bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction of the oxidant-antioxidant balance in lungs during hyperoxia by liposomal alphalphalpha-tocopherol and retinoids in the experiment
Authors: Kotovich I.L. , Rutkovskaya Zh.A. , Tahanovich A.D.
Published: September 2017

The influence of inhaled liposomes, containing dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and alpha-tocopherol, and liposomes containing dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, retinol and retinoic acid, on parameters of the oxidantantioxidant system in lungs of newborn guinea pigs exposed to hyperoxia during 3 and 14 days has been studied. Administration of both types of liposomes under conditions of prolonged hyperoxia (14 days) results in normalization of glutathione peroxidase activity and prevents elevation of the levels of lipid and protein peroxidation products in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Unlike liposomes with alpha-tocopherol, administration of liposomes containing retinoids did not cause the normalizing effect on the content of nonprotein SH-compounds in the bronchoalveolar fluid and contributed to significant reduction of the alpha-tocopherol level in lung tissues.
Induction of apoptotic endonuclease EndoG with DNA-damaging agents initiates alternative splicing of telomerase catalytic subunit hTERT and inhibition of telomerase activity hTERT in human CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes
Authors: Zhdanov D.D. , Vasina D.A. , Orlova V.S. , Orlova E.V. , Grishin D.V. , Gladilina Yu.A. , Pokrovskaya M.V. , Aleksandrova S.S. , Sokolov N.N.
Published: September 2017

Activity of telomerase catalytic subunit hTERT (human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) can be regulated by alternative splicing of its mRNA. At present time exact mechanism of hTERT splicing is not fully understood. Apoptotic endonuclease EndoG is known to participate this process. EndoG expression is induced by DNA damages. The aim of this work was to investigate the ability of DNA-damaging agents with different mechanism of action to induce EndoG expression and inhibit telomerase activity due to the activation of hTERT alternative splicing in normal activated human CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes. All investigated DNA-damaging agents were able to induce EndoG expression. Cisplatin, a therapeutic compound, producing DNA cross-links induced the highest level of DNA damages and EndoG expression. Incubation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells with cisplatin caused the changes in proportion of hTERT splice variants and inhibition of telomerase activity.
Differences in adrenal steroid hormones production in pubertal rats exposed to low doses of endocrine disruptor DDT during prenatal and postnatal development
Authors: Yaglova N.V. , Tsomartova D.A. , Yaglov V.V.
Published: September 2017

Production of adrenal steroid hormones in pubertal male Wistar rats exposed to low doses of DDT during both prenatal and postnatal and only postnatal development was evaluated. Altered production of all types of steroid hormones and serum steroid profile with opposite changes in rats exposed prenatally and postnatally, and only postnatally was found. The study showed that daily exposure to low doses of DDT enhanced conversion of progesterone to 17OH-progesterone and did not exert selective antiandrogenic or proestrogenic action unlike effect of toxic and subtoxic doses. Impaired morphogenesis of the adrenal cortex and circulatory disorders in zona glomerulosa contributed to reduced aldosterone and sex steroid hormones production.
Use of de novo sequencing for proteins identification
Authors: Skvortsov V.S. , Mikurova A.V. , Rybina A.V.
Published: September 2017

Three de novo sequencing programs (Novor, PEAKS and PepNovo+) have been used for identification of 48 individual human proteins constituting the Universal Proteomics Standard Set 2 (UPS2) (“Sigma-Aldrich”, USA). Experimental data have been obtained by tandem mass spectrometry. The MS/MS was performed using pure UPS2 and UPS2 mixtures with E. coli extract and human plasma samples. Protein detection was based on identification of at least two peptides of 9 residues in length or one peptide containing at least 13 residues. Using these criteria 13 (Novor), 20 (PEAKS) and 11 (PepNovo+) proteins were detected in pure UPS2 sample. Protein identifications in mixed samples were comparable or worse. Better results (by ~20%) were obtained using prediction included high quality identified fragment (TAG) containing at least 7 residues and unidentified additional masses at N- and C-termini (PepNovo+). The latter approach confidently recognized mass-spectrometric artefacts (and probably PTM). Atypical mass changes missed in UNIMOD DB were found (PepNovo+) to be statistically significant at the C-terminus (+23.02, +26.04 and +27.03). Using peptides containing these modifications and milder detection threshold 41 of 48 UPS2 proteins were identified.
Avaliações e pesquisas educacionais internacionais: entrevista com Andreas Schleicher
Authors: Moriconi Gabriela , Bauer Adriana
Published: September 2017

Nesta entrevista, Andreas Schleicher, Diretor de Educação e Assessor Especial em Política Educacional da Secretaria Geral da Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE), comenta sobre o papel da OCDE e, em especial, do Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), no contexto educacional internacional, sua relação com atores da comunidade educacional, bem como os impactos de sua atuação. A entrevista aborda, ainda, aspectos relativos à participação do Brasil em programas e projetos educacionais da OCDE.

Palavras-chave: Avaliação Internacional; Pesquisa Comparada; Pisa; OCDE.

  

International education assessments and surveys: interview with Andreas Schleicher

In this interview, Andreas Schleicher, Director for Education and Sills, and Special Advisor on Education Policy to the Secretary-General at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), comments on the role of the OECD and, in particular, of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), in the international education context, its relationship with actors in the educational community, as well as the impacts of its performance. The interview also addresses aspects related to Brazil’s participation in OECD educational programs and projects.

Keywords: International Assessment; Comparative Research; Pisa; OECD.

