bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSUMO ALIMENTAR E A PRÁTICA DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA DE MULHERES COM SÍNDROME DO OVÁRIO POLICÍSTICO
Authors: Silva Tayná Martins , Rocha Thaisa Borges , Jota Michelle Godoi Branquinho , Salha Marianne de Oliveira Falco
Published: June 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o consumo alimentar e a prática de atividade física em mulheres com Síndrome do Ovário Policístico (SOP) através de um estudo transversal, qualitativo, descritivo. Com 47 mulheres, de 18-40 anos e laudo diagnóstico de SOP. Foram questionados peso e altura, presença de doenças não transmissíveis, prática de atividade física e aplicado questionário de frequência alimentar. Podemos analisar que 55% estavam eutróficas, 26% sobrepeso, 19% obesas; 51% praticavam atividade física; 21% apresentaram hipercolesterolemia. O consumo de alimentos do grupo de arroz, pães, massas e batatas destaca-se em maiores percentuais, sendo o arroz, pão francês / pão de sal, bolo de vários sabores os mais consumidos. O consumo de frutas, verduras e folhosos é diário. E em relação ao grupo de lipídios destacam-se a manteiga, margarina, leite integral, queijos amarelos e carne de boi com gordura. Identificou-se que o consumo de alimentos ricos ou fontes de carboidratos não integrais é elevado, assim como o consumo de alimentos ricos ou fontes de gorduras saturadas, sendo inadequado para o tratamento na SOP. A maioria das mulheres apresentou IMC eutrófico e praticavam atividade física, no entanto, algumas apresentaram comorbidades, como a hipercolesterolemia, doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes mellitus tipo 2, sugerindo que pode estar relacionado ao consumo elevado de gorduras saturadas, fatores endógenos e IMC de sobrepeso e obesidade.
Irrational Bunching? Tax Regimes, Brackets, and Taxpayer Behaviors
Authors: Zanoni Wladimir , Carrillo-Maldonado Paul , Pantano Juan , Chuquimarca Nicolás
Published: June 2024

In this study, we examine the behavior of self-employed taxpayers who “bunch" at an income level just below a critical threshold, which triggers a transition from a simple tax regime to a more complex one. Under the simple regime, individuals complete their tax forms independently, while the complex regime mandates the use of a public accountant for maintaining accounting records. Utilizing data from the Ecuadorian tax authority from 2011 to 2014, we initially observed and documented the bunching behavior prompted by the shift between regimes. Subsequently, we assess the impact of this regime transition on the amount of taxes paid by those self-employed taxpayers who choose to fill taxes in the complex regime. Our methodology employs both parametric and semi-parametric “donut” estimators to evaluate these effects. We find that the regime shift indeed prompts taxpayers to bunch below the income threshold, opting to remain within the simpler regime. Interestingly, those who transition into the complex regime tend to pay less in taxes. This pattern holds across various bunching windows and is consistent across several estimators used. Our results suggest that accountants are the key mechanism behind the effects, for they help taxpayers better navigate tax deductions and benefits, leading individuals to pay zero taxes.
Re-Imagining Bioeconomy for Amazonia
Authors: Lesenfants Yves , Veprinsky Mehl Adam , Muggah Robert , Aguirre Katherine , Smith Peter C.
Published: June 2024

Record-breaking global temperatures and increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events underline the threat posed by the climate crisis. The Amazonia rainforest is widely regarded as one of several key bulwarks against global warming and a transition to a low-carbon future. Yet the worlds largest tropical forest is experiencing intense ecological degradation due to intensive cattle ranching, large-scale farming, unstainable mining, and a constellation of illegal activities. A paradigm shift is required in the economic model for the Amazonia and the people who live there. Put simply, it is critical that a higher value is attached to preserving a standing forest than one that is cleared. Bioeconomy offers a viable alternative precisely because of how it incentivizes ecological conservation while simultaneously generating economic opportunities based on the sustainable management of diverse natural resources. There is no unified or shared definition of bioeconomy in the Amazonia. In North America and Western Europe, most definitions tend to emphasize economic growth and market competition with a particular focus on biotechnology to reconcile economic growth with environmental sustainability. Given that most resources available to support the development of the bioeconomy are aligned with interpretations from the Global North,“semantic asymmetries” between funders and countries and entrepreneurs in the Global South could impede access to vital investment, funding and support. Indeed, definitions exported from upper-income settings may not be fully commensurate or appropriate to regions such as the Amazonia, home to over 40 million residents. Amazonias immense biodiversity and the presence of over 400 separate indigenous and other traditional communities, many of whom depend on its resources for livelihoods and subsistence, underline the imperative of localized approaches to understanding bioeconomy and capitalizing on its potential.
Trends and potential for the development of technological sports in student environment
Authors:   Federal Center for the Training of Sports Reserve, Zhdanovich Dmitry O. , Selskiy Andrey K. ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Troitskaya Evelina V. ,   Company “Innopraktika”, Filipeva Diana D. ,   ITMO University
Published: June 2024

