bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified Kumaraswamy Negative Exponential Distribution
Authors: Usman U. , Ndatsu A. M. , Almu, A. Almu, A. , Mahmud A. M.
Published: December 2024

In this research a four parameter continuous probability distribution model called Kumaraswamy negative exponential distribution (KNED) was proposed as an enhancement of the negative exponential distribution. The probability density function and cumulative distribution function of the modified distribution were derived. Additionally, the validity of this distribution was demonstrated. Also, various properties of the modified distribution for instance survival and hazard functions, moments, moment generating functions, and order statistics were obtained. Parameters for the modified distribution were estimated using maximum likelihood estimation method. Furthermore, the proposed model was compared to other variations of exponential distribution using some analytical measures of goodness of fit on information criteria and the results obtained shows that our proposed model gives better fit, thus proving greater flexibility in modelling real-world phenomenon.
Enhancing User-Item Matrix Using Principal Component Analysis and User Profiling Techniques for User Based Collaborative Filtering Recommender System
Authors: Abubakar Abdullahi Mallam , Almu Abba
Published: December 2024

Collaborative filtering recommender systems are systems that aid users in finding relevant items. However, collaborative Filtering is the most popular approach for building recommender system due to superior performance.  However, collaborative filtering approach has the many inherent problems including data sparsity. This research work presents an enhanced approach to creating a personalized movie recommendation system, leveraging the power of collaborative filtering; the research work employs a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) algorithm to capture user preferences and item characteristics from a vast movie rating dataset, ensuring the accuracy of movie recommendations. It incorporates user profiling to comprehend user preferences in a more interpretable fashion, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), to visualize users in a reduced 2D space. It further applies K-Means clustering that categorized users into distinct segments based on their movie preferences, by facilitating target user recommendations and analysis. The fusion of these techniques results in a sophisticated recommendation system, demonstrated through practical implementation, offering both accurate movie suggestions and insights into user clusters. The experimental evaluation results revealed that, the proposed system outperformed the existing system performance, in terms of both Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Squared Error (MRSE).
Estrés Académico Percibido en Estudiantes de la Universidad Pública de Guatemala
Authors: González-Aguilar Donald W.
Published: December 2024

El estrés es un síntoma psicológico que experimentan todos los seres humanos, incluidos los estudiantes. Este estudio examina la percepción del estrés experimentado por los estudiantes. En concreto, se analiza cómo un estímulo constante, como una carga académica uniforme, puede interpretarse de forma diversa por los estudiantes. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia, obteniendo 840 estudiantes de la universidad pública de Guatemala. Se realizó estadística descriptiva. El análisis mostró que el 1.31 % de la población categorizado como estrés académico muy alto; el 15.83 % de la población categorizados como estrés académico alto; el 66.55 % de la población categorizados como estrés académico moderado; el 13.45 % de la población categorizado como categoría de bajo estrés académico; y el 2.86% de la población categorizados como de muy bajo. Este estrés académico elevado surge cuando los estudiantes interpretan los eventos académicos como exigencias intimidantes. Estas percepciones estresantes del ámbito académico pueden conducir a la desesperación y, eventualmente, a resultados académicos deficientes.
Luces y Sombras en el Trabajo: Abordaje Integrativo de la Depresión en Personas Laboralmente Activas en Guatemala
Authors: Urbina Aquino Dairyn Corina , Colli Alonso Mario
Published: December 2024

En Guatemala, la depresión se ve influenciada por mitos y creencias culturales, lo que puede afectar la percepción y el tratamiento de esta condición. Se resalta la necesidad de adaptar las estrategias de intervención a las necesidades individuales de cada persona, trabajando en colaboración con profesionales de la salud mental para lograr un tratamiento efectivo y personalizado. Se enfatiza la importancia de la terapia centrada en el cliente y la terapia cognitivo-conductual como enfoques clave en el manejo de la depresión.
El análisis estadístico descriptivo realizado revela que los participantes con síntomas clínicos más graves también presentan una mayor intensidad en los síntomas depresivos, lo que sugiere una relación entre la severidad de los síntomas y su impacto en la persona. Se destaca la importancia de identificar y modificar los patrones de pensamiento negativos, así como enseñar habilidades de afrontamiento efectivas para manejar el estrés y mejorar las relaciones interpersonales como parte fundamental del tratamiento de la depresión.
La depresión, considerada un problema significativo, se manifiesta en síntomas que afectan la percepción de uno mismo, generando sentimientos de incompetencia y baja autoestima. Además, los síntomas depresivos pueden influir en la conducta de la persona, impactando su vida diaria y su bienestar emocional y psicológico. Se destaca la importancia de identificar a tiempo los signos y síntomas de la depresión para ofrecer un tratamiento y apoyo oportuno, lo que puede tener un impacto significativo en la calidad de vida de quienes la padecen.
Mecanismos de Afrontamiento y Acceso a la Salud Mental en Adolescentes, del Centro Educativo Esperanza Juvenil, en la Ciudad de Guatemala
Authors: De León Sandoval Ricardo Leonel
Published: December 2024

