bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PORTFOLIO MODEL UNDER FRACTAL MARKET BASED ON MEAN-DCCA
Authors: CHUN WEIDE , LI HESEN , WU XU
Published: August 2020

Under the realistic background that the capital market nowadays is a fractal market, this paper embeds the detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA) into the return-risk criterion to construct a Mean-DCCA portfolio model, and gives an analytical solution. Based on this, the validity of Mean-DCCA portfolio model is verified by empirical analysis. Compared to the mean-variance portfolio model, the Mean-DCCA portfolio model is more conducive for investors to build a sophisticated investment portfolio under multi-time-scale, improve the performance of portfolios, and overcome the defect that the mean-variance portfolio model has not considered the existence of fractal correlation characteristics between assets.
MACLAURIN SERIES METHOD FOR FRACTAL DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE MODELS ARISING IN COUPLED NONLINEAR OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES
Authors: KHAN YASIR
Published: August 2020

Fractal Calculus is designed to reveal the study of waves. Most of the waves are very grim to model correctly. Fractal representation of waves helps to better understand complex wave phenomena. In this paper, a Maclaurin series method (MSM) is proposed to obtain the exact and approximate solutions of fractal nonlinear differential-difference models produced by coupled nonlinear optical waveguides. The method is very simple, easy to understand, and minimizes calculation compared to existing approximate methods.
THERMAL ENERGY CHARGING IMPROVEMENT OF A LATENT THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM VIA FRACTAL-BRANCHED FINS
Authors: DENG ZILONG , ZHANG XUAN , ZHANG YAN , JIANG SHUSEN , YU CHENG
Published: August 2020

The current study achieves a melting improvement of the latent thermal energy storage (LTES) system using fractal-branched fins (i.e., Y-type and T-type fins). A transient melting model with free convection in LTES systems is developed and numerically simulated with the enthalpy-porosity method. The effects of branched fins on the melting performance are discussed and compared to the traditional plate fin with emphasis on the roles of fin parameters. Besides, the optimized configuration is obtained by the response surface methodology (RSM) in terms of the total charging time. The results indicate that the branched fin expedites the melting process, especially for the T-type branched fin. Due to a more desirable fin layout, the LTES system using T-type branched fins presents a more uniform temperature field and faster melting rate, manifesting as the reduced total melting time by 5.6% compared to the Y-type branches. The melting process includes the pre-heat conduction dominated, free convection dominated, and post-heat conduction dominated stages. A T-type branched fin with moderate branch level ([Formula: see text], larger length index ([Formula: see text], and lower width fractal dimension ([Formula: see text] is favorable for the coordinated enhancement of heat convection and conduction. The RSM optimization implies the length index and branch level play more remarkable roles than the width fractal dimension in melting enhancement. To maximize the charging efficiency of LTES systems, the optimal parameters of T-type fin are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], which shortens the total charging time by 52.9% compared to the traditional plate fin.
RADIOGRAPHIC OUTCOMES OF ANTERIOR CERVICAL DISCECTOMY AND FUSION SURGERY BY USING CUSHIONED TITANIUM CAGE
Authors: Liu Jung-Tung , Chen Se-Yi , Su Cheng-Hsing , Yang Tsung-Hsi
Published: August 2020

Purpose: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is considered as a standard procedure for treating cervical degenerative disc disease. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the radiographic outcome of using a novel cushion titanium cage (Baui Z-Brace Dynamic Fusion Cage). Methods: Fifty-seven patients who received either single-, double-, or three-level interbody fusion surgeries were enrolled. Data from initial status after surgery and postoperative follow-ups for five years were obtained. The patients were divided into three groups according to different levels of cage implantation: 1-level ([Formula: see text]), 2-level ([Formula: see text]), and 3-level ([Formula: see text]). Follow-up time and fusion rate of radiographs were subjected to evaluation. Results: The lateral view of plain radiographs manifests no evident cage subsidence ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm) and dislodgment in 1-, 2-, and 3-level cage implantation. The follow-up time is three years in 1-level and two years in 2- and 3-level. The CT scans at the final follow-up among different levels of cage implantation manifested bony fusion. The measurement of the Hounsfield unit indicates the bone growth inside the cage compared with control case, demonstrating solid bony fusion among groups at the final follow-up. Conclusions: The data confirm that the specialized Z-shaped structure of the cushion titanium cage may provide the interfragmentary motion stimulating innate bony fusion for sustained improvement.
Uniform attractors for a class of stochastic evolution equations with multiplicative fractional noise
Authors: Zeng Caibin , Lin Xiaofang , Cui Hongyong
Published: August 2020

This paper studies the (random) uniform attractor for a class of non-autonomous stochastic evolution equations driven by a time-periodic forcing and multiplicative fractional noise with Hurst parameter bigger than 1/2. We first establish the existence and uniqueness results for the solution to the considered equation and show that the solution generates a jointly continuous non-autonomous random dynamical system (NRDS). Moreover, we prove the existence of the uniform attractor for this NRDS through stopping time technique. Particularly, a compact uniformly absorbing set is constructed under a smallness condition imposed on the fractional noise.
2-Local derivations on the W-algebra W(2,2)
Authors: Tang Xiaomin
Published: August 2020

