bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Oxidation of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Myracrodruon urundeuva All. (Anarcadiaceae) on its Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: França Douglas Arenhart , Marques Regina Célia Pereira
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the relaction between oxidation and antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Myracrodruon urundeuva, a plant known for its traditional medicinal uses. The primary objective was to evaluate how the oxidation of bioactive compounds within the extract affects its antimicrobial efficacy against common pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. The extract was prepared following a standardized methodology, and its antimicrobial properties were assessed using disk diffusion assays over a 60-day period, with samples tested every 15 days to monitor changes in activity. The results revealed that the extract exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, particularly at higher concentrations (100%~50%), with inhibition zones reaching up to 16.7 mm against Staphylococcus aureus by day 30. However, a notable decline in activity was observed between days 30 and 45, indicating a potential degradation of the extract's efficacy over time. Interestingly, lower concentrations (12.5% and 0.4%) showed a resurgence in inhibitory activity towards the end of the study, suggesting that certain oxidative processes may enhance the antimicrobial properties of specific compounds. The study highlights the complex relationship between oxidation and antimicrobial activity demonstrating that certain compounds lose effectiveness, while others become more potent after oxidative modification. This finding is particularly relevant in the context of increasing bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics, as it suggests that the oxidation of plant-derived compounds could be a viable strategy to enhance their antimicrobial properties. Overall, this research underscores the potential of Myracrodruon urundeuva as a natural alternative in combating resistant pathogens and emphasizes the need for further investigation into the mechanisms by which oxidation influences the activity of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants.
Evaluation of Red Skinned Advance Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Clones for Tuber Yield and Yield Parameters in Eastern Indo-gangetic Plains of India
Authors: Yadav Sarala , Luthra S.K. , Kapoor Vinod , Gupta V.K. , Singh Brajesh
Published: October 2024

Potato is a very important tuber crop used as staple vegetable in almost every household. India ranks second in potato production after China. The production of potato increased significantly during last six decades. There is remarkable increase in potato yield and production during last decade 1.10 and 5.98% per annum respectively at national level (Rani & Prasoon, 2013). The important yield and yield attributing traits are plant emergence (%), number of tubers/plots, tuber yield/plot and tuber dry matter (%). The present experiment was conducted at experimental field of ICAR- Central Potato Research Institute Regional Station Patna, Bihar. In this experiment data were recorded for plant emergence (%), seed wt (t/ha), foliage senescence (%), total and marketable tuber yield (t/ha), dry matter content in percentage (tuber), late blight (%), leaf spot disease (%) during 75- and 90-days crop. The trial was conducted in randomized block design with three replications to evaluate nine advance clones namely MS/11-664, MS/13-527, MS/14-1381, MSP/16-307, MSP/16-375, PS/11-47, PS/13-45, CP-4409 and Memphis along with seven potato varieties Kufri Khyati, Kufri Lalima, Kufri Lalit, Kufri Manik, Kufri Mohan, Kufri Pukhraj and K Neelkanth as controls during 2020-21 & 2021-22. The advance clones PS/13-45 (36.97t/ha), PS/11-47 (35.87t/ha), MS/11-664 (35.39t/ha) were good candidates for future new potato varieties in Eastern Indo Gangetic plains of India.
Efficacy of the fractions of Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn (Chenopodiaceae) against Anopheles gambiae Giles and Culex quinquefasciatus Say larvae (Diptera: culicidae)
Authors: Younoussa Lame , Kayanbe Alain Bruno , Oumarou Kary Mallam , Doumia Ezechiel , Moutsina Kalayam Kalayam , Amina Mamat , Kowa Theodora Kopa , Foko Aurelie Dadji , Nukenine Elias Nchiwan
Published: October 2024

Botanical insecticides are nowadays highly encouraged in mosquito control programs because of their efficacy, specific target, biodegradability, less toxic for non-target species, and safe for the human users. In this context, five fractions of the leaf methanolic extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides were evaluated for their toxic effect against Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae in the laboratory. The plant crude extract and its fractions were diluted in 1 mL of methanol and concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm were prepared in 100 mL solution with distilled water in the plastic cups. Bi-one was used at a unique concentration of 1000 ppm as positive control and 1 mL of methanol added to 99 mL of tap water was used as negative control. In each preparation test and control, 25 early fourth instar larvae of each mosquito species were transferred and larval mortality was recorded after 24 hours. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and tannins in C. ambrosioides methanol extract and its 5 fractions. The plant methanol extract and its fractions caused a significant toxic effect against the 2 mosquito species larvae and fraction 1 was revealed as the most potent against both An. gambiae (CL50 = 66.39 ppm) and Cx. quinquefasciatus (CL50 = 251.41 ppm) larvae. Thus, fraction 1 of C. ambrosioides might be used in small-scale potential mosquito breeding sites to reduce the density of the 2 mosquito species assessed around the buildings. This fraction 1 might be furthermore submitted to chromatography for the isolation of the compounds responsible for the larvicidal efficacy.
A Descriptive Study on the Phenotypic Variability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Identified by MALDI-TOF
Authors: Pascale Tetty Aya Marie , Fernique Konan , Ouattara Kady , Eric Yao Kouamé , Sabine Vakou N’dri , Julien Coulibaly Kalpy
Published: October 2024

