bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impacts of freeze–thaw cycles on saturated hydraulic conductivity and microstructure of saline–alkali soils
Authors: Xu Wenshuo , Li Kesheng , Chen Longxiao , Kong Weihang , Liu Chuanxiao
Published: September 2021

Study on the microscopic structure of saline–alkali soil can reveal the change of its permeability more deeply. In this paper, the relationship between permeability and microstructure of saline–alkali soil with different dry densities and water content in the floodplain of southwestern Shandong Province was studied through freeze–thaw cycles. A comprehensive analysis of soil samples was conducted using particle-size distribution, X-ray diffraction, freeze–thaw cycles test, saturated hydraulic conductivity test and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The poor microstructure of soil is the main factor that leads to the category of micro-permeable soil. The porosity of the local soil was only 6.19–11.51%, and ultra-micropores (< 0.05 μm) and micropores (0.05–2 μm) dominated the pore size distribution. Soil saturated water conductivity was closely related to its microscopic pore size distribution. As the F–T cycles progressed, soil permeability became stronger, with the reason the pore size distribution curve began to shift to the small pores (2–10 μm) and mesopores (10–20 μm), and this effect was the most severe when the freeze–thaw cycle was 15 times. High water content could promote the effects of freeze–thaw cycles on soil permeability and pore size distribution, while the increase of dry density could inhibit these effects. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the remediation of saline–alkali soil in the flooded area of Southwest Shandong.
Modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India
Authors: Rathore Avinash Chandra , Mehta Harsh , Jayaprakash J. , Singh Charan , Gupta Anand Kumar , Kumar Pawan , Islam Sadikul , Kar Saswat Kumar , Patra Sridhar , Chand Lekh , Doharey Vijay Kumar , Ojasvi Prabhat Ranjan , Yadav Ram Swaroop , Madhu M.
Published: September 2021

India produces around 19.0 million tonnes of tomatoes annually, which is insufficient to meet the ever-increasing demand. A big gap of tomato productivity (72.14 t ha–1) between India (24.66 t ha–1) and the USA (96.8 t ha–1) exist, which can be bridged by integrating trellis system of shoot training, shoot pruning, liquid fertilizers, farmyard manure, and mulching technologies. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted on tomato (cv. Himsona) during 2019–2020 at farmers' fields to improve tomato productivity and quality. There were five treatments laid in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications; T1[Farmer practice on the flatbed with RDF @ N120:P60:K60 + FYM @6.0 t ha−1without mulch], T2[T1 + Polythene mulch (50 microns)], T3[Tomato plants grown on the raised bed with polythene mulch + FYM @ 8.0 t ha−1 + Single shoot trellis system + Side shoot pruning + Liquid Fertilizer (LF1—N19:P19:K19) @ 2.0 g l–1for vegetative growth + Liquid Fertilizer (LF2—N0: P52: K34) @ 1.5 g l–1for improving fruit quality], T4[Tomato plants grown on the raised bed with polythene mulch + FYM @ 8.0 t ha−1 + Single shoot trellis system + Side shoot pruning + LF1@ 4.0 g l–1 + LF2@ 3.0 g l–1], and T5[Tomato plants grown on the raised bed with polythene mulch + FYM @ 10.0 t ha−1 + Single shoot trellis system + Side shoot pruning + LF1@ 6.0 g l–1 + LF2@ 4.5 g l–1]. The results revealed that tomato plant grown on the raised beds with polythene mulch, shoot pruning, trellising, liquid fertilizers, and farmyard manure (i.e., T5) recorded higher shoot length, dry matter content, and tomato productivity by 20.75–141.21, 18.79–169.4, and 18.89–160.87% as compared to T4–T1treatments, respectively. The T5treatment also recorded the highest water productivity (28.39 kg m–3), improved fruit qualities, net return (10,751 USD ha–1), benefit–cost ratio (3.08), microbial population, and enzymatic activities as compared to other treatments. The ranking and hierarchical clustering of treatments confirmed the superiority of the T5treatment over all other treatments.
Socioeconomic and environmental effects of soybean production in metacoupled systems
Authors: da Silva Ramon Felipe Bicudo , Viña Andrés , Moran Emilio F. , Dou Yue , Batistella Mateus , Liu Jianguo
Published: September 2021

Human–environment interactions within and across borders are now more influential than ever, posing unprecedented sustainability challenges. The framework of metacoupling (interactions within and across adjacent and distant coupled human–environment systems) provides a useful tool to evaluate them at diverse temporal and spatial scales. While most metacoupling studies have so far addressed the impacts of distant interactions (telecouplings), few have addressed the complementary and interdependent effects of the interactions within coupled systems (intracouplings) and between adjacent systems (pericouplings). Using the production and trade of a major commodity (soybean) as a demonstration, this paper empirically evaluates the complex effects on deforestation and economic growth across a globally important soybean producing region (Mato Grosso in Brazil). Although this region is influenced by a strong telecoupling process (i.e., soybean trade with national and international markets), intracouplings pose significant effects on deforestation and economic growth within focal municipalities. Furthermore, it generates pericoupling effects (e.g., deforestation) on adjacent municipalities, which precede economic benefits on adjacent systems, and may occur during and after the soybean production takes place. These results show that while economic benefits of the production of agricultural commodities for global markets tend to be localized, their environmental costs tend to be spatially widespread. As deforestation also occurred in adjacent areas beyond focal areas with economic development, this study has significant implications for sustainability in an increasingly metacoupled world.
Multimodal electrophysiological analyses reveal that reduced synaptic excitatory neurotransmission underlies seizures in a model of NMDAR antibody-mediated encephalitis
Authors: Wright Sukhvir K. , Rosch Richard E. , Wilson Max A. , Upadhya Manoj A. , Dhangar Divya R. , Clarke-Bland Charlie , Wahid Tamara T. , Barman Sumanta , Goebels Norbert , Kreye Jakob , Prüss Harald , Jacobson Leslie , Bassett Danielle S. , Vincent Angela , Greenhill Stuart D. , Woodhall Gavin L.
Published: September 2021

