bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validação de vídeos educativos que versam sobre incontinência urinária
Authors: Silva Jordana Barbosa da , Padilha Juliana Falcão , Rocha Ana Paula Rodrigues , Além Michele Elisabete Rúbio , Driusso Patricia
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar três vídeos educativos relacionados a fisiologia e ao tratamento fisioterapêutico da incontinência urinária (IU) elaborados para serem disponibilizados no YouTube. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de ação composta por quatro etapas: revisão da literatura, produção do conteúdo, validação do conteúdo por especialistas e população-alvo (mulheres continentes e incontinentes), de forma a tornar os vídeos acessíveis e divulger os mesmos externamente. O índice de validade de conteúdo (I-IVC) e a validade da população-alvo (V-IVC) foram utilizados para validar o material considerando a avaliação de conteúdo, linguagem, ilustrações e aspectos gerais, de acordo com o ponto de corte de 0,78 para o conteúdo a ser considerado "relevante". Resultados: O I-IVC e o V-IVC foram de >0,80 para a maioria dos itens em todos os vídeos educativos. A concordância da avaliação realizada pela população-alvo foi superior A 90% e a maioria dos itens obteve 100% de concordância na avaliação realizada por mulheres continentes e incontinentes. Conclusão: Três vídeos foram postados no YouTube: 1) “Você sabe o que é IU?”; 2) “Você conhece os tipos de IU?”; e 3) “Tratamento fisioterapêutico para IU”, com legendas em inglês e narração em português (brasileiro), sendo considerados válidos pelos especialistas e pela população-alvo.
ASSESSING GREENWASHING PRACTICES WITH SPECIAL RELEVANCE TO THE FOOD & BEVERAGE INDUSTRY
Authors: Tikkha Vrinda , Agarwal Prachi , Rajwanshi Dr. Rohit
Published: September 2024

This paper aims to investigate the concept of greenwashing and its application in various industries, with a specific focus on the food and beverage industry. A systematic Literature Review (SLR) was carried out to identify Greenwashing Practices (GwP). After reviewing more than 20 papers from the Journal of international repute, the definitions related to GwP were studied. It was established that GwP is an unethical marketing practice. Subsequently, all the definitions were run in the WORDITOUT application (Data mining technique) which clearly highlighted the list of negative words attached to this concept. Furthermore, based on SLR, 10 common GwP were identified across various industries. One of the objectives of this research was to study the GwP in Food & beverage (F&B) industry. Content analysis indicated that 5 GwP are highly common and significantly influence consumer behaviour. Key findings highlight the need for stricter regulatory measures and greater consumer awareness to mitigate greenwashing's adverse effects. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into greenwashing trends in South Asia, an area with limited prior research.
SMALLHOLDER RICE AND VEGETABLE FARMERS’ CONSTRAINTS TO ADOPT SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION IN SOUTH TONGU DISTRICT, GHANA
Authors: Tamekloe Michael Kossivi , Matsui Kenichi
Published: September 2024

Past studies agree that small-scale irrigation can be accessible in remote regions and significantly improve smallholder farmers’ agricultural productivity, food security, income growth, and poverty alleviation. However, many of Africa’s smallholder farmers do not appear to be enjoying the expected benefits of irrigation for some reason. This study aimed to investigate the constraints faced by smallholder farmers when adopting small-scale irrigation for crops production with the focus on highly irrigable fertile areas of Ghana. A structured questionnaire survey was administered from September to November 2020 among 120 smallholder farmers in six irrigation communities to better understand their perspective about challenges of small-scale irrigation adoption. We found that despite good irrigation source availability and District policy to make more arable lands available for irrigation farmers, the respondents had relied mainly on rainfall. These smallholder farmers faced the following major constraints: a lack of credit access (100%), erratic rainfall (76%), limited water supply (54%), and unreliable water distribution (53%). They had also experienced such physical constraints as flooding (77%), droughts (93%), and a lack of technical expertise (65%). They showed good interests in adopting irrigation practices with the expectation of higher farm productivity. For this investment, land ownership, age and income were key for their decision-making.
THE DYNAMICS OF ALBANIA'S MEAT SECTOR: TRENDS AND IMPLICATIONS
Authors: BICOKU Ylli , ZEQIRI Medin
Published: September 2024

