bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The partial renovation of old factory buildings - Performance study of the inorganic vitrified micro-bubble external wall insulation system
Authors: Ding Xianglu , Shang Wei
Published: August 2022

This paper took the partial renovation project of an old factory building in Wuhan as an example to study its external wall insulation system. A new insulation system was designed based on inorganic vitrified micro-bubbles. The material was briefly analyzed. The performance of the new insulation system was detected by designing test specimens. The results found that the specimens had good compressive, tensile and flexural properties, reaching the standard of A1 grade of construction materials, the specimens were non-combustible, and the temperature change of the concrete base was stable under the action of heating-cooling and heating-rain cycles, suggesting good thermal insulation performance. The results verify the effectiveness of the insulation system. The insulation system can be better applied in practice.
Menschenwürde und Achtung
Authors: Rommel Herbert
Published: August 2022

Human rights thinking interprets absolute human dignity as the moral reason for respecting oneself and all other persons. In the current dignity debate, this justification is increasingly being criticised. It is claimed that human dignity is not the moral reason but a consequence of acts of respect. In this regard, the explosive question arises as to which moral reason should replace human dignity. It must be noted that the concept of human dignity as a consequence of personal conduct are not able to close this ethical justification gap. A reflective line of argumentation can show that the founding value of human dignity is indispensable.
Wo ist der Vater?
Authors: Wolf Jean-Claude
Published: August 2022

The biblical book of Job is part of the traditional literature of antiquity but is also read as fictional literature in modern times. The figure of Job carries the prayer cry ‘Where is the Father?’ in his name. The story of Job and his passionate dialogues with friends revolve around the questions of why the righteous have to suffer and why God chose them to do so. Job only accepts an answer from God’s own mouth. But how is it possible to hear God’s voice? “Does our society allow communication with God?” (N. Luhmann). This book’s reflections on Job try to extend the thoughts of S. Kierkegaard, R. Girard, N. Kermani, M. Susman and M. Buber.
Medizinstrafrecht
Authors: Waßmer Martin Paul
Published: August 2022

Das Lehrbuch stellt die zentralen Themen des Medizinstrafrechts dar, dessen Bedeutung im vergangenen Jahrzehnt erheblich zugenommen hat. Sie reichen von der Strafbarkeit nach den Körperverletzungsdelikten (einschließlich Fragen der ordnungsgemäßen Aufklärung und Einwilligung) über die Sterbehilfe bis hin zum Schwangerschaftsabbruch, zum Schutz von Embryonen und Stammzellen, zur Schweigepflicht und zu wirtschaftsstrafrechtlichen Fragestellungen (Abrechnungsbetrug, Vertragsärzt:innenuntreue, Korruption im Gesundheitswesen). Fälle aus der Rechtsprechung fördern das Verständnis. Wiederholungs- und Vertiefungsfragen am Ende jedes Kapitels und ein Anhang mit gängigen Begriffsdefinitionen erlauben die eigenständige Lernkontrolle.
Beteiligungsbezogene Publizität
Authors: Kraack Jörg-Peter
Published: August 2022

The book designs a new type of holdings-related disclosure in order to compensate for the functions of behavior control and the guarantee of correctness of the formation of collective wills associated with the proportionality of voting power and economic risk (capital principle) for the listed stock corporation.

On the occasion of the Empty Voting phenomenon, it is shown that the traditional, rigid capital principle has become dysfunctional in the changed reality and dogmatics of the listed AG. The restoration of functions required by the principle of sovereignty of associations and of share ownership is effected by the holdings-related disclosure: as a flexible company- and market-convergent instrument, it guarantees behavioral control and confidence in the system and the correctness of will and market price formation. As investor disclosure-regime, its origin lies in the membership with the corporation, it is reflexive law and principle-based regulation.
Der Gerichtsvollzieher und seine Aufgaben in Portugal | O Agente de Execução e as Suas Funções em Portugal
Authors: Rodrigues e Silva Gabriel
Published: August 2022

The Portuguese legislature decided only in 2003 to introduce the judicial-officer-system. The Portuguese judicial officer "Agente de Execução" was created. The French judicial officer served as a model, and yet Portugal, like Germany, went its own way in implementing and structuring the judicial officer and his duties. This thesis examines this relatively new enforcement body and its tasks in detail. Finally, differences to the German bailiff are highlighted. Essential norms from the Portuguese Code of Civil Procedure were translated into German for this purpose and are part of the work.
Flexibilität und Fragmentierung durch Arbeitnehmer*innenüberlassung
Authors: Kolfhaus Paul
Published: August 2022

The protection of temporary agency workers is commonly treated simply as the antithesis of corporate needs for flexibility. More important, however, is its role in the fragmenting effect of temporary agency work. On the basis of the legal and actual framework conditions, Paul Kolfhaus highlights the mechanisms at work in temporary agency work. According to his analysis, the considerable undercutting of the principle of equal treatment observed in collective bargaining agreements is contrary to European Union law; the required overall protection of temporary agency workers can today only be guaranteed in a roundabout way. As an alternative, the author points to the structural advantages of a mandatory obigation to equal treatment.
Primary Health Care Quality Assessment Frameworks: State of the Art Review
Authors: Rezapour Ramin , Letaief Mondher , Khosravi Ardeshir , Farahbakhsh Mostafa , Ahmadnezhad Elham , Azami-Aghdash Saber , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh
Published: August 2022

