bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
化工安全事故发生成因及预防措施研究
Authors: 张 峰 , 张 新一
Published: February 2020

化工行业是促进我国国民经济增长，推动社会现代化建设与发展的支柱型产业。随着近些年我国社会经济体制的深化改革，我国化工工业得到迅速发展，化工生产规模大幅度提升，化工企业经营产品类型呈现出多元化发展态势。但由于化工生产存在一定特殊性，易受多种因素影响，在实践中发生爆炸、燃烧、腐蚀、污染等安全事故，危害人民群众身体健康与财产安全。对此，有必要加强化工安全事故发生成因与预防措施的研究，推动化工行业健康与长效发展。
刍议幕墙设计对建筑外立面设计的影响
Authors: 董 兴斌
Published: February 2020

随着城镇化的急速发展，人们越来越多的涌入到了城市中进行生活和工作，城市的土地资源日益紧张，建筑工程项目的建设更多的朝着更高的高度迈进，建筑技术和建筑材料的革新突破也为一幢幢的摩天建筑的建设打下了坚实的基础。我国建筑工程项目的建造过程中，建筑应用幕墙结构的形式也越来越常见，对建筑工程项目的防护以及装饰发挥了很大的作用。这种幕墙建造施工技术不仅可以有效地改善建筑物的外观，而且其本身的结构建设也会变得更加系统。随着建筑行业的相关技术发展更加成熟和完善，也为了更好地满足人民群众对于建筑物美观性、个性化的客观需求，建筑工程项目的幕墙设计也迎来了更大的发展机遇和发展挑战。在这个背景下，建筑工程项目的设计施工企业都需要注重建筑工程的幕墙设计工作，不仅要满足工程项目建造师功德整体质量和建筑安全，也要满足人们对于建筑物美观的需求，此外也要体现当前生态环保和资源节约的生态效益。
低层装配式钢结构住宅的施工工艺研究
Authors: 姚 军
Published: February 2020

随着我国建筑业飞速发展，钢结构住宅日趋增多，极大带动了钢结构住宅施工工艺的进步。文章将对低层装配式钢结构住宅常见施工问题进行分析，探究低层装配式钢结构住宅具体施工工艺技术应用，以为相关单位提供一些技术上的借鉴。
武汉市两江四岸地区的发展历程与规划研究
Authors: 徐 晶
Published: February 2020

文中梳理并回顾了20余年武汉两江四岸地区的规划探索和实践历程，在这一过程中，武汉市两江四岸地区的发展经过了沿江缓慢发展、高速发展、转型发展的历史时期，规划工作也历经了保护性规划、主动干预、多规合一、统筹谋划的各个阶段，是对人-水关系的重新认知，是武汉城市规划的不断创新和实践，也是实施机制和协调机制不断改进和优化。剖析这一历程，对其发展经验的适用性和特殊性进行了分析，希望能对武汉和其他城市探索滨水地区规划路径有所启示。
EDİRNE YENİ SARAYI ÇİNİ-KERAMİKLERİ NEREDE ÜRETİLDİ
Authors: Cantay Gönül
Published: February 2020

Edirne Yeni Sarayı Matbah-ı Âmire Yemek Salonları yapısı etrafında, 1999 yılında başladığımız kazıların hemen ilk günlerinde, toplu lüle buluntuları ve tasvirli mavi-beyaz keramiklerin iki döşeme arasında, özel dolgu olarak bulunmuştur. Devamında elde edilen keramik buluntuların çeşitliliği ve bazılarının bütünlenebilir olmalarıyla, kullanım kapları olarak, tanımlarının yapılabilmesi mümkün olmuştur. İznik Çini-keramik buluntularıyla örtüşmeyen farklı buluntular, bu yazıma konu olan soruyu, önce kendime sormaya, sonra da kaynaklarda ve çevrede araştırmaya başladım. Edirne Müzesi deposundaki bir kaç kutu çini parçalarının, Cihannüma yapısı birikintileri arasından toplandığını öğrenmek, Osmanlı döneminin bu ikinci başkentinin coğrafî çevresinde, ham madde kaynaklarının varlığını da öğrenmek, Edirne Yeni Sarayı'nın çini ve keramik buluntularının Nerede üretildiği ? sorusuna cevap aramayı gerektirdi.
Сигнальний шлях Hedgehog: від механізмів трансдукції до пошуку протипухлинних засобів
Authors: Шарикіна Н. І. , Радівоєвич А. Г. , Мунько М. А. , Максюта С. В. , Бухтіарова Т. А.
Published: February 2020

У статті наведено огляд сучасних даних щодо клітинного сигнального шляху Hedgehog, у тому числі за пухлинного росту. Розглянуті основні ланки трансдукції мітогенних сигналів як мішеней для пошуку протипухлинних засобів. Відмічено перші успіхи в цьому напрямі: препарати – Вісмодегіб, Сонідегіб та біологічно активні речовини – GANT 58, GANT 61 та ін., активні за деяких форм злоякісних новоутворень людини.
Фармакофорне моделювання діуретичної активності похідних 1,3-тіазолу та 1,3,4-тіадіазолу
Authors: Драпак І. В.
Published: February 2020