Albania's agricultural sector is transitioning from subsistence-based farming to a vibrant commercial industry, significantly contributing 21.3% to the nation's GDP. Within this evolving landscape, animal husbandry, especially the meat industry, has emerged as a cornerstone for both farm revenue and market supply. Nonetheless, the sector faces numerous challenges. This paper offers an in-depth examination of Albania's meat production industry through a rigorous methodological framework involving a blend of primary and secondary data analysis. The results emphasize the critical need for significant enhancements across various facets of primary production. Priorities should include improved feed and forage practices, the introduction of specialized meat breeds for cattle and small ruminants, and the adoption of advanced animal husbandry methods. Additionally, it is essential to address meat hygiene standards, animal health controls, meat safety, quality controls, and the efficiency of slaughtering systems. Furthermore, the country currently depends on net imports for several agricultural goods, including meat, as it strives to comply with EU standards. This dependence underscores the urgent need to enhance both competitiveness and food quality within the meat sector. In summary, this research sheds light on both the challenges and potential within Albania’s meat production sector. However, readers should consider the study's limitations to fully grasp the potential constraints and biases, along with the evolving nature of the industry beyond the scope of this analysis.
On the Experience of Teaching Monumental Painting Using the Method of Visual Learning
Authors: Volkov A. P.
Published: September 2024

The author of the article investigates the use of a visual teaching approach for monumental painting, as applied to fifth-year students at the Sergey Andriaka Academy of Watercolor and Fine Arts. The project involved students and their teacher collaboratively creating a painting plafond with a total area of 78 m2. The article chronicles the project's workflow, encompassing the creation of sketches, preparation of cardboard, execution of multilayer painting on canvases, and the subsequent installation of the plafond. Emphasis is placed on techniques for creating polychrome images using colorants with a restrained tonal and color palette, as well as on the multilayer oil painting process, which includes a grisaille tempera undercoat and a final glaze.
Distinctions and Theoretical Approaches Regarding Erotic, Sexual, and Bodily Capital in Social Mobility
Authors: BENGA Corina Ioana
Published: September 2024

The article explores the concepts of erotic, sexual, and bodily capital, examining their role in social mobility and how they are shaped by historical, sociological contexts, and media representations. The concept of erotic capital (Catherine Hakim) combines attributes such as beauty, sexual attractiveness, social grace, and sexuality, functioning similarly to other forms of capital theorized by Bourdieu. In contrast, sexual capital focuses more closely on sexual desirability, while bodily capital includes general physical attributes such as vitality and physical fitness. These forms of capital are socially constructed and vary depending on historical and cultural contexts. The article analyzes the historical evolution of erotic and bodily capital, from the values of ancient societies that linked beauty to moral virtue to the norms of the Renaissance and industrialization that transformed perceptions of the body and attractiveness. In the modern era, media and the digital revolution have amplified these dynamics, promoting and commercializing visual standards of beauty. The article also explores how erotic capital influences social mobility and labor market outcomes, especially for women. The specialized literature indicates that physical attractiveness can create economic opportunities but also challenges such as jealousy or intrasexual competition. However, the idea that sexual desirability automatically leads to power and social status is criticized for oversimplifying socio-economic complexities. Finally, the article emphasizes the role of social networks and media platforms on body image and sexual attractiveness, both through promoting body positivity and perpetuating conventional beauty ideals. The article highlights that perceptions of erotic, sexual, and bodily capital are profoundly influenced by cultural, historical, and mediated factors, making these concepts dynamic and complex. In this context, the evaluation of sexual and bodily capital in contemporary society is closely linked to the intersectionality of personal identities (Kimberlé Crenshaw). This theory shows how different aspects of a person’s identity, such as race, gender, social class, and sexual orientation, intersect to influence individual experiences, including privileges and oppressions. Intersectionality reveals how certain identities are favored while others are marginalized. Eurocentric beauty standards and discrimination against the LGBTQ+ community are examples of how certain groups are disadvantaged. Additionally, societal structures and media representations perpetuate these inequalities, although some recent movements aim to promote more inclusive representations. In the following sections, according to the analyzed specialized literature, the main distinctions between the three forms of capital, which may seem synonymous but in essence, have differences, will be presented.
Antimicrobial Resistance: Interplay of Animal, Environment, Human and Coordinated Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Uzoka Ugonna Henry , Edward Idopise Godwin , Isiaka Amarachukwu Bernaldine , Mgbenwelu Francis Chimnonso , Ugwor Emmanuel Ifeanyichukwu , Anakwenze Vivian Nonyelum , Ani Nneka Victoria
Published: September 2024

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites are examples of microorganisms that exhibit resistance; in contrast, antibiotic resistance is exclusive to bacterial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance poses an escalating global threat to human health. The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens, resulting in compromised treatment efficacy and increased mortality rates poses a significant problem to global health. The transmission of antimicrobial resistant strains between humans and animals, particularly in close contact settings, underscores the necessity of a unified approach to one health and further blurs the boundaries between human and animal health. This article aims to highlight microbial resistance which are of significant clinical and epidemiologic importance. Environmental reservoirs, including water bodies and soil, serve as critical conduits for the transmission of antimicrobial resistant genes. Antimicrobial resistance is a complex dynamic within the interconnected realms of human, animal, and environmental health necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. It is important to review the intricate interplay of these factors, as current evidence suggests, emphasising the urgent need for coordinated mitigation strategies to address the multifaceted challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance. This review provides insight on fostering interdisciplinary research which is critical for elucidating the intricate pathways of resistance transmission and for developing innovative interventions against antimicrobial resistance. The urgency of implementing coordinated and holistic mitigation strategies cannot be overstated, as the consequences of inaction extend beyond individual health sectors to encompass the broader fabric of global health security.
Clinical and Evolutionary Aspects of Domestic Accidents in a Tunisian Pediatric Population
Authors: Jbebli. Elhem , Jbebli Hajer J , Ahmed. Sarra Ben , Amdouni. Rim , Fedhila. Faten , Rhayem Samar , Khemiri Monia
Published: September 2024

