bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A guide to removing sutures
Authors: Ford Claire , Hill Barry
Published: November 2024

This article provides an overview of the wound healing process, outlining the four distinct phases of the healing cascade: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation. The different types of closure method are described and, specifically, the various types of surgical suture that can be used for wound closure, as well as the strengths and limitations of each. The article explains aspects of patient care that need to be considered such as obtaining informed consent, and the importance of nurses maintaining appropriate clinical skills. It concludes with a step-by-step outline of best practice on how to remove sutures.
Mental health nursing students and generic proficiencies: how educators can support assessment
Authors: Cutts Michelle , Hitchcock Kelly-Hellen
Published: November 2024

Recent shifts in nursing education towards generic proficiencies pose challenges to the unique demands of mental health nursing education. Student mental health nurses at the authors’ higher education institution (HEI) have provided service feedback that has expressed the difficulties they have encountered. This article examines the issues faced by students, assessors and educators in interpreting and applying the proficiency standards set by the Nursing and Midwifery Council. Addressing the complexities of mental health nursing education, as well as the barriers to learning and attainment, requires a collaborative effort and innovative solutions if HEIs are to successfully prepare future mental health nurses to meet the evolving demands of their role. The proposed solution is a ‘Proficiency Directory’, which provides structured resources for mental health nursing students to align learning experiences with assessment criteria, facilitating a more comprehensive and meaningful learning journey.
Nurses’ and midwives’ perception of the leadership skills and attributes required of future leaders
Authors: Bond Carmel , Plotkin Lisa , Stacey Gemma , Westwood Greta
Published: November 2024

Aim:

Identify the skills and knowledge future nurse and midwife leaders might require in the next 6 years. Design/methodology/approach: An online questionnaire elicited health professionals’ perspectives on the future requirements for nurse and midwife leaders. Qualitative data were generated in response on health care and the likely leadership skills for the future. Data were extracted and analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Findings:

Four generic categories were abstracted from the core category ‘Nursing and Midwifery Leadership’. These were values/traits; creating positive healthcare cultures; digital capability/competence; and systems thinking. Limitations/implications. This first stage evaluation has gained a wide variety of perspectives regarding the perceived skills and knowledge future nurse and midwife leaders might need. This is important to enable those who deliver leadership development programmes to plan appropriately, ensuring their programmes are designed and adjusted in response to the needs of a shifting health and care landscape. However, over 50% of respondents were White, so the data may not be representative of the diversity of registered nurses and midwives. The findings may not have direct relevance to the global context due to geographical limitations.
At a glance: pressure injuries
Authors: Williams Lisa
Published: November 2024

Pressure injuries, also known as pressure ulcers or ‘bed sores’, are caused by prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissues and are common in healthcare settings. They result from a variety of factors including pressure, moisture and friction, with a higher risk among older adults, post‑surgical patients and those with limited mobility or long‑term conditions. These injuries can extend hospital stays and significantly impact patient recovery and mortality risk. Prevention includes regular repositioning, the use of pressure‑relieving devices, skin care and nutritional support. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence provides guidelines to mitigate these risks through systematic risk assessments and targeted interventions. Early detection and specialist care by a multidisciplinary team are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Consistent pplication of prevention strategies are needed to reduce incidence, improve patient care and alleviate the economic burden of thesex injuries on the NHS.
Assessing and managing lower limb oedema: a clinical review
Authors: Hazim Alsararatee Hasan , Hussain Yaseen , Adnan Adnan
Published: November 2024

Lower limb oedema is a common condition in clinical practice, frequently affecting the distal lower limbs. Whereas benign causes such as prolonged sitting or standing are typical, oedema can also indicate serious systemic diseases such as cardiac failure, liver disease, or renal impairment. Identifying the cause is crucial to prevent irreversible skin and tissue changes. This clinical review aims to increase the knowledge of advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) and generalist practitioners, including practice and community nurses, by providing an overview of how to approach patients with lower limb oedema, encompassing history-taking, examinations, investigations, and management plans. The main focus is on lymphoedema, which can be primary or secondary. Primary lymphoedema results from genetic abnormalities, while secondary lymphoedema arises from acquired defects due to factors such as obesity, infections, neoplasms, and trauma. Effective management includes addressing the underlying cause, ensuring proper skin care, recommending appropriate exercises, and the use of compression garments. Referral to a lymphoedema specialist is recommended for patient education on managing and treating the condition when required. Additionally, the article discusses the importance of regular skin inspections, minor injury management, environmental considerations, and the critical role of compression garments in lymphoedema management. This comprehensive approach aims to enhance patient outcomes and provide a thorough strategy for ACPs and generalist practitioners.
Surgical site infections in caesarean wounds
Authors: Mitchell Aby
Published: November 2024

The increasing incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) following caesarean sections highlights the necessity for updated protocols that address risk factors throughout the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative stages. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) and hydrocolloid dressings have demonstrated potential for improving wound management and reducing complications, particularly by enhancing dressing integrity. Nevertheless, the application of NPWT requires careful consideration and adherence to local trust guidelines to ensure both its safety and efficacy.
Cerebral fat embolism following autologous fat injection in facial reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Chen Xiu-Ying , Shen Fa , Cheng Chang , Wang Yu-Han , Cheng Wen-Chao , Yuan De-Zhi , Huang Wen
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Autologous fat injection in facial reconstruction is a common cosmetic surgery. Although cerebral fat embolism (CFE) as a complication is rare, it carries serious health risks.

