bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kelâmda Hikmet Teorileri ve Hikmet-İlahî Fiil İlişkisi
Authors: CANSIZ Hasan
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmada, Mu‘tezile, Eş‘ariyye ve Mâtürîdiyye mezheplerinin hikmet mefhumuna yaklaşımları ve bu yaklaşımların ilahî fiillerin kapsamını tespit için kullanma eğilimleri incelenmiştir. Hikmet, dinin gelişiyle Müslümanların anlam dünyasına girmiş bir mefhumdur. Bu mefhum, özgün bir disiplin olan Kelâm ilminde ilahî fiilleri çözümleme bağlamında kullanılmış, hatta ilahî fiillerin kapsamına ilişkin tartışmalarda başat rol üstlenmiştir. Bu kavramı her mezhep kendi teorik yaklaşımına uygun şekilde tanımlamayı tercih etmiştir. Mu‘tezile hikmetin şahitteki tecrübeden hareketle kula yönelik fayda bağlamında anlaşılması gerektiğini savunmuş ve hikmeti tespit edilemeyen fiillerin Allah’a nispet edilemeyeceğini iddia etmiştir. Bu yaklaşıma aksülamel olarak Eş‘arîler ilahî fillerdeki hikmeti, meydana gelen fiilin ilahî iradeye uygunluğu olarak kabul etmeyi tercih etmiş ve hikmetin rasyonel değerlendirmeye konu olmayacağını savunmuştur. Onların bu yaklaşımının temel nedeni ilahî fiillerin illet içermesi konusunda taşıdıkları kaygıdır. Ancak bu tutum hikmetin açıklanamaz bir olgu olarak kabul edilmesi nedeniyle anlamını yitirmesi sonucunu doğurmuştur. Mâtürîdîler ise bu iki teoriyi daha dengeli bir noktada buluşturmayı denemiş ve hikmeti övülmeye değer sonucu olan fiillerin sıfatı olarak kabul ederek hem aklı Mu‘tezile’nin aksine ilahî fiillere hâkim bir konuma yükseltmemiş hem de sınırlarını vurgulamak kaydıyla ilahî fiillerin kapsam ve anlamını tespit konusunda akla gereken önemi vermiştir.
NEAR ULTRASONIC ATTACK AND DEFENSIVE COUNTERMEASURES
Authors: McKee Forrest , Noever David
Published: June 2023

The practical implications of issuing inaudible voice commands. The research mapped each attack vector to a tactic or technique from the MITRE ATT&CK matrix, covering enterprise, mobile, and Industrial Control System (ICS) frameworks. The experiment involved generating and surveying fifty near-ultrasonic audios to assess the attacks' effectiveness. Unprocessed commands achieved a 100% success rate, while processed commands achieved an 86% acknowledgment rate and a 58% overall executed (successful) rate. The research systematically stimulated previously unaddressed attack surfaces, aiming for comprehensive detection and attack design. Each ATT&CK identifier was paired with a tested defensive method, providing attack and defense tactics. The research findings revealed that the attack method employed Single Upper Sideband Amplitude Modulation (SUSBAM) to generate near-ultrasonic audio from audible sources. By eliminating the lower sideband, the design achieved a 6 kHz minimum from 16-22 kHz while remaining inaudible after transformation. The research also investigated the one-to-many attack surface, exploring scenarios where a single device triggers multiple actions or devices. Furthermore, the study demonstrated the reversibility or demodulation of the inaudible signal, suggesting potential alerting methods and the possibility of embedding secret messages like audio steganography. A critical methodological advance included tapping into the postprocessed audio signal when the server demodulates the signal for comparison to both the audible and inaudible input signals to improve the actionable success rates.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS AND SECURITY BEHAVIOR INTENTION
Authors: Umeugo Wisdom
Published: June 2023

Software security is integral to information security, requiring software developers to be aware of software security as implementers and information security as employees. Little is known about the impact of software developers’ characteristics on their information security behaviors. This study examined the relationship between software developer characteristics such as their application security awareness (AW), training, and self-efficacy (SE) and their information security behavior intention (SeBI). Data from a survey of 200 software developers in the United States were analyzed using correlational statistical methods. AW and SE positively correlated with SeBI, while application security training did not correlate. Developers’ AW and SeBI mean score was found to be poor. Information security managers should aim to improve software developers’ application security awareness and self-efficacy to help improve their information security behavior. Application security training infused with information security awareness and conducted by application security experts is recommended.
Watershed Health Assessment Using GIS and AHP Methods: Application in Stung Sen River Basin, Cambodia
Authors: Ka Koemsreang , Sok Ty , Lim Sovatey , Ich Ilan , Chan Ratboren , Song Layheang , Ket Pinnera , Oeurng Chantha
Published: June 2023