Dentro de la presente investigación se identificó los mecanismos de afrontamiento que utilizan los adolescentes en diversas situaciones de estrés, así como la percepción que tenían acerca del acceso a la salud mental. Para el presente estudio se aplicó el Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento en su adaptación mexicana (Quiroz, Méndez, & Trujano, 2010) a 27 estudiantes del Centro Educativo Esperanza Juvenil de la zona 2 de la Ciudad de Guatemala, y un cuestionario semi estructurado para conocer que percepciones se tienen en cuanto al acceso de salud mental.
En el primer instrumento se tiene como resultado que en promedio los adolescentes utilizan en mayor medida el pensamiento desiderativo como mecanismo de afrontamiento predominante; posteriormente, en maneras equitativas, utilizan la resolución de problemas, autocritica y retirada social a diferencia de la expresión emocional y apoyo social identificadas como las menos utilizadas; por otra parte en el segundo instrumento se evidencio el poco acceso que han tenido a los servicios de salud mental, así como la poca psicoeducación desde edades tempranas. Se concluye con esta investigación el poco acceso a la salud mental y las maneras inadecuadas que eligen los adolescentes para afrontar sus problemas emocionales, lo que destaca la importancia de la presencia de la salud mental en la vida de este grupo etario.
Trauma y Resiliencia en la Comunidad Victoria 20 de Enero, Ixcán, Quiché
Authors: Enríquez María Eugenia
Published: December 2024

Este estudio investiga las manifestaciones de trauma y resiliencia en doce sobrevivientes del conflicto armado interno en Guatemala, específicamente en la Comunidad Victoria 20 de enero en Ixcán, Quiché. A través de una muestra intencional y selectiva, se examinaron las experiencias personales, familiares y grupales de los participantes durante su proceso de migración, así como los desafíos y estrategias de readaptación a la comunidad. Se identificaron síntomas de trauma como ansiedad y evitación, así como factores protectores como el apoyo social y las prácticas espirituales. Se discuten implicaciones para el diseño de intervenciones psicoterapéuticas culturalmente sensibles que aborden las necesidades individuales y colectivas de los sobrevivientes. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de una aproximación holística que reconozca la complejidad de los procesos de trauma y resiliencia en contextos post-conflicto. La investigación busca comprender las manifestaciones del trauma y la resiliencia en estas personas, así como sus vivencias durante el proceso de migración y readaptación a la comunidad. Objetivos: Los objetivos incluyen describir estas manifestaciones, identificar los procesos de readaptación y cambios interculturales, y proponer sistemas de psicoterapia para abordar estos temas. Metodología. El enfoque fue cualitativo, de corte fenomenológico. La investigación se llevó a cabo a través de una muestra intencional y selectiva de residentes originarios de la comunidad "Victoria 20 de enero", y el instrumento fue mediante una entrevista profunda.
Apego, Trauma y Disociacion (2021), Editorial Desclée de Brouwer, de Manuel Hernández
Authors: Colli Alonso Mario
Published: December 2024

Me da mucho gusto hacer este comentario sobre el libro del Maestro y profesor Manuel Hernández, de España. Es un psicólogo clínico y psicoterapeuta español, que ha creado un modelo al que ha llamado ´´PARCUVE´´, el cual está desarrollado para tratar temas de Apego, Trauma y Disociación, los cuales cada vez son más importantes para el psicólogo clínico y psicoterapeuta.
A Location-Aware and Greedy Cross-Layer Routing Protocol for Flying Ad-hoc Networks
Authors: Moreira Rian T. D. , Medeiros Dianne S. V.
Published: December 2024

The Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs) enhance the coverage capacity in cellular networks by forwarding data in multiple hops using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Nevertheless, unlike classic ad-hoc networks, FANETs have specific characteristics, such as free movement in three dimensions and very high-speed nodes. These characteristics lead to a more complex and dynamic mobility pattern compared to other ad-hoc networks, generating more frequent topology changes. This paper proposes the Greedy Weighted Perimeter Routing Protocol (GWPRP), which aims to improve networking performance. GWPRP is a location-aware and greedy cross-layer routing protocol based on a classic protocol for vehicular networks, the Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR). Following a similar greedy strategy, GWPRP forwards packets based only on local information obtained from neighbors, which considers link and network layer information, local link stability, and node location. We assess the protocol in a simulated environment, comparing its performance with GPSR and Energy Efficient Hello Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (EE HELLO AODV), a variant of AODV for FANETs. The results show that GWPRP achieves a higher packet delivery ratio with smaller control overhead and lower average end-to-end delay and jitter.
Como as Soluções Voltadas para Surdos são Avaliadas? um Estudo apoiado por Inteligência Artificial Generativa
Authors: Cavalcante João Paulo Santiago , Apolinário José Antônio Feitosa , Souza Ellen Polliana Ramos
Published: December 2024

A surdez afeta milhões de brasileiros, gerando barreiras na comunicação, educação e inclusão social, e comprometendo a qualidade de vida e o acesso a oportunidades. As tecnologias assistivas são fundamentais para promover a inclusão e acessibilidade, oferecendo maior autonomia para pessoas com deficiência. Este estudo analisou 39 tecnologias assistivas e digitais acessíveis para surdos, utilizando o apoio da inteligência artificial generativa, visto que o primeiro autor é uma pessoa surda e tem dificuldade para leitura e interpretação de textos longos, escritos em língua portuguesa. Os autores verificaram que nem todos os recursos avaliados incluíram o principal público-alvo no processo de avaliação.
Tecnologia Assistiva e a sua utilização por alunos com deficiência visual: Um olhar sobre o percurso na escola pública brasileira
Authors: Lira Guilherme de Azambuja , Pedrosa Stella Maria Peixoto de Azevedo , Santos Sonia Regina Mendes dos
Published: December 2024

