bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in growth and nutritional status of Korean toddlers and preschoolers: a cross-sectional study using 2010–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data
Authors: Turridha Annisa , Shim Jae Eun
Published: January 2025

Objectives: We aimed to analyze trends in growth and nutrient intake patterns in Korean toddlers and preschoolers and generate data for international comparisons of early childhood growth status.Methods: Overall, 3,661 children aged 1–4 years were included. This study used the data from the 5th–8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The weight-for-height, height-for-age, weight-for-age, and body mass index-for-age z-scores of the participants were calculated using the World Health Organization 2006 child growth z-score reference cutoff points. The 24-hour recall method was used to determine dietary intake, which was assessed according to the Dietary Reference Intake for Koreans. All statistical analyses were conducted and weighted according to a complex sample design.Results: Most Korean toddlers and preschoolers demonstrated normal growth, with an increasing trend noted over the survey period. Concurrently, the prevalence of overweight decreased. The mean intake of energy from fat exhibited an upward trend, paralleling that of protein and fat. Conversely, the intake of several essential micronutrients declined. The prevalence of nutritional inadequacy showed significant variation throughout the survey period; the proportion of inadequacy in carbohydrate intake decreased, whereas those of iron, vitamin A, thiamin, niacin, and vitamin C increased.Conclusion: South Korea is making significant progress in supporting toddlers and preschoolers, as evidenced by consistent increases in the proportion of children with normal growth and decreases in the prevalence of malnutrition. Future research should focus on exploring dietary patterns and analyzing specific food groups that are essential for promoting optimal growth and nutritional status in children.
Nutritional content and healthiness in sweet and salty snacks and beverages popular in South Korea and the United States assessed by nutrition labels: a cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Gong Bo Jeong , Lucas Segovia , Camara Diewo , Jolly Pauline E. , Piyathilake Chandrika , Hyun Taisun
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study investigated the nutritional differences between sweet and salty snacks and beverages in South Korea (Korea) and the United States (US). Nutritional content and healthiness were determined using back- and front-of-package nutrition labeling (FoPNL) systems.Methods: Three snack and three beverage categories popular in Korea and the US were selected. Statistical data were used to determine the top 10–15 best-selling products in each category in each country. The selected products included chips (n = 15), cookies (n = 10), chocolate (n = 13), carbonated drinks (n = 10), fruit juices/drinks (n = 10, 5/5), and energy drinks (n = 10). The study excluded products that were artificially sweetened. Nutritional information and percentages of fruit and vegetable content in each product were collected from brand websites and grocery stores in each country. The FoPNL system was used to assess the healthiness of the products, which included multiple traffic light labels, a Health Star Rating, and a Nutri-Score.Results: Overall, Korean snacks contained significantly more protein, total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol than US snacks. However, the US chips and carbonated drinks contained more sodium, while the US energy drinks contained more caffeine than Korean products. The serving size of US carbonated drinks was significantly larger than that of Korean drinks, whereas the serving size of US chips was smaller than that of Korean products. The FoPNL system classified the majority of products as ‘less healthy.’Conclusion: Our results suggest that Korean and US food manufacturers should improve the nutritional quality and/or serving size of commonly consumed food products. Policymakers in both countries should work to improve the presentation of ingredient and nutrient information on nutritional labels to assist consumers in making healthier food choices.
Co-occurrence network and pattern of school lunch using big data and text-mining using data from the 2021–2023 school meal menu information on the NEIS open educational information portal: an exploratory study
Authors: Kang Hyeyun , Kim Jimi
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study aimed to use big data from elementary, middle, and high school lunches to determine the primary food groups and menu items that contribute to lunch meals through text-mining and investigate the variations in food groups and menu composition patterns across different grade levels.Methods: Between 2021 and 2023, a total of 7,892,456 lunch menus from 17 cities and provinces in South Korea were analyzed using big data from the National Education Information System (NEIS) system. After undergoing text preprocessing for text-mining, the collected menus were classified into 34 food groups based on primary ingredients and cooking methods, excluding the types of rice and kimchi. Subsequently, analyses of term frequency, term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), centrality, and co-occurrence networks were performed on the food group and menu data.Results: According to the TF-IDF, the most frequent food group across all grade levels was soup and seasoned vegetables, whereas milk was the most frequently provided menu. As the grade level increased, the frequency of grilled and fried food increased. In elementary schools, fruits exhibited the highest centrality, whereas soup had the highest centrality in middle and high schools. Co-occurrence frequency revealed that the soup-fruit combination was the most common in elementary schools, whereas soup and seasoned vegetables were most frequently paired in middle and high schools. The co-occurrence network of food groups and menus further indicated that menus regularly provided as standard meals and those frequently offered as special meals formed distinct communities.Conclusion: This study investigated the food groups and menu provision patterns in school meals through text-mining techniques applied to large-scale school lunch. The findings may contribute in enhancing the quality of nutritional management, school foodservice, and menu composition of school meal programs.
Development and application of a dietary program to reduce sugar intake using a living lab approach in Korea: an intervention study
Authors: Kim Jung-Hyun , Kyung Min Sook , Choi Seul Ki
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and apply a dietary program to reduce sugar intake among community residents using a Living Lab approach. Methods: We developed and applied a community-based dietary program to reduce sugar intake. Participants were recruited from community organizations, including a children’s food service management center, elementary to high schools, a university, a family center, a community health center, and an elderly welfare center. The dietary program was conducted in two phases; start and next levels. The start level included a pre-assessment of dietary behaviors and participation in educational platforms, whereas the next level included activities using educational platforms, tailored mission and feedback, and pre- and post-surveys. Extension educators at each community organization implemented the dietary program following organization-specific guidelines. Changes in participants’ nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors and perceptions, self-efficacy, intention to reduce sugar intake, and participants’ program satisfaction were analyzed using paired t-tests. Results: In total, 1,238 and 339 individuals participated in the start and next level, respectively. Participants reported significantly lower scores on dietary behavior items regarding drinking more juice or soft drinks after program participation (P = 0.009) and craving sweet foods (P = 0.046). They reported a higher intention to take interest in sugar content in food (P = 0.009) and lower-sugar recipes (P = 0.019), eat less food with high sugar content (P = 0.020), and drink water or sparkling water instead of soft drinks (P = 0.042). Nutrition knowledge did not significantly change after program participation. Program satisfaction significantly increased from the start level to the next level (P<0.050). Conclusion: This study showed the potential of using a Living Lab approach to implement community-wide dietary interventions. Further research is required to evaluate the effectiveness of the Living Lab approach in various community settings.
getanzt wie gemalt
Authors: Regitz Hartmut
Published: January 2025

