bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study the Effect of Genetic Polymorphism in the Estrogen Receptor Gene (ESR) On the Meat Characteristics and Some Production Traits of Japanese Quail
Authors: Amamah  Hamad  Wali  , Ali A. Abdulkareem
Published: December 2024

Study was Procedure in the poultry field of the Agricultural Research Station / College of Agriculture and marshes / Thi- Qar University for the period from 10/10/2023 to 3/15/2024, the period of field and laboratory work, as 150 Japanese quail birds were raised from the age of one day to 35 days.
   Birds were numbered with plastic numbers, and the weights were taken weekly to calculate the weekly weight gain and feed conversion efficiency. After the end of the breeding period, the birds were slaughtered and the relative weight of the edible internal organs (heart, liver, gizzard), tenderness, and juiciness were calculated. Genetic analyzes were conducted in the laboratory of the Marshes Research Center/ Thi- Qar University. With the aim of extracting the genetic material and determining the phenotypic structures as well as performing electrophoresis of the studied samples, the amplification product was then sent to the KCM, for the purpose of determining the sequence of the nitrogenous bases of the studied part of the gene, determining the genotype of the ESR gene and studying its relationship with some productive and sensory traits. Which included (the rate of weekly weight gain, the efficiency of food conversion, the relative weight of the eaten parts, freshness and juiciness), where the location of the variation in the nitrogenous bases of the studied gene was diagnosed, and the genotypes resulting from this variation were determined, with the studied piece registered in the Gene Bank LC816736, and the results were as follows:
1- The possibility of amplifying the studied segment of the ESR gene, which is 301 base pairs, and confirming it through electrophoresis examination.
2- Knowing the location of the mutation in segment 100.T>C, as it did not change the amino acids of the ESR gene.
3- Determine Three genotypes as : CC, CT, and TT. The percentages were 12%, 74%, and 14%, and the frequency of the C allele was 0.49, while the frequency of the T allele was 0.51.
4-The results did not show significant differences in the weekly weight gain and food conversion efficiency for the resulting three genotypes.
5- There were no significant differences between the three genotypes of the studied gene for the weights of each of the eaten offal (heart, liver, and gizzard).
6-The results did not show significant differences between the three genotypes of the studied gene for tenderness and juiciness.
The Impact and Influence of Internet Language on Chinese Language in the New Media Environment
Authors: Shi Ruoyuan , Zhu Kaiwen
Published: December 2024

Given the ascendance of new media as the primary conduit for the dissemination of popular culture, an investigation into the stylistic characteristics of online language reveals a notable divergence from the findings of previous studies, as evidenced by data mining and literature research. This paper presents a summary of the linguistic and literal characteristics of Chinese Internet language: image-enabled, video-enabled, facilitated, de-territorialized, trying to sort out the causes of the new phenomenon of Internet language and the different views of Internet language from the perspective of different user groups. The study also identifies the new media platforms that employ online language to introduce novel nuances to the Chinese language script, characterized by concision, ingenuity and temporal brevity. The study also provides solutions to dissipate the negative impact of Internet language on Chinese language and script and explores how to make use of new media Internet language to better develop Chinese language and script in the present day, such as standardizing the use of Chinese characters, making proper use of new media platforms, and enhancing peoples awareness of discrimination.
Difference and Diversity: A Comparative Study of Hu Shi's and Lu Xun's Research on Water Margin
Authors: Chu Lili
Published: December 2024

Both Hu Shi()and Lu Xun()conducted considerable research and evaluations on Water Margin()and its major sequels. Various factors, such as historical context and personal perspectives, contributed to the divergence in their views. Hu Shi distinguished between Water Margins utility in the New Literature Movement and its ideological content. While he elevated Water Margins status as "vernacular" literature, he did not endorse certain ideological aspects within the text. Lu Xun, on the other hand, affirmed the revolutionary spirit in Water Margin but criticized its incompleteness and feudal characteristics. The contrasting evaluations of the same text by Hu Shi and Lu Xun in the same era stem from their differing perspectives and positions.
Review of Brain-Computer Interface Applications in the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Zhang Xinran
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the transformative potential of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology in the context of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) treatment. ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that severely limits motor function and communication abilities. It necessitates innovative solutions beyond current palliative care. BCIs offer direct brain-to-device communication, enabling ALS patients to regain autonomy through tasks like communication, environmental control, and mobility. This paper synthesizes recent advancements in BCI technology relevant to ALS, discussing non-invasive and invasive approaches, functional applications, and current research challenges. It emphasizes the benefits of BCIs in enhancing quality of life and mental well-being for ALS patients while also addressing ethical considerations such as informed consent and data privacy. Future directions include hybrid BCI development, machine learning integration, and equitable access strategies. By identifying current progress and remaining hurdles, this review aims to inform ongoing research efforts and policy development toward more effective and inclusive ALS treatments.
Mechanical Force Signaling and Atherosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease Research
Authors: Sun Junyang
Published: December 2024

