bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient Cloud-Based Resource Sharing Through Multi-Tenancy and Load Balancing: An Exploration of Higher Education and Digital Libraries
Authors: Al-Maliki Saeed Q. Al-Khalidi
Published: May 2022

Cloud computing has gained considerable attention in academia and industry in recent years. The cloud facilitates data sharing and enables cost efficiency, thus playing a vital role today as well as for the foreseeable future. In this paper, we briefly discuss the application of multi-tenant and load-balancing technologies to cloud-based digital resource sharing suitable for academic and digital libraries. As a new paradigm for digital resource sharing, we propose improving the current user service model with private cloud storage for other sectors, including the medical and financial fields. This paper gives a summary of cloud computing and its possible applications, combined with digital data optimisation for web-based services. This study could aid in the identification and generation of cloud-based services that use multi-tenant and load-balancing methodologies for the best quality of service.
Postoperative Bile Leakage and Anastomotic Stricture After Roux en Y Hepaticojejunostomy: A Retrospective Analysis of Risk Factors
Authors: Rey Carlos , Conde Danny , Polania David , García Juan Pablo , Sabogal Juan Carlos
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo describe the experience and long-term follow-up after Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy and define potential risk factors for early and late postoperative outcomes, such as bile leakage and anastomotic stricture.Summary Background dataRoux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is widely used in gastrointestinal surgery. Bile leakage and anastomotic stricture are of the most relevant postoperative complications. The risk factors for postoperative morbidity are poorly described.MethodsAll patients who underwent hepaticojejunostomy between January 2014 and December 2020 were included in this study. Follow-up was performed for four years. Exact logistic regression was performed, associations between clinical and operative variables were explored. Bile leakage and anastomotic stricture were defined as outcomes at early and late follow-up respectively.ResultsA total of 199 patients were included in this study. Female patients were 56.28%. Mean age 61.73yo. The mean follow-up period was 54 months. Pancreatic cancer was the most common preoperative diagnosis (52.26%). Bile leakage was observed in 4.02%, and anastomotic stricture in 4.52% after 4 years of follow-up. A body mass index (BMI) of 27 kg/m2 or higher was associated with bile leakage (p = 0.002 95% CI 1.9-13.85), A benign diagnosis was associated with an anastomotic stricture. (p = 0.001, 95% CI 2.2-21.4).ConclusionThe appropriate technique is the key factor in decreasing both biliary leak and anastomotic stricture after surgery. It seems that a BMI greater than or equal to 27 kg/m2 is associated with an increased risk of postoperative bile leakage. Oncologic conditions increase postoperative morbidity but do not affect biliary leaks or stricture. In addition, benign conditions are associated with a high risk of anastomotic stricture.
A Dosing Strategy Model of Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm for Sepsis
Authors: Lin Tianlai , Zhang Xinjue , Gong Jianbing , Tan Rundong , Xu Xiang , Wang Lijun , Pan Yingxia , Gao junhui
Published: May 2022

BackgroundA growing body of research indicates that the use of computerized decision support systems can better guide disease treatment and save resources. An artificial intelligence (AI) clinical decision system may be a useful tool to predict how different dose combinations affect survival outcomes in patients with sepsis. We boldly use Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm to improve the sepsis AI clinical decision system developed by MIT and IMPERIAL College London (ICL) team. We believe that although the system has been verified by data, due to the limitations of the core algorithm, it cannot meet the needs of clinical use, it could also be that the model of training is not stable. The purpose of this study was to establish a more effective AI clinician decision-making system to guide sepsis treatment.MethodsWe chose the same data model as the MIT team for experiments. these datasets are from the publicly available Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care (MIMIC-III v1.4) database. We utilized hospitalization information for 38,600 adult patients over 15 years of age。we adopted DDPG (a strategy-based reinforcement learning method) to build an artificial intelligence clinician model.ResultsCompared with the sepsis AI clinician decision model developed by MIT based on DNQ algorithm, the sepsis AI clinician decision model developed by DDPG algorithm had a faster convergence rate, was closer to the clinician decision, and had a higher survival rate.ConclusionsThe AI clinician decision system based on DDPG algorithm can better help the ICU (Intensive Care Unit ) clinicians to cope with the changes in the condition of sepsis patients, reduce the workload, and provide a reference dosage.
Justicia Secunda: a Poultry Phytogenic Growth Promoter
Authors: Oko Augustine Okpani , Ekuma Emmanuel Toochukwu , Eluu Stanley Chijioke
Published: May 2022