CASE SUMMARY

We present a case of a 29-year-old female patient who developed acute CFE following facial fat filling surgery. After the surgery, the patient experienced symptoms including headache, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty breathing, which was followed by neurological symptoms such as slurred speech and left-sided weakness. Comprehensive physical examination and auxiliary investigations, including blood tests, head and neck computed tomography angiography, and cranial magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging, were performed upon admission. The clinical diagnosis was acute cerebral embolism following facial fat filling surgery. Treatment included measures to improve cerebral circulation, dehydration for intracranial pressure reduction, nutritional support, and rehabilitation therapy for left limb function. The patient showed a significant improvement in symptoms after 2 weeks of treatment. She recovered left limb muscle strength to grade 5, had clear speech, and experienced complete relief of headache.

CONCLUSION

Our case highlights the potential occurrence of severe complications in patients undergoing fat injection in facial reconstruction. To prevent these complications, plastic surgeons should enhance their professional knowledge and skills.
Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation and nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1 mutation in the Sotos syndrome with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Zhu Wei
Published: November 2024

Sotos syndrome is characterized by overgrowth features and is caused by alterations in the nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1 gene. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is considered a neurodevelopment and psychiatric disorder in childhood. Genetic characteristics and clinical presentation could play an important role in the diagnosis of Sotos syndrome and ADHD. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to assess medical images in Sotos syndrome and ADHD. The images process is considered to display in MRI while wavelet fusion has been used to integrate distinct images for achieving more complete information in single image in this editorial. In the future, genetic mechanisms and artificial intelligence related to medical images could be used in the clinical diagnosis of Sotos syndrome and ADHD.
Malpractice or masterful practice? Navigating vicarious liability in healthcare
Authors: Pai Satvik N , Jeyaraman Naveen , Jeyaraman Madhan , Ramasubramanian Swaminathan
Published: November 2024

In the intricate landscape of healthcare, vicarious liability looms large, shaping the responsibilities and actions of healthcare practitioners and administrators alike. Illustrated by a poignant scenario of a medication error, this article navigates the complexities of vicarious liability in healthcare. It explains the legal basis and ramifications of this theory, emphasizing its importance in fostering responsibility, protecting patient welfare, and easing access to justice. The paper explores the practical effects of vicarious responsibility on day-to-day operations, leadership practices, and decision-making processes via the eyes of senior consultants, junior doctors, and hospital administrators. Through comprehensive insights and real-world examples, it underscores the imperative of fostering a culture of accountability, communication, and quality care to navigate the intricate web of liabilities inherent in modern healthcare.
Carcinosarcoma of the breast: Facing the challenge of a rare nosologic entity
Authors: Mastoraki Aikaterini , Tsamopoulou Maria , Stamatis Foivos-Konstantinos , Strimpakos Alexios , Mouchtouri Ero , Panagi Christiana , Mela Evgenia , Mastoraki Sotiria , Kechagias Aristotelis , Schizas Dimitrios
Published: November 2024

Carcinosarcoma (CS), also known as metaplastic breast carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation, is one of the five distinct subtypes of metaplastic breast cancer. It is considered as a mixed, biphasic neoplasm consisting of a carcinomatous component combined with a malignant nonepithelial element of mesenchymal origin without an intermediate transition zone. Although cellular origin of this neoplasm remains controversial, most researchers declare that neoplastic cells derive from a cellular structure with potential biphasic differentiation. Despite recent research on the therapeutic strategies against CS neoplastic disorders, surgical resection appears the only potentially curative approach. Since CS metastasize by the lymphatic route, axillary assessment with sentinel lymph node biopsy and/or axillary lymph node dissection is always implemented. Nevertheless, the tumor also presents a hematogenous metastatic pattern including pleural, pulmonary, liver, brain and less commonly bone metastases. Thus, surgical removal of breast CS does not necessarily ensure patient’s long-term recovery. Moreover, alternative therapies, such as radio- and chemotherapy proved insufficient and 5-year survival rate is limited. Nevertheless, there is evidence that following surgery, the combination of radio and chemotherapy is associated with a better prognosis than either treatment alone. The aim of this review is to evaluate the results of surgical treatment for breast CS with special reference to the extent of its histological spread. Clinical features, histogenesis, morphological and immunochemical findings are discussed, while the role of current diagnostic and therapeutic management of this aggressive neoplasm is emphasized.
Revisiting Point Pleasant, West Virginia: Notes on the Changing Geographies of an Appalachian Town
Authors: Kruse Robert
Published: November 2024

