bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Practice Nurses in Primary Care in Switzerland: An Analysis of Interprofessional Collaboration
Authors: Josi Renata , Bianchi Monica , Brandt Sophie
Published: January 2020

Background: The increase in the number of chronically ill patients due to ageing is calling existing models of primary care (PC) into question. New care models have recently been implemented in Swiss PC and involve interprofessional teams. This paper aimed to investigate the practice of interprofessional collaboration between advanced practice nurses, registered nurses, and medical practice assistants within new models of PC in Switzerland using the National Interprofessional Competency Framework.
Methods: An ethnographic design comprising semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations was conducted. Sixteen interviews were conducted with care providers at their PC practice. Interviewees included four advanced practice nurses, two registered nurses, six medical practice assistants, and four general practitioners. Nine other health professionals were subsequently observed in their practice. Interviews and observations were conducted by the first author from February to April 2019.
Results: Our analysis of interview and observational data confirmed that role clarification, team functioning, collaborative leadership, interprofessional conflict resolution, patient-centered care, and interprofessional communication have a significant influence on the interprofessional collaboration among health professionals in Swiss PC. Among these domains, role clarification and team functioning were the most frequently raised issues. Both were found to have the potential to negatively influence and, therefore, hinder efficient interprofessional collaboration within PC.
Conclusion: From the analysis, it emerged that role clarification is crucial for effective interprofessional collaboration within new care delivery models in the Swiss PC context. Our study results may inform international health policymakers and practitioners about six important domains of interprofessional care when implementing new care models. Practical experience with new models of care involving advanced practice nurses and medical practice assistants may also influence the regulation of the scope of practice of these health professionals in Switzerland.
Investigating Relationship Between Religious Commitment and Moral Sensitivity in Nurses Working in ICU
Authors: khalighi ebrahim , Solaimanizade Laleh , borji milad , tarjoman asma , soltani behrouz , zarei farzad
Published: January 2020

Objectives
this study aimed at determining the relationship between religious commitment and moral sensitivity among nurses working in the ICU sections in the west of Iran. The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study carried out on nurses working in ICU wards of two western cities in Iran. The instrument used includes a demographic questionnaire, religious commitment questionnaire and moral sensitivity questionnaire in nurses. First, the researchers referred to the ICU wards of the hospitals in the cities after receiving permission from the relevant authorities by referring to three shifts in the morning, evening and night shifts and holidays. The researchers, while explaining the research goals for the nurses participating in the study, obtained their informed consent to participate in this study.
Results :
According to the findings, mean (SD) of the overall score of religious commitment was equal to 36.38 (4.58) and mean (SD) of MS score of nurses was 59.21 (12.65). Also, 91 nurses (82.7%) had average MS, 7 (6.4%) had low MS and 12 (10.9%) had high MS.
Keywords: Religious Commitment, Moral Sensitivity, Nurse
The incidence of depression and anxiety in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Park Jamie YE , Howren Alyssa M , Zusman Enav Z , Esdaile John M , De Vera Mary A
Published: January 2020

Background: As awareness for the importance of mental health continues to expand in rheumatology, it is important to understand the epidemiology of psychiatric complications in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with the ultimate goal of future prevention and improved quality of care. This study aims to review evidence on the incidence and determinants of depression and/or anxiety among patients with AS. Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL Complete, and PsycINFO for full-length observational studies that involved a sample or population of patients with AS and assessed depression and/or anxiety. Primary outcomes extracted were: 1) risk estimates for depression and/or anxiety (e.g., relative risk [RR]); and 2) determinants or factors identified as independent predictors of depression and/or anxiety using multivariable regression approaches and corresponding estimates (e.g., odds ratios [OR]). Where relevant, we pooled estimates using random effects models. Results: Out of 783 titles from our search strategy, we reviewed 39 manuscripts. Four studies assessed the incidence of depression and meta-analyzing reported estimates from three of these studies yielded a pooled RR of 1.51 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.79). Differences in risk of depression among men and women with AS were inconclusive, suggesting need for further study. The incidence of anxiety was comparatively less studied with only one included study reporting a hazard ratio of 1.85 (95% CI 1.37 to 2.49). Education level was a key determinant, with lower levels associated with higher odds of depression (OR 6.65; 9% CI 1.36 to 32.51) and anxiety (OR 9.31; 9% CI 1.39 to 62.19) among AS patients. Conclusions: Our systematic review and meta-analysis shows an increased risk of depression and anxiety among patients with AS. These findings suggest the importance of monitoring and care for psychiatric conditions in AS.
Single-stage treatment of chronic localized tibial osteomyelitis with local debridement and antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate implantation: a retrospective study of 42 patients.
Authors: Zhou Chun-Hao , Ren Ying , Adem Abdulnassir , Meng Xiang-Qing , Zhang Hong-An , Fang Jia , Qin Cheng-He
Published: January 2020

