bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal perception and delay aversion: a videogame screening tool for the early detection of ADHD
Authors: Méndez Oehninger Andrés Hugo , Martín Ana , Pires Ana Cristina , Vázquez Alejandro , Maiche Alejandro , González Fernando , Carboni Alejandra
Published: October 2024

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral syndrome where inattention and/or hyperactivity impair social, academic or occupational function. Cognitive impairments in temporal abilities and delay aversion have been related to ADHD. The aim of this study is to design a game-like software that assesses temporal perception for the early detection of ADHD. Method: Two groups of 7 to 10 children (17 with ADHD and 17 control children) were compared on their performance on four game-like software based on Delay Aversion, Anticipation, Synchronization Tapping and Time reproduction experimental tasks. Results: All games detected significant differences between groups in accuracy or variability. The Discriminant function correctly classified 82.4% of the cases. Conclusions: Although the conversion of experimental tasks into game-like software implies a compromise between experimental rigour and screening efficiency, the use of videogames to measure cognitive processes is a potential tool for preventive healthcare.
Diferencias en el aprendizaje y derivación de relaciones arbitrarias entre jóvenes y ancianos
Authors: Cáceres Pachón María Pilar , Gómez Bujedo Jesús , Lorca Marín José Andrés
Published: October 2024

Differences in learning and derivation of arbitrary relationships between young and elderly. Equivalence Relations (ER) are typically derived after learning a series of conditional discriminations. ER have been extensively studied in children and adults, however there is less evidence available when it comes to elderly adults. The objectives of the present wok were 1) To use the Differential Outcomes Effect (DOE) to facilitate conditional discrimination learning, and 2) To compare the learning speed and the ability to derive new relations between elderly and young adults. We found no DOE, but important differences between groups arose. Elderly adults spent about twice as much as young adults to learn the conditional discrimination task (X 2 (1, N=12) = 3.490, p=.031). Also, the elderly derived almost five times less relations than the young adults (X 2 (1, n=12)) = 5.19, p = .022).We conclude that this procedure discriminates between both groups. Also, some alternative procedures are proposed to use the DOE with elderly adults.
Perfiles BASICCOS del humano compañero del perro: una revisión teórica en antrozoología guiada por el enfoque multimodal
Authors: Díaz Videla Marcos , Olarte María Alejandra , Camacho Javier Martín
Published: October 2024

Petkeeping seems to have reached unprecedented levels in recent decades. Despite its massiveness persists in our culture a trend to trivialize the bonds that human establish with other animals, or to question these as the result of a human deficit condition. This would have discouraged scientific research on human-animal bonds. The anthrozoology findings in human-dog interaction are discussed in relation to Lazarus multimodal approach. Human-dog bonds include potential benefits in all modals of human personality. We discuss about the legitimacy of its study, and stress the importance of its recognition in the scientific development.
Internet Gaming Disorder and its associated cognitions and cognitive-related impairments: A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines
Authors: Pontes Halley M. , Griffiths Mark D.
Published: October 2024

Background: Empirical research studies have highlighted the need to investigate the underlying cognitions and cognitive variables in relation to Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). However, little is known about the possible cognitive-related impairments associated with IGD. Objectives: The present paper extends previous research and uncovers additional key general cognitive-related outcomes of IGD via a systematic review of the empirical literature. Methods: The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) guidelines were adopted. Internet-based bibliographic searches were conducted via seven major electronic databases (i.e., PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Core Collection BIOSIS Citation Index, MEDLINE, SciELO Citation Index, and PubMed) to access studies examining the association between IGD and cognitive outcomes. Results: A total of 17 empirical studies meeting the inclusion criteria that investigated the relationships between IGD and cognitions and/or cognitive-related outcomes were identified. Seven distinct cognitions and another ten distinct cognitiverelated impairments associated with IGD were identified. Conclusion: The present review found empirical evidence supporting the association of IGD with particular types of cognitions and specific cognitiverelated impairments.
Predictors of video game console aggression
Authors: Bean Anthony Martin , Ferro Lauren
Published: October 2024

This study was designed to investigate the aggression levels of college students found in the Northeastern part of the United States following exposure to video games. The 59 participants played their assigned game, Mortal Kombat on Nintendo Wii or Halo 2 on the Xbox, for 45 minutes with a partner. The researchers employed twelve t-tests (alpha adjusted to .004) and three multiple linear regressions to explore the difference of aggression levels in gender, violent video game, and predictors of aggression. Results showed no aggression differences in all twelve t-tests for the three aggression variables (physical, verbal, and general) pre and post-tests for gender or violent video game played. Additionally, there was no support found suggesting the violent video games, gender, and time spent playing video games caused aggression as previously touted by past researchers. In fact, the only significance found for predicting aggression were the pre-aggression scores in all three areas of measured aggression suggesting a need for proper control of variables and that aggression may be preexisting within the individual rather than caused by violent video game play.
Relación percibida con padres y pares y su asociación con los problemas emocionales en adolescentes
Authors: Resett Santiago
Published: October 2024

