bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesejahteraan Psikologis Ibu Yang Memiliki Anak Disleksia (Studi Kasus Pada Film Wonderful Life)
Authors: Faizati Saffina Qurrotunnida , Sa'diyah Gina Agisna Robiyatus , Prihatini Firdha Fauziyyah , Khusna Hilma Khafizatul
Published: January 2023

Anak merupakan harapan orang tuanya, orang tua mengaharapkan yang terbaik untuk anaknya seperti tumbuh menjadi anak yang sehat, normal, dan pintar. Perkembangan anak berjalan berbeda beda dan terkadang orang tua tidak mengetahui gangguan yang dimiliki oleh anak. Ketika anak memasuki masa sekolah gangguan pada anak ini mulai terlihat, salah satunya adalah gangguan disleksia yaitu gangguan dalam membaca dan menulis. Orang tua yang memiliki Anak dengan gangguan disleksi akan berdampak pada keadaan psikologis orang tuanya. Penelitian ini merupakan gambaran bagaimana keadaan psiologis orangtua yang memiliki anak dengan ganguan disleksia. Penelitian ini merupkan penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan sumber penelitan melalui film Wonderful Life dengan data penunjang yaitu buku dan data penunjang lainya.
Peran Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu (PPT) "SERUNI"
Authors: Annisa Salsya Billa
Published: January 2023

Masih adanya kultur budaya patriarki di masyarakat yang memposisikan laki – laki sebagai superior dan perempuan sebagai subordinat menjadikan perilaku diskrimasi, ekploitas serta kekerasan terhadap perempuan masih terjadi. Data Catatan Tahunan Komnas Perempuan Tahun 2020 menyatakan bahwa dalam kurun waktu 12 tahun, kekerasan terhadap perempuan meningkat sebanyak 792% (hampir 800%) artinya kekerasan terhadap perempuan di Indonesia dalam kurun waktu 12 tahun terakhir meningkat 8 kali lipat. Data Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak Republik Indonesia mencatat Kota Semarang menjadi daerah dengan jumlah kasus kekerasan tertinggi di Jawa Tengah angka kasus kekerasan di Kota Semarang menempati posisi tertinggi yaitu sebanyak 175 kasus dengan korban laki – laki sebanyak 15 dan korban perempuan sebanyak 160 kasus. Metode yang dilakukan penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara, pengamatam serta pemanfaatan dokumen. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu peran yang dilakukan oleh Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu (PPT) “SERUNI” dalam penanganan kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan yaitu dengan melakukan berbagai pelayanan diantaranya pelayanan pengaduan, layanan penegakan hukum, layanan kesehatan, layanan pendampingan melalui rehabilitasi sosial dan reintegrasi sosial serta rumah aman (shelter)
DIGITALISASI DAKWAH PONDOK PESANTREN SAAT PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Izzulloh Ahmad Syafaul Hisyam , Moebin Amrullah Ali
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses digitalisasi dakwah yang terjadi di pondok pesantren Darul Ulum Jombang saat pandemi Covid-19 terjadi. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Sumber data dari penelitian ini adalah pengurus pesantren serta dokumen yang ada pada media sosial dan website. Pengumpulan datanya dengan melakukan wawancara dengan pengurus pesantren dan observasi pada website serta media sosialnya. Analisis data dengan menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan, proses pengecekan keabsahannya dengan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum memanfaatkan sosial media sebagai media untuk berdakwah di era pandemi. Website resmi Pondok digunakan untuk memberikan informasi seputar pondok, sedangkan kegiatan istighosah, tahlil, dan mauidhoh hasanah dalam memperingati hari besar menggunakan media aplikasi tatap muka, seperti Zoom dan googlemeet. Minimnya pengetahuan dan wawasan kiai dan jajarannya seputar media digital dan cara membuat konten yang kreatif menjadi kendala bagi Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum dalam berdakwah. Oleh karenanya, dalam menerapkan digitalisasi dakwah diperlukan sebuah perencanaan yang matang, keseimbangan unsur dakwah, dan identifikasi mengenai faktor penghambat dan pendukung terlaksananya digitalisasi dakwah.
PENDIDIKAN PESANTREN DAN MODERASI BERAGAMA
Authors: Sumadi Eko , Nisa Fariq Fahrun , Nufus Izatun , Yulianto Farikhatul Akhlis Fahruddin , Bahruddin Bahruddin
Published: January 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengembangan moderasi beragama di lembaga pendidikan Islam (pesantren) melalui sistem pendidikan dan pengajaran serta praktik nilai-nilai yang ditanamkan Pondok Pesantren Bali Bina Insani. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, sehingga data penelitian ini didapat dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan penelitian terdahulu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pendidikan dan pengajaran yang diterapkan yaitu dengan mengadopsi Kurikulum Kementrian Agama, Kurikulum Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan serta Kurikulum Pesantren serta menerapkan multibahasa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari yaitu Bahasa Arab dan Bahasa Inggris. Dalam membentuk moderasi beragama ditengah-tengah masyarakat multikultural praktik nilai-nilai yang di internalisasikan Pondok Pesantren Bali Bina Insani yaitu Nilai Tasamuh yang dapat dilihat dari komitmen pimpinan dalam mengelola keragaman di internal pondok pesantren, Aulawiyah dengan tidak memasang pengeras suara di pondok pesantren, Musawah dengan tidak memandang kedudukan di pondok pesantren berdasarkan keyakinan, Tahaddur yang menjunjung tinggi adab terhadap satu sama lain serta I’tidal yang tidak mencampuradukkan perbedaan dan keyakinan.
EFEKTIFITAS PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PAI BERBASIS LITERASI DALAM MELAKSANAKAN MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH
Authors: Sulistyorini Sulistyorini
Published: January 2023

Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) bertujuan membentuk siswa memahami agama Islam dengan benar dan berkepribadian yang baik (berakhlakul karimah). Salah satu cara yang bisa ditempuh adalah dengan banyak membaca buku agama Islam. Salah satu buku bacaan agama Islam yang dibaca siswa-siswi merupakan produk dari guru-guru PAI. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah menghasilkan bahan ajar berbasis literasi guna mendukung pembelajaran yang PAI lebih menyenangkan, efektif dan efisien. Peneliti sekaligus berfungsi sebagai narasumber untuk memberikan pemahaman mengenai perlunya guru mengembangkan sumber belajar berupa buku PAI. Metode penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, Evaluation). Langkah pengembangan sumber belajar berbasis literasi dimulai dengan tahap analisis, baik analisis konsep maupun analisis materi. Setelah melalui tahap analisis, materi akan disusun menjadi bahan ajar dan dikembangkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa. Tahap selanjutnya adalah melakukan validasi dan uji kelayakan melalui program bimbingan teknik (bimtek). Tahap terakhir melakukan praktik dan evaluasi.
Enrichment of sludge dump coal by spiral separation
Authors: Turetskaya N. Yu. , Chikisheva T. A.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the presented research is to study the possibility of obtaining an additional coal product and ironcontaining concentrate from the sludge of a coal hydraulic dump. The research involved the study of the material composition of the initial sludge and technological tests. Material composition was examined using chemical, granulometric and mineralogical analyzes, the technological tests were conducted according to the gravitational-magnetic enrichment scheme. A spiral separator was used as the main enrichment equipment. Finishing operation was performed by the method of wet magnetic separation. Having studied the material composition, we determined that the initial sludge of the hydraulic dump is represented by 44.7 % of black coal and 43.32 % of brown coal. The bulk of hard coal is distributed in the size range of -2+0.25 mm and makes 51.15 %, brown coal is distributed in the size range of -2+0.25 mm in the amount of 13.32 %. The material is predominantly represented by a particle size of less than 0.25 mm with a high ash content in it. A coal concentrate with the ash content of 14.4 % was obtained as a result of technological tests. This product corresponds to the brand LFF (long-flaming fine). An iron-containing concentrate with the iron mass fraction of 64.7 % can be used in the metallurgical industry or in heavy-medium separation for coal enrichment. The study illustrates the possibility of obtaining high-quality secondary raw materials without additional mining costs using environmentally friendly technology.
Evaluating the possibility for coal-containing waste of West Siberian Iron-and-Steel Works sludge storage to be involved in processing
Authors: Prokopiev E. S. , Alekseeva O. L.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study is investigate the possibility to obtain liquid concentration products (iron-containing and coal-containing concentrates) from the material of mature coal washing tailings. The study of the material composition of the original mature tailings was carried out using mineralogical, granulometric and chemical analyses. Technological tests were conducted according to the gravitational-magnetic concentration scheme. The spiral separator was chosen to be the main concentration equipment. Upgrading operation involved the use of wet magnetic separation. As a result, rough gravity concentrate with a mass fraction of total iron of 25.3 % was obtained. The product yield was 29.62 % with 53.15 % extraction of a valuable component into it. The output of the obtained coal-containing concentrate was 70.38 %, its ash content equaled 31.7 %. Having upgraded the primary gravity concentrate with the use of the wet magnetic separation method we obtained an iron-containing concentrate. The product yield was 0.44 % with 1.97 % extraction of a valuable component into it. The mass fraction of total iron was 63.29 %. Therefore, the article has demonstrated the potential possibility for mature tailings of coal cleaning to be involved in the processing with the production of marketable products such as iron-containing concentrate and secondary fuel in the form of coal concentrate using environmentally friendly technology, at low energy costs and without additional production costs.
Implementasi Pendidikan Multikutural Berbasis Teknologi Dalam Menghadapi Era Society 5.0
Authors: Ridho Ahmad , Wardhana Kautsar Eka , Yuliana Ayu Sasadila , Qolby Ikhwan Nuur , Zalwana Zalwana
Published: January 2023

The current of globalization is seen as a huge wave that brings impacts and changes in various aspects of life. This includes the change in life from the industrial era 4.0 to the era of society 5.0.Education has now contributed to the development of science and technology, where its usefulness provides new knowledge that will later be useful for students and the nation's technological advances. The teaching and learning process is now adapted to the advancement of information technology which helps in the process of receiving information more easily quickly and efficiently. Of course, with progress that initially aimed to facilitate and assist in completing tasks or work, it is not impossible that it will cause conflicts, disputes. Therefore, it is necessary to re-instill knowledge related to the importance of Multikultural Education in the era of society 5.0. This multikultural education is suspended to the child or learner in the hope that the child understands that both inside and outside his environment there is cultural diversity. Cultural diversity affects people's behavior, attitudes, ways of thinking so that humans have manners, customs, rules, and even customs that are different from others. The method used in this writing is a library research method.
What is the key determinant of the credit card fraud risk assessment in Indonesia? An idea for brainstorming
Authors: Dewi Yuli , Suharman Harry , Sofia Koeswayo Poppy , Dewi Tanzil Nanny
Published: January 2023

