bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Earthquake-Resilient Housing Setback Distances and Open Road Networks for Sustainable Urbanization: A Case Study in Elbistan (Türkiye)
Authors: Korkmazyürek Burak , Kahraman Sümeyye , Polat Erkan
Published: February 2025

Urban roads must remain open after an earthquake, requiring the urban transportation network and surrounding buildings to meet earthquake-resilient standards. The 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) earthquakes showed that Türkiye’s cities fail to meet these standards, making debris-blocked roads a significant challenge. Currently, there are no global normative standards for earthquake-resilient transportation and buildings. In countries like Türkiye, the main issues are zoning standards for earthquake-resilient urbanization and ensuring that roads stay open post-earthquake. This study investigates the earthquake suitability of residential setback distances using a quantitative methodology based on field data. This study recommends standards for earthquake-resilient setback distances to maintain open roads after an earthquake. Elbistan (Kahramanmaraş), impacted by the 2023 earthquakes, was selected as the research area. The goal is for this research to serve as a reference in the global literature and guide the development of earthquake-resilient zoning regulations for Türkiye’s cities. Research findings show that residential setback distances in Türkiye are inadequate for earthquake resilience. In the context of sustainable urbanization, the study emphasizes the need to integrate resilience into city planning. Earthquake-resilient zoning standards and setback distances can help to ensure that cities are better prepared for natural disasters and more sustainable communities for the future.
Optimization of EMS Station Layout Based on a New Decision Support Framework
Authors: Yang Peng , Zhang Bozheng , Yang Jingrong
Published: February 2025

The layout of emergency medical services (EMS) is of vital importance. A well-planned layout significantly impacts the timeliness of response and operational efficiency, which are crucial for saving lives and mitigating injury severity. This paper presents a novel decision support framework for optimizing EMS station layout. Employing the k-means clustering algorithm in combination with the elbow method and silhouette coefficient method, we conduct a clustering analysis on a patient call record dataset. Comprising 166,161 emergency center call records in the Shanghai area over one year, this dataset serves as the basis for our analysis. The analysis results are applied to determine EMS station locations, with the average ambulance patient pickup time as the evaluation criterion. A simulation model is utilized to validate the effectiveness and reliability of the decision-making framework. An experimental analysis reveals that compared with the existing EMS station layout, the proposed framework reduces the average patient pickup time from 11.033 min to 9.661 min, marking a 12.441% decrease. Furthermore, a robustness test of the proposed scheme is carried out. The results indicate that even when some first-aid sites fail, the average response time can still be effectively controlled within 9.9 min. Through this robustness analysis, the effectiveness and reliability of the decision framework are demonstrated, offering more efficient and reliable support for the EMS system.
Pricing and Service Decision in a Dual-Channel System Considering Zone of Service Tolerance
Authors: He Qingren , Lei Xinru , Wang Ping
Published: February 2025

In the dual-channel retail industry, excessive enthusiasm in offline retailers’ services often extends beyond the customer’s “interpersonal distance zone”, leading to psychological discomfort for customers and a subsequent loss of demand. This situation can trap retailers in a dilemma known as the “service trap”. To address this issue, we introduce the concept of the zone of service tolerance, which encompasses desired and adequate levels of service, into a dual-channel supply chain consisting of an online channel manufacturer and an offline retailer. We incorporate the zone of service tolerance into the demand function of the offline retailer and establish its profit function, a dynamic game theory to demonstrate the existence of a linkage mechanism between the optimal selling price and service level, providing the conditions for such a mechanism to exist. Additionally, we establish conditions for offline retailers to avoid over-servicing or under-servicing and consider the impacts of these conditions, and we reveal the stability conditions of the offline retailers’ service decisions. Our findings indicate that both over- and under-servicing can lead to customer churn. For newly launched products, offline retailers risk losing customers by adopting a sales strategy focused on high profits and moderate sales (under-servicing). Similarly, for products nearing removal from the shelves, they risk losing customers by adopting a sales strategy focused on low profits and high sales (over-servicing). Furthermore, under certain ranges for the service sensitivity factor, desired service, or adequate service, the optimal service provided by offline retailers remains robust regardless of the manufacturer’s optimal selling price. This greatly simplifies the offline retailer’s decision-making process regarding service levels, as they can directly focus on providing the desired service without factoring in the manufacturer’s pricing strategy.
High-Gain Miniaturized Multi-Band MIMO SSPP LWA for Vehicular Communications
Authors: Saeidi Tale , Saleh Sahar , Timmons Nick , McDaid Christopher , Al-Gburi Ahmed Jamal Abdullah , Razzaz Faroq , Karamzadeh Saeid
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces a novel miniaturized, four-mode, semi-flexible leaky wave Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna specifically designed to advance vehicular communication systems. The proposed antenna addresses key challenges in 5G low- and high-frequency bands, including millimeter-wave communication, by integrating innovative features such as a periodic Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton Transmission Line (SSPP-TL) and logarithmic-spiral-like semi-circular strip patches parasitically fed via orthogonal ports. These design elements facilitate stable impedance matching and wide impedance bandwidths across operating bands, which is essential for vehicular networks. The hybrid combination of leaky wave and SSPP structures, along with a defected wide-slot ground structure and backside meander lines, enhances radiation characteristics by reducing back and bidirectional radiation. Additionally, a naturalization network incorporating chamfered-edge meander lines minimizes mutual coupling and introduces a fourth radiation mode at 80 GHz. Compact in size (14 × 12 × 0.25 mm3), the antenna achieves high-performance metrics, including S11 < −18.34 dB, dual-polarization, peak directive gains of 11.6 dBi (free space) and 14.6 dBi (on vehicles), isolation > 27 dB, Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) < 3, Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) < 0.001, axial ratio < 2.25, and diversity gain (DG) > 9.85 dB. Extensive testing across various vehicular scenarios confirms the antenna’s robustness for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P), and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication. Its exceptional performance ensures seamless connectivity with mobile networks and enhances safety through Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) compliance. This compact, high-performance antenna is a transformative solution for connected and autonomous vehicles, addressing critical challenges in modern automotive communication networks and paving the way for reliable and efficient vehicular communication systems.
Supportive Work Environments, Innovative Work Behavior, and Job Performance in the Hospitality Industry: Empirical Evidence from Thailand
Authors: Chaiyapruksayanonde Chayan , Ponchaitiwat Khwanruedee
Published: February 2025