abstract: This geographical note revisits the town of Point Pleasant, West Virginia and provides an update on a paper published in 2015. Long known as the site of the Battle of Point Pleasant, The Silver Bridge Tragedy, and alleged sightings of a winged, red-eyed creature called the "Mothman," Point Pleasant and Mason County are currently in the midst of an economic transformation. This paper reveals how the growth of the Mothman Festival and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have provided new opportunities for economic development, and helped attract three new industries to the area. Drawing from interviews with two town leaders and a lifelong resident, this essay offers a perspective on how recent innovations, strong leadership, and continuity anchored in a strong sense of place are moving the town forward towards prosperity.
Optoelectronic oscillator using visible LEDs and plastic optical fibers
Authors: Ferreira Vitor T. , Magri Vanessa P. R. , Santos Alexandre C. T. , Ribeiro Ricardo M.
Published: November 2024

This paper describes an optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) capable of accepting CW light as input and providing radio-frequency (RF) carriers as output. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to describe an easy-to-assemble and low-cost OEO that uses visible LED sources with a standard 1 mm diameter plastic optical fiber as part of the oscillation ring. The gain is solely provided by a transimpedance pre-amplifier integrated with a photodetector. Self-oscillations occurred. Fundamental frequencies in the 7.7–26.5 MHz range were generated, since the length of the fiber and the bias current feeding the LED are both correctly tuned. A comprehensive approach is used to explain the operation of the OEO. The proposed OEO may be didactically useful for use in research or teaching laboratories by untrained people.
Influence of the size of the cubic atomic vapor cell on a Rydberg atomic microwave sensor
Authors: Zhang Liting , Li Zhonghao , Liu Shuai , Xu Shihong , Kong Jingxia , Zhao Rui , Guo Hao , Wen Huanfei , Li Xin , Ma Zongmin , Tang Jun , Liu Jun
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the enhancement of the microwave (MW) electric (E) field due to the Fabry–Perot (FP) effect in cubic cells of varying sizes, and it is confirmed that the lower limit of MW power can be measured. Theoretical simulations and empirical validations are conducted for three vapor cells of different sizes. At a MW frequency of 23.904 GHz, the FP effect in the 10 mm cell is found to significantly enhance the MW E-field relative to larger cells (20 and 25 mm). The results show that, due to the existence of the FP effect, the lower limit of MW power can be measured in the cubic atomic vapor cells with different sizes. These findings contribute to the advancement of the vapor cell design for quantum accuracy measurements and the development of future atomic MW communication technologies.
Sensitivity improvement of fiber optic interferometric hydrophone based on composite structure
Authors: Guang Dong , Sun Xiaoyuan , Shi Jinhui , Wu Xuqiang , Zhang Guosheng , Zuo Cheng , Zhu Pengcheng , Yu Benli
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes a high-performance fiber optic interferometric hydrophone based on composite structure. Based on the air-backed push-pull fiber optic hydrophone structure, the inner elastic tube is replaced by a thick hollow column, introducing axial acoustic pressure sensing to improve the detection sensitivity of the fiber optic hydrophone. The influence of axial stress on the deformation of the composite structure is investigated by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and the structural design of fiber optic hydrophone with high acoustic pressure sensitivity and wide frequency response range is realized. The experimental results indicate that the average sensitivity of the fiber optic hydrophone based on the composite structure reaches –113.25 dB re rad/µPa with a frequency range of 10 Hz-3 kHz, approximately twice as much as compared with the push-pull structure, which is basically in accordance with the theory and simulation. Besides, the minimum detectable pressure (MDP) of the fiber optic hydrophone is about 2 µPa/√Hz at 1 kHz and 0.56 mPa/√Hz at 10 Hz. Compared to other state-of-the-art mandrel fiber optic hydrophones, the composite structure has improved MDP by at least 6 dB at 1kHz, which provides excellent potential for application in underwater weak signal detection.
Long-wave Infrared Computational Multispectral Metasurface and Spectral Reconstruction Method
Authors: Wang Shang , Lu Lidan , Zhu Lianqing
Published: November 2024

We designed a computational multispectral metasurface based on photonic crystals. The study results show that in the 8-11.5\textmu m wavelength range, the 3×3 photonic crystal array structure exhibits an average transmittance correlation of 0.17, with peak transmittance values ranging from 62.5% to 89.1% and an average energy utilization rate of 32.65% and 49.37%. Additionally, to evaluate the spectral reconstruction performance of the transmission spectra under different photonic crystals, a spectral reconstruction deep learning network was constructed with the mean squared error is 1.292×10−3. This establishes a foundation for future integration on superlattice detectors, aimed at enhancing device integration, reducing system power consumption, and lowering costs.
Beyond IC50—A computational dynamic model of drug resistance in enzyme inhibition treatment
Authors: Roadnight Sheehan J. , de Wijn Astrid S. , Freire Thales Souza , Friedman Ran
Published: November 2024