Domestic accidents are a global public health problem. They are responsible for high levels of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population. In Tunisia, the extent of this problem remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the nature, prevalence and prognosis of domestic accidents in a Tunisian pediatric population. This was a monocentric retrospective study that collected cases of domestic accidents in children in the Pediatric Medicine Unit A of the Tunis Children’s Hospital over a two-year period (2022 – 2023). Six hundred patients were hospitalized for domestic accidents, representing 6.83% of the department’s activity. The sex ratio was 1.06. The mean age of the patients was 54 ± 42 months. The mean time from accident to emergency consultation was 6 ± 2.5 hours [1 hour – 10 days]. The most common accidents were carbon monoxide poisoning (33%), drug poisoning (24.3%), foreign body inhalation/ingestion (10.3%), caustic ingestion (17.7%), pesticide poisoning (4.5%), and hydrocarbon poisoning (4.5%). The mean length of hospital stay was 1.63 ± 1.6 days. The outcome was favorable in almost all cases (99.8%). A serious accident was observed in 0.7% of cases, with an average intensive care unit stay of 3 ± 1.4 days. This study provides an overview of domestic accidents in a general pediatric ward in Tunisia.
Supervision Strategies for Managing Work-Related Stress in the Nigerian Petroleum Industry
Authors: Esitikot Esang Lazarus , Ekong Akaninyene Edet , Okeke Gerald Ndubuisi , Umoh Mary Ubong , Obadimu Clement O. , Akadi Anthony
Published: September 2024

High work-related stress negatively impacts workers’ health and productivity in the Nigerian petroleum industry. Supervisors in the Nigerian petroleum industry who lack strategies to reduce work-related stress significantly lose worker health and organizational productivity. Grounded in person-environment fit theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies Nigerian petroleum industry supervisors use to manage work-related stress. Participants were six supervisors who have successfully used strategies to reduce work-related stress in the Nigerian petroleum industry. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews and internal company documents relevant to reducing work-related stress and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings of the study showed that effective job planning, defining priorities, effective communication with workers and mentoring are some of the strategies used by the supervisors in managing work related stress in the Nigerian petroleum industry. To enhance a good work-health life in the industry, the study recommended training workers and supervisors on stress management, defining minimum conditions of service for workers, having an organizational policy on stress management, and collaboration among managers, employees, and clients on work-related stress management.
Tendencias genéticas, ambientales y fenotípicas en un rebaño Brahman de registro
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria, Universidad del Zulia, Roman Bravo Rafael Maria , Verde Sandoval Omar Gerardo ,   Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Centra de Venezuela, Maracay, República Bolivariana de Venezuela, Gómez Ramos Benjamín ,   Instituto Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Morelia, Morelia, Michoacán, México, Diaz Maldonado Isaías de Jesús ,   Instituto Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Morelia, Morelia, Michoacán,, Oviedo Boyso Javier ,   Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia, México., Trujillo Pahua Verónica ,   Instituto Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Morelia, Morelia, Michoacán, México
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to estimate the genetic, environmental, and phenotypic trends for 18-month weight (P540) in Brahman cattle. The research was conducted using 3,558 electronic records from the "La Cumaca" experimental station, part of the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences at the Central University of Venezuela. Genetic trends were estimated using three methods: a) by doubling the difference between the regression slopes estimated with the annual population means and the within-sire slope for the trait over years; b) using weighted regression analysis with the annual means derived from models adjusted with half-sibling or full-sibling groupings; and c) simple animal model. The models included the effects of sex, year and month of weight recording, and the effectsof the sire and dam, with variations involving the exclusion of ancestors to obtain trend estimates through differences in regression slopes. The genetic trend according to the first method was 1.2614 kg/year. Using half-sibling groups, the estimate was 3.0308 kg/year, while using full-sibling groups, the genetic change was 2.5332 kg/year. All three methods overestimated the annual genetic change, which was 0.829 kg/year using the animal model. The changes in reference to the population mean for the trait were less than 1%. Consequently, a revision of the selection procedure is suggested.
Inhibiting carbon dioxide hydrate formation using deep eutectic solvents
Authors:   , Ngcobo Themba Luyanda
Published: September 2024

