bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Analysis of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors in 1,508 Indian Adults Stratified by Age and Gender
Authors: Thanvi Sunil S. , Karna Sunil K. , Patel Utsav B
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Routine screening of healthy individuals for the presence of cardiovascular risk factors is important for identification of high-risk coronary artery disease (CAD) patients at early stage and to provide preventive care. Considering the high burden of CAD, such investigations are of significant importance in Indian context. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, adult individuals (18 – 68 years) were evaluated for pre-existing diseases, lipid profile, blood glucose profile, thyroid profile, haemoglobin (Hb) and vitamins D3 and B12 levels after obtaining informed consent. These variables were compared between patients stratified based on their gender and age (< 40, 40 – 60, > 60 years). RESULTS A total of 1,508 participants (mean age: 49 ± 11 years; 49.9 % females) were investigated. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, anaemia, vitamin D3 and B12 deficiencies, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism were observed in 31.2 %, 26.5 %, 32.0 %, 8.6 %, 35.3 %, 25.1 %, 21.0 % and 0.6 % of patients respectively. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia increased with ageing, while deficiencies of Hb, vitamin D3, and vitamin B12 as well as hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were comparable across all age groups. Males were more prone to hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia, while females were more prone to have Hb deficiency, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood sugar (FBS), vitamin D3, and vitamin B12 were elevated with increase in age, while Hb levels decreased. Males exhibited higher levels of TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), TC / HDL, LDL / HDL, FBS, and Hb, while females displayed higher levels of vitamin D3 and B12. CONCLUSIONS Our findings verify the role of age and gender on majority of cardiovascular risk factors. The high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is alarming and demands the need for appropriate health-care measures. KEYWORDS Age, Coronary Artery Disease, Gender, Risk Factor
Французская философия классической эпохи и наши дни: два образа современности
Authors: Дьяков Александр Владимирович
Published: March 2021

Работа посвящена проблеме философской современности как концептуальному понятию, фиксирующему ключевые моменты самоосмысления современной философии. Автором предложено типизировать философскую рефлексию о современности таким образом, чтобы можно было говорить о различных ее моделях. С помощью сравнительного анализа современности классической эпохи и современности нашего времени выделены ключевые моменты в обоих случаях философской рефлексии и обозначены черты их сходства и различия. Отталкиваясь от продуктивной мысли М. Фуко, автор предлагает рассматривать классическую модель современности с точки зрения ее опоры на традицию истории и рождающейся в век Просвещения историографии, тогда как сегодняшняя модель, по мысли автора, отличается радикальным разрывом с исторической традицией и опорой на юридическо-философский дискурс. Автор приходит к заключению о невозможности интегрального определения феномена современности как уникального эпистемологического порога, не принимая в то же время крайностей культурологического определения этого явления как периодически повторяющегося и типически воспроизводимого.
Safety and Efficacy of Secondary Prophylactic in Patients with Severe Hemophilia Type A and B: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Goudarzi Reza , Seraji Shirin , Amiresmaili Mohammad Reza , Gharibnavaz Hasan
Published: March 2021

Context: Patients with hemophilia receive coagulation factor replacement for a lifetime. In Iran, on-demand treatment method is used as a standard. Clinical studies have shown significant improvements in clinical and economic outcomes as a result of the use of prophylaxis compared with other therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prophylaxis in patients with severe hemophilia type A and B.
Evidence Acquisition: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prophylaxis treatment in patients with severe hemophilia. To this response, all clinical trials, cohorts, and case-control studies, which have been investigated, were published between 1970 to Sep of 2017. STROBE and CONSORT checklists have been used according to the type of study to assess the quality of the study reports, and the results have been analyzed in STATA by meta-analysis methods.
Results: A total of 1439 studies were found in primary search and 17 of them had an inclusion criteria. The mean annual bleeding rate in prophylays treatment was 2.8 times per person/year. This study also showed that in prophylaxis, the average incidence of adverse effects was 0.13 cases, and the severe adverse effects was 0.06 cases per person/year.
Conclusions: The analysis of the studies entered in this evaluation showed that the adverse effects were significantly lower in patients treated with prophylaxis than in patients treated with on-demand treatment. This difference was observed in severe adverse effect, however, it was not statistically significant; this shows that prophilaxis is safer than the on-demand method. The lower annual bleeding rate in prophylaxis compared with the on-demand treatment method is also a sign of the effectiveness of prophilaxis.
Cost-effectiveness of Growth Hormone and its Consumption Indications: A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluation Studies
Authors: Pakdaman Mohsen , Golmakani Fahimeh , Dehghan Hamid Reza , Valagohar Reza , Beik Yazdi Akram , Namayande Mahdiye
Published: March 2021

