bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Al Qur an dan Peradaban Manusia (Membangun Peradaban Masyarakat dalam Negara)
Authors: Masyhuri Ahmad Ari
Published: August 2023

Peradaban adalah bentuk budaya paling tinggi dari suatu kelompok masyarakat yang dibedakan secara nyata dari makhluk-makhluk lainnya, Agama (baca Islam) adalah faktor terpenting yang me- nentukan karakteristik suatu peradaban. Peradaban mencerminkan kualitas kehidupan manusia dalam masyarakat. Kualitasnya diukur dari ketentraman (human security), kedamaian (peacefull), keadilan (justice), kesejahteraan (welfare) yang merata. Perwujudan keadilan sosial politik ekonomi dan budaya tidak akan sempurna dengan agen- da yang serampangan, tetapi ia akan matang jika dilakukan secara sadar dan terencana, karena itu Negara berkewajiban memberikan pelayanan dan kepastian hukum yang setara terhadap kehidupan ma- syarakat yang beragam tersebut (keberagaman adalah sunnatullah; QS. Al-Hujarat [49]:13). Tekad masyarakat untuk membentuk suatu Pemerintahan Negara yang bertujuan melindungi segenap bangsa masyarakat dalam satu Negara, memajukan kesejahteraan umum, mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa, dan ikut melaksanakan ketertiban dunia yang berdasarkan kemerdekaan, perdamaian abadi dan keadilan sosial sebagaimana ter- tera dalam pembukaan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, memiliki esensi dalam membangun dan mengembangkan sumber daya manusia yang bermutu, Sumber daya manusia yang terampil memanfaatkan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, berbudaya dan bermoral yang berakar dari Agama yang berkembang di suatu Negara. Ada tiga bentuk masyarakat sejahtera yang dicatat oleh Al-Quran dan ditegaskan oleh para ulama, ketiga bentuk tersebut memiliki perbedaan satu sama lain dalam karakteristik, sifat-sifat, landasan dan tiang pe- nyangga yang menjadi sandaran (Dr. M. Ahmad Khalafallah; Hakaza Yabni al-Islam, 2008)
Pandangan Sheikh Mahmud Syaltut Tentang Agama dan Negara
Authors: Bakar Nasuha Abu
Published: August 2023

Hubungan antara agama dan negara senantiasa menjadi topik yang hangat dalam pembicaraan mengenai ketatanegaraan, ti- dak terkecuali para Mufassir Timur. Artikel berikut ini memuat pan- dangan Sheikh Mahmud Syaltut Yang menurutnya agama (Islam) dan negara memiliki hubungan yang sangat erat dan kuat, ibarat sebuah pondasi dan bangunan. Sebuah bangunan tidak akan dapat terwujud tanpa adanya pondasi, demikian juga sebaliknya pondasi tanpa ada- nya bangunan, tidak akan berbentuk. Pandangan Sheikh al-Azhar ini dalam beberapa sisi berkesesuaian dengan pandangn al-Ghazali yang mengilustrasikan tentang hubungan antara agama (Islam) dan negara seperti saudara kembar yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dan tidak bisa dibeda bedakan. Oleh karenanya kedua tokoh Islam ini mengganggap bahwa tidak mungkin akan tumbuh dan berkembang agama bila tidak disertai dengan tegaknya negara, demikian sebaliknya tidak akan terbentuk negara bilamana tidak memperhatikan agama, karena kedua- nya saling membutuhkan dan dibutuhkan.
Wawasan Al-Qur’an Tentang Kisah Dzulqarnain (Antara Realitas Dan Mitos)
Authors: Anwar Hamdani
Published: August 2023

Dzulqarnain merupakan salah satu tokoh yang diungkap al-Qur’an. Berbagai pendapat mengenai siapa sebenarnya dia ini diungkap oleh para mufassir dalam berbagai versi. Versi pertama mengungkapkan bahwa dia adalah Alexander the Great (yang juga disebut Iskandar Agung) dari Macedonia, Yunani. Versi kedua menyebut bahwa yang dimaksud dengan Dzulqarnain adalah Raja Darius I (521 – 485 SM) kaisar dari Persia. Versi ketiga mengungkapkan bahwa yang dimaksud dengan Dzulqarnain adalah Abi Bakar bin Ifriqy. Ia adalah seorang raja dari Himyar yang terletak di semenanjung Arabia. Selain itu, muncul pula pendapat bahwa cerita tentang keberadaan tokoh ini merupakan simbol saja. Ia tidak pernah ada secara definitif dalam sejarah. Tulisan ini mengemukakan dua paradigma historis dan mitis yang bertentangan, namun saling melengkapi. Sehingga sosok Dzulqarnain dapat dipahami sebagai seorang tokoh, kekuatan, lembaga atau sistem yang positif dan melindungi serta mendatangkan kesejahteraan bagi mereka yang berlindung di bawah kekuasaannya. Karena itu, paling tidak manfaat sebagai ‘ibrah atau pelajaran dari kisah ini, tentunya merupakan hal pertama yang harus dipetik sebelum yang lainnya.
Wawasan Al-Qur’an Tentang Kalender Islam (Perkembangan Upaya Penyatuan di Indonesia)
Authors: Amri Rupi’i
Published: August 2023

