bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Ionic Complexes of Platinum(IV): [Ph3PCH3][PtBr5(dmso)] and [C(CH2OH)3NH3][K][Pt(SCN)6]
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Zykova A. , Zherebtsov D. , Eltsov O. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin,   Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

The first reports on dimethyl sulfoxide complexes appeared in the early 60s of the previous century. A large contribution into development of this field was made by a group of scientists led by Yu.N. Kukushkin, who studied the properties of complexes of platinum metals (II). Ionic dimethyl sulfoxide complexes of platinum (IV) are currently studied to a lesser extent. Methyltriphenylphosphonium (dimethylsulfoxide) pentabromoplatinate [Ph3PCH3][PtBr5(dmso)] (1) was obtained by dissolution of methyltriphenylphosphonium hexabromoplatinate in dimethyl sulfoxide with the 85% yield. Complexes of platinum with hexakis(thiocyanato-S)platinum anions have hardly been studied. According to the data from the Cambridge Structural Database CSD, only five hexakis(thiocyanato-S)platinum complexes were synthesized and structurally characterized, most of which had been obtained in the period from 1978 to 1999. Hexakis(thiocyanato-S)platinum complex of platinum [C(CH2OH)3NH3(K)][Pt(SCN)6] (2) with two different cations (potassium and organylammonium) was synthesized from tris(2-hydroxymethyl)methylammonium chloride and potassium hexathiocyanatoplatinate in an aqueous solution of acetone with the 58% yield. The structure of the synthesized compounds was proven by IR, NMR spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence analysis. The IR spectra of compounds 1 and 2 were recorded on a Shimadzu IRAffinity-1S IR spectrometer in KBr pellets in the range 4000–400 cm–1. The 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AVANCE 500 spectrometer (500 MHz). Chemical shifts were measured from the internal TMS standard for 1H nuclei, from the solvent signal for 13C nuclei (C 39.5 ppm). The elemental composition of the obtained samples was studied on a Jeol JSM 7001F scanning electron microscope equipped with an Oxford INCA X-max 80 X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometer.
Sorption Purification of Model Solutions from Iron and Silicon Ions Using Aluminum Oxyhydroxide
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Machekhina K. , Gryaznova E. , Merinova L. , Abramova P. ,   Rubius, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

The sorption processes of iron(III) and silicon ions from a model solution have been investi-gated using nanofibrous aluminum oxyhydroxide as a sorbent, obtained by oxidizing aluminum powder with water at a constant temperature in the range from 60 to 75 °C; its surface area is 196.16 m2/g, the pore diameters are from 2 to 15 nm, and the lengths are up to 1 μm. Aluminum powder was obtained by electric explosion of a conductor in argon. The adsorption processes have been studied for iron and silicon ions on aluminum oxyhydroxide and activated carbon from a model solution containing iron(III) ions, silicon, and organic substances of humic origin. The degrees of extraction of iron and silicon ions have been 82% and 41%, respectively, for the aluminum oxyhydroxide sorbent, at the initial concentration of iron 6.7 mg/L and 25.6 mg/L of silicon. For activated carbon, these have been 25% and 9% at the same weight of the sorbent sample. The sorption time is 4 hours. The value of the maximum sorption capacity of aluminum oxyhydroxide with respect to iron ions is 10 mg/g, and 38 mg/g for silicon ions from the model solution. The nanofibrous aluminum oxyhydroxide can be used at the post-treatment stage to remove iron associated with organosilicon compounds from groundwater, where iron substances are present in the colloid form and their concentration does not exceed 2 mg/L and the concentration of silicon does not exceed 12.4 mg/L, with organic substances up to 6.2 mg/L.
Increasing the Efficiency of the Electrolytic Chromiation Process
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Gruba O. , Vekesser N. ,   Branch of the Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force “Air Force Academy named after Professor N.Ye. Zhukovsky and Yu.A. Gagarin” in Chelyabinsk, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

The problem of increasing reliability and durability of machines, mechanisms, and instruments is common to all fields of technology. This problem can be solved by applying wear-resistant coatings and chromium-based alloys. The method of electrochemical chromium plating has a number of significant disadvantages: low current efficiency of chromium; the lowest dissipation ability among galvanic processes; high energy intensity; the presence of high internal stresses of chromium coatings; hydrogenation of chromium and base alloy sediments. Therefore, at present, a large number of studies are being carried out aimed at intensifying chromium plating processes. The present paper is aimed at studying the possibilities of optimizing the chromium plating process by changing the composition of an electrolyte. The currently used chromium plating electrolytes are classified according to the following parameters: electrolyte composition, process conditions, cathode current efficiency, and quality of the obtained coatings. On the basis of experimental studies carried out by the authors, the possibility of intensifying the process of electrolytic chromium plating from aqueous solutions by changing the composition of the electrolyte has been shown. The influence of a number of anions (SO_4^(2–), SiF_6^(2–), Cl^–, F^–,NH_2 SO_3^–, PO_4^(3–), IO_3^–, I_2 O_7^(4–)) on the quality of precipitation and the current efficiency has been studied. Methods for improving the most popular universal electrolytes have been proposed.
Synthesis of Ferritic Ceramics BaFe(11.9–х)Mn0.1TixO19 by Solid-Phase Reaction
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Pavlova K. , Zhivulin V. , Solizoda I. , Punda A. , Starikov A. , Sherstyuk D. , Vinnik D. ,   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation,   Tajik National University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: November 2023

