bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Two-tier Multiple Choice Diagnostic Test for Analyzing Students' Misconceptions in High School Physics Learning
Authors: Rohmantika Nuning , Kurniawan Eko Setyadi , Sriyono Sriyono
Published: October 2022

Physics is a subject related to the environment so that it requires students to study nature and apply it in life. However, in learning sometimes students have difficulty understanding physics concepts and cause students to experience misconceptions. Therefore, a two-tier multiple choice diagnostic test is needed to analyze students' misconceptions. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the two-tier multiple choice diagnostic test to analyze students' misconceptions in terms of content validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The research model is instrument development. The research design used is true experiment research with pretest posttest control. The subject of this research is class X MIPA MA Negeri Purworejo. Data collection in this study used validation sheets, observation sheets, student response questionnaires, and two-tier multiple choice diagnostic tests. The results showed that: 1) content validation for the construct and language aspects obtained from 3 validators got an Aiken V index of 1 for all items included in the high validity category, 2) a practical two-tier multiple choice diagnostic test in terms of sheets. observations with reliable categories and good responses and responses from students, 3) student learning outcomes have increased with an N-gain of 0.5 which is included in the medium category and students' misconceptions are found on the subject of momentum, impulse, and collision by 41.20% which is at medium level. Thus the two-tier multiple choice diagnostic test is declared valid, practical, and effective so that it is feasible to analyze students' misconceptions in learning physics.
Effectiveness of Android-Based Waterwheel Teaching Aid to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Najikhah Nisrina , Akhdinirwanto Raden Wakhid , Ashari Ashari , Balulu Nasrun
Published: October 2022

A study has been carried out on android-based waterwheel props used for dynamic fluid learning. The aim is to increase skills of critical thinking of students. The research subjects were 22 students of the sixth semester of Physics Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. The implementation of the research is: before learning students are given a pretest of skills of critical thinking, then learning is carried out using an android-based waterwheel prop, then given a posttest with questions that weigh the same as the pretest questions. Furthermore, n-gain was calculated from the pretest-posttest tests of critical thinking skills, and analyzed by parametric and/or non-parametric analysis of statistical. The results of this study is a significant increase in skills of critical thinking at the 5% significance level with an average n-gain greater than  0.7 which means in the high category, and the Anova test produces a Sig score. of 0.342 which means it is greater than the probability score of  0.05 so that Anova test results show that there are similarities in the improvement of skills of critical thinking in the two learning meetings.
Efficacy of Regimens in the Treatment of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors:   Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wang Wanqing , Huang Fei , Han Chunchao
Published: October 2022

Review question / Objective: Efficacy of Regimens in the Treatment of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Network Meta-Analysis. Condition being studied: Latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus (LADA) in adults is a highly heterogeneous autoimmune disease with clinical and genetic characteristics between Type 1 Diabetes（T1DM） and Type 2 Diabetes（T2DM）, and therefore there are no uniform criteria for the selection of therapeutic agents. We conducted a web-based meta analysis to evaluate the efficacy of various therapeutic agents for LADA by comparing their effects on various indicators reflecting LADA disease.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI AIR PERASAN BUAH PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Davit Nugraha  , Anna L. Yusuf  , Veri Nugraha  , Panji Wahlanto  , Marlina Indriastuti
Published: October 2022

Bakteri Staphylococus aureus merupakan bakteri patogen dan dapat menyebabkan infeksi mulai dari infeksi kulit ringan sampai dengan infeksi sistemik. Sebagian besar pada awal mulanya Staphylococus aureus peka terhadap penisilin, namun setelah meluasnya penggunaan penisilin ditemukan 65% sampai 85% Staphylococus aureus menghasilkan beta laktamase sehingga menjadi resisten terhadap penisilin G.  Hal tersebut diatas mendorong pengobatan alternatif yang aman dan tidak menimbulkan resistensi untuk menanggulangi infeksi bakteri Staphylococus aureus.  Perasan buah pepaya sering terdengar penggunaan dimasyarakat untuk pengobatan jerawat secara turun temurun, ini dimungkinkan perasan buah pepaya mempunyai efek anti bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan daya hambat air perasan buah papaya (Carica Papaya L) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode pengujian daya hambat pada air perasan buah papaya menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60% dan 80%. Air perasan buah pepaya pada penelitian ini mempunyai kemampuan daya hambat yang sedang terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, serta konsentrasi yang paling efektif sebesar 60%.
The vestibollo-collic reflex (VCR) - short presentation of the technique
Authors:   Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, Romania, Roceanu Adina ,   Department of Neurology, Headache Research Unit, Liège, Belgium, Schoenen Jean ,   Department of Neurology, Headache Research Unit, Liège, Belgium,   Neurobiology Research Centre, University of Liège, Belgium, De Pasqua Victor ,   Department of Neurology, Headache Research Unit, Liège, Belgium, Bajenaru Ovidiu ,   Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, Romania
Published: October 2022

