bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الاكتظاظ المدرسي
Authors: عودة د.يحيى خيرالله
Published: January 2020

الملخـص

لقد أصبحت مشكلة الاكتظاظ المدرسي واقع حال لا مفر منها تعاني منها أغلب مدارس العراق، وهذه المشكلة أصبحت تتفاقم عاماً بعد عام وتتفاوت من مدرسة لأخرى وتزداد معدلاته في الأحياء الشعبية المكتظة أساساً بالسكان، وإذا كان الاستيعاب والتحصيل أساس العملية التعليمية فالاكتظاظ يمثل العامل الأهم الذي يقف أمام هذا الاستيعاب والتحصيل الدراسي المتميز الذي ينشده الطالب وأسرته وكذلك الوزارة، لذا سنحاول أن نسلط الضوء في هذه الدراسة على هذه المشكلة لأنها تعد من الأسباب الرئيسة التي تضر بالعملية التعليمية وضررها عام على الجميع سواء الطالب أو المعلم، كما هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على أهم الأسباب المؤدية إلى حدوث الاكتظاظ المدرسي والآثار السلبية المترتبة عنه، كذلك كشفت الدراسة عن إن الاكتظاظ السكاني يؤدي إلى الاكتظاظ المدرسي، وأيضاً كشفت عن العلاقة بين الاكتظاظ المدرسي وتسرب التلاميذ من المدرسة. تضمنت الدراسة جانبين نظري وميداني، واحتوى الجانب النظري على محورين، شمل المحور الأول الإطار العام للدراسة أي تحديد مشكلة وأهمية وهدف الدراسة وتحديد مفاهيم المصطلحات العلمية، فيما تضمن المحور الثاني العوامل المؤثرة في الاكتظاظ المدرسي، في حين أحتوى الجانب الميداني على الإجراءات العلمية لمنهجية الدراسة، وقد تم تحديد العينة (نوعها وحجمها) وهي عينة قصدية وعشوائية بنفس الوقت أجريت على (50) مبحوث من المعلمين، وتضمن الجانب الميداني عرض البيانات وتحليلها وأهم النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها وأهم التوصيات التي وضعها الباحث والتي من شأنها ان تسهم في الحد من ظاهرة الاكتظاظ المدرسي، ومن أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة هي ان هناك علاقة بين الاكتظاظ المدرسي داخل المدرسة وتسرب التلاميذ من المدرسة. وكذلك يؤدي الاكتظاظ السكاني إلى حدوث ظاهرة الاكتظاظ المدرسي داخل المدرسة. أما أهم التوصيات التي وضعت لمعالجة هذه الظاهرة فهي ضرورة التوعية الاجتماعية والتربوية بالآثار السلبية التي تطال المستوى التعليمي في ظل حالة الاكتظاظ، وكذلك إنشاء مدارس جديدة وقريبة تستقطب هذه الأعداد الهائلة من الطلبة (أمتصاص زخمي).
A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Reconstructed National Identities in Selected Scottish and British Political Speeches with Reference to the Scottish Referendum
Authors: حسين ساره علي
Published: January 2020

الملخص
            تعرضُ هذه الورقة البحثية تحليل نقدي للبناء الخطابي للهوية الوطنية في خطابات سياسية مختارة. تؤثر المرويات والخطابات الوطنية بالطرق التي يستعرض بها الناس المسائل المرتبطة بهم كمجموعة، أي، مرتبطة بقومياتهم، امَمّهم، وبلدانهم. نظرا لدور المرويات الوطنية المؤثر في توجيه قرارات الاشخاص، تهدف الدراسة إلى التحقق من وسائل المحافظة على الهوية الوطنية أو إعادة بنائها في الخطاب السياسي لتحقيق غايات سياسية. وبالتالي، يستخدم الباحثان تحليلاً نوعي مواضيعي مبنياً على ثلاث مستويات لاستقصاء بناء الهوية الوطنية في الخطابات. لتحقيق هذا الهدف، تحلل الدراسة خطابين سياسيين احدهما للوزير الاول في اسكُتلنداAlex Salmond والآخر لرئيس وزراء المملكة المتحدةDavid Cameron . تم تقديم كِلا الخطابين في اليوم التالي للاستفتاء الاسكُتلندي للاستقلال. وظّفَ الباحثان نظرية  Wodak, de Cillia, Reisigl and Liebhart's (2009) الخاصة بالبناء الخطابي للهوية الوطنية للبحث في الاستراتيجيات الي يستخدمها الطرفان المتعارضان للمحافظة على هويات وطنية معينة أو إعادة بنائها. تتوصل الدراسة الى تحديد الاستراتيجيات المستخدمة للتعبير عن وجهات النظر المتعارضة لكِلا السياسيَيّن لبناء الهويات الوطنية، او الحفاظ عليها او تدميرها.
الدكتور باسم الأعسم .. فنانا وناقداً مسرحياً
Authors: عبد العالي علاء عبد الكاظم
Published: January 2020

