bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Re-examining the value proposition for Competency-Based Medical Education
Authors: Dagnone Jeffrey Damon , Bandiera Glen , Harris Kenneth
Published: April 2021

The adoption of competency-based medical education (CBME) by Canadian postgraduate training programs has created a storm of excitement and controversy. Implementing the system-wide Competency by Design (CBD) project initiated by the Royal College of Physicians & Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC), is an ambitious transformative change challenge. Not surprisingly, tensions have arisen across the country around the theoretical underpinnings of CBME and the practicalities of implementation, resulting in calls for evidence justifying its value. Assumptions have been made on both sides of the argument contributing to an atmosphere of unhealthy protection of the status quo, premature conclusions of CBME’s worth, and an oversimplification of risks and costs to participants.

We feel that a renewed effort to find a shared vision of medical education and the true value proposition of CBME is required to recreate a growth-oriented mindset. Also, the aspirational assertion of a direct link between CBME and improved patient outcomes requires deferral until further implementation and study has occurred. However, we perceive more concrete and immediate value of CBME arises from the societal contract physicians have, the connection to maintaining self-regulation, and the potential customization of training for learners.
The Old and the New World of Wine: Rethinking Enogastronomic Tourism from Contextual Factors
Authors: Contreras Daniel De Jesús , Thomé-Ortiz Humberto
Published: April 2021

Research in wine tourism highlights synergies between wine and gastronomy as a marketing strategy for the territory. However, how enogastronomic tourism materializes shows different characteristics according to contextual factors. This article aims to problematize enogastronomic tourism
from the perspective of its territorial, economic, and sociocultural impacts in rural areas through an inductive method. For this, a comparative case study was carried out between two oenological regions of Mexico and Spain, where tourism associated with wine and local gastronomy is one of
the most important economic activities. In both cases, the results show the existence of two different models of food and wine tourism that are related to contextual factors such as the economic, historical, and cultural conditions of the regions studied, the specific demands of leisure tourism
in late capitalism, socioeconomic relations between wine and gastronomy, and cooperation among stakeholders. The results obtained allow discussing the different paths of enogastronomic tourism in the regions of the new and the old world of wine as expressions of territorial innovation or historical
continuity, which serve as support to build the specificity of the wine routes concerning the characteristics from different contexts.
ON MOSTAR INDEX OF GRAPHS
Authors: Kandan P. , Subramanian S.
Published: April 2021

On the great success of bond-additive topological indices like Szeged, Padmakar-Ivan, Zagreb, and irregularity measures, yet another index, the Mostar index, has been introduced recently as a peripherality measure in molecular graphs and networks. For a connected graph G, the Mostar index is defined as $$M_{o}(G)=\displaystyle{\sum\limits_{e=gh\epsilon E(G)}}C(gh),$$ where $C(gh) \,=\,\left|n_{g}(e)-n_{h}(e)\right|$ be the contribution of edge $uv$ and $n_{g}(e)$ denotes the number of vertices of $G$ lying closer to vertex $g$ than to vertex $h$ ($n_{h}(e)$ define similarly). In this paper, we prove a general form of the results obtained by $Do\check{s}li\acute{c}$ et al.\cite{18} for compute the Mostar index to the Cartesian product of two simple connected graph. Using this result, we have derived the Cartesian product of paths, cycles, complete bipartite graphs, complete graphs and to some molecular graphs.
Knowledge and Awareness about Identification of Domestic Violence, Abuse and Neglect of Victim among Dentists
Authors: Sunitha S  , Vidya G Doddawad  , Sushma R
Published: April 2021

Domestic violence is an age-old social evil which remains hidden from the eyes of the society for long.The incidence of domestic violence (DV) is at epidemic proportions of violence, abuse and neglect of anyindividual have a significant impact on the social system. Majority of the studies report violent and abusiveinjuries involve the head and neck region but many times dentists fail to report abuse. The various reasonscould include loss of patients, economic loss and fear of dealing caregivers or of getting involved. Aboveall these, the majorly lack of sufficient knowledge about identification uncertainty of diagnosis and agencieswhere to report. The purpose of this paper is to assess the knowledge regarding identification of domesticviolence, abuse and neglect and reporting agencies of maltreatment.Aim & Objective: The aim of the present study is to assess knowledge and create awareness regardingidentification of domestic violence, abuse and neglect and reporting agencies of maltreatment among dentistsof Mysuru city of India.Method: A self-administered, structured questionnaire written in English given to the dentists who givetheir consent.Results: 91.7% (n=100) of the participants had heard about Domestic Violence, neglect and abuse and73%(n=67) had come across victims of Domestic violence, neglect and abuse. Among them, 9.2% (n=10)had come across them frequently and 32 (29.8%) occasionally.51 respondents said that the domestic violence victims are adult females, elderly female patients (16.6%)followed by children between 12 to 15 years of age (13.7%)Conclusion: Many dentists will come across and identify the victims in their practice, but only few dentistswill make an attempt to report. The main reason being lack of knowledge and proper training. Thus, there is aneed for all of us to get trained in this aspect. Recognizing reporting the violence is everyone’s responsibility
Role of Sonoelastography in Predicting Positive Sperm Retrieving in Patients with Non-Obstructive Azoospermia
Authors: Saaduldeen Gali  , Muntader Easa Alkhursan  , Mohamad A. Mahdi  , Raid Haleem Al saad
Published: April 2021

