bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gazzâlî’nin İhyâ’sında Hz. Ali’nin Tasavvufa Kaynaklık Eden Sözleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Akkaya Muhammed Veysel
Published: December 2024

Hazreti Ali İslâmî ilimlerin hemen her alanına, söylediği hikmetli sözleriyle kaynaklık eden büyük bir sahâbîdir. Tasavvuf ilminde de sûfîler, onu yollarının öncüsü olarak takdim ederler. Tasavvufun temelini oluşturan makamlar hakkında ilk tasnif yapanın Hazreti Ali olduğunu belirtirler. İmam Gazzâlî İhyâü Ulûmi’d-Dîn adlı eserinde incelediği konuların hemen hepsinde, Hazreti Ali'nin sözlerine yer verip açıklamalar yaparak ilmî öncülüğünü ortaya koyar. İhyâ tasavvuf ilmi açısından diğer tasavvuf klasikleri ile karşılaştırıldığında Hz. Ali’nin sözlerine yer verme hususunda başta yer alır. Hz. Ali’nin tasavvuf ilmine mesnet olabilecek sözleri ile ilgili müstakil bir araştırmanın olmaması bizi tasavvuf klasikleri içerisinde sözlerinin en çok yer aldığı İhyâ bağlamında bir çalışma yapmaya sevk etmiştir. Bu makalede Hz. Ali'nin İhyâ'daki tasavvufa kaynaklık teşkil eden sözlerini Gazzâlî’nin hangi tasavvufî konularla irtibatlandırdığı ve nasıl değerlendirdiği incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sûfîlerce Hz. Ali’nin tasavvuf ilminin öncüsü olduğu iddiasının ne derece ispatlanabilir olduğu açısından önemli olduğunu düşünüyoruz. Makalede Hz. Ali’nin tasavvuf ilmi ile ilgili sözlerinden Gazzâlî gibi diğer büyük mutasavvıfların ne kadar etkilendiklerine örneklik etmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada söylem analizi ve metin tahlili yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Hz. Ali tasavvufta bilgi kaynağı olarak görülen bâtın ilmi hususunda kalbine işaret ederek orada bulunan ilimden bahsetmiş, Gazzâlî de bu ilmin ancak mücâhede ve amelle öğrenilebileceğini belirtmiştir. Kur’ân tilâvetinde Hz. Ali bâtınî okuyuş tarzı olarak tedebbüre dikkat çekmiş ve Kur’ân’ı fehmetmeye teşvik etmiştir. Gazzâlî Kur’ân tilâvetinde bâtınî şartları sayarken tefehhümden de bahsetmiştir. Fehmin öğrenmekle değil kalb ile keşfî olacağını belirtmiştir. Ayrıca fehmin hikmetle doğrudan ilişkisine değinmiştir. Hz. Ali’nin hikmetli sözlerinin bu kaynaktan geldiği anlaşılmaktadır. Makalede sonuç olarak Hz. Ali’nin tasavvufun temel konularından bâtın ilmi, nefs, kalp, zühd, sabır, üns, uzlet ve ihlas hakkında çok önemli görüşleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Hazreti Ali’nin bu sözleri onun tefsir, fıkıh ve hadis ilminde olduğu gibi tasavvuf ilminde de en başta gelen sahâbî olduğunu gözler önüne sermektedir.
L’algorithme : pourquoi et comment le définir pour l'enseigner
Authors: Beffara Emmanuel
Published: December 2024

The question of the definition of what is an algorithm is recurrent. It is found in teaching, at different levels and particularly in secondary education because of the recent evolutions in high school, with immediate consequences in higher education. It is found in mediation, with the different meanings that the word “algorithm” is charged with in the media space. It is also found in research, with issues in different branches of computer science, from foundations in computability and complexity to applications in big data. Beyond the issue of definition, it is the raison d’être of the notion of algorithm that should be questioned: what do we want to do with it and what is at stake? It is by trying to specify this that we can identify didactic elements that are likely to help teach the algorithm, in interaction with mathematics or not, and to different audiences.

La question de la définition de ce qu’est un algorithme est récurrente. Elle se trouve dans l’enseignement, à différents niveaux et singulièrement le secondaire du fait des évolutions récentes au collège et au lycée, avec des conséquences immédiates dans le supérieur. Elle se trouve dans la médiation, avec les différents sens dont le mot « algorithme » est chargé dans l’espace médiatique. Elle se trouve aussi dans la recherche, avec des enjeux dans différentes branches de l’informatique, depuis les fondements en calculabilité et complexité jusqu’aux applications dans le traitement des données massives. Au delà du problème de la définition, c’est la raison d’être de la notion d’algorithme qu’il convient de questionner : que veut-on en faire et de quels enjeux est-elle le nom ? C’est en cherchant à préciser cela que l’on peut identifier les éléments didactiques susceptibles d’enseigner l’algorithme, en interaction avec les mathématiques ou pas et à différents publics.
Workshop dan Pelatihan Kreativitas dalam Pelayanan Anak terhadap Mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Teologi ATI
Authors: Blegur Romelus , Atty Sonya Debora , Eusun Eusun , Kim Doye , Yanti Yanti , Marlita Leni
Published: December 2024

Creativity is fundamental in teaching children, because generally children's understanding is formed through teaching and activities through means or things that interest them, for example pictures, videos, props, movements and songs, as well as other activities. The problem is that creativity in teaching children is not easy both in terms of human resources (teachers) and the facilities used (preparation and use of teaching aids). These obstacles are also faced by STT ATI students in dealing with service routines that demand new creativity and innovation. Starting from this, Community Service through creativity workshops in serving children was carried out. The aim of this activity is to equip STT ATI students to serve children creatively in order to build their understanding effectively and efficiently. The methods used in this Community Service activity are lectures, training and presentation of training results. The result of this activity is that students understand the importance of creativity in serving children, they are able to make props from simple and easily available materials, and through this activity students' creativity is also increased to carry out new innovations in teaching children. These PkM activities make an important contribution to students in preparing themselves to serve children and the church as the context for their service.
 
