bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The practice of regulating interethnic relations in the educational space of professional educational institutions of the Stavropol Territory: the main contradictions and ways to resolve
Authors: Burlyaeva Victoria , Solovieva Natalya , Chebanov Konstantin
Published: January 2023

This article presents the results of a study conducted by the authors from January to May 2022 on the territory of the Stavropol Territory; an analysis of the conducted in-depth interview is presented. The authors describe the main ways to achieve the goal of forming a tolerant attitude towards representatives of various ethnic and cultural groups, including familiarizing students with the peculiarities of the national culture of other peoples through various creative competitions, ethnographic seminars, organizing joint excursion trips to the most interesting places of one or another subject of our country. Brief results are presented that are specific and narrow for studying the study of the characteristics of marriage by students of educational organizations of the Stavropol Territory, which are of particular interest, since for historical reasons it intricately combines the original Russian culture, the Cossacks and the peculiarities of the life of various peoples both in Russia and neighboring countries. As the main culturally conditioned models, the researchers singled out the primordialist and constructivist approaches, which determine a different way of interpreting ethnicity as such and the possibility of building constructive social ties. The article notes that certain ethnocultural contradictions are present, but significantly greater risks in building interethnic interaction are not associated with real contradictions in culture, but with ethnic stereotypes that have developed at the level of cultural and informational space, which provoke members of society to implement conflict models of interaction. The authors describe the process of legal prevention of conflicts on interethnic grounds, through the actions of our state represented by law enforcement agencies that are implementing a program to prevent extremism and terrorism among young people.
Correlation between salivary biomarkers and plaque-induced gingivitis exacerbated by pregnancy
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico., Aragon-Martinez Othoniel , Loredo-Escobar Karen ,   Periodontics Postgraduate Program, Dentistry School, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico., Cepeda-Bravo Juan ,   Periodontics Postgraduate Program, Dentistry School, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico,   Periodontics Clinic, Dentistry School, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico., Martinez-Morales Flavio ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico., Gonzalez-Rivera Maria ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico., Aranda Romo Saray ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
Published: January 2023

Objetive: To evaluate the correlation between salivary biomarkers (the salivary antioxidant ability, salivary level of polyphenols, and other antioxidants) with plaque-induced gingivitis exacerbated by pregnancy in pregnant and nonpregnant women. Material and Methods: For this observational study, medical records, dental examinations, and analyses of saliva samples were carried out in pregnant and nonpregnant women. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The pregnant women (n =17) exhibited a lower antioxidant capacity (p-value=0.0041), higher levels of polyphenols, gingival index, bleeding on probing, and subjects consuming mineral-enriched products (p-value from <0.0001 to 0.0466), and unchanged levels of phosphotungstic acid reactive substances, proteins, oral hygienic habits, plaque index and probing depth (p-value from 0.0683 to 0.8358), in comparison with the nonpregnant women (n=9). Also, a positive correlation between the gingival index and salivary polyphenol content was observed (r-value = 0.4087, p-value = 0.0202). Conclusion: The salivary polyphenols correlate with plaque-induced gingivitis exacerbated by pregnancy, suggesting a deficiency of salivary antioxidant protection.
Factors associated with knowledge of Sci-Hub in Peruvian dental students
Authors:   Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma. Hospital General Universitario Carlos Manuel de Céspedes. Bayamo, Granma, Cuba., Corrales-Reyes Ibraín Enrique , Hernández-Silva Vanessa ,   Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica. Facultad de Odontología. Perú,   Asociación Nacional Científica de Estudiantes de Odontología del Perú., Fracchia-González Piero ,   Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica. Facultad de Odontología. Perú,   Asociación Nacional Científica de Estudiantes de Odontología del Perú., Lara-Verastegui Rosa ,   Asociación Nacional Científica de Estudiantes de Odontología del Perú.,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Facultad de Odontología. Lima, Perú., Huiza-Maquera Rocio ,   Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann. Perú., Mejia Christian R. ,   Universidad Norbert Wiener. Centro de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional. Lima, Perú.
Published: January 2023

