bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПОЧВА И ВОПРОСЫ УСТОЙЧИВОГО АГРОПРОИЗВОДСТВА
Authors: Хомяков Д.М.
Published: December 2024

В России отсутствует устойчивое управление использованием почвенных ресурсов. Обосновывается необходимость законодательного определения понятия почвы и ее плодородия как фундаментального уникального свойства. Противоречивость нормативных актов приводит к правовым коллизиям и неопределенности, что препятствует принятию управленческих решений, соответствующих принципам и целям устойчивого развития (ЦУР). Почва является основой продовольственных систем и незаменимым системообразующим глобальным компонентом биосферы. Земля, в том числе сельскохозяйственного назначения, является территориально обобщенной категорией. В отечественном праве она в основном рассматривается как совокупность земельных участков той или иной категории, предназначения и целевого использования. В то же время отчетливо проявляется тенденция к исключению понятию почвы из нормативных правовых документов. Следовательно, при планировании развития и деятельности АПК, совершенствовании и разработке агротехнологий, а также мелиоративных мероприятиях не учитывается ее роль, экологические функции и особые свойства почвенного покрова. По сути, сейчас почва является недооцененным национальным богатством, что подрывает основы продовольственной, экономической и экологической безопасности страны. Предложено возможное полноценное, научно-обоснованное и легальное (юридически значимое), общеправовое, точное, однозначное, дефинированное, устоявшееся, неконтекстное определение термина почвы для использования его в российском праве. Статья призывает к началу широкой дискуссии по обсуждаемому вопросу.

There is no sustainable management of the use of soil resources in Russia. The necessity of legislative definition of the concept of soil and its fertility as a fundamental unique property is substantiated. The inconsistency of regulations leads to legal conflicts and uncertainty, which prevents the adoption of management decisions that comply with the principles and goals of sustainable development (SDGs). Soil is the basis of food systems and an indispensable system-forming global component of the biosphere. Land, including agricultural land, is a geographically generalized category. In domestic law, it is mainly considered as a set of land plots of a particular category, purpose and intended use. At the same time, there is a clear tendency to exclude the concept of soil from regulatory legal documents. Consequently, when planning the development and activities of the agro-industrial complex, improving and developing agricultural technologies, as well as land reclamation measures, its role, ecological functions and special properties of the soil cover are not taken into account. In fact, now the soil is an undervalued national wealth, which undermines the foundations of the country's food, economic and environmental security. A possible definition of the term for its use in Russian law is proposed.
ВЛИЯНИЕ БИОУДОБРЕНИЯ, ПОЛУЧЕННОГО НА ОСНОВЕ МОЛОЧНОЙ СЫВОРОТКИ, И СОДЕРЖАЩЕГО STREPTOMYCES COELICOLOR, НА РАЗВИТИЕ РАССАДЫ ПЕТУНИИ
Authors: Маградзе Е.И. , Кузнецова В.А.
Published: December 2024

Разработан опытный образец бактериального удобрения на основе молочной сыворотки, содержащий почвенные бактерии вида Streptomyces coelicolor. Исследовано влияние нового биоудобрения на прорастание семян и рост рассады четырех сортов петунии Аткинса (гибридной) сортогруппы Грандифлора (Petunia × atkinsiana (Sweet) D. Don ex W. H. Baxter cv. Grandifl ora) в тепличных условиях. Показано, что новое биоудобрение положительно влияет на всхожесть семян, а также на ростовые параметры рассады.

A bacterial fertilizer prototype based on whey containing soil bacteria Streptomyces coelicolor has been developed. The effect of the new biofertilizer on seed germination and seedling growth of four varieties of petunia Atkins (hybrid) variety group Grandiflora (Petunia × atkinsiana (Sweet) D. Don ex W. H. Baxter cv. Grandiflora) in greenhouse conditions was investigated. It was shown that the fertilizer had a positive effect on the germination of seeds, as well as on the growth parameters of seedlings.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЭКСПОЗИЦИИ СКЛОНОВ НА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ УРОЖАЙНОСТИ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КУЛЬТУР
Authors: Шарая Л.С. , Рухович О.В. , Шарый П.А. , Беличенко М.В. , Иванова О.И.
Published: December 2024

Тепло, свет и осадки перераспредляются на поверхности земли рельефом. Экспозиция склонов может существенно влиять на рост растений. На склонах южных экспозиций в западной части бассейна р. Оки прибавка к урожаю озимой пшеницы при применении удобрений возрастала более чем в 2 раза по сравнению с северными склонами; прибавка ярового ячменя, напротив, увеличивалась на склонах северных экспозиций. Показано, что малые изменения характеристик склонов, например, интенсивности солнечной радиации (пределах 3%), могут существенно изменять урожайность. Такие зависимости носят региональный характер, но они свидетельствуют о необходимости учета направления склонов даже для малых уклонов рельефа при выборе оптимального расположения культур по полям.

