bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lung Function Impairment in Construction Workers – Influence of Smoking and Exposure Duration
Authors: Stoleski Sasho , Minov Jordan , Mijakoski Dragan , Bislimovska Dragana , Atanasovska Aneta , Karadzinska-Bislimovska Jovanka
Published: June 2021

AIM: The objective of the study was to assess the influence of exposure duration and smoking on ventilatory impairment among construction workers. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed, including 83 construction workers aged 18–64 years, compared to equivalent number of office controls matched by age, workplace exposure duration, and smoking status. Data on chronic respiratory symptoms, work history, and smoking status were collected by standardized questionnaire, while lung functional testing of the examined subjects was performed by spirometry. RESULTS: Mean values of spirometric parameters were lower in construction workers compared to controls with statistical significance registered for maximal expiratory flow (MEF25), MEF50, and MEF75. Lung functions of construction workers have been found to decrease in relation to exposure duration but reached significance only for small airways changes. There was a significant difference in detected ventilatory impairment between exposed workers and controls for any type of ventilatory impairment, as well as obstructive and combined ventilatory pattern and obstructive ventilatory pattern in small airways. Obstructive ventilatory impairment was significantly associated with life-time smoking in construction workers, while obstructive ventilatory pattern in small airways was significantly associated with life-time smoking. The combined effect of daily smoking, life-time smoking, and number of cigarettes smoked daily was shown to have a significant influence in their development. The risk for obstructive ventilatory pattern in small airways among exposed subjects was about 4 fold higher in those exposed more than 20 years (odds ratio [OR] = 3.68 [1.01–14.59] confidence interval [CI] 95%), and about 2.5 fold higher in smokers (OR = 2.57 [0.92-7.25] CI 95%). Exposure duration, smoking and age had independent effect only on small airways changes and force expiratory volume in the 1st s/force vital capacity %. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest the importance of the joint effect of job exposure in construction and daily smoking on the development of lung function impairment and airflow limitation, being dominant, especially on small airways.
Specific and Sensitive Nutrition Interventions with Nutritional Status of Toddlers as Prevention of Stunting in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Sigi District, Indonesia
Authors: Candriasih Putu , Ndama Metrys , Pont Anna Veronica
Published: June 2021

Objective: The research objectives were to determine the specific and sensitive intervention model in stunting prevention efforts in the COVID 19 pandemic. Also, to determine the relationship between specific and sensitive interventions on children's nutritional status under five in the COVID-19 pandemic in Stunting Locus Village. Method: This type of research was an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The population and sample in this study were 35 families with stunting children under five. This study used the chi-square test (p-value <α = 0.05) with SPSS computer software. Results: Nutritional status based on the body-weight/age index, 63% was very underweight and underweight. Based on body-height/age, 28.6% was stunted. Based on body-weight/body-height, 17.1% was severe malnutrition and 40.0 % was malnutrition. The results of the bivariate analysis for specific nutrition interventions with body-weight/age showed p = 0.98, body-weight/age had p = 0.668, body-height/age had p = 0.968, which indicated no significant relationship. Conclusions: Sensitive nutrition intervention showed no relationship between sensitive intervention and children's nutritional status under five
Differentiation of the frog sculpin Myoxocephalus stelleri Tilesius, 1811 (Actinopterygii, Cottidae) based on mtDNA and karyotype analyses
Authors: Moreva Irina N. , Radchenko Olga A. , Petrovskaya Anna V.
Published: June 2021

A molecular genetic and karyological study of the frog sculpin Myoxocephalus stelleri Tilesius, 1811 was carried out on an extensive sample from a large area of the species’ range. A total of 42 specimens was sampled from the Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, and coastal waters off the southern Kuril Islands, which makes this sampling scheme the most comprehensive to date. The level of mtDNA polymorphism was found to be low. The haplotypes of the species formed three phylogenetic groups. The unique M. stelleri haplotype from the coast of Shikotan Island linked all the studied groups, indicating that it is likely ancestral. Robertsonian polymorphism was identified in the species. In all five cytotypes (I – 2n = 44, II – 2n = 43, III – 2n = 42, IV – 2n = 41, V – 2n = 40; NF = 44+2) were identified, all of which were present in the Sea of Japan. Only one (cytotype I) was found in the Sea of Okhotsk, which is probably the closest to the ancestral karyotype. The significant chromosomal polymorphism and the presence of common haplotypes in the studied samples indicate their recent origin from a common ancestor and/or relatively recent contacts within the range. The discrepancies between mtDNA and karyotypes in assigning the ancestral M. stelleri to the coastal waters off Shikotan Island (southern Kuril Islands) and the Sea of Okhotsk, respectively, can be explained by the different inheritance mechanisms and the rates of evolution of molecular genetic and karyological traits.
Zoos consenting to the illegal wildlife trade – the earless monitor lizard as a case study
Authors: Nijman Vincent
Published: June 2021

