bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stopped-Flow Spectrophotometric Studies of the Kinetics of Interaction of Dihydroxyfumaric Acid with the DPPH Free Radical
Authors: Secara Natalia
Published: May 2021

The reaction of dihydroxyfumaric acid with the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was studied using the stopped-flow method, in order to describe the reaction kinetics. Dihydroxyfumaric acid reacts very rapidly with DPPH, the reaction being completed in several minutes. This 2-stoichiometric reaction proceeds in two stages, with reaction orders of 1 and 0.76 with respect to DPPH, and 0.5 and 0.3 with respect to DHF, respectively. The rate constant of the two stages of the reaction were found to be 39.1 (L/mol•s) and 0.0012 (s-1) at 20º C and pH 4.0.
Mercury Adsorption by Arthobacter Globiformis and Spirulina Platensis
Authors: Kalabegishvili T. L. , Murusidze I. , Pataraya D. T. , Ginturi E. , Frontasyeva M. V. , Kirkesali E. I. , Duca Gh. , Zinicovscaia I.
Published: May 2021

The increasing contamination of soil, sediment, and water with heavy metals by natural and industrial processes is a worldwide problem. Many bacteria and microalgae have demonstrated ability to absorb toxic elements. To study mercury biosorption by bacteria Arthrobacter globiformis and microalga Spirulina platensis neutron activation analysis (NAA) was applied. The process of mercury biosorption by these media was described by Freundlich and Langmuir-Freundlich Model. Both microorganisms showed a great potential to be used as biosorbing agents for mercury removal from the environment.
Temperature Influence on Phase Stability of Ethanol-Gasoline Mixtures
Authors: Cerempei Valerian
Published: May 2021

The article investigates phase stability of ethanol-gasoline mixtures depending on their composition, water concentration in ethanol and ethanol-gasoline mixture and temperature. There have been determined the perfect functioning conditions of spark ignition engines fueled with ethanol-gasoline mixtures.
Determination of Copper and Zinc in Mineral Waters by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Authors: Mitina Tatiana , Bondarenko Nadejda , Bunciuc Oxana
Published: May 2021

The content of copper and zinc in mineral waters were determined by atomic spectroscopy with preliminary extraction of metals. Validation of the technique was carried out by the method of standard additions and proved the reliability of analytical data.
Studies on the Antioxidant Activity of the Compound Enoxil and Its Related Forms
Authors: Lupaşcu Tudor , Gonţa Alexandru
Published: May 2021

The compound Enoxil is a mixture of polyphenols, esthers, and carboxylic acids, which could be involved in reducing the risk of diseases associated with oxidative stress. The results of the investigation of antioxidant activity for the compound Enoxil and its forms are presented in this paper. It can be concluded that acetone-Enoxil has a higher antioxidant activity that other tested compounds.
Pharmaceutical Amorphous Organic Materials Characterization by Using the Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
Authors: Dranca Ion , Povar Igor , Lupascu Tudor
Published: May 2021

This research has been carried out in order to demonstrate the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in detecting and measuring α- and β-relaxation processes in amorphous pharmaceutical systems. DSC has been employed to study amorphous samples of poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), indomethacin (InM), and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDA) that are annealed at temperature (Ta) around 0.8 of their glass transition temperature (Tg). Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is used to measure β- relaxation in PVP. Yet, the DSC has been used to study the glassy indomethacin aged at 0 and -10 oC for periods of time up to 109 and 210 days respectively. The results demonstrate the emergence of a small melting peak of the α-polymorph after aging for 69 days at 0°C and for 147 days at -10°C (i.e., ~55°C below the glass transition temperature) that provides evidence of nucleation occurring in the temperature region of the β-relaxation.
The Impact of Compositions from Hydrolytic Residues on Chernosem Solonets Fertility
Authors: Siuris Andrei
Published: May 2021

The results of different experimental modalities of residues from biochemical plants which function on the basis of hydrolysis (hydrolytic lignin, hydrolytic slime) as black soil solonets fertilizer and amendment are presented in the given paper. From the ecological and economic points of view, a new technology of chemical amelioration of alkaline soils with excessive administration of components from hydrolytic residues as soil ameliorators is founded.
Heavy Metals in the Ecosystem Components at "Degelen" Testing Ground of the Former Semipalatinsk Test Site
Authors: Yankauskas A.B. , Lukashenko S.N. , Amirov A.A. , Govenko P.V.
Published: May 2021

The ecological situation in the former Semipalatinsk test site is characterized by a combination of both radiative and "nonradiative" factors. There were investigated near-portal areas of the tunnels with water seepage at "Degelen" site. All the tunnel waters are characterized by higher concentrations of uranium, beryllium, and molybdenum. The watercourse of the tunnel # 504 is unique for its elemental composition, in particular, the content of rare earth elements, whose concentration in the water is in the range n*10-5 – n*10-7 %. Of all the rare earth elements in the samples were found 13, the concentrations of aluminum, manganese, zinc are comparable to the concentrations of macro-components. Concentration of 238U in the studied waters lie in the range of n*10-4 – n*10-6 %, which suggests the influence of uranium, not only as a toxic element, but its significance as the radiation factor.
Geochemistry of Atmospheric Dust on the Territory of the City of Yerevan
Authors: Saghatelyan Armen , Sahakyan Lilit , Belyaeva Olga
Published: May 2021