The watershed assessment provides information about the condition of water quality and biological integrity to identify the source of stressors and their impacts. In the present decades, different watershed assessment method has been established to evaluate the cumulative impacts of human activities on watershed health and aquatic systems. This study proposes a new approach for assessing watershed vulnerability to contamination based on spatial analysis using the Geographic Information System (GIS). and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods. This new procedure designed to identify vulnerable zones depends on seven basic factors representing watershed characteristics: land use/land cover, sediment load, nitrate load, phosphorus load, soil type, average annual precipitation, and slope. The new watershed vulnerability assessment technique was used to create a map showing the relative vulnerabilities of specific sub-watersheds in the Sen River Basin, the largest sub-basin of the Tonle Sap Lake. The results showed a remarkable difference in watershed susceptibility between the sub-watersheds in their vulnerability to pollution. The approximate area of 10,846 km2 (76%) in the Northwest part and the long distance from the river of the study area were categorized in a range from moderate, low, and very low watershed vulnerability. However, consisting 3,341 km2 (24%) located downstream and near distance from the river were displayed as a very high and high vulnerability to pollution in the watershed. Furthermore, the results of the evaluation of the predictive reliability of the watershed vulnerability assessment method revealed that the proposed approach is suitable as a decision-making tool to predict watershed health. The process of this study indeed provides an application performance for the Sen River Basin and calls for action to sustain the water ecosystem and use.
The Study on Water Balance in Mlech Reservoir Under Climate Change Effects, Kampot Province
Authors: Lun Ramy , Chham Amret , Chea Sophos , Khem Vichhainin , Ou Kunavath , Samreth Sovithia
Published: June 2023

The Mlech Water Treatment Plant (WTP) has produced 2,000 m3/day of drinking water using raw water from Mlech, Kampot province. Since water demand would be increased in the future, so that the extension water treatment capacity will be the main challenges in correspondence with the development of planning of PPWSA. The water balance estimation is also the critical point in order to make a good decision on extension WTP at existing area. Therefore, the objectives of this study aimed to analyse the water balance in Mlech reservoir by using data from 2002 to 2011, in 2030s and in 2050s. The Rational Method was applied for estimating the streamflow into the reservoir. Water balance was computed following hydrological concept. SWAT and HEC-HMS models were performed to predict the future streamflow. The future climatic data were projected from 2012 to 2050 under climate change scenario RCP 4.5 with three general circulation models (GCMs) including IPSL-CM5A-MR, GISS-E2-R-CC and GFDL-CM3. As a result, the water balance remains about 11.40 Mm3/year in reservoir in baseline. In 2030s, the water quantity will be approximately 58.70 Mm3/year, 62.09 Mm3/year and 59.58 Mm3/year under model IPSL-CM5A-MR, GISS-E2-R-CC and GFDL-CM3, respectively. In addition, the water quantity will be slightly changed in 2050s comparing to 2030s. According to the scenario of extension WTP capacity, this study found that the water flow into downstream will be decreased to 37.14 Mm3/year to 33.84 Mm3/year when WTP’s capacity increased from 2,000 m3/day to 14,000 m3/day,respectively. Furthermore, the volume of water overflow to downstream for irrigation uses is 30.32 Mm3/year when WTP’s capacity increased to 12,000 m3/day in 2050s. Irrigation water need is about 28.00 Mm3/year. In recommendation, the total WTP’s capacity should be extended from 2,000 m3/day to 10,000m3/day from Mlech reservoir based on the future water demand.
Puah Reservoir, Malaysia: A Preliminary Limnological Finding at the Newly Operated Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Project (HTHEP)
Authors: Effendi Alyaa Filza , Abubakar M K , Ruddin A S , Saidin A N , Husin S M , Shukor A Md
Published: June 2023

In this study we present a first limnological characterization of Puah Reservoir (surface area of 69.79km2) since completion in 2014 and filling in 2015. The results obtained from seven sampling points shows the overall average values, standard deviation and range (min – max) of the physico-chemical parameters investigated in Puah Reservoir for twelve (12) months (Jan – Dec 2016) sampling. Puah Reservoir overall average surface water parameters recorded are water temperature (29.83 ± 1.78 ?C ; 24.10 – 33.70 ?C); dissolved oxygen (DO) (6.17 ± 0.95 mg/L ; 4.00 – 8.74 mg/L); chemical oxygen demand (COD) (17.67 ± 8.18 mg/L ; 2.00 – 39.00 mg/L), biological oxygen demand (BOD) (2.41 ± 1.38 mg/L ; 0.30 – 6.90 mg/L), pH (6.73 ± 0.47 ; 5.79 – 8.51), total suspended solid (TSS) (3.62  ± 2.23 mg/L ; 1.10 – 16.50 mg/L); nitrate (NO3-) (0.01 ± 0.01 mg/L ; 0.00 – 0.04 mg/L), nitrite (NO2-) (1.14 ± 0.88 mg/L; 0.00 – 4.00 mg/L); phosphorus (PO4-) (0.48 ± 0.28 mg/L ; 0.18 – 1.40 mg/L) and ammonia-N (NH4-N) (0.19 ± 0.15 mg/L ; 0.00 – 0.70 mg/L). Calculation of Water Quality Index (WQI) based on six (6) parameters shows that sampling stations at Puah Reservoir are in Class II with an average of 87.58 (Class II). Based on WQI for Class II, it has been proposed suitable for recreational activities involving the body contact, drinking water resources with conventional treatment and suitable for sensitive aquatic species. In summary, thermal stratification in Puah Reservoir was identified within range of 2 – 5 meter vertical depth.
Growth Patterns and Reproduction of Hampala Barb (Hampala macrolepidota) Kuhl and Van Hasselt 1823 in Jatigede Reservoir, West Java Indonesia
Authors: Herawati Titin , Yustiatia Ayi , Nurhayatia Atikah
Published: June 2023

