bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga Masyarakat Pemukiman Atas Laut Di Kecamatan Kota Ternate
Authors: Rosnawati Wa Ode , Bahtiar Bahtiar , Ahmad Hasna
Published: January 2019

AbstrakPertumbuhan penduduk yang semakin banyak serta meningkatnya aktivitas masyarakat menjadi dasar adanya pertambahan jumlah sampah yang  dihasilkan  setiap  harinya.  Keberadaan  sampah  dapat  menjadikan lahan pencaharian baru bagi sebagian orang, namun tidak menutup kemungkinan sampah dengan jumlah banyak menjadi masalah lingkungan dan kesehatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga masyarakat pemukiman atas laut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian survey yang menggunakan variabel tunggal yaitu pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga masyarakat pemukiman atas laut yang berjumlah 42 KK. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah observasi dan angket. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus persentase. Hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa: Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga Masyarakat Pemukiman Atas Laut masih belum maksimal dengan kata lain masih tergolong sangat rendah hal ini dilihat berdasarkan responden dengan nilai persentase kategori nilai tertinggi berada pada responden yang tidak memiliki tempat penampungan sampah sementara didalam rumah, yaitu sebesar  90,47% sedangkan, kategori terendah berada pada responden yang memiliki dan  menyediakan tempat penampung sampah sementara didalam rumah yaitu, dengan persentase 9,53%. Kata kunci : Sampah Rumah Tangga, Pemukiman Atas Laut.                                                                                                                      AbstractIslandic growth one that more and more and increases it society activity becomes basic to mark sense waste amount increase that resulting everyday it. In the presence waste can make new work farm for some people, but doesn't close waste possible by totals a lot of as environment and health problem. This research did by aim to know family waste management settlement society on oceanic. This observational type is observational survey who utilize singles variable which is family waste management settlement society on oceanic total one 42 KK. Instrument who is utilized to gather data is observation and questionnaire. dianalisis's data by use of percentage formula. Analisis's result that point out ' date: Families Waste management Settlement Society On Oceanic still was maximal in other words still its bottommost rank is seen bases respondent with appreciative category percentage assesses supreme lie on Respondent that have no waste relocation place temporary at indoors, which is as big as 90,47% meanwhile, bottommost category lies on respondent that has and make place penampung temporary waste at indoors which is, with percentage 9,53%.Key word: Family waste, Settlement On Oceanic
Kandungan Merkuri dan Asam Sianida Pada Kerang Polymesoda sp di Teluk Kao Halmahera Utara
Authors: Pertiwi Reni Tyas asrining
Published: January 2019

Kesehatan manusia sebagian besar ditentukkan oleh makanannya. Makanan yang disarankan harus memenuhi kebutuhan gizi, rendah akan mikroorganisme patogen, demikian juga dengan kontaminan kimia (Marti et al., 2007). Menurut Simangge, (2011) beberapa jenis ikan yang telah diteliti di Teluk Kao dalam tingkatan membahayakan karena mengandung sianida. Sumber protein lain yang telah banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sekitar Teluk Kao yaitu kerang Kepah (Polymesoda sp). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu ingin mengkaji kandungan merkuri dan asam sianida pada kerang kepah Polymesoda sp yang di konsumsi oleh masyarakat sekitar Teluk Kao. Dengan mengetahui hasil kajian ini diharapkan hal dapat mengartikan tingkat keamanan kerang kepah Polymesoda sp layak tidaknya untuk dikonsumi oleh manusia. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kandungan merkuri dalam kerang kepah Polymesoda sp yaitu AAS dengan menggunakan pereaksi aquaregia dan analisis kandungan asam sianida pada kerang dengan menggunakan metode argentometri dengan pereaksi AgNO3. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu kandungan merkuri (1.24 – 3.49 mg/kg) dan asam sianida (14.55 – 24.11 mg/kg) pada Polymesoda sp di Teluk Kao telah melebihi ambang batas yang telah ditetapkan yaitu 0.5 mg/kg untuk merkuri dan 1.5 untuk sianida (WHO, 2004). Hal ini mengartikan bahwa kerang kepah Polymesoda sp di Teluk Kao tidak layak untuk dikonsumsi.Kata Kunci : Asam Sianida, Merkuri, Polymesoda sp
Pengaruh Ampas Tebu Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Tanaman Terong Hijau
Authors: Bustami Yakobus
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh ampas tebu terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman terong hijau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ampas tebu terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman terong hijau. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian eksperimen. Rancangan dalam penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 5 ulangan. Data yang akan diukur tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, jumlah daun dan jumlah buah. Alat pengumpul data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan lembar observasi dan dokumentasi berupa foto. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan inferensial. Analisis inferensial menggunakan uji anova dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Least Significanca Different (LSD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ampas tebu memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman terong hijau. Pertumbuhan tanaman terong hijau dengan pemberian ampas tebu menghasilkan rata-rata tinggi tanaman (27,8), panjang daun (20,77), jumlah daun (11 helai) dan jumlah buah (8 buah). Hasil ini diperkuat dengan analisis sidik ragam yaitu , dimana tinggi tanaman (33,38˃2,87), panjang daun (33,39˃2,87), jumlah daun (41,89˃2,87) dan jumlah buah (32˃2,87). Selanjutnya, Uji Least Significanca Different (LSD) menunjukkan bahwa ampas tebu perlakuan keempat (1500 gram) berpengaruh optimal terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman terong hijau.Kata Kunci: Ampas tebu, pertumbuhan, produktivitas, terong hijau
BIOCHAR DAN KOMPOS UNTUK PENINGKATAN SIFAT FISIKA TANAH DAN EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN AIR
Authors: Safitri Indah Nurul , Setiawati Tri Candra , Bowo Cahyoadi
Published: January 2019

