bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum sclerostin is negatively associated with insulin sensitivity in obese but not lean women
Authors: Aznou Anouar , Meijer Rick , van Raalte Daniel , den Heijer Martin , Heijboer Annemieke , de Jongh Renate
Published: January 2021

Objective

The mechanisms underlying the development of peripheral insulin resistance are complex. Several studies have linked sclerostin, an osteocyte-derived inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, to obesity and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate (1) whether serum sclerostin is associated with insulin sensitivity in lean and/or obese women; and (2) whether hyperinsulinaemia affects serum sclerostin concentrations.

Design

A cross-sectional study.

Methods

Insulin sensitivity was measured in lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) women using a hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp. Serum sclerostin was measured at baseline and during the clamp procedure.

Results

We studied 21 lean and 22 obese women with a median age of 40 and 43 years and a median BMI of 22.4 and 33.5 kg/m2, respectively. Obese women had higher serum sclerostin than lean women (122 ± 33 vs 93 ± 33 nmol/L, P < 0.01). Higher serum sclerostin was associated with lower insulin sensitivity in obese, but not in lean individuals (difference in M-value between highest and lowest quartile: −7.02 mg/kg/min, P = 0.03 and 1.59 mg/kg/min, P = 0.50, respectively). Hyperinsulinaemia did not affect serum sclerostin in lean nor obese women (P > 0.5).

Conclusion

Serum sclerostin is negatively associated with insulin sensitivity as measured with the hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp in obese, but not lean women. This indicates a potential role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in regulating insulin sensitivity particularly in obese individuals. Our findings remain hypothesis-generating and should be confirmed by additional studies.
DNAJC3 deficiency induces β-cell mitochondrial apoptosis and causes syndromic young-onset diabetes
Authors: Lytrivi Maria , Senée Valérie , Salpea Paraskevi , Fantuzzi Federica , Philippi Anne , Abdulkarim Baroj , Sawatani Toshiaki , Marín-Cañas Sandra , Pachera Nathalie , Degavre Anne , Singh Pratibha , Derbois Céline , Lechner Doris , Ladrière Laurence , Igoillo-Esteve Mariana , Cosentino Cristina , Marselli Lorella , Deleuze Jean-François , Marchetti Piero , Eizirik Décio L , Nicolino Marc , Chaussenot Annabelle , Julier Cécile , Cnop Miriam
Published: January 2021

Objective

DNAJC3, also known as P58IPK, is an Hsp40 family member that interacts with and inhibits PKR-like ER-localized eIF2α kinase (PERK). Dnajc3 deficiency in mice causes pancreatic β-cell loss and diabetes. Loss-of-function mutations in DNAJC3 cause early-onset diabetes and multisystemic neurodegeneration. The aim of our study was to investigate the genetic cause of early-onset syndromic diabetes in two unrelated patients, and elucidate the mechanisms of β-cell failure in this syndrome.

Methods

Whole exome sequencing was performed and identified variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. DNAJC3 was silenced by RNAi in INS-1E cells, primary rat β-cells, human islets, and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived β-cells. β-cell function and apoptosis were assessed, and potential mediators of apoptosis examined.

Results

The two patients presented with juvenile-onset diabetes, short stature, hypothyroidism, neurodegeneration, facial dysmorphism, hypoacusis, microcephaly and skeletal bone deformities. They were heterozygous compound and homozygous for novel loss-of-function mutations in DNAJC3. DNAJC3 silencing did not impair insulin content or secretion. Instead, the knockdown induced rat and human β-cell apoptosis and further sensitized cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress, triggering mitochondrial apoptosis via the pro-apoptototic Bcl-2 proteins BIM and PUMA.

Conclusions

This report confirms previously described features and expands the clinical spectrum of syndromic DNAJC3 diabetes, one of the five monogenic forms of diabetes pertaining to the PERK pathway of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. DNAJC3 deficiency may lead to β-cell loss through BIM- and PUMA-dependent activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis.
Construcción de cultura política propaz y ciudadanía en las prácticas comunicativas de dos colectivos de jóvenes de la localidad 18 Rafael Uribe Uribe. Estudio de casos
Authors: Delsar Roberto Gayón Tavera , Sandra Ximena Gallego Galvis , José Aladier Salinas Herrera , Juan Felipe Alzate Ponguta
Published: January 2021

