bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A descriptive study of percutaneous injuries in National Healthcare Group POLYCLINICS dental clinics in Singapore from 2014 to 2020
Authors: Wong Vivian Yung Yee , Chao Priscilla Jang Shing , Lee Sabrina Poay Sian , Lee Eng Sing , Lang Lily Ren Lee , Koh Holy JR , Low Kenneth Meng Tze
Published: October 2023

Introduction

All dental staff face risk of percutaneous injuries (PCI)s. Blood-borne diseases may be transmitted to staff via contaminated sharp instruments. Hence there are significant impacts on staff when PCIs occur. Though a PCI is an occupational hazard, it is preventable.

Aim

This study aims to identify factors associated with PCIs among dental staff by evaluating the circumstances and staff designations involved.

Methods

PCIs were reported through an electronic incident reporting system from 2014 to 2020. Reports involved their nature and extent. Statistical analysis was carried out to find associations between factors such as injury site, type of instrument and staff designation.

Results

A total of 63 PCIs were included in this study. The type of instrument was found to be significantly associated with staff designation (p = 0.04, p < 0.05) with significantly more dental burs causing injury in dentists and more injuries caused by ‘other instruments’ in health attendants (p = 0.0083). Majority of PCIs occurred in dentists, then dental assistants and health attendants. Staff designation was significantly associated with the instance where PCIs occurred (p < 0.001). Dentists and dental assistants were more likely to sustain injuries during a dental procedure than before procedure and after procedure (p = 0.0167). The mean incidence of PCIs among our dentists was 15.6/100.

Conclusions

All dental staff are at risk of PCIs however dentists sustain the highest number of PCIs. Needles, dental burs and metal matrices are the top three instruments. Targeted interventions might help prevent/reduce PCIs.
Progress in understanding the role of cGAS-STING pathway associated with programmed cell death in intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Wang Zheng , Hu Xinli , Cui Peng , Kong Chao , Chen Xiaolong , Wang Wei , Lu Shibao
Published: October 2023

Nucleus pulposus (NP) inflammatory response can induce intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) by causing anabolic and catabolic disequilibrium of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This process is accompanied by the production of endogenous DNAs, then detectable by the DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). cGAS recognizes these DNAs and activates the downstream adaptor protein, a stimulator of interferon genes (STING), initiating a cascade of inflammation responses through various cytokines. This evidence implies a crucial role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in IVDD. Additionally, it is suggested that this pathway could modulate IVDD progression by regulating apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis. However, a detailed understanding of the role of cGAS-STING pathway in IVDD is still lacking. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in our understanding of the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in modulating inflammatory response in IVDD. We delve into the connection between the cGAS-STING axis and apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis in IVDD. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in IVDD treatment. Overall, this review aims to provide a foundation for future directions in IVDD treatment strategies.
Molecular landscape and functional characterization of centrosome amplification in ovarian cancer
Authors: Sauer Carolin M. , Hall James A. , Couturier Dominique-Laurent , Bradley Thomas , Piskorz Anna M. , Griffiths Jacob , Sawle Ashley , Eldridge Matthew D. , Smith Philip , Hosking Karen , Reinius Marika A. V. , Morrill Gavarró Lena , Mes-Masson Anne-Marie , Ennis Darren , Millan David , Hoyle Aoisha , McNeish Iain A. , Jimenez-Linan Mercedes , Martins Filipe Correia , Tischer Julia , Vias Maria , Brenton James D.
Published: October 2023

High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is characterised by poor outcome and extreme chromosome instability (CIN). Therapies targeting centrosome amplification (CA), a key mediator of chromosome missegregation, may have significant clinical utility in HGSOC. However, the prevalence of CA in HGSOC, its relationship to genomic biomarkers of CIN and its potential impact on therapeutic response have not been defined. Using high-throughput multi-regional microscopy on 287 clinical HGSOC tissues and 73 cell lines models, here we show that CA through centriole overduplication is a highly recurrent and heterogeneous feature of HGSOC and strongly associated with CIN and genome subclonality. Cell-based studies showed that high-prevalence CA is phenocopied in ovarian cancer cell lines, and that high CA is associated with increased multi-treatment resistance; most notably to paclitaxel, the commonest treatment used in HGSOC. CA in HGSOC may therefore present a potential driver of tumour evolution and a powerful biomarker for response to standard-of-care treatment.
Simultaneous bright- and dark-field X-ray microscopy at X-ray free electron lasers
Authors: Dresselhaus-Marais Leora E. , Kozioziemski Bernard , Holstad Theodor S. , Ræder Trygve Magnus , Seaberg Matthew , Nam Daewoong , Kim Sangsoo , Breckling Sean , Choi Sungwook , Chollet Matthieu , Cook Philip K. , Folsom Eric , Galtier Eric , Gonzalez Arnulfo , Gorkhover Tais , Guillet Serge , Haldrup Kristoffer , Howard Marylesa , Katagiri Kento , Kim Seonghan , Kim Sunam , Kim Sungwon , Kim Hyunjung , Knudsen Erik Bergbäck , Kuschel Stephan , Lee Hae Ja , Lin Chuanlong , McWilliams R. Stewart , Nagler Bob , Nielsen Martin Meedom , Ozaki Norimasa , Pal Dayeeta , Pablo Pedro Ricardo , Saunders Alison M. , Schoofs Frank , Sekine Toshimori , Simons Hugh , van Driel Tim , Wang Bihan , Yang Wenge , Yildirim Can , Poulsen Henning Friis , Eggert Jon H.
Published: October 2023