Seizures are a prominent feature in N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor antibody (NMDAR antibody) encephalitis, a distinct neuro-immunological disorder in which specific human autoantibodies bind and crosslink the surface of NMDAR proteins thereby causing internalization and a state of NMDAR hypofunction. To further understand ictogenesis in this disorder, and to test a potential treatment compound, we developed an NMDAR antibody mediated rat seizure model that displays spontaneous epileptiform activity in vivo and in vitro. Using a combination of electrophysiological and dynamic causal modelling techniques we show that, contrary to expectation, reduction of synaptic excitatory, but not inhibitory, neurotransmission underlies the ictal events through alterations in the dynamical behaviour of microcircuits in brain tissue. Moreover, in vitro application of a neurosteroid, pregnenolone sulphate, that upregulates NMDARs, reduced established ictal activity. This proof-of-concept study highlights the complexity of circuit disturbances that may lead to seizures and the potential use of receptor-specific treatments in antibody-mediated seizures and epilepsy.
Infrared microspectroscopy studies on the protective effect of curcumin coated gold nanoparticles against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells
Authors: Karimi Fateme , Shaabani Elnaz , Martínez-Rovira Immaculada , Yousef Ibraheem , Ghahremani Mohammad Hossein , Kharrazi Sharmin
Published: September 2021

The protective effect of Cur-GNPs against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in SK-N-SH cells was studied by using microspectroscopy FTIR.
Amino and triazole-containing metal–organic frameworks for highly efficient CO2 fixation
Authors: Li Yang , Tian Xueqin , Jiang Weiwei , Wu Pengyan , Li Han-Shu , Wang Man , Lin Chen , Wang Jian
Published: September 2021

An amino and triazole-containing metal–organic framework exhibits highly efficient CO2 fixation with excellent recyclability.
Enantioselective first total syntheses of the antiviral natural products xiamycins D and E
Authors: Dethe Dattatraya H. , Shukla Manmohan
Published: September 2021

The enantioselective first total syntheses of marine pentacyclic indolosesquiterpenoids xiamycins D (4) and E (5) have been described for the first time to the best of our knowledge.
Temperature-dependent phase composition of fluorinated zinc phthalocyanine thin films and their sensing properties towards gaseous NO2
Authors: Vlček Jan , Kühne Irina A. , Zákutná Dominika , Marešová Eva , Fekete Ladislav , Otta Jaroslav , Fitl Přemysl , Vrňata Martin
Published: September 2021

This work presents a temperature-dependent phase composition study of thin films (200 nm) of fluorinated zinc phthalocyanines (4F, 16F) and their chemiresistive response towards NO2 gas.
Structural determination of arginine-linked cisplatin complexesviaIRMPD action spectroscopy: arginine binds to platinumviaNO−binding mode
Authors: He C. C. , Hamlow L. A. , Kimutai B. , Roy H. A. , Devereaux Zachary J. , Cunningham N. A. , Martens J. , Berden G. , Oomens J. , Chow C. S. , Rodgers M. T.
Published: September 2021

Synergistic IRMPD action spectroscopy experiments and theoretical calculations establish the mode of Arg binding to Pt in Argplatin complexes as bidentate NO−coordination.
On the intersystem crossing rate in a Platinum(ii) donor–bridge–acceptor triad
Authors: Farrow G. A. , Quick M. , Kovalenko S. A. , Wu G. , Sadler A. , Chekulaev D. , Chauvet A. A. P. , Weinstein J. A. , Ernsting N. P.
Published: September 2021

A combination of ultrafast broadband fluorescence upconversion spectroscopy and femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy resolves the rates of intersystem crossing in donor–bridge–acceptor complexes.
Dynamic lipid aptamers: non-polymeric chemical path to early life
Authors: Kahana Amit , Maslov Svetlana , Lancet Doron
Published: September 2021

Mixed lipid assemblies form dynamic aptamers that possess protein-like stereospecific recognition. This capacity can mediate assembly self-reproduction, supporting an early role for lipids in life's origin.
Coordination anion effects on the geometry and magnetic interaction of binuclear Dy2 single-molecule magnets
Authors: Wu Jinjiang , Li Xiao-Lei , La Droitte Léo , Cador Olivier , Le Guennic Boris , Tang Jinkui
Published: September 2021

The SMM behavior and the magnetic interactions within two dinuclear DyIII complexes were elaborated through magnetic investigations as well as ab initio calculations.
Antiproliferative activity and electrochemical oxygen evolution by Ni(ii) complexes of N′-(aroyl)-hydrazine carbodithioates
Authors: Chaurasia R. , Pandey Shivendra Kumar , Singh Devesh Kumar , Bharty M. K. , Ganesan Vellaichamy , Hira S. K. , Manna P. P. , Bharti A. , Butcher Ray J.
Published: September 2021

