bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dietary Knowledge and Practices among Non-Medical Staff at Babcock University in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Akingbade Oluwadamilare , Okondu Ogechukwu Emmanuel , Akinola Matthew , Maitanmi Julius Olatade , Abubakar Khadija , Faleti Daniel Durodoluwa , Chigeru Chinyere Florence , Oladimeji Tolulope Deborah , Alao Eyitomi , Umahi Esther Nnennaya , Maitanmi Bukola Titilope
Published: January 2022

Objective: Good nutrition is important in promoting health and is dependent on the quality of food eaten. Little has been researched on the dietary practices among the workforce in Nigeria. This study aimed at assessing the dietary knowledge, practices, and factors influencing dietary practices and work productivity among the non-medical staff of Universities.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 398 non-medical staff of Babcock University who were selected using the multi-stage sampling technique.  Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 21) to compute frequency distributions, means, and standard deviations. Nutritional knowledge, dietary practices, and barriers to work productivity were assessed. Inferential statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: The mean age among respondents was 38.68±11.04, with the majority being female 54.6%. of the respondents (61.1%) of Yoruba origin, about three percentiles (66%) were members of staff while (34%) were faculty members. The computed level of knowledge and dietary-based practices scores were (2.57±0.61) and (3.64±1.44) respectively, indicating poor knowledge and dietary practices, while the barriers that influence work productivity among workers (11.34±5.286) were high at 87.2%. No significant association was found between nutritional knowledge and dietary practices of staff and faculty (p=.154), but a significant association was found between dietary practices and work productivity of staff and faculty (p=.019)
Conclusion: Health education and promotion of good nutrition should be incorporated in the workplace, interventions that will improve work productivity among workers are also encouraged. This will culminate in a well-fed and healthy workforce.
Unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living among elderly in rural and urban areas in Kwara State Central Senatorial District, Nigeria
Authors: Fasiku Mojirola Martina , Durowade Kabir Adekunle , Bojuwoye Matthew Olumuyiwa , Ahmed Abdullahi , Osinubi Medinat Omobola , Musa Omotosho Ibrahim , Gordon Kayode  , Akande Tanimola Makanjuola
Published: January 2022

Objective: The elderly usually require assistance and sometimes have unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living. This study assessed the unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living among the elderly in rural and urban areas in Kwara Central Senatorial District, Nigeria. 
Methods:  Cross-sectional data were collected using pre-tested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires from 300 elderly using the multistage sampling technique. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20 was used to analyze data, and the level of significance was predetermined at a p-value less than 0.05. 
Results: Overall, 60% of the elderly in the urban than rural group (46%) had unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living. The prevalence of unmet needs for assistance with basic activities of daily living in the rural areas ranged from 0.0% (eating) to 70.8 % (bathing) and 0.0% (eating) to 68.8 % (transferring) in the urban areas. The prevalence of unmet needs for instrumental activities of daily living ranged from 16.7% (handling finances) to 59.3 % (cooking) for those in the rural areas. However, the range was from 33.3% (transportation) to 75.0% (taking medications) in the urban areas. The urban respondents had higher unmet needs for assistance with telephone use than rural respondents. (p=0.004*). 
Conclusion: The elderly in the urban areas had a higher prevalence of unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living. The government must address the needs of the elderly through a policy to prevent unmet needs for assistance with activities of daily living.
Client Satisfaction: Understanding its Predictors to improve HIV treatment and care in a tertiary facility southwestern state, Nigeria
Authors: Ahmed AbdulMumin , Imhonopi Gloria , Soyannwo Temtitope , Ojo Omogola , Fasiku Mojirola , Temitope-Oboh Abiola , Abdulsalam Abiodun , Osindeinde Ifeoluwa
Published: January 2022

Objective: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a major public health concern. Frequent hospital visits are needed on the part of the patient to achieve decreased prevalence, the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and viral suppression. Patient satisfaction is needed to achieve the aforementioned outcomes of care. This study, therefore, was conducted to assess clients’ satisfaction and perception of the quality of HIV/AIDs services and to elicit factors associated with dissatisfaction.
Method: A cross-sectional survey was done using a systematic sampling method to select the study population. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression at a p-value set at < 0.05.
Results: Most of the respondents (34.4%) were within the age range of 36- 44years. The mean age was 42.1± 11.5years. The overall satisfaction was 85.6%. The majority of respondents (95.2%) affirmed that the quality of care received was good.  Unavailability of HIV educational materials was shown to predict clients’ satisfaction more than other factors with 3.545; 95% CI: 1.519 - 8.275; p = 0.003. Likewise, clients who perceived health workers to be non-accepting and judgmental are 3.6 times more likely to be unsatisfied with HIV services provided compared to those who do not (3. 580; 95% CI: 1.264- 10.141; p = 0.016).
Conclusion: The study demonstrated impressive overall clients’ satisfaction with services provided at the health facility and the quality of care. Attention must be paid to the availability of HIV materials and training and retraining of staff to reduce stigmatization and discrimination against patients.
A Comparative Study of Predictors of Health Service Utilization among Rural and Urban Areas in Ilorin East Local Government Area of Kwara State
Authors: Ojo Omobola , Ahmed A , Ahmed A , Akande Tanimola , Osagbemi GK
Published: January 2022