Este artigo analisa a evolução das tecnologias educacionais para alunos com deficiência visual nas escolas públicas no Brasil, focando também sua disseminação através de Políticas Públicas. São abordadas desde as primeiras atividades realizadas em instituições pioneiras até o momento atual, em que ocorre substancial implantação de Tecnologia Assistiva no ensino público no país.
Superconducting Devices: From Quantum Computing to Energy Transmission
Authors: Hassan Belqees
Published: December 2024

Superconducting devices, leveraging the unique properties of zero resistance and the Meissner effect, are transforming diverse technological fields. This chapter explores their applications, from quantum computing to energy transmission and medical imaging. Superconducting quantum computers, employing superconducting qubits and circuits, promise breakthroughs in computing power and speed due to longer coherence times, higher fidelity, and reduced noise. Superconductors revolutionize energy transmission by enabling lossless energy transfer through high-current carrying cables, thus enhancing grid efficiency and reducing energy waste. Additionally, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems offer efficient and rapid energy storage for grid stabilization and renewable energy integration. Superconducting technology significantly enhances medical imaging, particularly Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), by enabling the generation of powerful magnetic fields, leading to clearer images and faster scan times. Despite challenges in cost and material limitations, ongoing research aims to overcome these hurdles, paving the way for wider adoption of these transformative technologies.
Evidence-Based Complementary Therapies for the Management of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Kondreddy Vijay , Gadiraju Bhavani , Magisetty Jhansi
Published: December 2024

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, profoundly affects patients’ quality of life through persistent gastrointestinal symptoms and systemic complications. Conventional therapies include aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics, yet many patients experience limited effectiveness and severe adverse effects. This limitation has spurred a rising interest in complementary therapies, offering promising avenues for symptom management and enhancement of overall well-being. This chapter explores an array of complementary approaches, such as dietary modifications, herbal supplements, prebiotics, and probiotics. By focusing on the robust empirical evidence, mechanisms of action, and practical implementation of these therapies.
Perspective Chapter: Recent Developments in Digital Holography Approach Employing Digital Advanced Micromirror Devices
Authors: Moin Muhammad , Moin Mehrunisa , Qadoos A. , Waheed Anwar Abdul , Hassan Junaid
Published: December 2024

This investigation explores digital holography using digital micromirror devices (DMDs), examining theoretical foundations and practical applications. We delve into the principles of diffraction, the structure and operation of DMDs, and their holography-relevant properties. The study discusses various methods for producing holographic displays, addressing challenges, and suggesting solutions. Computational strategies for creating holograms for 3D exhibitions employing DMDs and advanced approaches for holographic image modernization are explored. Current findings noted the future of DMDs in holography, such as fast switching speeds, enhancing angular separation between both reconstructed and incident beams, as well as finer mirror pitch and involvement in superior hologram high quality. Also, investigate the employ of DMDs in digital holographic interferometry for a real-time show of interferometric fringes. For faster modulation speed, an electrooptic modulator was employed in synchronization with the DMD in an amplitude modulation mode to create grayscale patterns with a frame rate ~ 833 Hz with a display time noted of only 1.2 ms instead of 38.4 ms for time multiplexing, gaining a speed up by a factor of 32. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of DMDs for this purpose, opening new applications in the field.
Evaluation of Methods for Testing Early Social Cognition from a Pragmatic Perspective
Authors: Viertel Franziska E.
Published: December 2024

In this chapter, I aim to review methods for testing early social cognitive abilities, in particular the assessment of Level 1 perspective-taking (VPT-1) in the visual modality, as it plays a predictive role in understanding the epistemic states of others. To some extent, in the literature, tests of VPT-1 are uncritically reported and replicated without questioning the validity and significance of the results. However, the use of behavioural measures with very young children remains a challenging task, as children draw on many pragmatic resources in a test situation, such as cross-situational interactional experience. In this chapter, I attempt to provide an initial review and interpretation of previous findings from a pragmatic perspective.
A Review of Solid-State Additive Manufacturing: Method, Microstructural Evolution, Mechanical Properties, Applications and Challenges
Authors: Li Ying , Li Xiwu , He Changshu , Li Yanan , Wen Kai , Yan Lizhen , Xiao Wei , Zhang Yongan , Xiong Baiqing
Published: December 2024

Solid-state additive manufacturing (SSAM) is an emerging technology that offers a unique approach by avoiding the melting and solidification of metals during the fabricating process. As a result, it eliminates common solidification related defects like porosity and cracking. This method is characterized by low residual stress, low distortion, and the formation of fine equiaxed grain structures, making it particularly advantageous for fabricating large-scale components in sectors like aerospace, aviation, and rail transportation. This review explores the fundamental principle and recent development of solid-state additive techniques, namely, friction stir additive manufacturing (FSAM), additive friction stir deposition (AFSD), friction and rolling-based additive manufacturing (FRAM), and wire-based friction stir additive manufacturing (W-FSAM). Furthermore, the advantages, challenges, and future trends of these SSAM techniques are reviewed. A comprehensive review of the characteristics and current research trends in solid-state additive manufacturing methods is crucial for driving further advancements in this technology.
Using Directive Speech Acts to Understand the Dialogue in a Short Film Script: A Case of Admit One
Authors: Jaganegara Haidar
Published: December 2024