Kreativitas merupakan hal mendasar dalam mengajar anak, sebab umummya pemahaman anak terbentuk melalui pengajaran dan aktivitas melalui sarana atau hal-hal yang menarik minat mereka, misalnya gambar, video, alat peraga, gerak dan lagu, serta aktivitas lainnya. Persoalannya adalah bahwa kreativitas dalam mengajar anak tidaklah mudah baik dari segi sumber daya manusia (pengajar) maupun sarana yang digunakan (persiapan dan penggunaan alat peraga). Kendala itu pun dihadapi oleh mahasiswa-mahasiswi STT ATI dalam menghadapi rutinitas pelayanan yang menuntut kreatifitas dan inovasi baru. Bertolak dari hal itulah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat melalui workshop kreativitas dalam melayani anak ini dilakukan. Tujuan dari kegiatan tersebut adalah untuk membekali mahasiswa/mahasiswi STT ATI dalam melayani anak secara kreatif guna membangun pemahaman mereka secara efektif dan efisien. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan Pengabdian dan Masyarakat ini adalah ceramah, pelatihan, dan presentasi hasil latihan. Hasil dari kegiatan tersebut adalah para mahasiswa/ mahasiswi memahami pentingnya kreatifitas dalam melayani anak, mereka mampu membuat alat peraga dari bahan-bahan yang sederhana dan mudah diperoleh, serta melalui kegiatan tersebut juga daya kreativitas para mahasiswa/ mahasiswi ditingkatkan untuk melakukan inovasi-inovasi baru dalam mengajar anak. Kegiatan PkM tersebut memberi kontribusi penting bagi para mahasiswa/mahasiswi dalam mempersiapkan diri untuk melayani anak-anak maupun gereja sebagai konteks pelayanan mereka.
Influencer Marketing an Emerging Marketing Trend: A Study of Consumers’ Awareness and Attitude
Authors: Kumar Maurya Dr. Pawan , Singh Rachana
Published: December 2024

The most interesting consequence of the explosion of technology and its easy availability is the disruption of the market and marketing practices. When it comes to acquiring new clients online, influencer marketing is one of the strategies with the quickest growth. Influencers have emerged as a crucial business channel in India, helping brands establish genuine relationships with their audience. They have a significant impact on product research and consumer purchasing decisions. Internet users are growing so marketing based on Internet and technology is also becoming popular and successful. Influencer marketing helps marketers to find the right audience at the right time by using social media platforms. Many industries like- Food, Fashion, Healthcare, Hospitality, etc are using influencer marketing as promotional tool. It is important to understand consumers’ views about this marketing style. The purpose of this research paper is to study the awareness level among consumer and the attitude of consumer towards influencer marketing. It will help to understand the effectiveness of influencer marketing for promoting products and services. The study is based on primary data which have been collected through a structured questionnaire using Google forms. Secondary data has also been used to study the concept and scope of influencer marketing. The study reveals that most of the consumers are aware about influencer marketing and the majority of consumers perceive this marketing approach favorably. They follow influencers for meaningful content and believe influencers provide quick, easy and updated information.
Fatiga visual en personal de una unidad educativa que laboran con pantallas de visualización de datos
Authors: Aguirre Campoverde Erika Gabriela , Mariño Andrade Henry Geovanny
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de fatiga visual en personal que laboran con pantallas de visualización en el área de ciencias de la unidad educativa Fisco misional Daniel Álvarez Burneo, se realizó una investigación observacional descriptiva de corte transversal, utilizando el cuestionario validado CVS-Q, se encuesto a 35 docentes que laboran en el área de ciencias, los datos fueron analizados y tabulados mediante el instrumento EPI INFO. Los resultados revelaron una alta prevalencia del síndrome visual informático del 85.98% en el personal docente. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron visión borrosa, dolor de cabeza y dificultad para enfocar. Se identificaron como factores de riesgo el sexo femenino, el tiempo de exposición a las pantallas de visualización de datos que fue de 4 a 7 horas diarias. Los resultados de esta investigación abren las puertas a futuras investigaciones sobre la efectividad de diferentes estrategias para prevenir y tratar el síndrome visual informático, así como sobre su impacto económico en las empresas. Es fundamental desarrollar e implementar programas de intervención que incluyan capacitaciones, evaluaciones ergonómicas y monitoreo de la salud visual, con el objetivo de prevenir y mitigar los efectos del síndrome visual informático en los trabajadores.
arquitectura escolar en Extremadura durante la dictadura franquista: algunos ejemplos.
Authors: Vera Carrasco José María , Maldonado Escribano José , Lozano Bartolozzi María del Mar
Published: December 2024

Una vez finalizada la guerra civil española en 1939, se emprende una labor de necesaria reconstrucción del patrimonio afectado, además de ponerse en marcha proyectos de nueva creación, dirigidos mayoritariamente por el Estado y que van a estar marcados por una manera de hacer concreta. En cuanto a la arquitectura escolar se mantiene una organización a nivel nacional atendiéndose a la dignidad de los inmuebles y al entendimiento de la educación como un pilar básico en la sociedad. Es por ello que se contara con arquitectos de prestigio y se procurase que los edificios tuvieran un buen nivel de profesionalidad. Extremadura, como no podría ser menos, va a contribuir a todo ello sumando ejemplos de gran solvencia, en algún caso con bastante singularidad y destacada calidad, cuya puesta en valor es realmente necesaria.
La literatura infantil como espacio transformador
Authors: Oltra‐Albiach Miquel A. , Pardo Coy Rosa M.
Published: December 2024

