bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Graph Neural Networks as a Potential Tool in Improving Virtual Screening Programs
Authors: Alves Luiz Anastacio , Ferreira Natiele Carla da Silva , Maricato Victor , Alberto Anael Viana Pinto , Dias Evellyn Araujo , Jose Aguiar Coelho Nt
Published: January 2022

Despite the increasing number of pharmaceutical companies, university laboratories and funding, less than one percent of initially researched drugs enter the commercial market. In this context, virtual screening (VS) has gained much attention due to several advantages, including timesaving, reduced reagent and consumable costs and the performance of selective analyses regarding the affinity between test molecules and pharmacological targets. Currently, VS is based mainly on algorithms that apply physical and chemistry principles and quantum mechanics to estimate molecule affinities and conformations, among others. Nevertheless, VS has not reached the expected results concerning the improvement of market-approved drugs, comprising less than twenty drugs that have reached this goal to date. In this context, graph neural networks (GNN), a recent deep-learning subtype, may comprise a powerful tool to improve VS results concerning natural products that may be used both simultaneously with standard algorithms or isolated. This review discusses the pros and cons of GNN applied to VS and the future perspectives of this learnable algorithm, which may revolutionize drug discovery if certain obstacles concerning spatial coordinates and adequate datasets, among others, can be overcome.
Pacemaker and Atrioventricular Junction Ablation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation—A Systematic Review of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Chi , Wang Xi-Ying , Lou Lian , Zhang Xuan , Chen Le-Le , Chen Yu-Xiao , Yang Jian
Published: January 2022

Background

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) could be considered for heart failure (HF) patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) unless a potent ventricular capture strategy is conducted. However, the benefit of a pacemaker (PM; as part of CRT) in patients with AF and whether atrioventricular junction (or nodal) ablation (AVAB) can improve the prognosis of these patients compared with those treated medically to support ventricular capture are unclear.

Methods and Results

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the roles of PMs and AVAB in patients with AF were obtained in a search of the PubMed, Embase, and Medline databases and then analyzed with respect to the following outcomes: mortality, left ventricular ejection fraction, and clinical findings including the New York Heart Association class, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), quality of life as assessed in a specific questionnaire, and response to CRT. The quality of the included reviews was assessed using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 tool, which includes 16 items. This study was finally based on 13 systematic reviews or meta-analyses. The results showed that patients with AF have higher all-cause mortality rates compared with patients with sinus rhythm and that AVAB can reduce all-cause mortality in patients with AF. Although the functional improvement was better in sinus rhythm than in patients with AF, in the latter, AVAB increased the 6MWD and reduced the CRT nonresponse rate in patients with AF.

Conclusion

Atrial fibrillation is associated with a higher all-cause mortality rate in patients with CRT implantation. AVAB, by increasing the 6MWD and survival, can improve the prognosis of these patients.
Distribution Characteristics of Long-Chain Branched Alkanes With Quaternary Carbon Atoms in the Carboniferous Shales of the Wuwei Basin, China
Authors: Xu Li , Wang Jiangong
Published: January 2022

The branched alkanes with quaternary carbon atoms (BAQCs) and monomethylakanes (MMAs), cycloalkanes, monoethylalkanes (MEAs) have been detected by GC-MS in the saturated hydrocarbons fractions of Carboniferous black shale from the Wuwei Basin in northwest China. Nine series of BAQCs (series A-I) are present in Carboniferous black shale, which are concomitant with two series of long-chain cycloalkanes, two series of MMAs and one series of MEAs. All of these series are expressed as exclusively odd or exclusively even carbon numbers with consistent changes of abundance in the samples, meanwhile, based on the analysis of basic geochemical characteristics and other biomarkers of the samples, we presume that it possessed a similar parent materials or evolutionary process and weak oxidation-reduction sedimentation environments. In addition, the results show that the abundance of the long-chain branched alkanes is highly correlated with the odd-even predominances (OEP (15–19)) of the short-chain n-alkane. The lower the OEP (15–19) values of the short-chain n-alkane are (more significant the even-carbon dominance), the higher the abundance of the long-chain branched alkanes. The significant even-carbon dominance of the short-chain n-alkanes indicates the strong input of archaea or algal organic matter. The relatively wide occurrence and high abundance of these alkanes suggests a relationship with specific paleoenvironment and paleoclimate conditions.
Gene Structure Analysis of Chemokines and Their Receptors in Allotetraploid Frog, Xenopus laevis
Authors: Fukui Akimasa , Matsunami Masatoshi
Published: January 2022

Chemokines, relatively small secreted proteins, are involved in cell migration and function in various biological events, including immunity, morphogenesis, and disease. Due to their nature, chemokines tend to be a target of hijacking of immunity by virus and therefore show an exceptionally high mutation rate. Xenopus laevis is considered an excellent model to investigate the effect of whole-genome duplication for gene family evolution. Because its allotetraploidization occurred around 17–18 million years ago, ancestral subgenomes L and S were well conserved. Based on the gene model of human and diploid frog Xenopus tropicalis, we identified 52 chemokine genes and 26 chemokine receptors in X. laevis. The retention rate of the gene in the X. laevis L and S subgenomes was 96% (45/47) and 68% (32/47), respectively. We conducted molecular phylogenetic analysis and found clear orthologies in all receptor genes but not in the ligand genes, suggesting rapid divergences of the ligand. dN/dS calculation demonstrated that dN/dS ratio greater than one was observed in the four ligand genes, cxcl8b.1.S, cxcl18.S, ccl21.S, and xcl1.L, but nothing in receptor genes. These results revealed that the whole-genome duplication promotes diversification of chemokine ligands in X. laevis while conserving the genes necessary for homeostasis, suggesting that selective pressure also supports a rapid divergence of the chemokines in amphibians.
Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans
Authors: Mead Edward A. , Boulghassoul-Pietrzykowska Nadia , Wang Yongping , Anees Onaiza , Kinstlinger Noah S. , Lee Maximillian , Hamza Shireen , Feng Yaping , Pietrzykowski Andrzej Z.
Published: January 2022