This research is focused on the level of heavy metal contents in dust of a near-ground layer of atmosphere. The dust load level was evaluated as medial. Indicated was a quality composition of dominating dust pollutants. The level of summary load of metals was low.
Black Soils Degradation in the South-Western Black Sea Region at Irrigation and in the Post-Irrigation Period
Authors: Bilanchyn Yaroslav , Rezvaya Svetlana , Medinets Volodymyr
Published: May 2021

Many years’ studies of process of changes in composition, properties and fertility of the black soils of the North-Western Black Sea area in Ukraine with irrigation have revealed mobility of carbonates and humus in them, decrease of capacity of cationic consumption and content of consumed calcium, increase of share of consumed magnesium and sodium. Indicators of agro-physical state of soils under irrigation conditions are worsening significantly.
Spectroscopic Studies of Aminoacids Complexes with Biometals
Authors: Stanila Andreea , Stanila Sorin
Published: May 2021

The [Cu(L)2]·H2O, [Co(L)2]·2H2O, [Zn(L)2]·H2O complexes with methionine (L) as ligand, were synthesized in water solution and analyzed by means of: elemental analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, FT-IR, UV-VIS and EPR spectroscopies. The atomic absorption spectroscopy and elemental measurements confi rm the ratio 1:2 metal ion: methionine composition for the synthesised compounds.The IR spectra show that amino acids act as bidentate ligands with coordination involving the carboxylic oxygen and the nitrogen atom of the amino group. Spectral UV-VIS data confi rmed the covalent metal-ligand bonds, the pseudotetrahedral symmetry around the copper and zinc ions and the octahedral environment for the cobalt ion. Powder ESR spectra at room temperature are typically for monomeric species.
Investigation of the Process of Tartaric Acid Separation on Amberlite XAD2 Impregnated with Amberlite LA-2
Authors: Marchitan N.
Published: May 2021

This work describes an investigation of the process of reactive ion-exchange separation of tartaric acid from model systems with macroreticular resin AmberliteXAD2 impregnated with liquid ion-exchanger Amberlite LA-2 in batch equipment.The condition of Amberlite XAD2 impregnation process was investigated. Freudlichand Langmuir equations were verified and values of enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy were calculated. This article is an extended abstract of a communicationpresented at the Conference Ecological Chemistry 2012.
The Study of Phthalates Migration in Wine Products by GC-MS Method
Authors: Duca Gh. , Sturza R. , Lazakovich D.
Published: May 2021

A number of studies have shown phthalates’ potential impact on human health due to their carcinogenic and endocrinedisrupting effects. More than 2000 analyses for determination of phthalates’ rests in alcoholic beverages were done in the laboratory of National Center for Quality Testing of the Alcoholic Beverages (Republic of Moldova) using modern method of analysis like GC-MS. This article is an extended abstract of a communication presented at the Conference Ecological Chemistry 2012
Study of Processes of Activated Carbon Obtaining from Wood Charcoal
Authors: Cibotaru S.
Published: May 2021

This paper presents the results of scientific research aimed at studying processes of obtaining activated carbon from wood charcoal. We presented methods for determining the structure parameters and specific surface of carbonic adsorbents. Scientific research results allow concluding that wood charcoal is a cheap and effective material for the synthesis of activated charcoal.
Hyaluronic Acid: Obtaining, Properties and Application
Authors: Zadorojnai L. , Zadorojnai A.
Published: May 2021

Properties and methods for obtaining hyaluronic acid and its derivatives from raw material of animal origin are reviewed. The importance and practical application of hyaluronic acid in various fields are discussed. This article is an extended abstract of a communication presented at the Conference Ecological Chemistry 2012.
Use of Bacteria and Microalgae in Synthesis of Nanoparticles
Authors: Zinicovscaia Inga
Published: May 2021

A critical need in the field of nanotechnology is the development of a reliable and eco-friendly process for synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. A number of different organisms, including bacteria, microalgae, yeast and fungi, have shown their ability to produce metal nanoparticles. But they have some drawbacks in providing better control over size distribution, shape and crystallinity. This review article presents an overview of microorganisms (bacteria and microalga) capable of producing silver and gold nanoparticles. This article is an extended abstract of a communication presented at the Conference Ecological Chemistry 2012.
Perspectivas didáticas do ensino de filosofia a distância
Authors: Iha Natália Yoko
Published: May 2021

