bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploratory study on the effectiveness of integrative neurocognitive remediation therapy (iNCRT) for cancer survivors
Authors: Rogiers A. , Kyndt D. , Van Eycken S. , Le Febvre J.-C. , Brohee M. , Degols C. , Fontaine C. , Neyns B. , Kornreich C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Cancer survivors frequently report suffering from neurocognitive impairment, that persists after physical recovery from their disease. Cognitive impairment is associated with important emotional disturbances, socio-professional consequences and diminished quality of life.

Objectives

This observational study aims to assess the effectives of an integrative neurocognitive remediation therapy (iNRCT), offered as a 12-week program (1day/week), organized within our Cognitive Remediation Clinic. The iNCRT combines personalized computerized cognitive training and neurocognitive strategy training, with group sessions of physical exercise, mindfulness, and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT).

Methods

The assessment before and after NCRT includes neuropsychological testing (10 subtests), assessment of daily functioning and subjective neurocognitive function (NCF).

Results

Out of 16 eligible cancer survivors, 12 patients were recruited and 11 completed the iNCRT; median age 53 years [range, 41-71]; 3 patients had a prior history of a central nervous system tumor, 5 patients of breast cancer, 2 patients of stage-IV melanoma, and 1 patient of gastric cancer. After iNCRT subjective NCF did not improve significantly (p=0.13) according to the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire. However neuropsychological assessment revealed an improvement on ≥ 1 impaired subtest in all patients; 6 patients improved on ≥ 4 impaired subtests. Improvement was most prominent in long-term verbal and visual memory, working memory and executive function. All patients reported a clinical benefit in their daily function after completion of iNCRT.

Conclusions

Our iNRCT, which combines personalized neurocognitive training with physical exercise, mindfulness and CBT can be an effective therapeutic model for treating neurocognitive impairment in cancer survivors, with a clinically relevant impact on their daily function.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Mindfulness in pain self-control of people with chronic pain: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Laranjeira C. , Querido A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Chronic pain has a significant impact on individuals’ daily lives, and its control is essential for improving quality of life. In this sense, the practice of Mindfulness is a useful non-pharmacological technique for self-management of chronic pain.

Objectives

This study aims to identify the level of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of Mindfulness for self-control of pain by people with chronic pain.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 23 adults with chronic pain. The online survey assessed sociodemographic characterization, Brief Pain Inventory, and knowledge/opinion about the effectiveness of mindfulness strategies.

Results

The sample consisted mostly of middle-aged women, with family support, employed and with higher academic qualifications. 47.8% of the sample had experienced pain for over 20 years with the most prevalent diagnosis being fibromyalgia. The average intensity of chronic pain corresponded to moderate pain and the level of acceptance of it was low, interfering in instrumental activities of daily life. Although they had never tried the technique, most of the sample knew what mindfulness consisted of, considering it as a viable option for self-management of chronic pain. Moderate and positive correlations were found between the level of acceptance of pain and greater availability for the practice of mindfulness (rho=.137; p<.001), the same happened between satisfaction with the practice of mindfulness and self-control of pain (rho=.259; p<.001).

Conclusions

Our findings outline the need to include non-pharmacological measures such as mindfulness in therapeutic schemes for chronic pain management, given the manifest interest of this population.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Aesthetics and mental health: an increase in personality disorders
Authors: Garcia-Bernal C. , Rodriguez-Menéndez G.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

There has been a growing interest in our society for aesthetic interventions and achieving perfect beauty standards. We analyze its relationship with the mental health of our present time.

Objectives

1. Describe the most frequent pathologies associated with aesthetic interventions.

2. Describe the population that most frequently uses these interventions.

3. Management of this pathology.

Methods

Systematic bibliographic review of the literature of the last 5 years following the PRISMA recommendations between March and June 2021.

Results

4 articles were included. Most of them coincide in a high prevalence of borderline personality disorders, high impulsivity, high levels of anxiety, low perceived self-esteem and dysmorphophobia. Greater coordination between physicians who are dedicated to aesthetics and mental health is proposed due to the rise of this fashion.

Conclusions

1. High increase in the use of aesthetic techniques.

2. Women who consume these techniques more.

3. High prevalence of personality disorders.

4. High prevalence of dysmorphophobia.

5. Referral is recommended in some cases to mental health consultations for specific treatment.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Narcissism as a protective factor against the risk of self-harming behaviors without suicidal intention in Borderline Personality Disorder. Preliminary results
Authors: Alberdi-Páramo Í. , Montero-Hernández G. , Pérez Lombardo M. , Ibañez Vizoso J. , Pemán Rodríguez J. , Niell Galmés L. , Rodríguez Quijano J. , Baena Mures R.Á.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The spectrum of suicidal behavior is a core factor of the prognosis and care of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD).

