bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transportlogistik: Aufzugplanung im Krankenhaus
Authors: Kaczmarek Sylvia
Published: December 2020

Aufzüge stellen in Kliniken das Nadelöhr der Transportlogistik dar. Um lange Wartezeiten zu vermeiden, wird oft versucht, Aufzugkapazitäten aufzustocken – das bekämpft jedoch lediglich die Symptome, nicht aber die Ursachen des Problems. Zu einer effizienten und ganzheitlichen Transportlogistik ohne Wartezeiten gehört immer eine Untersuchung der gesamten Aufzugkapazitäten eines Hauses. Ein Lösungsansatz kommt aus dem Bereich der Logistikplanung, der bereits erfolgreich in Kliniken angewendet wird.
Improved accuracy in high-frequency AC transport measurements in pulsed high magnetic fields
Authors: Mitamura Hiroyuki , Watanuki Ryuta , Kampert Erik , Förster Tobias , Matsuo Akira , Onimaru Takahiro , Onozaki Norimichi , Amou Yuta , Wakiya Kazuhei , Matsumoto Keisuke T. , Yamamoto Isao , Suzuki Kazuya , Zherlitsyn Sergei , Wosnitza Joachim , Tokunaga Masashi , Kindo Koichi , Sakakibara Toshiro
Published: December 2020

We show theoretically and experimentally that accurate transport measurements are possible even within the short time provided by pulsed magnetic fields. For this purpose, a new method has been devised, which removes the noise component of a specific frequency from the signal by taking a linear combination of the results of numerical phase detection using multiple integer periods. We also established a method to unambiguously determine the phase rotation angle in AC transport measurements using a frequency range of tens of kilohertz. We revealed that the dominant noise in low-frequency transport measurements in pulsed magnetic fields is the electromagnetic induction caused by mechanical vibrations of wire loops in inhomogeneous magnetic fields. These results strongly suggest that accurate transport measurements in short-pulsed magnets are possible when mechanical vibrations are well suppressed.
Reorientation motions of N-acetyl-tryptophan-amide (NATA dipeptide) in aqueous solution and with co-solvents: Molecular dynamics vs hydrodynamic model
Authors: Kuczera Krzysztof , Jas Gouri S. , Ekiel-Jeżewska Maria L. , Melikhov Yevgen
Published: December 2020

We present a study of peptide reorientational dynamics in solution analyzed from the perspective of fluorescence anisotropy decay (FAD) experiments, and atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) and continuum hydrodynamics modeling. Earlier, FAD measurements and MD simulations of the model dipeptide N-acetyltryptophanamide (NATA) in explicit water and in aqueous solutions of urea, guanidinium chloride, and proline co-solvents identified excellent agreement of MD results with experimental data, indicating the presence of significant effects of peptide–solvent interactions, and the overall tumbling of the peptide could be well described by contributions from individual conformers, represented by dihedral-restrained MD. Here, we extend these studies by analyzing dynamic inhomogeneity in the solutions and by developing a hydrodynamic model (HM) of the conformer dynamics. The MD simulation data indicate the presence of markedly different dynamic microenvironments for the four studied solutions, with the average water reorientations being different in all systems, partly reflecting the bulk viscosities. Additionally, the water dynamics also exhibited a marked slowdown in the vicinity of the co-solvents, especially chloride and proline. To gain further insight, we applied the HM to predict rotational correlation times of tryptophan for the individual NATA conformers identified in MD. The hydrodynamic results were in very good agreement with MD simulations for the individual structures, showing that the HM model provides a realistic description of rotational diffusion for rigid peptide structures. Overall, our study generated new microscopic insights into the complex nature of the structure and dynamics of peptide solvation shells for systems containing water and denaturing and stabilizing co-solvents.
The adaptive shift method in full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo: Development and applications
Authors: Ghanem Khaldoon , Guther Kai , Alavi Ali
Published: December 2020

In a recent paper, we proposed the adaptive shift method for correcting undersampling bias of the initiator-full configuration interaction (FCI) quantum Monte Carlo. The method allows faster convergence with the number of walkers to the FCI limit than the normal initiator method, particularly for large systems. However, in its application to some systems, mostly strongly correlated molecules, the method is prone to overshooting the FCI energy at intermediate walker numbers, with convergence to the FCI limit from below. In this paper, we present a solution to the overshooting problem in such systems, as well as further accelerating convergence to the FCI energy. This is achieved by offsetting the reference energy to a value typically below the Hartree–Fock energy but above the exact energy. This offsetting procedure does not change the exactness property of the algorithm, namely, convergence to the exact FCI solution in the large-walker limit, but at its optimal value, it greatly accelerates convergence. There is no overhead cost associated with this offsetting procedure and is therefore a pure and substantial computational gain. We illustrate the behavior of this offset adaptive shift method by applying it to the N2 molecule, the ozone molecule at three different geometries (an equilibrium open minimum, a hypothetical ring minimum, and a transition state) in three basis sets (cc-pVXZ, X = D, T, Q), and the chromium dimer in the cc-pVDZ basis set, correlating 28 electrons in 76 orbitals. We show that in most cases, the offset adaptive shift method converges much faster than both the normal initiator method and the original adaptive shift method.
Nonvolatile tuning of the Rashba effect in the CuInP2S6/MoSSe/CuInP2S6 heterostructure
Authors: Huang Hong-Fei , Dong Yao-Jun , Yao Yang , Zhang Jia-Yong , Hao Xiang , Gu Han , Wu Yin-Zhong
Published: December 2020