Adolescence is a stage of life in which important physical, cognitive, and social transformations are generated. The present study aimed to determine whether the quality of the bonds with peers (siblings and friends) predicted depression and anxiety above and beyond the relationship with parents. To this end, a sample of 1,151 was recruited from middle schools (46% male, mean age= 14.7). Furman and Bhurmester Network of Relationship Inventory was applied to measure the quality of relationships. They also completed Rosenberg Psychosomatic Scale and Kovacs Children Depression Inventory. Data were analyzed using SPSS Program 20. Results indicated that satisfaction with the relationship with peers predicted levels of emotional problems above and beyond the parents, but the bond with parents was more significant in this respect. In the conclusion the implications of these findings are discussed.
Inicios de la investigación experimental en psicología en Córdoba en el periodo 1960- 1990
Authors: Ferrero Cecilia , Iemme Khoury Valeria , Todisco Roberto , Scherman Patricia
Published: October 2024

This paper describes aspects of the origins of a psychological research performed in two institutes in Córdoba: Medical Research Institute Mercedes and Martin Ferreyra, and CINTRA (Research and Transfer Center in Acoustics). In order to know how was the process that makes possible the entry of psychology to the fields of experimental research, an exploratory research was done, with cases study design, and the techniques used for data collection were the review of historical documents and conducting interviews with people associated to both institutes. It can be concluded that the participation of psychologists in research arises from interdisciplinary work, which allowed the initiation and subsequent consolidation of lines of research in this area.
Institucionalización y Profesionalización de la Historia de la Psicología como Especialidad en Estados Unidos: Influencias de la Historia, la Sociología y la Filosofía de la Ciencia
Authors: Fierro Catriel
Published: October 2024

From a historical-sociological model, the consolidation and professionalization of the History of Psychology is analyzed in the context of the disciplinary emergence of the History of the Behavioral Sciences in the United States. From a historical methodological perspective, the historiographical model of Edwin Boring, rooted in experimentalism, is described first. The recensions of the field made around 1960 by Robert Watson and Robert Young are then described. The major professional and institutional developments of the field are summarized, emphasizing the Summer Institutes in the History of Psychology. The weighting of these training developments reveals their centrality to both the professionalization of the field and to the incorporation of extra-disciplinary influences from historiography, sociology and philosophy of science, especially into social or sociological history of psychology. It is concluded that the professionalization was powered largely by these instances and their protagonists.
La psicofisiologia mexicana a traves del trabajo de tres investigadores: Raul Hernandez-Peon, Dionisio Nieto y Augusto Fernandez-Guardiola
Authors: Colotla Victor A
Published: October 2024

This paper provides a panoramic overview of the development of psychophysiology in Mexico, examining the life and work of three of its finest representatives, all of them deceased: Raúl Hernández-Peón (1924-1968), Dionisio Nieto (1908-1985) and Augusto Fernández-Guardiola (1921-2004). The scientific contributions of these researchers have had international impact and their numerous students have contributed to make of psychophysiology one of the most productive areas and of greater temporal and geographical impact.
Historia y epistemología de la cibernética temprana: el caso del homeostato
Authors: Venturelli Alfonso Nicolás
Published: October 2024

W. R. Ashby is known as a central figure of the mid-twentieth century cybernetics movement. Here his historical significance concerning the following development of the cognitive and behavioral sciences is assessed. Specifically, the paper focuses on the epistemological and methodological assumptions and implications behind the homeostat, a famous cybernetic device presented by Ashby during the 1952 Macy conference in order to study adaptive behavior. On the one hand, the contact points between the behavioral tradition in psychology and the theoretical and programmatic statement underlying the homeostat are considered: Over and above Ashby’s strong behaviorist roots, it will be shown how the homeostat also clearly departs from behaviorism. On the other hand, the guidelines of a solid philosophy of scientific modeling stemming from Ashby’s early contribution are highlighted.
La revista Index de Neurología y Psiquiatría. 1938-1946. Los inicios neuropsiquiátricos de Pichon-Rivière
Authors: Klappenbach Hugo Alberto
Published: October 2024

