bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND AlxTi – ARE PROMISING MATERIAL FOR HIGH ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (review) Part 1. The crystaline structure and properties of the intermetallic compound Al2Ti
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Nochovnaya N.A. , Ivanov V.I. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Avilochev L.Yu. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: March 2021

The Al2Ti intermetallic compound is the most promising base for high-temperature alloys designed for advanced power plants. This work provides an overview of the structures of binary alloys concerning to the Ti–Al system, as well as the phase transformation mechanisms and the peculiarities of plastic deformation of alloys. The alloys which phase composition is represented by a mixture of r-Al2Ti+γ-TiAl with a lamellar structure show anomalous mechanical properties depending on texture formation and grain size. These alloys possess increased strength and decreased plasticity at elevated temperatures.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF CASTABLE NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY WITH LOW DENSITY. Part 1
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Petrushin N.V. , Visik E.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Elyutin E.S. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: March 2021

The tendencies of advancement of nickel-based superalloys for casting blades of aircraft engines are considered. The durability of polycrystalline heat-resistant Nickel alloys of the VZhL12U type with variable content of alloying elements W, Mo, Cr, Co, Ti, Nb, Hf, and C at temperature 975 °C and stress 200 MPa was studied using the method of mathematical planning of the experiment. Based on the results of the research, concentration regression models of durability were constructed and the effect of Hf on the temperatures γ'-solvus, melting γ+γ' eutectic, solidus and liquidus of VZhL12U-type alloys was established.
ROBOTIC LAYING OUT OF PREPREGS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO TECHNOLOGY TO ATL AND AFP (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Timoshkov P.N. , Goncharov V.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Grigoreva L.N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Usacheva M.N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Hrulkov A.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: March 2021

With the growing use of composite materials, the automated production of parts using prepreg is gaining increasing interest. There are two main types of prepreg laying automation: Automated Tape Laying (ATL) and Automated Fiber placement (AFP). Both of these technologies are not always cost effective for all types of parts, and manual labor tends to be used to make complex parts with low production volumes. As an alternative to these two dominant automation solutions, there are 4 options for automated laying with manipulators.
A ORGANIZAÇÃO POLÍTICA DO PRECARIADO: similaridades e clivagens entre Brasil e Portugal
Authors: Trindade Hiago
Published: March 2021

Este artigo busca demarcar aspectos da organização política do precariado, demonstrando, sobretudo, algumas similaridades e clivagens entre Brasil e Portugal. Para tanto, utiliza pesquisa documental e revisão de literatura,estabelecendo diálogo com autores relevantes ao debate, a exemplo de Soeiro (2015), Braga (2017) e Antunes (2018). Conclui desvelando características relacionadas à possibilidade de articulação entre o precariado e os sindicatos, às lutas e demandas reivindicadas pelo segmento, bem como sobre o entendimento da condição de precarização a alastrar-se na sociedade contemporânea.Palavras-chave: Precariado. Trabalho. Organização política. Brasil. Portugal.THE PRECARIAT POLITICAL ORGANIZATION: similarities and clevages between Brazil and PortugalAbstractThis article seeks to demarcate aspects of the precariat's political organization, mainly by demonstrating some similarities and cleavages between Brazil and Portugal. To this end, we conducted documentary research and literature review,establishing dialogue with authors relevant to the debate, such as Soeiro (2015), Braga (2017) and Antunes (2018). Concludes by unveiling characteristics related to the possibility of articulation between the precariat and the unions, thestruggles and demands demanded by the segment, as well as the understanding of the precarious condition that is spreading in contemporary society.Keywords: Precariat. Work. Political organization. Brazil. Portugal.
ASCENSÃO E DECLÍNIO DO NEOLIBERALISMO NA AMÉRICA LATINA: o clamor da Praça da Dignidade impacta um continente
Authors: Araujo Ricardo Souza , Diligenti Marcos Pereira
Published: March 2021

Este artigo objetiva fazer um balanço histórico das políticas neoliberais na América Latina, a partir dos casos do Brasil e do Chile nas últimas quatro décadas. Valendo-se do método dialético e de análise bibliográfica, verifica que neoliberalismo impõe aos países dependentes a austeridade fiscal, a mercantilização dos direitos sociais; e a precarização das relações de trabalho. O Chile, após, décadas da imposição da constituição de Pinochet, tem passado por revoltas populares, o “estalido social”, que conduz o país a um novo plebiscito constitucional . Já no Brasil, o governo aplica uma profunda agenda de contrarreformas, que se agrava na pandemia, de modo a exercer uma política extermínio da população trabalhadora. Infere-se dessa investigação o esgotamento das políticas neoliberais e a necessidade histórica de superar umsistema que prioriza o lucro acima da vida humana.Palavras-chave: Neoliberalismo. Política social comparada. Trabalho. América Latina.ASCENSION AND RUIN OF NEOLIBERALISM IN LATIN AMERICA: the shout of Dignity Square shakes the continentAbstractThis article seeks to make a historical assessment of neoliberal policies in Latin America, based on the cases of Brazil and Chile in the last four decades. Based in the dialectical method and bibliographic analysis, the neoliberalism imposes on dependent countries the fiscal austerity, the commodification of social rights; and precarious labour relationships. After decades of the imposition of Pinochet's constitution, Chile, has gone through popular uprinsig, the “social outburst”, which leads the country to a new constitutional plebiscite. Meanwhile in Brazil, the government is applying a severe counter-reform agenda, which get worse in the pandemic, that results a policy of extermination of the working population. There is an exhaustion of neoliberal policies and the historical need to overcome a system that prioritizes profit over human life.Keywords: Neoliberalism. Compared social policy. Labor. Latin America.
Práctica pedagógica para el fortalecimiento del saber disciplinar, pedagógico y académico de los docentes en formación en biología
Authors: Coronado-Peña Jhorman Jesid , Builes-González Yeliza , Obando-Correal Nadia Lucía
Published: March 2021

