FEATURES OF MARINE AND RIVER PORT INFRASTRUCTURE FUNCTIONING IN THE SYSTEM OF ADAPTATION TO EXTERNAL POSITIONING CONDITIONS
Authors: MEZINA L.V. 
Published: May 2023

Topicality. The expediency of developing scientific regulations is related to the need to take into account the new operating conditions of maritime enterprises of Ukraine and their adaptation. It is also important to analyze and justify the parametric features of the positioning of maritime transport enterprises. First of all, it is necessary to take into account: factors of the development of the global maritime trade market, trends and prospects of the global maritime industry, the state and competitive positioning of the port business, the functioning and prospects of the development of logistic - multimodal transport systems.Aim and tasks. Systematization of factors and substantiation of the peculiarities of the positioning of marine and river infrastructure enterprises of Ukraine, clarification of new conditions for the development of transport enterprises in the structure of the regional transport market. Achieving the set goal of the research is conditioned by the need to solve the following tasks: analysis and substantiation of parametric features of the development of the global maritime trade market, conditions for the development of the global maritime merchant fleet, analysis of the environment of international investments and the investment attractiveness of the maritime industry of Ukraine, trends and peculiarities of the positioning of the development of private and state property in the structure of the national stevedore market, substantiating the strategic importance of the marine and river infrastructure of Ukraine in ensuring the economic security of the country and overcoming the food crisis in the world.Materials and methods. The scientific basis of the research was methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of grouping, methods of making rational decisions, methods of operations research, as well as official data of statistical information, data of the United Nations Trade and Development Conference, the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine, analytical materials of state statistics of Ukraine, analytical data of the administration of seaports of Ukraine.Research results. The trends and prospects for the development of world maritime trade are considered. The dynamics of the shipping capacity of the world merchant fleet for 2018-2021 is presented. The assessment of the state of the maritime trade market is given. Flows of foreign direct investments were analyzed and factors affecting their dynamics were identified. The state of the port infrastructure of Ukraine is substantiated. The dynamics of the cargo turnover of sea trade ports of the Black Sea region for 2005-2021 are given. The state and functioning of the private and public sectors of port business in Ukraine are analyzed. The dynamics of cargo turnover of private and state stevedoring enterprises in Ukraine for 2013-2021 is presented. The importance of the role of state ownership in the stevedore business in Ukraine, taking into account the state of war, is emphasized. The importance of the functioning of the port and river infrastructure of Ukraine in ensuring food security in the world is emphasized. The work of port operators under the "Grain Agreement" was analyzed.Conclusion. Factors of effective functioning of transport enterprises are systematized. The information and logistics model is presented, which takes into account the conditions of adaptation of enterprises of the maritime and river industry to Ukraine, taking into account the state of war. The economic requirements of the positioning of the components of the transport infrastructure of Ukraine are taken into account, taking into account the negative impact of the external environment. The impact of the use of the principle of digitalization, "single window" on the efficiency of the positioning of logistics links of cargo delivery is emphasized. The need to expand the water area of the ports on the Danube River and develop the logistics of the ports of the Danube region to ensure the functional stability of the potential of the transport industry of Ukraine has been revealed.