bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Debugging Intermittent Chain Hold-time Failures Caused by Process Variations for FinFET Technology
Authors: Tang Huaxing , Yang Allen , Shu Zhanjun , Cai Eden , Chen Shizhong , Wen Xin , Meng Fanjin
Published: February 2021

Scan-based test has been the industrial standard method for screening manufacturing defects. Scan chains are vulnerable to most manufacturing defects and process variations. Therefore, chain failures diagnosis is critical for successful yield learning. However, traditional chain diagnosis requires failing masking patterns to identify faulty chains and their fault types for designs with test compression. In other words, it cannot diagnose the chain failures which don't fail the masking chain patterns. Unfortunately, advanced FinFET technologies with more manufacturing challenges and higher process variations may result in more subtle chain timing failures which can't be detected by chain masking patterns. In this work, we present a new debugging methodology, which combines chain diagnosis and tester-based test to effectively diagnose such intermittent chain failures. The proposed methodology is validated on silicon data for one modern large SOC design and successfully identified all scan cells with hold-time issues, which were validated by STA with corrected models. The subsequent mask fixes for these identified hold-time violations resolved this yield issue and dramatically improve the yield.
ACCOUNTING CONSERVATISM AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN CHANGING TIMES: EVIDENCE FROM TURKISH BANKING INDUSTRY
Authors: KAYA İdil , AKBULUT Destan Halit
Published: February 2021

The study aims to examine accounting conservatism in the Turkish banking sector from two sides. These can be expressed as lending policies and sustainability reporting. We firstly investigate whether accounting conservatism improves the lending capacity of banks during crisis periods. We hypothesize that higher conditional conservatism could reduce the adverse effect of the financial crises on the banks' lending capacity. We test our predictions empirically through an unbalanced panel data of 32 Turkish deposit banks in 1999-2019. We secondly examine whether a bank’s engagement in sustainability performance and reporting reduces information asymmetry and leads to less demand for conservatism by outside stakeholders. We test whether a bank conditional conservatism changes or not after starting to report sustainability information. The results of our primary hypotheses are consistent with our predictions and complement and support existing evidence in the empirical literature. We find evidence of the positive impact of conditionally conservative accounting policies on the supply of bank loans. When we test our sustainability reporting hypotheses, incoherent with prior researches and our predictions, there is no significant relationship between sustainability reporting and the level of conservatism.
Jordan eliminations in bar system analysis with changes in design model
Authors: Pestsov D. N.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the use of the Jordan elimination method for solving the system of resolvent equations when analyzing the bar systems. The use of the Jordan elimination method makes it possible to determine the forces in cross-sections of bars and displacements of the system units in the case of changes in the design model of the system without the solution of new resolvent equations at each change. Changes in the design model indicate the introduction or removal of the support or internal connections, changes in the stiffness parameters of elements of statically indeterminate systems, and others. The Jordan elimination method is used for a simple statically indeterminate beam, which is a special case of the bar system.
Utility of prediction model score: a proposed tool to standardize the performance and generalizability of clinical predictive models based on systematic review
Authors: Ehresman Jeff , Lubelski Daniel , Pennington Zach , Hung Bethany , Ahmed A. Karim , Azad Tej D. , Lehner Kurt , Feghali James , Buser Zorica , Harrop James , Wilson Jefferson , Kurpad Shekar , Ghogawala Zoher , Sciubba Daniel M.
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and performance of current prediction models in the fields of spine metastasis and degenerative spine disease to create a scoring system that allows direct comparison of the prediction models.

METHODS

A systematic search of PubMed and Embase was performed to identify relevant studies that included either the proposal of a prediction model or an external validation of a previously proposed prediction model with 1-year outcomes. Characteristics of the original study and discriminative performance of external validations were then assigned points based on thresholds from the overall cohort.

RESULTS

Nine prediction models were included in the spine metastasis category, while 6 prediction models were included in the degenerative spine category. After assigning the proposed utility of prediction model score to the spine metastasis prediction models, only 1 reached the grade of excellent, while 2 were graded as good, 3 as fair, and 3 as poor. Of the 6 included degenerative spine models, 1 reached the excellent grade, while 3 studies were graded as good, 1 as fair, and 1 as poor.

CONCLUSIONS

As interest in utilizing predictive analytics in spine surgery increases, there is a concomitant increase in the number of published prediction models that differ in methodology and performance. Prior to applying these models to patient care, these models must be evaluated. To begin addressing this issue, the authors proposed a grading system that compares these models based on various metrics related to their original design as well as internal and external validation. Ultimately, this may hopefully aid clinicians in determining the relative validity and usability of a given model.
Criticism of Document Hypothesis and the Problem of Pentateuch’s Origin in Rolf Randtorff's Theoretical Developments
Authors: Лаврентьев Андрей Валентинович
Published: February 2021

В статье2 проблематизируется круг вопросов, затрагивающий область исагогического изучения текстов Пятикнижия, а именно вопросы возникновения и формирования корпуса книг Торы. В этой связи обсуждается ряд исследовательских методов и теорий, разработанных в пределах западноевропейской библейской критической науки. Среди указанных подходов внимание уделяется Документальной гипотезе, критике форм и критике преданий. Предлагается экспликация и анализ критики Документальной гипотезы, осуществлённой немецким библеистом Рольфом Рендторффом в 70-е годы XX в. Обозначаются и обсуждаются альтернативные взгляды на происхождение и формирование Пятикнижия, предложенные Р. Рендторффом, а также те практические разработки учёного, которые наглядно демонстрируют характер его методологии. В статье предлагается попытка обсуждения и осмысления теоретических и практических положений трудов Рендторффа (а вместе с ними и интенций всей западной библейской критической науки) с конфессиональной (православной) позиции.

