bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fiscal interest of the state and respecting the rights and legitimate interests of the taxable entities in case of refund of excess remission of value added tax
Authors: Kmeťová Oľga , Freňáková Magdaléna , Pachta Miloš
Published: July 2017

The authors of this article, based on the principle of legitimacy, state that tax authorities in tax proceedings protect not only the fiscal interests of the state as a priority, but at the same time they are obliged to maintain the rights and legitimate interests of the taxable entities, analyze the current legislation of the tax audit in aspect of permissible statutory length of its duration and its impact on the process of refund of excess remission of VAT to the taxable entities.
Existing organizational culture typologies and organizational commitment at a selected higher education institution in South Africa
Authors: Wiseman Ndlovu , Ngirande Hlanganipai , Tlou Setati Sam
Published: July 2017

The study investigates the relationship between organizational culture and organization commitment at a higher education institution in South Africa. Quantitative research approach was used and 30 participants were chosen at random from academic and non-academic employees of the university. Furthermore, in order to gather data, the study used a structured questionnaire regarding the effects of existing organizational culture on organizational commitment. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between existing organizational culture typologies and facets of organizational commitment. The study revealed that different culture typologies bring about different levels of organizational commitment. Moreover, support of culture had a strong significant relationship with normative and continuance commitment. This means that if the organization shows the sense care and support to its employees, they will develop an obligatory sense of belonging and help the organization in attaining its objectives.
Bond yields and stock returns comparison using wavelet semblance analysis
Authors: Verner Robert , Herbrik Gabriel
Published: July 2017

Various measures of resemblance are increasingly applied in confrontation of data samples obtained by different sources. Semblance analysis aims at comparison of two sets of data based on their phase and frequency. Conventional semblance analysis following the Fourier transform has several deficiencies resulting from the transform. To overcome these obstacles, another type of semblance analysis was developed applying the wavelet transform. This paper focuses on semblance analysis of stock prices and government bond yields of two major global economies using continuous wavelet transform regarding both scale and time.
The potential of conflicts of interest arising in the activities of credit rating agencies in Ukraine
Authors: Rebryk Mykhailo , Rebryk Yuliia , Sokol Sergii , Kozmenko Yevhenii
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a comprehensive system of 38 indicators, which allows identification of possible endogenous sources and evaluation of the potential of conflicts of interest arising both at the corporate (in models of ownership, business and financial activities, corporate governance and organizational structures) and operational (analyst) levels of credit rating agencies (CRAs). Testing of proposed system of indicators was carried out based on the content analysis of the public information on the activities of five authorized credit rating agencies of Ukraine. It is determined that at the beginning of 2017 the most sensitive to the risk of conflicts of interest were “Standard Rating” (74% of threat signals of the total number of indicators), “Expert Rating” (57%) and “Rurik” (37%). The highest potential of conflicts’ of interest escalation was identified in the models of financial activities (80% of threat signals of the total number of indicators of that group) and models of ownership of Ukrainian CRAs (63%). The estimations of the risk level are proposed to be regarded mainly as signals of the potentially high sensitivity of the particular CRA to the risk of conflicts’ of interest escalation. Such signals, in particular, can be used by the regulators for carrying out remote monitoring activities of CRAs, for adopting supervisory and regulatory decisions. In turn, managers and owners of rating agencies can conduct a more detailed analysis of the detected potential sources of conflict of interest with the aim of identification, localization, and elimination of shortcomings in the system of conflict of interest management.
Formation of a complex of management decisions on the reduction of environmental pollution during the development of coal mines
Authors: Gibesova Beata , Halynska Yuliia , Zubiček Vaclav , Fiedlerova Eliška
Published: July 2017

The problems of environmental pollution in the conditions of high dust content in the air during the development of coal mines in the territory of the Czech Republic are considered. A mechanism for making managerial decisions was developed using an integrated approach using the new technological process Nastup Tušimice (DNT) aimed at eliminating pollutant emissions and managing workers in dusty conditions in mining operations. The recommendations of active and passive measures aimed at reducing dustiness in the process of coal mining have also been developed.
Barriers to the practice of benchmarking in South African restaurants
Authors: Kleynhans Carina , Roberson Joseph
Published: July 2017

The main purpose of this study is to find the barriers of benchmarking use in independent full-service restaurants in South Africa. The global restaurant industry entities operate in a highly competitive environment, and restaurateurs should have a visible ad¬vantage over competitors. A competitive advantage can be achieved only if the quality standards in terms of food and beverage products, service quality, relevant technology and price are comparable to the industry leaders. This study has deployed a descriptive, quantitative research design on the basis of a relatively large sample of restaurateurs. The data was collected through the SurveyMonkey website using a standardised questionnaire The questionnaire was mailed to 2699 restaurateurs, and 109 respondents returned fully completed answer sheets. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The main findings were as follows: 43% of respondents had never done benchmarking; only 5.5% respondents considered themselves as highly knowledgeable about benchmarking; respondents thought that the most significant barriers to benchmarking were difficulties with obtaining exemplar (benchmarking partner) best-practice information and adapting the anomalous (own) practices to derive a benefit from best practices. The results of this study should be used to shape the knowledge about benchmarking practices in order to develop suitable solutions for the problems in South African restaurants.
Nitric oxide and pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Chester Adrian H , Yacoub Magdi H , Moncada Salvador
Published: July 2017

The pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension remains undefined. Changes in the expression and effects mediated by a number of vasoactive factors have been implicated to play a role in the onset and progression of the disease. The source of many of these mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin and endothelin-1 (ET-1), is the pulmonary endothelium. This article focus in the role of nitric oxide in PAH, reviewing the evidence for its involvement in regulation of pulmonary a vascular tone under physiological conditions, the mechanisms by which it can contribute to the pathological changes seen in PAH and strategies for the use of NO as a therapy for treatment of the disease.
Current Delivery Strategies to Improve the Target of Cell Penetrating Peptides Used for Tumor-Related Therapeutics
Authors: Zhang Fang , Yang Dandan , Jiang Shanshan , Wu Lei , Qin Li , He Huiyang , Zhang Peng
Published: July 2017

Cell Penetrating Peptides (CPPs) equipped with a high penetrating ability are used as a promising tool
to gain access to the cell interior, cross the cell membrane and deliver bioactive small or macromolecular cargos
into the cytoplasm or nucleus. The superiority of wide range of applications, high transport efficiency and low
biological toxicity make them particularly desirable in laboratory or clinical studies. Previous studies have shown
that their non-selectivity and reaction with proteins in plasma hamper their application for tumor therapy, which
might adversely affect the treatment effect and even induce some side effects. However, several recent studies
have found that various kinds of modifiers of CPPs can effectively increase the target selectivity, reduce cytotoxicity
to normal cells and produce multiple antitumor functions due to the different cleavable bonds which are
sensitive to the tumor microenvironment or other novel designs. Apparently, these designs of ‘smart’ CPPs appear
to be promising in the field of antitumor drug delivery. Here, we review these current improved approaches
which mainly involve strategies of physical, chemical as well as biological pathways and we also explain the
possible uptake mechanisms of direct penetration, internalization and escape which have been discussed in some
publications with specific attention. In addition, some possible problems needed to be considered in the process of
improving CPPs are discussed at the end of this review. This study aims to present an overview of the latest progress
of CPPs, and provides a comprehensive theoretical background and reference guidance for future laboratory
research and clinical application.
Complex Coronary Hemodynamics - Simple Analog Modelling as an Educational Tool
Authors: Parikh Gaurav R. , Peter Elvis , Kakouros Nikolaos
Published: July 2017

Objective:

Invasive coronary angiography remains the cornerstone for evaluation of coronary stenoses despite there being a poor correlation between luminal loss assessment by coronary luminography and myocardial ischemia. This is especially true for coronary lesions deemed moderate by visual assessment. Coronary pressure-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) has emerged as the gold standard for the evaluation of hemodynamic significance of coronary artery stenosis, which is cost effective and leads to improved patient outcomes. There are, however, several limitations to the use of FFR including the evaluation of serial stenoses.

Method:

In this article, we discuss the electronic-hydraulic analogy and the utility of simple electrical modelling to mimic the coronary circulation and coronary stenoses. We exemplify the effect of tandem coronary lesions on the FFR by modelling of a patient with sequential disease segments and complex anatomy.

Results:

We believe that such computational modelling can serve as a powerful educational tool to help clinicians better understand the complexity of coronary hemodynamics and improve patient care.
ROLE CONFLICT AND ROLE AMBIGUITY ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT INTERNAL AUDITORS: THE DETERMINANT AND IMPACTS
Authors: Novriansa Agil , Riyanto Bambang
Published: July 2017

The bureaucratic reform at the local government level in Indonesia that was instituted in 2012 has turned local government internal auditors into an important part of government governance systems. The role of local government internal auditors has been expanded to include not only the area of audit oversight, but also the areas of anti-corruption-related and consulting activities. These fundamental changes may potentially induce role conflict and role ambiguity among internal auditors. The objective of this study is to examine empirically the determinants and consequences of role conflict and role ambiguity among local government internal auditors. More specifically, this study attempts to examine the extent to which formalization determines role conflict and role ambiguity; it further tests the impact of role conflict and role ambiguity on commitment to independence and job performance. Questionnaires were distributed to 248 local government internal auditors from 12 Regional Inspectorates in the provinces of Yogyakarta, South Sumatra, and East Java. A total of 176 responses were received, and 124 useable responses from the 176 responses were analysed to test the hypotheses. Using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square the results show that: formalization is negatively related to role conflict and role ambiguity; role ambiguity has a negative impact on commitment to independence; role conflict has a positive impact on job performance; and role ambiguity has a negative impact on job performance. These findings serve as important external validity evidence on the phenomena associated with role conflict and role ambiguity that occur in the public sector, especially among internal auditors at local government institutions.Keywords: role conflict, role ambiguity, local government, internal auditors
THE EFFECT OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE AND HUMAN ADVANTAGE ON INDUSTRIAL COMPETITIVE STRATEGY (Case Study: SMIs in Gorontalo Province)
Authors: Lasalewo Trifandi , Masruroh Nur Aini , . Subagyo , Hartono Budi , Yuniarto Hari Agung
Published: July 2017