Background: Infertility is an important public health problem , almost 10-30 % is due to azoospermia.Elastography is a new ultrasound modality which simply could evaluate the internal elasticity of the testis &finally give an idea about the presence or absence of sperms.Objective: To evaluate the validity of sonoelastography in predicting positive sperm retrieving in patientwith azoospermia.Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study performed in Al-Sader Teaching Hospital / fertility center& radiology department during the period from 1st September 2017 to 1st September 2018, included 98patients /196 testes) with azoospermia by B-mode U/S, Doppler study (RI) & Elastography (strain ratio) ,then biopsies obtained for all patientsResults: Only (136) testes were subjected to biopsy. Testicular volume & strain ratio were the most importantfactors which suggest that the testis will give a positive or negative sperm retrieving. Low volume + highstrain NSR (bad prognosis) while high volume + low strain PSR (good prognosis).These findings of SR were 75.7% sensitive, 93% specific, with 78% and 92% positive and negativepredictive values, respectively and an accuracy of 89%.Conclusion: Strain Elastography results have been validated and were differed significantly betweenpatients with abnormal sperms count than those without. This Technique provides a promising way to getmore accurate diagnostic results.
Supervised Classification Approaches for Brain Tumour Classification Using Fused Wavelet Features
Authors: Shailendra Kumar Mishra  , Hiran Kumar Singh
Published: April 2021

In this study, an efficient pattern recognition technique is developed for Brain Image Classification (BIC) intonormal or abnormal. Wavelet transform features with supervised classification have a potential role to playin bringing Magnetic resonance Images (MRI) of the brain into practical clinical use.The developed patternrecognition technique uses Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Dual tree M-band Wavelet Transform(DMWT), and Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) for feature extraction, k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN)and Naive Bayes (NB) for classification and is considered as an effective and accurate tool for brain imageanalysis for cancer classification. Also, the predominant coefficients are chosen from the combined featurespace by rank features of statistical feature selection approach. Results show that the proposed system actsas a pre-treatment predictor for BIC with an accuracy of 88.5% for kNN and 95.5% for NB classification.
Psychological Impacts, Hand Hygeine Practices and Its Correlates in View of Covid-19 among Health Care Professionals in Northern States of India
Authors: Shalu Sharma  , Akoijam Mamata Devi  , Deepak
Published: April 2021

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 presents an important and urgent threat to global health.190 countries with more than 300 000 confirmed cases and 14 510 deaths1. This critical situation, healthcare workers on the front line who are directly involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of patientswith COVID-19 are at risk of developing psychological distress and other mental health symptoms andtransmission between people through close contact and droplets2-3.Method: Descriptive correlation survey design was to assess psychological impacts, hand hygiene practices& and its correlates in view of covid-19. Probability Stratified cluster staging sampling techniques were usedto select 320 health care professionals.Result: The findings revealed that the effect of noval coronavirus covid-19 among health care professionals43.8% had mild fear, 45.9% moderate fear, and 10.3% a severe fear, and their mean value (14.58), S.D(6.96) and the variance was 48.54. Level of mild perceived stress was 46.87%, moderate perceived stresswas 44.06% and 9.06% had severe perceived stress their mean value (14.417), S.D (7.09) and variance was(50.38).Researcher is also assessing the level of practice was 94.37% had good practice, 5.62% had weakpractice their mean value (18.22), S.D (3.15) and variance was (9.92) regarding the prevention of novelcoronavirus covid -19 among Health care professionals. The correlation between fear and perceived stresswas intermediate correlation, fear and practice had weak positive correlation and in between perceivedstress and practice was showing weak positive but nearly close to no correlation. Fear was significantlyassociated with workplace was, perceived stress was significantly associated with Gender, No. of familymembers was statistically significant at P<0.05.Conclusion: Novel coronavirus covid-19 was affecting their psychological factors among health careprofessionals those are working in hospitals.
Natural Honey- as an Effective Adjunct in the Management of Radiation Induced Oral Mucositis
Authors: Karthikeya Patil  , M S Vishveshwara  , Mahima V Guledgud  , Aishwarya R  , Prasannasrinivas Deshpande  , Nagabhushana Doggalli
Published: April 2021