This paper focuses on the range of issues which affect isagogical study of the Pentateuchal texts namely the issues of origin and formation of Torah corpus. In this regard we discuss a range of investigative methods and theories developed within the western biblical criticism among which Documental Hypothesis, form and tradition criticism have assumed a special significance in the past century. The present study explicates and analyzes the Documental Hypothesis’ criticism carried out by german Old Testament scholar Rolf Rendtorff in the 1970s. Alternative views on the origin and formation of the Pentateuch proposed by Randtorff, as well as those practical developments of the scientist, which clearly demonstrate the nature of his methodology, are identified and discussed. The article suggests an attempt to discuss and comprehend the theoretical and practical points of Randtorff’s works - and together with them the intentions of all Western biblical critical science - from the orthodox position.
Palestinian Campaign of the Egyptian Pharaoh Susakim in the Bible and Extra-Biblical Sources
Authors: Акимов Сергий
Published: February 2021

В статье рассматривается проблема сопоставления библейских данных о походе фараона Сусакима на Иерусалим при иудейском царе Ровоаме с древнеегипетскими сведениями о военном походе в Палестину фараона Шешонка. Решение данной проблемы имеет особое значение, поскольку поход в Палестину Сусакима является первой библейской историей, которая может иметь прямое соответствие во внебиблейских источниках. В статье анализируются особенности библейского сообщения о данном походе, свидетельства Иосифа Флавия, рассматриваются различные подходы современных западных учёных к реконструкции истории похода фараона Шешонка, описанного на портале Бубастидов в Карнакском храме. Изучение библейских и внебиблейских данных о военном походе Шешонка поднимает принципиальный вопрос о том, как следует относиться к историческим событиям, описанным в Библии.

The article discusses the problem of comparing the biblical data on the campaign of Pharaoh Susakim to Jerusalem under the Jewish king Rehoboam and ancient Egyptian infor mation about the military campaign in Palestine of Pharaoh Sheshonk. The solution to this prob lem is of particular importance, since a Susakim’s campaign to Palestine is the first history of the Bible, which can be directly correlated in extrabiblical sources. The article analyzes the features of the biblical message about this campaign, the testimony of Josephus Flavius, discusses vari ous approaches of modern Western scholars to reconstructing the history of the campaign of the Pharaoh Sheshonok, described on the Bubastid portal in the Karnak Temple. A study of the bibli cal and extrabiblical data on the military campaign of Sheshonka raises the fundamental ques tion of how to perceive the historical events described in the Bible.
Growth of celery (Apium graveolens L.) in the red-yellow podzolic soils as inoculated by earthworms Pontoscolex corethrurus
Authors: Lidar Seprita , Purnama Indra
Published: February 2021

In this study, the inoculation effect of earthworms Pontoscolex corethrurus on celery growth (Apium graveolens L.) has been carried out in red-yellow podzolic (RYP) soils. The research studied in a pot experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 (six) treatments and 3 (three) replications. One-pot consists of 4 (four) plants. The treatments carried out were as follows: I0 (without inoculum of earthworm), I1 (inoculum of 5 earthworms pot-1), I2 (inoculum of 10 earthworms pot-1), I3 (inoculum of 15 earthworms pot-1), I4 (inoculum of 10 earthworms pot-1) and I5 (inoculum of 25 earthworms pot-1). Observation parameters were the number of tillers clumps-1, fresh biomass clumps-1 (g clump-1), and root volume (mL). The observations were statistically analyzed using variance (one-way ANOVA) and followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a level of 5%. Treatment I5 gave the best results on celery crop in all parameters, i.e., 20.33 tillers per hill; fresh biomass per clump 113.93 g; and a root volume of 10 mL. The results showed that earthworms' inoculation into RYP soils significantly affected all parameters. There was also an increase in pH in each treatment that was inoculated with earthworms.
Media support and its influence on the results of the referendum in Britain’s exit from the EU
Authors: Kybich Yana
Published: February 2021