This paper is devoted to study 2-local derivations on [Formula: see text]-algebra [Formula: see text] which is an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra with some outer derivations. We prove that all 2-local derivations on the [Formula: see text]-algebra [Formula: see text] are derivations. We also give a complete classification of the 2-local derivation on the so-called thin Lie algebra and prove that it admits many 2-local derivations which are not derivations.
A connection between the number of subgroups and the order of a finite group
Authors: Lazorec Mihai-Silviu
Published: August 2020

For a finite group [Formula: see text], we associate the quantity [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the subgroup lattice of [Formula: see text]. Different properties and problems related to this ratio are studied throughout this paper. We determine the second minimum value of [Formula: see text] on the class of [Formula: see text]-groups of order [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is an integer. We show that the set containing the quantities [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a finite (abelian) group, is dense in [Formula: see text] Finally, we consider [Formula: see text] to be a function on [Formula: see text] and we indicate some of its properties, the main result being the classification of finite abelian [Formula: see text]-groups [Formula: see text] satisfying [Formula: see text]
Influence of the go-based semantic similarity measures in multi-objective gene clustering algorithm performance
Authors: Parraga-Alava Jorge , Inostroza-Ponta Mario
Published: August 2020

Using a prior biological knowledge of relationships and genetic functions for gene similarity, from repository such as the Gene Ontology (GO), has shown good results in multi-objective gene clustering algorithms. In this scenario and to obtain useful clustering results, it would be helpful to know which measure of biological similarity between genes should be employed to yield meaningful clusters that have both similar expression patterns (co-expression) and biological homogeneity. In this paper, we studied the influence of the four most used GO-based semantic similarity measures in the performance of a multi-objective gene clustering algorithm. We used four publicly available datasets and carried out comparative studies based on performance metrics for the multi-objective optimization field and clustering performance indexes. In most of the cases, using Jiang–Conrath and Wang similarities stand in terms of multi-objective metrics. In clustering properties, Resnik similarity allows to achieve the best values of compactness and separation and therefore of co-expression of groups of genes. Meanwhile, in biological homogeneity, the Wang similarity reports greater number of significant GO terms. However, statistical, visual, and biological significance tests showed that none of the GO-based semantic similarity measures stand out above the rest in order to significantly improve the performance of the multi-objective gene clustering algorithm.
Comparison of Kristjansson Respiratory Score and Wang Respiratory Score in infants with bronchiolitis in a hospital emergency department
Authors: Pinto Frederico Ramos , Correia-Costa Liane , Azevedo Inês
Published: August 2020

Objective: Several respiratory scores have been created to evaluate bronchiolitis’ severity level, but it is still not clear which is the best score. The aim of this study is to compare the Wang Respiratory Score (WRS) and the Kristjansson Respiratory Score (KRS) in the setting of an emergency room.

Methods: We performed a prospective observational study with 60 infants with bronchiolitis admitted to a paediatric emergency department. For both scores, we assessed inter-rater reliability between two different health professionals (physician and physiotherapist), internal consistency, and correlation with SpO2 testing the intraclass-correlation coefficient (ICC), weighted kappa, Cronbach [Formula: see text] coefficient and Spearman tests, respectively.

Results: The inter-rater reliability was higher in KRS (ICC 0.79) and the Cronbach [Formula: see text] and weighted kappa had similar values in KRS versus WRS. The correlation between the KRS/WRS and SpO2 was poor/moderate upon admission and discharge for the first observer and the second observer.

Conclusions: While the internal consistency was similar in both scores, inter-rater reliability of KRS was higher than WRS, which allows us to conclude that it would have more consistent results when used to assess bronchiolitis’ level of severity by health personnel in a busy hospital emergency room.
EFFICACIOUSLY SMUGGLING IDEAS: UNTANGLING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY, CREATIVE BOOTLEGGING AND EMBEDDED LEAD USERS
Authors: GHASEMZADEH KHATEREH , BUNJAK ALDIJANA , BORTOLUZZI GUIDO , ČERNE MATEJ
Published: August 2020

The phenomenon of embedded lead userness has gained considerable attention in the past years. This study examines the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and embedded lead userness when mediated by creative bootlegging. After analysing the data collected from 554 employees in 41 Italian and Croatian firms, our study unveils that entrepreneurial self-efficacy exerts a positive impact on embedded lead userness when mediated by creative bootlegging. Consistent with research on identity work, these results suggest that employees who show self-motivation and conviction in entrepreneurial activities tend to commit to unofficial innovation projects, which in turn, makes them act as lead users of the products and services. The study’s contributions and practical implications are also discussed.
Kinetics of Swelling of Cylindrical Temperature-Responsive Hydrogel: A Semi-Analytical Study
Authors: Namdar Amir Hossein , Mazaheri Hashem
Published: August 2020

