bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de softwares de inteligencia artificial generativa de voz aplicados al podcasting
Authors: Fitó-Carreras Maria , Vidal-Mestre Montserrat , Freire-Sánchez Alfonso
Published: January 2025

La IAG de voz es capaz de generar mensajes en lenguaje humano, mediante algoritmos de aprendizaje profundo, como las redes neuronales convolucionales o CNN, que aprenden a imitar los patrones vocales a partir de datos de habla. Ante este contexto, el principal objetivo es ofrecer una radiografía de la IAG de voz aplicada al podcasting para responder si la actual oferta tecnológica representa una amenaza para los empleos de los profesionales del audio, en particular para los/as locutores/as. Con este fin, se analizan los principales software que emplean los creadores de pódcast para la clonación de voz y se establece un marco comparativo. En segundo lugar, se recopilan las percepciones de los creadores acerca de los resultados obtenidos mediante el análisis de 10 títulos. Los principales software ofrecen herramientas específicas, que pueden mejorar el flujo de trabajo y optimizar los costes de producción. Gracias a los resultados sobre el estado actual de la IAG de voz aplicada al podcasting, hemos identificado tanto las oportunidades como las limitaciones que esta tecnología ofrece a los creadores.se observa que la industria de la IAG de voz está adaptándose a las necesidades del sector, ofreciendo múltiples herramientas a través de plataformas especializadas que permiten clonar la voz, editar grabaciones, publicar pódcast y distribuirlos en varios idiomas. Sin embargo, no se interpreta como una amenaza inmediata debido a la reproducción de una prosodia inexacta y la ausencia de elementos paralingüísticos.
¿Replicar a los maestros? Inteligencia artificial y diálogos actuales con la tradición pictórica española
Authors: Juberías Guillermo
Published: January 2025

El estudio y la réplica del estilo de los artistas del pasado ha sido, a lo largo de la historia del arte, una constante en la educación artística. La copia ha tenido un papel sustancial en la formación de artistas como demuestran, en el caso español, las visitas de copistas al Museo del Prado. En los últimos años, la irrupción de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la praxis artística ha dado lugar a experiencias en las que, con la asistencia de estas nuevas tecnologías, puede recrearse el proceso de aprendizaje humano y generar obras de arte que imitan el estilo de los artistas del pasado. A pesar del considerable eco mediático que han recibido estas experiencias, la historia del arte, en el contexto español, todavía no les ha prestado atención. A través del presente artículo ofrecemos, desde el campo de estudio de la cultura visual, ciertas claves para el análisis histórico-artístico de estas nuevas obras de arte que han suscitado controvertidos debates sobre las nociones de autoría, autenticidad y originalidad. Para ello, realizamos un estudio comparado de tres proyectos de recuperación del arte de los maestros con asistencia de la IA: la recreación del lienzo perdido de Velázquez: La expulsión de los moriscos (1627), con una finalidad histórico-artística; la génesis mediante IA de dibujos que siguen el estilo de Goya, con un objetivo educativo; y la recuperación, con fines comerciales, de una pintura de Santiago Rusiñol: Vista del Parc del Laberint d’Horta, subyacente a un óleo de Pablo Picasso.
Los avatares de la identidad personal en la era digital. Conversación pública de masas y gesto identitario
Authors: Gerchunoff Silberberg Santiago
Published: January 2025

En este estudio me pregunto por los efectos políticos que han tenido la aparición y el esparcimiento interminable de nuestros avatares digitales. ¿Qué consecuencias políticas trae la mutación de la presentación de nuestra identidad personal en la vida cotidiana encarnada en nuestros avatares digitales? En definitiva, ¿cuáles son las consecuencias políticas de la transformación digital de la esfera pública y el modo en el que nos mostramos en ella? Y, a su vez, ¿cuáles son las consecuencias de esta transformación tecnológica y política para la propia identidad personal de los ciudadanos, para su construcción y exposición? Para contestar a estas preguntas eludiendo el fatalismo que suele acompañarlas, planteo un rodeo por la historia de la esfera pública y sus transformaciones tecnológicas, así como de las formas políticas que correspondieron a esas transformaciones. Las teorías políticas de Hannah Arendt y Albert O. Hirschman resultan cruciales en mi recorrido para poder encontrar un sentido político al apogeo identitario propio de la nueva esfera pública posterior al advenimiento de internet. En el desarrollo pongo a trabajar dos conceptos propios que tienen una relación esencial: gesto identitario y conversación pública de masas.
Mengukur Tingkat Kematangan Learning Management System (LMS) Menggunakan Framework COBIT 5 Domain MEA dan EDM (Studi Kasus: Universitas Hindu Indonesia)
Authors: Trisnawati Ni Komang Adi , Jaya I Kadek Noppi Adi , Dewi Ida Ayu Utari
Published: January 2025

