bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Authors:   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez., Ouchicha I. , Abid H. ,   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez., Bahja S. ,   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez., Lamine A. ,   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez., Lahlali M. ,   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez., Lahmidani N. ,   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez., Elyousfi M. ,   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez., Benajah Da. ,   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez., Ibrahimi A. ,   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez., Elabkari M. ,   Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of CHU Hassan II Fez. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez.
Published: April 2022

Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represented by Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are at higher risk for thromboembolic complications (CTE) which are a major cause of morbidity. They are attributed to a pre-thrombotic state induced by the inflammatory activity of this disease. The thrombotic risk inpatients with IBD is underestimated and thromboprophylaxisis not widely implemented in the clinical practice. Many studies on thromboembolism in the IBD populationhave already been carried out, however the precisepathogenesis is still poorly understood. The aim of our study is to determine the prevalence, risk factors and clinical aspects of thrombosis during IBD.
POST OPERATIVE OUTCOME BY DIFFERENT SURGICAL PROCEDURES IN FISTULA IN ANO
Authors:   Associate Professor., Bijit Gogoi , Anadi S. Tasa ,   Assistant Professor., Bimal Mazumdar ,   Post Graduate Trainee., Hemendra Chandra Nath ,   Associate Professor., Atul Chandra Baro ,   Professor, Department of Surgery, Jorhat Medical College, Jorhat and Assam.
Published: April 2022

Background:Fistula-in-ano is a commonly encountered clinical entity affecting the perineal region in patients which causes significant embaressment to the patient and affects their routine day to day life. This study was undertaken to study the clinical presentation, various surgical modalities of treatment and its outcome, post-operative recovery and recurrence. Methods: 30 patients between the ages of 15 to 65 years who fulfilled the study criteria and admitted to Surgery ward, JMCH between June 2020 and May 2021 were part of the study. Results: The mean age of presentation in our study was 35.2Â±11.32 years and males (83.3%) were more affected.56.7 % of the patients had a previous history ofperianal abscess.Perianal discharge was the most frequent presenting complaint (86.7%). Urine retention (UR)was the most common early post operative complaint in our study. (4 patients) (13.33%). In our study, Post operative Pain was least in Seton group (3.0) followed by LIFT procedure (3.25) using a visual analog scale (VAS). Shortest mean healing time (HT) and duration of hospital staywas in LIFT procedure (25.0 days) and (4.0 days) respectively.3 patients (10%) out of 30 patients had recurrence in our study. There was no incontinence reported in the study. Conclusion: Incidence of fistula in ano is more in males at their 3rd and 4th decade of life with a previous history of perianal abscess. Urinary retention is a common post operative complication following fistula surgery. Recurrence is also an expected complication following fistula surgery. LIFT procedure is associated with lesser post operative pain and early discharge from hospital.
LAPAROSCOPIC EXPLORATION OF COMMON BILE DUCT WITH PRIMARY CLOSURE VERSUS T-TUBE DRAINAGE
Authors:   Specialist Registrar ST7 General & Colorectal Surgery Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust., Osman Muhammad , Iftikhar Muhammad ,   Assistant ProfessorGeneral Surgery Department Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Pakistan., Ullah Zia ,   Medical Officer Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Pakistan.
Published: April 2022

Background: Laparoscopic exploration of the common bile duct followed by T-tube has long been a standard surgical treatment for choledocholithiasis. However the use of T-tube is not without complications. To avoid these complications we have performed primary closure of the common bile duct (CBD) after laparoscopic exploration. Objective: To assess the benefits and harms of T-tube drainage versus primary closure after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration. Material and methods:This is a comparative study carried out at General Surgical Deptt of Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Pakistan from 6-6-2019 to 6-6-2021. Total 34 patients for laparoscopic exploration of the common bile duct were included in the study. Results:The length of mean postoperative hospital stay was muchshorteringroupA(4.5 Â± 1.4) thaningroupB(7.2 Â± 1.6).Thehospitalization expenses were statistically lower in group A (15150.0 Â± 2160.5) than in group B (19798.1 Â± 2485.5). No significant difference was observed in the operating time in both groups i.e. (128.3 Â± 25.9) in group A & (133.9 Â± 26.7). Intraoperative blood loss were also shows no significant difference amongst both groups, (101.3 Â± 56.1) in group A & (103.9 Â± 60.2). Bile leakage rate in group A is 2(5.8%) and in group B 3(8.8%), intraabdominal bleeding 1(2.9%) & 1(2.9%), pulmonaryinfection were 2(5.8%) & 1(2.9%), intra-abdominal infection were 2(5.8%) & 3(8.8%), gastroduodenal serosal injury 0 (0%) & 0 (0%), wound infection 1 (2.9%) & 1 (2.9%), stone recurrence 2(5.8%) & 2(5.8%) and bile stricture seen in 0 (0%) in group A & 1 (2.9%) in group B respectively. Table II Conclusion:Primary closure of the CBD is a safe and cost effective alternative to routine T-tube drainageafter Laparoscopic exploration.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CONTENT AND LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING IN THE INDIAN CLASSROOM FOR PROMOTING MULTILINGUALISM AMONG LEARNERS
Authors:   Research Scholar Department of Teacher Education, School of Education, CUSB, Gaya., Kumari Manisha , Sahoo Mitanjali ,   Assistant Professor Department of Teacher Education, School of Education, CUSB, Gaya.
Published: April 2022

