bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variation in problem-solving success amongst children with and without a family history of ADHD
Authors: Hendry Alexandra , Konke Linn Andersson , Jones Emily J.H. , Charman Tony , Falck-Ytter Terje
Published: March 2024

BackgroundAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is linked to strengths in creative problem-solving amongst school-aged children and adults. In contrast, autism (which frequently co-occurs with ADHD) is associated with lower generativity, and perseverative responses during problem-solving. Little is known about how ADHD and autism traits – or broader heritable autism and ADHD phenotypes – associate with problem-solving skills in early childhood.Methods129 UK 2- and 3-year-olds (exploratory dataset) and 74 Swedish 3-year-olds (confirmatory dataset) with and without a family history (FH) of ADHD and autism, completed a problem-solving task. Parents reported on their 3-year-olds’ ADHD and autism traits using the Child Behavior Checklist and Social Responsiveness Scale-2. FH group differences in problem-solving performance (success, generativity, perseveration, persistence) were tested using ANOVA in the exploratory dataset. A pre-registered t-test followed up FH-ADHD effects on problem-solving success in the confirmatory dataset. Linear regressions of problem-solving success on autism/ADHD traits were run in both samples.ResultsCompared with peers with no FH-ADHD, children with FH-ADHD showed higher problem-solving success at 2 (partial ω2=.106) and 3 years (partial ω2=.045) in the exploratory dataset. The hypothesized FH-ADHD effect was of a consistent direction and magnitude in the confirmatory dataset but success scores were only significantly higher for children with FH-ADHD when compared with children with no FH-ADHD-or-autism (gs =.977). Parent-reported ADHD (but not autism) traits were positively associated with problem-solving performance in the exploratory (β=.212, p=.031) and combined samples (β=.173, p=.024). Effects were of a consistent direction and magnitude but not significant in the confirmatory sample alone (β=.201, p=.103). ConclusionsConsidering a child’s family history alongside their neurodivergent traits may help to identify their likely strengths, and how to access them: Children with ADHD traits and/or a family history of ADHD are likely to have an aptitude for generative problem-solving when presented with highly-motivating, ecologically-valid challenges.
Proving one proves all
Authors: Geesink Bert-Willem
Published: March 2024

In this document, the argumentation that the Collatz conjecture is true will be presented step by step. First the statement of the problem will be described, followed by the1st theorem: The Collatz Conjecture can be proven true using only the positive odd integers, as the conjecture's validity for odd numbers implies its validity for even numbers due to their eventual reduction to odd numbers through repeated division by 2.The 2nd theorem:For all positive integers m, n, the sequences generated by the expression 2^(2m-1)n-(2^(2m-1)+1)/3 will reach 3n-1 after applying the Collatz function.3rd theorem:For all integers m, n, the sequences generated by the expression 2^(2m-1)n-(2^(2m-1)+1)/3 share the value of the first term generated by the last known sequence which is generated by the same expression.The 4th theorem:Only the sequence (4^m-1)/3 is needed to prove the Collatz conjecture.The 5th theorem: The Collatz conjecture is true.
Readiness Evaluation for AI-Mental Health Deployment and Implementation (READI): A review and proposed framework
Authors: Stade Elizabeth Cameron , Eichstaedt johannes Christopher , Kim Jane P. , Stirman Shannon Wiltsey
Published: March 2024

While generative artificial intelligence (AI) may lead to technological advances in the mental health field, it poses safety risks for mental health service consumers. Furthermore, clinicians and healthcare systems must attend to safety and ethical considerations prior to deploying these AI-mental health technologies. To ensure the responsible deployment of AI-mental health applications, a principled method for evaluating and reporting on AI-mental health applications is needed. We conducted a narrative review of existing frameworks and criteria (from the mental health, healthcare, and AI fields) relevant to the evaluation of AI-mental health applications. We provide a summary and analysis of these frameworks, with a particular emphasis on the unique needs of the AI-mental health intersection. Existing frameworks contain areas of convergence (e.g., frequent emphasis on safety, privacy/confidentiality, effectiveness, and equity) that are relevant to the evaluation of AI-mental health applications. However, current frameworks are insufficiently tailored to unique considerations for AI and mental health. To address this need, we introduce the Readiness Evaluation for AI-Mental Health Deployment and Implementation (READI) framework for mental health applications. The READI framework comprises considerations of Safety, Privacy/Confidentiality, Equity, Effectiveness, Engagement, and Implementation. The READI framework outlines key criteria for assessing the readiness of AI-mental health applications for clinical deployment, offering a structured approach for evaluating these technologies and reporting findings.
Engaged and confused: Aesthetic appreciation of live and screened contemporary dance
Authors: Lee Haeeun , Ashwell Charlie , Sperling Matthias , Rai Laura , Orgs Guido
Published: March 2024