The structures, strain fields, and defect distributions in solid materials underlie the mechanical and physical properties across numerous applications. Many modern microstructural microscopy tools characterize crystal grains, domains and defects required to map lattice distortions or deformation, but are limited to studies of the (near) surface. Generally speaking, such tools cannot probe the structural dynamics in a way that is representative of bulk behavior. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction based imaging has long mapped the deeply embedded structural elements, and with enhanced resolution, dark field X-ray microscopy (DFXM) can now map those features with the requisite nm-resolution. However, these techniques still suffer from the required integration times due to limitations from the source and optics. This work extends DFXM to X-ray free electron lasers, showing how the $$10^{12}$$

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12

photons per pulse available at these sources offer structural characterization down to 100 fs resolution (orders of magnitude faster than current synchrotron images). We introduce the XFEL DFXM setup with simultaneous bright field microscopy to probe density changes within the same volume. This work presents a comprehensive guide to the multi-modal ultrafast high-resolution X-ray microscope that we constructed and tested at two XFELs, and shows initial data demonstrating two timing strategies to study associated reversible or irreversible lattice dynamics.
Management of sunflower charcoal-rot and maize late-wilt diseases using the aqueous extract of vermicompost (vermitea) and environmental-safe biochar derivative (wood vinegar)
Authors: Darwesh Osama M. , Elshahawy Ibrahim E.
Published: October 2023

In Egypt, sunflower charcoal-rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina and maize late-wilt caused by Magnaporthiopsis maydis are the most prevalent, and can lead to huge yield losses of both crops under epidemic conditions. In this study, the potential use of vermitea and wood vinegar for management of both diseases was investigated. Data revealed that, among the 17 bacterial strains obtained from vermitea, three strains named VCB-2, VCB-7 and VCB-11 were chosen for having the greatest in vitro inhibitory effect against M. phaseolina and M. maydis, with fungal inhibition values of 54.2; 61.7, 65.2; 74.0 and 57.1; 87.0% against both pathogens, respectively. These strains were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Serratia marcescens and Bacillus velezensis, respectively. Wood vinegar significantly reduced the colony diameter of M. phaseolina and M. maydis in in vitro trials conducted on potato dextrose agar medium amended with the desired concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5%. The efficiency increased with increasing wood vinegar concentration, and 2.0% was the most effective (100% suppression). Data from greenhouse experiments showed that the application of vermitea or wood vinegar tended to decrease the incidence (% dead plants) of sunflower charcoal-rot (by 61.1 and 66.7%) and maize late-wilt (by 70.6%). These treatments had positive impacts on the plant growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments and antioxidative enzymes of sunflower and maize plants. Data from field experiments showed that the application of vermitea or wood vinegar decreased the incidence of charcoal-rot (by 72.8 and 72.0%) and late-wilt (by 88.7 and 87.0%) as well as increased the production sunflower and maize plants.
A melting pot of Roman dogs north of the Alps with high phenotypic and genetic diversity and similar diets
Authors: Granado José , Susat Julian , Gerling Claudia , Schernig-Mráz Monika , Schlumbaum Angela , Deschler-Erb Sabine , Krause-Kyora Ben
Published: October 2023

Several dog skeletons were excavated at the Roman town of Augusta Raurica and at the military camp of Vindonissa, located in the northern Alpine region of Switzerland (Germania Superior). The relationships between them and the people, the nature of their lives, and the circumstances of their deaths are unclear. In order to gain insight into this dog population, we collected 31 dogs deposited almost simultaneously in two wells (second half of the third century CE), three dogs from burial contexts (70–200 CE and third to fifth century CE) at Augusta Raurica, and two dogs from burial contexts at Vindonissa (ca. first century CE). We detected a mixed population of young and adult dogs including small, medium and large sized individuals. Three small dogs had conspicuous phenotypes: abnormally short legs, and one with a brachycephalic skull. Stable isotope analysis of a subset of the dogs showed that their diets were omnivorous with a substantial input of animal proteins and little variation, except one with a particularly low δ15N value, indicating a diet low in animal proteins. Partial mitochondrial DNA sequences from 25 dogs revealed eight haplotypes within canine haplogroup A (11 dogs; 44%; 5 haplotypes), C (8 dogs; 32%; 1 haplotype), D (4 dogs, 16%; 1 haplotype) and B (2 dogs, 8%; 1 haplotype). Based on shotgun sequencing, four Roman mitogenomes were assembled, representing sub-haplogroups A1b3, A1b2 and C2. No canine pathogens were identified, weakening the assumption of infectious disease as a cause for dog disposal. The genetic and morphological diversity observed in dogs of Augusta Raurica and Vindonissa is similar to modern dog diversity.
Effects of digital transformation and environmental resource integration capability on medical equipment suppliers’ green innovation performance
Authors: Wu Qiong , Wang Shihan , Zhou Anning , Xia Bing , Abruquah Lucille Aba , Chen Zhen
Published: October 2023