Aqueous and ethanol leaf-extracts of Justicia secunda, were investigated for possible application as poultry growth promoters. Vitamins, minerals and phytochemical compositions of the leaves were investigated using standard methods. Seventy-two broilers were grouped into nine with eight birds per treatment through random selection and bred for period of eight weeks. Growth and meat quality evaluations, biochemical and hematological assessment of the blood were done using standard methods. Results revealed that the plant contained water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins, macro-elements, trace-elements, alkaloids and polyphenols necessary for improving poultry performances. It was observed that the extracts improved meat quality of the broilers more than control groups, as the drip and cooking losses of the broilers were lower. Also, there were improved blood proteins (total protein, albumin, globulin) and hematological indices of the broilers. Consequently, leaf-extracts of J. secunda could serve as replacements for chemical growth promoters with aqueous extracts as the better choice having produced better effects than ethanol extracts.
Ultra-strong comprehensive radiation effect tolerance in carbon nanotube electronics
Authors: Zhang Zhiyong , Zhu Maguang , Lu Peng , Wang Xuan , Qian Chen , Zhu Huiping , Zhang Yajie , Zhou Jianshuo , Xu Haitao , Han Zhengsheng , Han Jianwei , Chen Rui , Li Bo , Peng Lian-Mao
Published: May 2022

Carbon nanotube (CNT) field-effect transistors (FETs) have been considered ideal building blocks for radiation-hardened integrated circuits (ICs), the demand for which is exponentially growing, especially in outer space exploration and the nuclear industry. Many studies on the radiation tolerance of CNT-based electronics have focused on the total ionizing dose (TID) effect, while few works have considered the single event effects (SEEs) and displacement damage (DD) effect, which are more difficult to measure but may be more important in practical applications. We first executed measurements of the SEEs and DD effect of CNT FETs and ICs and then presented a comprehensive radiation effect analysis of CNT electronics. The CNT ICs without special irradiation reinforcement technology exhibit a comprehensive radiation tolerance, including a 1×104 MeV∙cm2/mg level of the laser-equivalent threshold linear energy transfer (LET) for SEEs, 2.8×1013 MeV/g for DD and 2 Mrad (Si) for TID, which are at least 4 times higher than those in conventional radiation-hardened ICs. The ultrahigh intrinsic comprehensive radiation tolerance will promote the applications of CNT ICs in high-energy solar and cosmic radiation environments.
The outcome of linezolid induced optic and peripheral neuropathy in a Pakistani patient treated for multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: A case report
Authors: Bano Safia , Nawaz Ahmad , Numan Ahsan , Hassan Aarish , Shafique Bilal
Published: May 2022

Linezolid is a core second-line drug used for the treatment of extensively and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Linezolid showed the promised efficacy in the treatment of drugs resistant tuberculosis. However, the associated adverse effects such as optic and peripheral neuropathy are the major obstacles for its long-term therapy. We recently encountered a case of progressive deterioration of vision and numbness in the feet in a 32-years-old male undergoing linezolid therapy for 12 months for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Nerve conduction studies were highly suggestive of length dependent axonal sensory polyneuropathy while the fundoscopic image was highly favorable of optic neuropathy. A slight improvement was seen in vision with no improvement or worsening of peripheral neuropathy on follow-up visits after the discontinuation of linezolid. In a developing country like Pakistan, whereas the management of developing resistance to tuberculosis is a major problem, awareness among physicians for close follow-up of a patient using long-term linezolid therapy should be created to avoid such serious optic and peripheral neuropathy.
Stokes meta-hologram toward optical cryptography
Authors: Guo Xuyue , Li Peng , Zhong Jinzhan , Wen Dandan , Wei Bingyan , Liu Sheng , Qi Shuxia , Zhao Jianlin
Published: May 2022

Optical cryptography manifests itself a powerful platform for information security, which involves encrypting secret images into visual patterns. Recently, encryption schemes demonstrated on metasurface platform have revolutionized optical cryptography due to the versatile design concepts allow for unrestrained creativity. Despite rapid progresses, most efforts focus on the functionalities of cryptography rather than addressing performance issues, such as deep security, information capacity, and reconstruction quality. Here, we develop an optical encryption scheme by integrating visual cryptography with metasurface-assisted pattern masking, referred to as Stokes meta-hologram. Based on spatially structured polarization pattern masking, Stokes meta-hologram allows multichannel vectorial encryption to mask multiple secret images into unrecognizable visual patterns, and retrieve them following Stokes vector analysis. Further, an asymmetric encryption scheme based on Stokes vector rotation transformation is proposed to settle the inherent problem of the need to share the key in symmetric encryption. Our results show that Stokes meta-hologram can achieve highly secured optical cryptography architecture, and thereby paves a promising pathway toward optical and quantum security, optical communications, and anticounterfeiting.
3cDe-Net： A Cervical Cancer Cell Detection Network Based on an Improved Backbone Network and Multiscale Feature Fusion
Authors: Wang Wei , Tian Yun , Xu Yang , Zhang Xiao-xuan , Li Yan-song , Zhao Shi-feng
Published: May 2022

