bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anatomic Factors Associated With Osteochondral Allograft Matching for Trochlear Cartilage Defects: A Computer-Simulation Study
Authors: Dandu Navya , Horner Nolan S. , Trasolini Nicholas A. , Hevesi Mario , Cregar William M. , Inoue Nozomu , Yanke Adam B.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Articular step-off between the donor and recipient in osteochondral allograft transplant has been shown to alter contact pressures. Currently, commercial allograft donor selection is primarily based on simple anatomic parameters such as trochlear length, trochlear width, and tibial width.

Purpose:

To identify anatomic factors associated with optimal graft matching by using a 3-dimensional simulation model.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

Computed tomography images of 10 cadaveric trochlear specimens were obtained to generate 3-dimensional models. Circular defects were created virtually in the recipient trochleae at both superolateral (18.0 mm and 22.5 mm) and central (18.0 mm, 22.5 mm, 30.0 mm) locations. The donor models were virtually projected onto the defect models, and the most optimal graft from any location of the donor specimen was selected. Cartilage incongruity, subchondral bone incongruity, and peripheral articular step-off were calculated for each graft-defect combination. Linear regression models were generated to identify predictors of incongruity, step-off, and the effect of sulcus and sagittal angle mismatch. Akaike information criterion–driven stepwise regression models were generated to identify multivariate predictors.

Results:

Ideal matches were found for 100% of superolateral defects but for only 15% to 53% of central defects, depending on the defect size. Multivariate stepwise regression identified laterality (odds ratio [OR], 0.54; P = .081), sulcus angle (OR, 0.79; P < .001), sagittal angle (OR, 0.83; P = .001), lateral radius of curvature (OR, 0.81; P < .001), and medial facet width (OR, 0.86; P = .155) as predictors of ideal graft matching. In central defects with proud grafts, increasing sagittal angle and sulcus angle resulted in significantly ( P < .001) increased articular step-off, which became sequentially larger with defect size.

Conclusion:

Sagittal angle, sulcus angle, and lateral radius of curvature mismatch should be used to determine optimal donor allografts, especially in the setting of large (30-mm) central defects. Increasing sulcus angle and sagittal angle mismatch correlated with increasing step-off in proud grafts, whereas sulcus angle and sagittal angle inconsistently correlated with step-off in recessed grafts.

Clinical Relevance:

Additional descriptive trochlear measurements should be incorporated into the algorithm for donor selection. These findings can be used to identify acceptable mismatch parameters.
External Validation of a Machine Learning Algorithm for Predicting Clinically Meaningful Functional Improvement After Arthroscopic Hip Preservation Surgery
Authors: Kunze Kyle N. , Kaidi Austin , Madjarova Sophia , Polce Evan M. , Ranawat Anil S. , Nawabi Danyal H. , Kelly Bryan T. , Nho Shane J. , Nwachukwu Benedict U.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Individualized risk prediction has become possible with machine learning (ML), which may have important implications in enhancing clinical decision making. We previously developed an ML algorithm to predict propensity for clinically meaningful outcome improvement after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. External validity of prognostic models is critical to determine generalizability, although it is rarely performed.

Purpose:

To assess the external validity of an ML algorithm for predicting clinically meaningful improvement after hip arthroscopy.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

An independent hip preservation registry at a tertiary academic medical center was queried for consecutive patients/athletes who underwent hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome between 2015 and 2017. By assuming a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) outcome/event proportion of 75% based on the original study, a minimum sample of 132 patients was required. In total, 154 patients were included. Age, body mass index, alpha angle on anteroposterior pelvic radiographs, Tönnis grade and angle, and preoperative Hip Outcome Score–Sports Subscale were used as model inputs to predict the MCID for the Hip Outcome Score–Sports Subscale 2 years postoperatively. Performance was assessed using identical metrics to the internal validation study and included discrimination, calibration, Brier score, and decision curve analysis.

Results:

The concordance statistic in the validation cohort was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.87), suggesting good to excellent discrimination. The calibration slope was 1.16 (95% CI, 0.74 to 1.61) and the calibration intercept 0.13 (95% CI, –0.26 to 0.53). The Brier score was 0.15 (95% CI, 0.12 to 0.18). The null model Brier score was 0.20. Decision curve analysis revealed favorable net treatment benefit for patients with use of the algorithm as compared with interventional changes made for all and no patients.