Este artigo procura fornecer uma reflexão inicial sobre as perspectivas didáticas do curso de Filosofia a distância do Centro de Mídias de SP (SEDUC-SP). A adoção do regime de EAD por escolas de todo o país ocorreu devido às medidas de distanciamento social vigentes durante a pandemia de COVID-19, verificando-se a difusão inédita do ensino remoto no nível básico. Considerando a premência das discussões sobre a adequação dessa solução, propõe-se delinear alguns dos limites e potencialidades do curso do CMSP a partir da análise de sua metodologia e proposta filosófica, como forma de contribuição a este debate.
Educação, artes e os saberes ancestrais no combate ao racismo
Authors: Silva Ana Carla de Moraes da , Silva Beatriz Araújo da
Published: May 2021

O texto traz uma discussão sobre Educação, Artes e Saberes Ancestrais como aportes importantes para o combate ao racismo. Utilizamos teorias estruturadas no Movimento Negro, de Mulheres Negras no viés Cultural, Político, Estético, Religioso e nos pilares dos Saberes Ancestrais africanos em diásporas. Partimos da reflexão das interações socioculturais e escolares mediante uma práxis dialógica entre Educação, Arte e Saberes Ancestrais, discorrendo sobre o corpo do negro como discurso no mundo e a afetividade como uma tecnologia humana no processo de pertencimento e reconhecimento histórico e social para a reconexão da memória do povo africano em diáspora.
Educação de jovens e formação para a cidadania no ensino médio
Authors: Negreiros Heitor Lopes , Auer Franceila , Taquini Rennati
Published: May 2021

Este artigo, sob a forma de análise documental crítica, objetiva analisar as DCNEM no intuito de discutir como o conceito de cidadania vem sendo delineado nesses documentos normativos e os reflexos dessas diferentes concepções na formação da juventude no ensino médio, à luz das contribuições teóricas de Platão e Adorno. Os resultados indicam concepção oscilante de cidadania, ora aproximada de ideais mercadológicos, ora da formação cidadã para humanidade e para o trabalho, no sentido ontológico. Conclui-se que a formação para o exercício da cidadania inspira a reflexão sobre o papel da educação escolar, onde a cidadania seja de fato um direito de todos, tendo como horizonte o bem comum.
Editorial
Authors: Sánchez Gamboa Silvio , Amorim Elizabete , Guedes Livia
Published: May 2021

Apresenta as motivações e justificativas do número temático sobre Mulerese em movimento na filosofia e educação e anuncia a organização da edição, assim como destaca os conteúdos das várias seções e artigos que compõem esta 1a edição de 2021.
IN MEMORY OF IGOR MYKHAYLOVYCH ASTRELIN
Authors: Mitchenko Тetiana , Ratnaweera Harsha
Published: May 2021

The staff of the Faculty of Chemical Technology with deep sorrow informs about the death of the dean of the faculty Astrelin Igor Mikhailovich - creative, talented person, brilliant teacher, an outstanding scientist, a caring husband and father. Igor Mikhailovich passed away on October 23, 2020 at the age of 79 after a serious illness.
Remote services of national libraries
Authors: Tikunova I. P.
Published: May 2021

Many modern national libraries implement the model of a library open to any member of society. In conditions of rapid and pervasive development of digital technologies and the formation of the Internet information space, a website is an indispensable tool for ensuring the availability of the library, its information resources and services in the virtual space. The creation and use of websites to organize remote (virtual) services is one of the most significant activities of libraries. The article objective is to present and summarize the results of studying national library websites as a platform for remote user services. The Russian State Library researchers study websites of 24 national libraries in 22 countries as a part of investigating current state and prospects for development of the digitalization processes of public libraries. The researchers have identified main directions of remote services  (informing users about the library, its resources and services; ensuring the availability of library information resources; improving the comfort of using the library), and the range of remote services, which includes above dozen remote library and information services, as well as nearly the same number of additional digital services that increase the comfort of users. They proposed promising directions to develop remote services (information about library resources and services, consulting and training on using library resources, personalization of services), and the introduction of digital technologies (multimedia and augmented reality technologies).
Establishing and developing the system of libraries of the USSR Academy of Sciences regional branches: the 1930s-1945
Authors: Levner M. V. , Vinogradova N. A.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to organizing the work of the USSR Academy of Sciences (AS) libraries in the 1930s, while creating a network of scientific branches and bases of AS in the country regions. The main goal of the created library system was to provide scientists working far from Moscow and Leningrad with scientific publications according with the specialization of newly created scientific institutions. The article attempts to recall how the expansion of the system of academic libraries in the USSR has started, and provides real data on their work. The authors overview the academic organizations created on the periphery, describes the processes of acquisitions and methodological management of libraries of branches and bases of the USSR Academy of Sciences.The principles of formation of science library network proved to be effective and the system of academic libraries expanded successfully for decades. The factual base of the article were the documents found in the archives of the Library of Natural Sciences RAS, in the Moscow and St. Petersburg Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in some regional archives and materials available on the Internet sites. The authors used a general scientific methodology, applying source study, archaeographic and analytical-synthetic methods of working with archival documents.