This descriptive study investigates the phenotypic variability of 50 Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies isolated from wastewater, identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The contamination of wastewater by opportunistic pathogens like P. aeruginosa poses significant public health risks due to their potential to cause severe infections and contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is particularly concerning because of its remarkable adaptability, resilience, and intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance mechanisms, including the production of beta-lactamases, efflux pumps, and target site mutations. Our study highlights the phenotypic diversity and antibiotic resistance profiles of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from urban and hospital environments. Using MALDI-TOF MS, we rapidly and accurately characterized these strains, providing species-level identification within minutes. This technology surpasses traditional biochemical methods in speed and accuracy, revolutionizing microbial diagnostics by offering a high-throughput, cost-effective, and reliable tool. By analyzing the phenotypic traits and resistance mechanisms of these strains, we aim to provide critical insights into their ecology and inform strategies to mitigate the risks associated with their presence in the environment. The antibiotic resistance profiles revealed varied susceptibility among the strains, with notable resistance to drugs such as erythromycin, cefoxitin, and tetracycline. The study's findings underscore the importance of integrating advanced diagnostic technologies like MALDI-TOF MS into routine environmental monitoring and public health strategies to address the challenges posed by P. aeruginosa in wastewater. Ultimately, this research contributes to understanding the dynamics of contamination and resistance in urban environments. By detailing the methodology used for the identification and characterization of the strains, as well as the results obtained, this publication aims to provide a valuable database for researchers and practitioners engaged in combating nosocomial infections and environmental pollution by P. aeruginosa. This study highlights the need for effective management measures to control the dissemination of this pathogen in aquatic systems, promoting public health and environmental safety.
Susceptibility of Aromatic and Non- aromatic Rice to Sitophilus oryzae L. and their Influence on the Insect and Infestation Rate under Sub-Himalayan Plains of West Bengal
Authors: Bhowmik Swagata , Hath Tapan Kumar , Maji Atanu , Debnath Manoj Kanti
Published: October 2024

Relative susceptibility of local aromatic and non-aromatic rice grains to rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. (Curculionidae, Coleoptera) was studied under laboratory conditions in the sub-Himalayan plains of West Bengal in two seasons (viz. winter and spring-summer) during 2020-2021. Results revealed that after 9 weeks of storage, the highest mean grain weight loss due to S. oryzae varied from 14.30% to 20.89% in the two types of rice grains in two seasons.  The corresponding highest mean grain damage % ranged from 36.89 % to 41.56%. The grain weight loss and grain infestation % were always higher in the aromatic rice (Uttar Sugandhi) compared to non-aromatic rice (Jaldhepa) and also in the spring-summer season than the winter months. Carbohydrate and protein content of grains were reduced to the extent of 9.08% to 15.28% and 18.62% to 32.58% in aromatic and non-aromatic rice during winter and spring-summer seasons respectively as a result of infestation of S. oryzae. During winter and spring-summer seasons, from 5 pairs of adult weevils, a total of 188.60 and 142.20 and 264 and 237 number of adults were produced in aromatic and non-aromatic rice cultivars respectively at 9 weeks after their release. The adult population was always female biased.
Sécurité Transfusionnelle En Milieu Rural En République Démocratique Du Congo: Plaidoyer pour un dépistagesystématique des hépatites virales B, C et pour la fidélisation des donneurs de sang
Authors: Imani WharyLuhande , Ndugu Gislain Akongwa , Longongo Martin Kiza
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Transfusional safety remains a major concern in our environment where the permanent availability of the screening tests is not always guaranteed. The first aim of this work is to highlight the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV infections and to encourage systematic screening for these viruses. The second aim is to identify the risk incurred by the transfused person depending on whether the blood donor is a loyal blood donor or an improvised familialblood donor. Methods:We conducted a multicentric cross-sectional study at health centers and hospitals performing blood transfusion in Uvira, Kiliba and Lemera (Eastern D.R. Congo) between January 2018 and December 2022. Thirteen thousand and sixty-two blood donors were recruited. Statistical analyzes were done using the Epi Info 7.2 software and the corrected Chi-square or exact Fischer test (when recommended) was used to search for an association between the epidemiological variables. Measurement of association strength by Odds Ratios (95% confidence intervals) was used to compare frequencies observed across donor categories based on the presence of infectious markers. The threshold of significance was set at p <0.05. Results:On a total of 13062 donors, 483 (3.7%) were HIV-positive, 837 (6.4%) seropositive to HBV, and 208 (1.6%) HCV-positive. Among these infected donors (n=1528), 68.39 % N=1045) was infected by the viruses of the hepatitis. Compared to loyal donors, paid donors had 14.38 times the risk of having positive HIV serology (OR = 14.38 [5.16-40.06]), 6.53 and 30.89 times the risk for HBV (OR = 6.53 [3.20-13.34]) and HCV (OR = 30.89 [6.95-283.72]). Conclusion:In rural health zones we studied, blood receivers are at high risk of contamination with HIV, hepatitis by blood given by an unreliable blood donor. Transfusion safety measures should be strengthened by obligatory and systematic HBV and HCV research as well as HIV
Clinical, Demographic, And Haematological Profile of Haemophilia Patients at Sir Sunder Lal Hospital Varanasi With CoE Haemoglobinopathies And Day Care Centre
Authors: Hemaliya Chanda , Meena Lalit Prashant , Singh Arun Kumar , Kumar Ajeet , Ali Akhtar , Kumar Sandip , Howlader Avijit , Senapati Sovan Kumar , Aich Anupam , Gupta Vineeta , Kumar Ishan
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Hemophilia is a recessive coagulation and bleeding disorder that is X-linked and inheritable. The Factor VIII (F8) and Factor IX (F9) genes are involved in hemophilia A and B, two hereditary diseases. The process of hemostasis is hampered by spontaneous or post-traumatic bleeding, which also increases the risk of hemophilia. Aim: The purpose of our study is to evaluate the hematological, clinical, and demographic traits of individuals with hemophilia A and B. Results: A total of 646 hemophilia patients were examined during the study period. the majority of hemophilia A patient 544 (84.21%) and hemophilia B102 (16.01%). Based on severity, severe 342 (52.94%), Moderate 247 (38.24%), and Mild (8.82%) had been diagnosed Most common age group was <1 -58 years. The bulk of the study population had a mean age of (Mean ±SD=18.45±13.00) and a median of 17. Maximum number of patients at the ages of 21 and 30 years (21.05%) and a median of 25. The most common age of spontaneous bleeding across all patients was 17 and there was no discernible difference between those with moderate and severe symptoms of bleeding. Hemarthrosis infection (target joint) was most prevalent (79.10%), then prolonged bleeding after cut/ trauma (62.38%). Hemarthrosis knee joint was the joint that was infected (target joint) the most common (79.10%), followed by joint bleeding (46.75%) Severe disease affected the knee joint more frequently than moderate disease. Conclusion: The present research revealed differences in the incidence and nature of bleeding on its own in hemophilia patients. Gum bleeding and posttraumatic bleeding in a child who is otherwise healthy should alert the doctor to consider hemophilia onset is <1 year. On the other hand, 61.3% of patients had hemophilia when they received their initial diagnosis. The median number of bouts of
Management Of Large Periapical Lesion With A Noninvasive Approach: A Case Report
Authors: Jain Riya , Nair Rashmi
Published: October 2024