Фармакофорне моделювання є одним з перспективних напрямів комп’ютерної підтримки розробки ліків (Computer-Aided Drug Design). Цей метод дозволяє встановити набір та взаємне розташування специфічних молекулярних фрагментів, які необхідні для прояву біологічної активності. Мета дослідження – фармакофорне моделювання похідних 1,3-тіазолу та 1,3,4-тіадіазолу для цілеспрямованого пошуку потенційних діуретиків. Для моделювання фармакофора, відповідального за прояв діуретичної активності в ряду досліджених сполук, використовували комп’ютерну програму MOE (Molecular Operating Environment). Фармакофорне моделювання ряду похідних тіазолу та тіадіазолу як потенційних діуретиків, активність яких встановлена in vivo, дало змогу виділити можливий фармакофор, що складається з ароматичного кільця, двох проекцій акцептора водневого зв’язку та однієї проекції донора водневого зв’язку. Точність класифікації активних і неактивних сполук даною моделлю становить 0,74, дана модель може надалі застосовуватись для in silico скринінгу молекулярних баз даних з метою ідентифікації віртуальних хітів. Порівнюючи узгодженість N-(5-метил-1,3,4-тіадіазол-2-іл)пропанаміду та ацетазоламіду з розробленою фармакофорною моделлю, визначено модулюючий вплив замісника в 5-му положенні тіадіазольного кільця на силу діуретичного ефекту in vivo. Отримані дані свідчать, що замісники з позитивним індуктивним і мезомерним ефектом у цьому положенні можуть сприяти кращій афінності досліджуваних молекул до їхньої біомішені (якою з найбільшою ймовірністю є карбоангідраза). Подальші модифікації фрагментів у 5-му положенні тіадіазольного скаффолду є перспективним напрямом для розширення бібліотеки потенційних діуретиків.
Моделювання артеріальної гіпертензії шляхом тривалого сольового навантаження. Моніторинг функціонування серцево-судинної системи та динаміки інтегральних показників життєдіяльності в щурів (частина II)
Authors: Серединська Н. М. , Хоменко В. С. , Марченко О. М. , Марченко-Толста К. С. , Киричок Л. М.
Published: February 2020

Запропоновано нову модель артеріальної гіпертензії (АГ), індуковану тривалим сольовим навантаженням. Розробка такої моделі базується на ролі натрію хлориду у функціонуванні життєво важливих органів і систем, у генезі АГ та її судинних порушень. Недостатня вивченість механізмів розвитку сольової АГ, фазності та тривалості патологічного стану за умов продовження сольового навантаження на тривалий час (до декількох місяців), особливостей дії різних лікарських засобів на тлі підвищеного споживання солі, стану серцево-судинної системи та інтегральних показників життєдіяльності зумовили мету дослідження. Мета дослідження – вивчити стан серцево-судинної системи та динаміку інтегральних показників життєдіяльності в білих щурів за формування АГ шляхом тривалого сольового навантаження. Формування нової моделі АГ забезпечувалося сольовим навантаженням щурів упродовж 81 доби за умов заміни води на 1 % розчин натрію хлориду з вільним доступом тварин до пиття. За проведення динамічних досліджень встановлено, що модель АГ характеризується суттєвим підвищенням артеріального тиску на 10–18 % у самиць і на 14–36 % у самців, про що свідчать зміни зазначеного показника в різні терміни від початку до 81 доби сольового навантаження. Значне зростання артеріального тиску спостерігалося в 54,5–66,6 % тварин упродовж 60 діб від початку сольового навантаження, водночас кількість тварин з підвищеним артеріальним тиском знижувалася до 23,6 % через 81 добу від початку сольового навантаження. Продовження сольового навантаження понад 21 добу характеризувалося розвитком брадикардії. Збільшення терміну сольового навантаження в щурів не призводило до суттєвої зміни інтегральних показників життєдіяльності різних органів і систем, патологічної зміни маси тіла тварин і коефіцієнтів маси внутрішніх органів, у тому числі тимуса. За формування АГ на 18–30 % знижувалася больова чутливість у щурів і спостерігався набряк кінцівок (суглобів і м’яких тканин стоп), що зростав з тривалістю сольового навантаження й перевищував значення в інтактних тварин понад 21 % через 81 добу від початку формування моделі АГ. Запропонована модель АГ відрізняється простотою формування, економічністю, досягненням відповідного ефекту в значної кількості щурів різної статі, можливістю відбору тварин з підвищеним артеріальним тиском на будь-якому етапі формування патологічного процесу, можливістю їхнього утримання за звичайних лабораторних умов, відсутністю загибелі тварин. Формування моделі АГ шляхом тривалого сольового навантаження не потребує спеціальної підготовки фахівців. Модель АГ за тривалого сольового навантаження пропонується для дослідження специфічної фармакологічної ефективності (гіпотензивної дії) і безпечності новосинтезованих сполук і відомих ліків за умов їхнього тривалого застосування.
Скринінгове дослідження фригопротекторних властивостей нестероїдних протизапальних препаратів за гострого загального охолодження
Authors: Капелька І. Г. , Штриголь С. Ю.
Published: February 2020

