bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energetic and durable all-polymer aqueous battery for sustainable, flexible power
Authors: Hong Yang , Jia Kangkang , Zhang Yueyu , Li Ziyuan , Jia Junlin , Chen Jing , Liang Qimin , Sun Huarui , Gao Qiang , Zhou Dong , Li Ruhong , Dong Xiaoli , Fan Xiulin , He Sisi
Published: November 2024

All-polymer aqueous batteries, featuring electrodes and electrolytes made entirely from polymers, advance wearable electronics through their processing ease, inherent safety, and sustainability. Challenges persist with the instability of polymer electrode redox products in aqueous environments, which fail to achieve high performance in all-polymer aqueous batteries. Here, we report a polymer-aqueous electrolyte designed to stabilize polymer electrode redox products by modulating the solvation layers and forming a solid-electrolyte interphase. Polyaniline is selected as an example for its dual functionality as a cathode or anode working by p/n doping mechanisms. This approach pioneers the application of polyaniline as an anode and enhances the high-voltage stability of polyaniline cathode in an aqueous electrolyte. The resulting all-polymer aqueous sodium-ion battery with polyaniline as symmetric electrodes exhibits a high capacity of 139 mAh/g, energy density of 153 Wh/kg, and a retention of over 92% after 4800 cycles. Spectroscopic characterizations have elucidated the hydration structure, solid-electrolyte interphase, and dual-ion doping mechanism. Large-scale all-polymer flexible batteries are fabricated with excellent flexibility and recyclability, heralding a paradigmatic approach to sustainable, wearable energy storage.
A bispecific CD40 agonistic antibody allowing for antibody-peptide conjugate formation to enable cancer-specific peptide delivery, resulting in improved T Cell proliferation and anti-tumor immunity in mice
Authors: Mebrahtu Aman , Laurén Ida , Veerman Rosanne , Akpinar Gözde Güclüler , Lord Martin , Kostakis Alexandros , Astorga-Wells Juan , Dahllund Leif , Olsson Anders , Andersson Oscar , Persson Jonathan , Persson Helena , Dönnes Pierre , Rockberg Johan , Mangsbo Sara
Published: November 2024

Current antibody-based immunotherapy depends on tumor antigen shedding for proper T cell priming. Here we select a novel human CD40 agonistic drug candidate and generate a bispecific antibody, herein named BiA9*2_HF, that allows for rapid antibody-peptide conjugate formation. The format is designed to facilitate peptide antigen delivery to CD40 expressing cells combined with simultaneous CD40 agonistic activity. In vivo, the selected bispecific antibody BiA9*2_HF loaded with peptide cargos induces improved antigen-specific proliferation of CD8+ (10-15 fold) and CD4+ T cells (2-7 fold) over control in draining lymph nodes. In both virus-induced and neoantigen-based mouse tumor models, BiA9*2_HF demonstrates therapeutic efficacy and elevated safety profile, with complete tumor clearance, as well as measured abscopal impact on tumor growth. The BiA9*2_HF drug candidate can thus be utilized to tailor immunotherapeutics for cancer patients.
The Reliever Reliance Test: evaluating a new tool to address SABA over-reliance
Authors: Moon Zoe , Kaplan Alan , Mak Vincent , Nannini Luis , Winders Tonya , Chan Amy Hai Yan , Foot Holly , Horne Rob
Published: November 2024

Over-use of SABA is associated with poor asthma control and greater risk of exacerbations and death. Identifying and addressing the beliefs driving SABA over-reliance is key to reducing over-use. This study aimed to assess the utility, impact and acceptability of the Reliever Reliance Test (RRT), a brief patient self-test behaviour-change tool to identify and address SABA over-reliance. Patients with asthma who completed the RRT in Argentina were invited to an online survey exploring the acceptability of the RRT, and its impact on patients’ perceptions of SABA and intention to discuss asthma treatment with a doctor. 93 patients completed the questionnaire. The RRT classified 76/93 (82%) as medium-to-high risk of SABA over-reliance (a mindset where SABA is perceived as the most important aspect of asthma treatment), with 73% of these reporting SABA overuse (3 or more times a week). 75% intended to follow the RRT recommendations to review their asthma treatment with their doctor. The RRT is acceptable to patients and was effective at raising awareness of, identifying and addressing SABA over-reliance and encouraging patients to review their treatment with their doctor.
A reward self-bias leads to more optimal foraging for ourselves than others
Authors: Contreras-Huerta Luis Sebastian , Pisauro M. Andrea , Küchenhoff Svenja , Gekiere Arno , Le Heron Campbell , Lockwood Patricia L. , Apps Matthew A. J.
Published: November 2024

People are self-biased for rewards. We place a higher value on rewards if we receive them than if other people do. However, existing work has ignored one of the most powerful theorems from behavioural ecology of how animals seek resources in everyday life, the Marginal Value Theorem (MVT), which accounts for optimal behaviour for maximising resources intake rate. Does this self-bias help humans maximise rewards when foraging for their own benefit compared to foraging for the benefit of others? Participants had to decide when to leave patches where reward intake was gradually depleting, in environments with different average reward rates. Half of the time participants foraged for themselves, and in the other half they collected rewards for an anonymous stranger. The optimal MVT derived solution states people should leave when the instantaneous reward intake in a patch equals the average rate in an environment. Across two studies, people were more optimal when foraging for self, showing a reduced sensitivity to instantaneous rewards when foraging for other. Autistic traits were linked to reduced sensitivity to reward rates when foraging for self but not for other. These results highlight that the self-bias may be adaptive, helping people maximise reward intake.
A facile and green procedure in preparing dibenzo-chromeno-phenazine-diones using an effectual and recyclable Brønsted acidic ionic liquid
Authors: Hsu Chou-Yi , Abdulkareem Riyadh , Pallathadka Harikumar , Abbot Vikrant , Chahar Mamata , Abduvalieva Dilsora , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Altimari Usama S. , mhussan jabbar Abeer , Zwamel Ahmed Hussein
Published: November 2024