Barium hexaferrite is among substances that are used to create materials in the field of electronics and energetics. Its special magnetic properties are important: high coercivity, magnetic permeability, etc. Recently the scientific community has shown great interest in the block structure of this material, which is expressed in high publication activity. However, an exhaustive review of the structure and properties of barium hexaferrite substituted with manganese and titanium has not yet been presented. Exactly these alloying elements, according to theoretical justifications, should significantly modify the crystal lattice and the properties of the object under study. In this paper the objects of research are ferritic materials with the structure of magneto plumbite. The aim of the study is to obtain a substituted ferrite composition BaFe(11.9-x)Mn0.1TixO19, where x= 0.1, 0.5, and 1. In the course of the study the technology of ob-taining the investigated material by solid-phase synthesis has been developed. It is shown that the optimal synthesis temperature is 1400 °C at an exposure time of 5 hours. The chemical composition was controlled by scanning electron microscopy with the function of microanalysis. It was also determined that the obtained ceramic samples had a large number of micropores, the average size of which was in the range of 5–50 micrometers. The lattice parameters of the synthesized material were evaluated using X-ray diffraction analysis. The nonmonotonicity of the change in the unit cell parameters was revealed. A correlation was established between the change in the Curie temperature and the increase in the concentration of alloying elements by differential scanning calorimetry.
Uncovering socio-temporal dynamics in online discussions: An event-based approach
Authors: Chen Bodong , Poquet Oleksandra
Published: November 2023

Online discussions are widely adopted in higher education to promote student interaction. However, prior research on online discussions falls short to estimate the effect of multiple factors collectively shape student interaction in online discussion activities. In this study, we applied a dynamic network analysis approach named relational event modelling to a data set from an online course where students participated in weekly discussion activities. In the relational event models, we incorporated multiple factors including participant characteristics, network formation mechanisms and immediate participation shifts. Results indicated that the instructor was more likely to initiate interactions but less likely to receive responses. Popularity, activity and familiarity established in prior relational events positively affected future events. Immediate participation shifts such as local popularity, immediate reciprocation and activity bursts also played a positive role. The study highlights the importance of considering multiple factors when examining online discussions, demonstrates the utility of relational event modelling for analysing online interaction and contributes empirical insights into student interaction in online discussions.
Implications for practice or policy:

Supporting online discussions in college classrooms requires instructors to consider multiple actors including pedagogical designs, technological affordances, learner characteristics and social dynamics.
Educators could go beyond simply counting student posts to paying attention to how students interact at a micro level.
Educators and instructional designers could pay attention to socio-temporal dynamics in online discussions and evaluate whether emerging dynamics in a particular course are desirable and conducive to student learning.
Dampak Revolusi Energi Amerika Serikat Terhadap Perekonomian Arab Saudi
Authors: Zabadi Fairuz , Siyar Siyar
Published: November 2023

The relationship between the United States and Saudi Arabia originated largely from oil trade. Meanwhile, in 2014 to 2017 the United States energy revolution, that make United States as the world most large oil producer, became one of the causes of the number of oil imports as well as the US oil dependency from Saudi Arabia to decline. This research is trying to find out the impact of the United States energy revolution on the economy of Saudi Arabia. This research uses descriptive qualitative method using secondary data. By using documentation collection data technic, the research also using online data to enrich the data. This study uses the concept of interdependence in the economic impact of the United States Energy Revolution on Saudi Arabia. This research found the fact that the United States made Saudi Arabia suffer losses due to reduced income and this made Saudi Arabia want to diversify their economies.
Diplomasi Komersial Indonesia di Era Digital Melalui Next Indonesia Unicorn (NEXTICORN)
Authors: Faizah Nurul , Siyar Siyar
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini berusaha mendeskripsikan strategi diplomasi komersial Indonesia dalam bidang ekonomi digital melalui Next Indonesia Unicorn (NextICorn) tahun 2017-2019.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan kerangka diplomasi komersial dari Evan Potter, pemerintah Indonesia dan pelaku bisnis telah melakukan lima aktivitas yang mendukung diplomasi komersial dengan venture capital terbaik yang berasal dari Amerika Serikat, Korea Selatan, Jepang, China dan Singapura. Aktivitas tersebut adalah: membangun citra positif dengan tujuan untuk menarik penanaman modal asing, menyediakan data bagi venture capital dan startup melalui forum NextICorn, melakukan roadshow ke berbagai negara untuk mengundang venture capital, melaksanakan proses negosiasi antara venture capital dan startup digital, dan membentuk Yayasan Next Indonesia Unicorn. Melalui berbagai upaya tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa strategi diplomasi komersial Indonesia dalam bidang ekonomi digital melalui Next Indonesia Unicorn dilakukan melalui aktivitas promotion of foreign direct investment, intelligent, networking and public relations, contract negotiator of implementation dan problem-solving.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PARTAI REPUBLIK TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI ‘TRUMP WALL’ DI PERBATASAN AS – MEKSIKO
Authors: Saputra Bayu
Published: November 2023

