bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of mitotic figure counts in tumor progression of non-invasive high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder: A retrospective study from a single cancer center
Authors: Hu Yan , Karki Susan , Chen Weiwei , Liu Yunguang , Sule Norbert , Xu Bo
Published: February 2025

Background: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common type of bladder malignancy. Although the majority of UC present as non-invasive tumors, a subset of them progress into invasive cancer and cause significant morbidity and mortality. Objective: In this study, we examined the association between tumor mitotic activity associated and the progression of non-invasive high-grade papillary UC of the bladder. Methods: Forty-four cases of tumors that met the selection criteria were retrieved from the Department of Pathology archives, and, for each case, mitotic figures were counted in 10 high-power fields (HPF) by two independent pathologists. Tumor progression was defined as the invasion of the tumor into the subepithelial connective tissue (lamina propria) or beyond during follow-ups. In addition, tumors that later exhibited distant metastases were included in the tumor progression group. Results: Our study revealed that the average mitotic count per 10 HPF in the tumor progression group was significantly higher (p = 0.001) than in the progression-free group. Furthermore, tumors with more than three mitotic counts per HPF in initial biopsies posed a high risk of tumor progression within the 19.5 ± 6.1 months of follow-ups. Conclusion: The findings of our study provided valuable information for further stratification of risk factors among patients with non-invasive high-grade papillary UC of the bladder. Patients with high mitotic figure count in their initial biopsies should be monitored closely or treated earlier to prevent their tumors from progressing into invasive carcinoma.
Efficiency of biochar and compost on soil bio-chemical properties and yield of knol-khol (Brassica oleracea L.)
Authors: Peeyush Sharma , Vikas Abrol , Satesh Kumar , Reetika Sharma , Maanik  , Haziq Shabir , Stanzin Khenrab
Published: February 2025

A field experiment was conducted to assess how the combined application of biochar with various organic amendments affects the soil biochemical properties and the yield characteristics of knol-khol (Brassica oleracea var. gongyloides L.). The outcomes showed that biochar with organic amendments substantially enhanced the biological characteristics of the soil as compared to the control treatment. There was a notable increment in soil microbial biomass carbon by 33.27 % and dehydrogenase activity by 5.68 % following the integrated application of farmyard manure, vermicompost and biochar (T8). In addition, several knol-khol growth metrics showed significant improvement in T8 compared to the control, including leaf number (1.36 times), plant height (1.38 times) and knob diameter (2.3 times). In T8, the knolkhol production increased by a remarkable 3 times, demonstrating the beneficial effects of the combined treatment on marketable output. The results of the experiment showed that T8 had significantly higher levels of accessible nitrogen (12.38 %), available potassium (8.54 %), available phosphorus (24.19 %) and organic carbon (9.5 %) than the control. According to this, the concurrent application of farmyard manure, vermicompost and biochar enhanced soil fertility and boosted plant and microbial nutrient availability, which in turn led to higher profitability.
Delineation and mapping of groundwater quality in Salem district: A comprehensive assessment of contaminant sources
Authors: Rajavarshini T , Baskar M , Rajammal S J T , Rathika S , Nagarajan M , Meena R L
Published: February 2025

A comprehensive study was conducted at block level in Salem District, Tamil Nadu, India, to evaluate the major ionic chemistry and to assess the suitability of ground water for irrigation purpose. A total of 200 groundwater samples were systematically collected through grid survey and analyzed for major ionic constituents and irrigation water quality parameters. The resulting water quality parameters were interpreted based on established hydrochemical guidelines. The classification of groundwater samples under various quality categories based on pH, electrical conductivity (EC), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) indicates that many blocks (70 %) in the study area exhibit good-quality groundwater suitable for irrigation. However, exceptions (30 %) were observed in the blocks of Omalur, Mecheri, Kolathur and Pethanaickenpalayam having been observed with saline and alkali water quality. This might be due to the underlying metamorphic and crystalline rocks carrying the element calcium and sodium rich minerals are responsible for the development of saline/alkali groundwater. It was observed that mushrooming of industrial complexes in these blocks might also be the reasons for the development of saline or alkali groundwater. The need for this work is to evaluate groundwater quality for irrigation in Salem District and identify areas affected by saline and alkali contamination due to natural and industrial influences.
Two decades of spice trade among SAFTA nations - Is it really aromatic for India?
Authors: Kalpana E N , Shivakumar K M , Vidhyavathi A , Mahendran K , Jagadeeswaran R , Kalpana M
Published: February 2025

Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) are the foundation of the multilateral trading mechanism and act as a path to boost trade, enhance market access and strengthen relations with economies across the globe. The growing number of trade agreements between countries and within regions reflects a global momentum towards economic openness and creating more dynamic and competitive market environments. This study employs the gravity model with panel data from 2002 to 2020 to examine the trade effects, including trade creation and trade diversion of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on the spices trading between India and SAARC member countries under the South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA). The analysis shows a trade creation effect of SAFTA in the fixed effect (FE) model. The results also suggest that the spice trade could help in improving the Indian economy with SAFTA. India being the major spice exporter to the world nations and SAARC countries, has the relative trade advantage in spice trade with members of SAARC nations. Globally, India can use the advantage of exporting spices for higher value rather than for high volume proportional to the distance, which is a proxy for the trade costs.
The Small Monetary Incentive for Blood Pressure Self-monitoring Behavior in Online Hypertension Management
Authors:   School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Tang Wensheng
Published: February 2025

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of two methods of delivering a fixed total monetary incentive to improve blood pressure self-monitoring behavior in hypertensive patients. Design: This study is a randomized, double-blinded controlled trial. Methods: A 3-arm trial with 99 participants, randomly assigned to a control group and two intervention groups (1:1:1 ratio). Participants utilized internet-based blood pressure monitors and implemented guideline-based standardized hypertension management through an online platform. The two intervention groups received different time-dependent incentives (1 RMB per day) over a 3-month period: immediate or delayed. Results: In the first month, no significant difference was observed in blood pressure self-monitoring among three groups (P > 0.05). In the second month, the intervention groups showed significantly higher monitoring days compared to the control (immediate incentive: 21.5 days vs. 16.3 days, P = 0.009; delayed incentive: 21.3 vs. 16.3 days, P = 0.029). In the third month, the intervention groups had significantly more measurements (31.1 and 31.4 vs. 17.9 times, P = 0.013 and P = 0.014). Monitoring behavior declined in all groups over 6 months, with the delayed incentive group declining at a slower rate (p < 0.001 for regression coefficient comparison). Conclusions: Monetary incentives effectively improved blood pressure monitoring behavior in the short term. However, their impact diminished after the incentives were withdrawn, with delayed incentives resulting in a slower decline. Small, delayed monetary incentives may provide benefits for remote hypertension management. Future research should investigate the long-term effects and clinical outcomes.
The Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnosis and Grading of Papilledema and its Correlation to Clinical Assessment
Authors:   Warrington and Halton Teaching Hospitals, Estefan Marina , Asaad Keroles Farah ,   Cairo University
Published: February 2025

Background: Papilledema, or optic disc swelling because of elevated intracranialpressure, was sorted using the Frisen Scaling. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a possible device to measure variations in the degrees of papilledema and to displaythe effectiveness of treatments. Objective: To identify and correlate the role of the OCT of the optic nerve head with the clinical grading of papilledema using the Frisen Scale via digital fundus photographs. Patients and methods: This was a randomized trial in which 50 eyes with papilledema have been enrolled from the cases attending the outpatient clinic of Beni-Suef University Hospital. Digital optical disc photos of the left or right eye have beenchosen for comparison with OCT optic nerve head (ONH) images results. To correlate OCT results with clinical grading of papilledema using the Frisen scale. Results: There was a highly significant association between stages of papilledema by OCT and stages of papilledema by modified Frisen scale (p.value<0.001). A strong positive significant association among stages of papilledema by OCT and stages of papilledema by modified Frisen scale (r= 0.871, P <0.001). Conclusion: Present OCT measurements may be beneficial as an adjunct to clinical grading. For lower-stage anomalies, OCT compares positively with clinical grading of optic nerve photos. With elevated stages, OCT-RNFLT processing algorithms frequently failed.
Training physicians to work in a second language
Authors: Szymańska Oliwia
Published: February 2025

This study highlights the importance of targeting practices that facilitate physician-patient communication in language courses for health professionals. The aim of this study is twofold. Firstly, it examines if and how physicians with a second language deploy metaphors to facilitate understanding. Secondly, it investigates how this practice can be enhanced through communicative training. The study comprises two separate parts, each with a different approach, method, and participants. Study 1 investigates the use of metaphors in authentic situations from outpatient clinics, where physicians consulted patients in L2 Norwegian. The data consists of transcripts of video recordings and an interview with one of the physicians. Study 2 examines the outcomes of an intervention during an intensive language course before the physicians’ arrival in Norway. The data in this study include oral and written production, as well as an interview with one of the participants. Study 1 revealed contexts in which migrant physicians deploy metaphors to facilitate their communication in L2 and types of the expressions they use. Study 2 showed that stimulating metaphor awareness might be beneficial for metaphor use in communication and comprehension in visual representation, which in turn can support  L2 communication in the physicians’ everyday practices.
Prediction method of S-wave velocities in tight sandstone reservoirs – a case study of CO2 geological storage area in Ordos Basin
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Haofan , Ma Jinfeng
Published: February 2025