This paper begins by analyzing the role of scientific journals in shaping scientific specialties. In this context, the main characteristics of the journal Index. Revista Ibero-Americana de Análisis Bibliográficos de Neurología y Psiquiatría [Journal of Iber-American Bibliographic Analysis in Neurology and Psychiatry], better known as Index in Neurology and Psychiatry are analyzed. This Journal began to be published in Argentina in July 1938 and continued at least until July 1946. The Journal’s editor was the renowned neurologist Roque Orlando and Enrique Pichon-Rivière was Managing Editor. In the journal, Enrique Pichon-Rivière (1907-1977) wrote 78 book reviews. Both the origin of the reviewed works and the subject matter of them are analyzed. Then, a classification of those reviews in four categories is proposed, and the main characteristics of each one of them are pointed out. Finally, the paper analyzes such books reviews as a part of the early thought of Pichon-Rivière, discussing as well the thesis of the institutional isolation of Pichon Rivière. Concerning its method, the paper is a retrospective ex post facto study, in which the research was conducted in the Archives of the Library of the Medical Sciences School at Buenos Aires University.
Perfeccionismo percibido y expresión de ira en deportistas varones adolescentes: Influencia sobre la autoestima
Authors: Muñoz Villena Antonio Jesús , González Hernández Juan , Olmedilla Zafra Aurelio
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research is the analysis of the influences of dimensions such as perfectionism and expression anger on self-esteem, pillar on which personality is built. 229 athletes, male, football (N = 130) and basketball players (N = 99), aged between 13 and 17 years (M = 14.43; DS = 1.367), took part in this research. Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-NA), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) and socio-demographic questionnaires were distributed. The results of correlational analyses show how the dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism are associated with lower self-esteem; in contrast, some dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism were found. Anger feature dimension is correlated in reverse order to self-esteem. Moreover, the indicators of adaptative perfectionism –Organization and Personal Standards- associate a higher sense of self-steem; as opposed to maladaptive perfectionist tendencies. The evaluation of such variables in sports allows to design prevention programs health and/or stimulation of adaptive behaviors for team sports.
Necrología. Ernesto Pollitt Burga (1938-2016)
Authors: Caycho Tomás
Published: October 2024

In the early morning of January 5th of this year, Dr. Ernesto Pollitt Burga, one of the most important Peruvian psychologists and the one with the greatest reach and international renown throughout more than 50 years of uninterrupted studies in the field of child development, ceased to exist on the eve of his 78th birthday. His research work, his substantial academic output (expressed in research articles, books and book chapters), his human qualities and his theoretical and methodological contributions justify writing some lines of his life and work.
In Memoriam Ernesto Pollitt (1938-2016)
Authors: Arias Gallegos Walter L.
Published: October 2024

On Monday, January 4, 2016, the Peruvian psychologist Ernesto Pollitt died in Lima at the age of 77. His work and his memory, however, remain with us. Ernesto Pollitt has dedicated 40 years of his life to investigating the consequences of malnutrition on the psychological development of children in various parts of the world, including Peru. His work has opened new lines of research in the country and the world, and has promoted the implementation of various social aid programs in Peru.
Homenaje a un pionero de la psicología científica en el Perú
Authors: Caycho Tomás
Published: October 2024

A prolific researcher in many areas of psychology, whose tenacity, rigor and optimism for life are clearly observable characteristics in his work throughout his years, Reynaldo Alarcón is one of the scientists who has most influenced current Peruvian psychology (Caycho, 2013). To celebrate Dr. Alarcón's 90th birthday, David Jauregui, Ramón León and Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Rea, with the support of the Ricardo Palma University, have published a book in homage to his life and work in the field of psychological research, bringing together a series of Peruvian and foreign researchers.
Conducta pro-social en ratas
Authors: Bernal-Gamboa Rodolfo
Published: October 2024

In recent years, prosocial behavior has become an interesting topic within cognitive sciences. It was accepted that humans are the only ones with prosociality actions. However, recent experiments with rats have challenged that view. The present article reviews the experimental tasks recently developed to study prosocial behavior in rats. In addition, the present article discussed the findings of those experiments in order to assess whether empathy is the mechanism that underlies prosocial behavior in rats.
Autodiscriminación condicional del día y noche subjetivos en ratas Wistar y Sprague-Dawley
Authors: Barbachano Montero Paris , Penagos-Corzo Julio C. , Pérez Acosta Andres M.
Published: October 2024

Conditional self-discrimination is defined as a type of stimulus control in which discriminative stimulus is some aspect of the same individual, subsequently associated with an arbitrary stimulus. This capacity is neither exclusively human nor exclusively verbal. In this study, conditional self-discrimination of subjective day/night was explored in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats. For this purpose, one experiment was designed in which discriminative stimulus was the natural internal state of the organism with respect to day and night. It was found that both strains are able to discriminate subjective night but not subjective day. No significant differences were found between the strains. Results are discussed mainly in terms of the nocturnal nature of rats and the difficulty of the task.
Extracción de conocimiento con técnicas de minería de textos aplicadas a la psicología
Authors: Mariñelarena-Dondena Luciana , Errecalde Marcelo Luis , Castro Solano Alejandro
Published: October 2024

The knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) is concerned with the non-trivial process of making sense of data. Data mining is only a step in the KDD process that consists in pattern recognition using statistics and machine learning techniques. This literature review focuses on how text mining techniques can be applied in Psychology. In this context, the two main purposes of text mining techniques will be introduced: description and prediction. Finally, this paper highlights the use of text mining techniques as a psychological assessment tool, which differs from the use of standard questionnaires or scales.
Validación de una batería para evaluar el reconocimiento de emociones a través del rostro y del cuerpo utilizando estímulos dinámicos
Authors: Leiva Samanta
Published: October 2024