In today’s digital age, the effort of medical enterprises towards green innovation has gained traction in academic and business circles. However, the current research system for medical equipment suppliers lacks a systematic study on how digital transformation can enhance the outcomes of green innovation. This research aims to develop a theoretical framework for digital transformation, environmental resource integration capability, managerial environmental concern and green innovation performance with respect to the resource-based view and conducting empirical analysis using survey data from medical equipment supply enterprises. Our findings reveal that digital transformation has a significant effect on the promotion of green innovation performance through environmental resource integration capability. Moreover, the managerial environmental concern moderates above mediation effect. These findings not only provide compelling insights into the impact of digital transformation on green innovation performance but also have important implications for sustainable development and cleaner production relevant academic research and policy-making.
Cluster of lifestyle risk factors for stomach cancer and screening behaviors among Korean adults
Authors: Trinh Thao Thi Kim , Lee Kyeongmin , Oh Jin-Kyoung , Suh Mina , Jun Jae Kwan , Choi Kui Son
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to investigate clustering patterns of lifestyle risk factors for stomach cancer and examine the association of risk factor clusters with stomach cancer screening adherence. Data from the 2019 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, an annual cross-sectional nationwide survey, were used. The study population included 3539 adults aged 40–74 years with no history of cancer. Six stomach cancer risk factors, including smoking, drinking, physical inactivity, obesity, meat intake, and salted food intake, as well as stomach cancer screening behaviors, were assessed. The most frequent risk factor for stomach cancer was physical inactivity, followed by smoking in males and high salted food intake in females. Compared with participants subjects with no risk factors, those with three or more risk factors were less likely to adhere to screening guidelines (males: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23–0.53; females: aOR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.21–0.48). Our findings indicate a disparity in stomach cancer screening, such that those with more risk factors are less likely to get screened. Increasing public awareness, providing behavioral counseling, and targeting high-risk populations for screening interventions are critical for promoting cancer screening adherence and reducing the disparity in cancer screening.
Untargeted metabolomics analysis on kidney tissues from mice reveals potential hypoxia biomarkers
Authors: Sajid Muhammad Imran , Nunez Francisco J. , Amirrad Farideh , Roosan Moom Rahman , Vojtko Tom , McCulloch Scott , Alachkar Amal , Nauli Surya M.
Published: October 2023

Chronic hypoxia may have a huge impact on the cardiovascular and renal systems. Advancements in microscopy, metabolomics, and bioinformatics provide opportunities to identify new biomarkers. In this study, we aimed at elucidating the metabolic alterations in kidney tissues induced by chronic hypoxia using untargeted metabolomic analyses. Reverse phase ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy (RP–UPLC–MS/MS) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)–UPLC–MS/MS methods with positive and negative ion mode electrospray ionization were used for metabolic profiling. The metabolomic profiling revealed an increase in metabolites related to carnitine synthesis and purine metabolism. Additionally, there was a notable increase in bilirubin. Heme, N-acetyl-l-aspartic acid, thyroxine, and 3-beta-Hydroxy-5-cholestenoate were found to be significantly downregulated. 3-beta-Hydroxy-5-cholestenoate was downregulated more significantly in male than female kidneys. Trichome Staining also showed remarkable kidney fibrosis in mice subjected to chronic hypoxia. Our study offers potential intracellular metabolite signatures for hypoxic kidneys.
Lifetime estimation of thin-film transistors in organic emitting diode display panels with compensation
Authors: Park Jingyu , Choi Sungju , Kim Changwook , Shin Hong Jae , Jeong Yun Sik , Bae Jong Uk , Oh Saeroonter , Kim Dae Hwan
Published: October 2023

Oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors (TFTs) are used in the pixel array and gate driver circuits of organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panels. Long-term reliability characteristics of the TFTs are a barometer of the lifetime of OLED display panels. The long-term reliability of the driver TFTs is evaluated in a short time under high voltages and high temperature for an accelerated degradation test. If reliability parameters from the power law or stretched-exponential functions are the same for individual devices and devices in an operating panel, the lifetime of the panel can be accurately estimated. However, since compensation circuits are designed into operating panels, an environmental discrepancy exists between the accelerated test of single devices and the operation of devices in the panel. Herein, we propose a novel compensation stretched-exponential function (CSEF) model which captures the effect of the threshold voltage compensation circuit in the panel. The CSEF model not only bridges the discrepancy between individual devices and panel devices, but also provides a method to accurately and efficiently estimate the long-term lifetime of all display panels that utilize compensation circuits.
No evidence from a negative mood induction fMRI task for frontal functional asymmetry as a suitable neurofeedback target
Authors: Zhang Jingying , Zamoscik Vera Eva , Kirsch Peter , Gerchen Martin Fungisai
Published: October 2023

