bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA (IDA) ON THYROID FUNCTION AND HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE IN PREGNANCY
Authors: Ankita Ankita , Singh Jagroop
Published: August 2023

Background: Anemia and thyroid disorders, both are common public health problems with pregnant women being the most vulnerable group. The
risk of maternal mortality has a direct correlation with the severity of IDA (Iron Deciency Anemia). Some previous studies suggested that iron
deciency anemia is related to thyroid function in pregnancy. To evaluate the Objectives: prevalence of anemia and evaluate the level of thyroid
hormones in pregnant women and to study inter-relationship of iron deciency anemia with other hematological parameters and thyroid hormones
in pregnancy. A total of 100 antenatal cases of women were included, with the Materials and methods: reproductive age group of 20-40 years.
Subjects were categorized into three trimesters of pregnancy, viz. rst trimester, second trimester and third trimester and their blood samples were
analysed for biochemical and hematological parameters. In the present study, i Results: t has been observed that 57% of pregnant women were
anemic with Hb <11 g/dl. Based on the haematological studies, the anemic condition was due to the deciency of iron. Further, thyroid function was
found to be correlated with iron deciency anemia. Subclinical hypothyroidism was found in 49% of anemic subjects. From the Conclusion:
results of present study, it is concluded that there is increased prevalence of thyroid disorders and iron deciency anemia in antenatal cases and there
is relationship between iron deciency anemia and hypothyroid cases. Subclinical hypothyroidism is more pronounced effect than overt
hypothyroidism due to iron deciency anemia in pregnancy as revealed from the data generated in the study. Screening of thyroid stimulating
hormone in all pregnant women at time of rst visit and treatment should be started if TSH <2.5IU/ml for healthy feto-maternal outcome. It has
been established from the present study, that anemia can worsen this condition further, since iron deciency being a from the present study, that
anemia can a major public health problem in developing country like India.
A STUDY OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF REPORTING OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AMONG MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Kishore. A Nand , Shobha P. , Sunitha Messaline , Harsha Harsha , Shilpa Shilpa , Malavika Malavika
Published: August 2023

Background: All Medications have side effects and/or adverse effects in addition to therapeutic effects. Pharmacovigilance is necessary to deal
with Adverse Drug Reactions(ADRs) . Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of reporting of adverse drug reactions among
medical practitioners at Sree Gokulam Medical College & Research Foundation. Method: The assessment was done with the help of a
questionnaire which contained 8 questions on basic knowledge and information about pharmacovigilance, 9 questions on attitude and 7 questions
on practice of ADR reporting. Data was entered into MS Excel spreadsheet and analysed using SPSS Version 27. Qualitative variables were
expressed in frequency and percentage. Fischer's exact test was done to nd out the association between qualitative variables. Results: Majority of
the Doctors had average knowledge (55.2%) and all had a very good attitude regarding ADR reporting. However, in the practice of ADR reporting,
majority (52.4%) had poor practice followed by average practice (45.7 %). Conclusion:In spite of a very good attitude towards reporting of ADRs,
the actual practice of reporting is low. This can be attributed to low level of knowledge regarding ADR reporting. Periodical training sessions on
Pharmacovigilance to update the knowledge and awareness can ultimately improve the ADR reporting and patient care.
INFLAMMATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PCOS WOMEN
Authors: Hariprasath G. , Sethupathy S. , Kanagasabai G.
Published: August 2023

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome has been regarded as a state of chronic low grade inammation and these women have marked insulin
resistance. This low grade inammation is thought to play a key role in induction of insulin resistance in these women but its role is not clear. The
present study was designed to study the association of inammation with insulin resistance in PCOS women. Design: Cross Sectional Study.
Materials & Methods: The study included 60 PCOS women of age group 18-30 years and 50 age matched healthy females. The Anthropometric
measurements, Fasting Plasma Glucose, serum insulin and hs-CRP were measured in all these subjects. HOMA- IR formula was used to calculate
insulin resistance. Results: The Mean BMI & Waist Hip Ratio were signicantly higher in PCOS women than in Controls (P<0.001). While no
signicant difference in fasting plasma glucose was observed between PCOS women and controls (p<0.24), levels of hs-CRP, fasting insulin and
HOMA-IR were found to be signicantly elevated in PCOS women than controls (p<0.001). Asignicant positive correlation between hsCRPwith
fasting insulin (r=0.5, p<0.05) and insulin resistance (r=0.59, p<0.049) was also observed. Conclusion: Our study indicates the presence of both inammation and insulin resistance in PCOS women. Inammation appears to be strongly associated with insulin resistance in women with PCOS
“COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE TECHNIQUE (MFR) WITH ULTRASOUND VS STRETCHING WITH ULTRASOUND IN CHRONIC TENNIS ELBOW CONDITION”
Authors: Priya Sai Moulika B. , Khan Jafar , Pal Renuka
Published: August 2023

