bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemagglutinin Quantitative ELISA-based Potency Assay for Trivalent Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Using Group-Specific Universal Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Chae Wonil , Kim Paul , Kim Hanna , Cheong Yu Cheol , Kim Young-Seok , Kang Sang Moo , Seong Baik L.
Published: December 2019

The assurance of vaccine potency is important for the timely release and distribution of influenza vaccines. As an alternative to Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID), we report a new quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV). The consensus hemagglutinin (cHA) stalks for group 1 influenza A virus (IAV), group 2 IAV, and influenza B virus (IBV) were designed and produced in bacterial recombinant host in a soluble form, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated. The group-specific ‘universal’ mAbs (uAbs) bound to various subtypes of HAs in the same group from recombinant hosts, embryonated eggs, and commercial vaccine lots. The calibration curves were generated to assess the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and linear dynamic range. The quantitative ELISA was validated for the potency assay of individual components of TIV- H1, H3, and IBV- with good correlation with the SRID method. This new assay could be extended to pandemic or pre-pandemic mock-up vaccines of H5 of group 1 and H7 virus of group 2, and novel HA stalk-based universal vaccines.
Genetic association of E26 transformation specific sequence 1 polymorphisms with the susceptibility of primary biliary cholangitis in China
Authors: Xu Huan , Niu Qian , Su Zhenzhen , Wang Fang , Zhang Junlong , Yang Bin , Huang Zhuochun
Published: December 2019

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic and cholestatic liver disease characterized by an autoimmune-mediated destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts. E26 transformation specific sequence 1 (ETS-1) is a transcription factor regulating the expression of various immune-related genes. The aim of our study was to identify the associations between the gene polymorphisms of ETS-1 with the susceptibility and clinical characteristics of PBC in Chinese Han population. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs4937333, rs11221332 and rs73013527) of ETS-1 were selected based on relevant studies. Genotyping was executed with polymerase chain reaction-high resolution melting (PCR-HRM) assay. SNP rs4937333 of ETS-1 was prominent correlation with the susceptibility of PBC (P = 0.007, OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.10–1.88). For rs4937333, PBC patients carrying the allele T assumed high-level TP (P = 0.020), and homozygous genotype TT assumed low-level RDW (P = 0.033). For rs11221332, PBC patients carrying the allele T assumed high-level TP and HDLC (P = 0.004, P = 0.015, respectively). For rs73013527, PBC patients carrying the allele T assumed low-level PLT (P = 0.002), and homozygous genotype TT assumed high-level RDW (P = 0.021). In conclusion, Gene polymorphisms of ETS-1 present relevant with the susceptibility of PBC, and affect the expression of TP, HDLC, PLT and RDW concentrations in patients with PBC.
Retinopathy of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia are Independent Antecedents of Cortical Maturational Abnormalities in Very Preterm Infants
Authors: Kline Julia E. , Illapani Venkata Sita Priyanka , He Lili , Altaye Mekibib , Parikh Nehal A.
Published: December 2019

Very preterm (VPT) infants are at high-risk for neurodevelopmental
impairments, however there are few validated biomarkers at term-equivalent age that
accurately measure abnormal brain development and predict future impairments. Our
objectives were to quantify and contrast cortical features between full-term and VPT
infants at term and to associate two key antecedent risk factors, bronchopulmonary
dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), with cortical maturational
changes in VPT infants. We prospectively enrolled a population-based cohort of 110
VPT infants (gestational age ≤31 weeks) and 51 healthy full-term infants
(gestational age 38–42 weeks). Structural brain MRI was performed at term.
94 VPT infants and 46 full-term infants with high-quality T2-weighted MRI were
analyzed. As compared to full-term infants, VPT infants exhibited significant global
cortical maturational abnormalities, including reduced surface area (−5.9%)
and gyrification (−6.7%) and increased curvature (5.9%). In multivariable
regression controlled for important covariates, BPD was significantly negatively
correlated with lobar and global cortical surface area and ROP was significantly
negatively correlated with lobar and global sulcal depth in VPT infants. Our cohort
of VPT infants exhibited widespread cortical maturation abnormalities by
term-equivalent age that were in part anteceded by two of the most potent neonatal
diseases, BPD and ROP.
Urinary bladder matrix scaffolds improve endometrial regeneration in a rat model of intrauterine adhesions
Authors: Zhang Honghong , Zhang Qing , Zhang Jian , Sheng Fei , Wu Shuang , Yang Fu , Li Wen
Published: December 2019

UBM contributes to endometrial regeneration and improves endometrium receptivity, and has the potential to become a new treatment for IUAs.
Structural characterization and magnetic property studies of a mixed-valence {CoIIICoII4} complex with a μ4-oxo tetrahedral {CoII4} motif
Authors: Fiorini Guillermo , Carrella Luca , Rentschler Eva , Alborés Pablo
Published: December 2019

We report a combined computational and experimental study of magnetic behaviour in a mixed valence {CoIIICoII4} complex with a tetrahedral μ4O-CoII4 core.
CfbA promotes insertion of cobalt and nickel into ruffled tetrapyrrolesin vitro
Authors: Schuelke-Sanchez Ariel E. , Stone Alissa A. , Liptak Matthew D.
Published: December 2019