Conclusion:

The performance of this algorithm in an independent patient population in the northeast region of the United States demonstrated superior discrimination and comparable calibration to that of the derivation cohort. The external validation of this algorithm suggests that it is a reliable method to predict propensity for clinically meaningful improvement after hip arthroscopy and is an essential step forward toward introducing initial use in clinical practice. Potential uses include integration into electronic medical records for automated prediction, enhanced shared decision making, and more informed allocation of resources to optimize patient outcomes.
From functional dissociation to creativity in groups: The effects of a pandemic on a dance company
Authors: Vollon Clarisse , Gimenez Guy
Published: September 2022

This article explores group creativity following the lockdown in France from March to May 2020. Questioning its impact on established groups led us to formulate two hypotheses. First, the announcement of these measures provoked what Anzieu (1981) has referred to as a ‘state of creative shock’ in existing group structures. Second, the psychic envelope of these groups enabled a group creativity to emerge and be sustained. We support these remarks with an analysis of non-directive and semi-directive interviews (Lincoln, 1995) as well as recordings of sessions of a contemporary dance company, which were carried out via the Zoom platform throughout the lockdown period.
The Mexican social unconscious: ‘Confusion of tongues’ in tripartite matrices of colonized countries. Response to ‘The Mexican social unconscious—Part I: The roots of a nation’ and ‘Part II: Politics and group analysis’ by Reyna Hernández de Tubert
Authors: Penna Carla
Published: September 2022

This response is based on Reyna Hernández de Tubert two articles: The Mexican social unconscious—Part I: The roots of a nation’ and ‘Part II: Politics and group analysis’ (Hernández de Tubert, 2021). It discusses the role of the myth of mestization and the myth of conquest in the Mexican social unconscious in Mexican tripartite matrices. It also draws attention to Ferenczi’s trauma theory—confusion of tongues—exploring the psychoanalytic and group analytic ideas on the ‘identification with the aggressor’ in association with the concepts of introjection and incorporation.
Supply chain optimisation for recycling and remanufacturing sustainable management in end-of-life vehicles: A mini-review and classification
Authors: Yuik Chong Jia , Mat Saman Muhamad Zameri , Ngadiman Nor Hasrul Akhmal , Hamzah Halim Shah
Published: September 2022

End-of-life vehicles (ELV) management is becoming a global concern in the automotive industry. However, there is still limited study on supply chain optimisation that focusses on specific ELV treatments. Therefore, this mini-review article analyses the supply chain optimisation for recycling and remanufacturing sustainable management in ELV. A total of 51 papers were reviewed from the year 2016 to 2021. The key topics in each article were assessed and classified into various themes, followed by the content analysis. The percentage breakdown for the six main themes are ELV recovery management system (37.25%), reverse logistic network design (29.41%), ELV economy analysis (15.69%), government regulation or subsidies (7.84%), ELV quantity forecast (5.88%) and ELV part design (3.92%). It can be concluded that ELV recovery management and reverse logistic network design are the top two key focusses of supply chain optimisation priorities that have been extensively applied to improve ELV development. The literature gap has shown that the study on remanufacturing in the ELV supply chain is minimal compared to recycling. The classification of ELV recycling and remanufacturing supply chain optimisation in this study will be beneficial in supporting real-life problem-solving for industrial applications. This study serves as a valuable reference guide to identifying more sustainable solutions in ELV management and promoting the critical focus area for academicians and industry players.
Enhancement of thermal characteristics of flexible poly(vinyl chloride) for automotive applications by using environmentally friendly heavy metal-free modifier
Authors: Al-Mosawi Ali I , Abbas Abdulsada Shaymaa
Published: September 2022

This work intends to develop an effective heavy metal-free modifier having properties comparable to traditional stabilizers and flame retardants, simultaneously being environmentally friendly and may be superior in many aspects. The important requirement focused on is: how to increase thermal stability and flame retardancy of flexible poly(vinyl chloride). Due to the typical materials now used with poly(vinyl chloride), which increases health and environmental concerns, utilizing a novel heavy metal-free additive will make poly(vinyl chloride) substantially safer. We have used an artificial silicate for this aim, which proved to be an efficient flame retardant and surprisingly showed excellent heat stabilizing effect. Thermal stability of flexible poly(vinyl chloride) was tested by both discoloration and hydrochloric-acid release methods. Fire properties were tested by limiting oxygen index (L.O.I) method. And penetration resistance of poly(vinyl chloride) has been tested by vicat test. The improvement rate in the thermal stability time during the dehydrochlorination test was 110.7% at 160°C and 90.1% at 180°C. Also, the improvement rate in the L.O.I test was 22.2%, which increased from 21.6% for the poly(vinyl chloride) to 26.4% when 5wt.% of artificial silicate was added. The artificial silicate also increases the thermal stability of the poly(vinyl chloride) and maintains its appearance of more saturated chromatic saturated (brighter). In addition, artificial silicate increases the resistance to hot penetration of poly(vinyl chloride). Where the resistance of poly(vinyl chloride) increased by 8.9% after adding 5wt.% of artificial silicate.
Coordinated control of working implements-vehicle body for terrain adaptation of a robotized hilly tractor
Authors: Li Yanming , Huang Fei , Liu Chengliang
Published: September 2022