The formation of gas hydrates in pipelines during gas and petroleum extraction processes can result in multiphase systems including gas hydrates. These will form as solids in the presence of water and gas under thermodynamically favourable temperature and pressure conditions. Gas hydrates raise safety concerns, hinder process performance, and impact on financial resources as they block pipelines. The formation of gas hydrates can be efficiently prevented by using certain substances referred to as inhibitors. However, most inhibitors are expensive, potentially dangerous, and damaging to the environment. Hence, there is need to investigate environmentally friendly alternatives to mitigate gas hydrates. The objective of this study was to examine the efficiency of green additives referred to as deep eutectic solvents (DES) in inhibiting carbon dioxide gas hydrate formation. Deep eutectic solvents consisting of Tetrapropylammonium bromide + glycerol (DES-1), Tetramethylammonium chloride + glycerol (DES-2), and Tetramethylammonium chloride + ethylene glycol (DES-3) on carbon dioxide hydrates is investigated. These solvents are worth studying because their synthesis, purification, and environmental friendliness offer economic advantages. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations were used to theoretically determine the conditions that promote or inhibit the formation and stability of cardon dioxide hydrates in the presence of the selected inhibitors. The conditions investigated include temperature, pressure, and inhibitor concentration. The use of rigorous computational methods for preliminary screening significantly reduces the cost and the duration of experiments. MD simulation results were further validated using experimental gas hydrate equilibrium data. Results obtained in the present study indicated that the various DES solutions have both inhibiting and promoting effects. It was also found that low concentrations promoted hydrate dissociation, whereas high concentration greater than 0,20 stabilised hydrate formation. Pressure and temperature also impacted on the concentration of the DES solutions that inhibited or promoted hydrate formation. The concentration of the DES solutions shifted the hydrate curve to inhibit or promote hydrate formation.
Unfair credit practices, borrower challenges and risks, and the role of the National Credit Act in the eThekwini Metropolitan Area
Authors:   , Zulu Lungelo Percival
Published: September 2024

The South African government enacted the National Credit Act No. 34 of 2005 (NCA) primarily to increase consumer access to credit markets, protect consumers from unfair credit and credit-marketing practices by credit providers, promote a fair, accessible marketplace, and establish national norms and standards relating to consumer protection, as well as reduce consumer over-indebtedness. Consequently, credit providers are obligated to adhere to strict rules and regulations when determining a credit consumer's affordability prior to granting home loans. Given the importance of the NCA and the absence of support consumers received from the previous Usury Act No. 73 of 1968 and the Credit Agreements Act No. 75 of 1980, this research seeks to investigate unfair debt practices, challenges and risks experienced by borrowers in connection with unpaid debts, and the role and strategies of the NCA in addressing such challenges and risks. The study employed a quantitative research method. Respondents (credit consumers) completed a survey questionnaire (hardcopy or online) by indicating their credit perspective in terms of unfair credit practices encountered within the market; challenges when trying to access credit; risks in connection with unpaid debts; and the strategies of the NCA to prevent such challenges and risks; along with awareness of the Act. The data strongly suggested borrowers encountered multiple challenges and risks, as a direct result of unfair credit practices by providers. An overall analysis revealed borrowers are unclear regarding the NCA and its provisions. However, findings revealed the NCA does play a significant role in regulating the South African credit market. Prior to enactment of the Act, only a percentage of low- and middle-income groups had access to credit; to ensure equal access, a formal, accessible credit market had to be established.
Increasing catalytic activity of a fructosyltransferase using site-directed mutagenesis
Authors:   , Wang Fanzhi
Published: September 2024

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are naturally occurring metabolites that have a wide application in the food industry. They are one of the most well-studied prebiotics and have been used as an alternative sweetener to sucrose, as the modern diet demands healthier and calorie-reduced foods. FOS is commercially produced either by hydrolysis of inulin into inulin-type FOS or by sucrose transfructosylation into levantype FOS. The levan-type FOS are short-chain FOS and are produced under the catalysis of fructosyltransferase (FTase) or fructofuranosidase (FFase). In this study, FOS production was studied using a fructosyltransferase, SucC, which was originally isolated from Aspergillus niger and was functionally expressed in Pichia pastoris. The tertiary structure of SucC was determined by bioinformatics analysis and catalytic sites were verified and validated by wet and dry experiments where the amino acid residues D64, D194 and E271 were proved to form the catalytic triad. Three mutants, C66S, G273V, L313H were constructed aiming to improve the enzyme performance. Only the C66S mutant showed improved enzymatic activity which was 61% increase in specific activity. The other mutants, G273V and L313H, led to a complete loss of enzyme activity. By simulating saturated mutagenesis, tertiary structure alignment, and molecular docking, it was predicted that the C66S mutation could increase the hydrophilic environment surrounding the active site without visible changes in its structure. Two more amino acid residues (E296, H310) in addition to D64, D122, R193, D194, E271 in mutant C66S were predicted to be interacting with sucrose, and the binding energy changed from -3.65 to -4.14 kcal/mol. Subsequently, mutant C66S was constructed by site-directed mutagenesis and expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. The purified mutant C66S showed improved enzymatic activity with a 61.3% increase in its specific activity. Its Km value was decreased by 13.5% while the kcat value increased by 21.6%. Its transfructosylation efficiency significantly improved during the initial reaction stages of FOS production. These results clearly revealed that the increase of hydrophilicity surrounding the active site enhanced the transfructosylating activities. Therefore, modification of the hydrophilic micro-environment surrounding the active site could be an alternative way to artificially evolve an enzyme’s catalytic efficiency.
Cultivating an Entrepreneurial Mindset to Address Unemployment through Innovation, Adaptability and Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Ibrahim Idowu , Adeniyi Amos
Published: September 2024