Background
Cervical cancer cell detection is an essential means of cervical cancer screening. However, in thin-prep cytology test-based images, the detection accuracy of traditional computer-aided detection algorithms is typically low due to the overlap of cells with blurred cytoplasmic boundaries. Clinical applications face more difficulties.
Method
we propose a cervical cancer cell detection network (3cDe-Net) based on an improved backbone network and multiscale feature fusion, and the network consists of the backbone network and the detection head. In the backbone network, a dilated convolution and a group convolution are introduced to improve the resolution and model expression ability. In the detection head, multiscale features are obtained based on a feature pyramid fusion network to ensure accurate capture of small cells; and then, based on Faster R-CNN, adaptive anchors of cervical cancer cells are generated via unsupervised clustering; furthermore, a new balanced L1-based loss function is defined, which reduces the unbalanced sample contribution loss.
Result
For two different datasets(the Data-T dataset and Herlev dataset), the baselines including ResNet-50, ResNet-101, Inception-v3, ResNet-152 and the feature concatenation network were used, and the final quantitative results showed the effectiveness of the proposed backbone network DC-ResNet. Furthermore, experiments with both datasets show that our detection network 3cDe-Net, based on the optimal anchor, the defined new loss function, and the DC-ResNet, outperforms existing methods and achieves a mAP of 50.4%. By horizontal comparison of cells on the image, the category information and location information can be obtained concurrently.
Conclusion
The proposed 3cDe-Net is an end-to-end network that can detect cancer cells on multicell pictures and can determine their locations. The model processes and analyzes samples directly at the picture level rather than the cellular level, which is more efficient and meets clinical needs more effectively.
Prediction of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with psoriasis in northern China
Authors: Fu Qian , Su Dong qiang , Miao Yu , Chen Taoyu , Ji Yanqi , Zhang Feng
Published: May 2022

To investigate cardio vascular disease (CVD) risk factors and predict future CVD risk in patients with psoriasis in northern China, we conducted a retrospective study on risk factors in 1,067 psoriasis patients (psoriasis group) and 1,110 physical examiners without psoriasis (control group). Compared with the control group, the psoriasis group showed a stronger correlation with CVD history, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidaemia (all P < 0.01). CVD was more common in patients with a long history of psoriasis (P < 0.01), and the incidence of severe psoriasis with diabetes was higher (P < 0.01). In the psoriasis prediction group, the proportion in psoriasis in the "medium risk" and "very high risk" was significantly higher (P < 0.01). Heart age was significantly increased than their actual in the "old people" (P < 0.01). The results showed that the risk factors for CVD in patients with psoriasis were higher than those in the control group, and psoriasis with a long history or severe disease had a higher risk of CVD. Patients with psoriasis have a higher risk of future CVD, and the predicted heart age in the older groups tends to exceed the actual age. This suggests that attention should be paid to the present and future risk of CVD in patients with psoriasis and to the management of cardiovascular comorbidities.
Glucocerebrosidase, a Parkinson´s disease-associated protein, is imported into mitochondria and regulates complex I assembly and function
Authors: Baden Pascale , Perez Maria-Jose , Kalb Stefanie , Raji Hariam , Illescas María , Giuliano Claudio , Bertoli Federico , Oldrati Marvin , Calogero Alessandra , Cappelletti Graziella , Brockmann Kathrin , Gasser Thomas , Schapira Anthony H V , Ugalde Cristina , Deleidi Michela
Published: May 2022

Mutations in the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), which cause Gaucher's disease, are the most frequent genetic risk factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here, we employed global proteomic and single-cell genomic approaches in stable cell lines as well as induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons and midbrain organoids to dissect the mechanisms underlying GCase-related neurodegeneration. We demonstrate that a fraction of GCase can be imported from the cytosol into the mitochondria via the translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) import machinery via recognition of internal mitochondrial targeting sequence-like signals. In mitochondria, GCase promotes the assembly and function of mitochondrial complex I (CI). Furthermore, GCase interacts with the mitochondrial quality control proteins HSP60 and LONP1. Disease-associated mutations impair the assembly and function of CI and enhance the interaction with the mitochondrial quality control machinery. These findings reveal a previously unknown function of GCase in mitochondria and suggest that defective CI activity and energy metabolism may drive the pathogenesis of GCase-driven neurodegeneration.
Isolation: Revising the estimated risk of sea-level rise
Authors: Logan Tom , Anderson Mitchell , Reilly Allison
Published: May 2022

The typical displacement metric for sea-level rise adaptation planning is parcel inundation. However, this metric does not fully capture the wider cascading or indirect effects of sea-level rise. To address this, we propose the consideration of population isolation: those who cannot access essential services. Based on this metric, we find a 39–464% increase in the number of people considered at-risk, compared to the risk from parcel inundation, when considering inundated roadways during mean higher high water tides in the coastal U.S. We also find that isolation may occur decades sooner than parcel inundation. Both estimates of risk are critical elements for evaluating adaptation options and prioritizing support for at-risk communities.
Arthro-Broström with Endoscopic Retinaculum Augmentation using All-inside Lasso-loop Stitch Techniques
Authors: Yang Yunjian , Han Jing , Wu Helin , Zhi Xiaosong , Lian Junhong , Xu Feng , Cai Xianhua , Wei Shijun
Published: May 2022