La investigación se pregunta por las prácticas comunicativas de dos colectivos de jóvenes de la localidad Rafael Uribe Uribe para indagar los aportes en la construcción de cultura política propaz y los procesos educativos ciudadanos, diferentes a la cultura cívica promovida desde espacios tradicionales como lo educativo institucional, la familia y los medios. A partir del enfoque crítico de la comunicación, que estudia las prácticas sociales y la producción de sentido, la investigación abordó la construcción colectiva de sentidos puestos en juego en nuevas expresiones de lo político y de la ciudadanía en el espacio público local, mediáticos comunitarios y en la interacción que posibilitan las redes sociales digitales. En cuanto a la metodología se trabajó etnografía de la comunicación (mediante un estudio de casos) referida a las gramáticas de la producción, circulación de productos de la comunicación y condiciones de reconocimiento. Se desarrollaron tres etapas: contexto sociocultural, cartografía de las prácticas comunicativas, análisis y resultados. El trabajo investigativo tomó como objeto de estudio El colectivo Somos del Liceo Femenino Mercedes Nariño y el Colectivo Familia Sin Fronteras del colegio Clemencia Holguín de Urdaneta, Instituciones Educativas Distritales de la Localidad Rafael Uribe Uribe.
Ideología de género y triunfo del no en el plebiscito sobre los acuerdos de la habana: posverdad y banalización de la política
Authors: Sandra Marcela Lobo Ojeda , Alexander Torres Sanmiguel , Juan Carlos Córdoba Laguna
Published: January 2021

Varios de los acuerdos de La Habana, especialmente el punto relativo a las víctimas, incorporaron el enfoque de género, ante la realidad constatada que los conflictos armados no afectan por igual a hombres y mujeres. Desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial, hasta conflictos más recientes, como los del Congo, Ruanda, los Balcanes y el mismo conflicto colombiano, se ha hecho evidente que la guerra afecta en forma diferencial a los géneros. En el marco de la convocatoria a plebiscito, entre agosto y octubre de 2016, para refrendar los acuerdos de La Habana entre el gobierno y las FARC, ciertos sectores de cuño político y religioso instalaron un debate en torno a la presencia de la llamada “ideología de género” en los textos de los acuerdos, cuando lo que se enunciaba en ellos era un “enfoque diferencial”, orientado a reconocer y discriminar la vivencia del conflicto y la condición de víctima de la mujer, respecto de la del hombre. La investigación abordó la forma en que la ciudadanía estableció una diferencia entre lo enunciado en los acuerdos y lo difundido por los sectores opositores (mayoritariamente conservadores) a los acuerdos
Programa Radial Contraforma, el lado B del diseño
Authors: Ana Milena Castro Fernández
Published: January 2021

Contraforma, el Lado B del Diseño es un programa que se emite en Escenario Radio, emisora de la USTA, desde el 13 de marzo de 2020, que presenta la voz de los profesionales más reconocidos del diseño en el país y en América Latina, en una entrevista en la que se discuten y amplían temáticas fundamentales en la consolidación de la visión y discurso disciplinar especialmente de los estudiantes y en general, de los interesados en el diseño de todo nivel de formación. El desarrollo de las 36 ediciones del programa ha abierto la oportunidad de ampliar los diálogos de aula y reforzarlos con la voz de grandes profesionales. Como estrategia de difusión del conocimiento, Contraforma es una oportunidad de interacción con personas de todas las procedencias, que se interesan en el diseño y ello es fundamental en la consolidación de la cultura del diseño en el país y de la imagen del programa. Para su desarrollo, se surtieron las siguientes etapas: 1.- Concepto y Preproducción: Se presenta una propuesta a la emisora y a la decanatura, donde se recibieron comentarios que se implementaron al programa piloto. 2.- Producción: Se definió el nombre y se trabajó en la elaboración de un piloto y se integraron los elementos propios del programa como la presentación, las entradas de sección, se seleccionó la música incidental y se realizaron pruebas de locución. 3.- Realización: Mensualmente se hacen los contactos necesarios para los siguientes programas, buscando tratar temas diferentes cada vez.
Seminario internacional tendencias contemporáneas del derecho. Mediación de los sindicatos: alternativa para mitigar los efectos laborales del Covid-19
Authors: Liliana Andrea Vargas Espitia
Published: January 2021

Un sindicato es una asociación permanente de trabajadores cuyo fin es defender los derechos de los trabajadores y negociar con los empresarios para obtener unos mejores salarios y condiciones laborales. Es una asociación que defiende y promociona los intereses económicos, sociales y profesionales relacionados con la actividad profesional y laboral. La autonomía colectiva está compuesta por un conjunto de poderes o facultades, como: Poder de autoorganización del grupo y de autorregulación de su esfera de actuación interna. (autonomía sindical) Poder determinación autónoma de las condiciones de trabajo. (autonomía normativa) Poder de utilización de los medios de coacción propios (autotutela) Poder de realizar otras actividades en beneficio del colectivo organizado. Ahora bien, ¿Cómo pueden operar los sindicatos, a partir del nuevo modo de trabajo por la pandemia COVID-19? De manera general en esta contingencia puede con mayor razón garantizar los derechos del trabajador, tanto en salario, tiempo de horas laborales y garantías de ley que deben prestar y garantizar en los contratos laborales. Esta eventualidad es algo que nadie podía prever y claramente Colombia fue un país impactado, pero a raíz de esto se fortalecieron nuevas modalidades de trabajo como lo es el teletrabajo donde de esta manera se le garantiza al trabajador su protección personal y la de su familia garantizando de esta manera la canasta familiar de cada uno de ellos. igualmente obligo a los empresarios a desarrollar nuevos horizontes para sus negocios y un posible crecimiento. Los sindicatos pueden ser un inconveniente para el empleador en las nuevas medidas de trabajo empleadas por la contingencia del COVID-19, por que pueden estar obligando a mantener trabajos, que por necesidad ya no son requeridos, como trabajos de aseo, mantenimiento, entre otros. Lo que puede llevar a la liquidación de las empresas, dado que sus ingresos se han disminuido (como en la mayoría de los sectores de la economía). Para los trabajadores este efecto es de impacto negativo debido a que en ciertos casos se le vulneran derechos fundamentales, de igual manera la evolución acelerada hace que la tecnología reemplace cada vez más a los trabajadores.
Ponencia LACCEI
Authors: Clara Inés Jaramillo Gaviria , Adriana Páez Pino , Edwin Francisco Forero García
Published: January 2021

