bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, perception and child care practices among adolescent mothers in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Oyewole Oyediran Emmanuel , Todowede Christiana Mautin ,   Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Dipeolu Isaac Oluwafemi ,   Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: November 2020

Introduction. There is little information regarding childcare practices among adolescent mothers in the study areas. Aim. This study was aimed at investigating knowledge, perception and childcare practices among adolescent mothers. Material and methods. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted on randomly select 382 adolescent mothers. A validated semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data, which were analysed using, descriptive and multivariate analyses with p-value set at 0.05. Age of respondents was 18.5±0.7 years. Results. Majority (80.6%) had poor knowledge of when to start ante-natal care. Also, 70.0% of the respondents could not perceive growth monitoring as a necessary strategy for child survival and 86.4% perceived diarrhoea as normal for children during the teething period. Many (58.4%) did not practise exclusive breastfeeding. Respondents with secondary education were less likely to have poor knowledge than those with primary education (OR: 0.2, CI: 0.6-0.9, 95%). Respondents, who received supervision from older women during childcare, were less likely to have poor childcare practice than those who did not (OR: 0.2, CI: 0.4-0.7, 95%). Conclusion. Respondents had poor knowledge of childcare practices when childcare survival strategies were used as the yardstick for evaluation. Involvement of older women is suggested to assist adolescent mothers improve their knowledge and practices of childcare.
Attitudes towards money and sources of adolescents’ maintenance – initial reports
Authors: Gołąb Sylwia , Będzik Beata
Published: November 2020

Money plays an important economic role in the modern world – they are a medium of exchange, a measure of value, they shape the volume and structure of consumption. On the other hand, they also have psychological significance – they give a sense of security, and affect the self-esteem and motivation of people. The purpose of the study is to assess the attitudes of adolescents towards money in the context of their livelihoods. The analyses are a part of empirical research and concern one of the many aspects of the discussed topic. The study was conducted among 96 students of the Economics Faculty of the West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, representing people who maintain themselves from various sources. To verify the assumptions, a shortened scale of Attitudes Towards Money by Gąsiorowska was used together with a short questionnaire prepared by the authors regarding sources of income. The obtained research results indicate that there are relationships between some dimensions of attitudes towards money and the source of income
The level of local development and the need for local government investment indicated by residents of selected communes in the Lublin voivodeship
Authors: Komor Agnieszka
Published: November 2020

This paper aimed to identify and analyse the needs for local government investments indicated by respondents from selected communes of the Lublin voivodeship, depending on the level of socio-economic development of the analysed units. Research hypothesis H1, stating that there is a relationship between the level of local development and the need for local government investment indicated by respondents, was corroborated. The research covered 16 communes. The research period was in general the year of 2018 (in the absence of data, the latest available information was used). The surveys showed there was an average correlation between the local development level and the need for local authorities to create green areas, tourist infrastructure and expenditure on the development of investment land. An average negative correlation between the level of local development and the need for investing in roads and pavements was also identified. This indicates a partial confirmation of hypothesis H1
Selected determinants of production and sales of products in short food supply chains by farms keeping animals of native breeds
Authors: Matysik-Pejas Renata
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to identify factors determining farms’ decision to produce and sell products obtained from animals of native breeds in short food supply chains. The empirical material was the result of a survey carried out in 2017. The direct interview method was used to collect information. The research sample included 144 farms keeping animals of native breeds of cattle, sheep and pigs. The spatial scope of the research covered three provinces of south-eastern Poland. The group of factors positively stimulating the development of food sales in short supply chains includes the knowledge and skills of breeders and the expected demand for products from the farms. In turn, the group of factors constituting obstacles and causing farms not to undertake this activity is connected with the necessary amount of work input, the need to develop a marketing concept for this activity and to create an appropriate image on the market, as well as veterinary, sanitary and tax regulations
The role of infectious agent in development of tooth decay
Authors: Liubimova A. V. , Brodina T. V. , Goncharov A. E. , Silin A. V. , Zueva L. P. , Klimova E. A. , Belova L. V.
Published: November 2020

