bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Covering Surfaces with Noncommutative Monodromy Groups and their Industrial Applications
Authors: Dmitrieva Irina
Published: December 2012

An explicit construction of the algebraic equations of the covering surfaces with the noncommutative monodromy groups is done by means of the corresponding homogeneous vector boundary Riemann‐Hilbert problem solution. The direct applications concern soliton theory and Landau‐Lifshitz equation, in particular. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The exterior Dirichlet and the interior Neumann boundary value problems for the scalar Oseen equation
Authors: Skopin Emma
Published: December 2012

The scalar Oseen equation represents a linearized form of the Navier Stokes equations. We present an explicit potential theory for this equation and solve the exterior Dirichlet and interior Neumann boundary value problems via a boundary integral equations method in spaces of continuous functions on a C2‐boundary, extending the classical approach for the isotropic selfadjoint Laplace operator to the anisotropic non‐selfadjoint scalar Oseen operator. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Maximum Modulus Estimates for the Linear Steady Stokes System
Authors: Varnhorn Werner
Published: December 2012

A maximum modulus estimate for the Stokes system in bounded domains of ℝn (n ≥ 2) is established via methods of hydrodynamical potential theory. The method is based on the unique solvability of the boundary integral equations' system resulting from the double layer potential ansatz together with a projection onto the normal field on the boundary. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Estimations on Thermo‐mechanical Dynamics of Vibration Elastomeric Isolators
Authors: Nastac Silviu , Debeleac Carmen
Published: December 2012

This analysis deals with one of the basic problem category of vibratory systems, means the complete and complex characterization of elastic and viscous isolators behaviour under dynamic loads such as vibrations, seismic waves, shocks, etc. Usually, the dynamic characteristics of vibration isolators made by elastomeric materials are considered to have a constant shape for a certain practical case. It is ignored the thermal phenomenon inside the isolator block during the exploitation cycles and its influences on the proper characteristic parameters. This usual approximation leads to more or less significant differences between simulation and practical evolution of a vibration isolator subjected to the same dynamic load. Continuous changes of rigidity modulus and/or dissipative characteristics due to internal thermal effects imply aleatory evolution of the isolated system, unstable movements and resonance imminence danger. The partial results of this analysis dignify the linkage between thermal effects into the elastomeric isolator and its essential dynamic parameters. Using of these correlations frames the seismic shock and vibration protective devices designing and deployment areas. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Geometry Optimization of Branched Sheet Metal Products
Authors: Göllner Thea , Hess Wolfgang , Ulbrich Stefan
Published: December 2012

We consider the geometry optimization of branched sheet metal products, which can be produced continuously and in integral style using the new technologies of linear flow splitting and linear bend splitting. These are explored within the framework of the Collaborative Research Centre (CRC) 666. The geometry of such products can be parameterized by means of free form surfaces whereas their mechanical behaviour is described by the three dimensional linear elasticity equations. The associated PDE‐constrained problem for optimizing the stiffness of the structure is formulated and an algorithm for solving this problem using exact constraints and a globalization strategy based on adaptive cubic regularization is presented. Numerical results for an example are given. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Sonofusion: EA optimisation of acoustic resonator
Authors: Stokmaier Markus J. , Class Andreas G. , Schulenberg Thomas , Lahey Richard T.
Published: December 2012

We present a novel recipe combining evolutionary algorithm (EA) concepts, robust against local optima, for high‐dimensional multimodal optimisation problems, which we developed for the purpose of optimising piezo‐driven liquid‐filled acoustic resonators for future sonofusion experiments. In contrast to other resonators (e.g. mirrors for laser, flute), the structure bounding the oscillating medium cannot be assumed to be static. Instead, the vibration response of the whole fluid‐structure setup to a periodic driving force is considered. Manufacturing and reproducibility criteria exclude trivial spherical or cylindrical shapes leading to many design parameters to be optimised. With maximising the sound pressure amplitude in the center of the fluid volume being the primary goal, one faces a competition of an increased number of resonances varying in amplitude and frequency, and interacting with other resonances. In this smooth, yet high‐dimensional search space scattered with many local optima, an EA approach is efficient. Evaluating a solution candidate corresponds to calculating a harmonic response over a frequency band of a 2D‐axisymmetric FE model of the piezo‐driven structure filled with acoustic fluid elements (modeled in Ansys). Thus, more than 104 evaluation calls per run cannot be afforded. Serving those needs we developed an EA combining elements from genetic algorithms (GA), evolution strategies (ES), differential evolution (DE), and simulated annealing (SA). (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Improvement of classical first‐order adjoint sensitivity relations
Authors: Materna Daniel , Barthold Franz‐Joseph
Published: December 2012

