bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Microwave Multi-Adsorbent Nanocomposites Based on Copper, Iron Carbonyl, Carbon Nanofiber, Graphite Nanoflake and Polypyrrole
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Hossien , Azimi Ali , Sama Sadat Hosseini
Published: January 2021

The composites of Cu, Carbonyl iron (CI), carbon nanofiber (CNF), graphite nanoflake (GNF)/polypyrrole (PPy) and [(Cu-CI-CNF-GNF) 0.5-PAA]-PPy0.5 were synthesized via different methods by in-situ polymerization on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) with core-shell structure. This paper describes a method for polyacrylic acid (PAA) coating of NPs in aqueous solution. Then PPy coating was performed by template polymerization on NPs-PAA. Morphology, magnetic and conductivity properties were observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and four probe method, respectively. The microwave characterization of nanocomposite was evaluated through arch test based on a network analyzer. The PPy nanocomposites possessed the excellent microwave multi absorbers properties in 2-18 GHz. It was also found that nanocomposites with 50% w/w and light weight exhibit good microwave absorbing properties in 2-3 GHz and 5-14 GHz frequency, so can be used to cellphone, radio frequency and radar shielding.
The Minimalistic Malignancy- Low grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma
Authors: Bajaj Anubha
Published: January 2021

Low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is an exceptional, low grade, soft tissue sarcoma with indolent biological behaviour, extensive preclinical stage, enhanced localized tumour reoccurrence and delayed, distant metastasis. As the deceptively benign neoplasm was initially scripted by Evans in 1987, the tumefaction is nomenclated as “Evan’s tumour”. Incidence of sarcomas is nearly 1% of adult malignancies wherein low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma represents roughly beneath <5% of soft tissue sarcomas 1.
Diagnostic and treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant and planning pregnancy patients: modern view of the problem
Authors: Shilova E. S. , Borovik N. V. , Popova P. V. , Yarmolinskaya M. I.
Published: January 2021

There is no universal diagnostic and treatment strategy of subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) in pregnant women and those who are planning pregnancy due to differences in population-specific and trimester-specific thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) reference values, influence of thyroid autoimmunity markers on pregnancy outcomes, adherence to fixed universal cutoff concentrations TSH in Russia and multidisciplinary team care with different treatment opinions involving. An absence of universal approach to SHT leads to excess treatment, financial and psychological burden on pregnant women.Up to American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines 2017 and project of Clinical Guidelines of Russian Association of Endocrinologists 2019 a treatment strategy of SHT should be left up to the endocrinologist to choose. In our paper we systematize global scientific and clinical experience of planning and management pregnancies with SHT to help physicians to choose treatment option based on principals of evidence-based medicine.
Gonadal dysgenesis 46,XY DSD associated with variants in the MAP3K1 gene
Authors: Kalinchenko N. Y. , Tiulpakov A. N.
Published: January 2021

Disorders of sex development (DSDs) are congenital conditions in which phenotype does not correspond to chromosomal and gonadal sex. To date, the etiology of DSD is established only in half of the cases. With the development of modern methods of molecular genetic diagnostics in the last decade, a number of new regulators of gonad differentiation have been discovered, whose expression disorders can lead to DSD. Among these factors, Mitogen-activated triple protein kinase 1 (MAP3K1). A distinctive feature of studying the detected variants in the MAP3K1 gene that they lead to activation of MAP3K1. It does not allow using generally accepted pathogenicity assessment algorithms. However, the frequency of detection of changes in MAP3K1 is up to 18% of all cases of DSD, according to literature, which emphasizes the importance of studying each identified case, establishing the relationship of the disease with the identified genetic disorders. In this article, we present a clinical, hormonal, and molecular genetic description of 7 cases of DSD associated with variants in MAP3K1, an analysis of the significance of our own data, and a short analysis of the current scientific literature on this issue.
INDEX OF CURRENCY MARKET TURBULENCE AND ESTIMATION OF LEADING INDICATORS: THE CASE OF TURKEY
Authors: AKKAYA Murat
Published: January 2021

A currency crisis is a condition in which the exchange rate significantly depreciates for a short period of time. Currency crises have significant economic and social consequences. Therefore, many indices are created to determine the degree of pressure in economies and to forecast the financial crises. According to the Signal Approach, it is thought that a variable gives a warning signal that a crisis may occur if a variable goes beyond a certain threshold level. The main purpose of this study to investigate the validity of the Index of Currency Market Turbulence developed by Kaminsky and Reinhart for Turkey in the period January 1999- December 2019. The results show that the Index is working, and the formula is correct. The another aim is to determine the leading indicators with respect to the Index of Currency Market Turbulence in the prediction of crises by Vector Auto Regressive (VAR) Model. The leading indicators causing financial crises, are tried to be determined by using Index of Currency Market Turbulence. Vector Autoregressive analysis results show that Unemployment Ratio, Exports/Import ratio, and the Non-Residents’ Equity Portfolio are exogenous, and other variables are not. Granger Causality test results show that the Unemployment Rate, Net International Reserves, US Dollar /TRL Currency Buying Rate and the Non- Residents’ Equity Portfolio can be used as leading indicators. VAR analysis, variance decomposition and Granger Causality test results show that Unemployment Rate (UR), Net International Reserves (NIR), US Dollar/ TRL Buying Rate (USD/TRL), the Equity Portfolio of Non-Residents (NREP) can be used as leading indicators
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Tradisional
Authors: Wijayanti Urip Tri
Published: January 2021

