bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lower Urinary Tract Functional Assessment of Men Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy: Correlation of Preoperative Clinical and Urodynamic Parameters
Authors: Walker Nicholas Faure , Canagasingham Ashan , Van Diepen Danielle , Pirpiris Athina , Tse Vincent , Leslie Scott , Thanigasalam Ruban , Chan Lewis
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To assess baseline clinical and urodynamic profiles of a contemporary cohort of men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) as part of the ROSE (Robotic and Open Surgery for Prostate Cancer: A Prospective, Multi-centre, Comparative Study of Functional and Oncological Outcomes) study.Methods: Men with localized prostate cancer undergoing RP were prospectively recruited to undergo clinical assessment and urodynamic testing prior to surgery as part of a clinical trial. The International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) was used to determine participants’ degree of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Results: Eighty-five men with a median age of 64.5 years and a median prostate-specific antigen level of 6.3 ng/mL were prospectively recruited. Of patients with complete baseline data, 36 (50.7%), 28 (39.4%), and 7 (9.9%) had mild (IPSS<8), moderate (IPSS 8–19), and severe (IPSS>20) LUTS, respectively. Obstruction was identified in 18 men (29.5%), and 9 (14.8%) showed detrusor underactivity. Of the 15 patients with detrusor overactivity, 12 (80%) reported overactive bladder (OAB). Of men with urodynamic obstruction, 5 (31.3%), 10 (62.5%), and 1 (6.3%) reported mild, moderate, and severe LUTS, respectively. Of men without OAB, 4 (11.8%, P=0.002) showed filling phase abnormalities, 13 (46.4%, P=0.611) had flow rates of <15 mL/sec, and 7 (30.4%, P=0.767) showed obstruction. Of men with mild or no LUTS, 5 (20%, P=0.072) showed obstruction and 4 (16%, P=0.524) showed poor contractility.Conclusion: LUTS and OAB were common in men with localized prostate cancer undergoing RP. Detrusor overactivity and urodynamic filling phase abnormalities were strongly correlated with OAB. IPSS did not show a strong correlation with bladder outflow obstruction or detrusor underactivity. Urodynamic filling abnormalities were found in 11.8% of men without OAB. Symptomatic and functional assessment may therefore have a role in the preoperative counselling of patients and possibly guide postoperative management of LUTS, especially if OAB is present.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Urethral Sphincter Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence due to Intrinsic Sphincter Deficiency: A Proof-of-Concept Clinical Trial
Authors: Jiang Yuang-Hong , Lee Ping-Jui , Kuo Hann-Chorng
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) due to intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) refractory to medical treatment.Methods: Thirty-five patients with SUI due to urodynamically proven ISD were prospectively enrolled. Five milliliters of PRP (2.5–5 times the platelet concentration in peripheral blood) was injected into the external sphincter at 5 sites; all patients received 4 injections at monthly intervals. The primary end-point was the change in SUI severity as assessed by a visual analogue scale (VAS of SUI). The secondary-endpoints were the Global Response Assessment score and changes in urodynamic parameters from baseline to 3 months after treatment.Results: The mean age of patients was 68.7±12 years; the median duration of SUI was 4 years. Five patients had neurogenic SUI, while 30 had nonneurogenic SUI (21 with postprostatectomy incontinence, 6 with previous radical cystectomy, and 3 with other etiologies). Complete dryness was achieved in 7 patients (20.0%) while moderate improvement was observed in 14 (40.0%). The mean VAS of SUI score decreased significantly from 6.57±1.89 to 3.77±2.41 after treatment. The abdominal leak point pressure (ALPP) increased significantly from 98.3±55.8 to 157.3±79.3 cm H2O. There was no increase of ALPP in neurogenic SUI and less increase of ALPP in patients with failed treatment outcomes. No perioperative adverse events or severe complications occurred.Conclusions: Urethral PRP injection is safe and effective in increasing urethral resistance and improving SUI. PRP could be an alternative treatment modality for male and female patients with moderate SUI due to nonneurogenic causes.
Approximation derived from a scalar exclusive particle associating with covert focus: The case of Hebrew be-sax ha-kol
Authors: Orenstein Dina , Greenberg Yael
Published: January 2021

We propose a unifying analysis of two readings – exclusive and approximative – of the Hebrew particle be-sax ha-kol, arguing that under both the particle is a scalar focus sensitive exclusive, expressing a positive and a negative inference, i.e. the truth of its prejacent and the exclusion of stronger focus alternatives, respectively. The difference between the readings is argued to derive from a minimal difference in the overtness vs. covertness of the focus associate of be-sax ha-kol: Whereas the exclusive reading is standardly derived by associating the particle with overt and prosodically marked material, the approximative reading results from its association with the covert pos modifier of gradable expressions, resulting in an “x is pos A, but not maximally A” inference.We show that this approximative reading is only licensed when the scale associated with the gradable expression is upper-bound, but the standard of comparison is not necessarily maximal, pace Kennedy & McNally (2005), and compare it with the effects of true approximators (like more or less). We also observe that relative to only and to the exclusive reading of be-sax ha-kol, the at-issueness status of the positive and negative components in the approximative reading is reversed, being at-issue vs. not-at-issue, respectively. We discuss this observation in light of claims about the mirror imaged status of components of only vs. p-exh in Bassi et al. (2019), and in light of theories arguing for the gradience of at-issueness status and its sensitivity to information structure (e.g. Abrusán 2011; Tonhauser et al. 2018).
The representation and processing of distributivity and collectivity: ambiguity vs. underspecification
Authors: Dotlačil Jakub , Brasoveanu Adrian
Published: January 2021

