bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Circular Economy Transformation of Airports: An Alternative Model for Retail Waste Management
Authors: Tjahjono Michelle , Ünal Enes , Tran Trung Hieu
Published: February 2023

Airport terminals worldwide generate approximately 6 million tons of passenger waste annually. Increased awareness of climate change and global interventions for environmental sustainability requires a reassessment of airports’ current methods of waste management. This paper proposes a new design concept solution called circular airport retail waste management (CAWM) for airport terminal retail waste processing, which aims to reduce and ideally eliminate airport waste ending up in landfill or incineration. Given the need for novelty and challenging the status-quo, the double diamond design process was adopted as the research method. The research began by collating the current practices of retail waste processing in airports via a literature review and field observations. Secondly, a critical analysis of the current processes was conducted to identify the intervention points. Thirdly, a concept solution was developed based on the circular economy (CE) 9R framework. Finally, the CAWM concept was delivered to airport waste management personnel for review. CAWM offers a structured way of airport retail waste management practices, including the segregation of nonrecyclable and recyclable waste (i.e., different bin designs, color coding, harmonization of waste colors, improved instructions and signage, various bin locations, training, and installing more liquid disposal and donation stations). Airports can leverage CAWM for greater efficiency and cost-effectiveness regarding airport terminal waste processing, such that more waste can be diverted from incineration and landfill to recovery, which will subsequently help airports achieve net-zero targets. This research contributes to the extant CE literature, especially in the aviation industry context, where the academic discourse surrounding this subject and its peculiarities are limited.
Demystifying the Economic Growth and CO2 Nexus in Fujian’s Key Industries Based on Decoupling and LMDI Model
Authors: Jiang Qingquan , Lin Jinhuang , Wei Qianqian , Zhang Rui , Fu Hongzhen
Published: February 2023

Faced with peaking carbon emissions and carbon neutrality goals, low-carbon transformation has become an important part of China’s current economic construction. Fujian is one of the provinces with the fastest economic development in China and the core area of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Therefore, its low-carbon economic development path is of great significance to China. This study focused on the key carbon emission industries in Fujian Province, using energy and carbon emission data from industrial sectors in Fujian Province from 2005 to 2019 to establish the Tapio decoupling model. Then, we decomposed the carbon emission drivers of each industry using the LMDI decomposition method, and finally analyzed the decoupling efforts made by each carbon emission driver on the basis of the Tapio decoupling model and LMDI decomposition model. The results showed that (1) carbon emissions in Fujian Province were mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry and the electricity, heat, gas, water production and supply industries; (2) to date, some industries in Fujian Province have achieved the decoupling of carbon emissions, but the decoupling status was not stable; and (3) both energy structure and energy intensity have facilitated increasing decoupling efforts for carbon emissions. Industrial structure has contributed less to decoupling, and population size has not yet to make an impact on decoupling. Therefore, in the future, Fujian Province should increase expenditure on green technology research and development to improve energy efficiency and gradually use renewable energy to replace fossil energy, continue to adjust the industrial structure, and increase the government’s supervision on corporate carbon emissions.
Probabilistic Forecast and Risk Assessment of Flash Droughts Based on Numeric Weather Forecast: A Case Study in Zhejiang, China
Authors: Wen Jinhua , Hua Yian , Cai Chenkai , Wang Shiwu , Wang Helong , Zhou Xinyan , Huang Jian , Wang Jianqun
Published: February 2023

In recent years, flash droughts with a rapid onset and strong intensity have attracted extensive attention due to their impact on agriculture and ecosystems. However, there is still no feasible method for flash drought forecasting and early warning. This paper employs the thresholds of several meteorological variables to identify flash droughts in Zhejiang Province, China, and build a probabilistic flash drought forecasting model through numeric weather forecast (NWF) and the generalized Bayesian model (GBM). The results show that the northern part of Zhejiang Province has the highest risk of flash drought. The NWF is a viable method to provide future information for flash drought forecasting and early warning, but its forecasting accuracy tends to decline with the increase in the lead time and is very limited when the lead time is over 5 days, especially for the precipitation forecast. Due to the low performance of the NWF, the flash drought forecast based on the raw NWF may be unreliable when the lead time is over 5 days. To solve this problem, probabilistic forecasting based on GBM is employed to quantify the uncertainty in the NWF and is tested through an example analysis. In the example analysis, it was found that the probability of a flash drought exceeds 30% from the probabilistic forecasting when the lead time is 12 days, while the deterministic forecasting via the raw NWF cannot identify a flash drought when the lead time is over 5 days. In conclusion, probabilistic forecasting can identify a potential flash drought earlier and can be used to evaluate the risk of a flash drought, which is conducive for the early warning of flash droughts and the development of response measures.
How to Promote Healthier and More Sustainable Food Choices: The Case of Portugal
Authors: Pais Daniel Francisco , Marques António Cardoso , Fuinhas José Alberto
Published: February 2023

