bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Psychological Mechanisms to Policy Interventions: Integrating SOR Framework and Secondary Risk Theory for Mitigating Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: Peng Rui , Peng Zongchao
Published: February 2025

Vaccination has emerged as the most anticipated intervention to mitigate the spread of the virus. However, vaccine hesitancy remains a pervasive issue, and few studies have explored the link between external policy intervention and psychological factors and the impact on vaccine hesitancy. This study categorizes policy interventions into three types: media interventions, reminder interventions, and service interventions, and proposes integrating the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework into the secondary risk theory to explore the integration of external policy intervention and psychological factors in the receivers’ willingness and reactions (n = 6532). Using a survey dataset collected in China, the study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the relationships between these intervention strategies, individual risk cognitions, and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The results show that media interventions from formal news sources, reminders from family members, and educational campaigns about vaccines significantly enhance vaccination willingness. Conversely, reminders via telephone and material incentives have little to no positive effect. The study also finds that vaccine confidence and the perception of vaccine risk significantly influence vaccination willingness, while the perception of pandemic risk does not. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers in designing effective intervention strategies to combat vaccine hesitancy and promote vaccination during the pandemic.
Existing demand-side climate change mitigation policies neglect avoid options
Authors: Brad Alina , Schneider Etienne , Dorninger Christian , Haas Willi , Hirt Carolin , Wiedenhofer Dominik , Gingrich Simone
Published: February 2025

Demand-side options are increasingly recognized for their potential to mitigate climate change while reducing reliance on novel carbon dioxide removal. However, systematic analyses of implemented demand-side mitigation policy mixes remain scarce, compromising assessment and exploration of effective and feasible demand-side policies. Here, we provide a multilevel analysis of the evolution, composition, and foci of demand-side mitigation policy mixes in the transport and housing sector from 1995 to 2024, focusing on the EU, the federal Austrian and two provincial levels (Vienna, Lower Austria). Our high-resolution policy database features 351 demand-side measures, systematically classified according to policy target, instrument type, and the avoid-shift-improve framework. We find that existing policy mixes heavily rely on shift and improve measures, critically neglecting mitigation potentials of avoid options as well as certain policy areas. This suggests an urgent need to broaden demand-side policy mixes and explore strategies that increase the political feasibility of avoid options.
Analyzing the Impact of Economic Growth, FDI and Energy Use on CO2 Emission in Kenya: An ARDL Approach
Authors: Oluwaseun Ayodele
Published: February 2025

This study estimates the effects of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), population, renewable energy consumption, fossil fuels, and foreign direct investment (FDI) on Kenya's carbon emissions between 1972 and 2021. This investigation makes use of the “Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL)” method, which is grounded in the theoretical framework as the “Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology” model known as (STIRPAT) model. The ARDL bound test and structural break test were also used in the study. According to our preliminary results, the data exhibits long-run cointegration; as a result, the uses of ARDL, which is adept at handling both short- and long-term effects, is essential. This study lends credence to earlier research by demonstrating that a rise in Kenya's GDP and population can result in an increase in that country's CO2 emissions. Kenya may reduce its damaging carbon dioxide emissions by transitioning to renewable energy sources. All estimates place the impacts of GDP growth and population growth at parity. Achieving Kenya's sustainable development goals will require substantial investment in the country's energy infrastructure, making this analysis potentially useful in planning and establishing strategies for future financial funding in the energy sector. For ARDL, the effects of fossil fuels are negative but insignificant. FDI has an insignificant but positive effect on the environment. Based on these findings, policymakers can make informed decisions to sustainable use of renewable energy.
Capacitação de estudantes do ensino médio em Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar: percepção dos extensionistas
Authors: ALVES Mateus , PORTO Stefany Neves , SILVA Adna Jwklezya de Santana , GALDINO Caio Cesar , OLIVEIRA Isabela Júdice
Published: February 2025

A realização da Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar (RCP) de forma ágil em situações emergenciais é indispensável para o aumento da sobrevida de vítimas de Parada Cardiorrespiratória (PCR). Assim, o presente trabalho aborda um relato de experiência sobre o projeto de capacitação realizado por 10 alunos dos cursos de Medicina e Enfermagem da Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais que foi ofertado aos discentes do terceiro ano do ensino médio de 9 escolas de Passos, Minas Gerais. Durante as ações nas escolas, é possível notar que muitos dos adolescentes desconhecem as práticas de primeiros socorros, diante disso, reforça a importância do ensino das manobras de RCP. Cada capacitação foi feita a partir de explicações didáticas, simulações com manequins, instrumentos de primeiros socorros e, por fim, uma entrevista dinâmica sobre o conteúdo ensinado. Ao final do treinamento, as entrevistas e os dados obtidos determinam que a experiência foi benéfica para o aprendizado tanto para os graduandos que aplicaram a capacitação quanto para os alunos do ensino médio.
O “estar na escola” em quadrinhos: laço escolar em tempos de reforma do Ensino Médio
Authors: MARTELLO Andréa , ANDRADE Cláudia Braga de , LUIZ Diego Marinho , LEWENKOPF Aline Araújo , D'AMICO Mariana Sousa , AFFONSO Regina , MARTINS Caroline Maria de Jesus
Published: February 2025