Biochar merupakan mineral amorf digunakan sebagai bahan pembenah tanah. Biochar dikombinasikan dengan kompos untuk memperbaiki sifat fisika tanah dengan indikator tanaman Jagung Manis. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-Agustus 2017 di Agrotekhnopark Universitas Jember. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial 2x5 dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah kompos terdiri dari kontrol (K0) dan kompos 10 ton/ha (K1) dan faktor kedua adalah biochar terdiri dari kontrol (B0), biochar batang jagung 20 ton/ha (B1) dan 40 ton/ha (B2), biochar jerami padi 20 ton/ha (B3) dan 40 ton/ha (B4). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian kompos 10 ton/ha dan biochar batang jagung 40 ton/ha mampu menurunkan BV (26,5%), meningkatkan porositas (9,2%), meningkatkan pori air tersedia (61,9%). Pemberian biochar batang jagung 40 ton/ha meningkatkan berat basah (20,6%) dan berat kering tanaman (30,1%). Kombinasi perlakuan kompos (10 ton/ha) dan biochar jerami (40 ton/ha) mampu menurunkan kebutuhan air tanaman sebesar 34,4%. Pemberian biochar mampu mengefisiensi penggunaan air tanaman tertinggi sebesar 0,77 g/mm dibandingkan dengan kontrol sebesar 0,51 g/mm setiap tanaman. Kata kunci: Alfisol, biochar, kompos, efisiensi air, jagung manis
Penentuan Umur Simpan Ikan Roa Asap (Ikan Julung-Julung Asap) (Hemirhampus Sp) Menggunakan Metode ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Testing) Dengan Pendekatan Arrhenius
Authors: Harjan Ismail
Published: January 2019

Biochar merupakan mineral amorf digunakan sebagai bahan pembenah tanah. Biochar dikombinasikan dengan kompos untuk memperbaiki sifat fisika tanah dengan indikator tanaman Jagung Manis. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-Agustus 2017 di Agrotekhnopark Universitas Jember. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial 2x5 dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah kompos terdiri dari kontrol (K0) dan kompos 10 ton/ha (K1) dan faktor kedua adalah biochar terdiri dari kontrol (B0), biochar batang jagung 20 ton/ha (B1) dan 40 ton/ha (B2), biochar jerami padi 20 ton/ha (B3) dan 40 ton/ha (B4). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian kompos 10 ton/ha dan biochar batang jagung 40 ton/ha mampu menurunkan BV (26,5%), meningkatkan porositas (9,2%), meningkatkan pori air tersedia (61,9%). Pemberian biochar batang jagung 40 ton/ha meningkatkan berat basah (20,6%) dan berat kering tanaman (30,1%). Kombinasi perlakuan kompos (10 ton/ha) dan biochar jerami (40 ton/ha) mampu menurunkan kebutuhan air tanaman sebesar 34,4%. Pemberian biochar mampu mengefisiensi penggunaan air tanaman tertinggi sebesar 0,77 g/mm dibandingkan dengan kontrol sebesar 0,51 g/mm setiap tanaman. Kata kunci: Alfisol, biochar, kompos, efisiensi air, jagung manis
PENINGKATAN ILLUMINAN SELASAR KELAS GEDUNG FAKULTAS TEKNIK DENGAN PIPA CAHAYA
Authors: Amali Utdin Furqon
Published: January 2019

Pemanfaatan cahaya matahari sebagai pencahayaan ruangan selama ini kurang optimal. Pemanfaatan bukaan pada dinding yang bersebelahan lansung dengan ruang luar optimal dapat menerangi ruangan dengan kedalaman dua (2) kali tinggi bukaan. Ditambah lagi apabila ruangan tersebut mempunyai tingkat privasi visual yang tinggi atau ruangan yang tidak berhubungan langsung dengan ruang luar, maka ruang tersebut akan sulit untuk dapat memanfaatkan cahaya matahari sebagai penerangan di dalam ruang pada siang hari. Dengan memanfaatkan pipa cahaya, yaitu ruang yang dimanfaatkan untuk mentranportasikan cahaya dan sinar matahari ke dalam ruangan yang berada jauh di dalam bangunan, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan penerangan di selasar kelas gedung fakultas teknik. Dengan menggunakan metode simulasi, dengan bantuan program DiaLux, kita dapat membandingkan pencahayan yang ada di dalam ruangan sesudah dan sebelum memanfaatkan pipa cahaya. Dari hasil simulasi tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa di dalam ruangan yang menggunakan pipa cahaya, penyebaran pencahayaan lebih merata dan tingkat kontras di dalam ruangan lebih rendah. Dengan demikian penggunaaan pipa cahaya, dapat meningkatkan keseragaman penyebaran pencahayaan di dalam ruangan dan menurunkan tingkat kontras di dalam ruangan.Kata Kunci: eksisting, illuminan, pipa cahaya, selasar
Pengolahan Ikan Cakalang Asap (Katsuwonus pelamis) Dengan Penilaian Organoleptik
Authors: Husen Aziz
Published: January 2019