The illegal wildlife trade has direct relevance for zoo management, animal acquisition and disposition and it has no place in modern zoo management. Zoos must not only act within the law of the country in which it is based, but they should also follow the rules and intentions of international trade regulations and, where relevant, domestic laws of the animal’s country of origin. After its rediscovery in 2012, zoos in Asia and Europe started displaying Bornean earless monitor lizards (Lanthanotus borneensis), the ‘Holy Grail of Herpetology’. Earless monitor lizards have been legally protected in each of its three range countries for over four decades and, over this period, no specimen has ever been legally exported. However, the illicit trade in the species is thriving and individuals become more affordable. Using publicly available data, I present a timeline of how and from where a total of 16 zoos acquired their earless monitor lizards, including from private individuals and non-accredited zoos. Apart from one zoo in Japan (since 2012) and one zoo in the USA (since 2021), all non-range country zoos that currently display the species are based in Europe. Their absence prior to 2021 in US zoos (despite an increasing illegal trade) could be explained as the acquisition of earless monitor lizards would have been in violation of the Lacey Act (1900) that requires buyers to ensure that imported or purchased wildlife has not been taken in violation of any foreign law. While there is no evidence that any of the zoos, their directors or their staff have broken any laws – no-one in the zoo community has been convicted for illegally trading earless monitor lizards – with more zoos speaking out against the illegal wildlife trade, it is imperative that zoos behave in an exemplary manner and set high standards. At present, some zoos do not meet this standard.
Drawing the Excalibur bug from the stone: adding credibility to the double-edged sword hypothesis of coreid evolution (Hemiptera, Coreidae)
Authors: Cumming Royce T. , Tirant Stephane Le
Published: June 2021

A new genus and species of exaggerated antennae Coreidae is described from Myanmar amber of the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian stage). Ferriantenna excaliburgen. et sp. nov. appears related to another Cretaceous coreid with exaggerated antennae, Magnusantenna Du & Chen, 2021, but can be differentiated by the fourth antennal segment which is short and paddle-like, the undulating shape of the pronotum and mesonotum, and the shorter and thicker legs. The new coreid, with elaborately formed antennae and simple hind legs instead of the typical extant coreid morphology with simple antennae and elaborately formed hind legs, begs the question: why were the elaborate features of the antennae lost in favor of ornate hind legs? Features that are large and showy are at higher risk of being attacked by predators or stuck in a poor molt and subjected to autotomy and are therefore lost at a higher rate than simple appendages. We hypothesize that because elaborate antennae play an additional significant sensory role compared to elaborate hind legs, that evolutionarily it is more costly to have elaborate antennae versus elaborate hind legs. Thus, through the millenia, as coreid evolution experimented with elaborate/ornate features, those on the antennae were likely selected against in favor of ornate hind legs.
Toi et moi. Les racines de la relation
Authors: Lo Re Emanuela
Published: June 2021

L’article montre comment l’art théâtral peut se révéler une méthode utile et efficace dans la formation à la relation dans le soin et le conseil. L’auteure considère la pédagogie par le corps comme une théorie qui souligne l’importance de l’expérience corporelle dans la formation aux relations. Elle montre comment à travers la formation théâtrale, certains aspects théoriques de l’Analyse Transactionnelle peuvent être « rendus vivants », enseignés et appris. Elle donne également quelques indications méthodologiques pour guider le formateur dans le choix de propositions théâtrales à offrir à ceux qui participent à l’activité de formation consacrée à la relation, et qui favorisent le processus de restitution du sens de ce qui se passe pendant l’expérience.
Le corps apprenant et la matérialité des choses : une recherche par le corps sur l’acte de design
Authors: Monvoisin Céline
Published: June 2021

Dans le contexte de l’ère anthropocène, les préoccupations du design s’élargissent et complexifient son action. Elles repensent de fait les compétences et les connaissances nécessaires aux futurs designers. L’évolution pédagogique du design voit ainsi les approches expérientielles et matérielles de plus en plus présentes en conception, à travers la valorisation des étapes de transformation amenant à l’artefact. Au-delà des moyens et des stratégies pédagogiques mises en place, cet article ambitionne de regarder de plus près ce que le vécu et les modalités du corps qui apprend, dans toutes ses dimensions, peuvent nous dire sur l’acte de design et son enseignement. Cette compréhension par le vivant, en interaction avec son milieu éducatif, convoque sa corporalité, ses processus d’incorporation et de singularisation, en jeu dans le devenir-designer. Une recherche sur le corps qui apprend le design aujourd’hui semble propice pour saisir la réactualisation de la pratique face aux nouveaux enjeux de la culture matérielle.
Interpretación de San Jorge y el Dragón. Una obra olvidada de Joaquín Sorolla en el castillo de Soutomaior
Authors: Piay Augusto Diego
Published: June 2021

Durante la realización de una investigación sobre el Castillo de Soutomaior (Pontevedra) se descubrieron algunas fotografías de un fresco pintado en una de las paredes interiores de la antigua fortaleza, en el cual se representa la leyenda de San Jorge y el Dragón. El presente trabajo ofrece los resultados obtenidos tras indagar sobre esta obra desaparecida, argumentando que su autor principal fue el pintor valenciano Joaquín Sorolla.
Investigation of the Effect of Abutment Angle Tolerance on the Stress Created in the Fixture and Screw in Dental Implants Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Mohammadi Bijan , Abdoli Zahra , Anbarzadeh Ehsan
Published: June 2021