The demand for food has been increasing throughout the years, with notable preferences for animal-based foods. Considering the impact of the excessive animal-based consumption on the environment and public health, international organisations and the scientific literature have advised for a large-scale transition towards healthier and more sustainable food consumptions, i.e., a systematic decrease in animal-based consumption followed by an increase in plant-based consumption. However, to effectively promote healthier and more sustainable food choices such as plant-based ones, it is crucial to understand what motivates consumers’ food choices. Based on primary data (N = 1040), representative of the Portuguese population, it was possible to assess the potential motivators behind food choices, allowing to provide guidelines for policy decision. The impact of different socioeconomic characteristics, food consumption orientations, and food-related behaviours on food choices was estimated. In general, most of the drivers of plant-based meals were also motivators for reducing animal-based meals. The main findings demonstrate that the more environmentally conscious and informed the consumer, the more likely they are to choose more plant-based and less animal-based meals on a weekly basis; not only informed consumers, but consumers who actively look for information before buying choose more plant-based meals. Thus, not only information, but, more importantly, education regarding food characteristics and its impact on society should be the focus of policymakers. Understanding the drivers and barriers of food choices is vital for informing future food policy to promote healthier and more sustainable choices rich in plant-based foods, both for Portugal as well as for other European countries, particularly the southern ones with similar culture and where the Mediterranean diet is highly promoted.
What Are the Binding Constraints for a Knowledge-Based Economy in Qatar?
Authors: Al-Qahtani Abdulrahman Saad Saeed A. , Shirazi Nasim S.
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to investigate the binding constraints on building a knowledge-based economy (KBE) in Qatar. The research used descriptive and qualitative approaches within the new institutional economics paradigm using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Taking cognizance that natural-resource-driven economic development may not be sustainable, the Qatar National Vision 2030 was launched with the expectation that educational expansion and reform would turn Qatar’s carbon economy into a “knowledge economy”. The Qatari government’s National Development Strategy 2018–2022 has anchored the economic diversification agenda on building a knowledge-based economy. The findings demonstrated that per the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor analysis, compared with selected countries, Qatar scored relatively high across various dimensions of new institutional economics, including institution, governance, market, and culture. This shows that the knowledge-based economy in Qatar is developing. Several studies examined a variety of issues in building a knowledge-based economy in Qatar, but this is the first study to explore the binding constraints of building a knowledge-based economy in Qatar using the new institutional economics theory as a tool of analysis.
Performance Analysis of an Open-Flow Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Solar Collector with Using a Different Fins Shapes
Authors: Ajel Mohammed G. , Gedik Engin , Abdul Wahhab Hasanain A. , Shallal Basam A.
Published: February 2023

Generally, photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electricity using semiconductor materials in their manufacture by converting energy into electricity by absorbing heat from solar radiation, which requires reducing the heat of these panels to improve the efficiency of electricity generation. Therefore, the issue of cooling photovoltaic panels became one of the objectives that were addressed in many studies, while cost reduction was the most important concern in the manufacture of these panels, followed by low energy consumption. In this work, the performance analysis for PV panels was achieved through using two models (Model-C and Model-S) of open-flow flat collector improves the cooling process for PV panel. The investigations of open-flow flat collector have been performed and analyzed using experimental and numerical methods. The simulation analysis was carried out by ANSYS FLUENT 17.0 software with two open-flow flat collector modules. Results appeared the effect of collector design (fin shape) on PV/T system performance and PV panel temperature, it was the percentage of difference temperature with uncooled PV panel 8.4% and 9.8% for Model-C and Model-S, at 1:00 p.m., while the performance of PV panel increased to 23.9% and 25.3% with both models, respectively at (1:00 p.m.). The evaluation result demonstrates that the performance of PV/T system increased, also the fins in open-flow collector helped the system enhance.
Intermolecular Interactions in Binary and Ternary Solutions of a Zwitterionic Compound Studied by Solvatochromism
Authors: Dorohoi Dana Ortansa , Creanga Dorina Emilia , Dimitriu Dan Gheorghe
Published: February 2023

The 1-dithiocarboxy-2-ethoxy-1-(isoquinolin-2-yl)-2-oxoethan-1-ylid (iQTCY) zwitterionic molecule has been studied by computational and spectral means in order to establish some of its structural parameters in the ground electronic state as well as the nature and the strength of its universal and specific interactions with different solvents. The prevalence of the orientation–induction interactions in the diluted solutions of iQTCY in aprotic solvents and the additional specific interactions by hydrogen bonds (HB) in the protic solvents were demonstrated. Three theoretical models were comparatively used to estimate the composition of the first solvation shell of the iQTCY molecule in ternary solutions. The difference between the interaction energies in molecular pairs solute–solvent was computed based on the statistical cell model of ternary solutions of iQTCY in mixtures of water–ethanol and water–methanol. Using the electro-optical parameters computed by the quantum-mechanical technique and the results of the solvatochromic study, the excited state dipole moment of iQTCY was estimated within the limit of the variational method applicable to molecules that show only an absorption electronic spectrum.
Copula Approach for Dependent Competing Risks of Generalized Half-Logistic Distributions under Accelerated Censoring Data
Authors: Al-Essa Laila A. , Soliman Ahmed A. , Abd-Elmougod Gamal A. , Alshanbari Huda M.
Published: February 2023

