bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Методика расчета параметров взаимодействия судов с грунтом
Authors:   В.А. Кулеш, Фам Чунг Хиеп
Published: September 2021

Взаимодействия судов с грунтом могут быть аварийные и эксплуатационные. Аварии с посадкой судов на грунт чаще связаны с навигационными ошибками, характеризуются сравнительно высокими скоростями движения и значительными повреждениями корпусов, вплоть до переломов. Эксплуатационные взаимодействия судов с грунтом часто происходят при отсутствии поступательной скорости в процессе осушения из-за отливов в местах грузовых операций. В необходимых случаях суда сохраняют сравнительно небольшие скорости движения. Правила ряда классификационных обществ регламентируют уровень прочности корпусов таких судов и присваивают им соответствующие знаки в символе класса, например NAABSA. Однако, по нашему мнению, в методики анализа параметров безопасного взаимодействия судов с грунтом необходимо внести изменения. В частности, это касается учета и ограничения скоростей движения судов в момент контакта с грунтом для снижения усилий взаимодействия. В работе предложена авторская методика оценки параметров взаимодействия с грунтом движущегося судна в квазистатической постановке. Выполнен анализ влияния основных параметров. Отмечена возможность применения методики на стадии проектирования и в эксплуатации судов.

Ключевые слова: корпус судна, взаимодействие судна с грунтом, методика расчета параметров
Welfare in Russian regions and the prospects for anti-alcohol policy
Authors: SKOKOV Roman Yu.
Published: September 2021

Subject. This article studies the changes in the quality of human capital under the influence of expenditures on the consumption of alcoholic beverages.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the relationship between the Human Development Index and the expenditures of the population of Russian regions on the alcoholic beverage purchase.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of mathematical and statistical data analyses.
Results. The article identifies Russian regions with relatively high alcohol expenditures and low Human Development Index, as well as regions with high alcohol costs and relatively high and average Human Development Indices. The article proposes comprehensive measures to reduce alcohol consumption at the regional and municipal levels.
Conclusions. The Human Development Index can be an indicator of the potential use of addictive goods. In Russia, it is recommended to switch to the Nordic State monopoly marketing model for addictive goods.
Pension provision issues: The Perm Krai case study
Authors: SHALAEVА Lyudmila V.
Published: September 2021

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the optimization of the pension system.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the standard of pension provision of the population of the Perm Krai and justify the areas to improve the Krai's socio-economic development.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalization.
Results. The article assesses the standard of pension provision and justifies the need to increase it to improve the socio-economic living conditions of the population of the Perm Krai. As the main problem, the article identifies the loss of purchasing power of pension payments in conditions of inflation.
Conclusions. The identified problems of pension provision of the population of the Perm Krai as a whole correlate with the all-Russian practice, and they are a manifestation of an unreasonable strategy for the pension system's development and the specifics of the economy under conditions of inflation.
The textile and garment industries in the Russian regions: Spatial and econometric modeling
Authors: SKHVEDIANI Angi E. , KOZHINA Kseniya S.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article focuses of the industrial specialization of the Russian regions.
Objectives. We test the technique for analyzing the regional industrial specialization with econometric toolkit, referring to the textile and garment industries in Russia.
Methods. We conducted the econometric analysis, relying upon spatial panel data on the regional industrial specialization. We used localization coefficients of the metrics, such as revenue from sale of goods, average monthly pay of workers in the given industry, average headcount in the given industry and labor productivity.
Results. We discovered that there is a spatial correlation of labor productivity in the textile and garment industries. The localization of those employed in the textile and garment manufacturing has a negative correlation with labor productivity in the regions. We traced a positive correlation of labor productivity in the regions and the localization of workers’ wages.
Conclusions. The proven economic analysis technique helps identify and analyze correlations of regional industrial specialization indicators.
Health-care system's development in the regional eco-economic space
Authors: MEKUSH Galina E. , BARANOVA Alena P.
Published: September 2021

Subject. This article looks into the economic and environmental aspects of the public health system's development at the regional level.
Objectives. The article aims to reveal the trends of the impact of environmental and economic parameters of individual areas of the region on the population incidence rate.
Methods. For the study, we used a correlation analysis.
Results. The article determines a direct relationship between the environmental situation in the analyzed areas and their economic potential, emphasizing that a high economic potential of the area provokes a high anthropogenic load on it. However, there is no obvious dependence of cancer morbidity rate on the ecological state of the administrative territories.
Conclusions. Insufficient funding in certain territories can be a factor in the deterioration of the quality of human capital due to the low medical services availability level. Public-private partnership can be a way to attract additional sources of financing.
Pränatale Zeiten - Das Ungeborene und die Humanwissenschaften (1800-1950)
Authors: Arni Caroline
Published: September 2021