The article is devoted to organizing the work of the USSR Academy of Sciences (AS) libraries in the 1930s, while creating a network of scientific branches and bases of AS in the country regions. The main goal of the created library system was to provide scientists working far from Moscow and Leningrad with scientific publications according with the specialization of newly created scientific institutions. The article attempts to recall how the expansion of the system of academic libraries in the USSR has started, and provides real data on their work. The authors overview the academic organizations created on the periphery, describes the processes of acquisitions and methodological management of libraries of branches and bases of the USSR Academy of Sciences.The principles of formation of science library network proved to be effective and the system of academic libraries expanded successfully for decades. The factual base of the article were the documents found in the archives of the Library of Natural Sciences RAS, in the Moscow and St. Petersburg Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in some regional archives and materials available on the Internet sites. The authors used a general scientific methodology, applying source study, archaeographic and analytical-synthetic methods of working with archival documents.
Binary Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Kidney Exchanges Acceleration using Parallel MATLAB
Authors: Abdel-Rehim Wael M. F.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we implement a new method binary Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for solving the kidney exchange problem, which will improve the future decisions of kidney exchange programs. Because using a kidney exchange, we can help incompatible patient-donor couples to swap donors to receive a compatible kidney. Kidney paired donation programs provide an innovative approach for increasing the number of available kidneys. Further, we implementing binary particle swarm optimization in parallel with MATLAB with one, two, three and four threads and from the computations point of view, the authors compare the performance to reduce the running time for kidney exchange to match patients as fast as possible to help clinicians. Moreover, implementing binary particle swarm optimization in solving the kidney exchange problem is an effective method. The obtained results indicate that binary PSO outperforms other stochastic-based methods such as genetic algorithm, ant lion optimization, and efficient the number of resulting exchanges.
Awareness of Adverse Health Effects of Silica Dust Exposure Among Stone Quarry Workers in Ghana
Authors: Ahadzi Dzifa Francis
Published: May 2021

Background: Work experience is a key factor that influences safety awareness among workers. This study investigated the influence of work experience on the level of awareness on adverse health effects of silica dust exposure among stone quarry workers in Ghana while controlling for theoretically relevant compositional and contextual factors, evaluated the magnitude and order of association between the predictors and the predicted variable. Method: A cross-sectional survey data of 524 randomly selected stone quarry workers were subjected to multivariate statistical analyses. Results: Stone quarry workers who had 6 to10 years and more than 10 years of work experience were 48% (OR = 1.475, P = 0.021) and 82% (OR = 1.816, P = 0.003) respectively more likely to be aware of the adverse health effects of silica dust exposure compared to their counterparts who had 1 to 5 years work experience. Workers who had secondary or higher education were 32% (OR = 1.320, P = 0.036) more likely to be aware of the adverse health effects of silica dust exposure compared to their counterparts who had no education. Conclusion: These findings provide relevant information for managers and policymakers to plan and maximize awareness on silica dust health hazards among silica exposed workers.
Forms and Dynamics of Soil Potassium in Acid Soil in the Wolaita Zone of Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kassa Mesfin , Haile Wassie , kebede fassile
Published: May 2021

Quantity-intensity characteristics are among conventional approaches for studying potassium dynamics and its availability; this was assessed to determine availability in four districts: namely, Sodo Zuria, Damot Gale, Damot Sore, and Boloso Sore at three different land use type viz., enset-coffee, crop land, and grazing land. There was water soluble, ammonium acetate, nitric acid extractable potassium, exchangeable potassium, and non-exchangeable potassium studied in soil samples, which were collected from 0-20 cm depth of each land type. The study revealed that water soluble and ammonium acetate extractable potassium concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 0.42 cmolKg-1 soils enset-coffee and grazing land use types, respectively. The study showed that exchangeable potassium constituted the highest proportion of available potassium, while the proportion of water soluble potassium was found to be the lowest. In this study, non-exchangeable potassium concentrations varied from 0.10 to 0.04cmolKg-1soils for enset-coffee, and crop and grazing land use type. Furthermore, available potassium and exchangeable potassium concentrations were positively correlated with OC(r=0.95***), cation exchange capacity, and sand and clay(r=0.98***). In addition, the K dynamics as impacted by land use types found that the highest change in exchangeable potassium (0.31cmolkg-1soils) and potential buffering capacity (1.79cmolkg-1soils) were noted in crop land use types, whereas the lowest change(1.26cmolkg-1 soils) was observed in the enset-coffee system, The varying properties, potassium status, dynamic and land use type of soils identified in the study areas provided adequate information to design soil potassium management options and further research about the soil in each site. Therefore, application of site specific soil fertility management practices and research can improve soil potassium status and quantity intensity parameters to sustain crop productive soils.
Internet Access and Nutritional Intake: Evidence from Rural China
Authors: Xue Ping , Han Xinru , Elahi Ehsan , Zhao Yinyu
Published: May 2021

