bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Model Spatial Resolution on Ecohydrologic Predictions and Their Sensitivity to Inter-Annual Climate Variability
Authors: Son Kyongho , Tague Christina , Hunsaker Carolyn
Published: July 2016

The effect of fine-scale topographic variability on model estimates of ecohydrologic responses to climate variability in California’s Sierra Nevada watersheds has not been adequately quantified and may be important for supporting reliable climate-impact assessments. This study tested the effect of digital elevation model (DEM) resolution on model accuracy and estimates of the sensitivity of ecohydrologic responses to inter-annual climate variability. The Regional Hydro-Ecologic Simulation System (RHESSys) was applied to eight headwater, high-elevation watersheds located in the Kings River drainage basin. Each watershed was calibrated with measured snow depth (or snow water equivalent) and daily streamflow. Modeled streamflow estimates were sensitive to DEM resolution, even with resolution-specific calibration of soil drainage parameters. For model resolutions coarser than 10 m, the accuracy of streamflow estimates largely decreased. Reduced model accuracy was related to the reduction in spatial variance of a topographic wetness index with coarser DEM resolutions. This study also found that among the long-term average ecohydrologic estimates, summer flow estimates were the most sensitive to DEM resolution, and coarser resolution models overestimated the climatic sensitivity for evapotranspiration and net primary productivity. Therefore, accounting for fine-scale topographic variability in ecohydrologic modeling may be necessary for reliably assessing climate change effects on lower-order Sierra Nevada watersheds (≤2.3 km2).
Comparison of two ultrasound-guided injection techniques targeting the sacroiliac joint region in equine cadavers
Authors: Bergamino Chiara , Sanders Ruth , Fogarty Ursula , Puggioni Antonella , Kearney Clodagh , David Florent , David Stack John
Published: July 2016

Objectives: To compare the accuracy and distribution of injectate for cranial (CR) and caudomedial (CM) ultrasound-guided injections of equine sacroiliac joints.

Methods: Both sacroiliac joints from 10 lumbo sacropelvic specimens were injected using cranial parasagittal (CR; curved 18 gauge, 25 cm spinal needles) and caudomedial (CM; straight 18 gauge, 15 cm spinal needles) ultrasound-guided approaches. Injectate consisted of 4 ml iodinated contrast and 2 ml methylene blue. Computed tomo-graphical (CT) scans were performed before and after injections. Time for needle guidance and repositioning attempts were recorded. The CT sequences were analysed for accuracy and distribution of contrast.

Results: Intra-articular contrast was detected in sacroiliac joints following 15/40 injections. The CR and CM approaches deposited injectate ≤ 2 cm from sacroiliac joint margins following 17/20 and 20/20 injections, respectively. Median distance of closest contrast to the sacroiliac joint was 0.4 cm (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.5 cm) for CR approaches and 0.6 cm (IQR: 0.95 cm) for CM approaches. Cranial injections resulted in injectate contacting lumbosacral intertrans-verse joints 15/20 times. Caudomedial injections were perivascular 16/20 times.

Limitations: Safety and efficacy could not be established.

Clinical relevance: Cranial and CM ultra-sound-guided injections targeting sacroiliac joints were very accurate for periarticular injection, but accuracy was poor for intra- articular injection. Injectate was frequently found in contact with interosseous sacroiliac ligaments, as well as neurovascular and synovial structures in close vicinity of sacroiliac joints.
Damage Control: Media Framing of Sport Event Crises and the Response Strategies of Organizers
Authors: Carey K. Meaghan , Mason Daniel S.
Published: July 2016

The hosting of major sporting events has gained favor with governments seeking to reimage their city or nation. These events are often considered a policy tool able to accelerate infrastructure development, promote tourism, and act as an economic stimulator. However, hosting a major
event requires significant coordination between stakeholders and the skillful management of resources; when this does not occur a crisis may arise. The resulting negative media coverage needs to be correctly managed by organizers to mitigate any lasting damage to the reputation of the region
and event. The 2010 Delhi Commonwealth Games was selected as a single case study to examine the management of, and response by, event organizers to negative media coverage created by organizational crisis. The study examined 478 media news articles from media outlets with national and international
distribution. Analysis explored four media frames commonly found in crisis communication: attribution of responsibility, conflict, consequences, and human interest. The result shows that the attribution of responsibility and conflict frames were the most commonly
used in this case study, which is congruent with past research on preventable organizational crisis. In attempting to mitigate reputational damage, the event organizers focused on scapegoating and excuse responses. The results also indicate that the organizers did not appear to be successful
in their management or containment of the media coverage of the crises.
The Applicability and Usefulness of the Stakeholder Strategy Matrix for Festival Management
Authors: Van Niekerk Mathilda
Published: July 2016

This article examines the applicability and usefulness of the stakeholder strategy matrix in the context of festival management. An extensive literature review gave rise to the development of an online survey. Data for the study were collected from festival managers in the US. This empirical study indicated that internal and external festival stakeholders differ from each other in significant ways, and that different management strategies should be used to manage them. The stakeholder strategy matrix appears to be more effective for the management of internal festival stakeholders and the least effective for managing external festival stakeholders. Based on the results of the study, it can be postulated that the stakeholder strategy matrix can be applied effectively towards managing festival stakeholders and may provide useful management strategies for festival managers when managing their internal and external stakeholders. This is one of the first studies to be conducted in this area, and as such it contributes to the body of knowledge on management strategies for internal and external festival stakeholders.
The Spirit Lives on: The Legacy of Volunteering at the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games
Authors: Fairley Sheranne , Gardiner Sarah , Filo Kevin
Published: July 2016

