bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Diffusion-Weighted and Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Tubulointerstitial Nephritis: an initial experience.
Authors: Su Tao , Yang Xuedong , Wang Rui , Yang Li , Wang Xiaoying
Published: November 2020

Background: Diffusion weighted(DW) and blood oxygen level-dependent(BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging are classical sequences of functional MR,but the exploration in non-transplanted kidney disease is limited.Objects:To analyze the characteristics of apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) and R2* value using DW and BOLD imaging in tubulointerstitial nephritis(TIN).Methods: Four acute TIN,thirteen chronic TIN patients and four controls were enrolled.A multiple gradient-echo sequence was used to acquire 12 T2*-weighted images for calculation of R2* map.DW imaging was acquired by combining a single-shot spin-echo echo planar imaging pulse sequence and the additional motion probing gradient pulses along the x,y,z-axes with two b values:0 and 200, as well as 0 and 800 s/mm2.For ATIN,DW and BOLD magnetic resonance were performed at the time of renal biopsy(T0) and the third month(T3).Pathological changes were assessed semi-quantitatively.Correlation analysis were conducted within functional MR,pathological and clinical indexes.Results: In ATIN,ADCs were significantly lower(b was 0,200 s/mm2,2.86±0.19vs.3.39±0.11,b was 0,800 s/mm2,1.76±0.12vs.2.16±0.08,P<0.05) than controls,showing an obvious remission at T3.Cortical and medullary R2* values(CR2*,MR2*) were decreased,significantly recovery at T3 was only observed in MR2*(T0 24.3±2.1vs.T3 32.4±6.6,P<0.05).No relationship was found between fMR and histopathological indexes.MR2* had a close relationship with eGFR(R=0.80,P=0.017) and serum creatinine(R=-0.502,P=0.012).Patients having lower ADC when b was 0,200 s/mm2,showed more increase of ADC(R=-0.956,P=0.044)and MR2*(R=-0.949,P=0.05).In CTIN group, reduced MR2* was disclosed with unchanged CR2* and ADC value.Conclusions: We observed reduction and partial remission of ADC and R2* values in ATIN.Lower ADC when b is 0, 200 s/mm2 is an index indicating reversible injury.MR2* serves as a promising marker reflecting renal function.The pseudo normalization of CR2* with reduced MR2* in CTIN produces an evidence of intra-renal oxygen adaptation that contributing to CKD deterioration.
The emergence of subaerial crust and onset of weathering 3.7 billion years ago
Authors: Roerdink Desiree , Ronen Yuval , Strauss Harald , Mason Paul
Published: November 2020

Reconstructing the emergence and weathering of continental crust in the Archean is crucial for our understanding of early ocean chemistry, biosphere evolution and the onset of plate tectonics. However, considerable disagreement exists between the elemental and isotopic proxies that have been used to trace crustal input into marine sediments and data are scarce prior to 3 billion years ago. Here we show that chemical weathering modified the Sr isotopic composition of seawater as recorded in 3.52-3.20 Ga stratiform barite deposits from three different cratons. Using a combination of Sr, S and O isotope data, barite petrography and a hydrothermal mixing model, we calculate a novel Sr isotope evolution trend for Paleoarchean seawater that is much more radiogenic than the curve previously determined from carbonate rocks. Our findings require the presence and weathering of subaerial and evolved (high Rb/Sr) crust from 3.7 ± 0.1 Ga onwards. This Eoarchean onset of crustal weathering affected the chemistry of the oceans and supplied nutrients to the marine biosphere 500 million years earlier than previously thought.
Unintentional brainstem anesthesia after prolonged sub-tenon block. Сase report
Authors: Vasilev Ya. I. , Karelov A. E. , Lebedinskii K. M. , Marova Nadezhda G. , Orlova E. A.
Published: November 2020

A 64-year-old ASA 2 woman, with left eye retinal detachment was admitted for pars plana vitrectomy. There were no any neurological diseases, stroke, angina, myocardial infarction, epilepsy and allergy in her medical history. There aren’t clinical significant changes in her blood tests and ECG. General anesthesia was induced and maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane on target value of MAC 0.9–1.1. Analgesia was maintained by prolonged Sub-Tenon block — 1 % lidocaine 2 ml/h through catheter. The duration of surgery was 215 minutes. Sevoflurane and lidocaine were stopped immediately after the end of the surgery. The effective spontaneous breath has been noted by the first minute after surgery. However, the delayed recovery wasn’t allowing to discharge the patient from operating room within 50 minutes and the drowsiness was persisted 1.5 hours more after this. There wasn’t any neurological deficiency, the hemodynamic was stable and the patient had an effective breath during this time and later in postoperative period. With the exception of a possibility of inadvertent intravenous introduction of local anesthetic and development of systemic toxicity, the most probable cause of this complication was the brainstem anesthesia. The possibility of brainstem anesthesia in ophthalmology is well described when using retrobulbar and peribulbar anesthesia. The described cases of this complication of Sub-Tenon block are single. Our case presented a serious adverse event of prolonged Sub-Tenon block without life treating symptoms and neurologic consequences.
Information about the XVII All-Russian scientific and educational conference with international participation “Recommendations and individual approaches in anesthesiology and resuscitation”
Authors: Grigoryev Sergey V.
Published: November 2020