S-wave velocity, among the critical parameters essential for developing 3D/4D seismic forward models, is prominent. Variations in both P- and S-wave velocities result from changes in the formation pressure and fluid saturation inside reservoirs during CO2 geological storage operations. This study, understanding the significant variety and uneven stress distributions of tight sandstone reservoirs in the Ordos Basin, begins with developing a predictive model for S-wave velocities. The model integrates the Digby and DEM models and takes into account the changes in the formation pressure and alterations in pore shapes. Data from petrophysical experiments are used to validate this model. By comparing the shear wave velocity prediction results under four pore shapes, spherical, needle-shaped, disc-shaped, and coin-shaped gaps, the dominant pore shape of this sedimentary facies belt was selected, and the pore shape of the target layer was identified as needle-shaped pores. The shear wave velocity prediction model for this area was then optimized. Moreover, by analyzing actual well logging data, the methodology is validated and it shows high accuracy when using the dominant pore shapes to predict the S-wave velocity. This study emphasizes how important it is to take geological factors into account when developing 3D/4D seismic petrophysical predication models of S-wave velocities specifically designed for tight sandstone reservoirs.
Effect of pore throats on the reservoir quality of tight sandstone: A case study of the Yanchang Formation in the Zhidan area, Ordos Basin
Authors: Wei Fanrong , Yan Xinzhi , Bai Yubin , Bai Yanjun , Zhou Kai
Published: February 2025

Due to the tight sandstone widespread development of nanoscale pore-throat systems, the microscopic pore-throat characteristics of tight reservoirs are the focus of research. Taking the main tight oil production province of the Ordos Basin in China as a case study, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), pressure-controlled mercury injection (PMI), scanning electron microscopy, and micro-computed tomography (μCT) are used to analyze the characteristics of four types of tight sandstones with different pore throats. Furthermore, the effects of pore throats on movable fluid, connectivity, and reservoir physical properties are analyzed. The results show that the pore throats of the four types of tight sandstones are obviously different, but they are all dominated by nanoscale pore-throat systems. From types I to IV, the pore types of the tight sandstone change from residual intergranular pores to the coexistence of feldspar dissolved pores and residual intergranular pores and then to the coexistence of residual intergranular pores and intergranular micropores. The T
2 NMR spectrum changes from a double peak to a single peak, the pore-throat connectivity revealed by μCT decreases from 83.8% for type I to 13.1% for type IV, the pore-throat volume ratio revealed by PMI decreases from 2.09 to 0.43, and the NMR movable fluid saturation decreases from 38.91 to 12.39%. Tight sandstone with larger pores and a uniform distribution has high movable fluid saturation and good pore-throat connectivity. Although the tight sandstone with dissolved pores and intergranular pores may have a medium porosity, the pore–throat connectivity deteriorates compared with high porosity sandstone. Large pore throats, which account for less than 15% of all pore throats, contribute more than 90% of the permeability, while pore throats less than 0.8 μm in diameter are major contributors to the reservoir space, and both the porosity and permeability decrease as the pore-throat diameter decreases.
Price Connectedness in the Futures Markets of Livestock Commodities
Authors: Panagiotou Dimitrios
Published: February 2025

The present study investigates the linkages among the futures prices of feeder cattle, live cattle and lean hogs in the US. This has been pursued using a flexible methodology that allows modelling price relationships at different parts of their joint distribution. Data are daily closing prices for the period between 1/1/2015 and 12/31/2023. According to the empirical results: i) livestock commodities boom together and crash (with one exception) together, ii) extreme price decreases are transmitted with higher intensity compared to extreme price increases, iii) transmission asymmetries in prices, between livestock commodities, can occur at the tails as well as at the median of the joint distributions. Lastly, opportunities for speculators to profit from the spread between the commodities of feeder cattle and live cattle can be present.
Nature-inspired routing and optical communication for next-generation IoT systems
Authors: Rani Rajni , Sharma Sharad
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we explore the interconnection of natural processes and current technologies to satisfy the emerging requirements of next-generation Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems. Motivated by biological networks, we propose a novel routing and optical communication approach that leverages nature’s ability for self-organization, flexibility and resilience. This paper presents a model for bio-inspired routing protocols to be used in Internet of Things networks in order to improve scalability, reduce latency and maximize data transmission efficiency. Moreover, we investigate the potential of optical communication technologies, which are fast, low-latency and energy-efficient, to support the immense data transmission requirements of Internet of Things systems. The research finds key barriers and opportunities for integrating nature-based approaches.
Structural and electrical properties of CuO-doped NaNbO3 ceramics
Authors: Berksoy-Yavuz Ayse , Danışman Murat
Published: February 2025

Ceramics are one of the key materials of today’s industry. The manufacturing technique used for preparing the ceramics greatly affects the material’s structural and electrical properties. Therefore, the elements and their distribution in the material as well as understanding their relation with the manufacturing process are the key factors for managing the expected outcome. In this study, NaNbO3 ceramics and the effect of CuO-doping in solid state calcination process was investigated. For this purpose pure, 0.5 mol.% and 1.0 mol.% CuO-doped sample discs were prepared. Crystallite size, strain, atomic structure, lattice parameters and atomic occupancies of the material were calculated by using X-ray diffraction patterns combined with Rietveld analysis. Additionally, the samples were investigated with the scanning electron microscopy technique to observe the effect of CuO doping. For electrical characterization, dielectric constant and tangent loss measurements were carried out on samples. As a result, it was concluded that CuO doping affected the crystal structure of the NaNbO3 which triggered the changes in its electrical behavior. The observed effects were more pronounced at 1.0 mol.% CuO content.
Fire of change: Bronstijd. Vuur van Verandering, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, Leiden, The Netherlands. 18 October 2024–16 March 2025
Authors: Brindley A.L.
Published: February 2025