Im späten 19. Jahrhundert äußerten französische Psychiater eine alarmierende Vermutung : Bei Kindern, die während der preußischen Belagerung und der blutigen Revolten in Paris 1870 / 71 gezeugt worden waren, beobachteten sie gehäuft körperliche und psychische Anomalien. Das ließ aufhorchen: Konnte es sein, dass die turbulenten Ereignisse jener Jahre eine fatale Wirkung in der nachfolgenden Generation entfaltet hatten ?
Von dieser medizinhistorischen Episode ausgehend untersucht Caroline Arni die Geschichte der humanwissenschaftlichen Erforschung des Werdens von Menschen. Sie zeigt, wie Physiologen, Mediziner und Psychologen im 19. Jahrhundert das Ungeborene zum « Vorgeburtlichen » erklärten, wie sie im Leben des Fötus Ursprünge kindlicher Eigentümlichkeiten und Anfänge menschlicher Subjektivität suchten und wie sie im Körper der Schwangeren Vergangenheit und Zukunft der Gesellschaft miteinander verschränkten.
Training Program in Siwungkuk 01 Elementary School to Improve Skills Teaching
Authors: Hakim Muhamad Lutfi , Nurpratiwiningsih Laelia
Published: September 2021

In carrying out his professional duties, a teacher is obliged as follows. First, planning to learn, carrying out quality learning processes, and assessing and evaluating learning outcomes. Second, improving and developing academic qualifications and competencies on an ongoing basis in line with science, technology, and the arts. Third, act objectively and non-discriminatory based on consideration of particular gender, religion, ethnicity, race, physical condition, family background, and socioeconomic status of learners in learning. Fourth, they uphold the laws, laws, codes of conduct of teachers, and religious and ethical values. One way to obtain and develop the four competencies for prospective teachers is the Field Experience Program (PPL).

In general, the purpose of PPL is to condition (familiarize) students as candidates with all school life in real life. In particular, PPL aims to allow students to know, educate, train, and understand directly and carefully about the following. Know the physical environment, administration and school environment, and its discipline carefully. Owning and mastering essential learning. Able to carry out teaching skills on learning activities to be taught. Have a professional standard of teacher complementary. It shaped students' personalities as qualified educators and professionals, mastering and applying the principles of teaching science. The way for Guiding students towards the formation of a person is who has the value of knowledge and skills needed in the shape of proposed as an educational force.
Analisa Kandungan bahan organik Kecamatan Tenggarang, Bondowoso, Curahdami, Binakal dan Pakem untuk Penilaian Tingkat Kesuburan Tanah Sawah Kabupaten Bondowoso (2)
Authors: Irawan Triono Bambang , Soelaksini Liliek Dwi , Nusraisyah Anni
Published: September 2021

Salah satu indikator kualitas tanah adalah  kandungan bahan organik tanah, selain indikator yang lain seperti sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah.  Diambilnya bahan organik sebagai salah satu indikator yang perlu diperhatikan karena sifatnya yang sangat labil dan kandungannya berubah sangat cepat tergantung manajemen pengelolaan tanah.  Walaupun kandungan bahan organik tanah sangat sedikit yaitu 1 – 5% dari berat total tanah mineral, namun pengaruhnya terhadap sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah sangat besar. Manfaat bahan organik sudah teruji kehandalannya dalam memperbaiki kualitas tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (i) menetapkan letak pengambilan contoh tanah sawah untuk analisa kandungan bahan organik tanah sawah; (2) melakukan analisa kandungan bahan organik tanah dari sampel tanah sawah; (3) menginterpretasi hasil analisa kandungan bahan organik tanah tersebut sebagai bahan pertimbangan penambahan bahan organik di tanah sawah tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lima kecamatan Kabupaten Bondowoso selama enam bulan mulai bulan Juni 2020 sampai dengan Desember 2020. Jumlah sampel atau contoh yang akan dikerjakan pada kegiatan ini adalah sebanyak 75 buah yang tersebar di 5 kecamatan masing-masing tiga desa dan pada setiap desa diambil sebanyak 5 buah sampel tanah. Setiap lokasi pengambilan sampel tanah akan ditentukan posisi geografisnya dengan alat GPS (Global Position System). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rekomendasi penambahan bahan organik tanah sawah sebagai berikut : (i) Tingkat kesuburan tanah sawah kecamatan Tenggarang, Bondowoso, Pakem dari rendah sampai sedang dengan kebutuhan penambahan bahan organik sebanyak 20 – 50 ton / ha; (ii) Tingkat kesuburan tanah sawah kecamatan Curahdami dan Binakal sedang dengan kebutuhan penambahan bahan organik sebanyak 16 – 40 ton / ha.
Identifikasi Genetik Hasil Grafting Tanaman Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Lokal Menggunakan 8 Primer
Authors: Rohman Hanif Fatur , Azizah Maria
Published: September 2021

Grafting merupakan teknik perbanyakan vegetatif yang digunakan untuk mempertahankan karakter unggul durian dari batang atas dan batang bawah. Identifikasi genetik merupakan faktor utama untuk mengetahui apakah tanaman hasil perbanyakan okulasi mempunyai karakter utama dari tanaman induk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang keragaman genetik semai durian dari metode okulasi dan mendapatkan informasi primer terbaik yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi genetika durian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Bioteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Delapan primer yang digunakan adalah OPAI-15, OPB-08, OPAB-14, OPF-13, OPB-10, OPC-05, OPH-15, OPC-08 untuk mengidentifikasi 6 sampel (2 induk untuk batang atas dan batang bawah) dan 4 sampel. sampel dari okulasi bibit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 6 sampel dan 8 primer yang digunakan untuk identifikasi, sebagian besar sampel hasil perbanyakan cangkok menunjukkan karakteristik batang bawah daripada karakteristik batang bawah. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa 8 primer dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk identifikasi DNA tanaman durian.
Estrategias preventivas en relación a las conductas adictivas en adolescentes
Authors: Klimenko Olena , Plaza Guzmán Daniel Antonio , Bello Cardales Carolina , García González Jhon Jairo , Sánchez Espitia Nuris Del Carmen
Published: September 2021

Artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las estrategias preventivas en relación a las conductas adictivas en adolescentes, a partir de una metodología de enfoque cualitativo y método documental. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de documentos en español e inglés, relacionados con el objeto de estudio, en las bases de Scopus, Ebsco, Science Direct, Scielo, NDLTD, entre otros, mediante la técnica del “rastreo secuencial”. Se pudo concluir que la prevención temprana desde el área personal, familiar o comunitaria se presentan como alternativas viables para mantener alejado al adolescente de adicciones que causan daños irreparables en su comportamiento y convivencia. Así mismo, se le debe seguir apostando a las estrategias preventivas duraderas y estables en el tiempo con el fin generar impacto a largo plazo tanto en relación a adiciones químicas como comportamentales.
El papel de la familia en el desarrollo social del niño: una mirada desde la afectividad, la comunicación familiar y estilos de educación parental
Authors: Suárez Palacio Paula Andrea , Vélez Múnera Maribel
Published: September 2021

La familia es el primer espacio donde los niños se desarrollan socialmente a partir de un funcionamiento familiar determinado. El presente artículo de revisión se realizó con el objetivo de identificar elementos de las dinámicas familiares que contribuyen en el desarrollo social. Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo con método bibliográfico, identificando que las características de la afectividad, la comunicación familiar y los estilos de educación parental inciden en la formación de distintas habilidades psicosociales en los niños contribuyendo de esta forma a la educación de individuos con la capacidad de relacionarse con otros de una forma positiva.
Diferencias en los tipos y niveles de agresividad en adolescentes víctimas y no víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Morales Cardona Jennifer , Tamayo Lopera Diego Alfredo , Klimenko Olena , Hernández Calle Jonathan Andrés
Published: September 2021

Introducción: Colombia ha sido un país con numerosos precedentes de conflicto armado, el cual ha dejado grandes secuelas en las personas que han sido víctimas del mismo, como la disminución de condiciones económicas, sociales y culturales favorables, el desplazamiento, la violencia sexual y múltiples afecciones en la salud mental, tales como ansiedad, depresión, dificultades para establecer relaciones interpersonales, agresividad, entre otros. Esta última, es relevante puesto que, al ser experimentada por los jóvenes víctimas del conflicto armado, favorece conductas externalizadas, y en lugar de disminuir la problemática de violencia en el país, se sigue reproduciendo. Objetivo: Describir los niveles y tipos de agresividad en adolescentes entre 12 y 17 años, víctimas y no víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia, según sus condiciones socio-demográficas actuales. Método: Se tomó una muestra de 58 jóvenes entre 12 y 17 años; 22 víctimas y 36 no víctimas del conflicto armado, pertenecientes a la institución educativa CORVIDE. Se les pidió que respondieran el Test CAPI-A, (cuestionario de agresividad premeditada e impulsiva en adolescentes), diseñado por José Manuel Andreu (2010); y un breve cuestionario de autoría propia, que permitiría recolectar información sobre las condiciones sociodemográficas de los adolescentes y de sus vivencias relacionadas con el conflicto armado. Resultados: Dentro de los resultados más relevantes, se encontró que hay mayor prevalencia de los diferentes tipos de agresividad en el grupo de los jóvenes no víctimas en comparación con el grupo de víctimas.
Entorno familiar y crianza del menor Wayuü trabajador del basurero de Riohacha-Colombia
Authors: Redondo Mendoza Annabel , Pinto Pinto Belquis Emilia , Zabarain Cogollo Sara Josefina
Published: September 2021

El artículo presenta resultados de la investigación descriptiva transversal orientada a caracterizar el entorno familiar y prácticas de crianza en una muestra de las madres de los menores trabajadores del basurero de Riohacha- Guajira, Colombia. La población estuvo constituida por 11 madres de la etnia Wayuü que habitan alrededor del basurero y trabajan reciclando, incluyendo sus hijos. Se recolectó información mediante ficha sociodemográfica y encuesta sobre prácticas de crianza con validez interna y de contenido. Se concluye que el modelo de crianza está arraigado, heredado de la cultura ancestral wayuü, predominando el matriarcado. La madre se preocupa por la protección y el cuidado físico, pero no posee los conocimientos adecuados para la regulación afectiva de sus hijos.
Asertividad en practicantes de psicología de una institución colombiana de educación superior
Authors: Berrío García Nathaly , Toro Adarve Andrea
Published: September 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue describir los niveles de auto y heteroasertividad en universitarios según las variables sociodemográficas sexo, edad, campo de práctica, nivel de práctica y semestre en curso. Se aplicó el cuestionario ADCA-1 en 113 practicantes de psicología. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes obtuvieron puntajes altos en ambas variables dependientes. El promedio de los evaluados en la variable heteroasertividad fue mayor que en autoasertividad. Se discuten las conclusiones, y se brindan recomendaciones para investigaciones futuras.
Correspondencia entre la carrera cursada y resultados del test CHASIDE en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios del primer semestre
Authors: Tamayo Lopera Diego Alfredo , Céspedes Correa Ana María , López Restrepo Susana , Valencia Torres Mayra Yurani
Published: September 2021

