bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting the Performance of State Civil Servants at the Education and Culture Services of Kaur District
Authors: Sari Yosi Novita , Gyatri Ida Ayu Made Ermetha , Hidayah Nenden Restu
Published: October 2021

The method used in collecting data for this research is a questionnaire. The data analysis method in this research is quantitative, and the sample in this study is 140 customers. Based on the results of this study concluded that: The regression equation obtained from the research results are as follows: Y = 6.263 + 0.588X1 + 0.574 X2 + e. The value of the termination coefficient R2 = 0.792. This value means that independent and dependent, contributed 79.2% in influencing the dependent variable while the rest was influenced by other variables not examined. The t test is used to determine the effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable by looking at the tsig value compared to 0.05. From the table above, the tsig value of X1 is 0.001, and X2 is 0.005. From the tsig value, it is found that the X1 variable has an effect on Y and the X2 variable has an effect on Y, 4). Fsig value 0.002 < 0.05, so it can be concluded that the variables (X1) and (X2) have an effect on the variable (Y) or together have a simultaneous effect
An Analysis of Service Quality Towards Customer Satisfaction Using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) Method
Authors: Arghisa Dhea , Afriani Sulisti , Rahman Abdul
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to measure the level of service satisfaction provided by Bank Bengkulu Sub-Branch Ipuh to customers, determine the dimensions of service expected by customers (expected) and those received by customers (perceive) and examine the difference (gap) between service quality expected by customers. customers with the quality of service received by customers. This research is a type of descriptive research with a quantitative approach. Descriptive research is research that leads to the disclosure of a problem or situation as it is and reveals an existing fact, although sometimes interpretation or analysis is given. Based on the results of the calculation of the Customer Satisfaction Index (IKP) Bank Bengkulu Ipuh Sub-Branch obtained a total service satisfaction score of 64.64 which is included in the quite satisfactory category. There are 5 dimensions of service quality tested, there is 1 dimension with a satisfactory assessment, namely the dimension of physical evidence (69,76). While the other 4 dimensions, namely reliability (63.20), responsiveness (65.12), assurance (63.04) and empathy (62.40) each received a satisfactory rating. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the level of service quality of Bank Bengkulu Sub-Branch Ipuh is considered satisfactory according to customers of Bank Bengkulu Sub-Branch Ipuh.
Registering content with Crossref or DataCite
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: October 2021

This blog started registering DOIs for its content with Crossref last week, and all 450+ blog posts so far were registered by Monday morning. This enables the easy import into reference managers (here using Zotero): Using Zotero or any other reference manager this blog post can now be easily cited: 1. Fenner M. The Front Matter blog now uses DOIs. Front Matter. Published online October 14, 2021.
VARIATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD FROM Ochroma pyramidale IN THE LONGITUDINAL AND RADIAL SENSE OF THE SLEW
Authors: Stange Rafaela , Buss Rodrigo , De Souza Luana Muller , Melo Natalia Durigon , Monteiro Thiago Campos , Rios Polliana D'Angelo
Published: October 2021

The work aimed to characterize the wood of the species Ochroma pyramidale in the longitudinal and radial direction of the tree. For the study, five six-year old trees were used. Discs were removed at different heights of the stem. The samples were obtained from each disk in different regions between the pith and bark. The preparation and the anatomical analysis of the permanent and temporary slides, chemical analyzes, and basic density measure of the stem wood were carried out according to technical standards. As a result, it was observed that the highest averages for pore diameter and fiber length were found in the region close to the bark at all heights. Regarding to the rays, it was noted that there was an interaction between the longitudinal x radial factors for most of the parameters evaluated, except for the width of the rays. For fiber lumen diameter and vessel length, the same trend line was found, the highest average observed in the region close to the pith. In the chemical analyzes, it was possible to observe that there was no significant difference in the longitudinal direction of the wood except for solubility in cold water. For basic density, there was an increase in the region closer to the pith compared to the region closer to the bark. However, in relation to the longitudinal position of the bole, the highest values were found at the base of the bole. It could be seen that the Ochroma pyramidale species has potential use for products linked to thermal and acoustic insulation, production of particleboards and pulp and paper production.
CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BARK COMPOUNDS FROM CAATINGA SPECIES
Authors: Silva Thiago Cardoso , Braz Rafael Leite , Araujo Emmanoella Costa Guaraná , Silva Gisely Alves da , Palha Maria de Los Angeles Perez Fernandez
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to chemically characterize the bark extracts from three tree species: Anacardium occidentale L., Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth., in addition to obtaining the soluble extract content in water, alcohol and hexane from the bark of these species. The bark was collected from branches of the three species and subsequently pre-dried and milled. The extract content was then determined using the Sohxlet method aiming to quantify the total extractives in the samples, and determine the extract content soluble in water, ethyl alcohol and hexane. The extracts were further analyzed by Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis to determine their chemical composition. The extract contents in the three species behaved in a similar way, with hexane being the solvent which extracted more compounds and juazeiro the species that displayed the highest total extract content. With the chemical characterization of the extracts, it was possible to identify the presence of functional groups characteristic of carbohydrates and proteins in the aqueous extracts; the presence of characteristic hydroxyl group, for example in alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and ethers in the ethanolic extracts; and the presence of fatty acids and aromatic compounds (essential oils) in hexanolic extracts. The essential oils were the compounds which presented larger quantities, and can be exploited by the pharmaco-chemical industry.
Long term rainfall variability and trend analysis in lower Shivaliks of Punjab, India
Authors: KAUR NAVNEET , YOUSUF ABRAR , SINGH M. J.
Published: October 2021

