bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time to treatment start as a survival predictor for reproductive system cancer: a population-based study
Authors: Gromov D. D. , Agaeva A. V. , Chemakina O. V. , Zayarnaya M. A. , Zhurova K. D. , Potekhina E. F. , Bogdanov D. V. , Valkov M. Yu.
Published: May 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the time from morphological confirmation of the diagnosis to the start of specialized treatment (time to treatment start: TTS) on cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with cancer of the female reproductive system (CFRS) using the data from the regional cancer registry of the Arkhangelsk region (ARCR) over the period 2000 to 2022. Material and methods. depersonalized data on all cases of breast (BC), cervical (CC), corpus uteri (CUC) and ovarian (OC) cancers were obtained from the ARCR for the period 2000–2022. We compared survival with TTS of 0–7 days (recommended by the state guarantee program), 2–4, 5–8, 9–12 weeks, and 3–6, 7–12 months. Cancer-specific survival was calculated using the life tables and Kaplan-Meier methods. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to correct for other prognostic factors. Results. A total of 19321 cases were analyzed. The ministerial recommended TTS of ≤7 days was observed in 61.9 %, 28.5 %, 27.3 % and 55.9 % of patients with BC, CC, CUC and OC, respectively. the five-year CSS for BC, CC, CUC and OC was 73.9 %, 66.5 %, 73.0 % and 52.1 %, respectively. The TTS of ≤7 days compared to longer TTS was associated with the highest 5-year CSS rate in breast cancer (74.3 vs 45–4-67.0 %) and CC (80.2 vs 63.1–75.0 %); no significant differences were found in CUC and OC. The risk of death from CFRS was the same for TTS of ≤2 months in breast cancer and ≤12 months in other CFRS. Conclusion. Clinical practice shows that the time before the start of special treatment in accordance to state guarantees may be insufficient. early treatment initiation is often possible in the early stages of CFRS. The time to treatment start of < 8 weeks after morphological verification does not worsen survival. The identification of individual groups of patients who need earlier treatment is warranted.
Comparative analysis of morphological changes in the mucosa of the small and large bronchi in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Pankova O. V. , Perelmuter V. M. , Pismenny D. S. , Fedorov A. A. , Loos D. M. , Rodionov E. O. , Zavyalova M. V. , Miller S. V.
Published: May 2024

Background. Despite advances in surgical and therapy techniques, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of cancer-related death. Therefore, it is increasingly important to search for markers that predict the risk of tumor progression. The study of the morphology of the epithelium of the bronchi of different calibers has great potential for solving this problem. The aim of the study was to comparatively evaluate the characteristics and frequency of occurrence of various combinations of morphological changes in the epithelium of the bronchi of large and small calibers in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma. Material and methods. lung samples were collected from 151 NSCLC patients (stage T1–4N0–3M0), who underwent surgery at the cancer Research institute, TNRMC. Various morphological changes in the bronchial epithelium were analyzed. Results. The study of the frequency of occurrence of various morphological changes in small-caliber bronchi showed that basal cell hyperplasia occurred in 90.8 % of cases. Diffuse isolated basal cell hyperplasia was observed in 33.8 % of cases. Focal basal cell hyperplasia was diagnosed in 38.4 % of cases. A combination of basal cell hyperplasia with squamous metaplasia was observed in 18.5 % of cases. The study of the frequency of occurrence in large-caliber bronchi demonstrated that basal cell hyperplasia was the most common morphological variant (93.4 %, including diffuse isolated basal cell hyperplasia in 33.8 % and focal basal cell hyperplasia in 38.4 %). The combination of basal cell hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia was found in 19.8 %. The combination of basal cell hyperplasia with squamous metaplasia and dysplasia was found in 1.3 % compared to the epithelium of small-caliber bronchi. Conclusion. The obtained results on the frequency of occurrence of morphological changes in large-caliber bronchi are of theoretical interest for further research to identify groups at high risk of progression of non-small cell lung cancer.
Shariah Compliance in Malay Wedding Ceremony Expenditure
Authors:   Department of Shariah, Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu Malaysia, Syed Husin Syh Noorul Madihah , Ab Rahman Asmak ,   Department of Shariah and Economics, Academy of Islamic Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Azahari Raihanah ,   Independent Researcher, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: May 2024