This contribution is concerned with a novel approach for the improvement of classical first‐order adjoint sensitivity relations of general objective functionals or quantities of interest. The improvement approach is based on an exact variational formulation for the change in the quantity of interest due to finite design perturbations. The exact change in the quantity of interest can be expressed in a closed variational form. This formulation is used in order to predict the change in the quantity of interest and yields an improved solution in comparison to the results of classical first‐order approximations. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An Exploratory Line Search for Piecewise Differentiable Objective Functions based on Algorithmic Differentiation
Authors: Fiege Sabrina , Griewank Andreas , Walther Andrea
Published: December 2012

Nonsmoothness is a typical characteristic of numerous objective functions in optimisation that arises from applications. The standard approach in algorithmic differentiation (AD) is to consider only differentiable functions that are defined by an evaluation program. We extend this functionality by allowing also the functions abs(), min() and max() during the function evaluation yielding piecewise differential nonlinear functions. We will define an evaluation procedure for these functions and employ ADOL‐C in an adapted gradient based optimisation method that was adjusted to the special properties of the objective functions considered here. First numerical results will be presented. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Parallel Computing for Long‐Time Simulations of Calcium Waves in a Heart Cell
Authors: Wang Yu , Olano Marc , Gobbert Matthias , Griffin Wesley
Published: December 2012

Calcium waves are modeled by parabolic partial differential equations, whose simulation codes contain Krylov subspace methods as computational kernels. This paper presents GPU‐based parallel computations for the conjugate gradient method applied to the finite difference discretization of a Poisson equation as prototype problem for the computational kernel. The CUDA algorithm tests the three memory systems of global memory, texture memory, and shared memory of a CUDA‐enabled GPU. Due to the caching mechanism and coalesced read/write operations, the CUDA algorithm using global memory and single precision floating point numbers outperforms algorithms accessing texture memory and the shared memory. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Using block smoothers in multigrid methods
Authors: Bolten Matthias , Kahl Karsten
Published: December 2012

We present a general setting for the analysis of blocked smoothers using the LFA. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Adaptive Stochastic Collocation on Sparse Grids
Authors: Schieche Bettina
Published: December 2012

We consider Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) with random parameters, solved by adaptive stochastic collocation. Our research studies common error indicators compared to adjoint based error estimates extended to the stochastic framework. We show that such estimates are able to detect the true error very accurately and suggest to replace the expensive adjoint problem by a reduced model. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Generalized Park‐Sheen Finite Elements for Adaptivity
Authors: Altmann Robert , Carstensen Carsten
Published: December 2012

The P1‐nonconforming finite element method on simply connected Lipschitz domains partitioned into quadrilaterals was introduced by Park and Sheen in 2003. In order to apply mesh‐adaptive refinement strategies, the concept is generalized to arbitrary triangulations into quadrilaterals and triangles of multiple connected Lipschitz domains. An explicit a priori analysis is given for second‐order elliptic PDEs with inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On the error estimate for calculating some singular integrals
Authors: Vasilyev Alexander , Vasilyev Vladimir
Published: December 2012

We consider some classes of multi‐dimensional singular integral operators with Calderon‐Zygmund kernels, construct their discrete analogues and give the error estimate for approximation of continual singular integral operator by the discrete ones. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A comparison of the efficiency of Rosenbrock and DIRK variants
Authors: Bijl Hester , Birken Philipp , Meister Andreas , van Zuijlen Alexander
Published: December 2012

We consider the use of DIRK and Rosenbrock schemes for the time integration of unsteady flow problems. Thereby, two variants of solving the linear systems are compared regarding their efficiency, namely a Jacobian‐free method versus computing an approximate Jacobian. The Rosenbrock schemes are slow in the Jacobian‐free variant, but may be competitive in the other. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optimal dopant doping profiling with TV penalty
Authors: Fouego Marcisse , Burger Martin
Published: December 2012

We investigate the optimal control of stationary drift‐diffusion models for semiconductors. Our main focus is the control of the current by optimizing the doping profile, which is the natural control variables, wita total variation penalty. We investigate the augmented Lagrangian method for the numerical solution, with an efficient Gummel iteration for the subproblem. Numerical results are presented for the ballistic diode. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dynamic PET Reconstruction based on a Reaction‐Diffusion Model
Authors: Reips Louise , Engbers Ralf , Burger Martin
Published: December 2012

Positron‐Emission Tomography (PET) is an imaging technique in nuclear medicine used to image physiological processes. A major obstacle is the need for dynamic image reconstruction from low quality PET‐data, which applies in particular for tracers (radioactive water) with fast decay like H215O when looking for improved spatial resolution.

