bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIBRATION BASED PREDICTIVE FAULT ANALYSIS OF BEARING SEAL FAILURE AND CAVITATION ON INDUSTRIAL MONOBLOCK CENTRIFUGAL PUMP USING DEEP LEARNING ALGORITHM
Authors: S Manikandan , K Duraivelu
Published: August 2023

Industrial monoblock centrifugal pumps are critical pieces of rotational machinery that play an important role in manufacturing operations. The critical components must be in proper working order for the industry to continue operating. State monitoring is essential for monitoring and analysing the condition of equipment. Bearing failure, cavitation, a broken impeller, and other issues are common in monoblock centrifugal pumps. Traditional procedures for calculating outcomes have been proven to be time-consuming and difficult. At regular intervals, time domain vibrational signals are collected for the defective pump. These vibrational indicators are evaluated to the healthy, defect-free pump. To acquire the accuracy, these images are fed into an efficient deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). This research examines two types of failures outer race bearing seal failure and cavitation. The visuals are trained and assessed in proportions of 70:30. Finally, the DCNN architecture's fault diagnosis accuracy is 99.07%.
Eriophyoid mite species on bamboo in China (Acari: Eriophyidae): one new species and supplementary description of two sympatric species
Authors: Lu Yi-Wen , Xue Xiao-Feng
Published: August 2023

Eriophyoid mites are characterized by high host plant specificity—roughly 80% named species infesting only one host plant species. However, sympatric species, i.e. two or more eriophyoid mites infesting the same host, were consistently reported. In this study, we described and illustrated one new species, Abacarus horseshoex sp. nov. on Bambusa sp., and re-described two sympatric species, Abacarus fuzhoubambusae nom. nov. and Knorella bambusae (Kuang & Feng, 1989) on Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult. (Poaceae). Abacarus bambusae Kuang & Zhuo, 1987 now is Abacarus fuzhoubambusae nom. nov. All three eriophyoid mite species are vagrants causing no apparent symptom to their host plants. We further provided mitochondrial gene (cox1, 12S rRNA) and nuclear gene (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA) sequences for the new species and mitochondrial gene (cox1) for the other two species.
A new species of Antennoseius (Antennoseius) Berlese (Mesostigmata: Ascidae) from Brazil and a key to the world species of the subgenus
Authors: Martin João P. I. , Barros Ávyla R. A. , Moraes Gilberto J. de , Castilho Raphael C.
Published: August 2023

Antennoseius (Antennoseius) brasiliensis Martin & Castilho sp. nov. is described based on the morphology of adult females collected from litter/soil of a pasture of the Caatinga biome (relatively hot and dry), in Alagoas state, northeastern Brazil. A key for the separation of females of the 40 recognizable world species of Antennoseius (Antennoseius) is provided.
Pregnancy, Parenthood, and Elite Athletics: “There’s a Lot of Work Still Yet To Be Done”
Authors: Smith Sydney V.M. , Giles Audrey R. , Darroch Francine E.
Published: August 2023

Several female athletes have recently challenged the long-standing assumption that pregnancy/parenthood (particularly motherhood) and participation in elite-level sport are mutually exclusive. These women’s actions have elicited change across the elite athletics industry and have sparked a need for further research to understand how elite athlete-parents perceive these shifts. We used feminist poststructuralist theory, feminist participatory action research, and semistructured interviews to explore the perspectives of 21 pregnant and parenting elite/international and world-class athletes (11 women and 10 men) on the developing degree of acceptance of parenthood in elite athletics. Through feminist poststructuralist discourse analysis, we identified that, despite considerable recent advancements, there is still a need for continued change in the degree to which pregnant/parenting elite athletes are accepted and supported within elite athletics.
Tick-Tock Goes the Biological Clock: Challenges Facing Elite Scandinavian Mother-Athletes
Authors: Bergström Max , Sæther Stig Arve , Solli Guro Strøm , McGawley Kerry
Published: August 2023

Challenges facing mother-athletes (MAs) have aroused research and media attention in recent years, with an increasing number of sportswomen attempting to successfully combine pregnancy and motherhood with an elite athletic career. The aims of this study were to explore how MA-specific challenges manifest in elite cross-country skiing in Scandinavia and to better understand how female athletes balance their priorities as they initiate, maintain, and/or discontinue their role as a MA. Qualitative data were collected through semistructured interviews with 13 female cross-country skiers from Norway and Sweden. Thematic analyses revealed four MA-specific challenges facing the athletes: (a) Biological clock versus peak performance, (b) Maintaining fitness versus training safely, (c) Receiving support versus facing deselection, and (d) Balancing competing MA demands. Many of the athletes felt pressured into prioritizing either motherhood or athletic excellence, particularly in their early to mid-30s when the window of opportunity for building a family was considered limited. Further, maintaining fitness and training safely during pregnancy were perceived as a challenge, as was balancing the MA role after childbirth. In many cases, athletes felt uncertain about whether they would receive support from their team or federation. Moreover, there were expectations of incompatibility surrounding the MA role. More research and educational efforts to promote MA-specific knowledge, as well as developing structured processes and providing policies to support female athletes, are identified as vital future steps. These measures may prolong athletic careers and enhance well-being for elite female athletes.
New insight into flavivirus maturation from structure/function studies of the yellow fever virus envelope protein complex
Authors: Crampon E. , Covernton E. , Vaney M. C. , Dellarole M. , Sommer S. , Sharma A. , Haouz A. , England P. , Lepault J. , Duquerroy S. , Rey F. A. , Barba-Spaeth G.
Published: August 2023

