bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bidirectionally Photoresponsive Optoelectronic Transistors with Dual Photogates for All‐Optical‐Configured Neuromorphic Vision
Authors: Li Dingwei , Ren Huihui , Chen Yitong , Tang Yingjie , Liang Kun , Wang Yan , Li Fanfan , Liu Guolei , Meng Lei , Zhu Bowen
Published: June 2023

Bio‐inspired neuromorphic vision sensors, integrating optical sensing, and processing functions have attracted significant attention for developing future low‐power and high‐efficiency imaging systems. However, the compulsory electrical signal modulation to achieve inhibitory behaviors in most reported neuromorphic vision sensors results in additional hardware and computational latency. Herein, bidirectional photoresponsive optoelectronic synapses based on In2O3/Al2O3/Y6 phototransistors are achieved, realizing all‐optical‐configured synaptic weight updates enabled by dual photogates. The inhibitory and excitatory photoresponses originate from the photogating effects provided by trapped photogenerated electrons in Al2O3 under near‐infrared light and the ionized oxygen vacancies in In2O3 under ultra‐violet light, respectively. The bidirectional phototransistor illustrates outstanding optoelectronic synaptic characteristics with low nonlinearity and asymmetry, demonstrating high efficiencies in both preprocessing and postprocessing tasks, such as noise reduction, contrast enhancement, and pattern recognition. The proposed dual‐photogate optoelectronic synapses provide effective strategies to construct high‐efficiency neuromorphic vision sensors and in‐sensor computing systems.
Mixed Ruddlesden–Popper and Dion–Jacobson Phase Perovskites for Stable and Efficient Blue Perovskite LEDs
Authors: Li C‐H. Angus , Ko Pui Kei , Chan Christopher C. S. , Sergeev Aleksandr , Chen Dezhang , Tewari Neha , Wong Kam Sing , Halpert Jonathan E.
Published: June 2023

Producing efficient blue and deep blue perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs) still represents a significant challenge in optoelectronics. Blue PeLEDs still have problems relating to color, luminance, and structural and electrical stability so new materials are needed to achieve better performance. Recent reports suggest using low n states (n = 1, 2, 3) to achieve blue electroluminescence in Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskite films. However, there are fewer reports on the other quasi‐2D structure, Dion–Jacobson (DJ) perovksites, despite their highly desirable optical properties, due to the difficulty in achieving charge injection. To resolve this issue, herein, w e have mixed DJ phase precursors, propane‐1,3‐diammonium (PDA) bromide into RP phase perovskites and fabricated low‐dimensional PeLEDs. It is found that these specific precursors aid in suppressing both the low n (n = 1) and high n (n ≥ 4) quasi‐2D RP phases and is an effective strategy in blue‐shifting sky‐blue RP perovskites into the sub‐470 nm region. With optimization of the PDA concentration and device layers, it is achieved an external quantum efficiency of 1.5% at 469 nm and stable electroluminescence for the first deep blue PeLED to be reported using DJ perovskites.
Oxygen‐Saturated Strong Metal‐Support Interactions Triggered by Water on Titania Supported Catalysts
Authors: Wang Hai , Dong Xue , Hui Yu , Niu Yiming , Zhang Bingsen , Liu Lujie , Cao Ji , Yabushita Mizuho , Nakagawa Yoshinao , Tomishige Keiichi , Qin Yucai , Song Lijuan , Xiao Jianping , Wang Liang , Xiao Feng‐Shou
Published: June 2023

Strong metal‐support interaction (SMSI) greatly improves the performances of various supported metal nanoparticle catalysts. Classical SMSI relies on the oxide species with substoichiometric oxygen concentration, which prefers to retreat off in humid and oxidative atmospheres. A SMSI is reported with oxygen‐saturated overlayers on Au/TiO2catalyst achieved by steaming treatment, an opposite condition to the classical SMSI formation. Through a combination of experimental and theoretical methods, this study demonstrates that the strong interactions between the TiOxHy(x≥2) species and Au surface cause the support migration to encapsulate Au nanoparticles. The oxygen‐saturated oxide overlayers are stable in oxidative, reductive, and humid atmospheres, providing great vitality to stabilize metal nanoparticle catalysts under varied and complex reaction conditions to outperform the classical SMSI.
Macro‐Sized All‐Graphene 3D Structures via Layer‐by‐Layer Covalent Growth for Micro‐to‐Macro Inheritable Electrical Performances
Authors: Song Yanping , Li Nian , Han Shuai , Zhang Shudong , Chen Liqing , Li Zhao , Yu Xinling , Liu Cui , Xi Min , Wu Ge , Wang Wenbo , Wang Zhenyang
Published: June 2023