Resistance to therapy is a major clinical obstacle to treatment of cancer and communicable diseases. Drug selection in treatment of patients where the disease is showing resistance to therapy is often guided by IC50 or fold-IC50 values. In this work, through a model of the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), we contest using fold-IC50 values as a guide for treatment selection. CML is a blood cancer that is treated with Abl1 inhibitors, and is often seen as a model for targeted therapy and drug resistance. Resistance to the first-line treatment occurs in approximately one in four patients. The most common cause of resistance is mutations in the Abl1 enzyme. Different mutant Abl1 enzymes show resistance to different Abl1 inhibitors and the mechanisms that lead to resistance for various mutation and inhibitor combinations are not fully known, making the selection of Abl1 inhibitors for treatment a difficult task. We developed a model based on information of catalysis, inhibition and pharmacokinetics, and applied it to study the effect of three Abl1 inhibitors on mutants of the Abl1 enzyme. From this model, we show that the relative decrease of product formation rate (defined in this work as “inhibitory reduction prowess”) is a better indicator of resistance than an examination of the size of the product formation rate or fold-IC50 values for the mutant. We also examine current ideas and practices that guide treatment choice and suggest a new parameter for selecting treatments that could increase the efficacy and thus have a positive impact on patient outcomes.
Early identification of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Authors: Liu Yang S. , Talarico Fernanda , Metes Dan , Song Yipeng , Wang Mengzhe , Kiyang Lawrence , Wearmouth Dori , Vik Shelly , Wei Yifeng , Zhang Yanbo , Hayward Jake , Ahmed Ghalib , Gaskin Ashley , Greiner Russell , Greenshaw Andrew , Alexander Alex , Janus Magdalena , Cao Bo
Published: November 2024

Signs and symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are present at preschool ages and often not identified for early intervention. We aimed to use machine learning to detect ADHD early among kindergarten-aged children using population-level administrative health data and a childhood developmental vulnerability surveillance tool: Early Development Instrument (EDI). The study cohort consists of 23,494 children born in Alberta, Canada, who attended kindergarten in 2016 without a diagnosis of ADHD. In a four-year follow-up period, 1,680 children were later identified with ADHD using case definition. We trained and tested machine learning models to predict ADHD prospectively. The best-performing model using administrative and EDI data could reliably predict ADHD and achieved an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.811 during cross-validation. Key predictive factors included EDI subdomain scores, sex, and socioeconomic status. Our findings suggest that machine learning algorithms that use population-level surveillance data could be a valuable tool for early identification of ADHD.
The Relationship Between Passion for Teaching, Job Satisfaction, and Happiness among of Vietnamese Early Childhood Teachers
Authors: Phuong Vo Thanh , Ha Yeonhee
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the relationship between passion for teaching, job satisfaction, and happiness among of Vietnamese early childhood teachers. From October 7 to October 17, 2022, a Google Form survey was administered to 212 early childhood teachers in Da Nang, Ho Chi Minh City, and Quang Nam, Vietnam. The results showed a significant positive correlation between Vietnamese early childhood teachers' passion for teaching and happiness. Additionally, job satisfaction demonstrated a significant positive correlation with happiness. Multiple regression analysis, confirmed the significance of theses relationships. The findings suggest that Vietnamese early childhood teachers currently experience a relatively high level of happiness in their roles. Consequently, the Vietnamese government should consider ongoing measures to cultivate a environmen that allows early childhood teachers to take pride in their profession, fostering a sense of mission and enabling them to continue their teaching jobs with passion and happiness.
A Life History of Young-do Kim, a Mixed-race Person from the Korean War
Authors: Amy Hutchinson
Published: November 2024

Qualitative research into Kim Young-do's life history offers valuable insights into the societal pressures faced by individuals from multicultural backgrounds stemming from the Korean War. Kim Young-do's mixed-race heritage sheds light on the profound social structural challenges prevalent in Koran society from the 1950s to the mid-1980s. In 1987, Kim Young-do immigrated to the United States, where he encountered significant obstacles due to language barriers. This transition marked a pivotal phase in his life, highlighting the complexities of adapting to and integrating into a new cultural and linguistic milieu. The study emphasizes how historical events and social structures continue to shape individual experiences, particularly in terms of cultural and linguistic barriers affecting immigrant identities. It also explores baseball as a transformative catalyst in Kim Young-do's journey, significantly influencing his educational pursuits. After graduating from college, he dedicated himself to a career in education, illustrating the vital role of educators and paternal figures in shaping the lives of students. This research underscores the intricate interplay between identity, societal expectations, and personal ambitions in multicultural contexts, emphasizing the enduring impact of educational guidance and mentorship on individual trajectories.
A Consensual Qualitative Research on Decent Work of Migrant Women with Children
Authors: Pyo Sohwi , Yang Eunjoo
Published: November 2024