The van der Waals sandwich heterostructure CuInP2S6/MoSSe/CuInP2S6 (CIPS/MoSSe/CIPS) has first been employed as a prototype to tune the Rashba effect. By nonvolatile controlling of the orientation of the polarization of the top ferroelectric CIPS monolayer, it is confirmed that the Rashba effect can be switched on or off at the top position of the valence band (VB) around the Γ point. More significantly, we find that the Rashba coefficient increases by almost one order of magnitude for the “on” state as compared with the freestanding MoSSe monolayer. Based on the results of first-principle calculations, it is obtained that the enhancement of the Rashba effect results from the charge transfer from the top CIPS layer to the MoSSe layer or the bottom CIPS layer, and the lifting of the d-orbit band of the light Cu atom leads to the disappearance of Rashba spin splitting at the top of the VB around the Γ point. Furthermore, the polarization orientation of the bottom CIPS layer can greatly alter the bandgap of the sandwich structure. We hope the above nonvolatile and large amplitude tuning of the Rashba effect should be useful in the design of spintronic nano-devices.
On the relation between argumentative style and linguistic style
Authors: Haaften Ton van , Leeuwen Maarten van
Published: December 2020

Argumentative style is assumed to be instrumental to the implementation of an arguer’s strategic plan to resolve a
difference of opinion in his/her favor. One important constitutive element of argumentative style are linguistic choices. It is
therefore crucial to pay close and systematic attention to linguistic choices and their argumentative functions in the analysis of
argumentative style.

In this paper we discuss how a linguistic-stylistic analysis can be conducted systematically by making use of
methodological insights from the so-called “linguistic-stylistic approach”, and how such an analysis can be integrated with a
pragma-dialectical analysis of argumentative discourse. Our aim is to show how such an integration could be helpful in analysing
the presentational aspect of an argumentative style, and how the outcomes of such an analysis could be linked to another aspect of
argumentative style, namely the strategic considerations implemented in the argumentative discourse and more particularly the
argumentative strategies involved.
Mediators’ reframing as a constitutive element of a reconciliatory argumentative style
Authors: Greco Sara , Jermini-Martinez Soria Chiara
Published: December 2020

This paper shows that reframing of conflict can be considered as a constitutive element of a “reconciliatory argumentative
style” (van Eemeren, 2019), which is typical of dispute mediators, whose aim is to steer parties
towards the resolution of their conflict. On the basis of a systematic empirical analysis of mediation cases, we first show that reframing
encompasses a change of issue, which may or may not be justified by arguments. Then, we show how it is functional to the three aspects of
mediators’ strategic manoeuvring, being used consistently by mediators in their effort to help parties solve their conflict on the basis of
reasonable discussion.
Pedagogical challenges of foreign language teaching in mixed-age primary school classrooms
Authors: Kos Tomáš
Published: December 2020

An increasing number of primary schools, mainly in western European countries, have established mixed-age (M‑A) classrooms due to the belief of the teaching community in the pedagogical and social benefits of this approach. In the area of foreign language teaching, the M‑A approach has gained popularity, particularly at the primary school level. However, despite the increase in the number of M‑A foreign language classrooms, the benefits of this approach remain unclear. This lack of clarity might be caused by the lack of research on M‑A teaching practices in foreign language classrooms. In this article, I first describe what M‑A classrooms are and address relevant research findings on M‑A teaching. At the heart of the article, I address in detail some important pedagogical challenges of M‑A teaching. Specifically, I consider in what ways and to what extent differentiated instruction is possible in these classrooms. Later, I discuss the issue of the “right” approach to M‑A teaching and provide some pedagogical suggestions.
Strategies to facilitate containment of genetically engineered crops
Authors: Klocko Amy Leigh
Published: December 2020