LMS is a platform for managing, delivering and tracking online training or education.
COBIT is a framework that will be used for information technology (IT) management and
governance. The MEA Domain ensures the system has the appropriate design and controls
required to comply with regulatory requirements. Meanwhile, EDM will ensure goals are achieved
by evaluating stakeholder needs, conditions and choices. The data collection process used is
Interview, Observation, Questionnaire. The process carried out to determine information system
technology that is in accordance with the COBIT 5 standard is Maturity Level analysis and Gap
Analysis. The Maturity Level of the Learning Management System at Hindu Indonesia University
using COBIT 5 MEA and EDM Domains with the COBIT 5 framework reaches Level 4: Predictable
Process. The level of gap in the Learning Management System at Indonesian Hindu University is
0.52 in MEA01 and 0.5 in EDM01. To reach Maturity Level 5, managers need to improve the
quality of governance, supervision and stakeholder involvement in the LMS management
process.
Forever an optimist? Investigating the temporal consistency of optimism within and across life phases in rats
Authors: Bierbaum Louisa , Siewert Viktoria , Mundinger Carolin , Kaiser Sylvia , Richter S. Helene
Published: January 2025

It is long known from human psychology that people differ in their perception of the world, with some judging ambiguous information more positively (i.e., “optimists”) and some more negatively (i.e., “pessimists”). About 20 years ago, this knowledge was transferred to animal welfare science to assess emotional states in animals by quantifying optimistic or pessimistic judgement biases. More recently, with increasing interest in animal personalities, researchers have also begun to explore whether differences in optimism and pessimism remain consistent across time. While first evidence suggests that optimism and pessimism represent a stable trait, less research has focused on their consistency within and across specific life phases. Using laboratory rats, we therefore aimed at systematically investigating the consistency of optimism and pessimism within and across two life phases during adulthood. Specifically, a cognitive judgement bias test relying on tactile cues was conducted twice during early and full adulthood, respectively. Temporal consistency within and across life phases was assessed by analysing the repeatability of individual optimism levels. While we did not detect consistent individual differences in optimism levels during early adulthood, they stabilized across phases and remained consistent during full adulthood. These findings align with human psychological research, suggesting that personality traits consolidate over lifetime. Despite this consolidation process, however, we also found considerable within-individual variation in overall optimism levels, indicating a high degree of behavioural plasticity. We therefore encourage future research on the ecological relevance of consistent versus flexible decision-making and highlight the significance of considering life phase when assessing behavioural traits.
Economic Liberalization in the Eyes of Cinema: Reflections of Economic Changes in the Era of Indian Economic Liberalization in Guru Movie (2007)
Authors:   PhD Student in Indian Studies, Faculty of World Studies, University of Tehran, Iran, Pirverdizade Alireza
Published: January 2025

