bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise do tema violência nas políticas de cuidado de longa duração ao idoso
Authors: Poltronieri Bruno Costa , Souza Edinilsa Ramos de , Ribeiro Adalgisa Peixoto
Published: August 2019

Resumo Objetivou-se identificar e analisar na literatura nacional e internacional se e como o tema da violência é abordado nos estudos de políticas públicas de atenção ao idoso albergado em Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos. Realizou-se revisão integrativa da literatura publicada entre 2010 e agosto de 2016. Foram consultadas as principais bases bibliográficas utilizando-se os descritores: “idoso”, “políticas públicas”,“instituição de longa permanência para idosos”,“asilo”, “casa de repouso” e “ILPI”, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Analisou-se 77 artigos, sendo 12 brasileiros e 65 estrangeiros, dos quais 30 são dos Estados Unidos. A análise mostrou que muitos países possuem políticas de cuidados de longa duração que regem as modalidades dos serviços que os fornecem. Somente oito artigos abordaram a questão da violência no interior das ILPI no âmbito das políticas de proteção ao idoso e afirmam que países da América Latina e da Ásia precisam avançar nesta pauta e colocar o tema da violência contra idosos na agenda de prioridades. Nenhum artigo brasileiro abordou o tema diretamente, embora tenha ficado claro que paira sobre as ILPI a negligência institucional e outras formas de violências.
Conhecimento, atitudes e práticas sobre tuberculose entre transgêneros na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Júnior Sérgio , Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo , Nogueira Péricles Alves
Published: August 2019

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento, as atitudes e as práticas em relação à tuberculose (TB), entre travestis e mulheres transexuais (trans). Trata-se de estudo transversal com amostra por conveniência (n = 124; 58 travestis e 66 trans) realizado na cidade de São Paulo em 2014, com a aplicação do Knowledge, attitudes and practices questionnaire (KAP) adaptado. Calcularam-se as frequências absolutas e relativas para o conjunto das entrevistadas e as comparações entre as distribuições percentuais dos grupos foram realizadas pelo teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson, teste exato de Fisher ou sua generalização, com nível de significância de 5%. A maioria era jovem e não branca. As travestis apresentaram menor escolaridade, referiram mais a passagem pelo sistema prisional e se autodeclararam trabalhadoras do sexo com maior frequência. Pouco mais da metade das entrevistadas tinha conhecimento sobre a gratuidade do tratamento. Neste estudo, o conhecimento sobre a TB mostrou-se modesto, permeado por equívocos associados aos sinais/sintomas e formas transmissíveis e preventivas da doença, que influenciam em suas atitudes e práticas em relação à doença. Os resultados sugerem que as ações de educação em saúde não têm atingido seus objetivos no controle da TB neste subgrupo específico.
Fragilidade, perfil e cognição de idosos residentes em área de alta vulnerabilidade social
Authors: Araújo Júnior Fábio Baptista , Machado Isabela Thaís Jesus , Santos-Orlandi Ariene Angelini dos , Pergola-Marconato Aline Maino , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost , Zazzetta Marisa Silvana
Published: August 2019

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi associar a fragilidade com perfil sociodemográfico e cognição de idosos residentes em contexto de alta vulnerabilidade social cadastrados em um Centro de Referência de Assistência Social em um município do interior paulista. Estudo transversal e quantitativo realizado com 48 idosos. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se entrevista sociodemográfica, Escala de Fragilidade de Edmonton e Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Para a análise dos dados foi empregado teste de Jonckheere-Terpstra, correlação de Spearman e regressão logística (α = 5,0%). Dos 48 entrevistados, 33,4% não eram frágeis, 20,8% se mostraram aparentemente vulneráveis e 45,8% estavam frágeis em algum nível. As mulheres (OR = 4,64) e os de raça não branca (OR = 3,99) tiveram maior chance de apresentar fragilidade. Os domínios com maior influência na determinação da fragilidade foram: cognição, independência e desempenho funcional, estado geral da saúde e humor, embora sexo (p = 0,0373) e raça (p = 0,0284) tenham apresentado associação significativa. Destaca-se que considerar o perfil de fragilidade dos idosos subsidia o desenvolvimento de estratégias específicas de cuidado para este segmento populacional em área vulnerável prevenindo futuras complicações.
Academic migration and marijuana use among undergraduate students: evidences from a sample in southern Brazil
Authors: Demenech Lauro Miranda , Dumith Samuel C. , Paludo Simone dos Santos , Neiva-Silva Lucas
Published: August 2019

Abstract The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of marijuana use in the last month, its associated factors and its relationship with academic migration among undergraduate students of a federal university in southern Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study and data were collected through self-administered questionnaire. A systematic sampling process was conducted. To data analyses, it was used Poisson regression with robust adjust for variance. Overall, 1,423 students participated. The prevalence of marijuana use in the last month was 16.8% (95%CI 14.8% to 18.8%). Data showed that the greater the distance of the city prior to university entry, the higher the prevalence of marijuana use in the last month. Being male, having less age, being single, not having religious practices, having relatives and friends who have used any illicit drug, and having tobacco use in the last month were also risk factors. We understand that academic migration within the country tends to decrease students contact with family and increase vulnerability to peer influence, which may lead to a higher probability of marijuana use in this sample. The results highlights the importance to develop projects of illicit drug use prevention focused on this risky subgroup.
Validação da Ferramenta de Rastreio de Risco de quedas (FRRISque) em pessoas idosas que vivem na comunidade
Authors: Chini Lucélia Terra , Pereira Daniele Sirineu , Nunes Altacílio Aparecido
Published: August 2019