Periapical lesions develop as a sequela to pulpal diseases. The majority of inflammatory periapical lesions are initially treated with conservative non-surgical procedures. The success of root canal treatment is based on thorough cleaning, shaping and obturation of the root canal system. Calcium hydroxide and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) are recommended as intracanal medicaments due to its antibacterial properties. This case report describes the non-surgical management of a large cyst-like periapical lesion in relation to the maxillary lateral incisor of a 19-year-old male with the chief complaint of periodic swelling and pus drainage from the palatine region with a history of a traumatic accident in the same area. The present case highlights the use of calcium hydroxide and TAP as an interappointment endodontic dressing for non-surgical management of large periapical radiolucency, which resulted in favourable clinical and radiographic outcomes
An Implant And Tooth-Supported Fixed Dental Prosthesis For Esthetic And Functional Rehabilitation: A Case Study
Authors: Tiwari Dr. Ankita , Pandey Dr. Kaushik Kumar , Ali Dr. Mariyam , Baig Dr. Mirza Hamza , Tiwari Dr. Sumit , Tiwari Dr. Shubham
Published: October 2024

Implant-supported prosthesis has emerged as preferred treatment of choice due to their reliable functional and aesthetic outcomes. However, the clinician can encounter several challenges in accomplishing the task. Failure to understand stress factors and stress distribution often lead to bone loss and restoration failure. This case study aims to provide a comprehensive explanation of the entire prosthetic rehabilitation process using a fixed dental prosthesis supported by a tooth and an implant, all in accordance with standard guidelines
The Use Of Computer Assisted Planning To Increase The Predictability Of Intra Oral Welding Technique Of Dental Implants - A Clinical Study
Authors: Mohamed Hossam Abdelhamid , Elfadly Dr. Mahmoud Abdelaziz , Metwally Prof. Dr. Salah Abdelfattah Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Background: substantial progress has been made in terms of the immediate placement of dental implants after tooth extraction. In cases were the bone is healthy with no atrophy, Periapical lesions, infection and enough bone component is available immediate implant is considered. Recently implant abutment welding was introduced specially for those edentulous patients who need immediate loading and who wanted to go out of the surgery with full load of teeth and a perfect esthetics and function. Materials and Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled study, 8 patients of ASA physical status I and II belonging to age group of 50-60years undergoing dental implants, welding and immediate restorations were randomly allocated into 2 groups of 4 patients each, Group A with intraoral bending of wire and Group B in which wire was pre bent on a STL model before surgery (computer aided) Results: There was no significant difference between stability values measured at different intervals Intra-operative time and bone loss measured in group (B) was significantly higher than that measured in group (A) Conclusion: The use of computer assisted planning to increase the predictability of intra oral welding technique of dental implants saves much time intra operatively and preserves bone from being lost
Acute Kidney Injury Among Asphyxiated Neonates In Sokoto, North West Nigeria
Authors: Omar Memunat , Onankpa Ben , Ibitoye Paul Kehinde , Jiya Nma Muhammed , Adamu Asma’u
Published: October 2024