Flavivirus particle maturation, a process essential for virus infectivity, has been mostly studied using dengue virus. In infected cells, immature icosahedral virions bud into the endoplasmic reticulum. Budding is induced by lateral contacts between heterodimers of transmembrane glycoproteins prM and E. During exocytosis through the trans-Golgi network (TGN), the acidic environment triggers a major particle reorganization in which E forms head-to-tail dimers and furin cleaves prM into globular pr and transmembrane M proteins. pr remains bound to E at acidic pH and blocks its fusogenic activity, but at neutral pH, its affinity for E drops and pr is shed from the particle in the extracellular environment, leaving a virion activated for fusion at low pH. We report here that recombinant yellow fever virus (YFV) pr retains high affinity for soluble E (sE) at neutral pH—significantly shifting the current paradigm. The X-ray structure of the YFV pr/sE complex shows essentially the same pattern of interactions reported for dengue virus, while the X-ray structure of YFV sE at neutral pH shows the same canonical head-to-tail sE dimer. pr binding to the sE dimer is precluded by the E “150-loop,” indicating it must adopt a different conformation in the E dimers on virions at acidic pH for pr binding. We had previously reported a similar local reorganization of the E 150-loop at acidic pH for the tick-borne encephalitis virus, with the important difference that pr stabilized a soluble sE head-to-tail dimer, which is not the case for YFV.

IMPORTANCE

All enveloped viruses enter cells by fusing their envelope with a target cell membrane while avoiding premature fusion with membranes of the producer cell—the latter being particularly important for viruses that bud at internal membranes. Flaviviruses bud in the endoplasmic reticulum, are transported through the TGN to reach the external milieu, and enter other cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis. The trigger for membrane fusion is the acidic environment of early endosomes, which has a similar pH to the TGN of the producer cell. The viral particles therefore become activated to react to mildly acidic pH only after their release into the neutral pH extracellular environment. Our study shows that for yellow fever virus (YFV), the mechanism of activation involves actively knocking out the fusion brake (protein pr) through a localized conformational change of the envelope protein upon exposure to the neutral pH external environment. Our study has important implications for understanding the molecular mechanism of flavivirus fusion activation in general and points to an alternative way of interfering with this process as an antiviral treatment.
The
Campylobacter concisus
BisA protein plays a dual role: oxide-dependent anaerobic respiration and periplasmic methionine sulfoxide repair
Authors: Benoit Stéphane L. , Maier Robert J.
Published: August 2023

Campylobacter concisus
, an emerging pathogen found throughout the human oral-gastrointestinal tract, is able to grow under microaerobic or anaerobic conditions; in the latter case, N- or S-oxides could be used as terminal electron acceptors (TEAs). Analysis of 23 genome sequences revealed the presence of multiple (at least two and up to five) genes encoding for putative periplasmic N- or S-oxide reductases (N/SORs), all of which are predicted to harbor a molybdopterin (or tungstopterin)-
bis
guanine dinucleotide (Mo/W-
bis
PGD) cofactor. Various N- or S-oxides, including nicotinamide N-oxide, trimethylamine N-oxide , biotin sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and methionine sulfoxide (MetO), significantly increased anaerobic growth in two
C. concisus
intestinal strains (13826 and 51562) but not in the
C. concisus
oral (type) strain 33237. A collection of mutants was generated to determine each N/SOR substrate specificity. Surprisingly, we found that disruption of a single gene, annotated as “
bisA
” (present in strains
Cc
13826 and
Cc
51562 but not in
Cc
33237), abolished all N-/S-oxide-supported respiration. Furthermore, Δ
bisA
mutants showed increased sensitivity to oxidative stress and displayed cell envelope abnormalities, suggesting BisA plays a role in protein MetO repair. Indeed, purified recombinant
Cc
BisA was able to successfully repair MetO residues on a commercial protein (β-casein), as shown by mass spectrometry. Our results suggest that BisA plays a dual role in
C. concisus
, by allowing the pathogen to use N-/S-oxides as TEAs and by repairing periplasmic protein-bound MetO residues, therefore essentially being a periplasmic methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr). This is the first report of a Mo/W-
bis
PGD-containing Msr enzyme in a pathogen.