Caspar David Friedrich, Vincent van Gogh und Jackson Pollock gehören zu den Titanen der Malerei. Was passiert, wenn sich der Tanz an ihnen abarbeitet? Antworten von Hartmut Regitz
frida & frida
Authors: Regitz Hartmut
Published: January 2025

im Friedrichstadt-Palast Berlin. Von Hartmut Regitz
Ärztliche Strafbarkeitsrisiken bei der ambulanten Behandlung von Patienten mit Betäubungsmitteln
Authors: Anwar Mona
Published: January 2025

Narcotics play a prominent role in medical practice. However, there are no in-depth (current) studies on the associated risks of criminal liability and the field of tension in which doctors operate. This work closes a gap in this respect and classifies outpatient treatment with narcotics as a whole in terms of legal policy and narcotics criminal law. Both substitution therapy, which has always been problematic, and other treatments with narcotics are examined. In both areas, the work uncovers numerous legal uncertainties, inaccuracies and contradictions in the legal regulations and makes suggestions de lege ferenda.
Out means Out?
Authors: Klein Sabrina
Published: January 2025

What rules of international law apply to the disintegration of a non-state subject of international law? This question arose against the background of Brexit and its practical effects on international agreements of the EU and its member states. The book first shows that the frequently invoked international treaty law does not provide a suitable basis for discussion to answer this question. An alternative explanatory approach is then analysed: Based on an evaluation of the preliminary work on the Vienna Convention on State Succession in Respect of Treaties, the book justifies an analogy between an EU withdrawal and state separations and argues in favour of treating Brexit as a case of treaty succession.
Melancholische Daseinsfreude
Authors: Schulz-Nieswandt Frank
Published: January 2025

Using the example of recent, primarily social science research in the context of the political programs of the policy against loneliness in Germany, the problem of the ultimate unavailability of the subject is problematized in such a way that the idea of socio-political interventions as strategies of the feasibility of changing ways of life must shift from a socially liberal or left-liberally committed populism to a humanism of melancholic joy of existence. Epistemologically, the causality models as well as the philosophical deficits or the onto-anthropological gaps of a sufficient phenomenological reconstruction of the world relationship between subject and world should also be problematized.
Das Nutzungsentgelt für Außenseiter-Arbeitnehmer als Instrument zur Stärkung der Tarifautonomie
Authors: Kohl Franziska
Published: January 2025

Within the framework of historical and legal-economic analysis, the author identifies the widespread possibility of free participation of unorganized (“outsider”) employees in collective agreements via reference clauses as a structural deficit in German collective bargaining law. She examines whether and how the idea of commercializing trade union work vis-à-vis outsiders to solve the free-rider problem, which was already discussed in 1961, can be developed into an instrument to strengthen collective bargaining autonomy nowerdays. By way of legal comparison, she also acknowledges the legally regulated solidarity contribution in Swiss law and concludes with a concrete legislative proposal for the introduction of a user fee in German law.
Das Testament
Authors: Muscheler Karlheinz
Published: January 2025