Here we present a model‐based approach to overcome those difficulties. We derive a set of differential equations able to represent the kinetic behavior of H215O PET tracers during cardiac perfusion. In this model one takes into account the exchange of materials between artery, tissue and vein, which predicts the tracer activity if the reaction rates, velocities, and diffusion coefficients are known. One then interprets the computation of these distributed parameters (spatially dependent only) as a nonlinear inverse problem, which we solve using variational regularization approaches. For the minimization we use the gradient‐based methods and Forward‐Backward Splitting. The main advantage is the reduction of the degrees of freedom, which makes the problem overdetermined and thus allows to proceed to low quality data. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
LQR Control for Vibration Suppression of Piezoelectric Integrated Smart Structures
Authors: Zhang S. Q. , Schmidt R.
Published: December 2012

In the present paper, the equations of motion for piezoelectric integrated smart beams are derived by applying Hamilton's principle and the Finite Element (FE) method, based on the First‐Order Shear Deformation (FOSD) theory. Then, a state space model is constructed from the equations of motion for control design. A Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) control for vibration suppression is implemented on the mathematical model of the piezoelectric bonded beam. Finally, a numerical application is performed to testify the applicability and effectiveness of the present method. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Passivity based stabilization of linear mechanical systems with dissipation in unactuated degrees of freedom
Authors: Kotyczka Paul , Delgado‐L. Sergio
Published: December 2012

A well‐known problem in nonlinear controller design for underactuated mechanical systems using the Interconnection and Damping Assignment (IDA‐PBC) technique is physical dissipationf in unactuated degrees of freedom. For certain equilibria the definiteness requirements on the virtual energy of the port‐Hamiltonian (pH) target system and the closed loop dissipation matrix can not be satisfied simultaneously. At the GAMM Meeting 2012 we presented a modification of the nonlinear pH target system, where particularly the total energy function is augmented by a cross term between coordinates and momenta. For the sake of brevity in this short communication we focus on the case of linear mechanical systems. In particular, it is shown how the generalized pH target structure is derived from the solution of a Lyapunov equation for the closed loop system. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Model order reduction methods and their possible application in compliant mechanisms
Authors: Rösner Malte , Lammering Rolf
Published: December 2012

Model order reduction (MOR) is commonly used to approximate large‐scale linear time‐invariant dynamical systems. A new feed unit based on a compliant mechanism consisting of flexure hinges can be described by a discrete system of n ordinary differential equations. A projection framework using modal and Krylov subspace techniques is applied to reduce the order of the system to lower computational cost and make the model feasible for control, analysis and optimization. Single flexure hinges are investigated numerical, analytical and experimental and compared to reduced models via modal and tangential Krylov subspace methods regarding the first eigenfrequency. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Model reduction for optimal control problems in field‐flow fractionation
Authors: Stykel Tatjana , Willbold Carina
Published: December 2012

We discuss the application of model order reduction to optimal control problems governed by coupled systems of the Stokes‐Brinkman and advection‐diffusion equations. Such problems arise in field‐flow fractionation processes for the efficient and fast separation of particles of different size in microfluidic flows. Our approach is based on a combination of balanced truncation and tangential interpolation for model reduction of the semidiscretized optimality system. Numerical results demonstrate the properties of this approach. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Symmetric Positivity Preserving Balanced Truncation
Authors: Grußler Christian , Damm Tobias
Published: December 2012

We consider positivity preserving model order reduction of SISO linear systems. Whereas well‐established model reduction methods usually do not result in a positive approximation, we show that a symmetry characterization of balanced truncation can be used to preserve positivity after performing balanced truncation. As a consequence, the method is independent of the initial realization and always returns a symmetric reduced model. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
End‐Effector Trajectory Tracking of Serial Flexible Manipulators
Authors: Seifried Robert , Wörner Mark , Gorius Thomas
Published: December 2012

Light weight manipulator design results in low energy consumption and allow often high working speeds. However, due to the increased system flexibility undesired vibrations occur. Thus, in the control design these flexibilities must be taken into account. In order to obtain a good performance in end‐effector trajectory tracking an efficient feedforward control is used, which is then supplemented by additional feedback control to account for small disturbances and uncertainties. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optimal Control on Stable Manifolds for a Double Pendulum
Authors: Flaßkamp Kathrin , Timmermann Julia , Ober‐Blöbaum Sina , Dellnitz Michael , Trächtler Ansgar
Published: December 2012

Optimal control problems for mechanical systems often arise in technical applications, e.g. in the computation of energy efficient or time optimal steering maneuvers between operation points. In this contribution, we propose a control strategy for mechanical systems that includes uncontrolled trajectories on (un)stable manifolds in a sequence together with short control maneuvers to design a feedforward control. In particular, we present optimal swing‐up solutions for a double pendulum that are based on trajectories on the stable manifold of the pendulum's upper equilibrium. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Flatness‐based feedforward control design of a system of parabolic PDEs based on finite difference semi‐discretization
Authors: Utz Tilman , Kugi Andreas
Published: December 2012