First, a Brønsted acid ionic liquid (BAIL) in the role of a double acid-base called 1,3-n-propyl-bipyridinium bisulfonic acid-ditrifluoroacetate (PBPBSDT) was produced, and its skeleton was determined via TGA, mass, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, 1H NMR and FT-IR data. Further, it was successfully applied in the preparation of dibenzo-chromeno-phenazine-dione derivatives (1a-12a, 9–15 min, 90–98%) via one-pot multicomponent domino reaction among 2 mmol 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione, 1 mmol benzene-1,2-diamine, and 1 mmol aldehydes under optimal conditions (5 mol% of PBPBSDT, solvent-free, 60 °C). The proper reproducibility of the PBPBSDT homogeneous catalyst (5 times), solvent-free medium, reasonable TON (Turnover Number) and TOF (Turnover Frequency) numbers, the non-metallic framework of the catalyst, and the formation of C-N, C = N, C-C, C = C, C-O bonds in a single operation are the distinct advantages of this protocol.
Development of an eco-friendly geopolymer mortar using slag and fly ash with high bentonite content for thermal and environmental applications
Authors: Ebrahim Aya allah M. , Ahmed Doaa A. , Abu-Elwafa Reham
Published: November 2024

The construction industry is exploring the use of low-cost waste materials to create eco-friendly geopolymer mortar binders. Our study aims to develop various environmentally friendly geopolymer mortar mixes for thermal and adsorption applications using natural materials like bentonite and industrial by-products such as ground-granulated blast furnace slag and fly ash. Ternary geopolymer mortar pastes are prepared using equimolar amounts of slag (GBFS) and fly ash (FA), with 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12% weight of bentonite (BC) from the total geopolymer weight to study the bentonite replacement effect. The prepared mortar are tested for their physico-chemical, mechanical, adsorption, and thermal stability properties (300 °C to 900 °C). The adsorption behavior of eco-friendly geopolymer mortar mixes against crystal violet dye in aqueous solutions is also identified. The study found that adding 6% bentonite to the slag/fly ash-based geopolymer mortar mix yielded the highest mechanical characteristics. Moreover, all the ternary geopolymer mortar mixes exhibited excellent thermal stability up to 900 °C. In adsorption study, the results indicated that the mortar mixes had excellent capacities and adhered well to the Freundlich isotherm model, suggesting potential applications in treating wastewater. Using bentonite in slag/fly ash geopolymer mortar offers a sustainable, cost-effective, and heat-resistant alternative to traditional cement binders.
Influence of physical activity on loneliness and depression among the older adults in Nigeria
Authors: Faronbi Joel O. , Ojewale Mariam O. , Faronbi Grace O. , Oladapo Olagbegi M.
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the predictive influence of physical activities (PA) and evaluate the interactive effect of PA and loneliness on depression among older adults in Nigeria. Data was collected from 369 randomly selected older adults and analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression models. The result showed that that the predictors of depression were loneliness (OR = 4.59; p < 0.001), PA High (OR = 2.51; p = 0.008), Age 80–89(OR = 9.63; p < 0.001), education: Secondary (OR = 2.04; 0.049), religion (OR = 0.30; p 0 < 0.001) and living arrangement: Family (OR = 1.87; p = 0.037. The study further showed that there is an interactive effect of PA to reduce the odds of loneliness on depression (OR reduced from 4.59 to 3.40). The study concluded that the predictors of depression in this population are loneliness, physical activity, age, education, and religion while depression and the living arrangements are the predictors of loneliness among older adults.
Analysis of aging effects on the mechanical and vibration properties of quasi-isotropic basalt fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Namrata B , Pai Yogeesha , Nair Vishnu G , Hegde Navya Thirumaleshwar , Pai Deepthi G
Published: November 2024

Eco-friendly natural fiber composites, such as basalt fiber composites, are gaining traction in material science but remain vulnerable to environmental degradation. This study investigates the mechanical and vibrational properties of quasi-isotropic basalt fiber composites subjected to aging in two different environments: ambient (30 ºC) and subzero (-10 ºC), both in distilled water until moisture saturation. Aged specimens absorbed 8.66% and 5.44% moisture in ambient and subzero conditions, respectively. Mechanical testing revealed significant strength reductions in tensile, flexural, impact, and short beam shear tests, with ambient-aged specimens showing the largest decline (up to 31.7% in flexural strength). Vibrational analysis showed reduced natural frequencies, particularly under ambient conditions (27.27%). Sound absorption tests showed that pristine specimens had the highest transmission loss, while moisture-rich ambient-aged specimens had the lowest. SEM analysis confirmed surface degradation, with fiber pull-out and matrix debonding contributing to property loss. This research provides valuable insights into the environmental limitations of basalt fiber composites, emphasizing the need for enhanced durability in eco-friendly materials.
VE-cadherin shedding in vitro and in patients with aortic aneurysm and dissection
Authors: Stammer Paul , Terhorst Inka , Guo Jiangang , Ibrahim Abdulhakim , Oberhuber Alexander , Eierhoff Thorsten
Published: November 2024

