bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of phosphorus and zinc levels on total soluble carbohydrate and crude protein in grain of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) grown in Bauchi, Nigeria
Authors: Kiri Idris Z. , Sawa F.B.J. , Abdul S.D. , Gani A. M.
Published: May 2024

Two field experiments were conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Engineering Research Farm of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, between 2006 and 2007 to study the effects of phosphorus (0, 25, 50 kg P/ha) and zinc levels (0, 2.5, 5 kg Zn/ha) on Total Soluble Carbohydrate and Crude Protein of six cowpea varieties namely: IT90K 277, IT93455 1, IT89KD 288, IT97K 568 18, IT90K 82 2 and Kanannado. The objectives of these experiments were to determine which levels of P, Zn and the various interactions of P, Zn, and year that had produced the highest total soluble carbohydrate (TSC) and crude protein (CP) on the grain contents of the cowpea varieties studied and to determine the best varieties in terms of TSC and CP upon the application of these nutrients (P and Zn) in Bauchi, Nigeria. The results revealed that increased levels of P from P0 to P50 significantly increased the CP and TSC contents of the cowpea grains. Similarly, higher Zn levels (2.5 and 5 kgha-1) were observed to have significant effects on TSC and CP contents of the cowpea grains. Interactions of P and Zn were equally observed to significantly affect TSC and CP contents of the cowpea grains. Of all the six (6) cowpea varieties, Kanannado recorded the highest TSC and CP in the cowpea grains. With regard to year, 2006 recorded the highest CP while 2007 had the highest TSC. Higher levels of P and Zn or their associations were recommended for improving TSC and CP contents of the cowpea grains, with emphasis on Kanannado for Bauchi farmers.
Pharmacological mechanism of antiulcer activity of chromatographic Fraction B obtained from Acacia nilotica seedpods in experimental rats
Authors: Abdulazeez Azeemat Titilola , Balogun Elizabeth Abidemi , Yusuf Zaharadeen Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Acacia nilotica (Lam) is an important multipurpose tree with many indigenous uses. It is most widely found in Northern Nigeria, tropical and sub-tropical countries. It is used therapeutically to alleviate and manage many illnesses. Acacia nilotica seedpod is used in local traditional medicine to treat gastric-related disorders. The present study was aimed at evaluating the possible mechanism of gastroprotection of chromatographic fraction B derived from Acacia nilotica n-butanol partitioned extract using ethanol for ulcer induction. Chromatographic fractionation of the n-butanol solvent partitioned extract yielded three different fractions (FA, FB, and FC). The possible mechanism of action of FB was assessed by investigating the involvement of endogenous nitric oxide, non-protein sulfhydryl group, and prostaglandin. The ulcer index of ulcerated rats pre-treated with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) which is a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor and subsequently administered with Fraction B was not significantly higher (p>0.05) from rats in the ulcerated group. Similarly, Pre-treatment with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), a blocker of endogenous sulfhydryl to ethanol-induced ulcerated rats that were treated with chromatographic FB gave an ulcer index that was not significantly different (p>0.05) from the ulcerated control group. However, prostaglandin synthesis inhibition by pretreatment with indomethacin did not affect the gastroprotective activity of FB. The study concludes that the observed anti-ulcerogenic activity exhibited by chromatographic Fraction B of Acacia nilotica n-butanol partitioned extract is possibly due to the increase in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and endogenous sulfhydryl group.
Implications of larval breeding sites on diversity of mosquito species in Suleja Metropolis, Northcentral Nigeria
Authors: Adesoye Oluwaseun Adegbola , Adediran Adewale D. , Oyeniyi Tolulope , Olagundoye Olalekan E. , Izekor Romoke T. , Adetunji Oluwakemi O. , Babalola Ayodele S. , Abdulazeez Adeniyi Kamoru , Akinsete Israel , Oyeniran4 Oluwatoyin. A. , Akinleye Callistus A. , Isaac Chidinma , Adekeye Taye , Adeogun Adedapo
Published: May 2024

Information on native mosquito species viz-a-vis the nature of their breeding sites can help determine the epidemiology of mosquito-borne diseases in an environment, hence, species of mosquito in breeding sites were surveyed in Suleja metropolis. All accessible larval habitats were surveyed between June and October, 2023 within Suleja township and New (Sabo) Gwazunu both of which are within Suleja metropolis. A total of five species: An. gambiae s.l, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, and Cx. papiens were encountered. The mean values of larvae recovered from transient habits such as rock holes and holes on shrubs and tree bark are significantly (P ˂ 0.05) higher than larvae recovered from run-off and drums in new (Sabo) Gwazunu. Disused wheel tires had the highest species diversity in Suleja township (Shannon-Weiner index=0.60) while the highest species diversity obtained in New Gwazunu is 0.48 Shannon-Weiner index. The contribution of ecosystems, together with the increasing rate of human activity, may give an abundance of breeding grounds for mosquitoes. It is therefore recommended that the human population in Suleja metropolis should maintain environmental sanitation and management.
Development of a facial recognition model using optimized convolution neural network with Tiny-ML and fingerprint authentication for safe lock entry
Authors: Martins Oluwaseun Opeyemi , Aribisala Adetoye Ayokunle , Abdulhamid Muhammad Mahdi , Joshua Idowu Oluwatimileyin , Oluwatobi Olaoye John , Samuel Olumoko Ronald
Published: May 2024

