bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE AND THE GENDER PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Fuentes Soriano Olga
Published: January 2025

This paper analyzes what the gender perspective brings to the criminal process. In the sphere of the criminal justice system, the gender perspective has to play a defining role in both the investigation and in the prosecution stages. Within this last phase, special attention will be paid to how the gender perspective influences the evaluation of the evidence and specifically in the victim's testimony when this constitutes the only evidence against him, as well as in the need for its corroboration through peripheral elements. This corroboration is essential to safeguard the right to the presumption of innocence; but only by applying the gender perspective will the victim's right to evidence be respected.
Evaluación espacio-temporal de metales pesados y calidad de agua del río San Juan mediante el Índice de Calidad Ambiental (2016-2020)
Authors:   , Galarreta Ochoa Gino Mauricio , Gallardo Melgar Hector Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

Un problema frecuente en el sector minero es la posible existencia de contaminantes en los cuerpos de agua, que puede ser de origen antropogénico. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la calidad de agua influenciada por la actividad minera a lo largo del río San Juan (región Pasco) en un tramo de 12.65 km y a una altitud de 4000-4200 msnm durante el período 2016-2020; además, comparar los valores con los estándares de calidad ambiental (ECA) de agua; y analizar la variación de la presencia de metales pesados y su correlación con parámetros fisicoquímicos. Mediante el uso de la información de los parámetros de monitoreo, se logró determinar que la calidad de agua del río San Juan obtuvo distintas calificaciones en el Índice de Calidad Ambiental de los Recursos Hídricos Superficiales (ICARHS), sea en condición de “regular”, “malo” o “pésimo” a lo largo del tramo de estudio. Se determinó que el metal manganeso (Mn) excedió el ECA de agua categoría 3 (riego de vegetales y bebida de animales) con mayor frecuencia en el área de estudio, respecto a la muestra los valores más altos de Mn en 210 de 232 datos en los que se supera el ECA de 0.2 mg/L. La concentración de metales pesados del agua en cuatro puntos de monitoreo del río San Juan durante las épocas de estiaje y avenidas no muestran valores considerables, salvo en el caso de Mn, el cual ha tenido un comportamiento de correlación directamente proporcional con la conductividad en época de avenida, mientras que en tiempo de estiaje ha mantenido un comportamiento de correlación indirectamente proporcional con la temperatura del agua. Además, en la zona de estudio se tienen yacimientos mineros de Cu, Mn y Pb, por lo que, en época de…
Experimental Research on High-Voltage Electric Pulse Rock-Breaking Performance
Authors: Liu Weiji , Tang Wuji , Zhu Xiaohua , Zhou Xin , Zhang Youjian
Published: January 2025

High-voltage electric pulse (HVEP) drilling technology offers advantages such as high rock-breaking efficiency and low energy consumption. However, its effectiveness is influenced by parameters including pulse voltage magnitude and the shape and structure of the high-voltage electrode drill bit (HVED). Currently, there is limited research on the mechanisms by which high pulse voltages (>100 kV) affect rock dielectric breakdown and the patterns of pulse voltage generation. To better reflect the impact of various parameters on rock-breaking performance during HVEP drilling, this study conducts laboratory experiments on HVEP rock breaking. The effects of pulse voltage magnitude, different rock samples, and various HVED shapes on HVEP rock-breaking efficiency were investigated. The experimental results indicate that the cracks generated after the electric pulse breakdown of rock are predominantly tensile, with a hackly pattern, and propagate to significant depths. When shear cracks form inside the rock, they predominantly propagate as small crack growths, resulting in a larger area of the rock being affected by the cracks. The pentagonal prism-shaped HVED exhibited the highest average standard deviation in rock-breaking performance, indicating the greatest variability. Cylindrical and conical HVEDs showed better rock-breaking performance with deeper fractures, though concave surfaces were observed in the center of the fractures. Triangular and quadrangular prism-shaped HVEDs demonstrated the most consistent rock-breaking quality. In addition, increasing the electrode bit diameter reduced the maximum electric field strength within the rock, increased the average electric field strength, and expanded the breaking range. This study provides valuable insights for the development of electric pulse rock-breaking tools and the advancement of HVEP drilling technology.
A filamentous phage promotes meningococcal colonization by selecting hyperadhesive pili variants linking phage infection to bacterial virulence
Authors: Bille Emmanuelle , Mouville Clémence , Brizard Antoine , Wuckelt Morgane , Montabord Melanie , Lécuyer Hervé , Meyer Julie , Jamet Anne , Durel Beatrice , Izabelle Charlotte , Nassif Xavier , COUREUIL mathieu
Published: January 2025

