bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gränsöverskridande kontexter: Om en metodologi bortom nationella tolkningsramar
Authors: Hjorthén Adam
Published: April 2022

This chapter deals with contextualization when writing cross-border history, and the relation between contextualization and methodological nationalism. Grounded in the author’s own research on twentieth-century commemorations of Swedish settlement in North America, and the experience of rewriting a Swedish dissertation into a book published in the United States, the chapter addresses questions relating both to the researching and writing of history. The “transnational turn” has highlighted the need to consider contextualization as an integral aspect of historical interpretation. What contexts that are selected and given explanatory value is central to the history that researchers choose to convey. If we wish to move beyond national frameworks of interpretations—for example, by giving primacy to national contexts—it is important to be mindful of how we contextualize. The chapter argues for the benefit of an actor-centered approach to transnational history, and for the active use of contextualization as an analytical tool, where contexts are “weaved” in and out of the study. Beyond the empirical investigation and interpretative operation, the search for new empirical leads and new interpretative contexts is also associated with one's own intellectual and spatial mobility. The writing of transnational history does not only entail studying a research object that crosses borders; it can also mean that the researcher, on some level, likewise will have to act and work across borders. A further aspect of this is to consider what contexts that may be of relevance as you seek to make your results and narratives comprehensible to heterogenous audiences.
Exil, eller att kontextualisera utifrån cirkulation
Authors: Enquist Källgren Karolina
Published: April 2022

The chapter discusses what it means to contextualize when the focus lies on the circulation of ideas and things. It is argued that one main question concerns the relationship between the local meaning of for example ideas and their transformation as they move through space and time. It is suggested that a focus on circulation entails the study of how ideas change meaning or gain a deepened meaning as they circulate, and in some cases how processes of circulation produce new ideas. In the chapter, the exile of the Spanish author María Zambrano is used as an example to delineate how different approaches to contextualization through circulation may lead to somewhat different results. The chapter also discusses different arenas in which knowledge circulates. It mentions networks and extended friendship relations, institutions of knowledge such as universities and elementary schools and sometimes courts as well as different kinds of medias through which knowledge is diffused and sometimes produced. As a conclusion the chapter discusses what kind of questions regarding theoretical outlook and material that might motivate the choice between approaches or a specific focus on one or other arena of knowledge circulation.
Experimental study of transient thermal conditions in longwall faces
Authors: Perestoronin M. P. , Zaitsev A. V. , Semin M. A. , Borodavkin D. A.
Published: April 2022

With limited mineral resources, existing mines are seeking to extract increasingly hard-to-reach and deep-seated mineral reserves. Increasing mining depth leads to problems connected with the provision of comfortable and safe working conditions. The main objective of creating favorable microclimate for miners is to provide acceptable values of air temperature in working areas at deep levels. Of particular interest are processes of formation of thermal conditions in longwall faces (longwalls), where high-performance hauling and mining equipment is used. We conducted a study to determine the formation of the thermal conditions in longwall faces. The study was based on experimental data obtained in the conditions of longwall face No. 1 of the ﬁrst northern panel at the –440 m level of 4 RU mine of JSC “Belaruskali”. The ﬁndings of the experimental study of the dynamic microclimatic air parameters allowed us to establish that the thermal conditions in longwall faces were variable. This is due to the fact that during mining operations in longwall faces, the mining process cycle includes mining and maintenance shifts, characterized by different levels of heat release. The inﬂuence of thermal inertia of the equipment during shutdown for the maintenance shift plays an important role in the formation of thermal conditions. The ﬁndings of the experimental study of transient thermal modes in a longwall face during transition from mining shifts to maintenance shifts will form a basis for developing a mathematical model to calculate the heat exchange processes in mine workings (longwall faces). These will take into account the non-stationary nature of the technogenic heat release sources. The mathematical model will allow the safest and most effective technical and economic process solutions to be implemented, in order to control longwall face ventilation.
Analysis of mechanized tunneling parameters to determine the overcutting characteristics
Authors: Konyukhov D. S.
Published: April 2022