Pada masa kepemimpinan Donald Trump, Amerika Serikat kembali menaruh perhatian terhadap isu imigran ilegal yang marak masuk ke wilayah negaranya. Terutama imigran gelap yang berasal dari negara-negara Amerika Selatan melalui perbatasan AS-Meksiko. Para imigran menjadi subjek yang disalahkan kaum konservatif karena dianggap telah mengikis budaya lokal AS dan mengancam perekonomian nasional. Selanjutnya pemerintahan AS mengimplementasi sebuah kebijakan luar negeri yang populer dengan nama „Trump Wall? dengan dalih demi keamanan nasional. Perumusan „Trump Wall? tidak lepas dari adanya pro dan kontra serta peran partai Republik sebagai partai pengusung Donald Trump pada pemilihan presiden 2016 lalu. Para Republikan yang menguasai kursi legislatif AS pada 2017-2018 semakin memperkuat pengaruh ideologi Neo-Konservatif dalam politik domestik maupun luar negeri AS. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh partai Republik terhadap kebijakan luar negeri „Trump Wall?. Dalam artikel, Penulis menggunakan teori Neo-Konservatif dan Group Level of Analysis untuk membantu proses analisis.
HUBUNGAN ARAB SAUDI DAN QATAR PADA KONFLIK DI KAWASAN TIMUR TENGAH TAHUN 2017
Authors: Muh Ghozali Rahman
Published: November 2023

Didalam artikel ini menjelaskan mengenai konflik yang terjadi antara Arab Saudi dan Qatar pada tahun 2017.Konflik tersebut berujung pada pemutusan hubungan diplomatik oleh Arab Saudi terhadap Qatar.Aliansi yang dilakukan oleh Qatar dengan Iran mempengaruhi sikap yang diambil oleh Arab Saudi.Teori Balance of power dari tulisan KennethWaltz.Balance of power adalah suatu kondisi dimana negara ingin mempertahankan stabilitas sistem yang sudah ada(dalam sistem Anarki) tanpa merusak setiap unit negara dalam sistem internasional.Penulis menarik hasil dari penelitian ini yakni ditemukannya ancaman stabilitas ekonomi politik dan kepentingan nasional Arab Saudi atas aliansi yang dilakukan oleh Qatar dengan Iran.Didalam konflik yang terjadi, Qatar mempererat hubungan negaranya dengan Iran khususnya dalam ranah produksi sumber daya alam minyak dan gas LNG.Kerjasama LNG tersebut sukses sehingga dianggap sebagai sebuah ancaman bagi stabilitas perdagangan minyak Arab Saudi.
STRATEGI KEPOLISIAN SURABAYA DALAM PENCEGAHAN TERORISME PASCA PELEDAKAN BOM DI SURABAYA TAHUN 2018
Authors: Khairunnisa Brilliant Windy , Rohman Abid
Published: November 2023

Artikel ini berfokus menjelaskan bagaimana strategi Kepolisian Resor Kota Besar Surabaya dalam mencegah adanya terorisme pasca peledakan bom di Surabaya tahun 2018. Satuan Intelijen dan Keamanan di Kepolisian Resor Kota Besar Surabaya bertugas mengawali, menyertai, hingga mengakhiri setiap kegiatan operasional khususnya dalam hal pengamanan tindak transnasional terorisme di Surabaya pasca peledakan bom tersebut dalam rangka untuk menghindari adanya kejadian serupa kembali di masa mendatang. Di dalam pembahasan, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif-eksploratif berbasiskan data-data primer dan sekunder yang ditinjau dalam konsep keamanan non-tradisional. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan, bahwa Kepolisian Resor Kota Besar Surabaya memiliki beberapa strategi dalam pencegahan kasus terorisme serupa, antara lain pembangunan sistem dan kebijakan kelembagaan, penguatan kapasitas personel kepolisian, perluasan jaringan kerja sama internal maupun ekternal, serta peningkatan intensitas pembinaan kepada mantan pelaku tindak pidana terorisme dan keluarganya untuk kembali ke kehidupan nomal yang dilakukan secara berkala.
DIPLOMASI VAKSIN INDONESIA DALAM PROGRAM VAKSINASI NASIONAL
Authors: Maulidia Febryanti Nur , Zam Zamy Mohammad Wildhan Firmansyah , Violando Wiga Alif , Solikin Agus
Published: November 2023