The development of modern technologies leads to transformation of all the spheres of society, including sports. One of the key trends of recent years is emergence and fast spread of high-tech (innovative) sports, where digital technologies are embedded directly into the process of competition, such as phygital (combined functional and digital) sport, drone (unmanned aircraft) racing, sports programming and others. These sports are now bringing together people of different ages and interests. The article is aimed to analyse the current state of hi-tech sports in Russia in the period of the key sporting event for their development – the multisport tournament “Games of the Future” (Phygital Games), held in 2024 in Kazan, Russia. The article also considers the current state and prospects of high-tech sports within the framework of student sports and other students’ and youth activities. Student sports are open to change and flexible which makes them one of the most promising areas for the spread of new sports disciplines.
Representation of physical education and student sports in university research studies
Authors:   The Federal Science Center of Physical Culture and Sport, Shchennikova Marina Yu. , Ermakova Marina A. ,   Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Shchennikov Anton N. ,   Saint-Petersburg Scientific-Research Institute for Physical Culture
Published: June 2024

Analysis of topics of scientific research works conducted in educational institutions of higher education and dissertation research on the issues of physical education of students and student sports was carried out. Systematization of research topics for 2014–2022 was done. It has been established that the vast majority of studies are devoted to physical education. The most common areas are the development of training programs for professionally applied physical training and using means of various sports and physical activity. The analysis indicates the need for strategic planning of scientific activities on issues of physical education and student sports, and the intensification of scientific activities in student sports.
On physical education of students with disabilities
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov, Proshlyakov Vladimir D. , Ponomareva Galina V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov, Kotova Galina V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov, Levina Elena A. ,   Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov
Published: June 2024

The analysis of the textbooks published in recent years and devoted to the improvement of the physical education of students with disabilities (health limitations) shows that all the authors point out negative trends in the health of students in most universities of the country, while the number of first-year students with disabilities and those disabled since childhood increases annually, many of them having the pathology of two or more systems simultaneously. The main task facing the teachers of the departments of physical education is the development of such students’ ability to assess their physical condition for a given period and training them in choosing available physical activities, i.e. the formation of universal competencies in the field of health preservation and promotion. The actual organization of physical education for students in all the universities of the country that includes 1-2 classes per week in the 1st-2nd-3rd years does not provide students with disabilities with physical rehabilitation they need during the study period. And it is not possible to form their universal competencies connected with performing physical exercises during extracurricular time (with self-training) due to the limited number of hours in the 1st semester that does not allow students to acquire the necessary amount of knowledge on the impact of physical activity on human health. Referring to Order No. 245 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, which went into effect on September 1, 2022, the authors propose to form groups of students with disabilities starting with the first year and plan physical education classes for them for 45 minutes at least 4 times a week throughout their studies, given that according to the State Standard 400 hours are allotted for physical education. In addition, in order to form universal competencies in the field of health preservation and promotion, the authors propose to introduce a theoretical course (module) during the first 3 years of studies in all universities of the country that will be devoted to the basics of health-improving physical education (72 hours) at the expense of the course “Elective disciplines in physical education”.
On the Demarcation between Counter-Measures and Retortions in the Contemporary International Law
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Disciplines of the Naberezhnye Chelny Institute of the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Krivenkova Maria V.
Published: June 2024

Currently, States are increasingly acting in circumvention of the established system of the UN Security Council, using individual, including group restrictive measures against other States in order to make them act in a certain way acceptable to the imposer of restrictions. The article is devoted to the study of retaliatory restrictive measures taken by the state-object of restrictions. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the Articles on Responsibility of a State for Internationally Wrongful Acts, international treaties, as well as the practice of imposing restrictive measures the following conclusions were formulated. To qualify correctly the actions of the State subject to restrictive measures, it is necessary to determine the nature, content and legal nature of the restrictive measures, the response to which was the actions of this State. Depending on the legality of restrictive measures, retaliatory measures will be either countermeasures or retortions. What they have in common is their necessarily retaliatory nature, which makes these measures legitimate.
Unilateral Restrictive Measures in the Sphere of International Financial Settlements
Authors:   PhD Degree-Seeking Student of the International Law Faculty of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Ryzhkova Irina V.
Published: June 2024

