bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENCIAL ECOTURÍSTICO DO MUNICÍPIO DE PUXINANÃ, PARAÍBA, BRASIL
Authors: Maracajá Vívian Patrícia Borba Borges , Simões Gisélia Fernandes Mariz , Diniz Filho Edimar Teixeira , Silva Paulo Segundo e , Oliveira Alan Martins de
Published: October 2021

Dentre as várias atividades atualmente desenvolvidas apresentando uma das melhores lucratividades e com uma maior distribuição e participação nas rendas, é sem sombra de duvidas o turismo, onde possibilita sua expansão nos mais diversos tipos de empreendimento. O turismo é o setor da economia com maior potencial de crescimento tendo seu reflexo em qualquer parte do mundo, especialmente pela facilidade de transportes, a propaganda e em especial a tendência do ser humano em conhecer a culturas, paisagens e seu presente e passado com progresso da humanidade. Os recursos naturais de uma Região possibilitam ao visitante nativo, uma reação que envolve o relembrar do passado e para o exótico, reflete o conhecer coisas novas e até descobrir e refletir sobre vários aspectos, culturais, religiosos e a biodiversidade do entorno visitado. O município de Puxinanã está localizado na região agreste do Estado da Paraíba, oferecendo uma paisagem bem característica com a presença de uma vegetação característica de agricultura familiar formada por minifúndios acompanhada por elementos da pré-história até os tempos atuais. Nesta perspectiva é que este trabalho propõe um estudo do potencial destes recursos para um ecoturismo, dentro dos princípios de sustentabilidade para o município de Puxinanã. Tornouse como sujeito da pesquisa trinta e cinco pessoas residentes do município estudado. Estas pessoas apresentam diferentes graus de interação com o local. Finalmente se conclui que: O município de Puxinanã possui um bom potencial turístico em suas áreas naturais, existindo vários atrativos no município viabilizando o ecoturismo, tendo nas festas juninas a principal atração folclórica.
EFEITO DE DIFERENTES TEORES DE ESTERCO BOVINO E NÍVEIS DE SALINIDADE NO CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DA MAMONEIRA (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: Oliveira Mychelle Karla Teixeira , Oliveira Francisco de Assis de , Medeiros José Francismar de , Lima Carlos José Gonçalves de Souza , Guimarães Isaias Porfírio
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da irrigação com água de diferentes salinidade e diferentes teores de esterco bovino no crescimento inicial da mamoneira. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal Rural do Semi–Árido, Mossoró – RN, em blocos casualizados num esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com três repetições e uma planta/vaso por parcela. Foram utilizados quatro níveis de salinidade (S1=0,5; S2=2,0; S3=4,0 e S4=6,0), em dS m-1, ajustados em água proveniente de poço profundo, através da adição de NaCl na água de irrigação, com quatro teores de esterco bovino no substrato (E1=0; E2=3:1; E3=2:1; e E4=1:1). As variáveis avaliadas foram: número de folhas (NF), área foliar (AF), diâmetro do caule (DC), altura (ALT), fitomassa seca da raiz (FSR) e fitomassa seca da parte aérea (FSPA) aos 64 dias após semeadura (DAS). Todas as variáveis foram afetadas pelos fatores estudados, sendo o efeito isolado dos níveis salinos e dos teores de esterco, sem, entretanto haver variação significativa na interação (SxE). Os resultados demostraram que o crescimento da mamoneira foi afetado negativamente pela salinidade da água acima de 4dS m -1 e positivamnte pelos teores de esterco bovino.
the Mental Conditions as Criterions of Athlete’s Hindrance Resistance
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tkacheva M. S.
Published: October 2021

The article summarizes inform from scientific literature about athletes’ mental conditions as indexes of their hindrance resistance. The different points of view about concept of hindrance resistance in sport are compared, internal and external criterions it’s diagnostics are provided. We analyse methods of appreciation hindrance resistance’s level with indexes of athlete’s mental conditions.
Features of Professional Intentions of Educational Psychologists at the Initial stage of University studies
Authors:   Saratov State University, Shamionov A. D.
Published: October 2021

The article reveals the psychological content of professional intentions of educational psychologists at the initial stage of university studies, determined by semantic groups and characteristics. Reveals the content of students’ representations of educational psychologists about future work. Сharacterized by their professional preferences and interests.
Serum Galectin-3 in Women With Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia and Its Association With Preterm Birth
Authors: Gencheva Dolina , Nikolov Fedya , Uchikova Ekaterina , Mihaylov Rosen , Pencheva Blagovesta , Yamakova-Vladova Gita
Published: October 2021