This paper presents validation studies of a new neuropsychological assessment battery, locally developed, designed to assess facial and body expression recognition of basic and complex emotions, with video stimuli. We analyzed item difficulty and item discrimination power of the items (Study 1), convergent validity and reliability (Study 2), and the effect of demographic variables, gender, age and educational level, on the battery tests (Study 3). Results showed that the four emotional tests of the battery had adequate psychometric properties, with appropriate difficulty and discrimination indexes, and satisfactory indicators of validity and reliability. Age and educational level affected performance in all battery tests, but there weren’t significative differences between men and women. In future works it is expected test the performance of the battery in pathological populations in order to obtain clinical validation data.
Habilidades de Internet: relación con la experiencia en Internet y la aptitud verbal
Authors: González Federico M. , Marrujo Sucno Jonathan G. , Injoque-Ricle Irene , Barreyro Juan P. , Burin Debora I.
Published: October 2024

Internet skills include operational and procedural, navigation and search, and content and source evaluation skills. This study has sought to examine the factorial structure of the Internet Skills Scale (ISS), and the relationship between self-reported Internet skills, Internet experience (frequency, and number and type of activities), and verbal ability, in a sample of college students. Participants completed the ISS, questionnaires about habitual Internet use, and the BAIRES Test. Data analyses relied on factorial analytic techniques for ordinal data, and generalized linear models. A three factors model for the ISS showed good fit. Operational and evaluation skills were associated with frequency of Internet use and number of activities. Navigation and search were associated with verbal ability.
Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Judi Online (Persepktif Hukum Positip Dan Hukum Islam)
Authors: Sumarwoto Sumarwoto
Published: October 2024

Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi menyebabkan dunia menjadi tanpa batas dan menyebabkan perubahan sosial secara signifikan berlangsung demikian cepat melalui penggunaan layanan internet. Ketergantungan layanan internet digunakan hampir dalam semua aspek kehidupan meliputi bisnis, pendidikan, hiburan, sosial dan budaya, termasuk judi online. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif sebagai pisau analisis dalam mengelola data-data kualitatif yang dikumpulkan dari sumber primer maupun sekunder dengan memperhatikan ketentuan undang-undang yang berkenaan baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung., Menurut Hukum Positif, judi online adalah dilarang, karena dampak dari perjudian itu bisa mengakibatkan terjadinya tindak pidana lain seperti pencurian, pembunuhan serta yang lainnya. Sedangkan menurut Hukum Islam, judi online hukumnya haram karena pada dasarnya perjudian itu tidak ada manfaat serta banyak mudharat-nya.
Urgensi Roya Terhadap Penyelamatan Kredit Hak Tanggungan Melalui Novasi
Authors: Antarez Antarez Endy Yafentra , Angga Angga Rahmadi , Yudhi Yudhi Widyo Armono
Published: October 2024

Kredit adalah penyediaan uang berdasarkan kesepakatan pinjam meminjam antara bank dengan pihak lain yang mewajibkan pihak peminjam untuk melunasi utangnya setelah jangka waktu tertentu. Novasi adalah pembaharuan utang yang disertai hapusnya perikatan yang lama yang biasanya dijadikan opsi sebagai upaya penyelamatan kredit macet dengan objek jaminan hak tanggungan. Namun, novasi memunculkan pertanyaan krusial terkait urgensi pencoretan pada sertifikat tanah atau roya karena adanya novasi. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana urgensi roya dalam sulatul pelnyellamatan kreldit dengan jaminan Hak Tanggungan melalui novasi? Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang menggunakan pendekatan Perundang-undangan berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan dari studi kepustakaan yang berupa data sekunder. Roya Hak Tanggungan penting dilakukan setelah adanya novasi. Roya dimaksudkan untuk membebaskan barang jaminan dari perjanjian utang piutang yang lama sehingga dapat dibebankan jaminan dalam perjanjian utang piutang yang baru untuk menjamin hak kreditor untuk dibayar. Hapusnya hak tanggungan salah satunya adalah karena hapusnya utang piutang. Berdasarkan pasal 22 UU HT mengatur bahwa setelah Hak Tanggungan hapus sebagaimana dimaksudkan dalam Pasal 18, Kantor Pertanahan mencoret catatan Hak Tanggungan tersebut pada buku tanah hak atas tanah dan sertifikatnya. Berdasarkan pasal ini, hapusnya hak tanggungan yang salah satunya diakibatkan karena hapusnya utang piutang karena adanya novasi menjadikan roya hal yang harus dilakukan demi ketertiban administrasi.
Peran Penegak Hukum Dalam Menangani Permasalahan Pelecehan Seksual Di Dunia Pendidikan
Authors: Elza Elza Novia
Published: October 2024