June 2016 was marked by a landmark event - the so-called Brexit (literally from Britain’s exit ) – a referendum in which 52% of the population voted for the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union
and only 48% - against. The significant changes that took place in the UK in the summer of 2016, finally split British society into those who are for and against leaving the European Union.
The British media acted as a platform for political debates and discussions on the key issue of Britain’s stay in the EU. The most powerful media conglomerate, of course, had a decisive influence on the mood of those who voted, intensifying social polarization, which was reflected in the results of the fateful referendum.
Elements of the British media played a key role in the debate over the referendum on the country’s membership in the European Union. The exit vote was influenced by a long campaign against the EU and against migration from EU countries. Throughout the campaign, virtually all media are in flagrant violation of journalistic standards of objectivity, fairness, and accuracy, becoming essentially propaganda bodies.
The relevance of the study is due to the fundamental changes in British society related to the Brexit process, as well as the importance for politicians and the public of understanding public opinion and the media about Brexit. In addition, it is important to see how the view of Brexit has changed. It is necessary to find out the benefits, priorities and understanding of different scenarios, the driving forces behind these attitudes, and whether they change in response to statements and remarks by politicians and public figures. Britain’s withdrawal from the European Union is important for the whole world, as it affects the changing geopolitics of the whole of Europe. This topic is important for understanding the study of the political preferences of British society and the British media during the Brexit process.
It can be stated unequivocally that both Brexit and the subsequent US election campaign in 2016 showed another example of skillful speculation in facts and figures, the successful creation and dissemination of unverified “viral information” through the media, which in the era of telecommunications has become a particularly effective tool for manipulation of public sentiment.
The example of Brexit has demonstrated how to take the success of such campaigns to a new level, using all types of media (from traditional to electronic, including social networks), through which you can introduce into society binary oppositions that divide it, to introduce into the information space certain political figures, to popularize the necessary moods and slogans, to simplify the political process to the level of a show.
Covid-19 as a Tool of Information Influence in the «Post-Truth» Epoch
Authors: Nechaieva-Yuriichuk Nataliia
Published: February 2021

he emergence of new information technologies has changed the course of human life – both modernizing and speeding its pace. A remarkable feature of the current socio-political situation is, in our opinion, is the (de) humanization of social communication. It is a question of actual change of a communication paradigm on horizontal and vertical levels. Virtualization as the basis of modern professional and personal life acquires more perfect forms. At the same time, according to the author, it is causing the destruction of the individual as such.
The XXI century entered into the history of world civilization as an era of post-truth: in 2016, the Oxford Dictionary chose the term «post-truth» as the word of the year. In the last year of the second decade of the XXI century, Covid-19 became a top news not only in the field of health care, but also in other spheres of life of the world community, including the political sphere.
The Covid-19 pandemic has become an instrument of informational influence, which in the post-truth era is one of the most effective in the context of transforming the individual and the mass consciousness in a «convenient» or «necessary» direction for a particular political actor. Since the beginning of the pandemic, disinformation about the origin of the coronavirus, ways of its spread, prevention measures, etc. has been actively spread. In addition, we observe purposeful activities to form an atmosphere of fear and panic among the masses; and in each region certain cases and features of the mentality are taken into account. Among the nations of the world, the United Kingdom has linked social activism to misinformation spread and the activity of various bots and trolls on networks. In March 2020, the UK government set up a special anti-disinformation unit.
Dissemination of misinformation about the coronavirus is, in our opinion, one of the important tools to influence the world community in the context of changing worldviews and visions of national, regional and global development prospects. And a clear understanding of the purpose of these actions is a key for developing adequate mechanisms for protection against information violence, which in the post-truth era turns us into hostages to information flows.
SEM and XRD Characterisation of Fusion Lines Obtained on Austempered Ductile Iron by Laser Beam Welding without Preheating
Authors: MON I.C. , ȚIEREAN Mircea Horia , BALTEȘ Liana Sanda
Published: February 2021

This study highlights the weldability of austempered ductile iron (ADI) using laser welding. SEM, EDS and XRD analysis were performed on fusion lines, heat affected zone (HAZ) and melted zone (MZ). Welding speed (Ws) and laser power (P) were varied. The heat affected zone is composed of graphite, perlite and martensite; the melted and solidified zone contains graphite, ferrite and cementite. XRD results are in accordance with SEM micrographs.
ON INVERSE STOCHASTIC RECONSTRUCTION PROBLEM
Authors: Tleubergenov M.I. , Vassilina G.K. , Sarypbek A.T.
Published: February 2021

In this paper, general reconstruction problem in the class of second-order stochastic differential equations of the Ito type is considered for given properties of motion, when the control is included in the drift coefficient. And the form of control parameters is determined by the quasi-inversion method, which provides necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of a given integral manifold. Further, the solution of the Meshchersky’s stochastic problem is given, which is one of the inverse problems of dynamics and, according to the well-known Galiullin’s classification, refers to the restoration problem. It is assumed that random perturbations belong to the class of processes with independent increments. To solve the posed problem an equation of perturbed motion is drawn up by the Ito rule of stochastic differentiation. And, further, the Erugin method in combination with the quasi-inversion method is used to construct: 1) a set of control vector functions and 2) a set of diffusion matrices that provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a given second-order differential equation of Ito type to have a given integral manifold. The linear case of a stochastic problem with drift control is considered separately. In the linear setting, in contrast to the nonlinear formulation, the conditions of solvability in the presence of random perturbations from the class of processes with independent increments coincide with the conditions of solvability in a similar linear case in the presence of random perturbations from the class of independent Wiener processes. Also considered is the scalar case of the recovery problem with drift controls.
Biological Features of Reversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Normal Cognition: A Study of Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers and Brain Volume
Authors: Moradi Kamyar , Faghani Shahriar , Abdolalizadeh AmirHussein , Khomeijani-Farahani Mohammadreza , Ashraf-Ganjouei Amir ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2021

Background:

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional condition between normal cognition and dementia. Although a significant proportion of the population with MCI experience reversion to normal cognition, it is still poorly understood.