This article analyzes the peculiarities of unilateral restrictive measures in the systems of international financial transactions, including SWIFT, as well as the basis of their legal regulation.
Legal Regulation of Corruption Prevention Measures in Russia and Abroad
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Department of Corruption Prevention Methodology of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Cherepanova Ekaterina V.
Published: June 2024

The anti-corruption policy of most states shows the systematic activity aimed at eradicating corruption and the causes that give rise to it. Priority within the framework of these activities is given to measures aimed at preventing corruption. Such activities are a set of state and public measures aimed at eliminating or neutralizing the causes and conditions of corruption or contributing to the solution of this problem. Analysis of the legislation of the Russian Federation and some foreign countries made it possible to identify a number of the most common measures used to prevent corruption. Among them are: legal and anti-corruption education for citizens and officials, applying ethical standards, anti-corruption analysis of regulatory legal acts and its projects, development of measures to resolve conflicts of interest, active involvement of civil society institutions in combating corruption, etc. Finally, the author concludes that the effectiveness of measures aimed at preventing corruption directly depends on an integrated approach, which requires not only improvement of legal regulation, but also level increase of legal consciousness of citizens, as well as the introduction of the latest ideas in management science and digital technologies.
The Constitutional Right to Creative Freedom as the Basis of All Cultural Rights and Freedoms
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Jurisprudence of the Western Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), PhD (Law), Ivakina Darya S.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the constitutional right to freedom of creativity. The author notes that the right to freedom of creativity is the basis of all cultural rights and freedoms of man and citizen. In addition, it distinguishes between the concepts of “creative activity in a broad sense” and “creative activity to create cultural values”. Proposed changes to the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal legislation on culture.
Prosecutor's Supervision over Enforcement of Laws on Protection of Objects of Cultural Heritage
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Disciplines of the Komi Republican Academy of State Service and Administration, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Ivanova Zhanna B.
Published: June 2024

In this article, the authors consider the issues of supervision over the implementation of legislation on the protection of cultural heritage objects by the prosecutor's office. They pay attention to the judicial practice that has developed in our country regarding the preservation of cultural heritage sites. In conclusion , he concludes.
Organizations and Institutions of Culture, Physical Education and Sports as Objects of Public Control
Authors:   Dean of the Faculty of Higher Education of the Polytechnic Institute (Branch) of the Don State Technical University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Goncharov Vitaly V. , Petrenko Elena G. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of State and International Law of the Kuban State Agrarian University Named after I.T. Trubilin, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Borisova Anna A. ,   Head of the Department of Humanitarian, Social and Economic Sciences of the Faculty of Higher Education of the Polytechnic Institute (Branch) of the Don State Technical University, PhD (Pedagogy), Associate Professor
Published: June 2024

This article is devoted to the public legal analysis of organizations and institutions of culture, physical culture and sports as objects of public control. The paper substantiates the role and place of the institution of public control in the system of legal guarantees for the implementation, protection and protection of both constitutional principles (first of all, democracy and participation of Russian citizens in the management of state affairs) and the entire system of constitutional human and civil rights and freedoms. The article analyzes the place and role of organizations and institutions of culture, physical culture and sports in the system of objects of public control. The purpose of the scientific research is not only to formalize and analyze the main problems that hinder the organization and implementation of public control measures in relation to organizations and institutions of culture, physical culture and sports, but also to develop, as well as substantiate, a system of measures to resolve these problems.
Migration and Economic Security of Russia
Authors:   Service Manager at an Operations Office of Alfa Bank, JSC, Baboyan Lavrenty M.
Published: June 2024

The article considers the terminological apparatus of the concepts of ‘economic security’, ‘migration’, presents a list of the main documents of the legal framework governing migration processes, as well as processes related to ensuring economic security. Based on the study, the author concluded that there is an interdependence between migration and economic security, formulated a number of problems that affect the assessment of migration processes and the economic security of the state.
Migration Crime Combating: Some Issues
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Economic and Financial Investigations of the Graduate School of Public Audit, Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kameneva Anna N.
Published: June 2024