Many of the food and feed crops grown in the United States of America (USA) are genetically engineered (GE) varieties of plants. GE plants have been grown commercially in the USA since 1996. However, their usage is controversial for a variety of reasons. A major concern is the possibility of gene flow from GE plantings to non-GE fields, or to wild or weedy relatives, as well as the possibility of the establishment of feral GE populations. Gene flow from GE to non-GE crops can impact the marketability of the crop product which received the genes. A related issue regarding gene flow from GE crops to other plants is the possibility of agricultural weeds acquiring crop protection traits, such as insect resistance and herbicide tolerance, as such weeds would lead to increased management challenges. The prevention of gene flow in crop plants can be achieved with various genetic containment strategies, some of which are more practical to implement than others. These methods include approaches such as physical distancing, utilizing natural sterility, and engineering sterility. The strategy selected needs to be aligned with the biology of the crop species and integrated into the field management plan. This review will focus on commercial GE crops currently grown in the USA, possible genetic containment strategies, as well as discuss possible future research needs.
Riemann–Cartan gravitational and axial anomalies in electrodynamics and black holes
Authors: Garcia de Andrade L C
Published: December 2020

In this paper two examples are given of a chiral torsional anomaly Nieh–Yan (NY) topological invariant in Riemann–Cartan (RC) spacetime: in the first it is shown that a certain class of RC spacetime metrics yields a chiral torsional axial anomaly possessing a term proportional to E ⋅ B. Here E and B are respectively the electric and magnetic fields. Besides, since Cartan connection does not vanish, this example is a mixed gravitational axial anomaly. In this case the axial torsional anomaly in RC manifold is computed. Second example is that of a Kerr metric of non-stationary black hole (BH) which possesses gravitational anomaly. The metric which produces the axial anomaly keeps some similarity with Eddington–Schroedinger–Einstein–Strauss metric of unified field theories of gravity and electromagnetism. These ideas, show us the possibility of having analogous BHs models in Weyl semimetals. Moreover, electrodynamics in Cartan spacetime is discussed in this context. This is based on teleparallel metrics used by Letelier (1995 Class Quantum Grav.
12 2221) and Tod (1994 Class Quantum Grav.
11 5). NY RC gravitational anomalies are obtained for BHs Kerr metric using an orthogonal tetrad system.
On the behavior of a water electrolysis cell in a DC circuit
Authors: Hutchison Douglas
Published: December 2020

The electrolysis of water using a DC circuit is a familiar physical science experiment and the empirical details of the process, especially in terms of the chemistry, are well known. There are however, long-standing questions in regard to the specific role played by the circuit itself and the electrolyte. Recent empirical studies of an electrolysis cell as a circuit element have revealed what we see as clues towards understanding the cell’s behavior electrodynamically (Shen M et al 2011 Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
36 14335; Sun C-W and Hsiau S-S 2018 J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol.
9 99). For example, the cell is observed to be non-conductive below a threshold in the difference of potential, and once it becomes conductive the current is proportional to the difference between the applied voltage and the threshold, not the applied voltage. This type of non-Ohmic behavior guides our modeling of the cell in two steps. The first is the analysis of an equivalent circuit that captures the observed behavior. The second is an examination of the charge distributions within the double layers near the electrodes that polarize the cell. This polarization renders the cell non-conductive below the threshold, and its lingering effects explain the overall non-Ohmic behavior once conduction is possible. In addition, the energy transfer process required to power the cell, we find, is suggestive of non-classical (i.e. quantum mechanical) mechanisms.
Digital twin-driven machine learning: ball bearings fault severity classification
Authors: Farhat Mohamed Habib , Chiementin Xavier , Chaari Fakher , Bolaers Fabrice , Haddar Mohamed
Published: December 2020

Machine learning algorithms (MLAs) are increasingly being used as effective techniques for processing vibration signals obtained from complex industrial machineries. Previous applications of automatic fault detection algorithms in the diagnosis of rotating machines were mainly based on historical operating data sets, limiting the diagnostic reliability to devices with an extended operating history. Moreover, physically collected data are often restricted by the conditions of acquisition and the specific elements for which they were recorded. Digital twin (DT) provides a powerful tool able to generate a huge amount of training data for MLAs. However, the DT model must be accurate enough to substitute the experiments. This work aims to escape the experience requirement by using a simulation-driven MLA based on the multifactorial analysis of fault indicators associated with a DT. To achieve this approach, a numerical model of a rotor-ball bearing system is developed. The latter is updated according to a parameter update scheme based on a comparison between the relevant features of the experimentally measured signals and the signals simulated by the model. These features are chosen as the selected input parameters of the MLA classifier. The results show that after updating, the developed DT has provided a reliable diagnostic with an adaptive degradation analysis, which makes the simulated data suitable for the construction of a machine learning predictive model. Two common MLAs, (multi-kernel support vector machine) and (k nearest neighbor’s algorithm), were trained using the simulated data and validated later against experimental datasets.
Tomographic reconstruction of light field PIV based on a backward ray-tracing technique
Authors: Cao Lixia , Zhang Biao , Hossain MD Moinul , Li Jian , Xu Chuanlong
Published: December 2020