Aesthetic cognitivism assumes a positive relationship between aesthetic experience and knowledge acquisition. Here, we study this relationship in the context of contemporary dance. 207 audience members watched either a live performance or a screening of a contemporary dance duet, where some participants wore mobile EEGs. All participants reported on their aesthetic experience after the show. Qualitatively, a thematic analysis of open questions revealed that the audience recalled the performance in both descriptive and imaginative ways, highlighting ambiguity and meaning making as recurrent ways of engagement. Quantitatively, a principal component analysis revealed two distinct dimensions of aesthetic experience: engagement and confusion. Simple group comparisons suggested that engagement was higher in the live than in the screened performance and among spectators not wearing EEGs, but these effects disappeared when dance experience was accounted for. Confusion did not depend on live or screened performance context, wearing EEGs, nor on prior dance experience. Participants wearing EEGs reported overall lower excitement, and higher happiness before the show, and a drop of happiness after the show. Our findings suggest that dance experience is more important for audience engagement than the specific context in which dance is experienced, and that ambiguity is not necessarily an aversive component of engagement. Confusion can be experienced as an intended feature of an artwork, and in the process also becomes a form of engagement, more so if viewers have sufficient experience with the art form. Our findings therefore challenge a conceptualisation of aesthetic experience as a simple by product of insight.
Event segmentation and encoding rely on information accumulated over different temporal scales
Authors: Sasmita Karen , Swallow Khena M.
Published: March 2024

People spontaneously divide experience into discrete units (event segmentation) that shape episodic memory. Prominent accounts of segmentation suggest that it reflects mechanisms that update mental representations of the ongoing situation (event models) by integrating prior knowledge (e.g., schemata) with information about the current state of the world. How much external information needs to be accumulated to build a stable event model and guide segmentation is still unclear. We examined this question by asking participants to segment and afterwards recall video excerpts from commercial films that were manipulated to limit the continuous and coherent accumulation of information from the videos: Videos were presented either uninterrupted, interrupted by a white-noise display, or interrupted with additional jumbling of the interrupted video clips. Interrupting or jumbling videos every 1-minute (Experiment 1) did not significantly change overall segmentation rates, patterns, or the tendency to hierarchically organize events. However, a finer-grained temporal analysis indicated that the segmentation rate briefly increased following a jumbled clip, stabilizing after 5s. When the videos were interrupted or jumbled more frequently (every 5s; Experiment 2), however, segmentation patterns changed to reflect the transient signals created by clip onsets rather than video content. These findings suggest that information accumulated over windows longer than 5 s, but shorter than 10 s, is sufficient for building event models that can support content-based segmentation. In contrast, although jumbling the videos every minute (Experiment 1) minimally impacted segmentation patterns, it significantly reduced the number of events recalled and their organization with respect to time and semantics. Thus, event segmentation and memory encoding rely on information accumulated over different timescales.
Data-driven versus traditional definitions of household membership and household composition: does latent class analysis produce meaningful groupings?
Authors: McLean Estelle , Price Alison J , Palla Luigi , Slaymaker Emma , Crampin Amelia C , Dube Albert , Amoah Abena , Kalobekamo Fredrick , Sear Rebecca
Published: March 2024

Adolescence is a key period of biological and social development and household living arrangements in adolescence in sub-Saharan Africa has been shown to be associated with multiple biosocial outcomes. Household is a commonly used term across a wide range of disciplines, however traditional, western-centric definitions are often used which may not capture important, context-specific differences in household membership (who belongs to which group) and composition (how the household members are related). This study used data on adolescents from rural northern Malawi from 2004-2016 to create context-relevant household composition variables using latent class analysis (LCA) with two household membership definitions, ‘immediate’ (as defined within the dataset) and ‘expanded’ (created to include relatives living close by). The extent to which different definitions of household composition alter observed associations with biosocial outcomes was investigated. LCA identified household compositions with greater complexity than those represented in western-centric definitions (LCA classes included ‘brother’s family’, ‘sister’s family’, ‘maternal’ and ‘paternal’), with few individuals living in ‘nuclear’ families. Using the ‘expanded’ household definition created classes which, for example, distinguished between ‘single mother’ households and those with a single mother but living very close to maternal family. LCA was found to be most useful for guiding the creation of manual ‘LCA-guided’ variables to produce household composition definitions which were suitable for use as predictor variables. Compared to western-centric definitions, LCA-guided household composition definitions using both ‘immediate’ and ‘expanded’ definitions provided greater detail about the contribution of household composition to variation in associations with biosocial outcomes: for example female adolescents in ‘maternal’ households had higher odds of a poor educational outcome, while for male adolescents this effect was found in ‘paternal’ households. While potential drawbacks in terms of generalisability and statistical power are recognised, other researchers are recommended, where appropriate, to consider using context-specific household definitions.
Quince tesis sobre las cotidianías. Esa clase de expresiones eidéticas que se desenvuelven en inteligencias con alta educación formal y que inspiran fragmentos de las existencias
Authors: Devés-Valdés Eduardo
Published: March 2024