The study explored the characteristics of “good work” as perceived by migrant women with young children, and the challenges and resources in their work experiences. In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 migrant women with at least three years of work experience, and the interviews were analyzed using consensual qualitative research methods. The domains and categories that emerged from the analysis were reviewed by two external experts and revised, resulting in five domains and 23 categories. The results of the study revealed seven categories of decent work conditions perceived by migrant women: a work schedule that allows them to combine work and childcare, reasonable compensation, job security, welfare, an emotionally safe environment, moderate work intensity, and work that matches their level of Korean. In terms of migrant women's work experience, four domains and 16 categories were identified: the challenges of intersectionality of minority identities, psychological adaptive resources in work experience, social resources in work experience, and growth through working. The challenges of intersectionality of minority identities domain included language differences, work-family conflict, marginalization due to labeling as a migrant women, acculturation stress within the family, inaccessible institutional resources, and economic constraints. Psychological adaptive resources in the work experience domain included career adaptability, motivation, emotional regulation, and acculturation efforts. The social resources of the work experience domain included support from family and friends, support at work, support from organizations, and support from public policy. Finally, the categories of finding a better job and belonging were identified in the growth through the working domain. These findings are expected to contribute to the empirical understanding of decent work among migrant women and provide a basis for policy proposals to promote decent work.
Errors in the diagnosis of clinical hyperandrogenism in clinical practice using the example of telemedicine consultations «doctor-patient» and «doctor-doctor» at the Endocrinology Research Centre
Authors: Sheremetyeva E. V. , Andreeva E. N. , Melnichenko G. A.
Published: November 2024

Hyperandrogenism syndrome (HA) is a large group of endocrine diseases that occur due to various pathogenetic mechanisms, but are united by the principle of similar clinical symptoms due to excessive quantity and/or quality (activity) of male sex hormones in the female body. HA is one of the most common pathologies of the endocrine system in women of reproductive age. Patients with HA seek help from various specialists: cosmetic defects — to a cosmetologist, menstrual irregularities and infertility — to a gynecologist, pediatricians (congenital dysfunction of the adrenal cortex), therapists and endocrinologists  — remote consequences: dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension and carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Testosterone (T) occupies a key position in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonads system. In women, it is synthesized by the adrenal cortex, ovarian cells, and is also formed in peripheral tissues. Russian clinical diagnostic laboratories have various diagnostic systems for determining all sorts of biochemical parameters and markers. The accuracy and correctness of the  determination depend on the availability of an adequate and accessible method, as well as the characteristics of the woman’s somatic status, for example, the presence of obesity. The emergence and development of modern technology of high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection, which provides high productivity, almost 100% selectivity, the necessary sensitivity and reproducibility, allows using HPLC-MS/MS as a method recommended by clinical guidelines for diagnosing biochemical hyperandrogenism, which allows excluding false diagnoses in routine clinical practice.
The history of the formation of the Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies of the Endocrinology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Authors: Vitiazeva I. I. , Barmina I. I.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the main prerequisites for the creation and the history of the development of the therapeutic and diagnostic department of assisted reproductive Research Centers of the Russian Federation of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «NMIC Endocrinology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The main tasks of this unit are the organization and provision of effective medical care for men and women with reproductive disorders, including against the background of endocrine diseases present. The specialists of the department apply a personalized approach to the management of a married couple from the moment of the beginning of the examination to the successful gestation.
Meta-analysis of experimental studies of the effect of melatonin monotherapy on the levels of thyroid hormones and glucocorticoids in rats kept under standard condition
Authors: Kuzmenko N. V. , Tsyrlin V. A. , Pliss M. G.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Melatonin is known to modulate circadian and seasonal rhythms in metabolism, reproduction, and behavior. However, the effect of exogenous melatonin supplementation on the functioning of the thyroid and adrenal glands in species without a clear seasonality in reproduction is still unclear.

AIM: Using a meta-analysis of publications, to investigate the effect of melatonin monotherapy on the concentrations of pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid hormones (TG), pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone (CS) in rats kept under standard laboratory conditions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our work, using the Review Manager 5.3 program, we conducted a meta-analysis of publications examining the effect of melatonin monotherapy on the functioning of the thyroid gland (22 papers) and adrenal glands (20 papers) in rats kept under standard conditions.

RESULTS: According to the results of our meta-analysis, the effects of melatonin on the levels of TG and CS depend on the dose and duration of therapy. A decrease in TG and CS was associated with therapy lasting no more than 4-5 weeks and with high doses of melatonin. An increase in CS and a trend toward increased TG levels were observed with longer therapy. However, a few studies have observed a decrease in TG with very long-term melatonin therapy (≥32 weeks). Among all TGs, total thyroxine (T4) showed maximum sensitivity to exogenous melatonin, which indicates the influence of melatonin on the secretory function of the thyroid gland. In addition, melatonin increased the relative weight of the adrenal glands. There was no convincing evidence that the effects of melatonin were influenced by the route and timing of administration, or the timing of blood sampling.

CONCLUSION: As a result, exogenous melatonin can modulate TG and CS levels, even in species without a clear seasonality in reproductive function.
Non-classical hormones from the fibroblast growth factor family
Authors: Gronskaia S. A. , Rusyaeva N. V. , Belaya Zh. E. , Melnichenko G. A.
Published: November 2024

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a group of signaling molecules named for their ability to promote the growth and proliferation of fibroblasts and various other cell types. Typically, FGFs exert their effects locally by binding to receptors within the tissues where they are synthesized. However, certain members of this family, such as FGF 19, FGF 21, and FGF 23, diverge from this pattern. Following synthesis, these FGFs enter the bloodstream and act on distant organs and tissues by binding to their receptors and associated cofactors, thereby classified as non-classical hormones within the FGF family.