Small and Medium Industries (SMIs) have a strategic role in the Indonesian economy, as they earn 61.9 percent of the foreign exchange which goes to make up the nation’s Gross Domestic Product, and nationally they are able to absorb 97 percent of the workforce. The Global Competitiveness Report also notes that SMIs serve as the business units that affect every nation’s competitiveness. Considering this strategic role, the selection of a competitive strategy for these SMIs is absolutely necessary. Through an in-depth literature review, this study aims to explore what variables influence the competitive strategy of industries, particularly the SMIs. By using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a total of 31 main literature (articles, papers and books), this study has found two dominant factors that influence industrial competitive strategy: Competitive advantage and human advantage, which are subsequently developed into six independent variables (construct variables), i.e. cost, delivery, product quality, product variety, know-how and innovativeness, with a total of 44 indicators. The results of measurements of the sample of SMIs in Gorontalo Province, using Structural Equation Modeling, found that both competitive advantage and human advantage jointly influence 40.2 percent of the industrial competitive strategies. These results indicate that competitive strategies, such as creating products with unique features, on-time delivery, flexibility in production, and employee involvement in the innovations, are indispensable to SMIs in order for them to produce quality products and be able to maintain their advantage.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SUCCESS OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT: EVIDENCE FROM LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Authors: Primarisanti Herlina , Akbar Rusdi
Published: July 2017

There were only a few government institutions in Indonesia capable of preparing good accountability reports. Based on the survey conducted in the Special District of Yogyakarta, the study aimed to empirically examine the influencing factors in the development of the measure-ment system of performance, performance accountability and the use of performance informa-tion. Additionally, it also tried to interpret and to explain empirical evidence in the perspective of the institutional theory. The institutional theory was used to find out the extent to which the development of the measurement system of the performance, the performance accountability and the use of the performance information was influenced because of the presence of coercive, mimetic and normative isomorphism phenomena. The study used mixed methods that combined quantitative and qualitative study approaches simultaneously and a sequential explanatory strategy. It used Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis to test the hypotheses. It gave evidence that training, incentives and authority in decision making had significant impacts on the development of the measurement of the performance, the performance accountability and the use of the performance information. It contributed to the understanding of the influencing factors of the development of the measurement system of the performance, the performance accountability and the use of the performance information in order to improve the measurement system of the performance of government institutions.Keywords: performance measurement system, performance accountability, the used of performance information and mixed methods.
Penetapan Harga Berbasis Penerimaan Konsumen di Dual-Channel Supply Chain
Authors: Widodo Erwin
Published: July 2017

Dual-Channel Supply Chain (DCSC) is a mixed structure which simultaneously utilizes both offline and online channel to distribute one particular product or service. This structure provides market reach extension in which eventually leads to revenue increase. Whatsoever, aside of this advantage, DCSC also brings some challenging problems. One prominent problem is of about between-channel pricing-problem. In its practice, DCSC actors often apply intuitive offline and online pricing without further analytical evaluation. Yet there is no representative mechanism to address this critical problem. This paper attempts to resolute this challenge by proposing a qualitative estimation mechanism on customer acceptance on online channel relative to offline one. This proposed approach is about to utilize an interplay relationship between offline and online prices. The main parameter to consider is a ratio of customer acceptance parameters. These parameters are elicited from 3 groups of products which are sold under DCSC structure in Indonesian cases to exhibit the different properties in each product group. Numerical experiment result shows that the utilization of this pricing mechanism may increase the financial performance of DCSC under observation.
Perumusan Strategi Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Topeng Malangan
Authors: Noya Sunday , Hidayat Khoirul , Melany M
Published: July 2017

Topeng Malangan is one of potential cultural products developed to preserve culture and bring revenue for stakeholder in Malang. This study aims to identify internal and external factors affecting the existence of small medium enterprise (SME) Topeng Malangan and formulate its development strategy. The identification of problem and factors is done by focus group discussions (FGD) involving businessmen, cultural observer, academician, regional government and researchers. The results of FGD is then analyzed and developed by using SWOT matrix in order to determine formula of SME development strategies. To sharpen the strategy more effective in implementation, the analysis using IFAS and EFAS matrix is conducted. The result is final formula for SME Topeng Malangan development strategy that is more focused on strategy SO (Strength - Opportunities); which is the utilization of strength organization of SME Topeng Malangan for taking advantage of opportunities.
Penjadwalan Produksi Dengan Algoritma Heuristik Pour (Studi Kasus: Konveksi One Way – Malang)
Authors: Sulaksmi Andri , Garside Annisa Kesy , Hadziqah Fithriany
Published: July 2017