Background: The use of modern contraceptives in Central Java tends to decrease while traditional methods are increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the use of traditional contraceptives among currently married women aged 15-49 in Central Java Province. The factors discussed include the number of children born alive, wife's age, wife's education, wife's occupation, residence, and access/utilization of family planning information sources.Method: The research design was cross-sectional, used secondary data from the Central Java SKAP 2019. The total number of respondents was 2.088 married women aged 15-49 years and not currently pregnant. Data collected by interview using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis with univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the chi-square statistical test with a significance level of 5%.Results: The research found that most respondents were ≥ 35 years old, having ≥ 2 children, having high education level (senior high school to higher education), not working, living in the cities, and able to use some media to find information about family planning. The related factors to the use of traditional contraceptive methods were education and residences. The number of live birth children, ages, jobs, and the use of media did not influence the use of the traditional contraceptive method.
One Village One Brand for Sustainable Rural Economic Development: A Three Stream Perspective
Authors: Azizah Nurul , Kriswibowo Arimurti
Published: January 2021

Brand is the concrete form to encourage the intellectual property right (IPR) awareness. IPR becomes key to promote the product abroad. However, there is still a little awareness about how to protect the IPR, in the rural business area particularly. Thus, it becomes necessary to create a brand in a village, which will cover all the rural masterpieces to encourage the rural economy and protect its potential. This strategy is called as one village one brand. OVOB “One Village One Brand” is initiated by APEC project of Korea Institute of intellectual property and this program supports the economic growth and development in the Asia Pacific region. This study focused on the Agenda Setting stage. This study aims to find out how the Agenda Setting process of One Village One brand (OVOB) program in Kediri Regency. This research uses descriptive-qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of literature review, observation, and documentation. The result found that the BUMDES “Karya Mandiri” OVOB Program Setting Agenda uses the Quick Decision Analysis method. Meanwhile, the Public Problem Priority Preparation Technique is used through the priority process of public problems, evaluating by stakeholders on policy alternatives, and inferring priority issues. The Agenda Setting process correspond to Three Stream Theory, that is, in terms of the Problem Stream, it is known that problem mapping is done by the rural government. By the Policy Stream, the single-issue background is the issue of lack of skills and infrastructure which is then reviewed and produces the OVOB program. According to Politics Stream, this program will get support from the village government and the budget is included in the APBD that supports what is then included in the village government work program and BUMDES.
The History of Urbanization in Java Island: Path to Contemporary Urbanization
Authors: Octifanny Yustina
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the historical analysis of the spatial transformation and emerging urban reality in Java Island. The historical approach used to understand the urbanization dynamics from the year 1200 until the present time. The study passes through important historical events: early Archipelago, precolonial, colonial state, late colonialization, Japanese occupation, Indonesia’s independence, Indonesia’s democratic experiment, guided democracy, new order, fall of the new order, and post-Suharto era, in which the history of urbanization pattern is also visualized on the map. From a long time frames the colonial state, new order, and the post-1997 financial crisis are the most important influence for Java’s urbanization. From the study, it reveals that the urbanization in Java Island has undergone a series of events that made the urban population contracted or expanded; hence its centers moved to different places. The study also underlines the influence of colonial and economic crises which made Java, and particularly Jakarta, to emerge as the epicenter of urbanization in Indonesia, as Jakarta’s urban development was further enhanced after Indonesia’s independence.
Flavius Areobindus – wódz jednej wojny
Authors: Leszka Mirosław
Published: January 2021

Artykuł poświęcony został Flavius Areobindus, przedstawicielowi wojskowej arystokracji ostatnich dekad V i pierwszych VI w., magistrowi militum per Orientem i konsulowi roku 506.  Areobindus pojawia się wyraźniej na kartach źródeł jedynie w kontekście wojny bizantyńsko-perskiej z lat 503–505.   Wzmiankowany jest również w związku z wydarzeniami  rozgrywającymi się na tle religijnym w Konstantynopolu w  listopadzie 512 r. Został wówczas, bez żadnego zresztą własnego udziału, wskazany przez buntujących się przeciw cesarzowi Anastazjuszowi,  jako kandydat do cesarskiego tronu. Był mężem  Anicji Juliany, jednej z najwybitniejszych kobiet wczesnego Bizancjum.
French image of the inhabitants of the Illyrian Provinces and the emergence of South Slavic nationalisms
Authors: Sajkowski Wojciech
Published: January 2021

The Illyrian Provinces, a part of the 1st French Empire which existed in the years 1809-1813, are often portrayed as a political entity which anticipated various projects of the political emancipation of the South Slavs. However, the link between later pan-South-Slavic movements and the Napoleonic political activity is a matter which still remains unclear and deserves some in-depth analysis. Most often the Napoleonic impact on the evolution of the nascent South-Slavic nationalisms is viewed in the perspective of the posterior political attitudes of the Croat, Slovene or Serbian elites towards the French, and their own interpretations of the Napoleonic impact on the pan-South-Slavic movement. The proposed paper will concentrate on the opposite approach and will investigate how French perceived the South Slavs in the perspective of the nascent nationalisms, especially that French propaganda presented Napoleon as the savior of the European nations including the „Illyrian” one. But how French defined this „Illyrian” nation? This question can be answered thanks to the French strive for description of the societies inhabiting Illyrian Provinces.
CZEGO PRAGNĄ PRZYSZLI FILOLODZY... WYNIKI BADANIA PILOTAŻOWEGO NA TEMAT ŚWIADOMOŚCI WYBORU I OCZEKIWAŃ STUDENTÓW FILOLOGII
Authors: Smuk Maciej
Published: January 2021