The economic reforms of the 1990s marked a significant transformation in India's film industry, particularly influencing
Bollywood’s thematic and stylistic dimensions. This era gave rise to what is now termed 'multiplex cinema' or 'new
Bollywood,' characterized by its appeal to the urban middle-class through innovative storytelling and aesthetic
innovation. This shift in cinema paralleled the broader societal shifts towards embracing technological advancements
and a burgeoning media landscape. These changes also altered character portrayal in Bollywood, transitioning from
rich merchants as villains to symbols of commercial success, reflecting evolving societal values towards economic
prosperity. Furthermore, traditional notions of masculinity and nationalism were reinforced in film promotional
materials, underscoring Bollywood's role in promoting consumerism. This paper analyzes the 2007 film "Guru" by Mani
Ratnam, utilizing a narrative analysis to explore its depiction of economic liberalization's impact on India. The film
follows protagonist Gurukant Desai from his humble beginnings to becoming a powerful business magnate, highlighting
the themes of entrepreneurship, ambition, and ethical dilemmas. Through a detailed examination of key scenes and
character dynamics, the paper reveals complex perspectives on economic growth, corporate ethics, and the personal
costs of success, presenting ‘Guru’ as a compelling reflection on India's economic changes.
The Rise of Posthumanism in Marketing: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: S. Sangadji Suwandi , Handriana Tanti , Iswanto Dedy , Rafa'al Mubaddilah
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze publication trends in posthumanism within the field of marketing, identify the most influential authors and journals, and explore the key themes and concepts frequently discussed. Employing a bibliometric review methodology, this study utilized data from three leading academic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO, ensuring a comprehensive analysis of the literature. A systematic selection process yielded 19 relevant articles for bibliometric analysis after filtering out duplicates and irrelevant works. The findings reveal a significant increase in publication activity since 2020, primarily concentrated in Western countries, particularly the United States and the United Kingdom. Influential authors include Venkatesh & Meamber (2006) and Campbell et al. (2010), whose contributions to Marketing Theory and Journal of Consumer Behaviour have garnered the highest citation counts. The key themes identified include agri-food networks, ethics of artificial intelligence, marketplace accessibility, and sustainability within green capitalism. These themes indicate a shift from traditional human-centered marketing approaches to a more inclusive perspective that recognizes the interdependence of human and non-human entities. This research not only highlights the evolving landscape of posthumanism in marketing but also underscores its implications for consumer engagement and brand interaction in a complex and interconnected world.
Spatial organization of the main park-forming species in landscapes of the «Оlexandria» state dendrological park of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Authors: Boiko N. , Doiko N. , Dragan N. , Sylenko O. , Pydorich Yu. , Kryvdiuk L.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the research results of spatial structure of the main park-forming species (Acer platanoides L., A. campestre L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Tilia cordata Mill.) in the ecotopes of the «Оlexandria» State Dendrological Park of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine are presented. The spatial structure was determined by mapping trees by age groups. The spatial organization of the studied tree species has species specificity and shows age confinement to different park ecotopes. The most numerous Acer platanoides and A. sampestre are distributed more or less evenly throughout the park. The third most abundant species, Fraxinus excelsior, is concentrated in the eastern part of the park. The formation of a large young cenopopulation in the south-western part of the park was noted. The predominant number of natural stands of Tilia cordata is concentrated in the oak woodlands of the western part of the park. Today the population of Tilia cordata is practically not recovered, however, over the past half of a century it has formed a powerful ecotone in the oak forest in the central part of the park, displacing the species-edifier Quercus robur L. Populations of all studied species have a full age structure in oak-oak-type plots. The age structure of all species is disturbed in technogenically polluted ecotopes, in areas of mass phytopathogens reproduction in quasi-natural areas with significant anthropogenic interference. The distribution of older age groups individuals is mostly random and uniform, while group distribution is observed in younger trees. In all studied species more dense areas of all ages’ specimens or sparse, small groups or even single specimens, are distinguished. The latter is typical for older age groups trees. The main factors determining the distribution of the main park-forming species are the ability of tree species natural regeneration, pest and disease damage, and economic activity.
Key words: forest type plantations, spatial structure, tree mapping, age groups, types of spatial distribution, factors determining distribution.
Quality of frozen semi-finished products from pear fruit for the application of edible coating
Authors: Zamorska I.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of studies of the quality of frozen semi-finished products from pears with edible pectin coating depending on the concentration of the pectin solution and the storage time. Frozen semi-finished products were produced from Duchesne pear fruits according to the generally accepted technological instructions by cutting the fruits into 20x20 mm particles, followed by blanching in a 0.1 % citric acid solution at 85 °C for 2–5 minutes and drying. The prepared pear particles were immersed in a pectin solution with a concentration of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 % for 1 min, followed by drying. Semifinished pear products were frozen at a temperature of minus 30 ± 1 °C, packed in plastic film bags weighing up to 0.5 kg and stored for six months at minus 18 °C. The quality of the products was assessed by changes in physical and organoleptic parameters. The cryoresistance of frozen semi-finished pear products ranged from 93.5 % to 95.7 %. A reliable dependence of the cryoresistance of frozen semifinished products on the concentration of pectin solution and the duration of storage was established, with the maximum value of the studied indicator in samples coated with a 5 % pectin solution and its decrease during storage. The weight loss of semi-finished products during freezing amounted to 1.5–2.1 % by weight, with maximum losses in uncoated semi-finished products, and during storage – 0.5–0.6 %. The dependence of semi-finished products weight loss on the presence of a coating was proved, with maximum losses in the control during freezing. A significant effect of the coating on the organoleptic quality indicators of semi-finished products was found, in particular, improvement of appearance, consistency and color with a maximum score of 4.4 points in samples coated in a 5 % pectin solution. The application of edible pectin coating on pear semi-finished products before freezing contributed to an increase in their cryo-resistance by 0.5–2.5 %, and the overall organoleptic score by 0.2–0.6 points with 0.1–0.6 % lower weight loss.
Key words: edible coating, freezing, semifinished products, quality, cryo-resistance, weight loss.
Modern technologies for creating and maintaining lawns using small-scale mechanization tools: review
Authors: Bordus O.
Published: January 2025

The analysis of technologies for creating lawn covers and the garden equipment used to create lawn coverings shows that there are modern methods and tools capable of ensuring the establishment and maintenance of high-quality lawns under various soil and climatic conditions. However, in Ukraine there is no scientific basis for adapting these technologies to the specific conditions of the country, which emphasizes the need for further research in this area. Integration of modern technologies and equipment while considering local conditions will significantly enhance the quality of lawn covers in Ukraine. Urbanized ecosystems serve as alternatives to natural ones, where lawns play a key role. They retain soil moisture, function as green lungs by producing oxygen and phytoncides, and inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Lawns have a significant impact on human health, promoting relaxation, aesthetic satisfaction, stabilizing the nervous system, cleansing respiratory tracts, and improving vision. They are important elements of greenery, influencing the oxygen component of the atmosphere. Creating lawns requires a comprehensive approach, including soil preparation, seed selection, watering, mowing, and fertilization. The use of modern technologies and specialized equipment such as seeders, mini-tractors, automated irrigation systems, and aerators greatly enhances the efficiency of lawns care. Choosing of qualitative seeds and appropriate grass varieties is crucial for creating a healthy and aesthetically pleasing lawn. Professional lawn mowers are also important for maintaining high-quality lawn cover. Creating and maintaining a lawn is labor-intensive work that requires significant labor and material resources. Therefore, mechanizing manual labor and automating irrigation significantly ease both lawn care and the process of its creation.
Key words: lawn, grass stand, amenity, landscape, park, meadow cultivation, mechanization of gardening and park works.
In vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Mentha viridis
Authors: Juthy Nusrat Jahan , Islam Gazi Jahirul , Zehad Abdullah , Rashid Mamunur , Parvez Md Masud , Zannah Shaheda
Published: January 2025

