bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In tune
Authors: Russell Meredith Jones
Published: March 2018

How a project in London is training early years practitioners to deliver quality music opportunities for children. By Meredith Jones Russell
Essential experiences… wind and flight
Authors: Tassoni Penny
Published: March 2018

From blowing bubbles outdoors to operating a kite, there are several ways to learn about wind and things that fly, explains Penny Tassoni
Shadow role
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: March 2018

Job-shadowing in settings both at home and abroad can be a great way to share best practice, reflect on one's own way of doing things and encourage CPD. Annette Rawstrone reports
Reality check
Authors: Goddard Charlotte
Published: March 2018

The Integrated Review has received a mixed response from settings in terms of the effectiveness of its impact on identifying developmental problems early. Charlotte Goddard reports
Low-cost Pupil Premium strategies
Authors: Dabell John
Published: March 2018

Some schools are using the Pupil Premium to plug holes in their general funding. John Dabell warns against this approach and offers 25 low-cost ways to spend the Pupil Premium and make maximum impact
A 10-step strategy
Authors: Dabell John
Published: March 2018

All schools should be regularly reviewing their Pupil Premium practice to ensure their spending is evidence-based and improving outcomes. John Dabell looks at the wealth of research and guidance out there to help, including some of Sir John Dunford's best advice
Create a strategy, grow a culture
Authors: Rollett Stephen
Published: March 2018

Ahead of his address at SecEd's National Pupil Premium and Ofsted Conference, Stephen Rollett offers five steps for ensuring your Pupil Premium spending narrows the gap
Murgie: the fortified Bruttian site (Crotone, Calabria)
Authors: Fabrizio Maria Oliverio
Published: March 2018

We have begun this work in the hopes of studying the specifics of all the previous investigations of archaeological excavations and historical cartography sites, according to the information provided by the common technical ofﬁces of Strongoli and tools used in the province of Crotone, such as aerial photography, blueprints and all of the cartography related to the plateau of Murgie and all areas within its limits. The area of Murgie was ﬁrst identified by Juliette De La Genière in 1971 and later some recoveries were made by the superintendent for archaeological heritage in 1976 and by regular excavations in 1983, 1988 and 1990.The oldest recovered items in the plateau probably date back to the end of the Paleolithic era, in addition to some fragments of the ﬂint industry. As far as the 4th – 3rd centuries B.C. are concerned, they are the most prolific in producing artifacts and in terms of demographical growth of the area. The most recent evidence is a whole brick found during a survey and it can be compared to other examples which come from Crotone’s higher topographical areas dating back to the 2nd century B.C.. To carry out this analysis we used sophisticated tools such as centimetric GPS and total stations. Through this work, we have investigated and identified all the Bruttian era’s defense systems, and moreover we have investigated how it relates to the plateau and its building methods.

During the survey in the field, many obstacles turned up because of the thick vegetation and the cultivation in this area, treating of agricultural grounds, and changes in the ground because of the use of mechanical means in the area. This research has given new data and information which has added to the research carried out last century and that should be completed with a real campaign of stratigraphic excavation.
Landscape and Citizens during the early Roman era in Northern Epirus: Phoinike and the Chaonia region (2nd BC-2nd AD)
Authors: Enrico Giorgi
Published: March 2018

For a long time the study of the landscape of Chaonia (northern region of Epirus) under Roman rule has been focused essentially on the territory of Butrint, while the wider studies of this region have often favoured the Hellenistic age. The research of the last few years has opened up new study perspectives that have allowed us to re-evaluate the development of cities such as Phoinike, Bouthrotum, Hadrianopolis and their territories in the Roman age. Similar historical parables can also be seen in other sites nearby. At the beginning of the 1st and 2nd century AD some important developments took place in urban areas and in the surrounding landscape, when it comes to, for example, the viability and the agricultural infrastructures. These dynamics were part of important changes that took place after the end of the Macedonian wars in the 2nd century BC, and possibly even before, when Rome first got interested in this area of peripheral Greece in the last decades of the 3rd century BC.
Agieren und Handeln
Authors: Pechriggl Alice
Published: March 2018

Ausgehend von Freuds Begriff des unbewussten Agierens spannt Alice Pechriggl ein semantisches Feld auf, in dem das Begriffspaar »Freiheit zu Handeln - Zwang zu Agieren« mit dem überkreuz gelegten Begriffspaar »freies Agieren - Handlungszwang/ Zwangshandlung« verknüpft wird. In sieben Anläufen entwirft sie unterschiedliche Szenarien dieses Spannungsfeldes und betrachtet dabei Denkakte zwischen Agieren und Deliberatio, Psyche und Körper als Handlungsschauplätze sowie Demokratie als die Regierungsform des deliberativen Handelns. Menschliches Handeln wird im breiteren Kontext unbewussten Agierens sowohl aus philosophischer als auch aus gruppen-/psychoanalytischer Perspektive erhellt.
Impact of Official Matches on Soccer Referees’ Power Performance
Authors: Castillo Daniel , Yanci Javier , Cámara Jesús
Published: March 2018