Objectives

Identify possible BPD specific personality traits that could act as protective factors of nonsuicidal self-injuries (NSSI).

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional, observational and retrospective study of a sample of 134 BPD patients aged from 18 to 56. We assessed the presence or absence of suicidal behavior and NSSI as well as different sociodemographic variables. Millon, Zuckerman-Kuhlman and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM personality questionnaires were also applied. The analysis of the association between variables was carried out with a multivariate negative binomial logistic regression model.

Results

A statistically significant association between NSSI and suicidal behavior was found. Elseways, statistically significant differences were also found in the association between NSSI and the SCID variables for Narcissistic Disorder, which appears as protective variables. These results provide an idea of the dynamic relationship between NSSI and suicidal behavior in a BPD population with particularly severe characteristics.

Conclusions

The role of narcissistic personality traits appears to be important in identifying protective factors for NSSI and suicidal behavior in BPD patients and could be the subject of further research projects.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Considering Envy and Rivalry within the nomological network of pathological narcissism: an empirical study
Authors: Faccini F. , Rogier G. , Cavalli R. , Velotti P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Few is known regarding the intervening variables between pathological narcissism and sadism personality. Specifically, envy is a psychoanalytical construct that appears especially promising in illuminating such relationships.

Objectives

To extend the knowledge regarding the nomological network of pathological narcissism.

Methods

We administered to a sample of Italian adults a battery of self-report questionnaires including the Italian version of the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale, the Assessment of Narcissistic Personality, The Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire and the Pathological Narcissism Inventory.

Results

First, the Italian version of the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale showed good fit indexes confirming the original factorial structure as well as configural invariance. We found that only the grandiosity facet of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory, the Rivalry subscale of the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire and the Malicious subscale of the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale positively and significantly predicted Assessment of Narcissistic Personality scores. Moreover, throughout a structural equation modeling approach, the hypothesis that rivalry and malicious envy both mediate the relationship between grandiosity and sadism was empirically supported.

Conclusions

The use of the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale resulted to be promising in the investigation of the nomological network of pathological narcissism. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Personality disorders and Juvenil Myoclonic Epilepsy
Authors: Santos Carrasco I. , Gonçalves Cerejeira J. , Queipo De Llano De La Viuda M. , Gonzaga Ramírez A. , Guerra Valera G. , Jiménez Aparicio T. , De Andrés Lobo C. , Vallecillo Adame C. , Fernández Lozano M. , Rodríguez Rodríguez B. , Navarro Barriga N. , Mateos Sexmero M.J. , Gallardo Borge L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

There is a high comorbidity between psychiatric disorders and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), observed in up to 58% of these patients; specifically, mood disorders, anxiety and personality disorders (PD). In some patients with PD there are nonspecific alterations in the EEG, which nevertheless sometimes involve pathology. The presence of personality disorders along with JME has been repeatedly described. Previous studies have emphasized the difficulties in treating patients with JME, which have been attributed to some specific psychiatric, psychological and psychosocial characteristics.

Objectives

Describing distinctive personality traits in JME

Methods

Review of scientific literature based on a relevant clinical case.

Results

19-year-old woman, single. Psychiatric history since she was 12 due to anxiety-depressive symptoms, after being diagnosed with JME. 4 admissions in Psychiatry, with a variety of diagnoses: eating disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and borderline personality disorder. The evolution of both disorders has been parallel, presenting epileptic seizures due to irregular therapeutic adherence together with pseudo-seizures, which made difficult their differential diagnosis. In addition, he has had frequent visits to the emergency room for suicide attempts and impulsive behaviors.

Conclusions

In 1957, for the first time, distinctive personality traits were described in patients with JME: lack of control and perseverance, emotional instability, variable self-concept and reactive mood, which have been confirmed in subsequent studies. It is believed as epilepsy progresses, patients tend to develop symptoms of depression, anxiety, social problems, and attention deficit. Therefore, these patients have difficulty in following medical recommendations, especially precautions regarding precipitating factors for seizures.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Attitude of mental health care professionals toward borderline personality disorder sufferers in Egypt
Authors: Abdelkarim A. , Radwan A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Awareness and knowledge about borderline personality disorder (BPD) is growing during the last decade in Egypt. Yet little is known about the attitude of mental health care providers toward BPD sufferers. Stigma and judgments among health care providers will affect the quality of services provided to these group of patients. Determining those judgments and pointing to the stigma between health care providers will help improving the quality of care to BPD sufferers.