The vestibullo-collic reflex (VCR) or Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (VEMP) is a new non-invasive method for assessment of vestibular function. VEMP are recorded over ipsilateral sternocleidomastoidian muscle tonically contracted during monoaural intense clicks deliver via headphones (Colebatch method). VEMPs are useful diagnostic test in a variety of peripheral and central vestibulopathies.
The effect of a short functional electrical stimulation training programme on gait parameters in chronic stroke survivors
Authors:   “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Ignat Bogdan ,   Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Duca Andreea ,   “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Bohotin Valentin ,   “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania,   Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Poboroniuc Marian ,   “Gh. Asaki” Technical University, Iasi, Romania, Popescu Cristian Dinu ,   “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania,   Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Romania
Published: October 2022

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a procedure that is increasingly accepted as part in the rehabilitation programme of stroke survivors. The effectiveness of FES upon gait parameters (speed, stride length, energetic consumption) is generally proven (different studies showing improvement in some or in all parameters) for training programs of 2 weeks to 2 months or more. We have investigated the effectiveness of a short program (6 days) of peroneal nerve stimulation with an ODFS2 device. Stimulation was synchronised with the swing phase of gait. 15 chronic stroke survivors (average time from stroke 13 months, SD=8.21) have been training for 30-45 minutes each day, 6 days. Speed, stride length and physiological cost index have been measured over a 25 m straight course, with and without the use of FES. Increase in speed, stride length and a decrease of effort (physiological cost index, PCI) were recorded after 6 days, both for normal gait and for the FES enhanced gait, but statistical significance was not reached for normal gait PCI . There was a significant supplementary increase in speed for FES gait compared to normal gait. No changes were recorded in spasticity (Ashworth scale), voluntary movement (Brunnstromm scale), independence (Barthel index). We concluded that even short time use of FES training can be beneficial to stroke patients.
Thunderclap headache caused by a pituitary non-functioning tumour presenting as spontaneous pituitary apoplexy
Authors:   Department of Endocrinology, ”Iuliu Hatieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Georgescu Carmen E. , Ilie Ioana ,   Department of Endocrinology, ”Iuliu Hatieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Moldovan Florina ,   ”Ion Minea“ Clinic of Neurology Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Stan Horatiu ,   Department of Neurosurgery, ”Iuliu Hatieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Albu Silviu ,   Department of Otorhinolaringology, ”Iuliu Hatieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Duncea Ileana ,   Department of Endocrinology, ”Iuliu Hatieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: October 2022

Hemorrhagic or ischemic pituitary apoplexy is a rare neuro-endocrine emergency, potentially leading to coma. Neuro-ophthalmic symptoms or complications are amongst the most prevalent clinical features at onset, especially in previously asymptomatic patients. Usually, permanent pituitary insufficiency of various degrees follows, implying long-term hormone substitutive therapy. Rarely, the association of pituitary apoplexy with diabetes insipidus has been noticed. We report the case of a young, apparently healthy 32-year-old man presenting with thunderclap headache, fever, optic chiasm compression, central diabetes insipidus and central thyro-gonadic insufficiency. Magnetic resonance imaging and neurosurgery revealed a clinically non-functioning macro-adenoma developing pituitary hemorrhage. One year after the apoplectic episode, complete recovery of diabetes insipidus and pituitary function was confirmed.
Cerebrovascular flebothrombosis. A review of a few cases
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Municipal Hospital, Lugoj, Romania, Serpe Mircea
Published: October 2022

Background: The clinical spectrum of the cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) is wide and nonspecific. With the development of neuroimaging techniques, their identification recently improved. Objectives: To collect data, identify causes and risk factors, to evaluate treatment and outcome. Patients and methods: 67 patients were admitted between 1998-2008. Their demographic, clinical, radiological data were analysed. The diagnosis was based on MRI+MRA, and/or CT+DSA. Received treatments and outcomes (mRS) were recorded at admission, after 1st and 3rd month, respectively. Results: Sex distribution was: 35 women, 32 men; their average age was 41.92 years; 24 out of 35 women were fertile. The major clinical manifestations included headache, in 40 patients, focal neurological deficit in 8 patients, papilledema in 10 patients. All patients underwent CT, MRI+MRA in 41 patients, DSA in 4 patients. The most frequent thrombosed sinus was superior sagittal sinus (30 patients). Risk factors were identified for 32 patients. After 90 days after admission, death rate was 5.97% (4 patients), and 73.84% made a recovery between 0-2 mRS. Conclusion: CVT were underdiagnosed in our region (low percentage of admissions for benign intracranial hypertension). Even though the percentage of women of fertile age was great, oral contraceptives were not an important risk factor. Diagnostic methods and emergency management were not yet standardized enough, while anticoagulants were systematically used.
A case of recurrent acute ischemic stroke after rtPA fibrinolysis in a patient with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Tiu Cristina , Terecoasa Elena ,   Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Gavan Carmen ,   Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Bajenaru Ovidiu ,   Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: October 2022