This contribution is concerned with feedforward control design for setpoint transitions of systems of semilinear boundary‐controlled parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs). For this, the originally infinite‐dimensional system is semi‐discretized using finite differences on the spatial derivatives. The resulting system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is differentially flat, such that a nominal feedforward control can be determined using the flat output and its time derivatives. The method is applied to control the ignition of a nonlinear tubular reactor model. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Multi‐Agent Motion Control of Autonomous Vehicles in 3D Flow Fields
Authors: Hackbarth Axel , Kreuzer Edwin , Gray Andrew
Published: December 2012

Motion control of multiple autonomous vehicles is necessary to assure safe interaction of agents operating in the same environment. Under the influence of fluid flow the control strategy for the agents has to adapt to the forces acting upon the vehicles. A potential‐field based algorithm for multi‐agent control has been extended to account for correct guidance under the influence of flow. Path following and collision avoidance are the main objectives for the control algorithm which is developed for an underwater sensor network. An approximation of the flow is used for the path planning with model predictive control, whereas path following is assured through sliding mode control. The controller has yet been tested in simulations only, but experiments are planned with a swarm of five to ten micro submarines in a water tank with natural and forced convection. The fluid field in the simulation originates from a CFD analysis of the water tank under steady flow conditions where the impact of the vehicles has been neglected. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Three‐Dimensional Panel Method for the Simulation of Sheet Cavitation in Marine Propeller Flows
Authors: Bauer Maria , Abdel‐Maksoud Moustafa
Published: December 2012

This paper presents a three‐dimensional panel method based on potential flow theory for the modelling and simulation of sheet cavitation in marine propeller flows. Sheet cavitation is a physical effect where the pressure in the flow falls below the vapour pressure such that a vapour sheet occurs on propeller blades. Sheet cavitation can influence the flow characteristics on propeller blades significantly and can lead to a decrease of propeller thrust as well as noise and vibrations on the ship hull. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Asymptotic Cosserat models for viscous jets in rotational spinning
Authors: Arne Walter , Marheineke Nicole , Wegener Raimund
Published: December 2012

We present asymptotic Cosserat rod and string models for the simulation of slender viscous jets. In the set‐up of rotational stationary spinning we examine the models with respect to their applicability/validity and efficiency. The string models are asymptotic limits of the rod in terms of a vanishing slenderness parameter. They consist of smaller systems of equations, but as a result of a singular asymptotic perturbation their applicability is restricted to certain parameter regimes – in contrast to the more complex and hence superior Cosserat rod. We investigate the existence regimes of two string models that differ in the closure conditions and determine their transition hyperplane numerically. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A note on the W1,p‐stability of piecewise linear interpolation
Authors: Dickopf Thomas
Published: December 2012

It is known that piecewise linear interpolation of functions of one variable is uniformly bounded with an H1‐stability constant of one. In [1], we considered the nodal interpolation operator acting between spaces of piecewise linear functions and presented an elementary proof by minimizing a functional representing the H1‐semi‐norm. In this note, a standard approximation argument is applied generalizing the result to piecewise linear interpolation of all functions in W1,p on a real interval, 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. We also comment on alternative proofs and finally give a counterexample for piecewise linear interpolation in 2D. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Counting Droplets: A solver for the droplet population balance equation
Authors: Wächtler Timo , Kuhnert Jörg , Attarakih Menwer , Klar Axel
Published: December 2012

Liquid‐Liquid‐Extractions is one of the fundamental operations in chemical engineering. At this, one or more components are being separated from a liquid mixture. However, this work restricts to a two component mixture. The most common used extractors in this field are liquid‐liquid‐extraction columns. For such extraction columns there exist many executions, however they share their functional principle. A vertically aligned column is being fed at the top by the mixture of components to be separated. On the contrary, the column is getting filled by a specifically lighter solvent at the bottom. With the help of appropriate installations (stirrer, sieve) an intensive mixing of these two phases is achieved. This process makes the solvent form many tiny droplets, which are going to rise along the extraction column due to the difference in the densities of the two phases. While the droplets are rising an exchange of material happens (mass transfer) whereby components of the mixture are getting separated. This work presents a numerical method to resolve the hydrodynamic model of the droplets. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Stability analysis of solid‐state lasers regarding thermal lensing effect
Authors: Graupeter Thomas , Pflaum Christoph
Published: December 2012

The thermal lensing effect in the crystal influences the stability of solid‐state lasers. The deformation of the end faces of the crystal and the temperature dependence of the refraction index causes this effect. The photoelastic effect produced by thermal induced stress in the crystal has also an influence. For high power lasers and for lasers with a radially polarized laser beam the analysis of the photoelastic effect is important. We use FE model to calculate the deformation, heat and stress distribution in the laser crystal with high accuracy in this work. Using the calculated stress distribution we also simulated the refraction index anisotropy with respect to the crystal orientation. We can study stability of laser resonators for both radially and azimuthally polarized laser beam, as a result of our simulation. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Semi‐Lagrangian discretization of the upper‐convective derivative in Non‐Newtonian fluid flow
Authors: Wensch Jörg , Naumann Andreas
Published: December 2012