The evaluation of match officials’ neuromuscular performance is now an important consideration and the vertical jump test is considered suitable for assessing lower limb power, partly because it is directly related to refereeing. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the effect of soccer matches on match officials’ vertical jump performance by assessing various biomechanical variables. Eighteen field referees (FRs) and 36 assistant referees (ARs) who officiated in 18 official matches participated in this study. Before the match, at half time and immediately after the match, officials performed two countermovement jumps. Flight phase time (FT), maximum force production (MFpropulsion), time to production of maximum force (TMFpropulsion), production of maximum power (MP), maximum landing force (MFlanding) and time to stabilization (TTS) were calculated for all jumps. There was a tendency for match officials’ jumping performance to improve after matches than beforehand (FR: effect size (ES) = 0.19 ± 0.36, possibly trivial; AR: ES = 0.07 ± 0.17, likely trivial). There were also likely small and very likely moderate differences between FRs’ MP in pre-match and half-time jumps (ES = 0.46 ± 0.47) and in their pre- and post-match jumps (ES = 0.71 ± 0.48). These results indicate that refereeing soccer matches does not reduce vertical jump performance; the subsequent neuromuscular fatigue is not sufficient to affect landing technique.
Variance In Prominence Levels and in Patterns of Passing Sequences in Elite and Youth Soccer Players: A Network Approach
Authors: Mendes Bruno , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Maurício Nuno
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study was to quantify the prominence levels of elite and highly competitive young soccer players. This study also analyzed the variation in general network properties at different competitive levels and periods of the season. A total of 132 matches, played by 28 teams during the 2015/2016 season, were analyzed. The results revealed significant differences in the composition of general network measures considering the competitive level (p = 0.002; ES = 0.077) and according to the location of the match (p = 0.001; ES = 0.147). There were positive correlations between network density and the final score (ρ = 0.172) and negative correlations between network density and goals conceded (ρ = - 0.300). Significant differences in the composite of centralities were found between positions (p = 0.001; ES = 0.293; moderate effect) and the location of the match (p = 0.001; ES = 0.013; no effect). This revealed that the general properties of cooperation increased with the competitive level, improved during the middle of the season and were better in home matches. Midfielders were most prominent players in elite and U19 teams in the mid-season and central defenders had the most prominent centralities in U17 and U15 during the early and late periods of the season.
Variables that Predict Serve Efficacy in Elite Men’s Volleyball with Different Quality of Opposition Sets
Authors: Valhondo Álvaro , Fernández-Echeverría Carmen , González-Silva Jara , Claver Fernando , Moreno M. Perla
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the variables that predicted serve efficacy in elite men’s volleyball, in sets with different quality of opposition. 3292 serve actions were analysed, of which 2254 were carried out in high quality of opposition sets and 1038 actions were in low quality of opposition sets, corresponding to a total of 24 matches played during the Men’s European Volleyball Championships held in 2011. The independent variables considered in this study were the serve zone, serve type, serving player, serve direction, reception zone, receiving player and reception type; the dependent variable was serve efficacy and the situational variable was quality of opposition sets. The variables that acted as predictors in both high and low quality of opposition sets were the serving player, reception zone and reception type. The serve type variable only acted as a predictor in high quality of opposition sets, while the serve zone variable only acted as a predictor in low quality of opposition sets. These results may provide important guidance in men’s volleyball training processes.
Competition Field Perceptions of Table-tennis Athletes and their Performance
Authors: Liu Ying-Chieh , Wang Ming-Yueh , Hsu Chi-Yueh
Published: March 2018

The distinction between positive and negative perceptions is fundamental in perception models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between field perceptions of table tennis players and the outcome (net result) during the matches in a competition. Experimental data were collected from 10 elite table tennis players and analysed. The results addressed the following three competition field perceptions: (1) before the service, the player’s positive perceptions had significant effect on the positive outcome (winning rate) of that service; (2) the perception after the net result of the previous service increased the positive outcome of the next service, and (3) the player’s positive/negative perception during the matches affected the win/loss outcome of that competition. In conclusion, the player’s positive perceptions enhanced their winning rate during table tennis competitions. Therefore, during the training program, coaches need to develop positive perceptions and strengthen the psychological quality of table tennis players.
Motivational Climate Sport Youth Scale: Measurement Invariance Across Gender and Five Different Sports
Authors: Monteiro Diogo , Borrego Carla Chicau , Silva Carlos , Moutão João , Marinho Daniel Almeida , Cid Luís
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Motivational Climate Sport Youth Scale (MCSYSp) and invariance across gender and different sports (swimming, soccer, handball, basketball, futsal). A total of 4,569 athletes (3,053 males, 1,516 females) from soccer (1,098), swimming (1,049), basketball (1,754), futsal (340), and handball (328) participated in this study, with ages between 10 and 20 years (M = 15.13; SD = 1.95). The results show that the original model (two factors/12 items) did not adjust to the data in a satisfactory way; therefore, it was necessary to change the model by removing four items (two from each factor). Subsequently, the model adjusted to the data in a satisfactory way (χ2 = 499.84; df = 19; χ2/df = 26.30; p < .001; SRMR = .037; TLI = .923; CFI = .948; RMSEA = .074; IC90% .069–.080) and was invariant by gender and team sports (soccer, handball, basketball, futsal) (ΔCFK≤.01); however, it was not invariant between swimming and team sports (soccer, handball, basketball, futsal) (ΔCFI ≥ .01). In conclusion, the MCSYSp (two factors/eight items) is a valid and reliable choice that is transversal not only to gender, but also to the different studied team sports to measure the perception of the motivational climate in athletes. Future studies can research more deeply the invariance analysis between individual sports to better understand the invariance of the model between individual and team sports.
Fatigue Responses in Various Muscle Groups in Well-Trained Competitive Male Players after a Simulated Soccer Game
Authors: Fransson Dan , Vigh-Larsen Jeppe Foged , Fatouros Ioannis G. , Krustrup Peter , Mohr Magni
Published: March 2018