The calculation of the weight matrix is one of the key steps of the tomographic reconstruction in the light field particle image velocimetry (light field PIV) system. At present, the existing calculation method of the weight matrix in light field PIV based on the forward ray-tracing technique (named Fahringer’s method) is very time-consuming. To improve the computational efficiency of the weight matrix, this paper presents a computational method for the weight matrix based on the backward ray-tracing technique in combination with a Gaussian function (named the Gaussian function method). An expectation–maximization algorithm is employed for the reconstruction of the 3D particle field, and a summed line-of-sight (SLOS) estimation is further used to accelerate the reconstruction process. The computational accuracy and efficiency of the weight matrix, the reconstruction quality of the 3D particle field, and the velocity field accuracy by the Gaussian function method are numerically investigated. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the feasibility of the weight matrix by the Gaussian function method. The numerical results illustrated that the Gaussian function method can improve the computational efficiency of the weight matrix more than ten times. The SLOS is capable of further accelerating the computational efficiency of the overall reconstruction process, including the pre-determination, the calculation of the weight matrix and the reconstruction. The velocity field accuracy by the Gaussian function method is almost the same as that by Fahringer’s method. The experimental results of the three-dimensional and three-component velocity field of a laminar flow further verify the feasibility of the computational method for the weight matrix based on the Gaussian function method.
Edge localized mode characteristics and divertor heat flux during stationary and transient phase for CFETR hybrid scenario
Authors: Li Zeyu , Zhu Yiren , Xu Guoliang , Chan V S , Xu Xueqiao , Chen Jiale , Ding Rui , Xia Tianyang , Jian Xiang , Zou Yunpeng , Xiao Chijie , Wang Xiaogang
Published: December 2020

The study of edge localized mode (ELM) behavior, stationary heat flux and transient heat flux during the ELM crash phase is performed for a China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) 1 GW hybrid mode operation scenario (

R

= 7.2 m,

B

T

= 6.5 T,

I

p

= 13.78 MA). Modeling and simulation start with a scenario obtained by multi-code integrated modeling on the one modeling framework for integrated tasks framework. Linear stability and nonlinear simulations of ELM dynamics are carried out using the BOUT++ six-field reduced magnetohydrodynamic module, which show a much smaller ELM energy loss (ΔELM ~ 0.13%) compared to that of a Type-I ELM. Parametric analysis of the weak linear growth rate and small ELM energy loss characteristics shed light on physics corresponding to a grassy ELM regime for CFETR 1 GW hybrid scenario. The transient heat flux on the divertor target during this small ELM phase is investigated using BOUT++. We found that upstream radial transport in the scrape-off-layer (SOL) induced by small ELMs is weak, which keeps it in the drift-dominated region. However, the heat flux width is still broadened to

λ

q

= 4.64 mm by the increase of separatrix temperature during ELM nonlinear evolution. The impact of transient peak heat load and ELM energy fluence on tungsten melting and net erosion rate of divertor target is evaluated for the first-time using physics-based transport that connects the pedestal with the SOL. Energy fluence caused by a single ELM pulse is below the tungsten melting limit, while tungsten erosion would exceed the material requirements. We conclude that external mitigation methods, such as divertor detachment and advanced divertor geometry are likely needed for the steady state operation of CFETR.
Numerical investigation on photonic microwave generation by a sole excited-state emitting quantum dot laser with optical injection and optical feedback*
Authors: Jiang Zai-Fu , Wu Zheng-Mao , Yang Wen-Yan , Hu Chun-Xia , Jin Yan-Hong , Xiao Zhen-Zhen , Xia Guang-Qiong
Published: December 2020

Based on three-level exciton model, the enhanced photonic microwave signal generation by using a sole excited-state (ES) emitting quantum dot (QD) laser under both optical injection and optical feedback is numerically studied. Within the range of period-one (P1) dynamics caused by the optical injection, the variations of microwave frequency and microwave intensity with the parameters of frequency detuning and injection strength are demonstrated. It is found that the microwave frequency can be continuously tuned by adjusting the injection parameters, and the microwave intensity can be enhanced by changing the injection strength. Moreover, considering that the generated microwave has a wide linewidth, an optical feedback loop is further employed to compress the linewidth, and the effect of feedback parameters on the linewidth is investigated. It is found that with the increase of feedback strength or delay time, the linewidth is evidently decreased due to the locking effect. However, for the relatively large feedback strength or delay time, the linewidth compression effect becomes worse due to the gradually destroyed P1 dynamics. Besides, through optimizing the feedback parameters, the linewidth can be reduced by up to more than one order of magnitude for different microwave frequencies.
Characterization, spectroscopic investigation of defects by positron annihilation, and possible application of synthesized PbO nanoparticles*
Authors: Ali Sk Irsad , Das Anjan , Agrawal Apoorva , Mukherjee Shubharaj , Ahmed Maudud , Nambissan P M G , Mandal Samiran , Mandal Atis Chandra
Published: December 2020