The Global Burden of coronary heart disease (CHD) between 1990 and 2019 report shows that in 2019, there were about 9.14 million deaths from CHD globally, and other 197 million people suffered from CHD. At present, there are limitations in the cure of coronary heart disease, and also the research and treatment of some mechanisms. This paper discusses the pathogenesis and treatment of coronary heart disease from the perspective of the influence of mechanical force. This paper discusses the key role of mechanical force signaling in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies have shown that mechanical forces such as shear stress and tensile stress significantly affect endothelial cell function and the stability of atherosclerotic plaques, factors that are critical for the progression of CHD. At the same time, it is pointed out that future studies should focus on revealing the specific mechanisms of different mechanical forces in atherosclerotic plaque formation, vascular remodeling and plaque vulnerability.
The Important Role of Cupping in Sports Recovery
Authors: Jin Yinzhu
Published: December 2024

Sports recovery is a critical component of athletic training, focusing on reducing muscle damage, alleviating fatigue, and accelerating the return to optimal performance levels. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with its holistic approach to health, plays a significant role in this domain. Cupping therapy, an ancient TCM practice, has recently gained attention in the sports community for its potential benefits in muscle recovery and pain relief. The research focuses on how cupping therapy contributes to the physiological recovery process of athletes, the specific mechanisms by which it alleviates muscle tension and pain, and the comparison between the integration of cupping therapy into sports recovery protocols and conventional recovery methods. The research utilizes a mixed-methodological approach, encompassing a systematic review of the extant literature on cupping therapy and sports recovery in conjunction with a case study analysis. The case study focuses on Michael Phelps, an Olympic athlete known for using cupping therapy. The study concludes that cupping therapy significantly aids sports recovery by promoting blood circulation, relieving muscle tension, and enhancing the immune system. It also suggests that cupping is a viable alternative or complement to conventional recovery methods, offering a natural and less invasive approach to muscle recovery. This research is significant as it provides empirical evidence supporting the use of TCM practices like cupping in modern sports medicine. It highlights the potential of integrating traditional healing methods with contemporary sports recovery strategies, offering a more comprehensive approach to athlete care.
Reexploring the Current Management Strategy of Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Authors: Shi Yuan
Published: December 2024

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a group of symptoms that occur repeatedly before menstruation and affect women's daily life and work, involving both physical and mental (emotional, behavioral). It is one of the diseases with high incidence in women of childbearing age, and with the increase of social pressure and fast-paced lifestyle, the incidence of PMS has gradually increased in recent years and has been paid more and more attention by researchers. Only when the detailed pathogenesis is revealed, can the clinical treatment be targeted, so as to provide more appropriate treatment and improve the physical and mental quality of life of PMS patients. With the deepening of modern medical research, ovarian steroid hormones, central neurotransmitters and lifestyle all affect the occurrence and development of PMS. In clinical treatment, first from the daily life, adjust the way of life, pay attention to keep a good mood; Early diagnosis and treatment, to prevent disease prolongation and deterioration, combined with hormone therapy or other complementary and alternative therapies, according to the patient's own situation to choose the appropriate intervention methods to achieve the best results.
Volleyball spike: common injuries and its rehabilitation
Authors: Zhao Fangchen
Published: December 2024

Volleyball is a globally popular sport, with spiking being a critical offensive technique that contributes significantly to scoring. However, spiking is also associated with a range of injuries due to repetitive motion, overuse, and sudden trauma. These injuries commonly affect various body parts, including the knees, ankles, shoulders, fingers, and wrists, and involve different tissues, such as bones, ligaments, and tendons. This review examines the mechanisms underlying spiking-related injuries and provides an overview of the common injuries sustained by volleyball players. It also discusses the rehabilitation principles used to promote recovery and prevent re-injury. Rehabilitation typically involves a multi-phase approach, starting with pain management and swelling reduction, followed by muscle strengthening, load progression, and functional training. The final stages focus on sport-specific movements to ensure athletes can safely return to play. A comprehensive understanding of injury prevention, along with proper training and rehabilitation, is essential for coaches and athletes to minimize injury risks and enhance recovery outcomes, ultimately ensuring a faster return to performance and reducing the likelihood of future injuries.
Protection of Cells through Renalase (RNLS) and CRISPR/Cas9 as a Potential Therapeutic Approach in Diabetes
Authors: Hu Yutong
Published: December 2024

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a metabolic disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic cells, with various complications. RNLS (Renalase) is a protein expressed in the kidneys and is strongly associated with complications of cardiovascular disease and other diseases. Multiple studies have proved the association between RNLS and T1DM, showing that RNLS plays an important role in the protection of pancreas islet cells. RNKS can reduce damage caused by immune attacks and oxidative stress and regulate energy metabolism. Current studies used gene-editing techniques, such as CRISPR/Cas9, as a potential therapeutic approach for T1DM through targeting multiple genes. Researchers also used in vivo CRISPR screen and identified the role of RNLS in cells. However, future research is required to provide evidence of whether and how targeting RNLS with gene editing tools can restore cell function, aiming to provide novel therapeutic approaches and personalized clinical applications for heterogeneous T1DM patients.
The Role of Circadian Rhythm Disruption in Prostate Cancer Development: Epidemiological, Molecular, and Therapeutic Perspectives
Authors: Huang Jiayi
Published: December 2024