One of the most prevalent lesions of the arm is lateral epicondylitis, often known as tennis elbow or Lateral Elbow Tendinopathy (LET). At the
lateral epicondyle of the humerus, there occurs a painful condition called lateral epicondylitis. The extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon is the major
site for this extraarticular affection, which is characterised by pain and tenderness near the origin of the forearm's extensor muscles. AComparative
study design. This study included 30 subjects with Lateral Epicondylitis. They were divided into two groups (Group A and Group B). Stretching
was administered to Group Aand Myofascial Release Technique (MFR) was administered to Group B while using ultrasonography in both groups.
The post mean score of PRTEE questionnaire were compared for these two different treatment methods (Myofascial release technique, stretching
and Ultrasound) of these independent groups. This study shows that Myofascial release with ultrasound has shown statistically signicant
improvement in reducing Lateral Epicondylitis when compared to the stretching with Ultrasound.
LONG TERM RESPONSE TO GEFITINIB IN AN EGFR MUTATED LUNG CANCER EVEN AFTER A SOLITARY RECURRENCE: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Fatima Sheereen , Nisar Shaikh Imran , Mistry Rajesh
Published: August 2023

Courtesy advancement in precision medicine in the past decade, oncotherapy has become more personalised. This has led tremendous
improvement in treatment modalities in non-small cell lung cancer. Cardinal molecular changes like mutation in the epidermal growth factor
receptor (EGFR) are known to participate in proliferation and survival of cells in the neoplasm. It is observed that patients harboring certain
mutations in the EGFR exons 18, 19 or 21, have increased response rate and progression free survival with the use of EGFR tyrosine kinase
inhibitors. This is more likely seen in females, patients of Asian origin, never-smokers and having adenocarcinoma. Despite the initial good
response with getinib (an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor), majority of the patients have progression with progression free survival of 10.8 months
and an overall survival of 30.5 months only. Such patients require switching over to next generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors or
chemotherapy. We report a unique case of a middle aged female deriving benet from a rst line EGFR inhibitor for a long period of 6 years and still
continuing to have benet.
THE PERCENT FRAGILITY INDEX
Authors: F Heston Thomas
Published: August 2023

This article proposes the Percent Fragility Index (PFI) as an improved measure of statistical fragility in biomedical research. The PFI quanties the
percentage change in outcomes needed to change a study's statistical signicance from positive to negative or vice-versa. The PFI improves upon
existing indices by providing an intuitive statistic that is easy to grasp and by accommodating both dichotomous and continuous variables. This
approach minimizes dependency. on sample size, a limitation of the commonly used Fragility Index (FI) and Fragility Quotient (FQ). The FI
measures the minimum number of outcome events required to reverse statistical signicance, and the FQ divides the FI by the total sample size. The
PFI enhances the interpretability and validity of fragility assessments. PFI facilitates a more critical understanding of research outcomes by
offering readers a more precise estimate of study fragility
A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY ON OUTCOME OF EARLY AND DELAYED CLOSURE OF TEMPORARY LOOP ILEOSTOMY FOLLOWING EMERGENCY BOWEL SURGERY
Authors: Manorath Patel Ram , Singh Chhavindar , K. Pandey V. , Pratap Prakhar
Published: August 2023

Background: Ileostomy is often constructed in emergency surgical conditions like enteric or tubercular perforations when patients present late
during illness to preclude primary closure. But the ostomy carries with it lot of morbidity making the quality of life poor.Aims & Objective: The
aim of the study to nd out the suitable timing of closure and reduce the stoma related morbidity and compare the outcome. Methodology: This
study was a Prospective observational and comparative study, carried out in P.G. Department of Surgery, S.R.N. Hospital associated with M.L.N
Medical College, Prayagraj from September 2020 to September 2021. Study carried out on 96 participants, which was divided in tow group on the
basis of Early and delayed closer of Ileostomy, patient are equally distributed in both group. The data is entered in MS EXCEL spreadsheet and
analysis is done using software SPSS Version 23. Result: Total 96 patients 50.0% of the participants had Group Early Closure and 50.0% of the
participants had Group Delayed Closure. The mean (SD) of Age (Years) in the Early Closure group was 35.52 (13.21) and in Delayed Closure
group was 45.98 (13.86). There was a signicant difference between the 2 groups in terms of Age (Years) (W= 640.000, p = <0.001), The 64.6% of
the participants in the Early Closure group had Gender: Male and 35.4% had Gender: Female. The 56.2% of the participants in the Delayed Closure
group had Gender: Male and 43.8 had Gender: Female. The mean (SD) of Time of Closure (Weeks) in the Early Closure group was 7.17 (0.73) and
Delayed Closure group was 15.32 (1.80). The mean (SD) of Duration of Hospital Stay (Days) in the Early Closure group was 8.06 (3.32) and
Delayed Closure group was 8.23 (2.57). There was no signicant difference between the groups in terms of Duration of Hospital Stay (Days) (W =
973.500, p = 0.179). In early closure group 8.3% (4) participants had surgical site infections and 91.7% (44) of the participants had no surgical site
infections. In the delayed closure group 6.2% (3) participants had surgical site infections and 93.8% (45) of the case had no surgical site infections.
There was no signicant difference between the various groups in terms of distribution of surgical site infections (χ2 = 0.154, p = 1.000).
Conclusion: According to my study, the suitable timing of closure of temporary loop ileostomy is early closure and the mean time was 7.17 (0.73)
week. Stoma related morbidity was reduced by the early closure of temporary loop ileostomy
CLINICALAND BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN DIABETICS - A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Pandya Nupur , Asari Priyanka , Chaudhari Kaushika
Published: August 2023