In order to improve driving safety and comfort in hilly terrain, at the same time to ensure the accuracy of sowing, spraying and harvesting, terrain adaptability is needed for hilly tractor. A robotic hilly tractor is designed. The original contribution of this study is the development of two types of terrain adaptive sliding mode control algorithms for attitude adjusting of the vehicle body and the working implement. The terrain-adaptive principle and control constraints of the vehicle body attitude adjusting and the inclination angles following of the working implement to the terrain are introduced. The dynamic model of the attitude adjusting and the terrain following are established. To eliminate destructive additional torque on the transmission system during attitude adjustment, a model reduced integral sliding mode control algorithm combined with feedforward control is proposed, which can ensure the precise synchronization of the left-right swing mechanism under time-varying nonlinear disturbances. A third-order sliding mode control algorithm with differential observation, which can realize the fast and non overshoot tracking of a third-order nonlinear working implement to the terrain change even if only one state variable can be measured. The validity of the above control algorithm is verified by simulation and field tests.
Neuropsychiatric manifestations are associated with increased mortality in Indian patients with lupus: A single centre retrospective observational study
Authors: Pinto Benzeeta , Suresh Sumatha C , Ramyasri Kodali , Narayan Girish , Susan Deepa , Manuel Sandra , Wodeyar Aishwarya , Shivanna Archana , Janardana Ramya , Chanakya Kodishala , Charles B Sheba , Nanjundaswamy Sangeetha K , Desai Anu M , Nadig Raghunandan , Shobha Vineeta
Published: September 2022

Objective

To study the prevalence of different NPSLE manifestations in our cohort and to compare clinical and immunological features and outcomes including mortality of patients with NPSLE and SLE controls without NP involvement.

Methods

This was a retrospective study in a tertiary care referral centre. All patients of SLE seen in the last 10 years and fulfilling the SLICC criteria with neuropsychiatric manifestations as per the ACR definitions were included. Patients of SLE without NP involvement were sequentially assigned as controls in a ratio of 1:2.

Results

Of the 769 patients diagnosed with SLE from Jan 2011 to December 2020, 128 (16.6%) had NPSLE manifestations as per the ACR definitions. The commonest NPSLE manifestation was seizures (6.5%) followed by cerebrovascular accident (3.9%). NPSLE manifestation occurred at the first presentation of SLE in 99/128 (77.3%) patients and 58 (45.3%) patients had more than one NPSLE manifestation. Lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody were tested in 120 patients and were positive in 16 (13.3%) and 12 (10%), respectively. No difference was found in anti-ribosomal p, lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies between the cases and controls. Twenty-one (16.4%) deaths occurred in patients with NPSLE (median follow-up of 40 months) as compared to 13 (5%) in controls (median follow-up of 32 months) ( p = <0.001). The cumulative survival of patients with NPSLE was lower as compared to controls ( p < 0.001). Relapse of NPSLE was seen in 11(8.6%) patients and was associated with mortality ( p = 0.017).

Conclusions

Seizures and cerebrovascular accidents are the commonest NPSLE syndromes in our patients. The presence of NPSLE was associated with high mortality in Indian patients with lupus.
Autotaxin is a potential link between genetic risk factors and immunological disturbances of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in systematic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Tsuchida Yumi , Shoda Hirofumi , Nakano Masahiro , Ota Mineto , Okamura Tomohisa , Yamamoto Kazuhiko , Kurano Makoto , Yatomi Yutaka , Fujio Keishi , Sawada Tetsuji
Published: September 2022

Background

The importance of autotaxin, an enzyme that catalyzes lysophospholipid production, has recently been recognized in various diseases, including cancer and autoimmune diseases. Herein, we examined the role of autotaxin in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), utilizing data from ImmuNexUT, a comprehensive database consisting of transcriptome data and expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data of immune cells from patients with immune-mediated disorders.

Methods

Serum autotaxin concentrations in patients with SLE and healthy controls (HCs) were compared. The transcriptome data of patients with SLE and age- and sex-matched HCs were obtained from ImmuNexUT. The expression of ENPP2, the gene encoding autotaxin, was examined in peripheral blood immune cells. Next, weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify genes with expression patterns similar to ENPP2. The ImmuNexUT eQTL database and public epigenomic databases were used to infer the relationship between autotaxin and pathogenesis of SLE.

Results

Autotaxin levels were elevated in the serum of patients with SLE compared to HCs. Furthermore, the expression of ENPP2 was higher in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) than in other immune cell subsets, and its expression was elevated in pDCs of patients with SLE compared to HCs. In WGCNA, ENPP2 belonged to a module that correlated with disease activity. This module was enriched in interferon-associated genes and included genes whose expression was influenced by single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with SLE, suggesting that it is a key module connecting genetic risk factors of SLE with disease pathogenesis. Analysis utilizing the ImmuNexUT eQTL database and public epigenomic databases suggested that the increased expression of ENPP2 in pDCs from patients with SLE may be caused by increased expression of interferon-associated genes and increased binding of STAT3 complexes to the regulatory region of ENPP2.