In medicals sciences and reliability engineering, the failure of individuals or units (I/Us) occurs due to independent causes of failure. In general, the symmetry between dependent and independent causes of failure is essential to the nature of the problem at hand. In this study, we considered the accelerated dependent competing risks model when the lifetime of I/Us was modeled using a generalized half-logistic distribution. The data were obtained with respect to constant stress accelerated life tests (ALTs) with a type-II progressive censoring scheme. The dependence structure was formulated using the copula approach (symmetric Archimedean copula). The model parameters were estimated with the maximum likelihood method; only two dependent causes of failure and bivariate Pareto copula functions were proposed. The approximate confidence intervals were constructed using both the asymptotic normality distribution of MLEs and bootstrap techniques. Additionally, an estimator of the reliability of the system under a normal stress level was constructed. The results from the estimation methods were tested by performing a Monte Carlo simulation study. Finally, an analysis of data sets from two stress levels was performed for illustrative purposes.
Gaugino Masses from Misaligned Supersymmetry Breaking and R-Symmetry Breaking Spurions
Authors: Fu Yunhao , Li Tianjun , Ran Longjie , Sun Zheng
Published: February 2023

In gauge mediation models with multiple spurion fields breaking SUSY and the R-symmetry separately, we show that it is possible to generate gaugino masses in one loop if the R-charge arrangement satisfies a certain condition. The resulting gaugino masses are calculated and suppressed by a power of the messenger’s mass scale. We present two simple examples to demonstrate this possibility and discuss possible phenomenology implications.
Highlights on the Luspatercept Treatment in Thalassemia
Authors: Aydinok Yesim
Published: February 2023

Luspatercept has been shown to act as a ligand trap, selectively suppressing the deleterious effects of GDF11 that blocks terminal erythroid maturation, restoring normal erythroid differentiation and improving anemia in animal models of β-thalassemia. Effective doses of luspatercept achieved hemoglobin increase within 7 days of the first dose, and plasma half-life supports subcutaneously administration every 21 days in adults with β-thalassemia. A Phase 3, placebo-controlled 1-year study with starting dose of 1.0 up to 1.25 mg/kg every 21 days achieved ≥33% reduction in red cell transfusion volume in 21.4% of adult transfusion-dependent β-, HbE/β-thalassemia patients on luspatercept vs. 4.5% on placebo over a fixed 12-week period, and 41.1% of patients in luspatercept vs. 2.7% placebo in any 24-week period. Luspatercept allowed ≥1.0 and ≥1.5 g/dL increase in hemoglobin from baseline in 77% and 52.1% of adult non-transfusion-dependent β-, HbE/β-thalassemia patients vs. 0% placebo over a 12-week interval. Although not significant, a greater improvement in patient-reported outcomes was observed with luspatercept. Luspatercept had a manageable safety profile with notable adverse effects of venous thromboembolism in 3.6% of transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia vs. 0.9% of placebo and extramedullary hematopoiesis in 6% of non-transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia vs. 2% of placebo. The pediatric study started patients’ enrollment.
A Novel Mathematical Model That Predicts the Protection Time of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies
Authors: Xu Zhaobin , Wei Dongqing , Zhang Hongmei , Demongeot Jacques
Published: February 2023

Infectious diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 pose a considerable threat to public health. Constructing a reliable mathematical model helps us quantitatively explain the kinetic characteristics of antibody-virus interactions. A novel and robust model is developed to integrate antibody dynamics with virus dynamics based on a comprehensive understanding of immunology principles. This model explicitly formulizes the pernicious effect of the antibody, together with a positive feedback stimulation of the virus–antibody complex on the antibody regeneration. Besides providing quantitative insights into antibody and virus dynamics, it demonstrates good adaptivity in recapturing the virus-antibody interaction. It is proposed that the environmental antigenic substances help maintain the memory cell level and the corresponding neutralizing antibodies secreted by those memory cells. A broader application is also visualized in predicting the antibody protection time caused by a natural infection. Suitable binding antibodies and the presence of massive environmental antigenic substances would prolong the protection time against breakthrough infection. The model also displays excellent fitness and provides good explanations for antibody selection, antibody interference, and self-reinfection. It helps elucidate how our immune system efficiently develops neutralizing antibodies with good binding kinetics. It provides a reasonable explanation for the lower SARS-CoV-2 mortality in the population that was vaccinated with other vaccines. It is inferred that the best strategy for prolonging the vaccine protection time is not repeated inoculation but a directed induction of fast-binding antibodies. Eventually, this model will inform the future construction of an optimal mathematical model and help us fight against those infectious diseases.
Depressive-like Behavior Is Accompanied by Prefrontal Cortical Innate Immune Fatigue and Dendritic Spine Losses after HIV-1 Tat and Morphine Exposure
Authors: Nass Sara R. , Hahn Yun K. , Ohene-Nyako Michael , McLane Virginia D. , Damaj M. Imad , Thacker Leroy R. , Knapp Pamela E. , Hauser Kurt F.
Published: February 2023

