bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure and Optical Properties of TiO2 Thin Films Prepared by a Sol-Gel Processing
Authors: Kayani Zohra N. , Saleem Mehawish , Riaz Saira , Naseem Shahzad , Saleemi Farhat
Published: March 2019

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were deposited on CR-39 by a sol-gel dip coating route with different withdrawal speeds ranging from 250 to 350 mm/s. The TiO2 thin films were characterised by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ellipsometry, and ultraviolet (UV)-visible (VIS)-near infrared (NIR) spectro-photometry. The role of withdrawal speed on the thickness of thin films to tailor properties of TiO2 thin films was studied. The XRD results revealed that all the films are amorphous in nature. TiO2 thin films deposited at different withdrawal speeds exhibit a decrease in transmission with an increase in speed. The direct optical band gap of the films has been estimated to be in the range 3.48–3.00 eV by UV-VIS-NIR spectro-photometry and 3.52–3.38 eV by ellipsometry. TiO2 is a potential prospect in microelectronic applications and can serve as an absorber layer for photovoltaic devices. Surface morphology is granular with an increase in grain size and an increase in withdrawal speed.
Components of rice husk biochar in promoting the growth, sporulation and iturin A production of Bacillus sp. strain IA
Authors: Ebe Shohei , Ohike Tatsuya , Okanami Masahiro , Ano Takashi
Published: March 2019

In a previously study, the Bacillus sp. strain IA was successfully isolated with high sensitivity to rice husk biochar (RHB). Moreover, RHB promoted an antibiotic iturin A production by strain IA. In order to develop the biocontrol agent, we attempted to reveal the functions of the RHB in promoting the production of iturin A by strain IA. The promotion effects of growth, sporulation and iturin A production of strain IA by the RHB were explained as follows. First, the manganese ion, released from RHB, promoted the sporulation and iturin A production of strain IA. Second, the silicon dioxide contained in RHB adsorbed the metabolic inhibitor(s) and promoted the iturin A production of strain IA. Finally, the combination of manganese ion and silicon dioxide promoted the growth, sporulation and iturin A production of the Bacillus sp. strain IA. To culture strain IA in the medium combining manganese ion and silicon dioxide, the total cells, spore cells and iturin A production increased 15 times, 10,000 times and 18 times higher than the control medium, respectively.
Actitudes lingüísticas de los hispanohablantes hacia su propia lengua: nuevos alcances
Authors: Quesada Pacheco Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2019

Most research works on language attitudes, which have been done within the Hispanic world, deal with issues where Spanish is usually confronted with other languages (American Indian languages, Catalan, Valencian, Galician, Equatorial Guinean languages, English, etc.), or about attitudes in some Spanish-speaking countries with respect to other varieties of Spanish, both in the Americas and Spain. However, a global, comprehensive study, which would include all Spanish speaking countries, and which would assess their attitudes, beliefs and prejudices equally, was missing, so that it would have been possible to count for a thorough and at the same time comparative study about how Spanish speakers evaluate not only their own speech, but the speech of others around them. The present study describes in broad strokes the most recent research and their new contributions in the Spanish-speaking world.
Development of a Social Network–Based Intervention to Overcome Multilevel Barriers to ART Adherence Among Adolescents in Brazil
Authors: Biello Katie B. , Grinsztejn Beatriz , Fernandes Nilo Martinez , Edeza Alberto , Kamel Luciana , Salhaney Peter , Veloso Valdiléa , Mimiaga Matthew J.
Published: March 2019

Brazil's comprehensive HIV treatment program does not specifically address ART adherence challenges for adolescents—a group accounting for the largest number of incident HIV infections in Brazil. We conducted three focus groups with 24 adolescents (age 15–24) living with HIV in Rio de Janeiro, separately for cisgender men who have sex with men, heterosexual-identified cisgender men and women, and transgender women of any sexual orientation, and key informant interviews (n = 7) with infectious disease specialists and HIV/AIDS service organization staff. Content analysis identified socioecological barriers and facilitators to adherence, including individual (e.g., low knowledge, side effects, and substance use), interpersonal (e.g., stigma from partners and health care providers) and structural (e.g., transportation and medication access) barriers. Overlapping and unique barriers emerged by sexual/gender identity. A community-informed, theory-driven ART adherence intervention for adolescents that is organized around identity and leverages social networks has the potential to improve HIV treatment and health outcomes for Brazilian adolescents.
Designing an Individually Tailored Multilevel Intervention to Increase Engagement in HIV and Substance Use Treatment Among People Who Inject Drugs With HIV: HPTN 074
Authors: Lancaster Kathryn E. , Miller William C. , Kiriazova Tetiana , Sarasvita Riza , Bui Quynh , Ha Tran Viet , Dumchev Kostyantyn , Susami Hepa , Hamilton Erica L. , Rose Scott , Hershow Rebecca B. , Go Vivian F. , Metzger David , Hoffman Irving F. , Latkin Carl A.
Published: March 2019