Which lawyer is not familiar with the difficult and responsible task of interpreting a will? Difficult, because you can no longer question the testator; responsible, because it is the last word of a person. Unlike most other legal transactions, a will is not interpreted from the perspective of the recipient, but solely from the formal will of the testator. The legally prescribed form marks the limit of interpretation. The book examines the close relationship between will, form and content in all relevant subject areas. Legal history, legal doc-trine, comparative law and legal policy are equally addressed.
Evaluating the Inhibitory Effects of Probiotic Bacteria and Propolis Extracts on the Growth and Histopathological Changes in Gastric Tissues of Helicobacter pylori Challenged Wistar Rats
Authors: Kiani Roghayeh , Mojgani Naheed , Kobarfard Farzad , Saffarian Parvaneh , Ayatollahi Seyed Abdulmajid , Khoramjouy Mona
Published: January 2025

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a significant contributor to a range of gastrointestinal conditions, with conventional treatment methods primarily relying on antibiotics. However, the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains has necessitated the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches. Objectives: To determine the in vitro antibacterial potential of probiotic bacteria (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus BLRH 260 and Limosilactobacillus reuteri) and four propolis extracts against H. pylori and to analyze their impacts on body weight index and histopathological changes in H. pylori-challenged Wistar rats. Methods: The inhibitory effects of probiotic bacteria (L. rhamnosus BLRH 260 and L. reuteri) and propolis extracts on the growth of H. pylori were evaluated using an agar well diffusion assay. In vivo analysis involved fifty-four male Wistar rats (200 - 250 g) infected with an H. pylori suspension (108 CFU/mL) and orally administered propolis or probiotics (108 CFU/mL) via gavage for 21 days. The effects of different treatments on body weight and histopathological changes in gastric tissue samples were assessed, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: The tested propolis extracts and the supernatant fluids from the mentioned probiotic strains showed significant antibacterial activity against H. pylori in the agar well diffusion assay, with notable variations. In vivo, the findings demonstrated that oral administrations of propolis and probiotics, either separately or in combination, led to significant increases in body weight and amelioration of histopathological changes in gastric tissue samples, particularly in terms of erosion depth, hemorrhagic inflammation, and apoptosis in the infected animals. Histopathological differences between antibiotic-treated animals and those receiving other treatments were observed, with significant differences. Conclusions: The results of this study underscore the potential therapeutic benefits of propolis and probiotics in addressing H. pylori-induced gastropathy. Additional research is necessary to clarify the mechanisms involved and to refine dosage and treatment protocols for optimal effectiveness.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Central Region of Iran: Antibiotic Resistance and SCCmecA Types
Authors: Fatehi Fazli Seyed Ali , Fatahi-Bafghii Mehdi , Vakili Mahmoud , Sadeh Maryam
Published: January 2025

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is known as one of the bacteria causing a wide range of nosocomial infections. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in clinical specimens using phenotypic and molecular methods and to evaluate the types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 230 S. aureus isolates were obtained from various clinical samples from six therapeutic and diagnostic centers in Yazd, Iran (Shahid Sadoughi, Afshar, Shahid Rahnemoon, Shohadaye Kargar, Shohadaye Mehrab Hospitals, and the central laboratory) between November 2021 and June 2022. The antibiotic resistance of all isolates was determined using the disk diffusion method. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains were identified through cefoxitin disc diffusion. Additionally, the femA and panton-valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes, as well as SCCmecA types, were determined using specific primers via conventional PCR and multiplex PCR methods. Results: All isolates were positive for the femA gene, and 78 (33.9%) isolates were identified as MRSA. Erythromycin exhibited the highest resistance rate at 83.3%, followed by tetracycline at 56.4%. Among the MRSA isolates, 29.5% contained the PVL gene. Furthermore, 59 isolates (75.6%) were identified as SCCmec type IV, while 11.5% (9) were type III, 10.3% (8) were type V, and 6.2% (2) were type I. Conclusions: This study found that 33.9% of the isolates were identified as MRSA, with a high erythromycin resistance rate of 83.3%. SCCmec type IV predominated at 75.6%. These findings emphasize the need for ongoing surveillance and targeted strategies to manage MRSA and its resistance patterns, especially in light of the increasing prevalence of community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) in therapeutic centers across Iran.
Bridging the Skills Gap: The Role of Modular Project Management in Medical Sciences Graduate Training
Authors: Azhideh Leila , Ahmady Soleiman , Zare Khafri Abozar , Sohrabi Somaye
Published: January 2025

Background: Project management skills are increasingly vital in today's complex global landscape. However, graduates often lack practical skills, leading to project failures. This study evaluates the effectiveness of modular project management courses in enhancing graduates' skills. Objectives: This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a modular project management course that integrates theoretical knowledge with practical skills, using instructional models like ASSURE and Kirkpatrick's evaluation framework. Methods: The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, targeting university faculty, administrative staff, and graduate students. The course included interactive lectures, simulations, and group workshops. The evaluation utilized semi-structured interviews and pre-and post-tests to assess participant satisfaction and knowledge acquisition. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative content analysis. Results: A total of 150 participants completed the course. Analysis revealed that 85% expressed satisfaction, and pre-and post-test results indicated a significant increase in knowledge (P < 0.001). Qualitative feedback highlighted strengths in hands-on applications and instructor quality while suggesting enhancements in interactivity. Conclusions: Modular project management courses effectively enhance practical skills and knowledge retention among graduates. Continuous evaluation and adaptation are necessary to ensure alignment with professional competencies.
Junqueiro e Saramago : Portugal, Deus e o ser humano
Authors: Nogueira Carlos
Published: January 2025