Relato da experiência do projeto Da escola à universidade: escutando o mal-estar (UNIRIO) que trata de oficinas realizadas no ano de 2023 em uma escola estadual do Rio de Janeiro com estudantes do 2º. ano do Ensino Médio. Um ciclo de conversas e propostas de expressão (oral, escrita, teatral, em quadrinhos e exposição) sobre o “estar na escola” que representou importante avanço na interlocução dos estudantes com o ambiente escolar. A metodologia da construção de quadrinhos como forma de expressão trouxe leveza e humor para tratar de assuntos geralmente difíceis. Em um contexto de fragmentação das práticas devido às recentes transformações tecnológicas, políticas, sociais e curriculares, essas oficinas representaram uma aposta que a expressão dos estudantes tem o poder de agregar valor e fortalecer o laço com a escola. Apesar de toda desestruturação atravessada, a escola continua sendo um lugar privilegiado de endereçamento ao outro e reconhecimento de si.
E agora? Propensão dos estudantes de contabilidade a adotarem a educação a distância após o ensino remoto
Authors: Flores Tiago Andressa , Araújo Leal Edvalda , Ferreira Layne Vitória , De Rezende Costa Nagib Leonardo
Published: February 2025

A pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a propensão dos estudantes de graduação em Ciências Contábeis a cursar as disciplinas propostas na estrutura curricular do curso na modalidade presencial, a distância ou híbrida, após a experiência com o ensino remoto. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de levantamento junto aos alunos da área contábil de uma universidade pública, de modo que a amostra foi composta por 178 respondentes. Para tratamento dos dados, adotou-se a análise descritiva e a regressão logística. Os resultados evidenciaram que os estudantes preferem cursar, em sua maioria, as disciplinas com conteúdo específico de Contabilidade na modalidade presencial (voltadas para a formação profissional); já as disciplinas ligadas a outras áreas do conhecimento, como: Administração, Economia e Direito (ligadas à formação básica), os alunos demonstraram interesse em cursá-las a distância. Verificou-se que há relação significativa entre a modalidade de ensino escolhida pelos estudantes para as disciplinas do eixo de formação básica, formação profissional e formação teórico-prática para alguns fatores motivacionais proporcionados pela experiência no ensino remoto. Os fatores motivacionais envolvem aspectos positivos, como: os discentes se sentem confortáveis com a estrutura do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem e o ensino online propicia autonomia em relação aos horários; os aspectos negativos, por sua vez, envolvem: a falta de interação entre professores e colegas no ensino remoto, a dificuldade de manter o foco e a concentração no decorrer das aulas e a procrastinação para realizar as atividades acadêmicas. Dentre as implicações, o estudo pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias, como a oferta de disciplinas a distância pelas instituições de ensino, visando reduzir a evasão e reter os estudantes no ensino superior em Contabilidade. Ademais, a pesquisa pode incentivar uma maior inclusão de práticas de ensino que se concentrem no desenvolvimento de competências digitais nos alunos.
Palavras-chave: Ensino remoto; Discentes; Ciências Contábeis.
CORRELATION BETWEEN MOTHERS EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ANDCHILDRENS ANXIETY IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY- AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Agarwal Nidhi , Anand Ashish , Sreenivasan Sruthy , Sharma Aakansha , K. Varun
Published: February 2025

Aim: Toassess the correlation between emotional intelligence of mother and the anxiety level of their children in a dental clinic.

Methods: The study was done on a sample size of 80 mothers and their childrenaged 3-7years.A self- reported validated questionnaire ,the Schutte Emotional Intelligence scale was given to mothers to evaluate theiremotional intelligence and the children were assessed during the dental treatment procedure using Frankl Behavior Rating Scaleand Venhams Anxiety Rating Scale.

Results: A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was found between mothers EQ and Frankl scale r = 0.468, (p=0.000). A statistically significant moderate negative correlation was found between mothers EQ and Venham scale r = 0.450,(p=0.000) .

Conclusion:The findings of this study imply that mothers with higher emotional intelligence have children with lower dental anxiety levels during dental treatment.
CORRELATION OF INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE MEASURED BY SCHIOTZ INDENTATION TONOMETER AND GOLDMANN APPLANATION TONOMETER
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, DBVP Rural Medical College, Loni., Revati Pravin Shinde , Chavan Waman ,   Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, DBVP Rural Medical College, Loni.
Published: February 2025

Aim: To study and correlate the Intraocular pressure measured by Schiotz indentation tonometer and Goldmann applanation tonometer.

Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional Analytical study was done in 200 eyes of 100 purposively selected patients and were subjected to two methods of tonometry - Goldmann applanation tonometry and Schiotz indentation tonometry in a period of 10 months from January 2024 to October 2024. Correlation between the two values was then observed and the agreement between the two was plotted on Bland Altman plot. Results- There was positive correlation found between the IOP measured by Schiotz indentation tonometer and Goldmann Applanation tonometer and there was no systematic difference found between the two on Bland Altman plot.

Conclusion: In conclusion, IOP readings using Schiotz indentation tonometer do correlate with Goldmann applanation tonometer. Hence, as being portable and relatively cost effective, Schiotz tonometer can be used in rural settings for baseline IOP measurement.
Water supply from groundwater: new solutions for a battered-and-bruised Ukraine
Authors: Sudakov Andrii , Pavlychenko Artem , Hapich Hennadii , Isakova Mariia , Shumov Andrii
Published: February 2025

We present improved technology for alternative water supplies for Ukraine during martial law and post-war reconstruction. Sugar-bonded gravel filters for well screens reduce the consumption of material and time for their transportation to the site, and avoid sanding and the formation of voids, thereby reducing hydraulic resistance. Our results facilitate on-site production of block gravel filters using sugar as a binding agent for fine-and-medium-grained sands that constitute the effective component of the filterblock. We explore the constraints on installing such a filter to depths as great as 200 m.
Modelling of SDN switch with OpenFlow protocol in AnyLogic
Authors:   Penza State University, A. Filippov Ilya , A. Volkov Valentin ,   Penza State University, I. Nikishin Kirill ,   Penza State University, I. Gurin Evgeny ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. Low flexibility and manageability of software control of network equipment is one of the problems of modern networks. In order to solve this problem, software-defined networks (SDN) are used, the main component of which is switch with OpenFlow protocol. The purpose of the study is to model a SDN switch with OpenFlow protocol in AnyLogic, in order to obtain the transmission characteristics of SDN, experimentally evaluate these characteristics. Materials and methods. The article considers the simulation model of SDN switch in AnyLogic. The main components of the switch, such as flow tables, rules of packet actions on the input and output ports of switch, control processor, switch queues are briefly described. The work of the scheme with SDN switch and OpenFlow protocol is debugged. Tests are performed, data are measured, and the advantages of the presented model are described. Results. The research analyses the processes of traffic management and network equipment configuration using OpenFlow protocol, builds a model and identifies potential areas of application and prospects for the development of this model in SDN. The results obtained can be used for optimization of SDN operation and development of effective methods of network traffic management. Conclusion. The model of SDN switch with OpenFlow protocol was considered. Positive and negative aspects of the model using OpenFlow protocol in SDN were revealed, and the decision to increase the network bandwidth to improve the efficiency of the model was demonstrated.
Bionics: estimation the number of code states of data exchange in the structure of microconsuming, high-dimensional, nature-like neurocomputers
Authors:   Penza Scientific Research Electrotechnical Institute, I. Ivanov Aleksandr , A. Malygina Elena ,   MIREA – Russian Technological University, I. Serikova Yuliya ,   Research and Production Enterprise “Rubin”, I. Ermakova Anna ,   Military Training Center, Penza State University, A. Guzhova Svetlana ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. At present, the interest of developers in neuromorphic calculations and the construction of artificial neurons that at least partially repeat the work of natural neurons of the simplest living organisms has increased. The objectives of the article are to evaluate the previously obtained data and to study the easily observable characteristics of microconsuming, high-dimensional, nature-like neurocomputers with their subsequent simplified projection into the structure of artificial neurons. Materials and methods. Methods of continuous-discrete information processing by natural and artificial neurons are used using neural network analogues of statistical criteria, as well as real data obtained in the study of neural network activity of living beings from the middle of the last century to the present. In the process of information processing analysis, special attention is paid to the transfer of data between natural neurons along long axons. It is proposed to consider natural neurons as a kind of impulse modem that encodes data transmitted via the axon to other natural neurons in the Q-ar system of neurocalculus. Results and conclusions. It was obtained that in all the previously recorded bursts of impulses in the axons of natural neurons, the maximum number of impulses is significantly greater than two. This is interpreted as the absence of binary natural neurons in living organisms. This thesis is supported by numerical simulations of binary and ternary artificial neurons. Binary artificial neurons are much worse than ternary artificial neurons in terms of information enrichment during its extraction and with an increase in entropy with neural network protection of knowledge. It is proposed to approximate the Q-arity of the neuronumber system used by the maximum number of impulses contained in the transmitted data pack of specific neurons, both natural and artificial neurons.
The Gini differential test for neural network analysis of small biometric data samples
Authors:   Penza State University, A. Guzhova Svetlana
Published: February 2025