Conclusions

Autotaxin may play a critical role in connecting genetic risk factors of SLE to disease pathogenesis in pDCs.
A Cross-National Spatial Study of Crime Using Variables Informed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
Authors: Groeneveld Gretha , Breetzke Gregory
Published: September 2022

Cross-national spatial studies of crime are rare. Reasons are manifold but include the lack of standardization of variables across, often diverse, contexts. In this study, we propose a potential solution to this impasse by examining the spatial causes of violent crime across two axiomatically different contexts: Khayelitsha (in South Africa) and Fort Lauderdale (in the United States). In a departure from previous research, our variable selection for this study is guided by the Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards, specifically ISO 37210 indicators—which relate to the Sustainable Development of Communities. We use these standards to operationalize the seminal spatial theory of crime, namely the social disorganization theory. Results show some similarity in the spatial risk factors associated with violent crime. We conclude by arguing for the benefits of using standardized variables in cross-national spatial crime research but also highlight the challenges of such an approach.
Inferior Oblique Anterior Transposition versus Myectomy for Inferior Oblique Overaction: Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Authors: Karam Mohammad , Alsaif Abdulmalik , Alhajeri Saud , Al Dehaini Ahmad , Aldubaikhi Ahmed , Alkhowaiter Nahlaa , Alali Alaa
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of inferior oblique anterior transposition (IOAT) versus inferior oblique myectomy (IOM) in patients with primary inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) or secondary IOOA to superior nerve palsy. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines and an electronic search was conducted to identify studies comparing IOAT versus IOM for IOOA. Residual inferior oblique function, reduction in hypertropia and post-operative complications were identified as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included superior oblique function, head tilt improvement, effect on the contralateral eye, operation time and macular changes. The analysis was based on fixed or random-effects modelling. Eleven studies enrolling 729 patients were identified. Inferior oblique function was not significantly different between both interventions, namely the elimination of IOOA (Odds Ratio[OR] = 0.97, P = 0.97), reduction in IOOA (Mean Difference[MD] = −0.06, P = 0.68), post-operative inferior oblique under-action (OR = 1.06, P = 0.83) and residual overaction (OR = 0.71, P = 0.15). Similarly, no significant difference was noted between both groups in reducing hypertropia. Regarding post-operative complications, no significant difference was observed, including the incidence of anti-elevation syndrome (P = 0.10). No significant difference was noted regarding superior oblique function, improvement in head tilt, effect on the contralateral eye and macular changes, although surgical time was shorter in the IOM group. In conclusion, IOAT and IOM are both effective surgical procedures in the management of IOOA as they produced comparable outcomes in the improvement in hypertropia, post-operative inferior oblique function and incidence of complications.
Oct biomarkers of treatment-naive diabetic macular edema in patients with non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Turkseven Kumral Esra , Ercalık Nimet Yesim , Alpogan Oksan , Yenerel Nursal Melda , Ozcelik Kose Alev , Ozturk Yucel , Acar Zeynep Ayse
Published: September 2022

Purpose

To evaluate and compare the retinal and choroidal spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema (DME) secondary to non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR-PDR).

Material and methods

A hundred and thirty-eight eyes of 138 patients with DME were evaluated. Best-corrected visual acuity was recorded, biomicroscopic anterior and posterior segment examination, SD-OCT imaging, and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were performed. Demographic features, OCT characteristics, FFA, and visual acuity measurements were evaluated and compared between the two groups.

Results

Sixteen eyes were excluded from the study due to the lack of FFA images. Data of 122 eyes were analyzed for the study. Sixty-five eyes with NPDR (Group 1) and 57 eyes with PDR (Group 2) were enrolled in the study. There was no significant difference in central macular thicknesses (CMT) between the two groups. The eyes with DME + PDR showed a higher rate of the diffuse type of macular edema with more para and peri-foveal extension accompanied by larger cysts than the eyes with DME + NPDR. Disorganization of retinal inner layers, disrupted ellipsoid zone, and the epiretinal membrane were more prominent in the eyes with PDR. Also, there were more prominent macular ischemia on FFA and worse initial visual acuity measurements in the eyes with PDR than those with NPDR. Choroidal thickness (CT) was significantly reduced in the PDR group.

Conclusion

SD-OCT features of treatment-naïve DME in patients with NPDR and PDR presented some differences. These variations may be related to diabetic retinopathy severity and may provide information about prognosis.
Exploratory Data Analysis of Genomic Sequence of Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Reveals Sequence Divergence and Mutational Localization
Authors: Sangeet Satyam , Khan Arshad
Published: September 2022