“One Way Convection” is a garment company which produces many kinds of t-shirt based on the customer’s order. In order to fulfill the order, the company applies role of First-Come First-Serve for scheduling the order production sequence. This role is often disadvantageous for the order with short process time because if it is dispatched after the order with long process time, then it will take longer in queue and causes the completion time of all order to be longer. This research aims to schedule t-shirt’s sequence operation in “One Way Convection” company by using Pour heuristic algorithm so that completion time becomes shorter and order fulfillment can be accomplished on-time. The steps in this methodology consist of collecting data, calculating standard time and total process time according to the order, scheduling using initial method proposed by company, scheduling using Pour heuristic algorithm, and comparing makespan of both approaches. According to the Pour Heuristic method, saving is obtained in makespan as 8.09 hours or 19.25% compared with initial method proposed by company.
Analisis Variabel Yang Memengaruhi Pertumbuhan Dan Peningkatan Daya Saing Industri Amplang Samarinda
Authors: Isharyani Muriani Emelda , Ananta Muhammad Yuda , Kuncoro Deasy Kartika Rahayu
Published: July 2017

Several problems occurred in amplang industry of Samarinda insists on discovering indicators and factors affecting the growth and improvement of amplang industry’s competitiveness of Samarinda. Identification and analysis are done by using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method toward indicators and factors of Diamond Porter model. The results of this research indicates that all indicators that compose and build each factor of Diamond Porter model literally have a positive and significant correlation to each factor. Each indicator evidently influences positively and significantly on the growth and improvement of amplang industry’s competitiveness of Samarinda. Moreover, factors of Diamond Porter model positively and significantly evidently influence to the growth and improvement of amplang industry’s competitiveness of Samarinda. Based on the influential factors and indicators, it can be identified that condition & resource and capital resource availability are the most influential factor and indicator on the growth and improvement of amplang industry’s competitiveness of Samarinda.
Determination Of Dolog’s Ideal Warehouse Based On Minimum Logistics Cost
Authors: Astuty Eriana
Published: July 2017

Most of indonesian societies consume rice as staple food and therefore need the amount of rice that meet the demand within the infinite time. Food warehouse is needed in order to maintain supplies. Rice warehouse should be located in the strategic location so that it is easy to reach and to avoid the stagnation of supply. In addition, that can also be useful for financing streamline because it can minimize the logistics costs. Dolog as a unit of the agency Bulog is responsible to maintain the stability and availability of basic foodstuffs in the region of Indonesia and to participate in the procurement and supply of basic foodstuffs especially rice. To carry out its duties, Dolog also must have an ideal rice warehouse which its capacity should meet the demand of the rice according to the market supplied. The result of cluster method used in this research suggests that there are three ideal warehouse locations to supply main markets in Bandung. If the three ideal warehouse locations are compared with the existing warehouse, proposed warehouse location donates saving about IDR 45,032,203 per year or approximately IDR 125,000 per day. So there are two solutions can be taken by Dolog that the first is open new warehouses and the second is using the old warehouse and adding the shortage storage capacity by opening additional warehouse at ± 6,000 tons.
Optimasi Produksi Gaultherin Dari Gandapura Dengan Teknologi Mixed-Drying Extraction
Authors: Kusumo Priyono
Published: July 2017

This study purposed the optimization of gaultherin production from “gandapura” by inactivating the gaultherase enzyme, including gaultherin productivity and process parameters. This research applied the combination processes of extraction-dryer, simultanously. The productivity of gaultherin was improved by adding the drying agent, such as magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, calcium chloride, and calcium sulfate. The optimization was conducted using a factorial design 2n. Dependent variables determined by calculating the main effects and interactions, following by the application of probability plots. During the research, the content of gaultherin, methyl salicylate, salicylic acid were measured by using a spectrophotometer and HPLC-MS. The results shows that the higher concentration of drying agent (especially calcium chloride) and ethanol, increased the content of gaultherin. However, the most influenced factor to this conducted process was pH, regarding to the concentration of ethanol. During extraction, the higher the pH, increased the active compound of gaultherin. The optimum condition of enzyme inactivation was found at pH 8 with the content of gaultherin at 14.46%. The higher the solvent concentration of ethanol, the higher content of gaultherin can be extracted. The maximum process condition regarding to ethanol concentration found at 90% with active compound concentration at 13.10%.
Pengembangan Model Logika Evaluasi Program Pengembangan Sdm Responsif Gender Bidang Esdm
Authors: Rohmatulloh R , Shalahuddin Mohammad Imam
Published: July 2017

Logic model is a tool for telling the program in order to facilitate the evaluation. In a simple way, this model consists of the interrelation among the input-activity-output-outcome elements. This research aims to analyse the development of logic model for evaluating the human resources develoment in energy and mineral resources sectors related to the gender mainstreaming issue. It is developed through left-toright approach or forward logic. The result of study is the initial model based on the model development iteratively to achieve such outcomes the closest to the real conditions in gender-responsive human resources development. Expected program outcomes with increasing women’s participation in the following human resource development activities such as training, technical assistance, and the communication forum are increasing competence and role of women in the management of energy and mineral resources sector. This model can be used to evaluation process and enhanced in accordance with the needs and inputs from the stakeholders.
Estimasi Jarak Tempuh Order Picking Manual Dengan Metode Analitik di PT. GMS
Authors: Chandra Agung
Published: July 2017

