bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Passivitätsbasierte Kraft- und Impedanzregelung für Roboter mit starren Gelenken mittels Energietanks
Authors: Haddadin Sami
Published: February 2017

In diesem Artikel wird ein neuartiger hybrider Kraft-/Impedanzregler vorgeschlagen, der zur Gewährleistung
der Passivität des Gesamtsystems mit einem Energietank ausgestattet ist. Der Ansatz behebt die jeweiligen Limitierungen
der (hybriden) Kraftregelung, Impedanzregelung sowie der indirekten Kraftregelung. Er erlaubt die simultane Kraftregelung,
ein vollständig nachgiebiges Impedanzverhalten und die sichere Behandlung von unvorhergesehenen Kontaktverlusten durch
eine reglerformende Funktion. Insbesondere wird hierbei ein Schaltverhalten vermieden, wie es üblicherweise bei anderen
Methoden der Fall ist. Des Weiteren wird ein konstruktiver Weg vorgeschlagen Energietanks vorab durch eine
Schätzung des Gesamtenergieverbrauchs einer Aufgabe zu initialisieren. Um die Wirksamkeit des vorgeschlagenen Ansatzes zu
zeigen, werden Simulationen und Experimente an einem realen 7-Achs-Roboter durchgeführt.
The impact of demographic and situational factors on training transfer in a health care setting
Authors: Cowman Mary C. , McCarthy Alma M.
Published: February 2017

Training transfer is the extent to which human resource development (HRD) interventions result in a change in trainee workplace behaviour post-training. Training transfer is an important dimension of training effectiveness. However, studies on training transfer are not extensive and some of the findings are inconclusive. Drawing on a study of 124 trainees across 102 similar organisations within the Irish health care system, the current study investigates the effect of demographic variables (age, educational background, position), situational variables (time since training, tenure, recruitment to the training programme, preparation for training) and organisational size on training transfer. Regression analyses report that current position significantly impacts training transfer in terms of direction, while method of recruitment to the training programme, age and employment tenure were all significant predictors of training transfer complexity. The findings report that age is not a barrier to training transfer. These results have important implications for HRD practitioners with regard to the profile of the workforce in this setting, the training and development function and trainee recruitment.
From experience to knowledge in professional IT management education: exploring the applicability of classroom learning to real-life contexts
Authors: Murnane Sinéad , Browne Anna
Published: February 2017

By understanding knowledge to be performative – a ‘dynamic and ongoing social accomplishment’, rather than a representation or commodity – we view knowledge, or more accurately ‘knowing’, as a capability that emerges from, is embodied by, and embedded in recurrent social practices. The fluent knowing-in-practice that distinguishes an expert practitioner from a novice is developed through the reflexive interaction of the practitioner with their peers and their real-life work practices . Our key aim in this research was to explore whether it is possible for the abstracted classroom setting to approximate real-life work contexts, thereby enabling the active physical, mental, and emotional engagement of learner/practitioners within their community of practice, which have been demonstrated in the literature to be central to learning. How might training programmes actively engage learners in this way? We explored these questions through focus groups and interviews with participants on a professional IT management training programme and found that real-life contexts can be approximated to an extent, such that learner/ practitioners are enabled to learn from their own and each other’s experience of addressing issues in relation to IT management.
Ethics policies, perceived social responsibility, and positive work attitude
Authors: Valentine Sean , Godkin Lynn
Published: February 2017

Employers that emphasise ethics often encourage a variety of positive work-related outcomes, yet the manner inwhich different ethics policies and corporate social responsibility (CSR) enhance employee attitudes is still subject toinvestigation. Consequently, this study explored how ethics training and an ethics code work with perceived social responsibility to encourage positive feelings about work. Using survey data collected from 781 individuals employed in an education-based health science centre, the results indicated that hours of ethics training and a shared ethics code operated through perceived social responsibility to enhance a positive work attitude, measured as job satisfaction and an intention to stay. Creating an ethical environment and emphasising socially responsible business practices should encourage employees to respond more favourably to the workplace. In particular, companies should use ethics codes and training to emphasise CSR, thus enhancing employees’ work attitudes.
When blinkers come off: Undergraduate students’ performance at simulated job interviews
Authors: Tan Rachel Siew Kuang , Taib Fauziah , Lin Teoh Mei
Published: February 2017

The interest in examining the use of English among Malaysian undergraduates arose as a result of much media talk about the poor language skills that these students display upon gaining their first jobs in the work place. This study analyses simulated job interview sessions at a public university involving a group of final year students and a human resource manager. The audio recordings of the interviews were transcribed and analysed to determine the language and strategies used by participants while responding to interview questions. Micro analysis of the interview discourse, and matching it against the macro perspective of the nation’s vision to produce competent users of English for the workforce, revealed that a huge gap exists between the two “worlds”. On the one hand, the university gets students who lack language competency while, on the other, government policy is to have these students trained and ready to communicate effectively at the workplace within a period of three to four years. This is indeed a high call. The data analysed provides a glimpse into the students’ deficiencies. The article proposes that there are more issues that need to be tackled regarding the matter at hand.
Thirty years of French language planning in Malaysia: From individual attempt to national strength
Authors: Machart Regis , Lim Sep Neo
Published: February 2017

