bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preservation of Unique Natural Territories of the North of Russia: from the History of the Creation of the Natural Heritage Site “The Virgin Forests of the Komi Republic”
Authors: Filippova T P
Published: August 2020

Based on a wide range of archival sources, the article considers the history of the creation of the UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site “The Virgin Forests of the Komi Republic” located in the Komi Republic on the western slopes of the Northern and Subpolar Urals. It includes the territories of two protected areas of the Pechora-Ilych Reserve and the National Park “Yugyd Va”, which make up the largest of the primary forests remaining in Europe. The level of the industrial development of the USSR and environmental transformation in the first half of the 20th century determined the wide involvement of academic knowledge in solving the problems of conservation of unique natural resources. The article considers the main directions and results of scientific work in the formulation and successful solution of the problems of nature conservation and the rational use of the resources of the northern region. Thanks to the scientists of the USSR Academy of Sciences more than two hundred objects were declared natural monuments on the territory of the Komi ASSR from the 1940s to the 1980s. The organization of the National Park “Yugyd Va” on the territory of the republic became one of the major scientific projects.
Greenland Environmental Laws at the Present Stage
Authors: Mokhorov D A , Voskresenskaya E V , Semenova K A , Kulik A S
Published: August 2020

The article considers the environmental legislation of Greenland as the autonomy of the Arctic state, its environmental policy and the main stages of its development. The authors describe the interaction of Greenland with Denmark and the European Union in the field of energy, water management, fishing, climate policy, and pollution control. The conclusion is drawn that, despite the fact that the environmental development of the autonomy started only at the end of the 20th century, significant improvements have already been made in the legal regulation of energy and water resources protection. The main areas of concern for Greenland are waste management and climate change. Despite the participation of Greenland in the Arctic and European Union programs and the development of its national policies to combat climate change, the level of greenhouse gas emissions from the rest of the world has a negative effect on the environmental situation in Greenland, thereby confirming the fears of researchers about the irreversibility of the Greenland glaciers melting and the general climate warming by more than 1.5 °C to the beginning of 2100. Nevertheless, despite large mineral deposits on its territory, the government of Greenland pursues the policy of sustainable environmental development.
Impact of regulatory features on waste management in the Nordic countries
Authors: Ivanova L V
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the problem of waste management relevant for the Russian Federation and the regions of its Arctic on the example of a number of Arctic states - the countries of Northern Europe. The existing waste management system, features of the relevant regulatory framework and competition development in this area are considered. The legislative framework of waste management in the Nordic countries is heavily influenced by European Union directives and international law. Regulatory documents lay the foundations of management and set goals for prevention of waste generation, reuse, recycling, etc. The Nordic countries have much in common, including cultural and legislative traditions. However, there are significant differences between them, ethat is one of the factors explaining the difference in the structure of waste management and the legislative framework in different countries of Northern Europe. Waste management issues have historically been the subject of discussion at the municipal level. Abolition or reduction of state regulation in a number of activities of the sector create opportunities for competition at the waste markets. In most cases, there is an obvious tendency to strengthen market orientation: many municipalities do not collect waste on their own, but use the services of state or private specialized enterprises. In most Nordic countries, existing laws and other regulations to some extent limit competition in waste management. It imposes obligations, but, at the same time, provides broad waste management rights. Within the current legislative framework, there are opportunities to increase competition in the field of waste management, for example, when the municipality decides to promote creation of a market through a tender. However, the existing regulatory framework may not be enough to improve the market structure or create new waste markets. In general, one can talk about development of competition in the field of waste management in the Nordic countries. Market relations create favorable conditions for making innovative decisions that will help reducing costs, decreasing lack of resources, and ensuring efficiency of the waste management sector as a whole. In addition, new solutions and some flexibility in a competitive environment can make a positive contribution to solving environmental problems.
Snow cover study in the zone of influence of the Severonickel plant
Authors: Slipenchuk M , Kirillov S , Vorobievskaya E , Sedova N
Published: August 2020

