bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O perfil do agressor sexual infantil: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Santos Alaniane Souza Freire , Mesquita Ana Catarina Correia
Published: February 2020

Este artigo diz respeito a uma revisão bibliográfica acerca do perfil psicológico do agressor sexual infantil, sobre as influencias negligentes ambientais, fatores familiares e culturais que na infância desperta o ser ao ato futuro de ofensa sexual como busca de alívio e prazer. Objetivo: Nesta análise, procurou-se entender a sua construção biopsicossocial desde a infância até a prática da violência. Métodos: por meio de discussão de literatura dos materiais aqui citados retirados de plataformas pontuadas no decorrer deste estudo. Resultados: através das apresentações de diversos olhares de estudiosos acerca do violento sexual contra crianças, analisando até mesmo o seu pensamento sobre a vítima, entendendo também que o ato ocorre em diversas classes sociais. Conclusão: Muitos estudos investigam a vítima, poucos estudam o agressor sexual infantil, neste contexto está a importância de averiguar a formação do perfil psicológico do ofendedor, pois esta área ainda é carente de estudo.
Psicologia da Educação: análise do estatuto espistemológico
Authors: Regert Rodrigo , Machado dos Santos Adelcio
Published: February 2020

A Psicologia consiste na Ciência Humana devotada à persecução de recursos os quais possibilitem a compreensão do homem através de seu comportamento, facilitando, assim, a convivência consigo mesmo e com o outro. Ela se diferencia das demais ciências humanas por ter como objeto o estudo da subjetividade: é esse seu modo particular, específico de contribuição para a compreensão da totalidade da vida humana. A Psicologia da Educação é um dos ramos da Psicologia voltado estritamente ao estudo de problemas psíquicos relacionados à educação, em especial, problemas de aprendizagem, motivação e ajustamento escolar. Visa, precipuamente, a compreender e aperfeiçoar os fenômenos de ensino e aprendizagem. Diante disso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo verificar a importância que a Psicologia da Educação tem durante os problemas no fenômeno da aprendizagem. Para esse fim, nos aspectos metodológicos foi utilizada natureza básica, abordagem qualitativa, sendo caracterizada como pesquisa exploratória e bibliográfica. Concluiu-se que a Psicologia da Educação tem contribuído de forma efetiva na renovação dos métodos de ensino, na modificação das formas de aprendizagem e nos objetivos educacionais e, para que o educador possa compreender o desenvolvimento do processo de aprendizagem no educando, é de fundamental importância que ele tenha uma formação adequada na área da Psicologia da Educação. Somente com base nos conhecimentos sobre a maneira como se desenvolve a aprendizagem é que o educador poderá compreender o educando nas situações de dificuldade. Por fim, para tornar-se um educador especialista e eficiente requer tempo e experiência.
Características da família dos estudantes associadas ao desempenho acadêmico no exame nacional de desempenho dos estudantes (ENADE)
Authors: Medeiros Filho Antonio Evanildo Cardoso de , Silva Lucas Souza , Pontes Junior José Airton de Freitas
Published: February 2020

Com a expansão do Ensino Superior no Brasil, especialmente a partir da década de 1990, cresce a importância de se realizar pesquisas com a intenção de compreender os fatores que podem estar associadas ao desempenho acadêmico. Considerando que as variáveis relacionadas ao desempenho acadêmico são de natureza multifatorial, o objetivo do estudo foi associar o desempenho dos estudantes dos cursos de Licenciatura em Educação Física no Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes (ENADE) com as variáveis referentes às características das famílias dos estudantes. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório de abordagem quantitativa e transversal. Participaram do estudo 15.400 (26,52 ± 6,43 anos de idade). Para a coleta e análise dos dados, foram utilizados os microdados disponibilizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP), em especial as variáveis de desempenho na prova e as questões do questionário socioeconômico dos estudantes. Os resultados obtidos apontaram que os estudantes, na qual obtiveram um melhor desempenho foram os que na sua grade familiar, discorre de integrantes que possuem cursos de Pós-Graduação e Ensino Superior, bem como os que fizeram uso de alojamentos e instalações universitárias disponibilizadas pelas Instituições de Ensino. A partir desses e outros achados, o estudo pode contribuir para uma maior reflexão e reformulação, criação e adaptação de Políticas Educacionais a respeito do problema investigado.
Automutilação de adolescentes: um estudo de caso em escola pública de Fortaleza
Authors: Bastos Elaine Marinho
Published: February 2020

A automutilação na adolescência tem ganho atenção de pesquisadores, no entanto o fenômeno ainda é pouco estudado e divulgado em produções científicas, sendo necessária mais ampla pesquisa no intuito de desenvolver ações de prevenção à automutilação. A pesquisa foi realizada em escola pública de Fortaleza, aplicando grupo focal com professores e diretora da escola e os dados encontrados analisadas em seu conteúdo, qualitativamente, trazendo uma maior abrangência, suas características e interfaces, apontando que as condições em que ocorrem a automutilação precisam ser compreendidas a partir dos condicionantes histórico-sociais que perpassam pela experiência de ser adolescente na atualidade. As categorias de discussão foram: As condições do fenômeno, Perfil do adolescer e automutilação e Características da automutilação. Diante da realidade exposta na pesquisa aponta-se a necessidade de ampliar e aprofundar pesquisas sobre a realidade desse contexto por uma variedade de situações e contingências biológicas, familiares, culturais, sociais e históricas.
Diversidade linguística e a noção de adequação aplicada ao ensino da escrita no processo de alfabetização
Authors: Saraiva Geiza Gimenes , Sousa Stefânia Nunes de
Published: February 2020