IMPORTANCE

Campylobacter concisus
is an excellent model organism to study respiration diversity, including anaerobic respiration of physiologically relevant N-/S-oxides compounds, such as biotin sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, methionine sulfoxide (MetO), nicotinamide N-oxide, and trimethylamine N-oxide. All
C. concisus
strains harbor at least two, often three, and up to five genes encoding for putative periplasmic Mo/W-bisPGD-containing N-/S-oxide reductases. The respective role (substrate specificity) of each enzyme was studied using a mutagenesis approach. One of the N/SOR enzymes, annotated as "BisA", was found to be essential for anaerobic respiration of both N- and S-oxides. Additional phenotypes associated with disruption of the
bisA
gene included increased sensitivity toward oxidative stress and elongated cell morphology. Furthermore, a biochemical approach confirmed that BisA can repair protein-bound MetO residues. Hence, we propose that BisA plays a role as a periplasmic methionine sulfoxide reductase. This is the first report of a Mo/W-bisPGD-enzyme supporting both N- or S-oxide respiration and protein-bound MetO repair in a pathogen.
How and why snakebite became a global health priority: a policy analysis
Authors: Bhaumik Soumyadeep , Zwi Anthony B , Norton Robyn , Jagnoor Jagnoor
Published: August 2023

Background

Snakebite was added to the WHO neglected tropical disease (NTD) list in 2017, followed by a World Health Assembly resolution in 2018, and an explicit global target being set to reduce the burden in 2019. We aimed to understand how and why snakebite became a global health priority.

Methods

We conducted a policy case study, using in-depth interviews, and documents (peer-reviewed and grey literature) as data sources. We drew on Shiffmanet al’s framework on global health network to guide the analysis.

Results

We conducted 20 interviews and examined 91 documents. The prioritisation of snakebite occurred in four phases: pre-crescendo, crescendo, de-crescendo and re-crescendo. The core snakebite network consisted of academics, which expanded during the re-crescendo phase to include civil society organisations and state actors. The involvement of diverse stakeholders led to better understanding of WHO processes. The use of intersecting and layered issue framing, framing solutions around snake antivenoms, in a background of cross-cultural fascination and fear of snakes enabled prioritisation in the re-crescendo phase. Ebbs and flows in legitimacy of the network and reluctant acceptance of snakebite within the NTD community are challenges.

Conclusion

Our analyses imply a fragile placement of snakebite in the global agenda. We identify two challenges, which needs to be overcome. The study highlights the need to review the WHO criteria for classifying diseases as NTD. We propose that future prioritisation analysis should consider identifying temporal patterns, as well as integrating legitimacy dimensions, as in our study.
Patient and family contributions to improve the diagnostic process through the OurDX electronic health record tool: a mixed method analysis
Authors: Bell Sigall K , Harcourt Kendall , Dong Joe , DesRoches Catherine , Hart Nicholas J , Liu Stephen K , Ngo Long , Thomas Eric J , Bourgeois Fabienne C.
Published: August 2023

Background

Accurate and timely diagnosis relies on sharing perspectives among team members and avoiding information asymmetries. Patients/Families hold unique diagnostic process (DxP) information, including knowledge of diagnostic safety blindspots—information that patients/families know, but may be invisible to clinicians. To improve information sharing, we co-developed with patients/families an online tool called ‘Our Diagnosis (OurDX)’. We aimed to characterise patient/family contributions in OurDX and how they differed between individuals with and without diagnostic concerns.

Method

We implemented OurDX in two academic organisations serving patients/families living with chronic conditions in three subspecialty clinics and one primary care clinic. Prior to each visit, patients/families were invited to contribute visit priorities, recent histories and potential diagnostic concerns. Responses were available in the electronic health record and could be incorporated by clinicians into visit notes. We randomly sampled OurDX reports with and without diagnostic concerns for chart review and used inductive and deductive qualitative analysis to assess patient/family contributions.

Results

7075 (39%) OurDX reports were submitted at 18 129 paediatric subspecialty clinic visits and 460 (65%) reports were submitted among 706 eligible adult primary care visits. Qualitative analysis of OurDX reports in the chart review sample (n=450) revealed that participants contributed DxP information across 10 categories, most commonly: clinical symptoms/medical history (82%), tests/referrals (54%) and diagnosis/next steps (51%). Participants with diagnostic concerns were more likely to contribute information on DxP risks including access barriers, recent visits for the same problem, problems with tests/referrals or care coordination and communication breakdowns, some of which may represent diagnostic blindspots.

Conclusion

Partnering with patients and families living with chronic conditions through OurDX may help clinicians gain a broader perspective of the DxP, including unique information to coproduce diagnostic safety.
T-cell receptor beta variable gene polymorphism predicts immune-related adverse events during checkpoint blockade immunotherapy
Authors: Stephen Bettzy , Hajjar Joud , Sarda Shrutii , Duose Dzifa Yawa , Conroy Jeffrey M , Morrison Carl , Alshawa Anas , Xu Mingxuan , Zarifa Abdulrazzak , Patel Sapna P , Yuan Ying , Kwiatkowski Evan , Wang Linghua , Rodon Ahnert Jordi , Fu Siqing , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Lowman Geoffrey M , Looney Timothy , Naing Aung
Published: August 2023

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, they are associated with a unique spectrum of side effects, called immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which can cause significant morbidity and quickly progress to severe or life-threatening events if not treated promptly. Identifying predictive biomarkers for irAEs before immunotherapy initiation is therefore a critical area of research. Polymorphisms within the T-cell receptor beta (TCRB) variable (TRBV) gene have been implicated in autoimmune disease and may be mechanistically linked to irAEs. However, the repetitive nature of the TCRB locus and incomplete genome assembly has hampered the evaluation of TRBV polymorphisms in the past.

