bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependence of interleukin-10 quantitative level from genetic polymorphism of toll-like receptors 2 (rs 5743708) in patients with herpes zoster
Authors: Onishchenko N. V. , Riabokon O. V.
Published: November 2019

Background. Herpes zoster is urgent problem of the present time, due to increased incidence of severe course with complications in immunocompetent persons, which leads to decrease quality of life and disability. Therefore, the aim of our work was to determine dependence of interleukin-10 concentration on the polymorphism of gene toll-like receptor 2 (rs 5743708) in patients with herpes zoster.Materials and methods. The study included 50 patients with herpes zoster and 40 healthy people. The quantitative content of IL-10 in serum was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, determination of single-nucleotide toll-like receptor 2 polymorphism in whole venous blood was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical processing was performed in program "STATISTICA for Windows 13" (StatSoft Inc., No. JPZ804I382130ARCN10-J).Results. In patients with shingles were significantly more likely to detect AA-genotype of gene toll-like receptors 2 (p=0.02). Also AA-genotype was more frequently detected at moderate course of the disease (p = 0.03). It was revealed that in debut of the disease in patients with AA+AG-genotypes, concentration of IL-10 was more highest compared to healthy people and with carriers of GG-genotype (p<0,05). In dynamics there was decrease IL-10 level in serum in all patients, regardless of toll-like receptor 2 gene polymorphism (p<0.05). On discharge, IL-10 concentration remained elevated in all patients with shingles. It was found that IL-10 concentration in serum patients with herpes zoster at hospitalization had inverse correlation with single nucleotide polymorphism of toll-like receptor 2 gene (τ=-0.29, p=0,01).Conclusions. The AA-genotype of toll-like receptor 2 gene (rs 5743708) is associated with a high chance of reactivation varicella zoster virus and manifestation shingles, moderate course. The allele A of toll-like receptor 2 gene is associated with highest IL-10 concentration, compared with carriers of GG-genotype and healthy people (p˂0,05).
The Interim NHS People Plan: implications for nurse education
Authors: Scammell Janet
Published: November 2019

Proposals to tackle nursing recruitment and retention issues centre on addressing workplace culture and improving leadership, as Janet Scammell, Associate Professor (Nursing), Bournemouth University, explains
BJN Awards 2019: Nurse of the Year—runner up
Authors: Griffiths Kairen
Published: November 2019

Kairen Griffiths, Cystic Fibrosis Nurse Specialist, NHS Grampian, discusses her role caring for people with cystic fibrosis and why she feels lucky to have worked in this field for over two decades
Updated leg ulcer pathway: improving healing times and reducing costs
Authors: Atkin Leanne , Schofield Alison , Kilroy-Findley Anita
Published: November 2019

Regardless of the amount of literature and evidence on leg ulcer management, there are still significant variations in treatment. Implementing a standardised leg ulcer pathway to ensure patients are appropriately and timely assessed could help reduce nursing time and overall costs, while improving healing outcomes and patients' quality of life. Such a pathway was introduced in Lincolnshire and Leicestershire, UK, to treat venous leg ulcers (VLUs). The results showed improved healing times, reduced costs and fewer nurse visits, among other findings.
A clinimetric analysis of the Pressure Ulcer Risk Primary or Secondary Evaluation Tool: PURPOSE-T
Authors: Wynn Matthew , Holloway Samantha
Published: November 2019

The assessment of patients' risk for developing pressure ulcers is a routine and fundamental nursing process undertaken to prevent avoidable harm to patients in all care settings. Many risk assessment tools are currently used in clinical practice, however no individual tool is recommended by advisory bodies such as the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence or the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel. The evidence base on the value of structured risk assessment tools in reducing the incidence or severity of pressure ulcers is poor. This purpose of this article is to provide a clinimetric analysis of the recently developed Pressure Ulcer Risk Primary or Secondary Evaluation Tool (PURPOSE-T) and identify areas for future research to improve the utility of structured risk assessment in identifying patients at risk of developing pressure ulcers.
The decision path for the referral of equine patients
Authors: Prutton Jamie
Published: November 2019

Jamie Prutton BSc (Hons) BVSc DipACVIM DipECEIM MRCVS RCVS, ACVIM, ECEIM Specialist in Equine Internal Medicine Liphook Equine Hospital looks at the options
Exercise Induced Pulmonary Haemorrhage: an update
Authors: Watson Rebecca
Published: November 2019

Rebecca Watson MSc RVN examines the facts and recaps on what can be done
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: November 2019

Mark Greener rounds up the latest research of interest to primary care nurses
Human immunodeficiency virus: A review into treatment
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: November 2019

Ahead of World AIDS day on 1 December, Ian Peate looks at the progress made in the treatment of HIV
The use of sexed semen in dairy herds
Authors: Burnell Mark
Published: November 2019

Artificial insemination of cattle became a commercial reality in 1936, and in 1952 the first calves were born as a result of freeze-thawed semen insemination. The long-held aspiration for pre determination of sex became a reality with the development of sperm sorting technology with the first female calves being born in the UK in 1999. While most breeding companies supply sexed semen sorted by the original flow cytometry method, Genus ABS have developed the method of sperm deactivation. Whatever the method sexing accuracy exceeds 90% and conception rates can be expected to be comparable to conventional semen but only when management is good and importantly there are considerable variations in the fertility of different bulls as a result of the sorting process. The use of sexed semen offers producers an opportunity to maximise the beef production from the dairy herd while accelerating genetic improvement.
‘A Winter's Tale’: parasite control in cattle at housing
Authors: Forbes Andrew
Published: November 2019