Abstract The article discusses the problems associated with the anthropogenic impact of the Severonickel plant on the environment in the Murmansk region of the Russian Federation. Due to the operation of this plant, sulfur compounds and metal-containing aerosols prevail in the structure of atmospheric emissions of the Murmansk region. In order to identify the main areas of impact of the Severonickel plant, snow samples were taken directly near the industrial site, as well as at points north and south of the plant, as well as in the city of Monchegorsk and its environs. The evaluation of the concentration of heavy metals was carried out in the ecological and analytical laboratory of the Department of Environmental Management and in the laboratory of atomic absorption of the Department of Landscape Geochemistry, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University. The highest values of the index of total pollution with heavy metals of snow are observed at sampling points located 750-1000 m north of the industrial zone, as well as at the point located 2.5 km northeast of Monchegorsk, at the intersection of the Kola highway and the railway station highway. According to 2017, the reaction rim of influence of the enterprise can be traced much further south and north. If according to the data of 2019, the points with significant indices of total pollution are located 2.5–3 km to the north and south of the plant, then, according to 2017, the influence of production can be traced in the radius of 8–10 km. Most likely, this difference in indicators is due to the frequency of winds. In 2019, the transfer of pollutants was much less active.
Impact of climatic effects on the environment and the economy of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Sorokina T , Trofimova A , Kondratov N , Shumilova Yu
Published: August 2020

The Arctic is a high-latitude part of the Far North, including the land area and the marine environment of the Arctic Ocean within the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation. The importance of the Arctic issues are conditioned by the fact that in the Russian Federation shaping and scientific rationale of the priorities of circumpolar territory development are ones of the key objectives of Russian economic development and modernization. Russian Arctic development should be based on the principles of resource efficiency and precautionary principle. It should be founded on cutting-edge research and professional competencies of labour force, who are adapted to work in the Arctic, and should be accompanied by innovative technologies. Studying different directions and problems of the Arctic development shows a particularly crucial role of geography in framing and solving national economic purposes. The role of geography is becoming more important not only because of huge impact of the geographical factor in the Far North and the Arctic regions but also due to remarkable differentiation of natural and social conditions of economic activity. In recent decades, the Arctic is undergoing rapid transformations in the natural and socio-economic environment, which are developing against the background of a lack of knowledge about them. One example is climate change, which can have an impact on environmental management on a global scale.
Assessment of the state of the socio-economic sphere of the Arctic territories of the world’s countries
Authors: Krasulina O Y , Rossokhin V V , Khazov V K
Published: August 2020

The article gives an assessment of the Arctic as a special territory, and the main natural and geographical features are described. Special attention is paid to national and regional differences in population density and GDP, wages and unemployment in the Arctic countries. The authors assess the socio-economic sphere of eight countries: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, USA. The authors compared the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators of the Arctic regions and the country in which they are located. An analysis was carried out that identified countries and regions with consistently high social and demographic potential, as well as countries with similar climatic and socio-economic characteristics that effectively complement each other (Norway, Sweden and Finland). Among the Arctic countries, Norway is characterized by oil and gas complexes and fish resources, Finland is characterized by innovative technologies for processing bioresources and mining, Sweden by mining of ore minerals, and the woodworking industry. The article suggests further study of Arctic countries with consistently high socio-economic indicators in order to apply their experience to the development of the Arctic territory of Russia. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to activate technological partnership with the use of innovative digital technologies. The authors emphasize the development of international cooperation as the most progressive mechanism for the development of the world. World Practice is a good basis for developing a unified Concept of the North, because different Arctic countries have identical socio-economic and scientific problems.
Information and communication technologies as a component of the innovative potential of the Murmansk region
Authors: Naumova O , Milskaya E
Published: August 2020

The article describes a special resource of the innovative potential of the regions -information and communication technologies (resource ICT). The features of the ICT development are analyzed, their impact on the innovative potential of the industry in the Murmansk region. The level of development of information and communication technologies provides the necessary coordination of the actions of participants in economic activity. The characteristic of the most important industries of the Murmansk region is given. The main factors of innovative potential are characterized and the influence of ICT development on the innovative development of industry is determined.
Legal regulation of lobbying activities as a form of economic development Arctic’s region
Authors: Moxorov D A , Goncharov A S , Yurkova O Y
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the problems and current prerequisites for sustainable growth of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The concept of development of the Arctic regions in the context of sustained development is analyzed. Modern scientific and practical recommendations for ensuring the economic stability of the Arctic region are taken into account. The most urgent problems of development of the Russian Arctic territories are analyzed and ways of their solution are outlined. In the center of the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is the Northern sea route, which will be the main line connecting the Russian Arctic. Doctrinal consolidation of such an institution as lobbying and the possibility of open regulation of the mechanism of interaction between the interests of political, economic and other groups in the preparation of draft laws is currently one of the most important anti-corruption initiatives. The article considers the main plans for territorial development in the Arctic and possible mechanisms of lobbying that can be applied in this region. The analysis of the dynamics of the formation of the Institute of lobbying and the development of processes of interaction between government and business is presented.
Budget as a tool for managing socio-economic development of the Arctic territories
Authors: Barasheva T
Published: August 2020