  

Evaluaciones e investigaciones educativas internacionales: entrevista con Andreas Schleicher

En esta entrevista, Andreas Schleicher, Director de Educación y Asesor Especial en Política Educacional de la Secretaría General de la Organización para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), comenta sobre el papel de la OCDE y, en especial, del Programa Internacional de Evaluación de Estudiantes (PISA), en el contexto educativo internacional; su relación con actores de la comunidad educacional; así como los impactos de su actuación. La entrevista aborda asimismo aspectos relativos a la participación de Brasil en programas y proyectos educativos de la OCDE.
Palabras-clave: Evaluación Internacional; Investigación Comparada; PISA; OCDE
Usos do nacionalismo na eleição provincial de abril de 2014 no Quebec
Authors: Berg Oscar Augusto , Maia Tatiana Vargas
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal determinar o papel que o nacionalismo exerceu na eleição de 7 abril de 2014 na Província do Quebec, no Canadá. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa documental junto a três jornais quebequenses francófonos, La Presse, Le Devoir e Le Journal de Montréal nos quais identificamos, ao longo da campanha eleitoral, um total de 490 publicações relacionadas à questão nacional quebequense, o que revela a notável atenção recebida por esta temática na cobertura midiática das eleições. A análise destes dados nos permitiu identificar que cada um dos quatro partidos com representação parlamentar adotou pontos de vista diferentes sobre a questão nacional, apresentando visões concorrentes sobre o futuro político do Quebec. Este cenário nos leva a concluir que a relação com o projeto de independência continua a estruturar a política quebequense.
Império, pluralismo e democracia: o pensamento político no Quebec e no Canadá inglês
Authors: Couture Yves , Gomes Janaína Nazzari
Published: September 2017

O texto examina a evolução do pensamento político no Canadá, desde a sua fundação até os dias atuais. Neste exame, três conceitos emergem como fundamentais para a compreensão da experiência canadense, aqueles de império, pluralismo e democracia. Cada Estado organiza sua pluralidade de forma particular. No caso do Canadá, ele se caracteriza pela existência, em seu seio, de sociedades distintas em sua história, sua cultura e seu estatuto político, sejam elas as Primeiras Nações, as sociedades fundadas pelos empreendimentos coloniais franceses e ingleses e os grupos multiculturais oriundos da imigração, entre os quais é possível observar a ocorrência de uma hierarquização, apoiada, entre outros, pelo próprio regimento institucional do Canadá, que assegurou a preponderância do Canadá inglês, sobretudo, no momento da entrada em vigor da Confederação, em 1867. No entanto, assim como as demais sociedades ocidentais, o Canadá vivenciou profundas mudanças desde 1960. O aprofundamento do imaginário democrático deslegitimou o caráter hierárquico. No plano político, pode-se distinguir três fases dessas transformações: de 1960 a 1980, identifica-se uma dinâmica de contestação marcada pelas reivindicações nacionalistas quebequenses; de 1980 a 1995, um período de crise constitucional e; a partir de 1995, um realinhamento das forças políticas, que favoreceu a realização de uma mudança conservadora na política canadense. O pensamento político também passa por fases distintas. Observa-se, inicialmente, um espírito modernizador que assume, às vezes, formas radicais através da integração de perspectivas marxistas e descolonizadoras. A crise constitucional contribuiu, em seguida, para alimentar os debates contemporâneos entre as teorias liberais da justiça, o comunitarismo e o republicanismo. Ao empreendermos uma visada geral, notamos uma mudança pluralista que reflete, no entanto, a emergência de novas figuras de unidade. Historicamente, o pensamento político canadense se desenvolveu amplamente no terreno das difíceis articulações entre unidade, dualidade e múltiplo.
Об основном вопросе философии экономической науки
Authors: Косьмина Елена Анатольевна , Косьмин Анатолий Данилович
Published: September 2017

Рассматривается основной вопрос философии экономической науки, сформулированный А. Смитом, по-разному решаемый в мировом экономическом сообществе в зависимости от конкретно исторических условий, различных внутренних и внешних факторов, временных и пространственных аргументов (политических, социально-психологических, культурных и т. д.). Экономический смысл основного вопроса заключается в эмпирическом «обнаружении» динамической гармонии технологических механизмов рынка и государства, позволяющей оптимизировать управленческие решения, направленные на достижение прогрессивных изменений в жизни социума. Предлагается алгоритм решения поставленной задачи, но реализуемого только при условии наличия статистически значимой эмпирической информации, отражающей основные параметры экономической деятельности предприятий государственного (и муниципального) и частного секторов экономики.
Качество образования с позиции потребителей образовательных услуг вуза
Authors: Ермакова Жанна Анатольевна , Никулина Юлия Николаевна
Published: September 2017

В статье освещены вопросы формирования системы оценки удовлетворенности качеством образования с точки зрения основных потребителей образовательных услуг. Авторами сформулированы и выделены особенности в оценке качества образования с позиции государства, работодателей и студентов.
Приводятся результаты анкетирования выпускников Оренбургского государственного университета в части отдельных аспектов оценки качества полученного образования: выявлены сильные стороны деятельности вуза с позиции выпускников, дана оценка соответствия структуры образовательных программ по направлениям подготовки ожиданиям выпускников и оценка качества обучения респондентами профильным дисциплинам. Авторами систематизированы предложения выпускников по организации и корректировке учебного процесса в образовательной организации.
В заключении статьи определены обобщенные критерии оценки качества образования с точки зрения не только выпускников, но и преподавателей и работодателей. Сформулированы рекомендации по развитию системы оценки качества образования, и предложены перспективные направления деятельности вузов в области подготовки конкурентоспособных специалистов и взаимодействия.
Управление человеческими ресурсами в контексте стратегии развития интеллектуального капитала организации
Authors: Савельченко Ирина Анатольевна , Никифорова Людмила Евгеньевна
Published: September 2017

