bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organic Manures' Impact on the Development and Production of Pulses - A Review
Authors: Sivaranjani Murugan
Published: September 2023

Nutritionists view pulses as a crucial component of a balanced diet. However, the supply of pulses per person is decreasing as the world's population grows. To meet the growing population's need for protein, the output of pulses must be expanded. Pulses were raised in soils with inadequate nutrient management and low fertility. Research demonstrates that adding organic manure to the soil enhances the soil's physical characteristics as well as its fertility condition. The production and financial returns will undoubtedly rise with careful nutrient management that includes both organic manure and inorganic fertilizers. As a consequence, the cost of nutrient consumption will be significantly reduced, and nutrient utilization efficiency will increase.
Physico-Chemical Parameters of the Soil and Distribution of Forms of Resistance of Human Parasites in the Mbam and Inoubou Division (Bokito-Cameroon)
Authors: Marcelle Blanche MBASSI MBIDA , Serge Hubert ZEBAZE TOGOUET
Published: September 2023

This study was conducted to assess the physico-chemical parameters of soils and the distribution of resistance forms of soil-transmitted helminths and protozoa in the land surrounding the Okole and Lebomo streams in Bokito. The sedimentation and the Faust technics were used to identify and count the resistance forms of intestinal parasites. Among the 40 soil samples collected, 27 presented at least one parasite; for an overall contamination rate of 22%; thus distributed helminths (14%) and protozoa (8%). High values in parasite density were recorded during the short rainy season in Strongyloides stercoralis with a contamination frequency of 2, 1%. On the other hand, parasites such as Trichuris trichiura, Toxocara canis and Isospora belli were not observed during the short dry season. No significant spatio-temporal variation was observed for temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen. This result would be due to the absence of anthropogenic actions and the influence of environmental conditions.
Influence of Seed Enhancement on Seed Growth and Yield Parameters in Paddy cv. IR 64
Authors: Prabhu Thangavelu , Sivaranjani Murugan , Venkataraman K. , Thangapandian P.
Published: September 2023

The experiment was conduct to investigate the influence of seed enhancement on growth and yield in paddy plants in during 2021-2022 at Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rathinam Technical Campus in Coimbatore. Paddy cv. IR 64 was used for these experiments. Under experiment, various inorganic and organic treatments such as 1% CaCl2, 1% KCl, 1% KNO3, 1% NaCl, 10% Cow dung, 3% panchakavya were applied to investigate growth and yield in rice seedlings. Among all hardening techniques, seed hardening with 1% CaCl2 showed the performances. Seed hardening with 1% CaCl2 increased in seed quality, growth and yield when compared to control. Therefore this study concludes that seed hardening with 1% CaCl2 be employed for better crop growth of rice.
Identifying the Constraints in the Production and Marketing of Capsicum in the Solan District of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Kumari Sangya , Sharma Subhash , Preet Kaur Harman
Published: September 2023

The present study was conducted with the objective to identify constraints in the production and marketing of Capsicum in the Solan District of Himachal Pradesh and to suggest measures to overcome them. Overall, 80 capsicum growers were selected for the study. Farmers were distributed according to land holding size, i.e., marginal, small, semi-medium and medium farmers. The study revealed that among various production and marketing problems, about 73 per cent of the farmers reported problems with diseases in the study area. Which showed significant differences between the different farm categories. The high transportation costs were the major problem faced by the farmers in marketing.
Socio-Economic Status of Wheat Growers in Dehradun District of Uttarakhand
Authors: Askari Kokab , Masih Amit Kumar , Singh Vikas
Published: September 2023

In order to determine their socioeconomic features, a survey was undertaken on 185 wheat producers from small, medium, and large farm groups in the Vikasnagar and Sahaspur blocks of Dehradun district. The study's findings showed that the majority of respondents had average agricultural land holdings per hectare for small-scale operations of 1.57 hectare, 2.60 hectare for medium-scale operations, and 12.46 hectare for large-scale operations, which together made up an average sample of 4.29 hectare. Farm families' average sizes in the categories of small, medium, and large farms were 4.89, 5.15, and 5.66, respectively. For groups of farms of various sizes, the average sample proportion of males and females was 46.89% and 44.79%, respectively. The age composition of farms of various sizes with the highest average sample percentage is comprised of individuals under the age of 29 (52.12%), followed by those between the ages of 30 and 59 (30.95%), and those who are 60 years and over (7.79%). The percentage of literate farmers was highest in small-scale farms (25.97%), followed by medium-scale farms (23.50%), and lowest in large-scale farms (22.44%). For various size farm groups, the average sample was 24.30%.
Successful Surgical Management of Intestinal Foreign Body Obstruction in a Dog – A Case Report
Authors: Anoop R.
Published: September 2023

A dog was presented with a history of intermittent vomiting, reduction in defecation, and complete cessation of food intake for past three days. On clinical examination, the animal was found to be active and alert. The physiological parameters were found to be within the normal range. Radiographic examination of the abdomen revealed semi-radio opaque mass and gas-filled intestinal loops suggestive of foreign body obstruction. Exploratory laparotomy was performed to confirm the diagnosis and further management. A cloth piece intertwined with fecolith obstructing the intestinal tract was identified and removed by enterectomy. Then end to end anastomosis using polyglactin 910 in a simple continuous suture pattern was done. Post-operatively the dog was treated with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, along with a restricted diet and standard supportive care. The animal had an uneventful recovery.
Successful Surgical Management of A Combined Case of Flail Chest and Humerus Fracture in a Pomeranian Dog
Authors: Anoop R.
Published: September 2023