Background: Birth asphyxia and its attendant complications remain a common problem in our neonatal intensive care units. Compelling evidence from various epidemiologic studies shows that Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is indeed one of the commonest complications of birth asphyxia. The kidneys are sensitive to oxygen deprivation, renal insult may occur within few hours of hypoxic-ischemic episode, which if prolonged could lead to irreversible cortical and or tubular necrosis. Aim: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with AKI among asphyxiated term neonates in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) Sokoto, Nigeria Materials and methods: One hundred and nineteen asphyxiated term neonates admitted into the special care baby unit of UDUTH Sokoto participated in the study. Birth asphyxia was defined as failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth with Apgar scores ≤ 5 at 5 minutes in the presence of arterial cord blood pH < 7 and base deficit >12mmol. Blood samples were taken for arterial blood gas analysis within one hour of life. Moderately and severely asphyxiated neonates who satisfied the inclusion criteria were consecutively recruited into the study and serum creatinine assay was done on day 3 and day 5 of life. AKI was defined as a rise in serum creatinine ≥ 0.3mg/dl over 48 hours. Quantitative variables such as birth weight, length, occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) were expressed using mean, standard deviation and range, while qualitative variables like gender, mode of delivery and grade of asphyxia were summarised using frequency and percentages. Chisquare and fisher’s exact tests were applied to determine if any relationship exists between sociodemographic/clinical factors and AKI. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 119 asphyxiated term neonates 74 (62.2%) were males while 45 (37.8%) were females giving a M:F ratio of 1.6:1. Majority 96 (80.7%) of the subjects had normal birth weight with a mean birth weight of 3.1 ± 0.6kg. The mean gestational age recorded was 38.2 ± 1.1 months The prevalence of AKI in the study subjects was 42.9%. The grade of birth asphyxia was significantly associated with AKI with a prevalence odds ratio of 7.2 (95CI 2.8-18). Conclusion: The prevalence of AKI in asphyxiated term neonates in UDUTH Sokoto was high and the grade of birth asphyxia was found to be significantly associated with AKI
A Comparative Study Of Caudal Epidural Bupivacaine And Midazolam-Bupivacaine Mixture For Post-Operative Analgesia In Children Repairing Congenital Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Rahman Md. Ataur , Azad Md. Abul Kalam
Published: October 2024

Background: Managing postoperative pain in pediatric anesthesia is challenging, with caudal epidural anesthesia being a preferred technique for its safety and efficacy. Enhancing analgesia duration through adjuvants like midazolam may improve outcomes. Objective: This study compares the effectiveness of caudal epidural bupivacaine alone versus a bupivacainemidazolam mixture in children undergoing repair of congenital inguinal hernia, circumcision, and hypospadias repair, focusing on postoperative analgesia duration and side effects. Materials and Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at Islami Bank Medical College Hospital from October 2023 to March 2024, involving 50 children aged 2-8 years, divided into two groups: Group A (bupivacaine-midazolam) and Group B (bupivacaine alone). Pain was assessed using the FLACC scale at specified intervals up to 24 hours post-surgery. Results: Group A experienced significantly longer postoperative analgesia (10.72 ± 4.07 hours) compared to Group B (6.13 ± 1.98 hours). Mild pain was more common in Group A (72.7%) than Group B (87.5%), while moderate pain was higher in Group A (27.3%) than Group B (12.5%). Side effects were minimal, with Group A having no side effects and Group B experiencing 8% nausea and vomiting and 4% other side effects. Conclusion: The addition of midazolam to caudal bupivacaine significantly prolongs postoperative analgesia and reduces the need for rescue analgesia in children, with minimal side effects
From Abdominal Groans To Psychic Moans: A Curious Case Of Hypercalcemia
Authors: Patowary Dr Abhilash , Rv Dr Raghu , Anand Dr Nidhi , Singh Dr Harpreet , Kumar Dr Suresh
Published: October 2024

Characterised by a myriad of etiologies, acute pancreatitis occurring in the setting of hypercalcemia is rare. It is crucial to recognise the wide range of symptoms and signs of hypercalcemia in this regard. After having managed the patient according to standard protocols for pancreatitis and specific measures directed at reducing serum calcium levels, it is imperative to warrant an aggressive search for the etiology of hypercalcemia. This is pivotal in ultimately deciding management strategies and guiding further definite treatment plans. Here, we present a unique case of hypercalcemia, which on amalgamating clinical, biochemical, radiological and pathological clues, ultimately unraveled a rather enigmatic presentation of a common disease entity
Prévalence Des Anticorps Anti-Peptides Cycliques Citrullinés Chez Les Patients Avec Suspicion De Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde (A Propos De 435 Cas)
Authors: Mohammed Ouboks , Imane Afif , Ouahiba Bhallil
Published: October 2024

