bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High fidelity modelling of traffic light control with XML logic representation
Authors: Halbach Maik , Erdmann Jakob
Published: September 2022

The paper describes a novel approach to modelling traffic light control in SUMO with control logic configured in xml inputs. It shows also, that this approach allows for high fidelity replication of a real-world traffic controller by comparing original and simulated switching behavior when confronted with the same traffic situations. The approach could process from a traffic engineer with limited programming knowledge.
AMERICAN COTTON FUTURE MARKETS AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF CURRENCY WITH BIST TEXTILE LEATHER INDUSTRY
Authors: ÖNEM Hüseyin Başar
Published: September 2022

By the effect of globalization, the importance that countries attach to foreign trade is increasing, and therefore every market that contributes to foreign trade is carefully examined. One of the indispensable market for both national and international economies is the textile sector. The materials used in this sector, which has a large share in foreign trade, are also economically important factors. For example, cotton plant is one of the most important input used in production processes for the textile industry. For this reason, in this work, studies are carried out on important indices that are traded on the Turkish stock market, especially with the theme of "cotton". The aim of this study is to reveal the cointegration and causality relations of BIST Textile Leather (XTEKS) index, American Cotton Futures Markets (CTZ2) and Dollar rate using daily data between 2.1.2019-31.12.2021 with Engle Granger cointegration test and VAR Granger causality test. According to the results of the study, an Engle Granger cointegration relationship has been found between the BIST Textile Leather (XTEKS) index with the American Cotton Futures Transactions (CTZ2) and the Dollar exchange rate and it has been determined that these variables come to equilibrium and act together in the long term. According to the VAR Granger causality test related to the variables, no statistical causality relationship could be detected.
Ruh Halimizi Etkileyen Hava Durumu Parametreleri Borsa Verilerini De Etkiler Mi?
Authors: GÜNGÖR Sezen , TOMRİS KÜÇÜN Nihan
Published: September 2022

1970'li yıllarda genel kabul, yatırımcıların rasyonel davrandığı iken, yatırım kararlarının sadece rasyonel bir yaklaşımla açıklanamayacağı gerçeği 1980'lerin başında gündeme gelmeye başlamıştır. Bu kapsamda yapılan çalışmalar, bireylerin yatırım konusunda karar verme süreçlerindeki iç ve dış faktörleri incelemeye yönelik olarak çeşitlenmiştir. Psikoloji, pazarlama, sosyoloji gibi sosyal bilimlerden beslenen yatırımcı davranışlarına ilişkin görüşler, karar verme sürecinde birçok faktörün etkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu bağlamda karar verme literatüründe en fazla ağırlık verilen unsurlardan biri duygulardır. Farklı çevre koşulları ile doğrudan ilişkili olan duygular, bu şekilde yatırımcı kararlarında da etkili olduğunu göstermiştir.

Bu araştırma, hava koşullarının yatırım kararları üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çok boyutlu yatırım unsurlarına ilişkin veriler geniş bir zaman diliminde toplanmış ve farklı hava koşulları ile ilişkileri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yatırımların en önemli parametreleri olan işlem hacmi ve işlem tutarının havanın basıncı, sıcaklığı ve nemi ile ilgili olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Benzer şekilde, işlem getirilerinin de hava sıcaklığı ile ilişkili olduğu bulundu.
Compuestos antioxidantes provenientes de leguminosas como agentes quimiopreventivos en cáncer de colon
Authors: Corzo Rios Luis Jorge , Sánchez Chino Xariss Miryam , Cid Gallegos Stephanie , Jiménez Martínez Cristian
Published: September 2022

Colon cancer is a multifactorial disease whose

progression is associated with the gradual accumulation of

genetic and epigenetic mutations, besides exogenous factors

such chronic inflammation, oxidative stress or eating habits. It

has been proposed that plant-based foods like fruits, cereals,

and legumes can inhibit carcinogenesis, especially colon

carcinogenesis, due to the presence of fiber, protein, and

various secondary metabolites, which can inhibit carcinogenic

lesions in early stages, induce apoptosis, increase the activities

of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of short-chain

fatty acids in the colon. As well as modulate the metabolism

of carcinogenic compounds. In this work, a compilation of

the advantages of the consumption of legumes and some

of the compounds present in them that can prevent chronicdegenerative

diseases and specifically colon cancer was

made.
Contenido de polifenoles totales y la capacidad antioxidante en alimentos y bebidas
Authors: Gómez Sierra Tania , Sánchez Chinchillas Argelia , Navarro Monroy Anyhram
Published: September 2022

Polyphenols are biologically active

compounds with antioxidant properties present in

foods such as black tea, coffee, red wine and cocoa;

its content depends on atmospheric conditions,

cultivation, processing and storage. The objective of

this work was to determine the content of polyphenols

in foods and beverages by two colorimetric methods

and to establish a correlation with the antioxidant

capacity. The content of polyphenols was determined

by the Folin-Ciocalteu and ISO 9648-1988 methods in

foods and beverages and with this, their consumption

in the diet could be estimated. The linear correlation

between antioxidant capacity and polyphenols (Folin-

Ciocalteu method) is from very strong to strong, while

with the ISO 9648-1988 method it is from strong

to moderate. The foregoing would indicate that by

ingesting foods and beverages that have a higher

content of polyphenols, they will present a greater

antioxidant capacity, favoring the body’s antioxidant

defense.
Optimized and Validated Box–Behnken Design Combined Response Surface Methodology to Quantify Acetic Acid Content in Potassium Clavulanate Using High–Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Haque SK Manirul
Published: September 2022