We report the case of a 61-year-old man, with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, who was hospitalized for paresthesia and weakness in lower and upper extremities; during hospitalization he developed acute ischemic stroke for which he received fibrinolytic therapy with rtPA with complete remission of his symptoms; six hours later he developed a new ischemic stroke with progressive aggravation and death.
Study about cognitive performances in elderly patients with epilepsy
Authors:   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Pirscoveanu Denisa , Tudorica Valerica ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Zaharia Cornelia ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Matcau Diana ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania, Trifan Florin ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Stanca Diana ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
Published: October 2022

A significant proportion of patients with epilepsy are at an increased risk of cognitive impairment. The goal of our study was to assess the cognitive state in elderly patients with idiopathic epilepsy. We studied 48 patients (20 men and 28 women, mean age 71,1± 4,5 years and mean educational level 10,8 ±1 years). They had a duration of the disease at least 6 years and a stable medication for 3 months prior the study. The types of seizures were as follows: 9 of the patients had tonic-clonic seizures, 5 patients had tonic seizures, 3 patients with clonic seizures, 18 patients with simple partial seizures and 13 patients with complex partial seizures. We have also included in our study a control group composed of 52 control subjects with the same range of educational level and age. The controls had no neurological or psychiatric illness, no family history of seizures, no history of medication. To assess the cognitive state we tested the patients using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at baseline, after 6 months and one year later. Our study in dynamics notice that the patients group showed a cognitive impairment after 6 months of study, but not considerable statistically in comparison to the control group. One year later, the patients with epilepsy had significant statistically cognitive decline in comparison to the control group (p < 0,05). The most cognitive affected were patients with tonic-clonic seizures. The patients on antiepileptic polytherapy showed greater cognitive impairment than those patients on monotherapy. The most cognitive domains affected were attention, concentration and memory.
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Popescu Dan , Antochi Florina ,   Department of Neurology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: October 2022

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by the deposition of congophilic material in small to medium-sized blood vessels of the brain and leptomeninges. In its most severe stages, the amyloid deposits cause breakdown of the blood vessel wall with resultant hemorrhage. We present the case of a 70 year old patient who suffered a spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage with a probable diagnosis of CAA.
Giant cell arteritis with eye involvement - color doppler imaging (cdi) of retrobulbar vessels findings
Authors:   “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, County Emergency Hospital, Department of Neurology, Timisoara, Romania, Jianu Dragos Catalin , Jianu Silviana Nina ,   Military Emergency Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Timisoara, Romania, Petrica Ligia ,   “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, County Emergency Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Timisoara, Romania, Deme Sanda Maria ,   “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, County Emergency Hospital, Department of Neurology, Timisoara, Romania, Petrica Maxim ,   “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, County Emergency Hospital, Department of Neurology, Timisoara, Romania, Kory-Calomfirescu Stefania ,   “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, County Emergency Hospital, Department of Neurology, Timisoara, Romania, Serpe Mircea ,   “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, County Emergency Hospital, Department of Neurology, Timisoara, Romania
Published: October 2022

Background. Giant cell arteritis is a primary vasculitis, that affects medium-sized arteries, especially branches of the ECA. Purpose. The main objective was to assess the role of CDI of retrobulbar vessels in the study of two patients with Horton’s disease with eye involvement. Methods. We have used a sonographer with 8-15 MHz linear probe for CDI of orbital vessels. Results. Both patients presented malaise, temporal headache, tender temporal arteries and laboratory signs of inflammation. The first patient had a left central retinal artery obstruction, and the second one had a left ischaemic optic neuropathy. They presented a painless, severe loss of vision of the left eye. Temporal artery histology was positive in both cases. Ultrasound investigation was performed before corticosteroid treatment. CDI of retrobulbar vessels detected low blood velocities, especially end-diastolic velocities and high resistance index in all retrobulbar vessels, in both orbits, for both patients (especially on the affected side). Typical sonographic features in temporal arteritis were ”dark halo sign” (vessel wall thickening), associated with stenoses or occlusions of branches of ECA. Interestingly, in both cases, the CCA and the ICA were, also, affected. Conclusions. Ultrasound technique is a valuable diagnostic tool to investigate giant cell arteritis.
Brainstem capillary telangiectasias in a pacient with central vestibular syndrome
Authors:   Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Mergeani Athena , Antochi Florina ,   Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: October 2022

Capillary telangiectasias represent one of the four types of brainstem vascular malformations, characterized by multiple thin-walled vascular channels, interposed between normal brain parenchyma of unknown etiology. They are most of the time an incidental radiologic finding, almost all patients being asymptomatic. We present the case of a 65 years old male, admitted to our clinic for recurrent episodes of horizontal diplopia to lateral gaze on the left side, dizziness and unsteadiness of gait. The cerebral MRI showed imaging features characteristic for capillary telangiectasias in the brainstem and the cerebral angiography was normal.
Arteriovenous malformation associated with bilateral medium cerebral artery duplication
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, Sabau Monica , Comanescu Alexandra ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, Maghiar Teodor ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, Popa Ioana ,   “Iuliu Hatieganu“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
Published: October 2022

