bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Defense of Horace Vandergelder: A Historicist Reading of The Matchmaker
Authors: Martocello Charles
Published: July 2021

This article argues that Horace Vandergelder is more than a typical one-dimensional character that inhabits a farce. It is likely that in constructing the character of Vandergelder, Wilder drew from personal and family experience. He sets The Matchmaker in the town neighboring his mother’s birthplace. Wilder experienced yeoman farming as a young man and saw its destruction as monoculture farming grew to dominate American agriculture. His father’s and grandfather’s views on alcohol and the social place of women impacted the way that Wilder viewed the world. His maternal and paternal family both included members who served in the Civil War and others who became involved in military fraternal organizations. Viewing Vandergelder’s characterization as deeply rooted in American history and culture explains both his actions and motives. Despite the immense hardship of his life, Vandergelder, a widower, is able to create a surrogate family that he does his best to protect despite their negative views of him. He changes at the end of The Matchmaker for the good of his family rather than to provide a happy ending for a comedy.
Impactos ambientales en el turismo comunitario: Un caso especial en la Amazonía ecuatoriana
Authors:   1	Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Sede Orellana, El Coca EC220001, Ecuador, Lara Vásconez Rita Sulema , Quinchuela Pozo Flor María , Lara Vásconez Norma Ximena
Published: July 2021

El turismo comunitario se ha presentado como una alternativa para sostener el desarrollo del turismo en los países en desarrollo. Este modelo turístico ofrece a los residentes locales la oportunidad de administrar los recursos naturales y culturales con el fin de promover la economía local y generar mayores beneficios. En las últimas décadas, el comportamiento de los turistas ha comenzado a cambiar a medida que los turistas buscan un nuevo enfoque sin experiencia de los destinos, donde puedan experimentar la cultura local e involucrarse en sus viajes. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el turismo comunitario que se desarrolla en Ecuador desde un enfoque de impactos tanto positivos como negativos. Se evidencia que los principales beneficios son los socioeconómicos, mientras que las principales afectaciones se dan al medio natural y en ocasiones perturbaciones antrópicas a los locales.
Evaluation of Jadelle use in Teaching hospital in Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Nonye-Enyidah Esther Ijeoma  , Lebara L.B  , Enyidah Nonyenim Solomon
Published: July 2021

Background: Jadelle (Norplant 2) is a levonorgestrel contraceptive implants that is safe, reversible, convenient, very effective and suitable for many women. Although it has numerous benefits, its use is still discontinued due to various reasons including side effects in the body of acceptors. Objective: To determine the prevalence rate, side effects, discontinuation rate and reasons for discontinuation of Jadelle at Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective study of 874 clients attending birth control clinic at the RSUTH from 1st January, 2015 – 31st December, 2019 was conducted. Their records were recovered from the clinic and studied. Data was extracted, coded and investigated using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) IBM version 25.0 (Armonk, NY). Results: Of 874 acceptors of contraceptives within the study period, one hundred and forty two used Jadelle giving an uptake rate of 16.2%. Jadelle use accounted for third most used contraceptive after implanon and intra uterine contraceptive device (IUCD) during the study period. The mean age was 32.9+4.21 years. Most age group was 30-34 years accounting for 57.8%. Age range was 20-48 years and most (81.7%) were multiparous. Christians accounted for 99.3% and 98.4% were married. All the clients had formal education. Thirty nine (27.5%) acceptors discontinued the use. Most were due to menorrhagia (33.3%) and desire for pregnancy (23.1%). Two unintended pregnancies occurred giving a Pearl index of 0.28 per 100 women-year. Conclusion: Jadelle is safe and effective. Menstrual abnormalities were the commonest side effects complained by the clients. Menstrual abnormalities and desire for pregnancy were the commonest reasons for discontinuation of Jadelle use.
PROPOSAL FOR A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL TO STUDY THE SELECTIVITY BETWEEN PTP1B AND ITS ALLOSTERIC INHIBITORS
Authors: García Marín Javier
Published: July 2021

Diabetes mellitus type II has spread as a problematic pandemia for countries all over the world. Despite of the current available treatments, approved drugs still show undesirable side effects, loss of efficacy or they target symptoms instead of causes. Since its discovery, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B has emerged as a very promising target against this disease. Despite of the information about the enzyme, there is no knowledge regarding the selectivity between this enzyme and its closest homologue, lymphocyte T tyrosine phosphatase, responsible of complicate side effects. In this study different computational approaches have let us to highlight the importance of a phenylalanine residue located in protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, but no in its homologue, as a crucial hotspot that causes selectivity. These results let to explain the observed selectivity and they can be used as a guide for the design of new inhibitors.
EFFECT OF THE HEXANIC EXTRACT OF TAGETES LUCIDA ON THE INHIBITION OF THE GROWTH OF ENTEROBACTERIA SHIGELLA FLEXNERI AND SALMONELLA TYPHI
Authors: Almeida-Villegas Jorge Ángel , García-Contreras Rodolfo , Rodríguez Miriam Deyanira , Porras-Hernández Yahira Katherine , Surenovna Meliksetyan Lilit , Arroyo-Mejía María Fernanda
Published: July 2021