Pelecehan seksual merupakan kejahatan asusila yang dapat merusak tatanan sosial serta generasi bangsa terlebih banyak kasus pelecehan kasus terjadi di dunia pendididikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaturan hukum mengenai pelcehan seksual, serta tindakan hukum yang dapat dilakukan dalam pencegahan pelecehan seksual dan peran penegak hukum dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap korban pelecahan seksual di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan studi pustaka (library research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) dan studi kasus (case approach). Pemerintah sudah berupaya untuk menangani tindak pidana pelecehan seksual dengan berbagai regulasi yang ada, diantaranya adalah Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 Tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (UU TPKS), UU Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang KUHP, UU Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak UU Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga, serta Permendikbud Nomor 30 Tahun 2021. Implementasi tindak pidana pelecehan seksual belum tertangani dengan baik sehingga perlu dibentuk unit-unit pengaduan atau satgas pengaduan kekerasan seksual di setiap daerah bahkan di sekolah-sekolah maupun perguruan tinggi. Selain itu penegak hukum serta lembaga Komnas Perempuan dan KPAI harus mampu menjalin kerjasama dengan baik untuk melakukan sosialisasi, pencegahan dan pemulihan terhadap korban serta menindak tegas terhadap pelaku pelecehaan seksual.
Kajian Dalam Perspektif Filsafat Hukum Pada Implementasi Penerapan Diversi
Authors: Ferdy Ferdy Ardhany , Herwin Herwin Sulistyowati
Published: October 2024

The philosophy of law is a part of the search that is studied in the sphere of philosophical scope. Philosophy is a systematic thinking activity that can only be satisfied with accepting the results arising from the thinking activity itself. Philosophy does not limit itself only to sensory, physical, psychological or spiritual symptoms. He also asks not only "why" and "how" these symptoms are, but also the basis of the symptoms, their characteristics and their truth. He tries to reflect the theoretical relationship in which the symptoms are understood or thought out. In that case, the philosopher will never be satisfied with an answer. Every argument must be reasoned or made and understood rationally. Because however philosophy is an activity of thinking meaning in a dialogical relationship with the others he tries to formulate arguments to obtain examination. Next, philosophy is in fact open and tolerant. Philosophy is not a belief or a dogmatism, if it is no longer open to new arguments and firmly adheres to the understanding once acquired, it is not surprising that philosophy practically leads to rigidity.  As a philosophy, the philosophers of law should have an attitude of adaptation to the nature, methods and purposes of philosophies in general. Furthermore, the law as the object of the philosophy of law will influence the philology of law.  The future of the child becomes our responsibility together except for the child who is faced with the law. The protection of children who are facing the law one of them is Diversi at every stage of law enforcement both in the investigation, prosecution, and examination in the Court. Therefore, in order for the diversi effort can be implemented optimally and be the best alternative in the settlement of criminal cases of children, there is a need for improvement in the Law No. 11 of 2012 on the Child Criminal Justice System, given the obligation of the law-enforcement authorities to implement Diversi it is good to counter with the obligations of the parties in following Diversi; there is need for deeper socialization by the law enforce about what is diversi, what is Restorative Justice so that the wider public will understand the importance of Diversi as an effort to protect children who face the Law. The concept of law as the main objective of the philosophical struggle is as old as the history of philosophy itself. From ancient Greece to later times, the law was always discussed and questioned, that is, about its existence and reality. For the person who desires to know the law in depth, then he should strive to talk about the truth and origin of the law, the relationship of law with the Reflection and the Relevance of the Thought of the Philosophy of Law.
Implementasi Peraturan Menteri Hukum Dan HAM Nomor 22 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pengharmonisasian,
Authors: Alfi Mahmud Alfi Syifa’ , Andri Muhammad Andri
Published: October 2024

Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 22 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengharmonisasian, Pembulatan, dan Pemantapan Konsepsi Rancangan Peraturan Daerah (Raperda) di Kota Malang. Peraturan ini mengatur prosedur dan mekanisme yang harus dilalui dalam proses harmonisasi Raperda, untuk memastikan konsistensi dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih tinggi serta kepentingan nasional. Dalam penelitian ini, pendekatan yuridis empiris digunakan untuk mengkaji bagaimana proses harmonisasi dilaksanakan, termasuk peran Kantor Wilayah Kemenkumham Jawa Timur, serta kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun peraturan ini telah diterapkan, terdapat beberapa tantangan yang dihadapi, seperti keterbatasan sumber daya manusia dan kurangnya koordinasi antara pemerintah daerah dan Kemenkumham. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga memberikan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas harmonisasi peraturan di tingkat daerah, sehingga produk hukum yang dihasilkan lebih berkualitas dan sesuai dengan kerangka hukum nasional.
IMPLEMENTASI AGROFORESTRI DAN PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN LAHAN DI KPH BATUTEGI PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Qurniati Rommy , Putra Aji Mandala , . Duryat
Published: October 2024