تناول البحث المنجز النقدي للدكتور باسم الأعسم بوصفه ناقدا ألمعيا استطاع ان يجد لنفسه مكانة بارزة في المشهد النقدي المعاصر في العراق. ويعد النقد المسرحي الساحة الابرز التي تفوق فيها الأعسم على مستوى النص والعرض المسرحي على حد سواء , اذ استطاع استلهام المناهج النقدية الحديثة كافة وهي غربية المنشأ في جلّها ووظّفها في سبر غور النص المسرحي والكشف عن مواطن التميز والتفرد فيه والاليات التي يتبعها ليخلق موقفا مسرحيا مؤثرا. وقد أثرى الدكتور الأعسم المكتبة الادبية العراقية والعربية بالعديد من المؤلفات النقدية المتميزة المنشورة في مختلف الصحف والدوريات والكتب الاكاديمية داخل العراق وخارجه.
التربية السلبية و علاقتها بالقيم التربوية و الاحكام الخلقية لدى اطفال الروضة
Authors: رحيم عزيز الهماش ا.م.د حسين
Published: January 2020

الملخص

هدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على مستوى التربية السلبية وشخصية اطفال الروضة, دلالة الفروق في مستوى التربية السلبية في شخصية الاطفال ومستوى القيم التربوية والاحكام الخلقية لدى اطفال الروضة واتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي والذي يحدد وضع الظاهرة المدروسة ومن ثم وضعها ودراستها على ما موجود في الواقع واتبع اسلوب الملاحظة لدراسة تغيرات البحث وتألفت عينة البحث الاساسية من مئة طفل وطفلة بواقع (50)طفل و(50)طفلة وتوصل البحث الى النتائج.

1-التعرف على المستوى التربية السلبية لى اطفال الروضة .

2- التعرف على مستوى القيم التربوية والاحكام الخلقية لدى اطفال الروضة

الكلمات المفتاحية: التربية السلبية ,القيم الخلقية ,اطفال الروضة
UTOPUS Traction Technology: A new method for planetary exploration of steep and difficult terrain
Authors: Nannen Volker , Bover Damian , Zöbel Dieter , Parma Francisco , Marascio Katie , McKenzie Blair M.
Published: January 2020

After several successful missions to explore the surface of Mars with wheel-based rovers, the exploration of difficult and steep terrain has gained prominence in the field of planetary exploration, calling for new methods of vehicle locomotion which offer stability in steep and difficult terrain. UTOPUS traction technology offers a new method of locomotion which abandons the wheel paradigm for a two-phased anchoring and de-anchoring technique by driving removable crampons into the ground. In agriculture it minimizes soil compaction, reduces energy consumption, and produces a draft force similar to much heavier wheel-based tractors.Here we investigate whether the inherent stability of locomotion based on removable crampons allows exploration of steep and difficult terrain. We present experimental results from climbing and descending a mound of heterogeneous dust, sand, and granular material at the critical angle of repose, at an inclination of 25–40 degrees. The UTOPUS vehicle repeatedly climbed and descended the mound safely. An initial problem when reaching the top of the mound was solved by rebalancing the vehicle. Occasional failure occurred when the vehicle had strong lateral inclination, or on patches of very loose ground, suggesting the need for some design changes to the current model.
UTOPUS: A Novel Traction Mechanism to Minimize Soil Compaction and Reduce Energy Consumption
Authors: Nannen Volker , Bover Damian , Zöbel Dieter , McKenzie Blair M. , Avraham Moshe Ben
Published: January 2020

Tractor tires on agricultural soil suffer from inherent limitations like energy loss due to slip and tire flexing and a need for considerable ballast to gain traction. These limitations contribute to soil compaction, make the agricultural tractor energy-inefficient and make it unviable to power a tractor with solar panels or by storing renewable energy in batteries.To address these disadvantages as a whole, we introduce a novel traction mechanism that allows weeding and cultivation using only autarkic solar energy, based on the novel principle of retractable tines or crampons for traction. The mechanism inserts relatively small crampons every few meters into the soil, and then uses a push-pull mechanism to pull tillage implements through the soil, without any additional ballast. The light weight of the resulting machine and the small contact area of crampons with the soil reduce soil compaction, while the static nature of the crampons minimizes energy loss and increases energy efficiency.We report a range of successful proof-of-concept trials which show the practical feasibility of the basic concept for weeding and soil cultivation with solar energy, wind energy, and electric power supply under different conditions. We also provide calculations on the economic advantages compared to ballasted tires.
Administrasi Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan (PTK) 2
Authors: Nurhalizah Adek Siti
Published: January 2020

Educational Administration is a process of working together to achieve educational goals by looking at the relationship between components of education so that it can improve the education system by using devices that support learning activities. Educational Personnel are members of the community who are dedicated and appointed to support the Organization of Education. The purpose of coaching activities is to foster the ability of each employee education which includes scientific growth, insight into thinking, attitude towards his work and skills in carrying out his daily duties so that productivity work can be increased. A program of education staff development is usually held on the assumption of various deficiencies seen and demands of the organization, or because of the will and need to grow and develop among the workers education itself. Administrative educators and staff education (CAR) is a process overall activities of the educator includes planning, organizing, briefing, reporting, coordinating, supervision and financing, with use or utilize facilities available, both personal, material, and spiritually to reach the goal education effectively and efficiently. The PTK administration process begins with procurement of education personnel such as selection, further placement, and orientation, aiming orientation for speed up the adaptation period so new education staff can work faster and better. A educators and education personnel for his welfare is entitled to receive salary, benefits, and awards for what he has done.
Konsep Administrasi Pendidikan
Authors: Nurhalizah Adek Siti
Published: January 2020