The present study aims to examine the effects of physically and psychologically supportive work environments on innovative work behavior and the effects of innovative work behavior on job performance. This study surveyed 275 hotel employees in Thailand, and a rigorous methodology involving path analysis was employed to scrutinize the proposed hypotheses. The study’s findings illuminate the substantial revelation that supportive work environments and innovative work behavior positively and directly impact the cultivation of job performance. Moreover, physically and psychologically supportive work environments positively and indirectly impact the cultivation of job performance. Additionally, this study thoroughly analyzes the implications for management practices, emphasizing the crucial significance of innovative work behavior in shaping job performance outcomes. Furthermore, it provides actionable recommendations for improving physically supportive work environments, empowering psychologically supportive work environments, and creating healthy, innovative work behavior to support cultivating job performance in Thailand’s hospitality industry.
A Note on Gravitational Dark Matter Production
Authors: de Haro Jaume , Pan Supriya
Published: February 2025

Dark matter, one of the fundamental components of the universe, has remained mysterious in modern cosmology and particle physics, and hence, this field is of utmost importance at the present moment. One of the foundational questions in this direction is the origin of dark matter, which directly links to its creation. In the present article, we study the gravitational production of dark matter in two distinct contexts: firstly, when reheating occurs through gravitational particle production, and secondly, when it is driven by decay of the inflaton field. We establish a connection between the reheating temperature and the mass of dark matter, and from the reheating bounds, we determine the range of viable dark matter mass values.
Machine Learning-Based Reconstruction and Prediction of Groundwater Time Series in the Allertal, Germany
Authors: Tran Tuong Vi , Peche Aaron , Kringel Robert , Brömme Katrin , Altfelder Sven
Published: February 2025

State-of-the-art hydrogeological investigations use transient calibrated numerical flow and transport models for multiple scenario analyses. However, the transient calibration of numerical flow and transport models still requires consistent long-term groundwater time series, which are often not available or contain data gaps, thus reducing the robustness and confidence of the numerical model. This study presents a data-driven approach for the reconstruction and prediction of gaps in a discontinuous groundwater level time series at a monitoring station in the Allertal (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany). Deep Learning and classical machine learning (ML) approaches (artificial neural networks (TensorFlow, PyTorch), the ensemble method (Random Forest), boosting method (eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)), and Multiple Linear Regression) are used. Precipitation and groundwater level time series from two neighboring monitoring stations serve as input data for the prediction and reconstruction. A comparative analysis shows that the input data from one measuring station enable the reconstruction and prediction of the missing groundwater levels with good to satisfactory accuracy. Due to a higher correlation between this station and the station to be predicted, its input data lead to better adapted models than those of the second station. If the time series of the second station are used as model inputs, the results show slightly lower correlations for training, testing and, prediction. All machine learning models show a similar qualitative behavior with lower fluctuations during the hydrological summer months. The successfully reconstructed and predicted time series can be used for transient calibration of numerical flow and transport models in the Allertal (e.g., for the overlying rocks of the Morsleben Nuclear Waste Repository). This could lead to greater acceptance, reliability, and confidence in further numerical studies, potentially addressing the influence of the overburden acting as a barrier to radioactive substances.
Sustainable Agricultural Alternatives to Cope with Drought Effects in Semi-Arid Areas of Southern Mozambique: Review and Strategies Proposal
Authors: Mondlhane Celso , Munjonji Lawrence , Victorino Íris , Huenchuleo Carlos , Pimentel Paula , Cornejo Pablo
Published: February 2025