Non‐Newtonian fluid flow is governed by the Navier‐Stokes equations with an additional source term resulting from Non‐Newtonian stresses. The Non‐Newtonian stresses evolve along particle paths according to an evolution equation. The temporal derivative in this case is the upper convected derivative. We describe a semi‐Lagrangian discretization of the upper convected derivative. Numerical results for the flow over a contraction are given. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Definitizable products of selfadjoint operators
Authors: Azizov Tomas Ya. , Denisov Mikhail , Philipp Friedrich
Published: December 2012

We extend the notion of definitizability from selfadjoint operators in Krein spaces to products of selfadjoint operators in Hilbert spaces and show that the spectral properties essentially remain the same. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On perturbations in the leading coefficient matrix of time‐varying index‐1 DAEs
Authors: Berger Thomas
Published: December 2012

Time‐varying index‐1 DAEs and the effect of perturbations in the leading coefficient matrix is investigated. An appropriate class of allowable perturbations is introduced. Robustness of exponential stability with respect to a certain class of perturbations is shown in terms of the Bohl exponent and perturbation operator. Finally, a stability radius involving these perturbations is introduced and investigated. In particular, a lower bound for the stability radius is derived. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
ℋ∞‐Norm Computation for Large and Sparse Descriptor Systems
Authors: Benner Peter , Voigt Matthias
Published: December 2012

In this paper we discuss the problem of computing the ℋ∞‐norms of transfer functions associated to large‐scale descriptor systems. We exploit the relationship between the ℋ∞‐norm and the structured complex stability radius of the corresponding system pencil. To compute the structured stability radius we consider so‐called structured pseudospectra. Namely, we have to find the pseudospectrum that touches the imaginary axis. Therefore, we set up an iteration over the real part of the rightmost pseudoeigenvalue. For that we use a new fast iterative scheme which is based on certain rank‐1 perturbations of the system pencil. Finally, we illustrate the performance of our algorithm by using a real‐world example. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A combined approach of considering uncertainty in optimization tasks to efficiently identify robust designs
Authors: Götz Marco , Pannier Stephan , Graf Wolfgang , Kaliske Michael
Published: December 2012

The aim of almost all design tasks in engineering is to determine a robust design. In order to assess the robustness, the uncertainty of input parameters has to be taken into account. The incorporation of uncertain parameters in an optimization task may succeed in an active or passive manner. In this contribution, the theoretical bases of active and of passive optimization strategies are introduced. In an active approach, also denoted as here‐and‐now strategy, the uncertainty for a respective design is known and the robustness can be assessed directly. Thereby, the numerical effort to determine a robust optimum can be tremendous. In a passive approach, also denoted as wait‐and‐see strategy, the optimal design is determined without a distinct knowledge about the uncertainty of this design. A first good shot about an optimal robust design can be determined efficiently, but a quantification of robustness is hindered. Both approaches are evaluated in detail and on the basis of the obtained results, a combined approach is elaborated. In a combined approach, the advantages should be intensified while the disadvantages should be reduced. Hence, a robust design can be identified in a numerically efficient way. The applicability of the presented approach is demonstrated by means of an example. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Multiple primary cancer survivors have poorer health status and well‐being than single primary cancer survivors: a study from the population‐based PROFILES registry
Authors: Thong Melissa S. Y. , Mols Floortje , Verhoeven Rob H. A. , Liu Lifang , Andrykowski Michael A. , Roukema Jan A. , van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke V.
Published: December 2012

Objective

The health status and psychosocial well‐being of multiple primary cancer (MPC) survivors are under‐researched.

Methods

In total, 3615 survivors identified from the Eindhoven Cancer Registry between 2008 and 2009 were assessed. About one in six survivors had survived MPC (n = 556). All survivors completed questionnaires on health status (SF‐36/European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life module), mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and impact of cancer (Impact of Cancer).

Results

Compared with single primary cancer survivors, MPC survivors reported significantly poorer scores on general health and higher symptom scores on diarrhoea and fatigue. Significantly more MPC survivors met the subclinical cut‐off score of ≥8 points on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale depression subscale (27% vs. 19%, p = 0.0001). MPC survivors also reported significantly greater negative impact of cancer (namely body changes and life interferences) and positive impact of health awareness on their lives. All results were adjusted for age at survey, time since last diagnosis, sex, comorbidity, body mass index and marital status.

In secondary analyses, MPC survivors with different primary cancer combinations or time interval between primary cancer diagnoses had comparable health status and psychosocial well‐being.