Backgroud. Training of artificial neural networks in accordance with the algorithms for recognizing biometric patterns described in GOST R 52633.5-2011 should be performed on small samples. The research considers samples consisting of 16 and 64 experiments. Materials and methods. Shown for samples of 16 experiments, the chi-square test of 1900 gives unacceptable error probabilities. The classic 1941 Gini test gives error probabilities 29% higher than the chi-square test. Results and conclusions. The use of the proposed new differential version of the Gini test allows to obtain results in samples of 16 ex-periments approximately 9 times better than those of the chi-square test in samples of the same size. A variant of neural network use of classical and newly created criteria on their basis is considered. At the same time, the neural network use of 9 new statistical criteria makes it possible to reduce the probability of errors of the first and second types to a value of 0.031. If the worst-case test is replaced with the Gini differential test in this group, the probability of errors can be reduced to a value of 0.027.
Strapdown inertial navigation system based on micromechanical sensors as a part of tank guided missiles
Authors:   branch of the Military Academy of Logistics named after Army General A.V. Khrulev in Penza, N. Borisov Nikolay , Yu. Solodukhin Mikhail ,   The 3rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, I. Godunov Anatoly ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Backgroud. The implementation of automatic target capture on the trajectory and the subsequent transition to homing in tank guided missiles is one of the most urgent tasks aimed at increasing the range and accuracy of firing of guided weapons of the tank, which, in this case, is achieved not due to increasing the energy of the gun, but due to technical solutions invested in the design of the missile and onboard equipment of the tank. The use of free-form inertial navigation systems in tank guided missiles to solve guidance tasks will ensure the capture of the target before the launch of the rocket at the required ranges. The purpose is to estimate the effect of errors in measuring the coordinates of a guided missile using a free-form inertial navigation system during the guidance process on the final result using a statistical model of the dynamics of the guided missile with a free-form inertial navigation system as part of the control system. Materials and methods. The article discloses the structure of a statistical model of a guided rocket with a free-form inertial navigation system. The initial data is shown. The impact of statistical characteristics of primary information sensors on the accuracy of the free-form inertial navigation system was assessed. Results. The results of the simulation are given. The effectiveness of introducing a free-form inertial navigation system into the guided missile is shown, which realize the ability to ensure the capture of the target before the launch of the rocket. Conclusions. The use of a statistical model of the dynamics of a guided missile with a freeform inertial navigation system as part of the control system showed that the maximum spatial error of the free-form inertial navigation system in range is realized at “not zero” of the linear acceleration sensor and is 110 m (1.7% of the flight range), and “not zero” of the angular velocity sensor gives an error of 57m (0.9%).
A measurement installation for determining multi-element electrical circuit parameters
Authors:   Penza State University, V. Svetlov Anatoliy , S. Koldov Aleksandr ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. The purpose of the study is to develop a multifunction measurement installation to determine parameters of non-resonant and resonant electrical circuits. Materials and methods. The installation procedure is based on a combined measurement method, wherein the electrical parameters (inductance, capacitance, and resistance) of nonresonant electrical circuits are determined by analyzing the output voltage of the measuring circuit in the time domain, and those of resonant electrical circuits – in the frequency domain. Results. A block diagram for the measurement installation and calculated relationships to determine the electrical parameters of three- and four-element electrical circuits are presented. Conclusions. The likelihood of finding both non-resonant and resonant electrical circuit parameters using a single measurement installation is shown.
A leitura literária de discentes na biblioteca universitária da UERN
Authors:   , Santos Andréia Lourenço dos
Published: February 2025

A leitura de textos literários pode ser considerada uma das melhores formas para se trabalhar com a linguagem humana, em qualquer etapa do ensino formal. Muito se tem investigado sobre as práticas de leitura literária no ensino fundamental e médio, então, buscamos em nossa pesquisa resgatar a leituras de textos literários em universitários como forma de estimular sua criatividade, imaginação, abrir novos horizontes interpretativos e auxiliar o processo de entendimento de suas leituras técnicas e de sua capacidade cognitiva de expressão linguística oral e escrita. Para tal, evocamos a responsabilidade da Biblioteca Universitária como promotora de atividades culturais e intelectuais, em especiais às de leitura, para disseminar a Literatura para os futuros professores de qualquer área de ensino. Nossa pesquisa voltou-se para a análise da Biblioteca Universitária como local para promoção da prática da leitura literária. A pesquisa fundamenta-se nos estudos de Brito (2014, 2016), Milanesi (1983, 2013), Silva (1995, 1997, 1998, 2009), Souza (2005), Santos (2010), para entender a necessidade em se trabalhar com leitura na universidade coadunaremos com as visões de leitura de Silva (1995, 1997, 1998), Freire (1983), Chartier (1998, 2009), Pontes (2012), Pontes e Azevedo (2017) Santaella (2014), Colomer (2007), Manguel (2017), Jouve (212), entre outros. A pesquisa utilizou-se da abordagem qualitativa (BOGDAN e BIKLE, 2010), uma vez que nosso interesse foi analisar a realidade da leitura literária realizada por universitários, no contexto da biblioteca, buscando compreender os motivos de sua realização ou falta dela. Os sujeitos investigados foram os discentes dos cursos de licenciatura do Campus Central e os servidores da biblioteca central. Empregou-se a análise documental de fonte de dados primárias (GIL, 2002), buscando identificar o acervo disponível, bem como a quantidade de empréstimos de obras literárias realizada o ano de 2019; além da análise dos documentos oficiais que regem o funcionamento da biblioteca na IES. Para verificarmos a visão dos estudantes e dos servidores quanto a ser ou não um leitor, a percepção destes quanto à leitura literária na universidade e o papel da biblioteca nesse contexto, aplicamos um questionário abordando vários itens ligados à problemática analisada, constituído por perguntas de múltipla escolha e perguntas abertas destinadas a coletar as opiniões pessoais de cada um. Nossos achados mostram-se potencialmente positivos, uma vez que existem ações de incentivo à leitura literária sendo desenvolvidas pela biblioteca investigada; os discentes revelam-se abertos a realizarem mais esse tipo de leitura, sendo até mesmo incentivados por alguns docentes; muitos dos investigados mantêm em seu cotidiano práticas culturais e artísticas que podem ser aliadas da Literatura; bastando que haja, da parte da biblioteca a institucionalização, expansão e divulgação dos projetos de leitura, sejam de sua autoria ou em parcerias com os departamentos acadêmicos
Advances in Molecular Docking Techniques for Targeting Protein Misfolding in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Gupta Jeetendra Kumar , Narayan Shiv , Rani Ketki , Jain Divya , Porwal Prateek , Sharma Mukesh Chandra , Kumar Shivendra
Published: February 2025