Las sociedades actuales directamente occidentales o ahora influidas por los modelos industriales y educativos que desarrollados e impuestos por occidente, están siendo confrontadas con ellas mismas desde su célula madre: el individuo. Cada día, la realidad de un entorno o una cultura obliga al ser humano diferente a levantar su mano y su voz en aras de explicar y hacer valer su diferencia, sin garantías de ser escuchado, es por esto que los procesos de formación de los seres humanos, tras haber vivido el auge de la especificación y sectorización académica del conocimiento, han tenido también que empezar a dar una vuelta de hoja a sí mismos, adoptando ángulos y estrategias coherentes con los individuos que reciben sus contenidos pero no para aplicarlos de manera mecánica sino precisamente para articularlos, estableciendo puntos de encuentro dinámicos que articulen los conceptos y las sociedades, potenciando los estilos de vida de los habitantes y usuarios de cada lugar de nuestro planeta, con sus diversos climas y suelos, con sus propias abundancias y carencias, a través de la estimulación de la aprendiencia y la gestión de sistemas educativos autopoiéticos, cuyo sostenimiento implique la reciprocidad entre lo brindado al aprendiente y su hábitat. Keywords— Biopedagogía, autopoiesis, aprendiente, aprendiencia, interacciones, autogestión, autoorganización.
Ponencia V Congreso UGC
Authors: Clara Inés Jaramillo Gaviria , Carlos Eduardo Álvarez Martínez
Published: January 2021

Desde la experiencia de los cursos de lectoescritura en la USTA, podemos ratificar la idea de que la modalidad virtual no es opuesta a la presencial. Las aulas virtuales articulan los conceptos y destrezas aprendidas en las horas de trabajo presencial con las horas de trabajo independiente del estudiante. Las aulas virtuales permiten repasar, relacionar y reforzar los contenidos para luego ser aplicados en el contexto de la Educación Superior a través de ejercicios y lecturas especializadas. De la misma forma es necesario que los docentes trabajen en equipo con la oficina de Educación Virtual y sean asesorados por esta, con el fin de hacer un seguimiento del uso real de las aulas virtuales e implementar planes de mejora que enriquezcan los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as a primary bariatric procedure: postoperative outcomes
Authors: Mocian Flavius , Coroș Marius
Published: January 2021

Background and aims. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is at present the most popular bariatric procedure due to its significant effect on weight loss, resolution of comorbidities and improvement in the quality of life. However, there are not many studies showing its medium and long term efficacy and safety in Eastern Europe. We aim to report the outcomes of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as a primary bariatric procedure from a single surgical department.

Methods. This is a retrospective analysis of obese patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy between 2009 - 2016 in our department. Outcomes were analyzed in terms of weight loss, comorbidity resolution and quality of life changes.

Results. A number of 70 patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 47.6 ± 9.8 years. Mean initial Body Mass Index was 47.4 ± 6.4 kg/m2. The mean percentage of excess weight loss during follow-up was 78.2% at 12 months, 80.2%, 76.7%, 74.7%, 72.8%, 73.3%, 74.1%, 67.2%, 64.07%, 69.7% at 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108 and 120 months, respectively. Weight regain occurred in 61 (87.1%) patients during the postoperative period. The mean weight regained was 8.1 ± 4.8 kg at 24 months postoperatively. Regarding the quality of life, 83% of patients declared an increase in self-esteem. Resolution of diabetes, arterial hypertension, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome occurred in 80%, 42.5% and 70.1% of patients respectively.