Umat Islam di Indonesia masih berbeda-beda dalam menentukan awal bulan kamariah sebagai dasar pembuatan Kalender Islam. Perbedaan ini mengakibatkan perbedaan dalam memulai peribadatan-peribadatan tertentu, khususnya awal Ramadan, Idul Fitri, dan Idul Adha. Perbedaan tersebut disebabkan oleh dua hal pokok, yaitu segi penetapan hukum, dan segi sistem atau metode penentuan awal bulan. Tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui bagaimana wawasan al-Qur’an tentang kalender Islam dan perkembangan upaya penyatuannya di Indonesia. Temuan-temuan dalam tulisan ini adalah: (1) Kalender Islam di Indonesia diwarnai oleh konsep dua ormas Islam besar, yakni Muhammadiyah dengan metode hisab hakiki wujud al-hilal, dan Nahdatul Ulama (NU) dengan metode rukyah al-hilal yang dipandu oleh hisab imkan ar-rukyah (visibilitas hilal) dengan kriteria minimal hilal dapat dilihat 2°; (2) Tokoh yang gigih mengupayakan penyatuan kalender Islam di Indonesia adalah Thomas Djamaluddin dan Susiknan Azhari. Kriteria visibilitas hilal Thomas Djamaluddin sebagai upaya penyatuan kalender Islam di Indonesia bertumpu pada redefinisi hilal, keberlakuan rukyah al-hilal atau matla’, dan kriteria visibilitas hilal 2000 dan 2011; (3) Susiknan Azhari mengemukakan bahwa hubungan Muhammadiyah dan NU dalam kaitannya dengan penggunaan hisab dan rukyah dalam penentuan awal bulan kamariah memiliki empat model, yakni konflik, independensi, dialog, dan integrasi.
Wawasan Al-Qur’an tentang Estetika
Authors: Hasan Abdur Rokhim
Published: August 2023

Estetika merupakan cabang filsafat yang menelaah tentang kepekaan terhadap seni dan keindahan. Pandangan estetika antara satu orang dengan orang lainnnya bisa berbeda-beda. Demikian pula cakupan makna dan dimensi estetika. Wawasan al-Qur’an tentang estetika ternyata melampaui wawasan filsafat, yang bukan saja terbatas pada bentuk maupun materinya, melainkan juga pada nilai- nilai positif yang keseluruhannya mengandung keindahan. Lebih jauh lagi, bukan hanya semua fenomena di dunia yang disebut oleh al-Qur’an mengandung estetika, melainkan juga janji-janji ukhrawi yang belum menjadi ainul yaqin masuk menjadi wawasan Al-Qur’an.
Wawasan Al-Qur’an Mengenai Metodologi Qur’ani dalam Penafsiran Kontemporer
Authors: Sadari
Published: August 2023

Ketersaingan dunia Islam dalam belantika keilmuan disebabkan oleh lemahnya metodologi. Satu-satunya metodologi yang ditemukan dalam Islam adalah ushul fiqh. Namun ushul fiqh, sudah tidak lagi dapat berkembang karena telah dianggap sebagai sesuatu yang baku dan tidak boleh mengalami perkembangan. Dalam konteks tersebut, posisis ushul fiqh bukan lagi sebagai metodologi, akan tapi sudah menjadi hak paten bagi masing-masing tokoh mazhab dan pengikutnya. Metodologi Qur’ani ini diharapkan, dapat digunakan untuk menyadarkan umat Islam untuk terus berijtihad dengan beragam pandangan kontemporer, tetapi tetap didasarkan pada inspirasi dasar al-Qur’an sebagai sumber utama dan petunjuk dunia dan akhirat. Metodologi bebasis Qur’ani di sini, merujuk pada dua tokoh pakar pemikiran Islam yakni Fazlur Rahman dan Muhammad Syahrur. Fazlur Rahman menawarkan metode penafsiran al-Qur’an yang disebutnya dengan teori gerakan ganda (Double movement). Sementara Muhammad Syahrur menawarkan metode penafsiran al- Qur’an yang disebut dengan teori batas (hudud, limit). Melalui teori penafsiran double movement dan hudud tersebut diharapkan mampu membuat revolusioner ilmiah atas ilmu ushul fiqh sebagai ciri khas produk metodologi umat Islam.
Wawasan Al-Qur’an Tenteng Kekafiran
Authors: Hariyadi Muhammad , Nurhakim Lukman
Published: August 2023

Kafir merupakan istilah terbuka yang secara khusus ditujukan bagi orang-orang yang tidak mendapatkan hidayah Allah, melanggar perintah Allah, dan tidak mengakui Allah sebagai Tuhannya. Konsep kekafiran pada hakekatnya merupakan konsep yang memiliki cabang luas dan bertingkat-tingkat bukan hanya mengenai kepada orang-orang yang berada di luar agama Islam, melainkan bisa mengenai kepada orang muslim sekalipun dengan tingkat “kekafiran” yang ringan, sehingga seseorang yang telah dikafirkan orang lain, tidak otomatis berlaku hukum kafir bagi dirinya dan tidak secara langsung keluar dari Islam, melainkan harus melalui proses detail dan panjang di meja pengadilan karena hakim lah yang berhak menentukan status hukum kekafiran seseorang. Tulisan ini mengungkap makna kafir dalam berbagai derivasinya, arti maupun substansinya agar konsep kekafiran dapat ditempatkan pada proporsinya, dan orang dapat membedakan bahasan kafir secara teoritis maupun praktis. Di dalam kenyataannya, kafir secara teoritis tidak begitu mengkhawatirkan kita, akan tetapi pengkafiran secara praktis sering kali menjadi momok bagi masyarakat, karena beratnya konsekwensi yang diterima seseorang setelah dirinya dinyatakan kafir.
Kajian Tafsir Falsafi
Authors: Putra Aldomi
Published: August 2023