Mentha viridis has been used as folk medicine traditionally for diverse pharmacological activity and used worldwide for its aroma for different purposes in particular with tea. This research was investigated to examine the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of ethanolic extract of M. viridis. The antioxidant capacity was assessed by several assays namely DPPH free radical scavenging assay, total antioxidant assay, total phenolics and total flavonoids content assay. Determination of total phenolics and total flavonoids were performed spectrophotometrically using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminium chloride colorimetric assay methods respectively, while the free radical scavenging activity was estimated by DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. The antibacterial activity was estimated by agar disk diffusion method against a number of bacterial strains. The results exhibited that ethanolic extract M. viridis is the abundant source of phenolics and flavonoids but the total antioxidant activity was detected to be the highest in comparison to other phytochemical constituents. Extract showed robust free radical scavenging activity at a concentration of 500 μg/ml. The ethanolic extract of M. viridis displayed moderate inhibitory activity against the microorganisms S. aureus and E.coli. The interpretation stipulates that ethanolic extract of M. viridis is a potential origin of natural antioxidants due to presence of mainly polyphenolic components in it.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 1-10, 2025 (January)
Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activity Evaluation of the Methanolic Crude Extract of Ixora chinensis (Family: Rubiaceae)
Authors: Sraboni Nadia Hia , Rafe Md Rajdoula , Hussain Mohammad Musarraf
Published: January 2025

Natural compounds have long been employed as medicines throughout the course of human history. Traditional medicine has employed and still uses natural materials, especially plant treatments, based on practical observations rather than pharmaceutical research. Ixora chinensis (Lam) plant has several important medicinal properties which have not been studied extensively in Bangladesh. The present work has been carried out to evaluate diverse biological actions of the plant extract and identification of pure compounds. The crude powder of leaves and barks of the plant was extracted using absolute methanol. The methanolic extract was subjected to GC-MS to reveal chemical entities present in the extracts and from GC-MS 1,2,3,5-Cyclohexanetetrol was identified. In the present study, methanolic extract of I. chinensis was exposed to investigate antioxidant activity and antimicrobial screening. The antimicrobial screening was performed against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including fungus by using disc diffusion technique. The extract of I. chinensis showed mild antimicrobial activity in reference to standard kanamycin and ketoconazole. The results of the present study exhibited high phenolic content (498.8 mg/g) in the methanolic extract compared to gallic acid. Total phenolic content (TPC) of a sample indicates potency of antioxidant. TPC value (224.81 mg GAE/g of sample) of the present study exhibits higher total flavonoid content. The results indicate that the extracts of I. chinensis have lower antioxidant property in respect of total flavonoids content. Antioxidant activity was also measured using DPPH free radical scavenging activity. IC50 value of the methanolic crude extract was found to be 129.128 µg/mL. The data suggested that the crude methanolic extracts possess mild anti-bacterial and antifungal activities with moderate antioxidant activity.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 20-27, 2025 (January)
Development and Validation of UV Method for Routine Analysis of Molnupiravir
Authors: Islam Shawkat , Fariha Nusrath Jahan , Ahmed Shakil , Faruk Omar , Shamsur Rouf Abu Shara
Published: January 2025

A simple and cost-effective UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the routine analysis of molnupiravir (MLP) using 10% (v/v) methanol as the solvent. The absorption maximum (λmax) of molnupiravir was determined to be 238 nm. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines, and the results demonstrated its suitability, specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, ruggedness, and robustness. The method showed a linear response within the concentration range of 2-20 µg/ml, with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9972. The accuracy, expressed as % recovery, ranged from 95.92% to 104.38%, while intra-day and inter-day precision studies yielded %RSD values within acceptable limits. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were found to be 2.42 µg/ml and 7.34 µg/ml, respectively. Ruggedness and robustness studies further confirmed the reliability of the method under varied conditions. Equivalency studies comparing the developed UV method with a reference RP-UHPLC method demonstrated comparable performance in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, ruggedness and robustness, with statistical analysis supporting the equivalence of the two methods. The developed UV method offers a viable alternative for the routine analysis of molnupiravir, providing a balance between accuracy and simplicity.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 83-93, 2025 (January)
Feasibility Study for the Development of Combination Dosage Form Containing Aspirin and Omeprazole for Treating Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events
Authors: Muni Maniza , Sajeeb B K , Mou Sumaiya Sharmin , Faruqui Adeeba Jaheen , Al Mamun Md Elias
Published: January 2025

