bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Weak Institutions Prolong Crises? [#ENDSARs] in the Light of the Challenges and opportunities beyond COVID-19 Pandemic and the Next Normal in Nigeria
Authors: Raimi Morufu Olalekan , Okoyen Ebikapaye , Moses Tuebi , Raimi Aziba-anyam Gift , Omidiji Adedoyin Oluwatoyin , Abdulraheem Aishat Funmilayo , Raimi Mariam Oluwakemi , Joseph Beatrice Oka
Published: March 2021

With the close of 2020 unprecedented year, a year like no other, Nigerians is still reeling from the impacts of an emerging, rapidly and evolving COVID-19 pandemic, while the spring continue to unfolded. COVID-19 was considered a “deaths of despair” with an opioid crisis and realizing that humanity is in for a long haul with COVID-19, itself may be a game changer. If we expected COVID-19 to be short lived, we have been remarkably, if not catastrophically, disappointed. As many people were already feeling significantly stressed, and where depression was increasing risks of overdoses and suicide. From time immemorial, humankind have suffered the psychological effects of various catastrophes, such as wars, floods, famines, wildfires, earthquakes, windstorms and last but certainly not least, the possibility of outbreaks of potentially deadly infectious diseases. Hence, these zoonosis diseases, result from pathogens being transmitted from animals to humans. To protect ourselves from zoonoses, there is need for new measures and precautions, for instance ending and preventing deforestation as well as protecting conservation areas and endangered species against such danger. Of course, we are certainly no exception today as people try to figure out how to cope and help others cope with the grief, stress, and anxiety caused by the greatest health challenge of our time: the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. With more than 1,129 Nigerian having lost their lives as of October 24, 2020 and more than 61,882 thousand infected since COVID-19 first gripped our nation, although reports suggest that the incidence of COVID-19 has begun to drop, the pandemic has taken a profound psychological and emotional toll on us all. However, social and behavioral scientists have identified some strategies to help us face our fears, as well as even rise to the challenge of supporting others during this fraught time. While awaiting the unprecedented investment in the development of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and the simultaneous scale up of vaccine manufacturing which has been taking place, including unprecedented collaboration and resources to develop safe and effective vaccines for COVID-19 that can be manufactured and delivered in the scale of billions of doses to people around the globe. Continuing in this unprecedented commitment towards collaboration as well as transparency is essential towards ensuring that effective and reliable access to information will continue to inform policy decisions at all levels to support the development of national roadmaps to accelerate as well as sustain progress towards public health interventions and building trust in communities that will benefit from a safe and effective vaccine as well as making sure we get it to them as quick as possible.
The Tale of Two 1001-Night Cities An Actor-Network View on the Role of Social Structures and the Motives and Intentions of Agents in Spatial Development of the Medieval Bagdad and Isfahan
Authors: Salek Arash
Published: March 2021

This contribution analyses the urban identity and historical patterns of spatial development in ancient Baghdad and Isfahan, according to Actor Network Theory (ANT) and Actor-Relational Approach (ARA). In the case of two different historical urban hubs (Baghdad and Isfahan).This article demonstrates how in the course of history, those interactions between various path-dependent networks have produced various, but specific types of urbanity in this region. It aims to show how ANT could clarify the embeddedness of dynamic actor-networks within the Middle Eastern urban spaces. This contribution argues that the institutional settings, customs, and use might even be more crucial for the issue of local identity, precisely because in effect they influence and shape urban living, institutions, form and infrastructures through time.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Working Mothers: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Hermann Mary A. , Neale-McFall Cheryl , Man Jiale
Published: March 2021

In this phenomenological study, we explored the experiences of 13 working mothers in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to this crisis, mothers in the workforce encountered barriers to their success. Study findings reflect that these challenges have been exacerbated during the pandemic as women experienced increased childcare and other second shift responsibilities. Results highlight participants’ strategies for navigating pandemic-related disruptions. Participants’ experiences further amplify the need for revision of women’s second shift expectations as well as better support for mothers in the workforce.
Evolución de la red de comercio mundial en valor agregado
Authors: Fujii-Gambero Gerardo , García-Ramos Manuel , Gómez Tovar Rosa
Published: March 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo es mostrar la configuración de la red mundial de exportaciones; es decir, la importancia de los países en el conjunto de la red de comercio para la producción de exportaciones. Dicha red se ha hecho más densa en virtud de la fragmentación internacional de la producción. Esta configuración se muestra para las exportaciones totales y las manufactureras, según su nivel tecnológico y las que procesan recursos naturales. Los cambios más destacados que tuvieron lugar en la composición del núcleo de la red en el periodo de estudio son el ascenso de China a las primeras posiciones, la creciente importancia de Corea y la pérdida de importancia de Japón, Francia, Gran Bretaña e Italia.
Development strategies, specialization pattern and growth in Latin America
Authors: Clavijo Pedro , Melo Jimmy
Published: March 2021

This document determines the severity of the specialization pattern constraint on economic growth in Latin America for the period 1950-2016. For this purpose, Thirlwall’s Law is estimated with the help of cointegration with structural break and time-varying parameter techniques. The results compel the conclusion that the specialization pattern has constrained economic growth in Latin America for the whole period, but the constraint has tightened severely during economic liberalization. Since results suggest that Latin America is stuck in a trap of falling-behind growth due to the specialization pattern, Thirlwall’s Paradox is explored in a model that incorporates changes in productivity and reallocation of labor to analyze the conditions that allow investment to increase growth
Evaluando el rol financiero del tipo de cambio
Authors: Nalin Lorenzo , Toshiro Yajima Giuliano
Published: March 2021