Tafsir dan filsafat adalah dua jenis keilmuan yang berbeda, namun ketika keilmuan filsafat digunakan untuk memahami Alqu- ran, maka akan melahirkan corak penafsiran yang disebut dengan tafsir falsafi. Dalam tulisan ini akan diungkap perkembangan kajian tafsir falsafi, yang dimulai pada masa khalifah Abbasiyah, dengan ge- rakan menerjemahkan karya-karya filsafat Yunani kedalam bahasa Arab. Dalam perkembangannya tafsrir falsafi menuai pro dan kontra, al-Ghalazi misalnya menolak penafsiran yang menggunkan pendeka- tan filsafat, dan tafsir falsafi bertentangan dengan agama. Diantara mufassir yang menggunakan corak falsafi ini adalah al-Farabi, Ibnu Sina, dan Ikhwan as-Shafa. Mereka berusaha menafsirkan Alquran dengan menggunakan teori-teori filsafat. Usaha yang dilakukan oleh mufassir tersebut adalah untuk merekonsiliasikan antara agama dan filsafat.
Penguatan Nilai Karakter Perang Badar untuk Dunia Pendidikan
Authors: Hariyadi Muhammad , Fathulloh Moh Kholis
Published: August 2023

Perang badar merupakan salah satu peperangan yang sa- ngat istimewa bagi kaum muslimin. Selain merupakan perang perta- ma yang berpengaruh positif pada perkembangan kaum muslimin di Madinah, perang badar semakin meyakinkan kaum muslimin bahwa agama yang mereka anut merupakan agama yang paling benar di muka bumi. Artikel ini membicarakan mengenai beberapa karakter yang penulis dapat analisakan dari perang badar, diantaranya: taat sepenuhnya kepada Allah dan Rasul-Nya, membiasakan zikir tanpa henti, teguh pendirian dalam memperjuangkan agama Islam apapun akibatnya, menghindari perselisihan sesame muslim, Sabar dalam segala keadaan pada setiap waktu dan keadaan, serta tawakkal kepada Allah setelah menuntaskan berbagai kegiatan yang menjadi sebab se- gala sesuatu. Enam karakter tersebut diimplementasikan dalam dunia Pendidikan melalui metode keteladanan, metode pembiasaan, meto- de cerita dan kegiatan ekstrakulikuler yang ternyata memiliki dampat dan pengaruh yang sangat signifikan dalam menumbuhkan kedisiplin- an, semangat, ketangguhan, kesabaran dan kekuatan jiwa pada priba- di siswa yang diajarkan.
Corak Maqashidi dalam Tafsir Alquran
Authors: Anwar Hamdani
Published: August 2023

Maqashidi is a theory that contains the values and goals which the aim of Allah rules is derived. The theory which is an im- portant part of the study of the science of Ushul fiqh, is also devel- oped in the Qur’anic commentary, so its interpretation based on the purpose of establishing the Shari’a (maqashid asy-syari’ah), has been able to produce a contextual interpretation, exposing the universal meaning of the Qur’an and minimize the dissent that always exists in interpretation. The Attempts in aligning the information from the Qur’an with the purpose of the Shari’a (maqashid asy-syari’ah) like this is a worth appreciation activity, given the function of the Qur’an as a guide for the welfare of humanity. This paper introduces the in- terpretation of Maqashidi which is expected to provide understand- ing to the Muslims of the importance of tafsir maqasidi at this time.
Teori Pendekatan Tafsir: Teologis, Ideologis Ke Kritis
Authors: Arif Zainal
Published: August 2023

The development of Qur’anic interpretation can be catego- rized into three periods: classical, modern and contemporary. Each of these categories of interpretation has some of the typical character- istics that we describe in detail in the following article. Each of these categories also has movements from: mythological to idiological and critical. Now, in the map of Islamic thought, these three forms of in- terpretation (classical, modern and contemporary) also have their own supportive community. The classical supporters of the classical tafsir include the salaf al-shalih and the majority of Islamic societies, later known as the scripturalist, fundamental, and traditional Isla- mists. The support community of modern interpretation is among Muslim scholars who interact with many Western scholars. The com- munity of contemporary commentators is Islamic-liberal-reformist, pluralist or substantial Islamist.
Metode Hermeneutika dan Implementasinya dalam Menafsirkan Alquran
Authors: Ridho Abdul Rasyid
Published: August 2023

ooking at the times, humanitarian problems have grown so complex, ranging from genetic problems, space exploration, edu- cation, interreligious relationships, gender issues, human rights, and so on. The complexity of these developments is heavily influenced by the technology that has made everyone around the world interact easily and is not sealed by geography and time limits. The rapid de- velopment of the era makes the sciences of Islam unavoidably must follow the current era, and without exception the science of inter- pretation. Science of interpretation is required to always grow in the face of the complexity of humanity issues. Here then the idea of the use of hermeneutics born of “another world” becomes a necessity for the present interpreters. Hermeneutics as a methodology in the in- terpretation of the Qur’an is considered quite important and urgent to do because hermeneutics not only speak in the text only but also consider the context and role of subjectivity of an interpreter, so, by using this method, interpretation or study of the Qur’an is expected to be contextually actual contextual and answer the challenges of the times.
Teori Kesetaraan Melalui Eksplorasi Kesakralan Teks
Authors: Ilyas Deddy
Published: August 2023