This work aims to strengthen the disciplinary, pedagogical, and academic knowledge built by the future biology teachers while they are in the formation practice. This is a qualitative and interpretative study that gathers teacher’s planning sheets and pedagogical diaries where reflection and critical processes are recorded from events experienced by two future teachers in the study program of bachelor’s in biology and Environmental Education. These future teachers were doing their practice in a sixth-grade classroom at a high school in Armenia, Colombia. As a result, key aspects were uncovered and used to build a disciplinary, pedagogical, and academic knowledge that is grounded on the continuing self-reflection, before and after each teaching practice. This knowledge enables to identify educative problems, alternatives to them and how to find different ways to cope with them through critical positions and then set out possible strategies for the problem-solving.
Una propuesta de interacción por medio de una lista de verificación en línea para estudiantes de la escuela secundaria
Authors: Rodrigues de Souza Rita , Rodrigues de Souza Maria Aparecida
Published: March 2021

This article presents an online checklist tool intended to support the process of reading and (re)writing texts, and specifically the scientific research report. This article includes a discussion on the online interactions and proposes a checklist in the context of text production for the program PIBIC-EM (institutional program of scientific initiation scholarship for high school). As a result, this article presents the finished form of this instrument. It is concluded that the students must understand that writing is more than correcting any misspelling in a written text. It also includes the thinking and the efforts to obtain good grades at school or getting a job.
TRACING THE KINSHIP OF BRUCELLA SP. BY USINGA POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION TECHNIQUE WITH A SHORT PRIMER
Authors: Widyasari Difa , Pribadi Eko Sugeng , Pasribu Fachriyan Hasmi , Septiningtyas Widya , Adiputra Jati
Published: March 2021

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that has spread throughout the world and has an important impacton both human and animal health. The four species of Brucella that cause disease in humans are Brucellaabortus, B. suis, B. melitensis and B. canis, and B. melitensis as the most pathogenic species. This Researchused 46 samples were collected from Government Small Ruminants Abattoir in Bogor Regency. Thirty twospleen samples were examined by previous research and showed a positive result when were tested withCFT and PCR techniques, but sequencing has not yet been done. Fourteen serum and spleen samples wereexamined by the similar techniques. The Research aimed to determined the genetic relationship of Brucellasp. using a PCR technique with a specific short primer to B. mellitensis. Cloning technique was appliedpreviously to five PCR positive samples before sequencing. Cloning and sequencing result of the Sample91 showed higher homology to B. melitensis and B. abortus for 127 nucleotide lengths, 97.6% -100% and99.2% -100% respectively. In the phylogenic tree, the Sample 91 was part of B melitensis sequences 1, 2,and 3 with accession numbers LT962930.1 and LT962936.1, B abortus sequences 1 and 2 with accessionnumbers CP033079.1 and B. abortus sequence 1 with accession number CP034695.1. Sample of 95, 97, 7,and 13 have lower homologies than Sample 91.
TRACE ELEMENTS IN THE BLOOD COAGULATION SYSTEM IN ISCHEMIC STROKE: A CLINICAL STUDY
Authors:   Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Physics named after N.N. Semenova RAS, Klimenko L.L. , Deev A.I. ,   Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Physics named after N.N. Semenova RAS, Baskakov I.S. ,   Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Physics named after N.N. Semenova RAS, Budanova M.N. ,   Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Physics named after N.N. Semenova RAS, Zabirova A.H. ,   Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Uzhenceva M.S. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Mazilina A.N. ,   KН № 123 FMBA of Russia, Savostina M.S. ,   KН № 123 FMBA of Russia, Senko O.V. ,   Computing Center RAS, Kuznecova A.V. ,   Institute of Biochemical Physics. N.M. Emanuel RAS
Published: March 2021