Resumo Objetivou validar a Ferramenta de Rastreamento do Risco de Quedas (FRRISque) em pessoas idosas que vivem na comunidade. Realizou-se um estudo transversal, do tipo screening avaliativo. A amostra foi composta por 854 idosos. Além da versão piloto da FRRISque, foi aplicado o instrumento QuickScreen® como referência padrão no intuito de realizar a validade de critério concorrente, determinando os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade. A maioria das pessoas idosas era do sexo feminino (57,6%), com média de idade de 71,87 anos. Nas análises por regressão logística, evidenciou-se que apenas 10 itens da FRRISque contribuem para o aumento do risco de quedas em idosos e referem-se aos fatores de risco queda anterior, uso de dispositivo de auxílio à marcha, polifarmácia, uso de psicotrópicos, dificuldade para subir ou descer uma ladeira, dificuldade para andar 100 metros, déficit visual e auditivo, baixa atividade física e ambiente mal iluminado. Este modelo de estratificação de risco assume valores de sensibilidade de 91,3% e especificidade de 73,4%. A FRRISque se caracteriza como instrumento válido, simples, porém denso, de baixo custo e de fácil e rápida aplicação, podendo ser empregado por todos os profissionais de saúde da atenção básica, inclusive por agentes comunitários de saúde.
Factores socioeconómicos asociados con la mortalidad por homicidios en Colombia, 2000-2014
Authors: Dávila Claudio Alberto , Pardo-Montaño Ana Melisa
Published: August 2019

Resume El objetivo fue analizar la tendencia, impacto en la esperanza de vida y efecto de los principales factores socioeconómicos asociados con la mortalidad por homicidios en Colombia entre 2000-2014 a nivel departamental, por sexo y grupos de edad. Se calcularon tasas estandarizadas de mortalidad, años de vida perdidos en menores de 85 años de edad y un análisis de regresión múltiple, ocupando modelos de regresión binomial negativa de datos panel de efectos fijos para analizar los factores socioeconómicos asociados con la incidencia de homicidios. Se corroboró la disminución de la mortalidad por homicidios en Colombia, la cual se dio de forma generalizada a nivel departamental, pero no fue homogénea. Se observó un mayor riesgo de fallecer en hombres de 15-49 años de edad. El crecimiento económico y la desigualdad se asociaron negativamente con la tasa de homicidios; el desempleo lo hizo de manera positiva; y la pobreza no tuvo un efecto significativo. Investigar los factores asociados con la violencia homicida es complejo, pero indispensable debido al impacto que tiene en el desarrollo económico y social, ya que afecta mayormente a la población en edades productivas, con amplias consecuencias en salud pública y altos costos de atención de los servicios de salud.
Violência obstétrica: influência da Exposição Sentidos do Nascer na vivência das gestantes
Authors: Lansky Sônia , Souza Kleyde Ventura de , Peixoto Eliane Rezende de Morais , Oliveira Bernardo Jefferson , Diniz Carmen Simone Grilo , Vieira Nayara Figueiredo , Cunha Rosiane de Oliveira , Friche Amélia Augusta de Lima
Published: August 2019

Resumo O excesso de intervenções no parto no Brasil tem sido reportado como violência obstétrica e contribui para os índices elevados morbi-mortalidade materna e neonatal. A exposição Sentidos do Nascer busca incentivar o parto normal para promover a saúde e melhorar a experiência de parir e nascer no País. Este artigo analisa o perfil e a experiência de parto de 555 mulheres que visitaram a exposição durante a gestação, com enfoque na percepção sobre violência obstétrica. A violência obstétrica foi reportada por 12,6% das mulheres e associada ao estado civil, à menor renda, à ausência de companheiro, ao parto em posição litotômica, à realização da manobra de Kristeller e à separação precoce do bebê após o parto. Predominaram nos relatos de violência obstétrica: intervenção não consentida/aceita com informações parciais, cuidado indigno/abuso verbal; abuso físico; cuidado não confidencial/privativo e discriminação. A visita à exposição aumentou o conhecimento das gestantes sobre violência obstétrica. Entretanto, o reconhecimento de procedimentos obsoletos ou danosos na assistência ao parto como violência obstétrica foi ainda baixo. Iniciativas como esta podem contribuir para ampliar o conhecimento e a mobilização social sobre as práticas na assistência ao parto e nascimento.
A concepção de envelhecimento com base na teoria de campo de Kurt Lewin e a dinâmica de grupos
Authors: Beleza Cinara Maria Feitosa , Soares Sônia Maria
Published: August 2019

Resumo O estudo objetivou refletir sobre a aplicabilidade da teoria de campo de Kurt Lewin na concepção de envelhecimento. Trata-se de uma abordagem reflexiva sobre o uso da teoria de campo de Kurt Lewin para definir e legitimar a experiência de envelhecer, e como estratégia para a qualificação de profissionais de saúde como mediadores em dinâmicas de grupos de idosos. Pôde-se observar que o idoso comporta-se de acordo com suas percepções e não de acordo com a realidade, reage conforme aquilo que é confortável ou não com suas cognições. Estimular os idosos a realizarem interpretações subjetivas positivas acerca de outras pessoas, coisas e o processo de envelhecimento lhe induzirão a ideia de satisfação. E as dinâmicas de grupos podem proporcionar o desenvolvimento de uma ação coletiva de discussão e reflexão sobre o envelhecimento. Nesse sentido, a aplicabilidade dessa teoria na experiência de envelhecer pode valorizar a percepção dos próprios idosos como protagonistas de intervenções e dotados de julgamentos sobre bem-estar e qualidade de vida.
Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e fatores associados em adultos numa área urbana de pobreza do nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Melo Silvia Pereira da Silva de Carvalho , Cesse Eduarda Ângela Pessoa , Lira Pedro Israel Cabral , Rissin Anete , Cruz Rachel de Sá Barreto Luna Callou , Batista Filho Malaquias
Published: August 2019