China has been experienced a nutrition transition and has developed the largest population of internet users. We evaluate the impacts of internet access on the nutritional intake of Chinese rural residents. An IV-Probit based propensity score matching method is used to determine the impact of internet access on nutritional intake. The data were collected from 10042 rural households existed in six provinces of China. The results reveal that the rural residents with internet access have significantly higher intakes of energy, protein, and fat than those without their counterparts. Chinese rural residents with Internet access significantly increase the intakes of energy, protein, and fat by 1.35 percent (28.62 kcal), 5.02 percent (2.61 g), and 4.33 percent (3.30 g), respectively. There is heterogeneity in the intakes of energy, protein, and fat among those in different income groups. Moreover, non-staple food consumption is the main channel through which internet access affects nutritional intake. The results stress to local population to use internet for the improvement of nutritional status.
Interactions Between an Associative Amphiphilic Block Polyelectrolyte and Surfactants in Water: Effect of Charge Type on Solution Properties and Aggregation
Authors: Raffa Patrizio
Published: May 2021

The study of interactions between polyelectrolytes (PE) and surfactants is of great interest for both fundamental and applied research. These mixtures can represent, for example, models of self-assembly and molecular organization in biological systems, but they are also relevant in industrial applications. Amphiphilic block polyelectrolytes represent an interesting class of PE, but their interactions with surfactants have not been extensively explored so far, most studies being restricted to non-associating PE. In this work, interactions between an anionic amphiphilic triblock polyelectrolyte and different types of surfactants bearing respectively negative, positive and no charge, are investigated via surface tension and solution rheology measurements for the first time. It is evidenced that the surfactants have different effects on viscosity and surface tension, depending on their charge type. Micellization of the surfactant is affected by the presence of the polymer in all cases; shear viscosity of polymer solutions decreases in presence of same charge or nonionic surfactants, while the opposite charge surfactant cause precipitation. This study highlights the importance of the charge type, and the role of the associating hydrophobic block in the PE structure, on the solution behavior of the mixtures. Moreover, a possible interaction model is proposed, based on the obtained data.
Clinical Performance of CAD/CAM All-ceramic Tooth-supported Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Saravi Babak , Vollmer Andreas , Hartmann Maja , Lang Gernot , Kohal Ralf-Joachim , Boeker Martin , Patzelt Sebastian B. M.
Published: May 2021

Although CAD/CAM ceramics present a promising alternative to metal-ceramic fixed dental prostheses, little is known about their mid- and long-term clinical performance. This systematic review aims to estimate the survival and success rates and describes the underlying complication characteristics for CAD/CAM tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). We systematically searched MEDLINE and Web of Science to find relevant prospective studies with a follow-up of at least one year. We estimated pooled 1-, 5- and 10-year survival and success rates by combining the collected data in a Poisson regression model. Descriptive statistics were conducted to evaluate the distribution of failures and complications in the included studies. Risk of bias for the included studies was assessed with an adapted checklist for single-arm trials. Pooled estimated 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates ranged from 93.80% to 94.66%, 89.67% to 91.1%, and 79.33% to 82.20%, respectively. The corresponding success rates, excluding failures but including any other types of intervention, were 94.53% to 96.77%, 90.89% to 94.62%, and 81.78% to 89.25%. Secondary caries was the most frequent cause of failure, followed by chipping of the veneering. The most common cause of complication, excluding failures but requiring intervention, was chipping of the veneering. Risk of bias was generally acceptable for the included studies, with 7 studies associated with low risk of bias, 8 studies with a moderate risk of bias, and 3 studies with serious risk of bias. The current meta-analysis on CAD/CAM supported FDPs revealed satisfying survival and success rates for up to 10 years of exposure. More prospective studies focusing on long-term performance are needed to strengthen the evidence currently available in the literature.
Low-activity Cryptochrome 1 Plays a Role in Promoting Stem Elongation and Flower Initiation of Mature Arabidopsis under Blue Light Associated with Low Phytochrome Activity
Authors: Kong Yun , Zheng Youbin
Published: May 2021

To clarify whether cryptochrome contributes to stem elongation and flowering promoted by blue lights associated with low phytochrome activity, wild-type Arabidopsis was compared with its cryptochrome-deficient mutants and cryptochrome-overexpressing transgenic plants. Results indicated that the promotion effects were mainly related to low CRY1 activity, despite partial involvement of high-activity CRY2.
Evolution of a Late Miocene Deep-water Depositional System in the Southern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand
Authors: Silver Clayton , Bedle Heather
Published: May 2021