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are one of the leading causes of fetal and maternal mortality worldwide. Aside from the immediate risk they pose for the pregnant woman, there is significant evidence that women after such a pregnancy have a long-term risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, Galectin-3 is a biomarker that has proven its role in cardiac remodeling, fibrosis, and heart failure. To determine the levels of Galectin-3 in women with gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and in healthy pregnant women and test for association with premature birth. A prospective single-center clinical, epidemiological study was performed, and data were analyzed for 123 pregnant women-36 with gestational hypertension, 37 with preeclampsia, and 50 controls. ELISA method was used to determine the serum levels of Galectin-3. Mean Galectin-3 level was 6,53 ng/ml in the controls, 7.30 ng/ml in the gestational hypertension group, and 7,59 ng/ml in the preeclampsia group. There was a significant difference in the levels between the controls and each of the pathological groups (P<0,05), while the two pathological groups were not statistically different from each other. Additionally, higher Galectin-3 levels were associated with an OR~2.5 for even preterm birth after adjustment for the presence of the two hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia were associated with significantly higher levels of Galectin-3, which could be indicative of cardiovascular dysfunction in those women, and were also related to premature birth.
Adherence and Related Factors in Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Borzouei Shiva , Eslahchi Mohammad , Esna-Ashari Farzaneh , Pirdehghan Azar
Published: October 2021

Gestational diabetes is a metabolic disease that can have multiple maternal and fetal complications. Therapeutic adherence can help controlling blood sugar and reducing its complications. This study investigates the medication adherence among pregnant women and the effective factors on it. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 104 pregnant women with gestational diabetes who were referred to the endocrinology clinic of Shahid Beheshti hospital in Hamadan, Iran, in 2018. Input criteria were those over 18 years of age, and output criteria included heart, kidney, and thyroid disorders. Medication adherence was evaluated using Morisky's 6-question questionnaire (MMAS-6). Analyzes were conducted using SPSS version 21 at the significance level of less than 0.05. Based on the results, 77.9% of the women lived in the city, 65.4% had a college education, and 73.1% were housewives. 58.7% of them had good medication adherence. There was a significant relationship between adherence and glycemic control. Address and level of education had a significant relationship with medication adherence. People with higher levels of health literacy had significantly higher medication adherence. Low education level, rural residence, and low health literacy level are determinants of poor medication adherence in pregnant women with gestational diabetes, which indicates the need for more training for these people.
Frequency and Severity of Second Molar External Root Resorption Due to the Adjacent Third Molar and Related Factors: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Sakhdari Shirin , Farahani Sara , Asnaashari Ehsan , Marjani Sahel
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study sought to assess the frequency and severity of second molar external root resorption (ERR) due to the adjacent third molar and its correlation with the position of third molar and other related factors using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 320 second molars and their adjacent impacted third molars on CBCT scans of patients over 16 years, retrieved from the archives of Azad University Radiology Department. Presence/absence of second molar ERR, its location and severity (if present), and position of adjacent third molar were determined on CBCT scans, and recorded in a checklist. Data were analyzed using a logistic regression model.
Results: The frequency of second molar ERR was 33.4% in the mandible and 14% in the maxilla. The severity of ERR was significantly correlated with the involved jaw (P=0.001) but had no correlation with age, gender, or depth of impaction of adjacent third molar (P>0.05). The mesioangular and horizontal positions of impacted third molars had a significant correlation with the frequency of second molar ERR (P<0.006).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, ERR occurring in second molars adjacent to third molars is common, especially in the mandible. Mesially inclined third molars have a greater potential of being associated with ERR in second molars.
Retention of Cast Posts Cemented with Two Commonly Used Conventional and Two Resin Cements and the Mode of Root Fracture Following Their Removal
Authors: Hesarkhani Azadeh , Fotovat Farnoush , Saneian Fatemeh , Akbari Hosein , Allahbakhshi Hanif
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the retention of cast posts cemented with four types of cements and assess the mode of root fracture following their removal.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 48 upper central incisors were randomly divided into 4 groups of 12, and were endodontically treated. The fabricated cast posts in each group were cemented with zinc phosphate (Masterdent), glass ionomer (GI; Meron), Meta resin cement, and Panavia SA resin cement. A device was customized for post removal by a universal testing machine similar to WAM X pliers. The retention of cemented posts was measured by the pull-out test in a universal testing machine. Next, the teeth were macroscopically and microscopically inspected regarding the occurrence and sites of catastrophic fracture, cracks, or craze lines. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed by ANOVA, and Chi-square test, respectively (P<0.05).
Results: ANOVA showed a significant difference in the mean retention of cements (P<0.001). Panavia provided the highest retention (278.6±34.9 N) followed by zinc phosphate (221.9±28.88 N), GI (161.3±60.7 N), and Meta (140.4±66.54 N). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the pattern of root fracture (P=0.39). However, site and extent of fractures were significantly different among the groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The conventional cements provided optimal retention and caused less root damage after post removal. Thus, cements providing adequate retention and allowing easier post removal are recommended for use in endodontically treated teeth with a possibility of requiring retreatment.
Gender Equality Capacity of Administrative Council Members in a State University and Local Universities And Colleges
Authors: M. Rodriguez Maria Teresa , S. Tan Consorcia , Buenvinida Lerma P. , P. Lapie Lustina
Published: October 2021