In the wake of rising global graduate unemployment, the number of graduates in tertiary institutions is increasing annually, leading to a high demand for job creation. The growing job demand in South Africa has considerably strained the government. Research and innovation have been observed to be a viable source of job creation due to the possibilities of new discoveries that could foster job creation. The challenge associated with this approach is that research in institutions of higher learning is conducted solely for qualifications rather than the possibility of starting businesses. Society and the family system also contribute to this belief system: 'go to school so you can get a good job.’ The focus should be on cultivating an entrepreneurial mindset amongst the university graduates rather than depending on the vanishing existing jobs. Thus, there is a need for an entrepreneurial mindset among university graduates. Incorporating this into the education system will positively affect university graduates finishing and starting their businesses after graduation. Therefore, using a systematic literature review methodology, the study highlights the importance of interdisciplinary research, incorporation of business developments into the institutional general curriculum, government investment in research, and institutional students’ support to convert research into money-making ideas.
AS PLANTAS MEDICINAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO NÃO FORMAL
Authors: Do Nascimento Francisca Silva
Published: September 2024

This work is an excerpt from the Master’s Dissertation that addresses MEDICINAL PLANTS IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION: A STUDY OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BENJAMIN CONSTANT-AM. Medicinal plants, having the ability to help cure or treat various diseases, have been identified and used throughout the history of humanity. The use of plants as medicine is based on non-formal knowledge and the culture of each people. This study has the general objective of understanding how people use medicinal plants in the treatment of coronavirus only with popular knowledge, which is the basis for non-formal education. The present study reports the benefits of medicinal plants used by residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was carried out using a quantitative and qualitative approach. It can be noted that people know some benefits that medicinal plants have, having family culture as their main source of knowledge. The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of diseases goes beyond ethnic, social and geographic barriers. Phytotherapy is among the most widespread health practices in the world.
DA RESTRIÇÃO À REDENÇÃO: A Trajetória Feminina no Processo Eleitoral
Authors: RODRIGUES FERNANDO VINICIUS SOUZA
Published: September 2024

The history of women in politics is marked by a constant struggle against discrimination, violence, and exclusion. From the achievement of suffrage in 1932 (and its constitutionalization in 1934) to their current underrepresentation, women have faced enormous challenges in fully exercising their political rights. This article explores the historical processes of female participation in politics and electoral processes, highlighting how the patriarchal structure has distanced them from these spaces, creating an environment of hostility and resistance. However, we also address the progress made in this process, which is the result of women’s persistent fight for rights and representation. In this context, the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) emerges as an important active agent in promoting a more equal and representative political environment, implementing measures not only to bring women closer but also to enable and ensure their presence in these spaces. Therefore, we will analyze the progress and challenges surrounding female participation in politics, as well as the TSE’s role in this process.
O USO DOS RITMOS E DANÇAS NA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Monteiro Wanyo de Souza
Published: September 2024

This text is an excerpt from the Master’s Dissertation that addresses THE TRIPLE BORDER OF BRAZIL, PERU AND COLOMBIA: CULTURAL DIVERSITY AS A TEACHING TOOL IN A 3RD YEAR CLASS OF PIO VEIGA STATE SCHOOL IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF ATALAIA DO NORTE. Brazil is a country made up of great cultural diversity made up of different peoples, Africans, Europeans and indigenous people, each with their own customs, values ​​and beliefs, a mixture of different cultures. Schools located on borders, for example, are schools considered to have a higher rate of cultural diversity, as they are influenced by neighboring cities/countries. It is worth highlighting that Brazil has intense borders with several South American countries. Among these intense borders, in this study we will highlight the Triple Border: Brazil, Peru and Colombia. Although the school is a favorable environment for working with cultural diversity, what has been seen in the school environment is the great difficulty teachers have in integrating these diversities into their pedagogical practices. In this way, the school must assume the role of intermediary, for the study and knowledge of existing cultures within the school environment, through meaningful pedagogical practices. Thus, this study aimed to analyze how the cultural diversity of the triple border can contribute to the student training process.
Synthesis and characterization of submicron iodinated polymer particles with biostimulant effect on the germination and vigor of corn seedlings
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Marcial-Salvador Lucía , Medrano-Macías Julia ,   Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Enríquez-Medrano Francisco Javier ,   Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Benavides-Mendoza Adalberto ,   Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro
Published: September 2024