Successful surgical management of a combined case of flail chest and humerus fracture in an 8 month old female pomeranian dog is described. The patient was presented at Multi Speciality Veterinary Hospital Kudappanakkunnu with a history of wild boar attack an hour previously. On physical examination a lacerated wound with paradoxical movement on breathing was seen over the distal third of 3rd to 5th ribs on the left chest wall making it a case of flail chest. On radiographic examination complete fracture on distal third of 3rd and 4th ribs were observed along with pneumothorax beneath the region of wound. There was also a complete mid-shaft transverse fracture on the left humerus which was confirmed by radiography. Under general anaesthesia the fractured edges of the ribs were apposed using sutures and the pneumothorax was eliminated. The complete mid-shaft transverse fracture was corrected using retrograde intramedullary pinning. The patient made a dramatic recovery from the very next day after the surgery itself and complete healing of wound took by 18 days post surgery. This case point towards the need of immediate surgical intervention for a case of flail chest and proper care of the patient post operatively.
Effectiveness of Pod Coating Formulation With the Carrier Media of Trichoderma asperellum in Controlling Phytophthora Pod Rot Disease
Authors: Wisdawati Eka , Zahraeni Kumalawat Kafrawi , Poerwanty Henny
Published: September 2023

One of the important diseases in cocoa plants is pod rot disease caused by pathogen Phytophthora palmivora. Loss which caused pod rot disease varies between 26 % and 50 %.One of the biological agents which potential to control cocoa pod rot is a type of Trichoderma asperellum. There have been many uses of Trichoderma as a biofungicide, including direct spraying, mass propagation on rice media in the form of flour and with the addition of kaolin. This research aims to compare the effectiveness of using Trichoderma asperellum in several cocoa pod coating application techniques. Cocoa pods that had the heaviest attack intensity was on the penis (no T. asperellum treatment) which was 72.22% while the attack symptoms and the lowest disease attack intensity were the T. asperellum treatment, added kaolin and MCC, with an attack intensity of 5.56%. The weight of 100 cocoa beans in each treatment, the amount was not much different from the yield loss rate for the control, namely 17.63% and the treatment of cocoa pods sprayed with Trichoderma directly and pods sprayed with T. asperellum plus kaolin showed the amount of loss. The same yield was 13.29% and in the treatment of spraying T. asperellum which was added kaolin and CMC showed the lowest yield loss of 12.14%. The carrier media must contain important components to support the viability and growth of the microbes inoculated into it. This is because the carrier media functions to grow and extend the shelf life so that the carrier media must contain organic nutrients to support Trichoderma asperellum growth.
Surgical Management of Salter-Harris Type IV Fracture With Partial Dislocation of Right Humerus in a Nondescript Female Dog
Authors: Anoop R.
Published: September 2023

A nondescript female dog was presented at MSVH, Kudappanakunnu with limbing and swelling of right forelimb with a history of fall from first floor. Anterio-posterior view on x ray revealed Salter Harris-IV fracture of distal condyle of right humerus with dislocation of the main bone. Taking all the aseptic precautions under general anaesthesia, surgical intervention was given and fracture was corrected. Surgical wound was sutured in standard routine manner. Uneventful recovery marked successful surgical intervention.
Pest Diversity in Sweet Corn [Zea mays saccharate (Sturt.) Bailey] in East Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Sudarma I Made , Darmiati Ni Nengah , Suniti Ni Wayan
Published: September 2023

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharate) is cultivated in Denpasar, Bali, which is harvested when it is young for daily use, both for vegetables and for consumption, boiled or grilled. Most of the pests found were borers (Ostrinia furnacalis, Crambidae, Lepidoptera), flies (Musa domistica, Muscidae, Diptera), grasshoppers (Locusta sp., Acrididae, Orthoptera) and rats (Rattus rattus, Muridae, Rodentia). The pest diversity index ranged from 0.519-1.003, the pest dominance index ranged from 0.269-0.600 and the evenness index between species ranged from 0.094-0.700. This means that the diversity is very small, supported by a small evenness index, which also means that there are insect pests that dominate. Population dynamics of insect pests range from 0.10 to 0.21, which means the number of births and additions per day per hundred is 10 to 21 individuals. The relationship between pests and weather factors (temperature and humidity) only for borers (located on Jalan Sekarsari) has a significant positive correlation of 0.77* with the regression equation Y = 0.348 X – 24.356 (R2 = 0.71, X = temperature and Y = borer population).
Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium (NPK) Levels and Spacing on Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Naidu Venni Madhusudhan , Umesha C.
Published: September 2023

The field experiment was conducted in Khairf 2022 at the Crop Research Farm of the Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.). A sandy loam texture, a pH of 7.1 that was directly neutral, a low quantity of organic carbon (0.36%), and poor availability of the nutrients n, p, and k (171.48 kg ha-1, 15.2 kg ha-1, and 232.5 kg ha-1 respectively) were every feature of the soil in the experimental plot. Over the course of a one-year trial, nine treatments including a control were evaluated. Each was reproduced three times. The findings proved that application of NPK 120:60:60 Kgha-1 + 25 × 10 cm was recorded significantly higher plant height (105.00 cm), Number of tillers/plant (18.90), Plant dry weight (38.99 g/plant), Panicles/hills (14.00), grains/Panicle (195.00), Test weight (18.32g), Panicle length (30.11), Grain yield (5.96 t ha-1), Straw yield (11.12 t ha-1), Harvest index (44.67%).
Isolation and Identification of Probiotic Microbes from Finger Millet
Authors: S. Ruwala Shraddha , A. Shaikh Sumaiya
Published: September 2023