Synthesized Ni(ii) complexes have remarkable cytotoxic potential against K562 cancer cells and have better electrochemical water oxidation response than RuO2. Among complexes 1, 2, and 3, complex-2 shows a better water oxidation response.
Evaluating electrochemical accessibility of 4fn5d1 and 4fn+1 Ln(ii) ions in (C5H4SiMe3)3Ln and (C5Me4H)3Ln complexes
Authors: Trinh Michael T. , Wedal Justin C. , Evans William J.
Published: September 2021

Electrochemical characterization of the Ln(iii)/Ln(ii) reduction potentials for the entire lanthanide series and yttrium is reported for the (C5H4SiMe3)3Ln complexes.
Low-oxidation state cobalt–magnesium complexes: ion-pairing and reactivity
Authors: Kelly John A. , Gramüller Johannes , Gschwind Ruth M. , Wolf Robert
Published: September 2021

Ion-pairing strongly influence the reactivity of low-oxidation state transition metalate anions, enabling the synthesis of novel phosphaorganometallic compounds.
Dinotefuran nano-pesticide with enhanced valid duration and controlled release properties based on a layered double hydroxide nano-carrier
Authors: Wang Chong , Zhu Huaxin , Li Ningjun , Wu Qingjun , Wang Shaoli , Xu Baoyun , Wang Yan , Cui Haixin
Published: September 2021

A dinotefuran layered double hydroxide (D-LDH) nano-pesticide is designed via a supramolecular self-assembly method. It improved the utilization rate of pesticide and enhanced the valid duration.
Effects of Ejiao peptide–iron chelates on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in iron deficiency anemic mice
Authors: Cheng Xiang-Rong , Guan Ling-Juan , Muskat Mitchell N. , Cao Cong-Cong , Guan Bin
Published: September 2021

Ejiao peptide–iron chelates not only improved blood hemogram, but also alleviated intestinal inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis caused by iron-deficiency anemia in mice.
Physalin B inhibits PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation by activating the Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Qiu Liqiang , Hu Lingli , Liu Xiaoxiong , Li Wenjing , Zhang Xutao , Xia Hao , Zhang Changjiang
Published: September 2021

Mechanisms of physalin B inhibited vascular restenosis.
A dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitory peptide relieves palmitic acid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in HepG2 cells independent of inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity
Authors: Jin Ritian , Ren Haowei , Liao Minhe , Shang Jiaqi , Wang Dangfeng , Li Meng , Liu Ning
Published: September 2021

The peptide VLATSGPG (VLA) is known to inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), although its mechanism in relieving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is unclear.
Bimetallic RuNi nanoparticles as catalysts for upgrading biomass: metal dilution and solvent effects on selectivity shifts
Authors: Cardona-Farreny Miquel , Lecante Pierre , Esvan Jerome , Dinoi Chiara , del Rosal Iker , Poteau Romuald , Philippot Karine , Axet M. Rosa
Published: September 2021

Core–shell RuNi catalysts are prepared from organometallic complexes and PVP as stabilizers under one-pot conditions. The synergistic effect between Ru and Ni activity in furfural hydrogenation depends on the nanoparticle composition.
A class of surfactants via PEG modification of the oleate moiety of lactonic sophorolipids: synthesis, characterisation and application
Authors: Ogunjobi Joseph K. , McElroy Con R. , Clark James H. , Thornthwaite David , Omoruyi Osaretin E. , Farmer Thomas J.
Published: September 2021

A family of new bio-based surfactants have been prepared via the epoxidation and PEGylation of lactonic sophorolipids. This modification enhances their performance and diversifying their potential applications.
Visible-light-promoted three-component cycloaddition reaction: synthesis of 4-functionalized 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles
Authors: Kumar Navaneet , Bhadoria Deepak , Kumar Atul
Published: September 2021

The first visible-light promoted regioselective synthesis of 4-functionalized 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles from terminal alkynes, aryl azides, and arylsulfonyl sources under metal-, ligand-, or photocatalyst-free conditions was developed.
Low-cost rapid prototyping and assembly of an open microfluidic device for a 3D vascularized organ-on-a-chip
Authors: Li Qinyu , Niu Kai , Wang Ding , Xuan Lian , Wang Xiaolin
Published: September 2021

We present an open microfluidic device for the construction of a 3D vascularized organ-on-a-chip through a rapid prototyping method in a cost-effective manner with high flexibility and compatibility.
Tuning the donor–acceptor interactions in phase-segregated block molecules
Authors: Lamers Brigitte A. G. , van Son Martin H. C. , de Graaf Freek V. , van den Bersselaar Bart W. L. , de Waal Bas F. M. , Komatsu Kazuki , Sato Hiroshi , Aida Takuzo , Berrocal José Augusto , Palmans Anja R. A. , Vantomme Ghislaine , Meskers Stefan C. J. , Meijer E. W.
Published: September 2021

A robust, soft material held together by charge transfer interactions is developed. The nanostructure dimensions and material properties can be tuned by molecular design or pressure.
Synthesis of 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene and MXene-based composites for flexible strain and pressure sensors
Authors: Zeng Yuping , Wu Wei
Published: September 2021