Current agriculture faces challenges caused by climate change, which induce states of stress in plants, reducing crop productivity. Micro- or nanomaterials are biostimulants that mitigate these adverse effects, having greater efficiency compared to conventional materials. Iodine, at low concentrations, improves plant growth and production. This study aimed to: 1) synthesize and characterize polymeric particles functionalized with submicron iodine (PI), 2) evaluate the impact of pretreatment of corn seeds with these particles on the germination rate and growth of the seedlings, and 3) quantify the iodine in the PI and in the seedlings. The synthesis of the PI was carried out by a chemical reaction from iohexol with a crosslinker and the addition of a polyethylene glycol coating. The average hydrodynamic diameter of the PIs determined by dynamic light scattering was 217 nm, and the iodine content in the synthesized PIs was 1.67 %. For the germination test, four PI concentrations (5, 10, 20, and 50 mg∙L-1) and a control (distilled water) were used; 50 seeds were imbibed in 10 mL of each solution and placed in a growth chamber at a temperature of 28 °C for 24 h. The results indicate that PIs do not negatively interfere with the seed germination process and the treatment with a concentration of 50 mg∙L-1 PI significantly favored some growth variables. The latter indicates that the synthesized PIs presented a biostimulant effect and may be a viable alternative as a biofortifier.
Metode Pembelajaran Tipe Jigsaw: Implementasi Pada Siswa Kelas IV MIS Teladan Guppi
Authors: Aslamyah Susi , Dahnial Irfan
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini diawali dengan wawancara awal antara peneliti dengan guru kelas IV MIS Teladan Guppi, yang mengungkapkan bahwa sebagian siswa belum mencapai Standar Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi keberhasilan Penerapan Metode Tipe Jigsaw yang efektif untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn di Mis Teladan Guppi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dan subjek penelitannya adalah siswa kelas IV sebanyak 25 siswa (17 siswa perempuan dan 8 siswa laki- laki). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, yang masing-masing siklus meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, penilaian, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Penerapan Metode Tipe Jigsaw efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV pada mata pelajaran PPKn di Mis Teladan Guppi, hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil belajar siswa sebelum penerapan (pra-siklus) hanya terdapat 28% (7 siswa) yang mampu melewati nilai KKM, kemudian pada siklus I nilai siswa dinyatakan meningkat dan menunjukkan sebesar 52% (13 siswa) telah memiliki nilai tuntas. Selanjutnya pada tahap akhir yaitu siklus II terjadi peningkatan signifikan, sebesar 92% (23 siswa) sudah melampaui batas KKM. Sementara itu, hanya 8% (2 siswa) yang masih belum mencapai nilai tuntas atau tidak melampaui batas KKM. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode JIGSAW efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Eksplorasi Strategi Belajar Siswa Berprestasi Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Siswa SD
Authors: Yudhani Ardheila Setya , Nugraha Andre Eksaputra , Murtiyasa Budi , Setyaningsih Nining
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi strategi belajar siswa berprestasi dalam pembelajaran matematika di SD Negeri 02 Blulukan, yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi strategi-strategi efektif yang digunakan siswa dalam konteks sekolah dasar di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa berprestasi menggunakan strategi seperti mencari pola dalam soal matematika, membuat catatan dan diagram, serta rutin mengerjakan latihan soal. Selain itu, faktor pendukung seperti motivasi tinggi, disiplin belajar, dan dukungan lingkungan juga berperan penting. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa strategi belajar yang efektif dan dukungan lingkungan yang positif dapat meningkatkan prestasi akademik siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam mengidentifikasi strategi belajar efektif dan faktor pendukung yang digunakan siswa berprestasi dalam pembelajaran matematika di sekolah dasar. Hasilnya dapat membantu guru dan orang tua meningkatkan prestasi siswa melalui metode pengajaran dan lingkungan belajar yang lebih baik.
Pengaruh Model Problem-Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Peserta Didik MTsN
Authors: Yulianti Amalia , Zetriuslita Zetriuslita
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas VIII MTsN 1 Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian quasi eksperimen yaitu pendekatan Nonequivalent Control Group. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII MTsN 1 Pekanbaru sepanjang tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Metode pemilihan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cluster random sampling, dimana sampel yang diambil sebanyak 34 siswa dari kelas VIII.7 sebagai kelompok eksperimen. Sebagai pembanding, sampel yang diambil sebanyak 33 siswa dari kelas VIII.5 sebagai kelompok kontrol. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa lembar pre-test dan posttest. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pendekatan tes. Pendekatan analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji Mann-Whitney U diperoleh nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)  dengan  dan Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) = 0,000 (), maka H0 ditolak, H1 diterima, artinya terdapat perbedaan antara rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model Problem-Based Learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik kelas VIII MTsN 1 Pekanbaru.
Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Berbasis Gaya Belajar: Analisis Pada Siswa Kelas X SMA
Authors: Ilhamsyah Ilhamsyah , Bahar Erni Ekafitria
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita berbasis gaya belajar siswa. Subjek pada penelitian ini sebanyak 3 orang siswa kelas X yang mewakili masing-masing gaya belajar. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket gaya belajar, lembar tes komunikasi matematis berupa soal cerita sebanyak 2 soal essay, serta pedoman wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu pemberian angket gaya belajar, pemberian tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis, serta wawancara semi terstruktur. Teknik Analisis Data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan verfikasi. Indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan mengkomunikasikan situasi berbentuk soal cerita, benda nyata dan gambar secara tertulis, kemampuan menghubungkan situasi berbentuk soal cerita benda nyata, dan gambar kedalam model matematika dan kemampuan memberikan penjelasan atas jawaban secara tertulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa gaya belajar visual dan auditorial berada pada kategori sedang karena hanya menenuhi dua indikator dari tiga indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis yaitu hanya memenuhi indikator kemampuan mengkomunikasikan situasi berbentuk soal cerita, benda nyata dan gambar secara tertulis dan kemampuan menghubungkan situasi berbentuk soal cerita, benda nyata dan gambar kedalam model matematika. Kemampuan komunikasi matemastis siswa gaya belajar kinesetetik berada pada kategori tinggi karena memenuhi ketiga indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis
Leukemia Detection Revolution: AI and Machine Learning Enhance Image-Based Diagnosis
Authors: Bandan Sheikh Sadi , Sabbir MD. Samiul Islam , Hossain Md Sharuf , Kobra Khadiza Tul
Published: September 2024