The basis of the mechanism of ischemic brain tissue are hematological disorders. It is known that divalent ions influence the formation and structure of fibrin. In connection with this fact, a change in macro- and microelement balance serves as a marker of neurotrophic disturbances in the brain long before their clinical manifestations. The imbalance of metal-ligand homeostasis is an unfavorable background for the debut of ischemic stroke. In a multifactorial coagulation system, specific proteins - Protein C and D-dimers - occupy a key place. Many macro- and microelements are mediators of homeostasis and thrombosis: violations of elemental homeostasis are the molecular basis of the ischemic process. In a study conducted in a clinical setting, the combined dynamics of protein C and D-dimers and a complex of macro- and microelements are shown with a high degree of certainty. Using Spearman correlation analysis, reliable correlations were revealed between the concentrations of protein C, D-dimers and macro- and microelements in patients diagnosed with ischemic insult. In the final part of the mathematical processing of the results, multiple regression analysis was used, with the help of which a reliable relationship between protein C, a component of the blood coagulation system, and the concentration of a complex of macro- and microelements contributing to the central mechanism of etiopathogenesis of ischemic stroke is shown: R = 0.95938848, R2 = 0.92042626.
INFLUENCE OF ZINC ALIMENTARY TREATMENT ON NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL MOTOR BEHAVIOR OF RATS
Authors:   Pavlov Institute of Physiology Russian Academy of Science,, Yakimovskii A.F.
Published: March 2021

Chronic experiments were performed on rats to study the influence of prolonged acetic zinc alimentary treatment on normal (spontaneous movement in “open field and condition active avoidance reflex in “shuttle box”) and abnormal (choreomyoclonic hyperkinesia, produced by intrastriatal microinjections GABA-A receptors antagonist picrotoxin  2 mcg) motor behavior. 4 mg acetic zinc is used by rats with food ball once a day. 12 mg zinc сonsumption by rats per week did not affected on normal behavior. While 24 mg is produced smaller negative effects on rats reflex performance to 6570% correct responses (of total present during the experiment) but to improved condition avoidance behavior, violated by picrotoxinin rats and reduce the reproducibility of picrotoxin-induced choreo-mioclonic hyperkinesis (human Huntington disease hyperkinesis analog). The influence of zinc on motor behavior depending on its dose and mode of administration is discussed.
WATER QUALITY INDICATORS IN MINERAL SPRINGS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA
Authors:   Center for Testing and Examination of Natural Healing Resources of FSBI «NICC RK» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Parnaykova L.L. , Kekina Н.G. ,   Center for Testing and Examination of Natural Healing Resources of FSBI «NICC RK» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Dubovskoy A.V. ,   Center for Testing and Examination of Natural Healing Resources of FSBI «NICC RK» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Aseeva J.S. ,   Center for Testing and Examination of Natural Healing Resources of FSBI «NICC RK» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Shedlovskaya I.L. ,   Center for Testing and Examination of Natural Healing Resources of FSBI «NICC RK» of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: March 2021

Drinking mineral water is often used for therapeutic purposes, especially for treatment of the stomach, intestines, pancreas, liver, bile and urinary tract disorders. Mineral healing water is used for external (mineral baths) or internal use (inhalation, irrigation, douching, enema, drinking). At resorts, patients drink mineral water directly from springs. Bottling water ensures the preservation of the original composition and medicinal properties of samples. The authors evaluated the quality of mineral water from hard-to-reach areas of the Shumak Reserve, the Republic of Buryatia. Total water mineralization of samples was in the range 1.1 - 1.3 g/dm3, which indicates that Buriatia spring water belongs to natural-mineral table water group; It was established that the studied mineral water belongs to the hydro-carbonate-magnesium-calcium siliceous hydrochemical group (НСО3 85, Ca2+ 50-60, Mg2+ 30-50 equiv.%) with pH from 6.4 to 8.8. Among the balneologically active components of all water samples, silicon was in the range of 51.7 - 124.0 mg/dm3. The highest value was noted in spring No. 4 (“diabetes”) 124.0 ± 5.0 mg/dm3. Besides elevated levels of Si, all sprigs contained radioactive gas radon in concentrations between 33 to 1003 Bq/dm3. The highest radon content was found in spring No. 2: 1003 ± 119 Bq/dm3. This is higher than the threshold value of the content of a balneologically significant factor - 185 Bq/dm3 (5 nCi/dm3). Accordingly, water of spring No. 2, should be classified as low radon water and designed for external use.
Auriculoterapia como tratamento na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos servidores do CRAS de Blumenau-SC: estudo piloto
Authors: Devilla Júlia Dresch , Faht Milene Dinah , Cerutti Murilo Luiz , Cordova Caio Mauricio Mendes de , Valente Caroline
Published: March 2021

Introdução: Qualidade de vida reflete perspectivas individuais e coletivas, sendo influenciada pelos aspectos socioeconômicos, psicológicos e pelas experiências de cada indivíduo. Dessa forma, buscar práticas alternativas e complementares que auxiliem na manutenção dessa qualidade é de suma importância. Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade desta prática na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos servidores do Centro de Referências de Assistência Social (CRAS) do município de Blumenau-SC. Material e métodos: A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir da aplicação de dois questionários antes e após a realização do tratamento, a Versão Brasileira do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida – SF-36 e o Teste de Lipp – ISS. Foram realizadas 5 sessões de auriculoterapia com cada servidor. Os resultados de cada paciente foram analisados individualmente por meio de gráficos e discutidos entre si. Resultados: Ao analisar os resultados individuais de cada paciente, utilizando o Questionário de Qualidade de Vida – SF-36, percebe-se que 80% dos servidores apresentaram melhora em 4 ou mais dos 8 domínios. O paciente 1, 3 e 5 apresentarem melhora em 50% dos domínios. O paciente 4 apresentou melhora somente em 2 domínios e o paciente 2 foi o que obteve o efeito mais expressivo, melhora em 6 dos 8 domínios.  Os resultados encontrados ao fim do tratamento foram positivos, tanto quando se analisou os pacientes individualmente quanto em relação a cada domínio do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida – SF-36. Conclusões: Qualidade de vida reflete perspectivas individuais e coletivas, sendo influenciada pelos aspectos socioeconômicos, psicológicos e pelas experiências de cada indivíduo. Dessa forma, buscar práticas complementares que auxiliem na manutenção dessa qualidade é de suma importância.
Síndrome coronariana aguda segundo estação do ano: embasado na medicina tradicional chinesa
Authors: Martins Eleine Aparecida Penha , Ribeiro Beatriz Maria Dos Santos Santiago , Q. Moreira Denise Veloso
Published: March 2021