Background - Malignancies are second most common cause of death in the world. Betel quid chewing,smoking, alcohol and low socioeconomic status contribute to its high prevalence. Its treatment protocolincludes surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or a combination. Oral mucositis is an unavoidable mostfrequent, painful, distressing clinical side effect of radiotherapy.Methods – The study group consisted of 102 subjects diagnosed with carcinoma of head and neck andplanned for radiotherapy and had developed oral mucositis, among which 51 were in control group and 51in interventional group. The control group received 0.9% normal saline while interventional group receivednatural honey as topical application. Both the groups were evaluated by World Health Organization oralmucositis assessment scale and symptoms were assessed on verbal basis at baseline (I visit) and along withfour follow-up visits at an interval of 10 days, for total period of 40 days by 2 investigators. The studyduration was of 2 years.Conclusion- This study concludes that the topical application of honey can be used as an adjunct inalleviating the symptoms and in effective management of radiation mucositis as it is an easily available,simple, potent and inexpensive agent.
Bio Functional Evaluation of EGFR Expression as a Prognostic Indicator in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and a Recommendation for Personalized Targeted Therapy with Anti EGFR Inhibitors
Authors: Karthikeya Patil  , Jayashree K  , Mahima V Guledgud  , Aishwarya R  , Prasannasrinivas Deshpande  , Nagabhushana Doggalli
Published: April 2021

Background: Carcinoma is a complex, multifactorial and a devastating disease. Understanding the molecularchanges that leads to disease enables one to develop strategies to prevent, provide an early diagnosis andserve as targets for therapy. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), a 170-kDa cell-surface proteinis a tyrosine kinase receptor from the ErbB family and is involved in many biological processes thataffect tumour development, growth progression, differentiation, inhibition of apoptosis and developmentof metastasis. Methods: Study included 54 cases of oral squamous cell carcinomas. EGFR expression byimmunohistochemistry has been studied, correlated with clinical parameters, known prognostic factors andpatient survival to note its significance.Conclusion: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) with or without regional lymph nodemetastases, are challenging to treat effectively. The prognosis for the patients with advanced stage of thedisease still remains poor. The correlation of EGFR overexpression with tumour size, grade, stage andsurvival suggests that EGFR expression can be considered as having prognostic significance and is apotential target for therapy with EGFR inhibitors in HNSCC. Further studies are required to assure theviability of EGFR levels in saliva as non-invasive prognostic marker and also as an indicator of recurrence.
Efficiency of Chamomile Essential Oils on Sleeping Quality of First-year University Students
Authors: Pongsak Jaroenngarmsamer  , Kittikan Pajongsaleepanya  , Phannee Rojanabenjakun  , Jatuporn Ounprasertsuk  , Tipvarin Benjanirat  , Sasipen Krutchangthong  , Sunatcha Choawai
Published: April 2021

Objective: This is the quasi-experimental research proposed to study the efficiency of chamomile essentialoils on sleeping quality of the first-year university student.Methods: The sample was selected on 20 students with poor sleeping quality. The study was done weekly in2 weeks, intervened with chamomile essential oil. Research tools were the 3-parts questionnaires includingpersonal information, quality of sleep and environmentally influencing sleep. Data were analyzed instatistically parameters.Results: The sleeping quality of the 1st year university students in chamomile group, compare mean andstandard deviation of experimental group found that the mean pre-test sleep quality was M = 80.20, SD =6.65, with poor sleep quality overall and after 2 weeks of trial participation M = 55.65, SD = 10.32, whichhad moderate sleep quality. In experiment with the experimental group, it was found that after 2 weeks ofusing chamomile essential oil, the sleep quality of the experimental group improved. According to statisticalcomparison, t = 2.494, p-value = .022.Conclusion: This study uses of chamomile essential oil showed an improvement in the sleep effect of theexperimental group. To be concluded that chamomile essential oils improved the sleeping quality significantlyas the well-known lavender essential oils. However further study in larger group is recommended.
Stress and Happiness in Life of Students at Rajabhat University in Thailand
Authors: Tipvarin Benjanirat  , Jatuporn Ounprasertsuk  , Pongsak Jaroenngarmsamer  , Phannee Rojanabenjakun  , Sasipen Krutchangthong  , Panupan Sripan  , Sunatcha Chaowai
Published: April 2021

Background: Stress is related to happiness in student life, it is a condition in the body and stimulated torespond from inside and outside the body. The body or mind is out of balance, with each person showingdifferent stress affects the happiness in life in each period of that person.Objective: To examine the relationship between stress and the happiness of Rajabhat University studentsin Thailand.Material & Methods: This research was contextual research by using a cross-sectional survey. The sampleswere students selected the sample group by stratified proportion random simple and not overridden using arandom number table. The sample consisted of 190 students. The research instruments were self-reportedquestionnaires. The statistics used for data analysis were descriptive using inferential statistics to analyzerelationships with static chi-square.Results: The results of the research, most students have a high level of stress and rare happiness in life. Thestudy of the relationship between demographic factors, stress, and happiness in students’ lives found thatlevel education and family income have a relationship to the stress and gender associated with happiness.Stress was associated with happiness at a statistically significant level of 0.05.Conclusion: In this research, there are suggestions to study the cause of stress and ways to stress managementand the factors that contribute to the happiness of students to enable students to continue living in qualityteaching and learning
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Covid-19 Pandemic among Dental Practitioners of India: A Questionnaire-based Survey
Authors: Gunjan Srivastava  , Swagatika Panda  , Subrat K Padhiary  , Neeta Mohanty
Published: April 2021