Partindo de palavras de José Saramago sobre o livro de poemas Finis Patriae (1891), de Guerra Junqueiro, este artigo aproxima as vidas e as obras de dois dos autores portugueses que, em vida, mais impacto tiveram na consciência coletiva nacional. Em particular, trata-se de comparar e procurar compreender de que modo Junqueiro, hoje quase completamente esquecido, e Saramago, um escritor de alcance universal, abordam temas como a decadência de Portugal, a política e a sociedade portuguesas, Deus e o ser humano. Dada a centralidade do tema da decadência de Portugal, estabelece-se também um diálogo com Antero de Quental e o seu célebre discurso Causas da Decadência dos Povos Peninsulares nos Últimos Três Séculos (1871).
Costruzioni ibride nella derivazione e nella composizione dell'italiano
Authors: Micheli Maria Silvia
Published: January 2025

Questo contributo intende approfondire il fenomeno dell'ibridismo nella formazione di parola dell'italiano attraverso un'indagine basata su corpus di due costruzioni ibride tra italiano e inglese: la costruzione derivativa over-X e quella compositiva X-style. Le due costruzioni vengono descritte sulla base di parametri morfologici, semantici e quantitativi, al fine di mettere in luce come questi elementi provenienti dall'inglese siano usati produttivamente dai parlanti italiani per creare nuove parole e con quali elementi interni al sistema si pongono in competizione.
I nomi deverbali e denominali in -(a)ta in siciliano antico
Authors: Brucale Luisa
Published: January 2025

In questo saggio si cerca di fornire una prima descrizione del comportamento dei nomi in -(a)ta nel siciliano antico testimoniato dai testi raccolti in ARTESIA (XIV-XVI sec.). I nomi deverbali e denominali in -(a) ta vengono analizzati alla luce delle proposte teoriche formulate nella letteratura sull'italiano e sulle lingue romanze; su queste basi è possibile confermare per il siciliano qui esaminato alcune delle caratteristiche già individuate per i nomi in -(a)ta italiani. Tale analisi si mostra utile anche a caratterizzare il nucleo semantico dell'operazione derivazionale che forma questi nomi nella funzione di estrapolare un ente discreto e individuato a partire da un processo o da una massa.
L'alternanza degli ausiliari nei dialetti italiani : progetto di una banca dati
Authors: Ripamonti Fabio , Štichauer Pavel
Published: January 2025

Questo articolo descrive il progetto di ricerca denominato MIXPAR, acronimo per MIXed PARadigms, già introdotto da Štichauer (2022). L'obiettivo del progetto è raccogliere e analizzare tutti i dati pubblicati fino ad oggi sul fenomeno dell'ausiliazione perfettiva mista nell'italo-romanzo. Il progetto MIXPAR rappresenta una banca dati sviluppata seguendo i principi standardizzati implementati attualmente per la costruzione dei lessici morfologici. L'articolo illustra innanzitutto la natura di tali paradigmi misti, ampiamente documentati in molti dialetti italiani, in cui si riscontra un'alternanza intraparadigmatica dei due ausiliari avere/essere accanto alla libera variazione e alle forme suppletive quali jera, eva, seva ecc. L'articolo prosegue quindi con l'introduzione dei singoli parametri della banca dati giustificandone la motivazione e discutendo di alcuni problemi associati. Infine, viene presentata una versione a formato lungo con diverse variabili corrispondenti alla cella paradigmatica: verbo e costruzione, classe, ausiliare, rafforzamento fonosintattico, informazioni geografiche, classificazione dialettale, fonte e note aggiuntive. Si conclude che il database diventerà sicuramente uno strumento utile nonostante alcuni problemi che saranno risolti a tempo debito.
Da dilemática condição crioula : construção identitária, estratégias de sobrevivência e catarse em poesia de Macau
Authors: Borges Vera
Published: January 2025

A condição das comunidades crioulas é per se dramática e dilemática, se as pensarmos a partir dos conceitos de H. Bhabha (1998), como sociedades culturalmente híbridas, "intersticiais", emergindo nas zonas de contacto, tal como Pratt as definiu (2008) em contexto colonial. Macau funcionaria como um desses "entre-lugares", sendo a já de si originariamente contraditória e ambígua condição macaense agonicamente posta à prova no contexto do final dos impérios coloniais, pelos acontecimentos que marcaram o século XX, com o anunciado regresso de Macau à China. Considerar-se-ão alguns momentos de reflexão sobre a identidade macaense em várias vozes poéticas, formulações essas marcadas por estratégias de sobrevivência e catarse.
Incipit parodia : několik nesoustavných poznámek k paralelám mezi Friedrichem Nietzschem a Igorem Stravinským
Authors: Sýkora Pavel
Published: January 2025