With the proclamation of the principles of strengthening independence and increasing the level of sustainable development of the Arctic regions the role of the budget as the main financial tool in the system of state regulation is increasing. Via the budget the state stirs up investments and innovations, stimulates economic and social development of territories, and ensures meeting public needs. The current research topicality is caused by the fact that a carefully study of the budget nature, its functional properties makes it possible to identify its capabilities and possibilities for organizing budget planning, which is the basis for ensuring efficient management of processes in the budget and other management areas. The work explores the budget functionality in connection to the stages of the budget process, determining the conditions and possibilities for the functioning and development of socio-economic systems. An assessment is made of the degree to which the budget functions are implemented: the content is revealed, the nature of their actions is determined from the point of view of efficiency of the budget functions. The research revealed that some budget functions did not reach the expected efficiency. The effect of the reproductive and regulatory functions of the budget in terms of, for example, changes in the structure of the economy is poorly expressed, which is confirmed by the continued leading role of the raw materials industry in the Arctic regions. The planning function aimed at achieving balanced budgets partially fulfills its purpose - it does not provide full coverage of expenses with budget revenues. The control function is not fully implemented at the stage of development and further implementation of tax tools. As a result, the development of negative processes in the economic and social spheres of the regions of the Russian Arctic zone continues.
Prospects for the development of small business in Arctic regions
Authors: Emelyanova E E , Yakovchuk A A
Published: August 2020

The research aims at evaluating the level of entrepreneurship development in the Russian Artic and investment activity that directly affects the entrepreneurship development area in the region. The research was conducted in three directions, and namely: analysis of the investment activity in Arctic regions; analysis of main growth drivers for the entrepreneurship and tourism area as a promising trend in the small business development; and study of the degree of small business involvement in the investment activity of Arctic regions and state support to small business, including the influence of the transport and logistics development of the Arctic zone on the promotion of the tourism and hospitality industry. An integrated approach to the execution of this research in evaluating the level of small business development and tourism industry in the regions depending on their affiliation to the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation determines its relevance and scientific novelty. During the research, it has been found that the level of investment activity in the territories of the RF Arctic zone is significantly differentiated and primarily depends on the degree of participation of large public corporations and backbone enterprises in the investment activity while the rates and level of small business development and level of state support fail to keep pace with the national average values and disagree with the announced targets in the entrepreneurship development in the country. In this connection, it is feasible to make amendments to the laws and regulations of the Russian Federation aimed directly at the support of entrepreneurship in Arctic regions of our country.
Development of a method for extracting spatial data from texts for visualization and information decision-making support for territorial management
Authors: Pilecki B M , Vicentiy A V
Published: August 2020

Information support for decision making for planning activities in the Arctic and management of the Arctic territories of the Russian Federation using spatial information visualization tools is an important and urgent task. To effectively address this challenge, it is necessary to develop specialized information tools that focus on the analysis, processing, and visualization of large amounts of information to support decision-making. Such tools include methods and technologies for extracting spatial data from texts in natural language for their further visualization. This paper describes the first part of a large complex of research works aimed at creating methods, technologies, algorithms and software for visualization of spatial data extracted from texts in natural language. At this stage of the work the technology of geodata extraction from the Arctic texts written in Russian is being developed. The paper also substantiates the prospects of application of the created methods and tools to support decision making in the field of territory planning and regional management. The review of named entities recognition problems on the basis of the analysis of scientific works executed in various areas of processing and the analysis of texts is resulted. The main approaches to text analysis and the most significant results achieved so far in this area are considered. The technology developed by the authors to extract spatial data from texts to support decision-making in planning and management of territories is part of a larger system to support socio-economic development of the region. This system is primarily focused on the Arctic territories of the Russian Federation and includes modules for analysis and visualization of geodata identified in the text analysis. The paper describes the research problem, the methods and tools used for text analysis, as well as the main results.
Ethnic branding technologies of the Arctic zone of Russia (on the example of the Murmansk region)
Authors: Bodrova O A , Razumova I A
Published: August 2020

