bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About the New Concept of National Security of Japan
Authors: Streltsov Dmitry V.
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes new moments in Japan's national security policy introduced by the documents which have been adopted by the Japanese cabinet in December 2022 — National Security Strategy, National Defense Program Guidelines and Medium Term Defense Program. The main attention is paid to the depiction of the external security environment, and above all to the assessment of China and Russia as the countries of greatest concern from the point of view of security policy. Noting that the documents do not use the term "threat" in China's assessment, the author concludes that Japan takes a more cautious position than the United States, trying not to be drawn into a confrontation between superpowers. As for Russia, the greatest alarmism is expressed not in relation to its policy as such, but in relation to its potential blocking with China on an anti—Japanese basis — the main "nightmare" for Tokyo.
The article considers the issue of the "counter-offensive" missile potential provided for by the new strategy, which would allow Japan to strike at the enemy from a remote distance in the event of a direct threat to its security. The acquisition of such a potential has become particularly relevant for Japan in connection with the development of missile technologies of neighboring "hostile" countries — the DPRK and the PRC, as well as the general progress of missile weapons in the world, including the hypersonic ones. As part of the new approach, it is planned to create an integrated air and missile defense system that combines the capabilities of intercepting enemy missiles and counterattacking on strategic and military enemy targets.
 
An important change in the security policy will also be the acute increase in defense spending declared by the documents under review. The biggest problem lies in the unresolved issue of the financial sources of the defense budget, which must ensure the implementation of the adopted strategy.
Caffeine content and acidity levels of some non-alcoholic water-based beverages sold in Banda zone, Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Onen Patrick , Kissa Joel , Odokonyero Isaac , Esangu Emmanuel , Opio Boniface , Asiimwe Athony , Odongo Tonny , Jogunomi Temilola Basirat , Okwir Augastine , Niringiyimana Eric
Published: June 2023

Background:The consumption of has gained attention due to its ability to promote acute benefits such as improved attention, cognitive performance, reduction of fatigue, increased wakefulness, and analgesia. However, the result of caffeine consumption is a concern, it is important to inform consumers about the caffeine content and acidity levels of all non-alcoholic water-based beverages.Methods:The samples were sonicated and subjected to analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet method and pH meter method for acidity content. Results: The highest concentration of caffeine was found in energy drink, ED; with 64.01±0.07 mg/L as compared to soft drinks, SD1; 20.20±0.02 mg/L, SD2; 23.14±0.08 mg/L, and SD3; 29.88±0.02 mg/L. All obtained concentrations were below the permissible levels for caffeine (200 mg/L) intake by the United States Food and Drug Administration. The study also showed that all the non-alcoholic beverages were acidic except bottled water in the sequence BW < ED < SD. The categorical range was bottled water; BW2; 8.01±0.03, BW1; 7.5±0.10, BW3; 7.5±0.11, BW4 6.85±1.38, and Energy drink; ED; 3.17±0.01, and finally, soft drinks; SD2; 2.82±0.02, SD1; 2.61±0.02, and SD3; 2.59±0.05. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study provide satisfactory information on the caffeine and acidity contents of the commonly consumed non-alcoholic water-based beverages in Banda, Kampala-Uganda. This in the future could pose serious health risks, since some individuals consume multiple servings of the drinks in a short time, which could result in intoxication/overdose.Keywords: caffeine, soft drinks, energy drinks, public health, Banda
Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) for English Teachers as an Effective Alternative Framework for Professional Development
Authors: Silberstein Liora , Hoter Elaine
Published: June 2023

The Professional Learning Community (PLC) has been adopted as an alternative model for professional development for English teachers in Israel since September 2016 and is supported by the English Inspectorate. This qualitative research, based on phenomenological methodology, evaluates how successful this model is for teachers in 2019/2020. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten lead teachers of PLCs and with six teacher participants, in addition to observations of both teacher PLCs and lead teacher sessions. The findings overwhelmingly support the PLC as an effective model of professional development for English teachers showing the need for and importance of a support system for teachers and a lead teacher from the field of English with specific qualities and ability to work with heterogeneous groups. Level of satisfaction was dependent on factors concerning the facilitating abilities of the lead teacher, the characteristics of the participants and their prior attitude to the PLC framework.
State, Islam, and Gender : Dynamics of Marital Rape Law in Indonesia
Authors: Pitrotussaadah Pitrotussaadah , Fadhilah Eva
Published: June 2023

Marital rape, which is an act of sexual violence in marriage, is often debated among the public because it is considered an act that is impossible to happen. There is debate about responding to acts of marital rape among the community, which is the background for writing this article in a review of positive law, Islamic law, and gender justice. The purpose of this research is to understand and analyze the dynamics of rape marital law in Indonesia according to positive law, Islamic law, and gender. Using a qualitative method with a normative legal approach, this paper describes and analyzes the laws, books, and articles related to this research. The results found from this study are that marital rape is included in the crime of sexual violence, although it is not explained in detail regarding the criminal sanctions for the perpetrators. This shows that Indonesia's positive law has not touched on marital rape in detail. Marital rape is not justified in Islamic law; this can be seen from the verses of the Quran, which emphasize a good relationship between husband and wife. Based on gender justice, it is the wife who becomes the victim of marital rape because the husband thinks that he is at a higher level, so the wife must obey her husband's orders because it is an obligation, while the husband ignores the wife's rights.
Light Intensity and Time of Day Influence Female Acheta Domesticus Phonotaxis
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Ahn John
Published: June 2023