Context: Quality Assessment Frameworks (QAFs) are essential in monitoring progress in the primary health care (PHC) system. Different QAFs are used in countries to assess PHC quality. Objectives: This study aimed to review and compare the QAFs and highlight the most frequent quality indicators and dimensions. Methods: This state-of-the-art review was conducted on PHCQAFs. Required data were collected through search in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases, World Health Organization and World Bank websites, and Ministry of Health websites up to January 2022. The main keywords were quality, “primary healthcare”, PHC, “primary care”, “primary health services”, “basic healthcare”, assessment, evaluation, monitoring, measurement, improvement, indicator, OR index, pattern, framework, and model. Comparative tables were used to compare the defined quality dimensions (QDs) and quality assessment indicators (QAIs). Results: Finally, 14 PHCQAFs were retrieved, containing 94 QDs and 785 QAIs. Three PHCQAFs were proposed at the international level and others at the national level. Accessibility, coordination, and safety were the most frequent QDs, and QAIs related to smoking, alcohol and substance abuse, diabetes care, vaccination, chronic heart disease care, respiratory/infectious disease care, hypertension care, population coverage, community participation, customer satisfaction, maternal and child health, adverse event, health information management, staff empowerment, referral system, and patient rights were the most frequent among PHCQAFs. Conclusions: The current study illustrates the similarities and differences between PHCQAFs and highlights important QDs and QIs in PHC. Also, it provides a ready way for health policymakers to address key quality aspects that can help countries accelerate progress in the quality of PHC.
Screening of Occult Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection in Working Children, Tehran, Iran
Authors: Marjani Arezoo , Garshasbi Saba , Khanaliha Khadijeh , Kahyesh-Esfandiary Roya , Dehghani-Dehej Farzaneh , Babaei Roghayeh , Sadeghi Mohsen , Keyvani Hossein , Esghaei Maryam , Fakhim Atousa , Bokharaei-Salim Farah
Published: August 2022

Background: Working children are susceptible to infection with various infectious microorganisms. Unfortunately, the difficulties of working children are growing at a remarkable speed worldwide. Objectives: The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, as well as to evaluate the level of anemia, calcium, and phosphorus in working children. Methods: This cross-sectional research was performed on 370 Iranian and Afghan working children from February 2018 to May 2019. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb), hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), and anti-HCV Ab were evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, HCV-RNA and genomic HBV-DNA in the plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) specimens of the participants were investigated. The restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was used to determine the genotype of HCV, and sequencing was performed to confirm. Results: The mean age of the participants was 10.1 ± 2.1 years (range, 6 - 15 years), and 229 (61.9%) were male. None of the studied children had any detectable HBV-DNA in the plasma and PBMC. The HCV genome was not detected in the plasma of the children, but HCV-RNA was assessed in the PBMC sample of 1 child (0.3%). Therefore, one of the children had occult HCV infection (OCI). The genotype of HCV in this child was subtype 1a. Furthermore, HBsAb was detected in Iranian (41.5%) and Afghan children (40.0%), and 2 (0.54%) of the working children were HBsAg positive. In 3 participants (0.8%), a positive HBcAb test result was noted. Conclusions: The prevalence of HCV and HBV infection in working children in Iran is extremely rare. However, there is a possibility of the presence of OCI in these children.
A Quick Review of the Family Chironomidae (Order Diptera) with Effect on the Environment
Authors: Shahidi-Hakak Fatemeh , Amid-Motlagh Mohammad Hadi , Khosravani Mousa
Published: August 2022

Context: The Chironomidae family is more sensitive to changes in water environment quality. This taxon is tolerant in stream ecosystems. Thus, it could be used as a bio-indicator of freshwater to recognize the presence of contaminants with deleterious effects on human health. Evidence Acquisition: We searched keywords Chironomidae, bioindicator, environment, water stream, water quality, anthropogenic disturbance, pollutant, fossil, industrial waste, and aquatic habitats. Chironomidae was used once in single and again in combination with others. Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer, ScienceDirect, PubMed, ProQuest, JSTOR, EBSCO, BioOne, ResearchGate, Sage, Wiley Online Library, and SID were used as databases or search engines. Then, the results were sorted into four sections: Distribution and ecology, biotic indicators, food, and paleoecological studies. Results: The identification key of chironomids should be improved based on morphological and molecular data to determine this family more clearly. Identifying sub-fossil chironomid insects found in the sediments of lakes unravels the range of environments during the history of its aquatic habitat through paleoecological investigations. Conclusions: Chironomidae at genera or species has variations in traits in the ecosystems. Each species as a bio-indicator has different tolerable condition in its own habitat .Overall, the role of this family in all types of pollutants is ambiguous. More studies are needed to particularize the importance of Chironomidae based on genera and species.
Standardizing Pathologic Evaluation of Breast Carcinoma After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Sahoo Sunati , Krings Gregor , Chen Yunn-Yi , Carter Jodi M. , Chen Beiyun , Guo Hua , Hibshoosh Hanina , Reisenbichler Emily , Fan Fang , Wei Shi , Khazai Laila , Balassanian Ronald , Klein Molly E. , Shad Sonal , Venters Sara J. , Borowsky Alexander D. , Symmans W. Fraser , Ocal I. Tolgay
Published: August 2022

Context.—

Neoadjuvant systemic therapy refers to the use of systemic agent(s) for malignancy prior to surgical treatment and has recently emerged as an option for most breast cancer patients eligible for adjuvant systemic therapy. Consequently, treated breast carcinomas have become routine specimens in pathology practices. A standard protocol has not yet been universally adopted for the evaluation and reporting of these specimens. The American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system recognizes the challenges in staging breast carcinomas after neoadjuvant treatment and provides important data points but does not currently provide detailed guidance in estimating the residual tumor burden in the breast and lymph nodes. The Residual Cancer Burden system is the only Web-based system that quantifies treatment response as a continuous variable using residual tumor burden in the breast and the lymph nodes.