Filamentous phages belong to Inoviruses, a family of non-lytic phages that are mutually beneficial to their bacterial hosts. These phages have a role in bacterial dissemination, biofilm formation or immune evasion. In Neisseria meningitidis, the strains harbouring the MDA filamentous phage are associated with invasive diseases through the MDAΦ key role in epithelial cell colonisation. Using MDAΦ and N. meningitidis as model organisms, we aimed to understand the relationship between filamentous phage infection, type IV pili antigenic variation and bacterial colonisation. The paradigm of filamentous phage infection has been defined for the phages Ff and CTX, where binding to the tips of bacterial type IV pili is a means of infecting their bacterial host. In contrast, we showed that MDAΦ binds N. meningitidis type IV pili along the length of the filament, rather than at the tip, with preferential binding to positively charged variants of PilE (the major fibre-forming pilin) demonstrating a role for antigenic variation in phage infection. Strikingly, bacteria expressing the more positively charged PilE were the most adhesive, meaning that MDAΦ primarily target the most adhesive bacteria. Finally, we showed that adhesion to human cells is sufficient to amplify the phage-positive meningococcal population. Taken together, this study reveals how the propagation strategy of a filamentous phage, aimed at selecting the best coloniser as a host, can promote the selection of hyperadhesive bacterial variants, linking phage infection to bacterial virulence.
Trust and the Future of Learning: A Model for AI-Supported Edtech in Higher Education
Authors: Asare Andy , Yap Robin
Published: January 2025

The current study sought to investigate behavioral factors that affect students’ trust perception in using AI-supported Edtech in a postsecondary institution. A model and research hypotheses were developed based on extensive literature and theoretical reviews on technology acceptance theories to affirm the nature of the hypotheses for the study. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was adopted as the model for the current study by expanding it with trust, and perceived risk. Data was collected from students at the studying at a public institution in Ontario, Canada. The data collected were analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques to affirm the study hypotheses. The findings revealed that all the independent variables of Perceived Compatibility, Ease of Use, Usefulness, Facilitating Condition, Risk, and Subjective Norms had a significant and positive influence on students' Trust perception in using AI-supported Edtech. By examining the influential factors of students' behavioral intention to use Edtech, this study will practically position academicians and policymakers in higher educational institutions in their quest to invest in AI-supported Edtech to prioritize variables aimed at influencing students' trust perception to use AI-supported Edtech.
Interannual Variability of Annual Minimum Sea Surface Temperature in the Eastern China Seas
Authors: Ding Wenxiang , Zhang Caiyun , Chen Yongxin , Mo Jingrui , Zeng Rui , Wu Qiong
Published: January 2025

An understanding of ocean temperature variability and extremes is a prerequisite for assessing the resilience of marine ecosystems. While significant attention has been paid to the impacts of extremely high temperatures, extremely low temperatures have received comparatively less consideration. This study investigated interannual variability in the annual minimum sea surface temperature (Tmin) in the Eastern China Seas from 1985 to 2022. The results reveal significant spatial and temporal patterns in Tmin and its timing. Distinct regional differences were observed between warming areas influenced by warm currents and cooling areas dominated by coastal currents. Both regions showed positive correlations between Tmin and annual minimum air temperature (AirTmin), as well as between the occurrences of Tmin AirTmin, and annual minimum wind (V). However, key regional differences were also observed. From December through March, Tmin was closely linked to air temperature and longwave radiation in warming regions. In cooling regions, Tmin was influenced by wind (V), latent heat flux (QLH) and sensible heat flux (QSH), with December conditions affecting Tmin and February conditions impacting Tmin timing. The study also showed that low Tmin values led to increased chlorophyll levels and a high likelihood of marine cold spells. These findings offer important insights into the dynamics of regional sea surface temperature and help to understand the effects of climate change on marine ecosystems.
Green Synthesis and Assessment of Antibacterial and Antiobiofilm Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Using Carthumas tinctorius Extract
Authors: Hamid Marwa T. , Hussein Nehia N.
Published: January 2025

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using Carthamus tinctorius flower extract exhibit significant biomedical potential, particularly for their antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. Various characterization techniques, including UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, zeta potential, FTIR, and XRD, confirmed the successful biosynthesis of AgNPs with spherical shapes, sizes ranging from 20 to 60 nm. The UV-visible spectrum displayed a peak at approximately 417 nm, indicating AgNP formation.Invitro antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized AgNPs was demonstrated against Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii across different concentrations (100 to 6.25 µg/mL). Results showed concentration-dependent bacterial inhibition, with the highest efficacy observed at 100 µg/mL, especially against E. coli and A.baumannii(inhibition zones of 16.66 mm and 16.33 mm, respectively). The study highlights the potential application of AgNPs as bioactive agents in biotechnology and pharmacology.
Lactobacillus paracasei LCQ-1 Exhibits Good Safety and Effectively Prevents Escherichia coli K99-Induced Diarrhea in Mice
Authors: Wang Fengjie , Chen Li , Li Yang , Gao Guangping , Wang Yanan , Shi Ruili , Zhang Hongjun , Chen Yingyu , Cao Rui , Shi Qiumei , Wu Tonglei
Published: January 2025