The study strives to find parallels between Friedrich Nietzsche and Igor Stravinsky. It focuses on the anti-Romantic elements representing by Richard Wagner's music-drama, the rejection of subjectivity in art, the inclination towards play-elements both in philosophy and music, the critical admiration for Antiquity, the dissonance between Dionysian chorus and individual, the awareness of possibilities of salvation by rationality, the affection for dance. By means of parody, Nietzsche and Stravinsky reveal the essence of different original models.
Transalpine conflict resolution between arbitration and reprisals : the Haidens of Vienna vs. Bologna, 1438-1498
Authors: Schmidt Ondřej
Published: January 2025

This case study examines the protracted dispute over confiscated property between the prominent merchant Henry Haiden of Vienna and his heirs on the one side and the city of Bologna and one of its citizens, Ercole Fantuzzi, on the other, which unfolded between 1438 and 1498. Thanks to the wealth of as yet unpublished sources stored in the Bologna archives, it is possible to reconstruct the individual phases of the 60-year conflict in considerable detail, to analyse the strategies pursued by the parties involved, and to identify the various legal instruments employed to obtain justice. On a broader level, this paper shows the possibilities and limits of transalpine dispute resolution in the late Middle Ages, which was necessarily conditioned by the interplay between trade and diplomacy, law and politics.
Role of arbiter in Roman classical law
Authors: Dostalík Petr
Published: January 2025

The paper deals with the role of the jury in Roman court proceedings. It presents the basic characteristics of Roman civil procedure in the classical period. It points out the differences between the older period of so-called proceedings by means of statutory actions (legis actiones) and proceedings by means of so-called procedural formulas. The emphasis is on the classical period of Roman law. The court proceedings of this period differ in substance from both the older and the Justinian proceedings. The judicial process of the Emperor Justinian is based on the type of extra ordinem procedure that was introduced during the reign of the Roman emperors. This procedure has all the characteristics of a modern judicial procedure – the trial is presided over by a professional judge, appointed by the State and trained in law, the legal effects of the proceedings occur when the action is served, there is a possibility of appeal within a hierarchical system of appeal courts, etc. The court proceedings under classical law are much less formal and based on greater cooperation between the parties; the parties themselves determine the conditions under which they will submit to the judge's judgment, and the state only authorizes the parties' agreement. The parties also choose the arbitrator in whom they have confidence and to whom they entrust the fate of their dispute. The arbitrator focuses not on the legal evaluation of the dispute, but only on proving particular facts that are alleged by the parties during the process. The arbitrator's judgment itself is as binding and immutable as that of a modern court and can also be – very quickly and effectively executed by the power of the state.
Ecclesiastical dispute resolution in the diocese of Prague : arbitration proceedings of Vicar general and corrector of the clergy at the turn of 14th and 15th century
Authors: Ondrášková Veronika
Published: January 2025

The submission analyses the arbitrary practice within two of the archbishop's representative offices in the diocese of Prague. It focuses on the arbitrary agenda as documented in the Acta iudiciaria and Acta correctoris cleri 1407–1410, which served as judicial records for the vicar general and the corrector of the clergy (the ecclesiastical criminal judge). These selected offices provide an insight into the application of general canon law in bohemian practice. Subsequently, the paper addresses three main questions. The first question pertains to terminology issues and the potential distinction between "Arbiter, arbitrator and amicabilis compositor" before the judge, particularly considering that these terms held distinct meanings under canon law. The second question delves into an overview of the cases and focuses on the status of arbiters and their compliance with canon law. In the final analysis, the paper explores the procedural approach of the vicar general and corrector of the clergy, offering insight into the practices at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries. Given the nature of out-of-court litigation, the submission also comments on the methods of coercion used in the recorded cases and the punitive measures applied within the proceedings.
The Prague "Parvus ordinarius" : its doctrine on judicial and extrajudicial procedure
Authors: Razim Jakub
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on the procedural manual Parvus ordinarius and its distinctive approach to conflict management. The work first appeared in Paris in two editions in the 1220s and 1230s. One of its copies, drawn up and glossed in the first half of the 14th century, was then brought to Bohemia. The main source for the study is this manuscript of the Parvus ordinarius, preserved until today in the National Library in Prague and bearing the reference VIII. G. 5. It has the advantage of being linked to a specific historical person who was demonstrably active in the legal profession and came to prominence during the Hussite Revolution (after 1419). According to the owner's note, the Parvus ordinarius from the Czech National Library at the Clementinum once belonged to Pavel of Slavíkovice. As shown in the first part of this paper, by 1436 Pavel had become a priest at the Church of St. Giles in Prague and a corrector, in other words, an ecclesiastical criminal judge who could benefit from the court manual in his daily routine. The second part of the text outlines the court procedure as reflected in the Parvus ordinarius. Here, the starting point of investigation is the basic triangle of persons involved in the proceedings before the court. In addition, principles and dynamics of the medieval Roman-canonical procedure are discussed, together with three fundamental procedural steps, i. e. a citation, a joinder of issue, and a final sentence. In the third part, a more detailed analysis of the doctrine of extrajudicial proceedings is conducted, drawing mainly on the rubrics de compromissione and de transactionibus and contextualizing the Parvus ordinarius with the teachings of medieval proceduralists.
K čemu je literární historie
Authors: Pospíšil Ivo
Published: January 2025