Hasil penelitian mendapatkan kayu mangrove, sabut kelapa, tempurung kelapa dari ketiga bahan bakar tersebut  dapat mepengaruhi aroma dan rasa yang berbeda pada produk dan warnanya menjadi keemasan atau kecoklatan.  Tujuan utama untuk mendapatkan asap yang dihasilkan dari pembakaran kayu terdiri dari uap dan partikel padatan yang berukuran sangat kecil agar penempelan dan pelarutan asap berjalan efektif sehingga memberikan rasa dan aroma yang khas pada ikan. Proses pengasapan yang digunakan adalah media drum tertutup ikan yang digunakan sebanyak 16 ekor.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengolahan ikan asap cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) dengan analisis organoleptik.  Ikan yang diasapi dengan menggunakan suhu panas 880C-990C dengan pengasapan kontrol sehingga hasil pengasapan ikan merata.  Pengujian organoleptik sebanyak 26 panalis produk pengasapan ikan cakalang asap masih dapat diterima oleh panalis.  Pengujian penampakan dengan nilai tertingi rata-rata 7.76, sabut kelapa dengan nilai rata-rata 6.22, dan tampurung kelapa 6. Hasil pengujian ikan cakalang asap dengan menggunakan kayu mangrove, tampurung kelapa, sabut kelapa mendapatkan nilai sangat berbeda nyata untuk penampakan, rasa warna, tekstur, dan aroma. Kata kunci: Pengasapan ikan cakalang dengan penilain organoleptik
Penggunaan Fly Ash Sebagai Bahan Tambah Pada Proses Pembuatan Mortar dengan Bahan Dasar Pasir Apung
Authors: Kabir Dahri , Imran Imran , Sultan Mufti Amir
Published: January 2019

Sumber daya alam yang terdapat di Kota Tidore Kepulauan, salah satunya berupa ketersediaan batu apung,yang telah dimanfaatkan untuk membuat bata pres. Di Kota Tidore juga terdapat abu batubara (fly ash) yang berasal dari PLTU yang dapat menggangu kenyamanan masyrakat sehingga batu bara ini di coba untuk bahan campuran bata semen untuk mengurangi beret semen dalam pembuatan bata semen. Tinjauan pada penelitian ini berupa sifat-sifat mekanis bata batu apung dan tahapan yang dilakukan antara lain : pengujian karakteristik material, perencanaan komposisi campuran 1PC : 4PS, dan variasi  limbah batu bara fly ash yang digunakan yaitu 0%, 10%, 20%, 30, 40% dan 50% dengan jumlah sampel 60 buah. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah semakin besar bahan tambah fly ash semakin tinggi nilai kuat tekan, untuk bahan tambah fly ash sebagai bahan tambah semen menghasilkan kuat tekan bata 133,88 kg/cm², 150,87 kg/cm², 161,06 kg/cm², 196,40 kg/cm², 243,29 kg/cm², dan 243,29 kg/cm². Dalam syarat-syarat fisis menunjukan bata semen pasir apung berada pada tingkat mutu bata semen mutu I.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS KERANG (KELAS BIVALVIA) DI PERAIRAN PULAU SIBU KECAMATAN OBA UTARA KOTA TIDORE KEPULAUAN
Authors: Umagapi Wirda A.Z. , Muna Lintal
Published: January 2019