The process of combating migration crime in the modern political and legal realities of the development of the Russian Federation is of particular relevance, which, among other things, is due to the influx of criminally minded migrants from some states. Thus, develop new approaches and measures to control illegal migration, including to prevent them from committing crimes. At the same time, the reverse side of this problem lies in the fact that an increased flow of migration flows in order to identify criminally minded migrants can cause a public outcry from law-abiding foreigners performing a labor function on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Genocide of the Armenians as a Crime That Violates International Law Provisions (a Historical and Legal Aspect)
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law of the Central Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Voronezh, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Romanenko Elena A.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the fact that political genocide is one of the most serious crimes throughout the entire path of human development. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following task – to present and analyze the stages and manifestations of the policy of cultural genocide carried out by the Young Turks in Western Armenia and other Armenian-populated areas of the Ottoman Empire, and then by the Kemals in the Republic of Armenia.
Criminal Law Protection of Rights to a Trademark under the Laws of Great Britain
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO- University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Alizada Jamil E.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this article is to study the current legal regulation of criminal protection of exclusive rights to a trademark in the UK. In the context of the article, the author also examines a landmark court case that clarified discrepancies in case law.
The Standard of Proof in the Criminal Procedure Within the Framework of Investigation of Highly Profitable Crimes (the Comparative Law Aspect)
Authors:   Prosecutor of the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation, Shataylyuk Ekaterina E.
Published: June 2024

The article considers approaches to the legislative regulation of the standard of proof in criminal proceedings and its practical interpretation in Russia and abroad (in particular, in England, Germany, the USA and France). The author finds that the standard of proof of guilt in domestic criminal proceedings, which requires that all irremovable doubts be resolved in favour of the accused (article 14 (3) of the CPC of the RF), significantly expands the constitutional prescription, which lacks any indication of the necessity of such an evaluation of all (!) irremovable doubts (article 49 of the Constitution of the RF). At the same time, the law does not offer any additional criteria that could help to assess such doubts. Such an approach severely limits the possibilities of proof in complex criminal cases (especially high-profit crimes), where some doubts may always remain, and does not allow for a proper assessment of circumstantial evidence.
The Improvement of the Mechanism of Protection of Municipal Structures against Catastrophes in the Constitutional Law System of the Assurance of National Security of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Research Scientist of the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk Region, Verbitskaya Tatyana V. , Verbitskaya Natalya O. ,   Professor of the Department of Labor Economics and Human Resource Management of the Ural State University of Economics, Doctor of Pedagogy
Published: June 2024

The study is devoted to problem of ensuring the prevention, suppression of disasters and the elimination of their consequences in the municipalities of the Russian Federation. It has been established that disasters, as negative phenomena that cause irreparable damage to fundamental constitutional values, such as life, health and safety of people, the right to protect the environment, also cause large-scale harm to municipalities, up to the termination of their existence, which in turn hinders the full realization of the right to local self-government. As a result, the protection of municipalities from disasters is a key element of the national security system. It has been determined that in order to prevent the destructive nature of disasters for the existence of municipalities, it is necessary to take a set of legal, political and socio-economic measures to restore those values that were damaged by the disaster. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that building effective tripartite federal relations between the Russian Federation, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities will form an effective mechanism for protecting municipalities from disasters.
Some Problems of Contemporary Russian Urbanization and the Role of Local Self-Government Authorities in Their Solution
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Management Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Borisov Aleksandr V. , Korabelnikova Yulia L. ,   Doctoral Student of the Faculty of Training of Research and Academic Personnel of the Management Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: June 2024

Today, the majority of the world's population is living in cities and other urbanized localities. The Russian state is not an exception, as at the present-day stage 3/4 of the population are urban dwellers. An important role in the state is assigned to the main city, the capital, where the supreme government authorities, financial and other resources are concentrated, with maximum opportunities for the development of high-quality and comfortable urban environment created in the capital and outside of it. Government authorities have the greatest opportunities for the development of the state capital. However, local self-government authorities also play a certain role in the development of the main city of the country. With this in mind, the most Russian cities are municipal structures, where the task of raising their attractiveness, competitiveness, safety and comfort is imposed on local self-government authorities as the first element of public government. The importance of implementation of the above lies in ensuring the equal development of cities all over the territory of Russia.
Legal Aspects of the Information and Technological Security in Decartelization of the Russian Economy
Authors:   Associate Professor of the School of Law of the Institute of Public Administration and Civil Service of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), PhD (Economics), Bashlakov-Nikolaev Igor V.
Published: June 2024

Information technology and other aspects of activities to achieve, maintain and implement cartel agreements are considered.
The Role of an Education Loan in the Assurance of Competition between Educational Institutions of Higher Education
Authors:   Degree-Seeking Student of the Department of Entrepreneurial, Competition and Environmental Law of the South Ural State University, Spiridonova Natalia Yu.
Published: June 2024