For the success of the national vaccination program, Indonesia carries out vaccine diplomacy with various approaches, both bilateral and multilateral and involves all interested parties, with the main objective of opening access to vaccines to achieve the national interest, namely the success of overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The existence of a national vaccination program should be able to be followed by all citizens. However, in Sampang Regency, the enthusiasm of the community to vaccinate is very low. In addition, the lack of public awareness of Sampang to implement health protocols is also the cause of the high number of COVID-19 cases in Sampang. This research analyzes the role of Indonesia's vaccine diplomacy in the national vaccination program with a case study of socializing the importance of vaccination and the application of health protocols for the Sampang community in the effort to prevent COVID-19 using descriptive qualitative research methods. Socialization related to the importance of COVID-19 vaccination, the application of health protocols is very much needed to increase public awareness of Sampang in efforts to prevent and handle the COVID-19 pandemic. This socialization can not only be carried out by the government and health workers, but can also be started from oneself, and from the closest environment such as the head of the family or housewife who can carry out socialization in the family environment, among students through various community services, and religious figures through sermons or tausiyah so that the community also has a very important role in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.
PERAN DNETWORK SEBAGAI AKTOR NON-NEGARA DALAM MENGATASI ISU TENAGA KERJA DISABILITAS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ayu Diah Candra Kumala Dewi  , Karolina Paula Sisilia Surung  , Putu Titah Kawitri Resen
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini menjelaskan peran DNetwork dalam mengatasi permasalahan pekerja penyandang disabilitas di Indonesia. Meski jaminan hak-hak pekerja penyandang disabilitas telah diakui dan dituangkan dalam konstitusi Indonesia, namun penerapan aturan tersebut tentu tidak bisa serta merta dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi literatur. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori transnasionalisme dan konsep LSM untuk menjelaskan fenomena yang terjadi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa DNetwork berupaya berkolaborasi dengan berbagai pihak, termasuk dengan aktor lintas negara untuk mendukung pencapaian misinya. Kerja sama tersebut dilakukan dengan pemerintah daerah, pemerintah nasional, pemerintah internasional, organisasi internasional, organisasi nasional, organisasi lokal, kelompok atau komunitas masyarakat, bahkan individu. Dalam mengatasi masalah ketenagakerjaan bagi penyandang disabilitas, DNetwork telah mengambil peran dalam Pelatihan, Advokasi, Mendukung Proyek Percontohan, dan Fasilitator Komunikasi. Pelatihan merupakan upaya yang dilakukan DNetwork untuk meningkatkan kapasitas penyandang disabilitas agar lebih berdaya. Kemudian, advokasi yang dilakukan DNetwork untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap permasalahan ketenagakerjaan disabilitas yang sedang berlangsung sehingga dapat menjadi pendorong keberhasilan program yang mereka gagas. Peran pendukung pilot project juga dilakukan oleh DNetwork yang kerap menjadi model bagi para pemangku kepentingan. Terakhir, melalui platform dan kemampuannya, DNetwork mampu menjadi penghubung antara penyandang disabilitas dengan berbagai pihak, begitu pula sebaliknya.
Herbicide resistance cases in South Africa: A review of the current state of knowledge
Authors: Matshidze Mulweli M. , Ndou Vhuthu
Published: November 2023

Herbicides play a major role in weed management worldwide. However, herbicide resistance is a global challenge that threatens weed management and sustainable agriculture. In South Africa, over 36 years, ten weed species have evolved resistance to five modes of action. In this review, cases of herbicide resistance that were published in scientific journals, proceedings of congresses, theses or dissertations, and in the international survey of herbicide-resistant weeds, were included to give national and international scientists’ perspectives on the current status of herbicide resistance in South Africa. Since the last review was published in 2010, there have been new insights and novel techniques to document the molecular mechanism of herbicide-resistant weeds. Most cases of herbicide resistance in South Africa involved monocot and dicot weeds which are problematic in various cropping systems such as Lolium spp. (annual ryegrass), Phalaris spp. (canary grass), Avena spp. (wild oats), and Raphanus raphanistrum L. (wild radish). Understanding the extent of herbicide resistance and the molecular mechanism involved in herbicide resistance is paramount to developing novel techniques to manage herbicide-resistant weeds.
Significance:

Data presented in this review help raise awareness of the threat of herbicide resistance in South Africa.
Herbicide resistance in South Africa continues to evolve steadily through a wide range of weed species and modes of action.
The pros and cons of buccal swabbing and tail clipping for monitoring reptilian biodiversity
Authors: Adair Matthew G. , Forgus Jean-Jacque , Main Devon C. , Taft Jody M. , Da Silva Jessica M. , Tolley Krystal A.
Published: November 2023