People who inject drugs (PWID) face barriers to engagement in antiretro-viral treatment (ART) and medication-assisted treatment (MAT). We detail the design, rapid preparation and adaptation, and systematic implementation of a flexible, individually tailored intervention for PWID in multiple settings: Indonesia, Ukraine, and Vietnam. HPTN 074 integrated systems navigation and counseling to facilitate entry and adherence to ART and MAT. Site-level guidance on the intervention involved in-depth interviews (IDIs) among PWID and their supporters and site-specific document review. IDIs emphasized ART misinformation and importance of social support for adherence. The document review revealed differences in health care system barriers, requiring an intervention that was flexible and tailored enough to address key outcomes. Implementation included regular debriefs for iterative adaptations based on participants' needs, including booster counseling sessions and subsidizing pre-ART testing. HPTN 074 provides a unique framework implementing a flexible and scalable intervention to improve ART and MAT outcomes among PWID across multiple settings.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MICROWAVE POWERS ON THE DRYING KINETICS AND POWDER PROPERTIES OF FOAM-MAT DRIED EGG WHITE POWDER
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN KOÇ Gülşah , ÇABUK Burcu
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study is
to determine the effect of different microwave powers on the drying kinetics
and powder properties of foam mat dried egg white powder. For this purpose, the
egg white foam was obtained by using kitchen blender (1000W, 5min) and dried in
a domestic microwave oven at five different microwave powers (120-720W).
According to the results, the drying time decreased from 360s to 80s according
to increasing microwave power (P <0.05). In order to determine the
drying kinetic of egg white foam, the experimental data was fitted to various
semitheoretical models and one empirical model. Page model which showed the
highest R2 values (0.983-0.994) was chosen as the most suitable
model for determining the drying behavior of egg white foam. In addition, the
average effective moisture diffusivity and activation energy values were
calculated and ranged between 3.3389E-08 to 1.4139E-07 m2/s and
28.0640 W/g, respectively
ASSESSMENT OF SOME PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY PARAMETERS OF RAW MEATBALLS PREPARED WITH HIGH PRESSURIZED MEAT
Authors: UZUNLU Sinan
Published: March 2019

Raw Meatball (Çiğ Köfte) is a
traditional Turkish food prepared from raw beef or lamb meat, bulgur, tomato
and/or pepper paste, spices, and condiments that is treated with any process
and consumed raw. In this study, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) was applied to
post-rigor minced beef meat at 50–300 MPa for 20 mins at room temperature
to improve safety of Çiğ Köfte. Physicochemical (aw, moisture, pH,
and colour) and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria analyses were performed on
both minced beef and raw meatball samples. Significant (P <0.05)
differences caused by the HHP treatment were observed in the physicochemical
and microbial analyses: Total aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts decreased as
HHP levels increased. Therefore, it is concluded that HHP treatment is a
promising process for preparing Çiğ Köfte while maintaining its traditional
recipe. The application of the current study is expected therefore, would be a
new insight for ready-to-eat food sector.
BIOMONITORING OF SOME PERSISTENT ORGANOCHLORINE CONTAMINANTS IN THE MILK OF ANATOLIAN WATER BUFFALOES
Authors: ATMACA Enes
Published: March 2019

In this study, 50 raw milk
samples of Anatolian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis, Linneaus, 1758)
belonging to different dairy farmers in the Kızılırmak Delta in Samsun, Turkey,
were investigated for contamination by 9 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and
16 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The contaminants were extracted
cryogenically from the milk fat and their concentrations were determined with a
gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The mean level of
alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in the milk samples was 6.34 ng/g/fat,
beta-HCH was 20.41 ng/g/fat, gamma-HCH was 9.77 ng/g/fat, ∑DDTs was 18.11
ng/g/fat and ∑Indicator-PCBs was 127.27 ng/g/fat. The mean values, except for
aldrin and ∑DDTs, were above the maximum residue limits (MRLs) stated in the
European Commission (EC) Regulations and Turkish Food Codex (TFC). Regular monitoring and reporting of the levels of
persistent organochlorines in the meat, milk and processed products of water
buffaloes is essential for the assessment of human, animal and environmental
health.
Isolation of Fission Yeast Condensin Temperature-Sensitive Mutants with Single Amino Acid Substitutions Targeted to Hinge Domain
Authors: Xu Xingya , Yanagida Mitsuhiro
Published: March 2019

Essential genes cannot be deleted from the genome; therefore, temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants and cold-sensitive (cs) mutants are very useful to discover functions of essential genes in model organisms such as Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To isolate ts/cs mutants for essential genes of interest, error-prone mutagenesis (or random mutagenesis) coupled with in vitro selection has been widely used. However, this method often introduces multiple silent mutations, in addition to the mutation responsible for ts/cs, with the result that one cannot discern which mutation is responsible for the ts/cs phenotype. In addition, the location of the responsible mutation introduced is random, whereas it is preferable to isolate ts/cs mutants with single amino acid substitutions, located in a targeted motif or domain of the protein of interest. To solve these problems, we have developed a method to isolate ts/cs mutants with single amino acid substitutions in targeted regions using site-directed mutagenesis. This method takes advantage of the empirical fact that single amino acid substitutions (L/S -> P or G/A -> E/D) often cause ts or cs. Application of the method to condensin and cohesin hinge domains was successful: ∼20% of the selected single amino acid substitutions turned out to be ts or cs. This method is versatile in fission yeast and is expected to be broadly applicable to isolate ts/cs mutants with single amino acid substitutions in targeted regions of essential genes. 11 condensin hinge ts mutants were isolated using the method and their responsible mutations are broadly distributed in hinge domain. Characterization of these mutants will be very helpful to understand the function of hinge domain.
Role of High-sensitivity Cardiac Troponin in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Narayanan Mahesh Anantha , Garcia Santiago
Published: March 2019

