bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Response to Natural Infections with Erwinia amylovora Burrill of Five Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) Cultivars in Bistrița Area, Romania
Authors: ROȘU-MAREȘ Smaranda Doina , MOLDOVAN Claudiu , CHIOREAN Anca Maria , ZAGRAI Ioan , ZAGRAI Luminița , JAKAB-ILYEFALVI Zsolt , GUZU Georgeta , FLORIAN Vasile
Published: February 2024

Erwinia amylovora is the most damaging bacterial disease of quince, causing a lot of damage to this crop. In cases of severe infections, this disease could even cause the death of the tree. The climatic conditions in Bistrita region were favourable for fire blight outbreak in 2022, and gave us the opportunity to study the differences manifested by five quince cultivars ('Aromate', 'Aurii' 'Bereczki', 'Adonia' and 'Cedonia') when naturally infected with Erwinia amylovora Burrill. The second wave of infections, in September, was significantly less damaging than the first one which occurred in June. Overall, after assessing the frequency of the blighted shoots of the mentioned quince cultivars, in June and in September of the year 2022, we concluded that there were significant differences between responses to natural infection Erwinia amylovora of these cultivars. The data showed that the cultivars 'Aromate' and 'Aurii' have a better behaviour than the Hungarian cultivar 'Bereczki', while the Romanian cultivars 'Adonia' and 'Cedonia' appeared to be very susceptible under the climatic conditions of the year 2022 in Bistrita area.
Study on the Adaptability of some Sorghum Hybrids in the Pedoclimatic Conditions of Jucu, Cluj County
Authors: VIDICAN Roxana , PLEȘA Anca , MOLDOVAN Cristina , FLORIAN Vasile , SUCIU Daniel , SUCIU Loredana
Published: February 2024

In the current context of global warming, the sustainable development of agriculture can be achieved by expanding the areas cultivated with drought-tolerant plants with high production potential. Sorghum caryopsis, to be intended for human consumption and animal feed, must be free of phytopathogenic agents and meet a series of essential quality conditions. Unfortunately, in unfavourable storage conditions (too high temperature and humidity), caryopsis is attacked by a wide spectrum of pathogens (Fusarium, Alternaria).

In this context, the aim of our study is to evaluate the adaptability and productive potential of six sorghum hybrids, identification of pathogens presents on sorghum caryopsis, their quality indices, as well as mycotoxin content. From the data obtained from the notes, observations and analyzes carried out, we can conclude that the percentage of sick caryopses was high in all the hybrids analysed, the microorganisms identified on the caryopses belonged to the genus Fusarium and Alternaria and the mycotoxin content was very low in all the hybrids analysed. This research highlighted the importance of Sorghum which becomes an alternative because it needs only half of the rainfall required by corn (it succeeds even when there is less than 350 mm annual rainfall), being able to replace the corn crop when there are conditions for a poor corn crop.
Chlorophyll Content and Leaf Morphological Features of Capsicum annum L. cv. ‘Alexander’ under Yeast and Caffeine Tested as Bio-fertilizers
Authors: STOIAN Valentina Ancuța , PAPP Antonia , TRUȘCĂ Mădălina , VÂTCĂ Anamaria , GÂDEA Ștefania , VÂTCĂ Sorin
Published: February 2024

Bio-fertilizers are in the present more and more of interest as alternative nutritive inputs. This research aim was to test different doses of yeast and caffeine on pepper growth and chlorophyll content. The experiment in controlled conditions consisted of 8 phytocosms treatments with 3 yeast and caffeine doses 1%, 2%, and 3%, one mixed treatment (2%), and the control treatment in five replications. The yeast addition promoted all the tested morphological parameters especially the middle dose tested. Caffeine treatments induced a slow growth of pepper vegetative period, even a delayed development compared with the control treatment. In conclusion, the mixed treatment was the most efficient pepper bio-fertilizer and provided the highest values of leaf length, width, seedling height, and also total chlorophyll content.
Sequence Analysis of nrDNA ITS Region in Paşa and Şah Apple (Malus × domestica) Genotypes
Authors: SEVİNDİK Emre , MURATHAN Zehra Tuğba
Published: February 2024