Multilingual classrooms are becoming more common around the globe due to mass migration of people and also because of global trade and commerce. Learners need to be multilingual in order to succeed transnationally as the world is becoming a global knowledge center. India is a linguistically diverse nation where multilingual classrooms are common. But generally, this multilingualism is limited to social conversations. Learners fail to acquire academic language proficiency in their second, third or any other additionallanguage. So, teachers should follow a language teaching approach which can motivate and help the learners in acquiring academic language proficiency in the second or third language. This paper suggests that content and language integrated learning (CLIL) is a viable language teaching approach which can be helpful in teaching second or any additional language in the Indian classroom. The paper explains the benefits of CLIL in language teaching and presents a sample lesson framed by the author to teach English language through Social Science content at the elementary school level. In the discussion part, the author explains that similar lessons can be framed in any language to teach both content and language. Thus, this approach will be helpful in promoting multilingualism in the Indian classrooms.
An exploration of research clusters of sustainable human resource management
Authors: Ahn Ji-Young , Jenica Avila Ellyn
Published: April 2022

Sustainable human resource management has gained significant attention and importance over the past years. The present paper aims to review the sustainable HRM literature by identifying the existing research clusters relating to the field and analyzing the common themes per cluster to organize the intellectual base on the topic and identify possible research gaps. There has been a consistent increase in research publications since 2017. The cluster analysis conducted in the present study presented the current state of research per type of sustainable HRM, with over 60% of studies relating to green HRM. General sustainable HRM follows this with 27% and socially responsible HRM – with 11%. In addition, the review sample extracted from the Scopus database showed how sustainable HRM involved CSR, sustainable development, environmental management, and supply chain management.Moreover, it showed how it could be linked with other disciplines, different contextual variables, and possibilities for cross-disciplinary studies. Furthermore, the results show that much research has concentrated on the green HRM cluster, followed by general sustainable and socially responsible HRM clusters. This paper provided an opportunity to see in a comprehensive way what research is being done per cluster and find the possible research gaps in the current body of literature.
Mapeando a medicalização infantil e o uso de psicotrópicos entre crianças na literatura brasileira.
Authors: Batista Tavares Cátia , Rodrigues Luna
Published: April 2022

A medicalização escamoteia questões sociopolíticas, econômicas, culturais e afetivas, redescrevendo-as como fenômenos individuais e biológicos, transformando modos de existência em patologias. A infância tornou-se alvo constante desse processo, despontando num aumento vertiginoso no consumo de psicotrópicos. Para mapear debates sobre o uso de psicotrópicos entre crianças na literatura brasileira, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica nas plataformas Scielo e BVS. Foram selecionados 32 artigos e as temáticas agrupadas em três tópicos: escola, serviços de saúde, desmedicalização. A tríade relacional escola/TDAH/psicotrópicos representou a medicalização. O metilfenidato foi o medicamento mais citado, tornando-se expressão máxima da medicalização infantil, com uso banalizado e forte tendência à cronificação. Os encaminhamentos recorrentes resultaram numa relação disfuncional entre a escola e os setores de saúde, com uma rede que tende mais a alimentar a medicalização do que questioná-la. Conflitos e disputas entre os atores não permitiam espaços de escuta para a criança. Ainda assim, foram mapeadas na literatura possibilidades de resistência e iniciativas de desmedicalização. O cenário da educação vem sendo amplamente discutido, mas ainda investe-se pouco em pesquisas que abordem o tema nos serviços de saúde.

Palavras-chave: medicalização infantil. psicotrópicos. crianças.

ABSTRACT

Medicalization conceals socio-political, economic, cultural and affective issues, redescribing them as individual and biological phenomena, transforming modes of existence into pathologies. Childhood became a constant target of this process, resulting in a increase in the consumption of psychotropic drugs. To map debates on the use of psychotropic drugs among children in Brazilian literature, a bibliographic review was carried out on the Scielo and VHL platforms. 32 articles were selected and the themes grouped into three topics: school, health services, de-medicalization. The school/ADHD/psychotropic relational triad represented medicalization. Methylphenidate was the most cited medication, becoming the maximum expression of children's medicalization, with banalized use and a strong tendency to chronification. Recurrent referrals resulted in a dysfunctional relationship between the school and the health sectors, with a network that tends more to fuel medicalization than to question it. Conflicts and disputes between the actors did not allow listening spaces for the child. Even so, possibilities of resistance and demedicalization initiatives were mapped in the literature. The education scenario has been widely discussed, but there is still little investment in research that addresses the topic in health services.

