bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESEARCH ON COTTAGE INDUSTRY: A REVIEW
Authors: Vijayalaxmi K  , Dr. Shripathi Kalluraya
Published: January 2024

Small-scale industries, also known as cottage industries, are usually defined as home-based businesses with fewer workers, who may or may not be family members. In certain cases, such as when producing goods, these workers are traditional artisans and craftsmen who have inherited their craft from their ancestors. Dress fabrics like khadi, wool, muslin, leather, silk, cotton, etc., as well as numerous valuable items like jewellery, ornaments, statues, idols, gems, and stones, as well as edible items like spices, oils, honey, etc., are among the many goods they produce. These items are in high demand both in India and abroad.
AN OVERVIEW OF WASTE MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES IN INDIA
Authors: Dr. S. Venkata Subba Reddy
Published: January 2024

The motto of this article is to have a look at the modern practices associated with diverse waste control projects in India. One manner to address the large quantity of waste in India is to introduce stricter regulations. With the speedy development of era and social life, not most effective the quantity however additionally the traits of waste have modified. Waste control problems are not completely regulated in India and the implementation of such regulations is insufficient. Now wishes a more systematic regulatory framework that combines the want to lessen and save you waste production. Although there are regulations and policies to alter diverse kinds of waste together with e-waste, plastic waste, agricultural waste, biomedical waste, and so on., the problem remains and mismanagement of stable waste continues to impact the fitness of the planet and those. The cause of this text is to perceive the guidelines and regulations governing waste management within the United States of America and to analyze the courts interventions up to now. The object analyzes current guidelines, recommendations and concepts to define the future route of motion in waste management thru felony intervention. This observes is based on secondary records together with studies on reviews, guides; coverage files, and so on. Have in-depth understanding of waste control regulations in India.
KEYWORDS: Waste Management, Regulations, India, Disposal, Legal Framework.
BioHackEU23 report: Enabling FAIR Digital Objects with RO-Crate, Signposting and Bioschemas
Authors: Soiland-Reyes Stian , Castro Leyla Jael , Ravinder Rohitha , Weiland Claus , Grieb Jonas , Rogers Alexander , Blanchi Christophe , Van de Sompel Herbert
Published: January 2024

As part of the BioHackathon Europe 2023, we here report from the progress of the hackathon project #15: "Enabling FAIR Digital Objects with RO-Crate, Signposting and Bioschemas". We added Signposting to three existing resources, and made a Chrome browser extension to show Signposting headers. We added RO-Crate to two existing resources, and explored making a hybrid FDO using both a Handle PID Record and Signposting/RO-Crate approach.
Artistic center of painters in Lviv of the Eighteenth Century: specifics of formation and functioning
Authors: Lysun Yaryna
Published: January 2024

Based on the analyzed scientific works of domestic and Polish researchers related to the subject of this research, employing general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of generalization and system-structural analysis, comparative-historical and problem-thematic approaches, as well as descriptive and historical-chronological methods, the issue of the development, formation, and functioning of the Lviv artistic center, specifically the milieu of Lviv painters in the 18th century, has been addressed. The foundation for the future art center was laid by the arrival of foreign masters, mainly from Italy, southern Germany, and Moravia, in Lviv in the 1930s and 1940s. Regarding the specifics of the formation and consolidation of the Lviv Artistic Center, this primarily occurred through the establishment of professional and familial friendships among artists. The strengthening of these bonds involved attending each other's religious and family celebrations, such as baptisms or weddings. Not only the artists themselves but also their wives, sisters, brothers, and adult children were invited to be witnesses. The establishment of these mutual contacts had a positive impact on safeguarding the personal interests of artists and their families. Concerning the functioning of the artistic environment, it was based on the collaboration among artists. The article addresses the question of the method of professional interaction among artists, the majority of whom, by the second half of the 18th century, were working in a "collaborative" manner, even though the activities of workshops were still ongoing at that time, exerting a significant influence on the artistic life of Lviv during that period. This situation contributed to the emergence of numerous confrontations and conflicts between guilds and independent artists. The article also sheds light on the issue of the social status and public activities of artists, which involved serving in government positions within the only governing body available to craftsmen and artists - the Collegium of Forty Men - where they carried out the duties of a warden or shopkeeper. Among such government officials, there is a significant number of painters who were engaged in the authorities of the suburbs or the city of Lviv. Additionally, based on the analysis of research conducted by domestic and Polish scholars, the article attempts to supplement and systematize the lists of Lviv artists who were active during that period, particularly painters, with previously unknown names. This provides us with a broader perspective on the issues related to the formation and functioning of the Lviv Art Center in the 18th century. The undertaken work offers a deeper understanding of the complex processes that unfolded in the cultural and artistic life of Lviv in the 18th century.
Exploring the balance between common and private spaces. A case study from Tirana
Authors: MARJANAKU Hera , Plyku DEMAJ Marsela , KUMARAKU Llazar
Published: January 2024