Frontal functional asymmetry (FA) has been proposed as a potential target for neurofeedback (NFB) training for mental disorders but most FA NFB studies used electroencephalography while the investigations of FA NFB in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are rather limited. In this study, we aimed at identifying functional asymmetry effects in fMRI and exploring its potential as a target for fMRI NFB studies by re-analyzing an existing data set containing a resting state measurement and a sad mood induction task of n = 30 participants with remitted major depressive disorder and n = 30 matched healthy controls. We applied low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), fractional ALFF, and regional homogeneity and estimated functional asymmetry in both a voxel-wise and regional manner. We assessed functional asymmetry during rest and negative mood induction as well as functional asymmetry changes between the phases, and associated the induced mood change with the change in functional asymmetry. Analyses were conducted within as well as between groups. Despite extensive analyses, we identified only very limited effects. While some tests showed nominal significance, our results did not contain any clear identifiable patterns of effects that would be expected if a true underlying effect would be present. In conclusion, we do not find evidence for FA effects related to negative mood in fMRI, which questions the usefulness of FA measures for real-time fMRI neurofeedback as a treatment approach for affective disorders.
A radiomics model based on magnetic resonance imaging to predict cytokeratin 7/19 expression and liver fluke infection of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Jun-Qi , Wang Jing , Huang Xia-Ling , Liang Tian-Yi , Zhou Xin , Mo Shu-Tian , Xie Hai-Xiang , Yang Ke-Jian , Zhu Guang-Zhi , Su Hao , Liao Xi-Wen , Long Li-Ling , Peng Tao
Published: October 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. HCC with liver fluke infection could harbor unique biological behaviors. This study was aimed at investigating radiomics features of HCC with liver fluke infection and establishing a model to predict the expression of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) as well as prognosis at the same time. A total of 134 HCC patients were included. Gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of all patients were acquired. Radiomics features of the tumor were extracted and then data dimensionality was reduced. The radiomics model was established to predict liver fluke infection and the radiomics score (Radscore) was calculated. There were 11 features in the four-phase combined model. The efficiency of the combined model increased significantly compared to each single-phase MRI model. Radscore was an independent predictor of liver fluke infection. It was also significantly different between different expression of CK7/ CK19. Meanwhile, liver fluke infection was associated with CK7/CK19 expression. A cut-off value was set up and all patients were divided into high risk and low risk groups of CK7/CK19 positive expression. Radscore was also an independent predictor of these two biomarkers. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) of negative liver fluke infection group were significantly better than the positive group. OS and RFS of negative CK7 and CK19 expression were also better, though not significantly. Positive liver fluke infection and CK19 expression prediction groups harbored significantly worse OS and RFS, survival of positive CK7 expression prediction was unsatisfying as well. A radiomics model was established to predict liver fluke infection among HCC patients. This model could also predict CK7 and CK19 expression. OS and RFS could be foreseen by this model at the same time.
Systematic-error suppression in low-coherence Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry
Authors: Otsubo Kenta , Zhu Guangtao , Kiyozumi Takaki , Noda Kohei , Nakamura Kentaro , Lee Heeyoung , Mizuno Yosuke
Published: October 2023

Brillouin optical correlation-domain analysis (BOCDA) utilizing low-coherence light sources offers high-resolution distributed strain and temperature sensing. However, conventional BOCDA requires dual-end injection of pump and probe light into the sensing fiber. To overcome this limitation, low-coherence Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry (BOCDR) based on spontaneous Brillouin scattering has emerged, enabling single-end light injection. While a pilot demonstration has shown a spatial resolution of 19 cm, a comparison of its measurement accuracy with standard BOCDR systems is yet to be explored. This study presents a distributed measurement with ~ 3 cm spatial resolution and demonstrates that low-coherence BOCDR eliminates systematic errors caused by direct sinusoidal modulation, offering enhanced measurement precision.
A supervised learning regression method for the analysis of oral sensitivity of healthy individuals and patients with chemosensory loss
Authors: Naciri Lala Chaimae , Mastinu Mariano , Melis Melania , Green Tomer , Wolf Anne , Hummel Thomas , Barbarossa Iole Tomassini
Published: October 2023

The gustatory, olfactory, and trigeminal systems are anatomically separated. However, they interact cognitively to give rise to oral perception, which can significantly affect health and quality of life. We built a Supervised Learning (SL) regression model that, exploiting participants’ features, was capable of automatically analyzing with high precision the self-ratings of oral sensitivity of healthy participants and patients with chemosensory loss, determining the contribution of its components: gustatory, olfactory, and trigeminal. CatBoost regressor provided predicted values of the self-rated oral sensitivity close to experimental values. Patients showed lower predicted values of oral sensitivity, lower scores for measured taste, spiciness, astringency, and smell sensitivity, higher BMI, and lower levels of well-being. CatBoost regressor defined the impact of the single components of oral perception in the two groups. The trigeminal component was the most significant, though astringency and spiciness provided similar contributions in controls, while astringency was most important in patients. Taste was more important in controls while smell was the least important in both groups. Identifying the significance of the oral perception components and the differences between the two groups provide important information to allow for more targeted examinations supporting both patients and healthcare professionals in clinical practice.
Predicting acute pancreatitis severity with enhanced computed tomography scans using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Liang Hongyin , Wang Meng , Wen Yi , Du Feizhou , Jiang Li , Geng Xuelong , Tang Lijun , Yan Hongtao
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to evaluate acute pancreatitis (AP) severity using convolutional neural network (CNN) models with enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans. Three-dimensional DenseNet CNN models were developed and trained using the enhanced CT scans labeled with two severity assessment methods: the computed tomography severity index (CTSI) and Atlanta classification. Each labeling method was used independently for model training and validation. Model performance was evaluated using confusion matrices, areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC), accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and respective macro-average metrics. A total of 1,798 enhanced CT scans met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. The dataset was randomly divided into a training dataset (n = 1618) and a test dataset (n = 180) with a ratio of 9:1. The DenseNet model demonstrated promising predictions for both CTSI and Atlanta classification-labeled CT scans, with accuracy greater than 0.7 and AUC-ROC greater than 0.8. Specifically, when trained with CT scans labeled using CTSI, the DenseNet model achieved good performance, with a macro-average F1 score of 0.835 and a macro-average AUC-ROC of 0.980. The findings of this study affirm the feasibility of employing CNN models to predict the severity of AP using enhanced CT scans.
Cultural distances between home and host countries inspire sojourners to engage in intercultural exchange upon repatriation
Authors: Zou Xi , Wang Dan J. , Wildschut Tim , Sedikides Constantine , Cable Dan
Published: October 2023

