bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Content of macronutrients in the plant residues of winter wheat while minimizing primary tillage
Authors: Dubovik Dmitry , Dubovik Elena , Shumakov Alexander , Roik Bogdan
Published: August 2021

As a result of the research, the influence of primary tillage practices (plowing, combined tillage, surface tillage, direct sowing) was studied on the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plant residues in the soil, in the straw and grain of winter wheat, under the conditions of chernozem soils of Kursk Region. The balance of macronutrients coming from plant residues was calculated. It was found that in the spring period in the soil layer 0-20 cm under winter wheat there was more undecayed plant residues when subsoil practices of primary tillage were used. At the same time, as the depth of tillage decreased, a large mass of plant residues was concentrated in the upper 0-10 cm layer of the soil. By the harvest period, there was an increase in the amount of plant residues in the soil by 2.96-4.62 t/ha. At the same time, the highest indicators were observed in case of plowing and direct sowing 4.62 and 4.53 t/ha, respectively. The highest reserves of nitrogen and potassium in undecayed plant residues under winter wheat in the soil were found when using direct sowing (36.0 kg/ha), those of phosphorus when plowing (10.5 kg/ha) was used in the soil layer of 010 cm. The highest mass of winter wheat straw was formed against the background of plowing (6.2 t/ha), while the content of phosphorus and potassium in it was the highest (0.26% and 1.10%, respectively). The highest yield of winter wheat grain was formed against the background of plowing (4.40 t/ha), the lowest yield was with direct sowing (3.26 t/ha). Without the use of mineral fertilizers, a negative balance of macronutrients was formed.
The use of natural resources and reproduction of soil fertility in obtaining a given quantity of products
Authors: Akimenko Alexander , Masyutenko Nina , Dudkina Tatiana
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine the suitability for making sound decisions on the reproduction of soil fertility of the following quantitative laws of the methodology for managing material and energy flows in crop rotations: the energy content of 1 ton of humus (in GJ) is equal to half the nitrogen contained in it (in kg); the amount of exchangeable energy (in GJ) in 100 kg of phytomass is equal to the halfsum (in kg) of nitrogen and phosphorus pentoxide (about 2/3 of it falls on nitrogen). The approbation was carried out on the data of long-term stationary experiment. The results are as follows: with an increase in the level of fertilizer, nitrogen removal with the yield increased by 30–40%, and that of phosphorus by 6–12%; due to doubling the manure rate and the use of mineral fertilizers, the phosphorus balance became positive, and the nitrogen one remained negative, but improved by 17–28% depending on the type of a crop rotation. The deviation of the calculated balance of the exchangeable energy from the actual one on the poorly and most richly fertilized backgrounds was -5.5 to -11.9% and 3.0 to 8.6%., respectively.
Dependence of winter wheat yield on the content and composition of organic matter of typical chernozem
Authors: Masyutenko Nina , Kuznetsov Alexey , Masyutenko Maxim , Pankova Tatiana
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship and the determination of the dependence of winter wheat yield on the content and composition of the organic matter of typical chernozem, the determination of its optimal parameters in different by hydrothermal conditions years. The research was carried out in 2018-2019 in a typical heavy-loamy chernozem in the experimental field of the Kursk FARC. Coupled studies of the yield of winter wheat Synthetics and indicators of soil organic matter in the topsoil were carried out on 30-meter sites during the harvest period. The range of fluctuations in the content and composition of organic matter in the soil, the yield of winter wheat at the studied sites allowed us to apply information and logical analysis within the framework of the analyzed soil-plant system. A high dependence of winter wheat yield on the content and composition of soil organic matter was established, in 2018 the coefficients of information transfer efficiency varied from 0.23 to 0.17, in 2019 from 0.32 to 0.18. It was found that in dry 2019 the dependence of winter wheat yield on the biogenicity of mobile humus substances, the lability of humus, and microbial biomass has increased, and the influence of humus has decreased. It is established that in the studied years the significance of the parameters for the formation of winter wheat yield remained, the degree of their influence and sometimes the nature of the direction of the relationship changed. The optimal parameters of indicators of soil organic matter in the arable layer of chernozem typical for obtaining the yield of winter wheat Synthetic 5.45-7.24 t/ha in a favorable by hydrothermal conditions year and 4.78-7.19 t/ha in a dry year were established.
Identification of phenolic constituents inLonicera caeruleaL. by HPLC with diode array detection electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Razgonova Mayya P. , Tikhonova Nadezhda G. , Sabitov Andrey S. , Mikhailova Natalia M. , Luchko Svetlana R. , Zakharenko Alexander M. , Pikula Konstantin S. , Golokhvast Kirill S.
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this work was a comparative metabolomic study of extracts of Blueberried honeysuckleLonicera caeruleaL.: №1043-11 (St. Petersburg); №1043-08 (St. Petersburg) №863; (Japan); №860 (WildLonicerafrom Amur river) from the collection of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. To identify target analytes in extracts HPLC was used in combination with a BRUKER DALTONIKS ion trap. The results showed the presence of 82 target analytes corresponding to familyCaprifoliaceae. In addition to the reported metabolites, a number of metabolites were newly annotated inLonicera caeruleaL.There were flavonols: Dihydrokaempferol, Rhamnetin I, Rhamnetin II, Taxifolin-3O-glucoside, Mearnsetin-hexoside, Horridin; flavones: Chrysoeriol, Apigenin-O-pentoside, Chrysoeriol-7-Oglucoside; flavanone Naringenin; flavan-3-ols: Catechin, Epicatechin, Biochanin A-7-O-glucoside; essential amino acids: L-Pyroglutamic acid, Tyrosine; polypeptide 5-Oxo-L-propyl-L-isoleucine; sterols: Ergosterol, Fucosterol, Beta-Sitosterin; triterpenoids: Betunolic acid, Oleanoic acid; anabolic steroid Vebonol, indole sesquiterpene alkaloid Sespendole; iridoids: Monotropein,p-Coumaroyl monotropein,p-Coumaroyl monotropein hexoside; Myristoleic acid, etc.
Monitoring the number of trips on open-ground tomatoes
Authors: Tyutyuma Natalya , Bondarenko Anastasia
Published: August 2021