A simple and robust high-performance liquid chromatography method with UV detection was developed to quantify acetic acid in potassium clavulanate. The chromatographic separation was performed on the Hypersil BDS C18 column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with optimized response surface methodology combined Box–Behnken experimental design. The mobile phase comprises of a buffer prepared by ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate (20 mM) containing 0.01% triethylamine, maintained pH between 2.8–3.2 using phosphoric acid and % acetonitrile as per Box–Behnken factorial design. The detection was performed at 235 nm with a mobile phase flow rate of 1 ml/min. The method was validated as per the ICH guidelines. The linearity of the proposed method was rectilinear within the range of 2.5–24.8 μg/ml. The value of the limit of detection (LOD) & limit of quantitation (LOQ) by the validated method was found to be 1.9 and 5.8 μg/ml, respectively. The robustness and ruggedness studies were conducted by small changes with parameters in the proposed method. The % RSD values were within the accepted limit of criteria. This developed method can quantify routine acetic acid content analysis in potassium clavulanate pharmaceutical formulations.
Property guardians: reigniting the lease/licence battle?
Authors: Taylor Dean
Published: September 2022

This article analyses recent English decisions reviving the need to consider the lease/licence dichotomy and conclusiveness of the parties’ agreement in the new context of property guardianship as an alternative to private renting. It argues that context has proved instructive in interpreting the parties’ agreement elsewhere in the case law and offers a way forward in the hard cases amid the ongoing search for doctrinal clarity and justification. A compound subjective–objective approach appreciates the underlying purpose of the parties’ relationship and justifies why no intention to grant the right of exclusive possession can be present, thereby precluding a tenancy. The article briefly considers reforms to rental accommodation previously suggested by the Law Commission and, in light of the continued need to prove the status of lessee, argues that they should be revisited in order to protect those living in temporary accommodation.
AFFECTATION DES PRATIQUES DE LA GOUVERNANCE DEMOCRATIQUE PAR LE FONCTIONNEMENT DES CHEFFERIES DU TERRITOIRE DE RUNGU EN REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
Authors: MOSABI Dieudonné BUAGUO
Published: September 2022

La réussite d’une territoriale de développement en République Démocratique du Congo pour le bien-être communautaire nécessite l’implication de toutes les institutions nationales, provinciales et locales. Pour ce, l’intégration de la gouvernance démocratique dans la gestion d’une entité territoriale  constitue le souhait non seulement des organismes internationaux d’aides au développement mais aussi de l’ensemble des communautés nationales qui de plus en plus critiquent de manière acerbe la manière dont la mauvaise gouvernance s’enracine dans gestion quotidienne des territoires. De manière générale, la gouvernance démocratique semble être une solution corrective. Cependant, des poches de résistances se font encore constatées ; notamment celles des chefferies.
Secrets of Openings of the Surahs of the Holy Quran
Authors: Akram Aliya , Ahmed Dr. Zaheer
Published: September 2022

As a speaker starts his speech indicating the purpose of the talk and appropriate to the Speaker’s mind, it has a magical effect and it opens the heart of the Listener. It makes him ready to think and think about what will be the talk about. The Beginnings of the Surahs of the Holy Quran are in very different  ways. Some Surahs start with the praise of Allah (SWT), like Surah al- Fatiha & Surah-AL- Mulk. Some start with حروف مقطعات, some interestingly alerts the reader by addressing directly   النداء eg  (يا أيها الرسول) Other opening way is by Swear (قسم) is  like (والضحى )  and sometimes by condition (الشرط) اذا السماء انفطرت. Attaining the attention of the Listener by a Question is also used in Surahs Like surah An-Naba’ (عم يتسألون). To prevent the evil acts sometimes a strict warning is also issued like ((ويل لكل همزة لمزة.  All of these Styles are related with the other verses of the Surahs, thus giving a beautiful harmony to the text of the Holy Quran.
Types of Hadith and their scope
Authors: Nawaz Ali , Ahmad Prof: Dr. Matloob
Published: September 2022

As a source of Islamic law, the word hadith does not need much introduction in scholarly circles, it has always been of fundamental importance in Islam and significant work has been done on this subject in ancient and modern times. In Islamic sciences, reference is made only to the hadith and the sanad of jurisprudence is taken from the hadith itself and the truth is that no subject of Islam is complete without knowing it. Why is there a need for classification in Hadith? Due to the multiplicity of conquests, when Islam began to spread in different tribes and remote areas, the Companions settled in different places. As a result, there was a shortage of people with knowledge of hadith. Gradually, falsehoods began to spread against the truth. People started fabricating hadiths for their own purposes and attributing it to the Holy Prophet (PBUH). In condemnation of virtue and opponents, to please the kings and careless speakers will start fabricating hadiths to add color to their speeches, So in view of these critical circumstances, the scholars of the time felt the need to compile the hadith and bring it in book form. So the scholars and the students of Hadith got ready for this task. At that time, the muhaddithin considered the service of knowledge of hadith to be better than night vigil and they spent most of their dear life for this important work. The subject separated the narrations, laid down the principles for the identification of authentic and weak ahaadeeth, which is called knowledge of hadith, without knowing these sciences no one can speak in ahaadeeth
O Óperon lac gigante: a proposta de um modelo didático tridimensional de baixo custo para o ensino da regulação gênica de procariotos na disciplina de Genética
Authors: Gonçalves Tiago Maretti , Karasawa Marines Marli Gniech
Published: September 2022