VE-cadherin (VEC) is a major endothelial adhesion protein, which controls vascular homeostasis. During vascular diseases, VEC can be shed from the endothelial surface by proteases like ADAM10/17, which cleave the extracellular domain of VEC in response to inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α. The resulting, soluble fragments (sVEC) are discussed as a potential marker for endothelial barrier breakdown. However, its pathologic role or its potential as a specific biomarker for aortic diseases is yet unknown. Here we investigated the specificity and linkage of sVEC production with ADAM10/17 and TNF-α, both in vitro and in patients with aortic aneurysms and dissections, comparing the findings with those from patients with carotid stenosis and varicosis. Thereby, the baseline levels of sVEC, TNF-α, ADAM10 and Albumin was measured in clinical plasma samples and cell culture supernatants of human aortic endothelial cells (HAOEC) treated with TNF-α or ADAM10/17 inhibitors. The integrity of HAOEC monolayers was tested by permeability assays using Alexa488-conjugated dextran (10 kDa). Peripheral EDTA plasma samples taken preoperatively from patients ≥ 18 years of age that were diagnosed for aortic dissection (n = 29), aortic aneurysm (n = 76), carotid stenosis (n = 29) and varicose veins (n = 24) were included. In vitro shedding of VEC was induced by TNF-α and depends on ADAM10/17, which led to altered endothelial permeability. Absolute plasma sVEC levels in patients with aortic dissection (3016 ± 1008 ng/mL) and aneurysm (3288 ± 1376 ng/mL) were not statistically significantly different from patients with carotid stenosis (3013 ± 687.6 ng/mL) and varicose veins (3313 ± 1337 ng/mL). Plasma sVEC levels correlated positively with plasma TNF-α (r = 0.5586, p < 0.0001) and ADAM10 (r = 0.7003, p < 0.0001) levels with the highest degree of correlation between ADAM10 and sVEC for chronic aortic dissection (r = 0.7890, p = 0.0013), reflecting TNF-α and ADAM10 dependency of VEC shedding. In summary, VEC shedding and (plasma) sVEC levels are influenced by TNF-α and ADAM10/17 and could play a relevant role in the specific pathophysiological context of aortic diseases.
Multi-modal representation learning in retinal imaging using self-supervised learning for enhanced clinical predictions
Authors: Sükei Emese , Rumetshofer Elisabeth , Schmidinger Niklas , Mayr Andreas , Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula , Klambauer Günter , Bogunović Hrvoje
Published: November 2024

Self-supervised learning has become the cornerstone of building generalizable and transferable artificial intelligence systems in medical imaging. In particular, contrastive representation learning techniques trained on large multi-modal datasets have demonstrated impressive capabilities of producing highly transferable representations for different downstream tasks. In ophthalmology, large multi-modal datasets are abundantly available and conveniently accessible as modern retinal imaging scanners acquire both 2D fundus images and 3D optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans to assess the eye. In this context, we introduce a novel multi-modal contrastive learning-based pipeline to facilitate learning joint representations for the two retinal imaging modalities. After self-supervised pre-training on 153,306 scan pairs, we show that such a pre-training framework can provide both a retrieval system and encoders that produce comprehensive OCT and fundus image representations that generalize well for various downstream tasks on three independent external datasets, explicitly focusing on clinically pertinent prediction tasks. In addition, we show that interchanging OCT with lower-cost fundus imaging can preserve the predictive power of the trained models.
Assessing the ability of GPT-4o to visually recognize medications and provide patient education
Authors: Bazzari Amjad H. , Bazzari Firas H.
Published: November 2024

Various studies have investigated the ability of ChatGPT (OpenAI) to provide medication information; however, a new promising feature has now been added, which allows visual input and is yet to be evaluated. Here, we aimed to qualitatively assess its ability to visually recognize medications, through medication picture input, and provide patient education via written and visual output. The responses were evaluated by accuracy, precision and clarity using a 4-point Likert-like scale. In regards to handling visual input and providing written responses, GPT-4o was able to recognize all 20 tested medications from packaging pictures, even with blurring, retrieve their active ingredients, identify formulations and dosage forms and provide detailed, yet concise enough, patient education in an almost completely accurate, precise and clear manner with a score of 3.55 ± 0.605 (85%). In contrast, the visual output through GPT-4o generated images illustrating usage instructions contained many errors that would either hinder the effectiveness of the medication or cause direct harm to the patient with a poor score of 1.5 ± 0.577 (16.7%). In conclusion, GPT-4o is capable of identifying medications from pictures and exhibits contrasting patient education performance between written and visual output with very impressive and poor scores, respectively.
Three-dimensional localization and tracking of chromosomal loci throughout the Escherichia coli cell cycle
Authors: Karempudi Praneeth , Gras Konrad , Amselem Elias , Zikrin Spartak , Schirman Dvir , Elf Johan
Published: November 2024

The intracellular position of genes may impact their expression, but it has not been possible to accurately measure the 3D position of chromosomal loci. In 2D, loci can be tracked using arrays of DNA-binding sites for transcription factors (TFs) fused with fluorescent proteins. However, the same 2D data can result from different 3D trajectories. Here, we have developed a deep learning method for super-resolved astigmatism-based 3D localization of chromosomal loci in live E. coli cells which enables a precision better than 61 nm at a signal-to-background ratio of ~4 on a heterogeneous cell background. Determining the spatial localization of chromosomal loci, we find that some loci are at the periphery of the nucleoid for large parts of the cell cycle. Analyses of individual trajectories reveal that these loci are subdiffusive both longitudinally (x) and radially (r), but that individual loci explore the full radial width on a minute time scale.
Synthetic studies on the tetrasubstituted D-ring of cystobactamids lead to potent terephthalic acid antibiotics
Authors: Stappert Moritz , Kohnhäuser Daniel , Seedorf Tim , Coetzee Janetta , Rox Katharina , Fuchs Hazel L. S. , Cirnski Katarina , Leitner Christian , Herrmann Jennifer , Kirschning Andreas , Müller Rolf , Brönstrup Mark
Published: November 2024