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar os reflexos da noção de adequação no ensino da escrita, durante o processo de alfabetização. Para isso, buscou i) levantar a noção de adequação nos PCNs de Língua Portuguesa; ii) relacionar a noção de adequação com o fenômeno da variação linguística; e iii) discutir a escrita no processo de alfabetização na sua relação com o letramento. Para tanto, adotou a pesquisa bibliográfica, sob a forma de estudo bibliográfico. Os resultados demonstraram que a escrita não deve estar vinculada à noção de adequação, uma vez que a escrita é heterogênea, assim como a linguagem, de modo que reflete os usos que o falante faz da língua nas suas distintas realizações. Logo priorizar uma única variedade linguística para atender às exigências fundadas na variedade culta da língua é desconsiderar as práticas sociais de leitura e escrita que a criança leva para escola, além de negligenciar a diversidade linguística que se vivencia nesse espaço, lugar fundamentalmente plural. Assim, adequar é discriminar, ignorar a pluralidade social, cultural e linguística. É, portanto, excluir.

Palavras-chave: Escrita. Alfabetização. Adequação. Heterogeneidade. Variação linguística.
Percepção do idoso institucionalizado sobre o processo do envelhecimento: um estudo no município de Gurupi-TO
Authors: Martins Érica Sousa , Vieira Regiane Sabino , Andrade Ana Caroline de , Barcelos Lucas Gomes , Silva Jeann Bruno Ferreira da
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: Compreender como os idosos institucionalizados na Casa do Idoso de Gurupi - TO vivenciam as perdas naturais decorrentes do processo de envelhecimento. Método: a pesquisa foi realizada durante período aproximado de 02 meses, totalizando 05 encontros, um com cada idoso. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa. Os critérios de inclusão foram: institucionalização na Casa do Idoso de Gurupi - TO no período mínimo de seis meses; compreensão do que ouve e capacidade de verbalizar; assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido – TCLE; e capacidade de conclusão da entrevista. Excluíram-se do estudo os idosos que não estiveram em conformidade com os critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Compreendeu-se que os idosos da instituição, vivenciando o luto diante dos declínios físicos, cognitivos e sociais, reconhecem a importância dos cuidados oferecidos pela equipe multiprofissional local, tais como auxílio na alimentação e administração de medicamentos. Porém, notam a falta da assistência familiar, desconhecem a sua medicação, sentem sofrimento físico, psíquico e sentimentos de invalidez. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa possibilitou compreensão sobre a percepção do idoso acerca das perdas naturais decorrentes do processo do envelhecimento. Sugere-se pesquisas sobre o processo do envelhecimento afim de contribuir para realização de ações voltadas à promoção do envelhecimento ativo.
Subjetividades e juventudes campestres: constituição de sentidos subjetivos por um jovem do campo
Authors: Lopes Leandro Bicalho , Reis Lílian Perdigão Caixêta , Celestino Sáhira Michele da Silva
Published: February 2020

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a constituição de sentidos subjetivos de jovens do campo acerca de si mesmo. Para tanto, adotou-se a epistemologia qualitativa de Gonzalez Rey e metodologia no modelo construtivo-interptretativo. Os instrumentos para construção da informação foram grupo focal, entrevista semiestruturada, e os mapas afetivos. Foram selecionados 11 (onze) participantes- jovens do campo da cidade de Cajuri-MG que estudam na zona urbana- sendo que se utilizou o estudo de caso de um deles. Assim, apoiados na perspectiva teórica dos sentidos subjetivos, os resultados revelaram uma concepção de juventude pautada na ideia de experimentação da vida ao mesmo tempo em que se considera a importância dos estudos nesse processo. As limitações impostas pela falta de acesso às políticas públicas e aos direitos sociais no campo fazem surgir sentimentos de inferioridade em relação a ele. Reflete-se ainda sobre a construção de projetos de vida destes jovens, pautados na cultura urbana, em busca do reconhecimento social, em detrimento a desvalorização social da cultura campestre, uma vez que, o modelo socialmente construído de jovem e juventude estão relacionados aos padrões da classe média urbana. Assim, a partipante acredita que a melhoria de vida está relacionada à migração para a zona urbana.
O impacto do medo nas relações interpessoais
Authors: Araujo Gabriela Monteiro de , Brecht Albertini Maria Regina
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: É significativo estudar como o medo impacta as relações interpessoais a partir de memórias que podem recriar sensações vividas anteriormente. A sociedade contemporânea estimula os sujeitos a eliminar experiências traumáticas e obter controle das circunstâncias da vida. Com isso, as relações interpessoais têm sido baseadas em responder às necessidades do sujeito em detrimento do compromisso para com o outro. Objetivo: Explorar como o medo impacta nas relações interpessoais. Método: Estudo exploratório com análise qualitativa dos dados. Foram realizadas 5 entrevistas semiestruturadas com psicólogos clínicos que atendem o público adulto. Resultados: O medo manifesta-se principalmente por sintomas de angústia e ansiedade no contexto clínico. Os sujeitos se pautam na sensação de experiências anteriores e acabam pré-determinando a sensação de situações ainda não vividas. É mantido, portanto, um padrão de comportamento que gera um padrão nos relacionamentos. A clínica, portanto, poderá proporcionar o desenvolvimento do “eu” para que se alcance a integração. Conclusão: O indivíduo pautado pelo medo estará sujeito a viver um distanciamento da autenticidade e originalidade das vinculações. O ciclo de repetição se manterá e promoverá a estagnação do sujeito frente ao movimento de ir ao encontro de novas vivências e relações. Com isso, é importante que o psicólogo clínico se atente ao medo e ao contexto sociocultural para proporcionar o fortalecimento do sujeito.
Elementos para uma estética engajada: a função social da arte
Authors: Prates João Batista Magalhães
Published: February 2020