Heat, light and precipitation are redistributed on the surface of the earth by topography. Slope exposure can significantly affect plant growth. In the western part of the Oka river basin the yield of winter wheat increased by more than 2 times on the slopes of the southern exposures compared to the northern ones; for spring barley, the yield increased on the slopes of the northern exposures. It is shown that small changes in environmental factors (by 3% of solar energy) can greatly affect the yield. Such dependencies are regional in nature, but they indicate the importance of taking into account the topography when choosing the location of the fi elds.
دور الرؤية الاستراتيجية للمدير المدرسي في تحقيق التميز التنظيمي: دراسة تحليلية للمدارس الثانوية
Authors: العليمي سندس نايف عزالدين
Published: December 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى استقصاء دور الرؤية الاستراتيجية للمدير المدرسي في تحقيق التميز التنظيمي: دراسة تحليلية للمدارس الثانوية، استخدامت المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، ضمَّ مجتمع الدراسة الحالية جميع مدراء المدارس الثانوية الحكومية والخاصة التابعة لمديرية لواء عين الباشا، ويبلغ عددهم (37) مديرا ومديرة حسب التقرير السنوي الصادر عن وزارة التربية والتعليم لعام (2023). وتم توزيع أداة الدراسة على جميع أفراد مجتمع الدراسة. وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن مستوى امتلاك مدراء المدارس الثانوية في لواء عين الباشا للرؤية الاستراتيجية كان متوسطاً، حيث جاء في المرتبة الأولى البعد "تحسين جودة التعليم" بمستوى مرتفع، تلاه بعد " تطوير المعلمين والموظفين" بمستوى متوسط، وفي المرتبة الأخيرة جاء بعد " تعزيز البيئة المدرسية" بمستوى متوسط. كما جاء مستوى التميز التنظيمي لدى مدراء المدارس الثانوية في لواء عين الباشا بمستوى متوسطاً، وجاء في المرتبة الأولى البعد " السمعة المؤسسية" وبمستوى مرتفع. وتلاه بعد " التفاعل مع المجتمع"، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في تقديرات المستجيبين حول الرؤية الاستراتيجية لمدراء المدارس الثانوية تعزى لمتغيري الجنس وسنوات الخبرة، كذلك عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في تقديرات المستجيبين حول مستوى التميز التنظيمي لدى مدراء المدارس الثانوية تعزى لمتغيري الجنس وسنوات الخبرة، ووجود علاقة ارتباطية موجبة بين الرؤية الاستراتيجية للمدير المدرسي وتحقيق التميز التنظيمي. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من التوصيات أهمها: تنظيم فعاليات وأنشطة مجتمعية متنوعة، مثل يوم مفتوح في المدرسة، وورش عمل لأولياء الأمور، واجتماعات للمجتمع المحلي، وذلك لتشجيع المشاركة الفعّالة من جانب أفراد المجتمع في شؤون المدرسة.
High-Throughput Solid Phase Extraction for Targeted and Non-Targeted Exposomics
Authors: Gu Yunyun , Feuerstein Max Lennart , Warth Benedikt
Published: December 2024

Characterizing the chemical exposome relies on advanced instrumentation including tandem mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS), and non-targeted analysis (NTA) using high-resolution MS. However, proper sample pretreatment, balancing broad analyte coverage, method robustness, and throughput remain a major bottleneck in exposomics. Here, we developed a robust and scalable solid-phase extraction (SPE) protocol in 96-well format for human urine and plasma and optimized it for a panel of 94 highly diverse environmental and food-related contaminants (LogP -0.7 ~ 6.8). Extraction recoveries (RE) and signal suppression and enhancement (SSE) were determined using targeted LC-MS/MS. Acceptable REs (60% - 140%) were achieved for >70% of all analytes, and acceptable SSE values (60% -140%) for 86% and 90% in urine and plasma, respectively. Subsequently, the method was transferred to 96-well format, significantly improving throughput to meet the capacity requirements needed for exposome-wide association studies (ExWAS). The established workflow is approximately 10× faster than routinely used metabolomics-based protein precipitation approaches when comparing the estimated total analysis time for 1000 samples. The method’s applicability for NTA and suspect screening was tested and compared to a generic protein precipitation protocol using NIST standard reference materials for urine (SRM 3672) and plasma (SRM 1950). Better performance was shown for the protein precipitation workflow while the SPE protocol demonstrated promising results. Therefore, the developed workflow is not only superior for future high-throughput targeted exposomics but also offers an option for NTA applications. The presented well-balanced approach is likely applicable to research in pharmacology, food safety, or systems toxicology.
Elaboration and characterization of a composite based on epoxy resin reinforced with glass fibers.
Authors: Ait Ben Lahcen NIZAR
Published: December 2024