Crop growth and productivity has for the most part been at risk of varied a-biotic and organic phenomenon stresses that are solely set to be combined thanks to world climate change. So developing improved varieties and planning newer approaches for crop improvement against stress tolerance became a priority now-a-days. Millets have varied nutrition qualities, and have justifiably been known as “nutri-cereals”. The bulk of the world’s millet crop is created by India, Nigeria, Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Chad, and China. millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn), very little millet (Panicum sumatrense Philip Roth ex Roem. & Schult.), foxtail (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauvois) and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) are most ordinarily found species among varied millet varieties. In India, finger millet occupy the biggest space below cultivation among the tiny millets. This minor millet includes crucial amino acids viz isoleucine, leucine, methionine and phenyl alanine which can be poor in other starchy meals. It is likewise recognized for numerous fitness advantages inclusive of anti-diabetic, anti-tumerogenic, atherosclerogenic effects, antioxidant, which can be specially attributed due to its polyphenol and nutritional fiber contents. Being indigenous minor millet it's far used within side the instruction of diverse ingredients each in herbal and malted forms. Single colonies have been isolated through enriching in MRS broth and subsequent streaking on MRS agar plate. Total ten isolated micro organism have been diagnosed. All isolated strains have been characterised for probiotic houses consisting of acid and salt tolerance, phenol tolerance, sugar fermentation, lactose fermentation. Acid tolerance check changed into achieved at pH 2, 4, 6, 8 in MRS broth. Salt tolerance check changed into achieved at 2%, 4% 6% and 8% NaCl in MRS broth. Phenol tolerance check changed into achieved in MRS broth with 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% phenol concentration. Sugars consisting of glucose, fructose, sucrose, xylose and lactose have been used for fermentation tests. Results of fermentation check confirmed that maximum isolates fermented all sugars. This observe indicated that isolated species from finger millet batter have capability probiotic houses. All the isolates fermented glucose and lactose with evolution of gas. 90%, 80% and 70% of isolates fermented xylose, fructose and sucrose respectively. The probiotic bacteria were capable of fermenting different sugars and end product is lactic acid. Selected isolates can survive at low pH as well as in high salt concentrations and low concentrations of phenol. Further study is needed to find specific probiotics with specific benefit from finger millet based fermented batter.
Use of Entomopathogenic Bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis in the Republic of Uzbekistan: Problems and Prospects
Authors: B. Turabekova Dilorom , A. Khujamshukurov Nortoji , V. Voitka Dmitry , Kh. Kuchkarova Dilafruz , A. Mustafaqulova Feruza , N. Abdikholikova Feruzakhon , Xaydarov Saidkamol
Published: September 2023

The Republic of Uzbekistan is a country specializing in agriculture, with favorable climatic conditions that allow high yields of almost all types of crops.At the moment, in our republic, 1 million 387 thousand hectares of land is used for growing cotton, about 1 million 700 thousand hectares of grain products (including 1 million 200 thousand hectares of irrigated areas), more than 560 thousand hectares of fruits and vegetables and products horticulture, and 967.8 1000 hectares are specialized in growing fodder plants. In the absence of large losses in the cultivation and storage of agricultural products, this amount of land would be enough to freely provide the population of the republic with food and technical raw materials and export some of the products. This article provides analytical information about the work carried out on the basis of the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis in the protection of agricultural crops from harmful insects. Information is also provided on the production of b-exotoxin, L-exotoxin, a-exotoxin, U-exotoxin, crystalline d-endotoxin and their classification.
Standardization of Ginger Blended Cider in Molvom Cultivar Pineapple (Ananas comosus)
Authors: Kuotsu Shedevikho , V. Joseph Annjoe , Bahadur Vijay , E. Topno Samir , Kerketta Anita
Published: September 2023

The study was conducted in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 8 treatments with three replication each. The treatments were T1 Molvom Pineapple juice (700ml) + Sugar (200g) + Wine yeast (1.5g)+ 2.5ml Ginger extract, T2 Molvom Pineapple juice (700ml) + Sugar (200g) + Wine yeast (1.5g)+ 5ml Ginger extract, T3 Molvom Pineapple juice (700ml) + Sugar (200g) + Wine yeast (1.5g) + 7.5ml Ginger extract, T4 Molvom Pineapple juice (700ml) + Sugar (200g) + Wine yeast (1.5g) + 10ml Ginger extract, T5 Molvom Pineapple juice (700ml) + Sugar (200g) + Wine yeast (1.5g) + 12.5ml Ginger extract, T6 Molvom Pineapple juice (700ml) + Sugar (200g) + Wine yeast (1.5g) + 15ml Ginger extract, T7 Molvom Pineapple juice (700ml) + Sugar (200g) + Wine yeast (1.5g) + 17.5ml Ginger extract, T8 Molvom Pineapple juice (700ml) + Sugar (200g) + Wine yeast (1.5g)+ 20ml Ginger extract. Total soluble solids, pH and Specific Gravity decreased while the alcohol content, Acidity and the Sensory Qualities increased with increasing length of fermentation. From the above treatments, it is concluded that treatment T8 was found superior in respect of the parameters like Total Soluble Solids, Alcohol content, Specific gravity. In terms of Acidity, pH the best was found in treatment T7. In terms of Colour and Appearance the best was found to be treatment T7. And in terms of Taste, Aroma and Overall acceptability was found best in T8.Since pineapple fruit is rich in sugars, minerals, and polyphenols, hence production of wine or cider may serve as a viable method to preserve the nutritional and antioxidant properties of the fruit. The production of wine or cider from this fruit can also help increase wine and cider variety and reduce post-harvest losses. This study showed that acceptable cider can be produced from pineapple and extract of ginger using yeast especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Effect of Media on Performance of Agloanema and Snake Plant
Authors: Chavan V. B. , Khandekar R. G. , Salvi B. R. , Salvi V. G. , Pawar C. D.
Published: September 2023