O presente texto trata do esboço de uma nova proposta de teoria literária (e artística em geral), que propõe uma axiomática para a prática artística, que congregue todos os praticantes da escrita, todos os artistas, no trabalho conjunto da construção da utopia, realizando a libertação humana plena pelo espírito, enquanto essa possibilidade está vedada ao acesso material, preparando-nos para o seu acesso, num futuro sempre por vir, por construir, cultural e materialmente. Baseamo-nos na teoria bergsoniana para esboçar uma proposta de normatização do bom e do belo, vinculada às suas reflexões morais. Aqui a “boa” arte se delineia sob outro ponto de vista, recuperada da descrença relativista da modernidade, que desmascarou os mecanismos ideológicos nela contidos até então. Feita a redução ao absoluto, cabe voltarmos ao movimento inverso da construção, à luz das descobertas recentes, para que fujamos da subjetividade pura em sua tentativa de definição.
Feasibility and Face Validity of Outcome Measures for Use in Future Studies of Polymyalgia Rheumatica: An OMERACT Study
Authors: Yates Max , Owen Claire E. , Muller Sara , Graham Karly , Neill Lorna , Twohig Helen , Boers Maarten , Pujades Rodriguez Mar , Goodman Susan M. , Cheah Jonathan , Dejaco Christian , Mukhtyar Chetan , Nielsen Berit Dalsgaard , Robson Joanna , Simon Lee S. , Shea Beverley , Mackie Sarah L. , Hill Catherine L.
Published: February 2020

Objective.

To survey participants with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) to evaluate the face validity, acceptability, and domain match of proposed candidate outcome measures.

Methods.

A structured, online, anonymous survey was disseminated by patient support groups through their networks and online forums. The candidate outcome measures comprised (1) visual analog scale (VAS) and numerical rating score (NRS) to assess pain; (2) VAS, NRS, and duration to assess stiffness; (3) the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire and Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index to assess physical function; and (4) C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate to assess inflammation. Free-text answers were analyzed using descriptive thematic analysis to determine respondents’ views of the candidate instruments.

Results.

Seventy-eight people with PMR from 6 countries (UK, France, USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand) participated in the survey. Most respondents agreed candidate instruments were acceptable or “good to go.” Free-text analysis identified 5 themes that participants considered inadequately covered by the proposed instruments. These related to (1) the variability, context, and location of pain; (2) the variability of stiffness; (3) fatigue; (4) disability; and (5) the correlation of inflammatory marker levels and severity of symptoms, sometimes reflecting disease activity and other times not.

Conclusion.

Participants reported additional aspects of their experience that are not covered by the proposed instruments, particularly for the experience of stiffness and effect of fatigue. New patient-reported outcome measures are required to increase the relevance of results from clinical trials to patients with PMR.
Patterns of Healthcare Use and Medication Adherence among Youth with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus during Transfer from Pediatric to Adult Care
Authors: Chang Joyce C. , Knight Andrea M. , Lawson Erica F.
Published: February 2020

Objective.

Youth with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) transferring from pediatric to adult care are at risk for poor outcomes. We describe patterns of rheumatology/nephrology care and changes in healthcare use and medication adherence during transfer.

Methods.

We identified youth ages 15–25 with SLE using US private insurance claims from Optum’s deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart. Rheumatology/nephrology visit patterns were categorized as (1) unilateral transfers to adult care within 12 months, (2) overlapping pediatric and adult visits, (3) lost to followup, or (4) continuing pediatric care. We used negative binomial regression and paired t tests to estimate changes in healthcare use and medication possession ratios (MPR) after the last pediatric (index) visit. We compared MPR between youth who transferred and age-matched peers continuing pediatric care.

Results.

Of the 184 youth transferred out of pediatric care, 41.8% transferred unilaterally, 31.5% had overlapping visits over a median of 12 months before final transfer, and 26.6% were lost to followup. We matched 107 youth continuing pediatric care. Overall, ambulatory care use decreased among those lost to followup. Acute care use decreased across all groups. MPR after the index date were lower in youth lost to followup (mean 0.24) compared to peers in pediatric care (mean 0.57, p < 0.001).

Conclusion.