We examined the degree of post-game fatigue and the recovery pattern in various leg and upper-body muscle groups after a simulated soccer game. Well-trained competitive male soccer players (n = 12) participated in the study. The players completed the Copenhagen Soccer Test, a 2 x 45 min simulated soccer protocol, following baseline measures of maximal voluntary contractions of multiple muscle groups and systemic markers of muscle damage and inflammation at 0, 24 and 48 h into recovery. All muscle groups had a strength decrement (p ≤ 0.05) at 0 h post-match with knee flexors (14 ± 3%) and hip abductors (6 ± 1%) demonstrating the largest and smallest impairment. However, 24 h into recovery all individual muscles had recovered. When pooled in specific muscle groups, the trunk muscles and knee joint muscles presented the largest decline 0 h post-match, 11 ± 2% for both, with the performance decrement still persistent (4 ± 1%, p ≤ 0.05) for trunk muscles 24 h into recovery. Large inter-player variations were observed in game-induced fatigue and recovery patterns in the various muscle groups. Markers of muscle damage and inflammation peaked 0 h post-match (myoglobin) and 24 h into recovery (creatine kinase), respectively, but thereafter returned to baseline. Intermittent test performance correlated with creatine kinase activity 24 h after the Copenhagen Soccer Test (r = -0.70; p = 0.02). In conclusion, post-game fatigue is evident in multiple muscle groups with knee flexors showing the greatest performance decrement. Fatigue and recovery patterns vary markedly between muscle groups and players, yet trunk muscles display the slowest recovery.
Urinary Steroid Profile in Ironman Triathletes
Authors: Marcos-Serrano Marta , Olcina Guillermo , Crespo Carmen , Brooks Darrell , Timon Rafael
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study was to determine variations in the urinary steroid profile of triathletes following an Ironman event. A total of 10 male participants (age = 36.0 ± 1.27 years; body height = 179.29 ± 10.77 cm; body mass = 74.50 ± 1.04 kg) completed an Ironman Championship. Urine samples were collected before, immediately after, and 24 hours following the race. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to detect and quantify catabolic and anabolic hormones: Androsterone, Dehydroepiandrosteone (DHEA), Androstenedione and Testosterone (T), Betaestradiol, Estrone, Progesterone, Cortisol (C), Cortisone, Tetrahydrocortisol (THE) and Tetrahydrocortisone (THF). These were measured in their glucuroconjugated and free forms. Androsterone (3297.80 ± 756.83 vs. 2154.26 ± 1375.38), DHEA (47.80 ± 19.21 vs. 32.62 ± 15.96) and Beta-estradiol (59.36 ± 11.7 vs. 41.67 ± 10.59) levels decreased after the event. The significant decrease of DHEA (47.80 ± 19.21 vs. 32.11 ± 14.03) remained at 24 hours. Cortisol (200.38 ± 56.60 vs. 257.10 ± 74.00) and THE (238.65 ± 81.55 vs. 289.62 ± 77.13) increased after exercise and remained elevated 24 hours later (200.38 ± 56.60 vs. 252.48 ± 62.09; 238.65 ± 81.55 vs. 284.20 ± 66.66). The following anabolic/catabolic ratios fell after exercise: T/C (0.85 ± 0.54 vs. 0.54 ± 0.29), T/THE (0.66 ± 0.29 vs. 0.40 ± 0.08), T/THE+THF (0.38 ± 0.17 vs. 0.24 ± 0.06), DHEA/THE (0.22 ± 0.05 vs. 0.12 ± 0.05), DHEA/THF (0.34 ± 0.02 vs. 0.21 ± 0.01) and DHEA/THE+THF (0.12 ± 0.02 vs. 0.08 ± 0.03). The steroid profile showed that athletes were fatigued after finishing the competition and a catabolic state remained 24 hours later.
The Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Gaming on Cognitive Performance
Authors: Douris Peter C. , Handrakis John P. , Apergis Demitra , Mangus Robert B. , Patel Rima , Limtao Jessica , Platonova Svetlana , Gregorio Aladino , Luty Elliot
Published: March 2018