Cylindrical hydrogels have a wide variety of applications, especially in microfluidics as micro-valves, micro-mixers, and micro-lenses. Main advantages of them can be mentioned as their simple geometry and autonomous functionality due to their responses to the environmental stimuli. In current research, kinetics of swelling, shrinking and force generation of cylindrical temperature-responsive hydrogels have been investigated analytically. According to this, models of fluid permeation and large deformation of the hydrogels were considered and an analytical solution was performed. In order to study the behavior of the cylindrical hydrogels, the temperature is changed between higher and lower of the phase transition temperatures, and kinetics of the swelling and shrinking of the hydrogel have been studied and the distribution of stresses, stretches, water concentration and chemical potential are presented throughout the process. In addition, to investigate the behavior of the actuators, the cylindrical hydrogel is placed inside a hollow permeable pillar and the pressure of the hydrogel which puts on the pillar is studied. Ultimately, a comprehensive study on the effects of different parameters, namely, amount of temperature change, cross-link density and geometry, is conducted and the results are presented, which can be utilized in the design procedures of such actuators.
The Coupling Effect of Surface Effect and Chemical Diffusion in Lithium-Ion Battery with Spherical Nanoparticle Electrodes
Authors: Jia Ning , Peng Zhilong , Yang Yazheng , Yao Yin , Chen Shaohua
Published: August 2020

Many experiments have well found that the lifespan of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries can be effectively improved by nanoscale structured electrodes. In order to investigate the coupling mechanical and chemical mechanism underlying the superior performance of nanoscale structured electrodes, an alternative diffusion-stress coupling model considering the surface effect of nanomaterials is proposed. The diffusion effect is included in the linearly elastic constitutive relationship, while the diffusion process is conversely mediated by the stress field. The surface effect of nanomaterials is characterized by a surface-induced traction depending on the bulk surface energy density and surface relaxation parameter. Both the displacement field and the stress field in a typically nanoparticle structured electrode are analyzed. Theoretical predictions show that when the surface effect is considered, both the diffusion-induced radial expansion and the tensile stress are obviously smaller than the classical counterparts, which are attributed to the surface-induced traction analogous to a hydrostatic pressure on the surface of nanoparticles. Furthermore, both the diffusion-induced radial expansion and the tensile stress depend on the particle size, both of which decrease with a decreasing radius of nanoparticles. The present results may not only provide a reasonable explanation for the superior performance of Li-ion batteries with nanoscale structured electrodes but also be helpful for the optimal design of high performance batteries.
SRIM and SCRIM factors of xn + 1 over finite fields and their applications
Authors: Boripan Arunwan , Jitman Somphong
Published: August 2020

Self-Reciprocal Irreducible Monic (SRIM) and Self-Conjugate-Reciprocal Irreducible Monic (SCRIM) factors of [Formula: see text] over finite fields have become of interest due to their rich algebraic structures and wide applications. In this paper, these notions are extended to factors of [Formula: see text] over finite fields. Characterization and enumeration of SRIM and SCRIM factors of [Formula: see text] over finite fields are established. Simplification and recessive formulas for the number of such factors are given. Finally, applications in the study of complementary negacyclic codes are discussed.
Bounds for the Remainder in Simpson’s Inequality vian-Polynomial Convex Functions of Higher Order Using Katugampola Fractional Integrals
Authors: Chu Yu-Ming , Awan Muhammad Uzair , Javad Muhammad Zakria , Khan Awais Gul
Published: August 2020

The goal of this paper is to derive some new variants of Simpson’s inequality using the class ofn-polynomial convex functions of higher order. To obtain the main results of the paper, we first derive a new generalized fractional integral identity utilizing the concepts of Katugampola fractional integrals. This new fractional integral identity will serve as an auxiliary result in the development of the main results of this paper.
The Postural Stability Measures Most Related to Aging, Physical Performance, and Cognitive Function in Healthy Adults
Authors: Alsubaie Saud F.
Published: August 2020

Background. Different measures have been used to quantify body balance; some of which use technology to measure postural sway, others are physical performance or self‐reported. However, there is little information on the best postural sway measures associated with aging, physical performance, and cognitive function measures. Objective. To evaluate the relationship between postural sway measures and aging, physical performance, and cognitive function measures. Methods. A total of 51 subjects (53% female, mean age 53.2 ± 21 years) participated in this cross‐sectional study. The participants completed the Activities‐specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale questionnaire, the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test, and gait speed. Afterward, the participants performed 8 balance exercises, and their postural sway was measured using a force plate. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between the study variables. Results. Age was negatively associated with cognitive function, gait speed, ABC scores, and FGA scores. In addition, cognitive ability was associated positively with ABC scores (r = 0.38, p ≤ 0.01). Age, FGA scores, and gait speed were significantly associated with the postural sway of the AP direction in some exercises and in all exercises in the ML directions (p < 0.05). The cognitive function and ABC scores were significantly associated with only postural sway measures in the ML direction (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The postural sway measures in the lateral direction had more and stronger associations with age, physical performance, and cognitive function measures compared to those in the AP direction.
Identification and Characterization of Copy Number‐Associated Driver Genes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Kexin , He Yijiang , Zhang Xu
Published: August 2020