CfbA inserts a labile metal into a ruffled tetrapyrrole.
Methanol-assisted synthesis of Ni3+-doped ultrathin NiZn-LDH nanomeshes for boosted alkaline water splitting
Authors: Gong Yingbo , Huang Jianfeng , Cao Liyun , Kajiyoshi Koji , Yang Dan , Feng Yongqiang , Kou Lingjiang , Feng Liangliang
Published: December 2019

We rationally synthesized a novel Ni3+-doped ultrathin NiZn-LDH nanomesh supported on nickel foam via a facile one-step methanol-assisted hydrothermal method.
Coupled-substituted double-layer Aurivillius niobates: structures, magnetism and solar photocatalysis
Authors: Rani Sonia , Naresh Gollapally , Mandal Tapas Kumar
Published: December 2019

Heterovalent coupled-substituted double-layer Aurivillius niobates, LaBi2Nb1.5M0.5O9 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co), show interesting structural and magnetic characteristics in addition to sunlight-driven photocatalytic activity.
Interaction of Np(v) with borate in alkaline, dilute-to-concentrated, NaCl and MgCl2solutions
Authors: Hinz K. , Fellhauer D. , Gaona X. , Vespa M. , Dardenne K. , Schild D. , Yokosawa T. , Silver M. A. , Reed D. T. , Albrecht-Schmitt T. E. , Altmaier M. , Geckeis H.
Published: December 2019

The formation of sparingly soluble ternary Na/Mg–Np(v)–borate(s) solid phases in alkaline, dilute-to-concentrated, NaCl and MgCl2solutions is confirmed by a multimethod experimental approach.
Influence of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) on the hydrolysis of a diphosphene
Authors: Dhara Debabrata , Das Shubhajit , Kalita Pankaj , Maiti Avijit , Pati Swapan K. , Scheschkewitz David , Chandrasekhar Vadapalli , Jana Anukul
Published: December 2019

Irrespective of reversible coordination or non-coordination of NHC to the diphosphene; the presence of it in a stoichiometric or even in catalytic leads to the hydrolysis of diphosphene.
The unique β-diketiminate ligand in aluminum(i) and gallium(i) chemistry
Authors: Zhong Mingdong , Sinhababu Soumen , Roesky Herbert W.
Published: December 2019

Herein we present an overview of the last 10 years for aluminum(i) and gallium(i) stabilized by β-diketiminate ligands that undergo a series of oxidative addition reactions with molecules containing single and multiple bonds.
Luteolin reduces fat storage inCaenorhabditis elegansby promoting the central serotonin pathway
Authors: Lin Yan , Yang Nan , Bao Bin , Wang Lu , Chen Juan , Liu Jian
Published: December 2019

Luteolin promotes central serotonin signaling to induce fat loss.
Chiral nanohole arrays
Authors: Ai Bin , Luong Hoang M. , Zhao Yiping
Published: December 2019

Ultra-thin chiral nanohole array films are fabricated by a simple and efficient shadow sphere lithography (SSL) method and achieve label-free enantiodiscrimination of biomolecules and drug molecules at the picogram level.
Photocatalytic coatings based on a zinc(ii) phthalocyanine derivative immobilized on nanoporous gold leafs with various pore sizes
Authors: Steinebrunner David , Schnurpfeil Günter , Wöhrle Dieter , Wittstock Arne
Published: December 2019

A series of hybrid materials consisting of a zinc(ii) phthalocyanine derivative immobilized on nanoporous gold leafs with various pore sizes was prepared and investigated regarding its singlet oxygen sensitization activity.
A review of non-precious metal single atom confined nanomaterials in different structural dimensions (1D–3D) as highly active oxygen redox reaction electrocatalysts
Authors: Liu Jin , Zhang Hao , Qiu Ming , Peng Zehua , Leung Michael K. H. , Lin Wen-Feng , Xuan Jin
Published: December 2019

Different dimensional supports for non-precious-metal single-atom catalysts play significant roles in their fabrication and electrocatalytic activities for oxygen redox reactions.
Coumarin-grafted blue-emitting fluorescent alginate as a potentially valuable tool for biomedical applications
Authors: Araújo Marco , Bidarra Sílvia J. , Alves Pedro M. , Valcarcel Jesús , Vázquez José A. , Barrias Cristina C.
Published: December 2019

A novel blue-emitting fluorescent alginate derivative has been successfully synthesized in a simple two-reaction step protocol. The developed material showed to be biocompatible and traceable upon long periods of incubation in physiologic conditions.
High breakdown strength and energy storage performance in (Nb, Zn) modified SrTiO3 ceramics via synergy manipulation
Authors: Pan Wengao , Cao Minghe , Jan Abdullah , Hao Hua , Yao Zhonghua , Liu Hanxing
Published: December 2019

We report high breakdown strength and excellent energy storage performance of SrTiO3 based ceramics by synergy manipulation.
STAT3-induced up-regulation of lncRNA NEAT1 as a ceRNA facilitates abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by elevating TULP3
Authors: Cai Bing , Yang Baihui , Huang Dong , Wang Di , Tian Jun , Chen Feiyun , Wang Xi
Published: December 2019