Keywords: infant medicalization. psychotropic drugs. children.
Optimization of the Transdermal Delivery System in Astilbin Microemulsion with Improved Stability and Anti-psoriatic Activity
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhao Ruizhi , Ding Yutong , Liu Lijuan , Wu Yayun
Published: April 2022

Background:

Astilbin is a promising candidate drug for psoriasis. However, the poor solubility and stability limited its clinical application.

Purpose:

The present work aimed to develop a stable microemulsion of astilbin formulation and evaluate its effect in vitro and in vivo.

Methods:

Oil phase, surfactants, and cosurfactants were screened using solubility and stability of astilbin as the index. The central composite experiment design and response surface methodology analysis were adopted to optimize microemulsion parameters. The particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, viscosity, drug content, encapsulation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and stability of the optimized microemulsion were evaluated. Then, the drug release and anti-psoriasis effects were evaluated in a mouse model induced by imiquimod.

Results:

The optimum formulation contained Labrafil M 1944 Cs (10.12%), Polyoxyethylene Castor Oil 35 (37.41%), propylene glycol (12.47%), water (40%), and gallic acid (2.9%), and the average particle size was 14.71 nm. The permeability of astilbin from the optimized astilbin-gallic acid microemulsion in 24 hr was 4.39 times higher compared with the astilbin’s microemulsion. The content of astilbin in astilbin-gallic acid microemulsion remained unchanged after being stored at 25°C for 4 months compared with astilbin aqueous (3 h) and astilbin microemulsion (185 h). Compared with the model group, the optimized formulation decreased the PASI score and Baker score by 49% and 73%, respectively, which showed a favorable anti-psoriasis effect. Moreover, there was no difference in the anti-psoriasis effect between the optimized group and the positive control.

Conclusion:

These results indicated that the astilbin-gallic acid microemulsion might be a potential topical drug used for the treatment of psoriasis.
Amalgamation of Nanotechnology for Delivery of Bioactive Constituents in
Solid Tumors
Authors: Ahmad Sayeed , Husain Syed Akhtar , Parveen Rabea , Mohapatra Sradhanjali
Published: April 2022

Solid tumor is one of the highly prevalent cancers among humans and the treatment is often
restricted by drug resistance to chemotherapeutics. One of the main reasons might be attributed to the
limited penetration ability of drugs through tumor tissues due to heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment.
Over the recent years, so much research has been carried out for developing phytochemicals
as cancer therapeutic agents. These are well-established as potential candidates for preventing and
treating cancer, especially solid tumors, but have limited clinical applications due to their large molecular
size, low bioavailability, stability, and target specificity, along with other side effects when used at
high concentrations. There has been a widely proposed nano delivery system of bioactive constituents to
overcome these obstacles. This nanostructured system might be able to potentiate the action of plant
constituents, by reducing the side effects at a lesser dose with improved efficacy. Indeed, nanosystems
can deliver the bioactive constituents at a specific site in the desired concentration and avoid undesired
drug exposure to normal tissues. Furthermore, these nanoparticles demonstrate high differential absorption
efficiency in the target cells over normal cells by preventing them from interacting prematurely
with the biological environment, enhancing the cellular uptake and retention effect in disease tissues,
while decreasing the toxicity. This review discusses various treatment stratagems used for the management
of solid tumors with special emphasis on nanocarrier systems as a potential treatment strategy for
herbal drugs. This also covers a wide list of plants that are used for the treatment of solid tumors and
cancers along with their mechanisms of action and enlists various nanocarrier systems used for different
phytoconstituents. This review gives a brief idea about different plants and their constituents exploited
for their anticancer/antitumor potential along with several nanocarrier systems employed for the same
and gives future directions to stress the nanotechnology platform as a valuable approach for the prevention
and treatment of solid tumors.
Acenaphthotriazine Thio-triazole Derivatives as Anti-cancer Agents
Triggering Cell Cycle Arrest in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Iraji Aida , Shahrokh Nasim , Firuzi Omidreza , Mohabbati Maryam , Miri Ramin , Sadeghpour Hossein , Khoshneviszadeh Mehdi , Edraki Najmeh
Published: April 2022

Background:

Cancer is one of the most devastating diseases, affecting the lives of millions of
people around the world.

Introduction:

A series of acenaphtho[1,2-e][1,2,4]triazine containing different thiomethyl-1,2,3-triazole
derivatives were designed based on a fragment-based and molecular hybridization approach as anti-cancer
agents.

Methods:

Designed compounds were synthesized using cycloaddition condensation followed by click
reaction. Cytotoxicity of prepared compounds was evaluated by MTT reduction assay against four different
cancer cell lines.

Results:

The biological evaluation indicated that derivative 6d with para-fluorobenzyl moiety was the
most active cytotoxic agent with IC50 values of 70.1, 12.8, 41.5, and 16.0 μM against K562, MOLT-4,
HT-29, and MCF-7 cells, respectively. Cell cycle analysis showed that acenaphtho triazine derivatives
could induce G0/G1 phase arrest in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Conclusion:

Synthesized derivatives can be ideal candidates for further exploration as anti-cancer agents.
Ascending Flaccid Paralysis Secondary to Hypokalemia in A Cancer Patient
using Abiraterone - A Case Report
Authors: de Almeida Daniella Cristina Brites , Costa Aline Luiza , de Oliveira Faria Barbara Lacerda , de Carvalho Frederico Bruzzi , Cintra Marco Tulio Gualberto
Published: April 2022

Background:

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common type of neoplasm in men and
the fourth leading cause of mortality in Brazil. The prostate cancer refractory metastatic castration
can be treated with abiraterone acetate (AA).