Traditional Malay weddings are fast becoming an expensive affair these days, mainly due to escalation in its overall expenditure, and compounded by some additional rituals, overpriced wedding trappings and services by event managers. While the trend to spend lavishly during weddings is on the rise, the Malay community seems to ignore concerns related with wastefulness which is against Islamic values. This article examines wedding expenditures in Islam and attempts to justify its excessiveness vis-à-vis shariah compliance through the qualitative research method. The data have been collected by interviewing the wedding planners and shariah experts. Data from interviews are analysed by using the thematic content analysis method. These interviews revealed that the Malay community tends to justify high expenditure in four different categories of expenditures. Four categories are examined from the shariah perspective with regard to shariah ideas and validation from shariah experts. Theoretically, Islam acknowledges the Muslims’ right to own and manage their property according to their abilities. The Islamic concept of spending focuses on halal resources, i.e., wholesome, good, and beneficial things, which bring about spiritual rewards. Wedding expenditure is considered shariah-compliant so long as it adheres to the basic concept of not glamourising events and resources not wasted on rituals considered unIslamic. Extra expenditure such as beauty treatment, beautification, dais and photography requirement must comply with relevant shariah edicts. As for the moral aspect of the wedding, the study concludes that the ceremony is only considered shariah-compliant if it conforms to the rules of modesty, gender segregation, awrah, wearing of jewellery, and entertainment. Further, traditional wedding dances should not contain inappropriate elements, and songs sung on the occasion should not contain inappropriate and crude language.
Di Sebalik Isu Perkahwinan Nadrah: Tumpuan Terhadap Pandangan Ahmad Luthfi dalam Majalah Qalam (1950–1963)
Authors:   Sekolah Menengah Sains Muzaffar Syah, Leboh Ayer Keroh, Melaka, Malaysia, Mohd Sharif Mohd Shahrul Azha , Mohd Noor Arba’iyah ,   Department of History, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Abdullah Mohd Firdaus ,   Research Centre for History, Politics and International Affairs, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: May 2024

The issue of Nadrah began to draw the attention of the world community in the early 1950s due to the trial of custody rights between her Malay adoptive mother and her Dutch biological parents. This event sparked a major polemic since it touched the sensitivities of the Malays and Muslims. Among the dominant issues in the Nadrah tragedy was the issue of Nadrah’s marriage, which had become the main topic in the newspapers and magazines at that time, including the Qalam magazine. Compared to other print media, the Qalam magazine seemed to emphasise more on reports that were based on Islamic beliefs and morals in relation to the issue of Nadrah. In relation to this, the current study examined the perception of Ahmad Luthfi, as a founder, publisher, and author of the Qalam magazine, on the issue of Nadrah’s marriage from the aspects of age limit for marriage, Islamisation and faith, women’s freedom, the role of kadi (a judge)/wali (Islamic legal guardian) and Islamic administrative law. The resources and materials in this article were obtained from the National Archives of Malaysia, Tun Sri Lanang Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Library, Universiti Malaya (UM) Main Library, UM Za’ba Memorial Library, UM Ahmad Ibrahim Library, UM Academy of Islamic Studies Library, and other sources. The findings of the study show that Ahmad Luthfi had a clear perception of the Islamic law based on the Al-Quran and Hadith. He would not compromise with those who undermined Islamic law. His views had invited positive and negative reactions from various parties.
The Role of Institutions and Industrial Policy: The Constraints of Industrial Development in Sabah
Authors:   Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia, Suffian Firdausi
Published: May 2024

This article examines the role played by institutions in Sabah’s industrial development. Industrialisation is widely acknowledged as the key to pursuing structural change and attaining an economy-wide accumulation of capabilities because it involves capital-intensive activities that require investments in physical capital, human capital and technological advancement, all of which lead to the modernisation of the state’s economy. Thus, the configuration of a nation’s industrial policy is central to expanding and diversifying downstream activities. Nonetheless, effective industrial policy implementation depends on the role played by institutions that take elite policy actors into account when configuring economic interests and priorities. In the case of Sabah, although the state is rich in resources, the implementation of its industrial policy seems to have been impeded by certain factors. Political influence is embedded in existing institutions, and there are uneven power relations, patronage and rent-seeking behaviours. These have collectively constrained industrial policy arrangements and implementation. This study employs qualitative methods, gathering primary data via elite interviews and augmenting this with extensive secondary sources.
Medical Cannabis in Malaysia: Supply and Demand on Facebook
Authors:   Department of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia, Erlen Joni Ekmil Krisnawati , Ismail Shahrul Mizan ,   Faculty of Law, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Nordin Rohaida ,   Faculty of Law, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: May 2024