Implementasi agroforestri merupakan upaya untuk memulihkan fungsi lindung dan rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan dengan meningkatkan jumlah dan jenis pohon di lahan garapan petani di Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) Batutegi. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan implementasi agroforestri dan pengelolaan lahan yang dilakukan laki-laki dan perempuan dalam rumah tangga petani penggarap lahan di KPH Batutegi. Penelitian ini dilakukan tahun 2023 di Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan) Sumber Makmur dan Gapoktan Wana Tani Lestari yang menggarap lahan di kawasan hutan lindung KPH Batutegi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis tanaman yang ada di lahan garapan petani berbeda-beda baik antar petani maupun antar petak lahan pada petani yang sama. Jenis dan jumlah per jenis pada tanaman tajuk tinggi di kedua Gapoktan mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan data tahun 2016. Keragaman komposisi ini dapat memperkaya biodiversitas landskap agroforestri di KPH Batutegi akan tetapi jenis dan jumlah tanaman terutama tajuk tinggi masih perlu ditingkatkan agar mampu mengembalikan fungsi lindung dan fungsinya sebagai catchment area. Keterlibatan perempuan pada kegiatan pengelolaan lahan perlu ditingkatkan karena masih terbatas pada kegiatan yang tidak membutuhkan tenaga yang kuat dan dapat dilakukan diantara perannya pada kegiatan aktivitas rumah tangga.
The imposition of punishment within the framework of criminal law
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Rustemova G. , Osmanova G. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Bizhanova A. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University
Published: October 2024

The issue of punishment and its appointment is very relevant both in the country and in other states. Here we are talking about the social consequences that can be achieved in criminal law when imposing and applying punishment to persons found guilty of committing a criminal offense. In recent years, Kazakhstan's criminal policy has been paying more attention to combating serious and especially serious crimes, facilitating criminal liability for less serious and moderate crimes. That is, in the first case, various grounds for the application of punishment for crimes not related to isolation from society are considered, and in the second - the possibility of appropriate impact on convicts of punishments in the form of imprisonment. As already noted, in the article, the authors assess how often types of punishments are considered in criminal sanctions, based on the general grounds for imposing punishment on the guilty person in order to achieve the purpose of punishment. At the same time, the relevance of this issue indicates that there are difficulties in imposing punishment, taking into account aggravating and mitigating circumstances in accordance with criminal law. In the article, the authors provide recommendations on mitigating circumstances. The purpose of the research work is to identify contradictions that arise in law enforcement practice when imposing punishment The paper uses formal logical, historical and comparative methods.
On the Construction of the SCO Community with a Shared Future for Mankind - From the Perspective of International Law
Authors:   Harbin Institute of Technology, Xue Li , Jian Cao ,   Harbin Institute of Technology, Hong-wei Wang ,   Harbin Institute of Technology
Published: October 2024

The 21st century is the century of organization. Against this background, General Secretary Xi’s proposition of “building a SCO community with a shared future” has pointed out the direction for the SCO’s development in the context of a century of change. The proposition of “SCO Community with a Shared Future for Mankind” was put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping from the perspective of building a community with a shared future for mankind and in order to promote the construction of the “Belt and Road”. However, against the backdrop of profound change unseen in a century, international rule of law has been put on the governance agenda and has become a recognized necessary form of international governance. Therefore, the proposition of building a “SCO community with a shared future” needs to be examined from the perspective of international rule of law. First, in terms of causes, the rise of the argumentative international law paradigm has provided an opportunity to inject oriental wisdom into international rule of law, and the demand for international rule of law in the construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative has also put forward practical demands for the construction of the SCO community of shared future. Secondly, in terms of content, the SCO’s insufficient rule-oriented approach, imperfect legal system, and uneven rule of law among its member states are all specific contents that need to be improved in building a SCO community with a shared future. Finally, in terms of goals, building a SCO community with a shared future should achieve the multi-dimensional goals of common prosperity, universal security, openness and win-win cooperation, equality and inclusiveness, and consultation and construction in the dimension of international law, and inject oriental wisdom into the beneficial development of the current international legal system.
The problem of ensuring and protecting civil and political rights in the countries of Central Asia
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Dossanova A. , Iskakova Zh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2024