Background- Owing to high viral load in saliva, dental practitioners are not only susceptible forexposure during Covid-19 outbreak but also post pandemic era. During the period of evolving facts andrecommendations of WHO for maintaining precautions this study is an effort to understand the preparednessof dental practitioners to resume their practice.Objectives- The objective of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of dentalpractitioners regarding the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods- This cross-sectional study was conducted among dental practitioners of India through an onlinequestionnaire-based survey to collect data. The questionnaire was divided into sections containing structuredmultiple-choice questions about the knowledge, attitude and practice of dental practitioners.Result- Upon analyzing 311 responses it has been observed that majority of dental practitioners wereaware of common symptoms of Covid-19 and about the modes of transmission of the disease. They possessadequate knowledge about use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) with 88.4 % suggesting to useit while performing aerosol generating procedure. Their awareness about a Covid-19 patient becomingnoninfectious is inadequate with only 10% reporting 30 days. Attitude and practice of dental practitionersregarding Covid-19 were stratified on the basis of years of practice.Conclusions -Dental practitioners possess adequate knowledge about standard precaution protocol althoughthey are less aware about transmission-based precaution specific to Covid-19 situation. This study attempts tohighlight some facts about Covid-19 which will enlighten the dental practitioners before resuming practice.
Etiologic Factors Influencing the Pattern of Mandibular Fractures – A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sthitaprajna Lenka  , Dharmashree. S  , Pratikshya Kothai  , Santosh Kumar Subudhi  , Subrat Padhiary  , Karishma Rathore
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Fractures involving the face, especially the mandible causes aesthetic disfigurement and hampermasticatory function. Ever changing economic and population trends have caused a shift in the etiologicfactors responsible for mandibular fracture. This study records the epidemiology of the mandibular fracturesin Bhubaneshwar region of Odisha and to appreciate the importance of demographics and contribution ofindividual etiological factors towards such injuries.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted during between September 2013 to March 2017, in thedepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dental Science. Patients admitted in the facilityfor the treatment of mandibular fractures were included in the study. The data was collected from patientrecords.Results: Out of a total of 197 patients, 90% affected were males, with 42.6% aged between 20-29 years. Themost common cause was Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs)with 83% and para-symphysis fractures was seenin 42.7%. Etiology was found to be influenced by gender using Chi-square (p < 0.05) and site of injury wasfound to highly significant with respect to age.Conclusion: Mandibular fractures were found to be associated with younger aged males and road trafficaccidents. This could be prevented with stringent and safer traffic regulations.
Ulcer in the Disguise-A Rare Case Report
Authors: Ipsita Mohanty  , Swagatika Panda  , Neeta Mohanty  , Radhaprasanna Dalai
Published: April 2021

Tuberculosis (Tb) is an infectious disease which usually affects the pulmonary system and sometimes occursin other body organs including the oral cavity. The present article is on a case study of a 25-year femalediagnosed with TB osteomyelitis which presented a non-healing and non-painful ulcer both intra and extraorally. The diagnosis was confirmed based on histopathology. The patient underwent anti-TB therapy andher oral and systemic conditions improved rapidly. Although oral manifestations of tuberculosis are rare,clinicians should include them in the differential diagnosis of various types of oral ulcers. An early diagnosiswith prompt treatment can prevent complications and potential contaminations. Tuberculosis of the oralcavity is rare and have become a forgotten diagnosis of oral lesions. Dental practitioners need to be awarethat TB may occur in the oral cavity and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any ulcerated,indurated non-healing lesion of the oral cavity, especially in lower socioeconomic groups. Besides, effortsshould be made to control oral TB by early detection and referral of the patient to a physician for propermanagement. Clinicians are to be careful about ulcers in disguise.
Oral Pyogenic granuloma: Retrospective Review of 49 Cases in a Tertiary Care Dental Institution of Odisha
Authors: Ipsita Mohanty  , Swagatika Panda  , Neeta Mohanty  , Radhaprasanna Dalai  , Sreepriti Champatyray  , Priyanka Sukla
Published: April 2021

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) also known as “Lobular capillary hemangioma,” appears as an overgrowth oftissue due to irritation, physical trauma, or hormonal changes in the oral cavity. this present study is on aseries of cases comprising of 49 cases of pyogenic granuloma is the first of its kind reported from EasternIndia. Even though patients usually do not report the hospital for pyogenic granuloma unless the lesionis large and incapacitating, such number in four years is not very less. Therefore it may be deduced thatpyogenic granuloma is not rare in this part of India.
Inspecting the Cause Thereby Managing Implant Failure in Dentistry
Authors: Kajal Kiran Sahoo  , Sudipta Sahu  , Debashruti Naik  , Nikita Sahu
Published: April 2021