We examine how cultural distance between sojourners’ country of origin and their host country influences their engagement in intercultural exchange upon return. One might expect intercultural exchange to be much harder between culturally-distant countries than culturally-close ones, given that the former vary more in norms or expected behaviors from one’s home country. Our novel theorizing, however, leads to precisely the opposite expectations. In particular, we hypothesized that cultural distance between the repatriates’ home and host countries would be positively associated with being inspired by the host culture. In turn, this heightened inspiration would predict an increased sharing of knowledge about the host culture upon returning home (intercultural exchange). We combined measurement-of-mediation (Study 1) and experimental-causal-chain (Studies 2–3) approaches to test and confirm these hypotheses in three large samples of repatriates. We first examined whether cultural distance predicted greater intercultural exchange via repatriates’ heightened inspiration (Study 1). We then tested the individual links in this postulated causal chain. In Study 2, a quasi-experiment, we examined the causal path from cultural distance to inspiration. In Study 3, we experimentally manipulated inspiration to test its causal effect on intercultural exchange. The findings advance theory and application around multicultural experience and intercultural exchange.
Enhancing CO2 adsorption capacity of ZIF-8 by synergetic effect of high pressure and temperature
Authors: Jiang Shan , Liu Jingyan , Guan Jiwen , Du Xin , Chen Shoushun , Song Yang , Huang Yining
Published: October 2023

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are promising porous materials for adsorption and storage of greenhouse gases, especially CO2. In this study, guided by the CO2 phase diagram, we explore the adsorption behavior of solid CO2 loaded with ZIF-8 framework by heating the sample under high pressures, resulting in a drastic improvement in the CO2 uptake. The behavior of CO2 under simultaneous high temperature (T) and pressure (P) conditions is directly monitored by in situ FTIR spectroscopy. The remarkable enhancement in CO2 adsorption capability observed can be attributed to the synergetic effect of high T and P: high temperature greatly enhances the transport property of solid CO2 by facilitating its diffusion into the framework; high pressure effectively modifies the pore size and shape via changing the linker orientation and creating new adsorption sites within ZIF-8. Our study thus provides important new insights into the tunability and enhancement of CO2 adsorptive capability in MOFs/ZIFs using pressure and temperature combined as a synergetic approach.
A critical re-evaluation of the slope factor of the operational model of agonism: When to exponentiate operational efficacy
Authors: Randáková Alena , Nelic Dominik , Jakubík Jan
Published: October 2023

Agonist efficacy denoting the “strength” of agonist action is a cornerstone in the proper assessment of agonist selectivity and signalling bias. The simulation models are very accurate but complex and hard to fit experimental data. The parsimonious operational model of agonism (OMA) has become successful in the determination of agonist efficacies and ranking them. In 1983, Black and Leff introduced the slope factor to the OMA to make it more flexible and allow for fitting steep as well as flat concentration–response curves. First, we performed a functional analysis to indicate the potential pitfalls of the OMA. Namely, exponentiation of operational efficacy may break relationships among the OMA parameters. The fitting of the Black & Leff equation to the theoretical curves of several models of functional responses and the experimental data confirmed the fickleness of the exponentiation of operational efficacy affecting estimates of operational efficacy as well as other OMA parameters. In contrast, fitting The OMA based on the Hill equation to the same data led to better estimates of model parameters. In conclusion, Hill equation-based OMA should be preferred over the Black & Leff equation when functional-response curves differ in the slope factor. Otherwise, the Black & Leff equation should be used with extreme caution acknowledging potential pitfalls.
Forecasting the future of artificial intelligence with machine learning-based link prediction in an exponentially growing knowledge network
Authors: Krenn Mario , Buffoni Lorenzo , Coutinho Bruno , Eppel Sagi , Foster Jacob Gates , Gritsevskiy Andrew , Lee Harlin , Lu Yichao , Moutinho João P. , Sanjabi Nima , Sonthalia Rishi , Tran Ngoc Mai , Valente Francisco , Xie Yangxinyu , Yu Rose , Kopp Michael
Published: October 2023