Introduction: It is necessary to keep up to date regarding scientific advances, even when having controversial options such as Sci-Hub. The scientific literature is generally limited to opinions about the website, and it is likely that certain personal or academic characteristics of undergraduate students are related to its knowledge. Objective: To identify some socio-educational and scientific factors associated with knowing Sci-Hub in Peruvian dental students. Material and Methods: The study uses a cross-sectional secondary data analysis design. In regard to the main variable, we asked about knowledge of the existence of Sci-Hub and calculated association statistics. Results: There were 263 participants and the average age was 21.7. Of the total, 75% were female, and 59% knew about Sci-Hub. The multivariate analysis showed that knowing scientific journals (aPR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.43-3.84; p=0.001), publication of scientific articles (aPR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.00-1.54; p=0.046) and bibliographic search training (aPR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.14-1.86; p=0.003) were factors associated with a greater level of knowledge in regard to Sci-Hub. In contrast, there was a lower level of knowledge among those with a basic level of English (aPR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.50-0.82; p=0.001), adjusted for three variables. Conclusion: Slightly more than half of the students know this resource used for obtaining scientific information, and it was predominantly associated with having a scientific background.
Evaluation of Molar Bite Force in Carious and Non-Carious Primary Dentition among 4 to 6 Year Old Children
Authors:   Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute. Chennai, India, K Nandini , Paulindraraj Shankar ,   Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India, Ramkumar Hemalatha ,   Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India, Dakshinamurthy Senthil ,   Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India, Gnanabagyan Trophimus ,   Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India, Solomon Nancy ,   Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India
Published: January 2023

Objetive: The aim of the study was to evaluate the maximum molar bite force in children aged 4 to 6 years with and without dental caries. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out from May 2018 to December 2018. A total of 288 children aged between 4 to 6 years were randomly selected from six different primary schools in Chennai city, India and divided into two groups of 144 children each, based on the presence and absence of caries: Group A children with non-carious dentition and Group B children with carious dentition. Bite force measurement was performed using standardized custom made occlusal force gauge. Statistical analysis used: Data were expressed as the mean ± SD. Student’s t‑test (two tailed, independent) and ANOVA were used to find the significance of study parameters between the groups. Results: Occlusal bite force of non-carious dentition (367.94 ±33.71N) was higher than the carious dentition (326.73±27.83N) and it was statistically significant (p≤0.01). Overall occlusal bite force of boys (350.44±35.84N) was significantly higher than that of girls (344.22±38.25N). Flush terminal plane molar relationship showed higher occlusal bite force (380.54±27.36N) followed by mesial step (350.82±22.25N) and distal step (310.63±20.82N) molar relationship. Conclusion: Non-carious dentition showed significantly higher bite force than carious dentition in children 4 to 6 years of age. Boys had higher bite force than the girls and flush terminal plane molar relationship showed higher bite force than mesial and distal step molar relationship.
Does the level of knowledge of denture hygiene affect their maintenance?
Authors:   Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Facultad de Odontología, Unidad de Posgrado, Segunda Especialidad de Rehabilitación Oral. Lima, Perú., Valencia-Heredia Joel-Junior , Colán-Guzmán Paola ,   Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Facultad de Odontología, Unidad de Posgrado, Segunda Especialidad de Rehabilitación Oral. Lima, Perú., Ramírez-Fernández Lisandra ,   Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Facultad de Odontología, Unidad de Posgrado, Segunda Especialidad de Rehabilitación Oral. Lima, Perú., Guevara-Canales Janet-Ofelia ,   Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación. Lima, Perú., Morales-Vadillo Rafael ,   Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación. Lima, Perú.
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The lack of knowledge about denture hygiene can negatively affect their maintenance. On the other hand, good oral hygiene can reduce the chances of plaque accumulation. Objetive: To determine if there is a relationship between knowledge of hygiene and denture maintenance. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was applied to 67 patients who wore partial and/or total removable prostheses daily to evaluate their knowledge of denture hygiene. For the evaluation of denture maintenance, clinical inspection of the removable prosthesis was carried out using the Vigild criterion to observe the amount of plaque that was adhered to it. Data were statistically processed with Spearman's correlation test to determine the relationship between hygiene knowledge and denture maintenance. Results: The patients presented a medium (37.3%) and low (56.7%) denture hygiene knowledge; and fair (68.7%) and poor (11.9%) maintenance of their prosthesis. There is a statistically significant relationship between hygiene knowledge and denture maintenance (p<0.001). Conclusion: There is little knowledge of denture hygiene. This level of knowledge has a statistically significant relationship with the maintenance of the prostheses.
A Retroperitoneal Hematoma in an Anticoagulated Patient
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanchipuram 603 211, Tamil Nadu, India, R Rajasekar , D Yashiha ,   Department of Internal Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanchipuram 603 211, Tamil Nadu, India, D Rampradeep ,   Department of Internal Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanchipuram 603 211, Tamil Nadu, India, B Ajay Dev ,   Department of Internal Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanchipuram 603 211, Tamil Nadu, India, R Nandakumar ,   Department of Internal Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanchipuram 603 211, Tamil Nadu, India, Athani Aishwarya V. ,   Department of Radio Diagnosis, SRM University, Chengalpattu 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: January 2023