Hacer de la escuela un espacio seguro para todas las personas es un reto para quienes nos dedicamos a la formación docente, y crear un mundo donde cada vez quepa más gente, de diversas procedencias, con diversas culturas y distintos ajustes familiares y personales, será siempre un objetivo primordial para lxs docentes. Como hemos propuesto en investigaciones anteriores (Oltra Albiach, 2011; Pardo Coy, 2019), la literatura infantil siempre es una aliada de primer orden, puesto que la literatura en sí es un puente que pone en diálogo aquello que es diverso. En esta ocasión hemos propuesto una serie de actividades con estudiantes de la Facultat de Magisteri (Universitat de València), a partir de Ella es mi papá (2021), sobre las paternidades trans. A partir de las opiniones del estudiantado sobre el texto y sobre las actividades realizadas, hemos querido recoger sus ideas y creencias sobre esta cuestión y, en general, sobre el tratamiento de las diversidades en las aulas, con un resultado sorprendente en algunos casos, que nos motiva a continuar investigando sobre el estudiantado de los grados de Maestrx y sus esperanzas y sus miedos a la hora de trabajar la diversidad en sus aulas.
Educação (tr)ancestral e contra-colonial – um diálogo entre dois corpos trans docentes
Authors: Silva Dantas Lucas , Costa de Chirico Mari
Published: December 2024

Esta comunicação parte do diálogo entre dois corpos trans que ocupam lugares diferentes dentro dos sistemas de educação na cidade de São Paulo, entre a perspectiva de quem leciona na educação básica e de quem leciona na educação superior. O que tange nosso encontro são duas urgências: a necessidade de re-conhecer transcestralidades em nossa história, e a lacuna de debates sobre gêneros e sexualidades dentro das formações de professories. A metodologia utilizada para inspirar essa produção é denominada por bell hooks como diálogo de colaboração, ferramenta presente no seu texto “A construção de uma comunidade pedagógica, um diálogo” (1994). O foco desta metodologia é estabelecer um diálogo entre dues educadories com o objetivo de transformá-lo em intervenções úteis, capazes de cruzar as fronteiras e as barreiras que são erguidas pela raça, pelo gênero, pela sexualidade etc. A partir desse diálogo e debate entre dois corpos trans educadores, seus relatos e suas propostas se transformarão em material de análise para o esgarçamento das fronteiras que impedem que as questões de gênero e sexualidade triunfem na educação, fazendo deste um lugar de desafio, crescimento e intercâmbio dialético. Os principais resultados apontam para uma prática dialógica que precisa ser implementada no espaço escolar para deslocar as questões de gênero e sexualidade do apagamento para a profundidade e visibilidade. Essa troca proporciona a educadores e alunes um autorreconhecimento de si mesmos e a criação de um novo currículo a partir de uma perspectiva contra-colonial e transcestral.
Reseña: Atención a la diversidad sexo‐genérica en el contexto educativo: una nueva mirada hacia un enfoque inclusivo
Authors: Ritacco Paola
Published: December 2024

La obra reseñada constituye un compendio de aportaciones científicas, tanto teóricas como empíricas que versan sobre políticas y prácticas vinculadas a la atención a la diversidad de personas sexualmente disidentes del modelo heteronormativo. Aspira, por tanto, a ser un referente de contribución social desde la Ciencia a la inclusión de la diversidad sexo‐genérica en el ámbito educativo. 
El conjunto de estudios presentados, permite observar que, pese al largo camino recorrido desde la emergencia de los primeros movimientos reivindicativos del pasado siglo, la atención a la diversidad sexo‐genérica sigue constituyendo una asignatura pendiente en muchos ámbitos incluyendo el educativo, y su plena incorporación en la dinámica y mentalidad de los centros educativos no ha dejado de ser un desafío de difícil concreción. De modo que aún hoy continúa siendo imperiosamente necesario dar visibilidad a esta realidad socio‐educativa con el propósito de concienciar, mitigar y — en el mejor de los casos— prevenir, los efectos negativos del desconocimiento, la negligencia, falta de sensibilidad y comprensión de los diversos agentes educativos implicados.
KARAKTERISTIKE FINANSIJSKIH INFORMACIJA U FINANSIJSKOJ ANALIZI
Authors:   Nezavisni univerzitet (NUBL), Banja Luka, BiH, Vukasović Dragan , Čolović Mrđan ,   Akademija za poslovnu ekonomiju, Čačak, Srbija, Filipović Danijela ,   Visoka poslovno tehnička škola (VPTS), Doboj, BiH
Published: December 2024

Managing the quality of information in financial reports requires careful
planning, the application of appropriate standards and procedures, as
well as constant monitoring to ensure their accuracy, relevance and
reliability. This is a key element in maintaining the confidence of all
interested parties in the information provided by the reporting entity
through its financial statements. Financial analysis must be based on true
and unambiguous quality financial information in order to justify its
mission, which is becoming more and more complex every day.
LEGAL CONSEQUENCES FOR LICENSEES IN THE EVENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT (IPR) OWNER BANKRUPTCY
Authors: Maharani Dhea Yulia , Bakir Herman
Published: December 2024