Patients and methods

We used a novel method for long-amplicon next generation sequencing of rearranged TCRB chains from peripheral blood total RNA to evaluate the link between TRBV polymorphisms and irAEs in patients treated with immunotherapy for cancer. We employed multiplex PCR to create amplicons spanning the three beta chain complementarity-determining regions (CDR) regions to enable detection of polymorphism within the germline-encoded framework and CDR1 and CDR2 regions in addition to CDR3 profiling. Resultant amplicons were sequenced via the Ion Torrent and TRBV allele profiles constructed for each individual was correlated with irAE annotations to identify haplotypes associated with severe irAEs (≥ grade 3).

Results

Our study included 81 patients who had irAEs when treated with immunotherapy for cancer. By using principal component analysis of the 81 TRBV allele profiles followed by k-means clustering, we identified six major TRBV haplotypes. Strikingly, we found that one-third of this cohort possessed a TRBV allele haplotype that appeared to be protective against severe irAEs.

Conclusion

The data suggest that long-amplicon TCRB repertoire sequencing can potentially identify TRBV haplotype groups that correlate with the risk of severe irAEs. Germline-encoded TRBV polymorphisms may serve as a predictive biomarker of severe irAEs.
Efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions: a systematic review informing the 2023 EULAR recommendations for the management of fatigue in people with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases
Authors: Santos Eduardo José Ferreira , Farisogullari Bayram , Dures Emma , Geenen Rinie , Machado Pedro M
Published: August 2023

Objective

To identify the best evidence on the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions in reducing fatigue in people with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (I-RMDs) and to summarise their safety in the identified studies to inform European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology recommendations for the management of fatigue in people with I-RMDs.

Methods

Systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) including adults with I-RMDs conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook. Search strategy ran in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Complete, PEDro, OTseeker and PsycINFO. Assessment of risk of bias, data extraction and synthesis were performed by two reviewers independently. Data were pooled in meta-analyses.

Results

From a total of 4150 records, 454 were selected for full-text review, 82 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and 55 RCTs were included in meta-analyses. Physical activity or exercise was efficacious in reducing fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (standardised mean differences (SMD)=−0.23, 95% CI=−0.37 to −0.1), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (SMD=−0.54, 95% CI=−1.07 to −0.01) and spondyloarthritis (SMD=−0.94, 95% CI=−1.23 to −0.66); reduction of fatigue was not significant in Sjögren’s syndrome (SMD=−0.83, 95% CI=−2.13 to 0.47) and systemic sclerosis (SMD=−0.66, 95% CI=−1.33 to 0.02). Psychoeducational interventions were efficacious in reducing fatigue in RA (SMD=−0.32, 95% CI=−0.48 to −0.16), but not in SLE (SMD=−0.19, 95% CI=−0.46 to 0.09). Follow-up models in consultations (SMD=−0.05, 95% CI=−0.29 to 0.20) and multicomponent interventions (SMD=−0.20, 95% CI=−0.53 to 0.14) did not show significant reductions of fatigue in RA. The results of RCTs not included in the meta-analysis suggest that several other non-pharmacological interventions may provide a reduction of fatigue, with reassuring safety results.

Conclusions

Physical activity or exercise and psychoeducational interventions are efficacious and safe for managing fatigue in people with I-RMDs.
Towards the incorporation of hydrogeochemistry into the modelling of permafrost environments: a review of recent recommendations, considerations, and literature
Authors: Lapalme Caitlin M. , Spence Christopher , Costa Diogo , Bonsal Barrie R. , Musetta-Lambert Jordan , Fazli Yalda
Published: August 2023

This study is a meta-analysis of recent global research articles on hydrogeochemical modelling of permafrost regions to determine trends and consensus on research gaps and future research directions. The hydrogeochemical response of permafrost to climate change remains challenging to estimate and forecast despite evidence of large-scale impacts on freshwater and ecological cycles. We investigate the feasibility, need, and potential for hydrogeochemical modelling of permafrost landscapes by reviewing recommendations from previous modelling, review, and primer papers, including discussing ways to advance this type of modelling science. Key permafrost hydrogeochemical processes are discussed, including heat transfer and associated freeze–thaw regimes, biogeochemical processes and rates, and surface and subsurface flow. Modelling considerations (i.e., model dimension, scale, heterogeneity, and permafrost zonation) and model parameters are subsequently examined. Finally, limitations and additional considerations for advancing permafrost hydrogeochemical modelling efforts are reviewed. The findings of this review are summarized in recommendations, tables, and two schematics incorporating key considerations for future hydrogeochemical modelling initiatives in permafrost environments.
Leaching of base and metal cations from litter and soils vary in two forest stands with different tree species
Authors: Sun Xinyao , Zhang Xinying , Wu Fuzhong , Wu Qiuxia , Zhu Jingjing , Ni Xiangyin
Published: August 2023