Although some cattle farms operate year-round with stock outside, cattle are housed at the onset of winter on the majority of farms. Housing typically coincides with the onset of cold, wet weather, a decline in the quantity and quality of grazing and wet underfoot conditions leading to poaching of fields. While the transition from a fresh grass-based diet under extensive conditions outside to a controlled forage-based ration in close confinement inside requires some adaptations by both cattle and farmers, it also provides an opportunity for an assessment of parasite status and the implementation of appropriate control measures. Exposure to new helminth infections while grazing is essentially eliminated during housing; thus effective treatments can provide long-term control until turnout the following year. Obligate ectoparasites such as lice and mange mites, with short survival times off the host, can also be eliminated over winter through effective ectoparasiticide treatment of at-risk groups. To comply with the ethos of ‘responsible use’ of parasiticides, group treatments of cattle at housing must be justified through risk assessments, though potential negative impacts on selection for anthelmintic resistance and environmental impact can also be mitigated through manure and slurry management and disposal.
Footrot control, farm assurance and antimicrobial stewardship — making use of opportunities to engage sheep farmers
Authors: Nabb Liz
Published: November 2019

Prompt treatment of individually lame sheep with parenteral and topical antibiotics without foot trimming remains the recommended best practice for footrot control, and is considered appropriate and justified antimicrobial use. Several antibiotic groups are licensed for footrot in sheep; all are effective but it would be prudent to use certain classes as a first-line treatment. Culling sheep with repeated lameness, separating at time of treatment and preserving the flock lameness status through quarantine procedures can also have a significant impact on lameness prevalence. Farm assurance visits and antibiotic use reviews facilitate farmer–veterinary surgeon interactions and provide an opportunity to improve flock productivity and welfare. A flock health assessment should include observation of groups of ewes to estimate lameness prevalence, examination of lame sheep to determine aetiology and a review of records to determine treatment practices.
Exploring the role of the state in the depoliticisation of UK transport policy
Authors: Reardon Louise , Marsden Greg
Published: November 2019

This paper responds to calls for greater empirical investigation of the interrelationships between depoliticisation and repoliticisation processes. It does so by applying the ‘three faces’ (governmental, societal and discursive) organising perspective to a longitudinal analysis of transport policy in the UK. This case is important because acceptance of the current dominant policy solution – infrastructure spending – appears to have come full circle over a 30-year period. The research finds that today’s focus on infrastructure is enabled through intersecting and reinforcing depoliticisation processes, supporting the ‘three faces’ perspective. However, the paper also highlights the need for greater recognition of the state as a meta-governor of depoliticisation and the need for clarity on which aspect of a policy solution or problem (or the connections between them) is being depoliticised and repoliticised to better elucidate politicisation processes.
Extraordinary voices: Helen Keller, music and the limits of oralism
Authors: Accinno Michael
Published: November 2019

This article examines iconic American deafblind writer Helen Keller's entrée into musical culture, culminating in her studies with voice teacher Charles A. White. In 1909, Keller began weekly lessons with White, who deepened her understanding of breathing and vocal production. Keller routinely made the acquaintance of opera singers in the 1910s and the 1920s, including sopranos Georgette Leblanc and Minnie Saltzman-Stevens, and tenor Enrico Caruso. Guided by the cultural logic of oralism, Keller nurtured a lively interest in music throughout her life. Although a voice-centred world-view enhanced Keller's cultural standing among hearing Americans, it did little to promote the growth of a shared identity rooted in deaf or deafblind experience. The subsequent growth of Deaf culture challenges us to reconsider the limits of Keller's musical practices and to question anew her belief in the extraordinary power of the human voice.
Ballad of the dork-o-phone: Towards a crip vocal technoscience
Authors: Sterne Jonathan
Published: November 2019

This piece elucidates the related politics of vocal impairment and vocal prosthesis through a close analysis of the Spokeman Personal Voice Amplifier, a.k.a., the dork-o-phone. Drawing from voice theory, disability studies and phenomenology, I present an analysis of the dork-o-phone in use and challenge the boundaries between disability and impairment. In the process, I also show how vocal impairments and protheses ultimately give the lie to the idea that voices are self-sufficient and can exist without supplementation.
Self-determination, disability aesthetics and (refusals of) voice in the US–RMI Compact of Free Association
Authors: Schwartz Jessica
Published: November 2019

This article uses the framework of disability and voice to consider the consequences of nuclear weapons testing in the Marshall Islands among the Marshallese diaspora. The valorization of the voice as it signals the agentive individual is a modern phenomenon that denigrates the breadth of human and nonhuman movements through which Marshallese matrilineal agency is understood. I argue that Marshallese songs thus offer a testament to the myth of contemporary liberalism through vocalizations that resound the complex constellation of physical, mental and emotional ailments imposed upon the Marshallese (e.g., thyroid, sickness, 'denigrated intellect', etc.).
Hidrogel injektagarriak eta haien aplikazioak ehun ingeniaritzan
Authors: Maiz-Fernández Sheila , Pérez-Álvarez Leyre , Ruiz-Rubio Leire , Vilas-Vilela José Luis
Published: November 2019

