bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationships among Leisure Motivation, Leisure Attitude, Perceived Value and Happiness for Motorcycle Riders
Authors: Ching-Te Lin, , Yu-Sheng Lin, , Chin-Cheng Yang, , Chen-Ping Wu, , Chih-Chien Shen,
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this research is to explore the correlation between leisure motivation, leisure attitude, perceived value and happiness of large heavy motorcycle riders. Taking knights in the central region of Taiwan as the research object, the questionnaire was distributed by intentional sampling. A total of 515 questionnaires were distributed, and 427 valid questionnaires (82.9%) were returned. The questionnaire was verified by descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. The results found that leisure motivation, leisure attitude, and perceived value significantly positively affect happiness, and leisure attitude significantly positively affects perceived value. In addition, leisure attitude and perceived value also play an intermediary role between leisure motivation and happiness. Large heavy-duty riders choose to participate in self-preferred riding activities to obtain a pleasant experience of their self-demand, subtly improve overall life satisfaction, and effectively promote happiness.
The importance of quality language preparation as an inseparable part of education of the Police Force members in favour of not only troublefree carrying out their job
Authors: Losonczi Peter , Klimo Vladimír , Jánošová Monika
Published: September 2021

The necessity of having a good command of a foreign language is at the present time
emphasized by the membership of Slovakia within the European Union. This fact is reflected
both in advantages and in disadvantages following from the mentioned membership. Foreign
languages represent not only an inseparable part of economic and legal processes, but in
connection with law also the need for solving criminality following from various commitments
within the EU. Learning of how to communicate in a foreign language should not consist in
unreasonable duty of memorizing some phrases leading to the effect of their minimal or no
using in practice. Communication skill, however, necessitates competent teachers having a good
command of a particular foreign language, mother tongue (not only being possessor of a degree
certificate) and translating techniques (not only being possessor of the so-called certified
translator stamp). Each of the Slovak Police Force members has been obliged to get basic police
education providing knowledge necessary for carrying out this kind of occupation. Focal point of
the mentioned kind of education is a sufficient familiarization with the respective laws and, on
the basis of the skill gained in such a way, the ability of implementing the gained knowledge in
practice. Focusing on a particular law depends on the specialization of the future Police Force
members, e.g. public order police, traffic police, border police or alien police. Eucating future
police officers include also other, not less important subjects, that provide information necessary
for carrying out this occupation. May schools in general tend to providing any quality education,
no school is perfect just like people are not, in this case students and teachers. The effort of every
school is to approach the attribute “perfect“ as much as possible. This is a process that in the
“dialogue“ teacher vs. student depends on teachers themselves representing a particular school.
Education success is crowned by gaining a particular certificate and is conditioned by
cooperation of both participants of the “dialogue“, i.e. teachers and students.
Keywords: Foreign language, Police, Memorizing
The Effect of Education, Experience, and Audit Fee on Audit Quality
Authors: Kartini Kartini , Pontoh Grace T. , Yolanda Audrey Michelle Wenny
Published: September 2021

Audit quality is a representation of the auditor's performance as an audit service provider and also the auditee as an audit service user. As a liaison between the interests of users of financial statements and the interests of the company, auditors are required to improve the quality of their services which in turn will have an impact on quality audit results. Auditors with adequate education and experience and appropriate audit fee in performing audit services will have an effect on the quality of the resulting audit. This study aims to examine and prove the effect of education, experience and audit fee on audit quality. The data used are primary data in the form of questionnaires distributed to auditors, both senior auditors and junior auditors at Public Accounting Firms located in Sulawesi. The questionnaires distributed to respondents were 46 auditors and 42 questionnaires were returned and able to processed. This study used a quantitative approach with purposive sampling and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that education, experience and audit fee have an effect on audit quality

Keywords: Education; Experience; Audit Fee; Audit Quality
Customer Purchase Intention for Organic Personal Care Product
Authors: Kian Tan Pei , Chia Lim Hui , Jeyakumar Robert , Chun Cedric Choong Ee
Published: September 2021

This research is aim to find out what are the factors that influence generation Y's purchase intention for organic personal care product. Nowadays, people are more concern for their health. There are eight variables have been investigated in this research that might influence the generation Y's purchase intention on organic personal care product. The eight variables included attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and 5 demographic factors which include of gender, age, income level, education level and races. The research is completed with the questionnaire which conducted for data collection purpose. This study had been conducted around the state of Melaka, Malaysia and some of the organic personal care shops which locate in Malaysia. A total of 155 questionnaires issued to the respondents but there is only 152 with the completed data. The target respondents for this research are generation Y who stay in Malaysia. The data collected is keyed into Statistical Package of the Social Science (SPSS) for analysis. Among the test incorporated in this study are reliability test, normality test, descriptive test t-test, ANOVA and Multiple Linear Regression. The study revealed that attitude and subjective norms have significant relationship with customer purchase intention for organic personal care product. Besides, the study also found that there is a significant difference of consumer purchase intention of organic personal care product for age and income level.