Competition for students and additional sources of funding is a top priority for higher education organizations Thе article has examined competitive advantages of state-support educational loans for students and higher education institutions and the need to inform potential borrowers about the possibility of obtaining them is emphasized.
Study of the Dynamic Properties of Chaotic Circuits in the Presence of Memristors
Authors: Kareem Zainab S. ,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, University of Thi-Qar, Thi-Qar, Iraq, Husseini Hussein B. Al ,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, University of Thi-Qar, Thi-Qar, Iraq,   College of Education, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq
Published: June 2024

In this paper, the inaugural subject covered is a memristor model with three distinct circuits that is based on a multi-segment linear function. The dynamic behavior of these circuits is then examined in terms of bifurcations, coexisting attractors, and complexity based on various values of the inserted memristor parameters. Several dynamic features of these circuits, such as period-doubling bifurcations, chaotic bursts, and chaotic transients, are revealed via bifurcation analysis. Muthuswamy displays dynamic phenomena with varying beginning circumstances, such as coexisting attractors, multi- stability, and super multi-stability. Furthermore, circuit simulation was employed to confirm the Chua circuit's existence and viability. The purpose of coexistence circuits is to produce attractors capable of altering any state variable's initial value. The benefits of the suggested system, such as controlled attractor number and direction, an easy-to-implement circuit, and rich dynamic behavior, are demonstrated by comparison with other chaotic attractors. Finally, the coexistence of several chaotic attractors and the replacement of the exponential formula with a memristor formula increase the stability of the Colpitts circuit. Simulation results show that the three circuit schemes proposed in this article require less time to achieve full dynamics than other circuit schemes. This feature improves the effectiveness and usability of the proposed circuit strategy in practical applications.
Extreme Rainfall over Iraq for some Cases and its Association with Atmospheric Rivers (ARs)
Authors: AL-Khawaja Ahmed Z. ,   Department of Regional Meteorological training center, Iraqi Meteorological Organization and Seismology, Iraq, Abdul kareem Asraa k. , Bilal Dheyaa A. ,   Department of Atmospheric Science, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq,   Department of Physics, Collage of Education for Pure Science, Thi Qar University, Iraq
Published: June 2024

Heavy rainfall is closely associated with atmospheric rivers (Ars), which are long, narrow bands and ephemeral corridors with significant water vapor flux. Globally, atmospheric rivers (ARs) are the cause of a number of hydroclimatic extremes. Their mechanisms and roles in the Middle East's flooding are not well known. This paper uses a vertically integrated moisture flux transit (IVT) based model to evaluate the relationships between Ars and intense rainfall. We consider two scenarios of heavy precipitation over Iraq in 2023 and 2012. The findings indicate that Ars is responsible for all of Iraq's extreme rainfall occurrences, which occur throughout the rainy season. consequences of the primary sources of ARs in Iraq. Red Sea, north Africa, and Gulf of Aden. For those intense (Ars) traveling through the area, the red sea is an essential supply of moisture.
Inoculation of Fava Bean Plants (Vicia faba L.) with a PGPR Combination Suppresses the Impact of Root-Knot Nematode and Promotes Plant Growth
Authors: L’taief Boulbaba , Alqahtani Wadha , Wissem Hamdi , Elghamdi Houda , Ahmed Sami Ben Haj , Sifi Bouaziz
Published: June 2024

Background: Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a class of beneficial bacteria that colonise the roots of plants and improve projected plant growth through a multivariate process. PGPR application is increasing steadily in the field of agriculture, providing an attractive mechanism to replace pesticides, chemical fertilisers and additional supplements. Methods: In this study, PGPR from rhizospheric soil collected from Abha, a city located in the southern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), were isolated and characterised to facilitate verifying the efficacy of using PGPR as a biological control to improve fava bean growth. Four bacterial isolates from the nodules of fava bean plants, S4, S5, S6 and S17, were isolated and characterised. Consequently, an investigation highlighting the impact of PGPR isolates on the preservation of fava bean plants from the root-knot nematode was conducted through a pot culture experiment. Soil infested with the nematode was added to the pots. Two commercial types of fava bean plants (Vicia faba L.) were co-inoculated with PGPR 15 days after planting. Result: The results reveal that the nodule-forming bacteria interact synergistically; this was evidenced by a prominent increase in the shoot length and dry weight of the fava bean plants that had been cultivated in the nematode-infested soil. The results also demonstrate that the overall treatment of the plants did not lead to nodule formation. The results indicate that nodule-forming bacteria could be utilised in leguminous crops to facilitate biocontrol of the root-knot nematode.
Diving into the Depths of Belladonna: Uncovering the Secrets of the Deadly Nightshade
Authors: Nikandish Mehrasa
Published: June 2024