Ehun ingeniaritzak kaltetuta dauden ehunen ordezko funtzionalak sintetizatzeko helburua dauka. Horretarako, zelulaz, molekula bioaktiboz eta euskarri porotsuz osatutako matrizeak beharrezkoak dira, hazkuntza eta zelulen diferentziazio prozesuak gerta daitezen. Matrize horiek solidotzeko gai den aitzindari baten injekzioz eratu daitezke kaltetuta dauden ehunetan. Hori dela eta, hidrogel injektagarriak ikerkuntza arlo biomedikoan izugarri hedatu dira azken urteotan. Biomaterial horien injektagarriak izateko gaitasuna sare polimerikoen in situ gurutzaketan oinarritzen da. Gurutzaketa horiek, alde batetik, interakzio fisiko itzulgarrien bidez gerta daitezke. Hala, hidrogel termosentikorrak, pH-sentikorrak edo ionikoak eratzen dira. Bestalde, erreakzio kimikoetan ere oinarritu daitezke, zeinetan hidrogel fotopolimerizagarriak edo entzimek katalizatutako gurutzaketa bidezko hidrogelak lor daitezkeen. Lan honen helburua da hidrogel injektagarriak sintetizatzeko erabiltzen diren estrategien eta ehun ingeniaritzan ikertutako sistemen aplikazioen berrikuspen bat egitea.
Bateria-multzoen simulazio elektrotermikoak: 14S5P bateria-multzo komertziala
Authors: Campillo-Robles Jose Miguel , Veci Iñaki , Igartua Josu M. , Ballesteros Benjamín
Published: November 2019

Normalean ibilgailu elektriko txikietan erabiltzen den 14S5P bateria-multzoaren jokaera elektrotermikoa lehenengo aldiz aztertu dugu simulazio multifisikoen bidez. LMO kimikako 26650 bateriaren (3,5 Ah) jokaera elektrikoa simulatzeko eredu elektrokimikoa garatu dugu. LMOko katodoan NMC material aktiboa gehitu dugu (pisuan, % 0, % 29 eta % 59), bateriaren ezaugarri elektrikoak hobetzen direla egiaztatzeko. LMO kimikadun 26650 bateriaren beroketa simulatu dugu intentsitate altuko deskarga batean (10 A), eta tenperatura % 64 igotzen dela egiaztatu dugu. Azkenik, ohiko lan-baldintzetako korronteetan, 14S5P bateria-multzoaren tenperatura ez dela era nabarmenean handitzen frogatu dugu.
Bizkaiko itsaspeko sumendiaren analisi geokimikoa
Authors: Fernandez-González Garazi , Ruiz-Galende Patricia , Torre-Fernández Imanol , Aramendia Julene , Arana Gorka , Castro Kepa , Madariaga Juan Manuel
Published: November 2019

Marteko iraganeko lurzoruan agerian utzitako ur-likidoaren aztarna geomorfologikoak noizbait izandako bizigarritasun-baldintzen berri ematen du, eta honek, bizitzari buruzko galderak egitera eramaten gaitu. Galdera hauek erantzuteko asmoarekin, 2020. urtean ESA-k eta NASA-k Martera ibilgailu robotiko bana bidaliko dituzte. Lortutako emaitzak ulertzeko eta interpretatzeko, garrantzitsua da lurreko arroka eta mineral analogoen ikerketak egitea. Ikerketa lan honetan, Armintza proposatu da kretazeo garaian gertatutako izaera alkalinodun itsaspeko sumendiaren ondoriozko azaleratzea Marteko analogo gisa. Laginen ikerketa geokimikoa egiteko, hurrengo Marteko misioetan erabiliko diren Raman eta Vis-NIR espektroskopia teknikak erabili dira. Espero zen bezala, konposatu nagusiak silikatoak (filosilikatoak) dira; hala ere, karbonatoak, sulfatoak eta oxidoak ere karakterizatu dira. Filosilikatoek garrantzi handia dute lehen mailako arroka magmatikoen meteorizazio-prozesuen adierazleak direlako eta ura beharrezkoa dutelako beren eraketarako. Gainera, filosilikatoak Marten aurkitu dira, bereziki oxia Planumen, ESA-ren Marteko ExoMars 2020 misioaren lurreratze-tokia baita Jezero kraterrean ere, NASA-ren Mars 2020 misioaren lurreratze-tokia.
Oxitozina erabilgarria izan al daiteke autismoan gertatzen den urritasun sozialerako?
Authors: Ruiz de Mendoza Ruiz de Arechavaleta Celia , Peñagarikano Ahedo Olga , Erdozain Fernández Amaia Maite
Published: November 2019

Autismoaren espektroaren nahastea jokabidean definitutako garapen neurologikoaren desoreka da. Bi sintoma dira haren bereizgarri nagusi: batetik, urritasun soziala; bestetik, mugimendu errepikakor eta murriztaileak. Autismoaren klinikaren heterogeneotasunagatik, eta etiologia eta fisiopatologia konplexuagatik, farmakoterapia zuzendu bat garatzea da gaur egungo erronka garrantzitsua. Erabiltzen den ohiko interbentzioa portaeraren terapia bada ere, autismo kasuen % 75ek tratamendu farmakologikoa jasotzen du asoziaturiko sintometarako, baina momentuz ez dago sintoma nagusietarako eraginkorra den farmakorik. Beraz, farmako berriak garatzeko ahalegin handia egiten ari da ikerketa biomedikoa, eta horien artean oxitozina dugu. oxitozina nerbio sistema zentralean neuromodulatzaile gisa jokatzen duen peptido bat da. Ikusi da garapen goiztiarrean mutazio genetikoengatik gertatutako oxitozina-sistemaren porrotak jokaera sozialean eragin dezakeela eta aktibitate eta plastikotasun sinaptikoan ere bai. testuinguru horretan, oxitozinak autismoaren tratamenduan izan dezakeen erabilgarritasuna eta arrakasta aztertzen ari dira. Batetik, autismoaren forma monogenikoetan oinarritutako zenbait animalia-ereduk oxitozina sisteman nolabaiteko alterazioak erakusten dituzte, eta horietan oxitozina emateak urritasun sozialaren hobekuntza eragiten du. Bestetik, gizakietan ere hainbat saio kliniko egiten ari dira oxitozinaren erabilgarritasun terapeutikoa aztertzeko. Baina kasu horretan, animalia-ereduetan ikusi denarekin konparaturik, lortutako emaitzak ezberdinak dira: ikerketa batzuetan kognizio sozialean hobekuntzak ikusi dira, baina beste batzuetan ez. Gizakien artean dagoen heterogeneotasuna dela eta, ez da oso harritzekoa hori. ondorioz, ikerketa gehiagoren beharra dago oxitozinak autismoan izan dezakeen erabilgarritasuna modu sendoago batean balioztatzeko eta baita tratamendu mota hau zein banakorentzat litzatekeen onuragarriena zehazteko ere.
CO2-aren erabilera, berotegi-efektua murrizteko estrategia
Authors: Ateka Ainara , Portillo Ander , Sierra Irene , Ereña Javier
Published: November 2019