Background: The management of chronic tibial osteomyelitis is still a challenge, even with various methods have been introduced. This study aims to assess a combined treatment method, local debridement combined with antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate implantation, for the management of the local (Cierny-Mader type III) tibial osteomyelitis. Methods: 42 patients (43 limbs) with type III tibial osteomyelitis, from January 2012 to December 2018, who received above mentioned treatment method were included in the study. The infection remission rate, recurrence rate, complication rate and bone healing rate were respectively analyzed. Results: With a mean follow-up of 42.8 months, 38 limbs (37 patients) (88.4%, 38/43) achieved infection remission without recurrence. Among those patients, pain, limitation of movement, sinus tracts, topical redness and swelling were generally eliminated. Only 4 patients felt slight pain after a long-distance walk, while another 6 patients showed slight but acceptable discomfort in affected limbs. 5 patients (11.6%) suffered from osteomyelitis recurrence that required secondary surgical and medical treatment, but no amputation was necessary to eliminate the infection. Prolonged postoperative drainage was the most frequent complication that was seen in 13 patients (30.0%). They were successfully managed by appropriate wound caring in 10 patients and by re-debridement, months later, in 3 patients. According to the final X-rays examination, bone losses caused by local debridement were generally repaired, though the shape of tibia was not well restored to its initial form. No fracture was recorded during follow-up. Conclusion: Local debridement combined with antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate implantation is effective and safe in a single-stage treatment of chronic Cierny-Mader III tibial osteomyelitis.
The effect of adding curcumin to sodium valproate in treatment of patients with bipolar disorder in the acute phase of mania: a clinical trial.
Authors: Akbarzadeh Farzad , Niksun Nabahat , Behdani Fatemeh , Mohammadpour Amir Hoshang , Jaafari Mahmoudreza , Ebrahimi Alireza , rajai Zahra , Hosseini Tayebeh
Published: January 2020

Background: Inflammatory processes in the brain play an important role in etiopathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders including, bipolar mood disorder (BMD) as a life-long episodic disease. An inefficient therapeutic intervention especially for resistant cases makes the necessity of doing more precise investigation to find out new therapeutic approaches apparent. This double-blind study aims to investigate the effect of Crucumin as anti-inflammatory herbal based drug in the treatment of BMD. Results: 78 patients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) criteria for BMD screening to participate in the trial. The participants included 32 patients in the placebo group receiving sodium valproate and crucumin and 38 patients in the control group receiving placebo and sodium valproate. At the beginning of the study and weeks 1, 2, 4 the patients were assessed by a psychiatrist using Young mania score (YMRS). Fifty four patients completed the trial. Mean age in patients group was 36.28±10.73 and in control group was 32.42 ±9.60.Clinical characteristics of the patients, such as age, did not differ between groups P value ≥0.05. Results showed the process of changes were significant different in both group. The results showed that the changes in the resultss of YMRS, MMSE and CGI scores were significant in each group (P value≤0.001), but no significant difference has been detected between the two groups (p≥0.05).Conclusions: this study suggested that crucumin cannot be an effective adjuvant agent in management of patients with BMD under treatment with sodium valproate.
Long-read sequencing of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’ transcriptome reveals flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation
Authors: Wang Tao , Yang Feng , Guo Qiaosheng , Zou Qingjun , Zhang Wenyan , Zuo Lin
Published: January 2020

Background: The inflorescence of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’ has been widely used in China due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The biosynthesis and regulation of flavonoids, a group of bioactive components, in C. morifolium are poorly understood. Transcriptome sequencing is an effective method for obtaining transcript information. Therefore, single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing was performed to obtain the full-length genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation in C. morifolium.Results: High-quality RNA was extracted from the inflorescence of C. morifolium at different developmental stages and used to construct two libraries (0-5 kb and 4.5-10 kb) for sequencing. Finally, 125,532 non-redundant isoforms with a mean length of 2,009 bp were obtained. Of these, 2,083 transcripts were annotated to pathways related to flavonoid biosynthesis, and 56 isoforms were annotated as CHS, CHI, F3H, F3’H, FNS Ⅱ, FLS, DFR and ANS genes. Based on gene expression levels at different stages, we predicted the major genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. By phylogenetic analysis, we found two candidate MYB transcription factors (CmMYBF1 and CmMYBF2) activating flavonol biosynthesis.Conclusions: Based on the full-length transcriptomic data and further quantitative analysis, the major genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation in C. morifolium were predicted in our study. The results provide a valuable theoretical basis for the introduction and cultivation of C. morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’.
Characteristics of Intralimb Kinetic Coordination in the Lower Limbs During Gait in Patients with Hemiparesis Due to Stroke
Authors: Sekiguchi Yusuke , Owaki Dai , Honda Keita , Izumi Shin-ichi
Published: January 2020