Understanding the distribution of cations in forest soils is important for forest management. Here, we evaluated the leaching of cations, potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), iron (Fe3+), aluminium (Al3+), and manganese (Mn2+), from litter through soils in two forest stands with different tree species. We incubated Castanopsis carlesii leaf litter in a Castanopsis carlesii stand and Cunninghamia lanceolata needle litter in a Cunninghamia lanceolata stand using a microcosm method with monthly collections of litter and soil leachates, and the concentrations of cations and fluxes of these cations were assessed separately. We found more Ca2+ but less Na+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ fluxes in litter leaching solutions in Cunninghamia lanceolata than in Castanopsis carlesii stand because of their different initial concentrations in fresh litter. Although cations leached from leaf litter differed among tree species, the leaching fluxes did not vary between stands. Moreover, annual fluxes of cations leached from soils were significantly higher than those from leaf litter, leading to a net loss of soil nutrients to downstream environment. Therefore, the results suggest that reforestation with mixed stands by introducing broadleaved trees in Chinese fir monoculture plantations might reduce soil nutrient loss through the leaching pathway.
Association of reproduction with seasonality in a subtropical viviparous fish, Jenynsia tucumana (Cyprinodontiformes: Anablepidae)
Authors: Jewell Hanna K. , Noguera C.A. , Hael C.E. , Torres-Dowdall Julián , Aguilera Gastón
Published: August 2023

For fishes in temperate environments, the timing of seasonal reproduction has been correlated with changes in photoperiod and temperature. In tropical environments, seasonal hydrological patterns have been found to be drivers of the onset of reproduction. Despite these established relationships, data on reproductive seasonality for viviparous fish are limited. Here, we investigate aspects of reproduction in the viviparous fish Jenynsia tucumana Aguilera & Mirande, 2005 over the course of 12  months in the Salí River basin (Tucumán, Argentina), which is characterized by dry, short winters, and long, tropical summers. Size and reproductive data were collected each month. We found J. tucumana displayed marked sexual dimorphism in size, with females having higher length and weight when compared to males. Larger females have higher fecundities compared to smaller females. The breeding season corresponds with seasonal changes in photoperiod, air temperature, and rainfall, but ends with the arrival of heavy rainfall later in the season. Interestingly, J. tucumana produce and mature oocytes year-round, unlike congeneric species. This may be an adaptive strategy imposed by the irregular flooding of subtropical mountainous river stream habitats, which maintain high productivity well into early autumn.
A two-stage multi-step numerical scheme for mixed convective Williamson nanofluid flow over flat and oscillatory sheets
Authors: Nawaz Yasir , Shoaib Arif Muhammad , Abodayeh Kamaleldin , Hassan Soori Atif
Published: August 2023

The novelty of this contribution is to propose an implicit numerical scheme for solving time-dependent boundary layer problems. The scheme is multi-step and consists of two stages. It is third-order accurate in time and constructed on three-time levels. For spatial discretization, a fourth-order compact scheme is adopted. The stability of the proposed scheme is analyzed for scalar linear partial differential equation (PDE) that shows its conditional stability. The convergence of the scheme is also provided for a system of time-dependent parabolic equations. Moreover, a mathematical model for heat and mass transfer of mixed convective Williamson nanofluid flow over flat and oscillatory sheets is modified with the characteristic of the Darcy–Forchheimer model. The results show that the temperature profile rises by developing thermophoresis and Brownian motion parameter values. Also, the proposed scheme is compared with an existing Crank–Nicolson method. It is found that the proposed scheme converges faster than the existing one for solving scalar linear PDE as well as the system of linear and nonlinear parabolic equations, which are dimensionless forms of governing equations of a flow phenomenon. The findings provided in this study can serve as a helpful guide for future investigations into fluid flow in closed-off industrial settings.
The evaluation of the Al/ZnO/Si/Al heterojunction diode current-conducting mechanisms
Authors: Benhaliliba M.
Published: August 2023

This work focuses on the electrical transport and conduction mechanisms — inside a sprayed — made zinc oxide-on-p-type silicon junction device. A fabricated Al/ZnO/Si/Al heterojunction is characterized at 300 and 380[Formula: see text]K in the dark. The aforementioned theories predict that the current density (J) is an exponential function of measured voltage (V) and work temperature (T). Exponential equations are linearized as a result of a current conduction mechanism (CCM) kind. Useful parameters like barrier height [Formula: see text] of trap are extracted from the slope B. Ohmic and space charge limited current (SCLC) regimes inside are studied at 300 and 380[Formula: see text]K recording a shift in exponent as a result of temperature. Fowler–Nordheim (FN) conduction mechanism inside Al/ZnO/Si/Al device is considered slope and [Formula: see text] values are determined for two cited work temperatures. Our device presents a thermionic emission (TE) and exhibits an effect of temperature on slope and intercept values of (ln[Formula: see text]/A*[Formula: see text]) function. The Poole–Frenkel (PF) emission in terms of 1/V data are presented for 300 and 380[Formula: see text]K. Besides, PF emission mechanism in terms of 1/[Formula: see text] is exhibited and parameters are influenced by temperature. Behavior of conductance as a result of temperature is detailed and evidenced.
Dynamical behavior of two locally coupled asymmetric RF-SQUIDs
Authors: Malekifar A. , Pahlavani H. , Fazeli S. M.
Published: August 2023