The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of video gaming, aerobic exercise (biking), and the combination of these two activities on the domains of cognitive performance: selective attention, processing speed, and executive functioning. The study was a randomized clinical trial with 40 subjects (mean age 23.7 ± 1.8 years) randomized to one of four thirty-minute conditions: video gaming, biking, simultaneous gaming and biking, and a control condition. Cognitive performance was measured pre and post condition using the Stroop test and Trails B test. A mixed design was utilized. While video gaming, biking, simultaneous gaming and biking conditions improved selective attention and processing speed (p < 0.05), only the bike condition improved the highest order of cognitive performance, executive function (p < 0.01). There were no changes in cognitive performance for the control condition. Previous studies have shown that if tasks approach the limits of attentional capacity there is an increase in the overall chance for errors, known as the dual-task deficit. Simultaneous biking and gaming may have surpassed attentional capacity limits, ultimately increasing errors during the executive function tests of our cognitive performance battery. The results suggest that the fatiguing effects of a combined physically and mentally challenging task that extends after the exercise cessation may overcome the eventual beneficial cognitive effects derived from the physical exercise.
Kinetics Study and Parametric Sensitivity Analysis of Esterification of Butyric Acid with Benzyl Alcohol: A Taguchi Methodology Approach
Authors: Khudsange Chandrakant R. , Wasewar Kailas L.
Published: March 2018

The liquid phase esterification of butyric acid with benzyl alcohol was studied using homogenous catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid. The reversible second order rate equation was used to investigate the kinetic parameters of the reaction. The L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi methodology was employed to study the parametric effect independent variables on the responses equilibrium constant (Keq) and conversion (Xeq) of butyric acid. The parameters and their range such as catalyst concentration (0.5–1.5 wt%), temperature (333–363 K) and molar ratio (1–3) was used and considered as independent parameters for parametric sensitivity analysis. Non-ideal behavior of the reaction was studied using UNIFAC group contribution method. The effect of reaction temperature on the overall activity factor was studied. The relative parametric effect on theKeqandXeqwas found. In sensitivity analysis, temperature and molar ratio was the most influencing parameter on theKeqandXeq. The regression model was developed and validate by performing unknown experiments.
Population Balances Involving Aggregation and Breakage Through Homotopy Approaches
Authors: Dutta Abhishek , Pınar Zehra , Constales Denis , Öziş Turgut
Published: March 2018

Homotopy techniques in nonlinear problems are getting increasingly popular in engineering practice. The main reason is because the homotopy method deforms continuously a difficult problem under study into a simple problem, which then can be easy to solve. This study explores several homotopy approaches to obtain semi- or approximate analytical solutions for various cases involving mechanistic phenomena such as aggregation and breakage. The well-established approximate analytical methods namely, the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM), the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM), and the more recent forms of homotopy approaches such as the Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM) and the Homotopy Analysis Transform Method (HATM) have been used to solve using a general mathematical framework based on population balances. In this study, several test cases have been discussed such as conditions in which the aggregation kernel is not only constant, but also sum or product dependent. Furthermore cases involving pure breakage, pure aggregation and a combined aggregation-breakage have been studied to understand the sensitivity of these homotopy-based methods in solving PBM. In all these cases, the solutions have been analytically studied and compared with literature. Using symbolic computation and carefully chosen perturbation parameters, the approximate analytical solutions are compared with each other and with the available analytical solution. A convergence analysis of the solution methods is made in comparison to the available solution. The case studies indicate that OHAM performs slightly better than both HATM and HPM in solving nonlinear equations such as the PBEs.
Instructional methods in computing education judged by computer science teachers and educational experts
Authors: Zendler Andreas
Published: March 2018

Answers to the questions of which instructional methods are suitable for school, what instructional methods should be applied in teaching individual subjects and how instructional methods support the act of learning represent challenges to general education and education in individual subjects. This article focuses on empirical examinations of instructional methods for computer science education supporting knowledge processes in the act of learning and their integration into the context of significant learning theories. The results of this article show that certain instructional methods are especially predestined for computer science education. They can also be attributed to behavioristic, cognitivist and constructivist learning theories; they are thereby localized and can profit from the empirical findings of the learning theories, especially in practical use on teaching computer science.
Tensions in specifying computing curricula for K-12: Towards a principled approach for objectives
Authors: Webb Mary E. , Bell Tim , Davis Niki , Katz Yaacov J. , Fluck Andrew , Sysło Maciej M. , Kalaš Ivan , Cox Margaret , Angeli Charoula , Malyn-Smith Joyce , Brinda Torsten , Micheuz Peter , Brodnik Andrej
Published: March 2018

In this article we examine key issues and tensions for developing and specifying Computing-related elements of curricula design, particularly the role of Computer Science in the curriculum. The article is based on a series of discussions and analyses of curriculum design across various countries with different approaches and traditions of Computing in the curriculum.
Transient international groups (TIGs): exploring the group and development dimension of ELF
Authors: Pitzl Marie-Luise
Published: March 2018