The internet has become a key hub for communication and information, including drug-related information. Evidence from other nations suggests that medical cannabis is also available online. Yet little is known about medical cannabis dealing on online services in Malaysia. This study examines the current supply and demand of medical cannabis on Malaysian Facebook Pages. Researchers searched for cannabis Facebook Pages in Malay and English between April and June 2022, using the keywords associated with cannabis and marijuana in popular search engines. The Facebook content, including the posts and users’ responses to supply and demand information for medical cannabis, were screened and analysed. Subsequently, the contents of the Facebook Pages were categorised into five themes: (1) demand for medical cannabis; (2) testimony; (3) supply information; (4) adverse health effects of medical cannabis; and (5) product types and routes of administration. The findings indicate that medical cannabis is available online and searchable via popular search engines, despite being illegal in Malaysia. A total of 46 Facebook Pages related to cannabis were identified in this study, where 13 pages sell medical cannabis directly, and 3 sell both medical and recreational cannabis. In addition to private messages via Facebook Messenger, most pages share contact details. The information on the sampled Facebook Pages reflected the growing demand and illegal sales of medical cannabis in Malaysia via online platforms since 2012. Thus, there is an urgent need for proper regulations and laws to control medical cannabis usage besides protecting patients against potentially harmful medical cannabis online.
Public Complaint in Islamic Management: Its Relationship with Customer Satisfaction Achievement
Authors:   Department of Siasah Syar’iyyah, Academy of Islamic Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Syed Ismail al-Qudsy Sharifah Hayaati , Zainuddin Madihatun ,   Centre of Islamic Studies, General and Language, University Poly-Tech Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Pg Hj Idris Pg Siti Rozaidah ,   UBD School of Business and Economics (UBDSBE), University of Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam
Published: May 2024

Public complaint management (PCM) is important in determining customer satisfaction. Unsatisfied customers can tarnish the organisation’s image and the achievement of customer satisfaction (ACS). This study analyses public complaints from contemporary and Islamic perspectives with a case study at the Lembaga Tabung Haji (TH) in Malaysia. It aims to examine the concepts through how public complaints are governed by the Islamic agency, i.e., TH Malaysia, and investigate whether the PCM has achieved customer satisfaction and is in line with Islamic principles. TH has served the public trust for decades since 1970, but complaints seemed to have no end. Among the customer complaints are poor staff service, such as not being customer friendly, and inefficient services, such as pilgrims getting stranded at the airport. Although customer complaints always occur, studies on PCM in Islamic agencies are still lacking. Due to that, this study chose TH as a case study. The three approaches of Islam, contemporary perspectives and a case study make this study stand out as a robust discussion and further contribute to its novelty. This study uses qualitative methods through structured interviews, literature reviews, and document reviews. It is analysed through descriptive, thematic and document analysis methods. The study found that the highest complaint received by TH was about customer service. However, in order to achieve public satisfaction, TH provided eight physical and online public complaint channels. Overall, the study argues that systematic PCM remains a key concern for achieving customer satisfaction. If public complaints are left unaddressed, it may lead to ineffective governance, customer dissatisfaction and a bad image for Islamic agencies in the long term.
Goodness of fit by Neyman-Pearson testing
Authors: Grosso Gaia , Letizia Marco , Pierini Maurizio , Wulzer Andrea
Published: May 2024

The Neyman-Pearson strategy for hypothesis testing can be employed for goodness of fit if the alternative hypothesis is selected from data by exploring a rich parametrised family of models, while controlling the impact of statistical fluctuations. The New Physics Learning Machine (NPLM) methodology has been developed as a concrete implementation of this idea, to target the detection of new physical effects in the context of high energy physics collider experiments. In this paper we conduct a comparison of this approach to goodness of fit with others, in particular with classifier-based strategies that share strong similarities with NPLM. From our comparison, NPLM emerges as the more sensitive test to small departures of the data from the expected distribution and not biased towards detecting specific types of anomalies. These features make it suited for agnostic searches for new physics at collider experiments. Its deployment in other scientific and industrial scenarios should be investigated.
Quantum revivals in HgTe/CdTe quantum wells and topological phase transitions
Authors: Mayorgas Alberto , Calixto Manuel , Cordero Nicolás A. , Romera Elvira , Castaños Garza Octavio Héctor
Published: May 2024

The time evolution of a wave packet is a tool to detect topological phase transitions in two-dimensional Dirac materials, such as graphene and silicene. Here we extend the analysis to HgTe/CdTe quantum wells and study the evolution of their electron current wave packet, using 2D effective Dirac Hamiltonians and different layer thicknesses. We show that the two different periodicities that appear in this temporal evolution reach a minimum near the critical thickness, where the system goes from normal to inverted regime. Moreover, the maximum of the electron current amplitude changes with the layer thickness, identifying that current maxima reach their higher value at the critical thickness. Thus, we can characterize the topological phase transitions in terms of the periodicity and amplitude of the electron currents.
Does corporate governance report disclosure increase stock retirement? Evidence from Korea
Authors: Seok Choo Hyoung , Moon Taegon , Cho Sun-ae , Moon Doocheol
Published: May 2024