Introduction Patients with diabetes experience polyuria and glycosuria because of elevated blood sugar levels, which creates an environment that is conducive to the development of Urinary Tract Infections. Various factors including and not limited to Age, Sex, BMI, Blood Glucose Levels, Neuropathy etc contribute to development of UTI in diabetics. We aimed to study relationship between some of these factors and UTI in diabetics using clinical and bio chemical parameters. Methodology In this Single institute cross sectional study 250 diabetics with UTI who were admitted to a tertiary care centre were analysed for various clinical and biochemical parameters. Following informed consent all these patients were studied for Age, Gender, BMI, Blood glucose level, Renal Function and Urine analysis. All the ndings were noted in a pro forma and quantitative analysis was done using appropriate tools. Results Out of 250 diabetics with UTI, majority had Type 2 DM (94%). Gender distribution was 2:1 in favour of females. Majority of these patients presented with burning micturition, Abdominal pain, Anorexia and frequency of micturition. Thirty Eight percent patients were diagnosed with DM for less than 5 years and rest had DM for more than 5 years. UTI was signicantly more common in patients with BMI >25 (p <0.0001) establishing obesity as a likely cause for UTI in diabetics. More than three fourth of patients UTI in our study had HbA1c Level more than 7.5 (p <0.0001) making blood glucose level one of the most important prognostic indicator of UTI in diabetics. Gram Negative bacteria like E. Coli and Klebsiella were most commonly inoculated organism in urine analysis. Conclusion Diabetics are more prone to develop UTI which can complicate further due to high glucose levels in blood and urine. Good control of blood glucose with regular medications, proper diet and weight maintenance is essential for prevention of UTI in diabetics. Early diagnosis with blood / urine analysis and antibiotic coverage is necessary for timely recovery in high risk individuals
EFFECTS OF MYOFUNCTIONAL THERAPY ON TONGUE POSTURE IN GROWING CLASS II DIVISION 1 MALOCCLUSION
Authors: Maheshwari Sandhya , Star Suting Grateful , Anjum Arbab , Farhan Saherish
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Myofunctional therapy is the treatment of choice for class II division 1 growing individuals. In addition, the treatment may bring
about changes both in the tongue position and oropharynx. To measure and evaluate the Tongue Objectives: Posture and the dimension of oropharyngeal airway in subjects before and after Twin-Block appliance therapy in Class II division 1 malocclusion. Materials and methods:
Twenty-four subjects were selected within the age range of 10-14 years (average-12 years) and each subject was conrmed by taking into account
the lateral cephalometric measurement, clinical evaluation, inclusion and exclusion criteria's before involving them in the group. Following the
acquisition of each subject's lateral cephalogram, numerous landmarks, reference planes, and linear parameters were used to assess tongue position
using the method outlined by Rakosi et al. Tongue and oro-pharyngeal airway measurements were measured using a template. Pairwise t- Results:
test was used to evaluate pre and post therapy changes and to discover signicant differences in different measurements in the group. The mean
values and standard deviations of all variables before and after therapy are shown in tables. All of the measurements revealed signicant differences
present. Total tongue length increased from pre-treatment to post treatment wi Conclusion: th Twin-block therapy whereas partial tongue length
decreased pre to post treatment at point 1-6 with the exception at point 7. The total tongue height decreased from pre-treatment to post treatment.
Palate to dorsum of tongue dimension increased signicantly from pre-treatment to post-treatment. The mean Pharyngeal Airway increased
signicantly from pre-treatment to post-treatment with a statistically signicant.
ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA PRESENTING WITH ACUTE THROMBOSIS OF THE PORTAL VEIN, SUPERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN, AND SPLENIC INFARCT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Kumar Shivarame Gowda Sunil , Eltahir Abdalla Fekri , Narasimhaiah Raghunanda
Published: August 2023