Se presentan quince tesis que deben contribuir a entender lo que son las cotidianías, estas especieseidéticas que se desarrollan en sociedades modernas y hasta hiper-modernas, para inspirar fragmentosde la existencia, entendidas como argumentaciones en torno a la necesidad de auto terapias regularese inmediatamente placenteras, como auto compensación, para una existencia asumida comosobrecargada, tediosa e incluso degradada.Se presentan varias definiciones y demarcaciones entre expresiones eidéticas, con el fin de precisarla definición de cotidianía y su validez para entender fenómenos eidéticos emergentes. Se caracterizapor contraste con las ideologías, las teleologías y las ideoglobías, asumiendo por otra parte la herenciaeidética recibida.Se alude a cotidianías como meditacionismo, deportismo, dancismo, artesanismo y naturismo.
A pragmatic Analysis of Effective Political Communication from a Relevance-Theoretic Perspective
Authors: Alrufaiey Hind Sabah , Alrikabi Angham Abdulkadhim
Published: March 2024

A substantial aim of political communication is to engage specific groups of citizens through pragmatic policies and various media channels to convey messages and gain the audience’s acceptance effectively. This study investigates political communication as a form of discourse that occurs within political contexts, which involves the exchange of messages among political actors to address and resolve political issues. It is an interdisciplinary field encompassing aspects of psychology, economics, culture, society, and linguistics. This paper aims to give a satisfactory explanation for the question concerning effective communication characteristics: how might politicians utilize them in their speech to be more effective? This pragmatic study in discourse is devoted to analyzing the various effective syntactic structures that arise within political interactions according to Sperber and Wilson’s Theory of Relevance. The contribution of this study is evident as guidelines for further understanding the correlation between language and cognition. The researchers find that politicians seek to cognitively take advantage of the tendency of the audience to strive for relevance. In this way, expectations and attitudes are to be recognized and met by either interlocutors. The focal point of the study is the linguistic and inferential aspects of communication (verbal and non-verbal forms), represented in explicatures and implicatures. The study’s findings exhibit the politicians’ efforts in crafting their utterances optimally to meet the audience’s expectations of relevance, which could be used as an influential method for further studies concerning discourse and communication. This research paper aims to pragmatically exploit the effectiveness of the political interactions (extracts) in the House of Commons (UK parliamentary debates).
The Effects of Intensive English Podcast Listening on High School Students’ Comprehension Skills and Impact on Learning Motivations
Authors: Bozavlı Ebubekir
Published: March 2024

Listening is one of the most essential basic skills in foreign language learning. In recent years, technological advances have provided students with a wide range of digital applications, including podcasts, to improve their listening skills. This study aims to determine the impact of intensive listening to English podcasts on high school students’ comprehension skills and motivation to learn. The research centers on the following questions: “Does intensive podcast listening in a foreign language improve high school English learners’ language comprehension competence? Does intensive podcast listening in a foreign language provide retention in high school English learners’ listening skills? Does intensive podcast listening in a foreign language increase high school English learners’ motivation for language learning?” The study sample consists of 27 male and 27 female students studying in the 10th grade of Atatürk Anatolian High School affiliated with Erzurum National Education Directorate in the second semester of the 2022 academic year. The podcast listening practices with the participants were conducted in two 40-minute class hours each week for 12 weeks. Podcasts with an average duration of three to six minutes in the BBC Learning English application were used in the study. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were used in the study. Quantitative methods were used to analyze the data, and qualitative methods were used to interpret them. The survey results show that podcasts improve English high school students’ listening skills and increase their motivation to learn. Podcasts make high school students willing to listen and understand English.
The comment gap: Affective publics and gatekeeping in The New York Times’ comment sections
Authors: Juarez Miro Clara
Published: March 2024

This study examines journalists’ gatekeeping and audiences’ participation in The New York Times’ (NYT) comment sections. The concepts of affective publics and news gap informed a qualitative content analysis guided by the questions: (1) What are the characteristics of the comments selected for the NYT Picks section? (2) What are the characteristics of the comments selected for the Reader Picks section? (3) What is the overlap between the two types of comment sections depicted in these curated lists? The analysis was conducted on a sample of best comments according to the NYT (563) and its readers (400). Findings reveal that readers and journalists value comment sections differently, only coinciding 17.2% of the time (the comment gap). Both value comment sections as safe spaces for passionate comments. However, while readers reward confrontational, direct, aligned comments, journalists prefer conciliatory, articulate and diverse ones. Implications for gatekeeping theory and boundary work are discussed.
Evaluation of Osteoporosis Among Epileptic Patients on Monotherapy
Authors: Taha Mufeed Akram , Hana Istifo Neven Nihal
Published: March 2024

Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder that affects almost 50 million people worldwide. Most patients require long-term, and sometimes lifelong therapy with antiseizure medications (ASMs), our case control study evaluates the long-term effect of carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate (VPA) on bone mineral density and bone health biochemical markers. 50 patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy who had no history of antiseizure medications (ASMs) intake prior were divided into 2 groups. In the first group, 25 patients started carbamazepine (CBZ) monotherapy, while the second group included 25 patients who started receiving valproate (VPA) monotherapy. Another 25 healthy individuals were considered as a control group. The primary outcome of our study is to evaluate the percentage of osteoporosis compared to the duration of ASM therapy measured by the T score at two different sites in the body at baseline, after 3 and 6 months of therapy, while measurements of bone biomarker variables are considered secondary outcomes. We found that CBZ and VPA significantly decreased the level of vitamin D3, Ca, P, the L3-L5, and right femoral neck T score with prolonged treatment duration, while the level of ALP increased with increasing duration of treatment in patients treated with CBZ but not in the VPA group. Furthermore, CBZ significantly decreased bone health biomarkers and T score before VPA and the control group, as well as there were no significant differences between the two sexes who received CBZ or VPA therapy on bone biomarkers. In conclusion, valproate will not affect bone biomarkers earlier, but with a longer duration of therapy, they may have the same effect as carbamazepine which requires the prescription of supportive vitamin D and Ca along with ASMs.
Reproductive Justice, Race, and the Prescience of the Past
Authors: Livengood Nicole C.
Published: March 2024

The question of control—over bodies, knowledge, narrative, and nation—interweaves throughout Dana Medoro’s Certain Concealments: Poe, Hawthorne, and Early Nineteenth-Century Abortion and Stephanie Peebles Tavera’s (P)rescription Narratives: Feminist Medical Fiction and the Failure of American Censorship. Medoro focuses on discourses of life and women’s (non)reproductive sexuality in Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s fiction. She establishes that the two authors were deeply skeptical of medicolegal definitions of life that created racial and economic hierarchies; through focal characters and indirect, playful prose, they critique discourses of life that valued some lives over others in the creation of Anglo-American nationalism. Tavera investigates late-nineteenth-century woman-authored medical fiction as directly engaging many of the same concepts Medoro explores. (P)rescription Narratives calls attention to the ways that Comstock-era censorship colluded with race science, medicine, and the law to limit women’s sexual and reproductive autonomy. It demonstrates literature’s agential capacities as the writers it addresses explicitly refute and redirect objectifying narratives. Combined, these texts show that questions of what “counts” as life, and by what (and whose) paradigms those lives can be lived, are hardly theoretical musings. Rather, they determine, systemically and corporeally, “life’s legibility and reproduction … in the name of American citizenship” (Medoro 19). These texts, in other words, are highly relevant and important as literary and cultural scholarship, making a powerful argument for the study of the humanities. But they are also important because they document the subversive and agential power of the written word to discern, document, and possibly heal—to affect change for today and the future.
PALEOMAGNETIC DATING OF ROCKS OF THE BOLSHESYRSKY MAGMATIC AREA OF THE MINUSINSKY BASIN
Authors:   Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry RAS, Kovalenko D.V. , Buzina M.V. ,   Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry RAS
Published: March 2024

Paleomagnetic dating of the Bolshesyrsky igneous area, a thick intraplate igneous complex of Khakassia, was carried out. The complex has not been dated due to the peculiarities of the stratigraphy and the lack of suitable rocks for applying the methods of absolute geochronology. The use of the paleomagnetic method has shown that the paleomagnetic pole of the red beds, which are intruded by sills and dikes of the Bolshesyrsky area, is close to the Silurian paleomagnetic poles of Siberia and Tuva and differs sharply from the Ordovician paleomagnetic poles of these areas. That is, red-colored rocks are Silurian, and subvolcanic rocks are post-Silurian. The sharp unconformable overlapping of the red-colored and volcanic strata with the Middle Devonian sedimentary trough without igneous rocks indicates that the age of the Bolshesyrsky complex is limited to the Silurian-Early Devonian interval. The genesis of the rocks of the Bolshesyrsky magmatic area was associated with the activity of the Early Devonian Minusinsk plume.
OPTIMIZATION OF COMPUTATION METHODS CALCULATING REGIONAL GEOLOGIC MODELS OF ORE-BEARING ISOMETRIC STRUCTURES IN PYTHON
Authors:   Far East Geological Institute FEB RAS, Shevyrev S.L. , Boriskina N.G. ,   Far East Geological Institute FEB RAS
Published: March 2024

Numeric regional models are necessary to reconstruct the nature and conditions of formation of i geological structures, to obtain ideas about the evolution of different zones of the crust and upper mantle, the evolution of fold and fault dislocations and predicting expression of manifestation of deep structures on earth’s surface. Numeric reconstructions are based on computational dynamics methods, in which rock is represented as highly viscous liquid. «Markers-in-cell» method is one of the implementations of that approach. We propose to accelerate model ported into Python, as compared to Matlab, without rejecting sequential enumeration of markers. It is shown that the solutions can be either code vectorization (refactoring with binary indices instead of enumeration loops and numpy functions) or acceleration of loops by their pre-compilation or parallel computations. The results obtained can be used in the implementation of numeric geological modeling in Python.
Viewing Person-Centred Counselling from an Islamic Perspective
Authors: Mohamad Mardiana
Published: March 2024