Chest pain is one of the most common reasons for an emergency room (ER) visit in the US, with almost 6 million ER visits annually. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hscTn) assays have the ability to rapidly rule in or rule out acute coronary syndrome with improved sensitivity, and they are increasingly being used. Though hscTn assays have been approved for use in European, Australian, and Canadian guidelines since 2010, the FDA only approved their use in 2017. There is no consensus on how to compare the results from various hscTn assays. A literature review was performed to analyze the advantages and limitations of using hscTn as a standard biomarker to evaluate patients with suspected ACS in the emergency setting.
Conduction Abnormalities After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Kanjanauthai Somsupha , Bhasin Kabir , Pirelli Luigi , Kliger Chad A ,   Valve and Structural Heart Center, Lenox Hill Heart and Lung, New York, NY
Published: March 2019

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been established as a therapeutic option for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis who are of intermediate or higher surgical risk. Several periprocedural complications are reduced with newer transcatheter heart valve generations; however, conduction abnormalities and the need for permanent pacemaker implantation have remained unchanged and are the most frequent TAVR complications. The close relationship of the atrioventricular node and left bundle branch to the subaortic region explains these potential conduction abnormalities. This article highlights conduction abnormalities after TAVR with a focus on basic conduction system anatomy in relation to the aortic valve, the mechanism, incidence, predisposing factors for occurrence, impact on mortality and finally, proposed treatment algorithms for management.
Análisis Político del Discurso e investigación empírica: herramientas teóricas y estrategias metodológicas para estudiar identidades y procesos políticos desde América Latina
Authors: Fair Hernán
Published: March 2019

Este artículo ofrece algunas herramientas teóricas y elabora algunas estrategias metodológicas consistentes y útiles para profundizar y fortalecer el Análisis Político del Discurso y la investigación empírica de identidades, fenómenos y procesos histórico-políticos, enfocados en los problemas de y para América Latina. En primer lugar, distingue, desde la Teoría Política del Discurso de Laclau, dimensiones, planos y niveles internos. Luego, operacionaliza algunos de los principales conceptos de la teoría de la hegemonía desde el análisis de los enunciados textuales-escritos y la delimitación de tres niveles ascendentes de estructuración de los discursos. Por último, articula el artefacto con algunas herramientas complementarias de teoría y sociología política, y análisis del discurso político para estudiar los enunciados de los actores sociales, sus formas de organización colectiva y sus diferentes grados de institucionalización. El trabajo incluye algunos ejemplos ilustrativos de investigaciones previas situadas en América Latina para mostrar el funcionamiento del artefacto teórico-metodológico desde la dinámica política de la lucha por la hegemonía.
Aportes sobre la cooperación científico-tecnológica entre Argentina y Colombia (2007-2015)
Authors: López María Paz
Published: March 2019

Este trabajo pretende aportar al estudio de la cooperación científico-tecnológica entre Argentina y Colombia a principios del siglo XXI, más precisamente, entre los años 2007 y el 2015. Se enmarca en una investigación de más largo alcance, centrada en el examen de la cooperación en ciencia y tecnología entre los países de América Latina y avanza sobre distintas dimensiones de análisis: la dimensión contextual, explora las políticas científicotecnológicas y exteriores de Argentina y Colombia; la dimensión normativa, observa la intención, plasmada en memorandos y acuerdos, de avanzar en la integración de los países a través del trabajo conjunto en ciencia y tecnología; la dimensión instrumental, caracteriza el programa de cooperación entre Mincyt y Colciencias, abocado al apoyo de la movilidad de los recursos humanos en el marco de proyectos conjuntos de investigación; y la dimensión micro-social, da voz a los investigadores protagonistas de la cooperación, indagando alcances y limitaciones.
Feminismos entrecruzados: luchas por la despenalización del aborto y el medioambiente en el Ecuador
Authors: Varea Soledad
Published: March 2019

Este articulo explica cómo las actoras feministas se identificaron con el discurso del sumak kawsay de las mujeres indígenas alrededor del cuidado del medio ambiente, la infancia y las mujeres que viven en las comunidades, vinculándolo con la despenalización del aborto y presentándolo bajo la propuesta de “gestión de la vida”. Este fue un momento histórico en para las mujeres campesinas y urbanas que habían sido fuertemente cuestionadas por el gobierno de la revolución ciudadana en el Ecuador. Así, luego de hacer un pequeño recorrido histórico por hitos de los feminismos, se explica cómo fue este proceso de identificación.
Villaboy, S. y González, R. (2017). Dictaduras del Caribe. Estudio comparado de las tiranías de Juan Vicente Gómez, Gerardo Machado, Fulgencio Batista, Leónidas Trujillo, Los Somoza y Los Duvalier. Barranquilla: Editorial Universidad del Norte. 159 pp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt2050w7v
Authors: Vargas Alejo
Published: March 2019

La obra que estamos comentando, de los Profesores Sergio Guerra Vilaboy, Historiador cubano y Roberto González Arana, Historiador colombiano, es una contribución muy importante al estudio de los regímenes políticos latinoamericanos y especialmente caribeños, abordando un grupo representativo de regímenes autoritarios en la primera mitad del siglo XX, buscando profundizar en las casualidades y el contexto de los mismos. En la literatura de análisis de regímenes políticos latinoamericanos hay una tradición mayor de analizar las denominadas revoluciones del siglo XX en la región, con énfasis en la revolución mexicana, boliviana, cubana y nicaragüense, acerca de los cuales también los profesores Villaboy y González junto con Alejo Maldonado Gallardo nos han hecho un importante aporte en su obra Revoluciones Latinoamericanas del Siglo XX sobre las revolución mexicana, cubana y nicaragüense.
Presentación
Authors: Mantilla Silvia
Published: March 2019