Objetivos: conhecer a estação do ano que acomete a síndrome coronariana aguda. Métodos: A coleta de dados foi realizada em um hospital público terciário no sul do Brasil, por meio de busca ativa diária de todos os pacientes que internaram como diagnóstico de síndrome coronariana aguda no período de março de 2012 a maio de 2013. Resultados: Tiveram 94 pacientes que desenvolveram síndrome coronariana no período de coleta. Destes 43, 9% (n=40) apresentaram a síndrome coronariana aguda na estação verão. O maior percentual deste evento ocorreu na faixa etária de 61 a 70 anos (20,87%), no gênero masculino e o feminino na idade de 81 a 87 anos com 50%. Os dois gêneros tiveram maior incidência no verão. Chama a atenção que entre as idades de 41 e 50 anos e 51 e 60 anos o gênero feminino foi mais acometido com a circunstância da síndrome coronariana no verão representado por 14,28% e 12,08% respectivamente.  Considerações finais: A síndrome coronariana ocorreu com maior frequência na estação verão tanto em homens como em mulheres.
Uma síntese da concepção de saúde-adoecimento com base no funcionalismo orgonômico de Wilhelm Reich
Authors: Bissoli Neto Francisco , Dalcanale Tesser Charles
Published: March 2021

Introdução: O tema do presente artigo é a concepção de saúde-adoecimento com base no funcionalismo orgonômico, a metodologia de investigação científico-natural desenvolvida por Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957), a qual se baseia em pressupostos energéticos e em propriedades investigadas por esse pesquisador nas manifestações da energia orgone. Objetivo: O objetivo principal desse ensaio é realizar uma descrição acerca da concepção de saúde-adoecimento presente na obra reichiana. Método: Trata-se de um estudo teórico-descritivo e hermenêutico. As fontes de pesquisa foram documentais e bibliográficas: livros e artigos produzidos por Reich e seus seguidores, que compõem o eixo clínico-terapêutico de sua obra. Resultados: A concepção orgonômica sobre saúde-adoecimento articula-se em torno de conceitos-chave presentes na obra do referido autor, podendo-se citar: a potência orgástica, o encouraçamento, a noção de emoção como impulsos primários e secundários, a energia orgone, a sua função de pulsação e as suas perturbações e os seus bloqueios. Considerações finais: Wilhelm Reich deixou um legado que, ao nosso ver, merece ser mais explorado cientificamente, sobretudo, porque suas teorias, métodos, técnicas e experimentos geraram, em certa medida, a construção de concepções e conceitos coerentes internamente e explorados por seus seguidores, sobre a saúde e o adoecimento, e, via de consequência, o desenvolvimento de saberes, técnicas e perspectivas que podem auxiliar na prevenção e no tratamento de vários problemas de saúde.
Effect of Yoga on Pulse rate and Oxygen Saturation: Analysis of Psychophysiological Parameters
Authors: Malhotra Varun , Takare Avinash , Bharshankar Rajay , Mishra Shweta , Ravi Naveen
Published: March 2021

Introduction Pranayamic breathing is a process of continuous, regularity of inhalation, holding of breath and exhalation. All venous blood is converted to oxygenated blood . However, does deep breathing in which oxygen is inhaled in large amounts increase oxygen saturation or does the saturation decrease due to anaerobic metabolism associated with yoga? Does the psycho-physiological parameters of stress index, power, vegetative index & regulation, neurohumoral regulation, psycho-emotional state, energy resources, complex index, harmonization, biological age and energies in the spine get affected a"er a yogic intervention? Methods 52 subjects of age range from 15-70 years performed “Yoga module for the Healthy Heart” for 45 minutes at AYUSH, AIIMS, Bhopal. Pulse rate and oxygen saturation was measured by pulse oximeter a"er initial rest of ten minutes and a"er 45 minutes of yoga. A pilot study was conducted using the DINAMIKA HRV for ten yogic practitioner who were regular in their practice for last 10-15 years. #eir psycho-physiological parameters were measured before and a"er their yogicroutine of 35 to 40 minutes by Dinamika Heart rate variability (HRV) instrument. Results #e readings were analysed using paired t test. #epulse rate dropped from 81.98 ± 13.05 to is 74.98 ± 11.64 at p value <0.0001 indicating a shi" towards parasympathetic dominance. Oxygen saturation dropped from 97.40 +/- 1.11 to 97.21 +/- 1.30 at p value of 0.2736, indicating a shi" to anaerobic metabolism during yoga practice #e psychophysiological parameters of pulse rate, stress index, power, vegetative index & regulation, neurohumoral regulation, psycho-emotional state, energy resources, complex index, harmonization, biological age and energies in the spine were statistically significant post yogic intervention. By the power of will the yogic practitioner is able to draw cosmic energy in the spine which helps to renew it. #e mind is able to overcome strong physical distractions, the body is relaxed and calm. Relaxation is achieved by stilling of muscles, calming and slowing down the activity of heart, respiration and circulation.
The Special Corps of Railway Troops’ command and control staff training in the Moscow Military Railway School (1932–1941)
Authors: Lapay Denis S.
Published: March 2021