This study examined the direct effect of brainstorming on fraud risk assessment at credit card issuing banks in Indonesia. Therefore, it was expected to help improve their performance in dealing with various credit card frauds. This study involved 80 participants from the credit card fraud risk management team from four major credit card issuing banks in Indonesia, consisting of the risk management team (anti-fraud specialist) and the internal auditor team. The research was analyzed using the experimental method with a 2X1 factorial design. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) would test the experimental data. The individuals’ performance (without brainstorming) or the brainstorming group was analyzed using the statistical ANOVA technique. ANOVA analysis produced a sig value of less than 1% and an F-count of 50.556 > 0.143443, which was higher than the F-table. The ANOVA test results concluded that there were differences in assessing the fraud between the respondents with brainstorming and those without it. Through the brainstorming method, it turned out that the respondents in the fraud risk management team provided a more accurate credit card fraud risk assessment from the point of view of the fraud causes and the credit card fraud impacts.Hence, it is crucial for credit card issuing banks in Indonesia to consistently implement anti-fraud governance by adopting brainstorming to produce a better fraud risk assessment.
AcknowledgmentsThis research was conducted as part of the process of study completed at the University of Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. Very special thanks to the participants from major credit card issuer banks who have participated in this research.
KİŞİSEL KİMLİK İÇİN KRİTER ARAYIŞI: SEZGİLERİN ÇATIŞMASI
Authors: ONUR Ferhat
Published: January 2023

Kişisel kimliğimizin sürekliliğinin nasıl sağlandığı, yani hayatımız boyunca nasıl aynı kişi olarak kaldığımız – eğer kalıyorsak – felsefenin en zorlu problemlerinden biridir. Kişisel özdeşlik problemi denilen bu zorluğun aşılması kişinin farklı zamanlardaki var oluşunu kimliğini koruyacak şekilde birbirine bağlayan zorunlu ve yeterli koşulların verilebilmesini veya bir kriterin tayin edilmesini gerektiriyor. Ancak kişisel kimliğin sürekliliğini sağladığı düşünülen kriterler genellikle güçlerini kaynağının güvenirliği hakkında açık ve net bilgilere sahip olmadığımız sezgilerimizden alıyor görünmektedir. Özellikle hayal gücünün kurguları olan düşünce deneyleri sezgilerimizi yoklayan araçlar olarak etkin bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Böylece konu hakkındaki tartışmalar diğer felsefi problemlerde örneğini görmediğimiz derecede sezgilerin çarpıştırıldığı bir düşün ortamında yürütülmekte ve bu durum problemin özgül metafizik zorluğunun yanında metodolojik bir zayıflık olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Research on rock breaking characteristics of impact hob of hard rock excavator
Authors: Lou Lei , Wang Xiao , Wu Wanrong , Qin Weiye
Published: January 2023

During hard rock excavation in the process of tunnel construction, the hard rock excavator wears seriously and quickly and reduces its excavation efficiency. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes a composite rock breaking method by impact rolling and cutting as a solution. In this paper, the composite rock breaking characteristics of impact hob are studied. The impact cutting load of the hob was analyzed, and the hobbing force equation and the rock crushing volume equation were established. The effects of different impact frequencies and impact loads on the cutting force and rock crushing characteristics of the hob were analyzed by experiments. The results show that under a certain thrust and hob spacing, with the increase of the impact frequency, the rock ridge between the two hobs gradually decreases, while the crushed volume of the rock increases gradually. Under the same axial load and cutter spacing conditions, with the increase of the impact frequency, the hob shear force decreases significantly. Under a certain axial load and impact frequency, with the increase of impact load, the crushing volume of rock and the hob shear force decrease significantly. These test results are of great significance for guiding the efficient excavation of hard rock tunnels.
Anhidrit III Katkısının Çimento Esaslı Harcın Performansına Etkisi
Authors: GÜNDÜZ Lütfullah , KALKAN Şevket Onur
Published: January 2023