Drought, pests, soil fertility depletion, environmental challenges, and the limited use of agricultural inputs continue to plague food production in many developing countries such as Mozambique. As a response to these production constraints, sustainable strategies must be defined to cope with these problems. One strategy, largely applied worldwide, is the combination of the usage of plant growth-promoting microorganisms, conservation tillage, intercropping, and crop residue management. The above can help smallholder farmers to become more resilient, sustainable, and productive, in a framework where the limitations imposed by global climate change are being exacerbated. The impacts of these strategies are less known and lack studies in Mozambique. Here, we provide a comprehensive review based on the relevant scientific literature published in the last three decades which evaluated the effects of diverse sustainable alternatives for crop production, mainly oriented to enhance crop tolerance to drought. The use of these strategies and their promising potential to increase crop yields under drought conditions emerge as one of the most sustainable approaches, leading to both an increase in agricultural productivity and the amelioration of soil properties in Southern Mozambique. However, to achieve this goal, it is critical to perform studies that enable positive impacts and also take full account of the specific socio-economic and environmental contexts in which agricultural production is developed in the semi-arid areas of Southern Mozambique. Hence, future field studies assessing conservation agriculture practices effects on yield productivity and environment under drought conditions are suggested to address issues concerned to sustainable agricultural productions which allow us to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 1 (SDG 1) and SDG 2.
DYNAMICS OF ISLAMIC STUDIES IN THE DIGITAL ERA BETWEEN CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Luthfi Atabik
Published: February 2025

The digital era has significantly transformed various fields, including Islamic studies. This study explores the dynamics of Islamic studies in the digital age, highlighting the challenges and opportunities faced by academics, students, and Islamic educational institutions. With the rise of digital connectivity, access to Islamic knowledge has become more widespread and easily available through online platforms, social media, and learning applications. However, alongside these advancements, challenges have emerged, including the spread of inaccurate information, potential distortion of Islamic teachings, and the rise of superficial understandings of Islam. This study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing literature analysis and in-depth interviews with experts in Islamic education. The findings indicate that while issues related to the validity and authority of knowledge sources remain significant, the digital era also presents valuable opportunities. These include fostering global collaboration, expanding access to Islamic education for broader communities, and developing more interactive and innovative learning methods.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD FOR RECITING THE QUR'AN BEAUTIFULLY USING VARIOUS RHYTHMIC TUNES (NAGHAM)
Authors: Arifah Novie , Fakhri Ahmad Fizal
Published: February 2025

Reciting the Quran beautifully is strongly encouraged among readers. This practice is supported by hadith and the scholarly consensus that emphasizes adorning one's recitation with a pleasing voice. By beautifying the recitation, it is believed to bring peace and joy to both the reciter and the listener. This study employs a literature review to compile existing research and explore novel perspectives on enhancing the beauty of Quranic recitation through various melodies (nagham) in contemporary contexts. The findings of this research are anticipated to contribute new insights into the art of Quranic recitation, offering a more enjoyable and fulfilling experience for both reciters and listeners.
Keywords: Methods for melodic Quran recitation, Different types of musical rhythms
Sustained Precordial Pain with Left-bundle Branch Block without Cardiac Enzyme Elevation Secondary to Scorpion Sting Envenomation: A Case Report
Authors: Almáraz Lira Josué Saúl , Salina Ruiz Óscar Iván , Campos Yáñez María Isabel
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Scorpion stings are a significant health problem as they can cause various clinical symptoms, including neuromuscular and cardiovascular ones. Case Report. A female in her sixth decade presented with a clinical diagnosis of grade III scorpion sting intoxication, manifesting sustained precordial pain with left-bundle branch block without elevation of cardiac enzymes, despite the administration of an antidote and supportive management. Conclusions. Scorpion stings can present with atypical cardiovascular manifestations. This report highlights the need for awareness and further research on the cardiovascular effects of scorpion venom to improve patient outcomes.
Blood Product Management: A Comprehensive Analysis in a Trauma Center Hospital
Authors: Mohammadtaghi Kashi Tarannom , Hojjati Mohammad Taher , Ayatollahi Ali Asghar
Published: February 2025