Creating 3D‐engineered macroscopic architectures while inheriting the superior properties of individual building blocks remains one of the fundamental challenges in nanotechnology. Stable covalent interconnection between micro/nanoblocks is a desired but underexplored strategy to meet the challenges, rather than current dependently‐used weak physical forces or organic cross‐linking, which disrupts the continuity of chemical composition and electrical properties. Herein, a novel layer‐by‐layer covalent growth protocol is developed to construct all‐graphene macrostructures (AGM) with micro‐to‐macro inheritable electrical properties by laser‐assisted covalent linkage of polyethersulfone‐derived 3D porous graphene microblocks without introducing any catalysts, templates, and additives. Creatively, along with graphene generation and inter‐layer bonding, a quality optimization process is integrated into one‐step laser irradiation, which is unique and efficient for synthesizing high‐crystalline graphene. With the covalently nondestructive bridge and free of non‐graphene foreign phase impurities, AGM shows unprecedented electrical conductivity, especially a more than 100‐fold improvement in cross‐layer conductivity compared with non‐covalent assembly. Furthermore, the covalent growth mechanism of AGM is clarified by molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, the application efficacy of AGM with enhanced isotropic conductivity is verified by using it as a supercapacitor electrode. This methodology enables the as‐obtained AGM to possess the potential for high‐performance‐pursuing, multi‐disciplinary, or large‐scale applications.
Modulating Backbone Conjugation of Polymeric Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for High‐Efficiency Blue OLEDs
Authors: Tong Xingwen , Zhao Zhennan , Hua Lei , Zhang Yuzhuo , Xu Bowei , Liu Yuchao , Yan Shouke , Ren Zhongjie
Published: June 2023

Blue conjugated polymers‐based OLEDs with both high efficiency and low efficiency roll‐off are under big challenge. Herein, a strategy of local conjugation is proposed to construct high‐efficiency blue‐emitting conjugated polymers, in which the conjugation degree of polymeric backbones is adjusted by inserting different spacers. In this way, the energy level of triplet state and the energy transfer direction of the polymeric main‐chains can be effectively regulated. Benefiting from such fine regulation, the prepared alternative copolymers Alt‐PB36 with local conjugated main‐chains can better suppress the accumulation of long‐lived triplet excitons comparing with the complete conjugated polymers. The higher PLQY of Alt‐PB36 also verifies the effective energy transfer from the polymeric main‐chains to the TADF units. Accordingly, Alt‐PB36 based solution‐processed OLEDs achieve an EQEmax of 11.6% and a very low efficiency roll‐off of 2.8% at 100 cd m−2 and 15.2% at 500 cd m−2. This result represents the best efficiency among blue light‐emitting conjugated polymer‐based OLEDs so far under high luminance.
Plasmonic‐Enhanced NIR‐II Downconversion Fluorescence beyond 1500 nm from Core–Shell–Shell Lanthanide Nanoparticles
Authors: Xu Jiamin , Fu Ming , Ji Chengyu , Centeno Anthony , Kim Dong Kuk , Evers Koen , Heutz Sandrine E. M. , Oulton Rupert , Ryan Mary P. , Xie Fang
Published: June 2023

This paper reports on the light amplification of NaGdF4:Yb,Er,Ce@NaGdF4:Yb,Nd@NaGdF4 core–shell–shell downconversion nanoparticles (CSS‐DCNPs) in the near‐infrared second biological window (NIR‐II: 1000–1700 nm) by plasmonic nanostructures. Through a precisely controlled plasmonic metallic nanostructure, fluorescence from Yb3+ induced 1000 nm emission, Nd3+ induced 1060 nm emission, and Er3+ induced 1527 nm emission are enhanced 1.6‐fold, 1.7‐fold, and 2.2‐fold, respectively, under an 808 nm laser excitation for the CSS‐DCNPs coupled with a gold hole‐cap nanoarray (Au‐HCNA), while the Er3+ induced 1527 nm emission under a 980 nm laser excitation is enhanced up to 6‐fold. To gain insight into the enhancement mechanism, the plasmonic modulation of Er3+ induced NIR‐II emission at 1550 nm under 980 nm excitation is studied by FDTD simulation and lifetime measurements, showing the observed fluorescence enhancement can be attributed to a combination of enhanced excitation and an increased radiative decay rate.
Chemoselective Nitro Reduction Using Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon‐Encapsulated Ni Catalyst and Y‐Type Packed Bed Column for Continuous Flow Reaction
Authors: Cao Lei , Asad Abbas Syed , Hyeon Jeong Seo , Seo Dongho , Min Nam Ki , Kyoon Park Jin
Published: June 2023

Selective reduction of nitro‐containing arenes and heteroarenes was achieved in 5 minutes at room temperature utilizing inexpensive NaBH4 as a hydrogen source and a newly developed Ni@N−C catalyst, obtained via a simple carbon coating process without the need for an external carbon source. A wide variety of nitro derivatives, including pharmaceutical molecules, was successfully reduced to the corresponding amines in yields ranging from 45% to 99% using the Ni@N−C catalyst under general batch conditions. The reactivity and selectivity of the nitro reduction were further enhanced by a continuous flow reaction system, especially when a newly designed Y‐type column was used, and the Osimertinib intermediate was produced on gram scale after 24 hours without any nickel metal contamination or silica gel chromatography purification.
Electrolyte‐Mediated Misconception of Carbon‐Based Electrode Performance and Beyond in Metal‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Yuqi , Cao Zhen , Wahyudi Wandi , Ma Zheng , Liang Yao , Cavallo Luigi , Li Qian , Ming Jun
Published: June 2023