Aim Spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage (SRH), a potentially fatal complication with an atypical presentation, is caused by anticoagulants. The present body of literature does not offer much guidance for diagnosing and treating these situations. This case report’s major goal is to give a general review of the condition’s clinical presentation and anticoagulant therapy in relation to spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage. Case report In this case report, we have covered an instance of retroperitoneal bleeding brought on by anticoagulants. Due to abdominal pain, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen was performed on the patient, who was using an anticoagulant, and it diagnosed a retroperitoneal hematoma. Conclusion Spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding is an uncommon occurrence. When patients taking anticoagulant medications appear with stomach pain and distension, retroperitoneal haemorrhage should always be considered a possibility. With this presentation, this is one such instance. An early diagnosis will aid in the proper treatment of the patient.
Legal status of the cryopreserved human embryo in peruvian civil law
Authors: Luján Espinoza Gladys Margarita
Published: January 2023

The present investigation is focused on determining the legal situation of the cryopreserved human embryo in Peruvian civil law from the ruling of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in the "Case of Artavia Murillo et al. (In vitro fertilization) Vs. Costa Rica", beginning the study of file No. 02005-2009-PA/TC (case of the “Morning After Pill”) and Exp. 30541-2014-0-1801-JR-CI-01 (Amparo that authorizes the free distribution of levonorgestrel), within the framework of legislation and jurisprudence foreign, having as hermeneutical guideline the principle pro homine and pro debilis. It is concluded that the national legal system recognizes the legal status of the cryopreserved human embryo as a person, which contradicts the standard established by the Inter-American Court which excludes it from the scope of Article 4.1 of the Convention.
Nadir Bir Hemolitik Üremik Sendrom Nedeni: Salmonella Typhii
Authors: OZTURK İlyas , GÖK Serdal , SAYLAK Hatice Kübra , ERKEN Ertuğrul , ALTUNÖREN Orçun , GÜNGÖR Özkan
Published: January 2023

Hemolitik üremik sendrom (HÜS), mikroanjiyopatik hemolitik anemi, trombositopeni ve akut böbrek yetmezliği ile karakterize olan ciddi bir hastalıktır.
Hızlı tanı konulup uygun tedavi başlanmadığı takdirde ölümcül seyredebilir. Etyolojide enfeksiyöz ajanlar sıklıkla suçlanmaktadır. Genellikle verositotoksin
(Shiga benzeri toksin) üreten mikroorganizmalara bağlı enfeksiyonlar etyolojide önemli yer almaktadır. Bu enfeksiyonlardan sorumlu patojenler çoğunlukla
Enterohemorajik Escherichia coli (EHEC), Shigella dysanteria tip 1, nadir olarak da Citrobacter freundi olarak bildirilmiştir. Daha nadir olarak Streptococ-
cus pneumoniae, HIV, Clostiridium difficile’ye bağlı HÜS vakaları literatürde bildirilmiştir. Bu olgu, 28 yaşındaki erkek hastada gelişen HÜS tablosunun
etyolojisinde çok nadir görülen bir etken olan Salmonella Typhii’nin tespit edilmesi nedeniyle sunulmuştur.
“Reconstructionism”: A Strategy to Improve Outdated Attempts of Modernist Post-War Planning?
Authors: Altrock Uwe
Published: January 2023

Recently, Germany has seen a series of inner-city projects that tend to reconstruct pre-war buildings or ensembles lost in the Second World War after demolishing earlier attempts to redefine the place in which they had been located with the means of modernist architecture. While those modernist buildings are often seen as “eyesores” by ordinary citizens advocating their demolition, the newer reconstructionist projects are criticized heavily by architects and planners not only because they often bring along revisionist political attitudes but also lack a profound examination of the achievements of their predecessors and do without the creative possibilities new designs may offer. The article discusses the trend in its historical context starting in the early 1980s and flourishing after the German reunification by presenting four major types of reconstructionism and related case studies, and debates that accompany them. This allows an interpretation of the current trend and places it in the wider German debates about post-modern planning and urban design. It shows that beyond the most prominent examples of reconstructionism such as the reconstructed Frauenkirche church in Dresden and the Palace in the center of Berlin, there are certain parameters that loosely determine the trend. The article ends with recommendations for the ongoing debates on future reconstructions of bombed cities.
Application of smart visualisation in the analysis of Hungarian Agriculture ICT
Authors: Szilágyi Róbert , Botos Szilvia , Felföldi János
Published: January 2023

Agriculture has a certain specialty in information technology, and the application of new ICT technologies is inevitable. First, we discuss the idea behind data, concepts such as data storytelling, types and proper use of visualisation. There are several well-known visualisation types, but we would like to point out some AI (Artificial Intelligence) based ones (decomposition tree, treemap, Q&A). Our institute has prepared a survey to investigate ICT usage and attitudes of companies in the agri-food sector. The importance of business processes that can be supported by ICT had to be evaluated by the companies. In this study, we evaluated the importance of some ICT indicators. To ensure the use of the mentioned intelligent visualisation, we present some examples from our institute's questionnaire on ICT use in agriculture. We found the smart visualisation usable and the idea of smart dashboards seems to be usable in practice.
Dietary factors influencing the COVID-19 epidemic process
Authors: Ponomarenko S. V.
Published: January 2023

Objective: to analyze the role of diet in the epidemiological parameters of the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus and identify factors that correlate withthe reduction in the severity of the consequences of COVID-19 disease, namely the rate of prevalence (RPr) and infection fatality rate (IFR) in different regions.

Material and methods. The information and data required for this study were found in scientific publications and the media available on the Internet, as well as obtained from statistical databases using specific keywords, both for a single tag and in various combinations of them. Statistical samples were managed from sources and facts available on the Internet. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to understand a statistical relationship between two variables.

Results. The relationship between nutritional factors and the impact of the 15-month COVID-19 pandemic in different regions was investigated using various available statistics for five continents and 47 countries. A clear relationship was found between the outcomes of the SARSCoV-2 epidemic (RPr and IFR) and the amount of consumed essential nutrients, with correlations in the negative range r=–0.98 and r=–0.66 for plant proteins and with correlation coefficients r=0.92 for animal proteins. Also, excessive sugar consumption increased the severity of COVID-19 with correlation coefficients in the range of r=0.99–0.72 in the representative samples.

Conclusion. Statistical analysis presented that the number of diagnosed patients with SARS-CoV-2 (RPr) and deaths from COVID-19 (IFR) was significantly lower in regions where more plant foods were consumed than animal products. A detailed study of the relationship between the Coronavirus and the host as well as the metabolism of protein and sugar may reveal the diet factors responsible for resistance to the pathogen. Edible plants can contain components responsible for suppressing the replication cycle of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Biochemical investigation of these components would help in the development of etiological oral administrated anti-COVID-9 medicine.
A Digital Ruble: A Civilist’s View of the Problem
Authors: Vasilevskaya L. Yu.
Published: January 2023

Testing of a digital ruble platform conducted by the Bank of Russia actualizes the problem of determining the legal nature of a digital ruble and features of its civil law regime. Based on fundamental provisions of the civil law doctrine, the author explores an economic concept of the digital ruble presented by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation; from a civilistic standpoint, the author examines the relationship between the concepts of «digital ruble», «digital money», «currency», «cryptocurrency», «digital financial asset». The paper justifies the fallacy of legal judgments in the interpretation of the digital ruble as a new form of money — as a form of the ruble and as a form of the Russian national currency. Comparing provisions of the Concept with the prescriptions concerning digital currency under Federal Law No. 259-FZ dated 31 July 2020, the author substantiates a number of conclusions: the digital ruble exists in a special material form as digits and other signs on a special material carrier — special computer systems controlled by special programs in the form of a digital platform; in the legal sense, digital rubles mean digital non-cash funds — rights of claim arising on the basis of an agreement for opening and maintaining a digital wallet and acting as an element of the content of the legal relationship between the bank and the customer — a holder of a digital wallet for cashless settlements. The approach proposed by the Bank of Russia to introduce the digital ruble into property circulation has much in common with the model of settlements implemented in practice using electronic wallets and prepaid smart cards. The digital ruble as a non-cash monetary means (in digital form) acts as a property (obligation) right and falls under the civil law qualification of a digital right and its varieties.
Features of the Model of Control and Supervisory Activities in the Context of Public Administration Development Mechanisms in Russia: Constitutional Law Context
Authors: Spiridonov A. A.
Published: January 2023

The analysis made it possible to identify a number of current features of the Russian model of control and supervisory activities that are significant in the context of constitutional law. The first involves building a modern domestic model of control and supervisory activities based on a fully updated legislative foundation. The second includes the focus on the full-fledged formation of the service and partner model of control and supervisory activities (in fact, it acts as generic feature defining the meaning and having value-semantic, axiological significance and explained through a whole group of interrelated features of the Russian model of regulation and development of control and supervisory activities). The third means expanding the use of a risk-based approach as one of central principles of organization of control and supervisory activities (a full-fledged interested feedback from business and the expert community constitutes an invaluable tool in determining risks). The fourth refers to the focus on the priority of a preventive approach in implementation of control and supervisory activities (non-responding to the damage caused, but a proactive position, expressed in ensuring prevention of any possible damage to protected values; it serves as a priority and deserves further development of mechanisms facilitating its broad implementation). The fifth means active digitalization of control and supervisory activities and ensuring openness (accessibility) of information. The sixth involves constant focus on the introduction of new technologies and approaches to organizing control and supervisory activities. The author demonstrates a number of important steps that are advisable to encourage positive development of the features of the domestic model. It is emphasized that at the new stage of the reform of state control (supervision) and municipal control, development of new scientifically and practically grounded approaches to the implementation of specific mechanisms and tools that will result in uncovering the potential of the partner and service model of control and supervisory activities in the Russian Federation will be in great demand.
Evidence and Proof in Criminal Proceedings: Problems of Understanding their Nature
Authors: Kornakova S. V.
Published: January 2023

The paper is devoted to the consideration of topical issues related to the essential characteristics of such categories of evidentiary law as «evidence» and «proof», due to the ambiguity of approaches that researchers apply to disclose their nature.

The study purports to identify the conformity of the actual proof procedure with its definition reflected in the law, and to formulate scientific recommendations for improving the law in this part. Scientists’ ideas that the legislative definition of evidence does not reflect the requirement of their reliability are critically assessed, and the absence of grounds for such a conclusion is demonstrated.

In the course of the research, scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, formal-logical and legal interpretation were used. Based on the terminological analysis, in contrast to the opinion of scientists who believe that such an element of proof as gathering should be replaced by the concept of «formation», the author substantiates the position that all elements of proof, and not just gathering, represent the process of evidence formation. Therefore, the most accurate characteristic of criminal procedural proof is the process of transformation of the information obtained during the proceedings into evidence to substantiate the presence or absence of circumstances to be proved, i.e., the process of forming evidence.

In this regard, the author concludes that for a more accurate reflection of this process in a number of norms of Chapter 11 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, it would be necessary to replace the concept of «evidence» with the concept of «information that can be used as evidence». According to the author, the legislative definition of criminal procedural proof should reflect not only the actual process of evidentiary activity, covering the initial stage of criminal proceedings, but also its target orientation. For this purpose, the author proposes the following wording of Article 85 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation: «Proof consists in gathering, verifying and evaluating information in order to obtain evidence substantiating the presence or absence of circumstances provided for in Article 73 of this Code for the correct resolution of a criminal case.»
The Legal Status of a Pregnant Woman: An Intersectoral Aspect
Authors: Gorskaya E. Yu.
Published: January 2023

The paper is devoted to the analysis of family and demographic policy in the context of determining the legal status of a pregnant woman under the Russian legislation, as well as the impact of a set of social support measures on the attractiveness of having many children in family planning. The author states that the absence of an established form of a woman’s pregnancy certificate is a huge disadvantage, since the issuance of a document is a legal fact with which the law connects the emergence, modification and termination of legal relations, the basis when a woman acquires a special social and legal status of a subject with a privileged position, reflected in various branches of Russian legislation. The paper analyzes judicial practice regarding the filing of claims by men for compensation for moral damage in connection with the termination of pregnancy by women without reaching a general agreement on the issue of family planning. In the transport sector, there is no uniform practice of providing transportation services to pregnant women by airlines. Regarding the legislation on sports, the author draws attention to the fact that the hormone released in the pregnant woman’s body is deemed doping. However, restrictions on access to competitions are discrimination, so it is not uncommon for a pregnant woman to receive an Olympic gold medal being heavily pregnant. The state of pregnancy is also of legal importance for criminal legislation, since a significant number of criminal law norms take into account the special status of a pregnant woman as a characteristic of the defendant’s personality, as well as as a circumstance that gives great public danger when the victim is the expectant mother. The granting of a special privileged status to a pregnant woman is also subject to consideration in housing legislation: the expectant mother should have the right to additional state support, including in terms of meeting housing needs. The author summarizes that for the Russian legislator, a pregnant woman is unconditionally a value whose rights and interests are protected as much as possible. The principle of state support for motherhood is reflected in the entire system of Russian legislation.
A surface eddy current transducer for metal loss detection
Authors:   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Reutov Yu. Ya.
Published: January 2023

The paper reports the results of an experimental study of the work of a surface eddy current transducer in terms of detecting and testing metal loss under one-sided access conditions. The transducer consists of an exciting coil and a microchip Hall-effect transducer placed in it. The phase shift of the voltage from the Hall probe output relative to the current in the exciting coil, measured by a digital phase meter, is used as an informative parameter. The experiments were carried out on a package of duralumin plates. It is shown that, when the thickness of the duralumin test object is 12.5 mm, a fairly linear transformation of metal loss from 0 to 50 % at a frequency of 640 Hz is possible. The results can be useful in the development of devices for detecting metal corrosion losses in non-ferromagnetic objects with a thickness of tens of millimeters under one-sided access conditions.
The effect of aluminum concentration on the structure evolution and mechanical properties of Cu/Al composites produced by electron-beam additive manufacturing
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Panfilov A. O. , Zykova A. P. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chumaevsky A. V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Beloborodov V. A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikonov S. Yu. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolubaev E. A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2023

Electron-beam additive manufacturing with a simultaneous feed of two wires is used to produce Cu/Al composites with different contents of Al-12Si aluminum alloy. The obtained specimens are examined by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis and tested for uniaxial static tension. The introduction of 25 vol % Al-12Si is found to form a fairly homogeneous structure characterized by Cu dendrites and a small volume fraction of Cu9Al4 and Cu4Al intermetallic compounds on the dendritic cell boundaries. The increase of the volume fraction of Al-12Si in the copper alloy to 33 vol % is accompanied by the formation of Cu9Al4, Cu4Al, and Cu3Al intermetallics and an increase in their volume fraction. In the composite with 33 vol % Al-12Si, the Cu9Al4 phase becomes the main one, thus causing brittle fracture of the specimens without plastic deformation. It is shown that, with an increase in the volume fraction of Al-12Si to 30 %, ultimate strength increases significantly in the copper alloy (up to 695 MPa) and relative elongation decreases (down to 4 %) due to the increasing volume fraction of the brittle CuxAly intermetallic phases. The results of hardness measurements testify that the increase of Al-12Si content in the specimens from 25 to 33 vol % increases their microhardness significantly, namely from 1.38 to 4.35 GPa.
Production of metal matrix composites based on aluminum-manganese bronze and nickel alloys by wire feed electron-beam additive manufacturing
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chumaevsky A. V. , Panfilov A. O. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kalashnikov K. N. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zykova A. P. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kalashnikova T. A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vorontsov A. V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikonov S. Yu. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moskvichev E. N. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenchuk V. M. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rubtsov V. E. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolubaev E. A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2023

Samples of composite materials based on BrAMts9-2 bronze with the introduction of the Udimet500 and Inconel625 nickel alloys were obtained by wire-feed electron-beam technology. The studies show that the structures of composites formed during printing, although fairly similar due to the same base of the alloys, have different features due to different combinations of alloying elements. The mechanical properties of the samples with the introduction of up to 15 % of the Udimet500 alloy are higher than those of the samples of the second material. With the introduction of 25 % of a nickel alloy, the strength is higher for the composite material samples with the introduction of the Inconel625 alloy. The microhardness of the samples with the introduction of 5 % of a nickel alloy is identical, the introduction of large volumes of a nickel alloy leads to the implementation of greater hardness in the samples with the introduction of the Inconel625 alloy due to the higher content of refractory materials. Relative elongation after rupture varies insignificantly for the samples of both types.
Obtaining a steel-based metal matrix composite by wire-feed additive electron beam manufacturing with the introduction of tungsten powder
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chumaevsky A. V. , Shamarin N. N. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Panfilov A. O. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zykova A. P. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Filippov A. V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moskvichev E. N. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rubtsov V. E. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolubaev E. A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2023

Wire-feed electron-beam additive technology is used to produce samples of a composite material based on the 40Cr9Si2 steel by additionally introducing tungsten powder during printing. Controlling the feed of wire and powder makes it possible to form composite structures in the surface layers of the samples while maintaining the sample bulks with high strength and plasticity. The content of tungsten in the surface layer increases smoothly. This has a positive effect on the structure of the samples and prevents cracking or delamination at the boundary between the base metal and the surface layer. The tensile strength of the layers decreases with the introduction of tungsten in comparison with the bulk of the sample. In this case, the surface layers are characterized by a multiple increase in wear resistance, especially at elevated test temperatures.
Nutritional support as part of the basic therapy of a patient in the acute period of ischemic stroke in the intensive care unit
Authors: Krylov Kirill Yu. , Sviridov Sergey V. , Vedenina Irina V. , Yagubyan Ruben S.
Published: January 2023

Ischemic stroke remains the predominant cause of disability in the population (3.2 per 1000 population). Only 8% of ischemic stroke survivors can return to their previous work. Nutritional support is an integral part of the multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of ischemic stroke in the intensive care unit during the acute and rehabilitation phases. Brain damage always has metabolic consequences on the patients body, and premorbid malnutrition and stroke-stroke malnutrition significantly affect disease outcomes. The incidence of malnutrition in patients with ischemic stroke varies widely, ranging from 6.1% to 62%, depending on the method for determining protein-energy malnutrition. Despite the relevance of the problem of nutritional support in patients with ischemic stroke, only a few specific recommendations are available in the literature for this category of patients. This review focuses on nutritional support for patients who require mechanical ventilation or admission in the intensive care unit for 48 h.
Treatment of gum recession using SANS MOTS oil
Authors: Lopatina Natalya V. , Khaybullina Rasima R. , Danilko Ksenia V. , Shangina Olga R. , Gerasimova Larisa P. , Tukhvatullina Damira N.
Published: January 2023

RELEVANCE: An artificial gum recession defect was created in 50 Wistar rats. SANS MOTS oil containing marque blanche phytoconcentrate with phytosterols was applied to the defect area for 20 min. 5 times, with a 2-day interval.
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment method.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: An experimental gum recession model was created by mechanically excising periodontal tissues in a V-shape. Fifty white female rats were used as the model. Surgical intervention was performed on the lower jaw in the incisor area. The animals were divided into 2 groups depending on the planned treatment method. The control group consisted of 10 rats with healthy gums. The SANS MOTS oil was applied to the defect area for 20 min, 5 times, with an interval of 2 days in the other group. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by the proposed method.
RESULTS: Complete restoration of the dentoalveolar papillae and regeneration of periodontal tissues occurred in the experimental gum recession area during the first 28 days. At the same time, the main group developed no signs of inflammation (hyperemia, edema, bleeding gums), which confirms the therapeutic effect of the SANS MOTS oil.
CONCLUSION: The SANS MOTS oil had a beneficial effect on gum recession. The decrease in the intensity and prevalence of gingival inflammation began on day 14. There were no signs of inflammation by day 28 after applying the oil. In addition, there was a noticeable increase in regeneration of the gingival margin by day 24 in the gum recession model, and complete restoration of the gingival papillae and no gum recession were noted by day 38.
Cognitive functioning in patients with Chiari malformation type I and relationship with neurological manifestations
Authors: Kokurkina Radmila G. , Mendelevich Elena G.
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND. The symptom complex of Chiari malformation type I (CMI) is traditionally characterized by the set of cerebrospinal fluid disorders, coordination disorders, brainstem and myelopathic manifestations. Cognitive impairments, as manifestations of CMI, are little-known area. Study of the characteristics of cognitive status in patients with CMI and analysis of relationship between cognitive phenotype and severity of neurological manifestations can become basis for the formation of a more detailed understanding of this pathology.
AIM. The aim was to characterize complex of the neuro-neuropsychological spectrum symptoms and their relationship in patients with CMI.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. The main group included 105 adult patients with CMI 74 (70.5%) men and 31 (29.5%) women aged 25.616.89 years. The control group included 50 patients without signs of CMI, other organic brain pathology and cognitive disorders of known etiology 31 (62%) men and 19 (38%) women aged 26.365.00 years. The neuroimaging verification of CMI was performed by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Clinical assessment consisted of the collecting complaints, anamnestic information and detailed neurological examination. Comprehensive neuropsychological testing was performed by using MMSE, MoCA and TMT (A and B).
RESULTS. Dissociation was noted between prevalence of the typical subjective symptoms and frequency of the objective neurological manifestations in patients with CMI. Among the most frequent subjective symptoms in CMI were headaches and neck pain, asthenia, disorders of the coordination sphere, as well as subjective signs of cognitive dysfunction. Objective neurological deficits were mainly represented by cerebellar disorders. Signs of cognitive dysfunction in the form of memory and attention disorders described by patients with CMI in 20% cases were confirmed by the results of complex neuropsychological testing in comparison with a group of healthy respondents. The relationship of the cognitive deficits with presence and severity of the objective neurological, mainly cerebellar, manifestations in patients with CMI was revealed.
CONCLUSIONS. The relationship of cognitive dysfunction with the presence and severity of objective neurological, mainly cerebellar, disorders indicate the complexity of neurological and neuropsychological manifestations in CMI. These data suggest an important role of the disturbed anatomy of the cerebellum and its connections with the cerebral cortex in the pathophysiology of a wide range of major clinical manifestations of CMI.
Clinical case of late complication of congenital dacryocystitis
Authors: Filatova Irina A. , Shemetov Sergey A. , Kondratieva Yulia P.
Published: January 2023