Background: The main objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship between the principal components (PCs) of the sagittal kinetic variables in the lower limb and the ground reaction forces (GRFs) during gait in patients with hemiparesis. Methods: We recruited 21 patients with hemiparesis and 12 healthy controls. The 3-dimensional (3-D) coordinates of 33 markers were measured with a 3-D motion analysis system operating at 120 Hz and force plates as the subjects walked along a 7-meter walkway. The correlation coefficients between the over-time series of PCs, which is calculated using principle component analysis (PCA), and GRFs were compared among the left side of the controls and the paretic side (PS) and non-PS of the patients by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The correlation coefficient of the non-PS between the first PC and GRF in the anteroposterior-direction was significantly higher than that on the PS (P < 0.05) and that of the non-PS in the vertical-direction was lower than the PS (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results indicated that intralimb kinetic coordination on the PS plays an essential role in weight support in patients with hemiparesis, whereas the kinetic coordination on the non-PS plays a role in generation of propulsion.
The mechanisms of protease-activated receptor 2 in mediating pain behaviors through nonselective cation channel signaling
Authors: Yue Yaping , Wang Na , Lau Yanming , Fu Yiran , Li Hao , Li Zhenzhong , Liu Zhen
Published: January 2020

Background: Activation of purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 3 (P2X3), transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) by their specific ligands is a major mechanism contributing to magnified pain responses. The relationship between these nonselective cation channels and proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) activation mediated pain is still to be clarified.Methods: In this study, both in vitro model of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons with PAR2 agonist SL-NH2 challenge and SL-NH2-induced pain rat model were used to approach these questions. The expression of P2X3, TRPV1, and TRPA1 in DRG neurons was investigated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. The involvement of the PLCβ3/PKCε signaling pathway was also determined. The behavior test for mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia was performed. Results: SL-NH2 induced upregulation of P2X3, TRPV1, and TRPA1 through phosphorylation of phospholipase Cβ3 (PLCβ3) and protein kinase Cε (PKCε) signaling pathway in DRG neurons in vitro and in vivo. SL-NH2 also elevated the proportion of P2X3-, TRPV1-, and TRPA1-expressing neurons. The upregulation of P2X3, TRPV1, and TRPA1 and phosphorylation of PLCβ3 and PKCε in DRG neurons was paralleled with mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia behaviors in rats. Conclusions: The data of the present study imply that SL-NH2 as a noxious stimulus activates PAR2 which induces TRPV1, TRPA1, and P2X3 upregulation through PLCβ3/PKCε signaling pathway, thereby decreasing activation thresholds and increasing excitability, resulting in sustained nociceptive activity in DRG neurons, and then causing mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia behaviors. These data expanded our knowledge about PAR2-mediated pain sensitivity and its relationship with TRPV1, TRPA1, and P2X3 and provided new opportunities on management of pain behaviors.
Troubling Issues of Gender and Culture in the General Practitioners’ Consultation Room: a Contribution from the Netherlands.
Authors: Saharso Sawitri , Dekker Carlijn
Published: January 2020

Background: This paper discusses Dutch general practitioners (GPs) responses to patients, mostly women of migrant background, with health issues related to so-called Harmful Traditional Practices (HTPs) and other troubling issues of gender and culture, that harm the rights and well-being of women. GPs long-lasting personal relationship with their patients and familiarity with their situation make them well positioned to help these patients. Yet, we know very little what troubling health issues related to gender and culture GPs actually encounter in their consultation room and how they deal with them. We suspected, moreover, that their professional ethics offered insufficient moral guidance. Method: The paper is based on in-depth interviews with fourteen GPs in the Netherlands. Results: The GPs frequently encountered cases of gender and culture they found troubling, like honor related violence. Some GPs complied with requests for deceitful diagnoses, that were informed by harmful traditions, like requests for virginity certificates, because they believed this was in the patient’s best interest. They therewith compromised their own medical ethics. Their interventions possibly also contributed to the continuation of the harmful practice. On the other hand, respect for their patients’ autonomy made the GPs reticent to intervene, also in case of harmful practices. They required explicit consent or a concrete request from the patient, which might, given the coercive conditions of their patients’ lives, be overdemanding and risk wrongfully withholding help. Bioethics was of little help. Conclusions: Well-intended medical intervention may contribute to the continuation of cultural traditions that violate women’s human rights. Not intervening in harmful issues of gender and culture out of respect for the patient’s autonomy may, however, just as little contribute to the well-being of the patient, because it possibly overstates the patient’s freedom to request intervention. More reflection is needed among medical professionals and in medical education on these troubling issues of gender and culture and their implications for medical intervention.
Developing whole-school mental health and wellbeing intervention through pragmatic formative process evaluation: A case-study of innovative local practice within the School Health Research Network
Authors: Gobat Nina H , Littlecott Hannah , Williams Andy , McEwan Kirsten , Stanton Helen , Robling Michael , Rollnick Stephen , Murphy Simon , Evans Rhiannon
Published: January 2020