Antibiotic resistance increases the search for new strategies to combat the diseases they cause, and the use of medicinal plants represents a highly effective and valuable strategy, such as the use of Tagetes lucida with different gram positive and gram negative bacteria.
Objective: To evaluate the biological activity of the hexane extract of the Tagetes lucida plant at different concentrations on the inhibition of growth in plaque and tube of two enterobacteriaceae, Shigella flexneri and Salmonella typhi
Methods: In the following work, a hexane extract from Tagetes lucida was evaluated on the growth inhibition of two enterobacteriaceae, Shigella flexneri and Salmonella typhi using different concentrations of vehicle to evaluate if it affected bacterial growth and also different concentrations of extract to evaluate activity.
Results: Once the studies were carried out in triplicate, it was possible to specify that from 75µl/µg of extract, almost total inhibition of the growth of both bacteria was achieved, both in the plate method and in the tube method. And from 100 µl/µg total inhibition is achieved.
Conclusions: The favorable results obtained with 75 µl/ µg, confirm that medicinal plant extracts are an important strategy to combat multi-drug resistant bacterial infections. On the other hand, it allows a study to be carried out to evaluate the most active metabolites of the extract, as well as the mechanism of action on the inhibition of the growth of the bacteria under study.
3D PRINTING OF MEDICINES
Authors: Gómez Galparsoro Miren , Santos Vizcaíno Edorta
Published: July 2021

The pharmaceutical industry is continually searching for new technologies to improve the characteristics of current medicines. One of the objectives is the increase of adherence to the treatments by patients. Simultaneously, 3-dimensional printing (3DP) is an emerging additive technique that is reaching many sectors of industry and influencing directly and indirectly the quality of life of patients. In this sense, 3DP postulates to be one of the technologies that contribute to the pharmaceutical development, allowing the personalized medicine in patients, improving the bioavailability of drugs with dissolution problems or combining all the medication of the patients in a single tablet (polypill), among others. This new technique will differ greatly from the traditional pharmaceutical manufacturing and in the coming years it may involve a revolutionary transformation in pharmaceutical practice.
NAMING COSMETICS: ORIGINS AND CONSOLIDATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL NOMENCLATURE OF COSMETICS
Authors: Suay-Matallana Marta , Suay-Matallana Ignacio
Published: July 2021

This work studies the development and consolidation of an international terminology of cosmetics in both the United States and Europe, considering, mainly, the period between 1938 and 1996. The powerful cosmetic sector of the US made several efforts to standardize its products resulting in the publication of the Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary in 1973, with a specific nomenclature initially called CTFA Adopted Names, and, since 1993, International Nomenclature of Cosmetic ingredients (INCI). In Europe, the terminology standardization process took longer, involving the coexistence of different standards, as well as the final adoption of INCI terminology for consumers, which consolidated an international cosmetic market.
APPLICATION OF QUALITY BY DESIGN (QBD) APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CYTOPHEROMETRIC ANALYTICAL METHOD OF HUMAN RED BLOOD CELLS: COMPARISON WITH TRADITIONAL DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY
Authors: Ferrandiz Vindel Fernando
Published: July 2021

Quality by Design (QbD) is defined as a systematic approach to development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management, according to ICH Q section guidelines definition.
Although this definition does not specifically mention analytical methods, since 2007 there have been authors who have defended the possibility of applying the principles of QbD to the development and validation of analytical methods in order to ensure their ruggedness and robustness, especially in the field of physical and physicochemical methods related to the quantitative drug analysis.
However, in our experience, the real scope of application of QbD for analytical methods can include not only the quantitative analysis of drugs, but also other analytical methods in which other properties are determined, such as cytoferometry, a specific type of cell and particle suspension electrophoresis, with which it is possible to determine the electrophoretic mobility of normal and pathological erythrocytes.
Data of the original development of a cytopherometric method carried out in 1988 have been reprocessed according to current QbD principles, and the results obtained with the traditional methodology and with the QbD methodology have been compared.
This comparison demonstrates that the results processed following QbD show an enhancement in the knowledge and control of the cytopherometric method, giving more flexibility on physical and physico-chemical parameters management and appropriate tools to control the principal sources of analytical variability.
SOFOSBUVIR TREATMENT IMPROVES HEPATITIS C VIRUS-INDUCED INSULIN RESISTANCE
Authors: Rey Esther , Marañón Patricia , González-Rodríguez Águeda
Published: July 2021

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The overall aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sofosbuvir (SOF) on HCV-induced insulin resistance. Clinical parameters were recorded and insulin resistance index (HOMA) calculated from 42 insulin-resistant HCV-patients who underwent SOF-based regimens, at baseline, at the end of treatment (EoT), and at one year after the EoT. Likewise, Huh7 cells expressing full-length HCV replicons were used to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in insulin action regulated by SOF. All patients reached a sustained virological response after SOF treatment and, as expected, a significant reduction in liver damage markers and fibrosis stage was observed at the EoT that remained one year later. HOMA significantly improved throughout the study time period. Besides, an increase of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels were maintained over time after the EoT. At the molecular level, SOF treatment improved the activation of the insulin signalling cascade after stimulation with the hormone in HCV-hepatocytes and, accordingly, reversed the elevated expression of gluconeogenic genes, the increased glucose production and the impairment of glycogen synthesis induced by HCV. Furthermore, SOF challenge induced an increase of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) content parallel to a reduction in its serine phosphorylation in HCV-hepatocytes. These results provide novel evidence about the molecular mechanisms involved in the hepatic insulin sensitization induced by SOF treatment involving the recovery of IRS1 protein levels as a hallmark of SOF effects.
NATURAL PRODUCTS: FROM TRADITIONAL MEDICINE TO LEAD COMPOUNDS FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors: de las Heras Polo Beatriz
Published: July 2021

