bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Which body functions and activities matter for stroke patients? Study protocol for best–Worst scalings to value core elements of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
Authors: Juhnke Christin , Mühlbacher Axel Christian
Published: December 2023

Background

Stroke is a common, serious, and disabling healthcare problem with increasing incidence and prevalence. Following a stroke, identifying the factors associated with decisions about rehabilitation interventions is important to assess rehabilitation after stroke. The aim is to guide clinical staff to make patient-centered decisions. Fundamentally, decision makers cannot draw on evidence to consider the relevance of distinct functions and activities from the patient’s perspective. Until now, outcomes of rehabilitation are generally categorized using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). This can be seen as a conceptual basis for the assessment of health and disability. Since the ICF does not distinguish importance between these aspects there is a need to value the most important clinical factors as well as related activities from a patients and public perspective to help guide therapists in effectively designing post-acute rehabilitation care for individuals following stroke. The research question is which ICF body functions and activities are of value to stroke patients? Which trade-offs are patients willing to make within the core elements? Health preference research (HPR) answers the need to develop additional preference weights for certain ICF dimensions. Patient preference information (PPI) values health conditions based on the ICF from a patient perspective.

Methods

In this study we conduct three best–worst scaling (BWS) experiments to value body function and activities from patients’ and public perspective. Out of all ICF dimensions this research covers health conditions relevant to stroke patients in terms of body function, perception, and activities of daily living. Stroke patients as well as members of the general population will be recruited to participate in the online BWS surveys. Fractional, efficient designs are applied regarding the survey design. Conditional and multinominal logit analyses will be used as the main analysis method, with the best–worst count analysis as a secondary analysis. The survey is being piloted prior to commencing the process of data collection. Results are expected by the autumn of 2023.

Discussion

The research will add to the current literature on clinical decision-making in stroke rehabilitation and the value of certain body functions as well as related activities in neurorehabilitation. Moreover, the study will show whether body functions and activities that are currently equally weighted in international guidelines are also equally important from the point of view of those affected, or whether there are disconcordances in terms of differences between public judgements and patients’ preferences.
Gender and the length of time since autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation—What is their influence on the immune reconstitution in multiple myeloma patients?
Authors: Popierz-Rydlewska Natalia , Merkiel-Pawłowska Sylwia , Łojko-Dankowska Anna , Komarnicki Mieczysław , Chalcarz Wojciech
Published: December 2023

Introduction

In the literature there is lack of information on the influence of gender and time since autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) on the immune reconstitution in multiple myeloma (MM) patients.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the diversity of the immune reconstitution according to gender in MM patients after autologous HSCT on the day of the clinic discharge and on the 29th day after discharge, as well as to investigate the changes in the immune system in females and males after staying at home for 28 days.

Method

The studied population comprised 13 females and 13 males after autologous HSCT. On the day of the clinic discharge and on the 29th day after discharge blood samples were taken to analyse 22 immunological parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA 10 StatSoft Poland. For multiple comparisons, the Bonferroni correction was used.

Results

No statistically significant differences were observed in the analysed immunological parameters between the studied females and males with MM on the day of the clinic discharge and on the 29th day after discharge. However, on the 29th day after the clinic discharge compared to the day of the clinic discharge, statistically significant differences were found in 8 immunological parameters among females and 6 immunological parameters among males.

Conclusion and recommendation

Our results indicate that the immune reconstitution is similar but not the same in patients of both genders. Statistically significant differences in the immune response in the studied females and males imply that gender may play a role in the immune reconstitution and that the results obtained in MM patients should be analysed separately in females and males. In order to explain the observed changes in the immune system according to gender, further research should be carried out on a larger population. This would most probably make it possible to find their clinical application.
A method for determining the optimum supporting opportunity of roadway based on energy dissipation
Authors: Wu Qinzheng , Peng Chao , Liu Yang , Li Danli , Zhang Haoqin
Published: December 2023

The time and space of the support structure applying is related to the overall stability of the roadway after excavation directly. Designed twenty-four groups of roadway support schemes with time and space dimensions, and studied the stability characteristics of roadway in different schemes by using Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in Three Dimensions. The main conclusions are as follows: the influence of energy dissipation (time) and support position (space) on the stability of the roadway is not a linear relationship, and supporting at the appropriate opportunity can be beneficial. Established the "displacement-dissipation energy" curve, founding that there is an obvious "jump" phenomenon in the dissipation energy of surrounding rock during the process of gradually increasing displacement. A novel method for determining the optimum supporting opportunity of roadway based on energy dissipation was proposed, based on the above finding. This study can provide an original idea for the determination of roadway supporting opportunity.
Association between glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio and in-hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Liu Jing , Hu Xiaogang
Published: December 2023

Background

Inflammation is involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Recent studies indicated that glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) level were significantly associated with the risk of mortality from inflammatory diseases, and showed a specific prognostic value. Herein, this study intended to explore the association between GLR level and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and evaluate the predictive value of GLR on AMI prognosis.

