bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived Influence of Entrepreneurial Intention on Business Success of Start-ups in Food and Beverage Sector of Rivers State
Authors: Uzoma Onita
Published: September 2021

This study investigated the perceived influence of entrepreneurial intention on the business success of start-ups in the food and beverage sectors in Rivers State. Two specific objectives, two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A descriptive survey using a quantitative approach was adopted for the study. The population of the study consists of 1,167 small scale businesses across 23 local government areas of Rivers State who are registered with the State Internal Revenue. A sample of 117 small scale business owners in the food and beverage sector of Rivers State was selected using the purposive quota sampling technique. The sample consists of 60 supermarkets and 57 neighbourhood market stores in the business of distributing food and beverages. A self-designed structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The instrument was face validated by the researcher’s peers within Federal College of Education (Tech.), Omoku, Rivers State. The instrument was further subjected to reliability using Cronbach alpha to obtain a reliability index of 0.74 and 0.82 for sections A and B, with an average index of 0.78 which shows that the instrument is reliable based on data collected from 15 food and beverage start-ups supermarkets and neighbourhood stores from Bayelsa State. Data collected for the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, cluster means and standard deviation to answer research questions. An independent t-test was used to test the hypotheses raised at a 0.05 level of significance. The major findings of the study revealed that supermarket and neighbourhood market stores startups in the food and beverage sector of Rivers State are of the opinion that entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial experiences help to increase sales volume and enhance customers’ retention which was the proxies of business success in this study. The results also show that there is no significant difference in the opinion of the respondents on the perceived influence of entrepreneurial intention on the business success of startups in the food and beverage sector of Rivers State. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that entrepreneurs who want to succeed in the food and beverage sector of Rivers State should endeavour to render voluntary services in order to accumulate entrepreneurial experiences and develop the right entrepreneurial mindset for success.
The Syllable Structure of Tiv
Authors: U. Elizabeth , I.A. Francis
Published: September 2021

Linguistic studies reveal that every language has a particular way of combining its sounds to form words or parts of words called syllables. The paper looks at the syllable structure of the Tiv language, one of the Bantoid languages spoken mostly in the Middle Belt area of Nigeria, especially in Benue, Plateau, Taraba, Nasarawa and Cross River states of Nigeria. The objective of the study is to investigate the internal structure of syllables in the Tiv language in order to establish the regularities and restrictions inherent in the language. The study, therefore, aims at ascertaining the syllable patterns that are found in Tiv. This study adopts qualitative and analytical research design using the C V tier model of the phonological theory of syllable analysis as proposed by McCarthy (1979) and adopted by Clements and Keyser (1983), to explicate the permissible patterns of syllable structures in Tiv. Data for the study were gathered from native speakers of Tiv, whose language has not been corrupted by urbanisation and the researchers' intuitive knowledge of the Tiv language. It was found out in the study that, some of the permissible syllable structures in Tiv language include vowels and consonants like v, cv, ccv, cccv, cvc. It was also discovered that all the five vowels of the English alphabets may begin or end a syllable in the Tiv language. As found in English and other languages where the sequential occurrence of two or more consonants is termed consonant cluster, the Tiv syllable structure permits two or more consonants at the initial or final positions of the syllable which could occur as onset or coda, but they are not regarded as consonant clusters. They are regarded as co-articulations. The study concludes that Tiv language has a wide range of phonotactic constraints which if studied can contribute to the development of Tiv language.
Requalificação urbana e dinâmica criminal
Authors: Hausemer Bruna , Salgado Nayara de Amorim , Silva Braulio Figueiredo Alves da
Published: September 2021