Objective.—

To provide clarifications and guidance for evaluation and reporting of postneoadjuvant breast specimens, discuss issues with the current staging and reporting systems, and provide specific suggestions for future modifications to the American Joint Committee on Cancer system and the Residual Cancer Burden calculator.

Data Sources.—

English-language literature on the subject and the data from the I-SPY 2, a multicenter, adaptive randomization phase 2 neoadjuvant platform trial for early-stage, high-risk breast cancer patients.

Conclusions.—

This article highlights challenges in the pathologic evaluation and reporting of treated breast carcinomas and provides recommendations and clarifications for pathologists and clinicians. It also provides specific recommendations for staging and discusses future directions.
The Justification-Application Spectrum
Authors: Wu Megan
Published: August 2022

Contemporary political discourse has seen the rise of discussion about identity characteristics such as race, gender, and class, and the moral role that these characteristics should play in political dialogues. This trend emphasizes Concrete features of the self, in contrast to the Kantian/Rawlsian conception of the Generalized self, where the only morally relevant feature of agents is their rationality. Rather than seeing these views as mutually exclusive, I defend Seyla Benhabib’s reconciliation of the Generalized and Concrete Others from critical theorists who deny that the Generalized Other is applicable to complicated contemporary dilemmas that involve a multitude of different identities and standpoints. Though I defend the middle ground that Benhabib illuminates between the Generalized and Concrete Others, I argue that Benhabib’s position is strengthened by an understanding of contexts as spectrums between the justification of principles and their application, rather than as distinct categories, which Benhabib posits. I argue that this model best matches the real deliberative processes through which policies are created and allows for the necessary flexibility required by a communicative process of ethical deliberation.
The Nature of Human Knowledge in Light of Empiricism After a Critique of Kantian Epistemology
Authors: Arıcı Burak
Published: August 2022

This philosophical study attempts to provide a cogent solution to the debate between rationalism and empiricism by defending the empiricist standpoint. Although Kantian conception of knowledge, in a way, proposes a reconciliation of these two schools of philosophy by rendering human mind a prominent element in the formation of knowledge along with sensory data acquired from the external world on the grounds of an elucidation within the a priori-a posteriori and analytic-synthetic dichotomies, this understanding, indeed, brings about groundless ideas and contradictory results after observing the emergence of the incompatibility between the suggestions of this theory and some occurrences in the world. Yet, analyticity and the knowledge of the self, seemingly, jeopardize our conclusions that are in favor of empiricism by indicating the self-evident existence of a priori knowledge in the way they are known. Nevertheless, after ascertaining that analyticity which fundamentally resides in the realm of logic, in fact, stems from syntheticity like other principles of logic, and that the knowledge of the self arises in the presence of experience, these aspects that cause difficulty in our investigation can be resolved: after all, we can argue that analyticity and a priority are not possible, and hence, the philosophy which represents the only way to have knowledge is empiricism in the existence of syntheticity and a posteriority. In parallel, it can be concluded that the knowledge of the external world possessed through common-sense appears as self-evident in accordance with the self-evident property of the self, and all laws of nature and all logical or mathematical laws, rules, and principles, in the absence of analyticity and a priority, can be known within the synthetic a posteriori framework through the scientific method in which the principle of unfalsifiability is used in congruence with an examined structure or scale of reality.
Don't Get Hung Up in the Middle
Authors: Agarwal Yash
Published: August 2022

Grounding chains are usually taken to be top-ist, grounded in the largest entity (the cosmos), or bottom-ist, grounded in the smallest entity(ies) (mereological atoms). Between these two, middle-ism, the view that grounding chains terminate in middle-sized entities (like iPhones, toasters, amoebae), is almost never considered. Sarah Bernstein in her paper Could a middle level be the most fundamental? argues for the plausibility for middle-ism. In this paper I argue against Bernstein in that middle-ism is a view much more problematic than top-ism or bottom-ism. This is shown in three ways. The paper first shows how the middle level itself is problematic. The second problem is that middle-ism leads to a contradiction with respect to the notion of relative fundamentality, and third, middle-ism creates fatal problems for the parthood relation. Through these three issues, the paper shows how middle-ism is problematic in lieu of having fatal problems which refrain it from serving as the theory to explain fundamentalia and subsequently grounding structures.
Digitale artefakter i matematikundervisningen
Authors: Kaup Camilla Finsterbach , Dau Susanne
Published: August 2022

Computationel tankegang er et centralt begreb, når der tales om teknologiinddragelse i folkeskolen. Denne artikel adresserer brugen af di- gitale artefakter til at understøtte elevernes computationelle og matematiske forståelse og undersøger, hvilke potentialer der kan opstå. Dermed sætter artiklen fokus på et forskningsfelt, som er relativt uudforsket, og hvor der fortsat mangler empirisk viden. Formålet er at undersøge lærerens brug af digitale artefakter i didaktiske iterative cyklusser. Teorien om semiotisk mediering bruges til indholdsanalyse af brugen af digitale artefakter på tværs af de didaktiske cyklusser, da denne teori er velegnet til at belyse tegn på mediering. Det empiriske datagrundlag består af en case, som inkluderer observationer fra undervisningen fra tre 3. klasser på samme skole. Fokus er centreret om den ene klasses arbejde med micro:bits som digitalt artefakt. Undersøgelsens resultater peger på, at lærerens mediering, og op-mærksomhed på dertil hørende tegn, har afgørende betydning for elevernes anvendelse, forståelses- og brugskompetencer indenfor computationel tankegang i matematikundervisningen.
Virtuelle laboratorier – redskaber at tænke med
Authors: Lisborg Sanne
Published: August 2022