In biodiversity research, the retrieval of genetic material from organisms is a common and essential component for assessing genetic diversity. The welfare of the organism, however, needs to be balanced against the overall goal of the intended research. One sampling technique often applied to retrieve DNA material from small reptiles is the removal of a small portion of the distal end of the tail. While most squamate reptiles have tail autotomy, some species (e.g. many iguanid lizards and snakes) do not regenerate tail tissue. We therefore explored the efficacy of a minimally disruptive technique, buccal swabbing, as an alternative to tissue sampling via tail clipping, particularly for species without tail autotomy, using dwarf chameleons (Bradypodion spp.) as a case study. The two sampling techniques were compared to assess the efficacy of DNA retrieval. We also evaluated the financial implications of each technique. The results indicate that buccal swabs paired with a specialised DNA extraction kit offer a feasible (although expensive), once-off alternative to tissue sampling, but with no material left for biobanking. Deviations in swab type used and the DNA extraction process (i.e. using more affordable extraction procedures) resulted in poor DNA retrieval and unreadable sequences. This finding suggests that buccal swabbing can be a suitable alternative when finances are not constrained, an expensive extraction kit is available, and biobanking is not a concern. For researchers from low- to middle-income economies, this expensive alternative may hamper research progress by placing a financial obstacle in the way, and therefore the next best option is tissue sampling.
Significance:
This study provides guidance on the efficacy of buccal swabs as a viable alternative to tissue samples collected via tail clipping for DNA retrieval from small reptiles. The results indicate that swabs may be a feasible alternative to tissue samples when finances are not constrained. Deviations in buccal swabbing method (i.e. using more cost-effective alternatives) performed poorly in DNA retrieval and do not offer competitive alternatives to tissue samples. Although buccal swabs were shown to offer an alternative to tissue samples, the financial implications to research in low- to middle-income economies may hinder research goals unnecessarily.
Cave Levels in the Dachstein Massif (Eastern Alps)
Authors: Rummler Lina , Plan Lukas
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates the vertical distribution of horizontal and subhorizontal cave passages in the Dachstein Massif of Austria. Cave passages that are confined to vertical ranges, so-called cave levels, can be correlated with former valley floors and thus reflect tectonically and climatically stable periods. Previous studies analyzed significant karst Massifs (or parts of them) in the Northern Calcareous Alps but have excluded the Dachstein massif so far. The Dachstein is the second largest massif in the area, contains many extensive caves, and plays a key role in reconstruction of landscape evolution (“Dachstein surface”). In contrast to some previous works, we aimed to analyze only passages that formed (or are forming) under phreatic or epiphreatic conditions (i.e. permanently or episodically water-filled). This genetic classification is based on field observations, cave maps, 3D survey shots and descriptions. For this study, 789 caves with a total length of 279 km were considered, but data were only available for 599 caves (276 km). Only 25% of all caves in the Dachstein Massif are at least partly of (epi)phreatic origin, but the total length of phreatic passages is 204 km. Altitudes of the phreatic sections of each cave were grouped in 25-m increments and plotted according to their phreatic passage length. It turned out that there are five vertical accumulations of caves in the Dachstein Massif. Despite some previous studies that also considered morphological, hydrological, and sedimentological characteristics, our correlation with the “classical” supra-regional cave levels in other karst massifs was based only on elevation. The following elevations for the cave levels were determined: Spring Cave Level: 475-775 m a.s.l., Berger Cave Level: 825-1075 m, Giant Cave Level (with the highest peak): 1125-1550 m, Ruin Cave Level: 1600-2050 m, and a formerly unknown level at 2525-2750 m, for which we propose the name Voodoo Cave Level. According to this study the two longest cave systems, the Hirlatzhöhle (114 km long and 1560 m deep) and the Dachstein-Mammuthöhle (68 km, 1207 m) are most relevant for the result. The local vertical distribution of caves within the Dachstein was compared with the regional northward tilt of cave levels in the Northern Calcareous Alps, however the heterogeneous distribution of the known cave obscures local effects in the Dachstein Massif.
Alzheimer Disease Detection using AI with Deep Learning based Features with Development and Validation based on Data Science
Authors: K Sai Krishna  , Kangkan Jyoti Sarma  , Kalyan Devappa Bamane  , Jhakeshwar Prasad  , Mohit Tiwari  , T. Karthikeyan
Published: November 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurological condition that worsens over time, affects millions of individuals worldwide. Because of this, effective intervention and therapy depend on early and precise detection. In recent years, encouraging findings have been obtained using data science and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in the field of medical diagnostics, particularly AD diagnosis. This work seeks to develop an accurate algorithm for diagnosing AD by identifying AI-based traits from neuroimaging and clinical data.The three key steps of the proposed methodology are data preprocessing, feature extraction, and model development and validation. To offer neuroimaging data, such as MRI and PET scans, as well as essential clinical information, a cohort of persons made up of AD patients and healthy controls is obtained. Throughout the preparation stage, the data are normalised, standardised, and quality-checked to ensure accuracy and consistency.The critical role of feature extraction in locating critical patterns and features potentially indicative of AD is critical. Advanced AI techniques like Convolutional Neural Networks and Recurrent Neural Networks are utilised to extract discriminative features from neuroimaging data after subjecting it to feature engineering methods.The retrieved features are then utilised to build a prediction model using state-of-the-art machine learning techniques such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forests, or Deep Learning architectures. Strict validation methods, such cross-validation and test datasets, are used to evaluate the model's performance in order to ensure generalizability and minimise overfitting.The project's objective is to identify AD with high specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy to support early diagnosis and tailored treatment planning. The results of this research contribute to the body of knowledge on AI-based diagnostics for neurodegenerative diseases and have the potential to significantly impact clinical practises by facilitating early interventions and improving patient outcomes. It is important to take into account the size and heterogeneity of the dataset as well as any prospective improvements and future expansions to the usage of AI in AD detection.
Metaverse and Psychiatry: A Review
Authors: SÖNMEZ Doğancan , HOCAOGLU Cicek
Published: November 2023