Conclusions. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is an effective procedure, with good outcomes in the medium and long term, although a tendency for weight regain was noted after 2 years. Resolution of comorbidities is comparable with that reported in the literature, namely an improvement of the quality of life.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates With Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia Treated With Diazoxide
Authors: Keyes Madeline L. , Healy Helen , Sparger Katherine A. , Orth Lucas E. , Geha Mayya , Roumiantsev Sergei , Matute Juan D.
Published: January 2021

The most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in the neonatal period is hyperinsulinism. Severe, refractory hypoglycemia resulting from hyperinsulinism can lead to significant brain injury and permanent cognitive disability. Diazoxide is the first-line and only US Food and Drug Administration–approved, pharmacologic treatment for refractory hyperinsulinism. In recent years, the use of diazoxide in neonates with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia has increased in the United States. Known adverse effects of diazoxide include fluid retention, hypertrichosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and more recently, pulmonary hypertension. It is currently unknown if diazoxide exposure is associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates. We reviewed the cases of 24 patients in a level IV NICU at Massachusetts General Hospital who received diazoxide over 12 years (April 2006–April 2018). All 24 patients received enteral diazoxide for refractory hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. A total of 5 patients developed NEC after initiation of diazoxide based on clinical and radiographic findings, corresponding to 20% of infants exposed to diazoxide. This is above our baseline incidence of NEC (1% for all inborn infants and 6% for all inborn very low birth weight infants). More research and monitoring are necessary to characterize the potential risk of NEC associated with the use of diazoxide in the neonatal period.
Determination of risk predictors of statokinetic development delay and polymorphism of GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTM1, ACE, AGT2R1 AND ENOS genes in premature children with very low and extremely low birth weight
Authors:   Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, Poltava, Ukraine, Pokhilko V.I. , Kozakevich E.B. ,   Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, Poltava, Ukraine, Kozakevich V.K. ,   Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, Poltava, Ukraine, Zyuzina L.S. ,   Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, Poltava, Ukraine, Melashchenko E.I. ,   Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, Poltava, Ukraine
Published: January 2021

World statistics and scientific research show that premature birth of children is accompanied by a high risk of not only somatic, but also neurological pathology and mental disorders development. Therefore, the clinical prognostic model development for the research of delayed infant statokinetic development, which was born prematurely, may be the basis for creating a preventive program of early intervention. Purpose — to determine the clinical and genetic delayed statokinetic development formation determinants of children born with a body weight less than 1500 g; to develop an algorithm for early prediction of adverse effects. Materials and methods. A cohort prospective study was conducted, which included 155 children with very low and extremely low body weight. Their statokinetic development at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months of adjusted age was studied and the determinants were established. Genetic methods included studies of the GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTM1, ACE, AGT2R1, and eNOS genes polymorphism. Results. It was defined that at 24 months of adjusted age 19% have delayed statokinetic development, at 36 months — 16% of examined children have very low and extremely low body weight. Important predictors that contribute a delayed statokinetic development were severe intraventricular hemorrhages, anemia in the second year of life, significant delay in physical development at 6 months and socio-economic status of the family. The greatest delay in the motor sphere was found in children with a dominant genetic model (GG+AG vs. AA) of the GSTP1 gene. Conclusions. The developed model for predicting motor developmental delay at an early age has a high specificity (92.44%) and moderate sensitivity (53.33%), which indicates the possibility of its use for forecasting and personalized method of treatment. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of these Institutes. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: prediction, statokinetic development, very low body weight, extremely low body weight, premature babies, premature infants.
Modern solution to the problem of pain relief in newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors:   MI «Dnepropetrovsk Regional Children's Clinical Hospital» DRC», Dnipro, Ukraine, Vlasov O.O.
Published: January 2021

To date, there is no doubt that newborns feel pain. They have short-term and long-term effects of pain, which include disorders of neurological and behavioral development. The perception of pain requires the functioning of the anatomical structures through which the impulse enters the central nervous system, and the neuroendocrine system, which provides the body's response to pain. Diagnosis of pain in newborns is made by assessing the behavioral, physiological and hormonal responses that occur in response to a painful stimulus. Among the three most common pain assessment scales, the PIPP scale is used more often, one of the significant advantages of which is taking into account the degree of maturity and the term of birth of the child, together with the assessment of behavioral responses, physiological parameters (heart rate, oxygen saturation ), the work of facial muscles. Modern strategies for the treatment of acute pain are based on the concept of multimodal analgesia, the main idea of which is to increase the effectiveness of analgesics while reducing the incidence of side effects, using drugs of different groups with different points of application. Interventions to control neonatal pain can be both non-pharmacological and pharmacological. In the case of a relatively stable condition of a patient with necrotizing enterocolitis, the preoperative stage of anesthetic management should be focused on assessing and adjusting the respiratory, circulatory and metabolic status, as well as on the assessment and correction of current hematological and coagulation disorders as an integral part of the above actions. In the case of suspected or therapeutic necrotizing enterocolitis, the main therapeutic interventions should be aimed at creating conditions for the so-called «rest» for the intestine, its decompression and the appointment of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Therefore, anesthetic management of necrotizing enterocolitis is the need to continue the current intensive care and resuscitation, which is especially useful in cases where a critically ill newborn needs vital rescue surgery. No conflict of interest was declared by the author. Key words: pain, newborns, analgesia, necrotizing enterocolitis.
A Survey on Daylighting Education in Italian Universities. Knowledge of Standards, Metrics and Simulation Tools
Authors:   Politecnico di Torino, Department of Energy ‘Galileo Ferraris’, TEBE Research Group, corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy, Lo Verso V. R. M. , Giuliani F. ,   University “Niccolò Cusano”, Faculty of Engineering, Via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166, Rome, Italy, Caffaro F. ,   University of Roma Tre, Department of Education, via del Castro Pretorio, 20, 00185, Rome, Italy, Basile F. ,   Politecnico di Torino, Department of Energy ‘Galileo Ferraris’, corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy, Peron F. ,   Department of Architecture and Arts, IUAV University of Venice, Dorsoduro 2206, 30123 Venezia, Italy, Mora T. Dalla ,   Department of Architecture and Arts, IUAV University of Venice, Dorsoduro 2206, 30123 Venezia, Italy, Bellia L. ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples “Federico II”, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy, Fragliasso F. ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples “Federico II”, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy, Beccali M. ,   Department of Architecture, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo PA, Italy, Bonomolo M. ,   Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo PA, Italy, Nocera F. ,   Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, IT, Costanzo V. ,   Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, IT
Published: January 2021