Objective: Health facilities utilization among Nigerians is affected by access to hospitals and, availability of personnel. This study compared the predictors of health service utilization in rural and urban areas of Ilorin East Local Government Area of Kwara State.                
Method: A cross-sectional study, involving 250 rural and 250 urban respondents selected through multi-stage sampling techniques. Quantitative data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Qualitative data collection was done with an FGD guide. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Chi-square, t-test, and z-test were used to test for significance. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: The mean age of urban respondents was 37.1±7.9 years and 42.6 ±13.7 years for rural. Utilization among the urban respondents were 71.2%, and 89.2% among rural (z-score = 27.93; p-value = 0.01). Health services factors such as waiting time (Adjusted OR=1.012; p-value=0.989) were found to be a strong predictor of utilization among urban respondents compared with the availability of drugs (Adjusted OR= 1.696; p-value=0.407) and availability of drugs (Adjusted OR= 1.696; p-value=0.407) which were the strongest predictor among rural respondents, though they were all not statistically significant. Other factors identified were lack of staff 46.5% among rural and lack of drug 26.1% among urban communities respectively.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated higher utilization among the rural community. Knowledge of available health services was important for utilization; waiting time, and availability of drugs were major predictors of health service utilization among urban and rural communities respectively.
De la Shoah à la Nakba, un travail de mémoire en souffrance
Authors: Cypel Sylvain
Published: January 2022

Deux tragédies monopolisent les enjeux mémoriels en Israël. La première est évidemment le génocide nazi des Juifs d’Europe, qui a précédé la création de l’État. Le regard porté sur ce crime exceptionnel a évolué avec le temps, mais la volonté d’Israël de se constituer en unique héritier juif légitime de cette tragédie n’a jamais cessé. Mais, paradoxalement, la société israélienne voit dans la Shoah un événement quasi anhistorique, tout en usant abusivement de sa mémoire à tout propos. Le second enjeu est la volonté acharnée d’évacuer de la mémoire collective l’expulsion, entre 1947 et 1950, de plus de 85 % de la population palestinienne qui résidait sur le territoire de ce qui allait devenir Israël. Mais le regard porté sur cette événement a, lui aussi, évolué avec le temps. Du déni étatique initial, de l’épuration ethnique alors mise en œuvre, une partie de l’opinion israélienne a basculé dans l’aval assumé du crime.
Une aspiration croissante à la laïcité
Authors: Vidal Dominique
Published: January 2022

La défaite de Benyamin Netanyahou n’est pas le seul résultat historique des élections législatives du 23 mars 2021 : l’autre, c’est l’exclusion des partis ultra-orthodoxes du gouvernement, où ils siégeaient presque sans interruption depuis 1981. Au-delà des péripéties politiciennes, ce changement reflète un renversement dans le « Kulturkampf » – cette guerre civile rampante entre laïcs et religieux qui fait rage depuis dans les années 1990. Si la minorité ultra-orthodoxe croît et se radicalise, la majorité laïque ou traditionniste entend se libérer des contraintes religieuses : l’aspiration à une forme spécifique de laïcité s’affirme.
L’accueil des étudiants étrangers : des dissensus historiques
Authors: Durand Antonin , Tronchet Guillaume
Published: January 2022

De l’Europe médiévale à nos jours, c’est dans une tension permanente entre nationalisme et internationalisme que la structuration des universités européennes a influé sur la place octroyée en leur sein aux étrangers. Face à la compétition accrue entre les établissements, la massification de la migration internationale étudiante a fait émerger de nouvelles rationalités politiques dont celle d’un traitement différencié selon les nationalités. Retour sur la dimension structurelle des logiques sélectives et utilitaristes qui sous-tendent les politiques universitaires à l’égard des étrangers.
Ultra-sélection à l’université
Authors: Kabbanji Lama , le collectif
« Étrangèr-es et divis
Published: January 2022

Si elle s’inscrit dans la lignée des politiques de « maîtrise des flux migratoires », la réforme adoptée en 2019 ouvre la voie à la marchandisation de l’enseignement supérieur et, dans son sillage, à l’instauration d’un régime d’inégal accès à l’enseignement supérieur fondé sur une sélection tant géographique que financière des demandes d’admission au séjour pour études. La promotion d’une délocalisation des formations payantes à l’étranger, et en particulier dans les pays d’Afrique francophone, laisse présager une reconfiguration sans précédent de l’espace universitaire français.
Incidence of Retinal Artery and Vein Occlusions During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Al-Moujahed Ahmad , Boucher Nick , Fernando Rusirini , Saroj Namrata , Vail Daniel , Rosenblatt Tatiana R. , Moshfeghi Darius M.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To examine whether new cases of retinal artery occlusion (RAO) or retinal vein occlusion (RVO) increased during the coronavirus 209 (COVID-19) pandemic.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients visiting retina clinics with a new diagnosis in two time periods: between January 1, 2019, and February 29, 2020 (the pre–COVID-19 period), and between March 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020 (the COVID-19 period). The key outcome was the percentage of newly diagnosed central RAO (CRAO), branch RAO (BRAO), central RVO (CRVO), and branch RVO (BRVO) seen in each period.