Cranial magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) performed in a 23 old patient who presented for a generalized tonico-clonic seizure revealed the association between an AVM and bilateral duplication of MCA. The duplicated MCA did not supply the AVM.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome for the emergency neurologist
Authors:   Internal Medicine, Outpatient Clinic of “Alexandru Obregia” Psychiatry Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Mihailescu Cristian
Published: October 2022

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) represents an infrequent but serious complication of the treatment with neuroleptics, mainly typical but also atypical. NMS can occur at any age and irrespective of gender and comorbidities, while the risk factors are incompletely known. NMS manifestations are marked but nonspecific, making possible the presentation of such patients to the emergency department (ED) of any specialty, neurological in particular. The poor prognosis of NMS derives from its difficult diagnosis and its severity, leading to serious complications and even fatalities when adequate treatment is not applied as early as possible. The purpose of this article is to help assist in accurate assessment management of a patient presenting with signs and symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) in the emergency department (ED).
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with frontotemporal dementia
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sibiu, Romania, Roman-Filip Corina , Rociu Ciprian ,   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sibiu, Romania, Ungureanu Aurelian ,   Neurology Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Sibiu, Romania
Published: October 2022

We present the case of a 64 years old male admitted to our neurological clinic for progressive limb weakness associated by memory impairment and behavioral changes. This case is a particular association between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and dementia, association that is found in 5% from all cases of ALS. Such cases can be misdiagnosed in early stages when the motor neuron signs are discrete. The present case is such an example, the patient being diagnosed and treated for Alzheimer dementia.
Behçet disease
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Buraga Ioan , Martin Roxana ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Dobrescu Adrian ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Buraga Magda ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: October 2022

Behçet disease is a form of vasculitis that can lead to ulceration and other lesions. The etiology is not well-defined, but it is characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels. There is no specific pathological test for Behçet disease at present. It is diagnosed clinically by specific patterns of symptoms and repeated outbreaks.
Resistant epilepsy
Authors:   Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Roceanu Adina , Mindruta Ioana ,   Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Epileptology Center, University Hospital, Grenoble, France, Ichim Bogdan ,   Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Onescu Ina ,   Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Bajenaru Ovidiu ,   Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: October 2022

Pharmacoresistant epilepsy is defined as the persistence of seizures despite adequate use of antiepileptic drugs, with a minimum of two first-line drugs either as monotherapy or in combination as appropriate to the epileptic syndrome. We present the case of a 31 years old male, with extratemporal lobe epilepsy, MRI negative who proved to be resistant to medical treatment. A benefit-and-risk assessment of all treatment alternatives should consider also epilepsy surgery in this case.
Indirect carotid-cavernous fistula of low-flow type: Color Doppler Imaging of retrobulbar vessels findings
Authors:   Department of Neurology, County Emergency Hospital, ”Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania, Jianu Dragos Catalin , Jianu Silviana Nina ,   Military Emergency Hospital, Department of Ophtalmology, Timisoara, Romania, Serpe Mircea ,   Department of Neurology, County Emergency Hospital, ”Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
Published: October 2022

Background. Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) of low-flow type are the results of development of communication between small arteries and veins of cavernous sinus. Aim. To assess the role of CDI of retrobulbar vessels in the study of two patients with CCF of low-flow type. Methods. We have used a sonographer with 9MHz linear probe. Results. The initial diagnosis was suspected clinically: both patients presented unilateral chemosis and orbital bruit. It was sustained by CDI of retrobulbar vessels: reversed flow in the superior ophthalmic vein, with a venous arterialisation and confirmed with complete selective digital subtraction angiography, which is essential for a correct diagnosis( early opacification of veins draining cavernous sinus, etc). Conclusions. CDI of retrobulbar vessels is a repetitive non-invasive technique, which is used for monitoring carotid-cavernous fistulas of low-flow type, because they are sometimes a self-limiting pathology (spontaneous venous thrombosis).
RESEARCH ON GENDER FEATURES ON THE WAY OF THINKING IN PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Кац Александра Семеновна
Published: October 2022

В статье приведен анализ гендерных особенностей мышления в педагогической практике с применением анкетирования в онлайн-формате. Актуальность статьи обусловлена тем, что гендер - это социальный пол, т. е. его основные характеристики приобретаются в процессе социализации личности. В статье рассмотрены маскулинный, фемининный и андрогинный типы личности в контексте гендерного подхода, при этом акцент сделан на андрогинности как способности личности адаптироваться к новым профессиональным и жизненным условиям, аккумулируя черты маскулинного и фемининного типов, что способствует лучшей адаптации к преодолению стресса. Рассмотрены позиции отечественных и зарубежных специалистов относительно изучения гендерных особенностей мышления. Ведущими методами исследования явились анкетирование и когнитивный анализ, позволяющий систематизировать и типологизировать знания об исследуемом объекте. В ходе работы установлено, что ведущими стилями мышления у студентов являются аналитический, реалистический и прагматический стили, позволяющие добиваться максимально высоких результатов обучения. Синтетический и идеалистический стили проявляются эпизодически, недостаточно ярко выражены. Сформулированы дидактические принципы, которые позволят педагогу максимально раскрыть учебный/творческий потенциал студентов с маскулинным и фемининным типами личности с учетом гендерного подхода.