At the entrance to this impressive exhibition stands Umberto Boccioni's dramatic bronze sculpture, Forms of Continuity in Space (1913), a Futurist piece filled with power, movement and innovation. It is a fitting introduction to what follows.
A One-Session Strategic Resource Use Intervention Among Hungarian Economics Students
Authors: Salamon Janos , Fülöp Ottilia , Orosz Gábor
Published: February 2025

The present preregistered study aimed to test the efficacy of a strategic resource use intervention among Hungarian first-year economics students in a gateway math course (N=261). According to the results, the intervention did not have an impact on test scores, grade point average, or dropout rate, and it did not lead to psychological benefits. Despite following the instructions regarding the adaptation of the materials to the given university context, we found neither the expected main nor moderated effects among these students. There were some dissimilarities between the original strategic resource use intervention (Chen et al., 2017) and the present one. We detail the potential adaptation-, implementation-related and theoretical reasons behind the lack of expected effect in the discussion.
The Role of an Inclusive Environment in Improving Early Childhood Executive Function Skills
Authors: Roby Naufal Arzaqi  , Aisah Karunia Rahayu  , Deri Hendriawan
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the role of an inclusive environment in supporting the development of Executive Function (EF) skills in early childhood. EF is needed to face modern challenges that require critical thinking, problem-solving, and emotional regulation. However, challenges such as the lack of teacher training and adaptive educational resources hinder EF's optimal development. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study design. Through in-depth interviews with three ECCE teachers then analysed using thematic analysis, the study found that although an inclusive environment provides a great opportunity to develop EF, there is an urgent need for further support, both in teacher training and educational facilities. An inclusively designed environment not only supports social development, but also creates ideal conditions for the development of EF skills in early childhood, especially children with special needs. The results of this study are expected to contribute to improving EF skills and encouraging the application of inclusion principles more effectively in early childhood education.
Entornos virtuales como espacios de enseñanza y aprendizaje por medio de Lesson Study: El caso de Ecuador y Brasil
Authors: Auccahuallpa Fernández Roxana , Dias Ramos de Macedo Silva Aluska , Pérez Morales Patricia , Da Silva Pina Neves Regina
Published: February 2025

La Lesson Study (LS) como proceso formativo de futuros docentes (FD), enfatiza en la reflexión y la mejora continua de la propia práctica, en el trabajo cooperativo y colaborativo y en la importancia del dominio del contenido disciplinar. El propósito de esta investigación fue constatar el aporte de la LS en el proceso formativo del FD. La metodología de la investigación es de tipo cualitativo y el diseño es un estudio de caso. Participan la Universidad Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG-Brasil), la Universidad Nacional de Educación (UNAE-Ecuador) y la Universidad de Brasilia (UNB-Brasil) como Comunidades Mixtas de Aprendizaje (CMA) en entornos virtuales. Se deriva de esta experiencia la gestión de conocimiento en contextos interculturales, de diálogo de saberes, de revisión de contenidos curriculares diversos y empoderamiento en la relación conocimiento disciplinar e interdisciplinar. Este encuentro reflexivo y colaborativo en CMA permitió hacer una reelaboración de los planes de clase a partir de las discusiones y reuniones con las investigadoras. Por último, el qué enseñar y el cómo enseñar implica un ejercicio metódico que parte del trabajo colectivo enfocado en las necesidades del estudiantado.
La familia: un ambiente clave en el aprendizaje en personas estudiantes sordas, en procesos virtuales de educación continua
Authors: Prado Ortega Mauricio Xavier , Samaniego Ocampo Rosemary de Lourdes , Delgado Ramírez Jorge Cristopher , Acosta Yela Mayra Tatiana , González Sánchez Jorge Luis
Published: February 2025