Tunneling in urban conditions requires costly measures, in order to ensure the safety of existing buildings. On average, there are up to 17–20 buildings per 1 km of Moscow Subway Lines under construction. Analysis and comparison of geotechnical monitoring data and results of geotechnical estimations for underground construction using cut-and-cover and tunneling methods in conditions of high-density urban area shows an unsatisfactory correlation between estimated and actual data. This can be described in the following way: insufﬁcient geotechnical survey data; discrepancy between the accepted estimation model and the actual behavior of soil under load; insufﬁcient qualiﬁcation of the construction workers; and overcutting. The study was aimed at solving the urgent scientiﬁc and engineering problem of determining the characteristics of overcutting during mechanized tunnel boring. At the ﬁrst stage, the investigations were aimed at identifying the key reasons and factors which determine the quantitative parameters of overcutting in urban underground construction by tunneling. These factors include the following: mismatch between the cutting diameter and the outer lining diameter; displacement of the soil mass in front of the face; incomplete grouting of voids beyond the lining; incomplete ﬁlling of beyond-shield voids with clay mortar or slow-curing grouting mortar or no ﬁlling at all; and human factor (low qualiﬁcations of personnel). The overcutting coefﬁcient was determined on the basis of the proposed empirical dependence of its values with regard to the depth of tunneling. The experimental data allowed the depth dependence of the overcutting coefﬁcient for different tunneling depths to be deﬁned, as well as for tunnel diameters from 4 to 10 meters in the case of mechanized tunnel boring machine (TBM) using the earth pressure balanced tunneling method. The practical importance of the studies consists in determining the range of the empirical overcutting coefﬁcient variation from 0.5 % (for TBMs with nominal diameter of 10 m) up to 5 % (for TBMs with nominal diameter of 4 m). The development of organizational measures and justiﬁcation of process solutions, aimed at ensuring the safety of the existing buildings in conjunction with the scientiﬁc and technical support of underground construction has led to a shortening of tunneling time between the Okskaya and Nizhegorodskaya stations of Nekrasovskaya Line of Moscow Subway by about six months. It has also provided savings of about 2.5 billion rubles.
Evaluation of the efficiency and environmental impact (on subsoil and groundwater) of underground block leaching (UBL) of metals from ores
Authors: Lyashenko V. I. , Golik V. I. , Klyuev R. V.
Published: April 2022

One of the most problematic aspects of underground block leaching (UBL) of metals from ores is the possibility of pollution of water and air in the affected zone. Therefore, proving the possibility of mitigating environmental impact of metal leaching from ores by managing production processes with the implementation of nature- and resource-saving technologies is an important objective. The purpose of this study is to justify underground development effectiveness of ore deposits by traditional and integrated methods with leaching of metals from substandard and off-balance ores. This will allow the raw material base for extraction of metals from off-balance ores to be expanded and the environmental impact on subsoil and groundwater (hydrogeological systems) to be mitigated. A distinctive feature of a UBL (underground site for leaching of metals from shrunk ores) is that leaching solutions are supplied from sorption column placed in mining workings of the leaching level in the immediate vicinity of the extracting block. The pregnant solutions in the form of resin are discharged from the sorption column, placed in the leaching level mine workings, then winded in mine cars and further supplied to hydrometallurgical plant in tanks. A still rare attempt to justify the efﬁciency and environmental safety of underground metal leaching (UBL) from off-balance and substandard rock ores in installations mounted in mine workings, on the basis of monitoring and evaluation of subsoil and groundwater conditions was investigated. The average value of uranium concentration by level was established: 210 m – 3.6 mg/L; 225 m – 3.58 mg/L; 280 m – 0.91 mg/L. At the same time no contamination of underground mine waters was detected. Levels of sulfuric acid aerosols and radon decomposition products did not exceed the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) values. It is recommended that the hydrogeological environment be protected through silting the bottom of the stope for collection of pregnant solutions with clay mud and construct semi-active water-permeable chemically active barriers. The mentioned BIL process was implemented during the development of pilot block 5-86 and recommended for blocks 5-84-86 and 5-88-90 of Michurinskoye deposit of SE VostGOK, Ukraine, as well as during for development of ore deposits in Russia, Kazakhstan, and other developed mining countries.
Improvement of the electric energy quality in underground electric networks in highly productive coal mines
Authors: Plashchansky L. A. , Reshetnyak S. N. , Reshetnyak M. Y.
Published: April 2022

One of the main factors for the effective functioning of the power supply system in highly productive coal mines is the uninterrupted power supply of underground consumers for the entire process cycle at sufﬁcient amount of electric energy at a high level of quality and performance. The analysis of electric energy consumption in highly productive coal mine has shown that about 57 % of electric energy consumers are located in underground workings. Consumers can be divided into the following areas of basic technological process of coal production: production areas (13 %); conveyor transport areas (13 %); preparation areas (8 %), and areas of auxiliary processes of coal production: mine drainage (23 %). The increase in the share of controlled-velocity electric drives in the total power balance of fully-mechanized longwalls leads to factors previously atypical of underground power networks. Such factors include changes to the harmonic composition of the network, arising higher current and voltage harmonics, affecting the supplying network and causing heating of electrical equipment, power and electric energy losses. Therefore, the most pressing issues are to improve electric energy quality in underground electric networks of highly productive coal mines. The study has developed a technique for experimental investigations of quality indicators of electric energy (presented in the form of algorithm) in respect to speciﬁc conditions of highly productive coal mines. These include dangerous facilities in terms of sudden gas/dust outbursts. This technique was tested at a number of coal mines of JSC SUEK-Kuzbass. The study also presents the results of experimental investigations to determine the actual level of total harmonic distortion (factor) in underground electric networks of fully-mechanized longwalls of coal mines. Of greater importance is justiﬁcation of higher harmonic ﬁlter parameters. To this end a calculation algorithm based on the developed technique has been proposed. Research has shown that application of forward and inverse Clarke transformations for calculating the harmonic ﬁlter parameters is applicable for all voltage levels. The simulation model of power supply system of a coal mine fully-mechanized longwall allows conditions of higher harmonics damping to be studied by means of a device for improvement of electric energy quality. Applying the proposed technical solutions to improve the quality of electric energy based on the simulation modeling allowed the successful damping of higher harmonics to be achieved. For example, the total harmonic components voltage (THD (U)) was reduced from 9.07 to 1.77 %.
Evaluating the influence of interactive simulations on learners' academic performance in stoichiometry
Authors: Mohafa L , Qhobela M , George M
Published: April 2022