Background
There is still controversy about the augmentation of the inferior extensor retinaculum after arthroscopic anterior talofibular ligament repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate the arthro-Broström procedure with endoscopic retinaculum augmentation using all-inside lasso-loop stitch techniques for chronic lateral ankle instability.
Methods
Thirty-four cases with type-2 or type-3 chronic anterior talofibular ligament lesions who underwent the arthro-Broström procedure with endoscopic retinaculum augmentation using all-inside lasso-loop stitch techniques were assessed retrospectively. A total of 30 cases (30 ankles) were followed up for a mean of 26.67 ± 4.19 months (range, 24–36 months). Five cases were excluded due to insufficient medical records or loss of follow-up reports. The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool scores, The Karlsson-Peterson scores and Visual Analogue Scale scores were evaluated before surgery and at the final follow-up time. Also, the results of stress fluoroscopic tests and complications were recorded.
Results
At the final follow-up, the average of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool scores, The Karlsson-Peterson scores and Visual Analogue Scale scores were 86.63 ± 6.69 (range, 77–100), 90.17 ± 4.64 (range, 85–100) and 0.53 ± 0.63 (range, 0–2), respectively. Moreover, the results of stress fluoroscopic tests were improved significantly after surgery. Mild keloid formation and/or knot irritation were observed in four cases. No wound infections, nerve injuries and recurrent instability were recorded. Also, no stiffness or arthritis of the subtalar joint was encountered.
Conclusions
The arthro-Broström procedure combined with endoscopic retinaculum augmentation using all-inside lasso-loop techniques is reliable and safe due to satisfactory clinical results and avoiding nerve injuries.
Level of evidence:
Level IV, retrospective case series.
The effectiveness of prophylactic foraminotomy in preventing C5 palsy paralysis: a meta- analysis
Authors: xiong yi , zhang liuyi , Wu Xiao yu , Hu Qi Qi
Published: May 2022

Background: With the development of medical science, surgical treatment of cervical spondylosis has increasingly achieved positive results. However, postoperative complications have also gradually increased, cervical 5 (C5) nerve root paralysis syndrome is one of the more serious complications. Different theories have been formulated regarding what causes this after posterior cervical surgery and studies have been conducted to test these theories, but no consensus has been reached. Methods: We systematically searched the literature for studies on the clinical effect of foraminotomy on C5 nerve root palsy; our search included the MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases from their establishment to present. Results: A total of 6 studies meeting the inclusion criteria and including 1174 patients were included in this meta-analysis: Prophylactic foraminotomy was performed in 498 patients and foraminoplasty was performed in 676 patients. There was no significant difference in the incidence of C5 palsy or the Japanese Orthopedic Association（JOA）scores between prophylactic foraminotomy and ordinary cervical spine surgery [OR = 0.67, 95% Cl (0.15,3.10), P = 0.61], [SMD = 0.15, 95% Cl(−0.06,0.36), P = 0.15]. However, the duration of prophylactic foraminotomy was longer than that of conventional cervical surgery [MD = 27.38, 95% Cl (21.73,33.02), P < 0.00001]. Conclusions: Meta-analysis results showed that prophylactic foraminotomy was not significant in preventing the incidence of C5 nerve palsy and JOA score , but prolonged the operation time Therefore, we do not recommend prophylactic foraminotomy to prevent postoperative C5 nerve root palsy in light of the current evidence.
How public and private health insurance coverage mitigates catastrophic health expenditures in South Korea
Authors: Jung Hyun Woo , Kwon Young Dae , Noh Jin-Won
Published: May 2022

Background: Korea has instituted a private health insurance (PHI) scheme that covers the remaining expenses uncovered by the National Health Insurance (NHI). No study has yet estimated the extent to which PHI coverage lowers the economic burden of household access to health care. The current study intends to evaluate the design of Korea's PHI system in terms of coverage using a catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) indicator and compare it with NHI. Methods: This study determined the difference between the number of households subscribed to PHI and the number of households that paid benefits. Also, it compared the effects of reduced CHE through NHI benefits with those of PHI. Furthermore, it compared PHI benefit rates by income class. Finally, it analyzed the benefit contribution of NHI and PHI to CHE reduction through a two-part model with hierarchical regression. Results: Results indicated that of the 5,644 households studied, 3,769 subscribed to PHI, but only 246 households received benefits. The NHI reduced CHE incidence by 15.17%, whereas PHI only reduced CHE by 1.22%. The NHI scheme indicated reduced inequality as it provided more benefits to the low-income class, whereas the PHI paid more to the high-income class. The NHI coverage has protected households from CHE and improved equality to some extent; however, PHI coverage has had little effect on relieving CHE and has deteriorated equality. Conclusions: Korean private insurance companies, which are mostly subsidiaries of for-profit conglomerates, only pay for pre-contracted diseases, therefore, most patients do not receive benefits. Thus, Korea's private insurance system needs to improve to provide benefits to patients more generously and alleviate the financial burden of medical use.
Serum levels of TNF alpha as diabetics prognostic marker in nondiabetic patients during coronavirus 19 infection. a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Al-fadhel samar Muayad
Published: May 2022