Esse artigo estuda o processo de transformação da região hipercentral de Belo Horizonte-MG à luz das principais teorias sociológicas que interpretam o fenômeno criminal a partir de seus componentes ambientais, examinando a evolução da criminalidade nesse espaço, através da análise da dinâmica criminal de roubos consumados no Hipercentro entre 1998 e 2015, englobando uma série histórica de dados que compreende um período antes, durante e após a realização do maior e mais recente programa do poder público municipal de requalificação urbanística direcionado à região: o Centro Vivo. Os apontamentos gerados mostram que os hotspots de roubos não se distribuem de forma homogênea por todo o território hipercentral, mas se concentram em determinadas regiões, e que, após as intervenções urbanísticas do Centro Vivo, sofreram atenuação, sem dispersão ou migração da criminalidade.
Interculturalismo, imigração e consumo
Authors: Ennes Marcelo , Ramos Natália
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta resultados do projeto de pesquisa Processos identitários, imigração e cirurgias plásticas, desenvolvido entre 2013 e 2014 em Portugal e Espanha. O objetivo geral consistiu em entender a intenção e a prática de cirurgias plásticas e de outras modificações corporais no contexto migratório. Realizaram-se entrevistas em profundidade com imigrantes latino-americanos, asiáticos e africanos. Para analisar as entrevistas, tomamos por base bibliografia sobre interculturalismo, sociedade do consumo e cirurgias plásticas étnicas. Os resultados indicam que as interseções entre migrações, representações e modificações corporais são múltiplas e polissêmicas e não expressam apenas trajetórias de continuidade, mas também trajetórias de ruptura.
Judeus messiânicos em Belo Horizonte-MG
Authors: Castro Cristina Maria de
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como intuito analisar a construção de identidades religiosas judias messiânicas em Belo Horizonte-MG, frente a irmãos de fé evangélicos. O Judaísmo Messiânico, movimento religioso polêmico que ganhou força nos EUA no século XX e vem se difundindo globalmente, reconhece Yeshua (Jesus) como o Messias. O caso belo-horizontino é particularmente interessante por abrigar uma comunidade messiânica que se auto- intitula a maior da América Latina, ao mesmo tempo em que sedia igrejas evangélicas de projeção nacional e uma tradicional e profunda herança cultural católica. Como judeus messiânicos, isto é, judeus que creem em Jesus, definem sua identidade em um contexto tão acentuada e tradicionalmente cristão? Como demarcam suas diferenças? Que alianças e tensões estabelecem com outros atores do campo religioso local? Focaremos aqui o relacionamento estabelecido com o Ministério Diante do Trono. Através de análise de conteúdo de websites, vídeos e perfis em redes sociais, será produzido conhecimento sobre a construção de uma identidade religiosa minoritária de visibilidade crescente.
Applying social cognitive theory to predict physical activity and dietary behavior among patients with type-2 diabetes
Authors: Sebastian Ann Tresa , Rajkumar Eslavath , Tejaswini P , Lakshmi R , Romate J
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Non-communicable diseases, arising out of changing lifestyle habits of people, are the foremost causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Most of these diseases occur in low and middle-income countries. Chronic diseases can be managed with the help of health behaviors such as proper diet, physical exercise, adherence to medication, and avoidance of health risk behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, etc. The social cognitive theory addresses the role of personal and environmental factors in an individual’s health behavior. The current study aims to understand the role of social cognitive theory on physical activity and dietary behavior amongst individuals diagnosed with type-2 diabetes.

Methods

A correlational study was conducted among 225 participants with type-2 diabetes, who are under medication. The data was collected using social cognitive questionnaire for physical activity & dietary behavior and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data.

Results

It was found from the study results that, all the domains of social cognitive theory were significantly correlated with physical activity (p<0.001) and the SCT domains- self-regulation (p<0.001), social support (p<0.001), and outcome expectancy (p<0.05) were significantly correlated with dietary behavior. The results of multiple linear regressions indicated that the domains self- regulation and self- efficacy were the significant predictor for physical activity behavior (R2=.21, p ≤ 0.001) while the domains social support and self-regulation were the significant predictor of dietary behavior (R2=.09, p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion

The study results show that there is an influence of social cognitive domains on physical activity and dietary behaviour. Further, this study suggests that social cognitive theory based intervention can be used to promote healthy behaviour.
El camino de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos hacia la justiciabilidad directa de los DESCA y su impacto en los ordenamientos jurídicos nacionales
Authors: Rossi Julieta
Published: September 2021

En épocas recientes el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos (SIDH) ha registrado grandes avances en el campo de los derechos económicos, sociales, culturales y ambientales (derechos sociales o DESCA), protagonizados tanto por la Corte Interamericana (Corte IDH) como por la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH). Son desarrollos para aplaudir ya que permiten augurar una mayor protección a las víctimas del continente americano (en particular en América Latina) que se encuentran severamente privadas del goce de derechos sociales básicos e imposibilitadas de llevar adelante una vida autónoma en condiciones de dignidad e igualdad. Ello, además, en una región que demanda urgentemente un enfoque de derechos a la pobreza, exclusión social y discriminaciones profundas e intersectoriales por sexo, género, edad, etnia, condición sanitaria y migratoria (entre otros), fenómenos que se han agravado a partir de la pandemia por Covid-19 desatada a principios del año 2020.
Diez puntos sobre el cambio constitucional en Chile
Authors: Gargarella Roberto
Published: September 2021

Quisiera presentar a continuación algunas reflexiones teóricas, surgidas a partir de interrogantes que nos plantea el constitucionalismo chileno de este tiempo, y que nos llevan a pensar sobre problemas que lo incluyen y lo trascienden. Propondré entonces algunas consideraciones, relacionadas con cuatro “grandes temas” teóricos en el área, que examinaré de manera “situada”, tomando como caso de estudio el cambio constitucional que enfrenta Chile. Los temas incluirán cuestiones como las siguientes: las relaciones entre el constitucionalismo y la democracia; los procedimientos del cambio constitucional; la “sustancia” o contenido del cambio; y el ideal democrático que anima o merece animar tales cambios. En el tratamiento de tales cuestiones, aparecerán diez puntos principales (la validez de las normas de facto; el valor democrático de los plebiscitos; el resguardo de los derechos; etc.), sobre los que me interesará llamar la atención conforme a lo que es el espíritu de este escrito: presentar sólo algunas primeras notas y varios apuntes exploratorios relacionados con los temas que -en estas horas de crisis democrática y cambio constitucional- requieren de nuestro estudio más profundo.
Las nuevas dimensiones de los DESCA en el sistema Interamericano: Vectores imprescindibles para el proceso constituyente de Chile 2021
Authors: De Paz González Isaac
Published: September 2021