Opioid use disorder (OUD) and HIV are comorbid epidemics that can increase depression. HIV and the viral protein Tat can directly induce neuronal injury within reward and emotionality brain circuitry, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Such damage involves both excitotoxic mechanisms and more indirect pathways through neuroinflammation, both of which can be worsened by opioid co-exposure. To assess whether excitotoxicity and/or neuroinflammation might drive depressive behaviors in persons infected with HIV (PWH) and those who use opioids, male mice were exposed to HIV-1 Tat for eight weeks, given escalating doses of morphine during the last two weeks, and assessed for depressive-like behavior. Tat expression decreased sucrose consumption and adaptability, whereas morphine administration increased chow consumption and exacerbated Tat-induced decreases in nesting and burrowing—activities associated with well-being. Across all treatment groups, depressive-like behavior correlated with increased proinflammatory cytokines in the PFC. Nevertheless, supporting the theory that innate immune responses adapt to chronic Tat exposure, most proinflammatory cytokines were unaffected by Tat or morphine. Further, Tat increased PFC levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, which were exacerbated by morphine administration. Tat, but not morphine, decreased dendritic spine density on layer V pyramidal neurons in the anterior cingulate. Together, our findings suggest that HIV-1 Tat and morphine differentially induce depressive-like behaviors associated with increased neuroinflammation, synaptic losses, and immune fatigue within the PFC.
Value Engineering Approach to Evaluate the Agricultural Drainage Water Management Strategies
Authors: Elnashar Walaa , Abd-Elhamid Hany F. , Zeleňáková Martina , Elyamany Ahmed
Published: February 2023

Excessive irrigating water that has not been adequately drained may cause more water to enter the crop root zone than is necessary. As a result, issues with increasing water table levels, waterlogging, and salinity get worse and cause crop productivity losses. Agricultural drainage water management strategies (ADWMS) can be used to protect the quality of groundwater, guarantee that crops have better moisture conditions, and provide irrigation water by reusing agricultural water drainage and using sub-irrigation practices. In order to decrease the effects of poor drainage, mitigate climate change, conserve the environment, and achieve food security, this study proposes a framework for choosing the most effective ADWMS in Egypt’s Nile Delta as well as the new lands. The value engineering approach is used to ensure the strategy’s functionality and to present some innovation in the process of developing alternative solutions that are financially evaluated using the life cycle cost technique. According to the study results, the most effective strategy (ADWMS-3) prioritizes improving drainage effectiveness, controlling groundwater table rise, and providing another irrigation water source while maintaining environmental protection. This strategy encompasses the use of a control drainage system, timing of fertilizer application, regulating groundwater table variation, and using sub-irrigation practices. ADWMS-3 achieves the highest values for the technical score of 8.06 and the value index of 18.59. This study advances the understanding of the topic by providing policymakers with a tool to (i) evaluate ADWMS and (ii) incorporate the added value and functionality into their policies regarding agricultural drainage water.
Rapid Filling Analysis with an Entrapped Air Pocket in Water Pipelines Using a 3D CFD Model
Authors: Paternina-Verona Duban A. , Coronado-Hernández Oscar E. , Espinoza-Román Hector G. , Fuertes-Miquel Vicente S. , Ramos Helena M.
Published: February 2023

A filling operation generates continuous changes over the shape of an air–water interface, which can be captured using a 3D CFD model. This research analyses the influence of different hydro-pneumatic tank pressures and air pocket sizes as initial conditions for studying rapid filling operations in a 7.6 m long PVC pipeline with an irregular profile, using the OpenFOAM software. The analysed scenarios were validated using experimental measurements, where the 3D CFD model was suitable for simulating them. In addition, a mesh sensitivity analysis was performed. Air pocket pressure patterns, water velocity oscillations, and the different shapes of the air–water interface were analysed.
About B-splines. Twenty answers to one question: What is the cubic B-spline for the knots -2,-1,0,1,2?
Authors: Quak Ewald
Published: February 2023

In this composition an attempt is made to answer one simple question only: What is the cubic B-spline for the knots -2,-1,0,1,2? The note will take you on a most interesting trip through various fields of Mathematics and finally convince you on how little we know.
Addressing Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing of Vietnamese Fishing Vessels in Foreign Waters
Authors:   Institute of Science and Fishing Technology, Nha Trang University, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa 57000, Viet Nam, PHUONG TO VAN , POMEROY ROBERT S.
Published: February 2023