In the past years, it has become generally accepted that the social dynamics of ELF cannot be captured by the notion of a speech community. Instead, the concept Community of Practice (CoP) has gained widespread currency in ELF research. While applications of the CoP framework have given rise to valuable insights, even ELF scholars who work with the concept often acknowledge its limitations. Since factors like situationality and ad hoc negotiation are seen as particularly important in ELF interactions, many ELF researchers have recently emphasized the transient and dynamic nature of the social clusters in which ELF communication typically takes place, especially in light of the multilingualism and language contact. This paper offers a first sketch of how the social dimension of ELF might on many occasions be conceptualized as involving Transient International Groups (TIGs) rather than more stable CoPs. Building on the idea that the Individual Multilingual Repertoires (IMRs) of ELF speakers make up a Multilingual Resource Pool (MRP) in each ELF interaction, the paper argues that ELF theory-building and descriptive work would benefit from exploring the group and the development dimension of ELF more thoroughly than has been done so far. In support, the paper provides a qualitative case study of a TIG in the leisure domain of VOICE. This case study illustrates how an in-depth micro-diachronic analysis of multilingual practices and instances of explicit reference to languages, countries, places, etc., can make visible the group’s development of shared translingual and transcultural territory.
“You are struggling forwards, and you don’t know, and then you … you do code-switching…” – Code-switching in ELF Skype conversations
Authors: Brunner Marie-Louise , Diemer Stefan
Published: March 2018

This article analyzes how code-switching (CS) is used as a key strategy in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) interaction. We use data from CASE, a corpus of ELF Skype conversations in an informal setting between students from nine European countries. CS in our data is commonly used as a communication strategy. A quantitative analysis shows that it occurs in the majority of conversations and across all nationalities. Participants mostly switch to their own L1, frequently also to their interlocutors’ L1, rarely to other languages. CS co-occurs with other discourse features, in particular other instances of CS and laughter. Based on a qualitative analysis, we distinguish three motivations and functions of CS: On aninterpersonal level, CS can underline group membership or cultural identity and create rapport, often in combination with laughter. CS is used to improve communication at thediscourse levelby conveying concepts that are untranslatable and possibly unknown to the interlocutor, in metalinguistic commentary, or to close lexical gaps. CS can also be used foraddressee specification. Through its combined qualitative and quantitative approach, the article aims at contributing to the analysis of the context as well as the motivations and functions of CS in ELF.
Language practices and policies in conflict: an ELF perspective on international military communication
Authors: Orna-Montesinos Concepción
Published: March 2018

Ensuring linguistic operability in supranational organizations has led to thede factoimposition of an English-only policy in otherwise lingua-culturally diverse environments. This paper uses a combination of a literature review of military-related language policy documents and semi-structured interviews to explore the impact of those policies on the use of English as the working language of a professional context, the Spanish military. Broadly, the findings show that the standardization of linguistic certification procedures, a requirement for their participation in international operations, places these professionals in a disadvantage scenario in which lack of linguistic proficiency translates into the questioning of their personal, professional and institutional validity. The analysis of Spanish soldiers’ perceptions and attitudes helped to shed light on the conflicting interaction of language policies, practices and beliefs. Although English is valued as the language of work and therefore as a vehicle for interaction with other armies, for socialization or for contact with the local population, it is nonetheless viewed as an imposition of the globalized world, accepted with pragmatic and instrumental criteria, which entails the requirement of language certification standards they struggle to meet.
The use of English as a lingua franca in the Japanese second language classroom
Authors: Turnbull Blake
Published: March 2018

Despite the growing interest surrounding the use and role of the first language in the second language classroom, the vast majority of research in the field has been conducted in classrooms where English is taught as a second language in English-speaking countries. Very little research has investigated the role of English as a lingua franca (ELF) in other language learning environments, such as those in which Japanese is learnt as a second language (JSL) in Japan. This paper investigates the purposes for which ELF is employed, and the perspectives of learners from multilingual and multicultural backgrounds on the use of ELF, in the JSL classroom. The findings show that English is employed to varying degrees in relation to proficiency level, and that learners themselves are generally welcoming of this use. The author suggests that learners seek security and comfort in what they already know, with ELF easing the gap between their L1 and their developing Japanese skills.
Synthetic Biology Open Language Visual (SBOL Visual) Version 2.0
Authors: Cox Robert Sidney , Madsen Curtis , McLaughlin James , Nguyen Tramy , Roehner Nicholas , Bartley Bryan , Bhatia Swapnil , Bissell Mike , Clancy Kevin , Gorochowski Thomas , Grünberg Raik , Luna Augustin , Le Novère Nicolas , Pocock Matthew , Sauro Herbert , Sexton John T. , Stan Guy-Bart , Tabor Jeffrey J. , Voigt Christopher A. , Zundel Zach , Myers Chris , Beal Jacob , Wipat Anil
Published: March 2018

People who are engineering biological organisms often find it useful to communicate in diagrams, both about the structure of the nucleic acid sequences that they are engineering and about the functional relationships between sequence features and other molecular species. Some typical practices and conventions have begun to emerge for such diagrams. The Synthetic Biology Open Language Visual (SBOL Visual) has been developed as a standard for organizing and systematizing such conventions in order to produce a coherent language for expressing the structure and function of genetic designs. This document details version 2.0 of SBOL Visual, which builds on the prior SBOL Visual 1.0 standard by expanding diagram syntax to include functional interactions and molecular species, making the relationship between diagrams and the SBOL data model explicit, supporting families of symbol variants, clarifying a number of requirements and best practices, and significantly expanding the collection of diagram glyphs.
Predicting semi-regular patterns in morphologically complex words
Authors: Rosen Eric
Published: March 2018