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are two of the major reasons of morbidity and mortality worldwide, hence require proper treatment and secondary prevention. Aspirin is a first line treatment option for the patients suffering from aforementioned issues and is usually co-administered with omeprazole to lessen the gastrointestinal side effects. A survey was done among patients, doctors, pharmaceuticals and retailers to explore the feasibility of developing a combination bilayer dosage form of aspirin and omeprazole so that the complications of co-administration can be minimized. Data were collected through direct interview and online questionnaire and statistical significance was determined using independent sample t-test. The study showed that drug utilization pattern of 85% of patients contain aspirin and omeprazole in the same prescription. Statistical data supported that both doctors and patients prefer the dose to be 75 mg for aspirin and 20 mg for omeprazole. More than 60% of each stakeholder showed their preference for the combination dosage form. Almost 50% of the doctors and patients preferred it for ease of consumption while retailers and manufactures considered the sales aspect. Moreover, ease of remembering, lesser number of pills consumption and lower price of the combination than the individual formulations came out to be the reasons for expecting availability of the combination among 68.82% of patients.  As the demand of the combination and the market prediction of the pharmaceuticals matched, so introduction of fixed dose aspirin-omeprazole bilayer combination in Bangladesh can be beneficial overall.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 105-113, 2025 (January)
Crisis del extractivismo petrolero según venezolanos que emigraron a Santiago de Chile entre 2017-2020
Authors: Salgado Bustillos Flavio Augusto , Díaz Lira Marinelly
Published: January 2025

La investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las incidencias que tuvo el colapso del extractivismo petrolero en las trayectorias de vida de los venezolanos que emigraron a Santiago de Chile entre 2017 y 2020. En cuanto a la metodología, se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada. Así, a través del análisis temático reflexivo de 19 entrevistas, se constató que la crisis del modelo extractivista dificultó la gestión de la vida cotidiana de los sujetos y configuró un contexto de salida que impulsó un desplazamiento forzado de personas a partir de 2016. La relevancia y originalidad de la investigación radica en abordar la crisis venezolana desde una perspectiva sociohistórica que permite definir el trasfondo político institucional en el que tiene lugar la emigración venezolana, evidenciar la responsabilidad de tal Estado en la vulneración de derechos humanos de sus connacionales y caracterizar el modo de supervivencia en que se encontraban los habitantes que decidieron emigrar.
Microstructural modifications in bitumens rejuvenated by oil from pyrolysis of waste tires
Authors: Alfe Michela , Gargiulo Valentina , Ruoppolo Giovanna , Cammarota Francesco , Calandra Pietro , Oliviero Rossi Cesare , Loise Valeria , Porto Michele , Di Capua Roberto , Caputo Paolino
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Bitumen is the viscoelastic fluid binding the crushed stones and mineral aggregates in the asphalt material used to pave roads around the world. During the paving procedure, the volatile compounds are lost and oxidization occurs with variation of the mechanical characteristics (aging); thus, the material becomes rigid and brittle over time and may need replacement. Instead of being landfilled, aged asphalts can be reused in new pavements after pretreatment with specific additives to restore their original properties.

Methods

By considering conscious utilization of natural resources, we propose using the condensable fraction (oil) obtained from the pyrolysis of waste tires (WTs) as the agent to rejuvenate aged bitumen. The pyrolysis oil from WTs was produced and characterized using elemental analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GCMS), and thermogravimetry. Bitumen was aged by the rolling thin-film oven test procedure and blended with the WT pyrolysis oil at three different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 6% w/w) to evaluate the rheological behaviors. The blends were also investigated using atomic force microscopy, and the asphaltenic fraction was assessed via optical microscopy.

Results and discussion

All the data consistently indicate that oil addition not only reduces the viscosity of bitumen and restores it to values close to the original unaged bitumen but also changes the intermolecular structure to recover the self-assembly pattern typical of the unaged sample. The physicochemical mechanisms of this phenomenon are proposed in light of the oil characteristics. Hence, it is concluded that the pyrolysis oil from WTs can be used to rejuvenate asphalts, which can then be used in reclaimed asphalt pavement technology. The impacts of our findings are expected to be extensive because bitumens are globally used for paving roads. In addition, since the proposed method couples/fuses urban waste treatment with asphalt maintenance processes, two types of wastes (oil from pyrolysis of WTs and aged bitumens) can be simultaneously recovered and reused to produce new and performing asphalts.
Novel MOF-based vanadium and 2,2 -bipyridine-4,4 -dicarboxylic acid as phenomenal dye adsorbent and antimicrobial agent
Authors: Mohammed Yaseen Baraa , Altalbawy Farag M. A. , Jihad Albadr Rafid , Mohammed Taher Waam , Alwan Mariem , Jasem Jawad Mahmood , Mushtaq Hiba , Muzammil Khursheed , Hussein Zwamel Ahmed
Published: January 2025