Vietnamese illegal fishing in foreign waters is a prominent issue that has led to a yellow card warning from the European Commission (EC) on 23 October 2017. Although Vietnam has made considerable efforts to halt illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing and clear this yellow card, the results were insufficient to remove the yellow card as of the beginning of 2022. The present study analyses why addressing this issue has been so challenging. Specifically, the following questions are addressed: i) how do local fisheries authorities implement central regulation policies against IUU fishing and ii) what are the bottlenecks in legal enforcement for both fisheries agencies and fishers? The secondary data analysis and the findings from interviews with government officials and fishers are presented. The authorities have implemented various approaches to prevent illegal fishing in foreign waters. These include an improved policy framework, law enforcement, fishing vessel management and supervision with vessel monitoring system (VMS), and increased responsibilities attached to the local fisheries authorities. Despite the several measures taken, illegal fishing in foreign waters continues. There are several reasons for the failure to control illegal fishing, including exhausted local marine resources, too many fishing boats operating in the same areas, unclear responsibilities of stakeholders, and lack of coordination among implementing authorities. Several recommendations are suggested for addressing the problem of IUU fishing of Vietnamese vessels in foreign waters to meet the criteria set by the EC to remove the yellow card and ensure that the results are long-lasting and substantive.
Domain Wall Evolution in Hf
0.5
Zr
0.5
O
2
Ferroelectrics under Field-Cycling Behavior
Authors: Zhang Sirui , Zhang Qinghua , Meng Fanqi , Lin Ting , Zeng Binjian , Gu Lin , Liao Min , Zhou Yichun
Published: February 2023

HfO
2
-based ferroelectrics have evoked considerable interest owing to the complementary metal–oxide semiconductor compatibility and robust ferroelectricity down to a few unit cells. However, the unique wake-up effect of HfO
2
-based ferroelectric films severely restricts the improvement of their performance. In particular, the domain structure is an important characteristic of ferroelectric materials, which still has not been well understood in HfO
2
-based ferroelectrics. In this work, a Hf
0.5
Zr
0.5
O
2
ferroelectric thin film is grown on a typical Si substrate buffered with TiN electrode. The 90° domains of the
Pca
2
1
ferroelectric phase with head-to-tail and tail-to-tail structures can be observed by
C
s-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope under their pristine condition. After waking up, the 180° domain is displayed in the ferroelectric phase. The remarkable differences in domain walls for 90° and 180° domains are characterized by qualitatively mapping the polarization distributions at the atomic scale. The domain wall changes from the

[

1
0

1
¯

]

of the Hf
0.5
Zr
0.5
O
2
film to the [001] of the Hf
0.5
Zr
0.5
O
2
film. This result provides fundamental information for understanding the domain structure of HfO
2
-based ferroelectrics.
Feminist Theories in Vedanayaka Sastriyar's 'Sastira Kummi'
Authors: J Nelson , D Christumani
Published: February 2023

Vedanayaka Sastri, who was patronized by King Sarabhoji of Thanjavur is a Tamil Christian. He wrote many books in Tamil related to Christianity. Although many of his books were not published due to financial problems, some books were published for three times during his lifetime. One among those books is ‘Sastira Kummi’ which was very famous. In this book we can know about his thoughts about feminism. This book is in simple Tamil language and he has recorded many messages in it, condemning superstitious beliefs, harm caused by shaguna shastram, witchcraft beliefs, upholding women's rights and so on. He wrote more than eight hundred songs criticizing the customs and superstitions of that time. Some of those songs are discussed in this article
Pengaruh Penerapan Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) Dalam Manajemen Rantai Pasok Terhadap Kinerja Usaha Dagang Lambang
Authors: Lim Trillian
Published: February 2023

Manajemen rantai pasok melibatkan seluruh pihak yang terlibat baik secara langsung maupun secara tidak langsung dalam memenuhi permintaan konsumen atau pelanggan. Pihak yang terlibat tersebut tidak hanya terdiri dari pemasok ataupun produsennya saja tetapi juga distributor, warehouse, penjual maupun konsumen juga terlibat. Dalam persaingan bisnis, suatu perusahaan harus meningkatkan kinerja perusahaannya agar dapat bertahan dalam daya saing, salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan melakukan penerapan Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) dalam manajemen rantai pasok perusahaan guna mencapai kinerja yang kompetitif dan unggul. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif yang menjadikan U.D Lambang Inti Mandiri sebagai objek penerapan sistem informasi terintegrasi yaitu, ERP yang bertujuan meningkatkan efektifitas dan efisiensi bisnisnya.Kata Kunci: Manajemen Rantai Pasok, Enterprise Resources Planning, Kinerja Perusahaan
THROUGH CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH TRAINING AND SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE WRITING ASSISTANCE
Authors: Leton Igo Samuel
Published: February 2023

This Community Service aims to train teachers in conducting Classroom Action Research and assist them in writing scientific articles resulting from CAR. The implementation of this training and mentoring activity was carried out in a blended (online and offline) manner which was attended by 55 teachers with details: 11 Kindergarten teachers, 21 teachers at the elementary school level, 12 teachers at the junior high school level, and 11 teachers at the elementary school level. High School level. Based on the results of observations and discussions with partners, the Community Service Team carried out assistance activities in two stages, namely: 1) strengthening the concept of CAR and Scientific Work; and 2) assistance in writing CAR scientific papers. The output of this activity is an increase in the knowledge and skills of teachers in doing CAR. Based on the results of the evaluation carried out, the teachers felt very helpful with this training and mentoring activity. In addition to increasing teachers' knowledge of CAR concepts, this activity also improves the skills of teachers in designing and implementing CAR through useful activities, setting goals and benefits, making theoretical frameworks, selecting methods, compiling instruments, collecting and analyzing data, and writing articles
The need for palliative and hospice care in Ukraine in 2018–2020
Authors: Nesterenko V.G.
Published: February 2023