The article focuses on the analysis of some technologies that are used for ethnic branding of the Arctic zone of Russia on the example of the Murmansk region. The main features of the Kola Sami and Pomors who are indigenous people and old-timers of the Kola Peninsula respectively by branding this northern territory are considered. The study presents interpretation of the results of the scientific research in the area of branding, sociological imagination and phenomenology. The concept of humanitarian geography and geographical images plays a significant role in this article. The increasing importance of the Arctic in the context of political and economic governance gives more relevance this topic, especially with respect to regional branding, strengthening regional identity, popularizing and preserving the ethnocultural heritage. The research is based on the content of Internet sites, media texts, modern ethnological work. Methods of virtual anthropology, phenomenology, visual and textual analysis of sources, practical branding were used. The study draws conclusions that as a result of branding, the Arctic region often appears as an imaginary space and ethnic images of the Arctic population at the same time are distorted. To a large extent, this process is facilitated by modern Internet technologies that reinforce stereotyping, exoticization and visualization of Arctic peoples’ images.
Social factors of territorial self-development in the Russian Arctic: results of sociological research in the Murmansk region in 2008-2017
Authors: Riabova L A , Gushchina I A , Kondratovich D L
Published: August 2020

The article presents the results of a sociological study of factors of territorial self-development in the Murmansk region of the Russian Arctic. The dynamics of the sociological estimates of specific social factors for the period of 2008-2017 was analysed based on surveys conducted by the authors. The study revealed that in the group of factors of personal well-being, the main trend was deterioration, as perceived by respondents. This manifested in a decreased proportion of respondents who consider themselves middle-income and an increased proportion of those who consider themselves poor. The positive trends included a slightly increased level of satisfaction with life in general and a slender tendency towards growth in confidence of respondents in their future. In the group of factors of social well-being, contradictory trends were observed. Throughout the decade the socio-economic problems persisted, the most acute of which, as respondents reported, had been rising prices and low living standard. Estimates of approval of the activities of local and regional authorities were declining, and the level of social patience was decreasing. Nevertheless, the estimates of place attachment have been persistently high, and this can be regarded as a strong factor potentially contributing to the self-development of the region.
Integrated Assessment of the Psychological Characteristics of the Individual Who Can Adapt Successfully to the Arctic Environment
Authors: Sharok V
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the research was to identify differences in the psychological characteristics of actual and potential employees in the Arctic and compare them with expert assessments based on an empirical study enrolled a total of 717 people, including 15 experts, 84 people working in the Arctic and 618 students. For self-assessment and expert evaluation, respondents were offered 12 personality traits that impact successful adaptation to the Arctic working conditions. The following conclusions can be made based on study results. Experts believe that a well-adapting person features self-possession, friendliness, sociability and calmness to a great extent, while strength, ability to withstand sustained loads, cold-headedness, prevailing cheerfulness and high self-esteem are developed to a lesser degree with such traits as decisiveness, perseverance and steadiness being even less prominent. So, the traits that promote successful building and maintenance of interpersonal relationships are of primary importance, while strength and emotional stability are slightly less so. The students who are more willing to work in the Arctic have more pronounced psychological characteristics that promote adaptation to the Arctic. Rotation employees describe themselves as more irritable and anxious, more likely as sprinters.
Portable micromanipulator for extreme climatic conditions
Authors: Timofeev A N , Berro S M
Published: August 2020

The problem of compensating for the partial loss of micromovements capabilities of a person in severe climatic conditions of the Arctic is studied. A portable manipulation system that reproduces the natural biomechanics of the human hand is proposed. The methods of manipulator control are analyzed. Promising areas of application of such systems for the repair of hard-to-reach equipment are considered.
Shock machines for testing Arctic robotics
Authors: Popov A N , Vasiliev A K , Shtreker D S , Reshetov D V , Bryanskiy A A
Published: August 2020

All industrial products including robots used for various works in arctic zone, can be exposed to various shock loads. In arctic conditions, such loads are: tectonical impacts, impacts from snow mass and other phenomena. To confirm the durability of products exposed to shock loads during exploitation, the impact tests ma products should be preliminary carried out. Such tests are performed in special equipment - shock machines. Shock machines are complex highly automated equipment. The development and production of machines of this type require advanced high technology and serious financial investments. Therefore, a deep understanding of operation principles of shock-testing machines, their design and methods of adjusting is very important. In the current paper the structures and designs of several types of developed shock machines are analyzed in details: single-shock machine, multiple-shock machine, machine with a pneumatic accelerator. Data on the development of a positional multi-motor pneumatic drive by the High School of Automatics and Robotics of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University are presented. The interface of the operation panel of the multiple shock machine is described according to operating modes, recording and processing the results of measuring the parameters of the shock pulse. Directions of research in the field of synthesis of shock machines for testing Arctic robotics are defined.
The use of different types of geographic information systems for the construction of geoservices to support management of the Arctic territories
Authors: Vicentiy A V
Published: August 2020