This study examines the volunteer legacy of a mega-sport event. An online, qualitative, open-ended questionnaire (n = 15) and in-depth interviews (n = 10) were administered to and conducted with Sydney 2000 Olympic volunteers to ascertain the legacies that exist at least
10 years after the completion of the event. The results show that the legacy of the Olympic volunteer experience includes the starting and/or rekindling of a volunteer career, the development of a unique set of skills and abilities, and nostalgia for the atmosphere of the Games with a special
emphasis on the ideals of Olympism. The legacy has been perpetuated via formation of a group of volunteers soon after the Games as well as through the use of memorabilia along with sharing stories and expertise on the volunteer experience. The findings provide valuable insights for those seeking
to recruit and retain volunteers as well as those who are concerned with developing event legacy strategies to leverage volunteer efforts.
Consumers' Perceived Functions of and Attitude Toward Corporate Sponsors of Small-scale Amateur Sporting Events
Authors: Low Xiao Ting Bernice , Pyun Do Young
Published: July 2016

Aspiring to become a sporting nation, one recommendation from Singapore's Vision 2030 is to develop a sustainable resourcing model by encouraging more corporate companies to sponsor sporting events. This research aimed to identify the perceived functions of corporate sponsors, which
influenced consumers to develop positive attitudes toward these sponsors. A total of 210 undergraduate students participated in this study. The five perceived functions of corporate sponsors were ubiquity, sincerity, credibility, sponsor–event fit, and profit orientation. It was hypothesized
that perceived ubiquity and profit orientation negatively influenced consumers' attitude while perceived sincerity, credibility, and sponsor–event fit were positive influences. A multiple regression test showed perceived ubiquity and sponsor–event fit as significant functions that
positively influenced consumers' attitude toward corporate sponsors of small-scale sporting events.
Measuring Motivations for Popular Music Concert Attendance
Authors: Kulczynski Alicia , Baxter Stacey , Young Tamara
Published: July 2016

An understanding of consumer motivations for event attendance is important to designing product offerings, planning event programs, and effectively marketing them to potential audiences, yet audience analysis in reference to the market for live music concerts is extremely sparse. The
purpose of this study was to understand consumer's motivations for attending a popular music concert and to develop a valid and reliable scale to empirically measure these motivations. A multiphased approach was adopted. First, focus groups were conducted to explore motivations for popular
music concert attendance. Second, drawing from literature and focus group findings, a pool of items was developed and evaluated to establish face validity. Third, a pretest was conducted (n = 60) and exploratory factor analysis performed to ensure items adequately explained motivation
dimensions. Finally, an online questionnaire was administered to the general public (n = 502). Content, criterion, and construct validity as well as internal consistency were examined and the psychometric properties of the scale assessed to determine the accuracy and reliability of
the concert attendance motivation scale (CAMS). Focus group findings revealed 10 primary motivations for concert attendance. The empirical data also supported the notion that the CAMS is a multifaceted construct, comprising 10 dimensions.
Profiling Masquerade Festival Attendees in Ghana
Authors: Akyeampong Oheneba Akwasi , Yankholmes Aaron
Published: July 2016

This article describes a study profiling 241 attendees to the 2014 masquerade festival in Winneba in Southern Ghana according to their support for and past membership of the competing masquerade groups. Three cohorts of attendees were used to highlight the differences that exist in
terms of their demographics and trip/event profile, information sources, and how satisfied they were with various facilities and services provided by the event organizers. The study found that two cohorts belonged to or supported a masquerade group while the majority neither belonged to nor
supported a masquerade group nor ever been masqueraders. The demographic profile of the majority subsample showed they were likely to be female, young, employed with above-average incomes and educational attainment. Their main source of information on the festival was friends, and they also
tended to be intolerable of the long ticket queues and other appalling conditions of the event venue more than the other subgroups and this had implications for marketing and product development.
New development and validation of 50 SSR markers in breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis, Moraceae) by next‐generation sequencing
Authors: De Bellis Fabien , Malapa Roger , Kagy Valérie , Lebegin Stéphane , Billot Claire , Labouisse Jean‐Pierre
Published: July 2016

Premise of the study:

Using next‐generation sequencing technology, new microsatellite loci were characterized in Artocarpus altilis (Moraceae) and two congeners to increase the number of available markers for genotyping breadfruit cultivars.

Methods and Results:

A total of 47,607 simple sequence repeat loci were obtained by sequencing a library of breadfruit genomic DNA with an Illumina MiSeq system. Among them, 50 single‐locus markers were selected and assessed using 41 samples (39 A. altilis, one A. camansi, and one A. heterophyllus). All loci were polymorphic in A. altilis, 44 in A. camansi, and 21 in A. heterophyllus. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 19.