Currently, several diseases have become epidemic in Bangladesh, one of them is leukemia. This disease usually affects people of any age. It is usually found in blood cells, blood plasma, bone marrow. If this disease has been going on for a long time and without specific treatment, it often does not turn into cancer. It is called leukemia when it effects the blood and bone marrow. As a general rule white blood cells are affected by leukemia. Leukemia dataset is composed of both images of blood smears from leukemia patients and non-leukemia patients. While earlier research has simply found leukemia or categorized it into a few varieties, this study has recognized leukemia and defined its types, bringing the categorization process one step further. Artificial intelligence can help us with this. For instance, we can use machine learning and deep learning algorithms to detect leukemia cells and be alerted when they are detected. In this paper I have used the Customize CNN algorithm, through which we have used 7 architectures of CNN. The 5 methods of Customize CNN we used are VGG19, MobileNetV2, MobileNetV3, DenseNet201, Inception V3. The accuracy of VGG19 is 63%, that of MobileNetV2 is 97%, that of MobileNetV3 is 99%, that of DenseNet201 is 99%, that of Inception V3 is 96%. From all the methods, it can be seen that the highest accuracy has been found in MobileNetV3 and DenseNet201 methods. The lowest accuracy was obtained using the VGG19 model.
Optimization of Xanthan Gum Production by Xanthomonas Campestris Isolated from Cabbage Leaves Sold in Keffi, Nigeria
Authors: Makut MD , Danladi NA , Ekeleme IK
Published: September 2024

Xanthan is a water-soluble hetero-exopolysaccharide produced by the plant pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. This investigation aimed at production from Xanthomonas campestris isolated from cabbage leaves sold in Keffi and Jos, Nigeria. Standard microbiological methods were employed for isolation and identification of the Xanthomonas campestris cabbage leaves. The yields of xanthan gum produced by the various isolates of the Xanthomonas campestris were determined using ethanol to precipitate the gum. The occurrence of of Xanthomonas campestris was 26.0 % and the isolation rate of from Keffi was 24.0 % and from Jos was 12.0 %. The screening xanthan gum showed that two species of the Xanthomonas campestris isolated was able to produce xanthan gum isolate with code Xjc2 produced 11.0 ± 0.03 g/l and Xkc5 produced 0.6 ± 0.00 g/l. On effect of pH the highest xanthan gum was produced by Xkc5 at pH 6.0 (1.09g/l) with biomass of (2.78g/l) and the lowest was at pH 4.0 (0.44g/l) and biomass (0.74g/l) While Xjc5 produced highest at pH 5.5 (1.12g/l) and biomass (3.78 g/l) and lowest was at pH 4.0 (0.34g/l) and biomass (0.78g/l). On effect of temperature the highest xanthan gum produced by Xkc5 was recorded at 30oC (1.11 g/l) and biomass (3.88 g/l) and the lowest was at 45 oC (0.37 g/l) and biomass (1.65g/l) while Xjc2 produced highest at 30oC (1.91 g/l) and biomass (4.97 g/l) 45 oC (0.41 g/l) and biomass (1.52g/l). The highest xanthan gum was produced by Xkc5 was observed at 80% concentration of (1.00g/l) and biomass of (4.04g/l) and the least was at 20% concentration (0.39g/l) and biomass (0.92g/l) while Xjc2 produced highest at 80% concentration (1.09g/l) and biomass of (3.89g/l) and the lowest was at 20% concentration (0.47g/l) and biomass of (1.22g/l). The highest xanthan gum was produced by Xkc2 was observed after 120 hours (1.38g/l) and biomass (3.38g/l) and the lowest was after 24 hours (0.35g/l) and biomass (0.98g/l) while Xjc2 produced highest after 144 hours (1.41g/l) and biomass (4.12 g/l) and lowest was after24 hours (0.24g/l) and biomass (1.20 g/l). The Xanthomonas campestris isolated from cabbage leaves sold in Keffi and Jos revealed great ability in production of xanthan gum.
Nutritional and Bioactive Properties of Cola Lepidota & Cola Pachycarpa (Ochicha) Seed Extracts on Three Strains of Organisms
Authors: U. P. Ogidi, , G. E Ibelegbu, , N. C. Oji, , C. C. Ulonnamefula,
Published: September 2024