Travel distance has a significant role in warehousing productivity. One way to calculate travel distance is to use analytical method, in term of average travel distance. Routing strategy implemented, S-shape / traversal strategy and Return strategy, random storage method are used in this paper at PT.GMS. The components of average travel distance are used to calculate: traveling distance from the depot to the first pick aisle, traveling distance through subaisle with picks, correction of travel distance for turns within subaisle, traveling distance in the cross aisle while picking, traveling distance back to the depot if all picks in one block, and total average travel distance. The results show the total average travel distance using S-shape is 41.4095 meter and return strategy is 45.7165 meter.
20 AÑOS DESPUÉS DEL PROCESO DE APERTURA ECONÓMICA: MÁS MERCADOS CON POCA DIVERSIFICACIÓN EXPORTADORA
Authors: Mora Luis Nelson Beltrán
Published: July 2017

Colombia implementó un proceso de apertura económica para modernizar y diversificar las exportaciones; el modelo se caracterizó por liberar los mercados y especialmente por atraer la inversión extranjera del exterior a Colombia, políticas bastante diferentes a las implementadas en el modelo de sustitución de importaciones que pudo funcionar hasta finales de los años ochenta donde la protección y el fomento público lograron un interesante desarrollo industrial.20 años después del proceso de apertura económica las exportaciones aumentaron más de seis veces con relación a la década de los noventa; sin embargo las ventas no tradicionales especialmente las industriales siguen siendo bajas para enfrentar la competitividad en un mundo globalizado.
ANÁLISIS DE LA EVOLUCIÓN DE LA ASEQUIBILIDAD DEL CIGARRILLO EN SURAMÉRICA 2000-2009
Authors: Llorente Blanca , Ávila María Clara , Tachlian Edwin
Published: July 2017

Las políticas sobre precios se reconocen como la medida individual más eficiente para el control del tabaco. Este estudio aporta información actualizada para Colombia y un conjunto de países latinoamericanos que fueron seleccionados, bien porque son referentes importantes desde el punto de vista de los flujos de comercio ilegal o porque reflejan el espectro de las políticas impositivas en tabaco en la región. El indicador de interés es la asequibilidad de los cigarrillos, medida con una frecuencia anual para el período 2000-2009 utilizando dos de los enfoques metodológicos más comunes en estudios previos: el equivalente en minutos de trabajo y el porcentaje del PIB que representa en valor de 100 cajetillas (RIP). Los resultados revelan que Colombia tiene el nivel de precios más bajo de la muestra y que loscigarrillos se han abaratado a lo largo del período de análisis. Esto sugiere que existe un espacio para aumentar impuestos mucho mayor que el que actualmente reconoce el Gobierno, según lo reveló el debate político de la reciente reforma al esquema impositivo de los productos de tabaco.
LA HISTORIOGRAFÍA OCCIDENTAL Y SUS DESARROLLOS EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Cárdenas Manuel José
Published: July 2017

Este artículo pretende explicar el desarrollo de la historiografía occidental en el siglo pasado, sus proyecciones en el presente siglo y la forma como se ha aplicado al caso colombiano, todo ello para saber cuál debe ser el papel del historiador en los tiempos actuales. Examinando las principales corrientes y escuelas historiográficas y su inserción dentro del contexto social y científico de las épocas, siguiendo muy de cerca las opiniones de los expertos sobre el tema y demostrando que aunque los tiempos históricos están combinados de formacompleja se alimentan de manera recíproca.
AMERICA LATINA: CONVERGENCIA/DIVERGENCIA UNA REVISION PRELIMINAR DE LOS ENFOQUES DE DATOS DE PANEL Y EL ANALISIS ESPACIAL DE DATOS
Authors: Giraldo Kelly Tatiana
Published: July 2017

En recientes ensayos se han presentado y evaluado diversos enfoques que intentan explicar el fenómeno de la convergencia/divergencia. En este trabajo se presentan los enfoques de datos de panel y el análisis espacial de datos que ayudan a entender las dinámicas de las economías nacionales, regionales y urbanas. Se ofrecen los desarrollos globales de las autoridades académicas más visibles en el tema de datos de panel como son, Loayza y Villanueva (1993), Islam (1995) y Yudong and Weeks (2000). En el caso del análisis espacial de datos se estudian los aportes de Lee, Sang Il (2001, 2002, 2004a, 2004b, 2004c) Una vez presentados los desarrollos se corrieron los modelos para el caso de América Latina. La relevancia de estos modelos radica principalmente en que al combinar series de tiempo con datos de corte transversal se presenta una idea de la relación de las variables a través del tiempo. La conclusión más evidente es que la estimación con datos panel ofrecen resultados que muestran que hay convergencia para todos los países de la región, una vez se han controlado los efectos regionales individuales, es decir, la heterogeneidad en los niveles iniciales de tecnología.
COLOMBIA’S MINING RENAISSANCE: A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON GOVERNANCE, DEVELOPMENT AND POLICY MAKING
Authors: Aguilera Andrés
Published: July 2017