The article provides the analysis of gender features of the way of thinking in pedagogical practice with introduction of questionnaires in the online format. The relevance of the article is due to the fact that gender is a “social sex”, i.e. its basic characteristics are obtained in the process of socialization. The article considers masculine, feminine, and androgyne types of a personality in the context of gender approach, and stresses on androgyny as a capacity of a personality to adapt to new professional and vital conditions, as well as to overcome stress easier. The author treats scientific ideas of Russian and foreign researchers on the issue of gender features of the way of thinking. The key methods of research are questionnaire and cognitive analysis, which allows to systemize and typologize an issued object. The author found out that analytical, realistic and pragmatic way of thinking are typical for students, and allow them to achieve the highest results in learning. Synthetic and idealistic styles of thinking can be traced episodically, they are not so much represented. Didactic principles are formulated, which allow to reveal study and creative potential of students with masculine type of personality and students with feminine type of personality, taking into consideration gender approach. The article is intended for scientists and practicing teachers in the sphere of gender approach in education.
Klinik Ortamlarda İntörn Hemşire Öğrencilerin Eğiticilerden Beklentileri: Kalitatif Çalışma
Authors: CEBECİ Fatma , TAT ÇATAL Arzu , UÇAK Ayşe
Published: October 2022

Eğitimlerinin önemli bir bölümünü klinik ortamlarda gerçekleştiren hemşirelik öğrencilerinin, uygulamalarda eğiticilerden beklentilerinin derinlemesine incelenmesi, öğrenme ortamlarının iyileştirilmesi ve mesleki bilincin geliştirilmesinde önemli bir ihtiyaçtır. Bu araştırma, klinik ortamlarda intörn hemşire öğrencilerin eğiticilerden beklentilerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Hastanesi’nde klinik uygulamaya çıkan ve bu kalitatif araştırmaya gönüllü yedi intörn hemşirelik öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine bireysel görüşmeler yoluyla çevrimiçi olarak toplanmıştır. Tüm görüşmeler kelimesi kelimesine tam anlamıyla yazıya dökülmüş ve tekrarlı okumalarla içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Verilerin analizinde “güvenli öğretim ortamı yaratma” ve “öğrenme kaynağı olarak bireyler” olmak üzere iki ana tema elde edilmiştir. Katılımcıların klinik ortamlarda güvenli öğretim ortamı yaratma teması dört ve öğrenme kaynağı olarak bireyler ise beş alt temadan oluşmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada intörn hemşirelik öğrencilerinin, klinik ortamlardaki öğretici kaynak algıları ve güvenli öğrenme ortamının özelliklerine ilişkin görüşleri ön plana çıkmıştır.
The Orbits of the Main Saturnian Satellites, the Saturnian System Gravity Field, and the Orientation of Saturn’s Pole*
Authors: Jacobson Robert. A.
Published: October 2022

Four spacecraft have been sent to investigate the Saturnian system: Pioneer 11, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, and Cassini. By analyzing data acquired with these spacecraft together with Earth-based and Hubble Space Telescope satellite astrometry and Saturnian ring and satellite occultations, we constructed a model for the orientation and precession of Saturn’s pole and determined gravitational parameters of the system and the orbits of the Saturnian satellites. This article provides details of our analysis and its results.
Transitions and Origin of the Type-B Quasi-periodic Oscillations in the Black Hole X-Ray Binary MAXI J1348–630
Authors: Liu H. X. , Huang Y. , Bu Q. C. , Yu W. , Yang Z. X. , Zhang L. , Kong L. D. , Xiao G. C. , Qu J. L. , Zhang S. N. , Zhang S. , Song L. M. , Jia S. M. , Ma X. , Tao L. , Ge M. Y. , Liu Q. Z. , Yan J. Z. , Ma R. C. , Ren X. Q. , Zhou D. K. , Li T. M. , Wu B. Y. , Xu Y. C. , Du Y. F. , Fu Y. C. , Xiao Y. X. , Ding G. Q. , Yu X. X.
Published: October 2022