In this study, phylogenetic analysis of Şah and Paşa apple genotypes was performed using nrDNA ITS sequences. After the plant leaves were brought to the laboratory, gDNAs were obtained by genomic DNA isolation method. PCR amplification was performed using primers ITS4 and ITS5A. ITS sequences of some apple and Rosaceae species were retrieved from NCBI, bioinformatics analyzes were made with Bioedit 7.2.3, Finch TV 1.4.0 and MEGA 6.0 programs and phylogenetic trees were constructed. In the study, ITS sequence length of the Paşa apple genotype was 656 bp, and the ITS sequence length of the Şah apple genotype was 649 bp. Only in the maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree constructed using sequences of apple genotypes, Paşa and Şah apple genotypes appeared in the same clade as Malus domestica cultivar="Casciana'' and Malus domestica cultivar="Rotella''. In the phylogenetic tree generated including other species belonging to the Rosaceae family; apple genotypes Pyrus, Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Sorbus, Eriobotrya and Prunus were detected in a same clade. Overall results clearly suggested that the ITS sequences were both suitable for differentiation between the selected genera and were compatible with previous phylogenetic studies.
Heritability of Body Weight, Growth Rate Indices and Their Association with Insulin-Like Growth Factor-2 Gene Polymorphism in Purebred Nigerian Indigenous Chickens and their Crosses with Marshal Chickens
Authors: OYELEYE Rebecca O. , ADENAIKE Adeyemi Sunday , BELLO Olajide K. , AKINRINOLA Christiana Temitope , ADEWUYI Tolutope Rhoda , IKEOBI Christian Obiora N.
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted to estimate heritability of body weight and growth rate indices and also to determine their association with insulin-like growth factor-2 genes (IGF-2) polymorphism in purebred Nigerian indigenous chickens and their crosses with Marshal chickens. A total of 300 progenies were generated from the mating of three genotypes of F5 generation of Nigerian indigenous chickens (Normal feather (N), Frizzle feather (F), Naked neck (NN)) and Marshal (M) chickens. Blood samples were collected at twenty weeks for DNA extraction and IGF-2 gene amplification. IGF-2 gene was digested by restriction enzyme (Pst1) and genotyped using restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Growth rate indices (absolute (AGR) and relative growth rates (RGR)) were estimated and associated with IGF-2 gene polymorphism.  The results show that IGF-2 allelic variants had no effect on the body weight (BW), AGR and RGR while chicken’s genotype effect was significant (p<0.01) on BW and AGR. Two crossbred genotypes (NxM,1524.23±137.20 and 1894.92±122.81), (FxM, 1445.19±177.24 and 1840.88±177.86) had better performance for AGR and BW, respectively, compared to the purebred of Nigerian indigenous chickens. The heritability values ranged from low (.06±.021) to high (.77±.24).
Intake of Probiotic and Prebiotic Foods in Psoriasis Patients: A Case-Control Study in Romania
Authors: BUHAȘ Mihaela Cristina , CANDREA Adelin Rareș , TĂTARU Alexandru , BOBOIA Anamaria , BOCA Andreea , MIERE Doina , GAVRILAȘ Laura Ioana
Published: February 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease which highly impacts the quality of life of psoriatic patients. Although the pathogenesis of psoriasis is multifactorial, recent evidence suggest that alterations in the intestinal microbiome play an important role suggesting a clear status of dysbiosis associated with the disease. This study aimed to assess the frequency of probiotic and prebiotic food consumption in psoriasis patients in Romania (n = 122), with an emphasis on potential dietary risk or protective factors linked with psoriasis. The results showed that consuming fermented and probiotic foods, such as fermented dairy products, kombucha, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, may have an essential role in limiting or alleviating psoriasis symptoms. Future research should also investigate this relationship, considering other food groups, such as fish, meat, and fats, using a national validated food frequency questionnaire.
Novel Methods for Liposome Formulation: Advancements and Innovations
Authors: ENARU Bianca , FĂRCAŞ Anca , STĂNILĂ Andreea , SOCACI Sonia , DIACONEASA Zoriţa
Published: February 2024

Liposomes are nanoscale spheroidal vesicles, predominantly composed of phospholipids, that offer a hydrophilic core surrounded by a hydrophobic bilayer. Their unique structure endows them with excellent biocompatibility and the ability to house both hydrophilic and lipophilic agents, making them exceptionally suited for targeted delivery applications. This versatility has seen liposomes gain widespread use in various industries, including medicine, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals. This comprehensive review meticulously examines the spectrum of liposome fabrication techniques, providing insight into their respective advantages and limitations. Specifically, we scrutinize methods such as reverse phase evaporation, freeze drying, the Bangham method (also known as the thin film hydration technique), ethanol injection, the emulsion method, and ultrasonication. Each of these methodologies contributes to the array of liposomal forms, influencing their final characteristics and suitability for different applications. The present review categorizes liposomes based on the fabrication technique, offering a comparative perspective that is instrumental for researchers and practitioners in selecting the optimal method for their specific delivery system needs.
Effect of addition of rich sources of lipids on the bioaccessibility of lutein and β-carotene from raw baby spinach leaves
Authors: GHERASIM Cristina Elena , DULF Francisc Vasile , BUNEA Andrea , RUGINĂ Dumitriţa , PINTEA Adela
Published: February 2024

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of the addition of lipids with different origin and unsaturation degree on the bioaccessibility of major carotenoids from raw baby spinach leaves. The standardized INFOGEST protocol of static in vitro digestion was applied to determine the bioaccessibility of lutein and β-carotene from baby spinach, before and after the addition of avocado pulp (5% and 10%) and sour cream (10% and 20%), as lipid sources. Baby spinach leaves, avocado fruits and sour cream were characterized in terms of carotenoid composition, lipid content and fatty acids profile by C30-HPLC-DAD and GC-MS. The bioaccessibility of lutein was lower (7.1%) than that of β-carotene (9.05%) from unsupplemented baby spinach leaves. Addition of avocado and sour cream determined a significant decrease of lutein bioaccessibility, especially in the case of high concentration of sour cream (20%). Oppositely, the bioaccessibility of β-carotene was increased by the addition of both lipid sources, at both concentrations, with a significant improvement for 10% sour cream, from 9.05% to 13.28%. Generally, the highest amount of lipid did not result in better bioaccessibility of carotenoids.
Comparative Assessment of Phenolic Compounds from Authentic Wine Varieties from North-Western Romania from the 2021-2022 Harvest
Authors: HODIȘAN Bogdan Florin , RANGA Floricuța , BIRIȘ-DORHOI Elena-Suzana , FĂRCAȘ Anca-Corina , TOFANĂ Maria
Published: February 2024