Traditional teaching strategies dominate science classrooms in Lesotho, resulting in poor academic performance at each level. Information and Communication Technology tools such as simulations offer potential benefits for improving science teaching. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to evaluate the effect of simulations on learners' performance and retention of stoichiometry concepts using Solomon's four-group design. Purposive sampling of two existing Form E (Grade 12) classes, with 81 learners, led to the creation of four groups. The study responds to the research question: How does using simulations as part of an intervention affect learners' academic performance in stoichiometry? Data were collected as learners' scores for pre-tests and post-tests, designed to assess their understanding of stoichiometry, and analysed through ANOVA and t-tests. After the intervention, the experimental group's mean score (M = 44.2, a = 18) was higher than that of control group (M = 32.6, a = 15.8), and the difference between the two mean scores was statistically significant, namely t(81) = 3.14, p = 0.002. The experimental group had a higher mean score for retention in post-test (M = 47.4, a =16.1) than the control group (M = 37.2, a = 13.7) which was statistically significant, namely t(81) = 3.10, p = 0.003. Therefore, it was concluded that simulations enhanced learners' performance and could improve the retention of stoichiometry concepts. This study recommends that simulations be used to supplement the teaching and learning of science, in particular chemistry.
Synthesis and characterization of amine-functionalized supported phosphine catalysts and their application in ethylene oligomerization
Authors: Shozi M , Zulu X , Friedrich H
Published: April 2022

A series of phosphorus and nitrogen-based ethylene oligomerization ligands of the type Ph2PN(X)PPh2 where X = i-propyl, n-butyl, ethylbenzene and cyclohexyl substituents are reported. These ligands were functionalized to enable tethering on amino-silica. The free ligands, amino-silica and the tethered ligands were characterized by BET, XRD, IR, TGA and NMR. The catalysts were tested for ethylene oligomerization using Cr(acac)3 (acac = acetylacetonate) as the precursor and MMAO (modified methylaluminoxane) as the activator. The activity and selectivity of these catalysts to 1-octene was monitored at 45 bar ethylene in the temperature range of45-100 °C. The activity of the supported catalysts was comparable to their homogeneous counterparts, surpassing them in some cases and selectivities to 1-octene in the C8 products were as high as 99 wt%. The steric effect of the substituent on the ligand as well as that of the support was found to influence the activity and product distribution.
Динамика несимметричного проводника с токами Фуко
Authors: Герасимов С.А.
Published: April 2022

Цель настоящей работы ‒ измерение силы, действующей на проводник, находящийся в переменном магнитном поле. Поскольку токи Фуко являются индукционными, средняя за период осцилляций переменного магнитного поля сила, действующая на проводник, должна быть равна нулю. На основе этого положения проведены подробные измерения изменения веса проводника при включении магнитного поля. Изучен характер магнитного поля, создаваемого источником, что позволило определить область, где магнитное поле однородно. Показано, что даже при расположении несимметричного проводника в области, где поле однородно, средняя сила, действующая на проводник, не равна нулю. Особое внимание обращено на зависимость изменения веса проводника в форме половины кольца от угла наклона по отношению к горизонтали. Это дало возможность отделить фоновую составляющую от силы Абрагама, представляющей собой силу реакции излучения на проводник. Отмечено, что максимальное значение измеренной силы Абрагама существенно выше известных экспериментальных значений и наблюдается при горизонтальном расположении проводника с цилиндрической поверхностью, расположенной снизу.
Исследование влияния на характеристики асинхронизированного синхронного генератора величины скольжения ротора
Authors: Коршунов В.П. , Рожков В.И.
Published: April 2022

Изучено влияние величины скольжения ротора на качество генерируемой электроэнергии асинхронизированного синхронного генератора. С использованием программы FEMM выполнены расчёты по определению гармонического состава потокосцепления обмотки якоря. Исследования проведены для режимов холостого хода и номинального при различных видах нагрузки, а также при различных частотах вращения ротора. Отмечено, что при увеличении скольжения ротора происходит снижение первой гармоники потокосцепления обмотки якоря на 1,5 %. Третья гармоника потокосцепления незначительно зависит от скольжения ротора.
Обеспечение энергоэффективных режимов работы электроприводных газоперекачивающих агрегатов
Authors: Крюков О.В. , Гуляев И.В. , Теплухов Д.Ю.
Published: April 2022