This study examines the influence of the mandatory disclosure of corporate governance reports on stock retirement in Korea. Given the challenges of applying stock repurchasing to measure shareholder return policy in the Korean stock market, this study focuses on stock retirement as a key indicator to examine the effectiveness of introducing the corporate governance report on shareholder return policy. Employing the Difference-in-Differences approach followed, this paper conducts empirical analyses based on 5,932 observations from 2011 to 2020. The main findings indicate a significant increase in stock retirement by companies implementing mandatory disclosures of corporate governance reports (coef = 0.018, p-value <0.01) compared to companies that do not disclose them. The results of the alternative measures for stock retirement and propensity score matching (PSM) model also present a positive association between mandatory disclosure of corporate governance reports and stock retirement, respectively (coef = 0.400 and 1.421, p-value <0.01; coef = 0.019, p-value < 0.1). This study provides evidence to support the notion that introducing corporate governance reports enhances overall shareholder returns, leading to an increase in stock retirement. Moreover, these findings validate that stock retirement is an adequate proxy for analyzing the level of shareholder returns in Korean firms.
Examining Color Recognition in the Kurdish Language: A Sociolinguistic Perspective
Authors: Kasap Suleyman
Published: May 2024

This study employs a cross-sectional research design to explore color recognition among Kurdish participants, encompassing individuals from various age and education groups. The research aims to investigate patterns of color perception across demographic segments within the Kurdish population. Participants were selected from four distinct groups: elementary school graduates (elderly), high school students, university students, and university graduates. The study involved presenting participants with a list of color names in Kurdish and recording their responses to assess color recognition. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages, were utilized to analyze the data and identify trends in color perception. The total number of participants in the study was 274. Findings indicate a high level of familiarity with basic colors such as black, white, red, green, yellow, and blue across all participant groups, with recognition rates ranging from 85% to 96%. However, less common colors, including gray, orange, pink, and purple, showed varying levels of recognition among different participant groups. Gray was relatively better recognized compared to other less common colors, with recognition rates ranging from 8.93% to 15%, suggesting potential differences in exposure to color terminology among different age and education groups.
St Petersburg school of linear groups. II. Early works by Suslin
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Vavilov Nikolai А.
Published: May 2024

The present survey describes the contribution of St Petersburg mathematicians to the theory of linear, classical and algebraic groups. The second part is devoted to the publications by Suslin of the 1970s and the early 1980s, in the areas of classical algebraic K-theory and the theories of linear and classical groups. Also, we describe the general context of these works, state some of the most important results by Suslin himself, and his students, and some of the most closely related follow-ups and subsequent results.
A continuous version of the selfish parking problem
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Ananjevskii Sergey M. , Chen Alexander P. ,   Western University
Published: May 2024

The work is devoted to the study of a new model of random filling of a segment of large length with intervals of smaller length. A new formulation of the problem is considered. We study a model in which unit intervals are placed on a segment only if the segment being filled has a length of at least 2. In this case, the position of the placed interval is subject to a uniform distribution law. The paper investigates the behavior of the average number of placed intervals depending on the length of the filled segment. An exact expression is obtained for the analog of the Renyi constant.
Density of simple partial fractions with poles on the circle in weighted spaces for the disk and the interval
Authors:   Vladimir State University, Komarov Mikhail A.
Published: May 2024

Approximation properties of simple partial fractions (the logarithmic derivatives of algebraic polynomials) having all poles on the unit circle are investigated. We obtain criteria for the density of such fractions is some classical integral spaces: in the spaces of functions summable with degree p in the unit interval with the ultraspheric weight and in the (weighted) Bergman spaces of functions analytic in the unit disk and summable with degree p over the area of the disk. Our results generalize to the case of an arbitrary exponent p > 0 the known criteria by Chui and Newman and by Abakumov, Borichev and Fedorovskiy for the Bergman spaces with p = 1 and p = 2, correspondingly.
Orbital precession in the restricted three-body problem: Exact representations
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Berezina Alena A. ,   Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2024

Analytical representations for the rate of apsidal precession in the planar elliptical restricted three-body problem are considered in the case when the orbit of the disturbing body is external to the orbit of the test particle. Analytical expressions are compared with numerical data obtained during numerous calculations of the precession rate. An analytical expression is obtained for the apsidal precession velocity in the form of a power series with a parameter equal to the ratio of the semi-major axes of the orbits of the test particle and the disturbing planet. It is shown that the analytical expressions for the velocity of the apsidal precession of the particle are reliable only at distances not close to the instability zone near the orbit of the disturbing planet. Near the Wisdom gap, the linear secular theory stops working. A correction empirical formula is proposed for calculating the apsidal precession rate at relatively high (less than 0.5) eccentricities of the particle and the disturbing planet. The proposed formulas are applied to the description of the precession of orbits in real exoplanetary systems.
Generacja Z wyzwaniem pastoralnym dla Kościoła w Polsce
Authors: Akonom Jakub
Published: May 2024