Wine is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. Romania, as a country, has a history in vineyards and wine making. This present study analyzed the phenolic compounds of 5 varieties of wine from Romania (Fetească Regală Muscat Ottonel, Riesling Italian, Pinot Gris and Merlot). The results suggested that some of the wines present a wide category of phenolic compounds where others present low values and some of the compounds are absent as detected with a developed HPLC-DAD-ESI+ method. Phenolic compounds were identified after the retention time. Merlot wine presented, in most cases, the highest values for phenolic compounds, with a few exceptions. As a conclusion, romanian wines are rich in phenolic compounds that possess a series of beneficial properties.
Basil and Lettuce Microgreens Production in Low-Cost Hydroponic Installations, under Operational and Semi-Controlled Conditions
Authors: RUSU Teodor , MORARU Paula Ioana , MINTAȘ Olimpia Smaranda , CĂRBUNAR Mihai Marcel , POP Horia , LUPUȚ Ioan Nicolae
Published: February 2024

Microgreens produced hydroponically at home, represent a solution of the future due to the advantages it has. The purpose of this research is to analyze certain elements relevant for the microgreens crop (basil and lettuce), simultaneously, in identical low-cost hydroponic platforms, in operational (common spaces) and semi-controlled conditions (plant growing tent). The obtained results were analyzed, both from the point of view of the growing conditions and the influence of light regimes, as well as the development of seedlings, production (fresh weight and dry weight) and quality (total phenolic) of the microgreens. In operational environmental conditions there is a higher variation of the environmental parameters, compared to the semi-controlled environment, but the oscillation of natural light seems to have a better influence on the development of microgreens. Internode length in operational environmental conditions varies for basil between 25.2-35.2 mm, for lettuce between 31.9-32.8 mm, and in semi-controlled environmental conditions, it varies for basil between 25.2-32.1 mm and for lettuce between 30.2-31.9 mm. In semi-controlled conditions, the average fresh weight production achieved by the two species (and four varieties) is 734.73 g m-2 for basil, 809.56 g m-2 for lettuce, and represents 823.74 g m-2 for basil, 777.61 g m-2 for lettuce in operational environmental conditions. The variability of the data recorded for total phenols is very high. Lettuce contains 98-107.33 mg kg-1, and basil 107.67-186.33 mg kg-1 total phenols. Feedback from these tests will be used for final validation of the low-cost hydroponic platform components.
Antibacterial Activity of Ulva Lactuca Against Important Aquaculture Bacterial Strains
Authors: PAPPOU Sofia , VALSAMIDIS Michail Angelos , BATJAKAS John , BAKOPOULOS Vasileios
Published: February 2024

Efforts are made to produce functional aquaculture diets capable of promoting fish growth and health while being sustainable at social, economic and environmental levels. One of the emerging threats in aquaculture has become the antibiotic resistance phenomena due to antimicrobial drugs. Therefore, functional feed additives of marine origin have been introduced globally as an alternative to fish antibiotics. Towards the selection of natural and sustainable resources of bioactive compounds, seaweed has been proven to be a source of valuable substances showing antibacterial activity. Aim of this study is to evaluate the inhibition of bacterial growth caused by an ethanolic extract of the macroalgae Ulva lactuca against important aquaculture bacterial strains. Vibrio anguillarum O1, Photobacterium damselae sub. piscicida and Tenacibaculum maritimum, were incubated for 48 hours in sterile Brain Heart Infusion Broth and tested for resistance to the extract using broth cultures. The algal extract successfully inhibited the growth of all strains. The optimum inhibition was achieved for VAO1 and PHDP by the undiluted and 1:1 diluted extract, while for TMAR, by the 1:3 dilution as well. The antibacterial activity that the extract provided is considered to be the result of the containing bioactive compounds of the algal strain, such as polysaccharides, carotenoids and phenolic compounds.
Extraction and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds from Prunus Spinosa L. Fruits	with Potential in the De-velopment of Edible Films
Authors: NEGREAN Oana , FĂRCAȘ Anca , SOCACI Sonia , CIONT Călina , MEDELEANU Mădălina , SIMON Elemer , POP Oana
Published: February 2024

Prunus spinosa L., commonly known as blackthorn, is rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, vitamins, minerals, and organic acids, displaying strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties. This investigation aims to assess bioactive compounds in fresh and lyophilized blackthorn fruits and analyze ethanolic extracts for phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial effects. The primary objective was to develop a chitosan-based film with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, targeting the enhancement of food packaging solutions, along with inhibition of S. aureus bacteria. Results showed that ethanolic extracts of blackthorn possess significant antimicrobial efficacy, demonstrating notable effectiveness against S. aureus. Notably, the film incorporating an 80% ethanolic extract demonstrated greater effectiveness against S. aureus-inoculated cheese.  This outcome underscores the inhibitory potential of blackthorn extracts on S. aureus  growth within a food matrix.
From grape to wine - Muscat Ottonel from Blaj-Târnave vineyard chemical and sensory analysis
Authors: CHEDEA Veronica Sanda , TOMOIAGĂ Liliana Lucia , RANGA Floricuța , MUNTEAN Maria-Doinița , SÎRBU Alexandra , COMȘA Maria , CRUCERU Jeanine , RĂCOARE Horia-Silviu , POP Raluca Maria
Published: February 2024