Gero eta arreta handiagoa eskaintzen ari zaio erregai fosilen errekuntzatik sortutako klima- aldaketari. karbono dioxidoa (CO2) berotegi-efektuaren eragile diren gasen artean ugariena da, eta klima-aldaketa arintzeko ezinbestekoa da haren isurketak murriztea. Helburu hori betetzeko, CCU teknologia (karbono dioxidoaren bahiketa eta erabilera) lagungarria izan daiteke. Horretan, lehenengo urratsa energia-plantetan edo industrietan sortzen den CO2-a bahitzea da, atmosferara isuri aurretik. ondoren, industrialki erabiliko duten instalazioetaraino garraiatzen da, eta horietan produktu komertzial bilakatzen da. CO2-a zuzenean erabil daiteke, eraldatu gabe, zenbait aplikaziotarako: uren gatzgabetzea, gainazalen garbiketa, elikagaien eta edarien ekoizpena eta petrolio- eta gas-hobien ustiatze-etekina hobetzeko. Bigarren aukera CO2-a lehengai modura erabiltzea da, produktu kimikoak zein erregaiak lortzeko. CCU teknologien abantaila nagusia CO2-aren erabilera jarduera errentagarria bihurtzea da, hondakinetatik abiatuz lortutako produktuak sal daitezkeelako. Hala ere, zenbait arazo daude CCU teknologiari lotuta: (i) produktu kimikoen eskaria ez da nahikoa CO2-aren kantitate esanguratsua bahitzeko, (ii) CO2-a erregaiak ekoizteko erabiltzen bada, isurketak atzeratu egiten dira, saihestu beharrean, (iii) zenbait produktu kimikotan egindako CO2-aren «biltegiratzeak» bizitza laburra izan dezake.
Euskarazko elkarrizketa sistema automatikoa sare neuronalen bidez
Authors: López-Zorrilla Asier , De Velasco Vázquez Mikel , Justo Raquel
Published: November 2019

Lan honetan sare neuronalen bidez euskaraz hitz egiten ikasten duen elkarrizketa sistema automatiko bat aurkezten dugu. Horretarako, turingen testaren ideia era konputazionalean inplementatzen duten sare neuronal sortzaile aurkariak erabili ditugu. Normalean erabiltzen diren ingelesezko corpusak baino bi magnitude ordena txikiagoa den euskarazko corpus batekin halako sareak doitzea badagoela frogatzen dugu. Amaitzeko, euskararen morfologia kontuan hartzen duen aurreprozesamendua erabiltzea komenigarria dela erakusten dugu. Sare neuronaletan oinarrituta dagoen euskarazko lehen elkarrizketa sistema aurkezten dugu.
Itsas estazio biologikoen historia eta kostaldeko bioaniztasunaren ikerketa
Authors: Cancio Ibon
Published: November 2019

Itsasoa ez da guretzat, gizakiontzat, ohiko bizi-eremua. Ez da gure habitata eta gure historiaren zati nagusian lur-eremuak banatzen zituen pasabidea edo amildegia baino ez da izan. Horretan, bertan bizi diren organismoak eta haien berezitasunak arrotzak izan zaizkigu mendeetan zehar. Itsasoarekiko hurbilketan dugun zailtasun horretan gizakiok trebezia eta azpiegitura bereziak garatzeko beharrean aurkitu gara. Itsasontziak eta laginketa-metodo aproposak behar ditugu, baina baita itsasotik hurbil egonkorki kokatuak dauden ikerketa-azpiegiturak eta «egoitzak» ere. Izan ere, eta oro har, kostaldeetan aurkitzen da itsaso guztietan bioaniztasun ugariena, lurraren eta itsasoaren arteko mugak biziaren loratzea ahal- bidetzen baitu. Aniztasun horren ikerketa izan da itsas estazio biologikoen xedea xix. mendetik. Haien ikerketa-bidaian zientifikoei egoitza eskaintzeko sortutako ikerketa-azpiegiturak, tresneria, babesa, eta trebatutako laguntza zein oinarrizko ezagutza eskaintzen dituzten «itsas geltokiak». 150 urte luzeetako bidaia honetan, itsasoko organismoek lehen lerroko oinarrizko ikerketarako bideak eman dituzte (itsas eredu biologikoen erabileraz). Gainera, itsasoko izakiok gizakiontzat ezinbesteko baliabideak ustiatzeko aukerak eman dituzte (arrantzua, itsas akuikultura...), «bioteknologia urdina»ren garapenarekin itsas eskualdeen garapen sozioekonomikorako etorkizunezko promesa bilakatu diren bitartean.
Serial Horrors of Loneliness: The Impossibility of Communitization in “The Walking Dead”
Authors: Newiak Denis
Published: November 2019