Sentences with plural expressions can receive at least two interpretations. For example, the sentence The boys hold a balloon could mean that the boys as a group jointly hold one balloon (the collective reading) or that each boy holds one balloon, which would imply that as many balloons were held as there are boys (the distributive reading). Building on Frazier et al. (1999), we show that the human processor favors collective readings. Crucially, the preference for collective readings is only observed when the distributive reading has to be established through the means of phrasal distributivity (e.g., triggered by distributive quantifiers), and the preference disappears in case of lexical distributivity (e.g., the distributive interpretation of win). The findings provide evidence for different mental representations of the two types of distributivity and shed light on why the processor exhibits a default preference for collective interpretations.
Niños orgullosos del colibrí, la muñeca tradicional y los caites. Propuestas didácticas para la enseñanza de la Antropología de la Educación
Authors: Teresa Costa Cecilia María
Published: January 2021

Desde las Universidades del Sur del mundo, es importante generar espacios para reflexionar sobre la didáctica en la educación superior, porque a partir de los contenidos que seleccionemos para nuestros cursos, de las lecturas que propongamos a nuestros estudiantes y de las actividades prácticas que desarrollemos con ellos, contribuiremos a formar los profesionales de mañana. Y un aspecto importante en su formación, es que se preparen a través de un paradigma humanista, descolonizado e intercultural. Descolonizar las ciencias sociales y latinoamericanizar los programas de asignaturas que impartimos en las Universidades de nuestra región es una tarea importante, en la cual todos deberíamos involucrarnos. Por todas estas razones, presentaremos un poco de la experiencia pedagógico-didáctica que hemos venido desarrollando en los últimos seis años, en el ámbito de la asignatura Antropología de la Educación, impartida en el Departamento de Antropología de la UNAN-Managua, Nicaragua. Al centro de esta experiencia de enseñanza y aprendizaje, está la relación entre educación y cultura, analizada a través del lente antropológico. Apuntamos a desenmascarar los mecanismos de colonización y re-colonización presentes en los procesos educativos, tanto en las familias, comunidades y en las escuelas. Realizamos ejercicios etnográficos para observar los entornos en los cuales crecen nuestros niños, reflexionamos sobre el currículo oculto y analizamos los efectos pedagógicos de la comercialización del mundo infantil. Finalmente, los estudiantes preparan un proyecto educativo con pertinencia cultural, dirigido a los niños nicaragüenses, para que los pequeños reconozcan las raíces ancestrales de su cultura y se sientan orgullosos del colibrí, la muñeca tradicional y los caites.
Comentario al libro PAPALINI, Vanina, editora 2019 La memoria entre la politica y la ética. Textos reunidos de Héctor Schmuder (1979-2015)
Authors: Rodríguez Castillo Luis
Published: January 2021

Permítaseme iniciar con una memoria personal. En febrero de 2007 conocí a una joven de origen chileno y nacionalizada sueca que, con una subvención del gobierno de este segundo país, pasaba por Chiapas, México para realizar un voluntariado. Un día, como cualquier otro, estuvo rebosante de felicidad: el nombre de su madre apareció en la lista de las «víctimas del Terror de Estado» del período de la dictadura. Era el culmen de una larga lucha de una familia que, desde diversas latitudes del mundo, se subsumían en la historia social y la memoria histórica de un período en que la única opción vigente para el régimen era la aniquilación del adversario político. Las preguntas son demasiadas, pero quizás de mayor importancia saber sí en el ejercicio de la memoria ¿Existe, en realidad, algún punto de llegada? La respuesta parece negativa, pues, en años recientes la Memoria Histórica ha vivido cierto resurgimiento político y académico. Desde luego coincido con Schmucler en cuanto a que en lo político «Una multiplicación fulgurante del uso de la palabra “memoria” estampada en acciones públicas […] se trata de un simulacro» (pp. 431). En lo académico pondero esa importancia en la reciente publicación, además de la selección y edición de Papalini a los trabajos de Héctor «Toto» Schmucler, de cinco libros más sobre ese eje desde diferentes latitudes de Latinoamérica de Soriano (2019), Casaús (2019), Lara (2018), La Casa de Todas y Todos (2018) y Arfuch (2018).
Quality of life in patients with mild acute brain injury and their carers’ needs in Greece
Authors: Stasinopoulou Evgenia , Giannakopoulou Margarita , Fildisis Georgios , Kalafati Maria , Leomonidou Chryssoula
Published: January 2021