Desde el año 2006 la revista Ciencia Política viene publicando semestralmente un amplio número de artículos dedicados a la investigación, la reflexión y el pensamiento sobre problemas políticos y sociales de la realidad nacional e internacional desde distintas miradas interdisciplinares. El presente número, lejos de compartir un tema central, representa esa diversidad de temáticas y enfoques que, no obstante, han coincidido en su fuerte inclinación hacia el abordaje de problemas de la sociedad latinoamericana y colombiana en particular.
Injusticia espacial urbana en asentamientos informales
Authors: Rincón Castellanos Milena
Published: March 2019

Los asentamientos de origen informal en colombiana han surgido como una alternativa de acceso a vivienda para la población social y económicamente vulnerable frente a las limitadas oportunidades institucionales de acceso a una solución habitacional. Así, las víctimas del conflicto armado por desplazamiento forzado y la población que se encuentra en situación de pobreza han encontrado en esta modalidad de urbanización un refugio en la ciudad. Sin embargo, las diferentes modalidades de acceso al suelo marcado por procesos de urbanización irregular y de autoproducción de vivienda, desarrollados lejos del cumplimiento de la norma urbana,  conllevaron a relacionar este tipo de asentamientos con una ciudad ilegal. Esta denominación conduce a la invisibilización de un conjunto de injusticias que las familias que allí habitan  enfrentan permanentemente. Ante este escenario se adopta el concepto de justicia espacial propuesto en los años setenta con el movimiento intelectual denominado Geografía Radical, con el objetivo de explorar nuevas formas de aproximación a los asentamientos de origen informal que permita superar la idea confusa de entender lo legal como una acción de justicia. La  exploración se realiza a partir de la revisión del conjunto de acciones políticas derivadas de las leyes diseñadas para garantizar el acceso a una vivienda a aquellas víctimas de desplazamiento forzado, producto del conflicto armado interno en Colombia, y la realidad observada a través de historias de vida. Finalmente, se observa que el diseño de las políticas públicas continúa siendo pensado desde una mirada utilitarista y que, por esta razón, las acciones de justicia se siguen midiendo en términos económicos y no en términos sociales.
Imaginario urbano de la Ciudad de México en los Siglos XIX y XX
Authors: Marín Guzmán Annette , Quirós Villalobos Andrés
Published: March 2019

Se reseña el trabajo curatorial “Ciudad Imaginaria: Arquitectura mexicana de los siglos XIX y XX en fotografías de Luis Márquez Romay”, desde una perspectiva geográfica que busca comprender las imágenes de diferentes paisajes urbanos retratados. Por medio de la identificación de los edificios, se encontró una relación entre el centro de la ciudad, el centro colonial, con los periodos de construcción, la distancia con respecto a dicho centro, los estilos arquitectónicos y los usos de las edificaciones los cuales se abordan a través del contexto histórico de la ciudad.
Refugio tropical
Authors: Serrano Jiménez Triana
Published: March 2019

Ubicada en la periferia montañosa de Río de Janeiro, la vivienda representa un buen ejemplo de adaptación climática y paisajística con su entorno natural. La escogencia adecuada de materiales de la zona y la incorporación de grandes ventanales combinados con una limpia caja de hormigón, van muy bien con la sombra generada por amplias y generosas cubiertas. Su interior se caracteriza por amplios espacios apropiadamente iluminados y en constante relación con la naturaleza exterior, también aprovechada por sus terrazas, jardines y piscina.
Presentación
Authors: UCR REVISTARQUIS
Published: March 2019

Presentación y Editorial
Reflexiones sobre los procesos de recuperación de los espacios públicos por medio de la participación activa: De la teoría a la práctica
Authors: Lira Sánchez Daniel
Published: March 2019

El presente ensayo expone las reflexiones del autor en torno a posturas teóricas relacionadas con el Derecho a la Ciudad, la gestión de los espacios públicos y los procesos sociales comunitarios y como estas se traducen a una práctica cotidiana para la producción de los espacios públicos comunitarios desde la gente. Repasa los conceptos de participación ciudadana, participación activa, organización comunal, procesos sociales, aprendizaje colectivo, derecho a la ciudad, espacio social, entre otros. Esto se contrapone con lo realizado en tres proyectos o procesos sociales que buscan la recuperación de sus espacios públicos comunitarios por medio de la participación de las comunidades en miras a un desarrollo comunal más integral.Palabras Clave: espacio público; participación activa; derecho a la ciudad; producción del espacio; recuperación de espacios públicos.
Taller de Activación Urbana TAU
Authors: Moya Rodríguez Guillermo , Morales López Jimmy
Published: March 2019

En agosto del 2018 se llevó a cabo la séptima edición del Taller de Activación Urbana (TAU). A saber, el Taller plantea un espacio de experimentación, arte y discusión sobre la forma de habitar nuestros espacios públicos, desde una perspectiva de activación urbana por parte de la ciudadanía. Este año se presentó como tema específico “Ciudad y Género, desde un enfoque feminista”; se trabajó sobre la línea temática de “Integración de Bordes Urbanos” específicamente en el límite sur de la Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio. El Taller contó con la participación de seis facilitadoras (es) internacionales y siete nacionales que favorecieron la concreción de distintas propuestas enfocadas a la activación del espacio mediante la reflexión y construcción colectiva de procesos participativos para la autogestión del espacio público en todas sus dimensiones.Palabras clave: espacio público; participación; acción participativa, ciudad y género.
Instructivo
Authors: UCR REVISTARQUIS
Published: March 2019