This article explores the relationship between private spaces (dwellings), common spaces and the presence of the human factor. In the consideration that the dwelling space as a phenomenon takes place in both the inside and its outside immediate urban setting, these levels of scale are often intertwined; they are inextricably linked in a complex entanglement of interests. Changes on one level have immediate implication for others. A search on urban design should consider all levels as intertwined in a constant search for improvement as a whole. The aim of this paper is to explore the changing relationships between the community and private and common spaces through the history of urban transformation in one of the dense urban areas close to the Tirana centre. Tirana is a particular example displayed throughout its history and still continuing to display great and fast urban transformations in its territory. The case study area displays signs from the most distinct urban transformations of the city. Based on a space syntax assessment from the field and using a diagrammatic analysis-comparison methodology, the following points are explored: 1. relationship between the individual and the common space 2. relationship between the individual and the semi-private territory surrounding the dwelling (courtyard / garden) 3. relationship between the individual and the private space (dwelling) Conclusions obtained from this analysis of the existing situation will be compared in a formal way with the same relationships in a previous historic period, showing the level of transformation and changing levels of relationships between private and common spaces.
Concept of heritage Materialization and Modernity
Authors: MECO Kristiana
Published: January 2024

This research aims to investigate the inclusion of approaches and ideas of heritage materializa- tion and modernity through analysis and case studies of both the period of modernity and the preservation of cultural heritage. The relationship we find between the materialization of cultural heritage and modernity is a dynamic interaction between the preservation of cultural heritage and the rapid transformations that occur with modern architecture. Materialization is both physical for cultural identification and historical heritage that is related to concrete places and traditions of a certain space or a physical place. The preservation of objects of important cultural value, such as old buildings, monuments, are part of the process of materializing the value of heritage. The methodology used shows how the modern method tries to protect the materialization of the heritage from the influences of the modern period such as urban expansions, mass productions by making an adaptation of the traditional methods to the contemporary ones. The methodology will be developed by comparing the materialization and modernity without affecting its history, but preserving it. The aim of this study helps us to understand how modern conservation navigates practical chal- lenges, in innovative technologies, strongly preserving materialized heritage in the face of new modern forces. By promoting a dialogue that maintains the balance between the materialization of heritage and modernity, in this way a sense of continuity with the past is preserved in the com- plexity between the present and the future. The initial hypothesis is related to the research question: What is the connection between modern conservation and modernity? Heritage has an important role in determining not only the physical identity of objects, but also the individual and collective identity of people. It connects us with the past, influences the present and informs the future. The results are expected to show how heritage is a factor that is preserved, passed on to future generations, materialized and guarantees important values in our society. In general, the materi- alization of cultural heritage is fundamental in the transmission and preservation of data. Every object and building must be preserved physically and also from a historical point of view, since they have a certain value.
CONSTRUCTIVE ELEMENTS OF PLANNED CAPITALS; “TIRANA SPINE” AND “ANKARA ATATURK BOULEVARD”
Authors:   TED University, Turkey, Kamil Ülkenli Zeki , Gürsel Attila ,   M.C.P., Turkey
Published: January 2024

The subject of this study is the “plan of Tirana”, the capital of Albania since 1920, in particular the “main boulevard” in the city center, and the “Atatürk Boulevard” in the “planning story of Ankara”, which was declared the capital in 1922, even before the end of the war of independence. Both capitals are intended to prove the beliefs and endeavors of these new countries to their citizens and to the modern world. The new Albanian government needed urgent government buildings such as ministries, the pal- ace, and a strong form which would monumentally connect all these facilities; therefore, the main boulevard, which functions as the “spine” of Tirana’s central business district, was designed as an idea by Italian architects in 1925. This “spine” circulation system was mainly inspired by the urban movements of the time, such as the linear city and as in the planning of Ankara; the beautiful city movement. Ankara, too, had to demonstrate the strength and credibility of the young Turkish Republic, first to its own citizens and then to the entire western world. Therefore, with the choice of the new cap- ital, ties with the Ottoman Empire were severed and Hermann Jansen, a world-renowned planner, was commissioned to prepare a plan for Ankara. In this plan, it was necessary for the positioning of new government buildings, mainly around the designed boulevard, like Tirana. Tirana and Ankara are studied in the light of the historical development of capital city functions and the main titles of their planning stories: the spine and Atatürk Boulevard.
The peripheral areas, a new classification for Tirana
Authors: MEÇOLLARI Ema
Published: January 2024