Coronavirus person with diabetes mellitus, old age and other comorbidities are considered predictors of higher morbidity and mortality. Also, blood glucose levels are independent predictors of morbidity and mortality in patients with COVID19. Diabetes Mellitus can effects immune response, whether up or down, according to control levels of glucose in circulation, Materials and methods: A prospective longitudinal study was carried out from January 2021 till January 2022 at Murjan hospital; in Babil, Iraq; blood samples were obtained from 150 COVID 19 patients, divided into 50 patients in three groups. The first group had uncontrolled diabetes, the second group with controlled diabetes and the last group none diabetic patients developed hyperglycemia during COVID19 infection. An ELISA technique was done for the TNF alpha detection in serum and Hba1c by chromatographic and fasting blood sugar for all cases and other medical data taken from patients' files. Results: ANOVA shows a significant high p-value of 0.0005,0.005&0.006 for ( TNF, CRP, Hba1c and fasting blood sugar, respectively ) correlated with hyperglycemia in none diabetic patients during COVID19 infection; meanwhile, the elevated levels of TNF correlated with sever cases development in diabetic groups, also TNF alpha elevated with Hba1c and fasting blood sugar test and CRP the study also used Kaplen Meier test where high levels of Hba1c, fasting blood sugar and TNF alpha correlated with an increased mortality rate (P < 0.002, 0.001 and 0.oo1 respectively). Although TNF alpha can be an excellent predictive test for the development of diabetes mellitus in none diabetic COVID 19 patients and predicts severe stages of COVID19 infection, also Hba1c considered an excellent test. In contrast, fasting sugars test outstanding in prognosis hyperglycemic and severity cases in three groups of COVID 19 patients. Conclusion: From these findings, we can conclude that high TNF alpha proteins are considered good prognosis factors for the development of hyperglycemia in none diabetic COVID 19 patients and predict the severity of infection and mortality rate among patients with COVID19.
Nationwide Survey on Communication Skills (CS) Training of Physicians in China and its Role in Actual Challenges of Patient-Physician-Relationship
Authors: Junfeng Du , Mayer Gwendolyn , Posenato Elisabetta , Hummel Svenja , Zafar Ali , Bärnighausen Till , Schultz Jobst-Hendrik
Published: May 2022

Background
The Chinese healthcare system is affected by frequent disputes between physicians and patients. Although recent reforms have contributed towards improving the patient-physician relationship, distrust in physicians is still high. Communication skills (CS) training of physicians holds the key to improving patient confidence and diffusing stressful situations. This nationwide survey reports on the status of CS training in medical education in China, and the experiences and attitudes of physicians towards CS training.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted at medical institutions across China. A questionnaire developed for this study included the status of CS training, current aspects of patient-physician relationships, perceived own CS and patient-centeredness with Likert-scaled items from 1 (most negative) to 6 (most positive). Physicians’ attitude towards CS training was measured with the Communication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS) and its subscales PAS (Positive Attitude Scale) and NAS (Negative Attitude Scale). Data were analyzed descriptively and for group differences between the hospital level and operating vs. non-operating physicians. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to find associations explaining the occurrence of verbal and physical attacks and the role of CS attitudes.
Results
Out of 1.080 questionnaires, 772 physicians met inclusion criteria. A total of 466/772 participants (60.4%) had received at least one CS training during their career. The participants rated the current situation related to patient-physician relationship in China as highly stressful (mean = 4.52, SD = 1.26, 95% CI: 4.43–4.60), experiencing verbal attacks in the past three years once a year in 372/772 cases (48.2%) and physical attacks 111/772 times (14.4%). The mean PAS was 62.96 (SD = 7.63, 95% CI: 62.41–63.47) indicating a high positive attitude towards CS training. Being female was associated with an increased risk of verbal attacks (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.01–2.25) while working in a tertiary hospital and showing high levels of PAS decreased this risk (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.43–0.89, and OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93–0.98). Having received a previous training decreased the odds of physical attacks (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.35–0.83).
Conclusions
A majority of Chinese physicians were trained in CS and would value further training. Our results highlight that CS training is likely to promote patient-centered communication and reduce attacks against physicians. Both of these effects are to improve the patient-physician-relationship in the long run. More CS training should be offered to Chinese physicians, especially at secondary- and primary-care hospitals, where such practices remain infrequent.
WITHDRAWN: Transcriptome analysis reveals hepatotoxicity in zebrafish induced by cyhalofop-butyl
Authors: Liu Tingting , Zhou Tao , Yang Yang
Published: May 2022