Yapı alçılarının (kalsiyum sülfat hemihidrat) hızlı sertleşme, düşük maliyet, çevre dostu olma gibi birçok avantajı olmasına rağmen, düşük basınç dayanımı, suya karşı direncinin ve dayanıklılığının nispeten düşük olması sebebi kullanım alanları sınırlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, hemihidrat alçıya oranla fiziksel ve mekanik özellikleri nispeten daha iyi olan anhidrit III üretilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, anhidrit III çimento ile birlikte kullanılarak üretilen kompozitlerin verimliliğinin artırılması hedeflenmiştir. Anhidrit III harç bileşimlerinde 0-90 m, 0-125 m ve 0-250 m olmak üzere 3 ayrı boyutta değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, 17 ayrı seri harç üretilmiş, bu serilerde anhidrit III ağırlıkça %1,6’dan %64,8’e kadar kırma kum ile yer değiştirilerek kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, test örneklerinde Anhidrit III miktarı arttıkça genel bir eğilim olarak birim hacim kütle değeri azalmıştır. Anhidrit III harçlarda kullanıldığı tane boyutuna da bağlı olmak üzere ortalama %29,4-39,5 aralığında kum ile yer değiştirme oranına kadar harcın basınç dayanımını artırmıştır. Bu oranlardan daha yüksek kullanım oranlarında ise basınç dayanımı azalmaya başlamıştır. 0-90 m, 0-125 m ve 0-250 m Anhidrit III tane boyutu değişimine karşın harcın mukavemet değerlerinde yaklaşık CaSO4/(SiO2+CaO)  0,68, 0,68 ve 1,05 oran değerine kadar dayanım artışları, bu oran üzerinde değerlerde ise dayanım düşüşü oluştuğu gözlemlenmiştir. Harç tasarımlarında artan Anhidrit III oranı, sertleşmiş harcın matris yapısında gözenek oluşturmuştur. Matris yapıda gözeneklilik olgusu arttıkça ultrasonik dalga hızı değeri de düşmüştür.
Bor Türevi Atığı Katkılı Şeffaf Sırların Seramik Bünyeler Üzerine Uygulanması
Authors: KÖROĞLU Levent , PEKŞEN Ceren , İNCE Melike , AYAS Erhan
Published: January 2023

Çalışmanın amacı, seramik bünyeler üzerine uygulamak üzere şeffaf sırların bor türevi atığının katkılanması ile daha ekonomik ve çevreci bir yöntem ile üretimidir. Bor türevi atığı katkılı şeffaf seramik sırları üretilmiş ve bu sırlar üretilen seramik bünyeler üzerine fritleme yapılmadan doğrudan uygulanmıştır. Değişken pişirme sıcaklığı (950 ºC-1150 ºC) ve atık katkı oranına (0-15 %ağ.) bağlı olarak XRD ve spektrofotometre kullanılarak sırların faz gelişimleri ve optik özellikleri incelenmiştir. 950 ºC’de üretilen sırlarda görülen adacık kusuru ve iğne deliği yüzey hataları 1150 ºC’de tüm sırların yapısının tamamen amorflaşması ile giderilmiştir ve atık katkılı sırların parlaklık değerleri artmıştır. Düşük sıcaklıklarda atık miktarı ile artan diopsit fazı parlaklık (60º) değerlerinde azalmaya ve beyazlık (L*) değerlerinde artışa sebep olmuştur. Özetle, 1150 ºC’de pişirim yapıldığında %5 atık katkılı sırın parlaklık ve beyazlık değerleri (56,6 ve 87,7) katkısız sıra (49,4 ve 85,3) kıyasla daha yüksektir. Üretilen düşük maliyetli ve çevre dostu bor atığı katkılı sırlar sanatsal seramik çalışmalarında kullanılabilir.
Mask R-CNN Derin Sinir Ağı ile Demiryolu Hattı Bileşenlerinde Çoklu Hata Tespiti
Authors: YILMAZER Merve , KARAKÖSE Mehmet , AYDIN İlhan , AKIN Erhan
Published: January 2023

Demiryolu birçok yolcunun aynı anda seyahat edebilmesine olanak tanıyan aynı zamanda yük taşımacılığında da sıklıkla kullanılan bir ulaşım çeşididir. Ulaşımda kazalar ve aksamalar meydana gelmemesi için hattın periyodik olarak kontrolünün sağlanması ve hatalı bileşenlerin belirlenerek onarılması gerekmektedir. Raylı ulaşım sistemlerinin güvenliğinin sağlanması için yapılan manuel denetimlere alternatif olarak, son zamanlarda görüntü işleme algoritmaları ve derin öğrenme algoritmaları kullanılarak temassız, hızlı ve güvenilir sonuçlar veren hata tespit yöntemleri geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada sağlıklı olan traversler ve travers üzerinde meydana gelen çeşitli hataların tespit edilmesine yönelik Mask R-CNN derin sinir ağı mimarisi kullanılarak yeni bir yöntem önerildi. Üç farklı hata türü ve sağlıklı travers olmak üzere toplamda dört farklı sınıf etiketi ile etiketlenen gerçek demiryolu görüntüleri kullanılarak model eğitimi ve eğitilen modelin test edilmesi sağlandı. Değerlendirme metrikleri hesaplanarak modelin başarı performansı ölçüldü. Sağlıklı ve hatalı olan traversleri belirlemede modelin doğruluğu %95 olarak belirlendi.
Simplified Nonlinear Analysis of RC Columns Exposed to Lateral Loads
Authors: AVĞIN Sıla , KÖSE M. Metin
Published: January 2023