Nanocrystalline samples of highly pure lead oxide were prepared by the sol-gel route of synthesis. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic techniques confirmed the nanocrystallinity of the samples, and the average sizes of the crystallites were found within 20 nm to 35 nm. The nanocrystallites exhibited specific anomalous properties, among which a prominent one is the increased lattice parameters and unit cell volumes. The optical band gaps also increased when the nanocrystallites became smaller in size. The latter aspect is attributable to the onset of quantum confinement effects, as seen in a few other metal oxide nanoparticles. Positron annihilation was employed to study the vacancy type defects, which were abundant in the samples and played crucial roles in modulating their properties. The defect concentrations were significantly larger in the samples of smaller crystallite sizes. The results suggested the feasibility of tailoring the properties of lead oxide nanocrystallites for technological applications, such as using lead oxide nanoparticles in batteries for better performance in discharge rate and resistance. It also provided the physical insight into the structural build-up process when crystallites were formed with a finite number of atoms, whose distributions were governed by the site stabilization energy.
Formation of general technical training of students through the integration of computational and graphic works
Authors: Lazar V V , Kataev Yu V , Stepanov M V , Chepurina E L , Krasnyashikh K A
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the role and tasks of general technical training of future engineers, justifies the choice of general technical subject “Machine parts, design basics and lifting and transport machines” as a link between general and special subjects. The article reveals the possibilities of using integrative computational and graphic works to form the general technical competence of engineering students, the technological aspect of designing integrated content of general technical subjects on the example of developing end-to-end complex individual tasks.
Distance learning during self-isolation: comparative analysis
Authors: Kvashko L P , Aleksandrova L G , Shesternina V V , Erdakova L D , Kvashko V V
Published: December 2020

The article provides a comparative analysis of the methods of teaching mathematics to university students of the traditional face-to-face form of education and in the form of distance learning using electronic teaching aids. To compare these forms the main elements that make up the teaching methodology were highlighted: teaching methods, levels of mastering the content of education, the type of educational situation, types of feedback. Each element of the methodology was presented in the form of a hierarchical subsystem performing teaching functions at different levels of assimilation. In the course of the conducted polls of the students and teachers it was found out that the traditional teaching methodology worsened its didactic properties with the transition to a distance form. Therefore, in order to increase the effectiveness of teaching it is necessary to transfer the methodology to new principles of cyberpedagogy and create a closed educational process with a directed information flow.
Opportunities provided by use of Atomic Force Microscopy for studying Invertebrates hemocytes in training biology students
Authors: Prisnyi A A
Published: December 2020

Atomic Force Microscopy provides for probing of cellular characteristics, such as elasticity of cell membranes, adhesion between the probe and the sample, microrelief of cell surfaces, and linear dimensions of cells, including their height. In our study we utilized Atomic Force Microscopy to measure physical parameters of blood cells of invertebrates within the framework of the process of education of biology students. In order to measure elasticity and adhesion, we used an Atomic Force Microscope Integra Vita NT-MDT, and cells were scanned in semi-contact mode. We used NSG3 (NT-MDT) silicon tips with hardness of 1.4 N/m, curvature radius of 10 nm. Young’s modulus describes elastic properties of the cell membrane. For hemocytes of invertebrates, this parameter computed at different points of the same cell varied significantly. The difference between the greatest and the smallest values suggests that computation of mean elasticity for hemocytes of invertebrates is not informative. It is a well-known fact that Young’s moduli computed for central and peripheral portions of a cell are different, and, thus, in this study the values were grouped by their location. The experiment revealed no difference between elastic properties of central and peripheral portions of blood cells of invertebrates.
Dublin Descriptors
Authors: Masaev S N , Dorrer G A , Vingert V V , Yakimova E A , Klochkov S V
Published: December 2020