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were viewed as crucial participants in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). LncRNA NEAT1 was recognized as an oncogenic gene in various diseases. However, its function and mechanism in AAA were not precisely documented. Here, we explored the functional role and molecular mechanism of NEAT1 in AAA. Functionally, the effect of NEAT1 on the proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 and EdU assay, while its impact on the apoptosis was evaluated through caspase-3/9 activity and TUNEL assays. As a result, we found that NEAT1 knockdown enhanced the proliferation and impaired the apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Reversely, overexpressed NEAT1 exerted anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects in VSMCs. Mechanically, we found that STAT3 acted as a transcription factor and contributed to NEAT1 transcription by ChIP and luciferase reporter assays. In addition, NEAT1 was confirmed as a sponge of miR-4688 and thereby increase the expression of TULP3 in VSMCs via RIP assay and RNA pull-down assay. Rescue experiments indicted that TULP3 overexpressing countervailed the impact of NEAT1 depletion on AAA biological processes. Conclusively, lncRNA NEAT1 induced by STAT3 was identified as a ceRNA and facilitated AAA formation by targeting miR-4688/TULP3 axis.
Modification of proteins by reactive lipid oxidation products and biochemical effects of lipoxidation
Authors: Spickett Corinne M. , Pitt Andrew R.
Published: December 2019

Lipid oxidation results in the formation of many reactive products, such as small aldehydes, substituted alkenals, and cyclopentenone prostaglandins, which are all able to form covalent adducts with nucleophilic residues of proteins. This process is called lipoxidation, and the resulting adducts are called advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs), by analogy with the formation of advanced glycoxidation end products from oxidized sugars. Modification of proteins by reactive oxidized lipids leads to structural changes such as increased β-sheet conformation, which tends to result in amyloid-like structures and oligomerization, or unfolding and aggregation. Reaction with catalytic cysteines is often responsible for the loss of enzymatic activity in lipoxidized proteins, although inhibition may also occur through conformational changes at more distant sites affecting substrate binding or regulation. On the other hand, a few proteins are activated by lipoxidation-induced oligomerization or interactions, leading to increased downstream signalling. At the cellular level, it is clear that some proteins are much more susceptible to lipoxidation than others. ALEs affect cell metabolism, protein–protein interactions, protein turnover via the proteasome, and cell viability. Evidence is building that they play roles in both physiological and pathological situations, and inhibiting ALE formation can have beneficial effects.
Molecular gas inflows and outflows in ultraluminous infrared galaxies at z ∼ 0.2 and one QSO at z = 6.1
Authors: Herrera-Camus R. , Sturm E. , Graciá-Carpio J. , Veilleux S. , Shimizu T. , Lutz D. , Stone M. , González-Alfonso E. , Davies R. , Fischer J. , Genzel R. , Maiolino R. , Sternberg A. , Tacconi L. , Verma A.
Published: December 2019

Aims. Our aim is to search for and characterize inflows and outflows of molecular gas in four ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs; LIR >  1012L⊙) at z ∼ 0.2−0.3 and one distant quasi-stellar object (QSO) at z = 6.13.

Methods. We used Herschel/PACS and ALMA Band 7 observations of the hydroxyl molecule (OH) line at rest-frame wavelength 119 μm, which in absorption can provide unambiguous evidence of inflows or outflows of molecular gas in nuclear regions of galaxies. Our study contributes to doubling the number of OH 119 μm observations of luminous systems at z ∼ 0.2−0.3, and pushes the search for molecular outflows based on the OH 119 μm transition to z ∼ 6.

Results. We detect OH 119 μm high-velocity absorption wings in three of the four ULIRGs. In two cases, IRAS F20036−1547 and IRAS F13352+6402, the blueshifted absorption profiles indicate the presence of powerful and fast (∼200−500 km s−1) molecular gas outflows. Consistent with an inside-out quenching scenario, these outflows are depleting the central reservoir of star-forming molecular gas at a rate similar to that of intense star formation activity. For the starburst-dominated system IRAS 10091+4704, we detect an inverted P Cygni profile that is unique among ULIRGs and indicates the presence of a fast (∼400 km s−1) inflow of molecular gas at a rate of ∼100 M⊙ yr−1 towards the central region. Finally, we tentatively detect (∼3σ) the OH 119 μm doublet in absorption in the z = 6.13 QSO ULAS J131911+095051. The OH 119 μm feature is blueshifted with a median velocity that suggests the presence of a molecular outflow, although characterized by a modest molecular mass loss rate of ∼200 M⊙ yr−1. This value is comparable to the small mass outflow rates found in the stacking of the [C II] spectra of other z ∼ 6 QSOs and suggests that ejective feedback in this phase of the evolution of ULAS J131911+095051 has subsided.
Lymphoma of the lip after kidney transplantation: a case report
Authors: Payet Xavier , Raybaud Hélène , Kipper Morgane , Fino Enzo , Voha Christine
Published: December 2019

Introduction: In transplant recipients, the risk to develop cancer increases 4 fold compared to general population due to the immunosuppressive treatment. Observation: A 68 years old woman, kidney transplanted four years ago, presented with a slowly growing swelling over her left lip since six weeks. The histopathological analyses showed a non Hodgkin lymphoma. Comment: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) is a complication developing after solid organ transplantation or allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Immunosuppression due to the immunosuppressives drugs is considered as the most important risk factor and the incidence rate depends of transplant type, age and risk of primary Epstein-Barr virus infection. Conclusion: PTLD is a rare but serious complication. It must be suspected in all cases of intra-oral mass for a transplanted patient and requires a histopathological analysis for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Management of jaw fractures in oral surgery in public and private practice: a retrospective study from 2006 to 2017
Authors: Buron Corentin , Mounier Christian , Guiavarc'h Carine , Lansonneur Cédric , Conan Matthieu , Bouillon Kim , Le Toux Guy
Published: December 2019