Background: Investigating quality of life (QoL) is of crucial importance for the scientific community as it could function not only as an indicator of prognosis and post-traumatic clinical and psychological changes in patients who have suffered from acute brain injury (ABI), but also as an indicator of the effectiveness of their treatment and social rehabilitation. In addition, it can highlight changes in the carer’s health, social life and well-being. This study examined the QoL of patients following ABI and the needs of their carers.Material and methodology: This study was conducted in patients suffering from ABI, who were admitted to the General Hospital of Attica “KAT” and to the National Rehabilitation Center and on their carers. Data collection including demographics and Quality of Life After Brain Injury Questionnaire (QOLIBRI) and the Family Needs Questionnaire (FNQ) was performed during patients’ rehabilitation, while six months after release, a follow-up survey was conducted using the same questionnaires. Statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS.Results: We analysed 50 patients with mild ABI (GCS ≥ of 13/15) during rehabilitation and six months after release and found that their QoL improves and is positively related to improvement of health status (i.e. in terms of thinking ability, QoL improves from r = 2.33, p < .01 to r = 3.37, p < .001). We also found that “Age” has the greatest impact on the patient’s progress for recovery and the general QoL after ABI (r = -0.423, p < .01). In addition, it was found that carers of patients with ABI are confronted with the burden of care, while they record both fulfilled and unmet needs regarding their individual needs (i.e. only for 30% of the sample the need for help in preparing them for the worst is met).Conclusions: Our study confirms previous findings that underline that ABI has a major impact on QoL of both patients and their carers providing them with long-term daily care. Although it has been found that over time there is an improvement in the QoL of patients with ABI, the absence of an official support network for carers from public health system, hospitals and rehabilitation centers may adversely affect the QoL of patients and their carers. Therefore, more structured, long-term family-wide monitoring and support is needed, focusing on identifying those at risk of social isolation and incomplete social networking.
Lessons Learned from a Fulminant Case of Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome: Past Medical History Misleads the Diagnosis and Intra-Arterial Milrinone Offers Diagnostic Utility
Authors: Alapatt Paul J , Panwar Ajay , Kuruttukulam Gigy Varkey , Sundar Kaushik
Published: January 2021

A 34-year-old post-partum female having dermatomyositis developed headache and became comatose after a seizure episode. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain showed a massive left ganglio-capsular bleed for which decompressive surgery was done. Computed tomographic angiography showed multiple foci of narrowing and irregularities in distal cerebral vessels. In view of dermatomyositis, the diagnosis of vasculitis was considered and pulse therapy of intravenous methylprednisolone was started. The patient, however, showed no improvement and developed new brain infarcts. She was subsequently taken up for a diagnostic cerebral angiography which showed multifocal severe narrowing in bilateral major cerebral arteries. These angiographic abnormalities showed excellent reversibility to intra-arterial milrinone and hence, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) was diagnosed. Normal angiographic findings in the first week do not rule out the disease and a repeat angiography should be considered if the clinical suspicion of the RCVS is high. Intra-arterial milrinone has a high diagnostic utility.
Phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Diodia sarmentosa swartz leaves
Authors: Chinedu Okoroafor Henry , Emenike Awagu Fidelis , Augusta Azeke Ehijie
Published: January 2021

This research studied proximate, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Diodia sarmentosa leaves. The ethanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves significantly inhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPHo) radical formation with IC50 values of 10.994 and 10.121 μg/mL respectively, compared to the ascorbic acid standard (IC50 value = 17.916 μg/mL).The aqueous extract exhibited more inhibitory effect on thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) with IC50 values of 2.657 μg/mL while the ethanol extract had an IC50 value of 8.53 μg/mL compared to butylated hydroxytoluene standard (IC50 = 2.142 μg/mL). For the total antioxidant capacity assay, the aqueous extract had higher ascorbic acid equivalent values than the ethanol extract. However, the two solvent extracts showed antioxidant activity. Diodia sarmentosa leaves possess useful phytochemicals which are indicative of its antioxidant properties.
The assessment of phagocytic and bactericidal activity of platelets and plasma bactericidal activity in late preterm newborns*
Authors: Wasiluk Alicja , Kicel-Wesolowska Barbara , Milewski Robert , Matowicka-Karna Joanna
Published: January 2021

Background

The aim of the study was to compare the phagocytic and bactericidal properties of blood platelets and the plasma bactericidal activity in 66 late preterm (LPN) and 74 full-term newborns (FTN).

Materials/Methods

Blood samples were collected from the umbilical artery. Bacteria of the Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P were used for the tests.

