bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gadget Use Among Toddlers In Bekasi City
Authors: Damayanti Dina Sulviana , Musaffa Salmaa Dhiya , Sidi Prastowo , Fatimah Fatimah
Published: May 2024

Latar Belakang : Kemampuan bicara sebagai modal tumbuh kembang anak, salah satunya perkembangan IQ dan masa depan anak. Penggunaan gadgdet kini sangat umum untuk semua khalangan termasuk balita dan keterlambatan perkembangan banyak terjadi pada balita. Data KPAI tahun 2022 menyebutkan 79% anak di Indonesia menggunakan gadget bukan untuk kebutuhan belajar namun untuk kebutuhan lainnyaTujuan : Mengetahui gambaran penggunaan gadget pada balita yang berusia 24-60 bulan di Kota Bekasi Pada Tahun 2023.Metode : Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik accidental sampling, dengan jumlah responden pada penelitian ini adalah 98.Hasil : Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas balita menggunakan gadget dengan intensitas tinggi dengan durasi penggunaan gadget >60 menit perhari dan frekuensi setiap hari (>6 hari perminggu).Kesimpulan : Penggunaan gadget yang menjadi trend saat ini di kalangan anak-anak khusunya balita, diharapkan orang tua lebih waspada dengan membatasi pemberian gadget kepada anak sehingga anak dapat bermain dengan aktivitas fisik denagan teman seusianya untuk mendukung tumbuh kembang anak.Saran : Penelitian selanjutnya dapat dilakukan dengan menambahkan jumlah sampel penelitian yang lebih banyak dengan metode penelitian observasinal untuk melihat dampak gadget di sektor pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia balita Kata kunci : Anak, Balita, Gadget ABSTRACT Background : The ability to speak is an asset for a child's growth and development, one of which is the development of IQ and the child's future. The use of gadgets is now very common for all children, including toddlers, and developmental delays often occur in toddlers. Aim : To find out the description of gadget use among toddlers aged 24-60 months in Bekasi City in 2023.Method : This research is a type of descriptive research with accidental sampling technique, total of respondents in this study was 98.Results : This research show that the majority of toddlers use gadgets with high intensity with gadget usage duration >60 minutes per day and frequency every day (>6 days per week).Conclusion : The use of gadgets is a current trend among children, especially toddlers. It is hoped that parents will be more vigilant by limiting the giving of gadgets to their children so that children can play physical activities with friends their age to support their children's growth and development.Suggestion Further research can be carried out by adding a larger number of research samples using observational research methods to see the impact of gadgets on the growth and development of children under five. Keywords: Child, Toddler, Gadget
Comparative Analysis of Remnant Surfaces Mapped Using Traditional and Digital Methods in the Bogács-Cserépfalu Basin Pilot Area
Authors: Hegedűs András , Vágó János , Pecsmány Péter
Published: May 2024

Mapping remnant surfaces is essential in geomorphologic research because it allows us to deduce the surface-forming processes. Compared to the traditional methods, the suggested GIS-based method is an effective, faster, and more objective way of geomorphological mapping. However, the prerequisites of the applicability and reliability of the GIS method have not been fully examined yet. The study compared the results of traditional and GIS-based geomorphological mapping in a pilot area by analyzing the histograms of absolute and relative elevation and the slope conditions of remnant surfaces. It can be concluded that despite its errors, the GIS-based method yielded satisfactory results, showing the locations of these remnants similarly to the traditional map.
Voidable Financial Contracts (‘Uqud Fasidah) And The Rectification Mechanisms: A Fiqh Juristic Review
Authors: Abdullah Thaidi Hussein 'Azeemi , Farooq Muhammad , Ab Rahman Muhammad Firdaus , Jangebe Huzaifa Aliyu
Published: May 2024

This article conducts a meticulous library research methodology to delve into the intricate domain of voidable financial contracts ('uqud fasidah). It carries out an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms for rectification proposed by classical fiqh jurists. Focusing on the jurisprudential nuances of the major four mazhabs, the study scrutinizes factors rendering contracts voidable, among others, coercion, riba, ambiguity (gharar), and other complexities. By dissecting the mechanisms of rectification and their interpretation proposed by the fiqh jurists, the article uncovers the methods by which voidable contracts can potentially be salvaged. By deciphering the rich legacy of fiqh jurisprudence, this article contributes to a deeper comprehension of the legal strategies available for rectifying voidable financial contracts in modern Islamic finance context.
Mütekaddimûn Dönemi İmāmiyye Şīʿası’nda Sünnet Anlayışı: İmāmiyye’ye Göre İmamların Sünnetinden Söz Edilebilir mi?
Authors: Ünügür Tekin Peyman
Published: May 2024