Escherichia coli is a common pathogen causing diarrhea in livestock and poultry, posing a serious threat to intestinal health and leading to significant economic losses in the animal husbandry industry. While antibiotics have been used to treat Escherichia coli diarrhea, their numerous drawbacks have led to increasing attention on probiotic interventions. In this study, Lactobacillus paracasei LCQ-1 was isolated from fresh cow dung, and its in vitro and in vivo safety and probiotic properties were evaluated. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Lactobacillus paracasei LCQ-1 exhibited good antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K99, along with key probiotic characteristics such as acid production, acid and bile salt tolerance, high-temperature resistance, hydrophobicity, and cell adhesion. Furthermore, it showed no hemolytic activity, gelatinase activity, or mucin-degrading activity, and it only exhibited decarboxylase activity for histamine. While resistant to certain antibiotics, no significant resistance genes were detected, indicating favorable probiotic and safety profiles. In vivo, acute toxicity tests in mice revealed no signs of acute poisoning after 14 days of high-dose oral administration. A 28-day oral toxicity test showed that different doses did not affect organ indices, cause bacterial translocation, alter blood biochemical parameters, or damage the ileum. In the infection protection experiment, oral administration of Lactobacillus paracasei LCQ-1 significantly increased the survival rate of Escherichia coli K99-infected mice from 50–80%. In conclusion, Lactobacillus paracasei LCQ-1 demonstrated excellent safety and probiotic properties both in vitro and in vivo, and shows promising potential in preventing and treating Escherichia coli K99 infections, with possible applications in animal health management.
In silico bioprospecting of the Neotropical Plant Mandacaru (Cereus) for antimicrobial property
Authors: Teodoro João Alfredo , Senra Marcus V. X. , Amaral Danilo T.
Published: January 2025

The mandacaru is a cactus species complex widely known in Brazil, with extensive applications in medicinal, food, and agricultural fields. Although it is used medicinally, by traditional populations, to treat several diseases, knowledge about its biomolecules of biotechnological potential is still limited, specifically regarding antimicrobial and healing properties. The bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics presents a significant challenge in modern medicine. In light of this scenario, the bioprospecting of mandacaru for biotechnological applications as an antimicrobial begins as a new and imperative research area. In this study, transcriptomic data from three Cereus species (C. fernambucensis, C. hildmannianus, and C. jamacaru) were combined with bioinformatic approaches, including protein modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations, to identify proteins with therapeutic potential for treating wound infections. Our findings highlighted peptides with particularly promising antimicrobial agents, demonstrating efficacy against a range of pathogens, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi. Those peptides showed strong interactions with the STD and Na ligands, though the STD ligand emerged as the most likely candidate for enhancing antimicrobial activity. Molecular dynamics revealed that while CF15 exhibited limited stability, CF267, CF48, CH167, and CH176 displayed superior stability, positioning it as the most promising candidate for further investigation. Future work will focus on synthesizing them and evaluating its antimicrobial properties through in vitro and in vivo analyses, with the goal of developing it into a potent therapeutic agent.
A lightweight methodology for Motor Imagery EEG classification utilizing step scaled wavelet fractals and Bi-LSTM architecture
Authors: . Balendra , Sharma Neeraj , Sharma Shiru
Published: January 2025

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) represents a cutting-edge area of research that integrates neuroscience, engineering, and computer science to establish direct communication links between the human brain and external systems. BCI-based technologies hold significant promise, particularly in the development of prosthetic devices. However, the practical application of BCI in real-time scenarios faces several obstacles, including bulky models, noise interference, artifacts, and the complexity of motor imagery (MI) electroencephalogram (EEG) data, which exhibits both inter-subject and intra-subject variability. To address these challenges, the proposed algorithm utilizes loading and pre-processing of MI EEG, extracts their common spatial patterns, calculates the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) coefficients, computes their proposed step scaled mean wavelet fractals which exhibits robustness towards inherent noises and artifacts, calculates the cross-correlation matrix at different scale for all channels and observes the evolution in cross-correlation matrices with the help of customized Bi-long-short term memory (Bi-LSTM) neural network to classify MI EEG. The customized Bi-LSTM architecture had the size < 10MB showing the effectiveness of methodology for MI EEG classification utilizing embedded based devices. The best classification accuracies achieved with proposed step scaled mean wavelet fractals were 87.75% and 85.45% for intra-subject as well as 76.16% and 71.76% for inter-subject on BCI Competition IV 2b and 2a respectively; the comparative analysis with earlier state of the art methods showed an average improvement of 2.28% and 2.33% for intra-subject as well as 0.22% and 3.21% for inter-subject in accuracy.
Synthesis, characterization, in vitro antibacterial and in vivo antimalarial studies of arylsulphonamoyl ala-val carboxamide dipeptides
Authors: Adoga Ogakwu Sunday , Okoro U. C. , Dattatraya Dethe H. , Shukula Manmohan , Makatini Maya M.
Published: January 2025