Results

Platelet counts in LPN vs FTN were the following: 225 vs 258.5 (×103/μL), p = 0.003. The percentage of phagocytic platelets was the following: Me = 1.1 in LTN vs Me = 1.1 in FTN. The phagocytic index was the following: Me = 1 for both LPN and FTN. The phagocytic properties of platelets increased as the birth weight increased. The bactericidal activity of platelets was the following: Me = 0; (average = 0.7) in LPN vs Me = 0; (average = 0.8) in FTN. The median plasma bactericidal activity in LPN was 41.6 vs 43.8, in FTN, p = 0.027. The bactericidal capacity of plasma increased with increasing fetal age and birth weight of newborns. sP-selectin was: 63.9 ng/ml in LPN vs 71 ng/ml in FTN, p = 0.026. IL-6 in LPN was 3.6 vs 3.9 (pg/ml) in FTN, p = 0.02.

Conclusion

Late preterm newborns have lower defensive capacity against infection than full-term newborns, due to lower platelets count, lower plasma bactericidal activity and lower sP-selectin concentration, which cooperates with neutrophils, monocytes in fighting against infection. All newborns had similar phagocytic and bactericidal properties of platelets.
Two Conceptions of Omissions
Authors: Zhou Z. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2021

Conceptions of omissions standardly come in two flavours: omissions are construed either as mere absences of actions or are closely related to paradigmatic ‘positive’ actions. This paper shows how the semantics of the verb ‘to omit’ constitutes strong evidence against the view of omissions as involving actions. Specifically, by drawing from an influential fourfold typology of verbal predicates popularised by Zeno Vendler, I argue that declarative statements involving reference to omissions are semantically stative, which is a finding that makes serious trouble for the conception of omissions as being closely related to paradigmatic actions. But references to omissions, in certain linguistic contexts, undergo a shift of meaning to describe processes or activities engaged in by the agent. Still, despite the semantic flexibility of the verb ‘to omit’, its processive reading does not straightforwardly support the second conception of omissions. A subsidiary aim of this paper is to offer a sketch of the metaphysics of processive action in order to show what those who claim that omissions are closely related to actions might be committed to.
Schopenhauer em Signos: maquinismo e livre-arbítrio no magnetismo do amor
Authors: Neves Roberto da França
Published: January 2021

A publicação de Signos (1897), de Nestor Victor, é um marco na expansão conceitual do Simbolismo no Brasil e nas reflexões acerca dos problemas da civilização no fim de século. Verifica-se nos seus contos a presença do heterodiscurso, sendo fundamental a voz de Arthur Schopenhauer, tendo como referência a sua obra Metafísica do Amor. Por outro lado, o narrador desenvolverá uma voz que se oporá ao maquinismo do amor, a essa determinação dos sentimentos pelo dever biológico. No universo de Signos, levando-se em conta a grande verdade sobre a natureza, revelada pelo filósofo, os casais não mais se encontrarão, uma vez que a paixão se esgota no tédio por causa da violência do instinto.
Socio-demographic characteristics of postpartum women on family planning and population policy measures in the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Marinković Draško , Perić-Romić Ranka , Petrašević Aleksandra , Perendija Vladimir , Majić Aleksandar
Published: January 2021

The study focuses on the socio-demographic analysis of postpartum women's perception of family planning and population policy measures in the Republic of Srpska. The demographic method, the structured analysis and the statistical processing of data obtained from a questionnaire conducted with a representative sample of surveys were performed for the purpose of the research. The main hypothesis is grounded on current tendencies of insufficient number of births, negative birth rates, population aging and the widespread single life in the Republic of Srpska. In this regard, it is essential to reflect on the fertile potential of postpartum women, their model of reproductive behavior and attitude towards family planning and current population policy measures. The analysis of postpartum women's perception confirmed the hypothesis that there was a necessity for additional verification of prenatal population policy measures in the Republic of Srpska as most surveys expressed desire to have more children. The obtained results may be considered valid for adopting policies and recommendations with an aim to conduct prenatal measures within the population policy in the Republic of Srpska.
Organic agricultural production in the function of sustainable development of the municipality of Štrpce
Authors: Mladenović Maja , Bojičić Radica
Published: January 2021

Due to favourable natural conditions, the inhabitants of the municipality of Štrpce were engaged in agriculture, livestock breeding and fruit growing for decades. Although to a lesser extent, interest in agriculture is still present today, with slight variations in the type of crops being grown. In recent years, there has been an expansion of raspberry growing and beekeeping, segments that have proven to be extremely profitable. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of agriculture in the overall sustainable economic development of the municipality of Štrpce and inhabitants individually. Based on the field research, the authors will suggest improvement of this industry, especially in the field of organic production. If the predictions are true, this will be crucial for the existence and well-being of people in this region.
Renewable energy projects assessment using economic criteria
Authors: Stojčetović Bojan , Marković Sanja , Bogdanović Dejan
Published: January 2021