Background. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a leading malignancy with both high incidence and mortality worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms of the poor prognosis in ESCC are still unclear. Methods. We conducted differential expression analysis between ESCC and normal tissues and between ESCC samples with and without CNAs in a given gene. Overrepresentation enrichment and gene set enrichment analyses were used to identify the oncogenic pathways and abnormal transcription factors (TFs). The survival analysis was employed to identify the genes associated with overall survival. Results. In this study, we aimed to identify and interpret the driver genes triggered by the copy number alterations (CNAs), including CCND1, TEAD4, EIF4EBP1, EGFR, FGFR3, and FZD6. Furthermore, we identified oncogenic pathways, including RTK‐RAS, WNT, PI3K, Hippo, and cell cycle, and key TFs including TEAD4, a transcription factor in the Hippo signaling pathway, and LEF1 in the WNT signaling pathway. Furthermore, we observed that upregulations of FGFR3 and EIF4EBP1 were significantly associated with shorter overall survival in ESCC. Conclusion. In conclusion, the driver genes triggered by CNAs not only exhibited critical functionality but also were clinically relevant in ESCC, which greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms in ESCC.
Review of the Geological Strength Index (GSI) as an Empirical Classification and Rock Mass Property Estimation Tool: Origination, Modifications, Applications, and Limitations
Authors: Hussian Sajjad , Mohammad Noor , Ur Rehman Zahid , Khan Naseer Muhammad , Shahzada Khan , Ali Sarfraz , Tahir Muhammad , Raza Salim , Sherin Saira
Published: August 2020

The geological strength index (GSI) is one of the most exceptional rock mass classification system which is used to evaluate very weak and highly jointed rock mass by different approaches and related to rock mass geomechanical properties including generalized Hoek & Brown constants, deformation modulus, strength properties, and Poisson’s ratio for an appropriate design of tunnels, caverns, and other engineering structures. The distinctiveness of this system over the rock mass rating (RMR), Q‐system, and other empirical methods is as follows: it utilized field observations, blockiness of rock mass, and surface joint characteristics during the evaluation process of rock mass and efficiently espoused as an empirical tool for estimation of geomechanical properties of rock mass required for pre‐post stability of engineering structures using numerical modeling. This study presents the review of the 19 years of research studies conducted by different researchers about the GSI in a systematic way, i.e., origination, modifications, applications, and limitations. Furthermore, this study will provide a better understanding to field professionals (geologists, mining and civil engineers) about the qualitative and quantitative estimation of the GSI and its application as an empirical estimating tool for an appropriate design of engineering structures in rock mass environments.
Analysis of Cubic Boron Nitride Single Crystal Defects Growth under High Temperature and High Pressure
Authors: Cai Lichao , Xu Bin , Lv Meizhe , Jia Feng , Yuan Xingdong
Published: August 2020

Cubic boron nitride (cBN) single crystals are synthesized under high temperature and high pressure in the Li-based system. The growth defects on hexagonal and triangular (111) surfaces of cBN single crystals after rapid cooling are discussed systemically for the first time using the atomic force microscope. Some impurity particles, triangle cone hole defects, lamellar-fault structures, and big steps are obvious on the surfaces of cBN single crystals. The formation mechanism of these defects is analyzed briefly at the synthetic process of cBN single crystals, and the growth mechanism of cBN single crystals transform from the two-dimensional growth to dislocation growth mechanism under high temperature and high pressure.
MiR‐374b‐5p Regulates T Cell Differentiation and Is Associated with rEg.P29 Immunity
Authors: Li Dongjie , Du Xiancai , Zhu Mingxing , Yang Songhao , Zhao Wei
Published: August 2020

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus (Eg) infection. Our previous study confirmed that recombinant Eg.P29 (rEg.P29) could protect against echinococcus granulosus secondary infection in sheep and mice. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between immunoprotection of rEg.P29 vaccine and mmu‐miR‐374b‐5p (miR‐374b‐5p) and study the immunity influence of miR‐374b‐5p on CD4+ T cells in mice spleen. MiR‐374b‐5p level was significantly increased after the second‐week and the fourth week of vaccination with rEg.P29. Overexpression of miR‐374b‐5p increased IFN‐γ, IL‐2, IL‐17A mRNA levels and decreased IL‐10 mRNA levels in CD4+ T cells. Moreover, the inhibition of miR‐374b‐5p decreased IFN‐γ and IL‐17A and increased IL‐10 mRNA levels in CD4+ T cells; this was further confirmed by the flow cytometry. The vaccination of rEg.P29 enhanced miR‐374b‐5p expression that was associated with a higher Th1 and Th17 immune response, a lower IL‐10 mRNA production with miR‐374b‐5p overexpression, a lower Th1 immune response, and a higher IL‐10 mRNA levels with miR‐374b‐5p inhibitions. To sum up, these data suggest that miR‐374b‐5p may participate in rEg.P29 immunity by regulating Th1 and Th17 differentiation.
Limiting Behavior of the Partial Sum for Negatively Superadditive Dependent Random Vectors in Hilbert Space
Authors: Ko Mi-Hwa
Published: August 2020

In this paper, We study the complete convergence and Lp- convergence for the maximum of the partial sum of negatively superadditive dependent random vectors in Hilbert space. The results extend the corresponding ones of Ko (Ko, 2020) to H-valued negatively superadditive dependent random vectors.
Personalidade e decisão financeira: um estudo com jovens do Exército Brasileiro
Authors: Martelo João Rafael , Favero Eveline , Souza Junior Wagner Dantas de
Published: August 2020