Information about the XVII All-Russian scientific and educational conference with international participation “Recommendations and individual approaches in anesthesiology and resuscitation”
Blood-brain barrier from the point of view of anesthesiologist. Review. Part 2
Authors: Gorbachev Vladimir I. , Bragina N. V.
Published: November 2020

The article provides an overview of the histochemical and molecular mechanisms that regulate the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) under conditions of general anesthesia, as well as various physiological and pathological conditions. We analyzed some changes in the process of physiological aging and age-related neurodegenerative disorders. We examined from the position of an anesthesiologist, how the BBB dysfunction is associated with chronic neurological deficit and acute cerebral disorders in stroke, sepsis, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and epilepsy.
Evolution of guidelines on anesthesia and intensive care for patients with COVID-19: Editorial
Authors: Ovezov A. M. , Yavorovskiy A. G. , Zybin K. D. , Roitman E. V. , Yaroshetskiy A. I. , Lebedinskii K. M. , Kirov M. Yu. , Protsenko D. N. , Zabolotskikh Igor B.
Published: November 2020

The medical scientific community is constantly looking for possible ways to successfully treat the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. With the accumulation of experience and knowledge on this issue, the Russian Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists regularly updates recommendations on anesthesia and intensive care for patients with COVID-19. The current, 4th edition, like the previous ones, has undergone significant changes and clarifications. Important updates have been made in the sections on respiratory therapy, drug therapy, thromboprophylaxis, and the managing patients with concomitant diseases. Optimization vectors for the next edition of the recommendations on anesthesia and intensive care for patients with COVID-19 have been formulated and substantiated.
Inhaled antibiotics in intensive care medicine (survey of Russian intensivists). A retrospective observational study
Authors: Kuzovlev Artem N. , Lazarev V. V. , Shabanov A. K. , Kuzkov V. V. , Kitiashvili I. Z. , Zybin K. D. , Bagin V. A. , Kostetskiy I. V. , Afukov I. I. , Zilbert E. V. , Kulakov V. F. , Lekmanov A. U. , Magomedov M. A. , Skripkin Yu. V. , Yaroshetskiy A. I. , Voennov O. V. , Emelyanov A. A. , Doroginin S. V. , Shapovalov K. G.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The prevalence of nosocomial infections in Moscow hospitals is 7.61 %. In conditions of almost total poly- and pan-resistance of nosocomial pneumonia pathogens in intensive care units, the search for alternative methods of antibiotic therapy is urgent. One such alternative is inhaled antibiotics (IA). This publication presents the results of the study “nhalation antibiotics in resuscitation” based on a questionnaire survey of anesthesiologists-resuscitators. The purpose of this study is to analyze the frequency of use of inhaled forms of antibiotics for NP in intensive care patients in hospitals of the Russian Federation.
Materials and methods. This survey was reviewed by two leading specialized specialists, approved on November 25, 2017 by the Committee for Recommendations and Organization of Research of the Federation of Anesthesiologists (http://www.far.org.ru/research/362-ingabx). The survey was conducted on 10.01.2018–30.10.2018.
Results. According to the results of the study data were obtained on the prevalence of the use of IA for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia (64 % of the respondents); indications (all respondents use Russian national guidelines; 80 % prescribe IA if the current antibiotic therapy regimen is ineffective); drugs used (colisthimetate sodium is used in 52 % of cases, tobramycin — 9 %, amikacin — 24 %, other (acetylcystein antibiotic, gentamicin, cephalosporins of various generations, bacteriophages) — 15 %) and equipment (more than 90 % use mesh-nebulizers), criteria for their cancellation (extremely scattered answers).
Conclusion. The results of the questionnaire allow us to substantiate the advisability of additional randomized controlled trials on this issue.
Cytogenetic and Molecular Genetic Prognostic Factors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias
Authors: Misyurin A.V.
Published: November 2020

This review presents characteristic and reproducible chromosome rearrangements in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which can be detected with a standard cytogenetic research (G-bands staining) or by FISH. More subtle genetic changes, inaccessible to the observation of cytogeneticists, are detected with the help of modern methods of molecular biological diagnosis. The prognostic value of cytogenetic and molecular genetic markers of ALL is shown in this article. A minimal set of clinically relevant molecular markers is presented, which it is advisable to investigate with ALL.
Design, calculation and use of the multipurpose vacuum ground meat mixer
Authors: Verbytskyi S. B. , Kopylova K. V. , Patsera N. N.
Published: November 2020