The study is devoted to the Moscow Military Railway School activities in the command and control staff qualifying for the Special Corps of Railway Troops during its existence from 1932 to 1941. The relevance of the research is due to the lack of the issues of construction and training studies of the Special Railway Corps military personnel and the little studied aspects of command and control staff training in the Moscow Military Railway School during the period of Russian historiography. Factor analysis of justification of Railway School foundation historical necessity is carried out. We reveal the main activities of the military authorities, management and teaching staff of the school to train specialists for the Railway troops of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army. The experience of deploying the material and training base of the military school within a limited time frame is analyzed. The specificities of the school’s variable staffing system are also noted. The background for the school establishment discontinuing is analyzed, and the conclusion is drawn that this reorganization in March 1941 on the eve of the Great Patriotic War is unjustified, as well as the need to restore historical memory of the school.
Organizational and pedagogical conditions for global citizenship education in the process of foreign language teaching of bachelors in humanities
Authors: Sherekhova Olga M.
Published: March 2021

Since the launch of the UN Secretary-General’s Global Education First Initiative
(GEFI) in 2012 global citizenship education including the formation of the younger generation’s readiness to live in a “universal world” has been one of the modern education priorities. Having analyzed scientific research in the field of global citizenship, the international experience of global citizenship education, as well as the current situation in the world, we substantiate the need for the global citizenship formation among university students. We define the organizational and peda-gogical conditions for the global citizenship education of bachelors of humanities in the foreign language education process. We believe that for the successful implementation of this goal, the teacher must be aware of the need for global citizenship education, possess knowledge related to the phenomenon of global citizenship, which will allow him/her to effectively manage the learning process and interact with students. It is also very important to create the environment that provides an atmosphere of cooperation, active behavior, and broad scope for initiative, where intersubjective relationships based on mutual respect, mutual trust, and acceptance of each other as values are of primary importance. We describe the experience of integrating the course “Facing Global Challenges” into the process of foreign language education. It provides an understanding of global governance structures, the Sustainable Development Goals, the importance of the connection between global, national and local systems and processes. It has been proved that systematic use of innovative teaching methods will contribute to the development of students’ global thinking, the development of skills, values and attitudes necessary for active interaction in solving global challenges to humanity.
Some theoretical issues of assessment in modern stage of foreign language teaching development
Authors: Stepanova Natalia A.
Published: March 2021

Assessment is an essential component of the training system. In teaching a foreign language, control occupies a special place due to the complexity of the subject itself for study and the variety of the developed theoretical base. Analysis of the methodic literature on this issue has shown that many terms, especially foreign ones, are interpreted by researchers in different ways. In order to clarify the concepts, we consider traditional definitions of assessment, as well as related terms: “evaluating” and “evaluation”. Clarified and explained English terms, based on the ambiguity of their translation into Russian. To develop the methodic thinking of teachers, some teaching theories are presented and their connection with assessment is shown. Based on the analysis and comparison of learning theories, an explanation is given for three assessment approaches. The first approach looks at learning control and its advantages and disadvantages. This approach, which offers the idea of “assessment-measurement”, is contrasted with another direction in the theory of control. This direction combines “teaching” approaches to assessment: assessment for training and assessment as training. An explanation of these approaches is given, as well as the principles underlying them. The necessity of applying the above theoretical knowledge for methodically competent teaching of a foreign language is substantiated.
La jurisprudencia existente acerca de la indumentaria del trabajador y otros elementos que afectan a su aspecto e imagen externa durante el trabajo
Authors: Sala Franco Tomás
Published: March 2021

Partiendo de la doctrina del “equilibrio de derechos” del Tribunal Constitucional sobre la solución de los conflictos de concurrencia entre derechos constitucio­nales, se analiza la jurisprudencia de los principales Tribunales acerca del con­flicto entre la libertad de empresa y el derecho a la propia imagen del trabajador en relación la indumentaria de éste en el trabajo.
Das Elterngeld und seine Wirkungen auf das Haushaltseinkommen junger Familien und die Erwerbstätigkeit von Müttern
Authors: Geyer Johannes , Haan Peter , Spieß C. Katharina , Wrohlich Katharina
Published: March 2021

In 2007, Germany introduced a new parental leave benefit scheme, the so-called “Elterngeld”. The new benefit is an income-related transfer and is granted for a maximum period of 14 months. The more generous, but shorter Elterngeld replaced the former means-tested flat rate benefit that could be drawn for up to 24 months. One of the aims of the reform was to smooth household income in the year after childbirth and another to increase the incentives to return quickly to the labour market. In this study, we analyse empirically the change in income in the first year after birth and the effect of increasing incentives for mothers to return to the labour market in the second year after childbirth. We find that the average increase of net household income of families with a child in the first year after birth amounts to 480 euro per month. With respect to labour supply, we show that in the first year after childbirh, mothers’ labour supply decreases. In the second year labour supply of mothers in East Germany and low-income mothers in both parts of Germany increases.