Resumo Objetiva-se analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados às Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (DCNT), em adultos residentes numa área urbana de pobreza situada em Recife, Nordeste do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com amostra de 631 adultos de 20 a 59 anos. Analisaram-se possíveis associações das DCNT com fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos, comportamentais e relativos à saúde, por meio de Regressão de Poisson, considerando-se como estatisticamente significantes aqueles com valor de p < 0,05. A prevalência de DCNT foi de 56,7%, sendo maior no sexo masculino (60,8%), entre os adultos com 50-59 anos (80,5%), de menor classe econômica (57,7%) e menor nível de instrução (62%). O problema também predominou entre aqueles com IMC ≥ 25Kg/m2 (34,2%) e que referiram estado de saúde ruim (76,4%). No modelo multivariado hierarquizado, as variáveis estatisticamente significantes foram: escolaridade, IMC, percepção da própria saúde, sexo e faixa etária. Observou-se, neste estudo, uma elevada prevalência de pelo menos uma DCNT, bem como, associação estatisticamente significante entre DCNT e as variáveis: escolaridade, IMC, percepção da própria saúde, sexo e faixa etária. Estes resultados sugerem a necessidade de se intensificar as ações de promoção à saúde, em comunidades carentes, com vistas ao seu melhor controle.
Os desafios atuais da luta pelo direito universal à saúde no Brasil
Authors: Souza Luis Eugenio Portela Fernandes de , Paim Jairnilson Silva , Teixeira Carmen Fontes , Bahia Lígia , Guimarães Reinaldo , Almeida-Filho Naomar de , Machado Cristiani Vieira , Campos Gastão Wagner , Azevedo-e-Silva Gulnar
Published: August 2019

Resumo Desde a promulgação da Constituição federal de 1988, o Brasil mudou muito. Na saúde, embora tenham ocorrido avanços importantes, persistem problemas antigos e novos têm surgido. O objetivo maior de assegurar o direito universal à saúde não foi alcançado. Em 2019, realiza-se a 16ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde, momento oportuno para analisar a história, o momento presente e as tendências que se anunciam. Este texto busca contribuir para essa análise, com base nos resultados de estudos sobre a evolução das condições de saúde da população e do sistema de saúde brasileiro nos últimos 30 anos. Identifica o fortalecimento do setor privado e do capital na área da saúde, em detrimento do interesse público e do SUS. Por fim, discute as estratégias de luta pelo direito à saúde necessárias e possíveis no contexto atual.
Spatial-temporal variation in litterfall in seasonally dry tropical forests in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Araújo V. F. P. , Barbosa M. R. V. , Araújo J. P. , Vasconcellos A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract The production of litterfall is essential for nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. From November 2009 to October 2011, analyzed the monthly litterfall production in two areas of Caatinga, a type of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest located in the Cariri Paraibano, in the semiarid region of the Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. One of the areas, Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Fazenda Almas, is legally protected, and the other, Fazenda Moreiras, does not. The aims were to evaluate the effects of precipitation, evapotranspiration and vegetation structure on the temporal and spatial dynamics of litterfall production. Eight sampling points were randomly chosen at each site, and two 1 m2 collectors were installed 50 m apart from each other. The collected material was sorted, dried and weighed. Additionally, the characteristics (density, species richness, height and mean basal area) of the tree-shrub stratum in plots with a 10 m radius surrounding each collector. Total litterfall production was 4,500 kg ha-1 yr-1 for Fazenda Almas and 3,300 kg ha-1 yr-1 for Fazenda Moreiras; these values were within the expected range for Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests. The inter- and intra-annual variation in litterfall production was positively correlated with precipitation and evapotranspiration rates, and four months after the highest precipitation rates, there was a marked decrease in litterfall occurred during the dry season. Furthermore, the contributions of the material fractions were distinct with the leaf fraction representing for more than 60% of the litterfall, and the vegetation structure explained 75% of the variation in litterfall production. Therefore, climatic factors and vegetation structure affect the temporal and spatial dynamics of litterfall production and consequently influence nutrient dynamics in the semiarid region of Brazil.
Phyto- and Bio-Chemical evaluation of Diospyros kaki L. cultivated in Egypt and its biological activities
Authors: El-Hawary S. S. , Tadros S. H. , AbdelMohsen M. M. , Mohamed M. S. , El Sheikh E. , Nazif N. M. , ElNasr M. S.
Published: August 2019