Unstable electricity supply is a major challenge for Kosovo* and especially for Serb-majority communities. Renewable energy may represent one of the possible solutions to improve the energy security of those areas. Therefore, the municipality of Štrpce was selected as the research area of the paper, and it is located in the south of Kosovo* . However, renewable energy potentials have not been sufficiently explored and specific projects are not proposed. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to define renewable energy projects. Based on renewable energy potential and electricity consumption in Štrpce, a set of 8 renewable energy potential projects has been defined using Homer pro software. However, the problem that arises is the choice of an adequate alternative on the basis of economic criteria. Six criteria were selected for the evaluation of renewable energy projects. To assess criteria analytical hierarchy process is employed. The highest priority was given to the criterion energy sold (0.280) while the top-ranked project is refer to installation of photovoltaic panels in households to cover 50% of energy needs while the rest is taken from the grid (0.222). In future research, in addition to used economic criteria, other groups of criteria such as technical, environmental and socio-political should be analyzed.
Sodium chloride and nitrite contents in canned meat in pieces from the Serbian market
Authors: Peulić Tatjana , Ikonić Predrag , Jokanović Marija , Delić Jovana , Gubić Jasmina , Škaljac Snežana , Mastilović Jasna
Published: January 2021

Canned meat in pieces (CM) is a group of meat products widely consumed by children and consumers with special diet regimes, due to high protein and low fat content. In this study safety of these products regarding sodium chloride and nitrite contents was examined in total of 19 meat samples produced by 14 most represented meat processors on Serbian market. The statement about high protein and low fat content in CM for products from the Serbian market was confirmed. The products made from chicken meat ("Pileća prsa", protein 12.4 to 17.4 g/100 g; fat 0.92 to 3.84 g/100 g) had higher protein and lower fat content that the products made from pork ("Pizza šunka", protein 11.5 to 14.3 g/100 g; fat 4.61 to 14.4 g/100 g). In the group "Pileća prsa" 90.91% of samples had sodium chloride content below 1.5 g/100 g, while in the group "Pizza šunka", 75% of samples had sodium chloride content lower than 1.5 g/100g. Residual nitrite content in product "Pileća prsa" ranged from 0.62 to 20.7 mg/kg and in product "Pizza šunka" this content ranged from 3.27 to 19.2 mg/kg. These results indicate that all analysed samples were below the required limits of nitrite content. According to the results obtained in this study, children and consumers with special diet regimes are free to consume Serbian meat products in the type of CM considering the contents of protein and fat, as well as sodium chloride and nitrite residue.
Tolerance of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria to different processing conditions in vitro
Authors: Grujović Mirjana , Mladenović Katarina , Čomić Ljiljana
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the effect of different temperatures, pH, and NaCl concentration on the growth of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditionally made Serbian cheese (Sokobanja area) was investigated by using the spectrophotometric method. Growth of tested Lactobacillus (Lb. fermentum, Lb. plantarum, and Lb. brevis) and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis five isolates were better in acidic pH, while the growth of Enterococcus isolates (E. durans, E. faecium, and E. faecalis) was better in basic pH, at 37 °C. At 4 °C after 24 h, none of the tested bacteria showed growth. Since the autochthonous isolates were tolerant to a tested range of dairy processing conditions, further studies need to include the characterization of enzymatic activity of selected isolates, as well as the ability to use these isolates like starter cultures or food supplements in dairy or non-dairy products.
Factors affecting the frequency of consumption of domestic and foreign fast food brands
Authors: Tomašević Dragana , Radnović Branislav , Gašević Dragana
Published: January 2021