The synthesis of twenty-three (23) new ala-val dipeptides carboxamides bearing the sulphonamide functionality are reported. This was achieved by first reacting substituted and unsubstituted benzene sulphonyl chlorides with alanine to give three substituted and unsubstituted benzene sulphonamoyl alkanoic acids (1a-c). Secondly, boc-protected valine carboxamide (carbamate) derivatives (2a-h) were prepared by reacting boc-valine with various primary and secondary aliphatic amines as well as with alicyclic and aromatic amine heterocycles aided by peptide coupling reagents. The carbamates were deprotected and the free amines reacted with the already prepared substituted and unsubstitutedbenzenesulphonamoyl alkanoic acid derivatives aided by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride/hydroxybenzotriazole (peptides coupling reagents) to give the substituted and unsubstituted ‘ala-val’ dipeptide carboxamide derivatives bearing the sulphonamide functionality (3a-w). All the synthesized compounds were characterized using FTIR, 1H and 13C-NMR and ESI- and APCI- MS, and the spectra of the compounds were in agreement with the assigned structures. The In vitro antimicrobial study revealed that most compounds were active against the tested organisms. Compounds 3c and 3d were observed to be the most active against E. coli (G-)/Staphylococcus aureus (G+) and trypanosome at zone of inhibition (29 mm) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.25 and 3.125 µg/mL respectively. The compounds showed moderate to good in vivo antimalarial activity, and compound 3t exhibited the highest percentage (%) inhibition of 73.81. Compound 3s showed the highest % parasitemia (29.55) compared with the 36.96% parasitemia for the negative control.
Role of METTL3 protein in asthma: Insights from transcriptomic profiling and molecular docking analysis
Authors: Jiang Kaichong , Li Qiao , Duan Ling , Zhu Xieying , Wu Shuang
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by complex immune dysregulation. This study aims to identify key m6A-related genes, particularly METTL3, as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in asthma.
Methods
Transcriptomic data from the GEO (GSE134544) dataset were analyzed to identify differentially expressed m6A-related genes. Functional enrichment analysis was performed using clusterProfiler, immune infiltration profiling was conducted with CIBERSORT, and a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA, including miRNA and lncRNA) network was constructed. Drug enrichment analysis was carried out using DSigDB, and molecular docking was utilized to assess the interaction between Dabigatran and the METTL3 protein.
Results
From 192 differentially expressed genes, four m6A-related genes (METTL3, HNRNPC, IGFBP2, and RBMX) were identified as hub genes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed significant enrichment in biological processes related to RNA metabolic processes and post-transcriptional regulation, while KEGG analysis identified important pathways such as spliceosome and p53 signaling pathways. METTL3 and HNRNPC were central in the ceRNA network, interacting with miRNAs such as hsa-miR-93-3p and lncRNAs like LINC01529. Drug enrichment analysis identified Dabigatran as a potential METTL3 inhibitor, with molecular docking confirming a stable binding affinity (-5.9 kcal/mol).
Conclusion
This study emphasizes the critical role of m6A-related genes, particularly METTL3 and HNRNPC, as biological macromolecules in asthma pathophysiology, and provides insights into their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for asthma treatment.
Long-term survival of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma: a single-center real- world study of 408 cases in China
Authors: Wang Jie , Yang Yunfan , Zhang Chunlan , Zhong Xushu , Liu Qinyu , Xu Caigang
Published: January 2025

Aims
To investigate the long-term survival of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) before the era of new drugs.
Methods
This retrospective real-world study enrolled patients with ENKTL at xx hospital between January, 2012 and December, 2017. Survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were performed.
Results
Among 408 patients with ENKTL, the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 75.3%, and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 75.3%. Nasal type had significantly better 5-year OS (78.8%) and PFS (78.8%) compared to extranasal type (45.1% and 45.6%, respectively; P < 0.001). Early-stage patients had higher 5-year OS (84.5%) and PFS (91.2%) with chemotherapy plus radiotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone (56.7% and 85.9%, respectively; P < 0.001). Asparaginase-based regimens improved outcomes, especially in advanced stages. Achieving complete remission (CR) after first-line treatment significantly improved 5-year OS (81.9%) and PFS (82.0%). Multivariate analysis showed that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) (HR = 2.728, 95%CI: 1.563–4.761); type of first-line treatment, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy (HR = 0.303, 95%CI: 0.184–0.501), chemotherapy and ASCT (HR = 0.373, 95%CI: 0.162–0.857), and first-line treatment achieved CR (HR = 0.565, 95%CI: 0.364–0.877), were independent prognostic factors for patients’ OS.
Conclusions
Different treatment strategies might impact the long-term survival of patients with ENKTL before the era of new drugs. Chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy, asparaginase-based regimens, and achieving complete remission (CR) after first-line treatment are associated with improved outcomes, particularly in early-stage and advanced-stage patients. Moreover, ECOG performance status, type of first-line treatment were independent prognostic factors for OS.
A Validity and Reliability Study of the Citizenship Fatigue Scale in a Turkish Sample
Authors: SEN Hanife TIRYAKI , POLAT Şehrinaz , KARAMAN Mesut , ÖZDEMİR Dilek
Published: January 2025