French language teaching (FLT) started in Malaysian boarding schools in the 1970s due to the initiative of a few Malaysian teachers who had acquired some knowledge during colonial times. It was formally implemented by the Malaysian Ministry of Education (MOE) in 1984 and in the 2000s, FLT developed greatly in parallel with the internationalisation of higher education. The country had no former expertise in teaching French on a larger scale and future teachers had to be sent abroad to be trained in French. Thirty years later, this language has not only become part of the linguistic scenery in Malaysian boarding schools, as the MOE has also extended the teaching of French to normal day schools. This article will review the language planning regarding French language teaching in Malaysia as an example of foreign language planning in the country, and will focus on its implementation in the Malaysian secondary schools from the 1970s to 2014. Issues of teaching hours and textbooks will not be dealt with, as these matters are left to the circumspection of the respective schools.
Current conduction mechanisms in thermal nitride and dry gate oxide grown on 4H-silicon carbide (SiC)
Authors: Liu Li , Yang Yin-Tang
Published: February 2017

Current conduction mechanisms of SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors on n-type 4H-SiC with or without NO annealing have been investigated in this work. It has been revealed that Fowler-Nordheim (FN) tunneling is the dominating current conduction mechanism in high electrical fields, with barrier height of 2.67 and 2.54 eV respectively for samples with NO and without NO annealing. A higher barrier height for NO-annealed sample indicates the effect of N element on the SiC/SiO
Crystal structure of 2-amino-4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile, C16H12Cl2N2O2
Authors: He Jing
Published: February 2017

C16H12Cl2N2O2, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.0741(4) Å, b = 14.9623(8) Å, c = 16.2178(9) Å, V = 1473.91(15) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0376, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0918, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of poly[diaqua-(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)-(μ2-2,5-dihydroxytere-phthalato)-bis(μ4-2,5-dihydroxyterephthalato)dicerium(III)], C24H16CeN2O10
Authors: Zhao Li-Ting , Wei Ya-Nan , Li Chuan-Bi , Song Xian-Shi , Li Jia-Run
Published: February 2017

C24H16CeN2O10, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.7971(9) Å, b = 9.9998(9) Å, c = 12.2287(12) Å, α = 109.559(10)°, β = 92.598(2)°, γ = 95.385(2)°, V = 1120.15(18) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0346, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0909, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 5,7,4′-trihydroxy-3,8,3′-trymethoxyflavone, C18H16O8
Authors: Brito Iván , Simirgiotis Mario L. , Pasten Leyla , Muñoz Rubén , Bórquez Jorge , Cárdenas Alejandro
Published: February 2017

C18H16O8, monoclinic, P21/n, (no. 14), a = 7.9253(3) Å, b = 16.8928(6) Å, c = 11.8439(5) Å, β = 92.387(2)°, V = 1584.29(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.043, wR
ref(F2) = 0.102, T = 295(2) K.
Crystal structure of 4-(3-Methoxy-phenyl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, C22H27NO4
Authors: Li Jiangtao
Published: February 2017

C22H27NO4, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.468(3) Å, b = 9.442(3) Å, c = 14.134(5) Å, α = 82.725(5)°, β = 84.077(5)°, γ = 72.585(5)°, V = 941.0(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0727, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1796, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 5-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-N-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine, C23H16ClN5S
Authors: El-Hiti Gamal A. , Abdel-Wahab Bakr F. , Hegazy Amany S. , Kariuki Benson M.
Published: February 2017

C23H16ClN5S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 19.8348(9) Å, b = 8.8376(3) Å, c = 23.8486(10) Å, β = 97.646(4)°, V = 4143.3(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0492, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1276, T = 293(2) K.
Polarity and structure of derivatives of bis(2-phenylethyl)selenophosphinic acid
Authors: Vereshchagina Yana , Khanafieva Rezeda , Chachkov Denis , Ishmaeva Eleonora , Malysheva Svetlana , Gusarova Nina , Trofimov Boris
Published: February 2017

Conformational analysis of derivatives of bis(2-phenylethyl)selenophosphinic acid was carried out by the method of dipole moments and density functional theory calculations. The conformations of the examined compounds fit into the overall conformational picture for the PIV compounds: these derivatives exist as conformational equilibrium of non-eclipsed gauche and trans forms with propeller arrangement of the substituents relative to the P=Se bond. We stipulate that the eclipsed cis orientation of substituent may be caused by the formation of H-contact.
Digitization: Does It Always Improve Access to Rare Books and Special Collections?
Authors: Correa Dale J.
Published: February 2017

In April 2016, the Israel State Archives announced the most recent stage of an ambitious project to digitize all of their holdings (potentially 400 million pages of material): the new archival website was ready online (Aderet). With the new website came the ability to request digital copies of documents, which would be available on the website within two weeks of the request (Aderet). However, researchers would now at the very least be discouraged from requesting access to the paper documents (Lozowick), or, in the worst-case scenario, be refused access to anything except the website (Baron and Newhall). Local scholars (including a prominent professor of history at Tel Aviv University), the Akevot Institute for Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Research, and the Middle East Studies Association of North America (which publishes the prestigious International Journal of Middle East Studies) registered concern with the restriction of physical access to the archive and issued public calls for a reversal of the decision (Akevot Institute). The conflict was between perceived best practices of digitization and of archival stewardship (represented by the State Archivist Dr. Yaacov Lozowick) on the one hand, and standards and expectations for scholarly research on the Middle East, which largely depends on archival and rare book collections, on the other.
Barriers to Digital Preservation in Special Collections Departments
Authors: Fisher Katherine
Published: February 2017

This essay selectively surveys recent findings on digital preservation in special collections settings and examines the challenges that prevent widespread implementation. Using the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa’s library to illustrate the situation facing many institutions, I discuss three types of barriers to digital preservation: workflow and procedural obstacles, resource limitations, and lack of buy-in.
Interferometrischer Liniensensor zur Formmessung von rotationssymmetrischen optisch glatten Oberflächen
Authors: Laubach Sören , Ehret Gerd , Lehmann Peter , Riebeling Jörg
Published: February 2017