A tool that could suggest new personalized research directions and ideas by taking insights from the scientific literature could profoundly accelerate the progress of science. A field that might benefit from such an approach is artificial intelligence (AI) research, where the number of scientific publications has been growing exponentially over recent years, making it challenging for human researchers to keep track of the progress. Here we use AI techniques to predict the future research directions of AI itself. We introduce a graph-based benchmark based on real-world data—the Science4Cast benchmark, which aims to predict the future state of an evolving semantic network of AI. For that, we use more than 143,000 research papers and build up a knowledge network with more than 64,000 concept nodes. We then present ten diverse methods to tackle this task, ranging from pure statistical to pure learning methods. Surprisingly, the most powerful methods use a carefully curated set of network features, rather than an end-to-end AI approach. These results indicate a great potential that can be unleashed for purely ML approaches without human knowledge. Ultimately, better predictions of new future research directions will be a crucial component of more advanced research suggestion tools.
A well-dispersed OV-NiCo2O4 nanosphere modified separator for Li–S batteries
Authors: Gao Yumeng , Liu Siyu , Zhang Jiudi , Chen Xiaoyang , Han Bing , Wang Yali , Guo Jianhua , Jin Zhanshuang , Li Junjie , Meng Xudong
Published: October 2023

Ov-NiCo2O4 synthesized in this study as a modifying material for lithium–sulfur battery separators enhances the catalytic conversion of LiPSs, which ultimately exhibits excellent electrochemical performance.
Toxicology and safety research of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based thermosensitive nanogels
Authors: Li Han , Sun Haixia , Liu Yuyu , Yuan Binghan , Hu Jingyuan , Jiang Yunzhe , Li Qingkai , Cao Suilan , Liu Hong , Xiao Baiquan , Shi Peng , Yang Xiangliang , Wang Shaobin , Zhao Yongsheng
Published: October 2023

The embolic agent based on PNIPAM thermosensitive nanogels exhibited excellent biocompatibility and demonstrated long-term, precise embolization ability.
The state of understanding of the electrochemical behaviours of a valve-regulated lead–acid battery comprising manganese dioxide-impregnated gel polymer electrolyte
Authors: Chikkatti Bipin S. , Sajjan Ashok M. , Banapurmath Nagaraj R.
Published: October 2023

Gel electrolyte plays a vital role in the valve-regulated lead acid battery.
Long-term physical inactivity induces significant changes in biochemical pathways related to metabolism of proteins and glycerophospholipids in mice
Authors: Sahu Bijayashree , Pani Sunil , Swalsingh Gourabamani , Senapati Unmod , Pani Punyadhara , Pati Benudhara , Rout Subhasmita , Trivedi Rimjhim , Raj Ritu , Dey Suchanda , Jeet Amar , Kumar Dinesh , Bal Naresh C.
Published: October 2023

Sedentary lifestyle alters circulatory metabolite and cytokine levels, impacting phospholipid and amino acid metabolism, while long-term exercise can reverse these effects; shedding light on the role of circulatory molecules in substrate utilization.
Ferrocene catalyzed carbohydroxylation of alkenes using H2O and cycloketone oxime esters
Authors: Ajmeera Sriram , Golagani Durga , Akondi Srirama Murthy
Published: October 2023

A ferrocene catalyzed direct carbohydroxylation of aryl alkenes using cycloketone oxime esters and H2O has been reported.
Bulk depolymerization of graft polymers based on trans-cyclobutane-fused cyclooctene
Authors: Wang Zeyu , Wang Junpeng
Published: October 2023

Graft polymers with various sidechain lengths and grafting densities are prepared using trans-cyclobutane-fused cyclooctene macromonomers; the solvent-free depolymerization of these graft polymers in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst is studied.
Molecular dynamics simulation of the amorphous graphite-like membrane deposited on ideal graphite substrate
Authors: Xiaoguo Cao , Dongcai Li , Zhiwei Hong , Fengjun Zhang , Xinjun Zhang
Published: October 2023

To understand the growth mechanism of pyrolytic graphite on ideal graphite substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), the process simulated by molecular dynamics is performed.
Catalytic synthesis of renewable phenol derivatives from biobased furanic derivatives
Authors: Ratier Adrien , Moulandou-Koumba Richail D. , Anizan Mélanie , Behloul Sarah , Guegan Fréderic , Frapper Gilles , Remaury Quentin Blancart , De Oliveira Vigier Karine , Zheng Jianxia , Jérôme François
Published: October 2023

Here, we study a sequence Diels–Alder/aromatization reaction between biobased furanic derivatives and alkynes, paving the way to renewable phenols.
Designing complex Pb3SBrxI4−x chalcohalides: tunable emission semiconductors through halide-mixing
Authors: Roth Alison N. , Chen Yunhua , Santhiran Anuluxan , Opare-Addo Jemima , Gi Eunbyeol , Smith Emily A. , Rossini Aaron J. , Vela Javier
Published: October 2023

Quaternary chalcohalides, Pb3SBrxI4−x (1 ≤ x ≤ 3), exhibit tunable photoluminescence emission through halide-mixing with variable amounts of Br− and I− anions in their structure.
Transient co-assemblies of micron-scale colloids regulated by ATP-fueled reaction networks
Authors: Sharma Charu , Sarkar Aritra , Walther Andreas
Published: October 2023

An ATP-fueled DNA based enzymatic reaction network regulates transient co-assemblies of micron-scale colloids. The system produces minimal waste, shows ATP-dependent behavior, and can be reactivated for up to three consecutive cycles.
Cooperative dihydrogen activation with unsupported uranium–metal bonds and characterization of a terminal U(iv) hydride
Authors: Ward Robert J. , Rungthanaphatsophon Pokpong , Huang Patrick , Kelley Steven P. , Walensky Justin R.
Published: October 2023