Este estudo analisa a relação entre traços de personalidade, valores humanos e características socioeconômicas nas escolhas intertemporais financeiras de jovens do Exército Brasileiro. Por meio de levantamento, participaram 218 jovens do serviço militar obrigatório de Cascavel-PR. Os resultados sugerem que, na média, jovens adultos demonstram maior paciência à impaciência financeira em suas escolhas intertemporais financeiras. Muitos jovens não apresentaram modelos de desconto intertemporal. A correlação de Pearson revelou associação significativa entre traços de personalidade de abertura, conscienciosidade e extroversão; valores humanos básicos como de realização, suprapessoal, existencial e interacional; e características socioeconômicas como o grau de escolaridade da mãe, estado civil, renda familiar, ambiente de criação e tamanho do município de origem. Estes resultados sugerem que fatores emocionais ou contextuais afetam as escolhas intertemporais financeiras de jovens adultos e podem influenciar por heurísticas afetivas o processamento de informações e a tomada de decisão individual.
Familial Risk for Moyamoya Disease Among First-Degree Relatives, Based on a Population-Based Aggregation Study in Korea
Authors: Ahn Hyeong Sik , Kazmi Sayada Zartasha , Kang Taeuk , Kim Dong-Sook , Ryu Taekyun , Oh Jae Sang , Hann Hoo Jae , Kim Hyun Jung
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose:

Genetic factors have been known to play a role in the etiology of moyamoya disease (MMD); however, population-level studies quantifying familial risk estimates are unavailable. We aimed to quantify familial incidence and risk for MMD in first-degree relatives (FDR) in the general population of Korea.

Methods:

By using the Korean National Health Insurance database which has complete population coverage and confirmed FDR information, we constructed a cohort of 21 940 795 study subjects constituting 12 million families with blood-related FDR and followed them for a familial occurrence of MMD from 2002 to 2017. Incidence risk ratios were calculated as MMD incidence in individuals with affected FDR compared with those without affected FDR, according to age, sex, and family relationships.

Results:

Among total study subjects, there were 22 459 individuals with affected FDR, of whom 712 familial cases developed MMD with an incidence of 21.8/10
4
person-years. Overall, the familial risk for MMD was 132-fold higher in individuals with versus without affected FDR. Familial risk (incidence risk ratio; incidence/10
4
person-years) increased with the degree of genetic relatedness, being highest in individuals with an affected twin (1254.1; 230.0), followed by a sibling (212.4; 35.6), then mother (87.7; 14.4) and father (62.5; 10.4). Remarkably, there was no disease concordance between spouses. The risks were age-dependent and were particularly high in younger age groups. Familial risks were similar in males and females, and the risk of disease transmission was higher in same-sex parent-offspring and sibling pairs.

Conclusions:

Our study indicates that genetic predisposition is the predominant driver in MMD pathogenesis, with minimal contribution of environmental factors. These results could be utilized to direct future genetic studies and clinical risk counseling.
Training Corporate Bodies
Authors: Saddler Sarah
Published: August 2020

In the global corporate world, dramatic techniques adapted from theatre for social change repertories provide tools for workplace empowerment. In corporate India, theatre training teaches employees to conform to implicit workplace codes of bodily conduct. Overlaps between managerial strategies and tactics of workshop participants reveal that corporate theatre engineers moments of human expression that exceed human capital formation.
A pilot study of the Carpathian ichneumonine parasitoids (Hymenopera, Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae) reveals eighty-eight new records for Ukraine
Authors: VARGA OLEKSANDR , RIEDEL MATTHIAS , DILLER ERICH
Published: August 2020

Data on the subfamily Ichneumoninae Latreille, 1802 (Hymenopera: Ichneumonidae) from the Ukrainian Carpathians is summarized, with 196 species from eight tribes, of which 88 species are recorded from Ukraine for the first time. The new Ukrainian records belong to four tribes, Heresiarchini Ashmead, 1900, Ichneumonini Latreille, 1802, Phaeogenini Förster, 1869, and Platylabini Berthoumieu, 1904. Phaeogenini is the most poorly studied with 75% of species recorded for the country for the first time. High-altitude zone distribution is discussed: oak forest zone is the most species-rich (125 species), while the subalpine zone is the most poorly studied (57% of species found only in this zone are new records for Ukraine). The flying adults of Ichneumoninae were found from April until October, with a maximum number of species and genera collected in July, and with most specimens collected in May. Stenobarichneumon ridibitor Aubert, 1994 is transferred to the genus Baranisobas Heinrich, 1972 (comb. nov.)
Scintillation and Luminescence Properties of the Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Doped Frit Crystal Under Gamma Radiation
Authors: Khodrog Osama , Kabir Norlaili , Gong Xue , Yuan Qinghai , Liu Jianhua
Published: August 2020