We expect generative models of language to correctly predict surface forms from underlying forms, but morphologically complex words, especially compounds, can exhibit idiosyncratic outputs, which require an extra lexical listing. This results in (a) a poorer Minimum Description Length of our model and (b) failure of a grammar to capture patterning among exceptions. To solve an instance of this problem, we examine pitch-accent patterns of 2-mora-2-mora Japanese Yamato (native) noun-noun compounds, hitherto considered semi-predictable but which show gradient tendencies among constituents to trigger a particular accent pattern. In the framework of Gradient Symbolic Computation (Smolensky, Paul & Matthew Goldrick. 2015. Gradient symbolic computation. LSA Summer Institute Workshop. Chicago.), a type of harmonic grammar which allows partially activated feature values and weighted constraints, such gradient patterns can be captured through the additive combination of coalescing features on each conjunct, which results in a pitch accent when the summed activations surpass a threshold determined by the grammar. The ability of this framework to completely predict these semi-regular patterns holds promise that it can also explain similar kinds of patterns in other languages.
The Construction возьми и + Vimp: A Corpus-Based Study
Authors: Pöppel Ludmila
Published: March 2018

The object of the study is the construction [возьми и + Vimp] and its variants in the function of a narrative imperative. Purely semantically, this construction can be considered a partial realization of [взять и V], which permits various grammatical forms. It is not described separately in dictionaries but appears only in the zone of illustrative examples as a realization of the construction [взять и + V]. Formally, [возьми и + Vimp] as a narrative imperative is homonymous with the true imperative and occupies an intermediate position between the construction [взять и V] and an ordinary imperative, something that cannot help but be reflected in its semantics.

Studies and lexicographical sources have not treated questions concerning the filler of the Vimp slot, but note only that it requires a perfective verb. Using materials from the main corpus of the RNC (Russian National Corpus) and the Sketch Engine subcorpus ruTenTen, the goal of the present investigation is to identify and empirically substantiate some usage preferences for filling this slot. The findings of the corpus analysis enable us to identify a number of such choices. There is a tendency to select verbs of speaking.
Syntheses, structures, and catalytic properties of two arene-ruthenium(II) complexes bearing N-(2-pyridinyl)aminodiphenylphosphine sulfide ligands
Authors: Wu Fule , Gu Jiling , Chen Xin , Jia Ai-Quan , Zhang Qian-Feng
Published: March 2018

Treatment of [(arene)Ru(μ-Cl)Cl]2 with Ph2P(S)NH(2-py) in the presence or absence of base gave two arene-ruthenium(II) complexes [(η
6-p-cymene)Ru{κ
2-N,N-Ph2P(S)N(2-py)}Cl] (1) and [(η
6-benzene)Ru{κ
1-N-Ph2P(S)NH(2-py)}Cl2] (2), which have been characterized by infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and mass spectrometry along with microanalyses. Crystal structures of Ph2P(S)NH(2-py) · ¼C6H14, 1 and 2 · ½CH2Cl2 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Two arene-ruthenium(II) complexes were tested as precatalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone to give 1-phenyl ethanol.
Two-Dimensional Oxides: Recent Progress in Nanosheets
Authors: Hinterding Richard , Feldhoff Armin
Published: March 2018

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been widely investigated for the last few years, introducing nanosheets and ultrathin films. The often superior electrical, optical and mechanical properties in contrast to their three-dimensional (3D) bulk counterparts offer a promising field of opportunities. Especially new research fields for already existing and novel applications are opened by downsizing and improving the materials at the same time. Some of the most promising application fields are namely supercapacitors, electrochromic devices, (bio-) chemical sensors, photovoltaic devices, thermoelectrics, (photo-) catalysts and membranes. The role of oxides in this field of materials deserves a closer look due to their availability, durability and further advantages. Here, recent progress in oxidic nanosheets is highlighted and the benefit of 2D oxides for applications discussed in-depth. Therefore, different synthesis techniques and microstructures are compared more closely.
Using Project-Based Learning to Teach Phylogenetic Reconstruction for Advanced Undergraduate Biology Students: Molluscan Evolution as a Case Study
Authors: David Andrew A.
Published: March 2018