Methods

Data of patients with AMI were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database in 2012–2019 in this retrospective cohort study. Univariate COX proportional hazard model was used to screen covariates. The associations between GLR and in-hospital mortality were evaluated using univariate and multivariate COX proportional hazard models. Subgroup analysis of age, gender, vasopressor use, SOFA scores, renal replacement therapy, coronary artery bypass graft, and β blockers use were performed. The evaluated index was hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In addition, the predictive performance of GLR, glucose, and lymphocytes on in-hospital mortality was assessed respectively.

Results

Among eligible patients, 248 (13.74%) died in the hospital. After adjusting for covariates, we found that a higher GLR level was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality [HR = 1.70, 95%CI: (1.24–2.34)]. This relationship was also found in patients who were male, aged ≥65 years old, did not have renal replacement therapy, coronary artery bypass graft, or β blockers, used vasopressor or not, and whatever the SOFA scores (all P<0.05). Moreover, the predictive performance of GLR on in-hospital mortality seemed superior to that of glucose or lymphocytes.

Conclusion

GLR may be a potential predictor for AMI prognosis, which provided some references for identifying and managing high-risk populations early in clinical.
Bank behavior due to a buildup in Chinese nonperforming loans
Authors: Xie Yuchi , Ye Qizhen , Guo Raofeng
Published: December 2023

We study 33 Chinese banks from December 2009 to December 2020 to examine the moral hazard behavior of Chinese banks from the perspective of nonperforming loans (NPLs). The results show that banks with low returns are more likely to engage in risk-taking behavior and have a high number of NPLs. The government could adopt regulations that would help joint stock banks to be more prudential and encourage city and rural banks to take more risks.
The Archaeology of Freediving: A Foundational Study
Authors: Rodríguez-Álvarez Emilio
Published: December 2023

This study explores the presence of divers in the archaeological records of the Mediterranean basin. Direct evidence of diving is scarce, which has contributed to hiding their presence in the scholarship. Although references to divers have been preserved in the literary record, no attempts have been made to correlate these statements with the archaeological record. By applying a new theoretical framework that emphasizes ethnography and experimental archaeology, this study is able to link several misidentified artifacts to the work of divers, a first step towards a better understanding of the important role they played in the economy of their communities.
A verbális agresszió megnyilvánulási formái politikai tartalmú Facebook-kommentekben
Authors: Bozsik Tamara
Published: December 2023

Tanulmányomban a verbális agresszió megnyilvánulási formáit vizsgálom politikai tartalmú Facebook-kommentekben, különös tekintettel a prozódia írásbeli helyettesítésére és a jelentésalkotásra. A tanulmány befogadói oldalról vizsgálja a verbális agresszió nyelvi és nyelvhasználati megvalósulásait, továbbá leíró jellegű, és a grammatika, pragmatika, kognitív nyelvészet, valamint szociolingvisztika fogalomkészletét alkalmazza a mintaelemzések során. A mintaelemzések illusztrálják, hogy a saját gyűjtésű korpuszomban hogyan jelenik meg a verbális agresszió. A saját verbális agressziódefinícióm megalkotásához a kiindulópontot Szabó (2020) definíciója adta, ez módosítva és továbbfejlesztve az elemzéseim alapját képezi. Mivel a kommentelés írott és beszélt nyelvi kommunikációs jegyeket is tartalmaz, ezért e jegyeket is figyelembe véve történt az elemzés. A tanulmány az elemzések mellett áttekintést is ad az agresszióról mint viselkedésről, feltérképezi az agressziót nyelvészeti megközelítésből, valamint az internetes nyelvhasználat jellemzőit is széleskörűen bemutatja.
A espetacularização no twitter
Authors: Fernandes Carla Montuori , Oliveira Luiz Ademir de , Lopes Adriel Geovane Diniz
Published: December 2023

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar a espetacularização no perfil do candidato a presidência Jair Bolsonaro por meio da representação da Operação Lava Jato no período eleitoral. Foram estudadas as publicações feitas no perfil do presidenciável no período de 16 de agosto a 28 de outubro de 2018, quando ocorreram o primeiro e o segundo turnos das eleições daquele ano. Como metodologia foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo automatizada, para constituição das categorias e dos enquadramentos. O estudo também retoma a conjuntura política apoiado em conceitos e denominações jurídicas. A hipótese inicialmente levantada é de que a utilização da cobertura especular feita pela mídia sobre a Operação Lava Jato foi aproveitada pelo perfil do candidato na comunicação naquele período.
Estudio descriptivo transversal de los puntos de venta y publicidad de alimentos alrededor de escuelas primarias públicas en la ciudad de General San Martín, Argentina.
Authors: Diaz Yamila Alejandra , Gomez Paula , Meinardi Pamela Belén , Nessier María Celeste
Published: December 2023