Equality, has become a problem even a long time ago-and continues in the future. Equality even became an important discus- sion agreed by the participating countries on the UN commission council for women in March 2004 ago. Put simply, the principles of equality arise because of the inequalities of male masculinity that are beginning to be threatened by the changes that have occurred in women’s recent existence. These changes encourage men to break out of the rigid divide of gender roles, both in the domestic and public spheres. The Qur’an, which is seen by most Muslims as the word of Allah, when it is understood in a mere textual way, will produce a hi- erarchical tendency of understanding that is sacral and bias a barrier to the implementation of equality. This paper is a small reconcilia- tion attempt of contemporarly contemplated views of equality which should be the idea of conservative masculinity associated with Islam.
Teori Nasikh-Mansukh dalam Alquran (Pendekatan Tafsir Maudhu’i)
Authors: Amri Rupi’i
Published: August 2023

Nasikh-mansukh in the Qur’an is an interesting theme to be studied as always. This is due to the Qur’an, on the one hand as the holy book of Muslims which does not contain contradictions (ikhtilaf), as ex- plained by the Qur’an (Qs An-Nisa ‘/ 4: 82), but, on the other hand, the Qur’an, in some verses, mentions the word nasakh, as in Qs Al-Baqar- ah / 2: 106. The scholars, in this concern, differ in explaining the word nasakh in the verse. Differences of opinion on this issue are broadly grouped into two. First, a group that support the existence of nasakh in the sense of abrogation in the Qur’an. The scholars who support this view are Ibn Kasir and Ahmad Mustafa al-Maragi. Secondly, a group that reject the existence of nasakh in the sense of abrogation. This group prefers to mention the word nasakh with takhsis (specializing). This is done to avoid the understanding of the cancellation of the Qur’anic law revealed by Allah. The scholars included in this group are Abu Muslim al-Asfahani, ‘Abd al-Muta’al al-Jabri, and Muhammad al-Bahi.
Menyoal Wacana Perluasan Waktu Haji (Studi Kritis atas Pemikiran Masdar Farid Mas’udi)
Authors: Hariyadi Muhammad , Cholik Adib Minanul
Published: August 2023

This article criticizes Masdar Faried Masudi’s viewed that the implementation of the pilgrimage should not be done only once, ie 9 to 13 Dzulhijjah, but can be implemented for several times within a three-month span. The view is based on the many difficulties (masy- aqqah) and several tragedies that occur during the Haj season because Muslims around the world run wukuf and throw jumrah at the same time and time. The argument proposed by Masdar is the timing of the three-month pilgrimage time and the coincidence of the implementati- on of the pilgrimage of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) which coincided with the 9th Dzulhijjah.

After the author conducted an analysis of the hadiths of the Prophet about the pilgrimage, the Prophet’s statement that Hajj was the Ara- fah, not a coincidence but was one of the provision of Hajj, so that anyone who performs Hajj must be present at Arafah, otherwise the Haj is not valid. Attendance on Arafah also became consessus of agree- ment among the scholars. Second, the three-month period is indeed an area of ijtihad. Meanwhile the views of the scholars on the specificity of the Hajj on September 9-13, in addition to the direct practice of the Prophet, are also the takhsis (specifity) of the context of the pilgrima- ge towards the general perspective of Qur’an, thus having a reasoned consideration rational and theological that become stronger than just a scholar’s ijtihad (independent exertion of jurist in finding solutions).
Konstruksi Tafsir Akademik di Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri
Authors: Faizin
Published: August 2023

This article discusses the development of writing academic interpretations at PTKIN, specifically the interpretation dissertation written at the Postgraduate School of Syarif Hidayatullah UIN and Su- nan Kalijaga UIN Postgraduate Program, using the sociology of kno- wledge approach. The results of this study indicate that the development of academic interpretations at PTKIN shows a significant increase in symptoms along with the changing social order of contemporary society with all forms of complexity and following the dynamics of the develop- ment of contemporary science, both in the East and in the West.
Regarding social reality, academic interpretation seeks to find solutions to various social problems that occur in the community. This general- ly shows a shift in the paradigm of interpretation from normative to emancipatory. Regarding the reality of the development of contempo- rary science, academic interpretation seems responsive and dialectical. This shows an attitude of openness to the dynamics of the development of contemporary science. Overall, it can be concluded that the academic interpretation in PTKIN no longer revolves around the theocentric-ide- ological or ideological-opportunistic reasoning area, but has shifted to the anthropocentric-dialectical region.
Etika Sosial dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Nurkholis
Published: August 2023

Qur’anic social ethic studies with a thematic exegesis ap- proach (maudu’i) toward Surah An-Nahl/ 16: 90 seen as containing a complete social ethic. It consists of three aspects: al-‘Adl (justice), al-Ihsan (freferable), and itta’izil qurba (giving charity to family member). These are a obligation that must be applied in human so- cial life. In the contrary, there are three prohibition: al-fahsya’ (hei- nous act), al-munkar (bad deed), and al-baghyu (unjust act). In its actualization and application, the three social ethics in many aspects emphasizes the principle of human equality brotherhood, knowing and helping each other. Moreever, social ethic character is the Qur’an which involves belief and dimension of worldly life and hereafter, it needs community life involvement in order to applies sence of toget- herness, solidarity, and reduces social inequality and stratification.
Hermeneutika Tafsir Al-Qur’an Tawaran Muhammad Al-Ghazali dalam Pemaknaan Al-Qur’an
Authors: Suhendar Otong
Published: August 2023