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease,
represent a significant global health challenge with limited therapeutic options. Protein
misfolding and aggregation, a common pathological hallmark in these disorders, have emerged
as promising targets for therapeutic intervention. Molecular docking techniques have played a
pivotal role in the identification and design of small molecules that can modulate protein misfolding,
offering new hope for effective treatments. This review provides an overview of recent
advancements in molecular docking techniques for targeting protein misfolding in neurodegenerative
diseases. We discuss the principles and methodologies behind molecular docking, including
various scoring functions and algorithms employed for accurate ligand-protein interactions.
Additionally, we explore the use of molecular dynamics simulations and machine learning
approaches to enhance the precision of docking studies. Furthermore, we highlight case studies
and success stories where molecular docking has contributed to the discovery of potential drug
candidates for neurodegenerative diseases. These include compounds that inhibit amyloid-β aggregation
in Alzheimer’s disease, α-synuclein oligomerisation in Parkinson’s disease, and mutant
huntingtin aggregation in Huntington’s disease. We also discuss the problems and restrictions
of molecular docking related to neurodegenerative diseases, such as how to accurately
show the flexibility of proteins and why docking results need to be confirmed by experiments.
We also discuss the structural biology methods, such as cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray
crystallography, and how these techniques might help in improving molecular docking studies.
The Molecular Mechanism of a Complex1-Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Cells of the Esophagus
Authors: Liu Zhi-Qiang , luo Jun-rui , Yao Xin , wang Zhen-hui , hao Shuang-ying , Li Ming-Xue , Zhang Hong
Published: February 2025

Background:

Esophageal Cancer (EC) is a commonly occurring cancer of
the digestive tract. The bismuth compounds from thiosemicarbazones have been
observed to be active against cancer cells. However, a synthetic nine-coordinate
bismuth (III) complex (complex 1) has never been assessed so far for its anticancer in
the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line (EC109).

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the apoptosis effect of a complex1 in the
EC109 cells.

Methods:

EC109 cells were treated with complex1. The MTT assay was employed
to assess the viability of EC109 cells; the changes in apoptotic and morphological
characteristics, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial
membrane potential (MMP) were examined. The expression levels of proteins
associated with apoptosis were assessed using western blotting.

Results:

Complex1 was found to inhibit the growth of EC109 cells, exhibiting an IC50
of 0.654 μM through apoptosis depends upon complexation with bismuth(III). In
addition, cells exposed to complex1 exhibited a significant increase in the level of
intracellular ROS through the suppression of the antioxidant system and caused a
reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP). Co-treatment with N-acetyl-Lcysteine(
NAC), an antioxidant agent prevented accumulation of ROS and cell death.
Complex1 also led to enhanced Bax expression, and reduced Bcl-2 expression in
EC109 cells, thereby enhancing caspase-3/9 activity.

Conclusion:

Our study confirmed that complex1 induced apoptosis via enhancing the
generation of ROS along with a decline in levels of antioxidant enzymes, subsequently
causing MMP loss.
Insight into Controllable Preparation of Graphene Quantum Dots by Gaseous Detonation
Authors: Cheng Saiwei , He Chuang , Hu Yin , Lin Weijun , Xu Weikai , Liu Chang , Yan Honghao
Published: February 2025

Background:

The gaseous detonation method is a promising method for the rapid and
large-scale preparation of graphene quantum dots (GQDs). However, the relationship between detonation
parameters and the morphological and optical properties of GQDs remains unclear and needs
further investigation.

Methods:

This study systematically investigates the influence of detonation parameters—
specifically, the initial temperature, molar ratio of H2 to O2, and the amount of the precursor (benzoic
acid, BA)—on the morphological and optical properties of GQDs. An orthogonal experiment was
conducted with initial temperature, H2 to O2 molar ratio, the amount of BA as factors, and particle
size, crystallinity, and photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) as indicators.