A Genética é a área da Biologia que explica a hereditariedade, e como esta é transmitida para as gerações futuras dos organismos. Essa área, também se preocupa em estudar a estrutura e função do DNA, RNA e proteínas que se relacionam com essas moléculas. Na disciplina de Genética, nos cursos de Ensino Superior, existe o tópico de Regulação Gênica de Procariotos onde o óperon lac é o exêmplo mais frequentemente utilizado. Este, dotado de um aporte teórico complexo e abstrato, pode desmotivar a aprendizagem dos alunos. Para superarmos tais dificuldades, o presente trabalho possui como objetivo facilitar o ensino e incentivar a aprendizagem na disciplina de Genética por meio da construção de um modelo didático tridimensional, utilizando materiais simples e de baixo custo. O material construído permite simular a regulação gênica do sistema óperon lac de procariotos (tais como, as bactérias Escherichia coli), no que tange ao processamento, importe e metabolismo do dissacarídeo lactose. Como resultado esperado, a metodologia proposta, visa facilitar a contextualização do tema supra-citado, além de motivar a aprendizagem dos alunos, propondo uma alternativa metodológica de baixo custo para uso em sala de aula.
Late discovery of pregnancy in an advanced age dialytic patient: case report
Authors: Araújo Patrícia Maria de , Arruda Anderson Apolinário de , Tolentino Júnior Dilceu Silveira , Assis Eliseu Miranda de
Published: September 2022

Pregnancy in dialysis women still has a low prevalence due to possible complications resulting from the evolution of chronic kidney disease. However, recent outcomes have shown an advance in the continuity of pregnancy increasing the chances of renal dialysis patients completing the gestational process. Among the care for a pregnant woman on dialysis, strict control of the urea value, monitoring of anemia, blood pressure levels, balanced nutrition, metabolic control, and electrolyte changes are the main determinants of preventing complications in this disease. Monitoring fetal growth, when pregnancy is known, is necessary. When pregnancies arise from patients undergoing renal replacement therapy, the obstacles are greater for the mother as well as for the fetus, making it essential to bring the nephrological team closer to the obstetrician and pediatrician. This report addresses the experience of a multidisciplinary team directed to a woman of advanced age and undergoing dialysis, reporting the discovery of a late pregnancy of 29 weeks and the unfolding of its evolution given the peculiarity of this morbid condition.
Ensino e memória: prática docente e o livro didático nas escolas ribeirinhas de Cametá - PA
Authors: Domingues Andrea Silva , Prestes José Alcir Wanzeler , Montysuma Marcos Fábio Freire
Published: September 2022

O Livro Didático é considerado por estes pesquisadores um instrumento de memória que participa do processo de construção identitária do aluno; partindo deste pressuposto que neste artigo científico temos como objetivo analisar pela e nas memórias de professoras, recortadas de narrativas orais, de  entrevistas semi-estruturadas; apresentar aos leitores deste texto um pouco da realidade educacional experimentada na região amazônica; do ser e trabalhar como professora, em uma escola ribeirinha na cidade de Cametá-Pará, no interior da Amazônia Tocantina. Como alguns resultados será possivel entender os usos da memória e o significado do LD na vida dessas educadoras.
Efficiency of different miniscrew positions for maxillary incisor intrusion: A comparative cone beam study
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed , AbdelAllah Mostafa Magdi Abdelmonem , Raslan Esmail Kamal Hewy , Gouda Wesameldin Rafaat Ali , Dawaba Mostafa Mohamad Mahmoud , El-Ghafar Ibrahim Saad Abd , Ali Ahmed Mahmoud Ahmed , Abdelmonem Marwa Hassan
Published: September 2022