Conclusion

Multiple primary cancer survivors reported a poorer health status and, in general, experienced a greater negative impact of cancer on their psychosocial well‐being than single primary cancer survivors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Non‐inferiority and superiority tests for partially matched data when a constraint is placed on the number of new tests
Authors: van de Ven Peter M. , Berkhof Johannes
Published: December 2012

Studies for assessing non‐inferiority or superiority of a new diagnostic or screening test relative to a standard test use a complete matched‐pairs design in which results for both tests are obtained for all subjects. We present alternative tests for the situation where results on the standard test are obtained for all subjects but results on the new test are obtained for a subset of those subjects only. This situation is common when results for the standard test are available from a large biobank. We present a stratified random sampling procedure for drawing the subsample of subjects that receive the new diagnostic test with strata defined by the two outcome categories of the standard test. We derive appropriate statistical tests for non‐inferiority and superiority of the new diagnostic test. We will show how the number of subjects that receive the new test can be minimized by non‐proportional stratified random sampling. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microstructured, Functional PVA Hydrogels through Bioconjugation with Oligopeptides under Physiological Conditions
Authors: Chong Siow‐Feng , Smith Anton A. A. , Zelikin Alexander N.
Published: December 2012

In this work, bioconjugation techniques are developed to achieve peptide functionalization of poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA, as both a polymer in solution and within microstructured physical hydrogels, in both cases under physiological conditions. PVA is unique in that it is one of very few polymers with excellent biocompatibility and safety and has FDA approval for clinical uses in humans. However, decades of development have documented only scant opportunities in bioconjugation with PVA. As such, materials derived thereof fail to answer the call for functional biomaterials for advanced cell culture and tissue engineering applications. To address these limitations, PVA is synthesized with terminal thiol groups and conjugated with thiolated peptides using PVA in solution. Further, microstructured, surface‐adhered PVA physical hydrogels are assembled, the available conjugation sites within the hydrogels are quantified, and quantitative kinetic data are collected on peptide conjugation to the hydrogels. The success of bioconjugation in the gel phase is quantified through the use of a cell‐adhesive peptide and visualization of cell adhesion on PVA hydrogels as cell culture substrates. Taken together, the presented data establish a novel paradigm in bioconjugation and functionalization of PVA physical hydrogels. Coupled with an excellent safety profile of PVA, these results deliver a superior biomaterial for diverse biomedical applications.
Stackable ROADM with optical amplifier for use in IP‐Over‐CWDM ring networks
Authors: Koyama Osanori , Nooruzzaman Md. , Thi Thanh Thuy Nguyen , Zahilah Raja , Uesugi Tatsuya , Katsuyama Yutaka
Published: December 2012

A stackable module with a bidirectional coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) amplifier is proposed to introduce the optical amplifier into an stackable‐reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (S‐ROADM) for use in an IP‐over‐CWDM ring network, and the performance is evaluated experimentally. Packet transfer changes are monitored during the lightpath reconfiguration, which needs optical amplification. The result clarify that the lightpaths are reconfigured successfully, including the remote activation of the amplifiers. As a result, the stackable feature of the amplifier module enables us to provide a cost‐effective introduction into the network on an implement‐it‐when‐necessary base in a fully compatible way with the existing S‐ROADM modules when constructing the S‐ROADM with an amplifier. Therefore, the amplifier module can be used in the same way as the ROADM modules to construct the S‐ROADM, providing manually adding capability of the amplifier to in‐service networks. Thus, the amplifier module has a big advantage to use it flexibly and economically in the IP‐over‐CWDM ring networks. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Fast approximation of Parzen density estimation for fingerprint alignment
Authors: Park Heemin
Published: December 2012

Previous fingerprint alignment approaches may produce biased results because of outliers caused by fingerprint noise. To account for noise, major trends from transformations can be extracted using Parzen density estimation. However, this extraction is computationally intense. Here, we propose a fast approximation algorithm of the Parzen density estimation for global fingerprint alignment. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm's performance is as good as that of Parzen density estimation and it has a much shorter execution time. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Contemplation on Detonation Pressures of Nitramines and ­Nitro Aromatics
Authors: Türker Lemi
Published: December 2012

A physical model and a mathematical theory for the detonation pressures of explosives materials were developed. The pressure values are expressed as function of the detonation velocity (D) and the average mass (m) of the gaseous products, and are applied for various nitramines and aromatic nitro compounds including nitro pyrimidines and nitro triazines. Some regression equations were obtained and discussed. The pressure values show poor linear dependence on the average mass of the products but good dependence on the detonation velocities alone or Dm. Moreover, for the same Dm value nitramines should produce more pressure than aromatic nitro compounds. This work deals with pressure developed by explosion products and interrelates it with detonation pressure within the constraints of certain assumptions and pays attention to so far unnoticed relationships at least under certain circumstances.
Erratum: charm quark contribution to $ {K^{+}}\to {\pi^{+}}\nu \overline{\nu} $ at next-to-next-to-leading order
Authors: Buras Andrzej J. , Gorbahn Martin , Haisch Ulrich , Nierste Ulrich
Published: December 2012