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. Considering the widespread occurrence of AUD, a reliable, cheap, non-invasive biomarker of alcohol consumption is desired by healthcare providers, clinicians, researchers, public health and criminal justice officials. microRNAs could serve as such biomarkers. They are easily detectable in saliva, which can be sampled from individuals in a non-invasive manner. Moreover, microRNAs expression is dynamically regulated by environmental factors, including alcohol. Since excessive alcohol consumption is a hallmark of alcohol abuse, we have profiled microRNA expression in the saliva of chronic, heavy alcohol abusers using microRNA microarrays. We observed significant changes in salivary microRNA expression caused by excessive alcohol consumption. These changes fell into three categories: downregulated microRNAs, upregulated microRNAs, and microRNAs upregulated de novo. Analysis of these combinatorial changes in microRNA expression suggests dysregulation of specific biological pathways leading to impairment of the immune system and development of several types of epithelial cancer. Moreover, some of the altered microRNAs are also modulators of inflammation, suggesting their contribution to pro-inflammatory mechanisms of alcohol actions. Establishment of the cellular source of microRNAs in saliva corroborated these results. We determined that most of the microRNAs in saliva come from two types of cells: leukocytes involved in immune responses and inflammation, and buccal cells, involved in development of epithelial, oral cancers. In summary, we propose that microRNA profiling in saliva can be a useful, non-invasive biomarker allowing the monitoring of alcohol abuse, as well as alcohol-related inflammation and early detection of cancer.
Development of Personalized Signature Based on the Immune Landscape to Predict the Prognosis of Osteosarcoma and the Response to Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy
Authors: Feng Xiaofei , Zhao Zhenrui , Zhao Yuhao , Song Zhengdong , Ma Yao , Wang Wenji
Published: January 2022

As a heterogeneous and aggressive disease, osteosarcoma (OS) faces great challenges to prognosis and individualized treatment. Hence, we explore the role of immune-related genes in predicting prognosis and responsiveness to immunotherapy and targeted therapies in patients with OS based on the immunological landscape of osteosarcoma. Based on the database of the Therapeutical Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET), single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to obtain the enrichment scores of 29 immune characteristics. A series of bioinformatics methods were performed to construct the immune-related prognostic signature (IRPS). Gene set enrichment analysis and gene set variation analysis were used to explore the biological functions of IRPS. We also analyzed the relationship between IRPS and tumor microenvironment. Lastly, the reactivity of IRPS to immune checkpoint therapy and targeted drugs was explored. The ssGSEA algorithm was used to define two immune subtypes, namely Immunity_High and Immunity_Low. Immunity_High was associated with a good prognosis and was an independent prognostic factor of OS. The IRPS containing 7 genes was constructed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression. The IRPS can divide patients into low- and high-risk patients. Compared with high-risk patients, low-risk patients had a better prognosis and were positively correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune function. Low-risk patients benefited more from immunotherapy, and the sensitivity of targeted drugs in high- and low-risk groups was determined. IRPS can be used to predict the prognosis of OS patients, and provide therapeutic responsiveness to immunotherapy and targeted therapy.
Lifetime History of Concussion Among Youth With ADHD Presenting to a Specialty Concussion Clinic
Authors: Cook Nathan E. , Teel Elizabeth , Iverson Grant L. , Friedman Debbie , Grilli Lisa , Gagnon Isabelle
Published: January 2022

Child and adolescent student athletes with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report a greater lifetime history of concussion than those without ADHD. This case-control study compared youth with and without ADHD presenting for care at a specialty concussion clinic on their lifetime history of concussion. We hypothesized that a greater proportion of youth with ADHD would report a history of prior concussion. Archival clinical data from patients presenting to a specialty concussion clinic in Montreal, Québec, Canada between September 2015 and August 2019 were analyzed. The sample included 2,418 children and adolescents (age: M = 13.6, SD = 2.7, range 5–18 years; 50.9% girls), including 294 (12.2%) with ADHD and 2,124 (87.8%) without ADHD. The proportion with prior concussion among youth with ADHD (43.9%) was significantly greater than youth without ADHD [37.5%, χ2 = 4.41, p = 0.04, OR = 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.67]. A significantly higher proportion of boys with ADHD had a prior concussion history (48.1%) than boys without ADHD [38.4%, χ2 = 5.33, p = 0.02, OR = 1.48 (95% CI: 1.06–2.09)], but this difference was not observed for girls (χ2 = 0.31, p = 0.58). Youth with ADHD did not differ with regard to their estimated longest duration of symptoms from a prior concussion (Z = 1.52, p = 0.13) and the proportion who reported taking longer than 28 days to recover from a prior concussion did not differ between those with ADHD (15.3%) and without ADHD (12.2%), χ2 = 2.20, p = 0.14. Among youth presenting to a specialty clinic, ADHD was associated with greater lifetime history of concussion but not a greater duration of symptoms from a prior injury.
Implementation of an Outpatient HD-MTX Initiative
Authors: Sokol Kelsey , Yuan Kelley , Piddoubny Maria , Sweeney Ellen , Delengowski Anne , Fendler Katlin , Espinosa Gloria , Alberto Judith , Galanis Patricia , Gung Carol , Stokley Meghan , George Mercy , Harris Mary , Martinez-Outschoorn Ubaldo , Alpdogan Onder , Porcu Pierluigi , Binder Adam F.
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Methotrexate (MTX) a folate antagonist is often given in high doses (≥500 mg/m2) to treat a variety of disease processes. While inpatient administration has been the norm, outpatient administration, has been shown to be safe, effective, and patient centered. Here in we describe development of an outpatient HDMTX protocol and our initial experience.