The Arctic territories of the Russian Federation are characterized by a wide variety of valuable and strategic mineral resources needed for the sustainable socio-economic development of the state. Therefore, the development of the Arctic territories is one of the priorities for the development of Russia in the coming decades. On the other hand, the ecosystems of the Arctic and regions of the Far North are very fragile and sensitive to various types of anthropogenic impact. The Arctic is home to unique species of animals and plants. In order to ensure their continued safe existence, a number of measures must be taken to protect them. One of the effective measures is the creation of specially protected natural areas. Various geographic information systems are actively used to monitor and manage such areas. This work is aimed at the creation of information technology for the joint use of geographic information systems of different types to solve the problems of monitoring and territorial management support. This paper considers different types of geographic information systems from the point of view of their effectiveness in solving problems of collection, processing, storage, analysis and presentation of spatial data. For practical approbation of the proposed information technology a web-geoservice “Khibiny National Park” was developed. For information support of the web-geoservice the data on industrial activity in the area of the national park, existing and alternative transport infrastructure in this area, as well as data on the ecosystem state and biodiversity of flora and fauna were used.
Development of a continuous thermal control device for high-voltage equipment
Authors: Vlasov A , Ereschenko V , Volkova T
Published: August 2020

The development of devices based on IR microcameras that can operate continuously inside, for example, a distribution rack (cabinet) with high-voltage power equipment, remote transmission of information about the thermal state of electrical equipment is of interest. An autonomous device was developed for searching and monitoring an area with a malfunction in the infrared image of high-voltage electrical installations. The device is intended for continuous monitoring of the technical condition of electrical equipment in closed complete installations with no access directly in the operating condition under voltage. The construction concept and technical solutions of an experimental industrial prototype of an automated system device for continuous monitoring of electrical equipment in the infrared image and video surveillance of power facilities are presented. The device is characterized by optimal parameters for monitoring the technical condition of the equipment operating under voltage and the ability to transmit information and accumulate a data bank.
Reliability assessment of the organizational system functioning with self-checking of subjects on watch
Authors: Menshikov V I , Shutov V V , Glinskaya I V , Blazheev A U
Published: August 2020

A notion has been formed that nowadays there is no any description of periodical self-checking procedures providing proper and high level reliability in organizational systems. Such reliability of any ship’s control organizational system depends on the choice of type of check or self-checking of “human errors”, caused by the navigational situation dynamics. It has been shown that such procedures must make it possible to check the quality either of the whole organizational system at a certain period or on the basis of the chosen period of such a system check to define the moments when it is rational to carry out self-checking of its certain subjects. It has been shown that one of the principles when making up the self-checking procedures should be either the use of information about the organizational system work or restrictions imposed on this system work which will complicate the use of the received results in practice. The problem which has been studied – to find an optimal global period of subjects self-checking in the organizational system of keeping watch which would meet the specified conditions and provide minimum to the accepted criterion. It has been suggested to connect the reliability growth of the correct organizational system functioning with the development of the main characteristics of the procedure providing the periodical subjects self-checking. At that, as it is shown in the illustrative example to this article the received results can be easily used in practice.
Current trends and problems in the formation of heat supply infrastructure in the Russian Arctic
Authors: Biev A A
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the most important problems of the regional energy complex in the subjects of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The main attention is paid to the aspects of formation of territorial heat supply systems which are the basic components of the life support infrastructure in the harsh climatic conditions of the Arctic and the Far North. Despite the predominance of energy sector in the economics of the Russian Arctic, the availability of the raw material base and an increase in the flow of investment resources to the energy industry, there is a further obsolescence and reduction of fixed assets of municipal energy supply. The highest level of heat supply and utility rates is noted here. The strengthening of these energy threats is a factor limiting the social and economic growth of the Arctic territories. The author substantiates the conclusion that some of the previously existing territorial infrastructure advantages of the Russian Arctic territories have been lost. It has led to a reduction in the total number of heat supply units, thermal energy territorial production and also the length of heat and steam networks.
Oil-and-gas-bearing territories in the Arctic: new models for finding and clarifying boundaries
Authors: Minaev V , Starozuk Ye , Stepanov R , Faddeev A
Published: August 2020