Abstract Diospyros kaki L. or Costata cultivar is the main persimmon variety progressively consumed in the Egyptian market and exportation. The objective of this study was to investigate the bioprotective effects of the alcoholic extract of fruits as well as leaves of D. kaki using in-vivo rat models. Petroleum ether extracts of fruits and leaves were analytically characterized for saponifiable and unsaponifiable compounds by GC/MS. Main flavonoids were chromatographically isolated from 80% aqueous methanol extract of leaves. Chemical evaluation for fruits and leaves namely, content of moisture, ash, proteins, fatty acids, amino acids, fat and water soluble vitamins, minerals, carotenoids was carried out. Total antioxidant activity was determined by radical scavenging effects using DPPH assay. The effect on biochemical parameters and its biological activity were also performed. Results revealed the identification of the major compounds of saponifiable and unsaponifiable matters of fruits and leaves. Scopoletin, as well as, kaempferol, luteolin, rutin and apigenin 7-O-glucoside were isolated and identified. It showed that this plant can provide a good nutritional value and it is safe regarding the kidney and liver functions, good source that help in enhancing the antioxidant defense against free radicals. No abnormal effects were found in lipids profile on experimental animals and there were good results in the ratio of HDL and LDL cholesterol. Also, this plant can help in optimizing blood sugar, enhancing the level of blood haemoglobin. It is concluded that D. kaki displays a good source of nutrients and bioactive compounds that may contribute to its therapeutic benefits against the risk of disease complications.
Isolation and characterization of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria from gas station leaking-contaminated groundwater in the Southern Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Lima S. D. , Oliveira A. F. , Golin R. , Lopes V. C. P. , Caixeta D. S. , Lima Z. M. , Morais E. B.
Published: August 2019

Abstract Twenty-three hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria strains were isolated from gas station leaking-contaminated groundwater located in the Southern Amazon, Brazil. Based on hydrocarbon (diesel, hexadecane, benzene, toluene and xylene) degradation ability, two strains were selected for further study. The amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that these two strains belonged to the genus Bacillus (Bacillus sp. L26 and Bacillus sp. L30). GC-MS analysis showed that strain L30 was the most effective in degrading n-alkane (C10-C27) from diesel after 7 days of cultivation in mineral medium. Both strains produced biosurfactants and showed emulsification activity, specially the strain L30. Alkane hydroxylase gene (group III), which is important for alkane biodegradation, was present in strains. As a result, this study indicated that these bacteria could have promising applications in hydrocarbon bioremediation.
Spatial distribution in marine invertebrates in rocky shore of Araucania Region (38° S, Chile)
Authors: De los Ríos P. , Carreño E.
Published: August 2019

Abstract The rocky shores in Chile have a wide invertebrate species diversity, that include species with marked abundances in determined regions. The aim of the present study is to analyse the spatial distribution pattern in different marine invertebrate species in rocky shore of Araucania region, considering if these species have random, uniform or associated patterns, and extrapolate if these patterns have Poisson, binomial or negative binomial distribution respectively. The results revealed the presence mainly of gastropods molluscs that would graze on benthic algae, these species have mainly aggregated pattern that has a robust negative binomial distribution pattern. The obtained results agree with observations for marine benthic fauna that mentioned the presence of aggregated pattern, has negative binomial distribution. Other ecological topics about spatial distribution were discussed.
First record of Cynomops planirostris (Peters, 1865) (Chiroptera, Molossidae) from Maranhão state, Brazil, based on morphological and molecular data
Authors: Mendes S. B. , Lima A. C. S. , Reis T. S. , Fraga E. C. , Barros M. C.
Published: August 2019

Abstract Based on morphological and molecular data, we present the first record of Cynomops planirostris for the State of Maranhão. The specimen was collected in the Inhamum Municipal Environmental Protection Area in Maranhão, Brazil and characterized morphologically as an adult male with scrotal testicles, dorsal pelage reddish chestnut, with ventral pelage slightly lighter in color, forearm length 34.70-34.80mm dental formula i:1/1, c:1/1, pm:1/2, m:3/3 = 26. The sequence of the Cytochrome Oxidase I subunit (COI) molecular marker confirmed the morphological diagnosis of the specimen as C. planirostris with significant similarities. The combined analysis of both morphological and molecular confirmed the occurrence of C. planirostris in the Brazilian state of Maranhão, in the Cerrado biome and records extends the known geographic distribution of the species by 411.30 km.
Las Podostemaceae como hábitat para los macroinvertebrados en arroyos de Misiones (Argentina)
Authors: Zambiasio Violeta A. , Gallardo Luciana I. , Poi Alicia S. G. , Coronel Juan M.
Published: August 2019