İmāmiyye mezhebine göre imamların sünnetin kaynağı mı yoksa onun aktarıcısı mı olduğu hususunda farklı görüşler söz konusudur. Son dönemde İmāmī müellifler tarafından yapılan hadis ve sünnete dair çalışmalarda, sünnetin mahiyetinin daha ziyade müteahhirûn dönemi İmāmī uṣūlcülerinin görüşleri üzerinden ele alındığı görülür. İmāmiyye’nin teşekkül sürecinde hakim olan sünnet anlayışının keyfiyetiyse çoğunlukla göz ardı edilir. Oysaki teşekkül sürecinde rol oynayan mütekaddimûn dönemi ulemasının yaklaşımı, mezhebin sünnet anlayışının şekillenmesinde mühim bir etkiye sahip olmalıdır. İmāmiyye’nin hadis ve sünnet anlayışına dair Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmalar arasında, bu mezhebe göre sünnetin mahiyetini doğrudan konu alan bir çalışma tespit edilememiştir. Meseleye satır aralarında değinen çalışmalardaysa daha ziyade çağdaş İmāmī çalışmalar kaynak alınmış, bilhassa mütekaddimûn dönemi eserleri ve dolayısıyla bu dönemde hâkim olan sünnet anlayışı göz ardı edilmiştir. Batı’da yapılan çalışmalardaysa meselenin daha ziyade imamların bilgisinin kapsamı bağlamında ele alındığı görülür. Ancak bunlarda da yine imamların sünneti olgusunun üzerinde ayrıntılı şekilde duran bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada imamların sünneti meselesi merkeze alınmış; mütekaddimûn döneminde mezhep ulemasınca ortaya konan sünnet anlayışının tespiti ve bu doğrultuda mütekaddimûn dönemi ulemasına göre imamların Hz. Peygamber’e ilave olarak müstakil bir sünnet ihdas edip etmedikleri hususunun açıklığa kavuşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada mütekaddimûn döneminde etkin olan hem aḫbārī hem de uṣūlī ulema tarafından kaleme alınan hadis, fıkıh, uṣūl ve sair eserlerdeki sünnet kullanımları araştırılarak kelimenin imamlara nispetle kullanılıp kullanılmadığı ve buna ilave olarak fıkıh ve uṣūl eserlerinde imamlardan nakledilenlere sünnetvari bir fonksiyon yüklenip yüklenmediği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Söz konusu tespitler yapılırken imamlara atfedilen ilahi bilgilendirmeye muhatap olma ve ismet niteliklerinin, imamların sünneti görüşüyle ilişkilendirilip ilişkilendirilemeyeceği hususu da irdelenmiştir. Mütekaddimûn dönemi eserleri üzerindeki incelemeler aracılığıyla, sünnetin şerʿī ahkamla sınırlandırılarak yalnızca Hz. Peygamber ile ilişkilendirildiği, şerʿī ahkam konusunda hüküm koyma yetkisinin yalnızca Hz. Peygamber’e has kılınarak imamlara bunlar üzerinde -ekleme ya da çıkarma bakımından- herhangi bir tasarruf yetkisi öngörülmediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Vocalisations, territoriality and aggressive interactions of the Chaco tree frog Boana raniceps
Authors: DE T. FIGUEIREDO GUILHERME , DO N. MÁXIMO LEANDRO , CAMPOS FELIPE S. , LOURENÇO-DE-MORAES RICARDO
Published: May 2024

Various types of intra and interspecific vocalisation are a primary means of communication among anuran species. In intraspecific interactions, male anurans emit calls to attract females and repel rival males. This study describes new vocalisation types for reproductively active Boana raniceps (Anura: Hylidae) and provides a commentary on aggressive intraspecific behaviour that was recorded at ten sites. In addition to advertisement calls, our findings reveal that males emit two types of aggressive call, one territorial call and one encounter call. We identified a sequence of different aggressive behaviours displayed during physical combat between two males. Our findings show that B. raniceps exhibits complex intraspecific behaviours in a reproductive context.
Interconnection and Significance: Exploration of Philosophy in the Life of the Poda Na Lima Batak Community in an Islamic Perspective
Authors: Siregar Iskandarsyah , Lyudmila Demidyuk
Published: May 2024

The essence of a nation's identity, rooted in its traditional values and philosophy, existed before the country was formed as a sovereign entity. This intrinsic connection with tradition forms the basic principles that form the foundation of nation building. Indonesia, like other countries, faces a number of challenges, often facing complexity and distortion in finding solutions to each unique situation. However, it is believed that by utilizing the philosophical foundations and traditional values inherent in its culture, Indonesia can navigate and resolve these problems effectively. The essence of this approach is the recognition of the important role of philosophy in guiding societal norms and behavior. In particular, the adoption of religious values, such as those contained in Islam, has great potential to ground society in the eternal truths represented in traditional customs. Islam, characterized by its universal nature as a religion of “rahmatan lil’alamin” (mercy for all nature), offers a comprehensive framework that can address various aspects of human existence. This study emphasizes the importance of revitalizing the life orientation of the community, especially the Batak tribe, by aligning it with the principles contained in the Poda Na Lima philosophy. By explaining the relationship between their identities as Muslim and Batak, individuals can bring greater resonance and authenticity to the structures and infrastructure of their society. Using a qualitative approach rooted in critical discourse analysis, this research aims to reveal the complex relationship between traditional philosophy, religious teachings, and contemporary challenges. Through examination of the Poda Na Lima framework, which consists of five basic principles, it becomes clear that these principles contain deep wisdom and serve as a guide to community behavior.
Persistent Severe Fatigue among Adolescents with Immune Dysregulation Disorders
Authors:   , Nijhof Linde Nicole
Published: May 2024