Studies have shown that person-centred approach to counselling is effective in helping various groups of clients. It has been almost thirty years after the departure of Carl Rogers, yet, the approach remains influential in counselling profession. In Malaysia, it becomes one of the most practised counselling approaches among counselling practitioners. As the theory was developed in the United States and represents the Western secular worldview, there is a need to look into its philosophy and concepts from the Islamic perspectives. This is due the reason that many counselling practitioners and clients in Malaysia are Muslims. Hence, the article aims to discuss the main features of the person-centred theory such as its philosophy, view of human nature, origin of individual’s problem and counsellor’s personal qualities and review them from an Islamic perspective.
Adam Smith's Concept of Division of Labor and Motivation
Authors: Kugai Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: March 2024

The chapter addresses two main issues. The first focuses on how A. Smith defines possible advantages and risks inherent in division of labour and reconstructs the ways in which he attempts to make use of some of the effects of specialized labor to curb these dangerous consequences. The second is Smith's understanding of human motivation, which is rooted in the human need for sympathy and recognition. Human kind desires nothing more profound than the approval of their counterparts and their own remorse. This fundamental need controls human actions, both between close relatives and strangers. This shows that, although, according to Smith, a commercial society produces many unstable consequences, this division of labour creates a situation in which well-educated politicians and men of letters can, nevertheless, curb the worst tendencies of such a society.
Sustainable development and technological leadership of industrial enterprises in the digital economy
Authors: Minakov Andrei Vladimirovich
Published: March 2024

In the conditions of digital transformation, the possibilities of providing sustainable development of industrial enterprises are closely connected with their technological upgrade. The objective of the study is to identify the achieved results of digital transformation and technological development of industrial enterprises in Russia, to find methods to improve the management of sustainable development of industrial enterprises in order to maximise the benefit from the use of digital solutions. The study shows the projections of sustainable development of enterprises in digital economy, the tendencies of use of digital technologies in Russian organisations are determined based on the results of statistical analysis, the process approach for managing sustainable development of industrial enterprises in combination with the ecosystem model for building relationships with partners is suggested.
Regional tourism and hospitality market: assessment of financial and economic performance indicators and segmentation of enterprises
Authors: Kireeva Marina Mikhailovna
Published: March 2024

The chapter studies the key performance indicators of tourism and hospitality industry enterprises in the region. The segmentation of enterprises according to the value of financial and economic indicators and its comparison with the average industry value is carried out. Depending on the number of indicators exceeding the industry average value, groups of enterprises (group 1 – "green zone", group 2 – "blue zone", group 3 – "yellow zone", group 4 – "red zone") were singled out and brief recommendations for the development of activity in each group were formulated. The research methods include selection, organisation, table, graphic and calculation methods; comparison, segmentation, grouping, evaluation.
Function Sparing Conservative Approach of a Low-Grade Chondrosarcoma of the Larynx: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors:   Surgery Service, Hospital Metropolitano, Surgery Service, Hospital Vozandes, Quito, Ecuador, Pacheco-Ojeda Luis , Sáenz-Gómez Carolina , Cañizares-Quisiguiña Stalin , Borja-Herrera Tatiana , Vallejo-Garzón Juan Carlos , Poveda Sergio
Published: March 2024