Keywords: Purchase Intention, Organic Product, Organic Personal Care Product, Green Environment
The Conceptual Framework of Economic Cooperation and Integration between Oic: Emperical Evidence on Effects of Trade on Cooperation and Integration
Authors: ibrahim eldeeb Ibrahim Mohamed , Bin Haris Prof. Madya. Dr. Asmaddy , bin Muda Prof.Dato.Dr Muhamad
Published: September 2021

This study aims to illustrates the conceptual framework of economic cooperation and integration between OIC countries. This paper follows descriptive analysis approach to describe the conceptual framework of cooperation and integration between OIC countries. This paper describes the conceptual framework of economic cooperation and integration between OIC. It explores the channels through which trade can contribute to cooperation and integration. This study highlighted the cooperation between OIC in the light of economic integration theory. The results of this study discovers the dynamic relationship between trade balance and macroeconomic elements. This study also explains the empirical evidence on effects of trade on cooperation and integration.

Keywords: Economic Cooperation, Economic integration theory, Trade Balance and Macroeconomic Elements.
Does External Shariah Audit (ESA) Matter? Practitioners' Views from the Islamic Banking Industry
Authors: Yasoa M R , Yusoff M N H , Said S N M , Zainuddin S A , Nasir N A M , Muhamad S F , Abdullah T
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the possibility and feasibility of the Islamic banking industry in Malaysia to hire external Shariah audit (ESA) services in the audit fraternity as one of the Shariah governance mechanisms to strengthen Shariah compliance in the industry. Methodologically, the study employs a qualitative method by utilizing semi-structured interviews with nine (9) key industry players consists of few Shariah auditors, heads of Shariah audit, Shariah committee, and Chief of Shariah officer. Data gathered from the interviews have been transcribed and analyzed using Atlas.ti. The findings from the interview provide interesting mixed views in the sense that both parties have their justifications to support their arguments based on experience and observation. However, considering the current practices by the Islamic banking industry, it could be inferred that the Malaysian Islamic banking industry is not ready to exercise the ESA practices. The future study may consider other views from other relevant parties such as the regulator and external auditor to produce a more solid and robust result.

Keywords: External Shariah Audit, Islamic Banks, Qualitative Method, Shariah Governance
GETTING USED TO THE NEW: AN ANALYSIS OF THE LEADERSHIP STYLE IN SCHOOL DURING PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: Yusof Mat Rahimi , Don Yahya , Mohd Yaakob Mohd Faiz , Omar-Fauzee M.S. , Pang Lai Chaw
Published: September 2021

The worldwide Covid-19 pandemic has significantly changed the leadership style of Malaysian school leaders. To balance the current leadership challenges of the pandemic and the rapidity of technology, school leaders must think ahead and infuse new ones in leadership styles. As a result, the purpose of this study was to identify the functions and behaviours of new leadership styles of school leaders. The results of the questionnaire analysis collected from 103 respondents (principals=74) and (headmasters=29) school leaders using SEM AMOS successfully identified and validated nine functions and 42 behaviours in the new school leadership style. These functions are virtual meetings, virtual forums or discussions, sharing of new information, file sharing, virtual communication, supervision of digital technology-assisted teaching, monitoring student performance with digital technology, promoting development and professionalism. These functions include virtual meetings, virtual forums or discussions, the dissemination of new information, file sharing, virtual communication, the supervision of digital technology-assisted teaching, the monitoring of student performance with digital technology, and the promotion of development and professionalism. This study is expected to have a significant impact on school leaders' use of new leadership styles in the school.
TOOLS SUPPORT E-LEARNING: A REVIEW
Authors: Yazid Raidah , Sukormo Nur Syazwani , Shahbodin Faaizah , Mohamed Siti Nurul Mahfuzah
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, the internet is becoming more user-centric, allowing for two-way information exchange. The term of Web 2.0 means internet applications which allow sharing and collaboration opportunities to people and help them to express themselves online. e-Learning is a term used in education to describe web 2.0 technologies and applications into educational and institutional activity. In the meantime, providing complete strategy to provide an effective learning environment that includes various courses, software, and infrastructures. Meanwhile, e-Learning is a popular method of imparting training in today's world. However, a large percentage of e-learning content fails to fulfil successful teaching and learning standards, emphasizing the need for guidelines on how to structure online resources for effective learning. Therefore, this paper has reviewed tools such a Gamification, Learning Management System (LMS), HTML-5 package (H5P) that will support e-learning to develop effective learning.
COVID-19 SENTIMENT ANALYSIS ON FACEBOOK COMMENTS
Authors: Ibrahim Sajidah , Ab Rahim Nor Zairah , Fatihan Fajar Ibnu , Abu Bakar Nur Azaliah
Published: September 2021