Whole genome sequencing has rapidly progressed in recent years, with sequencing the SARS-CoV-2 genomes, making it a more reliable clinical tool for public health surveillance. This development has resulted in the production of a large amount of genomic data used for various types of genomic exploration. However, without a proper standard protocol, the usage of genomic data for analyzing various biological phenomena, such as mutation and evolution, may result in a propagating risk of using an unvalidated data set. This process could lead to irregular data being generated along with a high risk of altered analysis. Thus, the current study lays out the foundation for a preprocess pipeline using data analysis to analyze the genomic data set for its accuracy. We have used the recent example of SARS-CoV-2 to demonstrate the process overflow that can be utilized for various kinds of biological exploration such as understanding mutational events, evolutionary divergence, and speciation. Our analysis reveals a significant amount of sequence divergence in the gamma variant as compared with the reference genome thereby making the variant less infective and deadly. Moreover, we found regions in the genomic sequence that is more prone to mutational localization thereby altering the structural integrity of the virus resulting in a more reliable molecular viral mechanism. We believe that the current work will help for an initial check of the genomic data followed by the biological assessment of the process overflow which will be beneficial for the variant analysis and mutational uprising.
Rituximab Treatment of Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Wang Siru , Perlmutter Jonah W. , Johnston James , Nugent Zoann , Wiseman Marni
Published: September 2022

Background

Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) presents only in the skin at the time of diagnosis with no evidence of extracutaneous disease, and primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL) is the most common subtype. There is currently a lack of prospective randomized control trials and large retrospective studies investigating the efficacy of different treatment options for PCFCL. This retrospective study was conducted to describe our local clinical experience and outcomes of patients treated with rituximab-containing regimens.

Objectives

To describe our local clinical experience and treatment outcomes of patients treated with rituximab-containing regimens.

Methods

A retrospective study consisting of 25 PCFCL patients treated with different modalities. Patient records were reviewed and analyzed using a Kaplan-Meier estimation and SAS 9.4 software.

Results

After the initial treatment, all patients had CR except for 1 patient in the observation group. Further, 60% of patients in surgery, 20% in chemoimmunotherapy, 67% in rituximab monotherapy, 33% in steroid injection/systemic prednisone, and 33% in observation experienced a relapse. Although no significant difference was found between treatment groups due to the small sample size, time to relapse trends provides insight into treatment responses. Chemoimmunotherapy had the lowest relapse rate in the first 5 years post-treatment, whereas surgery had a higher tendency to relapse.

Conclusions

Despite the potential for rituximab-containing chemoimmunotherapy to yield adverse effects, it is effective in achieving a prolonged clinical remission in patients with PCFCL. It remains a reasonable treatment option for diffuse, extensive, or treatment-resistant disease.
Subscription video-on-demand (SVOD) original production in Australia: Evolution or revolution?
Authors: Scarlata Alexa , Douglas James , Lobato Ramon
Published: September 2022

Original production by subscription-video-on-demand services (SVOD) is often associated with a U.S. model of premium drama, characterized by high production values, edgy storytelling, and narrative complexity. Yet the internationalization of SVOD production in recent years has complicated this assumption, revealing diverse national experiences. In this article, we test the notion of ‘SVOD exceptionalism’ through a content and production analysis of Australian SVOD originals released by Netflix, Stan, Amazon Prime Video, Paramount+, and Binge (2015–2021). Identifying the characteristic formats, genres, features, and production dynamics of Australian SVOD originals, we explore how these texts connect with the existing patterns of the national production culture. Our findings suggest that SVOD production in Australia has largely extended rather than challenged established storytelling norms, reflecting a production ecology still shaped around broadcast logics. Consequently, we identify the early years of SVOD production in Australia as a period marked less by innovation than by risk mitigation.
Do parties still shape policies in times of crisis? The impact of financial constraints on partisan policymaking in Italy (1996–2018)
Authors: Borgnino Giorgia
Published: September 2022

This paper investigates the effect of macro-economic conditions on partisan policymaking through an analysis of novel data on the fulfilment of 2412 Italian pledges. Are parties able to produce ideologically driven policies even during economic downturns? And how does the economic context affect parties’ capacity to fulfil their pledges? In this paper, I contend that the interaction between macroeconomic conditions and the policymaking process is more complex than it is usually depicted and cannot be restricted to the constraints, financial above all, engendered by a recession period. Results from binary logistic regressions indeed suggest that parties do maintain a certain room for manoeuvre to influence the governing agenda in times of crisis. Even though in some cases pledge fulfilment is severely affected by deteriorations of economic conditions, parties are still able to carry out a large share of their programmatic priorities. Moreover, the economic situation mostly challenges left-leaning governments.
Exploring tourist’s socio-cultural aversions, self-congruity bias, attitudes and willingness to participate in indigenous tourism
Authors: Holder Afiya , Walters Gabrielle , Ruhanen Lisa , Mkono Mucha
Published: September 2022

Empirical studies of tourist socio-cultural aversions and their influence on tourist consumption are limited. A socio-cultural aversion describes the avoidance associated with an ingrained dislike for, and distancing from something representative of a specific social or cultural group's identity, and can be implicit or explicit, aggressive or passive. This study explores socio-cultural aversions in the context of Indigenous tourism. The study reveals that while xenophobia and racism can predict the attitudes of both domestic and international tourists towards Indigenous tourism, this does not necessarily result in a non-willingness to participate. However, regarding self-congruity bias, the less participants relate to or identify with Indigenous tourism, the less likely they are willing to participate. This has implications for the appeal and marketing of tourism products, especially those underpinned by socio-cultural components such as Indigenous tourism. The study proposes marketing and product development solutions for destination marketers and tourism operators seeking to enhance appeal for Indigenous tourism experiences.
Teleneuropsycological adaptation of the NEUROPSI Breve screening test
Authors: González-Osornio María Guadalupe , Medina-Rivera Martha Valeria , Orta-Castañeda Larissa
Published: September 2022