In this study, the monotonic and hysteretic behavior of poorly detailed reinforced concrete (RC) columns under lateral loads is simply modeled by SAP2000. It has been shown in literature that the flexural, reinforcement slip and shear deformations is contributed to lateral deformation. The monotonic and hysteretic responses of RC columns due to each of these deformations, were determined. Under pushover loading, deformations due to the flexural, reinforcement slip and shear deformations were summed up to create monotonic behavior of the column. The load-deformation curve from the monotonic model were used to create backbone curve of hysteretic pivot model. The monotonic and hysteretic lateral load- displacement curves obtained in this study were compared with the results obtained from experimental studies. It has been shown that SAP2000 and experimental results were in good agreement and the behavior of poorly detailed RC columns are simplified by SAP2000 instead of using the complex analysis methods.
A Decision Model for Examining the Impact of Industry 4.0 on the Human Resources Departments of Iron-Steel Production Companies
Authors: ÖZ Tuğba , KUVVETLİ Yusuf
Published: January 2023

The main aim of this study is to present a decision model to determine how the human resources processes in the iron-steel industry will be affected by the transition to Industry 4.0. Accordingly, data were obtained through a survey and analysis was carried out with the chi-square test for the hypotheses. Then, the most critical problems in the transition process are weighted with Shannon's Entropy method and the most suitable solutions for the transition problems are listed with the TOPSIS method. While increasing labor costs and constantly changing technologies are emerging as the weightiest transition problems, supporting the employees with trainings to adapt to new technologies and gain the necessary skills has been evaluated as the most important solutions for the problems of transition to Industry 4.0. Thus, a roadmap for the transition process was presented to decision makers.
Turkey and Pan-Turkism as Factors in Nazi Germany’s Strategy in the Struggle Against the Soviet Union. Between Politics and Propaganda
Authors:   Ariel University, Feferman K. M. , Kovalev B. N. ,   St Petersburg Institute of History of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2023

The article examines the evolution of Nazi Germany’s approaches towards Turkey and pan-Turkism in the German struggle against the Soviet Union. Particular attention is paid to political and diplomatic considerations, as well as propaganda guidelines adopted in Germany after the invasion of the Soviet Union. Geographically, a special emphasis is laid on the North Caucasus. Turkey was linked with the Caucasus in general and with the North Caucasus in particular through centuries-old cultural and religious ties that flowed naturally from geographical proximity, often supplemented by ethnic and religious affinities between Turkey and the Caucuses, including the North Caucasian peoples. Turkish influence was historically associated with pan-Turkism, a trend that emphasized the spiritual closeness of all people of Turkic origin, regardless of existing borders. In this respect, the German policy towards Turkey was unique, as this was a neutral country with whom Germany played a rather uncharacteristic subtle diplomatic and propaganda game. Its purpose was to tie Turkey to the Third Reich, giving it a role as “subcontractor” to control regions inhabited by peoples who historically gravitated towards Turkey. If this turned out to be impossible in the present or near future, even then the region should have been governed by Germany, with an eye to the interests of an important “shadow” player (Turkey). Germany’s flirtation with Turkey and attempts to win over Soviet Turkic peoples, including those in the Caucasus, were indicative of the desperate search for allies. This, in turn, resulted from the German realization that the Wehrmacht was firmly bogged down in the course of Operation Barbarossa.
75th Stalin Volunteer Separate Infantry Brigade of Omsk Siberians: History and Commemoration
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Sushko A. V. , Nagaev I. B. ,   Omsk Tank-Automotive Engineering Institute
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the history, historiography, and commemoration of the 75th Stalin volunteer separate rifle brigade of Omsk-Siberians. It explores three interrelated questions. First, how significant was Stalin’s name for the Omsk volunteers during the formation of the 75th brigade, and was it subsequently important for the soldiers and officers of the 65th Guards Division throughout its combat history? Second, how was the history of the Stalinist Siberian volunteers reflected in Russian historiography, and why do historians continue to replicate the Soviet times falsification of the name of the glorified part? Third, how did anti-Stalinist Soviet policy affect modern places of commemoration in Omsk? The study was carried out using military and party-state documentation, memoirs of brigade veterans, periodicals, and photographic documents. An analysis of these sources shows that Stalin’s name played a large role in mobilizing Omsk volunteers into the people’s militia during the formation of the 75th Stalin Volunteer Separate Siberian Infantry Brigade, which became part of the Stalin Siberian Volunteer Infantry Corps. Throughout the war, it was one of the main symbols that supported the steadfastness and heroism of the Siberian warriors who won the right to become the “Stalinist Guard” and proudly self-determined themselves in this capacity. Since Khrushchev’s times, in Russian historiography, the creation of the Stalinist people’s militia in Omsk has traditionally been hushed up or falsified, which has become a tradition for Russian historical science. The state of historical knowledge has determined that modern Omsk places of memory dedicated to the history of the 75th brigade do not fully bear the historical truth about it, continuing the one laid down in the time of N. S. Khrushchev’s tradition of falsifying history.
Russian Sugar Exports to Persia in 1900–1917
Authors:   RUDN University, Kornoukhova G. G.
Published: January 2023