Today, with the development of technology, the concept of the virtual world is gaining more and more importance. "Metaverse", which has become popular in recent years, aims to provide an environment where people can interact, do business, have fun and even live in the digital world. Metaverse, which has become increasingly popular in recent years, offers many different uses in the field of mental health. However, we do not yet have enough information about the effects of this technology on mental health. The effect of Metaverse on mental health has been the subject of many researches that it can be used in areas such as the treatment of psychological disorders, stress reduction, self-confidence, and development of social interaction skills. The biggest advantage of using Metaverse for psychiatric treatment is that the virtual world is separated from the real world. Therefore, the stress, anxiety and other emotional reactions experienced during treatment have no real-life consequences. In addition, the therapist is easier to access in the virtual world and can help patients adapt to treatment more easily. However, the use of Metaverse for psychiatric treatment also has some disadvantages. For example, this method of treatment may be an unrealistic experience for some patients and not effective enough for others. Also, this treatment modality has limited accessibility as it requires high cost equipment and technology. In particular, there has not been enough research on the relationship between the use of Metaverse in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric diseases. More research is needed on the effect of Metaverse on mental health. In particular, more studies are needed on its long-term effects and effects on different people. In this review, studies investigating the potential relationship between Metaverse technology and psychiatry and how this technology can be used in the psychiatric field are reviewed.
Violence Against Women: A Persistent and Rising Problem
Authors: TÜRKKAN Tuğba , ODACI Hatice
Published: November 2023

Violence against women is a widespread global public health problem. It is also a serious violation of women's human rights. Violence has traumatic effects on the health and well-being of women and the children who witness it. Violence against women is associated with physical, mental, emotional, sexual health, reproductive health problems and death. Violence and gender norms, which are one of the risk factors causing the continuation of violence; also have significant effects on families and societies, and these negative effects cross social and economic boundaries. However, it is also clear that current prevention initiatives and policy responses are insufficient. Mental health professionals have an important role to play in identifying, preventing and responding appropriately to violence against women and may take primary, secondary and tertiary measures to reduce the risk of violence against women. While providing mental health services, İt is very important to be aware of interpersonal violence and to provide gender-sensitive services. When providing these services, the impact of violence against women on mental health and knowledge of potential treatments are considered as a prerequisite. Along with the knowledge about the dynamics of violence, it is considered extremely important to take measures against the risks that weaken women who are disadvantaged due to problems such as gender inequality. For this reason, in this review, the concept of violence against women and the types of violence are explained and in this context, the initiatives that can be made in the field of mental health are included. It is thought that this review will contribute to the awareness of professionals working in the field about the seriousness of the problem and how violence affects women's mental health. It is also hoped that the present study will provide insight into the complex relationship between violence and health outcomes to help improve health policies and prevention responses in the relevant field.
Biomineralization – A New Solution for Surface Casing Vent Flow
Authors: Griffin John , Bean Richard , Hiebert Randy
Published: November 2023

A new solution to the increasingly important issue of surface casing vent flow (SCVF), a biocementation process involving the squeezing of biomineralizing fluids was utilized on a Canadian well. Initially developed by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) for the purpose of sealing leaks in carbon sequestration wells, this technology has been utilized in over 100 oil and gas wells across the United States and Canada to seal and repair damaged cement, restore wellbore integrity, and prevent the unwanted flow of hydrocarbons up the production and surface casing annular. The following paper represents a case study detailing a risk-based approach and field deployment assessing the technology's effectiveness on a well in Alberta.

Abandonment operations which began on a well in Alberta, Canada in 2020 consisted of a series of zonal isolation plugs and cement retainer squeezes to eliminate surface casing vent flow. In March of 2023, with the vent flow still persistent at approximately 1 m3/day with 154 kPa build pressure, nonroutine abandonment operations began. The two previous cement retainer squeezes were drilled out down to the Mannville formation so new logs could be run. Biomineralization was identified as a viable solution to address SCVF on the well after initial analysis of the well indicated the presence of small aperture channels in the cemented annulus. In July 2023, the well was prepared for an annular squeeze utilizing biomineralization technology, and treatment commenced. Biomineralizing fluids were injected in intervals over the course of 48 hours, reducing injectivity by forming crystalline calcium carbonate, which has a similar chemical composition to limestone, to seal leakage pathways and eliminate gas flow.