Nuestro aporte apunta a repensar el papel del tipo de cambio como herramienta para impulsar la inversión y el cambio estructural, mediante la construcción de un modelo macro analítico basado en Frenkel y Ros (2006), Ros (2015), Dvoskin y Feldman (2018). Consideramos, en particular, el costo financiero de la depreciación, que se genera por los desequilibrios en la posición del tipo de cambio en el balance de las empresas. El desequilibrio, como muestran hechos estilizados para México, se debe al exceso de bienes de capital importados y a la emisión de deuda en moneda extranjera. Los resultados del modelo muestran que las políticas cambiarias funcionan para promover la acumulación de capital y el cambio estructural, ...
Medición del espacio fiscal en México
Authors: Villarreal Héctor Juan , Villa Sunny A.
Published: March 2021

La existencia de recursos públicos es esencial para la implementación de cualquier política pública. Cada gestión tiene el reto de encontrar el financiamiento para cumplir con la operación del gobierno y llevar a cabo los planes para el desarrollo delos países. Esta investigación contribuye al debate sobre el espacio fiscal y propone una metodología para su medición. A partir de la definición del espacio fiscal en términos del presupuesto disponible, se expone el caso mexicano y se abordan las opciones que existen para su ampliación a nivel federal
Infinity of coherence in mass media discourse
Authors:   Elena S. Solntseva St Petersburg University, Solntseva Elena S.
Published: March 2021

This paper investigates the boundaries of mass media discourse focusing on various means of coherence in newspaper articles highlighting the same topic in 3 languages – English, German and Spanish. Around 80 articles devoted to the FIFA World Cup 2018 in Russia were selected from 3 newspapers to comprise the material for the study: New York Times (The U.S.), Süddeutsche Zeitung (Germany) and El Pais (Spain). It was discovered that coherence manifestations differed 1) chronologically (preparatory process, games, results and consequences); 2) by relevance (with some articles referring merely to sport issues while others focusing on financial, cultural or political issues of holding the World Cup); 3) by functions of hyperlinks (links to additional material, open discussion, advertisement, social networks, printing or saving an article). The analysis revealed the variety of coherence in mass media discourse. Focusing on one key event, all analysed issues used a number of formats: text, photo, video, discussion, hyperlinks etc. The most frequent way to attract reader’s attention was a topical change when the article started with a most well-known topic but continued with another one. The differences in coverage between issues referred to the point of view on the event. It has become clear from the study, that modern mass media discourse tends to link all sources and functions available in the electronic form. The globality of media leads to an infinite coherence.
“Friend”: Analyzing linguistic representation and modeling the category (Based on Russian and American media texts on the armed conflict in Syria)
Authors:   Mikhail S. Zyryanov Tomsk State University, Zyryanov Mikhail S. , Kashpur Valeriya V. ,   Valeriya V. Kashpur Tomsk State University, Andreeva Tatiana L. ,   Tatiana L. Andreeva Tomsk State University
Published: March 2021

The article attempts to describe the lexical representation of the semantic category “friend” by means of the noun in media texts covering the armed conflict in Syria, 2015–2016. An analysis of Russian and American texts revealed 1163 and 864 nouns, respectively, which were distributed across 10 lexical and semantic groups. Based on the results obtained, an author's model of the “friend” category has been constructed and its actualizations in the Russian and American corpus of texts have been compared. The “friend” is a subject (the “nomination” LSG) that has certain characteristics (the LSGs of “form and structure”, “quality and attributes” and “opposition”) and for certain reasons (the “motivation” LSG) acts in a certain way (the LSGs of “activity”, “interaction with an ally / self” and “interaction with a ‘foe’”) with a certain result (the “external consequences of the activity” and “internal consequences of the activity” LSGs). The national specificity of the “friend” category lies in different actualization of the meanings expressed by the nouns representing the LSGs. The content explication of the Russian category is directed inwards, emphasizing its substantive aspects, while the content of the American one is explicated outwards with the descriptive aspects being emphasized. When at contact, the Russian “friend” is focused on empathy, while the American one pays more attention to the ways of organized interaction. Also the Russian one attaches more importance to preventing the activities of the “foe”, i.e. proactively defending themselves, allies and values from harm.
Краткий очерк типологических особенностей языка йоруба
Authors:   Adeboye Oluwaseun Ifaturoti South Ural State University, Ifaturoti Adeboye Oluwaseun
Published: March 2021