Objective:

This study was designed to extend the present evidence regarding the difference between stable and reverting MCI by including whole brain atrophy measures as possible parameters involved.

Methods:

405 patients diagnosed with MCI at baseline were selected. After one-year follow-up period, 337 patients (83.2%) were categorized as stable MCI and 68 patients (16.8%) reverted to cognitively normal status (reversion group). Several baseline biomarkers including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD, including Aβ42, t-tau, and p-tau and MRI-based atrophy measurements were compared.

Results:

Participants with stable MCI demonstrated greater brain atrophy as well as lower Aβ and higher tau proteins in the CSF. The atrophy rate was found to be associated with CSF biomarkers merely in the stable group, after adjustment for confounding variables.

Conclusion:

These findings provide novel evidence regarding the biological perspective of the reversion phenomenon in individuals with MCI.
Does Informant-Based Reporting of Cognitive Decline Correlate with Age-Adjusted Hippocampal Volume in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease?
Authors: Sabbagh Marwan , Miller Justin , Jones Stephen , Ritter Aaron , Shi Jiong , DeCourt Boris , Wint Dylan
Published: February 2021

Background:

Informant-based measures are effective screening tools for cognitive impairment. The Alzheimer’s Questionnaire (AQ) is a subjective, informant-based measure that detects amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with high sensitivity and specificity and has been shown to predict amyloid burden.

Objective:

To determine whether informant-based report of cognitive decline correlates with hippocampal volume changes in MCI and AD.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review of 139 clinically referred patients with clinical diagnoses of aMCI or mild dementia due to AD was conducted. Diagnostic status (clinical diagnosis made by a neurologist), NeuroQuant measured MRI brain with percentile rank hippocampal volume, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) total, AQ-Total score, and demographic variables were extracted from medical records. Spearman correlation was used to assess the relationship between hippocampal volume and AQ-Total. The AQ was used to assign diagnostic status. Thus, the relationship between the AQ and diagnostic status was excluded.

Results:

The sample include 88 female and 51 male participants. The mean age was 74.37±9.45, mean MOCA was 22.65±4.18, mean education was 14.80±3.35, and mean AQ score was 10.54±5.22. Hippocampal volume and the AQ correlation was r = –0.33 [95%CI –0.47 to –0.17], p < 0.0001.

Conclusion:

In a mixed-clinical sample of patients presenting to an outpatient memory disorders center, higher endorseme-nts of functional impairments by caregivers were significantly associated with smaller hippocampal volumes. When used in conjunction with other available measures, these findings further support the role of the AQ in clinical decision-making and demonstrate an additional relationship between clinical measures and volumetric MRI.
Maximality and collapse in the hierarchy of α-c.a. degrees
Authors: Arthur Katherine , Downey Rod , Greenberg Noam
Published: February 2021

In ( A Hierarchy of Turing Degrees: A Transfinite Hierarchy of Lowness Notions in the Computably Enumerable Degrees, Unifying Classes, and Natural Definability ( 2020 ), Annals of Mathematics Studies, Princeton University Press), Downey and Greenberg define a transfinite hierarchy of [Formula: see text] c.e. degrees – the totally α-c.a. degrees, for appropriately small ordinals α. This new hierarchy is of particular interest because it has already given rise to several natural definability results, and provides a new definable antichain in the c.e. degrees. Several levels of this hierarchy contain maximal degrees. We discuss how maximality interacts with upper cones, and the related notion of hierarchy collapse in upper cones. For example, we show that there is a totally ω-c.a. degree above which there is no maximal totally ω-c.a. degree.
Association Between Elevated Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Function Moderated by APOE4 Status: Framingham Offspring Study
Authors: Piers Ryan J. , Liu Yulin , Ang Ting F.A. , Tao Qiushan , Au Rhoda , Qiu Wei Qiao
Published: February 2021

Background:

Depression and Apolipoprotein E4 ( APOE4) are associated with decreased cognitive function and differences in brain structure.

Objective:

This study investigated whether APOE4 status moderates the association between elevated depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and brain structure.

Methods:

Stroke- and dementia-free participants ( n = 1,968) underwent neuropsychological evaluation, brain MRI, and depression screening. Linear and logistic regression was used to examine all associations. Secondary analyses were performed using interaction terms to assess effect modification by APOE4 status.

Results:

Elevated depressive symptoms were associated with lower cognitive performance in several domains. In stratified analyses, elevated depressive symptoms were associated with poorer visual short- and long-term memory performance for APOE4 + participants. Elevated depressive symptoms were not associated with any brain structure in this study sample.