Aim: To evaluate the treatment efficacy of two different position of mini-implant-assisted methods to intrude the maxillary incisors using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Patients and Methods: The study included 26 patients with elongated maxillary incisors and a deep bite, ranging in age from 12 to 18 years. One group received anterior mini-implants, whereas the other received posterior ones at random. The AMG used elastic chains to apply about 40 g of force per side, while the PMG used beta-titanium wires. This investigation used CBCT scans that were performed before and after an intrusion that lasted 18 weeks. Result: Significant changes in the labial inclination of all incisors, which were greater in PMG than AMG. Conclusion: Both mechanics result in increased labial tilting, but posterior mini-implants assisted maxillary incisor intrusion is greater, so it is preferred when the patient's incisors is upright position.
Epidemiological studies on screwworm infestation in sheep flocks in Sulaimani province
Authors: Qadr Yassen Ismael , Mustafa Bahzad Hama Salih
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted in different region in Sulaimani province, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, from August 2021 to April 2022. Isolated randomly, 527 (3.4%) out of 15360 sheep examined had myiasis, identified three genus and sex species of flies in all locations based on morphological characteristics. Chrysomya Bezziana is found in all regions instead of Qardagh and Sharbazher, Lucilia Sericata, Calliphora Vomitoria, and Calliphora vicina were found in all regions. The prevalence rate of myiasis was found in Dukan region at 5.5% (95/1715) and the lowest rate was revealed in the Garmiyan region 2.6% (81/3160). During the seasonal distribution, the highest rate of myiasis was found in Spring (4.8%), followed by (3.8%) in the Summer and (3.4%) in the Autumn, while shows the lowest distribution in Winter (0.8%). In this study, to accurately detect flies, fresh meat was placed in several areas, observed the heavy flies landing spring season.
Spectrum of histomorphological pattern of endometrium in different age groups in abnormal uterine bleeding in a tertiary care centre of western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Sharma Purva , Vedi Apurva , Kumar Naveen , Giri Sumit , Sharma Dushyant
Published: September 2022

Objectives:- The aim of the study was to find out the histomorphological pattern of endometrium in different age groups presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods :- This is a hospital based cross - sectional study which was performed on 569 cases (120 endometrial currettings and 449 hysterectomy specimens) received in department of pathology NCR Institute of Medical Sciences, Meerut during a period of two years (1st august 2020 to 31st july 2022). Specimens were fixed in 10% formol saline, routine processing was done and sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E stain). Results were expressed as percentages and p value was calculated. Results:- The age range of these patients was from 25-75 years with mean age of 43 years. Majority of patients were in the perimenopausal age group.The most common pattern in reproductive age group was secretory phase (51.28%) whereas in perimenopausal females it was proliferative phase (68.04%) and in post menopausal females it was atrophic phase (84.85%). Precancerous lesions such as endometrial polyp and endometrial hyperplasia was dominant in perimenopausal age group. Conclusions:- Abnormal Uterine Bleeding is a common cause of morbidity amongst woman of all age groups.
cross sectional study on self medication practice of analgesics among nursing students
Authors: Sareetha A V , Sahana M , Veena D R , Jagadish S , Shanmukananda P
Published: September 2022

Background: Self medication with analgesics is prevalent worldwide among medical students due to easy availability as over the counter drugs. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on nursing students of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Medical College, Bengaluru. A Pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect relevant information on self medication of analgesics. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 90 students participated in the study. Practice of self-medication was reported by 87.3% nursing students. The most common condition for self-medication was headache (42.86%), followed by dysmenorrhoea (32.38%). Non seriousness of illness (69.4%) was the major reason followed by prior experience (62.6%) for seeking self medication. Most common source of drug information was previous prescription of a physician (61.2%) followed by pharmacist’s advice (46.7%). Among these students, 34.4% were unaware about adverse drug reactions and 51.1% were unaware about drug interactions. Conclusion: The present study indicates that self-medication is widely practiced among nursing students. Consumption of over the counter analgesics can mask the actual diagnosis of the underlying disease. It is also necessary to create awareness among the nursing students regarding the dangers of self medication.
Intensive phototherapy as the initial management of severe hyperbilirubinemia in neonates
Authors: Dinatha Rizaldo Bagoes , Utomo Martono Tri , Setyoboedi Bagus
Published: September 2022

Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common clinical phenomena found in newborns, which is about 60% of term infants and 80% of preterm infants in the first week of life. Severe hyperbilirubinemia can cause encephalopathy and permanent neurodevelopmental damage with an incidence that varies between 4% - 60.3% and mortality rate of 13% to 56.8% worldwide. Phototherapy and exchange transfusion are therapeutic modalities for infants with severe hyperbilirubinemia. Intensive phototherapy has fewer side effects and can reduce the need for exchange transfusion. This treatment is rarely needed if intensive phototherapy is effective, current guidelines for the management of hyperbilirubinemia focus on the use of intensive phototherapy as initial treatment. This literature review aims to discuss intensive phototherapy as the initial management of severe hyperbilirubinemia in neonates.
Neuromarketing: La neuropublicidad (las nuevas herramientas del mercadeo)
Authors: Flores Tamayo Hilton Aníbal
Published: September 2022

El artículo es una valoración de la evolución del mercadeo y la publicidad hasta el uso de técnicas tomadas del estudio de las neurociencias. La simple apreciación de la racionalidad como indicador del comportamiento lógico de compra de un consumidor está lejos de la realidad de su conducta. Las neurociencias están avanzando en descifrar cómo las emociones inciden en las actuaciones de los individuos y en qué medida lo racional se enfrenta con la irracionalidad al momento de realizar una compra. Con esto se busca mejorar las técnicas y medios para que el mensaje publicitario sea más efectivo, desarrollando estrategias, que combinan el uso de tácticas tradicionales, valoradas con los estudios neuronales del comportamiento en determinadas situaciones de compra de los consumidores.
La canonización de Mons. Romero
Authors: Gutiérrez Julio Rafael
Published: September 2022