Context: Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is one of the main reasons for short stature in children, which can be treated by early diagnosis. Stature is an appropriate measure to assess a child’s overall growth and health, and one’s height can affect his psychosocial and social well-being. Human growth hormone (HGH) has extensive effects on biological processes as well as height. Due to the high cost of growth hormone (GH) drugs, in most countries GH is prescribed according to scientific indications.
Methods: The present study was a systematic review, which examined PICOD- based case studies published from the beginning of 2002 to February 2019 on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, SID, Embase, and Magiran databases in the field of health technology assessment and the economic evaluation. According to the inclusion criteria, 11 relevant articles were selected in the present study.
Results: The findings showed that GH therapy was effective in increasing patients’ quality of life, and that the growth rate of children treated with GH was more than 2.5 cm per year, in comparison to the control group. Furthermore, the results of the studies indicated the cost-effectiveness of GH since the cost of each centimeter height increase in children was on average US $20,000, and the incremental cost effectiveness ratio varies based on QALY’s criteria in studies for various indications (Turner syndrome, idiopathic short stature, growth hormone deficiency, Prader Willi syndrome, Infants small for gestational age (SGA), chronic renal failure (CRF) and (SHOX-D). The highest cost efficacy per QALY was for growth hormone deficiency (from £20,000 to £30,000), and the lowest cost efficacy is for Prader Willi (from £55,000 to £135,000).
Conclusions: Studies showed that GH increases the height of the children treated with GHD, compared to the control children; hence, the use of growth hormone is recommended after doing the experiments for all children with GHD. This issue can be considered by health policy makers to implement in healthcare programs.
INTERNATIONAL LAW BASES OF REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTIC ENGINEERING
Authors:   Senior Research Scientist of the Kazan Innovative University named after V.G. Timiryasov (IEML) PhD (Law), Honored Lawyer of the Republic of Tatarstan, Begishev Ildar R.
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the features of international legal regulation of the development and application of artificial intelligence and robotics in the world. The focus of international organizations on maintaining an optimal balance between the interests of society and the state in creating a global regulation of the introduction of systems with artificial intelligence is revealed. The necessity of consolidation of the world community in the development of a conceptual international document on the principles and basic principles of regulation of artificial intelligence and robotics is justified.
THE TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION PRINCIPLE IN THEORETICAL AND COMPARATIVE LAW ASPECTS
Authors:   Lecturer of the Department of the French Language of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO-University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Tatarinov Matvey K.
Published: March 2021

The article considers the concept and scope of the territorial principle of establishing criminal jurisdiction in the form in which it is reflected in the doctrine, documents of the International Law Commission and legislation of Russia and foreign countries. It has been demonstrated that the territorial principle is understood more broadly to cover situations where the crime hasn’t been committed on the territory of one state only. This leads to the development of concepts that are mixed with extraterritorial principles (the doctrine of “effect”). In this regard, various approaches to the content of the territorial principle are proposed, and their practicability and applicability are evaluated.
ELECTRONIC WILL: A MYTH OR REALITY
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Institute of State and Law of the Tyumen State University PhD (Law), Gorina Natalia V. , Gerasimova Natalya N. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Institute of State and Law of the Tyumen State University Judge Emeritus
Published: March 2021

This article is devoted to the problems of notary activity related to registration of inheritance rights using digital technologies. Inheritance by will is one of the most common grounds for the emergence of property rights of citizens. At the same time, there are new forms of disposal of their property in the order of inheritance. So, in 2016, lawmakers attempted to introduce an oral form of a will, but the proposal was not included in the civil code of the Russian Federation. Notaries, like any other specialists in the modern world, use information and communication technologies. The result of using information tools is making a will by using audio and video digital equipment. The most common idea today is to create an official state website for electronic wills. This would greatly facilitate the enforcement of the civil code. In connection with innovations, certain problems will arise, the solutions to which the authors suggest in their article.
THE ROLE OF THE NOTARIAL SYSTEM IN INHERITANCE OF ENTERPRISES WITH NO CORPORATE STATUS
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Southwest State University Senior Research Scientist of the Department of Theory of State and Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law of the South Ural State University, PhD (Law), Kirillova Elena A.
Published: March 2021

The article considers the role of the notary in the inheritance of enterprises without the formation of a legal entity. At the present stage, many individual entrepreneurs create enterprises without forming a legal entity, but when inheriting such an enterprise, there are problems of separating the enterprise from the personal property of citizens. In this regard, it is proposed to carry out the state registration and statement on the cadastral accounting of a business without forming a legal entity. The role of a notary will be significantly increased if the mandatory state registration of an enterprise without the formation of a legal entity is established by law.
The Family Law Status of a Parent: Some Issues of the Theory and Practice
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Disciplines of the National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kuptsova Olga V.
Published: March 2021