The main objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of the scintillation and luminescent for Zinc Oxide (ZnO). Two groups of ZnO were prepared: pure (P338) and doped (P338Frit). This study investigates the scintillation and luminescent properties of the prepared ZnO
in both powder and crystal forms. The NaI(Tl) scintillator is used as a tool for the control scintillator. It is a crystal that is commercially utilized in many radiation detecting fields. The P338 and P338Frit were used as the scintillator in the experimental setup. The P338 and P338Frit
were bombarded with gamma photons of 241Am and 137Cs. The set up was connected to Multichannel Analyzer (MCA) to analyse its gamma spectrum. The scintillation occurrence is followed by the occurrence of luminescence in order for photon interactions to be detected by the
MCA system. The photons detected are called count. However, self-absorption of the light is common which prevail the count from being recorded even though the scintillation occurs. The Compton continuum and photoelectric peak of the interaction were not distinguished. In conclusion, the characteristics
of the luminescence and scintillation for the prepared ZnO were observed, however, the gamma spectrum peaks recorded were inconclusive.
Composition Engineering of Organic–Inorganic Perovskites Prepared in Air for Highly Efficient Energy Conversion
Authors: Li Yang , Liao Ruiquan
Published: August 2020

The global energy crisis significantly raises the research on renewable energy materials and devices both in academic and industrial community. Besides the electrochemical energy such as batteries, the solar energy is another choice to develop renewable clean energy. During the last
ten years, the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been a hot research topic and developed fast. However, large-scale production of PSCs is still hindered by the high cost of their fabrication process, because the perovskite films are known to be sensitive to oxygen and water. Therefore, developing
a composition engineering in air for PSCs with high solar energy conversion efficiency is urgently required in the field. Herein, it is found that the crystallization and morphology of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite films prepared in air are dependent
on the processing methods. The perovskite grain size becomes larger when the concentration of CH3NH3I (MAI) solution was increased from 20 mg/mL to 70 mg/mL, which is beneficial for charge carrier transport and device performance. Thanks to the optimal perovskite fabrication
process, the champion PSC has been fabricated in open air and it shows a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.9%. More importantly, the PSC fabricated with our method shows good stability. This work provides an effective composition engineering to fabricate PSCs in air with both high PCE
and stability.
Hydroxyapatite Nanostructure Doped by Lithium Iodide with Their Biological Activity
Authors: Alshahrani Mohammad Y. , Algarni H. , AlShahrani Ibrahim , Yahia I. S. , Zahran H. Y. , Ibrahim Essam H. , Kilany Mona , Sayed M. A. , Yousef El Sayed
Published: August 2020

The nanostructure of biomaterial samples of Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was treated by microwave radiation treatment with different additives (1, 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt. in percent) of Lithium Iodide (LiI) using the known sol–gel process. The sample crystal structure was achieved through
the analysis of X-ray diffraction and some associated parameters like that strain, grain size, and dislocation. The FTIR and Raman spectroscopy investigations identified effective functional groups and their modes. SEM conforms to the sample morphology's fine low-dimensional structure (10–28
nm). The various preparations were studied for their anti-proliferative/anticytotoxicity/stimulatory ability against normal and activated splenic cells of the mouse in vitro and for the lytic effects on red blood cells (RBCs). Results showed that various LiI additives have inhibitory
effects on normal splenic cells of the mouse. The pure LiI and Li 10 had relaxing effects on splenic cells activated by the mouse while the other formulations (LiI 20, LiI 30 and LiI 40) displayed inhibitory/cytotoxic results besides that all preparation samples were safe effects to RBCs.
Study on the Charge Collection Mechanism of Single Event Transient Effect for Nano N-Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
Authors: Hao Minru , Liao Chenguang , Zhang Qian , Zhang Yan , Shao Min , Chen Guoxiang
Published: August 2020

Based on the mechanism of charge collection, drift and diffusion, the influence of incident position, drain bias and incident particle LET (Linear Energy Transfer) value on the charge collection of NMOS devices is analyzed. It is found that the strongest electric field in drain depletion
region is at 70 nm, and the maximum transient current is 3.43 mA. Drain bias affects the electric field in drain region. The higher drain bias is, the greater the electric field is, and the transient current is the larger of the peak value is, and the change of drain bias does not affect the
diffusion current part; the larger the LET is, the larger the set current is, and the transient current peak value and collection charge increase linearly with the increase of LET. In addition, for a single transistor, the influence of the reduction of gate length on the bipolar amplification
is analyzed, which is discovered that the reduction of gate length results in the aggravation of the single event effect. Therefore, the simulation results provide valuable reference for research on irradiation reliability and application of strained integrated circuit of Si Nano-scale NMOSFET.
Synthesis of Rare Earth Doped with Tungstate and Phosphate Luminescent Materials and Its Adoption in Light-Emitting Diode
Authors: Yin Xueai , Feng Weiwei , Zhang Xin
Published: August 2020