Results:

Findings indicate that increasing the initial temperature and the molar ratio of H2 to O2
increases the particle size, crystallinity, and PLQY of the GQDs. In contrast, the amount of BA has
minimal influence on these properties. Additionally, detonation parameters had no significant effect
on the group types, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) emission
spectra of GQDs. The optimal preparation conditions are when the initial temperature T0 is 393.15
K, the molar ratio of H2 to O2 is 2:1, the amount of BA is 4 g, and the PLQY of the prepared GQDs
is maximized.

Conclusion:

By altering the detonation parameters, the particle size, crystallinity, and PLQY of
GQDs can be finely controlled. These findings are highly significant for achieving the controllable
preparation of GQDs while providing guidance for the industrial preparation of GQDs with controllable
morphologies and optical properties via gaseous detonation.

other:

Future work will focus on optimizing these parameters to maximize the efficiency and quality of GQD production and exploring the application potential of GQDs in various industrial fields.
1-Deoxynojirimycin Ameliorates Diabetic Liver Injury by Regulating AMPK/SIRT1 and Oxidative Stress in db/db Mice
Authors: Li Yao , Cao Yu , Tian Yun-Yuan , Chen Wen-Wen , Wang Juan , Zhang Meng-Meng , Wang Si-Wang , Xie Yan-Hua
Published: February 2025

Background:

Patients with diabetic liver injury are in the dilemma of lowering glucose
and protecting liver function. This study aimed to uncover the protective effect and mechanism of
1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ), an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, against diabetic liver injury.

Methods:

The db/db mice were gavaged with 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg of 1-DNJ for 8
weeks. At the end of the administration, the serum and liver were isolated for further detection.
The biochemical indices including TC, TG, LDL-C, AST, ALT, and TBiL were detected in
serum. The livers were further analyzed with H&E, oil red, and Masson staining, and the amount
of ROS in the liver was detected with probe dihydroethidium. Western blot was used to analyze
the levels of proteins involved in fibrosis, oxidative stress, and AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway
in the liver.

Results:

1-DNJ administration reduced body weight, liver coefficient, and TC, TG, LDL-C, AST,
ALT, and TBiL in db/db mice. H&E and oil red staining showed that 1-DNJ ameliorated hepatocellular
ballooning degeneration and lipid deposition in the liver. Moreover, 1-DNJ reduced the hepatic
collagen fiber deposition and the protein expression of α-SMA and Collagen I. Further assays
revealed that 1-DNJ treatment reduced the ROS level, up-regulated the proteins expression of
SOD2, HO-1, NQO-1, p-AMPK/AMPK, p-ACC/ACC, and SIRT1 proteins, and down-regulated
the expression of SREBP-1 and SCD-1 proteins in the liver.

Conclusion:

1-DNJ improves liver function, lipid deposition, and fibrosis of diabetic liver injury
in db/db mice by regulating the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway to improve glucose-lipid metabolism and
oxidative stress.
An Integrated PneumoNet Model for the Early Detection of Pneumonic Lungs in Chest X-ray Radiographs using Pre-trained Xception, VGG16, and VGG19
Authors: Sharma Shagun , Guleria Kalpna , Dogra Ayush
Published: February 2025

Background:

Pneumonia is a respiratory infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both
lungs, potentially filling them with fluid. This condition leads to symptoms, such as cough with
phlegm, fever, and difficulty in breathing. The accuracy of pneumonia detection via chest X-ray
interpretation is heavily reliant on the experience and expertise of radiologists. In low-resource areas,
the absence of radiologists and advanced diagnostic facilities hampers the timely and accurate diagnosis
of pneumonia.

Methods:

This work proposes the use of deep learning models for efficient feature extraction and
classification in the early prediction of pneumonia from chest X-ray images. This work employs
convolutional neural networks (CNN) and four pre-trained models, MobileNetV2, VGG16, VGG19,
and Xception. The performance of each model was evaluated, and the top-performing models, namely,
Xception, VGG16, and VGG19, were combined to form an integrated model named PneumoNet,
which was configured with 20 epochs, a batch size of 32, and a learning rate of 0.01.

Results:

The integrated PneumoNet model demonstrated improved performance in the early prediction
of pneumonia. The model achieved significant enhancements in accuracy, precision, recall, F1-
score, and loss values. Specifically, the model reached 100% accuracy, 1.00 precision, 1.00 recall,
1.00 F1-score, and a loss value of 1.32E-21.