Ground meat mixers mixing minced muscle tissue with other pre-formulated ingredients, are among the most common types of specialized meat processing equipment. The quality of minced meat, this being a food dispersed medium, including a solid, liquid and, in part, a gas phase, is determined by the dispersity and uniformity of its structure, as well as the uniformity of the distribution of components, that is, by the efficiency of the mixing process. The research carried out made it possible to theoretically substantiate the processes of mixing minced meat with the help of specialized technological equipment, including that providing vacuuming of processed food masses. A list of regulatory requirements for the structures of industrial meat mixers, which determine their technological efficiency, safety and hygiene, is given. Two main layouts of the specified equipment are described, horizontal and vertical. The design of a horizontal compact vacuum meat mixer with a coaxial double working spiral is presented. The results of work on the creation of a model range of vertical vacuum meat mixers are described, the possibility of using vertical vacuum machines for maceration by massaging medium-sized and small-sized meat raw materials is proven. It is advisable to carry out such a transformation of the equipment by replacing the working bodies of mixing with special massaging arms, these ensuring the most efficient performance of the specified technological operation. The diagram is presented, the design is described and the working cycle of the vertical vacuum machine with the geometric capacity of the working bowl is 0.15 m is described; the main technological and dynamic calculations of the said machine are given. The calculations made it possible to create an advanced non-metal-intensive design of a vacuum machine for mixing minced meat and/or massaging meat raw materials, which meets current requirements for equipment of the purpose. Studies of the quality of mixing of ground meat have shown that vacuuming makes it possible to consistently achieve a better density of minced meat, and for minced meat processed on an atmospheric mixer, a more uniform distribution of components was characteristic.
The quantum entropy cone of hypergraphs
Authors: Bao Ning , Cheng Newton , Hernández-Cuenca Sergio , Su Vincent P.
Published: November 2020

In this work, we generalize the graph-theoretic techniques used for the holographic entropy cone to study hypergraphs and their analogously-defined entropy cone.
This allows us to develop a framework to efficiently compute entropies and prove inequalities satisfied by hypergraphs.
In doing so, we discover a class of quantum entropy vectors which reach beyond those of holographic states and obey constraints intimately related to the ones obeyed by stabilizer states and linear ranks.
We show that, at least up to 4 parties, the hypergraph cone is identical to the stabilizer entropy cone, thus demonstrating that the hypergraph framework is broadly applicable to the study of entanglement entropy.
We conjecture that this equality continues to hold for higher party numbers and report on partial progress on this direction.
To physically motivate this conjectured equivalence, we also propose a plausible method inspired by tensor networks to construct a quantum state from a given hypergraph such that their entropy vectors match.
Alcance de la culpa como teoría de la responsabilidad derivada de la conducción de vehículos en Colombia
Authors: Araque Bermúdez Guillermo
Published: November 2020

Este libro es el resultado de la investigación desarrollada en la línea de investigación; Debates jurídicos en el contexto global, asignado al grupo de investigación; GIELACID, de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de San Buenaventura. En este obra la autora pretende responder la pregunta de investigación ¿la teoría de la culpa de corte romanista es adecuada para sustentar la responsabilidad derivada de la actividad riesgosa de conducción de vehículos? En búsqueda de la respuesta de dicho interrogante, la autora divide la obra en cuatro capítulos, el primero denominado: Sistema de Responsabilidad Derivada de la Conducción de Automotores en Colombia; el segundo: Hacia una Nueva Teoría de la Responsabilidad por la Actividad Peligrosa de la Conducción de Vehículos; el tercero: El Seguro Obligatorio Como Medio de Difusión del Riesgo; y finalmente el cuarto capítulo: Análisis de la Regulación del Seguro Obligatorio para Vehículos en Colombia.
Strategies for managing N95 mask shortages at water resource recovery facilities during pandemics: a review
Authors: Maal-Bared Rasha , Loudon Jennifer
Published: November 2020

As the numbers of COVID-19 cases grew globally, the severe shortages of health care respiratory protective equipment impacted the ability of water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) to acquire N95 masks for worker protection. While the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) encourages WRRFs to conduct job safety assessments to mitigate risks from bioaerosols, it does not provide clear guidance on respiratory protection requirements, leaving the use of N95 masks across the industry non-standardized and difficult to justify. Strategies need to be developed to cope with shortages during pandemics, and these should take into consideration a WRRF's size and disinfection equipment available. Our objective is to provide an overview of respiratory protection-related practices recommended for health care professionals that apply to WRRFs (e.g., elimination, substitution, extended use, reuse, disinfection). Reviewed N95 mask disinfection strategies included using hydrogen peroxide, autoclaving, moist heat, dry heat, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), ethylene oxide, chlorine and ethanol. Of these, dry heat, autoclaving and UVGI present the most promise for WRRFs, with UVGI being limited to larger utilities. We recommend that WRRFs work closely with disinfection technology manufacturers, mask providers, health and safety staff and inspectors to develop suitable programs to cope with N95 mask shortages during pandemics.
Relational model of public-private partnership in railway transport
Authors: Sirina N. F. , Pershin V. P.
Published: November 2020

The main task facing the state is the solution of publicly significant issues to achieve public interests. Moreover, not every country has the necessary resources, especially in an unstable economic situation. In this case, increasing the efficiency of natural monopolies in the conjuncture of the transport market becomes the most relevant direction in government activities.