Aim: to assess the relationship between colonization of the oral cavity with S. mutans and different genotypic characteristics and the degree of tooth decay in children.Materials and methods. 274 children aged 5 to 17 years (153 girls and 121 boys) who received a preventive dental checkup were included in the study. The dental caries experience was assessed by the DMFT index (number of decayed, missing due to caries, and filled teeth), according to WHO recommendations. The plaque was collected with sterile wooden toothpicks from the buccal gingival margin or from fissures of the first molars and placed in 1.5 mL Eppendorf tubes, and then plated on Mitis Salivarius Agar medium (HiMedia, India). 481 strains of S. mutans were selected for further study. DNA was extracted by an express method. Amplification was performed in the CFX-96 thermal cycler (Bio-Rad, USA). Serotyping was performed by multiplex PCR. PCR products were analyzed by gel electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gel with ethidium bromide (10 mg/mL) manufactured by Helicon, Moscow, and visualized in UV light in transilluminator UVT1 by Biokom. Genotyping was performed according to the methodology (Saarela et al., 1996) with the oligonucleotide primer OPA-02 (5’-TGCCGAGCTG-3’). Strains of S. mutans were studied for the presence of the following genes: gtfB, spaP, cnm, fruA, gtfB, htrA, comE, mutA x(I), mutA (II), mutA (III), nlmAB (IV), adcA, Smu.399, Smu.583, Smu.761, Smu.940c, Smu.1449, Smu.2130.Results. S. mutans was isolated from all the examined children. Dental decay was detected in 82.4% of the children. Among the strains studied, all 4 serotypes were found: in children with a DMFT = 0 only serotypes k and f were detected; the predominant serotype in children with tooth decay was serotype c (74.7%). 19 genotypes of S. mutans were identified. In children without caries (DMFT = 0), S. mutans did not contain the genes spaP, comE, adcA, Smu.2130, Smu.1449, gtfB, htrA. With the increase in the DMFT index, the frequency of their detection increased. 9 genotypes of S. mutans had all 7 virulence factors. In 94.9% of children colonized by these “virulent” genotypes, high DMFT index scores were observed.Conclusion. The data obtained indicate that only a limited number of specific strains have a cariogenic potential. Strains of S. mutans belonging to serotypes e and c with a combination of virulence genes spaP, gtfB, comE, adcA, Smu.2130, Smu.1449, and htrA were isolated from children with tooth decay. Strains without these factors did not cause any damage to the teeth. The degree of tooth decay increases with colonization by several genotypes with the combination of virulence factors described above.
Typology of Short Forms in Russian 18th‑century Satirical Magazines
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Trakhtenberg L. A. 
Published: November 2020

18th century satirical magazines are characterized by a wide range of short literary forms. The article outlines their three­dimensional typology. One dimension stands for the “outer” form of the text, differentiating between two main article types, i.e., moralistic discourse and satirical character sketch. Two other dimensions describe the “outer” form. Basic structural types may be presented as editor’s essays or readers’ letters. They may also realize different models of composition, including parodic ones. All this helps authors to diversify the impressions of the audience, reinforcing the didactic appeal of the text.
Mythologem with a Snake: Constructing the Myth of Cavalry-Maiden
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Puriaeva N. N.
Published: November 2020

The article is dedicated to a narrative element that can be found in a number of texts featuring Nadezda Durova, we refer to it as an episode with a snake. The article hypothesizes that the episode is a mythologeme that has several meanings. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were made regarding the episode with a snake: it refers to an ancient Greek myth of Hercules’s childhood; it appears as an allusion to the biblical legend of the serpent­adversary; it acts as an allegorical image of the enemy conquest. Thus, in the studied number of texts featuring Durova the episode with a snake acquires significance of a mythologem, which in the context of her story denotes the initiation of the heroine.
Experience in Developing Critical Thinking Through the Prism of Visual Text Perception: Psychological and Pedagogical Aspect
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Simbirtseva N. A. 
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the importance of competent perception and interpretation of a visual image / visual text by a person of the XXI century through the development of critical thinking skills that are relevant in the study of the humanities. The basis of existing methods and technologies is the psychological foundations of the perception of the visual and associated mental operations, which determine the “grasping” of the image in its integrity, the subjectivity of experiences, associative thinking and memorization. The main components of critical thinking are highlighted. The purposeful nature of the method of segment analysis of the visual text and its pedagogical significance in the humanities are emphasized. The main results of the study are as follows: the psychological characteristics of the perception of a visual image / visual text, features of critical thinking in the perception of visual information are revealed, the method of segment analysis and the practice of its application in the process of humanitarian education.
The Impact of the Historical and Cultural Context on the Concept «Russian World»
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Bezrodnaya A. Yu.
Published: November 2020

The main goal of the current study is to come up with a complete and universal definition of the “Russian World” concept. The object of the study is the history and culture of Russia and its earlier predecessors. The object of the study is the concept “Russian World”. The scientific novelty is due to the fact that the Russian World concept is being considered referring to its various aspects and meanings, that are formed by the particular historic and cultural context. The analysis and generalization of the data provided by the Russian scholars on history, philosophy, culture studies, and sociology in the last quarter of the XX-beginning of the XXI century allowed us to: trace the development of the “Russian world” concept. In addition to this we were able to define the key factors, dominating in the concrete historical and cultural context and elaborate a more complete definition of the concept.
Correlation of School Well-Being Indicators and the Implicit Theory of Intelligence in Well-Being Schoolchildren
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Vodyakha S. A. , Vodyakha Y. E. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University
Published: November 2020