Wraz z postępem laicyzacji drastyczne zmiany zachodzą także w społeczeństwie polskim. Dotykają one zwłaszcza podatnej na nowe prądy współczesnej młodzieży, która w socjologii definiowana jest jako generacja Z. Rewolucja kulturowa, która dokonała się w ostatnich latach, negatywnie odbiła się na członkach generacji Z i znacznie utrudniła podejmowanie skutecznych działań pastoralnych skierowanych do tego pokolenia. Młodzież w realiach roku duszpasterskiego 2022/2023 to grupa społeczna w dużej mierze zdystansowana do Kościoła, a po części także kontestująca Jego nauczanie wraz z głoszonymi zasadami moralnymi oraz wartościami. Wśród kluczowych problemów generacji Z leży także upadek autorytetów, w tym drastyczna zmiana postrzegania św. Jana Pawła II. Istotny wpływ na młodych wywarła także pandemiczna izolacja oraz publiczne wystąpienia skierowane przeciw idei obrony życia poczętego. Młodzi z generacji Z w znacznej części nie odnajdują się w Kościele, z uwagi na brak odpowiedniego świadectwa w środowisku rodzinnym. Aby podjąć skuteczne działania duszpasterskie, należy zaakcentować komplementarność działań pastoralnych wobec rodzin oraz zaktualizować metody nauczania w katechezie szkolnej.
Camphorsulfonic Acid-Catalyzed Synthesis of a Series of 2-Aryl/heteroaryl/alkyl-1H-anthra[
1,2-d]imidazole-6,11-dione Derivatives
Authors: Banerjee Bubun , Priya Anu , Singh Arvind , Sharma Aditi , Kaur Manmeet , Biswas Kinkar
Published: May 2024

Anthraquinone moiety is very common among naturally occurring bioactive
compounds. Many commercially available drug molecules also possess anthraquinone
moiety. In recent times, among many other anthraquinone derivatives, specifically, 2-
substituted-1H-anthra[1,2-d]imidazole-6,11-diones are gaining extra attention due to their
significant anti-cancer, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory activities, etc. This study aimed to report
a simple, straightforward, organocatalyzed method for the efficient synthesis of a series
of 2-aryl/heteroaryl/alkyl-1H-anthra[1,2-d]imidazole-6,11-diones from the reactions of
1,2-diaminoanthraquinone and various aldehydes using a catalytic amount of camphorsulfonic
acid as an efficient organocatalyst in aqueous ethanol under refluxed conditions. Under
the same optimized reaction conditions, along with aryl or heteroaryl aldehydes, aliphatic
aldehydes also underwent a smooth reaction and afforded the desired products in excellent yields. All
the synthesized compounds were obtained pure in excellent yields by simple filtration and washing subsequently
with ethanol. The use of less toxic solvent, low-cost, commercially available metal-free organocatalyst, no
column chromatographic separation, good yields, and easy isolation procedure are some of the major advantages
of this newly developed protocol.
Experiences of Caregivers in Disclosing HIV Status to Children Infected with HIV in Mopani District, South Africa
Authors: Nathaniel Muditambi Nndavheleseni , M Pamela Mamogobo , Takalani Mutshatshi E
Published: May 2024

Background

Caregivers are confronted with difficulties in determining the ideal period to initiate HIV disclosure to the child infected with HIV. Moreover, caregivers are uncertain about how to facilitate the HIV disclosure process, and opportunities to start the discussion are frequently missed until a later stage. Caregivers often fear that the child will be affected psychologically and have poor cognitive ability to comprehend the nature of the illness.

Objective

The objective of the study is to explore and describe the experiences of primary caregivers regarding HIV disclosure to children infected with HIV.

Methods

A qualitative, explorative, and descriptive study was conducted at 4 selected ART facilities in the Mopani district. Where face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation with 16 primary caregivers. Data was analysed and coded using the ATLAS.ti 9 program, according to the thematic method of analysis.

Results

Analysis of data identified three main themes that described the experience of caregivers regarding HIV disclosure in children, which are cues to disclose HIV status to children, experiences of the event of HIV status disclosure to children, and caregiver’s experiences of healthcare providers’ role in HIV disclosure process.

Conclusion

Caregivers revealed that they initiated the HIV disclosure process to the children because of their personal and child-related factors. However, they perceived HIV disclosure as a difficult process to initiate, because of lack of skills, knowledge, and support from healthcare providers. Caregivers perceived children as too young to receive HIV disclosure information and they feared that the child would react negatively.
Anaesthetic Management of a Case of Down Syndrome with Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Major Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, AFMC Pune India, Naik Sudarshan , Prahalad Prahalad ,   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, AFMC Pune India, Kate Shreyas ,   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, 151 BH Guwahati India
Published: May 2024