The article is devoted to the issues of public-private partnership in railway transport. First of all, projects with private capital that are being implemented should eliminate the limiting sections of the Russian railway network and ensure the development of large industrial regions by creating an extensive transport network, the formation of which is impossible without the participation of the state.

To increase the attractiveness of public-private partnership projects, the authors, taking into account the foundations of human capital management, have considered aspects of the additional effect for partners, which are defined by the concept of “relational effect”. Positive dynamics of socially oriented indicators, unaccounted in the agreement of the parties, reflect the presence of benefits from joint activities and positive relational effect, while negative change — about its absence.

Based on the studies performed, a mechanism for controlling operating costs based on an integral assessment has been proposed, which makes it possible to analyze the actual direct costs of partners and compare deviations from the established standards. This mechanism is used in the state vertically integrated procedure for centralized training of authorities in public-private partnership. The general algorithm of the relational model of interaction between investment parties is formalized, illustrated by the example of the implementation of a project for the construction of a railway transport infrastructure.

Mathematical support for the process of considering information on the project and making a decision on concluding an agreement on public-private partnership was carried out in the program “Automated system for consolidation, selection and control of the implementation of innovative projects of concession forms of management in railway transport”. The results obtained are integrated into the software complex for innovative development of facilities and are tuned for transformation, effective use of the potential of partners, investors, performers and industry enterprises.
On the creation of the Intelligent multimodal transport system of Russia and the project “Intelligent container chain“
Authors: Lapidus B. M.
Published: November 2020

In the article, the ideas for the development of unmanned freight vehicles and the construction of high-speed railways are transformed into an innovative resource-efficient and high-tech solution — the creation of an Intelligent Multimodal Transport System of Russia, and the development of projects and structures for unmanned vehicle freight traffic — into the “Intelligent Container Chain” project. The proposals put forward are based on an analysis of the potential of the Russian railways and its implications for the spatial development of the Russian Federation. The trends in the development of unmanned vehicles are analyzed and it is concluded that its implementation in Russia will require the construction of specialized road, energy and digital infrastructure with the appropriate allocation of land allocation and supply of energy, communications and other technological communications. The need to search for new scientific, technological and organizational solutions is shown to achieve synergy between the demand for container road transport and the infrastructural and technological capabilities available in the railway transport system. As such a decision, the expediency of developing a new Intelligent Multimodal Transport System under the auspices of the Russian Railways was substantiated. Priority directions for the development of this system, as well as technical and investment solutions and scientific and technological tasks necessary for its implementation, have been determined. At the same time, questions have been formulated that require scientific study. The advantages of the proposed system for increasing the efficiency of using the transport space and developing a breakthrough competitive infrastructure business of the Russian Railways are disclosed. The prospect of the formation on this basis of unique high-tech groundwork is shown, which makes it possible to realize the potential of Russian science and the transport complex and has a high export potential.
About structural elements of polymer insulators of the contact network
Authors: Luk’yanov A. M. , Luk’yanova A. A.
Published: November 2020

The high load on electrified lines makes tougher the requirements for the reliability and maintainability of power supply devices. Insulators are a critical element of the overhead contact network, and great attention is paid to improving their characteristics — electrical and mechanical strength. Advantages of polymer insulators in comparison with traditional ones made of porcelain and glass are generally recognized: manufacturability, low weight, compactness, ease of installation and transportation, high mechanical strength and shock resistance.