Safe boxes have been used for centuries to protect valuable items, and their design and construction have evolved over time to improve security. In this study, we carried out the design and implementation of a facial recognition technology using optimized convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with TinyML and fingerprint. The facial recognition system is designed using pre-trained CNN architectures then optimized with TinyML to make it fit into resource constrained edge device, the fingerprint recognition is designed using ridge matching biometric algorithm which fits in perfectly into the microcontroller-based system. The safe box was fabricated using sheet metal and insulated using heat resistive material (fiber glass), components like OV2640 camera module, ESP32-S3, R305 Fingerprint sensor, 4.3 inches touch screen TFT display and a charging module to manage and charge the systems battery were used. The system was implemented to be a level two security and two-way verification system using secured Wi-Fi to access the system before the facial and fingerprint recognition functionality is activated, the sequence of operation can either be facial recognition before fingerprint recognition or fingerprint recognition before facial recognition. Evaluating the system’s facial recognition performance with confusion matrix, of all the optimized CNN architectures like VGGNet, SENet, RestNet, MobileNet-V2, EfficientNet-B0, SENet Architecture performed best outputting an accuracy of 98%, precision of 92%, also SENet unoptimized model performed same, MobileNet-V2 performed optimally in the inference speed test with a speed of 15ms/images with the fingerprint also evaluated using confusion matrix and perform with 98% accuracy. It was noticed that the inference speed of the unoptimized model is faster than that of the TinyML optimized model which is justifiable based on the processing clock speed, memory usage, GPU and architecture of the microcontroller/microprocessor. From the result obtained TinyML proves to be suitable mean for edge AI (artificial intelligence) and is recommended for future research and development.
Detection of cervical cancer using deep transfer learning
Authors: Omodunbi Bolaji A. , Soladoye Afeez A. , Esan Adebimpe O. , Okomba Nnamdi S. , Olowo Temiloluwa G. , Ojelabi Oluwapelumi M.
Published: May 2024

Cervical cancer, the fourth most prevalent disease among females, is one of the major threats to the health of women worldwide. The early detection of cervical cancer is crucial for efficient disease management and medical care since it increases the likelihood of treating and curing the disease. Medically cervical cancer is usually diagnosed using pap test or colposcopic examination. This tests are time consuming and lack of enough, but with technological advancement and application of artificial intelligence to health care, machine learning algorithms has be giving faster and more accurate prediction of illness. This study made use of the readily available SIPAKMed dataset which includes the collection of a large image dataset of 4049 images. Due to the fact that detection of this type of cancer using medical images gives a faster and more accurate detection compared to using structured dataset comprising of various attributes related to cervical cancer. Pretrained EfficientNet-B7 was used as the detection model. The dataset went through series of preprocessing techniques like filtering using low and high pass filter, normalization using Min-Max Scalar. Label and image data were then converted to an array. The developed system was evaluated and gave an average accuracy and precision of 87% and 87% respectively, it was then compared with Graph Neural Network and Random Forest but they were both outperformed. As a result of this, EfficientNet-B7 is a very good deep learning algorithm for detecting cervical cancer using medical images. Other architectures of convolutional neural networks should be experimented and their performance should be compared with the developed system in future work, while larger dataset should be utilized as well.
Prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis among school children in Biu Local Government Area, Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Usman A.M. , Lawal M.S. , Nicholas N. M.
Published: May 2024

Intestinal schistosomiasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases caused by four species of the genus Schistosoma. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, knowledge and risk factors associated with intestinal schistosomiasis in the study area. A total number offour hundred and twenty (420) fecal samples were collected from the study participants in the three sampling locations; Tum, Buratai and Biu metropolis. Samples collected were examined using formal-ether concentration technique. Other information about the participants’ knowledge on the disease and associated risk factors were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Three 3(0.7%) out of the entire samples examined were found with the eggs of Schistosoma mansoni and only age group 11-13years and 14-16years 1(0.7%) and 2(1.8%) has egg of Schistosoma mansoni in their fecal samples respectively. All the 3(1.6%) infected participants were male while no female 58 participant was infected with the parasite. Miringa had the highest prevalence of (1.9%) followed by Buratai(0.9%) and no infection in Biu metropolis. The difference in the prevalence rate between the age groups, sexes and locations of th eparticipants was statistically not significant. There was high level of ignorance and poor knowledge about the transmission, prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis among the participants. Other parasites encountered during the study were Ascaris lumbricoides (54%) Trichiuris trichiuria (33%), Giardia intestinalis (3%), Entamoeba histolytica (4%), Ancylostoma duodenale (6%). During this study, Schistosomiasis was not endemic in the study area but other intestinal parasites. Therefore, there is need for stakeholders to educate the people on the effect of this parasite and treat the few infected individuals using praziquantel for schistosoma spp and other anthelmintic drugs for mass administration to avoid further escalation of the intestinal parasites in the area.
A 10-year review of oral squamous cell carcinoma at the oral pathology laboratory, university of Ghana dental school
Authors: P. B Frimpong , H. S-M Ben-Yunusah , J. R Adjei , A. O Nsiah , M. D Chitipothu , Y. A Adu-Darko , N. O Nartey
Published: May 2024