Los Derechos Económicos, Sociales, Culturales y Ambientales (DESCA) se han consolidado como derechos exigibles y justiciables a través de la jurisprudencia emitida por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (Corte IDH). La construcción jurisprudencial de los DESCA ha sido sistemática e integradora, pues se han apoyado en el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, en la interpretación de la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos (CADH), en diversos instrumentos regionales y en sus protocolos adicionales. Un primer rasgo de los DESCA en el sistema interamericano es que emergen como reivindicaciones comunitarias e individuales de carácter político y jurídico con la clara intención de impregnar los marcos legislativos nacionales e influir en su protección ante las altas cortes nacionales. No se puede pasar por alto que su contenido implica una visión de justicia social a favor de los sectores más desprotegidos por las políticas estatales que han privatizado servicios básicos encapsulados en los DESCA en detrimento de pueblos indígenas, mujeres y niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA), todos ellos en situación de vulnerabilidad.
El rol de los jueces en relación con los derechos económicos y sociales
Authors: Larraín Martínez Beatriz
Published: September 2021

Los jueces son hoy actores políticos importantísimos. Esto es efectivo tanto en Chile como en el mundo entero. El Brexit, por ejemplo, fue publicitado, entre otras cosas, como una forma de librarse de una buena vez del enorme poder de la Corte Europea de Justicia, la cual supuestamente tenía a los Británicos subyugados de modo que debían, en palabras de Theresa May, “retomar el control”. En los EEUU, las recientes elecciones tenían a todos pendientes de lo que harían los tribunales, recordando que el año 2000, cuando compitió George Bush contra Al Gore, fue la Corte Suprema la que finalmente decidió quien ocuparía el sillón presidencial estadounidense. En este trabajo entregaremos algunas nociones básicas sobre el rol político que cumplen hoy los jueces, y en especial en relación con los DESC. Podemos adelantar que en el tema existen defensores y detractores, todos con fuertes argumentos. Dividiremos el ensayo en tres partes distintas. Una primera de introducción al tema, donde fijaremos algunos conceptos básicos. La segunda, en que analizaremos los argumentos de quienes defienden y quienes condenan la actividad del juez en relación con los DESC. En la tercera parte veremos algunos ejemplos sacados de la realidad chilena que ilustran lo planteado en las secciones uno y dos del presente trabajo.
Constitución, Igualdad y Acciones Afirmativas
Authors: Saba Roberto
Published: September 2021