Daylighting is a strategic topic to achieve sustainable buildings, so it is more and more imperative that it is implemented in architecture curricula to prepare a new generation of daylighting-oriented practitioners. In this frame, the DAYKE project (Daylight Knowledge in Europe) was set up to explore the level of knowledge about daylighting among European professionals and students. DAYKE-Europe was replicated as DAYKE-Italy to study the knowledge of daylight standards, metrics and software among Italian architecture students, and to compare it to that observed within DAYKE-Europe. A sample of 542 questionnaires were collected in five universities. Primary outcomes were: (i) a general low level of knowledge on daylighting was observed; the most cited metrics were the average daylight factor and the geometrical window-to-floor ratio, while climate-based daylight metrics were rarely mentioned; (ii) master science M.Sc. students reported more knowledge on daylight metrics and regulations than bachelor B.Sc. students, while the implementation of daylight metrics and strategies in projects was mainly deficient among B.Sc. students; (iii) compared to European students (DAYKE-Europe), Italian students showed a higher knowledge of daylight metrics and software (especially as for M.Sc. students), while the opposite was observed for standards, regulations and protocols. Based on the results, a reconsideration of daylight education in architecture curricula is recommended.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Daring dengan Menggunakan E-learning Madrasah Terhadap Optimalisasi Pemahaman Matematika Siswa
Authors: Sutini Sutini , Mushofan Mohammad , Ilmia Aizza , Yanti Anisa Dwi , Rizky Annisa Nur , Lailiyah Siti
Published: January 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the government was requiring to be able to implement a learning system by the applicable health protocol. Based on this, the government must change the learning system from face-to-face meetings to online learning. Technology that is rapidly growing can be advantaged to fully support the online learning process so that the Ministry of Religion Affairs makes an innovation, namely e-learning madrasah media for simplifying the online learning process for all madrasah in Indonesia. This study aims to make readers know the level of effectiveness of online learning using madrasah e-learning to optimize the student understanding of mathematics. This study used a survey method that was conducted online with a quantitative descriptive research type. The results are that online mathematics learning activities using e-learning madrasah are quite efficient, considering that there are still constraints on the ownership of students' equipment and inadequate internet networks, and students are not maximal in absorbing the material provided. However, the advantages we found were the full support provided by the school, teachers, and parents for ongoing learning. Also, learning mathematics using madrasah e-learning is efficient and flexible so that students can carry out learning well.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation Menggunakan Media Suling
Authors: Cahayu Kristiana , Hariyani Sri , Dinulloh Riski Nur Istiqomah
Published: January 2021

This study aims to describe the steps of Group Investigation learning using suling media that can improve the learning outcomes of students. Group Investigation learning has six steps have identifying topics and organizing into groups, planning the investigation, carrying out the investigating, preparing the final report, presenting the final result, and evaluating. The research is a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used are tests, observations, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of data used: data reduction, data presentation, and withdrawal of conclusions. The validity of data is the perseverance of observer, triangulation, and peer inspection. This research can improve student learning outcomes. This result shows the percentage of student learning outcomes in the pra cycle amounting to 48% that has a rate of 75 and increased during the first cycle with 80%. The result of teacher observation is 89.28%, while the students’ is 78.57%. Based on the results of interviews conducted on four students who were the subject of interviews, one of which didn’t increase learning outcome, but liked suling media when interviewed.
Potensi Masjid Syuhada-Kota Yogyakarta Sebagai Bangunan Cagar Budaya
Authors: Safitri Laksmi Eko
Published: January 2021