The article considers the main issues in the field of protection of civil and political rights in the countries of Central Asia. The study examined the historical development and current state of the problem of ensuring civil and political rights in the Central Asian states. In the course of the study, decisions of the United Nations treaty bodies and scientific literature on the topic of the study were examined. In the course of the study, the national legislation of the countries of Central Asia was examined. The study showed that the following civil and political rights and freedoms are seriously violated in the countries of Central Asia: freedom of speech, freedom of assembly and association, freedom of conscience and religion, the right to a fair trial and the right not to be subjected to torture and other cruel acts and forms of punishment. The study proposed a conclusion to consider amending national legislation and forming new mechanisms to ensure civil and political rights in order to protect and safeguard the right to freedom of expression and not to be subjected to torture or other cruel punishment in the countries of Central Asia.
Sleep quality and sex-related differences in an older adult population: a web-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Di Simone Emanuele , Giannetta Noemi , Ragnoli Valerio , Dionisi Sara , De Leo Aurora , Liquori Gloria , Panattoni Nicolò , D’Inzeo Victoria , Tafaro Laura , Papaspyropoulos Vassilios , Napoli Christian , Fabbian Fabio , De Biase Luciano , Orsi Giovanni Battista , Di Muzio Marco
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Aging has significant economic and social implications leading to an increase in chronic diseases and reduced autonomy of the elderly. Sleep disorders are common in the elderly, manifesting reduced sleep quality. Objective/Purpose: The study aimed to measure the prevalence of sleep disorders in older adults and assess sex differences in sleep quality and sleep problems. Method: A cross-sectional study based on an online survey was performed according to the STROBE checklist, using pre-validated questionnaires (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) distributed to a sample of older adults. This is the first study evaluating sex differences in sleep quality and problems in the Italian population context using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index assessment tool. The study was conducted in a university hospital in Rome from October 2020 to November 2020, on patients aged >65 years, independent in activities of daily living, with comorbidities and on treatment with up to 2 medications. Results: 59 patients were included in the study, with an average age of 71.12 years. The results show that among males, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was 51.9%, while among females, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was 62.5%. According to Shapiro-Wilk, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was not normally distributed. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total scores in males did not differ significantly from females. Conclusions: Considering scientific literature, recent studies have highlighted the prevalence of sleep disorders in the elderly population and their underreporting. Providing early intervention not only improves the sleep quality of these people but may also reduce the risk of experiencing adverse health outcomes and susceptibility to frailty.
Comprehensive Overview of the Apicoectomy Procedure: Indications, Technique, and Postoperative Care.
Authors: Agarwal Twinkle , Govind Shashirekha
Published: October 2024

This review explores the theoretical and clinical aspects of the apicoectomy (root resection) process in periradicular surgery, which is crucial when standard root canal treatments fail. This procedure entails root apex amputation to resolve problems in the root area. Its goal is to eliminate enduring endodontic pathogens by employing surgical debridement, root-end resection, and canal obturation. The article consolidates extensive literature, emphasizing the procedure's significance in paediatric endodontics and updates in apical surgery. Providing a comprehensive overview, it highlights the procedure's advancements and its crucial role in managing endodontic concerns beyond traditional treatments.
KEYWORDS:  Apicoectomy, Ramifications, Root Resection, Luebke-Oschenbein Flap, Guided Tissue Regeneration
Object detection with afordable robustness for UAV aerial imagery: model and providing method
Authors: Moskalenko Viacheslav , Korobov Artem , Moskalenko Yuriy
Published: October 2024

Neural network object detectors are increasingly being used for aerial video analysis, with a growing demand for onboard processing on UAVs and other limited resources. However, the vulnerability of neural networks to adversarial noise, out-of-distribution data, and fault injections reduces the functionality and reliability of these solutions. The development of detector models and training methods that simultaneously ensure computational efficiency and robustness against disturbances is an urgent scientific task. The research subjects. The model and method for ensuring the robustness of resource-constrained neural network systems for object detection in aerial video surveillance. Objective. Development of a model and method to ensure the robustness of object detectors for aerial image analysis. Methods. Combination of ideas and methods for dynamic neural networks, and methods for robustness and resilience optimization for neural networks. Results. The detector model with a ViT-B/16 backbone modified with gate units for dynamic inference was developed. The model was trained on the VEDAI dataset and meta-trained on the results of adaptation to different types of disturbances. The model with different training methods was tested for robustness against random bit-flip injection where the proportion of the modified weights is determined at a fault rate of 0.1. In addition, the model with different training methods were tested for robustness against a black-box Adversarial Attack with a perturbation level of 3/255 according to the L¥ norm. Conclusions. The object detection model for aerial images with dynamic inference and optimized robustness is developed for the first time. The model includes a transformer-based backbone, gate units, and simplified feature pyramid network with a RetinaNet detection head. Gate units are trained to deactivate transformer encoders that are irrelevant to the input data and disturbances. The proposed model reduces FLOPs by more than 22% without loss of mean Average Precision (mAP) by deactivating some encoders. The detector training method was developed for the first time, combined the RetinaNet loss function with the gate unit loss function and applied meta-learning to the results of adaptation to various types of synthetic disturbances. The analysis of the experimental results demonstrates that the proposed method provides an 11.7 % increase in mAP during testing under fault injection conditions and a 15.1 % increase in mAP during adversarial attack testing.
Narcotráfico, hidrocarburos y gobernanza híbrida: en la Cuenca de Burgos. Frontera Norte de México
Authors: Fuerte Pilar
Published: October 2024

La gobernanza híbrida constituye una articulación entre actividades legales e ilegales, en una situación en donde prevalecen las normas informales sobre las formales. En el texto abordamos a la región del noreste de México para ilustrar un caso de gobernanza híbrida, cuya característica es la influencia del crimen organizado sobre las instituciones. En esta cuenca gasera son articulados procesos económicos e históricos de largo aliento que han permitido una articulación entre el crimen organizado, el estado y los poderes económicos, lo cual tiene resultados adversos sobre la seguridad ciudadana. Resaltamos que usar esta perspectiva, permite visualizar procesos externos que inciden sobre la construcción de la región, ilustrando sobre la necesidad de empoderar a los actores locales para legitimar formas pacíficas de convivencia.
Perceptions of Yemeni EFL Students on the Use of AI Tools: Awareness, Frequency, and Preferred Applications
Authors: Hezam Abdulrahman Mokbel Mahyoub , Al-Mekhlafy Adel Ahmed Abdullah , Mahyoub Rian Abdulrahman Moqbel
Published: October 2024