RESULTS:

The study population included 285,759 new patients in the pre–COVID-19 period and 156,427 new patients in the COVID-19 period. The overall number of new patients dropped dramatically during the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic (24%, 66%, and 51% less new patients in March, April, and May 2020 than in the same months in 2019;
P
< .0001 for all 3 months). However, the decrease in the number of newly diagnosed patients with CRAO, CRVO, and BRAO during these months was less dramatic. As most states reopened in June and the number of patients in retina clinics started to increase, the newly diagnosed patients with these conditions as a percentage of all new diagnoses returned to similar trends as seen in the pre–COVID-19 period.

CONCLUSIONS:

The percentage of new cases of RAO and RVO with respect to all new diagnoses in retina clinics remained stable for the majority of the COVID-19 period. There was an increase in these percentages during the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly for CRAO, CRVO, and BRAO, which may have led to the presumption that more patients presented with these conditions during the COVID-19 period evaluated in this study.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2022;53:22–30.
Risk Classification for Progression to Subfoveal Geographic Atrophy in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Machine Learning–Enabled Outer Retinal Feature Extraction
Authors: Sarici Kubra , Abraham Joseph R. , Sevgi Duriye Damla , Lunasco Leina , Srivastava Sunil K. , Whitney Jon , Cetin Hasan , Hanumanthu Annapurna , Bell Jordan M. , Reese Jamie L. , Ehlers Justis P.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the utility of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography biomarkers to predict the development of subfoveal geographic atrophy (sfGA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This was a retrospective cohort analysis including 137 individuals with dry age-related macular degeneration without sfGA with 5 years of follow-up. Multiple spectral-domain optical coherence tomography quantitative metrics were generated, including ellipsoid zone (EZ) integrity and subretinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE) compartment features.

RESULTS:

Reduced mean EZ-RPE central subfield thickness and increased sub-RPE compartment thickness were significantly different between sfGA convertors and nonconvertors at baseline in both 2-year and 5-year sfGA risk assessment. Longitudinal change assessment showed a significantly higher degradation of EZ integrity in sfGA convertors. The predictive performance of a machine learning classification model based on 5-year and 2-year risk conversion to sfGA demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.92 ± 0.06 and 0.96 ± 0.04, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Quantitative outer retinal and sub-RPE feature assessment using a machine learning–enabled retinal segmentation platform provides multiple parameters that are associated with progression to sfGA.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging
. 2022;53:31–39.]
Pain Perception of Patients Undergoing Laser Panretinal Photocoagulation: Comparison of Single-Spot Versus Multispot Techniques
Authors: Barbosa Gabriel Castilho , Silva Allan Gomes , Susanna Bianca Nicolela , Mazzeo Thiago Muniz , Bermudes Frederico Hackbart , Machado Cleide Guimarães , Gomes André Vieira
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To compare pain intensity with single-spot versus multispot technique in laser panretinal photocoagulation, using a 532-nm, solid-state laser system.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a prospective, interventional, randomized, single-masked comparison trial. Patients received two types of intervention: conventional single-spot technique, with an exposure time of 150 ms, and multispot technique, done with an exposure time of 20 ms, Both techniques used power sufficient to produce visible gray-white burns, and spot size of 20 μm. Participants received both treatments in the same eye, each one in one hemiretina, and were randomized to receive first single- or multispot technique and to the initial site of treatment. We assessed pain intensity using a numerical pain scale immediately after completion of each treatment.

RESULTS:

A significantly lower pain scale was observed with the multispot when compared with the single-spot technique (coefficient [Coef]: −1.61; 95% CI, −2.49 to −0.74;
P
< .001), which was not affected by treatment order, the hemiretina treated, or treatment duration (
P
> .05). Among demographic characteristics, multiracial patients had a pain scale 1.25 greater than that of White patients (Coef: 1.25; 95% CI, 0.47 to 2.04;
P
= .002), but there is no effect of age or sex on the pain scale (
P
> .05). Regarding treatment duration, a shorter procedure was also observed in the multispot technique (Coef: −1.13; 95% CI, −1.43 to −0.82;
P
< .001), and it was not affected by order of treatment (
P
= .098), hemiretina (
P
= .327), pain (
P
= .141), or demographic data, such as age, sex, and race (
P
> .05).