Methods

All patients were to receive their first cycle of HDMTX in the hospital to ensure they tolerate it well and also to use this time to assist in training for home administration. The outpatient protocol involved continuous IV sodium bicarbonate, along with oral leucovorin and acetazolamide. Patients were required to visit the infusion center daily for labs and methotrexate levels. Clear criteria for admission were developed in the case of delayed clearance or methotrexate toxicity.

Results

Two patients completed the safety run-in phase. Both patients tolerated treatment well. There were no associated toxicity. Methotrexate cleared within 3 days for all cycles. Both patients were able to follow the preadmission instructions for sodium bicarbonate and acetazolamide. The patients reported adequate teaching on the protocol and were able to maintain frequency of urine dipstick checks.

Conclusion

We developed and implemented an outpatient protocol for high dose methotrexate. This study largely details the development of this protocol and its initial safety evaluation. More work needs to be done to assess its feasibility on a larger number of patients who receive more cycles in the outpatient setting.
Similarity Score for the Identification of Active Sites in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ravikumar Vasanth , Thakare Sanket , Kong Xiangzhen , Roukoz Henri , Tolkacheva Elena G.
Published: January 2022

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and precursor to other cardiac diseases. Catheter ablation is associated with limited success rates in patients with persistent AF. Currently, existing mapping systems fail to identify critical target sites for ablation. Recently, we proposed and validated several individual techniques, such as dominant frequency (DF), multiscale frequency (MSF), kurtosis (Kt), and multiscale entropy (MSE), to identify active sites of arrhythmias using simulated intracardiac electrograms (iEGMs). However, the individual performances of these techniques to identify arrhythmogenic substrates are not reliable.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a similarity score using various iEGM analysis techniques to more accurately identify the spatial location of active sites of arrhythmia in patients with AF.

Methods

Clinical bipolar iEGMs were obtained from patients with AF who underwent either successful (m = 4) or unsuccessful (m = 4) catheter ablation. A similarity score (0–3) was developed via the earth mover’s distance (EMD) approach based on a combination of DF, MSF, MSE, and Kt techniques.

Results

Individual techniques successfully discriminated between successful and unsuccessful AF ablation patients but were not reliable in identifying active spatial sites of AF. However, the proposed similarity score was able to pinpoint the spatial sites with high values (active AF sites) that were observed only in patients with unsuccessful AF termination, suggesting that these active sites were missed during the ablation procedure.

Conclusion

Arrhythmogenic substrates with abnormal electrical activity are identified in patients with unsuccessful AF termination after catheter ablation, suggesting clinical efficacy of similarity score.
A Corpus Linguistics Approach to the Representation of Western Religious Beliefs in Ten Series of Chinese University English Language Teaching Textbooks
Authors: Liu Yanhong , Zhang Lawrence Jun , Yang Li
Published: January 2022

The early Sino-Western contact was through the way in which religion and language interact to produce language contact. However, research on this contact is relatively limited to date, particularly in the realm of English language materials. In fact, there is a paucity of research on Western religions in English Language Teaching (ELT) textbooks. By applying corpus linguistics as a tool and the Critical Discourse Analysis as the theoretical framework, this manuscript critically investigates the significant semantic domains in ten English language textbook series that are officially approved and are widely used in Chinese universities. The findings suggest that various Western religious beliefs, which are the highly unusual topics in previous Chinese ELT textbooks, are represented in the textbook corpus. The results also show that when presenting the views and attitudes toward Western religious beliefs, these textbooks have adopted an eclectic approach to the material selection. Surprisingly, positive semantic prosody surrounding the concept of religion is evident and no consistent negative authorial stance toward religion is captured. Atheism has been assumed to be in the center of Chinese intellectual traditions and the essence of the Constitution of the Chinese Communist Party. Interestingly, the findings from this study provide a new understanding of Chinese foreign language textbooks in the new era, and its addition to the literature on the study of ELT textbooks, as well as its development worldwide.
À propos du parallélisme entre deux discours d’ambassade à Sparte (Xén. Hell. V, 2, 12-19 et VI, 1, 4-16)
Authors: Bearzot Cinzia
Published: January 2022

Dans les Helléniques de Xénophon, les ambassades de Cleigénès d’Acanthe et de Polydamas de Pharsale, envoyées à Sparte en vue d’obtenir de l’aide respectivement contre Olynthe et contre Jason de Phères, présentent une structure parallèle et de nombreuses similitudes dans leur argumentation. On ne saurait douter de l’authenticité substantielle des informations contenues dans les deux discours ; cependant, les fortes analogies, la présence de thèmes comme le fédéralisme ou les qualités du bon chef, ainsi que les accents thucydidéens trahissent l’intervention de Xénophon. Ce dernier semble donc utiliser les discours comme son prédécesseur, en respectant la substance des paroles prononcées et en faisant intervenir librement sa propre opinion.
Catilina legatus. Considerazioni su un discusso frammento sallustiano
Authors: Urso Gianpaolo
Published: January 2022