Uno de los valores de la serie a la que se refiere el texto es que se sale de la modernidad, a través de la forma de vida que propone y del consumo en continuo y de la omnuipresencia de los medios.Es la soledad en nuestras modernas sociedades la que da lugar a nuevas formas de producción, y de rutinas diarias. Desde esta perspectiva, el placer de ver «The Walking Dead» no procede del horror que presentan sino de una nueva forma de «communitization». La serie muestra la anti-modernidad, en la que el sentimiento de alienación es infinito, a la vez que se produce un sentimiento de sentirse perdido en ese mundo de soledad.PALABRAS CLAVE: serie, The Walking dead, anti-modernidad, communitization.
Lentes lilas: la irrupción de la figura de la editora de género en medios generalistas. Estudio preliminar cualitativo en España y Estados Unidos.
Authors: Pérez Soler Susana , Roca Sales Meritxell
Published: November 2019

Este artículo explora el rol de la editora de género que algunos medios de comunicación han introducido recientemente en las redacciones periodísticas con un doble objetivo: incorporar la perspectiva de género en la cobertura mediática y reivindicar condiciones laborales igualitarias. El objeto de estudio son seis medios de comunicación, tradicionales y nativos digitales, de España y Estados Unidos. Se realizan entrevistas en profundidad semi-estructuradas a cinco editoras de género de estos medios con el fin de entender las funciones atribuidas a este nuevo rol y de analizar las causas de su aparición, tanto desde una perspectiva social como económica.PALABRAS CLAVE: Editora de género (término no en thesaurus); nuevos roles profesionales (término no enthesaurus); género; periódico; feminismo
Major Complications of Pediatric Percutaneous Liver Biopsy Do Not Differ Among Physicians With Different Degrees of Training
Authors: Sandy Natascha S. , Hessel Gabriel , Bellomo-Brandao Maria Angela
Published: November 2019

Introduction:

The objective was to compare safety of pediatric percutaneous liver biopsy (PLB) performed by fellows or staff physicians.

METHODS:

Outcomes of 212 PLB completed by first-year pediatric gastroenterology fellows or by staff physicians over 8 years were analyzed and compared.

RESULTS:

Approximately 81.5% of the biopsies were completed by trainees. No significant differences were found between groups (fellows vs staff) regarding number of punctures (median of 1.7 for both), nonrepresentative biopsies (4.2% vs 2.6%), and hemoglobin drop (median of 0.7 vs 0.5 g/L).

DISCUSSION:

Complications of pediatric PLB are uncommon and did not differ among physicians with different training levels.
MEASUREMENT OF STRAINS IN CARBON-REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITE PRODUCTS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES USING FIBER-OPTIC SENSORS
Authors: Budadin O. N. , Kutyurin W. Yu. , Rykov A. N. , Gnusin P. I.
Published: November 2019

The main task of the contribution was the estimation of the possibility of using Fiber Bragg Gratings as a mean of measuring the deformation in standard carbon fiber samples at elevated temperatures. The article presents the results of experiments on the measurement of deformations in a carbon sample using Fiber Bragg Gratings on an optical fiber. Deformations were measured in the process of stretching the sample at different temperatures (range from 20 to 140 °C). It is shown that FBGs integrated into the sample material give more stable, reproducible readings, unlike to inlay on the outer surface. It has been established that the use of several FBGs with different sensitivity to temperature or deformation (created by mechanically decoupling the sensor from the sample) makes it possible to compensate the effect of temperature when measuring deformations. The quantitative results of measurements are provided.
METHODS FOR DETERMINING PARAMETERS OF RADIOPAQUE INCLUSIONS BY ABSORPTION CURVES
Authors: Lelyukhin A. S. , Muslimov D. A. , Piskaryova T. I. , Shekhtman A. G.
Published: November 2019

The method for determining the effective atomic number and surface density of filters based on x-ray absorption data in a linear multichannel detector material is considered in this paper. Data on the absorption of radiation is proposed to consider as the coordinates of vectors in the spectrozonal space. It is shown that the relative change in length and the angle of divergence of the vectors can be used as criteria for the calibration of the spectrozonal recording system. Calibration characteristics are obtained for the mathematical model of the spectrozonal recording system. Calibration was performed for filters from materials with a priori given effective atomic numbers from 6 to 40 with a surface density of from 0.05 to 1.5 g/cm2. It has been established that in the calibration range, the deviations of the measured values of the parameters of the filters do not exceed 10 % by the effective atomic number and 30 % by the surface density. The proposed measurement method can be used to quantify the mineralization of the charge materials, in the separation of minerals, or to search for prohibited inclusions in covering environments. The efficiency of the technique can be achieved by optimizing the dimensionality of the spectrozonal space and choosing the conditions for the excitation of the primary radiation beam.
GENERALIZED PRELIMINARY DATA PROCESSING ALGORITHM FOR FORECASTING TIME SERIES OF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
Authors: Vlasenko A. V. , Zhdanov A. A.
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the issues of preliminary data processing of time series of production systems characterized by data breaks. On the example of analyzing the structure of the construction of oil and gas wells shows the presence in the time series of two characteristic classes of data breaks, the first of which is associated with randomly occurring sections of unproductive time, the second class is characteristic of technologically deterministic fastening wells. The article shows that the value of the monitored indicators is influenced by the asymmetry of the elements of the time series associated with the deviation of the discretization step from a fixed value, depending on the characteristics of individual production systems. In order to eliminate nonlinearities and non-stationary effects from time series, a multi-stage method of preliminary data processing of the initial time series was proposed, which solved the problem of removing random and non-random data breaks, and also ensured that the asymmetry of the discretization step was eliminated by transforming the original time series to drilling penetration rate. The results of the work can find practical application for planning the production activities of enterprises, including for predicting the speed of drilling oil and gas wells.
BROADCAST CHANNEL TRANSMISSION CAPACITY
Authors: Ostroumov O. A. , Sinyuk A. D.
Published: November 2019