Following the global trend of selling high-quality wines, those produced in Blaj vineyard must be superior due to a highly competitive market and consumer tastes and demands. Because the quality of wine is given by both sensory and chemical properties this work presents the phenolic fingerprint, the general chemical characteristics, and the sensory properties of the 2021 Blaj Muscat Ottonel wine as well as the phenolic composition of the grapes from which this wine was produced. Grape phenolics were represented by flavanols (73%), flavonols (14%), hydroxybenzoic acids (9.08 %) and hydroxycinnamic acids (4%), while wine phenolics by flavanols (42%), hydroxycinnamic acids (33%) and hydroxybenzoic acids (15%). Catechin and procyanidin dimer B1 were identified both in grapes and in wine. More than half of the grapes’ procyanidin dimer B1 (3.638 mg/g out of 6.379 mg/g) and more than one-tenth of grapes’ catechin (1.570 mg/g out of 9.298 mg/g) were found in wine. As the general and sensory qualities of the Blaj Muscat Ottonel wine were kept within the limits of a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) demi-sweet wine, the presence of resveratrol glucoside, catechin, and procyanidin in its content supports the idea of classifying this wine as a potential nutraceutical ‘functional wine’.
Urban Domestic Gardens: Characteristics and Contributions to Urban Green Sustainability
Authors: PANȚIRU Irina , BUTA Erzsebet , MĂNIUȚIU Dănuț , APAHIDEAN Alexandru I. , SIMA Nicușor , DREGAN Alexandru , SIMA Rodica Maria
Published: February 2024

Domestic gardens (e.g., home, allotment) are important features of the urban green infrastructure (GI) and represent significant component of the urban landscape. The present work aimed to evaluate the overall role and benefits of urban allotments and home gardens for the urban GI in the Global North countries. A literature review was performed to identify published evidence from 2000 onwards on the impact of domestic gardens for GI sustainability within developed countries. A narrative synthesis was used to interpret available research pertaining to urban domestic gardens per se, to define their unique role in GI and to highlight areas in need of further research. The review suggested key differences in both nature and management of urban domestic gardens with major implications for their contribution to GI sustainability. We also acknowledged the heterogeneous social, cultural, ecological, and economic contexts underlying the impact of urban domestic gardens for GI. Further, urban domestic gardens also act as a source of food security and provide additional ecosystem services. The review concluded that home and allotment gardens are important contributors to urban GI sustainability and should be incorporated within the planning, design and management of urban infrastructures.
The Effects of Freezing Rain on Forest Stands Administered by Zalău Forestry Department During 2014-2022 Period
Authors: MURANYI Alexandra Elena , VARGA Mircea Ioan , REBREAN Florin Alexandru , TĂUT Ioan
Published: February 2024

Freezing rain is a rare and extremely dangerous meteorological phenomenon, consisting of the fall of liquid precipitation, while the air temperature at ground level falls below 0oC, favoring the freezing of raindrops and forming an ice sheet on the surfaces on which they are deposited. In Romania, the areas affected by the freezing rain phenomenon undergo significant changes regarding the structure and composition of the forest vegetation. The main purpose of this work is to figure out how to manage the forest stands affected by the freezing rain identifying optimal solutions for ecological reconstruction and prevention of significant damages. For the research of the affected areas, we placed 7 experimental areas, having the size of 500 m2 each, all the trees that were in this radius were inventoried. In this research work we evaluate the presence of this phenomenon which was reported in the Stejarul Zalău Forest District, in 2014, then in 2017, but with a lower intensity. Out of a total of 1627.6 ha, 500 ha were affected by the freezing rain, most of them being surfaces with beech forest stands with a consistency of 0.9, having a high slenderness index. Following the results obtained, it was observed that the most affected trees were the youngest. These having a reduced diameter, thin branches and a high slenderness coefficient.
The Effectiveness of Phytosanitary Treatments in the Control of Oak Mildew, in the Current Climate Context
Authors: TĂUT Ioan , MOLDOVAN Mircea , ȘIMONCA Vasile , REBREAN Florin , VARGA Mircea
Published: February 2024

In the technical process of afforestation, most of the compositions require the act of founding the new forest artificially produced seedlings. In some situations, obtaining them is a difficult process due to the complex diseases and pests that can cause significant losses in nurseries. Climatic factors influencing the health of crops in nurseries are: air temperature, amount of precipitation, atmospheric humidity, potential evapotranspiration. The data were recorded with the help of the CEM DT 172 device, with the help of which data regarding temperature and humidity were recorded within the Beclean and Valea Iușului Nurseries. It was observed that the experiments related to the control of the pathogen Oidium alphitoides, using Proquinazid 200gr/l were placed in three cultures, one one-year-olds and two two-year-old, the amount of solution being the same in each variant, differing only the concentration and effectiveness was performed on four degrees of attack. The situation was positively reflected at the time of determining the effectiveness, when, except for the control variant, in all the treated variants most seedlings were weakly or moderately attacked.
Influence of Urea Fertilization with and without Inhibitors on Growth and Yield of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under Different Tillage Practices
Authors: STAVROPOULOS Panteleimon , ROUSSIS Ioannis , KAKABOUKI Ioanna , MAVROEIDIS Antonios , ZOTOS Anastasios , TRIANTAFYLLIDIS Vassilios , KOSMA Chariklia , BESLEMES Dimitrios , TIGKA Evangelia , PAPADOPOULOS Georgios , TSELA Aikaterini
Published: February 2024