The provision of palliative and hospice care (PHC) is associated with significant material costs of the budgetary funding of countries, provided that these countries pay the necessary attention to these types of care. Ukraine strives for a model of increasing PHC coverage of those categories of patients recommended by WHO as best practices. This is especially important in the context of the growing number of patients in need of PHC both in Ukraine and around the world. The purpose of the study is to determine the need for the main types of PHC for the population of Ukraine in 2018–2020 according to the methodology proposed by the Ukrainian Center for Public Data. The methodology involves the use of data from national statistics centers (the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine), national cancer and tuberculosis registries (mainly on the number of deaths and those discharged from hospitals with the corresponding diagnosis), to which empirical coefficients from 0.2 to 0.9 are applied, determined by experts. As a result of the research, we determined the absolute values and trends regarding the need for the main PHC types for adults and children of Ukraine in 2018–2020. The need in absolute values among adults was 227,143; 212,199 and 190,179; among children – 61,355; 49,002 and 45,357; respectively. The greatest need for PHC among adults during this period was noted for malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular diseases, and among children – for congenital malformations, certain perinatal conditions, cerebral palsy, and malignant neoplasms. The overall need for PHC had a steady downward trend both among adults (by 16.27%) and among children (by 26.07%). The largest relative declines among adults during this period were recorded for rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and HIV/AIDS, and among children – for congenital malformations, inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system, and cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords: palliative and hospice care for children, palliative and hospice care for adults, PHC, state medical statistics.
Księstwo Bari i sumy neapolitańskie
Authors: Ryszard Skowron Ryszard Skowron
Published: February 2023

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie podstaw prawnych i przebiegu sporu prawnego między królami Polski a władcami Hiszpanii dotyczącego praw do neapolitańskiego dziedzictwa królowej Bony, na które składały się księstwa Bari i Rossano, majątek ruchomy oraz pożyczka udzielona przez Bonę królowi Hiszpanii w wysokości 430 tys. dukatów zabezpieczona na komorze celnej w Foggii (tzw. sumy neapolitańskie). Skomplikowany i trwający półtora wieku spór dynastyczny dokumentuje kilka tysięcy różnego typu źródeł rozsianych po archiwach całej Europy od Krakowa po Simancas i od Neapolu po Sztokholm. Część z nich, zwłaszcza z lat 1548–1572, została opublikowana w polskich i włoskich wydawnictwach źródłowych. Całość działań królów polskich w sprawie odzyskania spadku Bony nie doczekała się nowoczesnego opracowania, a jedynym pełnym opracowaniem jest popularnonaukowa książka Klemensa Kanteckiego wydana w 1881 r. Temat ten pojawiał się na marginesie w wielu pracach dotyczących Bony i Zygmunta Augusta, dziejów dyplomacji za ostatniego Jagiellona oraz w pracach dotyczących relacji polsko-hiszpańskich w XVI i XVII w. Punktem wyjścia analizy jest ustalenie sytuacji prawnej, w jakiej znajdowały się neapolitańskie posiadłości królowej w momencie podejmowania przez nią decyzji o wyjeździe z Polski. Na tym tle wskazano najważniejsze elementy gry dyplomatycznej, jaką Bona prowadziła z cesarzem Karolem V i królem Filipem II, oraz uwarunkowania jej powrotu do Bari. Śmierć królowej w listopadzie 1557 r. i jej testament, w którym księstwa Bari i Rossano zapisywała Filipowi II, a Zygmunt August dziedziczył jedynie dobra ruchome i sumy neapolitańskie, otworzyły nowy etap w dziejach sporu polsko-hiszpańskiego. Na potrzeby rokowań mających na celu odzyskanie całego spadku po matce Zygmunt August zbudował wyjątkowo rozległą i dobrze funkcjonującą sieć dyplomatyczną. Niepowodzenia w odzyskaniu Bari i Rossano spowodowały, że król zdecydował się na mediację cesarza w toczonym sporze z królem Hiszpanii. Arbitraż stwarzał dla Zygmunta Augusta nową sytuację prawną i modyfikował sposób i zakres działania. Wydaje się, że król nie do końca uświadamiał sobie, w jak skomplikowany labirynt prawno-administracyjny wprowadza sprawę spadku po matce i wkracza w świat odmiennych obyczajów i mentalności. Ostatecznie królowi udało się odzyskać jedynie część majątku ruchomego i zachować prawo do sum neapolitańskich, które wraz ze śmiercią Anny Jagiellonki przeszły na własność Rzeczypospolitej. W konsekwencji kolejni królowie elekcyjni aż do czasu wojny o sukcesję hiszpańską zabiegali w Madrycie i Neapolu o regularną wypłatę odsetek z sum neapolitańskich.
Beamspace-domain learning of minimum variance beamformer with fully convolutional network
Authors: Hiki Ryuichi , Mozumi Michiya , Omura Masaaki , Nagaoka Ryo , Hasegawa Hideyuki
Published: February 2023