Circadian rhythm disruption has been increasingly recognized as a critical factor in the development and development of prostate cancer. Through a comprehensive examination of epidemiological evidence, molecular pathways, and experimental studies, circadian misalignment is shown to influence key biological processes that regulate hormone production, DNA repair, and immune function, all essential to maintaining cellular homeostasis. Disruptions in circadian rhythms can lead to altered gene expression, impacting pathways associated with tumour development. Epidemiological data reveal an elevated risk of prostate cancer in individuals with irregular circadian patterns, such as shift workers, further reinforcing the link between circadian dysregulation and cancer risk. Molecular studies have identified potential therapeutic targets within circadian- regulated pathways, offering new opportunities for intervention. Therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring circadian alignment may not only prevent prostate cancer but also improve treatment outcomes by enhancing the effectiveness of current therapies. Understanding the character of circadian rhythms in prostate cancer opens new avenues for prevention and treatment strategies that could ultimately improve patient prognosis. This paper delves into the strong link between circadian rhythm disruption and prostate cancer. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the basic concept of circadian rhythm, the characteristics of prostate cancer, and the epidemiological evidence, molecular mechanism, experimental studies and potential therapeutic targets associated with the two, it is concluded that circadian rhythm disorder plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer, which provides a new perspective and direction for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.
Overview of Anterior Cruciate Ligament treatment
Authors: Lyu Foyang
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the findings of every basis to know about an ACL (Anterior cruciate ligament) rupture. The purpose of this paper is to help understand aspects of an ACL rupture basis from its anatomy and physiology to recovery factors highlighting key aspects about the injury. Understanding anatomy of and around the knee can prevent further injuries to other ligaments or cartilage. Research indicates that ACL tears can be taken care of through various techniques surgical or non-surgical. Rates of ACL tears vary reliant on factors such as age, training type, gender and other factors. Diagnostics of ACL ruptures are very crucial to understand the type of treatment you need from manual tests such as the Lachman test or to decide for a CT, MRI, X-ray or an ultrasound. Rehabilitation programs are the most important part of the injury where the athlete should follow the guide of a physical therapist by a 3-5 month program.
Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies from a Game Theoretic Perspective
Authors: Zhang Enqi
Published: December 2024

Under the backdrop of a highly intricate international environment and sluggish recovery of the global economy, it is crucial to delve into methods for bolstering national economic prowess and promoting economic prosperity and stability. Monetary policy and fiscal policy, as two primary macro-control tools, play a pivotal role in national progress, with their effective coordination becoming a significant issue. Game theory, a tool to mathematically model decisions made by different individuals through logical analysis, provides a solid theoretical foundation and practical framework for studying the issue. This paper utilizes game theory to model the coordination among the two policy-makers, the central banks and the governments while establishing a payoff matrix that reflects their utilities. During normal or recovery periods, this paper views it as a cooperative game, and the cooperative equilibrium will be that both policy-makers choose expansionary policies. During financial crisis, this paper views it as a non-cooperative game, and the Nash equilibrium will be that both policy-makers choose contractionary policies. Additionally, this paper selects specific examples from Brazilian history to validate the rationality of the model while confirming that the short-term equilibrium aligns with the modeling conclusions.
Optimising Corporate Financial Performance Through ESG Integration Faced by Climate Change
Authors: Yang Xingyu , Shi Yunan
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses how Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) integration may optimise corporate financial performance and climate-related risks and opportunities considering the mounting problem of climate change. We qualitatively and quantitatively examine how ESG integration affects corporate financial performance using the Pearson correlation coefficient, arbitrage pricing theory (APT) and scenario analysis as theoretical frameworks. The Pearson correlation coefficient assists in identifying potential correlations between ESG rating and return on assets (ROA). The APT assists in explaining the expected return after integrating ESG factors, while scenario analysis offers a measure of the possible risks of the portfolio connected to climate change concerns. We use the Morgan Stanley Capital Index (MSCI) ESG rating standards to evaluate a company's potential ESG performance. Furthermore, this paper's climate-related financial risk analysis is predicated on the four fundamental components of the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosure (TCFD) structure: Governance, Strategy, Risk Management, Metrics and Targets. The empirical findings reveal that integrating ESG factors into enterprise management tends to exhibit better financial performance and experience significant mitigation of climate-related risks. The research provides valuable insights for investors and policymakers to guide them towards more sustainable and risk-averse investment practices.
Enhancing Competitive Advantage in Rural SMEs Through Systems Thinking: The Role of Employee Training Strategies
Authors: Wu Jiayu
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to explores the critical role of systems thinking in enhancing the competitive advantage of Small and Medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in rural areas. System thinking is the ability to understand and manage the interrelationships between different components of a challenge or problems. This kind of thinking is likely to be the key ability to navigate complex and dynamic rural market environment. Employees with strong systems thinking abilities can impact on the strategic-making and operation of rural SMEs by problem-solving skills and flexible management capacity. This paper sates that by leveraging system thinking, SMEs in rural areas can not only overcome the unique challenges they face, such as limited resources and geographical limitation, but also capitalize on opportunities and enhance the position in the market. The findings suggest that developing systems thinking skills among employees is an important strategy for SMEs in rural area to maintain and enhance their competitive advantage in the dynamic change environment.
Dynamic Impact of Macroeconomic Indicators on U.S. Housing Market: A Panel Data Analysis from 2003 to 2022
Authors: Wang Juntao
Published: December 2024