Typical synthesis methods toward two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2Tx MXene and its application in flexible high-performance strain and pressure sensors.
Microstructures and electrochemical performances of TiO2-coated Mg–Zr co-doped NCM as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries with high power and long circular life
Authors: Li Dongjian , Guo Hongtao , Jiang Shaohua , Zeng Guilin , Zhou Wei , Li Zhuan
Published: September 2021

Mg–Zr-Ti co-modified NCM with excellent electrochemical performance is obtained by a solid-state method.
Dual-electrocatalysis behavior of star-like zinc–cobalt-sulfide decorated with cobalt–molybdenum-phosphide in hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions
Authors: Shamloofard Maryam , Shahrokhian Saeed
Published: September 2021

Although important advances have been acquired in the field of electrocatalysis, the design and fabrication of efficient and stable non-noble earth-abundant metal catalysts for the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions remain a significant challenge.
Promoted lithium polysulfide conversion and immobilization by conductive titanium oxynitride-carbon architecture design for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Guo Jing , Wang Hongyu , Luo Yuhong , An Hualiang , Zhang Zisheng , Liu Guihua , Li Jingde
Published: September 2021

A 3DOM titanium oxynitride skeleton embedded with N-doped carbon nanotube and Co nanoparticles is developed as sulfur immobilizers for Li–S batteries. Excellent performance is achieved even at a high sulfur loading and low E/S ratio condition.
A multifunctional divergent scaffold to access the formal syntheses of various sesquiterpenoids
Authors: Demertzidou Vera P. , Kourgiantaki Maria , Zografos Alexandros L.
Published: September 2021

A new divergent scaffold for the synthesis of various sesquiterpenoids in furan and α,β-unsaturated lactone oxidation states was developed through a novel, concise and scalable route.
One-pot synthesis of amphiphilic multiblock poly(2-oxazoline)s via para-fluoro-thiol click reactions
Authors: Zhao Tieshuai , Drain Ben , Yilmaz Gokhan , Becer C. Remzi
Published: September 2021

A clickable initiator, pentafluoro benzyl bromide, has been investigated for the cationic ring opening polymerization of poly(2-oxazolines).
Light induced crosslinking of main chain polybenzoxazines
Authors: Deliballi Zeynep , Kiskan Baris , Yagci Yusuf
Published: September 2021

Photo-induced cationic ring opening reactions were performed on main chain polybenzoxazine precursors using iodonium salts.
Blue-light-excited narrowing red photoluminescence in lead-free double perovskite Cs2−xKxAg0.6Na0.4In0.8Bi0.2Cl6−xBrx with cryogenic effects
Authors: Gong Xiao-Kai , Zhang Xiao-Song , Li Lan , Xu Jian-Ping , Ding Ru-Kun , Yin Hao , Zhang Zhao-Wei , Li Qian , Liu Long
Published: September 2021

The addition of KBr changed the original transition mode of the material and realized the blue-light excitation and narrow red emission of Cs2AgInCl6 at low temperatures.
Solventless synthesis of nanospinel Ni1−xCoxFe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) solid solutions for efficient electrochemical water splitting and supercapacitance
Authors: Malima Nyemaga Masanje , Khan Malik Dilshad , Choi Jonghyun , Gupta Ram K. , Mashazi Philani , Nyokong Tebello , Revaprasadu Neerish
Published: September 2021

The formation of solid solutions represents a robust strategy for modulating the electronic properties and improving the electrochemical performance of spinel ferrites.
CdSe nanocrystal sensitized photon upconverting film
Authors: Rigsby Emily M. , Miyashita Tsumugi , Fishman Dmitry A. , Roberts Sean T. , Tang Ming L.
Published: September 2021

Here, films using CdSe nanocrystal (NC) triplet photosensitizers in conjunction with diphenylanthracene (DPA) emitters doe for the conversion of green to blue light.
Lithium cuprate, a multifunctional material for NO selective catalytic reduction by CO with subsequent carbon oxide capture at moderate temperatures
Authors: Yañez-Aulestia Ana , Duan Yuhua , Wang Qiang , Pfeiffer Heriberto
Published: September 2021

Li2CuO2 was evaluated as a possible catalyst for the NO selective catalytic reduction (NO SCR) by CO.
Boosting purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence performance through a host–guest strategy
Authors: Li Mengke , Cai Xinyi , Chen Zijian , Liu Kunkun , Qiu Weidong , Xie Wentao , Wang Liangying , Su Shi-Jian
Published: September 2021

Several host–guest cocrystal systems with bright and persistent room-temperature phosphorescence were developed by utilizing a phosphorus-containing material as a robust host and newly developed isomeric organic phosphors as guests.
Regiodivergent sulfonylarylation of 1,3-enynes via nickel/photoredox dual catalysis
Authors: Chen Ya , Zhu Kun , Huang Qingqin , Lu Yixin
Published: September 2021

A mild reaction protocol for regiodivergent sulfonylarylation of 1,3-enynes via dual nickel and photoredox catalysis has been developed, which led to efficient synthesis of α-allenyl sulfones or 1,3-dienyl sulfones.
Effects of intervalence charge transfer interaction between π-stacked mixed valent tetrathiafulvalene ligands on the electrical conductivity of 3D metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Zhang Shiyu , Panda Dillip K. , Yadav Ashok , Zhou Wei , Saha Sourav
Published: September 2021