The article presents the results of comprehensive studies of the electrophysical characteristics of fiberglass rods and bars made of AG-4S carried out by the University of Railway Engineers (MIIT), which were used in the developed polymer structures of the contact network. Recommendations are given on the maintenance of fiberglass rods and bars from AG-4S and their engineering support. The issues of the mechanical strength of polymer insulators of the overhead contact network are covered quite fully, therefore, this article offers the basic principles for calculating their electrical strength. The main requirements for modern polymer insulators and design features are briefly presented for each type: suspended, tension, cantilever, fixing and supporting.
Kontribusi komunikasi dan keterampilan manajemen konflik kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru
Authors: Nugroho Syaifulloh
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1.) Mengetahui kontribusi komunikasi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru; 2.) Mengetahui kontribusi keterampilan manajemen konflik kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru; dan 3.) Mengetahui kontribusi komunikasi dan keterampilan manajemen konflik kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kecamatan Mlati, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis expost-facto dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru di SD Negeri Kecamatan Mlati, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta pada tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi sederhana dan regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kontribusi komunikasi dan keterampilan manajemen konflik kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru SD Negeri di Kecamatan Mlati, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Kontribusi komunikasi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru adalah sebesar 64,9%, kontribusi keterampilan manajemen konflik kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru adalah sebesar 80,6%, dan kontribusi komunikasi dan keterampilan manajemen konflik kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru adalah sebesar 85,8%. AbstractThis research aims to: 1.) Knowing the contribution of communication made by the headmaster to teacher performance; 2.) Knowing the contribution of headmaster conflict management skills to teacher performance, and 3.) Knowing the contribution of communication and conflict management skills by the headmaster to the performance of teachers in Primary Schools in Mlati District, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study uses a post-facto type with a quantitative approach. The study population was all teachers at the Primary School in Mlati District, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta in the academic year 2017/2018. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. Data analysis techniques using simple regression and multiple regression. The results of this study indicate that there is a contribution of communication and conflict management skills made by the principal to the performance of elementary school teachers in the Mlati District, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The contribution of communication made by the headmaster to teacher performance was 64.9%, the contribution of conflict management skills made by the headmaster to teacher performance was 80.6%, and the contribution of communication and conflict management skills made by the headmaster to performance the teacher is 85.8%.
Modal sosial dan upaya meretas kekerasan di sekolah
Authors: Hasdiansyah Andi
Published: November 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan membedah dan mencari akar kekerasan yang terjadi di sekolah dari berbagai konteks. Penulis menggunakan bingkai teori modal sosial dalam upaya memecahkan masalah kekerasan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah analisis fakta dan kajian konseptual terkait bagaimana teori modal sosial bekerja. Analisis multi-konteks digunakan untuk menemukan sebuah pola yang lebih rinci terkait usaha pencegahan dan pemecahan perilaku kekerasan peserta didik. Pada intinya, keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat memiliki peran penting dalam pendidikan. Proses pendidikan itu sendiri harus mendasarkan aktivitasnya pada kemajemukan sebagai sebuah cara mengkomunikasikan perbedaan.AbstractThis article aims to dissect and search for the roots of violence that occur in schools from various contexts. The author uses the frame of social capital theory in an effort to solve the problem of violence. The method used in this article is fact analysis and conceptual studies related to how social capital theory works. The multi-context analysis is used to find a more detailed pattern related to efforts to prevent and solve the violent behavior of students. In essence, family, school, and society have an important role in education. The education process itself must base its activities on pluralism as a way of communicating differences
Penerapan model pembelajaran explicit instruction terhadap hasil belajar gambar teknik
Authors: Sari Desi Novita , Panjaitan Chelsea Romaida , Sinaga Enny Keristiana , Suhairiani Suhairiani
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Gambar Teknik dengan standart kompetensi menerapkan dasar dasar gambar konstruksi bangunan pada kompetensi menggambar proyeksi orthogonal (MPO) melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Explicit Instruction di kelas XI SMK Negeri 5 Medan. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Prosedur penelitian dikemas dalam bentuk siklus 1 pembelajaran menggambar  dasar dasar gambar kontruksi bangunan dan pada siklus II pembelajaran menggambar proyeksi orthogonal (MPO). Subjek penelitian ini peserta didik kelas XI Program keahlian Desain Permodelan dan Informasi Bangunan SMK Negeri 5 Medan yang berjumlah 27 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan observasi , sedangkan teknik analisis data hasil belajar peserta didik diperoleh dengan menganalisa tingkat ketuntasan peserta didik. Hasil penelitian diperoleh peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik yaitu dari 24 peserta didik (88,8%) yang lulus pada siklus I menjadi 27 peserta didik (100% ) yang lulus pada siklus II. Berdasarkan pengamatan aktivitas peserta didik dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Explicit Instruction dapat menuntun peserta didik lebih aktif dalam belajar dan menambah tanggung jawab dan kemandirian dalam diri peserta didik. Disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Explicit Instruction dikelas XI Program Keahlian Desain Permodelan dan Informasi Bangunan pada mata pelajaran Gambar Teknik dengan standart kompetensi dasar-dasar gambar konstruksi bangunan dan kompetensi dasar menggambar proyeksi orthogonal pada SMK Negeri 5 Medan Tahun Ajaran 2016-2017 membuktikan peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik yang siqnifikan.
Cognitive-Communicative Predictors of Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lee Mi Sook
Published: November 2020

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the preclinical stage and sign of dementia. It is also important for guidance in the prevention and intervention of neurological disease. The purpose of this study was to review literatures on cognitive/communicative and other predictors of MCI patients systematically, and to propose the evidence-based data including effect sizes of them using a meta-analysis method. Fifty-seven researches published since 2010, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were entered into the analysis. They were analyzed in a methodological and content level, and the effect sizes were calculated by 3 predictors. Predictive values were pooled from cognitive (10 domains), communicative (9 domains), and other (3 domains). The main findings were as follows. Firstly, the general target population for studies was older adults over the age of 55, and most studies included at least 2 types of predictors. Secondly, average effect sizes of 3 predictors in MCI were all significant. Thirdly, cognitive predictors like memory and general cognition had significant and high-level effect sizes. Fourthly, communicative predictors including comprehension and word fluency had moderate-level effect sizes significantly. Lastly, all demographic and neuropsychological (age, education, depression) predictors had significant and moderate-level effect sizes. Our results provide the evidence-based information to predict MCI. Especially, specific cognitive and communicative predictors may contribute to increase the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in MCI. This study is also expected to present clinically available data and increase the effect in intervention for MCI.
Assessing direct costs of treating metastatic triple-negative breast cancer in the USA
Authors: Skinner Karen E , Haiderali Amin , Huang Min , Schwartzberg Lee S
Published: November 2020