Background: Laryngeal cancer is relatively uncommon in Ecuador. Usually epithelial in origin, the most frequent histological type is squamous cell carcinoma. The most common mesenchymal tumor is chondrosarcoma. Most laryngeal chondrosarcomas are treated with total laryngectomy, but a conservative function sparing resection is recommended in low-grade limited tumors. Case Report: In a 68-year-old female nonsmoker patient, a small tumor was found in the posterior left aspect of the cricoid cartilage in a computed tomography (CT) performed immediately after an unexpected difficulty to pass the endotracheal tube for a thoracoscopic biopsy of 4 cm tumor of the left lung, in another hospital. The patient underwent, then, an initial tracheostomy, a total thyroidectomy for a goiter and a biopsy of the tumor of the cricoid cartilage whose pathological study was inconclusive. One month later, a low-grade neuroendocrine pulmonary tumor was completed resected. Two years later, a CT scan showed the cricoid lesion with the same characteristics. At endoscopic video laryngoscopy, two subglottic masses that narrowed the airway in approximately 60% of the normal caliber, were observed located at the posterior and left walls. An intraluminal resection was performed through a transcricoid anterior approach. The pathological diagnosis was a low-grade chondrosarcoma. Tracheal decannulation was performed one month later. At an endoscopic video laryngoscopy performed six months post-operatively, the tracheal caliber and mucosa were normal. The patient remained with normal voice and breathing. Conclusion: We report the second case of chondrosarcoma of the larynx in our country, treated by a conservative approach.
Psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of digital literacy of students of the modern Kazakhstan schools
Authors: Balgabayeva A.E.
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the necessity to develop psychological and pedagogical conditions that ensure the success of the process of developing digital literacy among students in the context of digitalization of education. The formation of digital literacy is a comparatively new area of activity that is being applied in many countries of the world and is being actively researched, including Kazakhstan. Digital literacy of students in schools aims at providing effective interaction with digital services, includes the ability to work with any source of information, as well as with all types of information, is expressed in knowledge, skills and abilities that allow students to become active partakers in the socializing Internet environment cyberspace. The authors of the article suggest a classification of psychological and pedagogical conditions that ensure more effective formation of digital literacy of students in the context of digitalization of education in Kazakhstan. However, actual problems and perspectives of the formation of digital literacy is still a scope for further scientific research.
Prevalence and diagnostic methods of surgical pathology in the digestive system of animals
Authors: Maliuk Mykola , Tul Oleksandra , Kulida Mariia , Kovalenko Dmytro
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the study is driven by the rapid increase in the number of small domestic animals with surgical pathology of the digestive system, requiring effective diagnosis and surgical intervention. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of various diseases of the digestive organs in small domestic animals and to determine the most informative methods of their diagnosis. The primary approach in the study is to compare the informativeness of results obtained from examining sick animals, including general (history collection, examination, palpation) and special (ultrasound diagnostics of abdominal organs, endoscopy of the digestive tract, radiography) diagnostic methods. The advantages and disadvantages of different special diagnostic methods were identified and analysed, providing a comprehensive assessment of indications and contraindications for their application in clinical veterinary practice. Out of 1863 animals that presented to the veterinary clinic, pathologies of the digestive tract of various origins were diagnosed in 957 animals. Conservative care was provided to 79.7% of the affected animals (763 individuals). Complicated pathologies requiring surgical treatment were diagnosed in 194 (20.3%) animals. Among these, 170 (17.7%) had foreign bodies in the stomach, 14 (1.5%) had gastric erosions, 4 (0.4%) had neoplasms, 3 (0.3%) had perforations, and 3 (0.3%) had inflammatory diseases. The use of ultrasound diagnostics allowed for the detection of linear foreign bodies in the stomach and the identification of associated complications such as stomach or intestinal perforations caused by foreign bodies. Radiographic examination proved effective when radiopaque structures (metals, stones, bones) were present as foreign bodies. The materials of the study provide practical value for both researchers and practising veterinarians, offering the opportunity to utilise new instrumental diagnostic methods to assess the feasibility of surgical manipulations on the stomach and intestines in dogs and cats
The effect of age on musculoskeletal injury compensation costs in South Australian professional urban firefighters: A cohort study
Authors: Dunstan Joel , Stenner Brad , Carrick-Ranson Graeme , Norton Kevin
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Firefighting is recognised as a physically demanding occupation involving exposure to hazardous environments and activities. An aging workforce combined with the age-related decline in physical fitness may result in increased future workers’ compensation expenditure for fire service organisations. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to investigate the costs associated with musculoskeletal sprain and strain injury and the impacts of age and injury location on Workers’ Compensation claims submitted by professional urban firefighters. METHODS: Claim rates, direct costs, and days lost were extracted from a professional Fire Service organisation’s workers’ compensation claim database for financial years between 2011 to 2018. RESULTS: The mean cost per claim increased with age, with a mean claim cost of the 60–70-year-old group over 10 times more than the 20–29-year-old group. The mean days lost per claim were also higher for claims submitted by firefighters aged over 50. CONCLUSIONS: Older firefighters miss more workdays when injured and are associated with increased claims costs, particularly those in the 60–70-year group. With an aging workforce, Fire Service organisations must implement appropriate management and prevention strategies to reduce the potential risks associated with an aging workforce.
Features of building physical therapy programs to improve mobility in the cervical-thoracic spine
Authors: Kravchenko Tamara , Antonova-Rafi Yuliya
Published: March 2024

the article discusses the peculiarities of developing physical therapy programs to improve mobility in the cervical-thoracic spine. The author examines the relationship between neck pain and thoracic spine conditions, providing approaches to effectively reduce pain and increase mobility. The article reveals specific methods and tools that contribute not only to pain relief but also to active restoration of mobility in both parts of the spine. The author takes into account the individual characteristics of patients, offering a personalized approach to the physical therapy program. The proposed methodology helps to improve the general condition of the body, psycho-emotional state, mobility in the thoracic spine, and reduce pain in the neck, shoulder girdle, and thoracic spine. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed physical therapy program for patients with neck pain and impaired mobility of the thoracic spine (kyphotic posture), a study was conducted on 5 patients who were observed at the Institute of Vertebrology and Rehabilitation clinic in Kyiv. Kyiv.
Fecal short chain fatty acids role in atrial fibrillation paroxysm pathogenesis through coronary artery disease patients
Authors: Melnychuk Iryna , Lyzogub Viktor
Published: March 2024