Novel scaffolds for broad-spectrum antibiotics are rare and in strong demand because of the increase in antimicrobial resistance. The cystobactamids, discovered from myxobacterial sources, have a unique hexapeptidic scaffold with five arylamides and possess potent, resistance-breaking properties. This study investigates the role of the central D-ring pharmacophore in cystobactamids, a para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) moiety that is additionally substituted by hydroxy and isopropoxy functions. We varied the two oxygenated substituents and replaced both amide connectors with bioisosteres. Synthetic routes were developed that included metal-mediated aromatic functionalization or heterocycle formations, leading to 19 novel analogues. The antibiotic efficacy of all analogues was determined against bacteria from the ESKAPE pathogen panel. While the replacement and the repositioning of hydroxy and isopropoxy substituents was not advantageous, exchanging PABA by terephthalic acid amides led to the highly potent analogue 42 with broad-spectrum activity, insensitivity towards AlbD-mediated degradation and promising pharmacokinetic properties in mice. The study highlights the steep structure-activity relationships in the tetrasubstituted D-ring and a surprisingly favorable reversion of the amide connecting C and D.
Cystic fibrosis sputum media induces an overall loss of antibiotic susceptibility in Mycobacterium abscessus
Authors: Baker Emily J. , Allcott Gemma , Molloy Antonia , Cox Jonathan A. G.
Published: November 2024

Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC) comprises a group of environmental microorganisms, which are a concerning cause of opportunistic respiratory infections in patients with cystic fibrosis or bronchiectasis. Only 45.6% of MABSC treatments are successful, and therefore this is a need to discover new antimicrobials that can treat these pathogens. However, the transferability of outcomes to the clinic is flawed by an inability to accurately represent the lung environment within the laboratory. Herein, we apply two preestablished formulations of sputum media (ACFS and SCFM1) to MABSC antibiotic susceptibility testing. Using conventional broth microdilution, we have observed strain and antibiotic dependent alterations in antimicrobial sensitivity in each sputum media compared standard laboratory media (7H9), with an overall reduction in susceptibility within the physiologically relevant conditions. We provide a timely contribution to the field of M. abscessus antibiotic discovery by emphasising the need for improved physiological relevance.
Synthesis of a Zn-MOF fluorescent material for sensitive detection of biothiols via an inner filter effect with MnO2 nanosheets
Authors: Lin Jianwei , Lin Aizhu , Lai Limin , Chen Jing , Chen Jinghua , Han Zhizhong
Published: November 2024

Zn-MOFs with good fluorescence were synthesized via a solvothermal method. MnO2 nanosheets served as an efficient fluorescence quencher through IFE. Therefore, a fluorescence biosensor based on Zn-MOFs was developed for the detection of biothiols.
New perspective on central nervous system disorders: focus on mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Lai Huaqing , Fan Pinglong , Wang Huiqin , Wang Zhenzhen , Chen Naihong
Published: November 2024

The application and development of MSI technology in CNS diseases in recent years were reviewed, and the prospect of MSI technology in CNS diseases was prospected.
Carboxylative cyclization of atmospheric CO2 with alkynol catalyzed by a 1-methylhydantoin anion-functionalized ionic liquid via chelative interactions
Authors: Guo Yujun , Chen Tingting , Xu Yingjie
Published: November 2024

[1-MHy]− acts as a “pincer ligand” to form chelative interactions with –OH to enhance MBY activation, thus ensuring efficient [P4442][1-MHy]-catalyzed reaction of atmospheric pressure CO2 with MBY under metal- and solvent-free conditions.
Synthesis of battery-grade FePO4·2H2O using high-pressure hydrolyzed precipitates of cobalt–iron alloy acid solution
Authors: Du Xuan , Wang Zhanhong , Zheng Bin , Shi Shanlin , Xu Wei , Wang Shuo , Shi Peng , Zhou Tao , Gao Guo
Published: November 2024

Battery-grade FePO4·2H2O with a high Fe/P ratio was prepared using high-pressure hydrolyzed precipitates. The significance of the current work is that the developed method is helpful for the resource utilization of solid waste containing iron.
Recent progress of buried interface in high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Du Bin , Ma Jintao , Xiang Hongkun , Wang Yanlong , Li Bixin
Published: November 2024

Recent advances in the development of multiple classes of materials applied to buried interface engineering for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells, including the development of organic, inorganic, and polymeric materials.
Direct alkene functionalization via photocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer from C(sp3)–H compounds: a route to pharmaceutically important molecules
Authors: Fan Hangqian , Fang Yuxin , Yu Jingbo
Published: November 2024

Direct functionalization of alkenes with C(sp3)–H substrates offers unique opportunities for the rapid construction of pharmaceuticals and natural products.
Particle swarm optimization for a variational quantum eigensolver
Authors: Mei Hao , Zhao Jianyu , Li Qing-Song , Chen Zhao-Yun , Zhang Jing-Jing , Wang Qingchun , Wu Yu-Chun , Guo Guo-Ping
Published: November 2024