Aim:
Evaluation of monthly cost during metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) treatment.
Patients & methods:
Retrospective electronic medical record review of US females aged ≥18 years diagnosed with mTNBC between 1 January 2010 and 31 January 2016. Mean monthly costs per patient were evaluated from start of mTNBC treatment until transfer to hospice, end of record or 3 months prior to death.
Results:
The mean monthly cost of first line was $21,908 for 505 treated patients; 50.2% of cost was attributable to hospitalization and emergency department visits, and 32.7% to anticancer therapy. Similar patterns were observed for subsequent lines of therapy.
Conclusion:
The majority of costs were attributable to hospitalization and emergency department services, suggesting a need for effective interventions to reduce utilization of costly services.
Perbedaan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education dan Pendekatan Problem Solving
Authors: Ulfah Siti Yuaeni , Kowiyah Kowiyah , Fernandez Daniel
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa antara penerapan pendekatan RME (Realistic Mathematics Education) dan pendekatan Problem Solving. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Gedong 01 Jakarta Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuasi eksperimen dengan desain non-equivalent posttest-only control group. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 60 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok eksperimen 1 menggunakan pendekatan RME dan kelompok eksperimen 2 menggunakan pendekatan problem solving. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep dalam bentuk essay.Teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah Uji-t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Uji-t diperoleh thitung = 6,69 dan ttabel = 2,00 maka H0 ditolak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa sekolah dasar yang menggunakan pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) dan pendekatan problem solving.
Kemampuan Literasi Matematika Siswa Sekolah Dasar Indonesia
Authors: Indriani Ari , Novianti Dwi Erna
Published: November 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan literasi matematika siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SD Negeri 3 Kunduran. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri 3 Kunduran yang berjumlah 39 siswa. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode observasi, tes uraian, dan dokumentasi. Tes yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dilakukan validitas isi, tingkat kesukaran, daya pembeda, dan reliabilitas. Soal yang digunakan berjumlah 4 soal. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini adalah analisis data kualitatif model Miles dan Hubermen. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang mampu mengerjakan soal dengan level 4 adalah siswa yang lebih banyak menjawab benar pada soal nomor 2. Siswa yang mengerjakan soal level 3 adalah siswa yang lebih banyak menjawab benar pada soal nomor 4. Ini menunjukkan siswa kelas 5 SD Negeri 3 Kunduran telah mempunyai kemampuan literasi matematika dengan baik.
Behavior Contract and Class Routine for Primary Students: A Case Study in Non-Formal English Institution
Authors: Fitriani Somariah
Published: November 2020

The objective of the study is to expound the importance of behavior contract and class routine activity as the first initiative step to reduce students’ misbehavior and improve their interaction among peers. The researcher conducted mini experiment of “behavior contract” and “class routine” in teaching primary students as a part of learning process in Intensive English Course (IEC) as one of non-formal English institutions. 16 students between 10 to 12 years old participated in the research. For data collection, this paper relies on participant observation, checklist, interviews and literature reviews. The researcher acted as a key instrument to observe, take note and check the lists of behavior contract agreed and signed between teacher and students with parents’ prior notice. The research has revealed that the students have shown better improvement in term of behavior and attitudes. They also exhibit better interaction and improve their English-speaking skill since all students study English. To infer, the role of teachers who become ultimate keys to quality learning and education in disseminating the idea of respect, character building for others has a profound effect on students’ behavior and attitudes so as to have mutual understanding.
Pengaruh Contextual Teaching and Learning Tipe Card Match dan Realistic Mathematics Education Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematika
Authors: Juliansyah Yoga
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya perbedaan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Tipe Card Match dan Realistic Mathematic Education (RME) terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematika siswa sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimen semu dengan desain penelitian posttest-only design. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 64 siswa kelas IV SDN Batu Ampar 02 Pagi Jakarta Timur. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes kemampuan komunikasi matematika siswa yang berbentuk essai sebanyak 7 soal dengan nilai skor maksimal 4 dan terendah 0, yang sebelumnya telah dilakukan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kemampuan komunikasi matematika kelas Eksperimen I menggunakan CTL tipe Card Match sebesar 19,3 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas Eksperimen II menggunakan RME sebesar 18. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan model pembelajaran CTL Tipe Card Match dengan model pembelajaran Realistic Mathematic Education terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematika peserta didik SDN Batu Ampar 02 Pagi Jakarta Timur.
Traditional Games as a Multicultural Education Planning for Children in Primary Schools
Authors: Ariesta Freddy Widya , Maftuh Bunyamin
Published: November 2020