RESUMEN Las Podostemaceae son importantes componentes de las mallas tróficas de los ambientes reófilos pero su importancia como hábitat para los invertebrados es poco conocida. En este estudio se analizó la variación temporal de la abundancia y riqueza de taxa de los macroinvertebrados asociados a Podostemum distichum y Podostemum muelleri (Malpighiales: Podostemaceae) en dos arroyos de bajo orden durante diferentes estaciones del año. La abundancia total promedio difirió entre fechas de muestreo, pero no entre arroyos. Se registraron 14 familias de macroinvertebrados distribuidas en 9 órdenes en ambos arroyos. El Análisis de Escalamiento Multidimensional No Métrico (NMDS) reflejó también diferencias en el patrón estacional. Tanto el coeficiente de similitud como el de complementariedad, indican que ambos arroyos fueron muy similares en cuanto a la composición de las familias de macroinvertebrados. Las especies de Podostemaceae dominantes en cada arroyo constituyen hábitats de diversidad intermedia de acuerdo al índice de diversidad utilizado.
Melatonin may prevent or reverse polycystic ovary syndrome in rats
Authors: Lombardi Leonardo Augusto , Mattos Leandro Sabará de , Simões Ricardo Santos , Florencio-Silva Rinaldo , Sasso Gisela Rodrigues da Silva , Carbonel Adriana Aparecida Ferraz , Simões Manuel Jesus , Baracat Edmund Chada , Soares Jr José Maria
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ovarian effects of melatonin (Mel) in a rat model of polycystic-ovary-syndrome (PCOS) before and after permanent estrus induction. METHODS Thirty-two adult-female rats with regular estrous cycle were equally divided into four groups: 1) GCtrl – at estrous phase. 2) GPCOS - at permanent-estrous phase. 3) GMel1 – treated for 60 days with Mel (0.4 mg/Kg) during permanent estrus induction and 4) GMel2 – rats with PCOS and treated for 60 days with Mel. After that, the animals were euthanized, and the ovaries were removed and processed for paraffin embedding. Sections were stained with H.E. for histomorphometry or subjected to immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 and cleaved caspase-3 (Casp-3) detections. RESULTS The GPCOS showed lack of corpus luteum and several ovarian cysts, as well as interstitial-like cells. The presence of corpus luteum and a significant increase in primary and antral follicles were observed in Mel-treated groups, which also showed a decrease in the number of ovarian cysts and in the area occupied by interstitial-like cells. These results were more evident in GMel1. The percentage of Ki-67-positive cells was significantly higher in the Mel-treated groups, mainly in the GMel2, as compared to GPCOS. On the other hand, the percentage of Casp-3-positive cells was significantly lower in granulosa cells of GMel1, whereas it was significantly higher in the interstitial-like cells of GMel2, in comparison to GPCOS. CONCLUSION Melatonin administration prevents the permanent estrus state in the PCOS rat model. This effect is more efficient when melatonin is administered before permanent estrus induction.
Effect of the fatty acid composition of meals on postprandial energy expenditure: a systematic review
Authors: Cisneros Lucía Cristina Vázquez , Moreno Alma Gabriela Martínez , López-Espinoza Antonio , Espinoza-Gallardo Ana Cristina
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY The energy imbalance produced by an increase in caloric intake and/or decrease in energy expenditure induces obesity. However, the fatty acid composition of a diet can affect the metabolism in different ways, having a role in the development of obesity. AIM To determine the effect of different fatty acids types and composition on Diet-Induced Thermogenesis (DIT) and postprandial energy expenditure in humans. METHODS A search in the PubMed and Web of Science databases, yielded a total of 269 potential articles as a first result; 254 were excluded according to the criteria. RESULTS Fifteen articles were used for this systematic review. The studies analyzed report different effects of the fatty acids of the treatment on the diet-induced thermogenesis. Evidence indicates that the consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids causes a greater DIT than saturated fatty acids. Also, the consumption of medium-chain fatty acids compared to long-chain fatty acids has been shown to increase DIT. Likewise, the use of certain oils has shown positive effects on postprandial energy expenditure, as is the case of olive oil, compared to rapeseed oil. CONCLUSIONS The use of specific types of fatty acids in the everyday diet can increase postprandial energy expenditure in humans. Nevertheless, longer-term studies are required.
Pulmonary hypertension could be a risk for deep vein thrombosis in lower extremities after joint replacement surgery
Authors: Rexiti Paerhati , Wutiku Minawaer , Wulamu Wuhuzi , Bai FengZhou , Cao Li
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY A background of Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) indicates a progressive elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to overfilling, elevation of venous pressure, congestion in various organs, and edema in the venous system. This study aimed to investigate whether PH is a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities after hip and knee replacement surgery. METHODS A total of 238 patients who received joint replacement of lower extremities in our department of orthopedics from January 2009 to January 2012 were examined by echocardiography and Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) of the lower extremities. Based on pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), the patients were divided into a normal PAP group (n=214) and PH group (n=24). All the patients were re-examined by CDFI during post-operative care. RESULTS Among the 238 patients, 18 had DVT in the lower extremities after the operation. DVT total incidence rate was 7.56% (18/238). In the PH group, 11 patients had DVT (45.83%, 11/24), but in the normal PAP group, only 7 had DVT (3.27%, 7/214). The incidence of DVT was significantly lower in the normal PAP group than in the PH group (P<0.01). In addition, there was a positive correlation between PAP and the incidence of DVT. CONCLUSION PH could be a high-risk factor for the occurrence of DVT in patient’s lower extremities after joint replacement surgeries.
The role of maximum compressed thickness of the quadriceps femoris muscle measured by ultrasonography in assessing nutritional risk in critically-ill patients with different volume statuses
Authors: Özdemir Uğur , Özdemir Merve , Aygencel Gulbin , Kaya Burcu , Türkoğlu Melda
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY PURPOSE In this prospective observational study, we aimed to investigate the role of the maximum compressed (MC) and uncompressed (UC) thickness of the quadriceps femoris muscle (QFMT) measured by ultrasonography (USG) in the detection of nutritional risk in intensive care patients (ICPs) with different volume status. METHODS 55 patients were included. Right, left, and total ucQFMT and mcQFMT measurements were obtained by a standard USG device within the first 48 hours after ICU admission. Clinical examination and the USG device were used to determine the volume status of the patients. SOFA, APACHE II, modified NUTRIC scores, and demographic data were collected. RESULTS There was a significant difference between the nutritional risk of patients in terms of left, right, and total mcQFMT measurements (p=0.025, p=0.039; p=0.028, respectively), mechanical ventilation requirement (p=0.014), presence of infection (p=0.019), and sepsis (p=0.006). There was no significant difference between different volume statuses in terms of mcQFMT measurements. In the multi-variance analysis, mcQFMT measurements were found to be independently associated with high nutritional risk (p=0.019, Exp(B)=0.256, 95%CI=0.082-0.800 for modified NUTRIC score ≥ 5), and higher nutritional risk (p=0.009, Exp(B)=0.144, 95%CI=0.033-0.620 for modified NUTRIC score ≥ 6). a Total mcQFMT value below 1.36 cm was a predictor for higher nutritional risk with 79% sensitivity and 70% specificity (AUC=0.749, p=0.002, likelihood ratio=2.04). CONCLUSION Ultrasonographic measurement of total mcQFMT can be used as a novel nutritional risk assessment parameter in medical ICPs with different volume statuses. Thus, patients who could benefit from aggressive nutritional therapy can be easily identified in these patient groups.