Conclusion:

The implementation of the PneumoNet model has identified the most prominent outcomes
for the early prediction of pneumonia in chest X-ray images. The configuration and optimization
of the model have resulted in superior performance metrics, addressing the limitations of traditional
diagnostic methods, particularly in low-resource environments.
The Use of Hypoxic Therapy for the Treatment of Epilepsy
Authors: Kiian Oleksandr
Published: February 2025

Epilepsy is one of the most common and dangerous diseases in the world. The complexity of the etiology of this disease leads, in many cases, to the ineffectiveness of treatment protocols. The presence of a hypoxic factor in the pathogenesis of epilepsy as a leading factor in brain cell damage has allowed scientists to propose preventive hypoxic preconditioning of patients with epilepsy as an additional approach.
The aim of stady is to substantiate the feasibility of using hypoxytherapy to alleviate the condition of patients with epilepsy.
Materials and methods. We searched PubMed, Clinical Key Elsevier, and Google Scholar databases and analyzed scientific publications covering the problem of hypoxia use in the treatment of epileptic patients.
Results. Hypoxic preconditioning activates transcription factors, particularly hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which triggers a cascade of adaptive responses that help protect the body from the subsequent action of a more powerful stressor of the same or different nature. Hypoxia therapy for epileptic patients reduces the frequency, duration, and severity of epileptic seizures due to the over-adaptation of brain cells to hypoxic conditions that accompany the initiation and development of epileptic states. However, the presence of a hypoxic component in the etiology of epilepsy makes the use of hypoxia therapy problematic given the danger of provoking epileptic states in patients with hypoxic cycles. However, the significant differences between therapeutic and pathological oxygen concentrations in the gas-air mixture for therapeutic breathing allow us to recommend this method as safe for treating patients with epilepsy.
Conclusions. Hypoxic therapy is a practical, evidence-based approach to the treatment of epileptic patients, provided that therapeutic regimens are strictly followed and patients are monitored.
Testing the Birth APP: a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Ängeby Karin , Johansson Margareta , Børøsund Elin , Varsi Cecilie , Iwaya Leonardo Horn , Nordin Anna
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Early labor is often managed at home without professional support. The Birth APP is a mHealth application designed to support women during early labor. A pilot-study revealed that women found the app's exercises simple, understandable, and useful. The app was perceived as useful and appreciated by women, although areas for improvement were identified, primarily related to technical issues. During the development and test period the updated app was tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT).

OBJECTIVE

To investigate whether women using the Birth APP during pregnancy and childbirth experience less distress during early labor compared to those receiving standard antenatal care.

METHODS

This RCT used online recruiting in a non-blinded three-part blended care model with 1:1:1 randomization. Group 1: Birth APP intervention. Group 2: Birth APP Plus, combining the app with in-person additional midwifery contacts. Group 3: Control group receiving standard antenatal care.

Pregnant nulliparous women were invited via social media. Eligibility criteria were: nulliparity, planning a vaginal birth, from gestational week 25+0 to 35+6 weeks, proficiency to understand Swedish, and having access to a smartphone or tablet.

RESULTS

A total of 391 women completed the baseline questionnaire, and 334 women responded to the questionnaire 1 month postpartum, yielding a response rate of 85.4%. Most participants experienced a spontaneous onset of labor across all groups, with no significant statistical differences. Women in the intervention groups remained at home longer during early labor, with a mean of 16.76 hours (SD 20.45) for group 1, and 14.47 hours (SD 16.82) for group 2 compared to 12.90 hours (SD 15.99) for group 3 (control), although this difference was not statistically significant. For the primary outcome, emotional distress in early labor, only women with spontaneous onset of labor were included in the analysis. The primary outcome showed similar mean values across groups. No statistically significant differences were identified for any of the secondary outcomes (childbirth experience, pain-relief and support from partner). However, when assessing fear of future birth, the intervention groups had lower mean values than the control group and pairwise testing revealed a statistically significant difference for both intervention groups (p-value .002 and < .001) with a medium effect size from baseline to follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results indicate that the Birth APP, in conjunction with additional midwifery support, can serve as a valuable tool for pregnant women and their partners, during pregnancy and childbirth. The observed reduction in fear of forthcoming childbirth associated with the Birth APP warrants further investigation.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov (ref. no. NCT05122390).
ChatGPT vs. DeepSeek: A Comparative Analysis of AI Models for Breast Cancer Information Retrieval (Preprint)
Authors: Hajjo Rima , Sabbah Dima A. , Bardaweel Sanaa K.
Published: February 2025

UNSTRUCTURED

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized biomedicine, driving advancements in diagnostics, treatment, and medical data management. Breast cancer, a significant global health challenge, highlights the need for accessible and reliable medical information. AI platforms like ChatGPT-4.0 and DeepSeek-V3 have become essential tools for delivering curated medical insights. This study compared ChatGPT-4.0 and DeepSeek-V3 in retrieving and presenting medical information, focusing on readability, content quality, and reliability of information sources. Using Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and a 7-point Likert scale, the analysis revealed that AI models often produce simpler responses than expert references, improving accessibility but risking oversimplification. ChatGPT demonstrated greater consistency and improved readability in multi-response scenarios, excelling in clarity and depth, while DeepSeek aligned more closely with expert reference readability in single-instance analysis but showed higher variability. DeepSeek excelled in citation efficiency and global reference diversity, but faced challenges like untagged links, corrupted references, and occasional downtime. Despite these differences, statistical analysis showed no significant differences between the models, particularly in larger datasets. Both models provided reliable information, but no single model consistently matched expert content across all questions. The findings reveal that no single AI model consistently matches expert content across all questions, emphasizing the need for careful evaluation to ensure AI-generated information meets diverse user needs. Future improvements should focus on enhancing link accessibility, platform stability, and response consistency to optimize AI-generated medical content for healthcare applications.
Dampak Pengembangan Kebiajakan Anugerah Desa Wisata Indonesia (ADWI) terhadap Pertumbuhan Industri Pariwisata dan Perekonomian Masyarakat Lokal
Authors: Putra Fabio Esa
Published: February 2025