Today, an artificial tooth root called a dental implant is used to replace lost tooth function. Treatment with dental implants is considered an effective and safe method. However, in some cases, the use of dental implants had some failures. The success of dental implants is influenced by several biomechanical factors such as loading type, used material properties, shape and geometry of implants, quality and quantity of bone around implants, surgical method, lack of rapid and proper implant surface's integration with the jaw bone, etc. The main purpose of functional design is to investigate and control the stress distribution on dental implants to optimize their performance. Finite element analysis allows researchers to predict the stress distribution in the bone implant without the risk and cost of implant placement. In this study, the stresses created in the 3A.P.H.5 dental implant's titanium fixture and screw due to the change in abutment angles tolerance have been investigated. The results show that although the fixture and the screw's load and conditions are the same in different cases, the change of the abutment angle and the change in the stress amount also made a difference in the location of maximum stress. The 21-degree abutment puts the fixture in a more critical condition and increases the chance of early plasticization compared to other states. The results also showed that increasing the abutment angle to 24 degrees reduces the stress in the screw, but decreasing the angle to 21 degrees leads to increased screw stress and brings it closer to the fracture.
Fabrication of LiFePO4-Based Composite Cathode Deposited on LLTO Li-Ion Conducting Solid Electrolyte via Slurry Coating and Hot-Pressing
Authors: Palomares Jan Carlo , Mora Mercy Jane , Cervera Rinlee Butch
Published: June 2021

LiFePO4 (LFPO)-based composite cathode was deposited on Li0.35La0.55TiO3 (LLTO) solid electrolyte via slurry coating method. A composite cathode comprising of LiFePO4, LLTO, and carbon black (CB) were mixed together in a slurry and deposited on a dense LLTO pellet substrate. The effects of heat treatment temperature and hot-pressing in the structure and densification of the deposited composite cathode were investigated. Cathode component precursors were analyzed for its particle size distribution using particle size analyzer and revealed a bimodal particle size distribution for each component materials. Structural characterization using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that distinct XRD peaks were observed which can be attributed to LFPO and LLTO for the deposited as-dried and heat treated (450 °C ) composite cathodes. Surface and cross-sectional SEM images revealed that hot-pressing provided denser morphology with smaller thickness as compared to the just as-dried and heat treated samples without the application of temperature with pressure.
An Investigation in Wear and Friction of Oil Seal for Rubbing by Flame-Sprayed Alloy and Ceramic on Lower Carbon Steel
Authors: Huang Chao Ping , Hu Sheng Yen , Li Tung Ying , Kang Yuan
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the effect of sprayed coating on the surface of carbon steel on friction and abrasion properties of oil seals which are rubbed by various anti-wear coating materials on is investigated experimentally, and compared with the uncoated AISI 52100 bearing steel. We used the block vs ring tester to explore the friction coefficient of hard surface friction of 5 commonly used rubber seal to 4 different coating layers of bearing steel under oil/no oil conditions. Four coating materials are used, which are Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy, Ni-Cr-WC alloy, ceramics, and ceramics. Five varieties of the oil seal material named HNBR, NBR, FKM, ACM, and SIL are subjected to wear tests for the measurements of friction and abrasion. The experimental results show that HNBR has better wear resistance and less friction, ceramics have higher friction and wear resistance than other coatings due to higher hardness. In terms of oil seal and sprayed coating, Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy and ceramic powder are more suitable for surface wear resistance, because of its hardness and wear resistance and the degree of damage to the oil seal are more excellent. Generally, the greater the wear resistance of the oil seal material, the greater its friction with the coating.
Super Sites for Advancing Understanding of the Oceanic and Atmospheric Boundary Layers
Authors: Clayson Carol Anne , Centurioni Luca , Cronin Meghan F. , Edson James , Gille Sarah , Muller-Karger Frank , Parfitt Rhys , Riihimaki Laura D. , Smith Shawn R. , Swart Sebastiaan , Vandemark Douglas , Bôas Ana Beatriz Villas , Zappa Christopher J. , Zhang Dongxiao
Published: June 2021

Abstract Air‐sea interactions are critical to large-scale weather and climate predictions because of the ocean's ability to absorb excess atmospheric heat and carbon and regulate exchanges of momentum, water vapor, and other greenhouse gases. These exchanges are controlled
by molecular, turbulent, and wave-driven processes in the atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers. Improved understanding and representation of these processes in models are key for increasing Earth system prediction skill, particularly for subseasonal to decadal time scales. Our understanding
and ability to model these processes within this coupled system is presently inadequate due in large part to a lack of data: contemporaneous long-term observations from the top of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) to the base of the oceanic mixing layer.We propose the concept
of “Super Sites” to provide multi-year suites of measurements at specific locations to simultaneously characterize physical and biogeochemical processes within the coupled boundary layers at high spatial and temporal resolution. Measurements will be made from floating platforms,
buoys, towers, and autonomous vehicles, utilizing both in-situ and remote sensors. The engineering challenges and level of coordination, integration, and interoperability required to develop these coupled ocean‐atmosphere Super Sites place them in an “Ocean Shot” class.
Ecological Forecasts for a Rapidly Changing Coastal Ocean
Authors: Canonico Gabrielle , Anderson Clarissa , McCammon Molly , Newton Jan , Quintrell Josie
Published: June 2021