The fast transitions between different types of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) are generally observed in black hole transient sources (BHTs). We present a detailed study of the timing and spectral properties of the transitions of type-B QPOs in MAXI J1348–630, observed by Insight-HXMT. The fractional rms variability–energy relationship and energy spectra reveal that type-B QPOs probably originate from jet precession. Compared to a weak power-law dominated power spectrum, when type-B QPOs are present, the corresponding energy spectrum shows an increase in the Comptonization component and the need for the xillverCp component, and a slight increase in the height of the corona when using the relxilllp model. Therefore, we suggest that a coupled inner disk-jet region is responsible for the observed type-B QPO transitions. The timescale for the appearance/disappearance of type-B QPOs is either long or short (seconds), which may indicate instability of the disk-jet structure. For these phenomena, we hypothesize that the Bardeen–Petterson effect causes the disk-jet structure to align with the BH spin axis or that the disappearance of small-scale jets bound by the magnetic flux tubes leads to the disappearance of type-B QPOs. We observed three events regarding the B/C transitions, one of which occurred over a short time period from ∼9.2 Hz (C) to ∼4.8 Hz (B). The energy spectral analysis for the other two transitions shows that when type-C QPO is present, the Comptonization flux is higher, the spectrum is harder, and the inner radius of the disk changes insignificantly. We suggest that type-C QPOs probably originate from relatively stronger jets or the corona.
Degradation of the Lunar Surface by Small Impacts
Authors: O’Brien Patrick , Byrne Shane
Published: October 2022

The surfaces of airless bodies like the Moon are bombarded by a steady stream of small impactors that lead to erosion of the topography over time. However, the rate of degradation from small impacts, a key parameter in interpreting the ages of present-day lunar surface features, is not well constrained. Here we demonstrate, using a numerical mass transport model, that impact erosion is a nonlinear diffusion process, in contrast to past studies of crater degradation that have assumed that the downslope mass flux of ejecta is linearly proportional to hillslope gradient. Nonlinearity is a consequence of the asymmetric shape of ejecta blankets on sloped surfaces, and as a result, the degradation rate on steep slopes is over 40% greater than on nearly flat surfaces. Using measurements of the morphology and formation rate of small primary and secondary craters, the kilometer-scale lunar landscape diffusivity is computed and compared to the value inferred from topographic profiles of degraded craters. We show that the abundance of decameter-scale craters forming on the Moon over the past decade is consistent with small impacts dominating the erosion of the lunar landscape, but only if the primary size−frequency distribution remains steep down to the submillimeter scale.
Anticipating the DART Impact: Orbit Estimation of Dimorphos Using a Simplified Model
Authors: Naidu Shantanu P. , Chesley Steven R. , Farnocchia Davide , Moskovitz Nick , Pravec Petr , Scheirich Petr , Thomas Cristina , Rivkin Andrew S.
Published: October 2022

We used the times of occultations and eclipses between the components of the 65803 Didymos binary system observed in its light curves from 2003 to 2021 to estimate the orbital parameters of Dimorphos relative to Didymos. We employed a weighted least-squares approach and a modified Keplerian orbit model in order to accommodate the effects from nongravitational forces such as binary YORP that could cause a linear change in mean motion over time. We estimate that the period of the mutual orbit at the epoch 2022 September 26.0 TDB, the day of the DART impact, is 11.921 487 ± 0.000028 hr (1σ) and that the mean motion of the orbit is changing at a rate of (5.0 ± 1.0) × 10−18 rad s−2 (1σ). The formal 3σ uncertainty in orbital phase of Dimorphos during the planned Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission is 5.°4. Observations from 2022 July to September, a few months to days prior to the DART impact, should provide modest improvements to the orbital phase uncertainty and reduce it to about 4.°2. These results, generated using a relatively simple model, are consistent with those generated using the more sophisticated model of Scheirich & Pravec, which demonstrates the reliability of our method and adds confidence to these mission-critical results.
Thermal Reactions between H2S and O3: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry
Authors: Tribbett Patrick D. , Loeffler Mark J.
Published: October 2022

Here we present a laboratory study demonstrating a low-temperature thermal oxidation reaction within H2O + H2S + O3 solid ice mixtures that produces observable sulfur anion products at temperatures as low as 90 K. This reaction primarily produces SO2, sulfur anions (including HSO

3

−

, HSO

4

−

, and SO

4

2
−

), and O2 at lower temperatures (90–140 K) and hydrated states of sulfuric acid (H2SO4: nH2O, where n = 0, 1, 4) at higher temperatures (150–250 K). We estimate that the overall activation energy to initiate these reactions is 20 ± 3 kJ mol−1, which is significantly lower than the activation energy required to oxidize SO2 to the sulfate ion. Given the detection of sulfur species on the surfaces of the Galilean satellites and the prevalence of radiolytically produced oxidants, we expect that these thermal reactions will play an important role in explaining the results obtained from future observations and missions that can measure the spatial distribution of these species.
Investigating the Martian Surface at Decametric Scale: Population, Distribution, and Dimension of Heterogeneity from Radar Statistics
Authors: Grima Cyril , Putzig Nathaniel E. , Campbell Bruce A. , Perry Matthew , Gulick Sean P. S. , Miller Russell C. , Russell Aaron T. , Scanlan Kirk M. , Steinbrügge Gregor , Young Duncan A. , Kempf Scott D. , Ng Gregory , Buhl Dillon , Blankenship Donald D.
Published: October 2022