This study explores Yemeni EFL students' perceptions of using AI tools in their English language learning, focusing on awareness, frequency of use, and preferred applications. AI-powered tools like ChatGPT, Duolingo, and Grammarly offer personalized, interactive learning experiences that are especially valuable in regions with limited educational resources. The research utilized an online survey distributed via WhatsApp to gather data from Yemeni undergraduate students. Results indicate that while many students are familiar with AI tools and use them regularly for tasks such as vocabulary building and grammar checking, barriers like limited internet access and high AI tool costs remain significant. The study highlights the potential benefits of AI tools in accelerating learning, enhancing autonomy, and providing personalized feedback while addressing the need for improved infrastructure and support in under-resourced areas. The findings provide valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and AI developers to enhance the effectiveness and accessibility of AI tools in language learning, particularly in conflict-affected regions like Yemen.
A Voice of Liberty and Protest: Exploring Binodini’s Identity Crisis, Power and Self-discovery in Tagore’s Chokher Bali (A Grain of Sand)
Authors: Abdullah AL Mamun
Published: October 2024

The cultural icon and trail blazer of Bengali Renaissance Rabindranath Tagore has experimented successfully upon some great female protagonists in his fiction who have managed to curve a niche for themselves in world literature. A master artist, he has also depicted with his dexterously professional brushstrokes a host of highly progressive and brave female identities with a strong voice of protest against all prejudices of the contemporary backward and prejudiced Hindu communities as well as against all conservative forces of fate and society. Tagore has portrayed extremely meticulously some female voices, attributing them to the strength of motherhood, the beauty of the beloved, and the strong power of womanhood, allowing them to develop their own individual status and identity in a stereotypical, male dominated, and patriarchal Bengali society. This paper undertakes to explore Binodini, a finely crafted character in the Novel ‘Chokher Bali’ by Tagore, who battles over her identity breaks a fresh ground for her own, and emerges as an uncompromisingly assertive woman with a voice and brand of her own. It explores that she is not terrified by the severity of the male gaze or trodden down by the repression of the male centric society in her journey through liberty and blossoms an individual very sure of herself by breaking the image of the traditional Indian womanhood.
Detecting IoT Cyberattacks: Advanced Machine Learning Models for Enhanced Security in Network Traffic
Authors: Md Rashed Buiya  , A K M Nuruzzaman Laskar  , Md Rafiqul Islam  , Sawalmeh Sanjib Kumar Shil , Roy Muhammad Shoyaibur Rahman Chowdhury , Roy Reza E Rabbi Shawon , Md Sumsuzoha
Published: October 2024

The IoT is one of the most revolutionary technological advancements of the contemporary era, embedding networked devices into nearly every aspect of human life, from smart homes and wearables to industrial systems and healthcare applications in the U.S.A. The immediate need for better cybersecurity in the U.S.A. arises from the increasing sophistication and frequency of cyberattacks on IoT systems. Machine learning and AI have emerged as promising technologies to deal with the security challenges IoT systems pose. Unlike traditional rule-based systems, ML models learn from large datasets to identify deviations from the normal behavior pattern that signifies malicious activity.  The prime objective of this research is to design, curate, evaluate, and deploy state-of-the-art machine learning models that improve the detection of cyberattacks over IoT network traffic. This research used a well-established dataset that emulates IoT network traffic consisting of benign and malicious activities. Benchmarks like the UNSW-NB15, CICIDS2017, and TON_IoT have been in extensive use by researchers in this domain because they contain a rich variety of network traffic created by various IoT devices and systems along with corresponding labels that classify normal and associated with specific types of cyberattacks: DDOS, MITM, and botnet attacks. Data preprocessing and cleaning ensured that the dataset was consistent, complete, and in a format that helps machine learning algorithms learn from it. Imputation techniques used the feature's mean/median/mode to handle missing values. In this research project, two machine learning algorithms were used in the experiment, notably, Logistic Regression and Random Forest. In this study, the machine learning algorithms used in the experiment undertaken for the current research project are Logistic Regression and Random Forest. The performance of Random Forest was superior to Logistic Regression in almost all metrics. While Logistic Regression provided a strong baseline, it struggled with detecting attacks, as evidenced by its lower recall and higher number of false negatives. This implied that Logistic Regression was less reliable in detecting cyberattacks, which could be critical in real-world cybersecurity settings. By contrast, Random Forest attained impressive accuracy and significantly diminished the number of false negatives. Its higher precision and recall demonstrate that it is better suited for detecting attacks in this dataset, offering a more reliable solution for cyberattack detection.