Educational Administration is the whole process of collaboration of two or more people by utilizing all available personnel and material resources and is appropriate to achieve educational goals that have been fixed effectively and efficiently. The purpose of educational administration is none other than all activities that support the achievement of educational goals or in other words administration is used in the world of education is so that educational goals are achieved. Educational administration goals can be grouped into short-term goals, medium-term goals, and long-term goals. The short-term goal of the administration of education is to arrange and implement a management system for the instrumental component of the educational process which includes the components of students, teacher employees, facilities / infrastructure, organization, financing, administration and school relations with the community, so that the educational process in schools is implemented effective support for the achievement of educational goals in the school concerned. Medium-term goals of educational administration lead to the achievement of institutional goals of each type and level and educational programs. While the long-term goals of education administration are goals directed at achieving national education goals.
Administrasi Ketatausahaan Sekolah
Authors: Fauziah Maihilza Wiwi
Published: January 2020

Administrative administration is an organizational subsystem, in this case the school organization. Its main activity is taking care of all forms of school administration, from correspondence to inventory of goods. When viewed from the above understanding, the administration does not only involve correspondence activities but also involves all material information and information in the form of documents. Administration is important because administration can help and facilitate other subsystems such as student affairs, curriculum, personnel administration, and others. In this case there is a term called an assistive mechanism meaning that school administration activities can be used to help the leader (Principal) in making decisions, so as to facilitate and improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the administrative process, with the required data. If the administration of the administration runs well, the activities related to learning and learning objectives can run well too. For this reason, administrative staff who are professional and competent in their fields are needed.
Upacara Seren Taun sebagai sarana memperkuat silaturahmi antarwarga di Desa Sindang Barang Bogor
Authors: Ardiansyah Mada Dimas Nurwahid
Published: January 2020

Indonesia is a country with a lot of culture, one of which is the Seren Taun Ceremony held in the village of Pasir Eurih Sindang Barang Bogor district because the people in the village continue to preserve the cultural heritage to this day. This article aims to introduce the culture in the village of Sindang Barang Bogor, namely the seren taun ceremony to be more widely known by the people of Indonesia and explain what the benefits and functions are in the Seren Taun ceremony. The method used to make this research is to use qualitative descriptive through content analysis approach by taking data by random sample and literature study techniques. Produce that the Sindang Barang Bogor Village has the potential to become a cultural village because of its uniqueness that can attract the attention of the general public that can be visited by tourists as a means of introducing local culture while also increasing the economic income of the Sindang Barang Bogor Village community. This research can be a source of delivery to the general public to get to know and know the benefits and functions contained in the Seren Taun Ceremony.
kepemimpinan pendidikan
Authors: violensia Nadea
Published: January 2020

Educational leadership is the ability to influence, coordinate, and move other people who have something to do with implementation and development of education in order to achieve educational goals or school effectively and efficiently. So that school goals can be achieved effectively and efficient leadership needs effective headmasters.The principal is the education manager in the school as a whole, and the principal is the leader of formal education in his school. In the education environment at school, the principal is fully responsible for managing and empowering teachers to continuously improve their work skills.
Proses dan teknik supervisi
Authors: Nazlen Cut Bunga Maharani
Published: January 2020

the term education is familiar in the world of education. Then the term supervision is an activity that refers to an improvement in an institution. Many employees working in an institution feel scared when they hear that the institution in question will be visited by a supervisor. The supposition of the supervisory institution's society is that which is ordered by his superiors to yell at and scold the employees who are active in the institution.
Administrasi Tata Usaha
Authors: Nurhalizah Adek Siti
Published: January 2020

Etymologically, Administration is the activity of providing assistance in managing information, people and assets towards an objective collected in an organization. administration is an activity related to office services consisting of correspondence and reports, namely Activities relating to the recording of relations or work partnerships of organizations or offices until the preparation of matters that must be reported to the leadership, the liaison is related to the mailing process correspondence, reception and delivery of telephone and facsimile and letters, recording and calculation This activity is related to report data, statistical data, and archiving This is important in the context of storing letters or documents that are considered important and related to organizational activities.
Administrasi Peserta Didik
Authors: Nurhalizah Adek Siti
Published: January 2020

Student administration is the process of organizing and services in matters relating to students in a school starting from planning the admission of new students, coaching while students are in school, until students complete their education. Student administration is the activity of recording students from the admission process to students graduating from school or dropping out because of transferring schools or other reasons. The purpose of student administration is to organize student activities so that these activities support the teaching and learning process at school, furthermore, the teaching and learning process at school can run smoothly, orderly and regularly so that it can contribute to the achievement of school goals and overall educational goals. The purpose of the administration of students in education in general is to regulate all activities related to students so that the learning process runs effectively and efficiently so that educational goals can be achieved to the maximum. While the specific goal is to help students improve and develop attitudes, knowledge, abilities, and skills towards something, help students develop interests, talents according to their needs, help students develop positive and realistic attitudes, help students use their free time, and help students to obtain happiness and prosperity of life by achieving and completing their education to the maximum.
Administrasi Layanan Khusus
Authors: Indriani Mega
Published: January 2020