The biological functions of FGFs are diverse and contingent upon the specific receptors and cofactors involved in their signaling pathways. For instance, FGF 19 and FGF 21 play crucial roles in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, whereas FGF 23 primarily influences phosphorus metabolism. Given their varied roles, FGFs present promising targets for therapeutic interventions and drug development.

This review aims to consolidate current understanding of FGF family hormones, elucidating their biological impacts and exploring their potential applications as therapeutic targets.
Thyroid cancer in a child with Cowden syndrome
Authors: Bricheva E. B. , Nagaeva E. V. , Brovin D. N. , Bondarenko E. V. , Sheremeta M. S. , Bezlepkina O. B. , Olina T. S. , Kovalenko T. V.
Published: November 2024

Cowden disease (Cowden syndrome) refers to PTEN-associated hamartoma tumor syndromes. It arises due to a mutation in the phosphatase and tensin homolog gene, one of the main functions of which is cell cycle regulation. The presence of a mutation in the gene leads to uncontrolled cell growth, and patients have a lifelong increased risk of neoplasms of various degrees of malignancy. This article presents a clinical case of Cowden syndrome with an early debut at the age of 7 years. The combination of macrocephaly (SDS of head circumference >2) with various skin manifestations (facial trichilemmomas, acral keratosis, papillomatous papules) and the presence of benign and/or malignant neoplasms are pathognomonic for Cowden syndrome. Of the malignancies, breast and thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and endometrial cancer are the most common. Thyroid carcinoma has been shown to have an earlier age of manifestation and often occurs already in childhood. This determines the need to screen patients with a proven mutation in the PTEN gene for nodal neoplasms from an early age. If surgical treatment is necessary, thyroidectomy remains preferable due to the frequent recurrence of nodules, as well as the uncertain potential for malignancy due to the low study of thyroid nodules in patients with mutations in the PTEN gene.
Analysis of the provision of medical care using telemedicine technologies at the endocrinology research centre
Authors: Nazarova A. S. , Prikazchikova S. S. , Kalashnikov V. Y. , Melnichenko G. A. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: In the first months after the pandemic of the COVID-19, the provision of medical care through telemedicine technologies took a leading position, in particular regarding endocrine nosologies. Meanwhile, at present, comprehensive information on telecommunications interaction between doctors of various medical organizations of the regions of the Russian Federation and employees of federal centers is insufficient, which determines the relevance of studying this topic.

AIM: Analysis of the provision of medical care in remote interaction of medical workers using telemedicine technologies («doctor-doctor») between the Endocrinology Research Centre and the regions of the Russian Federation in 2019–2023.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center, observational, single-sample study was conducted, including completed planned and urgent telemedicine consultations in the format of «doctor-doctor « in the fields of «endocrinology» and «pedia­tric endocrinology», conducted through a telemedicine system for remote consultations at federal and regional levels between 2019 and 2023. Data on the referral rate of medical personnel from the regions of the Russian Federation to the Endocrinology Research Centre for telemedicine consultations were analyzed, including annual dynamics of treatment, frequency of referrals from each region, nosological structure of referrals, and number of patients admitted to the center based on the results of these consultations. Analysis of interdepartmental cooperation between the Endocrinology Research Centre and other federal centers was also performed.

RESULTS: In the period from 2019–2023, 14,475 telemedicine consultations «doctor-doctor» were conducted. In 2019, medical workers from 78 regions of the Russian Federation applied to the Endocrinology Research Centre. By 2023, this figure has increased to 88 (including newly annexed territories). The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Tambov Region and Astrakhan Region were the leading regions in terms of the circulation of medicines at the Endocrinology Research Centre. In the nosological structure, the largest number of consultations in adult patients were conducted for acromegaly and primary hyperparathyroidism, in children for stunting and type 1 diabetes mellitus. In the period from 2019–2023, the Endocrinology Research Centre sent a total of 300 «outgoing» requests to 17 medical organizations.

CONCLUSION: Consulting with the use of telemedicine technologies has become a convenient and multifunctional way of providing medical care. Further analysis of the place of telemedicine in practical healthcare will expand its capabilities, including considering the introduction of financing by the territorial fund of compulsory medical insurance for this area of medical activity.
Optimization of Microcrystalline Cellulose Production from Brewer’s Spent Grain by Acid Hydrolysis
Authors: Kongkum Nutcha , Phakeenuya Vanarat , Kongruang Sasithorn
Published: November 2024

Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is the main insoluble solid by-product of the brewing industry. To add value to this non-wood material, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was prepared from BSG by alkaline pretreatment, bleaching, and subsequent acid hydrolysis to produce non-wood MCC. This study aimed to optimize MCC production using a statistical design (Box-Behnken) with three factors at three levels: acid concentration (0.5–1.5 M), hydrolysis time (70–90 min) and hydrolysis temperature (55–65 °C), to achieve the maximum yield and crystallinity of MCC derived from BSG. Results from 17 experimental runs revealed that the hydrolysis condition of 0.63 M HCl for 70 min at 61 °C yielded the highest output of 15% with a crystallinity index of 60%. The chemical structures and characteristics of MCC derived from BSG were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). FT-IR analysis showed that the major wavenumbers of lignin and hemicellulose after the chemical processes (1500 cm–1 and 1735 cm–1) decreased by 21.40% and 4.60%, respectively. The XRD chromatogram revealed that the XRD characteristic peaks were sharper after the chemical treatments, indicating an increase in cellulose crystallinity due to removing lignin and hemicellulose. The crystallinity index of MCC derived from BSG ranged from 55–64%, which is comparable in quality to commercial pharmaceutical MCC, Avicel® PH-101 (67.37%). These results demonstrated that MCC from BSG was successfully prepared by acid hydrolysis under optimized conditions. BSG proved a viable non-wood source for preparing MCC for application in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.
Izkušnje z učnimi delavnicami za uvedbo naprednega procesa zdravstvene nege v klinično prakso
Authors: Klancnik Gruden Maja , Mihelič Zajec Andreja , Rebec Doroteja , Novak Anja , Pintar Babič Matejka , Lubi Tamara , Podlipnik Tanja , Medvešček Smrekar Maja
Published: November 2024

Uvod: Uporaba naprednega procesa zdravstvene nege predstavlja za medicinske sestre v praksi velik izziv, zato so bile za njih organizirane učne delavnice za uvedbo  standardiziranih jezikov zdravstvene nege. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti izkušnje medicinskih sester z  zvedenim izobraževanjem.Metode: Uporabljena je bila kvalitativna deskriptivna  metoda. Instrument za zbiranje podatkov je bil evalvacijski list s tremi odprtimi vprašanji. V priložnostni vzorec je bilo vključenih 160 medicinskih sester, ki so se udeležile serije učnih delavnic v letih 2020 in 2021. Kvalitativna analiza zapisov je bila izvedena s tematsko mrežo.Rezultati: Na osnovi analize zapisov je bilo oblikovano tematsko omrežje »izkušnje udeležencev z učno delavnico« z dvema skupnima temama: »izvedba učne delavnice« in  «uporaba v praksi«. V okviru prve skupne teme so bile izkušnje udeležencev večinsko pozitivne, negativno je bilo ocenjeno le gradivo. V okviru druge skupne teme so prevladovali predlogi za uvedbo naprednega procesa zdravstvene nege v prakso, negativne izkušnje so se nanašale na zahtevnost vsebine, pozitivne pa na vpogled v znanja prihodnosti.Diskusija in zaključek: Udeleženci učnih delavnic so bili v večini zadovoljni z izvedbo učnih delavnic za uvedbo naprednega procesa zdravstvene nege, hkrati so izrazili tudi skrb o utemeljenosti uvajanja standardiziranega jezika v prakso v trenutni okoliščini pomanjkanja medicinskih sester. Nadaljevati je treba s sistematičnim formalnim, kot tudi neformalnim izobraževanjem medicinskih sester, ki delujejo v klinični praksi, pri čemer je za doseganje večjega učinka in večje motiviranosti treba uporabiti udeležencemprilagojene načine izobraževanja.
Duhovna oskrba žensk po spontani prekinitvi nosečnosti
Authors: Macuh Zala , Fekonja Zvonka , Franc Rosemarie , Kmetec Sergej , Mlinar Reljić Nataša
Published: November 2024

Uvod: Prekinitev nosečnosti predstavlja stisko za žensko, partnerja in družino. Pomembno je, da zdravstveno osebje v celovito zdravstveno obravnavo vključi tudi duhovno oskrbo. Namen pregleda literature je ugotoviti, kakšno  duhovno oskrbo najpogosteje potrebujejo ženske po  spontani prekinitvi nosečnosti.Metode: Izveden je bil sistematični pregled literature v  bazah podatkov CINAHL Ultimative, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library in Web of Science z iskalnim nizom v angleškem jeziku. Za prikaz iskanja, pregleda in izbora člankov za analizo je bil uporabljen diagram poteka PRISMA. Izvedena je bila kritična ocena člankov s kontrolnimi seznami Joanna Briggs Institute. Zbrani podatki so bili analizirani po metodi vsebinske analize.Rezultati: Iskanje je dalo 490 zadetkov, od katerih je bilo v končno analizo vključenih devet raziskav. Glavno kategorijo smo oblikovali na osnovi treh podkategorij: (1) čustvovanje in počutje, (2) medosebni odnosi in (3) duhovna rast.Diskusija in zaključek: Ugotovitve kažejo, da je pri zagotavljanju duhovne oskrbe ključno razumevanje duhovnih potreb in stisk, ki jih doživljajo ženske po spontani prekinitvi nosečnosti. Poleg medicinske oskrbe si zelo želijo tudi dobro duhovno oskrbo. Ženske svoje duhovne potrebe izražajo skozi čustva in občutke, ki jih morajo medicinske sestre in babice prepoznati ter se nanje ustrezno odzvati. Duhovna oskrba mora temeljiti na razumevanju, sočutju in podpori.
Penalty method for unilateral contact problem with Coulomb's friction in time-fractional derivatives
Authors: Essafi Lakbir , Bouallala Mustapha
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this work is to study a mathematical model that describes a contact between a deformable body and a rigid foundation. A linear viscoelastic Kelvin-Voigt constitutive law with time-fractional derivatives describes the material’s behavior. The contact is modeled with Signorini’s condition coupled with Coulomb’s friction law. We derive a variational formulation of the model, and we prove the existence of a weak solution using the theory of monotone operators and Caputo derivative and the Rothe method. We also introduce the penalized problem and prove its solvability using the Galerkin method. Furthermore, we study the convergence of its solution to the solution of the original problem as the penalization parameter tends to zero.
From Literature 2.0 to Twitterature or Xerature: The Birth and Canonicity of Nigerian Xerature
Authors: Waliya Yohanna Joseph , Ajimase Angela Awhobiwom , David Franklin Ubi
Published: November 2024