Natural products have historically contributed to drug discovery as a source of bioactive molecules, due to their great diversity and structural complexity. They have provided “lead” molecules for the development of drugs in different therapeutic areas, with a very prominent representation in the treatment of pain and inflammation, coagulation disorders, metabolic disorders, as well as in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. In recent decades there has been a paradigm shift in drug discovery strategies that has allowed the identification of new active natural products in therapeutic targets. Combinatorial Chemistry and biological tests (High Throughput Screening), together with the development of computational techniques, have contributed decisively to the design and optimization of libraries of natural product derivatives based on their biological activity. In parallel, technological advances in the field of Omics sciences and in data processing lead to a multidimensional approach in the drug discovery process. These powerful tools will allow the analysis of the pharmacological potential of natural products and their derivatives for the conversion of these molecules to active products with low toxicity. In the Precision Medicine era, natural products continue to be molecules with great potential in pharmaceutical development, since, unlike other therapeutic strategies, they have a favorable cost-benefit ratio, which will allow their future use in this discipline.
REGULATION OF THE INTESTINAL INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE THROUGH THE INGESTION OF MAILLARD COMPOUNDS AND THEIR INTERACTION WITH RAGE AND GPR43 RECEPTORS
Authors: Pastoriza Silvia , Rufián-Henares José Ángel
Published: July 2021

Molecular damage signals attract neutrophils to sites of infection or inflammation. The G-protein coupled receptor (GPR43) and the receptor for advanced glicosilation compounds (RAGE) recognize short-chain fatty acids (propionate and butyrate) and AGEs (advanced glycosylation compounds) respectively, both receptors being abundantly expressed in neutrophils and intestinal epithelial cells. The functional role that activation of these receptors plays in the in vivo orchestration of the immune response is unclear. Our work examines the effect of the ingestion of AGEs on the immune response, both in healthy mice and in mice that were induced to colitis, using transgenic mice deficient in GPR43 or RAGE receptors. One of the main findings is that both the GPR43 receptor and RAGE are necessary for the recruitment of neutrophils in a model of intestinal inflammation due to mucosal barrier injury. We have also verified that the AGEs ingested with the diet promote the appearance of an imbalance in the inflammatory balance at the intestinal level, giving rise to a pro-inflammatory status. We have also show that carboxymethylisine (CML), a specific type of AGE, is capable of stimulating the GPR43 receptor and acting as a neutrophil chemoattraction factor. Finally, we have tested the treatment with sRAGE, a protein capable of capturing free AGEs. This procedure could be a promising therapy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
ANCESTRAL RECONSTRUCTION OF A β-LACTAMASE AND COMPARISON WITH ITS EXTANT PROTEINS
Authors: Fernández Balaguer Gonzalo , del Águila Carmen , Hurtado Marcos Carolina , Agudo Torres Rubén
Published: July 2021

The β-lactamases are proteins of bacterial origin that are characterized by hydrolyzing antibiotics β-lactams, conferring microbial resistance against them. They are a heterogeneous family of proteins very relevant from a health point of view due to the ease they present to acquire resistance to new drugs due to their high capacity for evolution.
The in vitro evolution of these proteins has served not only to develop their characterization and improve their knowledge, but as a new line of research that allows to predictively identify residues involved in the acquisition of antibiotic resistance.
At the same time, the method of ancestral protein reconstruction has been revealed as a novel and useful tool to understand the evolution of β-lactamases and understand some of their characteristics such as their promiscuity.
In this work, a study of ancestral β-lactamases reconstructed from the phylogeny of existing class A β-lactamases has been carried out. Of the four ancestral proteins studied, one has been obtained that is functional and has compared its hydrolytic activity with that of four of its current counterparts against eight β-lactam drugs. This ancestral protein has been shown to have a more generalistic antibiotic activity than any of the current proteins studied. In addition, the active ancestral protein showed more resistance to one of the drugs used than the rest of β-lactamases existing. Finally these results have been discussed and from them it is argued why reconstructed ancestral sequences can be a very attractive starting point when it comes to direct evolution of proteins for obtaining proteins of biotechnological interest.
SISTEM MONITORING ALOKASI DANA DESA DENGAN METODE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING
Authors: Purnama Sari Wahyu , Supendi Yiyi , Abdi Mulya Badar
Published: July 2021

Sistem Monitoring Alokasi Dana Desa dengan Metode Exponential Smoothing merupakan sebuah sistem yang dikembangkan untuk memantau pengalokasian dana desa yang dilakukan di kelurahan agar dapat memudahkan pendataan dan keterbukaan bagi kepala desa dan masyarakat terkait pengalokasian dana desa. Sistem monitoring alokasi dana desa ini diharapkan menjadi solusi dalam upaya pendataan alokasi dana desa yang saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual. Dokumen-dokumen fisik/hardcopy yang digunakan, menyebabkan laporan yang dihasilkan tidak akurat, penyelesaian pembuatan laporan yang membutuhkan waktu lama, dan kemungkinan terjadinya kehilangan laporan yang disebabkan karena tidak terdokumentasinya laporan-laporan tersebut dengan baik. Faktor-faktor ini akan menyebabkan sulitnya monitoring terhadap dana desa yang disalurkan dari pemerintah. Adapun tujuan dari pengembangan sistem monitoring ini adalah untuk memudahkan masyarakat agar dapat mengetahui alokasi dana desa secara online menggunakan aplikasi, memudahkan administrasi dalam memberikan informasi terkait alokasi dana yang dikeluarkan kepada masyarakat, memudahkan pendataan dibidang administrasi keuangan kelurahan dan memudahkan merekap data alokasi dana desa untuk melakukan prediksi pengeluaran dibulan selanjutnya. Laporan yang diharapkan dari sistem monitoring ini adalah adanya transparansi dana desa yang diketahui dari laporan data dan grafik untuk dari penggunaan dana desa saat ini dan untuk mendapatkan evaluasi dana untuk tahun berikutnya, Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan model pengembangan perangkat lunak menggunakan Model Rapid Application Development (RAD).
Hubungan Peran Serta Orang Tua dengan Dampak Hospitalisasi pada Anak Usia Prasekolah di Ruang Al-Fajar RSUD Haji Makassar
Authors: Sriyanah Nour , Efendi Suradi , Nurleli Nurleli , Mardati Mardati
Published: July 2021

Hospital care is a new uncomfortable and stressful situation for children that is experienced by children due to many new pressures faced simultaneously. In this case, parents’ involvement and the importance of parents’ are essential to affect the healing process of children. This study aimed to recognize the relationships of parents’ roles with impact of hospitalization in preschoolers Al-Fajar room RSUD Haji Makassar 2017. This was analytical research with cross sectional study design in that number of sample was 31 preschool children in Al-Fajar room RSUD Makassar selected by accidental sampling. The results of this study were analyzed by using Chi-Square test that there was a relationship of parents’ participation with the impact of hospitalization of preschool age children in ? value = 0.001 value ? <0.05. It concluded that there was a relationship of parents’ role with the impact of hospitalization in preschool children. It is expected to parents to understand about the importance of parents’ participation in minimizing impact of hospitalization in preschool children and expected when children are exposed, parents should prepare themselves both physically and psychologically, therefore the role of parents can be applied well.
Pressupostos para o Estado de Direito Ecológico e reflexões sobre agrotóxicos no contexto de retrocessos ambientais
Authors: Leite José Rubens Morato , Beckhauser Elisa Fiorini
Published: July 2021

Este artigo objetiva analisar os pressupostos fundantes do Estado de Direito Ecológico e o novo olhar a partir da Justiça e do Direito como uma alternativa frente ao desafio que os agrotóxicos representam no contexto de retrocessos ambientais. Utilizando-se do método dedutivo e dos procedimentos documental e bibliográfico, o trabalho desenvolve uma abordagem acerca dos elementos necessários à edificação do Estado de Direito para a natureza, interconectando-o com o conceito de justiça ecológica e com os princípios gerais de direito ambiental. Em seguida, delineiam-se alguns dos retrocessos ambientais da última década no Brasil, englobando o uso e o modo de operação dos agrotóxicos e seus efeitos adversos nas dimensões social e ecológica como um exemplo dessas retrações. A pesquisa permitiu verificar que a ampla utilização de agrotóxicos no Brasil, além de nociva para a saúde humana e para os ecossistemas, também viola potencialmente direitos básicos e está intimamente associada a um modo de apropriação da renda da terra que perpetua a concentração de poder e gera injustiças ecológicas. Concluiu-se que o Estado de Direito Ecológico representa uma alternativa viável à melhor regulação que o Direito deve fornecer para combater os retrocessos ambientais, garantir a tutela integral da dignidade humana e da integridade dos ecossistemas. Alicerçado em bases epistemológicas integrativas para a natureza e em um conceito de Justiça ampliado para toda a comunidade planetária, essa vertente do Direito representa a proteção mais efetiva do meio ambiente e da tutela conjunta entre o entorno ecológico e a espécie humana.
Agrotóxicos: críticas à regulação que permite o envenenamento do país
Authors: Hess Sonia Corina , Nodari Rubens Onofre , Lopes-Ferreira Monica
Published: July 2021