This research discusses the legal consequences that arise for licensees when the owner of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) experiences bankruptcy. The background of this research is the legal uncertainty regarding the fate of licenses granted by an IPR owner declared bankrupt, considering that the assets of the owner, including IPR, become part of the bankruptcy estate. The research method used is normative legal research, with a legislative approach and analysis of relevant court decisions. This research also uses secondary data in the form of related legal literature. The findings indicate that the bankruptcy of the IPR owner can potentially affect the rights and obligations of the licensee, especially concerning the continuity of the granted license. In some cases, the curator handling the bankruptcy estate has the authority to decide to continue or terminate the license agreement. However, legal protection for the licensee depends on the content of the license agreement and applicable legal provisions. Thus, the licensee is at risk of losing their licensing rights if there is no clear provision in the agreement or adequate legal protection from the law. This research recommends clearer regulations to protect licensees in situations where the owner of IPR experiences bankruptcy.
Considerações sobre a Justificação do Imposto de Renda das Pessoas Jurídicas
Authors: Mello Helio de
Published: December 2024

O imposto de renda das pessoas jurídicas é adotado por praticamente todas as jurisdições tributárias do mundo, mas não há consenso acerca da justificação desse tributo. No presente artigo, são apresentadas as principais teorias da justificação tributária e é proposta uma sistematização geral das proposições relativas ao tema. Sob a perspectiva de tais concepções teóricas, são examinadas criticamente as atuais teorias que buscam justificar o imposto de renda das pessoas jurídicas. Conclui-se que o tributo possui finalidade fiscal e não está vinculado a qualquer prestação estatal, justificando-se, portanto, no princípio da capacidade contributiva, sendo uma forma indireta de tributação dos sócios.
Declaração de Bens e Direitos: entre Confissão, Efeito Informativo ou Constitutivo
Authors: Schoueri Luís Eduardo , Cardin Guilherme Silva Galdino
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo examinar, sob a perspectiva jurídico-dogmática, se prestar informações no âmbito da declaração de bens e direitos têm o condão de confessar ou constituir algo. Para tanto, analisa-se se a declaração de bens e direitos possui efeitos meramente informativos ou se seriam eles confessórios. Posteriormente, aborda-se se a declaração de bens e direitos teria efeito constitutivo. Mais especificamente, se haveria uma constituição dos valores indicados como custo de aquisição na declaração de bens e direitos. Nesse passo, pretende-se demonstrar que: de um lado, a declaração de bens e direitos possui efeito informativo, sem importar confissão, tampouco vincular o Fisco ou o contribuinte; e, de outro, a declaração de bens e direitos não possui, em regra, efeito constitutivo.
Adicional de Contribuição Previdenciária no Caso de Exposição a Ruído Excessivo e o Tema n. 555 do Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Baida Marra Mariana
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a adequação e os limites da tese firmada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal no Recurso Extraordinário com Agravo n. 664.335 (Tema n. 555) quanto à aposentadoria especial no caso de exposição a ruído e ao valor atribuído às informações constantes do Perfil Profissiográfico Previdenciário (PPP) acerca da atenuação por equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI). O julgamento tem desdobramentos tributários, dado que a aposentadoria especial é custeada por adicional da contribuição previdenciária patronal, o GILRAT, que tem sido lançado de ofício pela Receita Federal do Brasil quando há exposição ao agente nocivo no ambiente de trabalho, independentemente de atenuação por EPI.
Cláusulas Tax Sparing e Matching Credit nos Tratados Internacionais como Mecanismos de se Evitar a Bitributação
Authors: Soares Iana Brena Melo
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho visa apresentar as cláusulas tax sparing e matching credit nos tratados internacionais que visam combater a bitributação. Primeiramente, analisam-se os tratados internacionais como fontes relevantes do direito tributário, bem como a terminologia e as classificações mais pertinentes dos tratados internacionais; posteriormente se analisa a maneira que ocorre seu procedimento de incorporação no direito brasileiro. Em um segundo momento, versa-se sobre o conceito de bitributação e o seu combate como sendo um direito fundamental posto pelo ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Por fim, aventa-se sobre o uso das cláusulas tax sparing e matching credit. O trabalho se utiliza de bibliografia doutrinária e análise das ideias por eles perpassadas, em um confronto de ideias.
Acesso aos Benefícios dos Acordos para Evitar a Dupla Tributação e a Exigência do “Atestado de Residência”
Authors: Schoueri Luís Eduardo , Cardin Guilherme Silva Galdino
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem por objeto analisar, sob a perspectiva jurídico-dogmática, se a figura do atestado de residência constitui requisito necessário para fins de estender a determinada pessoa os benefícios do Acordo para evitar a Dupla Tributação em questão. Para tanto, será examinado o escopo pessoal desses tratados, com destaque à política brasileira. Em seguida, são tecidas considerações sobre a prova em matéria tributária, mais especificamente, sobre o ônus de prova e a livre admissibilidade das provas, inclusive as respectivas exceções. Por fim, será examinado o tratamento dado pela Instrução Normativa da Receita Federal do Brasil n. 1.226, de 23 de dezembro de 2011, a qual exige a apresentação de atestado de residência no exterior ou a apresentação de documento oficial que comprove a sua residência fiscal, redigido pela administração tributária do país estrangeiro, a fim de conceder os benefícios do acordo em questão.
Sanções em Preços de Transferência
Authors: Castellanos Orsi Pedro
Published: December 2024