Fatigue is common among adolescents. It is usually a harmless phenomenon resulting from physical or mental exertion, and often resolves with rest. However, if fatigue persists and makes it difficult to perform regular activities, it can significantly impact daily life. This is often the case for adolescents with a chronic medical condition: they frequently suffer from severe fatigue. This dissertation focuses on adolescents with immune dysregulation disorders (IDD), such as autoimmune diseases and congenital immune deficiencies. The dissertation describes how persistent physical symptoms, such as fatigue and pain, affect their lives.

The first part of the research investigates the prevalence of severe fatigue among adolescents with IDD. More than a quarter of them report persistent severe fatigue, even when their disease is well-controlled. This fatigue significantly limits their physical, social, and school activities. Additionally, this dissertation examines the relationship between pain and fatigue, revealing that these symptoms are closely linked. It is often thought that fatigue in chronic medical conditions is difficult to influence, as it may be seen as a consequence of a dysregulated immune system. However, this dissertation emphasizes the importance of a broader approach, considering not only biological factors (such as disease-related factors) but also environmental and child factors. Since adolescents are in a crucial developmental phase, it is particularly important during this period to minimize the impact of fatigue as much as possible.

The second part of the dissertation discusses the development of online cognitive behavioral therapy for severely fatigued adolescents with IDD. Its effectiveness and feasibility of this therapy were investigated. Results show that these adolescents benefit significantly from the treatment, with a reduction in fatigue and related limitations. No adverse side effects were found.

This dissertation enhances the understanding and knowledge of persistent fatigue in adolescents with IDD. By timely identifying modifiable factors related to fatigue, appropriate treatment can positively influence their development and quality of life. The findings provide valuable insights and potential treatment strategies for severe fatigue in adolescents with IDD and possibly for those with other chronic medical conditions as well.
Nanomaterials in Two Dimensions
Authors:   , van der Sluijs Maaike Marina
Published: May 2024

In the past decades, nanomaterials have become an increasingly important class of materials due to their size-tuneable optical, electronic and magnetic properties. Not only are they of great scientific interest, but their tunability and versatility has also resulted in a wide range of applications ranging from IR photodetectors to solar cells. In this thesis we discuss the synthesis and characterization of colloidal nanocrystals consisting of lead- or cadmium- chalcogenide units (PbX, CdX, X=Se, S). We studied the nanocrystals both as self-standing objects and as larger hierarchical 2D superstructures prepared with a bottom-up approach. Chapter 2 briefly introduces the background necessary to understand the concepts discussed in the rest of the thesis. I give a brief history on the implicit presence and usage of nanocrystals before discussing how we currently understand nanocrystals. First, I discuss the inorganic core of the nanocrystals and the influence of dimensionality on the luminescent properties. Then, I briefly discuss the post-synthetic process of cation exchange with which the crystalline core can be tailored further. From there, I give some insight into our understanding of the surface chemistry of nanocrystals and go on to discuss the interactions between ligand-stabilized nanocrystals in an organic apolar dispersion. Specifically, I go into the interactions between nanocrystals which play a role during self-assembly and oriented attachment. In chapter 3, I give an overview on the literature on oriented attachment up until 2020. Specifically, I focus on oriented attachment in the PbX (X = S, Se, Te) and CdX family (X = S, Se, Te) and the in situ study of this process. In chapter 4, I present a study of the formation of honeycomb superlattices build up from PbSe nanocrystals by self-assembly and oriented attachment. Initially, we studied how to avoid perturbation of the superlattice prior to characterisation before delving into the influence of the reactivity of the liquid substrate on the formation process and the final stages of alignment and attachment of the nanocrystals. The self-assembly pathway was then further investigated by varying the repulsion potentials between the nanocrystals in coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. In chapter 5, we studied the synthesis and growth mechanism for 2D PbS nanosheets. With atomically resolved TEM techniques we elucidate the structure of the nanosheets and study the crystallinity of the nanosheets during the growth (synthesis). It allowed us to propose a reaction mechanism for the growth of these nanosheets. Finally, we apply this knowledge to improve the crystallinity of the synthesized PbS sheets. In chapter 6, I show a post-synthetic Cd-for-Pb cation exchange starting with PbS nanosheets, in order to obtain CdS nanosheets. With ex situ TEM analysis we studied the cation exchange in time: Early on, the nanosheets show significant damage; but over time the damage is repaired and the completely exchanged CdS nanosheets even show (trap) luminescence.
Effect of Warm Fluid Distension Media in relieving Pain in outpatient Hysteroscopy: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: ElSayed Ahmed Mortada , Hashad Ahmed Mohamed , El-Skaan Rania Gamal , Zanoun Amira Mohamed , El-Ghareeb Nermeen Moustafa
Published: May 2024