Рассмотрены современные технологии и технические средства, обеспечивающие энергоэффективные режимы перекачки природного газа по магистральным газопроводам. Согласно статистике основными причинами высокой энергоемкости компрессорных станций являются: отклонение режимов работы газопровода от проекта, изменение характеристик технологических агрегатов, неудовлетворительное состояние оборудования, нештатное распределение нагрузки между цехами и отдельными электроприводами. Показано, что традиционная схема работы нерегулируемых электроприводов газоперекачивающих агрегатов (ГПА) приводит к перерасходу электроэнергии на 8÷15 % по сравнению с работой в проектном режиме. Предложено использовать групповое включение частотно-регулируемых электроприводных ГПА в компрессорных цехах с высоковольтными преобразователями частоты. Отмечено, что согласование режимов работы всех агрегатов в рамках компрессорных цехов при снижении производительности газопровода на 5 % от номинала с помощью частотного регулирования позволяет экономить до 1,05 МВт потребляемой мощности, а при 10 % - более 1,74 МВт в год.
Validation of the Dysgraphia Disability Scale (DDS); An assessment tool for writing difficulty
Authors: Nirvana Gamal El-Deen Hafez , Dina Khaled
Published: April 2022

Dysgraphia is defined as the difficulty in the production of written language. This study was carried out on 50 subjects aged 6-12 years who suffered from writing disabilities. This methodological study was designed to measure the possible breakdown mechanisms causing dysgraphia. A scale was created to cover most of the weak points in dysgraphia especially the fine motor and proprioceptive aspects. Reliability and validity of this scale were performed to allow its application. Findings were dealt with statistically and it was found that three types of dysgraphia have been known as Dyslexic, Motoric, and Spatial Dysgraphia. The scale diagnoses dysgraphia in an objective way and the severity of the condition can be determined in addition. This helps better understand the patients’ needs when a trainer designs the remediation program.
Non-radioactive phosphorylation with T4 PNK 3' phosphatase minus (M0236) v3
Authors: England Biolabs New
Published: April 2022

Protocol for non-radioactive phosphorylation with T4 PNK 3' phosphatase minus.
2019 Yılı Fen Bilimleri Ders Kitaplarının Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Yaklaşımları Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: DEVECİ İsa , ALTINTAŞ Ayşe
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmada 2019 yılında yayımlanan fen bilimleri ders kitaplarının ölçme ve değerlendirme araçları ya da teknikleri açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmada doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri kaynağı olarak 2019 yılında yayımlanan yedi adet fen bilimleri ders kitapları (5-8. sınıf) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri araştırmacı yazarlar tarafından geliştirilen “Geleneksel ve Alternatif Ölçme-Değerlendirme Teknikleri ve Araçları Kontrol Listesi” aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen araştırma verileri temel içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda geleneksel ölçme-değerlendirme yaklaşımlarının büyük çoğunluğunun ders kitaplarının tüm konu alanlarında kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca ders kitaplarında geleneksel ölçme-değerlendirme yaklaşımlarına alternatif ölçme ve değerlendirme yaklaşımlarından daha fazla yer verildiği belirlenmiştir. Diğer taraftan alternatif ölçme ve değerlendirme yaklaşımları açısından açık uçlu soru, tanılayıcı dallanmış ağaç, yapılandırılmış grid, proje, çizim, anlam çözümleme tablosu, bulmaca gibi teknik ve araçlara yer verildiği aksine gözlem, kavram haritası, kavram ağı, poster, drama/rol oynama gibi teknik ve araçlara ise sadece bir konu alanında ya da çok sınırlı sayıda yer verildiği belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte tüm konu alanlarında yer verilmeyen alternatif ölçme ve değerlendirme yaklaşımlarının kelime ilişkilendirme testi, zihin haritası, portfolyo, yazılı rapor, görüşme, grup/akran değerlendirme, öz değerlendirme, kontrol listesi ve tutum ölçeği gibi teknik ve araçlar olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Psikolojik Danışman Adaylarında Akademik Başarının Yordayısıcı Olarak Psikolojik Sağlamlık, Bilişsel Esneklik ve Öz-Yeterlik
Authors: ATEŞ Bünyamin , SAĞAR Mehmet Enes
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmada, psikolojik sağlamlık, bilişsel esneklik ve öz-yeterlik değişkenlerinin psikolojik danışman adaylarının akademik başarı düzeylerini ne kadar yordadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama modelinde dayalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın araştırma grubunu 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık Anabilim Dalında öğrenim gören 112 (%42.3) erkek, 153 (%57.7) kız olmak üzere toplam 265 psikolojik danışman adayı oluşturmuştur. Araştırma grubunun yaş ortalaması 21.37’dir. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği, Bilişsel Esneklik Envanteri, Genel Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizinden adımsal (stepwise) regresyon analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; psikolojik sağlamlık, bilişsel esneklik ve öz-yeterlik değişkenlerinin akademik başarıyı anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı belirlenmiştir.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretiminde Argümantasyon Tabanlı Öğrenme Yönteminin Öğrencilerin Bilimsel Tartışma Düzeylerine Etkisi
Authors: CEVGER Figen , AKKUŞ Zekerya
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretiminde argümantasyon tabanlı öğrenme yönteminin, öğrencilerin bilimsel tartışma düzeylerine etkisinin olup olmadığını tespit etmektir. 2016-2017 eğitim-öğretim yılında bir ortaokulda gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmaya 7. sınıf sosyal bilgiler öğrencilerinden 19’u kız, 20’si erkek olmak üzere toplam 39 öğrenci katılmıştır. Nitel yaklaşımın benimsendiği bu araştırma da doküman analizi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Dereceli puanlama anahtarı/Rubric” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz tekniği ile çözümlenmiş ve bulgular grafiklerle sunulmuştur. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda öğrencilerin genel başarılarının “iddia ve veri sunabilme” boyutu ile “destekleyici bilgi sunabilme” boyutunda daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin en fazla ilerleme gösterdikleri boyut ise “çürütücü bilgi sunabilme” boyutu olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bireysel olarak yapılan çalışmalarda öğrencilerin “iddia ve veri sunabilme” boyutunda ilerleme sağladığı görülürken grup olarak yapılan çalışmalarda ise “gerekçe sunabilme” boyutu, “destekleyici bilgi sunabilme” boyutu ve “çürütücü bilgi sunabilme” boyutunda daha fazla ilerleme sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonunda, öğrencilerin bilimsel tartışma düzeylerinin orta seviyede olduğu görülmüştür.
Temel Eğitim Kurumlarında Eğitim Vizyonu Hedeflerinin Uygulanabilirliğine İlişkin Eğitimcilerin Görüşleri
Authors: KIRNIK Dilek , ALTUNKAYNAK Yahya
Published: April 2022