Through-space charge movement enabled by intervalence charge transfer interactions between π-stacked mixed-valent tetrathiafulvalene ligands creates electrical conductivity in three-dimensional metal–organic frameworks.
Enantioselective palladium-catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp2) σ bond activation of cyclopropenones by merging desymmetrization and (3 + 2) spiroannulation with cyclic 1,3-diketones
Authors: Zhou Han-Qi , Gu Xing-Wei , Zhou Xiao-Hua , Li Li , Ye Fei , Yin Guan-Wu , Xu Zheng , Xu Li-Wen
Published: September 2021

An unprecedented palladium-catalyzed (3 + 2) spiro-annulation merging C–C bond activation and desymmetrization was developed for the enantioselective construction of synthetically versatile and value-added oxaspiro products with up to 95% ee.
Constructing Ni/MoN heterostructure nanorod arrays anchored on Ni foam for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction under alkaline conditions
Authors: Sun Jian-Hang , Guo Feifan , Li Xuan-Yi , Yang Jin , Ma Jian-Fang
Published: September 2021

A facile strategy has been developed to prepare Ni–MoN@NF anchored on Ni foam.
Guided run-and-tumble active particles: wall accumulation and preferential deposition
Authors: Singh Chamkor
Published: September 2021

Asymmetric rotational drift induced by guiding fields, and variability in bacterial running strategies, are important physical mechanisms to understand the organization and early biofilm formation in collections of confined active particles.
Structural analysis of disordered dimer packings
Authors: Kurban Esma , Baule Adrian
Published: September 2021

We identify structural features that accompany the formation of the density peak in jammed disordered packings of dimer shaped particles.
Significantly enhancing the dielectric constant and breakdown strength of linear dielectric polymers by utilizing ultralow loadings of nanofillers
Authors: Li Li , Cheng Jingsai , Cheng Yunyun , Han Ting , Liu Yang , Zhou Yao , Han Zhubing , Zhao Guanghui , Zhao Yan , Xiong Chuanxi , Dong Lijie , Wang Qing
Published: September 2021

Dielectric polymer nanocomposites with ultralow content of nanofillers exhibit remarkable enhancements in dielectric constant and breakdown strength, yielding high discharged energy densities and efficiencies.
Effect of liposome surface modification with water-soluble phospholipid polymer chain-conjugated lipids on interaction with human plasma proteins
Authors: Adler Anna , Inoue Yuuki , Ekdahl Kristina N. , Baba Teruhiko , Ishihara Kazuhiko , Nilsson Bo , Teramura Yuji
Published: September 2021

Alternative liposome surface coatings for PEGylation to evade the immune system, particularly the complement system, have garnered significant interest.
Configurationally stable helical tetradentate Pt(ii) complexes for organic light-emitting diodes with circularly polarized electroluminescence
Authors: Yuan Li , Liu Ting-Ting , Mao Meng-Xi , Luo Xu-Feng , Zheng You-Xuan
Published: September 2021

By changing metallocycle members and replacing quinoline by benzo[h]quinoline with larger steric hindrance, the configurational stabilities of tetradentate Pt(ii) enantiomers are improved with good CPL properties for CP-OLEDs.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles as electron transporting interlayer in organic solar cells
Authors: Liu Chunhui , Xiao Chengyi , Li Weiwei
Published: September 2021

The review summarizes the synthesis, modification of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their application in organic solar cells.
Where is the best substitution position for amino groups on carbon dots: a computational strategy toward long-wavelength red emission
Authors: Cao Nengjie , Wang Quan , Zhou Xianggui , Gao Yixun , Feng Yancong , Li Hao , Bai Pengfei , Wang Yao , Zhou Guofu
Published: September 2021

The nucleophilic substitution position of amino groups on carbon dots is the best substitution position for long-wavelength red emission.
Guaranteed‐performance consensus tracking for one‐sided Lipschitz non‐linear multi‐agent systems with switching communication topologies
Authors: Quan Wanzhen , Yang Xiaogang , Xi Jianxiang , Wang Le
Published: September 2021

The guaranteed‐performance consensus tracking (GPCT) for non‐linear multi‐agent systems (MASs) with switching communication topologies is presented. Different from the existing work, the non‐linear range of one‐sided Lipschitz non‐linear MASs is wider than the Lipschitz ones, and the upper bound of the tracking performance is given while achieving the consensus tracking. First, a guaranteed‐performance tracking control protocol is proposed, where consensus tracking regulation performance is involved. Then, by the linear matrix inequality (LMI), sufficient conditions are provided to achieve the GPCT under the one‐sided Lipschitz and quadratic inner bounded conditions. It is worth noting that a special LMI structure is directly constructed by introducing these two conditions to simplify the complexity of the derivation. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
A variant of Newton–Raphson method with third‐order convergence for energy flow calculation of the integrated electric power and natural gas system
Authors: Zheng J.H. , Wu C.Q. , Xiahou K.S. , Li Zhigang , Wu Q.H.
Published: September 2021

The energy flow calculation of the integrated electric power and natural gas system (IEGS) is generally tackled by the classical Newton–Raphson (NR) method with second‐order convergence. However, this method may fail to converge or incur oscillating iterations leading to heavy computation burden if the initial point is not selected properly, especially in heterogenous integrated energy systems containing the natural gas system. To handle this problem, a variant of Newton–Raphson method with third‐order convergence is proposed, which needs one function and two derivative evaluations per iteration without increasing the number of derivative evaluations. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, simulation studies are carried out on several different cases for the energy flow calculation of IEGS. Experiment results reveal that the proposed method is superior to the classical Newton–Raphson method and its other variants in terms of computational efficiency.
Network‐adaptive and capacity‐efficient electric vehicle charging site
Authors: Rauma Kalle , Simolin Toni , Järventausta Pertti , Rautiainen Antti , Rehtanz Christian
Published: September 2021