Menurut Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi LIPI, di Perairan Ternate, Tidore dan sekitarnya memiliki kekayaan hayati laut yang tinggi dan dapat dipastikan bahwa perairan ini merupakan bagian dari pusat kekayaan keanekaragaman laut dunia. Pulau Sibu merupakan pulau yang terletak di Desa Guraping Kecamatan Oba Utara Kabupaten Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Letak geografis Pulau Sibu adalah 0°43′28″LU127°34′50″BT ( Wikipedia, 2016). Kondisi geografisnya yang dikelilingi oleh tumbuhan mangrove dan karang memungkinkan pulau ini kaya akan biota laut, salah satunya adalah kerang yang dalam sistematikanya tergolong kedalam kelas Bivalvia. Selain itu, pulau ini oleh Pemerintah Kota Tidore Kepulauan dijadikan sebagai salah satu tempat wisata. Perlu adanya monitoring tentang kondisi biota laut yang berada di kawasan Pulau tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis dan dominasi kerang (kelas Bivalvia) di Perairan Pulau Sibu Kecamatan Oba Utara Kabupaten Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, yang berlokasi di Perairan Pulau Sibu Desa Guraping Kecamatan Oba Utara Kabupaten Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Adapun waktu penelitian yaitu selama 3 bulan mulai dari Agustus sampai dengan Oktober 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode line transek, dengan panjang transek/lintasan sepanjang 50 m sebanyak 2 lintasan. Masing-masing lintasan terdiri dari 5 kuadran, dengan ukuran masing-masing kuadran 2x2 m. hasil penelitian di analisis dengan menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman jenis (H’) dan nilai dominansi (C). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa keanekaragaman jenis kerang di peraian Pulau Sibu tergolong rendah dengan indeks keanekaragaman jenis rata-rata pada lintasan I yaitu 0,23 dan lintasan II 0,28. Nilai dominansi menunjukan bahwa Tridacna maxima mendominasi di perairan Pulau Sibu dengan nilai dominansi pada lintasan I 0,67 dan lintasan II 0,53 yang tergolong dominansi sedang. Kata Kunci : Bilvalvia, Keanekaragaman Jenis, Pulau Sibu
CRP Gene Polymorphism and Their Risk Association With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Jebur Hakim Bahlok , Masroor Mirza , Ahmad Hafiz , Khan Naushad Ahmad , Akther Juheb , Bharali Dipu , Singh Vijay Kumar , Verma Amit , Khan Shahbaz , Khan Vasiuddin , Hasan Rameez , Bhatt Deepti , Goyal Yamini , Dev Kapil
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker associated with T2DM, obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease.
AIM: The present study evaluates the association of CRP +1059 G/C polymorphism of the CRP gene in 100 T2D cases and 100 healthy controls.
METHODS: Present study was done by allele specific PCR method to study the CRP gene polymorphism in study subjects.
RESULTS: Study found that CRP (+1059 G/C) genotype distribution among case and controls was found to be significant (p=0.001), Higher CRP C allele frequency (0.16) was observed compared to controls (0.04). CRP +1059 GC and CC had 2.72 (1.12-6.61), 20.56 (1.16-362.1) risk for T2D. It has been observed, HTN, Obesity, Smoking and alcoholism was found to be associated with increased risk of T2D, and a significant difference was observed in biochemical parameters.
CONCLUSION: Study concluded that CRP gene polymorphism was found to be associated with risk of Type 2 Diabetes and risk was linked with heterozygosity and mutant homozygosity. Hypertension, Obesity, Smoking and alcoholism increases the risk of occurrence of Type 2 Diabetes.
Sonographic Diagnosis and Clinical Correlates of Gallbladder Stones in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Inah Grace B. , Ekanem Emmanuel E.
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) causes chronic haemolysis which is a risk factor for cholelithiasis.
AIM: To determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of cholelithiasis in SCD patients in steady state treated at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital.
METHODS: This was a prospective study that took place at the Haematology and sickle cell disease clinics, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria between January and June 2018. The study population were aged between 1.5-5.5 years and confirmed to have SCD through haemoglobin electrophoresis. A brief history was obtained, and all the patients had a physical examination. Ultrasound examination was performed using a B-mode mind-ray ultrasound machine using a 3.5-5.0 MHz probe after an overnight fast. A Calculus is diagnosed when a highly echogenic structure casting a concrete shadow is detected in the lumen of the gallbladder.
RESULTS: One hundred and twenty confirmed SCD patients aged between 1.5-55 years were recruited in the study, 69 (57.5%) were males, while 51 (42.5%) were females. The overall prevalence of cholelithiasis was 10%, and it increased with age. The youngest patient with cholelithiasis was 13 years old. All the patients were asymptomatic at the time of examination. At the multivariate level, age, gender, weight and gallbladder volume were associated with gallbladder stones.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of cholelithiasis in patients treated at the Sickle Cell Clinic at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar is fairly high. The patients were largely asymptomatic, and cholelithiasis is more common in females than males. This study showed a weak association between blood transfusion and gallbladder stone. It is recommended that routine abdominal ultrasound scan for gallbladder be done for SCD patients from the second decade of life in our environment.
Correlation between Serum Leptin Level with Type and Number of Lesion Skin Tag
Authors: Putra Imam Budi , Siregar Remenda , Jusuf Nelva K. , Ginting Oratna , Nurhayati Raja
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Skin tag is a benign tumour of connective tissue in the skin, sessile or pedunculated, skin-like to brownish coloured and often arises in the flexure area. Etiopathogenesis of skin tag is still unclear, but one of the aetiology is associated with leptin hormone.
AIM: To determine the correlation between leptin serum level with type and number of the lesion skin tag.
METHODS: This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design involving 33 skin tag patients. Diagnosis of skin tag was based on history and clinical examination; we conducted blood sampling and measurement of serum leptin level to the patients.
RESULTS: We found the mean serum leptin level of skin tag patients were highest on the type of lesion mixed (31.54 Â± 12.85 ng/ml). The mean number of skin tag lesions was 13.6 Â± 5.8 lesions. There is a very high positive correlation between serum leptin level with a number of skin tag (r = 0.86) with p < 0.05 and significant correlation between serum leptin level with the type of lesions (p = 0.037).
CONCLUSION: Serum leptin level has a very high positive correlation to a number of skin tag and significant correlation between serum leptin level with the type of lesion.
Correlation between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels with Keloid Severity
Authors: Damanik Vira Indhiratamin , Putra Imam Budi , Ginting Oratna
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Keloids are dermal fibroproliferative tumours characterised by excessive deposition of extra cellular matrix components. The active form of vitamin D is known to inhibit the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts by inhibiting extracellular matrix production induced by transforming growth factor ÃŸ (TGF-Î²) and increasing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. Vitamin D derivatives are thought to be an early preventive treatment strategy for keloid.