Zusammenfassung

Mit der Einführung des Elterngeldes im Jahr 2007 beabsichtigte die Bundesregierung die Bedingungen für Familien mit jungen Kindern zu verbessern. Die neue familienpolitische Leistung hatte mehrere Ziele, von denen in diesem Beitrag drei zentrale untersucht werden: Zum Ersten sollte für Eltern in der Frühphase der Elternschaft ein Schonraum geschaffen werden. Zum Zweiten ist es ein erklärtes Ziel des Elterngeldes, es beiden Elternteilen zu ermöglichen, ihre wirtschaftliche Existenz eigenständig zu sichern, und drittens soll die Erwerbstätigkeit von Müttern gefördert werden. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand einer empirischen Wirkungsstudie überprüft, ob diese Ziele erreicht wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Familien im ersten Jahr nach der Geburt durch das Elterngeld durchschnittlich etwa 480 Euro im Monat mehr haben als vor seiner Einführung. Außerdem zeigt sich, dass die Erwerbstätigkeit von Müttern in diesem Zeitraum zurückgegangen ist. Mütter mit Kindern im zweiten Lebensjahr haben aufgrund der Einführung des Elterngeldes eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, in den Beruf zurückzukehren.
Influence of intrafamilial abuse in children's change of values towards their parents
Authors: Clemente Miguel , Padilla-Racero Dolores
Published: March 2021

The socialization that parents and society exercise on children instills in them a set of values towards parents. Some of these values are not lying, feeling affection for the parents, and wanting to have contact with them. In this work, we attempt to determine whether these values change in the face of intrafamilial abuse.  To that end, an incidental sample was used, consisting of 2730 minors aged between 6 to 18 years, who had never suffered abuse. They were asked to put themselves in the place of the main character of a story. The story varied depending on the conditions to be studied: observation and direct suffering or account of the abuse by another, type of abuse (physical or psychological), who perpetrated the abuse (custodian or non-custodial), and who received it (the other custodian or the minor). The results show that, as a rule, children lie to conceal both parents’ abusive behavior; they love their parents and want to have contact with them, even in the presence of abuse. Notwithstanding that in the presence of abuse by one of their parents, children still love them and want to have contact with both parents, a significant number of children, however, stop loving them or want to have contact with the abusive parent. These results undermine what is defended by theories like PAS with no scientific evidence, and underline the need to use scientific procedures to test the reliability of minors’ testimony based on the idea that children tell the truth.
Hausarbeit in Partnerschaften – die Rolle von Präferenzstrukturen. Ein innovativer Ansatz zur Erklärung von Verteilungsmustern
Authors: Buchebner-Ferstl Sabine
Published: March 2021

The findings presented in this article have emerged from the qualitative study “The glass partitioning wall” (an analogue to the well known “glass ceiling”) in which 40 Austrian couples with at least one child (aged six or younger) have been interviewed about their division of housework. Based on the results, a well-grounded theoretical explanation model for the division of housework could be developed. The leading factors of the model are internal factors, the „preferences“, of the partners, which include “gender equity in the division of tasks”, “perceived competence in household (or family) tasks” and “standards for household tasks”. In the qualitative study on the individual level as well as on the partnership-level specific patterns in couples’ attitudes could be identified. For example, a high degree of perceived own competences for household tasks is mostly attended by high and elaborated standards.

Zusammenfassung

Die hier vorgestellten Ergebnisse sind aus der qualitativen Studie „The glass partitioning wall“ (in Anlehnung an den Begriff der „glass ceiling“) hervorgegangen, in der 40 österreichische Paare mit mindestens einem Kind unter sechs Jahren zur Aufgabenverteilung im Haushalt befragt wurden. Auf dieser Grundlage konnte ein fundiertes theoretisches Modell der Arbeitsteilung im Haushalt entwickelt werden. Den zentralen Bestandteil des Modells bilden internale Faktoren, so genannte Präferenzen der Partner, die als Verteilungsüberzeugungen, Kompetenzüberzeugungen und Gestaltungsprinzipien in Erscheinung treten. In der qualitativen Studie ließen sich sowohl auf der Ebene des Individuums als auch auf Paarebene typische Muster identifizieren, die jeweils durch eine spezifische Konstellation hinsichtlich der Präferenzen gekennzeichnet sind. So gehen etwa hohe Kompetenzzuschreibungen an die eigene Person zumeist mit höheren Ansprüchen und sehr konkreten Gestaltungsprinzipien einher.
Der aktuelle Forschungsstand zum Zusammenhang zwischen Erwerbstätigkeit und Fertilität bei Frauen
Authors: Schröder Jette , Pforr Klaus
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the state of research regarding the question whether there is a causal relationship between women’s employment and fertility and which direction causality takes. Existing macrolevel studies cannot answer this question because of omitted covariates and potential ecological fallacy. Longitudinal analyses at the micro level show a negative effect of current employment on the transition rate to another child. However, it is likely that the reason for this effect is selfselection, instead of a causal relationship. Regarding the impact of fertility on employment, studies at the micro level show a negative causal effect. Nevertheless, the exact quantification of this negative effect remains problematic, which is again due to possible self-selection.