The trend analysis of historical rainfall data on monthly, annual and seasonal basis for three locations in lower Shivaliks of Punjab, viz., Patiala-ki-Rao (1982-2015), Ballowal Saunkhri (1987-2015) and Saleran (1984-2017) has been done in the present study using linear regression model, Mann Kendall test and Sen’s slope. Further, the data for annual and seasonal rainfall and rainy days has also been analyzed on quindecennial basis, i.e., for the period of 1986-2000 and 2001-2015. The analysis of data showed that annual rainfall in the region ranged from 1000 to 1150 mm. The trend analysis of the data shows that the monthly rainfall is decreasing at Patiala-ki-Rao and Saleran, however, the trend was significant for May at Patiala-ki-Rao; and in March and November at Saleran. At Ballowal Saunkhri, the decreasing trend is observed from May to October, however, the trend is significant only in August. The decrease in annual and monsoon rainfall is about 13 to 17 mm and 12 to 13 mm per year respectively at three locations in lower Shivaliks of Punjab. The highest annual (1600-2000 mm) and monsoon (1500-1800 mm) rainfall during the entire study period was recorded in the year 1988 at three locations. The decadal analysis of the data shows below normal rainfall during April to October. The analysis of the rainfall and rainy days on monthly, annual and seasonal averages of 15 year basis showed that both rainfall and rainy days have decreased during the 2001-2015 as compared to 1986-2000 during all the seasons of the year.
Effects of glutamine and glutamate on nursery piglets fed diets with different digestible lysine content
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Gomes Maykelly da Silva , Valente Júnior Dante Teixeira ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Silva Francisco Carlos de Oliveira ,   Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Cunha Júnior Ronaldo Lopes ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Ribeiro Junior Valdir ,   Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Saraiva Alysson ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Rocha Gabriel Cipriano ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Published: October 2021

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of glutamine and glutamate (Gln/Glu) on the growth performance and immune response of nursery pigs fed different digestible lysine content. Two hundred and sixteen piglets, weaned at 21 days old, were assigned to a randomized block design according to their initial body weight (BW), in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two levels of lysine (control-lys and low-lys) and two levels of Gln/Glu (0 and 12 g kg-1), with nine replicates. At 26 d, piglets consuming the low-lys diet not supplemented with Gln/Glu presented a higher (P < 0.01) incidence of diarrhea than the other treatments. From 21 to 32 d of age, the piglets fed the control-lys diets performed better than those fed low-lys diets (P < 0.01). From 21 to 42 d of age, there was a correlation (P < 0.01) between lysine level and Gln/Glu supplementation for average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion (FC). Gln/Glu supplementation improved (P < 0.05) the ADFI of pigs fed the low-lys diets, resulting in a higher (P < 0.01) average daily weight gain (ADG) and BW; however, worse (P < 0.05) FC. Piglets consuming control-lys diets had higher (P < 0.05) serum urea nitrogen concentration (SUN) and IgG than low-lys piglets. In addition, Gln/Glu supplementation correlated with higher (P < 0.01) SUN. Dietary supplementation of glutamine and glutamate improved the growth performance of weaned piglets from 21 to 42 days of age, regardless of the diets’ lysine levels. In addition, reducing lysine levels 10% below the requirement negatively affects the growth performance and the immune response of nursery piglets.
Covariance functions under B-spline polynomials to model Polled Nellore cattle growth
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Piauí, Cavalcante Diego Helcias , Luz Carlos Syllas Monteiro ,   Universidade Federal do Piauí, Oliveira Marcelo Richelly Alves de ,   Instituto de Ensino Superior Múltiplo, Fonseca Wéverton José Lima ,   Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Evangelista Amauri Felipe ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Martins Filho Raimundo ,   Universidade Federal do Cariri, Malhado Carlos Henrique Mendes ,   Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Azevêdo Danielle Maria Machado Ribeiro ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Santos Karina Rodrigues dos ,   Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Sousa Júnior Severino Cavalcante de ,   Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba
Published: October 2021