The article presents materials on the phonetic and grammatical structure of Yoruba – one of the most widely spoken languages of West Africa, which, along with its literary form, exists in many dialectical variants. Using examples selected from modern normative speech usage, the author – a native speaker of the Standard Yoruba – demonstrates the ways of expressing semantic content, various grammatical meanings and categories in the Yoruba language, whose structure has significant differences from known modern analytical (English, French) and synthetic (Russian) languages of Europe. The results of the study show that, first, lexical meanings in Yoruba language can be differentiated by changing tone pitch; second, reduplication and agglutination are vital to the process of word formation; third, the categories of verb tense, definiteness / indeterminacy, comparative and superlative adjectives are expressed by lexical means; finally, syntactic constructions due to the non-inflectional nature of words in Yoruba, as in European analytical languages, are constructed according to a fixed model.
UD ÇALGISINDA MİKROFONLAMA TEKNİKLERİ İLE İLGİLİ UZMAN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: ZİYAGİL Hakan Emre
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türk Müziği çalgılarından olan udun doğru mikrofonlama tekniklerini ve bu tekniklerin nasıl uygulanacağı konusu hakkında bilgi edinmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bakış açısı doğrultusunda uzman görüşleri alınmıştır. Farklı mikrofonlar ve mikrofonlama teknikleri uygulanarak uzmanların ortak bildiği bir Peşrev (Beyati) icra edilmiştir. Alınan kayıtlar aynı ortam ve atmosferde yapılmış olup 55 kişilik örneklem grubuna tek tek dinletilerek yorumları ve tercihleri (görüşleri) alınmıştır. Uzmanların genel çerçevesi; müzik öğretmenleri, stüdyo ve teknoloji uzmanları (tonmayster ve aranjör), sanatçılar (TRT, Kültür Bakanlığı) ve akademisyen olan kişileri içermektedir. Bu bağlamda ortaya çıkmış olan sonuçlar ve bulgular istatistiksel olarak ele alınıp, analiz edilerek en doğru mikrofonlama tekniği saptanarak öneriler halinde belirtilmiştir.
Method of numerical estimating aerial images indicators quality for mapping purposes
Authors: Anikeeva I.A.
Published: March 2021

The task of assessing the quality of aerial imagery, obtained for mapping, in terms of vision properties, is very ambiguous due to the lack of objective criteria and evaluation methods. A system of indicators for aerial images quality and methods of their numerical assessment is presented. The fine aerial image’s quality is characterized by a set of its structural and gradation properties. The structural properties of the image are determined by the actual spatial resolution and photographic sharpness. Gradation properties of an image are characterized by the correct color rendering, the level of random noise and information completeness indicators – haze, radiometric resolution and the percentage of information loss in illumination and shadows.Methods of evaluating these indicators are formulated, and their recommended and acceptable numerical values are determined analytically. To clarify and correct the obtained analytical recommended and acceptable numerical values of the image quality indicators of their practical application possibility and further experimental studies are necessary with materials, obtained through various airborne imaging sensors for mapping.
Necessity and regularity of geodetic knowledge development. Eckers as “earth-dividing” tools
Authors: Ilyushina T.V.
Published: March 2021

The article deals with studying the historic design development of the eckers as landseparating tools, depending on the theoretical and practical matters of peasant land tenure, surveying forest areas, and those adjacent to the waters. The authors show that dividing lands of different practical use and establishing their boundaries is an important and necessary part of the land Fund state accounting, and its success depends on the qualified geodetic support possibilities. It is considered that the need to divide the land space can be traced in the laws of the knowledge development, performing geodetic works and improving the instruments’ design. As a result of the study, it was revealed that eckers make the only group of “earth-separating” tools; they are currently conventionally referred to as angle-measuring ones. Their main function is to divide space at fixed angles. The absence of a scale makes us think about their “non-measuring” purpose. The authors show that the features of the first “earth-separating” technical devices are basic for more complex designs of geodetic instruments, enabling to conduct diverse geodetic surveys in a certain historical era, depending on the application purpose and the tools using method.
As trajetórias negras encontram a institucionalidade das políticas públicas contemporâneas: ações voltadas para comunidades quilombolas em São Lourenço do Sul, RS
Authors: Pinheiro Patrícia dos Santos
Published: March 2021

No contexto contemporâneo brasileiro, entrecruzam-se uma pluralidade de formas substantivas de política, para além daquelas oriundas do Estado. No presente artigo serão abordadas relações estabelecidas a partir da aproximação entre ações estatais efetivadas nos últimos anos que pretensamente abarcariam a diversidade cultural e as trajetórias de comunidades negras do município de São Lourenço do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Essas comunidades têm se mobilizado na busca por direitos a partir da categoria de “remanescente de comunidade de quilombo”, o que representou uma possibilidade de mudanças nas estruturas de alteridade locais, mas que, no entanto, não apontou para o pleno acesso a direitos. O tema da implementação de políticas habitacionais é abordado neste trabalho a partir do método etnográfico e com uso de perspectivas teóricas que perpassam a etnicidade e o reconhecimento de grupos identitários. Dessas mobilizações, desdobram-se conflitos e negociações entre diferentesatores a partir de articulações que se materializam no cotidiano e se conectam a movimentos reivindicatórios mais amplos, trazendo um questionamento sobre processos de subordinação.
“Não extrativismo” epistêmico: desafios à investigação científica crítica
Authors: Barbosa Vera Lucia Ermida
Published: March 2021