The article considers the legal status of the parent as a special legal status determined by family law of the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the heterogeneity of the legal status of the parent and the possibility of distinguishing in it a number of independent, having their own characteristics, sub-statuses: the status of an adult and a minor parent, full and limited status of a parent, the status of a parent living together with a child, and a parent living separately from a child. The concept of parent is characterized, the need to determine it by indicating not only consanguinity, but the totality of legal facts or to establish the origin of the child. Parental rights and obligations are distinguished as elements of the family legal status of the parent, non-property and property rights, basic and derivative rights, non-property and property obligations of parents are analyzed. Given the existing approaches to determining the legal status and its structure, it is proposed to determine the family legal status of the parent. Measures are outlined to optimize the family-legal position of the parent in terms of ensuring the enforceability of the obligation to support the child and establishing the obligation to compensate for moral damage caused to the child and the other parent.
Residential Premise Under a Social Rent Agreement: General Characteristics
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Entrepreneurial Law of the All-Russian State University of Justice (ARSUJ (RLA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia)) PhD (Law), Basos Evgenia V.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the characteristics of dwellings provided under a social lease agreement in turn order so that to improve the living conditions and if it is impossible to use the existing residential premises for their intended purpose. In accordance with the results of the analysis of acts of housing legislation and materials of judicial practice, the author formulated proposals for improving legal regulation in this area.
Paraoxonase 1 activity as a new biochemical marker in the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease
Authors: SAVAŞ Hasan Basri , ETLİ Mustafa
Published: March 2021

Aim: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease. It is seen in older ages. It causes cardiovascular morbidity

and mortality. PAD may progress without any symptoms. Despite its high frequency, there is no laboratory parameter

that directly indicates peripheral arterial disease in routine biochemical tests. The relationship between oxidative stress

increase and PAD is known. In this study, it is aimed to show the possible usage of the activities of the antioxidant enzymes

paraoxonase 1 and arylesterase as a new marker in the diagnosis of PAD.

Material and Methods: A total of 70 individuals, including 35 in the control group and 35 peripheral artery patients, were

included in this study. The collected blood serums were separated and stored at -80 °C. Paraoxonase 1 and arylesterase

activities were measured using the spectrophotometric method in the serum which was dissolved at room temperature.

The results were subjected to statistical analysis. P
Böbrek fonksiyonu bozuk hastalarda pompa destekli atan kalpte koroner bypass: Akut renal hasar gelişimini önleyebilir miyiz?
Authors: ERSOY Özgür , BEYAZPINAR Deniz Sartp , GÜNERTEM Eren
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Böbrek fonksiyonları bozuk olan olgularda böbrekleri korumak amacı ile farklı koroner bypass ameliyatı teknikleri kullanılabilir. Konvansiyonel koroner arter bypass greftleme tekniğinde kardiyopulmoner bypassa (KPB) girilerek, hipotermi uygulanmakta, aorta klemplenerek kardiyopleji ile kardiyak arrest sağlanmaktadir. Pompa destekli atan kalpte bypass greftleme tekniğinde ise ortalama arteriyel basıncı belli düzeyde tutmak amacıyla ihtiyaç duyulması halinde KPB’a girilmektedir. Hipotermiden kaçınılmakta, aorta klempi ve kardiyopleji kullanılmamaktadır. Bu çalışmamızda, böbrek fonksiyonları bozuk olan olgularda, konvansiyonel yöntem ile pompa destekli atan kalpte yapılan koroner bypass ameliyatı olan hastalarda gelişen akut renal hasarlanma ve diyaliz gereksinimi açısından karşılaştırdık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Klinigimizde 3 yıl içerisinde koroner arter hastalığı nedeniyle izole koroner arter bypass greft cerrahisi uygulanan ve serum kreatinin düzeyi 1,3 mg/dl’den yüksek olan 48 olgu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Atan kalpte pompa destekli yöntem uygulanan 24 olgu Grup I, konvansiyonel yöntem uygulanan 24 olgu Grup II olarak kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Preoperatif değerlendirmede böbrek fonksiyon testleri açısından her iki grup arasında farklılık yoktu. KPB öncesi ve KPB esnasında idrar outputları, yoğun bakım kalış süreleri, akut renal hasarlanma ve diyaliz gereksinimleri açısından anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p<0.05). Grup I’ de 24 olgunun dördünde (%16,66); Grup 2’de ise 24 olgunun 18’ inde (%75) akut böbrek hasarı saptandı. Grup I olgularında diyaliz ihtiyacı saptanmazken, Grup II’ de sekiz hastada diyaliz ihtiyacı olduğu görüldü (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Eşlik eden hastalıkların varlığında koroner arter bypass greftleme de mortalite, morbidite ve sağlık harcamalarının artması sebebi ile farklı teknikler geliştirilmektedir. Çalışmamızda serum kreatinin düzeyi 1,3 mg/dl’nin üzerinde olan olgularda ABH ve diyaliz ihtiyaçları konvansiyonel yöntem ile daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kreatinin seviyeleri yüksek olan ve ameliyat sonrası dönemde böbrek problemleri ile karşılaşabileceğimizi düşündüğümüz olgularda pompa destekli atan kalpte bypass ameliyatı iyi bir seçenek olabilir.
Organizacija in nadzor policije v izbranih državah: Zbornik raziskovalnega dela študentov Fakultete za varnostne vede in Pravne fakultete Univerze v Mariboru
Authors: Flander Benjamin , Tičar Bojan , Modic Maja , Lobnikar Branko , Cvikl Lana
Published: March 2021