Nitrogen fertilization is important for plant development. Because of the problems caused by urea, which is mainly used in nitrogen fertilizers, new types of fertilizers have inhibitors, that control the fertile disposal in soil. In addition, tillage practice is important in order to maintain soil productivity and prepare a good seedbed. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of implications of urea fertilizer with and without nitrification (MPA) and urease inhibitor (NBPT), and conventional and no-tillage systems on plant growth and yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) crop. A field experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with four replications, two main plots (conventional and no-tillage system), and three sub-plots (control, urea with and without nitrification and urease inhibitors). The results indicated that fertilization significantly affected plant height, dry weight, seed yield and number of capitula and the highest values observed with urea with urease inhibitor. Tillage practice influenced the number of capitula and number of seeds per capitulum, and the higher numbers were found under conventional tillage. The findings of the present study imply that urea fertilizer with nitrification and urease inhibitors was very efficient and contributed a notable impact on the plant growth and yield of safflower.
Effect of Lentil Cover Cropping on Soil Hydraulic Properties and Subsequent Crop Productivity in Two Soil Types in Central Greece
Authors: TIGKA Evangelia , BESLEMES Dimitrios , KAKABOUKI Ioanna , VLACHOSTERGIOS Dimitrios , ROUSSIS Ioannis , DANALATOS Nikolaos
Published: February 2024

Agricultural management practices can significantly affect soil hydraulic properties and processes in space and time. Cover crops are described as “crops grown primarily for the purpose of protecting and improving soil between periods of regular crop production”. They have long been valued for their soil conservation benefits, including reducing erosion, increasing infiltration, and improving soil health. Experiments were carried out on a clayey and on a sandy soil, following a RCB design, for two years, to examine the effects of various lentil cover cropping managements on soil hydraulic properties and subsequent corn yield. Three legume managements were tested before growing corn (rotation, incorporation as green manure, no cover crop). Soil hydraulic properties were assessed with the equation I= S*t -1/2+ Ktr*t + d. Corm productivity was determined by field samplings. Green manuring and rotation with lentil, lowered the Infiltration rate as well as the Hydraulic conductivity in the sandy soil, suggesting less irrigation water losses and higher water exploitation for the subsequent crop. On the contrary, for the clay soil, only Hydraulic conductivity of transiting zone was affected and especially during springtime. Legume rotation and green manure positively affected corn kernel yield in both soils.
Effect of Land-Use Intensification on Soil Properties and Plant Species Diversity in the Mediterranean Agroecosystem
Authors: ZOTOS Anastasios , TRIANTAFYLLIDIS Vassilios , KOSMA Chariklia , KAKABOUKI Ioanna , ROUSSIS Ioannis , MAVROEIDIS Antonios , STAVROPOULOS Panteleimon , BILALIS Dimitrios
Published: February 2024

In recent decades, agriculture in Greece has undergone significant changes due to the intensification of land use. This intensification, contrary to the sustainable land management, has an impact on the healthiness of the environmental agroecosystem. This study aimed to investigate if these cultivation systems influence some of the main edaphic properties and plant species diversity and which are the main anthropogenic interventions which may have a decisive role in the changes of soil physicochemical properties and the reduction of plant species. To assess the environmental implications among different types of land-use, the most sensitive and reliable edaphic indicators were measured and plant species diversity was recorded. Three land-use types such as maize crops, alfalafa and abandoned land were selected and ten fields with an area of approximately 1 ha in each land use type were taken. The results indicate that among the edaphic parameters pH, sand, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter (SOM), NO3- as well as Ca+2 and Cu+2 soil concentration presented statistically significant differences among thirty cultivated fields. Among three different land uses, the edaphic variables EC, SOM, BD, Cal & Na concentrations presented significant differences. A higher soil organic matter content was observed in abandoned land while bulk density and electric conductivity value as well as Na+ concentrations were lower compared to other land uses. In total 122 taxa belonging to 30 families were recorded, while the families with the greatest species diversity were Poaceae, Asteraceae and Fabaceae in all land uses. Therophytes was the dominant life-form, followed by the Hemicryptophytes and Geophytes. The findings of the present study imply that different agronomic practices influence soil quality parameters, which are likely to affect species diversity and the environmental implications among different land uses.
The Behavior of some Table Grapevine Cultivars in Relation to Phomopsis Viticola (Sacc.) Attack in Târnave Vineyard
Authors: BOTEA Vlad , MUNTEAN Maria , SÎRBU Alexandra , CHEDEA Veronica , COMȘA Maria , TOMOIAGĂ Liliana Lucia , RĂCOARE Horia-Silviu
Published: February 2024