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rapidly progressing cancer affecting the myeloid cells. The most common risk factor for AMLis
the presence of an antecedent hematologic disorder, the most common of which is myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Some congenital disorders
that predispose to AMLinclude Bloom syndrome, Down syndrome, congenital neutropenia, Fanconi anemia, and neurobromatosis. Persons who
smoke tobacco have a small but statistically signicant (odds ratio:1.5) increased risk of developing AML. In several studies, the risk of AML was
slightly increased in people who smoked compared to those who did not. Exposure to soot, creosote, inks, dyes, tanning solutions, and coal dust
have also been associated with AML.[1] Thrombosis is a common complication in patients with acute leukemia. The clinical outcome of
thrombosis in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is scarce. This case report demonstrates acute myeloid leukaemia causing acute
thrombosis of the portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, and splenic infarct in a chronic smoker but an otherwise healthy person.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS OF PLEURAL EFFUSION IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL LOCATED IN NORTHERN PART OF INDIA
Authors: Panjeta Pradyumn , Bansal Nitin
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Pleural effusion is the excessive buildup of uid between the two pleural layers, often caused by various pathogenic processes. It can
be classied as exudative or transudative based on the characteristics of the uid. The causes of pleural effusion are diverse, with congestive cardiac
failure, pneumonia, malignancy, and tubercular effusion being common etiologies. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent
complications. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of pleural effusion patients in teaching hospitals in Northern India.
Objectives: To study the clinical prole of patients with pleural effusion in a teaching hospital in Northern India. Methods: A prospective
observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine at Shri Mahant Indresh Hospital, SGRRIM&HS Dehradun. The study included
100 patients diagnosed with pleural effusion. Detailed history, physical examinations, and diagnostic tests were performed, including chest
radiography, pleurocentesis, biochemical, cytological, and microbiological investigations. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Version
21.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: The study participants had a mean age of 58.1%, with a slight female predominance (54.0%). Smoking
history was reported by 35% of cases, while 13% had a history of tuberculosis (TB) or TB contact. The most common presenting symptoms were
cough (78%), weight loss (38%), breathlessness (32%), night sweats (24%), and chest pain (18%). Exudative pleural effusion had signicantly
higher levels of pleural uid proteins, LDH, and ADAcompared to transudative effusion (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study provided insights into
the clinical prole and etiological causes of pleural effusion in a teaching hospital in Northern India. The study population had diverse symptoms
and underlying etiologies, highlighting the importance of thorough investigation and considering tuberculosis in cases with weight loss and night
sweats. Acomprehensive cardiac workup is also necessary for cases with vague symptoms
“COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OUTCOME OF STAINLESS STEEL STAPLES CLOSURE OF SKIN WOUND VERSUS POLYAMIDE SUTURE CLOSURE”
Authors: Singh Yadunath , Kishan Saran Rama , Galwa Rajneesh , Dayal Ram , Sharma Latika
Published: August 2023

Introduction- In today's world we all give extreme importance to scar appearance. Beside cosmesis, the technique should be easy, fast and cost
effective also. The aim of study was to compare stainless steel staple closure of skin wound with polyamide suture closure in terms of time, post
operative pain, healing, cosmesis and complications like wound infection and dehiscence. Method- 80 patients who underwent elective surgery at
Mahatma Gandhi hospital of Dr. S.N. medical college, jodhpur (Rajasthan) were randomly assigned into two groups, the study group of 40 patients,
who underwent stainless steel staples closure compared with another group of 40 patients who underwent polyamide suture closure. Result- Mean
time taken in suture closure was 200.3 seconds and in staples closure it was 74.02 seconds which was statically signicant. In suture group 15%
patients develop wound complications and in staple group only 5% patients develop wound complications which was statically signicant. In
suture group 22.5% patients develop poor scar and in staple group only 5% develop poor scar. Conclusion- By this study, we concluded that wound
complications was less with skin stapler as compared to conventional sutures. Staples are very much faster as compared to sutures. cosmetic results
of skin stapler are better than conventional sutures
REASSESSING THE UTILITY OF ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY IN LIGHT OF MHCA 2017 : A SIX YEAR RETROSPECTIVE DATA BASED STUDY
Authors: Pavitra Pavitra , Kukreti Prerna , Kataria Dinesh , Saurabh Saurabh
Published: August 2023

The use of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) has been a controversial
topic in the eld of mental health for decades. Despite its long-standing
history and proven efcacy in treating severe mental illnesses such as
severe depressive disorders (1),mania, catatonia, acute exacerbations
of schizophrenia and risk of self-harm(2), ECThas been surrounded by
ethical concerns and legal regulations.
HAND FOOT MOUTH DISEASE AND ISOLATED BENIGN INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION, A RARE PRESENTATION
Authors: Anil Kumar Vuppala , Vishala Sarma, Cheruvu , Narayan Reddy Uppin , Shalini Akunuri
Published: August 2023

Hand foot mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious acute viral infection caused by Enterovirus and Coxsackie virus occurring mostly in
infants and children. The illness is usually self-limiting; however, HFMD associated cardiorespiratory and neurological complications may
become fatal if left untreated in early stages. We report a rare case of HFMD in a 7-month-old infant who presented with signs and symptoms
suggestive of severe neurological complication, but eventually was found to have isolated intracranial hypertension without any evidence of
meningo-encephalitis which rapidly responded to supportive therapy.
REVIEW OF COVID -19 VARIANTS AND VACCINE EFFICACY – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: R Parvathy
Published: August 2023

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (CoV) emerged from Hubei province in China among people visiting the Huanan seafood market in
Wuhan. The virus is transmitted through human-to-human contact and rapidly spread across the world, and soon turned into a pandemic.
Continuation of precautionary measures, genomic surveillance and vaccination plays an important role in the prevention of spread, early
identication of variants, prevention of mutations and viral replication, respectively.
PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG PRIMARY CAREGIVERS OF PATIENTS WITH MAJOR NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER – A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Chirayil Athira Surendran , Sivasubramoney Krishnan , P Chithra
Published: August 2023