Introduction: To date, no epidemiological studies on jaw fracture have examined its characteristics according to hospital status (public vs private). The aim of this study was to examine their differences in terms of patient- and injury-related variables. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using patients' medical records in 2 types of hospital located in the northern area of Brittany (France). All patients hospitalized for jaw fracture between 2006 and 2017 were eligible. Comparisons between centres according to age, gender, anatomic location of fracture, mechanism of injury, and length of stay were undertaken using χ2, Fisher exact test, t-test, and Cochrane-Armitage trend test. Results: A total of 142 patients were included: 45.1% in the public and 54.9% in the private hospitals. Of them, 84.5% were men and the mean age was 32.0. Main causes of fractures were assault (56.3%), fall (30.3%) and road traffic accident (10%). A small number of patients had polytrauma (4.2%). The mean duration of stay was less than 2 days. Compared to patients who were admitted in private hospital, those who were likely to be admitted in public hospital were those: who had a jaw fracture in context of road traffic accident (18.8% vs 2.6%), with polytrauma (9.4% vs 0.0%) and maxilla fracture (9.4% vs 1.3%), and who had a longer stay (2.2 vs 1.1 days). Conclusion: This study showed that differences observed in characteristics of jaw fractures between public and private hospitals may be due to recruitment process: more severely affected patients are likely to be admitted in the public hospital.
Radioprotection : Quelles innovations ? Quel avenir ? Retour sur la première journée scientifique du Club des Jeunes Sociétaires de la SFRP
Authors: Ménard V. , Maître M. , Chambrette M. , Ayadi B.-M. , Beaumont T. , Beltrami L.-A.
Published: December 2019

Le Club des Jeunes Sociétaires de la Société Française de Radioprotection a organisé sa première journée scientifique en avril 2018, avec pour thème : « Radioprotection : Quelles innovations ? Quel avenir ? ». Réunissant plus d’une cinquantaine de participants, cette première journée s’est déroulée en deux temps avec des présentations plénières le matin et des ateliers de réflexion l’après-midi portant sur la manière dont l’innovation peut contribuer à la progression ainsi qu’à l’avenir de la radioprotection. Cet article présente les principaux éléments ressortis lors des discussions de ces deux ateliers. Les échanges ont mis en avant la nécessité de prendre en compte le développement des nouvelles technologies et d’en étudier leurs possibles applications aux champs de la radioprotection, que ce soit dans le domaine médical ou de la surveillance environnementale. Mais au-delà, les participants ont plus particulièrement insisté sur le besoin de déployer des outils innovants se plaçant au service de la promotion d’une culture de radioprotection et d’un meilleur partage des données. Pour ces deux enjeux, différentes actions ont été proposées et constituent ainsi des pistes d’actions dont le Club des Jeunes Sociétaires pourrait s’emparer à l’avenir.
Assessment of population radiation exposure at the edge of the exclusion zone 32 years after the Chernobyl accident: methods and preliminary results
Authors: Bertho J.-M. , Maître M. , Croüail P. , Naito W. , Shkliarava N. , Mostovenko A. , Jones K. , Simon-Cornu M.
Published: December 2019

A case study was conducted in the village of Komarin in Belarus at the edge of the Chernobyl exclusion zone, with the aim of evaluating the spatial and temporal variability in external and internal post-accidental radiation exposure. A database containing the radioactive measurements of foodstuffs made in Komarin over a 1990–2016 period makes it possible to estimate retrospectively the internal exposure. External exposure was prospectively studied through a citizen science approach involving a group of high school students and used two radioactive monitoring approaches, the D-shuttle© dosimeter and the OpenRadiation® system. Results showed that contamination level in food products varied over 2 to 4 orders of magnitude, underlining the usefulness of continuous monitoring of locally produced foodstuffs even more than 30 years after the Chernobyl accident. The study of external exposures showed that the current dose rates were similar to those usually observed elsewhere in the world, without any notable variations. More detailed analysis of these results will be conducted in future studies. This paper focuses on the methods used for the acquisition of data about both external exposure and foodstuff contamination and how it resulted in the strong involvement of high school students which in turn triggered a renewed interest in the practical radiological protection culture within the population of the village.
Conversational Therapy in Aphasia: From Behavioral Intervention to Neuromodulation
Authors: Marangolo Paola , Pisano Francesca
Published: December 2019