Articulo presenta resultados de estudio orientado a determinar la correspondencia entre la carrera cursada por los estudiantes de primer semestre de la Institución Universitaria de Envigado (IUE) y los resultados obtenidos por medio del Test de Orientación Vocacional Chaside. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo y transversal. Se aplicó el Test de Orientación Vocacional Chaside y un cuestionario sociodemográfico a una muestra de 216 estudiantes pertenecientes a los programas tecnológicos y profesionales de la IUE. Según los resultados la correspondencia con respecto al interés por el programa académico cursado fue del 58.3% y con respecto a la aptitud fue del 44.4%. Se encontró que de todos los programas académicos que participaron en la investigación, únicamente a la mayoría de estudiantes de Administración de Negocios Internacionales les corresponde el interés y la aptitud con su carrera. Se concluye que alrededor de la mitad de los estudiantes de primer semestre de la IUE que participaron en la investigación no tienen claras las motivaciones vocacionales por las cuales eligieron el programa académico que cursan, misma proporción que no tiene conciencia de sus capacidades para enfrentar las demandas del programa académico elegido.
La actitud religiosa y su relación con las distorsiones cognitivas en una muestra de personas pertenecientes a la orientación religiosa de origen protestante
Authors: Klimenko Olena , Tamayo Lopera Diego Alfredo , Hernández Calle Jonathan Andrés , Hernández Estefanía , Valero Navarro Juliana , Ramírez Baena Katherine
Published: September 2021

El articulo presente resultados de estudio orientado a identificar la actitud religiosa y su relación con las distorsiones cognitivas en una muestra de personas que pertenecen a un culto religioso de origen protestante. Investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo y corte trasversal, empleo el Inventario de pensamientos automáticos de Ruiz y Lujan (1991) y la escala de Actitud religiosa de Orozco Domínguez (2914) en la muestra intencional de 50 persona pertenecientes a una congregación religiosa de Testigos de Jehová de área metropolitana de Medellín, Colombia.  Los resultados indican una alta actitud religiosa en la muestra del estudio, sin presentarse una correlación significativa estadísticamente con las distorsiones cognitivas evaluadas. Sin embargo, aunque no de forma concluyente, los resultados indican la presencia de algunos aspectos importantes como una tendencia hacia mayores puntajes en pensamiento polarizado, sobregeneralización, visión catastrófica, personalización, razonamiento emocional, falacia de razón y falacia de recompensa divina en el grupo con más alta actitud religiosa; al igual como una baja correlación de la actitud religiosa con la culpabilidad, indicando lo anterior, la importancia y la necesidad de continuar con estudios en esta línea con el fin de aproximarse a la comprensión del fenómeno de religiosidad y su relación con aspectos cognitivos del ser humano.
Procesos cognitivos en daño cerebral por infección
Authors: Ortiz Valencia Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