La canonización de Mons. Romero significa tres cosas muy importantes, que es necesario verlas en su complementariedad para que muestren toda su fuerza: una, que él tenía razón; dos, que sus enemigos estaban equivocados; y tres, todos tenemos algo que hacer al respecto.
La gestión en innovación y las exportaciones de la industria metalmecánica en Ecuador: una propuesta de mejora de valor agregado
Authors: Freire Morán Fabricio
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo de investigación determinó la incidencia que tiene la gestión en innovación que se realiza en las industrias metalmecánicas de la Provincia del Guayas en las exportaciones del Ecuador hacia la Comunidad Andina de Naciones. El alcance de esta investigación es exploratorio, descriptivo y correlacional, su metodología es explicativa, el diseño es no experimental y transversal y su enfoque es cuantitativo. Los resultados señalan que un 53.8% de las industrias si implementan políticas de innovación que se materializan en productos nuevos y mejorados, también en un 46.15% de las industrias si se incorporan procesos novedosos a la producción de manera eficiente, entre otros. Con un Rho de Spearman de 0.412 y un p valor de 0.161 > nivel de significación de 0.05 y, de manera similar con el coeficiente de correlación Taub de Kendall de 0.386 y un p valor de 0.157 > nivel significación de 0.05, se comprobó que no existe evidencia estadística suficiente para afirmar que la gestión en innovación que realizan las industrias metalmecánicas de la Provincia del Guayas se correlacione de manera significativa con las exportaciones del Ecuador hacia la Comunidad Andina de Naciones.
República Federal de Centroamérica
Authors: Gutiérrez Julio
Published: September 2022

La República Federal de Centroamérica, No. 35, julio-diciembre 2019
Roles of free radicals in reproduction and immune modulations in goats: A review
Authors: Somenath Ghosh
Published: September 2022

In the body physiology, gonads (i.e. testes and ovaries) and lymphoid organs are most important tissues in terms of metabolism and dynamicity as functional activities of lymphoid organ and gonad are multistep and energy consuming processes they are always performing a number of biochemical reactions. As a causative effect of the same generation of free radicals are quite obvious. Thus, enormous production of free radicals can limit the proper functional management of lymphoid organ and gonad. We noted significantly high levels of SOD, Catalase, GPx activities and ABTS levels in lymphoid organs and gonads of goats during monsoon and significantly low during winter particularly in lymphoid organs. However, all the parameters were significantly high in gonads during winter only. Malonaldihyde; MDA a marker for lipid peroxidation presented a reverse pattern of activity level than SOD being significantly high during summer but the level was significantly low during monsoon and winter. The glucocorticoid receptor expression was significantly high in spleen and thymus of males during monsoon but the level was significantly high only during monsoon in lymphoid organs of males. All the free radical parameters cumulatively suggest that, monsoon and winter are the seasons of stress for both the sexes of goats as suggested by elevated level of glucocorticoid receptor and thus to counteract the elevated stress level melatonin acted as a “coupler” which not only increased the free radical scavenging enzymes but also scavenged free radicals as an amphipatic free molecules particularly during winter. Winter is the most challenging season for female goats due to “cold stress” as well as “gestational stress” along with energy demanding mega two major events i.e. Maintenance of immunity and gestation is occurring simultaneously.
STRUCTURE OF TEXTILE AND GARMENT INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Haider Mohammed Ziaul
Published: September 2022

This study discovers a clear separation between the domestic and export sectors of the Bangladesh textile and garment industry within the industry structure. The existence of such a dual structure is notable. Both of the domestic and export sectors consist of almost similar networks and stages, but they differ from each other in raw material usage, product types, product quality, manufacturing technology, manufacturers, marketers, and target customers. The domestic sector structure is less visible, unorganized, and mostly informal. But, the export sector structure is formal and organized. The export sector is more vulnerable to external threats compared to the domestic sector. The dependency on tailoring system, mass use of traditional garments, use of local ingredients, and manufacturing lower quality cheap garment products characterizes the domestic sector structure of the industry. The domestic sector has to depend partly on foreign raw materials and intermediate goods, but local enterprises perform almost all the tasks of the production and marketing networks. In contrast, the export sector is totally dependent on foreign raw materials. The foreign enterprises also control the marketing of the export sector’s products. Moreover, the export sector mostly depends on foreign parties for the tasks of intermediate good and export networks. However, the manufacturing network related tasks of the sector are accomplished by the domestic firms.
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FREE CONVECTION FLOW OF FLUID OF A VERTICAL PLANE WITH VISCOSITY AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY DEPENDING ON TEMPERATURE
Authors: Ahmmed S. F. , Sultana Taslima
Published: September 2022