I artiklen undersøger jeg, hvilke læringspraksisser der bliver konstrueret, når virtuelle laboratorier bliver en del af naturfagsundervisningen i skolen. Jeg viser, hvordan to forskellige former for virtuelle laboratorier bliver brugt i undervisningen med afsæt i begreberne ”redskab-for-tanke” (Shaﬀer & Clinton, 2006) og et ”objekt-at-tænke-med” (Papert, 1980). Det ene laboratorie lægger op til en mere åben og eksplorativ læringspraksis, hvor eleverne kan eksternalisere deres idéer, og det virtuelle laboratorie bygger bro mellem det abstrakte og konkrete. Det andet laboratorie er mere instruerende og bliver i højere grad brugt som forberedelse til det undersøgende arbejde og som en interaktiv teoribog. Jeg peger desuden på paradokset i, at det virtuelle laboratorie tilbyder et sikkert læringsrum, men samtidig bliver risiko- og konsekvensfrit.
Åbn undervisningens ‘black boxes’
Authors: Ejsing-Duun Stine , Gravesen Laura Bøgelund , Ager Andreas Harboe Salskov , Dirckinck-Holmfeld Lone
Published: August 2022

Covid-19 krævede i 2020 og 2021 en omstilling til online undervisning på universiteterne. Denne artikel udforsker, hvordan en gruppe studerende og undervisere på kurset IKT, interaktion og organisation på Informationsvidenskab, Aalborg Universitet i København har brugt oplevelserne fra den digitale omstilling, som grundlag for at gentænke undervisning og de etablerede didaktiske designs gennem og med anvendelse af teknologi. De studerende fik til udfordring at videreudvikle brugen af ​​Moodle som en læringsplatform til støtte for undervisning og læring online og on-site i kontekst af problem-baseret læring (PBL). Igennem arbejdet åbnedes især to ‘Black boxes’ - dvs. processer, der er gensidigt usynlige, når undervisningen afvikles som sædvanligt. Disse black boxes omfattede  henholdsvis de studerendes forberedelse og undervisernes tilrettelæggelse af undervisning. Artiklens bidrag er netop fortsat at åbne disse black boxes gennem brug af teori, interviews og designudvikling samt at blotlægge de aktører og strukturer, som ellers ikke ekspliciteres i undervisningen.
Burden of Congenital Haemolytic Anaemias among the Rural Paediatric Population of Central India
Authors: Ali Manal Ashraf , Ahmed Minhajuddin , Upadhyay Nitesh
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Childhood anaemia may be caused due to many factors, including malnutrition, chronic infections, deficiency of iron and vitamins, parasitic infections. On haematological work up the most common finding is microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Inherited defects in Red Blood Cell (RBC) and haemoglobin structure and metabolism result in congenital haemolytic anaemia. About 4.2% of all paediatric microcytic anaemias are diagnosed with haemoglobinopathies. Thalessaemia and other haemoglobinopathies have a large representation in the Indian subcontinent. A study of the extent of these hereditary anaemias will help in formulating a targeted approach of spreading awareness and educating couples in target population, who are planning conception. Aim: To comprehend the incidence of congenital haemolytic anaemias in the paediatric population of central India, and to evaluate their clinico-haematological status. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Paediatric Anaemia Clinic at Chirayu Medical College and Hospital (teaching, tertiary care hospital), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, from January 2021 to December 2021. All relevant details regarding clinical history, consanguinity, family history of the patients were recorded. Investigations done included-complete blood count, reticulocyte count, sickling test, Naked Eye Single Tube Red Cell Osmotic Fragility Test (NESTROFT) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). All the relevant data collected was entered into Microsoft Excel and frequency, distribution, standard deviation were analysed and calculated. Results: Amongst the total 1080 cases of microcytic hypochromic anaemia in the Paediatric Anaemia Clinic, there were 55 cases of congenital haemolytic anaemias. Of these 55 cases of congenital haemolytic anaemias, there were 41 (74.54%) cases of thalassaemia (four major and 37 minor thalassaemia), 11 (19.9%) cases of sickle cell anaemia, 1 (1.81%) case of Hereditary Persistence of Foetal Haemoglobin (HPFH) and 2 (3.63%) cases of Haemoglobin J variant (HbJ). The haemoglobin values were the lowest in the β-thalassaemia major patients, followed by sickle cell disease. Foetal Hb (HbF) was highest in β-thalassaemia major at and the HPFH case had foetal haemoglobin of 35%. Conclusion: In the current study, 5.09% of the paediatric population presenting to the clinic were diagnosed with congenital haemolytic anaemias, with major representation of β-thalassaemia, followed by sickle cell trait. This lifelong burden of haemolytic anaemias on the children and their families may be reduced by active counseling and awareness programs.
CICLO DE GREVES NA AGROINDÚSTRIA AÇUCAREIRA: Pernambuco, 1964 a 1968
Authors: Pinheiro Koury Mauro Guilherme
Published: August 2022