Objectives

Our objective was to study the attitude of mental health care providers in Egypt toward patients with borderline personality disorder.

Methods

62 mental health care providers, with a majority of psychiatrists, working in Egypt completed the attitude to personality disorder questionnaire “APDQ” designed by Bowers et al. (1998). The questionnaire was disturbed through an online form and knowledge of English was mandatory as it was the language of the questionnaire.

Results

The 62 partcipants of which 74.2% were psychiatrists and 68.7% had more than 5 years experince had a total mean score of APDQ of 138.76. The total mean score of 47 psychiatrists was 137.21 which was significantly lower than the mean score of 15 clinical psychologists and counsellors which scored 146.87.

Conclusions

Whereas mental health care professionals in Egypt had generally positive attitude towards BPD patients, clinical psychologists and counsellors had significantly higher scores in comparison to psychiatrists.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The role of Effortful Control and the Dual Pathway Model in Childhood Obesity
Authors: Vervoort L. , Naets T.
Published: September 2022

Apart from other well-known psychological determinants of obesity, deficits in neuropsychological processes related to effortful control can be relevant predictors for weight problems and difficulties in weight loss. Deficits in top-down inhibition as well as in other processes such as strong bottom-up reactivity, like external eating, hinder resisting food temptations in an obesogenic environment, thus determining the risk for the development of overweight and obesity. Furthermore, these deficits are associated with less positive outcomes in weight loss interventions for subgroups of children and adolescents with severe obesity. Targeting those effortful control mechanisms underlying childhood obesity via cognitive behavioral techniques can facilitate behavioural change necessary to induce sustainable weight loss and weight control. In this presentation, I will present data on effortful control collected in a large sample of youngsters (n=572 participants, 51% boys, aged 7–19) with moderate to severe obesity. Results suggest that top-down inhibition and bottom-up external eating play a complex role in weight problems in certain subgroups of youngsters with obesity, stressing the importance of identifying subgroups for tailoring interventions. I will demonstrate a few science-based intervention techniques that have the potential to ameliorate effortful control capacities, and thus optimize treatment outcomes for those youngsters low in effortful control.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Value of psychological counseling for trainees exposed to the death of a patient in emergency and resuscitation departments
Authors: Betbout I. , Amemou B. , Ben Haouala A. , Ben Arbia Y. , Khadhrawi I. , Zaafrane F. , Mhalla A. , Gaha L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Trainee emergency and resuscitation technicians are not prepared during their academic training to deal with their psychological reactions to the death of a patient, we wanted to describe their feelings and understand the aggravating factors and highlight the need for intervention.

Objectives

Our study aims to describe the psychological reactions of traineesexposed to the death of a patient on the internship grounds and to demonstrate the usefulness of specific psychological counseling

Methods

It is a prospective interventional study carried out with 2nd and 3rd-year students of the emergency and resuscitation section, our collection was done using a self-administered questionnaire with a validated PDI scale before the training, and a satisfaction questionnaire with the same scale after the training.

Results

Our population isyoung, with an averageage of 20.05 years, and ispredominantlyfemale, with a sex ratio of 0.12. Eighty-seven percent of the population statedthatthey were not prepared to deal with their feelings about the death of a patient, and thiseventharmed the quality of care for 68% of the students. According to the scores of the PDI scale in pre-training 77.33% of the students are at risk of developing PTSD, this percentage decreases to 30.67% according to the same scale in post-training.

Conclusions

it is important to take into consideration the suffering of traineesexposed to traumaticevents such as the death of patients and to prepare them psychologically to deal with these situations

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The role of Effortful Control in Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Santens E. , Dom G. , Dierckx E. , Claes L.
Published: September 2022

Background and aim: Temperament and personality traits are important factors underlying the vulnerability for both initiation and continuation of addictive behaviors. In SUDs there is a high comorbidity with mood and anxiety disorders and personality disorders. As there is a growing interest in the possible transdiagnostic role of Effortful Control in both SUDs as in their comorbid disorders the current study therefore investigates the influence of reactive (Behavioral Inhibition System and Behavioral Activation System, BIS/BAS) and regulative (Effortful Control, EC) temperament and their interaction in relation to clinical symptomatology and PDs in adult inpatients with SUD. Methods: The EC, BIS/BAS, SCL-90-R and ADP-IV questionnaires were administered to 841 patients (age between 17 y and 71 y) with a SUD admitted at the treatment unit for addiction of a psychiatric hospital. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses showed that both, clinical symptomatology and PDs were related to low levels of effortful control (EC). Furthermore, cluster C PDs were related to high levels of BIS and low levels of EC; whereas cluster B PDs were related to low levels of EC and high levels of BAS for the narcissistic and histrionic PD. An interaction effect (BIS*EC) was found for the Schizotypal PD, all other interactions (BIS*EC and BAS*EC) were not significant. Discussion: We found that low EC is involved in all clinical symptomatology and PDs in a sample of inpatients with SUDs. Therapeutic interventions aiming at strengthening effortful control can possibly result in better treatment outcomes for both the addiction as the comorbid psychopathology