The study determines the academic leadership capabilities, administrative creativity and gender equality capacities of administrative council members of a state university and local colleges in the province of Laguna, Philippines. The respondents were members of the university/college administrative council. In terms of administrative functions, many are chairpersons or coordinators while some are in the higher position like campus directors and vice-presidents. Findings reveal
that there is a positive and significant relationship between the following subscales of academic leadership and gender equality capacity: cognitive capability and programmes, change - oriented capability and programmes, skills and processes; role-specific and programmes and operations Further, it was observed that leadership performance is positively and highly significantly related to all subscales of gender equality capacity. Meanwhile, there is a highly significant relationship between respondent’s administrative creativity and gender equality in terms of skills and processes. This implies that the more creative the administrative council members, the more confident in their gender equality capacity in terms of skills and processes. Majority of the respondents   experienced training or orientation on gender issue   and have taken gender related courses in the last two years. However, most of them are not satisfied with the training. Hence it is recommended that the local colleges and university need to conduct seminars and trainings to enhance the awareness of the officials and other constituents on gender sensitivity.
FMCG Sector Response to Covid-19: Impact on Supply Chain and Logistics
Authors: Sharma Anup , Sharma Anmol , Varun  , Andrews Dhanya , Roby Rosmin
Published: October 2021

Covid-19 pandemic affected multiple disciplines. Almost all industries suffered owing to economic stress and Government regulations. Handling and transportation of goods became more challenging. FMCG sector was significantly affected by the pandemic and organizations adopted multiple strategies to keep themselves afloat. Multiple trade-offs were considered by organizations including partial closure, limited operational hours, and restructuring of the supply chain. Multiple reports across different industries were studied and supplemented with indepth interviews from the industry experts. The study revealed the use of innovative ways to reach customers. Organizations tried adopting lean practices in-order to support stressed-out logistics handlers
Readiness to Administer First Aid to Casualties of Fire Disasters in Secondary Schools in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
Authors: Jeremiah Kileo Emmanuel , Koda Gadi , E. Okendo Ogoti
Published: October 2021

This study was conducted to determine how secondary schools in Kilimanjaro region were prepared to administer first aid to casualties of fire disasters. This study was guided by the Protection Motivation Theory (1975) and employed a convergent research design under mixed methods research approach. The study sample was obtained through stratification. The study revealed among other things, that most schools had first aid kits facilities, offered guidance and counselling services and respondents were confident enough to administer first aid. The study concluded that secondary schools had to a great extent prepared to administer first aid to casualties of fire disasters, if such menaces occurred in schools. The study recommended inter alia, for more training on first aid in secondary schools.
Blended Learning: Issues Related to Successful Implementation
Authors: Masadeh Dr. Thouqan  Saleem Yakoub
Published: October 2021

This study explores the underlying theoretical principles that provide the basis for the design and implementation of blended learning classes. It discusses how online meetings and face-to-face sessions can be integrated in today's classrooms. Many studies and experiences have been reviewed in accordance with the preparation, implementation and evaluation of blended Learning classes. A summary of collected knowledge shows that blended learning has been favorable in today's educational environment. Most studies show that once infrastructure and technological tools are provided, many problems such as crowded classrooms and students' motivation toward learning will be settled via the utilization of Blended Learning. Moreover, the positive and comfortable Blended Learning environments will change the attitudes of students and teachers toward learning and teaching as time and place of lessons will not be a difficulty for both. However, achieving the benefits of Blended Learning models will not yield their fruits unless reviewing matters of training, planning and legislation are done.
Teaching the Environmental Science Education in the 21st-Century
Authors: Bacolod Donnalyn
Published: October 2021

The school should reflect the real world. It should serve as the training ground for students to prepare in the actual workplace. The context in which courses are taught and learned has changed tremendously throughout the years. The advent of technology, the innovations in teaching, the demands of society, and the past and emerging environmental issues contributed to these changes. Environmental science is commonly an underestimated course as compared to others despite its critical role in environmental sustainability, community, and solving climate change-related problems. Students show less appreciation of its importance and difficulty in learning and applying its concepts to reality. The way that Environmental science courses should be more like the reality. As such, a new paradigm is needed to address these things to prepare students once they have embarked in their actual workplace.  A meaningful learning that is non-fragmented, dynamic, adaptive, technology-supported, flexible, future work-ready, and enhances critical thinking is imperative. Though there are already existing multiple frameworks in teaching environmental science, a new framework that offers students an opportunity to build and empower students’ learning ability through effective syntax is crucial in today’s era.
Customer satisfaction in Luxury Hotels in Hong Kong: Investigate the role of service quality
Authors: Wong Anthony Tik Tsuen
Published: October 2021

Hong Kong is a tourist hub with a famous name tag “Asia’s World City”. Hong Kong attracts variety of consumers from all around the world and the tourism industry needs the research the factors that are affecting customer satisfaction in Hong Kong luxury hotel industry. This study proposed a SEM to find out the relationship among perceived quality, service quality, tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy that affecting customer satisfaction in Hong Kong luxury hotels. The research framework of this study consist of three constructs including perceived quality, service quality, and customer satisfaction. Seven hypotheses are proposed to study and four hypotheses are accepted. Three hypotheses are rejected and to have no significant relationship with customer satisfaction in this study. At last, the relationship among seven hypotheses effects on customer satisfaction are discussed and suggestions for unsupported hypotheses in context of enhancing customer satisfaction in Hong Kong luxury hotels are discussed as well.
Aesthetic visions of mural painting in international airports (A Proposal of experience for the researcher at the Yemeni airports)
Authors: Mohammed Maqbool Hayat , Elmasry Nermen , Mohamed Nour Zeinab
Published: October 2021

Purpose: This work is a trial study for International Airports esthetics developments. The work was introduced to explore the disparity and activities of that airports as well as its benefit to tourism growth internationally. All that in order to give a clear understanding and appreciation of the importance of mural and artistic works in the architecture of international airports, all of which are beneficial to the aesthetic, visual, technical and psychological benefits of travelers and visitors, as well as the benefits to tourism and culture of the country in which there are airports.

Materials and methods: The practical experience of the researcher is based on three main axes, through which it deals with some aspects of the Yemeni environment to be applied within some of the wall works in Yemen airports.  All murals are decorated with glass mosaic materials and ceramics on large wooden panels. The 1st axis: murals inspired by the ancient heritage of Yemeni architecture. The 2nd axis: Murals inspired by the picturesque Yemeni nature. The 3rd axis: murals inspired by the social and psychological state of the Yemeni human being.

Conclusion:  Many Yemeni institutions' buildings are decorated with murals, paintings, and other subjects related to that region or community. We note that the government of Yemen has taken care of this type of architecture, such as the art of murals.

Recommendations: The mural art works are not suitable for placing in international airport halls except with basic points that are supposed to be taken into account in the mural work to be placed inside airports, where it is recommended to take into account the three main axes: the environment, the design, and the materials in which these murals were completed.

Keywords: mural, airports, Yemeni airports, esthetics.
Marketing African Leafy Vegetables: Challenges and Opportunities in the Kenyan Context
Authors: Shiundu Kennedy M. , Oniang’o Ruth. K. ,   Executive Director, Rural Outreach Program
Published: October 2021

Activities to scale up production and consumption of African leafy vegetables have increased greatly in the recent past. What are the emerging issues in relationship to commercialization of these vegetables, given their previous unexploited state? The market share of ALVs vis -à-vis other vegetable species, particularly kales, cabbages and spinach, has been on the upward trend, in the urban markets and increased consumption in rural areas too. How has this influenced the various players in the ALVs sector for example farmers, traders and consumers? Issues of quality control, reliability and pricing remain critical to the future success of ALVs farming. The fact that ALVs are fast becoming the vegetable of choice, especially in the hitherto, non -consuming segments of t he society including the upper and middle class households, and generally among the elite in Kenya is a situation that requires serious assessment and action plan. The paradigm shift in the consumption patterns of ALVs has implications on the continued availability of the vegetables to the lower -end of the market consumers -the poor. Therefore, the reality that their income and nutritional resources could be exploited to their disadvantage is very much a possibility. What should be the policy and research considerations in the unfolding scenario? Women have been closely associated with cultivation and selling of ALVs; however ,studies have shown that whenever a crop begins to appreciate in the market and starts fetching higher income, men tend to push their w ay into the trade. Similarly, higher income prospects in any trade create competition and sooner or later non -competitive segments of the market fall by the way side in due course, and in our case these would be small -scale farmers and traders. These issue s are fundamental and need focusing as ALVs enter a new phase of production and consumption regimes. More efforts are needed to cushion the vulnerable groups ,who have previously dominated the ALVs market ,against the emerging big and medium commercial players. Otherwise, exploitation and loss of livelihoods among the vulnerable groups will be inevitable.
Impact of selected Rural Development Programmes on Poverty Alleviation in Ikwuano LGA, Abia State, Nigeria
Authors:   Michael Okpara University of  Agriculture, Nwachukwu Ifeanyi , Ezeh C.I ,   Abia state University Umuahia  Campus
Published: October 2021

Rural development is a veritable tool for fighting poverty and achieving economic prosperity at the grassroots level. The concept of rural development embraced by most countries connotes a process through which rural poverty is alleviated by sustained increases in the productivity and incomes of low – income workers and households. The major thrust of this study was to examine the impact of selected rural development programmes in Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. The area under study was purposively selected because of its agricultural potential, high proportion of farmers as well as concentration of agricultural institutions. The selection of programmes for the study was impinged on their long years of existence. The study sought to determine the number of available rural development programmes with poverty alleviation objectives in the area; assess the extent of awareness and participation of rural people in the programmes; and examine the impact of the programmes on farmers’ income, farm size, production and productivity. Multi – stage random sampling method was employed in the selection of communities and respondents. A well-structured questionnaire was used to elicit responses on socio – economic characteristics and other relevant variables from a random sample of 160 respondents comprising beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries from Ikwuano local government of Abia state, Nigeria. The results showed that the rural development programmes which had poverty alleviation objectives impacted significantly on productivity and farm income at 5 percent level of probability. Awareness was perceptibly high while participation was more in Agricultural Development Programme (ADP), with an overwhelmingly percentage representation of about 79, than in others. Programme planners and implementers are therefore urged to intensify awareness creation among rural dwellers and adopt the use of community driven development approach (CDD) in the execution of rural development projects with poverty alleviation thrust. Government, at all levels, was advised to adopt price support policy that raises income of producers.
Food and its Preparation Conditions in Hotels in Accra, Ghana: A Concern for Food Safety
Authors:   University of Ghana, Addo Kennedy K. , Mensah Gloria I. , Bonsu Christian , Akyeh Moses L.
Published: October 2021

Although a lot of work has been done on the safety of street foods in most developing countries, not much has been done with regards to the hotel industry. A pilot study to investigate food and its preparation conditions in ten selected hotels in Accra, the capital of Ghana with respect to food safety was therefore initiated in 2005/2006. A total of 184 samples; 105 swabs of kitchen working surfaces, cutlery and plates; 29, 30, and 20 samples of food, water and fruit juice respectively were taken for microbial analysis from ten highly patronized hotels between December 2005 and June 2006. Standard microbiological methods were used for isolation, enumeration, and identification of bacteria. Thirty Seven (37) of the swab samples showed the presence of coliforms while Escherichia coli was absent in all the 105 samples. The total count of aerobic bacteria was high in the swabs from the working surfaces and cutting boards (> 10 3 cfu/ml). All the food samples tested negative for Salmonella, Staphylococcus and E. coli . Coliforms and E. coli were not detected in any of the 30 water samples tested, Ten of the fruit juice samples tested positive for coliforms although E. coli was absent in all the 20 samples. Most of the swabs that registered the presence of coliforms were from chopping boards, pastry and working tables suggesting that the method of cleaning these surfaces should be improved. The microbial quality of all the food samples tested was satisfactory with aerobic colony counts of less than 10 4 cfu/g and no pathogens detected in 25g of food sample, which is the standard for ready to eat foods. The water samples also met the satisfactory criteria of no coliforms detected in 100mls of water. No pathogens were detected in the fruit juice samples, but with the exception of ginger juice, all were contaminated with coliforms which suggests that, stringent measures be applied in the preparation and handling of these juices. As a result of this study staff and management of these hotels are now implementing Good Hygienic Practices (GHP) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP).
Urinary schistosomiasis and iron deficiency anemia among Malian school children
Authors:   UNICEF Country Office, India, Ayoya Mohamed , Koné KM ,   University of Bamako, Traoré AK
Published: October 2021

Anemia continues to be a major public health problem in many countries. The prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis, which contributes to anemia, often peak at school age adding to that age group’s nutrition and disease burdens. However, unlike malaria and hookworm infections, little is known on the role of urinary schistosomiasis in iron deficiency anemia. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and the effect of iron supplementation on hemoglobin (Hb) and serum ferritin (SF) levels among school children infected with Schistosoma haematobium in Bamako, the capital city of Mali. A total of 150 anemic school children between 7 and 12 years were randomly assigned to receive either 40mg/kg of praziquantel or 40mg/kg of praziquantel (P) + daily 66 mg of iron (Fe), five days a week for three months. Hb and SF were measured at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks of the intervention. Only children who had complete Hb and SF data at each stage of the trial were included in the statistical analyses (n = 74 in the P+Fe group; n = 66 in the P group). At baseline, mean Hb (g/dl) was 10.53±0.93 in the P group and 10.47±1.17 in the Fe+P group; mean SF (µg/l) was 34.39±37.58 in the P group and 29.82±23.34 in the Fe+P group, and the prevalence of iron deficiency was 17.2%. At 6 and 12 weeks of the intervention, there was an important reduction in anemia and in iron deficiency in both treatment groups. Mean Hb (g/dl) was higher in the Fe+P group (11.63±0.88 and 11.55±0.94) than in the P group (11.14±0.98 and 10.84±0.86) at 6 and 12 weeks, respectively. Mean SF (µg/l) was also higher in the P+Fe group (74.26±40 and 100.29±53.92) than in the P group(40.65±35.63 and 40.70±29.57) at 6 and 12 weeks, respectively. In these Schistosoma haematobium infected children, iron deficiency was prevalent and treatments with P alone or in combination with Fe supplementation were able to increase hemoglobin and iron stores. Neither P nor P+Fe by alone completely reversed anemia in this sample population.
Effects of June winds on rainfall in the coastal region of Kenya
Authors:   Pwani University College, Muti Simon , Ng'etich W ,   Moi University
Published: October 2021

Although the equatorial Eastern region of Africa is adjacent to the Indian Ocean, it tends to exhibit a drier climate rather than one characterized by abundant tropical rains. A number of studies on rainfall variability in the East African region have tended to suggest a stronger influence of local factors in controlling rainfall amounts and their characteristics rather than the global wind circulation system. A climatic phenomenon that is locally termed “June winds” is unique to East Africa’s coastal region. The study mainly involved analysing rainfall anomalies and means of 39- year meteorological data from the region and data from earlier studies about the region. The results indicate that June winds occur annually after the onset of long rains between the months of May and June. They impart subsidence, drying and cloud free conditions, altering the climatological properties in the areas they traverse. The attainment of peak June wind velocities causes a characteristic depression in rainfall probability and amounts on their course, similar to the ‘Ganges depression’ of temperatures in the Indian subcontinent, which in turn affects available soil moisture for crop growth. The results also reveal existence of years of “above-normal rains” (herein referred to as El Niño years) and years of “below-normal rains” (herein referred to as La Niña years) which are associated and modulated by El Niño southern oscillation. They also reveal that drought years tend to occur in succession and that the June winds tend to be suppressed or absent during El Niño years, but strongly associate with La Niña years. The study suggests that the frequency and therefore the ratio of La Niña years to El Niño years have been increasing. The study also suggests possibility of developing a decision support system for farmers in resource use and allocation based predicted time of occurrence of the June winds.
Współpraca przedsiębiorstw i organizacji pozarządowych przy realizacji działań społecznie odpowiedzialnych. Aspekty sprawozdawcze
Authors: Waniak-Michalak Halina
Published: October 2021

Opracowanie stanowi nowatorskie ujęcie problemu społecznej odpowiedzialności przedsiębiorstw (CSR). Podjęto w nim próbę kompleksowego spojrzenia na działalność organizacji społecznych, a w szczególności współpracę korporacji i organizacji pozarządowych służącą realizacji działań społecznie odpowiedzialnych w okresie międzywojennym, po II wojnie światowej iw XXI w. Celem książki jest analiza zjawiska społecznej odpowiedzialności organizacji, a w szczególności wskazanie motywów podejmowania przez korporacje działań filantropijnych. Osobną kwestią jest znaczenie i zakres ujawniania informacji dotyczących współpracy przedsiębiorstw i organizacji pozarządowych. Badano raporty CSR, raporty zintegrowane, a także sprawozdania organizacji pozarządowych. Zastosowano analizę literatury, kwerendy, analizę treści i przypadków oraz analizę statystyczną. W ramach badań historycznych przyjęto metodę indukcyjną, opierając się na danych źródłowych pozyskanych w Archiwum Państwowym w Łodzi. Opracowanie może być wykorzystywane przez badaczy zainteresowanych szeroko rozumianą tematyką społecznej odpowiedzialności przedsiębiorstw.
Sleep quality and depressive disorders among priests of the Archdiocese of Katowice
Authors: Oleszko Agnieszka , Jośko-Ochojska Jadwiga , Smoleń Jerzy , Śpiewak Rafał
Published: October 2021

Wstęp

Przewlekły stres wpływa na jakość snu oraz wywołuje symptomy depresji u osób aktywnych zawodowo. Posługa kapłańska, ze względu na swą specyfikę, może generować przewlekły stres, wpływać na jakość snu i wywoływać depresję. Celem pracy jest analiza obciążeń zawodowych księży katolickich, ocena jakości snu i rozpowszechnienia zaburzeń depresyjnych w tej grupie oraz wyodrębnienie czynników mających wpływ na ich występowanie u duchownych.

Materiał i metody

Zbadano 223 księży diecezjalnych i zakonnych Archidiecezji Katowickiej. W badaniu zastosowano autorski, poddany walidacji kwestionariusz, skalę depresji Becka (Beck Depression Inventory – BDI-II) oraz Skalę Jakości Snu (SJS).

Wyniki

Czynnikami wywołującymi najsilniejszy stres u badanych księży były relacje z przełożonymi (68,2%) oraz zmiana parafii (66,8%). Najczęstszym z subiektywnie odczuwanych przez respondentów negatywnych stanów podczas całej dotychczasowej służby kapłańskiej było przemęczenie (92,4%). W badanej grupie u 20,2% księży występowała pogorszona jakość snu, a zaburzenia depresyjne o różnym stopniu nasilenia wykazano u 27,4% badanych. Wykazano zależność jakości snu oraz depresji od nasilenia stresu związanego ze zmianą parafii, relacjami z przełożonymi, celibatem oraz życiem w pojedynkę.

Wnioski

Księża niechętnie poddają się badaniu kwestionariuszowemu dotyczącemu stanu zdrowia psychicznego, jednocześnie stanowią grupę wysokiego ryzyka występowania zaburzeń snu i zaburzeń depresyjnych. Im niższa była jakość snu, tym wyższe wskaźniki zaburzeń depresyjnych. Perfekcjonizm, nadmierne zaangażowanie, poczucie niezrozumienia, potrzeba uznania i wysoka wrażliwość interpersonalna sprzyjały nasileniu symptomów depresji w badanej grupie.
Correlation and Path Analysis Studies for Various Yield and Component Traits in the Segregating Generations of Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L). Hepper]
Authors: Sood Rhitisha , Mittal R.K. , Sood V.K. , Sharma Shailja
Published: October 2021

Background: Blackgram despite of being a highly nutritious and short duration legume crop, it is not cultivated on large scales due to many constraints. Considering this, the research was aimed to develop blackgram genotypes with wider adaptability, genetic variability and high yielding potential by studying nature and magnitude of association among yield and related traits for effective production. Methods: The present investigation was carried out at Experimental Farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur (H.P.) to assess the character association and direct and indirect effects among yield and related traits in 14 crosses and ten parents for 11 quantitative characters during Kharif 2018 and 2019 in randomized complete block design with three replications. Result: Correlation studies highlighted that seed yield per plant had significant and positive association with pods per plant, biological yield per plant, pod length, plant height and 100 seed-weight at genotypic and phenotypic levels in both generations. Study of path analysis revealed that biological yield per plant and pods per plant exhibited maximum positive direct and indirect effects to the total association between yield and other component traits in both the generations. These traits could be suggested as best selection indices on priority basis which would be commendable to improve the performance of genotypes during breeding programme.
Promoting ESL Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Through a Transitivity Analysis of Authentic Materials
Authors: Velasco Ender
Published: October 2021

Using authentic materials in the English as a second language (ESL) classroom can develop students’ critical thinking (CT) skills, expose them to more realistic English, and support their motivation. Carrying out text analyses of authentic materials in the ESL classroom can also help students become more critical in their approach to reading. Grounded in systemic functional linguistics (SFL) concepts, this paper puts forward a series of text analysis tasks, so ESL teachers can introduce their adult students to the concepts of transitivity and intentionality found in opposing newspaper articles dealing with conflict. Overall, these analyses show how the active voice can highlight the semantic value of intentionality via material processes, and how writers use strategies such as passivization and fronting of items in clauses to emphasize the responsibility for wrongdoing when reporting news. The analyses also show that context is important in determining degrees of intentionality, and intentionality can be attributed to the material processes of human actors portrayed as non-human actors. Understanding these concepts can help adult ESL students become better critical readers/thinkers.

Utiliser des matériaux authentiques dans la classe d’anglais langue seconde (ALS) peut développer la pensée critique (PC) des étudiants et les exposer à un anglais plus réaliste et soutenir leur motivation. Effectuer des analyses de textes de matériaux authentiques dans la classe d’ALS peut aussi aider les étudiants à devenir plus critiques dans leur approche de la lecture. Enraciné dans les concepts de la linguistique systémique fonctionnelle (LSF), cet article présente une série d’exercices d’analyse de texte, de façon à ce que les enseignants d’ALS puissent présenter à leurs étudiants adultes les concepts de transitivité et d’intentionnalité qu’on retrouve dans des articles de presse contradictoires qui traitent du conflit. Dans l’ensemble, ces analyses montrent comment l’utilisation de la voix active peut mettre en lumière la valeur sémantique de l’intentionnalité par l’entremise de processus matériels, ainsi que la façon dont les écrivains utilisent des stratégies comme la passivisation et la mise en avant d’éléments dans les propositions pour accentuer la responsabilité d’actes répréhensibles quand ils font un reportage. Les analyses montrent également que le contexte est important pour déterminer les degrés d’intentionnalité et que celle-ci peut être attribuée aux processus matériels des acteurs humains dépeints comme des acteurs non-humains. Comprendre ces concepts aide les étudiants adultes d’ALS à devenir de meilleurs lecteurs ou penseurs critiques.
Apropiación social de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación en el sureste mexicano
Authors: Santamaría Mayo Eliut , Bonilla Núñez Norma Angélica
Published: October 2021

En respuesta a esta oportunidad, un conjunto de instancias del sureste mexicano presentan una propuesta para conducir un amplio abanico de acciones en el marco del proyecto “Apropiación Social de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación, desde el Sur”, del que el presente libro ene su origen
El cultivo del anturio: Anthurium andreanum
Authors: Gayosso Rodríguez Salomé , Tetumo García Jorge , Hernández Hernández Luis Ulises , Estrada Botello Maximiano Antonio
Published: October 2021

El cultivo de plantas ornamentales data desde los mismos orígenes del hombre y forma parte de su cultura. En México, desde tiempos prehispánicos, ya se disfrutaba de la oricultura; al respecto, la literatura hace referencia a jardines otantes en chinampas. También existen evidencias de los famosos jardines de Nezahualcóyotl; los aztecas cultivaban la nochebuena (cuetlaxochitl), y en el oriente existieron los jardines colgantes de Babilonia (Fundación PRODUCE de Guerrero A.C., 2012).
Factores de incidencia en los estudiantes a distancia
Authors: García Martínez Verónica
Published: October 2021

¿Cuáles son los elementos que inciden en el éxito o fracaso de los estudiantes de los cursos virtuales en las asignaturas del plan presencial de la UJAT? Este libro recoge una investigación al respecto. Se describe el proceso que se desarrolló desde la concepción del estudio, hasta el análisis de la información recogida entre los estudiantes bimodales de la UJAT. Se aspira a aportar no sólo la información comprometida sobre los factores de incidencia entre los estudiantes de esta modalidad (que es el producto final de lo teórico y lo empírico) sino dar cuenta de la manera en que se aplicó el estudio, así como las bases conceptuales que respaldan el trabajo para que oriente sobre los aciertos y errores en este tipo de metodología.
Finanzas públicas y salud: Propuesta metodológica para una política de estado en salud en México
Authors: García Rodríguez José Félix
Published: October 2021