This article examines problems of selling Russian sugar in Persia towards the end of the Russian Empire’s existence during the first decades of the 20th century. The article clarifies Russian sugar exporters’ achievements and what problems they faced promoting their products on the Persian market. The source base made it possible to establish the dynamics of export indicators, the specifics of the price situation, and consumers’ demands in Persia for this period. The author examines the peculiarities of the sale of Russian sugar in the northern and southern regions of the country and the competitive advantages of the two rival powers, Russia and France. Special attention is paid to the issue of sugar sales in Persia during World War I: problems faced by sugar exporters and the project to introduce a sugar monopoly in Persia. The analysis leads to conclusions about the dynamic development of Russian sugar exports to Persia. Thanks to the simultaneous efforts by the Russian government and Russian business circles, the Russian Empire was able to monopolize the North Persian sugar market and achieve certain gains in the markets of southern Persia. A decisive role in this matter was played by the government’s initiative, thanks to which a regular sea connection with the ports of the Persian Gulf was established, as well as the opportunity to sell Russian sugar at competitive prices. It is also important that government measures were carried out in parallel with the growing activity of Russian entrepreneurs, who were engaged in the production and export of sugar to the large Middle East market.
The Struggle Against German Domination in the Field of Land Ownership in the Tauride Province in 1905–1917
Authors:   Humanities and Education Science Academy — Branch of the V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University in Yalta, Shendrikova S. P. , Vishnyakova N. E. ,   Humanities and Education Science Academy — Branch of the V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University in Yalta
Published: January 2023

The historical upheavals of the first quarter of the 20th century seriously affected the state of land holdings of German settlers in the Russian Empire. The revolution of 1905 and the First World War affected the farms of German owners in particular and changed the system of land relations in general. Unjustified interference of state structures in matters of private land ownership, when the estates of German settlers were liquidated without taking into account their economic profitability, adversely affected not only the farms themselves, but also the state as a whole. Legalizations introduced in 1915–1916 on the reduction of German land ownership affected the property system of the former colonists of the Tauride Province. The adoption of draft laws was a controversial phenomenon and caused social instability in society. The implementation of state decisions primarily affected the most prosperous and well-known German dynasties, which suffered enormous losses. A negative attitude towards the German ethnic group was systematically formed in society, which led to a resonance among other ethnic groups. In view of the negative impact of these steps on the economic, political, and social condition in the Tauride province, it was decided to temporarily suspend the previously adopted laws. The suspension of the processes was often an irreversible process, since the land property had already been alienated and put up for sale. At the same time, most of the Crimean lands were already at the disposal of the state, despite the imperfection of the current legislative framework. However, in February 1917, the fate of the German estates was predetermined by the seizure of “living and dead” inventory. This was the first manifestation of changes in private land ownership in German settlements, which fully occurred in the early 1920s.
On the Issue of the Activities of Foreign Banks in the Far East of Russia in 1922– 1925
Authors:   Sakhalin State University, Kiselev A. L.
Published: January 2023

Using documentary sources, some published here for for the first time, this article aims to analyze and summarize the activities of branches of foreign banking institutions in Vladivostok after the end of the Civil War and the military intervention of allied troops and the establishment of Soviet power in the Russian Far East from 1922 to 1925. The role of branches of foreign banks in the economy and money market of the region during the period of foreign intervention is revealed. A brief description of the branches of foreign banking institutions (Japanese Chosen Bank, Yokohama Haste Bank, and English Hong Kong Shanghai Bank), which continued their activities after the evacuation of foreign military units from the region, is given. The necessity of the presence of these institutions in the territory of the Russian Far East in the first years of Soviet power is determined in view of the close connection of the region with foreign markets and the importance of Manchu transit, which takes place to a large extent with the participation of these banks. The article shows the inability of the “young” Far Eastern Region, the industry and economy of which were in decline and were just beginning to recover, to resist the activities of foreign financial institutions. It was impossible for Soviet banking institutions relying on hard foreign currency to begin operations in the region quickly to replace foreign banks. The main economic indicators of the financial activities of these banking institutions in the period under review and their relationship with the Soviet financial and economic bodies of the region are given.
The Court of the Grand Duchess of Lithuania and Queen of Poland Elena Ivanovna
Authors:   North-West Institute of Management of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Korzinin Alexander
Published: January 2023

The article is a comprehensive study of the composition of the court of the Grand Duchess of Lithuania Elena Ivanovna, daughter of the Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan III and Sophia Paleologina. The author comes to the conclusion that initially Ivan III tried to surround his daughter with Moscow noblemen and Russian servants in a foreign land However, by September 1495, almost the entire retinue of Elena was sent to Moscow on the orders of Alexander Kazimirovich, her husband. The court of the Grand Duchess was re-formed on the model of the court of the Grand Duchess of Lithuania and the Queens of Poland. All key positions in it (court-master, chancellor, сook, carver) were occupied by Lithuanian Catholic noblemen. The female court of Elena Ivanovna was headed by the court-master who supervised ladies-in-waiting (all of them were of Lithuanian origin and, probably, Catholics, with the exception of one lady of the Orthodox faith who came with the princess from Moscow). Only by 1511, the Orthodox princess became the court-master. Few Orthodox service people who arrived in Lithuania from Russia held administrative positions in the princess’s domain. In 1509, after the rebellion of Prince M. L. Glinskii and his departure to Moscow, a number of key figures (I. S. Sapega, M. Iundilovich) left the court of the Grand Duchess. The remaining courtiers (Mitia Ivanovich, Kgetovt Kalinikovich, and others), although formally in her service, in fact followed the instructions of the Lithuanian lords and were loyal to king Sigismund the Old.
Censorship and the Potential Texts in Poland during the Late Communist Period
Authors:   University of Białystok, Gardocki Wiktor
Published: January 2023