Building on one decade of theory and methodology maturation, we investigate the coherent and incoherent components of the response of the Martian surface to nadir-looking orbital radar. We apply a reflectometry technique known as radar statistical reconnaissance to Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Shallow Radar data over a test region with a large dynamic range in echo strength. This technique provides a set of statistical parameters describing the heterogeneity of the surface and near-surface structure, presumably at a scale of ∼15 m. We discuss the physical meanings of these parameters related to surface and near-surface properties. Most (but not all) investigated terrains have a dominantly coherent surface return, a characteristic that is not necessarily indicative of a smooth surface. The observed behavior of the coherent and incoherent power components of the echo matches signal growth with increasing surface roughness. This finding allows us to identify smooth and level terrains that we use as a reference to approximate the surface height and slope variations of other regions. Nearly systematic mismatches between the SHARAD and MOLA-pulse-width roughness illustrate the complementarity of these data sets from their respective sensitivity range, and advocate for the use of self-affine radar backscattering models to account for roughness variations at different scales. Our methodology provides a wealth of surface properties assessment based on radar scattering with quasi-global coverage, without a dependence on other data, and at a decametric horizontal scale relevant to subregional geology investigation and landing site reconnaissance.
Os conceitos de infinito atual e infinito potencial em revistas brasileiras
Authors: Da Silva Siqueira Fernanda Kelly , Lorin João Henrique
Published: October 2022

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa que, em parte, investigou a diferenciação dos conceitos de infinito potencial e infinito atual. O conceito de infinito permeia a história da matemática, assumindo duas concepções, são elas: infinito potencial e infinito atual (ou infinito real). Considerando a relevância do estudo do conceito de infinito na matemática, neste estudo, pesquisamos como esses conceitos são abordados nas revistas brasileiras, ou seja, o objetivo neste trabalho é investigar abordagens relacionadas ao conceito de infinito em revistas brasileiras, além disso, apresentamos uma síntese histórica e epistemológica destes conceitos, buscando, a partir disso, fazer uma diferenciação entre eles. Para esse trabalho, foram investigados artigos científicos entre o intervalo de 2009 a 2018, em periódicos online brasileiros das áreas de ensino e educação, qualificados pela CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) com os extratos A1 a B5. Como recorte metodológico, foi pesquisado nos periódicos pelas palavras: infinito, infinito atual, infinito potencial, Georg Cantor e epistemologia do infinito. Em uma primeira etapa de investigação, foram selecionados dez artigos que, em uma segunda filtragem, após leitura mais qualificada, resultou em oito artigos selecionados. Com base nos objetivos dos artigos selecionados, elaboramos Unidades Temáticas de Contexto que se constituíram em duas: ensino-Aprendizagem do conceito de infinito na matemática; e Abordagens acerca da natureza do infinito.
Perspectivas curriculares a partir do ENEM e da BNCC: uma análise por meio de questões de química do ENEM dos anos 2018 e 2019
Authors: Siqueira Rafael Moreira , Santos Hálica Ramos
Published: October 2022

As atuais mudanças educacionais brasileiras, com aprovação de documentos norteadores do currículo, como a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), têm sido alvo de muitas discussões na sociedade. A BNCC tem o intuito de se tornar uma base para elaboração de currículos dos sistemas de ensino de esfera nacional e, associada à Reforma do Ensino Médio, determina novos rumos ao Ensino Médio, marcada pelo discurso da flexibilidade no currículo, protagonismo estudantil e educação integral. Esses documentos têm efeito direto no Ensino Médio e nos exames de larga escala, como no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM). Diante disso, e afunilando para Educação em Química, este estudo teve o objetivo de investigar como questões do ENEM se relacionam com os conteúdos químicos avaliados e com as competências e habilidades previstos em documentos curriculares como a BNCC e a matriz de referência do exame. Com base nesses objetivos, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, de cunho documental, cuja obtenção e análise de dados foi por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) e cujo corpus de trabalho foram questões selecionadas das provas do ENEM de 2018 e 2019. Nas questões analisadas, identificaram-se os conteúdos químicos presentes e as devidas categorizações com as competências e habilidades dos documentos curriculares, nas quais percebeu-se um caráter muito disciplinar e fragmentado do ENEM. O exame não conseguiu avaliar integralmente o desenvolvimento das competências e habilidades pelos estudantes, pois poucos desses objetivos de aprendizagem estavam presentes nas questões analisadas. Ainda, relacionando as questões analisadas com as competências e habilidades dos documentos, demonstrou-se um grande foco na avaliação de objetivos de caráter procedimental, do saber fazer, aproximando os objetivos avaliados ao mundo do trabalho e a conhecimentos mais utilitaristas, caracterizando ainda as possibilidades curriculares do ENEM e, especialmente, da BNCC, como esvaziadas de conteúdos e de possibilidades de formação integral.
Alfabetização científica nos anos iniciais: ressignificando os cientistas
Authors: Breunig Eduarda Tais , Oestreich Laura , Paim Matheus Gutler , Goldschmidt Andrea Inês
Published: October 2022