Es wird ein neuartiges Formmesssystem basierend auf einem
interferometrischen Liniensensor vorgestellt. Der Liniensensor wird
mit einem Bewegungssystem so nachgeführt, dass die
Beleuchtungsstrahlen möglichst senkrecht zur Prüflingsoberfläche
stehen. Das linienbasierte Formmesssystem bietet die Möglichkeit einer
schnellen und flexiblen Messung. In den Überlappbereichen sind
redundante Informationen enthalten, die zu einer genaueren Auswertung
führen als bei einem Punktsensor. Die Formmessung mit Punktsensoren
ist langsam, und die Genauigkeit ist durch das Bewegungssystem
limitiert, da die Bewegungsachsen systematische und zufällige
Führungsfehler haben. Diese Führungsfehler können nicht ohne Weiteres
eliminiert werden und führen deshalb zu einer erhöhten
Messunsicherheit bei der Formmessung. Bei vollflächig messenden
Systemen werden i. Allg. sehr große Optiken benötigt, die mit hohen
Kosten verbunden sind. In diesem Beitrag wird der Aufbau des
linienbasierten Systems und exemplarisch einige Messergebnisse
vorgestellt.
Ortsaufgelöste optische Bestimmung von Materialanteilen in Mischungen
Authors: Krippner Wolfgang , Bauer Sebastian , Puente León Fernando
Published: February 2017

Aus aufgezeichneten Hyperspektralbildern lassen sich mittels sogenannter spektraler Entmischung die Anteile von Materialien in Materialmischungen bestimmen. Allerdings erfordert die Aufzeichnung solcher Bilder einen hohen Hardwareaufwand. Außerdem benötigt die spektrale Entmischung aufgrund des hohen Datenvolumens zeitintensive Berechnungen. Der vorgestellte Ansatz verlagert die Berechnung in angepasste Spektralfilter, sodass die Hyperspektralbilder bei einem zukünftigen modifizierten Hardwareaufbau gar nicht erst aufgezeichnet werden müssen und die gewünschten Materialanteile in Form von zweidimensionalen Grauwertbildern direkt erfasst werden.
Prozessuales Erklären
Authors: Aljets Enno , Hoebel Thomas
Published: February 2017

Der Artikel zielt darauf ab, Grundzüge einer Methodologie prozessualen Erklärens (MpE) zu erörtern, die erstens gegenstandsoffen ist, sich zweitens in Bezug auf sozialtheoretische Prämissen möglichst wenig einschränkt und drittens generalisierende Aussagen erlaubt, die vom jeweils untersuchten Gegenstand abstrahieren. Der Begriff des Timings fungiert als explanatorisches Schlüsselkonzept. Die Erklärung setzt voraus, das interessierende Geschehen zunächst möglichst detailliert zu rekonstruieren. Während die basale Rekonstruktion dazu dient, die Sequenzialität der Ereignisse zu beschreiben, hat die komplexe Rekonstruktion zum Ziel, Verschachtelungen und Interferenzen der Sequenzen zu eruieren, die zusammengenommen das erklärungsbedürftige Phänomen bilden. Maßgeblich inspiriert ist die MpE durch zwei sehr unterschiedliche Untersuchungsfälle: (a) Massenerschießungen und (b) Empirische Bildungsforschung. Die Studien haben jedoch gemeinsam, dass die Verlaufsform des Wendepunkts zur prozessualen Erklärung der Ereignisse dient. Die Forschungsperspektive ist, weitere Verlaufsformen sozialen Geschehens in den hier vorgeschlagenen Ansatz einzubeziehen.
Crystal structures of [SbF6]− salts of di- and tetrahydrated Ag +, tetrahydrated Pd2 + and hexahydrated Cd2 + cations
Authors: Mazej Zoran , Goreshnik Evgeny
Published: February 2017

The [Ag(H2O)2]SbF6, is triclinic, P1̅ (No. 2), with a=6.6419(3) Å, b=7.6327(3) Å, c=11.1338(3) Å, α=95.492(3)°, β=96.994(3)°, γ=113.535(4)°, V=507.13(4) Å3 at 150 K, and Z=3. There are two crystallographically non-equivalent Ag+ cations. The Ag1 is coordinated by two water molecules with Ag–OH2 distances equal to 2.271(2) Å forming in that way a discrete linear [Ag(H2O)2]+ cation. Additionaly, it forms two short Ag···F contacts (2.630(2) Å), resulting in AgO2F2 plaquette, and four long ones (2×3.001(2) Å and 2×3.095(2) Å) with fluorine atoms located below and above the AgO2F2 plaquette. The H2O molecules bridge Ag2 atoms into {–[Ag(μ-OH2)2]–}n infinite chains, with Ag–O distances of 2.367(2)–2.466(2) Å. The [Pd(H2O)4](SbF6)2·4H2O is monoclinic, P2

1

/a (No.14), with a=8.172(2) Å, b=13.202(3) Å, c=8.188(3) Å, β=115.10(1)o, V=799.9(4) Å3 at 200 K, and Z=2. Its crystal structure can be described as an alternation of layers of [Pd(H2O)4]2+ cations (interconnected by H2O molecules) and [SbF6]− anions. It represents the first example where [Pd(H2O)4]2+ has been structurally determined in the solid state. Four oxygen atoms provided by H2O molecules are in almost ideal square-planar arrangement with Pd–O bond lengths 2×2.004(5) Å and 2×2.022(6) Å. The [Cd(H2O)6](SbF6)2, is orthorhombic, Pnnm (No.58), with a=5.5331(2) Å, b=14.5206(4) Å, c=8.9051(3) Å, V=715.47(4) Å3 at 200 K, and Z=2. It consists of [Cd(H2O)6]2+ cations and [SbF6]− anions.
On the Heisenberg Supermagnet Model in (2+1)-Dimensions
Authors: Yan Zhao-Wen
Published: February 2017