В Україні холодові травми (ХТ) є досить частим явищем. Вони виникають частіше в зимовий час, коли кількість постраждалих сягає понад 12 000 осіб. ХТ спостерігається переважно в молодих осіб працездатного віку, супроводжується великим відсотком інвалідизації та значними матеріальними витратами на лікування потерпілих. Більшій частині постраждалих необхідне стаціонарне лікування, смертність перевищує 10 %. Особливо небезпечною ХТ є в умовах війни, оскільки може спричинити до 25 % санітарних втрат. Значну роль у патогенезі ХТ відіграють простациклін, простагландин F2a і тромбоксан А2, що відповідають за розвиток судинних реакцій. З урахуванням механізму розвитку ХТ можна вважати перспективними фригопротекторами нестероїдні протизапальні препарати (НПЗП), які пригнічують синтез простагландинів. Мета дослідження – порівняти виразність фригопротекторного ефекту низки НПЗП з різною селективністю щодо ЦОГ на моделі гострого загального охолодження (ГЗО). Роботу виконано на білих мишах обох статей масою 20–24 г. ГЗО моделювали за температури – 18 °С. Визначали інтегральний показник фригопротекторної дії – час життя тварин. Використовували неселективні інгібітори ЦОГ – ацетилсаліцилову кислоту (АСК) (Аспірин, таблетки, «Bayer», Німеччина), ібупрофен (Бруфен, порошок, «Abbott», США), мефенамінову кислоту (Мефенамінова кислотаДарниця, таблетки, «Дарниця», Україна), диклофенак натрію (Вольтарен, таблетки, «Novartis», Швейцарія); помірно селективний інгібітор ЦОГ – мелоксикам (Моваліс, таблетки, «Boehringer Ingelheim», Німеччина); високоселективний інгібітор ЦОГ – целекоксиб (Целебрекс, таблетки, «Pfizer», США), які вводили в різних дозах у шлунок за 30 хв до початку ГЗО. Визначено два препарати-лідери з різним профілем селективності щодо ЦОГ: целекоксиб (74 мг/кг) і диклофенак натрію (14 мг/кг). Вони збільшили час життя тварин більше ніж на 50 %, що достовірно перевищує ефект АСК (25 мг/кг). Ці два препарати можна вважати перспективними для подальших поглиблених досліджень фригопротекторної дії. Отже, фригопротекторні властивості НПЗП за ГЗО суттєво відрізняються та не виявляють суворої залежності від селективності щодо ізоформ ЦОГ.
KONSEP AKSESBILITAS DAN VEGETASI PADA TAMAN BERMAIN ANAK DIFABEL DI SLB-C LAWANG
Authors: Setyabudi Irawan , Hastutiningtyas Wahidyanti Rahayu , Olo Maria Nelde
Published: February 2020

Person with disabilities has different needs than normal individuals. This difference causes limitations in movement and orientation. As a designer, of course in creating facilities can be used all levels of society, so the need for special treatment in design. Part of architectural context other than buildings is open space. Open space has another function, as a circulation path can also be developed in the form of park. Benefits for people with disabilities, parks can also be a means of learning, training independence and therapeutic areas. In the case study selected location in SLB-C Lawang (tuna grahita or mental retardation), this location has a large area for the development of garden design of motor development and mental children with disabilities or called educational park. The park is divided into two zones: active and passive. The active zone consists of a children's playroom and a sensory park that trains the senses of the five senses, while the passive zone as a park to be visually enjoyed. Therapeutic activities for mental retardation are not just for healing but to practice the senses' abilities of smell, taste, touch, and listener. Initially still an open space that has not been functioned specifically. The problem in this research is how the concept of accessibility and vegetation so that facilities can be used. The objective of the study was to develop a system in parks that can be enjoyed by people with disabilities and as a means of therapy. The result of this research is a concept of ease of achievement of garden for children with disfigured attention to detail of circulation design and variety of vegetation that support the concept of sensory garden so as therapy area.
PEMELIHARAAN HAZARD DI PADANG GOLF MATOA NASIONAL, JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Dlukha Samsud , Wardiningsih Sitti , Febriani Yusi , Syahadat Ray March , Putra Priambudi Trie
Published: February 2020

Padang Golf Matoa Nasional is a 18 hole golf course that located in South Jakarta and

designed with international standards. A game area of golf courses consist of several

zones. The zones need to be maintained by form of ideal and maintenance activities.

This study focuses on the maintenance of hazard zones (bunkers, water hazards, and

rough) as important part of the golf game area. The purpose of this article provides

recommendations on system maintenance hazard in Padang Golf Matoa Nasional so

that the quality of the landscape and the game remains optimal. The results obtained in

general maintenance hazard zone has been good. To realize optimal results, it is required

labor ratios ranging from 1:0,1 to 1:0,3. Furthermore, it is needed to increase the

number and renewing putty knife and hoe for effective use of maintenance process.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENGHAMBAT PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER ANAK BURUH TANI DIKABUPATEN PONOROGO
Authors: Arvianti Eri Yusnita , Asnah Asnah , Prasetyo Anung Nugroho
Published: February 2020

Character education is an education that teaches about the values of human behavior associated with the Almighty God, human beings, the environment, and nationality were manifest in mind attitudes, feelings, words, and actions based on religious norms, legal norms, manners, culture, and customs. This study aims to determine the obstacles of character education and the influences of character education to children in the family farm laborers to consistency in the agricultural sector. This research was conducted in the Sukosari Village and Mojorejo Village in Ponorogo Districit from April until November 2016. The approach used in this research is quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results showed that the obstacle of parents in teaching children of farming is capital in an attempt to develop farming. Furthermore, the results of multiple regression analysis is the regression equation Y = 1.733 + 0.785X1 - 0.208X2 + 0.622X3 + ε. Hypothesis testing simultaneously explains that awareness of children, the child's feelings and actions in character education of children by parents significantly affect the consistency of child farm workers to pursue agriculture. Partial test showed awareness of children and children's actions significantly influence interest in farming in Ponorogo, while feeling effect is not significant..
ANALISIS KOMPARATIF PENDAPATAN USAHATANI TEBU PETANI KKP-E DAN PETANI NON KKP-E (Studi Kasus Desa Bululawang Kecamatan Bululawang Kabupaten Malang)
Authors: Khoirunnisa Ninin , Dwi Julianto Reza Prakoso
Published: February 2020