The peripheral areas of Tirana have witnessed a significant development in recent years, reflecting the rapid urbanisation of the city and population growth. The expansion of the city, especially after the 1990s, combined with insufficient legislation to regulate territorial growth, has led to the emergence of informal settlements on the outskirts of Tirana. Consequently, a double city has been formed, with differences between the center and the periphery in terms of urban structures, types of development, resident population, etc. Despite this, it should be noted that the peripheral regions are closely connected to Tirana and are considered an important part of the city's urban structure. Since the suburbs are not separated from the core of the city, it is difficult to tell where they begin and end. Therefore the exact definition of a suburb still remains a question: what exactly constitutes a suburb and how does it differ from the city center in terms of characteristics? This study aims to redefine the concept of the periphery based on different theoretical frameworks and identify the peripheral areas of Tirana through a Geographic Information System (GIS) anal- ysis to determine their distinctive features. By explaining the concept of the periphery, this thesis presents a comprehensive and detailed un- derstanding of the periphery and related terms. Also, the thesis presents an innovative approach by developing an integrated matrix of indicators that will be integrated into the GIS system, serv- ing as a tool for similar studies in Albania. The objective of the study is to provide guidance to planning institutions and stakeholders, wheth- er public or private, to identify peripheral areas and implement appropriate policies and strategies for their sustainable development.
Unveiling the Post-Digital Paradigm Cultural Implications in a Post-Hu- man Design Ecology
Authors: PERNA Valerio
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the concept of intelligence has become a popular term that accompanies various actions, practices, processes, and products. This prominent presence in contemporary discussions stems from two significant factors. Firstly, there has been a fundamental shift in our understand- ing of intelligence. It is no longer seen solely as a quality exclusive to humans but rather as a collec- tion of emerging properties and conditions that can exist in both human and non-human entities. Secondly, intelligence is now viewed as a multi-layered relationship between a ‘brain’ (whether human or non-human), a body, and the environment(s) in which that body exists. Presently, intelligence encompasses all aspects of design, introducing a new form of design intel- ligence that differs greatly from the human-centered approaches of the past. Similarly, creativity is no longer solely attributed to the human brain. Its definition has expanded to include the op- erational value of novel abstractions and pattern associations generated through machine-driven thinking processes. Architects are now exploring various “intelligent” tools such as different AI languages, generative adversarial networks and text-to-image tools to understand how non-human intelligence can be applied to address contemporary issues in cities and urban centers, and considering also the ex- pected benefits and the possible risks originating from their use. The paper aims to investigate the emergence of a post-digital sensibility in architecture and seeks to delve– through theoretical and practical apporaches - the notion of creativity and intelligence in a post-human design ecology while demystifying the so-called ‘risks’ associated with the utili- zation of Neural Network processes in design. Furthermore, it aims to assess the extent to which these processes can inform architectural design for today’s challenges.
Human Agency, Knowledge and Space in Bratislava Socio-spatial analysis of innovation in a capital city
Authors: VARIS HUSAR ila Ceren , HUSAR Milan , ONDREJICKA Vladimir
Published: January 2024

The effect of the time and space on people and the knowledge production is examined with various methods and approaches in different disciplines as economics, geography, development studies, planning and the like. From the socio-spatial perspective, regional development is related in one dimension of how the individual links to one’s environment, both individually and within a community. This research is a part of a wider research project, called REGINNO 1 delves into the regional innovation capacity in Slovakia, specifically explores the interrelation of human agency and local development from the socio-spatial perspective specific to capital city of Bratislava. Human agency refers to the individuals’ capacity and perspective to be involved in the creation of novel ideas and contribution to local knowledge. The socio-spatial perspective acknowledges the interplay between social structures and spatial arrangements, exploring the role of physical environments shape social relations and opportunities for the aforementioned individuals. Human capital capacity fosters a favourable setting for innovation by enabling the sharing of knowledge and resources, and facilitating the formation of networks and partnerships. Based on the findings of this research, there are a number of recommendations of this research for policymakers, and practitioners to foster environments, spaces and planning strategies that empower individuals, promote inclusion, and address socio-spatial diversities in local context.
Examining the User of VR Technologies to Improve Architectural Visualization and Immersive Design. Experiences Virtual Reality for Architectural Visualization
Authors: VLLAMASI Andia , ASIMI Anxhela
Published: January 2024