gut microbiota composition and its metabolites is an essential part of human health. Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are known gut microbiota metabolites. Lack of them is common for dyslipidemia and inflammatory changes. But their role in atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary artery disease (CAD) pathogenesis is still uninvestigated. The aim: to estimate the fecal short chain fatty acids changes in patients with atrial fibrillation paroxysm and coronary artery disease and found their connections with known cardiometabolic risk factors. Materials and methods: 300 patients were investigated. We divided them into 3 groups: I group – 149 CAD patients without rhythm disorders, II group – 124 patients with CAD and AF paroxysm and control group (CG) – 27 patients without CAD and arrhythmias. Fecal SCFA was checked by gas chromatography with mass electron detection. Results: Fecal SCFA changes in patients with AF paroxysm and CAD were found in our investigation. Isocaproic and isobutyric fecal acids appears in CAD and AF patients’ samples in comparison with control group. In the patients with AF and CAD significant increasing of valeric (1128,43%) and decreasing butyric (78,75%), isovaleric (56,29%), caprylic (99,21%) acids, medium chain fatty acids (95,54%) and unsaturated fatty acids (38,76%) levels was revealed in comparison with CAD patients without arrhythmias (P<0,05). The largest amount of correlations was between total amount of SCFA, medium chain fatty acids (total amount = 7), butyric acid (total number = 6) and cardiometabolic risk factors (P<0,05). The acceptable role of total amount of short chain fatty acids (AUC = 0.7907) and butyric acid (AUC=0.7127) in AF paroxysm occurrence in CAD patients was proven by ROC-analysis. Conclusions: SCFA-synthesis violations were reveled in patients with atrial fibrillation paroxysm and coronary artery disease. To propose the new ways of gut microbiota and cardiometabolic risk factors correction will be interesting for future investigations.
Justification of Intensive care management of children with severe COVID19 (а case study)
Authors: Tkachuk Roman , Koloskova Olena , Garas Mykola , Bilous Tetyana , Gurina Iryna , Polishchuk Andii , Antoniichuk Viktoriia
Published: March 2024

the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic that spread across the world and lasted for more than 3 years had significant medical and social consequences. Despite the fact that in the children's population the coronavirus infection has a milder course and a much lower risk of mortality, there are individual cases with pre-existing comorbidities that cause severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Thus, in most cases, severe COVID-19 developed in children with pre-existing conditions, including: immunodeficiency, diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma, etc. Therefore, comorbidities disposed children to progress to severe Covid-19 which requires treatments with more aggressive therapeutic tactics and personalised management. The article presents a clinical case of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in an early age child. The patient was observed in the Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Department of the Chernivtsi Regional Children's Clinical Hospital. Due to acute respiratory infection, the child has been developing signs of respiratory failure. The available instrumental findings confirmed right lung pneumonia, complicated by pneumothorax. Laboratory tests confirmed leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hypertransfusion, increased procalcitonin, increased level of C-reactive protein, D-dimer and interleukin-6 as well as circulating immune complexes. The treatment regimen included respiratory protection (oxygen therapy), support of hemodynamics (infusion of glucose-saline solutions), administration of intravenous normal human immunoglobulin, a short course of parenteral glucocorticosteroids, the use of step-by-step combined antibacterial therapy and a direct-acting antiviral drug (remdesivir), and thromboembolism prophylaxis (low-molecular-weight heparin). Following intensive treatment, the child's condition was characterised by a slow positive dynamics, leading to full recovery. This case demonstrates the need for timely detection of life-threatening conditions caused by COVID-19 and requires an aggressive management of child's condition using a complex intensive therapy.
CPCT image combination algorithm for 3D cephalometry
Authors: Burlakov Pavlo
Published: March 2024

3D cefalometry as a method of diagnosis of orthodontic patients for treatment planning has many advantages over the classical adopted as the "gold standard" 2D, but its main disadvantage is the large retgenological load on the patient when conducting MSCT or CBCT of a large field of vision (FOV 25*25 cm). To develop an ALARA principle (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) diagnostic protocol and reduce the dose-area product (DAP) per patient during 3D orthodontic diagnostics (cephalometry) by combining CPCT images taken on a scanner with a smaller field of vision (FOV). Methods : CBCT images of the upper and lower jaw and  temporo mandibular joints of the middle patients who sought dental assistance at the «Expir» clinic.  Mimics Medical software (Materialise, Belgium) Based on our developed and patented method of cephalometric analysis DVB, it has been shown that it is possible to perform a cephalometry analysis and to plan orthodontic treatment on combined CBCT images and thus reduce the DAP for the patient to 1532 mGr*cm2. The digital approach to the improvement of diagnostic methods, developed in accordance with the ALARA principles, allows to improve the quality of orthodontic services and reduce the X-ray load on patients.
Patterns of Psychosocial Dynamic Factors Surrounding Suicide Notes on Facebook Platforms: A Netnographic Approach
Authors: Oguntayo Rotimi , Noibi Tajudeen
Published: March 2024