This research examines the effect of several economic factors, such as the unemployment rate, producer price index, bank benchmark lending rate, mortgage interest rate, and S&P/Case-Shiller house price index, on the median home price in the United States. By employing panel data spanning from 2003 to 2022, this study utilizes multiple regression models to uncover the influence of various factors on house prices over several economic cycles. The findings indicate a strong and positive correlation between the S&P/Case-Shiller home price index and median house prices. Simultaneously, there is a strong and negative correlation between the unemployment rate, bank lending rates, and mortgage rates and median home prices. Additionally, rises in the producer price index are the main driver of house price increases. The study emphasizes the critical need for dynamic adjustment of economic policies and suggests policy recommendations such as focusing on interest rate policies, promoting employment and controlling construction costs to achieve a stable and sustainable housing market. At the same time, the study also suggests that other factors that may affect house prices be further explored in the future.
The Situation of the Chinese Electric Vehicle Market
Authors: Mao Yuecheng
Published: December 2024

Chinese EV market are changing in the last few decade and it start to become one of the most important part of the global market. We will analysis the background first to analysis the basic situation and problem that Chinese EV firms are facing at. How the domestic supply chain affects the Chinese domestic market. and who is the largest competitors in the market. then we will analysis the government intervention to analysis the effect from the domestic policy to the EV firms. After that we will both evaluate the protectionism in the local area can it become one of the restrictions for Chinese EV market to expand it market and market share in the region. After that we will analysis the policy affects from the foreign government like some EU countries. In the end we will give some advice on policy side how can Chinese government can do to prove the Chinese EV firms competitiveness in the international market and future.
Research on the Relationship Between the US Financial System and Macroeconomics
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu
Published: December 2024

In the post pandemic era, the US financial system and macroeconomy have undergone significant changes. In terms of the financial system, the Federal Reserve implemented quantitative easing policy, which led to a surge in money supply and flooding of liquidity, which to some extent inflated the stock market foam. At the same time, the volatility of the US financial market has increased and risk events have occurred frequently, such as the risk events of banks like Silicon Valley Bank and Credit Suisse, which have raised concerns about financial stability in the market. In terms of macroeconomics, the US government has launched large-scale fiscal stimulus measures to support economic recovery. These measures include providing direct economic assistance to households and businesses, expanding unemployment benefits, and offering low interest loans. These policies effectively boosted the economy in the short term, but also led to a sharp increase in government debt and inflationary pressures. Starting from the three major sectors of the US dollar, US bonds, and the Federal Reserve, and analyzing the relationship between the two through causal analysis and literature research, it is concluded that the US financial system has both advantages and disadvantages for macroeconomic development
Brief Analysis of the Impact of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict on Azerbaijan's Oil and Gas Industry and Its Economy
Authors: Bu Jinyue
Published: December 2024

Azerbaijan is rich in oil resources. As early as the Soviet era, Azerbaijan was designated as the oil and gas center of the Soviet Union's output. In the 1920s, Azerbaijan's oil production accounted for 95% of the entire Soviet Union. The export of abundant oil and gas resources has improved the living conditions of Azerbaijani citizens and maintained the rapid growth of Azerbaijan's economy. After the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, Azerbaijan's oil and gas industry faced dual impacts: on the one hand, the increased demand for alternative energy in the international market brought opportunities for its oil exports; on the other hand, Azerbaijan's close economic ties with Russia made it difficult to remain unaffected, with Western sanctions against Russia indirectly affecting Azerbaijan's economy. Azerbaijan's economy is greatly affected by international political and economic fluctuations. This paper aims to deeply analyze the specific impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on Azerbaijan's oil and gas industry and the overall economy and explore the necessity and potential paths of the country's economic structure transformation to provide academic reference for its sustainable development.
The Influence of Population Aging on China's Economy
Authors: He Ruiheng
Published: December 2024