When we think about architectural design what comes to mind is the final result, this being the visualisation ofthe proposed structure, which enables architects to successfully present their con- cepts to customers, stakeholders, and the general public. Advancements in technology systemat- ically keep transforming the way architects present their work, from traditional methods such as drawings, renderings and physical models to digital representation. Although these techniques offer useful presentation, they frequently fail to capture the real spatial experience and sense of immersion that buildings offer. Today, Virtual reality (VR) technologies offer an either further ad- vancement, and are effective tools for improving architecture visualization and offering immersive design experiences. This paper will look into the potential of VR for architectural visualization as well as its effects on how architects communicate and make decisions. By building immersive, engaging, and realistic virtual worlds that closely mimic the sensation of being inside a built location, virtual reality presents a potential to reduce this gap. The study evaluates the effect of VR on architectural vision from various angles. What are the benefits of VR? Does virtual reality truly capture an authentic spatial experience? This prompts the need to assess how VR can enhance design communication. This involves facilitating interaction and immediate input among stakeholders like architects, clients, and others. Additionally, it requires contemplat- ing how VR can facilitate collaborative design procedures. One way it achieves this is by aiding architects in appraising design alternatives and experimenting with light conditions. However, while presenting opportunities, the pragmatic application of VR includes many obsta- cles to its acceptance. These considerations encompass factors such as accessibility and the ne- cessity for specialized knowledge and tools. The study also outlines fundamental principles and optimal approaches to effectively integrate VR into architectural visualization workflows. This is realized by conducting a thorough examination of existing literature and case studies. The investi- gation delves into various VR techniques and their real-time interactivity, along with their impacts on architectural design and communication. In addition, the human elements that influence VR experiences will be taken into account such as user comfort, presence, and the risk for cognitive overload. The results of this study demonstrate how virtual reality can revolutionize architectural visualization. Suggestions for architects, designers, and stakeholders include how to use virtual reality (VR) to improve decision-making, increase design communication, and provide more cap- tivating and immersive architectural experiences.
Evaluating Ecosystem Services Through Cross-cutting Methods Case Study: Kune-Vain Lagoon, Assessment of Carbon Storage and Sequestration Ecosystem Service
Authors: MUKA Rea
Published: January 2024

The wetland ecosystems are home to multiple species of flora and fauna and provide a myriad of ecosystem services from which people directly and indirectly benefit. By nature, ecosystem services are intrinsic characteristics of such areas and only recently their values have been rec- ognized as beneficial, for local communities in particular. Despite such benefits, those areas are often threatened by new development and land-use practices, favouring quick economic growth, especially true in developing countries like Albania. Yet another threat to such ecosystems is climate change, further underlining the imminent need to protect them. Such a task is difficult to perform when the awareness level of the community for these topics is low and the scarcity of data is evident. This paper explores how to tackle those two challenges, low community awareness and data scar- city, by intertwining different methods with the specific aim of evaluating ecosystem services. To better illustrate the process of data generating and the methods used, this paper will focus only on one ecosystem service, which is carbon storage and sequestration. Through it, we will analyse the different methods available for generating such data and ultimately give a specific value to this ecosystem service, to make it comparable with other economic activities. The methods that will be analysed vary from the use of available open data sources to field measurements. This research was conducted in the frame of the WBC-RRI.net Horizon 2020 Project.
Unraveling Tourists’ Experience of a Cremation Site: A Text Mining Approach
Authors: Porya Abhisek , Vajpai Gopi Nath , Chowdhary Nimit
Published: January 2024

This article investigates the experiences of tourists visiting a cremation site, an unconventional tourist destination. By analyzing online reviews collected from TripAdvisor, using text mining and natural language processing (NLP) techniques, the study aims to fill the gaps in the
literature on tourists’ experiences at cremation sites. The study explores the differences in the experiences of Indian domestic tourists and those from other cultural backgrounds. This study applies the views of Urry’s gaze theory and Stone’s dark tourism classification
theory to discuss the tourists’ experiences. The results reveal significant differences in the experiences of Indian and international tourists. The emotion of foreign tourists lies with the existential and philosophical dimension, and Indian tourists are more connected with religious
and mythological dimensions. The results validate Urry’s gaze theory and disagree with Stone’s dark tourism classification. This research contributes to the existing knowledge of dark tourism by providing valuable insights into tourists’ experiences at unconventional sites.
Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of location managers understanding the significance of tourists’ experiences at sites to create enjoyable tours for domestic and international visitors. The article will benefit casual vacationers, academics, and scholars specializing
in dark tourism, travelers’ narratives, online reviews, NLP, and trip organizers.
Peran Audit Syariah dalam Meningkatkan Akuntabilitas pada Organisasi Pengelola Zakat
Authors: Umiyati Umiyati , Muhibudin Muhibudin , Habibullah Habibullah , Rini Rini
Published: January 2024

Audit syariah menjadi salah satu cara untuk menjaga dan memastikan integritas lembaga keuangan pengelola zakat dalam menjalankan prinsip syariah. Audit syariah dapat memberikan assurance kepada stakeholder serta sangat dibutuhkan untuk merespon perkembangan industri keuangan syariah.. Tujuan Penelitain ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peran audit syariah dalam meningkatkan akuntabilitas pada Organisasi Pengelola Zakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Agama (PMA) Nomor 606 tahun 2020, Audit syariah harus dilakukan secara komprehensif, akurat, transparan dan akuntabel, oleh sebab itu perlu adanya pedoman Audit Syariah atas laporan Pelaksanaan Pengelolaan zakat, Infak, Sedekah dan dan Soaial keagamaan lainnya. Secara garis besar, terdapat banyak kelemahan dari sisi tata kelola, dual control, transparansi & administrasi dalam pengelolaan Organisasi Pengelola Zakat, sehingga optimalisasi pelaksanaan audit syariah oleh Kementerian Agama dapat diperluas cakupan untuk  Organisasi Pengelola Zakata  yang di audit agar dapat meningkatkan akuntabilitas Organisasi Pengelola Zakat.