The Heisenberg supermagnet model is an important supersymmetric integrable system in (1+1)-dimensions. We construct two types of the (2+1)-dimensional integrable Heisenberg supermagnet models with the quadratic constraints and investigate the integrability of the systems. In terms of the gage transformation, we derive their gage equivalent counterparts. Furthermore, we also construct new solutions of the supersymmetric integrable systems by means of the Bäcklund transformations.
Ethical Concerns When Minors Act as Standardized Patients
Authors: Khoo Erwin Jiayuan , Schremmer Robert D. , Diekema Douglas S. , Lantos John D.
Published: February 2017

When minors are asked to assist medical educators by acting as standardized patients (SPs), there is a potential for the minors to be exploited. Minors deserve protection from exploitation. Such protection has been written into regulations governing medical research and into child labor laws. But there are no similar guidelines for minors’ work in medical education. This article addresses the question of whether there should be rules. Should minors be required to give their informed consent or assent? Are there certain practices that could cause harm for the children who become SPs? We present a controversial case and ask a number of experts to consider the ethical issues that arise when minors are asked to act as SPs in medical education.
Practical Approaches to Optimize Adolescent Immunization
Authors: Bernstein Henry H. , Bocchini Joseph A. ,   COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Byington Carrie L. , Maldonado Yvonne A. , Barnett Elizabeth D. , Campbell James D. , Davies H. Dele , Lynfield Ruth , Munoz Flor M. , Nolt Dawn , Nyquist Ann-Christine , O’Leary Sean , Rathore Mobeen H. , Sawyer Mark H. , Steinbach William J. , Tan Tina Q. , Zaoutis Theoklis E.
Published: February 2017

This Clinical Report was retired January 2024.

With the expansion of the adolescent immunization schedule during the past decade, immunization rates notably vary by vaccine and by state. Addressing barriers to improving adolescent vaccination rates is a priority. Every visit can be viewed as an opportunity to update and complete an adolescent’s immunizations. It is essential to continue to focus and refine the appropriate techniques in approaching the adolescent patient and parent in the office setting. Health care providers must continuously strive to educate their patients and develop skills that can help parents and adolescents overcome vaccine hesitancy. Research on strategies to achieve higher vaccination rates is ongoing, and it is important to increase the knowledge and implementation of these strategies. This clinical report focuses on increasing adherence to the universally recommended vaccines in the annual adolescent immunization schedule of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. This will be accomplished by (1) examining strategies that heighten confidence in immunizations and address patient and parental concerns to promote adolescent immunization and (2) exploring how best to approach the adolescent and family to improve immunization rates.
Geomorphological characterization and mapping of Cartagena de Indias and adjacencies
Authors: Furrier Max , Vargas Cuervo Germán , Moncada Cristian Camilo
Published: February 2017

This work involves a geomorphological characterization of the topographic chart 23 III D, produced by IGAC, in which were developed thematic mappings and other cartographic products where the relief, both, in its morphology and its morphometric and spatial characteristics were the central theme. From the geomorphological point of view, the area in question is located on the Sinú Belt and the unconsolidated Quaternary sediments. Sinú Belt, which oldest geological formation is dated as Oligocene-Miocene, presents the highest altitudes in the mapped area reaching 146 meters in the Cerro La Popa. The lower levels of the relief in the area are the unconsolidated Quaternary deposits, which altitudes do not go over 20 meters. From mapping surveys, interpretation of orbital images, field observations and the integration of the interpretation obtained, it can be concluded that the Cenozoic tectonics is the most important setting factor in the morphological shape of the area.
Tomography axial computerized technique application to improve Cuban oil fields seal and reservoir rocks characterization
Authors: Miquel-González Lisset , Ortiz-Rabell Gilbert , Castro-Castiñeira Olga
Published: February 2017

This investigation pretend to obtain improve on seal and reservoir rocks composition studies in oil fields, more certain in the formations characterization, and to prove the necessity of analytical nuclear techniques’ incorporation to petrophysical methods’ complex used in the Cuban oil prospection. This investigation used computer axial tomography method in consolidated cores’ rock and free software Image J as tomography interpretation support, resulting in novel improvement to the petrophysical laboratory. The following results were obtained: the computer axial tomography on cores’ rock were carried out; the resulted images were analyzed in quantitative and qualitative way, using Image J software, obtaining a good correlation with expert’s description of those cores’ rock. A methodology which permit to find average porosity and density values per pixel using tomography images were obtained, with the necessary corrections per lithology. This methodology is now in the initial phase of its development.
Petrography, geochemistry and geochronology of metamorphic rocks outcropping in San Francisco Putumayo and the Palermo-San Luis road associated with the La Cocha - River Tellez and Aleluya complexes
Authors: Zapata-García Gilberto , Rodríguez-García Gabriel , Arango-Mejía María Isabel
Published: February 2017

The La Cocha – Rio Tellez Migmatitic Complex includes a set of metamorphic rocks, mainly migmatites, schists, gneisses and amphibolites, that lie in faulted contact with the Cuarzomonzonita de Sombrerillo Unit and cretaceous sedimentary rocks. The 163.6±4.7 Ma U-Pb age in zircon is assumed as the age of metamorphism of the La Cocha-Río Tellez Migmatitic Complex, it was obtained in a quartz-feldspar schist that outcrops in the municipality of San Francisco-Putumayo; the ages of 194. 4±2. 0 Ma, 218.8 Ma and Ma 229.8 correspond to inherited ages. The Aleluya Complex encompasses marbles, meta-sandstones, quartzites, and migmatites. U-Pb ages in zircon obtained for two granofels samples collected on the Palermo-San Luis (Huila) road, are separated into three populations of data with ages: 169. 1±2. 7 Ma age of crystallization and inherited ages of 194. 6±3. 2 Ma, 212.5, 218.6 and 235.5 Ma.
NPV analysis as a function of the discount rate and cost of rehandling implementing SIMSCHED DBS to open pit mining
Authors: Navia-Vásquez Carolina , Monsalve-Hinestroza María Camila , Franco-Sepúlveda Giovanni
Published: February 2017