CONCLUSION:

The use of the multispot technique, with a short pulse duration (20 ms), is significantly less painful and less time-consuming for patients with proliferative retinopathy compared with the conventional single-spot technique using an exposure time of 150 ms.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2022;53:40–45.]
2021-end editorial: achievements, thanks, perspectives
Authors: Bianca Carlo ,   Laboratoire Quartz EA 7393, École Supérieure d'Ingénieurs en Génie Électrique, Productique et Management Industriel, 13 Boulevard de l'Hautil, Cergy Pontoise Cedex, France,   Laboratoire de Recherche en Eco-innovation Industrielle et Énergétique, École Supérieure d'Ingénieurs en Génie Électrique, Productique et Management Industriel, 13 Boulevard de l'Hautil, Cergy Pontoise Cedex, France
Published: January 2022

This year, the first one as Editor-in-chief of AIMS Biophysics, comes to an end. This Editorial is devoted to summarize the main results of this year and the perspectives of the journal. Last but not least to the Thanks.
A posteriori error estimates of hp spectral element method for parabolic optimal control problems
Authors: Lu Zuliang , Cai Fei , Xu Ruixiang , Hou Chunjuan , Wu Xiankui , Yang Yin
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we investigate the spectral element approximation for the optimal control problem of parabolic equation, and present a hp spectral element approximation scheme for the parabolic optimal control problem. For improve the accuracy of the algorithm and construct an adaptive finite element approximation. Under the Scott-Zhang type quasi-interpolation operator, a $ L^2(H^1)-L^2(L^2) $ posteriori error estimates of the hp spectral element approximated solutions for both the state variables and the control variable are obtained. Adopting two auxiliary equations and stability results, a $ L^2(L^2)-L^2(L^2) $ posteriori error estimates are derived for the hp spectral element approximation of optimal parabolic control problem.
The Raw and the Cooked in Japanese cuisine
Authors: Baumert Nicolas , Fukuda Ikuhiro
Published: January 2022

Using the famous culinary triangle theorized by Claude Lévi-Strauss, this paper tries to determine the place of the raw in the Japanese culinary model and to understand how it became so iconic. For this purpose, the research focuses on the relationship with the “milieu” and concentrates on cultural explanations and historical evolution of modes of preparation and flavors. It appears that the primary purpose of the gastronomic process in Japan is to reveal the natural taste of food that will accompany rice. All modes of preparation and presentation tend towards this goal, for high cuisine but also for most traditional dishes. We conclude that the raw is not perceived to be a non-cultural product, but is simultaneously the starting and the ending point for the process of cultural appropriation of food.
Le goût de l’indifférence
Authors: Doublier Alice
Published: January 2022

Cet article propose de suivre quelques mouvements de revalorisation de la sauce soja artisanale dans le Japon contemporain. Alors que la sauce soja à macération lente en fûts de cèdre ne représente aujourd’hui qu’un pourcent de la production sur l’archipel japonais, ce texte interroge les difficultés et les contradictions auxquelles font face les acteurs de la défense de ces techniques de fabrication en voie de disparition. Pris entre l’image d’un assaisonnement quotidien et celle d’un produit de niche, designers, sommeliers et artisans tentent de redonner goût à ce condiment par-delà l’indifférence du grand public et des milieux gastronomiques.
Représentations graphiques de la culture culinaire populaire de la région d’Hanoi au début du XXe siècle, Vietnam
Authors: Tessier Olivier
Published: January 2022

Cet article se propose de donner un aperçu visuel de la cuisine populaire de la région d’Hanoi (Vietnam) au début du XXe siècle. Pour cela, nous disposons de sources graphiques abondantes rassemblées dans l’ouvrage de référence d’Henri Oger « Technique du peuple Annamite », résultat d’une étude originale et inégalée consacrée à la civilisation matérielle du nord du Vietnam à cette époque. Au sein de cet imposant corpus composé de 4200 dessins et croquis, plusieurs centaines d’illustrations sont consacrées à la nourriture considérée au sens large. La première partie de cet article donne un aperçu des principales caractéristiques du corpus et de la méthodologie déployée par son auteur pour le constituer, tout en exposant les raisons qui m’ont amené à le réorganiser. En puisant dans cette mine d’informations socio-historiques brute largement sous-exploitée par son auteur, l’objectif est de prolonger ce travail précurseur d’inventaire en reconstituant une filière alimentaire complète, celle du riz, ainsi qu’une chaîne opératoire de production d’un condiment, la saumure de soja (tương), puis de donner un aperçu de la cuisine populaire au travers des préparations et mets proposés par les vendeurs ambulants, les restaurants et commerces alimentaires de rue au début du siècle dernier.
Aguranabe, petite histoire des tabous alimentaires de la consommation de viande dans le Japon au milieu du XIXe siècle
Authors: Hosoi Ayame
Published: January 2022

Dans d’innombrables ouvrages littéraires japonais, fictions et non-fictions, la description de la nourriture joue un rôle de miroir reflétant l’évolution de la société. Nous tenterons d’éclairer certaines problématiques et préoccupations populaires au Japon, à travers un ouvrage, Aguranabe (1871), de Kanagaki Robun (1829-1894). Nous pouvons observer quelques nouveautés dans les pratiques alimentaires des Japonais, concernant la viande de bœuf ou l’apparition des produits laitiers et de leurs variantes. La consommation de ces nouveaux produits présente un paradoxe intrinsèque : un sentiment de culpabilité dû à la transgression des anciens tabous alimentaires et la fierté d’être devenu « civilisé ». Dans le processus d’acculturation de cette alimentation, une notion clef, la nutrition, apparaît alors comme une justification permettant la résolution du dilemme. Ce processus met en lumière le comportement dubitatif et hésitant des Japonais face à l’inversion radicale des valeurs lors de la transition de l’ancien Japon (Edo) au Japon moderne (Meiji). Apparaît aussi une autre nouveauté, l’expression du plaisir gustatif, dont la manifestation était autrefois considérée comme impudique.
Kung food : chorégraphier les gestes culinaires
Authors: Faucon Térésa
Published: January 2022