The agroclimatic resources of the Astrakhan region are quite large and represent huge opportunities in the production of heat-loving crops such as vegetables and melons. The region has accumulated a great scientific and production experience in the cultivation of tomatoes as the main vegetable crop rotation crop.

To date, the first task for farmers of the region is to develop new modern agrotechnological techniques to eliminate the spread of thrips on open-ground tomato plants. The object of research was a hybrid of tomato of the domestic selection of the agricultural company Sedek Azhur F1. Materials and methods.

For the first time, for the conditions of light chestnut soils on the land use territory of FSBNU “Caspian Agrarian Scientific Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” during 20182020. the influence of various insecticides in the fight against tripasmi was studied.

As a result of the analysis, the presented scientific article presents the main results for the study of new modern insecticides in the fight against trypses on open-ground tomato Azhur F1. According to the results of three years of study, the optimal option with the use of the drug Confidor Extra was revealed, which contributes to a significant decrease in the number of phytophages.

The use of these preparations had no phytotoxic effect on open-ground tomato plants. In the version using the insecticide Confidor Extra, there was more purely commercial fruits and a significant increase in the crop relative to control without treatments, as well as a variant where the Fufanon-Nova preparation was used. The increase relative to control in the high-yield version was + 40.8 t/ha or 43.5%.
Functional and technological properties and methods of introduction of grain raw materials in the manufacture of meat and vegetable products
Authors: Evdokimova Oksana , Masalov Vladimir , Ivanova Tamara , Ibrahim Yoshaa
Published: August 2021

Currently, it is possible to ensure the protein balance in food only when combining plant and animal proteins. The functional and technological properties and methods of introducing non-meat ingredients (meal and grain raw materials) in the production of meat and vegetable pates are investigated. The influence of the degree of grinding of cereals on the viscosity properties of flour that has undergone hydrothermal treatment is studied. А direct dependence of the maximum value of the loading force on the degree of grinding of cereals is established, with an increase in the degree of grinding of cereals, the strength characteristics increase. The water-retaining capacity (WRC) of flour proteins was studied, so deodorised non-fat soy flour has the least ability to bind water, with a hydromodule of 1:1.75, 6.1% of water is separated, with a hydromodule of 1:2.25, buckwheat groats did not bind only 6.6% of water. Flour from cereal oat flakes, separation of non-cohesive water (8.5%) with a hydromodule of 1:2.5, with an increase in the hydromodule to 1:3, there is a slight decrease in this indicator by 7.5%. The fat module has a weak effect on the FRC of the flour samples being studied. Flour from cereals has a lower FRC, with fat modules (1:0.5) FRC does not change significantly and is from 0.44 to 0.45 g of oil per 1 g of flour, and for deodorised non-fat soy flour it is 100%. The mathematical description of the process of absorption of water and fat by flour from cereals and soy flour showed a steady decrease in WRC and an increase in WRC with an increase in hydro-and fat modules.
History and innovation in pate technology
Authors: Evdokimova Oksana , Goncharova Irina , Chuvardin Herman , Grishaeva Oksana
Published: August 2021

Analysis of the history of the pates creation has shown significant prospects of the product at the present time. Model samples of meat and vegetable pates have been developed by introducing a mixture of powders from rosehip and nettle leaves in an amount of 5, 8 and 10% and a cereal filler made from oatmeal. In terms of organoleptic quality indicators, the sample with the addition of 8% of a mixture of meal powders turned out to be the best. The technological process of the production of meat-vegetable pates includes both traditional operations and the preparation and introduction of herbal ingredients. The developed pate samples were stored at a temperature of 4 ± 2˚C for 7 days, and the quality indicators were assessed. The pastes “Young Strength” and “Willpower and Strength of Mind” are the best. Their highest score is 4.96. It has been established that the consumption of 100 g of “Powerful Strength” pate will provide the daily requirement of men and women of elderly and old age in vitamin B6 by 25.3%, iron by 28.1 and 15.6% (respectively). “Willpower and Strength of Mind” will cover the satisfaction of the daily need for vitamin B6 by 17.8% of men and women of the elderly and old age, in iron by 22.9% for men. And with the use of “ Young Strength “pate the daily need of older people for vitamin B6 will be satisfied for 17.8%, in iron by 20.8% in men of this age category. The use of meat-containing non-meat components with high nutritional value in pate technologies allows us to class them as functional products.
The Study of the Possibility of Using Low-Calorie Foods in the Technology of Flour Confectionery Production
Authors: Kaluzhskikh Aleksandr , Dolgopolova Natalya , Kotelnikova Marina , Ryumshina Snezhana
Published: August 2021