This study aims to examine the planting of values of multicultural education in children in Primary Schools through traditional games. This is motivated by the diversity of cultures, races, languages, and religions in Indonesia. Traditional children's games or called “Dolanan Anak” is one of the nation's cultural assets that must be preserved. Traditional games not only provide value for recreation or pleasure. More than that, traditional games also contain and contain elements of cultural values that are identical to multicultural education. These values are cultural heritage, which is full of the meaning of goodness and is useful in developing community life in children. This article is a study of the research literature that describes traditional games as an attempt to integrate the values of multicultural education. This importance is given to children or students of Primary Schools age in the hope that the children can understand early on that the diversity of national cultures is a vehicle to foster tolerance and respect in their living environment and the external environment that has a diversity of cultures.
Pengembangan Media Audio Menyimak Tematik Berbasis Fitrah Bagi Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Saifudin Muhamad Fakhrur , Sukma Hanum Hanifa
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Membangkan media audio keterampilan berbahasa menyimak tematik berbasis fitrah siswa sekolah dasar; (2) mengetahui kelayakan media audio keterampilan berbahasa menyimak tematik berbasis fitrah siswa sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development).Model yang digunakan adalah model ADDIE yang terdiri dari 5 (lima) langkah yaitu: (1) analisis (analyze), (2) perancangan (design), (3) pengembangan (development), (4) implementasi (implementation), dan (5) evaluasi (evaluation). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa berdasarkan uji kelayakan yang didasarkan dari validator ahli materi, pembelajaran, dan kebahasaan dinyatakan bahwa media menyimak audio tematik berbasis fitrahdengan kriteria “sangat sesuai”. Hasil uji coba lapangan menunjukkan kelayakan media sebagai sarana pembelajaran tematik SD sebesar 86,5% sehingga dapat dijadikan alternatif dalam pemilihan media pembelajaran menyimak.
O acolhimento da gravidez em comunidade cristã: os desafios da responsabilidade parental
Authors: Sanches Mário Antônio , Lima Luiz Fernando de
Published: November 2020

Este artigo se situa no contexto do planejamento familiar com o objetivo principal de identificar o quanto agentes de pastoral de uma comunidade cristã acolheram a gravidez do primeiro fi lho. Método: Este trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo realizada com 278 agentes de pastoral da Diocese de Jacarezinho, estado do Paraná, Sul do Brasil. A pesquisa foi efetivada a partir da aplicação do Instrumento de Pesquisa: Planejamento de Parentalidade no Contexto da Bioética. A amostra estudada apresentou um perfil predominantemente feminino, com idade acima de 46 anos, com menos de três filhos, de casados e com escolaridade de ensino médio completo ou acima. Resultado: Este artigo explora a resposta dos participantes da pesquisa à indagação: “Qual foi a sua reação ao anúncio da gravidez do primeiro filho?” De acordo com as possibilidades de respostas apresentadas, o resultado foi o seguinte: revolta 0,5%, preocupação 13,1%, surpresa 4,7%, aceitação 7,9% e alegria 64,8%. Esses dados foram cruzados e explorados na perspectiva de gênero, idade da primeira gravidez, estado civil, situação de empregabilidade e número de filhos. Conclusão: A pesquisa revela pontos de convergência entre o pensamento da liderança religiosa e a prática de agentes de pastoral relacionados com o planejamento familiar, mas também demonstra tensões e dificuldades.
A teologia trinitária como contribuição para o diálogo inter-religioso no pentecostalismo brasileiro
Authors: Lima Adriano Sousa
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo reflete sobre a teologia trinitária como contribuição para o diálogo inter-religioso no pentecostalismo (Assembleias de Deus) brasileiro. A fé cristã confessa que Deus é Trindade, Deus é relação. O objetivo do texto é demonstrar que apenas uma teologia trinitária pode contribuir de forma eficaz para o diálogo inter-religioso no pentecostalismo. Tendo como referência os teólogos pentecostais Amos Yong e Stanley Horton e os teólogos reformados Jürgen Moltmann e Karl Barth, o autor demonstra que a relação entre o Pai, o Filho e o Espírito é a base para que pentecostais possam entrar em diálogo com outras religiões. Esse diálogo, como sempre, é proposto da perspectiva da fé e firmado na própria identidade cristã. O autor conclui que a teologia trinitária, na medida em que estabelece uma relação plena entre as pessoas da Trindade, é um elemento significativo para o diálogo inter-religioso no pentecostalismo brasileiro.
Hipótese de intertextualidade de Jr 4,5-31 em Gn 1,1-2,4b
Authors: Ribeiro Osvaldo Luiz
Published: November 2020

Artigo exegético. Procura-se analisar a hipótese de Gn 1,1-2,4b ter-se servido de Jr 4,5-31. Em geral, a pesquisa opera com a hipótese contrária: Jr 4,5-31 teria se servido de Gn 1,1-3. Para defender a hipótese de que Gn 1,1-3 pode ter-se servido de Jr 4,23-26, e não necessariamente o contrário, propõe-se recuperar o sentido histórico das imagens evocadas na cosmogonia, afastando-o da tradicional perspectiva de vinculá-las à ideia de “caos”, própria da tradição grega e judaico-cristãs. Como resultado da operação, os termos empregados em Gn 1,1-3 podem ser lidos na mesma dimensão com que aparecem em Jr 4,23-26: lá, servem para descrever “descriação” – isto é, a destruição de Jerusalém –, enquanto cá servem para descrever a própria “criação” – isto é, a reconstrução de Jerusalém. Gn 1,1-3 teria empregado as imagens que empregou, porque Jr 4,5-31 as havia empregado. Inclusive, o que não se tem observado, a noção de רוּחַ como o agente da “descriação”.
A decolonialidade da Teologia na América Latina e seus fundamentos bíblicos
Authors: Correia Júnior João Luiz
Published: November 2020