В статье на основе теории интеллектуального капитала, обеспечивающего создание ключевых компетенций и уникальных конкурентных преимуществ организации, выделены существенные различия между системой управления персоналом и системой управления человеческими ресурсами. Предложен отличный от принятого в международных системах бухгалтерского учета подход к трактовке интеллектуального капитала, базирующийся на знаниевой концепции его формирования, в соответствии с которой процесс генерации знаний в организации и их отчуждения от индивида, трансформация в знания и ключевые компетенции организации обеспечивается структурным, рыночным (социальным) и человеческим компонентами интеллектуального капитала. Обоснованы направления социально-мониторинга, осуществляемого в рамках системы управления человеческими ресурсами, в части учета мотивационной и ролевой модели личности, типа личности, KPI, вовлеченности и лояльности работников и т.д. Такой подход позволит качественно и в короткие сроки формировать команды для решения адхократических задач.
Специфика инновационного развития Индии как одного из новых глобальных геоэкономических лидеров мировой экономики
Authors: Елецкий Алексей Николаевич
Published: September 2017

В статье анализируются особенности современного положения Индии в мировой экономике. Рассматриваются основные высокотехнологичные отрасли, являющиеся драйвером индийской экономики. Подчеркиваются большие успехи страны в инновационном, технологическом и макроэкономическом развитии. Выявляются конкурентные преимущества современной индийской экономики в креативных сферах. Сравниваются количественные параметры развития экономики Индии с ее основными конкурентами. Особое внимание уделяется статусу Индии как глобальному геоэкономическому центру.
Исследование востребованности и перспектив развития промышленного туризма в регионе: взгляд предприятий
Authors: Никулина Юлия Николаевна
Published: September 2017

В современных условиях в рамках развития туризма в целом, его секторов, форм, видов и технологий появляются и распространяются новые туристские реалии, одной из которых является промышленный туризм. Статья посвящена анализу востребованности услуг промышленного туризма и перспектив его развития в регионе с точки зрения предприятий. В основу статьи положены результаты анкетирования ведущих предприятий Оренбургской области, осветивших следующие аспекты: оценку уровня информированности и заинтересованности в развитии промышленного туризма, анализ опыта организации промышленных экскурсий, наличие технических возможностей принятия туристских групп, выявление групп целевой аудитории потребителей услуг промышленного туризма, ожидания предприятий от организации экскурсионных туров, определение основных барьеров в принятии туристов. В результате проведенного исследования были сформулированы выводы относительно структуры рынка промышленного туризма в регионе, определены особенности формирования продукта и системы привлечения и коммуникации с потребителем. На основе полученных результатов автором разработаны основные направления стратегии по развитию промышленного туризма в современных условиях.
Индекс глобальных инноваторов как характеристика использования преимуществ экономики знаний
Authors: Бурденко Елена Викторовна
Published: September 2017

Становление и развитие экономики знаний активно исследуется в мире учеными разных стран. Появление и использование новых знаний проявляется в создании инновационных товаров (услуг), что оказывает свое влияние на структуру экономики. Приоритетное развитие получают инновационные компании. Формируемый рейтинг Топ-100 Глобальных компаний инноваторов позволяет оценить приоритетные направления развития науки и технологий в мире и распределение инновационных компаний по странам и регионам. В статье уделено внимание методологии формирования рейтинга и результатам исследования за 2015-2016 гг. Рассмотрен Национальный рейтинг российских быстрорастущих технологических компаний (ТЕХУСПЕХ) и его результаты за 2016 г. Уделено внимание наиболее активным российским организациям в области патентования изобретений и полезных моделей за 2015-2016 гг.
EFFICACY OF INSECTICIDES AGAINST SPISSISTILUS FESTINUS (SAY),1 EMPOASCA FABAE (HARRIS),2 AND LYGUS LINEOLARIS (PALISOT DE BEAUVOIS)3 IN ALFALFA IN GEORGIA4
Authors: Isenhour David J.
Published: September 2017

Eleven insecticides were evaluated against the threecornered alfalfa hopper, Spissistilus festinus (Say), the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), and the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), in alfalfa. Control of S. festinus was extended to 28 d post-treatment with a single application of cypermethrin applied to the alfalfa stubble. Control of E. fabae was achieved with the majority of the insecticides evaluated, but control of L. lineolaris was more difficult to obtain.
DEVELOPMENT OF WOUND TISSUE IN THE BARK OF FRASER FIR AND ITS RELATION TO INJURY BY THE BALSAM WOOLLY ADELGID1
Authors: Arthur F. H. , Hain F. P.
Published: September 2017

A total of 89 Fraser fir, Abies fraseri Pursh. (Poir.), from seven locations in the southern Appalachians were tested for non-suberized impervious tissue (NIT) at artificial wound sites. All trees except one formed NIT in a time period that was considered normal (3 weeks), with no delays due to tree age, location or presence of balsam woolly adelgid, Adelges piceae (Ratz.). Although most Fraser fir react to adelgid attack by forming “rotholz” (red wood), a number of infested trees showed no visual signs of rotholz formation.
PROTEINS, CARBOHYDRATES AND LIPIDS IN THE LARVAE, PUPAE AND ADULTS OF PECAN WEEVIL, CURCULIO CARYAE HORN
Authors: Thompson A. C. , Sikorowski P. P.
Published: September 2017

Pecan weevil larvae, in the 4th instar, held at 20°C showed a rapid decline in fatty acids, carbohydrates and proteins with time. Regression analysis of the fatty acid data (with time) gave a best fit for a polynomial expression, whereas both protein and carbohydrate fit a logarithmic curve. The larvae at 20°C pupated in an average of 42 days. The average life span of adults fed sucrose water was 82 days.
PERSISTENCE AND TOXICITY OF CHLORPYRIFOS-METHYL IN CORNMEAL1
Authors: Highland Henry A. , Simonaitis Richard A. , Boatright Ronald E.
Published: September 2017