Este trabajo de investigación busca formular una política comprehensiva de inversión extranjera para América Latina yColombia en la producción de “commodities” como petróleo, gas, oro, plata, metales industriales y otros menos conocidos pero valiosos, esto es minerales “exóticos” como el coltan (es una mezcla de los minerales columbita y tantalita) cuyos elementos son considerados “críticos” para industrias altamente tecnológicas por ejemplo defensa, aeroespacial y telecomunicaciones, debido a sus particulares propiedades físicas y químicas. Este trabajo estudia los patrones de flujos de IED hacia Colombia en años recientes y los resultados de las medidas de promoción de inversión adoptadas por elGobierno colombiano especialmente en el sector minero. Se identifica una importante tendencia de convergencia entre los gobiernos de Corea del Sur y Colombia en estas áreas, que puede ser explotada para ventaja mutua, en un marco de libre comercio. Sin embargo, la política de convergencia requiere ser probada de manera empírica en laimplementación de política.
Control de calidad en la Industria del Caucho II Parte
Authors: Martínez Ciro
Published: July 2017

Las especificaciones de los productos de caucho se deben basar más en el servicio, que en los ensayos físicos arbitrarios. La resistencia a la tensión y la elongaciónson propiedades útiles para los técnicos del caucho en el desarrollo de compuestos, control de manufactura y para determinar la resistencia de los compuestos alataque de varios químicos. Los ensayos de tensión son aplicados universalmente para determinar el efecto de varios ingredientes y son particularmente útiles cuando tales ingredientes afectan la velocidad y el estado de la vulcanización del caucho. de igual modo, estas pruebas son excelentes para el control de calidad del producto una vez que el compuesto ha sido seleccionado. Estos ensayos son muy sensibles a los cambios en las condiciones de manufactura y se pueden emplear para identificar una sub o sobre vulcanización.
Planta de extracción de aceites esenciales
Authors: Quiñones Lber James , González Fernando , Vera Mondragón Bairo
Published: July 2017

Los aceites esenciales son materiales aromáticos de origen vegetal, compuestos por diversas sustancias orgánicas olorosas que se localizan en determinados órganos de las plantas: flores, hojas, frutos y raíces. En esta planta, inicialmente el aceite esencial es extraído del material vegetal y luego, mediante una columna de destilación operada al vacío se fracciona el aceite esencial en diferentes porciones, esto se hace para eliminar productos no deseables que aparecen durante el proceso o que puedan venir originalmente con el aceite, para obtener productos ricos en un determinado compuesto. La Planta de Extracción de Aceites Esenciales (PEAE), tiene por objeto la extracción de aceites esenciales a partir de diferentes tipos de materia prima y su posterior fraccionamiento. Dado el carácter didáctico que debe tener la planta, fue diseñada de tal modo que permite realizar los procesos de extracción y fraccionamiento de diferentes maneras, como se desarrollará en el artículo.
Determinants of Demand for Foreign Tourism in Indonesia
Authors: Mariyono Joko
Published: July 2017

This study aims to analyze the determinants of foreign tourists visiting Indonesia. Tourism sector is important in Indonesian economy because it is one of potential sources of foreign exchange and promotes economic growth. Decrease in number of domestic tourists is not as important as foreign ones since the later can be a potential source of foreign exchange. Model of travel cost demand for tourism is estimated using panel data, consisting of 34 countries across the globe during 2004-2013. Data were compiled from Indonesian Statistical Agency and the World Bank database. The result shows that distance is a one of significant factors that reduces the number of foreign tourists coming to Indonesia. Bomb attack reduced the number of foreign tourists. Tourists from western and ASEAN countries were more likely to visit Indonesia than others. Indonesian policy should guarantee with security to tourists to attract more arrivals
DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN DI INDONESIA Proses Pemerataan Dan Pemiskinan
Authors: Purnomo Didit
Published: July 2017

This article presents the issue of income disparities, especially the phenomenon in Indonesia. Generally, the wealth of a country could be analyzed by its GDP rate so the society's income distribution of the country is able to be analyzed also. The disparities is still occurred in Indonesia. The empirical data shows that there's a lot of disparities among regions, especially between West side of Indonesia and East side of Indonesia.A few questions appeared consider these realities, is the development move forward or backward ? Is it straight to equality or poverty ?
MASYARAKAT UTILITARIAN, AGAMA, DAN KEHIDUPAN EKONOMI
Authors: Riyardi Agung
Published: July 2017

Utilitarianism community utilizes individual sovereignty as the most preferable factor to promote economic. Religion(s) is one of others, when individual sovereignty can not promote economic. But to promote economic, religion(s) has to appropriate with individual sovereignty. From this view, Adam Smith argues religions and not one religion in the community to promote economic. Unfortunately it can come to conclude that religion(s) does not exist in the utilitarianism community.
Okul öncesi dönem çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin ebeveynlik tutumlarının incelenmesi
Authors: Alabay Erhan
Published: July 2017