The article demonstrates the advisability of substituting high-grade wheat flour in the formulation of a sponge cake semi-finished mix with the mix of oat, corn and gram flour. An oat, corn and gram flour mix contains much more protein than wheat flour. This mix contains a significant amount of globulin, which suggests an evident foaming capacity of protein systems and is a positive factor in the technology of making sponge cakes. When substituting wheat flour with the suggested mix completely, the nutritional value of finished products improves. The share of dietary fiber increases significantly; the calorie content of products decreases. Absence of gluten makes this mix a strategically important raw material for gluten-free products. It is recommended to use this recipe, since with a complete substitution of wheat flour, there is an improvement in organoleptic, physicochemical indicators of the quality of sponge cake batter and finished products. The use of oat, corn and gram flour leads to an extension of the shelf life of sponge cake semi-finished products and helps to reduce the energy value and increase the vitamin and mineral ones of finished products. The introduction of the mix of flour into the sponge cake batter recipe does not worsen the quality of sponge cakes during storage. The developed formulation can be adapted to the technological process and equipment installed at existing confectionery enterprises and does not require additional costs.
Technological parameters for the production of cooked poultry and pork sausages enriched with non-traditional vegetable raw materials
Authors: Pyanikova Elvira , Kolchanov Mikhail
Published: August 2021

The results of the development of the technological scheme and parameters of the production of cooked sausage products from poultry and pork, enriched with protein-containing vegetable raw materials, are presented. It is proposed to introduce chickpea flour and lentil flour in a total amount of 5% in equal proportions of 1:1 into the sausage product recipe as a protein-containing vegetable additive. Previously, chickpea and lentil flour are mixed with aquafaba in different containers. Part of the water or ice introduced in the production of cooked sausages is replaced with aquafaba, obtained in the production of chickpea flour. Aquafaba is administered in an amount of 5%. These mixtures are placed in the freezer 30 minutes before the start of cooking the minced meat and kept at a temperature of -22°C for freezing. At the third stage of cutting, a frozen mixture of aquafaba, lentil and chickpea flour is added. The processing time is 3-5 minutes. This mixture in the technological process acts as a structure-forming component and improves the organoleptic properties of the finished product. The introduced additives allow you to get a functional product with an increased content of animal and vegetable protein, as well as increased vitamin and mineral value.
Problems of regional management of innovative food industry development
Authors: Kilimova Ludmila , Nishnianidze Olga , Cherkashin Michael , Pykhtin Alexey
Published: August 2021

The article describes the need to consider management of innovative food industry development at all levels of national economy. Management of innovative potential of regional economic entities is considered as a set of processes and activities of management cycle, forms, and methods of its organization, aimed at ensuring innovative development of economic entities, achieving formulated mission and innovative goals using a focused impact on innovative potential components.

Organizational structure of state management of innovative potential is also described. Horizontalvertical structure of innovative potential management of regional economic entities of Russian food industry is based on this structure. It is described in the context of all levels of national economy. Innovative potential of regional economic entities is managed according to the principle of complexity, systemicity, goal commitment and continuality. A resource-based approach has been identified for innovation capacity management process.
Increasing the productivity and preservation of pigs by remedies of natural origin
Authors: Dedkova Antonina , Sergeyeva Natalia
Published: August 2021

Research materials on the use of herbal infusions for the correction of weaning stress in piglets, as well as the complex use of natural products as stress correctors are presented in the article. Infusions of medicinal plants from the leaves of nettle, plantain, rose hips and rowan were used to normalize metabolism and increase the overall immunological resistance of the body. They are distinguished by good tolerance, very rare development of negative side reactions, even with prolonged use. It has been experimentally established that the adaptogenic effect of infusions of nettle, plantain, wild rose and rowan is manifested by an increase in the general nonspecific resistance of the animal body due to the effect on the stress-limiting systems of the body. As a result of the studies carried out, it was found that the use of medicinal plants had a positive effect on the use of feed nutrients by animals and a change in the live weight of pigs. The complex use of natural remedies contributed to an increase in the growth rate of young animals and, ultimately, to an increase in their preservation and productivity. The use of rose hip infusions 20 days before weaning of piglets from sows turned out to be the most effective in terms of preservation, growth and additional income when growing piglets.
Iodine deficiency: socio-economic problems and new approaches to its solution in veterinary medicine
Authors: Yevglevsky Alexey , Gostev Andrey
Published: August 2021

One of the global, vital problems of humanity is iodine deficiency. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 2 billion people live in conditions of iodine deficiency. people: among them, 740 million have endemic goiter, 43 million have mental retardation, more than 6 million. they suffer from cretinism (an extreme degree of mental retardation). Currently, iodine deficiency diseases are the most common non-infectious diseases in the world.