A partir da crítica pós-colonial, ganharam espaço as etnografias enfocando outras vozes, subjetividades e perspectivas, apoiadas, principalmente, em propostas teóricas sociais oriundas de paisagens distantes dos centros europeus e norte-americanos de produção de saber. Essas epistemologias do Sul global têm em comum partirem do testemunho e da experiência de marginalidade, subalternidade e subjugação, de onde emergem novos sujeitos políticos, nova autoridade discursiva e representação cultural. Essa perspectiva desafia as narrativas hegemônicas e amplia o interesse no uso da memória e história oral como metodologia de pesquisa, promovendo um crescente interesse em estabelecer as relações entre história, memória, saber e poder. Assim, são ampliadas as reflexões acerca das responsabilidades éticas e políticas da etnografia e do trabalho de campo, ao mesmo tempo em que se veem transformadas asrelações autor/objeto/leitor, uma vez que os “sujeitos de pesquisa” passam, eles próprios, a pesquisar, escrever e reclamam ser representados na “história”. O extrativismo como característica das sociedades formadas na lógica do imperialismo, capitalismo, colonialismo e patriarcado, que subjugou povos como recursos a serem explorados, se estende ao saber e a ciência moderna tem suas origens no “extrativismo epistêmico”. Tal constatação torna ainda maior o desafio de realizar investigação científica e produzir conhecimento crítico assumindo viver responsavelmente o compromisso de que a alternativa ao extrativismo é a reciprocidade profunda, o que implica um intercâmbio justo nas relações entreseres humanos e nas relações entre humanos e não humanos.
Experiences de l’immigration algerienne en France et grammaires urbaines et publiques de la reconnaissance
Authors: Battegay Alain
Published: March 2021

Argumentant pour une méthode d’explorations situées, cet article vise à déployer des problématiques de la reconnaissance proches de l’expérience sociale, entre le quotidien et la politique, entre la reconnaissance à l’oeuvre dans des interactions ordinaires et le droit à la reconnaissance. Il s’appuie sur des recherches d’inspiration socio-anthropologique portant sur la manière dont les générations issues des migrations maghrébines, notamment Algériennes, et leur installation durable à domicile travaillent les manières de faire société en France et contribuent à leur re-fabrication. Deux domaines de recherches sont ainsi revisités qui concernent 1) les approches urbaines des migrations et les grammaires des pratiques urbaines (avec une insistance plus particulière sur les « centralités immigrées ») ; et 2) la place de l’immigration algérienne dans la mémoire publique en France. Ces deux domaines désignent à l’attention des zones de troubles en matière de connaissance, d’ambivalences en matière de reconnaissance marquées par des déficits, des différentiels, des registres dissociés dans l’expérience des populations d’origine Algérienne vivant en France, même si elles sont de nationalité française, qui inquiètent les conceptions des sociabilités d’interconnaissance en signalant la vulnérabilité des dispositifs d’inter-reconnaissance.
De alianzas, contextos y biografías. Una experiencia académica “internacional” con Brasil desde el noroeste Argentino
Authors: Godoy Mariana Inés
Published: March 2021

En este ensayo procuro hacer un ejercicio de reflexividad sobre un recorrido de formación académica y en investigación en el campo de la antropología jurídica y la administración de conflictos, que estuvo especialmente marcado por experiencias de vinculación con parte de la academia brasileña. Viniendo de provincias del noroeste argentino, lejos de los grandes centros académicos y urbanos, estas experiencias de vínculo internacional muestran un contexto de una relativa expansión de los sistemas de becas doctorales en Argentina y del financiamiento en ciencia y técnica en general. Al mismo tiempo, permiten pensar en cierta dinámica en los equipos de investigación que también animan movimientos disciplinares. Estas alianzas internacionales, que tienen componentes de inversión académica aunque también de índole afectiva, se alimentan y se consolidan en esos escenarios de crecimiento. De igual manera,actúan compensando movimientos inversos de retracción de la inversión en el sistema científico, permitiendo sostener e incentivar la producción, y adquiriendo el sentido de resistencias políticas a esos escenarios adversos.
Encontros com Licia do Prado Valladares: biografia, trajetória acadêmica e reflexões metodológicas sobre o seu trabalho de campo na Rocinha em 1967-1968
Authors: Cunha Juliana Blasi , Valladares Licia do Prado , Mesquita Wania Amélia Belchior , Silva Luciane Soares da
Published: March 2021

Quase cinquenta anos após seu precursor trabalho de campo na Rocinha, Licia do Prado Valladares revisitou memórias, diários de campo e fotografias, abordando as relações com seus interlocutores, negociações, erros e dúvidas de seu primeiro trabalho de campo. Em uma palestra no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia Política da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense em abril de 2016, a partir das memórias dessa experiência passada, Licia elaborou algumas reflexões metodológicas em que buscou destacar que as informações que se constroem dependem, no final das contas, do comportamento do pesquisador e das relações que desenvolve com o grupo pesquisado. Pouco tempo após essa palestra, realizamos uma entrevista com a autora sobre sua biografia e, posteriormente, o nosso diálogo se aprofundou no decorrer de mais quatro encontros, resultando no presente artigo. O texto aborda, portanto, aspectos da biografia da autora, o contexto de produção de sua pesquisa e, através da transcrição de parte de sua palestra, as reflexões sobre a relação estabelecida por ela com seus interlocutores.
Peluang dan strategi pengurangan emisi di Kawasan Delta Mahakam, Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Hutami Mohamad Fitriady Helfian , Ahmad Syahruni , Ridwan Ridwan , Fikri Mamduh , Kurniawan Yuyun , Damayanti Ellyn K. , Ridwansyah Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Mahakam Delta area which functions as a Permanent Production Forest has abundant forest resources. However, there is a lack of management of the Mahakam Delta forest area which causes degradation and of mangrove forests to fish and shrimp ponds. This study aims to provide a rational, measurable, efficient and effective conceptual framework for exploiting mangrove forest resources by taking into account the socio-economic business aspects, emission reduction, local community culture and the preservation of mangrove forests in the Mahakam Delta area to achieve independent management of the Mahakam Delta. The method used in this study is Action Learning in which business plan concepts are introduced by promoting the principle of emission reduction to representatives of the KPHP Delta Mahakam. The results show the need for several improvements and strategies to resolve the Mahakam Delta problem, such as resolving pond conflicts, fostering and monitoring the Mahakam Delta area, synergies with related stakeholders, and optimal utilization of forest potential.