Ante la necesidad de espacios de capacitación gratuita a personas sordas cuyos contenidos en competencias digitales se aborden de manera inclusiva, una alternativa para cubrir esta demanda es la educación virtual. De tal manera el presente estudio se enfoca en el rol y participación de las familias como un escenario crucial para el éxito educativo del estudiantado sordo como apoyo del proceso de educación continua de manera virtual. Según el contexto descrito, se plantea como objetivo principal desarrollar estrategias efectivas para involucrar a familiares en el soporte integral de personas estudiantes sordas en entornos virtuales, mejorando su motivación, acceso tecnológico y gestión del tiempo. La investigación tiene un alcance descriptivo y enfoque mixto, centrado en la formación virtual para 28 personas estudiantes sordas. Este estudio fue realizado en la Universidad Técnica de Machala, en Ecuador. El estudio incluyó fases de instrucción virtual y la colaboración de intérpretes de lengua de señas. La recolección de los datos se realizó mediante encuestas en línea desarrolladas en el segundo semestre de 2023, también se realizó el análisis de información mediante procesos estadísticos y valoración de escalas para la construcción de tablas. Los hallazgos indican que la sensibilización de las familias sobre el apoyo emocional y la motivación son aspectos esenciales para el aprendizaje de sus hijos e hijas. Se destaca la importancia de un entorno educativo inclusivo que respete la identidad sorda y la provisión de soporte técnico continuo. El aporte más importante de la familia cuando se capacita a personas sordas de manera virtual es el apoyo emocional, comunicativo y adaptativo. Se recomienda como estrategias efectivas inducir a los familiares sobre competencias digitales para facilitar el acceso a plataformas adaptadas a las necesidades de la persona sorda como las con subtítulos automáticos o intérpretes en tiempo real.
Clinical features of the state of reproductive health of patients with submucous uterine fibroids after COVID-19
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tsapenko T.V. , Manoliak I.P. ,   State Scientific Institution ‘Centre for Innovative Healthcare Technologies’ of the State Administration of Ukraine for Healthcare Services, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

The issue of effectively achieving the desired pregnancy still remains debatable due to the increase in infertile patients with comorbid conditions.
Aim - to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the nature of hormonal changes in patients with submucosal uterine fibroids (SUF) before and after hysteroscopic myomectomy.
Materials and methods. 112 women of reproductive age were examined, who were divided into three groups: I - 57 women with SUF who had COVID-19; II - 35 patients with SUF who did not have COVID-19; III - 20 practically healthy women. Hormonal status disorders were studied by determining the serum concentration of gonadotropic and steroid hormones by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after surgery in dynamics. To determine the probability of the difference in values, the Student's t-test was used. Differences were considered to be significantly significant at a level of significance of p<0.05.
Results. After the surgical intervention in the scope of hysteroscopic myectomy, according to the results of the hormonal balance studies of women in the groups I and II, it was determined that the differences between the indicators remained, which indicates pathological mechanisms of hormonal imbalance independent of uterine fibroids.
Conclusions. Patients represent a complex contingent from the point of view of the implementation of reproductive function, since hormonal changes detected before surgery, in particular a decrease in steroid hormones, high concentrations of gonadotropic hormones against the background of hyperandrogenism, contribute to the development of desynchronization of the perception of neurohumoral signals by the receptor apparatus of myositis, which leads to the development of fibroids nodes with a submucosal location. Transferred COVID-19 in patients with SUF is the main risk factor for failure to restore fertility after surgery.
The study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee. Informed consent of women was obtained for the study.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Դրամայնացման գործիքներ Հայաստանի, Վրաստանի, Մոլդովայի և Ուկրաինայի ԶԼՄների, բլոգերների և մեդիա անձնավորությունների համար: Ֆինանսական լանդշաֆտը՝ թվային բովանդակություն ստեղծողների համար
Authors: Papyan ar , Baregyan Anna , Khomenok Oleg
Published: February 2025

In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, media outlets, bloggers, and other content creators are continually searching for effective and reliable payment systems and monetisation tools to support their efforts in producing and distributing content.

With traditional revenue sources dwindling – largely due to advertising income being diverted to dominant platforms like Facebook and Google – alternative tools and methods for generating income from content production and distribution have emerged and continue to evolve.

This study explores a variety of monetisation tools and payment systems, including GoFundMe, Kickstarter, Patreon, Buy Me a Coffee, and others available in Armenia, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine. It examines their features, advantages, limitations and provides examples of their practical application.
Carnaval and Femininities: curriculum-pedagogical aspects on the Brazil-Bolivia border
Authors: Helena Rener de Melo , Duque Tiago
Published: February 2025

Abstract This article analyzes the educational dimension related to curriculum-pedagogical elements of femininity in the Corumbá (MS) Carnaval. The data analyzed were collected from previous research conducted by the authors. The methodology includes semi-structured interviews and online surveys. Ethnography was used, including in digital environments. The theoretical framework is post-critical in education. The study concludes that the teachings on femininity during the festivities are shaped by hierarchical national differentiations, with internal hierarchies persisting. However, the circulation of power and its arrangements throughout the event do not diminish the prevailing sense of joy associated with the celebration.
Revisão de Escopo sobre as Intercorrências da Musicoterapia no Campo da Educação
Authors: Zaguini Fernanda , Stoltz Tania
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Musicoterapia é um campo do conhecimento que estuda os efeitos da música e da utilização de experiências musicais no ser humano. A consideração da Educação na Musicoterapia não é evidente. Nesse sentido, a presente revisão de escopo tem como objetivo identificar diferentes perspectivas teóricas da Musicoterapia e suas propostas educativas. Foram identificados sete campos da Musicoterapia que dialogam com a área da Educação: Musicoterapia Educacional, Social e Comunitária, Clínica, Hospitalar, Neurológica, Criativa e um campo incipiente em Cuidados Paliativos. Os resultados mostram que a Musicoterapia oferece uma aplicabilidade inovadora no campo da Educação, favorecendo um ambiente de aprendizagem mais inclusivo, holístico e centrado no aluno.
O Ensino de Língua Japonesa: marcos históricos
Authors: Sambuichi Cristina Rosoga , Sambuichi Ernesto Atsushi
Published: February 2025