A fragment of Sallust’s Histories mentions a siege led by L. Catilina legatus. The episode has long been ascribed to the civil war of 83-82, or to the subsequent operations in Italy. This paper aims to reassess the problem. It begins by considering the content of the first book of the Histories and some false assumptions which undermine most modern reconstructions, then argues that the most probable context of the siege is the tumultus Lepidi of 78-77. If so, Catiline would have been legatus of Catulus or Pompey, Sullanae dominationis duces atque signiferi.
KONSEP ISLAM TENTANG ADAT: Telaah Adat Dan 'Urf Sebagai Sumber Hukum Islam
Authors: Zainuddin Faiz
Published: January 2022

The needs of society very complete and changing is impossible to make law codification perfectly, one of the cause is the difference between local customs are not same with the ancient customs ( Arabicâ€™s custom). This change is not only related to the values, but also can change the religionâ€™s law ( Islam ). So, to solve this problems, it needs the special handling who related the growing problem in the society in terms of Islamic law study. The goal is the problem can be solved by the best decision and can give the solution who is able to runned by society.Furthermore, to give the best solution about the difference needs in the society, so IslamÂ  gives a law breakthrough by considering customs as Islamic law basis. This customs becomes law source after Al-Quran and Al- Hadist, because the customs has important role in the process of decline verse. This research was conducted to know how far the influence ofÂ  customs toward dynamics of islamic law. This research used explanatory research by applied qualitative research and the research result analysis used analysis content. This research showed that the customs can be used as â€œHujjahâ€ in islamic law as long as no â€œSharihâ€ explanation about the certain case and did not contrary with qhatâ€™iy argument in the form of muqayyadÂ  not absolute) and special (not general). Based on the research result, the researcher give suggestion for the law practitioners, if they want to decide law is hoped to more concerned societiesâ€™ customs themselves, and not directed to others, in order to they can give a decision who can be runned by society.
УПРАВЛІННЯ РОЗВИТКОМ ТЕРИТОРІЙ НА ЗАСАДАХ РЕНОВАЦІЇ ЖИТЛОВОГО ФОНДУ: СУТНІСТЬ ТА СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ В СВІТІ Й УКРАЇНІ
Authors: В. В. ДЯТЛОВА , Ю. В. ДЯТЛОВА
Published: January 2022

Обґрунтовано значимість управління розвитком територій як сукупності підходів, принципів та методів, спрямованих на прогресивні перетворення в регіоні. Узагальнено теоретичні засади з управління розвитком територій на засадах їх реновації. Акцентовано увагу на сутності поняття. Визначено сучасні управлінські підходи до реалізації проєктів з реновації житлового фонду за досвідом країн світу, зокрема європейських, проблеми, що існують в Україні. Сформульовано концептуальні положення з управління розвитком територій на засадах реновації.
Optimalisasi Perawatan Kompresor Udara Guna Menunjang Operasional Mesin Induk Di Kapal MT Java Palm
Authors: Rachman Abdul , Bagaskoro  , Rizki Gilang
Published: January 2022

Kompresor sebagai penghasil udara bertekanan. Salah satu fungsi kompresor adalah untuk starting awal mesin induk kompresor menghasilkan udara bertekanan yang di simpan di reservoir tank dengan tekanan udara 25-30 kg/m2 udara didalam botol angin yang bertekanan tinggi akan keluar ke main starting valve setelah udara tersebut di reduksi tekanan hingga kurang lebih 10 kg/m2 . Dengan demikan, udara yang terpakai banyak saat melakukan starting air pertama maka sangat di perlukan kompresor yang bekerja dengan maksimal.
Upaya Peningkatan Perawatan Terhadap Hatch Cover Tipe Folding Mc Gregor Untuk Menunjang Kelancaran Proses Bongkar Muat Di MV. Pan Bonita
Authors: Fitrial Denny , Putro Bhima Siswo , Setiawan Doni Sani
Published: January 2022

Untuk lancarnya proses bongkar muat di MV.PAN BONITA yang memuat muatan curah khususnya garam dalam curah, perlu adanya perawatan yang sesuai standar untuk hatch cover serta adanya pengawasan oleh perwira pada saat perawatan maupun perbaikan. Dalam melakukan perawatan hatch cover harus didukung dengan prasarana peralatan dan perlengkapan yang dibutuhkan untuk perbaikan serta perawatan hatch cover. Karena muatan gandum yang sangat sensitif terhadap air  laut, oleh karenanya hatch cover harus kedap terhadap air laut terutama pada saat berlayar di cuaca buruk, dan dapat membuka maupun menutup palka dengan baik pada saat proses bongkar muat.