This paper explains two things. Firts, understanding about hermeneutics as a Qur’anic textual commentary method. Second, the usage of heurmenetics method by Muhammad al-Ghazali. Descrip- tive alalysis and library research method used in this paper. It can not be denied that hermeneutics often used by contemporary Islamic shcolars for it contains novelty in order that the Qur’an can easly be understand and has a response to the times. In his commentary, Mu- hammad al-Ghazali emphasizes messege understanding of Qur’anic verses in accordance to the time of sending down on one side and understanding of asbab al-nuzul as a background that can be attract- ed to recent reality. Al-Ghazali also empasizes original Qur’anic word and sentence understanding and the growth of social humanities sci- ence utilization. Both are al-Ghazali typical tought.
Argumen Al-Qur’an Tentang Paradigma Ekopedagogi
Authors: Alijaya Adudin , Hariyadi Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Conclution of the research states that ecopedagogy is a public educational movements of human responsibility in environ- mental conservation. It’s conducted by combining all environmen- tal conservation paradigms, analyzing its deficiency and advantages, thus, associating it with Qur’anic environmental themes. Some of the paradigms is analyzed in the effort to increase ecological concern are: anthropocentric, biocentric, ecocentric, zoocentric, ecophenomeno- logy, androcentric, conservation and ecofeminism. These paradigms all get reinforced arguments from the Qur’an which outline that all li- ving things and all their phonemes have relations with each other and need to be made in such harmony. But the Qur’an also emphasizes the other side that must be considered as a form of environmental balance and ethics. So by using the ecopedagogy method that combi- nes eight methods in nature conservation, the best public education method has been carried out in order to embody nature conservati- on. The methodology used in this study is a qualitative method that is integrated with the thematic method (mawdhu’i?), while the data used in this study were obtained through library research with three stages of research, namely the stages of description, comparison and analysis, which ultimately obtained conclusions in accordance with the formulation and research objectives.
Menghindari Bias Jender dalam Penafsiran Al-Qur`an
Authors: Muchammad Achmad
Published: August 2023

This article tries to parse various gender biases that are found in many things such as leadership, education, social, inheri- tance to the depiction of various facilities in heaven as if justified by Islam. Whereas the main error lies in the error in understanding the Qur’anic text which is less extensive and the error in perceiving the interpreters of the Qur’an which is predominantly made by men. It can’t be helped, the solution is to put the above problems proportio- nally by tracing the root of the problem, examining the principles of gender equality in the Qur’an, exploring various interpretive bia- ses in all Islamic literature, and finally the importance of socializing understanding that is not gender bias towards various concepts in Islam. By using this methodology, it is hoped that understanding of gender bias can be minimized and avoided, giving birth to a form of understanding that is more just, equitable and equivalent, which benefits progressive understanding of Islam in the future. With this effort, it is hoped that this understanding will become the starting point for a new, gender-free understanding of Islam, not an unders- tanding that always contains gender bias in it.
Jihad dalam Perspektif K.H. Ahmad Sanusi (Kajian Analisis Ayat-Ayat Peperangan dalam Tafsir Tamsyiyyah Al-Muslimin fi Kalami Robbi Al-‘Alamin)
Authors: Wijaya Subur , Aziz Umar Abdul
Published: August 2023

This article describes the interpretation presented by K.H Ahmad Sanusi of several verses that explain about jihad (verses of war orders) in his commentary work Tamsyiyyah al-Muslimin fi Ka- lam Robbi al‘Alamin. The results of the study concluded that K.H Ah- mad Sanusi interpreted verses about jihad as verses containing phy- sical warfare orders with the aim of reviving or elevating the religion of Allah in a context limited to the time of war. K.H. Ahmad Sanusi lived during the two colonial periods, namely the Netherlands and Japan, which made his interpretation of jihad mean war against the Dutch and Japanese, because indeed at that time Indonesia was not yet independent and under Dutch occupation, which was continued with Japanese occupation. Although the interpretation of the verses of jihad does not include all verses in the Qur’an because of K.H. Ah- mad Sanusi has not had time to finish his 30 Juz’ interpretation work, but his interpretation is still interesting as a study object, because the value of its locality that influences and contextualizes the time he li- ved. This is where, among others, differences in young interpreta- tions with other masters.
HERMENEUTIKA SEBAGAI TEORI INTERPRETASI DALAM TRADISI BARAT
Authors: Aulia Hilyati
Published: August 2023

Hermeneutics functions as a theory of interpretation, closely related to language. One that cannot be separated from language is text, which requires a series of reading tools to understand it, one of which is the theory of hermeneutics. This article aims to find out the thoughts of Schleiermacher and Dilthey as the originators of romantic hermeneutics and their application in hadith. This article is qualitative in nature with literature data related to Schleiermacher and Dilthey's hermeneutical thinking and hadith about women's leadership. Through a philosophy of science approach, this article finds that Schleiermacher is the father of modern hermeneutics whose ideas about the mental world were developed by Dilthey who explained about the socio-historical world. Through these readings, women can become leaders
Penyuluhan Pelecehan Seksual Kepada Siswa-Siswi Kelas XII SMK Kartini Batam
Authors: Victor E D Palapessy  , Alif Rahman Habibi
Published: August 2023