Objective

Teleneuropsychology refers to the application of neuropsychology using video teleconferencing (VTC) techniques, whose methodology facilitates access to remote populations, a need that has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous investigations have documented the equivalence of different screening assessments (Mini Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment for Neuropsychological Status) when applied via teleneuropsychology. The goal of the present work is to test the equivalence of the Brief Neuropsychological Battery in Spanish (NEUROPSI Breve), a neuropsychological screening instrument standardized for Spanish-speaking population that has reported a high sensitivity (91.6%) for identifying dementia, when applied in the VTC modality.

Method

In total, 32 Mexicans between 16 and 70 years were assessed, both in traditional (face-to-face) and VTC format with a 20 min wait between each application. Each participant was randomly assigned into one of four groups that were generated from the established conditions: the first application could be face-to-face or by VTC modality and an adapted or original version of NEUROPSI Breve would be applied; for the second application, the remaining modality and instrument would be used. Statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (v. 25).

Results

The Wilcoxon signed-rank test presented statistically significant differences (Z = −2.79, P = .005). However, when applied to each one of the four evaluation groups, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed no statistically significant differences; the same results were found when starting with the original or adapted instrument, and when starting with the face-to-face modality ( P < .005). However, differences are shown when starting with the online (VTC) modality (groups B and C) ( P = .028).

Conclusions

The NEUROPSI Breve is applicable in both modalities, satisfying the needs of the population and the evaluation guidelines.
Flexural behaviour analysis of wet joint of precast bridge deck with UHPC functional gradient
Authors: Wang Kai , Guo Liujun , Wang Jinyu , Hu Shimei , Yu Guoqing
Published: September 2022

To optimize the wet joint structure of a precast bridge deck and make effective use of ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC), five specimens of the prefabricated UHPC functional gradient wet joint plate (UFGWJP) and one normal concrete prefabricated wet joint plate were tested by four-point bending, and their failure modes, bearing capacity, deformation performance, and strain distribution were analysed. The results show that the failure mode of all joint plates was bending failure, and the initial cracking position was basically at the interface between the joint and the precast slab. The excellent mechanical properties of UHPC enhance the bonding performance between the joint and the precast plate interface and significantly improve the cracking load. With an increase in the thickness ratio of UHPC and the flexural toughness ratio of UHPC/normal concrete (NC), the bearing capacity and deformation performance of the joint plate gradually increase. Furthermore, the wet joint of a prefabricated bridge deck with a functional gradient can be designed and fabricated, and the structural optimization of the prefabricated bridge deck wet joints is proven successful by tests.
Living in uncertainty while a spouse is undergoing a cognitive assessment: Voices of women care partners
Authors: Hedman Ragnhild , Hillerås Pernilla , Tyrrell Marie
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Women often support partners with cognitive symptoms during the assessment process and when they are receiving a cognitive diagnosis. Living with a partner with cognitive symptoms can be stressful; however, there is limited insights into the specific experiences of older women during the assessment process. Previous research indicates that there are gender differences in the experiences of spousal caregiving; however, further research is needed in regard to the experiences of men and women as care partners. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to describe women’s experiences of living with a partner undergoing a cognitive assessment.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven women when their male partners commenced a cognitive assessment and after the assessment had been completed. The interviews were analysed with abductive content analysis.

Findings

Uncertainty permeated the women’s experiences. Antecedents, attributes and strategies to manage the uncertainty were described.

Conclusion

The participants expressed informational and existential uncertainty when their partner underwent a cognitive assessment. A lack of knowledge regarding the assessment process and cognitive diagnoses, especially mild cognitive impairment, was identified. Further, there was a need to process existential uncertainty evoked by the situation.
Exploring Countermarketing Messages to Reduce Youth Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption in The Bronx, NY
Authors: Palmedo P. Christopher , Flores Samantha , Castillo Kalya , Byrne-Zaaloff Moria , Moltzen Kelly
Published: September 2022

Background

Racial and ethnic targeted marketing of junk foods, particularly sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs), is a health concern for communities already disproportionately suffering from obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.

Focus of the Article

The article is a report on qualitative research which explored attitudes and message testing intended to dissuade youth from drinking SSBs.

Research Question

Can the incorporation of countermarketing messages improve the effectiveness of a curriculum and/or social marketing campaign to reduce SSB consumption among youth in The Bronx, NY?

Design and Approach

Eight focus groups ( N = 66) with youth 12–15 to explore ideas and messages to reduce SSB consumption. Youth were recruited from a coalition of afterschool programs dedicated to eliminating racial and ethnic health disparities. The focus groups explored product (formulation), price (low), place (ubiquity), and promotion (racial and ethnic targeting), and focused on messages that can be used to counter existing industry messaging.