The main of this article is to present the results of a pilot study carried out among 476 students of selected foreign languages at Warsaw University. The research covered the following  issues: (1) students’ interest in various courses included in philology studies (literature, linguistics, foreign language didactics, etc.); (2) the dominant motivation for undertaking philological studies and (3) students’ initial career plans. The research is diagnostic and descriptive and it will be continued at over a dozen Polish universities. The main goal of this project is to build  a social representation of foreign language studies in Poland today. The Polish Association of Modern Languages (PTN) is a patron of the study.
Grupowe oddziaływania penitencjarne na przykładzie programu dla skazanych młodocianych „Efekt motyla”
Authors: Poklek Robert
Published: January 2021

The purpose of serving a prison sentence is not isolating but inducing the perpetrators of crimes to refrain from committing offences in the future. This is possible when there are positive changes in their attitudes, and in particular when they create a need to respect the legal order and a sense of responsibility for their actions. For this purpose, in addition to other means of influence such as work, education, social contacts, cultural and educational activities and sports, or therapy, it is proposed to the detainees to participate in group resocialization programs. The article presents an example of resocialization program dedicated to convicted juveniles entitled “Butterfly Effect”. It presents the theoretical foundations of the program, the spectrum of objectives and results, the methods to achieve them, and scenario activities.
Globalization’s Challenges in the 21st Century – Using the Iceberg Strategy, the Butterfly Effect and Multiple Intelligences to Create a New Learning Model
Authors: Haller-Hayon Orit
Published: January 2021

Each student has their own individuality and special interests. One of the greatest challenges facing contemporary teachers is how to fascinate and link the students to the learning, to cause them to get excited and feel satisfaction. However, is it possible to attach different students with a diversity of abilities, dissimilar knowledge and different interests, to the same subject? Or is it a dream that cannot be fulfilled? The current article will introduce a new learning model, by using the ‘iceberg learning model’, understanding the influence of the ‘butterfly effect’ and the connection to the special ‘multiple intelligences’ of each student. Instead of seeing the subject of learning as a collection of facts, the concept of the iceberg sees the subject as a vast world full of information connected to endless forms related to the students’ areas of life. Therefore, the Iceberg learning method allows each student to be linked to the learning topic according to their own abilities, interests and desires; by using their unique strengths and utilizing their individual substantial intelligences.
Chemical composition and study on liquefaction optimization of chestnut shells
Authors: Cruz-Lopes Luísa P. , Domingos Idalina , Ferreira José , Esteves Bruno
Published: January 2021

Chestnut shell (CS) is a by-product of some food sector companies. The aim of this study was to test the suitability of this material to be liquefied with polyalcohols, optimizing the main liquefaction parameters in order to use the liquefied material for the production of high added value products. As the chemical composition of the fruit shell depends on the variation in the soil, climate, and species, the chemical composition of CS was determined. Liquefaction was performed with 50:50 ethyleneglycol:glycerol catalyzed by sulfuric acid. Different tests were carried out and several parameters were tested: particle size, temperature 130–190°C, and time 15–120 min. Chemical composition of CSs was determined. The main component found was lignin with 47.0%, which is higher than α-cellulose with around 20.5%, hemicelluloses 15.2%, and extractives in ethanol 8.8%. For the tested parameters, the best liquefaction yield was obtained at 190°C, 30 min, and a 40–60 particle size.
Participants with mild, moderate, or severe pain following total hip arthroplasty. A sub-study of the PANSAID trial on paracetamol and ibuprofen for postoperative pain treatment
Authors: Issa Luma Mahmoud , Thybo Kasper Højgaard , Hägi-Pedersen Daniel , Wetterslev Jørn , Jakobsen Janus Christian , Overgaard Søren , Mathiesen Ole
Published: January 2021

Objectives

In this sub-study of the ‘Paracetamol and Ibuprofen in Combination’ (PANSAID) trial, in which participants were randomised to one of four different non-opioids analgesic regimen consisting of paracetamol, ibuprofen, or a combination of the two after planned primary total hip arthroplasty, our aims were to investigate the distribution of participants’ pain (mild, moderate or severe), integrate opioid use and pain to a single score (Silverman Integrated Approach (SIA)-score), and identify preoperative risk factors for severe pain.

Methods

We calculated the proportions of participants with mild (VAS 0–30 mm), moderate (VAS 31–60 mm) or severe (VAS 61–100 mm) pain and the SIA-scores (a sum of rank-based percentage differences from the mean rank in pain scores and opioid use, ranging from −200 to 200%). Using logistic regression with backwards elimination, we investigated the association between severe pain and easily obtainable preoperative patient characteristics.

Results

Among 556 participants from the modified intention-to-treat population, 33% (95% CI: 26–42) (Group Paracetamol + Ibuprofen (PCM + IBU)), 28% (95% CI: 21–37) (Group Paracetamol (PCM)), 23% (95% CI: 17–31) (Group Ibuprofen (IBU)), and 19% (95% CI: 13–27) (Group Half Strength-Paracetamol + Ibuprofen (HS-PCM + IBU)) experienced mild pain 6 h postoperatively during mobilisation. Median SIA-scores during mobilisation were: Group PCM + IBU: −48% (IQR: −112 to 31), Group PCM: 40% (IQR: −31 to 97), Group IBU: −5% (IQR: −57 to 67), and Group HS-PCM + IBU: 6% (IQR: −70 to 74) (overall difference: p=0.0001). Use of analgesics before surgery was the only covariate associated with severe pain (non-opioid: OR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.29–0.82, weak opioid 0.56, 95% CI: 0.28–1.16, reference no analgesics before surgery, p=0.02).