Aim
The aim of the study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Citizenship Fatigue Scale in a Turkish context.
Method
This methodological study involved 321 randomly selected nurses from a population of 650 at a public hospital. Data were collected using the Nurse Information Form, Citizenship Fatigue Scale, and Compulsory Citizenship Behavior Scale. The scales' validity and reliability were assessed through content and construct validity, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, criterion-related validity, and item-total score correlations.
Results
The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) values and Bartlett's test of Sphericity for the Citizenship Fatigue Scale were found to be significant. The scale items were grouped under a single factor, with an eigenvalue greater than 1, accounting for 68.41% of the total variance. It was determined that the factor loadings of the scale items ranged from 0.624 to 0.879. A positive and significant correlation was found between citizenship fatigue and compulsory citizenship (r = 0.654; p = 0.000), confirming the criterion validity of the scale. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the scale was found to be 0.929, indicating high internal consistency.
Conclusion
As a result of the validity and reliability analyses conducted in this study, it was determined that the Citizenship Fatigue Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for use with nurses in Türkiye. It is recommended that the scales be tested on samples from different occupational groups to further assess their applicability and generalizability.
Implications for nursing practice and nursing policy:
Measuring organisational citizenship fatigue among nurses is necessary to identify, prevent or reduce the factors that cause this fatigue. This study provides information in this area and helps managers and organisations to identify the causes of citizenship fatigue among nurses. Policy makers and managers should develop and implement interventions at both organisational and individual levels.
Exploration of Prey-Taxis and Fear induced Turing Patterns in Ecological Networks
Authors: Bhargava Masoom , Dubey Balram , Upadhyay Ranjit Kumar
Published: January 2025

Recent ecological studies have focused on mathematical modeling, analysis and simulations of thespatial-temporal population distribution of interacting species. In this work, we try to comprehendthe spatiotemporal dynamics that are impacted by the prey-taxis coefficient in an environment wheregeneralist predators induce fear and have carryover effects that trigger both prey and predator populationsto form clusters. By validating the analytical requirements, the suggested model exhibits afinite-time blow-up dependent on initial data. This phenomenon has been numerically confirmed forpredator species. In addition, we expand the spatial model in a discrete environment. Stability analysishas been done for the non-spatial model, the spatial model on networks, and the continuous medium.This study explores the development of spatial patterns in both networked and non-networked environments,specifically comparing the formation of Turing patterns in network framework with thoseobserved in continuous media while considering various network topologies. The combined effects ofthe fear parameter, network structures, and the prey-taxis coefficient are shown to influence Turingpatterns. Different parameter sets cause distinctive patterns, like spots and stripes, to emergegradually. Our simulations demonstrate the effects of various network layouts, namely Lattice (LA),Barabsi-Albert (BA), and Watts-Strogatz (WS) networks, on the node density distribution and thetime needed for patterns to stabilize. We also show how the internal dynamics of networks influencespecies distribution in their environments. These discoveries offer crucial new understandings of theintricate dynamics of prey-predator interactions in ecological networks.
Dynamic and Scalable Flood Risk Assessment Using GIS, AHP, and Novel Fuzzy AHP: A Case Study of the Upper Tigris Basin
Authors: Kaya Berfin , Çelik Recep
Published: January 2025

Floods are one of the most frequent and destructive natural disasters, requiring advanced methodologies for effective risk assessment and management. This study evaluates flood risk in the Upper Tigris Basin using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integrated with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy AHP (FAHP). By analyzing eight critical parameters—precipitation, slope, elevation, lithology, land use, soil type, aspect, and proximity to rivers—risk maps were generated through Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques. The AHP method identified precipitation as the most critical factor, contributing 32.5% to overall risk, while FAHP refined the results by addressing uncertainties, enhancing the weights of key parameters like precipitation (32.6%) and slope (15.4%). The FAHP map showed greater differentiation in medium- and low-risk areas, improving its suitability for localized interventions. High-risk zones in northeastern districts, including Lice, Hani, and Hazro, were influenced by high precipitation and steep slopes. Beyond the local context, this study demonstrates the global applicability of integrating GIS with fuzzy logic-based methods for disaster risk assessment. By effectively capturing uncertainties and enhancing precision, these methods provide a replicable framework for other regions facing similar challenges. This research contributes to the scientific understanding of flood dynamics and offers innovative tools for improving disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies worldwide.
Land Use Land Covers Change and Habitat Vulnerability to Disturbance in Menz-Guassa Community Conservation Area, North Shewa, Ethiopia
Authors: Bantigeza Marwuha Kifetew , Tesfay Fikrey , Terefe Hailu , Mezgebo Teklebrhan
Published: January 2025