A half‐cell that is composed of electrode and metal (e.g., lithium) is the most classical model for examining electrode performance in battery community, by which the voltage versus capacity profile is the important indicator. However, it is found that these results are not all reliable, as a misconception of electrode performance can be caused once the electrolyte is chemically unstable. As a paradigm, it is demonstrated that the diethyl carbonate (DEC) solvent can chemically react with lithium metal to form insoluble and soluble by‐products, which can accumulate on the lithium anode to influence the lithium potential and/or migrate to the counter electrode to proceed with the uncompleted electrochemical reactions. The resultant voltage‐capacity profile cannot reflect the actual electrode performance, such as the lithium storing capability within the graphite. The reason for this phenomenon is elucidated based on solvation chemistry, particularly the mechanism of mitigating it by introducing ethylene carbonatesolvent to form new hydrogen bonds. The viewpoint is further verified by employing the full cell and also extended in sodium and potassium batteries. This study shows the necessity of discerning the reliability of electrode performance and also sheds light on the importance of designing a compatible electrolyte to examine electrode performance.
Further validation of craniosynostosis as a part of phenotypic spectrum of BCL11B‐related BAFopathy
Authors: Pande Shruti , Mascarenhas Selinda , Venkatraman Aishwarya , Bhat Vivekananda , Narayanan Dhanya Lakshmi , Siddiqui Shahyan , Bielas Stephanie , Girisha Katta Mohan , Shukla Anju
Published: June 2023

Heterozygous disease‐causing variants in BCL11B are the basis of a rare neurodevelopmental syndrome with craniofacial and immunological involvement. Isolated craniosynostosis, without systemic or immunological findings, has been reported in one of the 17 individuals reported with this disorder till date. We report three additional individuals harboring de novo heterozygous frameshift variants, all lying in the exon 4 of BCL11B. All three individuals presented with the common findings of this disorder i.e. developmental delay, recurrent infections with immunologic abnormalities and facial dysmorphism. Notably, craniosynostosis of variable degree was seen in all three individuals. We, thus add to the evolving genotypes and phenotypes of BCL11B‐related BAFopathy and also review the clinical, genomic spectrum along with the underlying disease mechanisms of this disorder.
Transition Metal Catalysis in Living Cells: Progress, Challenges, and Novel Supramolecular Solutions
Authors: James Catriona C. , de Bruin Bas , Reek Joost N. H.
Published: June 2023

The importance of transition metal catalysis is exemplified by its wide range of applications, for example in the synthesis of chemicals, natural products, and pharmaceuticals. However, one relatively new application is for carrying out new‐to‐nature reactions inside living cells. The complex environment of a living cell is not welcoming to transition metal catalysts, as a diverse range of biological components have the potential to inhibit or deactivate the catalyst. Here we review the current progress in the field of transition metal catalysis, and evaluation of catalysis efficiency in living cells and under biological (relevant) conditions. Catalyst poisoning is a ubiquitous problem in this field, and we propose that future research into the development of physical and kinetic protection strategies may provide a route to improve the reactivity of catalysts in cells.
Direct Regioselective Dehydrogenation of α‐Substituted Cyclic Ketones
Authors: Schwengers Sebastian Armin , Gerosa Gabriela Guillermina , Amatov Tynchtyk , Yasukawa Naoki , Brunen Sebastian , Leutzsch Markus , Mitschke Benjamin , Shevchenko Grigory André , List Benjamin
Published: June 2023

We disclose a highly regioselective, catalytic one‐step dehydrogenation of α‐substituted cyclic ketones in the presence of 2,3‐dichlorobenzo‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DDQ). The high regioselectivity originates from a phosphoric acid‐catalyzed enolization, selectively affording the thermodynamically preferred enol, followed by the subsequent oxidation event. Our method provides reliable access to several α‐aryl and α‐alkyl substituted α,β‐unsaturated ketones.
Structural investigation of zinc‐based photoresists with different substituents for high‐resolution lithography
Authors: Wu Rong , Luo Ming , Liu Lifei , Liu Lei , Zhao Weizhen , Sun Wen‐Hua
Published: June 2023

The fineness of the photolithographic pattern depends largely on the composition and structure of the photoresist, and different structures endow metal‐based photoresists with different photon‐absorbing capabilities. Here, we synthesized zinc‐based photoresists with different electron‐effect substituents (amine and bromine) in the ligands and investigated the influence of the ligand groups on the sensitivity and resolution at deep ultraviolet and electron beam. The developed resist patterns exhibit that the sensitivity of the Zn‐based photoresists containing bromine groups (Zn‐PBBA) is nearly seven times higher than the Zn‐based photoresists containing amine groups (Zn‐PABA) at the same resolution under ultraviolet irradiation, which is supported by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations where a smaller HOMO–LUMO gap for Zn‐PBBA is obtained. Analogously, the Zn‐PBBA also showed better sensitivity and resolution than Zn‐PABA at EBL, with a resolution of 70 nm at a dose of 800 mJ cm−2 by characterization with AFM. This work provides an understanding of the efficient structural design of photoresists and future guidance for the development of better‐performing materials.
Particle interaction strengths modified by magnetic fields
Authors: Piccinelli Gabriella , Sánchez Angel , Jaber‐Urquiza Jorge
Published: June 2023

Magnetic fields are everywhere in the Universe and in our everyday life and many processes are affected by their presence, generating a rich phenomenology that depends also on other possible external agents. We review here some results, both from our workgroup and from other research groups, about the effect of magnetic fields on particles interaction processes, focusing mainly on recent results, but without losing sight on early seminal works on this topic. A vast assortment of physical situations and of analytical and numerical approaches can be found in the literature in this subject, making the comparison between them not straightforward. Our aim is to focus attention on differences and similarities between the different situations and approaches, looking for a systematization scheme that could be predictive, once the role played by each physical ingredient could be understood. The main purpose of this work is to find some physical explanations of the ongoing processes.
The current status and trends of DNA extraction
Authors: Ye Xiaojun , Lei Bo
Published: June 2023

DNA extraction, playing an irreplaceable role in molecular biology as it is an essential step prior to various downstream biological analyses. Thus, the accuracy and reliability of downstream research outcomes depend largely on upstream DNA extraction methodology. However, with the advancement of downstream DNA detection techniques, the development of corresponding DNA extraction methods is lagging behind. The most innovative DNA extraction techniques are silica‐ or magnetic‐based. Recent studies have demonstrated that plant fiber‐based adsorbents (PF‐BAs) have stronger DNA capturing ability than classic materials. Moreover, magnetic ionic liquid (MIL)‐based DNA extraction has gathered attention lately, and extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA), cell‐free DNA (cfDNA), and microbial community DNA are current research hotspots. These require specific extraction methods, along with constant improvements in the way they are used. This review discusses the significance as well as the direction of innovation of DNA extraction methods to try to provide valuable references including current status and trends for DNA extraction.
SUMO2/3 promotes the progression and oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancer through facilitating the SUMOylation at Ku80‐K307
Authors: Feng Dan , He Jinsong , Yuan Min , Chen Qing , Zeng Xi , Zhou Qilin , Wu Jian , Han Bin
Published: June 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and is typically treated with the FOLFOX regimen (folinic acid, 5‐fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin). However, oxaliplatin resistance remains a serious clinical problem. In the present study, we found that SUMO2/3 was overexpressed in CRC tissues and exogenous overexpression of SUMO2/3 promoted CRC cell proliferation, extension, and invasion and positively regulated the cell cycle. In contrast, SUMO2/3 gene knockdowns inhibited migration and repressed cell viability in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found that SUMO2/3 was recruited to the cell nucleus and suppressed oxaliplatin‐induced apoptosis of CRC cells. Moreover, Ku80, a DNA‐binding protein essential for the repair of DNA double‐strand breaks, was confirmed to bind with SUMO2/3. Notably, Ku80 undergoes SUMOylation at K307 by SUMO2/3 and this correlated with apoptosis in CRC cells suffering oxaliplatin stress. Collectively, we found that SUMO2/3 plays a specific role in CRC tumorigenesis and acts through Ku80 SUMOylation which is linked with the development of CRC‐oxaliplatin resistance.
The relationship between corporate environmental, social, governance issues and corporate sustainability in the financial sector: A managerial perspective
Authors: Sideri Labrini
Published: June 2023

This paper investigates whether Hellenic financial institutions' commitment on environmental social and governance (ESG) issues has any relation with financial institutions' corporate sustainability. As a contribution to previous literature, the moderating role of managers' perception in the conceptual model is explored. A survey has been conducted to obtain data about the association of ESG commitment with sustainability literacy, sustainability reporting credibility, SDGs awareness, sustainability, and financial performance. Top managers from Greek financial institutions were reviewed via an online questionnaire, during the third wave of the pandemic. The results of inductive analysis provide evidence that the sample displays good reliability and internal consistency. Particularly, dichotomous variables demonstrate internal contingency, whereas liker‐scaled variables exhibit significant correlation. It seems that sustainable development and SDGs awareness are positively correlated with ESG commitment according, while business commitment to environmental issues is inversely proportional to the negative economic impact of the pandemic to corporate sustainability performance. Eventually, it turns out that ESG commitment does affect corporate sustainability on the areas of sustainability reporting credibility, SDGs awareness, sustainability, and financial performance.
Circular economy business models as pillars of sustainability: Where are we now, and where are we heading?
Authors: Hina Maryam , Chauhan Chetna , Sharma Rajat , Dhir Amandeep
Published: June 2023

The prior literature has discussed the benefits of the circular economy business model (CEBM) while working to streamline the environmental aspect, touching upon the social aspect and improving the economic aspect. These aspects have been widely recognised as pillars of sustainability. Thus, prior scholars have sought to identify the relationship between the CEBM and sustainability. However, the extant literature, which remains relatively nascent, has failed to clarify this linkage for each pillar of sustainability. To address this lacuna, we followed a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to determine the current state of research on the CEBM and sustainability. Our study identifies and presents the thematic foci in the prior literature, which highlight the linkages between the CEBM and the pillars of sustainability. These thematic foci include the CEBM and sustainability, the CEBM and the environmental dimension, the CEBM and the social dimension and the CEBM and the economic dimension. In addition, this SLR recognises various research gaps within each theme and offers actionable avenues for future research. We also propose a conceptual framework, rooted in social capital theory (SCT), that highlights the linkages between the CEBM and sustainability. Our findings reveal that research at the intersection of the CEBM and sustainability considers the CEBM an integral component of sustainability. We conclude by presenting our work's theoretical and practical implications, which can assist scholars and organisations to incorporate the pillars of sustainability within their CEBMs.
2D QSAR, Design, and in Silico Analysis of Thiophene‐Tethered Lactam Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Natarajan Ramalakshmi , Sivaperuman Amuthalakshmi , Samuel Abiseik , Patel Dinesh Hansaram , Jain Nikhil , Veerappan Manigandan , Kumar Nikhil Kushal
Published: June 2023

Background: A very high rate of resistance causes health‐care‐associated and community‐acquired infections. E. coli is one of the nine pathogens of highest concern to most of the antibiotics and other class of antimicrobials. Objective: The objective of the present study is to develop novel thiophene derivatives using 2D QSAR and in silico approach for E. coli resistance. Methods: Substituted thiophene series reported by Nishu Singla et al., were taken for QSAR analysis. From the results, a set of 15 new compounds were designed. A complete in silico analysis has been done using PADEL, Autodock vina, Swiss ADME, Protox II software. Results: The designed compounds obey the Lipinski's rule of five and were known to have excellent inhibitory action (pIC50 values −0.87 to −1.46) which is similar to the most active compound of the data set (pIC50 −0.69) taken for the study. The bioavailability score (0.65) with no toxicity representing that the designed compounds are suitable for oral administration. Conclusion: The designed compounds are inactive for mutagenicity and cytotoxicity and ADMET studies states that these molecules are likely to be orally bioavailable and could be easily transported, diffused, and absorbed. So, the designed compounds will definitely serve as a lead antibacterial agent for E. coli resistance.
Promiscuous Enzymes for Residue‐Specific Peptide and Protein Late‐Stage Functionalization
Authors: Alexander Ashley K. , Elshahawi Sherif I.
Published: June 2023

The late‐stage functionalization of peptides and proteins holds significant promise for drug discovery and facilitates bioorthogonal chemistry. This selective functionalization leads to innovative advances in in vitro and in vivo biological research. However, it is a challenging endeavor to selectively target a certain amino acid or position in the presence of other residues containing reactive groups. Biocatalysis has emerged as a powerful tool for selective, efficient, and economical modifications of molecules. Enzymes that have the ability to modify multiple complex substrates or selectively install nonnative handles have wide applications. Herein, we highlight enzymes with broad substrate tolerance that have been demonstrated to modify a specific amino acid residue in simple or complex peptides and/or proteins at late‐stage. The different substrates accepted by these enzymes are mentioned together with the reported downstream bioorthogonal reactions that have benefited from the enzymatic selective modifications.
Construction of Octahydro‐4H‐cyclopenta[b]pyridin‐6‐one Skeletons using Pot, Atom, and Step Economy (PASE) Synthesis
Authors: Raju Silver , Ghosh Palash , Nayani Kiranmai , Prashanth Jupally , Sridhar Balasubramanian , Mainkar Prathama S. , Chandrasekhar Srivari
Published: June 2023

Cascade aza‐Piancatelli reaction and [3+3]/[4+2] cycloaddition reactions are carried out using the ideality principles of pot, atom, and step economy (PASE) synthesis. The reaction resulted in generation of octahydro‐4H‐cyclopenta[b]pyridin‐6‐one scaffolds. Moreover, octahydro‐5,7a‐epoxycyclopenta[cd]isoindol‐4‐one frameworks of gracilamine alkaloid and a novel decahydro‐1H‐dicyclopenta[cd,hi]isoindol‐6‐one were also realized in good yields with excellent regio‐ and diastereo‐selectivities.
2‐Benzamide Tellurenyl Iodides: Synthesis and Their Catalytic Role in CO2 Mitigation
Authors: Jain Saket , Batabyal Monojit , Thorat Raviraj Ananda , Choudhary Pratibha , Jha Raushan Kumar , Kumar Sangit
Published: June 2023

Benzamide‐derived organochalcogens (chalcogen=S, Se, and Te) have shown promising interest in biological and synthetic chemistry. Ebselen molecule derived from benzamide moiety is the most studied organoselenium. However, its heavier congener organotellurium is under‐explored. Here, an efficient copper‐catalyzed atom economical synthetic method has been developed to synthesize 2‐phenyl‐benzamide tellurenyl iodides by inserting a tellurium atom into carbon‐iodine bond of 2‐iodobenzamides in one pot with 78–95 % yields. Further, the Lewis acidic nature of Te center and Lewis basic nature of nitrogen of the synthesized 2‐Iodo‐N‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)benzamide tellurenyl iodides enabled them as pre‐catalyst for the activation of epoxide with CO2 at 1 atm for the preparation of cyclic carbonates with TOF and TON values of 1447 h−1 and 4343, respectively, under solvent‐free conditions. In addition, 2‐iodo‐N‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)benzamide tellurenyl iodides have also been used as pre‐catalyst for activating anilines and CO2 to form a variety of 1,3‐diaryl ureas up to 95 % yield. The mechanistic investigation for CO2 mitigation is done by 125Te NMR and HRMS studies. It seems that the reaction proceeds via formation of catalytically active Te−N heterocycle, an ebtellur intermediate which is isolated and structurally characterized.
Effect of kerosene aromaticity as a solvent on bulk and interfacial properties of Brazilian heavy crude oil with high asphaltene content
Authors: Daza‐Barranco Lina M. , Duncke Angela C. P. , de Souza Mendes Paulo R. , Alvarado José G. , Pérez‐Gramatges Aurora
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the effect of solvent aromaticity on asphaltene stability and interfacial behaviour using typical diluted heavy oils, which better represent the chemical diversity of petroleum components than previous studies that used simple solvent mixtures with low asphaltene concentrations. A Brazilian crude with high viscosity and asphaltene content was diluted with two kerosenes, one containing only saturated compounds (KeS), and the other a saturates/aromatics mixture (KeSA) to maintain total aromaticity in the oil mixture upon dilution. Viscosity, asphaltene stability, interfacial tension, and elasticity of the oil mixtures were measured, and correlated with emulsion stability, regarding the differences in solvent aromaticity and aromatics/saturates ratio. The results showed that the different kerosene compositions affected bulk viscosity and asphaltene flocculation, but had a lesser effect on oil/brine interfacial tension due to the high asphaltene content in the diluted oil. The elastic modulus decreased at higher dilutions with KeS, while it remained consistent for KeSA mixtures, which supported the differences obtained in emulsion stability, at solvent concentrations within the optimal aromaticity ratio reported for simple solvent mixtures. Interfacial segregation of the aromatics in KeSA was also observed, which has not been reported in previous studies using complex solvents. These findings suggest that the trends reported with model oils, such as heptol with added asphaltenes, can also be applied to more realistic complex oil mixtures with higher asphaltene concentrations. Nevertheless, it was suggested that maintaining the aromatic content may not be enough to prevent asphaltene flocculation upon dilution, due to the concurrent increase in saturates.
Mechanistic Applications of Nonlinear Effects in First‐Row Transition‐Metal Catalytic Systems
Authors: Zhu Xiaotao , Li Yajun , Bao Hongli
Published: June 2023

Comprehensive Summary

Knowledge of asymmetric catalytic reaction mechanism is very important for rational design and synthesis of new chiral catalysts or catalytic systems with high catalytic activity and stereoselectivity. The studies of nonlinear effect have attracted wide attentions as a simple and practical mechanistic tool to probe complex asymmetric catalytic reactions. This review documents the application of the study of nonlinear effects on how to reveal the mechanism in asymmetric catalytic reactions that were catalyzed by the first‐row transition‐metals in the last decade and gives a brief discussion on the different models of nonlinear effect.
Gynura Cusimba‐Derived Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Dots/ZnO Nanocomposite: A Biocompatible Alternative for Detecting Latent Fingerprints
Authors: Upadhyay Phalguni , Raghavan Akshaya , Ayyappan Shanmuganathan Mohanraj Alias , Radhakrishnan Mydhili , Chakravarty Sumana , Ghosh Sutapa
Published: June 2023

To address the present need in forensic security perceptions, including the ability to detect latent fingerprints, designing and development of low‐cost fluorescent materials becomes inevitable. This work illustrates the preparation of ZnO and its nanocomposite, Zn−CD with nitrogen doped carbon dots (CD−GC) with all components being generated from a single natural precursor, “Gynura Cusimba”. Cell viability experiment carried out on HEK 293T cell line revealed that CD−GC, pure ZnO nanoparticles, and Zn−CD_0.8 were all biocompatible after being suitably evaluated by various analytical methods. Zn−CD_0.8 nanopowder was useful in detecting level 1–3 features of latent fingerprint developed on several substrates, which displayed good contrast and visibility. The work also highlights the application of Zn−CD_0.8 nanopowder for real time detection of latent fingerprints by demonstrating its use to identify aged fingerprints and those immersed in water. The results indicate that the potential of Zn−CD_0.8 to be a reasonably priced alternative to the existing commercial powders.
FMap: A fuzzy map for scheduling elephant flows throughjumping traveling salesman problemvariant towardsoftware‐defined networking‐baseddata center networks
Authors: Abdollahi Sahar , Asadi Hamid , Montazerolghaem Ahmadreza , Mazinani Sayyed Majid
Published: June 2023

Nowadays data center networks (DCNs) should handle the ever‐growing load generated by diverse applications. It particularly occurs under concurrent flow requests and so‐called mice flows (MFs): elephant flows (EFs) ratio. Concentrating on a binary vision over flow size classification (EF or MF) results in subsequent unpredicted load imbalance due to neglecting EF's distinctions including a wide range of sizes. As a result, some EFs might utilize a path owing qualities beyond the given EF's demands, while another EF with higher requirements is attending to use an over‐utilized path. This article proposes FMap, a fuzzy map for scheduling EFs through our proposed variant of traveling salesperson problem (TSP) toward DCNs. FMap represents a novel EF scheduling scheme that integrates flow prioritization and routing decisions under the event pf parallel incoming flows besides the cooperation of the controller and OpenFlow switches in software‐defined networking (SDN) paradigm. FMap adopts fuzzy inference process to overcome the vagueness over EF's resource allocation. Mainly, FMap proposes a new variant of TSP (optimized by genetic algorithm) which enables EF's group forwarding with a minimum cost. FMap reduces the total hop count of EFs through considering a single optimal path for delivering groups of EFs that contain a same tag (priority). The outstanding results represent a major improvement as compared with equal cost multiple path, Hedera, Sonoum, and Size‐KP‐PSO. Particularly, the results illustrate an outperforming by 3.76×, 0.21×, 0.15×, 0.03×, and 0.03× in terms of total hop count, EFs FCT, packet loss, goodput, and received packets as compared with Size‐KP‐PSO, respectively.
Validity and reliability of the COVID‐19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale in Canadian dentists
Authors: Seth Rachita , Madathil Sreenath A. , Siqueira Walter L. , McNally Mary , Quiñonez Carlos R. , Glogauer Michael , Allison Paul J.
Published: June 2023

Background

The COVID‐19 pandemic has resulted in a high level of mental health problems for the population worldwide including healthcare workers. Several studies have assessed these using measurements for anxiety for general populations. The COVID‐19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C‐19ASS) is a self‐report measure developed to assess maladaptive forms of coping with COVID‐19 (avoidance, threat monitoring and worry) among a general adult population in the United States. We used it in a prospective cohort study of COVID‐19 incidence rates in practising Canadian dentists. We therefore need to ensure that it is valid for dentists in French and English languages. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the C‐19ASS in that population.

Methods

Cross‐sectional data from the January 2021 monthly follow‐up in our prospective cohort study were used. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed.

Results

The results of EFA revealed a 2‐factor structure solution that explained 47% of the total variance. The CFA showed a good model fit on the data in both English and French languages. The Cronbach's alpha indicated acceptable levels of reliability. Furthermore, the C‐19ASS showed excellent divergent validity from the Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7) scale.

Conclusions

The C‐19ASS is valid and reliable instrument to measure COVID‐19‐related anxiety in English and French among Canadian dentists.

Practical implications

This validated measure will contribute to understanding of the mental health impact of the pandemic on dentists in Canada and enable the dental regulatory authorities and organizations to intervene to help dentists.
Atomic‐level investigation on significance of photoreduced Pt nanoparticles over g‐C3N4/bimetallic oxide composites
Authors: Shenoy Sulakshana , Chuaicham Chitiphon , Sekar Karthikeyan , Sasaki Keiko
Published: June 2023

Designing an effective photocatalyst for solar‐to‐chemical fuel conversion presents significant challenges. Herein, g‐C3N4 nanotubes/CuCo2O4 (CN‐NT‐CCO) composites decorated with platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) were successfully synthesized by chemical and photochemical reductions. The size distribution and location of Pt NPs on the surface of CN‐NT‐CCO composites were directly observed by TEM. Extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra of Pt L3‐edge for the above composite confirmed establishment of Pt−N bonds at an atomic distance of 2.09 Å in the photoreduced Pt‐bearing composite, which was shorter than in chemically reduced Pt‐bearing composites. This proved the stronger interaction of photoreduced Pt NPs with the CN‐NT‐CCO composite than chemical reduced one. The H2 evolution performance of the photoreduced (PR) Pt@CN‐NT‐CCO (2079 μmol h−1 g−1) was greater than that of the chemically reduced (CR) Pt@CN‐NT‐CCO composite (1481 μmol h−1 g−1). The abundance of catalytically active sites and transfer of electrons from CN‐NT to the Pt NPs to participate in the hydrogen evolution are the primary reasons for the improved performance. Furthermore, electrochemical investigations and band edge locations validated the presence of a Z‐scheme heterojunction at the Pt@CN‐NT‐CCO interface. This work offers unique perspectives on the structure and interface design at the atomic level to fabricate high‐performance heterojunction photocatalysts.
Loss of LncRNA DUXAP8 synergistically enhanced sorafenib induced ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma via SLC7A11 de‐palmitoylation
Authors: Shi Zhehao , Li Zhiming , Jin Bin , Ye Wen , Wang Luhui , Zhang Sina , Zheng Jiuyi , Lin Zixia , Chen Bo , Liu Fangting , Zhang Baofu , Ding Xiwei , Yang Zhen , Shan Yunfeng , Yu Zhengping , Wang Yi , Chen Jicai , Chen Qiang , Roberts Lewis R. , Chen Gang
Published: June 2023

Background

Ferroptosis is an important iron‐dependent form of cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib, a potent ferroptosis inducer, is used to treat advanced HCC but its efficacy is limited by the development of drug resistance.

Methods

The effects of DUXAP8 expression on HCC progression were evaluated by TCGA database, Kaplan‐Meier analysis, and in situ hybridization analysis. Sorafenib resistant HCC cell lines were modeled in vitro to study the regulation of DUXAP8 on ferroptosis in HCC induced by sorafenib. We used RNA pull‐down, immunofluorescence assays, acyl‐biotinyl exchange assay and mass spectrometry analysis to assess the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis regulation by DUXAP8. Syngeneic subcutaneous and orthotopic CDX models were used to assess whether DUXAP8 inhibition improves HCC in vivo.

Results

LncRNA DUXAP8, which is highly expressed in liver cancer and associated with poor prognosis, contributes to sorafenib resistance through suppression of ferroptosis. In vitro tests revealed that DUXAP8 reduced the sensitivity of HCC to sorafenib‐induced ferroptosis by acting on SLC7A11, a subunit of the amino acid antiporter system xc‐. DUXAP8 facilitates SLC7A11 palmitoylation and impedes its lysosomal degradation, thereby enhancing SLC7A11 action and suppressing ferroptosis. RNA pull‐down and immunofluorescence assays confirmed that DUXAP8 decreased membrane translocation and promoted sorting of de‐palmitoylated SLC7A11 to lysosomes by binding of DUXAP8 to SLC7A11. In addition, mass spectrometric analysis found that the Cys414 residue of SLC7A11 might be the predominant mutant site responsible for molecular masking of SLC7A11 lysosomal sorting. Further, the antitumor effect of DUXAP8 knockdown was verified in orthotopic and subcutaneous CDX models.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that a novel translational strategy combining sorafenib with DUXAP8 silencing to overcome drug resistance may improve treatment efficacy in patients with advanced HCC.
Verbal Working Memory‐Balance program training alters the left fusiform gyrus resting‐state functional connectivity: A randomized clinical trial study on children with dyslexia
Authors: Ramezani Mehdi , Behzadipour Saeed , Fawcett Angela J. , Joghataei Mohammad Taghi
Published: June 2023

Sufficient activation of the left fusiform gyrus is important in reading ability acquisition due to its role in reading and naming, working memory (WM), and balance tasks. Recently, a newly‐designed training program, Verbal Working Memory‐Balance (VWM‐B), has been evaluated on children with dyslexia, and its positive effects were shown on reading ability, WM capacity, and postural control. In the present study, we aimed to estimate the functional connectivity alterations of the left fusiform gyrus following training by the VWM‐B. Before and after 15 sessions of training, the fMRI and other tools data were collected on a sample of children with dyslexia, who were allocated into two control and experiment groups. Data analyses showed the increased functional connectivity of the left fusiform gyrus between the left anterior temporal fusiform cortex, left and right Crus II regions of the cerebellum, and the left middle frontal gyrus. Moreover, VWM‐B training significantly improved the reading and naming ability, WM capacity, and postural control of participants in the experiment group in comparison to the control. The current study findings emphasize the critical role of the left fusiform gyrus in reading ability. Moreover, it provides evidence to support the existence of cerebellar deficits in dyslexia.
Transitioning intravenous epoprostenol to oral selexipag in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: a case report
Authors: Alexandre André , Furtado Inês , Carvalho Luísa , Gonçalves Fabienne , Melo Alzira , Alves Joana , Santos Mário , Reis Abílio
Published: June 2023

Intravenous (i.v.) prostacyclin is the cornerstone treatment in high‐risk pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. Selexipag is an orally available prostacyclin receptor agonist. Limited data are available regarding the feasibility of transitioning from i.v. epoprostenol to selexipag. A 50‐year‐old woman with idiopathic PAH was diagnosed in a World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Class (FC) IV. She improved with upfront triple combination therapy, including i.v. epoprostenol. Over 2 years of follow‐up, the patient remained at low risk and expressed strong preference towards oral therapies. After careful risk–benefit clinical consideration, she was transitioned from i.v. epoprostenol to selexipag. Selexipag was started at dosage of 200 μg twice daily (b.i.d.) and titrated up to 1600 μg b.i.d. over 8 weeks (up‐titration of 200 μg b.i.d. every week). Simultaneously, i.v. epoprostenol was down‐titrated 3.0 ng/kg/min every week from a dosage of 27.5 ng/kg/min. The transition occurred under strict medical surveillance and was well tolerated. One year after discontinuation of epoprostenol, the patient remains in WHO FC I and has no signs of clinical deterioration. Although not generalizable to most PAH patients, this case highlights that a carefully planned transition from epoprostenol to selexipag is feasible in selected low‐risk patients within a shared medical decision‐making framework.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Singlet Oxygen Sensitization by Antimony (III/V) Corrole Complexes
Authors: Mondal Sruti , Pain Tanmoy , Villa Marco , Angeloni Sara , Tarai Arup , Ceroni Paola , Kar Sanjib
Published: June 2023

The synthesis, structural, spectroscopic characterization, and DFT/TD‐DFT calculations of antimony corroles are reported herein. The studied complexes can be described as [(Corr)SbIII] and [(Corr)(oxo)SbV]2, where Corr is the trianion of corrole. All these complexes are diamagnetic in nature as is evident from sharp peaks with normal chemical shifts in the 1H NMR spectra. Single crystal XRD analysis reveals that the antimony(V) corrole complex is the bis‐μ‐oxo‐bridged dinuclear antimony(V). Both the tetra and hexa‐coordinated [(Corr)SbIII] and [(Corr)(oxo)SbV]2 antimony complexes adopt domed‐structure with weak d‐π electron coupling. The Sb−O bond distances in the co‐facial dimer of [(Corr)(oxo)SbV]2 are 1.9802(16) Å (DFT: 2.0141 Å) (for Sb1−O1), and 1.9639(17) Å (DFT: 1.9957 Å) (for Sb2−O2) respectively. We observed that even though iodosobenzene is frequently used to oxidize [(Corr)SbIII] species, the oxidation of [(Corr)SbIII] is indeed very facile in nature and it even occurred in the air‐equilibrated CHCl3 solution while storing for few days. Excitation of these antimony (III/V) corrole complexes in DCM/MeOH (1 : 1) at 77 K results in red emission with maxima at 640–720 nm. The singlet oxygen production of [(Corr)(oxo)SbV]2 has a quantum yield of 69 % and is two times higher than the analogous [(Corr)SbIII] derivatives.
Study on mixing characteristics of multichamber static mixer
Authors: Shi Hongwei , Liu Ziqiang
Published: June 2023

This study presents a specialized mixer design for gas burners aimed at improving the efficiency of phase mixing while minimizing system resistance and energy consumption. The proposed design utilizes a multi‐cavity mixer employing both radial and axial mixing techniques, eliminating the need for additional power supply. Full premixed combustion of small gas‐fired industrial boiler has the function of “inhibiting” NOx emission from the source, and good mixing of fuel and combustion supporting air in the early stage is the primary prerequisite for realizing full premixed combustion denitration. In this article, a radial multichamber static mixer is designed following the characteristics of full premixed mixing in gas‐fired industrial boilers. The results demonstrate that the maximum pressure drop of the static mixer is 806 Pa; for gas and air branch pipes, the resistance coefficient f decreases rapidly with the increase in Reynolds number; when Re ≥ 1.2 × 103, the resistance coefficient in the air branch pipe decreases slowly; when Re ≥ 4.5 × 103, the resistance coefficient of gas branch pipe decreases slowly. Additionally, the maximum calculation error of symmetrical gas branch pipe is 9.1%. The static mixer's inlet exhibits a converted velocity of 24 m/s, and the outlet demonstrates an airflow velocity of 23.2 m/s. As a result, a kinetic energy loss of 6.5% is observed. The static mixing chamber makes the airflow rotate and causes different gases to shear and mix. The mixing channel has the function of correcting the airflow deviation, especially for the sudden expansion section. Generally, the two gases can be mixed evenly at the outlet of the mixer. The standard k‐e model and realizable k‐e model are employed to simulate the sudden expansion channel, and indicate that the standard k‐e has a wider range of influence. Further investigation is recommended to better comprehend and optimize this particular area of influence.