What about mammalian animals? In animals, iodine performs the same functions as in humans. Animals, especially agricultural animals, are just as sensitive to iodine deficiency as humans. With a lack of iodine in the body of animals, the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones is disrupted, which leads to a decrease in the intensity of redox processes, as a result of which all types of metabolism are disrupted:-protein, fat, carbohydrate, macro – and microelement, energy. In this regard, the failure of the thyroid gland is accompanied by the development of severe pathobiochemical processes, which, in the end, leads to the clinical manifestation of pathophysiological conditions. Taking into account the fact that in conditions of constant iodine deficiency it is very problematic to ensure the health of productive animals, the issues of prevention of iodine deficiency conditions are economically significant for industrial animal husbandry. It is no accident that in countries experiencing natural iodine deficiency, state programs have been developed that provide for the use of iodine-containing additives in the diets of productive animals. Despite the fact that the simplest and most affordable method of eliminating iodine deficiency in humans and animals is the inclusion of iodized salt in the diet, however, this method can not be used for veterinary purposes. First of all, the feed method of using biologically active additives eliminates the possibility of dosed therapeutic or preventive treatment. On the pages of this article, we draw attention to the emerging prospects for the use of a new iodine-metabolic composition in non-infectious and infectious pathology, based on an iodine polymer complex known in pharmacology as iodinol and succinic acid.
Clinical symptoms of iodine and zinc deficiency in dairy cows
Authors: Nikulin Ivan , Kalyuzhny Ivan
Published: August 2021

Numerous clinical observations indicate that the silage-concentrate type of dairy cows feeding causes a cascade of pathobiochemical processes occurring by the type of metabolic acidosis, ketosis, hepatosis, with a violation of protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Animals cannot realize the genetically inherent productivity potential.

The culling of cows from the main herd is more than 37%. The main reasons for culling cows are hypo - and agalactia as a result of mastitis and ketosis, as well as infertility against the background of repeated infertile inseminations. Allotriophagy, unsteadiness of teeth, resorption of the last tail vertebrae, curvature of the vertebral column, traces of rib fractures, difficulty in lifting and moving when the content of total calcium and inorganic phosphorus in the blood is at the lower limit of physiological values indicate osteodystrophy. Exo-or endophthalmos, myxedema, forelock and mane, disheveled and curly hair, abortions, the birth of premature, ugly, stillborn, sparsely haired or “naked” calves against the background of low levels of protein bound iodine (PBI) in the blood indicate iodine deficiency in their body (hypomicroelementosis J). Coarsening and increased folding of the skin in the area of the head, neck and withers, active keratization on the skin in the area of articular surfaces and croup, thickening of the corolla zone and the border of the hooves in the form of a roller, ski-like growth and deformation of the hoof horn, enlargement and deformation of the joints, decreased reproductive function and low levels of zinc in the blood indicate parakeratosis of cattle (zinc deficiency).
Modern concept of probiotics and principles of development of new-generation symbiotic preparations
Authors: Gayane Svazlyan , Viktor Popov , Nikolay Naumov
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this work is to review data on the biological effectiveness of probiotics, their mechanisms of action, and the prospects for the development of new-generation preparations. Scientific and practical justification of symbiotic drugs of a new generation – metabiotics as a continuation of the probiotic concept is given. The authors discuss the literature data and their own results, which allow them to propose new approaches to the creation of symbiotic drugs. The authors scientifically substantiate the main scientific provisions of the probiotic concept for the development of new-generation symbiotic drugs:

study of aspects of the cultivation of the metabolic probioticB. bifidumstrain No. 1 in appropriate nutrient media;

determination of the quantitative and qualitative composition of metabolites in the probiotic producer;

scientific and practical substantiation of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the experimental probiotic suspension as a biologically active additive;

the effect of probiotic suspension on the metabolism, the formation of microbiocenosis and nonspecific immunity. The substantiation for the creation of new feed probiotic preparations in the form of a composition of living microorganisms with molasses-based metabolites is given, which has a certain scientific and practical significance, and is promising for use in animal diets. Studies have found that to stabilize normal microflora in suckling pigs and weanlings, it is advisable to use various drugs in the form of biologically active additives of probiotic agents and their metabolites. The article provides a scientific and practical justification of a dietary supplement for correcting the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract and some factors of cellular immunity in growing young pigs based on the probiotic microorganismB. bifidumwhen cultivated on a nutrient medium from molasses.
Physiological justification for obtaining high productivity of dairy cattle
Authors: Khimicheva Svetlana , Moshkina Svetlana , Kharitonova Anastasija , Abramkova Natalija
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of studying the influence of the genealogical affiliation of animals and the origin of bulls, as well as the age of dairy cattle, on the quantitative and qualitative indicators of lactation performance. It is given the physiological justification for obtaining high productivity of dairy cattle. The results have shown that the use of bulls of different genotypes for insemination results in different productivity. So, according to the 305-day first and third lactation yields inseminated by the evaluated bulls, the bull-producer Baron 87485 of the Reflection Sovering line stands out. In terms of 305-day second lactation yield, the bull Adam 167 has the highest productivity. Analysis of the hematological picture makes it possible to establish that the blood parameters of the experimental animals, although they are within the physiologically acceptable norms, but the influence of bulls is noticeable on the content of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and total protein. This indicates and justifies more intensive processes with an increase in the lactation performance of dairy cattle.
Pharmacological correction of technological stress in bulls and assessment of the influence of stress factors on semen quality
Authors: Chaplynskikh Anastasiia , Nikulin Ivan
Published: August 2021

The current conditions for the intensification of animal husbandry dictate a significant increase in the physiological and functional load on the body of productive animals, resulting in a failure of adaptive capacity, which manifest themselves in the violation of reproduction function and the development of pathological states. Research by domestic and foreign scientists has shown that stress plays a leading role in the etiology and pathogenesis of diseases leading to a reduction in animal reproduction [3, 4, 9]. Although the topic of stress is often covered in the scientific literature, some of its features are not fully explored. This is particularly true for male producers whose genetic material has a direct impact on livestock productivity and livestock production [1, 3, 4, 11]. Therefore, the study of the influence of stress factors on the reproductive capacity of males and their pharmaco-rectification is relevant. The aim of our research was to assess the degree of influence of technological stress factors on the reproduction function of the bull producers and to develop a pharmaco-correction scheme to prevent stress effects on sperm quality. In relation to the objective, the following objectives were proposed:

1. Study the reaction of the ox producers to the effects of technological stress;

2. Determine the influence of drugs Amber biostimulator, Azoxyvet on the quality of bull sperm.
A multidimensional analysis and modelling of flotation process for selected Polish lithological copper ore types
Authors: Niedoba Tomasz , Surowiak Agnieszka , Pięta Paulina
Published: August 2021

The flotation of copper ore is a complex technological process that depends on many parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the complexity of this phenomenon by choosing a multidimensional data analysis. The paper presents the results of modelling and analysis of beneficiation process of sandstone copper ore. Considering the implementation of multidimensional statistical methods it was necessary to carry out a multi-level experiment, which included 4 parameters (size fraction, collector type and dosage, flotation time). The main aim of the paper was the preparation of flotation process models for the recovery and the content of the metal in products. A MANOVA was implemented to explore the relationship between dependent (β, ϑ, ε, η) and independent (d, t, cd, ct) variables. The design of models was based on linear and nonlinear regression. The results of the variation analysis indicated the high significance of all parameters for the process. The average degree of matching of linear models to experimental data was set at 49% and 33% for copper content in the concentrate and tailings and 47% for the recovery of copper minerals in the both. The results confirms the complexity and stochasticity of the Polish copper ore flotation.
Evaluation of frothers based on properties of the solids/liquid/gas system
Authors: Drzymala Jan
Published: August 2021

A methodology of selection of frothers for flotation process is presented in the paper. It is based on performing a series of fractionating flotation tests of a considered material at different doses of a selected frother and calculation of the mass balance of the process. Next, three steps are performed. The first one is determination of the frother dose and kinetic constant or specific rate, using the flotation limits plot relating maximum recovery and process rate, both at a selected maximum recovery of the considered material component. The second step is finding selectivity of separation by using the upgrading Fuerstenau plot, while the third element is frothers comparison plot in the form of selectivity versus process kinetics, at a selected maximum recovery, and also versus frother dose, for choosing the most suitable frother.
Analysis of a grinding efficiency in the electromagnetic mill for variable process and feed parameters
Authors: Wołosiewicz-Głąb Marta , Foszcz Dariusz , Saramak Daniel , Gawenda Tomasz , Krawczykowski Damian
Published: August 2021

Article describes issues related to the assessment of raw materials grinding efficiency in an electromagnetic mill. Application of such type of mill in grinding processes can result in measurable benefits of more efficient raw material grinding by reducing time needed to produce a product of a suitable particle size compared to conventional mills. The expected effect of application of a system based on an electromagnetic mill is to achieve a lower energy consumption of grinding process for raw material processing compared to the existing equipment used for the fine grinding. A key element of correct design of comminution circuits in processing of particular feed mineral is to identify the impact of key factors affecting the efficiency of the grinding process. The most important factors determining the efficiency of the grinding process are the time, the construction parameters of the machine, the type of grinding media used in grinding process, as well as the parameters of the feed, among others the crushing resistance or particle size. The paper presents the results of kinetic study of copper ore grinding in electromagnetic mill for variable feed particle size distribution of and different sizes of grinding media.
An update on possibilities of metals recovery from Polish copper ores by biotechnology. Project Ecometals
Authors: Szubert Agnieszka , Guezennec Anne-Gwénaëlle , Bodénan Françoise , Dirlich Stefan , Pawłowska Agnieszka , Grotowski Andrzej , Sadowski Zygmunt , Witecki Kajetan
Published: August 2021