Studies have shown that suicide-related discourse on social media is increasing. This study explored the patterns of psychosocial impact of Facebook communities in mitigating suicidal behaviors. This netnographic study content analyzed two cases of suicide notes shared on Facebook platforms. Participants were observed within relevant Facebook groups, and data were collected through direct participation and field notes. Findings revealed five themes: (i). emotional expression; (ii). triggers and contributing factors; (iii) desire for help and support; (iv).patterns of suicidal expression; and (v) patterns and dynamics of intervention. The role of empathy and the alleviation of grief in suicide prevention were shown. The study emphasized the integration of e-intervention programs with supportive online communities, with more research on the netnography approach to suicidal notes and behaviors on social media.
An Ecological Study of Alstonia Venenata R.Br. (Apocynaceae: Rauvolfioideae) and Cryptolepis Buchanani R.Br. Ex Roem. & Schult. (Apocynaceae: Periplocoideae)
Authors: Aluri Jacob Solomon Raju , Rao Chappidi Prasada , Ramana Kunuku Venkata
Published: March 2024

_Alstonia venenata_ and _Cryptolepis buchanani_ belong to Apocynaceae family. The two species with shrubby habit occupy different locations but both bloom during summer season. _A. venanata_ flowers are milky white and very prominent during forenoon period. The relative positions of floral sex organs facilitate the occurrence of autonomous autogamy. Butterflies and honey bees visit the flowers during forenoon period only when the former collect nectar while the latter collect pollen but both act as pollinators. The fruit production rate in this species is a result of autognomous autogamy and vector-mediated self- and cross-pollination. _C. buchanani_ flowers are greenish-yellow, nectariferous and unattractive to the flower visitors present in that area. The low fruit production rate in this species is exclusively a result of autonomous autogamy. Fruit is a paired follicle in both plant species and each follicle produces several to numerous seeds according to the production rate of ovules in flowers. Follicles shed seeds when dry and the seeds thus liberated are dispersed by wind and hence both _A. venenata_ and _C. buchanani_ are anemochorous.
WebODM: An Open-Source Alternative to Commercial Image Stitching Software for Uncrewed Aerial Systems
Authors: Patel Sahaj , Chintanadilok Jesse , Hall-Scharf Brittany , Zhuang Yilin , Strickland Joseph , Singh Aditya
Published: March 2024

This publication aims to help UAS operators become familiar with advanced data processing tools integrated into the WebODM FOSS. The central aim of this publication is to underscore the process and sequence involved in producing data and outcomes by acquainting users with the fundamental features of WebODM. Written by Sahaj Patel, Jesse Chintanadilok, Brittany Hall-Scharf, Yilin Zhuang, Joseph Strickland, and Aditya Singh, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, February 2024.
Indigo from Indigofera spp.: Historical and Cultural Overview
Authors: Moon Pamela , Li Yuncong , Meru Geoffrey , Vendrame Wagner , Molnar Terence , Wu Xingbo
Published: March 2024

This EDIS publication is to introduce indigo as a new economic crop in south Florida. It highlights the historical and cultural background, including identification and distribution, uses, and history of indigo. The information included in this publication could be of interest to researchers, students, extension agents, growers, the dye industry, and the public.
What if prescribed fire is not an option? A review of alternative treatments.
Authors: Andreu Michael G , Kinslow Christopher , Enloe Stephen
Published: March 2024

Fire has been a significant part of southeastern American forests for thousands of years. Prescribed fire is an effective method to achieve some land management goals, but sometimes it is not possible to use this tool. Fortunately, there are alternative treatment options that land managers can consider. Although none of these surrogate treatments will produce the same suite of benefits as prescribed fire, they can mimic some of the benefits that prescribed fire creates and are better than applying no treatments. This publication provides an overview for landowners and land managers that want to understand surrogate treatments and the economic and ecological tradeoffs associated with each treatment.
Vanilla Growing in South Florida
Authors: Wu Xingbo , Moon Pamela , Chambers Alan , Crane Jonathan
Published: March 2024

Vanilla extract is popular around the world as an ingredient in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications. The botanical source of vanilla extract is primarily the cured beans of Vanilla planifolia. The United States is the world's largest importer of vanilla beans, but domestic production is minimal. Southern Florida has a favorable growing environment for vanilla cultivation. Though currently there is no commercial production of vanilla in southern Florida, it has the potential to be a highly profitable crop in the future. This publication aims to provide basic information to growers interested in establishing a vanillery.