The function of all software is to model situations that look like reality, in order to find the most viable conditions for developing a mining project, since in these what is sought is to increase revenue and reduce costs by making better decisions. In this industry investors seek to obtain the highest income in exploiting underground resources, with the aim of achieving return on investment. In this article the discount rate and the cost of rehandling of a mineral deposit hypothetical gold and copper is evaluated using the SIMSCHED DBS software. In turn a search for information, which can give clarity to the concepts with which you are working, is done. Based on the simulations performed with the two economic variables you can select the optimal net present value (NPV) for future flows.
Efecto de la distancia de siembra en variables morfoagronómicas de moringa (Moringa oleifera).
Authors: Sosa-Rodríguez Ariel Antonio , Ledea-Rodríuez José Leonardo , Estrada-Prado Wilfredo , Molinet-Salas Daniel
Published: February 2017

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto de cinco distancias de siembra en variables morfoagronómicas de Moringa oleifera Lam. El trabajo se realizó en áreas del Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias “Jorge Dimitrov”, del municipio Bayamo, provincia Granma, Cuba, en el periodo noviembre-febrero de 2014-2015, respectivamente. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones. Se evaluaron cinco tratamientos consistentes en las distancias de siembra, el corte se efectuó a 10 cm sobre el nivel del suelo cada quince días. Se encontraron efectos signi cativos (p<0,05) entre los tratamientos, la altura de las plantas y el número de rebrotes/plantas, donde las distancias de siembra incrementaron signi cativamente el número de rebrotes/plantas (p<0,05), con promedios de cinco y tres en la mayor y menor distancia de siembra respectivamente. Las distancias de siembra utilizadas in uyeron en los indicadores morfoagronómicos de la Moringa oleifera vc. Súper Genium. El rendimiento de biomasa disminuyó signi cativamente (p<0,05) con el aumento de la distancia de siembra desde 7 t/ha con el tratamiento 10 cm x 10 cm, hasta 2 t/ha con 20 cm x 20 cm.
Efecto de bacterias solubilizadoras de fosfatos sobre el desarrollo de plántulas de café.
Authors: Cisneros-Rojas Carlos Adolfo , Sánchez-de Prager Mariana , Menjivar-Flores Juan Carlos
Published: February 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de bacterias solubilizadoras de fosfatos (BSF), Kocuria sp. y Bacillus subtilis, sobre el desarrollo de plántulas de café variedad Castillo. El experimento se realizó en condiciones de invernadero en Palmira, Colombia durante los años 2013-2014. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar, con nueve tratamientos y diez repeticiones. Los tratamientos se establecieron bajo tres tipos de sustratos para las plántulas: suelo natural (Typic Melanudand) + pulpa de café descompuesta (1:1) en presencia o ausencia de BSF (tratamientos 1-4), suelo natural + pulpa de café descompuesta (1:1) + roca fosfórica (RF) con o sin los microorganismos (tratamientos 5-8), y suelo natural sin BSF sometido a fertilización con fosfato diamónico (DAP) (tratamiento 9). La aplicación de pulpa de café descompuesta con y sin RF, y de las BSF favoreció la disponibilidad de fósforo, que mejoró el desarrollo de las plántulas de café, lo anterior se re ejó en los análisis químicos del sustrato y en las variables de respuesta: peso seco aéreo, peso seco de raíz y peso seco total. La longitud y volumen de raíz, P foliar y la e ciencia de recuperación de fósforo y e ciencia de recuperación de fósforo (ERF), no presentaron diferencias signi cativas.
Caracterización poscosecha de frutos de tacaco (Sechium tacaco (Pittier)) en Cartago, Costa Rica.
Authors: Cerdas-Araya María Del Milagro , Castro-Chinchilla Johanny
Published: February 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar una caracterización poscosecha de frutos de tacaco de diferente edad cronológica. Durante julio y agosto de 2014 y, enero y febrero de 2015 se evaluaron frutos recién cuajados, con y sin espinas, procedentes de Cartago, Costa Rica. A partir de los siete días después del cuaje del fruto en tacacos sin espinas (TSE) y ocho días en tacacos con espinas (TCE), se evaluó el peso, y el largo y ancho del fruto, presencia y endurecimiento de las espinas, y aparición de bra. El largo y grosor de la semilla, la rmeza, y el color externo de la cáscara, fueron evaluados a partir de los catorce días. En ambos materiales, el peso, el largo y ancho del fruto se estabi- lizaron a partir del día veintiuno, momento en el cual ocurrió la aparición de bra y espinas, y se registró un incremento signi- cativo en la rmeza, la cual alcanzó a los treinta días, valores de 80 N a 100 N en tacaco con espinas y hasta 129 N en frutos sin espinas. El color de la cáscara pasó de un verde amarillento en el estado inmaduro a verde grisáceo en el estado sazón a los treinta días, momento cercano a la abscisión del fruto. Antes del día veintiuno TSE o TCE, se pueden utilizar como frutos inmaduros, ya que no hay presencia de bra; y la cáscara y las espinas aún no se han endurecido.
Actividad antibacteriana de un extracto acuoso de propóleo del municipio de Irapuato, Guanajuato, México.
Authors: Bucio-Villalobos Carlos Manuel , Martínez-Jaime Oscar Alejandro
Published: February 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la actividad antibacteriana de un extracto acuoso de propóleo. En febrero de 2015 se colectó el propóleo en un apiario ubicado en Irapuato, Guanajuato, México. 300 g de propóleo fueron fraccionados y adicionados a 500 ml de etanol al 70%, en agitación continua por quince días. Por ltración al vacío, se separó la fase líquida, y el etanol contenido en ella fue evaporado en un rotoevaporador accionado a noventa revoluciones por minuto (rpm) y 80 oC. El residuo nal fue resuspendido en agua destilada, obteniéndose así el extracto acuoso. Un extracto de propóleo obtenido con etanol concentrado fue utilizado como control de referencia, además se incluyeron controles de etanol y agua. La actividad antibacteriana de los extractos fue evaluada mediante la técnica de difusión en agar, utilizando cepas de Escherichia coli (ATCC-10536), Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC-13311), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC-19115) y Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-11632), desarrolladas en tripticaseina-soya- agar, incubadas a 37 °C por veinticuatro horas (h) y se midió el halo de inhibición al término de dicho tiempo. Solo el extracto etanólico usado como control tuvo actividad antimicrobiana contra S. aureus y L. monocytogenes, más no se encontró respuesta para E. coli y S. typhimurium. El extracto acuoso no tuvo efecto sobre ninguna de las cuatro bacterias evaluadas, concluyéndose que los ingredientes activos del propóleo no son solubles en agua, por lo que se pierden en un proceso de extracción acuosa.
A new Masdevallia (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from a deforested area in the Huanuco region of Peru
Authors: Dalström Stig , Ruíz Pérez Saul
Published: February 2017

