bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Photocurrent Performance based on Titanium Dioxide Photoanode Thickness
Authors: Muhammad Quisar Lokman  , Suraya Shaban  , Suhaidi Shafie  , Fauzan Ahmad  , Hafizal Yahaya  , Ahmad Mukifza Harun  , Mohd Azizi Abdul Rahman
Published: December 2023

The thickness of the photoanode film in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) is a crucial parameter for optimum power conversion efficiency. The thick film can provide a high generation rate of a free electron, and at the same time, the charge recombination of electrons also increases. Therefore, there is competition between electron generation and charge recombination, which can cause the decreased performance of the DSSC. Meanwhile, the thinner film can reduce the charge recombination, but the dye loading on titanium dioxide (TiO2) will be low, which also can downgrade the DSSC performance. Therefore, optimised thickness from the current-voltage characteristic to understand the effect of thickness on efficiency and photocurrent generation. The result shows that the optimum thickness is 3 layers of scotch tape with short-circuit current density and efficiency of 10.96 mA/cm2 and 3.81 %.
Protection Relay Setting based on Overcurrent Phenomena in Commercial Building
Authors: Isyraq Faizzi Mohammad  , Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani  , Afifah Shuhada Rosmi  , Baharuddin Ismail  , Muhamad Hatta Hussain  , Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud  , Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, every single distribution system needs to install an appropriate relay to keep the system safe. The operational and commonly recommended relay for distribution systems is the overcurrent (OC) relay. Throughout the distribution system, the protective relay is one of the methods that can detect and protect the location according to its observation from any fault from abnormal activity. Note that time coordination between the protective equipment relay needs to be a minimum of time interruption to prevent faults occurs. The ideal setting for all coordination protection relays is necessary to protect the device against electrical failure and interference. This paper analyzes the real results data collected for the selected commercial building of an OC relay implemented in a distribution board for high voltage and low voltage downward at a commercial building. All the parameters need to be clarified first before testing has been made and measurement is carried out using the MICROTEST 860 set. Based on the analysis, it proves that according to the IEC Standard of 0.10-time multiplier Setting (TMS) is practical to be used to obtain the operation time in seconds for the current curve set. Other than that, the results show that the normal inverse curve from manual calculation results is more accurate compared to the service setting (SS) made based on the incoming setting in a real commercial building. The case study for OC relay setting is related between current injection and time-tripping, which complies with the IEC 60255-3 standard using its formula. This method was applied to determine the characteristics of the curve. Hence, this research successfully determined the proper methods for the OC relay setting for the power distribution system. Besides, the feasibility and efficiency of OC relay data transmission are tested and checked successfully to implement the measurement method in the relay coordination study.
Crafting a Real-World Problem Project-Based Learning Based on Gantry Crane System
Authors: Fatimah Sham Ismail  , Nurul Adilla Mohd Subha  , Nurzal Effiyana Ghazali  , Zaharuddin Mohamed  , Shahdan Sudin  , Fazilah Hassan  , Norhaliza Abdul Wahab  , Herman Wahid
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the design and implementation of project-based learning for the System Modeling and Analysis course using a real-world gantry crane system problem in the first control engineering course for electrical engineering students. This project-based approach covers several topics including modeling, simulation, control and analysis. Several activities were conducted as part of the implementation of this project-based learning to achieve the intended learning outcomes of the course and the students’ expectancies values such as attainment, intrinsic, and utility values. Both individual and group assessments were performed to evaluate the abilities and knowledge, as well as to observe and provide feedback on the development of the required skills. The impact of this project-based learning implementation is evaluated by analyzing students’ feedback comments and suggestions. The findings indicate that students’ can develop their ability to solve a practical problem systematically as well as enhance their understanding and motivation towards learning. Hence, this indicates that all expectancy values considered are achieved.
Automatic Thread Insertion Kit Sewing (ATIKs) Device for Vocational Fashion Design Student: Practical Sewing Application
Authors: Siti Salwa Abu Bakar  , Wan Nurlisa Wan Ahmad  , Nur Athirah Mohd Zubir  , Tang Jing Rui  , Wan Marlina Wan Ahmad
Published: December 2023

The incorporation of technology is a consistent aspect of education, which is widely advanced through teaching and learning (T&L) in the industrial revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) education technology. In this study, an automatic thread insertion set for sewing (ATIKs) was developed. The ATIKs device improves students' understanding and facilitates the process of sewing in fashion design subjects for high school curriculum. The device was programmed using an Arduino microcontroller board and open source Arduino software (IDE). The CDIO model is used as the basis for product development, which includes the steps from conception to design, implementation, and operation. The development for this product consists of the main components standard needle size, automatic thread, Arduino UNO R3, stepper motor, coil, and Arduino coding to control the movement. In addition, this product is relatively portable with its dimensions of 7 x 7 x 10 cm. A qualitative research method was applied using a list of interview protocols validated by five professional experts in the field. Based on the open-ended questions, the experts indicated that this product facilitates the criteria of the T&L process, improves understanding of the use of the thread needle, and increases student confidence in the sewing process. In the future, this kit could be integrated into an automated control system. This research development can help develop teaching tools that further increase student safety and improve student skills and cleanliness in handling sewing tools during hands-on work.
A Framework for Blockchain and Internet of Things Integration in Improving Food Security in the Food Supply Chain
Authors: Guixia Xiao  , Normalia Samian  , Muhammad Faiz Mohd Faizal  , Muhammad Alif Zakwan Mohd As’ad  , Muhammad Firdaus Mohamad Fadzil  , Azizol Abdullah  , Winston Khoon Guah Seah  , Mastura Ishak  , Irman Hermadi
Published: December 2023