The adaptive charging algorithms of today divide the available charging capacity of a charging site between the electric vehicles without knowing how much current each vehicle draws in reality. Thus, they are not able to detect deviations between the current set point at the charging station and the real charging current. This leads to a situation where the charging capacity of the charging site is not used optimally. This paper presents an algorithm including a novel feature, Expected Characteristic Expectation and tested under realistic circumstances. It is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm enhances the adaptability of the charging site, increasing the efficiency of the used network capacity up to about 2 kWh per charging point per day in comparison with the previous benchmark algorithm. The algorithm is able to increase the average monetary benefits of the charging operators by up to around 5.8%, that is 0.6 € per charging point per day. No input, such as departure time, is required from the user. The proposed algorithm has been tested with real electric vehicles and charging stations and is compatible with the IEC 61851 charging standard. The charging algorithm is applicable in practice as it is described in this paper.
Constraints on the orbital separation distribution and binary fraction of M dwarfs
Authors: Susemiehl Nicholas , Meyer Michael R.
Published: September 2021

Aims. We present a new estimate for the binary fraction (the fraction of stars with a single companion) for M dwarfs using a log-normal fit to the orbital separation distribution.

Methods. We used point estimates of the binary fraction (binary fractions over specific separation and companion mass ratio ranges) from four M dwarf surveys sampling distinct orbital radii to fit a log-normal function to the orbital separation distribution. This model, alongside the companion mass ratio distribution given by Reggiani & Meyer (2013, A&A, 553, A124), is used to calculate the frequency of companions over the ranges of mass ratio (q) and orbital separation (a) over which the referenced surveys were collectively sensitive – [0.60 ≤ q ≤ 1.00] and [0.00 ≤ a ≤ 10 000 AU]. This method was then extrapolated to calculate a binary fraction which encompasses the broader ranges of [0.10 ≤ q ≤ 1.00] and [0.00 ≤ a <  ∞ AU]. Finally, the results of these calculations were compared to the binary fractions of other spectral types.

Results. The binary fraction over the constrained regions of [0.60 ≤ q ≤ 1.00] and [0.00 ≤ a ≤ 10 000 AU] was calculated to be 0.229 ± 0.028. This quantity was then extrapolated over the broader ranges of q (0.10−1.00) and a (0.00 − ∞ AU) and found to be 0.462−0.052+0.057. We used a conversion factor to estimate the multiplicity fraction from the binary fraction and found the multiplicity fraction over the narrow region of [0.60 ≤ q ≤ 1.00] and [0.00 ≤ a ≤ 10 000 AU] to be 0.270 ± 0.111. Lastly, we estimated the multiplicity fractions of FGK, and A stars using the same method (taken over [0.60 ≤ q ≤ 1.00] and [0.00 ≤ a ≤ 10 000 AU]). We find that the multiplicity fractions of M, FGK, and A stars, when considered over common ranges of q and a, are more similar than generally assumed.
Discrete Element Modeling of Aeolian-like Morphologies on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Sachse M. , Kappel D. , Tirsch D. , Otto K. A.
Published: September 2021

Context. Even after the Rosetta mission, some of the mechanical parameters of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s surface material are still not well constrained. They are needed to improve our understanding of cometary activity or for planning sample return procedures.

Aims. We discuss the physical process dominating the formation of aeolian-like surface features in the form of moats and wind taillike bedforms around obstacles and investigate the mechanical and geometrical parameters involved.

Methods. By applying the discrete element method (DEM) in a low-gravity environment, we numerically simulated the dynamics of the surface layer particles and the particle stream involved in the formation of aeolian-like morphological features. The material is composed of polydisperse spherical particles that consist of a mixture of dust and water ice, with interparticle forces given by the Hertz contact model, cohesion, friction, and rolling friction. We determined a working set of parameters that enables simulations to be reasonably realistic and investigated morphological changes when modifying these parameters.

Results. The aeolian-like surface features are reasonably well reproduced using model materials with a tensile strength on the order of 0.1–1 Pa. Stronger materials and obstacles with round shapes impede the formation of a moat and a wind tail. The integrated dust flux required for the formation of moats and wind tails is on the order of 100 kg m−2, which, based on the timescale of morphological changes inferred from Rosetta images, translates to a near-surface particle density on the order of 10−6–10−4 kgm−3.