Prispevki v zborniku obravnavajo organizacijo policije in ureditev nadzora nad policijo v štirih izbranih državah: Kanadi, Italiji, Franciji in Hrvaški. Zbornik je nastal v okviru ciljnega raziskovalnega projekta »Učinkovitost sistemskega nadzora nad policijo na področju spoštovanja človekovih pravic ter zakonskih in strokovnih standardov policijskega dela« (CRP V5-1942), ki smo ga novembra 2019 začeli izvajati na Fakulteti za varnostne vede. Raziskava, ki jo sofinancirata Javna agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije in Ministrstvo za notranje zadeve, je osredotočena na ureditev in izvajanje nadzora nad policijo v Sloveniji, vključuje pa tudi pregled sistemov nadzora nad policijo v izbranih državah članicah Evropske unije in neevropskih državah. Sledeč strateškim usmeritvam fakultete smo raziskovalci v delu projekta, ki vključuje pregled ureditve nadzora v tujini, k sodelovanju povabili študente in študentke dodiplomskih in podiplomskih študijskih programov. Analiza je pokazala, da je za izbrane države značilno, da so uveljavile različne modele organizacije in nadzora nad policijo, za vse pa je značilna kombinacija različnih oblik notranjega in (neodvisnega) zunanjega nadzora. Tako organizacija policije kot tudi sistem njenega nadzora se v izbranih državah razlikujeta tudi po stopnji decentralizacije ter večji ali manjši razpršenosti, ki je značilna tudi za ureditev v Sloveniji.
Dependencies between Variables from the Area of the Monetary and Fiscal Policy in the European Union Countries
Authors: Stawska Joanna
Published: March 2021

Research background: The core of coordinating a monetary and fiscal policy (policy mix) is based on combining both policies to achieve goals related to price stability, as well as economic growth and employment. In turn, the decisions of economic authorities in the monetary-fiscal game have a significant impact on economic variables in the economy. In the economic literature, the importance of monetary and fiscal policy coordination is emphasized as it has a positive effect on the stability of the economy. Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to identify the dependencies between variables in the scope of fiscal policy and monetary policy under existing economic conditions and then assess their impact on the economy in the EU countries.

Methods: To achieve this objective, the following research methods were used: a review of the scientific literature, a presentation of statistical data, and statistical research methods.

Findings & Value added: The rationale for adopting such issues is to examine the impact of the financial crisis on the decisions of central banks and governments in the EU. The financial crisis has affected a change in the approach to conducting monetary and fiscal policy. The changing economic conditions forced economic authorities to take many decisions that affected the interaction between the central bank and the governments in the EU Member States. In many EU countries in the discussed period, there were significant interdependencies between variables in both monetary and fiscal policy.
Priorities for Greening and the Sustainable Development of OECD Member Countries and Ukraine: a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Dovgal Olena , Goncharenko Nataliia , Reshetnyak Olena , Dovgal Georgiy , Danko Natalia
Published: March 2021

The article focuses on identifying priority areas for greening and sustainable development for OECD countries and Ukraine. They aim to achieve overall progress in the interaction between the economy and the environment. Additionally, the aim is to create prerequisites for encouraging innovation and investment to find new sources of economic growth that are compatible with ecosystems that are capable of recovering from damage. It has been demonstrated that although the global goals of greening economies are relevant for all countries, they must be tailored to the regional and national specificities, as well as each country’s level of economic development. The study used general qualitative and quantitative methods of economic research, including systematic, comparative analysis, methods of logical and statistical analysis, and index method, among others. The applied theoretical and methodological approach allowed us to identify general trends in the development of environmental factors in the OECD countries and Ukraine and their impact on economic growth. Specifically, the study analyzes the current state of affairs and perspectives for greening and sustainable development based on a comprehensive assessment of the level of greening in these economies and the relationship between the internal ecological environment – assessed using the indicators of “green growth” – and their economic development. The article also justifies priorities for greening and sustainable development and suggests practical measures for their implementation. They can serve as a basis for developing a policy of effective environmental management and elaborating a national system of environmentally friendly management and administration.
The Competitive Position of the Economy of Poland (against the Backdrop of the Visegrad Group Countries and the Baltic States) – Changes and Determinants in the Post-accession Period
Authors: Molendowski Edward
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of an analysis that compares changes in Poland’s competitive position against the backdrop of the Visegrad Group (V4) countries and the Baltic States (BS3) in the post-accession period (2006–2017). This type of study has not been presented in detail in the available literature before. Therefore, the article may significantly contribute to bridging the gap.

The study employs a comparative analysis of secondary data concerning the indices and pillars of economic competitiveness described in The Global Competitiveness Reports prepared by the World Economic Forum. An important element of the examination was the endeavour to identify major determinants of those developments. The article ends with a summary of the most significant conclusions from the analysis presented. As confirmed by the examination, the countries covered differed widely regarding the improvement of their competitive positions in the post-accession period.
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННОМУ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ СОДЕРЖАНИЙ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В УГЛЯХ И УГЛИСТЫХ ПОРОДАХ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МЕТОДОВ ИСП-МС И ИНАА
Authors: Зарубина Наталья Владимировна , Блохин Максим Геннадьевич , Остапенко Дмитрий Сергеевич , Чекрыжов Игорь Юрьевич , Арбузов Сергей Иванович , Судыко Александр Федорович
Published: March 2021