Land degradation is among the serious problems in Menz-Guassa community conservation area, in northern Shewa, Ethiopia. Therefore, we assessed the spatio-temporal changes in land-use/land-cover; and produced a vulnerability to degradation risk map of the major habitats. Landsat images of 1985, 1994, 2005, 2013, and 2024 were used for this study. A supervised classification method (Maximum Likelihood) produced a land use/land cover change map. Multi-criteria evaluation through the overlay weight analysis of ArcGIS 10.5 was used to evaluate habitat vulnerability to degradation risk. The study identified seven LULC categories: natural forest, plantation forest, bare land, cultivated land, built-up, Shrubland, and grassland. Cultivated land increased by 246% from 201.2 ha in 1984 to 696.6 ha in 2024 while grassland decreased alarmingly by 54.1% from 4898.6 ha in 1984 to 2247.8 ha in 2024; which could be due to agricultural expansion and area closure practices performed in the area. The dynamics of grassland showed a significant increase in the first (1985–1994) and second periods (1994–2005), but a decrease in the third (2005–2013) and fourth period (2013–2024) which was associated with free grazing in the first and second periods whereas free grazing practice in the third and fourth periods. Based on the weight overlay analysis result, about 3726.58 ha of the remaining different land uses fall under very high and high vulnerability to habitat degradation. The area demands control of agricultural expansion through smart agricultural practices and nature-based rehabilitation and conservation of the grassland.
Bose Statistics of Random Walks on Graphs
Authors: Harringer Manfred
Published: January 2025

We build probabilistic process models of motions on a finite graph. For particle statistics, at first we select a particle. Then we build a path of the particle along consecutive edges. Particles are distinguished. Single particles perform Markov chains. For Bose statistics, at first we select an edge as request for a path of a particle along the edge. Particles are not distinguished. The edges are randomly selected by probability weights, or they are triggered by circuits of courses in small steps on circles. We present examples for these process models. We obtain some results, which follow from the balance equation, a refinement of the corresponding balance equation for Markov chains. Quantum mechanics inhibits these process models, because there the annihilation of the zero state is zero.
A pre-post evaluation of the Family Engagement in Research Course: Does it increase knowledge, abilities, and confidence in family engagement in neurodevelopmental disability and child health research?
Authors: Cross Andrea , Soper Alice Kelen , Thomson Donna , Putterman Connie , McCauley Dayle , Solomon Patricia , Chambers Christine T. , Gorter Jan Willem
Published: January 2025

Background: The Family Engagement in Research (FER) Course launched in 2018 for researchers and family members to co-learn the principles and practice of engagement in neurodevelopmental disability and child health research. As part of the start-up period, six cohorts (163 participants) were enrolled. To ensure the FER Course was meeting its aims to increase knowledge, skills, and confidence in FER, a pre-post evaluation was conducted on the FER Course from 2018-2021.
Methods: Sixty-nine participants completed pre-and post-evaluations; satisfaction was evaluated after the course only (n=96). Data collection involved surveys with 10-point Likert Scale questions about participants’ experiences of the course, participants’ knowledge, abilities, attitudes towards, and self-confidence in family engagement in research, and overall satisfaction. Stata Statistical Software was used to conduct Wilcoxon rank sum to compare differences between researchers and family members’ responses and the Wilcoxon signed rank tests to evaluate change in outcomes from before to after the course. Open-ended survey responses were analyzed descriptively.
Results: There were statistically significant increases in participants’ knowledge, abilities, and self-confidence to engage in research. Positive attitudes towards FER were consistently rated highly pre- and post- evaluation with no significant change observed. Participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the FER Course, in particular with the group projects.
Conclusions: The FER Course meets the need for training both family members and researchers, so that they are equipped with the knowledge, abilities, and confidence to collaborate in neurodevelopmental disability and child health research.
ГОРОДИЩЕ СТАРЫЙ ТЕРМЕЗ С ТОЧКИ ЗРЕНИЯ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ: ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ ДВУХ ГРУПП ИСТОРИЧЕСКИХ ПАМЯТНИКОВ
Authors: АЛПАТКИНА Т.Г. , НИКУЛИНА О.С.
Published: January 2025

Сурхандарьинский оазис на юге Узбекистана в древности был территорией Северной Бактрии. Один из крупнейших городов региона Термез. Городище Старый Термез включает две группы исторических памятников: Приамударьинскую и Присурханскую . В статье проанализированы основные этапы истории города с середины Iтыс. дон.э. до XVIIIв. Отмечено, что доIXXвв. раскопками установлено существование только Приамударьинской группы. Отдельно рассмотрен вопрос о водоснабжении города. Показаны географические особенности создания ирригации в нижнем течении Сурхандарьи, при ее впадении в Амударью. Сделан вывод о первостепенном значении географических, а именно особых ландшафтных и климатических условий для возникновения поселения в Присурханской группе и проведения отсюда каналов к городу в Приамударьинской группе, без чего был невозможен дальнейший рост и экономическое развитие Термеза.