Conclusion:

Elevated depressive symptoms impact cognitive function in non-demented individuals. Having the APOE4 allele may exacerbate the deleterious effects of elevated depressive symptoms on visual memory performance. Screening for elevated depressive symptoms in both research studies and clinical practice may be warranted to avoid false positive identification of neurodegeneration, particularly among those who are APOE4 + .
Cognition at Each Stage of Lewy Body Disease with Co-occurring Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology
Authors: Ryman Sephira G. , Yutsis Maya , Tian Lu , Henderson Victor W. , Montine Thomas J. , Salmon David P. , Galasko Douglas , Poston Kathleen L.
Published: February 2021

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) may contribute to dementia in patients with Lewy body disease (LBD) pathology.

Objective:

To examine how co-occurring ADNC impacts domain specific cognitive impairments at each pathologic stage (brainstem, limbic, cerebral cortical) of LBD.

Methods:

2,433 participants with antemortem longitudinal neuropsychological assessment and postmortem neuropathological assessment from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center’s Uniform Data Set were characterized based on the evaluation of ADNC and LBD. Longitudinal mixed-models were used to derive measures of cumulative cognitive deficit for each cognitive domain at each pathologic stage of LBD (brainstem, limbic, and cerebral cortical).

Results:

111 participants with a pathologic diagnosis of LBD, 741 participants with combined LBD and ADNC, 1,357 participants with ADNC only, and 224 with no pathology (healthy controls) were included in the analyses. In the executive/visuospatial domain, combined LBD and ADNC showed worse deficits than LBD only when Lewy bodies were confined to the brainstem, but no difference when Lewy bodies extended to the limbic or cerebral cortical regions. The cerebral cortical LBD only group exhibited greater executive/visuospatial deficits than the ADNC only group. By contrast, the ADNC only group and the combined pathology group both demonstrated significantly greater cumulative memory deficits relative to Lewy body disease only, regardless of stage.

Conclusion:

The impact of co-occurring ADNC on antemortem cumulative cognitive deficits varies not only by domain but also on the pathological stage of Lewy bodies. Our findings stress the cognitive impact of different patterns of neuropathological progression in Lewy body diseases.
Metabolic, Phenotypic, and Neuropathological Characterization of the Tg4-42 Mouse Model for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hinteregger Barbara , Loeffler Tina , Flunkert Stefanie , Neddens Joerg , Bayer Thomas A. , Madl Tobias , Hutter-Paier Birgit
Published: February 2021

Background:

Preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research strongly depends on transgenic mouse models that display major symptoms of the disease. Although several AD mouse models have been developed representing relevant pathologies, only a fraction of available mouse models, like the Tg4-42 mouse model, display hippocampal atrophy caused by the death of neurons as the key feature of AD. The Tg4-42 mouse model is therefore very valuable for use in preclinical research. Furthermore, metabolic biomarkers which have the potential to detect biochemical changes, are crucial to gain deeper insights into the pathways, the underlying pathological mechanisms and disease progression.

Objective:

We thus performed an in-depth characterization of Tg4-42 mice by using an integrated approach to analyze alterations of complex biological networks in this AD in vivo model.

Methods:

Therefore, untargeted NMR-based metabolomic phenotyping was combined with behavioral tests and immunohistological and biochemical analyses.

Results:

Our in vivo experiments demonstrate a loss of body weight increase in homozygous Tg4-42 mice over time as well as severe impaired learning behavior and memory deficits in the Morris water maze behavioral test. Furthermore, we found significantly altered metabolites in two different brain regions and metabolic changes of the glutamate/4-aminobutyrate-glutamine axis. Based on these results, downstream effects were analyzed showing increased Aβ42 levels, increased neuroinflammation as indicated by increased astro- and microgliosis as well as neuronal degeneration and neuronal loss in homozygous Tg4-42 mice.

Conclusion:

Our study provides a comprehensive characterization of the Tg4-42 mouse model which could lead to a deeper understanding of pathological features of AD. Additionally this study reveals changes in metabolic biomarker which set the base for future preclinical studies or drug development.
Red raspberry (poly)phenolic extract improves diet-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in obese mice
Authors: Song Haizhao , Shen Xinchun , Chu Qiang , Zheng Xiaodong
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND:

Red raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L.), a natural dietary source of (poly)phenols, has been used as medicine for centuries.

OBJECTIVE:

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a red raspberry (poly)phenolic extract (RPE) on diet-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

METHODS:

Male specific pathogen-free C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups ( n = 12 per group), and fed with low-fat diet (10% fat energy), high-fat diet (HFD, 45% fat energy), or HFD supplemented with RPE of 150 mg/kg body weight by intragastric administration for 14 weeks. Obesity-related biochemical indexes and hepatic gene expression levels were determined. The statistical analyses were conducted using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test.