In the face of the increasingly severe trend of population aging, China, as the largest developing country in the world, is undergoing profound adjustments in its economic structure and growth model. Over the past five years (2018-2023), an in-depth analysis of official data has revealed the multidimensional impact of aging on the economy. In terms of the labor market, the decline in the supply of working-age labor has intensified the rise in corporate labor costs and the talent gap in industrial upgrading. In terms of consumption patterns, the increase in the proportion of the elderly population has prompted a shift in market demand towards health, pension, medical care, and other service sectors, with notable changes in consumption preferences. At the same time, the government has continued to increase investment in public services such as pension security and healthcare, aiming to build a more comprehensive social security system to address the challenges posed by aging and ensure the sustainable development of the economy and society.
Compare the Performance of Current Large Language Models in Terms of System Security
Authors: Liu Xuanye
Published: December 2024

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the systematic security capabilities of four leading large language models: OpenAI's ChatGPT, Meta AIs LLaMA, Moonshot AI's BERT Chat, and Baidu's ERNIE series, including "Wenxin Yiyan." Each model's performance in addressing potential systematic security threats and vulnerabilities was evaluated through a rigorous assessment process. The study found significant differences in the security performance of these models. Specifically, ChatGPT exhibits remarkable resilience in handling confidential information, while LLaMA's advanced contextual understanding enhances its ability to identify and mitigate emerging security risks. BERT Chat stands out due to its strong user privacy protections, and Baidu's ERNIE, particularly "Wenxin Yiyan," provides comprehensive data security through multiple layers of defense. The study highlighted the diversity of security strategies employed by models, while pointing to the need for continued innovation in security measures as large language models develop.
Is Periacetabular Osteotomy With Hip Arthroscopy Superior to Periacetabular Osteotomy Alone? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Clark Sean C. , Nagelli Christopher V. , Pan Xuankang , Simon Karissa N. , Sierra Rafael J. , Hevesi Mario
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

There remains ongoing controversy regarding the optimal treatment strategy of hip dysplasia, with some advocating for the addition of hip arthroscopy to periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) to address concomitant labral tears. The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the clinical outcomes, complications, and joint preservation of PAO and PAO with hip arthroscopy.

Methods:

A literature search was done, and studies were included if they reported outcomes of PAO with concomitant hip arthroscopy, PAO with staged hip arthroscopy, or compared outcomes of PAO alone versus PAO with hip arthroscopy. A meta-analysis was conducted with respect to studies who compared preoperative to postoperative change in modified Harris Hip Score between PAO and PAO with hip arthroscopy.

Results:

Twenty studies were included in this review. Most patients demonstrated preoperative labral pathology. Pooled analysis of the postoperative change in modified Harris Hip Score showed no difference between PAO with concomitant hip arthroscopy and PAO alone (P = 0.238). Three of six studies comparing both surgical techniques demonstrated a notable postoperative improvement for select outcome scores for the PAO plus hip arthroscopy group but not for the PAO alone group. Of note, no studies demonstrated a notable improvement in the PAO alone group compared with PAO plus hip arthroscopy. The rates of complications and conversion to total hip arthroplasty for both procedures were notably similar.

Conclusion:

Favorable and comparable clinical outcomes were observed for both PAO alone and PAO with hip arthroscopy. Although PAO with hip arthroscopy demonstrated statistically superior clinical outcomes for some measures, it was never inferior to PAO alone. Randomized controlled studies with extended follow-up are needed to better understand the potential difference in long-term outcomes and rates of conversion to total hip arthroplasty between these procedures.
Establishing a Unified Framework for Natural Health Product Quality: Insights from North American Naturopathic Practitioners
Authors: Remy Daniella , Gratton Adam , Cooley Kieran
Published: December 2024

Background: Healthcare professionals have the responsibility to educate their patients on natural health products (NHPs), yet the assessment of NHP quality throughout North America remains relatively subjective and prone to biases. This study aims to qualify multi-ingredient NHPs, based on the subjective and empirical attributes sought by naturopathic doctors (NDs) who regularly prescribe them.
Methods: This study was divided into two phases. Phase 1 involved virtual interviews with eight experienced NDs across North America. Phase 2 was an online survey of licensed and practicing NDs based on the key themes extracted from Phase 1.
Results: Using an inductive approach to qualitative analysis in Phase 1, four key themes were extracted: sourcing, labelling, monographs, and third-party testing, with each one having several sub-themes. Phase 2 revealed that sourcing was the most important theme, specifically from manufacturing companies that adhere to good manufacturing practices (GMPs), followed by products on which labels provide specific details of the active compounds. Third-party testing ranked third, especially if used to verify that ingredients match the label, and monographs should include referenced evidence on the therapeutic efficacy specific to the recommended dose of the product.
Conclusion: NDs believe that the strongest measure of complex NHP quality is the manufacturing company’s ability to adhere to GMPs. Third-party testing could be used to verify standards of quality with product details included in labels and ample referenced evidence in monographs."
Features of angioarchitectonics and morphological structure of the vessels of the brachiocephalic trunk in patients with aortic arch hypoplasia
Authors: Sinelnikov Yuriy , Hasanov Elnur , Mirzazada Faig , Soynov Ilya
Published: December 2024