Case Presentation:

Its use has been associated with increased survival. However, there are also
side effects associated with the use of this drug, such as severe electrolyte disturbances.

Conclusion:

The objective is to report the clinical case of a patient with castration-resistant metastatic
prostate cancer who developed ascending flaccid paralysis secondary to severe hypokalemia,
probably due to hyperaldosteronism secondary to the use of Abiraterone Acetate, despite
the use of Prednisone.
The Organic Life According to Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anticancer
Approaches
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Sun Wenli , Cheng Qi
Published: April 2022

The aim of this review was to summarize the most important traditional medinical
herbs and plants that are being used in different parts of the world with a focus on a green anticancer
approach. The most important impacts of medicinal plants on cancer treatments are prevention
of cancer occurrence, decreased side effects, ameliorated post-operative complications,
reduced post operative recurrence, reduced tumor growth, maintenance therapy, reduced symptoms
and prolonged survival. Alkaloid anti-cancer compounds are pyrrolidine, pyridine, tropane,
piperidine, pyrrolizidine, quinolizidine, indolizidine, isoquinoline, oxazole, isoxazole, quinazoline,
quinoline, indole serine, purine, β-phenylethylamine, colchicine, benzylamine, abornin,
pancratistatin and narciclasine. Anticancer phenolic compounds from plants are flavonol, flavones,
kaempferol, luteolin, curcumin, apigenin, chalcone, and cafestol. Anticancer terpenoids
compounds from medicinal plants are isoprene, alpha-hederin, galanal A, galanal B, carnosol,
oleanane and xanthorrhizol. The most important chemical structures of anti-cancer drugs derived
from plants are vincristine, vinblastine, vinorelbine, vindesine, vinflunine, paclitaxel, docetaxel,
cabazitaxel, larotaxel, milataxel, ortataxel, tesetaxel, camptothecin, irinotecan, topotecan, etoposide,
teniposide, harringtonine and homoharringtonine. Cancer is one of the main and primary
causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. It is a broad group of various diseases typified
by unregulated cell growth. The role of plants, especially traditional herbs as a source of organic
medicines has been prevalent in many societies, especially in Eastern medicinal science for
thousands of years. Traditional medicinal herbs and plants which have both antiviral activity and
the ability to promote immunity, would have possible inhibition ability in the initiation and promotion
of virus-associated cancers. Medicinal plants should always be considered a great source
of novel chemical constituents with anti-cancer effects.
First Record of Dissemination of BLBLI-Resistant Enterobacter cloacae from Public Hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Alzaidi Jawad R. , Mohammed Ahmed S.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Enterobacter cloacae are most frequently isolated from human clinical specimens.

Objective:

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the dissemination of E. cloacae clinical isolates resistant to β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor (BLBLI) combinations from different clinical specimens of hospitalized patients.

Methods:

E. cloacae isolates were recovered from different clinical samples of hospitalized patients in three main hospitals in Baghdad city. E. cloacae isolates were identified based on their morphology and biochemical tests, and the identification was confirmed using Vitek-2 system. The antibiotic susceptibility testing of E. cloacae isolates to a variety of antibiotics was achieved using disc diffusion test (DDT) and Vitek-2 system.

Results:

Results found that among 335 culture-positive samples, 30 isolates (8.9%) belonged to E. cloacae. A high rate of isolation was observed in urine isolates (46.6%), followed by wounds (burns) isolates (26.6%). Out of 30 E. cloacae strains isolated during this study, 18 (60%) showed reduced susceptibility to BLBLI combinations. TEM genes (TEM-1 and TEM-2) were successfully amplified from 7/18 isolates (38.8%) and high rate of BLBLI genes was detected (CTX-M, bla-SHV, SHV-2, and OXA-1). However, no BLBLI genes of bla-AmpC, bla- OXA-2, and bla- OXA-10 were found in E. cloacae isolates when tested using specific primers for bla-AmpC and bla-OXA genes.

Conclusion:

From this study, we can conclude that the production of inhibitor-resistant β-lactamases by E. cloacae isolates could be increasingly common in nosocomial pathogens other than E. coli or K. pneumoniae in public hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq.
Assessment of Knowledge and Level of Radiation Safety Awareness among Radiographers Working in Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Nyathi Mpumelelo
Published: April 2022

Background:

Radiopharmaceuticals are used for diagnosis, treatment, staging and follow up of various diseases. However, there is concern that the ionizing radiation (gamma rays, α and ß particles) may result in the exposure of radiographers with limited knowledge of the principles of radiation protection and safety, raising the risk of cancer induction.