GAQPSO algorithm finds optimal parameters on quantum circuit for VQE simulation.
Improved perovskite crystallization by antisolvent engineering in tin-perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Zhang Xin , Liu Yu , Chen Xinyao , Zhang Chunqian , Wang Jigang , Cheng Jin , Li Junming
Published: November 2024

By adding an appropriate proportion of DMS to the anti-solvent, the DMSO remaining in the tin-based perovskite films can be effectively extracted, resulting in films with better crystallography, and the devices have lower trap densities.
Structure of Bi2Rh3Se2 above and below charge density wave transition determined by Bi Lα and Lγ X-ray fluorescence holography
Authors: Zhang Zhiyan , Eguchi Ritsuko , Sekhar Halubai , Kimura Koji , Happo Naohisa , Yamamoto Yuki , Utsumi Masaki , Goto Hidenori , Hayashi Koichi , Kubozono Yoshihiro
Published: November 2024

Determination of the atomic locations of Bi2Rh3Se2 at 300 and 200 K using X-ray fluorescence holography.
Magnetic stability, Fermi surface topology, and spin-correlated dielectric response in monolayer 1T-CrTe2
Authors: Elrashidy Ahmed , Yan Jia-An
Published: November 2024

Density-functional calculations reveal that the spin density wave (SDW) order leads to distinct hole and electron Fermi pockets and a pronounced optical anisotropy in monolayer 1T-CrTe2.
Polarization-resolved resonant Raman excitation of surface and bulk electronic bands and phonons in MBE-grown topological insulator thin films
Authors: Kumar N. , Ishchenko D. V. , Milekhin I. A. , Yunin P. A. , Kyrova E. D. , Korsakov A. V. , Tereshchenko O. E.
Published: November 2024

Interaction of phonons with Dirac-like electronic states sets the fundamental limit of electron transport in topological insulators (TIs).
Effects of zeolite porosity and acidity on catalytic conversion of carbohydrates to bio-based chemicals: a review
Authors: Chu Deyu , Ma Jinjing , Liu Qishun , Fu Jie , Yin Heng
Published: November 2024

Optimizing the production process of high value-added chemicals derived from renewable biomass holds immense promise for clean energy utilization and environmental sustainability.
Influence of weakly coordinating anions binding to the hexa-tert-butyl dysprosocenium cation
Authors: Corner Sophie C. , Gransbury Gemma K. , Mills David P.
Published: November 2024

We present the synthesis and characterisation of two dysprosium metallocene complexes with bound weakly coordinating anions. Despite their similarity these complexes exhibit vastly different effective energy barriers to magnetic reversal.
Superhydrophobic and robust hetero-metal-polymer hybrid interphase enables deep-cycling zinc metal anodes
Authors: Liu Mengyu , Yuan Wentao , Qu Xinghan , Ru Xianghao , Li Xiaotong , Wang Tingxuan , Wang Xinke , Wang Yuanyuan , Liu Yongchang , Zhang Ning
Published: November 2024

In situ integration of superhydrophobic and robust hetero-metal-polymer hybrid interphases can simultaneously address the dendrite growth and water erosion issues faced by Zn metal anodes.
Preparation and characterization of white shrimp hydrolysate–xylooligosaccharide Maillard products and their in vivo promotive effects of zinc absorption in mice
Authors: Dou Shijie , Yu Xuening , Xu Yuewen , Liu Xiaoyang , Yin Fawen , Li Deyang , Zhou Dayong
Published: November 2024

The Maillard reaction products, as a kind of glycosylation-based reaction, possess the metal-chelating ability.
Biological production and simulated moving bed purification of streptothricin F from food waste digestate
Authors: Zhou Xiaofang , Li Peiyi , Sun Yuchen , Zhang Zeyang , Yao Chuanyi , Li Qingbiao , Wang Yuanpeng
Published: November 2024

Globally, a significant amount of food waste is generated annually, representing a considerable potential resource.
Tailored peptide nanomaterials for receptor targeted prostate cancer imaging
Authors: Santillán Fátima , Charron Carlie L. , Galarreta Betty C. , Luyt Leonard G.
Published: November 2024

This study reports on a cancer targeted nanomaterial created from cyclic octapeptides that is tailored for the optical imaging of prostate cancer. The strategy focuses on the co-assembly of four specific templates into cyclic peptide nanotubes.
Controlling TiO2 photocatalytic behaviour via perhydropolysilazane-derived SiO2 ultrathin shell
Authors: Burak Darya , Han Jae Hyun , Han Joon Soo , Kim In Soo , Rahman Md Abdur , Yang Joel K. W. , Cho So-Hye
Published: November 2024

PHPS was transformed via TiO2 photocatalytic properties into ultrathin SiO2 shells, passivating TiO2 activity while retaining its whiteness and high refractive index—perfect for cosmetics, paints, and optical coatings.
Increase of spatiotemporal resolution and reproducible layer thicknesses in cationic vat photopolymerization
Authors: Goldbach Emile , Allonas Xavier , Ley Christian , Halbardier Lucile , Croutxé-Barghorn Céline
Published: November 2024

Pyridines allow a good control of the cationic photopolymerization of epoxies.
Enantioselective addition of 3-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one to isatin and pyrazole-4,5-dione derived ketimines
Authors: Wei Yue , Bai Guishun , Wu Jiamin , Hua Yi , Zhang Tao , Yue Congyong , Wang Hong , Bao Xiaoze
Published: November 2024

An enantioselective addition of 3-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones with ketimines afforded adducts featuring multiple natural product scaffolds in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities.
Carbonate weakens the interactions between potassium and calcareous soil
Authors: Du Wei , Wang Shifeng , Yang Yizhe , Xu Chenyang , Hu Feinan , Ding Wuquan , Lv Jialong
Published: November 2024