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
MDMA-Assisted Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) – One step further toward a patient-centered treatment pathway
Authors: Pratas Penedos S. , Freire M.J. , Fonseca I. , Franco A. , Ribeiro N. , Moreno L. , Magalhães M.M. , Afonso P.A. , Alves I.M. , Paulino L. , Ramos C. , Figueiredo M.M. , Madruga L. , Gamito A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

PTSD is a chronic, debilitating condition with limited treatment efficacy. Accessing traumatic memories often leads to overwhelming distress, impacting treatment process. Current approved pharmacological treatments have exhibited small to moderate effects when compared with placebo. Evidence suggests 3,4,-methylene-dioxymethamphetamine(MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy as a viable option for refractory PTSD.

Objectives

Comprehensive review of early clinical research, proposed mechanisms, safety and emerging therapeutic models.

Methods

Eligible studies will be identified through strategic search of MEDLINE.

Results

Pre-clinical and imaging studies suggest memory reconsolidation and fear extinction as candidate psychological and neurological mechanisms, involving MDMA’s combined effects of increasing serotonergic activity, as well the release of oxytocin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in key memory and emotional circuits. Resulting reduction in amygdala and insula activation and increasing connectivity between the amygdala and hippocampus may create a “tolerance window” of neuroplasticity for emotional engagement and reprocessing of traumatic memories during psychotherapy. Early clinical trials report impressive and durable reduction in PTSD symptoms, with a safety profile comparable to that of SSRIs. A recently completed randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial reported full remission of PTSD symptoms in 67% of patients at 2 months, with no increase in suicidality, cardiovascular events or abuse behavior. Emerging treatment models underline the importance of unmedicated therapeutic sessions for preparation for the experience and subsequent integration as essential for full benefit and safety of the clinical context.

Conclusions

The psychological impact associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is an reminder of the emotional and economic burden associated with PTSD. MDMA-assisted therapy may be a breakthrough approach meriting further multidisciplinary investment and clinical research.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Quality of life in midwives after post-traumatic stress disorders
Authors: Sellami I. , Feki A. , Masmoudi R. , Hammami K. , Masmoudi J. , Masmoudi M.L. , Hajjaji M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Post-traumatic stress disorder frequently alters the quality of life.

Objectives

Assess the quality of life in midwives who have post-traumatic stress disorder.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among midwives in a single university hospital centre using a self-administered questionnaire. We screened post-traumatic stress disorder using the Impact of event scale and the quality of life using 5 items Likert scale.

Results

Our response rate was 82%. Out of 42 midwives who answered us, 18 had post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (42.8%). They were all female. Their mean age was 45.6± 10.3 years. The traumatic event occurred mainly at work and was related to the death of a mother or a baby. Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were severe in 5 midwives. The quality of life was altered in 38.8% of participants. Both post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and alteration of the quality of life were more frequent in patients who don’t have leisure activities.

Conclusions

In conclusion, midwives are vulnerable to developing post-traumatic stress disorder. Encouraging sports and other leisure activities may protect them from having severe repercussions on their life.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Risk factors and prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder in Intensive Care Unit patients
Authors: Caldas I. , Vieira S. , Vidó I.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with exposure to an actual death or serious injury threatening event , as is the example of an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patient, and it is characterized by dissociative, avoidance, cognitive and mood symptoms. (1) It is known that ICU patients may develop PTSD with an incidence rate of 10%. (2)

Objectives

Comprehend the correlation between PTSD development and ICU care and its risk factors and ways of prevention.

Methods

The authors conducted a literature review by searching the Pubmed database using the keywords PTSD; ICU; Risk Factors; Prevention.