Objective:

To investigate the knowledge and level of radiation safety awareness among radiographers at a tertiary hospital.

Methods:

It is an analytical cross-sectional study. A validated two-part questionnaire was implemented to consenting radiographers in a Nuclear Medicine Department. Part 1 gathered demographic information (age, gender, work experience, attendance to/or passing ionizing radiation protection courses). Part 2 covered questions related to knowledge and level of awareness of radiation protection principles.

Results:

Five radiographers voluntary participated (2/5 were males while 3/5 were females). Three age groups were distinguishable, 21-30, 41-50 and 51-60 years. In the age group of 21-30 years, there was one male with just over 4 years of experience while in the age group 41-50, there were three females with less than three years of experience and in the age group 51-60, there was one male radiographer with over 20 years of experience. All the radiographers showed a high level of awareness and knowledge of radiation safety principles.

Conclusion:

Education coupled with training in radiation protection is an essential tool for instilling radiation awareness among radiographers. However, education alone is not enough, further skills in preparation and administration of radiopharmaceuticals will reduce exposures.
Antiviral Potential of Medicinal Plants for the COVID-19
Authors: Sharma Yashika , Kaushik Sulochana , Boora Sanjit , Kumar Pawan , Kumar Ajit , Yadav Jaya P. , Kaushik Samander
Published: April 2022

Background:

SARS-CoV-2 infection has spread throughout the globe and has
become a terrible epidemic. Researchers all around the globe are working to understand the
characteristics of coronavirus and are trying to find antiviral compounds as an alternative to
vaccines.

Objective:

The present study has been conceptualized to screen the various metabolites of
traditional therapeutic plants that can have crucial antiviral activity against COVID-19.

Methods:

Medicinal plants are rich sources of therapeutic agents of human origin. In this study,
active metabolites from plants such as O. sanctum, C. longa, A. indica, Z. officinale, A.
paniculata, G. glabra, A. sativum, P. guajava, V. negundo and S. aromaticum have been studied.
This study aims to control COVID-19, either by interfering with the Cysteine-like protease
(3CLpro) component of COVID-19 or by blocking viral entry via the human angiotensinconverting
enzyme 2 (ACE 2) receptor. The molecular docking of forty plant metabolites was
studied with the 3Clpro component and ACE 2 receptors. In addition to this, the binding
capacity of these two targets was also compared with hydroxychloroquine used for its
treatment.

Results:

The results reveal that Glycyrrhizin binds to 3CLpro in a highly stable manner with the
lowest binding energy. Glabridin, beta-sitosterol, beta-Caryophyllene, alpha-Curcumene, and
Apigenin, among others, have shown effective interactions with both ACE 2 and 3CLpro. The
study reveals the ability of more than 20 plant-based compounds against the COVID-19
infection cycle, which are more effective than hydroxychloroquine.

Conclusion:

Medicinal plant-based therapeutic compounds might provide quickly, sensitive,
precise, and cost-effective alternative therapies. To reduce adverse effects, many
pharmacological characteristics of medicinal plant agents should be adjusted.
The Effect of Some Symptoms and Features During the Infection Period on the Level of Anxiety and Depression of Adults after Recovery from COVID-19
Authors: Huyut Mehmet Tahir , Kocaturk İdris
Published: April 2022

Background:

Considering the previous evidence regarding SARS/MERS outbreaks, ıt is expected that emergent psychiatric conditions such as mood disorders, anxiety, and depression disorders may occur in survivors of COVID-19.

Objectives:

In this study, the effects of clinical/neurological symptoms and sociodemographic characteristics of COVID-19 patients during the infection period on the level of anxiety/depression after recovery were investigated.

Methods:

Firstly, the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants and their clinical/ neurological symptoms during the infection period were determined. In addition, the Beck anxiety/depression scale was administered to the participants upon discharge. Then, the odds ratio of the variables was calculated by applying the Poisson regression method to determine the predictors affecting the level of anxiety/depression.

Results:

In this study, the clinical/neurological symptoms and the sociodemographic characteristics affecting the level of anxiety/depression were found to be associated with adults (mean age 45-years). The number of days of hospitalization was the only clinical feature that increased both anxiety and depression levels. In addition, post-discharge sleep disorder, headache, and alcohol use were found to be predictors of increased anxiety levels. In addition, smoking, the presence of a person with COVID-19 infection in the immediate vicinity, traveling in the last month before the illness, fever, and loss of smell during the infection period was found to increase the level of depression. Moreover, asthma was the only significant comorbidity that increased the anxiety level, while diabetes was the only comorbidity that increased the depression level.

Conclusion:

It is expected that this study will support social-psychological intervention and have some effects on reducing depressive/anxiety symptoms, which can vary widely in adults during stressful events.
Current Trends in the Animal Models for Screening of Nootropic Agents: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jain Seema , Grover Shubhima
Published: April 2022

Background:

Deficits in cognitive functions are observed in various diseases. The term “nootropics” refers to the compounds that increase mental functions, including memory, motivation, concentration and attention. Given the complexity and vastness of the processes involved in cognition, developing an appropriate animal model for the screening of nootropic agents still remains a daunting task.