A fundamentally new digital model of the Earth’s lithosphere, which has no analogs in the practice of geophysical research, is described. It is a computer database (DB) of geophysical characteristics of the lithosphere processes, including geodeformation indicators. To study these characteristics, a specialized program was developed that allowed, using DB, to implement at a detailed and qualitative level models for analyzing, assessing and predicting the geophysical characteristics of the lithosphere, geodynamic risk, as well as justifying geodynamic indicators of the location of hydrocarbon deposits. The assessment of geodynamic risk is based on the use of a mathematical indicator, which is the spatial distribution of the values of the rotor of the full displacement vector in the geological environment. The proposed mathematical models, numerical methods, and algorithms open up new prospects for conducting scientific research both in the field of managing complex distributed territorial systems and in solving practical problems of analyzing, assessing, and predicting geodynamic risks and searching for hydrocarbon deposits.
Arctic oil and gas offshore projects: how to forecast their future
Authors: Ilinova A A , Chanysheva A F , Solovyova V M
Published: August 2020

Development of Arctic oil and gas resources is relevant due to the strategic importance of hydrocarbons, as well as Arctic territories as a whole for our country. The prospects for the Arctic shelf are related, first of all, to the development of domestic available mineral resources, the socio-economic development of the Arctic region, the maintenance of innovative activity of Russian industries, the strengthening of international positions of the country, the creation of industrial growth centers in the northern territories. Prospects for Arctic oil and gas resources development remain unclear today due to the high degree of uncertainty about external (especially macroeconomics and politics) and internal (project) environment factors. This fact makes it necessary to develop scientifically sound approaches to predicting the development of the Arctic shelf oil and gas resource. This paper considered the existing forecasts of oil production on the Arctic shelf, highlighted the specific features of forecasting the prospects for Arctic shelf projects implementation, considered the peculiarities of the application of statistical and expert forecasting methods. On the basis of the example of oil price forecasting, as a key indicator affecting the prospects of offshore projects, it was concluded that there are limited possibility of using statistical methods and the need to use expert approaches. It has been determined that in order to create a holistic approach to forecasting the future of Arctic offshore oil and gas projects, a comprehensive algorithm based on the use of existing forecasting methods and their reasonable combination, taking into account the peculiarities of predicted systems and indicators, is necessary.
Factors affecting distribution of precious metals in rocks of the South Sopchinsky massif and the ‘Moroshkovoe Lake’ target (southern framing of the Monchegorsk pluton, Kola Peninsula): experience of applying statistical methods
Authors: Miroshnikova Ya A , Martynov E V
Published: August 2020

Three types of vein bodies are developed within the southern framing of the Monchegorsk pluton, in metapyroxenites of the South Sopchinsky massif: 1) plagioclase-pyroxene; 2) quartz-feldspar, and 3) amphibole-plagioclase composition. PGM mineralization is related to sulfide-oxide dissemination in these vein bodies (they are also found in the neighboring ‘Moroshkovoe Lake’ target) and mainly occurs as tellurides, arsenides, bismuthides, and Pt and Pd sulfides. A correlation analysis of non-ferrous and precious metal contents in the veins and metapyroxenites enclosing them was carried out using the Spearman’s rank correlation nonparametric coefficient. It showed an inheterogenous distribution of Cu, Ni, Pt, and Pd in these bodies. In conjunction with geological observations and petrochemical studies, the implementation of this statistical method allowed drawing a conclusion about a possible mechanism of formation of the low-sulfide PGM mineralization in rocks of the South Sopchinsky massif.
Study of sorbents of oil and oil products for emergency oil spills response in the Arctic seas
Authors: Pavlov A , Vasileva Z , Smirnova I
Published: August 2020

The possibility of using sorbents with immobilized microorganisms to eliminate oil spills in the sea in the climatic conditions of the Arctic is investigated.Based on the research results, the appropriateness of using these sorbents was assessed.Studies have also been conducted on the effectiveness of using commercial sorbents for the elimination of oil spills and oil products on the surface of seawater at positive and negative ambient temperatures.
The Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa gabbro-anorthosite complex: Nd-Sr isotope-geochronological evidence of its affinity to the East-Scandinavian Large Igneous Province
Authors: Steshenko E N , Serov P A , Kunakkuzin E L , Ekimova N A , Bayanova T B
Published: August 2020