Food security, as defined by the United Nations' Committee on World Food Security, means that “all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their food preferences and dietary needs for an active and healthy life”. Food security is not just ensuring food sufficiency, but also ensuring the quality and the reliability of supply chains which have become more complex with diversified sources of farm productions. Some common issues in food supply chains are lacking efficient traceability of product origins and distributions. Blockchain is an emerging technology for the agricultural supply chain which could monitor food quality and safety by digitally tracking data and processes of material resources. Meanwhile, the Internet of Things (IoT) system is used for diagnosis and control in smart agriculture such as crop growth observation that can produce good quality and sustainable farm production. This work proposes a framework of the integration of blockchain with IoT to improve the reliability of food supply chain (FSC) by focusing on optimizing the consensus algorithm of blockchain. The expected outcome is to produce an efficient traceability and higher quality transactions which can integrate all procedures and dealings in real-time processes across the FSC.
Toward Digital School: The Level of Usage, Competency and Awareness for Digital Storage Among School Administrators Pre to the Covid-19 Era
Authors: Ummu Aiman Akim  , Mohd Shafie Rosli  , Nor Shela Saleh
Published: December 2023

In today's rapidly changing and dynamic educational ecosystem, the Malaysian Ministry of Education emphasises digital education. Nationwide focus has been dedicated to the ICT proficiency of school administrators, as they play a pivotal role in technological leadership, in order to ensure the realisation of this objective. The sample consists of 266 school administrators who completed a questionnaire used as a research instrument. This study investigated the level of digital competence among school administrators in the southern peninsula of Malaysia. In addition, the researchers analysed the degree of cloud storage awareness and cloud storage usage across the samples. It was discovered that school administrators have a moderate degree of proficiency in cloud storage usage, use cloud storage infrequently, and have a high level of awareness regarding the significance of using cloud storage for school administration. It implies that school administrators require extensive training on the use and significance of cloud storage in school administration. However, these data were taken before the Covid-19 crisis. Covid-19 may have increased technological adoption in the global education system, necessitating more study on the status of these factors.
Problematic Internet Use and Mental Health Correlates among Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Siti Khadijah Yusof Azuddin  , Nik Daliana Nik Farid  , Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki  , Zulfadli Ismail  , Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
Published: December 2023

Problematic Internet use (PIU) among children is a growing concern due to its potential negative impact on mental health and overall well-being. This systematic literature review aimed to identify the association between problematic Internet use (PIU) and mental health challenges among children in order to propose appropriate interventions. A comprehensive search of three electronic databases, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS) and PubMed, yielded 30 relevant articles published between 2013 and 2022. The findings reveal a strong association between PIU and various psychiatric disorders and environmental factors. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of most studies, causal relationships between PIU and its correlations could not be determined. Two studies examining the temporal relationship between PIU and mental health challenges indicated bidirectional associations, emphasising the importance of addressing both PIU and associated mental health issues in intervention and prevention strategies. By incorporating parental involvement, school-based interventions, psychological therapies, public health policy interventions, and multidisciplinary stakeholders, we can effectively promote responsible Internet use, mitigate risk factors, and foster a supportive environment for children. In conclusion, this systematic review underscores the significant association between PIU and mental health problems among children. The findings emphasise the importance of adopting comprehensive approaches considering individual and environmental factors to address PIU effectively.
Turbo-Roundabouts as a Tool for Enhancing Urban Efficiency and Safety: A Case Study
Authors: Fares Tarhuni  , Rupesh Mahat  , Ahmed Eltwati  , Mohammed Eldofani  , Abdulsalam Albarki
Published: December 2023

Traffic jams occur when a volume of traffic influx produces a demand for space more significant than the road allows. Numerical field data addressing vehicle counts and statistical computer simulations are vital tools in determining a road’s serviceability and traffic level. Both have been utilized in this study. The primary objectives of this study are to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the traffic flow, measure the Level of Service (LOS), travel time, degree of saturation, delay time, and articulate a strategy to reduce traffic congestion at roundabouts. The study unequivocally concluded that the LOS at the eastern entrance is F level. The data on the number of vehicles that pass through the roundabout at the eastern entrance of Benghazi were recorded during the peak hours from (12:00 to 1:30) p.m. The mixed traffic stream was then converted to passenger car units (PCU) to be homogenously equivalent. The results of the systematic analysis of the gathered data indicate that the roundabout at Benghazi’s eastern entrance requires further development to alleviate the dire traffic conditions. To run an accurate simulation, the existing road layout was surveyed using surveying instrumentation, and the results were used to build a model. Acceleration and deacceleration lanes were proposed to improve the roundabout performance and reduce congestion. Then, the roundabout expansion proposal was introduced into the simulation to study its effectiveness in reducing traffic jams. The data were analyzed and tested using SIDRA software. The Level of Service at the roundabout’s lanes showed tremendous improvement as the Level of Service varied from A to B levels compared to the current LOS level of F.
Development of Teleaudiology Service in Special Education Service Centre in Malaysia: Lessons Learned
Authors: Mohd Fadzil Nor Rashid  , Nashrah Maamor  , Chong Foong Yen  , Quar Tian Kar
Published: December 2023