Phomopsis viticola (Sacc) causes excoriosis (Phomopsis cane and leaf spot), this results in high loses in grape production and in severe cases, death of the grapevine. The symptoms are as follows: the base of affected canes swells and blackens, and the scarred cortex may tear in longitudinal streaks, these canes are extremely fragile and easily break beneath their own load, other canes can completely dry. Data was collected and calculated (Phomopsis viticola AD, attack degree on leaves and canes) for the years 2021 and 2022, from the following cultivars: Kodryanka, Arkadia, Muscat New York, Moldova, Original, Muscat Poeloeske, and Muscat bleu as Vitis interspecific crosses cultivars, Victoria, Muscat Hamburg, Timpuriu de Cluj. Splendid and Transilvania as Vitis vinifera cultivars..Data comparison was done using the StatView software, ANOVA and ANCOVA test. In the present research work, it was demonstrated that in Tîrnave vineyard different table grapes cultivars behave differently to Phomopsis viticola (Sacc) attack.
Influence of the Climatic Conditions of the Year 2022 on the Grapevine Phenology at SCDVV Blaj
Authors: RĂCOARE Horia-Silviu , TOMOIAGĂ Liliana Lucia , COMŞA Maria , MUNTEAN Doiniţa Maria , BOTEA Vlad , FLOREAN Adrian Vasile , SÎRBU Alexandra Doina , CHEDEA Veronica Sanda
Published: February 2024

The present article attempts to describe how the effects of climate conditions affect the evolution of the grapevine phenological period in 2022. The cultivars used were Selena, Blasius, Rubin, Radames and two clones obtained approved in SCDVV Blaj: Sauvignon blanc 9Bl and Fetească albă 29 Bl. The experiment was carried out at SCDVV Blaj and included field observations, monitoring weather conditions such as temperature and precipitation. For the onset of the phenological phases: budding, flowering, veraison (colour change of grape berries) and ripening-maturation. The phenological phases of the grapevines were monitored for a growing season according to the protocol established, taking into account the BBCH grade. Temperature and precipitation are the two main climatic factors that affect the growth and development of the grapevines. Due to existing thermal conditions and continued global warming, the Târnave vineyard region is a recommended place for white grape cultivation.
Consumer Acceptance of a New Brand of Telemea Cheese. A Descriptive Sensory Analysis
Authors: MARES Corina A. , DUMITRAȘ Diana E. DUMITRAȘ
Published: February 2024

Descriptive sensory analysis may reveal information necessary to improve or maintain product quality and to understand consumers buying intentions. This study aimed to understand, by means of using descriptive sensory analysis, the consumer acceptance of a new brand of white sheep cheese ‘Telemea’ and to reveal its position in respect to competitive products. The evaluation was performed by a group of panelists who assessed four brands. The appearance-exterior, appearance-interior, odour, taste, and consistency were evaluated according to the DLG 5-point scheme as a descriptive sensory analysis method. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical tests. Further, the principal component analysis was used to better understand the differences and similarities between the four brands belonging to the same type of cheese. Results indicate that consumers highly appreciate the new brand and show high degree of acceptance compared to the other brands. The results of the descriptive sensory analysis represent the starting point in developing marketing strategies for producers of cheese, in close connection with consumers’ perceptions. Developing marketing strategies that take into account consumer preferences is vital for a product to succeed on the market in the long term.
The Influence of Climatic Conditions on Downy Mildew and Powdery Mildew in Târnave Vineyard
Authors: COMȘA Maria , TOMOIAGĂ Liliana Lucia , BOTEA Vlad , MUNTEAN Maria Doinița , SÎRBU Alexandra Doina , RĂCOARE Horia Silviu , CHEDEA Veronica Sanda , CĂLUGĂR Anamaria
Published: February 2024

The main diseases that affect the vineyards in the Târnave vineyard are: grapevine downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola and grapevine powdery mildew caused by Uncinula necator. The present study aimed to address the relationship between grapevine cultivars and the main diseases, downy mildew and powdery mildew, according to climatic variability and treatments applied. The analysis was carried out over two consecutive years 2021 and 2022 on five new cultivars, the creation of SCDVV Blaj: Selena, Blasius, Rubin, Radames and Brumăriu. Disease attack was determined during the vegetation period, until harvest. Cultivar susceptibility varied, some cultivars were relatively tolerant and no cultivar was highly resistant to both diseases. In addition, a difference between foliar and grape berry susceptibility to the two diseases was observed for several cultivars. This data provide a basis for developing low-treatment disease management strategies for specific grapevine cultivars based on downy mildew and powdery mildew susceptibility/tolerance.
Study Regarding the Status of Fungal Grapevine Trunk Diseases in some Romanian Vineyards
Authors: MUNTEAN Maria Doinița , TOMOIAGĂ Liliana Lucia , COMȘA Maria , TĂBĂRANU Gabriel , DINA Ionica , DOBROMOIR Daniela , CHEDEA Veronica Sanda
Published: February 2024

Romania is a wine-producing country, with a rich and long tradition in the field of viticulture. Field evaluation of the land and grapevines from a phytosanitary point of view is essential for establishing the most effective control methods for grapevine diseases and pests. Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) are currently considered one of the biggest threats to vineyard sustainability. In this study, GTD symptoms were investigated by direct field observations in vineyards from Blaj, Bujoru, Murfatlar and Miniș in 2020 throughout the vegetation period. In 2021 samples of the grapevines, showing signs of decline in the previous year were analyzed following traditional methods based on macroscopic examinations. A total of 69 samples were analyzed and symptoms of four GTDs were identified: Esca disease; Eutypa dieback; Phomopsis dieback and Petri disease. Out of these 55 % of the samples presented Esca disease symptoms. More than 80 % of the samples presented symptoms of 2 or more diseases at the same time.
Influence of Sowing Time on Plant Growth and Production for some Varieties of Chard, in Western Part of Romania
Authors: BEI Mariana , APAHIDEAN Alexandru Ioan , SZILAGYI Dorin , CARBUNAR Mihai , BUDĂU Ruben , DOMOCOS Daniela
Published: February 2024