Based on the results of studies by representatives of positive psychology, the authors suggested that one of the most important results of upbringing and instruction in high school is the implicit theory of schoolchild intelligence that is assimilated in the interaction of a teenager with peers, parents and teachers. At present, confidence in the students’ own intellectual viability is considered as priority goals of school education. At the same time, there is a lack of research on the correlation of indicators of implicit theories of intelligence and school well-being. The study involved 169 secondary school students from the 7th to 10th grade of the city of Yekaterinburg. As a result of the study of correlation relationships, the authors found that the adoption of the theory of accumulated intelligence, an enriched personality and the goal of teaching students with a high level of psychological well-being is associated with a positive attitude towards school. The self-esteem of teaching students with a low level of psychological well-being will be positive provided that the adolescent has a positive attitude towards school and teachers, with a negative attitude towards parents.
An Era of Change for People and the State
Authors: Soboleva Larisa , Redin Dmitry
Published: November 2020

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The Azbukovnik of David Zamaray, a Proofreader of the Moscow Print Yard: Time and Word
Authors: Yudin Alexey
Published: November 2020

This article examines the Alphabet Book (Rus. Azbukovnik) by David Zamaray, a proofreader of the Moscow Print Yard in the 1620s. Relying on the existing lexicographic tradition, David Zamaray created a new type of Azbukovnik, one mostly related to his professional activity. Zamaray’s Azbukovnik reflects the new vocabulary that came to Muscovite Russia with books of the so-called “Lithuanian press”. The selection and fixation of this vocabulary in the new dictionary are determined by the lexicographer’s individual approach. At the same time, the few remaining copies indicate not only the elitist nature of Zamaray’s work, but are also characteristic of different periods in its creator’s life. The late sixteenth century (1596) witnessed the publication of works by Lavrenty Zizany (including his Lexis) and saw the release of the so-called “concise” version of Zamaray’s Azbukovnik. At the time, he was still a monk at the monastery of St Anthony of Rome in Novgorod, the western boundary of Muscovite Russia. In the 1620s, Zamaray worked for the Moscow Print Yard; the interest of the Moscow authorities in the books of the Lithuanian press grew, and a new version of Zamaray’s Azbukovnik was created. In the 1630s, the dictionary’s creator was supposedly exiled due to the changes caused by the death of Patriarch Filaret and the approval of the final text of his lexicographic work. Each of these periods is reflected in Zamaray’s Azbukovnik. Being at the centre of the ideological reforms initiated and suspended by Patriarch Filaret, Zamaray was forced to take into account the changing political situation in the Muscovite state. This author of the early modern period created a new type of Azbukovnik, one which not only pays tribute to tradition, but also shows more and more individual traits of the creator.
To See the Sovereign's Eyes: The Admission of Members of Court at Easter in the Reign of Mikhail Romanov
Authors: Pavlov Andrei
Published: November 2020

This article studies a tradition that existed in the Muscovite state between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, according to which at Easter, servicemen had the honour of being personally greeted by the sovereign and “seeing the sovereign’s eyes”. A set of documents has survived from the reign of Mikhail Fyodorovich about the admission of different groups of Moscow nobles and clerks to “see the sovereign’s eyes” at Easter either in the komnata (tsar’s personal room), the perednyaya (reception room) or the seny (entrance hall). This set of documents is first introduced into scholarly circulation here. Servicemen considered their reception in the said rooms an indicator of their status and position at court. Of particular importance for the courtiers was the admission during Easter celebrations to “see the sovereign’s eyes” in the tsar’s room. The author analyses the composition of persons included in the “room lists” between 1619 and 1644, which provides a clearer idea about the nature of relationships at the top of the service class and determines the real situation of various persons and clans at court. The article shows that traditionally, it was primarily representatives of aristocratic families who were allowed to enter the tsar’s room. At the same time, almost half of the people admitted belonged to new noble families. However, their presence was not accidental. As a rule, they were representatives of clans firmly established at court thanks to family and personal ties with the royal family and influential boyars and courtiers. The author concludes that the admission of representatives of the most diverse layers of servicemen into the tsar’s room at Easter indicates a process whereby new court relations were formed, according to which the real status of serviceman was determined not only by their origin but also by the degree of proximity to the court.
Celebrations at European Courts as Viewed by “Sarmatian” Travellers
Authors: Wolański Filip
Published: November 2020

This article considers the way inhabitants of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth perceived European court ceremonies as reflected in their travel notes. More particularly, the author analyses texts of the eighteenth century, where the ceremonies described are treated as some of the most important elements of symbolic communication between the authorities and society. Eighteenth-century travelogues provide a comprehensive idea of contacts with royal courts and social elites (political but also cultural and even academic), which does not comply with the stereotypical image of such situations. Starting with the late seventeenth century, court culture mostly relied on French models, which is why the article presents ceremonies at the court of Versailles described by travellers from the nobility, clergy, and from a woman’s perspective. The author also describes ceremonies and etiquette of the imperial court in Vienna, as well as the very specific ceremonial of the Roman court. The latter was characterised by the participation of the Pope. The analysis relies on intercultural communication research methods.
The Diplomatic Ceremonial at the Court of Catherine II
Authors: Smilyanskaya Elena
Published: November 2020