Background: Today, excessive demand for blood products is a common issue across various medical departments. This demand can lead to improper distribution, waste of blood products, and poor availability for emergency patients. Additionally, it increases costs and the workload of blood banks, disrupting the proper distribution of products among medical centers. Ultimately, all these factors contribute to a decrease in the quality of blood products. This study was conducted to investigate the pattern of blood requests and utilization at 5-Azar Educational Hospital in the Golestan province in 2022. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from June to August 2022. The study population comprised all patients who requested blood product reservations upon admission to the hospital. Results: In the present study, 514 patients with requests for blood product reservations were included, resulting in 739 cross-matches and ultimately 677 transfusions. The cross-match to transfusion (C/T) ratio for this study was 1.09, while the probability of transfusion (T %) was 91.6%. The highest incidence of blood reservation wastage was associated with the neurosurgery department. Conclusion: By addressing the identified challenges and promoting adherence to guidelines, healthcare institutions can improve patient outcomes and ensure responsible use of blood resources.
Pregestational Diabetes and Adverse Pregnancy Results: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh , Zaki-Dizaji Majid , Habibi Danial , Sahebi Leyla , Saeidian Amir Hesam , Dashtkoohi Mohadese , Saeedinia Mostafa , Mirtavoos-Mahyar Hanifeh , Heidary Zohreh
Published: February 2025

Background: Hyperglycemia in pregnancy is believed to be associated with negative pregnancy outcomes. However, establishing a causal connection between diabetes mellitus (DM) and adverse pregnancy results is challenging due to the limitations inherent in traditional observational studies. Methods: Our study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) technique to examine the possible influence of pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Summary-level data were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of European ancestry and FinnGen biobank. The primary analysis employed the random-effects multiplicative inverse variance weighted (IVW) technique to appraise causal relationships between PGDM and adverse outcomes. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy were assessed using Cochran’s Q statistic, Rucker’s Q statistic, and the I² statistic. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using MR-Egger and weighted median methods. Additionally, outlier detection techniques, including MR-PRESSO and RadialMR, were applied. Results: The results from the IVW method indicated no significant causal association between PGDM and stillbirth (SB) (OR (SE)=0.99 (0.001); P value=0.992), miscarriage (MIS) (OR (SE)=0.97 (0.016); P value=0.125), and preterm birth (PTB) (OR (SE)=1.072 (0.028); P value=0.014). Pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests revealed no evidence of pleiotropy for SB, MIS, and PTB (MR–Egger intercept P value=0.296, 0.525, and 0.532, respectively), with no observed heterogeneity for SB, MIS, and PTB (Q- P values of IVW were 0.929, 0.999, and 0.069, and MR–Egger were 0.931, 0.999, and 0.065, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there is no direct causal link between PGDM and the likelihood of MIS, SB, and PTB.
From Conventional Detection to Point-of-care Tests (POCT) Method for Pediatric Respiratory Infections Diagnosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Azizian Reza , Mamishi Setareh , Jafari Erfaneh , Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Heidari Tajabadi Fereshteh , Pourakbari Babak
Published: February 2025

Bacterial respiratory infections pose significant health risks to children, particularly infants susceptible to upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated the prevalence of these infections, with pathogens such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Klebsiella species commonly implicated in pediatric cases. The critical need for accurate and timely detection of these bacterial agents has highlighted the importance of advanced diagnostic techniques, including multiplex real-time PCR, in clinical practice. Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) offers several advantages, including rapid results, high sensitivity, and specificity. By accelerating the diagnostic process, this approach enables early intervention and targeted treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes. In addition to PCR technologies, rapid and point-of-care testing (POCT) play a crucial role in the prompt diagnosis of bacterial respiratory infections. These tests are designed to be user-friendly, sensitive, and deliver quick results, making them particularly valuable in urgent clinical settings. POCT tests are often categorized into two main groups: those aimed at determining the cause of infection and those focused on confirming the presence of specific pathogens. By utilizing POCT, healthcare providers can make rapid and informed treatment decisions, leading to more effective management of bacterial respiratory infections in children. As the medical community continues to explore innovative diagnostic approaches, the integration of molecular and rapid testing methods offers significant promise in the realm of bacterial respiratory infections. By adopting these cutting-edge technologies, healthcare professionals can enhance their ability to accurately diagnose these infections, tailor treatment strategies, and ultimately improve patient care.
Investigating the Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-biofilm Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Alginate
Authors: Mousaiyan Soudabe , Baharara Javad , Es-haghi Ali , Yousefi Ehsan
Published: February 2025