Background: Oral Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for about 90% of all tumors in the head and neck region. It is a cause of cancer mortality among Africans. There is limited information and documentation on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) in Africa. Only a few studies in Ghana have evaluated the clinicopathological features of OSCC. This study reported the prevalence, age, sex distribution, common presentation sites, and degree of differentiation of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients presenting to the Oral Pathology Diagnostic Laboratory over 10 years.Method: This was a retrospective analysis of cases of OSCC diagnosed at the Oral Pathology Diagnostic Laboratory, Ghana Dental School, Ghana, between January 2011 and December 2020.Results: A total of 3526 cases were diagnosed in the study period; 167 cases were oral squamous cell carcinoma. The prevalence of OSCC was 4.74%. The gender distribution was 2.86% among males, and 1.87% among females. The mean age of patients was 60.08 ± 16.207; the median age was 61. Peak incidence was in the 51-60- and 61-70-year groups in both sexes. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1. The commonest site of the presentation was the tongue (26.7%), followed by the buccal mucosa (19.2%), alveolus (11.0%), palate (11.0%), the mandible (8.7%), floor of the mouth (6.4%), lower lip (5.8%), Maxilla (4.1%), retromolar pad (2.3%) and upper lip (0.6%). Most of the lesions were well differentiated (58.10%).Conclusion: The present data highlight the reduced ratio of males to females presenting with OSCC, the increasing number of OSCC cases in the young and middle-aged adult population, the tongue as the most common site, and most lesions being well-differentiated lesions. This study will help improve public health education and documentation of lesions for future studies.
Factors associated with helmet use among motorcyclists presenting with maxillofacial injuries to a tertiary hospital in Ghana
Authors: Y.A Boateng , P. K Blankson , E. N. L Mensah , N. O Gyau-Darko , G. D. K Ketemepi , F. K Arhin , K Bosompem-Acheampong , M Alhassan , M . K Yeboah-Agyapong , H. A Salifu
Published: May 2024

Background: Although mandatory helmet laws exist in many countries, compliance has been reported to be poor in some countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The success of programs aimed at increasing the use of helmets by motorcyclists depends on the identification of the factors associated with helmet usage. Sociodemographic factors have been reported to differ between motorcyclists who consistently wear a helmet and those who do not. The identification of the factors associated with helmet usage would enable the institution of targeted measures to enhance compliance with mandatory helmet laws.Methods: The study examined factors associated with wearing helmets by motorcyclists to inform policies geared towards reducing the burden of motorcycle-related road traffic crashes. This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the 37 Military Hospital, Accra, Ghana. Demographic data of patients presenting with maxillofacial injuries secondary to motorcycle crashes were consecutively collected and analyzed. The use of a helmet was compared among sex, age category, occupation, and patient role. Statistical significance was inferred at an alpha level of 0.05.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the use of helmet by male and female motorcyclists. (P=0.537). Middle-aged adults were more likely to wear a helmet as compared with young adults and minors. (P=0.043). Also, 62% of formally employed participants wore helmets, while a disparate 46% and 30% of informally employed and unemployed participants wore helmets at the time of injury. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.019), likewise the comparison of helmet wearing between riders and pillion passengers (P=0.002).Conclusion: The use of helmets by motorcyclists is associated with age, occupation, and role of the motorcyclists. The implementation of mandatory helmet laws needs to consider the attitude of particular population groups to ensure its success.
A Historical-Analytic Perspective on Islam and Cinematic Culture in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Banjo Rukayat N.
Published: May 2024

This article reviewed the intricate relationship between film/cinematic culture and Islam in northern Nigeria and more importantly, the  reception of film as a culture in Hausa Muslim societies. Various media ethnographical studies have revealed that since the introduction  of cinema, the acceptance and consumption of film and other cinematic products are to a large extent influenced by the Sharia (Holy/ Islamic Law), which serves as a guide for northern filmmakers and a corrective measure for the media representations of the happenings  in their societies. The belief of northern Muslims is that films and cinema are harbingers of immorality and should be  eschewed. Indeed, and arguably so, this is the general disposition of the northern Muslims to western ways. The overwhelming exertions  of the Kano State Film and Video Censors Board (KSCB) make this claim evident. This study considered the mobility and survival of  cinematic culture in the heart of Nigeria’s most Islamic centre, Kano, otherwise known as Kannywood. It adopted a historical-analytic approach to the study of the development of cinema in northern Nigeria and examined the cinematic culture vis-à-vis Islam in northern  Nigeria. The paper contended that globalisation and the advent of advanced technology are yet to influence film contents from the  region or mass acceptance and consumption of modern films by its populace. It concluded that the Sharia and the involvement of Islamic  scholars/clerics have inhibited the growth of Kannywood.
Sense and Sensibility: The Politics of Representation in Chimamanda Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun
Authors: Lakanse Obakanse Olusegun
Published: May 2024

No literary enterprise is as complex and challenging as writing a novel on civil war, especially in a postcolonial, multi-ethnic society. It is a  narrative that often generates very contentious views, and so requires a very nuanced and complex telling. It is the contention of this  article that Chimamanda Adichie must have realised the complex and difficult nature of her task when she was writing Half of a Yellow  Sun (Half), hence, her attempt at some historical nuance and ambivalence in the novel. Therefore, this paper attempts a deconstruction  of Adichie’s methods and styles in Half of a Yellow Sun and highlights some of the challenges and perspectival difficulties she must have  encountered while she was writing the novel. The paper also highlights some of her lapses, silences and evasions. It concludes that there  is something Adichie deftly inters in the roles and assertions she ascribes to her characters and in the way she has shaped her narrative  that seems to indicate not only how ethnicity permeates and structures everything we do and represent in the country but also how the  question of ethnicity has seldom been made a subject of self-scrutinising reflection in public discourse.
Outbreak Of Fowlpox In Commercial Brown Pullets Previously Vaccinated With Fowlpox Vaccine In Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Umar B.N. , Ahmad M.T. , Ungogo M.A.
Published: May 2024