Las finanzas públicas, como disciplina científica, encuentran su origen en el reconocimiento por parte del Estado de su obligación de satisfacer requerimientos de justicia social por medio de la provisión de ciertas necesidades básicas que la sociedad en su conjunto, y el hombre en lo particular, consideran como elementos básicos para la convivencia social. Por ello, la ciencia de las nanzas públicas, de nida como el conjunto de elementos que intervienen en la captación de ingresos, su administración y ejercicio vía gasto público que efectúa el Estado para satisfacer las necesidades de una sociedad; tiene una fuerte carga axiológica derivada de las preocupaciones de justicia social con respecto a problemas que no han logrado aún una respuesta satisfactoria. Respuesta que, más que talento económico, requiere de una fina y profunda sensibilidad social. De esta manera y por su profunda connotación social, se dice que las nanzas públicas constituyen un fenómeno sociocultural que se manifiesta en un espacio y tiempo determinado.
La Clase Mágica en Tabasco
Authors: García Martínez Verónica , Marín Olán Pablo
Published: October 2021

La definición de La Clase Mágica (LCM) es un entramado de conceptos y teorías que se vierten y manifiestan en actividades lúdicas enfocadas al empoderamiento de grupos especialmente vulnerables. Nacido en los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica hace más de 25 años, el modelo surge con el propósito de facilitar la inserción de los niños migrantes latinos a la cultura americana. Este libro recoge la experiencia de su aplicación en México, donde en el 2015 fue la base de un proyecto de investigación desarrollado por estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. El propósito fundamental era apoyar a niños de los últimos grados de nivel primaria en las asignaturas de español y matemáticas de escuelas en el estado de Tabasco, dado que los resultados de la prueba PISA en estas materias, en las evaluaciones más recientes, habían ubicado a la entidad en los últimos lugares. Este texto desea convertirse en una base sobre la que descanses posteriores intervenciones, ya que ha demostrado aportar beneficios no sólo para los grupos atendidos, sino también para los estudiantes que participan en estas acciones.
PRODUCCIÓN DE BIOGÁS: Fundamentos y parámetros
Authors: Pampillón González Liliana , Cisneros Morales Luis Fernando , Gaspar Gaspar
Published: October 2021

Este libro es una guía para el estudiante, resultado de las experiencias recogidas a lo largo de la trayectoria de los autores. Por una parte, posee un gran componente de base científica y académica, que va complementado con elementos prácticos de las lecciones aprendidas por los diversos proyectos desarrollados para el sector agropecuario en el componente de bioenergía por agencias gubernamentales. El tema es relevante dada la problemática mundial del manejo, el tratamiento y la disposición final inadecuada de los residuos orgánicos, aunado a la caída en las reservas de petróleo y el aumento de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El uso de fuentes alternas de energía, como lo son los sistemas de producción de biogás, se convierte en una estrategia oportuna, dada la necesidad desde el punto de vista social, ambiental, energético y económico en la gestión de los residuos y la generación de energía alternativa. Bajo esta premisa, el lector tiene en sus manos un documento-guía sobre el diseño, la instalación y el seguimiento de los sistemas de producción de biogás (comúnmente llamados biodigestores) a través de un recorrido general por los fundamentos y los requerimientos técnicos necesarios para su desarrollo e implementación.
PLGA – THE SMART POLYMER FOR DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: Surya N. , Bhattacharyya S.
Published: October 2021

Polymers have become an integral part of novel drug delivery system. One such successful biodegradable polymer is poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) which consists of polyesters of lactic acid and glycolic acid. It is one of the FDA-approved biodegradable polymers which is extensively used for therapeutic purposes in recent times.

The aim. To illuminate researchers on the chemistry, novel properties and applications of PLGA in pharmaceutical fields.

Materials and methods. Various internet sources like Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and google scholar were used as the data source. The key words search was carried out for the following words and combinations: PLGA, Novel drug delivery, PLGA Nano particles, biomedical applications of PLGA.

Results. Pharmaceutical and biomedical industries are flooded with the use of synthetic and natural polymers. The mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the polymers make them suitable for the temporal and spatial delivery of therapeutic agents for an extended period. Employment of copolymerization techniques lead to the modification of water solubility of the polymers and make them suitable for various applications of drug delivery systems. Biodegradable polymers due to their biocompatibility and biodegradable property have attracted their use in novel drug delivery systems. PLGA is one of them. PLGA is versatile as it can be fabricated into any size, shape, and can be used to encapsulate small molecules, tissue engineering, and bone repair, etc.

Conclusion. The sensitivity and biodegradability of PLGA makes it a smart polymer for targeted and sustained delivery of drugs and in various biomedical applications.