A new and showy Masdevallia from the Huanuco region in Peru is described and illustrated with a line drawing and color photographs. It belongs to the subgenus Masdevallia, section Masdevallia. The new species is compared to several more or less morphologically similar species, such as M. burianii, M. cranion and M. popowiana that appear to be closely related. The new species differs from them by a combination of features, including the rather fleshy leaves and the bell-shaped flowers covered internally with magenta to white pubescence.
Hitek és tévhitek, azaz vitatott esszenciális kérdések a kézhigiénéről az evidencia tükrében
Authors: Szél Borbála , Nagy Kamilla , Milassin Márta , Tálosi Gyula
Published: February 2017

Abstract:

Contaminated hands can play pivotal role in the development and spread of healthcare-associated infections. Consequently hand hygiene practice performed with adequate technique and with adequate timing is an essential implement for patient safety. Inhibition of the practice of high level hand hygiene by the misconceptions or deficient knowledge of healthcare workers may lead to negative influence on the quality of patient care. Erroneous beliefs or “rumourous knowledge” acquired from colleagues can not only influence the attitude of healthcare workers, but can also give rise to insufficient hand hygiene compliance. Finding, interpreting and imparting the related evidence by delivering continuing education and lectures, highlighting the theoretical and practical know-how on hand hygiene could help to understand and imprint the evidence-based practice and adequate technique in the essential issue of hand hygiene. Orv. Hetil., 2017., 158(6), 212–219.
INFORMASI BIOLOGI PERIKANAN IKAN KURISI, Nemipterus japonicus, DI BLANAKAN DAN TEGAL
Authors: Wahyuni Indar Sri , Hartati Sri Turni , Indarsyah Ina Juanita
Published: February 2017

Berbagai jenis ikan kurisi (Nemipteridae) termasuk Nemipterus japonicus, merupakan jenis ikan demersal yang banyak tertangkap dengan cantrang (jaring dogol), bertubuh relatif kecil dan berenang secara bergerombol (schooling) serta banyak ditemukan pada kedalaman 25-40 m. Pengamatan ikan kurisi difokuskan pada N. japonicus dan dilakukan di daerah Blanakan (Subang, Jawa Barat) dan daerah Tegal (Jawa Tengah) mulai Maret-April 2006. Di Blanakan, hasil tangkapan ikan kurisiberkisar 2-10,7% dari total hasil tangkapan cantrang besar maupun kecil dan di Tegal 15-35%. Struktur ukuran (sebaran panjang) ikan kurisi di Blanakan pada bulan Januari 2006 didominansi oleh ukuran 10 cm pada bulan Pebruari dan Maret 2006 didominansi oleh ukuran 12 dan 16 cm, sedangkan bulan April 2006 didominansi oleh ukuran 10,5 cm. Struktur ukuran ikan kurisi di Tegal didominansi ukuran 11,45 cm yaitu 21,2%. Tingkat kematangan gonad ikan kurisi di Blanakan didominansi III yaitu 19,3%; sedangkan di Tegal didominansi oleh tingkat V (spent) yaitu 34,8%. Isi perut ikan kurisi di Blanakan dan Tegal relatif sama, yaitu di dominansi oleh Polychaeta, Bacillariophyceae, dan Crustaceae. Pertumbuhan ikan kurisi bersifat allometrik (b<3,0).
BEBERAPAASPEK BIOLOGI IKAN OSKAR (Amphilophus citrinellus) DI WADUK IR. H. DJUANDA, JATILUHUR, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Purnamaningtyas Sri Endah , Tjahjo Didik WahjuHendro
Published: February 2017