The most important studies of well-known Broadcast Communication Channels (BCC) models are associated with obtaining accurate information efficiency estimates(IE). Earlier, the coding problem was stated, the joint information measure (JI) of the proposed BCC model was introduced and investigated. Then the information capacity (IC) was introduced and the conditions for maximizing the average JI were defined, the uncertainty concept was defined, and an evidence-based adjustment of the Feinstein inequality for the channel model under study was made. In the present paper, the general information accurate estimate transmitted via the BCC by proving the fundamental coding theorems is obtained. On the basis of the previously obtained results, the inverse coding theorem for BCC was proved, which determines the condition for the code error average probability striving to one, which consists in choosing a code with a speed exceeding IE BCC. The Feinstein inequality role on the basis of which the direct coding theorem roof is carried out is determined. The theorem states that there are codes with a low error probability, provided that the code rate does not exceed the channel's IE. The coding theorems cumulative result proves that the IE and the throughput (BC) coincide. An accurate estimate of BC BCC is obtained. The results obtained do not contradict and extend the well-known IE studies of various BCC models and can be used by designers to assess the synthesized communication systems potential capabilities, including BCC channels. The purpose of further research is the gain estimate through IE channel transmission in comparison with the successive transmission through the component channels, which will outline the conditions for the preferred use of the BCC.
TOOLS OF C PROGRAM TRANSLATION FOR RECONFIGURABLE AND HYBRID COMPUTER SYSTEMS BASED ON FIELD-PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAYS
Authors: Levin I. I. , Gudkov V. A. , Dudko S. A. , Gulenok A. A. , Bovkun A. V.
Published: November 2019

In this article, we consider the stages of development of a novel application toolkit for reconfigurable computer systems, its architecture and operation principles. The toolkit provides the translation of procedural programs in C to configuration files for field-programmable gate arrays in 6 stages. The conversion of procedural program in C to parallel program in COLAMO (Common Oriental Language for Architecture of Multi Objects) is performed using four additional programs: the “Angel ” translator and three preprocessors called the “Mermaid ”, the “Procrustes” and the “Nutcracker ”. At the first stage, the “Angel ” translates the C program into the absolutely parallel program in the COLAMO language. During the second stage, the information dependences of the initial C program are analyzed, scalar variables are split, and arrays are stretched by iterations. Then, at the third stage, the COLAMO code is converted to the parallel and pipeline form using the partition of arrays and loops into the vector and strea components. The fourth stage involves the transformation of the COLAMO program to the scalable parallel and pipeline form. The optional fifth stage, which is aimed at the reduction of the base subgraph, is executed only in the case of the lack of hardware resource for the structural implementation of the base subgraph of a problem. At the sixth stage, the COLAMO program is transformed to the unique computational structure and several cadrs designed for the architecture of the chosen reconfigurable computer system. The distinctive feature of the developed toolkit is the support of the resource-independent computing, which allows for the scaling of calculations in both cases of increase (induction) and decrease (reduction) in available hardware resources.
Влияние технологий интернет-коммуникаций на современные общественно-политические процессы: сценарии, вызовы и акторы
Authors: Володенков Сергей Владимирович
Published: November 2019

В статье рассматривается влияние технологических трансформаций в сфере интернет-коммуникаций на общественно-политические процессы. Автор обосновывает положение, что технологические изменения в цифровой информационно-коммуникационной среде имеют ярко выраженные социальные и общественно-политические эффекты, а также непосредственным образом влияют на форматы взаимодействия государственных институтов власти и общественных групп. В работе показано, что сетевые сообщества в ряде случаев могут превращаться в виртуальные институты воздействия на власть, которые за счет своей информационно-коммуникационной активности в интернет-пространстве способны успешно агрегировать и артикулировать интересы своих сторонников, а также влиять на общественно-политическую повестку в целом. Автор делает вывод о существенных различиях традиционного пространства массовых коммуникаций и пространства социальных медиа, что позволяет констатировать переход от традиционного феномена массы к феномену множества социально дифференцированных сетевых сообществ, а также возникающих на их основе локальных гиперсообществ. Также в статье поднимается проблема формирования общества цифрового паноптикума, в рамках которого политический контроль над гражданами осуществляется со стороны политических элит на основе использования сбора и анализа цифровых следов пользователей в сетевом пространстве, а также создания персональных информационных капсул, учитывающих субъективные особенности конечных реципиентов, что позволяет формировать значительный манипулятивный потенциал в сфере общественно-политических коммуникаций. По итогам проведенного исследования в работе делается заключение о возможных рисках существенной дифференциации различных общественных групп в разрезе структуры их информационного потребления и формирования принципиально различных по своему смысловому наполнению моделей социально-политической реальности.
Благодарность. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и АНО ЭИСИ в рамках научного проекта № 19-011-31335
EVALUASI KEBERLANJUTAN PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN KAPASITAS SDM PENGENDALIAN KARHUTLA DENGAN METODE RAPFIRE
Authors: Maksum Mochamad Asep , Maarif M. Syamsul , Syaufina Lailan , Zuhriana Diah
Published: November 2019

Forest and land fires in Indonesia are mostly caused by human factors, therefore human resources are an important element that needs to be considered in the prevention and control of forest and land fires. One of the important efforts in anticipating the ongoing recurrence of forest and land fires in Indonesia is by preparing human resources who have the capacity to control the forest and land fires in the field. Several human resource capacity building programs to control forest and land fires have been developed in Indonesia, but are considered not to have played a significant role in controlling forest and land fires in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the sustainability of the human resources capacity development program that has been running so far, by building and implementing the Rapfire method through a multidimensional scaling approach. The results of the study show that the forestry human resource capacity development program with community participation tends to have a low level of sustainability, therefore it needs to receive development priorities. The study also found that the main leverage factors that influence the level of sustainability are in the input dimension, including the recruitment system, program management institutions, and budgeting systems. Leverage factors are important attributes that need to be considered and get policy priorities in order to maintain or improve the sustainability status of the human resources capacity development program for forest and land fires control in Indonesia
Neue Arbeitswelten
Authors: Becker Cathrin , Kratzer Nick , Lanfer Sarah S. Lütke
Published: November 2019

Wenn Unternehmen ihre Büros als „Open-Space“-Arbeitswelten um- oder neubauen, dann versprechen sie sich davon nicht nur Kostenvorteile, sondern auch, dass besser gearbeitet wird. Wie aber die Beschäftigten das Open-Space-Büro wahrnehmen und welche Auswirkungen das neue Büro auf Arbeit und Wohlbefinden von Beschäftigten hat, ist bislang sowohl unklar als auch umstritten. Der Beitrag geht mit den Befunden einer Mixed-Methods-Studie der Frage nach, wie zufrieden Beschäftigte mit dem Open-Space-Büro sind und welche Faktoren die Zufriedenheit beeinflussen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine knappe Mehrheit mit der neuen Arbeitsumgebung zufrieden ist, ein Viertel jedoch sehr unzufrieden, wobei kaum jemand nur zufrieden oder unzufrieden ist. Die Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeitsumgebung ist das Ergebnis einer individuellen Abwägung von verschiedenen Faktoren: Über die unmittelbaren Raum(gestaltungs)merkmale hinaus spielen auch die Organisation, der Veränderungsprozess, die individuelle Anpassung an die veränderte Raumumgebung („Raumlernen“) und die Optionen der individuellen Raumnutzung eine große Rolle.
Normalität in Bewegung
Authors: Nowak Iris , Klußmann Coco , Menz Wolfgang
Published: November 2019

In dem Beitrag werden zunächst verschiedene Formen der digitalen Grenzüberschreitung zwischen betrieblicher und privater Lebensdomäne voneinander unterschieden. Der Begriff der digitalen Konnektivität bringt zum Ausdruck, dass es nicht nur um Erreichbarkeit für die Anliegen anderer geht, sondern dass Beschäftigte auch selbsttätig auf berufliche Angelegenheiten digital zugreifen. Dies wird vor dem Hintergrund der widersprüchlichen Bedeutung ehemals fester Grenzziehungen diskutiert, die zwar Schutzräume für Erwerbstätige beinhalteten, aber zugleich auf Kosten der Autonomie von Frauen organisiert waren. In der Empirie wird deutlich, dass die Formen, in denen digitale Konnektivität genutzt wird, erstens davon abhängen, ob die konkrete Tätigkeit betriebliche Präsenz voraussetzt, und zweitens davon, welche Verantwortung für familiäre Sorge die Beschäftigten tragen. Quer zu diesen Unterschieden findet sich bei einem Teil der Beschäftigten Zustimmung zu Konnektivitätspraxen, weil sie hierdurch persönliche Interessen bestmöglich verfolgen können und weil sie hierdurch kurzfristig für die Entlastung ihres betrieblichen Arbeitsalltags sorgen. Wechselwirkungen zwischen dieser Zustimmung und steigenden Leistungsanforderungen sorgen für eine Dynamik, in der gegenseitige Erwartungen an Erreichbarkeit für betriebliche Angelegenheiten steigen. Obschon digitale Konnektivität veränderte Arrangements zwischen Erwerbs- und familiärer Sorgearbeit ermöglicht, wird die Verantwortung für familiäre Sorge zugleich in neuer Form individualisiert.
High frequency of anti-parietal cell antibody (APCA) and intrinsic factor blocking antibody (IFBA) in individuals with severe vitamin B12 deficiency – an observational study in primary care patients
Authors: Salinas Maria , Flores Emilio , López-Garrigós Maite , Leiva-Salinas Carlos
Published: November 2019

Background

Vitamin B12 deficiency is common worldwide and is also linked to several diseases including autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AAG). The presence of anti-parietal cell antibodies (APCA) and/or intrinsic factor blocking antibodies (IFBA) is indicative of AAG that may develop into pernicious anemia. Both conditions are known to be associated with an increased risk of gastric carcinoma. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of individuals positive for APCA and IFBA antibodies in primary care patients with severe vitamin B12 deficiency.

Methods

An observational study was designed and 5468 consecutive patients from primary care with a request for vitamin B12 status were included and add-on testing for APCA and IFBA that were automatically registered if severe vitamin B12 deficiency was identified (<73.8 pmol/L). For patients included in the intervention, study demographic data, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and hemoglobin values were collected.

Results

Seventy-seven patients with severe vitamin B12 deficiency were identified and out of these 44 (57%) presented with antibodies to APCA and 11 (14%) to IFBA, 25 (32.5%) had anemia, and 25 (32.5%) had macrocytosis. The majority of APCA and/or IFBA positive patients were found in the age group >70 years. Both anemia and macrocytosis were more common among APCA positive patients but the association was not statistically significant, neither was the correlation between IFBA status and anemia and/or macrocytosis. Among the patients with anemia, 10 (39%) had macrocytosis, although the rate of macrocytosis among patients with or without anemia did not differ significantly.