Special service administration is a process of activities providing services to students to support e learning activities so that educational goals can be achieved effectivelly and efficiently. This special service administration includes libraries, labor, uks, cafeterias, religious facilities and so on. This article aims to explain the concepts, types and roles of teachers in the administration of special services. The method used in writing this article is the method of literature study that is by collecting material from various sourches both from books, journals, articles, and other sourches directly related to the administration of spesial services and then concludes the material so that a knowledge is obtained.
Administrasi pendidikan
Authors: Nazlen Cut Bunga Maharani
Published: January 2020

The education as an effort which is conducted comprehensively and systematically, will enliven the studying environment and education process so that the student are actively developing their potency to have the spiritual power, personality, intelligence. First, researcher found teorie-theories of experts, then making the conclusion of it, continued to communicate and eventually make the research based on new information. The education results in the analysis of education is all those of education adn facilitoes used in terms of education relation according to the policies of which have been estavlished to achieve seefesien education and the seefestive may, ehich includes the defenition of education in education, the importance of administration of education and purpose of the administration of education, it can be concluded that education and education administration concept couldn’t be separated one from another. In every education process, there will be a need of education administration. Education done without good and reliable education administration will not achieve its glorious purposes, which is the human welfare.
Kepemimpinan pendidikan
Authors: Nazlen Cut Bunga Maharani
Published: January 2020

Leadership or activities lead an effort by someone with all the ability they have to influence, encourage, direct and mobilize the people who led them to set to work with enthusiasm and confidence in achieving its goals. Educational leadership is a readiness, the ability of a person in the process of influencing, encouraging, guiding, directing and mobilizing others to do with the implementation and development of education and teaching so that all activities can be run effectively and efficiently in achieving educational goals.
Administrasi dan Supervisi Pendidikan
Authors: Ariyanti Erni
Published: January 2020

this articel describe about Administration is a form of business and activity related to a policy arrangement in order to achieve a goal that has been set or has been designed and made before carrying out activities. And also supervision can be called Supervision which is an effort to help the development and improvement of parties in supervision so that they can carry out the tasks assigned activities efficiently and effectively. Whereas the supervisor is someone who carries out the supervision.
Perubahan Kampung Jodipan Sebagai Penunjang Perekonomian Lokal Berbasis Ekonomi Kreatif Kota Malang
Authors: Rosada Nadea Isna Rosy
Published: January 2020

This jodipan is first village was the Malang city's first tour village, nestled in front of the brantas river, which is once a slums, and has become a colorful village that has attracted tourists to the city. The purpose of writing this journal is to describe the change in the activities of the jodipans village after becoming a tourist village that is capable of supporting the local economy. The study of uses a qualitative descriptive method with an content analysis approach. This Studies show differences in social activities around before and after the jodipan shaping. By the relying on the creativity of the jodipan village could help boost the local economy, they turned slums into beautiful tourist attractions, and were able to develop the potential of people around to create a wide range of craft. The economic impact of the existence of this jodipans' tourism village is the availability of employment for the local people, which will affect their income and living standards. This journal can become a source of innovation for communities to tap available resources to boost their local, creative-based economy.
Administrasi Sarana dan Prasarana
Authors: Nurhalizah Adek Siti
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the administration of advice and infrastructure is none other than that all activities support the achievement of educational goals. The administration of facilities and infrastructure is increasingly being felt more and more complicated because education also involves the community or parents of students, who are directly involved in the education. Therefore, if the administration of facilities and infrastructure runs well, it is also increasingly certain that the educational objectives will be achieved well. The purpose of the administration of facilities and infrastructure is to create a good situation and condition of the school as a learning environment and as a learning group that allows students to develop their abilities as much as possible, eliminate various obstacles that can hinder the realization of interaction in learning, provide and manage facilities and furniture learning that supports and enables students to learn in accordance with the social, emotional, and intellectual environment of students in the learning process and Fostering and guiding students according to their social, economic, cultural and individual backgrounds.
Proses dan Teknik Supervisi Pendidikan
Authors: Rhahimi Putri
Published: January 2020

This study aims to explain the material about the process and supervision of education. The method used in writing this article is the method of studying literature by collecting materials and materials from various sources both from books, articles, journals, and other ources related to the process and supervision techniques. This article discusses how the supervision process consists of planning, implementation, and evaluation. As well as how the supervision technique consists of individual and group techniques.
pengaruh kebudayaan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia
Authors: aditama vera yudi
Published: January 2020