AIM: To determine the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with keloid severity.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analytic study involving 32 keloid patients. Keloid patients were diagnosed by history and clinical examinations. Then an assessment of the severity was conducted using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS). We conducted blood sampling and measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level to the patients. This study has been approved by the Health Research Ethics Commission of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan.
RESULTS: There is negative correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with severity in keloid patients (p = 0.0001; r = -0.737). There is no significant correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with gender (p = 0.271), age (p = 0.201; r = -0.232), duration of keloid (p = 0.505; r = -0.122) and family history (p = 0.262).
CONCLUSION: Lower level of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the severity of keloid became an increasingly heavy. There is no significant difference between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with gender, age, duration of keloid and family history in keloid patients.
Trigonocephaly: Case Report, Review of Literature and a Technical Note
Authors: Sumkovski Robert , Kocevski Ivica , Micunovikj Micun
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Premature fusion of the metopic suture results in a type of craniosynostosis known as trigonocephaly. The treatment of trigonocephaly is surgical and is likely to remain so. Surgical methods and techniques for correction of craniosynostosis-related skull deformities have evolved, and a single best procedure is yet to be presented.
CASE REPORT: Here we present a technical remark in a case of open cranial vault reconstruction.
CONCLUSION: Although the literature, in general, prefers barrel stave (radial) frontal bone osteotomies, a technique with longitudinal frontal bone osteotomies were performed, without fixation of the bony flaps, frontal bone or supraorbital arch, with a quite satisfactory result.
Drug-Induced Melanoma: Irbesartan Induced Cutaneous Melanoma! First Description in the World Literature!
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Temelkova Ivanka
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Melanoma appears to be a malignant disease, whose development can be potentiated by different drug groups. More and more data are in favour of the claim that commonly used antihypertensive drugs also contain the risk of developing melanoma. The most evidence is that angiotensin receptor blockers may be carcinogenic. Two representatives from this group, valsartan and irbesartan, produced by certain pharmaceutical companies are being withdrawn from the market due to finding content of NDMA and NDEA, which are believed to be potent carcinogens. Another representative of this group, losartan, according to in vitro data, potentiates cell adhesion and invasion of human melanoma cells.
CASE REPORT: We present a 45-year-old man with arterial hypertension. For year and a half/two years, the patient is on systemic therapy with Aspirin and Irbesartan/Hydrochlorothiazide. The patient also reported about the presence of a pigmented lesion in the abdominal area, which occurred 5-6 years ago, before the onset of cardiac therapy. According to him, there was a change in the colour and size of the lesion within the framework of cardiac therapy (from 1.5-2 years). Innovative one step melanoma surgery was performed, and the lesion was radically removed with a 1 cm operational safety margin in all directions within one operative session. The subsequent histological verification found the presence of thin melanoma.
CONCLUSION: Drug-induced melanoma turned out to be a problem of significant importance. The group of angiotensin receptor blockers should be investigated more thoroughly and in detail on the probability of potentiating carcinogenesis. We describe an interesting case showing the progression of pigment lesion to melanoma as a possible result of irbesartan therapy, i.e. we share a theory that differs from that of drug-induced de novo melanomas. It should not be overlooked the fact that another widely used drug-Aspirin, is also likely to potentiate the development of melanoma. Furthermore, the case is indicative of the use of one step melanoma surgery in a melanoma patient with a thickness less than 1 mm.
Irbesartan Induced Cutaneous Melanoma! Second Case in the Medical Literature!
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Temelkova Ivanka
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Drug-induced melanoma is a topic, concept or "reality" becoming more and more popular as the list of drugs considered as potential inducers of cutaneous melanoma is constantly growing. Interesting and current at the moment is the question/dilemma of "Irbesartan induced melanomas" and "Valsartan induced melanomas"! The following questions are without answers: 1) the general risk which angiotensin receptor blockers contain for potentiating the carcinogenesis and cancer development (as a whole);  2) available officialized data for withdrawal from the market of products with valsartan and irbesartan due to detected potential carcinogens-NDMA/NDEA, and 3) the missing official information on the most likely forms of cancer potentiated by these drugs. That is precisely why many questions remain open, and the inevitable assumption arises for the key, although according to some conspiratorial role of so-called "pharmaceutical giants" in the concept of drug-induced malignancies.
CASE REPORT: We present a 72-year-old man with arterial hypertension in connection with which he is taking Irbesartan 300 mg (1-0-0), Amlodipine 5 mg (0-0-1) and Moxonidine 0.2 mg (0-0-1). The patient reported the presence of pigment lesion in the head area, which dates from many years and 3 years ago it was at the size of the nail plate on the index finger. Irbesartan therapy dates from 1.5-2 years, and according to the patient 1.5-2 years after the start of irbesartan therapy, the lesion grew sixfold, accompanied by sensitivity and discomfort in the area. Clinically and dermatoscopically the lesion had data on superficial spreading cutaneous melanoma. Tumour thickness â‰¤ 1 mm was measured preoperatively by ultrasound. The so-called one-step melanoma surgery (OSMS) was performed, and the lesion was removed by elliptical excision with an operative surgical margin of 1 cm in all directions within one operative session. The subsequent histological study (and screening staging) found that it was a superficial spreading melanoma stage IA (T1bN0M0).
CONCLUSION: Possible, but unlikely, in our opinion, is that the intake of angiotensin receptor blockers (in particular irbesartan), and the progression of benign precursor lesions to malignant do not have a direct relationship. The growing number of data in the literature for drug-induced melanoma and massive withdrawal of products with valsartan and irbesartan due to the content of probable carcinogens speaks, however in favour of the opposite, namely that it is more likely to speak about established dependence than of a sporadic association. Drug-induced melanoma-rather a reality than a myth.
Anxiété et dépression périnatales chez des femmes migrantes à Genève : une étude longitudinale
Authors: Sharapova Anna , Goguikian Ratcliff Betty
Published: January 2019