Este artigo faz uma revisão das greves rurais no setor da agroindústria açucareira da Zona da Mata Pernambuco, Brasil, no período pós-golpe militar de 1964 a 1968, com base em material documental, especialmente da fonte jornalística da época. Observando a composição do bloco no poder e as alianças  estabelecidas entre setores políticos conservadores e o clero, o artigo explora a ambigüidade do papel dos sindicatos rurais da região, à época, que oscila entre um órgão de colaboração com o Estado autoritário e de representação dos interesses de classe dos trabalhadores rurais da região no pós-64. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: greves rurais, autoritarismo, reestruturação do movimento sindical rural. RURAL STRIKES IN THE BRAZILIAN ZONA DA MATA: Pernambuco, 1964 and 1968 Mauro Guilherme Pinheiro Koury This paper reviews the rural strikes in the sugar agribusiness sector of Zona da Mata in Pernambuco, Brazil, in the period post- military coup, from 1964 to 1968, based in documental material, especially newspaper articles of the time. Observing the composition of the block in power and the alliances established between conservative political sectors and the clergy, the paper explores the ambiguity of the role of the rural unions of the area, at the time, a role that oscillates between an organ of cooperation with the authoritarian State and of representation of the interests of the rural workers’ of the area post-64. KEYWORDS: rural strikes, authoritarianism, reorganization of the rural syndical movement. CYCLE DE GREVES DANS L’AGROINDUSTRIE SUCRIERE: Pernambuco, 1964 et 1968 Mauro Guilherme Pinheiro Koury Sur la base de documents essentiellement issus de journaux de l’époque, cet article présente une nouvelle lecture des grèves dans le secteur de l’agroindustrie du sucre de la région de “Zona da Mata” dans l’Etat de Pernambouco au Brésil, au cours de la période allant de 1964 à 1968, après le coup d’état militaire. En observant la composition des forces du pouvoir et des alliances existantes entre les secteurs politiques conservateurs et le clergé, l’article se penche sur l’ambiguïté du rôle des syndicats ruraux de la région à ce moment-là, qui oscille entre un organe de collaboration avec l’Etat autoritaire et de représentation des intérêts de la classe des travailleurs ruraux de la région après 1964. MOTS-CLÉS: grèves rurales, autoritarisme, restructuration du mouvement syndical rural. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
O DIREITO DAS MINORIAS E AS NAÇÕES INDÍGENAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Ferreira Levy Maria Stella
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo trata de questões da história, do direito, da economia, da antropologia, da sociologia, da política, no que tange a minorias, salientando alguns marcos significativos da política indigenista brasileira na década de 1980. No que tange aos direitos humanos aplicados às minorias, se anteriormente o fulcro era a proteção desses direitos, hoje se demanda a sua regulação e a garantia jurídica, fomentando uma reordenação dessas relações. Essa foi uma grande contribuição da Constituição de 1988 no que diz respeito às comunidades indígenas que habitam o território nacional. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: minorias, povos indígenas, direitos constitucionais, direitos humanos, leis. THE MINORITIES RIGHTS AND THE INDIGENOUS NATIONS IN BRAZIL Maria Stella Ferreira Levy The present paper regards issues on history, law, economy, anthropology, sociology, politics, concerning minorities, pointing out some significant cornerstones of the Brazilian indigenist policies in the decade of 1980. With respect to the human rights applied to minorities, if previously their fulcrum was the protection of those rights, today their regulation and juridical warranty are demanded, fomenting a realignment of these relationships. That was a great contribution of the Constitution of 1988 in what regards the indigenous communities that inhabit Brazilian national territory. KEYWORDS: minorities, indigenous peoples, constitutional rights, human rights, laws. LE DROIT DES MINORITES ET LES NATIONS INDIGENES AU BRESIL Maria Stella Ferreira Levy Cet article traite de sujets de l’histoire, du droit, de l’économie, de l’anthropologie, de la sociologie, de la politique liés à la question des minorités, en mettant en évidence quelques étapes importantes de la politique indigène brésilienne des années 1980. En ce qui concerne les droits de l’homme appliqués aux minorités, si avant, les fondements en était la protection de ces droits, aujourd’hui on exige leur régularisation et qu’ils jouissent d’une garantie juridique grâce à une réorganisation de ces relations. Telle a été la grande contribution apportée par la Constitution de 1988 pour les communautés indigènes qui habitent sur le territoire national. MOTS-CLÉS: minorités, peuples indigènes, droits constitutionnels, droits de l’homme, lois. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
TRANSFORMAÇÕES METROPOLITANAS: São Paulo e Salvador
Authors: Moreira de Carvalho Inaiá Maria , Pasternak Suzana , Machado Bógus Lúcia
Published: August 2022