Objectives:

This review attempts to elicit the current trends in the animal models being used for screening of nootropic agents and effectively use this knowledge to improve prospects embarking on this area of research.

Methods:

Electronic searches were carried out on PubMed using the keywords “nootropic agents”[MeSH Term] OR “nootropic drugs” [MeSH Term] AND “animal model” [MeSH Term] OR “animal model, experimental” [MeSH Term]. All relevant studies from 2016 to 31st August, 2021, were then reviewed to meet the stated objective.

Results:

The most commonly used disease model for screening of nootropic agents was found to be the animal model of Alzheimer’s disease. Disease models of vascular dementia or stroke, depression or anxiety, schizophrenia, epilepsy or seizure, diabetes and traumatic brain injury, among others, have also been used. There exists a wide variety of behavioral tests to assess cognition.

Conclusion:

Since a variety of etiologies can affect cognitive processes. Hence, a nootropic agent may be screened in a variety of disease models. The most widely used and appropriate method to assess cognition would be by combining the behavioral and biochemical assays so that a more comprehensive profile of the nootropic effects of a drug can be elicited.
Perhitungan Tapak Karbon Pada Aspek Pengelolaan Sampah Di TPST 3R Mulyoagung Bersatu Sebagai Upaya Pengurangan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Suharto Bambang , Kurniati Evi ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Agustin Dianita Dwi ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: April 2022

Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan adanya perubahan pola konsumsi masyarakat berbanding lurus dengan jumlah, jenis dan karakteristik sampah. Sampah adalah produk dari aktivitas manusia yang berkontribusi pada pemanasan global. Salah satu upaya Indonesia dalam mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca untuk mengurangi dampak perubahan iklim pada sektor pengelolaan sampah dengan mendirikan program Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) dengan menggunakan prinsip 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle). Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung potensi tapak karbon penyumbang emisi GRK dari timbulan sampah, mengetahui kondisi eksisting dan menganalisis pengaruh TPST 3R Mulyoagung Bersatu terhadap pengurangan emisi GRK. Gas rumah kaca dalam penelitian ini dibatasi pada gas metana (CH4). Perhitungan emisi GRK pada penelitian mengacu pada rumus Tier-1 IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Perhitungan emisi GRK emisi metana (CH4) berdasarkan dari 2 skenario yang ditentukan. Skenario 1 menghasilkan emisi (CH4) 45,900 Ton CO2eq/tahun. Skenario 2 menghasilkan emisi sebesar 9,180 Ton CO2eq/tahun. Persentase emisi (CH4) yang terreduksi dari aktivitas TPST 3R 80%. Perhitungan uji korelasi sederhana didapatkan hubungan yang linier (berbanding lurus) dengan nilai koefisien korelasi bernilai positif (r= 1) hubungan keeratan sangat kuat. Hal tersebut menunjukan dengan adanya TPST mampu mereduksi emisi (CH4) dari total sampah yang akan ditimbun secara langsung di TPA Randuagung.
The effect of low impact aerobic exercise on increasing physical fitness for the elderly
Authors: Rismayanthi Cerika , Zein Muhammad Ikhwan , Mulyawan Rizki , Nurfadhila Risti , Prasetyawan Rifky Riyandi , Antoni Muhammad Sigit
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate the effect of low-impact aerobic exercise on increasing physical fitness for the elderly. This one group of pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research recruited elderly subjects from Sumber Waras Elderly Association in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Twenty-four elderly subjects aged 60-70 years old participated in the 16 sessions of aerobic exercise intervention. All subjects completed pre-and post-intervention physical fitness tests comprising the aerobic/cardiovascular (CV) endurance (2 minutes step test), upper body strength (arm curl test), lower body strength (chair stand test), upper body flexibility (back scratch test), core and lower body flexibility (sit and reach test) and balance (8 foot up and go test). Changes in physical fitness (post- versus pre-intervention) of the subjects were analyzed using paired T-test. The normality and homogeneity tests were performed using the Kolmogorov Smirnov and Levene’s tests, respectively. Statistical significance was set to p 0.05. This study showed that all physical fitness components, including aerobic endurance, upper and lower body strength, upper and lower body flexibility, and balance, were increased significantly in the subjects (p 0.05). The results suggest that low-impact aerobic exercise positively affects physical fitness improvement in the elderly.
Инверсия пьезомагнитного эффекта остаточно намагниченного состояния стали 30Х13 при малоцикловых испытаниях
Authors: Муратов К.Р. , Новиков В.Ф. , Соколов Р.А.
Published: April 2022

The results of magnetoelastic tests of hardened and tempered samples of high-chromium 30Kh13 steel, which after magnetization were subjected to low-cycle stretching, are presented. The tests were repeated with a sequential increase in the load amplitude. Stretching on the first cycle led to irreversible demagnetization of the samples. As the number of cycles increases, a quasi-reversible change in magnetization is established, called the piezomagnetic effect of residual magnetization. High sensitivity of specified effect to fatigue loads is established, active change of its sign occurs in vicinity of endurance limit.
Mobile-Social Learning for Continuing Professional Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Integrative Review
Authors: Guillaume Dominique , Troncoso Erica , Duroseau Brenice , Bluestone Julia , Fullerton Judith
Published: April 2022

Background

Access to continuing professional development (CPD) for health care workers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is severely limited. Digital technology serves as a promising platform for supporting CPD for health care workers by providing educational content virtually and enabling virtual peer-to-peer and mentor interaction for enhanced learning. Digital strategies for CPD that foster virtual interaction can increase workforce retention and bolster the health workforce in LMICs.