Concepto de procesos cognitivos se refiere a las capacidades intelectuales propias del ser humano, a la interacción mente cuerpo y/o mente entorno, para  entender el mundo desde la interacción recíproca y constante de percepción, lenguaje, toma de decisiones, memoria, y emociones. Pero la misma fragilidad humana nos hace proclives a padecer tanto el deterioro normal del envejecimiento, como el causado por agentes virales, bacterianos, parasitarios y fúngicos que alteran sin duda tales procesos. Objetivo: Conocer las características de la valoración de procesos cognitivos cuando hay daño o deterioro cerebral por infección. Metodología: Revisión descriptiva a través de EBSCO, NATURE – International Weekly Journal of Science-, OXFORD academic, PsycARTICLES American Psychological Asociation, Science Direct (Journals), SCOPUS, Google Scholar, Redalyc.Org. y Scielo para información no anterior al año 2014. Resultados: Se encontró que si bien los diferentes agentes patógenos pueden alterar la estructura celular del cerebro, y en consecuencia sus procesos cognitivos, este presenta una sensibilidad elevada a la inflamación provocada por virus; sin embargo, no se sabe mucho de cuanto podría deteriorarse alguna función cognitiva frente a infecciones virales comunes y aparentemente inocuas. Conclusiones: Se hace importante poder discernir el cuidado de las diferentes funciones cognitivas, tanto desde prácticas de estilos de vida saludable o prevención primaria como desde el uso de la tecnología computarizada que permite la optimización de la valoración neuropsicológica para las funciones cognitivas.
Significados de la adolescencia en los relatos de una muestra de adolescentes y sus padres en la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Correa-Ramírez Cristian , García-Quintero Clara Stella
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Describir los significados de los adolescentes y sus padres, pertenecientes a una muestra seleccionada en la ciudad de Medellín, en torno a la adolescencia. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con enfoque fenomenológico de tipo narrativo. Se realizaron 7 entrevistas con adolescentes y 7 con los padres. Resultados: La adolescencia es vista por los padres y adolescentes desde 4 dimensiones: los cambios, las búsquedas, ser dueño del mundo y la exploración. Conclusión: La adolescencia se concibe por los participantes del estudio como una época de transición, tensiones y retos que favorecen el proceso de individuación.
Percepción de la Imagen corporal en universitarios de la Ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Rincón Barreto Dubis Marcela , Suárez Martínez Carolina , Mesa Benítez Sara , Orozco Martínez Angie Carolina , López Botero Juan Diego , Marín Hoyos Juan David , Murillo Mosquera Ruth Daniris , Narvaez Roldan Sara Camila , Castaño Lezcano Juan Pablo , Navarrete María Camila
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es describir la percepción sobre la imagen corporal de universitarios de la ciudad de Medellín. Para ello, se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptivo con un diseño transversal y se contó con una muestra de 452 estudiantes (123 hombres y 329 mujeres) de las diferentes facultadas de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó a quienes se les aplicó el Cuestionario Multidimensional sobre la Imagen Corporal (MBSRQ) (Ribas, Botella y Benito, 2008) el cual evalúa 4 componentes de la imagen corporal: (1) importancia subjetiva de la corporalidad (ISC); conductas orientadas a mantener la forma física (COMF); (3) atractivo físico autoevaluado (AFA); y (4) cuidado del aspecto físico (CAF). Como principales resultados se encontró que las personas suelen considerar importante la realización de conductas para mantenerse en forma, pero esto no se relaciona con la valoración sobre el atractivo físico percibido. Así mismo, se evidenció que las personas que valoran positivamente el cuidado del aspecto físico, también le otorgan importancia a la corporalidad y al desarrollo de conductas que les permitan mantener adecuadamente su aspecto físico.
El rol de la neuropsicología y la interdisciplinariedad en la etiología y neurofuncionalidad del Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad
Authors: Ríos-Flórez Jorge Alexander , López-Gutiérrez Claudia Rocío
Published: September 2021

El déficit de atención con hiperactividad es un trastorno caracterizado por la desatención y desinhibición conductual; así, puede tomar predominio desatento, hiperactivo-impulsivo y combinado o mixto, siendo la última la más frecuente. Son suficientes los estudios que confirman la presencia de signos biológicos en dicho síndrome, los genes transportadores y receptores de dopamina son los más implicados, igualmente se toma en cuenta el factor de heredabilidad. Para su diagnóstico se requiere exámenes neurológicos, así como la aplicación de pruebas neuropsicológicas y la utilización de otros métodos en psicología. En cuanto a la neuropsicología del TDAH en general, se presentan alteraciones en la atención selectiva y sostenida, en las funciones ejecutivas y en la memoria, con diferencias en los predominios. El déficit de atención con hiperactividad es de inicio temprano, y en algunos casos, persiste en la edad adulta, aunque con distintas manifestaciones. Por las áreas afectadas, el tratamiento para pacientes con TDAH debe ser multimodal, en la que se integre intervenciones neuropsicológicas, farmacológicas, psicosociales y psicopedagógicas, con el acompañamiento de sus familiares. Debe destacarse la intervención con programas de neuropsicología orientados a minimizar los compromisos funcionales de la actividad cerebral derivados del síndrome, abordándose de esta manera y no como un cuadro conductual de tipo trastorno.
The Pediatric Residency journal and the dissemination of information in times of COVID-19
Authors: Bruno Bruna , Santos Marilene , Martes Leonardo , Sant’Anna Clemax , Galvão Marcia
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVES: To present the procedure adopted by the PR journal on providing quick and agile visualization of the content of articles on COVID-19, sent and accepted for publication, immediately after being approved by the reviewers. METHODS: Preparation of a copy specially focused on COVID-19 themes, with the establishment of a priority flow to speed up the peer reviews of the submitted manuscripts. RESULTS: Readers benefit from the opportunity to read relevant topics in advance, which will still require a certain amount of time to be made available, given the routine of the entire publishing process. CONCLUSIONS: A simple initiative, such as the “pre-publication visualization”, may serve as a stimulus for other open access journals to follow this simplified model, expanding the communication network between researchers.
Cutaneous manifestations in a patient with temporarily associated pediatric multisystemic inflammatory syndrome with COVID-19: case report
Authors: Oliveira Alessandra , Pádua Kamilla , Alves Maria Carolina , Silva Glaucia , Paula Fernando , Albuquerque Wânia , Silva Bruna
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVES: To describe the cutaneous manifestations presented by a patient with pediatric multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) temporarily associated with SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: Female patient, 10 years old, presenting arthralgia in the wrists and ankles, edema in hands and feet, persistent fever, appearance of diffuse, and itchy maculopapular rash associated with odynophagia and productive cough. Evolution of the rash to violaceous lesions on the face, trunk and limbs (upper and lower), in addition to the appearance of vesicles on the face, within 48 hours. CBC suggestive of an infectious condition, with CRP 307mg/L (insert reference value) and ESR 61mm. RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 positive. RESULTS: Diagnosis of pediatric multisystemic inflammatory syndrome temporarily associated with SARS-CoV2. Transferred to ICU for monitoring and intravenous human immunoglobulin initiated. Good evolution, with the disappearance of injuries and discharge with outpatient follow-up. CONCLUSION: MIS-C has several dermatological manifestations and pediatricians must be attentive to the diagnosis, not limited to a specific presentation. In this case report, the importance of referral to tertiary referral centers for better case management and timely recognition of the syndrome in these patients is emphasized.
COVID-19 in pediatrics: case report with many complications and a good clinical outcome
Authors: Gaspar Arianne , João Paulo , Kuzma Gabriela , Floriani Idilla , Amancio Luana
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infectious disease that caused the emergence of the new serious global pandemic. The infection in children is much less prevalent than in adults and most cases are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Severe cases represent less than 1% of the total, therefore information about the disease in this age group is scarce compared to data in older individuals. We exposed a case of a 16-year-old male adolescent with a previous diagnosis of myelomeningocele, hydrocephalus with peritoneal ventricle bypass (PVB), recurrent urinary tract infection, epilepsy, and obesity. The patient presented cough and convulsive crises, which worsened during hospitalization with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to SARS-CoV-2, septic shock, and cardiorespiratory arrest and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for 9 days was required. Also presented several other complications and factors of critical prognosis, such as elevated inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, D-dimer), elevated cardiac troponin, and the necessity of renal replacement therapy. Nevertheless, the clinical outcome was satisfactory and he was discharged after a 40-day stay in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.
Back to School in the context of a pandemic - a challenge and several aspects
Authors: Lima Eduardo , Oliveira Matheus
Published: September 2021