Sugarcane farming income can be increased by the good application of farming technology and the capital. This study aims to analyze sgarcane farming income between the sugarcane use Kredit Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi (KKP-E) and farmers not utilise of KKP-E. This research take loctions in Bululawang Village Bululawang Subdistrict Malang District purposefully. The determination of sample done by using simple random method. The data collection was done with the interview method, observation, and documentation. The data analysis method used farming analysis and the average different test. The research result show that between the average farming income of KKP-E farmers and non KKP-E farmers don`t have significant difference. This is due to difference componen authors costs farming between KKP-E farmers and non KKP-E farmers only about they take KKP-E or not. So, that the fundamental difference only on the where abouts interest of KKP-E.
KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA GELATIN KULIT IKAN AYAM-AYAM ( Abaliste stellaris ) DENGAN PRA-PERLAKUAN KONSENTRASI ASAM SITRAT
Authors: Jaziri Abdul Aziz , Muyasyaroh H. , Firdaus M.
Published: February 2020

Gelatin is a fibrous protein obtained by partial denaturation of collagen. Traditionally, gelatin derived  from mammals’ skins and bones, such as cow and pork. However, both mammals’ gelatin could risk for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and foot mouth disease (FMD), besides, gelatin extracted from pork is prohibited in Islam rules. Therefore, fish processing waste is potential as a source of gelatin in terms of starry triggerfish (Abalistes stellaris) skin gelatin. The aims of this study is to characterize physichochemical of gelatin extracted from skin of starry triggerfish. The methods used in this research, experiment with completely randomized design (CDR) by soaking different concentrations of citric acid (0.2; 0.4; and 0.6 M). The results showed that the concentrations of citric acid  had significantly different (P<0.05) on the yield, viscosity, gel strength, and fat content of starry triggerfish skin gelatin. On the other hand, the pH, melting point, galling point, protein, moisture, and ash value of starry triggerfish skin gelatin did not perform significantly different (P>0.05). The most properties of starry triggerfish skin gelatin meet the commercial gelatin, and it is able to as a potential alternative of halal gelatin.
ANALISIS BAURAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP PERILAKU KONSUMEN DAGING SAPI DAN IMPLIKASI STRATEGI PEMASARAN DI HYPERMART KOTA MALANG
Authors: Astuti Farida Kusuma , Suroto Karunia Setyowati , Santoso Erik Priyo
Published: February 2020

This research is attempt to bring out marketing mix that dominate the consumer behavior in purchasing beef, to know marketing factors model that recognized by consumer to purchase the beef and to know what marketing strategy implemented by Hypermart MATOS. The research conducted from May to July 2018 involving 100 respondents. A purposive sampling methods was carefully used in determining respondents. Research is conducted by gathering data from primary source that is questionnaire and secondary source directly collected from the firm. Primary data analysis processed in order to highlight factor model that considered by consumer and SWOT analysis to describe company’s condition in specifying marketing strategy. The result shows that marketing mix most considered by consumer to purchase the beef including the product it self, place and promotions influences 26,414 percent, 26,165 percent and 22,778 percent, respectively. Factor model we considered including: factor 1 : competitive price and product it self such variable X5 (flavor), X7 (color), X8 (expiration date), X11 (price changes); factor 2 : the package involving variable X1 (packaging form), X2 (the package easy to open), and X3 (packaging materials); factor 3 : display product on show case as variable X4 (product display). Each factor model has their impacts 33,474 percent, 14,948 percent and 11,413 percent, respectively. Marketing strategy growth and build consists of market penetration by selling product in lower price to market segment which is sensitive to price, product development (diversification) referred to product factor model and price comparison, packaging and displays by giving recipes information from each type of beef and market development in order to fit demography condition and beef consumer characteristics in Malang.
PENGGUNAAN PROBIOTIK KOMBINASI lactococcus lactis DAN L actobacillus acidophilus SEBAGAI PENGGANTI ANTIBIOTIKA PADA AYAM PETELUR YANG DIINFEKSI E scherichia coli TERHADAP ANALISIS USAHA
Authors: Wardhani Hana Cipka Pramuda , Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita , Soepranianondo Koesnoto
Published: February 2020

Escherichia coli is a normal flora in the digestive system of laying hens that are non-pathogenic, which can change into pathogens and cause the egg production to decrease. So the combination of Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotics is expected to be able to overcome E. coli and become a substitute for the antibiotics (Virginiamycin) in animal feed. This study aims to determine business analysis including Break Event Points (BEP), Revenue Cost Ratio (R / C Ratio), Payback Period (PP) and Return On Investment (ROI). The best results obtained for the calculation of Break Event Point (BEP) on a0b2 treatment with a BEP of Rp. 17,587,24 with BEP production on a1b2 of 14,36 kg, Revenue Cost Ratio (R / C Ratio) generates a value of 1,543 for treatment a0b2, Payback Period (PP) generates a value of 1 year 3 months 9 days and Return On Investment (ROI) generates a value of 3. It was concluded that the a0b2 treatment had good results to be developed.
POTENSI BAKTERI Lactococcus lactis DAN Lactobacillus casei TERHADAP PERFORMA PRODUKSI AYAM PETELUR YANG DIINFEKSI Escherichia colii
Authors: Najwan Rifqi , Noorrahman Nabil Fariz , Cipka Hana , Huda Khoirul , Lamid Mirni , Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to find the effect combination probiotic Lactococccus lactis and Lactobacillus casei on the laying hens infected with bacteria Escherichia coli on feed consumption and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The materials used in this experiment were 120 laying hens aged 25 weeks. Feeds were used commercial concentrate produced by PT. New Hope East Java, type 7183A. In this study were added of six treatments that is (a0b0) chicken without infection and without treatment, (a0b1) chicken without infection plus Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP), (a0b2) chicken without infection plus probiotic, (a1b0) chicken infection without treatment, (a1b1) chicken infection plus AGP. (a1b2) chicken infection plus probiotic. Each treatment was repeated four times. The variables measured were are feed consumption (g/bird/day) and feed conversion ratio (%). Data were analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if between treatment showed significant effect were analysed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result of this research shows that the use of probiotic Lactococccus lactis and Lactobacillus casei on the laying hens infected with bacteria Escherichia coli give a real distinction ( P<0,05) towards feed consumption and showed a real distinction (P <0.05) towards feed conversion ratio. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the addition of probiotic Lactococccus lactis and Lactobacillus casei on the laying hens infected with bacteria Escherichia coli can improve feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR) of laying hens, hen day production (HDP) and egg weight.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN HORMON NAA, PUPUK GANDASIL DAN PUPUK GROWMORE PADA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN ANGGREK
Authors: Sumiati Astri , Astutik Astutik
Published: February 2020