Results

The studies show that the risk factors are associated to: Intensive care like mechanic ventilation, sedation (like using midazolam, lorazepam or opioid); individual’s characteristics like being younger than 50 years old, personal history of depression, feminine gender and lower levels of cortisol, and experiencing cognitive alterations, as hallucinations, delirium, amnesia and delirant memory, or anxiety while under ICU care. (1,3,4,5) As a form of prevention non pharmacological measures are the most consensual. Pharmacologic hypothesis should be applied in the first 6 hours of trauma and could be hydrocortisone, as it is thought to be a protective factor for memory consolidation, but the conclusions are not consistent.(6)

Conclusions

There are a lot of people that develop PTSD in the ICU context who are not diagnosed and therefore not treated. In this way, it is necessary to identify the patients with more risk factors, apply the non-pharmacological measures and evaluate the person after discharge.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Genetic and epigenetic variations in BDNF gene involved in Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Ramoz N. , Maussion G. , Clarke J. , Gorwood P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a chronic psychiatric disorder resulting from abnormal eating habits with a high prevalence (0.5%). AN involves genetic and epigenetic factors supporting that AN is a metabo-psychiatric disorder. One candidate gene for AN, validated by meta-analyzes, is BDNF which encodes the brain-derived neurotrophic factor. BDNF negatively modulates the central control of food intake and its injection in rodents induces weight loss and anorexia. In humans, we observed an association of its functional variant Val66Met/rs6265 and electrodermal response to images of thinness suggesting an association between rs6265 and a reward effect of weight loss in AN.

Objectives

This work study the impact of the functional polymorphism at risk rs6265, epigenetic variations in DNA methylation of BDNF gene and consequences on the concentrations of BDNF in AN patients.

Methods

DNA was isolated from 24 AN patients and 48 controls. DNA methylation was measured for sites spanning the BDNF gene using Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip technology. The genotyping of rs6265 was performed by Taqman-SNP assay. The BDNF was dosaged by ELISA from plasmas.

Results

We observe that several sites are significantly hypermethylated in AN patients compared to controls. AN patients show significantly higher BDNF levels than controls. Finally, this BDNF concentration is significantly higher in AN carrying the risk Met66 allele.

Conclusions

This work demonstrates the effects of genetic and epigenetic variations of BDNF, which could constitute relevant diagnostic biomarkers of AN, and their likely consequences in the pathophysiology of AN. This work was supported by the Nestlé Foundation.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Neurodevelopmental continuum and pathogenic CNV detection in adult onset psychiatric disorders: microarray analysis in psychiatric clinical practice
Authors: Ruiz De Pellón Santamaría Á.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Structural variations of DNA, such as copy number variations (CNVs), are important contributors to risk for human diseases. Several CNVs have been associated with an increased risk of early-onset neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), adult-onset psychiatry disorders and physical comorbidities. While in Pediatrics the microarray is the first-line genetic analysis technique in the study of child onset NDD, its use in psychiatry care of young/adult onset NDD has been limited to research purposes.

Objectives

Review of the diagnostic yield of the use of microarrays analysis in psychiatric clinical practice of severe mental disorder care in adults, according to the concept of a neurodevelopmental continuum.

Methods

An exploratory literature review on the topic in PubMed, including the terms: “copy number variants/CNVs” AND “neurodevelopmental delay/disorders, congenital anomalies/malformations, ADHD, autism/ASD, learning disabilities, epilepsy, Tourette, schizophrenia, bipolar, behaviour”.

Results

The prevalence of carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic CNVs among the different NDD phenotypes investigated by microarray analysis ranged from 3-22.5%. The majority of studies in adult psychiatric populations examined schizophrenia. Intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, dysmorphic features and multiple NDD/psychiatric diagnoses were described as predictors of an increased diagnostic yield of microarray testing.

Conclusions

While CNV testing is frequent in early-onset NDD; microarray analysis has not been established in psychiatric clinical practice despite the evidence of a high prevalence of findings in adult-onset NDD. The potential benefits in the detection of CNV are associated with physical comorbidities detection, understanding of pathogenesis of disease or genetic counseling. High-quality research designs are required before a routine clinical use.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Can We Pick the Pocket of Post-Intensive Care Syndrome?
Authors: Philbrick K. , Bieber E. , Karnatovskaia L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Post-intensive care syndrome, which includes symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress, afflicts one-third of critical illness survivors. Symptoms persist and significantly degrade quality of life. No intervention has earned clear evidence of reducing these adverse psychological sequelae. Building on earlier pilot data, psychological support based on positive suggestions (PSBPS), is being investigated in an ongoing, randomized, controlled prospective trial across multiple intensive care unit (ICU) settings in a large, tertiary medical center.

Objectives

Recognizing that even sedated patients perceive and internalize communication, we share lessons learned thus far in the art of engaging with sedated, often unresponsive patients.

Methods

Our presentation describes this NIH-funded PSBPS study, including the preparatory training and subsequent implementation of a structured script delivered daily to ICU patients, regardless of cognitive status or ability to respond. To interfere with the initial process of fear conditioning/negative memory formation, we introduce mitigating information about potentially traumatic events during the temporal window when initial memory consolidation occurs, reframing the alien, often frightening ICU environment while providing positive suggestions of safety and healing.