Este artigo se propõe a discutir os impactos do processo de globalização sobre as grandes metrópoles brasileiras com base em uma análise comparativa da trajetória recente de São Paulo e Salvador, que oferece ricos elementos para essa discussão. Partindo da literatura atual sobre esse tema, ele analisa até que ponto os fenômenos associados ao referido processo estariam levando a maiores transformações na estrutura social e urbana dessas aglomerações. Constata, com esta análise, que elas apresentam certa estabilidade ao lado de algumas mudanças, cuja diversidade e complexidade não vêm sendo contempladas pelas formulações teóricas mais correntes. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: metrópoles, globalização, transformações metropolitanas, São Paulo, Salvador. METROPOLITAN TRANSFORMATIONS: São Paulo and Salvador Inaiá Maria Moreira de Carvalho Suzana Pasternak Lucia Machado Bógus This paper aims to discuss the impacts of the globalization process on Brazilian metropolises based on a comparative analysis of the recent trajectory of São Paulo and Salvador, which provides rich information for this discussion. Starting from the current literature on this topic, the paper analyzes the extent to which the phenomena associated with this process are leading to greater changes in the social and urban structures of these agglomerations. It is noted, with this analysis, that they present some stability next to some changes, whose diversity and complexity are not being addressed by the most current theoretical formulations. KEYWORDS: cities, globalization. metropolitan transformations São Paulo, Salvador. TRANSFORMATIONS MÉTROPOLITAINES: Sao Paulo et Salvador Inaiá Maria Moreira de Carvalho Suzana Pasternak Lúcia Machado Bógus Cet article se veut d’ouvrir une discussion à propos des impacts du processus de mondialisation sur les grandes métropoles brésiliennes, fondée sur l’analyse comparative de la trajectoire récente de Sao Paulo et de Salvador qui apporte de riches informations à cette discussion. À partir de la littérature actuelle concernant ce sujet, on examine dans quelle mesure les phénomènes associés à ce processus mèneraient à de plus amples transformations au sein de la structure sociale et urbaine de ces agglomérations. Grâce à cette analyse, on en arrive à la constatation qu’elles présentent une certaine stabilité à côté des quelques changements dont la diversité et la complexité ne sont pas prises en considération dans les formulations théoriques les plus courantes. MOTS-CLÉS: métropoles, globalisation, mondia-lisation, transformations métropolitaines, São Paulo, Salvador. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
CONFLITO E INTEGRAÇÃO NAS FRONTEIRAS DOS “BRASIGUAIOS”
Authors: Lindomar Albuquerque José
Published: August 2022

O artigo analisa inicialmente as formas diversas de conflito e integração nas áreas de forte presença de brasileiros na sociedade paraguaia. O texto centraliza na discussão relacionada às línguas nacionais nessa região de fronteiras. Reflete ainda sobre as formas de resistências dos paraguaios ao avanço dos imigrantes e da cultura brasileira, particularmente por meio da escola e do ensino das duas línguas nacionais: o espanhol e o guarani. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: fronteira, integração, conflito. CONFLICT AND INTEGRATION ON THE BRASIGUAYAN BORDER José Lindomar Albuquerque This paper at first examines the various forms of conflict and integration in areas of strong Brazilian presence in Paraguayan society. The text centers on discussions related to national languages in this borders region. It also reflects on the forms of resistance by Paraguayan to the advancement of Brazilian culture and immigrants, particularly through school and the teaching of the two national languages: Spanish and Guarani. KEYWORDS: border, integration, conflict. CONFLIT ET INTÉGRATION AUX FRONTIÈRES DES “BRÉSIGUAIS” José Lindomar Albuquerque L’article analyse tout d’abord les diverses formes de conflit et d’intégration dans les régions de forte concentration de population brésilienne dans la société paraguayenne. L’étude se concentre sur la discussion relative aux langues nationales dans cette région frontalière. Il s’agit également d’une réflexion concernant les manières qu’ont les Paraguayens de résister à l’avancée des immigrants brésiliens et de leur culture, tout particulièrement par le biais de l’école et de l’enseignement des deux langues nationales: l’espagnol et le guarani. MOTS-CLÉS: frontière, intégration, conflit. PPublicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br   Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
A SUBSTANCIALIDADE DOS PROCEDIMENTOS OLIGÁRQUICOS NO BRASIL ENTRE 1995 E 1998: as análises de Faoro
Authors: De Rezende Maria José
Published: August 2022

Este estudo mapeia as reflexões de Raymundo Faoro, na segunda metade da década de 1990, com base em artigos e entrevistas publicados pelo autor na revista Carta Capital, acerca da continuidade ou não dos procedimentos políticos que reafirmavam as dificuldades de constituição de práticas mais duradouras na consolidação da democracia no país. A análise desses materiais jornalísticos, tomados como documentos, elucida alguns fundamentos dos embates travados, na década de 1990, por diversos segmentos sociais presentes na arena política. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: democracia, oligarquia, autoritarismo, mudança política, reformas. A SUBSTANTIALITY OF OLIGARCHIC PROCEDURES IN BRAZIL BETWEEN 1995 AND 1998: the Faoro Analyses Maria José de Rezende This study maps the reflections of Raymundo Faoro, in the second half of the 1990s, based on interviews and published papers by the author in the Carta Capital magazine, about the continuity or not of the political procedures  that reaffirm the difficulties of the creation of more enduring practices in the consolidation of democracy in the country. The analysis of these journalistic materials, taken as documents, elucidates some fundamentals of the clashes waged, in the 1990s, by various social groups present in the political arena. KEYWORDS: democracy, oligarchy, authoritarianism, political change and reform. LA CONSISTANCE DES PROCÉDÉS OLIGARCHIQUES AU BRÉSIL ENTRE 1995 ET 1998: les analyses de Faoro Maria José de Rezende Cette étude systématise les réflexions de Raymundo Faoro, dans la deuxième moitié de la décennie de 1990, en se basant sur les articles et les interviews publiés par l’auteur dans la revue Carta Capital concernant la poursuite ou non des procédés politiques qui réaffirment les difficultés rencontrées pour constituer des pratiques plus durables de consolidation de la démocratie dans le pays. L’analyse de ce matériel journalistique, considéré comme document, éclaire certains aspects fondamentaux des affrontements qui ont eu lieu dans les années 1990 au sein de divers groupes sociaux présents dans l’arène politique. MOTS-CLÉS: démocratie, oligarchie, autoritarisme, changement politique, réformes. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br   Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
ESTUDAR A RELIGIÃO A PARTIR DO CORPO: algumas questões teórico-metodológicas
Authors: M. Rabelo Miriam C.
Published: August 2022