Knowing speech acts is necessary for comprehending and understanding  the meaning of character's dialogue, particularly in film script that employ performative language. Each character is responsible for understanding their lines, while the readers must grasp the overall context. The study, therefore, aims to analyse the kinds of directive speech acts in Admit One short film script. The paper applied the descriptive qualitative method, while the data were collected by closely observing the dialogues containing directive speech act both directly-indirectly and literal-non literal. The results showed in the data findings running ten types of directive speech acts in the data findings, such as command (11.36%), begging (4.55%), asking (43.18%), defending (6.81%), warning (2.27%), insisting (6.81%), suggesting (6.81%), ordering (11.36%), permitting (4.55%), and advising (2.27%). Later, this research is expected to provide profound insights to the reader about pragmatics study to analyse directive speech acts for further studies.
Pembentukan dan Makna Fukugoumeishi dalam Manga Isekai Cheat Survival Meshi Karya Akaishi Kakkaku dan Yamada Mojimi
Authors: Zatiara Ina , Najmudin Onin , Rahmalia Shabrina
Published: December 2024

Fukugoumeishi adalah penggunaan dua kata yang menjadi satu hingga membentuk sebuah arti atau kata baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembentukan dan makna fukugoumeishi yang terdapat dalam manga isekai cheat survival meshi karya akaishi kakkaku dan Yamada Mojimi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori pembentukan fukugoumeishi oleh Nitta (2010) dan makna fukugoumeishi oleh Akimoto (2002). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan sumber manga isekai cheat survival meshi karya Akaishi kakkaku dan Yamada Mojimi. Berdasarkan analisis data, terdapat 27 data pembentukan dan makna fukugoumeishi yang ada dalam manga isekai cheat survival meshi karya Akashi kakkaku dan Yamada Mojimi. Terdapat 3 jenis pembentukan fukugoumeishi yaitu, 15 data N+N, 4 data N+V, dan 8 data V+N. Kemudian, terdapat jenis makna fukugoumeishi yaitu, sebagai tempat, komponen yang serupa, subjek, bahan, objek, kasus objek, bagian, sifat, alat, kata yang berlawanan, tindakan, verba lampau yang dipakai menjelaskan kata nomina, kata verba yang dipakai untuk menjelaskan kata nomina dan verba yang menunjukkan tempat pergerakan. Data yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah fukugoumeishi yang dibentuk oleh N+N dan makna fukugoumeishi pada kata V+N yang memiliki hubungan makna verba yang dipakai untuk menjelaskan kata nomina.
Antonio Tabucchi’nin Zaman Hızla Yaşlanıyor ve Gittikçe Geç Olmakta Eserlerinde Varlık ve Zaman Felsefesi İzlekleri
Authors: Ün Burcu , Bedin Cristiano
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada varlık ve zaman felsefesinden hareketle İtalyan Edebiyatının önemli isimlerinden biri olan Antonio Tabucchi’nin iki eseri incelenecektir. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde varlık kavramının Parmanides, Herakleitos, Anaksimandros, Platon, Aristoteles, Hegel gibi filozofların tanım ve kapsamlarına yer verilecektir. Ardından 20.yy'ın en önemli filozoflarından biri olan Heidegger'in varlığa ilişkin fikirlerine değinilecek böylelikle varlık ve zaman diyalektiği çerçevesinde varolan (seindes) ile varlık (sein) arasındaki ontolojik farkın altı çizilecektir. Bu kapsamda Heidegger’in varlığın anlamı nedir sorusuna alternatifli bir yanıt olarak kullandığı zaman ekstazlarının işler hale getirilmesi temaları varlık ve zaman arasındaki bağın açıklayıcı bir özetini oluşturacaktır. Çalışmanın bir sonraki bölümü bu bağın çeşitli emsallerle değerlendirilmesini ve edebiyata yansımasını konu edinecektir. Zaman kavramının edebiyat dünyasındaki işleyişi Fransız filozof Paul Ricoeur’un çalışmaları çerçevesinde açıklanacaktır. Çalışmanın nihai bölümünde Zaman Hızla Yaşlanıyor ve Gittikçe Geç Olmakta eserlerindeki karakterler Heidegger’in varlık anlayışı çerçevesinde değerlendirilecek ve anlatıların zaman düzeni Paul Ricoeur’un zaman anlayışı çerçevesinde açıklanacaktır.
نقش زمان و مکان بر احکام جزایی در نظام حقوق اسلامی
Authors:   ‌ماستر‌ جزا و جرم‌شناسی، دانش‌گاه/ پوهنتون بین‌المللی‌ المصطفی(ص) و ستاژر حقوقی، پوهنتون/ دانش‌گاه کابل، کابل، افغانستان, فیضی محمدهادی
Published: December 2024