Conclusions

Only one third of participants using paracetamol and ibuprofen experienced mild pain after total hip arthroplasty and even fewer experienced mild pain using each drug alone as basic non-opioid analgesic treatment. We were not able, in any clinically relevant way, to predict severe postoperative pain. A more extensive postoperative pain regimen than paracetamol, ibuprofen and opioids may be needed for a large proportion of patients having total hip arthroplasty. SIA-scores integrate pain scores and opioid use for the individual patient and may add valuable information in acute pain research.
Exploring peoples’ lived experience of complex regional pain syndrome in Australia: a qualitative study
Authors: Beales Darren , Carolan David , Chuah-Choong Joshua , Hammond Sarah , O’Brien Eimear , Boyle Eileen , Ranelli Sonia , Holthouse David , Mitchell Tim , Slater Helen
Published: January 2021

Objectives

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a persistent pain condition which is often misunderstood and poorly managed. Qualitative studies are needed to explore the lived experience of the condition and to better understand patient perspectives on their management experiences and needs. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of CRPS in Australia, including exploration of their perceptions of care and advice received from healthcare professionals.

Methods

A qualitative study with individual in-depth semi-structured, face-to-face interviews was performed (n=15, 80% female, average time elapsed since diagnosis 3.8 years). Qualitative data were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach.

Results

Four main themes with associated subthemes were identified, representing the participants’ journey: (1) Life Changing Impact of CRPS (Subthemes: Impact on self, Impact on others); (2) Variable Experiences of Care (Subthemes: Helpful experiences of care, Unhelpful experiences of care); (3) Making Sense of CRPS (Subthemes: Knowledge and understanding, Dealing with unpredictability); and (4) Perceptions on Lessons Learned from Living with CRPS (Subthemes: Acceptance was an important part of the journey, Trial and error was necessary to find an individual way forward, Coping strategies).

Conclusions

The themes identified align to and expand on prior qualitative research findings in people with CRPS. It highlights the challenges people face related to their personal self, their close relationships and their social and work roles. It highlights the difficulties these people have in finding reliable, trust-worthy information. These findings suggest that healthcare professionals may benefit from education about how to better support people with CRPS, including helping people to navigate to the right care. Engaging people with CRPS in the development of educational resources should be a future research goal. It is recommended that patient perspectives are incorporated into the development of care pathways for CRPS.
ESTUDO DA ESTIMATIVA DA CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA CORRENTE DE FUGA NA CALIBRAÇÃO DE RESISTORES PADRÃO UTILIZANDO O MÉTODO DE CALIBRAÇÃO POTENCIOMÉTRICO NA FAIXA DE 100 KΩ A 1 GΩ COM FONTE ALIMENTAÇÃO DE 10 VCC
Authors: Da Silva Márcio Cândido
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo aborda o uso de metodologias disponíveis em um equipamento comercial para calibrar resistores padrão na faixa de 100 kΩ a 1 GΩ com tensão de calibração de 10V. Essas medições são realizadas através de uma ponte automática de altos valores de resistência para buscar metodologias capazes de estimar a contribuição da incerteza de medição devido a corrente de fuga em calibração de resistores padrão. A calibração de resistores padrão pode ser afetada por diversas grandezas tais como: temperatura, umidade, tensão aplicada, short term drift e corrente de fuga devido a isolação dos terminais e cabos de ligação dos resistores. Durante as calibrações de resistores de alto valor de resistência utilizando o método potenciométrico, a maioria das grandezas de influência são controladas, excetuando-se a corrente de fuga que depende do material utilizado na fabricação do resistor e cabos de ligação.
Face-Selective Units in Human Ventral Temporal Cortex Reactivate during Free Recall
Authors: Khuvis Simon , Yeagle Erin M. , Norman Yitzhak , Grossman Shany , Malach Rafael , Mehta Ashesh D.
Published: January 2021

Research in functional neuroimaging has suggested that category-selective regions of visual cortex, including the ventral temporal cortex (VTC), can be reactivated endogenously through imagery and recall. Face representation in the monkey face-patch system has been well studied and is an attractive domain in which to explore these processes in humans. The VTCs of 8 human subjects (4 female) undergoing invasive monitoring for epilepsy surgery were implanted with microelectrodes. Most (26 of 33) category-selective units showed specificity for face stimuli. Different face exemplars evoked consistent and discriminable responses in the population of units sampled. During free recall, face-selective units preferentially reactivated in the absence of visual stimulation during a 2 s window preceding face recall events. Furthermore, we show that in at least 1 subject, the identity of the recalled face could be predicted by comparing activity preceding recall events to activity evoked by visual stimulation. We show that face-selective units in the human VTC are reactivated endogenously, and present initial evidence that consistent representations of individual face exemplars are specifically reactivated in this manner.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT
The role of “top-down” endogenous reactivation of native representations in higher sensory areas is poorly understood in humans. We conducted the first detailed single-unit survey of ventral temporal cortex (VTC) in human subjects, showing that, similarly to nonhuman primates, humans encode different faces using different rate codes. Then, we demonstrated that, when subjects recalled and imagined a given face, VTC neurons reactivated with the same rate codes as when subjects initially viewed that face. This suggests that the VTC units not only carry durable representations of faces, but that those representations can be endogenously reactivated via “top-down” mechanisms.
Research Identity Development of Counselor Education Doctoral Students: A Grounded Theory
Authors: Limberg Dodie , Newton Therese , Nelson Kimberly , Barrio Minton Casey A. , Super John T. , Ohrt Jonathan
Published: January 2021