Nigerian literature has long used paper and film as primary media for cultural expression and exporting African culture and civilisation. However, the advent of datafication and botification in the turn of millennium, particularly within social media, has brought forth a new era. This shift is peculiarly evident in the ‘Twitterverse’, where Nigerian Twitterature, or ‘Xerature’, emerged in 2014, largely due to the work of Nigerian-American novelist Teju Cole. His minimalist ‘Twittories’ addressed Nigeria’s socio-political landscape. This article aims to raise awareness, trace the origins, and define this evolving genre while proposing canonisation and methodological approaches to its study reported in a sustained reading of Hafsat Dauda (@HafsahDauda)’s Las, Las Nigeria is Home 2020.
Bridging the Gap – Religionsdidaktische Unterrichtsforschung und -entwicklung im Design-Based Research (DBR)
Authors: Pirner Manfred L. , Fleischmann Augustine L.
Published: November 2024

Im Design-Based Research (DBR) – in Deutschland auch: fachdidaktische Entwicklungsforschung – werden Lehr-Lern-Szenarien (weiter-)entwickelt, in mehreren Zyklen erprobt, evaluiert und verbessert. Damit werden wie in kaum einem anderen Forschungsformat Unterrichtsforschung und -entwicklung miteinander verbunden. Das Format ist seit einigen Jahren auch in der religionsdidaktischen Forschung gewinnbringend verwendet worden. Exemplarisch wird von einem aktuellen DBR-Projekt zur Integration von Menschenrechtsbildung in den Religionsunterricht berichtet.
Praxeologie als Brücke zwischen religionspädagogischer Unterrichtsforschung und Praxis
Authors: Roose Hanna
Published: November 2024

Religionspädagogische Unterrichtsforschung ist in der Didaktik überwiegend defizitorientiert ausgerichtet. Sie gleicht die unterrichtliche Praxis mit didaktischen Erwartungen ab, die von außen an sie herangetragen werden, selber aber durch die Praxis nicht infrage gestellt werden. Die Praxeologie dient angesichts dieser Kluft zwischen didaktischen Maßstäben und (defizitärer) unterrichtlicher Alltagspraxis als Brücke. Sie leistet über eine „regularist notion“ von wiederholbaren und sich wiederholenden Praktiken (Routinen) einen Beitrag zur fachspezifischen Lernkulturforschung, die die Eigenlogik von Alltagspraxis im Religionsunterricht beschreibt. Und sie ermöglicht über eine „normative notion“ von Praktiken ein Gespräch über Normen, in dem didaktisch herangetragene Normen einer Relativierung bzw. Kritik unterworfen werden.
Investigating the Invisible: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study Testing the Entertainment-Education Model to Provide a PrEP Education Intervention to Kink-Involved Populations
Authors: Sprott Richard A. , Anderson Kaston D. , Wert Erik , Mulwa Kenya W. , Ratcliff Stephen E. , Forer Reni , Harvey Nikita , Randall Anna
Published: November 2024

A growing proportion of the global population engages in alternative sexual behaviors and relationships, which are commonly grouped and known as kink or BDSM (bondage-discipline, dominance-submission, sadism-masochism). Mainstream stigma and provider pathologizing of these behaviors and relationships may make kink-involved populations reticent to seek health care treatment. Moreover, some kink activities appear to expose kink-involved people to higher risks for HIV infection. To date, no studies have explored HIV risk prevention interventions for kink-involved people. The proposed study seeks to address the absence by describing a study designed to address HIV risk prevention with PrEP for this understudied and neglected population by testing an educational-entertainment intervention designed to focus on kink specifically. Using a repeated-measures randomized experimental methodology, this study proposes to include data collection and exposure to intervention materials at 3-month intervals over 12 months.