O artigo contém uma análise das autorizações para a comercialização e o consumo de agrotóxicos no país na última década, bem como os seus efeitos na saúde humana e no meio ambiente. No período entre 2010 e 2018, a quantidade de agrotóxicos comercializados no Brasil aumentou mais do que o dobro do que cresceu a área cultivada no país. A permissividade da gestão de agrotóxicos no Brasil é ilustrada pelo fato de que, do total de ingredientes ativos químicos com registro no país em julho de 2020, 121 (30%) não tinham uso permitido na União Europeia (EU). A razão da proibição do uso na EU dos produtos autorizados no Brasil, no período referido, está associada aos efeitos adversos a humanos e a outros organismos resultantes da exposição aos ingredientes químicos de agrotóxicos, já descritos na literatura científica. Soja, milho, algodão e cana-de-açúcar constam entre as culturas que tiveram o maior número de novos agrotóxicos com uso autorizado no Brasil entre janeiro de 2019 e junho de 2020. Outra falta de rigor na gestão de agrotóxicos é ilustrada pela deriva, que causa danos agudos e crônicos a terceiros. Adicionalmente, a fragilidade da norma brasileira refere-se ao estabelecimento de um valor de dose, abaixo da qual eles seriam seguros. Contudo, resultados experimentais de estudos mostraram, por exemplo, que os agrotóxicos à base de glifosato, melation e piriproxifem causaram a morte de embriões de peixes em apenas 24 horas de exposição, independentemente da concentração utilizada, desafiando assim a hipótese de que existe dose segura para a exposição a tais produtos. Dessa forma, é urgente não só aumentar o rigor científico dos estudos sobre o tema, mas também promover a participação pública nas tomadas de decisão, garantindo o acesso a todas as informações contidas nos dossiês que acompanham as solicitações de registro e de autorização dos agrotóxicos.
Quando o neoextrativismo chega aos corpos e territórios: agronegócio, processos de vulnerabilização e colonialidade
Authors: Aguiar Ada Cristina Pontes , Rigotto Raquel Maria
Published: July 2021

O agronegócio, modelo produtivo hegemônico no Brasil e em diversos países do Sul Global, tem se expandido, nas últimas décadas, atrelado a numerosos impactos à saúde humana e ao ambiente. Na Chapada do Apodi (CE), as comunidades têm sido encurraladas por grandes empresas de fruticultura irrigada, algumas delas de capital transnacional, que utilizam um enorme volume de fertilizantes químicos e agrotóxicos em suas plantações, afetando não somente os(as) trabalhadores(as) dessas empresas, como também os(as) moradores(as) que vivem no entorno desses empreendimentos. A partir da apresentação dos principais estudos e pesquisas realizados no território da Chapada do Apodi sobre os impactos do agronegócio à saúde humana e ao ambiente, com ênfase para uma pesquisa que investigou as relações entre exposição aos agrotóxicos e o nascimento de crianças com más-formações congênitas e puberdade precoce na comunidade de Tomé, discute-se os processos de desterritorialização e vulnerabilização, engendrados pelo agronegócio, que são responsáveis pelos desequilíbrios no processo saúde-doença dos sujeitos locais. Por meio de um referencial teórico crítico, é construída uma reflexão sobre os contextos macroestruturais de dominação do capital, nos últimos anos representado pelo neoextrativismo, e a perpetuação de uma colonialidade do ser, do saber e do poder. O resgate dos saberes dos povos originários, como o Buen Vivir, e a busca diversa e coletiva por caminhos de emancipação traz pistas para superar essas assimetrias e injustiças, numa perspectiva decolonial.
Un nouvel ordre juridique pour régénérer la Terre
Authors: Vieira Paulo Freire , Gasparini Marina Favrim
Published: July 2021

Nesta entrevista, Valérie Cabanes – jurista atuante no campo da proteção dos direitos humanos (e da natureza) – comenta sua trajetória militante e suas conexões atuais com o movimento que visa incluir o crime de ecocídio no âmbito do Direito Internacional. Seu depoimento coloca em destaque as contradições e anomalias do modelo de agronegócio implantado no Brasil, de uma perspectiva que leva em conta a complexificação do debate sobre os limites planetários do crescimento das economias neoliberais.
Agronegócio em tempos de colapso planetário: abordagens críticas
Authors: Vieira Paulo Freire , Gasparini Marina Favrim , Cunha Lucia Helena De Oliveira
Published: July 2021

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The Language Development Process of Bilingual Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Investigation into Gender Linguistic Differences
Authors: Al-khresheh Mohammad H. , AL-Qadri Abdo Hasan
Published: July 2021

This paper is a descriptive correlational study that investigated the gender differences in the language development process among a group of 215 male and female bilingual children with autism spectrum disorder. A valid and reliable questionnaire was adopted and deployed to accomplish the study’s objective. The caregivers of these autistic children were requested to complete and submit the questionnaire. Data analysis was made possible with the help of different statistical software tools. The study concluded that gender did significantly impact the participants’ performance in four different linguistic domains: Listening, vocabulary, verbal grammar and sentence construction, and questions formulation. Females were found to have an upper edge over their male counterparts in these domains. Only one non-significant difference was observed in the listening comprehension domain, where both genders were found to experience the same level of difficulty. The limitations and recommendations of this study have been presented here as well.
Assessing Climate Change Vulnerabilities of Ontario's Rural Populations
Authors: Sekercioglu Fatih , Pirrie Daniel I , Zheng Yan , Azfar Aimen
Published: July 2021