This study aims to explain the potential of the Syuhada Mosque as a cultural heritage building in Yogyakarta. This study uses a qualitative research method based on a literature review on the History of the Syuhada Mosque by Kumoro (2019), Constitution Number 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Heritage and Regional Regulations of the Special Province of Yogyakarta, especially Number 6 of 2012 concerning Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Cultural Heritage. The results of this study are (1) The history of the construction of the Mosque of Syuhada in 1950-1952 is closely related to the location and history of the struggle of Indonesia in maintaining independence after the relocation of the capital to Yogyakarta, (2) The Syuhada Mosque has the potential to be a cultural heritage building in Yogyakarta because it is in accordance with the contents of (a) Constitution Number 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Heritage: Article 1 (number 1), Article 1 (number 3), Article 1 (number 18), and Article 5 and (b) Regional Regulation of the Special Province of Yogyakarta Number 6 of 2012 concerning Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Cultural Heritage: Article 12. Overall, it can be seen that the establishment of the Syuhada Mosque building in Yogyakarta Mayor Decree Number 297 of 2019 related to the Cultural Heritage of the City of Yogyakarta means that the status of the Syuhada Mosque as a list of the Cultural Heritage of the Special Region of Yogyakarta deserves to be upgraded to the Cultural Heritage Building.
Campur Kode Ceramah Ustadzah Mumpuni Handayani: Analisis Sosiolinguistik
Authors: Rumilah Siti , Linda Intan Ayu
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the use of code mixing in the video study of Ustazah Mumpuni Handayayekti by using the analysis of sociolinguistic theories. The results of this study are using mixed code in lecturing Ustadzah Mumpuni Handayayekti into the use of: (1) mixed code of Javanese word forms, (2) mixed code of Javanese clause form codes, (3) mixed code of Balinese word forms, and (4) mixed code phrase of Javanese language. In addition, mixing the code out on the use (1) mixed form codes for Arabic clauses, (2) mixed form codes for Arabic words, (3) mixed form codes for Arabic phrases, and (4) mixed form codes for Indonesian words. Mixing the code in and mixing the code out used by Ustadzah Mumpuni Handayayekti in his lecture, shows that he is a multilingual speaker and can use variations of language well in the right context.
Struktur Formula dan Ekpresi Formulaik dalam Tradisi Mamaca di Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Rifa’i Ahmad
Published: January 2021

The objective of this research are describing about: formula and formulaic expression Mamaca tradition in Bondowoso. This research is descriptive-qualitative research. The research data sources are (1) the process of Mamaca, (2) informant, and (3) documentation. The research result showed, the formula which is obtained in Mamaca tradition, are line connection and poetry concept formula. Formulaic expressions are translating process of tokang tegges and poetry concept based on rhyme and purwakanthi.
Nilai-nilai Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Pandalungan: Kasus Upacara Taropan di Probolinggo
Authors: Tjahyadi Indra , Wafa Hosnol , Zamroni Moh.
Published: January 2021

This study focuses on the values of the local wisdom of hybrid Probolinggo community. The material object in this study is Taropan Ceremony. Taropan is a tradition carried out by the people of Probolinggo. The method used in this research is ethnographic method through data collection interviews, observations, and literature studies. The results of this study note that Taropan exclusively happens only for the people of Probolinggo. The values of local wisdom in Taropan include (1) the values of brotherhood and (2) the value of religiosity. Overall, it can be seen that the values in Taropan are the fundamental element of the local wisdom values of Probolinggo, especially Pandalungan community that has a hybrid identity which are a mixture of Javanese and Madura wisdom values.
Academic Discourse in Western Research at the Turn of the 21st Century: Evolution of Approaches and Concepts
Authors: Stebletsova Anna
Published: January 2021

This review paper discusses the concept of academic discourse as one of the most rapidly developing branches in contemporary linguistic research. The objective of the review was to observe and analyze basic paradigms and approaches to academic discourse in applied linguistics, genre analysis and discourse analysis developed by British, American and European linguists and examine academic discourse issues. The timeline of the review includes three periods from the middle of the 20 th century to the present. The focus on the Anglophone literature is determined by the historical interrelation between academic discourse research and English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and by an increase of national research of academic discourse and EAP. The review demonstrates evolution of academic discourse research approaches according to the time periods and domineering concepts. The review results demonstrate the contribution of Swales' genre analysis approach to the development of academic discourse research and learning. The author indicates that current research into academic discourse obviously has a cross-disciplinary trend and is based on the combination of comparative analysis and corpus linguistics methods. The author makes a conclusion that this trend will remain a significant part of academic discourse investigation and results in an increase of national publications addressing the academic discourse issues.
The Unified Image of the Soviet Woman in Wartime Newspaper Discourse Markers
Authors: Amirov Valery
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the article is to study the system of lexical markers, characteristic of female image formation in the Soviet media of the Great Patriotic War period. Critical discourse analysis method is applied to investigating the leading Soviet newspapers publications devoted to the role of women in the Great Patriotic War. In total over 300 publications issued during 1941–1943 were selected for analysis according to keywords and thematic relevance. The system of lexical markers, comprising the unified female image creation ways, is defined and analyzed. Ideology domination and militarization are noted to have been essential for unified image formation in the Soviet newspaper discourse of the Great Patriotic War period. The paper reveals the markers that reflect the dynamics of female image transformation: from a rear toiler replacing the man who had left for the front in the first period, to the soldier, the woman capable of taking the place of the fallen fighter in next war period. Classification and description of the markers are presented. The author points out, that the unified image is viewed as the 'image-function' deprived of characteristic female features, traditionally represented in journalistic texts. A conclusion is drawn upon designing the unified 'image-function': it was worked out only pursuing propaganda goals, with the main one – mobilization of women on fight against the enemy threatening the very existence of the state.
Akademisity’ of Russian Research Medical Papers: Means of Realization and Specific Aspects of Manifestation
Authors: Torubarova Irina
Published: January 2021