Ikan oskar (Amphilophus citrinellus) telah berkembang pesat di Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda, di mana keberadaannya dianggap meresahkan pada kebanyakan nelayan setempat. Ikan ini mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang rendah dan bersifat omnivora-karnivora, diduga perkembangan ikan ini mampu mendesak perkembangan jenis ikan lainnya di perairan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beberapa aspek biologi ikan oskar, meliputi pola kebiasaan pakan ikan, tingkatkematangan gonad, dan fekunditas yang dilakukan di Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda, Jatiluhur. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret, Juni, Agustus, Oktober, dan Desember 2006. Pengambilan contoh ikan menggunakan gillnet percobaan dengan ukuran mata jaring 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5; 3; 3,5; dan 4 inci. Ikan oskardi waduk Ir. H. Djuanda merupakan ikan omnivora-karnivora yang memanfaatkan tumbuhan dan ikan sebagai pakan utamanya, larva serangga, dan fitoplankton sebagai pakan tambahan dan serangga, detritus dan zooplankton sebagai pakan pelengkap. Dari hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan didapatkan bahwa ikan oskar dapat berkembang dan bertelur sepanjang waktu dan fekunditasnya berkisar antara 1.595-3.567 butir. Oskar (Amphilophus citrinellus) has rapidly expanded in Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir, where existence of the fish is assumed fretting by local fishermen. This fish has low economic value and the character is omnivore-carnivore, development anticipation of this fish can depress growth of other fish species in the territorial water. This research aims to know some biology aspects of Oskar in Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir, such as food habit, level of gonad maturity, and fecundity. This study is conducted in March, June, August, October, and December 2006. Gillnet with mesh size of 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3; 3.5; and 4 inch were used for fish sampling. This species is categorised in omnovora-carnivora fish feed mainly on plant and small fish, while insect larvae and phytoplankton as additional food and insect, detritus andzooplankton as complement food. From this study resulted thet oskar could develop and spawn in a long season with fecundity range from 1,595-3,567 grains.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN PANJANG BOBOT DAN PENDUGAAN PARAMETER PERTUMBUHAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) DI WADUK IR. H. DJUANDA
Authors: Putri Masayu Rahmia Anwar RahmiaAnwar , Tjahjo Didik WahjuHendro
Published: February 2017

Ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) merupakan salah satu ikan introduksi yang mulai mendominansi hasil tangkapan ikan di Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan panjang bobot dan menduga parameter pertumbuhan dari ikan nila di Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda. Contoh ikan didapatkan selama bulan Pebruari sampai Nopember 2008. Data panjang dan bobot ikan dianalisis hubungan panjang bobotnya dan ditentukan parameter pertumbuhannya dengan menggunakan program FISAT II. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pertumbuhan ikan nila di Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda bersifat allometrik negatif dengan persamaan W=0,129L2,4608,yang menandakan pertambahan bobotnya tidak secepat pertambahan panjangnya (b<3) dengan faktor kondisi 1,15.Ukuran panjang ikan yang tertangkap berkisar antara 11-41 cm. Hasil pendugaan parameter pertumbuhan diperoleh L=44,10 cm, K=0,72 (per tahun), dengan Z=2,4, M=1,34, F=1,06, dan E=0,44. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of introduction fishes that begin to dominate yield of fish capture at Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir. The aim of this research was to know the length weight relationship and growth parameters estimation of nile tilapia at Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir. The samples were collected during February until November 2008. The length and weight data of nile tilapia were analyzed its length weight relationship and the growth parameters were evaluated by FISAT II. The research shows that the characteristic of nile tilapia growth’s at Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir was allometric negative with similarity W=0.129L2.4608, that indicated the increasing of weight from this fish not fast as its length (b<3) with the condition factor of it was 1.15. The range measure of fish length that captured was 11-41 cm. The results from growth parameters estimation were L=44.10 cm, K=0.72 (per year), with Z=2.4, M=1.34, F=1.06, and E=0,44.
FEKUNDITAS DAN DIAMETER TELUR IKAN TERBANG DI PERAIRAN SELAT MAKASSAR DAN UTARA BALI
Authors: Ferdiansyah Firman , Syahailatua Augy
Published: February 2017

Fekunditas dan diameter telur ikan merupakan bagian dari studi reproduksi biologi perikanan. Aspek ini dikaji dari tiga jenis ikan terbang, yaitu Cheilopogon cyanopterus, Hirundichthys oxycephalus, dan Parexocoetus mento yang dikumpulkan dari hasil tangkapan nelayan dengan jaring insang hanyut di perairan Takalar (Selat Makassar) dan Pemuteran (Bali Utara). Jumlah contoh yang diamati 58 gonad ikan betina yang berada pada tingkat kematangan gonad III dan IV. Fekunditas tertinggidimiliki oleh Parexocoetus mento, namun rata-rata fekunditas tertinggi dimiliki oleh jenis Hirundichthys oxycephalus. Korelasi antara fekunditas dan panjang total ikan memiliki tingkat keeratan yang rendah, sedangkan korelasi antara fekunditas dan bobot gonad memiliki tingkat keeratan yang kuat. Distribusidiameter telur ikan pada ketiga jenis ikan terbang ini tidak menunjukan perbedaan yang signifikan, namun secara umum diameter telur pada tingkat kematangan gonad III (0,33-2,21 mm) lebih kecil dari pada tingkat kematangan gonad IV (0,45-2,36 mm). Penelitian ini memberikan indikasi bahwaterdapat variasi fekunditas dan diameter telur antar jenis ikan terbang, serta lokasi penangkapan ikan terbang yang dilakukan oleh nelayan lokal saat ini merupakan daerah pemijahan. Fish fecundity and egg diameter are essential aspects in the study of fishery biological reproductive. These two aspects were observed on three species of fyingfish Cheilopogon cyanopterus, Hirundichthys oxycephalus, and Parexocoetus mento which collected from fishermen caught used a drift gillnet in the waters of Takalar (Makassar Strait) and Pemuteran (north Bali). Numbers of samples examined were 58 gonads of flyingfish at the third (develop) and fourth (mature) maturity stages. The higest fecundity was in the gonad of Parexocoetusmento, however the highest of fecundity mean was in Hirundichthys oxycephalus. The correlation between fecundity and total length shows a weak relationship, however the correlation between fecundity and gonad weight show a strong relationship. Egg diameter of these three flyingfish species had no significant different, but generally egg diameter of develop gonad (0.33-2.21 mm) was smaller than the mature one (0.45-2.36 mm). This study indicates variability in fecundity and eeg diameter among flyingfish species. In addition, the fishing grounds also indicates spawing grounds.
FREKUENSI PEMUNCULAN, TINGKAH LAKU, DAN DISTRIBUSI MAMALIA LAUT DI LAUT SAWU, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Dharmadi Dharmadi , Faizah Ria , Wiadnyana Ngurah Nyoman
Published: February 2017