Ce texte s’intéresse à un sous genre des films de kung fu tournés à Hong Kong et à Shanghai depuis les années 1990, que l’on pourrait nommer « kung food », à partir de la rencontre entre la cuisine chinoise et le kung fu. Dans ces films réalisés par Tsui Hark, Stephen Chow et Wing Kin Yip de nombreux duels sont mis en scène. Les combattants doivent témoigner de qualités qui relèvent de ces deux arts : savoir couper et faire cuire les aliments, savoir voler et exprimer sa force intérieure. Il est même dit que l’académie de la cuisine chinoise n’est autre que la cuisine du Monastère de Shaolin. Ici, nous nous attachons à analyser les formes de représentation des préparations culinaires – mise en scène, découpage, montage visuel et sonore.
L’errance diagnostique en question dans les forums « maladies rares » : de la déconstruction de la figure de l’expert médical à la construction d’une expertise patient
Authors: Fèvre-Pernet Christine
Published: January 2022

Nous observons dans notre contribution, au travers de la circulation de la parole dans les forums « Maladies Rares », comment l’errance diagnostique est vécue et perçue par les malades et comment elle remet en question le rapport au corps médical. Plus précisément, on assiste à une redistribution des rôles et à la création d’une figure d’expert (le « patient expert ») qui tire sa légitimité non plus d’un rôle social donné mais d’une somme d’expériences partagées. C’est à partir d’un corpus textuel, exploité de manière semi-automatique, que l’on s’attache à décrire comment s’opère la mise à distance de la figure de l’expert « médical » et comment se construit la communauté d’expert « patients ».
La transgression du contrat de communication dans la relation de soin en ehpad
Authors: Noda Hiroko
Published: January 2022

Cet article vise à interroger la transgression du contrat de communication dans l’interaction de soin au sein d’Établissement d’Hébergement pour les Personnes Âgées Dépendantes (EHPAD). Les aides-soignantes (AS) sont amenées à s’ajuster à la capacité communicationnelle de chaque résident. Mais cet ajustement peut entraîner la transgression du contrat de communication. Une étude de terrain effectuée dans des EHPAD a montré que certaines AS ont employé « discrètement » des expressions affectueuses telles que ma chérie aux résidents, tout en sachant que leur emploi est interdit par l’établissement. Dans ce cas, les AS transgressent les règles en pensant au bien du résident. Par ailleurs, la transgression peut se manifester par une certaine forme de violence verbale et/ou physique. Ces cas de transgression du contrat de communication font apparaître la complexité des relations entre les AS et les résidents, ainsi que leur vulnérabilité.
Educational Development in Hadhramaut
Authors: Mulholland John M. , al-Qu'aiti Sultana Feroze
Published: January 2022

This chapter will define the goals and describe the methods of Friends of Hadhramaut's (FOH), a UK-based charitable trust, efforts to nurture the seeds that will evolve to embrace the goals of the knowledge economy (KE) in Hadhramaut. As a charitable organization, FOH focuses its support on the health/medical and educational sectors of society. FOH has made additional strides to focus on girls' education and on those who have what we call “learning disabilities,” a label which covers a broad range of dysfunctions. This chapter will focus on FOH's methodology and achievements in the educational sector.
Effect of different training methods on tactical-technical performance and decision-making of beach volleyball male athletes
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Paraiba, Grisi Raianne , Torres Vitor Bruno Cavalcanti ,   Universidade Federal do Paraiba, Silva Julio Cesar Gomes da , Maranhão José Fellipe Soares , Castro Henrique de Oliveira , Batista Gilmário Ricarte
Published: January 2022

Training methods are differential tools for improving the tactical and technical performance of teams. The aim of the presente study was to analyze the effect of six weeks on learning/performance using two methods. 16 male athletes participated. The study lasted ten weeks, divided into three main phases: pre, intervention and post evaluations. In the pre and post phases were performed evaluations of tactical-technical performance and decision making in the attack. The intervention was performed with three training sessions per weeks for each group according to the method (analytical and situational) and at the end of the session traditional and/or adapted games were performed. In the effectiveness of actions with the situational training method, the reception (p= 0.014) and the survey (p= 0.004) showed an increase between the pre vs. pos moment. In the performance coefficient with the situational training method, the reception (p= 0.025) and the survey (p= 0.020) also showed an increase between the pre vs. pos moment. And in the decision making of the attack, the situational group (p= 0.019) promoted superior adaptations to the analytical method. It is concluded that the situational method promotes beginners to beach volleyball learning in relation to the fundamentals of receiving service and lifting, as well as for decision making of the attack.
Mood state, motivation and impulsivity of students that participated in youth school games
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Goiás -UFG, Costa Karla Medeiros Costa , Penna Eduardo ,   Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Inácio Humberto Luís de Deus , Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa de ,   Universidade Federal de Goiás -UFG, Costa Gustavp De Conti
Published: January 2022