Resumo O presente artigo apresenta a evolução histórica do ensino de língua japonesa no Ocidente, com base em “ondas de Japonismo”. O estudo bibliográfico documental revelou que a primeira Onda (século XIX) resultou no desenvolvimento dos estudos japoneses como nova área acadêmica, sofrendo com o número restrito de alunos e professores, acesso limitado a materiais didáticos. A Segunda Onda (1960-1970) levou à ampliação do ensino de língua japonesa na Europa, e à retomada do ensino para a comunidade imigrante japonesa no continente americano, com apoio de agências governamentais como JICA e Fundação Japão. Já a Terceira Onda (a partir de1980) trouxe a diversificação do perfil do aluno e a renovação da metodologia de ensino.
DIRETRIZES PARA A BIBLIOTECA ESCOLAR NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: UMA PROPOSTA
Authors: Moreira Marina , Eggert-Steindel Gisela
Published: February 2025

Este artigo, resultado de uma pesquisa de doutorado em Educação, pautada nos estudos da História Cultural, especificamente em Michel de Certeau, apresenta uma proposta de diretrizes para a implementação e gestão de bibliotecas escolares na Educação Infantil. Fundamentado em documentos nacionais, como a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Infantil (DCNEI), bem como em orientações internacionais da Federação Internacional de Associações e Instituições Bibliotecárias (IFLA), o estudo destaca a importância da biblioteca como espaço de promoção da leitura, criatividade, inclusão e desenvolvimento integral das crianças. As diretrizes propostas contemplam aspectos como organização do espaço físico, seleção do acervo, intencionalidades pedagógicas, formação de profissionais e avaliação contínua, promovendo um ambiente adaptado às necessidades da infância. Este trabalho busca contribuir para a formulação de políticas públicas e práticas pedagógicas que garantam o direito ao acesso à cultura escrita desde os primeiros anos, reforçando o papel das bibliotecas escolares na formação de leitores críticos e cidadãos conscientes.
A Novel Glucomannan Extraction Method Using Aqueous Two-Phase System
Authors: Sholichah Enny , Purwono Bambang , Murdiati Agnes , Syoufian Akhmad , Afifah Nok , Sarifudin Achmat
Published: February 2025