وضع احکام الهی مبتنی بر مصالح و مفاسد می‌باشد. نظام جزایی نیز بخشی از احکام الهی‌اند، رعایت مصالح و مفاسد و مقتضیات زمانی و مکانی در نوع اجرای احکام جزایی نقش اساسی دارد. این جُستار با روی‌کرد فقهی، چه‌گونه‌گی و نقش مقتضیات زمان و مکان را در اجرای مجازات با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و ابزار کتاب‌خان‍ه‌یی نظریات فقیهان امامیه و حنفی را مورد بررسی قرار داده است. در این تحقیق به نقش عُنصر زمان و مکان بر احکام جزایی اسلام، حکمت‌های مجازات و کارکردهای اصلاحی اسلام نسبت به مجازات اشاره گردیده است. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان­ می‌دهند‌ که اجرای احکام جزایی بدون ملاحظۀ شرایط زمانی و مکانی، موجب وهن اسلام و تبلیغات سوء علیه احکام اسلامی در جامعه می‌گردد. اجرای مجازات به شکل سنّتی در جامعۀ کنونی تبعات منفی زیادی را به‌هم‌راه دارد؛ از‌این‌جهت، رعایت زمان و مکان در اجرای احکام امری معقول بوده و اهمیت فراوان دارد.
The Impact of Government Development Expenditure on Economic Growth in ASEAN Countries
Authors: Nordin Nurnaddia , Nordin Nurhaiza , Nik Hussin Nik Syuhailah
Published: December 2024

Purpose: In the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) context, where strategic investments in infrastructure and public services are important for sustainable development, exploring government development expenditures significantly impacts that link to economic growth. The study covers a crucial dimension: the impact of government development spending on economic growth around this vast region. This study investigates the impact of government development expenditures on economic growth in ASEAN countries from 2000 to 2022. It is specifically interested in charting the history of these expenditures together with their economic effects.

Design/ Methodology/ Approach: Based on a quantitative research design, this study applies panel data analysis to an annual secondary data set obtained from ten ASEAN nations. We use the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to test long-run cointegration between the identified variables using a panel ARDL model. Government development expenditures are the independent variable, and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, along with inflation, foreign direct investment (FDI) and gross national expenditure (GNE), are dependent variables.

Findings: The findings indicate that government development expenditures are insignificant in the short term. They have a significant effect on the economic growth of ASEAN countries in the long run. This positive relationship underscores the need for continuous, well-targeted government investment to propel an inclusive economic development trajectory. Strategic government investments over the long term, particularly in areas that enhance productivity and competitiveness, yield substantial economic returns over time.

Practical Implication: Governments in ASEAN states must prioritise sustainable development initiatives that will have long-lasting effects in their countries. The findings indicate that investment in infrastructure, human capital, and innovation is crucial to promote sustainable growth. This study may be useful to policymakers by highlighting the necessity of adequately implementing development expenditures to achieve economic progress in ASEAN countries. This will eventually provide insights to enhance society’s long-term development and welfare progress.

Originality/ Value: This study has considerable policy implications. It shows the importance of government development expenditures, especially long-term investments in sustainable development projects, in maintaining a growing economic trend.

Keywords: Government development expenditure, economic growth, ASEAN countries, panel ARDL.
COVID-19 in a hemodialysis center
Authors:   Nephrology department Beni Messous hospital Algiers., ZITOUNI Samia , BRAHIMI Ghania ,   Epidemiology department Beni Messous hospital Algiers., SAIDANI Messaoud ,   Nephrology department Beni Messous hospital Algiers.
Published: December 2024

Background: Acute renal failure in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with high in-hospital mortality. Chronic renal failure (CRF) was a risk factor for a more severe form of COVID-19 disease. Our work investigated mortality in the renal failure population with COVID19 and the course of renal function.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study of 231 patients with COVID-19 who required dialysis was conducted. 3 groups of patients were constituted according to the type of renal failure, Group 1: acute renal failure (ARF), Group 2: CRF with deteriorating renal function (ARF+CRF) and Group3: chronic hemodialysis (HD), all required hemodialysis sessions. Overall mortality and in each group were calculated. Finally, the evolution of renal function among the survivors was studied.

Results: An overall mortality rate of 52.4% was found. The age of the deceased patients was higher than

the age of survivors (64.67Â±13.19 years vs 57.68Â±15.58 years). Male sex and the degree of pulmonary involvement of COVID-19 lung disease were significant risk factors (p=0.0006, p=0.00003 respectively) Type II diabetes and underlying respiratory pathology were the main comorbidities related to mortality with rates of 63.21% and 60.90% respectively.

Group1 had the highest mortality rate (75.6%) compared to 46.5% in Group3. Mortality in the Group 2 and 3 was 47.4% and 46,5% respectively. The recovery of renal function in Group1 was 24.44%. In Group2 100% of patients with creatinine clearance above 30ml/min returned to baseline function compared to only 9.09% when clearance was below 30ml/min.