Kata Kunci : Audit Syariah, Akuntabilitas, Organisasi Pengelola Zakat
Peran Masjid dalam Penyebaran Toleransi
Authors: Maulana Fikri , Rohman Baeti , Abidin Riam Zaenal , Juraidi Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Islam is a religion that does not close itself to diversity, Islamic teachings make tolerance an attitude in dealing with differences, this attitude is reflected in Islamic principles which believe that religion is not something that can be forced and then confirmed through the sacred doctrine that there is no compulsion in religion. The mosque has its own privileges in the Islamic world, the function of the mosque cannot be reduced only as a place of worship, more than that the mosque plays an important role in the spread of Islam through da'wah. Islam encourages da'wah to be carried out gently by withholding messages of peace and tolerance. This study aims to understand the contribution of mosques in spreading tolerance by using a literature review methodology. The results of the study show that mosques have an important role in spreading tolerance, the spread of tolerance through mosques is realized because mosques function as da'wah centers in the Islamic world. The preaching of tolerance is packaged in two forms, namely preaching tolerance verbally and preaching tolerance in action. In the long run, the message of tolerance that is often conveyed through mosques is expected to be able to maintain the harmony of life among religious communities and the nation which consists of various religious and ethnic backgrounds.
NUTRITION COUNSELING AND NUGGET PROCESSING TO PREVENT STUNTING IN TEWANG KARANGAN VILLAGE, KATINGAN
Authors: Lilis Rosmainar  , Nurhaliza
Published: January 2024

Stunting is a condition of chronic malnutrition in children which can impact children's motor and verbal development as well as affect their cognitive development and productivity in adulthood. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia in 2021 was 24.4%, while the prevalence rate of stunting in Central Kalimantan in 2021 was 27.4% and decreased in 2022 to 26.9%. There has been a decrease in the stunting prevalence rate of around 0.5%, but this reduction still needs to be improved so that there is an acceleration in the reduction in the stunting rate. The aim of carrying out this activity is to provide education regarding the dangers of stunting in children and efforts to prevent stunting through training in developing potentially nutritious food innovations to prevent stunting, so that it can accelerate the reduction in stunting rates and become a solution for local communities in improving their standard of living. The method used in this activity is a lecture using slide media and practice in making nutritious food for toddlers. The results of the outreach show that the community understands the dangers of stunting on children's growth and development and the community is able to innovate nutritious food for toddlers.
Editorial Note, Issue 2, Vol 17 – 2023
Authors: Lemnitzer Anne
Published: January 2024

We are excited to present a new series of papers, highlighting the contributions and practice-oriented research studies our deep foundation engineering community produces. All papers in this issue provide either lessons-learned from experimental studies, develop new methodologies for pile design, or provide consensus established in the DFI community with valuable guidance for deep foundations contractors or design engineers.
تحليل اتجاهات التجارة الخارجية الليبية في السنوات الأخيرة
Authors: استامبولیس انتونی
Published: January 2024

أن ليبيا قد قفزت خلال السنين القليلة الماضية بتطورات اقتصادية مدهشة بسبب اثر النمو الكبير في صناعة البترول . وتعكس احصاءات التجارة الخارجية في هذه السنوات ذلك التطور بشكل واضح . وتمثل الجداول الخمس التالية واردات و صادرات ليبيا مقسمة حسب السلع وحسب الدول بينما يحاول الجدول السادس اظهار اجمالي الاستيراد واجمالی التصدير وتوضيح التطورات في الميزان التجاري للبلاد
بعض نواحي الانتاج الزراعي في ليبيا
Authors: الدناصوری د.جمال الدين
Published: January 2024