This article describes the conversational therapy approach for the treatment of persons with aphasia (PWAs). Around 1970s, this approach was inspired by a series of pragmatic principles and techniques to aphasia rehabilitation whose main objective was to set up a condition of communicative exchange with the PWA using his/her own available communicative resources. Indeed, although language represents the most powerful behavior that humans use for communicating, within the conversational approach any intentional action (i.e., gestures, body movements, facial expression, drawing) can be used to communicate. For this reason, its application is particularly suitable for severe PWAs whose damage has compromised all the modalities of language (i.e., production, comprehension, reading, and writing). In this perspective, the speech-language pathologist's (SLP's) goal is not necessarily focused on restoring the damaged linguistic functions, still today pursued by the cognitive approach, but to ameliorate the use of language by teaching the PWA compensatory, productive strategies, and strengthening his/her residual communicative abilities. In this review, the fundamental principles of the conversational approach together with its modalities of treatment, which emphasize the importance of an active interaction between the SLP and the PWA, are reported. A brief summary of recent experimental evidence which combines conversational therapy with a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, transcranial direct current stimulation, is also included.
Neurokinin B and Neurokinin-3 Receptor Signaling: Promising Developments in the Management of Menopausal Hot Flushes
Authors: Modi Manish , Dhillo Waljit S.
Published: December 2019

Vasomotor symptoms, including hot flushes and night sweats, pose a significant symptomatic burden to women undergoing menopause, and negatively impact on both their physical and psychological well-being. Management of these symptoms can be challenging, with the use of conventional hormone replacement therapy limited by duration of treatment and clinical contraindications. Recent advances in our understanding of the neuroendocrine regulation of the reproductive axis and thermoregulation postmenopause has helped identify a promising new therapeutic target to ameliorate hot flushes. Antagonism of the neurokinin B/neurokinin-3 receptor (NK3R) signaling pathway has emerged as an efficacious treatment in managing vasomotor symptoms, with evidence of rapid and sustained reduction in hot flush frequency and severity and improvements in secondary quality-of-life measures such as sleep. Within this review, we will explore the growing body of evidence supporting the use of NK3R antagonists in the management of vasomotor symptoms, and the possible utility in managing dysfunctional sex-hormone–dependent disorders and glycolipid metabolism disorders such as polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Kisspeptin and Glucose Homeostasis
Authors: Izzi-Engbeaya Chioma , Hill Thomas G. , Bowe James E.
Published: December 2019

Kisspeptin has well-established critical roles in the control of reproduction and fertility. Recently, evidence has emerged that suggests kisspeptin may have additional roles in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Conflicting reports on the effects of kisspeptin on insulin secretion in animal models have been published, which cannot be fully accounted for by the different kisspeptin isoforms and range of kisspeptin doses used in these studies. Human studies have demonstrated associations between circulating kisspeptin levels and measures of insulin secretion and insulin resistance; and the only published interventional study has confirmed kisspeptin enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in humans. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects of kisspeptin on the pancreatic β-cell and to determine the therapeutic potential of kisspeptin receptor agonist in the treatment of disorders of glucose homeostasis.
A Tutorial on Core Lexicon: Development, Use, and Application
Authors: Kim Hana , Wright Heather Harris
Published: December 2019

Evidence suggests that discourse-level assessment in aphasia should be implemented within clinical settings. However, existing discourse measures that are time and labor intensive in process prevent speech-language pathologists from applying such measures to their clinical practices. This article provides an overview of a lexicon-based analysis (core lexicon measure) that recently was developed and investigated for clinical usability. A new approach to core lexicon measures provides a simple scoring method with short instructions, which may be practical and time efficient for assessment and management of persons with aphasia. The article concludes with suggestions for clinical application and implementation.
Can Script Training Improve Narrative and Conversation in Aphasia across Etiology?
Authors: Hubbard H. Isabel , Nelson Lori A. , Richardson Jessica D.
Published: December 2019

Script training is an effective treatment of stable (e.g., stroke-induced) and progressive aphasia of varying severities and subtypes. The theoretical underpinnings of script training are discussed and include fluency-inducing conditions, speech shadowing, principles of neuroplasticity, and automatization. Script training outcomes are reviewed, with a focus on discourse in persons with stable aphasia (PWSAs) and in persons with primary progressive aphasia (PWPPAs). PWSAs and PWPPAs are able to acquire and maintain short scripted monologues or conversational dialogues, with some evidence of generalization to untrained topics and settings. Advances in both technology and access have enriched script training protocols, so they now range from no-tech written script approaches to high-tech audiovisual support and avatars. Advances in audio and/or visual support promote large amounts of practice of less errorful whole-message language processing during a fluent language inducing condition. With enough practice, users decrease reliance on supports and independently produce scripted content. Script training can be delivered in a variety of settings (individual, group, telepractice), lends itself well to homework programs, and is in accordance with the principles of neuroplasticity for neurorehabilitation. Incorporating script training into therapy programming is advantageous throughout aphasia recovery following brain injuries such as stroke. It is also beneficial for persons with progressive disease for prophylaxis, remediation, and compensation. Recommendations for implementing script training in clinical practice and future research directions are presented.
Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Prognostic Modeling in Lung Cancer after Combining Radiomic and Clinical Features
Authors: Chufal Kundan S. , Ahmad Irfan , Pahuja Anjali K. , Miller Alexis A. , Singh Rajpal , Chowdhary Rahul L.
Published: December 2019

Objective This study was aimed to investigate machine learning (ML) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) in the prognostic modeling of lung cancer, utilizing high-dimensional data.

Materials and Methods A computed tomography (CT) dataset of inoperable nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients with embedded tumor segmentation and survival status, comprising 422 patients, was selected. Radiomic data extraction was performed on Computation Environment for Radiation Research (CERR). The survival probability was first determined based on clinical features only and then unsupervised ML methods. Supervised ANN modeling was performed by direct and hybrid modeling which were subsequently compared. Statistical significance was set at <0.05.