Conclusions. DEM modeling of the aeolian-like surface features reveals complex formation mechanisms that involve both deposition of ejected material and surface erosion. More numerical work and additional in situ measurements or sample return missions are needed to better investigate mechanical parameters of cometary surface material and to understand the mechanics of cometary activity.
Optimization of phosphogypsum conversion into calcium carbonate and lithium sulfate monohydrate
Authors: Ennaciri Yassine , Bettach Mohammed
Published: September 2021

Phosphogypsum (PG) is an acidic by-product generated during the production of phosphoric acid. Usually this by-product is stockpiled or dumped into water bodies, which causes several environmental pollution problems. The aim of this work is to reduce this environmental risk by producing CaCO3 and Li2SO4.H2O from the conversion of PG by Li2CO3. To optimize the reaction conditions, four parameters have been investigated such as the initial concentration of the reagents, the reaction duration, the temperature and the gypsum purity. In addition, the nature of the resulting products was proved principally by X-ray diffraction technic. The obtained results show that the initial concentration of the reagents and the reaction duration are the most influential parameters, while the temperature has no significance effect on this reaction. Also, the acidity and the presence of impurities into PG induce its reactivity compared than commercial gypsum. The purity of the formed CaCO3 and Li2SO4.H2O at the optimum conversion of PG is 96.08 and 98.71% respectively.
Hierarchical multilevel optimization with multiple-leaders multiple-followers setting and nonseparable objectives
Authors: Zewde Addis Belete , Kassa Semu Mitiku
Published: September 2021

Hierarchical multilevel multi-leader multi-follower problems are non-cooperative decision problems in which multiple decision-makers of equal status in the upper-level and multiple decision-makers of equal status are involved at each of the lower-levels of the hierarchy. Much of solution methods proposed so far on the topic are either model specific which may work only for a particular sub-class of problems or are based on some strong assumptions and only for two level cases. In this paper, we have considered hierarchical multilevel multi-leader multi-follower problems in which the objective functions contain separable and non-separable terms (but the non-separable terms can be written as a factor of two functions, a function which depends on other level decision variables and a function which is common to all objectives across the same level) and shared constraint. We have proposed a solution algorithm to such problems by equivalent reformulation as a hierarchical multilevel problem involving single decision maker at all levels of the hierarchy. Then, we applied a multi-parametric algorithm to solve the resulting single leader single followers problem.
Biedermeier man (Adalbert Stifter on happiness)
Authors: Averkina Svetlana Nikolajevna , Rodina Galina Ivanovna
Published: September 2021

The idea of an era is most often formed after a certain time after its end. This is the case with the Biedermeier era, the significance, and features of which have been appreciated only 50 years after its formal end. The name “man of the Biedermeier era” contains a provocation. The name refers us to the wonderful cultural period – the Renaissance, which formed the idea of “Titan-like personalities” and the greatest achievements. The Biedermeier era is a period of calm and peaceful life after the Napoleonic wars with no particular heroism or scale. The main plot of the works of this period is the search for social balance and personal happiness. However, upon closer examination, one can understand that this modest stage in the history of culture gives rise to a new type of genius who can see “the great in the small” (Adalbert Stifter, 1805-1868). The influence of this concept on the development of German literature can hardly be overestimated. The article deals with the work of the classic Austrian author, artist, and thinker A. Stifter, who is well-known to the German-speaking reader due to the creation of the concept of “the gentle law” (“das sanfte Gesetz”). The Russian reader is less familiar with the classic Austrian writer. This is because some of the codes and hidden meanings of Stifter’s texts significantly differ from the ideas accepted in the Russian cultural world. The purpose of the study is to clarify some of them (the concepts of “happiness” and “gentle law”). The objectives of the research are determined by the need to give a brief description of the Biedermeier era in its national Austrian version and, in particular, in connection with A. Stifter’s work. A hypothesis is put forward about the polystylistic nature of Biedermeier aesthetics, which influences the formation of the literary process in the German-speaking space. The novelty of the study consists in an attempt to look at the significance of the Austrian classic from a Russian perspective. This determines the theoretical framework of the study, built on the methods of comparative studies and conceptual text analysis.
Training in the prevention of emotional stress as a condition of psychological readiness for the profession of a teacher
Authors: Shurygina Olga Vasilevna , Koroleva Olga Petrovna , Lebedeva Marina Vladimirovna , Belyaeva Tatyana Konstantinovna
Published: September 2021

One of the factors that negatively affect psychological readiness for the profession of a teacher is emotional stress. The article examines the definition and approaches to the description of stress, proves the relevance of the problem of teaching students training to become teachers the methods and ways of preventing and correcting stress, improving stress resistance, and preventing emotional burnout in professional activity, the methods of emotional stress prevention are analyzed. The purpose of the article is to study the method of sound therapy (neuroacoustics) and to analyze the effect of a neuroacoustic program in increasing stress resistance in students – future teachers. To test the hypothesis on the influence of neuroacoustic program on the increase of stress tolerance in students training to become teachers, the authors conduct a study using the Perceived Stress Scale by S. Cohen and G. Williamson at the ascertaining and control stages and deploying the developed neuroacoustic program at the formative stage. The conducted study allows to determine and prove that the mastery of neuroacoustic methods increases stress resistance in students training to become teachers. Constant overload, disruptive student behavior, and increased demands are the causes of emotional stress in teachers. The presented method teaches future specialists to cope with stress factors in professional pedagogical activity, allows them to resist emotional and professional burnout, and thereby creates optimal conditions for psychological readiness for the profession of a teacher. The technique can be used in organizations of secondary and higher education.
Research on the Influence of Teaching Leadership on Teaching Quality
Authors: Liu Xiaowei , Chen Liang
Published: September 2021

Teachers’ teaching leadership will afflict the quality of teaching. Governed by the straightforward theory of leadership power, construct the behaviors system of teachers’ teaching leadership. Through the questionnaire survey, we can assess the influence of teachers’ teaching leadership and its behaviors system on the evaluation of curriculum teaching quality. Research demonstrates that teachers’ professional teaching leadership and inspirational teaching leadership have a material effect on instructing quality evaluation. Teachers’ teaching methods and ideological along with honorable behaviors have a sizeable impact on the evaluation of teaching quality.
Experimental Study on Action Learning of Different Visual Teaching Methods in Wushu
Authors: Zhao Qisheng , Xu Yanyan , Liu Yang , Chang Jie
Published: September 2021