OBJETIVES: The school reopening, in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic, has worried parents, guardians, and health professionals. This review aims to highlight the different aspects involved in the opening or not of schools, in addition to highlighting successful and unsuccessful experiences by other countries that have chosen to open schools. METHODS: Descriptive study of literature review. RESULTS: The pediatric population presents an epidemiological behavior different from other respiratory viral infections, such as those caused by the influenza virus and in this pandemic children are not part of the COVID-19 risk group. Schools must reopen if the location in question complies with well-defined infection control by COVID-19. Successful international experiences, at school reopening, were those that adopted a restriction on the number of students per room, adequate hygiene measures in addition to use of external areas, for some activities and rooms with open windows and adequate ventilation. It is also noteworthy that the delay in school opening accentuates the social inequalities that already exist, interfering not only in the social context but also in the children’s psychic context. CONCLUSIONS: At this moment, the most important thing is to use the best scientific evidences to guide actions to combat the pandemic, including returning to classes in a safe and planned manner, adapting them to our peculiar Brazilian reality.
Pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 infection: is there an association?
Authors: Yafi Michael , Donate Priscille , Rubio Nunilo , Velez Michelle , Shah Avni
Published: September 2021

A recent study from the UK, has described an apparent increase in new type 1 diabetes (T1DM) onset in children during COVID-19 pandemic. Both Brazil and USA (including our area of Houston, TX) have recently suffered from a sudden surge of this infection and we have noticed an association between the infection and 2 new cases of pediatric diabetes presenting in diabetes ketoacidosis. This association may become important in the future if the epidemiological data of T1DM shows an increased trend post the COVID-19 infection. It is also important to note that one patient was asymptomatic, this may be important to consider early screening and diagnosis to prevent the spread of infection.
НАПРЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ СИСТЕМИ БУХГАЛТЕРСЬКОГО ОБЛІКУ В УМОВАХ ДІДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЇ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Pylevych Dmytro
Published: September 2021

The influence of the processes of digitization of the national economy on the accounting system is analyzed. The key trends in the introduction of information technologies into the activity of Ukrainian enterprises are analyzed. The basic directions of development of the accounting system in the age of digitization are identified in the article. The author emphasizes on actualization in the conditions of economic digitization, activities on improvement of accounting of enterprises’ capital expenditures in objects of intellectual property, and accounting and analytical support of R&D commercialization. It is established that the digitalization of accounting can be accompanied by a number of threats and risks. Implementation of the author’s suggestions on improvement of the accounting system will increase its adaptability to the challenges of the national economy digitalization and, to organize the operative movement of information, its professional analysis and evaluation.
ФАКТОРИ ТА ПЕРЕДУМОВИ РОЗВИТКУ FINTECH ІННОВАЦІЙ У НАЦІОНАЛЬНІЙ ЕКОНОМІЦІ
Authors: Rubanov Pavlo
Published: September 2021

The article summarizes and systematizes the approaches of domestic and foreign researchers to determine the factors and prerequisites for the development of FinTech innovations in the national economy. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, the author proposes to identify technological development as the main prerequisite and basis for the development of FinTech innovations, and the global financial crisis of 2008 as the trigger for the transformation of the financial sector and its dynamic digitization. The factors that contributed to the diffusion of technological innovations in the financial sector are classified into three groups: factors of change in consumer demand, factors of crisis of traditional banking and factors of regulatory nature
Socrates’ “Swan Song” in Plato’s Phaedo. Socrates' “Secret Doctrine” about Death and Eternity
Authors: Pawłowski Kazimierz
Published: September 2021