An investigation on effect of media on performance of agloanema and snake plant was laid out at College of Horticulture, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli during the year 2020-21 and 2021-22 in completely randomized design and replicated five times and revealed that significantly maximum survival (91.33 and 95.33 %) in treatment M2 i.e. charcoal + vermicompost + rice husk + coconut husk + FYM (1:1:1:1:1) in agloanema and snake plant crops; respectively. Vegetative parameters such as plant height (61.97 and 65.14cm), leaf breadth (6.55 and 5.76 cm) were significantly superior in treatment M2 i.e. charcoal + vermicompost + rice husk + coconut husk + FYM (1:1:1:1:1) in agloanema and snake plant. Other growth parameters revealed that significantly maximum number of suckers (8.58 and 12.09), fresh stem weight (450.03 g and 0.95 kg), dry stem weight (40.65 and 102.71 g) were significantly superior in treatment M2 i.e. charcoal + vermicompost + rice husk + coconut husk + FYM (1:1:1:1:1).Chlorophyll a (1.62 and 2.32 mg/g), chlorophyll b (0.44 and 0.58 mg/g) and total cholorophyll (2.06 and 2.91 mg/g)were significantly superior in treatment M1 i.e. vermicompost + FYM (3:1) in agloanema and snake plant crops; respectively.
Effect of Pot Size on Performance of Syngonium and Philodendron
Authors: Chavan V. B. , Khandekar R. G. , Salvi B. R. , Salvi V. G. , Pawar C. D.
Published: September 2023

An investigation on effect of pot size on performance of syngonium and philodendron was laid out at College of Horticulture, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli during the year 2020-21 and 2021-22 in completely randomized design and replicated seven times and revealed that in syngonium from the pooled data of two seasons, the maximum survive (88.10 %) was recorded in treatment S1 i.e. 20 × 18 (cm) pot size which was found to be at par with the treatment S2 i.e. 18 × 16 (cm) (86.87 %). It was observed in syngonium that the treatment S1 i.e. 20 × 18 (cm) pot size recorded maximum fresh and dry leaf weight (5.61 and 1.12 g), fresh and dry stem weight (458.82 and 44.78 g), fresh and dry root weight (352.34 and 36.92 g), longest root weight (38.47 cm) and number of primary roots (56.45). It was observed in philodendron, from the pooled data of two seasons, the maximum survive (88.10 %) was recorded in treatment S1 i.e. 20 × 18 (cm) pot size which was found to be at par with the treatment S2 i.e. 18 × 16 (cm) (87.14 %). It was observed in philodendron that the treatment S1 i.e. 20 × 18 (cm) pot size recorded maximum fresh and dry leaf weight (5.44 and 1.09 g), fresh and dry stem weight (436.23 and 40.49 g), fresh and dry root weight (357.51 and 35.61 g), longest root weight (31.64 cm) and number of primary roots (116.64).
Investigation of thiol/disulfide homeostasis changes and their relationship with prognosis in sepsis patients
Authors: GRASSİE Semiha Solak , ATAKENT Ş. Deniz , ŞAHİN KAVAKLI Havva , ÇETİNKAYA ETHEMOĞLU Filiz Banu , BALIK Ahmet Rıfat , EREL Özcan
Published: September 2023

Aim: Sepsis is the most common life-threatening syndrome. Oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Thiols are antioxidant buffers. Changes in thiol parameters refer to changes in oxidative balance. In this study, we aimed to investigate thiol homeostasis changes in sepsis patients.

Methods: We included 99 patients (53 patients diagnosed with sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit and 46 controls). Sepsis patients were divided into two groups based on their diagnosis, follow-up, and disease severity: sepsis and septic shock. Total thiol and native thiol levels were analyzed in the patients and controls. Disulfide levels were calculated. The thiol parameters were compared between the patient and control groups, sepsis and septic shock, mortality, and survivor groups.