Over the course of treatment, 219 L of biomineralizing fluids were pushed into leakage pathways, with the injection rate reduced from 0.776 lpm to 0.026 lpm, constituting a 97% reduction. The injection rates, pressures, and total volumes at the conclusion of treatment indicated successful sealing of micron-sized channels. Vent monitoring technology confirmed this via a steady reduction in flow over the course of treatment, and the total elimination of flow and bubbles at surface just seven days later. Biomineralization technology has been used as a solution for sealing and repairing micro annuli and other channels in annular cement by several operators to eliminate surface casing vent flow in Canada.
A polyphagous chewing herbivore induces positive plant-soil feedbacks of two legumes in soil with prolonged drought legacies
Authors: Hassan Kamrul , Maisnam Premchand , Carrillo Yolima , Nielsen Uffe
Published: November 2023

Plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) occur when a plant species modifies soil physicochemical properties in ways that affect the growth of an individual subsequently grown in the same soil. PSFs are influenced by both herbivory, and climatic conditions, but it is unclear how foliar herbivory and climate change interact to modify PSFs. We conducted PSF experiment to assess the effect of foliar herbivory on Medicago sativa and Trifolium repens, when grown in monoculture and mixture. PSFs were assessed in soils from a field experiment simulating ambient rainfall and prolonged drought (50% reduction) for the past six years. All soils were sterilized and then re-inoculated to create the respective biological rainfall legacy treatments including sterile control. The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, was used to induce herbivore treatments. Neither legume showed significant PSFs in the absence of herbivory. However, foliar herbivory induced positive PSFs for legumes in soil with drought legacies, and negative to neutral PSFs in soil with ambient rainfall legacies, when grown in monocultures. By contrast, herbivory induced strong positive PSFs in soils with ambient rainfall legacies, and negative PSFs in soils with drought legacies, in mixtures, possibly due to competition for space and resources. Herbivory-induced PSFs in soils with prolonged drought legacies appeared to be related to differences in leaf N (%) and rhizobia colonization likely due to effects on herbivore-induced systemic resistance. Our results indicate that foliar herbivores alter plant species co-existence and community dynamics under future climate change scenarios through changes in PSFs.
Effects of systolic blood pressure and antihypertensive medications on individuals with ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Chen Tao , Zhang Xueshan , Qian Wei , Zhou Ran , Su Mingyu , Ma Yanfeng
Published: November 2023

Background
To assess the associations of in-hospital antihypertensive medication use, admission systolic blood pressure (SBP), and 30-day outcome in individuals with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods
STEMI cases treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between June 2010 and July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations of the number of used antihypertensive medications on 30-day mortality with admission SBP.
Results
Totally 7510 individuals with STEMI were included. After adjustment for baseline variables, SBP (OR = 1.12, 95%CI 1.08–1.19; P < 0.001), DBP (per 10-mmHg higher, OR = 1.14, 95%CI 1.04–1.22; P = 0.003), age (OR = 1.77, 95%CI 1.62–1.93; P < 0.001), male sex (OR = 1.56, 95%CI 1.31–1.86; P < 0.001), heart rate (OR = 1.19, 95%CI 1.11–1.22; P < 0.001), history of diabetes (OR = 1.50, 95%CI 1.18–1.91; P = 0.001), history of stroke (OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.05–1.74; P = 0.002), Killip classes II-IV (ORs = 0.30–0.43, all P < 0.01), statin use (OR = 0.54, 95%CI 0.45–0.64; P < 0.001), nitrate use (OR = 0.70, 95%CI 0.53–0.92; P = 0.01), and use of a antihypertensive agent (OR = 9.91, 95%CI 3.86–25.48; P < 0.001) were independent predictors of 30-day mortality.
Conclusions
The number of antihypertensive medications during hospitalization has a significant association with 30-day mortality in Chinese individuals with STEMI without reperfusion.
Trial registration:
Not applicable.
Os supratrochleare anterius: a very rare clinical case report and review of literature
Authors: Kachlik David , Kunc Vojtech , Salavova Sarka , Kopp Lubomir
Published: November 2023

Background: The accessory ossicles around the elbow are very rare variant structures, present in approximately 0.7% of cases. They can cause diagnostic problems and can be mistaken for pathological structures, especially when pain and limitation of elbow movements are present and a trauma can be traced in the patient’s history. They are of different nature, either presenting within muscle tendons as sesamoids (brachialis and triceps brachii muscles) or presenting intra-articularly probably as separated or accessory ossification centres. The least common is the os supratrochleare anterius.
Case presentation: We present a case of a young male, presenting with chronic blocking and 20° limited flexion of his right elbow, which bothered him during his occupation as a locksmith. In history, he suffered minor trauma to the elbow 20 years ago. Detailed review of existing cases was performed. X-ray and CT showed a large ossicle in the coronoid fossa of the humerus and it was surgically extracted in small pieces. The patient left satisfied with no mention of complaints. There were found reports on 13 bones in 8 individuals (including ours) between 1949 and 1987 (and our in 2023).
Conclusions: The os supratrochleare anterius is a very rare accessory ossicle of the elbow, located in the coronoid fossa of the humerus which can mimic many pathological states, and limit movements and causing pain around the elbow.
Role of BjuA03.BNT1 in enhancing clubroot resistance in resynthesized Brassica juncea L.
Authors: Li Keqi , Wang Kai , Shi Yiji , Liang Fenghao , Li Xinru , Bao Shunjun , Yesmagul Balziya Maratkyzy , Fatima Maliha , Yu Chengyu , Xu Aixia , Dun Xiaoling , Fu Sanxiong , Shi Xue , Zhou Zhaoyong , Huang Zhen
Published: November 2023