Keywords: Business Strategy, Mahakam Delta, Production Forest, Emission
La piel en la enfermedad sistémica: abordaje clínico y diagnóstico
Authors: Córdoba Córdoba Nancy Constanza
Published: March 2021

La piel es el órgano más grande del cuerpo humano, ocupa dos metros cuadrados; es, a la vez, el más externo y, por lo tanto, el más visible, de tal manera que su exploración física muestra no solo las lesiones que pueden estar afectándola directamente, sino que también permite apreciar el efecto de algunos cambios internos. Por tal razón, su análisis aporta datos para la comprensión de las alteraciones de los órganos internos. Desde el inicio de una enfermedad sistémica se presentan signos y síntomas en la piel. Por ello, todo médico general debe estar familiarizado con estas manifestaciones cutáneas para que pueda, de manera rápida, llegar a un diagnóstico clínico temprano, que le permita luego confirmar esa posible alteración e iniciar el tratamiento más adecuado o remitir al especialista experto en la alteración por tratar. Asimismo, debe conocer las células que conforman la piel para entender sus funciones y, también, los diferentes tipos de lesiones cutáneas que le ayudarán a ...
Fundamentos de mantenimiento industrial
Authors: Montilla Montaña Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2021

Este libro texto introduce a estudiantes de Ingeniería y Tecnología, a la teoría y práctica básica de la administración del Mantenimiento industrial, campo sumamente importante en las organizaciones productivas modernas y donde se ocupan laboralmente la mayoría de egresados de Ingeniería y afines. El libro es el resultado de la experiencia adquirida por el autor durante nueve años de servicio a la industria, y nueve años de experiencia docente en el campo específico de Mantenimiento. En la forma que fue concebido y redactado el libro, es susceptible de ser leído y comprendido no solo por estudiantes universitarios, sino también por otros profesionales y personas ajenas al ámbito académico directo, pero con interés en el amplio mundo del Mantenimiento.
Association between maternal ritodrine hydrochloride administration during pregnancy and childhood wheezing up to three years of age: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Murata Tsuyoshi , Kyozuka Hyo , Yasuda Shun , Fukuda Toma , Yamaguchi Akiko , Maeda Hajime , Sato Akiko , Ogata Yuka , Shinoki Kosei , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Yasumura Seiji , Hashimoto Koichi , Nishigori Hidekazu , Fujimori Keiya
Published: March 2021

Background: The effects of maternal ritodrine hydrochloride
administration (MRA) during pregnancy on fetuses and offspring are not
entirely clear. The present study aimed to evaluate the association
between MRA and childhood wheezing using data from a nationwide Japanese
birth cohort study. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed data
from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a nationwide birth
cohort study, conducted between 2011 and 2014. Data of women with
singleton births after 22 weeks of gestation were analyzed. The
participants were divided according to MRA status. Considering childhood
factors affecting the incidence of wheezing, a logistic regression model
was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios for “wheezing ever,”
diagnosis of asthma in the last 12 months, and “asthma ever” in women
with MRA, with women who did not receive MRA as the reference.
Participants were stratified by term births, and adjusted odds ratios
for outcomes were calculated using a logistic regression model. Results:
A total of 68,123 participants were analyzed. The adjusted odds ratio
for wheezing ever was 1.17 (95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.22). The
adjusted odds ratios for the other outcomes did not significantly
increase after adjusting for childhood factors. The same tendency was
confirmed after excluding women with preterm births. Conclusion: MRA was
associated with an increased incidence of childhood wheezing up to three
years, irrespective of term births or preterm births. It is important
that perinatal physicians consider both the adverse maternal side
effects of MRA and its potential effects on the offspring’s childhood.
Surgical Thrombectomy of dual coronary artery thrombosis
Authors: Kanj Mouhammad , Chawbah Dany , Nassar Anis , Mansour Ziad
Published: March 2021

Concomitant thrombosis of two coronary arteries is an uncommon condition
that is reported to cause sudden cardiac death. In this paper, we
describe the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with simultaneous
LAD and RCA occlusion causing anterior and inferior myocardial
infarctions. PCI was attempted and failed, an Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump
(IABP) was inserted and the patient was referred to surgery. Following
surgical thrombectomy and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the
patient recovered with no complications.
The utility of formalin-fixed tissues and allozyme supernatant for population genomics and considerations for combining capture- and RADseq-based SNP datasets
Authors: O'Connell Kyle , Mulder Kevin , Wynn Addison , Queiroz Kevin de , Bell Rayna
Published: March 2021