Phylogenetics plays a central role in understanding the evolution of life on Earth, and as a consequence, several active teaching strategies have been employed to aid students in grasping basic phylogenetic principles. Although many of these strategies have been designed to actively engage undergraduate biology students at the freshman level, less attention is given to designing challenges for advanced students. Here, I present a project-based learning (PBL) activity that was developed to teach phylogenetics for junior and senior-level biology students. This approach reinforces the theories and concepts that students have learned in their freshman courses along with incorporating Bioinformatics, which is essential for teaching zoology in the 21st century.
Penggunaan Alat Peraga untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Keaktifan Siswa Mata Diklat Matematika Materi Peluang Di Kelas X AP B Semester 2 SMK N 1 Bawen
Authors: Setyowati Nining , Susilo Bambang Eko , Masrukan Masrukan
Published: March 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan alat peraga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keaktifan siswa mata diklat matematika kompetensi menerapkan konsep teori peluang di kelas X AP B Semester 2 SMK Negeri 1 Bawen. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X AP B SMK Negeri 1 Bawen sebanyak 35 siswa. Prosedur penelitian dimulai dengan penetapan fokus masalah, perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan dan pengamatan, serta analisis dan refleksi. Teknik pngambilan data melalui teknik tes, observasi dan angket. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu penggunaan alat peraga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika dan keaktifan siswa dalam menerapkan konsep teori peluang siswa kelas X AP B SMK N 1 Bawen semester 2 tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Keadaan tersebut dibuktikan oleh hasil analisis data bahwa terjadi peningkatan nilai rata-rata dari 60,6 menjadi 85,4 dan peningkatan prosentase siswa yang tunta belajar, yaitu dari 57,15% menjadi 94,29%. Dari hasil tersebut disarankan sebaiknya guru mengembangkan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan alat peraga pada materi pelajaran yang lain dan guru cepat menganalisis setiap permasalahan yang ada dalam pembelajaran
Strategi Siswa dalam Mengerjakan Soal Kontekstual dengan Pendekatan Matematika Realistik Topik Persamaan Linear Satu Variabel
Authors: Romadoni Almu Noor , Rudhito M. Andy
Published: March 2018

Pendidikan Matematika Realistik merupakan pendekatan dalam pembelajaran matematika yang sesuai dengan paradigma pendidikan sekarang. Pendidikan Matematika Realistik menginginkan adanya perubahan dalam paradigma pembelajaran, yaitu dari paradigma mengajar menjadi paradigma belajar. Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR) mengutamakan pengenalan konsep melalui masalah kontekstual, hal-hal yang konkrit atau dari lingkungan sekitar dengan proses matematisasi oleh siswa dengan mengkonstruksikan idenya sendiri. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika realistik pada pokok bahasan persamaan linier satu variable. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, bahwa pemahaman konsep matematika siswa dengan pendekatan matematika realistik dapat di lihat bahwa secara keseluruhan kegiatan pembelajaran sudah sesuai dengan rancangan pembelajaran, siswa dapat mengkonstruksi sendiri konsep persamaan linear satu variable dan beberapa kelompok dapat menyelesaikan masalah konstektual sebalum diajarkan cara mengerjakan terlebih dahulu. Saran, sebagai tenaga pengajar hendaknya menciptakan suatu inovasi yang dapat mengembangkan bakat, menumbuhkan minat dan meningkatkan kebiasaan belajar siswa, sehingga konsep belajar matematika yang diperolehnya diharapkan lebih baik.Realistic Mathematics Education is an approach to learning mathematics in accordance with the current educational paradigm. Realistic Mathematics Education wants to change the paradigm of learning, from the paradigm of teaching to be learning. Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) prioritizing the introduction of concepts through contextual issues, things that are concrete or of the surrounding environment with a mathematical process by students with constructing his own. The purpose of this study was to describe how the process of implementation of realistic mathematics learning on the subject of one variable linear equations. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive. Based on the results of data analysis, that the understanding of math concepts students to approach realistic mathematics can be seen that the overall learning activities are in accordance with the lesson plan, students can construct their own concept of linear equations in one variable, and some groups can solve the contextual problem before teacher teach how to solve it first , Suggestions, as teachers should create an innovation that can make growing talent, cultivate interest and enhance the students' learning habits, so the concept is expected to study mathematics gained more better.
Where in the world can you find your ancestors?
Authors: Naukam Larry
Published: March 2018

There is a rising awareness of the tools of Geospatial Information Systems on the part of both amateur and professional historians. Professionals (historians, political and social scientists, and even medical historians) are able to see and think about various trends in a more visual and useful way to them (think of seeing how various diseases spread and where and why), while amateurs seeking more information of their ancestors can also benefit by seeing migration patterns and places of origin, which could help them think about why their ancestors left a place to immigrate to a new country.Knowing who controlled what land and when can make the task of finding appropriate records, for any purpose, a bit easier. Also mentioned are grass roots initiatives, that is, not created by governments or commercial organizations, but by local genealogical and historical groups. This brief overview, done primarily from a layman's viewpoint, can engage the reader with an idea of how to get their work more appreciated and out "into the world". A study by a student at California State University at Fullerton mentions that such genealogy researchers tend to be generative (that is, concerned with passing information along to those following), and very aware of themselves and their ancestors in a time and place.Hopefully this will get more interaction between academics and people out in the world who can appreciate their work.
Where's My Parking Lot?
Authors: Young Greg
Published: March 2018

In this issue of GIS Trends we redefine how libraries can provide spatial information and plunge into the world of mobile maps. To help solve the problem of parking lot overcrowding, we learn how one library has used GIS data, network analysis and modern web technologies to create a unique application designed to connect drivers with the parking spot that is right for them.
Comparisons of the Efficiency of Excitation Energy Transfer by Singlet and Triplet Excitons in Carbazolyl-Containing Polymers
Authors: Skryshevskii Yu. A. , Vakhnin O. Yu.
Published: March 2018