This community service is carried out with the aim of helping students of SMK Kartini to understand and comprehend the impacts and dangers that can arise from sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is a serious issue that can endanger the mental and physical health of individuals, especially teenagers. Students of SMK (Vocational High School) belong to a vulnerable group at risk of experiencing sexual harassment. The community service method is implemented through collaboration between speakers, educators, and the school authorities. The first step is to identify issues related to sexual harassment that are relevant to the context of SMK students. Subsequently, appropriate and informative educational materials are developed based on comprehensive and responsible principles of sexual education. Then, the education is conducted through interactive sessions involving presentations, group discussions, case studies, and role-playing games. The educational materials cover understanding the definition of sexual harassment, types of sexual harassment, its impact on the health and well-being of students, prevention strategies, and how to report cases of sexual harassment. This community service is an important initial step in combating sexual harassment among the students of SMK Kartini. Continuous education and collaborative efforts among the school, families, and the community are necessary to create sustainable changes in behavior and attitudes towards sexual harassment. It is expected that the results of this community service will contribute positively to creating a safe, supportive, and harassment-free school environment for the students of SMK Kartini.
Pemikiran Pendidikan Karakter Al-Ghazali, Lawrence Kolberg dan Thomas Lickona
Authors: Mainuddin Mainuddin , Tobroni Tobroni , Nurhakim Moh.
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to find out how Al-Ghazali, Lawrence Kolberg, and Thomas Lichona think about character education in contemporary Islam. The benefits for the government and educators make the educational ideas of Al-Ghazali, Lawrence Kolberg, and Thomas Lichona an inspiration in upholding quality Indonesian education. This research method is qualitative with descriptive analysis techniques using library research (library research). Through this literature review, researchers try to describe existing phenomena, which are currently taking place or in the past, and are sourced from various sources that have theoretical depth from experts. This study examines the perspective of character education according to Al-Ghazali, Thomas Lickona, and Lawrence Kolberg by examining the theories put forward. The results of this paper are that according to Al-Ghazali educational thinking is religious-ethical in nature, al-Ghazali's educational goals cover three aspects, namely cognitive aspects, affective aspects, and psychomotor aspects. Al-Ghazali mentioned four scientific classification categories, namely; classification of science syar'iyah (religion) and 'aqliyah (reason); theoretical and practical sciences; knowledge is presented (hudhûri) and acquired (hushûli); The knowledge of fardhu 'ain and fardhu kifayah. Meanwhile, Thomas Lickona stated that the notion of character education is a deliberate effort to help someone understand, pay attention to, and carry out core ethical values. And more broadly, he stated that character education is a deliberate (conscious) effort to realize virtue, namely objectively good human traits, not only good for individuals but also good for society as a whole. According to Lawrence Kolberg, Kohlberg offers fictional moral issues, so that for the context of the Indonesian nation, it is necessary to prioritize contemporary moral issues that actually occur in everyday life. In this case, what needs to be emphasized is that children have diverse experiences in social problems. Children must also be confronted with moral problems from a different perspective. Thus the diversity of moral problems and various perspectives in solving moral problems will encourage children's moral development to a higher stage.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Multimedia Pembelajaran Interaktif Quizizz Terhadap Kemandirian Belajar Peserta Didik pada Materi Persamaan Lingkaran
Authors: Ayu Putri , Anomeisa Agnesia Bergita , Ndori Vinsensius Herianto
Published: August 2023

Kurangnya kemandirian belajar peserta didik dalam belajar materi matematika peminatan disebabkan karena kurangnya variasi dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran untuk menampilkan materi dan evaluasi pembelajaran. Quizizz merupakan aplikasi permainan edukatif online yang dapat diakses melalui perangkat apapun seperti komputer, smartphone, atau tablet yang dapat digunakan sebagai suatu media pembelajaran atau alat evaluasi peserta didik terhadap proses pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif quizizz terhadap kemandirian belajar peserta didik pada materi persamaan lingkaran. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MAS At-Taqwa Beru Maumere pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Populasi penelitian ini seluruh kelas XI IPA dengan jumlah 16 orang peserta didik. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik sampling jenuh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimen dengan bentuk desain penelitian Pre-Experimental Design berupa One-Group Pretes-Post-test Design. Setelah data berdistribusi normal dan varians yang homogen berdasarkan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas, dilanjutkan dengan analisis uji paired sample test. Berdasarkan hasil nilai t diketahui bahwa nilai  sebesar -3,966 dan 2,131 maka -3,966 < 2,131 yang berarti  diterima. Oleh karena itu, hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penggunaan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif quizizz terhadap kemandirian belajar peserta didik pada materi persamaan lingkaran.
Critique of Research Methodologies and Methods in Educational Leadership
Authors: Siddiqua Aisha
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this exploratory study was to document aspects of research methodology in educational leadership directed at emerging school leaders and the academic community that supports them. The intricacy of educational challenges highlights the necessity for a thorough investigation, the results of which will inform suitable reforms. Scholars have long argued about which of the qualitative and quantitative approaches is more rigorous in its contribution to the development of education. Some academics contend that since education focuses primarily on human behaviour, which is value-laden, research in this area should take a qualitative approach. Results indicate that while qualitative methods were more common in the arts, quantitative methods dominated research in education and the sciences. However, the social sciences frequently used a blend of qualitative and mixed approaches. The findings' implications for improving research methodology skills and the integrity of educational research are examined.
Teachers with Participation to Enhance Students' Leadership Skills
Authors: Yuntasilo Phra Yutthasak , Sutheejariyawattana Phrakru
Published: August 2023