2023 Eğitim Vizyonu belgesine yönelik eğitimcilerin bakış açılarının tespit edilmesi, temel eğitim bölümünde belirtilen hedeflerin uygulanabilirliğine yönelik öğretmenlerin görüşlerinin belirlenmesi önemli görülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı 2023 eğitim vizyonunda yer alan temel eğitim hedeflerine yönelik eğitimcilerin belirledikleri sorunları tanılamak, içeriğe ilişkin verileri toplamak ve önerileri tespit etmektir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımının esas alındığı bu çalışmada olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden ölçüt örneklemesine göre çalışma grubu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında temel eğitim kurumlarında çalışan altı öğretmen, dört okul yöneticisi ve bir lisans öğrencisi olmak üzere toplam 11 kişi ile görüşülmüştür. Araştırma verileri içerik analizi tekniğiyle analiz edilmiştir. Toplanan görüşlerde kodlar belirlenmiş, kodlar arası ilişkiler tespit edilmiş ve kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmaya katılan katılımcılar, 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu Temel Eğitim hedeflerinin uygulanmasında güçlü ve gelişime açık yönleri belirtmiş, riskleri ve buna bağlı alınması gereken tedbirleri açıklamışlardır. Temel eğitim alanına özgü sorun alanları tespit edilerek çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir.
Local positioning of the communication receiver and the problem of multipath in difficult conditions
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute, Serkin Fedor B.
Published: April 2022

In conditions when the signals of satellite navigation systems are unavailable or distorted, the receiver positioning task could be solved by local positioning system with an integrated data transmission channel. However, when such a system operates in various environments, a lot of multipath signals might appear, which strongly distort delay and phase measurements, on the basis of which the receiver coordinates are calculated. The accuracy of measurements can be significantly increased by introducing measurement redundancy by using the signal reflection properties and increasing the tracking channels on the receiver. In this article, a technique is proposed for creating and using the redundancy of phase measurements, as well as the phase derivatives differences of the local positioning system signals. This technique is based on the effects of signal reflection. An algorithm is proposed for estimating the intensity of the relative acceleration of a moving object, which makes it possible, using the threshold method, to switch between receiver channels at the moments when abnormal spikes appears because of the influence of a multipath signal propagation channel. An algorithm for smoothing transitions between antennas is also proposed using cubic spline interpolation. The obtained methods and algorithms, using two receiving antennas with a single phase center, make it possible to exclude about 80% of spikes caused by multipath effects from estimates of the relative velocity of a moving object, and also provide a basis for developing more advanced methods for using redundancy and further research in this area.
Authenticity and Dispositional Forgiveness at Different Stress Levels: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Nartova-Bochaver S.K. , Park V.V.
Published: April 2022

The study is aimed at investigating of the relationship between two lower-level personality traits — authenticity and dispositional forgiveness (the ability to forgive). Respondents of the study are experiencing stress of different levels and content. The sample consisted of 140 subjects (16–40 years old, Mage=23,1, SDage=9,0, 66 female), divided by the stress level into following groups: conditionally well-off, everyday stress, and chronic stress. The Russian versions of the Authenticity Scale (Nartova-Bochaver
et al., 2021) and the Heartland Forgiveness Scale (Adamyan, Nartova-Bochaver, 2020) were used. The higher scores of both authenticity and forgiveness were obtained in respondents with chronic stress, the lowest ones — in respondents with everyday stress, and conditionally well-off respondents had moderately high indicators of both variables. The regression models showed that in the group of chronic stress, authenticity is practically not predicted by forgiveness. For the conditionally well-off and respondents with everyday stress, the most important predictor of authenticity, contributing to an authentic life and protecting from self-alienation, was forgiveness of self. In addition,
a second predictor of the same variables, forgiveness of situations, was found in the group of everyday stress. To sum up, the difference in trajectories and possible determinants of positive personality development depending on the level of stress experienced was claimed. The prospects of research and possible application of the results are outlined.
Experimental Psychological Evaluation of Lack of Insight in Paranoid Schizophrenia Patients: Cognitive Function Assessment.
Authors: Pekker M.V. , Gvozdetckii A.N. , Shchelkova O.Y.
Published: April 2022