Malaysia recorded its first COVID-19 case on 9th March 2020 and recorded a total of 59,817 by end of November 2020. Buzz in social media over COVID-19 and measures by the Government to curb infection spread among citizens. The study aims to understand Malaysian public awareness and perception of COVID-19 related issues on Facebook during the 1st and 2nd week of Movement Control Order (MCO). Data mining was conducted on DG Tan Sri Noor Hisham Abdullah’s official Facebook account user comments and a total of 77,351 comments was collected between 18 March and 14 April 2020. The analyses included data pre-processing and sentiment analysis to identify and explore sentiments in discussion topics within the first two weeks of lockdown. The results yield majority of comments are in the Malay language and mix languages of English and Malay as a secondary type. Secondly, sentiment analysis showed that people have a positive reaction towards the frontliners and all efforts by the Ministry of Health towards fighting the pandemic. Many positive remarks are given in form of prayers, which is in line with the Islamic teaching of positive thinking and optimism, especially during crises. In conclusion, sentiment analysis is effective in producing useful insights about trends of COVID-19 discussion on social media, collecting public perception and feedback of COVID-19 efforts by the Government, and gives a different viewing angle of the current situation on the ground. These findings can be useful for health officials or the Government in developing communication mitigation plans or conduct extensive studies on pertaining issues within areas of concern.
Profesionales universitarios venezolanos que han emigrado y la pérdida del capital intelectual para el país
Authors: Ascanio Rengifo Rafi
Published: September 2021

El problema central del presente estudio, realizado durante el año 2019, es el análisis del proceso de migración masiva de profesionales universitarios hacia otros territorios del mundo, y con ello, la pérdida de capital intelectual; así como el impacto que esto genera en el desarrollo económico y social de Venezuela. Los paradigmas abordados fueron el cualitativo y cuantitativo, con una metodología mixta, bajo un tipo de estudio documental, de campo y explicativo, siendo la entrevista a expertos informantes, el análisis de documentos y el cuestionario online (de manera no probabilístico, a través del efecto bola de nieve), las técnicas de recolección de datos de utilidad para el estudio. Entre las conclusiones más relevantes destaca el que la incertidumbre en sus tres dimensiones (política, económica y social), ha sido la causa fundamental que motiva a los profesionales venezolanos a emigrar; que, de cambiar las circunstancias políticas, económicas y sociales de Venezuela, el 70,2% de la muestra consultada estaría dispuesta a regresar a su país. Los encuestados tienen formación académica desde técnico superior hasta postdoctorado y están ubicados en 30 países de cuatro continentes. Por otra parte, se percibe un manifiesto desinterés por parte del gobierno en procurar concertar con los sectores productivos del país y las academias, para abordar posturas encaminadas a reducir las causas que pudieran estar incidiendo en la migración y poder articular mecanismos que hagan posible, que ese capital intelectual, siga formando parte del desarrollo económico y social de Venezuela, aun estando fuera de su país.
Prevención de la difusión de fake news y bulos durante la pandemia de covid-19 en españa. De la penalización al impulso de la alfabetización informacional
Authors: Martínez-Sánchez Juan Antonio
Published: September 2021