Combination of GI-RADS and 3D-CEUS for differential diagnosis of ovarian masses
Authors: Wang Xiali , ShupingYang  , Lv Guorong , Liao Jianmei , Wu Shufen , Zhang Weina
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of gynecologic imaging reporting and data system (GI-RADS) ultrasonographic stratification and three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (3D-CEUS) in order to distinguish malignant from benign ovarian masses. METHODS In this study, 102 patients with ovarian masses were examined by both two-dimensional ultrasound(2D-US) and 3D-CEUS. Sonographic features of ovarian masses obtained from 3D-CEUS were analyzed and compared with 2D-US. All patients with ovarian masses were confirmed by operational pathology or long-term follow-up results. RESULTS (1)The Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression analysis confirmed that there were only eight independent predictors of malignant masses, including thick septa (≥3mm), thick papillary projections(≥7mm), solid areas, presence of ascites, central vascularization, contrast enhancement, distribution of contrast agent, and vascular characteristics of the solid part and their odds ratios which were 5.52, 5.39, 4.94, 4.34, 5.92, 7.44, 6.09, and 7.67, respectively (P<0.05). (2)These eight signs were used to combine the GI-RADS with 3D-CEUS scoring system in which the corresponding value of the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.969, which was superior to using GI-RADS lonely (Z-value=1.64, P<0.025). Using 4 points as the cut-off, the scoring system showed the performance was clearly better than using GI-RADS alone (P<0.05). (3) The Kappa value was 0.872 for two different clinicians with equal experience. CONCLUSIONS The combination of GI-RADS and 3D-CEUS scoring system would be a more effective method to distinguish malignant from benign ovarian masses.
Renal angiomyolipoma
Authors: Çalışkan Selahattin , Gümrükçü Gülistan , Özsoy Emrah , Topaktas Ramazan , Öztürk Metin İshak
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Angiomyolipoma is one of the most common benign solid renal tumors. We investigated the characteristics of renal angiomyolipomas and the clinical outcomes of patients in the last thirteen years. METHODS The medical records of the patients who underwent nephrectomy were reviewed retrospectively from July 2005 to May 2018. The laboratory data, radiology, and pathology reports were recorded. Patients diagnosed with angiomyolipoma were included in the study. RESULTS A total of 28 patients were included in the study, eight of them male. The mean age of the patients was 55.89+14.49 years. The patients were treated with open and laparoscopic techniques. Partial nephrectomy was performed in 12 patients(42.85%). After pathological examination, 23 patients were diagnosed as fat rich, four patients as fat poor, and one as epithelioid angiomyolipoma. There were no recurrences in the follow-up 91.21+48.31 months. CONCLUSION Angiomyolipoma is a rare renal tumor in daily urology practice. Clinicians must be aware of its complications and manage patients well.
Low triiodothyronine syndrome is associated with platelet function in patients with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Wu Jianhua , Guo Naifeng , Chen Xiaolan , Xing ChangYing
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of low triiodothyronine syndrome (LT3S) on platelet function and clotting factors in patients with nephrotic syndrome(NS). METHODS Patients with primary nephrotic syndrome were divided into two groups, normal thyroid function (group A) and LT3S (group B), based on whether they had LT3S or not. Healthy subjects were selected as the control group (group C). Blood coagulation function was detected in each group. The platelet activation function (CD62P, CD63) was determined by flow cytometry. The platelet aggregation rate was detected by an optical method using adenosine diphosphate and arachidonic acid as inducers. RESULTS The proportion of primary nephrotic syndrome with LT3S was 23.2% (69/298). Compared with group C, group A had higher CD62P and PAgTADP, and group B had higher CD62P, CD63, PAgTAA, and PAgTADP; the difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in renal pathology between group A and group B (X2 = 4.957, P = 0.421). Compared with group A, the 24-hour urine protein, CD63, PAgTAA, and PAgTADP were higher in group B, and APTT and Alb were lower. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that LT3S was associated with CD36 (OR: 3.516; 95% CI: 1.742~8.186; P = 0.004) and PAgTAA (OR: 0.442; 95% CI: 1.001~1.251; P = 0.037). CONCLUSION NS patients are prone to LT3S. Patients with LT3S may have abnormal platelet activation and increase of platelet aggregation.
Performance of the STOP-Bang in the Detection of OSA, a Brazilian study
Authors: Rodrigues Filho Júlio Cezar , Neves Denise Duprat , Araujo-Melo Maria Helena de
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES Assess the performance of the Stop-Bang questionnaire in Brazilian patients for the screening of OSA. METHODS A cross-sectional study with historical and consecutive analysis of all patients who underwent polysomnography tests in the Sleeping Sector of the Ear, Nose, and Throat, and Cardiopulmonary (LabSono) Departments of the Gaffrée and Guinle University Hospital (HUGG), from 10/17/2011 to 04/16/2015. The variables relating to the SB questionnaire were collected by direct research from the medical records of patients. RESULTS In a series of 83 patients, we found that our sample were similar to other studies conducted in specialized centers of Sleep Medicine, and the population presented characteristics similar to those found by studies in Latin America. Men and women only behaved similarly in relation to the presence of Observed Apnea and body mass index, with a predominance of women who had systemic hypertension over men. In our study, the discriminatory value of 4 or more positive answers to the questionnaire had the best performance in identifying patients with an hourly Apnea-Hypopnea Index greater than 15/h, with a sensitivity of 72.97% (55.9% - 86.2%) and specificity of 67.39% (52.0% - 80.5%). CONCLUSIONS The Stop-Bang questionnaire proved to be, in our sample, a good screening instrument for diagnosing OSA Syndrome.
Claudia nas décadas de 1970-1980 - Feminismo, antifeminismo e a superação de um suposto passado radical
Authors: Mello Soraia Carolina de
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Observando números da Revista Claudia publicados no Brasil entre 1970 e 1990, esse artigo busca compreender, de um ponto de vista historiográfico, a proliferação de discursos antifeministas na publicação a partir da segunda metade da década de 1980. O antifeminismo como ideia corrente nunca abandonou totalmente a revista. Contudo, discursos de rejeição de um suposto passado radical do movimento foram difundidos na publicação no período, inclusive por mulheres diretamente associadas à história dos feminismos dessa geração, o que instigou o desenvolvimento desta análise. É, portanto, a partir dessa observação, com base em bibliografia de referência sobre a temática e em parte da produção impressa dos feminismos do período, que o artigo se constrói.
Masculinidades melodramáticas en tres filmes de Sandro
Authors: Navone Santiago
Published: August 2019