Las acciones afirmativas, que pueden ser implementadas tanto por el Estado como por particulares, brindan un trato preferencial a aquellas personas que, como consecuencia de su pertenencia a un grupo de individuos, resultan ser víctimas de actos, omisiones y prácticas –intencionales o no– que las colocan en situación de subordinación y exclusión sistemática, estructural e histórica. Estas acciones, que se consideran parte del género de las políticas de trato preferente, han sido impugnadas por sus críticos por contradecir el mandato constitucional o convencional de igualdad ante la ley. Desde esta perspectiva, las políticas de trato preferente ignorarían la noción de razonabilidad y no arbitrariedad en el trato que exige el principio de igualdad. Por su parte, aquellas voces que las han defendido desde la discusión pública, el activismo político, la legislación o las sentencias judiciales, han articulado diferentes argumentos justificatorios dirigidos a demostrar que esas políticas se sostienen en base a otros principios que también deben ser ponderados, así como también a una noción de igualdad compatible con ellas.
Comparison of Adverse Outcomes in Cirrhotic and Non-Cirrhotic Patients with Covid-19 Disease
Authors: Anjum Jahangir , Safdar Talal , Imran Muhammad , Fuaad Muazzam , Iqbal Waheed , Solangi Tarik Alam
Published: September 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the comparison of adverse outcomes in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients presented with coronavirus disease. Study Design: Place and Duration: The department of Medicine of Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital Mirpur Azad Kashmir and Mohiuddin Teaching Hospital, Mirpur AJK for six months during the period from October 2020 to March 2021. Methodology: Total 80covid-19 patients of both genders with or without chronic liver disease were enrolled in this study. Patients were aged between 20-55 years. Patients were divided in to two groups. Group I (with cirrhosis 40 patients) and group II (without cirrhosis 40 patients). Outcomes in term of mortality between both groups were examined. All the data was analyzed by SPSS 26.0 version. Results: There were 24 (60%) males and 16 (40%) were females with mean age 44.19±7.65 years in group I while in group II 27 (67.5%) and 13 (32.5%) patients were males and females with mean age 43.62±5.34 years. We found that mortality rate among patients of group I (cirrhotic) had high mortality rate13 (32.5%) as compared to patients without cirrhosis 5 (12.5%) in group II with p-value 0.0003. Conclusion: We concluded in this that frequency of adverse outcomes was significantly high among cirrhotic patients with coronavirus disease as compared to non-cirrhotic patients. Keywords: Corvid-19, Mortality, Chronic Liver Disease
The Treatment Results in Patients with Aluminum Phosphide Toxicity Admitted to Razi Hospital in Ahvaz
Authors: Jamshidi Farkhondeh , Tehrani Malika Vaez , Ghorbani Ahmad
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Aluminum phosphide (ALP), locally known as "Rice Tablet", is a cheap and powerful pesticide used frequently to protect cereals. Cases of ALP toxicity have grown dramatically in recent decades by using it for suicide purposes. Treatment of ALP toxicity is largely supported by various remedies as there is no specific antidote. This study deals with the epidemiology of ALP toxicity in Khuzestan (Iran) and assesses the clinical and paraclinical manifestations, as well as the results of various treatments during the last 12 years. The study further examines the next suicidal intentions and subsequent complications of poisoning with ALP. Methodology: The records of all patients with ALP toxicity admitted to Razi Hospital in Ahvaz from 2006 to 2017 were reviewed within a retrospective study. Epidemiological and demographic information, clinical and paraclinical manifestations, and the results of various treatments were extracted. Data on the subsequent complications and the next suicidal intentions in those who have survived a suicide attempt were gathered and analyzed. Results: Of the 48 patients studied, 50% were male and the mean age was 29.33±10.45. Most of the toxicities were orally and with the intention of suicide in Ahvaz and Andimeshk. A total of 71.42% of the dead have been carried to this center. The majority of cases were reported from urban areas and in August and during summer. The most prevalent clinical signs were loss of consciousness, nausea, and vomiting. There were some differences in the experimental and EKG results. A meaningful correlation was observed between the administration and/or consumption of ranitidine, NAC, and intravenous sodium bicarbonate with treatment outcomes. Only one case of reattempt to suicide has been reported, and hematuria, ascites, and pleural effusion were widely visible in survivors. Conclusion: On-call counseling may decrease the rate of mortality in dispatching patients. Clinical and paraclinical manifestations can be useful in the diagnosis or prognosis. Patients' follow-up, actions to enhance public awareness, restrictions on the distribution of ALP, and availability of alternative substances can be helpful to diminish cases of ALP toxicity and/or death. Keywords: Aluminum phosphide (ALP), Rice tablets, Poisoning, Khuzestan
Predator-Prey Model with Refuge, Fear and Z-Control
Authors: M. Elmojtaba Ibrahim , Al-Amri Kawkab , J.A. Khan Qamar
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we consider a predator-prey model incorporating fear and refuge.  Our results show that the predator-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if the ratio between the death rate of predators and the conversion rate of prey into predator is greater than the value of prey in refuge at equilibrium.  We also show that the co-existence equilibrium points are locally asymptotically stable if the value of the prey outside refuge is greater than half of the carrying capacity.  Numerical simulations show that when the intensity of fear increases, the fraction of the prey inside refuge increases; however, it has no effect on the fraction of the prey outside refuge, in the long run. It is shown that the intensity of fear harms predator population size. Numerical simulations show that the application of Z-control will force the system to reach any desired state within a limited time, whether the desired state is a constant state or a periodic state. Our results show that when the refuge size is taken to be a non-constant function of the prey outside refuge, the systems change their dynamics. Namely, when it is a linear function or an exponential function, the system always reaches the predator-free equilibrium.  However, when it is taken as a logistic equation, the system reaches the co-existence equilibrium after long term oscillations.
A Robust Alternative to Environmental Performance Index
Authors: BULUT Hasan
Published: September 2021

A composite index called the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) was obtained to evaluate countries’ environmental performance. This index was calculated for 180 countries concerning 24 environmental indicators. However, it is well known that there are huge differences between countries regarding environmental factors besides social, economic, and cultural factors. This case aggravates the doubt that the data set has outliers. Therefore, the index values should be obtained such that they are insensitive to outliers. This study aims to generate a composite index, which is a robust alternative to EPI. For this aim, we use the Robust Principal Component Analysis (ROBPCA) and the Technique for Order Preferences by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), which is a multi-criteria decision-making method.
Vaughan Jones, Kolmogorov Complexity, and the New Complexity Landscape around Circuit Minimization
Authors: Allender Eric
Published: September 2021

We survey recent developments related to the Minimum Circuit Size Problem and time-bounded Kolmogorov Complexity.
АНАЛИЗ МАНИПУЛЯТИВНОГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ АРХЕТИПОВ КОЛЛЕКТИВНОГО БЕССОЗНАТЕЛЬНОГО / ANALYSIS OF THE MANIPULATIVE USE OF THE ARCHETYPES OF THE COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS
Authors: Yeribekyan Benik
Published: September 2021