A alfabetização científica contribui na formação de cidadãos críticos e atuantes na sociedade, auxiliando no sentido de desmistificar e reconstruir concepções equivocadas da ciência e do cientista. Essa pesquisa objetivou analisar as concepções prévias de alunos de anos iniciais acerca dos cientistas e, a partir destas sinalizar as potencialidades de uma estratégia a fim de desmistificar possíveis concepções equivocadas contribuindo para a alfabetização científica. A metodologia contou com uma abordagem qualitativa, do tipo exploratório-descritivo. Foram desenvolvidos sete diferentes momentos: 1) tempestade cerebral sobre o que é ser um cientista; 2) Coleta e análise de desenho sobre as concepções prévias do que é um cientista; 3) desfile e gravação de justificativas dos alunos caracterizados de cientistas; 4) apresentação sobre quatro relevantes cientistas na ciência; 5) desenho sobre as concepções, após a intervenção; 6) conversação com os participantes, gravada em vídeo, sobre o que eles haviam compreendido com as atividades realizadas; e, 7) coleta e análise de desenho sobre as concepções a respeito do cientista após cinco meses da intervenção. Os materiais coletados durante a aplicação do projeto foram analisados e categorizados, onde percebemos que as concepções prévias dos alunos, em geral, estão associadas a uma imagem fragmentada do cientista, atrelada ao laboratório. Contudo, buscamos desmistificar tais concepções alternativas e ampliar seus conhecimentos. Os resultados finais demonstram que os alunos conseguiram ampliar seus conhecimentos a respeito do cientista.
Body and sexuality in teaching: notes to a foucaultian reading
Authors: Camões Hilgert de Oliveira Andressa , Nicolay Deniz Alcione
Published: October 2022

The present article aims to analyze textual production developed in Nature Science field, making it possible to identify and map different conceptions of body and sexuality presented. Therefore, we searched for articles in CAPES Journal Portal, published in several top level journals, using as search mechanism the words “body”, “sexuality”, “conceptions” and “Nature Science”, achieving a qualitative approach of the results that were found. A total of 12 articles was selected, published between the years 2004 and 2020, indexed in SciELO Brazil and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) platforms, considering four qualis extract (A1, A2, B1, B2), quadrennium 2013-2016. Obtained results were in an effort of verify that many conceptions found are away from the traditionally used in Science teaching, based almost exclusively in biomedical concepts. What we found was a great concern to conceptualize body and sexuality as part of the subject that is put in the world. Basically, we tried to find foucaultian conceptions of body/corporeality and their relation to sexuality, as well as the importance of the application of these conceptions in teaching and in the formation of subjects more aware of themselves.
Divulgação científica e a formação inicial de professores(as): uma experiência no cárcere
Authors: Versolato Marina Savordelli , Graciano Mariângela , Izidoro Emerson
Published: October 2022

A Banca da Ciência (BC) é uma proposta interdisciplinar de ações não formais de comunicação dialógica e crítica da ciência para crianças, adolescentes e público geral em espaços educativos escolares e não-escolares. Para além das Bancas fixas buscou-se encontrar uma maneira itinerante, simples e versátil para ser utilizada em diversos lugares e momentos, com ou sem as bancas, composto de cavaletes e tampos padronizados, o que levou à uma maior mobilidade das atividades do projeto. A BC tem como uma de suas preocupações a formação dos mediadores para atuação nos processos de divulgação científica. Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar as contribuições, para os futuros professores, da atuação como mediadores dos processos no âmbito da divulgação científica itinerante - no caso a Banca da Ciência – com experimentos científicos no contexto do cárcere. Para tanto observamos o processo interativo itinerante, no decorrer de uma apresentação da BC, entre os mediadores e os educandos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) privados de liberdade utilizando, para registro, diário de campo e fotos. Também foram promovidas, posteriormente, duas rodas de conversa com os mediadores. Com base na teoria histórico-cultural de Vigotski e na perspectiva dialógica de Paulo Freire verificamos como resultados, a partir da análise dos dados, indícios objetivos de que participar desse processo de divulgação científica itinerante na educação não formal, com experimentos científicos, permitiu uma ampliação do repertório didático e metodológico dos mediadores, e a compreensão das particularidades do trabalho com a Educação de Jovens e Adultos, promoveu a reflexão sobre o papel da divulgação científica itinerante e da educação não formal no processo de aproximação da população ao conhecimento científico e ainda a importância de ações como essas em espaços de privações de liberdade.