Positive phonotaxis occurs when a female cricket walks toward the source of an auditory stimulus. This study tested the effects of light intensity and time of day on phonotaxis of female Acheta domesticus. First, females were tested at four times of day; second, under three light intensities; and third, under four combinations of light intensity and time of day. Our results show that these two factors combined exert a more pronounced effect on female A. domesticus selectivity than either factor individually, and subsequent research will test these factors against the current neuronal model for SP-selective phonotaxis.
Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys Imbricata Nesting Environment and Population Study in Cuero Y Salado Wildlife Refuge on the Coast of Northern Honduras
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Cunningham Ariana
Published: June 2023

This report outlines my contributions to ProTECTOR's Hawksbill turtle conservation project along the beachfront at Cuero y Salado Wildlife Refuge of Honduras. Observation-focused nightly beach patrols were conducted so as to census numbers of turtles nesting in this location presently and beach characteristic surveys were undertaken to create a map of environmental factors relevant to Hawksbill nesting along this beach. Resulting environmental maps were correlated with known factors contributing to Hawksbill nest site choice in order to assess the suitability of this beach for Hawksbill nesting, and thus determine its value for preservation efforts and ongoing funding. Of the 10 km beachfront under observation, 267 m were selected for more intensive nesting environment data analysis. This analysis included mapping the elevation, multiple vegetation, and pollution factors as multiple overlying map layers so as to identify most viable sites for turtle nesting via ArcGIS technology. It was found that while the beach was underpopulated (our nightly observations yielded a count of 0 nesting turtles), significant portions of the beachfront displayed both overlap of environmental conditions favorable to function as a Hawksbill nesting site and an absence of environmental conditions which are know to inhibit Hawksbill nesting. I found that certain portions of the beach displayed the most beneficial combination of environmental factors and are of highest value for preservation whereas other portions of the beach lacked positive environmental factors and thus are of much lower conservation value.
Spatial and Seasonal Signals in Stable Isotopes of Incisor Enamel from Free-ranging, Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrels
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Brassington Jacob
Published: June 2023

From early May through late September, 2012, we captured, tagged, and collected body masses from multiple, free-ranging thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) in southwestern Michigan, with 14 individuals recaptured 1 or more times through the season. Beginning in mid-June, we captured and euthanized 12 or these individuals (on average, about 1 per week) to allow study of their lower incisors. We serially micro-sampled enamel along squirrel incisors using laser ablation and determined stable isotope ratios (d13 and d18 O) with gas chromatography-isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS). The resulting values fell into two spatial groups. Specimens collected within 25 m of a cornfield displayed more positive d13 C values consisted with a C4 plant-rich diet (corn is a C4 plant) and appeared to show a seasonal peak in C4 use (higher d13 C values) late in the season. In contrast, specimens collected in isolated fields separated by buildings and pavement from the cornfiled exhibited more negative values of d13 C consistent with a C3-plants diet. d18 O values did not show distinct spatial grouping and were difficult to interpret. Although a cornfield is an artificial ecosystem, the difference in fractionation between C3 and C4 diet displayed in the stable carbon isotope profiles demonstrate the sensitivity of isotopic analyses of small teeth for elucidating small-scale geographic variation in food availability. Further use of this technique may provide additional evidence for fine-scale spatial and seasonal variation of modern diet and provide a model for further investigation of paleoseasonality using fossil rodent incisors.
Understanding Expressive Writing
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Dever Lindsay
Published: June 2023

Expressing trauma, specifically through expressive writing, leads to better health, both physically and psychologically. Specifically, the relationship between expressive writing and higher rates of affective (emotional) word use can be explained by reappraisal, a technique that reduces stress through better understanding. Reappraisal is thus related to resilience, and both are correlated with secure attachment. Secure attachment, in turn, is best folstered by authoritative parenting. Because of this research we predicted that there would be a positive relationship between resilience, language use, and authoritative parenting. In this study, 100 college-aged participants reported perceived parenting style and resilience. We randomly assigned participants to experimental and control groups, participants in the control group were asked to type a detailed account of their day, while the experimental group was prompted to type about a traumatic experience. Participants' responses were then saved, formatted, and analyzed using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) computer software program. We did not find t he hypothesized positive relationship between authoritative parenting, resilience, and emotional language, raising questions about the mechanisms by which expressive writing facilitates well-being.
The Relationship Between Student Motivation, Resilience, and Parental Environment
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Iller Eliana
Published: June 2023

Does parental environment influence the relationship between resilience and student motivation for university students? The goal of this research is to better understand how student motivation and resilience are related to parental environment, distinguishing between parental involvement and parental conflict. Data was taken from 235 Andrews University students via online survey. The hypotheses were partially supported that parental conflict would be positively correlated to motivation and resilience while parental conflict was negatively correlated. The strongest correlation was found between resilience and identified academic motivation. Mediation analyses showed small to moderated effect sizes of parental conflict and parental involvement on this relationship.
The Diversity of Color: an Analysis of Cross-cultural Color Symbolism
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Bradfield Erica
Published: June 2023