Teleaudiology has been implemented in several settings, including hospitals, nursing homes, community-based programmes, and educational institutions. Despite its numerous advantages, teleaudiology is still relatively new in Malaysia and is gaining popularity among audiologists. Additionally, the majority of studies have been conducted on normal-hearing individuals. Thus, as a pioneer in Malaysia, this study established teleaudiology services for students who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) at the Special Education Service Centre. The researchers examined two critical factors that contribute to the service's proper operation: internet speed and the audio-visual quality of the ICT applications employed. This study documented the details of the service's implementation, which included 25 sessions of synchronous teleaudiology with DHH school children. Additionally, this study revealed that upload and download speeds exceed prior research-recommended minimums. Meanwhile, most teleaudiology service sessions are done in high-quality audio and video, except for the Skype programme, which has a moderate visual quality. To summarise, teleaudiology services have been effectively deployed amongst institutions and have the potential to be expanded to another location in Malaysia.
A Modified Wei-Yao-Liu Conjugate Gradient Method for Unconstrained Optimization and Motion Control of Robotic Motion Manipulators
Authors: Saleh Nazzal Alsuliman  , Nur Fadhilah Ibrahim  , Nur Aidya Hanum Aizam
Published: December 2023

The WYL-type conjugate gradient (CG) iterative formulas have been widely studied by researchers because of their effective and robust algorithms as well as less memory requirements. However, recent modifications of the WYL formulas are very complicated for unconstrained optimization. Also, the performance of most of these methods are yet to be verified on real-life application problems. In this study, a new modification of Wei-Yao-Liu (WYL) CG formula was presented to compute the search direction of robotic motion control and unconstrained optimization problems (UOP). This study discussed the general convergence results of the new formula under suitable assumptions and showed that the scheme possesses the descent properties under inexact line search. Numerical results on some set of robotic motion control and UOP show that the new formula outperformed some existing formulas with the same characteristics. The new method was able to solved 100% of the test problems while WYL was able to solve about 90% and the other methods solved less than 50% of the test problems respectively.
Systematic Literature Review of Interior Design in Virtual Reality Environment
Authors: Muhammad Nur Aiman Doktah @ Mokhtar  , Ismahafezi Ismail  , Wan Mohd Amir Fazamin Wan Hamzah  , Maizan Mat Amin  , Fazida Karim  , Addy Putra Md Zulkifli
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the current paper is to review the potential interior design in virtual reality environment. Therefore, in this systematic literature review, we analyse findings on virtual reality interior design and disseminate this information as a written overview of current studies. Six papers were selected after 146 papers from Scopus databases were shortlisted and subjected to various inclusion and exclusion criteria. Virtual reality has the potential to be a tool for interior designers when it comes to design. Future research can gather more thorough data by incorporating conference articles and merging information from various databases.
Application of Weibull's Theory to Assess the Depth Effect of Malaysian Tropical Hardwoods According to Eurocode 5
Authors: Nasroien Bambang Purwanto  , Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari  , Zakiah Ahmad  , Rohana Hassan  , Lum Wei Chen  , Adnie Baharin  , Muhammad Amirul Akmal Rosli  , Aamir Khokhar
Published: December 2023

The adoption of limit state design according to Eurocode 5 (EC5) has brought about design strength optimisation in design practices worldwide. However, the implementation of EC5 may not be suitable for Malaysian tropical timber species as the design strength data in European Standard (EN) 338:2016 is based on softwood and temperate hardwood species. EC5 has a well-established 1/k value of 0.2 for softwood and temperate hardwood with characteristic densities below 700 kg/m3. The value of 0.2 is still uncertain for tropical hardwood timber and it is predicted that the 1⁄k value for characteristic density above 700kg/m3 will be different. Therefore, in this study, the application of Weibull's theory is being used to determine the 1/k value for selected species namely, Balau (Shorea spp.), Kempas (Koompassia malaccensis), Kapur (Dryobalanops spp.), Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.), Geronggang (Cratoxylon arborescens), and Light Red Meranti (Shorea spp.) with density ranges from 300 kg/m3 to 1000 kg/m3. Experimental bending data from previous researchers were analysed and verified using this theory. From the theoretical prediction, the calculated 1/k value for the selected species ranges from 0.158 to 0.204 which is close to the established value of 0.2. This study provides the actual k value as well as the true depth modification factors for tropical hardwood which important for safe and economical structural timber design.
Biometric Analysis on Smart Textile Garment in Real Life Scenario
Authors: Muhammad Muizz Mohd Nawawi  , Khairul Azami Sidek  , Amelia Wong Azman
Published: December 2023