Résumé Introduction : La Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde (PR) est une maladie inflammatoire auto-immune chronique. Son diagnostic repose sur un ensemble de critères cliniques, radiologiques et biologiques. En effet les anti-peptides cycliques citrullinés (anti-CCP) constituent des marqueurs spécifiques de la PR. L’objectif de notre étude est de déterminer la prévalence des anti-CCP chez les patients présentant une suspicion de PR. Matériels et méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective à visée descriptive étalée sur une durée d’un an et 6 mois, allant du janvier 2020 au juin 2021. Elle a été réalisée sur l’ensemble des demandes de recherche des antiCCP provenant de différents services hospitaliers du CHU HASSAN II de Fès et de différentes structures sanitaires régionales périphériques. L’analyse statistique des données a été effectuée à l'aide du logiciel Excel. Résultats : Quatre-cents trente-cinq demandes ont été étudiées. L’âge des patients variait de 4 à 79 ans avec une moyenne de 48±16 ans. Le sexe ratio H/F était de 0,18. Vingt-deux pourcent des demandes provenaient du service de rhumatologie. Les polyarthralgies chroniques représentent 30,11% de la symptomatologie clinique. Les antiCCP étaient positifs chez vingt-et-un pourcent des patients. Conclusion : L'anti-CCP permet d’établir un diagnostic précoce de la PR, ainsi une meilleure prise en charge de cette pathologie. Mots Clés : polyarthrite rhumatoïde, anticorps anti-CCP, polyarthralgies
"Voriconazole-Associated Motor Neuropathy In Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report And Literature Review"
Authors: Rajavasireddy Neha Sivani , Rajavasireddy Sai Nitish , Aribandi Anil , CS Ranjith Kumar
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Voriconazole, a commonly used antifungal in immunocompromised patients is effective against various fungal pathogens. Despite its efficacy, it is associated with numerous adverse effects, including the less frequently documented motor neuropathy. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 60-year-old male with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who developed motor neuropathy following voriconazole administration. Initially treated with standard chemotherapy and prophylactic antifungals, he developed febrile neutropenia and was subsequently administered voriconazole. Within a week, he presented with bilateral foot drop. The neurological assessment revealed severe motor weakness without sensory loss. MRI indicated lumbar disc protrusion and nerve conduction studies confirmed severe demyelinating polyneuropathy. Upon cessation of voriconazole, the patient's symptoms completely resolved, as confirmed by follow-up electromyography. Discussion: Voriconazole-associated neuropathy, though rare, can present as motor neuropathy, contrary to the more commonly reported sensory neuropathy. The exact mechanism remains unclear, and while symptoms often resolve after discontinuation, some cases may result in permanent damage. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of recognizing voriconazole-induced motor neuropathy in AML patients. Early identification and discontinuation of the drug are crucial for symptom resolution. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and to develop preventive and management strategies.
Medical Emergency In Dentistry By Local Anaesthetics
Authors: Phd Aureliano Da Silva Guedes, , II Aureliano Da Silva Guedes , Guedes Catarynna Maciel Quaresma Da Silva
Published: October 2024

Justification: Local anaesthesia is widely used in various procedures in dental specialties. However, even though it is rare, a medical emergency may occur. Objective: The article aims to show the necessary care in the administration of local anaesthetic in dentistry and the medical emergencies, signs and symptoms and first procedures. Show the importance of the dental surgeon be alert to any signs and symptoms during the application of anaesthetic, and able to intercede in any risk to health or the patient's death and knowing the formula and possible side effects of anaesthetic use and their medicine interactions with legal and/or illegal drug. Methodology: research on the main electronic health platforms, BIREME, LILACS and Medline, using as descriptors: LOCAL ANAESTHETIC /+/ ODONTOLOGY and MEDICAL EMERGENCIES/AND/ODONTOLOGY, in Portuguese, French, Spanish and English, and the professional experience of the authors in First Aid and Medical Emergency in Dental Offices. Conclusion: There are risks in the administration of local anaesthetics, however they are minimal and can be predicted when there is a correct anamnesis and treatment plan and/or surgical adequate for each identified situation. Knowledge of the anatomy of irrigation and drainage, foramen, among others, besides of the physiology and neuroanatomy of the region where the anaesthetic will be applied, is important to minimise the risks. The dental surgeon should be alert to any signs and symptoms during the application of anaesthetic, and able to intercede in any risk to health or of the patient's death and knowing the formula and possible side effects of anaesthetic use and their medicine interactions with legal and/or illegal drug. The most serious side effects of a local anaesthetic focus on the central and peripheral nervous system, the cardiovascular tract and renal tract. Hence, there need to know both the physiology of the systems and the interaction of the medications with the specific anaesthetics. However, the patient may not always be able to receive anaesthetics with vasoconstrictors, and surgery is not always elective to know such medicine interactions, and not always is possible to know if there is any allergy to any specific anaesthetic without prior testing before surgery. Hence, there is needed to know emergency medical procedures in dental offices and clinics
Systematic Review On The Effect Of Evaporation On The Evaluation Of Serum Electrolyte Levels
Authors: Rath Debapriya , jha Prachi
Published: October 2024