Does a person's perception of color symbolism depend on their cultural geographic origin? As color is often connected to different cultural elements, this study is intended as a contribution to advancing cross-cultural understanding in a globalizing world. The hypothesis states that the color perceived to be symbolic of various life events such as weddings, births, and deaths as well as emotions such s happiness or sadness, will vary based on a person's cultural geographic origin. Using eleven basic color terms as determined by Berlin and Kay (196), subjects' perceptions of color symbolism was explored through responses to an online survey shared with a global convenicence sample. The findins have shown a dependence on the construct to which color symbolism is being attributed. Data was found to both support and refute this hypothesis. In the constructs of contempt, disgust, happiness, birth and wealth, the hypothesis was supported while it was refuted through the data collected for anger, sadness, fear, surprise, death, weddings, divorce, poverty, work education.
Factors Affecting Phonotaxis in Male House Crickets, Acheta domesticus
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Thordarson Erik
Published: June 2023

This research addresses some of the possible factors that affect male Acheta domesticus phonotactic responses to calls of males of the same species. The study examines cricket age and social interaction with females as possible factors affecting this behavior. Through Friedman rank test analysis, the study attempts to demonstrate a link between these factors and the responsiveness of the male crickets in the study. As the crickets aged, they responded to a wider ranges of syllable periods, which may imply that they follow a similar pattern of decreasing selectivity in their response with age as their female counterparts. A Friedman's rank test was done on the data to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference within any of the syllable period as the crickets aged. This test showed slight significance in the syllable periods 50ms and 90 ms. Socializaion with females had minimal effects on male phonotactic behavior.
Roles of Composite Materials for the Application of Lightweight Automotive Body Parts and their Environmental Effect : Review
Authors: Melese Shiferaw  , Dr Asmamaw Tegegne  , Dr. Assefa Asmare
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this overview is to discover materials commonly used in the automotive industry and provide an overview of optimized composites to reduce weight, cost, fuel consumption ,and CO2 emissions. The cost of carbon fiber, Al, and Mg lightweight composites is much higher than conventional materials. It is therefore important for research and development in the areas of reducing costs, improving recyclability, enabling integration ,and maximizing vehicle fuel efficiency. To meet these characteristics, natural fibers have better properties and, in addition to being environmentally friendly, will become the material of choice for the future automotive industry. Natural fibers Composites can reduce weight by 10-60%. Researchers are already working with bio composites, investigating not only the economic aspects but also the properties and associated manufacturing processes for environmentally friendly transportation and CO2 reduction.
Dynamic Analysis of Common Rail Injection System for Diesel Engine based on AMESim/Simulink Co-Simulation
Authors: Ryongsik O  , Yonguk Ri  , Jiangwei Chu  , Choluk Ri  , Hong Li  , Yongchol Kim  , SunGol Ryu  , Myongsu Sim  , Cholsong Hwang  , Kwangbok Kim
Published: June 2023

In common rail diesel engine, the characteristics of fuel injection is concerned both the structure parameters of injector and control strategy of control system (ECU). Thus, fuel injection system, engine performance system and ECU constitute an interactive feedback system. In this paper, first of all, using the AMESim/Simulink co-model for the common rail diesel engine prepared in the previous work, simulation and verification are performed in the AMESim/Simulink co-model based on the initial values of the diesel engine used in the case. Then it is done Simulation and Validation on the AMESim/Simulink co-mode. The engine dynamometer and injection rate test rig makes it possible to take measurements of the engine performance and injection rate in order to compare with the modelling results. This allows the obtained co-model to be validated. Validated model is very effective in describing and analyzing the transient behavior connections among injectors, high-pressure pump, and controller and engine parameters. This co-model was then used to analyze the effects of various structural parameters of injector on the response characteristics of the fuel injection system and engine operation.
Simulator to Demonstrate Three States of Polarized Light Wave in 3D Form
Authors: Adnya Arun Shirgaonkar  , Dr. Vivek Vasant Bhide
Published: June 2023

This work is about designing and developing the python based 3D simulator or application which demonstrates the three states of polarized light wave – linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light and elliptically polarized light. There are so many ways to obtain the linearly polarized light, but circularly polarized light and elliptically polarized light can be obtained by superposition of two linearly polarized light waves, which are polarized in mutually perpendicular planes, travelling along same direction and having some phase difference between them. The same method can also be used to obtain linearly polarized light. So, here the simulator is so designed that, it will ask user to enter amplitudes of two linearly polarized light waves which are to be superimposed and phase difference between these two waves and depending on these values, simulator will simulate the resultant state of polarized light in 3D form.
PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PESANAN DALAM PENETAPAN HARGA JUAL PRODUK EKSPOR PT LOCATANI AGRO INDONESIA
Authors: Sari Novita , Vidyasari Rahmanita , Listiawati Rodiana
Published: June 2023

Banyak perusahaan mengalami kekeliruan dalam penetapan harga jual produksi. Penetapan harga jual terlalu tinggi dapat mengakibatkan keadaan yang tidak menguntungkan bagi perusahaan. Sebaliknya jika harga jual terlalu rendah akan mengakibatkan laba yang diperoleh perusahaan rendah pula, bahkan mengalami kerugiaan, sehingga membutuhkan perhitungan harga pokok penjualan yang tepat. PT Locatani Agro Indonesia yang merupakan salah satu UMK yang memproduksi berbagai hasil olahan umbi yang mengambil hasil pertanian langsung dari petani umbi. Perusahaan ini masih menerapkan sistem tradisional dalam penentuan biaya pokok produknya, ditambah pula rencana untuk mengekspansi penjualan produk-produk mereka ke luar negri yang pastinya memiliki lebih banyak komponen biaya-biaya yang harus masuk dalam perhitungan biaya produksi. Melihat permasalahan tersebut maka tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan perhitungan harga pokok produksi untuk menetapkan harga jual ekspor produk PT Locatani. Agar perhitungan biaya langsung akurat,dibutuhkan salah satu metode untuk menghitungnya, yaitu metode harga pokok pesanan (Job Order Costing). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode kualitatif deskriptif yang menganalisis dan mendiskripsikan biaya-biaya yang muncul dalam penjualan produk ekspor serta mendeskripsikan perhitungan harga pokok penjualan menggunakan metode harga pokok pesanan (job order costing) sebagai penentu harga jual produk ekspor. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa dengan menetapkan metode harga pokok pesanan sebagai dasar dalam perhitungan harga pokok untuk produk eskpor dapat membantu PT Locatani Agro Indonesia menetapkan harga jual ekspornya. Luaran dari penelitian ini adalah Harga pokok produk ekspor PT Locatani Agro Indonesia dengan metode job order costing.