The indigenous species of the Cimanuk River that can adapt to the stagnant waters of the Jatigede Reservoir is the hampala barb. This fish grows and breeds well; it has an ecological function as a predatory fish from the cyprinidae family. Its economic function is that it can be traded in the Jatigede Reservoir. However, its growth pattern, condition, and reproduction factors have yet to be widely known. The research was conducted for six months (September - December 2017 and January -  February 2018). The research aimed to find the growth pattern, condition factors, and reproductive characteristics of the hampala barb. Field survey research method, composite fish sampling from five research stations, data calculated using fisheries biology methods. The results showed that the growth was negative allometric. b value of male fish was 2.429; female fish was 2.717; good condition factor K value of male fish was 1.17 to 1.47, and female fish was 1.16 to 1.38. Reproduction is a partially spawn.
Magnetic Graphene Oxide Conjugated with Polyamidoamine Dendrimer (MGO-PAMAM) as Heavy Metal Adsorbent: Bibliometric Analysis using Google Scholar Indexed VOSViewer
Authors: Maharani Brigitta Stacia , Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyses the scope of research related to magnetic graphene oxide conjugated with polyamidoamine dendrimer (MGO-PAMAM) material as an adsorbent for heavy metals using bibliometric evaluation and data mapping with VOSViewer software. MGO-PAMAM material research data was collected from the Google Scholar database with criteria in the form of MGO journals and keywords, dendrimers, polyamidoamine, PAMAM, synthesis, and adsorption in 2018–2023. Based on the search results, 175 relevant journal articles were found. The number of articles has fluctuated from 2018 to 2023. This is due to the COVID-19 pandemic that is happening globally. This study can provide information on the pattern of distribution of journal articles and the quality of research developments related to polyamidoamine dendrimer material as an adsorbent for heavy metals in the last 5 years. This bibliometric analysis is expected to help researchers recognize research trends related to polyamidoamine dendrimer materials as heavy metal adsorbents globally and recommend future research prospects.
PENGEMBANGAN PENYUBUR RAMBUT MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA PEGAGAN (Centella Asiatica (L) Urban) DAN EKSTRAK N-HEKSANA BAWANG PUTIH (Allium Sativum L)
Authors: Setyoningsih Dwi , Taurhesia Shelly , Indrawati Teti
Published: June 2023

Centella asiatica contains asiaticoside, flavonoid, phytosterol, madecassid acid, madecassoside, Asiatic acid and amino acid which are potentially stimulating hair growth, while Allium sativum has rich nutrient for hair growth such as alkaloid and sterol/terpenoid. Objective: previous study showed each extract has activity to stimulate hair growth but there was no study yet for a combination of these two extracts. The objective of this study was to find right concentration for combination of gotu kola herb extract and garlic extract which can stimulate hair growth, and the best combination will be then formulated into hair tonic and test its activity. Methods: Application on 3 male rabbits for 28 days of combination of 1.25% gotu kola herb extract and 100 ppm garlic extract showed hair growth of 34.10 mm, hair growth acceleration 1.388 mm /day and hair weight 27.816 mg. Then Hair tonic was developed using three different formulas, namely F1 contains of 2.5% gotu kola herb extract and 0.02% garlic extract; F2 contains of 2,5% gotu kola herb extract and 0.04% garlic extract and F3 contains of gotu kola herb extract 5% and garlic extract 0.04%. This hair tonic has green color, distinctive odor, homogeneity, a viscosity of 2.629 cP to distilled water, and pH 5.6. The results showed that Hair tonic of F3 with a concentration of 5% gotu kola herb extract and 0,04% garlic extract gave hair growth of 28,62 mm, rate of hair growth of 1,057 mm/day and hair weight of 28,84 mg, and this hair tonic is stable for 3 months storage at 25oC as well as at 40oC.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AROMATERAPI JASMINE (Jasminum sambac L.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN DERAJAT INSOMNIA PADA LANSIA DI BANJAR GEDE KELURAHAN SEMPIDI
Authors: Ni Putu Yuliana Assari  , Partha Sutema Ida Ayu Manik , I Gusti Made Aman
Published: June 2023