The cooperation between U(iii) and Al(i) centres leads to dihydrogen reduction.
A photocrosslinked methacrylated carboxymethyl chitosan/oxidized locust bean gum double network hydrogel for cartilage repair
Authors: Cheng Can , Peng Xu , Luo Yihao , Shi Shubin , Wang Ling , Wang Yuhang , Yu Xixun
Published: October 2023

Studies in vivo demonstrated that the MCOAC hydrogel exhibited superior performance in promoting cartilage tissue growth in articular cartilage defects. The MCOAC hydrogel is a promising cartilage repair hydrogel with potential for clinical use.
Unravelling the atomic mechanisms of tetrahedral doping in chalcogenide glass for electrical switching materials
Authors: Gu Rongchuan , Xu Meng , Liu Yongpeng , Shen Yinghua , Qiao Chong , Wang Cai-Zhuang , Ho Kai-Ming , Wang Songyou , Xu Ming , Miao Xiangshui
Published: October 2023

This study highlights the crucial role of Si doping in OTS materials by revealing the atomic mechanisms of Si doping that result in high thermal stability, enhanced endurance, and reduced Vth drift in a-GeSiSe materials for ovonic threshold switching (OTS) through first-principles calculations.
Effectiveness of Mycorrhiza to the Growth and Essential Oil Content of Eucalyptus citriodora seedling
Authors: Trisilawati O , Darwati I , Kuntyastuti H , Garvita R Vitri , Fidiyawati E
Published: October 2023

Eucalyptus citriodora is one of the forest plant produced essential oil which contains various beneficial chemical compounds, including 1,8-cineol. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) is a biofertilizer widely used to increase biomass and bioactive content in cultivated plants. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of an AMF consortium on the growth, biomass yield, and 1,8-cineol content of E. citriodora seedlings. Research was conducted six months, in the greenhouse of Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institut (ISMCRI), Bogor, by using randomized complete block design, with six types of inoculum treatments and four replications. The AMF consortium inoculum were explored from various acidity land under several stand of plants, namely consortium inoculum of M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5. The result showed that AMF inoculum treatments had positive effect to the growth (plant height, number of leaves and branch) and weight of leaf, stem and root of E. citriodora. The oil, citronellal and 1.8 cineole content of Eucalyptus sp leaves were increased by the application of AMF. The highest oil content, citronellal and 1.8 cineole content of E. citriodora leaf were resulted from M4 consortium application, were 2.38%, 76.07%, 0.52% respectivelly. M4 consortium application showed the highest effectivenesss to the E. citriodora.
Phenotypic of Varieties Chrysanthemum in Lowland Area Cultivation
Authors: Kurniati R , Suryawati  , Utami D W , Siregar H M , Mulyono J , Susilowati M , Darwati I , Nurcholis W , Widura A , Sanjaya L , Agustiansyah  , Supenti  , Syafarina R
Published: October 2023

The Chrysanthemum is a subtropical ornamental plant that is usually grown in highland areas. Indonesia is a tropical area consisting of highland and lowland areas. Chrysanthemum was growing well in highland areas in Indonesia but was not cultivated yet in lowland areas. The research objectives were to evaluate the phenotype of Chrysanthemum varieties in vegetative stadia and assess the survival abilities of the Chrysanthemum varieties in the low area. Four varieties were evaluated and assessed to be cultivated in lowland areas (187.6 meters above sea level). They were Jayani, Sabiya, Swarna Kencana, and Trissa varieties. The experimental design was using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), which consisted of 4 replications, with each replication consisting of 4 varieties, and each variety consisting of 20 plants. The parameters observed were the plant height (cm), number of leaves, leaves width (cm), leaves length (cm), total number of nodes, and internode length (cm). All varieties were adapted and grew well in the lowland area. There were many differences in morphological and quantitative characters in vegetative stadia. Chrysanthemum cv. Swarna Kencana showed the highest plant height in a low area. These varieties also showed the highest survival ability in the lowland area. Swarna Kencana was the Yellow Orange group as consumer preference. It was suggested that chrysanthemums be adapted in the lowland area. The implication of the research was Swarna Kencana could be a genetic resource and germplasm for breeding materials.
Weed Extract of Ageratum conyzoides and Chromolaena odorata to Suppress Weed Growth in the Edamame Cultivation
Authors: Kertagosa S S , Hardiastuti S , Rizal-AZ A
Published: October 2023