A decolonialidade, do ponto de vista acadêmico, é uma ferramenta de análise para o estudo crítico da relação entre áreas do conhecimento e colonialidade. Tendo presente esse conceito, o atual trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar que a teologia desenvolvida na América Latina na segunda metade do século XX contribuiu para o processo de decolonialização da teologia católica e protestante. A partir de fundamentos bíblicos, a teologia desenvolvida na América Latina alicerçou uma reflexão teológica madura e uma prática missionária contextualizada, voltada para enfrentar os desafios socioeconômicos, sociopolíticos e socioculturais do continente latino-americano, que durante séculos foi colonizado pela Europa católica. Trata-se, portanto, de um estudo baseado em pesquisa bíblico-teológica, cujos resultados apontam para o fato de que, na América Latina, surgiu e se desenvolve uma teologia decolonizada, tanto no âmbito católico como no meio protestante.
Pensamento na fronteira e Teologia Prática: um diálogo com o suma kawsay / suma qamaña ou buen vivir
Authors: Adam Júlio Cézar , Schmiedt Streck Valburga , Streck Danilo Romeu
Published: November 2020

Este texto tem como objetivo contribuir com as discussões sobre a Teologia Prática em relação à sociedade a partir de uma perspectiva da assim chamada epistemologia do sul, entendendo o sul em uma forma metafórica, representando alternativas à visão hegemônica do mundo. Entendemos que a Teologia Prática tem um desafio importante de ajudar as igrejas e aqueles expostos à fé cristã em reconhecer o seu contexto social-histórico e com isso promover o chamado de vida em abundância. O argumento neste texto é que a Teologia Prática pode aprender de diferentes cosmovisões e de práticas sociais que emergem das antigas tradições culturais latino-americanas, contribuindo dessa forma para uma abertura da teologia tradicional baseada na epistemologia eurocêntrica, por mais sofisticada que essa se apresenta. A primeira parte deste texto apresenta uma breve reflexão sobre a discussão epistemológica na América Latina e em outras partes do mundo na perspectiva da metáfora do sul. Segue uma apresentação do buen vivir, que nas últimas décadas tem sido incorporado no repertório de alternativas. Por último, há uma reflexão da contribuição do buen vivir com a Teologia Prática.
Cuidado espiritual e a busca da integralidade do ser humano: reflexões a partir da teologia de Dietrich Bonhoeffer
Authors: Ruthes Vanessa Roberta Massambani , Esperandio Mary Rute Gomes
Published: November 2020

No Brasil, especialmente na última década, o cuidado espiritual emergiu como tópico relevante no campo da saúde, sobretudo em relação à questão ser ou não possível integrá-lo nas práticas de cuidado. Contudo, os estudos carecem de uma noção clara do que vem a ser cuidado espiritual. Este artigo tem como objetivo contribuir no aspecto teórico do debate trazendo para o contexto dessas discussões a perspectiva teológica. Para tanto, a noção de cuidado espiritual é aqui apresentada com base na refl exão de Dietrich Bonhoeffer, principalmente a partir das obras Seelsorge [Spiritual Care] e Resistência e Submissão. Nesta última, em especial, concebendo o ser humano como ser integral fundado no conceito de anthropos teleios, o teólogo alemão discute a prática de um cuidado espiritual que acolhe e cuida do humano que se encontra existencialmente em um mundo sem Deus. Bonhoeffer considera que o cuidado espiritual não se dá necessariamente por meio de aspectos religiosos, mas pela promoção de uma busca ampla e profunda de sentido, vinculada, sobretudo, a uma condição existencial signifi cante. Assim, Bonhoeffer apresenta o cuidado espiritual como aquele que busca a integralidade da pessoa humana.
O cuidado diante das injustiças: uma análise sobre a práxis da poimênica e do aconselhamento pastoral na relação com o contexto latino-americano
Authors: Stumpf João Henrique , Herbes Nilton Eliseu
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo se propõe a analisar a práxis da poimênica e do aconselhamento pastoral na relação com o contexto social, político, econômico e cultural latino-americano, identificando suas principais características dentro dos respectivos ramos eclesiais, onde ela é refletida e exercitada. A análise demonstrou, em termos gerais, que a poimênica e o aconselhamento pastoral enfrentam inúmeras dificuldades para assumir o contexto social, político, religioso e até mesmo cultural, como parte de sua missão. Sua orientação individualista e reducionista impede que se aliem às lutas por libertação em andamento no continente. Facilmente adquirem uma característica paliativa ao isolar o indivíduo do contexto histórico no qual está inserido. Boa parte dessas dificuldades está ligada à sua excessiva dependência de modelos e pressupostos estadunidenses e europeus.