The humans’ organs function will be decreased when humans are getting older. It caused they to had insomnia. Insomnia is a condition of humans’ sleeping problem. Jasmine oil aromatherapy is an essential oil which is used to decrease insomnia. The research aimed at knowing or prove that jasmine oil aromatherapy can reduce the degree of insomnia in the elderly. The research method was a quasy experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The research subject was 34 elderlies who were selected by the purposive sampling. The degree of insomnia before and after the intervention was measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire. The test result of Friedman showed that there was differences in the degree of insomnia after giving jasmine oil aromatherapy to the elderly (p=0,001). Before giving jasmine oil aromatherapy, the average value was 19,147. Meanwhile, after using jasmine oil aromatherapy on the 8th day, the average value was 13,000 and on the 15th day there was a significant decrease in the degree of insomnia with an average value of 7,147. the administration of jasmine oil aromatherapy can significantly reduced the degree of insomnia in the elderly in Banjar Gede, Sempidi Village started on day 8 (2nd posttest) and day 15 (3rd posttest).
FORMULASI SEDIAAN ANTIOKSIDAN FACIAL WASH EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN GANITRI (Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.) DENGAN VARIASI SODIUM LAURIL SULFAT SEBAGAI SURFAKTAN
Authors: Evi Marlina  , Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul Kiromah  , Titi Pudji Rahayu
Published: June 2023

Ganitri leaves (Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.) contain flavonoid compounds that function as antioxidants. Antioxidants in cosmetics are used to prevent skin damage due to exposure to free radicals. Facial Wash is a cosmetic preparation to help remove dead skin cells, rejuvenate the skin, remove dirt, oil and provide moisture. This study aims to obtain a facial wash formula that has good characteristics and is effective as an antioxidant by varying the concentration of sodium lauryl sulfate, namely F1 (0.25%), F2 (0.5%) and F3 (1%) as surfactant. The results showed that variations in SLS concentration had a significant effect on the physical evaluation of the preparation with a p value of <0.05. Formula 3 (SLS 1%) provides the best facial wash characteristics with the results of the test parameters meeting the standards. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that formula 3 had an IC50 value of 17.36 ppm which was categorized as very strong with ascorbic acid as a comparison of 10.70 ppm and a negative control of 54.11 ppm.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG PENGGUNAAN MULTIVITAMIN DAN SUPLEMEN KESEHATAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Aryani Fina , Desmalia Desmalia , Husnawati Husnawati , Muharni Septi , Febrina Mira , Humairah Anugrah
Published: June 2023

Increasing number of cases of COVID-19 currently requiring the community to make more efforts to carry out various preventive efforts. One of the efforts that can be done to prevent COVID-19 is to maintain and increase the body's immunity which can be assisted by the use of multivitamins and health supplements. This study aims to examine public knowledge about the use of multivitamins and health supplements in Pekanbaru family pharmacies during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a descriptive observational study with concurrent data collection techniques through online questionnaires. The sampling technique in this study was carried out by non-probability sampling with purposive sampling method. The sample in this study is the people of Pekanbaru City who meet the inclusion criteria with a total of 110 respondents. Data analysis in this study used univariate analysis which aims to explain or describe the characteristics of each research variable, so that the results obtained that people who have good knowledge are 54.64%, people who have sufficient knowledge are 43.63%, and people who have good knowledge are 1.81%. The high percentage of respondents with good knowledge shows that most people in Pekanbaru City already have good knowledge about the consumption of multivitamins and health supplements during the COVID-19 pandemic.
FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN BODY LOTION EKSTRAK KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) DENGAN METODE DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil)
Authors: Sawiji Repining Tiyas , Elisabeth Oriana Jawa La  , I Komang Tri Musthika
Published: June 2023

The skin is the outermost part of the body and is very susceptible to exposure to free radicals. This can be prevented by using cosmetics that contain antioxidants. Coffee beans have the chemical compound chlorogenic acid which belongs to the phenolic group which is useful as an antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to formulate and test the antioxidant activity of Robusta coffee extract body lotion preparations.The method used is pure experiment and control class as a comparison. Analysis of physical quality data was carried out by means of descriptive analysis using tables based on the results of the average calculation of the physical quality test, antioxidant test using DPPH method, and statistical processing of hedonic test data using the One Way Anova test and continued with the Duncan test. The results showed that FII and FIII could be formulated into body lotion preparations and met the physical quality test requirements. The antioxidant test before storage obtained the IC50 value at FI of 47,61 ppm (AAI = 0,84); FII of 43,86 ppm (AAI = 0,91); and FIII of 34,07 ppm (AAI = 1,17) and after FI storage of 49,95 ppm (0,80); FII of 45,47 (AAI = 0,88); FIII of 36,11 ppm (AAI = 1,11). The results of the hedonic test showed that in the parameters of colour, aroma, texture, and comfort of use there were significant fifferences (<0,05), while the parameters of humidity and ease of rinsing alowed insignificant differences (>0,05). Based on the results obtained, Robusta coffee extract body lotion is able to ward off free radicals in the medium – strong category.
PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI NaOH TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK SABUN PADAT EKSTRAK UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas Lam)
Authors: Dewi Rashati  , Dewi Riskha Nurmalasari  , Vira Ananda Putri
Published: June 2023