Актуальность исследования обусловлена значительным интересом ученых, работающих в области угольной геологии, и специалистов химико-аналитических лабораторий, практикующих элементный количественный анализ объектов окружающей среды, к проблематике высокоточного определения низких содержаний химических элементов в углях и угольных материалах для последующего применения полученных данных при решении научных и различных технологических задач. Цель: рассмотреть и обобщить наиболее часто используемые методические подходы к определению химических элементов в широком диапазоне их содержаний в углях (угольных материалах), а также оценить правильность и точность результатов метода ИСП-МС после открытого кислотного разложения проб и их сплавления с метаборатом лития, сопоставлением получаемых данных с результатами метода ИНАА и статистической обработкой данных. Объекты: угли, углистые алевролиты и углефицированная древесина месторождения германия Спецугли, расположенного на юго-западной окраине Ханкайского массива в восточной части Павловской угленосной впадины, Приморский край. Методы: масс-спектрометрия с индуктивно-связанной плазмой (ИСП-МС), применённая после перевода исследуемых образцов в растворенную форму, и неразрушающий метод количественного инструментального нейтронно-активационного анализа (ИНАА). Для обработки полученных результатов были использованы методы математической статистики. Результаты. Получены результаты ИСП-МС анализа трех стандартных образцов утвержденного типа (СО) состава золы уноса угля КАТЭКа ГСО 9237-2008 (ЗУК-2), золы бурого угля Азейского месторождения ГСО 7177-95 (ЗУА-1) и битуминозного угля CLB-1 Геологической службы США, представленные в виде данных об их микроэлементном составе в сравнении с аттестованными и рекомендованными значениями. Результаты определения части элементов, приведенные нами, дополняют представленные в паспорте данные по этим СО. Проведено сопоставление ИСП-МС результатов анализа для проб углей и углистых пород после различных способов химической пробоподготовки: методики открытого кислотного разложения и сплавления с метаборатом лития. Изучено поведение отдельных элементов во время этих процессов. Выполнено сравнение полученных данных по ИСП-МС и ИНАА методам. Все результаты обработаны метрологически, и показано их допустимое расхождение.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ БИОПОЛИМЕРНЫХ БУРОВЫХ РАСТВОРОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ВЫСОКОМИНЕРАЛИЗОВАННЫХ ПЛАСТОВЫХ ВОД ВОСТОЧНОЙ СИБИРИ
Authors: Буглов Николай Александрович , Аверкина Елена Владимировна , Устюжанин Александр Олегович , Красинская Анастасия Сергеевна
Published: March 2021

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью полезного использования попутно добываемых с нефтью пластовых вод в качестве основы для приготовления минерализованных соленасыщенных буровых растворов при бурении на месторождениях Восточной Сибири. Цель: исследовать и предложить полимерные системы буровых растворов на основе пластовых вод Восточной Сибири. Объекты: пластовая вода Даниловского и Ичединского нефтегазоконденсатных месторождений, рецептуры и компоненты современных систем полимерных буровых растворов. Методы: инструментальные методы определения параметров буровых растворов по ГОСТ 33213-2014 и РД 39-00147001-773-2004 (фильтрационные и реологические свойства); описание образцов, сравнение характеристик с растворами-аналогами. Результаты. Изучены и описаны физико-химические характеристики пластовых вод; приготовлены полимерные системы буровых растворов на основе чистой и разбавленной пластовой вод; проведены сравнительные исследования приготовленных растворов с растворами, применяющимися в настоящее время при строительстве скважин в Восточной Сибири; представлена описательная характеристика растворов и выдвинуты теории по взаимодействию используемых реагентов с пластовой водой. Установлено, что за счет высокого содержания хлоридов кальция и магния в пластовой воде процесс растворения полимерных реагентов может приостанавливаться, что приводит к полной потере всех вязкостных, фильтрационных и реологических свойств буровых растворов; содержание в пластовой воде в достаточном количестве магния (≥10 г/л) гарантирует получение гидрогель-магниевых буровых растворов; применение попутных пластовых вод позволит снизить материальные и временные затраты, связанные с насыщением раствора на поверхности, одновременно предупредить кавернообразование и в значительной степени предотвратить растворимость соленосных пород.
In vitro Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Effects on Cell Cycle Kinetics and Schedule-Dependent Effects Induced by Paclitaxel on C6 and CHO-K1 Cell Lines
Authors: Bhat Mohammad Aamir , Varshneya Chandresh , Bhardwaj Pallavi , Patel Rajendra Damu , Panda Ashok Kumar
Published: March 2021

Exposure of C6 and CHO-K1 cells to different concentrations of the antineoplastic drug paclitaxel resulted in a loss of cellular viability. The percentage of surviving cells fell significantly after 48 hours of treatment and IC50 values observed were between 0.5 to 0.75 and 0.25 to 0.75 µg/ml in C6 and CHO-K1 cells, respectively. No significant cytotoxicity was observed after 24 hours of treatment and cells incubated at higher concentrations of paclitaxel showed increased survivability. Paclitaxel induced apoptosis by caspase 3/7 activation and caused accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Upon fluorescent microscopy, both the cell lines lost the morphology, confluence and adherence at 24 hours but effects were much more pronounced at 48 hours of treatment. The in vitro data suggested that paclitaxel is highly effective when there is prolonged exposure of tumor to the drug rather than increasing the intratumoral or biophasic concentration of the drug.
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Helminth Parasites of Himalayan goral (Naemorhedus goral) in Kazinag National Park, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Dar Jahangir Ahmad , Fazili Mustahson F. , Bhat Bilal A. , Ahmad Riyaz , Wani Ishfaq Nazir
Published: March 2021