Until recently many historical museum specimens were largely
inaccessible to genomic inquiry, but high-throughput sequencing (HTS)
approaches have allowed researchers to successfully sequence genomic DNA
from dried and fluid-preserved museum specimens. In addition to
preserved specimens, many museums contain large series of allozyme
supernatant samples but the amenability of these samples to HTS has not
yet been assessed. Here, we compared the performance of a target-capture
approach using alternative sources of genomic DNA from ten specimens of
spring salamanders (Plethodontidae: Gyrinophilus porphyriticus)
collected 1985–1990: allozyme supernatants, allozyme homogenate
pellets, and formalin-fixed tissues. We designed capture probes based on
double-digest restriction-site associated (RADseq) sequencing derived
loci from seven of the specimens and assessed the success and
consistency of capture and RADseq technical replicates. This study
design enabled direct comparisons of data quality and potential biases
among the different datasets for phylogenomic and population genomic
analyses. We found that in phylogenetic analyses, all replicates for a
given specimen clustered together, but in principal component space,
RADseq replicates did not cluster with corresponding capture-based
replicates. SNP calls were on average 18.3% different between technical
replicates, but these discrepancies were primarily due to differences in
heterozygous/homozygous SNP calls. We demonstrate that both allozyme
supernatant and formalin-fixed samples can be successfully used for
population genomic analyses and we discuss ways to identify and reduce
biases associated with combining capture and RADseq data.
The moral condemnation of corruption
Authors: Majstorovic Katarina
Published: March 2021

The definition of corruption, as well as the set of problems that corruption
raises, are fundamentally changing due to the different angle from which we
perceive it. Usually we cite sociological, legal, economic, political,
psychological, ethical as the most common dimensions of this general social
problem. This phenomenon is represented by the elementary definition of
corruption as an abuse of public office for personal interest. At the heart
of this phenomenon is a conflict between the general interest and the
self-interest, in circumstances where the priority of self-interest is
illegitimate. In this paper, we have provided the background of the most
significant causes and consequences of corruption, emphasizing the possible
problems with legal mechanisms. Corruption is a criminal offense and thus
subject to legal regulation. This regulation is not sufficient to eradicate
corruption. Corruption today is devastating and threatens the functioning of
the society as a regulated system. We provided an analysis of this process
and pointed out its ethical dimensions. The aim of the paper is to highlight
the importance of the anti-corruption standpoint as an absolute duty. If
every individual adopted Do Not Bribe!, on a personal level, as a perfect
duty, corruption would stand no chance. Therefore, we should decentralize
attention from the legal and other dimensions to the ethical dimension of
the problem of corruption. We have shown in the paper that a clear decision
not to participate in corruption due to its moral wrong is a necessary
condition if it aims at weakening entrenched bribery practices. That
decision is the matter of moral integrity. The conclusion is that any social
anti-corruption strategy must start from the analysis of corruption as an
action which is subject to ethical analysis.
Aralık-Değerli Sezgisel Bulanık Ortamda Entropinin Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Problemlerinde Kullanılmasına İlişkin Eleştirel Analiz
Authors: KOKOÇ Melda , ERSÖZ Süleyman
Published: March 2021

Bilgi belirsizliğini ölçmek için geliştirilen entropi, bulanık küme teorisine uyarlandıktan sonra önemli bir kavram olarak literatürde yer edinmiştir. Bulanık entropi, klasik bir kalıptan bulanık paterne geçerken kaybolan ortalama bilgi miktarı olarak kabul edilen durumun belirsizliğinin bir ölçüsünü sunmaktadır. Entropinin kullanıldığı alanlardan biri de çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) problemleridir. ÇKKV problemleri ile ilgili çalışmaların bazılarında, kriter veya uzman ağırlıklarını hesaplamak ya da alternatifleri sıralamak için entropiden yararlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, aralık-değerli sezgisel bulanık (ADSB) ortam için geliştirilen entropi fonksiyonlarının, ÇKKV problemleri ile uyumu araştırılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen örnek hesaplamalar ve tartışmalar sonucunda, ADSB kümeler için geliştirilen entropi fonksiyonlarının, sahip olduğu teorik özelliklerden dolayı ÇKKV problemlerinde etkili çalışmadığı görülmüştür.
LSTM Network based Sentiment Analysis for Customer Reviews
Authors: BİLEN Burhan , HORASAN Fahrettin
Published: March 2021

Continuously increasing data bring new problems and problems usually reveal new research areas. One of the new areas is Sentiment Analysis. This field has some difficulties. The fact that people have complex sentiments is the main cause of the difficulty, but this has not prevented the progress of the studies in this field. Sentiment analysis is generally used to obtain information about persons by collecting their texts or expressions. Sentiment analysis can sometimes bring serious benefits. In this study, with singular tag-plural class approach, a binary classification was performed. An LSTM network and several machine learning models were tested. The dataset collected in Turkish, and Stanford Large Movie Reviews datasets were used in this study. Due to the noise in the dataset, the Zemberek NLP Library for Turkic Languages and Regular Expression techniques were used to normalize and clean texts, later, the data were transformed into vector sequences. The preprocessing process made 2% increase to the model performance on the Turkish Customer Reviews dataset. The model was established using an LSTM network. Our model showed better performance than Machine Learning techniques and achieved an accuracy of 90.59% on the Turkish dataset and an accuracy of 89.02% on the IMDB dataset.
La formación pedagógica del docente rural con el apoyo de las tecnologías como una herramienta de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el aula
Authors: Flores Cuevas Francisco , Vásquez Martínez Claudio Rafael , Campos López Heriberto
Published: March 2021