Chlorpyrifos-methyl-treated polymer film produced residues of the insecticide in cornmeal from small bags wrapped in the film for 3 months. Residues increased during 6 - 9 months storage of the bags in the film bundles, but decreased between 9 and 12 months. Residues persisted during 6 to 12 months storage in jars following 3 to 12 months of storage in the treated film bundles. In the cornmeal, the higher residues tested (ca. 9 - 1 6 ppm) remained toxic to adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), for up to 52 weeks.
MOTHPROOFING STUDIES WITH FENVALERATE1
Authors: Bry R. E. , Simonaitis R. A. , Boatright R. E. , Lang J. H.
Published: September 2017

Fenvalerate (cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 4-chloro-α-(l-methylethyl)benzeneacetate) applied to woolen cloth as a pressurized solvent-based formulation protected the cloth against feeding damage by larvae of the black carpet beetle, Attagenus unicolor (Brahm), of the furniture carpet beetle, Anthrenus flavipes LeConte, and of the webbing clothes moth, Tineola bisselliella (Hummel), both initially and after the treatments had aged for 15 months. The fenvalerate treatments that had aged for 6 months were also effective against the adults of the above species of fabric insects.
MICROBIAL CONTROL OF HELIOTHIS SPP. (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IN COTTON: DOSAGE AND MANAGEMENT TRIALS1
Authors: Bell M. R. , Romine C. L.
Published: September 2017

Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.), infested with relatively low populations (untreated range: 0.3 – 0.7 larva/plant) of Heliothis spp. larvae was treated with varying mixtures of the nuclear polyhedrosis viruses from Heliothis zea or Autographa California (dosages: 2.97 and 5.93 × 1011 polyhedral inclusion bodies/ha) and the bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (dosages: 0.14 – 0.56 kg/ha of Thuricide®). The bacterium when mixed with a spray and adjuvant was as effective as a chemical standard in reducing plant damage and low populations of Heliothis. Applying mixtures of the viruses with the bacterium did not increase efficacy. In a commercial 16-ha field, four aerial applications of a microbial mixture of 150 g Elcar® and 560 g Thuricide plus 3.36 kg adjuvant resulted in a ca. 76% viral infection and sufficiently controlled the larval infestation and protected the fruit from damage. The Heliothis population in another 16-ha field was controlled using four applications of chemical insecticides. Natural viral disease prevalence was ca. 3%. Although Heliothis egg numbers ranged from ca. 20 – 80 eggs/100 plants in both fields during the test, boll damage in the microbially treated field was only 0.5% compared to 0.6% in the chemically treated field. Further, yields from both fields were ca. 3 × 103 kg/ha, indicated similar control.
EVIDENCE FOR DIEL ACTIVITY OF OPHION FLAVIDUS BRULLE (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE), A PARASITOID OF THE FALL ARMYWORM1
Authors: Rohlfs W. Mitchell , Mack T. P.
Published: September 2017

The diel activity of Ophion flavidus Brulle (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) was determined by observing the movement of two-day-old mated female parasitoids confined with 4th-instar larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on R4-R5-stage peanut plants. Observations were made for 1-h periods at 0600, 1200, 1830, and 2400 h CST. Fourteen O. flavidus adult females were used in the study. Movement of O. flavidus was greater (P = 0.05) at 0600 and 2400 h than at 1200 or 1830 h. Attacking and/or ovipositing occurred more frequently (P = 0.05) at 0600 and 2400 h than at 1200 or 1830 h.
AN INSECT GROWTH REGULATOR (PRO-DRONE) FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)1,2,3
Authors: Phillips Sherman A. , Claborn David M. , Thorvilson Harlan G.
Published: September 2017

Pro-Drone, an insect growth regulator (IGR) with juvenile hormone activity, was aerially applied twice at the rates of 11.86 g AI/ha in large-scale field trials for control of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. Although Pro-Drone applications produced no significant effect at 3- and 8-months posttreatment, the IGR significantly reduced fire ant infestation after 10 months in southeastern Texas. This product represents the first registered, aerially applied IGR effective against the red imported fire ant.
EFFECT OF A PARASITIC MITE, COCCIPOLIPUS EPILACHNAE, ON FECUNDITY, FOOD CONSUMPTION AND LONGEVITY OF THE MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE1
Authors: Cantwell G. E. , Cantelo W. W. , Cantwell M. A.
Published: September 2017

Comparisons were made between uninfested adult Mexican bean beetles and those infested with the ectoparasitic mite Coccipolipus epilachnae Smiley. No significant differences were found based on longevity, fecundity, or food consumption of beetles fed lima beans and held at 22°C on a 16 hr light - 8 hr dark day.
ADULT CALOSOMA SAYI (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) AS A PREDATOR ON FALL ARMYWORM PUPAE
Authors: Young Orrey P.
Published: September 2017

Pupae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), placed on the soil surface or partially buried under laboratory conditions, were readily consumed by adult Calosoma sayi DeJean. Predation did not occur when pupation in the soil occurred naturally or when pupae were artificially buried in the soil at various depths.
DIEL PERIODICITY AND TRAP BIAS IN STICKY TRAP SAMPLING OF SHARPNOSED LEAFHOPPER1 POPULATIONS2,3
Authors: Meyer John R. , Colvin Sue Ann
Published: September 2017