Youth with SLE with continuous private insurance coverage do not use more acute care after transfer to adult care. However, a substantial proportion fail to see adult subspecialists within 12 months and have worse medication adherence, placing them at higher risk for adverse outcomes.
The Ankylosing Spondylitis Performance Index: Reliability and Feasibility of an Objective Test for Physical Functioning
Authors: van Bentum Rianne E. , Ibáñez Vodnizza Sebastian E. , Poblete de la Fuente Maria P. , Valenzuela Aldridge Francisca , Navarro-Compán Victoria , Rusman Tamara R. , ter Wee Marieke M. , Valenzuela Letelier Omar , van Weely Salima F. E. , van der Horst-Bruinsma Irene E.
Published: February 2020

Objective

Physical function in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is currently evaluated through questionnaires. The Ankylosing Spondylitis Performance Index (ASPI) is a performance-based measure for physical functioning, which has been validated in Dutch patients with radiographic (r−) axSpA. The interrater reliability has not yet been determined. To our knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate the validity, reliability, and feasibility of the ASPI in another patient population, including both r− and nonradiographic (nr−) axSpA patients.

Methods

Patients with axSpA were recruited from rheumatology clinics in Santiago, Chile. Dutch instructions were translated to Spanish by a forward-backward procedure. Study visits were performed at baseline and 1–4 weeks later. Four ASPI observers were involved, measuring the performance times of the 3 ASPI tests. Validity was assessed through a patient questionnaire (numeric rating scale 0–10: ≥ 6 sufficient). For reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated (with 95% CI). Correlations between the ASPI and disease variables were tested with regression analyses.

Results

Sixty-eight patients were included (57% male, 52% r-axSpA). All patients understood the Spanish instructions and considered the ASPI to reach its aim (84%) and representativeness (85%) for physical functioning. The overall interrater (n = 62) and test-retest (n = 39) reliability (ICC) of the 3 tests combined were 0.93 (0.88–0.96) and 0.94 (0.87–0.97), respectively. Eighty-two percent of the patients completed all tests and 94% finished in < 15 min (feasibility).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated a high validity and feasibility in an entirely different population, with both r-axSpA and nr-axSpA. The interrater and test-retest reliability was excellent. The ASPI instructions are now available for Spanish-speaking patients.
Decoupling and essential effects of lean management on job satisfaction, health and depression. A mixed methods approach.
Authors: Bouville Gregor , Schmidt Céline
Published: February 2020

La littérature analyse les effets du lean management sur la satisfaction au travail et la santé en termes de découplage ou d’effets intrinsèques. Cependant, ces études donnent une compréhension partielle du phénomène en considérant ces deux effets séparément tout en n’expliquant pas les processus qui sous-tendent ces effets. Le but de cet article est de prendre en considération ces deux propositions concurrentes dans la littérature et d’en préciser leurs effets. Le choix d’une approche par les méthodes mixtes permet d’articuler une étude qualitative (une étude de cas) avec une étude quantitative (à l’aide d’une analyse statistique basée sur l’enquête nationale SUMER 2016-2017 auprès de 26 494 employés). Nous montrons que des effets sur la satisfaction au travail et la santé résultent à la fois d’un effet de découplage et d’effets intrinsèques du lean. La première contribution de cet article est de prendre en considération le lean comme un ensemble de principes organisationnels, de caractéristiques dans l’organisation du travail, et d’outils de gestion construits autour d’une logique de rationalisation ( lean bundle , lean groupé ). Cette clarification théorique permet de mettre en lumière la manière dont le découplage entre le lean théorique et son application peut être associé à l’insatisfaction au travail et aux problèmes de santé des salariés. Une deuxième contribution consiste à identifier et préciser un effet intrinsèquement négatif du lean bundle sur la santé des salariés via une intensification du travail. De plus, nous constatons qu’un des principes de base du lean – le « juste-à-temps » –, ainsi que deux caractéristiques d’organisation du travail – la standardisation du travail et le management de la qualité – peuvent être associés à des problèmes de santé et de dépression.
Que retenir de l’aventure de Nokia dans les mobiles ?
Authors: Doz Yves
Published: February 2020

En une douzaine d’années, Nokia a connu une ascension éclatante, suivie d’un effondrement tragique. Ses dirigeants surent saisir l’opportunité du développement des communications mobiles et mettre en place une chaîne de création de valeur capable de grandir très rapidement. Cependant, l’analyse des décisions prises entre 2003 et 2008 illustre comment des dimensions organisationnelles, relationnelles et émotionnelles se sont combinées pour condamner Nokia. L’entreprise sera ensuite incapable de faire face à ses nouveaux concurrents…
Ne plus voir la mort comme un échec mais comme un accomplissement
Authors: Cinquin Amaury
Published: February 2020

Lorsqu’un jeune étudiant en médecine décide de vivre, de l’intérieur, les joies et les peines d’un service de soins palliatifs, il fait un choix difficile. À distance de l’impératif thérapeutique, partant à la découverte des aspérités d’une humanité en suspens, Amaury Cinquin livre à Laennec une expérience forte. Durant ces semaines, il s’est exercé à l’empathie, a découvert des souffrances apparemment sans issue. Il s’est attaché à comprendre en quoi une certaine organisation institutionnelle permet à tous, soignants et patients, de mieux vivre des situations difficiles. Prenant du recul sur ses études et sa future pratique, il a quitté la Maison Jeanne-Garnier avec un autre regard sur la mort.
Faut-il avoir de la compassion pour les personnes handicapées ?
Authors: Clermidy P. Pierre
Published: February 2020