The possibilities of metals recovery from copper ores with the biotechnological methods are widely known. The methods consist in bioleaching of copper ores, copper concentrates and byproducts of their production, as well as metals recovery from leaching solutions. Biohydrometallurgical methods were tested for years to be applied at KGHM Polska Miedź S.A., in order to improve efficiency of copper production. Several different research units worked on the topic, and the most significant and wide range initiatives in this area are mentioned in this article. One of the initiatives is an ongoing German and French Ecometals project. KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. and KGHM Cuprum Ltd. Research and Development Centre are this project Partners. In the frame of the project different metals bearing materials (ores, concentrates and tailings) are tested. Among them three lithological types of the copper ore from Rudna mine and the copper concentrate from Lubin concentrator are used for studies. The article gives a general overview of these activities, with the main focus on results of bioleaching studies of selected materials, conducted by KGHM Cuprum. In these studies sandstone and shale, as well as so called “shale concentrate” (containing 39% of the shale) were used for experiments, and possibilities of their bioleaching were evaluated.
Studies on the separation of some transition metals using trialkylimidazole as selective extractant
Authors: Radzyminska-Lenarcik Elzbieta , Witt Katarzyna
Published: August 2021

The possibility of Cu(II) ion separation from an equimolar Cu-Cd-Zn tertiary mixture by solvent extraction was investigated. The process was based on the use of 1,2,4-trimethylimidazole (TMI) and 1- decyl-2,4-dimethylimidazole (DDMI) as extractant. Dichloromethane was used as the solvent in the extraction process. The dissociation constant of extractants were found potentiometrically. Extraction data were used for finding stability constants and partition constants for the complexes being formed in the aqueous solution. For TMI, separation coefficients for Cu(II) with regard to zinc and cadmium are 2.9 and 1.3, respectively. For DDMI separation coefficients for Cu(II) with regard to zinc and cadmium are 1.4 and 1.6, respectively. Sparingly soluble in water 1-decyl-2,4-dimethylimidazole is a more useful extractant.
Environmentally friendly method for regeneration of copper chloride acidic solutions used in etching of printed circuits
Authors: Kopyto Dorota , Baranek Wit , Myczkowski Zbigniew , Leszczyńska-Sejda Katarzyna , Drzazga Michał , Matusewicz Maciej , Matusewicz Tadeusz , Matusewicz Wojciech
Published: August 2021

Etching of copper with acidic CuCl2 solution is a widely used chemical method in printed circuits production. During the process, the solution is enriched in Cu(I) ions, resulting in reduction and then loss of etching bath capacity. In order to ensure the required etching kinetics, the solution is regenerated by oxidation of Cu(I) to Cu(II). The industrially applied Cu(I) oxidants are, e.g.: Cl2, chlorates. Their application is expensive and associated with drawbacks related to health, safety and environmental hazards (e.g. Cl2 emission). In the result of long-standing cooperation between the IMN and MATUSEWICZ Budowa Maszyn, an innovative, original and environmentally friendly method of acidic solutions regeneration used during printed circuits etching was developed. A new-type reactor equipped with oxidation monitoring-control systems using oxygen or oxygen-enriched air was applied. The reactor construction enables to run the process with oxygen circulation in the reactor, ensures full oxygen utilisation in the regeneration process, achievement of the required performance and process rate, and eliminates expensive, hazardous and often toxic reagents. This is an innovative method, and since there are no analogous technologies currently known and used in Europe and worldwide, the presented method is technologically, economically and ecologically unrivalled.
Finite element analysis of Ti6Al4V porous structures for low-stiff hip implant application
Authors: Rakesh Porika , Pal Bidyut
Published: August 2021

Solid metallic hip implants have much higher stiffness than the femur bone, causing stress-shielding and subsequent implant loosening. The development of low-stiff implants using metallic porous structures has been reported in the literature. Ti6Al4V alloy is a commonly used biomaterial for hip implants. In this work, Body-Center-Cubic (BCC), Cubic, and Spherical porous structures of four different porosities (82%, 76%, 70%, and 67%) were investigated to establish the range of ideal porosities of Ti6Al4V porous structures that can match the stiffness of the femur bone. The effective mechanical properties have been determined through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) under uniaxial compressive displacement of 0.32 mm. FEA predictions were validated with the analytical calculations obtained using Gibson and Ashby method. The effective mechanical properties of 82%, 76%, 70%, and 67% porous BCC and Cubic structures were found to match the mechanical properties of cortical bone closely. They were also well comparable to the Gibson-Ashby method-based calculations. BCC and Cubic porous structures with 67–82% porosity can mimic the stiffness of the femur bone and are suitable for low-stiff hip implant applications.
Arzneipflanzen zur Prophylaxe und Therapie der Hufrehe
Authors: Brendieck-Worm Cäcilia
Published: August 2021

Sekundärstoffreiches Futter (Weide, Heu) und der gezielte Einsatz von Arzneipflanzen zur Unterstützung von Stoffwechsel, Entgiftung, Blutfließeigenschaften, Durchblutung und Gefäßgesundheit bieten Schutz vor Hufrehe. Bei akuter Rehe empfehlen sich pflanzliche Adaptogene und Sedativa sowie antiphlogistisch und analgetisch wirksame Arzneipflanzen.
Development and Validation of a Species-specific PCR Method for the Identification of Ginseng Species Using Orthogonal Approaches
Authors: Lu Zhengfei , Handy Sara M. , Zhang Ning , Quan Zheng , Xu Qun , Ambrose Michael , Giancaspro Gabriel , Sarma Nandakumara D.
Published: August 2021