Allelochemicals are alternatives for reducing chemical herbicide applications. These are plant-based compounds with phytogrowth-inhibitory activities. Allelochemicals can be found in several plant species, including Ageratum conyzoides (Ac) and Chromolaena odorata (Co). This study aimed to investigate the effects of aqueous crude extract of A. conyzoides and C. odorata, known as weed extracts, at various concentrations to suppress weeds in edamame cultivation. The experiment was conducted at the experimental field in Cangapan, Jetis, Bantul, Indonesia and carried out during the period of July to October 2022. This study employed Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) model, which consisted of 9 treatments and 3 repetitions, i.e., Ac 15%, Ac 30%, Co 15%, Co 30%, Ac 7.5% + Co 7.5%, Ac 7.5% + Co 15%, Ac 15% + Co 7.5%, Ac 15% + Co 15%, and control. The collected data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and Tukey’s test at the 5% level. This study has shown that weed extract suppresses weed growth with the best application at Ac 15% + Co 15%, with 43.63% efficiency. Weed extract application also shows slight injuries on edamame leaves. However, there is no decreased in chlorophyll content due to the tolerance ability of edamame to allelochemicals.
New Potato Varieties (Solanum Tuberosum L.) as Raw Material for Chips and Frech Fries
Authors: Asgar Ali , Subandrio  , Astuti  , Handayani Tri
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of raw material of potato for chips and french fries from various prospective varieties and shelf life in the room temperature. The research was conducted with an experimental method using a non-factorial in randomized block design with one treatment factors, each of which was repeated 3 times. The treatment was the potato variety consisting of seven new high-yielding variety candidates namely : a1 = clone 41, a2 = clone 16, a3 = clone 17, a4 = clone 09, a5 = Atlantik, a6 = Medians, a7 = AR-08 variety. These potato clones had different characteristics in specific gravity, dry matter, reducing sugar, moisture, starch, content, color, taste, crispyness and appearance of the resulting french fries. The best clones for potato chips and french fries were clone 16, atlantic, medians and AR-08. These clones can be used as raw material for the potato chips and french fries industry.
The Influence of Drying Temperature to The Physicochemical, Thermal and Rheological Characteristics of Dried Tomato Powder
Authors: Indrianti N , Sejati I D , Afifah N , Ratnawati L , Putri S K D F A , Sukarta D , Amanto B S
Published: October 2023

Tomatoes are both nutritious and inexpensive, but due to their high moisture content, they are more readily damaged. Converting tomatoes into powder is a useful option for reducing post-harvest losses and enhancing tomatoes shelf life. Foam mat drying is a cost-effective way of drying tomatoes while maintaining quality. In this study, we observed into the physicochemical, thermal, and rheological characteristics of tomato powder as influenced by different temperatures for drying (50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C). The result observed that moisture content, water activity (aw), hygroscopicity, water absorption index (WAI) and color decreased, however water solubility index (WSI) tendency to rise as drying temperature increased. Thermal research revealed that raising the drying temperature reduced the weight loss of tomato powder. The peak temperature shifted to a higher temperature as the drying temperature increased. For the rheological behavior, different drying temperature influenced on the viscosity and shear stress of tomato powder. A drying temperature of 70°C was discovered to be the optimal treatment for producing tomato powder with the following characteristics: moisture content (4.65%), aw (0.24), hygroscopicity (4.28%), WSI (79.62%), WAI (252.77%), L value (53.45), a value (15.84), and b value (8.77).
Efficacy of Extracts of Garlic (Allium Sativum) and Neem Leaves (Azadirachta Indica) Against Liriomyza Spp.
Authors: Kristianto Sharon SP , Brotodjojo RR Rukmowati , Solichah Chimayatus , Lakatos Laszlo
Published: October 2023

Lettuce is one of leafy vegetables that has high economic value. Infestation of Liriomyza spp. on lettuce leaves (Lactuca sativa L.) could reduce its quality significantly. This research aimed to study the effectiveness of garlic and neem leaves extract to control Liriomyza spp. Lettuce was cultivated in Nutrient Film Tecnique (NFT) hydroponic system. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 9 various concentration of garlic and neem leaves extract, i.e., 15% garlic extract + 15% neem leaves extract, 15% garlic extract + 30% neem leaves extract, 15% garlic extract + 45% neem leaves extract, 30% garlic extract + 15% neem leaves extract, 30% garlic extract + 30% neem leaves extract, 30% Garlic extract + 45% neem leaves extract, 45% garlic extract + 15% neem leaves extract, 45% garlic extract + 30% neem leaves extract, 45% garlic extract + 45% neem leaves extract, and control (water). The results showed that the concentration of 45% garlic extract + 45% neem leaves extract resulted in 100% mortality of Liriomyza spp. imago, the damage intensity of 26.3%, leaves number of 11, plant height of 28.53 cm, fresh weight of 149.67 g and economic weight of 139.67 g. Application of botanical pesticide with concentration 45% garlic extract + 45% neem leaves extract could control Liriomyza spp. infestation in hydroponic lettuce plants.
Make a 5 Keyword, The Application of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (Betaine-Glycerol) for Isolating Glucomannan from Porang Flour (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume)
Authors: Afifaha N , K  , Krisanti E A , Purwanto W W , Sarifudin A
Published: October 2023

Porang tuber (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) contains a high amount of glucomannan, an indigestible dietary fiber. Glucomannan is generally isolated using ethanol. To overcome competition with food and feed in the production of bioethanol, it is proposed to use Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) for isolating glucomannan. This study evaluated the application of NADES and ethanol to isolate glucomannan from porang flour. The NADES was prepared by mixing betaine and glycerol in different mole ratios. (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3). The result showed that the obtained glucomannan flour ranged from 74.36% to 77.40%. Results indicated that the glucomannan content of glucomannan flour isolated by NADES was lower than that of ethanol. However, glucomannan flour isolated by NADES showed brighter color than that produced by ethanol. The rheological result indicated that the gel of glucomannan flour (1% w/v in water) exhibited pseudoplastic behavior. NADES (betaine and glycerol with a mole ratio of 1:2) was found to be the most effective formula to isolate glucomannan from porang flour compared to the other mole ratios with glucomannan content, viscosity, and whiteness index of 86.78% (dry base), 17,680 cP, and 75.62, respectively.