Objective: To detect the significance of using warm saline (body temperature 37C) as distension media in-office hysteroscopy in reducing pain. Methods: This randomized control trial was conducted at the Early Cancer Detection and Gynecological Endoscopy Unit, Maternity Hospital, Ain Shams University, on 100 women who underwent office hysteroscopy from 1st April 2021 to 30 October 2021. Randomly, the study participants were distributed into two groups of equal number: group (A), which included 50 patients in whom warm saline (body temperature 37C) was infused inside the endometrial cavity during hysteroscopy, and group (B), which included 50 patients in whom normal saline (room temperature) were used during hysteroscopy Results: The visual analog scale at the end of the procedure was significantly higher in group B (6.88±1.60) compared to group A (5.86±1.86) with a p-value of 0.002. While no statistically significant difference was found between groups regarding pain scores 15 minutes after the procedure. Also, patients in group A showed more statistically significant satisfaction than patients in group B, with a p-value of (p= 0.009). These findings indicated the superiority of warm saline to normal saline regarding pain relief. Conclusion: Our current data confirmed the role of warm saline distention media in decreasing pain during hysteroscopy, but the long-term affection after 15 minutes needs further evaluation.
Effect of Single layer versus Double Layer Suturing on Healing of cesarean Uterine Scar: A Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Salama Mohamed Haamed , Mohamed Sabry Sayed , Abd El-Razik Hamad Sara , Zeinhom Ahmed Mohamed
Published: May 2024

Objective: Closing the uterine incision is a crucial aspect of a cesarean section. Therefore, it is essential to use a resilient surgical method that can withstand the pressure of subsequent labor. We aimed to assess the impact of single versus double-layer closure on residual myometrial thickness following cesarean section. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 pregnant women scheduled for elective cesarean section at the operative theater of Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital from February to August 2021. We randomized the patients into two groups (30 in the single-layer group and 30 in the double-layer group) and had undergone cesarean delivery. The study evaluated their uterine scars using saline infusion sonography (SIS) three months after delivery. Results: No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding hemoglobin drop, blood loss, procedure time, blood transfusion, and postoperative complications. However, the thickness of the residual myometrium covering the defect was significantly lower in the double-layer closure group compared to the single-layer closure group (4.70 ± 0.95 vs. 5.30 ± 1.15, respectively, P = 0.032). Conclusion: The single-layer unlocked closure is recommended over the double layer due to better uterine scar healing and higher RMT.
Comparison of embryo development of ICSI and IVF derived embryos from modified natural cycles according to time-lapse technology
Authors: Feradourou Antonia , Dinopoulou Vasiliki , Mavrogianni Despoina , Drakaki Eirini , Potiris Anastasios , Liarmakopoulou Matoula , Pelekanos Michael , Drakakis Peter , Stavros Sofoklis
Published: May 2024

Background: to compare the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and conventional fertilization (IVF) on the development of embryos derived from modified natural cycles, in order to find the most effective fertilization method. Methods: Seventy-two embryos were evaluated, of which 43 resulted from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and 29 from conventional fertilization (IVF). The evaluation was performed according to the KIDScore Day 5 algorithm, but also according to the Gardner and Schoolcraft evaluation system. The quality of each embryo was evaluated and categorized according to their quality on the 5th day of their development, the presence of multiple nuclei at the 2 and 4 cell stage (MN2, MN4 respectively), the direct cleavage of blastomeres (DC) and the reverse cleavage of blastomeres (RC). Additionally the time points of each cellular event was recorded. Results: The fertilization method is independent of the qualitative classification of embryos, the appearance of multiple nuclei, the direct cleavage and the reverse cleavage of blastomeres. The time points of cellular events were similar between the two fertilization methods. Conclusions: No significant difference was observed in the development of ICSI and IVF derived embryos from modified natural cycles. Therefore, neither of the two fertilization methods is considered more appropriate for the embryonic development in modified natural cycles. It is suggested to evaluate both the medical history and the gametes quality of the couple in order to choose the appropriate fertilization method. It is also recommended to use both methods of embryos evaluation in combination.
Balanchine and Constructivism: The Path to Neoclassicism
Authors: Kattner Elizabeth
Published: May 2024

This article explores the dances that George Balanchine created in Russia between 1920 and 1924 and places them within the short movement of constructivism in dance. It concentrates on the choreographic conventions used by Balanchine and other constructivist choreographers. Moving beyond an assessment of how constructivism influenced Balanchine's work, the article proposes that he was an influential player in the movement, not merely influenced by it. A foundation is laid through a detailed review of both primary and secondary source material, as well as by examining the work of other artists who were pivotal to the development of constructivist ballet.
Implementasi Metode Osint untuk Mengidentifikasi Serangan Judi Online pada Website
Authors: Yusuf Raharja
Published: May 2024