Kata Kunci: harga pokok produksi (HPP), harga pokok pesanan (job order costing), produk ekspor
ANALISIS FAKTOR DETERMINASI INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Ani Septriani
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh belanja fungsi kesehatan, belanja fungsi pendidikan, pengangguran, dan pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia pada kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Bengkulu. Adapun jenis data dan alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data panel dan analisi regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan hasil regresi data panel, diperoleh  fixed effect model sebagai model terbaik. Adapun hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji t diperoleh hasil bahwa secara parsial belanja fungsi kesehatan dan pengangguran memiliki pengaruh  positif terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia pada α=5%, sedangkan belanja fungsi pendidikan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh  negatif dan signifikan terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia pada α=5%. Sementara berdasarkan uji F diperoleh hasil bahwa secara simultan belanja fungsi kesehatan, belanja fungsi pendidikan, pengangguran dan pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh  positif terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia pada α=5% dengan hasil nilai R-square sebesar 0.9927 atau sebesar 99,27 persen.

Kata kunci: Indeks Pembangunan Manusia; Belanja Fungsi Kesehatan; Belanja Fungsi Pendidikan; Pengangguran; Pertumbuhan Ekonomi.
Layout Design of a Sample Rate Converter for an LTE Receiver
Authors: Alhafi Mhd Ghith
Published: June 2023

In the world of complicated electronics, digital synthesis with an integrated application of a complex chip design is usually bundled into large EDA software systems like Cadence or Synopsys. As commercial electronics designers need to maintain cutting edge performance quality, these huge commercial toolchains get more and more expensive, and have largely priced themselves out of all but the established integrated circuit creators. This leaves a huge gap where Startup companies and small businesses owners cannot afford to work on any sort of integrated circuit design. The digital synthesis algorithms are all tied up in closed source software tools, and development process is driven by several EDA software makers.

ASIC Design Flow requires many EDA tools and industry uses some of the advanced EDA tools. For expanding your knowledge on these tools and the design flow opensource EDA tools can be used and applied to your design.

We selected an already exist sample rate converter circuit in MATLAB Simulink environment to feed our free VLSI system tool called Qflow tools that works in Linux operating system.
Quantification of the degree of preference for different tissue products based on a hand-felt tissue test panel
Authors: GWO CHAO-BEN , TENG TSER-YING , CHANG CHING-HO , CHEN SHIH-SHENG , PERNG YUAN-SHING
Published: June 2023

In this study, we successfully established a quantification model to determine the preference (PF) for different tissue products based on the results of a hand-felt tissue testing panel. The panel ascertained that products designed with four-ply tissues provided higher total tensile strength (TTS) and hand-felt surface softness (HSS) than did those of the three-ply, two-ply, and single-ply products.
When practically tested with a tissue softness analyzer (TSA), the four-ply tissue product had a softness (TSA-HF) advantage; however, in human panel tests, more than half of the participants could not be sure of the hand-felt bulk softness (HBS) of the four-ply tissue product. This was mainly because when using the four-ply tissue, the hand-held test pad gave an overall perception distinctly different from those of the hand-held two- or three-ply products, which also differed from the flattened state of test pieces used in the instrumental softness tests. Users could distinctly feel that a product was safer (better TTS) and more comfortable (higher hand-held surface softness). Thus, the four-ply tissue product was accorded a higher preference.
Research on flame-retardant paper prepared by the method of in-pulp addition of ammonium polyphosphate
Authors: LI YAO , LIU KEXIN , ZHOU GUISHENG , MENG YU , HUANG SHANCONG , PAN RUIDONG , XIA XINXING
Published: June 2023

At present, the production of flame-retardant paper usually uses the impregnation method of phos-phorus-nitrogen flame retardants in paper. There are few reports on the application of an in-pulp addition method. In this paper, the solubility of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and its effect on flame-retardant paper were investigated for use in an in-pulp addition method. It was found that APP particles were square, with an average particle size of 21.88 μm. The particle size decreased significantly after immersion in water at 25°C for 24 h. Furthermore, most of the APPs were dissolved after immersion in water at 90°C for 0.5 h, and the residuals agglomerated and their shape turned into an amorphous form. The APP possessed strong electronegativity and could partially ionize in water. The solubility of APP was 0.18 g/100 mL water at 25°C and increased quickly when the temperature was higher than 30°C. Therefore, APP should be added to the pulp at temperatures below 30°C. The tensile strength of the paper initially increased with the addition of APP, and it reached the maximum value when the APP content was 10% and then gradually decreased. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of the paper was 28.7% when the added amount of APP was 30% and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) was 0.08%, reaching the flame-retardant level.
Dissolution of wood components during hot water extraction of spruce
Authors: WOJTASZ-MUCHA JOANNA , HASANI MERIMA , THELIANDER HANS
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the autohydrolysis of softwood, which is the main chemical operation in both hot water extraction and steam explosion. Control of the process and monitoring its course were ensured by the careful choice of experimental setup and conditions: a milled spruce material was extracted in a small flow-through reactor to minimize degradation of the dissolved material and to enable analysis of the resulting liquors extracted at selected time points. The obtained liquid and solid fractions were analyzed for sugar composition and acetic acid concentration. The results showed that partially degraded hemicelluloses were extracted; hemicelluloses side chains were cleaved off and detected as monomers, while deacetylation was limited. Chain scissions of cellulose were observed as a result of autohydrolysis.
Translating the Translated: An Intertextual Approach in Subtitling Ernest Hemingway’s Adaptation of To Have and Have Not to Nakhoda Khorshid
Authors: Kenevisi Mohammad Sadegh , Mobaraki Mahmoud
Published: June 2023