A two-dimensional natural convection flow of a viscous incompressible and electrically conducting fluid with both the viscosity and the thermal conductivity depending on temperature past a vertical impermeable flat plate is considered in presence of a uniform transverse magnetic field. The governing equations are reduced to non-similar boundary layer equations by introducing coordinate transformations appropriate to the cases (i) near the leading edge (ii) in the region far away from the leading edge and (iii) for the entire regime from leading edge to down stream. The governing equations for the flow in the upstream regime are investigated by perturbation method for smaller values of x, the stream-wise distributed magnetic field parameter. The equations governing the flow for large x and for all x, have been investigated by employing the implicit finite difference method with Keller box scheme. The effects of the viscosity variation parameter, e and the thermal conductivity variation parameter g, on the skin friction as well as the rate of heat transfer for the fluid for low Prandtl number are shown graphically.
ZOOPLANKTON IN A MANAGED POND IN RAJSHAHI, BANGLADESH
Authors: Roy Keya Renu , Islam A. B. M. Wohidul , Khan Md. Abdul Mannan , Rahman Md. Mujibor , Zaman M.
Published: September 2022

Twenty one genera of zooplankton were studied based on one year investigation of which 3 genera belonged to Cladocera (19.22%), 5 to Copepoda (36.13%) 12 to Rotifera (44.59%) and 1 to Ostracoda (0.06%).
UNDERSTANDING MEANING EFFECTIVELY: PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE READING SKILL
Authors: Rahman Md. Hamidur , Mamun Sk Abdullah al
Published: September 2022

Over the last quarter of the twentieth century, communicative approach to teaching and learning English has developed significantly and, at present, it is used worldwide in teaching and learning English, especially, in EFL and ESL situations. This approach is also recommended by NCTB (National Curriculum and Textbook Board) in Bangladesh. Instead of grammar-based approach, practice-based learning is considered important in recent theoretical approaches. This practice covers training of all four basic skills– listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Success of the teaching of English through communicative approach which mainly serves the purpose of communicative competence depends entirely on the practice of these skills. Among the major skills, reading as a receptive skill has a significant role as far as teaching of English in Bangladesh is concerned. Reading approaches and reading pedagogy, being important areas of EFL and ESL, have been subjected to change– change in attitude, outlet, and, overall teaching method– coping with the latest experiment in this field. So, it is time for us to meditate over reading in order to make it effective and classroom friendly. The present study has tried to evaluate reading as a means of exploiting meaning of a text, and at the same time, it intends to deal with current pedagogy of the reading skill. To make reading effective some indispensable requirements closely related to this study are also discussed in a small canvas. Finally, approaches to reading are intensely addressed.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MUD CRAB (SCYLLA OLIVACEA) PRODUCTION IN THE SUNDARBANS AND IN TRADITIONAL SHRIMP GHERS OF BAGERHAT DISTRICT, BANGLADESH
Authors: Kamal Dipak , Khatun Momotaz , Khatun Mst. Muslima , Islam Md. Kamrul , Uddin Md. Forhad
Published: September 2022

The comparative study of mud crab (Scylla olivacea) production between Sundarbans Mangrove Ecosystem and traditional shrimp ghers was conducted in three major landing centers namely Gona, Digraj and Vaga in Bagerhat region at monthly interval from January to December 2002. The maximum production of 1247.15 MT was estimated from Sundarbans mangrove swamp areas while 1016.30 MT from traditional shrimp ghers. The production of mud crab from the Sundarbans ecosystem was 10.20% higher and significant at 5% level than the traditional shrimp ghers of Bagerhat region in 2002. There were no significant differences in production at different landing centers, months and seasons. But the production of different grade sizes from the Sundarbans and traditional shrimp ghers in the region showed significant variation (P<0.05). The production from the Sundarbans was found to be consistent round the year, whereas it was seasonal (May to November) for the traditional shrimp ghers. Fishing closure for mud crab inside the Sundarbans should be enforced effectively in order to maintain the supply of mud crab seed for its production from the shrimp ponds throughout the coastal region of Bangladesh.
IMPACT OF SHRIMP PROCESSING INDUSTRIES ON THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF RUPSHA UPAZILA, KHULNA, BANGLADESH
Authors: Ahsan Samiul , Salam Md. Tareq Bin , Billah Shaikh Motasim
Published: September 2022

A Comparative study was carried out in different shrimp processing industries at Rupsha Upazila under Khulna district during 2010. In the experiment, some soils which are collected from nearby fields of the industries and the agricultural field that approximately 100 meters away from the industries were determined to sketch out the nutrient dynamics of the experimental area. The nutrient contents of water were analyzed for measuring pH, EC, Salt percentage and some major ionic concentrations. The pH was more than 8.0 in the polluted soil which reflected alkaline in nature. The EC values was also higher (7.7 dSm-1) in polluted soil than in controlled soil (5.54 dSm-1). Other values of major ionic concentrations were differing from controlled soils to polluted soils except Ca, Mg. Among the five industries, Lockpur fish processing industry showed the most effectively increased the values and concentrations of different chemical parameters. High sodium (alkali) content with medium salinity hazard is the major problem in the investigated area. So, appropriate sustainable management technologies need to be incorporated to control pH and salinity hazard.
ASSESSMENT OF IRRIGATION WATER QUALITY AS DETERIORATED BY EFFLUENT DISCHARGED FROM MAJOR SHRIMP PROCESSING INDUSTRIES OF RUPSHA UPAZILA, KHULNA, BANGLADESH
Authors: Salam Md. Tareq Bin , Billah Shaikh Motasim
Published: September 2022