La revue Laennec se propose de traiter régulièrement une question posée à Marseille aux étudiants de L2 médecine dans le cadre de l’examen de l’option « Santé, société et humanité ». Il ne s’agit pas d’un corrigé d’annales à proprement parler, mais de pistes pour une réponse possible.
Les anciennes carrières de la ville de Morlaix et de ses abords
Authors: Chauris Louis
Published: February 2020

Le développement précoce de Morlaix a nécessité l'ouverture de nombreuses carrières tant dans la cité même qu'aux environs. Les roches extraites, de nature fort diverses (schistes zébrés, granite et microgranite albitique, microgranite porphyrique, quartzites, syénite quartzifère, schistes tégulaires, grès…) reflètent la complexité du sous-sol local. Aujourd'hui, toutes les carrières sont abandonnées, ce qui n'est pas sans poser de problèmes lors des travaux de restauration des monuments de la ville.
La métallurgie du fer sur le Massif armoricain aux époques médiévale et moderne : entre ruptures, innovations et traditions métallurgiques
Authors: Le Carlier de Veslud Cécile
Published: February 2020

Le Massif armoricain est une région très riche en minerais de fer dont les gisements sont de nature et d’ampleur variées. Leur exploitation a été très précoce, dès le début de l’âge du Fer, et s’est poursuivie jusqu’à la fin du xxe siècle. L’approche pluri-disciplinaire intégrant des sources documentaires anciennes, des prospections thématiques, des fouilles d’ateliers métallurgiques ainsi que des études archéométriques réalisées sur les déchets, montre clairement que les productions ont été jusqu’alors fortement sous-estimées pour l’époque médiévale alors qu’elles étaient probablement de grande importance. Elles diffèrent cependant en termes de technologie et d’organisation sociale selon les périodes concernées, la production diffuse du haut Moyen Âge laissant la place à une production plus massive au Moyen Âge central et au Moyen Âge tardif. Cette exploitation inscrite dans la durée a profondément modifié le paysage engendrant des transformations topographiques importantes qui ont pu conduire à l’abandon de terrains accidentés et à des déforestations intenses aux périodes de plus forte activité.
La sainte, l’Écossais et l’espion
Authors: Léthenet Benoît
Published: February 2020

Sainte Catherine est connue dès le xiiie siècle pour être la sainte des prisonniers. Une notice du manuscrit conservant ses miracles (ms. fr. 1 045) relate son intervention miraculeuse pour épargner la vie de Michel Hamilton, un écuyer écossais. Depuis l’Auld Alliance (1295), des contingents écossais participent à la défense du royaume de France. Arrivé à La Rochelle, probablement entre 1426 et 1428, Michel Hamilton pourrait être un parent de Jean Stuart de Darnley. En poste à Vallet, entre Clisson et La Regrippière, le contingent écossais est espionné par les Bretons. Au xve siècle cette pratique se normalise et s’institutionnalise dans toutes les cours d’Europe. L’espion clissonnais n’est d’ailleurs qu’un rouage d’un ensemble plus vaste qui travaille à la circulation de l’information et à la conservation de la ville. Clergé séculier, clergé régulier et messagers sont à l’œuvre. Sauvé par sainte Catherine, livré à l’abbesse de La Regrippière, Michel Hamilton rejoint le camp français échappant ainsi au trafic de prisonniers.
Les circulations maritimes et commerciales dans la rade de Lorient, 1680-1780
Authors: Toussaint Frédéric
Published: February 2020

À Hennebont, les années 1660-1780 sont marquées par une érosion de l'activité commerciale maritime qui s'inscrit dans un phénomène bien plus vaste de déclassement progressif des petits ports de fond d'estuaire. Mais, pour Hennebont, ce déclin s’opère au profit d’une nouvelle voisine, Lorient, dont l'irruption vient bouleverser les circuits de la rade, redéfinissant les échanges, les flux, les flottes… De nouvelles dynamiques de complémentarité se mettent en place dans la rade, favorisant l’émergence d’une activité batelière, faisant évoluer le sens des circulations des navires à l’intérieur de ce grand bassin naturel ainsi que les stratégies développées par les caboteurs impliqués dans des trajets plus longs. Hennebont se positionne progressivement au cœur de l'aire portuaire dominée par Lorient qui assèche ses secteurs d'activité traditionnels en les détournant à son profit, mais ce port conserve une certaine autonomie en se recentrant sur ses points forts, notamment l'exportation de céréales, avec un horizon commercial toutefois plus restreint qu’auparavant, allant du sud de la Bretagne au golfe de Gascogne. La petite cité arrive aussi à maintenir des liens avec l'aire portuaire nantaise, un de ses partenaires historiques.
Les procédures d’avaries dans l’amirauté de Lorient (1782-1791)
Authors: Coindet Sylvain
Published: February 2020