Background: Down syndrome is one of the common congenital chromosomal disorders. Renal complications in Down syndrome patients are rare but is increasing in number due to increased survival. Anaesthesia in such patients is challenging due to intellectual disability, anatomical complications and multiple comorbidities. Case: This case report describes the pre-operative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 19 -year-old male patient with Down syndrome with hypothyroidism with Chronic Kidney Disease stage 4 who underwent open reduction internal fixation with plating for bilateral subtrochanteric fracture under general anaesthesia. It was a complicated surgery for both surgeon and anaesthetist because the patient was anaemic with significant anticipated blood loss along with fluid restriction during the perioperative period. We had major challenges like patient positioning, significant blood loss, hypotension, and early fluid overload. But an extensive preoperative evaluation, optimization prior and proper coordination we overcame the challenges. Conclusion: Major orthopaedic surgeries in patients like Down syndrome with chronic kidney disease create a major anaesthetic challenge due to expected significant blood loss, chances of fluid overload, multiple comorbidities and intellectual disability. Thorough preoperative evaluation, intraoperative monitoring as well as postoperative period is important as several complications are envisaged. So a closed group management with orthopaedic surgeon, nephrologist, anaesthesiologist, endocrinologist, nursing team is required to handle such complicated cases.
Comparison of SMAW and GTAW Welding Properties
Authors: Afriansyah Zul , Ashof M. , Naimah Azimatun
Published: May 2024

Low carbon steel is a type of welding with good formability, machinability, hardenability, and weldability. It can be welded without preheating or postheating processes. Notch strength and sensitivity to weld cracking are the factors that influence the weldability of low carbon steel. SMAW and GTAW welding techniques were applied in this study. In addition to its mechanical properties, parameters and the type of welding process also affected the corrosion of the welded joint. Local corrosion attacks were easier to occur on one than the other welded joint due to significant differences in chemical composition and microstructure. Welded joints in a chlorine-rich environment have a high corrosion rate. In comparison to base metal, low-weld metal triggers high corrosion.
Development of a Project Based Arduino Uno R3- Assisted Robotic Training Design
Authors: Prasetyo Zidan , Darmawan Ilham Akbar , Desmira Desmira
Published: May 2024

This type of research and development aims to create designs and products for robotics training, as well as robotic training design feasibility through expert validation and eval-uation by respondents. Based on a survey of 49 people surveyed, 28.3% said they did not master the microcontroller material, 10.8% said they had learned it very well, and 17.4% said they didn't know. This suggests that a lower level of competence compared to the SKKNI makes robotics training necessary. A self-training model is used for this training. The study uses a branch version of the ADDIE development model, which is carried out in five stages: 1. analysis, 2. design, 3. development, 4. implementation, and 5. evaluation. This media produces starter kits and video learning, The ADDIE method is a research method that runs from the stage of analysis to its evaluation, the analysis researchers must know the gap of competence from students to industry, search for in-tuitive needs, make the need and the gap into the design of training until the last evalua-tion process, this is finally the reason why Addie is used in this research. Students of SMKN 1 Cilegon and students of Professional Education Electrical Engineering Universi-tas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa were used in this research. The analytical techniques used are qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. Evaluation results from starter kits, learning videos, and learning materials are used to determine the level of eligibility for robotic training designs. The results of the starter kit evaluation showed that the media starter kit was in the category "Very Fit" with an average score of 40.7 with a range x33. In the respondent assessment, it was known that the average rating of the nine-teen respondents was 60.3 with the range x 51, suggesting that the Arduino Uno R3 project-based robotic training design containing a starter kit, video learning modules, and learning materials belonged to the category of "Very Feasible." In other words, this robotics training deserves to be done.
Building Blocks for an Energy Transition
Authors: Ahamer Gilbert
Published: May 2024

The present need for an energy transition in the wake of a global climate catastrophe led to the “EU green deal” which requires a transition of the energy system in all countries. This study aimis survey aims to identify strategies within such an energy transition based on global trend analyses and reports on available technologies for implementation. Based on a literature analysis of over 300 pieces (of feasibility studies and technology implementation reports with a focus on Central Europe) and a statistical analysis of the levels of “energy intensity” (E/GDP) covering three decades and all countries worldwide, the diagnosis is made that steady improvements in several dedicated technological focus areas can be made and were made and could still be increased in the future, as required by climate targets. Across several distinct fields of energy economy, the concrete options for such improvements are portrayed: Energy infrastructure, Smart grids, Transmission grid management, Electricity storage, Heat storage, and Industrial waste heat; and linked with the diagnosed long-term trends emerging from the “Global Change Data Base” GCDB, allowing for a sectorial analysis of the so-called energy intensity, which was not yet delivered until now as time series in the literature. The main findings show which economic sectors and clusters of technologies can be most appropriate to achieve climate targets while safeguarding social aspects of sustainability.
Implementation of Fish Pellet Production Using Palm Kernel Waste in Merangin Village, Kampar
Authors: Amraini Said Zul
Published: May 2024