A Comparative study was carried out in different shrimp processing industries at Rupsha Upazila under Khulna district from January 2010 to December 2010. In the experiment, some water quality parameters were determined to sketch out the nutrient dynamics of the experimental area. The nutrient contents of water were analyzed for measuring temperature, pH, EC, salinity, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), hardness and some major ionic concentrations. The temperature of the water samples were ranged from 29.1°C to 29.3 °C and the pH varied from 8.0 to 8.12 which reflected neutral to alkaline in nature. The values of SAR, SSP and hardness were ranged from 4.28 to 8.65, 71.24 to 81.847 percent and 239.1 to 312.3 mg L-1, respectively. Among the five industries the hazardous classes of the four industries reflected High sodium (alkali) content with medium salinity hazard. So, from the result, it may be concluded that appropriate sustainable management technologies need to be incorporated to control pH, hardness and salinity of that water.
PATIENT’S SATISFACTION: A CASE STUDY ON PATIENTS OF KHULNA MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Rana Sohel , Jabbar Md. Abdul , Shohel Tunvir Ahamed , Hossain Md. Tanvir
Published: September 2022

One hundred and twenty patients treated consecutively for three days in-house in Khulna Medical College Hospital were surveyed randomly to determine their satisfaction on existing health services. The patients were mostly middle aged male and were referred by the professional health consultants to treat either acute or chronic diseases. The economically affluent people accessed all the services (p<.000), including better place for treatment (p<.000), that eventually cruised up their satisfaction on available health and supportive services. Therefore, the findings indicate that the patients from financially well-off households were more satisfied on existing health care facilities in the public hospital than the low-income people.
EFFECT OF SALINITY-HEAVY METAL INTERACTIONS AS EVALUATED BY SOIL EXTRACTION AND PLANT ANALYSIS
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Zaber , Islam Md. Sanaul , Shahriar Md. Bappy , Kibria Khandoker Qudrata , Rahman Md. Anisur , Jabbar Md. Abdul
Published: September 2022

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of salinity on growth and heavy metal uptake by maize (Zea mays) plant. The results of the study show that NaCl and NaCl+CaCl2 treatments decreased the growth of maize plant (plant height, shoot weight and root weight) significantly. The proportion of viable roots and root fresh weight declined with time. In contrast, salinity treatments enhanced root length. NaCl and NaCl+CaCl2 treatments increased the accumulation of Cd, Zn and Cu in maize plant considerably both in shoot and root.
PERFORMANCE OF HIGH YIELDING RICE VARIETIES OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Dash Prosanta Kumar , Das Shimul , Das Biswajit , Mannan Md. Abdul
Published: September 2022

The performance of BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan47, BRRI dhan50 and one exotic rice variety Koshihikari (Japanese) was observed in boro season from November, 2011 to May, 2012. The varieties were evaluated on growth, yield and yield contributing characteristics of rice. In the early stages of growth viz. 60 DAS, 70 DAS and 90 DAS Koshihikari variety had the maximum plant height. BRRI dhan47 was the tallest (93.20 cm) and Koshihikari was the shortest plant (78.32 cm) at the time of harvest. In the early stage (60 DAS) the tiller number hill-1 was maximum for the BRRI dhan28 (12.48) and in the time of harvesting Koshihikari had the maximum tiller number hill-1(16.08). Koshihikari was the earliest variety compare to the other varieties because it took the minimum time for booting (73.8 DAS), flowering (85.8 DAS), grain maturity (113.2 DAS) and harvesting (124 DAS). The effective tiller number per hill-1 was significantly higher for the Koshihikari variety (16.08) from the other three high yielding varieties of Bangladesh. The longest panicle length had been observed in BRRI dhan47 (22.62 cm) and shortest was found in Koshihikari (14.91 cm). The number of spikelet and grain panicle-1 was highest for the BRRI dhan50 (136.12 and 119.34 respectively) and minimum for Koshihikari (66.42 and 59.57 respectively). BRRI dhan47 had the maximum 1000-grain weight (22.23 g) and BRRI dhan50 had the minimum (17.32 g). The maximum yield was found in BRRI dhan47 (7.61 t ha-1) and the lowest yield was observed in Koshihikari (5.60 t ha-1). The straw yield and biological yield was highest for the BRRI dhan50 and lowest for Koshihikari. The harvest index was found maximum in Koshihikari (59.67 %) and minimum in BRRI dhan50 (52.57 %).
EVALUATION OF ADVANCED TOMATO MUTANTS BASED ON GROWTH, YIELD ATTRIBUTES AND YIELD
Authors: Dash Prosanta Kumar , Das Shimul , Mannan Md. Abdul , Saha Basudev , Rabbani Md. Golam
Published: September 2022