Resumen: En el presente artículo nos proponemos realizar un análisis de las representaciones masculinas presentes en tres melodramas argentinos de principios de los 70 protagonizados por Roberto Sánchez, mejor conocido como Sandro: Muchacho (1970); Siempre te amaré (1971), y Embrujo de amor (1971), dirigidas por Leo Flendeir. Desde una perspectiva de género, las tramas melodramáticas presentes en estos tres filmes pueden pensarse como un rito de pasaje desde una desvirilización juvenil a la conquista de la hombría vinculada a la concreción del amor heterosexual. En este esquema, el cuerpo masculino es presentado en pantalla como un objeto de deseo e identificación desde la cámara, presentando marcas de raza y clase que se condensan dentro de las escenas musicales de los filmes, de las cuales también se analizaran las letras de los temas que las constituyen. El artículo indaga cómo la performance de Sandro potencia sentidos y formas de representación que tensionan los estándares hegemónicos de género de la época.
Women’s Scientific Participation in Political Science and International Relations in Brazil
Authors: Mendes Marcos Vinícius Isaias , Figueira Ariane Cristine Roder
Published: August 2019

Abstract: This article maps the participation of women in Brazilian scientific production in the areas of Political Science and International Relations, from 2006 to 2016. To do so, six indicators were created, to measure women’s participation in the production of master’s dissertations, doctoral theses and scientific papers, as well as their participation as faculty members of graduate programs and their presence on editorial boards of important Brazilian Journals in these fields. The results revealed that, despite an increasing participation of women in recent years, the space they occupy is still underrepresented, especially when considering strategic positions related to education and research.
Des(p)ejo das palavras: relendo os primeiros diários de Carolina Maria de Jesus
Authors: Silva Rafael Guimarães Tavares da
Published: August 2019

Resumo: A obra de estreia de Carolina Maria de Jesus, Quarto de despejo, foi sucesso de público, embora suas obras seguintes tenham sido envoltas por um silêncio profundo no Brasil. Buscando situar esse silêncio na problemática que diz respeito à figura de uma escritora “pobre, negra e mulher”, pretendo reler seus primeiros diários e sugerir certos aspectos de seu fecundo trabalho com a linguagem, demonstrando a existência de um processo poderoso e emancipatório de subjetivação, ainda que não isento de ambiguidades.
Aproximações possíveis entre os estudos da deficiência e as teorias feministas e de gênero
Authors: Magnabosco Molise de Bem , Souza Leonardo Lemos de
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Os estudos feministas e de gênero e aqueles sobre as deficiências constituem, tradicionalmente, campos separados de pesquisa e teorização, tendo cada um objetos e âmbitos distintos e bem definidos. Na década de 1990, tais perspectivas foram problematizadas por mulheres com deficiências pesquisadoras das teorias feministas, que apontaram tanto as limitações de ambos os campos quanto a necessidade de articulá-los para constituir perspectivas mais complexas de compreensão da sociedade como um todo. Nesse sentido, este trabalho busca estabelecer tais articulações, pensando o campo das deficiências a partir dos estudos feministas e de gênero, em uma perspectiva queer/crip de interrogação da sociedade com vistas à constituição de um mundo aleijado.
Crianças, seus cérebros... e além: Reflexões em torno de uma ética feminista de pesquisa
Authors: Fonseca Claudia Lee Williams
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Nesse artigo, em interlocução com autores dos estudos da ciência assim como das teorias feministas de cuidado, reflito sobre dilemas éticos associados à participação do cientista social na arena multidisciplinar das políticas públicas. Construo meu objeto de análise a partir de uma imagem que surge com frequência nos debates sobre políticas de proteção à infância que justapõe dois cérebros infantis -- um etiquetado “normal”, o outro, “negligência extrema”. Ao rastrear, através de atores e situações concretos, a trajetória pouco ortodoxa desse artefato das neurociências, proponho reforçar uma visão crítica sobre os usos populares da ciência que tendem a ofuscar os juízes de valor implícitos em qualquer fato científico. Por outro lado, num exercício autorreflexivo, procuro entender como o “importar-se” da pesquisadora, nas suas diversas manifestações, tem implicações para o devir ético e político dos mundos sob consideração.
Vitaminas antioxidantes na Doença de Parkinson
Authors: Dantas Anny Motta Coutinho , Frank Andréa Abdala , Soares Eliane Abreu
Published: August 2019