Instructivo para la publicación de artículos
Evaluation of powdery mildew resistance in various melon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes
Authors: Ivanova Zh. , Vasileva K. , Velkov N. , Grozeva S.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera xanthii and Golovinomyces cichoracearum, is an economically important disease in melon worldwide. Genetic resistance is one of the most suitable strategies to control powdery mildew. During the last few years several races of the pathogens have been reported. The need to develop resistant varieties is a challenge for each breeding program. Leaf disc assay was used in phytopathology and breeding programs as a rapid and reliable method for evaluation of disease resistance in a large number of plant materials. The purpose of this study was to establish species and races of powdery mildew in Plovdiv region, South Central Bulgaria; to develop a suitable system of pathogen isolation and cultivation; to determine the resistance levels in different melon genotypes available in Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute (MVCRI) - Plovdiv collection by the leaf disc assay. Fifty-three melon genotypes, including lines, varieties, hybrids and ten differential lines were tested. The data showed that causal agent of powdery mildew was race 1 of P. xanthii in Plovdiv region. Our experimental results indicated that for the long-term storage of powdery mildew it is preferable to keep a whole plant under in vitro conditions. This allows the preservation of powdery mildew for two months before transferring on a new tissue. Thirty-four of the tested melon genotypes reacted as immune or resistant and nineteen as susceptible. Resistant melon genotypes are a suitable source in initiating a new breeding program aimed to increase resistance to powdery mildew.
Genetic diversity at four Nigerian sheep breeds assessed by variation of albumin and carbonic anhydrase in cellulose acetate electrophoretic systems
Authors: Osaiyuwu O.H. , Akinyemi M.O. , Salako A.E. , Awobajo O.K.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence and distribution of variations in blood protein markers in sheep breeds in Nigeria and to evaluate the relationships that exist among them. A total of 100 sheep comprising of twenty-five each of Balami, Uda, Yankassa and West African Dwarf (WAD) breeds were sampled for biochemical studies. Blood was collected to determine variations at the Albumin and Carbonic Anhydrase structural protein loci using cellulose acetate electrophoresis. All tested loci were polymorphic yielding four allelic variants (CAF, CAS, AlbA, and AlbB) at the two protein loci. Genetic variability in the studied population was accessed using heterozygosity (observed – Ho and expected – He), effective number of alleles (Ne), fixation index (F) and gene flow (Nm). Genotypic frequencies ranged from 0.01 to 0.62 for Ca and 0.25 to 0.49 for Alb loci. Estimated heterozygosity values ranged from 0.32±0.28 at Balami sheep to 0.70±0.22 in WAD with a global average estimated at 0.43±0.09 for all the breeds studied. The gene flow values for each of the loci studied were 0.82 and 1.24 for Alb and Ca, respectively, with an average value of 1.03. The results showed that Yankassa and Balami sheep populations are more genetically (Nei's genetic identify value – 0.99) alike compared to Yankassa and WAD (0.73). Based on the values of heterozygosity (mean He =0.70 and Ho =0.45) assessed by variation of albumin and carbonic anhydrase the most genetic diverse is WAD sheep breed among the studied populations.
Evaluation of Primary Health Care attributes of Fortaleza city, Ceará State, Brazil
Authors: Rolim Leonardo Barbosa , Monteiro Janássia Gondim , Meyer Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira , Nuto Sharmênia de Araújo Soares , Araújo Márcio Flávio Moura de , Freitas Roberto Wagner Junior Freire
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the Primary Health Care attributes of Fortaleza city, Ceará State. Method: Evaluative study carried out at 97 Primary Health Care Units, from August 2015 to June 2016. 451 professionals from the Family Health Strategy participated in the study. We used the Primary Care Assessment Tool - Brazil, which evaluates the attributes, assigning scores on a scale of zero to ten. We adopted as a cut-off point, to consider high Primary Care score, attributes with a value of 6.60 or higher. Results: Among the eight attributes evaluated the First Contact Access and the Coordination - Information System were the ones that obtained the lowest and highest scores, (2.98) and (7.82), respectively. The Overall Score, calculated by means of a mean of the attributes, was 6.34. Conclusion: The Primary Care evaluated had a low score, showing the need to discuss mechanisms to boost the attributes that obtained low scores.
Antineoplastic therapy administration: Nursing intervention in the relief of suffering
Authors: Sá Eunice , Lopes Maria dos Anjos Pereira , Basto Marta Lima
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the nursing interventions with potential to act on the suffering and to evaluate the results of the nursing intervention designed. Method: We used a multi method study. After the identification of the scientific evidence and having found the supporting theory, the intervention process to relieve the suffering of hospitalized patients was modeled using the methodology of qualitative research. Then, training conditions were created for the implementation of the intervention Chemotherapy Administration as an Individualized Nursing Intervention, with a Quasi Experimental, longitudinal piloting study. Results: The patients of the experimental group showed values of suffering lower than the control group . Having finished the pilot study, we would return to qualitative research to understand the variation of some data. Final Considerations: The use of mixed methods of investigations allowed the understanding of the different components of drug chemotherapy administration as an individualized nursing intervention.
Serological response to Neospora caninum infection in goats and agreement between three diagnostic techniques to detect caprine neosporosis
Authors: Kim Pomy C.P. , Melo Renata P.B. , Almeida Jonatas C. , Silva José G. , Ribeiro-Andrade Muller , Porto Wagnner J.N. , Pinheiro Junior José W. , Mota Rinaldo A.
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to measure the serological response of goats infected with Neospora caninum by assessing the diagnostic performance and agreement between three techniques (indirect immunofluorescent antibody test, IFAT; Neospora agglutitation test, NAT; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA). The panel of sera were comprised of 500 samples of goats, and 60 reference serum samples. These reference and field serum samples were tested by ELISA, NAT, and IFAT. In the field serum samples tested, the seroprevalences of anti-N. caninum antibodies were 3.2%, 4.6%, and 6.4% in the NAT, IFAT and ELISA, respectively. Using the IFAT as the gold standard, the NAT and the ELISA agreement was considered weak (k=0.28) and strong (k=0.75), respectively. When the IFAT performance was used for comparison purposes, the ELISA showed 91.3% sensitivity and 97.7%, specificity with a PPV of 65.2% and a NPV of 99.6%; The NAT presented sensitivity of 26.1% and specificity of 97.9% with a PPV of 37.5% and a NPV of 96.5%. Accordingly, the IFAT should remain the assay of choice for studies about N. caninum infection in goats in individual serum samples. A combination of serological assays with high sensitivity and specificity is recommended in serosurveys of caprine neosporosis.
AVALIAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA DE PRODUTIVIDADE EM PESQUISA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO TOCANTINS: UM OLHAR SOB A ÓTICA DA ECONOMIA COMPORTAMENTAL
Authors: Ayroza Igor Feitosa Lacorte , Rodrigues Waldecy , Rocha Hainnan Souza , Pedroza Filho Manoel Xavier
Published: March 2019