In the Phaedo Plato describes Socrates’ final moments, just before his death. The statements he then makes can be treated as his philosophical creed. Socrates compares his own words to a swan song sung by the creature right before its approaching death and reminds his listeners of the swans’ prophetic gift. It can be said that in his final hour Socrates, just like Apollo’s swan, sings a song about the immortality of the human soul. Socrates refers to the Orphic “secret doctrine” (although he does not mention their name directly), revealing his thoughts on his own fate after death.
Language and laughter in the treatise of Philo of Alexandria The worse attacks the better
Authors: Prikhodko Maksim
Published: September 2021

The present paper investigates the interaction between Logos and language in the treatise of Philo of Alexandria "The Worse attacks the Better". Language is regarded by Philo as the actualization of thought in its articulated expression, as the initial moment of creativity. The source of such action is the divine Logos, but the development of thought in the word happens in two opposite directions: one leads to joy, while the other, to suffering. The starting point of this separation is the initial orientation (love) of the mind to God or to self. In the first case, the mind in the act of utterance (expression) overcomes its own isolation. It comes into contact with the divine Logos and achieves joy. The crucial moment of this "leaving the brackets" of self individual thinking towards the light of the divine Logos is laughter. In another case, when the mind does not link words with their source, false creativity is produced, leading to suffering. Аpplying the concept of laughter to the doctrine of Logos and language, Philo reconciles the ideal plan of conceiving truth and its interpretation with the real functioning of the human mind and speech.
Xenophanes and the Pythagoreans (D.L. IX, 20 = 21 A 1 DK)
Authors: Egorochkin Mikhail V.
Published: September 2021

According to Diogenes Laertius’ Lives of Eminent Philosophers, Xenophanes of Colophon, poet and philosopher of the 6th–5th centuries BC, was sold into slavery by the Pythagoreans Parmeniscus and Orestades (D.L. IX, 20 = 21 A 1 DK). This testimony has long been a source of concern to Hellenists, taking into account the high reputation that Pythagoras and his school gained in the history of European culture and philosophy. The paper provides a critical review of all the proposed corrections to the fragment in question. In the first part it considers conjectures and emendations made by the editors and translators Diogenes Laertius’ text since the Renaissance. Particular attention is paid to Ambrogio Traversari (1386–1439), the first translator of the Vitae philosophorum, whose translation already reveals a reluctance to follow the literal meaning of the testimony. The second part of the paper examines the restoration of the text proposed by Hermann Diels, which is still the most influential. The third part discusses the position of some modern scholars who, while refusing to correct the text of Diogenes Laertius, continue to suspect him to be mistaken. As a result, the paper shows that all corrections of Diogenes’ testimony, according to which Xenophanes was sold into slavery by the Pythagoreans, are vulnerable to criticism, and that consequently its literal reading may be correct.
In Search of the Heraclitean Logos
Authors: Kocherov Sergey
Published: September 2021

The paper attempts to clarify the essence of logos as found in the teaching of Heraclitus. The author identifies meanings which Heraclitus attributes to the concept, investigates his suggested method of cognizing logos, and analyzes the benefits bestowed upon a human being by comprehension of logos. It is hypothesized that the Heraclitean logos is not an originating principle, like a supreme god or cosmic fire, but its attribute – the verbalized intelligence of being inherent both in the world as a whole and one’s soul. As a mental-verbal projection, logos is open not to the sensory organs or even reason, but to the intellectual intuition. Therefore, the knowledge of logos cannot be taught, but can be obtained through self-cognition. Comprehension of logos leads to following the universal, which, in polity’s life, is equal to the common good. However, according to Heraclitus, this is something attainable only by wise and virtuous, “the best”, not by wicked and ignorant majority.
Eurytus as a Disciple of Philolaus
Authors: Lečić Nikola D.
Published: September 2021

In this article we analyse the teaching of one of the last Early Pythagoreans, Eurytus of Tarentum – which is known to us through his performance of «defining» a thing with the number of pebbles needed to draw its silhouette — by comparing it with the philosophy of his teacher, Philolaus of Croton. We strive to find signs of Philolaus' ideas in Eurytus' practice. Our quest focuses on Philolaus' teaching on first principles, harmony, generation of cosmos, knowability, number and musical intervals. Our principal goal is a separation of these fifth-century concepts from misrepresentations which arose due to intense practice of retelling and reinterpretation of Early Pythagorean thought during the following centuries; specifically, we emphasise the impossibility of an abstract notion of number in Early Pythagoreanism. We conclude that the structure of Eurytus' demonstrations correctly expresses all fundamental aspects of Philolaus' philosophy and thus gives us a trustworthy representation of genuine Early Pythagorean thought.
The Moral aspect of the phenomenon of populism in the politics of the late Roman Republic
Authors: Derzhivitskij Evgenij , Perov Vadim , Polozhentsev Andrey
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the emergence and development of populism in the political struggle of the late Roman Republic. It focuses on the purely Roman nature of this phenomenon, which distinguishes it from ancient Greek demagogy, and highlights the basic principles and goals to which populist politicians appealed. The authors show that in its original meaning populism was a way of ensuring the participation of the people in politics. Despite all the ambiguity of this phenomenon, a conclusion is made about the objective regularity of the emergence of populism and about its high significance in the conditions of the social, economic and political transformation of the late Roman Republic. In addition, populism can be viewed as a marker of the existence of democratic politics, which presupposes the presence of civic virtues, both among citizens and among politicians, as well as the active participation of the people in political life.
The formation of the ontological concept of the “status of things” in the beginning of the 16th – the first half of the 17th centuries Jesuit metaphysics and theology
Authors: Ivanov Vitaly
Published: September 2021