Background: Major Neurocognitive Disorder describes a disease process marked by progressive cognitive impairment. Major Neurocognitive
disorder is one of the major causes of disability and dependency worldwide. Caregivers are vulnerable to stress and other adverse effects. The
stressful experiences through which they are passing each day can affect their physical and psychological health. Objectives: The study primarily
aims to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in primary caregivers of patients with Major Neurocognitive Disorder. The study also
estimates correlation of depressive symptoms with perceived stress and association of Depressive symptoms with various sociodemographic and
clinical variables. Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 110 adult patients from Psychiatry and Medical
neurology OPD and IPD, Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram. Caregivers were assessed for depressive symptoms by using PHQ 9,
Perceived stress was assessed by PSS 10 scale. By using Chi-square test association between sociodemographic and clinical variables were found
out, and Pearson correlation test was used to assess the correlation between stress and depressive symptoms Results: The prevalence of depressive
symptoms among primary caregivers of patients with Major Neurocognitive Disorder is 72.9% and 36.9% primary caregivers had clinical
depression. The study showed positive correlation of depressive symptoms with stress. Conclusion: Prevalence of depressive symptoms and
clinical depression is high in primary caregivers of patients with Major Neurocognitive Disorder. Hence it is mandatory to do caregiver assessment
as a part of providing treatment for the patient
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN 7-POINT SELF-MONITORING OF BLOOD GLUCOSE (SMBG) AND HBA1C LEVELS, AS WELLAS LIPID PROFILE, IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Agrawal Akash , Verma Amit , Arya Ajay
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has emerged as a global epidemic, with increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide. Self-monitoring of
blood glucose (SMBG) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) are important tools for managing diabetes. This study aimed to explore the
correlation between 7-point SMBG with HbA1c and lipid prole in type 2 diabetes, as well as evaluate the feasibility of applying CGM concepts on
a larger scale. Objective:The objective of this study was to establish a possible correlation between 7-point SMBG with HbA1c and lipid prole in
type 2 diabetes. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Shri Mahant Indiresh Hospital in Patel Nagar, Dehradun. The study
population included individuals aged 18 years and above with type 2 diabetes. Clinical history assessment, physical examinations, and necessary
investigations were performed. Blood samples were collected for glucose, HbA1c, and lipid prole analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted
using SPSS. Results: The study included 50 participants with a mean age of 62.24±11.22 years and a mean duration of diabetes of 16.42±5.86
years. The mean HbA1c was 8.50±2.45%. The measurement of blood sugar levels at different time intervals during the day showed an increasing
trend from 4 am to nighttime.Correlation analysis revealed signicant positive associations between HbA1c and sugar levels at all seven points.
Triglycerides and VLDLshowed signicant positive associations with the 4 am blood sugar level. Conclusion: The study ndings demonstrated a
positive correlation between HbA1c and 7-point SMBG in type 2 diabetes. Non-glycemic parameters, such as lipid prole, showed a worsening
trend in diabetic patients with time spent outside the target glucose range. These results highlight the importance of regular blood glucose
monitoring and provide insights for managing diabetes effectively. Further prospective evaluations are necessary to complement existing
retrospective studies and enhance understanding of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS IN URUGUAY.
Authors: Camejo Natalia , Castillo Cecilia , Herrera Guadalupe , Strazzarino Noelia , Rodríguez Valeria , Amarillo Dahiana , Cabrera Lujan , Dörner Carolina , Krygier Gabriel
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Patient satisfaction plays an important role in maintaining health service utilisation, in the continuity of the doctor-patient relationship and in adherence to treatment. Objective: Determine the degree of satisfaction of patients treated for breast cancer (BC) in two public university centres in Uruguay and identify areas for improvement. Materials and Methods: Multicentre, cross-sectional study using the SERVQHOS questionnaire, adapted to the eld of the study of BC. Results: Atotal of 170 patients were surveyed, showing relatively high scores on items related to quality of care, with the highest median score being 3.86 (SD 0.48) for the item: information provided by the nursing staff, and the lowest being 2.76 (SD 0.45) for the item: waiting time for consultation. As for the stand-alone items: 90% were satised with the care received, 93.5% would recommend the service, 91.2% think they received the information needed on diagnosis and treatment and were able to express their doubts and complications. However, 10.6% thought that they were under the care of the service for longer than necessary and 8.8% did not know the name of their doctor. Conclusion: High scores were found for the items related to objective and subjective quality of care; however, the aspects related to waiting time need to be improved. Reducing waiting time and making the doctor's name known could improve patients' receptiveness and thus their therapeutic behaviour.
UNICYSTIC AMELOBLASTOMA- A CASE REPORT AND A SHORT REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Kulkarni Palna , Ahmed Wala , Al Madani Alyaa , Marek Karas
Published: August 2023

Ameloblastoma has been described by Robinson as a tumor which is “usually unicentric, nonfunctional, intermittent in growth, anatomically 1 benign and clinically persistent” .It mostly occurs in second and third decades of life but it can be seen in children. It is usually asymptomatic for a 4 long period, slow growing, aggressive, locally invasive tumor with multiple histological variants and high recurrence rates . The term Unicystic Ameloblastoma (UA) refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical and radiological characteristics of an odontogenic cyst but on histological 6 examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium, lining part of the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor growth. Unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) is an uncommon variant of ameloblastoma and behaves totally different from the solid multicystic variant of 7 ameloblastoma (SMA). Here, we report a case of unicystic ameloblastoma which was misdiagnosed radiographically as dentigerous cyst in a 29-year-old female with a review of the literature.
“TO KNOW EFFECTIVENESS OF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE TECHNIQUE (MFR) WITH ULTRASOUND IN CHRONIC TENNIS ELBOW CONDITION”
Authors: Sai Priya Moulika B. , Pal Renuka , Khan Jafar , Joshi Jayesh
Published: August 2023