Conclusion: Renal failure requiring dialysis is a risk factor for COVID-19-related mortality
Episiotomy/perineal tear fistulas, an occasional complication of a fourth-degree tear where lay open should be avoided
Authors:   M.R.B. Keighley MA MS FRCS Emeritus Professor of Surgery University of Birmingham UK, MRB Keighley
Published: December 2024

21 fistulas on the perineum through an episiotomy wound or a tear are reported. They all presented with pain swelling and discharge intermittently. Diagnosis was delayed beyond a year in 12. All were associated with a fourth-degree tear which was repaired in 3 and missed in 18. The external opening of the track was at 7-11 oâ€™clock in relation to the anus and the internal opening was at 12 oâ€™clock in the anus in all except one, four were complex tracks. Setons were commonly used to drain these fistulas, in which only one healed, lay open was successful in all 8 but was always associated with worsening incontinence especially faecal soiling. Nearly all with a fistula were high risk for OASI: in 18 this was a first vaginal birth, in 4 there was a shoulder presentation and 17 had an assisted delivery: forceps in 8, ventouse in 5 and both in 4. Obstetricians should be aware of this rare complication of fourth degree tear and seek colorectal investigation early.
The Effects on Ovarian Function of The Combination of Methotrexate and Iguratimod in Women Suffering from Moderate to Severe Active Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors:   MBBS Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal, Pakistan, Ashiq Hira , Fatima Zahra , Masood Bushra , Tanveer Laiba , Arshad Emania ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Doctor of Physical Therapy. Pakistan., Rauf Shaista ,   Department of Physical Therapy, University of Sargodha. Pakistan
Published: December 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease that causes stiffness, pain, and swelling in the joints in the morning. If the disease gets worse, the joints can become deformed. This can make it harder for joints to work normally, which can have a big effect on the patient's daily life and quality of life. The main drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is methotrexate (MTX). As an immunosuppressant, it stops B cells from activating incorrectly in the body, stops the production of cytokines that aren't supposed to be there, and eases the symptoms that come with that. However, some cases have shown that using MTX by itself is not the best way to treat pain; it usually needs to be combined with other medicines. Iguratimod (IGU) is a new disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) that can reduce inflammation and change the immune system. This is a small molecule drug made from 7-methanesulfonylamino-6-phenoxychromones. It has two amide groups. The purpose of this study was to find out how well MTX and IGU work together as a treatment choice for women with mild to severe RA. It also looked into how this medicine changes the way ovaries work, which gives doctors a medical basis for making decisions about clinical care.
The clinical significance of vestibular system hemodynamic control
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hosseini Seyed Majid , Hosseini S. Mehran ,   Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Published: December 2024

Aims: The otoliths of the vestibular system in the inner ear not only provide sensory information for body movements and balance but also have indirect autonomic effects. Vestibular dysfunction has clinical significance in a wide range of disorders including bone hemostasis, cognitive function, and cardiovascular system. This study aimed to discuss only the clinical significance of vestibular system hemodynamic control and the consequences of its dysfunction in orthostasis.

Methods: The time window for this review was 1990-2024, and the databases used included Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Only full-text articles in English were cited.

Findings: Recent evidences indicated vestibular-induced sympathetic activation and shifted the hypothesis of vestibular feed-forward control of blood pressure during orthostasis toward a well-documented fact. As an input source for cardiovascular reflexes, the vestibular system must be considered in etiologies, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions of orthostatic intolerance states.

Conclusion: The vestibular system by itself has clinical significance in managing patients suffering from orthostatic hypotension and syncope. Vestibular dysfunction may be one of the underlying causes of orthostatic hypotension.
Splenic Artery Aneurysm
Authors:   Division of Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju Korea, Chung Young Woo , Jung Hong Sung , Lee Ho Kyun , Chung Sang Young , Choi Soo Jin Na ,   Division of Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju Korea
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) is uncommon disease. Reported SAAs are increased because of advanced radiological diagnostic modalities. The aim of this study is to analyze of clinical findings of SAAs and to evaluate of endovascular therapies of SAAs.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 37 consecutive SAA from June 2009 to May 2023. 37 patients were treated by endovascular interventions with coils, plugs, stents and stent grafts.
Results: 37 patients (9 males, 29 females) involved in the study with mean age was 58.1 years. Mean age for male was 69.8years. Mean age for female was 56.3years. 32 patients were diagnosis incidentally. 5 cases were complained abdominal pain. There was 3 pseudoaneurysms and 33 cases were saccular type. 4 patients were had 2 aneurysms. Mean aneurysm size was 2.4cm. Dome to neck ratio range was 1.6 to 2.8. Coil embolizations were performed in 25 cases and plug embolizations in 4 cases. 8 endovascular treatments of SAA with a stent graft. 4 complications were noted. There was 1 endoleak and treated by additional stent. Distal flow of splenic artery was not noted in 3 patients. 2 patients showed splenic infarction. 1 focal infarction patient was recovery after 1 year. Other 34 patients had no complications. There was no splenic artery aneurysm associated mortality.
Conclusion: In endovascular era, with the development of modern endovascular technologies, endovascular treatment of SAAs should be attempted as first line treatment, especially in ruptured aneurysms and even if relatively asymptomatic small aneurysms.
Pericardial Abnormalities Seen on Echocardiography in The Jos University Teaching Hospital
Authors:   Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria, CM Chundusu , j Okopi , F I Sawa , T S Ola , A O Ibrahim , E O Ahmadu , F Iliya , D Mathias , S S Danbauchi , E Okafor , IJ Artu , SC Ugwu ,   Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

Introduction: A 2-D Echocardiographic manifestations of pericardial disease that are not mutually exclusive were pericardial effusion or pericardial thickening. A significant number of pericardial disease cases however are without this classical features.