RESULTS:

The body weight gain, steatosis grade scores and insulin resistance index in the RPE group decreased by 34.48% ( P = 0.00), 58.82% ( P = 0.00), and 53.77% ( P = 0.00), respectively, compared to those in the HFD group. Moreover, RPE supplement significantly changed the expression profile of the genes involved in lipid metabolism and fibroblast growth factor 21 signaling pathway.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study demonstrated that RPE protected from diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders by improving the lipid metabolism and fibroblast growth factor 21 resistance.
Increasing of efficiency of dry magnetic enrichment of magnetite ore
Authors: Pelevin A. E.
Published: February 2021

A possibility of sintering ore obtaining from regular skarn magnetite ore by dry magnetic separation considered (DMS). A possibility of decreasing iron losses with DMS tails by additional control operation and application of separators of various design as well as application of screening studied. It was shown, that re-cleaning of intermediate product of –15+0 mm size enables to obtain from a regular skarn magnetite ore, a sintering ore having iron mass share more than 45% at the yield of 5.5% (of DMS intermediate product). It can be reached by application of a suspended belt separator with flat magnetic system. By using a drum separator with increased drum rotation speed, a DMS concentrate was obtained having iron mass share of 43.08%. Application of additional control operation of DMS tails enables to decrease the iron mass share in DMS tails from 11.25–11.32 to 9.97–10.67% as well as iron losses with DMS tails by 11.13–26.06% (rel.). To decrease the iron losses with DMS tails it is reasonable to increase magnetic field induction of drum separators of basic operation, but not apply additional control DMS operation. It was established, that the basic iron losses relate to fine class (–3+0 mm), characterized by increased iron mass share (14.43%). Therefore, for reextraction of iron from DMS tails a scheme with screening at 3 mm sieve and DMS of the mesh minus is possible. Such a scheme enables to obtain an intermediate product having iron mass share of 35.05–45.74% from DMS tails.
Fuel-melting aggregate “MAGMA-1” for processing wastes of electric steelmaking
Authors: Gudim Yu. A. , Zinurov I. Yu. , Fel’dman V. Z.
Published: February 2021

Toughening of ecological requirements to metallurgical production and economic factors, stipulated by competitiveness at the metal products market, increased actuality of utilization of slags, sludges and dust, obtained in steelmaking. It was shown, that from the economic point of view, processing of slags obtained at operation of modern ultra-powerful electric arc furnaces (EAF), is the item of highest interest. At present, their processing is restricted often by maximum possible recovery of metallic inclusions. At that the problem of utilization slag remains, dust and sludges remains unsolved. A pyrometallurgical method of electric steelmaking slags processing in EAF was considered. The process involves application of liquid phase reducing of metal oxides and correction of slag composition aimed at obtaining cast slag marketable products and clinker for cement industry. Data of test heats for slags utilization at the 5-ton EAF presented. The proposed technology enables to make industrial scale processing of slags with obtaining cast iron and melted clinker. Taking into consideration that EAF coefficient of efficiency, accounting fuel consumption for electrical energy obtaining is not high and is 23–24%, it was proposed to do slags processing in fuel-melting aggregates, in which the efficiency of primary energy utilization is higher (efficiency coefficient is 25–40%). The firm OJSC NTP “Akont” developed a technical project of a fuel-melting aggregate “MAGMA-1” for processing electric steelmaking slags. Its basic technical data and performance indices presented. It was shown that additional decrease of fuel consumption can be provided at utilization of liquid slag tapped out of EAF in a course of a heat, as well as at charge heating in a tubular rotating heater by waste gases.
Present and future of Russian market of stainless steel
Authors: Gribkov A. A. , Brodov A. A.
Published: February 2021

Metal-roll of stainless steel is widely used in various industries of national economy. Data on domestic and European structure of stainless rolled products presented, as well as volume of Russian market of stainless steel products. In 2019 the volume of Russian market of stainless steel products accounted for 427.5 thousand tons comparing with 441.1 thousand tons in 2018. Its high dependence on import was noted. From 2014 to 2018 it varied in the range of 65.1–79%, and in 2019 it accounted for 76.6%. In 2019 the volume of Russian import of stainless steel rolled products accounted for 253 thousand tons. Within 2014–2019 import of stainless steel rolled products increase in natural terms by 58%, in cost terms – by 38%. The volume of Russian export was not large and in 2019 accounted for 13.3 thousand tons. Within 2014–2019 export of rolled stainless steel products from Russia increase in natural terms by 42%, in cost terms – by 21%. Production of stainless steel rolled products in Russia in 2014–2019 was varying in the range of 106 thousand tons (2017) to 155 thousand tons (2016). In 2019 130.4 thousand tons were produced, which exceeded level of 2018 by 7.1%. At present there are two projects for modernization and construction of new facility at Chelyabinsk metallurgical plant and metallurgical plant “Elektrostal”. Realization of the projects will enable to increase production of flat stainless steel rolled products (including cold-rolled one) by 200 and 250 thousand tons correspondently. A forecast of Russian market of stainless steel presented, according to which to 2030 its volume will increase to 1.14 mil tons, that is 2.7-fold large comparing with 2019.
ENTREPRENEURIAL CHARACTERISTICS ARE VIEWED FROM SELF EFFICACY FOR ENTREPREUNEURS IN HARAPAN ISLAND
Authors: Ratnasari Kania
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of entrepreneurs in Harapan Island, then to find out the entrepreneurial characteristics and self-efficacy of business actors in Harapan Island.  The distribution of questionnaires on entrepreneurial characteristics and self-efficacy was given to 40 entrepreneurs on Harapan Island.  The data analysis used is quantitative descriptive analysis, Tabulation Data, Data Display and Conclusion Drawing.  The results of this study are the majority of women entrepreneurs aged 44-50 years with an educational background, namely junior high.  Then, the overall entrepreneurial characteristics included in the high category with the highest indicator, Need for Achievement and the lowest indicator, Propensity to Take Risk.  As for overall self-efficacy, it is categorized as very high with the highest indicator being Strength and the lowest indicator being Generality.
PARSE PROBLEMS IN THE APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING BASED IMFI GRAMEEN
Authors: Utami Tri , Afriadi Fiqih
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to reveal various problems application of accounting on Islamic Micro Finance Institutions (IMFI) based grameen. To achieve the study researchers used a methodology Analytical Network Process. Decomposition of the problem conducted by survey-based Grameen IMFI to practitioners as well as in-depth interviews to experts or academicians. Based on the results of the study (decomposition problem) suggests that the problems in the application of accounting-based Grameen IMFI divided into three main clusters, namely the lack of regulation of supporting institutions, the absence of operational standards and minimum operational assistance. The finding of the study suggested that the main problem was on the lack of regulation supporting with the priority number (0.31), followed by problems of lack of operational standards (0.28), and finally the lack of operational assistance (0.14)
ONLINE MARKETING ACCESSIBILITY AND BEHAVIOR AMONG BATIK ENTREPRENEURS IN LAWEYAN, SURAKARTA, CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Sistarani Meutia , Indriana Indriana , Ayal Rosalin , Bawono Adhi
Published: February 2021