تعد ليبيا بلدا زراعيا سواء لارتفاع نسبة من يعتمد من سكانه على الزراعة، اذ قدر عدد هؤلاء سنة ۱۹۹۰ با ۷۱۷ر 854 نسمة أو ۷۱/۲% من جملة السكان ، أو من يعمل في الزراعة و يقدرون بنحو 56 ممن بلغ عمرهم 15 سنة أو يزيد، أو لأن اكثر الصادرات - قبل تضخم صادرات البترول التي أصبحت تمثل ار۹۹/ من جملة قيمة الصادرات - تتألف من محاصيل زراعية . ولكن البترول كصناعة استخراجية يساعد في مجال الزراعة على توفير الأموال التي تنفق على مشروعات التنمية الزراعية ، وعلى خلق سوق دائمة تستطيع أن تستوعب قدرا متزايدا من الأغذية والخامات الزراعية باسعار مجزية .
Optimized Electrical Machine Operation Scheduling using Classification Learning
Authors: Dhyani Saurabh , Kumar Sumit , Shelke Maya P. , Gonge Sudhanshu S. , Sri P. S. G. Aruna
Published: January 2024

Scheduling electrical machines based on consumer demands improves the efficiency of the purpose through flawless allocations. However, due to peak utilization and maximum run-time of the machines, the chances of schedule mismatch and overlapping are common in large production scales. In this paper, an Operation Scheduling process (OSP) using Classification Learning (CL) is proposed. The proposed process classifies operation schedules based on overlapping and mismatching intervals post-output completion. The classification is performed using interval stoppage and re-scheduling performed between successive completion intervals. This is required to improve the output success rate for simultaneous machine operations. Therefore the scheduling is improved regardless of distinct tasks allocated with better outcomes.
Estimation of the possibility of recovering residual reserves under the influence of polymer solutions at the final stage of oil field development
Authors:   “Oil-Gas Scientific Research and Design” Institute of Azerbaijan Republic, Feyzullaev Kh.A. , Khalilov M.S. ,   Baku State University, Damirov A.A. ,   Lankaran State University
Published: January 2024

A two-phase four-component calculation model of filtration, which allows to estimate the possibility of extracting residual reserves when exposed to polymer solutions at the final stage of oil field development is suggested. On its basis, by reducing the degree of mineralization of the water entering the polymer solution to the degree of mineralization of formation water, by directing its flow to the parts of the collector that are well wetted by water, due to the closure of these parts, the possibility of ensuring the complete displacement of oil reserves and intensification of production was defined.
Synthesis and properties of Gemini surfactant based on dodecyldiethylolammonium, dodecyltriethylolammonum bromide and potassium oxalate
Authors:   Institute for Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic, Rustamova I.V. , Rahimov R.A. ,   Baku Engineering University
Published: January 2024

The article focuses on the synthesis of Gemini cationic surfactants using dodecyldiethylolammonium bromide (DDDEAB), dodecyltriethylolammonium bromide (DDTEAB) and 2:1 mol potassium oxalate (PO). The structure of the obtained substances was determined using IR-spectroscopy. The study examines the surface tension and electrical conductivity of the new surfactants in aqueous solutions with different concentrations. The parameters such as critical micelle concentration, degree of counterion binding, effectiveness of surface tension reduction, surface excess concentration, surface area polar group per molecule at the air-water interface, Gibbs free energy values of adsorption and micellar formation processes were calculated. The article investigates the petroleum collecting and dispersing properties as well. Collecting and dispersing ability of the surfactants on a petroleum sample from Pirallahi field under laboratory conditions were observed.
Estimation of reliability of the sealing unit of three-plunger oil-field pumps using diffusıon non-monotone distribution
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Huseynova V.Sh.
Published: January 2024

It is known that high pressure oilfield pumps used in the workover of oil and gas wells perform various technological operations, including cementing, hydraulic fracturing, acidizing, washing sand plugs and other flushing squeezing actions. Parts of the hydraulic part of the pumps are subjected to abrasive, corrosion-mechanical and corrosion-abrasive wear, which often leads to sudden failures, fraught with emergency situations, additional costs and loss of time for unscheduled repairs. Wear of plungers and valves, failure of sealing collars and other failures make such critical and expensive equipment short-lived and unreliable. Every year, the costs of implementing measures to prevent premature wear and improve the bearing capacity of sealing elements are growing. At the present stage of the development of oil engineering, the improvement of the designs of sealing elements capable of providing effective sealing of systems with high pressure of the working medium is a priority. The process of wear of the sealing units three plunger oilfield pump is considered as a continuous Markov process with no monotone implementations of failure, which corresponds to a no monotonic diffusion (DN) distribution. From the values of the reliability function, a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the four schemes seal assemblies and selected the best of them.
High molecular compounds of deep-water Guneshli oil
Authors:   Institute of Petrochemical Processes named after Y.H. Mammadaliyev ANAS, Huseynova B.A. , Aliyev B.M. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes named after Y.H. Mammadaliyev ANAS, Gafarova N.F. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes named after Y.H. Mammadaliyev ANAS
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the results of the study of the component composition of the vacuum residue of oil from the deep-water Guneshli field, which is produced in the Caspian sector from a depth of 3000–4000 m. The oil is light, low-sulfur, paraffinic (3.7 % solid paraffins), contains a small amount of heteroatoms, without asphaltenes. The vacuum residue (>450 oC) was separated into naphthene-paraffin, aromatic and resin components with the method of column liquid eluent-adsorption chromatography. The structural group composition of individual groups was studied using IR and PMR spectroscopy. As a result, it was found that even concentrates of aromatic hydrocarbons and resins isolated from the residue (>450 oC) are enriched with naphthenic structures, the most valuable compounds that are part of oils and fuels, providing them with high performance properties.
Intensification of the petrochemical field in the context of the moderhization of the country’s oil refineries
Authors:   Institute for Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic, Eldarova S.H. , Javadova M.N. ,   Institute for Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic, Khudiyeva I.A. ,   Institute for Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic, Urban O.B. ,   Institute for Petrochemical Processes of Azerbaijan Republic
Published: January 2024