This study evaluated the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial potentials of Cola lepidota and Cola pachycarpa seeds. Ethanol and distilled water were used as solvents for phytochemical extraction, while the test bacterial strains were obtained from the National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Jos, Plateau State. The plant bioactive compounds were detected using qualitative and quantitative phytochemical evaluation, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analytical methods. Proximate composition was determined, and antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power activity, and ABTS+ assays. The antibacterial activity of the seed extract was evaluated via the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) using the agar-well diffusion method. The result of quantitative analysis showed lower concentrations of phenols (1.26 mg/g and 1.35 mg/g), flavonoids (0.87 mg/g and 0.93 mg/g), tannins (1.08 mg/g and 1.17 mg/g), saponins (1.49 mg/g and 1.57 mg/g), and alkaloids (0.43 mg/g and 0.46 mg/g) in C. lepidota than in C. pachycarpa. Conversely, the mineral composition was higher in C. lepidota, recording 3.92%, 1.02%, 0.17%, 0.02%, and 0.01% for potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, and iron, respectively. The extracts showed no inhibitory activity against the bacterial strains: Escherichia coli ATCC 0157, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, and Bacillus substilis ATCC 6633. As such, failed to justify the ethno-pharmaceutical uses in the treatment of bacterial diseases. However, they demonstrated rich innate antioxidant activity and may be helpful in the prevention or reduction of oxidation or similar associated disorders in humans.
Detecting Alzheimer’s disease and brain tumors using machine learning and convolutional neural networks (CNNs)
Authors: Nag Shivani Puram
Published: September 2024

This white paper presents a systematic study and proposes a novel solution for detecting Alzheimer's disease and brain tumors using machine learning (ML) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Given the increasing prevalence of these neurological disorders and the critical need for early and accurate diagnosis, the proposed approach leverages advanced CNN architectures with multi-modal data fusion to enhance diagnostic precision. The study systematically reviews recent literature and integrates state-of-the-art techniques to propose a comprehensive framework that can be implemented in clinical settings.
Keywords: Elaborated Proposed Solution, Detecting Alzheimer's Disease and Brain Tumors Using Machine Learning and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)
GAMBARAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 PRE VAKSINASI I PADA MASYARAKAT DI RSUP H. ADAM MALIK
Authors: Enda Ertiyana  , Novita Hasiani Simanjuntak  , Janry Lewis H.S Sinaga
Published: September 2024

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which is a new type of coronavirus that has never been previously identified in humans. One possible way to prevent the wider spread of the Covid-19 pandemic is by vaccination and it is still supported by the implementation of health protocols or behavior to wear masks, wash hands, keep distance, stay away from crowds and reduce mobility.
Objective: This study aims to determine the description of preventive behavior before the first Covid-19 vaccination in the community at RSUP H. Adam Malik
Methods: This research is a type of descriptive research. With the number of samples obtained 200 samples were assessed by distributing using a questionnaire.
Results: As much 171 people (85.5%) had bad behavior in the act of keeping a distance, as many as 132 people (66%) had bad behavior in the act of wearing a mask, as many as 167 people (83.5%) had bad behavior in the act of washing hands, as many as 184 These people (92%) had bad behavior in the act of avoiding crowds, as many as 117 people (58.5%) had bad behavior on the act of reducing mobility.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the research and discussion, a description of preventive behavior before the Covid-19 vaccination I in the community at H. Adam Malik Hospital showed that more than half of them behaved badly towards Covid-19 prevention behavior.
Keywords: Covid-19, Covid-19 prevention behavior, Covid-19 vaccine