Referring to relevant approaches to the study of diplomatic culture and the semiotics of gestures, this article examines the significance of kissing the sovereign’s hands in diplomatic ceremonies in western Europe, and, more particularly, in Britain and Russia. Confusion and disagreement over the meaning of this gesture could become a major stumbling block in the evolution of Anglo-Russian relations at the very moment when there was a willingness to become closer owing to the expanding sphere of mutual political interests. With the arrival of the British ambassador Charles Cathcart and his wife in Russia in 1768, the ceremony of the first audience of the ambassador and (especially) the ambassadress with the sovereign was the subject of intense negotiations in the highest echelons of power. The discussion focused on the act of kissing the sovereign’s hands. A gesture that in Russia had long been considered a sign of the monarch’s mercy towards the ambassador of another Christian state might seem an acknowledgement of subordination or submission to the Scottish Lord Cathcart. The tradition had no parallel in the diplomatic ceremonies of other European courts. Why did the Russian government, which sought to match diplomatic ceremonies at the court with Western European protocols, not compromise when it came to this formality? How did the key persons of the story – Cathcart and Count Nikita Panin – evaluate the possible consequences of not carrying out the required ceremonial protocols? What concessions and violations were the two sides prepared for in these disputes over ceremony in the name of “high politics”? Referring to archival materials from the National Archives of the United Kingdom, the personal papers of the Cathcart family kept in the National Library of Scotland, and several published dispatches of British representatives in Russia, the author studies the reflections of Lord and Lady Cathcart on their introduction to Empress Catherine II. The analysis leads the author to conclude that Catherine II perceived the kissing of the sovereign’s hands as an indispensable prerequisite for starting any diplomatic mission and as a historically established gesture that demonstrated the grandeur of the crown. Negotiations over the act of hand-kissing in 1768 showed that this ceremonial detail was not a mere formality but could become the key factor in the success of an ambassador’s mission.
Positioning the Writing Centre
Authors: Burke David A.
Published: November 2020

Implicit in the discussion about the “open” future of the library are questions about the library’s identity in an increasingly digital context and anticipations of change (Anderson et al., 2017). But the “open” future of the library does not need to be a passive future. Much like the traditional library, whose books and reading rooms were positioned between students and faculties, the future library can still occupy a similar liminal space, even as digital access supplants books and librarians do less shushing.

But the future library must actively seek to occupy that space. As a future library service, a writing centre can be positioned to help do so.

This paper draws on the experience of the Academic Writing Centre at the University of Oslo (UiO). As part of the University Library, the Writing Centre is already actively helping to mediate the space between students and instructors. Empowered by its liminal position, the Writing Centre offers tailored, non-hegemonic writing support based on student and faculty needs.

As a best practices presentation, this paper identifies key aspects of the Writing Centre’s operational model to demonstrate how the Writing Centre at UiO has already begun to actively (re)position the University Library in the space between students and faculties. Drawing from Academic Literacy theory (Lillis, 2001; Lea & Street, 1998), this paper characterizes the space between students and instructors in the context of academic writing, emphasizing the aspects of identity formulation germane to the writing process (Ivanič, 1998; Lillis, 2010), as well as the faculties’ mandates to develop discourse literacy. From its liminal position between the faculties and the students, and with an awareness of the nature of the gap between the two, the Writing Centre (as part of the University Library) aims to actively support students and instructors toward each other and spark broader collaboration with the University Library, now and in the future.

On a practical level, this paper discusses successes and challenges for the Academic Writing Centre so far and offers insight into the Writing Centre’s important role in the future library.
Om forskningsstödjande tjänster för forskningsdata i UH-bibliotek
Authors: Rydving Karin Cecilia
Published: November 2020

This article presents data collected from a survey among the library directors of the 32 members of the UHR Library. The survey found that most academic libraries are currently offering or are planning to offer various consultative RDS, rather than technical or hands-on RDS. The majority of academic libraries provide support for training in skills related to RDS for their library staff. Almost all libraries collaborate with other units inside their institutions, or with outside institutions. The libraries reported they had or are planning to reassign existing staff to provide RDS. The library directors mainly agree on the importance of RDS among the academic libraries. This indicates that academic libraries want to continue to expand their responsibility within RDS through collaboration, and existing library staff.
ORIGEM ESCOLAR E ACESSO À EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR: ANÁLISE DA OCUPAÇÃO DE VAGAS DE AÇÕES AFIRMATIVAS NA UFRGS
Authors: CAREGNATO CÉLIA ELIZABETE , SANTOS HARLON ROMARIZ RABELO , FELIN LOURENÇO BRITO
Published: November 2020