Research background. Glucomannan is a polysaccharide compound used widely in food and pharmacies industries. Tuber of Amorpophallus muelleri Blume is called as porang in Indonesia. Ethanol extraction system is commonly used to extract glucomannan from porang flour, however, the method still shows some limitations. Glucomannan obtained from ethanol extraction method contains protein higher than which of the standard glucomannan. The current research explored the salting-out effect of salts of aqueous two-phase system for glucomannan extraction process. Therefore, protein can be removed from glucomannan flour enhancing the purity of the obtained glucomannan.
Experimental approach. A novel glucomannan extraction method using aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) which consisted of salt and ethanol was investigated. The salts of Na2HPO4 and K2HPO4 solution in 3 different concentration levels (1, 2 and 3 %), mixed with 40 % ethanol with 1:1 ratio, were used to compose ATPS. The performance of ATPS method on glucomannan extraction was observed based on the phase separation and the characteristics of glucomannan including proximate, color, thermal properties and surface morphology of glucomannan. The statistical analysis was performed to test the significant differences between the mean value of each treatment. The statistical significance level (P) was set at 0.05.
Results and conclusions. Results indicated that ATPS showed an ability to separate porang flour in solution into 3 parts namely bottom (F1), middle (F2) and top (F3) parts. The bottom (F1) and middle (F2) parts were rich of glucomannan and starch, respectively while the top part consisted of ethanol-soluble compound. Salts impacted the yield of glucomannan and the characteristics of the obtained glucomannan including the color, impurities (protein and ash) content, thermal properties, molecular mass and surface morphology. The increasing salt concentration reduced the yield of glucomannan but increased the yield of the other components. ATPS reduced the protein content and increased the lightness of glucomannan. Glucomannan obtained from ATPS showed higher thermal stability than the control.
Novelty and scientific contribution. Salting-out effect of salt of ATPS is commonly used in protein precipitation and isolation. However, there was no report found on the implementation of ATPS for glucomannan isolation. This study showed that ATPS method (Na2HPO4/ethanol and K2HPO4/ethanol) is a potential novel extraction method to be implemented in glucomannan extraction process.
Optimization and Validation of Maceration-Mediated Hydrodistillation to Extract Caryophyllene-Rich Essential Oil from Sea-Buckthorn Berries
Authors: Liaqat Zainab , Akram Sumia , Ashraf Rizwan , Kamal Muhammad Umair , Naeem Rabia , Mushtaq Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Research background. Hydrodistillation (HD) is a convenient and economic method to extract essential oils but this technique has been precluded for limited recovery rates. Maceration-mediated hydrodistillation (MMHD) in comparison to conventional HD method could increase mass transfer and offer better control over extraction thermodynamics which will eventually preserve the aroma constituents and retain their antioxident activities.The present study describes an expedient and innovative modification in conventional HD by introducing a macerating agent Triton x-100 (Tx-100) and NaCl as an electrolyte to accelerate mass transfer for better recovery of caryophyllene-rich essential oil from sea-buckthorn berries.
Experimental approach. The parameters of maceration-mediated hydrodistillation (MMHD) including concentration of macerating agent, electrolyte, and withholding time were investigated within a wide range of 1−10 %, 1−10 g/100 mL, and 3−8 h respectively to enhance the oil yield (g/100 g). parameters were optimized following the desirability approach through response surface methodology.The essential oil obtained under optimum conditions was characterized for its antioxidant activities via in vitro antioxidant assays and aroma profile using gas chromatography hyphenated with mass spectrometery (GC-MS).
Results and conclusions. The optimized parameters for MMHD were observed at 4.22 mL of Tx-100, 4.03 g of NaCl for 5.61 h of extraction time offered (3.24±0.14) % essential oil compared to the conventional HD which produced 2.10 %. The essential oil produced via MMHD was found rich in (−)-β-caryophyllene (37.25 %) with good antioxidant activities in terms of free radical scavenging capacity (84.2 %), inhibition of linoleic-acid peroxidation (68.16 %), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (168 µmol Trolox equivalents/mL).
Novelty and scientific contribution. Tx-100 may disrupts the cell membranes to release the bioactives while, NaCl salt reduces the solubility of non-polar components of essential oil in the aqueous phase which ultimately can improve the extraction yield. The proposed approach can work with already present hydrodistillation setups with small modifications and seems to be more economical for the extraction of sea-buckthorn essential oil without compromising its antioxidant potential or valuable aroma constituents at industrial scale.
Characterization of Red Dragon Fruit Wine Fermented with a Newly Identified Yeast Strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae M7
Authors: Anh Tran Thanh Quynh , An Nguyen Tien , Thuy Do Thi Bich
Published: February 2025

Research background. Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) has been known to be a rich source of bioactive compounds, such as anthocyanins, betacyanin, betaxanthin and other phenolic substances, and possesses a nutritional profile suitable to produce wine with functional properties. The aim of this study was to characterize the wine fermentation from red dragon fruit juice by a newly identified yeast strain.
Experimental approach. Yeast strains from banh men, a Vietnamese traditional alcoholic fermentation starter, were screened for ethanol production using thermally pretreated red dragon fruit juice. The most potent candidate was identified by the DNA sequencing method and subjected to an optimization study using a one-factor-at-a-time approach to optimize the conditions for red dragon fruit wine fermentation.
Results and conclusions. Results showed that thermal pretreatment of the red dragon fruit juice at 70 °C for 10 mins resulted in a higher level of phenolic and antioxidants compared with other pretreatment temperatures. Among the 4 isolates, M7 was the most potent alcohol fermenter, which was then identified to be Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a DNA sequencing method. The optimal conditions for wine fermentation from red dragon fruit juice by S. cerevisiae M7 included a pitching rate of 108 CFU/mL, an initial sucrose content of 18 % m/V, an initial pH of 4.5, fermentation temperature of 30 °C and a fermentation time of 6 days. In such conditions, the wine fermented by S. cerevisiae M7 had an ethanol concentration of (12.12±0.15) % V/V total phenolic content of (37.78±0.38) mg GAE/mL, anthocyanin content of (11.22±0.31) mg CGE/L, betacyanin content of (65.18±0.82) mg/L, betaxantin content of (60.47±1.29) mg/L and antioxidant activity measured by DPPH scavenging capacity of (65.41±0.44) %.
Novelty and scientific contribution. This study used a novel yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae M7 for fermentation. In addition, the results of the study present novel data such as the optimal parameters and the accumulation of bioactive compounds (phenolics, anthocyanins, betalains) related to fermentation of red dragon fruit wine.
The right to food in South Africa: A consumer protection perspective
Authors: Muwanga Tracy SN , Korsten Lise
Published: February 2025