Results: In sepsis patients, the disulfide/native thiol and disulfide/total thiol rates were significantly higher (p
İnfertil kadınlarda fertilite yaşam kalitesinin ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi
Authors: DAĞLAR Gülseren , BİLGİÇ Dilek , ÇAKIR Demet
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Araştırmada, infertil kadınlarda fertilite yaşam kalitesi ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Kesitsel olarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın örneklemini bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde kadın doğum polikliniklerine başvuran 172 infertil kadın oluşturmuştur. Veriler; Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Fertilite Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği/Fertility Quality of Life Questionnaire (FertiQol) kullanılarak toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Kadınların %67,4’ü primer %32,6’sı ise sekonder infertilite tanısı almış olup %54,1’inin infertilite nedeni kadın kaynaklıdır. FertiQol ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 71,62±10,92; çekirdek modülü puan ortalaması 68,19±14,36; tedavi modülü puan ortalaması da 65,38±11,50’dir. Primer infertil kadınların, tedavi modülünün genel toplam ve tedavi çevresi alt boyutu puanı daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p
İstanbul’un bir ilçesinde doğrudan gözetimli tedavi gören tüberküloz hastalarının COVID-19’dan etkilenimi
Authors: ATAK Muhammed , HALAÇ Şeyma , SALDUZ İrem
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19)’un Tüberküloz (TB) hastaları üzerindeki etkileri konusunda literatürde kısıtlı bilgiler vardır. Ancak, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, TB tedavisinin kesilmesinin, COVID-19›un daha şiddetli geçmesine neden olabileceğini belirtmektedir. Bizim çalışmamız, İstanbul›un belirli bir ilçesindeki Verem Savaş Dispanseri (VSD) gözetiminde tedavi gören TB hastalarını incelemek ve COVID-19 pandemisinin bu bireyler üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla tasarlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, İstanbul’un bir ilçesinde VSD gözetiminde tedavi gören 51 TB hastasını kapsamaktadır. Katılımcıların sosyodemografik bilgileri, hastalık durumları ve COVID-19 ile ilgili riskleri üzerine 35 soruluk bir anket hazırlandı. Bu anket telefon yoluyla gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın etik kurul ve kurum izinleri alınmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışma evreninin %96,07’sine (n=49) ulaşılarak veri toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların %55,1’i erkek, %95,9’u Türkiye vatandaşıdır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 40,5±17,0 (Min: 3, Mak: 86, Medyan: 40) yıldır. Tedavi sürecinde hastaların %88,9’u video ile, %8,2’si VSD’ye ve %2’si Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’ne başvurmuştur. Katılımcıların %6,1’i COVID-19’a yakalanmıştır. Hastaların %93,9’u TB nedeniyle kendilerini COVID-19 için daha riskli görmektedir. %93,9’u tedavilerine devam ederken, %91,8’i rutin kontroller için VSD’ye gelmiştir. Hastaların COVID-19’a ilişkin önlemlerine bakıldığında, %95,9’u izolasyon kurallarına uyarken, %79,6’sı dengeli beslenmekte, %85,7’si düzenli uyku almakta ve %32,7’si vitamin veya ilaç takviyesi almaktadır. %98,0’i maske, yüz siperliği gibi koruyucu ekipman kullanmıştır.

Sonuç: Pandeminin getirdiği kısıtlamalar, hastaların tedaviye erişiminde zorluklara neden olabilir. Ancak bu çalışma, katılımcıların büyük bir kısmının tedavilere devam ettiğini ve VSD ile ilişkilerinin kesilmediğini göstermiştir. Buna rağmen, birçok hasta kendini daha riskli hissetmiştir. Hastaların koruyucu önlemlere tam olarak uymadığı da görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, DGT hastaları için korunma eğitiminin arttırılması ve tedavi erişiminin sürekliliğini sağlamak için önlemlerin alınması gerekmektedir.
Use of tolvaptan in autosomal polycystic kidney disease: A single center experience
Authors: KARACA Cebrail , DİNCER Mevlut Tamer
Published: September 2023

Aim: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common genetic disease that progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Tolvaptan is a disease-modifying agent that slows cyst growth and kidney disease progression in ADPKD. In this study, we examined the effects and side effects of tolvaptan in high-risk ADPKD patients using tolvaptan. We share our experience of this study.

Methods: Twenty-seven ADPKD patients who were at high risk according to the Mayo Clinical Classification and accepted treatment were included in the study. Tolvaptan 60 mg/day orally was started in patients to slow the ADPKD. The daily dose was increased to 120 mg depending on the patients’ response to tolvaptan treatment and their tolerance to side effects. The patients were followed up during tolvaptan treatment to observe the effects and side effects of the medication.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.3±8.2. Hypertension was present in 81.5% of the patients, and they mostly used renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors. As aquaretic side effects of tolvaptan treatment, there was thirst in 14 patients (51.9%), polydipsia in 10 patients (37%), dry mouth in 5 patients (18.5%), and nocturia in 4 patients (14.8%). In addition, although liver enzyme elevation, hypernatremia, and acute kidney injury were observed in one patient each, these side effects did not lead to permanent discontinuation of the drug. Polyuria was observed in all patients, but the patients tolerated the polyuria well and continued to use tolvaptan treatment.

Conclusion: Although the patients experienced side effects related to tolvaptan treatment, none of the patients discontinued the drug permanently. We observed that patients generally tolerated tolvaptan treatment well.
Evaluation of pharmacist contribution to adherence and illness perception in hypertension: An observational study
Authors: GURUHAN Emel , BEKTAY Muhammed Yunus , YILMAZ Zekiye Kübra , İZZETTİN Fikret
Published: September 2023

Aim: Hypertension (HT) is a chronic disease characterized by high blood pressure and can cause many complications. Pharmacists can contribute to the quality of life and treatment success of HT patients by providing pharmaceutical care service. The aim of our study is to examine the effects of pharmaceutical care services provided by pharmacists on HT illness perceptions and treatment adherence.