Luminescence spectra of poly-N-epoxypropylecarbazole (PEPC), poly-N-epoxypropyle-3,6- dichlorocarbazole (DClPEPC), and poly-N-epoxypropyle-3,6-dibromocarbazole (DBrPEPC) films, both pure and with the bis[2-(2′ -benzothienyl)-pyridinato-N,C3′ ](acetylacetonate) iridium (Btp2Ir(acac)) admixture, polystyrene (PS) films with the Btp2Ir(acac) admixture, and composite films of PEPC with the benzophenone and Btp2Ir(acac) admixtures have been studied. Those polymers are promising for their application in optoelectronic devices. It is found that, in the case of PEPC matrix, the excitation energy is transferred both via singlet excitons (through migration and long-range dipole-dipole interaction) and triplet ones (due to the migration and short-range electron exchange interaction). At the same time, in the films based on phosphorescent DBrPEPC, the energy transfer is only provided by triplet excitons. It is found that the quantum yield of the sensitized phosphorescence for Btp2Ir(acac) molecules in the carbazolyl-containing polymer matrix is lower than that under their direct excitation in the PS matrix. For the PEPC-based composite, this parameter is found to be three and five times higher than that for the DClPEPC and DBrPEPC matrices, respectively. The additional doping of the PEPC-based composite with benzophenone gave rise to the transformation of some singlet excitons into triplet ones and, as a result, to a reduction of the sensitized Btp2Ir(acac) phosphorescence intensity. A conclusion is drawn that, during the migration, some of both singlet and triplet excitons became localized in the tail energy states, and a certain fraction of triplet excitons is trapped by polymer oxidation products.
Band Gap Change of Bulk ZnSxSe1–x Semiconductors by Controlling the Sulfur Content
Authors: Trubaieva O. G. , Lalayants A. I. , Chaika M. A.
Published: March 2018

ZnSxSe1−x bulk crystals were grown by the Bridgman–Stockbarger method. The transmittance of different samples in the range from 67% to 56% at la = 1100 nm (for 4-mm samples) indicates a high optical quality of the crystals. No new states were revealed at the sulfur incorporation, and the band gap depends on the composition. The optical band gap of ZnSxSe1−x bulk crystals varies from 2.59 to 2.78 eV for direct transitions and from 2.49 to 2.70 eV for indirect transitions.
Eu sou a universal! Anotações introdutórias acerca de um mote midiático
Authors: Lopes Marcelo
Published: March 2018

A Rede Record de Televisão – mídia televisiva da Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus – vem propagando amplamente um mote midiático de cunho religioso, qual seja, Eu sou a Universal. A veiculação desta mensagem parece ser, a um tempo, proselitista e apologética. No entanto, pensamos haver algo mais que se pode depreender acerca deste mote. Nesse fito, o presente ensaio se ocupa de problematizar questões de fundo que subjazem este mote midiático. A partir de três questionamentos, intentamos contribuir para uma reflexão acerca desse fenômeno, cuja chave hermenêutica situa-se no âmbito do paradigma compreensivo, através das lentes da Ciência da Religião. Nesse sentido, não esposamos um único referencial teórico, mas trabalharemos com autores que já lidaram com essa temática, tais como: Paul Freston, Leonildo Silveira Campos, Ricardo Mariano, Magali do Nascimento Cunha, por exemplo. Ademais, além do mote midiático Eu sou a Universal, trabalharemos na análise de representações imagéticas já propagadas que visaram corroborar esse mote.
Aesthetic rehabilitation through dentogingival prosthesis for patients with high smile line
Authors: Mushashe Amanda Mahammad , Da Cunha Leonardo Fernandes , Rezende Carlos Eduardo Edwards , Gonzaga Carla Castiglia , Correr Gisele Maria
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVE: This report aimed to present a case of functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of anterior maxillary region through dentogingival prosthesis in a patient with high smile line.CASE DESCRIPTION: Patient female, 65 years old, had aesthetic complaints related to fixed partial denture from upper left canine to upper right lateral incisor. The patient reported loss of upper central incisors due to periodontal disease progression. Clinical and radiographic examination showed marginal leakage, discrepancy in teeth proportion, dental inclination and alignment, and excessive prolongation of the cervical-incisal direction, plus a resorbed alveolar ridge, in both volume and height, in the described area. Faced with these conditions, it was decided to perform a fixed partial dentogingival denture, restoring harmony and smile functionality.CONCLUSION: After a 1-year follow up, maintenance of functional and aesthetic aspects of the prosthesis was observed.
As memórias, o romance e o processo de leitura
Authors: Hilário José Reinaldo Nonnenmacher , De Souza Ana Cláudia
Published: March 2018

Assim como a narrativa literária é invariavelmente limitada, os caminhos de leitura também o são. Eles se prendem às amarras do leitor e suas memórias e ao texto. Neste artigo, analisam-se alguns aspectos do romance de memória Leite derramado (2009), de Chico Buarque. São realizadas análises qualitativas inferenciais considerando não somente a construção narrativa do romance, mas também os desafios que este tipo de leitura impõe à memória do leitor. Em Leite derramado, Eulálio, um homem centenário que vive em um hospital ou em alguma sorte de casa de cuidados para idosos, conta ao leitor sua vida, focalizando em Matilde, sua esposa que se foi.