Background: In recent years, nanoparticles have gained increasing popularity over traditional physicochemical methods for fighting pathogenic microorganisms. Due to their unique properties, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) have recently emerged as a promising candidate for biomedical applications. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of CeO2 NPs prepared using alginate, following the disc diffusion method. Methods: For this purpose, four bacterial strains were used in this study: two Gram-positive [Bacillus subtilis (PTCC 1365) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923] and two Gram-negative [Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027]. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were measured using the microdilution method, and the anti-biofilm activity of the synthetic material was also assessed. Results: The results demonstrated the inhibitory effects of the synthesized nanoparticles on gram-positive bacteria, with significant growth inhibition observed in S. aureus and B. subtilis, after exposure to CeO2 NPs. Conclusion: CeO2 NPs synthesized by alginate exhibited significant antibacterial effects against Gram-positive bacteria and could disrupt biofilm structure and prevent further biofilm formation. The findings highlight the potential of CeO2 NPs synthesized by alginate as a novel antibacterial and anti-biofilm therapeutic agent.
Associations Between Serum Autoantibodies, Cytokines, Complements, and Clinical Manifestations in SLE Patients
Authors: Kailashiya Vikas , Singh Usha , Kailashiya Jyotsna
Published: February 2025

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multiple organ involvement and autoantibodies. However, the role of these autoantibodies in the pathogenesis and clinical symptoms remains unclear. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the associations between autoantibodies, clinical symptoms, complement levels, and cytokine levels in SLE patients. Methods: This study examined 41 confirmed SLE patients. Their serum autoantibody status, cytokine levels, complement (C3 and C4) levels, and clinical presentations were recorded and associations were calculated using standard statistical methods. Results: The most common symptoms in the patients were arthritis, fever, skin rashes, photosensitivity, and oral ulcers, while the most frequently detected autoantibodies were anti-Ro/SSA, anti-U1-RNP, anti-dsDNA, and anti-Sm antibodies. The presence of most autoantibodies was associated with low serum C4 levels. Moreover, the presence of anti-Ro/SSA, anti-U1-RNP, anti-Sm, and anti-dsDNA antibodies increased the risk of symptoms such as fever, arthritis, morning stiffness, and generalized edema. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate the role of particular autoantibodies and cytokines in pathogenesis and appearance of various clinical features of SLE. This knowledge can be applied for the prediction of organ involvement, based on early identification of autoantibodies in SLE patients.
Exploring mental health patterns of African international university students in Germany: A review
Authors: Zefack Jude Tsafack , Yankam Brenda Mbouamba , Awatboh Fuanyi , Dora Mbonjo Bitsie , Fotindong Esua Alphonsius
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The increasing globalization of higher education has led to a rise in African international students studying at German universities. Mental health issues such as depression and anxiety are prevalent among this group, and understanding the factors that influence their sociocultural and psychological adaptation is critical. This review aims to explore the mental health patterns of African international university students in Germany, focusing on the challenges they face, their psychological adaptation, and access to culturally sensitive mental health services. Methods: The search followed the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar using specific keywords, including "mental health," "anxiety," "depression," "African international students," and "Germany." Studies that were peer-reviewed, focused on African international students in Germany, and had a social epidemiological emphasis on mental health were included. Results: African students face higher levels of anxiety compared to students from other regions, mainly due to cultural distance and experiences of racism. Despite their significant presence, mental health services tailored to their needs are limited. Due to a shortage of relevant articles, a detailed analysis of African students’ mental health could not be conducted. Conclusion: African international students in Germany may face unique mental health challenges, including heightened anxiety and significant difficulties adapting to their new environment. These challenges are compounded by a lack of culturally tailored mental health services. Addressing these issues requires targeted studies to understand their unique needs and the development of a more inclusive academic environment that supports the specific needs of African students.
Sexual Quality of Life and Its Contributory Factors in Iranian Couples with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia-Afflicted Spouses: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mohamadkhani Shahri Leila , Allameh Farzad , Nasiri Maliheh , Keshavarz Zohreh
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The sexual quality of life (SQoL) of the couples can be significantly affected by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study aims to investigate the status of SQOL and its contributory factors in 105 Iranian couples with BPH-afflicted spouses, who visited Urology clinics of hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran-Iran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, , the data were collected using questionnaires of Sexual Quality of LifeMale (SQoL-M), Sexual Quality of Life-Female (SQoL-F), International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), and Female Sexual Functional Index (FSFI). Multiple regression was performed using SPSS 20 software. Results: The variables of IIEF Overall Satisfaction sub-score (IIEF-OS) (B=2.895, P<0.001), IIEF Erectile Function sub-score (IIEF-EF) (B=0.481, P<0.001), FSFI Pain sub-score (FSFI-P) (B=-2.348, P=0.001), male’s Financial situation (B=4.417 P=0.034), and disorder in male’s social life (B=5.553, P=0.013) were the final predictors of Men’s SQoL (R2 =0.677, ADJ.R2 =0.660, R=0.823). The variables of FSFI Satisfaction sub-score (FSFI-S) (B=9.223, P<0.001), FSFI-P (B=-1.696, P=0.028), and IIEF-OS (B=2.918, P=0.002) were the final predictors of their women’s SQoL (R2 =0.724, ADJ.R2 =0.716, R=0.851). Conclusions: In sum, the negative effect of BPH on the SQoL of the couples was confirmed and variables such as the male’s financial situation from the socio-demographic factors, disorder in the male’s social life from the factors related to BPH and FSFI-P, IIEF-OS Along with IIEF-EF from the factors of related to the couple’s sexual function (FSFI and IIEF) were identified as the final predictors of Men’s SQoL. Also, the variables of FSFI-S, FSFI-P, and IIEF-OS from the factors of related to the couple’s sexual function (FSFI and IIEF) emerged as the final predictors of Women’s SQoL. Accordingly, the sexual function of the couples with BPH was identified as one of the final predictors of their SQoL. Therefore, proper counselling and increased sexual awareness among couples may have played an important role in improving the quality of their sexual lives. It was recommended that health policy makers should prioritize the significance of SQoL and its association with the overall health of the couples with BPH in educational programs.
Ethnomedicinal uses and pharmacological activities of scarlet gourd
Authors: Sai Harshini Sura Ramesh , Vijaykumar Deeksha , Venugopal Vennala Sadali , Balakrishan Thanushree , Srinivas Monisha Bhupalam , Thabassum Ramsha , Mushtaq Adnan , Ashok Kumar Bagepalli Srinivas
Published: February 2025