Abstract

We correct the treatment of anomalous triangle diagrams occuring in the effective theory in which the heavy top quark is integrated out. To this end we determine the initial conditions and anomalous dimensions of the operator describing the Z-mediated coupling of neutrinos to quarks and further rectify the bilocal renormalization group evolution. Our changes affect the charm-quark contribution P
c(X) at the next-to-leading and next-to-next-to-leading orders, but are numerically negligible as they amout to relative shifts below a permille.
Scaling BPS solutions and pure-Higgs states
Authors: Bena Iosif , Berkooz Micha , de Boer Jan , El-Showk Sheer , Van den Bleeken Dieter
Published: December 2012

Abstract

Depending on the value of the coupling, BPS states of type II string theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold can be described as multicenter supergravity solutions or as BPS states in a quiver gauge theory. While states that spread into the Coulomb-branch states can be mapped one-to-one to supergravity states, this is not automatically so for the majority of Higgs-branch states. In this paper we explicitly compute the BPS spectrum of the Higgs branch of a three-center quiver with a closed loop, and identify the subset of states that are in one-to-one correspondence with Coulomb/supergravity multicenter states. We also show that there exist additional “pure-Higgs” states, that exist if and only if the charges of the centers can form a scaling solution. Using generating function techniques we compute the large charge degeneracy of the “pure-Higgs” sector and show that it is always exponential. We also construct the map between Higgs- and Coulomb-branch states, discuss its relation to the Higgs-Coulomb map of one of the authors and Verlinde, and argue that the pure Higgs states live in the kernel of this map. Given that these states have no obvious description on the Coulomb branch or in supergravity, we discuss whether they can correspond to a single-center black hole or can be related to more complicated horizonless configurations.
Tschermaks Clinopyroxene-bearing Calc-silicate Skarn Rock at Nirwand, Patcham Island, Kutchh, Gujarat
Authors: Maitra Monoj , Korakoppa M. M.
Published: December 2012

The alkaline plug of Nirwandh in Patchaam Island, Kutchh district, Gujarat is emplaced within the unmetamorphosed Jurassic limestone of Patcham Formation. A thin band of Tschermaks clinopyroxene (fassaite)-grandite-bearing calc-silicate occurs as skarn rock at the contact of the alkaline plug and limestone sediments. The mineralogical and textural evidences indicate that the rock is evolved by contact metamorphism due to fluid infiltration at shallower depth during very high temperature regime.
MnNCKFMASH Phase Relations in Cordierite–Orthopyroxene Migmatitic Gneisses, Southern India: Implications for Low-pressure Crustal Melting under Granulite-facies
Authors: Sreejith C. , Kumar G. R. Ravindra
Published: December 2012

Cordierite-orthopyroxene migmatitic gneisses exposed in Achankovil unit of the Kerala Khondalite Belt, southern India show evidences of melting, melt extraction and in-situ crystallization of melt under granulite-facies conditions. The sequential mineral assemblages garnet + biotite + orthopyroxene + plagioclase + quartz (± melt) in the mesosomes and garnet + biotite + orthopyroxene + cordierite + plagioclase + K-feldspar + quartz + melt in the melanosomes makes the Achankovil cordierite-orthopyroxene migmatitic gneisses a good example of anatectic rocks, where substantial melt fractions remained in-situ during decompression and cooling. Therefore, the rocks provide an opportunity to investigate deep crustal processes and record of rheological (thermal and mechanical) reequilibration prevailed during the final stages of orogeny.

The significance of cordierite formation and its possible relationship with melt formation are investigated applying theoretical calculations in the MnO–Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O (MnNCKFMASH) system. Results of numerical modelling of the mineral assemblages in pressure–temperature–composition (P–T–X) pseudosections using Perple_X infer that the sequence of reactions involving formation of cordierite-orthopyroxene-melt assemblage is consistent with an isothermal decompression (with a pressure drop of >1.5 kbars) at high temperatures (>800 °C), forming leucosomes. Biotite dehydration melting reactions, occurring above 4.5 kbars constrain prograde arm of the P–T trajectory and is interpreted as a product of crustal thickening, which was followed by rapid decompression. The final stage of exhumation is characterized by rehydration of cordierites in the melanosome by melt-solid interactions at exceptionally low-pressure (~3.2 kbars) conditions. The high-temperature isothermal decompression inferred from the mineral reactions and P–T–X pseudosections constitute a clockwise P–T path for the exhumation of the lower crust. This clockwise P–T path is consistent with the common tectonic model accepted for the genesis of granulite-facies migmatites during crustal thickening and later unroofing, accompanied with arc-continent collision. Our conclusions indicate low–P metamorphism and anatexis can be traced to convergent setting, where melt buoyancy considerably decreases density of the lithosphere and modifies rheology leading to rapid exhumation of the lower crust. Therefore, the crustal evolution in the Kerala Khondalite Belt is correlated with two stage processes: (i) thickening of the crust in relation to a continental-arc setting, followed by (ii) exhumation along a high-temperature stable geotherm with sufficient pressure release associated with syn- to post-convergence transpression and transtension.
Geochemical Exploration for Hydrocarbons in the Soils of Southeast of Krishna-Godavari Basin, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Lakshmi M. , Rasheed M. A. , Madhavi T. , Reddy B. Rajeswara , Kalpana M. S. , Patil D. J. , Dayal A. M.
Published: December 2012