Terjadinya kerusakan muatan garam di kapal MV.PAN BONITA pernah terjadi pada saat penulis melaksanakan prala selama 1(satu) tahun. Kerusakan muatan ini dikarenakan tidak kedapnya hatch cover terhadap air laut serta adanya masalah pada saat membuka dan menutup palka sehingga terganggunya pada saat loading operation maupun discharging operation di kapal. Masalah ini terjadi karena kurang maksimalnya perawatan pada hatch cover serta pengawasan oleh perwira pada saat perawatan maupun perbaikan. Sering terjadi pula masalah pada saat perbaikan maupun perawatan dari hatch cover karena kurangnya keterampilan ABK pada saat pelaksanaan perawatan tutup palka tersebut dan juga kurangnya peralatan maupun perlengkapan untuk perbaikan dan perawatan hatch cover.
Analisis Penurunan Performa Sistem Pendingin Main Engine Guna Kelancaran Pengoperasian Kapal MT. Medelin Expo
Authors: Sitompul Ali Muktar , Effendi  , Adisurya Dimas
Published: January 2022

Dalam memenuhi kebutuhan operasional kinerja mesin induk di kapal MT. MEDELIN EXPO, mesin induk sering mengalami over heating dan terjadinya shut down yang disebabkan oleh pendingin yang kurang optimal. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis apa yang menyebabkan temperatur pendingin air tawar tinggi pada mesin induk dan bagaimana cara mengatasinya. Manfaat dalam penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam melakukan perawatan dan perbaikan pada pendingin mesin induk agar mesin induk tetap optimal. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan peneliti dalam melakukan penelitian yang meliputi studi kasus, problem solving, dan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Subyek penelitian adalah perawatan sistem pendingin untuk mengoptimalkan operasional kapal MT.MEDELIN EXPO. Dalam penelitian ini teknik analisis yang dipergunakan adalah metode analisis deskriftif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa  adanya penyumbatan pada lubang-lubang pendingin fresh water cooler sehingga pendingin air laut yang digunakan untuk menyerap panas dari air tawar menjadi kurang maksimal. Cara mengatasinya membersihkan pendingin fresh water cooler dengan cara menyogok kerak-kerak atau lumpur keluar dari lubang pendingin fresh water cooler.
Analisis Penurunan Kinerja Fresh Water Generator Guna Mempertahankan Produksi Air Tawar Dikapal Motor Vessel CK. Angie
Authors: Ala Asman , Hamdani Mukhlas , Khairy Farruq Raihan
Published: January 2022

Saat melakukan praktek laut, fresh water generator dapat menghasilkan air tawar yang dapat digunakan untuk minum, memasak, mencuci dan bahkan menjalankan mesin pentinglainnya yang menggunakan air tawar sebagai media pendingin. Pada FWG air tawar umumnya dihasilkan menggunakan metode evaporasi. Jadi air tawar tersebut dihasilkan oleh penguapan air laut dengan menggunakan panas dari salah satu sumber panas. Jadi dalam rangka untuk menghasilkan air bersih di 70 derajat kita perlu mengurangi tekanan atmosfer, yang dilakukan dengan menciptakan vakum di dalam ruang dimana penguapan berlangsung. Sebagai akibat dari vakum pendinginan dari air laut didinginkan dan dikumpulkan kemudian dipindahkan ke tangki. Pada saat kebanyakan kapal menggunakan metode ini sebagai penghasil air tawar di kapal.
Pengaruh Standarisasi Row Input Diklat Swasta Terhadap Daya Saing Tenaga Kerja Pelaut Indonesia Di Dunia Internasional
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Sugiyanto  , Hidayat Arif
Published: January 2022

Penelitian merupakan proses pemecahan masalah dengan menggunakan suatu pendekatan metode ilmiah dalam merumuskan ataupun menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada dengan sistematis, namun pada dasarnya penelitian ini adalah cara untuk menemukan teori ataupun menambah perbendaharaan ilmu pengetahuan yang baru atau minmal memperkuat yang sudah ada.

Dalam kegiatan Penelitian untuk menemukan pelaut handal dan professional dapat pula dimaknai sebagai cara pengamatan atau inquiry dan bertujuan dalam mencari jawaban permasalahan atau proses penemuan pemecahan masalah, baik itu discovery maupun invention. Discovery diartikan hasil temuan yang memang sebetulnya sudah ada, sebagai contoh misalnya penemuan benua Australia dan sekitar kepulauan pasifik selatan adalah penemuan yang cocok untuk dimaknai sebagai discovery.

Sedangkan invention dapat berupa sebagai penemuan hasil penelitian itu sendiri yang betul-betul baru dan hasil dari adanya dukungan fakta aktual dan emperis, Misalnya hasil dampak pandemi  dari virius yang ada dimana dapat di buktikan dari akibat di tandainya dari ada korban manusia yang mati secara tidak wajar dan massif dan bahkan dapat lebih mengenaskan jika dinyatakan berakhir punah, kemudian diteliti untuk menemukn jenis yang baru serta mendapatkan solusinya.

Penelitian adalah berupa suatu usaha untuk menemukan, mengembangkan, dan menguji kebenarannya dari suatu masalah atau suatu pengetahuan dengan menggunakan metode-metode ilmiah yang sudah ada dan masih dapat digunakan. Para pakar mengemukakan pendapatnya yang berbeda dalam merumuskan batasan penelitian atau penyelidikan terhadap suatu masalah, baik sebagai usaha observasi mencari kebenaran melalui pendekatan ilmiah dan hasil temuan pengalaman dari fakta lapangan.