Objective

The objective of this integrative review was to evaluate the evidence on which digital platforms were used to provide CPD to health care workers and clinical students in LMICs, which was complemented with virtual peer-to-peer or mentor interaction. We phrased this intersection of virtual learning and virtual interaction as mobile-social learning.

Methods

A comprehensive database and gray literature search was conducted to identify qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies, along with empirical evidence, that used digital technology to provide CPD and virtual interaction with peers or mentors. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. Eligible articles were written in English, conducted in an LMIC, and used a mobile device to provide CPD and facilitate virtual peer-to-peer or mentor interaction. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened, followed by an assessment of the quality of evidence and an appraisal of the articles. A content analysis was then used to deductively code the data into emerging themes.

Results

A total of 750 articles were identified, and 31 (4.1%) were included in the review. SMS text messaging and mobile instant messaging were the most common methods used to provide continuing education and virtual interaction between peers and mentors (25/31, 81%). Across the included articles, participants had high acceptability for using digital platforms for learning and interaction. Virtual peer interaction and mentorship were found to contribute to positive learning outcomes in most studies (27/31, 87%) through increased knowledge sharing, knowledge gains, improved clinical skills, and improved service delivery. Peer-to-peer and mentor interaction were found to improve social support and reduce feelings of isolation (9/31, 29%). There were several challenges in the implementation and use of digital technology for mobile-social learning, including limited access to resources (eg, internet coverage and stable electricity), flexibility in scheduling to participate in CPD, and sociobehavioral challenges among students.

Conclusions

The summary suggests that mobile-social learning is a useful modality for curriculum dissemination and skill training and that the interface of mobile and social learning serves as a catalyst for improved learning outcomes coupled with increased social capital.
Exercise-Based Real-time Telerehabilitation for Older Adult Patients Recently Discharged After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Brocki Barbara Cristina , Andreasen Jan Jesper , Aaroe Jens , Andreasen Jane , Thorup Charlotte Brun
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The use of telehealth technology to improve functional recovery following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has not been investigated.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to examine the feasibility of exercise-based cardiac telerehabilitation after TAVI.

METHODS

This was a single-center, prospective, nonrandomized study using a mixed methods approach. Data collection included testing, researchers’ observations, logbooks, and individual patient interviews, which were analyzed using a content analysis approach. The intervention lasted 3 weeks and consisted of home-based web-based exercise training, an activity tracker, a TAVI information website, and 1 web-based session with a nurse.

RESULTS

Of the initially included 13 patients, 5 (40%) completed the study and were interviewed; the median age was 82 (range 74-84) years, and the sample comprised 3 men and 2 women. Easy access to supervised exercise training at home with real-time feedback and use of the activity tracker to count daily steps were emphasized by the patients who completed the intervention. Reasons for patients not completing the program included poor data coverage, participants’ limited information technology skills, and a lack of functionality in the systems used. No adverse events were reported.

CONCLUSIONS

Exercise-based telerehabilitation for older people after TAVI, in the population as included in this study, and delivered as a web-based intervention, does not seem feasible, as 60% (8/13) of patients did not complete the study. Those completing the intervention highly appreciated the real-time feedback during the web-based training sessions. Future studies should address aspects that support retention rates and enhance patients’ information technology skills.
PREDICT: Pragmatic Return to Effective Dental Infection Control through Triage and Testing, a PBRN Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fredericks-Younger Janine , Fine Daniel , Subramanian Gayathri , Coker Modupe O. , Meyerowitz Cyril , Ragusa Patricia , Allareddy Veerasathpurush , McBurnie Mary Ann , Funkhouser Ellen , Gennaro Maria L. , Feldman Cecile A.
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Dental practice has been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. As SARS-COV-2 infection is transmitted by respiratory fluids, dental practice techniques, which include aerosol-generating procedures, can increase the risk of transmission causing heightened safety concerns for both dental health care workers (DHCWs) and patients. These concerns have resulted in the reduction in patient volume and the available workforce within dental practices across the United States. Standardized methods for COVID-19 triage and testing may lead to increased safety and perceptions of safety for DHCWs and their patients and promote willingness to provide and access oral healthcare services.

OBJECTIVE

This study is designed to develop procedures that test the feasibility of enhanced COVID-19 triage and testing in dental offices. It will provide preliminary data to support a larger network-wide study grant application aimed at developing protocols to address safety concerns of patients and DHCWs in a peri-COVID-19 pandemic era.