Abstract The U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) has a vision to provide ecological forecasts that inform response to multiple stressors in the face of rapid changes in our ocean and Great Lakes. IOOS supports 11 nationally distributed Regional Associations, each
with established ties to local decision makers and regional coastal scientists. IOOS also supports thematic networks of platforms and observations to characterize and monitor marine ecosystems and living resources throughout the nation. IOOS serves as the U.S. contribution to the Global Ocean
Observing System. This infrastructure, stakeholder engagement, and local-to-global reach uniquely positions IOOS to advance development of an ecological forecast system, across sectors and disciplines, that is responsive and effective.
Envisioning a Global Multi-Purpose Ocean Acoustic Network
Authors: Miksis-Olds Jennifer L. , Rehm Eric , Howe Bruce M. , Worcester Peter F. , Haralabus Georgios , Sagen Hanne
Published: June 2021

Abstract Due to the efficient propagation of sound in water, sound in the deep ocean propagates such great distances that soundscapes are influenced not only by local conditions but also by distant sound sources. Ocean Sound is now an Essential Ocean Variable within the Global
Ocean Observing System making passive acoustic monitoring routine. Active acoustic probing of the environment informs us about ocean topography, currents and temperature, and abundance and type of marine life vital to fisheries and biodiversity related interests.Efficient sound propagation
is the foundation of a proposed multipurpose acoustic network. Judiciously placed low-frequency acoustic sources transmitting to globally distributed passive acoustic systems provide: (1) high temporal resolution measurements of large-scale ocean temperature/heat content variability using
tomography; and (2) underwater geo-positioning (UW-GPS) and communication services enabling basin-scale underwater operation of floats, gliders, and AUVs. Every platform (fixed or moving) equipped with a hydrophone becomes a “GPS” receiver, while listening to the ocean soundscape.
The combined active and passive acoustic technology will lead to multi-disciplinary discovery and improved understanding of ocean ecosystem health and biodiversity, climate variability and change, marine hazards, and maritime safety. The same system will improve the operation of gliders, floats
and AUVs.
COVERAGE: Next Generation Data Service Infrastructure for a Digitally Integrated Ocean Observing System in Support of Marine Science and Ecosystem-Based Management
Authors: Tsontos Vardis M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Ocean science and decision support applications increasingly rely on the synergistic, interdisciplinary use of multivariate data from distributed agency repositories. While more available, the growing variety and volume of ocean observing data combined with the heterogeneous
modalities of access continue to pose a challenge to broadscale uptake. This limits the effective utilization of costly investments in sustained ocean observation by an increasing diversity of user communities with a need for such environmental information on the oceans for the assessment
of climate change and other ecosystem impacts. Leveraging an advanced cloud technology stack and an ongoing multi-agency pilot effort being spearheaded by NASA, the CEOS Ocean Variables Enabling Research and Applications for GEO (COVERAGE) initiative seeks to collaboratively develop the next
generation data service infrastructure for a more digitally integrated ocean observing system in support of marine science and ecosystem-based management. In particular, we envisage the implementation of a data services layer atop of existing agency repositories to provide more harmonized
access to satellite, in-situ, and model data across a fragmented ocean data landscape with a set of value-added services that include integrated data search, visualization, and analytics. Here we outline the motivation and importance of this effort plus efforts thus far towards the collective
realization of this ambitious vision.
SMART Subsea Cables for Observing the Ocean and Earth
Authors: Howe Bruce M. , Barnes Christopher R. , Meldrum Davie T.
Published: June 2021

Abstract The Joint Task Force (JTF) for Science Monitoring And Reliable Telecommunications (SMART) Subsea Cables will facilitate integration of sensors into commercial submarine telecommunications cables for climate monitoring and disaster
warning. Our vision is a planetary scale array monitoring ocean heat and circulation and sea-level rise and revolutionizing real-time warning systems for earthquake and tsunami disaster mitigation. This is enabled by the trans-ocean cable infrastructure linking society together: 1.4 million
km of cable, 20,000 repeaters every 70 km hosting the sensors, constantly being refreshed over 10‐25 years, without interfering with telecom. Initial sensors are ocean bottom temperature, pressure and seismic acceleration. System suppliers are on board, the first major SMART project
is funded and underway in Portugal (2020), and seven others are in various stages of planning and funding—a perfect example of the Blue Economy in action for the UN Decade.JTF will provide coordination between ocean science, operational oceanography, hazard early warning centers,
industry, and relevant government agencies. SMART cables will create profound opportunities for innovation—requiring people with appropriate depth and breadth of expertise. JTF will facilitate SMART cable projects that will catalyze and include education, training, and outreach programs
to build necessary capacity
Periglacial landforms of the Grays Bay Road corridor region, Nunavut, and implications for climate-resilient infrastructure
Authors: Morse P D , Smith S L , Parker R
J
Published: June 2021