Introducción. La alta prevalencia de exceso de peso y los hábitos alimentarios poco saludables de la población escolar de Argentina requieren analizar los entornos escolares. El objetivo fue caracterizar la disponibilidad de puntos de venta y publicidad de alimentos alrededor de escuelas primarias públicas de la Ciudad de General San Martín (GSM), Provincia de Buenos Aires.
Metodología. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal. Se incluyeron todas las escuelas de gestión pública de GSM. Se describieron las características de los puntos de venta y la publicidad de alimentos en un radio de 100 metros alrededor de cada escuela empleando la herramienta Google® Street View. Las publicidades de alimentos se categorizaron según las Guías Alimentarias para la Población Argentina (GAPA) del 2016.
Resultados. En el entorno de las 57 escuelas analizadas se identificaron 242 puntos de venta de alimentos, de los cuales el 85,1% fueron no saludables correspondiendo el 38,4% a kioscos. El 63,6% de los puntos de venta se encontraron en la zona centro, seguido por la zona sudeste (19,4 %) y noroeste (16,9 %). Se hallaron 446 publicidades de alimentos, las cuales el 54,7% correspondió a publicidades que visualizaban la marca y la imagen del producto, el 98,2% se ubicaron en el punto de venta, el 90% correspondió a cartelería y en 14,7% presentó estrategias de marketing. Al clasificar los alimentos publicitados, el 82% correspondió al grupo opcionales de las GAPA.
Conclusión. Más del 85% de los puntos de ventas se caracterizaron como no saludables y 82% de los alimentos publicitados correspondieron a no saludables, categorizados como grupo de opcionales de las GAPA. El estudio de los entornos escolares debe ser una herramienta de monitoreo y evaluación de las políticas que fomentan el derecho a la alimentación adecuada.
Financiación: Centro de Estudios Económicos Urbanos (CEEU, EEyNN) de la Universidad Nacional de San Martín.
Bibliometric Study of Papers Published During 2007 to 2021
Authors: Gaur Babita , Singh Rahul Kumar , Garg K. C.
Published: December 2023

The study examines the change in pattern of impact factor and SCImago Journal Ranking (SJR) of the journal under study from 2008 to 2021 besides examining the pattern of growth of the number of papers. The study identified the most prolific actors (authors, institutions, and countries), besides examining their citation impact in terms of citation per paper & relative citation impact. The pattern of citation and highly cited papers have also been identified. Based on the analysis of data it is observed that the number of articles published was highest and almost equal in the years 2013, 2016, and 2017. Using the methodology of the complete count of records, it is observed that 56 countries contributed 2,939 articles. China followed by the USA published the highest number of papers. The value of CPP was highest for Universidad de Granada (Spain) and Leiden University (the Netherlands). Among the authors, Nees Jan van Eck and Ludo Waltman of the Leiden University had the highest CPP. Only a minuscule number of published articles remained uncited. Article authored by Aria, M. and Cuccurullo, C. published in issue 11(4), 2017, 959-975 of the journal received the highest number of citations. The pattern of authorship indicates that during the first ten years, more papers were single and two-authored while during 2017-2021 more number of papers were multi-authored.
Measuring Alternative Research Impact of Private Higher Education Institutions of India Through Data Carpentry
Authors: Mazumder Jhantu , Nath Amit , Mukherjee Simly , Pakira Arpan Kumar , Jana Sibsankar
Published: December 2023

This research aims to measure the research impact of 27 private Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) in India through the lens of citations and social media. It applies data carpentry tools and techniques for gathering and formatting data from different databases. The primary bibliographic data was collected from Scopus, and the secondary data from four different databases (Dimensions.ai, Altmetric.com, Mendeley.com, and Unpaywall.org). The data is analysed in terms of coverage, associations between variables (citations vs. altmetrics), and open access advantages of altmetric. The result indicates that 18.51 % of publications from private HEIs are covered in altmetric, while 95.77 % of publications are in Mendeley. Twitter event has the most extensive coverage among altmetric data, and Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth registered with the broadest coverage in altmetric. The coverage level of altmetric data is higher for institutions focused on multidisciplinary research than medical, technical, and management institutions. The correlation results showed an almost positive between citations and altmetric mentions. Moreover, the coverage of open access publications in altmetric is considerably higher than those of non-OA articles. The Open Access Altmetric Advantages (OAAA) and Categorical Open Access Altmetric Advantages (COAAA) confirmed the open access advantages of selected institutions across altmetric events. The overall research result suggests that discipline- and institute-specific considerations are pivotal when evaluating institutions’ productivity using altmetric.
An improved deep reinforcement learning approach: A case study for optimisation of berth and yard scheduling for bulk cargo terminal
Authors: Ai T. , Huang L. , Song R.J. , Huang H.F. , Jiao F. , Ma W.G.
Published: December 2023

The cornerstone of port production operations is ship handling, necessitating judicious allocation of diverse production resources to enhance the efficiency of loading and unloading operations. This paper introduces an optimisation method based on deep reinforcement learning to schedule berths and yards at a bulk cargo terminal. A Markov Decision Process model is formulated by analysing scheduling processes and unloading operations in bulk port imports business. The study presents an enhanced reinforcement learning algorithm called PS-D3QN (Prioritised Experience Replay and Softmax strategy-based Dueling Double Deep Q-Network), amalgamating the strengths of the Double DQN and Dueling DQN algorithms. The proposed solution is evaluated using actual port data and benchmarked against the other two algorithms mentioned in this paper. The numerical experiments and comparative analysis substantiate that the PS-D3QN algorithm significantly enhances the efficiency of berth and yard scheduling in bulk terminals, reduces the cost of port operation, and eliminates errors associated with manual scheduling. The algorithm presented in this paper can be tailored to address scheduling issues in the fields of production and manufacturing with suitable adjustments, including problems like the job shop scheduling problem and its extensions.
Sarcoma protein kinase inhibition alleviates liver fibrosis by promoting hepatic stellate cells ferroptosis
Authors: Cheng Zhengyuan , Zhang Xiaojuan , Chen Pingsheng , Wang Haitao , Wang Kuangjing , Shen Yingzhou
Published: December 2023