Recently, work has been carried out on the reconstruction of the technical base of the oil refining industry of our country (refinery named after H. Aliyev). These works are accompanied by the modernization of existing production facilities (catalytic cracking, AVT, etc.) and the creation of new processes (including MTBE, isomerization, etc.). The operation of new processes, operating mainly on the basis of liquefied gas, affects the quantitative and qualitative indicators of raw materials sent to the petrochemical industry. On the other hand, the observed increase in demand for petrochemical products in our country and the expansion of raw material reserves entail the development of the petrochemical industry and the construction of new units in the SNCC. The expansion of production volumes of large-tonnage processes, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, etc., creates the basis both for meeting the needs of the country and for increasing the export potential. Thus, this article presents the results of studies conducted to determine the impact of reconstruction work in the oil refining industry on the production of petrochemicals.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of increasing EOR factor
Authors:   ASOIU, Suleymanov Q.S. , Quliev C.K. ,   SOCAR Turkey Enerji A.S.
Published: January 2024

In the paper, on the basis of international studies, the theoretical and methodological aspects of increasing EOR (enhanced oil recovery) factor are discussed. For that purpose, the paper substantiates the role of oil production in the macroeconomic development of the country and the integration of international relations. Therefore, the relationship between the EOR and uplift is substantiated. The development of new methods is considered as actual for EOR. That’s why, the paper discusses the existing world methods in the direction of EOR. At the end of the paper, a classification is made of more advanced innovative methods that can be used for EOR in our country, and a new modification of these methods is suggested.
Diagnostics of multiphase flow zones during transportation of liquid gases
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Ismayilov G.G. , Jahangirova Kh.T. ,   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry
Published: January 2024

Pipeline transport, which is one of the ways to transport liquid gases, unlike oil pipelines, has specific features. First of all, it is necessary to ensure the transition of the liquid phase into steam in the pipeline, otherwise the pressure loss in the pipeline will increase significantly, and safety issues become more relevant. To do this, it is necessary to determine whether there are “dangerous” points on the pipeline route, and the pressure along the length of the pipeline must be greater than the saturated vapor pressure. In many cases, depending on the relief, changes in the operating mode and properties of the transported liquid gases, as a result of the evaporation that occurs during transportation, zones of multiphase flow are formed in the pipeline. The questions of the existence of such zones and the determination of their coordinates are very topical. In the article, a graphic-analytical method for diagnosing multiphase flow zones and determining their coordinates during the transportation of liquid gases based on the pressure balance has been developed.
The specification of hydraulic units of flow – the key direction for the classification of terrigenous reservoirs (in the context of South-West Kamyshitov field)
Authors:   “KMG Engineering” LLP, Atyrau, Kazakhstan, Abuev R.B.
Published: January 2024

The paper considers a classification method of terrigenous reservoirs based on Hydraulic Units definition, introduced by Ameafule et al. in 1993. The typical groups of reservoirs of Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments with the similar properties of the pore volume were identified based on the results of the standard laboratory studies of the core material. The integration of core and geophysical data were carried out in the process of interpretation of the logging data. The defined classification of the rocks allowed conducting the specific prediction of the permeability by whole penetrated section of South-West Kamyshitov field.
“Green” hydrogen technology for a safe future
Authors:   Institute for Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Majidzade V.A. , Aliyev A.Sh. ,   Institute for Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Tagiyev D.B. ,   Institute for Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry
Published: January 2024

The presented work is focused on the study and search for solving problems in the technology production of “green” hydrogen using solar energy. The analysis of the publications showed that the most promising method for the synthesis of “green” hydrogen is the photoelectrochemical splitting of water, i.e. the electrolysis process using solar energy. This method will also significantly speed up the solution of environmental problems as it is a carbon-free technology. The paper presents the search, synthesis and comparative analysis of electroactive catalysts that meet the current requirements for the process of the water electrolysis under the action of solar energy.
Industry characteristics of property tax calculation in oil and gas sphere and impact on enterprise competitiveness (in the order of discussion)
Authors:   SOCAR, Ganbarov A.O.
Published: January 2024