In recent years, clubroot disease has emerged as a significant impediment to rapeseed production. Breeding new varieties resistant to clubroot is the most effective method for disease management. However, the pool of clubroot-resistant germplasm of rapeseed remains notably limited. In order to address this challenge, we synthesized the clubroot-resistant mustard, CT19, via remote hybridization, and subsequently an F2 segregating population was created by intercrossing CT19 with a clubroot-susceptible germplasm CS15. A major-effect QTL qCRa3-1 on chromosome A03 was identified through QTL scanning, demonstrating a substantial association with clubroot resistance. Transcriptome analyses of CT19 and CS15 revealed that the mechanisms conferring resistance to Plasmodiophora brassica likely involved the regulation of flavonoid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and sulfur metabolism. By combining the results from transcriptome analyses, QTL mapping and gene sequencing, a candidate gene BjuA03.BNT1, encoding TIR-NBS-LRR protein, was obtained within the region of qCRa3-1. Intriguingly, an insertion of a base T in the CDS of BjuA03.BNT1 in CT19 was discovered, which caused an alteration within the conserved domain TIR. Overexpression of BjuA03.BNT1 of CT19 notably enhanced the resistance to clubroot while overexpression of BjuA03.BNT1 of CS15 augmented susceptibility to the disease in Arabidopsis. Our investigations revealed that BjuA03.BNT1 regulated the resistance to clubroot by modulating fatty acid synthesis and the structure of cell wall. The one base insertion in the CDS of BjuA03.BNT1 serves as a pivotal determinant in conferring resistance to clubroot. These findings bear significant implications for molecular breeding aimed at enhancing clubroot resistance in rapeseed.
Lumbar Spinal Fusions Using a Novel Cellular Bone Matrix Allograft: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Dorchak John David , Gantt Miller , Burkus J. Kenneth
Published: November 2023

Background
In lumbar spinal arthrodesis surgery, bone graft substitutes are used to avoid the complications and limitations associated with autologous iliac crest bone grafts (ICBGs). Cellular allogeneic bone matrices (CBMs) are used as a biologic replacement for iliac crest bone grafts in lumbar spinal fusions. Advanced cryopreservation techniques utilized during allograft processing have been used to retain native viable mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and other osteoprogenitor cells available for transplantation.
Methods
A consecutive series of fourteen patients (eight males and six females) with a mean age of 60 years (range 40 to 78 years) who underwent single- or two-level lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) using a cellular allogeneic bone matrix as the sole bone graft material were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were followed for a minimum of twelve months, and preoperative, three-, six- and twelve-month postoperative data were assessed. Lumbar fusion status was evaluated by plane and dynamic radiographs.
Discussion
All patients showed successful radiographic fusion at six months after surgery with evidence of bridging trabecular bone across the interspace. There was no deterioration in fusion status between six and twelve months; all patients remained fused. There was no evidence of implant migration or subsidence. No adverse events were identified at surgery or during the course of follow-up. Improvement in back and leg pain symptoms were identified in all patients; there was no documented loss of neurological function. The use of a cellular allogeneic bone matrix provided sufficient biologic support for successful lumbar spinal interbody fusions.
Taphonomy into the beach: Experimental approach to bone modifications made by insects on an island (Gran Canaria, Canary Island, Spain).
Authors: Henríquez-Valido Pedro , Brito-Mayor Aitor
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the taphonomic processes affecting bones to understand the impact of insects on the decomposition activity. The experiment involved subjecting 5 unfleshed heads of pigs to different environmental conditions and contexts (buried and exposed). Nine different taxa of insects were identified here: flies puparia (Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae [Chrysomia albiceps], Fanniidae and Muscidae), beetles (Dermestidae [Dermestes maculatus], Cleridae [Necrobia rufipes] and Hydrophilidae [Cercyon cf. arenarius]), ants (Formicidae [Tetramorium depressum]) and termites (Kalotermitidae [Cryptotermes brevis]). Taphonomic changes were observed on the bone surface with distinct patterns in buried and exposed elements. Location-dependent insect diversity and modifications were noted, with exposed specimens displaying more diversity than buried ones. Striations, U-shaped marks, and bone destruction were linked to specific taxa, including the possibility of osteophagic habits in species that have not previously exhibited these feeding behaviours. Other modifications, like perforations, are linked with the creation of pupal chambers of beetles when the bone does not have enough natural holes. In addition, evidence of termite activity, indicated by faecal pellets, suggested occasional bone destruction. The no presence of beetles in the coastal environment suggests that bones with the modifications made by these taxa could be transferred to this area after the process of meat decomposition. This is the first work on experimental archaeoentomology. Useful information is provided allowing a better understanding of the taphonomic processes in the coastal and inland archaeological sites.