Conclusions

The automated analysis strategy of measuring antibodies to APCA and IFBA in patients with severe vitamin B12 deficiency, efficiently detected positivity in more than 60% the patients. The result point to the presence of a high rate of otherwise undetected AAG and the potential clinical utility of APCA and IFBA as markers in primary care.
Georgian Epic Heroes between Literary and Oral Narrative Traditions
Authors: Gogiashvili Elene
Published: November 2019

Die epischen Helden – Amiran, Tariel und Rostom – sind die beliebtesten Helden in der georgischen Erzähltradition, beeinflusst von der Literatur, die viele Interpretationen in den Volkserzählungen haben. Im Aufsatz werden die archivalischen Quellen aus dem neunzehnten und zwanzigsten Jahrhundert untersucht. Diese Texte, die in eine Rahmenerzählung eingepasst sind, präsentieren die drei Helden aus verschiedenen Epen in einer Geschichte als Freunde, die sich gegenseitig ihre Abenteuer erzählen.
Everyday storytelling in the eighteenth century: Some examples from Pehr Stenberg’s life description
Authors: Arvidsson Alf
Published: November 2019

In dem auto-ethnographischen Lebensbericht von Pehr Stenberg (1758–1824) gibt es viele Beispiele von alltäglichem Erzählen aus den unterschiedlichsten sozialen Milieus, zu denen er als Bauernjunge, Student, Lehrer und Pfarrer Zutritt hatte. Die Analyse zeigt, daß Erzählen eine soziale Kompetenz war, um Information zu übermitteln und zur Unterhaltung auf Reisen und bei Besuchen beizutragen. Der Aufsatz zeigt auch auf, wie Erzählungen in seinen Gedanken verankert waren, welche Gefühle sie ihn ihm erweckten und wie sehr er sie benutzte, um seine eigene Lebenssituationen zu verstehen.
Mieter*innenproteste in der postmigrantischen Stadt
Authors: Hamann Ulrike , Vollmer Lisa
Published: November 2019

Das Ringen um und die Forderung nach gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe ist Gegenstand sozialer Bewegungen - so auch der Mieter*innenbewegung Berlins. In diesem Aufsatz möchten wir darstellen, warum der urbane Kontext besonders geeignet ist, Forderungen nach Teilhabe zu stellen und welche konkreten Forderungen nach materieller, politischer und kultureller Teilhabe von der Berliner Mieter*innenbewegung artikuliert werden. In einem zweiten Teil begründen wir, warum gerade die postmigrantischen und sozial gemischten Nachbarschaften der soziale Raum sind, in denen Teilhabekonflikte in einer sich diversifizierenden Gesellschaft zu universellen Teilhabeforderungen führen. In diesen Nachbarschaften entsteht in communities of struggle eine postidentitäre politische Kollektivität.

Der Artikel basiert auf jahrelanger participant action research als Teil der mietenpolitischen Bewegung Berlins, sowie auf teilnehmender Beobachtung, qualitativen narrativen Interviews, die im Jahr 2013 mit Mitgliedern der Gruppe Kotti & Co stattgefunden haben, und auf Interviews, veröffentlicht in Hamann et al. (2015). Beide Autor*innen sind selbst aktiv in der Mieter*innenbewegung - Ulrike Hamann bei Kotti & Co und Lisa Vollmer bei Stadt von Unten.
Von diskursiver Marginalisierung zu politischer Teilhabe?
Authors: Doerr Nicole
Published: November 2019

Dieser Beitrag diskutiert Möglichkeiten politischer Teilhabe auf lokaler Ebene im Kontext von Migration, Ungleichheit, Gentrifizierung und sprachlich-kultureller Diversität in amerikanischen Städten. Ich untersuche das Scheitern politischer Teilhabe infolge eines tiefen positionellen Missverständnisses zwischen Bürgervertreter*innen und Anwohner*innen in einer kalifornischen Stadt, die es sich zum Ziel gemacht hatte, als ‚solidarity city‘ Anwohner*innen politisch einzubinden. Anders als Staatsbürger*innen waren die meisten Anwohner*innen dieser Stadt als Migrant*innen nicht einmal wahlberechtigt. Wichtiges kommunikatives Werkzeug der politischen Teilhabe war daher die aktivistische Praxis politischer Übersetzung. Über Proteste und disruptive Interventionen gelang es „politischen Übersetzer*innen“ eine gleichberechtigte Form von Dialog zwischen Migrant*innen und Stadträten einzuüben, die die politischen Forderungen benachteiligter Gruppen sichtbar machte und politische Konzessionen bewirkte. Politische Übersetzung als Praxis ist nicht auf mehrsprachige Kontexte begrenzt, sondern kann die Qualität demokratischer Prozesse und damit die Bedingungen politischer Teilhabe auch in monolingualen Gesellschaften nachhaltig verbessern.
Storage Policies: Stockpiling Versus Immediate Release
Authors: Wesseler Justus
Published: November 2019

Storage policies are used in many countries to smooth price volatility and thereby support food security. When there is a global decrease in food supply caused by a number of extreme weather effects, food reserves are expected to reduce the potential negative implications for households with low purchasing power. In this paper, the properties of such a stockpiling policy are assessed and compared to a policy with storage but without stockpiling. The results show that a stockholding policy is an expensive strategy that generates economic benefits only in extreme cases.
An ERP study of anaphor resolution with focused and non-focused antecedents
Authors: Hald Lea A. , Cowles H. Wind , Garnham Alan
Published: November 2019

The goal of this study is to better understand when (and why) the combination of semantic overlap between antecedent and anaphor and antecedent focus leads to difficulty in anaphor processing. To investigate these questions, three ERP experiments manipulating semantic overlap and focus compared the ERPs from the onset of the anaphor as well as from the onset of the last word in the sentence containing the anaphor. Our results suggest that although the focus status of an antecedent and the semantic overlap between the antecedent and anaphor are important, these factors are not the only significant contributors to online anaphor resolution. Factors such as readers’ expectations about thematic shifts also influence the processing. We consider our results in relation to two accounts of anaphor resolution, the Informational Load Hypothesis (Almor, 1999; Almor & Eimas, 2008) and JANUS (Garnham & Cowles, 2008).