Background and aims: Scarlet gourd, a common name for Coccinia grandis, is an essential plant due to its immense medicinal properties. It is traditionally used to treat bronchitis, cough, skin diseases, epilepsy, psoriasis, wound healing, smallpox, leprosy, gonorrhea, malaria, and jaundice. Methods: The scientific information on C. grandis was obtained from various sources, including Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and other scientific databases, covering 2005 to 2022. Results: The bioactive components of C. grandis include taraxerone, lycopene, heptacosane, cephalandrine, lupenol, vitamins, triterpenoids, and saponins. The pharmacological activities of the scarlet gourd are antidiabetic, antipyretic, antimalarial, antihistamine, antihypertensive, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antitussive, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antifungal effects. Conclusion: Due to its bioactive components, scarlet gourd (C. grandis) exhibits diverse pharmacological activities, including antidiabetic and anticancer effects. However, many traditional uses remain scientifically unverified, warranting further research.
The association between sleep consolidation and growth and development in early childhood: A systematic review
Authors: Bemanalizadeh Maryam , Parsapoor Mahan , Emami Leila , Imani Vida , Parsapour Zahra , Kelisahdi Roya
Published: February 2025

Background: Achieving sleep consolidation, during the first years of life can be a key factor affecting child growth and development. To our knowledge, for the first time, we aimed to systematically assess the relationships between sleep consolidation and growth and development in early childhood. Methods: Following the latest version of PRISMA, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to February 2023. We included observational studies in which 0-3-year-old children were enrolled and the association between sleep consolidation and either children’s growth or development were assessed. The quality assessment was done using the NIH quality assessment tool. Results: Out of the 342 studies initially screened, 18 studies met the eligibility criteria, encompassing a total of 10068 infants and toddlers under 3 years of age. Overall, not in all but in some studies sleep consolidation showed a significant association with better cognitive, social-emotional and language outcomes. However, the relationship between sleep consolidation and motor development was less clear, with no significant associations observed across the studies. Additionally, no significant connections were found between sleep consolidation and physical growth indices, such as body mass index (BMI) or weight gain. Conclusion: According to the existing evidence, at least, the potential associations between sleep consolidation and child development particularly cognitive, social-emotional, and language cannot be ruled out. However, due to the heterogenicity of results and inconsistent findings in some studies, we cannot still strongly declare that sleep consolidation is a remarkable predictor for child growth and development.
Nosocomial Bacterial Infections: Epidemiology, Source, and Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Hajiarab Tala , Mostafavi Behnam , Firoozeh Farzaneh
Published: February 2025