Resumo A doença de Parkinson é uma enfermidade neurodegenerativa caracterizada pela presença de rigidez, tremor e bradicinesia, sendo um dos distúrbios do movimento mais encontrados na população idosa. Estudos mostraram que o estresse oxidativo, o uso prolongado da droga levodopa no tratamento dessa doença e o aumento da concentração plasmática de homocisteína são agentes que agravam os sintomas. Muitos nutrientes estão sendo pesquisados tanto na prevenção como no tratamento da doença, dentre os quais se destacam as vitaminas antioxidantes. Houve recentemente aumento do número de pesquisas sobre a ação dessas vitaminas, atenuando os danos causados ao cérebro nesses pacientes. Desta forma, o artigo teve como objetivo reunir, na literatura científica, informações recentes sobre a influência das vitaminas C, E, B6, B12 e folato na doença de Parkinson. Embora as evidências do efeito dessas vitaminas nos pacientes com a doença sejam comprovadas em algumas pesquisas, ainda há controvérsias entre os autores, sendo necessário realizar mais estudos sobre o assunto.
O trabalho de consciência corporal humanizado em idosos com transtorno cognitivo
Authors: Habib Ana Lucia Casamasso Machado da Costa , Caldas Célia Pereira
Published: August 2019

Resumo Com o aumento da expectativa de vida em muitos países, houve um aumento da incidência e prevalência de enfermidades incapacitantes dentre elas os transtornos cognitivos. Sendo o processo de envelhecimento multifatorial e singular, e o idoso muitas vezes tido em uma vertente exclusivamente fenomênica. O presente estudo teve por objetivo verificar na literatura se o trabalho de consciência corporal humanizado otimiza o processo de cognição em pacientes idosos com transtorno cognitivo. A metodologia empregada foi a revisão bibliográfica com uma perspectiva crítica. Concluiu-se que existe uma carência eminente de estudos que desenvolvam estratégias que viabilizem a prevenção, o adiamento e o tratamento dos processos demenciais, bem como, do aspecto humano relacionado ao processo de cognição.
Validation of a questionnaire for the evaluation of informal social support for the elderly: section 2.
Authors: Guedes Marcello Barbosa Otoni Gonçalves , Guedes Thais Sousa Rodrigues , Lima André Luiz , Lima Kenio Costa
Published: August 2019

Abstract Objective: The objective of the study was to carry out the factorial validation of the questionnaire for the evaluation of informal social support (ASI) for the elderly. Method: It is a descriptive, observational, quantitative type research. It was executed between August and December of 2016 in the municipality of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte and other locations in Brazil. In Inclusion criteria, were have age 60 or older and cognitive ability preserved. We performed Exploratory Factor Analysis (AFE). As criterion of exclusion of the items was adopted a reference value greater than or equal to 0.35 of factorial load and greater or equal to 0.5 of commonality per item. To determine the amount of retained factors, the criteria of own values>1, minimum cumulative explained variance of 60% and parallel Horn analysis were observed. Results: A sample of 259 elderly people from the five regions of Brazil was obtained. After AFE, 4 items were excluded due to the poverty of their factorial loads, remaining 20 items in 4 retained factors. Conclusion: The instrument has good psychometric properties, such as acceptable factor loads and excellent commonalities.
Evaluation of functional disability and associated factors in the elderly
Authors: Aguiar Bruna Menezes , Silva Patrícia Oliveira , Vieira Maria Aparecida , Costa Fernanda Marques da , Carneiro Jair Almeida
Published: August 2019

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence and self-reported socio-demographic and health factors associated with functional disability in basic and instrumental activities of daily living among the elderly. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out, based on a representative sample of elderly people receiving care at a reference unit in the north of the state of Minas Gerais. The data were collected in 2015. Demographic and socioeconomic variables, morbidity, hospitalizations in the previous year, frailty (Edmonton Frail Scale), geriatric depression (GDS-15), and functional disability (Katz Index, Lawton and Brody Scales) were analyzed. Multiple analysis was performed using Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: 360 elderly people aged 65 years and over participated in the study. The prevalence of functional disability for Basic Activities of Daily Living was 21.4% while for instrumental activities it was 78.3%. Functional disability in basic activities was higher among elderly males (p=0.03) who had suffered strokes (p=0.00) and were frail (p=0.00), while for instrumental activities it was higher among older elderly persons (p=0.04); who were illiterate (p=0.00), had less than five years of schooling (p=0.02); had depressive symptoms (p=0.00) and were frail (p=0.00). It was lower among elderly persons who lived alone. Conclusion: A high prevalence of functional disability was identified among the elderly for instrumental activities of daily living, demonstrating the need for an effective and immediate approach by health professionals, who should employ preventive care in order to tackle this problem.