The rapid proliferation of wearable applications and technologies capable of acquiring biomedical signals has prompted the incorporation of biomedical signals, such as the electrocardiogram (ECG), for biometric purposes in wearable platforms. Most ECG biometric research utilises medical-grade sensors in clinical settings, which is unrealistic for wearable ECG-based biometric applications in the real world. Therefore, this research aims to examine the ECG biometric on smart textile garments in real life, collected from commercially available wearable Hexoskin Proshirt and HeartIn Fit shirts. ECG data were obtained from 22 participants who took part in this study. The raw ECG signal is initially pre-processed using noise-removal Butterworth filters in the time domain, followed by an effective QRS segmented feature extraction technique. Finally, around 2076 datasets were created for training and validation, while the remaining 501 datasets were employed to test the suggested recognition approach with 29 Machine Learning Classifiers. Subsequently, Quadratic SVM has the highest accuracy at 96.8% for ECG biometrics, followed by Narrow Neural Network with 95.8% and Wide Neural Network with 95.4%. Further improvement to the QSVM parameter improved the accuracy to 97.4% with an error rate of 2.6%, followed by a sensitivity of 97.4% with a precision of 97.7% and a false rejection rate of 2.6%. Thus, the results of this study further validate the feasibility of applying ECG biometrics for recognition in real-life scenarios utilising a smart textile shirt with different configurations and brand is possible.
A Novel Approach for Human Face Extraction and Detection using SAE-AFB-RFCN Framework
Authors: Jayabharathi Ponnurathinam  , Sripriya Pradabadattan
Published: December 2023

Research into Facial Recognition Technology (FRT), which uses a person's face to identify them, has become a hot topic among scientists. Face recognition relies heavily on feature extraction and classifiers. Occlusion, illuminations, and a complicated background provide the most difficult problems for face recognition systems to overcome. With the advent of Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning techniques now it became easy to identify different features of an Image and to detect a face. In this paper, Stacked Auto Encoder (SAE), Artificial Feeding Bird (AFB), Region Based Fully Convolutional Network (RFCN), novel approach is developed for human face feature extraction and detection. Initially, the dataset is normalized using rescaling method. Then the Stacked Auto Encoder with Artificial Feeding Birds (SAE-AFB) optimization algorithm is used for facial feature extraction and Region based Fully Convolutional Networks (R-FCN) algorithm is used for detection and classification. The WIDER Face dataset is used for training and testing. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SAE-AFB-RFCN framework outperforms the existing algorithms in terms of accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score.
Identifying Political Polarization in Social Media: A Literature Review
Authors: Siti Nurulain Mohd Rum  , Raihani Mohamed  , Auzi Asfarian
Published: December 2023

Online social media platforms are frequently held responsible for the rise of fake news, which can occasionally prevent people from knowing the truth and fuels partisan political conflict. The idea of "echo chambers" and “filter-bubbles” draws attention to how social media is incredibly fragmented, individualized, and niche-focused, all of which serve to further polarize public opinion. These terms have been associated with the referendum of Brexit in the UK and the victory of Donald Trump in 2016's US presidential election. The term homophily on the other hand refers to the tendency of people to be in a circle that shares the same thought and interest, that could also contribute to political division in social media. In the positive side, high political polarization demonstrates the freedom of expression, on the other hand it can heighten political tensions and inequalities, which may have an adverse effect on a nation's stability. Determining political division and its origins via social media is therefore a crucial topic for discussion. In this research work, several articles were examined to discover the computing methods and approaches employed by the existing works for identifying political polarization in social media.
EVALUATION OF THE CASES OF CRANIORACHISCHISIS
Authors: Şeker Erdal , Koçar Mustafa , Umit Coskun , Süt Hasan , Saçıntı Koray Görkem , Aynaoğlu Yıldız Gülşah , Özkavukcu Esra , Koç Acar
Published: December 2023

Objective: Craniorachischisis is a rare and severe variant of neural tube defects (NTDs). It occurs in 0.51 of every 10,000 pregnancies. There is no reported etiology for this fetal abnormality. It frequently coexists with other anomalies and is believed to result from a genetic defect. To our knowledge, this report will be the first reported from a single institution in the literature on craniorachischisis.
Material and methods: We present six cases diagnosed with craniorachisis in our clinic in the last 13 years, whose definitive diagnosis was clarified by necroscopy.
Results: Craniorachisis is still a vital anomaly because it is a severe anomaly itself and the rate of accompanying other abnormalities is high. Fully elucidating the cause can also be a guide for other.
Conclusion: Craniorachischisis can be diagnosed in the first trimester. The vertebral column should especially be examined in patients diagnosed with exencephaly. The heart, extremities, and thoracic-abdomen should be carefully examined when craniorachischisis is diagnosed. The rate of other anomalies accompanying is high. In future research, if the cause of craniorachischisis is understood, it will provide an understanding of the cause of other accompanying this anomaly.
A Morpho-Syntactic Analysis of Gender-Fair Language in Advertisements of Cosmetic Products in Ghana
Authors: Afreh Esther Serwaah , Atta-Asamoah Obed
Published: December 2023