Results Survival analyses based on clinical features alone were not significant, except for gender. ML clustering performed on unselected radiomic and clinical data demonstrated a significant difference in survival (two-step cluster, median overall survival [ mOS]: 30.3 vs. 17.2 m; p = 0.03; K-means cluster, mOS: 21.1 vs. 7.3 m; p < 0.001). Direct ANN modeling yielded a better overall model accuracy utilizing multilayer perceptron (MLP) than radial basis function (RBF; 79.2 vs. 61.4%, respectively). Hybrid modeling with MLP (after feature selection with ML) resulted in an overall model accuracy of 80%. There was no difference in model accuracy after direct and hybrid modeling (p = 0.164).

Conclusion Our preliminary study supports the application of ANN in predicting outcomes based on radiomic and clinical data.
Endonasal Endoscopic Fenestration of Rathke's Cleft Cysts: Whether to Leave the Fenestration Open or Closed?
Authors: Arko Leopold , Lee Jonathan C.M. , Godil Saniya , Hanz Samuel Z. , Anand Vijay K. , Schwartz Theodore H.
Published: December 2019

Introduction Rathke's cleft cysts (RCC) are generally treated with transsphenoidal fenestration and cyst drainage. If no cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is created, the fenestration can be left open. If CSF is encountered, a watertight closure must be created to prevent postoperative CSF leak, though sellar closure has theoretically been linked with higher recurrence rate. In this study, we investigate the relationship between sellar closure, rate of postoperative CSF leak, and RCC recurrence.

Methods Retrospective review of a prospective database of all endoscopic endonasal RCC fenestrations and cases were divided based on closure. The “open” group included patients who underwent fenestration of the RCC, whereas the “closed” group included patients whose RCC was treated with fat and a rigid buttress ± a nasoseptal flap. The rate of intra- and postoperative CSF leak and radiographic recurrence was determined.

Results The closed group had a higher rate of suprasellar extension (odds ratio [OR]: 8.0, p = 0.032) and intraoperative CSF leak (p ≤ 0.001). There were 54.8% intraoperative CSF leaks and no postoperative CSF leaks. Radiologic recurrence rate for the closed group (35.0%) was three times higher than the open group (9.1%; risk ratio [RR] = 3.85, p = 0.203), but not powered to show significance. None of the radiologic recurrences required reoperation.

Conclusion Maintaining a patent fenestration between an RCC and the sphenoid sinus is important in reducing the rate of radiographic recurrence. Closure of the fenestration may be required to prevent CSF leak. While closure increases the rate of radiographic recurrence, reoperation for recurrent RCC is still an uncommon event.
Effect of normal strain and external electric field on electronic properties of the GeC bilayer: A first-principles study
Authors: Min Luo , E Xu Yu , Hao Shen Yu
Published: December 2019

The electronic properties of the GeC bilayer with different stacking patterns are investigated using density functional theory. A different behavior shows up when applying normal strain and electric field (E-field). Under normal strain, the bandgap becomes very elastic and presents an indirect-to-direct bandgap transition. By applying the E-field, the intrinsic bandgap swiftly reduces to zero. The major modulation of the bandgap is mainly due to the migration of Ge-p orbitals in the conduction band. Our results reveal the flexible electronic properties of the GeC bilayer, which would provide a theoretical reference for the development of the GeC bilayer.
Large on-chip Brillouin net amplification in silicon-based nano-photonics
Authors: Kim Hyeongpin , Shin Heedeuk
Published: December 2019

Recent developments in on-chip forward Brillouin scattering open up potential applications such as RF photonic signal processing, on-chip Brillouin amplification, and on-chip Brillouin lasers. The stimulated Brillouin scattering gain coefficients become significant with a small optical mode area, and the Brillouin net amplification has been believed to be strong with a small mode area, too. However, here, we present a theoretical study of higher net amplification with a large optical mode area than that with a small mode area and explain this counter-intuitive phenomenon by examining the contribution of various optical forces to Brillouin gain coefficients for various optical waveguide dimensions. The simulation results show that a waveguide with large optical waveguide dimensions can yield significant net amplification by high Brillouin gain coefficients and low optical losses at high pump power even if the Brillouin gain coefficients are lower than that with a small waveguide dimension. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the optical waveguide dimensions to achieve maximum net amplification for the development of Brillouin lasers and amplifiers in silicon-based nanophotonics.
Parameterized optical properties of monolayer MoSe2
Authors: Kim Tae Jung , Park Han Gyeol , Le Van Long , Nguyen Hoang Tung , Nguyen Xuan Au , Kim Young Dong
Published: December 2019

We report a model dielectric function, ε = ε1 + iε2, of MoSe2 from 1 to 6.42 eV with which the optical property of a MoSe2 monolayer can be calculated at arbitrary temperatures from 31 to 300 K for potential application for device designs based on this material. Analytic representations, performed with the dielectric-function parametric model, allow interpolation with respect to both energy and temperature. We used reported spectrum data [Park et al., Sci. Rep. 8(1), 3173 (2018)] as the basis of our approach, verifying that the parameterized model dielectric function can reproduce the experimental data at various temperatures and can also produce the dielectric function (and the refractive index) at arbitrary temperatures.
Perovskite solar cells with a hybrid electrode structure
Authors: Hu Yinghong , Adhyaksa Gede W. P. , DeLuca Giovanni , Simonov Alexandr N. , Duffy Noel W. , Reichmanis Elsa , Bach Udo , Docampo Pablo , Bein Thomas , Garnett Erik C. , Chesman Anthony S. R. , Jumabekov Askhat N.
Published: December 2019