We present a grounded theory based on interviews with 11 counselor education doctoral students (CEDS) regarding their research identity development. Findings reflect the process-oriented nature of research identity development and the influence of program design, research content knowledge, experiential learning, and self-efficacy on this process. Based on our findings, we emphasize the importance of mentorship and faculty conducting their own research as a way to model the research process. Additionally, our theory points to the need for increased funding for CEDS in order for them to be immersed in the experiential learning process and research courses being tailored to include topics specific to counselor education.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Doctoral Counselor Education
Authors: Snow William H. , Field Thomas A.
Published: January 2021

This lead article introduces a special issue of The Professional Counselor designed to inform and support faculty, staff, and administrative efforts in starting or revitalizing doctoral degree programs in counselor education and supervision. We review the 14 studies that make up this issue and summarize their key findings. Seven key themes emerged for faculty and staff to consider during program development: (a) the current state of research, (b) doctoral program demographics and distribution, (c) defining quality, (d) mentoring and gatekeeping, (e) increasing diversity, (f) supporting dissertation success, and (g) gaining university administrator support. We recognize the vital contribution of these articles to doctoral counselor education and supervision program development while also highlighting future directions for research emerging from this collection.
Gender, Sexuality, and Love between Women in California’s Suffrage Campaign
Authors: Rouse Wendy
Published: January 2021

The traditional narrative of the women’s suffrage movement has presented a “respectable” version of suffrage history primarily focused on the prominent role of elite, cisgender, heterosexual white women in fighting for the vote. Scholars are currently challenging that narrative. The story of California suffragists Gail Laughlin and Dr. Mary Austin Sperry “queers” our understanding of suffrage history by revealing the ways that suffragists transgressed normative boundaries of gender and sexuality not only in their norm-defying gender expressions, but in their non-heteronormative domestic arrangements.
Selina Solomons, Iconoclastic Suffragist of San Francisco
Authors: Elinson Elaine
Published: January 2021

This essay describes the efforts of Selina Solomons, a San Francisco suffragist, and her perspectives on two California suffrage campaigns, the failed 1896 effort and the success in 1911. Born to a distinguished Jewish family that had fallen on hard times, Solomons felt the suffrage movement was hindered by its reliance on elite society women. She organized the Votes for Women Club and took bold public action to bring working-class women into the movement and to secure the votes of immigrant and laboring men.
Pituitary haemorrhage and infarction: the spectrum of disease
Authors: Iqbal Fizzah , Adams William , Dimitropoulos Ioannis , Muquit Samiul , Flanagan Daniel
Published: January 2021

Background

Pituitary apoplexy is an acute syndrome of haemorrhage or infarction into the pituitary. The condition is relatively well-described. Less well-described is sub-acute presentation of the same condition.

Objective

To compare the clinical presentation and natural history of subacute pituitary haemorrhage/infarction with pituitary apoplexy (acute).

Method

Retrospective analysis of a consecutive cohort of 55 patients (33 with pituitary apoplexy, 22 with subacute disease) presenting to University Hospital Plymouth between 1994 and 2019. Comparison of the clinical, endocrinological and radiological features at presentation. Comparison of clinical treatment and subsequent outcomes for the two groups.

Results

There were no significant differences in predisposing factors for the two groups. Acute headache was more frequent in the acute group. Chronic headache was common in both groups prior to presentation. Low sodium was more common at presentation in the acute group (11/26 vs 2/19 P = 0.02) otherwise there were no differences in endocrine deficit at presentation. A significant proportion showed an improvement in endocrine function at follow up (acute 8/31, subacute 5/21 P = 1.0). MRI characteristics were variable at presentation and follow up in both groups. Ring enhancement with contrast was more frequent in acute (14/20 vs 3/11 P = 0.03). This appearance resolved at follow up in the majority.

Conclusions

Pituitary apoplexy has a characteristic and dramatic presentation. Subacute pituitary haemorrhage/infarction shows similar natural history and outcome. These conditions would appear to represent a spectrum of the same condition.
Strategische Innovationen
Authors: Pereira José Manuel , Scherm Ewald
Published: January 2021

Dynamische Umwelt- und Wettbewerbsbedingungen führen regelmäßig dazu, dass sich Branchen weiterentwickeln, ihre Grenzen auflösen oder sogar eine neue Branche entsteht. Vor diesem Hintergrund haben Innovationen an Bedeutung gewonnen und Unternehmen sind gezwungen, sich mit ihrer Innovationsfähigkeit auseinanderzusetzen. Besonderes Interesse kommt den sog. strategischen Innovationen zu, die Unternehmen zu nachhaltigen Erfolgen verhelfen können.
Crossmodal Correspondences between Color, Smell, and Texture: Investigating the Sensory Attributes of a Body Lotion
Authors: Wagner Udo , Steiner Elisabeth , Hartmann Carmen , Braun Katharina
Published: January 2021