Aim: Make a comparative assessment of structural changes of the left subclavian artery in case of hypoplasia of the aortic arch in children of the first year of life..
Material and Methods: In the study were included 35 patients, with hypoplasia of the aortic arch, operated in the central pediatric surgery ННИИПК named. akad. Е.Н. Meshalkin during 2013-2015 years. Inclusion criteria: age 65.4 ± 83.9 days (from 1 tо 281 days), average body weight 3.3 ± 1.05 (from 1.85 tо 6.4 kg), All patients underwent surgical correction of congenital heart disease (CHD) - hypoplasia of the aortic arch with a modified reverse flap plasty left subclavian artery under normothermic conditations. Biomaterial was taken intraoperatively: a fragment of the subclavian artery for the study of angioarchitectonics, proportions of elastin and collagen fibers, also changes there proportions in the wall of the intact subclavian artery and of the subclavian artery of the patients with hypoplasia of the aortic arch. The contraol group consisted of patient at the same age, who died after surgery for other congenital heart defects (n=27).
Results: Comparative analysis revealed that the content of thin collagen fibers in patients of control group (normal subclavian artery) was significantly less, than in patients of this study. Also revealed the predominance elastin fibers in patients with pathologically unchanged subclavian artery, than in coarctation zone.
Conclusion: Structural changes in the vessels of the brachiocephalic trunk (subclavian artery) as CHD, hypoplasia of the aortic arch in children of the first year of life, characterized by a predominance of the number of collagen fibers over the number of elastin fibers. These changes associated with the proliferation of smooth myocytes, myofibroblasts and fibroblasts (changes of proportions between cell types). These structural changes able to decrease elasticity, resulting in the devolepment of hemodynamic dysorders.
Genomic insights into multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdous Sadia , Shayer K , Anjum Afia , Shuvo Sabbir , Jabeen Ishrat , Hridi Kristi , Hassan A , Khan Md , Rabbi Mohammad , Hossain Mahmud , Hasan Kazi , Islam Sohidul
Published: December 2024

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most common nosocomial infections causing pathogens. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii is a growing concern to the healthcare system in Bangladesh, necessitating the elucidation of the genetic characteristics of this species. Five MDR, biofilm-forming A. baumannii strains isolated from clinical samples in Dhaka, Bangladesh, underwent a comprehensive whole-genome shotgun sequencing. In silico analyses determined strain types, antibiotic resistance, and virulence genes. The phylogenomic and pan-genome comparative analysis included the study samples along with an additional 15 Bangladeshi A. baumannii strains collected from the public database. The antibiotic-resistant profile showed that all the strains were resistant to meropenem. Two strains were resistant to polymyxin B up to 64 µg/ml. The average draft genome size of the strains was 3.93 Mbp, with about 39% GC content. Multilocus sequence typing characterized the strains as ST1, ST2, ST164, and ST623. All strains carried different classes of β-lactamase genes, including the carbapenem hydrolyzing enzyme coding genes blaoxa-23 and blaoxa-51. One of the five strains studied harbored blaNDM-9 and blaNDM-23 genes. The phosphotransferase group of aminoglycosides modifying enzymes was the most common. All the strains had relatively similar virulence profiles. Pan-genome analysis revealed 1944 core and 1302 unique genes. Phylogenomic analysis revealed the distribution of these strains in different clusters with other MDR strains isolated worldwide. The study results suggest the implementation of antibiotic stewardship and genomic surveillance of MDR A. baumannii to control the spread of antibiotic resistance in Bangladesh.
Evaluation of adipocytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers in sera of hemodialysis patients
Authors: Obeid Shahad , Rashed Israa , Hindawi Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Chronic renal failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the kidney to effectively eliminate toxins, solutes, and excess water, necessitating the use of hemodialysis. The current study aimed to evaluate adipocytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers in sera of hemodialysis patients. This study involved 60 hemodialysis patients, of whom 64% were female and 36% were male. Additionally, 40 healthy control volunteers participated in the study. Adipocytokines and oxidative stress markers were measured using the ELISA technique, whereas the spectrophotometric method measured lipid profile and renal function. The t-test, correlation, receiver operating characteristic, and logistic regression were used in the statistical analysis. Patients undergoing hemodialysis exhibited significant differences compared to healthy controls in serum concentrations of several parameters. Significantly higher levels of adiponectin (23.46 ng/mL), resistin (5.50 ng/mL), visfatin (47.0 ng/mL), and chemerin (169.0 ng/mL) were measured in patients undergoing hemodialysis as compared to healthy controls. Similarly, significantly higher levels of oxidative stress markers such as superoxide dismutase (3.78 U/mL), glutathione peroxidase (129.79 pg/mL), and malondialdehyde (4.66 mmol/L) were measured in patients undergoing hemodialysis as compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, adipocytokine parameters and oxidative stress markers have been found to be abnormal in hemodialysis patients and have an effect on atherosclerosis and heart failure progression.
Cloning, expression, and purification of fusion antigens MPT83 and ESAT6 from the local strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Escherichia coli as a seed vaccine candidate against tuberculosis
Authors: Ladju Rusdina , Ahmad Ahyar , Karim Abdul , Arfah Rugaiyah , Agus Rosana , Hidayah Najdah , Massi Muhammad , Nurhasanah Astutiati , Karim Harningsih , Handayani Irda
Published: December 2024