Conclusions:

The new markers will be useful for assessing the identity and genetic diversity of breadfruit cultivars on a small geographical scale, gaining a better understanding of farmer management practices, and will help to optimize breadfruit genebank management.
National Institute of Justice Forensic Science Research and Development Symposium
Authors: McCleary Nicole , LaPorte Gerald , McLeod-Henning Danielle
Published: July 2016

The 2016 NIJ Research and Development Symposium is intended to promote collaboration and enhance knowledge transfer of NIJ-funded research. The NIJ Research and Development (R&D) Program funds both basic or applied R&D projects that will (1) increase the body of knowledge to guide and inform forensic science policy and practice, or (2) result in the production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods that have the potential for forensic application. The intent of this program is to direct the findings of basic scientific research; research and development in broader scientific fields applicable to forensic science; and ongoing forensic science research toward the development of highly discriminating, accurate, reliable, cost-effective, and rapid methods for the identification, analysis, and interpretation of physical evidence for criminal justice purposes.
NIJ and the Forensic Technology Center of Excellence are committed to improving the practice of forensic science and strengthening its impact through support of R&D, rigorous technology evaluation and adoption, effective knowledge transfer and education, and comprehensive dissemination of best practices and guidelines to agencies dedicated to combating crime.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN METALLICITY AND DEBRIS DISK MASS
Authors: Gáspár András , Rieke George H. , Ballering Nicholas
Published: July 2016

We find that the initial dust masses in planetary debris disks are correlated with the metallicities of their central stars. We compiled a large sample of systems, including Spitzer, the Herschel DUNES and DEBRIS surveys, and WISE debris disk candidates. We also merged 33 metallicity catalogs to provide homogeneous [Fe/H] and

values. We analyzed this merged sample, including 222 detected disks (74 warm and 148 cold) around a total of 187 systems (some with multiple components) and 440 disks with only upper limits (125 warm and 315 cold) around a total of 360 systems. The disk dust masses at a common early evolutionary point in time were determined using our numerical disk evolutionary code, evolving a unique model for each of the 662 disks backward to an age of 1 Myr. We find that disk-bearing stars seldom have metallicities less than

and that the distribution of warm component masses lacks examples with large mass around stars of low metallicity (

). Previous efforts to find a correlation have been largely unsuccessful; the primary improvements supporting our result are (1) basing the study on dust masses, not just infrared excess detections; (2) including upper limits on dust mass in a quantitative way; (3) accounting for the evolution of debris disk excesses as systems age; (4) accounting fully for the range of uncertainties in metallicity measurements; and (5) having a statistically large enough sample.
ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUNSPOT STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC FIELD CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH SOLAR FLARES
Authors: Song Y. L. , Zhang M.
Published: July 2016

Many previous studies have shown that magnetic fields and sunspot structures present rapid and irreversible changes associated with solar flares. In this paper, we first use five X-class flares observed by Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager to show that not only do magnetic fields and sunspot structures show rapid, irreversible changes, but also that these changes are closely related both spatially and temporally. The magnitudes of the correlation coefficients between the temporal variations of the horizontal magnetic field and sunspot intensity are all larger than 0.90, with a maximum value of 0.99 and an average value of 0.96. Then, using four active regions during quiescent periods, three observed and one simulated, we show that in sunspot penumbra regions there also exists a close correlation between sunspot intensity and horizontal magnetic field strength in addition to the well-known correlation between sunspot intensity and the normal magnetic field strength. By connecting these two observational phenomena, we show that the sunspot structure change and magnetic field change are two facets of the same phenomena of solar flares; one change might be induced by the change of the other due to a linear correlation between sunspot intensity and magnetic field strength out of a local force balance.
IGRINS SPECTROSCOPY OF CLASS I SOURCES: IRAS 03445+3242 AND IRAS 04239+2436
Authors: Lee Seokho , Lee Jeong-Eun , Park Sunkyung , Lee Jae-Joon , Kidder Benjamin , Mace Gregory N. , Jaffe Daniel T.
Published: July 2016

We have detected molecular and atomic line emission from the hot and warm disks of two Class I sources, IRAS 03445+3242 and IRAS 04239+2436, using the high-resolution Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrograph (IGRINS). CO overtone band transitions and near-IR lines of Na i and Ca i, all in emission, trace the hot inner disk, while CO rovibrational absorption spectra of the first overtone transition trace the warm gas within the inner few AU of the disk. The emission-line profiles for both sources show evidence for Keplerian disks. A thin Keplerian disk with power-law temperature and column density profiles with a projected rotational velocity of ∼60–75 km s−1 and a gas temperature of ∼3500 K at the innermost annulus can reproduce the CO overtone band emission. Na i and Ca i emission lines also arise from this disk, but they show complicated line features possibly affected by photospheric absorption lines. Multi-epoch observations show asymmetric variations of the line profiles on one-year (CO overtone bandhead and atomic lines for IRAS 03445+3242) or on one-day (atomic lines for IRAS 04239+2436) timescales, implying non-axisymmetric features in disks. The narrow CO rovibrational absorption spectra (v = 0