The community in Merangin Village, Kampar Regency, whose livelihoods revolve around fish farming, faces challenges in fish cultivation, especially concerning the use of pellets from factories, which contribute approximately 60-70% to the total production costs. To mitigate these expenses, an alternative solution is proposed by producing fish pellets independently using palm waste available in the village. However, many community members still lack understanding of the process of fish pellet production and the processing of its raw materials. Through the community service program at the University of Riau, a targeted technology transfer effort is conducted for the residents of Merangin Village to empower them in producing fish pellets autonomously. The primary focus of the community service activities is to enhance knowledge through integrated guidance on fish pellet production. It is expected that with the implementation of this program, the people of Merangin Village can manufacture their own fish pellets from palm waste, subsequently increasing income and establishing an efficient and sustainable fish farming venture. The implications of the community service program in Merangin Village encompass heightened knowledge in optimizing the utilization of palm waste for fish pellet production, thereby reducing production costs, increasing income, and effectively managing waste.
THE ROLE OF CYTOKININ AND GIBBERELLIN IN POTATO TUBER SPROUTING
Authors: BIZUAYEHU DESTA  , GETACHEW AMARE
Published: May 2024

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a highly sensitive crop to tuber dormancy. This can be initiated by various factors, including moisture stress, high or low temperature, day length, hormonal imbalance, and heredity. Breaking of tuber dormancy is therefore important for seed potato multiplication, rapid post-harvest disease testing, and early production in the field or green house. Cytokinin (CK) and gibberellin (GA) in combination will terminate dormancy and increase sprout growth earlier than using GAs alone. And also using only CK will terminate dormancy earlier than using GAs alone, but subsequent sprout growth will be hampered. In this review, the current knowledge and possible utilization of CK and GA, which can be used for termination of dormancy and sprout growth of potato tubers, have been reviewed and discussed. The role of CK and GA to mitigate the harmful effects of endogenous and environmental stresses in potato sprouting is also examined. In addition, numerous biochemical and physiological processes principal to improved potato sprouting under the consequence of these hormones are discoursed in detail.
EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF AQUEOUS LEAVES EXTRACT OF AVERRHOA CARAMBOLA FOR IN VITRO ANTICANCER STUDIES
Authors: SRILEGA I  , KAVITHA M
Published: May 2024

Objective: Averrhoa carambola is known as a tree. Averrhoa carambola leaves are commonly used in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine is used for inflammatory skin disorders and fungal skin infections. The leaves of star fruit are rich in Vitamin C and bioactive compounds such as phenols and flavonoids abundant sources of antioxidants.
Methods: The qualitative phytochemical study of these plant extracts indicates the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, proteins, and phenol. The herb has been used traditionally from antiquity, in the treatment of neurological health, memory issues, and breast cancer. It chiefly possesses the pharmacological study.
Results: Plant explains about antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, anticatalytic, and antiviral activities. The work is an endeavor to explore and assemble the various pharmacological action and pharmacognostic aspects of the leaves A. carambola reported to date.
Conclusion: The current research has shown that natural sources have therapeutic properties without much toxicity. This potential of plants is due to the presence of secondary metabolites. The results prove that A. carambola leaf extract has antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activity. In addition to this, the present investigation revealed that A. carambola leaf extract can act as a potential drug for treating breast cancer.
IDENTIFICATION OF ANTI-ASTHMATIC DRUG FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS USING AN IN SILICO APPROACH
Authors: SAHGAL AAYUSHI , AIRAJUDDIN ABEER , PRAVALLIKA SAMBARA , BUWA VAEESHNAVI
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Considering the limitations and side effects of current synthetic medications, herein, the exploration of the anti-inflammatory and antihistamine properties of medicinal plants is conducted to provide alternative treatment options for asthma and aims to identify potential anti-asthmatic drugs using an in silico approach.
Methods: A molecular docking study was performed to assess the binding affinities and interactions between the neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) protein and 15 medicinal plants and flavonoids chosen from published literature. A Ramachandran Plot analysis was conducted to evaluate the stereochemical properties of the protein. Furthermore, to gain insights into the drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties of the identified ligands, ADMESAR analysis was performed to predict molecular properties and bioactivity of small molecules.
Results: Among the 15 medicinal plants investigated in this research, Kaempferol exhibited the least binding energy of −5.05, indicating a highly stable interaction with the NPSR protein. This exceptional stability suggests that Kaempferol has the potential to serve as an effective anti-asthmatic drug.
Conclusion: Asthma has no permanent cure, and the current synthetic medications raise long-term safety concerns. This study explored the use of medicinal plants and flavonoids, with Kaempferol showing promise as a potential anti-asthmatic drug candidate. This preliminary study could open avenues to further research and the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of asthma, potentially reducing reliance on synthetic drugs.
PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF NUTRACEUTICALS IN PATIENTS VISITING A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, KATHMANDU, NEPAL
Authors: PHARSURAM ADHIKARI  , AMOD KUMAR YADAV
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the prescription pattern of nutraceuticals in patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu which includes identification of commonly prescribed nutraceuticals, analysis of co-prescribed drug classes, identification of major nutraceutical compositions, analysis of patient expenditure on nutraceuticals, and quantification of nutraceutical availability.
Methods: A purposive sampling method was used to conduct a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 304 patients from the outpatient departments of a tertiary care hospital, Nepal. Data on patients’ sociodemographic characteristics, co-prescribed drugs, nutraceutical details, and supplement expenses were collected using a structured questionnaire and form. Patient cards provided the necessary information, which was then analyzed with SPSS-16 and Microsoft Excel.
Results: Out of 304 prescriptions analyzed, 64% were prescribed to females and 26% to patients aged 31–45 years. The general medicine department accounted for 44% of nutraceutical prescriptions, with multivitamins being the most common (91%). Tablets were the preferred dosage form 56%, and gastrointestinal disorder medicine was commonly co-prescribed with nutraceuticals. Nutraceuticals alone accounted for approximately 52% of the total medicine cost.
Conclusion: Nutraceuticals are being continuously used in the treatment of various diseases. The future of nutraceuticals is bright and can transform health care. More studies need to be taken up on the prescription of nutraceuticals in health care.
Enhancing Bangladeshi License Plate Recognition: A YOLOv8 Approach with Roboflow Integration for Accuracy and Speed Optimization
Authors: Istiak Ahamed , Feng Wang
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) systems are indispensable in modern transportation services, offering crucial benefits in traffic management, parking, toll collection, and surveillance. However, implementing ALPR in Bangladesh presents challenges due to the intricacies of Bangla characters and low-resolution CCTV images. Despite ALPR's potential to enhance safety and security, issues such as license plate variations and image quality hinder its effective implementation. This research addresses these challenges by developing a customized YOLOv8 model tailored for recognizing Bengali license plates, with a focus on precise localization, character segmentation, and script deciphering. Leveraging advanced deep learning techniques, the study aims to enhance efficiency and accuracy for applications in law enforcement and traffic management. Through a comprehensive workflow integrating Roboflow and YOLOv8, effective dataset collection, annotation, augmentation, and model training are demonstrated. System evaluation on diverse test datasets confirms the reliable detection and recognition of Bangladeshi license plates, underscoring the model's practical utility and robustness in real-world scenarios. Additionally, the research showcases notable advancements in ALPR technology specific to Bangladesh's unique context. Noteworthy is the model's exceptional performance in detecting license plates from corner angles, even across various vehicle types, as well as its ability to accurately identify plates amid challenging conditions such as broken or obscured plates and low-resolution images. Moreover, the system's proficiency in scenarios with multiple license plates, like those on buses adorned with banners, contributes significantly to improved road safety and traffic management.
Automatic Accident Avoidance System
Authors: Srivastava Manas , Kumar Dr. Yogesh , Ansari Dr. Rashid
Published: May 2024