Tropane alkaloids, such as hyoscyamine and scopolamine, are vital medicinal compounds found in various therapeutic formulations. These alkaloids are synthesized within the roots of specific genera of the Solanaceae family through a complex, partially understood multistep pathway. In efforts to deepen our comprehension of tropane alkaloid biosynthesis, a novel de novo transcriptome assembly was crafted for Deadly Nightshade (Atropa belladonna). A crucial intermediate in the biosynthesis of hyoscyamine and scopolamine is littorine, formed by the condensation of tropine and phenyllactic acid. Phenyllactic acid originates from phenylalanine through transamination to phenylpyruvate. Through transcriptome analysis, a distinct aromatic amino acid aminotransferase (ArAT), designated Ab-ArAT4, was identified. This enzyme coexists with known tropane alkaloid biosynthesis genes in the roots of A. belladonna. Silencing Ab-ArAT4 resulted in diminished synthesis of hyoscyamine and scopolamine due to reduced phenyllactic acid levels. In vitro studies revealed that recombinant Ab-ArAT4 primarily catalyzes the initial step of phenyllactic acid synthesis: the transamination of phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate.
Buried Treasures and Ancient Forges: A Historical Analysis of Mines and Ironworks in the Stilaro Valley
Authors: Fiorenza Elia
Published: June 2024

This study aims to examine in detail the mines and ironworks in the Stilaro valley and the ancient ironworking process that took place there. Until the end of the 19th century, the area comprising the municipalities of Bivongi, Pazzano, Stilo, Fabrizia, Mongiana, and Guardavalle, represented one of the most significant iron and mining centers in southern Italy. This study is based on archaeological, historical, and archival sources to deepen the understanding of such economic and industrial activities that characterized the region. The historical and geological framework of the Stilaro valley provides an overview of the mineral riches and the complex mining and ironworking activities that have taken place over the centuries. Historical evidence, supported by significant findings, suggests an ancient presence of metalworking in the region, with an influence extending to Magna Graecia. The analysis of mines and ironworks reveals a complex dynamic of adaptation and interaction among ancient peoples, whose migration and settlement were influenced by the natural resources and economic opportunities offered by the region. The role of mines and ironworks not only contributed to local economic and industrial development but also shaped the cultural and social landscape of ancient and medieval Calabria. The implementation of conservation and enhancement projects, such as the Ecomuseum of the Ironworks and Foundries of Calabria, underscores the importance of preserving this historical and industrial heritage for future generations.
Enhancing Community Participation at Local Development Projects in Bangladesh: Experience from Union Parishad Governance Project
Authors: Ara Esmat , Seddiky Assraf , Basit Abdul , Khanam Ruba
Published: June 2024

The study aimed to develop an approach for effective community participation in local development projects. Researchers conducted a field study in Sunamgonj district, one of the most vulnerable areas in Bangladesh, and collected information from Union Parishads (UP) chairpersons and members, secretaries, committee members, and local beneficiaries through interviews, and FGDs using purposive sampling and analyzed them employing thematic analysis method. Study findings revealed that although UP is considered as a close- knit community-based organization in terms of the nature of development work and geographic location, yet inclusive decentralization and democratic environment have not been established at the local level institutions for enhancing a meaningful community participation at local level development projects due to outsider interferences, nepotism, lack of knowledge and information, top-down bureaucratic decisions, gender discrimination, and corruption. It is believed that the model of meaningful decentralized participation system would help to mobilize the comprehensive local development process.
The Strategic Role of the Third Mission in Universities A Concrete Case Study
Authors: Rusciano Rosamaria
Published: June 2024

Purpose - In addition to teaching and research, the universities aim to contribute to the development of civil society by promoting the direct application, valorisation and use of knowledge. In reality, it is a widespread and shared opinion that it is no longer enough to carry out research within the university perimeter and publish subsequent works in scientific journals, nor can we be satisfied only with teaching children in university courses. Design/ methodology / approach - The methodology used is qualitative as the research question essentially was: how was the Third Mission (TM) included in the strategic choices of the Universities? In light of the new methods of evaluating universities, how can we highlight what they have done in terms of the third mission? Are organizational solutions possible in the approach to TM? Findings - The objective was to verify what the impact and future development of the Third Mission in the Universities will be. In light of its inclusion among the evaluation criteria of universities and teachers, the third mission represents the new frontier of the future in terms of local and national openness and development, as well as their economic and financial sustainability. To this end, the analysis of a case is proposed, as a best practice, and in particular the case of the Department of Business and Legal Sciences of the University of Calabria is presented. Originality / value – The application and implementation of rules and regulations is always difficult in any case and in any field, let's imagine in public administration and universities, bureaucratically "plastered" and not very inclined to change and innovation, especially regarding performance evaluation.
Evaluation de la Qualité de l’Eau du lac Azili et Risques Sanitaires Associés à sa Consommation dans le Quatrième Arrondissement de la Commune de Zagnanado (Sud Bénin)
Authors: Dovonou Flavien Edia , Adjagodo Antoinette , Gnonlonsa Luc Enangnon , Atchichoe Wilfrid Noudéhouénou , Dansou Sourou Barthélémy
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of the water of Lake Azili as well as the health risks linked to its consumption in the fourth district of Zagnanado. Field surveys were carried out to understand the degree of hygiene and sanitation on the island of Agonvè and possible sources of pollution in the said lake. The sample size (50) was determined according to the method of Schwartz (2002). As for sampling, six sites were essentially sampled taking into account the places most frequented by the population. The physico-chemical analyzes carried out using the spectrophotometer method and the colorimetric method indicate values that do not comply with Beninese standards for drinking water as well as the NQE standard for surface water, thus indicating poor quality of the water resource. Membrane filtration and seeding by incorporation were used as part of the bacteriological analyses, the results of which revealed a high load of total Coliforms (on average 155.33 CFU/Ml) which were thermotolerant (on average 24 CFU/mL) and Escherichia coli (average 39.66). The waters of Lake Azili are therefore polluted from a physicochemical and bacteriological point of view. Improving hygiene and sanitation conditions on the island of Agonvè is crucial for the good health of the population but also for the preservation of this water resource.
A Case Study of Relationship between CO2 Emissions, Growth, Energy and Electricity Consumptions in Morocco
Authors: Kerfal Wafa , El Alaoui Aicha
Published: June 2024

Given the uncontrolled increase in environmental pollution and degradation of environmental quality worldwide, the environmental impact of economic growth has become a major focus in recent decades the most important question is: How does economic growth effect environmental quality? This study addressed this issue, examining the nature of the long-run relationship between economic growth per capita and pollutant emissions in Morocco. For this reason, the ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) modeling approach was used from 1990 to 2020. This approach mainly includes time series analysis and cointegration. The relationship tested introduces four variables: carbon dioxide (CO2), energy consumption per capita, electricity consumption per capita and GDP per capita. The main results indicate a long-term relationship between economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions, indicating that a 1% increase in electricity consumption increases CO2 emissions by 0.36%. On the other hand, a 1% increase in GDP per capita increases CO2 emissions by 0.76%, and a 1% increase in energy consumption increases emissions by 2.06%. Thus, all variables show a significant effect. In conclusion, the strategy that Morocco needs to follow to solve our problems is to prioritize investment in research, development and artificial intelligence, while providing adequate training in energy-related fields.
Modified Bagdonavicius-Nikulin Goodness-of-fit Test Statistic for the Compound Topp Leone Burr XII Model with Various Censored Applications
Authors: Khalil Mohamed G. , Aidi Khaoula , Ali M. Masoom , Butt Nadeem S. , Mohamed Ibrahim  , M. Yousof Haitham
Published: June 2024

The Poisson Topp Leone Burr XII distribution is extensively studied due to its broad relevance in analyzing censored real datasets from engineering, economics, and medicine. In this research, the distribution's versatility is highlighted through the analysis of four specific real datasets. The study compares the Poisson Topp Leone Burr XII distribution with nine extensions of the Burr type XII distribution to determine which offers the best fit for these datasets. To evaluate the goodness-of-fit of the Poisson Topp Leone Burr XII distribution under right censoring, a modified Bagdonavi\v{c}ius-Nikulin goodness-of-fit test statistic is introduced and applied. This new test statistic is utilized to validate the distributional fit for the Poisson Topp Leone Burr XII distribution across the four right-censored datasets. The modified Bagdonavi\v{c}ius-Nikulin test statistic is employed to assess distributional validation, specifically in the context of right censoring. The application of this statistic involves analyzing each of the four censored datasets to confirm the appropriateness of the Poisson Topp Leone Burr XII distribution for these scenarios. Additionally, to support the evaluation of the modified goodness-of-fit test statistic, the Barzilai-Borwein algorithm is utilized. This algorithm is employed within a simulation study to further assess the effectiveness and reliability of the modified Bagdonavi\v{c}ius-Nikulin test statistic, thereby ensuring robust validation of the Poisson Topp Leone Burr XII distribution against the observed real datasets.
Systematic Literature Review on Named Entity Recognition: Approach, Method, and Application
Authors: Warto  , Rustad Supriadi , Shidik Guruh Fajar , Noersasongko Edi , Purwanto  , Muljono  , Setiadi De Rosal Ignatius Moses
Published: June 2024