This report presents the results of a workshop on the development and characterization of 1 a composite material based on epoxy resin, reinforced with glass fibers. It promotes the definition 2 and importance of composite materials, underscoring especially the fiberglass composites, which 3 have a great strength-to-weight ratio and quite extensive applications in terms of usage in many 4 industries, such as aerospace, automotive, and construction. The Materials and Methods section 5 provides fabrication details, including preparation of mixtures of epoxy and hardener and mechanical 6 testing performed for assessing tensile and bending properties. From the results, it was shown 7 that orientation and number of plies played a critical role in the mechanical performance of the 8 composites, where the optimized configurations gave better strength and stiffness. It follows from 9 the study that understanding the fabrication processes and mechanical behaviors of these composites 10 is fundamentally significant for advancing their applications in demanding environments. 11 Keywords: Composite Material, Fiberglass Composites, Epoxy Resin, Mechanical Testing, TensileTest, 12 Bending Test, Glass Fibers Reinforcement, Young’s Modulus, Composite Fabrication,Materials Process 13 Engineering
Capillary phenomena: New fundamental formula
Authors: Djama Noureddine
Published: December 2024

This study proposes a new fundamental formula that describes in a more coherent way, the rise and fall of liquids in capillaries. The variation of the contact angle classically associated with these phenomena appears to be the indirect result of a more authentic physical parameter, which we call the apparent capillary range. This range depends on factors expected to affect the contact angle, such as liquid-solid adhesion forces, liquid-liquid cohesion forces, liquid density, gravitational forces and the geometric shape of the capillary section. Our main objective in this work is not to criticize the classical theorya task that has been largely accomplishedbut to present a more general and coherent approach, which perfectly reconciles the thermodynamic and mechanical points of view and makes the interpretation of various configurations clearer. This new perspective can serve as a platform to guide researchers efforts toward more promising results. In the first part of this work, we discuss the theoretical basis of the new formula using common examples. In the second part, we introduce the more explicit form of this formula, thus allowing a more precise quantification of wettability by providing access to the direct measurement of liquid-solid adhesive forces. The third part proposes a method for measuring static surface tension without the adverse effects of the substrate.
Data-driven automatic synthesis planning: Synthesis routes of S-Zanubrutinib identified with CDI CASP
Authors: Guo Zhen , Takada Akihiro , Lapkin Alexei
Published: December 2024

Advances in computer-assisted synthesis planning (CASP) are revolutionising how new functional molecules in many chemistry-using industries are being developed. CASP tools allow to assemble and analyse prior knowledge of a specified chemical system (a molecule, a reaction, a synthesis route), to generate hypotheses on experimental campaigns that could either be performed manually or using automated reaction systems. Advanced CASP tools are combining data science, chemoinformatics, machine learning and physical models-based predictive tools. Compared to expert-based synthesis planning, the power of CASP techniques allows for faster and more comprehensive planning, which could significantly improve the efficiencies of chemical process/product development. This White Paper describes a recent collaboration project between Shionogi & Co. Ltd. and Chemical Data Intelligence (CDI) Ltd. The CASP system developed by CDI (CDI-CASP) was tested in developing a new synthesis of S-Zanubrutinib, a drug for lymphoma treatment. Three types of search in CDI-CASP - “search synthesis routes”, “search analogue routes” and “search chiral reactions” - were iteratively applied for synthesis planning. Setting search criteria requires expert involvement. This ‘human in the middle’ interactive strategy leads to a shorter, greener, and more efficient synthesis route compared to the benchmark route filed in a patent.
Evaluation of SULT1A1-activated alkylators as cytotoxic agents against liver cancer cells
Authors: Kong Ke , Zhao Wei , Shrimp Jonathan H. , Vava Marius , Sinha Rohan , Sharma Shweta , Lee Tobie D , Roth Jacob S , Lee Olivia W , Lewis Devin , Kearney Sara E. , Rohde Jason , Davis Mindy I. , Shah Pranav , Wang Amy , Xu Xin , Shi Lei , Shen Min , Boxer Matthew , Bardeesy Nabeel , Hall Matthew D. , Patnaik Samarjit
Published: December 2024

A quantitative high throughput screen (qHTS) of 7,988 compounds with annotated libraries using biliary tract cancer cell lines with or without isocitrate dehydrogenase I (IDH1) mutations had identified YC-1 as being selectively cytotoxic against the IDH1 mutant cell lines. We present the structure-activity relationship study of YC-1 analogs and identify the key structural motifs that are essential for activity. We highlight the narrow SAR around the furfuryl alcohol that has been reported as a critical motif that is activated by the sulfotransferase enzyme SULT1A1. Drug-like properties of key analogs are evaluated. We also show the SAR of a smaller subset of 2-choloro-4-amino benzyl alcohols from the NCI compound collection with a similar benzyl alcohol motif. We also demonstrate the ability of key analogs to act as substrates of SULT1A1 in a colorimetric biochemical assay.
Analysis and optimal control for SEIR mathematical modeling of COVID-19
Authors: Ouattara Lassina , Ouedraogo Harouna , Ouedraogo Dramane , Guiro Aboudramane
Published: December 2024

In this paper a mathematical model of SEIR type is formulated. represented by modeling the coronavirus epidemic. In this present study, we consider a mathematical model that incorporates the whole population and variability in transmission between reported and unreported populations. The global stability of the disease free equilibrium (DFE) point is established. The basic reproduction number R0 is calculated. We introduce into our model two controls which are vaccination ofsusceptible humans denoted by u and treatment of infected humans designed by v. In addition, this model takes into consideration the control of contact between infectious individuals and susceptible persons A numerical simulation of the model is made.
The Effect of Water Flow Velocity on Heat Collection Performance of Active Heat Storage and Release System for Solar Greenhouses
Authors: Lu Wei , Liang Lirui , Shi Dawei , Peng Wenjun , Zheng Yangxia , Lee In-bok , Li Mengyao , Yang Qichang , Hu Jiangtao , Tang Xiaopei , Jiang Chengyao
Published: December 2024