Abstract: As much as road travel has improved lives for the better part it also has proposed many challenges. Along with taking lives of those if countless people it also has been an economic burden on the country, in India the cost of road travel accidents in 2019 was estimated to be 12 billion USD. Along with loss of lives, serious injuries, damage to public infrastructure and with huge financial burden on the tax payers it becomes a major in road block in the urbanization of developing countries, a lot of the steps have been taken by the government regarding this issue including awareness among the general public about using the safety features present in their respective automobile, avoiding driving under the influence of substances, regulating the manufacturing standards of automobiles so they can withstand the damage and keep the passengers safe. But these steps are primary based on the presumption on the reliable decision making of the human driver. A lot more could be achieved by devising methods for accident prevention that don’t rely on human intervention. In this project we have devised a system that works automatically using an ATmega328mp microcontroller paired with an ultrasonic distance sensor that can detect the obstacles facing the automobile and can make a decision to warn the driver and if ignored can override the control of the human driver.
Revolutionizing Healthcare: The Transformative Power of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Santhosh C.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The field of radiology is changing due to artificial intelligence (AI), which presents hitherto unheard-of chances to improve diagnostic efficiency and accuracy. The transformational potential of AI in radiology is examined in this research, with particular attention to how it might expedite clinical workflows and completely change picture interpretation. The first section of the abstract emphasizes the rising need for radiological services as well as the difficulties radiologists have in organizing massive amounts of patient data while maintaining prompt and precise diagnosis. The article goes on to discuss AI as a potent tool that radiologists may use to analyze pictures more confidently, spot abnormalities, and make clinical choices more quickly. The transformational potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology is examined in this research, with a focus on how AI might enhance diagnostic efficiency and accuracy. It presents the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to transform radiological practice by highlighting its strengths in image interpretation, anomaly detection, and clinical decision assistance. But there are drawbacks to using AI in radiology, including concerns about data privacy and algorithm transparency. In order to guarantee patient safety and confidence in AI-enabled radiological techniques, the study highlights the significance of responsible AI implementation. The study concludes by highlighting the revolutionary effects of AI on radiology and highlighting its potential as a tool to improve healthcare delivery and diagnostic accuracy.