→

2) indicate that both warm (>150 K) and cold (∼20–30 K) CO gas are present along the line of sight to the inner disk. This study demonstrates the power of IGRINS as a tool for studies of the sub-AU-scale hot and AU-scale warm protoplanetary disks with its simultaneous coverage of the full H and K bands with high spectral resolution (R = 45,000) allowing many aspects of the sources to be investigated at once.
DID THE CRAB PULSAR UNDERGO A SMALL GLITCH IN 2006 LATE MARCH/EARLY APRIL?
Authors: Vivekanand M.
Published: July 2016

On 2006 August 23 the Crab Pulsar underwent a glitch, which was reported by the Jodrell Bank and the Xinjiang radio observatories. Neither data are available to the public. However, the Jodrell group publishes monthly arrival times of the Crab Pulsar pulse (their actual observations are done daily), and using these, it is shown that about 5 months earlier the Crab Pulsar probably underwent a small glitch, which has not been reported before. Neither observatory discusses the detailed analysis of data from 2006 March to August; either they may not have detected this small glitch, or they may have attributed it to timing noise in the Crab Pulsar. The above result is verified using X-ray data from RXTE. If this is indeed true, this is probably the smallest glitch observed in the Crab Pulsar so far, whose implications are discussed. This work addresses the confusion possible between small-magnitude glitches and timing noise in pulsars.
MULTIPLE OUTFLOWS IN THE GIANT ERUPTION OF A MASSIVE STAR*
Authors: Humphreys Roberta M. , Martin John C. , Gordon Michael S. , Jones Terry J.
Published: July 2016

The supernova impostor PSN J09132750+7627410 in NGC 2748 reached a maximum luminosity of ≈−14 mag. It was quickly realized that it was not a true supernova, but another example of a nonterminal giant eruption. PSN J09132750+7627410 is distinguished by multiple P Cygni absorption minima in the Balmer emission lines that correspond to outflow velocities of −400, −1100, and −1600 km s−1. Multiple outflows have been observed in only a few other objects. In this paper we describe the evolution of the spectrum and the P Cygni profiles for 3 months past maximum, the post-maximum formation of a cool, dense wind, and the identification of a possible progenitor. One of the possible progenitors is an infrared source. Its pre-eruption spectral energy distribution suggests a bolometric luminosity of −8.3 mag and a dust temperature of 780 K. If it is the progenitor, it is above the AGB limit, unlike the intermediate-luminosity red transients. The three P Cygni profiles could be due to ejecta from the current eruption, the wind of the progenitor, or previous mass-loss events. We suggest that they were all formed as part of the same high-mass-loss event and are due to material ejected at different velocities or energies. We also suggest that multiple outflows during giant eruptions may be more common than reported.
PROBABILITY OF CME IMPACT ON EXOPLANETS ORBITING M DWARFS AND SOLAR-LIKE STARS
Authors: Kay C. , Opher M. , Kornbleuth M.
Published: July 2016

Solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) produce adverse space weather effects at Earth. Planets in the close habitable zone of magnetically active M dwarfs may experience more extreme space weather than at Earth, including frequent CME impacts leading to atmospheric erosion and leaving the surface exposed to extreme flare activity. Similar erosion may occur for hot Jupiters with close orbits around solar-like stars. We have developed a model, Forecasting a CME's Altered Trajectory (ForeCAT), which predicts a CME's deflection. We adapt ForeCAT to simulate CME deflections for the mid-type M dwarf V374 Peg and hot Jupiters with solar-type hosts. V374 Peg's strong magnetic fields can trap CMEs at the M dwarfs's Astrospheric Current Sheet, that is, the location of the minimum in the background magnetic field. Solar-type CMEs behave similarly, but have much smaller deflections and do not become trapped at the Astrospheric Current Sheet. The probability of planetary impact decreases with increasing inclination of the planetary orbit with respect to the Astrospheric Current Sheet: 0.5–5 CME impacts per day for M dwarf exoplanets, 0.05–0.5 CME impacts per day for solar-type hot Jupiters. We determine the minimum planetary magnetic field necessary to shield a planet's atmosphere from CME impacts. M dwarf exoplanets require values between tens and hundreds of Gauss. Hot Jupiters around a solar-type star, however, require a more reasonable <30 G. These values exceed the magnitude required to shield a planet from the stellar wind, suggesting that CMEs may be the key driver of atmospheric losses.
THE IBEX RIBBON AND THE PICKUP ION RING STABILITY IN THE OUTER HELIOSHEATH. II. MONTE-CARLO AND PARTICLE-IN-CELL MODEL RESULTS
Authors: Niemiec J. , Florinski V. , Heerikhuisen J. , Nishikawa K.-I.
Published: July 2016

The nearly circular ribbon of energetic neutral atom (ENA) emission discovered by NASA’s Interplanetary Boundary EXplorer satellite (IBEX), is most commonly attributed to the effect of charge exchange of secondary pickup ions (PUIs) gyrating about the magnetic field in the outer heliosheath (OHS) and the interstellar space beyond. The first paper in the series (Paper I) presented a theoretical analysis of the pickup process in the OHS and hybrid-kinetic simulations, revealing that the kinetic properties of freshly injected proton rings depend sensitively on the details of their velocity distribution. It was demonstrated that only rings that are not too narrow (parallel thermal spread above a few km s−1) and not too wide (parallel temperature smaller than the core plasma temperature) could remain stable for a period of time long enough to generate ribbon ENAs. This paper investigates the role of electron dynamics and the extra spatial degree of freedom in the ring ion scattering process with the help of two-dimensional full particle-in-cell (PIC) kinetic simulations. A good agreement is observed between ring evolution under unstable conditions in hybrid and PIC models, and the dominant modes are found to propagate parallel to the magnetic field. We also present more realistic ribbon PUI distributions generated using Monte Carlo simulations of atomic hydrogen in the global heliosphere and examine the effect of both the cold ring-like and the hot “halo” PUIs produced from heliosheath ENAs on the ring stability. It is shown that the second PUI population enhances the fluctuation growth rate, leading to faster isotropization of the solar-wind-derived ring ions.
THE HYDROGEN EPOCH OF REIONIZATION ARRAY DISH. I. BEAM PATTERN MEASUREMENTS AND SCIENCE IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Neben Abraham R. , Bradley Richard F. , Hewitt Jacqueline N. , DeBoer David R. , Parsons Aaron R. , Aguirre James E. , Ali Zaki S. , Cheng Carina , Ewall-Wice Aaron , Patra Nipanjana , Thyagarajan Nithyanandan , Bowman Judd , Dickenson Roger , Dillon Joshua S. , Doolittle Phillip , Egan Dennis , Hedrick Mike , Jacobs Daniel C. , Kohn Saul A. , Klima Patricia J. , Moodley Kavilan , Saliwanchik Benjamin R. B. , Schaffner Patrick , Shelton John , Taylor H. A. , Taylor Rusty , Tegmark Max , Wirt Butch , Zheng Haoxuan
Published: July 2016

The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) is a radio interferometer aiming to detect the power spectrum of 21 cm fluctuations from neutral hydrogen from the epoch of reionization (EOR). Drawing on lessons from the Murchison Widefield Array and the Precision Array for Probing the EOR, HERA is a hexagonal array of large (14 m diameter) dishes with suspended dipole feeds. The dish not only determines overall sensitivity, but also affects the observed frequency structure of foregrounds in the interferometer. This is the first of a series of four papers characterizing the frequency and angular response of the dish with simulations and measurements. In this paper, we focus on the angular response (i.e., power pattern), which sets the relative weighting between sky regions of high and low delay and thus apparent source frequency structure. We measure the angular response at 137 MHz using the ORBCOMM beam mapping system of Neben et al. We measure a collecting area of 93 m2 in the optimal dish/feed configuration, implying that HERA-320 should detect the EOR power spectrum at z ∼ 9 with a signal-to-noise ratio of 12.7 using a foreground avoidance approach with a single season of observations and 74.3 using a foreground subtraction approach. Finally, we study the impact of these beam measurements on the distribution of foregrounds in Fourier space.
NONUNIVERSAL STAR FORMATION EFFICIENCY IN TURBULENT ISM
Authors: Semenov Vadim A. , Kravtsov Andrey V. , Gnedin Nickolay Y.
Published: July 2016

We present a study of a star formation prescription in which star formation efficiency (SFE) depends on local gas density and turbulent velocity dispersion, as suggested by direct simulations of SF in turbulent giant molecular clouds (GMCs). We test the model using a simulation of an isolated Milky-Way-sized galaxy with a self-consistent treatment of turbulence on unresolved scales. We show that this prescription predicts a wide variation of local SFE per free-fall time,

∼ 0.1%–10%, and gas depletion time,

∼ 0.1–10 Gyr. In addition, it predicts an effective density threshold for star formation due to suppression of

in warm diffuse gas stabilized by thermal pressure. We show that the model predicts star formation rates (SFRs) in agreement with observations from the scales of individual star-forming regions to the kiloparsec scales. This agreement is nontrivial, as the model was not tuned in any way and the predicted SFRs on all scales are determined by the distribution of the GMC-scale densities and turbulent velocities σ in the cold gas within the galaxy, which is shaped by galactic dynamics. The broad agreement of the star formation prescription calibrated in the GMC-scale simulations with observations both gives credence to such simulations and promises to put star formation modeling in galaxy formation simulations on a much firmer theoretical footing.
A Novel Design of Energy-saving Wireless Intelligent Agricultural Detecting System
Authors: Wang Yiwang , Tang Houjun , Fan Shuki , Chen Hai , Wang Rui
Published: July 2016

In order to meet the needs of modern intelligent agricultural detection, this paper designs and develops a novel energy-saving intelligent wireless agricultural detecting system combined with technologies green power supply, wireless transmission and digital control. This system can be powered by green energy resources such as solar energy or wind power and combined with digital control and wireless communication technologies it can achieve collection of a large amount of parameters in terms of modern agricultural cultivation, which will meet the needs of different application scenarios. Results of repeated experiments have shown that it has such advantages as being green and environment-friendly, flexible and reliable.
Overview of Architectures with Arduino Boards as Building Blocks for Data Acquisition and Control Systems
Authors: Cvjetkovic Vladimir M , Matijevic Milan
Published: July 2016

Standard SBCs (Single Board Computer) with number of standard shields and sensors can be used as building blocks for rapid development of network of intelligent devices with sensing, control and Internet access. Arduino family of boards having high popularity and large number of sold units featuring open access, reliability, robustness, standard connections and low prices, possesses large potential for implementation of autonomous remote measurement and control systems of various levels of complexity. As Arduino boards can function independently, they are complete small computer platforms that can perform various tasks requiring some kind of interaction with the outer world. Arduino boards can be used and programmed in various ways, and can be arranged in various combinations forming some typical implementation architectures that this paper discusses. Starting from basic and simple configurations, more advanced are gradually considered from the aspects of chosen way of programming and combining with other boards. Special attention is devoted to NodeJS as programming platform for Arduino boards and considerations of libraries used with Arduino boards like Johnny-Five, Galileo-io firmata equivalent, mraa library and other ways of program access to GPIO like Linux Sysfs. As typical representatives of Arduino boards’ family, the Arduino Uno, Arduino Due and Arduino Galileo were selected, with justification that all other not mentioned boards are somewhere between those selected, according to official hardware specifications.
PLCs as Industry 4.0 Components in Laboratory Applications
Authors: Langmann Reinhard , Rojas-Peña Leandro
Published: July 2016

This paper focuses in three main subjects; the first one and the most important is the presentations and implementation of a concept to use an standard PLC as an Industry 4.0 (I40) component following the specification defined by the Industry 4.0 architecture RAMI 4.0. With this realization those industrial controllers can be easily integrated in Industry 4.0 production environments using the service paradigm. The next subject of this work involves some tests to evaluate the developed concept based on a prototype implementation. As result, the transmission time for the process data from the PLC to the IP network was determined for two use cases. The last part of the paper presents a practical implementation using a laboratory installation intendent to educational applications. With the PLC as an I40 component, process data can be transferred directly from the controller to an IP network without additional delays. The achieved result forms, amongst other things, the basis for outsourcing parts of the control program to a cloud. The prototype applications are available for learning and training purposes.
Open Modular Hardware and Software Kit for Creations of Remote Experiments Accessible from PC and Mobile Devices
Authors: Lustig Frantisek , Dvorak Jiri , Kuriscak Pavel , Brom Pavel
Published: July 2016

The goal of this paper is to introduce open modular hardware and software system “iSES Remote Lab SDK” (iSES – internet School Experimental Studio) designed for easy creation of real remotely controlled laboratories (RCL) that are accessible from PC, tablets and mobile phones. Open modular system “iSES Remote Lab SDK” consists of approx. 20 freely distributable JavaScript objects in a commented source code. Widgets are highly configurable and provide many well documented options and allow to build a complex measurement and control interface with data and video transfer. Open modular system “iSES Remote Lab SDK” can communicate with different measurement platforms (ISES, Arduino are ready; CMA CoachLab, Vernier etc. are tested), and also common universal measurement devices with a COM or USB port, further universal rotation and linear motion stepper motors, etc.). We will introdukce our 18 online advanced remote labs. Any user may have an access to the RCL on PC and mobile devices (iPad, smart phone, etc.) as well. Even non-programmers can build up a simple RCL and publish it in 15 minutes on the Internet!  System “iSES Remote Lab SDK“ has obtained the GOLC Online Laboratory Award 2016 in the category Remote Controlled Lab [1].
Augmented and Mixed Reality Features and Tools for Remote Laboratory Experiments
Authors: Smith Mark , Maiti Ananda , Maxwell Andrew D , Kist Alexander A
Published: July 2016

Augmented Reality (AR) is the process of overlaying meaningful interactive information in a live video stream for creating an enriched visual experience for users. Within Remote Access Laboratories (RAL) this enables users to gain design experience along with gaining knowledge about the particular experiment in question and potentially collaborate on design experiences. This paper focuses on the issues related to the applications of AR in RAL, the levels of AR in context of RAL and their effect on the learning tools. This paper also discusses the challenges of integrating a Natural User interface into the AR for RAL experiments. Finally it presets two example applications for AR in RAL experiment - Virtual Objects Creation and Object Identification and Tagging.
Áreas de preservação permanente (APPs) no Brasil e na França: um comparativo
Authors: Gass Sidnei Luís Bohn , Verdum Roberto , Corbonnois Jeannine , Laurent François
Published: July 2016

A legislação que define as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs), relacionadas às matas ciliares no Brasil, passou por inúmeras mudanças entre os anos de 1934 e 2012. O ponto central das discussões que ocorreram está na dualidade preservação versus produção agrícola, na qual se toma como parte da verdade que, deixar de utilizar determinadas áreas, significa reduzir a quantidade de alimentos produzidos, gerando uma discussão baseada num aspecto eminentemente econômico. Na França, é o código ratificado pela Lei de 2003 (lei n° 2003-590 de 2 de julho 2003, apelidada de lei “urbanisme et habitat”) que dispõe sobre a proteção de todos os espaços considerados como naturais. Ele inclui todas as disposições que visam a proteger o meio ambiente, em particular aquelas relativas à conservação de espécies de fauna e flora, além da proteção da paisagem. O presente artigo tem como objetivo central comparar o tratamento dado às APPs no Brasil e na França, trazendo para a discussão elementos que possam contribuir para a sua compreensão e as formas distintas de gestão dessas áreas em ambos os países. Objetiva-se também, determinar as questões e as disputas relacionadas à proteção ambiental. No Brasil, elas são tratadas mais na perspectiva da proteção dos ecossistemas naturais. Na França, tendo em vista a história de ocupação do espaço pelas sociedades humanas, as questões e as disputas se estabelecem em termos de recuperação e renaturalização do meio, incluídos na lógica da proteção ambiental. Assim, o artigo apresenta um contexto histórico das APPs nos dois países em questão, a partir das legislações existentes. Apresenta, ainda, a aplicação prática da legislação, trazendo assim novos elementos para a discussão. Comparando os modelos de legislação e sua aplicação, referente à temática das APPs, no Brasil e na França, observa-se que há diferentes aspectos do meio, de legislação ambiental e de necessidades de gestão, associadas à realidade de cada país, as quais são resultado dos processos históricos de ocupação e uso do solo. Cabe, por fim, uma pergunta: quais as semelhanças entre os modelos de gestão de ambos os países? As divergências, ainda, são numerosas, pois dependem da percepção/representação das pessoas em suas comunidades, da evolução das mentalidades e das mudanças de atitudes, da falta de dados, etc..
Eleições para o senado no Paraná: período 1994-2014
Authors: Barros Omar Neto Fernandes , Nagy André
Published: July 2016

A temática das eleições no Brasil vem sendo explorada por diversos autores ligados às Ciências Sociais, porém o método cartográfico é pouco utilizado. Tendo por base uma documentação cartográfica, esse trabalho tem como objetivo realizar a análise dos resultados das eleições para o Senado em âmbito estadual do Paraná, no período 1994 - 2014, para compreender a produção dos espaços político-eleitorais e propor prognósticos para 2018. O programa computacional utilizado foi o Philcarto, disponível em http://philcarto.free.fr, que permite além da confecção de cartas, avaliações e análises estatísticas integradas à elaboração das mesmas. Os principais resultados revelam uma regionalização preferencial dos votos em alguns candidatos, mas que podem variar ao longo do tempo.
L’étranger à la cour de France selon l’ambassade espagnole auprès du Roi très chrétien (1re moitié du XVIIe siècle)
Authors: Hugon Alain
Published: July 2016

La question de la perception des étrangers se pose de manière singulière pour les diplomates du roi d’Espagne à la cour de France car ils étaient issus d’un Empire qui agrégeait de nombreuses possessions et de nombreux peuples, et eux-mêmes n’étaient pas toujours de la nationalité de leur souverain. De ce fait, les ambassadeurs du Roi catholique percevaient-ils la nationalité et la naturalité différemment des sujets du roi de France en sa cour ? L’hostilité de celle-ci à leur égard et le contexte de rivalité expliquent l’attention que mettaient les diplomates à s’observer les uns les autres, bien qu’ils fussent tous étrangers. Ils se trouvaient confrontés à un espace curial qui délimitait de plus en plus nettement les espaces de pouvoir, favorisant les concurrences diplomatiques. Par ailleurs, une tendance à l’institutionnalisation des fonctions de contrôle des agents apparaissait à la cour de France, à laquelle ils étaient sensibles.
Les séries historiques entre la fiction et le réel : quand les scénaristes rivalisent avec les historiens
Authors: Deroide Ioanis
Published: July 2016

Cet article explore les liens entre les récits que construisent les historiens dans leurs livres et ceux que nous proposent les séries télévisées historiques afin de mettre en lumière comment les seconds peuvent concurrencer les premiers. Sa première partie montre les atouts dont disposent les auteurs de fictions télévisées pour traiter du passé de manière particulièrement vivante et riche, plus encore qu’au cinéma. Sa deuxième partie établit que les séries dites historiques relèvent davantage d’un travail de mémoire que d’histoire puisque justement le passé est saisi comme vivant dans une démarche où l’affect l’emporte sur la raison. Sa troisième partie essaie de définir ce que serait une série véritablement « historienne », c’est-à-dire construite selon un regard similaire à celui que l’historien porte sur l’objet de son étude.
Rome : un péplum enfin réaliste ?
Authors: Bessières Vivien
Published: July 2016

Nous aimerions nous demander si la forme sérielle ne conduit pas à repenser les termes du débat sur le réalisme et la mimesis. La question de la réalité est-elle la même au cinéma et dans une série télévisée ? La série Rome (HBO, 2005-7) participe d’un genre à prétention réaliste : le péplum, ou plutôt l’epic aux États-Unis. Passant d’un art à l’autre, le genre modifie-t-il son rapport au réel ? Il semble bien que, du film à la série, le réalisme de l’espace-temps ne cesse pas de se trouver confronté aux exigences génériques. Chaque genre réaliste constitue ainsi un vraisemblable propre. Sous ce rapport, une série n’est pas plus « vraie » qu’un film, et la réalité historique est toujours plus ou moins déformée au service de la fiction. Seul change le choix opéré dans le matériau historique – d’un art de l’événement à un art du quotidien. Le topos du combat de gladiateurs, par exemple, connaît un traitement tout différent sur le grand écran et sur le petit. Dans Gladiator, c’est un événement exceptionnel, qui a lieu dans l’immense amphithéâtre du Colisée, et auquel assistent l’empereur et sa cour. Dans Rome, c’est une manière habituelle de rendre la justice. Le combat se déroule dans une construction provisoire en bois, et seule la plèbe est présente. Films et séries font leur choix dans le matériau historique selon deux logiques différentes : la grande histoire événementielle pour les premiers ; le quotidien des petites gens pour les secondes. Cette nouvelle découpe du réel rejoint finalement l’évolution récente de la discipline historique.
Mad Men et l’art de la mise en perspective
Authors: Dufaye Lionel
Published: July 2016