Methodology: In a retrospective review of pericardial echocardiography in a teaching Hospital compare the two pericardial disease syndromes. Comparism in terms of cor-morbidity and cardiac functions were carried out. Both subjective and objective assessment of echo parameters were considered for analysis.

Results: A 1414retrospective records were reviewed and 169 (10%) were seen to have either pericardial effusion 91 (5.6%), thickening 78 (4.8%) or both 6 (0.3%). There was a slight female dominance and lower mean age compared to those without echo pericardial disease findings. Pericardial effusive subjectively were seen to be associated with more cor-morbidities and complications and objectively had echo parameters indicating poor cardiac functional state. Aorta, left atrium, left ventricular internal diameter in diastole and E/A ratio were statistically different.

Conclusions: Routine echocardiography assessing pericardial diseases was observer dependent and pericardial effusion had a less favourable outcome than thickened pericardium.
Asthma in India
Authors:   Public Health Consultant Bengaluru and Professor of Practice, School of Environment Sciences, Public Health, and Sanitation Management, Karnataka State Rural Development and Panchayat Raj University (KSRDPRU), GADAG, Karnataka, India, Kishanrao Suresh
Published: December 2024

India's burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is escalating. NCDs typically present in individuals aged 55 years or older in many developed countries, but their onset occurs in India a decade earlier ≥45 years of age. The India GBD Collaborators showed that COPD, and asthma made the second largest contribution to the total mortality burden of India, at 10·9%. The crude prevalence rates of Asthma 8·6% (6·1–11·4) in 1990-2016 period.

Asthma is a major and common chronic noncommunicable disease (NCD), affecting both children and adults. Asthma affected an estimated 280 million people in 2022 and caused half a million deaths globally. India contributes to 12.9 % of Global Asthma cases and 42.4% of global Asthma Deaths. The prevalence of Asthma in USA and UK is much higher, so is the treatment adherence, mainly due to better diagnostic facilities and their use.

The diagnosis of Asthma in Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is mostly by clinical examination that include, Physical examination -use of stethoscope to hear typical wheeze, Lung function Tests including peak flow meter and spirometers and Chest Xray chest to rule out Pneumonia, TB and Lung Cancer, X-Ray sinuses to rule out Rhinosinusitis. The management principles include 1) use of inhalers (powder or metered dose) for easing breathing like Salbutamol, Lev Salbutamol and Terbutaline 2) Controller medication Inhalers containing Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Fluticasone and Mometasone. 3) Combination of both medications 4) Short courses of Corticosteroids during asthmatic attacks. 5) Anti-IgE (omalizumab for patients with severe asthma.

To comply with WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs and the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, member countries have committed to improving the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of asthma to reduce the global burden of NCDs, to progress towards universal health coverage 2030.

This article reviews the situation of Asthma management in India in general and three case reports to describe the challenges of under- diagnosis and sustained treatment.

Materials and Methods: Review of national and global guidelines for accessibility and utilization of Asthma management, three case reports illustrating challenges
Comparison of Accuracy of the Conventional Method for Measuring VDO with Digit and Facial Anthropometric Measurements
Authors: Sivaramakrishnan Sridevi , Mahalingam Janisha , Mary Abraham Helen , Mathew Philip Jacob , C J Venkatakrishnan
Published: December 2024

Objective: The main objective is to compare and correlate the vertical dimension of occlusion of both the conventional
method and the anthropometric method.
Materials and Methods: Using a modified digital Vernier Caliper, the VDO was measured with an accuracy of 0.01 mm
from the prominent parts of the chin and nose. The calipers were also used to measure facial and digit measurements.
Results: The results showed that the p-value of the VDO-L, VDO-I, and VDO-EA was significant (<0.05). The correlation
is positive with the Length of the little finger (r=0.6490). The percentage of individuals who perceived comfort among
the five groups was highest in both the digits measurement (VDO-L and VDO-I).
Conclusions: The length of the little finger has a higher correlation to VDO than other facial and digit measurements.
Adjacent Segment Disease Occurred in Cervical Spine Due to Trauma Rather Than Degeneration: Observation from Skeletal Scintigraphy in a Case of Tetraplegia
Authors: Chang Shin-Tsu , Chen Bo-Jen , Hsiao Wen-Hsuan
Published: December 2024

Cervical adjacent segment disease (ASD) is a symptomatic condition that may occurr after cervical spine surgery,
accounting for approximately 6% of cases requiring a second surgery. However, some cases may lack abnormal
radiographic findings, complicating both the diagnosis and treatment planning. We present the case of a 66-year-old
male who developed cervical ASD following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion performed due to a traffic accident.
The diagnosis was made using single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT),
which disclosed increased uptake in the C3 to C7 vertebral bodies. We suggest that SPECT/CT should be considered for
patients presenting with pain following cervical spine surgery to achieve a more accurate diagnosis of ASD.
Honey and cancer : A Sustainable Parallel Relationship Especially For Developing Nations
Authors: Haider Rehan , Kumari Das Geetha , Ahmed Zameer , Zameer Sambreen
Published: December 2024