Cyhalofop-butyl is a highly effective aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide and widely used for weed control in paddy fields. With the increasing residue of herbicides, it poses a threat to the survival of aquatic organisms. Here, we evaluated the effect of cyhalofop-butyl on zebrafish to explore its potential hepatotoxic mechanism. The results showed that cyhalofop-butyl (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/L) induced hepatocyte degeneration, vacuolation and necrosis of larvae after embryonic exposure for 4 days and caused liver atrophy after exposure for 5 days. Meanwhile, the activities of enzymes related to liver function named alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) were significantly increased by 0.2 mg/L cyhalofop-butyl and higher. And the contents of triglyceride (TG) involved in lipid metabolism was significantly decreased by 0.4 mg/L cyhalofop-buty. The effects of cyhalofop-butyl on zebrafish larvae were further demonstrated by GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG pathway analysis. Cyhalofop-butyl (0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/L) altered the expression of 116, 154, 397 genes in liver，these genes are mainly enriched in metabolism (such as lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism), immune system (Toll-like receptor signaling pathway) and endocrine system (PPAR signaling pathway). Furthermore, the expression of key genes related to liver development combined with RNA-Seq results, indicated that cyhalofop-butyl might damage the liver development of zebrafish larvae and cause metabolic disorders. To sum up, our research results reveal the physiological and molecular responses of zebrafish liver to cyhalofop-butyl and provide new insights for further studying the mechanism of cyhalofop-butyl toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Metabolic effects of dopamine agonists treatment among patients with prolactinomas.
Authors: Kabootari Maryam , Shirmohammadli Habibeh , Golgiri Fatemeh , Mosalamiaghili Seyedarad , Khajavi Alireza , Akbari Hamideh
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of cabergoline treatment on metabolic parameters including the Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in newly diagnosed patients with prolactinoma.Methods: 71 consecutive non-diabetic patients with prolactinoma were enrolled. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and laboratory tests including TyG index were measured for each patient. Then, treatment with cabergoline was started for each patient and continued for 6 months. Anthropometric and laboratory tests were repeated every 3 months to evaluate the effects of cabergoline treatment. Results: At the baseline examination, the mean (SD) age, BMI, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of patients were 36.2 (10.5) years, 29.2 (5.0) kg/m2, 98.2 (13.7) cm, 115.3 (13.3) mmHg, and 71.4 (8.1) mmHg, respectively. Furthermore, men were older and had higher values for BMI, WC, SBP, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence compared to women. Cabergoline treatment significantly improved anthropometric and metabolic measures including BMI, WC, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid (only among women), TyG index, and hypogonadism, while no significant change was detected in SBP and DBP. No significant change was found in Mets syndrome prevalence among women whereas the declining trend from baseline to 3-month evaluation was significant among men. Conclusion: Short-term treatment with cabergoline can significantly improve cardiovascular risk factors except for blood pressure. Moreover, the TyG index as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance decreased significantly after the reduction of prolactin by treatment. Generally, results were similar among both genders.
In silico screening of Daphne tangutica Maxim plant for their bio-active phytochemicals as type 2 diabetes potential inhibitors
Authors: Nazir Hafiza Ayesha , Shafiq Nusrat , Arshad Uzma , Zameer Rabia , Yasmin Farah , Imtiaz Fazeelat , Rashid Maryam , Parveen Shagufta , Nisar Bushra , Khan Jallat
Published: May 2022

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Previously before the invention of virtual screening methods or techniques almost 80% of drugs were obtained from natural resources or compounds obtained from these sources. Plant species of the genus Daphne have historical background as a source of bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids including daphnodorins which have been found to possess significant chemotaxonomic value in drug discovery. Aim of the study: Their comprehensive pharmacological, phytochemical, biological, various catalytic activities and clinical uses have prompted us to conduct the optimization and structure based virtual screening of its potent analogues. The aim of this work is to investigate the use of daphnodorins analogues for the first time as anti-diabetic inhibitors on the basis of significant features by computational analysis.Materials and methods: A dataset of 38 compounds was selected from authentic database i.e., PubChem and ZINC database for computational analysis and quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR). Optimized compounds were docked against various co-crystallized structures of inhibitors, antagonists and receptors were downloaded from PDB by implicating AutoDock Vina, Discovery studio 2020, PYMOL (Schrodinger). After performing molecular docking compounds of desired threshold were analyzed by ADMET studies through Swiss ADMET, ADMET SAR, ADMET lab and ProTox-II for investigating their drug-like nature. Elaboration of electronic structures of hit compounds was carried out using Gaussian 09W by intimating Density Functional Theory (DFT).Results: At significant phases of drug design approaches regular use of molecular docking has helped to promote the separation of important representatives from 38 pharmaceutically active compounds and 14 compounds were selected as lead compounds which were analyzed through ADMET studies for identifying their drug like properties and toxicity. Dataset of these 14 hit compounds was subjected for measuring significant parameters such as dipole moment, electronic energy, energy of Frontier Molecular Orbitals (FMO) and hardness of molecules by performing DFT as a result, one compound was selected as lead compound for anti-diabetic agent.
Association between maternal employment and the child's mental health: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Kopp Marie , Lindauer Marina , Garthus-Niegel Susan
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Especially during infancy and early childhood the role of maternal employment for child mental health problems has been investigated. This systematic review with meta-analysis covers very recent evidence on the variables’ of interest association. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted. Studies had to compare children 0–7 years of age dependent on their mothers’ employment status, working amount, employment duration, or timing. Behavior problems, prosocial behavior, and subordinate measures, e.g., aggression, constituted child mental health outcomes. Following qualitative syntheses of evidence for the outcomes under investigation respective meta-analyses were conducted, if possible. Results: Being employed was associated with more conduct problems but less internalizing behavior problems; full-time employment was linked to more externalizing behavior problems and more hyperactivity/inattention. Longer employment duration was related to less (internalizing) behavior problems and more prosocial behavior but also more externalizing behavior problems. Qualitative syntheses indicated early maternal return to work to be associated with more externalizing behavior problems and less prosocial behavior. Discussion: Whether maternal employment is associated with child mental health strongly depends on the operationalization of maternal employment and the outcome under investigation. Especially part-time employment, longer employment duration, and return to work only after the first year postpartum may be beneficial for child mental health. Practical implications pertain an expanded offer of family leave and to the endorsement of maternal employment after the first year postpartum under consideration of factors that may buffer the negative associations with full-time employment.
The effect of temperature field on the characteristics of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites in the laying and shaping process
Authors: Zhao Fuhai , Liu Zhiqiang , Chen Rifan , Hao Yi , Ma Zhihao
Published: May 2022