Literary texts have been regularly adapted into the motion picture since the invention of talkies. Accordingly, the relationship between the original literature, the adapted movie and its translation for international audiences, mainly in the form of subtitling, have become an attractive and growing source of study. This intertextuality is argued to influence the perception and evaluation of the vulnerable subtitle by the viewers. Therefore, adopting an intertextual approach to the subtitling of dialogue in the Iranian film Captain Khorshid, the present study aims at discussing the extent to which the subtitle corresponds to the audiences’ expectations. For this purpose, Ernest Hemingway’s To Have and Have Not and the adapted film Captain Khorshid, directed by Naser Taghva’i, are analysed. Farahzad’s (2009) model of intertextuality and Sanatifar and Kenevisi’s (2017) reformulated model of Grice are employed as the models for analysing, establishing and assessing the relationship between the texts. After discussing the relationship between the literary text and the adapted movie within the theory of intertextuality, the English subtitle of the Persian soundtrack is discussed by comparing it with the original English quote. This intertextual relationship is maintained to be mainly the source of comparison between the literature, i.e. protext, and the adaptation film, i.e. metatext, by the audience of the film as well. In other words, when the film is subtitled back into the language of the original literary work, the protext and the metatext meet, and a reunion occurs. Therefore, it is concluded that the more the subtitle corresponds to the original literary text, the more it is evaluated by the audience to be accurate.
Multilingual Communication in WhatsApp Interactions: Empirical Analysis in Burundian Context
Authors: NDABIHONGE Alexis
Published: June 2023

This article on "multilingual communication in interactions by whatsApp" will try to present and describe the mechanisms of code switching in the whatsApp messages of multilingual individuals in a Burundian context. We try to show the nature of these messages mediated by smartphones and their functions. After analysis, we discovered a special case. Generally, there are hybridizations by partial confixation, that is to say, in cases where an allogeneic prefix or suffix is ​​joined to an autonomous indigenous lexical unit. In the case of Kirundi and French, it is quite the opposite because it is the indigenous prefixes and suffixes that are attached to the foreign lexical units.
The Analysis of Parenting Styles and Language Anxiety based on the Iceberg Metaphor: Focusing on Chinese EFL learners in Four Guangdong Universities
Authors: Li Jingyi
Published: June 2023

Many Chinese undergraduate students report feeling anxious in college, particularly in English classes. Parenting styles make a profound impact on students’ learning behaviors and emotions due to many factors. Thus, the current study is about to what extent could parenting styles predict foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA). The participants were 247 college students whose native language was Chinese. The FLCA levels among Chinese undergraduate students were moderately high, and there was no discernible difference in anxiety levels between males and girls. Parents of participants with varying levels of education did not show preferences for parenting styles. The results of the multiple regression model pointed out that parenting styles were significantly and positively correlated with linguistic anxiety in the classroom. According to the findings, warmth and monitoring, both have a positive and significant correlation to FLCA, and students who experienced rejecting-neglecting parenting were less likely to develop FLCA than children who experienced authoritative, authoritarian, or permissive parenting. Three monitoring measures were the next best predictors of FLCA after the acceptance variable of warmth variables. The Iceberg Metaphor indicates that the students’ yearning for acceptance led to their expectation that they would only be accepted if they were perfect, which in turn exposed the students’ sentiments of anxiety and their emotions in class. Future research should validate these findings and investigate the causes underlying students’ language anxiety.
Risk Factors Typhoid Fever Incidence at Lau Health Center, Lau District, Maros Regency in 2021
Authors: Rosdiana Rosdiana , Idrus Hasta Handayani , Syahruddin Febie Irsandy , Yanti Andi Kartini Eka , Arifin Arina Fathiyyah
Published: June 2023

Background: Typhoid fever is disease caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi  genus Salmonella. Until now, disease fever typhoid still is problem health in tropical countries including Indonesia. Knowing risk factor incident fever Typhoid at the Lau Public Health Center, Lau district, Maros regency in 2021

Method: Research type analytic observational with case control design. The data analysis technique uses the chi-square statistical test.

Results: Typhoid Fever mostly found in the age 11-19 years as many as 21 people ( P-value 0.049), gender obtained that the most in men as many as 22 people ( P-value 0.014), level primary school education is obtained as many as 14 people ( P-value 0.07), habit wash hand before eat less good obtained as many as 17 people ( P-value 0.044), habit wash hand after less CHAPTER good obtained as many as 19 people ( P-value 0.013), habit eat / snack outside house obtained as many as 23 people ( P-value 0.026), habit wash ingredients food less raw good obtained as many as 18 people ( P-value 0.046) and sanitation less environment good obtained as many as 25 people P-value 0.041) .