Background: Nosocomial infections, or healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), occur in patients receiving medical services. These infections are a major global concern, resulting in significant morbidity, mortality, and lethal complications. The most common types include central line-associated bloodstream infections (BSIs), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), surgical site infections (SSIs), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Effective management requires the implementation of infection control programs. This review aimed to investigate various types of nosocomial infections and antibiotic-resistant pathogens, their sources, modes of transmission, and preventive measures against hospital-acquired infections. Methods: We conducted extensive searches in online databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar to identify published studies on nosocomial infections and bacterial resistance. The search terms included "nosocomial infections", "bacterial infections with antimicrobial resistance", and "treatment strategies". Out of a total of 520 retrieved studies, 109 were selected for further review. Results: Nosocomial infections and antibiotic resistance represent major challenges in many countries, leading to significant mortality and morbidity rates. In particular, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and other bacterial strains have been identified as the main causes of these infections. In addition, multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered a critical priority pathogen contributing to nosocomial infections. The results of this study indicated that the highest levels of antibiotic resistance are observed in penicillin, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones. It is noteworthy that herbal compounds, including aloe vera and nanoparticles, may play an important role in the treatment and prevention of MDR strains. Conclusion: Nosocomial infections are increasing despite existing infection control measures, leading to higher mortality rates in critically ill patients. Furthermore, given the potential of plant compounds and nanoparticles, the results of this study could help advance new strategies for improving the monitoring and prevention of HAIs in hospitals and health centers.
Molecular Pathotyping, Phylogenetic Grouping, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Isolates from Diarrheic and Healthy Children in Babel Province, Iraq
Authors: Allawande Seena J , Hashemitabar Gholamreza , Askari Badouei Mahdi , Dahmoshi Hussein O.M.Al
Published: February 2025

Background: Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterium found in the intestines of animals and humans. Some E. coli strains can cause diarrhea, urinary tract infection, and other diseases. Objectives: The current study deals with molecular pathotyping, phylogenetic grouping, and antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli isolates from children with diarrhea and healthy children in Babel province, Iraq. Methods: In total, stool samples were collected from 100 children under 5 years of age with diarrhea who were admitted to the Maternity Hospital and Children Hospital in Babel, Iraq, and 40 controls. The antimicrobial test was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocol. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was used to detect two types of genes, one for pathotypes (stx, elt, est, eaeA, aggR, and ipaH) and another for phylotypes (TspE4.C2, chuA, yjaA, and arpA). Results: Among the isolates examined, 4 distinct diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) pathotypes were identified based on their virulence genotypes: enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). The prevalence rates of these pathotypes in the patient group were 35%, 6%, 3%, and 1%, respectively. In fact, the majority of DEC isolates (15% of healthy and 35% of patient groups) belonged to EAEC. Most isolates belonged to phylogroup E (21%), followed by phylogroup B1 (18%) and phylogroups A and F (11%). Antimicrobial sensitivity test results showed resistance to erythromycin, ceftazidime, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in 97%, 77%, and 63% of children with diarrhea, respectively. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was identified in 69% of DEC isolates. Conclusion: Our results underscore the significance of DEC isolates, particularly the EAEC pathotype, in causing diarrhea in children in Iraq. The notable level of antimicrobial resistance observed among DEC isolates highlights the need for implementing measures to control the dissemination of resistant bacteria.
Analysis of the impact of local fiscal expenditures in each of Korea's 16 cities and provinces on regional output and consumption due to changes in population structure
Authors:   THE KOREA REGIONAL ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION, Paek Hyunhwa , Kim Youngduk , Park Eunyub
Published: February 2025

This study is based on the continuous increase in local fiscal expenditure, and from 2001 to 2019, 16 Korea's annual social development expenses and economic development expenses panel data are used to analyze the impact of fiscal expenditure and aging on the regional output (GRDP) and consumption. In particular, differential analysis was performed by applying the interaction with the elderly population ratio. In order to assess the effects of local fiscal expenditures on calculation and consumption, the convergence model of Barro and Sala-I-Martin (1991) was applied to confirm the strong robustness of the results. As a result of the analysis, the spending of social development expenses had a negative impact on the regional output and consumption growth, but economic development expenses had a positive effect. On the other hand, spending on social development for the elderly population has been confirmed to have a positive impact on regional output and consumption. These results are consistent in the convergence model and provide an important implications for the future financial expenditure policy direction of our economy.
The Distribution and Characteristics of Regional Innovation Growth Capacity in Korea
Authors:   THE KOREA REGIONAL ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION, Huh Mun-Gu
Published: February 2025

This study explores regional innovation capacity in South Korea, which is currently grappling with a demographic time-bomb, a slowing economy, and worsening inequality between the country’s provincial regions and the Seoul Capital Area (SCA). The concentration of high-value industries in the SCA exacerbates regional disparities as young workers migrate from the provinces in droves, accelerating the graying of regional populations and forcing many provincial localities to confront the reality of local extinction. For this work, I examine the critical role played by innovation as the fuel of a virtuous economic cycle and key driver of regional economic growth and job creation. The analysis produces evidence of significant disparities in regional innovation growth capacity, especially between the SCA and Daejeon - Korea’s two innovation capitals - and the rest of the country.
The study carries the following implications for policy. First, the government should work with Korea’s provincial regions to build an economic environment conducive to innovation, beginning with supporting good educational opportunities for local youth. Second, Korea needs to facilitiate technology transfers and knowledge sharing to support startups. It should also work to establish innovation hubs that can help bridge the gap between R&D and bringing products to market. Finally, investing in education, R&D infrastructure, and entrepreneurship policies is essential to stimulating local economic growth.
Analysis of changes in the contribution rate of manufacturing industry growth by technological level due to change in R&D investment
Authors:   THE KOREA REGIONAL ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION, Park Seungkyu
Published: February 2025