Tourism is an important sector for the Indonesian economy, and the country is well-equipped to make tourism a leading industry that can compete on the global stage. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the tourism industry in Indonesia. To revive the industry and attract more tourists, the Ministry of Tourism created Anugrah Desa Wisata Indonesia (ADWI), an award given to outstanding tourist villages that meet certain assessment criteria. This initiative is expected to boost tourism and promote economic growth in local communities.This research aims to examine the impact of the ADWI policy on the development of the tourism industry and the local economy. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected from interviews, observations, and other supporting documents. The results indicate that the ADWI policy has had a significant impact on the tourism industry, as evidenced by the development of supporting infrastructure, an increase in the number of visitors, and income generated from tourist attractions. However, while there have been more business and job opportunities, the impact on the local economy has not been significant.
Upaya Dinas Pariwisata dalam Meningkatkan Resiliensi Pengrajin Reyog di Kabupaten Ponorogo
Authors: Nurfaidah Galuh Diah Salsa , Nasution Robby Darwis , Hilman Yusuf Adam , Ridho Irvan Nur
Published: February 2025

The aim of this research is to determine the Tourism Department's efforts to increase the resilience of reog craftsmen in Ponorogo Regency. This research is qualitative research. Data collection techniques in research are observation, interviews, and documentation, with data analysis using data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research first show that the efforts made by the government of the Ponorogo Tourism Office to help craftsmen are by promoting their products both locally and internationally. Second, the government helps craftsmen to obtain business permits and collaborates with PKK members to support each other's businesses. Third, promote through social media to increase the economic income of craftsmen. Fourth, to strengthen increased resilience, the Ponorogo Regency Tourism Office carries out networking activities (collaborating with other people), namely establishing collaboration with other regions through participation in arts and crafts exhibitions and involving the younger generation. Researchers put forward several recommendations which can later be used as a reference, including holding exhibitions of works involving the younger generation. This is one of the efforts to make Reyog Ponorogo art more sustainable.
The Problem and Countermeasure of Party Branch leading Cooperative—A Case on A Rural Tourism Cooperative Led by Party Branch in B Village of Shandong Province
Authors: Wei Yuxin
Published: February 2025

Taking the typical rural tourism cooperative led by the Party branch in B village of Shandong Province as an example, this paper discusses the causes, concrete practices, practical effects and existing problems of the party branch led rural tourism cooperative through case analysis with exploratory empirical research method. Research shows that: First, the motivation of the establishment of the cooperative led by the Party branch lies in the weakening and marginalization of the party branch, the decline of the industry and the collective poverty, and the weak collective consciousness of the villagers. Second, the party branch to lead the cooperative needs the village Party branch to raise energy and empower, integrate resources in the form of internal source and external transmission, and combine “internet +”intelligent management. Third, the party branch leads the cooperative to enhance the power of the party branch, industrial development file upgrade, community consciousness return. Research suggests that: In the new era, the party branch leads the cooperatives to promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, reorganize farmers and self-organize them, reconstruct the rural governance pattern and build a harmonious rural society. Its rise has realistic necessity and rationality.
Exploring the Code of Rural Talent Attraction: A Configurational Study on the Influencing Factors of College Graduates' Willingness to Work in Rural Areas—Based on the Survey in City S and Analysis Using the fsQCA Method
Authors: Wang Linqi , Zhang Yaozhong , Fu Jiashen
Published: February 2025

In light of the current situation where college graduates face employment difficulties and rural areas suffer from a shortage of talent, leading to slow development, and by integrating social cognitive theory, a ternary framework and research model for college graduates' willingness to work in rural areas have been constructed. Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, the differential impact of various factors on the willingness of college graduates from City S to work in rural areas was studied. The research indicates that the willingness of college graduates to work in rural areas is influenced by multiple concurrent factors, yet these factors converge in different ways, and there exists an asymmetric nature of causality. The antecedent conditions leading to high willingness outcomes are not consistent with those leading to low willingness. Furthermore, the research reveals the sufficient and necessary conditions influencing the willingness of college graduates to work in rural areas. In addition, the study identifies two configurations each for high and low willingness groups, namely, high ability + resource-driven type, policy-led type, external deficiency type, and internal-external linkage deficiency type.