La difusión de fake news y bulos durante la pandemia de COVID-19 se ha convertido en una grave amenaza para la salud de los ciudadanos que, en momentos de crisis sanitaria como el actual, necesitan disponer de información veraz y fiable. Ello justifica la necesidad de adoptar determinadas medidas al objeto de prevenir y combatir la difusión de información falsa. En este contexto de desinformación, el gobierno español ha planteado la posibilidad de monitorizar y penalizar la difusión de fakes y bulos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis crítico de la penalización como medida para combatir la difusión de fakes news y bulos durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Desde esta perspectiva, y como estrategia alternativa a la penalización se destaca la importancia de la alfabetización informacional como medio de formar consumidores de noticias críticos, bien informados y formados en el empleo de herramientas para verificar información y prevenir la propagación de noticias falsas. Penalizar la elaboración y difusión de noticias falsas es una medida polémica que entraña numerosos problemas desde un punto de vista ético, legal y, sobre todo, democrático. En la situación actual de crisis sanitaria resulta más eficaz concienciar a los ciudadanos sobre los riesgos que suponen las falsas noticias, enseñándoles a identificarlas y a evitar su difusión. Como estrategia para combatir la difusión de fakes y bulos, el fomento de la higiene informativa y la alfabetización informacional de la sociedad requieren de la participación y colaboración activa de los gobiernos, medios de comunicación y, sobre todo, de los ciudadanos.
MAKING OF D. TRUMP’S POLITICAL IMAGE BY THE US AUTHORITATIVE MEDIA SOURCES: TO THE QUESTION OF FORMULATION OF A TOOL
Authors: ШЕВЧЕНКО Е.С. , ПОПОВ С.И. , ШУЛЕНИНА Н.В.
Published: September 2021

Успешное развитие американской политической системы зависит от ряда имеющих принципиальное значение факторов: обеспечение внутриполитической стабильности, содействие согласованию позиций представителей политической элиты, преобладание комфортных условий для политического взаимодействия в конструктивном аспекте, повышение качества работы на мировой политической арене и др. В этом смысле политическая деятельность 45-го президента США продуцирует новые тенденции и смыслы, не всегда обладающие позитивным эффектом и способствующие повышению адаптивности политического режима, но при этом обусловливающие соответствующие политические трансформации. Одним из индикаторов наблюдаемых политических тенденций является конструирование политического образа Д. Трампа авторитетными американскими медиаисточниками в контексте формулирования и использования специфического инструментария. Автором выявлены аспекты оформления критики внутриполитической и внешнеполитической деятельности Д. Трампа со стороны авторитетных американских медиаисточников; представлены используемые авторитетными американскими медиаисточниками позитивные сюжеты внутренней и внешней политики Д. Трампа; определены концепты категориально-смыслового ядра конструирования политического образа Д. Трампа The Washington Post, The New York Times, CNN, Politico; сформулирован инструментарий конструирования политического образа Д. Трампа представленными американскими медиаисточниками.
Envy at Workplace: Examining its Sequential Effect on Cyberbullying, Organizational Politics and Job Satisfaction in University Teachers in Pakistan
Authors: Malik Sania Zahra , Malhi Jahanzaib Ismat
Published: September 2021

Academic jealousy and politics is a well-known concept. Similarly, envy is a common human behaviour, however, research on these concepts, particularly on envy and its types has remained limited until recently. Envy can trigger harmful behaviours, such as workplace bullying and escalate political activity, especially when the envious intends to damage the envied. This study analyses the effect of malicious envy on job satisfaction with mediation of cyber bullying and organizational politics. A survey study of 359 questionnaires filled by university teachers in Pakistan was conducted. Analysis was conducted using structural equations modelling through Smart-PLS. Construct validity and discriminant validity were established for all constructs. Mediation was analysed through process approach specified by Preacher and Hayes (2006). Findings revealed that malicious envy positively influenced cyberbullying behaviour and increased organizational politics. Results also demonstrated that malicious envy at workplace does not affect job satisfaction when observed independently, however when the mediators of cyberbullying and organizational politics are involved, the relationship between malicious envy and job satisfaction becomes positive. It means that persons having malicious envy feelings towards their colleagues felt satisfied by engaging in bullying and politicizing activities.

Keywords: Malicious envy, Cyber bullying, Organizational politics, Job satisfaction
ICT Professional Development Workshops and Classroom Implementation Challenges: Perceptions of Secondary School Teachers in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Warner Steve , Malik Muhammed , Mohammed Joanne
Published: September 2021

The Ministry of Education (MoE) of The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago has recently embarked on another teacher training program to equip secondary school teachers with the necessary competencies for ICT infusion in their physical classrooms. This study aims to investigate the impact and usefulness of that program, and challenges that the teachers have been facing in its implementation. Thirteen interviews (eight one-on-one and five focused group) were conducted from forty trained teachers. The findings showed that almost all the teachers were quite content and even ecstatic about the workshops and were willing to use the acquired knowledge and skills. Those who were able to use the knowledge and skills attained in the workshops reported improved students’ interest, classroom interaction, and academic performance. However, many expressed disappointments due to the multiple obstacles at their schools which prevented them from fully and effectively using the knowledge and skills from the workshops. They specifically reported insufficient number of computers, poor and inapt ICT environment and most importantly, unreliable internet access and connectivity. This study identifies three important elements in the successful implementation of any ICT in education program: willingness (mainly of administrators, teachers and students), training (especially for the teachers) and infrastructure (physical, hardware and software). Although, there was an overwhelming willingness from the teachers (even excitement) and adequate training, issues with infrastructure appear to be preventing the policy from yielding desired results. In order to ensure that the current policy brings the desired results, the MoE must not only provide effective professional development training for teachers, but also furnish schools with the necessary ICT resources and infrastructure. Only then, the MoE may revolutionize the education system through ICT.

Keywords: ICT in education, professional development, teacher training, 21st century skills, Trinidad
Variable-Temperature Noise Characterization of N-MOSFETs Using an In-Situ Broadband Amplifier
Authors: Ohmori Kenji , Amakawa Shuhei
Published: September 2021

Characterization of broadband noise of MOSFETs from room temperature down to 120 K in fine temperature steps is presented. A MOSFET is mounted on a reusable printed circuit board vehicle with a built-in low-noise amplifier, and the vehicle is loaded into a cryogenic chamber. The vehicle allows noise measurement in the frequency range from 50 kHz to 100 MHz. At low frequencies, it enables extraction of activation energies associated with electron trapping sites. At high frequencies, as has been suggested by noise figure measurements, the white noise of MOSFETs is shown to be dominated by the shot noise, which has much weaker temperature dependence than the thermal noise. The shot noise will be a problematic noise source in broadband RF CMOS circuits operating at cryogenic temperatures.
Principal’s Strategies in Realizing Adiwiyata School: A Literature Review
Authors: Wijayanti Andina , Hariri Hasan , Karwan Dedy Hermanto , Sowiyah Sowiyah
Published: September 2021

The importance of the principal's strategies in realizing adiwiyata school (also called green school) drawn the author's interest in conducting a literature review. Environmental thoughtfulness is a mutual awareness and responsibility for every human being. Efforts are required for human to realize environmentally-thoughtful behavior. In the world of education, environmentally thoughtful behavior is applied at the adiwiyata school which is an environmental-based educational institution. As the school's highest leader, the principal is expected to have a plan in place to carry out a program. The research method used is literature review. The goal of this literature review is to obtain a theoretical foundation that can be used to support problem solving in relation to the principal's strategies in realizing adiwiyata schools. The result of the study on the principal's strategies indicate that the principal's strategies have an impact on the program's succession. The principal is in charge of carrying out management functions such as planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling the program.
Application of Open Proportional System in Post Amendment Legislative Elections Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945
Authors: Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Chaidir Ellydar , Susilo Efendi Ibnu
Published: September 2021

This study aims to examine how the concept of the application of the Open Proportional System in the Legislative Elections After the Amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is applied. This study uses a normative juridical method based on primary and secondary legal materials. The form of the results of this research is descriptive analysis, where the results of the research provide an objective description of the concept of the application of the Open Proportional System in the Legislative Elections After the Amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The approaches in this study are: statute approach, and conceptual approach. In tracing legal materials, the author uses the Research library, and uses qualitative analysis. The results show that the application of the open proportional system in the legislative elections after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia varies, the 2004 election with a limited open proportional system using a BPP value of 100%, the 2009 and 2014 elections applying a pure open proportional system using the hare quota method and the 2019 election applying the system pure open proportional with sound conversion method using sainte lague system. The open proportional system is also able to present a variety of electoral winning parties.
The Effect of Environmental Uncertainty and Financial Distress on Tax Avoidance with Business Strategy as Moderating Variables
Authors: Nurdiana Rosalina
Published: September 2021