El presente trabajo se enfoca en el estudio de los procesos formativos de docentes de educación rural que laboran en la región del Tequendama, departamento de Cundinamarca (Colombia), específicamente en tres instituciones ubicadas en el municipio de San Antonio del Tequendama. Este objeto de análisis fue elegido debido a la necesidad que existe de estudiar la formación docente tanto en aspectos pedagógicos como en el uso de las herramientas tecnológicas, conocimientos esenciales para mejorar la calidad formativa en los diversos niveles educativos. Los participantes, elegidos por conveniencia, fueron 90 maestros y maestras que laboraban en el año lectivo 2019. Para recabar la información se empleó una encuesta constituida por 27 preguntas en las que se relacionaron la formación del docente rural y el conocimiento y uso de las TIC en el aula. Los resultados demuestran, en cuanto a las TIC, que esos medios tecnológicos son usados por los docentes más para fines particulares y personales que pedagógicos, por lo que no han tenido el impacto esperado dentro de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Además, cabe señalar que en el presente trabajo se ha evidenciado que los maestros no han sido formados para el trabajo en zonas rurales, ambientes en los cuales se presentan particularidades y necesidades muy distintas a las de las zonas urbanas.
Bioceno: as revoluções da Terra e a nova era da vida artificial
Authors: Petronio Rodrigo
Published: March 2021

Há alguns anos concebi e comecei a desenvolver um novo conceito a partir de um neologismo: “bioceno”. Ao pesquisar o termo “bioceno” em inglês, deparei-me com um nome solitário, isolado como uma ilha no oceano da internet: Vikram Shyam. Shyam é pesquisador da nasa na área de engenharia e inteligência artificial. Neste ensaio, dialogo com os conceitos de paleomimesis, fisiomimesis, biomimesis e antropomimesis desenvolvidos por Shyam. O conceito de Bioceno de que me valho e que tenho desenvolvido em minhas pesquisas incorporou aspectos da teoria de Shyam. Entretanto, pretendo expandi-lo a partir de dois pontos: uma revisão do conceito de Antropoceno e uma descrição do conceito de Mesoceno, criado por mim a partir da teoria dos mesons. Por ora, este artigo se limita a circunscrever alguns aspectos do Bioceno a partir de quatro objetivos: 1. Estabelecer o que seria uma nova (ceno) época da vida (bíos) que emerge agora com o fim do Holoceno a partir do conceito de Bioceno e da PeTaL (Tabela Periódica da Vida), ambos desenvolvidos por Shyam. 2. Retificar as limitações inerentes ao conceito de Antropoceno. 3. Propor uma acepção de bíos não mais ligada às dicotomias orgânico-inorgânico. 4. Definir por que essa nova época da bíos nasce de uma confluência entre natureza e inteligência artificial e, dessa forma, deve extrapolar a noção de época e inaugurar uma nova era para o sapiens: a era da vida artificial. 5. Propor uma concepção conexionista dos seres vivos, definidos pelos graus de mediações que estabelecem entre si, não por suas qualidades primárias.Palavras-chave: Bioceno. Mesoceno. Algoritmos. Sistemas. PeTaL. Paleomimesis. Fisiomimesis. Biomimesis. Antropomimesis.
Virus semiosis: uma entrevista com Kalevi Kull
Authors: Nöth Winfried
Published: March 2021

A TECCOGS, Revista Digital de Tecnologias Cognitivas, tem o prazer de receber o Professor Kalevi Kull, eminente biossemioticista do Departamento de Semiótica da Universidade de Tartu, Estônia, como convidado para comentar o tópico “Semiose do Vírus”. Esse tema procura responder se os vírus, como o coronarívus Covid-19, propaga-se através de processos semióticos, ou seja, por semioses.A chave desta questão recai no conceito de semiose introduzido por Charles S. Peirce em seu MS 318 de 1907, mas implícito em todos os seus escritos iniciais sobre a essência dos signos e seus processos. Peirce escreveu, “Por ‘semiose’ eu quero dizer […] uma ação, ou influência, o que é, ou envolve, uma cooperação entre três sujeitos, sendo um signo, seu objeto, e seu interpretante” (Peirce 1907, p. 411). Em outras palavras, um processo de semiose inicia-se com um signo, que representa um objeto, e cria um interpretante, que exerce uma influência semiótica com o seu efeito semiótico específico. Nesse processo, signos propagam-se por um agenciamento semiótico com o qual buscam um propósito semiótico. O propósito de um símbolo, ao menos, é o de se propagar, multiplicar-se na forma de outros símbolos. Um símbolo que não se propaga morre por obsolescência, por falta de uso e de inteligibilidade. Nesse sentido, os símbolos buscam causas finais. Eles querem ser entendidos. […].
Resenha do livro Affective computing, de Rosalind Picard
Authors: Del Pin Stephanny Sato
Published: March 2021

O livro de Rosalind Picard avança tecnicamente ao propor que computadores devam ser capazes de aprenderem emoções para atuarem a serviço do bem-estar humano. Para isso, Picard apresenta um framework com possíveis modelos para a construção de computadores capazes de compreenderem e demonstrarem afeto, denominada Computação Afetiva (CA). Computadores, softwares, dispositivos, que continuamente avaliam as emoções de indivíduos e seus próprios “estados emocionais automatizados” é a proposta da CA.
Entrevista com Clara Mancini
Authors: Fava Fabrício
Published: March 2021