Soap is a cleanser made by reacting chemically between a sodium base and a fatty acid. NaOH is varied because it is the main ingredient in the saponification process. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in NaOH concentration on the physical properties of solid soap preparations of purple sweet potato extract (Ipomoea batatas Lam.). The research method used is a pre-experimental one group post test design. The carrier material used in this study was NaOH with different concentrations of F1 (5%), F2 (8.5%), F3 (12%). The active ingredient used in this study was purple sweet potato extract as an antioxidant. Evaluation includes organoleptic (texture, color, smell), pH, moisture content, and foam height. The results showed that changes in NaOH concentration had an effect on the organoleptic physical properties of texture, pH, water content, and foam height of solid soap preparations and did not affect the organoleptic color and smell. The formula with 8.5% NaOH concentration gave the best physical characteristics in terms of organoleptic, namely smooth texture, light brown color, strong bubble gum smell, pH 9.9, water content 0.5%, high foam in 9 cm aquadest.
PENGUKURAN PERSEPSI TENAGA TEKNIS KEFARMASIAN DI KOTA DAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG TERHADAP APOTEK ONLINE
Authors: Fef Rukminingsih  , Azifatul Ula  , Dian Safitri
Published: June 2023

The development of online pharmacies in Indonesia will have an impact on the existence and role of Pharmaceutical Technicians. The number of pharmacies in Semarang City and Regency has reached almost 500 units. The number of Pharmaceutical Technicians who have practice permits in Semarang City is 477 people and in Semarang Regency is 115 people. Objective: This study aims to measure the perception of Pharmaceutical Technicians in Semarang City and Regency towards online pharmacies. Method: This research is a descriptive observational study using a cross sectional study design with using purposive sampling technique. The research data was obtained through a questionnaire in the form of a Likert scale which was distributed via google form in the Whatsapp group of Persatuan Ahli Farmasi Indonesia of Semarang City and Regency. Perceptions that are measured are drug guarantees, prices and consumer services. Pharmaceutical Technicians is said to have a positive perception of online pharmacies if the average score of the three parameters is in the range of 802.5 – 1284. Results: Respondents involved in this study were 321 respondents. Female respondents were 288 respondents (89.72%), 270 respondents (84.11%) aged less than 36 years and 177 respondents (55.14%) had Diploma III Pharmacy education. The drug guarantee parameter got a score of 1098, the drug price parameter got a score of 904 and the consumer service parameter got a score of 1035.5. The average score for the three parameters is 1012.5. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical Technicians in Semarang City and Regency have a positive perception toward online pharmacies.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TERHADAP SWAMEDIKASI PENYAKIT GASTRITIS DI DESA GAGAAN KABUPATEN BLORA
Authors: Octasari Paulina Maya , Febyana Dewi Shinta
Published: June 2023

Self-medication is an effort to treat the common health problems or symptoms without medical supervision. Although it has good intentions, self-medication also has the potential to be harm if it is not supported by adequate knowledge. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of community knowledge and attitude towards self-medication of gastritis in Gagaan Village, Blora Regency. This cross-sectional study was undertaken in Gagaan, Blora, Central Java, Indonesia. The study population consisted of people who had done self-medication about gastritis. The respondents were briefed about the nature of the study and the way to answer the pre-validated questionnaire. The type of questionnaire was closed ended questions for knowledge level assessment and likert scale questions for attitude level assessment. The data was analysed and were espressed as percentage. The questionnaire was administered to 113 respondents who had self-medicated for gastritis. Out of the 113 respondents, 64 (56,6%) were female and 49 (43,4%) were male; their mean age in years + SD was 33,15. + 13,94; 75 (66,4%) were worker; and 48 (42,5%) were undergraduate. Of the respondents, 92,9% had a high level of knowledge and 76,1% had a good attitude in the self-medication of gastritis. More than 70% (72,1%) respondents had a high knowledge level and good attitude. Knowledge of appropriate self-medication was high and attitude towards self-medication was good.
PENGEMBANGAN DAN VALIDASI KUESIONER UNTUK MENGUKUR PENGETAHUAN PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA MASYARAKAT KOTA WILAYAH KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Lana Sari  , Mirnawati Zalili Sailan
Published: June 2023

Diseases caused by bacteria are treated with antibiotics. Antibiotics can be a threat globally, especially related to high resistance rates. Research has found that 40-62% of antibiotics are abused for diseases that do not require antibiotics for treatment. The results of research conducted by WHO from 12 countries, one of which is Indonesia, as many as 53-62% stops using antibiotics if they feel they have recovered. This study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire used to measure knowledge of antibiotic use in the people of Pangkalpinang City, Archipelago Region. The study was conducted in Pangkalpinang City from May to June 2022. This study involved 10 pharmacists as a panel of experts and 30 residents of Pangkalpinang City. The sampling technique was cluster sampling and tested the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The results of the content validity test obtained the value of the content validity index (I-CVI) of each statement item. The content validity test was carried out in two rounds and the I-CVI value was 0.94 so that it could be concluded that the questionnaire was valid with 42 statement items. After that, it was continued with validity and reliability tests involving 30 people in Pangkalpinang City. The results of this validity test obtained 39 valid statements, and for the reliability test, the KR 20 value was 0.8. Questionnaires can be used to measure the level of knowledge of the use of antibiotics in cities and communities on the island.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP PERILAKU PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK TANPA RESEP DOKTER
Authors: Rahmayanti Fitriah  , Eka Karlina  , Depy Oktapian Akbar  , Fitri Handayani
Published: June 2023