Background: The evidence-base for whole school approaches aimed at improving student mental health and wellbeing remains limited. This may be due to a focus on developing and evaluating de-novo, research led interventions, while neglecting the potential of local, contextually-relevant innovation that has demonstrated acceptability and feasibility. This study reports a novel approach to modelling and refining the theory of a whole-school restorative approach, alongside plans to scale up through a national educational infrastructure in order to support robust scientific evaluation.Methods: We conducted a pragmatic formative process evaluation of a routinized whole-school restorative approach aimed at improving student mental health and wellbeing in Wales.Results: The study reports seven phases of the pragmatic formative process evaluation that researchers, policy-makers and practitioners may undertake in the development and evaluation of interventions already in routine practice: 1) identification of innovative local practice; 2) scoping review to identify intervention theory of change; antecedent and emergent contextual characteristics; implementation and outcomes; 3) establishment of a Transdisciplinary Action Research (TDAR) group; 4) co-production of intervention logic model with stakeholders; 5) confirmation of logic model with stakeholders; 6) planning for intervention refinement; and 7) planning for feasibility and outcome evaluation. The phases of this model are seen as being iterative.Conclusions: Formative, pragmatic process evaluations support researchers, policy-makers and practitioners in developing a robust scientific evidence-base for acceptable and feasible local innovation that does not have a clear evidence base. The case of a whole-school restorative approach provides an exemplar of how such an evaluation may be undertaken.
Association of Fine Particulate Matter Exposure with Acute Noncardiovascular Critical Illnesses and In-hospital Outcomes in Patients Receiving Intensive Cardiac Care
Authors: Chen Fei , Liu Qi , Huang Baotao , Huang Fangyang , Li Yiming , Peng Yong , Chen Mao
Published: January 2020

Background: The effect of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on the incidence of acute noncardiovascular critical illnesses (ANCIs) and clinical outcomes is unknown in patients with acute cardiovascular diseases.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in 2,337 admissions to an intensive cardiac care unit (ICCU) from June 2016 to May 2017. We used the 2-day average PM2.5 concentration before ICCU admission to estimate the individual exposure level, and patients were divided into 3 groups according to the concentration tertiles. Major ANCI was defined as the composite of acute respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, or sepsis. The primary endpoint was all-cause death or discharge against medical advice in extremely critical condition.Results: More than 20 percent of admissions were complicated by major ANCI, and primary endpoints occurred in 7.6% of patients during their hospitalization. The association of short-term PM2.5 exposure levels with the incidence of acute respiratory failure (adjusted OR [odds ratio] =1.31, 95%CI [confidence interval]1.12-1.54) and acute kidney injury (adjusted OR=1.20, 95%CI 1.02-1.41) showed a significant trend. Additionally, there were numerically more cases of sepsis (adjusted OR=1.21, 95%CI 0.92-1.60) and gastrointestinal hemorrhage (adjusted OR=1.29, 95%CI 0.94-1.77) in patients with higher exposure levels. After further multivariable adjustment, short-term PM2.5 exposure levels were still significantly associated with the incidence of major ANCI (adjusted OR=1.32, 95%CI 1.12-1.56), as well as with in-hospital outcomes (adjusted OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.09-2.12). Conclusion: Short-term PM2.5 exposure before ICCU admission was associated with an increased risk of incident major ANCI and worse in-hospital outcomes in patients receiving intensive cardiac care.
iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo var. saccharinus) after cold storage
Authors: Song Wen , Tang Fengxian , Cai Wenchao , Zhang Qin , Zhou Fake , Ning Ming , Tian Huan , Shan Chunhui
Published: January 2020

Background: During the low temperature storage, cantaloupe is susceptible to the cold stress, resulting in the loss of edible and commercial quality. To ascertain the molecular mechanisms of cold tolerance in cantaloupe, cold-sensitive cultivar Goldqueen-308 (GE) and cold-tolerant cultivar Jiashi-310 (JS) were used for quantitative proteomic analysis with iTRAQ in parallel. Results: In this work, two commercial cultivars were treated at 0.5℃ for 0, 12 and 24 days. Phenotypes assays showed that GE suffered a more severe damage as the cold treatment time extended. Proteomic analysis revealed that the number of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) changed significantly over time in cold-exposed cantaloupe. Comparing with GE, JS responded in a prompter manner in terms of expressing cold-responding proteins during the similarly cold treatment. Furthermore, much more different groups of proteins were mobilized in response to the cold treatment in JS comparing with GE. Metabolic analysis indicated that more amino acids were up-regulated in JS during the early phases of cold stress. This study also identified some DEPs since they were up-regulated in JS or down-regulated in GE in terms of molecular mechanisms, which were mainly related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism, structure proteins, ROS scavening, amino acid metabolic and signaling transduction. Moreover, iTRAQ analysis was confirmed to be reliable via the results of phenotypes assays, metabolic analysis and q-PCR validation. Conclusion: By proteomics information,we found that the prompt response and the significant mobilization of proteins in JS maintained a higher level of cold tolerance, and the delay of cold response in GE could be a critical reason for the severe chilling injury. The candidate proteins we found will be the basis of future studies for further investigations and our findings may help to better understand the novel mechanisms of cold tolerance in cantaloupe.
Protein changes as robust signatures of fish chronic stress: a proteomics approach in fish welfare research
Authors: de Magalhães Cláudia Raposo , Schrama Denise , Farinha Ana Paula , Revets Dominique , Kuehn Annette , Planchon Sébastien , Rodrigues Pedro Miguel , Cerqueira Marco Alexandre
Published: January 2020