Climate change causes considerable challenges for both urban and rural communities. Our study aimed at enhancing the understanding of climate change effects on rural populations. The study was promoted in Middlesex County library locations and on Middlesex County’s social media accounts; all residents of Middlesex County were eligible to participate. Through this method of convenience sampling, we successfully recruited 40 rural residents and conducted five focus group sessions. The study was conducted in Middlesex County, in southern Ontario, Canada, which provided a good representation of southern Ontario's rural communities. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data collected in focus group discussions. Focus group discussions yielded four main themes and provided valuable insights on several climate change-related topics. The four identified themes are: frequent extreme weather events, access to food and safe drinking water, protection from vector-borne diseases, and living in a rural community. Our results indicate key parameters to address the climate change issues for rural residents and lead to a series of recommendations to revamp climate change policy at local, provincial, and federal levels. Study Participants commented on the need for adaptation skills concerning the physical and mental health aspects of increased indoor activity (avoiding natural spaces/pollution). This could also be an indicator/opportunity for future health programming and funding to support new realities. Future research is needed to develop effective local solutions with collaboration among government, business sectors, and rural residents.
Actoren in het enquêterecht
Authors: Bootsma A.A. , van Dooren E.A.
Published: July 2021

Actoren in het enquêterecht

Deze bijdrage biedt een introductie op het themanummer ‘actoren in het enquêterecht’ ter gelegenheid van het vijftigjarig bestaan van de Ondernemingskamer. Het nummer bevat bijdragen over raden, de raadsheer-commissaris, onderzoekers, tijdelijke bestuurders en commissarissen, tijdelijke beheerders van aandelen en belanghebbenden. Het nummer opent met een column van de voorzitter van de Ondernemingskamer en wordt afgesloten met een praktijkbijdrage van een OK-functionaris.
De raad in de Ondernemingskamer
Authors: Hendriks M.D. , Prins S.C. , ten Have S.
Published: July 2021

De raad in de Ondernemingskamer. Deskundigheid ten dienste van recht en onderneming

De auteurs hebben de raden en twee raadsheren van de Ondernemingskamer geïnterviewd over de toegevoegde waarde van de raden en hun persoonlijke ervaringen. Hieruit volgt dat de raden van de Ondernemingskamer met hun brede ervaring in de top van het bedrijfsleven een waardevolle bijdrage aan het oordeelvormende vermogen van de Ondernemingskamer leveren.
Infodemiological Study on the Use of Face Masks during Covid-19: Comparing U.S. and Korea
Authors: Choi Jin-A , Park Sejung
Published: July 2021

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been varied responses to public health officials' recommendations about wearing face masks as a means to slow the spread of the virus. This study, by using Twitter data, aims to explore the role of digital technology in facilitating public conversations and formulating public perception regarding face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in two contrasting contexts: the U.S. and South Korea. From January 1, 2020 to April 14, 2020, a total of 22,928 users generated 27,501 tweets regarding face masks in the U.S. network, whereas 17,267 users produced 18,686 tweets in that of South Korea. The results of the semantic network analysis shed light on Americans' initial resistance to wearing masks as well as Koreans' willingness to comply. Details of the results are discussed further in the paper. With real-time data aggregation, this study gives insight into the rising controversy regarding wearing face masks during COVID-19 while providing implications for health officials designing strategic communication messages.
Sustainability of Health and Care Systems: Modelling the Nursing Employment Dynamics in an Ageing Population
Authors: Grah Barbara , Dimovski Vlado , Penger Sandra , Colnar Simon , Bogataj David
Published: July 2021

This study aims to develop an actuarial model to recognise and determine the quality of the healthcare policies, needed to ensure the sustainability of health care systems in terms of a sufficient number of skilled nurses that will cater to the demand of healthcare services from a growing number of older adults in an ageing society and due to pandemics. We have applied the actuarial-mathematical method, which resulted in the proposed multiple decrement model of nurse workforce dynamics. It enables the measurement of the quality of a given national policy system. We built the case of the selected EU economy by applying the proposed model to available statistical data and 15 interviews with nurses, analysed by content analysis. The findings emphasise a lack of nurses in the present as well as a possible lack in the future. It is up to national policies to improve this situation based on the use of the proposed multiple decrement model.
Familiarity with occupational therapy among secondary school youths planning to pursue medical studies in Poland
Authors: Bac Aneta , Kulis Aleksandra , Janus Edyta , Aleksander-Szymanowicz Paulina , Dobrowolski Wojciech , Filar-Mierzwa Katarzyna
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Poland has been a member of the European Union for 17 years; however, the societal view of occupational therapy is limited and different from that in the other countries of the European Union or the world. The aim of the study was to determine the familiarity with occupational therapy among secondary school students who are the future candidates for higher medical studies and potential members of interdisciplinary teams.
Material and methods: The study encompassed 1865 randomly selected secondary school students (1212 women and 653 men). The research was conducted with the use of a questionnaire with 18 multiple choice questions.
Results: The majority of the respondents admitted that they were familiar with terms occupational therapy and occupational therapist but the terms were unknown to 416 persons. 1414 respondents indicated that in their opinion occupational therapist can work in rehabilitation centres. The highest number of the respondents indicated children with inborn defects, such as Down syndrome (1261 persons) in the groups of people that an occupational therapist may work with.
Conclusions: The presented results indicate a relatively low level of knowledge of the respondents about occupational therapy, which reflects the overall situation of the profession in Poland.
Differentiation of the somatic structure and the level of motor potential of athletes in mixed martial arts (MMA) and Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) sections
Authors: Wąsacz Wojciech , Pociecha Mariusz
Published: July 2021