In order to explore the influence of water velocity on the heat collection performance of the active heat storage and release system for solar greenhouses in Table l and, six different flow rates were selected for treatment in this experiment. The comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the active heat storage and release system at the heat collection stage was calculated by measuring the indoor solar radiation intensity, indoor air temperature and measured water tank temperature. The prediction model of water temperature in the heat collection stage was established, and the initial value of water temperature and the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient were input through MATLAB software. The simulated value of water temperature was compared with the measured value and the results showed that the best heat transfer effect could be achieved when the water flow speed was 1.0 m3h-1. The average relative error between the simulated water tank temperature and the measured value is 2.70–6.91%. The results indicate that the model is established correctly, and the variation trend of water temperature can be predicted according to the model in the heat collection stage.
Future Point Estimation Method for Unpowered Gliding Targets
Authors: Wang Shoufeng
Published: December 2024

In modern warfare, unpowered glide munitions, represented by JDAM, are widely used. Accurately predicting the future trajectory of such targets is crucial for intercepting them. This paper proposes a future point prediction method for unpowered gliding targets based on attitude computation. By estimating the current state of the target, we derive the target’s attitude coordinate system. Subsequently, the paper analyzes the forces acting on the target and updates the state transition matrix, ultimately calculating the future position of the target. Experimental results show that, compared to traditional methods, this approach improves the accuracy of future point predictions by 9% to 45%.
Distributed Adaptive Predefined-Time Bipartite Containment Algorithm for Nonlinear Multi-Agent Systems with Actuator Faults
Authors: Wu Honghao
Published: December 2024

Distributed adaptive predefined-time bipartite containment for a class of second-order nonlinear multi-agent systems are studied with actuator faults. The communication topology of multi-agent systems is fixed and directed. To ensure that followers can reach the convex hull spanned by leaders under the conditions of actuator faults, the sliding mode method is introduced. Control protocol for multi-agent systems demonstrates its effectiveness. Finally, simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Is “Intelligence” More Capable of Promoting the Development of the Tertiary Industry? — Analysis of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Different Categories of Industries
Authors: Huang Yikun , Shi ZiXuan
Published: December 2024

In the new scientific and technological revolution round, artificial intelligence (AI) technology has become a key leading force for industrial change. Research shows that AI not only promoted technical transformation and industry upgrades but also played a significant role in the rapid development of emerging industries. Based on the installed number of industrial robots and the industrial data by the National Bureau of Statistics, this study establishes a theoretical framework with the econometric model and compares the impact of AI on different categories of industries through empirical analysis. Our results show that AI not only promotes economic growth but also plays a key role in promoting the tertiary industry. Hence, optimization of industrial structure and economic upgrade can be induced.
Exploration of Industrial Internet Security Technology and Application from the Perspective of Generative Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Li Dinggao , Liao Shengda , Zheng Zhuo
Published: December 2024

In recent years, artificial intelligence technology has developed rapidly around the world is widely used in various fields, and plays an important role. The integration of industrial Internet security with new technologies such as big models and generative artificial intelligence has become a hot research issue. In this regard, this paper briefly analyzes the industrial Internet security technology and application from the perspective of generative artificial intelligence, hoping to provide some valuable reference and reference for readers.
When China Met Rock and Roll: Globalization and Localization in the 1980s’ Post-Mao Era
Authors: Shen Taolue
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the emergence of Chinese rock music in the 1980s, emphasizing its complex interplay with American rock influences and the socio-cultural transformations in post-Mao China. Pioneering Chinese rock musicians not only embraced and imitated American rock but also adapted its themes and styles to resonate with local realities, reflecting a unique process of globalization. Drawing on Arjun Appadurai’s concept of cultural “scapes”, the analysis highlights how the reform and opening-up policies initiated by Deng Xiaoping facilitated the flow of Western music and ideas into China, paving the way for a new cultural landscape. The disillusionment with Maoist ideologies and the desire for individualism among the youth fueled a distinct rock movement characterized by a paradoxical relationship with both traditional Chinese culture and Western influences. Through the works of artists like Cui Jian, the paper illustrates how Chinese rock music became a powerful medium for expressing the aspirations and frustrations of a generation navigating the complexities of modernization and identity. Ultimately, this study underscores the localized adaptation of a global genre, showcasing how the Chinese rock music scene emerged as a reflection of the country’s unique historical and cultural context.
Research on the Employment Ability of College Students Based on SCT Model
Authors: Li Xiaoyan
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the key issue of college students’ employability and introduces the SCT model for in-depth analysis. By elaborating on the connotation and elements of the SCT model, the study analyzes the current status of college students’ employability in terms of professional skills, communication and collaboration, and career planning. Based on the SCT model, strategies are proposed to enhance the employability of college students from the perspectives of strengthening self-efficacy, optimizing expected outcomes, and improving environmental factors. The aim is to provide useful references for alleviating the employment difficulties of college students and promoting the improvement of employment guidance work in universities.
The Social Capital Behind SNS in China — Based on the Example of WeChat
Authors: Xie Huiqi , Fan Yangyang , Liu Qishuang , Shen Junjuan
Published: December 2024