Sharpnosed leafhoppers, Scaphytopius magdalensis (Provancher), exhibit a diel periodicity characterized by morning and evening peaks of flight activity. Adults are most commonly found on blueberry plants at night; they apparently seek shelter during the day and return to their host plants around dusk. Flight activity during midday and early afternoon is usually correlated with high temperature and low humidity. Most local flight activity occurs from 0 to 50 cm above the soil surface and is significantly affected by bush height.
EFFECTS OF MYCANGIAL FUNGI ON GALLERY CONSTRUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BLUESTAIN IN SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE-INFESTED PINE BOLTS
Authors: Bridges J. Robert , Perry Thelma J.
Published: September 2017

Southern pine beetles, Dentroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, treated to remove their mycangial fungi, were infected with Ceratocystis minor (Hedgcock) Hunt spores and placed in freshly-cut pine bolts. Galleries constructed by beetles without mycangial fungi were significantly shorter and contained significantly more bluestain than galleries constructed by beetles with mycangial fungi. It was concluded that southern pine beetle mycangial fungi limit the distribution of bluestain in southern pine beetle-infested trees. Inhibition of the spread of the bluestain fungus by mycangial fungi may be necessary for optimal beetle development.
PARASITOIDS AND PATHOGENS OF THE SOYBEAN LOOPER, PSEUDOPLUSIA INCLUDENS (WALKER), IN SOUTH GEORGIA SOYBEAN
Authors: Beach R. Mark , Todd James W.
Published: September 2017

Larvae of the soybean looper (SBL), Pseudoplusia includens (Walker), were collected from soybean fields in south Georgia during the 1982, 1983, and 1984 growing seasons. Larvae were reared in the laboratory to determine levels of parasitism and disease incidence. Twelve parasitoid species including one hyperparasitoid were reared from SBL larvae. The three most common parasitoid species were Copidosoma truncatellum (Dalman), Meteorus autographae Muesebeck, and Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson). The most abundant pathogen was the fungus Entomophthora gammae Weiser, but the fungus Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson and a nuclear polyhedrosis virus also were present. Peak SBL densities were 73.5 larvae per rowmeter in 1982, 30.9 in 1983, and 19.8 in 1984. Total mortality of larvae collected from different locales due to parasitism and disease ranged from 36.5 to 77.6% during 1982, from 4.8 to 73.2% during 1983, and from 0 to 93.9% during 1984.
AN INVESTIGATION OF SAMPLING METHODS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF INSECT CUTICULAR HYDROCARBONS
Authors: Brill Jeffrey H. , Bertsch Wolfgang
Published: September 2017

Several sampling methods were examined to determine their efficiency at recovering the cuticular hydrocarbons, including solvent washing, extraction, and dynamic headspace analysis. Hexane proved to be an acceptable solvent for obtaining a representative hydrocarbon sample, but is not a good solvent for quantitative recoveries, unless special measures are taken. This appears to be as a result of both limitations in solubility and kinetic problems. Dynamic headspace analysis using a pyroprobe for thermal desorption of the hydrocarbons proved to be a rapid and quantitative sampling method.
EFFECT OF DEPTH OF HOUSE FLY PUPAE IN POULTRY MANURE ON PARASITISM BY SIX SPECIES OF PTEROMALIDAE (HYMENOPTERA)1
Authors: Rueda L. M. , Axtell R. C.
Published: September 2017

The recoveries of pteromalid parasites from house fly, Musca domestica L., pupae placed in accumulated poultry manure at the surface and at depths of 3, 5, 10 and 15 cm were determined weekly for 10 weeks in two types of caged-layer poultry houses. No parasites were recovered from fly pupae at the 15 cm depth. Muscidifurax raptor Girault and Sanders and Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Rondani) were the first and second most abundant house fly pupal parasites collected on the surface and 3 cm beneath the surface of the poultry manure in narrow and high-rise caged-layer poultry houses. From house fly pupae 5 cm deep, P. vindemiae was rarely recovered while 5 to 12% of the parasites recovered at that depth were M. raptor. Spalangia cameroni Perkins was the most abundant Spalangia species and was recovered mostly from pupae at 5 and 10 cm deep in the manure in both houses. Other, less abundant, Spalangia species (S. endius Walker and S. nigroaenea Curtis) were recovered from fly pupae to a depth of 10 cm beneath the manure surface in both houses. Muscidifurax zaraptor, an introduced species, was released in the narrow caged-layer poultry house, and was recovered from pupae on the surface and 3 cm deep in the manure.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR OF ZETETICONTUS UTILIS (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE), A PARASITE OF CARPOPHILUS SPP. (COLEOPTERA: NITIDULIDAE)1
Authors: Werner J. J. , Williams R. N.
Published: September 2017

Observations on the developmental biology and adult behavior of Zeteticontus utilis, an endoparasite of Carpophilus spp., are presented. Ovarian dissections indicated that females carry 50 - 80 ovoid, stalked eggs at emergence. Eggs in the ovaries measured 0.16 mm by 0.07 mm, and increased in size ca. two-fold within 60 h of deposition. Four larval instars were observed. Pupation occurred approximately eight days after oviposition. Males emerged 21 - 22 days after oviposition, and females after 22 - 24 days. Zeteticontus utilis females were determined to be arrhenotokous, and both sexes engaged in multiple matings. Host odors and movement appeared to play a role in host suitability.
DESCRIPTIONS OF FIRST INSTARS OF TYPE-SPECIES OF THE NOMINAL GENERA OF THREE SUBTRIBES OF THE DIASPIDINI1
Authors: Howell James O. , Beshear Ramona J. , Tippins H. H.
Published: September 2017