Importance to Social Marketing

Countermarketing, a sub-field of social marketing, has been effective in tobacco control, but its effectiveness has been less understood with ultra-processed foods and beverages. We wanted to learn how participants would respond to information about the product manipulation and racial targeted marketing that underlies much of the poor nutritional choices in underserved communities. We were seeking to determine if incorporating this information into a comprehensive social marketing plan could positively influence consumption habits.

Methods

Eight focus groups with 66 students. The focus group guide was informed by the Theory of Planned Behavior and the literature on youth consumption of SSBs, and employed a semi-structured interview design. Using an inductive modified grounded theory approach, the team identified relevant themes and insights for social marketing practice.

Recommendations for Research or Practice

The results of this study can assist in the development of a social marketing strategy to reduce SSB consumption among populations targeted by food and beverage companies. The study reinforces prior research that countermarketing messaging may be effective in such a campaign. Potentially effective messaging topics include racial/ethnic targeting, product formulation, and the health effects of processed foods.

Limitations

While this research project covered messaging and broad strategy, it did not explore specific tactics to activate the concepts discussed in the focus groups. Also, while the study may be considered generalizable to other large cities in the U.S., broader applicability should be met with caution.
Flexural performance of three-dimensional braided open-hole composite with different hole diameter and preform size
Authors: Gao Xingzhong , Wen Danyang , Siddique Amna , Liu Tao , Fan Wei , Chen Hon , Yu JunXin , Cao Miao
Published: September 2022

Three dimensional (3-D) braided composite is one element of the structures which must connect with other structural elements, to form load transmission path during its service in aerospace, transport and engineering structures. Bolted joints are usually the lower-cost option because of its simplicity, low-cost tooling, and inspection requirements. Secondary bending induced by minor eccentricity of the loads occurs in many types of joints and can cause serious problems. In this study, flexural performance of 3-D braided open-hole composite (3DBOHC) considering open-hole diameter and preform size is systematically studied. Three-point bending test combined with a high-speed camera observation was conducted. The results show that the damage initiates in the top surface of 3DBOHC. Failure mode gradually changed from fiber breakage into interface debonding, when increasing the braiding angle. The reduction of composite strength becomes less sensitive to drilling process when braiding angle increased. The strength reduction of 3DBOHC with hole diameter of 1.5 is 13.8%, 10.3% and 5.8% for 10°, 20° and 30°, respectively. The increase in modulus and strength achieved by increasing preform size is higher for larger braiding angle 3DBOHCs. When the preform size increased from 3 ⅹ 9 to 3 ⅹ 17, the modulus increase for 10°20°and 30° 3DBOHCs is 25.4%, 42.5% and 43.2%, respectively. The strength increase for 10°20°and 30°3DBOHCs is 20.3%, 26.3% and 30.2%, respectively. This research provides a comprehensive insight for the design and application of 3-D braided composite joints.
Suitable stacking sequence of glass fibre reinforcements for specific application of composite using Taguchi design and finite element method
Authors: Datta Mallika , Nath Devarun , Das Srijan , Malitha Mainul
Published: September 2022

The effect of stacking sequence of the various forms of glass fibre reinforcement on unsaturated polyester resin composite subjected to tensile and flexural loading was investigated. The Taguchi statistical technique had been used to identify a sustainable stacking sequence with unidirectional glass filament structure, glass fibre chopped strand mat, and woven glass roving mesh as reinforcement. The study used top, middle, and bottom layer positions of the reinforcing material stack inside the composite as control factors for tensile strength, and as well as flip (turning the face of the sample about the testing probe) for flexural strength. Response tables and analysis of variance were used to identify the most influential factors, and response graphs indicated the most important level for control factors. It was demonstrated that the location with the highest contribution for tensile strength was the middle layer, and in the instance of flexural loading, the bottom layer rear to the probe of the universal testing machine was the primary control factor. The strongest level was found to be one made of chopped strand mat sandwiched between two cross-oriented unidirectional filament structures. The uniqueness of this research is to establish the optimal way to stack reinforcements in superstructures such as walls, tables, beams that are only partially supported, poles, and boats, considering the different types of loads and the directions in which the forces act. The Finite Element Method (FEM) was used, to simulate the findings.
That’s a Wrap: Could Controlling Activity-Regulated Myelination Prevent Absence Seizures?
Authors: Miralles Raquel , Patel Manoj K.
Published: September 2022

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Can a Mouse Help Us Unravel the Mysteries of CDKL5-Related Epilepsy?
Authors: Goldman Alica M.
Published: September 2022

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PSD characteristics for the random vibration signals used in bridge structural health monitoring in Vietnam based on a multi-sensor system
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Q , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Nguyen Thuy T
Published: September 2022