Autor přítomného článku se zabývá smyslem literární historie v současném přelomovém bodě dějin. Jeho pojednání pokrývá problémy periodizace literárního procesu, stejně jako potenciálních zákonitostí střídajících se kulturních a uměleckých epoch, koncepcí literárních směrů, teorie literárních dějin, vztahu literární historie a obecných dějin, mizení literární teorie a axiologického aspektu v literární historii. Na základě tvorby Dmytra Čyževského, Reného Wellka, Igora Smirnova, Istvána Sötéra, Františka Kautmana a dalších autor, který se v minulosti tímto tématem zabýval v mnoha článcích a studiích, nejnověji ve třech pojednáních, jež se týkaly vztahu literární vědy a obecné historie, uvádí, že důležitost literární historie spočívá v její funkci reflexe historické paměti. Literární historie je nejen reflexí historie obecné, ale také záznamníkem paměti, a tedy obranou nejen před zapomínáním, ale také retušováním dějin, jak se dosud vždy dělo a děje: vše, co se kdy událo, zanechalo v evoluci své nezahladitelné stopy; byť se zdálo, že tyto stopy jsou již zcela zahlazeny a z paměti vymazány, vždy se někdy nyní nebo v budoucnu mohou znovu objevit, vynořit, jak se nejednou stávalo a my jsme toho byli a jsme permanentně živými svědky.
Hranice epoch a meze interpretace : Franz Kafka, některé aspekty liblické konference a ruská literatura: (na pozadí tří jubileí roku 2024)
Authors: Pospíšil Ivo
Published: January 2025

Autor přítomného článku se zabývá hranicemi historických epoch a limity interpretace na materiálu letošních jubileí tří spisovatelů reflektujících české prostředí – Jiřího Wolkra, Franze Kafky a Karla Kryla – a hlavně se soustřeďuje na téma liblické konference o Kafkovi (1963), především však na referát Františka Kautmana koncentrovaný víceméně na spojení mezi kafkovskou poetikou a tradicí groteskní a absurdní trajektorie ve vývoji ruské literatury 19. století a obecně na jeho dílo zabývající se Kafkou. Převažující výzkumný trend je spojován s Kafkovým působením na jiné národní literatury, včetně slovanských, ale mohlo by být docela plodné manifestovat také obrácenou stranu celé záležitosti, a to, jak byl Kafka inspirován jinými literárními jevy spjatými s průlomovou, průkopnickou rolí originálně utvářeného zralého ruského realismu zlatého věku, zvláště ruských hoffmannistů (Gogol, Dostojevskij).
Wolkerova Balada z nemocnice
Authors: Všetička František
Published: January 2025

Balada z nemocnice má tvar architektonické dyády, rozložené na 10 + 9 strof. Báseň Jiří Wolker založil na triadickém principu (tři postavy atd.). Balada má celkem 19 strof, tak tomu bylo už v prvním časopiseckém otisku; v zachovaném deníku zahrnuje však 20 strof. Vypuštěná strofa je závažná natolik, že by měla být vrácena na své původní místo (jako 12. strofa, což mimo jiné souvisí s triadičností básně).
The Effectiveness of Empathy and Communication Group Counseling of Wee School in K Region: Its Impact on Emotional Regulation and Communication Skills
Authors:   Korean Association of Professional Counseling, Park Tae-Jin , Choi Yoon-Jung
Published: January 2025

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of empathy and communication group counseling at a Wee-School. Using a quasi-experimental pre-post design, the study involved 7 middle school and 8 high school male students from a Wee-School in C City, K Region. The group counseling was conducted as part of their curriculum. After the intervention, the effects of the program on the emotional regulation and communication skills of the middle and high school students were examined. The results showed that the empathy and communication group counseling had a positive impact on both emotional regulation and communication skills among the high school students. For the middle school students, however, the program resulted in positive changes only in communication skills. Additionally, the program demonstrated significant effects in reducing negative emotions rather than enhancing positive emotions for both groups. These findings provide empirical evidence on the effectiveness of group counseling in a Wee-School setting, offering practical insights for the implementation of school counseling programs.
Optimización de procesos: Mitigación de la responsabilidad fiscal desde la prevención con el control social
Authors:   Contraloría General de Antioquia, Hidalgo Vidales Oldalibis , Martínez Cortez Norela de Carmen ,   Contraloría General de Antioquia
Published: January 2025