This research explores the crossmodal correspondences within the field of sensory marketing. In particular, we investigate crossmodal effects between the visual, olfactory, and haptic senses. An extensive literature review reveals a lack of studies in this area but has allowed for a theory-driven approach. An empirical study was performed to explore how different combinations of sensory attributes of a body lotion affect (i) the perception of its color, scent, and texture; and (ii) the evaluation of success measures such as product quality and product liking. A preliminary study was done to determine the sensory attributes of the body lotion to be used in the main study. These attributes are designed to be perceived differently with respect to the manipulated modality but are otherwise similar. The main study employs a 2 × 2 × 2 full-factorial between-subjects design. The empirical findings demonstrate the existence of crossmodal effects. With regard to the assessment of the product, texture of the body lotion emerges as the most important sensory attribute.
Do Sustainability Labels Reinforce Health Claims - And Vice Versa?
Authors: Gröppel-Klein Andrea , Franke Claudia , Spilski Anja
Published: January 2021

Health has become a crucial advertising factor for food producers and retailers. Firms can now use health claims as effective tools to differentiate their products. However, several critical issues impact the efficiency of such health claims. In this study we investigate whether a co-labelling strategy might enhance the impact of health claims by combining the claim with a reinforcing element (“strong partner”), namely a sustainability label. The most common sustainability labels are the organic and the fair-trade label. Our findings show that combining a health claim with a sustainability label does indeed increase the credibility of the health claim, which then helps convey the product’s health message – although we find that this only applies to co-labelling with an organic label. At the same time, the organic label benefits from co-labelling with the health claim, and itself then becomes more credible.
Moderne Instrumente des Gesundheitscontrollings und -Monitorings
Authors: Treier Michael
Published: January 2021

Gesundheit und Arbeitsfähigkeit sind erfolgskritisch für das Humankapital. Das IT-basierte Gesundheitscontrolling identifiziert Risiken (Prävention), ermittelt Erfolge (Legitimation) und erhöht die Wirksamkeit (Nachhaltigkeit). Gesundheitscontrolling erweist sich als Rückgrat der gesunden Organisation, entschlüsselt ihren Gesundheitscode jenseits klassischer Kennzahlen und trägt zur Aktivierung der Gesundheitsfürsorge bei. Gesunde Organisation ist kein Zufall mehr.
Starke Partner: Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement und IT bei der AOK Niedersachsen
Authors: Köhler Ulrike , Kauk Sarah , Korthals Imme
Published: January 2021

Anfang 2014 ist in der AOK Niedersachsen (AOKN) ein systematisches internes betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement (BGM) aufgesetzt und in den Folgejahren weiterentwickelt und professionalisiert worden. Der Artikel gibt einerseits einen Überblick über drei wesentliche Voraussetzungen eines erfolgreichen BGMs, nämlich die Definition eines Zielbildes, die Analyse der Ausgangssituation sowie die feste Verankerung von Gesundheitsmanagement in den organisationalen Strukturen des Unternehmens. Andererseits bietet der vorliegende Artikel einen Einblick in die verschiedenen Säulen erfolgreichen BGMs bei der AOKN auf der Ebene der Verhältnis- sowie Verhaltensprävention. Dabei beleuchtet der Artikel, wie in der AOKN BGM-Maßnahmen hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkung gemessen und evaluiert werden. Deutlich wird auch anhand konkreter Praxisbeispiele, welche Chancen die Digitalisierung dem internen BGM bietet und welche Herausforderungen dabei im Zusammenspiel mit der Informationstechnik (IT) zu bewältigen sind.
Wearables als Schlüssel zur individuellen Gesundheit?
Authors: Rieder Annamina , Jung Reinhard
Published: January 2021

Wearables gelten als Hoffnungsträger der heutigen Zeit: Sie sollen die individuelle Gesundheit von Nutzern verbessern, dadurch die Gesundheitskosten senken und die gesellschaftliche Wohlfahrt erhöhen. Doch wie steht es wirklich um die Potenziale von Wearables? Dieser Beitrag gibt Einblick in Nutzung und Auswirkungen von Wearables und zeigt Implikationen für den Einsatz im betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagement auf.
Die Audiolandschaft im Zeichen derDigitalisierung (I)
Authors: Beule Vanessa , Hirschmeier Stefan , Schoder Detlef
Published: January 2021

Klassische Medienangebote werden von RezipientInnen zunehmend durch die Nutzung von zeitlich und örtlich unabhängigen nichtlinearen Angeboten abgelöst. Dies gilt sowohl für die Bewegtbild- als auch für Audionutzung. Unter den 14-29-jährigen werden dabei mehr Audioals Bewegtbild-Inhalte konsumiert (Frees, Kupferschmitt, & Müller, 2019). Gleichzeitig entsteht eine Vielzahl digitaler Produkte und Medienformate (Drnevich & Croson, 2013), die eine neue Art des Zugangs zu Inhalten eröffnen. Wie andere Branchen ist auch der Hörfunk vom digitalen Wandel betroffen und befindet sich derzeit in einem großen Umbruch. Medienorganisationen stehen vor der grundsätzlichen Frage, wie sie sich den Herausforderungen stellen sollen, zugespitzt auf das Motto „disrupt or be disrupted”.
Brauchen Medienunternehmen eine Haltung? Die Perspektive der Digitalen Ethik
Authors: Grimm Petra
Published: January 2021