Conclusion: Based on results study concluded that on the variable age , gender , education , habits wash hand before eat , habit wash hand after defecation, habit eat / snack outside home , custom wash ingredients food raw and sanitary environment own connection with factor risk incident fever typhoid in the health center lau districts lau districts maros year 2021.
Kalibrasi Koefisien Debit Model Bukaan Pintu Sorong Pada Saluran Terbuka (Uji Laboratorium)
Authors: Rizaldy Achmad , Musa Ratna , Mallombasi Ali
Published: June 2023

Pengukuran debit pada suatu bangunan pengambilan air sangat diperlukan ketepatannya karena sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil yang ingin dicapai dalam pemakaian air. Salah satu pintu pengukur debit seperti disebutkan diatas adalah pintu. Bangunan pengatur debit ini sering digunakan oleh karena kemudahan perencanaan dan pengoperasian. Dengan demikian variasi bukaan pintu akan mempengaruhi debit aliran dan profil muka air di bagian hilir. Metode penelitian adalah metode eksperimental di laboratorium. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan simulasi dengan tiga kondisi tinggi bukaan pintu sorong. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan koefisien Cd dari hasil pengujian di laboratorium ditemukan persamaan Pintu 1 Cd = 0.1155 yg/yo + 0.6507 dan Pintu 2 Cd = 0.115 yg/yo + 0.6469 pada Kondisi pertama tinggi pintu 1 dan 2 sama, pada kondisi kedua tinggi pintu 1 dan 2 tidak sama ditemukan persamaan Pintu 1 Cd = 0.2352 yg/yo + 0.6409 dan Pintu 2 Cd =0.6049 yg/yo + 0.9947, serta pada kondisi ketiga dengan satu pintu ditemukan persamaan Cd = 0.3204 yg/yo + 0.7879. Nilai hasil percobaan Cd dengan 3 kondisi tersebut semua mendekati dengan nilai Cd dari persamaan peneliti terdahulu. Persamaan hasil percobaan yang paling mendekati adalah persamaan pada kondisi 1 pada pintu 1 dengan persamaan Garbrecht dengan selisih terbesar 0.003.
Analisis Faktor yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Tingkat Pemilikan Kendaraan Bermotor Sebagai Dampak Kemacetan di Kota Makassar
Authors: Shalihah Fithrah Fadhiba , Said Lambang Basri , Syafei Ilham
Published: June 2023

Kemacetan hampir terjadi pada kota-kota besar di Indonesia, Kota Makassar adalah salah satunya. Banyak masyarakat beranggapan bahwa kemacetan disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya karena kredit kendaraan yang terlalu mudah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh nilai uang muka, daya tarik promosi, ekonomi masyarakat, sosial masyarakat, budaya masyarakat, dukungan dan regulasi kredit kepemilikan kendaraan terhadap kemacetan di Kota Makassar. Metode penelitian analisis deskriptif kualitatif melibatkan 7 variabel antara lain nilai uang muka, promosi penjualan, sosial masyarakat, ekonomi masyarakat, budaya masyarakat dukungan dan regulasi. Penelitian ini berlokasi di wilayah kota Makassar. Hasil yang dicapai dari penelitian secara kualitatif ini, ya community culture itu nilai variabel Uang Muka dengan koefisien sebesar 0,137 atau 13,7%, Promosi Penjualan dengan koefisien sebesar 0,159 atau 15,9%, Sosial Masyarakat dengan koefisien sebesar 0,144 atau 14,4%, Ekonomi Masyarakat dengan koefisien sebesar 0,151 atau 15,1%, Budaya masyarakat dengan koefisien sebesar 0,119 atau 11,9%, Faktor Dukungan sebesar 0,145 atau 14,5% dan Regulasi dengan koefisien sebesar 0,132 atau 13,2%.
Analisis Pengaruh Karakter, Regulasi dan Jaringan Jalan Terhadap Tingkat Kemacetan Pada Ruas Jalan Nasional (Kasus Ruas Jalan Maros- Pangkep di Kabupaten Pangkep)
Authors: Herman  , Said Lambang Basri , Syarkawi Mukhtar Thahir
Published: June 2023

Permasalahan transportasi yang terjadi di wilayah perkotaan Kabupaten Pangkep merambah kepada aspek pendapatan yang rendah dan terbatasnya sumber daya berkaitan dengan transportasi. Sistem transportasi dikatakan baik jika perjalanan cukup cepat, aman, tidak macet, dan bebas dari kemungkinan kecelakaan. Tujuan penelitian, yaitu menganalisis pengaruh karakter, motivasi, perilaku dan sosial pengendara, regulasi/aturan berlalu lintas kondisi jaringan jalan terhadap kemacetan di Kota Pangkep. Metode penelitian merupakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif yang melibatkan 150 sampel sebagai responden dengan menggunakan instrument Kuisioner. Dari hasil penelitian secara Kualitatif diperoleh model hubungan antara variabel Y dan X adalah Y= 1,111 + 0,189X1 + 0,096X2 + 0,159X3 + 0,151X4 + 0,203X5 + 0,311X6 bahwa Variabel Motivasi (X1) sebesar 18,9%, Variabel Karakter (X2) sebesar 9,6 %, Variabel Perilaku (X3) sebesar 15,9%, Variabel Regulasi (X4) sebesar 15,1%, Variabel Sosial Masyarakat (X5) sebesar 20,3%, dan Variabel Jaringan Jalan (X6) sebesar 31,1%, artinya bahwa variabel jaringan jalan dan Sosial Masyarakat paling berpengaruh terhadap kemacetan di Kota Pangkep.
Analisis Kualitas Layanan Lanside Terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna Jasa pada Bandar Udara Internasional Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar
Authors: Mansyur Titien Putri , Said Lambang Basri , Syafei Ilham
Published: June 2023