In this study, a new MOF (metal-organic framework) based on vanadium and 2,2-bipyridine-4,4-dicarboxylic acid (V/BP-MOF) was synthesized. Synthesized V/BP-MOF was introduced as a strong adsorbent of Congo Red (CR) and an effective agent in eliminating microbial species. In the investigation of CR absorption activity, several factors such as concentration of V/BP-MOF, pH, time, and temperature were investigated. Antimicrobial evaluations were carried out on Common bacterial strains in wastewater and values of MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) were reported. The V/BP-MOF was confirmed and characterized by EA, EDS, EDS mapping, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, BET, SEM, and TEM. In checking the characteristics of V/BP-MOF, size, specific surface area, and thermal stability were obtained, respectively, 68 nm, 325 m2/g, and 320°C. The highest adsorption of CR, at 94%, was obtained at natural pH, ambient temperature, and after 150 min. In kinetic studies, a correlation coefficient of 0.99 was observed with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while in isotherm studies, a correlation coefficient of 0.97 was observed with the Freundlich isotherm model. In the biological evaluations, the best inhibition was against Escherichia coli, and MIC and MBC were observed as 4 μg/mL and 2 μg/mL, respectively. As a general result, V/BP-MOF can be introduced as a potent absorbent agent of CR dye and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, the compound synthesized in this study can be introduced as a suitable option for the wastewater treatment industry, with multiple capabilities including the removal of chemical pollutants and pathogenic agents.
Acinetobacter baumannii infection in critically ill patients with COVID-19 from Tehran, Iran: the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular characteristics of isolates
Authors: Ghamari Mahsa , Jabalameli Fereshteh , Afhami Shirin , Halimi Shahnaz , Emaneini Mohammad , Beigverdi Reza
Published: January 2025

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the excessive use of antimicrobials in critically ill patients. Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii have increased significantly both regionally and globally during the COVID-19 pandemic, posing dramatic challenges for intensive care unit (ICU) patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance patterns, presence of selected antimicrobial resistance genes, and genetic diversity of A. baumannii isolates obtained from COVID-19 cases admitted to the ICU at the University Hospital in Iran.

Materials and methods

This was a cross-sectional and single-center study comprising patients with A. baumannii infections admitted to the ICU with COVID-19 between April and November 2021. The demographic and clinical data of the patients were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted based on Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. This study used PCR and multiplex PCR to investigate antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and global clones (GC), respectively. Genetic diversity was investigated by repetitive element sequence-based PCR (REP-PCR).

Results

The prevalence of A. baumannii coinfection in COVID-19 cases was 8.1% (43/528). More than 90% (39/43) of A. baumannii isolates were resistant to cefepime, ampicillin-sulbactam, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amikacin. Furthermore, 44.2% (19/43) of isolates were resistant to colistin. There were 91% (39/43) isolates that were extensively drug-resistant (XDR). The most prevalence carbapenem resistance encoding genes were bla-OXA-23 65.1% (29/43) and blaNDM 41.8% (18/43). The most common aminoglycoside resistance genes were aac(6’)-Ib 65.1% (28/43) and ant(2)-Ia 46.5% (20/43). Isolates from the prominent Global clone GCII comprised 83.7% (36/43) of total isolates. Genetic fingerprinting using REP-PCR revealed that 39 typeable A. baumannii isolates were categorized into 12 distinct genotypes, of which 72% (28/39) of isolates belonged to one genotype.

Conclusion

The high prevalence of XDR A. baumannii such as carbapenem and colistin-resistant strains, poses a significant concern for the treatment of COVID-19 patients, heightening the risk of therapeutic failure. The data demonstrate the dissemination of a single A. baumannii clone carrying multiple ARGs within our hospital. Regarding the limited therapeutic options, it is crucial to implement effective prevention and containment policies to curb the spread of these strains.
Chronic IVC occlusion caused by unopened filter after conversion: case report and literature review
Authors: Sheng Shi , Li Yiqing
Published: January 2025

Background

The VenaTech Convertible Vena Cava Filter (VTCF) is a device designed for insertion into the inferior vena cava (IVC) to prevent life-threatening pulmonary embolism (PE). Upon removal of its retrieval hook, the filter's legs are intended to expand, forming a stent-like structure that is suitable for long-term residence in the human body. However, in clinical practice, the filtering legs do not always expand fully, and the long-term effects on patients remain insufficiently studied.

Materials and methods

This report presents the case of a male patient with thrombophilia, in whom the VTCF failed to expand completely after conversion, resulting in IVC occlusion and the development of acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower limbs. A review of the relevant literature is also provided.