Unter dem Titel „Topographie der digitalen Ethik“ zeichnete Prof. Dr. Petra Grimm, Professorin für Medienforschung und Kommunikationswissenschaft an der Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart, in ihrem Impulsvortrag den sich veränderten Stellenwert von Ethik nach. Sinn und Zweck der Ethik ist es nicht, Rezepte zu liefern, sondern die richtigen Fragen zu stellen. / Drei Fragen sollten sich Medienunternehmen stellen, wenn sie sich eine Haltung aneignen wollen: Wie können Unternehmen dazu beitragen, dass digitale Technologien werteorientiert gestaltet werden? Wie kann eine wertebasierte Gestaltung (Ethics by Design) in Medienunternehmen und Intermediären implementiert werden? Wie können Mitarbeiter*innen in Wertefragen und bei deren Umsetzung in konkretes Entscheiden und Handeln qualifiziert werden?
Control biológico de plagas agrícolas en Venezuela: los logros históricos de la empresa Servicio Biológico (SERVBIO)
Authors: Ferrer Wurst Francisco
Published: January 2021

Servicio Biológico, SERVBIO, empresa situada en el valle del Turbio, estado Lara, Venezuela, fundada por el autor entre 1977 a 2008, se dedicó a la producción de controladores biológicos y su uso en la agricultura venezolana, iniciándose en el control de los taladradores de la caña de azúcar del género Diatraea, con la mosca amazónica, Lydella (=Metagonistylum) minense (Diptera: Tachinidae), la cual se utilizó exclusivamente hasta el año 1988.  Después de seis años de haber realizado liberaciones en todo el territorio, Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) se estableció en 1987 en Ureña (estado Táchira) y Cariaco (estado Sucre), por lo que se inició en 1988 su producción masiva.   Entre 1962 y 2011, se disminuyeron los porcentajes de intensidad de infestación de 15 % hasta 1.68 % en el área de la Azucarera río Turbio y se tuvo un beneficio: costo del control biológico de 41.25 a 1. SERVBIO incursionó en la producción de diferentes controladores biológicos; en particular, desarrolló técnicas de producción, y su aplicación en los programas de manejo integrado de plagas (MIP). La introducción de Telenomus remus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitoide de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), desde un inicio, mostró efectividad con resultados, de alto parasitismo, y ahorro del uso de plaguicidas.  T. remus es utilizado en la actualidad en los programas de MIP del maíz y otras gramíneas. También SERVBIO experimentó la utilización del nematodo Heterorhabditis bacteriophora para el control de la candelilla o salivazo de la caña de azúcar, Aenolamia varia, lográndose 80 % de control en una hacienda en Turen (estado Portuguesa); por lo cual es adoptado actualmente para el MIP de la caña de azúcar. Por lo tanto, para las plagas clave de este cultivo, se cuenta con controladores biológicos eficientes. SERVBIO ha sido una empresa que ha prestado una labor educacional, que conduce trabajos de investigación y pasantías profesionales, tesis de grado, y prácticas para estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado. También ha prestado asesorías para instalación de laboratorios.
Escasez de agua en Tegucigalpa, Honduras: ¿Está siendo afectada la subcuenca Guacerique por la variabilidad climática y el arrastre de sedimentos?
Authors: Rodríguez Cruz German Onil
Published: January 2021

[Introducción]: En la parte baja de la subcuenca del río Guacerique (210 km2), el embalse Los Laureles (10 millones de metros cúbicos (MMC)), es la fuente de abastecimiento del 30 % de la población de Tegucigalpa, Honduras. El agua del embalse presenta problemas en época lluviosa ligados al incremento de turbidez y color, mientras en época seca, su volumen de agua baja hasta mezclarse con los sedimentos, lo que dificulta su tratamiento. [Objetivo]: El objetivo del estudio fue evidenciar la afectación de la variabilidad climática y el arrastre de sedimentos por medio de la red hídrica de la subcuenca Guacerique, que estima la disponibilidad histórica comparado con la presencia del fenómeno de El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENOS) y la relación del arrastre de sedimentos hacia el embalse. [Metodología]: Se realizaron balances hídricos históricos (2001 al 2016) de la subcuenca Guacerique y se calculó la carga de sedimentos. [Resultados]: Se obtuvo una producción histórica de agua de 99.4 MMC de la subcuenca Guacerique. En presencia del fenómeno ENOS la producción fue de 73.4 MMC, en año mezcla Niño/neutral fue 103.8 MMC, en años neutrales fue de 84.3 MMC, en año mezcla Niña/neutral fue de 112.5 MMC y en año mezcla Niño/Niña fue de 216.5 MMC. El aporte de sedimentos al embalse a través de la red hídrica fue de 488.8 kg mes-1. Se tiene que el 1.7 % del total de sedimentos proviene del río Mateo, el 2.5 % de la quebrada El Ocotal y el 7.5 % de la quebrada el Achiote. [Conclusiones]: Se pudo comprobar mediante los balances hídricos, que la variabilidad climática está afectando los volúmenes de agua en la subcuenca Guacerique, y que junto al arrastre de sedimentos por el río Guacerique, se está reduciendo la capacidad de almacenamiento, lo que provoca menor disponibilidad y escasez de agua en el embalse Los Laureles.
Evaluación de corredores biológicos en Costa Rica: estructura de paisaje y procesos de conectividad fragmentación
Authors: Morera-Beita Carlos , Sandoval-Murillo Luis Fernando , Alfaro-Alvarado Luis Diego
Published: January 2021