Fowlpox is a contagious viral disease of poultry, ranked as the third most important cause of mortality in Nigerian indigenous chickens.  The present study confirms an outbreak of fowlpox in a flock of 500 Isa brown, 11-weeks-old pullets in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The  pullets were managed under deep litter system and previously vaccinated with live attenuated vaccine (ABIC biological laboratories Ltd.  Israel) at 8-weeks old. They had gross lesions suggestive of cutaneous fowlpox on skin of the head region with 58% morbidity but  persistent low mortality rate of 13.8%. Fowlpox virus was isolated from the cutaneous lesions using chorioallantoic membrane (CAM)  inoculation in 9 to 11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs based on the presence of opaque-white pock lesions, then confirmed by Agar  Gel Immuno Diffusion test using homologous known fowlpox virus (antigen) and antisera. Specific antibodies to fowlpox virus were quantified from the sera of the chickens using an indirect ELISA (Abbkine, Inc, China). The case was managed using; Intramuscular  injection of oxytetracycline (TLA), topical applications of oxytetracycline spray as well as oral administrations of Doxygen® and vitamins.  Apparently healthy chickens were revaccinated against fowlpox and the pen was thoroughly cleaned, washed, and disinfected. This report  had shown an occurrence of vaccine failure, alongside a promising management option and highlighted the significance of  vaccination with strict biosecurity measures in the control of fowlpox in Nigeria.
Influence de traitements sur la germination et la croissance en pépinière d’Afzelia quanzensis Welw. (Fabaceae) à Lubumbashi en République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Mujike Désiré Numbi , Lokoto Boniface Mbinga , Kalombo Fiston Mpange , Mukendi Elie , Kaseya Paul Kazaba , Mavungu GaÃ«l Nzuzi , Kapend Dieu le veut Kapend , Bwana Henry Henes Kaya , Balimwacha Jules Lwamba , Dikoshi Robert Monga Ilunga , Shutcha Mylor Ngoy
Published: May 2024

Description du sujet. La diminution de la superficie de Miombo conduit à la disparition des espèces de plantes de grand intérêt socio-économique. Le reboisement avec les espèces locales des sites dégradés est de plus en plus recommandé à ces jours, car l’utilisation des espèces exotiques peut conduire à des perturbations majeures dans la forme et la fonction de l’écosystème.Objectif. Cette étude vise à évaluer les possibilités de multiplication générative d’Afzelia quenzensis en testant différentes techniques de levée de dormance.Méthodes. L’expérimentation a été conduite suivant un dispositif complètement randomisé de trois traitements : T0 (témoin), T1 (graines trempées dans l’eau de robinet à température ambiante pendant 3 jours) et T2 (graines trempées dans l’eau bouillante jusqu’au refroidissement) répétés quinze fois.Résultats. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le trempage des graines dans l’eau de robinet à température ambiante pendant trois jours permet d’obtenir le meilleur taux de levée (93±5%). Le trempage des graines dans l’eau bouillante est à déconseiller (37±8%). Cinq mois après expérimentation, les plantes ont atteint environ 30 cm de hauteur, mais l’influence des traitements est non significative.Conclusion. L’espèce A. quenzensis constitue une option à explorer dans les travaux de reboisement visant à utiliser les espèces locales. Le suivi en plein champ pendant une longue période d’observation permettrait de tirer les meilleures conclusions.
Description of the subject. The decline in Miombo's surface area is leading to the disappearance of plant species of great socio-economic interest. Reforestation of degraded sites with local species is increasingly recommended these days, as the use of exotic species can lead to major disturbances in the ecosystem form and function.Objective. The aim of this study was to generatively propagate Afzelia quenzensis by testing different dormancy-breaking techniques.Methods. The experiment was carried out using a completely randomized design with three treatments: T0 (control), T1 (seeds soaked in tap water at room temperature for 3 days) and T2 (seeds soaked in boiling water until cooled) repeated fifteen times.Results. The results show that soaking the seeds in tap water at room temperature gives the best results (93±5%). Soaking seeds in boiling water is not recommended (37±8%). Five months after experimentation, the plants had reached a height of around 30 cm, but the influence of the treatments was not significant.Conclusion. A. quenzensis is a serious option to be explored for reforestation work aimed at using local species. Field monitoring over a long observation period would enable the best conclusions to be drawn.
Dynamique de l'occupation du sol autour du lac de Guiers (Sénégal) de 1980 à 2020 : enjeux et perspectives pour une Gestion Intégrée des Ressources en Eau
Authors: Ndour Niokhor , Ndiaye Cheikh , Sy Thierno Bachir , Kane Aliou
Published: May 2024