An asymmetric system consisting of two coupled radio frequency superconducting quantum interference devices (RF-SQUIDs) with general geometry as nonlinear macroscopic system with mutual inductance under the influence of a time-dependent external field has been investigated numerically. Due to the importance of mutual induction in the construction of such nonlinear asymmetric systems, the dependence of coupling coefficient on the frequency changes, the primary and secondary resonance amplitudes and also the anti-resonances in both squids have been investigated. By changing the geometry of the arrangement of squids, the dynamic behavior parameters of the system have been studied. The eigenvalues of this system have been found and by changing frequency, the stable and unstable states have been studied.
Quantum simulation of non-Born–Oppenheimer dynamics in molecular systems by path integrals
Authors: Datta Sumita
Published: August 2023

A numerical algorithm based on the probabilistic path integral approach for solving Schrödinger equation has been devised to treat molecular systems without Born–Oppenheimer approximation in the nonrelativistic limit at zero temperature as an alternative to conventional variational and perturbation methods. Using high-quality variational trial functions and path integral method based on generalized Feynman–Kac method, we have been able to calculate the non-Born–Oppenheimer energy for hydrogen molecule for the [Formula: see text] state and hydrogen molecular ion. Combining these values and the value for ionization potential for atomic hydrogen, the dissociation energy and ionization potential for hydrogen molecules have been determined to be 36 113.672(3)[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and 124 446.066(10)[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], respectively. Our results favorably compare with other theoretical and experimental results and thus show the promise of being a nonperturbative alternative for testing fundamental physical theories.
Numerical study of slip flow of a micropolar fluid through a porous wedge surface with the impact of a chemical reaction and heat source/sink
Authors: Prakash Sharma Ram , Mishra S. R. , Pattnaik P. K. , Tinker Seema , Rao Allipudi Subba
Published: August 2023

In the existing investigation, impacts of slip and chemical reactions on mass and heat exchange on an incompressible and electrically conducting micropolar fluid past a porous wedge within the sight of Hall and ion slip are examined. By employing similarity conversion, the relevant highly nonlinear PDEs are reformed into a collection of nonlinear linked ODEs. The equations framed in this manner have been resolved by using the bvp5c, the in-build MATLAB. Examination of magneto-hydrodynamic micropolar fluid on stagnation point flow is significant due to its uses in the production of plastic substances, polymer extrusion, lubricants, etc. The influence of the magnetic field, heat generation, microrotation, along with Hall and ion slip on the liquid flow is analyzed. Examination with prior published research papers is performed and the outcomes are compared with each other. Numerical simulations for shear stress coefficients, Sherwood and Nusselt numbers are provided in tabular form, and in addition, the variations in axial and microrotation velocities, temperature and solutal profiles are evaluated visually for various parameters in detail. The ion slip and slip velocity both slow down the shear rate, whereas the elevated values of the Hall and magnetic parameters show an opposite trend. The profile shows thinning of the bounding surface and offers its greatest magnitude in the case of a Newtonian liquid.
Lightweight and dual-peak H-pattern metamaterial absorber based on discontinuous dielectric media in the L-band range
Authors: Tang Yibo , He Longhui , Liu Anfeng , Chen Zhiquan , Wang Xiaojing , Xu Hui , Deng Lianwen
Published: August 2023

In view of the problem of heavy weight of the low-frequency band metamaterial absorber, the weight of the metamaterial absorber is mainly concentrated in the medium dielectric substrate. Different from the previous metamaterial absorbers based on continuous dielectric substrate, a new lightweight metamaterial absorber based on discontinuous dielectric medium is proposed and verified in the L-band (1–2[Formula: see text]GHz). Compared with metamaterial absorber based on the continuous dielectric substrate, the weight of the metamaterial absorber designed based on discontinuous media is reduced by 42.58%. The dual-peak reflection losses of −17.29[Formula: see text]dB and −15.99[Formula: see text]dB are obtained at 1.23[Formula: see text]GHz and 1.72[Formula: see text]GHz, respectively. Our work provides a new method for constructing light dual-peak metamaterial absorbers in the L-band.
Origin of non-universal percolation/scaling and universal non-Debye relaxation in PVDF/MWCNT polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Behera Sushil Kumar , Panda Maheswar , Pradhan Ranjan Kumar
Published: August 2023