The study attempted to experimentally evaluate cognitive correlates of lack of insight (understood as a metacognitive function — ability to recognize and correct erroneous decisions). The sample of patients with paranoid schizophrenia (N=100, mean age 33.2±8.1 years) was divided into two groups based on clinical indicators of insight: data about patients’ attitude to their erroneous decisions, personality and symptoms. Group characteristic: high insight n=61; low insight n=39. The assumption about factor structure of insight was made and factors were constructed by confirmatory factor analysis. The final model included 9 quantitative parameters of insight. The first factor included: Diligence, Interest to the Results, Adequate Understanding of purpose of survey, Response to comment, Response to help. The second — External control, Response to errors, Perception of instruction, Awareness to symptoms. Cognitive functioning were assessed by: Standard battery of neuropsychological assessment (subtests “Clock faces”, “Portraits”, series of plot pictures “Apple tree”, “Involuntary recall”, Poppelreuter Overlapping figures test, “Incomplete images”); Schulte table; Amatuni–Vasserman Digit cancellation test; The Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS) (subtests “Similarities”, “Digit span”, “Digit symbol coding”); Zeigarnik Exclusion of items; Trail making test (TMT); Brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia battery (BACS) (subtests “Verbal memory”, “Digit sequencing”, “Verbal fluency”, “Symbol coding”); Rey–Osterrieth Complex figure (ROCF); Hopkins verbal learning test (HVLT). The low insight patients showed poorer performance in various cognitive domains. Such as verbal learning and visual-motor memory, attention shifting, processing speed, executive function. In addition, the severity of lack of insight was significant for differences in number of distortions in visual perception task and severity of formal thought disorder. These results could be used in process of experimental insight assessment tools development and therapeutic interventions targeted on metacognitive deficit of schizophrenia patients.
Scientific Contribution of Professor Tamara Bogdanova in the Development of the Psychology of the Deafness. To the Anniversary.
Authors: Nazarova N.M. , Valyavko S.M.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the professional path and scientific interests of a psychologist, psychologist (psychology of deafness), doctor of psychological sciences, professor Tamara Bogdanova. Main scientific interests of the scientist are singled out, among which are problems of exploration of the mental activity of a normal person and with developmental disorders. Other interests are connected to theoretical and methodological problems of special psychology, teaching and education concerns of children with developmental disabilities, including those with hearing impairment of different ages. Many years author work is reflected in a brief review of publications of recent years. The staff of special education and psychology department of the Moscow State Pedagogical University cordially congratulates Tamara Gennadievna Bogdanova on her glorious anniversary and wishes her good health and further success in the development of sign language psychology, special psychology and in the training of speech pathologists.
Проблемы развития цифрового взаимодействия
Authors: Вдовина Маргарита Владимировна
Published: April 2022

В современном трансформирующемся обществе процессы цифровизации оказались взаимосвязаны с проблемой пандемии COVID-19. В условиях распространения инфекции, передаваемой в основном при непосредственном взаимодействии людей, возросла необходимость изменить характер такого взаимодействия на цифровой. Процесс цифровизации исторически неожиданно был форсирован, что привело к ряду проблем.

Среди них проявились: технические трудности; недостаточность цифровой компетентности некоторых сотрудников организаций и цифровой грамотности отдельных социальных групп и личностей (особенно относящихся к кругу социально уязвимых слоев населения); ограничения непосредственного межличностного общения; перенасыщенность взаимодействия потоком цифровой информации; эмоциональная усталость от вынужденности работы и обучения исключительно в удаленном формате; вопросы кибербезопасности онлайн-взаимодействия; значительное ужесточение цифрового контроля над жизнедеятельностью граждан; риски социально-психологической напряженности и недоверия к цифровизации, технофобий, неумения рационально использовать достижения научно-технического прогресса в целях роста личного и социального благополучия.