Dental implants are becoming the most popular mode of treatment nowadays, both partially and fullyedentulous patients. Although several meta-analyses show 93% survival rates of dental implants, failures indental implants are also seen. This review article aims to identify the failing implants at its earliest, makingawareness among the dentists to identify the causes of the failure and thereafter the treatment modalities tomanage such cases.
Ocular Prosthesis Fabrication with Visible Light-Cured Resin Custom Tray: A Case Report
Authors: Upasana Panda  , Mirna Garhnayak  , Abhilash Mohapatra  , Bodhisatta Mukherjee  , Saroj Nehra  , Gaurav Pal Singh
Published: April 2021

A well fitting custom ocular prosthesis warrants an accurate impression of the anopthalmic socket. Problemarises when neither the stock ocular tray nor conformer is available or ill fitting in nature. This case reportelaborates the fabrication of an ocular prosthesis with emphasis on chair side method of custom ocular trayfabrication. Visible light cured resin denture base material has been used for preparation of ocular tray. Thismethod is simple, quick and precise.
Ridge Split Techniques: A Literature Review
Authors: Mohit Das  , Abhaya Chandra Das  , Sourav Panda  , Rashmita Nayak  , Rinkee Mohanty  , Anurag Satpathy
Published: April 2021

Extraction of teeth leads to loss of alveolar bone in several patterns. The bone loss can occur in a horizontalor vertical direction or a combination of both. Horizontal ridge width deficiency possesses a challenge for theclinician to obtain primary stability during loading and there is risk of fracture of bone segment. Thereforedifferent techniques have been described to gain the ridge width. One of the techniques used is ridge splittechnique which was first described by Simion et al in 1992. It is a technique of bone manipulation in sucha way that it becomes a site for implant placement without removing any bone. Various types of techniqueslike 3 staged approach, one staged approach etc are described for various sites and situation that help inobtaining an adequate width for loading. This article specifically deals with the different types of ridge splittechniques and its description in a simplified manner.
Rehabilitating an Ocular Defect with a Custom Made Ocular Prosthesis: A Clinical Report
Authors: Sreeprada Dash  , Gunjan Srivastava  , Gopal Krishna Choudhury
Published: April 2021

An ocular prosthesis is a replacement of the ocular part of the eye in patients due to trauma, benign ormalignant lesion or congenital anomaly, there is the loss of the eye. Prosthetic rehabilitation with a customizedocular prosthesis that is proportioned and similar in appearance to that of the contralateral natural eye isneeded. This maintains the volume of the orbital socket and also helps create an illusion of the presence ofa healthy eye. It provides the individual confidence to adapt to a normal lifestyle and prevent them fromgoing into psychological distress. Various techniques have been advocated for the fabrication of the ocularprosthesis comprising the use of the stock prosthesis, custom made prosthesis and micro-implants for therehabilitation of the ocular part of the eye. A cosmetically approvable and pleasing ocular prosthesis arethose which reproduces the colour, appearance and orientation of the iris to that of the contralateral naturaleye. This clinical report describes a simple, economical and time-saving method for the fabrication of thecustomised ocular prosthesis in a patient with the ocular defect.
In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of the Different Concentrations of Chitosan against Staphylococcus epidermidis in Disinfection of the Root Canal System
Authors: Manali Nath  , Shashirekha Govind  , Amit Jena  , Satabdi Pattanaik
Published: April 2021

During endodontic procedures, along with mechanical instrumentation, irrigants are imperative for pathogeneradication. As the strains of pathogens are becoming antibiotic resistant at a constant ascending pace andalso the potentially harmful effect is associated with synthetic drugs, so studies on natural alternatives forirrigation are being done. Chitosan, a natural alternative, has been evaluated as an antimicrobial medicine.Recently, in cases presenting with persistent infections after endodontic treatment, it was noted that of all themicrobial species identified, the prevalence of s.epidermidis was the most. In this current study, an analysisof the antimicrobial effectiveness of chitosan as a potent root canal irrigant, for disinfecting the root canalwas conducted. Methodology: By the serial dilution method, the minimum inhibitory concentration wasdetermined. Dilution of the test solution was done using 10% DMSO solution. After which, incubationin a rotary incubator, at 180 rotations per minute, the temperature of 37?, for 24 hours was done. Forobtaining the zones of inhibition of different concentration (0.2%, 0.5%, 0.75, 1%) of chitosan irrigant, theagar diffusion method was applied and the resultant clear zone was measured with a ruler. Result: Chitosan(liquid) had promising antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, with a 16 mm zone ofinhibition at 100 µg/ml. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, it was observed that, evenat lower concentrations, chitosan (liquid form) effectively hindered the further growth of S.epidermidis.
Role of PRGF (Plasma Rich in Growth Factors) in Periodontal Regeneration
Authors: Mohit Das  , Abhaya Chandra Das  , Sourav Panda  , Manoj Kumar  , Rinkee Mohanty  , Gatha Mohanty
Published: April 2021