Neste artigo, discuto alguns dos caminhos analíticos que a reflexão sobre o corpo nas ciências sociais contemporâneas abre para o estudo da religião. A discussão é desenvolvida em três partes, cada qual abordando um conjunto de questões inter-relacionadas. A primeira apresenta a noção de compreensão encarnada e tece algumas considerações acerca do papel da sensibilidade na experiência religiosa. A segunda dá continuidade a essa discussão, tratando especificamente a questão do aprendizado religioso e da articulação da agência na religião. A terceira e última parte retoma o tema da agência, considerando o papel dos objetos no desenvolvimento das habilidades que fazem de uma pessoa um agente. Cada uma dessas temáticas é introduzida a partir de exemplos ou casos advindos de minha própria pesquisa no candomblé e no pentecostalismo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: corporeidade, sensibilidade, agência. STUDYING RELIGION FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE BODY: some theoretical and methodological questions Miriam C. M. Rabelo The present paper presents some of the new avenues of inquiry which have been opened in the study of religion by the growing concern with the body in contemporary social theory. The discussion is organized in three main parts, each dealing with a specific set of questions. The first part introduces the concept of bodily understanding and considers the role of sensibility in the shaping of religious experience. The second develops this issue further, dealing with the themes of religious learning and the articulation of agency through religious practice. The third and last part of the paper approaches the question of agency through consideration of the role of objects in the development of the skills that are necessary for a person to become an agent. KEYWORDS: embodiment, sensibility, agency. ÉTUDIER LA RELIGION À PARTIR DU CORPS: quelques questions théoriques et méthodologiques Miriam C. M. Rabelo Cet article présente quelques alternatives analytiques qu’une réflexion sur le corps dans les sciences sociales contemporaines offre pour une étude de la religion. L’analyse se fait en trois parties, chacune d’elles traitant d’un ensemble de questions interdépendantes. La première présente la notion de compréhension incarnée et fait quelques considérations sur le rôle de la sensibilité dans l’expérience religieuse. La deuxième approfondit l’analyse en abordant plus spécifiquement la question de l’apprentissage religieux et de l’articulation de l’agence dans la religion. La troisième et dernière partie reprend le thème de l’agence en tenant compte du rôle des objets dans le développement des habiletés qui font qu’une personne devient un agent. Chaque thème est introduit à partir d’exemples ou de cas issus de recherches personnelles dans le candomblé et le pentecôtisme. MOTS-CLÉS: corporéité, sensibilité, agence. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br   Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
HEIDEGGERIANISMO DE ESQUERDA OU MARXISMO FENOMENOLÓGICO? RECONSIDERANDO A TEORIA CRÍTICA DA TECNOLOGIA DE HERBERT MARCUSE
Authors: Abromeit John
Published: August 2022

Diferentemente de interpretações recentes sobre a teoria marcuseana da tecnologia, elogiosas ou críticas, que identificam nela uma forte e contínua influência de Heidegger, pretendo mostrar, no presente artigo, que Marcuse toma de empréstimo elementos importantes da fenomenologia de Heidegger e, mais ainda, de Husserl, mas que essses elementos são apropriados dentro de uma abordagem teórica geral marxista. Dessa maneira, enfatizam-se os fatores sociais e históricos como os determinantes últimos da tecnologia e da racionalidade tecnológica. Com isso, o presente artigo procura esclarecer a relação entre o marxismo e a fenomenologia na obra tardia de Marcuse.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Marcuse, Heidegger, teoria crítica, tecnologia, marxismo.LEFTIST HEIDEGGERIANISM OR PHENOMENOLOGICAL MARXISM? Reconsidering Herbert Marcuse’s Critical Theory of Technology John AbromeitUnlike recent interpretations of Marcuse’s theory of technology, be it in praise or criticism, which identify in it a strong and continuing influence of Heidegger, I intend to show in this article, that Marcuse borrows important elements of Heidegger’s phenomenology, and even more so, Husserl’s, but also that these elements are appropriate within a general Marxist theoretical approach. Thus, the social and historical factors are emphasized as ultimates determinants of technology and technological rationality. Therefore, this paper seeks to clarify the relationship between Marxism and phenomenology in Marcuse’s later work.KEYWORDS: Marcuse, Heidegger, critical theory, technology, Marxism. HEIDEGGERIANISME DE GAUCHE OU MARXISME PHÉNOMÉNOLOGIQUE? Reconsidérant la Théorie Critique de la Technologie de Herbert Marcuse John AbromeitContrairement aux interprétations récentes de la théorie marcusienne de la technologie, remplies d’éloges ou de critiques, qui identifient en elle une influence forte et continue de Heidegger, j’ai l’intention de montrer dans cet article que Marcuse emprunte des éléments importants à la phénoménologie de Heidegger et, plus encore, de Husserl, mais que ces éléments sont appropriés dans une approche théorique générale marxiste. Ainsi les facteurs sociaux et historiques sont mis en évidence en tant que déterminants de la technologie et de la rationalité technologique. De cette manière, cet article essaie d’expliquer la relation entre le marxisme et la phénoménologie dans l’œuvre tardive de Marcuse.MOTS-CLÉS: Marcuse, Heidegger, théorie critique, technologie, marxisme. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br   Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
TTRABALHADORES DESEMPREGADOS E LUTA COLETIVA: dificuldades e possibilidades
Authors: Franco Leal Giuliana
Published: August 2022