Bu araştırmanın amacı, 48-72 aylık çocuğu olan anne ve babaların, çocuklarını yetiştirirken gösterdikleri ebeveyn tutumlarının farklı değişkenlere dayalı olarak incelenmesidir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma desenlerinden betimsel tarama modeli uygulanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Demir ve Şendil (2008) tarafından geliştirilen toplam 46 maddeden oluşan ve ebeveynlerin çocuk yetiştirmedeki demokratik, otoriter, aşırı koruyucu ve izin verici tutumlarını belirleyen “Ebeveyn Tutum Ölçeği (ETÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini İstanbul ili Pendik ilçesinde tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemine uygun olarak belirlenmiş toplam 422 ebeveyn oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında ebeveynlerin cinsiyeti, öğrenim durumu, ortalama geliri, aile yapısı, çocuk sayısı, çocuk gelişimi ile ilgili seminere katılma durumu, çocuğu ile geçirilen zaman ve çocuğun cinsiyeti bağımsız değişken olarak belirlenmiş ve bağımlı değişken olan ebeveyn tutum puanları arasında anlamlı bir farklılaşmanın olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Veri analizleri sonucunda, çalışmayan ebeveynlerin, çalışan ebeveynlere oranla daha koruyucu bir tutum içinde olduğu, ebeveynlerin çocuk gelişimi ile ilgili seminere katılma durumlarının otoriter ve aşırı koruyucu tutum puan ortalamalarını düşürdüğü ve ebeveynlerin kız çocuklarına oranla erkek çocuklarına daha otoriter bir tutum sergilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Aynı zamanda araştırma bulguları doğrultusunda, ebeveynlerin yaş, öğrenim durumu, gelir düzeyi ve çocuk sayısı bağımsız değişkeni ile ebeveyn tutum ölçeği alt boyut puanları arasında da anlamlı bir farklılaşmaya rastlanmıştır.
Estimativas de perda de solo por erosão hídrica para o município de Serra Talhada, PE
Authors: Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz , Araújo Júnior George Do Nascimento , Silva Marcelo José Da , Morais José Edson Florentino de , Silva Thieres George Freire da
Published: July 2017

Alterações de ecossistemas naturais em ambientes degradados aumentam anualmente devido a necessidade de produção de alimentos. A quantificação das perdas de solo por erosão hídrica em áreas agrícolas é de fundamental importância. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se estimar as perdas de solo por erosão hídrica em diferentes períodos de séries provisórias pluviais em dois tipos de solo no município de Serra Talhada, PE. O estudo foi realizado considerando os dados de duas áreas, uma com um Planossolo Háplico e outro com um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. As áreas eram compostas por uma parcela experimental de 100 m de comprimento de rampa, com declividade de 5% para o Planossolo e de 3% para o Argissolo. A perda de solo foi estimada através da USLE no intervalo de 1996 a 2015, sendo subdividido em quatro períodos: Período I (1996-2015), Período II (2001-2015), Período III (2006-2015) e Período IV (2011-2015). Os valores considerados para o manejo do solo (C) e para práticas de suporte do solo (P) foram de 0,080 e 0,5, respectivamente. A precipitação pluvial para a série avaliada (1996 a 2015) apresentou média de 600,62 mm. Os índices de erosão (EIm) do Planossolo e Argissolo foram considerados fracos. O fator de erosividade da chuva (R) foi de 420,89 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1, acarretando em uma perda de solo de 5,04 e 2,75 Mg ha-1 ano-1, no Período II. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que o Planossolo Háplico é mais suscetível a perda de solo que o Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo sob a climatologia do município de Serra Talhada.
Características agronômicas e sensibilidade ao rachamento de bagas de uvas sem sementes
Authors: Da Silva Oliveira Leide Dayane , Beserra de Moura Magna Soelma , De Souza Leão Patrícia Coelho , Freire da Silva Thieres George , Bastos de Souza Luciana Sandra
Published: July 2017

As variedades de uvas sem sementes apresentam maior dificuldades de adaptação às condições tropicais do semiárido nordestino, exibindo produções reduzidas e irregulares, resultado de sua baixa fertilidade de gemas, desgrane elevado e suscetibilidade à rachadura de bagas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar aspectos relacionados à susceptibilidade ao rachamento e podridão de bagas e características agronômicas de uvas sem sementes sob as condições do Submédio do Vale São Francisco. Para isso, o experimento foi conduzido no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro na Embrapa Semiárido, em Petrolina-PE. Foram avaliadas cinco variedades ao longo de dois ciclos de produção, correspondendo aos anos de 2013 e 2014. Utilizaram-se as variedades Adona, BRS Clara, BRS Maria Bonita, Arizul e Thompson Seedless, nas quais foram determinadas as seguintes variáveis: produção (Kg planta-1), número de cachos, massa do cacho (g); teor de sólidos solúveis (oBrix) e acidez titulável (g de ácido tartárico 100mL-1); bagas rachadas (%) e bagas podres (%). Os resultados mostraram que tanto o percentual de rachamento quanto o de podridão apontaram para as variedades BRS Clara e Adona como as mais tolerantes e a variedade Thompson Seedless como a mais suscetível. A maior produção por planta foi obtida no Ciclo 2 para a variedade BRS Clara (20,63 Kg planta-1), seguida da Adona (17,52 Kg planta-1. Assim, as variedades BRS clara e Adona destacaram-se com melhores características de qualidade e maior tolerância à rachadura e podridões de bagas, apresentando potencial para produção de duas safras ao ano no Submédio do Vale São Francisco.
COATING EFFICIENCY IN PREVENTING PHOTOLYTIC DEGRADATION OF TWO RANDOMLY SELECTED BRANDS OF METOPROLOL TARTRATE
Authors: Rahman Md. Anisur , Karim Mohammed Faisal Bin , Tirtha Nandi , Adib Kazi Imran , Parvin Roksana , Mahmud Md. Shahriar
Published: July 2017