Field experiment was conducted during November 2009 to March 2010, to investigate growth and yield attributes of advanced tomato mutants (TM-110 and TM-219) along with three cultivars (BARI tomato-3, BARI tomato-14 and BINA tomato-5) following randomized complete block design with three replications. There were significant genotypic differences in respect of morpho-physiological characters (plant height, branch and leaf area, total dry mass, absolute growth rate and relative growth rate), biochemical parameter (nitrate reductase), reproductive characters (number of effective and non-effective flower cluster, number of flowers and reproductive efficiency), phenological characters (days to flowering start, days to first harvest and harvesting duration), yield attributes and fruit yield. In general high yielding genotypes showed superior performance in plant height, branch number, leaf area, total dry mass production, absolute growth rate, nitrate reductase activity and fruit size compared to low yielding ones. Relative growth rate,chlorophyll, photosynthesis, reproductive characters and fruit number had no relationship with fruit yield in tomato. The variety BARI tomato-14 showed the highest fruit yield (77.7 t ha-1) due to its superiority in respect of morpho-physiological, biochemical and larger fruit sizes. In contrast, the mutant TM-110 and the variety BINA tomato-5 produced the lower fruit yield (average 51.2 t ha -1) due to poor performance in growth characters and smaller size of fruits. However, TM-110 matured 4-15 days earlier than the other mutant/varieties. Further, harvesting duration was higher in high yielding genotypes than low yielding ones. The highest harvesting duration was recorded in BARI tomato-14 (28 days) followed by BARI tomato-3 (26 days). This information may be implicated in future plant breeding programme.
Project Planning and Profitability of Biogas Generating Plants in Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Kampar Campus, Abdullah Tash T.
Published: September 2022

To assess the impact of projects planning on profitability of the biogas generating plants in Malaysia. Project planning is at the heart of the project life cycle, and tells everyone involved where you’re going and how you’re going to get there. The planning phase is when the project plans are documented, the project deliverables and requirements are defined, and the project schedule is created. It involves creating a set of plans to help guide your team through the implementation and closure phases of the project. The plans created during this phase will help you manage time, cost, quality, changes, risk, and related issues. They will also help you control staff and external suppliers to ensure that you deliver the project on time, within budget, and within schedule. It is an essential aspect for success. Briquette manufacturing is fairly new in Malaysia and most companies have an amazing concept but dismally fail at execution due to lack of planning. Production in Malaysia dates back to the 70s but it has been limited to small scale only recently are more studies being done on biogas and their use, which has a sparked a market frenzy. Globally, 52% of the world’s population are using non-renewable energy for cooking and heating. This represents a huge market share for the briquette plant globally. The projection in growth of profitability is directly attributable to unavailability of cooking fuels especially in developing countries and biogas are mostly preferred due to low emissions. The uptake of biogas in Asia has however been low due to lack of awareness by consumers of clear advantages of the product. This study aimed at determining the role of project planning in influencing Profitability of the biogas plant in Malaysia. The study was a literature based in which a desk top review was conducted to derive themes. The study found a positive and significant relationship between financial resource planning and Profitability. The results also indicated that human capital planning and Profitability were positively and significantly related, material requirement planning and Profitability were positively and insignificantly related. The study concluded that the aspects of project planning adopted in this study: financial resource planning, human that capital planning and time management planning positively and significantly influences profitability volume in biogas plant, except for material requirements planning which was found to positively but insignificantly influences Profitability. The study recommended that the management of plant should strive to implement project planning strategies such as financial resource planning, human capital planning, time management planning and material requirements planning because they have been found to influence Profitability. Keywords: Project, Planning, Profitability, Biogas generating plants, Malaysia, Human capital.
Pacific Peoples in Tertiary Education in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Bentley-Gray Daisy
Published: September 2022

Even though Pacific peoples in tertiary education in Aotearoa New Zealand strive to achieve milestones which bring honour and prestige to their families and communities in New Zealand and the Pacific, socio-economic factors still hinder many from achieving their set goals. This article begins by relating the author’s own narrative as a Sāmoan living in the Pacific diaspora and working in tertiary education in Auckland. It then outlines the diverse aspirations of Pacific peoples living in New Zealand, with a focus on the educational hopes of recent migrants as well as New Zealand-born members of Pacific communities. These aspirations are presented with reference to the existing literature on Pacific success within tertiary education in Aotearoa New Zealand. We discuss how education providers support Pacific students, and the ways in which institutions are working to improve Pacific educational outcomes. It is argued that even if the New Zealand Tertiary Education Strategy (TES), the Action Plan for Pacific Education 2020- 2030 (APPE), and Unitec's Pacific Success Strategy 2019- 2022 are aligned in their goals, more effort is needed to ensure that these initiatives are implemented effectively through multi-disciplinary and value-based approaches. This article adds value by providing an insider’s perspective of migration and a first-hand account of the challenges facing students in higher education in Aotearoa New Zealand. Moreover, the analysis contributes to the repertoire of academic studies and publications that help to understand and improve the Pacific experience in tertiary education in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Gender and Equity in Post-Haiyan Disaster Resettlement Communities in the Philippines: Reflections from Fieldwork in Leyte
Authors: Bonifacio Glenda Tibe
Published: September 2022

Disasters impact genders differently but the most vulnerable are women, girls, and gender diverse individuals. Vulnerabilities continue post-disaster in resettlement communities and the issue of equity remains paramount for affected individuals, families, and households. I reflected on my field notes while conducting a summer field course in 2015 in Leyte and research in 2017-2018 post-Haiyan, the strongest typhoon to hit landfall in the Philippines and perhaps in the world in 2013. I focused on urban resettlement communities, gender and community life, and equity in post-disaster habitats.