Polymer Nanocomposites (PNC) comprising polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) were studied. The structural composition and thermal stability were confirmed from XRD and DSC/TGA data, respectively. The extent of distribution of MWCNT in the PNC increases and the clustering of MWCNT also increases with an increase in the volume fraction of MWCNT ([Formula: see text], as confirmed by FESEM. The PNC shows an insulator-to-metal transition (IMT), with both non-universal percolation threshold [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] and scaling exponents [Formula: see text], respectively, attributed to adhesiveness/cold pressing and the higher aspect ratio/conductivity of MWCNT. Modulus spectroscopy confirms a non-Debye type universal relaxation behavior [Formula: see text] only for the percolative sample due to Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars/interfacial polarization, while only dipolar relaxation was probed or the samples below [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text] with static effective dielectric constant [Formula: see text] and low tan [Formula: see text] may be suitable for charge storage applications.
A HYBRID FRACTIONAL-DERIVATIVE AND PERIDYNAMIC MODEL FOR WATER TRANSPORT IN UNSATURATED POROUS MEDIA
Authors: WANG YUANYUAN , SUN HONGGUANG , NI TAO , ZACCARIOTTO MIRCO , GALVANETTO UGO
Published: August 2023

Richards’ equation is a classical differential equation describing water transport in unsaturated porous media, in which the moisture content and the soil matrix depend on the spatial derivative of hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic potential. This paper proposes a nonlocal model and the peridynamic formulation replace the temporal and spatial derivative terms. Peridynamic formulation utilizes a spatial integration to describe the path-dependency, so the fast diffusion process of water transport in unsaturated porous media can be captured, while the Caputo derivative accurately describes the sub-diffusion phenomenon caused by the fractal nature of heterogeneous media. A one-dimensional water transport problem with a constant permeability coefficient is first addressed. Convergence studies on the nonlocal parameters are carried out. The excellent agreement between the numerical and analytical solutions validates the proposed model for its accuracy and parameter stability. Subsequently, the wetting process in two porous building materials is simulated. The comparison of the numerical results with experimental observations further demonstrates the capability of the proposed model in describing water transport phenomena in unsaturated porous media.
NOVEL APPROACHES TO FRACTIONAL KLEIN–GORDON–ZAKHAROV EQUATION
Authors: WANG KANG LE
Published: August 2023

The Klein–Gordon–Zakharov equation is an important and interesting model in physics. A fractional Klein–Gordon–Zakharov model is described by employing beta-derivative. Some new solitary wave solutions are acquired by utilizing the fractional rational [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] method and fractional [Formula: see text] method. Some 3D graphs are depicted to elaborate these new solitary wave solutions. The work is very helpful to study other related types of fractional evolution equations.
THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEMS ON DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION: A MESO LEVEL ANALYSIS
Authors: GUIMARÃES JAIANDRA DA SILVA , FERNANDES CRISTINA , VEIGA PEDRO MOTA , LOBO CARLA AZEVEDO
Published: August 2023

This work aims to study the impact of meso-level variables of entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) on digital transformation. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the research hypotheses, based on multiple linear regression, with a sample of 172 organisations. The results show that actors from the meso dimension of EEs positively impact digital transformation through knowledge, discoveries, guidance, co-opetition, co-creation and stimulation of technological search. The contributions of this study are in bringing a more refined perspective of the incentives of society actors to digital transformation, besides awakening to their importance in organisational processes and showing that associations for the satisfaction of own interests can culminate in common benefits.
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISE IN TUNISIA: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SOCIAL INNOVATION
Authors: HANA ABIDI , RIDHA BICHRI
Published: August 2023

The last two decades represented a scarce discussion of social capital and its effect on social enterprises’ organizational performance in developing economies like Tunisia. The main objective of this research is to analyze the effect of social capital on the organizational performance of social enterprises working in the context of developing economies. This research tested the mediating role of social innovation in the relationship between social capital and the economic and social performance of social enterprises. A sample of 120 social enterprises was subjected to both a correlational analysis and a regression analysis. The results confirmed that all the predictor constructs significantly elucidated the consequence constructs. Mediation analysis results also confirm that social innovation mediates the association between social capital and organizational performance. This study enriches the available theory by evaluating the mediating role of social innovation, thus making a significant contribution to the prevailing theory contextualizing the social enterprises of developing economies by emphasizing the relations among social capital, social innovation, and organizational performance. The present study encourages managers and policymakers of social enterprises to give their social capital growth major consideration and to consider it an essential aspect of strategic management.
IEEE-754 Precision-
p
base-β Arithmetic Implemented in Binary
Authors: Rump Siegfried M.
Published: August 2023

We show how an IEEE-754 conformant precision-
p
base-β arithmetic can be implemented based on some binary floating-point and/or integer arithmetic. This includes the four basic operations and square root subject to the five IEEE-754 rounding modes, namely the nearest roundings with roundTiesToEven and roundTiesToAway, the directed roundings downwards and upwards, as well as rounding towards zero. Exceptional values like ∞ of NaN are covered according to the IEEE-754 arithmetic standard.

The results of the precision-
p
base-β operations are computed using some underlying precision-
q
binary arithmetic. We distinguish two cases. When using a precision-
q
binary integer arithmetic, the base-β precision
p
is limited for all operations by β

2
p

≤ 2

q

, whereas using a precision-
q
binary floating-point arithmetic imposes stronger limits on the base-β precision, namely β

2
p

≤ 2

q

for addition and multiplication, β

2
p

≤ 2

q-1

for division and β

2
p

≤ 2

q
-3

for the square root. Those limitations cannot be improved.