The aim of the research was to assess the differentiation of the body structure and the level of motor potential of the athletes practising different disciplines in the field of combat sports in Legion Team Sports Club in Tarnów. The athletes, aged 19-20, with training experience of 3-5 years, were compared in two groups. The first group consisted of athletes practising mixed martial arts, so called MMA, and the other group, of athletes practising Brazilian ju-jitsu, so called BJJ. 30 practitioners were examined. The basic elements of the somatic structure, i.e. body height, body weight, body fat content and BMI were measured and BMI indexes were calculated. Selected manifestations of motor potential were also measured: static balance, plain reaction time to a visual stimulus, trunk flexibility, static strength of forearms, relative strength, explosive strength of lower limbs, MAW, muscle activation speed and resistance of abdominal muscles to fatigue as anaerobic strength. In the course of the analyses it was found that: the body structure of the athletes training in different combat sports sections does not significantly differentiate them. The athletes in both (BJJ and MMA) sections displayed a similar level of the basic somatic build. The level of motor skills in the BJJ and MMA sections significantly differentiated the athletes in these sections in terms of static strength (p = 0.045), relative strength (p = 0.044) and fatigue resistance, i.e. anaerobic strength (p = 0.002). The higher level of these elements of motor skills was demonstrated by the BJJ section athletes.
Zielone ściany jako szansa dla humanizacji miast
Authors: Niedziela-Wawrzyniak Sylwia , Wawrzyniak Cezary
Published: July 2021

Rozwój cywilizacji spowodował radykalne zmiany, którym towarzyszy ingerencja człowieka w naturę, często bezkompromisowa i brutalna. Środowiska miast, rozwijanych głównie według kryteriów ekonomicznych, stały się miejscami, gdzie pogłębiła się separacja ludzi oraz natury. Rosnąca świadomość potrzeby obcowania z naturą przyczynia się do wprowadzania zmian służących człowiekowi w przestrzeni spontanicznie rozwijanych miast. Miastom, a przede wszystkim ich użytkownikom, potrzebna jest humanizacja. Na podstawie analizy literatury oraz wybranych przykładów realizacji autorzy artykułu wskazują na potencjał zastosowania „żyjących ścian” i „zielonych fasad” jako narzędzia humanizacji współczesnego miasta. W artykule przedstawiono aktualne możliwości aplikacji „żyjących ścian” oraz „zielonych fasad” w tkance miejskiej, zwracając szczególną uwagę na wykorzystanie istniejących struktur technicznych wspomagających miasto jako przestrzeni/elementów do mało- lub bezinwazyjnego sposobu zazieleniania.
Wykorzystanie zabytkowego Szybu Poniatowski w Katowicach w kształceniu architektonicznym
Authors: Świerzawski Jakub , Hangiel Paulina
Published: July 2021

Artykuł opisuje działania w procesie dydaktycznym na kierunku architektura, których temat był związany z Szybem Poniatowski w Katowicach w latach 2019–2021. To studium przypadku wykorzystania zabytku w procesie dydaktycznym. Ponadto pokazuje wybrane wnioski i pomysły osób studiujących dla wskazanego terenu. Zrozumienie oraz opisanie potencjału terenu Szybu Poniatowski było zagadnieniem poruszanym: na międzynarodowych warsztatów studenckich w semestrze letnim 2019/2020, podczas architektoniczno-urbanistycznego warsztatu dla studentów,
w semestrze letnim 2019/2020, w pracach dyplomowych magisterskich.
Zastosowanie oświetlenia liniowego w technologii LED – rodzaje kompozycji oświetlenia liniowego we wnętrzach mieszkalnych
Authors: Uherek-Bradecka Barbara
Published: July 2021

Oświetlenie w technologii LED staje się coraz popularniejsze. Jednym z najczęściej wykorzystywanych jego typów są paski lub moduły zawierające diody LED, czyli
elementy liniowe. Stwarzają one nowe możliwości kreowania oświetlenia wewnętrznego oraz umożliwiają różne sposoby jego implikacji. Artykuł dotyczy problematyki zastosowania oświetlenia liniowego w technologii LED we wnętrzach rezydencjonalnych. Przybliża problemy kompozycji tworzonych za pomocą oświetlenia liniowego zarówno w płaszczyznach pionowych, jak i poziomych. Zwraca także uwagę na rosnącą popularność tego typu rozwiązań. Porusza ponadto problem temperatury barwowej oświetlenia, a także jej oddziaływania na człowieka.
What is Person Centered Medicine: Conceptual Review with Focus on George Engel’s Perspectives
Authors: Ruiz-Moral Roger
Published: July 2021