Liver fibrosis is a type of chronic pathological liver damage involving liver tissue hypoxia and abnormal extracellular matrix deposits. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is critical for liver fibrosis. Currently, inhibiting HSCs activation or inducing HSCs ferroptosis is considered an effective strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Sarcoma protein kinase (Src) is an important member of the tyrosine protein kinase family. Hypoxia causes Src phosphorylation at tyrosine 416 (Tyr 416), and inhibiting Src activation can alleviate liver fibrosis. There is currently little research on the relationship between Src activation and ferroptosis in liver fibrosis. 1-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (PP1) is an inhibitor of Src activation at Tyr 416. Therefore, in this study we treated HSC-T6 cells with PP1 under normoxic and hypoxic culture conditions; moreover, PP1 was also used to treat a carbon tetrachloride-induced mouse liver fibrosis model. We explored whether inhibiting Src activation could alleviate liver fibrosis by promoting HSCs ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments showed that inhibiting Src activation in HSC-T6 cells significantly reduced hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression and HSC-T6 cells activation, and ferroptosis was significantly increased. In vivo experiments revealed that inhibiting Src activation in fibrotic livers reduced HIF-1α expression; meanwhile, ferroptosis was promoted, and liver fibrosis was alleviated. Therefore, inhibiting Src activation, which increases HSCs ferroptosis, can alleviate liver fibrosis.
Clinical features and management of lymphoepithelial cyst
Authors: Cui Ning , Su Wenhao , Zhang Jixiang , Zhou Zhongyin
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study was to analyze clinical features of lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) to make a more comprehensive and deeper understanding of it. We retrospectively analyzed the hospital records of 201 patients who were diagnosed by pathology results. Clinical characteristics like demographic profiles, lesion characteristics, therapeutic schedule, and associated costs were analyzed. Patient’s age ranged from 17 to 83 years old (52.6 ± 14.3, 120 males and 81 females). There were 12 cases of pancreatic LEC, 48 of oral LEC, and 141 of parotid LEC. Single lesion was found to be more than multiple lesions (147:54, 73.1%:26.9%). The majority of patients was primarily diagnosed by imaging test and endoscopy (171, 85.1%). All patients were finally confirmed by pathology results. Different treatment plans were selected according to personal situation, including dynamic observation (21, 10.5%), non-surgical treatment (24, 11.9%), and surgical treatment (156, 77.6%). No recurrence was found in surgical treatment patients for up to 24 months follow-up. To sum up, LEC is a rare and benign lesion, which is mostly located at parotid and oral, rarely located at pancreas. No typical symptoms could be found. EUS-FNA could be a reliable way to obtain pathological diagnosis. LEC could be cured by surgical resection with no recurrence.
Homoclinic breather, periodic wave, lump solution, and M-shaped rational solutions for cold bosonic atoms in a zig-zag optical lattice
Authors: Rizvi Syed T. R. , Seadawy Aly R. , Ahmed Samia
Published: December 2023

In this article, the equation showing the cold bosonic atoms in a zig-zag optical lattice model for some breathers, M-shaped solution and lump soliton solution, homoclinic breather pulses, breather lump pulses, periodic-cross kink wave, kink cross-rational propagation, and interaction between lump periodic and kink wave was examined. Some M-shaped solution, M-shaped interaction with periodic and kink, M-shaped interaction with rogue and kink, M-shaped rational solution, M-shaped rational solution with one kink, M-shaped rational solution with two kink, solutions for lump soliton waves, lump one kink waves, lump two kink waves, periodic-cross lump wave propagation, periodic wave propagation, rogue wave propagation, and multiwave propagation were also acquired. Likewise, our solution was also graphically presented, and also their stability was checked.
Recovery of wipe sampling of urban surfaces contaminated with blistering chemical warfare agents
Authors: Rozsypal Tomáš , Nekvinda Václav
Published: December 2023

Effective sampling is a key step in the process of proving the use of chemical weapons. An alternative to collecting the respective sample is to perform a wipe of surface contamination. This work deals with the optimization of the wiping process of the surfaces of selected matrices contaminated with bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide and tris(2-chloroethyl)amine. Optimization of the procedure was carried out in terms of the choice of wiping material, wetting solvent and extraction of the wiped contaminant. Furthermore, the time decrease of surface contamination was monitored. The effect of transport on the change in the observed recovery value was investigated and the measurement deviations of the wipe method were discussed. The resulting values of observed recovery were negatively influenced by the volatility of the analyte, the porosity of the matrix and the time that passed since the contamination. Viscose was evaluated as the most effective wipe material. Low relative standard deviations (≤7 %) were achieved with this material. The optimal wetting solvent was dichloromethane. There was no degradation of contaminants on the surface of the matrices, so the fate was only affected by evaporation and penetration into the material.
Multi-perspective structural integrity-based computational investigations on airframe of Gyrodyne-configured multi-rotor UAV through coupled CFD and FEA approaches for various lightweight sandwich composites and alloys
Authors: Vijayalakshmi Selvaramanan , Sekar Aravindha Vasan , Hassan Ahmed Mohamed , Arputharaj Beena Stanislaus , Jayakumar Shyam Sundar , AL-bonsrulah Hussein A. Z. , Rajendran Parvathy , Madasamy Senthil Kumar , Karuppasamy Arunkumar , Raja Vijayanandh
Published: December 2023