Evaporation is a critical factor that can influence the accuracy and reliability of serum electrolyte measurements. This systematic review aims to assess the impact of evaporation on serum electrolyte levels and its implications for clinical and laboratory practices. We analyzed studies that investigated the effects of evaporation on various electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate. The review highlights the mechanisms by which evaporation affects electrolyte concentrations, evaluates different strategies to mitigate these effects, and provides recommendations for best practices in serum electrolyte analysis
"Effect Of Electroacupuncture On Sensory Peripheral Nerve Function In Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol."
Authors: Kumar Syam , . Gokulakrishnan , Narasimman Prabu
Published: October 2024

Background: Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, affects millions globally, with Type 2 diabetes being the most prevalent. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication, characterized by symptoms such as pain, tingling, and numbness due to peripheral nerve damage. The global burden of diabetes has been rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In India, the number of diabetes cases is projected to reach over 134 million by 2045. Traditional treatments for DPN often have limited efficacy and adverse longterm effects, highlighting the need for alternative therapies. Objective: This study aims to investigate the efficacy of electroacupuncture in improving sensory nerve functions in patients with DPN. Specific acupuncture points will be targeted to assess their impact on vibration perception, hot and cold perception, touch sensitivity, and skin temperature. Methods: A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 80 participants divided equally into an interventional group and a control group. The interventional group will receive electroacupuncture at specific points (ST44, ST36, ST43, K2, K3, BL60, SP9, and GB41) three times a week for 8 weeks. The control group will continue their usual routine and receive the treatment post-study. Primary outcomes will be measured using the NEURO TOUCH instrument to assess sensory thresholds and skin temperature. Secondary outcomes will include pain assessment using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: The study will evaluate the degree of sensory improvement in peripheral nerves and the effectiveness of electroacupuncture in reducing neuropathic pain. This research seeks to bridge the gap in understanding the mechanisms and efficacy of electroacupuncture in DPN treatment. Conclusion: This study will provide significant insights into the potential benefits of electroacupuncture for DPN, offering an alternative approach to improve the management of this debilitating condition. The findings could inform future clinical practices and guidelines for DPN treatment.
"Effect Of Electroacupuncture On Sensory Peripheral Nerve Function In Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol."
Authors: Kumar Syam , . Gokulakrishnan , Narasimman Prabu
Published: October 2024

Background: Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, affects millions globally, with Type 2 diabetes being the most prevalent. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication, characterized by symptoms such as pain, tingling, and numbness due to peripheral nerve damage. The global burden of diabetes has been rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In India, the number of diabetes cases is projected to reach over 134 million by 2045. Traditional treatments for DPN often have limited efficacy and adverse longterm effects, highlighting the need for alternative therapies. Objective: This study aims to investigate the efficacy of electroacupuncture in improving sensory nerve functions in patients with DPN. Specific acupuncture points will be targeted to assess their impact on vibration perception, hot and cold perception, touch sensitivity, and skin temperature. Methods: A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 80 participants divided equally into an interventional group and a control group. The interventional group will receive electroacupuncture at specific points (ST44, ST36, ST43, K2, K3, BL60, SP9, and GB41) three times a week for 8 weeks. The control group will continue their usual routine and receive the treatment post-study. Primary outcomes will be measured using the NEURO TOUCH instrument to assess sensory thresholds and skin temperature. Secondary outcomes will include pain assessment using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: The study will evaluate the degree of sensory improvement in peripheral nerves and the effectiveness of electroacupuncture in reducing neuropathic pain. This research seeks to bridge the gap in understanding the mechanisms and efficacy of electroacupuncture in DPN treatment. Conclusion: This study will provide significant insights into the potential benefits of electroacupuncture for DPN, offering an alternative approach to improve the management of this debilitating condition. The findings could inform future clinical practices and guidelines for DPN treatment
Blunt Abdominal Trauma: The Diagnostic Duel Between Ultrasound And Computed Tomography
Authors: Agnihotri Dr. Arya , Kamble Dr.Vijaya
Published: October 2024

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Epidemiology And Outcomes Of Community Acquired Acute Kidney Injury: A Prospective Single Center Study
Authors: Bharati Sanjay , Srivastava Dr Nikhil , Kumar Dr Alok , Chaudhary Dr Nikhil , Singh Dr Uttam , Singh Dr Shivendra
Published: October 2024

Purposes Community Acquire AKI (CAAKI) develops outside the hospital settings and imposes significant burden on healthcare with its high mortality rate and long-term consequences in selected cases. Infective causes are commonly incriminated and thus CAAKI incidence can be curtailed with social and preventive aspect of modern medicine. We studied patients of CAAKI admitted at our institute with follow-up for 6 months. Methods All patients aged >18yrs, with diagnosis of CAAKI admitted to our Institute, a tertiary care centre located in northern part of India, was included in the study for a period of 3 years (2019-2022). The etiological spectrum and renal and patient outcomes of CA-AKI at the index visit and at 1-month, 3-month and 6 month follow-ups were analyzed. Findings Sepsis (38.8%) was the most common cause of AKI followed by Acute Gastroenteritis. Drug induced AKI was the third most common cause with 9.4% of total cases. Mortality at the index admission was 8.5% and Complete recovery at discharge was observed in 14% of patients. Remaining patients (77.5%) had partial recovery on discharge. On follow Up at 6 Months, 13 patients (5.5%) had persistent renal dysfunction of which 2 (0.85%) were on Renal replacement therapy. Conclusion Infective causes remain the common culprits of CAAKI with large contribution from Drug induced AKI. Significant number of patients progress to CKD and/or ESRD. Improving Socio-economic status is likely to lower the incidence of CAAKI.
Resolving The Hidden And Intricate Canals- A Case Series
Authors: Rao Dr. S. Anitha , Sana Dr. Shaik , Manisha Dr.Mukka
Published: October 2024