The present study aimed to compare the mood, motivation and impulsivity of student-students participating in Youth School games and their analysis between genders. A cross-sectional survey was conducted by 147 students aged 12 to 17 years (14.53 ± 1.51 years; 51,70% male). The following scales were used: 1) Brunel Mood Scale; 2) Motivation for Measured Physical Activity reviewed and 3) Impulsive Behavior Scale. For comparison between the groups, the Mann-Whitney U test was used and the effect size was calculated by means of Cohen d. The results showed that female schoolchildren had higher scores of anxiety, anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, lack of perseverance and premeditation. On the other hand, male schoolchildren presented higher scores in appearance and health, being more motivated by extrinsic factors in relation to the female sex. Therefore, it is suggested that training strategies be adapted according to gender, in view of their respective characteristics.
Local norms and the application of the right to sport by municipalities from Piauí
Authors:   Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (Univasf), Santos Edmilson Santos dos , Juchem Luciano ,   Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (Univasf), Maduro Luiz Alcides Ramires ,   Federal University of São Francisco (Univasf)
Published: January 2022

In recent years, important studies on the participation of municipalities in the expenses with the Sport and Leisure Function (SLF) have been published in Brazil, but little is known regarding variables affecting its results. For that matter, the present study aimed to verify the existence of a norm, in the scope of the organic law, capable of explaining the behavior of expenses with the SLF by municipalities from Piauí. The sample was composed of 44,64% (100) of municipalities in Piauí (224). The majority of the sample does not acknowledge the subject as an important one among other private competences (94%) and with full effectiveness (96%). Unlike the behavior of these two legislative classes, out of all municipalities that have not presented norms for the dealing with the subject, 1/3 has expended for 15 years. The organic law was not a good predictor of the behavior of expenses with the SLF by municipalities from Piauí.
Work performed throughout the life of retirees and factors associated with physical inactivity and health conditions
Authors:   São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro-SP, Brazil, Micali Pollyanna , Codogno Jamile ,   São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro-SP, Brazil
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to identify the most prevalent chronic diseases among retired residents in the city of Rio Claro-SP and possible associations of work performed during their lives (manual or intellectual) with physical inactivity, body mass index, diseases, and expenses with health services. This is a cross-sectional population study with retired individuals, performed at two moments (2014 and 2018). Instruments used for data collection: Survey of Referred Morbidities; Questionnaire developed by Pimenta (2006); International Physical Activity Questionnaire; Body mass index The statistical tests applied were the Chi-square test, by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney with the Bonferroni adjustment. The sample of the present study was composed of 171 retirees, with the highest prevalence of married individuals (81.3%), with secondary education incomplete (53.8%), economic class "C" (49.1%), manual work performed throughout life (54.4%), obese (49.1%), and sedentary (33.9%). The association analysis demonstrated that the majority of the sample who performed manual work throughout life was associated with hypertension (p= 0.01) and Osteoarthritis (p 0.01). It is concluded that manual labor seems to present a greater risk for the development of chronic diseases
Class context, teacher behavior, and physical activity levels during physical education classes
Authors:   Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Brey Josieli Regina , Suga Alessandra Cardozo Machado , Silva Alexandre Augusto De Paula Da ,   Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR),   Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Rodriguez-AñezRogriguez-A Ciro Romelio ,   Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR)
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to test the association between classroom context, teacher’s behavior and the physical activity (PA) level of elementary school students during physical education (PE) classes. Eighteen PE classes from six schools were evaluated. Classrrom context and teacher’s behavior were assessed by systematic observation (SOFIT) while students' PA level was measured by accelerometry. Data were treated by descriptive statistics and presented as a proportion of class time in sedentary behavior and at different PA levels. Association between classroom context and teacher behavior with different PA levels was tested by binary logistic regression. The student spent more time during PE class in light (40.8%) and vigorous (40.9%) PAs. The largest proportion of class time was allocated to the context of: structured games (35.8%), skill practice (23.2%) and management (21.7%) context represented 80.7% total time of PE class. The most frequent behavior of the teacher were: general instruction (45.5%), management (28.7%) and observing (18.3%). It was found that the proportion of student’s time in sedentary behavior and at different levels of PA during the PE class varied according to the context of the class and the teachers' behavior.
A perceptual cue on a moving opponent improves the learning of a motor skill from aikido
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Gemas Neto Estefan , Silveira Sergio Roberto ,   University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil, Reis Marcos Antônio Mattos dos ,   University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife-PE, Brazil, Corrêa Umberto Cesar
Published: January 2022