Knowledge of permafrost conditions is required to develop climate-resilient northern infrastructure and to identify potential geohazards. Where present, permafrost constitutes a landscape foundation. Its stability and integrity are controlled by ground
temperatures, surficial and bedrock materials, and ice contents, which are, in turn, a function of landscape history. The effects of permafrost thaw include decreased load bearing capacity, ground surface settlement, and increased transport of sediment and water (melted ice). In rapidly changing
northern climates, these adjustments to thaw can be major geohazards for northern infrastructure, but with differential effects due to the often-heterogeneous distribution of surficial materials. Development of climate-resilient northern infrastructure can benefit from a holistic landsystem
approach, which attempts to understand how a landscape was formed by investigating the collection of landforms and sediments within it. Our research considers paraglacial and paraperiglacial landform-sediment assemblages (not landforms or sediments in isolation) that constitute the landscape of
northern Slave Geological Province and attempts to link them to the processes that formed them. The goal is to enable inferences on past and future landscape evolution supported by process-form models established from contemporary examples, in a region where very little is known about permafrost
conditions. Here we present newly mapped landform-sediment assemblages, and patterns in their spatial distribution, for 72% of the 1600 km2 area that is within 5 km of the proposed Grays Bay Road corridor. In combination with sparse sedimentological and cryostratigraphic records, we develop a
set of preliminary process-form models. One notable landform-sediment assemblage is glaciofluvial deposits over massive ice, dissected by ice-wedge polygons. Exhibiting long-term creep, this assemblage likely has the highest potential for thermal adjustment, and represents a substantial potential
geohazard in this region that needs to be considered in planning climate-resilient infrastructure.
Comparison of Oxidant Stress Levels among Healthy, Chronic Periodontitis, and Ischemic Heart Disease Subjects with Presence or Absence of Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Pampani Priyanka , Shenoy Santhosh , Punj Anahita , Kamath Vinayak B
Published: June 2021

Objective:

To investigate the total oxidant levels in healthy, chronic periodontitis (CP), and ischemic heart disease (IHD) and to check for any correlation among them.

Materials and Methods:

A sample of 80 were split into four groups of healthy subjects (Group I), CP subjects (Group II), IHD subjects (Group III), and IHD subjects having periodontitis (Group IV). The serum and saliva samples collected were analyzed for levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (OH-), nitric oxide (NO), and superoxide radical (O2
-).

Results:

There were significant (P < 0.05) variances in the mean serum and salivary levels of hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, NO, and superoxide within the 4 groups. Oxidant levels of both serum and saliva were lower in disease groups of Group II, III, and IV as compared to healthy controls, with different patterns.

Conclusion:

The oxidant levels (H2O2, OH-, NO, and O2
-) are significantly hampered in periodontitis and IHD subjects as compared to healthy subjects. The oxidants, whether serum or salivary, did not always show the proportional change as a result of change in oxidant stress due to disease as positive correlation was observed only in the serum H2O2 and salivary NO radical levels and between serum superoxide dismutase radical and salivary H2O2 in Group I. In Group III, there was a positive correlation between serum NO radical and salivary H2O2.
Bone Regeneration in an Extreme Dental Clinical Condition
Authors: Vergara-Hernández Clara I. , Martínez-Martínez Adel A. , Díaz-Caballero Antonio J.
Published: June 2021

Here, the authors present the clinical case of a 45-year-old woman with a diagnosis of a chronic periodontal abscess of the tooth #8. After atraumatic dental extraction and bone regeneration with the use of platelet-rich fibrin and bone graft, the area showed excellent bone regeneration with adequate stability of the soft tissue, even 4 months after the surgery.
Treatment Effect of Combined Surgical Maxillary Expansion and Mandibular Setback in Skeletal Class III
Authors: Pradhan Tejashri , Gowda Ajith R. , Jayade Vijay , Gopalkrishnan K. , Patil Anand K.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this case report is to describe and discuss a combined surgical and orthodontic technique for the management of transverse maxillary deficiency and mandibular prognathism in the treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion in a mature patient. Skeletal Class III malocclusion can present with maxillary deficiency or retrognathism, mandibular excess or prognathism, or a combination. The maxillary arch is narrow and often requires expansion. A 25-year-old patient presented with a constricted maxilla, a skeletal Class III malocclusion with a large mandible, Angle's Class III malocclusion, retroclined lower incisors, proclined upper incisors, crowding of maxillary and mandibular teeth, and bilateral posterior crossbite. The case report shows that an adult patient with Class III malocclusion (constricted maxilla and large mandible) can be treated with rapid maxillary expansion accompanied by bilateral maxillary osteotomies, followed by a reduction bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO). As the patient was 25 years old with a bilateral crossbite, a surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion procedure was performed. As the diastema space was available at the end of expansion, it proved to be beneficial for the presurgical decompensation of Class III, thus creating a negative overjet, followed by which a BSSO setback was done.
Predictable Treatment of Gingival Recession Using Titanium Prepared Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Combination with Coronally Advanced Flap
Authors: Gummaluri Shiva Shankar , Bhattacharya Hirak S , Kumar Geetika , Chaudhary Bharti , Karthikeyan S S Sai
Published: June 2021

Treatment for receding gums is always a challenging task for a periodontist. To fulfill this, many surgical techniques such as free gingival grafts, connective tissue grafts, pedicle flaps, and lateral sliding flaps have been used. For better prevention of relapse of these procedures and to improve the gingival biotype, various biomaterials such as platelet-rich fibrin, collagen matrix, and amnion chorion membranes have been additionally utilized. Due to advancements in preparation of platelet concentrates titanium platelet-rich fibrin, a third-generation platelet concentrate was introduced. Unlike other biomaterials, it has thicker fibrin meshwork with greater cellular entrapment and thicker membrane. Present case reports depict the usage of titanium platelet-rich fibrin as a biomaterial along with coronally advanced flap in the treatment of millers Class-I gingival recessions. Patients were followed up to 6 months after performing recession coverage treatments.
“Crawling Attachment” during Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics Procedure
Authors: Ferreira Cimara Fortes , Wong David , Binkley Lesley H.
Published: June 2021