This research focuses on the fluorescent powder materials based on a single matrix of this type of LED. Taking Ba2CaWO6 as an example, mixing Dy3+ alone can produce blue and white light at 318nm UV excitation. At the same time, mixing Dy3+
with Eu3+ can make the fluorescent powders realize the emission of 491 nm/577 nm of Dy3+ and 588 nm of Eu3+. Dy3+ is set to 0.06 and the ratio of Eu3+ is adjusted to make the luminous color gradually close to white. In the study of Ba3Y(PO4)3
· xDy3+ · yEu3+, x is set as 0.07, and the content of y is set as 0.01∼0.08. Dy3+ alone will emit blue and white light under the laser at 391 nm. By increasing the content of Eu3+, polychromatic emission
can be carried out, and white light can be obtained by adjusting the concentration of Eu3+. At the same time, the application functions of white LED packaging are tested for the above materials. The results show that both Ba2CaWO6 · xDy3+
· yEu3+ and Ba3Y(PO4)3 · xDy3+ · yEu3+ materials can realize white lighting by adjusting the ratio of Eu3+ · Dy3+, increasing the proportion of Eu3+
can improve the color rendering of white LED.
Optimal Distribution Method of Photoelectric Sensing Radio Frequency Identification Multi-Tags Using Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Huang Zhen , Lu Qiang , Su Rijian , Zhou Kaibo
Published: August 2020

In this study, RFID technology and wireless photoelectric sensor (WOSN) technology were combined in the acquisition of traffic information. RFID tag and photoelectric sensor were used as a node to build a traffic information collection network. To improve the life cycle and load performance
of the network, and achieve the optimal distribution among nodes, the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm was taken as the research object, and the network node distribution routing algorithm of multiple RFID tags-photoelectric sensor nodes was designed. The improved ACO based on energy
and distance was selected for self-organizing distribution, so that the nodes distributed locally could be regarded as a whole. Then, each local head node transmitted information based on the route generated by the improved ACO, so that the traffic information obtained by each head node was
sent to the aggregation node at the lowest cost. In the experiment, the multi RFID tag-photoelectric sensor node distribution based on the improved ACO can extend the network life cycle, and achieve a balanced network load.
Effect of Oxygen Annealing on the Characteristics of Isotype Ga2O3/4H-SiC Heterojunction Diodes
Authors: Lee Young-Jae , Schweitz Michael A. , Lee Sang-Kwon , Koh Jung-Hyuk , Koo Sang-Mo
Published: August 2020

Ga2O3/n-type 4H-SiC heterojunction diodes were fabricated by depositing Ga2O3 thin films on off-axis cut n type 4H-SiC substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. The influence of oxygen atmosphere annealing on the film quality and
optical properties of Ga2O3 layers is investigated. The I–V characteristics of the diodes are acquired in the range from 25 to 175 °C with temperature step of 50 °C. The annealed diodes exhibit improved rectifying ratio (∼1 × 108
for ±2V) and an improved ideality factor (1.83) at 25 °C. Additionally, the photodiode that was annealed in the presence of an oxygen atmosphere shows an increased photocurrent, higher responsivity and an improved time dependent photo-response than as-grown devices.
Single-Crystalline Germanium Nanotetrahedrons with High-Active Exposed Facets for High-Performance Lithium Storage
Authors: Liu Lili , Yu Jia , Zhang Xiuyun , Chen Shimou
Published: August 2020

Herein, novel single-crystalline Ge nanotetrahedrons with dominantly exposed (102) facets are synthesized via a liquid-phase chemical reduction strategy. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone is innovatively employed to mediate the product morphology, while the reaction time also plays a significant
role. As the anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the nanoscale size effect, highly active crystal planes and lightened agglomeration guarantee the excellent performance of Ge nanotetrahedrons. They could maintain a capacity of 730 mAhg–1 after 100 cycles at 160 mAg–1,
and exhibited greatly enhanced rate capability when compared with Ge random nanoparticles.
Transverse Bending and Axial Compressing Mechanical Characteristics of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Sandwich Laminated Square Tubes
Authors: Zhu Xiujie , Xiong Chao , Yin Junhui , Yin Dejun , Deng Huiyong
Published: August 2020

The transverse bending and axial compressing mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) sandwich laminated square tubes with two kinds of cores, aluminum honeycomb and aluminum foam, respectively, were studied. The failure mechanism and damage processes of the two
different CFRP sandwich laminated square tubes were studied by three-point bending and axial compressing experiments, comparing to CFRP hollow laminated square tube. The three-point bending process of CFRP sandwich laminated square tubes were also simulated in ABAQUS/Explicit and the failure
mechanism and modes were deeply analyzed. The analytical model of composite laminated box beam using shear-deformable beam theory was extended to calculate the stiffness characteristics of CFRP sandwich laminated square tubes. The variation of bending, axial and shear stiffness in the linear
elastic range were predicted. The results show that, after reaching the peak of three-point bending load, the bearing capacity of CFRP hollow laminated square tube reduced greatly due to the buckling instability of the two vertical sides, while that of the CFRP sandwich laminated square tubes
were still considerable. A sudden strength damage occurred in the CFRP sandwich laminated tubes under the axial load, and the sandwich panels could slow down the drop of bearing capacity and increase the energy absorption. The load–displacement histories of numerical simulation and experimental
result were in good agreement. The differences between analytically calculated and experimental measured stiffness characteristics were within 6.5%. The bending stiffness and axial stiffness of CFRP sandwich laminated tubes are large when the ply angle in the range from 0 to 45 degrees. Compared
with the CFRP aluminum foam sandwich square tube, the specific stiffness and specific energy absorption of CFRP aluminum honeycomb sandwich square tube were higher but the energy absorbed was inferior.
Distribution Characteristics of Inorganic Solids in Biochemical Treatment System
Authors: He Li , Tan Tao , Guan Wei , Gao Zhixi , Li Si , Fan Leilei
Published: August 2020