Background In the verge of getting a greater understanding of fish welfare, sensitive technological tools, such as proteomics, may assist the aquaculture industry as it allows an unbiased approach for the discovery of potential biomarkers for stress monitoring. Stress is characterized by a cascade of physiological responses that end-up inducing further changes at the whole-animal level that might either increase fitness or impair welfare. Monitorization of this dynamic process, up till now relies on indicators that are only a snapshot of the stress level experienced. Within this scope, using gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ) as a model, three chronic stress conditions, namely overcrowding, handling and hypoxia, were employed to evaluate the potential of the fish protein-based adaptations as reliable signatures of chronic stress, in contrast with the commonly used indicators of primary and secondary stress responses.Results A large spectrum of biological variation regarding cortisol and glucose levels was observed, which values rose higher in net handled fish. In this sense, a potential pattern of stressor-specificity was evidenced since the magnitude of response and tolerance varied markedly from a permanent (crowding) to a repetitive stressor (handling). Gel-based proteomics analysis of the plasma proteome also revealed that net handled fish had the highest number of proteins with significantly altered abundance, compared to the other trials, whereas mass spectrometric analysis, followed by gene ontology enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses, characterized those as humoral components of the innate immune system and key elements on the response to stimulus.Conclusions Overall, this study represents the first screening of more reliable signatures of physiological adaptation to chronic stress in fish, allowing the future development of novel biomarker models to monitor fish welfare.
On the utility of RNA sample pooling to optimize cost and statistical power in RNA sequencing experiments
Authors: Assefa Alemu Takele , Vandesompele Jo , Thas Olivier
Published: January 2020

In gene expression studies, RNA sample pooling is sometimes considered because of budget constraints or lack of sufficient input material. Using microarray technology, RNA sample pooling strategies have been reported to optimize both the cost of data generation as well as the statistical power for differential gene expression (DGE) analysis. For RNA sequencing, with its different quantitative output in terms of counts and tunable dynamic range, the adequacy and empirical validation of RNA sample pooling strategies have not yet been evaluated. In this study, we comprehensively assessed the utility of pooling strategies in RNA-seq experiments using empirical and simulated data. Mathematical descriptions of the data generating mechanism in pooled experiments are used to reinforce our interpretations from the empirical and simulation studies. The results demonstrate that pooling strategies in RNA-seq studies can be both cost-effective and powerful when the number of pools, pool size and sequencing depth are optimally defined. For high within-group gene expression variability, small RNA sample pools are effective to reduce the variability and compensate for the loss of the number of replicates. Unlike the typical cost-saving strategies, such as reducing sequencing depth or number of biological samples, an adequate pooling strategy is effective in maintaining the power of testing for DGE for low to medium abundance levels, along with a substantial reduction of the total cost of the experiment.
EMG-pressure Response in the Transverse Abdominis and Multifidus Muscles among Individuals With and Without Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Wang Chu huai , Li Xin , Lo Wai Leung Ambrose , Lu Song wei , Liu Howe , Lin Ke yu , Lai Jian yang , Li Le
Published: January 2020

Background: Pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) is a non-invasive, low-cost, and widely used device for monitoring, evaluating and training transverse abdominals (TA) and multifidus (MF) muscles of patients with low back pain (LBP). There has been little research on quantifying muscle activity under different pressures. The primary aim of this preliminary study was to explore the response between deep local trunk muscles (TA and MF) and different target pressures of PBU in seated positions. Methods: Twenty-two patients with chronic LBP (cLBP) and 24 age matched healthy individuals were recruited. Electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded from the TA and MF muscles while individuals contract the TA and MF muscles in seated position to achieve PBU pressure value of 50, 60 and 70mmHg in random order. The t-test was used to compare between-group and within-subjects’ effects to examine the effect of different pressure values. Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed in the cLBP group to determine potential correlations. Results: The %MVIC of the TA and MF in the cLBP group were statistically higher than the control group at each pressure value (P＜0.05). The slope of the cLBP subjects was significantly steeper than the healthy control subjects (TA: P=0.01, MF: P＜0.001). During maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of TA and MF, compared with pain-free group, cLBP patients showed a significant decrease (P≤0.001). MF MVIC was significantly and moderately negatively correlated with visual analog scale (VAS) (r = -0.48, P=0.024) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) (r = -0.59, P=0.004). Conclusions: The study demonstrates the feasibility of using PBU to assess muscle contraction that corresponds with changes of muscle activity as measured by EMG. The use of EMG to quantify the extent of how much the PBU activates muscles may provide important information to clinicians and researchers for patients with LBP.
Keefektivan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan Strategi Think-Talk-Write (TTW) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Representasi Matematis
Authors: Chakim Luqman
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektivan model pembelajaran problem based learning dengan strategi think-talk-write (TTW) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP IT Assa’idiyyah Kirig Mejobo Kudus pada siswa kelas VIII tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan true experimental design jenis posttest-only control design. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 70 siswa yang terbagi ke dalam dua kelas, yaitu kelas eksperimen yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning dengan strategi think-talk-write (TTW) dan kelas kontrol yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Dari tiga kelas yang ada terpilih kelas VIII C sebagai kelas eksperimen dan VIII A sebagai kelas kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji hipotesis dengan uji t independent sampel T-test diperoleh thitung = 2,080 lebih dari ttabel =1,995, berarti thitung berada di daerah penolakan H0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan indikator representasi matematis tertinggi yang diperoleh adalah kemampuan visual. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning dengan strategi think-talk-write (TTW) lebih tinggi dibandingkan rata-rata kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran konvensional.
Network Pharmacology Analysis on Zhichan Powder in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Li Jia , Qi Xinchang , Sun Yajuan , Zhang Yingyu , Chen Jiajun
Published: January 2020