Serangan siber atau cyber-attack merupakan sebuah serangan yang dilakukan oleh suatu golongan untuk merusak, mencuri atau mengubah data dari suatu sistem komputer dengan cara memanfaatkan kerentanan sistem tersebut. Web defacement merupakan salah satu contoh dari serangan siber yang dilakukan dengan mengubah tampilan halaman dari website oleh oknum yang tidak memiliki wewenang. Serangan judi online pada website merupakan contoh dari web defacement. Judi online merupakan aktivitas taruhan yang dilakukan secara online dengan mempertaruhkan uang atau barang berharga. Serangan judi online semakin marak akibat dari perkembangan judi online yang semakin cepat. Dampak yang terjadi ketika sebuah website terkena web defacement judi online adalah situs tersebut menampilkan konten judi online. Serangan judi online sering dilakukan pada domain tingkat atas seperti .co.id, .edu, .or.id, dan .com. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) dengan teknik google dork untuk mengidentifikasi serangan judi online pada website dengan domain .co.id, .edu, .or.id, dan .com. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 511.000 situs web dengan domain .co.id, 61.700 situs web dengan domain .edu, 26.800 situs web dengan domain .or.id, dan 6.540.000 situs web dengan domain .com terkena serangan judi online, total 7.149.500 situs web terkena serangan judi online pada keempat domain tersebut.
A Trial of a Virtual Fence to Mitigate Roadkill on an Unsealed Rural Road in Tasmania, Australia
Authors: Candy Steven G. , Bunker James A. , Englefield Bruce
Published: May 2024

A commercial roadkill Virtual Fence (VF) mitigation device (iPTE Traffic Solutions) was used in a field trial to test its effectiveness, for which previously published results have been inconsistent, along a 4.9 km segment of road on Bruny Island, Tasmania. A total of 585 days of monitoring roadkill by species was conducted, with six sections that were alternatively switched on or off according to the Crossover and Multiple Before–After–Control–Impact (MBACI) experimental designs that divided monitoring into “off–on” then “on–off” periods. Aggregate counts, for each period by section combination, from daily counts of Tasmanian pademelons (Thylogale billardierii) were modelled, with a total count of 222. The statistical analysis used the MBACI design to estimate the VF effect using a log-odds ratio parameter (LORP) while accounting for local spatio-temporal effects. Both versions of the analysis, either averaged over the three spatial replicates (paired sections) or two temporal replicates (blocks), showed no statistically significant effect of the VF, judged as an LORP estimate not sufficiently below zero. Corresponding percentage reduction estimates of 9% and 16% were derived from the LORP. The corresponding statistical power required to detect a nominal significant reduction of 50% in rate was 0.5 and 0.6, respectively. This study confirms the results from a similar previous field trial in southern Tasmania that this VF is likely to lead to, if anything, only a minor reduction in roadkill.
In Vitro Virucidal Activity of Different Essential Oils against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Used as Surrogate of Human Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Lanave Gianvito , Pellegrini Francesco , Triggiano Francesco , De Giglio Osvalda , Lucente Maria Stella , Diakoudi Georgia , Catella Cristiana , Gentile Arturo , Tardugno Roberta , Fracchiolla Giuseppe , Martella Vito , Camero Michele
Published: May 2024

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major hepatotropic virus that affects humans with increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. The bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes abortion, calf mortality and poor reproductive performance in cattle. Due the difficulties of in vitro cultivation for HCV, BVDV has been used as surrogate for in vitro assessment of the efficacy of antivirals. Essential oils (EOs) display antiviral and virucidal activity on several viral pathogens. In this study, the virucidal activity of five EOs, Salvia officinalis L. EO (SEO), Melissa officinalis L. EO (MEO), Citrus lemon EO (LEO), Rosmarinus officinalis L. EO (REO) and Thymus vulgaris L. EO (TEO) against BVDV was evaluated in vitro at different concentrations for several time contacts. MEO and LEO were able to considerably inactivate BVDV with a time- and dose-dependent fashion. MEO and LEO at the highest concentrations decreased viral titer by 2.00 and 2.25 log10 TCID50/50 μL at 8 h contact time, respectively. SEO, REO and TEO displayed mild virucidal activity at the highest concentrations for 8 h contact times. In this study, the virucidal efficacies of MEO and LEO against BVDV were observed regardless of compound concentration and contact time. Further studies are needed to confirm the potential use of MEO and LEO as surface disinfectants.
Studies on the Increasing Saltiness and Antioxidant Effects of Peanut Protein Maillard Reaction Products
Authors: Xing Wenjing , Ma Chunmin , Yu Yang , Chen Fenglian , Yang Chunhua , Zhang Na
Published: May 2024