L’étude présentée a pour buts de : 1) comparer les taux de symptômes anxieux et dépressifs périnataux chez des femmes migrantes et suisses ; 2) identifier les facteurs de risque sociodémographiques et socioculturels (acculturation) associés à la symptomatologie anxio-dépressive et 3) suivre l’évolution de l’anxiété et de la dépression du pré- au post-partum. L’échantillon comportait 43 migrantes et 41 Suissesses. La dépression a été mesurée avec l’ Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale et l’anxiété moyennant la State-Trait Anxiety Inventory . L’anxiété anténatale chez les migrantes était prédite par des facteurs psychosociaux, alors que la dépression anténatale l’était par l’attachement à la culture d’origine. Au post-partum, l’anxiété et la dépression étaient principalement prédites par l’anxiété et la dépression anténatales. Les migrantes étaient plus vulnérables que les Suissesses aux stresseurs psychosociaux auxquels venaient s’ajouter des facteurs socioculturels.
Histoire de l’accouchement en Occident : évolution des connaissances, techniques, croyances, rites et pratiques professionnelles au travers des âges
Authors: Clesse Christophe , Lighezzolo-Alnot Joëlle , De Lavergne Sylvie , Hamlin Sandrine , Scheffler Michèle
Published: January 2019

L’objectif de cet article est de présenter l’évolution de l’histoire de l’accouchement en Occident. Pour ce faire, une revue de littérature interdisciplinaire a été menée en 2017 au sein de 12 bases de données (Public Health Database, Cairn, Persée, Psycinfo, Psycarticles, PubMed, Sage-ScienceDirect, Springer, Taylor et Francis, Wiley et Web of Science) et de la littérature dite grise. La sélection réalisée s’est principalement basée sur la présence de la thématique abordée, la fiabilité et la pertinence des écrits. Un total de 39 écrits a été sélectionné puis regroupé et catégorisé en 5 périodes historiques distinctes (préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen Age, époque moderne, époque contemporaine). Chaque période présente des caractéristiques socio-historiques et idéologiques qui lui sont propres afin de contextualiser l’évolution des connaissances, croyances, techniques, rites et pratiques professionnelles entourant l’accouchement. Pour finir, une brève discussion portera sur la place de l’accouchement et les dualités symboliques au sein desquelles il se réalise.
Mythes et fantasmes posthumanistes en clinique et nouvelles médiations thérapeutiques
Authors: Tordo Frédéric
Published: January 2019

Cet article propose une réflexion sur les fantasmes et mythes à l’ère hypermoderne (singularité, mythe du posthumain et « fantasme de la famille-robot »), ainsi que sur l’usage des nouvelles médiations thérapeutiques (jeux vidéo et robots) pour les mettre au travail. Le dispositif retenu dans ce contexte est la méthode psychanalytique : des cas cliniques sont présentés, issus de la pratique en cabinet de l’auteur. L’analyse souligne que la dynamique familiale, qui sous-tend dans la clinique le surgissement de ces nouvelles fantasmatiques, peut être travaillée d’une manière médiée par « diffraction sur la technologie », et ce singulièrement dans la psychose ou dans le champ de l’autisme.
(Ré)apprendre à lire des textes de jeunes scripteurs ?
Authors: Besnard Marielle , Elalouf Marie-Laure
Published: January 2019

Partant du constat qu’une lecture coopérative des textes d’élèves se heurte à de nombreuses résistances, l’article rend compte d’une recherche collaborative menée en classe de Sixième. Il s’efforce de montrer comment le professeur peut, sans renoncer à ses exigences ni alourdir le temps d’annotation, s’assumer comme sujet-lecteur et engager un dialogue avec des élèves-auteurs et des textes en devenir. Ce changement de posture passe par des gestes langagiers tissant une communauté de lecteurs. Il a des conséquences sur la conception même de la séquence où les formes et fonctions de l’écrit sont réévaluées : des écrits de travail prennent place dans le déploiement du travail d’écriture, installant des temps de réflexivité articulés à des activités orales et écrites. Une analyse de comptes rendus précédés par la rédaction de listes en fournit une illustration.
Guider la réécriture dans l’enseignement supérieur : analyse de pratiques enseignantes
Authors: Jacques Marie-Paule , Charles Émilie
Published: January 2019

Les dernières années des cursus universitaires sont des lieux privilégiés pour l’exercice d’une réécriture guidée. Les mémoires de master ne sont pas réalisés en un seul premier jet mais donnent lieu à échanges, allers-retours du texte entre l’étudiant-scripteur et l’enseignant-encadrant, au cours desquels ce dernier inscrit, parfois dans le texte même du mémoire, des conseils, recommandations, prescriptions voire des bribes de réécriture. Ce sont ces interventions des enseignants qui sont analysées ici, pour proposer une typologie qui éclaire les pratiques d’accompagnement d’une écriture déjà experte. Les disciplines concernées sont les sciences du langage ou la didactique du français pour l’enseignement, les enseignants correcteurs sont donc des spécialistes de la langue et de l’écriture, menant par ailleurs des travaux de recherche sur la langue, le texte et/ou les discours. La typologie, fondée sur l’analyse de près de 700 commentaires enseignants, distingue les différents aspects sur lesquels ceux-ci réagissent et met en évidence plusieurs niveaux d’intervention : la forme de l’écrit, la conceptualisation qui s’élabore, la construction du texte, les attentes méthodologiques de la discipline universitaire et une manière d’entrée en dialogue. Le décompte de ces commentaires manifeste l’attention portée aux formulations, qui garantissent l’intelligibilité du texte, mais aussi aident à la construction des savoirs.
Faits religieux et laïcité à l’Éducation nationale. L’embarras des assistantes sociales scolaires
Authors: Verba Daniel
Published: January 2019

En raison d’une plus grande visibilité de l’islam en France, les travailleurs sociaux sont confrontés, depuis deux décennies, à des pratiques constituant pour eux une nouvelle source de questionnements et d’embarras. En s’appuyant sur une enquête réalisée auprès de 219 assistantes sociales scolaires, l’article montre comment ces professionnelles abordent les faits religieux dans l’enseignement secondaire et les fractures dont ils sont l’expression. Il cherche aussi à montrer que le référentiel religieux constitue plus un recours social qu’un sursaut de religiosité.
Accompagner des équipes dans la prise en compte du fait religieux et de l’interculturalité
Authors: Kessar Zahia
Published: January 2019