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a novel hybrid electrode structure, in which a single device can operate with either a vertical (sandwich) or lateral (back-contact) configuration of contacts, are demonstrated in this work. The hybrid structure was achieved by depositing an additional anode on top of a prefabricated back-contact PSC device, giving a final device with three electrodes—one shared cathode and two anodes. Device performances are tested and evaluated for both operation modes, and a semianalytical model along with coupled optoelectronic simulations is used to rationalize the experimental results. It is determined that due to the intrinsically narrow depletion region near the contact interfaces, the charge collection efficiency in the back-contact device structure appears to be significantly lower compared to the sandwich device structure. This finding provides an insight into the cause of the performance disparity between these two architectures.
The role of intermixing in all-optical switching of synthetic-ferrimagnetic multilayers
Authors: Beens M. , Lalieu M. L. M. , Duine R. A. , Koopmans B.
Published: December 2019

We present a theoretical study of single-pulse all-optical switching (AOS) in synthetic-ferrimagnetic multilayers. Specifically, we investigate the role of interface intermixing in switching Co/Gd bilayers. We model the laser-induced magnetization dynamics in Co/Gd bilayers using the microscopic three-temperature model for layered magnetic systems. Exchange scattering is included, which mediates angular momentum transfer between the magnetic sublattices. In this work, each layer is represented by one atomic monolayer of a GdCo alloy with an arbitrary Co concentration, allowing Co/Gd bilayers with an intermixed interface to be modelled. Our results indicate that within the model intermixing of the Co/Gd interface reduces the threshold fluence for AOS significantly. We show that intermixing does not qualitatively affect the switching mechanism and leads to an increase of the propagation speed of the switching front.
Design criteria and experiments considering the mechanical characteristics of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator of 8kW and 40krpm class
Authors: Lee Jeong-In , Shin Kyung-Hun , Jang Gang-Hyeon , Bang Tae-Kyoung , Ryu Dong-Wan , Choi Jang-Young
Published: December 2019

In this study, we designed, analyzed, and tested a permanent magnet synchronous generator by considering the mechanical characteristics of the rotor and the stator of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system operating at high-speed (40krpm). The size of the generator rotor was determined using the torque per rotor volume (TRV) analytical method. The designed generator uses a sleeve to prevent damage to the magnet during high-speed operation, and this sleeve must be designed to take into account the relationship between its mechanical characteristics and thickness, which affects electromagnetic behavior. Hence, the permanent magnet and the thickness of the sleeve and were selected by analyzing the rotor structure and considering the mechanical characteristics at the rated rotation speed. The characteristics of the designed generator were analyzed using the finite elements method and verified by experimental testing.
A simple and rapid detection system for oral bacteria in liquid phase for point-of-care diagnostics using magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Tonthat Loi , Takahashi Shunnosuke , Onodera Hidehiko , Okita Kazuhiko , Yabukami Shin , Yokota Kotone , Furuya Maiko , Kanetaka Hiroyasu , Miura Yoshinori , Takahashi Hideki , Watanabe Yoshihiko , Akiyama Ritsuko
Published: December 2019

This study describes a user-friendly and rapid detection system of oral bacteria in the liquid phase for point of care testing based on magnetic immunoassay. We focused on the dependence of the strength of external magnetic field required to switch the magnetic moments of nanoparticles bound to bacteria on the bacteria concentration. The results obtained indicate that the required field strength increases linearly as a function of log concentration of Porphyromonas gingivalis cultured in the range of 103–109 CFU/mL. Similarly, the required field strengths for Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa increase monotonically when their concentrations increase, whereas the required field strength for Escherichia coli decreases monotonically when its concentration increases. We then measured the concentration of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the saliva collected from elderly people in a geriatric health services facility and the results using the developed system had a correlation with those using a commercial bacteria counter.
Polycrystalline Co2Fe0.4Mn0.6Si Heusler alloy thin films with high B2 ordering and small magnetic anisotropy for magnetic tunnel junction based sensors
Authors: Kudo Nana , Oogane Mikihiko , Tsunoda Masakiyo , Ando Yasuo
Published: December 2019

To measure the bio magnetic field from the heart and brain at room temperature, the magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) based sensor is required to achieve a high sensitivity which is defined as the TMR ratio/2Hk (where Hk is anisotropic magnetic field of the free layer). To realize both high TMR ratio and small Hk, we employed (001)-oriented polycrystalline Co-based Heusler alloy material (Co2Fe0.4Mn0.6Si) for the free layer which is known for its high spin polarization and small Hk. In this study, we optimized the crystal and magnetic properties of Co2Fe0.4Mn0.6Si free layer and succeeded in reducing Hk in polycrystalline CFMS free layer with high B2 ordering. We also demonstrated the linear output of TMR in MTJs fabricated under the optimized condition.
Structural changes in liquids at high pressures can be observed by shock compression
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: December 2019