The salt taste-enhancing and antioxidant effect of the Maillard reaction on peanut protein hydrolysates (PPH) was explored. The multi-spectroscopic and sensory analysis results showed that the Maillard reaction products (MRPs) of hexose (glucose and galactose) had slower reaction rates than those of pentose (xylose and arabinose), but stronger umami and increasing saltiness effects. The Maillard reaction can improve the flavor of PPH, and the galactose-Maillard reaction product (Ga-MRP) has the best umami and salinity-enhancing effects. The measured molecular weight of Ga-MRP were all below 3000 Da, among which the molecular weights between 500–3000 Da accounted for 46.7%. The products produced during the Maillard reaction process resulted in a decrease in brightness and an increase in red value of Ga-MRP. The amino acid analysis results revealed that compared with PPH, the content of salty and umami amino acids in Ga-MRPs decreased, but their proportion in total free amino acids increased, and the content of bitter amino acids decreased. In addition, the Maillard reaction enhances the reducing ability, DPPH radical scavenging ability, and Fe2+ chelating ability of PPH. Therefore, the Maillard reaction product of peanut protein can be expected to be used as a substitute for salt seasoning, with excellent antioxidant properties.
Fuzzy-FMEA Theory Approach for Prioritizing Supply Chain Nervousness Factors
Authors: Magableh Ghazi M. , Mumani Ahmad A. , Obaidat Sinan F. , Mistarihi Mahmoud Z.
Published: May 2024

Global supply chain shocks and interruptions underscore the importance of supply chain nervousness (SCN). A clear understanding of nervousness in the event of a crisis allows an organization to make a good plan to deal with interruptions and future shocks. This study aims to develop a model for assessing nervousness parameters in the supply chains (SCs) by incorporating the fuzzy-FMEA theory and gray correlation approach to rank the SCN factors. The integrated model used in this study can improve the accuracy of outcomes when uncertainty exists in the SCN data. The results show that the most important nervousness factors are SC planning, visibility, stability, decision support systems, and SC flexibility. The developed SCN approach allows understanding and prioritizing SCN factors with more realistic and effective assessment. Findings offer beneficial insights for SCN prevention, and suggestions are made to identify nervousness mitigations. The outcomes of this research can be used by researchers and SC specialists to develop decision support systems.
Experimental Study on Pulsed Plasma Stimulation and Matching with Simulation Work
Authors: Khalaf Mina , Soliman M. , Farouq-Ali S. M. , Cipolla Craig , Dusterhoft Ron
Published: May 2024

Plasma stimulation is a form of waterless fracturing as it requires that only the wellbore be filled with an aqueous fluid. The technique creates multiple fractures propagating in different directions around the wellbore. The intent of this paper is to present an experimental and numerical investigation of the degree of competitiveness of plasma stimulation with hydraulic fracturing, especially in the case of stimulating tight formation. Several cases were run experimentally. The samples included limestone and sandstone to investigate plasma fracturing in different rock types. In addition, the main goal of the experiments was to study the creation of fracture(s) under confining stresses, the type of rock, the amount of electrical energy used in the experiment, and the length of the wire to generate the plasma reaction. A laboratory plasma equipment was designed and used to accomplish the experimental work. The experiments were then numerically matched using a finite element numerical simulator, HOSS developed by LANL (Los Alamos National Lab). HOSS was developed to simulate high-strain-rate fractures such as those created by plasma stimulation. It accounts for mixed-mode fracture mechanics which are tensile and shear fractures. The simulator governing equations obey the conservation of mass and momentum in a solid-mechanics sense and account for the nonlinear deformation of rock material. The matching of the experiment allowed us to validate the HOSS simulation of the process and showed that the numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental work. Using the HOSS simulator, we also investigated the effect of higher energy levels and/or short release time on a cement rock model. The pressure profile that is developed due to the energy release can vary in the peak pressure and the release time. The results showed that the plasma fracturing technique is an effective stimulation method in sandstone and limestone. Plasma fractures were developed in the rock samples and extended from the sample wellbore to the outer boundaries. The shape of the pressure pulse has an impact on the developed fractures. Moreover, the effect of plasma stimulation on natural fractures was studied numerically. It was found that natural fractures can arrest the plasma-generated fractures that propagate from the wellbore to the outer boundaries. However, new fractures may develop in the rock starting from the natural fracture tips.
Shape Control of a Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reflector and Placement Optimization of the Actuators
Authors: Wu Ke , Yang Wenhai , Liu Pengbo
Published: May 2024

In this study, a method for the active shape control for carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRC) reflectors using piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) actuators is proposed. According to this method, a finite element model considering higher transverse shear deformation with independent voltage degrees of freedom is formulated by the Hamilton principle. An optimal shape controller that minimizes the discrete root mean square (RMS) error of a reflecting surface is applied. Then, the optimal arrangements of the PZT actuators are determined by numerical optimization methods, which are developed by modifying the classical Genetic Algorithm, with both single and multi-objective optimizations being studied. In the single optimization formulation, the number of actuators is considered as a constraint, and the RMS error of the reflector is regarded as the optimizing target. A hybrid method that combines the gradient projection method with an adaptive Genetic Algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. In the multi-objective optimization, the residual RMS errors and power consumption of the actuators are considered as the optimization targets. Pareto optimal solutions are obtained by an improved multi-objective Genetic Algorithm. Numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
MEAG-YOLO: A Novel Approach for the Accurate Detection of Personal Protective Equipment in Substations
Authors: Zhang Hong , Mu Chunyang , Ma Xing , Guo Xin , Hu Chong
Published: May 2024