Surface adsorbed gas surveys and geo-microbiological surveys are known techniques of petroleum exploration and aim towards risk reduction in exploration by way of identifying the areas warm with hydrocarbons and to establish intense exploration priorities amongst the identified warm areas. The present investigation aims to explore correlation between the adsorbed gas distribution pattern with the distribution of the counts of methane, ethane, propane and butane microbial oxidizers in the sub soil samples to establish the role of the latter in identifying the upward migration of hydrocarbons especially in the known petroliferous Krishna-Godavari Basin, India. A total of 135 soil samples were collected near oil and gas fields of Tatipaka, Pasarlapudi areas of Krishna Godavari Basin, Andhra Pradesh. The soil samples were collected from a depth of 2 - 2.5 m. The samples collected, were analyzed for indicator hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria, adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon isotopes (δ13Cmethane). The microbial prospecting studies showed the presence of high bacterial population for methane (3.94 x 105 cfu/gm), ethane (3.85 x 105 cfu/gm), propane (4.85 x 105 cfu/gm) and butane oxidizing bacteria (3.63 x 105 cfu/gm) in soil samples indicating microseepage of hydrocarbons. The light gaseous hydrocarbon analysis showed 83 ppb, 92 ppb, 134 ppb, 187 ppb and 316 ppb of C1, C2, C3, nC4 and nC5, respectively, and the carbon isotopic composition of δ13C1of the samples ranged between – 36.6 ‰ to -22.7‰ (Pee Dee Belemnite) values, which presents convincing evidence that the adsorbed soil gases collected from these sediments are of thermogenic origin. Geo-microbial prospecting method and adsorbed soil gas and carbon isotope studies have shown good correlation with existing oil/gas fields of K.G basin. Microbial surveys indicating microseepage of hydrocarbons can, therefore, independently precede other geochemical and geophysical surveys to delineate areas warm with hydrocarbons and mapped microbiological anomalies may provide focus for locales of hydrocarbon accumulation in the K.G basin.
Morphological and Stratigraphical Significance of Lower Gondwana Plant Fossils of Mohpani Coalfield, Satpura Gondwana Basin, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Srivastava A. K. , Saxena Anju , Agnihotri Deepa
Published: December 2012

Plant fossils from the coal bearing Barakar Formation exposed in Gottitoria open cast mine of Mohpani Coalfield, Satpura Gondwana Basin are described for the first time. The assemblage is represented by Glossopteris communis, G. indica, G. stenoneura, Gangamopteris angustifolia, G. cyclopteroides, G. karharbariensis, G. major, seeds of Cordaicarpus zeilleri and equisetaceous stems. The dominance of the species of Gangamopteris over the species of Glossopteris and absence of Noeggerathiopsis indicate the floral affinity with the flora of Lower Barakar Formation of Lower Gondwana.
Generation of Emissivity and Land Surface Temperature Maps Using MODIS TIR Data for Lithological Mapping over the Singhbhum-Orissa Craton
Authors: Majumdar T. J. , Pal S. K. , Bhattacharya Amit K.
Published: December 2012

The present study was undertaken with four fold objectives, namely, (i) to estimate land surface temperature using MODIS TIR data; (ii) to calculate relative emissivities from MODIS TIR data; (iii) to identify various lithologies based on relative emissivity and land surface temperature estimation; and finally, (iv) to carry out comparative assessment analysis between the prepared lithological map and the published lithological map. The land surface temperatures for different pixels were estimated using two methods, viz., Reference Channel and Emissivity Normalization; whereas, relative emissivities were calculated by applying three methods, viz., Reference Channel, Emissivity Normalization and Alpha Residual. Lithological maps were subsequently prepared based on the estimated land surface temperatures and relative emissivity values. The present study shows that the Emissivity Normalization method gives the best results for land surface temperature estimation and also for lithological discrimination based on emissivity estimation. Twenty-four lithounits demarcated by the present study match with those of the published map, while four lithounits of the published map could not be identified in the present study. On the other hand, six additional unclassified lithounits could be demarcated in the present study, which need to be crosschecked by field study.