By shock compressing tin to extreme conditions, researchers studied how its liquid properties evolved -- a first step towards understanding the structure of molten materials surrounding planetary cores.
A new spectroscopic technique for the analysis of thin-film solar cells
Authors: Kim Meeri
Published: December 2019

Known as angle-resolved electroreflectance spectroscopy, the new method enables non-destructive determination of bandgap energies of very thin buffer layers in thin-film solar cells.
Speeding up scanning ion conductance microscopy without compromising resolution
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: December 2019

Enhancing the ion current signal of SICM increases the efficiency of this technique, allowing researchers to image the dynamic behavior of nanostructures in fragile biological samples.
Object-based post-fire aerial image classification for building damage, destruction and defensive actions at the 2012 Colorado Waldo Canyon Fire
Authors: McNamara Derek , Mell William , Maranghides Alexander
Published: December 2019

We compare the use of post-fire aerial imagery to ground-based assessment for identifying building destruction and damage at the 2012 Colorado Waldo Canyon Fire. We also compare active-fire defensive actions identified via manual and automated post-fire image classification to defensive actions documented from ground-based assessments (witness discussions, vehicle logs and images). For building destruction, manual and automatic image classification compared favourably to ground-based assessment, with low errors of commission (0.0–0.4%) and omission (0–1.2%). For building damage, classifying imagery manually had significant errors of commission and omission (59.0% and 57.9%) because ground-based assessments missed roof damage and image classification excluded interior and side damage, indicating the need for both techniques. Classifying imagery automatically for indicators of active-fire water suppression on buildings has Kappa statistics indicating a substantial agreement with documented water suppression. Manual and automatic image classification underestimated the full extent of documented defensive actions but showed a statistically significant dependence between fire cessation and defensive actions. These results show post-fire imagery to be a useful addition to other techniques for identifying building damage, destruction and defensive actions. Also demonstrated is the importance of accounting for defensive actions and other factors in wildland–urban interface fire studies.
Flood-induced multiday torpor in golden spiny mice (Acomys russatus)
Authors: Barak Orly , Geiser Fritz , Kronfeld-Schor Noga
Published: December 2019

Mammalian and avian torpor is widely viewed as an adaptation for survival of cold winters. However, in recent years it has been established that torpor can also be expressed in summer and that the functions of torpor are manyfold, including survival of adverse environmental events such as fires, storms, heat waves and droughts. Here we provide the first evidence on (1) torpor induction via an accidental flooding event in mammals (in captivity) and (2) expression of multiday torpor by spiny mice, lasting >7 times as long as usually observed for this desert rodent. Our data suggest yet another function of mammalian torpor, as a response to flood, in addition to many other adverse environmental events, and not just in response to cold.
The fabrication of AlN by hydride vapor phase epitaxy
Authors: Sun Maosong , Li Jinfeng , Zhang Jicai , Sun Wenhong
Published: December 2019

Aluminum nitride (AlN) is the promising substrates material for the epitaxial growth of III-nitrides devices, such as high-power, high-frequency electronic, deep ultraviolet optoelectronics and acoustic devices. However, it is rather difficult to obtain the high quality and crack-free thick AlN wafers because of the low surface migration of Al adatoms and the large thermal and lattice mismatches between the foreign substrates and AlN. In this work, the fabrication of AlN material by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) was summarized and discussed. At last, the outlook of the production of AlN by HVPE was prospected.
Contact etch process optimization for RF process wafer edge yield improvement
Authors: Liu Zhangli , He Bingkui , Meng Fei , Bao Qiang , Sun Yuhong , Sun Shaojun , Zhou Guangwei , Cao Xiuliang , Xin Haiwei
Published: December 2019

Radio-frequency (RF) process products suffer from a wafer edge low yield issue, which is induced by contact opening. A failure mechanism has been proposed that is based on the characteristics of a wafer edge film stack. The large step height at the wafer’s edge leads to worse planarization for the sparse poly-pattern region during the inter-layer dielectric (ILD) chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process. A thicker bottom anti-reflect coating (BARC) layer was introduced for a sparse poly-pattern at the wafer edge region. The contact open issue was solved by increasing the break through (BT) time to get a large enough window. Well profile and resistance uniformity were obtained by contact etch recipe optimization.
Column readout circuit with improved offset mismatch and charge sharing for CMOS image sensor
Authors: Guo Zhongjie , Yu Ningmei , Wu Longsheng
Published: December 2019

High linearity and low noise column readout chain are two key factors in CMOS image sensor. However, offset mismatch and charge sharing always exist in the conventional column wise readout implementation, even adopting the technology of correlated double sample. A simple column readout circuit with improved offset mismatch and charge sharing for CMOS image sensor is proposed in this paper. Based on the bottom plate sampling and fixed common level method, this novel design can avoid the offset nonuniformity between the two buffers. Also, the single buffer and switched capacitor technique can effectively suppress the charge sharing caused by the varied operating point. The proposed approach is experimentally verified in a 1024 × 1024 prototype chip designed and fabricated in 55 nm low power CMOS process. The measurement results show that the linear range is extended by 20%, the readout noise of bright and dark fields is reduced by 40% and 30% respectively, and the improved photo response nonuniformity is up to 1.16%. Finally, a raw sample image taken by the prototype sensor shows the excellent practical performance.