Antibiotics are drugs that are often prescribed, sold, and used throughout the world so that people still think that by using antibiotics all diseases can be cured. Many antibiotics are available without a prescription and cause someone to use antibiotics unwisely. The high use of antibiotics that are not appropriate in society causes antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge and attitudes on the behavior of using antibiotics without a doctor's prescription in Ilung Pasar Lama Village, Batang Alai Utara District, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. This research is descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional survey research design, sampling with a probability sampling technique. Data collection was carried out on 93 respondents using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. The results showed that respondents had less knowledge of 55.9%, respondents who had less attitude of 63.4% and respondents who had less behavior of 38.7%. The results of the chi-square statistical test showed that there was no effect between knowledge on the behavior of using antibiotics without a doctor's prescription with a value of 0.118 (Sig. > 0.05) but there was an effect of attitudes towards the behavior of using antibiotics without a doctor's prescription with a value of 0.000 (Sig. <0, 05).
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) SECARA TOPIKAL TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA PADA KELINCI (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Sari Richa Dwi Novita , Budiawan Antonius , Sumadji Angga Rahabistara
Published: June 2023

Wound healing is a repair process of damaged skin tissue caused by injury. The bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) plant is widely known to have potential in wound healing and the plant part that is commonly used is the leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the wound healing effects of bilimbi leaf extract (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) on rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) topically. The wound healing test was conducted using the New Zealand strain rabbit test animal. The rabbit’s back skin was induced with 8 mm diameter wound and the induced wounds were grouped into 5 groups. The groups included a negative control group that was given with aqua dest solution; the positive control group was given with betadine solution; treatment groups were given with 3%; 6%; and 12% bilimbi leaves extract. The wounds that were treated with betadine solution and bilimbi leaves extract 3% healed on day 13th. The wounds that were treated with bilimbi leaves extract 6 and 12% were healed on day 12nd. The different results showed by the wounds that were treated with aqua destilata which were healed on day 14th. The results showed that bilimbi leaf extract was topically effective in wound healing on rabbit test animals. The most effective concentration of bilimbi leaves extract in wound healing was 6% and 12%.
PENGARUH TEMPAT PENYIMPANAN DI APOTEK TERHADAP KADAR VITAMIN C DALAM SEDIAAN TABLET
Authors: Yohana Mitta Puspitasari  , Cahyani Erlien Dwi , Leo Eladisa Ganjari
Published: June 2023

Vitamin C is an unstable in storage. The stability of vitamin C is influenced by many factors such as temperature, pH, sunlight and the presence of heavy metals such as iron and copper. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in vitamin C levels in tablets based on storage areas with different lighting conditions at a pharmacy in Madiun. In this study, samples of vitamin C tablets were stored on the front shelf facing the entrance of the pharmacy which was exposed to indirect sunlight, the upper shelf which was exposed to the light, and the lower shelf which was protected from the light and sunlight, and. Storage was carried out for one month. Determination of vitamin C levels in tablet was determined using Spectrophotometry UV-Vis method, then the results were statistically analyzed using One Way Anova. The results showed that the levels of vitamin C in the tablets on the front shelf, upper shelf, and lower shelf were 95,56%, 97,67%, and 98,95% respectively.  The results exhibit the lowest level of vitamin C was found on front storage, nonetheless there was no significantly difference levels from all storage location.
A Olimpíada Brasileira de Matemática sob a ótica dos docentes das escolas públicas de Água Branca-PI
Authors: Lima Vívia Maria Rodrigues , Ramos Antônio Francisco
Published: June 2023

Analyze the implications of the Brazilian Mathematics Olympiad of Publics Schools (OBMEP) in the mathematics teaching-learning process in ÁguaBranca-PI, from 2005 until 2014. For this, we conducted a qualitative studywith 10 (ten) professionals, from05 (five) OBMEP participant schools. They were submitted to a recordedinterview, andthey answered a semi-structured questionnaire. The results showthat the Olympics positively influence the teaching and learning of mathematics in order to awaken student interest in the subject. However, it is clear the concern of educators regarding the difficulties in implementing projects aimed at preparing students for better results in OBMEP. The research enabled us to reflect on the challenges faced by teachers, students’difficulties facing the mathematical content,and the possible contributions of usability issues from the Olympics as a teaching and learning methodology of that science.
A internacionalização no IFPI: rompendo fronteiras no ensino superior
Authors: Santos Áurea Regina do Nascimento
Published: June 2023

Multiculturalism is a characteristic of modern times and it assumes that different professionals are able to relate to different cultures as well as have international academic mobility. In order to prepare such professionals, higher education faces the challenge of inserting itself in the international context, justifying the present study that sought to discuss the process of internationalization within the Federal Institute of Piauí (IFPI). We observe how government programs and actions developed by IFPI focused on the expansion of internationalization to influence teaching, research and outreach community projects at IFPI. Thus, we analyzed the internationalization process at IFPI through the participation of undergraduate students in academic mobility programs. As a result, we could verify that the process is still in the beginning but with the perspective of a larger engagement by the academic community in the near future.
A pesquisa na Licenciatura de Matemática: relato de experiência
Authors: Costa Claudia Maria Lima da , Brito Antonia Edna
Published: June 2023