Colombia, como Estado social de derecho, tiene la responsabilidad de establecer normas que garanticen la participación de los ciudadanos en las diferentes etapas de la gestión pública, tanto en entidades territoriales como en aquellas de carácter nacional. Asimismo, debe asegurar el acceso a la información pública, respetando los reglamentos y directrices institucionales, y ofrecer a la ciudadanía múltiples canales y medios para obtener información directa sobre los procesos relacionados con la gestión y la administración pública. Estas acciones permiten una supervisión y control efectivos de los planes y proyectos, al tiempo que promueven la participación mediante mecanismos y espacios adecuados, fortaleciendo el liderazgo de las comunidades y grupos de interés en los territorios. Además, es esencial fomentar una cultura de transparencia y rendición de cuentas que permita construir confianza entre el Estado y la sociedad, incentivando a las instituciones a actuar con responsabilidad y ética. De esta manera, se garantiza que la ciudadanía no solo sea informada, sino que también tenga las herramientas necesarias para influir de manera significativa en la toma de decisiones públicas, logrando un gobierno más inclusivo y eficaz.
IDEA-6G: Revolutionizing 6G Networks with Integrated Digital Twin and Self-Healing Mechanisms
Authors:   Cumulus Solutions, South Africa, Pise Anil Audumbar , Khandokar Yogesh ,   Beamline Scientist MX Research Translation and Synchrotron, Australia
Published: January 2025

6G network is an innovative concept of connectivity, which offers unparalleled speeds, ultralow latency, and extensive device connectivity that surpass the capabilities of the current 5G networks. However, challenges such as network congestion and security threats pose significant hurdles to ensuring reliable and stable network performance. A novel Integrated Digital twin and self-healing mechanisms for 6G networks (IDEA-6G) approach has been proposed for addressing these challenges and for the security and performance of the 6G network. The proposed method leverages the Digital Twin (DT) sub-layer to bridge the physical and digital worlds, enabling real-time synchronization and monitoring of network assets. Meticulous feature extraction using Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) techniques and the innovative Generative Adversarial Networks and Long Short-Term Memory (GAN-LSTM) model have helped the approach in the enhancement of security monitoring capabilities and efficient detection of cyber-attacks within virtual models. Additionally, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) facilitate informed decision-making for effective self-healing actions in response to identified threats. The effectiveness of the proposed IDEA-6G is compared with the existing B5GEMINI, DTFV, and DITEN techniques. Results of the proposed IDEA-6G technique indicate
superior performance prediction accuracy, detection rates, load balancing, and service delay reduction. The detection of the proposed IDEA-6G technique is 17.55%, 27.54%, and 7.38% higher than the existing B5GEMINI, DTFV, and DITEN techniques respectively.
Foundations and Possibilities of Byung-Chul Han’s Critique of Dataism
Authors: Roa Alberto Morán ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2025

This paper will study the Hanian critique of technology and dataism, as well as its implications. For this purpose, we will investigate the Heideggerian bases on which his thought is based, which show the modern essence of technology as a current stage of the metaphysics of presence. It will then be shown how the Hanian thesis accepts these premises in order to present dataism as an intervening agent in our horizons of understanding, as well as an element of contemporary systems of control. Despite the value of this contribution, which challenges the alleged neutrality of technology, its adherence to the Heideggerian thesis prevents us from conceiving of other modes of uncovering and unfolding the poietic facet of technique.
Progressive Islamic Education at Muhammadiyah At-Tajdid Islamic Boarding School in Blora
Authors: Wahab Ahmad Ishom Pratama , Haris Abdul , Yazid Syamsurizal
Published: January 2025

Since its establishment, Muhammadiyah has always focused on advancing education, resulting in numerous educational institutions across various levels as evidence of its dedication to enlightening the nation. However, despite its significant quantity, Muhammadiyah's quality is still considered mediocre, necessitating innovative ideas to achieve its goals. Progressive Islamic Education emerges as a solution to address the stagnation in Muhammadiyah's educational progress. This concept is Muhammadiyah's interpretation of K.H. Ahmad Dahlan's practical teachings. Progressive Islamic Education aims to shape students' personalities by integrating religious and general sciences to address real-life societal issues. This study aims to describe the concept and implementation of Progressive Islamic Education at Pondok Pesantren Muhammadiyah At-Tajdid Blora. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, the researcher directly observed and interviewed individuals involved with the concept and implementation of Progressive Islamic Education at the pesantren, while also gathering data through documentation. The study's findings reveal that Pondok Pesantren Muhammadiyah At-Tajdid Blora formulates Progressive Islamic Education into several key points: aligning objectives with Muhammadiyah's goals, integrating religious and general educational content, emphasizing positive aspects in its methods, and conducting thorough evaluations. Its implementation occurs in three phases. The first phase instills Islamic values and knowledge to shape students' character. The second phase involves experiential learning through holiday activities, such as teaching at Al-Quran learning centers. The third phase places students in the community to solve problems using their acquired knowledge and experience.
Customer Preferences and Advertising Trends: A Symbiotic Connection
Authors: Macru Kadho
Published: January 2025

In today's highly competitive business environment, advertising and continuous promotion strategies are extensively used to attract customers and influence their purchasing decisions. The primary goal of this research was to investigate the relationship between different types of advertisements and consumer purchase decisions in retail outlets across Almaty. The study aimed to understand how various advertising channels impact consumer behavior, helping retailers refine their marketing strategies. To gather data, the researchers employed a quantitative approach, collecting responses from randomly selected customers through questionnaires. A total of 268 participants contributed to the study. The data analysis revealed interesting insights into the effectiveness of different advertising methods. Notably, internet advertising showed the strongest correlation with consumer purchasing decisions in Almaty's retail stores. This suggests that online advertisements, which are often more targeted and interactive, have a significant influence on how consumers make their buying choices. In conclusion, the research highlights the growing significance of internet advertising in shaping consumer purchasing behavior. Retailers in Almaty and beyond should focus on enhancing their online presence and leveraging digital tools to engage customers effectively. By doing so, they can adapt to the changing market dynamics and ensure sustained success in an increasingly digital marketplace.
Analisis Jinas Tam dalam Surah Al Furqan
Authors: Isnaini Anggina Lubis  , Kiki Haura Sandi  , Sari Annisa Siregar  , Harun Alrasyid
Published: January 2025

Jinas is an element of muhassinaat al-lafdziyah, which studies the beauty of language in texts. By definition, jinas consists of two sentences that share similarities in every aspect of their writing, including pronunciation, number of letters, structure (tarkib), and diacritics (harakat). Jinas is divided into two main categories: jinas lafdzi  and jinas ma’nawi. The category of jinas lafdzi is further subdivided into jinas tam  and  jinas ghairu tam. This research aims to analyze jinas tam in Surah Al-Furqan. The method employed is qualitative research with a descriptive approach, utilizing content analysis. Data collection was conducted through library research, which involved searching for and reviewing relevant literature. The analysis results indicate that there are seven examples of jinas tam of the type jinas mumatsal found in Surah Al-Furqan, specifically in the following verses: 3, 11, 14, 47, 61, 62, and 72.
From Bullying to Cyberbullying: Educational Impacts and Prevention Strategies in Indonesia
Authors: Arshy Prodyanatasari  , Lauretha Devi Fajar Vantie
Published: January 2025

Cyberbullying has become a critical issue in the digital era, significantly impacting the mental health and social well-being of adolescents. This study aims to analyze the transformation of bullying from traditional school environments to cyberspace, with a focus on its psychological, academic, and social impacts, as well as prevention strategies. Using a comprehensive literature review, the study synthesizes findings from various sources, particularly those relevant to the Indonesian context. The results reveal that cyberbullying contributes to severe mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and social isolation, alongside reduced academic performance. Key contributing factors include anonymity in digital interactions, lack of digital etiquette education, and cultural acceptance of violence. The study emphasizes the need for holistic prevention strategies involving schools, parents, and communities, including education on digital citizenship, strict anti-bullying policies, and psychological support for victims. This research provides valuable insights for developing effective interventions and fostering a safer digital environment for adolescents.
Analysis of Domestic Content Standards for 5G BTS Infrastructure in Indonesia Using RIA Method
Authors: Sekar Wangi Insani , Setyo Arifin Ajib
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze and develop the standards for the Domestic Content Level (DCL) specifically for 5G Base Transceiver Station (BTS) infrastructure in Indonesia using the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) method. The Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) method is employed as the primary approach in this research to evaluate various policy options and potential DCL standards for implementation. This approach allows for understanding the policy implications on various stakeholders, including regulators, vendors, and operators. A cost-benefit analysis assessment was conducted using in-depth interview methods, and the results indicate that the status quo alternative, which is 40% DCL standards for goods and services components, remains relevant for implementation in Indonesia. On the other hand, regulators are evaluating and reviewing this regulation with the aim of increasing the DCL value and fostering BTS industry in Indonesia. The challenges currently faced by local producers also require stronger government supervision and support for future technological self-sufficiency in Indonesia.
Desain Unit Usaha Pengadaan Barang Dalam Upaya Pengembangan Usaha
Authors: Nurpadi Dady , Firdaus Evan , Syehabudin Syehabudin
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan model bisnis yang cocok untuk digunakan dalam unit usaha pengadaan barang KPRI Banjar Patroman sebagai langkah pengambilan keputusan bisnis. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh identifikasi dari masing-masing 9 elemen Business Model Canvas. Customer Segments adalah anggota KPRI Banjar Patroman. Value Propositions adalah kemasan yang menarik dan harga lebih terjangkau. Channels adalah berkomunikasi dengan anggota secara langsung. Customer Relationships adalah jalinan komunikasi dengan pelanggan. Revenue Streams dari penjualan produk kepada anggota dan unit usaha pelayanan simpanan. Key Resources terdiri dari kendaraan dan sumber daya manusia. Key Activities terdiri dari pengadaan barang, kegiatan produksi dan pemasaran. Key Partnerships adalah Toko Pantes. Cost Structure terdiri dari biaya tetap dan biaya variabel. Berdasarkan analisis dari Matrix SWOT, dijelaskan strategi-strategi yang dapat digunakan oleh koperasi yaitu seperti strategi SO, strategi WO, strategi ST, dan strategi WT