Gender-fair language challenges and dismantles prevailing societal gender preconceptions. Cosmetic advertisements have been criticized for unfair language choices that perpetuate gender stereotypes. This study is a morphosyntactic examination of gender-fair language in cosmetic advertisements. The social constructionist theory underpins the study. Thirty (30) product packages and labels for the Ghanaian market were used in this qualitative descriptive survey. Gendered terms were analyzed on the morphological level using Quirk et al.’s (1985) functional principle of word categorization. The data collected revealed that Gender-unfair language is prevalent in cosmetic advertisements. Product names, descriptions and claims often use gendered nouns, pronouns, adjectives, phrases of different types and imperative clauses. This reinforces the idea that certain beauty concerns and products are exclusively tailored to specific genders. Gender-unfair language in cosmetic advertisements results in a limited representation of beauty ideals and practices. The use of inclusive language and representations that challenge gender stereotypes and promote diversity was recommended for cosmetic advertisers. The paper provides insight into academic discourse and practical approaches in gender, communication and marketing studies.

Keywords: Advertisements, Cosmetics, Gender-Fair Language, Stereotype, Morphosyntactic
Risque et déviance en protection de l’enfance. Une construction normative croisée
Authors: Clariana Lionel
Published: December 2023

Dans le champ de la protection de l’enfance, la définition factuelle de la maltraitance fait globalement consensus. En revanche, déterminer le risque de danger revient à croiser deux référentiels normatifs mouvants – légal et social – et à retraduire des attendus sociétaux particuliers en autant d’indicateurs du bien-faire éducatif. Une logique avec ses enjeux propres qui définit de manière singulière le comportement éducatif déviant.
La norme, le jeu et des enfants en situation de handicap
Authors: Blin Ludovic
Published: December 2023

En utilisant une approche ethnographique, la question du genre est mise en exergue dans le cas de jeux d’enfants en situation de handicap. L’acceptation de la situation de handicap par les autres enfants permet l’acceptation du franchissement de la frontière du genre, et ce, en lien avec le jeu libre, le play.
Les travailleurs sociaux à l’épreuve de nouveaux dilemmes sécuritaires
Authors: Duveau François-Xavier
Published: December 2023

Le déploiement grandissant de dispositifs sécuritaires pose de nouveaux défis pour les travailleurs sociaux. Les difficultés rencontrées par ces derniers sont autant le symptôme de la crise que traverse leur secteur que de la montée en puissance de la notion de sécurité au sein des institutions. Pour tenter de rester fidèles à leurs valeurs, ces professionnels doivent résoudre un certain nombre de dilemmes qui se posent aujourd’hui à eux.
Éthique de la réparation de l’estime de soi après une transgression. Proposition d’une grille de travail à co-construire
Authors: Fressoz Xavier
Published: December 2023

La réparation de l’estime de soi est un objectif d’accompagnement bien connu des travailleurs sociaux. Mais comment l’atteindre vu la diversité et la complexité des parcours des usagers ? Cet article propose une grille de travail articulant divers concepts théoriques dans le but d’offrir une méthode qui prenne en compte la réalité du terrain. Très attachée à un accompagnement éthique, cette méthode nécessite à chaque étape une co-construction du processus de réparation, de manière à étayer l’usager dans sa capacité à se situer dans son environnement et dépasser ses limites interactionnelles avec celui-ci.
L’élasticité de la norme dans le travail social. Un sujet d’éthique bien visible en intermédiation locative
Authors: Fressoz Xavier
Published: December 2023

Forte de sa réputation à travers le monde, la politique du Logement d’abord continue en France à produire des résultats performants. Elle devient ainsi une norme sociale en matière de lutte contre les exclusions. En son cœur, le dispositif d’intermédiation locative (IML) œuvre pour le développement de la capacité à habiter et le maintien dans l’habitat de personnes accompagnées. Toutefois, la mise en œuvre de ce dispositif n’est pas sans difficulté. Cet article tend à mettre en exergue les promesses et fragilités éthiques du Logement d’abord en tant que norme sociale. Il montre que le défi n’est pas uniquement de s’adapter à l’intensité des vulnérabilités, mais aussi de sécuriser le dispositif lui-même en régulant son élasticité pour lui permettre de ne pas perdre sa forme et ses perspectives qualitatives et quantitatives.
Éviter le « piège de la normalisation ». Normes et logique d’individualisation dans les Groupes d’entraînement aux habiletés sociales pour jeunes autistes
Authors: Garrec Ivan , Primerano Adrien , Damamme Aurélie , Vuattoux Arthur
Published: December 2023