Results

Psychiatrists characteristically engage alert, communicative patients. Unfortunately, when meaningful cognitive exchange is impossible, further effort is often limited. By contrast, choosing to engage ventilated, sedated patients with active re-interpretation is a novel enterprise. We share technique and lessons learned from the first two years.

Conclusions

Consultation psychiatrists are uniquely situated to explore with our critical care colleagues how best to mitigate the corrosive psychological consequences of intensive care and improve the future of ICU survivors.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clinical high-risk criteria of psychosis in 8-
to 17-year-old community subjects and inpatients not suspected to develop psychosis: not pluripotential or transdiagnostic
Authors: Schultze-Lutter F. , Michel C. , Franscini M. , Traber-Walker N. , Walger P. , Schimmelmann B.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Based on high rates of non-converters to psychosis, especially in children and adolescents, it was suggested that CHR criteria were (1) pluripotential, (2) a transdiagnostic risk factor, or (3) simply a severity marker of mental disorders rather than specifically psychosis-predictive. If any of these three alternative explanatory models were true, their prevalence should differ between persons with and without mental disorders, and their severity should be associated with functional impairment as a measure of severity.

Objectives

To compare the prevalence and severity of CHR criteria/symptoms in children and adolescents of the community and inpatients.

Methods

We compared CHR criteria/symptoms in 8-17-year-olds of the community and of inpatients not clinically suspected to develop psychosis.

Results

The 7.3%-prevalence rate of CHR criteria in community subjects did not differ significantly from the 9.5%-rate in inpatients. Frequency/severity of CHR criteria never differed between the community and the four inpatient groups, while the frequency and severity of CHR symptoms differed only minimally. Group differences were found in only four CHR symptoms: suspiciousness/persecutory ideas of the SIPS, and thought pressure, derealization and visual perception disturbances of the SPI-CY. These were consistent with a transdiagnostic risk factor or dimension, i.e., displayed higher frequency and severity in inpatients. Low functioning, however, was at most weakly related to the severity of CHR criteria/symptoms, with the highest, yet still weak correlation yielded for suspiciousness/persecutory ideas.

Conclusions

The lack of systematic differences between inpatients and community subjects does not support suggestions that CHR criteria/symptoms are pluripotential or transdiagnostic syndromes, or merely markers of symptom severity

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Reflexion as the Factor in Shaping Attitudes Towards Love and Sex at Adolescence
Authors: Alyeva M. , Sadovnikova T.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Вuilding psychologically close relationships with the partner is an important task of development in adolescence. Dysfunctional relationships is a source of stress, can lead to mental disorder. Reflection is a mental (rational) process aimed at analyzing, understanding, realizing oneself: one’s own actions, behavior, speech, experience, feelings, states; reflexion is a condition of orientation in interpersonal relations, formation of attitudes, perceptions, values, refinement and formation of self and partner image.

Objectives

The aim was to study the reflection role in of the romantic relationship attitudes formation at adolescence.

Methods

The techniques were completed by 84 students 17-21 age (M = 19.23; SD=1,21; M/F= 83.3 / 16.7 %) 1. Attitudes About Love and Sex by C. Hendrick and S. Hendrick (Ekimchik, 2007) 2. Differential Test of Reflection (Osin, Leontiev, 2014) 3. Reflexivity Questionnaire (Karpov, 2004).

Results

The dominant types of reflection are «Systemic reflection» and «Reflexivity of future activity» (A.V. Karpov), which correlates with age-related developmental tasks. «Reflexivity of communication and interaction with others» is found at a rather low level. Cluster analysis highlighted three groups of respondents with different types of reflection: «reflexive» (40 %), «dreamers» (36 %), «communicative» (24 %). The most pronounced types of love are Eros and Agape. There are significant differences in the expression of the love style in three groups of respondents (H-criterion Kraskel-Wallis).

Conclusions

Reflexion features are a factor in the formation of the cognitive-behavioral component of a love in adolescence. Optimal type of reflexion creates conditions for prevention of destructive relationships in youth.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Behavioral features in Williams Beuren syndrome: A Tunisian Cohort study
Authors: Bouayed Abdelmoula N. , Abid F. , Sellami S. , Abdelmoula B.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The low prevalence of some genetic neuro-developmental syndromes associated to psychiatric disorders requests to be integrated in human genome-phenome databases from which pleiotropy can be compiled from by systematic integration of phenotypes associated with genetic loci using phenomic inference tools. Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder related to elastin gene at 7q11.23. Anxiety, depression and attention problems are the main behavioral problems found in WBS with no gender differences. Significant differences between cohorts are reported in particular regarding somatic complaints and aggressive behavior.