A clinical case is presented in a 62-year-old patient. Based on anamnesis, the patient had congenital dacryocystitis, for which repeated probing was performed at the age of 24 years. This treatment did not have a positive effect. Irregular conservative treatment and prolonged self-message of the lacrimal sac area resulted in complications: a significantly enlarged lacrimal sac, difficulty in moving the eyeball, double vision, and pronounced discomfort. Objectively, the patient had a tense moderately painful formation in the area of the inner corner of the eye slit, which displaced and deformed the lower eyelid. The right eye was deflected outward to 78 Girshberg, its mobility was significantly limited in the inner and lower-inner part and slightly limited in the lower part. On computed tomography, the lacrimal sac significantly shifted into the orbit, the posterior part of the lacrimal sac was located behind the equator of the eyeball, and the size of the lacrimal sac was 1.5 times that of the eye. The enlarged lacrimal sac (dacryocele) induced the deviation of the eyeball outward with the appearance of diplopia. The lacrimal sac was removed by radio wave surgery: after the skin incision and separation of the fibers of the circular muscle, the lacrimal sac was opened, and 6.5 mL of liquid contents were evacuated from it. The walls of the bag were clamped, and delicately with the tip of the radio wave device, the lacrimal sac was completely isolated from the surrounding tissues. The wound was sutured in layers. After the operation, the patient received standard anti-inflammatory treatment. The postoperative course proceeded without complications, and all the symptoms (diplopia, eyeball deviation, impaired mobility, and discomfort) were resolved from the first days after the operation.
Exploring Education Gini on a Smaller Scale: How Education Inequality Differs among Districts
Authors: Hendajany Nenny , Riyadi Deden Rizal , Abu Bakar Nor Aznin
Published: January 2023

Decentralization creates a need to discuss education inequality on a smaller scale to formulate a better development policy. This study aims to give insights on how education inequality can vary across districts depending on the characteristics attributed to the said region. By calculating education Gini indices, we found that regencies and agricultural districts tend to experience worse education inequality than municipalities and non-agricultural districts. Adding to that, using panel data regressions, we also found that the data shows the opposite of education Kuznets curves, contradicting some of the previous studies. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the importance of measuring education inequality in a smaller scale to improve the accuracy of development policies.
Politik Hukum Pengadilan HAM Ad Hoc sebagai Upaya Penyelesaian Pelanggaran HAM Berat Masa Lalu di Indonesia
Authors: Pratama Andhika Yudha
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to analyze gross human rights violations in Indonesia, the implementation of Law Number 26 of 2000 concerning the Ad Hoc Human Rights Court, and the challenges of ad hoc human rights courts in resolving gross human rights violations in Indonesia. This study applied normative and empirical legal research with a case study approach. The researcher collected data from primary and secondary data resources. Data collection techniques were carried out by reviewing, studying, and categorizing. The analysis procedure started with data inspection techniques, data marking, and drawing conclusions. The study results showed that the provision of gross human rights violations in Indonesia was adopted from the Rome Statute. However, the implementation of Law Number 26 of 2000 concerning the Ad Hoc Human Rights Court was still limited to the judicial process of the cases of Timor-Timur and Tanjung Priok. The challenges of ad hoc human rights courts include the less than optimal role of Law Number 26 of 2006, legal aspects of the legislation that were not accompanied by procedural law procedures, law enforcement officers who did not work optimally, as well as political, social, and cultural factors that weaken law enforcement at the national level.