This research aimed at carrying out the “Project of Teachers’ Participation to Enhance Students’ Leadership Skills at Sarakhunwittaya School,” which is a research series focusing on education in the 21st Century. The study applied participatory action research methodology that places emphasis on democracy in action, in which the research team and the research participants collaborated equally in planning, operating, observing, and reflecting on the results from 2 cycles - one cycle during each semester of the Academic Year of 2022. From the operations, changes, learning, and knowledge were expected. The research participants, which consisted of 20 teachers and 50 students, were the target group for development. The research results were collected by comparing the 3 phases, which was done before and after the operation of Cycle 1 and after the operation of Cycle 2, and the results follow. Firstly, the operation of the project led to consecutive improvements, which meant that the research participants had shown progressively higher levels of operations in enhancing the students’ leadership skills during the 3 phases. Moreover, the students had demonstrated greater leadership skills after the 3 phases as well. Secondly, the research team, the participants, and Sarakhunwittaya School learned many things, especially the importance of working collaboratively, which resulted in unity and in having better achievements than when working individually. Thirdly, knowledge was a result of the operation, which became a model that showed the causes and effects between the drives, the resistances to change, the solutions to the resistances to change, and the results called a “Model of Teachers with Participation to Enhance their Students’ Leadership Skills at Sarakhunwittaya School.”
“Cora Unashamed”: Relationships and Their Racial Implications
Authors: Dohal Gassim H.
Published: August 2023

Injustice, oppression, and bad treatment are among those habits that have been lingering in societies that many writers have been trying hard to address throughout the ages. Among those writers is Langston Hughes in his story “Cora Unashamed” where he has boldly presented the real struggle of black people with a white system.“Cora Unashamed” appeared in his work The Ways of White Folks (ed. 1971). The important relationship in this story is that of the white and black races; in the story, Cora represents the blacks while the Studevants and their daughter are white. Worth mentioning is the male-female relationship in this story. By exploring the concept of racial master-slave relationship and studying the idea of the whites’ superiority, the paper aims at scrutinizing how the whites use racism and slavery to approve their domination over the blacks. Besides, it investigates the impacts of slavery and racism on the blacks. Close-reading method is employed to analyze the story. Besides, the contextual method which focuses on intrinsic and extrinsic elements is utilized. The result of the analysis shows that race helps in the whites’ domination over other minorities, particularly the blacks. In other respect, master-slave relationships have their great negative economic impacts on the poor people.
Male Objectification in Jokha Alharthi’s Celestial Bodies: A Deconstructive Reading
Authors: K. AlTobi Omaima , Alnwairan Met'eb A.
Published: August 2023

This paper explores the often-overlooked issue of male objectification in literature, using Jokha Alharthi’s novel Celestial Bodies (2019) to illustrate the concept. While traditional objectification theory focuses primarily on the objectification of women, this study seeks to broaden the conversation by analyzing how male objectification is depicted in the novel. This paper utilizes a deconstructive reading to examine how the novel depicts both men and women fighting against objectification and oppression. In addition, the study examines the evolution of Feminism in traditional Arabic society and sheds light on the role of literature in challenging societal norms and advancing critical thinking. By uncovering the multiple meanings and perspectives within the text, this study contributes to a broader discussion of objectification in literature and society. This paper suggests that Jokha Alharthi’s Celestial Bodies is an important contribution to feminist discourse and an essential read for those interested in understanding the intersectionality of gender and objectification in literature.
Nghiên cứu dự báo biến động bề mặt không thấm khu vực thành phố Hồ Chí Minh từ dữ liệu Viễn thám và GIS.
Authors: Phạm Văn Tùng , Trịnh Lê Hùng , Nguyễn Văn Trung , Vũ Xuân Cường
Published: August 2023

Sự gia tăng diện tích bề mặt không thấm đã dẫn đến những tác động tiêu cực tới môi trường đô thị, trong đó có sự gia tăng nguy cơ ngập lụt, suy giảm diện tích thảm thực vật, hình thành đảo nhiệt đô thị. Bài báo này trình bày kết quả xây dựng mô hình dự báo biến động bề mặt không thấm khu vực thành phố Hồ Chí Minh từ dữ liệu viễn thám và GIS. Ảnh vệ tinh Landsat giai đoạn 2002 – 2022 được sử dụng để phân loại bề mặt không thấm, chiết xuất các lớp thông tin về lớp phủ thực vật, nhiệt độ bề mặt, kết hợp với các lớp dữ liệu về địa hình, dân cư để mô hình hóa và dự báo biến động bề mặt không thấm. Kết quả nhận được trong nghiên cứu có thể được sử dụng hiệu quả phục vụ công tác quy hoạch đô thị, giảm thiểu ảnh hưởng của quá trình gia tăng bề mặt không thấm đến môi trường khu vực đô thị.
The Tariff Impact of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) Agreement on Vietnam’s Seafood Export and Import
Authors: Thanh Tran Ngoc , Tran Trung Kien
Published: August 2023

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) has come into force in Vietnam in 2022, easing trade between Vietnam and member nations. This generates both expansion opportunities and intense competition for Vietnam’s seafood business, particularly export and import operations. To understand what this means for exporters, we relied on the World Bank’s WITS-SMART model for an analysis of the tariff effect of the RCEP on the export and import of Vietnamese seafood, which accounts for the largest proportion of exports. Our goal is to reveal the competitive advantages and disadvantages of Vietnam’s seafood trade with RCEP markets, including our recommendations for the industry to adapt to and capitalize on the foreign trade opportunities afforded by RCEP.