With the increasing number of users on Chinese social network sites and the growing popularity of WeChat, it is essential to study the behaviors and attitudes of SNS (Social Networking Services) users in China to explore the underlying reasons behind them, particularly social capital. While there have been numerous studies on social capital, limited research has focused on its fluctuations in the field of the Internet. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the differences in online and offline social capital by examining people’s behaviors and attitudes towards social network sites, using WeChat as an example to explore the inner motivations of SNS users and explain the significance of social capital.
Operational Strategy of Nonuniform Air Supply in Cleanrooms
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhang Minwei , Li Hao , Wang Li , Li Jun , Zou Zhijun
Published: December 2024

To ensure that cleanroom cleanliness requirements are met, the current design and operation of cleanrooms generally necessitate the fan filter unit (FFU) to open. However, deploying an excessive number of FFUs may lead to an air volume redundancy problem, which can reduce air volume. Conversely, reducing FFUs and their airflow might also increase the risk of uneven indoor airflow distribution and particle concentration. This study analyzes the influence of the nonuniform operational strategy of FFUs (including the opening rate, arrangement position, and air velocity of FFUs) on the distribution of airborne particulate matter concentration in the cleanroom using CFD simulation technology. Results showed that opening only the top part of the source FFU can significantly reduce the indoor particulate concentration in the cleanroom and maintain the cleanliness that meets the requirements of cleanrooms. In the case of the same number of air exchanges, increasing the air velocity of the upper FFU of the indoor airborne particulate pollution source has a significant effect on the purification of indoor particulate matter in the cleanroom. These results show that the nonuniform air supply from the upper FFU of the source has good purification performance for airborne particles in a typical cleanroom.
Comparative analysis of the impact of cigarette taxation on consumption, revenue and mortality in Jordan
Authors: Al-sheyab Nihaya A. , Khader Yousef , Alyahya Mohammad S. , Sweis Nadia , Mirza Maryam
Published: December 2024

Background: Tobacco taxes are a powerful tool for reducing tobacco consumption and a reliable source of revenue for government.
Aim: To investigate the potential efficacy of tobacco taxation strategies in Jordan in relation to their fiscal and healthrelated outcomes.
Methods: Using Tobacconomics, we conducted a comparative analysis of several taxation scenarios: maintaining the status quo; increasing both specific excise and tiered taxes; increasing tiered tax rates alone; and raising specific excise taxes only.
Results: We obtained the projected fiscal and health outcomes under the different tax policy scenarios: current scenario with no adjustments; 20% increase in specific excise taxes coupled with a 10% boost in tiered tax rates; raising tier tax by 20%; and raising specific excise by 20%. A 20% increase in excise taxes will decrease cigarette consumption, increase government revenues and reduce deaths among adults and adolescents. It can provide up to 87.5% reduction in adolescent deaths if coupled with a 10% boost in tiered tax rates.
Conclusion: A consistent and aggressive approach to tobacco taxation can effectively decrease tobacco consumption and increase government revenue if Jordan's multi-tiered specific excise tax system is adjusted according to retail price.
The Development of Housing Infrastructure for the Russian Army during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878
Authors: Khasanov T. N.
Published: December 2024

The material conditions in the Russian army during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 are studied. A focus is placed on adequate housing as a key factor in ensuring and maintaining the psychophysical wellbeing of soldiers throughout military operations. The two main ways of housing troops used by Russia in that period of time are discussed: barracks and camps. The regulations that governed the accommodation of Russian military personnel within the governorates of the Russian Empire and in foreign territories, as well as the requirements for barrack facilities, both constructed and requisitioned, are outlined. The role of the support provided by the Romanian Principality to Russia and the agreements between them is considered. The deployment of the Russian army in the field is examined. Various types of tents are singled out. The level of comfort they offered is assessed. Additionally, measurements of their size and capacity are performed, and the results are compared with modern standards accepted in Russia. The tent provision in the Russian army, including that at different stages of the war, is specified.
Benefits and Privileges of Police Service in Imperial Russia: Central Asia
Authors: Litvinov V. P.
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes service benefits and privileges in Tsarist Russia. During the Imperial period, the country developed a complex system of them, both general and specific (regional). They were established by law for the outskirts of the Russian Empire, including those in Central Asia (Russian Turkestan) under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of War. The system was also influenced by the experiences of Siberia and the Caucasus. The analysis considers the pension benefits for Turkestan officials, reduced service terms required for retirement, increased payments for relocation to or from the region to central Russian provinces, regular salary increases every five years of service, longer vacations, allowances for children’s education, guaranteed placement of children in educational institutions with paid travel to them, as well as free healthcare and medication for administrative and police officials, etc. It is concluded that all these benefits and privileges attracted more qualified, professionally trained, and experienced personnel to serve in the remote Russian territories of Central Asia.
Merchants and Technological Progress (A Case Study of the Vologda Governorate during the Second Half of the 19th and Early 20th Centuries)
Authors: Leyman I. I.
Published: December 2024