RESUMO: O artigo analisa a relação entre a heterogeneidade das escolas públicas e a ocupação das vagas da política de ações afirmativas na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). A partir da literatura sobre estratificação escolar em sociologia da educação, assume-se a existência de um quase-mercado escolar na rede pública, com escolas regulares e diferenciadas. Os dados explorados referem-se aos ingressos do ano de 2017. A metodologia, de cunho quantitativo, privilegiou análises descritivas, cruzamentos simples e medidas básicas de associação, caracterizando-se como um estudo exploratório. Os resultados mostram que os egressos das escolas regulares têm um acesso proporcionalmente menor às vagas reservadas na modalidade que não considera renda ou cor/raça. Esse fenômeno ocorre de forma mais intensa nos cursos mais concorridos. Considerando a heterogeneidade entre escolas públicas, a forma atual de ingresso na educação superior pública favorece egressos da escola pública diferenciada frente aos egressos da regular. Entende-se que esse fato caracteriza um limite na correção da distorção no acesso à educação superior pública federal.
Analysis of Measurements of Direct Normal and Global Solar Radiation for Maceió, Alagoas State, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Lopes Júnior José Marcelo , Souza José Leonaldo de , Ferreira Junior Ricardo Araujo , Santos Cícero Manoel dos , Lyra Gustavo Bastos , Tiba Chigueru , Silva Júnior Rosiberto Salustiano da
Published: November 2020

Abstract Studying solar radiation is essential for human knowledge, since it is present in practically all its activities. Thus, the aim of this work was to analyze the climatic and seasonal variation of direct normal and global solar radiation in the region of Maceió, Alagoas State, Northeastern Brazil with sky conditions characterized by clearness index (Kt). The Kt was determined by the ratio between global solar irradiance and solar irradiance at the top of the atmosphere. The highest occurrences of daily direct normal solar irradiance under conditions of Kt ≥ 0.6 were recorded between 400 W m−2 and 700 W m−2 for all seasons. Under conditions of 0.4 ≤ Kt < 0.6, the daily direct normal solar irradiance occurred between 200 W m−2 and 500 W m−2 and for conditions of Kt < 0.4, its maximum value was 200 W m−2. It was observed that the levels of solar incidence in the study region depend on cloud cover conditions, with little influence of seasonality.
Avaliação do ponto de congelamento do leite cru por espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier como método de triagem
Authors: Duarte E. , Lima J. , Fonseca R.P. , Leite M.O. , Fonseca L.M.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a interferência do teor de gordura do leite no ponto de congelamento (PC) obtido pelo infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Uma fração de leite cru foi desnatada, obtendo-se creme e leite desnatado. O leite integral e o desnatado foram adicionados com água (0%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15% e 20%). O leite desnatado remanescente foi adicionado com creme (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) e água (0%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15% e 20%). As amostras foram analisadas para PC (crioscópio eletrônico e FTIR) e composição (FTIR). O PC medido por FTIR foi altamente correlacionado com o método do crioscópio eletrônico (acima de 98,5%) e, como esperado, a adição de água foi significativa (P≤0,001) ao aumentar o PC do leite em ambos os métodos. No entanto, o alto teor de gordura no leite cru resultou na redução do PC ao se utilizar o FTIR, enquanto o baixo teor de gordura resultou em aumento do PC (P≤0,001). Uma vez que a adição de água causou o efeito inverso do alto teor de gordura no PC medido por FTIR, é importante considerar o teor de gordura do leite para evitar interpretações erradas do PC quando se utiliza o método FTIR.
Avaliação nutricional e metabólica de borregas alimentadas com níveis crescentes de aminoácidos protegidos