When testing botanical ingredients of herbal medicines and dietary supplements, the complexity of botanical matrixes often requires the use of orthogonal methods to establish identification procedures suitable for quality control purposes. Genomic-based botanical identification methods are evolving and emerging as useful quality control tools to complement traditional morphological and chemical identification methods. Species-specific polymerase chain reaction methods are being evaluated for botanical quality control and as a cost-effective approach to identify and discriminate between closely related botanical species. This paper describes orthogonal identification of Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolius, and P. notoginseng materials in commerce as an example of the development and validation of a set of species-specific polymerase chain reaction methods to establish botanical identity in ginseng roots. This work also explored the possibility of extending the
application of species-specific polymerase chain reaction methods to provide species identity information for processed materials, such as steamed roots and hydroalcoholic extracts, and showed success with this approach. Finally, the paper provides recommendations for an out-of-specification investigation of samples that may pass some of the orthogonal tests and fail others.
Assessment of a Novel, 22-lead Mobile Electrocardiogram in Elite, Adolescent Footballers
Authors: Johnson Harvey , Duarte Nuno , Ryding Diane , Perry Dave , McNally Steve , Stuart A. Graham , Williams Craig Anthony , Pieles Guido
Published: August 2021

The 12-lead electrocardiogram is a key component of cardiac screening in elite adolescent footballers. Current technology hampers mobile electrocardiogram monitoring that could reduce the time-to-diagnosis in symptomatic athletes. Recently, a 22-lead mobile electrocardiogram monitor, CardioSecur (Personal MedSystems GmbH), has been approved for use in adults. In this study, the differences in parameter accuracy between CardioSecur’s 22-lead electrocardiogram and the gold standard 12-lead electrocardiogram were assessed in elite adolescent footballers (n=31) using Bland-Altman and paired t-tests/Wilcoxon analysis. Agreement between the two devices was clinically acceptable for heart rate (bias=− 0.633 bpm), PR Interval (bias=− 1.73 ms), Bazzett’s corrected QTc interval (bias=2.03 ms), T-wave axis (bias=6.55°), P-wave duration (bias=− 0.941 ms), Q-wave amplitude (bias=0.0195 mV), Q-wave duration (bias=1.98 ms), rhythm (bias=0.0333), ST-segment (bias=− 0.0629), J-point analysis (bias=− 0.01) and extended T wave and QRS duration analysis. Unsatisfactory agreement was observed in QRS axis (bias=− 19.4°), P-wave axis (bias=− 0.670°), QRS amplitude (bias=− 0.660 mV), P-wave amplitude (bias=0.0400 mV) and T-wave amplitude (bias=− 0.0675 mV). CardioSecur’s 22-lead electrocardiogram agrees with the gold standard in rhythm, durations, T-wave determination in all leads assessed, permitting its use in adolescent footballers for immediate pitch- or track-side analysis.
Prenylated Acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum jovis with Anti-inflammatory Potential
Authors: Grafakou Maria-Eleni , Barda Christina , Pintać Diandra , Lesjak Marija , Heilmann Jörg , Skaltsa Helen
Published: August 2021

Thirteen prenylated acylphloroglucinols (1–13), including 2 previously undescribed compounds (1) and (2), were isolated from Hypericum jovis. Their structures were elucidated by high-field NMR spectroscopy. The isolated prenylated acylphloroglucinols were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects in vitro through the reduction of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression induced by TNF-α in the human microvascular endothelial cells 1 cell line. Compounds 3, 5, 6, 8, and 12 significantly reduced intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 16.9, 34.4, 4.0, 3.2, and 7.7 µM, respectively. In addition, compound 12 showed notable inhibitory activity on the formation of cyclooxygenase-1- and 12-lipoxygenase-derived inflammatory mediators in an ex vivo cyclooxygenase-lipoxygenase assay. Eleven further constituents were
isolated (14–24), including the rare quercetin 3-O-(2-O-acetyl)-arabinofuranoside (18).
Avaliações do lúmen da artéria reparada em lesões do antebraço usando o teste de Allen, Doppler portátil e ultrassonografia com Doppler
Authors: Cagnolati Amanda Favaro , Andrade Fernanda Ruiz , Serrano Sara Dadona Correia , Barbieri Claudio Henrique , Mazzer Nilton , Nogueira-Barbosa Marcello Henrique
Published: August 2021

Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a taxa de perviedade pós-operatória de lesões arteriais do antebraço secundárias a traumatismo penetrante. As lesões foram submetidas a reparo primário e examinadas com o teste de Allen e um dispositivo Doppler portátil; posteriormente, os resultados foram confirmados à ultrassonografia com Doppler.

Métodos Dezoito pacientes foram incluídos, com um total de 19 lesões arteriais, 14 lesões ulnares e 5 lesões radiais; um paciente tinha lesões em ambos os antebraços. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia e três avaliações clínicas: o teste de Allen e a avaliação do fluxo sanguíneo arterial com um dispositivo portátil de Doppler na 4ª e 16ª semanas após a cirurgia e ultrassonografia com Doppler 12 semanas após o procedimento.