The right to food is a recognised human right, particularly within socio-economic rights. In South Africa, this right is still evolving but has become increasingly significant as global hunger worsens. Importantly, the right to food means not the right to be given food, but the right to access safe, nutritious and affordable food, which is crucial for health and development. Malnutrition, especially in low and middle-income countries, affects both children and adults. It includes various forms of undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies that impair the body's ability to grow and function properly. There are also challenges related to obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases, which have become major public health concerns. NCDs such as heart disease and cancer often stem from poor diets and lifestyle choices. In South Africa, unhealthy eating habits - such as the consumption of foods high in sugar, salt and unhealthy fats - have contributed to the rise in these conditions, especially in lower-income communities where healthier food is less accessible for different vulnerable groups. South Africa's health system is burdened by a combination of communicable and non-communicable diseases, making the need for preventative measures more urgent. Regulatory interventions are crucial to managing this health crisis. This article emphasises the need for stronger legislation, particularly around food labelling and advertising, to protect consumers. The article analyses the right to food and food insecurity from a national and global perspective, as well as conducting a review of case law surrounding food rights. The article will further discuss South Africa's food law and regulatory interventions to combat NCDs, focusing on consumer protection through labelling and advertising regulations, particularly the proposed new regulations, which are yet to be passed, on labelling and advertising of foodstuffs.
Analysing the implementation of refugee laws and policies in relation to women and girls: A case of Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Agaba Daphine K
Published: February 2025

Significant numbers of refugee women and girls are increasingly migrating from one country to another in the Eastern African region, in this case, to Uganda. A series of factors prompt women and girls to migrate, among which are fleeing political and economic unrest; escaping sexual and gender-based violence in their families and communities; the search for better socio-economicopportunities, including better-paying employment; the hope of improving their quality of life; and access to education. On a positive note, by escaping their communities, women and girls are freed from restrictive and sometimes harmful gender norms, thus gaining the opportunity to enhance their autonomy, self-esteem and, ultimately, their social standing. Furthermore, by gaining access to employment and education, they are able to contribute to their families back home, thereby improving their decision-making power and authority in their families and communities. Conversely, refugee women and girls face a series of obstacles and difficulties, such as difficulties in accessing housing and basic infrastructure; negative changes in gender roles; challenges with accessing timely and quality health care, including sexual and reproductive health; failure to access employment/access to decent work and social protection; exclusion from political participation; violence; security threats; and a lack of access to justice. Using a documentary review approach, the article interrogates the implementation of refugee laws and policies in relation to women and girls. The geographical scope is on refugees from Eastern African countries such as South Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Somalia, Burundi and Rwanda, into Kampala slums in Uganda.
SPECIAL FOCUS: IMPLEMENTATION OF DECISIONS OF THE AFRICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES' RIGHTS
Authors: Viljoen Frans , Adegalu Foluso , Olaitan Zainab Monisola
Published: February 2025

This Special Focus is devoted to the implementation of decisions of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (African Commission), the longest-standing African supranational human rights body with continental coverage. The nine articles in this Special Focus were presented as papers at a conference on the theme 'Implementation and domestic impact of the decisions of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights', held from 13 to 15 September 2023, in Pretoria, South Africa. The conference, organised by the Centre for Human Rights, Faculty of Law, University of Pretoria (Centre), in collaboration with the African Commission, provided a scholarly platform for scholars, practitioners and other stakeholders to address the critical gap between the issuance of decisions by the African Commission and their effective implementation at the national level. The editors of the Special Focus at the time were the director of the Centre, the co-manager of the Centre's Litigation and Implementation Unit, and a post-doctoral fellow in that unit.
Decoding implementation of African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights decisions on communications in Botswana, Kenya and Ethiopia
Authors: Obwogi Jonathan O , Kremte Henok A
Published: February 2025

This article evaluates the implementation status of decisions by the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights on individual communications involving Botswana, Ethiopia and Kenya. The analysis includes all publicly-available decisions on the merits against these countries as at the end of 2022. The primary objective is to determine whether these states have complied with the Commission's decisions. The findings indicate that none of the three countries has fully complied with the decisions. Kenya has partially implemented two of the three decisions against it, while Botswana has only partially complied with one out of four decisions. Ethiopia has not complied with either of the two decisions against it. The article also reveals that the Commission's monitoring of the implementation of its recommendations has been generally inadequate, except for the Endorois case against Kenya, where it undertook relatively commendable follow-up.
The impact of country-specific resolutions of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, 1994-2024
Authors: Biegon Japheth
Published: February 2025

This article analyses the impact of the country-specific resolutions of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights using a theoretical framework constructed around the concept of 'naming and shaming'. The Commission's country-specific resolutions focus on the human rights situation in named countries. While the Commission has consistency adopted these resolutions since 1994, very little is known about their impact. The article attempts to fill this gap in the literature by presenting evidence of the extent to which country-specific resolutions issued by the Commission have been complied with. It analyses nine resolutions, selected because they contain specific recommendations that would allow for the possibility of analysing impact with some level of accuracy. An analysis of these resolutions, adopted in seven countries (Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, The Gambia, Kenya, Nigeria and Zimbabwe) reveals that immediate full compliance is rare. At best, the Commission's country-specific resolutions have triggered discursive engagements that have resulted in tentative changes in human rights practices or situational compliance as a result of changes in government or political circumstances.