Background: Natural populations of ungulates are threatened by pathogens and parasites with gastrointestinal parasites being the most widespread. Parasitic infestation is one of the major problems in the management and a growing concern for the conservation of threatened wild animal species. The current study was undertaken to evaluate prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in Himalayan goral (Naemorhedus goral) in Kazinag National Park (KNP) of Kashmir. Methods: From May 2018 to June 2020, a total of 463 fresh faecal samples of Himalayan goral were collected from Kazinag National Park. The samples were processed by the standard sedimentation and floatation techniques. Result: Out of 463 faecal samples examined, 236 were found infected with GIT helminthes. In the present study five helminth species were found including, four nematodes [Haemonchus contortus (35.70%), Trichuris ovis (23.40%), Strongyloides spp. (20.80%) and Trichostrongylus spp. (12.30%)] and one cestode [Moneizia expansa (8.00%)]. Based on the severity of infection, 80.6% of goral positive samples were severely infected (epg greater than 1,500), 9.4% heavily infected (epg = 1,100-1,500), 3.3% moderately infected (epg = 800-1,000) and 6.8% mildly infected (epg = 500). Epidemiological prevalence of GIT helminthes in goral was profoundly influenced by different seasons. The maximum helminth infection was observed in summer season and minimum in winter (p = 0.03). Mixed infection was observed in 206 fecal samples with a prevalence of 47.24%.
REKLAMLARDA DIŞ SESİN CİNSİYETİ: TELEVİZYON REKLAMLARI ÜZERİNDEN BİR ANALİZ
Authors: DEMİRCİ Kenan
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de yayınlanan televizyon reklamlarında dış sesin cinsiyetine dair tercihlerle, toplumsal cinsiyet yaklaşımı arasındaki bağıntıyı ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmada analiz birimi olarak televizyon reklamlarının seçilmesinin nedeni, diğer iletişim ürünleri gibi içerisinde toplumsal kabullere ilişkin mesajlar barındırması, bu sebeple toplumsal cinsiyet çalışmaları bakımından önemli bir alan olmasıdır. Türkiye’deki çalışmalara bakıldığında reklam ve toplumsal cinsiyete odaklanan çalışmaların yoğun olduğu görülmektedir. Ne var ki reklamlarda dış ses kullanımında cinsiyet tercihleri, uluslararası alanda önemli sayıda çalışmaya konu olsa da, Türkiye’de temel araştırma konusu olarak ele alınmamıştır. Bu çalışmada reklamlarda kullanılan dış sesin cinsiyetinin dağılımı üzerine bir analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada farklı kuşaklarda yer alan toplam 79 reklam, içerik analizi tekniği ile üç kategoride çözümlenmiştir. Reklamlarda dış ses kullanımında cinsiyetin genel dağılımı, farklı ürün kategorisi reklamlarında dış ses kullanımı ve kadınların reklamlarda görünürlüğü ile dış ses kullanımı arasındaki ilişki çalışmanın temel analiz kategorileri olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçta dış ses kullanımında uluslararası çalışmalara benzer biçimde ülkemizde de dış ses kullanımında erkek sesinin ağırlıkta olduğu saptanmıştır. Özellikle yüksek teknoloji ürünleri, bankacılık ve zincir market gibi sektör reklamlarında kadın dış ses kullanımının görülmediği bulunmuştur. Kadınlara reklam içerisinde ana karakter olarak erkeklerden daha fazla yer verildiğine dair bir veri elde edilmiştir.
REPRESENTATION OF FOOTBALL FAN IDENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF PARTICIPATORY CULTURE
Authors: SAYILKAN Özgün Evrim , CANSARAN Orhun Ege , SAĞLAM Murat
Published: March 2021

This article aims to discuss the representation of football fan identity in the context of participatory culture through the example of the MKE Ankaragücü Twitter fan page. With 350 posts in total, “No Context Ankaragücü,” which has been operating since May 2019, offers a collection of content produced by MKE Ankaragücü fans. In this regard, “No Context Ankaragücü” can be considered a reliable source to investigate how the fans define their fandom identity and represent this identity through participatory culture practices. In the first part of the paper, the representation of fandom identity is negotiated within the framework of participatory culture discussions, including Fuchs’ social media critics and Jenkins’ confrontation of participatory culture challenges. In the second part of the paper, visual and textual content which has been shared between May 2019 and May 2020 on the “No Context Ankaragücü” Twitter page is examined with thematic analysis in terms of the identification and representation of MKE Ankaragücü fandom. The findings indicate that MKE Ankaragücü fans shape their fan identity in the following ways: (a) self-deprecation, (b) nationalism, (c) integration & localness, (d) spectatorship.
EVALUATION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS CURRICULUM ON STUDENT AND SECTOR EXPECTATIONS: A RESEARCH ON ISTANBUL PROVINCE
Authors: ÖZGEN Ebru , YILDIZ Engincan , AYDOĞDU İrem
Published: March 2021