В статье анализируются особенности манипулятивного воздействия в контексте активации и актуализации архетипических образов коллективного бессознательного, делается попытка рассмотреть и связать процесс манипулятивного воздействия с механизмами действия соответствующих архетипических образов. Рассматривается связь между развертыванием манипулятивного воздействия и активизацией архетипа Хаоса. Анализируется корреляция между манипулятивными стратегиями и соответствующим бессознательным содержанием образов коллективного бессознательного. Демонстрируются две области и сферы манипулятивного применения архетипических образов (реклама, политика). / The article analyzes the features of manipulative influence in the context of activation and actualization of archetypal images of the collective unconscious, and attempts to consider and link the process of manipulative influence with the mechanisms of action of the corresponding archetypal images. The connection between the deployment of manipulative influence and the activation of the Chaos archetype is considered. The correlation between manipulative strategies and the corresponding unconscious content of images of the collective unconscious is analyzed. Two areas and areas of application of archetypal images (advertising, politics) are demonstrated.
АНАЛИЗ СИТУАЦИИ С ПЕРЕХОДОМ НА ДИСТАНЦИОННОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ В СВЯЗИ С РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕМ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ COVID–19 / ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION WITH THE TRANSITION TO DISTANCE LEARNING IN CONNECTION WITH THE SPREAD OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID–19
Authors: Hajibutaeva Kachar , Sutaeva Tamila
Published: September 2021

В данной статье показаны результаты исследования удовлетворенности студентов медицинского колледжа, врачей-ординаторов и курсантов Факультета повышения квалификации дистанционной формой обучения с применением современных инновационных форм обучения, интернет коммуникационных технологий. Можно сделать вывод о том, что традиционное обучение лучше, чем электронные ресурсы. По мнению большинства студентов, врачей-ординаторов и курсантов ФПК дистанционное обучение, не может заменить практическую часть обучения, которая является важной для будущего медицинской сестры, врача-ординатора. / This article shows the results of a study of the satisfaction of medical college students, physicians-residents and FPK cadets with distance learning using modern innovative forms of education, Internet communication technologies. It can be concluded that traditional learning is better than electronic resources. According to the majority of students, doctors-coordinators and cadets of FPK, distance learning cannot replace the practical part of training, which is important for the future of a nurse, a doctor-resident.
مدلول مصطلح مجهول عند الإمام البزار: من خلال دراسة الرواة الذين أطلق عليهم ذلك في مُسْنَده
Authors: Mohamed al-Mazloom Mohamed Maher
Published: September 2021

This research presents Imam al-Bazzār’s term ‘Majhūl [unknown] Narrator’ Through studying the narrators who are described by this term in his Musnad [Collection of Hadiths] in order to understand what the term means to him. The term is one of the invalidation [al-Jarḥ] terms according to hadith critics. I started the research with giving a brief introduction of Imam al-Bazzār, and then defined the term “Majhūl Narrator” by linguists, Hadith critics and its narrators. Then I explained the significance of the term according to Imam al-Bazzār through studying the narrators who are described by this term in his Musnad, comparing his sayings with the sayings of other hadith critics on each one of these narrators. Then I came to a conclusion of each one, showing the judgement on him, and what Imam al-Bazzār meant by the term for each of them. Finally, I concluded the research with the most important results.
PENAMBAHAN INFUSA DAUN PANDAN WANGI (PANDANUS AMARYLLIFOLIUS ROXB.) TERHADAP KUALITAS KEFIR SUSU SAPI DITINJAU DARI PH, KADAR AIR, TOTAL PADATAN DAN PROPERTI FISIK
Authors: Nursamsi  , Andi Kusmayadi  , Putri Dian Wulansari
Published: September 2021

ABSTRAK

Kefir merupakan produk olahan susu yang difermentasi oleh sejumlah bakteri penghasil asam laktat (BAL). Kefir mempunyai arom khas asam sebagai hasil dari proses fermentasi, aroma khas asam tersebut kurang disukai oleh masyarakat, oleh karena itu dilakukan inovasi dengan penambahan pandan wangi untuk menetralisir aroma khas dari kefir. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Infusa Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) terhadap kefir susu sapi ditinjau dari pH, kadar air, total padatan dan properti fisik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakukan dan ulangan sebanyak 6 kali dengan perlakuan penambahan infusa pandan wangi  yang berbeda yaitu : P0 tanpa penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi, P1 penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi sebanyak 5%, P2 penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi sebanyak 10%, P3 penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi sebanyak 15%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi sebanyak 5%, 10%, dan 15% tidak merubah pH, kadar air, dan total padatan pada kefir susu sapi.  Penambahan infusa daun pandan wangi mencapai titik optimal pada 15% yang menghasilkan nilai pH sebesar 4,72, kadar air sebesar 87,18%, total padatan sebesar 12,81%.  Pada pengamatan sensori perubahan yang terjadi cendung pada aroma.

Kata kunci : kefir, susu sapi, , infusa daun pandan wangi, pH, kadar air, total padatan, properti fisik, RAL.

ABSTRACT

Kefir is a product that is fermented by bacteria lactic acid (BAL). Kefir has a characteristic sour smell as a result of the fermentation process, the public was dislike the smell, therefore to reduce the smell innovations of kefir are made with the addition of pandan wangi leaf to neutralize the smell of sour from kefir. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding Pandan Wangi Leaf Infusion (Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb.) to cow's milk kefir in terms of pH, water content, total solids and physical properties. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications with the addition of different pandan wangi leaf infusion treatments, there are: P0 without the addition of pandan wangi leaf infusion, P1 adding 5% pandan wangi leaf infusion, P2 adding pandan wangi leaf infusion as much as 10%, P3 addition of pandan wangi leaf infusion as much as 15%. The results showed that the addition of pandan wangi leaf infusion as much as 5%, 10%, and 15% did not change the pH, water content, and total solids in cow's milk kefir. The addition of fragrant pandan leaf infusion reached the optimal point at 15% with the result is pH value of 4.72, water content of 87.18%, total solids of 12.81%. On physical property the dominantly change is the smell from the kefir.