Named entity recognition (NER) is one of the preprocessing stages in natural language processing (NLP), which functions to detect and classify entities in the corpus. NER results are used in various NLP applications, including sentiment analysis, text summarization, chatbot, machine translation, and question answering. Several previous reviews partially discussed NER, for instance, NER reviews in specific domains, NER classification, and NER deep learning. This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic review on NER topic studies published from 2011 to 2020. The main contribution of this review is to present a comprehensive systematic literature review on NER from preprocessing techniques, datasets, application domains, feature extraction techniques, approaches, methods, and evaluation techniques. The result concludes that the deep learning approach and the Bi-directional long short-term memory with a conditional random field (Bi-LSTM-CRF) method are the most interesting methods among NER researchers. At the same time, medical and health are NER researchers' most popular domains. These developments have also led to an increasing number of public datasets in the medical and health fields. At the end of this review, we recommend some opportunities and challenges for NER research going forward.
E-Bayesian estimation and the corresponding E-MSE under progressive type-II censored data for some characteristics of Weibull distribution
Authors: Shojaee Omid , Zarei Hassan , Naruei Fatemeh
Published: June 2024

Estimating the parameters (or characteristics) of a distribution, from the availability of censored samples, is one of the most important topics in statistical inference over the past decades. This study is concerned about the E-Bayesian estimation method to compute the estimates of the parameter, the hazard rate function and the reliability function of the Weibull distribution when the progressive type-2 censored samples are available. The estimations are obtained based on the Squared error loss function (as a symmetric loss) and General Entropy and LINEX loss functions (as asymmetric losses). In addition, the asymptotic behaviour of the derived E-Bayesian estimators is discussed. Moreover, the E-Bayesian estimators under the different loss functions have been compared through Monte Carlo simulation studies by calculating the E-MSE of the resulting estimators, which is a new measure to compare the E-Bayesian estimators. As an application, we analyzed two real data sets that follow from the Weibull distribution.
Bayesian and Non-Bayesian Estimation for The Parameter of Inverted Topp-Leone Distribution Based on Progressive Type I Censoring
Authors: Muhammed Hiba Z. , Muhammed Essam
Published: June 2024

In this paper, Bayesian and non-Bayesian estimations of the shape parameter of the Inverted Topp-Leone distribution are studied under a progressive Type I censoring scheme. The maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and Bayes estimator (BE) of the unknown parameter under the squared error loss (SEL) function are obtained. Three types of confidence intervals are discussed for the unknown parameter. A simulation study is performed to compare the performances of the proposed methods, and two numerical examples have been analyzed for illustrative purposes.
Temporal regularity of stochastic differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion
Authors: Redjil Amel , Arab Zineb , Ben Gherbal Hanane , Boumezbeur Zakaria
Published: June 2024

This paper is devoted to study the temporal regularity of the solution of stochastic differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion (G-SDEs) under the global Lipschitz and linear growth conditions. In addition, a numerical simulation of a particular G-SDE is provided.
Optimality conditions for (h, φ)-subdifferentiable multiobjective programming problems with G-type I functions
Authors: Antczak Tadeusz , Singh Vinay , Lalmalsawma Solomon
Published: June 2024

In this paper, using generalized algebraic operations introduced by Ben-Tal [7], we introduce new classes of (h,φ)-subdifferentiable functions, called (h,φ)-G-type I functions and generalized (h,φ)-G-type I functions. Then, we consider a class of nonconvex (h, φ)-subdifferentiable multiobjective programming problems with locally Lipschitz functions in which the functions involved belong to aforesaid classes of (h, φ)-subdifferentiable nonconvex functions. For such (h, φ)-subdifferentiable vector optimization problems, we prove the sufficient optimality conditions for a feasible solution to be its (weak) Pareto solution. Further, we define a vector dual problem in the sense of Mond-Weir for the considered (h, φ)-subdifferentiable multiobjective programming problem and we prove several duality theorems for the aforesaid (h, φ)-subdifferentiable vector optimization problems also under (h, φ)-G-type I hypotheses.