In Romania, chard is a less cultivated species, being present in some areas of Transylvania, on small areas. This research followed the results regarding chard growth and quantitative and qualitative production, obtained by growing plants in the specific conditions Western Romania. Experiment was bifactorial (5x2 type), with ten experimental variants. Comparative crops were carried out in summer and autumn, respectively, with differences in chard plants development (diameter of leaf rosette, length of leaves and petiole) and in the production achieved by varieties used in this research. For some experimental variants, the yields obtained were over 40 t/ha, being comparable to those obtained and mentioned in literature. Chard leaves content in dry matter as well as vitamin C was also monitored, results being comparable to those obtained in other growing conditions in Europe. Sowing time influenced chard total production, in summer crop being higher compared to autumn one. Also, dry matter and vitamin C content was influenced, crops harvested in autumn registered higher results regarding these traits.
Evaluation of some Selections Obtained in the Strawberry Breeding Program
Authors: HERA Oana , PETRESCU Amelia , STURZEANU Monica
Published: February 2024

The strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) is a fruit species of interest to growers and consumers due to the early ripening of the fruits, high yields and special nutritional qualities (high content of minerals and vitamins). The paper evaluates the performance of 14 selections from Romanian strawberry breeding and a Romanian cultivar ('Premial') of strawberry under field conditions during 2021-2023. The characteristics evaluated are: phenological data, yield (g/plant), average fruit weight (g), firmness (N), shape, color, soluble solid content and pH. Based on the data obtained, from the 14 selections, it was proposed to introduce into next stages for evaluation those that recorded over 500 g/plant and over 20 g/fruit, namely: '16-3-188', '16-2-12', '16-3-170', '16-3-123'.
Scab Resistance in some Apples Genotypes from the UASVM Collection Cluj-Napoca
Authors: BIVOLARIU (GUZU) Georgeta Maria , ROȘU-MAREȘ Smaranda Doina , MOLDOVAN Claudiu , ZAGRAI Ioan , ZAGRAI Luminița Antonela , BORSAI Orsolya , ANDRECAN Andreea , CORDEA Mirela Irina
Published: February 2024

Apple is one of the most consumed fruits in the world and as well one of the most important crops in temperate areas. Apple scab, caused by Venturia inaequalis is damaging diseases that affects apple species and causes up to 70% yield losses depending of cultivar’s resistance. In order to control this disease, costly chemical pesticides are necessary, which increase the pollution of environment by their toxicity. This study is focused on checking the behaviour of certain apple varieties from the pomological collection at UASVM Cluj-Napoca against apple scab infection. Nine apple cultivars ('Fuji Kiku', 'Red Cap', 'Lena', 'Katja', 'Gala Mitchgla', 'Fiesta', 'Yellow', 'Pinova' and 'Reinette du Canada'), were analysed in terms of behaviour to scab attack on leaves and fruits. Visual observations were completed by molecular analyses for the potential presence of the Vf gene in some cases. Combining results from visual observation and molecular assays, the 'Lena' and 'Pinova' cultivars were noted as resistant to scab in our field trial conditions. This indicates a good opportunity to bring them into apple breeding programs for resistance to apple scab.
Histopathological Changes Caused by Parasites in Carangoides Bajad Fish in the Red Sea, Jeddah
Authors: BAKHRAIBAH Areej O. , BIN DOHAISH Al Jawaher A.
Published: February 2024

This research focused on discovering parasites in the fish Carangoides bajad (orange-spotted trevally) (Forsskal, 1775) that were captured from the Red Sea off Saudi Arabia. Carangoides bajad (n = 120) were collected during the spring and summer of 2019. Internal parasites were extracted and subjected to parasitological analyses and fish intestines were subjected to histopathological analyses. The average length and weight of Carangoides bajad were 39.88 ± 8.7 cm and 1.68 ± 0.58 kg, respectively. We identified Anisakis (17.5%), Lecithocladium (23.33%), and Bucephalus spp (29.17%) in the infected fish. Female fish outnumbered males, suggesting that sex significantly influence the prevalence of parasitic infections. Parasites, or evidence of parasitic infection, were not detected in small fish (weighing 0.5–0.90 kg or 1.0–1.49 kg, and 20.0–29.9-cm long). Similarly, the values of Fulton’s condition factor (K) ranged between 3.0–3.99 and 4.0–4.99, supporting the conclusion that these small fish were not infected with parasites. The data on larger fish (weighing 1.5–1.90 kg or 2.0–2.49 kg or 2.5–2.99 kg and length 20.0–29.9 cm or 30.0–39.9 cm or 40.0–49.9 cm or 50.0–59.9 cm) reveal that parasitic infections significantly influenced the length, weight, and Fulton’s condition factor (K) according to the prevalence and intensity of infection of Carangoides bajad. Histopathological examination revealed intestinal tissue damage; and 45% of inflamed tissues involved swelling of the intestinal villi. Further, we observed separation of the mucosal epithelia from the submucosa, proliferation of goblet cells, and lymphocyte infiltration accompanied by atrophy and lysis of intestinal villi. The present study demonstrates infection of Carangoides bajad with three types of parasites and documents their deleterious effects.
Morphocytometric Evaluation of Equine Oocytes Following In Vitro Maturation
Authors: ARYAN Hussam , MARDENLI Omar , GROZA Ioan
Published: February 2024

In the current study, 930 equine oocytes were collected, 765 (82.25%) of which were considered viable for in vitro maturation. All selected oocytes were matured for 27 h at 38.50 0C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in humidified air. 25 mm hepes-buffered TCM-199 supplemented with 2 mm sodium pyruvate, 1mm l-glutamine, penicillin (75 mg/ml), streptomycin (50 mg/ml) and 10% fetal calf serum was used for in vitro maturation. Following maturation, matured COCs were examined to investigate for first polar body formation. The morphocytometric assessment was performed using the motic image plus (MIP) software with an inverted microscope. Morphocytometric examination results showed highly significant differences (p<0.001) among groups of matured oocytes (zona pellucida thickness; <13 µm, cumulus oophorus thickness; < 10 µm and oocytes diameter; < 100 µm), where the rates were 63.39%, 33.59% and 30.58%, respectively. The results of morphocytometric evaluation based on zona pellucida thickness, cumulus oophorus thickness and oocyte diameter of the total 765 cultured oocytes showed that 197 oocytes (25.75%) were classified as excellent mature, 108 oocytes (14.11%) as mature good, 203 oocytes (26.53%) as immature and 257 oocytes (33.59%) were considered as degenerated. It is concluded thatthe oocytes rates differed according to the parameters (cumulus oophorus, oocytes diameter, zona pellucida).
Serological Prevalence of Ovine Fasciolosis at Two Slaughterhouse in the Province of Djelfa in Algeria
Authors: HEBALI Samiha , HAMIROUNE Mourad , SAIDI Radhwane
Published: February 2024

The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence and some associated risk factors of Fasciola hepatica in sheep in the Algerian agro-pastoral region, Djelfa. For this, a total of 217 blood samples were taken from sheep (100 females and 117 males) aged on average ten months in two slaughterhouses in an Algerian agro-pastoral region, Djelfa during the period from January to October 2021 and analyzed by the ELISA method (BIOK 211-Monoscreen AbELISA Fasciola hepatica test) at the regional veterinary laboratory of Laghouat. The collected sera were numbered and stored at -20°C until analysis. Technical sheets were filled out with each sampled animal, including information on age, sex, locality and season. The results showed that the rate of positive seroprevalence of Fasciola hepatica was 0.46% in sheep. This positivity rate was found in April in a 2-year-old female. At the same time, two doubtful cases (0.92%) were identified, one in a five-year-old female during the month of August and the other in a six-month-old male during the month of September. These results indicate the possibility of fasciolosis infestation in sheep farms in the Djelfa region and the zoonotic risk that this represents, as well as the economic losses that result from it.
A Survey on Surgical Analgesia Practice in Dogs and Cats Among Veterinarians in Cluj-Napoca
Authors: MELEGA Iulia , CIUNTU Dia-Hortenzia , OANA Liviu Ioan , PEȘTEAN Cosmin Petru
Published: February 2024

The present study aimed to assess attitudes, opinions and the methods used to treat surgical-induced pain among veterinarians practising in Cluj-Napoca. Thirty-six respondents were surveyed on a 31-item questionnaire that included demographic questions and two sections addressing pain control and analgesic use. Of all respondents, 52.8% consider their knowledge of pain recognition to be good (4/5); however, only 2.8% use pain-scoring tools. A small proportion of the respondents (16.7%) agree that cats are more resistant to pain than dogs, while 41.7% consider pain is good in some circumstances. For routine surgeries, the most popular opioid is butorphanol (62%), while tramadol was cited for major surgeries (58.3%). The most used NSAID is represented by meloxicam, while steroids are preferred over NSAIDs during major surgeries (60.1%). Overall, local veterinarians demonstrate a level of interest in pain control. However, excessive confidence in their personal experience to recognize pain often results in underestimation, under-medication and mismanagement of the patients in pain.
Reinforcing structures proliferated around a titanium implant inserted into the femur of female rabbits, in a hole smaller than the screw core
Authors: SABOU Ioan , GAL Adrian Florin , MATEI-LAȚIU Maria-Cătălina , RUS Vasile , RAȚIU Cristian , OROS Nicusor , OANA Liviu
Published: February 2024

One of the basic conditions for the clinical success of osseo-integrated implants is implant stability (Albrektsson and Zarb, 1993). It comprises two components, the primary stability that should be ensured at the time of insertion and the secondary stability, which gradually replaces the primary stability. The primary stability is ensured by the direct contact between the implant surface and that of the bone walls of the insertion hole. Secondary stability begins with the first position of new bone on the implant surface. The aim of the present study was to verify the reinforcing structures proliferated around the titanium implant inserted into the femur of 5 adult female rabbits, in a groove smaller than the screw core diameter. The results suggested that inserting the titanium implant into a hole with a smaller diameter than the screw core produces excessive pressure on the bone, which is felt up to a distance from the bone-implant interface. Consequently, mechanical strength of the bone is decreasing and proliferating bone consolidation formations appears on both periosteum and endosteum areas. Additionally, it was observed that newly proliferated bone extends laterally from the interface to a great distance, causing thickening of the bone wall. The observed structures were represented by branched bone trabeculae and bony protrusions into the medullary cavity, together with bone reshuffling processes with the appearance of numerous osteons, most of which are present at the level of the wall opposite the insertion area.