The rapid pace of life in recent years has led to an increase in the consumption of fast-food in all age and social groups, and in this regard to an increase in the number of newly opened fast-food restaurants. Previously conducted research work in this field has shown that various factors influence an individual's decision (not) to consume fast-food, and the following five factors have stood out: convenience, brand reputation, quality, consistency and cost. Therefore, the aim of this research was identifying the key factors that influence the frequency of consumption of domestic and foreign fast-food brands. The sample included 146 subjects of different gender, age, qualifications, and employment status. The preliminary online research was carried out using the anonymous three-section questionnaire. Based on the data obtained through ordinal logical regression, the primary hypothesis was confirmed, as it was found that there was a statistically significant factor in the frequency of fast-food consumption, that factor being a convenience. It has been confirmed that convenience factor implies utility and time saving, the possibility of easy access to fast-food, almost 24 h working hours of fast-food restaurants and their relative proximity to the respondents. From the market point of view, a significant research result is that respondents gave preference to domestic versus foreign fast-food brands.
Efficiency investigation of the use of pyrophyllite in ensiling maize plant
Authors: Adamović Milan , Stojanović Mirjana , Harbinja Muhamed , Maslovarić Marijana , Bočarov-Stančić Aleksandra , Pezo Lato
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the results of testing the effect of pyrophyllite shale (pyrophyllite) on the quality of maize plant silage, primarily on the production of organic acids, pH value, quality assessment and microbiological safety. The ensiling was done in plastic containers which allowed the storage of 10 kg of chopped green mass. Tested pyrophyllite doses were: 0% in the control treatment (I), 0.5 and 1.0% in experimental treatments (II and III, respectively). Granulated pyrophyllite (100 µm), originating from Parsovići, Konjic site, AD Harbi Ltd., Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, was manually incorporated. The chopped green mass of the maize plant came from FAO 600 hybrids. The green mass containing 37.17% of dry matter (final waxy ripening phase) was compressed in the same manner in all three treatments during the filling of the vessels. The containers were then covered with nylon foil (0.2 mm) above which a layer of fine sand (approx. 5 cm) was placed in toward the silage protection from air passage. The silages were opened after 7 weeks and organoleptic, chemical and microbiological analyses were performed. The organoleptic properties of silages (colour and odour) were better in silages containing 0.5 and 1.0% pyrophyllite. The silage temperature at the moment of opening of the containers was lower in the treatments with 0.5 and 1.0% added pyrophyllite (13.7 and 13.2 °C, respectively) while in the control treatment it was 14.6 °C. The addition of pyrophyllite to silage affected the production of volatile fatty acids (p ≤ 0.05). The highest amount of lactic acid was found in the silage sample without the addition of pyrophyllite, and acetic acid in the silage treated with 0.5 and 1.0% of pyrophyllite. The lowest amount of butyric acid was determined in the silage with the addition of 1% pyrophyllite. Based on the content and interrelationship of lactic, acetic and butyric acid, as well as the pH values, all three silages were rated as the highest (I) class. The number of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, as well as the number of yeasts, was lower in the silages with the addition of 0.5 and 1.0% pyrophyllite. In future, particular attention should be paid on the possibility of pyrophyllite enrichment (e.g. with nitrogen) and more appropriate physical formulation (e.g. granules) that would allow more efficient practical application.
Transmedia literacy in the service of cultural development
Authors: Arsenijević Jasmina , Milojević Ana
Published: January 2021

This paper considers changes caused by new technologies that enable an increasing participation of average Internet users in the field of cultural production. From the perspective of pyramidal participation, different forms of achieving user participation in culture are presented, according to the level of freedom they achieve, that is the structure of the relationships in participation. The main argument of the paper is that development of culture can be accelerated by increasing participation in cultural production. Accordingly, a link between participation pyramid and the competencies related to transmedia literacy is made, in order to point out the potential that transmedia literacy can have for enriching global culture.
Media text as an interpreter and a critic of reality: Media representation of the coronavirus pandemic 2020
Authors: Bastašić Tijana , Ivanišević-Paunović Jelena , Stanisavljević Katarina
Published: January 2021

In March 2020, a state of emergency was declared worldwide as a result of the rapid spread of COVID-19. In Serbia, this led to strict preventive measures (curfew). In Sweden, such measures were not taken, but the system relied on personal responsibility of each individual, instead. In emergency situations, the media gain great importance as a source of information, and as such have the ability to alleviate or worsen the insecurity that the public feels, which can further contribute to the moral panic. In order to determine the potential of electronic media for informing citizens and encouraging critical thinking (during an emergency situation), we have explored rhetorical strategies and their potential for affirming the pluralism of views. The subject of research were broadcasting practices of three TV stations: two public media services (Radio Television of Serbia and Swedish Television) and one cable TV from Serbia (N1). By method of content analysis, we have come to a conclusion that all three media provided viewers with comprehensive, coherent and verified information. During the analysed period, the media in Serbia almost doubled the duration of their news programs, which gives an impression of non-selectivity and a desire to prove maximum coverage on all topics. On the other hand, SVT was consistent in the duration and scope of news programs. The way in which events were presented was mainly characterized by objectivity, although the Serbian public service also displayed a tendency towards intimidation. The biggest differences were noticed in terms of pluralism of views, since it was much more present in the programs of the Swedish public service and cable television (N1) than in the Serbian public service television programs. One of the rhetoric specifics in the way how N1 was presenting the news is discrediting the current political leadership and the decisions they have made.
'Sonderkommando' photographs as a disobedient act of seeing
Authors: Velinov Marija
Published: January 2021

In his book Images in Spite of All: Four Photographs from Auschwitz, Didi-Huberman indicates that the four photographs in question were taken as a counterweight or in spite of something. They show the activities of the Sonderkommando, whose task was to escort other Jews into gas chambers, as well as to dispose and burn the corpses that were left behind. In the dual role of the victim and the perpetrator, members of this unit, in spite of the ban and the danger they were in, had created four photographs showing their own activities inside the camp. Throughout the work, different modes of being in spite of characteristic of the aforementioned photographs are separated and explained with regard to whether they relate to the need for, production or reception of photographs. They were created in spite of, but also based on, the inconceivability of the situation they portray (photographs as evidence), in spite of the prohibition of photographs (obstacle in production) and in spite of the representational framework or representability of humans obstacle in reception. Inconceivability brings us to the notions of evidence, truth, but also power, representability, prohibition and rules. Based on the representability of the photographs and the notion of cultural memory, we considered the possibilities of the photographs representing Judith Butler's disobedient act of seeing. It will be shown that an emergence in spite of as Didi-Huberman would say, or a disobedient act of seeing in Judith Butler's words, is readable more through the way the images are made, than through what they depict. Unlike the usual "allowed" war photographs, they are specific proofs of the prohibition against which they are made.
Talkable things: The work of art and the aesthetized objects
Authors: Radojčić Saša
Published: January 2021