Dinamika persaingan maskapai penerbangan menuntut kesiapan bandar udara untuk merespon persaingan dengan melakukan pelayanan yang dapat menampung baik pesawat cargo maupun penumpang yang keluar masuk di bandara Internasional Sultan Hasanuddin.  Hal ini dapat dibuktikan adanya kencederungan penambahan jumlah maskapai penerbangan yang masuk dan keluar dari dan dari Bandar Udara Internasional Sultan Hasanuddin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis Kualitas Layanan pada daerah landside Bandara terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna jasa pada Bandar Udara Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar. Berdasar pada teori tingkat Kepuasan Pelayanan, mencakup 6 variabel bebas (X). Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan statistik dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif melalui software Reeresi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh model regeresi yang diperoleh berdasar pada hasil analisis, yaitu: Y = 0,435+ 0,188X1 + 0,180X2 + 0,185X3+ 0,175X4 + 0,126X5+ 0,159X6 dan (R2 = 0,992 atau 99,2%.). Dalam persamaan tersebut terlihat bahwa faktor-faktor yang paling mempengaruhi adalah Karakter Pekerja (X1, X2, X3). Adapun nilai R2= 0,992 menandakan bahwa variabel-variabel tersebut memiliki pengaruh sebesar 99,2% terhadap tingkat kepuasan pelayanan Bandar Udara Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar.
Analisis Komparasi Layanan Angkutan Online dan Konvensional Terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna Jasa di Kota Makassar
Authors: Hamzah  , Said Lambang Basri , Syafei Ilham
Published: June 2023

Pertumbuhan bisnis transportasi darat berbasis online di Indonesia khususnya Kota Makassar cukup cepat, ditandai dengan bermunculannya para pelaku bisnis transportasi atau perusahaan sejenis seperti Gojek, Grab, dan Maxim sehingga terjadi persaingan antara transportasi online dan konvensional. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis komparasi aspek efektifitas, efisiensi, tarif/biaya, pelayanan dan keamanan angkutan online dengan konvensional terhadap kepuasan pengguna jasa/penumpang di Kota Makassar. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda dengan Aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien variabel efektifitas sebesar 0,195 atau 19,5%, Efisiensi sebesar 0,214 atau 21,4%, tarif/biaya sebesar 0,237 atau 23,7%, pelayanan sebesar 0,183 atau 18,3%, dan keamanan sebesar 0,196 atau 19,6% untuk Angkutan Umum Konvensional, sedangkan nilai koefisien variabel efektifitas sebesar 0,185 atau 18,5%, Efisiensi sebesar 0,236 atau 23,6%, tarif/biaya sebesar 0,191 atau 19,1%, pelayanan sebesar 0,085 atau 8,5%, dan keamanan sebesar 0,292 atau 29,2% untuk Angkutan Umum Online.
Analisis Kerusakan Jalan dan Cara Penanggulangannya
Authors: Marsyanda Andi Ulfa , Januar Ilham Yuna Dwi , Said Lambang Basri , Idrus Yasnawi , Alkam Rani Bastari
Published: June 2023

Ruas jalan Makassar-Maros memiliki volume lalu lintas yang tinggi sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas transportasi dan kinerja ruas jalan yang dinyatakan sebagai tingkat pelayanan. Kondisi kerusakan pada suatu ruas jalan perlu dianalisis untuk mengetahui besaran kerusakan yang terjadi dan tindakan penanganan yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kerusakan pada Jalan Poros Makassar-Maros dan menentukan cara menanggulangi kerusakan tersebut berdasarkan angka urutan prioritas jalan menurut metode Bina Marga. Observasi secara langsung dan tidak langsung dilakukan pada segmen jalan Poros Makassar-Maros km 23-25 sesuai dengan tahapan dan instrumen metode Bina Marga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai persentase dari masing-masing jenis kerusakan ruas jalan poros Makassar-Maros yaitu: patch (60,5%), retakan kulit buaya (23,8%), retakan halus/ rambut (7,5%), pelepasan butir (4,2%), retak refleksi (2,9%), lubang (0,6%), dan retakan tepi (0,5%). Selanjutnya diperoleh volume lalu lintas harian sebesar 20.528 smp/jam. Angka urutan prioritas sebesar 8,815, maka menurut nilai prioritas pada metode Bina Marga, ruas jalan poros Makassar-Maros pada segmen yang ditunjau termasuk dalam program pemeliharaan rutin.
Efektivitas Pengoperasian Bendungan dalam Pengendalian Banjir
Authors: Nasaruddin Nasaruddin , Musa Ratna , Ashad Hanafi
Published: June 2023