Tax avoidance is defined as one of the actions taken by taxpayers to reduce their tax burden legally. Tax avoidance is carried out by taking advantage of loopholes in the tax law that are not or have not been regulated, so that it is legal and does not violate the law. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of environmental uncertainty on tax avoidance, analyze the effect of financial distress on tax avoidance, analyze the moderating effect of business strategy on the effect of environmental uncertainty on tax avoidance and analyze the moderating effect of business strategy on the effect of financial distress on tax avoidance. This research method is a quantitative method using secondary data. The results of this study indicate that environmental uncertainty has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance, financial distress has no effect on tax avoidance, business strategies moderate the effect of environmental uncertainty on tax, avoidance, and business strategies cannot moderate the effect of financial distress on tax avoidance.
On the question of the structure of the legal ideal in modern conditions
Authors: Treushnikov I. , Gryaznova E.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this work is to analyze the ideas in the modern socio-humanitarian scientific literature about the structure of the legal ideal. In the course of the study, it was revealed that the legal ideal is mainly considered in the system of axiological culture. The authors propose to structure the legal ideal on the basis of the dialectic of the components of managerial activity. This approach allows us to see that the legal ideal is a dialectical unity of a legal subject, object, means, goals, result, etc. in the system of managerial activity. The desire of mankind to build an ideal society and state on the basis of the legal ideal is a consequence of the movement of man himself towards the ideal. However, real life shows that what is desired is at odds with reality. This discrepancy is natural, but it is measurable and predictable. The digital society poses serious obstacles and problems in the movement of a person to perfection, distorting the very meaning of the concept of “perfect person”. In order to anticipate possible negative distortions of the concept of a legal ideal, it is necessary to conduct systematic studies of its nature and patterns of development, which gives an idea of its structure.
The legal regulation of the activities of cooperative associations in Russia during the Soviet period (on the example of agricultural cooperation)
Authors: Novikova Yu
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the study of certain aspects of the transformation of cooperative legislation on the territory of our country in the period of the 20–80s of the last century, which regulated the emergence and development of various forms and types of elements of the cooperative movement in Russia at the stages of its formation, the transformation of cooperation during its almost complete nationalization and subsequent restoration as an independent economic entity based on the voluntary association of intellectual, physical and material resources of its members. As a result of the study of the legal regulation of public relations in the field of agricultural cooperation, the author identifies the prerequisites, chronological stages and consequences of fundamental changes in state policy in the field under consideration, which led to the transformation of the legal status of the majority of rural residents, the effectiveness or harmfulness of decisions taken in the practice of legal regulation of the studied sphere, as well as the significance of historical experience for the further development of cooperative legislation.
Peranan Matematika terhadap Kewirausahaan
Authors: Telaumbanua Yakin Niat
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan matematika terhadap kewirausahaan sehingga menjadi bekal dalam menjalani usaha. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan kepada Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Fakultas FPMIPA IKIP Gunungsitoli semester VII. Metode Penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode sampel purposif (purposive sample). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah matematika memiliki peranan yang besar terhadap kegiatan kewirausahaan, karena: 1) matematika dapat menumbuhkan kemauan yang kuat dalam menjalankan usaha, 2) dengan matematika seseorang mampu mengambil keputusan yang tepat dalam usahanya. 3) matematika memiliki seni kreatif yang mampu digunakan seseorang untuk berinovasi dan menciptakan kreativitas dalam usahanya sehingga tampak menarik. 4) ketekunan merupakan ciri yang dimiliki ketika belajar matematika yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam kegiatan kewirausahaan, 5) matematika mengandung etika yang dapat diterapkan dalam kewirausahaan, 6) matematika memiliki sifat open ended yang bisa diterapkan dalam usaha seperti melakukan perubahan terhadap strategi dan cara kerja untuk keberhasilan usaha yang dijalankan, matematika bisa membaca peluang usaha yang ada, sehingga peluang usaha yang ada tidak tersia-siakan.
The Introduction and Practice of Awarding Orders of the Soviet Republics During the Civil War (1917–1922)
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Shunyakov Dmitriy
Published: September 2021