Manusia adalah pelaku dari kebudayaan. Sekelompok manusia yang hidup secara bersamaan dalam suatu lingkungan dalam jangka waktu yang lama akan melahirkan kebudayaan. Melalui pembelajaran manusia akan mengembangkan kebudayaan dan akan memajukan peradaban. Kebudayaan mempengaruhi pendidikan karena kebudayaan telah berakar dalam diri manusia, sehingga mempengaruhi setiap aktifitas manusia termasuk pembelajaran.
artikel administrasi dan supervisi materi 10
Authors: rahimah nada syifa
Published: January 2020

this article discusses the administration and supervision This article discusses the administration and supervision of education we can know more about administration in education we can also begin development in the past until this modern time,in administration and supervision has various kinds of understanding, problems and also planning in administration and supervision and in administration and supervision there are many agencies and manpower needed because this includes students at school.education administration and supervision includes facilities and infrastructure and is supported by the government in its financing, and the school agency is tasked with protecting the school environment all administration and supervision have also been regulated by the constitution of the Republic of Indonesia
administrasi layanan khusus
Authors: Kartika Febriyani Darma
Published: January 2020

this article describe about administration of special services. special service administration is one part of the administration in the school
administrasi pendidikan
Authors: Devi Saebrina
Published: January 2020

Administrasihubungansekolah dan masyarakatadalahsuatu proses komunikasiantarasekolah dan masyarakatuntukmeningkatkanpengertianmasyarakattentangkebutuhansertakegiatanpendidikansertamendorongminat dan kerjasamamasyarakatdalampeningkatan dan pengembangansekolah. Prinsip-prinsipdariadministrasihubunganmasyarakat dan sekolahadalahprinsipintegrity, continuity, simplicity, coverage, constructiveness, dan asaptability. Teknik administrasihubungansekolah dan masyarakatberupatekniktertulisberupabukukecil pada tahunajaran, pamflet, beritakegiatan murid, catatanberitagembira, dan bukukeciltentangcaramembimbinganak dan tekniklisanberupakunjunganrumah, mengundang orang tua, pertemuan, teknikperagaan, teknikelektronik dan kerjasama. Adapunprosesnyaberupapenyusunan program, pelaksanaan/pengorganisasian, dan pengawasan yang berupaefektifitas dan efesiensi. Peranpersonilsekolahdalamadministrasihubungansekolah dan masyarakatberupamembantusekolahdalammelaksanakanteknik-teknikhubungansekolah dan masyrakat, membuatdirinyalebihbaiklagidalambermasyrakat, dalamhalinipersoniltersebutharuslahmemegangkodeetik guru.
Administrasi Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan
Authors: Rhahimi Putri
Published: January 2020

This type of research is qualitative research. Bogdan and Taylor (in Moleong, 2015 : 4) said that qualitative is one of the research procedures that analyzes descriptive data in the form of speech or writing and the behavior of the people observed. This research uses the literature method. Educators are professionals who are tasked with planning the learning process, assessing learning outcomes, conducting mentoring and training, and conducting research and community service, especially in tertiary education. Academic qualifications are the minimum level of education an educator must have. Competence as a place of learning in basic and middle education and education in early childhood includes padadogic competence, personal competence, professional potential, and social potential.
Administrasi pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan 2
Authors: Nazlen Cut Bunga Maharani
Published: January 2020

Administration can be interpreted as an activity or business to help, serve, direct or manage all activities in achieving a goal. Meanwhile, educators are professionals who are involved in the process of learning and teaching, evaluating learning outcomes, conducting coaching and training, and conducting research and community service. And education administration that supports administration, management, development, supervision, and technical services to support the education process in the education unit. The purpose of the education of educators and education personnel who support the education system is to provide eligibility for educators in carrying out their duties both as educators and nursing staff in schools. So, the education of educators and labor are interrelated so that educational goals can be achieved.
Administrasi Kurikulum
Authors: Nurhalizah Adek Siti
Published: January 2020

The curriculum is a very important and decisive component in the administration of education. the curriculum functions as a tool for the achievement of educational goals, if educational goals change then automatically the curriculum must also be changed. For children the curriculum is useful as a tool to develop all the potential they have towards a better direction under the guidance of teachers at school. For teachers, the curriculum functions as a guide and reference in organizing learning in schools. The curriculum is a set of students' learning experience materials with all implementation guidelines systematically structured and guided by the school in educating students. Curriculum planning is largely implemented and determined by the Ministry of National Education at the central level. This means that at the regional and school levels there is no curriculum planning. curriculum planning carried out at the regional level also includes the preparation of curriculum implementation plans such as the preparation of educational calendars for each school year in each region. The compilation of the education calendar is intended so that there is a standardization of the implementation of activities in schools, so that each school principal can make careful planning and regulation of the activities in the school they lead.
Administrasi Hubungan Sekolah dan Masyarakat (HUSEMAS)
Authors: Nurhalizah Adek Siti
Published: January 2020

Husemas is a process of communication between schools and the community to increase community understanding of the needs and educational activities as well as encourage community interest and cooperation in improving and developing schools. The principle of integrity implies that all school relations activities with the community must be integrated, in the sense that what is explained, conveyed and presented to the community must be integrated information between information on academic activities and information on non-academic activities. The Principle of Continuity This principle means that the implementation of school relations with the community must be done continuously. The principle of Simplycity This principle requires that in the process of school relations with the community carried out both personal communication and communication groups of parties providing information (schools) can simplify various information presented to the community. The Coverage Principle is a comprehensive information notification. Constructiveness Is a principle that is constructive. The Principle of Adapability Program for school relations with the community should be adjusted to the conditions in the community environment.
Administrasi sarana dan prasarana
Authors: Nazlen Cut Bunga Maharani
Published: January 2020