Zusammenfassung

Der Beitrag stellt den Forschungsstand zur Frage dar, inwieweit in westlichen Industrieländern ein kausaler Zusammenhang zwischen der Erwerbstätigkeit und der Fertilität von Frauen besteht und in welche Richtung die Kausalität verläuft. Vorliegende Makrostudien können die Frage nach dem kausalen Zusammenhang zwischen Erwerbstätigkeit und Fertilität aufgrund fehlender Drittvariablenkontrolle und der Möglichkeit eines ökologischen Fehlschlusses nicht klären. Längsschnittsanalysen auf der Mikroebene zeigen einen negativen Effekt von gegenwärtiger Erwerbstätigkeit auf die Übergangsrate zu einem (weiteren) Kind. Es besteht jedoch der Verdacht, dass es sich bei diesem Effekt nicht um einen Kausaleffekt handelt, sondern um einen Selbstselektionseffekt. Auf Grundlage von Längsschnittsstudien zum Einfluss der Fertilität auf die Erwerbstätigkeit kann hingegen geschlossen werden, dass die Fertilität einen kausalen Effekt auf die Erwerbstätigkeit hat. Problematisch bleibt allerdings – wiederum aufgrund möglicherweise vorliegender Selbstselektion – die genaue Quantifizierung dieses Effekts.
The consequences of work-family conflict in families on the behavior of the child
Authors: Van den Eynde Annelies , Claessens Elke , Mortelmans Dimitri
Published: March 2021

The balancing act between work and family life can be a challenge that affects both the parents and other members of a family. This study investigates the effect of a parent’s experience of work-family conflict on the behavior of the child. Parental well-being and parenting act as mediators, as previous studies have suggested that this relationship does not run directly. Data from 969 children in the Pairfam database were analyzed using structural equation modelling. The results reveal that both directions of work-family conflict (WIF and FIW) have a negative impact on parental well-being, and only the specific negative spillover from family to work (FIW) influencing parenting performance. In addition, although good levels of well-being and adequate parenting have a positive influence on the behavior of children, the specific spillover effects from work responsibilities to the family (WIF) are apparently unrelated to parenting.
Banking sector competitiveness
Authors: Liyanagamage Champika
Published: March 2021

Despite core banking, banks also engage in off-balance-sheet (OBS) market activities. In many developed banking industries, OBS activities have grown to be significant during the last two decades. This paper provides rather scarce evidence on the competitiveness among banks for OBS activities and its impact on the degree of banking sector competition in Sri Lanka. Panzar-Ross H statistic approach employing in this study to estimate bank competition used a comprehensive set of bank-level data of the whole commercial banking sector in Sri Lanka covering the period 1996-2018. The first-round analysis of the study uncovers substantial differences among banks concerning the OBS activities. EGLS panel estimation procedure applied in this study provides evidence for a lower level of competitiveness among Sri Lankan banks for OBS activities. More interestingly, the findings further reveal that the degree of competitiveness for OBS activities has a significant positive impact on the overall competitiveness of the banking sector in Sri Lanka.  These results suggest banking institutions re-visit their business models with greater emphasis on nonconventional banking activities in enhancing bank-level efficiency and hence positively contributing to the overall competitiveness of the banking sector.
Consumer perceptions of real-time marketing used in campaigns for retail businesses
Authors: Kallier Tar Safura M. , A Wiid Johannes
Published: March 2021

This research empirically investigates consumers’ perception of real-time marketing as a marketing tool that is increasingly being used by businesses. Based on the review of literature, the paper aims to delve into real-time marketing and explore the elements of real-time marketing that influence consumers' perception of RTM campaigns. This study adopted a quantitative methodology. A total of 201 consumers completed an online survey in Gauteng, South Africa. To identify underlying factors that influence the consumer's perception of various real-time marketing campaigns, exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Descriptive statistic was used to provide a further summary of the basic characteristics of the sample. The research findings indicate that consumers value real-time marketing communication campaigns that offer value. Consumers' perception of value includes any real-time marketing campaign that offers some financial gain in the form of immediate and personalized discounts. This research provides retailers with a greater understanding of what consumers perceive as valuable and what they regard as clutter when it comes to real-time marketing campaigns
Investigations on Dynamical Stability in 3D Quadrupole Ion Traps
Authors: Mihalcea Bogdan , Lynch Stephen
Published: March 2021