Methods: This study was a non-invasive, prospective, observational study with the participation of HT patients who applied to a community pharmacy in Istanbul between June and December 2020. In the first interview, demographic data, illness perceptions, and adherence levels of the participants were measured. At the end of the first interview, the participants were given structured written and oral patient education by the pharmacist, and the effects of the education provided by the pharmacist were measured again in the second interview 90 days later. The Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Morisky Green Levine Treatment Adherence Scale were used to examine the effects of the services provided by the pharmacist after two interviews conducted three months apart.

Results: Of the 75 patients included in our study, 48 (64%) were female, and the mean age was 59.68 ± 10.79 years. 55 participants (73.32%) had a secondary school education or less, and 58 (77.33%) were not working. In our sample, where the mean duration of HT was 11.48 ± 7.24 years, the most frequently prescribed antihypertensive drug group was diuretics. After the pharmaceutical care service provided by the pharmacist, a statistically significant difference was observed in all sub-dimensions of the participants’ illness perception (p
Anatomy and Physiology of the Brain: Pathophysiology of Brain Tumor
Authors: Muraleedharan Amitha , Ponnoor Anto Nikhil
Published: September 2023

The brain is an efficient processor of information. It is the most complex and
sensitive organ in the body and is responsible for all functions of the body, including
serving as the coordinating center for all sensations, mobility, emotions, and intellect.
The magnitude of its myriad function is often realized usually when there is a
disruption of the nervous system due to injury, disease, or inherited predispositions.
Neuroscience is the field of study that endeavors to make sense of such diverse
questions; at the same time, it points the way toward the effective treatment of
dysfunctions. The two-way channel of information: findings from the laboratory
leading towards stricter criteria for diagnosing brain disorders and more effective
methods for treating them and in turn, the clinician's increasingly acute skills of
diagnosis and observation that supply the research scientist with more precise data for
study in the lab diligently expands the field of neuroscience. Tumors of the brain
produce neurological manifestations through several mechanisms. Stronger hypotheses
about the mechanism of a disease can point the way toward more effective treatments
and new possibilities for a cure. In highly complex disorders of the brain, in which
many factors genetic, environmental, epidemiological, even social and
psychological—play a part, broadly based hypotheses are exceedingly useful. With the
advancements in technology and a better understanding of brain anatomy and
physiology, the quest to discover an efficient cure for life-threatening tumors of the
brain is underway.
Theranostics Polymeric Nanoparticles for Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Swathi Krishna Sivadas , Prasanthan Ardra Thottarath , Salim Kumar Nirdesh , Philip Manish , Viswanad Vidya
Published: September 2023

Theranostics, a dual strategy, helps in better tumor imaging, the
biodistribution of drugs (the ability to direct therapeutic agents to the tumor site), and
understanding the progress and effectiveness of therapy. Theranostics is an emerging
technology for the diagnosis and management of brain tumors which differ from
peripheral tumors in several ways because of their complexity in the genesis of
oncogenes. Several factors must be considered for successful brain tumor-targeted drug
delivery. Nanotheranostics for brain cancer therapies have been identified now, and
polymeric nanoparticles (PNP) are one of the most efficient and promising
nanotechnological platforms. They can be utilized as a new imaging method to
optimize chemotherapeutic drug delivery into brain tumors while reducing the drug's
dissemination and toxicity in healthy people. Smart carriers and theranostic
nanoparticles can diagnose, deliver, and track the therapeutic response synchronized.
This chapter gives an insight into superparamagnetic, ultrasound-triggered radionuclide
bearing, and fluorescent PNPs as potential theranostic approaches for brain tumor
management.
Theranostic Liposome for Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Kesharwani Payal , Prajapati Shiv Kumar , Kapoor Devesh , Jain Smita , Sharma Swapnil
Published: September 2023

The treatment of brain tumours is often a challenging task due to the low
permeability of drugs through the blood-brain barrier and their poor penetration into
the tumour tissues. Liposomes enhance the delivery of chemotherapeutics to the brain
without using any invasive approach. Liposomes are biomimetic nanocarriers that
exhibit good biocompatibility, high loading capacity, and the ability to reduce the
amount of encapsulated drugs. It is a promising candidate performing a dual function
of both drug delivery and diagnosis. This approach helps to locate the tumour tissue
with appropriate biodistribution of liposomes. The theranostic liposomes provide a
platform for imaging tumour cells for early diagnosis and simultaneously, delivery to
the brain enhances the targeting delivery. Fluorescent dyes, magnetic resonance
imaging, and nuclear imaging are the few approaches used in the diagnosis of tumour
cells. A new approach involving semi-conductor-based quantum dots has emerged as
an imaging reagent for brain tissues. The theranostic application of liposomes provides
the real-time monitoring of the administered drug, reducing the risk of under-or over dosing and allowing for more customized therapy regimens. This chapter highlights the
techniques for directing liposomes to solid tumours in-depth, potential targets in cancer
cells, such as extracellular and intracellular targets, and targets in the tumour
microenvironment or vasculature. Additionally, this chapter also concludes recent
efforts for improving anticancer drug delivery at the tumour site using surface
functionalization techniques, and the different contrast agents which help in diagnosis
are discussed.
Theranostics Dendrimer for Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Setia Aseem , Sahu Ram Kumar , Folorunsho Ajayi Ayodeji , Tayo Adebayo Emmanuel
Published: September 2023