The article presents the mechanisms of censorship in the 1980s in the People’s Republic of Poland as well as its consequences that still affect the present. It examines examples of the works subjected to the control as well as the writers of the period, including those who were banned from printing in the country. It indicates fragments of texts once removed from books and discusses works that could not be published in Poland in the 1980s. References are made to the three literary spheres existing at that time in the People’s Republic of Poland: in the first, the “official” one, freedom of speech was significantly limited, and all texts were checked by the Main Office for the Control of Presentations and Public Performances (Główny Urząd Kontroli Prasy, Publikacji i Widowisk); the second (drugi obieg), also described as the free, underground, independent publishing sphere, was not subject to censorship and was illegal, according to the laws in force at that time; the third sphere was émigré literature, by which we mean Polish language materials published abroad. The aim of this article is to show the complexity of this situation as well as its consequences for the present day.
Medical Geography and Civil Society in the Russian Empire
Authors:   University of Notre Dame, Martin Alexander
Published: January 2023

In the intellectual construction of empires in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, one of the principal building blocks was medical geography. A discipline located at the boundary of medicine, ethnography, sociology, and geography, medical geography devoted itself to understanding the social and environmental factors that neo-Hippocratic medicine thought determined public health. Thanks to A History of Medicine and Medical Geography in the Russian Empire, co-written by a team of researchers under the direction of E. Vishlenkova and A. Renner, there exists for the first time a study of the role played by medical geography in the development of the Russian Empire. The book begins by discussing what it calls the infrastructure of Russian medico-geographic research: the top-level medical agencies, the system of Baltic maritime quarantines, the training and career paths of physicians, and the development of medical associations. Then it examines the findings of medico-geographic researchers, discussing the climate theories of early modern European medical thinkers and the development in Russia of the three principal forms of medico-geographic writing — statistics, mapmaking, and narrative “medico-topographical descriptions”. The final section offers a series of casestudies from spaces as diverse as Lithuania, the Kazakh steppe, the Arctic shipping route, and global voyages of the vessels of the imperial Russian navy. Systematically placing Russia in the comparative framework of European empires and alternating in its perspective between St Petersburg and distant frontiers, the book explores how medical geography and its practitioners connected Russia with Europe and helped simultaneously to form the imperial state, the Russian nation, and a nascent civil society.
State Council and the Political Crisis of the Interregnum
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Belousov Mikhail S.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the activities of the highest state body of the Russian Empire during the interregnum of 1825. The political crisis changed the institutional status of the State Council. His position in the system of power during this period was not based on legislative acts, it depended on the position of the time-honored Senate and was determined by the tasks of the plan for Nikolai Pavlovich's coming to power. It is shown that during the meeting on November 27, the members supported the initiative of Nicholas to swear allegiance to Constantine, but included in the official protocol an unacceptable formula of his abdication. Senate completely ignored the decision of the Council. This circumstance was perceived as normative and natural. The decisive meeting of the State Council took place on the night of December 13–14, but it is difficult to identify bureaucratic logic in this event. Nikolai gathered the members of the Council, read out a manifesto to them and, without requiring an oath, sent them home. For all the actors of these events, the key was the oath of the Senate. All this gives reason to conclude that the State Council was only the proscenium of the political struggle of the period of the interregnum, a theatrical performance that served for Nicholas as a source of information about the moods of the highest dignitaries. He made all the key decisions on his own, coordinating them only with his confidants, and implemented them through the decisions of the Senate.
The Monks of Saint-Thierry in a Property Dispute with the Archbishop of Reims
Authors:   Radboud University Nijmegen, Schmidt Gleb
Published: January 2023

On the wave of religious enthusiasm and monastic reform under Cluny’s influence, monasteries focused their particular attention on the memory of the institution. Collective memory recorded and structured interactions of the brethren with the society, preserving the names of benefactors, patrons, and other emblematic figures. It helped communities shape their identities, demarcating their monastic networks and protecting and reclaiming their property from any exterior intervention or usurpation. This article considers three documents that have almost entirely escaped scholarly attention. This small dossier is a significant of example of how the brethren of Saint-Thierry in Reims disputed their property rights to the small demesne of Villers-Franqueux against powerful, local noblement and the Archbishops of Reims in the third quarter of the 11th century. Engaged in this property dispute, the community deployed different legal measures and appealed to exterior royal authority. The monks did not hesitate to forge the material and mention an influential person of the moment, Queen Anna, who ruled as regent around that time, in order to solidify their position. This manifold and detailed ‘protective narrative’ constructed by the monks of Saint-Thierry was also supplemented by hagiographical texts intended to provide the community’s claims to Villers-Franqueux with a sacred, transcendent legitimacy, which had to present the deeds of the monastery’s adversaries as not only illegal but also as going against God’s will. All of this, as the subsequent history of Saint-Thierry suggests, allowed the community to overcome in the struggle and retain Villers-Franqueux, which became one of the core elements of its demesne.
Historical Development of Football through Media Reporting in Serbia
Authors:   University “Union – Nikola Tesla”, Milenković Dejan , Milenković Vesna ,   University “Union – Nikola Tesla”
Published: January 2023