In medical ultrasound systems, receiving beamforming is necessary to produce an ultrasonic image. Although minimum variance (MV) beamforming was developed to achieve higher image quality than commonly used delay-and-sum (DAS) beamforming, it is computationally expensive. Therefore, in this study, we investigated how to convert the beamforming profile of DAS to that of MV using deep learning. The results showed that a fully convolutional network could produce an image with comparable quality to that in MV beamforming in a shorter time than the conventional MV beamformer.
Doping study of two-well resonant-phonon terahertz quantum cascade lasers part I: doping profile dependence
Authors: Miyoshi Teppei , Wang Kai Xi (Cathy) , Lin Tsung-Tse
Published: February 2023

The influence of impurity doping on GaAs-based two-well resonant-phonon terahertz quantum cascade lasers is investigated theoretically, and efficient doping schemes are discussed. By using the rate equation model, the impacts of dopant amount, position, and distribution on the performance of a high-performance device is simulated focusing on a single module. The calculated optical gain is found to have a peak over the range of sheet doping density from 1.0 × 1010 to 1.0 × 1012 cm−2 in all eight doping conditions examined in this work. Among these patterns, the devices with the undoped condition and homogeneous-doping in phonon-wells mark high optical gain, and the latter is also resistant against the detuning of subband alignment due to band-bending under the high doping conditions. Furthermore, based on the simulation results, a modulation doping scheme whose active cores include both doped and undoped modules is suggested and discussed.
Fault Injection Method and Ground-truth Development to Enable a Low-cost Bearing Fault Monitoring System in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Jafarzadeh Ehsan , Li Dezhi , Rahimifard Sara , Sant Anna Paola , Cao Yu , Sadjadi Hossein
Published: February 2023

Bearing condition monitoring is a widely studied field, but applications to the automotive industry have received little attention as the bearing failure rates are typically low in traditional internal combustion engine vehicles with 200 – 300k mile lifespans. The rapid advancement of electric and autonomous vehicles enables vehicles with million-mile lifespans. This implies that the reliable life of existing bearing designs is exceeded throughout the vehicle life, which can potentially lead to vehicle failure. To enable the development of a bearing fault detection and prognostics system, healthy and faulty bearing data must be collected, and the ground-truth states of the health of bearings need to be determined for algorithm refinement and validation. This work explores the fault injecting options, and ground-truthing together with their limitations. Two methods based on precision machining and seeded spalling are developed and used to inject inner race faults in a ball bearing. A non-invasive ground-truthing method is proposed to quantify the state of health of the fault injected bearings in which bench test data is collected under various speed and load conditions. The vibration signals from the bench tests are used to calculate the root-square of the area under the acceleration Power Spectral Density curve (known as GRMS) for each speed and load condition. To remove the dependency of the results on load and speed conditions, a speed-load-GRMS plot is generated, and a plane is fitted to the data for each fault level. Next, the volume under the plot is calculated, yielding a single cumulative GRMS value for each fault level. This value is used as the ground-truth health of bearing for each fault level. For the bearing with the faults injected using precision machining fault injection, the obtained ground-truth values are 1.56, 3.68, and 4.36 times larger than the same figure for the healthy bearing for the faults with the widths of 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, and 2 mm, respectively. The observed correlation between the fault sizes and the calculated ground-truth values validates the proposed method which can provide a good separation among different health states of a bearing.
Purification and concentration of antigen for ELISA using epizootic isolates of Infectious laryngotrachitis virus isolated in Ukraine
Authors: Veretsun A. L. , Usova L. P.
Published: February 2023

Infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens is one of the most dangerous viral respiratory diseases of chickens, which causes significant economic losses to poultry farms. A key component in this disease control is timely rapid serological diagnosis. To date, the basic method of serological diagnosis and monitoring is enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The main components of ELISA test systems are purified and concentrated infectious laryngotracheitis virus antigens. Our research aimed to develop a technology for the production of purified and concentrated antigens of infectious laryngotracheitis virus, as well as to test the suitability of epizootic isolates for the production of antigens for ELISA. Based on the results of research, an improved scheme for obtaining purified infectious laryngotracheitis virus antigens using epizootic isolates has been developed. The scheme consists of accumulation of virus raw material, its inactivation, verification of inactivation completeness, concentration of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by PEG-6000 precipitation followed by ultracentrifugation at 14,000 rpm through a 30% sucrose pad. Samples of purified concentrated infectious laryngotracheitis virus antigens from isolates “В 59-11”, “Б 2-10”, “ЧП 96-10”, and “A 4-12” with protein content 1,520–3,720 μg/cm3 have been obtained. The ratio of protein concentration before and after purification ranged from 4.17 to 7.24. ELISA found that all these antigens were suitable for use as antigens. When testing for specificity, it was found that all antigens did not react with heterologous sera to other poultry viral diseases, but reacted only with homologous sera positive for infectious laryngotracheitis, which proves their specificity
Knowledge, Aptitudes and Practice on Traditional Medicinal Plant use in Bafanji Village (Ngoketunjia Division, North West Region, Cameroon)
Authors: PUNGONG Cyprian Sohpouh , LANGSI Dobgangha Jacob , FOTSO Bernard
Published: February 2023