This study empirically analyzed the changes in the contribution rate of each production factor to the production of added value in the manufacturing industry due to economic and social changes by considering the determinants of each production factor. In particular, the difference in the change in the contribution rate of production factors in the manufacturing industry by technological level was identified over a period to determine the impact of economic and social changes.
External shocks due to economic and social changes were considered as decrease in R&D research and development investment. It was found that low-technology level manufacturing was more vulnerable to external shocks than high-technology level manufacturing. Also, external shocks had the characteristic of reducing manufacturing growth by being linked to a decrease in the contribution rate of related production factors as well as a decrease in the contribution rate of R&D. In addition, the role of total factor productivity in maintaining manufacturing value-added production due to the decrease in the R&D contribution rate was identified. In addition, the R&D contribution rate decreased more due to the spread of COVID19 compared to the financial crisis, and the role of total factor productivity in offsetting this was emphasized.
The Postmodern Code of the Novel by E. Jelinek "The Pianist"
Authors:   Kaluga State University n.a. K. E. Tsiolkovski, Pokhalenkov O.E. , Glukhova K.A. ,   Kaluga State University n.a. K. E. Tsiolkovski
Published: February 2025

The paper presents an analysis of the socio-psychological novel "The Pianist" by the Austrian writer Elfrida Jelinek. The research is based on the distinctive features of postmodernism highlighted in I. Hassan’s essay "Towards a Concept of Postmodernism", which can be found in the works of this literary trend. Of all the criteria for further interpretation, the following were chosen: “schizophrenia”, “case”, “antithesis” and “intertext» since they allow us to pay attention to both the structural and semantic sides of the text. During the study, the features of the narrative structure and subject organization, the oppositions of images and concepts associated with the characters and their perception of the world were identified and analyzed, allusions to information that goes beyond the text of the novel and complements the plot existing in it were found, and occasion were considered from the point of view of narratology. All the concepts of the text analyzed in the work further serve to a deeper understanding of the conflict of the work.
The World of Children in Vadim Shefner's Prose
Authors:   Independent Researcher (St. Petersburg, Russian Federation), Dobryakov S.V.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the work is to describe the fiction of Vadim Sergeevich Shefner, which is united by the theme and problem of childhood. The circle of texts corresponding to this is described. The author created these texts throughout the 1940s - 1970s. The problem of self-determination and education of young characters, moral conflicts in the difficult conditions of the formation of adolescent characters are studied. This is Soviet life and homelessness of the 1920s, the difficulties of war and post-war times. The article correlates the plots of the stories with the facts of the writer’s biography. The technique of artistic biography is described. With its help, the author in a work of fiction talks about the moral development of his double. The “biography” of the hero correlates with the author’s biographical context. The context is reflected in the writer's memoirs. The context of Russian Soviet prose, the themes of which are similar to Shefner’s work, is taken into account.
Quality of postnatal care service provided in Gandhi Memorial Hospital
Authors: Murad Elham
Published: February 2025

Half of maternal mortality and two-thirds of neonatal mortality occur during the postnatal period. Effective, high-quality intervention during the postpartum period will significantly reduce the number of maternal and neonatal deaths. This study aims to assess the quality of the postnatal care service provided at Gandhi Memorial Hospital Addis Ababa. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May-June 2022 in Gandhi Memorial Hospital, mothers attending postnatal care were interviewed. Data Analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Results were presented using frequencies and percentages, as well as bivariate and multivariate analysis was conducted and those variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant the satisfaction level of mothers was used as the measure of the quality of care provided. The respondent’s ages were in the range of 16-42 years, with a mean of 27.3 ±4.59, and a median of 27, the majority between 20 years and 34 years old. Nearly all mothers who delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery(SVD) stayed less than 24 hours in the hospital after their delivery. Being married, delivered by SVD, being informed on the procedure to be done, obtaining recommended nursing care, and, being counseled were obtained to be significant factors for maternal satisfaction with the overall quality of postnatal care provided in Gandhi Memorial Referral Hospital. Nearly half of the mothers before discharge were satisfied with the overall quality of postnatal care provided. Shortages of material resources were observed, and most of the nursing care needed to be provided for the mothers was neglected or missed.