Objectives

Here, we report a Tunisian cohort of WBS patients for whom clinical behavioral phenotypes as well as genetic features are detailed.

Methods

Sixteen patients from Sfax, Tunisia were referred for genetic assessment due to a suspected WBS syndrome.

Results

Genetic evaluation using fluorescent in situ hybridization confirmed 7q11.23 microdeletion in only eight patients. Comparison of detailed behavioral phenotypes revealed differences between age groups, gender groups and genetic groups. Anxiety and depression were recorded in the two older male patients and aggressive behavior was recorded in only two boys. The severity of behavioral features were dependent to familial environment and to parental socio-economic and educational levels.

Conclusions

A more complete understanding of phenomic space is critical for elucidating genome-phenome relationships mediating neurodevelopmental disorder associated to psychiatric diseases for assessing and managing psychiatric and behavioral risks in young syndromic children.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Premorbid of depressive youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis
Authors: Omelchenko M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Early detection of psychosis is a promising area in preventive psychiatry. The use of early intervention can prevent the first episode psychosis and improve outcomes.

Objectives

Identification of premorbid features of depressive patients at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) comparing with depressive patients without CHR in order to improve early recognition of the psychotic process.

Methods

219 young depressive in-patients with CHR criteria for SOPS with attenuated positive and attenuated negative symptoms and 52 young depressive in-patients without CHR were examined. Presence of obstetric complications, neurodevelopmental deviance, neurological and psychiatric signs at the premorbid stage, and the level of premorbid functioning on the PAS were examined.

Results

It has been established that depressive patients at CHR and without CHR had some obstetric complications (57.5% and 40.4%, respectively). Neurodevelopmental deviance in the first year of live was in 57.5% patients with CHR. At the age of 3-5 sleep disorders, ADHD and phobias were more common in patients at CHR than without it (58.8% and 32.7%, p=0.014). In pubertal, patients at CHR were more likely to show depression symptoms, obsessions, and aggression - 90.4% versus 76.9% (p=0.029). On the PAS scale, a decrease of the level of premorbid functioning has been observed in two groups of patients with and without CHR from the age of 12: from 12 to 15 years, 0.4 and 0.3 (p=0.004), from 16 to 18 years, 0.47 and 0.37 (p 0.001).

Conclusions

Premorbid functioning were worst in patients with CHR, which indicates the possibility of early clinical detection of psychosis.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Sustainability for humans and the humane from a pediatric point of view
Authors: Victorin Å.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

We need to live in harmony with our lifestyle rhythms to stay healthy. A problem in our time is that technical devices have no respect for rhythm.If we get caught up in the technique and start neglecting our natural body needs such as sleep, eat and exercise – it will affect our health negatively. Today, children have increasing problems with mental health. When analyzing the problem we find rhythmical problems, often associated to technology. Being a parent in our time is hard. Time has come for us to take active care of our natural rhythms, to stay healthy.

Objectives

Increasing mental health problems among the young is a global issue in the industrialized world. We see a connection between digitization, the intro of smartphones 2007 and the increase of anxiety, depression and melt downs in children who are left with to little adult guidance. Their screen time becomes to long leading to impaired health due to long sedentary time. The result is not enough physical activity, obesity, introversy because of lack of IRL social contact etc. The problems are well known but why don´t we talk more about them and help our children to deal with it?

Methods

Read any statistics about mental helath among the young in the industrialized countries.

Results

While studying the statistics in Sweden over time the results of the bad sustainability of living are clear.

Conclusions

The adult world needs a wake up call which I will give in my oral presentation. I will also present proposals of solution.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Differences of Psychopathology of Psychiatric Disorders in Adult Patients with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Musalek M.
Published: September 2022

Intellectual disability is a mental disorder which appears during the developmental period in childhood and continues life-long. It is characterized by intellectual deficits on the one side and maladaptive social functioning on the other. The intellectual deficits include problems in abstract and logic thinking, problem solving, reasoning, learning from experience and judging. The deficits in adaptive functioning appear in problems in social communication and participation as well as in mental overload phenomena caused by daily life activities. This overload often results in psychopathological features and psychosocial reactions which are usually observed in Burn-out-Syndromes as e.g. general exhaustion (depletion of primarily reduced mental resources), additional reduced efficacy (accompanied by feelings of insufficiency and poor self-esteem), and most typically feelings alienation (towards intrinsically familiar situations, towards relatives and friends and at least also against oneself
) typically accompanied by irritability and dysphoria. Treatment programs therefore should not only focus on intellectual deficits but should include also the multiple sufferings from psychopathological phenomena and psychosocial effects of such daily life overload syndromes.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Economic evidence of preventive interventions for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents – a systematic review
Authors: Vartiainen A.-K. , Kuvaja-Köllner V. , Rantsi M. , Rissanen E. , Luntamo T. , Kurki M. , Sourander A. , Kankaanpää E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Anxiety disorders are common in children and youth. Also, in prevention, be it universal, selective or indicated, economic evaluation supports decision-making in the allocation of scarce resources.