Este artigo propõe uma discussão sobre as possibilidades de reação coletiva ao desemprego por parte dos trabalhadores desempregados. Realiza-se uma revisão bibliográfica e uma pesquisa de campo de caráter qualitativo, baseada em entrevistas semiestruturadas com trabalhadores que não fazem parte de movimentos sociais envolvidos com a questão do desemprego, no município de Campinas (SP), e de militantes de um movimento de trabalhadores desempregados, nas cidades de Campinas e do Rio de Janeiro. Desenvolvem-se hipóteses sobre quais são os obstáculos e os impulsos para que trabalhadores desempregados se organizem em associações pela defesa de seus interesses. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: desemprego, trabalhadores desempregados, movimento social, classes sociais, luta social.UNEMPLOYED WORKERS AND COLLECTIVE STRUGGLE: difficulties and possibilities Giuliana Franco Leal This article proposes a discussion about the possibilities of collective reaction, towards unemployment by the unemployed workers. It performs a literature review and a field research of qualitative nature, based on semi-stuctured interviews with worker who are not involved in social movements regarding the unemployment question, in Campinas (São Paulo) and activists of the movement of unemployed workers, in the cities of Campinas and Rio de Janeiro. Developing hypothesis about what are the obstacles and impulses for unemployed workers organize themselves into associations aiming to defend their interests. KEY WORDS: unemployment, unemployed worker, social movement, social class, social struggle.CHÔMEURS ET LUTTE COLLECTIVE: difficultés et possibilités Giuliana Franco Leal Cet article propose une discussion concernant les possibilités de réaction collective des chômeurs face au chômage. On y présente une recherche bibliographique et une recherche qualitative effectuée sur le terrain avec des interviews semi-structurées faites auprès de travailleurs de la municipalité de Campinas (État de São Paulo) qui ne font pas partie des mouvements sociaux concernés par le chômage. Des militants appartenant à un groupement de chômeurs dans les villes de de Campinas et de Rio de Janeiro ont aussi été interviewés. Des hypothèses ont été avancées à propos des obstacles et des motivations capables de mobiliser les chômeurs pour qu’ils s’organisent en association pour défendre leurs intérêts.   MOTS-CLÉS: chômage, chômeurs, mouvements sociaux, classes sociales, lutte sociale. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br   Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
TERRITORIALIDADES E SABERES LOCAIS: muros e fronteiras na construção do saber acadêmico
Authors: Bastos da Costa Accioly Cecília
Published: August 2022

63 Accioly

Neste artigo, contextualizo os paradigmas atuais que possibilitam a

análise do sistema de organização

cultural (os

saberes acadêmicos e locais) e as

instituições de

ensino superior. Proponho a discussão das

diferenciações disciplinares e hierarquias

arraigadas em

nossa sociedade e, em princípio, da

superação

através dos

olhares sobre as regiões fronteiriças da

construção social. Sustento a

relação dos

saberes formadores das culturas, ressaltando seu momento de

separação e hierarquização

devido a uma

aplicação do método

científico formador da

construção do conhecimento acadêmico; e

a atual

discussão sobre sua re-união sob a

ótica de uma

epistemologia do cotidiano.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: territorialidades, saberes locais, saber

acadêmico, epistemologia do cotidiano.

TERRITORIALITY AND LOCAL KNOWLEDGE: walls and frontiers in the

construction of the academical knowledge

Cecília Bastos da Costa Accioly

This article puts in context, the current paradigms which make possible

the analyses of the system of cultural organization (the academical and

local knowledge) and the institutions of higher education.

Proposing a discussion of the different disciplinary and consolidated

hierarchies in our society and in principle of overcoming through

observation of regions of social construction frontier. Support to the

relationships of culture formation knowledge, highlighting its moments

of separation, hierarchy due to the application of the scientific

method developer of academical knowledge construction; and the current

discussion about its reunion under the view of a epistemology of

everyday life.

KEY WORDS: territoriality, local knowledge, academical knowledge,

epistemology of everyday life.

TERRITORIALITÉS ET SAVOIRS LOCAUX: murs et

frontières pour la construction du savoir

académique

Cecília Bastos da Costa Accioly

Cet article situe les paradigmes actuels qui permettent

d’analyser le système d’organisation

culturelle (les

savoirs académiques et locaux) et les institutions

d’enseignement supérieur. On y propose la

discussion des

différenciations disciplinaires et hierarchiques

enracinées dans notre société ainsi

qu’un

dépassement grâce à un regard sur les

régions frontalières de la construction sociale.

On y

affirme la relation des savoirs qui forment les cultures, en soulignant

le moment de séparation et de hierarchisation en fonction

d’une mise en place de la méthode scientifique

formatrice

de la construction de la connaissance académique ainsi que

l’actuelle discussion concernant sa ré-union dans

l’optique d’une épistémologie

du quotidien.

MOTS-CLÉS: territorialités, savoirs locaux,

savoir académique, épistemologie du quotidien.

Publicação

Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br

 

Publicação

Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh