bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations on female fertility among Chinese women: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Ruichen , Ma Yuhua , Zhao Jing
Published: May 2023

Purpose:It is still inconsistent whether the mutations of BRCAs could reduce the female fertility by increasing the prevalence of breast and ovarian cancer. So we focus on the effects of BRCAs mutations onthe female fertility among Chinese women in this meta-analysis.

Material and Method:The PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were methodically searched to eclectic relevant studies published from 2000 to 2022 using the key words“BRCA” and “mutation” and “female fertility or ovarian cancer or cervical cancer or breast cancer” and “China or Chinese or Asia or Asian”. The random effects models in RevMan 5.3 software were used to include and evaluate both longitudinal research and randomized controlled trials.

Results:This meta-analysis included 13 studies with a total of 10689 Chinese participants. Contact the control group, positive correlations between the mutations of BRCAs and female cancers were shown among the Chinese women from 35 to 60 years (OR=5.26) (P<0.00001).

Conclusions:The mutations of BRCAs may increase the incidence of cancer among Chinese women, especially the older than 40 years, and reduce female fertility, in which more prospective studies on the fertility outcomes are still needed in the future
Analysis of ANS structures and molecular evolution in Rosaceae
Authors: Liu Chang
Published: May 2023

Anthocyanidin Synthase (ANS) is a key rate-limiting enzyme involves in the biosynthesis of anthocyanin. Notably, anthocyanin contents of Rosaceae have a significant impact on its economic value as major economic crops. Thus, the role of ANS in the regulation of anthocyanin contents in the Rosaceae family is worthy of investigation. Since the characterizations and expression pattern of ANS in the Rosaceae family are largely unknown so far, a systematic analysis is required to extend current understanding. Using the bioinformatics methods, we performed comprehensive bioinformatic analysis for the ANS amino acid sequences of 11 major Rosaceae species, which shared a high degree of similarity and identity, and also clustered closely in the phylogenetic analysis. Through homology modeling, 11 Rosaceae species ANS were divided into two groups: one group with similar structures to AtANS and the other with similar structures to AtACO2. Further protein-ligand docking showed that most ANS might be involved in the anthocyanin synthesis. This study found that ANS from 11 Rosaceae species shared highly similar characteristics, protein structures, and binding characteristics, helping increase the understanding of ANS evolution in Rosaceae fruits and providing supports for studies in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis of Rosaceae plants.
Permian-Triassic insect diversity revealed by fossils from China
Authors: Wang Peiran
Published: May 2023

Most of the research on Paleoentomology focuses on describing morphology and classification of one species of fossil insects. However, there is little information on the temporal diversity of insects during the Permian and Triassic periods. The end-Permian mass extinction (EPME) was the greatest biological and ecological crisis of the Phanerozoic Eon on Earth, while the pattern of recovery of terrestrial ecosystem is still unclear. In this paper, the population and distribution of insects in various regions of China before and after the fifth mass extinction were studied by counting the fossil literature data of insects from the Permian to Triassic. We found the genus diversity of the proto-orthoptera decreased after the mass extinction. The Blattoidea (cockroach) showed a brief trend of extinction after the mass extinction, but soon returned to prosperity; Hemiptera’s population was less affected by mass extinctions, with only minor fluctuations in diversity and subsequent prosperity beyond the Permian; The order Mecoptera is speculated to be an emerging species of the Triassic. Specific trend changes for the above four purposes may be affected by volcanic activity. Insect diversification can reflect changes in terrestrial ecology, providing a reliable example of changes in our current climate environment: scientists can predict the possible ecological impact of global warming through previous records, and take preventive measures to prevent the mass extinction of species again.
Determination the content of cysteine in food by potassium dichromate spectrophotometry
Authors: Wen Xinrong , Tu Changqing
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a new method for the determination of cysteine by potassium dichromate spectrophotometry is established. In the H2SO4 medium, potassium dichromate has strong oxidation. Potassium dichromate can react with the hydrosulfuryl(-SH) in cysteine, which makes potassium dichromate fade, and the fading degree of potassium dichromate is proportional to the amount of cysteine added. Therefore, the content of cysteine can be quantitatively determined by determinating the decrease value of absorbance. The various influencing factors for the determination the content of cysteine by potassium bichromate spectrophotometry are investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the content of cysteine in food is determined, and the results are satisfactory.
Aging of Hops and Their Effects on India Pale Ale Flavor
Authors: Xu Hengyuan , Sun Shaokang , Wang Xiaochen , Zhang Haojun , Nie Cong
Published: May 2023

In this experiment, two hops varieties Simcoe and Saaz were selected as the research objects to explore the influence of hops on beer flavor after aging treatment under different conditions. The hops obtained under five different aging conditions were subjected to fermentation experiments. The aroma characteristics of hop oil, beer samples at different brewing stages and finished beer were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that, except caryophyllene oxide (0.21 μ g/L and 0.15 μg/L), the contents of other aroma compounds decreased. The results of expert sensory evaluation and consumer evaluation survey were combined with the experimental data for analysis. We found that moderate aging may make beer more drinkable. Among them, hops represented by Simcoe with more aroma substances will lose their original aroma after aging. However, hops with higher humulus content represented by Saaz became softer after moderate aging treatment.
Study on the Application of Bio-flocs Technology in Tail Water Treatment
Authors: Ma Huiying , Wang Dr. Jixian
Published: May 2023

In aquaculture, the deposition of biological manure and residual bait in water can cause water pollution. If the discharged aquaculture tail water is not treated in time, the surrounding water environment will be affected and the quality of aquaculture organisms will be reduced. Controlling inorganic nitrogen by controlling the carbon-nitrogen ratio is a potential aquaculture system control method. This method can effectively reduce the accumulation of inorganic nitrogen in ponds, convert ammonia and nitrite nitrogen in water into proteins for culture organisms, and inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. This paper discusses the research development of bio-flocs technolgy at home and abroad, how to treat tail water with maximum efficiency in order to solve the problems of debris and feed retention in aquaculture water and realize the reuse of bait, and purifying water quality.
Meta-analysis of lung cancer in Chinese population in genetic predisposition
Authors: Zhang Rui
Published: May 2023

The prevention and diagnosis of lung cancer in the Chinese population has received extensive attention in past few years. Many studies have suggested that genetic predisposition may be a risk factor for lung cancer and an important means for early diagnosis of carcinoma of the lung. At present, the research on the molecular mechanism of lung cancer has been carried out on the whole genome, and a large number of SNPs have also been found in the Chinese population, these results suggest that the genetic predisposing factors of lung cancer in Chinese population are different from those in foreign population.
Ethylene Oxide and Cancer: Digging for the Truth
Authors: li Yanjia
Published: May 2023

Multiple studies have shown a relationship between EO exposure and an increased risk of cancer in humans, but the results have been inconsistent. Nonetheless, the association between EO and human cancer risk, especially in terms of dose-response, is poorly understood. Examining whether or not EO exposure is linked to increased cancer risk in the basic adult population in the U.S. was the primary focus of this study. The study included data from both the 2013–14 and 2015–16 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), for a total of 3,448 people. Data including demographic characteristics, medical history, and serum EO biomarkers were retrieved from Serum EO biomarker (hemoglobin adduct of EO (HbEO)) concentrations evaluated. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined by multiple logistic regression. The result shows that EO with the highest concentration between 1340 and 1780(OR = 19.12, 95% CI: 1.73-211.47) is statistically significant.
Design Study of Adjuvant Treatment and Prevention of Chilblain in Children with Ginger
Authors: Dai Xuecheng
Published: May 2023

In rural areas of central and Western China, chilblain is a common seasonal skin disease among local children. Its symptoms are mainly skin redness, itching, peeling and even ulceration, which has a negative impact on children's body and psychology. Due to the lack of attention and scientific cognition on the treatment and prevention of chilblain, children with chilblain are prone to serious symptoms and have a high probability of recurrence. This study conducted field investigation and user visits, earnestly considered the multiple needs and scientific basis of users. This study combined with the different characteristics of treatment and prevention and redesigned the primary methods of chilblain disease treatment and the acceptability of various schemes for children in the initial stage of chilblain prevention and treatment. Using the local traditional methods and natural materials, this design tests and improves the treatment methods of local ginger soup and ginger juice smearing. Through the test of children's preferences, the application methods of ointment and the redesign of medicine bottles that can be accepted and used by children are added in the traditional treatment stage, as to design and produce new forms and carriers for chilblain treatment for children, more loved and accepted by children.
On the Generation, Impact and Removal of Antibiotic Resistance in the Water Environment
Authors: Fan Shi
Published: May 2023

Emerging pollutants that have the potential to significantly impact the environment include antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance, or microorganisms' ability to withstand medications intended to kill them, can have an impact on a variety of facets of daily life. One of the most vital resources for life, water, contains antibiotic resistance. This review explains where antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes come from, how they contaminate the aquatic environment, and how they get into water bodies. Since wastewater is the most prominent growth environment for the production and amplification of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs), this review particularly explains the causes of antibiotics and the production of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes in wastewater treatment plants, as well as antibiotic resistance mechanisms and detection techniques. Since detection techniques are necessary to the study of antibiotic resistance, different detection techniques will also be described in this paper. In addition, ARB and their genes are not only present in hospital wastewater, but also persist in surrounding surface water, river sediments, and river wildlife, even after the water has been purified. Therefore, this review will describe a class of widely used biological treatment technologies—anaerobic digestion—to eliminate antibiotics and antibiotic genes. Anaerobic digestion is divided into many classes, the most common of which is the anaerobic membrane bioreactor. Finally, an outlook for future research is presented.
Fatty acid metabolic pathway analysis in epididymal adipose and testis in obese mice
Authors: Li Huihui , Zhang Yun
Published: May 2023

It had been proved obesity was one of the main causes of low fertility or infertility in males. In this paper, the fatty acid content of mice epididymal adipose and testis induced by high fat diet was detected by gas chromatography-hydrogen ion flame detector method. Then, the effects of obesity on fatty acid metabolism of mouse epididymal adipose and testis were analyzed by principal component analysis and T-test combined with KEGG pathway. In this way the mechanism of obesity on reproductive system was expounded from the level of fatty acid metabolism. The results were as follows. After feeding the 45% fat diet for 12 weeks, the body weight, BMI, serum TG and CHOL of high fat diet mice were significantly higher than the control group, which meant high fat diet successfully induced obesity and the obese mice developed metabolic abnormalities. Although the weight and the organ coefficient of epididymal adipose and testis in obese mice did not change significantly, principal component analysis showed that there were significant differences in the fatty acid patterns in epididymal adipose of the two groups. Further data mining revealed that the total fatty acids in the epididymal adipose of obese mice decreased significantly. Not only the saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids synthesized by mice their own decreased significantly, but also the n3n6 series polyunsaturated fatty acids caused by exogenous foods or tissue decomposition reduced obviously, while the n6/n3 ratio remained stable. That indicated the epididymal adipose in mice developed fat remodeling with the occurrence of obesity. The C10:0, C12:0 and C16:1n7 contents in testis in obese mice were significantly increased, which might effect the reproductive function of males.
A review of the physiological functions of blueberry anthocyanins and their applications in food
Authors: Sun Wanhao
Published: May 2023

Anthocyanins are a class of water-soluble natural pigments, which are widely used in the food field because of their high nutritional value and various physiological functions. The extraction and purification technology of blueberry anthocyanins is one of the hot spots of research, and new techniques to improve the extraction rate and utilization have been emerging in recent years. This paper reviews the chemical structure, types, extraction and purification techniques, physiological functions and applications of blueberry anthocyanins in the food field, and gives an outlook on the application prospects, in order to provide scientific guidance and theoretical reference for the development and technical improvement of blueberry related products.
Research progress in the treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Yu Chenying
Published: May 2023

Osteoarthritis in the knee is a disease that is chronic and degenerative. It occurs more frequently between the elderly and the obese populations, and the prevalence rate of women is higher than that of men. With the accelerated aging of the population, the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis has also increased, which has brought greater pressure to the patients themselves and society. In recent years, although through the efforts of researchers, there have been a variety of treatment methods for knee osteoarthritis in the clinic, researchers have not yet found a complete cure for knee osteoarthritis. This paper introduces the research status of therapeutic modalities, exercise therapy and traditional therapy in the therapy of knee osteoarthritis by investigating previous research, aiming to promote the level of knee osteoarthritis therapy.
Optimization of Lung CT Image Processing and Recognition Based on E-SRG Segmentation Algorithm
Authors: Ren Hongfei
Published: May 2023

Intelligent algorithms such as deep learning and parallel processing technologies such as mobile clouds are constantly evolving, heralding a new era of intelligence. In the new historical period, the development of intelligent medicine is facing great challenges and opportunities. In traditional medicine, medical imaging includes medical imaging and pathological imaging, which is an important reference for doctors in disease diagnosis. Image processing and recognition, as one of the key technologies of computer vision, must be improved under the premise of meeting the needs in practical applications. Therefore, according to the unique pathological characteristics of medical images, combined with the real-time and accuracy of images, the auxiliary diagnosis of images is the need of the development of intelligent medicine. The preprocessing technique and E-SRG algorithm used in this paper can improve the quality of images without being limited by the size of the dataset, and realize the complete segmentation of organs and tissues.
Research on the Physiological Factors of Cardiac Regeneration
Authors: Shi Haoyun
Published: May 2023

The heart is one of the most important organs in mammals. When cardiovascular disease occurs, such as myocardial infarction, many cardiac myocytes die due to hypoxia, leading to heart failure. The ability of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes to proliferate gradually decreases during development. Therefore, when the heart is damaged, it cannot be repaired by the natural division and regeneration of cardiomyocytes, which in turn leads to impaired heart function. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the proliferative capacity of cardiomyocytes during the treatment of cardiac diseases. Here, we summarize the effects of different factors such as environmental oxygen, energy metabolism, extracellular matrix, nervous system and immune response on cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration with the aim of providing a theoretical basis and potential directions for the treatment of heart disease.
In silico Study on the deposition and distribution of particles in a realistic airway model with Handilaher®
Authors: Li Yaning , Huang Fen , Zhou Xudong , Tong Zhenbo
Published: May 2023

Effective pulmonary drug delivery plays an essential role in the treatment of diseases. Drug aerosolization and inhalers play an essential role in the therapeutic effect of pulmonary diseases. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the effect of inhalers, inhalation flow rates, and particle properties on the transport and deposition of 1-19 μm particles in a realistic airway model. Computational fluid dynamics coupled with the discrete phrase model (CFD-DPM) was performed to predict the transport and deposition of inhaled particles. Good agreement in deposition mechanisms was observed with the in vivo published data, which proved the effectiveness of the numerical method in pulmonary drug delivery. Airflow structure as well as deposition pattern showed that differences in turbulence, reverse flow, and vortex formulation between the two different models are determined by the existence of inhaler geometry. Enhancing the air flow rate and particle diameter increases the particle inertial as well as the turbulence level, resulting in an uptrend in deposition fraction (DF) of the mouth-throat (MT) region. In conclusion, this in silico method is valuable to help understand the in vitro - in vivo correlation (IVIVC) of pulmonary drug delivery.
Statistical detecting of genes associated with PIK3C2B on lung disease
Authors: Wei Jiamin , Wei Hongbo , Xing Yuxuan , Wang Bin , Han Lu , Tong Liang , Zhou Ying
Published: May 2023

Statistical gene detection plays an important role in biostatistics and bioinformatics. So far, many gene loci associated with human complex disease have been found by statistical methods. However, it is difficult to find all the mutation genes that are associated with a certain disease. Researchers need to detect more associated genes aiming at a disease so that human will conquer the disease one day. In this paper, we considered a real and big data set and study the detection problem of genes associated with the PIK3C2B gene on lung disease. 168 significant genes associated with the PIK3C2B gene were detected at nominal significance level 0.001 by using statistical multiple testing method. The detected genes will provide some reference to further study the function of the PIK3C2B gene to lung disease for biologists and medical scientists.
Dermoscopic characterization and clinical application of four facial erythematous inflammatory dermatoses
Authors: Yali Zhang , Aiqin Xu , Baiyi Qiu
Published: May 2023

Use dermoscope to identify inflammatory dermatoses with facial erythema as the main feature and other atypical clinical manifestations. By reviewing the clinical data and dermoscopic images of outpatients in our hospital, four diseases of rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis were screened out, and their dermoscopic characteristics were obtained: Rosacea is a diffuse distribution of polygonal blood vessels on a red or purple background; SD is an atypical vascularity on a yellow-red background with an oil-drop reddish halo around the hair follicle. Contact dermatitis is linear blood vessels and pleomorphic blood vessels in a light red background; AD is punctate blood vessels and spherical blood vessels under a light red background with a visible scaly distribution. Honeycomb pigmentation can be seen in seborrheic dermatitis and contact dermatitis. Combined with relevant clinical reports, the application of dermoscope in clinical diagnosis and treatment are discussed.
Numerical Study on Stress Field of Knee Meniscus in Jumping Gait
Authors: LIU Ming-jie , RUAN Jiang-tao , JI Hui-long , XIAO Xia
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the numerical study focuses on the stress field of the knee meniscus in the two gaits of the jumping motion, and the knee injury and its knee protection effect are studied based on the stress field distribution characteristics of the knee meniscus. The jumping gait simulation was carried out by using a more detailed healthy knee model including bone, articular cartilage, meniscus, ligaments and peripheral soft tissues constructed by combining CT and MRI tomography, and the peak stress and its distribution area were analyzed based on the stress field characteristics of the meniscus, and the knee meniscus and its injury and protection under different knee pads were discussed. The results showed that the anterior angle of the meniscus on the medial knee joint was an area prone to injury in the take-off and landing gait. Under the knee pads, the peak stress of the meniscus decreases, and its distribution area gradually shifts from the anterior angle to the middle, and the functional knee pads with the optimized force load significantly alleviate the stress concentration of the meniscus. Therefore, the numerical study of the stress field of the knee meniscus provides theoretical support and optimization guidance for the design of functional knee pads.
Experimental study on aerosol inhalation of the human upper airway
Authors: Liu Jianhe , Li Wenzheng
Published: May 2023

The study of aerosol deposition in the human upper respiratory tract is of great significance for understanding the impact of toxic aerosols on human health and improving the therapeutic effect of drug aerosol inhalation. 3D printing technology was used in the experimental model of the human upper airway. A laser particle size analyzer was used to study the deposition of aerosol particles with a particle size of 1-20 μm inhaled in the upper respiratory tract of the human body, and the particle deposition rules of the aerosol particles in the upper respiratory tract were analyzed. The experimental results show that aerosol particles remain more in the pharynx, larynx and position. For particles with a particle size of 1-5 μm, more deposition will occur in the trachea, and for particles with a particle size of 10-20 μm, most of them will be deposited in the mouth.
Formal security analysis of an IoT mutual authentication protocol
Authors: Fariss Meriam , El Gafif Hassan , Toumanari Ahmed
Published: May 2023

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used in day to day activities in order to provide users with multiple services such as smart grids, smart homes, industrial internet of things (IoT), agriculture and health-care. These services are provided by collecting and transmitting the sensing data to the gateway node over an unsafe channel, having constraints of security, energy consumption and connectivity. In 2022, Fariss et al. proposed an ECC-based mutual authentication and key agreement protocol for WSNs. They provided its informal security and showed that it’s secure against many security threats. They also formally analyzed the scheme’s security using AVISPA Tool. In this article, we analyze the security of Fariss et. Al protocol using GNY logic, an advanced version of BAN logic.
A comparative study on LPWAN standards: Nb-IoT and LTE-M
Authors: Adamou Ismael Hamidou , Laguidi Ahmed , Mejdoub Youssef
Published: May 2023

Given the proliferation of connected objects as well as the rise of Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technologies designed to enable communication with low energy, the main ones being NB-IoT and LTE-M in our daily life. This is why in this article; our study will focus on the evaluation of the specificities of these two standards: NB-IoT and LTE-M
A technique to improve IoT connectivity based on NB-IoT and D2D communications
Authors: Laguidi Ahmed , Tamtam Samiya , Mejdoub Youssef
Published: May 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) can be defined as an environment in which object communicates with others objects to serve a meaningful purpose. The IoT is currently one of the unprecedented research areas for professionals and researchers. Every day, the unlimited benefits that it can bring to our lives and the demand for this technology is increasing. The IoT technology has the ability to improve our quality of life by connecting many objects, which we use, to communicate and cooperate. Indeed, it is possible to enable new applications, services and business opportunities in global sectors such as Smart Cities, Smart environment, Energy conservation, Home automation, Precise Agriculture, among others. This paper presents a brief overview of the IoT and provides a technique of IoT that can improve the connectivity of the objet. Our proposals consist in taking advantage of the extended coverage of the NB-IoT to extend the coverage of the Wi-Fi zone which does not exceed a few meters.
An artificial neural network-based system to estimate the thermal comfort of buildings with energy efficiency
Authors: Boutahri Youssef , Tilioua Amine
Published: May 2023

Heating Ventilation Air Condition (HVAC) systems consume the majority of energy in a building; it is essential to optimize this energy while improving the thermal comfort of the occupants. The Predict Mean Vote (PMV) model is considered as one of the most efficient models to define the thermal comfort of a structure. In this context this paper proposes a prediction of PMV index using ANN algorithm to classify the real-time thermal comfort states of occupants, which may provide future energy savings by adopting time-varying setpoints where real-time changes in thermal comfort may require less energy. The performance of studied algorithm was tested using several evaluation parameters such as mean square error (MSE) and correlation coefficient (R2). The algorithm studied in this article showed promising results in terms of correlation coefficient R2 and MSE.
Electrical modeling and characterization of the faulty state of the artificial ventilators
Authors: Zouaq Karim , Mejdoub Youssef
Published: May 2023

This paper presents an electrical model for detection and diagnosis of different types of faults that mostly occur in the intensive care devices as well as anesthesia devices. This simplified model, that includes the one-compartment CR model for the respiratory system, is well-described in such manner the maintenance agent should gain an understanding of the artificial ventilator basics without any deep medical knowledge or advanced medical staff contribution. Also, presenting the electrical-pneumatic system analogy can significantly help electronics and electrical engineers to wellunderstand how the ventilator is working and what are the crucial parameters that should be monitored. In the context of the maintenance field action, the model is able to predict the ventilator waveforms abnormality and then help to predict failure in the ventilator itself that lead to helping the IA researcher to think for suitable algorithms for predictive maintenance of medical devices. The model is mathematically described and the circuit is then simulated in Cadence Virtuoso Platform using 130 nm technology. The validity of the proposed model has been assessed using a real ICU ventilator connected to an artificial lung test and running VCV mode.
5.8 GHz Rectenna for wireless powering battery-less sensors
Authors: Salhane Ilham , Rifi Mounir , Terchoune Hanae , Elmorabeti Soumaya
Published: May 2023

—This work aims to develop an electromagnetic energy rectification system, or rectenna, which constitutes the main element of a wireless energy transmission. The goal of our research is to use electromagnetic waves to power remote sensors that are part of the internet of things. In order for these sensors to function properly, their batteries must be recharged when low. In this study, we have developed a rectification system sensitive to the frequency of 5.8 GHz. To realize this system, we have focused on the various parameters that affect the RF-DC conversion efficiency of a rectifier circuit. Then, we presented the design theory of a rectifier system in microstrip technology. We then optimized and validated our system for an input power of about 20 dBm. The proposed system has an energy efficiency of 42.56and can supply a load at 200 ohms with an output conversion voltage of 2.918 volts for this low-consumption systems.
Development and Validation of an optimized syndromes block for reed solomon decoder
Authors: Mohamed Elghayyaty , Azeddine Wahbi , Anas El Habti El Idrissi , Omar Mouhib , Hadjoudja Abdelkader
Published: May 2023

Reed Solomon decoder plays an indispensable role in many applications involving data transmission, storage applications and Video broadcasting DVB-T and DVB-S2. In this work we propose a new optimized parallel syndrome block [67] for the Reed Solomon RS code (15,11) used in digital Video broadcasting DVB-T. Therefore, this proposed parallel block is compared to the serial syndrome block existing. On the basis of this technique a new architecture based on three syndromes in parallel is developed. This technique reduces both the energy consumption and the number of iterations. The RS code (15, 11) is composed of 255 symbols that are multiples of 3. The symbols are entered in parallel in the syndrome block.

These decoding algorithms developed in this work are compared with the existing algorithms, and they are evaluated through a simulation using the hardware description language VHDL, then they are implemented on a Xilinx Spartan type FPGA card using the XILINX software.
A comparative study of propagation delay applied on varieties carbon nanotubes Bundles interconnects using the FDTD and the ABCD matrix method
Authors: Nadir Youssef , Belahrach Hassan , Ghammaz Abdelilah , Naamane Aze-eddine , Radouani Mohammed
Published: May 2023

Due to their hilarious properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with their different varieties have been suggested as potential alternatives for interconnects in many industrial applications related to Artificial Intelligence. This work made an overview of the various models of the resistive effect inside several CNT based interconnects. In addition, it has studied the propagation delay inside the CNT interconnect varieties by comparing two validated transient analysis methods, namely the FDTD and the ABCD matrix. The work has concluded the superiority of the ABCD-matrix method since it has given a better performance.
Comparative Study of Advanced Controllers Techniques Applied to the Control of a Multiarticulated System
Authors: Baghli Fatima Zahra , Lakhal Yassine , Ait el kadi Youssef
Published: May 2023

In this work a comparison among three control strategies is presented, with application to a multi-articulated system. The proposed control scheme is based on the dynamic model derived using LagrangeEuler formulation. Our robot manipulator ANFIS system control’s simulated in Matlab Simulink environment; the results obtained present the efficiency and the robustness of the proposed control with good performances compared with PID and the FIS method.
Editorial
Authors: Reimer Jens
Published: May 2023

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,

die Coronapandemie ist glücklicherweise vorüber, ganz los
lässt sie uns dennoch nicht. Zwei Beiträge unserer aktuellen Ausgabe
stehen in Verbindung mit diesem Thema, doch dazu später. Haben Sie noch
Ihren Berufsstart vor Augen und wie Sie sich der Suchttherapie als Fach
angenähert haben? Was hat Sie gereizt, welche Qualifikationsschritte haben
Sie durchlaufen? Helena Amberg und Jann Schumacher aus Zürich haben sich mit
der Frage des Kompetenzprofils von Fachpersonal in Suchthilfe und
–prävention befasst.
Klinische Ernährung bei Covid-19 Patienten – Eine
systematische Literaturübersicht
Authors: Spiess Michaela , Weimann Arved
Published: May 2023

EinleitungAktuell fehlt die Evidenz zur klinischen Ernährung bei
Covid-19. Ziel der Arbeit: Systematischer Überblick über die
klinische Ernährung bei Covid-19.

Material und MethodeEine systematische Literatursuche: 2 Meta-Analysen, 12
systematische Reviews und Meta-Analysen, 9 prospektive randomisierte
kontrollierte Studien, 3 prospektive Observationsstudien, 7 retrospektive
Studien, 25 narrative Reviews.

Ergebnisse a) Adipöse Patienten haben ein erhöhtes Risiko
auf einen schweren Krankheitsverlauf, b) es gibt einen Zusammenhang zwischen
Adipositas und erhöhtem Sterberisiko, c) die Covid-19 Mortalität
steigt ab einem BMI>27 kg/m², in allen BMI-
Klassen um 1,6% pro 1 kg/m² bei Gewichtszunahme,
bei starker Adipositas (> 40–45 BMI) um das 1,5 bis
2-fache und pro 5 kg/m², d) das Risiko für einen
schweren Covid-19 Verlauf steigt ebenso bei erhöhtem viszeralen
Fettgewebeanteil, Gesamtkörperfettmasse und Oberbauchumfang, e) die
Sterblichkeitsrate kann bei mangelernährten Covid-19 Patienten 10-mal
höher sein, f) das Serumalbumin liefert Hinweise auf einen schlechten
Krankheitsverlauf, g) eine enterale Omega-3-Fettsäuren-Zufuhr
könnte die Nierenfunktion stabilisieren und das Outcome verbessern, h)
Lebensmittel mit niedrigen glykämischen Index sollten bevorzugt werden,
i) ein Vitamin D Mangel ist zu vermeiden, eine tägliche Vitamin D und
Zink Supplementierung kann von Vorteil sein, j) einmalig hochdosiertes Vitamin D
und enterales Vitamin C bewirkt keinen Nutzen, jedoch könnte das
Thromboserisiko reduziert und mit Zink die Antikörperreaktion
verstärkt werden, k) eine ernährungsmedizinische Intervention
reduziert die Sterblichkeit.

Schlussfolgerung Screening und Erfassung des Ernährungszustands
sind bei Covid-19 Patienten von Bedeutung. Insgesamt liegen unzureichend
klinische Ergebnisse zur spezifischen Ernährungstherapie vor.
Transcriptome-Derived Ligand-Receptor Interactome of Major PitNET Subgroups
Authors: Batchu Sai , Diaz Michael Joseph , Patel Aashay , Reddy Akshay , Lucke-Wold Brandon
Published: May 2023

Introduction Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are rare skull base tumors which can impart significant disability owing to their locally invasive potential. To date, the gamut of PitNET subtypes remains ill-understood at the ligand-receptor (LR) interactome level, potentially limiting therapeutic options. Here, we present findings from in silico analysis of LR complexes formed by PitNETs with clinical presentations of acromegaly, Cushing's disease, high prolactin production, and without symptoms of hormone hypersecretion.

Methods Previously published PitNET gene expression data was acquired from ArrayExpress. These data represented all secretion types. LR interactions were analyzed via a crosstalk score approach.

Results Cortisol (CORT) ligand was significantly involved in tumor-to-tumor signaling across all PitNET subtypes but prolactinomas, which evidenced active CORT depletion. Likewise, CCL25 ligand was implicated in 20% of the top LR complex interactions along the tumor-to-stroma signaling axis, but silent PitNETs reported unique depletion of the CCL25 ligand. Along the stroma-to-tumor signaling axis, all clinical PitNET subtypes enriched stromal vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ligand interactions with tumor secretin receptor. All clinical PitNET subtypes enriched stromal DEFB103B (human β-defensin 103B) ligand interactions with stromal chemokine receptors along the stroma-to-stroma signaling axis. In PitNETs causing Cushing's disease, immune checkpoint ligand CD274 reported high stromal expression, and prolactinomas reported low stromal expression. Moreover, prolactinomas evidenced distinctly high stromal expression of immune-exhausted T cell response marker IL10RA compared with other clinical subtypes.

Conclusion Relative crosstalk score analysis revealed a great diversity of LR complex interactions across clinical PitNET subtypes and between solid tumor compartments. More data are needed to validate these findings and exact clinical importance.
Anatomic Risks with Overpenetration of the Volar Locking Plates' Proximal Holes
Authors: Hong Daniel Y. , Kunes Jennifer A. , Tedesco Liana J. , Danford Nicholas C. , Strauch Robert J.
Published: May 2023

Background Volar locking plate fixation (VLP) is commonly used to treat distal radius fractures (DRF). Risk of dorsal compartment injury with distal screw hole fixation has been studied; however, the risk with proximal screw hole fixation is not well studied.

Purpose The goal of this study was to investigate the risk of dorsal structure injury from the screw holes proximal to the two distal rows.

Methods Nine cadaveric forearms were used. After volar distal radius exposure, a long VLP was applied. Kirschner wires were placed through the most proximal holes into the dorsal compartments. The extensor structures penetrated were noted and tagged with hemoclips. The distance from the dorsal cortex to the structures was measured.

Results The abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) muscle bodies were only penetrated; no tendons were penetrated. Proportion of muscle penetration increased with the more proximal screw holes. EPB was more likely to be penetrated distally and APL proximally; both were injured at holes 2 and 3. The extensors were 2 mm from the dorsal cortex of the radius on average; this did not decrease with compression of the forearm.

Conclusions This is the first study to examine the anatomic risk of extensor structure injury with VLP proximal screw hole penetration. No extensor tendons were penetrated by these proximal screw holes; first dorsal compartment muscle bellies may be irritated with overpenetration. Our findings suggest that proximal VLP screws do not need to be downsized if they are not over 2 mm prominent.
Hepatic Innervations and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Adori Monika , Bhat Sadam , Gramignoli Roberto , Valladolid-Acebes Ismael , Bengtsson Tore , Uhlèn Mathias , Adori Csaba
Published: May 2023

Abbreviations graphical abstract: VMN/PVN, hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus/paraventricular nucleus; VLM/VMM, ventrolateral medulla/ventromedial medulla; SMG/CG, superior mesenteric ganglion/caeliac ganglia; NTS, nucleus of the solitary tract; NG, nodose ganglion.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder. Increased sympathetic (noradrenergic) nerve tone has a complex role in the etiopathomechanism of NAFLD, affecting the development/progression of steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and liver hemodynamical alterations. Also, lipid sensing by vagal afferent fibers is an important player in the development of hepatic steatosis. Moreover, disorganization and progressive degeneration of liver sympathetic nerves were recently described in human and experimental NAFLD. These structural alterations likely come along with impaired liver sympathetic nerve functionality and lack of adequate hepatic noradrenergic signaling. Here, we first overview the anatomy and physiology of liver nerves. Then, we discuss the nerve impairments in NAFLD and their pathophysiological consequences in hepatic metabolism, inflammation, fibrosis, and hemodynamics. We conclude that further studies considering the spatial-temporal dynamics of structural and functional changes in the hepatic nervous system may lead to more targeted pharmacotherapeutic advances in NAFLD.
A numerical procedure for approximating time fractional nonlinear Burgers–Fisher models and its error analysis
Authors: Mesgarani H. , Esmaeelzade Aghdam Y. , Vafapisheh M.
Published: May 2023

Burger and Fisher diffusion transfer properties and reactions from the characteristics are studied using a non-linear equation. The nonlinear fractional Burgers–Fisher equation (NFB-FE) appears in realistic physical situations such as ultra-slow kinetics, Brownian motion of particles, anomalous diffusion, polymerases of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid, continuous random movement, and formation of wave patterns. The present study focuses on the collocation scheme based on the shifted Chebyshev basis (SCB) and the compact finite difference method to obtain the numerical scheme of the NFB-FE. The simulation model is created in the two steps: Initially, a semi-discrete is formed in a temporal sense, applying a linear approximation with an accuracy order of two. Next, we examine the unconditional stability and the convergence order. In the second stage, the collocation approach based on the SCB of the fourth type is used to discretize the spatial derivative parts and generate the full-discrete scheme.
Magnetic proximity effect in ultrathin freestanding WS2/LaMnO3 van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Lu Qinwen , Lei Xunyong , Fu Jun , Wang Qing , Mao Xiaoyu , Cheng Long , Zhai Xiaofang , Zeng Hualing
Published: May 2023

With complex coupling of multiple degrees of freedom, transition metal oxides (TMOs) provide a promising platform to tune the magnetic property in heterostructures via the magnetic proximity effect. Recent realization of freestanding TMO thin films allows further extension of this technique to novel two-dimensional heterostructures by mechanically stacking with van der Waals materials. Here, we demonstrate the presence of significant magnetic exchange interactions in a heterostructure of 8 nm freestanding LaMnO3 and monolayer WS2. The high magnetization in freestanding LaMnO3 leads to valley degeneracy breaking in WS2, resulting in unbalanced valley polarization in the photoluminescence (PL). Further temperature-dependent PL measurements reveal the same transition behavior as the magnetization in the freestanding LaMnO3 film. Our results unlock new approaches for tuning the magnetism and the valley degree of freedom in ultrathin two-dimensional heterostructures.
Studying the roles of salt ions in the pore initiation and closure stages in the biomembrane electroporation
Authors: Mou Qiongyao , Xu Mengli , Deng Jinan , Hu Ning , Yang Jun
Published: May 2023

Electroporation shows great potential in biology and biomedical applications. However, there is still a lack of reliable protocol for cell electroporation to achieve a high perforation efficiency due to the unclear influence mechanism of various factors, especially the salt ions in buffer solution. The tiny membrane structure of a cell and the electroporation scale make it difficult to monitor the electroporation process. In this study, we used both molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and experimental methods to explore the influence of salt ions on the electroporation process. Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) were constructed as the model, and sodium chloride (NaCl) was selected as the representative salt ion in this study. The results show that the electroporation process follows lag-burst kinetics, where the lag period first appears after applying the electric field, followed by a rapid pore expansion. For the first time, we find that the salt ion plays opposite roles in different stages of the electroporation process. The accumulation of salt ions near the membrane surface provides an extra potential to promote the pore initiation, while the charge screening effect of the ions within the pore increases the line tension of the pore to induce the instability of the pore and lead to the closure. The GUV electroporation experiments obtain qualitatively consistent results with MD simulations. This work can provide guidance for the selection of parameters for cell electroporation process.
Visible-light communication using thermally evaporated CsPbBr3 perovskite thin films
Authors: Merdad Noor A. , Wang Yue , Alkhazragi Omar , Mohammed Zyad O. F. , Maity Partha , Gutiérrez-Arzaluz Luis , Yang Haoze , Naphade Rounak , Kang Chun Hong , Ng Tien Khee , Bakr Osman M. , Ooi Boon S.
Published: May 2023

Lead halide perovskites are widely used in optoelectronic applications owing to their promising photophysical properties, but developing components of the order of nanoscale remains challenging. In this work, the authors fabricated cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) thin films of varying thicknesses and investigated their visible-light communication (VLC) performance. The thickness of the CsPbBr3 thin films was precisely controlled by using a single-beam thermal evaporation technique, and their morphology was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Thicker films were found to have a homogeneous surface, with gain boundaries of increasing size and fewer surface trap states than the thinner films. Furthermore, we identified the thickness-dependent photoluminescence (PL) property of the CsPbBr3 thin films based on steady-state PL measurements and verified it by using time-correlated single-photon counting as well as femtosecond upconversion measurements. Films with thicknesses of 5, 10, and 20 nm, with enhanced surface homogeneity and purity, were used in a VLC link as color-converting fluorescent components. The 20-nm-thick CsPbBr3 film delivered the best performance because it had the highest PL intensity and the most suitable morphology, with a –3-dB bandwidth of 30.7 MHz and a net data rate of 330 Mb/s. These results reflect a facile and well-controlled approach to fabricating such films that can be used for high-power, high-speed, and large-area transmission and detection of visible-light signals.