This article shows, based on a detailed analysis of both archival and published sources (including the periodical “Vologodskie Gubernskie Vedomosti” (‘Vologda Provincial Gazette’)), how Vologda merchants used various technological advancements in their business and daily practices during the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. In the Russian Empire, it was the time of rapid science and technology development, with innovations becoming increasingly integrated into everyday life. The merchants of the Vologda Governorate, like those in other regions, were the early adopters of this progress, adjusting and exploiting the changes for their benefit. In the 1850s–1860s, they already actively used machinery and equipment, some imported from England, to facilitate industrial manufacturing and ease commercial operations. In the 1870s–1890s, they opened photography studios and began utilizing telephone communications. During the 1880s, electric lighting made its debut in the Vologda Governorate, which was at a distillery owned by the heirs of the merchant I.A. Pervushin. The emergence of electric theaters in the region is also associated with the efforts of local merchants. In the early 20th century, cinematography flourished, with M.D. Pervushin’s electric theater “Apollo” being one of the best in Vologda. Besides, the merchant class was at the forefront of promoting the use of cars, and among the first seven car owners in Vologda was the merchant D.I. Titov.
Safavid Shehzade Alkas Mirza and His Role in the Ottoman Empire
Authors: Yurdakal O.
Published: December 2024

This article explores the short life of the Safavid Shehzade Alkas Mirza (1516–1550), the second son of Shah Ismail. In the early adult years, he served as the governor (beylerbey) of Shirvan, where he ruled under the authority of his elder brother Tahmasp, who would later become a shah of Iran. Alkas Mirza sought independence for his province. These ambitions brought him into conflict with Shah Tahmasp and ended in defeat. In search of support, he fled to the Ottoman Empire and was received there as a legitimate ruler of an independent state rather than a shehzade in exile. After several meetings with Sultan Suleiman, he persuaded him to march against Shah Tahmasp. In the 1548–1549 campaign, Alkas Mirza not only participated but played an active role in the Ottoman military operations against the Safavid forces. However, the campaign ultimately failed due to the clever military strategy devised by Shah Tahmasp to counteract the enemy, thus leading to Alkas Mirza’s loss of favor and diminishing influence at the Ottoman court. Forced to leave the country, he soon fell into his brother’s hands and died under mysterious circumstances. During the research at the Ottoman Archives in Istanbul, new diplomatic documents, which shed light on the described events marking a significant milestone in the history of the Ottoman–Iranian relations over the mid-16th century, were discovered.
University culture in the 19th century through the memoirs of Dean D.F. Belyaev’s daughter
Authors: Sychenkova L. A.
Published: December 2024

The unpublished memoirs of Zoya Dmitrievna Belyaeva, who was the daughter of D.F. Belyaev (1846–1901), an esteemed Byzantinist and the dean of the Faculty of History and Philology at Kazan Imperial University, reveal how her father’s professional duties were inextricably intertwined with his personal experiences. These reflections not only capture the nuances of the scholar’s everyday life but also share the author’s perspective on the university culture of the late 19th century, thus enriching its history with many new, previously unknown, details and facts. The rhythm and lifestyle of D.F. Belyaev’s family were defined by the university events, corporate rituals, and professional interests. Z.D. Belyaeva skillfully captured the mindset typical of the classical academic community in those times. The celebration of the Emperor’s name day, religious holidays, visits to educational museums, jour fixes were especially important for both the family and the entire university. The descriptions of the interactions among the faculty members flesh out the portrayals of D.F. Belyaev’s colleagues at Kazan University: D.A. Korsakov, F.M. Mishchenko, N.A. Firsov, and D.I. Naguevskii. The social circle of the family included the families of D.I. Dubyago, the dean of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, and A.S. Nikol’skii, the head of public schools in the Kazan Governorate. D.F. Belyaev enjoyed the favor of K.V. Voroshilov and N.A. Kremlev, the rectors of Kazan Imperial University, as well as N.G. Potapov, the trustee of the Kazan Educational District.
Professor I.M. Ionenko’s Personality and Destiny in the Context of His Times [Review: Kabytov P.S., Fedorova N.A. Professor Ivan Mikhailovich Ionenko: His Personality and Times. 2nd ed., revis. and expanded. Kazan, Izd. Kazan. Univ., 2024. 224 p. (In Russian)]
Authors: Bushuev A. S.
Published: December 2024