Orchid is an ornamental plant, including the Orchidaceae tribe, which is widely favored among the ornamental plant community because it has high economic value, unique shapes, attractive colors and longer-lasting blooming flowers, one of which is a Phalaenopsis orchid. One of the efforts to accelerate the vegetative phalaenopsis can be done with the application of the NAA hormone and leaf fertilizers such as Gandasil fertilizer and Growmore fertilizer. The aims of this research to determine the effect of NAA, Gandasil and Growmore fertilizer types on the growth of hybrid Phalaenopsis orchids. The study was conducted at Greenhouse Jalan Tlogomas Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang City, for 5 months. The experiment was carried out using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors namely, the factor I: NAA concentration: control 0 ppm (N0), 100 ppm (N1), 200 ppm (N2), and 300 ppm (N3). Factor II: leaf fertilizer, Growmore (P1) and Gandasil D (P2). Variables observed included: when buds appeared, leaf length, leaf width and percentage of live plants. The results showed that there was an interaction between the concentration of NAA and the type of leaf fertilizer on the emergence of shoots. When the fastest shoots appear at 100 ppm NAA, Growmore fertilizer (N1P1), which is 29 days. The NAA hormone influences the increase in leaf length and leaf width until 16 weeks of age. The best growth of hybrid Phalaenopsis was obtained at the administration of 200 ppm NAA with an increase in leaf length of 1.49 cm and an increase in leaf width of 1.06 cm until 16 weeks of age. Growmore and Gandasil D did not affect the vegetative growth of hybrid Phalaenopsis Orchid plants.
UMUR SIMPAN KOPI LENGKUAS INSTAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ACCELERATED SHELF LIFE TESTING (ASLT) DENGAN PENDEKATAN PERSAMAAN ARRHENIUS
Authors: Yuniastri Ratih , Ismawati Ismawati , Fajarianingtyas Dyah Ayu
Published: February 2020

Galangal is one of the herbaceous plants that thrive in the Sumenep area and has been utilized by one of the Agro-industries in this area to become an instant galangal coffee product. Galangal processed products are one way to extend the shelf life of galangal. A decrease in quality during product storage can have an impact on the shelf of the product. To provide food safety guarantees for consumers and to support the creation of food independence, information about the shelf life of this product needs to be included. This research is to estimate the shelf life of instant galangal coffee products using the Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) method with the Arrhenius approach, using a randomized block design (RBD). An increase in color and water content of instant galangal coffee indicates a decrease in product quality during the storage process. The parameter used to estimate the shelf life of products based on research results is water content. The initial water content of 5,237% with a critical water content of 18,67% and based on the Arrhenius equation the rate of water content increase was K = 656,94.e-3150,7(1/T). The shelf life of the instant galangal coffe product under study was 671 days at storage temperature 30oC; 411 days at 45oC: and 352 days at 50oC wit RH condition maintained at 70%.
KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN BEBERAPA ASPEKNYA
Authors: Sastrosupadi Adji Sastrosupadi
Published: February 2020

Food self-sufficiency mainly for rice has been known since the old order regime by the implementation of five efforts to agricultural technology, seven, ten and suprainsus ones. In that condition Indonesia has been succeeded in rice self-sufficiency, therefore Indonesia got appreciation from FAO in 1984. In the reformation era, there was a new paradigm namely food security and in President Joko Widodo's regime known as food-sovereignty. In the first step to realized food security and sovereignty, Indonesia has to be able to food self-sufficiency, especially for rice. In that condition Indonesia has been succeeded in rice self-sufficiency in 1984, therefore Indonesia got appreciation from FAO. The main factors affected these paradigms as mentioned above were technical as agricultural technology and now technically ones as socially, economically and behavioral culture of farmer or community. The first factor easily to be solved because so many technologies have been resulted by the research institute, university and private, but the adoption of technology, which has been resulted in the farmer still not yet optimum. The second ones were more difficult to be solved due to the behavior of the farmer or community. Other than three aspects of food, food safety also necessary to be interested, because healthy food has to be free from bacteria and dangerous chemical substances. The success of all paradigms mentioned before not only need cooperation between agriculture and trade departments, but also other sides concern with all paradigms.
PENGARUH KEMAJUAN TEKNOLOGI TERHADAP VOLUME PEJUALAN RITEL DI KOTA MOJOKERTO
Authors: Sholeh Rachmad , Huda Khasbulloh
Published: February 2020