At the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, there occurs a painful condition called lateral epicondylitis. Myofascial Release Technique (MFR) along with ultrasound was administered to the subjects. The post mean score of PRTEE questionnaire were compared for these treatment methods (Myofascial release technique and Ultrasound) of these independent subjects before and after the treatment. There is a signicant difference noted in the pre and post treatment mean value as73.27 and 46.87 respectively. From the above data, the post treatment mean values are lower when compared to the pre treatment. The results show that MFR with ultrasound is aeffective pain reduction intervention in chronic tennis elbow condition.
PRIMARY OVARIAN CANCER PREVENTION WITH CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS
Authors: Stoica Liscan Georgeta
Published: August 2023

Though some theories include the cumulative consequences of repeated ovulation, the genesis of ovarian cancer is still poorly 1 understood With exposure to high gonadotropin concentrations in the 2 ovary. Reproductive factors that interrupt ovulation, such as pregnancies, oral contraceptive use, and lactation, consistently have 3-8 been associated with a reduced ovarian cancer risk. Carriers of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations have a higher lifetime chance of getting ovarian cancer. In this high-risk demographic, oral contraceptives have been demonstrated to considerably reduce the risk 9 of ovarian cancer by about 50%.
FETAL MOVEMENT - OVERVIEW
Authors: Dinesh Subasri
Published: August 2023

Amongst the most expected phases during pregnancy is when you
could feel your baby "interacting" with you through kicks from inside
tummy. It's also somewhat special because sharing those eeting
moments with the partner when the tummy would visibly move and
bulge is like having him or her as an active participant in your
pregnancy, too. Feeling baby kick for the rst time is an exhilarating
and remarkable milestone in pregnancy.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL RADIOULNAR SYNOSTOSIS TREATED WITH ROTATIONAL OSTEOTOMY
Authors: Mozhi Rajan Arun , Babu Suresh , Hara Subramanian Hari
Published: August 2023

Congenital radio ulnar synostosis (CRUS) is one of the most
common congenital disorders affecting the elbow and forearm, with
the forearm being xed in a range of positions usually varying from
neutral rotation to severe pronation. The deformity shows a bilateral
affection in 60% of cases. The deformity was originally described by
Sandifort in 1793. CRUS can be associated with syndromes,
chromosomal disorders and other abnormalities of the upper limb.
Shoulder and wrist joints usually compensate for any functional decit
in cases of mild deformities, whereas activities of daily living can be
severely diminished in xed pronation deformities of a higher grade or
whenever bilateral involvement is present. The deformity is classied
on the basis of the presence of an osseous synostosis and the location of
the radial head into four categories. The deformity can be managed by
either no surgery in cases where the forearm is xed in a useful,
functional position, mobilization surgery, which excises the bar and
the created space is lled by a tissue such as fat or fascia, and corrective
(rotation) osteotomy, which places the forearm in a more functional
position. The latter is currently the most preferred according to the
literature. In such cases undergoing osteotomy, there is improvement
in functional activities aided by the compensatory action of the
shoulder and wrist joints. In contrast, the motion of the forearm after
undergoing mobilization surgery is usually around 82 degrees, ranging
from 45 to 110 degrees. Kanaya et al. Devised an innovative
procedure combining both modalities, with a free vascularized graft
placed between the bones after synostosis excision followed by a
proximal osteotomy through the synostosis; however, the results of
this procedure were rather mediocre and have not been replicated by
other studies. Jones et al., however, performing a similar procedure in a
case with a posttraumatic synostosis, observed a good result with full
forearm motion 3 years postoperatively. In general, osteotomies can
be performed proximally at the level of the synostosis, distally in the
radius, or as a double-level osteotomy. According to the literature,
bone xation is most often performed using K-wires or plates. Several
complications such as loss of correction, nerve palsies and
compartment syndrome have been reported.
STUDY OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS INJURY
Authors: A. Rana Hiren , Gothwal Sudarshan , Guguloth Divya
Published: August 2023