Wushu course is a basic content in physical education teaching in colleges and universities. The teaching content of Wushu course is mainly routine teaching. Because Wushu routine is composed of many individual movements, the direction, route, rhythm and body posture are complicated and different from the students’ daily activities and other sports teaching materials, many students feel that Wushu is “difficult to learn” and “forget quickly “. In order to overcome the phenomena of “difficult to teach “,” difficult to learn” and “forget quickly “, we must deeply study the teaching methods in order to improve the teaching effect of martial arts. Demonstration teaching method is the main teaching method used in Wushu teaching, and it is also one of the effective ways to improve the teaching effect of Wushu. As multimedia teaching is more and more used in teaching, demonstration teaching method also has more new teaching methods. [1] This paper analyzes the effect of martial arts teachers in the teaching process through the experimental study of three classes in the martial arts curriculum of physical education major in Dehong Teachers College. In order to study the teaching effect of different intuitive teaching methods in martial arts class.
Marketing Improvement of Chinese Original Picture Books From Dissatisfaction Evaluation - Text Mining Based on LDA Model
Authors: Tang Ziyan , Yuan Wen
Published: September 2021

Chinese original picture books play an important role in inheriting traditional culture and forming cultural identity, which is very important for children. We analyzes the dissatisfaction evaluation of Chinese original picture books by using the topic model of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). It is found that the dissatisfaction of consumers mainly focuses on smell, AR function, preaching, quality, picture, content, painting style and so on. In the future, we should take quality as the bottom line, focus on the content creation, and carry out integrated marketing through social media.
Validation of a translated version of the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) cervical myelopathy score in an Arabic speaking population
Authors: Elnady Belal , Hassan Ahmed Abdelazim A. , Hassan Khaled Mohamed , Ali Hassan Mohamed
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy (DCM) is a growing disorder. Standardization of its assessment tools is an integral part of its management. The modified Japanese orthopedic association (mJOA) score is one of the most commonly used tools. Currently, there is no available Arabic translated version of any cervical myelopathy functional score. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and measure the psychometric properties of an Arabic translated version of the mJOA. Methods: After translation of the score using the standard forward-backward translation procedure, a validation study including 100 patients was carried out from June 2019 to June 2020. The following psychometric properties were measured: feasibility, reliability, internal consistency, validity, minimal clinically important difference (MCID), ceiling, and floor effect. Results: No problems were encountered during the process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the score. The mJOA-AR was found to be a feasible score. It showed high inter-observer reliability (r = 0.833, P < 0.001), test-retest reliability (r = 0.987, P < 0.001) and good internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha (0.777) and Pearson interclass correlation coefficient (r = 0.717). The score showed good convergent and divergent construct validity correlating it to the Arabic validated version of the neck disability index (NDI). The mJOA-AR had an MCID of 1.506. Both the ceiling and floor effects of the total score and the first and second domains were within the acceptable range, while the third and fourth domains had a high ceiling effect (30% and 39%, respectively). Discussion: Our translated version of the mJOA score was found to be a feasible score with acceptable psychometric properties. This score can be utilized as a good outcome measure tool in Arabic-speaking countries.
Caractérisation des évolutions des pratiques professionnelles en éducation thérapeutique du patient lors de l’expérimentation du Plan des maladies neurodégénératives 2015–2019 en Occitanie
Authors: Eglin Isabelle , Crozet Cyril , De la Tribonnière Xavier , Lartiguet Patrick , Llorca Marie Christine , Martin Sandra
Published: September 2021

Introduction : Les pratiques professionnelles ETP évoluent. Lors de l’expérimentation des maladies neurodégénératives (MND) 2015–2019 en Occitanie, l’accompagnement des équipes a reposé sur un environnement mettant à disposition des ressources, en facilitant leur usage dans un processus réflexif devant favoriser le développement individuel et collectif des pratiques. L’objectif de cette étude est de caractériser l’évolution des pratiques professionnelles.Méthode :Dans le cadre de la phase d’évaluation sommative, le choix a été fait d’une méthode quantitative par questionnaire, confronté à des données qualitatives recueillies en amont de l’étude à travers les auto-évaluations annuelles, les grilles de changement et des interviews collectives réalisées auprès des participants.Résultats :Quatre-vingt-sept professionnels ont participé au sein de 17 programmes ETP. 52 % ont répondu à l’étude quantitative. Les professionnels dans leur grande majorité ont développé des compétences confortées par des pratiques d’équipe en évolution.Discussion :Les résultats de l’étude étayent la démarche qualité de l’offre éducative à travers le développement des compétences relationnelles et pédagogiques centrées sur la personne et son entourage.Conclusion :Les équipes se professionnalisent et s’engagent dans une dynamique de recherche d’amélioration d’une offre ETP centrée sur les bénéficiaires. L’intérêt et la satisfaction des équipes vis-à-vis de l’expérimentation porte aussi sur la dynamique de partage et d’échange mis en place tout au long de l’expérience, à travers une communauté de pratique dans un esprit de collaboration, de co-construction et de partenariat.