B-spline functions have been used in random regression models (RRM) to model animal weight from birth to adulthood because they are less vulnerable to common difficulties of other methods. However, its application to model growth traits of Polled Nellore cattle has been little studied. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate polynomial functions of different orders and segment numbers to model effects associated with the Polled Nellore cattle growth curve. For this purpose, we used 15,148 weight records of 3,115 animals aged between 1 and 660 days and reared in northern Brazil and born between 1995 and 2010. Random effects were modeled using B-spline polynomials. As random effects, we considered the direct and maternal genetic additives, as well as direct and maternal permanent environments. As fixed effects were included contemporary group, cow age at calving (linear and quadratic) and fourth-order Legendre polynomials to represent average growth curve. The residue was modeled by considering seven age classes. The bestfitted model was the one that considered cubic B-spline functions with four knots for direct additive genetic effects and three knots for maternal genetic, animal permanent environment, and maternal permanent environment effects (C6555). Therefore, covariance functions under B-spline polynomials are efficient and can be used to model the growth curve of Polled Nellore cattle from birth to 660 days of age.
Mombaça grass yield as a function of nitrogen fertilization based on the use of the chlorophyll meter
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Leite Lorrayne Lays Ferreira , Backes Clarice ,   Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Godoy Leandro José Grava de ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Santos Alessandro José Marques ,   Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Teodoro Arthur Gabriel ,   Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Rodrigues Lucas Matheus ,   Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Resende Cinthya Cristina Fernandes de ,   Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Ribon Adriana Aparecida ,   Universidade Estadual de Goiás
Published: October 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and agronomic efficiency of mombaça grass achieved with the management of nitrogen fertilization, based on the nitrogen sufficiency index (NSI) calculated using measurements obtained with a chlorophyll meter. The experiment was conducted in the field, in São Luís de Montes Belos - GO, Brazil, from November 2016 to May 2018, as a randomized-block design with six treatments and five replicates. Treatments consisted of six N fertilization management strategies (M), namely, M1 - reference, with 150 kg ha-1 N per application; M2 - recommended, with 50 kg ha-1 N per application; M3 - 50 kg ha-1 N when NSI < 98%; M4 - 50 kg ha-1 N when NSI < 94%; M5 - 50 kg ha-1 N when NSI < 90%; and M6 - control treatment, without N application. The NSI was monitored based on the relative chlorophyll content obtained with the chlorophyll meter. Forage canopy height, tiller density, and yield were evaluated. At the end of the 2nd cycle, the recommended, reference, NSI98%, NSI94%, and NSI90% treatments had received 1,050, 350, 300, 250, and 0 kg N ha-1. Control treatment obtained the lowest dry biomass yield, whereas the recommended, NSI98%, and NSI94% treatments showed the highest. Thus, N doses between 1,950 and 300 kg ha-1, in the second cycle, provided statistically equivalent yields in mombaça grass. Considering the DM of both evaluation cycles, the highest yield was achieved with the NSI98% and NSI94% treatments. The application of N doses of 250 to 1050 kg ha-1 provided similar yields. Therefore, the adoption of a nitrogen sufficiency index below 98% and 94% as a parameter allows a reduction and rational use of nitrogen fertilizer.
Intake and digestibility of nutrients during the grazing period in sheep on deferred marandu pastures with four initial heights
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Silva Jhonatan Gonçalves , Fonseca Letícia Marques da ,   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Reis Laura Andrade ,   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Oliveira Dallety Haloma Alves Miler de ,   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Silva Natascha Almeida Marques da ,   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Santos Manoel Eduardo Rozalino ,   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Silva Simone Pedro da ,   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Published: October 2021

The objective of this study was to verify the effect of reducing in pasture height at the beginning of the deferment period (PHBD) of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu on nutrient intake and digestibility in sheep during winter. The combinations between average sward heights (15, 25, 35 and 45 cm) at the beginning of the deferment period and the times of sward use during the winter were evaluated; intake and digestibility evaluations were carried out at the beginning, middle and end of the grazing period, which lasted 90 days. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with three replications. The parameters evaluated were: intake and digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and potentially digestible dry matter (pDDM). The pDDM contents were similar in pastures kept with 15 and 25 cm, but higher than those observed in pastures with 35 and 45 cm at the beginning of the deferment period. The NDF contents were lower and the CP and NDF digestibility were higher in 15 and 25 cm deferred pastures than in 35 cm at the beginning of deferment period, except for pastures lowered to 45cm. The improvement in nutritional value of the forage apparently ingested by sheep, promoted by ISP reduction, did not result in a variation in pasture consumption by the animals. DMI, expressed as percentage of body weight (%BW), ranged from 1.10 to 1.63. At the beginning of the grazing period, higher values of pDDM, CP and DM digestibility (DMD) were verified in simulated grazing samples. The same response pattern observed for nutritional value traits also occurred for DMI (g.day-1 and %BW) and CP intake. These were higher at the beginning, than at the middle and end of the grazing period. The use of lower sward heights at the beginning of the deferment period allowed the production of pasture with better nutritional quality, but these changes in the nutritional value of the pasture were insufficient to result in higher nutrient intake and digestibility. Furthermore, there was a reduction in nutritional value of the forage apparently consumed by sheep, in the intake and digestibility of deferred pastures throughout the grazing period, in winter. The lower pastures at the beginning of the deferment period (15 cm) improves the nutritional value of forage and nutrient digestibility at the beginning of the winter grazing period. The nutritional value and intake of deferred forage by sheep are compromised by the grazing period.
PENGARUH SIKAP SKEPTISME, TEKANAN WAKTU DAN INDEPENDENSI TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT PADA KANTOR INSPEKTORAT ACEH
Authors: Rahmah Yulianti  , Khairuna  , Cut Hamdiah  , Zulfan
Published: October 2021

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the attitude of skepticism, time pressure and independence jointly (simultaneously) and partially affecting audit quality at the Aceh Inspectorate Office. The data method will collect each variable as a value from each respondent and can be calculated through the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) program version 22.0. The data analysis method uses statistical calculations and the SPSS program to test the predetermined hypothesis whether it can be accepted or rejected. In this study, statistical calculations used the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Model. The research method used is quantitative with data collection techniques in the form of a questionnaire. The results of the study show that simultaneously the variables of skepticism, time pressure and independence have an influence on the quality of the audit results at the Aceh Inspectorate Office. Partially or individually (t test) skepticism (2.128 <1.681) had a low effect on audit quality at the Aceh Inspectorate Office, time pressure (5,542 <1,681) had a moderate effect on audit quality at the Aceh Inspectorate Office, independence (2.099 <1.681) has a low impact on audit quality at the Aceh Inspectorate Office.

Keywords: Skeptics, Time Pressure and Audit Quality Independence

 

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji sikap skeptisme, tekanan waktu dan independensi secara bersama-sama (simultan) dan parsial berpengaruh terhadap kualitas audit pada kantor inspektorat aceh. Metode data akan dihimpun setiap variabel sebagai suatu nilai dari setiap responden dan dapat dihitung melalui program Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) versi 22.0. Metode analisa data menggunakan perhitungan statistik dan program SPSS untuk menguji hipotesis yang telah ditetapkan apakah dapat diterima atau ditolak. Dalam penelitian ini perhitungan statistik menggunakan Model Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa kuisioner. Hasil penelitian  menyebutkan secara simultan variabel sikap skeptisme, tekanan waktu dan independensi mempunyai pengaruh terhadap kualitas hasil audit pada Kantor Inspektorat Aceh. Secara parsial atau individual (Uji t) sikap skeptisme (2.128 < 1.681) berpengaruh secara rendah terhadap kualitas audit pada Kantor Inspektorat Aceh, tekanan waktu (5.542 < 1.681) berpengaruh secara sedang terhadap kualitas audit pada Kantor Inspektorat Aceh, independensi (2.099 < 1.681) berpengaruh secara rendah terhadap kualitas audit pada Kantor Inspektorat Aceh.

Kata Kunci : Sikap Skeptisme, Tekanan Waktu Dan Independensi Kualitas Audit
EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS STUDIES OF PTSD AFTER INFECTION OF SARS-COV-2 AND NEUROCOVID-19
Authors: Pąchalska Maria , Nowaczyk Natalia
Published: October 2021

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) hospitalisation is a potentially traumatic experience, especially in severe cases. Furthermore, the unprecedented context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with the daily media bombardment about COVID-19 mortality, may have amplified its life-threatening perception also in patients with moderate infection. The purpose of our study was twofold: 1) to evaluate QEEG/ERPs shows of PTSD associated with severe infection SARS-CoV-2, and neuroCOVID-19, 2) to construct a neurofeedback protocol based on these indices to support the psychotherapy of the case study described herein.

Patient N.C. 49, a frontline healthcare worker in the emergency services (an ambulance driver), became ill with Covid-19 on November 14, 2020. Initially, he lost his sense of smell (anosmia), of taste (ageusia), and had latent blinks (heterophila), headaches, and dizziness. After 10 days of illness, the patient had additionally a dry cough and a shortness of breath and he was hospitalized, sedated and mechanically ventilated for 24 days. After a few months he was diagnosed with PTSD (according to the DSM- 5 criteria) and referred to the Reintegration and Training Center of the Polish Neuropsychological Society for further diagnosis and treatment. It was found that the P3 GO and P3 NOGO waves were indeed less in his case (p < 0.01) when compared to the ERPs results of a health group of individuals of a similar age (n = 100), derived from the normative data bases of the Human Brain Index (HBI) in Switzerland. The ERPs wave pattern in our patient reflects the pattern appearing in patients with PTSD. The patient took part in 20 sessions of individually tailored anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), with the excitatory stimulation of the left prefrontal cortex and inhibitory stimulation of the right prefrontal cortex which can reduce anxiety, as was proposed in the subject literature. Also, the neuromarker of PTSD obtained with the use of QEEG/ERPs was helpful in choosing the appropriate tDCS protocol. Neurostimulation with the use of tDCS was administered systematically, every day, 15-20 and 30-40 minutes for each session, for 20 days. He also received individual sessions of psychotherapy every day, 30-40 minutes for each session, for 20 day. After the treatment the patient improved and returned to his previous job as a frontline healthcare worker in the emergency services (an ambulance driver) in the fight against COVID-19.

Detection of the PTSD neuromarker enabled the development of a proper tDCS protocol and the conduct of effective brain neurostimulation of a patient with PTSD. The proposed protocol of treatment, in combination with goal-oriented individual psychotherapy, offered to the patient, was effective in the reduction of PTSD. ERPs can be useful in the diagnosis of PTSD as well as in selecting an appropriate therapy protocol for these patients.
Characteristics of Rainfall-Induced Slope Instability in Cisokan Region, Indonesia
Authors: Krisnanto Sugeng , Rahardjo Harianto
Published: October 2021

A 25.5 km long access road has been constructed in a hilly area in Cisokan region. Several slope instabilities occurred during the rainy season, particularly at the end of heavy rainfall. A comprehensive study was performed to understand the characteristics of rainfall-induced slope instability. The study consisted of field observation, analyses of field and laboratory test data, and numerical analyses. The study revealed that in general there were two categories of slopes with instability characteristics: (i) slopes with a significant groundwater level increase during rainfall; (ii) slopes with an insignificant groundwater level increase during rainfall. In the first category, the slope instability was caused by a loss of matric suction and eventually the pore-water pressure, uw became positive as indicated by an increase of the groundwater level. In the second category, the slope instability was caused by a loss of matric suction without a rise in pore-water pressure, uw, to a positive magnitude. Two empirical curves of slope stability were developed as a preliminary guidance to assess slope stability during rainfall in the region.
On the Irreducible Factors of a Polynomial and Applications to Extensions of Absolute Values
Authors: El Fadil Lhoussain , Faris Mohamed
Published: October 2021

Polynomial factorization over a field is very useful in algebraic number theory, in extensions of valuations, etc. For valued field extensions, the determination of irreducible polynomials was the focus of interest of many authors. In 1850, Eisenstein gave one of the most popular criterion to decide on irreducibility of a polynomial over Q. A criterion which was generalized in 1906 by Dumas. In 2008, R. Brown gave what is known to be the most general version of Eisenstein-Schönemann irreducibility criterion. Thanks to MacLane theory, key polynomials play a key role to extend absolute values. In this chapter, we give a sufficient condition on any monic plynomial to be a key polynomial of an absolute value, an irreducibly criterion will be given, and for any simple algebraic extension L=Kα, we give a method to describe all absolute values of L extending ∣∣, where K is a discrete rank one valued field.
Dermatoscopic Features of Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zagar Tina , Hlaca Nika , Prpic-Massari Larisa
Published: October 2021

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of non-melanoma skin cancers, frequently observed in fair-skinned individuals. The major risk factors for developing basal cell carcinoma are environmental exposures, phenotypic and genetic traits, and immunosuppression. The diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma is based upon clinical examination and dermatoscopy findings and finally confirmed by histopathological analysis. There are five main clinicopathologic types of basal cell carcinoma, specifically, superficial, nodular, pigmented, morpheaform, and fibroepithelial variant. The dermatoscopic feature of all BCC is the absence of a pigment network. Dermatoscopy structures are further classified as vascular, pigment-related, and non-vascular/non-pigment-related structures. Vascular structures include arborizing vessels and short fine telangiectasias, while pigmented structures comprise maple leaf-like areas, spoke-wheel areas, multiple blue-gray globules, in-focus dots, and concentric structures. Additional structures such as ulcerations, multiple small erosions, multiple aggregated yellow-white globules, shiny white-red structureless areas, and white streaks are considered non-vascular/non-pigmented structures. As treatment options highly depend on the type of BCC, dermatoscopy is of great value in management strategy, assessment of margins, and evaluation of response to non-ablative therapies.
Applications of CRISPR/Cas Technology to Research the Synthetic Genomics of Yeast
Authors: Lin Huafeng , Wang Haizhen , Deng Aimin , Rong Minjing , Ye Lei , Shi Lei , Wang Tuanmei , Peng Xiangwen
Published: October 2021

The whole genome projects open the prelude to the diversity and complexity of biological genome by generating immense data. For the sake of exploring the riddle of the genome, scientists around the world have dedicated themselves in annotating for these massive data. However, searching for the exact and valuable information is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Advances in gene editing technology have allowed researchers to precisely manipulate the targeted functional genes in the genome by the state-of-the-art gene-editing tools, so as to facilitate the studies involving the fields of biology, agriculture, food industry, medicine, environment and healthcare in a more convenient way. As a sort of pioneer editing devices, the CRISPR/Cas systems having various versatile homologs and variants, now are rapidly giving impetus to the development of synthetic genomics and synthetic biology. Firstly, in the chapter, we will present the classification, structural and functional diversity of CRISPR/Cas systems. Then we will emphasize the applications in synthetic genome of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) using CRISPR/Cas technology based on year order. Finally, the summary and prospection of synthetic genomics as well as synthetic biotechnology based on CRISPR/Cas systems and their further utilizations in yeast are narrated.
Tracking Salmonella Enteritidis in the Genomics Era: Clade Definition Using a SNP-PCR Assay and Implications for Population Structure
Authors: Ogunremi Dele , Gao Ruimin , Slowey Rosemarie , Chen Shu , Andrievskaia Olga , Bekal Sadjia , Goodridge Lawrence , C. Levesque Roger
Published: October 2021

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (or Salmonella Enteritidis, SE) is one of the oldest members of the genus Salmonella, based on the date of first description and has only gained prominence as a significant bacterial contaminant of food over the last three or four decades. Currently, SE is the most common Salmonella serovar causing foodborne illnesses. Control measures to alleviate human infections require that food isolates be characterized and this was until recently carried out using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and phage typing as the main laboratory subtyping tools for use in demonstrating relatedness of isolates recovered from infected humans and the food source. The results provided by these analytical tools were presented with easy-to-understand and comprehensible nomenclature, however, the techniques were inherently poorly discriminatory, which is attributable to the clonality of SE. The tools have now given way to whole genome sequencing which provides a full and comprehensive genetic attributes of an organism and a very attractive and superior tool for defining an isolate and for inferring genetic relatedness among isolates. A comparative phylogenomic analysis of isolates of choice provides both a visual appreciation of relatedness as well as quantifiable estimates of genetic distance. Despite the considerable information provided by whole genome analysis and development of a phylogenetic tree, the approach does not lend itself to generating a useful nomenclature-based description of SE subtypes. To this end, a highly discriminatory, cost-effective, high throughput, validated single nucleotide based genotypic polymerase chain reaction assay (SNP-PCR) was developed focussing on 60 polymorphic loci. The procedure was used to identify 25 circulating clades of SE, the largest number so far described for this organism. The new subtyping test, which exploited whole genome sequencing data, displays the attributes of an ideal subtyping test: high discrimination, low cost, rapid, highly reproducible and epidemiological concordance. The procedure is useful for identifying the subtype designation of an isolate, for defining the population structure of the organism as well as for surveillance and outbreak detection.
Studies of Self Diffusion Coefficient in Electrorheological Complex Plasmas through Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Asif Shakoori Muhammad , He Maogang , Shahzad Aamir , Khan Misbah
Published: October 2021

A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method has been proposed for three-dimensional (3D) electrorheological complex (dusty) plasmas (ER-CDPs). The velocity autocorrelation function (VACF) and self-diffusion coefficient (D) have been investigated through Green-Kubo expressions by using equilibrium MD simulations. The effect of uniaxial electric field (MT) on the VACF and D of dust particles has been computed along with different combinations of plasma Coulomb coupling (Γ) and Debye screening (κ) parameters. The new simulation results reflect diffusion motion for lower-intermediate to higher plasma coupling (Γ) for the sufficient strength of 0.0 < M ≥ 1.5. The simulation outcomes show that the MT significantly affects VACF and D. It is observed that the strength of MT increases with increasing the Γ and up to κ = 2. Furthermore, it is found that the increasing trend in D for the external applied MT significantly depends on the combination of plasma parameters (Γ, κ). For the lower values of Γ, the proposed method works only for the low strength of MT; at higher Γ, the simulation scheme works for lower to intermediate MT, and D increased almost 160%. The present results are in fair agreement with parts of other MD data in the literature, with our values generally overpredicting the diffusion motion in ER-CDPs. The investigations show that the present algorithm more effective for the liquids-like and solid-like state of ER-CDPs. Thus, current equilibrium MD techniques can be employed to compute the thermophysical properties and also helps to understand the microscopic mechanism in ER-CDPs.
Dalit Suicide an Emerging Social Problem in India
Authors: Bhai Patel Avanish , Kumar Sumant
Published: October 2021

There are various kinds of discrimination is prevailing in Indian Society. India is practising discrimination against the lower caste for many centuries. But in contemporary Indian Society, caste-based discrimination is becoming a matter of grave concern for committing suicide. Caste-based discrimination is surviving in Indian society. In many cases of caste discrimination, Dalits were persecuted by the upper caste of Indian society for demanding education, employment, and equal social status. Every year several Dalits were committing suicide due to atrocities and discrimination. The present study will understand the nature of suicide among Dalits due to social discrimination and explores the factors affecting Dalit suicide. The data on suicide have been collected from 2011 to 2021 through various newspapers, magazines, journals and articles.
Goat Type Selection and Molecular Markers; a Solution for Milk Production in Recently Desertified Zones
Authors: Strahsburger Erwin , Scopinich-Cisternas Juan
Published: October 2021

Goat farming has been severely affected by Desertification, limiting their water and food resources and inducing physiological heat stress that reduces the doe milk yield. Does well adapted to heat stress would be a possible solution, but creole or indigenous goats from desert or arid areas produce between 0.5 to 1.5 L of milk per day, which is lower than the 3 L of milk per day produced by dairy goats like the Saanen breed. Nevertheless, in this chapter, we will discuss the disadvantages of introducing common dairy goats in dry places. Instead, we propose the introduction of desert goats from the Middle East or India, because they produce high-quality milk with low feed intake, making a profitable goat farming activity, and an opportunity to include crossbreeding strategies to improve the herd milk yield. Creole goats, on other hand, has been an underestimated livestock animal with a rich and unveil genetic patrimony that migth improve the herd milk yield. The effect of improved diets and extensive husbandry conditions remains unexplored in desert creole goats, and the use of advanced knowledge in goat genomics, genetic expression, and a wide variety of molecular markers can improve the studies on creole goats for crossbreeding strategies identifying the best traits involved in high-quality milk production and adaptation to dry environments. In this way, the synergy between goat type selection and molecular markers should boost goat farming in recently new desert or arid zones, counteracting the detrimental effects produced by the desertification.
Relevancy of New Higher Education Approaches in ‘Second Republic Zimbabwe’
Authors: Keche Kudakwashe
Published: October 2021

Through face-to-face interviews with lecturers, this research explored the relevancy of new higher education approaches in Zimbabwe particularly Education 5.0 and virtual learning environments (VLEs). The main finding suggests that the five missions of Education 5.0 are not new in higher education and training in the country. However, they being nigh on greased following the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID 19) is exceptional and unplanned for up take. Education 5.0 charges that turned to be virtually oiled have already been cherished under the auspices of Education 3.0. Thus, lecturers do not perceive it as new. But, only the means and ways upon which it is delivered to learners in the COVID 19 era. The hype around it coming from the ‘Second Republic’ government is factory-made and politically calculated. Besides, it is difficult to underpin the development given the economic problems the country is currently facing. This research also finds out that VLEs are just more than a saga in Zimbabwe since she still lags behind the world order of internet of things. A few of the interviewees were of the view that teaching and learning though virtual means and ways is not different from the old face-to-face model.
Concrete Performance in Cold Regions: Understanding Concrete’s Resistance to Freezing/Thawing Cycles
Authors: A. Abed Mohammed , L. Balázs György
Published: October 2021

This Chapter provides a detailed better understanding of the freeze/thaw effect on concrete, it is discussing the attack mechanism for both types of freeze/thaw deterioration: Internal frost damage and Surface scaling. Freeze/thaw attack is a serious problem for concrete but the most common physical deterioration type that shortening the life of concrete in cold environments. An Air-entraining agent is one of the solutions for reducing the effect of freeze/thaw cycles on concrete. Meanwhile Using supplementary cementitious materials in the production of concrete has different effects on the behavior of concrete exposed to freeze/thaw cycles. This chapter is discussing five of the common supplementary cementitious materials and their effect on concrete resistance to freeze/thaw cycles.
Symbolical and Informational Component of the Organizational Culture in Displaced Higher Education Institutions of Ukraine (On the example of Mariupol HEI)
Authors: Turenko Oleg , Surovtseva Iryna , Nykolaieva Valentyna
Published: October 2021

This paper analyzes organizations (corporate groups) that have withdrawn assets and personnel to the territory controlled by Ukraine consistently based on the relevant Ministry (Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine) decision. In the first years of displacement, the “routine” issues associated with launching the educational process became relevant, as distinguished from the “high third mission” consisting in creating innovative infrastructure facilities, forming the entrepreneurial culture of employees and students, and suchlike. Organizations (rectorates) that followed integrated (overarching) strategies had a consistent (agreed) internal and external image, or they have elaborated a uniform organizational culture and succeeded in assisting their employees in the search for narratives. “Workplace” has become almost the only factor enabling reinforcing the professional and individual self-worth for displaced employees.
Permanent tooth avulsion in children and adults: Therapeutic options for longer survival
Authors: Stojanović Simona , Tijanić Miloš , Burić Kristina , Burić Nina , Spasić Milan , Todorović Kosta , Stojković Branislava , Jovanović Marija , Petrović Milica , Mitić Dušan
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Permanent tooth avulsions (traumatic extraction; total luxation) are one ofthe most severe permanent tooth injuries and can occur as single injuries or associated with other dental injuries or injuries to the face and jaws region. They are defined as the luxation of teeth from the alveoli with complete rupture of periodontal fibres, or with one part attached to the rootcementum and the other to the alveolar bone, thus compromising the dental pulp, root cementum,and alveolar bone. The high prevalence and numerous negative consequences on the stomatognathic systems they have suggest permanent tooth avulsions should be regarded as an important public health problem. The aim: is to point out the therapeutic possibilities of permanent tooth avulsion that can ensure their longer survival in the oral cavity. Conclusion: The treatment strategy for avulsed permanent teeth is always based on limiting root canal infection and periradicular inflammation, shifting the balance from unfavourable (replacement resorption) to favourable (periodontal) healing. The success of therapy and periodontal healing depend on the duration and conditions of extraoral tooth preservation, the degree of damage to the periodontal ligament, and the condition of the pulp.
Corruption impact on East European emerging markets development
Authors: Dobromirov Dušan
Published: October 2021

This paper analyzes the impact of corruption level on East European financial markets development. Financial market liquidity for 15 national markets is presented and market volume per capita is used as an indicator for market maturity. Market volume per capita values are compared to corruption perception index values, using classical logic method. Findings of the research are quite interesting and unexpected, as they show modest impact of corruption on financial market development. Results suggest that further research of corruption should be done, in order to develop better, quantitative corruption indicator.
Concentration of supply on the chosen markets of Serbian electronic communications sector
Authors: Kostić Milan , Živković Jelena
Published: October 2021

The electronic communications sector is very important sector of a national economy. It provides an opportunity for facilitating business activities and it is a good area for investment. A small number of operators and a large number of users operate in most markets of the electronic communications sector. The conditions under which electronic communications services are available to users in different countries diverge, among other things, due to the degree of liberalization of individual markets in these countries. The Republic of Serbia has significantly liberalized this sector of economic activity by adjusting it according to the regulations of the European Union. However, certain entry barriers have remained, primarily related to the licenses that operators need to obtain to operate in the Serbian market. The paper aims to investigate the level of concentration in selected markets of the electronic communications sector, namely: mobile telecommunication networks and services, broadband Internet services and media content distribution. The research showed a high level of concentration measured by the Herfindahl-Hirschman index in all three markets. A further increase in concentration is expected in all analyzed markets in the short term. These research results require more attention from regulatory bodies because they increase the possibility of some form of non-competitive behaviour by undertakings.
Smuggling and Illegal trade as forms of economic crime
Authors: Matijašević Jelena , Zarubica Sara
Published: October 2021

Economic crime is a very complex criminological and legal category. The modern economic crime is characterized by a variety of manifestations. It tends to become increasingly better organized which, among other things, makes its detection, the collection of the evidence material and the criminal prosecution of the culprits much more difficult. In view of the importance as well as the comlexity of the economic crime subject-matter, this paper discusses smuggling and illegal trade. The research included a criminological analysis of the economic crime, a normative analysis of the criminal acts mentioned above, as well as an analysis of the presence of the adult persons being reported, charged with and convicted of the previously mentioned criminal acts in the total values for the group of criminal acts against economy and at the level of Serbia, for the year of 2019.
A Review of Models for Heat Transfer in Steel and Concrete Members During Fire
Authors: Banerjee Dilip K.
Published: October 2021

Structural design for fire is conceptually similar to structural design conducted under ambient temperature conditions. Such design requires an establishment of clear objectives and determination of the severity of the design fire. In the commonly used prescriptive design method for fire, fire resistance (expressed in hours) is the primary qualification metric. This is an artifact of the standard fire tests that are used to determine this quantity. When conducting a performance-based approach for structural design for fire, it is important to determine structural member temperatures accurately when the members are exposed to a real fire. In order to evaluate the fire resistance of structural members such as structural steels and concrete, both the temporal and spatial variation of temperatures must be accurately determined. The transient temperature profiles in structural members during exposure to a fire can be determined from a heat transfer analysis. There are several models/approaches for analyzing heat transfer that have been used to determine the transient structural temperatures during a fire event. These range from simple models to advanced models involving three-dimensional heat transfer analysis employing finite element or finite difference techniques. This document provides a brief summary of some of the common simple and advanced approaches that have been used for conducting heat transfer analysis of both steel and concrete members when exposed to fire.
Un rey, un mar y dos ciudades. Las entradas de Alfonso el Magnánimo en Valencia (1424) y Nápoles (1443). Transferencias e influencias de ida y vuelta.
Authors: Orts Ruiz Francesc
Published: October 2021

El 26 de febrero de 1443 Alfonso V de Aragón realizaba su entrada triunfal en Nápoles, hecho que quedaría plasmado en el relieve que corona la entrada al Castelnuovo. Dicho friso olvida conscientemente algunas de las características más importantes del evento napolitano, hecho íntimamente relacionado con la imagen que el propio monarca deseaba difundir. En este artículo analizaremos la mencionada entrada comparándola con sus precedentes ibéricos, en especial los realizados en Valencia. Para ello, nos centraremos en las representaciones y modificaciones en el paisaje visual y sonoro urbano, lo que nos permitirá descubrir influencias e intercambios mutuos, intentando superar así la dicotomía entre edad media y modernidad y aportando una visión más integradora a una época de cambios.