Dublin descriptors are under consideration. It is part of one of the global integration processes between European countries and Russia, which began in 1999. It causes a lot of controversy and approval from different sides. For the sake of clarity, an assessment is being made of the industrial application of the Dublin Descriptors. The assessment is based on the method of integral indicators. To use the method, the enterprise is formalized as a model of events at each moment in time. Each event in the enterprise is tied to the student’s skill. Accordingly, students’ skills are grouped by educational level. Education levels are given as Dublin descriptors. The chosen approach makes it possible to determine the correlation between levels of education and skills. It makes it possible to analyze meaningful interconnection. A universal assessment of the use of Dublin descriptors in the enterprise allows the formation of up-to-date lists of employees for higher education, professional development and training.
The high industrial Education 4.0 soft skills and hard skills
Authors: Gurjanov A V , Zakoldaev D A , Shukalov A V , Zharinov I O
Published: December 2020

The industrial high education is done as multi-layer preparation, which includes the professional and over professional competences development necessary to work in a production. The worker individual base is done as soft skills and hard skills, which are successfully implemented in work groups. The Hard skills education influences the student professional knowledge. The Soft skills education forms the worker emotional stability to make their career boost. The isolated education environment does not provide the full and simultaneous student soft skills and hard skills development that why the preparation system has some career centers resources organized in a production. The joint tutor methods form the student all types of knowledge and skills who are capable to demonstrate their abilities in looking for an industry job. There is high school and production interaction format described for student soft skills and hard skills being developed with different poles. The tutor technics have a significance based on non-auditory practical lections. It is clear that the industrial high education specifics could be the education plan elective courses dominating number to cover up the student interests in maximum who want to make their own education route and influence their career development in education environment.
Competence-oriented tasks as a means of forming natural science literacy
Authors: Platonova T P , Pakusina A P
Published: December 2020

Science literacy is an important component of functional literacy. An effective means of forming functional literacy, that is, the ability to solve standard life tasks in various fields of activity on the basis of applied knowledge, are competence-oriented tasks. Competence-oriented tasks are successfully used in the study of disciplines for students in agricultural and engineering fields. The article provides types and examples of subject, interdisciplinary and practical competence-oriented tasks with chemical and biological content. Competence-oriented tasks differ from traditional ones in that the condition of the task is formulated as a plot, situation or problem, for the solution of which it is necessary to use knowledge that is not explicitly indicated in the text of the task.
Experience of teaching geometric modeling at schools and universities
Authors: Balyakin A V , Chempinsky L A
Published: December 2020

This paper presents the requirements to specialists willing to work in state-of-the-art mechanical engineering as well as the related requirements to teaching geometric modeling at school, where students are supposed to learn the principles behind 3D modeling of natural and man-made objects and to study the issues of making 3D model-based parts on CNC machines. The paper also covers an elective course program designed to teach high school students to model and manufacture parts. Students of Samara Aerospace Lyceum have made projects as part of such learning, which are also presented herein. The article further dwells upon the scope and the curriculum of the geometric modeling course taught at the Engineering Graphics Department, Samara University, as part of the Aircraft and Rocket Engine Design degree, and analyzes the students’ projects made on individual assignments. The authors conclude on the effectiveness of said training.
Development of methods for increasing the performance of rubber cord shells of pneumatic shock absorbers
Authors: Chemisenko O V , Gnoyevykh Y S , Levochkina N A , Eremin E N , Lyamtsev A V
Published: December 2020

The article examines the effect of temperature on the change in the characteristics of tribotechnical properties in a pair of friction "rubber-metal". The reasons for the decrease in the efficiency and durability of rubber-cord casings and pneumatic shock absorbers are analyzed.
Research of numerical methods for solving ordinary differential equations in MS Excel
Authors: Trofimets E N , Trofimets V Ya
Published: December 2020

Methods of Euler and Runge-Kutta are the most famous ones among the numerical methods for solving ordinary differential equations. Euler’s method has slow convergence; therefore, methods of a higher order of accuracy are often used. There are various modifications of the Euler method to increase its accuracy. Euler methods are mostly common corrected and modified. The corrected and modified Euler methods are second-order methods; their accuracy is proportional to h2. Based on a comparative analysis of the obtained results of the study of numerical methods for solving ordinary differential equations in MS Excel, it was found that the modified Euler’s method provides the highest accuracy.
Development of professional competencies of bachelors in applied Informatics to create an advertising product by means of information technologies
Authors: Alekseeva N R , Lavina T A , Vanyulin A N , Zakharova A N
Published: December 2020