Resultados Na primeira avaliação clínica, 77% dos pacientes apresentavam perviedade segundo o teste de Allen e 72% apresentavam som pulsátil identificado pelo Doppler portátil. Na segunda avaliação, 61% dos pacientes apresentaram perviedade com base no teste de Allen e a taxa de som pulsátil ao Doppler portátil foi de 72%, semelhante à observada 2 meses antes. À ultrassonografia com Doppler (cerca de 12 semanas após a cirurgia), a taxa de sucesso da arteriorrafia foi de 88%. Em relação à perviedade final (avaliação por ultrassonografia com Doppler) e mecanismo de trauma, todos os pacientes com traumatismo penetrante apresentavam artérias pérvias.

Conclusão Concluímos que a avaliação clínica com um dispositivo Doppler portátil e o teste de Allen é confiável caso a artéria pérvia possa ser palpada. No entanto, a ultrassonografia pode ser necessária em caso de impossibilidade de localização de uma artéria pérvia durante o exame clínico.
Lingual Flap Protection during Third Molar Surgery: A Literature Review
Authors: Petroni Giulia , Passaretti Alfredo , Zaccheo Fabrizio , Di Nardo Dario , Testarelli Luca , Cicconetti Andrea
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this review was to analyze how the retraction and protection of lingual flap (LF+) could influence the incidence of lingual nerve injury (LNI) during third molar extraction, as compared with protocols that do not involve handling of lingual tissue (LF). A literature review was performed from the “Medline” and “Scopus” medical databases, using the keywords “lingual nerve” and “third molar surgery.” From the selected articles, the mean values for transitory and permanent LNI’s incidence were elaborated, taking into account the group treated with LF+ technique and the group treated with LF technique. Of 480 articles, 11 studies were included in the review. The LF+ group counted 3,866 surgeries and it resulted in a transitory LNI’s mean incidence of 2.98 ± 0.03% and a mean incidence of 0.1 ± 0.003% for permanent LNI. The LF group counted 5,938 surgeries with, respectively, 1.92 ± 0.02 and 0.49 ± 0.006% of transitory and permanent LNI’s incidence mean values. The results of this study suggest that the application of LF+ techniques reduces the risk of damage and injuries of lingual nerve.
Assessing the Syrian Population’s Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Antibiotic Usage
Authors: Altorkmani Abdallah , Alzabibi Mhd Amin , Shibani Mosa , Ismail Hlma , Sawaf Bisher , Daher Nizar , Al-Moujahed Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Background Antibiotic resistance is a serious public health threat that results mainly secondary to antibiotics misuse. The present study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward antibiotic use among the Syrian population.

Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient clinics of two major hospitals in Damascus, Syria. Applying a random convenience sampling, data were collected in a 1-week period by interviewing participants using a structured questionnaire, which targeted demographics, practice, knowledge, and attitude. Data were used to assess the relationship between the knowledge level and attitudes and demographics.

Results Most respondents had a moderate level of knowledge (187, 74.8%) and a moderate attitude score (148, 59.2%). In addition, most respondents (149, 59.6%) stated that they take antibiotics based on pharmacist advice only and do not complete the full antibiotic course (200, 80%). A significant association was found between the knowledge level and financial status (p-value = 0.003), education level (p-value = 0.001), and having relatives working in the health care sector (p-value = 0.021). In addition, a significant association was found between the attitude and having health insurance.

Conclusion This study provides baseline evidence about the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antibiotics among the Syrian population, that will help in designing targeted interventions to solve the inappropriate use of antibiotics.
Choir Singing Practice and Temporal Ordering in the Elderly
Authors: Zukowski Debora Bonizio , Junker David Bretanha , da Silva Isabella Monteiro Castro , Viana Lucas Moura , de Oliveira Carlos Augusto Pires
Published: August 2021

Introduction The importance of temporal ordering and sequencing in the auditory system is discussed because these are considered basic functions for language.

Objective To verify the correlation between the practice of choir music and the temporal ordering in elderly with no prior formal musical experience.

Method The study design is cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 85 elderly individuals of both genders, ≥ 60 years old, and it was composed of 43 elderly individuals with no prior formal musical experience but choir participation (research group) and 42 elderly individuals who never sang in a choir and had no music training during their life (control group). The research group was divided based on three categories of choir time. The performances of the research and control groups were compared with pitch pattern sequence (PPS), verbal condition (PPSverb), humming condition (PPShum), and duration pattern sequence (DPS) tests.

Results The mean PPShum and PPSverb showed a statistically significant difference by choir time with a different mean of PPShum between the no singing experience group (59%) and the > 10 years of singing experience group (90%) (p = 0.02). Regarding the averages of PPSverb, there was a statistically significant difference between the no singing experience (23%) and > 10 years of choir time (54%) (p = 0.02) groups.

Conclusion The findings indicate a better performance in the temporal ordering of the elderly who are not formal musicians but who have choir experience in the research group in relation to those with no choir experience in the control group.