Introduction The introduction of novel distal nerve transfers has changed the way in which brachial plexus surgery is being performed. Although
full recovery of function after brachial plexus reconstruction still remains unachievable, the exciting developments of the past several years have
considerably improved surgical outcomes, and future directions for research are promising. Aim And Ojective To review incidence, mechanics,
various patterns, treatment regimes, outcome and morbidity factors of various types of Brachial plexus injury and various circumstances which led
to Brachial plexus injury in our department. Material And Methods This study is prospective study and 24 patients with adult brachial plexus
injury admitted during the period from 2014 to 2017 are included in this study. Patients with adult brachial plexus injury, initially treated elsewhere
and referred to our department are also included in the study. Paediatric brachial plexus injury obstetric brachial plexus palsy are not included in
this study Results In this study brachial plexus injury injuries are more common in male (90%) compared to female ( 20%), more in age group of
20-30 years( 54%), road trafc accident is the most common mode of injury ( 79.16%), maximum number of patients presented between 3 to 6
months of injury(50%), 75% patients had preganglionic injury and supraclavicular injury(95.8%) ,more common in right side(62.5%), upper and
middle trunk mostly involved( 90% and 83.3% respectively). 79.16% patients were operated with anterior approach. Neurotization with spinal
accessory nerve (SAN) to suprascapular nerve (SSN) done in 95% patients out of 24 patients through posterior approach. Neurotization with
phrenic to musculocutaneous nerve (MC) and intercostal nerve (ICN) to musculocutaneous nerve through anterior approach in 79% and 21%
patients respectively. Conclusion This study gives an insight into the epidemiological aspects of brachial plexus injuries in our unit which reects
the situation in India and also about the few parameters of quality of life following brachial plexus injuries.
“ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING OF 87 URINARY ISOLATES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI WITH EMPHASIS ON FOSFOMYCIN”
Authors: G S Banashankari , Rama Soujanya Betu
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect all age groups and genders and are one of the most common infectious diseases. In the present
era, there is an increased rate of isolation of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative organisms. Fosfomycin a broad-spectrum antimicrobial
with high renal concentration is one of the therapeutic options for these UTIs. In this study, an antimicrobial susceptibility pattern with emphasis on
Fosfomycin of isolates of Escherichia coli from urine was done. Antimicrobial Materials and methods: susceptibility testing was performed on
87 urinary isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Statistical software: Analysis of data was done by SPSS
version 21. Graphs have been generated using Microsoft Word and Excel. All the isola Results: tes were (100%) susceptible to fosfomycin, 90.8%
were susceptible to nitrofurantoin, followed by meropenem which is 81.6%, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam was being 71.3%. With the Conclusion:
non-availability of a new group of antimicrobials and an increase in multidrug-resistant pathogens, it is come to a point to reuse the older drug
fosfomycin with a broad spectrum of activity with minimal side effects and cross-resistance which can be used as monotherapy or in combination.
EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO ASSISTED INTERVENTIONS ON PREPAREDNESS AMONG PATIENTS POSTED FOR CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: James Paul
Published: August 2023

The study was aimed to identify the effectiveness of video assisted interventions on preparedness among patients posted for coronary angiography
at a selected hospital, Kottayam. Assess the preparedness of patients Objectives: posted for coronary angiography in the experimental and control
group, Determine the effectiveness of video assisted interventions on preparedness among patients posted for coronary angiography in the
experimental group, Determine the association between the preparedness scores of patients posted for coronary angiography and selected
demographic variables. A Quasi experimental approach with a pre test and post test control group de Method: sign was used for the study. The
sample consisted of 60 subjects. The patients were selected by using purposive sampling. The tools used was Questionnaire. Preparedness was
assessed under 7 domains they were understanding, attitude, interpersonal skill, self condence, coping, self directed learning and Level of Stress.
Multiple choice questionnaire was devised to assess understanding regarding coronary angiography; 5 point Likert scale to assess the attitude,
interpersonal skill, self condence, coping, self directed learning and Stress , with regard to Coronary Angiography. A Video Assisted Intervention
was given regarding preparations before, during and after coronary Angiography. Content validity of the tool was done with the help of experts and
reliability was checked by test retest method. The ndings revealed that Results: the mean of pretest and posttest preparedness scores of
experimental group was 115.97 and 119.03 and standard deviation was 4.694 and 3.935. The 'p'-value of preparedness score was <0.05 which
indicated high level of signicance when tested statistically at 5% level of signicance. The t-calculated value of preparedness scores using
paired't'-test tcal was 8.709, which was more than the't'-table value ttab(29) = 2.045. Hence, the research hypothesis is accepted. There is no
signicant association between preparedness score and any of selected demographic variables namely age, gender, religion, education, occupation,
physical dependency and presence of spouse
PERIORBITAL CUTANEOUS METASTASIS AS A PRESENTING SYMPTOM OF LOBULAR BREAST CARCINOMA: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Badwa Dashrath , Laul Rachana , Asia Anand , Soni Daksha
Published: August 2023

Metastasis can have a devastating impact on a patient's life. Eyelid metastasis is a rare occurrence, with less than 1% cases. Breast carcinoma is the most common carcinoma with metastasis to periocular region. Bilateral eyelids with bilateral breast involvement have not been documented in literature yet. This is a case report of a 45-year-old female with bilateral periocular lesions, presenting as a diagnostic conundrum which compels to diversify the line of thought.
Importancia del autoexamen de mama para el diagnóstico precoz de cáncer de mama
Authors: Vides Guerra María Olivia Salomé
Published: August 2023