Platelet-rich-growth-factors (PRGF), a modification of fibrin glue made from autologous blood, is beingused to deliver growth factors in high concentration to sites requiring osseous grafting. Growth factorsreleased from the platelets include platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF), transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-ß), platelet-derived epidermal growth factor (PDGF), platelet-derived angiogenesis factor, insulin-likegrowth factor 1(IGF1), and platelet factor 4. These factors signal the local mesenchymal and epithelial cellsto migrate, divide, and increase collagen and matrix synthesis. Anitua et al in 2001 introduced the concept ofPRGF and since then it has been used for a variety of purposes in the field of dentistry and oral implantologyfor proper wound healing and regeneration of periodontal tissues. This review aims to give a brief ideaabout the various uses of PRGF and the possibility of utilization in the future taking into consideration manystudies that have been done. The main advantage of using PRGF is that it lacks the leukocyte content thuspreventing damage to the tissues during healing due to the acid hydrolases and proteases released from theneutrophils. It has been previously used for treating intrabony defects, to increase the implant-bone contactarea, for recession coverage etc. In other fields of medicine, it has been used to cure osteoarthritis, to treatchronic ulcers as well. Therefore, PRGF is a very effective blood concentrate with a high concentration ofgrowth factors and its use should be increased in the clinical practice.
Biosensors Used in Dentistry: A Review
Authors: Nitish Kanta Mishra  , Ramesh Nagarajappa  , Debasruti Naik
Published: April 2021

A bio-sensor is composed of six elements which include bio-receptor, transfusion element, chemically activeinterface, signal amplifier, signal processor and display. The analyze binds to the immobilized biologicalmaterial and forms a product. The product linked change is then converted by the transducer into electricsignals which can be amplified and measured. Oral fluid bio-sensors have the advantages of easy accessibilityand noninvasive sample collection, making them a novel method in disease diagnostics. However, itslimitations such as less sensitivity and specificity are overcome by the advent of new technologies such asmicrofluidics and nanofluidics. This review article discusses the concepts and applications of biosensors inthe field of dentistry.
Biomimetic Materials in Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics – A Review
Authors: Monika Mohanty  , Shashirekha Govind  , Rini Behera
Published: April 2021

In 1950, while researching the nerves in a squid, Otto Schmitt coined the word “Biomimetics” It meansimitating life, literally. To seek to mimic or reproduce it artificially to preserve the same esthetics or work is thestudy of natural structural processes. Since tooth structure has no natural means for restoration, biomimeticmethods can be implied to restore the teeth mechanically to its normal function and esthetics. There are twothings of biomimetic dentistry. First, the damaged or absent dental tissue is replaced, leading to completerestoration to the tooth of function and aesthetics. And the substance used will regenerate the damaged dentaltissue, replicate and imitate it. The bio-compliant and Physico-chemical products of biomimetic materialhave the benefits of improved biocompatibility, sealing ability, high strength, antibacterial properties andare used to preserve long term esthetic and restoring techniques. Recent biomimetic technologies haveestablished the potential to transcend various considerable drawbacks of technologies of a previous age. Thisstudy would seek to provide a clearer explanation for biomimetic materials ‘relative role in the sense of pastand current dental materials.
Dental Caries Vaccines –An Emerging Viable Treatment for Modern Dentists
Authors: Sudipta Sahu  , Kajal Kiran Sahoo  , Debashruti Naik  , Sharmistha Mohanty
Published: April 2021

Dental caries is an irreversible microbial disease of the calcified tissues of the teeth. It is a bacterial driven,generally chronic, site-specific, the multifunctional dynamic disease process that results when the PH dropresults in net mineral loss over time. It is one of the most prevalent diseases affecting mankind. Cariogenicbacteria enter the dental biofilm early in life and subsequently invade the host tissue during favourableenvironment condition, to cause the disease. Many studies and researches show that this disease processcan be interrupted. This article will give a clear idea of the method by which the host defence system can bearoused to combat dental caries caused by the crucial antigen related to Streptococcus mutans. Analyzingthe fact that more effective public dental health care measures are needed to combat this dental caries, thisarticle critically evaluates the recent signs of progress in the development of mucosal adjuvants, deliverysystems for the dental vaccine, and also limitations of caries immunization.
Platelet Rich Fibrin( PRF )-A Novel Generation of Regeneration in Endodontics: A Review
Authors: Manali Nath  , Shashirekha Govind  , Siba Prasad Jena
Published: April 2021

In the field of regenerative medicine, PRP/PRF whichwas will be is used as a surgical adjuvant becamethe new glorified approach. For the Regenerative endodontic treatment based on the tissue engineeringconcept, creating a favourable environment free of pathogens, for preservation and migration of stem cells,pathogen eradication, stem cell preservation, presence of scaffold facilitating spatial orientation and signalmolecules released by cells is of utmost importance. In tooth revascularisation and revitalization, successfulapplication of platelet concentrates as scaffolds have been reported. Being autologous, comprising of highgrowth factor concentrates and relatively hassle-free preparation in dental setup, platelet concentrates arepreferred. The advancement in the regenerative endodontics field, with the introduction of the differentgeneration of platelet concentrates, is a breakthrough.
Recent Advances of Endodontic Retherapy- A Review
Authors: Pratyaee Basu  , Sumit Dash  , Siba Prasad Jena  , Shashirekha Govind
Published: April 2021

Endodontic plays a major role in uplifting the quality of oral health. Retherapy offers the patient a subsequentprospect to save a tooth that would otherwise be certain for extraction. The prime objective of retherapy isto gain entry to the apical foramen by absolute confiscation of the root canal packing substance thus easingsufficient disinfecting and shaping of the absolute root canal system and terminal obturation. It can beconcluded that with the emergence of modern instruments and techniques it is bygone just to extract teethsolely due to periapical disease and endodontic failures. Advances in scientific proficiency and technicalability have assisted us to improve the prognosis of treatment, but it does not always end up in the desiredhealing response while doing clinical practice
Frenectomy with Lateral Pedicle Flap: A Novel Surgical Approach for Maintaining The width of Attached Gingiva: A Case Report
Authors: Naina Pattnaik  , Ruchi Arora  , Rinkee Mohanty  , Anurag Satpathy  , Bikash Nayak
Published: April 2021

The aberrant frenum is usually managed by a common periodontal plastic surgical procedure called frenectomyto create a zone of attached gingiva. This surgical approach may often lead to loss of interdental papillacreating unacceptable esthetic results in the maxillary incisor region. Thus this case reported frenectomycombined with a laterally positioned flap which was a better approach to achieve primary closure. Andthe lateral pedicle sutured in midline provided better and faster healing with excellent esthetic results. Theesthetic results were far more superior then the classical frenectomy technique with a considerable gain inattached gingiva.
Dentist as an Expert Witness under Section. 45 of Indian Evidence Act 1872
Authors: S.Rajkumari  , R.Mensudar  , B.Thayumanavan
Published: April 2021

Dentists of different specialties are sought for their expert testimony in person identification, injury relatedto oral and dental structures. Person identification may include live or dead, injured or healthy, skeletonized,or mummified. Dentists also opine in crime scene investigation, mass disaster victim identification, andprofessional negligence or injury. The dental surgeon evaluates the available dental evidence and drafts areport to testify in a deposition as a professional opinion in the medico-legal cases. This article discusses thedemeanor of the dental surgeon as an expert in the court of law.
Suitability Tests for Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Sensitivity Tests using Microscan Walkaway on Vitek 2
Authors: Ria Pingkan Ganda  , Aryati  , Sidarti Soehita
Published: April 2021

Culture or bacterial culture is the gold standard for diagnostic examination to detect the presence ofmicroorganisms in the patient’s body. The development of culture technology and culture-based automaticdevices for diagnostic examination are widely researched. At present, there are several types of automaticblood culture instruments in Indonesia, namely Vitek 2 and Microscan Walkaway. This research aims toanalyze the suitability of bacterial identification and test antibiotic sensitivity of Microscan Walkaway devicefrom Beckman Coulter and Vitek 2 device from Biomerieux as a gold standard. The research conductedwas an observational cross-sectional study. Sampling was done consecutively. The study sample consistedof 202 samples obtained from the results of positive isolates, during January-July 2019 at Dr. Soetomohospital. Positive isolates were examined for bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivity using Vitek2 and Microscan Walkaway. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS. Examination of bacterialidentification using the Microscan device showed 34.2% of Gram-positive bacteria and 65.8% of Gramnegative bacteria, whereas with Vitek 2, results showed 34.7% of Gram-positive bacteria and 65.3% ofGram-negative bacteria. Both of these instruments showed identification accuracy of 98.56% for Grampositive bacteria and 100% for Gram negative bacteria with Kappa value: 0.814 and p <0.0001. The resultsof the accuracy test for antibiotic sensitivity of multidrug resistance bacteria showed compatibility with pvalue <0,0001. There is very good agreement between Vitek 2 and Microscan Walkaway in the identificationof bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity.
Publication Ethics: Awareness Knowledge among Medical Faculties
Authors: Ashutosh Baliram Potdar  , Vinay Manjunath Raj  , Pratap Singh Rathod  , Pallavi Ashutosh Potdar
Published: April 2021

Publication ethics is related with ethical aspects of publication of scientific data to ensure high qualityscientific publication in the current era of evidence-based medicine. Violation of publication ethics alsoknown as scientific misconduct may be committed by researchers knowingly and unknowingly due to variousreasons. Present study inducted 130 medical faculties from a medical college providing self-administeredquestionnaire regarding awareness about publication ethics using Google forms. Among those 94 facultiesresponded and 75% of the faculties were in favor of gift authorship and did not perceive it as a misconduct.83% of the faculties were aware that violation of publication ethics would affect career of all the involvedauthors. Almost 56% believed that falsification or fabrication of data is acceptable and 58% faculties felt itacceptable to split the results of a study and publish it separately. Considering the lack of awareness amongmedical faculties scientific misconduct, it is recommended that a formal educational session of publicationethics is necessary
Considering Role of Probiotic on Respiratory Disease: Is Probiotic Possible to Treat COVID-19?
Authors: Eighty Mardiyan Kurniawati  , Nur Anisah Rahmawati  , Anna SurgeanVeterini
Published: April 2021