Description du sujet. Cet article examine les évolutions d'occupation des terres dans la région du lac de Guiers au Sénégal sur une période allant de 1973 à 2020.Objectif. L'objectif de l'étude est d'analyser les changements d'occupation des terres dans la région du lac de Guiers au Sénégal sur une période de 1973 à 2010, en mettant en lumière les facteurs sous-jacents et leurs implications environnementales et socioéconomiques.Méthodes. La méthode de l'étude repose sur l'analyse diachronique des données d'occupation du sol à travers des cartes et des images satellites sur une période allant de 1973 à 2020. Cette approche permet d'examiner l'évolution des unités spatiales et d'identifier les principaux facteurs qui ont influencé ces changements.Résultats. Les principaux résultats révèlent des changements significatifs dans l'occupation du sol autour du Lac de Guiers au Sénégal entre 1973 et 2020. Ces changements incluent une expansion des aménagements agricoles, une diminution de la superficie d'eau, et une prolifération de la végétation de typha. Ces transformations sont influencées par des facteurs tels que la construction de barrages, les changements climatiques, l'essor démographique et industriel.Conclusion. L’étude souligne à cet effet l'importance de la gestion intégrée des ressources en eau (GIRE) face aux défis posés par ces évolutions, en mettant en lumière les enjeux liés à l'accès à l'eau potable, la préservation des écosystèmes et la nécessité d'une approche intersectorielle.
Description of the subject. This article examines land use changes in the Lake Guiers region in Senegal over a period from 1973 to 2020.Objective. The objective of the study is to analyze land use changes in the Lake Guiers region in Senegal over a period from 1973 to 2010, highlighting underlying factors and their environmental and socio-economic implications.Methods. The study methodology relies on a diachronic analysis of land use data using maps and satellite images spanning from 1973 to 2020. This approach enables the examination of spatial units' evolution and identification of key factors influencing these changes.Results. The main findings reveal significant changes in land use around Lake Guiers in Senegal between 1973 and 2020. These changes include an expansion of agricultural developments, a decrease in water surface area, and a proliferation of typha vegetation. These transformations are influenced by factors such as dam construction, climate change, and demographic and industrial growth.Conclusion. The study underscores the importance of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in addressing the challenges posed by these changes, highlighting issues related to access to clean water, ecosystem preservation, and the necessity of an intersectoral approach.
Application de quelques normes d’exploitation forestière à faible impact environnemental : cas des villages Tondolo et Kakana dans le Sud-Est de la République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Robert Monga Ilunga Dikoshi , Israël Muchiza Bachinyaga , Boniface Mbinga Lokoto , Justin Mbuyu wa Kakudji , Néhémie1 Kabange Masangu , Désiré2 Numbi Mujike
Published: May 2024

Description du sujet. L’exploitation du bois d’oeuvre constitue une importante source de revenu pour les acteurs impliqués dans cette activité et leurs dépendants. Cependant, elle dégrade les forêts et cause divers impacts sur l’environnement naturel et humain.Objectif. L’étude vise à évaluer le niveau d’application de quelques normes à impact environnemental réduit dans l’exploitation forestière artisanale du bois d’oeuvre aux alentours de la ville de Lubumbashi.Méthodes. Un questionnaire d’enquête à questions fermées et ouvertes a été administré aux exploitants artisanaux de bois d’oeuvre à Lubumbashi. Un échantillonnage de 84 personnes repartis dans deux villages a fait objet de l’enquête.Résultats. L’exploitation artisanale du bois d’oeuvre est majoritairement pratiquée par les jeunes dont l’âge varie entre 20 et 29 ans (67,8 %) et essentiellement célibataires (62 %). Le marquage est la principale technique d’identification des essences à protéger (75 %).Conclusion. De manière générale, les exploitants forestiers artisanaux tendent à respecter les normes à impact environnemental réduit considérées dans cette étude.
Description of the subject. Timber exploitation is an important source of income for those involved in this activity and their dependents. However, it degrades forests and causes various impacts on the natural and human environment.Objective. The study aims to assess the level of compliance with selected low impact forest management standards in the artisanal timber sector around the city of Lubumbashi.Methods. A survey questionnaire consisting of both closed and open-ended questions was given to artisanal timber operators in Lubumbashi. A sample of 84 people selected from two villages were interviewed and surveyed.Results. Artisanal wood harvesting is mainly carried out by young people aged between 20 and 29 (67.8 %), who are predominantly single (62 %). Marking is the main technique used to identify the species to be protected (75 %).Conclusion. In general, the environmental standards considered in this study are more likely to be met by small-scale forest operators.
Influence of Stacking Order on the Structural and Optical Properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 Absorber Layer Prepared from DC-Sputtered Oxygenated Precursors
Authors: Gwaydi January S , Sawa Hezekiah B , Rwenyagila Egidius R , Komba Nathanael R , Kibona Talam E , Mlyuka Nuru R , Samiji Margaret E , Mwakyusa Lwitiko P
Published: May 2024

Several studies have attempted to overcome the sudden volume expansion of the precursor during sulfurization by the use of oxygen-containing precursors when growing the CZTS absorber. This work demonstrates the influence of precursor stacking orders on the properties of the CZTS thin film absorber layer from DC-sputtered oxygenated precursors for solar cell applications. CZTS absorber layers were prepared from three types of DC-sputtered stacks, namely, Zn-O/Sn/Cu, Sn/Zn-O/Cu, and Sn/Cu/Zn-O. The precursors were sequentially deposited on a soda lime glass (SLG) using DC-magnetron sputtering and annealed in a sulfur and nitrogen ambient. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy analyses reveal the formation of crystalline kesterite CZTS structure regardless of the precursor stacking order. Atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis showed that CZTS thin films grown from precursor stacks SLG/Zn-O/Sn/Cu and SLG/Sn/Zn-O/Cu had improved morphological properties with densely packed large grains compared to that with stack SLG/Sn/Cu/Zn-O. SLG/Zn-O/Sn/Cu is the best stack among the studied stacking orders since it exhibits large grains in the absorber layer, which is preferential for high-efficiency thin film solar cells. The use of oxygenated precursor with order Sn/Zn-O/Cu promises improved CZTS absorber properties as it exhibits better morphological properties.
TÍNH TOÁN THIẾT KẾ CƠ CẤU TRUYỀN ĐỘNG CỦA THIẾT BỊ HỖ TRỢ XE LĂN LEO CẦU THANG
Authors: VÕ NGỌC YẾN PHƯƠNG*  , VÕ TẤN TÀI
Published: May 2024