A long-standing problem in the understanding of deep-water turbidite reservoirs relates to how the three-dimensional evolution of deep-water channel systems evolve in response to channel filling on spatio-temporal scales, and how depositional environments affect channel architecture. The 3-D structure and temporal evolution of late Miocene deep-water channel complexes in the southern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand is investigated, and the geometry, distribution and stacking patterns of the channel complexes are analyzed. Two recently acquired 3-D seismic datasets, the Pipeline-3D (proximal) and Hector-3D (distal) are analyzed. These surveys provide detailed imaging of late Miocene deep-water channel systems, allowing for the assessment of the intricate geometry and seismic geomorphology of the systems. Seismic attributes resolve the channel bodies and the associated architectural elements. Spectral decomposition, amplitude curvature, and coherence attributes reveal NW-trending straight to low-sinuosity channels and less prominent NE-trending high-sinuosity feeder channels. Stratal slices across the seismic datasets better characterize the architectural elements. The mapped turbidite systems transition from low-sinuosity to meandering high-sinuosity patterns, likely caused by a change in the shelf-slope gradient due to localized structural relief. Stacking facies patterns within the channel systems reveal the temporal variation from a depositional environment characterized by sediment bypass to vertically aggrading channel systems.
Hepatitis E and Pregnancy: An Unholy Alliance
Authors: Khuroo Mohammad Sultan
Published: May 2021

The adverse relationship between viral hepatitis and pregnancy in developing countries was seen as a reflection of retrospective biased hospital-based data collection by the West. However, the discovery of HEV from an epidemic of non-A, non-B hepatitis in Kashmir and documenting increased incidence and severity of hepatitis E in pregnancy from a house-to-house survey unmasked the unholy alliance. Among the family of HEV’s, genotype (gt)-1, with a unique ORF4-encoded protein enhancing viral polymerase activity and viral replication, is the sole HEV that shows this adverse relationship. The epidemics caused by HEV-gt1 and not by HEV-gt2 show adverse relationship with pregnancy. The pathogenesis of the unholy alliance is complex and at present not well understood. Possibly multiple factors play a role in causing severe liver disease in the mother including: infection, replication and damage to the maternal-foetal interface by HEV-gt1; vertical transmission of HEV to foetus causing severe foetal/neonatal hepatitis; and combined viral and hormone related immune dysfunction of diverse nature in the mother promoting viral replication. Management is multidisciplinary and needs a close watch for the development and management of ALF. Preliminary data suggest beneficial maternal outcomes by early termination of pregnancy in patients with lower grades of encephalopathy.
Enterococci in Farm-Manufactured Pecorino and Goat Cheese
Authors: Cenci-Goga Beniamino , Karama Musafiri , El-Ashram Saeed , Saraiva Cristina , García-Díez Juan , Chalias Athanasios , Grispoldi Luca
Published: May 2021

Enterococci are enteric organisms which are commonly isolated from ewe and goat's milk production in Umbria, Italy. For years enterococci have been considered as microorganisms only indicative of inadequate hygienic practices or exposure of the food to conditions that would permit multiplication of other undesirable bacteria. However, enterococci largely occur in many cheeses, and are now considered to be usual components of their typical microflora. They play a major role in cheese ripening due to lipolytic, proteolytic and caseinolytic activities. Enterococci have been also shown to be involved in food poisoning outbreaks although only E. faecalis has been demonstrated to cause changes in dairy products, thus being the only species of concern in dairy production. The aim of this study was to was to investigate the evolution of enterococci during the production and ripening of Pecorino cheese made with two different cheesemaking processes and characterize Enterococcus spp. isolates all along the cheesemaking and ripening process.
Distance Only Brings You Closer: Application of ISSR Markers to Analyze Molecular Relationships in Roses (Rosa spp.) - The Symbol of Love
Authors: Joshi Tanay , Kumar Santosh , Arya Lalit , Riar Amritbir
Published: May 2021

Genetic diversity is inevitable in making any crop improvement program successful. DNA fingerprinting technology to assess the genetic relationship among the selected genotypes for identification and cataloging of different species and cultivars of roses is a promising tool for Rosa genomes. The inter-simple sequence repeats markers (ISSRs) were used to investigate the genetic diversity among twenty-one diverse Rosa genotypes belonging to two different species, Rosa hybrida and R. damascena, and three distinct groups of rose varieties, namely Hybrid Tea, Floribunda, and Damask roses. Twenty-four ISSR primers yielded a total of 280 scorable amplified fragments from 250-1800 bp in length, from which 244 were polymorphic, resulting in an average of 86.4% polymorphism. UPGMA cluster analysis based on Jaccard’s pairwise similarity coefficient values ranged from 0.264 to 0.818, clearly distinguished different species and genotypes, grouping them into three distinct clusters. The results confirmed a high degree of variation in the rose germplasm studied highlighting the potential of improvement in roses for the ornamental and perfume industry.
Mining Indonesian Microbial Biodiversity for Novel Natural Compounds by a Combined Genome Mining and Molecular Networking Approach
Authors: Handayani Ira , Saad Hamada , Ratnakomala Shanti , Lisdiyanti Puspita , Kusharyoto Wien , Krause Janina , Kulik Andreas , Wohlleben Wolfgang , Aziz Saefuddin , Gross Harald , Gavriilidou Athina , Ziemert Nadine , Mast Yvonne
Published: May 2021