The first instars of the type-species of the nominal genera of Howardiina, Rugaspidiotina, and Xerophilaspidina are described and illustrated. The subtribe Xerophilaspidina is probably correctly placed in the Diaspidini based on the first-instar of the type-species of the nominal genus. However, on the same basis, the subtribes Howardiina and Rugaspidiotina may be more closely related to the Lepidosaphidini and Odonaspidina, respectively.
MEASUREMENT OF TERMITE (ISOPTERA: RHINOTERMITIDAE) FEEDING ON PAPER BY VIDEO IMAGE ANALYSIS
Authors: Grace J. Kenneth , Kubo Isao , Lindow Steven E.
Published: September 2017

We describe a method of rapidly measuring the area removed by termites feeding on paper disks by microcomputer controlled video image analysis. The utility of this technique is demonstrated in a short-term (15 day) assay in which Reticulitermes hesperus Banks workers fed on filter paper, on rice paper containing a synthetic binder and on rice papers manufactured with natural starch from Lycoris radiata (Amaryllidaceae). Termites fed least on rice paper containing natural starch washed only with hot water during the manufacturing process. Greatest feeding occurred on rice paper containing the synthetic binder. Video image analysis is an efficient means of measuring termite feeding activity and comparing feeding on thin substrates of equivalent density and thickness.
PENETRATION OF PACKAGING FILMS BY THE COWPEA WEEVIL (COLEOPTERA: BRUCHIDAE)1
Authors: Highland Henry A.
Published: September 2017

Cowpeas infested with the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), were sealed individually in small packets made of various packaging films. Also, other small packages of insect-free cowpeas were subjected to attack by C. maculatus adults placed inside and outside the packages. Packages made of polyurethane, polyester, polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate, saran, or permethrin-treated polypropylene resisted penetration. Thin saran film, polypropylene, paper/polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and cellophane films were penetrated.
EFFECT OF THE HELIOTHIS NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS INFECTION ON FOOD CONSUMPTION BY HELIOTHIS ZEA1,2
Authors: Flusche N. E. , Yearian W. C. , Mueller A. J. , Young S. Y.
Published: September 2017

Frass production by Heliothis zea (Boddie) larvae infected at varying mortality levels with Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) was determined and used to estimate the effect of the virus on larval food consumption. Treatment in the early stages was essential to substantially reduce food consumption. Reduction in food consumption was also directly related to NPV dosage. Food consumption by larvae surviving NPV treatment was not significantly different from the untreated larvae. Field tests indicated that NPV applications must be timed against 1st- or 2nd-stage larvae to achieve an appreciable mortality level and prevent infected larvae from reaching the damaging late developmental stages. Preliminary maximum treatment levels for use of Heliothis NPV for suppression of H. zea on soybean are presented.
THREE METHODS FOR THE IN VITRO CULTURE OF TRICHOGRAMMA PRETIOSUM RILEY
Authors: Xie Zhong-Neng , Nettles William C. , Morrison Richard K. , Irie Ken , Vinson S. Bradleigh
Published: September 2017

Three methods, which are more efficient than previously reported techniques, are described for in vitro production of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley in numbers ranging from a few to thousands. Several antibiotics with concentrations as high as 0.5% were not toxic to the parasitoids, reduced microbial growth, and permitted the successful rearing to the pupal stage of T. pretiosum on artificial diet composed of insect hemolymph, egg yolk, and milk. The likelihood that Trichogramma can be mass produced efficiently in vitro has been significantly increased, but it is essential that the cost and nutritional quality of the artificial diet be significantly improved.
FIELD EVALUATION OF FENITROTHION FOR POST-ATTACK CONTROL OF THE SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE1
Authors: Berisford C. W. , Brady U. E.
Published: September 2017

One and 2% fenitrothion caused high mortality of southern pine beetles, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann within billets removed from infested trees which had been sprayed. Mortality of beetles through 72 hours post-emergence was significantly higher than mortality of those which emerged from billets from lindane-treated trees.

Although lindane is superior to fenitrothion for prevention of SPB attack, fenitrothion was more effective for remedial control.
THE DIURNAL ETHOLOGY OF THE SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG, NEZARA VIRIDULA (L.), IN COWPEAS
Authors: Lockwood Jeffrey A. , Story Richard N.
Published: September 2017

A behavioral catalogue of the adult southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.), was developed from observations taken in a cowpea field. A total of 23 behaviors are described, and the effects of sex, mating status, time of day, height on the plant, and substrate on these behaviors are quantified. Of the seven most common behaviors, which occupied 97% of the total observation time, sex significantly influenced the duration and/or frequency of kicking, rocking, and mating. Mating status significantly affected the frequency of antennal waving and walking. Time of day had a significant effect on the duration and/or frequency of resting, antennal waving, feeding, kicking, and mating. Height on the plant significantly affected the duration and/or frequency of resting, antennal waving, walking, feeding, kicking, rocking, and mating. Substrate significantly influenced the duration and/or frequency of antennal waving, feeding, kicking, and mating. The proportion of time spent basking on the tops of plants decreased significantly from morning to noon and from noon to afternoon.
SUPPRESSION OF PECAN NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS BY CROP OILS
Authors: Wood B. W. , Payne J. A.
Published: September 2017

A single foliar spray treatment to both fields and greenhouse adapted pecan, Carya illinoensis (Wang.) K. Koch, leaves with either 70 sec petroleum oil or peanut, corn, soybean, or sunflower oils (all oils formulated as a stock with 3% Triton-X) suppressed net photosynthesis (Pn) for 1 to 21 days posttreatment. Crop oils were no more detrimental than petroleum oil in causing Pn suppression. Pn physiology of field acclimated foliage was much more resistant to oil induced damage than greenhouse adapted foliage. Triton-X alone did not adversely influence Pn of pecan.
ARYTAINILLA SPARTIOPHILA (FOERSTER) (HOMOPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) ON CYTISUS SCOPARIUS (L.) LINK IN VIRGINIA: FIRST RECORD IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA
Authors: Pfeiffer Douglas G.
Published: September 2017

The psyllid Arytainilla spartiophila (Foerster) was collected from Scotch broom, Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link, at several locations in Virginia. This is the first North American record for this insect outside of the Pacific Coast Area.
EFFECT OF DISTRIBUTION AND DENSITY OF HELIOTHIS ZEA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) EGGS ON SILKING CORN ON THE RATE OF LARVAL ESTABLISHMENT IN THE EAR
Authors: Gross H. R.
Published: September 2017

The effect of distribution and density of corn earworm Heliothis zea (Boddie) eggs on silk stage ‘Pioneer 3192’ dent corn on the resulting rate of larval establishment within the ear was measured. Seven egg placement sites and three egg densities were tested. Eggs from all sites contributed equally to larval establishment within the ear when only two H. zea eggs were placed per site. When four or eight H. zea eggs were placed per site, eggs from silks contributed most larvae that established within the ear. No significant differences in number of H. zea larvae established per ear were found when two, four, or eight eggs were placed on the tassel, top leaf, and stalk. Conversely, a significant density dependency was found when two, four, or eight H. zea eggs were placed on the leaf above the silks, on the silks, and on the leaf below the silks.
IMPACT OF THE RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (HERBST),1 ON SUPPRESSION OF THE ALMOND MOTH, CADRA CAUTELLA (WALKER),2 BY THE PARASITIC WASPS, BRACON HEBETOR SAY3 AND VENTURIA CANESCENS (GRAVENHORST)4
Authors: Press J. W. , Cline L. D. , Flaherty B. R.
Published: September 2017

The effectiveness of two parasitic wasps, Bracon hebetor Say and Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst), in suppressing populations of the almond moth, Cadra cautella (Walker) was tested separately in 44.7 m3 rooms in the presence of large numbers of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Numbers of B. hebetor were decreased while numbers of the almond moth increased in the presence of T. castaneum. Populations of Venturia canescens were unaffected by T. castaneum.
THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL TREATMENTS ON FEEDING DAMAGE OF SOUTHERN CORN BILLBUG (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) TO CORN
Authors: Javid A. M. , All J. N. , Laisa J. S.
Published: September 2017

The feeding damage caused by the southern corn billbug, Sphenophorus callosus (Olivier), to corn seedlings was studied under selected cultural treatments during 1983 - 84. The growth and development of light, medium, and severely damaged seedlings was observed until harvest. Significantly lower feeding damage and higher yields occurred in conventional tillage as compared with no-tillage treatments. Planting time applications of terbufos at 0.2 kg ai/1000 linear m produced significant control of infestations in 1983 when moisture was higher than normal, but not 1984. Mortality of the plants categorized as severely damaged was significantly lower for subsoiling, insecticide, and conventional tillage treatments than for no subsoiling, no insecticide, and no-tillage treatments in 1984.
NEW MALLOPHAGA FROM THE BLACK CURASSOW (GALLIFORMES: CRACIDAE) IN VENEZUELA1
Authors: Price Roger D. , Emerson K. C.
Published: September 2017

The new species Amyrsidea (Cracimenopon) steineri and Oxylipeurus spangleri are described and illustrated for material taken from the Black Curassow, Crax alector, in Venezuela.
CYCLOALKYL AND CYCLOARYL ESTERS OF HYDROXYBENZENEACETIC ACID AS REPELLENTS OF ADULT TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM1 IN THE LABORATORY2
Authors: Halliday W. R. , McGovern T. P. , McDonald L. L.
Published: September 2017

Twenty-two cycloalkane and two aryl esters of mandelic acid (α-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) were tested for repellency against adult confused flour beetles, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. High levels of repellency were found only with the cycloalkane esters. Among these esters, repellency increased as size of the ring increased to the cyclooctyl analog. When the cycloalkyl moiety also contained a straight-chain alkyl group, repellency generally increased over that of the parent cycloalkyl ester. When the alkyl group contained branching at the 1-position, the level of repellency was markedly below that of their straight-chain isomers. The 2-cyclohexylethyl and 3-cyclohexylpropyl mandelates were the most effective repellents in this study with average repellencies of 83.8 and 82.6%, respectively.
SEASONAL INCIDENCE OF METEORUS AUTOGRAPHAE1 ON SOYBEAN LOOPER2 LARVAE ON SOYBEAN IN SOUTH CAROLINA, AND THE INFLUENCE OF HOST DENSITY ON PARASITIZATION3
Authors: Grant J. F. , Shepard M.
Published: September 2017

The seasonal incidence of Meteorus autographae Muesebeck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on larvae of the soybean looper, Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in soybean fields in South Carolina was monitored at two locations during 1981, 1982, and 1983. In most instances, parasitism of soybean looper larvae by M. autographae was detected 7 to 14 days after soybean looper larvae were first found in the fields. During this three-year study, maximum parasitism of soybean looper larvae by M. autographae within a season ranged from 4.6 to 19.8%. In the laboratory, numbers of hosts parasitized per 24 hours by M. autographae increased with each successive increase in host density. At a host density of 40 larvae per 1.75-liter cylindrical container, an average of 26 hosts were parasitized by one M. autographae during 24 hours. Percent parasitism remained about the same (64 – 70%) at all host densities.
AN ABERRANT FEMALE AND POSSIBLE NEW HOST RECORD FOR DASYMUTILLA OCCIDENTALIS (HYMENOPTERA: MUTILLIDAE)
Authors: Manley Donald G.
Published: September 2017