Penelitian mamalia laut dilakukan pada bulan Juli dan Desember tahun 2005 di perairan Laut Sawu, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkah laku, frekuensi pemunculan, dan pola penyebaran mamalia laut. Metode survei menggunakan garis transek dengan pola zig-zag dan dilengkapi dua pengamat (double observer). Delapan spesies mamalia laut yang terdiri atas paus dan lumba-lumba berhasil diidentifikasi, yaitu ikan paus sperma (Physetermacrocephalus), paus pilot (Globicephala macrorhynchus), paus pembunuh kerdil (Feresa attenuata), paus pembunuh (Pseudorca crasidens), lumba-lumba paruh panjang (Stenella longirostris), lumbalumba botol (Stenella attenuata), lumba-lumba fraser (Lagenodelphis hosei), dan lumba-lumba hidung botol (Tursiop truncatus). Tingkah laku mamalia laut yang teridentifikasi selama pengamatan adalah berburu mangsa, melompat ke atas permukaan air, dan berenang menuju arah tertentu. Frekuensi pemunculan tertinggi dilakukan oleh Stenella longirostris yaitu 245 kali atau 84,1% kehadiran pada bulan Juli dan 994 kali atau 60,8% kehadiran pada bulan Desember 2005. Distribusi mamalia laut di Laut Sawu sebagian besar terkonsentrasi di sekitar perairan Lembata, Pantar, danAlor, Nusa Tenggara Timur yang juga didominansi oleh Stenella longirostris. Study on mamals was conducted in the Sawu Sea, East Nusa Tenggara on July and December 2005. The objectives of these research are to study the sighting frequency and the distribution patterns of marine mammals. Survey was conducted using line transect with zig-zag patern that equiped by two observer. Eight species of cetacean, namely sperm whale (Physetermacrocephalus), short fin pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), false killer whale (Pseudorca crasidens), pigmy killer whale (Feresa attenuata), spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris), spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata), fraser’s dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei), and bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). The cetacean behavior during observation are hunting, forfeed jumping in the air, and travelling to certain direction. Stenella longirostris is the frequent observed species compared to the others, where 245 sightings (84,1%) on July and 994 sightings (60,8%) on December 2005. The cetacean distributed in the Lembata, Pantar, and Alor waters, East Nusa Tenggara was dominated by spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris).
INVENTARISASI JENIS DAN STRUKTUR EKOLOGI ZOOPLANKTON DI SUNGAI MUSI BAGIAN HILIR, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Prianto Eko , Husnah Husnah , Aida Siti Nurul
Published: February 2017

Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas zooplankton di Sungai Musi bagian hilir telah dilakukan pada bulan Mei, September, dan Januari 2007. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode survei pada 9 lokasi. Pemilihan lokasi pengambilan contoh dengan menggunakan purposive sampling didasarkan pada mikrohabitat. Contoh zooplankton diambil dengan menggunakan ember 10 l dan total volume yang disaring dengan plankton net 150 l. Parameter yang diukur meliputi kelimpahan, komposisi jenis, keragaman, keseragaman, dan indeks dominasi zooplankton. Hasil analisis jumlah spesies zooplankton yang tertinggi dijumpai pada bulan September dan terendah pada bulan Mei. Indeks keragaman dan kelimpahan zooplankton pada Mei 2006 dan Januari 2007 berkisar antara 0 sampai dengan 2,2 dan 0,8 sampai dengan 21x103 ind.m-3. Indeks keseragaman bervariasi. Nilai yang tertinggi diperoleh pada bulan Januari (0,8 sampai dengan 1), sedangkan bulan Mei dan September 2006. Pada September dan Mei lebih bervariasi dengan kisaran nilai masing-masing 0,6 sampai dengan 1 dan 0,6 sampai dengan 0,9. Selanjutnya untuk dominasi jenis, terdapat 2 stasiun yaitu Sebokor (bulan Mei) dan Selat Cemara (bulan September), yang didominasi 1 jenis zooplankton. Research with aiming to know the community structure of zooplankton at the down stream of Musi Rivers was conducted in May and September 2006, and January 2007. The work was done with field survey method at nine sampling sites, that were set up by using purposive sampling method based on the difference an microhabitat. Samples for zooplankton were collected by using 10 l bucket to sample a total of 150 l of water, and the total volume of wals filtered by using plankton net. Parameters measured include the abundance, spesies composition, diversity, similarity, and dominance index of zooplankton. Results show that the highest number of zooplankton species was found in September while the lowest one was recorded in May. The diversity index and abundance zooplankton in May 2006 and January 2007 were between 0 until 2.2, and 0.8 until 21x103 ind.m-3, respectively. The similarity index varied. The highest value was recorded in january (0.8 until 1) while in may and september 2006 were 0.6 until 1 and 0.6 until 0.9, respectively. Zooplankton was dominanted sebokor and cemara sampling sites.