Este estudo volta-se à análise das sanções previstas no art. 66 da IN RFB n. 2.161/2023, responsável pela regulamentação da nova sistemática brasileira de preços de transferência, baseada no modelo OCDE. A introdução deste novo modelo veio acompanhada de uma série de obrigações acessórias voltadas à sua operacionalização e fiscalização. Trata-se de obrigações complexas e, muitas vezes, sem precedentes na legislação pátria, cujo descumprimento pode implicar uma série de sanções, também inéditas. Uma vez concluída contextualização acerca do surgimento dessas novas penalidades e explicados os seus objetivos, este estudo examina as condições necessárias à sua incidência, assim como limites legais à sua aplicação.
JCP e os Acordos de Bitributação
Authors: Bez-Batti Gabriel
Published: December 2024

Busca-se, no presente estudo, trazer algumas considerações adicionais sobre um debate conhecido na doutrina e jurisprudência brasileira, que diz respeito à qualificação dos juros sobre o capital próprio (JCP) nos acordos para evitar a bitributação.
Application of Box-Behnken Experimental Design Method in Licorice Extraction
Authors: Turgay Özlem , Çelik Elif , Güler Neslihan , Akgönen Şaduman
Published: December 2024

Licorice root is a traditional food substance used for various purposes and has diverse applications in the food industry. It is most commonly consumed as a sherbet. This study aimed to improve the efficiency of extraction in licorice root. For this purpose, the Box-Behnken Experimental Design was used. Temperature, time, and concentration were used as independent variables, while the total phenolic content was employed as the dependent variable. For solid-liquid extraction, heat treatment was carried out at 30-60°C for 10-30 min. The licorice concentration was in the range of 1-5% (w/v). A quadratic model was developed for the total phenolic content results. It was found that temperature and licorice concentration had a significant effect on the total phenolic content (p
The Effect of Keeping Time in Bain-Marie and Cooling Speeds on The Microbiological Quality of Meatballs Inoculated with Escherichia coli
Authors: Dinçoğlu Ahmet Hulusi , Çalışkan Zühal , Erler Erkan , Tarım Ece , Kılınç Yaren , Kurtcu Beyza
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the effect of keeping time in bain-marie and different cooling speeds on the microbiological quality of meatballs served in catering systems after contamination with Escherichia coli. For this purpose, the meatball mixture prepared was divided into two equal portions, Group A and B, and then subjected to frying, with Group B being inoculated with E. coli. After inoculation, the prepared meatballs were held at 70°C for 2 hours and cooled at different rates. The total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB) and yeast-mold counts in the meatball mixture, initially measured at levels of 5.59 log10 cfu/g and 7.91 log10 cfu/g respectively, decreased to levels of 2.92 log10 cfu/g and 3.58 log10 cfu/g after frying. After 2 hours in the bain-marie, the TMAB and yeast-mold levels in Group A meatballs were observed to be 2.42 log10 cfu/g and 2.30 log10 cfu/g, respectively. After inoculation, the TMAB, TAPB, E. coli, and yeast-mold levels in Group B meatball samples decreased continuously as a function of heating and cooling time. While the initial E. coli level was 8.13 log10 cfu/g, it decreased to 5.49 log10 cfu/g after 2 hours of heating and further decreased to 3.73 log10 cfu/g when the sample temperature reached 4°C. It was found that the microbial quality of Group B meatball samples cooled at +4°C was better than those cooled at room temperature. Meatball groups containing E. coli were found to have a higher pH value compared to those without E. coli and the pH increased further when both groups were left to cool at room temperature. The results suggest that applying rapid chilling after serving meatballs in catering systems positively affects the microbial quality of the product.
Modern Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis: A Review of AI-Powered Algorithms for Detection and Classification
Authors: Boruah Kuntala , Dutta Lachit , Pathak Manash Kapil
Published: December 2024

Thyroid nodules are one of the most common abnormalities in the thyroid gland, which are often harmless in nature (benign), but in a few unfortunate instances, they may be fatal (malignant). This review explores recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) applied to thyroid cancer detection and classification, with a focus on machine learning, deep learning, and image processing techniques. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of AI applications across key imaging modalities—Ultrasonography (USG), Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET/CT)—as well as cytopathological analysis using Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB). By critically examining studies on AI-driven preoperative assessments, we highlight improvements in diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and efficiency. This review also identifies current limitations in AI applications, including technical challenges and unresolved issues that hinder widespread clinical adoption. Although significant progress has been achieved, the integration of AI in clinical settings remains limited, as AI-based outputs currently serve as supportive tools rather than definitive diagnostic evidence. We discuss the potential of AI to transform thyroid cancer diagnostics by enhancing reliability and accessibility, while addressing the need for further research to develop a unified, robust and clinically trustworthy AI framework for thyroid cancer diagnosis.
A Smartphone based Automated Primary Screening of Oral Cancer based on Deep Learning
Authors: Shah Rinkal , Pareek Jyoti
Published: December 2024