Education supported by complete facilities will facilitate the learning system in schools. Because, students will be motivate to hone their abilities, so that teachers and students can take advantage of these facilities.
Victim vs. survivor: the effect of labels and consensual sexual behaviour on observers' perceptions of sexual assault
Authors: Setia Aanchal , An Sieun
Published: January 2020

Labels guide our perceptions of ambiguous events (Eberdhardt, Dasgupta, & Banaszynski, 2003). They influence the way people interpret others’ behaviours, attribute blame, and offer support in situations of sexual violence (Campbell, 2008; Marks & An, 2019). The present study investigated the effect of labels and consensual sexual behaviour on observers' perceptions of hypothetical situations of sexual assault. Further, we examined their effect on the perceived amount of social support offered to affected women. The relationship between labels and consensual sexual behaviour with sexual attitudes was also examined. Participants were 137 undergraduates (52 men and 85 women) from an Indian private university. Results showed that labels and consensual sexual behaviour have some effect on the perceived severity of the assault, perceived responsibility of the women, and the amount of social support offered to them. The findings underscored the importance of labels and cautioned against their arbitrary use. Further implications are discussed.
Color scrambles reveal Red and Green half-axis mechanisms plus a mechanism selective for low chromatic contrast
Authors: Herrera Ortiz Christian , Chubb Charlie , Wright Ted , Sun Peng , Sperling George
Published: January 2020

In this paper we set up to enumerate and characterize mechanisms sensitive to color scrambles. A color scramble is a texture made of a finite number of elements drawn from a set Ω, in this case small colored squares, distributed according to a histogram. We use a novel method to derive a eight equiluminant lights along the Red-Green cardinal axis. We then generate a background annulus and a target disk to be detected in one of eight pre-defined locations. We modeled the mechanisms available to the subjects to do the task using the seed-expansion weighting procedure. This theory-free, data- driven approach, constrained only by the size of the set Ω, makes no assumptions about the number of mechanism used to perform the task, or about what they are sensitive to. We found that a model of three mechanisms explains well the data: one half-wave rectified mechanism sensitive to green, one half-wave rectified mechanism sensitive to red, and a mechanism sensitive to gray. We discuss the implications of this result.
Police killings of unarmed Black Americans: A reassessment of community mental health spillover effects
Authors: Nix Justin , Lozada M. James
Published: January 2020

We reevaluate the claim from Bor et al. (2018: 302) that “police killings of unarmed black Americans have effects on mental health among black American adults in the general population.” The Mapping Police Violence data used by the authors includes 91 incidents involving black decedents who were either (1) not killed by police officers in the line of duty or (2) armed when killed. These incidents should have been removed or recoded prior to analysis. Correctly recoding these incidents decreased in magnitude all of the reported coefficients, and, more importantly, eliminated the reported statistically significant effect of exposure to police killings of unarmed black individuals on the mental health of black Americans in the general population. We caution researchers to vet carefully crowdsourced data that tracks police behaviors and warn against reducing these complex incidents to overly simplistic armed/unarmed dichotomies.
Exploring the Application, Dimensionality and Factor Structure of Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale among Local Government Employees in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Azalea Fariha
Published: January 2020