Brain tumors have become one of the deadliest types of cancer. Tragically,
the blood-brain barrier (BBB), an astringent regulatory, well-coordinated, and effectual
obstacle, prevents most substances from passing through it. As a result, breaking
through this hurdle is amongst the most difficult challenges in devising effective CNS
therapies. In the USA, approximately seven lakh people have a principal brain
malignancy, with an ample eighty-five thousand predicted to be afflicted by 2021.
Capillaries are essential for delivering oxygen and nutrients to all body tissue and vital
organs. The capillaries that vascularize the CNS have a special feature known as the
blood-brain barrier, which enables such vessels to firmly enforce the transfer of ions,
substances, and cells in-between the blood-brain barrier. This accurate estimation of
CNS homeostasis leads to proper neuronal function while also protecting neural tissue
from toxic substances and microorganisms, and changes in such mechanical strength
are a major aspect of the pathology and transformation of various neurological
diseases. Theranostic strategies were also postulated and deemed enticing in recent
times. Due to the smaller size, better topical functionalization, and capability to
integrate various processing elements in one system, nanotechnology is beneficial for
this system. For cancer therapy, the structure of nanotherapeutic systems focusing on
diagnostic and therapeutic applications is increasing tremendously. This dual system is
extremely useful for personalized medicine-based clinical applications because it seeks
to analyze the position of malignancy, the biodistribution of nanosized systems, along
with an advanced and efficacious therapy. Proteins, molecular markers, and genes are
some of the theranostic strategies that could be used to amplify the surface of the
nanotheranostics particle and make benefit of the features of the micro-environment
utilising stimulus-based triggers. The current chapter focused on the theranostic
approach of dendrimer for brain tumor treatment. It also enlightened about various
diagnostic techniques for brain tumors with a special emphasis on nanotherapeutics.
Theranostics Inorganic Nano-particles for Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Yadav Krishna , Dubey Swati , Singh Shalini , Sharma Geetika , Pradhan Madhulika , Hari Narayana Moorthy Narayana Subbiah , Minz Sunita
Published: September 2023

Brain tumors pose a major threat to human health due to difficult treatment,
rapid progression, and poor prognosis, resulting in a terrible fatality rate that has
remained high over the years. As arteries have limited drug permeability into brain
tumor tissue, the success rate of chemotherapy remains low. Considering the anatomic
concerns of brain tumors and the interaction between the blood-brain barrier (BBB)
and nano-particles (NPs), nanotechnology is deemed an attractive approach as it has the
potential to increase brain drug distribution. Theranostic strategies have also been
proposed in recent years and they are seen promising. NPs are considered ideal due to
their size, ease of surface modification and, adaptability to integrating several
functional components in one system. In lieu of this, the design of nano-particles with
therapeutic and diagnostic uses has increased tremendously, particularly in cancer
treatment. This two-pronged technique aids in understanding tumor tissue location,
treatment progress, nanoparticle’s bio-distribution and, its efficacy as it is particularly
valuable for personalized medicine-based treatments. In this chapter, we will focus on
the properties of the blood-brain barrier and the blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB), two
important hurdles in brain-tumor targeted delivery, and the targeting strategies that aim
at different stages of brain tumor growth and development as well as their recent
advances in brain tumor-targeted novel nano-drug delivery systems.
Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of primary health care workers regarding HPV infection and prevention: an example from Türkiye
Authors: AKOVA İrem , EKİCİ KOŞAROĞLU Nagehan , KILIÇ Esma
Published: September 2023

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of Turkish primary health care workers (HCWs) regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, screening, and vaccines.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with family physicians and nurses/midwives working in family health centers (FHC) in Sivas province in the Central Anatolia Region of Türkiye between January 1, 2023 and February 15, 2023. The sociodemographic data form and HPV Knowledge Scale were used. The independent sample t-test, the F test (ANOVA) (post hoc Bonferroni test), and the chi-squared test were performed.
Results: The study was conducted with a total of 275 HCWs. Of the HCWs, 57.5% were nurses/midwives and 69.8% were female. All HCWs had heard of HPV, 97.8% had heard of the HPV test, and 84% had heard of the HPV vaccine. 79.3% had not recommended the HPV vaccine to pre-adolescents and 51.6% to people at risk. The most common reasons for this were the lack of information about HPV vaccines, their expense, and the lack of coverage by the government. The part with the lowest level of HPV knowledge was about the HPV vaccine. The total score of the scale was higher in males, physicians, and those who were working in the FHC unit where the adolescent rate was below 10%, in those who recommended the HPV vaccine, and in those who had not recommended the vaccine because it is expensive and not covered by the government. Conclusion: It is recommended to improve the lack of knowledge among HCWs, mainly those serving the adolescent population, about HPV vaccines. Government coverage of HPV vaccines may play a role in increasing the rate at which HCWs recommend these vaccines.
Characterization and process development of mango (Mangifera indica L.) seed flour
Authors: Flor Gremaline Tabangcura
Published: September 2023