As this unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has a planned airframe that can carry a 25 kg payload, understanding its structural capabilities, such as its compressive and tensile strengths under different situations, is essential. For the purpose of comprehending the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) of the fuselage, this study designs and analyses the lightweight materials used in the airframe of a complex Gyrodyne UAV. A computer model of a composite airframe for a Gyrodyne UAV is built to examine its durability. An essential factor in the aircraft business is minimizing unnecessary weight, and this FSI study emphasizes the importance of sandwiches and their hybrid combinations in this regard. After the material finalization, around 140 material combinations are tested using an advanced computational composite platform, in which four different lightweight material families are implemented. The fluid load (pressure) is imported into ANSYS workbench 17.2, and the structural airframe is then solved according to the boundary conditions of the application domain. Also, experimental experiments using the high-speed jet facility are run to verify computational improvements. Materials for the airframe of the Gyrodyne UAV have been narrowed down to a final list of contenders. As the work focuses on the FSI analysis, not much computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results were discussed here. Only the imported pressure from the CFD analysis was imposed on to the Gyrodyne UAV to proceed for the FSI analysis.
Der Geltungsbereich der Organhaftung – ein deutsch-schweizerischer Rechtsvergleich
Authors: Sethe Rolf
Published: December 2023

775Die Organverantwortung dient nicht nur der Prävention und Kompensation von Schäden, sondern auch der Entschärfung des Principal-Agent-Konflikts. Sie ist somit ein wesentliches Steuerungsinstrument der Corporate Governance. Der vorliegende rechtsvergleichende Beitrag untersucht den persönlichen Geltungsbereich der Organhaftung in der Schweiz und Deutschland. Die dabei gefundenen Unterschiede in der Ausgestaltung der Organhaftung in beiden Rechtsordnungen sind beträchtlich. Der Verfasser zeigt nicht nur die Inkonsistenzen im deutschen Ansatz auf, sondern entwickelt auch Vorschläge für eine Reform.

776Directors' and officers' liability not only serves to prevent and compensate damages but is also a means to defuse the principal-agent conflict. It is therefore an important steering instrument of corporate governance. From a comparative law perspective, the article examines the personal scope of application of the directors' and officers' liability in Switzerland and Germany. The differences in the design of the directors' and officers' liability in both jurisdictions found in this contribution are considerable. The author not only identifies inconsistencies in the German approach but develops proposals for a reform.
Desubjetivación del discurso escrito y gestión de referentes en las formas de la primera persona del plural en español
Authors: Rodríguez García Óscar Javier
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar las diferencias de significado de las variantes expresa (nosotros/as) y omitida (ø) de primera persona del plural y su papel en la creación de estilos comunicativos, que se proyectan en un continuum de objetividad/subjetividad. La primera persona del plural es una opción de la que dispone el hablante para indexar su propia presencia en el discurso; no obstante, su referencia incluye también a otra serie de personas que pueden o no estar integradas en dicho referente según el significado que se quiera crear en la interacción. A partir de las nociones analíticas de prominencia e informatividad, es posible explicar los significados de dichas variantes. Para comprobarlo, se analiza un corpus de textos escritos del ámbito escolar. Los resultados muestran que la mayor o menor inclusión de otras personas o la audiencia en el referente favorece que cada forma adquiera un significado único, que viene determinado por el grado de involucración del emisor en el contenido del discurso y da lugar a la creación de estilos comunicativos. Asimismo, determinados factores discursivo-cognitivos, como el tipo de verbo que coaparece con cada una de las variantes estudiadas, ayudan a determinar su rentabilidad comunicativa.
cinq façons de faire la promotion de votre cabinet
Authors: Khan Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Vous avez travaillé fort pour mettre sur pied votre cabinet et le temps est venu de présenter le fruit de votre labeur au public. L’établissement d’une patientèle est un long cheminement, mais la mise en œuvre de différentes stratégies de marketing est souvent le coup de pouce dont vous avez besoin pour commencer à positionner votre cabinet dans l’univers du marketing.

Vos patients doivent savoir ce qui se passe dans votre cabinet et si vous avez de nouveaux services ou produits, des éléments qui doivent être au cœur de toutes vos démarches de marketing. Voici les cinq façons de faire la promotion de votre cabinet.
Editorial/Éditorial
Authors: Chou Ralph
Published: December 2023

n/a
Procédures cliniques : Un nouveau test pour examiner les différentes composantes de la réfraction monoculaire subjective
Authors: Shapiro Jonathon
Published: December 2023

Importance : La réfraction monoculaire subjective constitue l’examen de base pour déterminer la puissance d’une lentille ophtalmique. L’utilisation d’un seul outil d’examen pour déterminer la prescription finale, simultanément avec une méthode de contrôle des erreurs d’examen, simplifie la procédure, puisque le patient a maintenant une meilleure compréhension de l’objectif et se sent plus à l’aise avec l’examen.