Adsorption energies of K+ in carbonate-removed (CREM) and carbonate-reserved (CRES) calcareous soil.
Macroporous chitosan/alginate hydrogels crosslinked with genipin accumulate and retain glioblastoma cancer cells
Authors: Parès Lauriane , Naasri Sahar , Delattre Lisa , Therriault Hélène , Liberelle Benoît , De Crescenzo Gregory , Lauzon Marc-Antoine , Faucheux Nathalie , Paquette Benoit , Virgilio Nick
Published: November 2024

This work demonstrates how macroporous hydrogels can be prepared with porous polylactide molds, and homogeneous solutions of sodium alginate and chitosan crosslinked with genipin, in order to accumulate glioblastoma cancer cells.
Probing intrinsic defects of aluminium-doped CuO thin films for solar cell applications
Authors: Prakash Adithya , Mishra Vikash , M. G. Mahesha
Published: November 2024

Defect-engineered Al-doped CuO thin films deposited via chemical spray pyrolysis find application in solar cell absorbers.
Allosteric release of cucurbit[6]uril from a rotaxane using a molecular signal
Authors: Závodná Aneta , Janovský Petr , Kolařík Václav , Ward Jas S. , Prucková Zdeňka , Rouchal Michal , Rissanen Kari , Vícha Robert
Published: November 2024

Repulsions between portals of cucurbit[n]urils are sufficiently strong to unlock the rotaxane structure.
Best-of-both-worlds computational approaches to difficult-to-model dissociation reactions on metal surfaces
Authors: Kroes Geert-Jan , Meyer Jörg
Published: November 2024

To achieve chemical accuracy methods for dissociative chemisorption on metals must use adjustable hybrid density functionals fitted to barriers computed with first principles methods, and dynamics methods accurately describing non-adiabatic effects.
Noncentrosymmetric tellurite halides created by a depolymerization strategy: toward strong SHG intensity and wide bandgap
Authors: Zhou Dan-Dan , Hu Chun-Li , Zhang Xin-Wei , Mao Jiang-Gao , Kong Fang
Published: November 2024

Successful synthesis of centrosymmetric Ga(Te3O7)Br and non-centrosymmetric M2(OH)(TeO3)(Te2O5)X (M = Al, Ga; X = Br, Cl) using a depolymerization strategy.
Hyperstable alkenes: are they remarkably unreactive?
Authors: Summersgill Matthew D. , Gahan Lawrence R. , Chow Sharon , Pierens Gregory K. , Bernhardt Paul V. , Krenske Elizabeth H. , Williams Craig M.
Published: November 2024

Maier and Schleyer first identified in silico that certain cage bicyclic olefins (alkenes) as “hyperstable”, and predicted them to be “remarkably unreactive”. However, this only applies to hydrogenation, as they were observed to undergo oxidation.
In situ Pt single-atom trapping on TiO2 nanotubes via ultrasonication: a one-pot approach to produce active electrodes for electrocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Hejazi Sina , Pour-Ali Sadegh , Kosari Ali , Farahbakhsh Nastaran , Killian Manuela S. , Mohajernia Shiva
Published: November 2024

In the present study, we demonstrate a straightforward sonochemical approach for in situ defect formation and Pt single-atoms (SAs) decoration of anodic TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs).
Active nematic coherence probed under spatial patterns of distributed activity
Authors: Vélez-Cerón Ignasi , Ignés-Mullol Jordi , Sagués Francesc
Published: November 2024

We study the effect of spatiotemporal activity patterns on a kinesin-microtubule active nematic system that is formulated with photodimerizable kinesins. The system reversibly alternates between low (no light) and high (blue light) activity states.
Enhanced indoor photovoltaic efficiency of 40% in dye-sensitized solar cells using cocktail starburst triphenylamine dyes and dual-species copper electrolyte
Authors: Jebin Paravakkal R. , George Andrew Simon , Mishra Rakesh K. , John Jubi , Soman Suraj
Published: November 2024

Marriage of starburst triphenylamine dye cocktails with dual-species copper(ii/i) electrolyte enable dye-sensitized solar cells with 40% efficiency under indoor lighting.
A solid-state electrolyte based on electrochemically active LiMn2O4 for lithium metal batteries
Authors: Du Jingzhen , Chen Zhichao , Peng Bohao , Sun Zewen , Wu Wenzhuo , Zhou Qi , Xia Shuang , Liu Lili , Fu Lijun , Chen Yuhui , Wang Tao , Wu Yuping
Published: November 2024

Developed through a simple preparation method, a low-cost, flexible solid-state electrolyte based on electrochemically active LiMn2O4 exhibits excellent interfacial stability with both lithium metal anodes and LiFePO4 cathodes.
Novel polar oxides with exceptional pyroelectric performance: doping-induced polar transition in Ba6Pb3.2(PO4)6Cl2
Authors: Zhang Duo , Sun Ruijin , Liu Zhaolong , Li Haodong , Hao Munan , Ma Yuxin , Ma Ke , Meng Dezhong , Zheng Zhiyuan , Xu Yibo , Chen Xu , Fang Qiu , Wang Xuefeng , Dai Linjie , Zhao Changchun , Jin Shifeng
Published: November 2024