This article gives an account of lived experience to minister to work discipline of Course in degrees in Physics and Mathematics, with reference to the report of an egress student's Degree in Mathematics from theFederal Institute of Education, Science and PiauíTechnology Teresina Central campus. Aims to discuss the contributions and limitations related to the research training as agent of teachers. For the achievement of this work were used the training memorialfor data collection and content analysis for the interpretation of data collected. There was the need for greater investment on the aspects of research during the initial training; however, the student reveals how significant the learning built with the discipline of Work Completion of course, as well as the experiences obtained from the PIBIC.
Pinturas rupestres na Pedra do Camaleão, Serra do Cadós, município de Milton Brandão-PI
Authors: Pereira Maria da Luz , Bispo Alaim Passos , Andrade Francisco das Chagas Pereira de
Published: June 2023

This study aims to assess the existence and the rock art conservation status in Pedra doCamaleão. This rock formation is located in the Serra do Cados in the city of Milton Brandão. Mid-north region of the state of Piaui. It's intended to characterize the archaeological site where and disclose their existence as well as check the types of problems that threaten their conservation status. Another objective is to analyze, in general, the level of knowledge of the population living close to the sites about the cave paintings there are in the site as well as observe the impacts of the presence ofthis population on the site and how it can contribute to their preservation. Beginning to discuss conservation alternatives for the site.
Situação do idoso no Piauí: reflexão com base na política de proteção e indicadores socioeconômicos
Authors: Ramos Antônio Francisco , Ramos Rogéria Pereira da Cruz
Published: June 2023

This article aims to discuss the situation of the elderly in Piauí. For that, we developed a bibliographical and documentary study which enabled perform the design of conceptual approaches to public policies on the elderly. Therefore, the studies of Araújo (2005), Berger and Luckmann (2007), Faleiros (2009), Giddens (2012), Neri and Freire (2000), Silva (2005), as well as normative texts (laws and decrees) that contributed to understanding the key institutions that affect social relationships involving older people. The documentary studies were based on quantitative data available on official websites such as IBGE and the Ministry of Social Development to characterize the population of elderly people in Piauí. To better intelligibility of the article, the information below contained initially a conceptual discussion about the construction of the elder protection system, and the key concepts attributed to this population. Finally, an analysis of systematic data in tables and graphs, and conclusions.
A importância do lúdico para o Ensino-Aprendizagem de alunos surdos
Authors: Silva Valquíria da Conceição
Published: June 2023

This study aims to show the importance of recreational resources such as toys, games,and activities in the teaching-learningprocess of deaf students. The methodology used was the literature based on the reading of the reflection of books, articles, magazines,and websites, as well as the authors of research related to this topic, among the authors surveyed,are Kishimoto (1997 ), Santos (1997),and Piaget (1975 ), which seeks to understand the relationship between the use of a language of gestural -visual modality and the use of such resources as a key tool for improving the results of these students in their knowledge construction process. The last part of the paper presents some suggestions for play activities to develop concepts through toys
O estudo da queda livre no ensino médio: história e experimentos
Authors: Marcos Maycon Marcos , Uchôa Deuzimar , Moura Lahedson , Eulálio Leônia , Soares Renária
Published: June 2023

This article is the result of the research project: The Study of the free fall of bodies in high school: History and experiments with the aim of presenting the results of an approach to free fall from a historical perspective of knowledge and experimentation. The research motivated within the discipline Research in the Teaching of Physics, the Bachelor's Degree in Physics IFPI/ Campus Angical is exploratory, with qualitative and descriptive approach, involving workshops, application tests with high school students from public schools state of the cities of White Water and Piaui regeneration.
Ensino de Química no meio rural: a importância do conhecimento químico para o educando filho do trabalhador rural
Authors: Andrade Francisco das Chagas Pereira de
Published: June 2023

Historically this knowledge has been offered to the student of the countryside without taking into account the specificities of the life and job of the countryside becoming only an adaptation of teaching practiced in the city to the rural school. That has contributed just only to preserve the establishment of countryside and the feed of the alienation of the countrysideman. This work aims to propose an alternative to agribusiness pedagogical dynamics imposed on the students of the countryside. It is intended propose the development of a methodology for chemical education to promote the dissemination of scientific chemical knowledge by the student who lives in rural areas. It is taking the peculiarities of life in the field as a starting point of the teaching-learning process.
Food-related health challenges of children and the role of the consumer protection Act 68 of 2008 in regulating unhealthy food advertising
Authors:   , Hlongwane Minenhle
Published: June 2023