In antiquity, the oasis of Surkhandarya in the south of Uzbekistan was part of the territory of Northern Bactria. One of Bactrias largest cities was Termez. The Old Termez site includes two groups of historical monuments, Amudarya and Surkhandarya. The article presents the stages of the citys history from the middle of the 1st millennium BC to the 18th century. Excavations have established that, to the 9th 10th centuries, only the Amudarya group had existed. The article examines the issue of water supply and considers the geographical features that facilitate irrigation in the lower reaches of the Surkhandarya River, where it flows into the Amudarya. The article concludes that geographical factors, namely the specific landscape and climatic conditions, had been of paramount importance for the emergence of settlements in the Surkhandarya group and for digging the main irrigation channels towards the city in the Amudarya part, without which the growth and development of Termez would have been impossible.
INSULIN RESISTANCE AND HEPATIC MARKERS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Bonam Venkata Ramesh , Supriya P , Reddamma Pedda P
Published: January 2025

Aim: The objective of this study was to compare liver markers and insulin resistance between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals and determine the correlation between diabetic and non-diabetic parameters.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry after being approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Fasting venous blood was collected for serum analysis of various biochemical parameters, including liver enzymes AST and ALT. Total and direct bilirubin and plasma proteins like total protein, albumin, globulin, A:G ratio were assessed using automated chemistry analyzers. Insulin levels were measured using a hormone analyzer based on electrochemiluminescence. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) formula, and PON1 activity was determined using a spectrophotometric method.
Results: The study showed a significant increase in the levels of insulin, liver enzymes, bilirubin, and insulin resistance in T2DM patients compared to controls. Notably, AST and ALT exhibited excellent discriminatory ability as liver markers, with perfect AUC values, while PON1 showed lower AUC values, indicating its limited utility as a liver marker in T2DM. Positive correlations were observed between PON1 and HOMA-IR, as well as between PON1 and insulin levels. These findings suggest that while liver enzymes like AST and ALT are robust markers of liver disease in T2DM, PON1 may not be as effective in predicting liver disease in this population.
Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into the association between liver markers and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), highlighting the importance of comprehensive liver function assessment in diabetic individuals.
FEATURES OF ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE LUNGS IN SEVERE COURSE OF COVID-19 INFECTION
Authors: Kuzyk Yuliia , Semko Marta , Dankovych Roman
Published: January 2025

Introduction. An essential point in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is endothelial dysfunction with the development of thrombosis and microangiopathy of pulmonary vessels, which is one of the causes of high mortality. At the same time, electron microscopic examination of the pulmonary vascular bed in COVID-19 coronavirus infection is rarely performed.
Objective: To investigate ultrastructural changes in the pulmonary microcirculatory bed by determining the features of endothelial damage and the role of vascular disorders in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 coronavirus infection.
Methods. The material was collected at autopsy, no later than 2 hours after the fact of death of patients, fixed in Millonig's fixative with pH 7.36. Dehydration was carried out in increasing-strength ethanol, transferred to propylene oxide, and tarred in a mixture of Araldite. Ultrathin sections with a thickness of 60 nμ were made using an LKB 2188 Ultrotome NOVA ultramicrotome. According to Reynolds, sections were mounted on support grids and contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. The obtained samples were viewed in a transmission electron microscope TEM 100-01, and photofixation was carried out using a KAPPA Image Base digital camera.
Results. Significant structural changes in type 2 pneumocytes were observed with the development of degeneration and reactive hyperplasia, the formation of syncytial elements, dyscirculatory disorders with endothelial alteration, pronounced hyperemia and stasis, coagulopathy, and thrombosis. In the lumen of the alveoli, in addition to the deposition of fine-grained masses of fibrin hyaline membranes, fibrinous exudate, desquamated type 2 pneumocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, single neutrophils, and erythrocytes were detected.
Individual type 2 pneumocytes were characterized by the appearance of “giant lamellar bodies” measuring 2-4 μm, which occupied a significant part of the cytoplasm. Hyperplasia of type 2 pneumocytes was observed in some areas of the lung tissue. The proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen fibrils was detected in the interstitium of the interalveolar septa.
Conclusions. As a result of transmission electron microscopy of the lungs of patients who died due to severe COVID-19 coronavirus infection, pronounced dyscirculatory changes were found in the vessels of the microcirculatory bed, characterized by the development of hyperemia, stasis, and microthrombosis with pronounced degenerative, necrotic changes in the endothelium and the development of endotheliitis
Codebase release 1.0 for QDarts
Authors: Krzywda Jan , Liu Weikun , van Nieuwenburg Evert , Krause Oswin
Published: January 2025

We present QDarts, an efficient simulator for realistic charge stability diagrams of quantum dot array (QDA) devices in equilibrium states. It allows for pinpointing the location of concrete charge states and their transitions in a high-dimensional voltage space (via arbitrary two-dimensional cuts through it), and includes effects of finite tunnel coupling, non-constant charging energy and a simulation of noisy sensor dots. These features enable close matching of various experimental results in the literature, and the package hence provides a flexible tool for testing QDA experiments, as well as opening the avenue for developing new methods of device tuning.
Liberation of the Oppressed in Madurese Manuscripts Kitab Maksiat; A Study of Liberation Theology
Authors: Chair Badrul Munir
Published: January 2025