Previous studies have observed a paradigm shift in the debate concerning the dimensionality of organizational citizenship behavior. Building on organizational citizenship behavior literature, the present study in intends to validate the dimensionality of the organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) scale developed by Smith et al., (1983) who proposed a 2 dimensional16-item instrument. Data was collected through a survey questionnaire using systematic random sampling technique to employees of local government in Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of 400 questionnaires were administered and 393 valid responses were obtained over a period of 4-weeks. Factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted to confirm that the instrument is valid within the context of local government employees. The implication of this current study is that OCB scale developed by smith et al., (1983) has revealed two-dimensional structures comprising of; altruism and generalized compliance. The instrument was found to be valid and reliable scale for OCB measurement among employees of public organization, particularly Local Government employees in Lagos, Nigeria.
Model fungsi produksi ikan lele di Kota Pekanbaru Provinsi Riau
Authors: Elinur Elinur , Heriyanto Heriyanto
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor dominan yang menentukan produksi ikan lele dan skala pengembalian hasil ikan lele di Kota Pekanbaru. Metode penambilan sampel secara simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 98 peternak ikan lele. Sampel diambil dari 5 kecamatan, yaitu Tenayan Raya, Tampan, Bukitraya, dan Rumbai Pesisir. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan regresi non linear dengan fungsi produksi Cobb Douglas. Metode estimasi menggunakan metode Ordinary Least Square. Hasil peneltian menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi produksi ikan lele Pekanbaru adalah tenaga kerja, luas kolam, benih dan pakan pada taraf kepercayaan 5 persen. Skala pengembalian hasil usaha ikan lele tergolong dalam Increasing Return to Scale. Hal ini berarti perubahan input (tenaga kerja, luas kolam, benih dan pakan) secara bersama-sama memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap perubahan produksi. Dengan demikian input tersebut sangat diperlukan dalam peningkatan produksi ikan lele. This research analyzed the determinant of catfish production and return to scle of catfish in Pekanbaru. Sampling method used simple random sampling and amount of sample are 98 catfs farmers.Samples were taken from 5 districts, namely Tenayan Raya, Tampan, Bukitraya, dan Rumbai Pesisir. Method of data analysis used multiple non linear regression white Cobb Douglas production function. The estmation method used Ordinary Least Square. The research results showed that labor, pond area, catfish seed and feeding at a level of significant 5 percent. Return to Scale of catfish farmng was Increasing Return to Scale. It is means that changes in input (labor, pond area, catfish seed and feedng) had a large influence on changes of catfish production. Thus, these input are needed to increase catfish production.
Peran satuan pemeriksaan internal untuk mewujudkan good university governance dengan audit kepatuhan sebagai variable moderating
Authors: Alfuzanni Alfuzanni , Djamil Nasrullah
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan memberikan bukti empiris tentang sejauh mana peran Satuan Pemeriksaan Internal Untuk Mewujudkan Good University Governance dengan Audit Kepatuhan Sebagai Variabel Moderating Pada Perguruan Tinggi Berstatus Badan Layanan Umum di Provinsi Riau dan Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 34 auditor internal. Hasil Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa Variabel Satuan Pemeriksaan Internal dan Audit Kepatuhan secara bersama-sama atau secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap Terwujudnya Good University Governance.This study aims to examine and provide empirical evidence about the extent of the role of the Internal Audit Unit to Achieve Good University Governance with Compliance Audit as a Moderating Variable in Higher Education Status Public Service Agencies in Riau and West Sumatra Provinces. This research is quantitative research. The sample used was 34 internal auditors. The results of the study concluded that the Internal Audit Unit and the Compliance Audit Unit jointly or simultaneously affected the Realization of Good University Governance.
Analgesia obstétrica para el parto vaginal: eficacia y efectos adversos
Authors: Rodríguez Nájera Geovanna Fabiola , Camacho Barquero Fabián Alberto , Umaña Bermúdez Carlos Andrés
Published: January 2020

El dolor se considera una respuesta neurofisiológica muy compleja, que se diferencia notablemente de cualquier otra experiencia sensorial. Se entiende como la percepción de la nocicepción, y ésta se define como la actividad producida en el sistema nervioso por efecto de estímulos que real o potencialmente lesionan los tejidos. En la presente revisión bibliográfica se revisan factores de riesgo, las posibles causas y las alternativas terapéuticas posibles, ya sea mediante terapias farmacológicas o no farmacológicas de la analgesia obstetrica. Se insiste en la necesidad de aplicar una aproximación terapéutica multifactorial a la embarazada, no limitándonos solo a eliminar el dolor del parto, sino convirtiéndolo en una experiencia positiva.
Actualización en preeclampsia
Authors: Pereira Calvo Javier , Pereira Rodríguez Yuliana , Quirós Figueroa Luis
Published: January 2020

La preeclampsia, forma parte de los trastornos neurohipertensivos propios del embarazo, caracterizado por presencia de proteinuria más hipertensión arterial durante la gestación, además, está asociado a una alta morbimortalidad materna y fetal.  Algunos factores de riesgo predisponen a padecer este trastorno, y por lo tanto, se debe establecer una adecuada valoración clínica para cada paciente, para así emplear las medidas preventivas que se han obtenido por medio de estudios realizados, con el objetivo de minimizar la incidencia de preeclampsia, además de reducir su impacto negativo y el resultado perinatológico final. Diferentes manejos, principalmente farmacológicos, se emplean en las pacientes con este trastorno, los cuales dependerán de los resultados finales de pruebas a realizar.
Sūrah al-Ma’idah: Some Lessons for Muslim Business Leaders (Sūrah al-Ma’idah: Beberapa Pengajaran untuk Pemimpin Perniagaan Muslim)
Authors: Fontaine Rodrigue
Published: January 2020

Previous studies have looked at sūrah al-Baqarah, sūrah Āli-‘Imrān, and sūrah An-Nisā’ from an Islamic management perspective. The conclusion from previous studies was that Muslim business leaders can develop organisations that have a positive organisational culture, a neutral organisational culture, or a negative organisational culture. This study builds on this foundation by looking at what insights can be gained from sūrah al-Ma’idah in relation to building an Islamic corporate culture. The works of Khaled and Khan are compared. A group of MBA students was given a draft of this study and they shared their reflections on this sūrah. Two key facts stand out. First, although there are a number of Islamic rulings in this sūrah, there is a lot of emphasis on having taqwā and being grateful. Much of the reflections of the MBA students focused on the importance of taqwā and good manners at the workplace. Second, this surah is one of the last sūrah revealed and it clarifies the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims.

Keywords: Qur’an, Islamic management, sūrah al-Ma’idah.