This article reviews the second (revised and expanded) edition of the book “Professor Ivan Mikhailovich Ionenko: His Personality and Times” by P.S. Kabytov and N.A. Fedorova, with a detailed analysis of its main sections, which trace I.M. Ionenko’s life path, pedagogical and scholarly experience, public work, personal life, and relationships with students. The relevance of the book is discussed in the context of current historiographical trends. The key strengths of the book are highlighted, including its credibility, quality and diversity of the source materials used, thorough reconstruction of the pivotal moments in the life of the researcher, and precise definition of the role his works played in the development of Russian historiography. Therefore, the book offers valuable insights into the life of Professor I.M. Ionenko of Kazan Federal University and is a meaningful contribution to preserving the corporate memory of historians over time.
Tahıllarda bulanan antosiyaninler ve sağlık üzerine etkileri
Authors: Yüksel Yavuz
Published: December 2024

Antosiyaninler, polifenolik bileşikler olup, flavonoid pigmentlerin en önemli grubudur. Tarımsal ürünlerde yaygın olarak bulunurlar. Antosiyaninler, tüm gelişmiş bitkilerin çiçekleri, meyveleri, yaprakları, gövdeleri ve köklerinde oluşmaktadır. Antosiyaninlerin renkleri gıdanın asitliğine de bağlı olarak değişiklik göstermektedir. Çoğu antosiyanin asidik şartlarda kırmızı ve düşük asitli şartlarda ise mavi renge dönüşmektedir. Gıdalarda serbest halde bulunmazlar. Bazı organik bileşenler ile bağlı olarak bulunurlar. Antosiyaninlerin iltihap giderici, damar koruyucu, normal damar geçirgenliğini koruyucu, trombosit kümeleşmesini önleyici, tümör gelişimini önleyici, antiülser, diyabet kontrolü ve UV radyasyona karşı koruyucu etkileri gibi birçok faydalı yönünün olduğu bilinmektedir. Yapılan in vivo ve in vitro çalışmalar bu faydaları doğrulayıcı niteliktedir. Araştırma sonuçları incelendiğinde tahıllarda renk yoğunluğu arttıkça antosiyanin oranlarının yükseldiği gözlemlenmiştir. Tahıllarda çeşit farklılığına göre, siyanidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, delfinidin ve malvidin grubu antosiyaninler farklı oranlarda tespit edilmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada tahıllarda teknolojik açıdan önemsiz olan fakat insan sağlığı açısından önemli bir yeri olan antosiyaninlerin tahıllarda bulunma durumu ve ayrıca bunların insan sağlığı üzerine etkileri derlenmiştir.
Неореалізм у літературі ХХ століття: проблеми термінологічного визначення та рецепції в Україні
Authors: Колошук Надія
Published: December 2024

The stylistic trend of neorealism developed in many countries throughout the 20th century – from the era of decadence to the postmodern period. This development is related to new modernist trends and ideas, not just classical realism. The purpose of the study: to introduce the concept of "neorealism" into a wider context. The theoretical basis is the historical-literary analysis and comparative comparison (comparative-typological and receptological methods).
The influence of realist traditions is undeniable in the early works of the avant-garde James Joyce and even in the search for a new manner of prose writing – "stream of consciousness" – in "Ulysses". Vivid examples of the complex interaction of the realistic tradition of the 19th century and modern ideas are the works of Luigi Pirandello, Thomas Mann, and other modernists. The new philosophical foundation of realism in the 20th century is modern "philosophy of life" and existentialist philosophy. Italian neorealism as an independent stylistic trend began to emerge already in the period of the approach of the Second World War and immediately after it, when it received recognition in criticism. Italian criticism gave this current the name "neorealism", borrowing from philosophy and considering the bygone era of realism. In the middle of the 20th century the development of neorealism is conditioned by the crisis state of culture in post-totalitarian societies, primarily by the need to overcome totalitarian myths and stereotypes of the mass consciousness, caused by the dominance of propaganda and political or aesthetic dogmatism. Neorealist art is connected with the development of mass culture.
However, true neorealist art was not able to overcome totalitarian prejudices and stereotypes everywhere. The revival of imperial totalitarian ideology in modern Russia is connected with the "dying" of neorealism in the 1950s and 1980s. In the literature of the former USSR, neorealism opposed socialist realism. Officially declared in the totalitarian world under the control of the Soviet Union, the trend of social realism purely formally declared the principles of realistic art, in particular "the true reflection of life", but had nothing to do with neorealism, except for the external entourage and declarations.
ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF ALKALINE SERINE PROTEASE FROM THE MID GUT MICROBES OF BOMBYX MORI LARVA
Authors: H. M Mohan Kumar , Yashodha Lakshmi G. S  , C Yashaswini
Published: December 2024

Commercial protease enzymes are usually produced from bacteria due to their high rate of production and simple downstream processing. Alkaline proteases have the ability to work efficiently in extreme industrial conditions and environmental friendly. In the recent years as an alternative to chemicals, researchers are trying to find suitable protease enzymes. Hence the aim of this study was to isolation and purification the alkaline serine protease from the midgut microbes of Bombyx mori larva. Results revealed the presence of Gram positive short tubular bacteria with endospores in the midgut of Bombyx mori larva, which can be an excellent source of alkaline protease. Purification of alkaline protease was done using precipitation of ammonium sulphate, dialysis, column chromatography with DEAE-cellulose column and gel filtration. From the SDS-PAGE study the molecular weight of the purified protease was found to be around 62 kDa
A CASE STUDY ON PRISONERS RIGHT
Authors: Naidu Nirnesh
Published: December 2024