The temperature field during the automated lay-up of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites is investigated in this work. The heat transfer boundary conditions of the lay-up process are determined by establishing a mathematical model of the temperature field; the basic properties of the material are determined using CF/PEEK as the research object; the heat transfer parameters in the temperature field are analyzed to determine the thermal convection region affected by hot air and the radiated heat of the infrared lamp; and a finite element model of the temperature field is established.The FEM temperature field model was created to investigate heat transfer throughout the lay-up process, as well as the impact of mold heating, lay-up preheating, and varied heating temperatures on different lay-ups. The temperature change law of different lay-ups under different heating and preheating temperatures of hot air is analyzed; the online temperature measurement device is built, and the automatic lay-up experiment is carried out to analyze the heating performance of infrared lamp and hot air gun and to determine their relevant parameters.
Using the results of experiments and simulations, it has been determined that different mold temperatures are required for different lay-ups; preheating can effectively reduce the temperature gradient between lay-ups; and at a lay-up speed of 5mm/s, a preheating temperature of 200°C and a hot air temperature above 400°C can ensure that the critical temperature between the prepreg wire bundle and lay-ups reaches the melting point and can be laid up normally.
Research on Characteristics and Influencing Factors of the Spatial Distribution of the ICG in the Yellow River Basin of China
Authors: Nie Xin , xie Yong , xie Xiaoxiao , Zheng Lunxing
Published: May 2022

This paper explores the characteristics and influencing factors of the spatial distribution of 889 national intangible cultural heritage in the Yellow River basin of China based on ArcGIS spatial analysis and Geodetector. The results show that the distribution of national intangible cultural heritage items in the Yellow River basin is significantly different among provinces, and most of them are distributed in central and western regions. From east to west, the density of intangible heritage in the Yellow River basin presents a "triangular" pattern of "one area and three points". All kinds of intangible cultural heritage in the Yellow River basin generally show the characteristic of aggregated distribution. Traditional skills, traditional medicine, traditional theatre, traditional music, and folklore have high levels of agglomeration, and traditional dance, Quyi, folk literature, and traditional fine arts have relatively lower levels. The level of traditional sports, entertainment and acrobatics is the lowest. Among social and humanistic factors, highway density is the most influential indicator for the spatial distribution of national intangible cultural heritage in the Yellow River basin. The GDP, population density and urbanization level also have a great impact on the spatial distribution of national intangible cultural heritage in the Yellow River basin. Among geographical environment factors, the river system and topography have a certain effect on the spatial distribution of national intangible cultural heritage in the Yellow River basin. Based on those facts, this paper finally discusses the specific path to protect and develop intangible cultural heritage in the Yellow River basin under the background of the new era, in order to promote its creative protection and innovative development.
Distinguished prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in schistosomal and non-schistosomal colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Weixia , Zhang Yingyi , Liu Jican , Jing Hongyan , Lu Kui , Wang Limei , Zhu Ting , Xu Yanchao , Bu Dacheng , Cheng Meihong , Liu Jing , Shen Weidong , Yao Junxia , Huang Sinian
Published: May 2022

Aim: To investigate the relationship between schistosomiasis and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and the prognostic value of the TILs in schistosomal colorectal cancer (CRC).Background: Although schistosomiasis has been basically eliminated, it has not been completely extinction in China and occasional outbreaks occur in Europe recently. The relationship between schistosomiasis and CRC is still obscure, and the inflammation based prognostic systems of schistosomal colorectal (SCRC) has rarely been reported.Methods: HE-stained sections of 351 CRC tumours, which were completely resected, were evaluated for density of total TILs (tTILs). Meanwhile, CD3+T lymphocytes and CD20+B lymphocytes were detected by immunochemistry. The relationship of these infiltrating immune cells with clinicopathological features, including schistosomiasis, and clinical outcomes were evaluated and the prognostic role of TILs in SCRC was explored.Results: Total TILs were negatively correlated with tumor size，pathological T stage, lymph node metastasis and number of tumor budding (p＜0.05). CD3+ T cell density was also inversely associated with tumor size, tumor budding and pathological T stage(p＜0.05). CD20+ B cells density was correlated with colonic perforin (p=0.034). In the whole cohort, multivariate analysis identified Schistosomiasis, tTILs and CD3 and CD20 as independent prognostic factors (p < 0.05). Patients were divided into two groups based on schistosomal infection status: Schistosomal CRC (SCRC set) and Non-schistosomal CRC (NSCRC set). Both tTILs (p=0.009) and CD3 (p=0.002) were independent prognostic factors in the NSCRC set. However, merely CD3 (p=0.0016) was independent predictor in the SCRC set. Conclusion: The prognostic roles of total TILs, and CD3+ T and CD20+ B cell were different in CRC patients with and without schistosomiasis, suggesting distinguished roles in the immune microenvironment in SCRC and NSCRC patients.
Development of microbial communities in biofilm and activated sludge in a hybrid reactor
Authors: Godzieba Martyna , Zubrowska-Sudol Monika , Walczak Justyna , Ciesielski Slawomir
Published: May 2022