We have successfully achieved the nonpolar-polar transition to a polar junction in apatite materials by using size-differentiated atomic substitution to induce spontaneous polarization, and prepared a material with excellent pyroelectric properties.
Ultra-low loadings of gold nanoparticles significantly boost capacitive energy storage of multilayer polymer composites
Authors: Qian Yihui , Du Houmeng , Lei Li , Xia Shuimiao , Li Yuchao , Dastan Davoud , Shi Zhicheng
Published: November 2024

The multilayer film with merely 0.0156 vol% gold nanoparticles exhibits a significantly enhanced energy density of 13.816 J cm−3 and a high efficiency of 64.7%.
Modification of mixed-halide quasi-2D perovskites by aminophylline towards efficient and spectrally stable blue light-emitting diodes with low efficiency roll-off
Authors: Duan Xingxing , Yu Bufan , Jin Guangrong , Zhang Dengliang , Chen Jiangshan , Ma Dongge
Published: November 2024

Aminophylline modification enables mixed-halide blue quasi-2D perovskite LEDs to achieve low efficiency roll-off and excellent spectral stability.
Correction: Stimuli-responsive chiral aggregation-induced emission luminogens and their circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Liang Junhao , Fu Shiwei , Wu Qi , Wang Pengbo , Liu Xiaoqing , Wang Lei , Liu Yi
Published: November 2024

Correction for ‘Stimuli-responsive chiral aggregation-induced emission luminogens and their circularly polarized luminescence’ by Junhao Liang et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc03259d.
Multi‐operating characteristic analysis and loss optimization of novel large capacity high‐speed permanent magnet generator
Authors: Ye Bitian , Xie Ying , Cai Wei , Jin Huiyong , Sun Yutian , Bai Jing
Published: November 2024

Recently, the development trend of large capacity generator has gradually shifted from electrical excitation generator to permanent magnet generator (PMG). As a result, the large capacity high‐speed permanent magnet generator (HSPMG) with high power density and high efficiency have received widespread attention. This paper aims to analyse the loss optimization of novel large capacity HSPMG under multi‐operating conditions. In terms of the parameter requirements, a 2.5 MW and 7000 rpm HSPMG is designed. To verify the accuracy of simulation model and the rationality of generator design, the output characteristics of large capacity HSPMG which has been combined with prototype experimental data are calculated under both no‐load and load conditions. Based on the load power characteristics of large capacity HSPMG, the optimization range of the magnetization angle under multi‐operating conditions is explored. By analysing the no‐load back electromotive force (EMF) and loss characteristics of large capacity HSPMG, the optimal magnetization angle that corresponds to the minimum loss under three conditions is obtained. The correctness of the analysis and optimization method is verified by comparing the loss distribution and electromagnetic results before and after the optimization. The research results provide a reference for the multi‐operating characteristics analysis and loss optimization of large capacity HSPMG.
A generalized method of power oscillation characteristic analysis for multi‐VSC grid‐connected system
Authors: Xu Yonghai , Qin Benshuang , Jia Jiaoxin , Shan Aobo , Chen Yidan , Yingxin Wang
Published: November 2024

The grid‐connection of high‐permeability new energy through voltage‐source converters (VSCs) brings new oscillation risks to the power system, which seriously threatens the stable operation of the system. Therefore, an evaluating method based on modal analysis is proposed to investigate the power oscillation characteristics in a multi‐VSC grid‐connected system. Initially, based on the analogy method, the output admittance model of voltage‐source controlled VSCs (VC‐VSCs) and current‐source controlled VSCs (CC‐VSCs) is established. Subsequently, the output admittance model of a multi‐VSC grid‐connected system is constructed. Then, the modal analysis method is introduced to investigate the power oscillation characteristics of VC‐VSCs and CC‐VSCs, and the influence factors of power oscillation and its variation law are analysed. Next, a sensitivity analysis is also employed, which helps to identify the origin of each oscillation mode and determine the contribution of each component to the power oscillation. Finally, simulation and experiment are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the above analysis method.
Piezoelectric deicing system for aeronautics: Extensional mode actuator and power supply
Authors: Jomaa Modar , Lévy Pierre‐Etienne , Vasic Dejan , Costa François , Ali Marwan
Published: November 2024

Recent research shows a growing interest in low‐power avionic deicing systems, in particular, those based on piezoelectric actuators for their energy efficiency. The system generates micrometric vibrations in the structure to delaminate and break the ice with a low power requirement. However, designing the power supply and its control for driving piezoelectric actuators is challenging due to their distinctive capacitive behavior at most frequencies, especially in deicing applications requiring high operational frequency. This contribution addresses the two cross‐dependent parts of the deicing system, that is the piezoelectric actuator designed for breaking any kind of ice on a large area and its power supply made of a 1 kW/200 V/2 MHz auxiliary resonant commutated pole inverter (ARCPI). The choice of this converter is based on the specific constraints of the application, such as varying the operating frequency with the actuator working conditions, the long cables and necessary insulation between the actuator and its supply, the soft‐switching operation and reactive energy balancing for a good efficiency. Based on these criteria, the converter was developed and realized in the laboratory. Deicing tests confirmed effective operation with a power input density of 122 mW/cm2, using nine piezoelectric patches per dm2.
Characterisation and synchronisation of a netted software defined radio radar
Authors: Valdes Crespi Ferran , Slavov Angel , Weiß Matthias , Knott Peter , O’Hagan Daniel
Published: November 2024