 

But L’objectif de cette étude était de mettre au point un tableau d’examen et une méthode d’examen permettant d’améliorer l’efficacité de la détermination de la correction des composantes astigmatiques et sphériques d’une prescription. La procédure de test utilise une comparaison immédiate et évite les tests séquentiels qui dépendent de la mémoire.

Elle comporte une méthode permettant d’éviter les erreurs causées par le décentrement.

Ceci est important dans le cas de prescriptions élevées. Cette méthode peut être utilisée par le personnel auxiliaire dans le cadre des tests préliminaires.

Méthodes : Un tableau d’examen unique et non mobile indépendant du cercle de moindre confusion est présenté. La cible est basée sur la résolution simultanée d’une ligne dans quatre méridiens. Un deuxième tableau est intégré au tableau principal. Il utilise le déplacement chromatique, causé par l’observation décentrée d’un prisme, pour éviter les erreurs.

Résultats : Il a été démontré que cette méthode d’essai, lorsqu’elle est utilisée à la clinique, est efficace et facile à comprendre. Un essai indépendant limité a montré que la méthode est aussi efficace que les méthodes traditionnelles et donne des résultats acceptables lorsqu’elle est utilisée par le personnel auxiliaire. Les résultats obtenus par des personnes sans expérience sont également présentés. Cela peut être utile dans les environnements où il n’y a pas de personnel professionnel disponible.

Conclusion : La méthode décrite ici améliore l’examen de la réfraction subjective sans avoir à changer de cible. Il n’est pas nécessaire de tenir compte du cercle de moindre confusion. La cible comprend des tests pour l’axe, la puissance du cylindre, la puissance sphérique et le duochrome. Les patients préfèrent la comparaison simultanée au test séquentiel et la comprennent facilement. Le point final sphérique est défini, sauf en cas d’hyperacuité ou de spasme d’accommodation. Le test améliore la capacité du patient à comprendre la méthode d’examen et à se sentir à l’aise. L’équilibre binoculaire n’est pas pris en compte ici.
Improved outcomes after the introduction of donor breast milk
Authors: Shaheen Somia , Javed Faiza , Neh Germaine , Asif Hadia , Bhat Kiran
Published: December 2023

Premature infants are at considerable risk of increased morbidity and mortality. They have a higher risk of learning disabilities, cerebral palsy, sensory deficits, respiratory illnesses, and gastrointestinal illnesses.1,2 Providing mother's own milk to the preterm infant has nutritional, gastrointestinal, immunological, developmental, and psychological benefits. Breastfed preterm infants have a lower rate of ear infections, respiratory infections, or infection‐related events. They have lower rates of gastrointestinal infections, necrotizing enterocolitis, and mortality. When milk from the mother is not available, human donor milk is an important option, because it maintains many of its health benefits. This article shines light on the improved outcomes of premature infants after the introduction of donor breast milk and also discusses the multiple challenges faced by a level three NICU of a tertiary care hospital during the implementation of Donor Breast Milk program.
ثنائية السلطة التشريعية في تدبير شؤون الأمة (دراسة تحليلية لعلاقة المؤسسة الدينية والسلطة المدنية في ضوء الفقه السياسي)
Authors: Anwar Saepul
Published: December 2023

The jurists believe that the authority or the imamate was placed among the nation in order to fulfill the function of prophethood in guarding religion and the politics of the world. This matter can only be achieved if the authority is given to those who have the capacity to manage the affairs of the nation, both religiously and worldly. Among the important matters in managing the affairs of the nation is a legislative matter in legislating laws on which the nation relied in their lives. With the diversity of the affairs of the nation, including what is purely religious, and what is purely worldly, and what is mixed between religious and worldly matters, what has been legislated by the religious institution and what has been proven by the civil authority may be confronted. On this basis, this research proceeds to study the relationship between the religious institution and the civil authority, and how that relationship should be according to Islamic political jurisprudence. Among the hypotheses of this research, the first: that the civil authority, as an official legislative authority, needs to monitor the religious institution so that the laws it legislated do not contradict the religious values that the nation needs. Second: The religious institution, as a religious authority, needs the help of the civil authority to know the reality of the nation in order to achieve the spirit of bringing benefit and warding off corruption in some changing issues related to guarding religion and its lofty values. Third: The relationship between the religious institution and the civil authority in the perspective of Islamic political jurisprudence should be an integrative, cooperative and monitoring relationship in order to achieve the supreme goal of the existence of the authority, which is to bring the interest and ward off corruption to the Islamic community in the light of building security and social stability in order to preserve the protection of religion and worldly politics.
Crimes virtuais e direitos humanos
Authors: Dropa Romualdo Flávio
Published: December 2023