Eradicating tuberculosis (TB) globally is increasingly challenging with the growing number of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) strains. The development of more potent TB vaccines is critical to complement overall TB control strategies and overcome the growing challenge of drug resistance. In this study, the recombinant plasmid pGEM-T Easy- Rv2873 + Rv3875 has been generated by inserting the Rv3875 gene, which encodes the ESAT6 protein, into the pGEM-T Easy- Rv2873 vector at the BamHI/HindIII cloning site. Following transformation into E. coli JM109, the plasmid was extracted, PCR amplified, and DNA sequencing. The existence of the appropriate recombinant Rv2873 + Rv3875 fusion genes was confirmed through the observation of a band of 948 base pairs in the colony PCR product containing fusion antigens. A band measuring 3966 base pairs was observed in the recombinant plasmid pGEM-T Easy- Rv2873+Rv3875, supporting the presence of the desired fusion genes target. The fusion genes Rv2873+Rv3875 were cloned into the expression vector pTrcHisA. This resulted in the pTrcHisA Rv2873+Rv3875 recombinant fusion plasmid, which was subsequently introduced into the E. coli BL21 strain through transformation. The fusion protein, comprising the 6XHis tag, exhibited a molecular mass of around 28 kilo Dalton and was synthesized as an insoluble protein inside E. coli BL21. In conclusion, the purified recombinant fusion protein MPT83 and ESAT6 hold promise for TB diagnosis and show potential as vaccine candidates in the future.
General Health of Healthcare Professionals With Low Back Pain
Authors: Ogurlic Ranka , Svraka Emira , Aukicevic Anka
Published: December 2024

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of morbidity in the healthcare profession. It is a complex problem of the biopsychosocial factors (BPS) effect, where processing mechanisms affect the experience of pain, function, participation in society and personal prosperity. Psychological factors are important predictors of poor outcomes because they can significantly influence pain management and coping. Objective: To determine the prevalence of psychological factors, the difference in general health and the tendency toward psychological dysfunction of healthcare professionals with low back pain at different levels of healthcare system. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in five primary, secondary and tertiary level healthcare institutions in Boka Kotorska, Montenegro (December 2021 - July 2022). The study involved 192 subjects with LBP who voluntary entered the study and met the inclusion criteria. The study instrument was the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), which provides information on mental health by identifying symptoms of distress. The data were analyzed using the χ2 test with a statistical significance limit of p<0.05. Results: The study included n=67 (34.9%) respondents working at secondary level, n=63 (32.8%) at the primary level and n=62 (32.3%) working at tertiary level, predominantly female. Analysis of the psychological factors representation indicate significant differences in overcoming difficulties (p=0.05), enjoyment in daily activities (p=0.042) and feelings of happiness and progress (p=0.004). There were statistically significant differences in general health and in the tendency to psychological dysfunction (p=0.005). Tendency to somatic symptoms is most prevalent at primary (55.6%) and tertiary (51.6%) healthcare level. Respondents working at Secondary level showed a tendency towards social dysfunction, anxiety and depression (50.7%, 17.9% and 3%). Conclusion: Psychological factors are represented differently in the healthcare profession. A statistically significant difference was found among healthcare professionals of the examined levels, especially in the feeling of inability to overcome difficulties, enjoyment in usual daily activities, and feeling of happiness and progress. There is also a significant difference in the representation of psychological dysfunction at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of healthcare, while general health is most impaired among healthcare professionals working at the secondary level.
Fostering women's leadership. Gender-based resilience series, 2
Authors:   UNESCO
Published: December 2024

This report, part of UNESCO’s Gender-Based Resilience Series, examines how gender inequalities across policymaking, the labour market, and innovation affect societies’ full potential. It highlights the importance of women’s representation in leadership, the workforce and innovation to enhance societal resilience. The report stresses the relevance of setting international targets, such as the Beijing Declaration’s goal of 30% of women in decision-making and the G20 Brisbane target of a 25% reduction in labour market participation gap, to help advance accountability and progress. By adopting gender-transformative policies and promoting diversity in decision-making, the labour force, and high-tech sectors, stakeholders can accelerate progress toward more resilient, inclusive, and sustainable societies.
https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000392190
Catno: 0000392190
CIVIC COMPETENCES AS A TOOL FOR BUILDING A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY IN UKRAINE
Authors: DAVYDENKO Oksana
Published: December 2024