Cancer is a global fitness problem, with developing countries facing substantial challenges in handling this sickness due to restricted entry to advanced treatment plans and economic constraints. Honey, a natural product with diverse therapeutic residences, has proven promise in most cancer prevention and treatment. Its bioactive compounds, along with flavonoids, phenolic acids, and enzymes, own antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumorigenic homes which could supplement conventional cancer treatments. This sustainable, value-powerful technique is especially superb for developing countries, where access to cutting-edge therapies remains limited. Research suggests that honey can modulate multiple molecular pathways concerned with most cancer development, including apoptosis, cell cycle law, and angiogenesis. It also has the potential to decrease the aspect consequences of chemotherapy and radiation, thereby improving affected person effects. Furthermore, honey's affordability and wide availability in many developing international locations make it a viable option to include in integrative oncology practices. This paper explores the connection between honey and most cancer treatments, highlighting its potential as an accessory therapy, especially in resource-confined settings. The usage of honey gives a sustainable and handy technique, supporting global efforts to beautify cancer care fairness. Similarly, research wants to standardize its utility, dosage, and effectiveness in diverse cancers kinds, but the capacity of honey in cancer control is simple, offering hope to many who face barriers to standard care.
Silajlık Mısır Yetiştiriciliğinde Çapraz Ekim Yönteminin Verim ve Kaliteye Etkisi
Authors: Altuntaş Kemal , Yılmaz Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırma; silajlık mısır yetiştiriciliğinde çapraz ekim yönteminin Sakarya ekolojik koşullarında verim ve kalite unsurlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla 2023 yılında Sakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi deneme arazisinde çalışılmıştır. Çalışma, Kale hibrit mısır çeşidi kullanılarak tesadüf blokları deneme planına göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. 5 farklı ekim yönteminin uygulandığı araştırmada; geleneksel 15×70 cm ekim şekline alternatif olarak, (20+50) cm sabit sıra arası mesafesine sahip çapraz ekim yönteminde 4 farklı sıra üzeri mesafesinin (15, 20, 25 ve 30 cm) verim ve kaliteye etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada; bitki boyu (cm), yaprak boyu (cm), yaprak eni (cm), yaprak sayısı (adet), yeşil ot verimi (kg/da), yaprak/sap oranı (%), koçan/bitki oranı (%), kuru madde oranı (%), kuru madde verimi (kg/da), ham protein oranı (%), ADF oranı (%), NDF oranı (%), ham selüloz oranı (%) ve ham kül oranı (%) özellikleri incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz sonucunda; bitki boyu, yaprak boyu, yaprak eni, yeşil ot verimi, yaprak/sap oranı, koçan/bitki oranı, kuru madde verimi, ham protein, ADF, NDF ve ham selüloz oranları çok önemli bulunmuşken, diğer özelliklere ait ortalamalar arasında oluşan farkın önemsiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen ortalama veriler değerlendirildiğinde, Sakarya ekolojik şartlarında ana ürün yetiştirme dönemi içerisinde silajlık mısır yetiştiriciliğinde verim ve kalite yönünden 15×(20+50) cm çapraz ekim yönteminin önerilebileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence Methods Applied to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Özmen Mustafa Melikşah , Aksoy Bekir
Published: December 2024

The study examined the use of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The aim of the study is to make the artificial intelligence decision processes in the autonomous systems of UAVs more understandable and transparent. This requirement has gained importance as UAVs are used in increasingly complex tasks. In order to increase the reliability of UAVs especially in areas such as security, military operations and agriculture, and to reinforce users' trust in these systems, the integration of XAI methods has become critical.
In the study, both model-based and post-hoc explanation methods were used. Model-based methods such as decision trees and explainable neural networks were preferred to ensure transparency of UAVs' decision-making processes. Post-hoc methods such as Local Intrepretable Model - Adnogtics Explanations (LIME) and SHapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) were used to increase the explainability of deep learning models . In the study, these techniques were evaluated to understand why UAVs make certain decisions in their complex operational processes.
As a result of the study, it was observed that the integration of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods into UAV systems made decision processes more transparent and thus increased the reliability of UAVs. It was emphasized that this transparency, especially in terms of public safety and ethical practices, plays a critical role in expanding the use of UAVs and making them safer.
Characterization of Al-Cu-Si Eutectic Alloys Solidified by The Bridgman Method
Authors: Büyük Uğur
Published: December 2024

Aluminum is widely used in many sectors from the food industry to the electrical and electronics industry, from the automotive and aerospace industries to construction applications due to its ease of forming, resistance to corrosion and environmental influences, and high strength-to-weight ratio. The physical properties of multi-component aluminum alloys vary according to their chemical composition, specifically the alloying elements and their ratios. The primary alloying elements used in aluminum-based casting alloys are silicon, copper, and magnesium, with iron and zinc being used as residual elements. Al-Si-Cu is extensively employed in powertrains and transmissions. In this study, the physical properties of an Al-26.5Cu-6Si (wt. %) ternary eutectic alloy were examined in relation to the directional solidification method. The alloy was prepared in a vacuum melting furnace and directionally solidified at different solidification rates using a Bridgman-type furnace. The Vickers microhardness, maximum tensile strength, and electrical resistivity of the produced samples were measured, and it was determined that the solidification rate significantly influenced these values. The results of this study were compared with the experimental results obtained for binary Al-Cu and quaternary Al-Cu-Si-Fe eutectic alloys.