Communication education is important for every sector today. Students who receive public relations education should be directed to success by teaching honesty not only for today but also in their profession, which is open to all kinds of changes they will face in the long term. This qualitative research is an important article aimed at questioning the actuality of public relations education and curriculum. In this context, it was ensured that students and public relations managers evaluate the public relations curriculum. The article allowed public relations students and public relations managers to evaluate public relations education and curriculum. The study was carried out in 2 different samples. In the first sample, interviews were conducted with 44 public relations students about public relations education and curriculum with a semi-structured in-depth interview method. In the second stage, with the semi-structured in-depth interview method, 11 public relations managers were interviewed about public relations education and curriculum. In the findings of the study, the importance of foreign language, practical and theoretical knowledge for a good public relations education was revealed. It was concluded that both sides pointed out only the inadequacy of practical education. It has also been concluded that it emphasizes the importance of applied public relations. Accordingly, the importance of including applied education in the curriculum has emerged.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Konsumsi Energi Ibu Menyusui di Kecamatan Cipayung, Kota Depok, Indonesia
Authors: Yaneli Netti , Fikawati Sandra , Syafiq Ahmad , Gemily Syilga Cahya
Published: March 2021

Latar Belakang: Untuk mendukung kebutuhan gizi yang tinggi saat menyusui, ibu menyusui membutuhkan lebih banyak energi dibandingkan ibu hamil. Namun, berbagai studi melaporkan bahwa konsumsi energi ibu menyusui justru lebih rendah dibandingkan ibu hamil.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi energi ibu menyusui yang rendah di Kecamatan Cipayung Kota Depok Tahun 2016.Metode: Penelitian ini menganalisis data sekunder dari penelitian eksperimental semu dengan pendekatan kohort prospektif di Kota Depok. Total sampel berjumlah 169 responden. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji regresi logistik ganda.Hasil:  Konsumsi energi ibu saat hamil merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi energi ibu saat menyusui setelah dikontrol dengan paritas dan usia ibu. Ibu yang mengonsumsi energi dalam jumlah kurang saat hamil berisiko 3,5 kali lebih besar untuk mengonsumsi energi dalam jumlah kurang saat menyusui.Kesimpulan: Konsumsi energi ibu hamil sangat penting diperhatikan karena selain diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin, sebagai cadangan lemak yang akan digunakan saat menyusui, juga untuk menjamin agar ibu mengonsumsi energi dalam jumlah cukup saat menyusui.
HENRIQUE C. DE L. VAZ, S. J., LEITOR DE EMMANUEL MOUNIER
Authors: Villela-Petit Maria da Penha
Published: March 2021

Nesse artigo, faço um breve apanhado de como se deu meu conheci- mento do pensamento de Mounier e do que esse conhecimento deve ao Pe. Vaz, desde de meus anos na PUC do Rio de Janeiro (entre 1958 e 1962). Ficara desde então sabendo o quanto Pe. Vaz apreciava o personalismo Mounier no que se refere à necessidade imperativa para um cristão de não dissociar o pensamento do agir, de não separar sua fé e sua frequência à igreja de um empenho efetivo em vista de uma maior justiça social. Mounier havia justamente aprofundado a noção de engajamento. Procurei mostrar também como a reflexão de Mounier fôra marcada por um autor de origem alemã, que se tornara francês, que escrevera sobre o « engajamento ». A admiração do Pe Vaz por Mounier foi muitas vêzes objeto de meus «Témoingnages», em francês, a respeito do pensamento personalista de um dos maiores filósofos brasileiros, senão o maior, ou seja o Pe Vaz. No final do artigo aponto radidamente como nos dias de hoje devemos levar adiante a reflexão sobre a tecno-ciência e seus possíveis malefícios para a Terra e a humanidade.
Are Health Innovations Techno-economic or Social Values in a period of a Health Crisis? A Reflection on the Field of Public Health through the Examples of Ebola and Covid-19
Authors: Niang Marietou , Dupéré Sophie , Alami Hassane , Gagnon Marie-Pierre
Published: March 2021

Health innovations are generally oriented on a techno-economic vision. In this perspective, technologies are seen as an end in themselves, and there is no arrangement between the technical and the social values of innovation. This vision prevails in sanitary crises, in which management is carried out based on the search for punctual, reactive, and technical solutions to remedy a specific problem without a systemic/holistic, sustainable, or proactive approach. This paper attempts to contribute to the literature on the epistemological orientation of innovations in the field of public health. Taking the Covid-19 and Ebola crises as examples, the primary objective is to show how innovation in health is oriented towards a techno-economic paradigm. Second, we propose a repositioning of public health innovation towards a social paradigm that will put more emphasis on the interaction between social and health dimensions in the perspective of social change.
Planning Implementation Success of Syncope Clinical Practice Guidelines in the Emergency Department Using CFIR Framework
Authors: Li Jing , Smyth Susan S. , Miller Clouser Jessica , McMullen Colleen A. , Gupta Vedant , Williams Mark V.
Published: March 2021