The present work intends to characterise the combination of two netted software defined radios (SDR) and different radio frequency (RF) front‐ends installed in them, together with a two‐stratum time dissemination and synchronisation system. A modified implementation of the Network Time Protocol is used as coarse event synchronisation for either SDR back‐end. The White rabbit light embedded node implementation of the commonly known white rabbit synchronisation system (IEEE 1588 PTP‐2019) or arbitrary wave form generators are used as fine time dissemination system for either SDR. The resulting netted transceiver system is intended to compose a demonstrator for proof‐of‐concept experiments. The findings presented in this article show that the chosen combination of hardware and software is suitable for radar applications operating within L‐, S‐ and C‐bands. A channel coherency throughout the network with a relative modified Allan deviation of less than 80 fs for averaging intervals of 1 s, a phase noise better than −118 dBc/Hz at 10 Hz frequency offset and a fractional frequency lower than was measured. Within a single transceiver node, a fractional frequency lower than and phase noise of −124 dBc/Hz at 10 Hz frequency offset were measured as well. Multistatic radar systems exploit wide spatial diversity to enhance target detection and tracking, albeit with increased complexity when compared to a monostatic configuration. To exploit these benefits, all participating transceiver nodes within the netted radar need to synchronise to a common time base . The achieved synchronisation level increases the accuracy with which the chain of timed events at the transmitter and at the receiver side occur, intending to maximise the signal‐to‐noise ratio available at the receiver. The Universal software radio peripheral model X310 with two different daughterboard models as RF front‐end was used as SDR on either radar node. A network combining data and synchronisation purposes allowed the radar nodes under test to operate synchronously. The two‐stratum synchronisation system used glass fibres between 2 m and 5 km of length or coaxial cables with 2 m in length for network traffic, time and frequency dissemination purposes. The multiple RF front‐ends were stimulated by means of arbitrary waveform generators with calibrated traceability. Up‐chirp and sinusoid waveforms were used as stimuli for measuring the offset of either channel with regards of to ultimately estimate the achievable coherency limits of the system under test. Both analogue and digital evaluation methods were considered.
Short‐term energy forecasting using deep neural networks: Prospects and challenges
Authors: Tsegaye Shewit , Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban , Tjernberg Lina Bertling , Fante Kinde Anlay
Published: November 2024

This study presents an in‐depth overview of deep neural networks (DNN) and their hybrid applications for short‐term energy forecasting (STEF). It examines DNN‐based STEF from three perspectives: basics, challenges, and prospects. The study compares recent literature using metrics like mean absolute error (MAE), mean average percentage error (MAPE), and root mean square error (RMSE). Findings indicate that combining automated data‐driven models with enhanced DNNs effectively addresses forecasting challenges. It also highlights the role of DNNs in integrating energy prosumers, renewable energy systems, microgrids, big data, and smart grids to improve STEF.
Searching for similarities in the accretion flow of Seyfert 1 galaxies and cataclysmic variables based on the flare profiles of IRAS 13224–3809, 1H 0707–495, Mrk 766, and MV Lyr
Authors: Dobrotka A. , Negoro H. , Bezák P.
Published: November 2024

Aims. We studied the fast variability of three selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs), IRAS 13224−3809, 1H 0707−495, and Mrk 766, and the cataclysmic variable MV Lyr, which were observed by the XMM-Newton and Kepler spacecrafts, respectively. Our goal is to search for the common origin of the variability and to test the so-called sandwich model, in which a geometrically thick corona surrounds a geometrically thin disc.

Context. We studied the substructures of the averaged flare profiles. The flare profile method identifies individual flares in the light curve, and averages them. The direct fitting of the profile substructures identified individual characteristic frequencies that are seen in standard power density spectra (PDS) as a break frequency or quasi-periodic oscillation. The credibility of the flare profile substructures is demonstrated by comparison with the autocorrelation function.

Results. We found that the flare profiles of AGNs are similar to those of a cataclysmic variable in the low state. We explain this as a consequence of a truncated inner disc in a sandwich model. The same scenario is also able to explain the characteristic break frequencies in X-ray PDS, which are not seen in the optical. We also searched for substructures in the flare profile of IRAS 13224−3809. In addition to a permanently present main flare, we found that a transient side-lobe appears before the main flare and is only seen in a high-flux period. The complex flare profile of this AGN suggests that an additional source of X-rays appears during the high-flux period. We propose a scenario in which an accretion flow fluctuation enters the sandwich corona and propagates further to some very central part of the accretion disc.
High stability of charged particle clusters in protoplanetary disks
Authors: Schwaak J. , Führer F. , Wolf D. E. , Posorski L. , Brendel L. , Teiser J. , Wurm G.
Published: November 2024

Context. The initial particle growth in protoplanetary disks is limited by a bouncing barrier at submillimeter wavelengths. Bouncing leads to tribocharging and the electrostatic attraction of tribocharged aggregates may eventually draw them into large clusters. A charge- mediated growth phase allows for the formation of larger entities, namely, clusters of aggregates that are more prone to further particle concentrations, such as the streaming instability.

Aims. We aim to quantify the strength of the electrostatic forces.

Methods. In laboratory experiments, we used an acoustic trap to levitate small aggregates of tribocharged submm grains. These aggregates spin up within the trap until they lose grains. Thus, we used the centrifugal force as a measure of the local force.

Results. Grains are regularly bound strongly to their neighbors. In comparison, the force at ejection can be stronger than the attractive scattering forces of the trap and can therefore be several orders of magnitude larger than expected. We note that these forces are long- ranging, compared to van der Waals forces. Thus, charged aggregates are much more stable than uncharged ones.

Conclusions. Particle aggregates in disks might grow to centimeter clusters or larger as tribocharging increases the effective binding forces. This allows for hydrodynamic concentration and planetesimal formation to eventually take place throughout a wide part of the disk.