Le présent article propose une analyse de la saison 1 de Mad Men sous l’angle de l’altérité. L’objectif est de montrer que les grandes composantes de la série, qu’il s’agisse des thématiques, du cadre temporel, des personnages ou encore de leurs dimensions relationnelles, se définissent tout autant par ce qu’elles sont que par ce qu’elles ne sont pas. Or, ces références en négatif sont mises en scène dans la série, parfois de manière relativement explicite, parfois de manière beaucoup plus oblique. C’est sur quelques-unes de ces références externes que nous nous arrêterons pour montrer de quelle manière elles contribuent pleinement de la mise en place des réseaux de sens de la série. Ainsi, après quelques remarques sur le graphisme et la logographie du générique, nous nous pencherons sur des personnages clés pour comprendre comment ils sont définis tout autant par des propriétés intrinsèques (pour certaines empruntées directement à des personnages extra-fictionnels) que par leur mode de relation avec d’autres personnages.
The American Presidency and the 25th Amendment in Contemporary TV Series: Fiction, Reality, and the Warped Mirrors of the Post-9/11 Zeitgeist
Authors: Michlin Monica
Published: July 2016

This article analyzes how recent TV series (1999-2010) have staged the American Presidency in a form of “revolving door” between fiction and reality, and how all stage a crisis allowing a vice-president to become president. While highlighting the contrasts in representations staged by series as diverse as 24, The West Wing, Commander-In-Chief, Heroes or Battlestar Galactica, this study will examine whether scripts that imagine “alternative” presidents empower us, as viewers, through projection and identification, preparing the collective subconscious for long-delayed progress and change, or whether the systematic casting of a central presidential figure simply reinforces the institution of the presidency itself. It will also question viewing in time: since History continues to unfold (or to repeat itself) after the series themselves have come to an end, is it not the case that the gap between the original viewing and a later viewing creates a “time warp” of sorts? More ironically still, is it not unavoidable that an opus that represents the Oval Office as a place of noble civics and virtuous political drama like The West Wing has become outdated compared to those series that most warp time, space, and our worldview, because fiction centering on distrust and paranoia, like 24, Battlestar Galactica, and even Heroes, better translates the post-9/11 zeitgeist?
Fiction and Reality in HBO’s Treme: A Narrative Alchemy at the Service of Political Truth
Authors: Dessinges Catherine , Gendrin Dominique , Hajjar Wendy
Published: July 2016

Author of the television drama The Wire, David Simon with Eric Overmyer launched a new series entitled Treme on the American channel HBO in April, 2010. Located in the heart of New Orleans, Tremé is a neighborhood known for its unique cultural, social, and historical context. It is the oldest African American neighborhood in the United States, the birthplace of the Black civil right movement in the South and the home of Jazz. Categorized as a drama by David Simon, the series is a work of fiction. Yet it also depicts day-to-day life in New Orleans in the aftermath of Katrina, referencing real events, real people, real places, and real cultural symbols. Relying on the work of Schaeffer and Esquenazi, this article links fiction to reality with an analysis of historical truths though fictional characters’ narratives. With this methodology, we examine the film-makers’ perspective, and uncover the political intentionality of the series as an act of denunciation against the dysfunctions of the local, state, and federal institutions in responding to the Katrina catastrophe. The political message of the series is also an act of testimony and homage about the daily lives and struggles of New Orleanians in a post-Katrina era.
Alan Ball’s California and Louisiana Series, Six Feet Under & True Blood: a Troubled State of the Nation
Authors: Paquet-Deyris Anne-Marie
Published: July 2016

Alan Ball, the critically-acclaimed screenwriter of American Beauty, launched his first series project in 2001 with Six Feet Under. His somber but humorous account of the dysfunctional Fisher family’s life and death in suburban Los Angeles held a fascinating mirror to contemporary American culture, ideology and alternative lifestyles. Talking to the Dead, while providing a direct access to the characters’ inner consciousness, allowed the characters to broach all kinds of taboo motifs and notions. When Ball’s latest series True Blood came out on HBO in 2008, the same sense of broken taboos and overstepped limits held the spectator captive. This time, the Dead were talking and fighting back to integrate into human society. Adapted from Charlaine Harris’ “Southern Vampire” collection of books, Ball’s protagonists even as vampires struggling for the Vampire Rights Amendment were only too human, riddled with coming-of-age worries and plain Angst. How then does Alan Ball inscribe the evils of simply living in contemporary America? Which subtle and not so subtle games of echoes unfold between the two widely successful and creative shows?