The effect of different instructional foci on the learning of a motor skill of aikido was investigated. Sixty participants from both sexes with an average age of 14 practiced choku tsuki task, which consisted of hitting a target on the chest of an attacking opponent with a stick. They were divided into four groups: relaxation, with a cue about the relaxed way in which the task should be performed; low hip, with a cue about maintaining hip displacement as low as possible; perceptive, with a cue at the circular target located on the chest of the opponent as they raised their sword to attack; and control, without cues. The dependent variables included measures related to the task goals, movement pattern relative to the task components and kinematic features. Only the perceptive and low hip groups learned the motor skill. The perceptive group obtained better overall performance than the other groups. Learning choku tsuki was improved by the instructional cue “strike target as soon as sword is raised”, establishing the learner’s perceptive attunement to the moving opponent. Learning was also enhanced by the cue "keep hips as low as possible"; however, at a lower level than that of the perceptive cue.
Amateur surfing on the south coast of São Paulo: lifestyle and work as factors of adherence to practice
Authors:   Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Doro Luiz Carlos Marinovic , Terra Vinícius Demarchi Silva , Lombardi Junior Império
Published: January 2022

In the present study, we dealt with the relationship between lifestyle and adherence to the physical activity and discussed the conditions that make it possible for amateur to remain in a complex practice as surfing. For these purpose, we interviewed eleven surfers with over eleven years of uninterrupted practice on the South Coast of São Paulo. Through an analysis of the interviews content, it was possible to verify that their permanence is less influenced by gender issues, age and marital status (usually prioritized in the literature about this subject) than employment conditions. It is argued that adherence to surfing is linked to lifestyle and youth ideals, while the conditions for the continuity of the amateurs practice involves the family and employment ties, whose stability gives security to the routine and modulates the possibilities between social times and nature times. Thus, mature surfers narrate a way of life that values prudent attitudes as a way of redefining surfing in their lives, pointing out to a transformation of surf culture. It is considered that the relationship between permanence in practice and job stability deserves to be investigated in future studies
Rugby in physical education: from teacher training to intereschool festivals
Authors:   Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), Pinheiro Eraldo dos Santos , Silva Patrícia da Rosa Louzada , Müller Camila Borges , Goicochea Ciana Alves , Ferreira Gustavo Dias , Bergmann Gabriel Gustavo
Published: January 2022

The school is an important environment for the development of physical and sports activity. Thus, in order to deconstruct the polarization of school sport, rugby emerges as an alternative to Physical Education (PE) classes. The aim of this article was to describe the process of insertion of rugby in the school environment in the city of Pelotas/RS. This case study originates from the extension project developed to insert rugby in the Pelotas-RS schools. Between the years 2015 and 2017, 102 teachers participated in the project, reaching around 9,600 students in PE classes and 995 students in the festivals. In addition, most of the teachers looked for the modality as a new alternative of content and hoped to be able to learn and to reproduce the content. Finally, rugby was inserted into the teaching plans of teachers and viewed positively as an alternative to PE classes
Artificial intelligence techniques applied to predict teams position of the Brazilian football championship
Authors:   Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba-PR, Brazil, Kleina Mariana , Santos Mateus Noronha dos , Santos Tiago Noronha dos , Marques Marcos Augusto Mendes , Silva Wiliam de Assis
Published: January 2022

This study presents a classifier prediction in groups for the Brazilian Football Championship of both A and B leagues, from the results of the first half of each championship. With assertive predictions of the group where a team will end the championship, strategic planning can be performed in the squad, such as new hiring, specific training for athletes, and possible championships that the team will be entitled to participate in according to the group classification. In order to find the predictions, two techniques of artificial intelligence were applied: Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), which is a type of artificial neural network, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Preliminary results show that the proposed methodology is very promising, with more than 40% successful cases with MLP and almost 50% with SVM. Moreover, results indicate that the methodology is able to make a reasonable prediction by missing one group of the true group at the end of the championship. The SVM technique was slightly better than MLP. A post-processing analysis of the SVM results was applied to the 2018 A league data from the Brazilian championship, resulting in 85% success indicator of groups.
Graduation in physical education and the reality of basic education: perception of future teachers
Authors:   State University of Northern Paraná (UENP), Jacarezinho-PR, Brazil, Paiva Héres Faria Ferreira Becker , Anversa Ana Luiza Barbosa ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Both Jorge ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Souza Vania de Fatima Matias de ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Kravchychyn Claudio ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Oliveira Amauri Aparecido Bássoli de
Published: January 2022

The study aimed to verify the perception of school Physical Education students, about your undergraduate course and its relationship with the school context. The research had as participants 52 students from a public university in the north of the state of Paraná, Brazil, at the end of curricular stage. Based on national resolutions for teacher formation, Pedagogical Project and course menus, a matrix was built based on the theoretical dimensions “construction of identity”, “relationship with the school” and “pedagogical knowledge”, generating 10 units of analysis and a questionnaire that was answered by the participants. The research results demonstrate strengths and weaknesses in the process of interaction between activities inside and outside the classroom, mainly the supervised stage and teaching, research and extension projects, actions considered essential to teacher qualification.
Neurotoxicity Study with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Rat
Authors: Chen Jun , Zhou Chun Di
Published: January 2022