Background and Objectives: Overuse and inappropriate use of testing and hospital admission are common in syncope evaluation and management. Though guidelines are available to optimize syncope care, study suggested that the current clinical guidelines have not significantly impacted resource utilization surrounding emergency department (ED) evaluation of syncope. Matching implementation strategies to barriers and facilitators and tailoring strategies to local context hold significant promise for a successful implementation of clinical practice guideline (CPG). Our team applied implementation science principles to develop a stakeholder-based implementation strategy. Methods and Materials: We partnered with patients, family caregivers, frontline clinicians and staff, and health system administrators at four health systems to conduct quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews for context assessment. The identification of implementation strategies was done by applying the CFIR-ERIC Implementation Strategy Matching Tool and soliciting stakeholders’ inputs. We then co-designed with patients and frontline teams, developed and tested specific strategies. Results: 114 clinicians completed surveys and 32 clinicians and stake-holders participated in interviews. Results from the surveys and interview indicated low awareness of syncope guidelines, and communication challenges with patients, lack of CPG protocol integration into ED workflows, and organizational process to change were recognized as major barriers. Thirty-one patients and their family caregivers participated in interviews and ex-pressed their expectations: clarity regarding their diagnosis, context surrounding care plan and diagnostic testing, and a desire to feel cared about. After identifying change methods to address those barriers, the multilevel, multicomponent implementation strategy, MISSION, included pa-tient educational materials, mentored implementation, academic detailing, Syncope Optimal Care Pathway and corresponding Mobile App, and Lean quality improvement methods. The pilot of MISSION demonstrated feasibility, acceptability and initial success on appropriate testing. Con-clusions: Effect multifaceted implementation strategies that target individuals, teams, and healthcare systems can be employed to plan successful implementation and promote adherence to syncope CPGs.
Evaluating the Targeting Efficiency of Anti-EGFR Functionalised Nanoparticles to Head and Neck Cancer Cells for Use in NIR-II Optical Window
Authors: Egnuni Teklu , Ingram Nicola , Coletta P. Louise , McLaughlan James R.
Published: March 2021

Gold nanoparticles have been indicated for use in a diagnostic and/or therapeutic role in several cancer types. The use of gold nanorods (AuNRs) with a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the second Near-Infrared II (NIR-II) optical window promises deeper anatomical penetration through increased maximum permissible exposure and lower optical attenuation. In this study, the targeting efficiency of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody functionalised AuNRs with an SPR at 1064 nm was evaluated in vitro. Four cell lines, KYSE-30, CAL-27, Hep-G2 and MCF-7 that either over or under expressed EGFR were used. This expression was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Cytotoxicity assays showed no AuNRs toxicity to both EGFR positive and EGFR negative cell lines up to a concentrations of 19 µg/ml. Optical microscopy demonstrated a significant difference (p<0.0001) between targeted AuNRs (tAuNRs) and untargeted AuNRs (uAuNRs) in all four cancer cell lines. This study demonstrates that anti-EGFR functionalisation significantly increased the number of tAuNRs associated with each EGFR positive cancer cell. This successful targeting highlights the use of tAuNRs for molecular photoacoustic imaging or tumour treatment through plasmonic photothermal therapy.
Use of Genetic Algorithms to Optimize Efficiency in Small-Scale Structures
Authors: Chew Aaron
Published: March 2021

The prevalence of algorithms and computational tools in the modern-day has intersected with nearly every field. Generative design, specifically those using genetic algorithms, is an increasingly effective, yet cost efficient way to generate architectural designs in modern engineering. Thus, we adopt a genetic algorithm model in pursuit of maximizing the durability of a structure when it is stressed while minimizing the material cost. After the model is formulated, the algorithm is able to approximate with high accuracy the load a small-scale structure is able to bear, as well as iterate upon its designs to maximize a fitness function.
School inquiry in Secondary Education: The experience of the Fiesta de la Historia Youth Congress in Seville
Authors: De-Alba-Fernández Nicolás , Navarro-Medina Elisa , Pérez-Rodríguez Noelia
Published: March 2021

In Secondary Education, the focus of History teaching must be on the development of global citizenship. The present research was a study contextualized in the Fiesta de la Historia Youth Congress in Seville (Spain). A documentary analysis with a descriptive and interpretive design was made of 63 projects of inquiry that pupils carried out. The main objectives were to assess the incidence of the proposal in terms of participation, and to determine whether the pupils' projects followed a logic of inquiry about socially relevant problems which favours the construction of global citizenship. The results point to a low incidence of schools participating in this initiative. The projects of inquiry analysed present for the most part themes related to the historical and social heritage of the locality. The proposals are approached as problems of a specific discipline, and are worked on through a method based on a pseudoscientific research process. The findings indicate the need to continue implementing initiatives based on school inquiry that allow the teaching of History to be articulated around relevant social problems, with the objective being to develop citizenship skills.