Si le naufrage constitue l’acmé dans la hiérarchie des risques maritimes, il constitue également l’essentiel dans l’étude des accidents maritimes. Pour autant, si la perte totale d’un bâtiment constitue un drame humain, une catastrophe économique et une question de droit, le traitement des dommages survenus sur un navire ou sa cargaison durant un voyage révèlent que le principe de la division du risque était appliqué au transport maritime et que les modalités en étaient encadrées par des modalités juridiques particulières.Le présent article se propose, à travers le prisme des procédures d’avaries instruites entre 1782 et 1791 par l’amirauté de Lorient, de présenter l’activité de cette institution en la matière, ceci dans le contexte du commerce maritime de la Compagnie des Indes en cette fin de xviiie siècle. L’action de l’amirauté en matière de droit maritime, basée sur l’Ordonnance de la Marine de 1681, atteste du rôle des « experts » dans le règlement des contentieux juridico-maritimes, mêlant armateurs, marchands-chargeurs et assureurs. Il s’agit en effet, par le biais d’une procédure normalisée, de permettre la continuité du commerce par voie de mer en s’appuyant sur le droit, à partir d’expertises pratiquées à bord des navires ayant eu à subir une avarie.
Les chanteurs du Barzaz-Breiz à la lumière des carnets de collecte de La Villemarqué
Authors: Péron Goulven
Published: February 2020

Depuis 1926, les recherches sur les chanteurs de La Villemarqué ont toujours constitué un sujet d’étude fortement lié à la question de l’authenticité des chants du Barzaz-Breiz. L’existence des chanteurs cités par le collecteur de Nizon ne prouvait certes pas l’authenticité de ces chants mais suggérait l’existence d’un matériau véritablement collecté à partir duquel La Villemarqué avait taillé ses « diamants ». L’analyse par Donatien Laurent dans les années 1960-1970 du premier carnet de collecte de La Villemarqué et des Tables des matières établies par sa mère avait permis de lever une partie du voile sur les chanteurs des environs de Nizon. La publication récente des deux derniers carnets de voyages apporte désormais une lumière nouvelle sur les chanteurs des pièces les plus suspectes du recueil en confirmant notamment le caractère fictif d’un grand nombre d’entre eux.
Un vrai faux-Suisse entre Bretagne et Loire en 1944 : Claude Jaeger, alias le colonel Michelin
Authors: Weiss Stéphane
Published: February 2020

De juin à novembre 1944, Claude Jaeger, alias le colonel Michelin, a été commandant des Forces françaises de l’Intérieur de la région clandestine M, regroupant la Bretagne, les Pays de la Loire et une partie de la Normandie. Son rôle effectif reste peu étudié et discuté, voire méconnu à l’image de mentions bibliographiques désignant à tort Claude Jaeger comme un ressortissant suisse. Cet article propose d’exposer son parcours au sein de la Région M, en croisant ses témoignages livrés après-guerre et les archives de 1944 évoquant son activité : un parcours complexe, fait d’impasses comme de réussites, directement influencées par les contraintes de la clandestinité et les luttes politiques.
Cardiac Surgery: Beyond Conventional Sternotomy With Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Wahl Sharon
Published: February 2020

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery options, which originated with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and aortic valve procedures, continue to evolve in order to address complex conditions, including those requiring mitral and tricuspid valve repair. Although these procedures are primarily indicated for high-risk patient populations, favorable patient outcomes have resulted in recommendations being expanded to include intermediate-risk groups. This article increases nursing-related knowledge of minimally invasive cardiac procedures, providing an overview of current minimally invasive cardiac surgeries and their associated risks and benefits.
Preventing Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Snyder Megan D. , Priestley Margaret A. , Weiss Michelle , Hoegg Cindy L. , Plachter Natalie , Ardire Sarah , Thompson Allison
Published: February 2020

Background

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are common health care–associated infections and have been associated with increased mortality, morbidity, length of stay, and cost. Prevention strategies are grouped into bundles focused on reducing unnecessary catheter use and promptly removing urinary catheters. Before intervention in the study institution, no urinary catheters were unnecessarily used and compliance with the catheter-associated urinary tract infection bundle was 84%.

Objective

To increase bundle compliance by using targeted rounds specifically focused on eliminating dependent loops in drainage tubing and ensuring appropriate catheter use to reduce the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections.

Methods

A multidisciplinary team was formed to identify misperceptions, highlight best practices, and eliminate barriers to success over 1 year in a single pediatric intensive care unit. The team completed a quality improvement project of daily targeted rounding for patients with an indwelling urinary catheter. The goals were to assess appropriateness of catheterization, increase bundle compliance, and decrease catheter-associated urinary tract infection risk. Targeted rounds were conducted in addition to the medical team rounds.

Results

Bundle compliance supported by targeted rounding increased from 84% to 93% and helped reduce the overall catheter-associated urinary tract infection rate from 2.7 infections per 1000 catheter-days at baseline to 0. This change was sustained for 1 year.

Conclusion

Targeted rounding for pediatric patients with an indwelling urinary catheter is an effective and sustainable strategy to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections. The ease of implementation for this intervention lends itself to generalizability to other patient populations.
Effect of Eye Masks on Pain and Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mahran Ghada Shalaby , Leach Matthew J. , Abbas Mostafa Samy , Abbas Ahmed M. , Ghoneim Ahmed Mohamed
Published: February 2020

Background

Impaired sleep is a common complaint among patients undergoing major surgery and may be a contributing factor in postoperative pain. The provision of eye masks to patients after cardiac surgery may reduce postoperative pain through improvements in sleep quality.