In this study, researchers are evaluating the accessibility of online marketing, the most preferable online shops among consumers and the income earned each month generated through it. This research is using a qualitative method on respondents from the batik entrepreneursâ€™ in Laweyan, Surakarta, Central Java. The primary and secondary data are collected at every research stage. Those data are further analysed using interactive model data analysis. As a result, it was concluded that batik entrepreneurs in Laweyan are actively engaged with social media, but only a few of them are capable to utilize it for their marketing activities. The main reason is due to the limited human resource capable to run an online shop effectively, therefore most of them prefer to sell their goods in a traditional offline store basis. It is very unfortunate, because we also discovered that among batik entrepreneurs who already applied online marketing, their income has increased significantly. From this research, we suggest batik entrepreneurs in Laweyan, Surakarta, Central Java to actively use online shop as an option to market and distribute their product. They could spare some time, at least once a week, to update their business social media, e-commerce page, or business website. By doing this, batik entrepreneurs could increase their income and wider their business.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT AIR PERASAN BUAH LEMON (CITRUS LIMON (L.) BURM. F.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI AGGREGATIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS
Authors: Tjiptoningsih Umi Ghoni
Published: February 2021

Latar belakang: Sebanyak 74,1% masyarakat Indonesia mengalami penyakit periodonsium. Data ilmiah menegaskan peran Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans sebagai bakteri patogen oportunistik yang menjadi faktor etiologi periodontitis agresif lokal. Air perasan buah lemon (Citrus limon (L.)Burm. f.) memiliki banyak senyawa bioaktif seperti limonen, flavonoid, asam sitrat, dan tanin yang memiliki sifat antibakteri. Tujuan: Memberikan penjelasan mengenai daya hambat air perasan buah lemon 25%,50%,100% terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Bahan dan Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratoris secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan air perasan buah lemon 25%,50%,100% dan kontrol positif (klorheksidin 0,2%). Uji daya hambat dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar menggunakan kertas cakram. Plat agar diinkubasi pada lingkungan anaerob pada suhu 37°C selama 24 jam. Perhitungan daya hambat dilakukan dengan mengukur zona terang di sekitar cakram kertas menggunakan jangka sorong digital. Hasil: Uji t-test independent menunjukkan perbedaan Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansn yang tidak signifikan antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol (p0,05). Daya hambat tertinggi pada air perasan buah lemon 25%, 50%, dan 100% adalah 8,775 mm. Kesimpulan: Air perasan buah lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa).
A Metasploit tulajdonságai egy biztonságos FTP démon exploit tükrében
Authors: Paráda István , Tóth András
Published: February 2021

Jelen cikkben a szerzők a penetrációs tesztek cikksorozat következő részeként bemutatják a Metasploit keretrendszerben alkalmazható biztonságos FTP démon exploit futtatása által meghatározható támadható, illetve sérülékenységet mutató számítógépek azonosításának lehetőségeit. Ehhez a szerzők egy elemző-értékelő módszerrel meghatározták a Metasploit alapelveit, moduláris elemeit, az alkalmazható eljárásokat és támadási vektorokat. Ezt követően gyakorlati megvalósítás során végrehajtották az elemzett lépésekkel és módszerekkel a penetrációs tesztet, amelynek eredményeképpen a kialakított virtuális környezetben meghatározták a sebezhető számítógép alapadatait.
Nanoméretű réz(II)-oxid kerámiarészecskékkel erősített kenőolaj tribológiai vizsgálata
Authors: Tóth Álmos Dávid , Fodor Tamás
Published: February 2021