The article discusses specific aspects of scientific papers on medical research. The author supposes that in the Russian scientific discourse on medicine its specificity is manifested in the combination of lexical, grammatical and stylistic means, their coordination in the text is considered as one basic property of research paper genre in medical discourse, named 'akademisity'. Having analyzed the medical corpus (full-text medical articles published in the peer-reviewed scientific and practical journal "Bulletin of Siberian Medicine"), the researcher determined the coefficient of lexical diversity, lexical, grammatical and stylistic means of 'akademisity'. Quantitative analysis of these parameters shows that Russian-language texts demonstrate a higher coefficient of lexical diversity and contain more unique lexemes compared to texts of the English-language corpus. Scientific papers are characterized by a relatively low level of the use of first-person pronouns, which indicates that the researchers' position is not actively expressed in the papers. Other aspects that are considered to be manifestations of the academic style in the texts of the Russian-speaking authors are as follows: the use of a significant number of adjectives and international character of the texts due to the presence of a large number of cognate words. In general, it is noted that academic style is manifested at all levels of text organization. The research results have certain practical application, since the knowledge of the properties of the academic style will help healthcare professionals to create high-quality articles for presentation of the results of their research.
Armed Revolt in Moscow in December, 1905 in the Mirror of Original Russian Paremiology Adaptation
Authors: Zagrebelnyy Artur
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the article is to display some results of linguistic analysis of proverb adaptation motivated by the armed revolt in Moscow in December, 1905. The novelty of the research is that the adapted proverbs Moscow is not beautiful for its houses, but it is beautiful for its blood traces and Moscow brings no damage to Dubasov were chosen for the first time as objects of analysis in historical and cultural aspects by the method of historically distanced adapted proverb analysis, developed and approved by the author. The research method comprises elements of componential,contextual, logical and semiotic analysisalong with the dictionary definition interpretations. The article states the following results: original proverbal sources for cultural transformation may be stated as identification potential of the adapted proverbs by establishing a prototypical comparison system based on structural model similarity and assigning both adapted and proverbal phrases in Russian to one of the four highest logical and semiotic invariant groups; the method of historically distanced adapted proverb analysiscontributes to defining extralinguistic factors which caused formation of new language units; the judgments expressed by the adapted proverbs under studies were formulated; the types of adapted proverbs were singled out.The further studies of adapted paremiologymotivated by social and political events in 1905–1907 Russia might be considered as research prospects with compliancy of adapted paremiology dictionary for the period of the first Russian revolution.
Classification, analysis and prevention of phonetic mistakes made by Chinese learners of English language
Authors: Polunina Tatyana
Published: January 2021

This article is intended for English language professors working with junior Chinese students. The publication is devoted to the classification, analysis and prevention of phonetic mistakes made by students from China. The author defines the concept of "error", highlights the typical types of errors, presents their classification in the speech of students from China, and also emphasizes the special importance of teaching them English phonetics. The purpose of the article is to prevent common mistakes in the spoken language of Chinese students, to identify the main reasons for mistakes, to correct and prevent them. The author compares two language systems – English and Chinese. The impact of language interference is substantiated in the article. Particular focus is put on the task faced by the professor – to provide students with practical assistance in the development of their oral speech skills in the English language.
CRIMINALIDADE NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO (RJ) As influências das políticas públicas e as relações a curto e longo prazos
Authors: Pio João Gabriel , Brito Ana Carolina Santos , Gomes Alexandre Lopes
Published: January 2021

O Rio de Janeiro (RJ) é um município que apresenta um dos maiores índices de criminalidade do Brasil. No entanto, a partir dos anos 2000, observou-se uma redução significativa nas taxas de crimes letais. Diante desse cenário, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os fatores que determinaram esse fenômeno. Entre eles, busca-se avaliar os efeitos da Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora (UPP). Para tal, foi utilizado o método estatístico vetor de correção de erros (VEC). Por meio do estudo, foi possível analisar as relações a curto e longo prazos existentes entre as taxas de criminalidade com variáveis associadas à atividade econômica e a ação da polícia. O conjunto de dados utilizados compreende o período entre abril 2002 e agosto de 2019. Os principais resultados indicam que a implantação das UPPs contribuiu para a redução dos crimes letais no município do Rio de Janeiro. Ademais, os resultados apontam que a ação coerciva da polícia tende a aumentar as taxas de criminalidade.
Fragilidad y úlceras por presión en personas mayores institucionalizadas
Authors: Santamaría Peláez Mirian , González Bernal Jerónimo , González Santos Josefa , Soto Cámara Raúl
Published: January 2021