The article describes the experience of teachers of the Russian regional university in training IT specialists to develop an advertising product, while it is considered as an information resource developed as a result of targeted information activities of specialists. The article considers the structure and content of the components of professional competence of bachelors in the field of creating an advertising product by means of IT technologies, taking into account the levels of competence development of students in accordance with the development stages of an advertising product. The indicators of components of the considered professional competence are given, taking into account its development levels. Studying at the University, Bachelor students in the training course of "Applied Informatics" (speciality "Applied Informatics in design") get experience in creating an advertising product using IT technologies on the basis of methods of quasi-professional activity. For more effective training in this field, the following pedagogical conditions are developed and experimentally tested: a modular content structure of preparation for the use of IT technologies to create an advertising product, taking into account its development stages; the internal university training of teachers to use the information and communication technologies in the area of general pedagogical and subject orientation; the formation of experience of the bachelor quasi-professional activity on applied informatics through imitation of the future professional environment in the information and communication conditions of the university. Based on the example of conducted empirical research, that students of "Applied Informatics" course at the Russian University took part in, it is concluded that the purposeful implementation of special pedagogical conditions significantly affects the formation of all components of professional competence of bachelors in the field of development of an advertising product.
Features of engineering thinking development by means of 3D technologies
Authors: Mamaeva E A , Masharova T V , Podlevskikh M N , Shilyaeva S V , Batakova E L
Published: December 2020

The problem that the study is aimed at is due to the need to create a special engineering style of thinking within the digital learning space, which implies a willingness to research, creativity, responsibility, intellectual skills, and supported by modern high-tech tools to provide resources for solving the problems of formation of Industry 4.0. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the use of 3D technology for the formation of engineering thinking, as an important competence of the in-demand specialist in the digital society. The methodology is based on theoretical and methodological analysis and generalization of fundamental scientific works, the significance of which in the field of digitalization of education, training of engineering and technical personnel, three-dimensional modeling, application of software for the development of thinking, is recognized by the scientific community. The paper specifies the essence of the concept of “engineering thinking” precisely in the context of training specialists for Industry 4.0 and substantiates the potential of 3D-technologies for the formation of engineering thinking as an essential skill of in-demand professionals of the future. The authors formulate the principles and directions of support by the mentor of the research activities of students in 3D modeling. The system of work on an interdisciplinary project with the allocation of skills significant for the formation of engineering thinking is presented. In conclusion, the features of the formation of engineering thinking by means of 3D technologies are summarized in the process of the entire learning path from preschool education to professional retraining.
Application of greedy algorithms for the formation of the educational schedule in the higher education
Authors: Popov A A , Lopateeva O N , Ovsyankin A K , Satsuk M M
Published: December 2020

The problem of improving the quality of the organization of the educational process in a higher educational institution (university) is solved by using greedy algorithms. This task is the main one in the activity of the dispatching service of each university. A well-prepared schedule should ensure a uniform load of student groups and faculty. A greedy algorithm is an algorithm consisting in making locally optimal decisions at each stage, assuming that the final solution also turns out to be optimal. A greedy resource allocation algorithm refers to an algorithm according to which the resource allocation process can be represented as a sequence of steps. At each step, an optimal distribution of some resources occurs under certain conditions, which does not change in the future. Numerous attempts to automate the process of forming the university curriculum did not solve the problem in full. Accordingly, in order to solve this problem more effectively, as well as reduce the time and money spent on resource allocation, it is necessary to optimize existing solutions. The purpose of this work is to develop an algorithm that will improve the quality of curriculum formation based on the use of greedy algorithms.
Information and communication technology in the professional activity of higher school teachers
Authors: Priimak E V , Razina I S
Published: December 2020

In modern education, the competence approach is becoming increasingly popular, it involves the implementation of educational programs aimed at developing the ability of an individual to independently apply the knowledge and skills acquired in their professional activities in a certain context. One of the priorities for the development of the modern information society is the Informatization of education–the process of improving the educational process through the introduction of information and communication technologies. Information and communication technologies allow to implement interactive communication of all participants of the educational process with each other, as well as provide students with educational materials and educational information stored on various information devices.
Student’s educational goal and formalization of its representation in E-learning
Authors: Andryushchenko L B , Filimonova S I , Sleptsova M V , Pakhomova E , Kravtsov B
Published: December 2020

The transition to e-learning implies the student’s independent setting of the individual educational goal. In this case, the educational platform of the university is used as a pedagogical tool for calculating the optimal educational trajectory and ensuring the student’s guaranteed achievement of the educational goal by organizing the educational process on the specified platform. The main problem here is the formalization of the individual educational goal of the student with programming languages of various levels. The authors propose an algorithm for formalizing the individual educational goal of a student and building on its basis a logical-semantic model of the educational process, suitable for implementation by means of computer technology. It is shown that in the logical-semantic model of the educational process, the individual educational goal of the student can be adequately described by the pedagogical category "Educational situation", which is defined as a set, the elements of which are quantitative values of the level of formation and development of basic qualities of competencies. It is concluded that the educational platform of the university in this case is a set of educational situations of various levels, and the student is the current educational situation. It is shown that the current educational situation and educational situations of the educational platform of the university are equal sets on a single scale, which makes it possible to carry out mathematical operations for comparing sets. Based on the results obtained during the comparison operations, a conclusion is made about the achievement of the educational goal by the student, or the individual trajectory of its achievement is calculated. The description of the pedagogical experiment is given. Based on the data obtained, a conclusion is made about the adequacy of the model to the process under consideration.
State final certification using distant learning technologies
Authors: Mamontova S A , Kovaleva Yu P , Kolpakova O P , Goryunova O I , Agapova T V
Published: December 2020