Aim and Objective:

Effective components and the mechanism of action of Zhichan powder
for the treatment of Parkinson's disease were researched at a systematic level.

Materials and Methods:

Screening of active components in Zhichan powder for the treatment of
Parkinson's disease was conducted using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology
database, and a medicine-target-disease network was established with computational network
pharmacology.

Results:

By using network pharmacology methods, we identified 18 major active components in
Zhichan powder through screening, indicating a connection between chemical components of this
Traditional Chinese Medicine and Parkinson’s disease-related targets.

Conclusion:

The medicine-target-disease system of Zhichan powder established by network
pharmacology permitted visualization of clustering and differences among chemical components in
this prescription, as well as the complex mechanism of molecular activities among those effective
components, relevant targets, pathways, and the disease. Thus, our results provide a new perspective
and method for revealing the mechanism of action of Traditional Chinese Medicine prescriptions.
Therapeutic Study of Phytochemicals Against Cancer and Alzheimer’s Disease Management
Authors: Ahmad Syed Sayeed , Waheed Tayyaba , Rozeen Sayed , Mahmood Sufia , Kamal Mohammad Amjad
Published: January 2020

Background:

Phytochemicals are a significant piece of conventional prescription and have been researched in detail for conceivable consideration in current drug discovery. Medications and plants are firmly identified for traditional prescriptions and ethnomedicines that are basically arranged from plants. Recognizing the medical advantages of phytochemicals is of fundamental advancement in medication and useful sustenance improvement. Secondary metabolites of different plants have been customarily used for the improvement of human wellbeing. The phytochemicals are diets rich, which can upgrade neuroplasticity and protection from neurodegeneration.

Results:

Phytochemicals keep on entering clinical preliminaries or provide leads for the synthesis of medicinal agents. Phytochemicals are a great extent cancer prevention agents in nature at lower concentrations and under favorable cell conditions that adequately avoid the oxidation of different molecules that have an ability to produce free radicals and thus protect the body.

Conclusion:

The purpose of this review is to describe the use of phytochemicals against cancer and Alzheimer’s disease treatment.
Multicomponent Reaction of Aldehydes, Amines and Oxalacetate Analogues Leading to Biologically Attractive Pyrrole Derivatives
Authors: Manta Stella , Kollatos Nikolaos , Mitsos Christos , Chatzieffraimidi Georgia-Anna , Papanastasiou Ioannis , Gallos John K. , Komiotis Dimitri
Published: January 2020

Pyrrole is a very important pharmacophoric moiety. It has been widely incorporated into the skeleton of antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant and antifungal active substances. Access to this key heterocycle by diverse routes is particularly attractive in terms of chemistry, and also from the environmental point of view. The present minireview summarizes the reported methods for the preparation of highly substituted pyrrole derivatives based on the one-pot multicomponent reaction of aldehydes, primary amines, and oxalacetate analogues as well as their biology.
Hydroxycitric Acid Inhibits Renal Calcium Oxalate Deposition by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Authors: Liu Xiao , Yuan Peng , Sun Xifeng , Chen Zhiqiang
Published: January 2020

Objective:

The study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of hydroxycitric
acid（HCA） for stone formation in the glyoxylate-induced mouse model.

Materials and Methods:

Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into a control group,
glyoxylate(GOX) 100 mg/kg group, a GOX+HCA 100 mg/kg group, and a GOX+HCA
200 mg/kg group. Blood samples and kidney samples were collected on the eighth day
of the experiment. We used Pizzolato staining and a polarized light microscope to
examine crystal formation and evaluated oxidative stress via the levels of
malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase
(GSH-Px). Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was
used to detect the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1), nuclear
factor-kappa B (NF κ B), interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) messenger RNA
(mRNA). The expression of osteopontin (OPN) and a cluster of differentiation-44(CD44)
were detected by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. In addition, periodic acid Schiff
(PAS) staining and TUNEL assay were used to evaluate renal tubular injury and
apoptosis.

Results:

HCA treatment could reduce markers of renal impairment (Blood Urea
Nitrogen and serum creatinine). There was significantly less calcium oxalate crystal
deposition in mice treated with HCA. Calcium oxalate crystals induced the production of
reactive oxygen species and reduced the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes. HCA
attenuated oxidative stress induced by calcium oxalate crystallization. HCA had
inhibitory effects on calcium oxalate-induced inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1, IL-
1 β, and IL-6. In addition, HCA alleviated tubular injury and apoptosis caused by calcium
oxalate crystals.