This research has shown that the heavy advertising of unhealthy food products and beverages is a likely causal factor in weight gain and obesity. Advertisers are using various techniques to exploit and target children-consumers under the age of twelve years old. As a result of consuming unhealthy foods products, children are victims of non-communicable diseases (NCD’s), which are medical conditions that result in serious health challenges, are non-infectious and cannot be passed from person to person (The Obesity policy coalition 2011: 10). The marketing of unhealthy food products has a destructive influence on children’s food choices and health. It has been established and acknowledged that there is a link between NCD’s and unhealthy food product consumption and this needs to be addressed. The aim of this study is to investigate the food-related health challenges of children and the role of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 in addressing these challenges. The research design adopted for this study was quantitative in nature. The study’s questionnaire will consist mainly of closed-ended questions with a few openended ones, it was designed to assess the role of awareness of children-consumers; and the food-related health challenges experienced by children and the role of the CPA and other commensurate legislation in regulating unhealthy food product advertising. through the regulation of unhealthy food product advertising. Convenience sample is used, the results cannot be generalized to the whole population. The data was obtained from 377 respondents in the Mpophomeni Township area, the findings of this study will benefit those disadvantaged areas. The gap analysis revealed that the respondents confirmed that their children suffered from health challenges and that their lacked the maturity to understand such harmful effects of advertising. These negative gaps indicated that the regulation of unhealthy food product advertisement aimed at children was below the expectations of the respondents. This implied that the government had to do something to assist the children-consumers and ensure that these food industries complied with the provisions of the CPA. Disadvantaged areas such as Mpophomeni are encouraged to take steps to ensure the regulation of advertisement of unhealthy food product aimed at children. The dissertation provides some recommendations as to how to achieve the possible measures to protect children from unhealthy food product advertising.
Addressing sexual harassment among students at a Durban university
Authors:   , Jagath Sahara
Published: June 2023

Sexual harassment and gender-based violence have become pervasive and normal within South African society and is a matter of grave concern at colleges and universities. This study seeks to address sexual harassment among students at a Durban university. The study explores the understanding and perceptions that students attach to sexual harassment. The nature, cause and consequences of sexual harassment, and student suggestions on ways to reduce it, were examined. Ultimately a participatory action plan was implemented to tackle sexual harassment at the university. Drawing on Lorber’s (2000) social construction of gender theory approach, this study explored the lived experiences of students at the university. The theory is based on the premise that gender is constantly created and recreated during social interaction (Lorber, 2000). This allowed for the understanding of students’ experiences within a social context. The literature reviewed showed that gender relations and patriarchy contributed enormously to sexual harassment. The study adopted the Interpretivist paradigm and qualitative methods to answer the research questions. These approaches enabled data generation based on the participants’ interpretation and lived experiences. The non-purposive sampling method was employed to select twenty undergraduate students: twelve females; five males; one queer; and two bisexual participants. Data was generated using individual interviews and focus group discussions. The interpretive thematic analysis process of recognising, examining and identifying similarities and differences and thereby finding themes within the data was used. Three broad themes emerged, including who mainly perpetrated the sexual harassment; the nature of sexual harassment; causes of sexual harassment (embedded in subscription to violent forms of masculinity and socio-economic factors, confronting patriarchal discourses and resisting victimhood). The study argued that it was within the broader context of violent forms of masculinity and patriarchal power context that challenged and effectively silenced victims. Data generated revealed that the participants held a diverse range of understanding of sexual harassment and GBV. It was evident that sexual harassment was prevalent on campus. Female students are exposed and the main victims of such, with the male students, the main perpetrators. Students who are LGBTQIA⁺ were found to be vulnerable to sexual harassment mainly due to their sexual orientation. The study revealed the need to create better awareness on what constitutes sexual harassment and gender-based violence and participants suggested that victims, perpetrators and university staff have to work collaboratively to tackle the scourge. Participants all concurred that there is a need for focussed and ongoing education and awareness campaigns on campus.
The impact of financial knowledge on the economic empowerment of women entrepreneurs in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors:   , Kandolo Ka Muzombo
Published: June 2023

Entrepreneurial activities play crucial roles in poverty alleviation, job creation, economic development and empowerment worldwide. However, women entrepreneurs face numerous challenges, including insufficient financial knowledge, gender inequality, and lack of productive assets, which limit their access to finance and economic empowerment. To address this gap, this study aims to examine the effect of financial knowledge on the economic enablement of women entrepreneurs in Durban, South Africa, and to contribute to the academic literature on women entrepreneurship by applying feminist theories. The study collected quantitative data from 400 women entrepreneurs using a Likert-scaled questionnaire and analysed it using Structural Equation Modelling Technique. The findings reveal the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in Durban, including lack of financial knowledge and management skills, gender inequality, and limited opportunities for education and productive assets. The study suggests new feminist philosophies and a conceptual model for policymakers and women-owned businesses to promote women's economic empowerment. However, the study's limitations include a limited sample size and reliance on selfreported data. Future research should explore financial knowledge's impact on women's economic empowerment in other provinces, with larger and more diverse samples, and employ a mixed-methods approach for a comprehensive understanding of women entrepreneurs' challenges. Finally, future studies could examine the effectiveness of specific interventions aimed at increasing financial knowledge and promoting women's economic empowerment in the context of entrepreneurship