METHODS

The feasibility study is being conducted in four private dental practices, each of which has a dentist member of the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. Participants include the DHCWs and patients of the dental practice. Study procedures include completion of COVID-19 triage, completion of COVID-19 testing [Point-of-Care (POC) or laboratory based (LAB) Laboratory (LAB) SARS-CoV-2 viral, antigen and/or antibody tests based on office designation] and administration of perception and attitude surveys for participating DCHWs and patients of the dental practice over a defined study period. The office designation and participant’s role in the practice determines which testing protocol is executed within the office. There are four study groups following four distinct protocols: (1) POC DHCWs, (2) POC Patients, (3) LAB DHCWs, and (4) LAB Patients.

RESULTS

This work has been peer reviewed and funded by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), an institute within the National Institute of Health (NIH). Study protocols commenced in December of 2021 and are expected to end in March 2022 with data analysis to follow.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this feasibility study will help identify viability and functionality of COVID-19 triage and testing in dental practices and inform a larger network-wide study grant application that develops protocols that address safety concerns of patients and Dental Health Care Workers (DHCWs) in a COVID-19 environment.

CLINICALTRIAL

The ClinicalTrials.gov registration is NTC05123742.
Towards telemedicine for antenatal care visits in a post-COVID era: a development study and feasibility of a software system (Preprint)
Authors: Thongploy Piyawan , Phonyiam Korawat , Chaovalit Pimwadee , Pongnumkul Suporn , Charoensiriwath Supiya , Charoensiriwath Chayakrit , Somprasit Charintip
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

A preparation for telemedicine has become increasingly urgent in recent years as the world is facing new challenges in how to provide healthcare from a physical distance. Using a chatbot technology, healthcare providers can use a chatbot which is a computer program to automatically converse with patients through text. In antenatal care clinics, a chatbot can be used to receive patient-specific data and give advice to support care of pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE

To develop a mobile technology as a chatbot software system to support pregnant women for monitoring gestational weight gain and health lifestyle during pregnancy

METHODS

The present study demonstrated how the chatbot program, REMI, (Robot for Expecting Mother’s Information) was developed with the LINE platform. Thai singleton pregnant women with pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) above 18.5 kg/m2 were enrolled with REMI. An individual gestational weight gain was recorded in the program by the subject themselves. The healthcare provider can review patients’ data and give advice. All data were collected and analyzed. The pregnant women who came for routine antenatal care were enrolled as a control group.

RESULTS

Four hundred and fifty-two pregnant women were registered in REMI chatbot program. Two hundred forty- five pregnant women were registered and received antenatal care in Thammasat University Hospital. Normal and high pre-pregnancy BMI women were 93 (37.96%), 152 (62.04%) in REMI group and 2 (0.97%), 205 (99.03%) in the routine antenatal care group, respectively. The number of pregnant women with excessive weight gain who gain weight more than 0.5 kg/week in normal BMI, overweight group (BMI 18.5-24.9) and 0.25 kg/week in obesity and marked obesity group (BMI>=25) were not different between REMI chatbot group and usual antenatal care group. Most of pregnant women who registered to use the REMI chatbot program had used it frequently and they can understand the program quickly.

CONCLUSIONS

For pregnant women, a mobile app such as REMI chatbot program can provide support for pregnant women between consultation visits, thereby reducing the number of required outpatient clinic visits and help clinicians in terms of education and monitoring their patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
A chatbot to support New Zealand young people during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evaluation of a real world roll out of an open trial (Preprint)
Authors: Ludin Nicola , Holt-Quick Chester , Hopkins Sarah , Stasiak Karolina , Hetrick Sarah , Warren Jim , Cargo Tania
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The number of young people in New Zealand who experience mental health challenges is increasing. As New Zealand was going into its initial COVID-19 lockdown, an ongoing digital mental health project was adapted and underwent rapid content authoring to create the Aroha chatbot. This dynamic digital support was designed with and for young people to help manage pandemic-related worry.

OBJECTIVE

Aroha was developed to provide practical evidence-based tools for anxiety management using cognitive behavioral therapy, and positive psychology. The chatbot included practical ideas to maintain social and cultural connection, and to stay active and well.

METHODS

Stay at home orders under New Zealand’s lockdown commenced on 20 March 2020. By leveraging previously developed chatbot technology and broader existing online trial infrastructure, the Aroha chatbot was launched promptly on 7 April 2020. Dissemination of the chatbot for an open trial was via a URL, feedback on experience of the lockdown and on the experience of Aroha was gathered via online questionnaires, a focus group, and from community members.

RESULTS

In the two weeks following the launch of the chatbot there were 393 registrations and 238 users logged into the chatbot, of whom 127 were in the target age range (13-24 years). Feedback guided iterative and responsive content authoring to suit the dynamic situation and motivated engineering to dynamically detect and react to a range of conversational intents.

CONCLUSIONS

The experience of the implementation of the Aroha chatbot highlights the feasibility of providing timely event-specific digital mental health support, and the technology requirements for a flexible and enabling chatbot architectural framework.