The present clinical case reports an increased zone of keratinized gingiva that was generated following surgical excision of the gingiva during periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics. The present case consists of angle Class I with mal-aligned teeth and impacted #11. The patient was evaluated up to 2 years and 1 month (2.1) showing a stable increased zone of keratinized tissue. Possible causes for this event are discussed in this case report. Additional long-term clinical studies are necessary to support these results.
Blow up dynamics for the hyperbolic vanishing mean curvature flow of surfaces asymptotic to the Simons cone
Authors: Bahouri Hajer , Marachli Alaa , Perelman Galina
Published: June 2021

In this article, we establish the existence of a family of hypersurfaces

(\Gamma(t))_{0< t \leq T}

that evolve by the vanishing mean curvature flow in Minkowski space and that, as

t

tends to

0

, blow up towards a hypersurface that behaves like the Simons cone both near the origin and at infinity. This issue amounts to singularity formation for a second-order quasilinear wave equation. Our constructive approach consists in proving the existence of finite-time blow up solutions of this hyperbolic equation of the form

u(t,x) \sim t^ {\nu+1} Q( {x} / {t^ {\nu+1}})

, where

Q

is a stationary solution and

\nu

an arbitrarily large positive irrational number. Our approach roughly follows that of Krieger, Schlag and Tataru [22–24]. However, in contrast to these works, the equation to be handled in this article is quasilinear. This brings about a number of difficulties to overcome.
Historical Analysis of the Risk of Hepatitis E and Its Complications in Pregnant Women in Nepal, 1996–1998
Authors: Scott Robert McNair , Kmush Brittany L. , Norkye Kundu , Hada Meera , Shrestha Mrigendra Prasad , Vaughn David W. , Myint Khin Saw Aye , Endy Timothy P. , Shrestha Sanjaya K. , Innis Bruce L.
Published: June 2021

Hepatitis E (HE) during pregnancy can be fatal; there are no prospective risk estimates for HE and its complications during pregnancy. We followed 2,404 pregnant women for HE and pregnancy outcomes from 1996 to 1998. Subjects from Nepal were enrolled at an antenatal clinic with pregnancy of ≤ 24 weeks. Most women (65.1%) were anti-HE virus negative. There were 16 cases of HE (6.7 per 1,000); three mothers died (18.8%) having had intrauterine fetal death (IUFD). Thirteen mothers survived: five preterm and seven full-term deliveries, one IUFD. HE among seronegative women was the sole cause of maternal death and increased the risk of IUFD (relative risk [RR]: 10.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.29–26.3) and preterm delivery (RR: 17.1, 95% CI 7.56–38.5). HE vaccination of females in at-risk regions before or as they attain reproductive age would reduce their risk for preterm delivery, IUFD, and maternal death.
Stratifying Sepsis in Uganda Using Rapid Pathogen Diagnostics and Clinical Data: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cummings Matthew J. , Bakamutumaho Barnabas , Owor Nicholas , Kayiwa John , Namulondo Joyce , Byaruhanga Timothy , Muwanga Moses , Nsereko Christopher , Baldwin Matthew R. , Lutwama Julius J. , O’Donnell Max R.
Published: June 2021

The global burden of sepsis is concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, where extensive pathogen diversity and limited laboratory capacity challenge targeted antimicrobial management of life-threatening infections. In this context, established and emerging rapid pathogen diagnostics may stratify sepsis patients into subgroups with prognostic and therapeutic relevance. In a prospective cohort of adults (age ≥18 years) hospitalized with suspected sepsis in Uganda, we stratified patients using rapid diagnostics for HIV, tuberculosis (TB), malaria, and influenza, and compared clinical characteristics and 30-day outcomes across these pathogen-driven subgroups. From April 2017 to August 2019, 301 adults were enrolled (median age, 32 years [interquartile range, 26–42 years]; female, n = 178 [59%]). A total of 157 patients (53%) were HIV infected. Sixty-one patients (20%) tested positive for malaria, 52 (17%), for TB (including 49 of 157 [31%] HIV-infected patients), and 17 (6%), for influenza. Co-infection was identified in 33 (11%) patients. The frequency of multi-organ failure, including shock and acute respiratory failure, was greatest among patients with HIV-associated TB. Mortality at 30 days was 19% among patients with malaria, 40% among patients with HIV-associated TB, 32% among HIV-infected patients without microbiological evidence of TB, 6% among patients with influenza, and 11% among patients without a pathogen identified. Despite improvements in anti-retroviral delivery, the burden of sepsis in Uganda remains concentrated among young, HIV-infected adults, with a high incidence of severe HIV-associated TB. In parallel with improvements in acute-care capacity, use of rapid pathogen diagnostics may enhance triage and antimicrobial management during emergency care for sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa, and could be used to enrich study populations when trialing pathogen-specific treatment strategies in the region.
US Primary Care vs Specialty Care Trainee Positions and Physician Incomes: Trends From 2001 to 2019
Authors: Royce Trevor J. , Jones Gavin P. , Muralidhar Vinayak , Chowdhary Mudit , Holmes George M.
Published: June 2021

Background

Much of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and subsequent US health care policies were designed to address deficiencies in health care access and enhance primary care services. How residency positions and physician incomes have changed in the post-ACA era is not well characterized.