The algorithms are implemented in a Matlab/Octave flbeta-toolbox with the choice of using
uint64
or
binary64
as underlying arithmetic. The former allows larger precisions, the latter is advantageous for the square root, whereas computing times are similar. The flbeta-toolbox offers precision-
p
base-β scalar, vector and matrix operations including sparse matrices as well as corresponding interval operations. The base β can be chosen in the range β ∊ [2,64]. The flbeta-toolbox will be part of Version 13 of INTLAB [
18
], the Matlab/Octave toolbox for reliable computing.
Adaptive Adversarial Logits Pairing
Authors: Wu Shangxi , Sang Jitao , Xu Kaiyan , Zheng Guanhua , Xu Changsheng
Published: August 2023

Adversarial examples provide an opportunity as well as impose a challenge for understanding image classification systems. Based on the analysis of the adversarial training solution—Adversarial Logits Pairing (ALP), we observed in this work that: (1) The inference of adversarially robust model tends to rely on fewer high-contribution features compared with vulnerable ones. (2) The training target of ALP does not fit well to a noticeable part of samples, where the logits pairing loss is overemphasized and obstructs minimizing the classification loss. Motivated by these observations, we design an Adaptive Adversarial Logits Pairing (AALP) solution by modifying the training process and training target of ALP. Specifically, AALP consists of an adaptive feature optimization module with Guided Dropout to systematically pursue fewer high-contribution features, and an adaptive sample weighting module by setting sample-specific training weights to balance between logits pairing loss and classification loss. The proposed AALP solution demonstrates superior defense performance on multiple datasets with extensive experiments.
Large Li-Ion Insertion Capacity of Thin-Wall Anatase TiO2 Nanotubes at 25 °C–55 °C
Authors: Latas Nemanja , Cvjetićanin Nikola
Published: August 2023

Anatase TiO2 was prepared in the form of nanotube arrays by anodic oxidation of Ti foil followed by annealing at 400 °C. Electrochemical experiments, which included cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic (GS) cycling and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were conducted in 1 M solution of LiClO4 in propylene carbonate (PC) at temperatures 25 °C–55 °C. CV experiments, at scan rates 5–50 mV·s−1, demonstrated with increasing temperature a large increase in the intensity of the redox peaks along with a decrease in the peak-to-peak separation. GS cycling showed large increase of capacity of thin-wall TiO2 nanotubes with increasing temperature, which attains 357 mAh·g−1 at 55 °C during lithiation at current rate 5.3 C, with capacity retention of 98.5% and Coulombic efficiency of 97.5%. Surface storage and development of secondary voltage plateau strongly contribute to such a large capacity value. EIS showed a multiple decrease in solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer resistance and charge transfer resistance with temperature rising up to 55 °C.
Perspective—New Perspectives from Classical Transition State Theory: The Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Metal Electrodes
Authors: Dadallagei Kasun S. R. , Parr IV Daniel L. , Coduto Joshua R. , Lazicki Andrew , DeBie Sidney , Haas Christian D. , Leddy Johna
Published: August 2023

New perspectives derive from classical transition state theory applied to hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). Trasatti found exchange current density j
0 increases exponentially with metal electrode work function Φ. The elementary electron transfer step

M
(
e
)
+

H

ads

+

⇄
M
(
0
)
+

H

ads

•

specifies the metal in the transition state and derives rate equations where metal specific physiochemical property Φ is explicit. Linearity of log j
0 with Φ is quantified. Φ raises j
0 because Φ lowers the activation energy for electrocatalysis. Rate expressions that embed material specific physiochemical properties provide opportunities for a priori electrocatalyst design and fundamental insights on electron transfer kinetics. New perspectives derive from revisit of established HER data with classical transition state theory.
Thick Architected Silicon Composite Battery Electrodes Using Honeycomb Patterned Carbon Nanotube Forests
Authors: Church Richard Bertram , Gao Haining , Gallant Betar M. , Hart A. John
Published: August 2023

To meet the growing performance demands for personal electronics and electric vehicles the energy density of lithium-ion batteries can be increased by incorporating thicker electrodes. We present thick “honeycomb” electrodes based on patterned, vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on Cu foils. Thick electrodes are created by Si deposition on >100 μm tall honeycomb patterned CNTs. Si-CNT electrodes are cycled in half-cells, demonstrating electronic connection between the Si and Cu foil via the aligned CNTs. For ~4.7 mAh cm−2 capacity the honeycomb patterning improves capacity retention (78%) over 30 cycles compared to non-patterned electrodes (58%). We attribute this improvement to the honeycomb’s ability to accommodate Si expansion, thereby reducing cracking that causes active material loss and solid electrolyte interphase instability, and to provide pathways for Li-ion transport into the electrode. The Si-CNT electrode capacity is further increased to 20 mAh cm−2 by increasing the Si loading. Finally, a fluoroethylene carbonate containing electrolyte is used to increase cell lifetime. Here, the honeycomb electrodes have a higher areal (~10.2 mAh cm−2) and retained (65%) capacity over 180 cycles, and exhibit superior rate performance to their non-patterned counterparts. Our work demonstrates the role of patterning in enabling aligned CNTs as a robust template for thick battery electrodes.