Dari beberapa pendapat tersebut jelas kiranya bahwa setiap orang pada prisipnya akan memberikan pengertiannya tentang penelitian yang berbeda-beda. Perbedaan tersebut biasanya tergantung dengan beberapa faktor seperti diantaranya, latar belakang pengetahuan seseorang serta pengalaman yang dimiliki seseorang.
A CRITICAL REVIEW ON TRANSPORT PLANNING ANALYSIS OF AIRPORT CONNECTIVITY – AIRPORT SURFACE ACCESS
Authors: S Muthkur Anusha , T R Nikhil
Published: January 2022

Airport surface access being a major part of study in all the developed and developing countries across the World. Due to growing population
globally, an increase in income and automobiles have paved their contribution in increased congestion and pollution. The trend followed globally is
almost similar irrespective of the economy, where the private transport contributes more towards the journey made for Airports. Key factors that
govern the mode choice behaviour of the Air passengers include travel cost, travel time, comfort to carry luggage and in a special condition
citizenship too effects the same in countries like Saudi Arabia.
DESCENDING TRANSTENTORIAL HERNIATION IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: A STUDY OF THE IMAGING AND OPERATIVE PROFILES OF THREE CASES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Shetty Abhishek , Katikar Dattaprasanna
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION: Brain herniations have been labelled as 'Brain Code' to signify the emergent need for diagnosis and intervention. Traumatic
Brain Injury is the most common cause of brain herniation which could be lateral, subfalcine, descending transtentorial, tonsillar, upward or
transcalvarial.
CASE: Three cases of descending transtentorial herniation,their imaginary and their operative intervention are discussed.
DISCUSSION: The clinical features and the previous works on descending transtentorial herniation are discussed in brief.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the three cases discussed had a rapid resolution of symptoms after surgical intervention.
RARE CASE OF PULMONARY SEQUESTRATION DIAGNOSED ANTENATALLY.
Authors: U Purad Veeresh , Shirol Rahul , Shivpur Adviath , Abbigeri Manjunath , Hanchinal Veeresh , Purad Shambhu
Published: January 2022

Iind trimester anomaly scans play a vital role in identifying the anatomical abnormalities in the fetus and thus help in planning and prognosis of
pregnancy. Pulmonary sequestration is an not a common condition in which a separate lung tissue is formed, which is not a anatomical structures of
the lung tissue, not its blood supply, neither perform any function also. A 26 years old mother, visited our department for routine anomaly scan.
Transabdominal ultrasound examination revealed a well-dened echogenic mass seen just below the left hemidiaphragm which showed vascular
supply directly from the aorta. This conrmed our diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration. We further evaluated with Fetal MRI which showed T2
high signal and T1 iso signal mass, suspicion of sequestration and esophageal duplication cyst was considered. The pregnancy was carefully
followed by serial scans and a male baby delivered without any complications. Postnatally abdominal ultrasonography performed showed
echogenic mass seen below the left diagram which showed feeding artery from the aorta.
A STUDY OF PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR AS A COMPONENT OF NATURALISTIC INTELLIGENCE AMONGST IN-SERVICE SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: Srinivasan Radhika , Borkar Usha
Published: January 2022

Pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs), dened by Kollmuss & Agyeman (2002: 240) as “behavior that consciously seeks to minimize the negative
impact of one's actions on the natural and built world”
Pro-environmental behavior can be dened as all possible actions aimed at avoiding harm to and/or safeguarding the environment (Steg and Vlek,
2009), either performed in public (e.g., participation in environmental movements) or private domains (e.g., recycling; Hadler and Haller, 2011).
Environmental issues, concerns and problems are constantly under the scanner of public review and rightly so.
What we see all around us; be it forest res, deadly heat waves, ash oods or droughts is nothing but the consequences and impacts of all our
anthropogenic activities.
In keeping with the Sustainable Development Goals, we must try to curb the damage to the environment, or perhaps even reverse some of our
deleterious actions.
We must consciously cut down emissions, reduce footprint, be sensitive, and of course behave pr-environmentally.
Environmental problems could therefore be reduced if people acted more pro-environmentally. Many countries have already committed to take
measures to reduce climate change , yet the efciency of implementation and scale of these measures differs across countries.People's
environmental considerations, such as biospheric values and environmental self-identity, are related to pro-environmental behavior.
World assortment of frost-resistant geraniums (Geranium L.)
Authors: Sorokopudova O. A. , Koryakina O. V.
Published: January 2022

The article provides a general brief information about the genus Geranium L. and modern data on the state of the world assortment of this genus based on the register compiled in 2015 at the initiative of the International Geraniaceae Group. The assortment of geraniums is analyzed by origin, types of use in landscaping as perennial herbaceous flowering and decorative deciduous plants. The species that are the maternal forms of the largest number of cultivars created as a result of intra- and interspecific hybridization have been identified. These are Geranium pratense , G. × oxonianum (in 12-14% of cultivars), G. cinereum, G. phaeum, G. sanguineum (in 6-8% of varieties) and G. × antipodeum, G. x cantabrigiense, G. clarkei, G. harveyi, G. macrorrhizum, G. maculatum, G. nodosum, G. psilostemon, G. sylvaticum, G. wallichiabum (in 2-4% of the world assortment of geraniums). In accordance with world practice, the grouping of species and cultivars by habit is given, with their subdivision into groundcover, spreading, mound-forming or upright. The timing of flowering geraniums and the prospects for their use in Russia are reflected.
Pengaruh Bahasa Gaul Terhadap Komunikasi Mahasiswa Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Diponegoro di Media Sosial WhatsApp
Authors: Alfarisy Fitri , Hessi Miss’ida Keyko , Meyyana Dewi Ressa , Rosyada Amrina
Published: January 2022

Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi yang digunakan oleh manusia dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Adanya kemajuan zaman, membuat bahasa yang digunakan semakin maju dan berkembang, lalu muncul lah suatu bahasa baru yang awalnya hanya dibuat untuk bersenang-senang, namun lambat laun kian menyebar luas, dan bahasa baru itu disebut bahasa gaul. Penggunaan bahasa gaul di Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Diponegoro pada media social Whatshap kerap kali digunakanan oleh mahasiswa atau remaja saat berkomunikasi dalam situasi nonformal. Bahasa gaul dianggap fleksibel dan lebih nyaman untuk digunakan dalam aktivitas sehari-hari. Pada era globalisasi ini, bahasa gaul tidak dapat dihindari lagi. Adanya pengaruh perkembangan teknologi, serta pemakaian Bahasa gaul oleh sebagian besar remaja secara sering akan menyebabkan akan tergeser keberadaan Bahasa indonesia. Alangkah baiknya bila kita dapat menggunakan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar, sehingga keberadaan bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa nasional tetap terjaga.
Por uma política de valorização das Revistas Acadêmicas na área de História
Authors: Equipe Editorial
Published: January 2022

A ideia deste editorial coletivo surgiu, foi discutida e elaborada no Fórum de Editores de periódicos da ANPUH-Brasil (https://anpuh.org.br/index.php/forum-de-editores-2), entre os meses de setembro e novembro de 2021. Buscou-se na iniciativa elementos consensuais no campo da História, aqui representado pelos editores de vários dos periódicos da área, em defesa dos artigos publicados, dos trabalhos realizados pelas revistas e por suas equipes editoriais. Destacar o valor dos nossos periódicos e artigos não é menosprezar ou reduzir o papel do livro autoral junto à área, mas é reconhecer que a manutenção e existência dos periódicos, enquanto trabalho de médio e longo prazo, requerem atenção e trabalhos específicos, nem sempre reconhecidos pelas instâncias e instituições que os abrigam. De tal modo, esta iniciativa visa lançar luz e fomentar o debate sobre o papel dos periódicos e seu lugar na circulação de conhecimento, o papel das equipes editoriais (editores, pareceristas, entre outros), necessidade de financiamento público (na garantia do acesso aberto diamante) e importância dos apoios institucionais.
Residentes em saúde da família na assistência à paciente na pandemia: um relato de experiência
Authors: Dias Takemoto de Arruda Daniella , Geisa Silva Martiniano Francisca , Cristina Pereira Maranduba Gabriely , Eduarda de Oliveira Karine , Dias Gonzaga Maria José , Siqueira Costa Calache Ana Lúcia
Published: January 2022

OBJETIVO: Relatar a atuação dos residentes do Programa em Saúde da Família na assistência a pacientes no contexto da infecção de Sars-CoV-2. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, realizado na Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família (UBS) destinada ao atendimento de pacientes sintomáticos respiratórios, delineado do mês de julho a dezembro de 2020. RESULTADOS: A UBS passou a ser referência no município para assistência de pacientes portadores de sintomas respiratórios, promovendo o diagnóstico e tratamento do COVID-19. CONCLUSÃO: Baseado no relato descrito, é possível confirmar que a experiência vivenciada, além de contribuir para o aprendizado dos residentes multiprofissionais, colaborou significativamente com o êxito das ações exercidas.
Effect of plant extracts against Alternaria tenuissima (Kunze) Wiltshire in vitro
Authors: Shevchuk O. , Golosna L. , Afanasieva O. , Zaslavskyi O. , Pryvedeniuk N. , Kutsyk T.
Published: January 2022

Goal. To investigate the fungistatic effect of plant extracts on Alternaria tenuissima in vitro.

Methods. The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Phytopathology of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS (IPP NAAS) and the Laboratory of Ecology and Pharmacognosy of Research Station of Medicinal Plants of the Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management NAAS (RSMP IAEM NAAS). Medicinal plant raw materials used in the research were grown and selected at the research sites of DSLR IAP NAAS. Plant extracts were made on its basis. Determination of the activity of plant extracts on the growth of Alternaria tenuissima culture was performed in the laboratory of phytopathology of the IPP NAAS. Agar-disk diffusion method was used. The radial growth rate and the percentage of growth inhibition of colonies were determined.

Results. On the 5th day after the start of the experiment, all studied extracts formed colonies of significantly smaller size compared to the control. On the 7th day, extracts of sage, thyme, annual wormwood, wormwood, echinacea root, and plume poppy significantly inhibited the development of Alternaria tenuissima colonies. On the 10th day, a significant reduction in the growth of colonies of the pathogen occurred with the use of extracts of sage, annual wormwood, echinacea roots and plume poppy. Inhibition of colony growth was highest for sage, annual wormwood and plume poppy and ranged from 84.3—99.5% on day 5 to 38.1—73.4% on day 10 after inoculation.

Conclusions. According to our results, extracts of sage (Salvia officinalis L.), annual wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) and plume poppy (Macleaya cordata L.) showed a pronounced fungistatic effect against Alternaria tenuissima. These data suggest that extracts of these plants can be used in the future to develop plant protection products.
ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ А.А. КАДЫРОВА В ДОЛЖНОСТИ ГЛАВЫ АДМИНИСТРАЦИИ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Эльбуздукаева Т.У.
Published: January 2022

Начиная с 90-х годов ХХ в. и вплоть до 2001 г. чеченский народ находился в состоянии масштабного политического и социально-экономического кризиса. Неспособность и нежелание местных властей решать насущные проблемы народа, рост преступности, разгул сепаратизма и терроризма ввергли Республику в пучину двух военных кампаний. После второй войны Чечня находилась в состоянии коллапса, когда уже фактически стоял вопрос быть или не быть Республике. Именно в такой драматический момент на политической арене появилась фигура Ахмата-Хаджи Кадырова. Ему досталось тяжелое наследие – руины от некогда цветущей и богатой Республики. И вот эти руины ему и предстояло преодолеть. В данной статье автор, используя документальный материал, показывает, как день за днем, шаг за шагом шел процесс восстановления всех сфер жизни Республики под руководством всенародного лидера Ахмата-Хаджи Кадырова.
Adaptive Gaussian Distribution Threshold Spatial Frequency Denoising Image
Authors: Sarah Benziane , El Hassen Benyamina Abou
Published: January 2022