L’idéal d’individualisation dans l’accompagnement de jeunes autistes s’accompagne d’une mise à distance de la « normalisation ». Mais qu’en est-il concrètement ? Peut-on s’affranchir de « la norme » dans les pratiques d’accompagnement ? L’article part d’un exemple concret en « groupe d’entraînement aux habiletés sociales » pour jeunes autistes afin de faire émerger les ambivalences entre individualisation et normalisation, au regard du handicap.
On the braided Connes–Moscovici construction
Authors: Bartulović Ivan
Published: December 2023

In 1998, Connes and Moscovici defined the cyclic cohomology of Hopf algebras. In 2010, Khalkhali and Pourkia proposed a braided generalization: to any Hopf algebra

H

in a braided category

\mathcal{B}

, they associate a paracocyclic object in

\mathcal{B}

. In this paper, we explicitly compute the powers of the paracocyclic operator of this paracocyclic object. Also, we introduce twisted modular pairs in involution for

H

and derive (co)cyclic modules from them. Finally, we relate the paracocyclic object associated with

H

to that associated with an

H

-module coalgebra via a categorical version of the Connes–Moscovici trace.
Two-weight dyadic Hardy inequalities
Authors: Arcozzi Nicola , Chalmoukis Nikolaos , Levi Matteo , Mozolyako Pavel
Published: December 2023

We present various results concerning the two-weight Hardy inequality on infinite trees. Our main aim is to survey known characterizations (and proofs) for trace measures, as well as to provide some new ones. Also for some of the known characterizations we provide here new proofs. In particular, we obtain a new characterization in terms of a reverse Hölder inequality for trace measures, and one based on the well-known Muckenhoupt–Wheeden–Wolff inequality, of which we here give a new probabilistic proof. We provide a new direct proof for the so-called isocapacitary characterization and a new simple proof, based on a monotonicity argument, for the so-called mass-energy characterization. Furthermore, we introduce a conformally invariant version of the two-weight Hardy inequality, characterize the compactness of the Hardy operator, provide a list of open problems, and suggest some possible lines of future research.
Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Bars, Forgings, Rings and Stock for Forgings, Rings or Heading 29Fe - 22Cr - 21Ni - 18.5Co - 3.2Mo - 2.8W - 0.78Ta 0.30Al - 0.05La - 0.20N (HS-556) Solution Heat Treated
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: December 2023

This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant alloy in the form of bars, forgings, flash-welded rings, and stock for forging, flash-welded rings, or heading.
Recommended Practice for Partial Flow Dilution System Measurement of Particulate Matter (PM)
Authors:   Emissions Standards Committee
Published: December 2023

This recommended practice establishes test procedures and best practices for PM measurements under partial flow conditions. PFDS PM testing and certification is primarily used in heavy duty applications as described in 40 CFR Part 1065 because full flow sampling systems with a dilution tunnel and CVS can be very bulky for large heavy duty engines. 40 CFR Part 1066 also allows the use of partial flow systems for light duty applications in lieu of full flow systems. PFDS does not require the use of a CVS sampling system or a full flow dilution tunnel. This makes it easier and more convenient to perform PM measurement in smaller test cells that cannot fit a large CVS or a full flow dilution tunnel. This document describes the different components/specifications of LD and HD PFDS as well as the required quality checks necessary to ensure the integrity of the sampling system. It also addresses the many sampling options and calculations that are approved by the regulations. Correlation between partial and full flow systems will also be discussed.
A Study on Evaluation of Manganese Removal Efficiency by Oxidant types Based on Experimental Data
Authors: Park No-suk , Yoon Suk-min , Park Si-hyeong , Kim Na-yeong , Lee Da-ae , Lee Young-joo
Published: December 2023

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the treatment efficiency according to the oxidant types for dissolved manganese in the inflow of raw water into the water treatment plant in Korea.Methods : Three types of oxidant were selected: chlorine, ozone, and potassium permanganate. Experimental factors influencing manganese removal efficiency were determined as dissolved manganese concentration in raw water, dose, water temperature, pH, and contact time. In addition, total experimental schemes were designed according to the design of experiments method. According to the designed analysis method, the mentioned factors were used as multi variables on which evaluate the manganese removal efficiency.Results and Discussion : When using chlorine, the effect of pH was the greatest, followed by dose, water temperature, and contact time in order to have a significant effect on removal efficiency. In the case of using ozone, the pH effect was relatively large at low concentration of dissolved manganese, and the dose effect was found to be greater as the concentration was increased. Also, when potassium permanganate was used, the effect of pH, contact time and temperature was insignificant, while the effect of dose was the greatest for manganese removal.Conclusion : The optimum dose of chlorine is about three times to secure a removal rate of about 40 to 80%. The optimum dose of ozone was 1.0 to 1.6 mg/L, and it was found that a removal rate of at least 40% or more could be secured. Also, the optimum dose of potassium permanganate is 1.7 to 2.5 times of the dissolved manganese concentration, and it is possible to secure a removal rate of at least 60%.
Machine Learning Model for Predicting the Performance of Activated Carbon Column for the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Authors: Nurhayati Mita , Hong Bum Ui , Kang Ho Geun , Lee Sungyun
Published: December 2023

Objectives : In this study, a performance prediction model for a pilot-scale VOC adsorption column was developed using ANN algorithm. We compared the prediction accuracy of the mathematical models (Thomas model and Yan model) and the multiple linear regression model with that of ANN. This study showed the applicability of the ANN model for predicting the performance of activated carbon columns.Methods : The adsorption module contained 79.8 kg/module of wood-based activated carbon. The gas with 800 ppm-THC of toluene flowed downward from the top at about 5,700 m3/h. The breakthrough point was taken as 200 ppm-THC, the same as VOC emission regulation. The desorption was carried out using 130 m3/h of hot gas flowing upwards with reduced pressure (-150 to -200 mbar) and high heat (170℃). Adsorption and desorption cycles were conducted 6 times using 3 batches of activated carbon modules. Thomas model, Yan model, multiple linear regression model, and ANN model were developed to predict the breakthrough of Cout/Cin .Results and Discussion : The Thomas model and the Yan model provided the R2 values of 0.25 and 0.28, respectively, for predicting the Cout/Cin of all adsorption module batches and cycles, and the prediction accuracies were low. This could be because these two models do not consider temperature and pressure change operating conditions in the models. Also, the prediction accuracy of Cout/Cin was low when the initial inlet concentration and flow rate conditions were different for each batch. The multiple linear regression model considers all operating factors in the model, but the prediction accuracy of Cout/Cin was low as R2 of 0.45. On the other hand, the ANN model predicted the Cout/Cin with R2 higher than 0.97 for all adsorption module batches. In particular, even with the non-ideal data, the ANN model derived a breakthrough of Cout/Cin close to the experimental value.Conclusion : The ANN model provided high prediction performance for the breakthrough of Cout/Cin even under non-ideal operation conditions and was expected to be helpful for actual THC adsorption column operation. The accuracy of the ANN model will be further improved if data are accumulated under various conditions.
Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Cho In-Gyu , Lee Geunwoo , Lee Sang-Jin , Lee Ho-Young , Kim Seong-Joon , Park Min-Kyu , Choi Sung-Deuk
Published: December 2023

Objectives : Cigarette smoking is an important factor in human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Machine-smoking methods have been devised to evaluate inhalation exposure to mainstream cigarette smoke. However, there have been only a few studies that have employed these methods for PAH monitoring in Korea.Methods : Total particulate matter samples were collected from the mainstream smoke of five different cigarette types using the ISO 3308 standard smoking method. The samples were analyzed for 16 PAHs using a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) following extraction and clean-up procedures.Results and Discussion : The 16 PAH levels of cigarette samples ranged from 87.1 ng/cig to 247.4 ng/cig with an average of 135.4 ng/cig. The average fractions of PAHs classified by the number of rings were as follows: 15% (2 rings), 37% (3 rings), 43% (4 rings), 4% (5 rings), and 1% (6 rings). Diagnostic ratios suggested that the characteristics of PAH pollution in mainstream cigarette smoke were similar to those of biomass burning but different from those of ambient air. The carcinogenic risks of PAHs exceeded the risk threshold of the US EPA (1.0E-06) for the 10%, 30%, and 20% exposure groups of adult males, adult females, and all adults, respectively.Conclusion : This study highlights the significance of mainstream cigarette smoke in examining human inhalation exposure to PAHs and carcinogenic risks, which are primarily influenced by cigarette smoking rather than ambient air. These findings can contribute to a comprehensive assessment of inhalation exposure to PAHs and provide guidance for the development of environmental health policies aimed at reducing such exposure.
Alternative Meat as Future Food, Seeking a Sustainable Future
Authors: Park Sena , Sim Hyowon , Yu Saebom , Han Hyeji , Jung Sokhee P.
Published: December 2023

Alternative meat is a protein food produced by cultivating animal cells, processing insects, and extracting vegetable raw materials, rather than slaughtering animals, and has been suggested as an alternative to conventional meat to solve the current factory farming and animal rights problems. The global alternative meat market is expected to reach $29 billion by 2035 from $1.78 billion in 2025. Alternative meat has significantly lower water and land use and greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional meat production methods and is free from the emerging animal ethics problem. However, with the current technology, there is a limit to reproducing the taste, texture, and nutritional content of actual meat, so continuous technology development is needed. The negative perception of some consumers and the absence of alternative meat-related systems are also challenges to be solved. This paper deals with the types, characteristics, market status, and the latest technology trends of alternative meat. In addition, we aim to contribute to the development and establishment of alternative meat by looking at alternative meat from the perspective of consumption and investigating the challenges that the alternative meat industry must solve to establish itself as a future food source.
Environmental Pollution by the Fast Fashion: Current Status and Prospects
Authors: Kim Bomee , Kim Sojin , Yeom Subin , Jung Sokhee P.
Published: December 2023