Background: COVID-19 is a new variant of the corona virus known as a pandemic disease. The numberof cases has increased every day around the world. Unfortunately, treatment in management has not beensatisfactory.Purpose: This study aims to examine the role of probiotics in respiratory disease and the possibility ofmanaging COVID-19 through an analysis of its function.Method: This study is a review. Quality journals until 2020 were searched in the Pubmed database forthe keywords ‘respiratory’ or ‘asthma’ or ‘pneumonia’ or ‘lung’ or ‘influenza’ and ‘COVID-19’. Compileddata includesthe author, type of study, type of probiotic, duration of intervention, target population, results,conclusion and side effects that occurredResults: We analyzed 9 experimental studies. Some studies related to respiratory disorders used theLactobacillus Sp as probiotic. One research used Fructooligosacharide as additional ingredient. The researchuse different doses and timing of interventions 14 days - 6 months. The diseases covered in this reportare asthma, pneumonia, and influenza. Probiotics can reduce symptomps, duration in hospitality risk, andquality of life.Conclusion: The ability of probiotics in the management of respiratory diseases provides hope for themanagement of COVID-19, of course, it is balanced with further research that is able to analyze cleardosages, types and roles.
The Mediating Effect of Wisdom in the Relationship between Self-leadership and Quality of Service of Caregivers caring for Patients with Impaired Mobility and Elderly with Dementia
Authors: Hee Kyung Kim
Published: April 2021

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effect of wisdom in therelationship between self-leadership and quality of service in caregivers who provide nursing services topatients and elderly.Methods/Statistical analysis: The subjects of this study were 96 caregivers from January to February2021. Data analysis is performed using SPSS Win 25.0 program, and were analyzed by correlation betweenvariables by Pearson correlational coefficients, and factors affecting service quality and mediating effects bymultiple linear regression and Sobel test.Findings: As a result of regression analysis to test the mediating effect of wisdom, in step 1, self-leadershiphad a significant effect on wisdom (?=.73, p<.001), in step 2, self-leadership affected the quality of service(?=.59, p<.001), in step 3, self-leadership had a positive effect on the quality of service (?=.26, p=.022), andwisdom also had a positive effect on the quality of service (?=.46, p<.001) and showed 44.9% explanatorypower. It was found that wisdom has a partial mediating effect.Improvements/ Applications: Education and training are needed to increase self-leadership and wisdomin caregivers in charge of visiting care. In particular, caregivers need to make efforts to acquire wisdom intheir daily lives.
Systemic Effects of Occlusal Disharmony on Corticosterone Serum Levels in Rattus Norvegicus
Authors: Suhartini  , Endang Joewarini  , Ida Bagus Narmada
Published: April 2021

Background: Mastication process occurs over time and it can lead to occlusal reduction of the teeth. Thiscauses reducing occlusal contact of teeth and it will lead to disharmony occlusion disorders. The occlusiondisharmony is recognized by the body as a stressor that systemically affects the homeostasis in the body,especially the production of hormones.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the systemic effect of occlusal disharmony on corticosteroneserum levels in Rattus norvegicus.Method: The research method of this study used experimental design and conducted among 7 male RattusNorvegicus in each groups. In intervention group, an occlusal reduction was ± 1 mm in all molars andfor control group did not given any intervention. Moreover, at 1st day, 7th day, 14th day and 21st day wastaken 2 cc of blood via infraorbital vein. The measurement of Corticosterone levels used Enzyme LinkedImmunosorbent Assay (ELISA).Result: Anova test results showed that corticosterone levels was significant difference between each groups(p <0.05). Tukey HSD test showed there was a significant difference between intervention group and controlgroup on 1st day, in intervention group on 7th day (p <0.05).Conclusion. The results of this study showed that there were differences of corticosterone serum levelsamong mice who experienced occlusion disharmony so it concluded that the dental occlusion disharmonyhad a systemic impact to corticosterone serum levels in Rattus norvegicus
Study of TP53 Gene-Codon 72 Polymorphism in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC)
Authors: Khalid A. Hadi  , Ali R Mulakhudair
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The tumor-suppressor gene (TP53) encodes p53 protein, the vital protein in the apoptoticcascade pathway which has been presented to be of crucial potential in the progression of cancers. Geneticvariation SNP that were revealed to affect the regulatory biochemical functions of p53 are the exon 4 codon72, (G)Arg/(C)pro polymorphisms. Aim: the present study aims to analyses genetic variation (SNP) of Tp53gene, codon 72 and p53 protein level in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). Methods: the study achieved on 26EOC cell line specimens and 26 specimens as control group, using PCR-RFLP genetic analysis method andcell lysate p53 level determined by ELISA technique. Results: the percentage of allele polymorphism comeas homologous GG variant 85% and 23% in EOC specimens and control respectively and (CC) (8% and46%) in EOC case and the control in order. Heterologous pattern CG was (34% and 23%) for experimentaland control group respectively.Conclusion: our study proposes that 72 codon polymorphism (GG) is closely related to EOC progressions.