As it is known, according to the tax legislation, the property tax is calculated from the average annual residual value of fixed assets of the enterprises. However, since in enterprises, particularly in the oil and gas industry, in addition to commercial activity, non-commercial activity is also the property of the enterprise in related areas, the property tax calculated for those properties plays a role in the financial and economic activity of the enterprise as well. At the same time, the calculation of property tax on depreciable and non-depreciable assets (property) (if those assets are classified as fixed assets and are shown as fixed assets in the balance sheet of the enterprise and in Appendix No. 1 of the profit tax declaration) is also related to the loopholes in the tax legislation, leads to the additional problems. On the other hand, the property tax calculated for the preserved oil wells in the oil and gas industry, as well as the unused (discontinued) processing facilities in the oil refineries and, conversely, the property tax calculated for the new facilities and equipment purchased or installed as a result of the modernization, technological innovations, as it is important how the property tax calculated for the property used in other non-oil product producing and service enterprises of the oil industry affects the competitiveness of the enterprise, the paper reviews the role of calculated or to be calculated property tax in the current and future financial-industrial activity, and the directions of its impact as well.
Strong interrelation of Ecology with Geology and Geophysics
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Feyziyeva F.P.
Published: January 2024

As is known, the term “Geoecology” is vague, and its interpretations are quite diverse and depend on the research approach and argument. First of all, there are fields of geoecology and geoecology, depending on the geographical or geological approach. To be fair, the fields of geoecology and geoecology are the same because the prefix “geo” is the same in the Russian Federation, and this sign once again increases the ambiguity of the term “Geoecology”, and makes it incomprehensible. The presented article is devoted to a comparative analysis of this misunderstanding. The author assumes that ecologists will be interested in this analysis.
Volunteerism in Contemporary Russian Society (Socio-Philosophical Analysis)
Authors:   Cherepovets State University, Aula Ekaterina R.
Published: January 2024

Volunteerism is now growing in popularity and importance among various population groups and is supported at many levels of government. The increase in the number of volunteer practices as a type of social activity indicates a promising development of civil society. In this article, the author reflects on the socio-philosophical significance of modern volunteerism in today’s Russia. The paper analyses various interpretations of volunteering and outlines structural approaches to understanding this phenomenon in social and humanitarian knowledge. The meaning of volunteerism in terms of philosophical anthropology and pedagogy is discussed. The multidimensional nature of volunteering is considered here from the point of view of developing the pedagogical, personal, humanistic and patriotic potential of society. It is pointed out that in Russia volunteerism is generally perceived as a form of charity and social engagement, being mostly based on traditional values such as altruism, mercy, sympathy, kindness and morality. The key areas of modern volunteering include organized and unorganized forms of activity with its numerous sectoral and age-specific varieties, having their characteristic features. The article concludes that volunteerism can provide an impetus for developing civil society and uniting the people. In addition, the author outlines the distinctive historical characteristics of Russian volunteerism, the most important originating in the traditional understanding of virtue in national Orthodox culture and in the collectiveness of many life practices as well as in self-sacrifice, compassion and humanity.
Text Entropy as Dispersion of Meaning
Authors:   Orenburg Theological Seminary, Il’ina Larisa E. , Pavlovskaya Ol’ga E. ,   I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agricultural University
Published: January 2024

This article analyses the entropy of the language system in general and text entropy in particular. Based on the study of entropy in linguistics, the authors aim to substantiate the concept of text entropy and describe the process of chronotopic translation. Works viewing entropy as a measure of randomness, as a degree of disorder and as a measure of uncertainty were considered; an understanding of text entropy as a degree of dispersion of meaning is suggested. The scientific significance of the paper lies in turning to Jacques Derrida’s works and substantiating that chronotopic translation is a transition from the source language to the target language with an inevitable loss of the communicative-situational meaning of the source text. Language entropy determines a language’s ability to express the thoughts of native speakers, while speech entropy enables a person to achieve the cognitive goals of an utterance and can involve intentional and unintentional deviations from the norm. The authors believe that, today, a translation should not be evaluated from the point of view of adequacy and equivalence due to the relativity of these concepts. Based on the research of leading scientists and using text interpretability, the authors introduce the concept of chronotopic translation as a possible way to overcome the dispersion of meaning as well as analyse the conditions resulting in the loss of meaning when translating temporal and spatial layers of the source texts. The paper concludes that when doing chronotopic translation, it is necessary to take into account the general context, the main tiers and grammatical features of the language and speech of the source and target texts, the traditions of written and oral speech and the entropy of the target text, which, in its turn, is a result of inevitable semantic, stylistic or cultural losses in the target text caused by chronotopic translation.