Key words : kefir, cow's milk, , pandan wangi leaf infusion, pH, water content, total solids, physical property, CRD
NEW STABILITY INDICATING METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF PURITY OF FLIBANSERIN ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENT
Authors: Chew Yik-Ling , Lee Hon-Kent , Bontha Venkata Subrahmanya Lokesh ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University.No. 1 Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: September 2021

Flibanserin has been recently approved by the USFDA for treating female sexual interest disorder. It is currently not included in any of the Pharmacopoeias. No stability indicating method information about flibanserin has been reported in the literature. Flibanserin stock solution (1 mg/mL) was prepared and serially diluted (concentration ranged 1-20 μg/mL). Flibanserin solutions (1-20 μg/mL) were analysed using RP-HPLC under isocratic elution of mobile phase acetonitrile and ammonium acetate (60:40; V/V) at 1 mL/minute. This HPLC method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ), according to ICH guidelines. Results showed that the method developed has promising linearity (r2= 0.9993), accuracy, precision (0.92-1.61%), robustness, LOD and LOQ. The developed HPLC method for evaluation of flibanserin was found reliable, precise, sensitive, accurate and repeatable for routine analysis and quality control of flibanserin. It is suitable to be used as stability indicating method in pharmaceutical analysis.
EVALUATION OF IN VITRO MELANOGENESIS INHIBITION ACTIVITY OF KADAMBA (ANTHOCEPHALUS CADAMBA MIQ.)
Authors: Kurve Siddhisha , Khambete Mihir , Kadam Rupa
Published: September 2021

The pigment melanin is directly responsible for imparting skin color and imbalance in its production may lead to hyper- or hypo-pigmentation. Hyperpigmentation is characterized by excessive deposition of melanin in the epidermal layer of the skin. In the growing field of bioactive cosmeceuticals, there is a constant demand for newer and more efficacious agents to counter hyperpigmentation. Kadamba is reported to regulate skin pigmentation as per Acharya Vagbhata, but remains comparatively underexplored. In the current study, Anthocephalus cadamba Miq. was screened for inhibition of melanogenesis by studying the effect on enzyme tyrosinase. The crude drug powder was examined at various concentrations ranging from 0.5mg/mL to 3 mg/mL and the IC50 value for tyrosinase inhibition was found to be 1.80 ± 0.10 mg/mL. The results indicate the potential of Anthocephalus cadamba Miq. as an effective de-pigmenting bioactive agent.
WHY PHYTOPHARMACEUTICAL DRUG DISCOVERY?
Authors:   A Pharmaceutical scientist/academician, Handa S. S.
Published: September 2021

Dear Reader, “Phytopharmaceutical drug” includes a purified and standardised fraction with defined minimum four bio-active or phyto-chemical compounds (qualitatively and quantitatively assessed) of an extract of a medicinal plant or its part, for internal or external use of human beings or animals for diagnosis, treatment, mitigation or prevention of any disease or disorder but does not include administration by parenteral route as specified in Rule 122 (eb) of the Drugs & Cosmetics (D&C) Govt. of India”. The data requirements have been specified in the Appendix IB of Schedule Y & GMP manufacturing as per Schedule M (part VI) of D&C Rules. Clinical trials for phytopharmaceutical drugs is to be conducted as per applicable rules and guidelines for a new drug.”
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF CILNIDIPINE, CHLORTHALIDONE AND TELMISARTAN IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Goday Swapna , Shaik Abdul Rahaman , Avula Prameela Rani
Published: September 2021

A simple, accurate and precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of cilnidipine, chlorthalidone and telmisartan in tablet dosage form on Agilent C18 column (150mmx4.6mm dia., 5µ particle size), using buffer and acetonitrile in the ratio of 55:45 V/V, which was pumped through the column with a flow rate of 1mL/min.The buffer used in this method was 0.1% orthophosphoric acid at a pH of 2.5.The run time was 5 min. and the retention time of cilnidipine, chlorthalidone and telmisartan were found to be2.105min, 2.813min and 3.505min. Reference standard solutions of the drugs were prepared by dissolving firstly in methanol and then diluting with methanol and water (50:50 V/V). This method provides good linearity (R2 =0.999) over a range of 5-30µg/mL of cilnidipine,6.25-37.5µg/mL of chlorthalidone and 20-120µg/mL of telmisartan. Optimized wavelength was 238nm. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, detection limit, quantification limit, robustness and forced degradation.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF WHOLE FLOWER OF HIBISCUS ROSA-SINENSIS LINN EXTRACTS IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: Agrawal Krishna Kumar ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus Bichpuri, Agra - 283 105, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: September 2021