The development of the business world today is increasingly diverse and competitive, the pace of development is very difficult to predict, so having the right strategy is the key for a company to continue to compete and survive. Along with technological advancements and the development of communication suggestions, the company is utilizing these technological advances as a marketing strategy tool to promote its products. Given the growth of buying and selling transactions in the network or online in Indonesia at this time is very rapid, with this being used by companies to market and promote via the internet. This study aims to determine the effect of the implementation of technological progress on retail sales volumes. The development of information technology that is growing very rapidly now influences the community in supporting various business activities both large and small so that it can be known globally. The most obvious impact is that besides being known, it can also increase sales volume. Digital Marketing is one of the very large marketing media that has an influence. Using digital marketing in this case is social media and E-commerce. The most widely used social media is Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. The subjects in this study were retail owners, managers, and employees who were selected by purpose sampling.
Machine learning analyses of bacterial oligonucleotide frequencies to assess the benthic impact of aquaculture
Authors: Armstrong EG , Verhoeven JTP
Published: February 2020

Aquaculture is a rapidly expanding industry and is now one of the primary sources of all consumed seafood. Intensive aquaculture production is associated with organic enrichment, which occurs as organic material settles onto the seafloor, creating anoxic conditions which disrupt ecological processes. Bacteria are sensitive bioindicators of organic enrichment, and supervised classifiers using features derived from 16s rRNA gene sequences have shown potential to become useful in aquaculture environmental monitoring. Current taxonomy-based approaches, however, are time intensive and built upon emergent features which cannot easily be condensed into a monitoring pipeline. Here, we used a taxonomy-free approach to examine 16s rRNA gene sequences derived from flocculent matter underneath and in proximity to hard-bottom salmon aquaculture sites in Newfoundland, Canada. Tetranucleotide frequencies (k = 4) were tabulated from sample sequences and included as features in a machine learning pipeline using the random forest algorithm to predict 4 levels of benthic disturbance; resulting classifications were compared to those obtained using a published taxonomy-based approach. Our results show that k-mer count features can effectively be used to create highly accurate predictions of benthic disturbance and can resolve intermediate changes in seafloor condition. In addition, we present a robust assessment of model performance which accounts for the effect of randomness in model creation. This work outlines a flexible framework for environmental assessments at aquaculture sites that is highly reproducible and free of taxonomy-assignment bias.
Primary School Students’ Discipline through Scouting
Authors: Adiputra M. Jaya , Hermaya Vira
Published: February 2020

The research to determine the discipline of students through scouting. This type of research is quantitative research with a correlational approach. The population used in this study were 81 Scouting Scout students. Sampling using a saturated sampling technique. The instruments used in this study were scouting questionnaires. Data were analyzed using statistical analysis techniques, namely using the correlation test, significance test and test coefficient of determination. Based on the results of data processing it can be seen that student discipline are in a fairly good category with a percentage of 66.67% and scouting is in a fairly good category with a percentage of 66.67%. Based on the results of testing the hypothesis it is known that the discipline of students through scouting is 0.398. Based on the results of significant tests obtained t-count value of 3.853. Then based on the test results of the determinant coefficient there is the influence of the contribution between variables at 15.8%. This means that there is a scouting contribution of 15.8% towards student discipline, while 84.2% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study
Correlation between Elementary School Students' Mathematics Self-Efficacy and Motivation
Authors: Mulyani, M.Pd Eva Astuti , Kasdianti Annisa , Ain Siti Quratul , Alim Jesi Alexander , Sari Intan Kartika , Alpusari Mahmud
Published: February 2020

This research aims to determine the positive and significant correlation between mathematics self-efficacy and motivation of elementary school students, using the correlation method. This type of research is quantitative. The population of this research was all fifth grade students of Elementary School in Cluster I of Marpoyan Damai District in Pekanbaru, which totaled 705 students. The research sample consisted of 183 students who were selected using cluster techniques. Data collection was carried out using a mathematics self-efficacy questionnaire and a motivation questionnaire and documentation. To test the hypothesis using the product moment correlation test and t test. The results showed that: (1) There was a positive correlation between mathematics self-efficacy and motivation of fifth grade elementary school students in cluster I Marpoyan Damai Pekanbaru District, indicated by a correlation coefficient of 0.353 with a fairly strong relationship category, 2) There was a significant correlation between mathematics self-efficacy and motivation of fifth grade elementary school students in cluster I Marpoyan Damai District, Pekanbaru, as seen from the tcount = 5.078, greater than ttable = 1.653, at a significance of 5%. The contribution made mathematics self-efficacy to motivation is equal to 12.5%.
Potential of Rhizobium sullae–Sulla coronaria Symbiotic Biological Nitrogen Fixation to Supplement Synthetic Mineral Nitrogen in Olive Tree Fertilization
Authors: Zullo Biagi Angelo , Ciafardini Gino
Published: February 2020

The aim of the present work is to compare olive tree nitrogen fertilization over two years of trials, using synthetic chemical fertilizers along with organic fertilizers composed of the green manure of sulla (Sulla coronaria) inoculated with the symbiont Rhizobium sullae or left uninoculated. The tests indicated that symbiotic nitrogen fixation promoted by the sulla–R. sullae symbiosis represents an important source of nitrogen that can replace or supplement synthetic nitrogen fertilizers for olive tree cultivation when sulla is inoculated with R. sullae in a soil already populated by the symbiont. Integration of the indigenous population of R. sullae via sulla inoculation with a selected strain yielded nodule formation in 100% of plants and produced a sufficient amount of biomass rich in nitrogen with a low C/N ratio. On the contrary, olive tree fertilization using the green manure of sulla that was not inoculated with the symbiont supplied significantly less organic nitrogen in 2017 and 2018, respectively, compared to the control. Optimal management of the multi-factorial approaches involved in green manure olive fertilization are also reported.
The Multifactorial Effect of Digestate on the Availability of Soil Elements and Grain Yield and Its Mineral Profile—The Case of Maize
Authors: Przygocka-Cyna Katarzyna , Grzebisz Witold
Published: February 2020