The article provides new Sm-Nd and Nd-Sr isotope-geochronological data on rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa gabbro-anorthosite complex. The isotope Sm-Nd dating on metamorphic minerals (apatite, garnet, sulfide) and rock of the Kolvitsa massif yielded the age of 1887±37 Ma (high-temperature metasomatic transformation) and 1692±71 Ma (regional fluid processing). The model Sm-Nd age of metagabbro is 3.3 Ga with a negative value of εNd=-5.5, which indicates processes of crustal contamination or primary enriched mantle reservoir of initial magmas. According to geochronological and Nd-Sr isotope data, rocks of the Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa complex seem to have a common anomalous mantle source with Paleoproterozoic layered intrusions in the Baltic Shield.
Perspectives for Asian countries for entering into Oil and Gas assets of Sakhalin island Shelf and Arctic shelf of Russia
Authors: Volodichev K
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the participation of foreign companies in the development of oil and gas projects in the Russian Federation from both a historical and current point of view. The article clearly outlines the basics of the history of the development of the oil industry in the Russian Federation, the experience of involving foreign partners, both from around the World and from Asian countries, in particular, special attention is made to the prospects for Asian countries on joining oil and gas projects offshore Sakhalin island and the Arctic shelf of the Russian Federation, state policy of the Russian Federation and the current geopolitical situation in the World.
Arctic LNG cluster: new opportunities or new treats?
Authors: Razmanova Svetlana , Steblyanskaya Alina
Published: August 2020

Construction and further operation of the “Nord stream”, “Nord stream 2” and “Power of Siberia” gas pipelines are a crucial element in the development of cooperation between Russia, the EU and China in the gas sector. Nevertheless, the Russian Federation considers not only gas exports via pipelines but also the supply of liquefied natural gas (further-LNG) as a priority area in the regional markets. Nowadays, the LNG market is a derivative of the traditional gas market and has certain competitive advantages over pipeline gas supplies. Many countries, including the Russian Federation, are trying to consolidate their positions in the relatively new and growing LNG market. In the Paper, the Authors consider the main Russian LNG project’s strength and weaknesses. At the same time, there are several of specific problems that need to be taken into account in the development of Arctic hydrocarbon reserves. The creation of an LNG cluster with an annual capacity of up to 140 million tons on the territory of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous district is associated with significant risks. Among the most crucial risks are: competition for the LNG market share in the EU and Asia-Pacific countries started between the US and Russia, as well as Australian, Indonesian and Middle Eastern companies; significant volatility in energy prices on the World markets, and in particular in the EU and Asia-Pacific markets; high cost of Russian LNG projects and their limited funding under sanctions restrictions.
Pt-bearing Fedorovo-Pansky Layered Complex (Kola Peninsula): Sm-Nd geochronology and Nd-Sr characteristics
Authors: Serov P A
Published: August 2020

Results of isotope-geochronological Sm-Nd studies of the Paleoproterozoic platiniferous Fedorovo-Pansky layered intrusive are presented. Implementation of a complex of isotope-geochemical methods (Sm-Nd, U-Pb, Rb-Sr) allowed a more reliable and precise study of the age, formation patterns, and conditions of ore substance localization in the major units of the complex, i.e., the Fedorova Tundra and Kievey deposits. Geological, mineralogical, and isotope-geochronological data combined facilitate the identification of three ore-magmatic systems within the Fedorovo-Pansky ore area: 1) early troctolite-gabbronorite (2526-2507 Ma); 2) major ore-bearing norite-gabbronorite-anorthosite (2502-2470 Ma); 3) anorthosite (2447 Ma). The main industrial PGE mineralization of the Fedorovo-Pansky ore area is related to the norite-gabbronorite-anorthosite ore-magmatic system with the age of 2500-2470 Ma. Analysis of Sm-Nd model ages for the Fedorova Tundra (2.9 - 3.4 Ma) and West-Pana (2.8 - 3.1 Ma) blocks of the complex indicated that the age range for the Fedorova Tundra intrusive chamber is inclined to more ancient ages, which is confirmed by geological observations of individual intrusive chambers of the complex blocks.
Elderly families of indigenous peoples of the Arctic in the sociological dimension
Authors: Barashkova K D
Published: August 2020