This article analyses the military award practice in the Red Army during the Civil War. The author turned to archival materials, published data from official statistics, and scientific literature. The study is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, and systematic approach. In order to process quantitative data, statistical analysis was used to calculate the results obtained by means of continuous sampling. Due to the abolition of the pre-revolutionary award system, new awards had to be created in parallel with the formation of the Red Army. The first award established in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) was the Order of the Red Banner. Initially, it was awarded to individuals; over time it could also be re-awarded and presented to military units. Other Soviet republics – Ukrainian, Byelorussian, Armenian, Azerbaijan and Georgian – followed this example and established their own orders, which had much in common in terms of composition and meaning. The overwhelming majority of the awards presented during the Civil War were the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. To optimize the award process, military personnel were divided into four categories, one category being authorized to award another. The total number of awards was small, only about 0.001 % of military personnel were awarded this order. The most awarded were Red Army soldiers, while the most frequently re-awarded were the upper echelons of military power – unit and formation commanders. The dynamic and socially determined nature of the Civil War explains the prevailing number of awards presented to servicemen in cavalry, artillery and armoured forces. The largest number of awards was given in 1922. The results of the study allow us to draw a conclusion about the democratic nature of the award system during the Civil War in Russia, as well as about the high motivational effect of these awards.
The Functioning of the CAR Concept in Russian Radio Advertisements
Authors:   Armavir State Pedagogical University, Sudina Lyudmila
Published: September 2021

Advertising is known to successfully combine elite and popular culture. It reflects the attitudes and values characteristic of modern society as well as participates in the formation of new views, beliefs and priorities, thus indirectly controlling the recipients’ actions. Radio advertising is specific due to the absence of visual images. In this respect, the text itself and the images it generates in the minds of listeners acquire special significance. Information is provided to recipients through the system of expressive language means only, attracting the audience’s attention and forming certain values. This article aimed to reveal the specifics of the CAR concept in radio advertisements, which had not been sufficiently studied before. The research material included 800 spot commercials obtained by means of continuous sampling. The following words were selected: avtomobil’, avto, mashina, kar (‘car’), mark (‘brand’), model’nyj ryad (‘model range’). The conceptual analysis allowed the author to identify the main and additional semantic components of the concept under study as well as to describe its value components. The research showed that the CAR concept in radio advertisements is special in terms of its ability to generate new meanings that go far beyond the dictionary definitions of the lexeme car. Value dominants of the Russian linguistic worldview are transformed in radio advertisements to meet the needs of the audience.
Peculiarities of the Compositional Structure of the Text of the English-Language Academic Lecture
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Sukhomlinova Marina
Published: September 2021

The academic lecture is considered to be one of the basic genres of modern English-language academic discourse. The study of the compositional structure of the lecture text is extremely important, since a correctly arranged composition contributes to a better presentation of the topic by the lecturer and systemic learning of the material by the students. The purpose of this research was to identify the compositional features of the text of the English-language academic lecture. To achieve this goal, eight English-language lectures on the humanities were selected and carefully analysed. In the course of the analysis, phases of the lecture were singled out, the hierarchy of its elements was revealed, and the composition matrix of the lecture text was built. The main compositional elements of the lecture are as follows: the pre-text part (title complex), the text part (introduction, body, and conclusion) and the aftertext part (references and expression of gratitude for attention). As a result, the author proved that the lecture text has a matrix structure, whose elements are nonuniform, each being designed to perform its own specific function. The compositional-semantic structure of the lecture captures the movement from the “old” knowledge to the “new”. Further, English-language lectures demonstrate both strong and weak positions. This means that some elements in the text are more important than others. At the same time, the strong position does not have to be rigidly connected with the structure of the text. The following are regarded as strong positions: title of the lecture, names of its subsections, beginning and end of subsections, introductory and closing parts of the lecture, conclusions, semantic repetitions of key information, questions-and-answers part, and in-text references.
Social Memory in the Light of the Study of Information Space and Time
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Gazizov Rail’ , Kayumov Aydar ,   Moscow State Linguistic University
Published: September 2021

This article deals with the philosophical analysis of social memory in the conditions of the development of today’s information society. In the paper, the social and intellectual cross-sections of information space and time are investigated. These cross-sections are directly related to the analysis of society’s legal consciousness, which seems to, so to say, lag behind the reflections about information space and time. The authors note that social space and time are formed through achieving the unity of information space and time. This is largely facilitated by social memory, which in its essence is a culture, and culture is connected with self-awareness. Culture as memory – historical and moral, obtained through social practice – provides the practice of material and spiritual production. Social memory acts as a kind of qualitative indicator of the state of society and contributes to the transition of information into knowledge, whose elements are characterized by the intense nature of their interaction. This intensity is explained by the fact that knowledge, unlike information, stands guard over the past, protecting it from external attempts to present anything positive that had been as something that had never happened and make it disappear in the annals of time. Philosophy is related to the analysis of the ultimate grounds of information space and time, which increases the intensity of interaction between the elements of the social system. At the same time, social memory increases the degree of interaction between existing values. It should be noted that social memory is very important for further research on the functioning of information society. It is a prerequisite for social forecasting of the development of cultural and social relations. Social memory is a way of existence of knowledge as a form of realization of human creative potential.
Science and Technics on the Threshold of the Fourth Technological Revolution in Modern Technogenic Civilization
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Il’yanovich Ekaterina
Published: September 2021