The fertilizer value of digestate (a biogas plant byproduct) depends on its impact on the availability of soil nutrients and on the concentration of minerals, including heavy metals, in the edible crop parts. This hypothesis was verified in field experiments with maize conducted in the years 2014, 2015, and 2016 in Brody, Poland. The two-factorial experiment consisted of the digestate application method and its rate: 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 t ha−1. Maize yield in consecutive years fitted the quadratic regression model, reaching a maximum grain yield of 11.5, 10.8, and 9.2 t ha−1 for an optimum digestate rate of 0.56, 0.66, and 0.62 t ha−1, respectively. The supply of N-NO3 to maize, concomitant with a shortage of magnesium and iron, was the key factor limiting the grain yield. Cadmium concentration in maize grain exceeded its threshold content in plants fertilized with digestate. An excessive concentration of lead in grain was recorded in the dry season 2015. Cadmium concentration in grain was controlled by the availability of soil Fe and Pb by a shortage of N-NO3, zinc, and copper. The negative relationship of Pb with K, Na, Zn, and Fe contents in grain suggests their usefulness as agents to reduce the accumulation of heavy metals.
Agriculture Management Impacts on Soil Properties and Hydrological Response in Istria (Croatia)
Authors: Igor Bogunovic , Leon Josip Telak , Paulo Pereira
Published: February 2020

The objective of this work is to study the effects of traditional land uses (vineyard, cropland, and olive orchard) on soil properties, overland flow, and sediment loss in the Istria region (Croatia), by using simulated rainfall. The results showed that soil bulk density (BD) was significantly higher in cropland plots compared to the vineyard and olive orchard. No differences were observed in soil water content (SWC) and mean weight diameter (MWD). Water stable aggregates (WSA), soil organic matter (SOM), and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly higher in the olive orchard compared to the other land uses. In cropland, during the experiment, we did not identify runoff or soil losses. Runoff (Run) and sediment loss (SL) were significantly higher in the olive orchard compared to the other plots. This was very likely a consequence of tillage practices in vertic soils, the use of herbicides, low vegetation cover, as well as the incorporation of hydrophobic organic matter in the soil matrix. The principal component analysis results showed that factor 1 explained the majority of the runoff and erosion variables. Erosion rates and nutrient losses were substantially different between olive orchard plots, and vineyard and cropland. Factor 2 showed that WSA was inversely related to the available phosphorus, water holding capacity, and sediment concentration. Management practices in the studied area should use minimum tilling frequency to have plant cover and avoid erosion.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Identified Differentially Expressed Genes between Male and Female Flowers of Zanthoxylum armatum var. novemfolius
Authors: Zhang Xian , Tang Ning , Liu Xiaomeng , Ye Jiabao , Zhang Jingyi , Chen Zexiong , Xu Feng , Zhang Weiwei , Liao Yongling
Published: February 2020

As a traditional spicy condiment, Zanthoxylum armatum var. novemfolius is of high economical and medicinal value. Despite the long history of human cultivation, the molecular mechanisms underlying flower development are still poorly understood in Z. armatum. In this study, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly and comparative analysis of female and male flowers in Z. armatum. A total of 94,771 unigenes were obtained, and 50,605 unigenes were successfully annotated against the public database. Transcriptome data showed that 20,431 annotated unigenes were differentially expressed genes. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the most representative pathway was plant hormone signal transduction. Among them, 41, 16, 41, 27, 95, and 40 unigenes were involved in the biosynthesis and signaling of abscisic acid, ethylene, cytokinin, gibberellin, auxin, and jasmonic acid, respectively. Transcription factors also played crucial roles in flower development, such as AGL11, PMADS2, and NAC. These results provided an important basis for characterizing the potential mechanism of flower development and enriching the knowledge of reproduction genetics in Z. armatum.
Optimizing Soil Fertility Management Strategies to Enhance Banana Production in Volcanic Soils of the Northern Highlands, Tanzania
Authors: I. Meya Akida , A. Ndakidemi Patrick , Mtei Kelvin M. , Swennen Rony , Merckx Roel
Published: February 2020