The increasing share of older people in the demographic structure of society, the increasing instability of family and marriage relations, the transformation of the traditional family model in the context of global social and natural changes – this is not a complete list of factors that affect the institution of the family. The phenomenon of old age, including the elderly family, is a complex ideological problem of the value of life.Demographic aging requires a special infrastructure focused on meeting the social needs of people over 65 years of age. Such modernizations primarily concern the sphere of health and social services. Together with various types of social services, conditions are created that ensure the active longevity of elderly citizens. Family development is based on the social and personal needs of a person. In modern Russia, there is instability and transformation of family relations, which, in our opinion, is an indicator of crisis phenomena in its development, as well as institutional changes. Statistics for 2018 in Russia show that 65 % of marriage relationships have broken up, whereas 70 years ago, divorce was rare. And the forecast is quite negative, under such circumstances, there will be more and more divorces every year. And all the more valuable is the role of families who have a long family history and life experience. Their accumulated family values, proven over time, can help strengthen the institution of the family, preserve its significance for society and the individual, especially in the harsh conditions of life in the Arctic, when mutual assistance and mutual support becomes even more meaningful for a person.
The concept of social justice in the economy of traditional households of the Kola Peninsula
Authors: Ivanova M , Shabalina O , Kazakova K
Published: August 2020

The article is based on the analysis of ethnographic literature of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, folklore and archival sources and examines the historical and cultural context and the current existence of a specific subjective concept of social justice in the economy of a traditional household, historically formed by the local Arctic population – the Sámi of the Kola Peninsula. When thinking on this concept, criteria of strict equality in distribution, productivity and principles of satisfaction of needs were identified. It is noted that in the conditions of the state colonization policy of the Murmansk coast of the Kola Peninsula, starting with 1860, the region initiated new economic relations, governed by the norms of all-Russian legislation and “colonization” legal acts prepared speculatively, without taking into account the specific rights of the indigenous people. By the example of analysis of archival sources deposited in the funds of the State Archive of the Murmansk region, it is shown that in 1870-1871 in the case of legal way of upholding their ideas about social justice in the process of resolving possessory conflicts the Sámi of the Kola-Lopar district had declarative justice on their side, unlike the colonists though they had state resettlement privileges.
Features of summer ice-edge bloom in the Barents sea
Authors: Druzhkova E I , Ishkulova T G , Pastukhov I A
Published: August 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of hydrochemical complex and pelagic phytocene in the ice-edge area of the Barents sea during summer. The peak of ice-edge area phytoplankton bloom with a characteristic set of biomass values and complex of dominant species was recorded in the course of the study in the surface layer zone of drifting ice. At the same time in sub-surface horizons diatom transition to the stage of sporulation and mass development of nanoalgae, which is characteristic of seasonal oligotrophy was observed. Based on these data, quite a relevant supposition concerning the intensive development of ice-edge blooming under the solid ice cover off the north of the area studied could be made. To the south of the ice edge area the dominance in the phytoplankton community is shifted: nanoforms occupy a leading position in the community in numbers and biomass compared to microalgae, the composition of the lattest is completely replaced by the summer forms of dinoflagellates. The distribution of silicon and nitrogen consumed in euphotic layer, is fully consistent with the biomass and the number of microphytoplankton – a decrease of these parameters off the north, from the station located in the ice edge towards the south is observed. The maximum depletion of phosphates corresponds well with the area of active proliferation of nanophytoplankton in the southern part of the study area.
Estimation of pine forest timber volume in the European part of Russia’s Subarctic region: Evidence from the Kola Peninsula recovering from catastrophic disturbances
Authors: Evdokimov A S , Pankratova I V , Ruschina E A , Shamrov I I , Yandovka L F
Published: August 2020

The study provides a comparative assessment of the volume of pine forests growing in the European part of the Subarctic region of the Russian Federation (the Kola Peninsula). This characteristic is one of the most important indicators in the forest inventory during the economic assessment of forest stands. The study considers forest communities at various stages of recovery after catastrophic disturbances with a special focus on forest cutting and forest fires. These catastrophic violations are of a different nature when exposed to elements of the forest ecosystem. Therefore, it can be assumed that different communities may experience differences in the estimated characteristics in the process of staged recovery. An alternative hypothesis of this study is the assumption that a comparative assessment of timber volume will vary between communities with different types of catastrophic disturbances (cutting and forest fire) at least in the early stages of recovery.