Successful endodontic therapy relies on the objectives of accurate diagnosis, complete debridement and three dimensional obturation of root canal system. However complexities such as extra canals and root roots as well as canal intricacies determines the prognosis of root filled teeth. This case series presents four individual case reports depicting the variability of canal space
Magnetic Attachment For Tooth Supported Mandibular Overdenture: A Case Report
Authors: . .
Published: October 2024

The goal of preventive prosthodontics is to highlight the significance of any surgery that can postpone or completely prevent future prosthodontic issues. In terms of preventive prosthodontics, the overdenture is a therapeutic option that is supported by science. Overdentures have been fitted with a variety of attachments to improve retention. Because rare earth magnets like Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B may be produced in small sizes as retentive devices for complete dentures, detachable partial dentures, obturators, and maxillofacial prosthesis, their application for increasing retention has been widely used in the field of prosthodontics. This article presents a simple method of fabricating mandibular over denture retained by magnets in a patient whose mandibular residual ridge was severely resorbed with few remaining teeth and opposed by maxillary complete denture
Complex Odontoma Of Mandible: A Spectacular Case Report
Authors: Kaur Dr.Mandeep , Khajuria Dr. Nidhi , Ettishree Dr. , Sepolia Dr. Namita
Published: October 2024

Odontomas are hamartomas comprised of dental tissues, including enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp. There are two types of odontomas – compound and complex. Compound odontomas are comprised mainly of wellorganized tooth like structures, whereas complex odontomas are comprised mainly of disorganized conglomerates of dental tissues. It is usually asymptomatic and generally associated with unerupted or impacted teeth. Here we report a case of complex odontoma with the fact that early diagnosis of odontomas allows the adoption of a less complex and expensive treatment and ensures better prognosis.
Future Scenarios of Land Change Based on Empirical Data and Demographic Trends
Authors: Sleeter Benjamin M. , Wilson Tamara S. , Sharygin Ethan , Sherba Jason T.
Published: October 2017

Changes in land use and land cover (LULC) have important and fundamental interactions with the global climate system. Top‐down global scale projections of land use change have been an important component of climate change research; however, their utility at local to regional scales is often limited. The goal of this study was to develop an approach for projecting changes in LULC based on land use histories and demographic trends. We developed a set of stochastic, empirical‐based projections of LULC change for the state of California, for the period 2001–2100. Land use histories and demographic trends were used to project a “business‐as‐usual” (BAU) scenario and three population growth scenarios. For the BAU scenario, we projected developed lands would more than double by 2100. When combined with cultivated areas, we projected a 28% increase in anthropogenic land use by 2100. As a result, natural lands were projected to decline at a rate of 139 km2 yr−1; grasslands experienced the largest net decline, followed by shrublands and forests. The amount of cultivated land was projected to decline by approximately 10%; however, the relatively modest change masked large shifts between annual and perennial crop types. Under the three population scenarios, developed lands were projected to increase 40–90% by 2100. Our results suggest that when compared to the BAU projection, scenarios based on demographic trends may underestimate future changes in LULC. Furthermore, regardless of scenario, the spatial pattern of LULC change was likely to have the greatest negative impacts on rangeland ecosystems.
Assessment of Coastal Governance for Climate Change Adaptation in Kenya
Authors: Ojwang Lenice , Rosendo Sergio , Celliers Louis , Obura David , Muiti Anastasia , Kamula James , Mwangi Maina
Published: October 2017

The coastline of Kenya already experiences effects of climate change, adding to existing pressures such as urbanization. Integrated coastal management (ICM) is increasingly recognized as a key policy response to deal with the multiple challenges facing coastal zones, including climate change. It can create an enabling governance environment for effective local action on climate change by facilitating a structured approach to dealing with coastal issues. It encompasses the actions of a wide range of actors, including local governments close to people and their activities affected by climate change. Functioning ICM also offers opportunities for reducing risks and building resilience. This article applied a modified capitals approach framework (CAF), consisting of five “capitals,” to assess the status of county government capacity to respond to climate change within the context of coastal governance in three county governments in Kenya. The baseline was defined in terms of governance relating to the implementation of the interrelated policy systems of ICM and coastal climate change adaptation (CCA). The CAF framework provided a systematic approach to building a governance baseline against which to assess the progress of county governments in responding to climate change. It identified gaps in human capacity, financial resource allocation to adaptation and access to climate change information. Furthermore, it showed that having well‐developed institutions, including regulatory frameworks at the national level can facilitate but does not automatically enable adaptation at the county level.
Registration of Precession Signal in the Last Interglacial Paleosol (S1) on the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Ma Long , Li Ying , Liu Xingxing , Sun Youbin
Published: October 2017