Abstrak

Kajian terdahulu telah melihat kepada sūrah al-Baqarah, sūrah Āli-‘Imrān dan sūrah An-Nisā’ dari perspektif Pengurusan Islamik. Kesimpulan daripada kajian terdahulu menunjukkan bahawa pemimpin perniagaan Muslim boleh membangunkan organisasi yang mempunyai budaya organisasi yang positif, budaya organisasi yang neutral atau budaya organisasi yang negatif. Asas kajian ini dibina dengan melihat apa pengajaran yang boleh diperoleh daripada sūrah al-Ma’idah dalam membina sebuah budaya organisasi islamik. Hasil kerja Khaled dan Khan dibandingkan. Sekumpulan pelajar MBA telah diberi draf bagi kajian ini dan mereka telah berkongsi refleksi mereka terhadap surah ini. Dua perkara yang menonjol. Pertama, walaupun terdapat banyak ketetapan islam dalam surah ini, terdapat banyak penekanan terhadap taqwa dan sifat berterima kasih. Kebanyakan refleksi pelajar-pelajar MBA memfokuskan kepentingan taqwa dan akhlak yang baik di tempat kerja. Kedua, surah ini merpakan antara surah-surah terakhir yang diturunkan dan ia menerangkan hubungan antara muslim dan bukan muslim.

Kata Kunci: Qur’an, Pengurusan Islamik, sūrah al-Ma’idah.
BURSA KUMYAKA BAŞMELEKLER (ARCHANGELOI) KİLİSESİ DUVAR RESİMLERİ
Authors: SOYKAN A. Nazlı , GÜR Durmuş
Published: January 2020

Çalışmanın
konusu Bursa’nın 36,6 km kuzeybatısında, Mudanya ilçesinin 6,5 km batısında,
Tirilye’nin 5 km doğusunda, Kumyaka Beldesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan
Kumyaka (Sige), Başmelekler (Archangeloi) Kilisesi’nin duvar resimleridir.
Kumyaka Beldesi’nin batısında kayalık bir alan üzerinde, denizden yaklaşık 50 m
yükseklikte bulunan yapıdan günümüze naos, narteks, A Mekanı (Eksonarteks), B Mekanı
(Anargyri / İyileştirme Hücresi), C Mekanı (Aziz Haralambos Şapeli), D Mekanı
(Kuzeydoğu Mekan), E ve F Mekanları (Kayaya Oyulmuş Mekanlar), G Mekanı (Aziz
Nikolaos Şapeli) ve H Mekanı (Giriş Mekanı) olmak üzere on bölüm gelebilmiştir.
Kiborion plan tipini yansıtan Başmelekler (Archangeloi) Kilisesi ana yapısı 8.
yüzyılda inşa edilmiş, çeşitli onarım ve eklemelerle birlikte 1923/1924
yıllarına kadar kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı yapıdaki duvar resimlerinin
günümüzdeki hallerini belgeleyip tasvirlerini yapmak, duvar resimlerini
Bithynia örnekleri arasında değerlendirmek ve incelemektir. Bu bağlamda
yapıdaki duvar resimleriyle ilgili daha önce yapılan yayınlar incelenmiş, duvar
resimlerinin zaman içindeki değişimi belirlenmiş, fotoğraflanması, çizimleri ve
tasvirleri yapılmış, analojik açıdan karşılaştırılarak tarihlendirme önerileri
sunulmuştur. İkonografik ve üslup özellikleri incelenen duvar resimlerinin
malzeme analizleri sonucunda resimlerde kullanılan malzeme ve boyalar
belirlenmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda apsis, bema, merkezi kubbe
kasnağı, pandantifler ile kemer yüzeyleri, narteks kubbe kasnağı, pandantifler
ve kuzey duvarda günümüze ulaşan tasvirler incelendiğinde, yapıdaki duvar
resimlerinde 8. yüzyılın ilk yarısı ile 9. yüzyılın başları, 14. yüzyılın ilk
çeyreği 1448-1818 yılları arası ve 1818 ile 1923/1924 yılları arası
olmak üzere dört farklı evre tespit edilmiştir.
Effect of supervised versus self-directed exercise and dietary practices on body weight and glycaemic control with individuals having type 2 diabetes
Authors: ADANE Alemmebrat Kiflu
Published: January 2020

Similar
to a highly developed country, these days the rapid and parallel increase in
sedentary lifestyle and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is becoming one of the major public health concerns of
Ethiopia. Despite the fact that pharmacological medicines are mostly ordered by
physicians as a treatment modality to T2DM, regular physical exercise and healthy diet habits
are not well understood and practiced throughout society. Previous studies also
documented that the latter two approaches are the two key management tools for
diabetes and it assists in preventing diabetes-related health complications,
insulin resistance, and T2DM. The present study examined the difference in body
weight and fasting
plasma glucose (FPG) improvement in 16 moderately overweight male individuals having
T2DM
for 10wks intervention,
to this end experimental with retrospective cohort study design was used. After qualified, the recruitment criteria subjects
were randomly
categorized into two groups, i.e. experimental (n = 8) and control (n = 8).  Individuals who have received a supervised exercise
program and close dietary advice were compared with those who were engaged in self-directed
exercise and also have their own eating habits over the study program.   To analysis, the data, dependent t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used. In
all cases, the statistical significance threshold was P < 0.05. At the end
of the intervention, significant bodyweight reduction and FPG improvement were
observed in the experimental group as compared to their counterparts. Therefore,
it was concluded that professionally supervised regular exercise with a close dietary
practice should be the main choice of individuals having T2DM in order to manage and achieve sustainable body weight
control and FPG for better health and treatment modalities.