Conclusion

The inability of the filtering legs to fully expand after retrieval hook removal highlights a design limitation of the VTCF, necessitating proactive management during conversion to ensure complete expansion. For younger or thrombophilic patients, careful evaluation of the filter's suitability and extended follow-up are crucial to optimize outcomes.
Risk of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort study based on infected mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ni Jing , Zheng Yongfei , Tian Jiaqi , Zhang Lin , Duan Shuyin
Published: January 2025

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to global public health, especially for pregnant women and their offspring. However, little is known about the impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on neonatal outcomes, particularly in the context of coexisting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods

Hospitalized pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection were retrospectively enrolled between November 2022 and January 2023, and matched with pregnant subjects free of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on their propensity scores. All women were tested for SARS-CoV-2 upon admission as part of routine procedures, then divided into groups of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection and GDM (SARS2+GDM), pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection but without GDM (SARS2+noGDM), and pregnant women without SARS-CoV-2 infection or GDM (Normal group). A logistic regression model was used to study the risk of GDM, perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection, and their interaction on neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results

Of 378 pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the neonatal infection rate was higher in the GDM group as compared to the SARS-CoV-2 infection only group, but both SARS-CoV-2 infection rates were lower than that of the normal control group. Logistic regression analysis identified an interaction between maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection and GDM on neonatal infection, where maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.22-0.44) and vaccination for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.50-0.98) were associated with lower odds of neonatal infection, while higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10) and GDM (OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.21-3.21) were associated with higher odds of neonatal infection.

Conclusions

We demonstrate that the coexistence of GDM and perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with an increased probability of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Fault current handling in large-scale MMC-HVDC systems: an improved approach with DC circuit breaker and fault current limiter
Authors: Chandio Rashid Hussain , Shah Madad Ali , Memon Abdul Aziz , Ali Khawaja Haider , Soomro Jahangeer Badar , Alamri Basem , Althobaiti Ahmed , Alqarni Mohammed
Published: January 2025

Designing Voltage Source Converter (VSC)-based DC grids presents a significant challenge in providing dependable and cost-effective protection against short-circuit faults. Given the increased vulnerability of high-voltage DC (HVDC) lines to the faults, there is a dire need for enhanced protection equipment capable of effectively handling fault currents. By limiting the rapid increase in fault current, fault current limiters (FCLs) reduce the requirement for complex DC circuit breakers (DCCBs) design in order to isolate faults. This paper presents a novel Hybrid FCL for the protection of large scale VSC-HVDC. It provides a comprehensive analysis of DCCBs and their impact on VSC-HVDC projects with and without FCLs. It further analyses an extensive discussion comparing DCCBs equipped with FCLs to those without FCLs. For simulation analysis, an equivalent circuit modeling approach of the Zhoushan HVDC Project is used to analyze current behavior of FCL-equipped breakers. The paper presents the circuit diagram and operational principles of the proposed FCL. Subsequently, it analyzes the FCL performance with its current limiting features and outlines the parameter design requirements necessary for its implementation. Simulation results utilizing PSCAD/EMTDC are provided to validate various aspects of this research. Further, the performance of the proposed FCL is compared with existing solutions proposed in the literature. From theoretical and simulation validations, it is concluded that DCCBs equipped with FCLs outperform conventional DCCBs without FCLs for higher-rated VSC-HVDC projects.
Optimal configuration strategy of energy storage considering flexible response of high energy-consuming industrial and mining loads in independent microgrid
Authors: Yixi Cuomu , Liu Xiaoming , Li Yu , Tan Jingming , Liu Zhihong , Danzeng Basang , Wang Lei
Published: January 2025

The coordinated optimization of industrial and mining loads with energy storage (ES) is a critical approach to achieving power and energy balance in microgrids while promoting the new energy accommodation. Addressing the issue of insufficient flexibility in demand response from high-energy-consuming lithium mining loads, which may lead to conservative ES capacity allocation and underutilization of complementary flexibility potential, this paper proposes an ES optimization strategy for microgrids considering the participation of high-energy-consuming lithium mining loads in demand response. Firstly, considering the production process of extracting lithium from salt lakes brine and the electricity consumption characteristics of major energy-consuming equipment, a mathematical model is developed to quantify the flexibility adjustment potential of lithium mining loads under production behavior constraints. Based on this, incorporating the regulation boundaries of photovoltaic (PV) units, gas turbine units, concentrated solar power (CSP), ES system, and flexible lithium mining loads, an ES capacity optimization model is constructed to minimize the comprehensive system capital and operation costs in independent microgrid. The model is then linearized into a mixed-integer programming problem. Finally, through case study simulations of an actual microgrid in Southwest China, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed ES optimization strategy are verified. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can economically and effectively meet the power and energy balance of the independent microgrid and the electricity demands of high-energy-consuming loads, while promoting the improvement of new energy accommodation capacity.
Can Ethiopia eliminate malaria? Malaria burden: insights from the pre-elimination era, current challenges and perspectives
Authors: Woldesenbet Dagmawi , Tegegne Yalewayker , Mussema Abdulhakim , Tamene Elias , Mohamed Kemal , Abebe Wagaw , Mekuria Melese , Bogale Kasahun , Geremew Habtamu , Shifa Mufta Muzemil , Tegegne Mulugeta Aemero
Published: January 2025