Основываясь на методологии Р. Мертона, можно типологизировать цифровые трансформации в социальном взаимодействии на функциональные и дисфункциональные, явные и латентные. С учетом того, что непреодолимых границ между тем или иным вариантом нет, обстоятельства переменчивы, взаимодействие людей в определенной мере неоднозначно и оценивать его можно с разных позиций. Пандемия также породила следующие изменения в социальном взаимодействии: распространение цифрового потребления; рост «цифрового разрыва» (digital gap) между адаптировавшимися и не адаптировавшимися к форсированной цифровизации социальными группами; формирование нового основания для социального расслоения, усиления социального неравенства, цифровой маргинализации одних социальных групп и восходящей социальной мобильности других; институционализация новых социальных практик цифровизации; новый импульс к цифровой социализации; трансформация межпоколенческих отношений в сторону движения к префигуративному типу культуры (по М. Мид). Наиболее подходящими для осмысления цифрового взаимодействия представляются такие подходы, как рискологический, феноменологический, интеракционистский, функциональный, социализационный, гуманистический.
Chronic Endotoxemia and Peculiarities of Systemic Inflammatory Response in Patients with Osteoarthrosis Requiring Primary Arthroplasty of Large Joints
Authors: Gladkova Ekaterina V. , Babushkina Irina V. , Ulyanov Vladimir Yu. , Mamonova Irina A.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: Infectious complications after the primary arthroplasty of large joints in patients with end-stage osteoarthrosis are often associated with self-opportunistic pathogenic microflora in cases of compromised immune response and systemic inflammatory reactions. Thus, the associated pathogenic mechanisms require additional study.
AIM: To examine the peculiarities of signs of endotoxemia and the severity of the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) in patients with osteoarthritis of large joints requiring primary arthroplasty.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 110 patients (67 women, 43 men, average age 49.2 years, age range 41.152.8 years) with stage IIIIV primary osteoarthrosis of the knee joints and 30 healthy individuals (control group) (15 men, 15 women, average age 49.4 years, age range 37.253.1 years) were examined. Analyses were carried out on blood serum concentrations of the endotoxemia parameter lipopolysaccharide (LPS), acute-phase proteins (C-reactive protein [CRP]), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and markers of the proinflammatory activity of cytokine regulation system (interleukine-1 [Il-1]) and activation of cell-mediated immunity (neopterin). Correlation relationships between the studied parameters were evaluated depending on the severity of the SIR.
RESULTS: Forty patients were identified (28 women, 12 men) to have signs of high inflammatory activity (CRP concentration 7.59 g/L and erythrocyte sedimentation rate 10 mm/h) and evident synovitis based on the ultrasound data of the joint. The parameters in this group were analyzed: LPS, 12.08 (10.77; 12.65) ng/mL; LBP, 26.31 (25.48; 27. 11) g/mL; Il-1, 8.4 (7.3; 8.7) pg/mL; and neopterin, 9.36 (8.58; 9.62) pg/mL. These values significantly (р 0.05, KruskalWallis test) exceeded the values in the moderate SIR activity and control groups. Correlation analysis (Spearman r-test) in patients with signs of enhanced inflammatory activity revealed a moderate positive relationship between LPS and CRP concentrations, and reduction of positive relationships between LPS and Il-1 and in LPS and LBP.
CONCLUSION: Impaired SIR with the underlying excessive proinflammatory activity of the cytokine regulation system, activation of the cell-mediated immunity, and systemic endotoxemia in patients with end-stage osteoarthrosis of large joints requires additional preoperative and postoperative monitoring. The results substantiate the necessity of a detailed investigation of endotoxemia as a probable component of the pathogenesis and sanogenesis of complications following the primary arthroplasty of large joints.
Parameters of B-Cell Immunity and Their Diagnostic Significance in Preeclampsia of Different Severities
Authors: Panova Irina A. , Kudryashova Anna V. , Panashchatenko Anna S. , Rokotyanskaya Elena A. , Malyshkina Anna I.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem pathological condition occurring after 20 weeks of pregnancy. According to some scientists, the pathogenetic mechanisms of PE are based on the abnormal response of the mothers immune system to factors of placental origin.
AIM: To assess the parameters characterizing the condition of B-cells in female patients with PE and to develop the prognostic criterion for the effective treatment of moderate PE.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 121 women at 2436 weeks of gestation were examined. The main group included 69 pregnant women with PE in which 36 had moderate PE (group 1a, 18 women with positive effects of PE treatment; group 1b, 18 women with no effect of PE treatment) and 33 had severe PE. The control group included 52 patients with no hypertensive disorders. In the peripheral blood, the relative content of CD19+ and CD20+ В-lymphocytes and their subpopulations, namely, regulatory B-cells (CD20+IL-10+), memory B-cells (CD19+CD27+IgD), and plasmocytes (СD19+СD20-СD38+), were evaluated by flow cytofluorometry. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica for Windows 6.0, Microsoft Excel 2010, and MedCalс programs. The diagnostic significance of the studied parameters was evaluated by ROC analysis.
RESULTS: The comparison of all the studied parameters of the content of B-lymphocytes and its subpopulations did not reveal any significant differences in patients with PE of different severities (p 0.05 in all cases). In the comparative analysis of women with moderate PE exhibiting either positive or no treatment effects, a low level of CD20+В-lymphocytes and a high level of CD19+CD20-CD38+ plasmocytes were noted in the former. In addition, the presence of 2.8% of CD19+CD20-CD38+ cells in the peripheral blood predicts a positive treatment effect on moderate PE, while 2.8% predicts an ineffective treatment and aggravation of the PE.
CONCLUSION: The reduction of plasmocytes and absence of treatment effect on moderate PE may be associated with the migration of plasmocytes to the target organs, which leads to the worsening of the immunopathological process during the course of PE. The content of CD19+CD20-CD38+ cells in the peripheral blood can be used to predict treatment efficacy on moderate PE.