Authors: Araújo C.M. , Macedo Júnior G.L. , Oliveira K.A. , Silva A.L. , Santos M.T.S.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a inclusão de níveis de lisina e metionina protegidas na dieta sobre os parâmetros nutricionais e metabólicos energéticos e hepáticos de borregas em crescimento. Utilizaram-se cinco borregas ½ sangue Dorper x Santa Inês, com aproximadamente oito meses de idade e peso médio de 50 ± 2,3kg, distribuídas em esquema quadrado latino 5x5 (cinco tratamentos, cinco animais e cinco períodos). Os tratamentos consistiram na inclusão de diferentes níveis de lisina e metionina protegidas da degradação ruminal (MicroPEARLS LM®) na ração, sendo: 0g, 8g, 16g, 24g e 32g por dia. A dieta era composta por silagem de milho e concentrado na relação 30V:70C. Realizou-se um ensaio de digestibilidade para determinar consumo e digestibilidade da matéria seca (CMS/DGMS), balanço de nitrogênio e metabólitos sanguíneos. O CMS (kg/dia) em relação ao peso metabólico apresentou equação linear positiva, sendo maior no tratamento que ofertou 32g de aminoácidos por dia, assim como o nitrogênio ingerido e o balanço de nitrogênio, sendo positivo em todos os tratamentos. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) para a digestibilidade da MS e o metabolismo energético e hepático. Lisina e metionina protegidas da degradação ruminal podem ser incluídas na ração de borregas em crescimento até 32g/dia sem causar efeitos negativos na digestibilidade da MS e no metabolismo.
Detecção de anticorpos anti-Rickettsia rickettsii em cães residentes em área negligenciada no município de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Authors: Souza Z.Ê.S. , Moraes B.V. , Krawczak F.S. , Zulzke L. , Carvalho T.V. , Sousa A.O. , Agopian R.G. , Marcili A. , Labruna M.B. , Moraes-Filho J.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO A febre maculosa brasileira (FMB), descrita inicialmente nos Estados Unidos como febre maculosa das Montanhas Rochosas, é uma antropozoonose relatada apenas no continente americano e causada pela bactéria Rickettsia rickettsii. No Brasil a transmissão ocorre sobretudo pela picada de carrapatos do gênero Amblyomma spp. A doença foi inicialmente descrita como de transmissão em áreas rurais e silvestres, no entanto áreas periurbanas e urbanas vêm apresentando casos, principalmente relacionados com a presença de humanos residindo em pequenos fragmentos de mata ciliar. O presente estudo teve por objetivo elucidar a dispersão da FMB nas proximidades dos reservatórios Guarapiranga e Billings, na cidade de São Paulo, SP. Para tanto, a presença de anticorpos anti-R. rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri e Rickettsia bellii foi avaliada em cães atendidos nas campanhas de esterilização cirúrgica e residentes ao redor dos reservatórios. Foram coletadas amostras de 393 cães, e as amostras de soro foram analisadas pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), com ponto de corte de 1:64. Os títulos para R. rickettsii variaram de 256 a 4096, com positividade de 3,3% (13/393); para R. bellii, de 128 a 1024 e 4,1% (16/393) de positivos, e um único animal (0,25%) foi soropositivo para R. parkeri, com título de 128. Os achados permitem concluir que a região de estudo apresenta condições de se tornar uma possível área com casos de FMB, pois comporta fragmentação de Mata Atlântica, condições essas ideais para a manutenção do vetor do gênero Amblyomma já descrito na região, bem como para a presença da Rickettsia rickettsii circulante entre os cães, confirmada pela existência de anticorpos. Condutas referentes à conscientização da população por meio de trabalhos educacionais devem ser implantadas para a prevenção da doença na população da área.
Doenças de felinos domésticos diagnosticadas no sul do Rio Grande do Sul: estudo de 40 anos
Authors: Schied H.V. , Zamboni R. , Alberti T.S. , Brunner C.B. , Venancio F.R. , Arantes E.M.J. , Raff M.B. , Schild A.L. , Sallis E.S.V.
Published: November 2020