Background

Ethiopia has faced a significant burden of malaria, enduring endemic transmission in various regions. Despite concerted efforts spanning years, malaria remains a persistent public health issue, particularly affecting underserved rural communities. Previous developments in vector control, diagnostic capabilities, and treatment protocols have led to notable reductions in malaria morbidity and mortality. However, challenges persist, including the emergence of drug and insecticide resistance, compounded by environmental and demographic factors. Understanding the historical context and contemporary challenges is crucial for navigating Ethiopia’s path toward malaria elimination.

Methods

From October 2023 to January 2024, a systematic search was conducted across open access journals such as PubMed, EMBASE, CINALH, Web of Science, Global Health, and Google Scholar using MeSH and Emtree terms for malaria. The focus was on challenges of malaria elimination in Ethiopia, such as drug resistance, vectors’ insecticide resistance and the loss of the diagnostic potential of rapid diagnostic kits.

Main text

Recent trend analyses and World Health Organization reports indicate resurgence in malaria cases in Ethiopia. Factors contributing to this resurgence include emerging drug resistance, insecticide resistance, and genetic mutations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms. Other challenges include the spreading resistance to effective antimalarial drugs, socio-cultural barriers to malaria elimination, the challenge posed by Plasmodium vivax in elimination efforts, and the occurrence of imported cases in previously low burden areas. To reverse the rising trend of malaria cases, it is necessary to customize intervention strategies through active community engagement, rigorous healthcare infrastructure, and learning from countries that have successfully eliminated malaria.

Conclusion

While past successes are notable, they do not guarantee current progress, highlighting the need for rigorous implementation of strategies and adaptation of intervention methods to ensure the success of malaria elimination efforts. However, recent data suggests a concerning resurgence in malaria cases, potentially fueled by emerging drug and insecticide resistance. To achieve sustained success in malaria elimination, there is an urgent need for continued vigilance, customization of intervention strategies, and robust collaboration between stakeholders to address these challenges effectively.
Polyp dimorphism in the Mediterranean Red Coral Corallium rubrum: siphonozooids are precursors to autozooids
Authors: Loentgen Guillaume , Parks Scott K. , Allemand Denis , Tambutté Sylvie , Ganot Philippe
Published: January 2025

Polyp dimorphism, the presence of distinct autozooid (feeding) and siphonozooid (water circulation) polyps, has evolved multiple times within octocorals (class Octocorallia). Traditional anatomical descriptions have been limited to early hand-drawn publications. In precious corals (family Coralliidae), polyp dimorphism has been documented in the pacific species such as Corallium japonicum, Pleurocorallium elatius and Pleurocorallium konojoi, over the past century, yet in the Mediterranean red coral, Corallium rubrum, the literature has consistently referred to these structures generically as “polyps”, neglecting the putative dimorphism and their respective roles in reproduction, growth, and development. A key distinction between red coral species lies in their reproductive strategies: Pacific species are broadcast spawners, with gametes developing in siphonozooids, while C. rubrum is a larval brooder, with gametes maturing in autozooids. In this study, we utilized laboratory-cultured C. rubrum and a custom video imaging system to document colony growth over extended time periods. Through histological analyses and long-term observations, we demonstrated that siphonozooids, previously thought to have purely structural roles, are precursors to autozooids, suggesting a novel mechanism for colony growth in C. rubrum. This finding has important implications for understanding the extraordinary lifespan of precious coral colonies, contributing a broader knowledge to octocoral biology.
Case report: Multiple cryotherapy sessions in localized Darier's disease: a rare clinical presentation and literature review
Authors: Lyu Yansi , Wang Bin , Guan Lyuxin , Ma Li , Li Hao
Published: January 2025

Darier's disease (DD), a rare hereditary acantholytic dermatosis with high penetrance but variable expressivity, has about 10% of its cases presenting as localized lesions, known as Localized Darier's Disease (LDD). To date, only a very small number of non-segmental LDD cases have been reported. This study reports a case of a 27-year-old Chinese male with LDD, who presented with yellow-brown papules and plaques on the inner side of the right thigh for 1 month. The diagnosis of localized keratosis follicularis was confirmed through dermatoscopic examination and histopathological assessment of the skin lesion. After repeated applications of cryotherapy combined with the use of emollients, while avoiding physical friction and sun exposure, the rash gradually subsided. The patient experienced no adverse reactions after treatment. The occurrence of LDD on the inner thigh, a relatively rare site, provides new insights into the affected areas of LDD, further expands the clinical manifestations of the disease, and offers valuable experience for clinicians in recognizing and managing LDD at different sites, aiding in the optimization of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.