Objective

To examine the effect of nocturnal eye masks on postoperative pain and sleep quality in cardiac surgical patients.

Methods

In this randomized controlled trial, 70 adult patients who had undergone cardiac surgery requiring immediate postoperative care in the intensive care unit were randomly assigned to sleep with or without nocturnal eye masks for the first 3 nights in the unit. A visual analog scale was used to assess pain intensity, and the Arabic version of the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire was used to assess subjective sleep quality.

Results

A total of 66 patients completed the trial. A statistically significant difference was found between groups in mean total Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire score over the 3-day study period (P = .001), with the intervention group reporting better sleep quality. A statistically significant difference was also found between groups in mean pain score on days 1, 2, and 3 (P < .001), with the intervention group having less pain.

Conclusion

Nocturnal eye masks are a simple, low-risk, low-cost intervention that may contribute to reductions in perceived pain in cardiac surgery patients.
Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia: Recognition and Modern Management Strategies
Authors: Catton Kirsti G. , Peterson Jennifer K.
Published: February 2020

Junctional ectopic tachycardia is a common dysrhythmia after congenital heart surgery that is associated with increased perioperative morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for development of junctional ectopic tachycardia include young age (neonatal and infant age groups); hypomagnesemia; higher-complexity surgical procedure, especially near the atrioventricular node or His bundle; and use of exogenous catecholamines such as dopamine and epinephrine. Critical care nurses play a vital role in early recognition of dysrhythmias after congenital heart surgery, assessment of hemodynamics affecting cardiac output, and monitoring the effects of antiarrhythmic therapy. This article reviews the underlying mechanisms of junctional ectopic tachycardia, incidence and risk factors, and treatment options. Currently, amiodarone is the pharmacological treatment of choice, with dexmedetomidine increasingly used because of its anti-arrhythmic properties and sedative effect.
Constitutional Rights and Social Welfare: Exploring Claims-Making Practices in Post-Apartheid South Africa
Authors: Taylor Whitney K.
Published: February 2020

When do individuals choose to advance legal claims to social welfare goods? To explore this question, I turn to the case of South Africa, where, despite the adoption of a "transformative" constitution in 1996, access to social welfare goods remains sorely lacking. Drawing on an original
551-person survey, I examine patterns of legal claims-making, focusing on beliefs individuals hold about the law, rights, and the state, and how those beliefs relate to decisions about whether and how to make claims. I find striking differences between the factors that influence when people
say they should file a legal claim and when they actually do so. The way that individuals interpret their own material conditions and neighborhood context are important, yet under-acknowledged, factors for explaining claims-making.
Numeracy as Social Practice: Global and Local Perspectives
Authors: Yasukawa Keiko , Evans Jeff
Published: February 2020

Edited by Keiko Yasukawa, Alan Rogers, Kara Jackson and Brian Street

Routledge, London and New York, 2018, 260 pages.

ISBN 9781138284449
ELECTRUM-G, A Tangible Coin Actualization Schema: Patents for Casting, Forensics and Trade Options
Authors: Zisopoulos Efi Tsiatsiou Athanasios , Spinthiropoulos Konstantinos , Georganakis Panagiotis
Published: February 2020

Our interdisciplinary research concluded with a new member of the ancient Electrum family of golden coins: the ELECTRUM-G coin. It is golden representing an actual value with metal abnormalities to give a universal traceable RID and a modern engravement and other forgery fighting attributes and associated electronics. Other ELECTRUM-G characteristics are ; A tangible item with the form of a coin or sphere; there is a coin engravement with a QR code pointing the Electrum Ecosystem (www.electrum.gr). Four different patents are prepared for the project needs: a unique QR code stamping; a RID code casting; a two-layer gold foundry with RID intermediate layer; and a professional electronics simple spectrometer to read and report the RID code. Two Electrum narrative examples are given for ELECTRUM-G use and forensics, a nouvelle with the happy Electrum traveler and the lyrics of a song defining the “thin line between love and hate”. Finally, as inspired scientists we reverse the ELECTRUM Universe with an old story of “Stop RFID” and the beast (665+1) endangerment. Our research and product headlines faced also two contradictory intra-co-operating design aspects: the personal interest of the Electrum-G coin owner and the Public interest of civil and national security.
The Effect of Age and Position on Favor Asking
Authors: Alshehri Rana Mohammed
Published: February 2020

This study investigated the speech act of asking for a favor in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age and position in a favor asking etiquette. The researcher used a qualitative method to collect the data. The participants of this research were 51 female and 53 male high school students who were native speakers of Arabic in Saudi Arabia. The research tool was a questionnaire which was used to get the participants' reaction about a favor asking. This research was meant to find significant information about favor asking etiquette in KSA for males and females. The results showed that Saudi females and males are polite and indirect when they ask for a favor from their elders. The results also showed that most Saudi females and some of the Saudi males prefer to be indirect while asking a favor from their peers. Based on the results, a set of recommendations were made.
Blockholder Ownership as Governance Mechanism on Firm Performance: Evidence From Malaysia
Authors: Ibrahimy Ahmad Ibn , Ahmad Rubi
Published: February 2020