In low- and middle-income countries, oral cancer is becoming more common. One factor delaying the discovery of oral cancer in rural areas is a lack of resources. To stop the disease from spreading, it is essential to quickly obtain information about any cancers. Therefore, it is essential to carry out early identification before it spreads. Primary screening is maintained in this study. Furthermore, deep neural network-based automated methods were used to produce complex patterns to address the challenging issue of assessing oral cancer infection. The goal of this work is to develop an Android application that uses a deep neural network to categorize oral photos into four groups: erythroplakia, leukoplakia, ulcer, and normal mouth. Convolutional neural networks and K-fold validation processes are used in this study’s methodology to create a customized Deep Oral Augmented Model (DOAM). Data augmentation techniques including shearing, scaling, rotation, and flipping are used to pre-process the images. A convolutional neural network is then used to extract features from the images Optimal configurations of max pooling layers, dropout, and activation functions have resulted in the attainment of maximum accuracies. By using the ”ELU” activation function in conjunction with RMSProp as the optimizer, the model achieves 96% validation accuracy, 96% precision, 96% F1 score, and 68% testing accuracy. The model is then deployed in TensorFlow Lite using an Android application.
Enhancing the Legal Protection of Waqf Assets in Banjar City, West Java, Through Land Registration and Regulatory Awareness to Support the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Ahyani Hisam , Mutmainah Naeli , Ahmad Md Yazid , Lousada Sérgio António Neves , Triswandani Yogi , Rahman Encep Taufik , Rozikin Opik , Dunur’aeni M. A. E. , Farid Diana , Utama Sofyan Mei , Ulummudin
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the land registration program in enhancing the legal protection of waqf assets in Indonesia, focusing on its contribution to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 16 on peace, justice, and strong institutions. This study specifically focuses on the context of Banjar City, West Java.
 
Theoretical Framework: This research applies Islamic law theory related to the protection of waqf assets and sustainable development theory, linking legal protection efforts with the achievement of SDGs. The Islamic perspective on waqf management emphasizes secure and sustainable stewardship, which aligns with the principles of sustainable development.
 
Method: A juridical-empirical approach with a descriptive-analytical method is used in this study. Data were collected through interviews, field observations, and document reviews regarding the implementation of the land registration program and related policies in Banjar City, West Java. The analysis focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of these initiatives in protecting waqf assets.
 
Results and Discussion: The study finds that the land registration program has made a positive contribution to the protection of waqf assets. However, challenges remain, including insufficient socialization and training for nadzir (waqf managers) and a lack of public understanding regarding the importance of land registration. Regulatory awareness programs, such as waqf land certification, offer significant potential to strengthen legal protection. The synergy between government policies and community participation is crucial for improving the effectiveness of waqf protection.
 
Research Implications: This study provides practical implications for the development of policies aimed at strengthening the protection of waqf assets. It recommends improving socialization and training for nadzir and raising public awareness about the importance of waqf land registration. Collaboration between the government, religious institutions, and the community is essential for enhancing the protection of waqf assets.
 
Originality/Value: The originality of this study lies in its identification of the importance of the land registration program and regulatory awareness in strengthening the protection of waqf assets in Indonesia, particularly in Banjar City. The study also offers practical recommendations to improve the implementation of these initiatives and provides insights into the local context in Indonesia, which can be used as a model for other regions.
Saudi Awareness of Chronic Kidney Disease Risk Factors
Authors:   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Aljumaah Ali Sulaiman , Hassan Fahmy Nabil ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Alnufaie Sattam Mohammed ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Alsubai Nourh Abdalrhman ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Zowaid Alnefaie Mamdouh Mohammed ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Mashaal Alotaibi Waleed ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Noor Hosawi Abeer Mohammed ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Alosaimi Abdullah Dakheel ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Alsanaalah Sulaiman Ahmed ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Aqeeli Anfal Yahya ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Ashiya Ahmed Radwan ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Aljouan Ahmed abdullah ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, alzain Yahya Mohammed ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, alanezi Asrar saad ,   Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
Published: December 2024

Background: Complex disorder CKD involves excessive fluid and waste buildup in the circulation, causing structural or functional damage to the kidneys. This article used general Saudi population data to assess public understanding of chronic kidney disease risk factor among adults.

Methodology: The present study is a cross-sectional investigation that included a sample of 1111 participants from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, all of whom were above the age of eighteen and represented both genders. The data was analyzed utilizing Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. The findings of this study encompassed a total of 1111 participants, with 67.9% identifying as females and 32.1% as males. A total of 23.7% of the participants indicated that they had a family member who had been diagnosed with renal illness. Among this group, 51% reported that the affected family member belonged to the first-class category. A majority of respondents (71.6%) indicated possessing a moderate level of knowledge, while a smaller proportion (17.5%) reported having little knowledge. Conversely, only 11% of participants claimed to possess a high level of knowledge. A total of 44.9% of participants indicated a moderate attitude, while 39.9% reported a low attitude score. Only 15.2% of respondents reported a high attitude score.

Conclusion: Based on the present research, it was determined that the participants exhibited a commendable comprehension of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs), with findings aligning with previous investigations conducted in Saudi Arabia and surpassing those from diverse nations. Furthermore, the participants in our research had a favorable disposition towards chronic kidney diseases (CKDs), aligning with findings from previous studies.
Fixed Dose Versus Height and Weight Adjusted Dose of Bupivacaine for Spinal Anesthesia in Elective Caesarean Section
Authors:   Rajaa MBChB, FICMs, Specialist of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq., Enad Dr. Hamdiyah , Hameed Ass.Prof. Aimen ,   Latef MBChB, DA, FICMs, Consultant of Anesthesia, Assistant Professor, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq, Mahir Abdulelah Dr. Mohammed ,   MBChB, FICMs, Specialist of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: December 2024

Background: Spinal anesthesia is gaining global popularity. Caesarian section with spinal anesthesia are considered one of the comment applied surgeries. Hypotension is one of most frequent side effect of spinal anesthesia, if uncorrected causes adverse effect on the mother and neonate .

The aim of this study is to assess the hemodynamic measures and anesthetic outcome between fixed dose and adjusted for weight and height dose of bupivacaine.

Patients and method: A comparative clinical trial double-blinded study was conducted in the operation theatre of the obstetric surgical department, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq during the period from the 1st of April 2022 to the 1st of July 2023.