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as principais doenças de felinos na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram revisados os protocolos de necropsia e das amostras biológicas de felinos encaminhados ao Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD/UFPel), no período de 1978 a 2018. Nesse período foram recebidas 1633 amostras de felinos, sendo 363 (22%) entre os anos de 1978 e 1999 e 1270 (78%) entre os anos de 2000 e 2018. Com relação aos diagnósticos, 457 felinos (28%) apresentaram tumores benignos ou malignos, sendo os tegumentares e os mamários os mais frequentes. As doenças bacterianas, fúngicas, virais, parasitárias, sem agente definido e as intoxicações totalizaram 554 casos (33,9%), destacando-se a esporotricose, com 12,8% dos diagnósticos. Concluiu-se que, na região sul do RS, o encaminhamento de felinos para diagnóstico aumentou significativamente após o ano 2000, comprovando que a espécie passou a ter maior importância como animal de companhia. Concluiu-se, também, que as neoplasias têm papel relevante entre as doenças de felinos e que a esporotricose é uma das mais importantes zoonoses na região.
Effect of the subdose of human chorionic gonadotropin applied in the Hou Hai acupoint on ovulation induction in mares
Authors: Ribeiro M.O. , Silva M.A.A. , Maggitti Junior L.D.P. , Bezerra P.A. , Bittencourt R.F. , Feliciano M.A.R. , Santana A.L.A. , Silva P.D.A. , Barbosa L.P.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an hCG sub dose applied at the Hou Hai acupoint on corpus luteum (CL) quality and ovulation induction in mares. Fifteen crossbred mares were distributed in randomized blocks and used in three periods with each period employed as the blocking factor in three treatments: T1 = 1500 IU of hCG via intravenous (IV); T2 = 450 IU of hCG applied at the false acupoint (IV); and T3 = 450 IU of hCG applied at the Hou Hai acupoint. Mean diameter of the CL, serum concentration of progesterone (P4), vascularization of the pre-ovulatory follicle and CL were evaluated. Females administered 450 IU of hCG at the Hou Hai acupoint exhibited greater ovulation rates (33.33%) 48h after induction; The minimum number of colored pixel (NCP) of the pre-ovulatory follicle of control females was superior (40.33) to that of mares administered 450 IU of hCG IV at the false acupoint (36.84) and similar to that of those administered hCG at the Hou Hai acupoint (39.31). Further, moderately positive correlations were found between the CL diameter and the P4 concentration on D8 (P<0.05). IV administration of 450 IU of hCG or at the Hou Hai acupoint was efficient at inducing ovulation and ensuring the quality of CL in mares.
Application of the “real options theory” method to the production systems used in dairy cattle farming
Authors: Xavier D.T. , Peres A.A.C. , Almeida G.L. , Carvalho C.A.B.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze applications of real options theory for increasing the productivity of Mantiqueira ecotype dairy cows kept in guinea grass pastures with different sources of bulky supplementation (black oats, fodder cane, or sorghum silage), because the traditional methodologies do not consider the uncertainties related to this activity. Real options theory, an investment evaluation method, fills this gap as its most significant feature is its flexibility to act on uncertain events. Based on the results obtained for two economic indicators, the net present value and internal rate of return, and considering the production items identified in the sensitivity analysis, this study evaluated the expansion flexibility of each system using the real options theory methodology in discrete time as proposed by Copeland and Antikarov (2001). The analysis of the expansion options showed that the values of the production systems increased by 6.73%, 1.21%, and 19.49% for the systems supplemented with sorghum silage, black oats, and fodder cane, respectively. The expanded net present values were R$ 141,642.39, R$ 64,211.08, and R$ 58,013.07 for the systems that adopted bulky supplementation with black oats, fodder cane, and sorghum silage, respectively.
Use of sugar cane to feed lactating dairy goats
Authors: Cabral A.M.D. , Carvalho F.F.R. , Santos G.C.L. , Ferreira J.C. , Silva M.J.M.S. , Santos G.R.A. , Belo Júnior G.S. , Melo N.D.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of replacing corn silage with sugarcane in the diet of lactating Saanen goats and to determine their intake and digestibility of nutrients, ingestive behavior, milk yield and composition. The experimental diets were composed of increasing levels (0, 33, 66 and 100%) of substitution in dry matter (DM). Twelve multiparous Saanen goats, with an average body weight of 45.2kg, average milk yield of 3.0kg day-1, distributed in a triple latin square experimental design (4 × 4) were used. The dry matter intake (DMI) and other nutrients were estimated through the difference between the total nutrient in the food offered and its total in the leftovers. The DMI, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total digestible nutrients were not influenced, but the apparent digestibility of DM and NDF decreased. Feeding time and feeding efficiency were not influenced, the rumination and total chewing times increased, and the leisure time decreased, both linearly. Milk yield was not influenced by substitution levels, but corrected milk yield to 3.5% fat decreased. Sugar cane represents a dietary alternative for goats with medium milk yield in critical periods of forage, since it does not change the consumption of DM and milk yield, even with the apparent declining digestibility of some nutrients, influencing the ingestive behavior of the animals.
Observational study on the breeding performance of emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) in Brazil
Authors: Quintero J.C.P. , Calixto L.F.L. , Almeida A.J. , Moreira Y.R. , Rocha S.S. , Torres-Cordido K.A.A.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to describe emus’ breeding performance in Brazil at different ages, grouped in couples or colonies. The duration of the breeding season and the production of eggs per female housed were recorded, and the productivity and breeding variables were associated with the variation of the photoperiod. The total production of the flock was 180 eggs, and the breeding season lasted 167 days (April-September), a period with an average of 11 h and 11min of daylight. The breeding season lasted 113, 133 and 82 days, the numbers of eggs produced per female were 7.29, 25.67 and 17.3, and productivity values were 31.6, 38.6, and 45.4% in the groups of birds with ages of two, four and seven years, respectively. The breeding season in 2016 occurred between April and August in Brazil. Older birds tended to start breeding later. The production rate observations indicated that earlier peak production was associated with lower egg production potential. Finally, there was a tendency for better breeding performance of birds housed in couples than in groups with more birds.
An approach on food choice determinants: a study in the restaurants of a public market in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: MOURA Ana Claudia Carvalho , MELO Martha Teresa Siqueira Marques , SILVA Bianca Lourrany dos Santos , PAZ Suzana Maria Rebêlo Sampaio da , PAIVA Adriana de Azevedo , CARVALHO Cecilia Maria Resende Gonçalves de
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the main determinants of food consumption among adult users of a public market in a capital of Northeastern Brazil. Methods A total of 198 diners in a public market, constituting a sample comprising 149 males and 49 females over 19 years of age, was interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaires from August 2018 to January 2019. Sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, place of origin, education and income, in addition to the determinants of food choices were evaluated. The analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test (nonparametric) that compared the means of the dimensions involved in these choices according to gender and income. Results Sensory appeal, price and health were the main determinants of food choices. When compared by gender and income, there were significant differences regarding the attributes reviewed. Conclusion The factors that influenced food choice were: sensory appeal, price and health. Ethical issues were the ones that least interfered with food choice. Thus, such aspects must be taken into account for the development of public policies in the area of collective eating and environmental education. The factors that influenced food choice were: sensory appeal, price and health. Ethical issues were the ones that least interfered with food choice. Thus, such aspects must be taken into account for the development of public policies in the area of collective eating and environmental education.
From the Time of Rights to the Time of Intolerance. The Neoconservative Movement and the Impact of the Bolsonaro Government. Challenges for Brazilian Anthropology
Authors: Machado Lia Zanotta
Published: November 2020