Investigación transversal y de tipo descriptivo para estudiar la relación entre la situación de fragilidad de las personas mayores institucionalizadasyla presencia de úlceras por presión yel riesgo desufrirlas;en una muestra de 194 participantes. La presencia de úlceras por presión se recoge a través de un registro ad hoc, el riesgo de padecer úlceras por presión se mide con la escala de Norton y la fragilidad se con la herramienta Short Physical Performance Battery; ambos instrumentos con buenas propiedades psicométricas. Los resultados no muestran relación significativa entre los grupos de fragilidad y la presencia de UPP, aunque resulta destacable la no existencia de ninguna persona con úlceras por presión en los grupos de personas robustas y prefrágiles; así, todas las personas que presentan úlceras por presión se catalogan como frágiles (21,4%) o dependientes (78,6%). Sin embargo, sí que existen diferencias significativas entre los grupos de fragilidad que establece el Short Physical Performance Battery y el riesgo de úlceras por presión entre todos los grupos de fragilidad (,060 mayor que p mayor que ,001) excepto en la relación prefrágil-robusto. Además, aparece una correlación positiva entre el riesgo de úlceras por presión y la situación de fragilidad, de forma que a mayor riesgo de UPP, existe mayor situación de fragilidad y/o dependencia.  Los resultados obtenidos permiten la detección de la población con mayor riesgo de úlceras por presión, lo que posibilitaría implementar intervenciones precoces encaminadas a la prevención de las mismas en base a las diferencias encontradas entre los grupos.
Self-efficacy for physical activity of people over 65
Authors: López Alonso Silvia
Published: January 2021

Los profesionales e investigadores que estudian la atención que reciben las personas mayores de 65 años apuestan por los beneficios de la actividad física para mejorar la calidad de vida. Sin embargo, sus análisis y trabajo de campo muestran tasas de implicación muy bajas de este grupo en los programas de actividad física, una gran reticencia a participar y, cuando se realiza, esta conducta apenas se mantiene en el tiempo. Es bien sabido que la autoeficacia es relevante para llevar a cabo una acción, pero no hay evidencia que sugiera que lo mismo sea cierto para la actividad física. Este estudio tiene como objetivo averiguar si la autoeficacia mejora la actitud de las personas mayores hacia la actividad física; definir la autoeficacia como constructo; diseñar y validar una escala de autoeficacia en actividad física para personas mayores de 65 años; analizar la respuesta de una muestra representativa de valencianos mayores de 65 años a este constructo; y averiguar si el sexo y la edad influyen en la autoeficacia en relación con la actividad física.
El método Singapur para el aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Enfoque y concreción de un estilo de aprendizaje
Authors: Zapatera Linares Alberto
Published: January 2021

Los excelentes resultados obtenidos por Singapur en las últimas pruebas PISA 2015 y TIMMS 2015, han provocado un gran interés por el denominado Método Singapur de aprendizaje de las matemáticas. El marco curricular de Singapur tiene como centro de aprendizaje la resolución de problemas matemáticos y se basa en cuatro aspectos fundamentales: el enfoque CPA (concreto - pictórico - abstracto), el currículo en espiral, las variaciones sistemática y perceptual y la comprensión relacional. Estos aspectos se fundamentan en las ideas de Jerome Bruner, Zoltan Dienes y Richard Skemp. En este trabajo, tras presentar el sistema educativo de Singapur y el marco curricular, se estudian las aportaciones de estos autores y sus concreciones en el Método Singapur y se extraen una serie de conclusiones para su adaptación.
The State of Mechanical Engineering in the Modern Russian Economy
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Bozo Natalia ,   Kryachkov Novosibirsk State University of Architecture, Design and Arts, Russian Federation, Malysheva Ekaterina ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Filatyeva Nadezhda ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Machine building is a leading industry in advanced countries. It provides many industries with machines and equipment as it is the main link in the system of intersectoral linkages. Innovations in engineering create the basis for increasing production and qualitative changes in the structure of industry, that creates a synergistic effect for the economy as a whole. Thus, it secures full employment for highly skilled employees, promotes the growth of the level of educational background of the population and contributes to the development of the scientific and technological potential of the country. However, underinvestment in innovation technologies and processes, a limited character of the import substitution model and an insufficient support of the export model greatly hinder rapid and effective development of the machine-building industry. Specific peculiarities of the machine building development such as R&D intensity, labor intensity, and the intensity of metal use, the need in cooperation and consumer orientation influence their geographic location. Despite the decline in the number of enterprises and employment in the machine-building industry, the industry’s contribution to the GVA is stable. At the same time, the state’s interest in the development of all sectors with high added value will influence the future of engineering. In statistics innovative activity in mechanical engineering began to be considered relatively recently. The highest rates of innovation are high-tech engineering. The state’s share in supporting innovation in both manufacturing and engineering is increasing. The coefficients of specialization are calculated for all Federal districts and each of the 85 subjects of the Federation for the period from 2007 to 2017. Calculations were carried out for all types of economic activity, according to the classifier of OKVED. The specialization industries for each of the regions are identified. The group of regions where engineering is concentrated is defined. These 19 regions did not change their industry of specialization during the analyzed period from 2008 to 2017.