RESUMO O presente estudo buscou compreender os efeitos do uso de incentivos na produtividade dos docentes beneficiados pelo Programa de Produtividade em Pesquisa (PPP) da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), sob a ótica da Economia Comportamental. Teve como objetivos (i) verificar se, por meio dos incentivos, os indivíduos aumentaram ou não a produtividade em pesquisa; (ii) identificar quais características individuais impactaram mais a propensão dos indivíduos a ingressarem no programa; e (iii) analisar se os resultados obtidos convergiram ou divergiram da teoria da Economia Comportamental. Foi realizada análise documental (AD), na qualforam analisados os currículos Lattes dos 125 integrantes da amostra. Com os resultados obtidos na AD, foram utilizadosos métodos de avaliação de impacto Propensity Score Matching e Diferença em Diferenças para aferir o efeito do tratamento. Durante a vigência do programa, houve aumento da média de produtividade nos dois grupos analisados, porém com maior evolução no grupo de controle, o que demonstra os limites dos incentivos financeiros sobre o desempenho dos indivíduos, como preconiza os pressupostos teóricos da Economia Comportamental.
DESONERAÇÃO DA CESTA BÁSICA OU EXPANSÃO DO PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA? UMA SIMULAÇÃO POR EQUILÍBRIO GERAL COMPUTÁVEL
Authors: Araújo Ewerton Melo , Paes Nelson Leitão
Published: March 2019

RESUMO Com o objetivo de reduzir a pobreza, a partir do ano de 2013 o governo brasileiro promoveu a desoneração da cesta básica e aumentou o valor do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). Este trabalho busca analisar qual das duas opções de política teria maior impacto sobre as famílias mais pobres caso os recursos destinados às duas fossem iguais. Em seguida buscou-se verificar qual nível de focalização requerido para o PBF igualaria os impactos das duas políticas. Para tanto se construiu um modelo de equilíbrio geral com tempo discreto e famílias heterogêneas. Os resultados mostram quea elevação das transferências gera maior benefício sobre o bem-estar da classe mais pobre do que a desoneração da cesta básica. Tal resultado se mantém para um nível de focalização do PBF a partir de 35,4%. Para níveis de focalização menores que esse, a desoneração da cesta básica passa a ser preferível.
A CAMINHO DE BAYREUTH: A MÚSICA NA OBRA DE MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: SAYERS RAYMOND S. , DIEGO MARCELO
Published: March 2019

Resumo Neste ensaio inaugural, Raymond S. Sayers acompanha o processo de educação musical de Machado de Assis, ao mesmo tempo que observa a progressiva sofisticação das referências musicais no interior da ficção machadiana. Depois de mapear a paisagem sonora complexa em que se inserem tanto o escritor quanto seus narradores e suas personagens, o ensaísta aprofunda-se na análise do diálogo entre o romance de Machado de Assis e a ópera de Richard Wagner.
Ó TEMPOS! Ó SAUDADES! MACHADO DE ASSIS ESPECTADOR DE TEATRO
Authors: VANNUCCI ALESSANDRA
Published: March 2019

Resumo Machado de Assis foi espectador de teatro na corte do Segundo Reinado, registrando tal atividade na forma de crônicas, folhetins, pareceres para censura, contos e romances. Sua atuação como crítico contribuiu com a ampla campanha intelectual de formação de público, que o escritor abandonou em seguida, mostrando-se decepcionado com os rumos da desejada reforma da cena nacional. A partir de 1865, devotado à ficção, escreveu apenas ocasionalmente sobre teatro, abrindo exceção para cinco hiperbólicas resenhas por meio das quais acompanhou a primeira temporada brasileira (em 1869) da atriz italiana Adelaide Ristori, mundialmente consagrada como "rainha das cenas". Este ensaio procura inventariar as ideias teatrais de Machado e seus hábitos de espectador, cotejando as observações sobre o trabalho da atriz, até agora desconsideradas por especialistas da obra.
THE SHREW AND THE SHREWD: MACHADO DE ASSIS'S LIÇÃO DE BOTÂNICA
Authors: HALLING ANNA-LISA
Published: March 2019