Indonesia is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world and a promising resource for novel natural compound producers. Actinomycetes produce about two-thirds of all clinically used antibiotics. Thus, exploiting Indonesia’s microbial diversity for actinomycetes may lead to the discovery of novel antibiotics. A total of 422 actinomycete strains were isolated from three different unique areas in Indonesia and tested for their antimicrobial activity. Nine potent bioactive strains were prioritized for further drug screening approaches. The nine strains were cultivated in different solid and liquid media and a combination of genome mining analysis and mass spectrometry (MS)-based molecular networking was employed to identify potential novel compounds. By correlating secondary metabolite gene cluster data with MS-based molecular networking results, we identified several gene cluster-encoded biosynthetic products from the nine strains, including naphthyridinomycin, amicetin, echinomycin, tirandamycin, antimycin, and desferrioxamine B. Besides, eight putative ion clusters and numerous gene clusters were detected that could not be associated with any known compound, indicating that the strains can produce novel secondary metabolites. Our results demonstrate that sampling of actinomycetes from unique and biodiversity-rich habitats, such as Indonesia, along with a combination of gene cluster networking and molecular networking approaches, accelerates natural product identification.
Impact of Changed Use of Greenspace during COVID-19 Pandemic on Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Heo Seulkee , Desai Miraj , Lowe Sarah R. , Bell Michelle L.
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating consequences for health, social, and economic domains, but what has received far less focus is the effect on people’s relationship to vital ecological supports, including access to greenspace. We assessed patterns of greenspace use in relation to individual and environmental factors and their relationship with experiencing psychological symptoms under the pandemic. We conducted an online survey recruiting participants from social media for adults in Korea for September–December 2020. The survey collected data on demographics, patterns of using greenspace during the pandemic, and major depression (MD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2) were applied to identify probable cases of MD and GAD. A logistic regression model assessed the association decreased visits to greenspace after the outbreak compared to 2019 and probable MD and GAD. Among the 322 survey participants, prevalence of probable MD and GAD were 19.3% and 14.9%, respectively. High rates of probable MD (23.3%) and GAD (19.4%) were found among persons currently having job-related and financial issues. Of the total participants, 64.9% reported decreased visits to greenspace after the COVID-19 outbreak. Persons with decreased visits to greenspace had 2.06 higher odds (95% CI: 0.91, 4.67) of probable MD at the time of the survey than persons whose visits to greenspace increased or did not change. Findings suggest that barriers to greenspace use could deprive people of mental health benefits and affect mental health during pandemic; an alternative explanation is that those experiencing poor mental health may be less likely to visit greenspaces during pandemic. This implies the need of adequate interventions on greenspace uses under an outbreak especially focusing on how low-income populations may be more adversely affected by a pandemic and its policy responses.
A Mathematical Description of the Bone Marrow Dynamics of CAR T-Cell Therapy in B-cell Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Martínez-Rubio Álvaro , Chulián Salvador , Blázquez Goñi Cristina , Pérez Martínez Antonio , Ramírez Orellana Manuel , Navarro-Zapata Alfonso , Ferreras Cristina , Pérez-García Victor Manuel , Rosa María
Published: May 2021

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has demonstrated high rates of response in recurrent B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in children and young adults. Despite this success, a fraction of patients experience relapse after treatment. Relapse is often preceded by recovery of healthy B cells, which suggests loss or dysfunction of CAR T cells in bone marrow. This site is harder to access, and thus is not monitored as frequently as peripheral blood. Understanding the interplay between B cells, leukemic cells and CAR T cells in bone marrow is paramount in ascertaining the causes of lack of response. In this paper, we put forward a mathematical model representing the interaction between constantly renewing B cells, CAR T cells and leukemic cells in the bone marrow. Our model accounts for the maturation dynamics of B cells and incorporates effector and memory CAR T cells. The model provides a plausible description of the dynamics of the various cellular compartments in bone marrow after CAR T infusion. After exploration of the parameter space, we found that the dynamics of CAR T product and disease were independent of the dose injected, initial B-cell load and tumor burden. We also show theoretically the importance of CAR T product attributes in determining therapy outcome, and have studied a variety of possible response scenarios, including second dosage schemes. We conclude by setting out ideas for the refinement of the model.
Brain Morphology and Physical Symptoms: A Population-Neuroimaging Study in 13,250 Pre-Adolescents
Authors: Estévez-López Fernando , Kim Hannah H. , López-Vicente Mónica , Legerstee Jeroen S. , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Tiemeier Henning , Muetzel Ryan
Published: May 2021