Khó khăn của người tàn tật hoặc người cao tuổi trong trong quá trình sử dụng xe lăn là di chuyển lên xuống cầu thang bộ. Vì vậy, việc chế tạo thiết bị hỗ trợ xe lăn di chuyển trên cầu thang là một lĩnh vực cấp thiết. Vì lý do đó, bài báo này trình bày tính toán thiết kế cơ cấu truyền động của thiết bị hỗ trợ xe lăn di chuyển trên cầu thang. Thiết bị hỗ trợ xe lăn lên xuống cầu thang có cơ cấu tách rời với xe lăn, nhỏ gọn, dễ tháo lắp, khi sử dụng chỉ cần một người trợ giúp.
THIẾT KẾ TỐI ƯU CHO HỆ THỐNG CẢNH BÁO VI PHẠM HÀNH LANG AN TOÀN DỰA VÀO CẢM BIẾN LASER VÀ TRUYỀN THÔNG LORA
Authors: NGUYỄN HỮU PHƯỚC  , NGUYỄN DUY KHANG  , TRẦN NHỰT THANH *
Published: May 2024

Cảnh báo vi phạm hành lang an toàn thì rất cần thiết trong nhiều lĩnh vực chẳng hạn như điện cao thế, giao thông và an ninh. Một số giải pháp cảnh báo vi phạm hành lang an toàn đã được đề xuất và thử nghiệm. Tuy nhiên, các nghiên cứu này gặp phải một số hạn chế chẳng hạn như chi phí đầu tư cao và khó triển khai ứng dụng thực tế trên diện rộng. Nghiên cứu này đề xuất một thiết kế tối ưu cho hệ thống cảnh báo vi phạm hành lang an toàn thông qua việc lựa chọn cảm biến, giải pháp truyền thông và năng lượng cung cấp. Hệ thống gồm có một trạm trung tâm kết nối với các trạm giám sát bằng sóng LoRa với khoảng cách tối đa lên đến 1.5 km. Tại trạm giám sát, cảm biến laser kiểu phản xạ gương được sử dụng để phát hiện vi phạm trong phạm vi 300 m. Trạm trung tâm tiếp nhận và gửi trạng thái của các trạm giám sát lên dịch vụ đám mây để người dùng có thể truy cập từ xa. Bên cạnh đó, trạm trung tâm còn gửi email tự động đến người dùng và lưu trữ thông tin khi có xảy ra vị phạm. Trạm giám sát và trạm trung tâm được cấp điện bằng năng lượng mặt trời nên hệ thống dễ dàng triển khai thực tế, thậm chí ở nơi chưa có lưới điện.
ƯỚC TÍNH CHUYỂN VỊ LỚN NHẤT CỦA GỐI CON LẮC MA SÁT BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP LỰC NGANG TƯƠNG ĐƯƠNG
Authors: NGUYỄN VĂN NAM
Published: May 2024

Gối con lắc ma sát đơn là thiết bị kháng chấn rất hiệu quả cho kết cấu. Trong quá trình chuyển động, chuyển vị ngang của gối thường rất lớn, đây là một yếu tốt bất lợi của nó. Do đó, kỹ sư thiết kế cần phải có một phương pháp xác định thông số này một cách nhanh chóng và chính xác. Bài báo này sẽ trình bày một phương pháp xác định chuyển vị ngang lớn nhất của gối này dựa theo phương pháp lực ngang tương đương được quy định trong tiêu chuẩn ASCE/SEI 7-16. Nghiên cứu này cũng tiến hành đánh giá độ chính xác của phương pháp này bằng cách so sánh với kết quả phân tích theo lịch sử thời gian của một ví dụ số. Chuyển động nền được chọn trong phân tích là 14 băng gia tốc gần phay đứt gãy có chứa các xung vận tốc. Thông qua kết quả thu được từ phân tích, độ chính xác của phương pháp lực ngang tương đương cho trường hợp này được chỉ ra.
PHÂN TÍCH MẤT ỔN ĐỊNH CHỎM CẦU COMPOSITE NHIỀU LỚP
Authors: ĐẶNG NGUYỄN NGỌC SANG  , MAI THỊ HOA  , VŨ DUY THẮNG *
Published: May 2024

Bài báo trình bày phương pháp phân tích phần tử hữu hạn cho bài toán ổn định chỏm cầu composite nhiều lớp sử dụng lý thuyết góc xoay trung bình. Nghiên cứu sử dụng phần tử hữu hạn dạng thức tổng Lagrangian và các phần tử ANS 9 nút. Chỏm cầu được liên kết ngàm xung quanh và chịu tải trọng phân bố đều. Trong nghiên cứu, ảnh hưởng của chiều dày, số lớp, cách bố trí các lớp composite được xét đến khi tính toán ổn định cho chỏm cầu. Hệ phương trình phi tuyến ổn định được giải bằng phương pháp điều khiển chuyển vị (Riks-Wemper). Các kết quả phân tích ổn định chỏm cầu đồng chất trong nghiên cứu được so sánh với kết quả thực nghiệm của các tác giả khác để đánh giá tính phù hợp của mô hình.
Desafíos de la comprensión lectora frente al hipertexto en adultos: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Fuentes Cuiñas Ana Alejandra
Published: May 2024