A total of 100 pregnant women were included in this study who underwent cesarean section under spinal anesthesia and met the inclusion criteria. These women were allocated randomly into two groups:

Group A: Fixed dose group: 50 patients received an intrathecal dose of heavy bupivacaine (0.5%) 2.5 ml.

Group B: adjusted dose group: 50 patients received intrathecal adjusted dose heavy bupivacaine (0.5% ) according to height and weight of patient from Hartens chart.

Results: A higher mean SBP was reported among the adjusted dose group at 15 min., 20 min., 30 min., and 40 min. (P=0.002, 0.002, <0.001, and <0.001 respectively). A higher mean DBP was reported among the adjusted dose group at 10 min., and 20 min. (P=0.037, and 0.005 respectively). A higher mean MBP was reported among the adjusted dose group at 30 min., and 40 min. (P=0.001, and <0.001 respectively). A lower mean HR due to bradycardia among some cases was reported among the fixed-dose group at 10 min., 30 min., and 40 min. (P=0.024, 0.034, and <0.001 respectively) lowest 10 min., 30 min., and 40 min. (P=0.024, 0.034, and <0.001 respectively). There 40.0% (20) patients in the fixed-dose group received an ephedrine dose once and 24.0% (12) patients in the fixed-dose group received an ephedrine dose more than once, and this was significantly higher than the adjusted dose (P=0.027).

Conclusion: Adjusting bupivacaine dose in spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean sections provides favorable hemodynamic stability with adequate anesthetic outcome in both groups
EVALUASI SIFAT FISIK SUSPENSI REKONSTITUSI AMOKSISILIN GENERIK BERMEREK DI APOTEK KOTA BANGKINANG
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Agistia Nesa ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau
Published: December 2024

Penyakit infeksi merupakan masalah kesehatan yang penting, obat andalan untuk mengatasinya adalah antibiotik. Amoksisilin merupakan antibiotik spektrum luas yang banyak digunakan pada infeksi yang disebabkan bakteri. Amoksisilin bersifat sukar larut di dalam air, sehingga dibuat dalam bentuk suspensi rekonstitusi. Penambahan volume cairan rekonstitusi yang tidak tepat dapat mempengaruhi efektivitas kerjanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah sifat fisik sediaan suspensi rekonstitusi amoksisilin yang diambil di apotek di kota Bangkinang memenuhi persyaratan sesuai dengan yang tertera di dalam Farmakope Indonesia Edisi VI dan pustaka lainnya. 30 botol suspensi amoksisillin dengan nomor batch yang sama, ditambahkan air sesuai tanda batas yang tertera pada wadah dan kemudian dievaluasi sifat fisiknya, meliputi organoleptis, pH, bobot jenis, viskositas, volume sedimentasi, waktu redispersi dan volume terpindahkan yang diuji selama 7 hari penyimpanan. Diperoleh hasil uji organoleptik, pH, bobot jenis, viskositas, volume sedimentasi dan waktu redispersi yang memenuhi persyaratan selama penyimpanan 7 hari. Akan tetapi pada pegujian volume terpindahkan tidak sesuai dengan persyaratan pada Farmakope Indonesia edisi VI.
SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN PENGUJIAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KULIT LEMON (Citrus limon L.) DENGAN METODE DPPH
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Atma Jaya Jakarta, Evan Christian Yulius
Published: December 2024

Indonesia salah satu negara dengan kekayaan keanekaragaman hayati yang bisa dimanfaatkan diantaranya sebagai kosmetik untuk antioksidan. Tanaman yang memiliki khasiat sebagai antioksidan yaitu ekstrak kulit lemon. Kandungan metabolit sekunder lemon yaitu flavonoid, alkaloid, limonoid, carotenoid, asam fenolat dan minyak atsiri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh ekstrak kulit lemon yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Ekstrak kulit lemon dibuat secara maserasi kinetik dengan pelarut etanol 70%, kemudian diuapkan dengan evaporator. Ekstrak kulit lemon dikarakterisasi skrining fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode peredaman radikal bebas menggunakan DPPH. Hasil skrining fitokimia diperoleh ekstrak kulit lemon mengandung alkaloid, saponin, tanin, flavonoid, triterpenoid, steroid, minyak atsiri, kuinon dan fenol. Nilai IC50 aktivitas antioksidan vitamin C dan ekstrak kulit lemon berturut-turut sebesar 3,26 ± 0,0577 ppm dan 16,46 ± 0,3595 ppm. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak kulit lemon memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai keperluan pengobatan atau kosmetik.
KESESUAIAN DAN CLINICAL OUTCOME PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PROFILAKSIS PADA PASIEN OPERASI MIOM (MYOMA UTERI) DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP RS PMI BOGOR PERIODE 2019-2021
Authors:   Universitas Pakuan, Zunnita Toha Oktaviana , Yulia Wiendarlina Ike ,   Universitas Pakuan, Rahmah Sari Hanifah ,   Universitas Pakuan
Published: December 2024