This case study delves into the issue of prisoners' rights, exploring the balance between the rights of individuals incarcerated in prisons and the need for maintaining order and security in correctional facilities. Focusing on the legal framework in India, the study examines how laws, judicial rulings, and international human rights standards interact to safeguard prisoners' rights while ensuring that they serve their sentences. Through an analysis of relevant statutes, landmark court cases, and prison conditions, the study offers a comprehensive review of the current state of prisoners' rights in India, highlighting gaps, challenges, and potential reforms.
RAKSHADHIKARI BAIJU OPPU: PLAYGROUND AS A DEFENCE TO ANTHROPOCENE
Authors: C Roshni
Published: December 2024

The idea of the Anthropocene has recently garnered significant interest. It denotes a time when human impact has become unparalleled, complicating our grasp of both history and the future. Numerous scholars argue that reexamining human culture is essential to comprehend the relationship between humanity and nature, as well as to assess the effects of human actions on the Earth. In this regard, the Malayalam film Rakshadhikari Baiju Oppu, directed by Ranjan Pramod, acts as an essential reference, shedding light on strategies to counter the prevailing Anthropocene era.
PRICING STRATEGIES FOR PERFORMING ARTS: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Thomas Rani Maria
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the various pricing strategies for performing arts. The traditional pricing strategies focus more on tangible goods that differ from services in many respects. Even in the service category, performing arts have a unique place. The reasons for this uniqueness are explained in this paper. Innovative pricing methods are extensively used in modern times. The study compares traditional, dynamic, and innovative pricing strategies for performing arts. The study suggests that there is no single strategy for any performing art. It varies with time, quantity and quality of audience, place, duration of performance, degree of competition, brand image, etc.
The design of manufacturing process of mold for producing polymeric dissolving microneedles
Authors: Zolotareva M.S. , Kondratenko V.S. , Panov A.V. , Kedik S.A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Polymeric dissolving microneedles are promising way for drug delivery especially for vaccine delivery. It is an important task to create a scalable way of manufacture of dissolving polymeric microneedles. First step in this process is to create an easy and cheap way of producing negative master-molds for microneedles. Objective. To develop the laser production technology of negative master-mold for dissolving polymeric microneedles. Material and methods. Possibility of using different polymer plates (polydimethylsiloxane, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate and polyethylene terephthalate) for producing negative microneedle molds and material’s surface free energy were examined. The modes of laser ablation of polymer and ways of its control were investigated. Pullulan dissolving microneedles were produced by using designed molds and examined by optical microscopy. Results. Polyethylene terephthalate was chosen as the optimal polymer for producing negative microneedle mold because it leads to producing symmetrical microneedles with desired geometry. Also the 2-step laser technology for the fabrication of polymeric microneedle molds and methods of mold’s quality control during manufacture was designed in this study. The technological scheme of polyethylene terephthalate microneedle mold’s manufacture was proposed in results of this study. The variety of manufacturing defects of polyethylene terephthalate microneedle mold and it’s causes were summarized. Conclusion. The designed laser technology of producing negative microneedle molds in combination with right mold’s material (polyethylene terephthalate) can guarantee robust producing of dissolving polymeric microneedles and gives a possibility to scale it up.
Modeling of the intelligent interface of interaction between a pharmacy and a children's clinic
Authors: Kurashov M.M. , Kondrashov A.A. , Loskutova E.E.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Economic barriers, uneven territorial distribution of pharmacy organizations, and insufficient efficiency of drugs supply chains hinder the accessibility of drugs and the timely receipt of pharmaceutical care (PC) by patients worldwide. The digital transformation in healthcare, accelerated by the COVID-19 crisis, necessitates the adaptation of PC practices to meet modern patient needs. Objective of the study. To develop and validate a procedure for the interaction between a clinic and a pharmacy to facilitate data exchange through an interface, enabling the pharmacy to receive data for forming an assortment of drugs adapted to the characteristics and behavioral trends of the main target audience. Material and methods. The study utilized anonymized data on drugs prescriptions by physicians from the medical information system of a network of medical organizations in Moscow for the period from January 2018 to December 2023. Data preprocessing was conducted, followed by the training of a machine learning model using the LightGBM algorithm. The predictive performance of the model was assessed using MAE and RMSE metrics. Results. An analytical interface for the interaction between the clinic and the pharmacy was developed, incorporating a predictive model for forming the drugs assortment. The model effectively accounts for seasonal trends, patient demographic characteristics, and other key factors influencing drugs demand. The average MAE and RMSE values were 1.27 and 1.68, respectively, indicating high model accuracy. Conclusion. Implementing the developed interface allows the pharmacy to form drugs assortment tailored to the real needs of patients, contributing to optimized inventory management, reduced risk of shortages and overstocking, enhanced accessibility of PC for children, and increased economic efficiency of the pharmacy. The integration of big data technologies and machine learning opens new prospects for the personalization of medical and pharmaceutical care.