Clara Mancini é professora de Design de Interação na escola de Computação e Comunicações da Universidade Aberta (The Open University – ou). Ela é fundadora e líder do Laboratório de Interação Animal-Computador. Clara é particularmente interessada nos desafios metodológicos e oportunidades de inovação provocados pela Interação Animal-Computador (iac), e no potencial de contribuição dessa emergente disciplina para o bem-estar humano e animal, inclusão social, cooperação interespécie e restauração ambiental. Clara tem atuado como investigadora principal em projetos de iac e supervisionado uma variedade de pesquisas doutorais em iac, incluindo interfaces ubíquas e ambientais para cães de assistência de mobilidade e detecção médica, enriquecimento interativo para elefantes em cativeiro e biotelemetria animal vestível.Clara Mancini foi entrevistada por Fabrício Fava no dia 17 de Junho de 2020, via Zoom.
Editorial
Authors: Policarpo Clayton , Fava Fabrício
Published: March 2021

Com o tema “Interação Humano-Animal-Computacional”, a edição 22 da TECCOGS propõe abordar novas formas de interação e cooperação interespécies. As primeiras décadas do século XXI têm sido atravessadas pela emergência de uma série de estudos interdisciplinares que avaliam o potencial de agência, direito e bem-estar dos animais não humanos. Diante da urgência em revisar um excepcionalismo do sujeito humanista, os estudos que exploram noções de animalidade se mostram fundamentais na construção de um pensamento crítico acerca do humano e das relações construídas com, para e por animais não humanos.O filósofo René Descartes, em seus escritos que datam do século XVII, negou sistematicamente a consciência a seres não humanos. Para Descartes, apenas a espécie humana, a única dotada de alma, poderia se qualificar como consciente. Ainda que tenham tomado uma parte nas discussões éticas do último meio século, os animais permaneceram durante muito tempo como autônomos dominados pelo instinto, desprovidos de qualquer experiência ou intencionalidade. As ações por eles desempenhadas pareciam-nos restritas a comportamentos estritamente objetivos – processos químicos, funcionamento mecânico, processamento de informação. […].
Stomach Cancer and Its Homoeopathic Management
Authors:   PG Scholar, Department of Practice of Medicine, R.B.T.S. Government Homoeopathic Medical College &  Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India, Gupta Vaidehi Kumari
Published: March 2021

Like other cancer, Stomach cancer is also a life-threatening disease. It is the result of uncontrolled cell growth in the inner lining of the stomach. The condition is often unrecognizable in the early stages as its symptoms are similar to other diseases like gastritis and ulcer. This article stresses on the different points of stomach cancer & its risk factor, symptomatology, investigation in a concise manner & also emphasizes how Homoeopathy manages in such cases by its holistic approach of treatment. Stomach cancer; Ulcer; Homoeopathy; Helicobacter pylori; Similimum
Off-Road Trafficability for Military Operations Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
Authors:   Interdisciplinary Department of Remote Sensing and GIS Applications, Aligarh Muslim University, India, Khan M. Nazish , Kashif M. ,   Interdisciplinary Department of Remote Sensing and GIS Applications, Aligarh Muslim University, India, Shah A. ,   Digital Terrain Research Laboratory, Defense Research & Development Organization, India
Published: March 2021

This study has been carried out in the Pathankot region, having strategic importance in terms of military operations. It explores the ability of remote sensing and GIS in assessing off-road trafficability which is integral part of terrain intelligence. Number of thematic layers has been prepared using Sentinal -2 satellite images and PALSAR Digital Elevation Model (DEM) viz. LULC, Slope, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Terrain Roughness Index (TRI) and ground conditions to assess the potential of off-road trafficability in the study area for military operations. Results clearly depict that most of the region is suitable for off-road movement. However, north western part is showing less suitability. Keywords PALSAR; Multi-criteria Decision Analysis; AHP; Trafficability
Saudi Nursing Students Experience of Distance Learning (e-learning) During COVID-19 2020 Pandemic Outbreak at KSAU-HS
Authors: Barnawi Najla A. , Al-Mutair Angham , Al-Ghadeer Hind
Published: March 2021

Objectives: This study aims to assess the experience of the full Distance Learning approach among nursing students during COVID-19 Outbreak at KSAU-HS in the three regions (Riyadh, Jeddah, and Al-Ahsa). The study covers the following objectives; measuring the students’ level of satisfaction, perception, and interest in integrating Distance Learning, their learning needs accomplishments; and determine the association between the student’s level of satisfaction, perception/interest in integrating Distance Learning, and learning needs accomplishments. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 nursing students in the CON campuses. The validated 5-Lickert scale DSLLA, was used to assess the student’s demographical data, satisfaction, and learning achievements. The r values were calculated to examine the correlation between the students' satisfaction and other study variables. Results: The majority of the participants were satisfied 70.9% and 90% were toward integrating the e-learning and 89.4% reported that they meet their learning needs. There was a statistically significant relationship between the participants’ satisfaction with learning styles (r=0.305, P= 0.000) and their learning needs achievements (r=.600, P=0.000). Conclusion: Integrating the companied learning style is the best learning option to deliver the pedagogy process within the Nursing curricula; however, the full distance learning approach is an effective tool on delivering the pedagogy process mainly during COVID-19.