Waduk sebagai pengendali banjir merupakan bangunan yang memiliki fungsi sebagai menahan air banjir di dalam tampungan dan mengalirkannya sesuai dengan kapasitas sungai. Banjir yang tidak dapat ditampung pada waduk akan dilepaskan oleh suatu bagian dari waduk yaitu sistem spillway. Salah satu fungsi utama Waduk Bili-Bili adalah sebagai pengendali banjir, mulai tanggal 19 Januari 2019 sampai kejadian banjir tersebut telah dilaksanakan operasi pengendalian banjir di bendungan Bili-Bili dengan operasi pembukaan pintu spillway sesuai dengan SOP dan pola operasi waduk bendungan Bili-Bili, tetapi hal tersebut oleh sebagian masyarakat justru dianggap sebagai penyebab terjadinya banjir di bagian hilir bendungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kapasitas pintu pelimpah waduk Bili-Bili berdasarkan debit aktual yang masuk ke waduk, akibat adanya perubahan volume tampungan di waduk Bili-Bili dan untuk mengevaluasi pola operasi waduk Bili-Bili. Adapun data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data sekunder dan primer. Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas pelimpah Bendungan Bili-Bili masih memenuhi ketentuan yang disyaratkan dan efektif sebagai pengendalian banjir.
Analisis Sifat Mekanis dan Fisis Bambu Menggunakan Metode Destruktif
Authors: Junaid Annisa , Irawati Inggar Septhia , Awaludin Ali
Published: June 2023

Peluang bambu sebagai bahan material yang bisa menjadi alternatif pengganti kayu karena mudah ditanam dan tidak memerlukan pemeliharaan secara khusus. Bambu dengan kualitas baik dapat diperoleh pada umur 3-5 tahun. Dengan sifat ini bambu dapat berperan dalam menjaga kestabilan lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisis dan mekanis pada bambu. Pengujian dilakukan pada Bambu Petung (Dendrocalamus asper), Bambu Wulung (Gigantochloa atroviolacea), dan Bambu Apus (Giganthochloa apus), masing-masing sebanyak 12 batang yang dipilih acak di toko bambu. Pengujian lentur bambu (destruktif) dilakukan dengan menggunakan Universal Testing Machine (UTM) untuk memperoleh nilai modulus elastisitas (MOE) dan modulus patah (MOR) bambu. Hasil yang diperoleh, modulus elastisitas (MOE) rata-rata dan kuat lentur patah (MOR) rata-rata seluruh bambu berturut-turut 17009 MPa dan 77 MPa. Hubungan modulus elastisitas statis (MOE) dan kuat lentur patah (MOR) menunjukkan korelasi yang baik, yaitu sebesar 0,6228. Sehingga nilai MOE dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi nilai MOR suatu bambu. Hasil kadar air diperoleh yaitu rata-rata 13,68%. Sedangkan berat jenis bambu rata-rata 656,03 kg/m3. Pada bambu jenis petung, kadar air lebih banyak dibanding bambu jenis apus dan wulung.
Analisis Pengaruh Perilaku, Kepatuhan, Ketegasan, Kebijakan dan Keberadaan Rambu Terhadap Kemacetan
Authors: Supriadi Andi , Said Lambang Basri , Syarkawi Mukhtar Thahir
Published: June 2023

Salah satu wilayah yang sering mengalami kemacetan di Kota Makassar adalah Jalan Pajjaiang dengan indikasi terjadinya perlambatan arus lalu lintas terutama di sekitar kawasan GOR Sudiang khususnya pada hari libur atau saat ada kegiatan besar yang diselenggarakan di kawasan GOR Sudiang. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data Variabel penelitian (X) terhadap Kemacetan di GOR Sudiang (Y), nilai Perilaku Pengendara (X1) sebesar 0,180 atau 18,0%, variabel Kepatuhan Pengendara (X2) sebesar 0,245 atau 24,5%, variabel Kebijakan Institusi (X3) sebesar 0,198 atau 19,8%, variabel Ketegasan Petugas (X4) sebesar 0,179 atau 17,9%, variabel Keberadaan Rambu Marka (X5) sebesar 0,101 atau 10,1%, variabel Keberadaan Fasilitas Eksternal (X6) sebesar 0,081 atau 8,1%. Penerapan atau implementasi kaitannya sebagai solusi alternatif mengatasi kemacetan lalulintas dilakukan dengan melihat hasil analisis bahwa variabel yang memiliki koefisien yang tinggi dapat diberi dukungan kebijakan sehingga nilai koefisiennya menjadi lebih kecil. Dalam hal ini koefisien terbesar antara lain Kepatuhan Pengendara, Perilaku Pengendara dan Kebijakan Institusi. Hal ini menunjukkan aspek masarakat dan aspek regulasi yang cukup memberikan pengaruh terhadap kemacetan di jalan Pajjaiang di Kawasan GOR Sudiang Kota Makassar.
Penerapan Critical Path Method di Perumahan Gunung Empat Balikpapan
Authors: Rio Wahyu Yusuf , Herawati Eti
Published: June 2023

Penjadwalan waktu adalah masalah penting yang mempengaruhi apakah proyek konstruksi tersebut berhasil atau tidak. Menerapkan manajemen proyek dan pelaksanaan proyek yang efektif akan menurunkan atau dapat mengurangi kemungkinan proyek mengalami penundaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode Critical Path Method (CPM) untuk menemukan durasi ideal dan aktivitas jalur kritis. Teknik penjadwalan yang disebut CPM, digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan pekerjaan yang termasuk dalam jalur kritis adalah A-E-F-G-J-K-L-T-U-Y-Z-AB-AD-AM dan durasi optimal proyek pembangunan perumahan Gunung Empat Balikpapan dapat selesai dalam 336 hari dengan metode CPM.