The daily life of the Muslim community today is faced with various humanitarian problems, including economic problems and oppression. These problems must be solved immediately by reinterpreting the sources of Islamic theology with humanitarian goals. In order for theology to be present in solving various problems experienced by modern humans, it is necessary to reinterpret the values contained in Islamic teachings, from being solely theocentric to theo-anthropocentric. This research will elaborate on the liberation of the tertin das in the manuscript of Kitab Maksiat found in Madura. This type of research is a literature research. This research uses a qualitative approach. The main source of this research is Kitab Maksiat, which is a 24-page Arabic manuscript written in prose style. The results of this study can be concluded that the concept of liberation in the manuscript of Kitab Maksiat can be described into two categories, namely liberation from exploitative economic structures, and liberation of the oppressed (mustad'afin). The attitude of liberation from degrading fellow human beings in the manuscript is manifested in not prioritising the rich over the poor, siding and respecting the mustad'afin, that wealth is not a measure to determine who should be prioritised.
On the issue of personification of the history and activity of domestic literary museums
Authors:   Vladimir Dal State Museum of the History of Russian Literature, Epifanova Liliya M.
Published: January 2025

The paper provides an overview of the block of biographical articles in the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia”. Both well-known and little-studied names are represented in the articles. In the course of collective work on the encyclopedia, the list of personalia was supplemented. The vast majority of additions were initiated by museums articles about which have been already included in the encyclopedia. It indicates the notable interest of the museum community in this project. Attention is emphasized on the importance of presentation in the largest group of personalia — of museum employees representing both leading federal and regional and also small literary museums (municipal, library, school and public museums, libraries-museums), as well as now defunct museums — not only organizers and directors, but also heads of departments and other museum staff members. A conclusion has been made that the data from these articles is essential for understanding the history of domestic museum practice and also promising for use as material for prosopographical analysis with the aim of creating a collective portrait of an employee of a Russian literary museum. The author states the relevance of the ideas of museologists in the articles about them. Names of researchers representing different humanities who are not straight involved in museum activities were included due to interdisciplinary approach. The biographies of private museum creators, and also the collectors and museum givers serve the purpose of a more detailed display of the history of preservation and popularization of literary heritage. Particular interest for the reader will be aroused by articles about those who had familiar or friendly ties with the commemorated writers, as well as about writers involved in the organization and activities of the museums.
Encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia” in the educational process of training museologists
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture, Mastenitsa Elena N.
Published: January 2025

The article reveals the possibilities of using the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia” as an information resource in the process of training museologists in undergraduate and graduate educational programs in the field of “Museology and protection of cultural and natural heritage objects”. A unique encyclopedic publication dedicated to a specialized group of museums is considered from the point of view of its educational potential. The representativeness of a carefully compiled bibliography is noted as an important element of the scientific reference apparatus, so necessary in the research process, which is the most important component of university education. A wide range of museological disciplines is outlined, in the process of studying which it is advisable to refer to encyclopedia articles. The thematic structure and content of the course “Literary Museums”, introduced into the educational program for bachelor’s training, implemented by the Department of Museology and Cultural Heritage of the St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture since 2010 is revealed. The experience of teaching the specialized discipline is analyzed, the need to refer to generalizing articles of the encyclopedia in the process of independent mastering educational material by students. The heuristic and cognitive potential of the encyclopedia is stated, which is not limited to its use in a course devoted to literary museums. An interdisciplinary approach, a solid source base, rich and informative illustrative material, a significant block of articles about outstanding figures of science and culture in Russia, carefully verified historical information, including about the literary process as part of the cultural development of the country from ancient times to the present, its documentation and representation in the museum allow us to conclude that this work will be in wide demand in the field of Russian higher education in the humanities.
Experience in writing articles for the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia”
Authors:   HSE University, Sizova Irina A.
Published: January 2025

The article outlines the challenges and tasks that may arise when preparing encyclopedic entries based on scientific research in museology. The author thoroughly examines the process of writing articles for the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia”, highlighting the primary areas of work and key aspects involved. The main idea is that such work is a significant process requiring in-depth knowledge, analytical thinking, and reference to various sources. The importance of studying and systematizing information about aspects of museum activities, such as the use of information technologies, museum management, technical tools, and their impact on museum operations, is emphasized. Attention is drawn to several points: the enhancement of subject understanding and the expansion of knowledge base, information systematization, dissemination of knowledge, identification of new research directions, opportunities for professional development, and recognition within the professional community. Furthermore, the necessity of collaboration and experience exchange in the field of museology is highlighted. It is noted that the museum sector has long been regarded as secondary within the cultural domain and has not garnered the attention of scholars. However, over the past 30 to 40 years, there has been an exponential increase in scientific research on museum-related topics, indicating the inexhaustibility of this subject, particularly considering the interdisciplinary nature of museums as social institutions. Overall, the identified challenges and positive aspects have once again highlighted the significant potential for further development of museum studies.