Objective

We evaluated the growth of US trainee positions and physician income, in the pre- vs post-ACA environment by specialty and among primary care vs specialty care.

Methods

Total resident complement by specialty and year was extracted from the National Graduate Medical Education (GME) Census and stratified into primary care vs specialty care. Median incomes were extracted from Medical Group Management Association surveys. Piecewise linear regression with interaction terms (pre-ACA, 2001–2010, vs post-ACA, 2011–2019) assessed growth rate by specialty and growth rate differences between primary care and specialty care. Sensitivity analyses were performed by focusing on family medicine and excluding additional GME positions contributed by the introduction of the 2015 single GME accreditation system.

Results

Resident complements increased for primary care (+0.16%/year pre-ACA to +2.06%/year post-ACA, P < .001) and specialty care (+1.49%/year to +2.07%/year, P = .005). Specialty care growth outpaced primary care pre-ACA (P < .001) but not post-ACA (P = .10). Family medicine had the largest increase in the pre- vs post-ACA era (-0.77%/year vs +2.09%/year, P < .001). Excluding positions contributed by the single GME accreditation system transition did not result in any statistically significant changes to the findings. Income growth increased for primary care (+0.84%/year to +1.37%/year, P = .044), but decreased for specialty care (+1.44%/year to +0.49%/year, P = .011). Specialty care income growth outpaced primary care pre-ACA (P < .001), but not post-ACA (P = .22).

Conclusions

We found significant growth differences in resident complement and income among primary care versus specialty care in the pre-/post-ACA eras.
Peer Discussion Decreases Practice Intensity and Increases Certainty in Clinical Decision-Making Among Internal Medicine Residents
Authors: Etherington Neha Bansal , Clancy Caitlin , Jones R. Benson , Dine C. Jessica , Diemer Gretchen
Published: June 2021

Background

Team-based decision-making has been shown to reduce diagnostic error, increase clinical certainty, and decrease adverse events.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the effect of peer discussion on resident practice intensity (PI) and clinical certainty (CC).

Methods

A vignette-based instrument was adapted to measure PI, defined as the likelihood of ordering additional diagnostic tests, consultations or empiric treatment, and CC. Internal medicine residents at 7 programs in the Philadelphia area from April 2018 to June 2019 were eligible for inclusion in the study. Participants formed groups and completed each item of the instrument individually and as a group with time for peer discussion in between individual and group responses. Predicted group PI and CC scores were compared with measured group PI and CC scores, respectively, using paired t testing.

Results

Sixty-nine groups participated in the study (response rate 34%, average group size 2.88). The measured group PI score (2.29, SD = 0.23) was significantly lower than the predicted group PI score (2.33, SD = 0.22) with a mean difference of 0.04 (SD = 0.10; 95% CI 0.02–0.07; P = .0002). The measured group CC score (0.493, SD = 0.164) was significantly higher than the predicted group CC score (0.475, SD = 0.136) with a mean difference of 0.018 (SD = 0.073; 95% CI 0.0006–0.0356; P = .022).

Conclusions

In this multicenter study of resident PI, peer discussion reduced PI and increased CC more than would be expected from averaging group members' individual scores.
Reasons for Data-Prompted Site Visits: Field Staff Findings and Review Committee Decisions
Authors: Caniano Donna A. , Martinez Serge A. , Nace Cathy , Hogan Sean O.
Published: June 2021

Background

A major component of the ACGME's Next Accreditation System (NAS) is the annual review of key performance indicators by each review committee (RC) for all programs under its oversight. The RC may request a site visit that is data-prompted for either a full review of all common and specialty-specific program requirements or a focused review of specific concerns for programs identified as underperforming.

Objective

The aims of this study were to: (1) identify the reasons that RCs requested data-prompted site visits; (2) describe the findings by accreditation field representatives as reflected in their site visit reports; and (3) summarize the accreditation decisions of RCs that followed the data-prompted site visits (DPSVs).

Methods

RC letters to programs informing them of a DPSV, site visit reports, and RC letters with accreditation decisions were reviewed for all programs having DPSVs from 2015 to 2020.

Results

DPSVs were performed in 312 programs, including 59 hospital-based, 122 medical-based, and 131 surgery-based programs; 214 programs had a single DPSV, and 98 programs had repeat DPSV. The most frequent reason that RCs requested a DPSV was noncompliance on the annual ACGME Resident/Fellow Survey. Notification of a DPSV prompted a change in program director in 7% of programs in the single DPSVs group and 57% of programs in the repeat DPSVs group. Surgery-based programs in the single and repeat DPSVs groups were more likely to receive an unfavorable accreditation status. The majority of programs in the single DPSVs group (78%) and repeat DPSVs group (70%) had a status of continued accreditation as of March 2020.