Timely and accurately detecting personal protective equipment (PPE) usage among workers is essential for substation safety management. However, traditional algorithms encounter difficulties in substations due to issues such as varying target scales, intricate backgrounds, and many model parameters. Therefore, this paper proposes MEAG-YOLO, an enhanced PPE detection model for substations built upon YOLOv8n. First, the model incorporates the Multi-Scale Channel Attention (MSCA) module to improve feature extraction. Second, it newly designs the EC2f structure with one-dimensional convolution to enhance feature fusion efficiency. Additionally, the study optimizes the Path Aggregation Network (PANet) structure to improve feature learning and the fusion of multi-scale targets. Finally, the GhostConv module is integrated to optimize convolution operations and reduce computational complexity. The experimental results show that MEAG-YOLO achieves a 2.4% increase in precision compared to YOLOv8n, with a 7.3% reduction in FLOPs. These findings suggest that MEAG-YOLO is effective in identifying PPE in complex substation scenarios, contributing to the development of smart grid systems.
Emotion Recognition in Usability Testing: A Framework for Improving Web Application UI Design
Authors: Drungilas Darius , Ramašauskas Ignas , Kurmis Mindaugas
Published: May 2024

Traditional usability testing methods often lack the ability to fully capture different aspects of the user experience (UX). The focus of this research work is to propose a framework and develop its comprehensive prototype to improve usability testing and UX analysis by integrating session recording, interaction logging, and emotion recognition methods. A trained emotion recognition model based on MobileNetV2 architecture in conjunction with Hotjar and Google Analytics is proposed to add more context to the user experience during usability testing. The results obtained during the testing of a developed framework prototype showed that UI testing based on UX principles and integration of emotion recognition can be a powerful tool for improving the UI of web applications. It is recommended to improve UI testing processes by incorporating these aspects and data analysis methods. This would provide a more complete and more objective picture of the usability of the interface.
FedCrow: Federated-Learning-Based Data Privacy Preservation in Crowd Sensing
Authors: Ma Jun , Chen Long , Xu Jian , Yuan Yaoxuan
Published: May 2024

In the process of completing large-scale and fine-grained sensing tasks for the new generation of crowd-sensing systems, the role of analysis, reasoning, and decision making based on artificial intelligence has become indispensable. Mobile crowd sensing, which is an open system reliant on the broad participation of mobile intelligent terminal devices in data sensing and computation, poses a significant risk of user privacy data leakage. To mitigate the data security threats that arise from malicious users in federated learning and the constraints of end devices in crowd-sensing applications, which are unsuitable for high computational overheads associated with traditional cryptographic security mechanisms, we propose FedCrow, which is a federated-learning-based approach for protecting crowd-sensing data that integrates federated learning with crowd sensing. FedCrow enables the training of artificial intelligence models on multiple user devices without the need to upload user data to a central server, thus mitigating the risk of crowd-sensing user data leakage. To address security vulnerabilities in the model data during the interaction process in federated learning, the system employs encryption methods suitable for crowd-sensing applications to ensure secure data transmission during the training process, thereby establishing a secure federated-learning framework for protecting crowd-sensing data. To combat potential malicious users in federated learning, a legitimate user identification method based on the user contribution level was designed using the gradient similarity principle. By filtering out malicious users, the system reduces the threat of attacks, thereby enhancing the system accuracy and security. Through various attack experiments, the system’s ability to defend against malicious user attacks was validated. The experimental results demonstrate the method’s effectiveness in countering common attacks in federated learning. Additionally, through comparative experiments, suitable encryption methods based on the size of the data in crowd-sensing applications were identified to effectively protect the data security during transmission.
Analysis of the Methods for Realization of Low-Power Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Circuits for Wearable Battery-Free Power Supply Devices
Authors: Pandiev Ivaylo , Tomchev Nikolay , Kurtev Nikolay , Aleksandrova Mariya
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the design and implementation methods of low-power piezoelectric energy harvesting circuits, which in the last few years have gained an extremely large range of applications like the power sources of wearable electronic devices, such as biometrical sensors. Before examining the electronic circuitries of the self-supplied power devices, an overview of the structure, equivalent electrical circuits, and basic parameters of the piezoelectric generators and MEMSs as energy harvesting elements is presented. The structure of energy storage elements (parallel-plate capacitors and thin-film supercapacitors), suitable for this type of application, is also presented. The description of these components from an electrical point of view allows them to be easily workable when connected to the various power conversion electronic circuits. Based on an overview of the structure and the principles of operation, as well as some analytical expressions for energy efficiency evaluation, a comprehensive comparative analysis is presented. Depending on the advantages and disadvantages of the known circuit configurations, the basic electrical and design parameters are systematized in tabular form. Practical realizations of piezoelectric power conversion circuits are also presented in graphic form, ensuring the optimal value of energy efficiency and compactness in the construction of the devices.
Identifying Differential Methylation in Cancer Epigenetics via a Bayesian Functional Regression Model
Authors: Shokoohi Farhad , Stephens David A. , Greenwood Celia M. T.
Published: May 2024