L’auteure, anthropologue et psychosociologue, présente une expérience d’accompagnement d’équipes éducatives dans une réflexion sur la prise en compte du fait religieux dans leur pratique professionnelle. Elle met l’accent dans cet article sur la façon dont cette question peut être travaillée avec une perspective psychosociologique articulant les différentes dimensions : individu, équipe, organisation, institution. Partant de cette expérience, elle montre comment le fait religieux vient questionner la pratique professionnelle en référence au projet et aux valeurs institutionnelles dans un contexte où les structures éducatives vivent des transformations et l’émergence de nouvelles valeurs.
Faire la place à l’autre… mais pas toute la place. La question du religieux dans l’espace de formation
Authors: Egry Marie-Claude , Favel Françoise
Published: January 2019

Cet article interroge la manière d’appréhender les phénomènes religieux dans un centre de formation de professionnels de la petite enfance qui se réfère à la pédagogie institutionnelle et à la psychanalyse. Il montre comment des faits religieux peuvent entrer en conflit avec les réglementations extérieures ou les espaces internes à l’institution et mettre en difficulté le sujet comme l’institution. Tout au long de cet article sont développées des situations où ces questions sont traitées à partir des espaces de parole institués, dans une recherche de préserver et de garantir à la fois l’accueil de la singularité et le collectif.
Argent et religions
Authors: Bengarai Tarik , Boissière Yann , Morley Jean-Paul , Pedotti Christine , Bouilloud Jean-Philippe
Published: January 2019

La table ronde reprise dans cet article a eu pour but d’interroger les grandes religions monothéistes dans leur rapport à l’argent. Au-delà des textes sacrés initiaux, qui définissent les interdits (le prêt à intérêt, par exemple) et organisent les « bonnes pratiques » de l’argent, plusieurs points émergent de façon transversale : l’argent est un élément du lien social, il doit circuler et essayer de rééquilibrer les inégalités sociales. Ensuite, sa valeur morale sous-jacente procède à la fois de son origine et, surtout, de son emploi. C’est dans l’emploi de l’argent et dans sa place dans le monde social que réside in fine la cohérence, ou l’incohérence, entre les pratiques de l’argent et les textes religieux.
Les conduites défensives dans les groupes freins à la créativité dans un serious game : l’exemple de cadres formés au management d’équipe
Authors: Martin Lydia
Published: January 2019

La recherche en psychosociologie du travail dont est issu cet article porte sur l’utilisation d’un serious game (« jeu sérieux ») pour former des cadres au management d’équipe. L’auteur s’intéresse à la créativité et au travail par la médiation du jeu. Elle appuie sa réflexion sur le concept théorique du jeu tel que défini par Winnicott ainsi que sur les différences sémantiques, en anglais, entre «  play » et « game ». En partant de ses observations de 16 situations de jeu et des entretiens associés avec les 44 cadres volontaires rencontrés, elle a constaté un degré faible de créativité. La question s’est posée de comprendre quelles sont les conditions qui ont empêché dans l’expérience du jeu la créativité. L’une des raisons fait référence aux conduites défensives dans les groupes.
Surgical Outcomes of Epibulbar Dermoids
Authors: Panda Anita , Ghose Suprio , Khokhar Sudarshan , Das Hrishikesh
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate results of lamellar keratoplasty in limbal dermoid.

Methods: The ocular records were reviewed of 155 consecutive eyes with solid epibulbar dermoids that underwent lamellar keratoplasty at Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences from 1977 to 1998. According to the size and location, the dermoids were managed surgically either by sectoral, annular, or central lamellar keratoplasty.

Results: AH but 16 eyes improved cosmetically; while all the patients showed reduction in astigmatism, 116 eyes improved functionally.

Conclusion: Excision with lamellar keratoplasty appears to be an effective means of management for extensive limbal dermoid. To avoid development of amblyopia, surgery at an early age is preferred.

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2002;39:20-25.
Extraocular Muscle Surgery in Dysthyroid Orbitomyopathy: Influence of Previous Conditions on Surgical Results
Authors: Oguz Velittin , Yolar Murat , Pazarli Halit
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To determine the influente of previous treatments other than the surgical treatment of restrictive myopathy resulting from dysthyroid orbitomyopathy.

Methods: The outcome of 23 cases with dysthyroid orbitomyopathy was evaluated after extraocular muscle surgery.

Results: It has been observed that the duration of the orbitomyopathy, severity of myopathy of the deviation angle, and the modality of treatment prior to surgery (radiotherapy and corticotherapy) did not influence surgical outcome. Binocular single vision was achieved in primary and reading positions in 14 of 23 cases (60.9%) after surgery while prisms were required to achieve the same result in 5 cases (21.7%).

Conclusion: It is concluded that previous treatment does not influence the results of extraocular muscle surgery in patients with dysthyroid orbitomyopathy.

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strasbismus 2002;39:77-80.
Effect of Levodopa and Carbidopa in Human Amblyopia
Authors: Pandey P K , Chaudhuri Zia , Kumar Maneesh , Satyabala K , Sharma Pankaj
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: To assess the role of continuous therapy for 3 weeks with levodopa and carbidopa in the management of human ambiyopia in children and adults.

Method: There were 88 amblyopic eyes of 82 subjects included in this double masked randomized prospective clinical trial. Levodopa and carbidopa combination in 2 different dosage schedules were given to both adults and children. The response was monitored of the improvement in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visually evoked potentials.

Result: Patients receiving higher dosages of levodopa and carbidopa in both adults and children showed a better response to treatment. However, the effect did not last beyond 9 weeks of stopping treatment.

Conclusion: Though levodopa and carbidopa therapy may not be able to ameliorate ambiyopia on its own on a long-term basis, it may be considered nonetheless to be an important adjunct to conventional therapy because it may improve patient compliance for occlusion by improving visual acuity in the amblyopic eye. Thus, it offers promise of improving the functional outcome in these cases. However, longer follow-up trials are needed to substantiate these conclusions.