Just as fast food is produced and consumed quickly, fast fashion, which mass produces and sells clothing by quickly chasing the latest trends targeting the global market, forms an axis of the clothing industry. However, in the fast fashion ecosystem, clothing is mass-produced and easily discarded, and the resulting environmental problems are becoming a social concern. Recently, consumers' environmental awareness has been increasing, and as ESG management that focuses on the environment has emerged, the clothing industry is also responding strategically to the changed environment, including eco-friendly production methods, use of eco-friendly materials, and recycling of inventory. In this way, this review analyzed the current status and problems of fast fashion and social responses to it, and suggested measures that society should pursue for an eco-friendly clothing industry in the future.
Evaluation of Water Treatment Efficiency of Full-Scale Slow Sand Filtration Process: Comparison of Summer and Winter Season
Authors: Bae Eun-Young , Lee Yujin , Lee Hyejin , Son Heejong , An Byungryul
Published: December 2023

Objectives : The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of sustainable operation in a conventional full-scale slow sand filter process.Methods : A slow sand filtration process was operated in small scale water treatment plants for valley water. The water quality such as particle matter, dissolved organic matter, the number of bacteria, and disinfection by-product (DBP) were monitored at four designated points once a week and was compared during summer (July-August) and winter season (December-January).Results and Discussion : Although the number of particle matter in summer was higher than in winter by 39% (2.91×104 /mL), particle matter in slow sand filter process was removed by 99% regardless of season (temperature). The removal efficiency of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and UV254 was higher in summer than in winter by 15% and 21%, respectively. In addition, concerning the organic fraction, higher molecular weight led to higher removal efficiency in the following sequence: BP (biopolymer, MW: 20,000 g/mol) > HS(humic substances, MW : 1,000~20,000 g/mol) > BB(building blocks, MW : 300~500 g/mol) > LMWs(low molecular weights, MW : 350 g/mol. The concentration of trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), indicator of DBP, were detected at 12.2 and 9.4 μg/L in summer and 8.1 and 6.3 μg/L in winter, respectively, which would be considered very low concentration related to the drinking water regulation of 100 μg/L. Finally, the active bacteria was removed up to 93 and 92% in summer and winter, respectively.Conclusion : The feasibility of a slow filtration process was evaluated to compare particle and dissolved matter in summer and winter operation. Despite a 39% increase in particle matter in summer, the removal efficiency was maintained at 98% in summer and winter. Due to the increased activation of biofilm in summer, the removal of DOC and UV254 was higher in summer than winter by 15 and 21%, respectively. The significant low concentration of THMs and HAAs, regardless of season, would be negligible. In addition, achieving over 92% removal of activated bacteria secured the biological safety. These stable operations ensure that slow filtration process is effective in controlling of water quality.
Adsorption Behavior of Microplastics as a Carrier of Various Contaminants and Their Ecotoxicity in Aquatic Environment
Authors: Kim Bogyeong , Kim Namyeon , Lee Eun-Hee
Published: December 2023

Objectives : Microplastics are released into the aquatic environment through multiple pathways including runoff, atmospheric sedimentation, aquaculture, and fishing and pose a hazard to organisms. Public concerns regarding microplastics are raising as microplastic pollution increases. A lot of studies have been evaluated the behavior of microplastics in the environment, suggesting that microplastics remain a prolonged period in the environment due to their persistence and can interact with other contaminants. Microplastics as carriers of coexisting contaminants may pose a more severe toxicity to organisms than microplastics alone. In this study, we investigated the behavior of microplastics as carriers of environmental contaminants and introduced a potential ecotoxicity of microplastics carrying other contaminants.Methods : The behavior of microplastics as carriers of contaminants were classified as adsorption mechanisms. Research literature regarding ecological risk of microplastics carrying contaminants was reviewed in papers published between October 2003 and August 2023.Results and Discussion : Adsorption of contaminants onto microplastics are mainly involved in hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bond, and Van der Waals forces. The co-exposure of microplastics with contaminants to organisms can induce oxidative stress and bioaccumulation and reduce the survival and reproduction rates, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic efficiency. On the other hand, a few studies reported that the co-exposure of microplastics with contaminants can decrease the toxicity to organisms.Conclusion : This paper provides basic information regarding the adsorption interactions of microplastics with diverse contaminants and their ecological effects on organisms. The contents will help to understand a potential function of microplastics as a carrier of coexisting contaminants in aquatic environment and their biological risk.
XBert - A Model for Hate Speech Detection in Vietnamese Text
Authors:   FPT University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, Le Duy Nguyen Minh , Le Huy Gia , Hoang Hai Thanh , Hoang Vu Anh
Published: December 2023

— In the digital age, social media's pervasive influence has inadvertently escalated the prevalence of hate speech and offensive comments, with alarming implications for mental health. There is increasing evidence indicating a clear correlation between two factors. exposure to such toxic online content and the onset of depression among users, particularly affecting vulnerable groups like content creators and channel owners. Addressing this critical issue, our research introduces XBert, a model for detecting hostile and provocative language in Vietnamese. We propose an approach related to data preprocessing, improved tokenization, and model fine-tuning. We have modified the architecture of the Roberta model, used the EDA technique, and added a dropout parameter to the tokenizer. Our model achieved an accuracy of 99.75% and an F1-Macro score of 98.05%. This is a promising result for a model detecting provocative and hostile language in Vietnamese.