Physical symptoms are defined as symptoms for which adequate examination does not reveal a sufficient underlying root cause, e.g., pain and fatigue. The extant literature of the neurobiological underpinnings of physical symptoms has been largely inconsistent and primarily consists of (clinical) case-control studies with relatively small samples sizes. Therefore, we studied the association of brain morphology with physical symptoms in pre-adolescents from two independent and population-based cohorts. This study included 2,683 individuals from the Generation R Study (51% girls, 10.1 ± 0.6 years old) and 10,567 pre-adolescents from the ABCD Study (48% girls, 9.9 ± 0.6 years old). High- resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was collected using 3-Tesla MRI systems. Physical symptoms were evaluated using the somatic complaints syndrome scale from the parent-reported school-age version of the Child Behavior Checklist. Linear regression models were fitted for global brain metrics (i.e., cortical and subcortical grey matter volume and total white matter volume) as well as surface-based vertex-wise measures (surface area and cortical thickness). Analyses were initially conducted separately in each cohort and later meta-analysed. No associations were observed in either cohort separately. In the combined vertex-wise meta-analysis of both cohorts; the right hemisphere surface area, most notably the rostral middle frontal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex, were related to physical symptoms after correcting for multiple comparisons (cluster area = 1,882 mm2). The present study, which is the most representative and well-powered to date, suggests that surface area, but not other measures of brain morphology, are modestly related to physical symptoms in pre- adolescents. While these effects are subtle, future longitudinal research is warranted to elucidate whether such associations indicate a cause or a consequence of the physical symptoms.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL FOR BALANCED EVALUATION OF PROJECT SUCCESS BASED ON METHODICAL INDICATORS OF VALUE
Authors: Olekh Tetiana , Kolesnikova Kateryna , Mezentseva Olga , Gogunskii Viktor
Published: May 2021

As part of the value-based approach to project management, a new economic metric was actually introduced - value as an indicator of the company's success. The basis of the value-based approach is the definition of indicators that reflect the growth of the company's value. Assessment of the value of projects and their expertise should be carried out in a certain sense in a uniform manner, based on common indicators. A study of the system of indicators for management and balanced assessment of the value of projects was carried out. Indicators are considered in the context of the development of existing project management systems. It is proposed to divide the existing system of indicators into three groups: methodological, methodological and operational. The hypothesis that the success of the project mission can be predicted based on the values of the indicators of a group of methodological indicators for assessing the values of the project is confirmed. Using modern mathematical methods, it is shown that in the group of methodological indicators for project evaluation, each of the indicators objectively reflects the value, and sometimes the effectiveness or success of the project, since each indicator is used as the main one for a certain type of project. The model developed by the authors can serve as a methodological basis for managing the value of projects. The proposed model makes it possible to assess the value of project activity in terms of its effectiveness based on only one, any indicator of a group of methodological indicators for assessing the value of the project. The model allows the use of value management tools at different stages of the project life cycle. In addition, the mechanisms presented in the work are universal and can be used in projects implemented using various approaches: both within the framework of classical project management and using “flexible” or hybrid methods. The article shows that the group of methodological indicators objectively reflects not only the success of the project. Considering any of the indicators, one can conclude about the effectiveness or success of the project mission or strategic goal.
POLYNOMIAL ALGORITHM FOR FINDING A HAMILTONIAN CYCLE ON A GRAPH
Authors: Prokopenkov Vladymyr
Published: May 2021

The subject of research is the solution of the problem of finding a Hamiltonian cycle on a graph, which in discrete mathematics belongs to the NP complexity class and still retains interest. The aim of this work is to develop a new algorithm for solving this problem, which guarantees finding the optimal solution with polynomial time. In [1], an analysis of the current state of the problem was performed, the shortcomings of existing methods of solving were noted, and new principles and method of finding solution were presented. Known methods for solving the problem are based on the implementation of a search of possible solutions or on intuitive heuristics. Enumeration methods of solutions are unacceptable in terms of costs, since they characterized by non-polynomial time. Heuristic methods are satisfactory in time, but they do not guarantee finding the optimal solution. The popularity of enumeration methods is explained by the linear simplicity of searching in a pre-known set of acceptable solutions to the problem. But the factorial dependence of the power of the set of solutions (n-1)! from the number of vertices of the graph n makes it impossible to use such methods for large-size problems in practice. The desire to significantly reduce time costs leads to attempts to reasonably reduce the enumeration set or to the development of various heuristics, which actually indicates that it is impossible to formulate conditions for finding the optimal solution to the problem as a whole. This article describes the conditions that determine the optimal solution of the problem and a polynomial algorithm for solving the problem that embodies the described method. Finding the optimal solution to the problem is reduced to finding a closed path in a new graph of shortest paths. The shortest paths graph built on the original graph of the problem by using Dijkstra's algorithm. The enumeration set for determining the optimal solution of the problem consists of solutions that are constructed from each vertex of the source graph in the shortest paths graph. The size of this set is estimated as n(n-1). The developed parallel algorithm guarantees finding the optimal solution, significantly reduces the initial search space, and allows you to find a solution with polynomial complexity. Testing of the program showed the efficiency of the developed method and algorithm for solving the problem.