Avanço tecnológico e a popularização da internet trouxeram consigo uma série de benefícios, mas também desafios significativos no âmbito jurídico e social. Este artigo explora a complexa interseção entre os direitos humanos e os crimes de ódio cometidos no ambiente virtual, especialmente no contexto brasileiro. Abordamos os princípios constitucionais que regem a liberdade de expressão online e como eles se chocam com os crescentes casos de discurso de ódio, discriminação e preconceito na web. Analisamos, também, a legislação atual e as decisões judiciais relacionadas a crimes de ódio na internet, destacando a necessidade de uma abordagem equilibrada que proteja os direitos individuais sem sufocar a liberdade de expressão. O papel das plataformas online na moderação de conteúdo e as estratégias educacionais para formar cidadãos digitais conscientes são discutidos como possíveis soluções para este dilema. Concluímos ressaltando a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar e colaborativa, envolvendo legisladores, juristas, educadores e a própria sociedade, para garantir um ambiente online seguro, inclusivo e respeitoso para todos.
Migracja na granicy polsko-białoruskiej jako element wojny hybrydowej
Authors: Lorek Marlena , Wierzbicki Grzegorz , Więckiewicz Michał , Surowiecki Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

Migracja to proces wpisany w rozwój cywilizacji i wynika z wielu czynników, jednak najczęściej dzięki niemu ludzie będą mogli zaspokoić swoje najważniejsze potrzeby. Jeden z większych problemów migracyjnych, z jakimi boryka się Polska i inne kraje UE, został odnotowany w 2021 roku na granicy polsko-białoruskiej. Migracja manipulowana przez dyktatora białoruskiego ma za zadanie zdestabilizować porządek funkcjonowania państwa. Konflikt ten jest również wywoływany przez Rosję, co może wskazywać na to, iż jest to wojna hybrydowa. W publikacji została przedstawiona kwestia migracji i wojny hybrydowej jako nowego wyzwania dla krajów Unii Europejskiej
Wykorzystanie aktorów niepaństwowych przez Rosję w konflikcie syryjskim
Authors: Mazur Przemysław
Published: December 2023

Zaangażowanie Rosji w konflikcie syryjskim okazało się jednym z elementów szerszego planu uzyskania roli ważnego aktora w nowo powstającym ładzie międzynarodowym. Potencjał Rosji był jednak znacznie mniejszy niż innych mocarstw, potrzebowała zatem specyficznych narzędzi i metod innych niż główni konkurenci. Celem artykułu jest analiza, w jaki sposób Rosja wykorzystała podmioty niepaństwowe do budowy swojej pozycji w Syrii i środowisku międzynarodowym i jakie mogą być implikacje tych doświadczeń w przyszłości.
Wybory w obliczu pandemii Covid-19. Przykład wybranych państw Wspólnoty Karaibskiej i Wspólnego Rynku
Authors: Piękoś Karol
Published: December 2023

Jedną z podstaw współczesnych demokracji są wolne wybory. Światowa pandemia wirusa COVID-19 spowodowała, że w wielu państwach powstały liczne trudności związane z organizacją wyborów zarówno na szczeblu lokalnym, jak i centralnym. Problemy wynikające z ich przeprowadzenia dotyczyły również państw należących do Karaibskiej Wspólnoty i Wspólnego Rynku (CARICOM). Celem podjętych rozważań jest analiza wyborów w Gujanie, Trynidadzie i Tobago oraz Belize, które przeprowadzono w 2020 r., kiedy to świat zmagał się z pandemią COVID-19.
Wyboisty szlak elektronicznej demokracji. Internet jako wyzwanie dla koncepcji czwartej władzy
Authors: Porębski Leszek
Published: December 2023

Tekst jest analizą wpływu, jaki na realizację idei czwartej władzy wywarła rewolucja informacyjna. Skokowy wzrost dostępności informacji, związany z ekspansją internetu, zmienił kształt debaty publicznej i hierarchię uczestniczących w niej podmiotów. W efekcie wzrostowi możliwości manipulacji towarzyszy ograniczenie szans na weryfikację wiarygodności informacji i ich źródeł. Taka formuła komunikowania politycznego sprawia, że będąca istotą idei czwartej władzy kontrola władz publicznych jest w realiach rewolucji informacyjnej znacząco utrudniona.
Polen muss erledigt werden. Jak tajne służby Niemiec realizowały swe zadania w ramach antypolskiej polityki
Authors: Ćwięk Henryk
Published: December 2023

Niemcy weimarskie, nie uznając zachodnich granic Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej, nigdy nie pogodziły się ze skutkami klęski w I wojnie światowej. Dążyły do rewizji postanowień traktatu wersalskiego, odbudowy potencjału militarnego i odwetu. Republika Weimarska prowadziła rozległą działalność szpiegowską przeciwko Polsce. Istotną rolę w tym zakresie odgrywały nie tylko instytucje państwowe, lecz także prywatne oraz ugrupowania polityczne. Abwehra, realizując wytyczne najważniejszych władz wojskowych Niemiec, wykorzystywała do celów wywiadowczych swe placówki terenowe, które powstały przy dowództwach okręgów wojskowych. Jej rozbudowa wiązała się z poszerzeniem zakresu zainteresowań szpiegowskich. Rozpoznaniem i zwalczaniem wywiadu niemieckiego w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej zajmował się Oddział II Sztabu Generalnego (Głównego) Wojska Polskiego. Polski kontrwywiad na miarę posiadanych możliwości rozpracowywał działalność szpiegowską Niemiec. W artykule, opartym na materiałach archiwalnych, wykazano, że tajne służby Niemiec prowadziły w szerokim zakresie działalność szpiegowską przeciwko Polsce, których rozpoznanie było istotnym fragmentem przygotowań do działań zbrojnych.
Recesja polskiego prawa wyborczego na przykładzie głosowania korespondencyjnego
Authors: Kowalska Monika
Published: December 2023