Abstract Machado de Assis's play Lição de botânica (1906) transforms William Shakespeare's chauvinistic play Taming of the Shrew (1590-1592) into an entertaining exercise in feminist thought through the inversion of gender roles. As in Machado's novels, the female characters in Lição become agents, acting rather than being acted upon by others. By creating strong, smart, independent female characters and contrasting them with an awkward and accidentally humorous male character, Machado undermines misogyny and endorses feminist ideals.
Group of pregnant women and / or pregnant couples: a collective construction process (1996-2016)
Authors: Vieira Amanda Nicácio , Padilha Maria Itayra , Costa Roberta , Gregório Vitória Regina Petters , Silva Amina Regina
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand how the process of construction of the Group of Pregnant Women and/or Pregnant Couples of the Federal University of Santa Catarina from 1996 to 2016 was established. Method: Qualitative research of a social historical nature, involving nine health professionals who participated in the group of pregnant women and/or pregnant couples in this period. The date of collection took place between February and May 2017. Data analysis was guided by Orem's Self-Care Theory and Bardin's content analysis technique. Results: The process of construction of the group of pregnant women had strong influence from the public health policies of the University Hospital Maternity and its assistance of the time. Likewise, it was created based on the need for guidance to pregnant women and their companions to deal with the pregnancy-puerperal process with the perspective of a multidisciplinary and integral work, stimulating self-knowledge and self-care. Conclusion: The group emerged as an extension project and strengthened by public health policies, its scientific evidences and by the assistance philosophy of a maternity school. The group building process involved a set of actions, planning and execution of activities, building an educational space, free of charge, with an exchange of mutual experience and open to the community.
Ultrastructure of phagocytes and oocysts of Nematopsis sp. (Apicomplexa, Porosporidae) infecting Crassostrea rhizophorae in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Silva Themis Jesus , Soares Emerson Carlos , Casal Graça , Rocha Sónia , Santos Elton Lima , Nascimento Renato , Oliveira Elsa , Azevedo Carlos
Published: March 2019

Abstract This work describes the detailed ultrastructural morphology of the phagocyte imprisoning an oyster of Nematopsis (Apicomplexa) found in Crassostrea rhizophorae, in the city of Maceió (AL), Brazil. The highly infected hosts had half-open leaflets with weak, slow retraction of the adductor muscles. Variable number of ellipsoid oocytes, either isolated and or clustered, was found between myofibrils of the adductor muscle. Each oocyst was incarcerated in a parasitophorous vacuole of host uninucleated phagocyte. The oocysts were composed of a dense wall containing a uninucleate vermiform sporozoite. The wall of the fine oocysts was composed of homogeneous electron-lucent material formed by three layers of equal thickness, having a circular orifice-micropyle obstructed by the operculum. The oocysts presented ellipsoid morphology with their wall was surrounded by a complex network of numerous microfibrils. Important details of the taxonomic value were visualized such as the ultrastructural organization of the oocyst wall and the organization of the micropyle and operculum, beyond the microfibrils that protrude from the oocyst wall only observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and that may aid in the identification of the species. However, in order to clarify the systematic position of the species reported of the genus Nematopsis, it is important to proceed with genetic analyses.
SANAYİDE KULLANILAN ELEKTRİK TÜKETİMİ İLE DIŞ TİCARET DENGESİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: YAPISAL KIRILMALI TESTLERLE EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ
Authors: ÇÜTÇÜ İbrahim
Published: March 2019

Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde dış ticaret
dengesini etkileyen en önemli faktörlerden biri enerji tüketimidir. Tüketilen
enerji türleri arasından ise özellikle imalat sektörü için düşünüldüğünde
elektrik enerjisi ön plana çıkmaktadır. Elektrik enerjisi, TUIK verileri
incelendiğinde ağırlıklı olarak mesken, ticari, resmi daireler, sanayi,
aydınlatma ve diğer sektörler olarak ifade edilen alanlarda kullanılmaktadır.
Bu alanların arasında ise sanayide kullanılan elektrik, en yüksek kullanım
miktarı ile ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de 1970-2015 yılları
arasındaki sanayide kullanılan elektrik tüketimi ile dış ticaret dengesi
arasındaki ilişki yapısal kırılmalı testlerle analiz edilmektedir. Yapılan Hatemi-J
Eşbütünleşme Testi sonuçlarına göre sanayide kullanılan elektrik tüketimi ile dış
ticaret dengesi arasında uzun dönemli bir etkileşim tespit edilmiş olup
Hacker-Hatemi J Bootsrap Nedensellik analizinde ise değişkenler arasında çift
yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisine rastlanmamıştır.
SOSYAL İNOVASYONUN VE SOSYAL GİRİŞİMCİLİĞİN SOSYAL HİZMET MESLEĞİNİN GELECEĞİNDEKİ ROLÜ
Authors: Yıldırım Buğra , Tuncay Tarık
Published: March 2019