One of today's most influential definitions of the concept of the work of art comes from the American philosopher and art critic Arthur Danto. Danto says, in order to be a work of art, an artefact must (1) be about something and (2) embody its meaning. Many authors have criticized this definition, one of those being Noël Carroll, who gives examples of objects that are not works of art but meet the requirements of Danto's definition. One possible answer to this criticism is offered in this essay. It offers an understanding of the objects from Carroll's examples (and similar objects) as aesthetized, i.e. specifically shaped to partially cause an aesthetic reaction. Taking this into account, the entire area of human productivity is shown as a continuum within which some objects carry "more" or "less" aesthetic quality.
Does cultural participation make us happier? Favorite leisure activities and happiness in a representative sample of the Serbian population
Authors: Jokić Biljana , Purić Danka
Published: January 2021

Research on the contribution of leisure activities in general and specifically cultural participation to personal wellbeing represents a relatively new and promising line of research. Results, however, are mixed - partly due to various definitions and measures of key variables, as well as their complexity and many confounding variables. This research was conducted on a sample representative for the general population of Serbia (N=1521). As potential predictors of wellbeing, we investigated a number of socio-demographic variables (gender, age, education level, employment status, financial status), subjective health status, and a list of leisure activities selected based on past research from leisure and cultural participation paradigms. A principal component analysis revealed six latent dimensions of leisure activities that were labeled as: 1) cultural participation (in a strict sense), 2) movies & entertainment, 3) folk & family, 4) outdoor activities, 5) sport, 6) e-books & e-news. A stepwise linear regression showed that subjective happiness was best predicted by a higher subjective health status, higher financial status, and higher education level, while from the domain of leisure activities, significant positive predictors were 'folk & family', 'outdoor activities', and 'cultural participation' components. Results are discussed in light of the complexity of examined phenomena, as well as practical implications for policy decision making.
Julija: New variety of wheat
Authors: Mandić Dragan , Pržulj Novo , Đurašinović Goran , Jovović Zoran
Published: January 2021

Julija is a high-yielding, medium-early, quality variety of winter wheat, created by the method of hybridization of two genetically divergent parents, homozygous lines Sery 13/2, and BL 24/38. In the genetic structure of this variety, the genes responsible for high genetic potential of fertility, very good technological quality, early maturity, low winter hardiness, excellent resistance to lodging, low temperatures and diseases have been successfully combined. It was recognized and registered by the Commission for the Recognition of Varieties of the Republic of Serbia in 2020. It has wide adaptability and yield stability, which allows successful cultivation in different climatic and soil conditions and at different levels of cultural practices. The cultivar Julija achieved an average yield of 8.38 t ha-1 in both years of testing and in all localities, and the cultivar Standard Ranesansa yielded 7.83 tha-1 and the cultivar standard Ns 40-S 8.19 tha-1. It has a high level of drought tolerance. Based on the indicators of technological quality, it is classified in the I technological group.
The role of maize hybrids in current trends of bioethanol production
Authors: Nikolić Valentina , Žilić Slađana , Radosavljević Milica , Simić Marijana
Published: January 2021

Bioethanol is a biofuel that is mostly used as a replacement for fossil fuels worldwide with yearly production reaching nearly 110 billion liters in 2019. Trends of producing this alternative fuel are rising and maize is considered as one of the best renewable raw materials for the production of fuel ethanol due to the high content of starch in the grain. Taking into account that Serbia is one of the most prominent maize producers in Europe, the surpluses of this crop could be directed towards bioethanol production. Even though there is no organized production and consumption of bioethanol as an automotive fuel in Serbia, the Serbian Government has recently introduced some new regulations regarding biofuels. However, due to the reduction of economic activities since the onset of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the global demand for crude oil has fallen sharply, negatively affecting the gasoline demand, and thus for bioethanol, which makes the future of this alternative fuel production notably uncertain.
Detection of cyber-attacks in systems with distributed control based on support vector regression
Authors: Nedeljković Dušan , Jakovljević Živana , Miljković Zoran , Pajić Miroslav
Published: January 2021