DNA methylation plays an essential role in regulating gene activity, modulating disease risk, and determining treatment response. We can obtain insight into methylation patterns at a single-nucleotide level via next-generation sequencing technologies. However, complex features inherent in the data obtained via these technologies pose challenges beyond the typical big data problems. Identifying differentially methylated cytosines (dmc) or regions is one such challenge. We have developed DMCFB, an efficient dmc identification method based on Bayesian functional regression, to tackle these challenges. Using simulations, we establish that DMCFB outperforms current methods and results in better smoothing and efficient imputation. We analyzed a dataset of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia and control samples. With DMCFB, we discovered many new dmcs and, more importantly, exhibited enhanced consistency of differential methylation within islands and their adjacent shores. Additionally, we detected differential methylation at more of the binding sites of the fused gene involved in this cancer.
Structural Studies on the Binding Mode of Bisphenols to PPARγ
Authors: Useini Abibe , Schwerin Inken Kaja , Künze Georg , Sträter Norbert
Published: May 2024

Bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol B (BPB) are widely used in the production of plastics, and their potential adverse health effects, particularly on endocrine disruption and metabolic health, have raised concern. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) plays a pivotal role in metabolic regulation and adipogenesis, making it a target of interest in understanding the development of obesity and associated health impacts. In this study, we employ X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the interaction of PPARγ with BPA and BPB. Crystallographic structures reveal the binding of BPA and BPB to the ligand binding domain of PPARγ, next to C285, where binding of partial agonists as well as antagonists and inverse agonists of PPARγ signaling has been previously observed. However, no interaction of BPA and BPB with Y437 in the activation function 2 site is observed, showing that these ligands cannot stabilize the active conformation of helix 12 directly. Furthermore, free energy analyses of the MD simulations revealed that I341 has a large energetic contribution to the BPA and BPB binding modes characterized in this study.
TiO2/p-BC Composite Photocatalyst for Efficient Removal of Tetracycline from Aqueous Solutions under Simulated Sunlight
Authors: Liu Jianhui , Zheng Liwen , Gao Yongchao , Ji Lei , Yang Zhongfeng , Wang Hailun , Shang Ming , Du Jianhua , Yang Xiaodong
Published: May 2024

Pollution caused by antibiotics has brought significant challenges to the ecological environment. To improve the efficiency of the removal of tetracycline (TC) from aqueous solutions, a composite material consisting of TiO2 and phosphoric acid-treated peanut shell biochar (p-BC) has been successfully synthesized in the present study by the sol-gel method. In addition, the composite material was characterized using various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS). The XPS and FTIR analyses revealed the formation of a new Ti–O–C bond, while the XRD analysis confirmed the presence of TiO2 (with an anatase phase) in the composite material. Also, the PL analyses showed a notable decrease in the recombination efficiency of electrons and holes, which was due to the formation of a composite. This was further supported by the UV-vis DRS analyses, which revealed a decrease in bandgap (to 2.73 eV) of the composite material and led to enhanced light utilization and improved photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the effects of pH, composite dosage, and initial concentration on the removal of TC were thoroughly examined, which resulted in a maximum removal efficiency of 95.3% under optimal conditions. Additionally, five consecutive cycle tests demonstrated an exceptional reusability and stability of the composite material. As a result of the experiments, the active species verified that ·O2− played a key role in the photodegradation of TC. Four possible degradation pathways of TC were then proposed. As a general conclusion, the TiO2/p–BC composite can be used as an efficient photocatalyst in the removal of TC from aqueous solutions.
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Gynecologic Oncology: A MITO-MaNGO Survey
Authors: Mongelli Michele , Lorusso Domenica , Zanagnolo Vanna , Pignata Sandro , Colombo Nicoletta , Cormio Gennaro
Published: May 2024

Cancer-associated thrombosis is the second leading cause of death in cancer patients, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. This survey was aimed at gathering information regarding the management of thromboembolic prophylaxis within the MITO (Multicenter Italian Trials in Ovarian Cancer)-MaNGO (Mario Negri Gynecologic Oncology) groups. We designed a self-administered, multiple-choice online questionnaire available only for MITO-MaNGO members for one month, starting in May 2022 and ending in June 2022. We processed one response form per center, and 50 responses were analyzed, with most of the respondents (78%) over 40 years old. We found that 82% of them consider thromboembolic prophylaxis in gynecologic oncology to be relevant. In 82% of the centers, a standardized protocol on venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis is used, which is applied to both patients undergoing surgery and those undergoing chemotherapy. In the remaining 18% of centers, prophylaxis is used exclusively for patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Prophylaxis of patients undergoing surgery and chemotherapy treatment is managed in most cases by the surgeon (72%) and oncologist (76%), respectively. Only 26% of respondents use a thromboembolic risk assessment scale, and of these, those used are the Caprini Score (6%), Khorana Score (6%), and Wells Score (2%). The respondents have good knowledge of low-molecular-weight heparin (90%) and average knowledge of dicumarolics (40%), direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) (68%), and antiplatelet agents (40%). The results of our survey indicate that there is a good awareness of thromboembolic prophylaxis in gynecologic oncology. Nevertheless, it is used less in outpatients than in patients undergoing surgery. Moreover, the thromboembolic risk assessment scores are barely used.