RCEP, Tariff reduction, Foreign trade
‘Much Ado About … The Law of the Arbitration Agreement: Who Wants to Know and for What Legitimate Purpose?’
Authors: Waincymer Jeff
Published: August 2023

Common law cases and commentators have debated whether the law of an autonomous arbitration agreement should be the same as the law designated in a general choice of law clause or should instead, be that of the law of the Seat. The English Law Commission is currently considering this question. This article argues that when common law courts deal with this issue within mere preliminary applications, such as for a stay of litigation, they apply an inappropriate methodology, regardless of the conclusions they come to. They are wrongly trying to impose certainty when simply faced with unclear drafting, an impossible task. In addition, most of the cases that have opined as to the law of the arbitration agreement need not have done so. The cases should have been resolved more simply under different reasoning.

The article then argues that, even if the law of the arbitration agreement is important, the proper question for mere preliminary courts should often simply be, could a reasonable tribunal find validity and sufficient scope under a law it may select under the choice of law and evidentiary discretions it has? If so, the right of a putative tribunal to consider the question fully should be supported. This would then leave it to annulment or enforcement courts to review those findings if asked to do so.

Even courts empowered to make pre-emptive rulings on validity and scope cannot properly do so under the methodology outlined in the leading cases. At least where contested facts could be material, such courts should not decide on these questions without an adequate hearing and without deciding either way on a case by case basis as to the particular parties’ intent.

Arbitration agreement, applicable law, preliminary courts, validity and scope challenges
International Arbitration Agreements in Canada Post-Uber
Authors: Meshel Tamar
Published: August 2023

In Uber v. Heller – a case involving an employment class action subject to an international arbitration agreement – the Supreme Court of Canada decided three issues that threatened to undermine the enforceability of international arbitration agreements in Canada. The Court: (1) read the scope of the Canadian International Commercial Arbitration Acts narrowly; (2) created an exception to the competence-competence principle; and (3) relaxed the test for invalidating arbitration agreements on unconscionability grounds. At the same time, Uber was decided in a highly specific factual context and its ultimate impact on the enforcement of international arbitration agreements was largely left to be determined by lower courts in future cases. This article examines two such cases involving consumer class actions subject to international arbitration agreements. The article analyses the courts’ application of Uber and its effect on their reasoning and on the outcome of these cases. While it is difficult to predict how Uber will unfold in the lower courts over time, the two cases examined in this article suggest that Uber is unlikely to affect the enforcement of most international arbitration agreements in the context of consumer class actions – perhaps the context most akin to that of Uber – let alone in more traditional commercial contexts.

Canada, international arbitration agreements, commercial, Uber v. Heller, employment, consumer, class action, enforcement
A Inteligência Artificial e o seu contributo para o processo de mediação (na forma de negociação assistida por terceiro independente e imparcial). Um robô mediador ou um algoritmo pacificador de conflitos?
Authors: Brechbühler Guilherme
Published: August 2023

The article looks at mediation and suggests the use of artificial intelligence for assisting parties and mediators in reaching consensus through reliance on decision-making algorithms. Indeed, such algorithms are capable of generating non-bindings agreements, or may be used for data mining only.

Mediation; Artificial Intelligence; contribution and concerns.
Case Law Trend: The End Does Not Justify the Means: On How the Secondary EU Law Infringes the Primary EU Law in the Light of the Recent Judgments of the CJEU
Authors: Papis-Almansa Marta
Published: August 2023

The constitutional character of the Union legal order based on the rule of law requires that secondary sources of Union law are not infringing the primary sources, including the Charter of the Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFR). The latter’s importance as a valid instrument to be invoked against measures that are excessive in their interference with the fundamental rights has recently been reinforced by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in the judgments in cases such as C-694/20, Orde van Vlaamse Balies and Others, and joined cases C-37/20 and C-601/20, Luxembourg Business Registers and Sovim. The CJEU invalidated provisions of the Directive on Administrative Cooperation (DAC6) and 5AMLD which reminded that this is the case even when rules are motivated by important collective interests. These include the combat against tax evasion and tax fraud and enhancing broadly understood transparency and are agreed upon and are ‘validated’ by a Union’s legislature. The lessons to be learned are not to be underestimated. Understanding where the limits lie is decisive for valid law making and law enforcement as well as for effectively invoking the rights of individuals and businesses.

Charter of the Fundamental Rights, taxpayers’ rights, DAC6, AMLD, EU constitutional order, transparency, proportionality, compatibility with primary Union law, right to privacy, right to fair trial
Non-Pharmacological Interventions To Reduce Back Pain in Pregnant Women: A Literature Review
Authors: Rukmasari Ema Arum , Agustin Gisa , Elfani Karisha Citra , Rahmawati Nur Rini , Soebekti Diq Diq Ibrahim Siddiq
Published: August 2023

Back pain is pain that occurs in the lumbosacral area. The phenomenon of back pain experienced by pregnant women is one of the most frequently reported complaints. The purpose of this study was to find out what are the non-pharmacological interventions to reduce back pain in pregnant women. This study is a literature review to study non-pharmacological interventions to reduce back pain in pregnant women. Sources for conducting this literature review included ScienceDirect search studies, Google scholar, Sage journal and PubMed. There are several interventions that can be done to reduce back pain in pregnant women non-pharmacologically, namely unsupervised water exercises, Ear Acupuncture, Topical Use of Rosa Damascena (Rose) Oil, Yoga, Endorphine Massage, Effleurage Techniques and Warm Compresses and Effleurage Massage and Breath Relaxation In. Non-pharmacological interventions have significant value in reducing back pain in pregnant women and are safe to use.
Designing Banking Book balance forecasting models to support multiple use cases Part 3
Authors: Balan Priya
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we conclude the series with an illustrative example applying the design framework to a portfolio of UK Residential Mortgages