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn flowers..Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury in rats and pentobarbitone induced hypnosis methods were used to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity. Alteration in biochemical parameters of hepatic damage, such as alanine transminase (ALT), aspartate transminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and pentobarbitone induced sleeping time were tested in different groups of study. Carbon tetrachloride (1mL/kg i.p.) enhances the level of biochemical markers of hepatic damage and increases the sleeping time in mice. Treatment with ethanolic and aqueous extracts of H. rosa-sinensis flowers (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) has significantly brought back the altered levels of biochemical markers to near normal levels in a dose dependent manner, as compared to silyamarin (100mg/kg) and control group (1% w/V CMC).The result indicaes that the hepatoprotective activity shown may be due to the presence of flavonoids, mucilage, tannins or alkaloids, which justify its folkloric use.
Operational Cost Minimization of Grid Connected Microgrid System Using Fire Fly Technique
Authors:   SCOPE College of Engineering, Bhopal, India, Jain Shubhanshee
Published: September 2021

Present time, green energy sources interfacing to the utility grid by utilizing microgrid system is very vital to satisfy the ever increasing energy demand. Optimal operation of the microgrid system improved the generation from the distributed renewable energy sources at the lowest operational cost. Large amount of constraints and variables are associated with the microgrid economic operation problem. Thus, this problem is very complex and required efficient technique for handing the problem adequately. Therefore, this research utilized the efficient fire fly optimization technique for solving the formulated microgrid operation control problem. Fire fly algorithm is based on the behavior and nature of the fire flies. A microgrid system modelling which incorporated various distributed energy sources such as solar photo voltaic, wind turbine, micro turbine, fuel cell, diesel generator, electric vehicle technology, battery energy storage system and demands. Energy storage system is utilized in this research for supporting renewable energy sources’ integration in more reliable and qualitative way. Further, the electric vehicle technology i.e. battery electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle are utilized to support the microgrid and utility grid systems with respect to variable demands. Optimal operational cost minimization problem of the developed microgrid system is solved by fire fly algorithm and compared with the grey wolf optimization and particle swarm optimization techniques. By comparative analysis it is clear that the fire fly algorithm provides the minimum operational cost of microgrid system as compared to the GWO and PSO. MATLAB software is utilized to model the microgrid system and implementation of the optimization techniques.
Web Development Using Angular: A Case Study
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India, Sahani Amarpreet Kaur
Published: September 2021

Web development is same as building a house. Just like we require a plan, a building permit and license from city, web development also requires documentation, appropriate server, designing and a programming language. Since the standards of web de- signing are always increasing and so does the complexity of the technology required, frameworks have now become a crucial part of developing websites or web applications. It is absolutely unreasonable to reinvent the wheel, thus for designing rich and attractive websites, it is very much sensible to use frameworks endorsed by developers all over the world. Django, Angular, Spring, React, Vue, Express are some of the well-known web development frameworks. In my project I have used Angular.
Penerapan Metode Card Sort Pada Pembelajaran Fiqh Materi Sholat Fardhu Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas II MI Miftahul Ulum Cempokolimo
Authors: Kurnia Niva , Fauzi Akhmad
Published: September 2021

This article aims to increase the motivation to learn Fiqh for class II Miftahul Ulumu Cempoko Limo, in learning Fiqh using the Card Sort method. this article is a Classroom Action Research. The subjects of this study were 20 grade II students of Miftahul Ulumu Cempoko Limo. The results of the article showed that there was an increase from cycle I to cycle II. The implementation of fiqh learning using the Card Sort method in order to increase students' learning motivation is carried out with the following learning steps: (1) Studying the concept of a subject matter, (2) Matching the material on paper A to paper B, (3) Discussing the results of compiling , and (4) Group presentation in front of the class. The average cycle motivation results increased, the average in the first cycle was 70 increased to 83 in the second cycle and the results of the learning motivation questionnaire in the first cycle was 66% with the category once enough to 86% with the very good category in the second cycle. So it can be concluded that the use of the Card Sort method can increase students' learning motivation.
Sobre la velocidad de la muerte, sus formas de captura y la extracción de carbón en Cerrejón
Authors: Pedraza Oscar
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se discuten las dificultades, tensiones y conflictos que emergen en la construcción de casos de violaciones a derechos humanos relacionadas con minería. El artículo se concentra principalmente en los retos que enfrentan abogados y activistas de derechos humanos Colombia. Entre esos retos se encuentran: 1) La relación entre derechos humanos y minería, que implican paradigmas jurídicos, políticos y epistémicos cualitativamente distintos y obligan a la reelaboración en las formas de trabajo de quienes participan en los casos; 2) las disputas concretas en torno al estatus de verdad de los datos que sustentan las pruebas y los argumentos jurídicos, políticos y morales; 3) las diferentes formas de la muerte, que deben ser capturadas a través de prácticas, epistemologías e instituciones que no siempre son las adecuadas. Palabras clave: movimientos sociales, carbón, extractivismo, expertos, ong, saberes,derechos humanos, antropología jurídica. Abstract: On speed of death, its forms of capture and the coal extraction in Cerrejón Abstract: This paper discusses the tensions and conflicts that emerge in the processes of making cases of human rights violations linked to mining extraction. I focus on the challenges that human rights lawyers and activists, who have become experts in the art of assembling cases of human rights related to political violence in a context of war face when confronted to the making of human rights cases related to mining. Among these challenges are: 1) the relation between human rights and mining, which involve legal, political and epistemic paradigms that are often different, forcing the actors involved to reelaborate them; 2) the disputes on the truth status of the date used to sustain judicial, moral and political arguments and proofs; 3) different modalities of death that need to be captured, often with epistemological and political tools that are not always adequate. Keywords: social movements, coal, extractivism, experts, ngo’s.
Volver a tu tierra: dispositivo pedagógico intra y entrecultural en la formación docente inicial en Oaxaca, México
Authors: Contreras Isaac Angeles
Published: September 2021