Banana is an important crop in high altitude areas of Tanzania, grown widely both as a food staple and as the main source of income. However, its production is constrained by low soil fertility, a result of gradual nutrient mining by the crop. Currently, soil fertility management in banana-based farming systems in the country relies mainly on applications of animal manure. However, the amount of manure produced in most farms is not enough to replenish soil fertility due to the small number of animals kept by smallholder resource-poor farmers who are the major producers in the country. Field experiments were conducted at three sites with varying soil types and contrasting weather conditions along the altitudinal gradients on the slopes of the volcanic mountains of Kilimanjaro and Meru, northern Tanzania to (1) investigate the effect of mineral nitrogen (mineral N) fertilizer applications on the growth and yield of Mchare banana (Musa spp., AA, a traditional East African highland cooking banana sub-group), at the four levels of 0, 77, 153, and 230 kg N ha−1 year−1 as a starter strategy to improve the current soil fertility management strategies, and (2) evaluate the effect of the combined use of inorganic and organic N sources on growth and banana fruit production as an alternative strategy to manage soil fertility and minimize animal manure requirements. The treatment factors were trial sites (Tarakea, Lyamungo, and Tengeru) as the main factor and N fertilization strategies (as urea alone, sole cattle manure, and in combination with urea, sole common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) haulms as well as in combination with urea) as a sub factor. Bean haulms and cattle manure were applied each year for two years. Fertilization at 153 kg N ha−1 year−1 derived solely from urea significantly (p < 0.001) resulted in high yield increment of up to 42% relative to the control. However, the increase was highest (52%) with the same N dose derived from cattle manure in combination with urea at 50% substitution. Sole bean haulms resulted in a smaller yield increment, the same as the lowest N dose from the sole urea fertilization treatment. The study concludes that soil fertility management in smallholder banana-based farming systems should not solely rely on animal manure and mineral fertilizers.
A Novel XOR-Based Threshold Visual Cryptography with Adjustable Pixel Expansion
Authors: Guo Yusheng , Jia Xingxing , Chu Qimeng , Wang Daoshun
Published: February 2020

A ( k , n ) visual cryptography (VC) scheme encodes a secret image into n shadows that are printed on transparencies distributed among a group of n participants secretly, and reveal the secret image by stacking no less than k of them. Its decryption requires no computation and attracts much attention in image security applications. The pixel expansion and contrast are two important characteristics to evaluate the visual quality of the revealed secret image for a ( k , n ) -VC scheme. The ( k , n ) XOR-based VC (XVC) schemes can greatly improve the visual quality including both pixel expansion and contrast. Previous methods require complex computation and result in high pixel expansion when they are used to construct such schemes. In this paper, we propose a pixel expansion adjustable ( k , n ) -XVC scheme, which allows pixel expansion to be changed among 2 k - 1 - 1 different values. It can ensure each pixel being exactly recovered with the same average contrast no matter it takes any pixel expansion value. The least pixel expansion is much smaller than previous schemes. Our scheme can be easily implemented based on any conventional OR-based ( k , n ) -VC (OVC) scheme.
Near-Surface Ozone Variations in East Asia during Boreal Summer
Authors: Wie Jieun , Park Hyo-Jin , Lee Hyomee , Moon Byung-Kwon
Published: February 2020

This study examined the variability of near-surface (850 hPa) ozone during summer in East Asia using simulations from 12 models participating in the Chemistry–Climate Model Initiative (CCMI). The empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of non-detrended ozone shows that the first (second) EOF mode is characterized by a monopole (dipole) structure that describe 83.3% (7.1%) of total variance. The corresponding the first principle component (PC1) time series exhibits a gradually increasing trend due to the rising anthropogenic emission, whereas PC2 shows interannual variation. To understand the drivers of this interannual variability, the detrended ozone is also analyzed. The two leading EOF patterns of detrended ozone, EOF1 and EOF2, explain 37.0% and 29.2% of the total variance, respectively. The regression results indicate that the positive ozone anomaly in East Asia associated with EOF1 is caused by the combination of net ozone production and transport from the upper atmosphere. In contrast, EOF2 is associated with the weakened western Pacific subtropical high during the La Niña decaying summer, which tends to decrease monsoon precipitation, thus increasing ozone concentration in China. Our results suggest that the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) plays a key role in driving interannual variability in tropospheric ozone in East Asia.
Contribution of Satellite-Derived Aerosol Optical Depth PM2.5 Bayesian Concentration Surfaces to Respiratory-Cardiovascular Chronic Disease Hospitalizations in Baltimore, Maryland
Authors: Braggio John T. , Hall Eric S. , Weber Stephanie A. , Huff Amy K.
Published: February 2020

The fine particulate matter baseline (PMB), which includes PM2.5 monitor readings fused with Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model predictions, using the Hierarchical Bayesian Model (HBM), is less accurate in rural areas without monitors. To address this issue, an upgraded HBM was used to form four experimental aerosol optical depth (AOD)-PM2.5 concentration surfaces. A case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression evaluated the contribution of the AOD-PM2.5 surfaces and PMB to four respiratory-cardiovascular hospital events in all 99 12 km2 CMAQ grids, and in grids with and without ambient air monitors. For all four health outcomes, only two AOD-PM2.5 surfaces, one not kriged (PMC) and the other kriged (PMCK), had significantly higher Odds Ratios (ORs) on lag days 0, 1, and 01 than PMB in all grids, and in grids without monitors. In grids with monitors, emergency department (ED) asthma PMCK on lag days 0, 1 and 01 and inpatient (IP) heart failure (HF) PMCK ORs on lag days 01 were significantly higher than PMB ORs. Warm season ORs were significantly higher than cold season ORs. Independent confirmation of these results should include AOD-PM2.5 concentration surfaces with greater temporal-spatial resolution, now easily available from geostationary satellites, such as GOES-16 and GOES-17.
Sex Stratified Treatment of Neurological Disorders: Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Nalvarte Ivan
Published: February 2020

Despite the obvious sex differences in many of the most common neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, males and females are still often treated the same from a clinical perspective. Why is that? The simple answer is that there is still too little known about this very complex matter. Sex hormone signaling, genetic sex, sex-biased comorbidities, and social gender perceptions all interact, making discrimination between the impacts of each of these factors hard to evaluate. Adding to the complexity is that important species differences must be taken into account when interpreting data from animal models. Clearly, to overcome this, larger efforts are needed that incorporate epidemiological, experimental, and clinical data to provide a solid scientific base for more personalized and informed clinical decisions that will benefit both men and women suffering from neurological disorders.