Conclusions

Noncompliance on the Resident/Fellow survey was the most frequent reason that RCs requested a DPSV. The majority of programs in the single and repeat DPSV groups achieved a favorable accreditation status.
Review of Data Mining for Twitter Data Analysis
Authors: Manthalkar Vaishnavi Shailesh , Barbade S. R.
Published: June 2021

In today’s life Twitter, Facebook, Google are well known social sites that many uses for different purposes. Social sites are the fastest medium which delivers news to user as compared to the new paper and television. One among the online social networks like Twitter, has quickly gained fame as it provides people with the opportunity to communicate and share messages known as “tweets”. Tremendous value lies in automated analysis and data mining of such vast and diverse data to derive meaningful insights, which carries potential opportunities for businesses, consumers, product survey and political survey. In the proposed system of analysis of the tweets, a search query for topic is provided to extract required data using ‘clustering algorithm’ in machine learning. The unique advantage of using machine learning is that once an algorithm knows what to do with the information, it can do its job automatically. To deduce for a search query, the proposed system extracts feature from the tweets like keywords in tweets, number of words in tweets. The output tweet list can further be used for analysis for business improvement or for surveys.
Juegos motores para desarrollar la motricidad gruesa en niños (8-10 años) futbolistas
Authors: Elles Cuadro Eduardo , García de la Cruz Andrés Felipe , Hernández Ariza Devanis Dayan , Mallarino Castro Julio César , Álvarez Contreras Leiber Mauricio
Published: June 2021

Las actividades lúdicas son el mejor medio para realizar procesos formativos con los infantes. El objetivo fue: Desarrollar la motricidad gruesa con niños de edades entre 8 y 10 años, del Club Deportivo Futbolero de Puerto Colombia-Atlántico, a través de un programa de juegos motores. Se trató de una investigación aplicada, con enfoque cuantitativo y diseño experimental, en la que participaron 25 niños varones. A través de la aplicación, en forma de diagnóstico, de una batería de 5 pruebas de campo (conducción de balón, carrera de 30 metros, flexión de tronco, extensiones de codos, coordinación en escalera) orientadas a evaluar diferentes aspectos de la motricidad gruesa, se valoró la condición general del grupo, en promedio los resultados fueron: deficientes, regulares con tendencia a la deficiencia, regulares, buenos y regulares, respectivamente. En función de la valoración, se diseñó e implementó un programa de juegos motores incluyendo actividades como: caminar, correr, patear, saltar, lanzar, entre otras; estimulando el desarrollo psicomotor de esos patrones y habilidades motrices. Luego de aplicar las pruebas nuevamente, después de la ejecución del programa, los resultados promedios de todas las pruebas fueron buenos, con tendencia a la excelencia en el caso de la prueba de extensiones de codos. En conclusión, el programa de juegos motores generó efectos positivos en todos los aspectos evaluados, observándose en la práctica deportiva mejoras significativas en la transferencia de las habilidades motrices para la ejecución de fundamentos básicos del fútbol, como el marcaje y la conducción de balón.
Neurociencia: el juego como conector del aprendizaje
Authors: González de la Roca Corina Irene , Chocoj González Magdalena , Guzmán Pérez Monica Miriam , Alfaro Méndez Idania Marisol , Ríos Ramírez Alejandro
Published: June 2021

En los primeros años de vida, el juego es el principal elemento del aprendizaje. Por ello al niño no se le dificulta la transición de la casa al centro de estudio. Los niños observan en el entorno académico un lugar de encuentro con amigos, asocian el aprender de forma fácil y divertida.

 

La neurociencia cognitiva se enfoca en el estudio del aprendizaje humano y de toda la actividad neuronal que se estimula a través del juego. Así mismo la neuroplasticidad es la flexibilidad que tiene el cerebro para adaptarse a los cambios a través de sus redes neuronales. El cerebro cambia y puede ser modificado según las experiencias como el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que se da a lo largo de la vida.

 

A través de este ensayo se resaltan puntos importantes sobre el juego como conector del aprendizaje humano.  Se pretende ampliar y analizar la importancia de incorporar elementos dinámicos en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, siendo el alumno el guionista de su propio aprendizaje y el profesor el facilitador del mismo.
“NÃO SOMOS FÃS DE CANALHA”: poéticas políticas afrodiaspóricas na 34ª Bienal de São Paulo
Authors: Machado Janaína
Published: June 2021

O presente texto busca propor uma reflexão crítica a respeito das poéticas políticas da negritude apresentadas na mostra Vento da programação da 34ª Bienal de São Paulo realizada em 2020. Com intuito de analisar essas intervenções artísticas a partir da noção de corpo-testemunha de Stênio Soares, autodeterminação e autorrevelação da escritora feminista Audre Lorde,  noções de  poéticas dos filósofos Achille Mbembe e Édouard Glissant, e a radiografia dos Racionais MC´S,  busco sistematizar as poéticas políticas apresentadas na mostra Vento pelo recorte da produção artística afrodiaspórica em torno da reflexão sobre os discursos éticos e poéticos nelas presentes. Neste texto, as poéticas políticas afrodiaspóricas são interpretadas como síntese da radiografia poética da negritude. Em suma, busca-se contribuir para os estudos da participação e mapeamento de artistas afrodiaspóricos na história das bienais de São Paulo.