Sosyal inovasyon ve sosyal girişimcilik,
sosyal hizmet terminolojisinde iki yeni kavram olarak anılmaya başlamıştır. Mesleğin
kuramsal yaklaşım ve uygulamalarından yararlanmak isteyen kişilerle yeni
bilgileri paylaşmak için geleneksel yöntemlerin dışına çıkılması gerekir. Sosyal
çalışmacıların incinebilir gruplarla çalışırken geçirdiği dönüşümü ve süreci
sosyal inovasyon, kullandığı yeni yöntem ve teknikleri ise sosyal girişimcilik
başlığı altında değerlendirmeliyiz. Bu makalenin amacı, sosyal inovasyonun ve
sosyal girişimciliğin genelde sosyal refah hizmetlerinde özelde sosyal hizmet
mesleğinin uygulamalarında oynayacağı rolü tartışmaya açmaktır. Sosyal
inovasyon ve sosyal girişimcilik sosyal sorunları ölçeklendirmede farklı bakış
açıları sunabilir. Dolayısıyla sosyal inovasyon ve sosyal girişimcilik; sosyal çalışmacıların
toplumsal sorunlara yönelik geliştirdiği bir dizi yeni strateji olarak teşvik
edilmelidir.
ARAŞTIRMA-GELİŞTİRME HARCAMALARININ TÜRKİYE İHRACATINA ETKİLERİ
Authors: ACARAVCI Ali , AKALİN Güray , ERDOĞAN Sinan
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye ekonomisinde araştırma-geliştirme (AR-GE)
harcamalarının Türkiye kişi başı reel ihracatına etkileri, 1990-2014 dönemi
için gecikmesi dağıtılmış otoregresif (ARDL) modeliyle araştırılmıştır. Ticaret
ortaklarının ortalama kişi başına reel geliri ve reel kur modele kontrol
değişkenleri olarak eklenmiştir. Uzun dönemli katsayı sonuçları, araştırma-geliştirme
(AR-GE) harcamaları ve ticaret ortaklarının ortalama kişi başına reel
gelirinin, Türkiye kişi başı reel ihracatını pozitif; reel kurdaki değer
artışlarının ise Türkiye kişi başı reel ihracatını negatif etkilediğini
göstermektedir.
The effect of aluminum additives on the content and parameters of the fine structure of titanium carbosilicide in SHS powders
Authors: Talako T. L. , Letsko A. I. , Reutsionak Yu. A. , Abramchuk A. P. , Oglezneva S. A. , Kachenyuk M. N. , Smetkin A. A.
Published: March 2019

The dependence of the phase composition and parameters of the fine structure of titanium carbosilicide in powders obtained by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis on the concentration of aluminum in the 5Ti/2SiC/1C reaction mixture was investigated. The aluminum concentration was varied in the range of 0.1–0.4 mole fraction while maintaining the total carbon content. It has been established that aluminum additives not only affect the yield of titanium carbosilicide, but also contribute to the predominant formation of Ti5Si3 instead of TiSi2 in synthesis products, which is identified in non-aluminum powders. The introduction of a small amount of aluminum (0.1 mole fraction) leads to the formation of a solid solution of Ti3Si1–xAlxC2 and reduces the content of impurity phases in SHS powders by 6 %. With a higher aluminum content in the reaction mixture, the concentration of carbosilicide in SHS powders decreases, and that of binary compounds (TiC, Ti5Si3, TiAl) increases accordingly. Within the concentration range of 0.1–0.25 mole fraction, no noticeable effect was observed from the introduction of aluminum on the crystal lattice parameters of titanium carbosilicide in SHS powders. A significant increase in the parameters a and c of Ti3Si1–xAlxC2 (from a = 3.067 Å, c = 17.67 Å to a = 3.07 Å, c = 17.73 Å) while maintaining the ratio with с/a within known values (с/a = 5.78) is observed only when the aluminum concentration is 0.4 mole fraction. The crystallite size of titanium carbosilicide depends primarily on the burning parameters. At the same time, the deformation of the Ti3Si1–xAlxC2 crystal lattice in SHS powders monotonically grows with increasing aluminum content in the reaction mixture in the investigated concentration range.
Study of the effect of dispersion and homogeneity of the structure on the properties of powder metastable austenitic carbide steels and diamond tools
Authors: Oglezneva S. A. , Saenkov K. L. , Knyazev A. A.
Published: March 2019

Diffusion and homogenization in powder systems of varying degrees of dispersion «iron (5 μm) – nickel (5 μm or 50 nm)» during sintering (900 and 1000 °C), as well as spark plasma sintering using the Matano-Boltzmann method were studied. In these systems, the calculated diffusion coefficients in pairs of micron powders, sintered without application of pressure (900 °C, 6 h) and the spark plasma method (900 °C, 5 min), were equal to 7·10–10 cm2/s. It is shown that in diffusion pairs based on microdispersed iron powder, the use of nanodispersed nickel powder instead of microdispersed one contributes to an increase in the diffusion coefficient at a temperature of 900 °C by a factor of 2. The constants in the sintering kinetics equation of V.A. Ivensen are calculated for iron–nickel powder systems. Through them the factors activating the sintering of these systems were established. The dependences of the structure-phase composition and physicomechanical properties of carbides of the Fe (base) system — 14 wt.% Ni – 8 wt.% TiC system on the sintering temperature in the interval t = 900÷1200 °C, dispersion and homogeneity of the structure were determined. The dependences of grain size, porosity, hardness, microhardness, toughness, bending strength on sintering temperature are shown. The established dependences of the tribotechnical properties on the degree of homogeneity of the solid solution and the volume of the phase transformation of the metastable austenite to deformation martensite during friction on the abrasive were similar for carbide steels and diamond tools based on carbide steels. The optimal values of the coefficient of variation of nickel concentration in austenite in carbidostils of the same chemical composition, but different dispersion, providing the maximum amount of austenite decomposition and high values of the diamond tool grinding coefficient were 5 in both systems, but the sintering parameters differed. It is shown that the physicomechanical properties of the studied systems depend on the porosity and dispersion of the structure, and the tribotechnical properties are subjected to the homogeneity of the structure of the steel.