A female Dasymutilla occidentalis occidentalis (Linnaeus) was collected which differed in color from typical females of this species. The female appeared to be freshly emerged, and was collected exiting a burrow of Sphex ichneumoneus ichneumoneus (Linnaeus). This would appear to be a new host record for this species.
FIELD STUDIES OF THREE SPECIES OF APHIDS ON PECAN: AN IMPROVED CAGE FOR COLLECTING HONEYDEW AND GLUCOSE-EQUIVALENTS CONTAINED IN HONEYDEW1
Authors: Tedders W. L. , Wood B. W.
Published: September 2017

Cages were designed for isolating single aphids and for collecting honeydew excreted by aphids. The cages were easy to construct and use and protected the aphids and honeydew from rainfall and predators. The cages did not cause condensation of leaf transpiration within. Glucose-equivalents in honeydew excreted by each instar of Monellia caryella (Fitch), Monelliopsis pecanis Bissell, and Melanocallis caryaefoliae (Davis) were measured. Honeydew of M. caryella contained 9 and 13 times more glucose-equivalents than M. pecanis and M. caryaefoliae, respectively. All instars of each aphid species produced similar levels of sugar; however, successive instars tended to produce slightly more honeydew. Monellia caryella was found to be the most detrimental to the energy reserve of pecan trees, assuming equal numbers of each species.
FEEDING AND DEVELOPMENT OF NABIS ROSEIPENNIS (HEMIPTERA: NABIDAE) ON HELIOTHIS VIRESCENS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) LARVAE1
Authors: Nadgauda Devidas , Pitre Henry N.
Published: September 2017

Feeding, development, and duration of life stages of Nabis roseipennis Reuter, on different size (2, 3, 4, or 5 mm) early instar Heliothis virescens (F.) larvae were studied in the laboratory. Three or 4-mm larvae were optimum for feeding, consumption, and development of nymphs and adults. Nabis roseipennis fed 3 or 4 mm larvae consumed more and survived longer than those fed 2 or 5 mm larvae. Prey size significantly affected the duration of the individual 5 nymphal stages. Nymphs fed 3 or 4 mm larvae developed faster than those fed 2 or 5 mm larvae. Nymphs feeding on 2 mm larvae did not develop to adults. Nymphs and adults can survive and mature satisfactorily for extended periods on small prey, but need larger prey to accelerate development and maintain a high growth potential.
PINK BOLLWORM1 MOTH DISPERSAL IN AND AROUND COTTON, SUGAR BEETS, AND ALFALFA2
Authors: Manley Donald G.
Published: September 2017

Huber oil traps baited with gossyplure were used to compare early season pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), moth catches in beets and nearby cotton, and catches throughout the growing season in alfalfa and cotton. Differences between trap catches in sugar beets and cotton were generally not significant at the 0.05 level. Traps in cotton caught significantly more moths than those in alfalfa during most of the season. Late in the season there were no significant differences between the two groups. Traps placed in nearby non-crop and fallow areas generally caught fewer moths than those in cotton, alfalfa or sugar beets.
A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE SMOKYBROWN COCKROACH (DICTYOPTERA: BLATTIDAE), AN URBAN AND SUBURBAN PEST
Authors: Appel Arthur G. , Rust Michael K.
Published: September 2017

A categorized bibliography of the smokybrown cockroach, Periplaneta fuliginosa (Serville) is presented. Categories include systematics and distribution, biology, physiology, chemical and cultural control, biological control agents, behavior, and mention only.
EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES FOR CONTROL OF STORED-PRODUCT PESTS IN TRANSPORT VEHICLES1
Authors: Halliday W. R. , Morgan N. O. , Kirkpatrick R. L.
Published: September 2017

Thirty-three insecticides were evaluated over a 6 year period for their effectiveness against three species of stored-product insects: the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal; the black carpet beetle, Attagenus unicolor (Brahm); and a warehouse beetle, Trogoderma glabrum (Herbst). The tests were conducted in transport trailer vans or sea-going cargo containers. The insecticides were formulated for application as aerosols or dusts or both. Dusts generally caused greater mortality than aerosols. Pyrethroids were more effective than other classes of insecticides tested. Cyfluthrin and S-cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)- methyl (1 R-cis-3-(l,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate were the most promising pyrethroids. The most effective organophosphate aerosol was O-(3- chloro-l-methyl-1H/-pyrazol-5-yl) O-ethyl O-methyl phosphorothioate. Generally, carbamates had very limited toxicity, as did other miscellaneous insecticides.
LIFE HISTORY STUDIES OF THE TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE, EPITRIX HIRTIPENNIS (MELSHEIMER) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)
Authors: Martin W. Davis , Herzog G. A.
Published: September 2017

The life history of the tobacco flea beetle, Epitrix hirtipennis (Melsheimer) (= Epitrix parvula Fab.) was studied under the controlled conditions of 27 ± 2.8°C, 80 ± 6% and a 14L:10D photophase. Eggs matured in ca. 4 days, the larval stage, including 3 instars, developed in 13 days, prepupal development took 3 days and the pupal stage lasted approximately 5 days. There was a 24 day interval between oviposition and adult emergence. Females laid 3.1 eggs/day with a 13 day period between adult emergence and first oviposition. The mean number of total eggs/female was 138.6 ± 14.7. Female oviposition continued until a few days before death and adult longevity was approximately 70 days. A visual means of distinguishing between male and female beetles was also developed.
YIELD LOSSES TO FIELD CORN FROM FOLIAR FEEDING BY FALL ARMYWORM1 (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)
Authors: Harrison Floyd P. , Harrison Thomas S.
Published: September 2017

During a 3 year period, 1983 - 1985, field experiments were conducted to determine the extent to which fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), reduces yield of dent corn by feeding on foliage of whorl stage plants. Results indicate that whorl feeding reduces grain yield and the degree of yield reduction may be related to plant vigor as affected by rainfall.