Bafanji village harbors a plethora of plants used in the treatment of several ailments. Alarmingly, traditional knowledge is quickly declining due to inadequate documentation and limited cross-generational transfer of knowledge. In this study indigenous medicinal plans were documented for their use, management and the threats affecting them. The study was carried out in Bafanji village between August 2015 and March 2016. Semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and field trips were used for data collection. Sample specimens were collected and identified. This study revealed that 6.06% of the population relied solely on medicinal plants for their health care while 15.14% do not use medicinal plants directly and 78.8% rely on both modern and traditional medicine for the treatment of their ailments. 92 plant species belonging to 51 families and 83 genera were documented. Family Asteraceae was the most represented (14.1%). More than one plant species is used to treat various ailments with the highest number of species (19) for malaria. Among the medicinal plant species recorded from the study area, the majority (55.4%) which were mainly herbs (70.7%) were collected from the wild. The leaves were the most commonly used plant part (44.5%). The principal method of remedy preparation was reported to be decoction. Oral administration was the most preferred mode. Knowledge of the use of plants as medicines was found to be confined to traditional healers and older folk. Documenting the eroding indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants and spurring youths to acquire traditional medicinal knowledge is recommended.
Mehrsprachigkeit
Authors: Busch Brigitta
Published: February 2023

Jeder Mensch ist mehrsprachig. Wir alle pendeln täglich zwischen verschiedenen Sprechweisen (Dialekt, geschriebene Sprache, Umgangssprache, Fachsprache…) und begegnen (in der Straßenbahn, in der Schule, in Medien, auf Reisen ...) einer Vielfalt von Sprachen.
Wer erforschen will, wie wir Sprachen erleben, Sprachen erwerben und mit Sprachen umgehen, findet in diesem Band aktuelle soziolinguistische Zugänge zur Mehrsprachigkeit aus Subjekt-, Diskurs und Raumperspektive. Vorgestellt werden auch Methoden der Mehrsprachigkeitsforschung wie sprachbiografisches Arbeiten oder die Exploration lokaler Sprachregime.
Neben Studierenden der Linguistik erhalten auch Personen in Ausbildung zu Lehr- und Sozialberufen wertvolle Hilfestellungen für ihre zukünftige Arbeit in einer multilingualen Gesellschaft.
Tunable hybrid plasmonic semiconductor laser based on loss perturbation
Authors: Saeidi Shayan , Berini Pierre
Published: February 2023

We propose a tunable plasmonic semiconductor laser that exploits loss perturbation as a tuning mechanism. A metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitive structure is added on top of an edge-emitting Fabry-Perot (FP) diode laser, such that a hybrid plasmonic TM mode that overlaps partly with the MOS capacitor and the semiconductor gain region is supported as the lasing mode. We also propose the use of a layer of conductive oxide, e.g., indium tin oxide (ITO), as the semiconductor of the MOS structure, because the epsilon near zero (ENZ) condition can be attained therein under accumulation, thereby producing a very large change in the effective index of the hybrid plasmonic TM mode. The change in the imaginary part of the effective index is used to tune the lasing wavelength - exploiting loss perturbation to achieve laser tuning is paradigm-shifting. The laser proposed operates at telecom wavelengths, requiring an electrical forward bias to pump the active layer, and a gate voltage to drive the MOS tuning capacitor. Simulations yield a tuning range of over 7 nm in the O-band for a 100 μm long FP laser cavity.
Study of Power and Trajectory Optimization in UAV Systems Regarding THz Band Communications with Different Fading Channels
Authors: Karabulut Muhammet Ali
Published: February 2023

Researchers are interested in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) because they have many uses in current 5G and future 6G networks and are safer than human-operated vehicles. Terahertz (THz)-band communications are a possible option in 6G for fast communication. THz wireless communication between UAVs is taken into consideration in this work. Different fading channels, which are significant influencing factors in THz communication channel modeling, are used to analyze the performance of UAV communications in THz networks. Consideration must be made to the structure, wireless channel parameters, and transmission characteristics when evaluating the performance of wireless technology. Nakagami-m, Rician, Weibull, and Rayleigh fading channels are all taken into consideration, along with log-normal fading. Moreover, an optimization algorithm for the THz channel is presented, which is meant to minimize transmission power by optimizing the trajectory of uplink and downlink transmissions between the UAV and users. The equations of the UAV locations and the transmission power optimization of each user are derived. Analytical formulations regarding capacity, outage probability, and bit error rate (BER) are generated when performance-influencing factors are taken into account. The analytical analysis is supported by the numerical results that are provided.