The article examines the current issues of the formation of civic competences and the development of civic education in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. Emphasizing the principles of the creation and progress of a democratic state system, the author proposed practical conclusions regarding the need to regulate them, since they (principles) play a decisive role in the formation of civic competences among representatives of Ukrainian society. Focusing on the philosophical understanding of the role and influence of civic education, an attempt to investigate the issue of the formation of sustainable civic skills and the mechanisms of their practical implementation was made. The understanding of the concept of «civic competence», «civic education», their tasks and goals, which go beyond philosophical categories and have specific socio-political frameworks determined by legal or legislative acts at the state level, is characterized. Various terminological approaches are outlined. Attention is focused on the socio-political approach, which is based on the ability of an individual to participate in socio-political processes, and the pedagogical approach, which defines this category as a combination of knowledge, abilities, skills, experiences, value orientations, etc., which help a person to understand their place in society and become a realized citizen of the Ukrainian state. In order to form and strengthen civil competences, which, in the opinion of the author, are critically important in the current conditions for the preservation of democracy and statehood, effective solutions and practical tools on this issue are proposed. The article discusses the problems of the formation of civic competences not only in formal education, but also in informal education, the possibility of their implementation in the difficult conditions of the Ukrainian present. The legislation in the field of civic education is analyzed, the priority of the problem of forming a conscious and responsible citizen is emphasized, which requires, first of all, the implementation of state policy, prompt response by lawmakers, updating and actualization of legislative acts in terms of civic education.
فقهاء المالكية في كتاب "ترتيب المدارك وتقريب المسالك لمعرفة أَعلام مذهب مالك " للقاضي عياض ـ دراسة كمية ـ في الاَنتماءات القبلية ـ
Authors: فتح الله عبد الوهاب محمود الرعاش فائز
Published: December 2024

يُعتبر القاضي عياض (ت 544 هـ / 1149 م) من الاَئمة والعلماء البارزين الذين كان لهم دور كبير في نشر المذهب المالكي في الغرب الاسلامي وفي الاندلس ولقد تتلمذ على يديهِ الكثير من العلماء والفقهاء ، وكان له الكثير من المؤلفات والمُصنفات ، ومنها التنبيهات المستنبطة على المدونة وكذلك الشفا بتعريف حقوق المصطفى ، فضلاً عن كتابهُ " ترتيب المدارك وتقريب المسالك " الذي ذكر فيه فقهاء المالكية وكانوا حسب ترتيبهِ ، منهم من ينتمي الى قبيلة ومنهم الى بطن ومنهم الى فخذ ومنهم الى مدينة ومنهم الى حرفة ومنهم الى فكر مُعين ، ومنهم الى فِرقة مُعينة ، وكان عدد الفقهاء المالكية الذين ذكروا في كتابه " ترتيب المدارك " قُرابة الف وثلاثمائة وإِثنان وستون ، منهم ما يُقارب مائتان وثمانون فقيهاً ، ذكروا باسماء القبائل والبطون ، اَما الباقي فيرجعون الى مناطق ومِهن وغير ذلك ، ولقد إِتبعنا في بحثنا هذا المنهج الكمي الإحصائي ، الذي يقوم على تصنيف المُعطيات وتحليلها وفق خطوات إِحصائية للخروج بنتائج شُبه دقيقة .
الأمن السيبراني في ظل الذكاء الاصطناعي
Authors: منصور أحلام
Published: December 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور الذكاء الاصطناعي باعتباره أحد المدخلات الحديثة في المجال التقني في تعزيز الأمن السيبراني، عبر التعرف على مفهوم الذكاء الاصطناعي وتطبيقاته المختلفة والمتنوعة والهامة في تعزيز الأمن السيبراني،  من خلال تحسين كفاءة أمن المعلومات فهو يمكن من تقليل الأخطاء وتعزيز اتخاذ قرارات أمنية مستنيرة بناء على تحليل كميات ضخمة من البيانات بسرعة ودقة،  وبناء اعلى الأنماط والتنبؤات، كما يسمح الذكاء الاصطناعي بأتمتة العمليات الأمنية الالكترونية المتكررة مما يحرر الموظفين للتركيز على مهام أكثر استراتيجية، ويوفر أدوات لرصد التهديدات الأمنية وتحليل بيانات الشبكات للكشف عن الأنشطة المشبوهة مما يساعد على حماية المعلومات الحساسة للإدارة.

الكلمات المفتاحية : الأمن السيبراني، الذكاء الاصطناعي، التهديدات الالكترونية.
STUDY OF SOIL HEALTH ISSUES BY THE SENATE OF CANADA
Authors: Grigor'eva E. , Shul'ga P.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the report published in June 2024 by the Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry of the Canadian Parliament "Critical Ground: Why Soil is Essential to Canada's Economic, Environmental, Human, and Social Health. The report is based on the results of a large-scale Committee's study of the soil health of Canada, conducted between May 2022 and February 2024. More than 150 experts representing soil scientists, agronomists, farmers, ranchers, foresters, farm and environmental organizations, agribusiness, industrial groups, federal, provincial and territorial authorities spoke at the hearings on this issue in Parliament. Their opinions were taken into account in the preparation of the final report, which includes recommendations to the Government on the protection of the country's soils.