Microorganisms play a key role in biological wastewater treatment. The form in which biomass develops is related to the structure of its microbiome and determines the efficiency of organic compound conversion. However, the results of studies comparing the microbial communities in biofilm and activated sludge are often conflicting. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the composition and development of the bacterial communities in biofilm and activated sludge in a hybrid reactor. The Chao1 and Shannon biodiversity indices indicated that the biofilm bacterial community is richer and more diverse than the activated sludge community. The bacterial composition of the biofilm differed from that of the suspended biomass, although some core groups of bacteria (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota and Acidobacteriota) were highly abundant in both types of biomass. The biofilm was more diverse in terms of bacterial composition and a better environment for the development of nitrifiers (e.g., Nitrospira, Nitrosomonas) and phosphorus accumulating organisms (Candidatus Accumulibacter). Bacteria in the biofilm network had more connections with each other than those in the suspended biomass network. These results indicate that the genera present in the biofilm interact with each other to a greater degree than those in the suspended biomass.
Calpain-dependent degradation of cytoskeletal proteins as a key mechanism for a reduction in intrinsic passive stiffness of unloaded rat postural muscle
Authors: Melnikov Ivan Y. , Tyganov Sergey A. , Sharlo Kristina A. , Ulanova Anna D. , Vikhlyantsev Ivan M. , Mirzoev Timur M. , Shenkman Boris S.
Published: May 2022

In mammals, prolonged mechanical unloading results in a significant decrease in passive stiffness of postural muscles. The nature of this phenomenon remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible causes for a reduction in rat soleus passive stiffness after 7 and 14 days of unloading (hindlimb suspension, HS). We hypothesized that HS-induced decrease in passive stiffness would be associated with calpain-dependent degradation of cytoskeletal proteins or a decrease in actomyosin interaction. Wistar rats were subjected to HS for 7 and 14 days with or without PD150606 (calpain inhibitor) treatment. Soleus muscles were subjected to biochemical studies and ex vivo measurements of passive tension with or without blebbistatin treatment (an inhibitor of actomyosin interactions). Passive tension of isolated soleus muscle significantly reduced after 7- and 14-day HS compared to control values. PD150606 treatment during 7- and 14-day HS induced an increase in alpha-actinin-2 and − 3, desmin contents compared to control, partly prevented a decrease in intact titin (T1) content and prevented a decrease in soleus passive tension. Incubation of soleus muscle with blebbistatin did not affect HS-induced reductions in specific passive tension in soleus muscle. Our study suggests that calpain-dependent breakdown of cytoskeletal proteins, but not a change in actomyosin interaction, significantly contributes to unloading-induced reductions in intrinsic passive stiffness of rat soleus muscle.
One-stage posterior surgery combined with anti-Brucella therapy in the management of lumbosacral brucellosis spondylitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Luan Haopeng , Liu Kai , Deng Xiaonan , Sheng Weibin , Maimaiti Maierdan , Guo Hailong , Li Huaqiang , Deng Qiang
Published: May 2022

Background
This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of one-stage posterior surgery combined with anti-Brucella therapy in the treatment of lumbosacral brucellosis spondylitis (LBS).
Methods
From June 2010 to June 2020, the Clinical and radiographic data of patients with LBS treated by one-stage posterior surgery combined with anti-Brucella therapy were retrospectively analyzed. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Frankel classification system, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scale, and Bridwell grading system were utilized to evaluate the results of preoperative and postoperative recovery.
Results
A total of 55 patients who met the criteria were included in this study with a mean postoperative follow-up time of 2.6 ± 0.8 years. There were 40 males and 15 females with a mean age of 39.8 ± 14.7 years. The preoperative Brucella agglutination test was ≥ 1: 160 in all patients, but the blood culture was positive in 43 patients (78.1%). ESR and CRP returned to normal at 3 postoperative months, and a statistical difference was observed between the preoperative vs. three postoperative months (P < 0.05), and the preoperative vs. final follow-up (P < 0.05). VAS, ODI, and JOA scores of the preoperative were improved after surgery, there was a statistical difference in the comparison with three postoperative months, and final follow-up (P < 0.05). The satisfactory recovery of lower limb motor function was received in 53 patients (96.3%) after surgery. None of the infestation recurrences was observed.
Conclusions
One-stage posterior surgery combined with anti-brucella therapy is a practical method in the treatment of LBS with severe neurological compression and spine sagittal imbalance.