This study proposes two parameters, including the appearance frequency of harmonics (AFH) and the change in shape of the power spectral density (PSD), which are examined to assess the decline in stiffness of a bridge span. PSDs are obtained from the real vibration signals of the randomized traffic load model based on accelerometer multi-sensors that indicate the change in mechanical behavior of the structure over time. In addition, AFHs evaluate the workability of the structure. With these parameters in mind, actual vibrations in real beam structures are studied with the aim of using structural health monitoring to assess the bearing capacity reduction on Saigon Bridge’s spans. The results show that AFHs and the high-frequency regions relate to the decreased stiffness of the bridge’s spans over a given period of time. In the future, this research can be used to monitor structural health for various types of structure materials and many different bridge spans.
WEB embolization of very broad-based intracranial aneurysms with a dome-to-neck ratio ≤ 1.1
Authors: Goertz Lukas , Liebig Thomas , Siebert Eberhard , Pennig Lenhard , Zaeske Charlotte , Celik Erkan , Schlamann Marc , Dorn Franziska , Kabbasch Christoph
Published: September 2022

Objective

The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) is a well-studied intrasaccular device for endovascular treatment of wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. We evaluated the feasibility, safety and efficacy of the WEB for the treatment of very broad-based aneurysms with a dome-to-neck ratio ≤ 1.1.

Methods

Thirty-four aneurysms treated at three neurovascular centers were retrospectively identified. The mean aneurysm size was 5.5 ± 1.6 mm with a mean neck width of 4.7 ± 1.5 and a mean dome-to-neck ratio of 1.0 ± 0.1. The primary outcome measures were immediate technical treatment success by WEB only, complete or near-complete occlusion at 6-month follow-up and ischemic stroke.

Results

Aneurysm embolization by WEB only was technically feasible in 79.4%. Additional stenting was required in 14.7%. In two aneurysms (5.9%), WEB implantation failed, and the aneurysm was treated by stent- and balloon-assisted coiling, respectively. Thromboembolic events occurred during 5 interventions (14.7%), all of these performed in ruptured aneurysms. One patient (2.9%) remained asymptomatic (follow-up modified Rankin scale [mRS] score: 0), 2 patients (5.9%) had a transient deficit (mRS 0 and 1, respectively), and 2 (5.9%) had a disabling ischemic stroke (mRS 3, respectively). Mid-term angiographic follow-up of 29 patients (4.0 ± 2.6 months, range: 2–9 months) showed complete occlusion (WEB occlusion scale [WOS] A) in 41.4%, near-complete occlusion (WOS B) in 34.5%, a neck remnant (WOS C) in 10.3%, and aneurysm remnants (WOS D) in 13.8%.

Conclusions

WEB embolization of very broad-necked aneurysms was technically feasible and could be achieved by WEB only in the majority of cases. Considering the challenging anatomy of very broad-based aneurysms, the WEB procedure was reasonably safe and efficient.
Numerical analysis of internal flow characteristics and energy consumption assessment in full flow field of multi-stage centrifugal pump considering clearance flow
Authors: Fan Ruonan , Liang Zhaoyu , Fan Baoxin , Chen Songying , Lv Wei , Xu Wenchao , Zheng Jianping , Wang Dianyuan
Published: September 2022

In this paper, a seven-stage high pressure centrifugal pump for water injection was taken as the research object. The steady state full flow field was numerically simulated by unstructured grid and Renormalization Group (RNG) k- ε turbulence model, and the results were verified by experiment. The flow characteristics of each flow passage component in the centrifugal pump under rated flow condition were analyzed, and the influence of wear-ring clearance flow on the full flow field was studied. The entropy production theory was applied to compare the distribution law of full flow field with and without wear-ring clearance at rated flow. The range and magnitude of the main energy loss in the pump were quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the guide vane area has the highest entropy production, which is the main energy loss part of the centrifugal pump. The existence of wear-ring clearance increases the entropy production of full flow field and has an adverse effect. The impeller wear-ring clearance has a greater influence on the full flow field than the guide vane wear-ring clearance.
A study on the load characteristics of the anchorage according to the natural frequency change of the electric cabinet in a power plant
Authors: Lee Sang-Moon , Jung Woo-Young
Published: September 2022

Due to the recent earthquakes in Korea, many cases of damage to anchorage of the electric cabinet in the power plant have been reported. Accordingly, for the purpose of reviewing the seismic safety, a study on the load characteristics transmitted to the anchorage during an earthquake is proceeding. It was investigated that the load transmitted to the anchorage also changes according to the change in the natural frequency of the cabinet. However, in the case of cabinets used in the actual field, it is necessary to prove the results of previous studies under more diverse conditions because they are composed of various stiffness. In this study, a structure replacing a cabinet was manufactured and the load transmitted to the anchorage under various conditions was analyzed through an experimental and analytical approach. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the load transmitted to the anchorage increases as the natural frequency of the structure increases, and a correlation equation between the natural frequency of the structure and the transmission load of the anchorage was derived. Using the correlation equation proposed in this study is expected to help identify the load delivered to the cabinet anchorage under an earthquake.