En el planeta, durante los últimos años, los corredores biológicos han proliferado como respuesta al proceso acelerado de fragmentación de los ecosistemas naturales. Basada en esta estrategia, Costa Rica desde la década de 1990, ha implementado corredores biológicos como espacio de conectividad de las áreas protegidas que funcionan como paso entre áreas núcleo. Durante los últimos años, se han establecido 40 corredores biológicos que cubren el 38% de la superficie de Costa Rica. A pesar de su popularidad, no existen investigaciones que evalúen su funcionalidad como espacios de conectividad. Basada en esta necesidad, este artículo analiza los corredores biológicos de Costa Rica desde la perspectiva de: área, estructura del paisaje, funcionalidad ecológica y niveles de conectividad-fragmentación. Se utiliza la base de datos del Programa Nacional de Corredores y se complementa con análisis de coberturas usando imágenes Landsat del 2010 y 2015. Se concluye que los corredores biológicos, en Costa Rica son diversos en áreas, formas, como funcionalidad ecológica y niveles de conectividad-fragmentación. Posterior a su establecimiento la mayoría de los corredores biológicos han recuperado parte importante de la cobertura natural, sin embargo la fragmentación se ha incrementado. La abundancia de corredores biológicos evidencia una falta de política de priorización, que es fundamental para avanzar en la consolidación de estas estrategias de conectividad en el país.
Análise da sensibilidade ambiental do litoral de Paraty (Estado do Rio Janerio, Brasil) a potenciais derramamentos de óleo.
Authors: Pinheiro Ana Beatriz , Carvalho da Silva André Luiz
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo objetiva compreender o grau de sensibilidade ambiental do litoral de Paraty a potenciais eventos de derramamento de óleo e as consequências destes para os ecossistemas da região. Foram realizados 6 trabalhos de campo para a caracterização morfológica e sedimentar de seis praias de Paraty e mapeamento dos ambientes costeiros para a aplicação do Índice de Sensibilidade do Litoral (ISL) a eventos de derramamento de óleo. Como resultado, foram encontrados os seguintes ISL à poluição por óleo: ISL 1 e 2, atribuído aos costões rochosos de baixa a alta declividade respectivamente, localizados nas enseadas e ilhas; ISL 4, para as praias de Taquari, Prainha e São Gonçalinho; ISL 5, para as praias de Jabaquara (setor sul), Barra de Corumbê e São Gonçalo; ISL 6, para os depósitos de tálus e enrocamentos; ISL 10, correspondente as áreas de manguezais. O estudo da sensibilidade ambiental aponta para níveis distintos de vulnerabilidade deste litoral. A poluição por óleo em Paraty, tende a causar sérios danos aos diversos ecossistemas costeiros e marinhos, assim como às atividades turísticas e pesqueiras.
Las políticas de los EE.UU. en la región Asia- Pacífico entre 2008-2018: Del G2 hacia la nueva contención
Authors: Rodríguez-Rincón Sthefany , Praj Dusan , Acosta-Strobel Jorge Andrés
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las políticas de Estados Unidos en Asia-Pacífico entre el 2008 y el 2018, principalmente la transición de la cooperación hacia la contención de Estados Unidos contra China. Luego de la victoria de Barack Obama en las elecciones presidenciales en EEUU, la política hacia la región de Asia Pacífico pasó por importantes transiciones. El proyecto inicial de la cooperación bajo el nombre de G2 fue reemplazado por un giro geoestratégico bajo el nombre “Pivote hacia Asia”, el cual englobaba varios ejes de la proyección: el económico, en la forma de Acuerdo Transpacífico y el reforzar alianzas militares como el Diálogo Cuadrilateral de Seguridad. Bajo este nuevo lema, los Estados Unidos impulsaron distintas alianzas en la región con el propósito de contrabalancear la creciente influencia de China en la zona de Asia Pacífico y el aumento de la participación en las disputas territoriales en el Mar del Sur de China.
Inclusión y vivencia de los derechos humanos y educación en valores en la formación humanista
Authors: García Heidy Vega , Mora Arias Jaime
Published: January 2021

Este artículo presenta el desarrollo de una investigación exploratoria, la cual se llevó a cabo durante los años 2018 y 2019. La finalidad fue conocer de qué forma los derechos humanos y los valores están presentes en algunos cursos del Centro de Estudios Generales (CEG), el Colegio Humanístico Costarricense y en la Maestría en Humanismo, Sociedad y Ambiente del CEG. El estudio se realizó como parte de las actividades del Proyecto Educación en Valores y Derechos Humanos en la Formación Docente de la Agencia de Cooperación Alemana (DAAD) desarrollado por la Universidad de Ösnabruck, la Universidad de Costa Rica y la Universidad Nacional (CEG-CIDE). Durante el 2019, cada universidad desarrolló el análisis documental de los programas y la aplicación de los grupos focales y de los cuestionarios en las unidades académicas seleccionadas. En el caso de la Universidad Nacional, para el análisis documental, se trabajó con los programas de los cursos del Colegio Humanístico Costarricense equiparables con los del Centro de Estudios Generales, correspondientes al área de profundización del 2018 y que fueron parte de un plan piloto. También se trabajó con los programas de los cursos del Centro de Estudios Generales y con los de la Maestría en Humanismo, Sociedad y Ambiente. Los resultados evidencian que la temática de derechos humanos y valores está presente de forma implícita en la mayoría de los programas de los cursos analizados. Se recomienda explicitar estos temas y abordarlos intencionadamente en los cursos, de manera que se logre mayor coherencia entre la teoría humanista con la práctica en el aula.