El objetivo del artículo es discutir las contribuciones más relevantes de la última década en relación a la comprensión lectora en formato hipertexto, en población adulta sin dificultades de lectura y en su idioma materno. Algunos estudios plantean efectos negativos de la lectura en condiciones de hipertexto sobre la comprensión lectora. Otros estudios señalan la importancia de diferencias individuales cognitivas como variables moderadoras y mediadoras en estos efectos, entre ellas, el nivel de memoria de trabajo y el conocimiento previo del lector. Por otro lado, algunos estudios indican posibles variables externas moderadoras como el uso de soportes de navegación (uso de hipervínculos e instrucciones para facilitar la tarea de lectura y subrayados).
Plasticidad cognitiva en adultos mayores: valores de referencia de la AVLT-PA para adultos de Buenos Aires
Authors: Gonzalez Aguilar María Josefina
Published: May 2024

Introducción. En Latinoamérica, los estudios de plasticidad cognitiva en el envejecimiento son escasos. La AVLT-PA es una versión modificada de la Lista de Rey que evalúa plasticidad cognitiva mediante la valoración del potencial de aprendizaje. No se cuenta con datos normativos de la AVLT-PA para adultos mayores. Objetivo. Estudiar la correlación entre variables sociodemográficas (sexo, edad y nivel educativo) y la AVLT-PA en personas mayores, para presentar valores de referencia argentinos de la AVLT-PA. Metodología. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 107 adultos mayores argentinos entre 60 y 89 años. Se analizaron la correlación y las diferencias de variables de la AVLT-PA según sexo, edad y nivel educativo. Resultados. Se observó una correlación negativa estadísticamente significativa entre edad y AVLT-PA, y se observaron diferencias según sexo. No se observó correlación entre las variables de la AVLT-PA y los años de educación. Conclusiones. La AVLT-PA presenta diferencias según edad y sexo, pero no presentó correlación con los años de educación formal, resultando así una herramienta útil para describir el funcionamiento en memoria episódica en personas mayores sanas con diferentes niveles educativos. Por lo tanto, se tomaron en cuenta estas variables para presentar los valores de referencias de la AVLT-PA para población argentina.
Memory, Religion, and Authoritarianism in Post (1994)-Genocide Rwanda
Authors: Temoney Kate E.
Published: May 2024

This article attempts to theorise governmental efforts of the Kagame regime to construct a common national identity that precariously hinges on the adoption of an official revisionist history. Guided by Jan Assmann’s theory of cultural memory and Maurice Halbwachs’ collective memory, it may be argued the government’s official narrative of Rwanda’s idyllic history is a strategy for securing Rwanda’s future by linking it to an ancestral past. This narrative is largely supported by museums and the frozen memories of Tutsi returnees — to the exclusion of competing narratives — as materialised and publicly disseminated through traditional dances and tandemly pursued through private spaces through infiltration and closure of churches and mosques. However, per Rebekah Phillips DeZalia, a new version of history must successfully replace the former in the personal narratives of the people and not simply control public discourse through a top-down approach. Hence, the Kagame regime is also utilising a bottom-up strategy of infiltrating day-to-day, intimate spaces — one of which is religious spaces by both exploiting and curbing religious influence, appropriating religious language, and referencing the divine right of kings — all which are designed to sustain public confidence in the possibility of post-1994 genocide reconciliation and to realise Kagame’s vision of a unified and prosperous Rwanda. The regime’s strategy involves inverting the overall passage of personal memory to collective memory to history as well as repressing memory in official memorials by excluding narratives that contradict or do not legitimise the Kagame regime’s agenda. This tandem manipulation and suppression of memory is aided by the aggressive campaign of church and mosque infiltrations as well as closures, respectively, which may be functionally understood using Thomas Luckmann’s notions of invisible religion (Rwandan government) as competing with visible religions (Christianity and Islam). These government strategies are detrimental to the trauma-coping potential of visible religions and undermines reconciliation — highlighting the fragile architecture of Kagame’s authoritarian vision for peace.
“My Life Has Ended”: Exploring the Refugee Protection Process and How it Affects Future Orientation in Refugees
Authors: Winter Fiza Lee
Published: May 2024

Much of refugee protection focuses on the legal aspects within the international refugee protection regime, which arguably results in less attention being paid to the more practical aspects to the realisation of that protection including the processes the refugees have to undergo as well as its impacts. As a cornerstone of the international refugee protection regime, non-refoulement (the forcible return of people to countries where they face persecution) is also a jus cogens (peremptory norm from which no derogation is permitted) principle. While crucial in and of itself, a meaningful protection regime should ideally result in further non-violation of refugees’ human rights including the prevention of refugees being revictimised, particularly when undergoing processes intended in securing their protection. Through refugee narratives, this article takes us on a journey in exploring some of the ways in which the protection regime may contribute to harming refugees. Further, based on refugee testimonies, this article sheds light on the probable impacts to refugees’ future orientation, an outcome of having undergone the protection processes as they take the perilous journey from flight to resettlement. More critically, this article aims to open the discussion further with a view to improve protection outcomes and prevent revictimisation of the refugees themselves as they navigate these various processes.
Dynamic Traffic Management Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Aji Thomas
Published: May 2024

This study combines fuzzy logic with a modified genetic algorithm (GA) to provide a novel method of dynamic traffic management in urban settings. The study fills in a vacuum in the literature by reviewing the body of work and focusing on the integration of fuzzy logic and modified GAs for dynamic traffic management. A fuzzy logic system enables real-time decision-making, and the proposed methodology formulates the optimization problem, defines the objective function, and encodes solutions (chromosomes) for the modified GA. The approach's effectiveness is demonstrated by experimental evaluations carried out in a simulation environment, which exhibit notable enhancements in traffic flow when compared to conventional methods. The adaptability of the fuzzy logic system in handling dynamic traffic scenarios can be understood through an analysis of the evolution of its parameters. An analysis of the findings reveals the approach's advantages, disadvantages, and possible directions for future study. It propels the field by giving a suitable methodology to compelling traffic stream improvement in metropolitan settings.
Teologi Liturgi Dan Ibadah Virtual
Authors: Dwi Kristantyo Apolos
Published: May 2024