This research work was carried out to determine whether the film coating is effective to prevent the photolytic degradation of Metoprolol tartrate which is known to have photosensitivity. For this purpose, two randomly selected brands of two different pharmaceutical companies were chosen i.e. Brand A and Brand B. These two brands were exposed to different lighting conditions (normal light, direct sunlight as well as two incandescent lights i.e. 25 watt bulb, 40 watt bulb). Potency tests were performed using UV spectroscopy which showed gradual decline in potency of the tablets under aforesaid lighting conditions and the potency degradations were found 11.48%, 12.92%, 22.62%, 16.87% for Brand A and 14.74%, 14.24%, 10.88%, 18.10% for Brand B under 25 watt bulb, 40 watt bulb, direct sunlight and normal room light respectively. So this study reveals that the both brands containing metoprolol tartrate showed significant light sensitivity even though they are coated and protective opaque packaging is highly recommended for their protection.
IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS FROM THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE BARK OF BAUHINIA TOMENTOSA L. BY GC-MS ANALYSIS
Authors: S. Gopalakrishnan , E. Vadivel
Published: July 2017

The bark of Bauhinia tomentosa L. is used wildly used for the treatment of varies ailments such as inflammation, wound, dysentery, skin diseases and for microbial infections. In the present study the ethanolic extract of the bark of Bauhinia tomentosa L. has been subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract was matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of fourteen phytochemical constituents, These compounds were identified by comparing their retention time and peak area with that of literature and by interpretation of mass spectra. The major chemical constituents are 4-(Benzyloxy)-1-methoxy-2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-benzene (10.88%), Levodopa (6.39%) and (9E, 12E) - Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate (5.68%) which possess many biological activities. Hence these studies pave a platform to screen many bioactive components for wound healing.
UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF NATEGLINIDE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM USING HYDROTROPIC SOLUBILIZATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: Mastanamma Sk. , Sukeerthi K.
Published: July 2017

Nateglinide is practically insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in strong acid; soluble in strong bases. It is an anti-diabetic, effective in treatment of diabetes. Solubility of Nateglinide is increased by using 0.1M Piperazine as a hydrotropic agent. Nateglinide showed the maximum absorbance at 220nm. At this wave length, hydrotropic agent and other tablet excipients did not show any significant interference in the spectrophotometric assay. The developed methods were found to be linear in the range of 5-30µg/ml with correlation coefficient r2 of 0.9966. The mean percent label claim of tablets of Nateglinide in formulation estimated by the proposed method was found to be 98.05%, 98.07%, 99.15%. The developed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and values of accuracy, precision and other statistical parameters were found to be in good accordance with the prescribed values. As hydrotropic agent was used in the proposed methods, these methods were eco-friendly and it can be used in routine quantitative analysis of drug in bulk and dosage form in industries.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC ASSAY METHOD FOR VILDAGLIPTIN USING QBD APPROACH AND ITS APPLICATION TO FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES
Authors: Chaphekar Meetali M. , Hamrapurkar Purnima D.
Published: July 2017

The concept of Quality by design (QbD) has recently gained importance in the area of analytical method development and involves understanding of the critical factors and their interaction effects by a desired set of experiments. So, the present work describes the development of Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method by QbD approach using Design of Experiments and subsequent validation for analysis of Vildagliptin in bulk drug and its pharmaceutical formulation. An efficient experimental design based on systematic scouting of all three key components of the RP‐HPLC method (Buffer pH, Organic Phase-% acetonitrile, Organic Modifier-Methanol) is presented. The significance and interaction effects of these parameters on the response variables (Retention time and tailing factor) were evaluated through statistical analysis tools like Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and plots which revealed the final chromatographic conditions of the method. The developed method was validated and Forced degradation studies were also carried out in order to determine the stability-indicating nature of the method. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Jasco CrestPack RP C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5μ) column using Buffer (pH 6): Acetonitrile: Methanol (70:10:20 v/v) as mobile phase and detection was done using Photo-Diode Array (PDA) detector at 210 nm. The developed method of Vildagliptin is linear over a range of 5-15μg/ml having correlation coefficient R2 value as 0.999. The %RSD for precision and accuracy of the method was found to be less than 2%. Forced Degradation studies revealed that the method was found to be stability-indicating. The results showed that the proposed method is suitable for the precise and accurate determination of Vildagliptin in bulk and its formulation.