The role of science and technics in the life of people and society was different in different periods of civilization’s development. This article examines the specificity and dynamics of science and technics as the most important social institutions of modern civilization, which in philosophy is usually called technogenic. The author analyses the role and degree of influence of science and technics on civilization’s development over several centuries, starting with the modern era. Particular attention is paid to scientific and industrial revolutions; their main results in the social and anthropological dimensions are discussed. Further, the sociocultural functions of science in technogenic civilization are described. It is emphasized that science is gradually becoming the activity and technological foundation for culture. In addition, the paper reveals the specifics of technics as the core of technogenic civilization. The results of the joint evolution of science and technics, which are embodied in the scientific and technological progress and scientific and technological revolution, make the author of this study reflect on the consequences of modern scientific and technological development in terms of major challenges and priorities. It is argued that the key trend of this civilizational process is the Fourth Industrial Revolution based on advanced cyber-physical technologies of Industry 4.0. Moreover, the article emphasizes the acuity, ambiguity, global nature and potential of the development of science, technics and technology in the dynamics of the transition to the next technological order. It is argued that the transformations inherent in the scientific and technological development are coming in the near future and will affect all spheres of human life and society at all levels. Thus, the author concludes that considering the role of science and technics in modern civilization from a philosophical perspective will have a growing worldview and prognostic value.
Landscape as a Category of Film Aesthetics: Key Approaches
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Nepsha Viktor
Published: September 2021

This article examines a variety of approaches to the concept of landscape in the philosophy of film in order to establish terminological accuracy and highlight problematic topics in conversations about space in film aesthetics in particular and to clarify the status and boundaries of the term landscape in philosophical use in general. Three groups of approaches to landscape in the philosophy of film were identified in the course of the study and analysis of literature on this issue: landscape as an auxiliary element for the director/crew/viewer (Béla Balázs, Susan Cathleen Gunn, Chris Lukinbeal, etc.); landscape as an autonomous category which is more than just an applied landscape/setting in the frame and which in its interaction with cinematography helps the latter to express its specific features to the fullest (Tom Gunning, Martin Lefebvre, Jean Epstein); single approaches failing to fit into the above categories, with the concept of landscape being subject to author’s specific interpretation (Giles Deleuze, Amy Lynn Corbin). The variety of related areas that had to be addressed in the course of this study (from sociology and politics to cultural geography and Deleuze’s concepts) gave rise to numerous interpretations of the term landscape, even within the framework of film aesthetics. The results of the research roughly outline the problem field on the one hand and indicate the need to continue working in this problem field on the other. One of the problematic issues is the traditional use of the term landscape, while the specificity of the autonomous landscape–cinema interaction requires a thorough study.
Aesthetic rehabilitation of dental apparatus by ceramic restorations zirconium supported – case presentation
Authors:   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, Dobrescu Anca Monica , Dobrescu Nicu ,   DPN Medical Group SRL, Comăneanu Raluca Monica ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, Ghergic Doina Lucia ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Introduction. In recent years, making prosthetic restorations with high aesthetics was a constant challenge to the dentist. New materials and technologies for obtaining fixed prosthetic rehabilitation without metal support make an important contribution in obtaining dental aesthetics. Case presentation. In this paper we present the case of a patient who requested recovery prosthetic treatment of maxillary region for aesthetic reasons. Conclusions. Using in the current dental practice of ceramic crowns on zirconium support was an important step for achieving superior esthetic restorations, much better integrated and highly tolerated by periodontal tissues. Today, patients are much better informed and asks for oral rehabilitation with modern materials with high bio compatibility and look as close to natural.
Diastema closure by veneering – case presentation
Authors:   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, Dobrescu Anca Monica , Dobrescu Nicu ,   DPN Medical Group SRL, Comăneanu Raluca Monica ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, Ghergic Doina Lucia ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Maxillary diastema has many causes and can receive more treatment options. This article presents the case of a patient who had undergone aesthetic diastema closing using ceramic veneers and also edentulous prosthesis for upper lateral incisor with a crown with aggregation represented by a mesio-palatal ceramic veneer.