This paper studies the accumulation mechanism of different types of inorganic solids in activated sludge system by taking two main kinds of inorganic solids-chemical sludge and sediment as the research object. In the chemical phosphorus removal experiment, self-made calcium silicate
hydrate was used as the chemical phosphorus removal agent and added to the end of the biochemical system of domestic sewage for phosphorus removal experiment, while the fine sediment was simulated by quartz sand of 26, 73, 106, 165 and 210 μm respectively, and a complete mixture
model of inorganic solid accumulation was established as Xiss =Ciss, inf × (SRT/HRT + 1) × (1 – e–t/SRT). The results showed that the self-made hydrated calcium silicate had good phosphorus removal effect, and the
TP of domestic sewage could be removed from 7 mg/L to 0.5 mg/L. The chemical sludge accumulation in the phosphorus removal process conforms to the complete mixing model, and the relative errors of measured and predicted values of MLVSS/MLSS and MLISS were 1% and 3%, respectively. The sediment
accumulation process does not conform to the completely mixed model. The relative error of MLVSS/MLSS is between 56% and 77%, and that of MLISS is between –45% and –80%. The accumulation forms of inorganic solids in different forms of activated sludge systems are also different.
Chemical sludge is mainly suspended in the mixture, reducing the proportion of MLVSS/MLSS. In activated sludge system, sediment is accumulated in various forms such as suspension and deposition.
An Experimental Study on the Ablation Properties of Carbon/Carbon Composites Using Thermal Plasma
Authors: Oh Philyong , Kim Hoseok , Kang Boram , Hong Bong Guen
Published: August 2020

The ablation properties of two carbon/carbon (C/C) composites currently considered as thermal protection materials for radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) were investigated using a plasma wind tunnel with a heat flux between the range of 2–4 MW/m2. The ablation
properties were identified through an analysis of erosion rates and microstructures after testing. During ablation, erosion reactions of the matrix were faster than those of fibers and pores, and the defects and cracks between the fibers and matrix grew. The fibers eroded from their outer
surface and ablation led to the formation of sharp tapered tips. Lower density C/C composites appeared to lose more matrix than higher density C/C composites. The erosion rate increased with heat flux. The ablation properties were compared with the test results using a vacuum plasma spray
(VPS) facility and an E-beam facility. It was shown that both thermochemical and thermomechanical erosion occurred via oxygen in the plasma flow, and a rapid high-pressure heat stream occurred in tests using the plasma wind tunnel while only thermal ablation occurred in tests using the VPS
and E-beam facilities.
Effects of Morphological Collapse of Sphere Secondary Particles on Electrochemical Properties of a LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Park Jun-Seok , Han Un-Gi , Cho Gyu-Bong , Ahn Hyo-Jun , Kim Ki-Won , Ahn Jou-Hyeon , Cho Kwon-Koo
Published: August 2020

Li[NixCoyMnz]O2 (LiNCM) is one of the candidate cathode material that can replace the currently commercialized LiCoO2 (LCO) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). The morphological feature having
primary particle and secondary sphere particle could affect structural stability, tap density and electrochemical performance of LiNCM. In this work, two LiNCM particles without or with the morphological collapse of the secondary particles were prepared by using a co-precipitation-assisted,
solid-phase method and ball milling, and its morphological, structural and electrochemical characteristics were evaluated. The results of XRD, and FESEM demonstrated that the as-prepared two LiNCMs have a typical α-NaFeO2 layered structure and the two morphological
features of secondary particles needed in this study. The results of electrochemical properties indicated that the LiNCM electrode without collapsed secondary particles have a good stability in cycle performance compared to that with collapse of secondary particles at 0.5, 1.0 and 2 C-rate.
The capacity retention of without and with collapsed NCM was 55.8% and 27.3% after 200 cycles at 1 C-rate, respectively.
Preparation of High Performance Hydrophobic Concrete Material and Experimental Study on Its Corrosion Resistance
Authors: Li Shengbin , Ye Yiyang , Wu Qin , Gao Liuyan , Ren Haoqian
Published: August 2020

The durability of reinforced concrete structure will be threatened because of corrosion. In view of this situation, in this study, from the perspective of super hydrophobic to improve the durability of concrete materials, a high-performance super hydrophobic concrete material is proposed.
The material uses the principle of "binary coordination," which mixes fluorosilane and steel fiber into the composition of concrete, and sets up a copper net on its surface, thus forming a micro-nano-composite structure, making the concrete have a super hydrophobic surface. When characterizing
the proposed concrete material, the contact angle of super hydrophobic concrete is 158.3°, rolling angle is 7.6°, and the contact between droplets and concrete conforms to Cassie Baxter model. In the study of corrosion resistance, standard maintenance environment and oxygen diffusion
dry wet cycle environment are studied. During the test, a long-term immersion method is used, and the immersion period is set to (30 d, 50 d, 80 d). Compared with different environments, it is found that super hydrophobic concrete has strong corrosion resistance, which shows that the doping
of fluorosilicane and steel wire can significantly improve the impermeability of concrete.