. LHP was made of 8 mm diameter copper pipe, with the diameter of evaporator and the condenser was 20 mm respectively and the length of the heat pipe was 100 mm. The wick was made of biomaterials Collaria Tabulate and the working fluid was CuO-water nanofluids where the CuO nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method. The characteristic of the Tabulate Collaria biomaterial as a wick in LHP was also investigated in this experiment. The results of the experiments showed that the temperature differences between the evaporator and condenser sections with the biomaterial wick and CuO-water nanofluid were less than those using pure water. These results make the biomaterial (Collar) and nanofluids are attractive both as wick and working fluid in LHP technology.
Keywords: loop heat pipe, wick, biomaterial, nanofluid.