Role of Microribonucleic acid in the Carcinogenesis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Gubenko Marina S. , Loginov Vitaliy I. , Burdennyy Aleksey M. , Pronina Irina V. , Khokhlova Svetlana V. , Pertsov Sergey S.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm. Despite advances in target therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy, non-small cell lung cancer remains the major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Tumor development is a complex process that depends on the influence of environmental factors and genetic predisposition. Although oncogenic factors have received much attention, the main mechanisms for oncogenesis are still poorly understood. Thus, studying the oncogenic mechanisms, including those with the involvement of microribonucleic acid (microRNA), is important for the diagnostics and treatment of malignant neoplasms. MicroRNA (miRNA) belong to the class of small non-coding ribonucleic acids that are involved in various cellular biological processes, including epithelialmesenchymal transition, apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and metastatic dissemination of cancer cells. Recent publications show that the course of the oncological disease can be predicted by evaluating the expressions of some miRNAs. Therefore, miRNAs serve as promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets in oncological diseases.
CONCLUSION: This review summarizes data on the role in carcinogenesis and prognostic significance of several miRNA (i.e., miRNA-128, -4500, -222, -224, -124, -125b, -127, -129-2, -137, and -375) in non-small cell lung cancer.
Predictors of the Effectiveness of Medical Rehabilitation of Patients with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Sheyko Gennadiy E. , Belova Anna N.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common causes of disability in children. The use of clinical tools that will allow the prediction of results is necessary for the medical rehabilitation of children with CP. Although clinical and socio-economic factors that determine the prognosis of rehabilitation and further social adaptation of patients with CP are being actively investigated, predictors that help predict the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation measures are not yet identified.
AIM: To determine the predictors of the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation in children with CP using anamnesis, scales, and questionnaire data.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 29 children (average age, 5.4 1.1 years) with various forms of CP who underwent medical rehabilitation in inpatient and outpatient conditions within 12 months. Before and after rehabilitation courses, all patients, apart from general somatic-clinical and neurological examinations, underwent tests that use specialized questionnaires and scales and evaluation using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for children and adolescence with cerebral palsy. The patients were arranged into groups depending on the presence of improvement determined using the author-developed criterion: reduction of the determinant level relative to function and activity and participation components of ICF by a minimum of at least one point in three domains. Various uni- and multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the prognostic significance of history, scales, and questionnaire data. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to determine the threshold values of quantitative parameters optimal for predicting a certain treatment outcome.
RESULTS: The Gross Motor Function Measure 88 score of 82.1% before the rehabilitation measures indicated a positive rehabilitation prognosis. ICF domains b760 control of voluntary movement functions, d415 maintaining a body position, and d710 basic interpersonal relations are predictors of the effectiveness of rehabilitation in patients with a CP with determinant level 1.
CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that higher parameters of motor and coordination functions and higher levels of interpersonal interactions of children with ICP are significant predictors of the effectiveness of rehabilitation.
Changes in the Deformability and Resistance of Erythrocyte Membranes under the Action of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Derivatives in the Offspring of Rats with Experimental Preeclampsia
Authors: Muzyko Elena A. , Naumenko Lyudmila V. , Perfilova Valentina N. , Zavadskaya Valeriya E. , Varlamova Sof’ya V. , Tyurenkov Ivan N. , Vasil'yeva Ol’ga S.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: Preeclampsia is a severe complication of pregnancy associated with the negative consequences for the mother and child. Such complications can be a reduction in the resistance of erythrocyte membranes to damaging agents and alteration of rheological properties of the blood in offspring. Promising compounds for the correction of these negative consequences of preeclampsia are gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) derivatives, which showed membraneprotective, antioxidant, and antihypoxic effects in previous studies.
AIM: To evaluate the effect of GABA derivatives Succicard (4-phenylpiracetam and ethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, 2:1), Salifen (4-amino-3-phenylbutanoic acid and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2:1), and Phenibut (aminophenylbutyric acid) on the deformability and resistance of erythrocyte membranes in 8- and 14-month-old offspring of rats with experimental preeclampsia (EP).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved offspring (male and female) of white non-inbred female rats with a normal pregnancy and EP that was modeled by replacement of drinking water with a 1.8% sodium chloride solution during gestation (121 days). For 30 days (from day 40 to day 70 of life), pup rats intragastrically received Succicard (22 mg/kg), Salifen (7.5 mg/kg), and Phenibut (25 mg/kg), along with a comparison drug Pantogam (calcium gopantenate) (50 mg/day) once a day. The offspring of the positive and negative control groups were injected with distilled water in a similar mode. In offspring aged 8 and 14 months, the resistance of erythrocyte membranes to the action of hydrochloric acid and their deformability were determined.
RESULTS: In 8-month-old male offspring of rats with EP, a shorter time of achievement of half the maximal amplitude of erythrogram was noted in acid hemolysis relative to the positive control group, and the erythrocyte elongation index was reduced. Relative to the negative control group, Succicard, Salifen, Phenibut, and Pantogam promoted the prolongation of hemolysis and the erythrocyte elongation index in 8-month-old male rats in the experimental groups. In 14-month-old male and female rats of different ages, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups.
CONCLUSION: Changes in the stiffness and strength of erythrocyte membranes were noted only in male offspring of rats with EP. Succicard, Salifen, Phenibut, and Pantogam produced membrane-protective effects on the erythrocytes of 8-month-old male rats of the experimental groups.