Numerous studies have shown titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) could present a risk or potential risk to humans and other living organisms in certain conditions via inhalation and skin contact. Dermal exposure has limited adverse effects and the possible risks for exogenous inhaled nanoparticles migrating to the brain through the olfactory nerve is still under research. To study the in vivo and in vitro neurotoxicity of brain tissue in rats induced by TiO2 NPs. For in vitro study, rat astrocytes were exposed to TiO2 NPs with three different diameters (10, 50 and 200 nm) at five concentrations levels. Cellular morphology and sulfur rhodamine B (SRB) were carried out to evaluate the viability of particle-treated cells after 72 hours exposure. For in vivo study, suspensions of test material above mentioned were injected into tracheas of Wistar rats at dose of 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg·kg-1 in three groups, respectively. After 72 hours of exposure, the concentration of TiO2 NPs in brain tissue and the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 in brain homogenate were measured, while the cell morphology induced by TiO2 NPs was observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. TiO2 NPs can significantly affect the growth and morphology of rat astrocytes and inhibit the proliferation of astrocytes, which was positively related to dose-effect and size-dependent response. Pathological observations indicated that TiO2 NPs could penetrate the blood-brain barrier, leading to blood-brain barrier damage in rats, brain tissue necrosis, mitochondrial swelling and apoptosis while the non-nanoscale TiO2 particles showed no significant toxicity in the central nervous system cells.
Test and Calculation Model of Thermal Conductivity of Concrete
Authors: Liu Lin , Wang Jing Chang
Published: January 2022

In order to study the influence of water content and hydration degree on the thermal conductivity of concrete, based on the steady-state plate method, the influence of water content, temperature, hydration degree and other factors on the thermal conductivity of early concrete was studied, and the calculation model of thermal conductivity of early concrete was established according to the test results and influence rules. The results show that there is a linear relationship between the thermal conductivity and water content at 28d, the higher the hydration degree is, the lower the thermal conductivity of concrete is; the difference between the measured value and the calculated model value is small, and the calculation formula can meet the requirements of engineering calculation.
WEDM Machining Performance of Al Based Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced with Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Seikh Ziyauddin , Kunar Sandip , Haque Rafiqul , Haidar Shamim , Sekh Mukandar
Published: January 2022

With the enhancement in science and technology, necessity of complex shapes in manufacturing industries becomes essential for more versatile applications. These lead to demand for light weight and durable materials for applications in aerospace, defence, automotive, as well as sports and thermal management. Due to its high-tech structural, functional applications like defence, automobile, aerospace, thermal sensitive materials. Al-Matrix composites are considered as one of those classes of advanced engineering materials. In the present study, Al-RHA (Rice Husk Ash) composites are prepared by powder metallurgy route using 10% and 15% RHA by weight as reinforcement. Presence of abrasive particles leads to difficulty of conventional machining on Al-RHA composites hence non-conventional machining WEDM (Wire-Electric Discharge Machining) has been investigated. Suitable machining parameters for composites using wire EDM have been tried to get maximum material removal rate and speed. Optimizations of experimental parameters have been studied using Taguchi and Anova to standardize the process parameters for machining. Prime process parameters like servo-voltage, pulse-on time and pulse-off-time have been taken into consideration to study cutting quality of Al-RHA Metal matrix Composite using cutting speed as response parameters while effect of RHA weight fraction addition is also considered for evaluation to understand its influence on affecting the response.
Production and Assessment of AZ91 Reinforced with Nano SiC through Stir Casting Process
Authors: Jeffrey J. Allen , Kumar S. Suresh , Hariharan P. , Kamesh M. , Raj A. Mithun
Published: January 2022

Magnesium, a light weight alloy used in multiple engineering industrial applications because of its good Physical, Chemical and Thermal characteristics. Magnesium composites play an important role in partial or entire replacement of numerous alloys.This current work deals with Nano silicon carbide of about 100nm was incorporated with AZ91magnesium alloy through liquid state composite processing. Two samples are made using 0% Nano SiC and 3% Nano SiC and are characterized through tensile test in Universal Testing Machine, Micro hardness test in Vickers hardness tester and Microstructure in Optical Microscopy. From the study it was clear that there is a peak increase in hardness of about 36% when compared to as casted AZ91.
Interprofessional, Interdisciplinary, or Multidisciplinary?
Authors: Baggs Judith Gedney
Published: January 2022

As a longtime researcher in interprofessional collaborative care and deputy editor-in-chief of the Journal of Interprofessional Care, I was dismayed by the imprecise use of language in the article by Colbenson et al.1 The title says “interprofessional,” the first sentence of the abstract says “interdisciplinary,” and the abstract also uses the word “multidisciplinary.” These words have different meanings and are not interchangeable. The first implies collaborative interactions, the second is often used by physicians to imply physicians with different specialties interacting (eg, oncologist and pathologist), and the third simply means that persons from different professions are in the same space per- haps working in parallel, perhaps sequentially. Another term the authors use, “ICU [intensive care unit] teams,” may or may not actually be working as teams, but the terms are not defined. The theme “interdisciplinary dynamics” is really about multidisciplinary interactions and is minimally described. If nurses feel devalued and not involved in decision-making, the dynamics are not interprofessional or even interdisciplinary.