Mioma uteri adalah neoplasma jinak yang berasal dari sel-sel otot polos uterus dan jaringan ikat yang menopangnya. Berdasarkan Survey Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) angka kasus mioma uteri diperkirakan sebesar 20 dari 1000 wanita dewasa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien mioma uteri, mengetahui kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis ditinjau dari jenis dan dosis, waktu pemberian, lama pemberian, dan penambahan pemberian antibiotik profilaksis saat operasi, serta mengetahui clinical outcome penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan retrospektif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap 92 pasien rawat inap operasi mioma uteri, 52,2% pasien pada rentang usia 36-45 tahun. Mioma uteri terjadi pada wanita yang belum pernah melahirkan (Nullipara) sebanyak 56,5%; jenis operasi tertinggi yaitu histerektomi supracervical sebanyak 56,5%. Pemberian antibiotik profilaksis pada pasien mioma uteri terbanyak adalah Ceftriaxone 1 gram. Pemilihan jenis dan dosis menurut Formularium RS telah sesuai sebesar 100%. Berdasarkan waktu pemberian dan lama pemberian 100% sesuai. Penambahan pemberian antibiotik profilaksis saat operasi dilakukan pada 26 pasien disebabkan oleh durasi operasi yang lebih dari 3 jam. Clinical outcome yang ditandai dengan nilai leukosit normal, tidak adanya demam, tidak adanya peradangan pada luka operasi sebanyak 64,1%.
Stochastic Inflation and the Term Structure of Interest Rates: a Simple Diffusion Model
Authors: Baldassari Cristiano , Meschini Massimiliano , Nascenzi Paola
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The present paper addressesthe problem of valuing contingent claims on the term structure in a single good economy under uncertain inflation. In the context of arbitrage-free valuation, a simple diffusion model for pricing inflation -indexed securities is proposed. A martingale characterization of nominal and real prices is given and a stochastic generalization of the Fisher equation is provided. An example of two-factor model which can be used to value inflation-linked securitiesin practical applications, is also discussed.

JEL classification numbers: G00, G10, G30.
Keywords: Term structure of interest rates, Fisher equation, HJM-methodology,
Inflation-linked securities.
ANALISIS DAN MITIGASI RISIKO PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG MALL PELAYANAN PUBLIK KABUPATEN GIANYAR
Authors: Diputera I Gede Angga , Lestari I Gusti Agung Ayu Istri , Utama I Putu Rika Agus
Published: December 2024

Manajemen risiko adalah suatu langkah terstruktur dalam memeriksa risiko dan cara mengatasinya dengan tepat. Semakin besar nilai proyek akan berpengaruh terhadap risiko atau kemungkinan yang akan terjadi pada suatu proyek itu sendiri.  Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Mall Pelayanan Publik Kabupaten Gianyar saat ini dalam proses tender yang merupakan tahapan awal sebelum dilaksanakan proses pembangunan suatu proyek. Proyek tersebut memiliki nilai kontrak yang tinggi sehingga ada kemungkinan timbulnya risiko -risiko pada proses pelaksanaannya. Tujuan dari dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat mengidentifikasi, mengevaluasi, serta mengkaji cara mengelola risiko-risiko yang timbul dari pelaksanaan proyek. Tahapan dalam menganalisis data pada penelitian ini adalah dari pengumpulan data berupa jenis-jenis risiko dari kajian sebelumnya berupa data-data risiko dari proyek sejenis lalu melakukan wawancara dengan pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Mall Pelayanan Publik Kabupaten Gianyar untuk menentukan risiko-risiko apa saja yang teridentifikasi dari 12 sumber risiko. Selanjutnya dilakukan penyebaran kuesioner dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 orang  yang terlibat dalam proyek. Berdasarkan risiko-risiko yang teridentifikasi, penilaian risiko dan analisis penerimaan yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada risiko yang termasuk dalam tingkatan tidak dapat diterima (unacceptable) dan 1 risiko masuk dalam tingkatan tidak diinginkan (undesirable). Risiko yang masuk dalam golongan risiko utama (major risk) berada dalam kategori risiko teknis yang harus dikendalikan untuk meminimalisir akibat negatif yang mungkin terjadi. Pengendalian risiko yang dominan dikendalikan dengan menetapkan tanggung jawab risiko dan menerapkan langkah-langkah pengurangan risiko.
PERENCANAAN PENGEMBANGAN RUNWAY BANDAR UDARA INTERNASIONAL I GUSTI NGURAH RAI KABUPATEN BADUNG
Authors: Mahardika Made Angga Dharma , Sriastuti Dewa Ayu Nyoman , Armaeni Ni Komang
Published: December 2024

Bandar Udara Internasional I Gusti Ngurah Rai di Pulau Bali merupakan salah satu pusat pariwisata terkemuka di Indonesia yang melayani jumlah penumpang yang terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Dalam menghadapi tuntutan untuk melayani pesawat dengan kapasitas penumpang yang lebih besar, seperti Airbus A380-800, perencanaan pengembangan dimensi runway menjadi penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan dimensi dan perkerasan runway yang diperlukan untuk mengakomodasi operasional pesawat tipe Airbus A380-800 di Bandar Udara Internasional I Gusti Ngurah Rai. Metode perhitungan dimensi runway didasarkan pada persyaratan pesawat terbesar yang beroperasi di bandara tersebut, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor koreksi elevasi, suhu, dan kelandaian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan panjang runway ideal adalah sekitar 4.628,96 meter dengan lebar minimum 60 meter. Perencanaan perkerasan lentur menggunakan metode Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) memberikan ketebalan yang diperlukan untuk menanggung beban operasional pesawat, dengan nilai total perkerasan sebesar 129,38 cm. Penelitian ini memberikan manfaat bagi mahasiswa dalam memahami proses perencanaan dimensi dan perkerasan runway, sementara bagi institusi dan pemerintah, hasilnya dapat menjadi masukan dalam pengembangan infrastruktur bandara. Bagi masyarakat umum, penelitian ini juga meningkatkan pemahaman tentang aspek teknis dalam pengelolaan bandara. Dengan demikian, peningkatan kapasitas dan kualitas infrastruktur bandara diharapkan dapat mendukung pertumbuhan pariwisata dan perekonomian lokal.