Objectives

This review identified and summarised the existing evidence of economic evaluations for the prevention of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted on the EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Cochrane and PubMed databases. We included studies that focused on children and adolescents under 18 years of age, aimed to prevent anxiety disorders, and presented an incremental analysis of costs and effectiveness. A registered checklist was used that assessed the quality of the included articles.

Results

The search yielded 1,697 articles. Five articles were included in this review. Three were RCT-based and two were model-based studies. Out of five included interventions, one was a universal school-based intervention, two selective interventions and two indicated interventions. Universal school-based prevention of anxiety was not cost-effective compared to usual teaching. Selective parent training and indicative child- and parent-focused CBT prevention were likely cost-effective compared to usual care or doing nothing.

Conclusions

Parent education and cognitive behaviour therapy interventions can be cautiously interpreted as being a cost-effective way of preventing anxiety in children and adolescents. However, the evidence is weak related to cost-effectiveness as there are only a few studies, with relatively small sample sizes and short follow-ups.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
An Anxious Heart: The Relation Between Cardiovascular Disease and Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms
Authors: De Sousa R. , Solis C. , Silva I. , Gonçalves R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease represent the leading cause of death worldwide, and is also responsible for the consumption of many medical resources, work absenteeism and worse Quality of Life. On the other hand, psychiatric diseases have recently gained more relevance worldwide as one of the principal causes of disability.

Objectives

Evaluate a possible relationship between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and anxious or depressive symptoms.

Methods

Observational and cross-sectional study in a non-probabilistic and convenience sample, composed by patients followed on five primary healthcare facilites, who voluntarily accepted to answer the questionnaire through an interview, between July 2020 and January 2021. After an informed consent, a questionnaire was carried out including sociodemographic characterization, presence of cardiovascular disease and/or cardiovascular risk factors and the Portuguese version of HADS. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed, using Mann-Whitney U test. A value of p<0,05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Sample of 179 people, 53,1% female, with an average age of 51,05 ± 22,02 years, in which 57,5% had one or more CVRF and 59,8% had CVD and/or CVFR and the most prevalent CVRF were hypertension (48%) and dyslipidemia (43,6%). There was a statistically significant relationship between diabetes and anxiety (p<0,05).

Conclusions

There was a greater prevalence of anxiety symptoms in people with diabetes compared to people without diabetes. This suggests the importance of giving attention to anxiety in patients with diabetes, given the relevance of this comorbidity in their quality of life. The main limitation of the study is related with the sample size.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychotic symptoms in the context of levodopa treatment in Parkinson’s Disease: clinical feature or iatrogenesis?
Authors: Costa M.L. , Cerame A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

We present the case of a 65-year-old woman who was prescribed levodopa by the Neurology department due to motor symptoms that were not clearly suggestive of a diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Before that, the patient had never showed any hallucinations or delusions. After years of increasing doses of levodopa, the diagnosis of PD was withdrawn. However, during the treatment the patient developed severe psychosis with severe impairment of social functioning. Levodopa is the most effective treatment for motor symptoms in PD. However, it might involve difficulties in dose-control and may present with deletereous complications and adverse effects.

Objectives

To analyse the incidence of pharmacological psychotic symptoms after levodopa treatment.

Methods

A case report is presented alongside a review of the available literature regarding psychotic symptoms in patients treated with levodopa.

Results

Hallucinations and delusions are prevalent symptoms of PD. Nonetheless, they could also be potential side-effects of levodopa treatment. When psychotic symptoms occur, they are commonly attributed to the natural course of the disease. Available evidence does not provide with clear guidelines to distinguish the iatrogenic syndrome from the one caused by the disease itself. Our patient, whose PD diagnosis was dismissed, presented extreme psychotic symptoms which disappeared after the discontinuation of levodopa treatment.

Conclusions

Levodopa is an effective treatment with important risks which must not be overlooked. Adverse effects of the drug could have been minimized by making an accurate differential diagnosis of PD. Individualized benefit-risk balance previous to prescription and a close follow-up should be standardized.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.