This article is a study of a new type of metaphysics that arose within the tradition of scholastic philosophy and theology of the Jesuits by the middle of the 17th century. The article describes the opposition of the traditional and new understanding of scholastic metaphysics on the example of Fr. Suárez and S. Izquierdo. The formation of the ontological concept of "status of things" is identified as one of the key conditions and signs of this transformation of metaphysics. First, the formation of this concept is explored in the scholastic tradition preceding Izquierdo, namely in Fonseca, Suárez, Hurtado de Mendoza and Fabri, as a history of shifts in meaning and of the emergence of new contexts in which the term "status" was used. Second, we describe the systematic context of the doctrine of the status rerum in the universal theory of objects of human thought in Izquierdo's Pharus scientiarum (1659). Thirdly, we explicate the very concept of the status of a thing in the first philosophy of Izquierdo, its necessary connection with the concept of the objective truth of a thing, and also show the special significance of the first "quidditative status of things" as a whole set of objective truths underlying all demonstrative human sciences. Finally, the article points out that one of the essential features of Izquierdo's new metaphysics is the strengthening of the methodological nature of the universal science recorded in his treatise in comparison with the traditional Jesuit prototype in Suárez.
Platonic tradition and Early Modern theory of epidemics
Authors: Guryanov Ilya G.
Published: September 2021

Most of the studies on the history of medicine, pay special attention to how the plague epidemics in 14th–16th centuries had changed the medical theory and practice. In the medical discourse, those epidemics helped to shape the “epistemology of particulars (particularia)” which contrast with the scholastic epistemology dealing with the search of universal causes. Marsilio Ficino, one of the most influential natural philosophers of the Renaissance, combines scholastic medicine and philosophy of ancient authors in order to develop his theory of epidemics in the treatises Consilio contra la pestilentia and De vita. He identifies the external and internal causes of plague and describes ways to combat the disease. The external cause is the constellations of planets which cause putrid exhalation in certain territories that is an example of conventional scholastic epistemology dealing with mass diseases. The internal cause is identified with the inability of the body to resist the disease “from within”. The main focus of my paper is the argument that, according to Ficino, philosophers have a special ability to resist disease “from within”. The figure of Socrates and his ability to withstand the Plague of Athens allows Ficino to formulate a new take on epidemics which falls within the scope of “epistemology of particulars”. From the historical point of view, the novelty of my approach comes from the fact that I trace the source of Ficino’s knowledge about Socrates’ disease resistance ability to Noct. Att. 2.1. of Aulus Gellius. Ficino’s natural philosophy suggests that a philosopher from their very birth is “by nature” predisposed to philosophical contemplation, therefore the realization of their vital destination through multiple sympathetic connections affects all levels of the universe. Ficino’s doctrine has a social and political dimension since a philosopher (i.e. a platonist), attracting positive astral influences, levels the effect of negative “heavenly” causes of mass diseases and thus benefits all people around him. Thus, the practice of philosophy (i.e. Platonism in Ficino’s interpretation) during epidemics is not simply a form of leisure time or private activity for a philosopher but a form of concern for public health. The paper also offers a commented Russian translation of chapters 1–2, with the Proem, of Ficino’s treatise Consilio contra la pestilentia.
Notes on the history of ancient classicism
Authors: Kolesnikov Ilya
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the genesis of classicism in the Antiquity. At first, we give a brief retrospective review of the concept of “classic” until to the Renaissance, then the emergence on this concept in Aulus Gellius and Cicero. Further, we present a retrospective history of the classical tendency on the example of the disputes between Asians and Atticists, neoterics and lovers of old poetry, and in the ancient attitude towards the plastic arts. Hereafter the article focuses on the Hellenistic poets and philologists and, finally, we trace the origin of the classical tendency in the classical age – particularly, the creation of lists of «selected writers», the development of artistic canons and the relationship between classicism in arts and the pursuit of the old and «good» mores.
Moral prescriptions and lawful actions: interpretation of Aristotle arguments in Hare’s meta-ethics
Authors: Didikin Anton
Published: September 2021

The paper interprets the arguments of Aristotle, which characterize his ethical theory and had a significant impact on the moral theory of R. Hare. The author reveals the conceptual foundations of R. Hare's understanding of the nature of moral prescriptions and the ways of their expression in the moral language, and the controversial issues of his interpretation of the content of moral principles and other ethical concepts. The author comes to the conclusion that R. Hare's reinterpretation of the grounds for committing ethically significant actions leads him to formulate moral imperatives in the context of the method of linguistic analysis, which brings ethical theory to the meta-level.