PROBLEMA: El cáncer de mama se ha convertido en la principal causa de muerte por cáncer en la población femenina de todo el mundo. El diagnóstico temprano de este carcinoma mejora el pronóstico de las pacientes afectadas. OBJETIVO: Describir la importancia del autoexamen de mama para el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama. MÉTODO: Se llevó a cabo una investigación documental basada en la temática de la importancia del autoexamen de mama para el diagnóstico de cáncer, la maniobra general para la evaluación del autoexamen, manifestaciones clínicas tempranas durante el autoexamen y la educación en salud y promoción sanitaria. RESULTADOS: En Guatemala no existen registros públicos que permitan establecer la prevalencia de cáncer de mama. El cáncer de mama continúa siendo un flagelo para la salud de las féminas, en especial, para las mujeres de las áreas rurales del país. A través del autoexamen realizado de manera oportuna puede identificarse las manifestaciones clínicas tempranas del cáncer de mama. CONCLUSIÓN: La importancia de realizar el autoexamen de mama recae en el hecho de que se ha convertido en un método fundamental para el diagnóstico precoz de cáncer de mama por lo que constituye un instrumento de prevención para la población en general y para el equipo básico de salud, en el nivel primario de atención médica.
Actualización en el tratamiento de resucitación del gran quemado
Authors: De León Orellana Kevin Elly
Published: August 2023

PROBLEMA: La resucitación en el paciente gran quemado requiere de la recuperación de la hemodinamia lo antes posible; para ello, la piedra angular o el pilar de este tratamiento se basa en la fluidoterapia precoz y oportuna, para este fin, a lo largo de las últimas décadas se han empleado diversos métodos; sin embargo, algunos han dejado de ser oportunos. OBJETIVO: Describir las actualizaciones en cuanto al tratamiento de resucitación en el paciente gran quemado. MÉTODO: Se estableció una investigación monográfica de carácter documental para analizar literatura científica sobre las actualizaciones del abordaje de los pacientes gran quemado. RESULTADOS: Algunos de los métodos de resucitación del paciente gran quemado, tales como Evans y Brooke, han dejado de ser útiles debido a la laboriosidad de su ecuación, lo que hace que se pierda tiempo vital para el abordaje; además, no satisfacen los requerimientos de fluidos que precisa el paciente para lograr las metas hemodinámicas establecidas. Por ello, en los últimos años, la comunidad científica ha optado por métodos como Brooke modificada, Parkland y la Regla de los 10. CONCLUSIÓN: Utilizar el método más rápido y adecuado en términos de volumen es propicio para garantizar la supervivencia del paciente. La regla de los 10 es una guía útil que establece pautas para determinar la cantidad de líquido necesaria según la extensión de las quemaduras.
Retiro de tornillo transindesmal en fracturas de tobillo
Authors: Ortiz Aguilar Francisco Adelmo
Published: August 2023

PROBLEMA: El retiro del tornillo transindesmal continúa siendo una controversia con respecto al tiempo del retiro óptimo, si se utilizan 3 o 4 corticales para su fijación, si la altura de la sujeción trascenderá en su recuperación o si el retiro se realiza solo en pacientes con síntomas asociados al material de implante OBJETIVO: Conocer el tiempo óptimo del retiro del tornillo transindesmal en fracturas de tobillo. MÉTODO: Se realizó una extensa revisión bibliográfica para conocer cuál es el tiempo óptimo para el retiro del tornillo transindesmal, buscando en la literatura existente en UpToDate, Elsevier, PubMed, utilizando los términos el futuro del tornillo transindesmal, permanencia o retiro. RESULTADOS: La extracción de los tornillos sindesmóticos a los 3 meses resultó en la superposición de tibia y peroné ligeramente más bajo (<1 mm) y un espacio claro de tibia y peroné mayor (0,5 mm) en las radiografías de mortaja que la retención del tornillo, incluso si los tornillos retenidos se aflojaron o se rompieron CONCLUSIÓN: El tiempo óptimo de retiro del tornillo transindesmal es en promedio de 50-55.6 días posterior a la cirugía, sin embargo existen criterios para retirarlos antes de este tiempo según la rigidez del tobillo, dolor y la limitación funcional del paciente.
Exploring Drug & Substance Abuse Implications 2023
Authors: Ali Mowahib Osman
Published: August 2023

Background: An estimated 19.5 million people aged 12 or older in the United States have had a substance use disorder related to illicit drugs or alcohol in 2020 (Hoenig, 2020). Drug addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviors. The primary causes of which include interrelated brain networks that comprise the reward and anti-reward system, as well as the central immune system. While its validity as a disease is controversial, many attribute its existence to moral failing and personal choice. As such, it remains a complex phenomenon that alters the brain function and leads to a plethora of psychological and neurological changes, temporary and permanent. Interestingly, there are several factors that contribute to an individual’s vulnerability to drug addiction, the most surprising of which is genetic predispositions, environmental factors, early drug introductions and everything in between. Drug abuse remains a critical global issue that has severe implications for public health and societal well-being. Aims: By shedding light on their addictive properties and the resulting physiological and psychological consequences this article aims to raise awareness about the dangers associated with these substances. Furthermore, this article investigates the significant risks that come hand in hand with drug abuse. In addition to examining the causes and risks of drug abuse, it delves into preventive measures as well as treatment approaches. Evidence based strategies such as education programs, early intervention initiatives, harm reduction practices and policy measures are essential in reducing both the prevalence and harmful effects of drug abuse. Moreover, exploring various treatment modalities ranging from pharmacological interventions to behavioral therapies - It emphasizes the importance of personalized, comprehensive and multidisciplinary approaches when it comes to tackling drug addiction. .....