Background: “Person centered medicine” has recently emerged as a new alternative to “patient centered medicine” with the aim of representing a different focus for clinical practice. However, it is still necessary to clarify its conceptual bases and its identifying features. Objectives: To review the conceptual bases of Person Centered Medicine and highlight its main features. Methods: A non systematic review of the literature on the person and patient centered medicine field and particularly the works that George Engel published in 1977 and 1980 in which this author proposed the biopsychosocial (BPS) model as an alternative to the biomedical one. Results: The analysis led to identify one element, a “life dimension” that differs from the biopsychosociocultural determinants that are typical of the BPS and that until now has not been well understood.  The “life dimension” takes shape in the interpretation that the person makes of a series of concrete experiences and their consequences, “problems of living”, that are liable to be considered “medical problems”. This is what leads the person to adopt the condition of being a patient (patienthood). Consequently, any medical problem is above all a problem of living or, in other words, a manifestation of a “life or existential dimension” that is inherent to the person (personhood). This perspective requires the physician to consider this dimension along with the model's other components in any clinical interaction, and it is the basis for the use of a hermeneutic or interpretative methodology that has communication and dialogue as its main tools. Conclusions: The term “person centered medicine” reflects the clinical focus that takes into account the “life dimension” of the person. Further research is needed to elucidate the meaning of this dimension as a basis to clarify both the concept of this clinical approach and its main practical elements.
Challenges and Opportunities for Person Centered Integrated Care Through the Life Course
Authors: Wilson C. Ruth , Appleyard James , Mezzich Juan E. , Abou-Saleh Mohammed , Gutkin Cal , Van Weel Chris , Epperly Ted
Published: July 2021

Objective: To examine the opportunities and challenges in achieving person centered integrated care through the life course.  Methods: Critical literature review and evidence based analysis of person-centered integrated care through the life course, combined with expert consultation. The World Health Organization’s “Global Framework on Integrated People-Centred Health Services” is used as a basis.  Results: Using the approach of the life cycle allows connection of persons’ current health status to their sociocultural, biological, and psychological context. Person centered medicine has as its central precept the relationship between the health professional and person seeking care. This principle is the link to primary health care, which is built on a lasting relationship with individuals and populations in their social context.  The patient’s medical home provides one promising model of how health services can be organized to support the full achievement of person centered integrated care. Re-orientation of the health professional education towards generalism, and the development of metrics for measurement of person centered integrated care are required. In 2016 the global crisis in refugees is a particularly prominent challenge for the delivery of person centered integrated care.  Conclusion: Universal health coverage can provide equitable access to person centered integrated care throughout the life course. Specialized expertise and skills are important for caring for persons with specific conditions at particular times in the life course. When care is well-integrated, transitions of care are smooth and the critical paradigm of person-centeredness is retained.
Summary Report of the Ninth Geneva Conference on Person Centered Medicine
Authors: Van Dulmen Sandra , Mezzich Juan
Published: July 2021

For the 9th time, the International College for Person-Centered Medicine (ICPCM) held its annual conference on Person-Centered Medicine in Geneva, Switzerland. Like previous years, the conference was formally co-sponsored by the World Health Organization, the World Medical Association, the World Organization of Family Doctors, the International Council of Nurses, the International Alliance of Patients' Organizations and thirty other global health professional and academic institutions. The organizing committee was composed of the ICPCM Board members, Ruth Wilson as program director and Islene Araujo de Carvalho, Jim Campbell and Nuria Toro Polanco from WHO. Material support  was provided by the World Medical Association, the World Health Organization, the Geneva University Hospital, and the Paul Tournier Association.
Adolescent Resilience Assessment in Person-centered Medical Care
Authors: Phillips Susan P , Swift Sonya A. , Reaps Kristen , Zelek Barbara
Published: July 2021

Background. Acquiring resilience and psychological strength is central to adolescents' development and evolution from dependent child to autonomous adult, but is rarely addressed by physicians. Nevertheless, resilience, that is, positive adaptation to stress, predicts adult health and wellness. Objectives. We examined how to assess resilience in youth in a person-centered manner of merit to participants themselves. Our aim was to identify characteristics of resilience such as self-control and optimism, and foster these strengths at the same time. Method. Fifty-nine13-16 year-old adolescents from a small Canadian city, a remote town and one northern Ontario First Nations Reserve answered the 28-item Resilience Scale for Adolescents (READ) privately. Then they were asked semi-structured questions about their responses, family and social stresses, and strengths. Medical histories provided information about childhood adversities like poverty, abuse and family disruption. Results. We found READ scores to be statistically valid, comparable across gender, but lower among on-reserve indigenous youth. Results aligned loosely with subsequent interview information. However, the real merit of the resilience scale was as a door-opener to deeper, person-centered discussions. Only via interviews did we learn that youth had often adapted positively to the adversities identified in standard social/medical histories and named these as sources of strength and resilience rather than stress. Participants welcomed engaging as individuals rather than offspring of parents, and talked at length and with insight and enthusiasm. Conclusions. The positive response to and contextual understanding gained during interviews suggests that use of the READ followed by a qualitative discussion is a valuable and feasible clinical component of adolescent-centered medical care.