Solar insolation plays an essential role in driving orbital‐scale East Asian Monsoon (EAM) variability. Unlike Chinese speleothem δ18O records characterized by dominant precessional cycles, many loess proxies from the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) usually display damped precessional‐scale variability. To reconcile the precessional monsoon variability recorded in two classic archives, it's critical to investigate which factor can significantly affect the sensitivity of loess proxies to precessional forcing. In this study, we synthesize grain size (GS) and magnetic susceptibility (χ) results of 18 paleosol (S1) profiles over the CLP, with effort to evaluating the relative impacts of sedimentation rate (SR), and pedogenesis on the precessional signal intensity (PSI) during the last interglaciation. Based on unified grain‐size age models, amplitude contrast between normalized GS and χ variations of five substages of the last interglaciation is employed to infer the PSI. The results indicate that precessional signals are evident in the GS/χ records of the high‐SR loess profiles on the northern and western CLP. Comparison of the PSI variations with the SR and mean annual precipitation (MAP) changes suggests that the GS‐PSI is positively correlated to the SR changes, while the χ‐PSI is negatively/positively related to the SR/MAP changes. Our results confirm that distinct precessional cycles in high‐resolution loess proxies permit a plausible reconciliation of monsoon variability recorded in Chinese loess and speleothem.
Possible Icelandic Tephra Found in European Colle Gnifetti Glacier
Authors: Luongo M. T. , Kurbatov A. V. , Erhardt T. , Mayewski P. A. , McCormick M. , More A. F. , Spaulding N. E. , Wheatley S. D. , Yates M. G. , Bohleber P. D.
Published: October 2017

Volcanic ash (tephra) provides unique time markers (isochrons) that are often used as an independent age‐control tool for stratigraphic correlations of paleoclimate archives from ice cores. However, little credence has been given to the notion of finding tephra in ice cores collected in the European Alps because of the relatively large distance from volcanic sources and the presumed nature of regional atmospheric circulation patterns. We filtered particles from melted ice core drilling chips gathered roughly every meter during a 2013 drilling operation at Colle Gnifetti glacier in the Swiss‐Italian Alps (45°55.74′N, 7°52.58′E, 4450 m asl). One filter, preliminarily dated to the nineteenth century by annual layer counting, contained a group of six visually similar tephra particles. Analyzing their chemistry using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectrometer established that the six particles were volcanic in origin and are very similar in composition (a distinctive geochemical signature), pointing to a single volcanic eruption source. We proposed that one of several massive nineteenth century Eastern Icelandic eruptions is a potential source given eruption timing, size, tephra dispersion area, and similarities in chemical composition. This first finding of tephra in an Alpine ice core contributes to a regional tephrochronological framework that can be adapted for future correlation among different paleoclimate sequences.
Significant Contributions of Volcanic Aerosols to Decadal Changes in the Stratospheric Circulation
Authors: Diallo M. , Ploeger F. , Konopka P. , Birner T. , Müller R. , Riese M. , Garny H. , Legras B. , Ray E. , Berthet G. , Jegou F.
Published: October 2017

The stratospheric circulation is an important element of climate as it determines the concentration of radiatively active species like water vapor and aerosol above the tropopause. Climate models predict that increasing greenhouse gas levels speed up the stratospheric circulation. However, these results have been challenged by observational estimates of the circulation strength, constituting an uncertainty in current climate simulations. Here, we quantify the effect of volcanic aerosol on the stratospheric circulation focusing on the Mount Pinatubo eruption and discussing further the minor extratropical volcanic eruptions after 2008. We show that the observed pattern of decadal circulation change over the past decades is substantially driven by volcanic aerosol injections. Thus, climate model simulations need to realistically take into account the effect of volcanic eruptions, including the minor eruptions after 2008, for a reliable reproduction of observed stratospheric circulation changes.
Evidence of Tropospheric 90 Day Oscillations in the Thermosphere
Authors: Gasperini F. , Hagan M. E. , Zhao Y.
Published: October 2017

In the last decade evidence demonstrated that terrestrial weather greatly impacts the dynamics and mean state of the thermosphere via small‐scale gravity waves and global‐scale solar tidal propagation and dissipation effects. While observations have shown significant intraseasonal variability in the upper mesospheric mean winds, relatively little is known about this variability at satellite altitudes (∼250–400 km). Using cross‐track wind measurements from the Challenging Minisatellite Payload and Gravity field and steady‐state Ocean Circulation Explorer satellites, winds from a Modern‐Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications/Thermosphere‐Ionosphere‐Mesosphere‐Electrodynamics General Circulation Model simulation, and outgoing longwave radiation data, we demonstrate the existence of a prominent and global‐scale 90 day oscillation in the thermospheric zonal mean winds and in the diurnal eastward propagating tide with zonal wave number 3 (DE3) during 2009–2010 and present evidence of its connection to variability in tropospheric convective activity. This study suggests that strong coupling between the troposphere and the thermosphere occurs on intraseasonal timescales.