The details of an image with noise can be restored by removing the noise with an appropriate image denoising method. In this work is proposed and tested, an image denoising methods based on the use of an improved generalized adaptive Gaussian distribution threshold in the wavelet domain. Different wavelet transform methods are used in conjunction with an AGGD threshold to experiment with the proposed approach in order to obtain better results for the image denoising process and, consequently, to select the most suitable filter. The wavelet transform working on the frequencies of separate subbands of an image is a powerful method for image analysis. According to this experimental work, the proposed method show better results. The MSE and PSNR values get are used to measure the enhancement of denoised images.
WORKING MEMORY DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA: SEBUAH KAJIAN TEORI
Authors: Susanti Vera Dewi , Dwijanto Dwijanto , Mariani Scolastika
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to describe how short-term memory is in learning mathematics. This research method is a literature study. Literature study examines theories based on books, articles, notes, and reports related to the problems studied. The sources of data needed by researchers in this literature review are using primary sources and secondary sources. Data analysis aims to obtain answers from the formulation of the problem that has been determined, data analysis is carried out in an inductive and interpretive way. The result of this research is that the source of working memory during learning is explained in single-digit arithmetic learning, multi-digit arithmetic learning. Meanwhile, working memory in children with math difficulties is found in verbal working memory and visual-spatial working memory.
Terbentuknya Low Trust Society Usia Dewasa: Dalam Lingkungan Sosial Masyarakat
Authors: Ginardi Ilma Vitaloka , Larasati Vira , Kusumaningrum Anggie , Prasetyo Yoga
Published: January 2022

Orang dewasa cenderung memiliki banyak karakter karena dalam hidupnya sudah banyak memiliki pengalaman. Tetapi, terbentuknya karakter orang dewasa itu secara formal maupun nonformal selalu terbentuk dilingkungan masyarakat. Terutama pada karakter Low Trust Society yang umumnya orang dewasa miliki, sehingga diperlukan adanya penelitian untuk mengetahui terjadi karena rendahnya kepercayaan. Low Trust Society ini terbentuk karena adanya beberapa faktor yaitu korupsi, kolusi dan nepotisme yang merajalela telah menjadikan kita sebagai bangsa yang memiliki rendahnya rasa saling percaya kepada sesama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Dalam artikel ini, penulis ingin membahas mengenai terbentuknya Low Trust Society pada orang dewasa dilingkungan sosial masyarakatnya. Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut terbentuknya karakter orang dewasa terjadi karna adanya wabah korupsi, kolusi dan nepotisme pada lingkungan sosial masyarakatnya.
VERBALISATION OF THE CONCEPT “PROTECTION” IN MARGARET ATWOOD’S NOVEL “THE BLIND ASSASSIN”
Authors: Катермина Вероника Викторовна , Балаева Мария Вадимовна
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена изучению вербализации концепта «защита» в романе Маргарет Этвуд «Слепой убийца». В данной работе отмечается возрастающая значимость изучения взаимосвязи языка и культуры, обусловленная глобализацией и расширением межкультурных отношений. По мнению исследователей, основным средством фиксации культурно значимых явлений в языковых элементах является концепт, выступающий в роли основной единицы лингвокультурологии. В статье описываются различные подходы к определению исследуемого понятия и признаки, дифференцирующие концепты когнитивные и лингвокультурные, главным из которых считается коллективный характер последних. В данной работе также приводится описание четырехкомпонентной процедуры концептуального анализа, разработанного В. И. Карасиком; рассматриваются способы манифестации концепта и его классификации, реализуемой на базе семи взаимодополняющих подходов. Помимо концептов когнитивных и лингвокультурных, А. В. Миллер выделяет концепт художественный со сложным ментальным образованием, принадлежащим не только индивидуальному сознанию, но и психоментальной сфере определенного этнокультурного сообщества. Проведенный концептуальный анализ материала исследования позволил сделать вывод, что основными средствами вербализации концепта «защита» в романе Маргарет Этвуд являются прямое номинирование и использование лексических единиц, выражающих родственные идеи и содержащих в семантической структуре семемы «защита».

The article is devoted to the study of the verbalization of the concept “protection” in Margaret Atwood’s novel “The Blind Assassin”. The article notes the increasing importance of studying the correlation between language and culture, due to globalization and the expansion of intercultural relations. According to the researchers, the main means of anchoring of culturally significant phenomena in linguistic elements is a concept that acts as the main unit of cultural linguistics. The article describes various approaches to the definition of the concept under study, and features differentiating cognitive and cultural linguistic concepts, the main of which is the collective nature of the latter. This paper also describes the four-component procedure of conceptual analysis developed by V.I. Karasik, the ways of manifestation of a concept and its classification, implemented on the basis of seven complementary approaches. In addition to cognitive and linguocultural concepts the researchers also distinguish literary concepts defining them as “a complex mental formation belonging not only to individual consciousness, but also to the psychomental sphere of a certain ethno-cultural community.” The conducted conceptual analysis of the research material allowed us to conclude that the main means of verbalization of the concept “protection” in Margaret Atwood’s novel are the direct nomination and use of lexical units expressing related ideas and containing in their semantic structure the sememe “protection”.