Concept of Industry 4.0 and implementation of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet of Things (IoT) in industrial plants are changing the way we manufacture. Introduction of industrial IoT leads to ubiquitous communication (usually wireless) between devices in industrial control systems, thus introducing numerous security concerns and opening up wide space for potential malicious threats and attacks. As a consequence of various cyber-attacks, fatal failures can occur on system parts or the system as a whole. Therefore, security mechanisms must be developed to provide sufficient resilience to cyber-attacks and keep the system safe and protected. In this paper we present a method for detection of attacks on sensor signals, based on e insensitive support vector regression (e-SVR). The method is implemented on publicly available data obtained from Secure Water Treatment (SWaT) testbed as well as on a real-world continuous time controlled electro-pneumatic positioning system. In both cases, the method successfully detected all considered attacks (without false positives).
The measurement of the economic, social and environmental impact of Peer to Peer online platforms: The case of collaborative consumption
Authors: Gordo López Ángel , De Rivera Javier , Cassidy Paul R.
Published: January 2021

Over the last decade, the rise of peer-to-peer online markets has become a major sociocultural and economic phenomena and been described as a collaborative or sharing economy. However, understanding their impact has been mired in controversy and disagreement. Proponents of the sharing economy hail its potential to be a panacea for many of the world’s problems, but more critical perspectives point to research that undermines these claims. The rapid growth of this type of activity has placed public administrators in particular under pressure to develop appropriate policy and regulation. However, policy development is severely hindered by a lack of data and suitable measurement techniques. Work to develop appropriate data measurement tends to focus on economic measurement at the expense of social and environmental impact. This research paper seeks to contribute to understanding this problem area by taking a comprehensive triple impact perspective (economic, social and environmental) of the object of study. Employing a Delphi technique, the research developed forty-seven impact indicators across the three areas of measurement.A lo largo de la última década, el crecimiento de las plataformas de intercambio entre iguales, descritas como economía colaborativa, representó un de los fenónenos económicos y socio-culturales más importantes. Los defensores de la economía colaborativa resaltan su potencial para convertirse en la panacea de los grandes problemas mundiales, mientras que las perspectivas críticas apuntan a investigaciones que contradicen estas ideas. El rápido crecimiento de este tipo de actividad ha puesto a la administración pública bajo la presión de tener que desarrollar medidas de regulación adecuadas. Sin embargo, el desarrollo de regulación en este sentido adolece gravemente de la falta de datos y de técnicas adecuadas para medir el impacto. Los intentos por medir este impacto están por lo general concentrads en producir indicadores económicos, a expensas de la medición del impacto social y medioambiental. Esta investigación trata de contribuir a esta cuestión desde una perspectiva holística que estudia el triple impacto (económico, social y medioambiental) de este objeto de estudio. Recurriendo a un estudio Delphi esta investigación ha desarrollado 47 indicadores de impacto en estas tres aéreas de medición.
La Lógica contemporánea en sus manuales. 1940-1980
Authors: Alonso Enrique , Aranda Víctor
Published: January 2021

En este estudio analizamos dos tendencias claramente distintas y contrapuestas en la forma de impartir cursos elementales de Lógica en la formación superior. Para este propósito, se ha seleccionado una muestra de manuales angloamericanos clásicos, así como otra más pequeña de la tradición iberoamericana para comprobar nuestras hipótesis. Los estilos identificados y analizados en dichos manuales son lo que hemos denominado lógica matemática y lógica para filósofos. En ambos casos se trata de tendencias muy generales reconocibles en las más diversas tradiciones locales. El periodo analizado, 1940-1980, responde al proceso de introducción de la Lógica contemporánea en el ámbito académico occidental.
Los conceptos de herencia y de variación hereditaria
Authors: Caponi Gustavo
Published: January 2021

La idea de herencia extendida se ha transformado en un leitmotiv de lo que se ha dado en llamar ‘síntesis extendida’. Dicha idea, entretanto, lleva a ignorar una de las marcas distintivas de lo que clásicamente se ha entendido por transmisión hereditaria: su estrecha asociación con el proceso de reproducción. Sin considerar tal asociación, la noción de herencia, más que ampliarse, de hecho se disuelve; y aceptar esa disolución acarrearía demasiadas dificultades para el discurso de las ciencias biológicas. Una de esas dificultades tiene que ver con el concepto de variación hereditaria. Con la disolución de la noción de herencia, ese concepto también se disolvería; y, sin éste, la Teoría de la Selección Natural no puede articularse. Pero, no habiendo motivos valederos para aceptar semejante costo teórico, aquí quiero mostrar que ambos conceptos, el de herencia y el de variación hereditaria, pueden y deben ser elucidados sin aceptar la idea de herencia ampliada.
Reflexiones sobre la vida y el ser vivo
Authors: Galera Gómez Andrés
Published: January 2021

En términos evolutivos, la vida es, simplemente, una manifestación particular de la materia expresada en forma de organismos variantes durante una secuencia temporal inmemorial. El ser vivo la representa y continúa desde aquel pasado remoto hacia un futuro ignorado. El conjunto se denomina naturaleza. Frente a la vida, la muerte constituye una etapa necesaria para que el proceso biológico siga su curso expresando nuevas formas y aconteceres. En este contexto, avanzamos una reflexión que busca dar sentido al concepto de individuo como manifestación real de la vida frente al valor colectivo de una naturaleza abstracta.