As the most important of the least important things in the world, football captures the attention of millions of people who receive information through the media every day. The role of the media in professional football is important not only because of the financial aspects of the sport but also because of the powerful position of broadcasters. Football, as one of the most popular sports in the world, also occupies a significant place in media reporting in Serbia. Regardless of the results that Serbian football players have achieved, both at the club and national team levels, football has always been reported on the front pages of the press with the largest number of articles and photographs, that is in the breaking news of the electronic media, and most media space is dedicated to the broadcast of football matches. Fans analyze important club and national football matches every day. Great victories are celebrated and great defeats are mourned. Given the role football plays, this paper will present the historical development of football in media coverage of this sport in Serbia since its emergence on the Serbian sports scene at the end of the 19th century until the last decade of the 20th century, and also briefly outlines the connection between media and football in general. The paper will focus on the influence of print and electronic media in the periods when the media were most influential.
Who and How is Studying the Russian Presence on the South Manchurian Railway
Authors:   Center for the Study of State and Law of East Asian Countries, East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Dudin Pavel N.
Published: January 2023

Based on the works by English-speaking authors on the South Manchurian Railway published after 2000, the author explores the phenomenon of the Russian/Soviet presence in Manchuria and in East Asia. The object of study was under the jurisdiction of Russia for a short time, but remained a kind of barometer of the pre- and post-war regional order. This is due to the significant strengthening of Japan and the Japanese presence, so the “before – after” scheme is present in the reviewed studies, and the change in the disposition of the powers is one of the main narrative plots. A similar “before – after” scheme in a number of works reflects the transformation of the positions of individual Western scholars under the influence of the so-called “memory wars” against the background of changes in the system of international relations over the past 7–8 years. The works in question concentrate on those spheres of public life that were affected by the railway irrespective of its subordination. The conclusions of the article reveal that this topic is under-researched; that foreign scholars make little use of the Russian resources and the potential of Russian researchers; that some opportunistic studies seek to present Russia as an aggressor and an expansionist, and the imperial policy - as a failure and disaster for the region.
Characteristics of the legal institution of co-ownership in Korea
Authors:   Korea University, Myoung Soonkoo
Published: January 2023

The present article examines the legal institution of co-ownership in the Civil Code of the Republic of Korea (hereinafter — CC RK), with the center of focus being on joint and collective ownership. Unfortunately the Civil Code was prepared rather hastily in the aftermath of more than three decades of colonial rule under the Japanese Empire and the Korean War of 1950–1953. As a result the CC RK has no lack of legislative errors and shortcomings. One of the more serious of these is the conflict of norms on joint ownership. Similar, if not almost identical, provisions on joint ownership exist in Part II (Real Rights) and Part III (Claims) of the CC RK. It is necessary to resolve this conflict of norms by repealing the problematic provision, i. e. Article 704 (Partnership-ownership of Partnership Property), as well as amending provision, i. e. paragraph 2 Article 271 (Partnership-ownership of Property), so as to have the latter conform better to the whole structure of the Civil Code in general. The norms on collective ownership pose no less of a problem for the application of the Civil Code. Although the legal concept of collective ownership was born and developed in German jurisprudence, the institution never made it into the German Civil Code. It was at the opposite side of the globe in Korea that collective ownership was recognized and stipulated in the Civil Code. However such legislation cannot be deemed rational. The concept of collective ownership does not reflect the characteristics of the Korean society and the various transactions that are conducted therein, and therefore lacks practicality and applicability. The sole reason for including norms of collective ownership in the first place was to regulate the particular co-ownership form of unregistered incorporations. It would have been more desirable to include the relevant provisions not in Part II (Real Rights) but Chapter III (Juristic Persons) of Part I (General Provisions), and recognize the grounds for the provisions on juristic persons to apply to unregistered incorporations, unless registration is deemed essential for the application of such norms. Aside from legislative recommendations for addressing the current problems of the Civil Code, the author of the present paper provides a critique of the legal thinking and doctrines on various aspects of co-ownership in Korea.
The path forward for the housing lease system of reunified Korea
Authors:   Jeju National University, Kim Sung-Wook
Published: January 2023

South and North Korea have diametrically opposite property systems, the disparity of which is most evident in respect of immovables. While South Korea, a capitalist market economy, adopts an open market approach, North Korea under communist rule favors a heavily centralized and strictly regulated approach towards immovable property. Such a stark contrast will prove be very challenging in harmonizing the two systems if the time comes for reunification on the Korean peninsula. Although it is virtually impossible to predict the form and process by which reunification may occur, it is vital that we prepare for such an event. The objective of this paper is to do just that by considering some of the critical questions that are likely to arise in the process of harmonizing the property and housing systems of South and North Korea. One such question regards the matter of privatization. Given the general lack of housing in North Korea, we need to introduce special legislation in the Northern part of the Korean peninsula allowing for, as a rule, one house per household, at least during the initial stages of the reunification. Also, only those who are officially registered by the North Korean authorities as the lawful possessors of these houses should be recognized as being viable for acquiring house ownership. The other critical question addressed in the paper is the direction of reorganizing the housing lease system in post-reunification Korea. The current Housing Lease Protection Act of South Korea will be inadequate for applying in the North. The matters of its scope of application, the opposing power of the lessee, duration of lease, regulation of rent and the right to demand renewal of the lease contract are all dealt with in the paper.