This study examines the inherent properties of mango seed kernels, with the overarching goal of assessing their viability as a substitute for traditional wheat flour. Employing thin layer chromatography, we conducted an in-depth analysis to characterize the physico-chemical attributes of mango seed kernel extract. Additionally, we scrutinized the efficacy of various pretreatments aimed at mitigating discoloration. Through a meticulous examination of baked samples, we ascertained the optimal level of mango seed flour substitution by juxtaposing their quality against wheat-based counterparts. This investigation encompassed the creation and evaluation of three distinct recipes, with a focus on quality and acceptability metrics. Statistical analysis via Analysis of Variance was employed to rigorously scrutinize the samples, ultimately revealing that cupcakes exhibited the most promising potential for scaled-up production. Our findings illuminated the presence of triterpenes, fatty acids, anthraquinones, coumarins, tannins, and flavonoids within mango seed kernels, accompanied by substantial radical scavenging activity. Moreover, our study identified sodium metabisulfite as the most efficacious method for inactivating enzymes present in mango seed kernels. Based on our comprehensive investigation, we advocate for the incorporation of mango seed flour as a wheat flour substitute, ideally at a 10% substitution level, owing to its advantageous properties and widespread acceptability. This study thus paves the way for innovative applications of mango seed kernels in the realm of food science and production.
Фазовые переходы в фрустрированных моделях Изинга (О б з о р)
Authors: Муртазаев А.К. , Рамазанов М.К.
Published: September 2023

The current state of research on phase transitions and critical phenomena in frustration is considered.
modeled Ising models. The results obtained on the basis of highly efficient algorithms are discussed.
Monte Carlo method for Ising models on lattices of various dimensions and types. A main attention
given to the results of studying phase transitions, critical and thermodynamic properties of models
Ising, taking into account the exchange interactions of the first and second neighbors, as well as the external magnetic fields. Phase diagrams of the dependence of the critical temperature on the value of the exchange interactions of second neighbors and an external magnetic field. The regions of observation of phase transitions of the first and second kind. The universality classes of critical behavior are established. For some models have ranges with non-universal critical behavior. Discussed features of the critical behavior of frustrated Ising models.
Сходство механизмов возбуждения THz-излучения в магнитных наноконтактах и в наногетероструктуре с тяжелым металлом Мо
Authors: Вилков Е.А. , Чигарев С.Г. , Бышевский-Конопко О.А.
Published: September 2023

The modes of occurrence of Three-band electromagnetic oscillations during the flow of current in magnetic nanocontacts and in a heterogeneous Fe/Mo structure with a heavy metal nanofilm are compared, and the similarity of the dependences of the change in radiated power on the change in current in the region of radiation occurrence is established. Based on this, a conclusion is made about the identity of the processes of THz radiation formation in the structures under study and the possibility of spreading physical ideas about the excitation of THz radiation during spin injection by current in the case of a heterogeneous Fe/Mo structure with a heavy metal nanofilm.
Субмонослойные покрытия натрия на поверхности золотой пленки
Authors: Дементьев П.А. , Дементьева Е.В. , Лапушкин М.Н. , Тимошнев С.Н.
Published: September 2023

n situ photoelectron spectroscopy studies have been carried out in ultrahigh vacuum of the electronic structure of a 2D Au film deposited on a surface W with a natural oxide, before and after adsorption of Na atoms. The spectra of photoemission from the valence band and core levels of Au 4f, W 4f and Na 2p were studied under synchrotron excitation in the photon energy range of 120-300 eV. The investigated 2D Au film with a thickness of 0.83 nm has a valence band close to the valence band of the massive sample. The diffusion of Na atoms deep into the gold film was not detected, which indicates the layered growth of the 2D Au film. Two states have been found: Nadelta+ and Na+, which exist even with a 0.15 sodium coating of the monolayer, which indicates the formation of Na islands and single adsorption of Na atoms. The density functional method is used to calculate the electronic structure of a 2D Au layer without and with adsorbed Na. It is established that the adsorption of Na atoms in the pit or bridge position is preferable. It is found that the adsorption of Na leads to the reconstruction of the surface.
Внешние и внутренние поля размагничивания как одна из основных фундаментальных причин низкой плотности критического тока двойниковых высокотемпературных сверхпроводников YBa-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Cu-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-x-=/SUB=-
Authors: Ростами Х.Р.
Published: September 2023

An oscillatory differential method of local approximation is applied to study the effect of local internal and external demagnetizing fields on the density of the critical current Jc of intertwin Josephson weak links in YBCO HTSC samples. Demagnetizing fields HD1 and HD2 of samples with different Jc and twin size d are measured in the ZFC and ZFCMFA modes. The following parameters are determined: the twin size d, the thermodynamic first critical magnetic fields of twins Hic1, the demagnetizing fields of twins HDtr, the densities of intertwin effective critical currents Jceff, the critical pinning currents Jcp, and the Meissner screening critical currents Jcg. It is shown that, at the fields Hic1, large twins are stepwise decomposed into a group of smaller twins with close demagnetizing factors. It is found that an increase in Jcg and Jceff and a decrease in d lead, on the one hand, to a decrease in Jc due to an increase in HD and HDtr produced by Jceff and Jcg, on the other hand, to an increase in Jceff and Jcg due to a decrease in d. For samples with large Jc and d, as well as for samples with low values of Jc and d in a field of about 810-2 T, HD and HDtr suppress Jc by about 70% and 60%, respectively. According to the results obtained in the present study and the known literature data, Jc decreases with increasing Jcg; in this case, a decrease in d leads to a decrease, rather than an increase, in Jc. Since the weak links and low values of Jc are fundamental properties of HTSCs, the literature data should be corrected with regard to the important facts on the effect of HD and HDtr on Jc.