We firstly discuss classical stability for a dynamical system of two ions levitated in a 3D Radio-Frequency (RF) trap, assimilated with two coupled oscillators. We obtain the solutions of the coupled system of equations that characterizes the associated dynamics. In addition, we supply the modes of oscillation and demonstrate the weak coupling condition is inappropriate in practice, while for collective modes of motion (and strong coupling) only a peak of the mass can be detected. Phase portraits and power spectra are employed to illustrate how the trajectory executes quasiperiodic motion on the surface of torus, namely a Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser (KAM) torus. In an attempt to better describe dynamical stability of the system, we introduce a model that characterizes dynamical stability and the critical points based on the Hessian matrix approach. The model is then applied to investigate quantum dynamics for many-body systems consisting of identical ions, levitated in 2D and 3D ion traps. Finally, the same model is applied to the case of a combined 3D Quadrupole Ion Trap (QIT) with axial symmetry, for which we obtain the associated Hamilton function. The ion distribution can be described by means of numerical modeling, based on the Hamilton function we assign to the system. The approach we introduce is effective to infer the parameters of distinct types of traps by applying a unitary and coherent method, and especially for identifying equilibrium configurations, of large interest for ion crystals or quantum logic.
Parallel Simulation of a Multi-Span DWDM System Limited by FWM Using OpenMP and Dynamic Parallelism in CUDA
Authors: Sanchez-Lara Rafael , Lopez-Martinez Jose Luis , Trejo-Sanchez Joel Antonio , Offerhaus Herman Leonard , Alvarez-Chavez Jose Alfredo
Published: March 2021

One of the non-linear phenomena that affect high bandwidth and long reach communication systems is the non-linear phenomenon called four-wave mixing (FWM). Unfortunately, the simulation of such systems aiming to obtain their design parameter limitations require more time as the number of channels increases. In this paper, we propose a new high-performance computational model to obtain optimal design parameters in a multi san Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) system, limited by FWM and the intrinsic Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) noise of optical amplifiers employed in each segment. The simulation in this work provides a complete optical design characterization and compares the efficiency and speed improvement of the proposed parallelization model versus a previous sequential model. Additionally, an analysis of the computational complexity of parallel model is presented, where two parallel implementations are used. First, Open Multi−Processing (OpenMP), based on the use of a central, multi-core processing unit is used and secondly the Compute Unified Device Arquitecture (CUDA), which is based on the use of graphics processing unit. Results show that parallelism improves to up to 40 times the performance of the simulation when nested parallelization with CUDA is used, over de sequential method and up to 6 times compared with the implementation with OpenMP using 12 processors. Within our parallel implementation, it is possible to simulate with an increased number of channels, that was unpractical in the sequential simulation.
Bioactive Compounds in Leucocalocybe mongolica Pharmacological and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Haiying Bao , Zahid Muhammad Toseef , Zaki Asmaa Hussein
Published: March 2021

Medicinal mushrooms have got much attention from biologists in the last decades. Leucocalocybe mongolica Imai remains one of the famous clinical and edible mushrooms used in traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine to treat various diseases. It also commonly consumes in Chinese and Mongolian daily dishes. Numerous biochemical components exist in L. mongolica, especially in the fruiting bodies include; polysaccharides, sterol, lectins, laccase, amino acids, terpenes, volatile compounds, and so on. These biomedical components possess a lot of medicinal properties and provide diverse therapeutical effects for human health, such as anti-tumor activity, antiproliferative activity, anti-diabetes properties, hypotensive effect, hepatoprotective effect, antioxidant activity, cardioprotective effect, and so on. However, this review's main objectives are to illustrate some basics about the bioactive components in L. mongolica and its pharmacological effects on the human body. In addition to giving forward some suggestions for future research on this medicinal mushroom.
Comparative Effects of Calorie Restriction on Health Span and Insulin Resistance: Classic Calorie Restriction Diet vs Ketosis-Inducing Diet
Authors: Napoleão Ana , Fernandes Lívia , Miranda Cátia , Marum Ana Paula
Published: March 2021

As Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (CNCD) increase, preventive approaches become more crucial. In this review, Calorie Restriction (CR) effects on human beings were evaluated, comparing benefits and risks of different CR diets: classic CR vs ketosis-inducing diets, including Intermittent Fasting (IF), Classic Ketogenic Diet (CKD), Fasting Mimicking Diet (FMD), Very-Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) and Spanish Ketogenic Mediterranean Diet (SKMD). Special emphasis on Insulin Resistance (IR) was placed, as it mediates Metabolic Syndrome (MS), a risk factor for CNCD, and predicts MS diagnosis. CR is the most robust intervention known to increase lifespan and health span, with high evidence and known biochemical mechanisms. CR improves cardiometabolic risk parameters, boosts exercise insulin sensitivity response, and there may be benefits of implementing moderate CR on healthy young and middle-aged individuals. However, there is insufficient evidence to support long-term CR. CKD is effective for weight and MS management, and may have additional benefits such as prevention of muscle loss and appetite control. SKMD has extreme significance benefits for all the metabolic parameters studied. Studies show inconsistent benefits of IF compared to classic CR. More studies are required to study biochemical parameters, reinforce evidence, identify risks, and seek effective and safe nutritional CR approaches.