Conclusion:

HCA inhibits renal injury and calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the
glyoxylate-induced mouse model through antioxidation and anti-inflammation.
Upper and Lower Airways Diseases in Childhood
Authors: Parisi Giuseppe Fabio , Leonardi Salvatore
Published: January 2020

:

In the last decade, extensive research has provided consistent advances in molecular biology and “omics”
science (genomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics), which have led to the detailed characterization of the
etiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and subtypes of many diseases. Based on these developments, the concept of
precision medicine was established.

:

About a quarter of medical consultations related to primary care in children involves respiratory problems. About 10% of
the cases are asthma, while the other most important respiratory diseases includes bronchiolitis, acute bronchitis and
respiratory infections. Today, beyond the most common respiratory pathology, it is appropriate to discuss what are the
novelties in the management of more complex, frequent and infrequent, pathologies because they are those in which it is
possible to implement the concept of precision medicine.
Evaluation of Mandibular Third Molar Region in a Turkish Population Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Orhan Büyük Kaan , Yılmaz Dilek , Ozemre Mehmet Ozgur , Kamburoğlu Kıvanç , Gulen Orhan , Gulsahi Ayse
Published: January 2020

Objectives:

To evaluate impacted mandibular third molar tooth region and obtain linear
measurements using CBCT images and to assess the relationship between the impacted third molar
and the mandibular canal.

Methods:

CBCT scans of 351 patients (208 females, 143 males) were assessed. Age, gender, and
impaction site were recorded for each patient. The relationship of third molars with the vertical
axis of second molars, 2nd molar resorption and the relationship between third molar apices and
the mandibular canal were assessed. In addition, the distance between ramus and second molar,
mesiodistal width of the third molar, the angle between third molar and second molar, and width
of the third molar capsule were measured. Binary Logistic Regression, Chi-Square Test, and General
Linear Model were used for statistical analysis.

Results:

The highest percentage of impaction was found for mesioangular followed by transversal
and vertical. The transversal impacted third molars revealed a significant association with adjacent
second molar root resorption (p<0.001). There was a statistical significance between the second
molar resorption and distance between ramus and second molar (p<0.001). The mesioangular impacted
third molars revealed significant relation with the mandibular canal (p<0.05). The most
frequent variation found was the dental canal followed by the retromolar canal. In general, higher
measurement values were obtained for men when compared to women (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

CBCT assessment of the third molar region provided useful information regarding
impacted mandibular third molar surgery operations.
A geoconservação no Brasil: panorama das iniciativas institucionais e das discussões sobre a temática em eventos científicos
Authors: Araújo Glácia Lopes , De Araújo Silva José Francisco , Sabóia de Aquino Cláudia Maria
Published: January 2020

A geodiversidade desempenha importante papel, seja como substrato para biodiversidade, como fonte de recursos para o desenvolvimento das sociedades humanas ou como guardiã da evolução geológica do planeta. O Brasil guarda em seu território complexos registros da evolução geológica do planeta, de modo que conhecer e conservar a riqueza desse patrimônio se constitui como grande desafio. O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um quadro geral da geoconservação no Brasil, tomando como base as principais iniciativas institucionais e a discussão da temática em eventos científicos. A metodologia foi baseada na consulta de livros, teses, dissertações, artigos e sites para elencar as principais iniciativas institucionais e na consulta e análise dos anais, dos últimos dez anos, de quatro grandes eventos nacionais que têm abordado a temática da geodiversidade e geoconservação em suas edições, realizando-se a busca de palavras-chave (geodiversidade, geoconservação, patrimônio geológico, geopatrimônio, geoturismo, geoparque) nos títulos, resumos e palavras-chave dos artigos publicados nos anais dos eventos selecionados. A partir dessa análise, foi possível perceber um crescente interesse da temática em questão. No entanto, a distribuição espacial ainda não é uniforme no território brasileiro, embora existam iniciativas institucionais e se discuta a temática em todas as regiões do país, ainda há uma concentração maior na região Sudeste.
Marcadores Geoquímicos como Indicadores de Atributos Culturais na Paisagem Geomorfológica no Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, Piauí-Brasil
Authors: Moraes Beneilde Cabral , Moura Liége De Souza , Carvalho Rita De Cássia Pereira Santos , Corrêa Antonio Carlos de Barros
Published: January 2020