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2002;39:81-89.
Long-Term Results of Superior Oblique Tendon Elongation for Brown's Syndrome
Authors: Stolovitch Chaim , Leibovitch Igal , Loewenstein Anat
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate superior oblique tendon lengthening technique in the treatment of congenital Brown's Syndrome.

Methods: Retrospective evaluation of 8 patients with Brown's syndrome (ages 2.5 to 8 years) who underwent superior oblique split tendon elongation as the primary procedure.

Results: The mean follow-up period was 35 months (range 18 to 72 months). Seven of 8 patients had complete resolution of the compensatory head posturing and downshoot in adduction, and achieved some ability to elevate the eye in adduction. One of the operated eyes required reoperation because head posture persisted and a tenectomy of the superior oblique tendon was performed with satisfactory results.

Conclusions: The superior oblique split tendon lengthening technique is proposed as a possible procedure of choice for the treatment of Brown's syndrome.

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2002;39:90-93.
Vertical Rectus Recession for the Innervational Upshoot and Downshoot in Duane's Retraction Syndrome
Authors: Mohan Kanwar , Saroha Vandana
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To report the results of recession of the vertical rectus muscle for the innervational upshoot and downshoot in Duane's retraction syndrome.

Methods: Ten patients who had Duane's retraction syndrome with innervational upshoot or downshoot underwent recession of the superior and inferior rectus muscle for the upshoot and downshoot, respectively. This procedure was combined with recession of the lateral rectus muscle(s) for exotropia in 6 patients and for the mechanical upshoot-downshoot in one patient. Postoperatively, the effects of surgery on the upshoot/downshoot, and horizontal and vertical deviation in the primary position were recorded. Average follow-up period was 1.2 years.

Results: Following surgery, the innervational upshoot/downshoot was eliminated in all patients. Mean vertical deviation in the primal position in 6 patients was reduced from 21.2 to 2.5 prism diopters and none of them developed a consecutive vertical imbalance. Four patients did not have a vertical deviation in the primary position preoperatively and one of them developed 10 prism diopters hypotropia following recession of the superior rectus muscle.

Conclusions: Recession of the superior and inferior rectus muscle is a safe and effective treatment for the innervational upshoot and downshoot, respectively, in Duane's retraction syndrome.

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2002;39:94-99.
Anterior Transposition of the Inferior Oblique Muscle for Treatment of Superior Oblique Palsy
Authors: Farvardin Majid , Nazarpoor Shahin
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Weakening of the inferior oblique muscle is the procedure of primary importance in patients with superior oblique palsy, Knapp's Classes I and III. In this study, the effectiveness of anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle in treatment of these patients was evaluated.

Methods: Sixteen patients with superior oblique palsy, Knapp's Classes I and III, underwent anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle. The tip of the disinserted muscle was sutured to the sclera, parallel, and adjacent to the lateral border of the inferior rectus muscle insertion. The prism and alternate cover test measurements were made in all cardinal positions of gaze before and 6 months after surgery.

Results: The mean reduction of hyperdeviation was 15 prism diopters (PD) in the primary position, 23.4 PD in adduction, 26.65 PD in elevation and adduction, and 18.63 PD in depression and adduction. There was no hypotropia in the primary position. Mild limitation of upgaze has occurred in 3 of these patients, and mild fullness of the lower lid was developed by 25%. Postoperative hyperdeviation in the primary position was 5 PD or less in 15 out of 16 patients.

Conclusions: The anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle is very effective in eliminating hyperdeviation in patients with superior oblique palsy, Knapp's Classes I and III. Up to 25 PD reduction of hyperdeviation in the primary position can be achieved. If this type of anterior transposition is used, primary position hypotropia or marked limitation of upgaze possibly will not occur.

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2002;39:100-104.
No Clinical Correlation Between Bilirubin Levels and Severity of Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Hosono Shigeharu , Ohno Tsutomu , Kimoto Hirofumi , Shimizu Masaki , Nozawa Masayo , Genkawa Ryuichi , Yoshida Tomohide , Wada Satoru , Harada Kensuke
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the hypothesis that bilirubin has a protective effect against the development of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: An assessment of 76 infants born at 24 and 25 weeks' gestation and admitted to the level Ml neonatal intensive care unit at Saitama Children's Medical Center was made. Indirect ophthalmoscopy fundus examinations were performed on all infants to identify the degree and progression to threshoid ROR We analyzed the daily bilirubin levels and grouped the patients according to the severity of ROP based on the infant's worst ROP examination. The first group was comprised of infants with less than stage 3 ROP and infants with stage 3 ROP. The second group was infants with less than prethreshold ROP or prethreshold ROP, and infants with threshold ROP. Next, we divided the infants into 3 groups: less than prethreshold ROP, prethreshold ROP, and threshold ROP. The daily changes in serum bilirubin concentrations during the first 14 days of life were determined for each infant. Three groups (less than prethreshold ROP, prethreshold ROP, and threshold ROP) were comparable as to their basic data, clinical characteristics, and treatments.

Results: ROP was found in 76 infants. There were no statistical differences in the clinical characteristics and treatments, excluding the duration of phototherapy, among the 3 groups. During the first 14 days of age, there were no significant differences in the daily mean bilirubin concentrations according to the groups separated by severity of ROP.

Conclusion: These results indicate that there is no distinct protective effect of bilirubin on the development of severe ROP.

Journal of Pediatrie Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2002;39:151-156.