Abstract The present article discusses the recent neo-conservative movement in Brazil led by the Agribusiness and Evangelical Congressional Caucuses. Both fronts built and consolidated a confluence of objectives and political linkages in the National Congress to confront access to human rights. Neoconservative narratives centered on the “moral agenda” and based on the manipulation of Christian religious values have grown in Brazil’s public scene, countering concepts of gender equality, sexual diversity and reproductive rights. At the same time, an agenda of “legal certainty”, based on the interests of agribusiness, has dismantled environmental protection policies and blocked indigenous and quilombola rights to access land. This movement promotes the delegitimization of anthropological knowledge and of the sciences in general, while undermining the fundamental rights referenced by the Brazilian constitution. With the inauguration of a neoconservative government, intolerance has grown. As Bauman warns, one of the conditions of the dehumanization of the “Other” is authorization by government practices. The challenges facing Brazilian anthropology have increased dramatically in this scenario.
Effects of phenolic enrichment on vitamin C and antioxidant activity of commercial orange juice
Authors: Romeo Rosa , Bruno Alessandra De , Piscopo Amalia , Medina Eduardo , Ramírez Eva , Brenes Manuel , Poiana Marco
Published: November 2020

Abstract The autoxidation process of vitamin C in orange juice is the most important cause of quality loss during its storage. We evaluated the enrichment with different concentrations of a phenolic extract in a commercial orange juice for some qualitative parameters such as the content of vitamin C, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. The lowest concentration of phenols produced the most stable enriched juice. In particular, we observed an inverse correlation between phenolic concentration and vitamin C retention in enriched juices. DPPH assay results confirmed this trend, correlated more to the vitamin antioxidant effect. TEAC results instead, were similar for the different juice samples, probably influenced by the phenolic content. The application of this study is the production for the industry of new functional drinks such as juices enriched with phenolic ingredients that show increased stability concerning those without addiction.
Historiografia do patrimônio na década de 1980? Algumas considerações
Authors: Teixeira Luciano dos Santos
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Este artigo analisa a constituição de uma abordagem historiográfica sobre o patrimônio cultural no Brasil, a partir de duas obras de referência para o estudo do tema, editadas na década de 1980: Produzindo o passado, organizada por Antonio Augusto Arantes (1984), e Proteção e revitalização do patrimônio cultural no Brasil: uma trajetória (1980), lançada pelo Secretaria do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Sphan/Pró-Memória). Enfatizando tanto o contexto em que essas obras foram publicadas, como as características que as tornaram representativas da nova abordagem do patrimônio cultural, o texto ressalta, para além das novas temáticas propostas por esses títulos, novas perspectivas, que traduziam, por sua vez, novos olhares sobre a cultura, a memória e o passado materializado da nação. abordagens partir daí foi possível organizar novo discurso patrimonial, associado a noções como de bem cultural, e, com isso, surgiu a possibilidade da escrita da história do patrimônio no Brasil.
O Direito à Moradia: Reflexões sobre Habitabilidade e Dignidade
Authors: Spink Mary Jane Paris , Martins Mário Henrique da Mata , Silva Sandra Luzia Assis , Silva Simone Borges da
Published: November 2020

Resumo Com base no pressuposto de que o direito à moradia é um princípio básico estabelecido em tratados internacionais e na própria Constituição brasileira, este ensaio tem três objetivos: situar historicamente a introdução deste princípio no contexto internacional e nacional; sua reelaboração a partir do conceito de adequação habitacional e a translação, no contexto brasileiro, da discussão sobre moradia adequada para moradia digna. Com este intuito, foram analisados documentos considerados centrais nesse debate, tendo como ponto de partida a Declaração de Direitos Humanos de 1948. Como método, a discussão está assentada na análise de documentos de domínio público e pautada na perspectiva da psicologia social discursiva. Como conclusão, consideramos que a translação de moradia adequada para moradia digna tem por base situar o direito à moradia como exercício de cidadania, com o uso de moradia digna para indicar que o que está em pauta é a possibilidade de ter uma vida digna.