We examined the relationship between blockholder ownership and firm performance in the context of high concentrated ownership in Malaysia coupled with weak regulatory framework. Blockholder ownership is used as monitoring device to verify the significant role in managerial decisions accordance with maximizing shareholders’ wealth. Consequently, blockholders may have personal incentive to the expropriation of minority shareholders’ wealth by exercising their corporate control. We found a positive significant relationship with small effect of beta coefficients by both market and accounting based measurements. The positive relationship of blockholders as institutions is the conformity of monitoring hypothesis. The results indicate a very week monitoring impact of blockholders on executives’ decisions that improve the firm performance by reducing the agency costs. Additionally, the significant low positive effect of profit volatility is representing the efficacy of blockholders until a certain level.
Identity Negotiation in Chinese University English Classroom
Authors: Zhou Nan
Published: February 2020

Through a theoretical framework that builds on the Community of Practice construct and the concepts of identity negotiation, imagined identity and investment, this case study examines how one English-as-a-foreign-language student negotiated the identity as an English learner in the Chinese university classroom setting. Then the extent that the student’s oral communication behaviors in the English classroom community were influenced by the negotiated identity is presented. The analysis shows that a student may have multiple identities in the educational setting. By constantly shifting identities in the English learning process, the focal student struggled with the English learner identity perceived by herself and that identified by her English teacher. As a result, the student’s investment in English class oral tasks and communication behaviors in EFL classroom may change with the shift of identities. Suggestions are made for EFL teachers to help students construct desirable identities in order to improve their involvement in English class oral communication activities.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 15 No. 2
Authors: Lee Stephen
Published: February 2020

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 15 No. 2, 2020
Barrelled Linearly Topologized Modules Over a Discrete Valuation Ring
Authors: Pombo Jr Dinamérico P. , Couto G. Mauro Patricia
Published: February 2020

In this paper barrelled linearly topologized modules over an arbitrary discrete valuation ring are introduced. A general form of the Banach-Steinhaus theorem for continuous linear mappings on barrelled linearly topologized modules is established and some consequences of it are derived.
Determination of Time-Dependent Coefficients in Time-Fractional Diffusion Equations by Variational Iteration Method
Authors: Li Mimi , Li Gongsheng , Li Zhiyuan , Jia Xianzheng
Published: February 2020

Inverse problems of determining time-dependent coefficients in partial differential equations are difficult to deal with in general cases. The variational iteration method is introduced to determine the time-dependent coefficient in the fractional diffusion equation as well as the solution of the forward problem. By utilizing the additional condition and the property of the fractional derivative, an expression of the unknown is derived by which a nonlinear dynamical differential equation is obtained. The variational iteration method is applied to solve the nonlinear system and the time-dependent coefficient can be reconstructed in a semi-analytical form. Such method can give explicit expression of the solution in the meaning of approximation, or exact solution to the inverse problem in some cases. Several examples are presented to demonstrate feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method for inverse time-dependent coefficient problems in the fractional diffusion equations.
Some Associated Curves of Normal Indicatrix of a Regular Curve
Authors: ECHABBI Nidal , CHAHDI Amina OUAZZANI
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we consider integral curves of a vector field generated by Frenet vectors of normal indicatrix of a given curve in Euclidean 3-space. We define some new associated curves such as evolute direction curves, Bertrand direction curves and Mannheim directon curves of the normal indicatrix of a regular curve, respectively. We also found the relationships between curvatures of these curves. By using these associated curves, we give a new approach to construct slant helices and C- slant helices. Finally, we present some examples.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of first-line tuberculosis drug concentrations and treatment outcomes
Authors: Perumal R. , Naidoo K. , Naidoo A. , Ramachandran G. , Requena-Mendez A. , Sekaggya-Wiltshire C. , Mpagama S. G. , Matteelli A. , Fehr J. , Heysell S. K. , Padayatchi N.
Published: February 2020

Low serum concentrations of first-line tuberculosis (TB) drugs have been widely reported. However, the impact of low serum concentrations on treatment outcome is less well studied. A systematic search of MEDLINE/Pubmed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to 31
March 2018 was conducted for articles describing drug concentrations of first-line TB drugs and treatment outcome in adult patients with drug-susceptible TB. The search identified 3073 unique publication abstracts, which were reviewed for suitability: 21 articles were acceptable for inclusion
in the qualitative analysis comprising 13 prospective observational cohorts, 4 retrospective observational cohorts, 1 case-control study and 3 randomised controlled trials. Data for meta-analysis were available for 15 studies, 13 studies of rifampicin (RMP), 10 of isoniazid (INH), 8 of pyrazinamide
(PZA) and 4 of ethambutol (EMB). This meta-analysis revealed that low PZA concentration appears to increase the risk of poor outcomes (8 studies, n = 2727; RR 1.73, 95%CI 1.10–2.72), low RMP concentrations may slightly increase the risk of poor outcomes (13 studies, n =
2753; RR 1.40, 95%CI 0.91–2.16), whereas low concentrations of INH (10 studies, n = 2640; RR 1.32, 95%CI 0.66–2.63) and EMB (4 studies, n = 551; RR 1.12, 95%CI 0.41–3.05) appear to make no difference to treatment outcome. There was no significant publication
bias or between-study heterogeneity in any of the analyses. The potential clinical impact of low concentrations of PZA and RMP warrants further evaluation. Also, comprehensive assessments of the complex pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships in the treatment of TB are urgently needed.