La formación docente inicial es un espacio de configuración de sujetos pedagógicos, cuya tarea será participar en el proceso de configuración de los sujetos de la sociedad del futuro; ante ese escenario y considerando al docente como sujeto productor de imaginarios y realidades sociales, se requiere de dispositivos y procesos pedagógicos y didácticos que problematicen su trayecto configurativo desde una lógica intra-entrecultural, que a la postre le permita repensarse como sujeto cultural situado/a en espacio-tiempo. Es ahí donde el dispositivo pedagógico-didácti­co denominado “Volver a tu tierra”, representa un reto y una oportunidad para los docentes forma­dores y docentes en formación, para afianzar su sentido de pertenencia geobiocultural, que valore sus prácticas sociales, así como el fortalecimiento de su identidad profesional: esta propuesta no está ajena a las críticas, conflictos y desafíos; sin embargo, representa una opción formativa que permite desplegar las potencias humanas de quienes pretenden detonar procesos de humaniza­ción en este jardín de la diversidad geobiocultural.Palabras clave: dispositivo pedagógico, intracultural, entrecultural, educación, educación comunal y diversidad cultural. ABSTRACTGoing back to your land, intra-amidstcultural pedagogical device in the initial education of teachers in Oaxaca, MexicoThe pedagogical device (mechanism) “Volver a tu tierra” (Coming back to your homeland) is a didactic-pedagogical proposal for the Initial Teachers Training, based upon an intra-entrecultural perspective in order to promote a contextual education in a multi-cul­tural entity with communal and communitarian life practices in the presence of a homogenization education policy and cultural hegemonization; teachers, as pedagogical and cultural beings, are responsible for generating cultural re-significance, re-assesment and re-acknowledgement pro­cesses in order to generate pedagogical and didactic processes which revitalize them, in a such way that they can reinforce the sense of belonging of the students, starting from their matrio and nosotrico context as a bio-cultural space and from other cultural matrix; on the basis of the COMUNALIDAD approach as a millenary life practice, teachers can change the cultural subordi­nation in which indigenous peoples have been submitted.Keywords: pedagogical device (mechanism), intra-entrecultural, education, communal education, communitarian, cultural diversity.
Agenciamiento de la memoria social en la escuela colombiana como mecanismo reparador
Authors: Torres Gámez Ingrid Lorena
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo reflexionar sobre el papel de la escue­la en los ejercicios de reparación de afectaciones acaecidas en el marco del conflicto armado en Colombia. Para dicha tarea, resulta importante reconocer que hace aproximadamente tres décadas las Ciencias Sociales asisten al crecimiento exponencial de trabajos que sitúan la memoria como elemento sustancial en la comprensión del pasado y su incidencia en los discursos sociales, polí­ticos, culturales y normativos del presente, frente a los cuales la escuela no es indiferente, pues se encuentra en un lugar privilegiado para la producción y reproducción de discursos relacionados con los ejercicios de memoria. En este sentido, se acude metodológicamente al orden cualitativo de revisión bibliográfica, enfatizada en la localización y recuperación de información para construir reflexiones desde la óptica de la pedagogía de la memoria, que, más que conclusiones, se conciben como abrebocas ante la mirada multidisciplinar con la que es necesario asumir los retos del reco­nocimiento de las diversas formas de reparar en la escuela.Palabras clave: memoria social, conflicto armado, escuela, reparación. ABSTRACTSocial memory agency in the Colombian school as a reparation mechanism The aim of this article is to reflect on the role of the school in the exercises for making amends that have occurred in the context of the armed conflict in Colombia. For this task, it is important to recognize that approximately three decades ago Social Sciences attended the exponential growth of works that place the memory as a substantial element in the understanding of the past and its incidence in the social, political, cultural and normative discourses of the present, in which the school is not indifferent, because it is on a privileged place for the production and reproduction of discourses related to memory exer­cises. In this sense, a methodological approach is done tothe qualitative order of bibliographic review, emphasized in the location and retrieval of information, to build reflections from the perspective of the pedagogy of memory, which, more than conclusions, are conceived as an appetizer before the multidisciplinary view that is necessary to assume the challenges of the recognition of the diverse forms to make amend for the school.Keywords: social memory, armed conflict, school, to make amend for.