A mai korszerű járművek kenését ellátó kenőanyagok terhelése változatos és relatív magas. A környezetvédelmi és energiafelhasználási szabályozások megkövetelik a járművek és a bennük található kenőanyagok fejlesztését, az alacsonyabb emisszió, alacsonyabb fogyasztás és ritkább karbantartás érdekében. Acélok elérése érdekében különböző mérnöki megoldásokat alkalmaznak (például felületi bevonatok), ése megoldásoknak minden esetben egymással kompatibilisnek kell lenniük. Jelen tanulmány egy nanoméretű réz(II)-oxid (CuO) kerámiaanyag kenőolaj-adalékként való vizsgálatának folyamatát és az eredményekből megállapítható következtetéseket ismerteti. A vizsgálatokat a győri Széchenyi István Egyetem, illetve a debreceni Atommagkutató Intézet berendezéseivel végeztük el. A tanulmány a „Nemzetköziesítés, oktatói, kutatói és hallgatói utánpótlás megteremtése, a tudás és technológiai transzfer fejlesztése, mint az intelligens szakosodás eszközei a Széchenyi István Egyetemen” című (azonosító szám: EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00017) projekt keretében készült.
Éltető levegő – Magyarországra jellemző levegőszennyező anyagok jellemzése, egészségügyi hatásai I. rész
Authors: Frigy Éva Gyöngyi
Published: February 2021

A 19. századtól két ütemben kiinduló ipari forradalom következtében a világ légköri szennyezettsége exponenciális iramban növekedik. Mára odáig jutottunk, hogy külön tanulmányok foglalkoznak ezzel a problémával, és a világ országai együttesen és külön-külön is többé-kevésbé igyekeznek megoldásokat találni rá. Azonban a megfelelő megoldások keresésekor, valamint a jelenlegi megoldások alkalmazása során számos tényezőt kell figyelembe venni és folyamatosan vizsgálni, így az adott technológia vagy intézkedés – gazdasági, politikai és társadalmi befolyása mellett – a bioszféra elemeire gyakorolt hatását is. Figyelemfelhívásként egy cikksorozatban a teljesség igénye nélkül kívánom bemutatni a hazánkra jellemző levegőszennyező anyagokat a különböző egészségügyi hatásaikon keresztül, valamint előfordulásaiknak koncentrációját egyes városaink levegőjében.
Estratégias de Enfrentamento Utilizadas pelos Pacientes Oncológicos Submetidos a Cirurgias Mutiladoras
Authors: Costa Priscila , Leite Rita de Cássia Burgos de Oliveira
Published: February 2021

O processo estressante, desde a suspeita diagnóstica de um câncer até a reabilitação e reajuste psíquico do paciente, requer esforços de enfrentamento da situação. Este artigo objetivou identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelo paciente oncológico submetido à cirurgia mutiladora. Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo transversal e descritivo. Foram incluídos no estudo indivíduos adultos em pós-operatórios de cirurgias oncológicas mutiladoras do trato gastrointestinal, urológicas e ginecológicas. Os dados coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada foram codificados e agrupados em categorias para sua análise. Entre as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelos entrevistados, 53% estavam focalizadas no problema, sendo a reflexão sobre o problema de saúde a estratégia mais utilizada, e 86% focalizadas na emoção, sendo o suporte religioso a estratégia mais utilizada. Os dois focos de estratégias de enfrentamento, muitas vezes, ocorrem simultaneamente, podendo ser mutuamente facilitadores. Identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento e suas consequentes implicações na evolução clínica do indivíduo é de fundamental importância para o planejamento individualizado do cuidado de enfermagem.
The Mechanism for Recording and Analyzing Information about the Risks Contained in the Reports of Suspicious Transactions: Foreign Experience
Authors: Sergunina V. V.
Published: February 2021

The article considers the foreign experience of functioning and application of the mechanism for accounting and analysis of information about risks contained in reports on suspicious transactions for the purpose of its further application in Russian conditions. The relevance is due to the need to improve the system for recording and analyzing information about risks contained in reports on suspicious transactions transmitted to in Rosfinmonitoring. Due to the involvement of noncredit nonfinancial organizations in the process of countering the proceeds of crime, the financing of ter- rorism and the financing of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, the number of incoming reports to the Federal financial monitoring service is only increasing. All messages received are evaluated to determine whether they are suspicious or not. However, as the number of messages increases, the existing mechanism becomes less effective, and it needs to be updated and refined.

The analysis of foreign experience was carried out on the basis of methods of theoretical and practical analysis, system analysis, comparison and classification methods. The methodology combines a review of the literature, analysis of research results of scientific specialists to comprehensively cover the goal.

The study revealed that the analysis of suspicious transaction reports is used to assess the application of the Anti-Money Laundering/Combating the Financing of Terrorism regime, the level of risk awareness and compliance with risk management strategies. Under Anti-Money Laundering / Combating the Financing of Terrorism, it is useful to consider best practices to develop a mechanism for recording and analyzing risk information contained in suspicious transaction reports submitted to the Federal financial monitoring service.