This publication analyzes and summarizes the experience of conducting the state final certification of students using distant learning technologies on the example of the Institute of Land Management, Cadastres and Environmental Engineering of Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. The analysis was carried out taking into account the opinions of all participants of the state final certification process, namely: representatives of employers and teaching staff, supervisors of graduate qualification works, secretaries and graduates. As a result of summarizing interviews and questionnaires of participants, conclusions are drawn that determine the strengths and weaknesses of organizing and conducting the defense of graduate qualification works using distant learning technologies, which allow us to formulate suggestions for optimizing the process of defense and amending the existing Regulations of conducting the state final certification.
Use of popular electronic resources to improve the visibility of the course solving tasks in preparing students for USE in computer science
Authors: Lyubutov O D , Zaslavskaya O Yu
Published: December 2020

Currently, the main way to check the quality of education in schools in the Russian Federation is the state final certification, conducted in the format of a unified state exam. The unified state exam in computer science includes 27 tasks of various levels of complexity. Analysis of statistics on the success of various tasks shows that students experience the greatest difficulties when solving task number 23. To increase the visibility of the process of solving this task, you can use the well-known electronic resource MS Excel, which is part of the Microsoft MSOffice package. This electronic resource has a built-in programming language Visual Basic for Application, with which you can significantly expand the functionality of MS Excel. Written in Visual Basic for Application, the macro allows the student not only to get the correct answer, but also to view the problem solution tree, compare it with their own solution, and identify errors in their solution if there is a discrepancy. This article is devoted to the methodology of using this electronic resource in the process of preparing students for the unified state exam in computer science.
Information and communication technologies and their use in additional and higher education
Authors: Ivanova N G , Shcheblyakov E S , Kurbatova S M , Rahinsky D V , Kuzhleva A A
Published: December 2020

In the light of recent events (COVID 19), we are increasingly hearing about the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process. Moreover, the use of the information and educational environment in the current epidemiological situation is relevant and in demand for all educational institutions without exception, since only it can, in a situation of distancing, provide high-quality meaningful education that meets all the requirements of modern times and the demands of society. Currently, among the main requirements of our time, the state is faced with the task of strengthening the quality of education, which is responsible for the training of highly qualified specialists. This means that the system of higher and additional education is becoming the leading ones in the training of such personnel. Achieving high quality education that meets the requirements of didactics and scientific and technological progress of society is possible with the introduction of modern practice-oriented, individualized forms of education into the practice of universities and additional education. Among such forms of education, one of the most popular and relevant are information and communication technologies.
Problems of digital transformation of laboratory practicum during teaching of natural science disciplines
Authors: Korshunov A V , Knyazeva E M
Published: December 2020

The problems of increasing the share of digital learning resources in educational practice for the natural science disciplines, in particular chemistry, within the system of higher technical educational institutions have been analyzed. The elements that should include a laboratory practicum, which is delivered with the use of information and communication technologies, are considered. The necessity of combined use of virtual elements of the practicum with the implementation of real experimental laboratory work is reasoned. One of the possible forms of implementation of virtual laboratory work in chemistry is considered, the necessary components in the content, structure and form of interaction between the teacher and students when performing such work are noted. The problems of digital transformation of laboratory practice during teaching of general and inorganic chemistry are discussed.
Technology and digitalization: organization of scientific research in the magistracy
Authors: Kononova O V , Prokudin D E
Published: December 2020

The problem of effective search, explication, and analysis of contextual knowledge is associated with an ever-increasing volume of available information, its non-formalization and poor structuredness, a high rate of updating of scientific knowledge, the polysemy of the terminological base used, the transfer of terms from one subject area to another without the necessary interpretation and adaptation. The existing tools for searching, explicating and analysing contextual knowledge are of little demand due to the lack of meaningful information both about the tools themselves and about the methods and algorithms for their application in science and practice, as well as the limited set of services provided by analytical software. The educational-methodical complex “Technologies of data extraction and mining in scientific research” is aimed at the formation of research and analytical competencies of undergraduates. The results of mastering the educational product will allow undergraduates to consciously apply in research practice an integrated approach (synthetic method) to the search and analysis of contextual knowledge, to use analytical software and environments with built-in services for explication, clustering, and statistical processing of scientific texts on the basis of this approach.