Liturgy is not only about the arrangement of the service program, not only about the agenda of worship. But the service itself is a liturgy. Because of this, we know the terms Sunday worship liturgy, family worship liturgy, marriage confirmation and blessing liturgy, funeral liturgy and so on. What exactly do we understand by liturgical theology and virtual worship? Because churches have held virtual services and liturgy, which were not held before. And will virtual worship still be relevant when the pandemic has passed? Therefore, this article is intended to examine the theology of liturgy and virtual worship. Liturgical theology and virtual worship are actually theology and reflection, as well as Christian congregational activities that can be applied or practiced directly in certain situations, in this case during the Covid-19 pandemic. When the Covid-19 pandemic has passed, then virtual worship is possible is no longer needed. Because basically direct fellowship in places of worship or churches, where the congregation meets and shakes hands in person, is an essential need for humans as social creatures. However, it is still possible to hold virtual services because it is necessary for congregants who are sick and have permanent illnesses, so that congregants cannot come to worship at the house of worship directly and want to receive online worship services.
Efektifitas Sosialisasi Program Reuse, Reduse, and Recycle di Lingkungan Kampus UIN Raden Fatah Palembang
Authors: Rahmadina Nurul , Syarifuddin Achmad , Trisiah Anita
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki latar belakang masalah yaitu dilihat dari lingkungan kampus yang berada di lingkungan sosial yang padat penduduk serta ramainya pedagang di lingkungan kampus yang membuat lingkungan kampus selalu menimbulkan limbah sampah, sedangkan UIN Raden Fatah Palembang sedang berkomitmen menjadi kampus hijau yang ramah lingkungan dan bebas sampah. Sehingga Tim EcoGreen Campus UIN Raden Fatah Palembang membuat program Reuse, Reduce and Recycle serta melakukan sosialisasi di lingkungan kampus. Hal inilah yang menjadi latar belakang penelitian ini di mana peneliti ingin mengetahui apakah sosialisasi yang dilakukan oleh Tim EcoGreen Campus UIN Raden Fatah Palembang berjalan secara efektif. Teori yang digunakan pada skripsi ini adalah Teori Flow dan Teori SWOT. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data Miles and Huberman. Sumber data penelitian ini berjumlah 11 orang. Data yang penulis dapatkan yaitu melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Adapun hasil penelitian ini mendeskripsikan ada tiga macam arus komunikasi yang digunakan dalam melakukan sosialisasi program Reuse, Reduce and Recycle yaitu One-Step Flow Communication, Two-Step Flow Communication, dan Multi-Step Flow Communication. Terdapat pula kendala di lingkungan Fakultas dalam melakukan sosialisasi. Sosialisasi dikatakan efektif untuk beberapa bentuk sosialisasi seperti sosialisasi secara langsung dan sosialisasi menggunakan berbagai media, sedangkan untuk sosialisasi melalui pihak Fakultas belum sepenuhnya berjalan dengan baik sehingga dapat dikatakan belum sepenuhnya efektif.
Eficacia del proceso de investigación orientado a Tesis.
Authors: Larrea Jústiz Raúl
Published: May 2024

El proceso de investigación busca cumplir eficazmente con el resultado hacia el cual se dirige. El punto de partida
está en la selección del tema. Un modo de contribuir a la eficacia de este primer paso es aplicar el filtro conformado por un conjunto de criterios que deben cumplirse. Una vez seleccionado el tema. tiene fundamental relevancia el análisis del problema de investigación, esta blecer los resultados u objetivos de investigación a alcanzar. Siguen pasos de vital importancia como
los marcos teórico y conceptual, la hipótesis, sus variables y el trabajo para obtener datos, crear información y construir conocimiento plasmado en diagnóstico y propuesta. La eficacia del proceso de investigación se comprobará en la medida de que se haya logrado la adecuada verificación de hipótesis, así como la comprobación del cumplimiento de objetivos.
Análisis de los modelos económicos neoliberaly de economía social y solidaria implementados en ecuador. Incidencia en la participación ciudadana
Authors: Reinoso Cesar , Fernández Sotelo Adalberto
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo contiene una aproximación para el análisis de algunas de las implicaciones que ha traído la aplicación de los Modelos económicos del Neoliberalismo y de Economía Social y Solidaria en Ecuador que deviene en comparación y valoración sobre los niveles de participación ciudadana en el proceso de toma de decisiones de las diferentes instancias de gobierno.
Diseño de un Modelo de Gestión del Conocimiento para desarrollar Competencias Investigativas en la educación media y superior en Guayaquil
Authors: Avilés Noles Andrés
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo muestra los avances de una investigación que forma parte del Proyecto titulado: “Sistema de Gestión del Conocimiento para desarrollar competencias investigativas en la educación media y superior en Guayaquil”. El trabajo muestra un estudio minucioso de diferentes enfoque modelos y tendencias de la Gestión del Conocimiento así como de la formación de competencias investigativas para concluir con una propuesta que se adapta de manera esencial a los objetivos del proyecto.Este se desarrolla de conjunto con otras universidades y se aplicará de forma experimental en las mismas (UTEG; UTEQ) y tres colegios, una vez culminado el mismo, será replicado al resto de instituciones educativas para generalizar un resultado que contribuirá significativamente al desarrollo de la investigación a nivel educativo medio y superior en el país.