Powszechnie przyjmuje się, że alternatywne metody głosowania, do których zalicza się głosowanie korespondencyjne, gwarantują pełniejszą realizację zasady powszechności wyborów i mają wpływ na zwiększenie frekwencji wyborczej. Nasz prawodawca na przestrzeni ponad dekady realizacji głosowania korespondencyjnego w Polsce zdawał się zauważać przede wszystkim jego ewentualne wady, deprecjonując zalety. Nie przeszkodziło to jednak w sytuacji pandemii 2020 r. instrumentalnie wykorzystać jego procedurę, udowadniając jednocześnie, jak może być ona użyteczna. Niestety, nie przyniosło to refleksji wśród polityków, iż należałoby na powrót wprowadzić powszechność głosowania korespondencyjnego. Podejmowane rozważania mają na celu przedstawienie poprzez analizę zmian przepisów prawa dotyczących głosowania korespondencyjnego regresu prawa wyborczego w zakresie ochrony praw wyborczych obywateli.
Cinema, Tolstoy, and the Black Hundreds.
Authors: Vera Ustyugova
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the history of the distribution of the cinematographic chronicle of Leo Tolstoy's farewell in 1910 in various cities of the Russian Empire. Film censorship in late imperial Russia proceeded from the circulars of the Holy Synod and was guided by the considerations of local authorities. Many films which were censored in Moscow (where the major film studios were concentrated) were blocked by local governors and police authorities. Both feature and documentary films of foreign and domestic origin were banned. Locations of cinemas, duration of screenings, and permissions to show movies during the Lent were controlled by the church. The funeral of the excommunicated writer was not held according to the Orthodox rite, filming was carried out by several film companies (Pate, A. Khanzhonkov, A. Drankov) and in a number of cities the screening of newsreels was prohibited. At the same time, in most places of the Russian Empire, cinematic screenings of Leo Tolstoy's funeral were held, causing a great public response. The article reveals why censorship in different places of the Russian Empire depended on the orders of local administrations, how the authorities in the provinces dealt with the demonstration of newsreels of the farewell to the writer, what was the reaction of the 'plebeian' society, what kind of film initiatives were available from the Black Hundred organizations, and a special case of demonstrating the Tolstoy-related program in Perm is also considered. The analysis of the film press, provincial newspapers and documents of the Perm archives leads to the conclusion that the films about Leo Tolstoy, which were sensational for film studios, distributors and exhibitors, allowed for release by the Police Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, have caused alarm and resistance from local authorities. At the same time, the Tolstoy Days were an important event not only for the capital, but also for provincial, district towns, for various social and textual communities. The Days in memory of the writer, organized by cinematic theaters, were an indicator of civic solidarity in the Russian society in the late imperial period.
From the Enemy to the Deluded: Soviet Representations of Images of Evangelical Believers.
Authors: Vera Kliueva
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the formation of the image of a sectarian (which means evangelical believers), carried out within the framework of anti-religious propaganda in the Soviet Union. The concept of "sectarian" in the state-public discourse was initially loaded with a negative meaning. The analysis of texts focused on criticism of Evangelical-Baptist believers and Pentecostals allows us to identify ideas about the religious life in the Soviet Union and the mentality of the society and the principles of interaction of various social groups. The image of a dissident believer who did not fall within the framework of recognized religiosity was constructed and supported by the efforts of state ideology through the education system and the media. The research question of the article is devoted to identifying the evolution of the image of evangelical believers in the public space and the dynamics of changes in the components of the image of believers throughout the Soviet period. Antireligious and atheistic publications played a special role in creating a certain perception system. Soviet propaganda replicated a stable set of qualities attributed to the so-called "sectarians". This set included the following qualities: ideological alienation, anti-Soviet views, espionage, religious extremism, pacifism, raising children within the anti-Soviet ideology. In the 1970s and 80s, the concept of "religious extremism" was added accusing those who ignored legitimation (refusing to register or not complying with it). Some religion researchers have tried to change the attitude both to the evangelical believers themselves and to the concept of "sectarians" used. The shift of emphasis in the interpretation of the image of a believer became possible in the 1960s, when the concept of "sects" was introduced into the space of science as neutral. Despite repeated attempts to present believers as part of Soviet reality, negative connotations regarding evangelical believers have become firmly entrenched in the Soviet public consciousness. The sources for the article were a variety of textbooks for propagandists and agitators; atheistic reference and scientific publications devoted to the history of religion and atheism, as well as regional (West Siberian) newspapers, reports of local branches of the Union of Militant Atheists, operational notes of the NKVD/KGB were used to illustrate certain provisions.