As investigações sobre indícios de ocupação humana pré-histórica, através de análise química elementar tem sido uma importante ferramenta no estudo de sedimentos arqueológicos. Nesta perspectiva, buscou-se aprofundar as investigações acerca dos indícios de tal ocupação através de marcadores geoquímicos nos sítios Toca Sítio do Meio e Toca do Gordo do Garrincho, localizados no Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara-Piauí, Brasil, e em seu entorno. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo morfoestratigráfico, sedimentológico e geoquímico de depósitos, utilizando métodos físicos, químicos e instrumentais. Os dados obtidos mostraram resultados para a determinação da textura do solo, apontando para diferentes concentrações de argilominerais, influenciando na fixação de fósforo (P) e outros marcadores. O elemento P está presente em todas as amostras de forma significativa, embora não esteja presente no material parental, indicando que houve um input alóctone, sugerindo um forte indício da existência de níveis de ocupação humana. Deve-se considerar que a associação climática que se faz entre argilominerais e sedimentos deve ser mais cautelosa, pois se observa que há um controle muito grande da rocha. Contudo, foi possível estabelecer parâmetros teórico-metodológicos de indicadores ambientais com aplicação de marcadores geoquímicos para a indicação de níveis de ocupação humana pré-histórica e reconstrução da dinâmica e evolução ambiental de paleopaisagens.
Geoconservação em Monumentos Naturais no Brasil
Authors: Couto Milene Santos , Figueiredo Carlos Augusto Assumpção de
Published: January 2020

Foi evidenciada a relevância da geodiversidade para a conservação da natureza através de um levantamento das unidades de conservação da categoria de Monumentos Naturais no Brasil. A fonte principal de dados foi o Cadastro Nacional de Unidades de Conservação - CNUC. O conceito de Monumento Natural foi analisado para o Brasil na literatura e em órgãos de proteção ao património, nomeadamente IPHAN, UNESCO e IUCN. Foram identificados 60 Monumentos Naturais no Brasil. A criação de Monumentos Naturais apresentou como principal motivação aspectos ligados à geodiversidade, algumas vezes associados à biodiversidade e/ou aspectos culturais. Muitos destes atributos estão relacionados a aspectos geomorfológicos que formam a paisagem e servem de estrutura para os biomas protegidos e a beleza cênica local. Frequentemente, mais de um tipo de feição geomorfológica ou atributo é encontrado em um mesmo Monumento Natural. Os elementos da geodiversidade que justificam os Monumentos Naturais brasileiros são: resquícios paleontológicos; maciços; cavidades naturais; serras; inselbergs; rios; lagoas; cânions; cachoeiras; falésias; dunas; e ilhas oceânicas. Os Monumentos Naturais possuem uma relação direta com a ideia de herança, ao se vincularem a aspectos geomorfológicos e culturais. O conceito de Monumento Natural na legislação brasileira deveria ser revisto para aproximar-se do conceito da IUCN que explicita componentes geológicos, culturais, espirituais e a associação com a biodiversidade local.
A produção de materiais geoeducativos na proposta do Geoparque Quarta Colônia, RS
Authors: Figueiró Adriano , Motta Vinicius , Brunhauser Thainara , Ventura Harrison , Cechin Dilson
Published: January 2020

Na região central do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), nove municípios com grande relevância no patrimônio geológico-geomorfológico, paleontológico e histórico-cultural representam o território de uma das propostas de geoparque atualmente em construção. A riqueza patrimonial desse território se expressa em fósseis triássicos de grande raridade, feições e processos geomorfológicos típicos de ambientes de transição entre planaltos escarpados e extensas áreas de deposição aluvial, grande biodiversidade e testemunhos culturais preservados, que remontam à imigração italiana e alemã ocorrida neste território na segunda metade do século XIX. Diversos estudos apontam sobre a importância de estratégias pedagógicas que possam atuar neste contexto. Assim, materiais geoeducativos servem como ferramentas de disseminação do conhecimento científico, porém para a construção destes instrumentos é necessária uma abordagem que contemple o contexto dos sujeitos envolvidos e do território em questão. Alguns materiais educativos já estão sendo desenvolvidos, como um jogo de Role Playing Game (RPG), um caderno didático do geoparque quarta colônia e uma maquete em grande formato do território, traduzindo para uma linguagem escolar a riqueza geopatrimonial do território. A elaboração destes materiais resulta em ferramentas estratégicas de conscientização e valorização do patrimônio e no despertar do interesse do uso dos geossítios como atração geoturística.
Toward a taxonomy of micro and small manufacturing enterprises
Authors: Wibowo Budhi , Masrurah Nur Aini , Kasanah Yulinda Uswatun , Trapsilawati Fitri , Subagyo  , Ilhami Muhammad Adha
Published: January 2020

The business sustainability of micro and small manufacturing enterprises (M-MSEs) are substantial to drive productivity and employment rate in many developing countries. However, due to various limitations, these enterprises are struggling to develop themselves into larger enterprises. For this reason, the government of Indonesia is enthused to provide technical and managerial supports for these M-MSEs. This study aims to provide an objective taxonomy of Indonesian M-MSEs as a guidance for the authorities to deliver the appropriate supports. The taxonomy was developed based on the survey to 735 M-MSEs in the Yogyakarta area. By using cluster analysis, we found that the M-MSEs can be classified into four distinct groups. Each group has its development strategies, ranging from adopting lean philosophy to instituting relationship marketing. This taxonomy provides useful directions for the authorities to support the development of M-MSEs in Yogyakarta and also serves as part of a broader effort to construct M-MSEs taxonomy in Indonesia.