bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post‐breeding migration and connectivity of red knots in the Western Atlantic
Authors: Lyons James E. , Winn Bradford , Keyes Timothy , Kalasz Kevin S.
Published: October 2017

Red knots (Calidris canutus rufa) have 3 distinct nonbreeding regions: 1 in the southeastern United States and Caribbean, another on the northeast coast of Brazil in the Maranhão region, and a third along the Patagonian coasts of Chile and Argentina. Effective conservation and recovery of this threatened long‐distance migrant will require knowledge of population structure, migration ecology, and abundance and distribution throughout the annual cycle. We conducted a stopover population and biogeographic assessment of knots at the Altamaha River Delta, Georgia, an important stopover area in the southeastern United States. We estimated stopover population size and stopover duration during post‐breeding migration in 2011 at the Altamaha study area using mark‐resight data, and we inferred nonbreeding regions for this stopover population using stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in feathers, and observations (sightings and captures) during boreal winter from across the hemisphere. With an integrated Bayesian analysis of all these data, we also estimated the number of birds in the southeastern United States and northern Brazil during boreal winter. For mark‐resight analyses in Georgia, we made observations of marked individuals during 14 weeks from early August to early November 2011 and detected 814 individually marked birds. We used the Jolly‐Seber mark‐recapture model and estimated the southbound passage population at approximately 23,400 red knots. In ongoing studies elsewhere, isotope samples were collected from 175 (21%) of the 814 birds detected in our study, and ≥1 sighting or capture record during boreal winter was located in data repositories for 659 birds (81%). Isotopic signatures and boreal winter records indicate that the majority (82–96%) of the birds that stopped at the Altamaha Delta spend the boreal winter in the northern part of the nonbreeding range (southeast USA, Caribbean, and northern Brazil). Knots migrating to the southeastern United States, Caribbean, or Brazil remained on the Altamaha Delta for 42 days, whereas birds migrating to Tierra del Fuego remained only 21 days. Combining our estimate of the Altamaha stopover population size (23,400 birds) and the estimated proportion in the northern nonbreeding region (82–96%), we derived a minimum estimate of the number of knots in the southeastern United States, Caribbean, and northern South America during the boreal winter: approximately 20,800 knots, of which approximately 10,400 knots occupy the southeastern United States and 5,400 occupy Brazil. Our results provide additional evidence that coastal Georgia is an important migration area for red knots, and provide information about population structure and migratory connectivity that will be valuable for conservation planning. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Optothermally Reversible Carbon Nanotube–DNA Supramolecular Hybrid Hydrogels
Authors: Mansukhani Nikhita D. , Guiney Linda M. , Wei Zonghui , Roth Eric W. , Putz Karl W. , Luijten Erik , Hersam Mark C.
Published: October 2017

Supramolecular hydrogels (SMHs) are three‐dimensional constructs wherein the majority of the volume is occupied by water. Since the bonding forces between the components of SMHs are noncovalent, SMH properties are often tunable, stimuli‐responsive, and reversible, which enables applications including triggered drug release, sensing, and tissue engineering. Meanwhile, single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) possess superlative electrical and thermal conductivities, high mechanical strength, and strong optical absorption at near‐infrared wavelengths that have the potential to add unique functionality to SMHs. However, SWCNT‐based SMHs have thus far not realized the potential of the optical properties of SWCNTs to enable reversible response to near‐infrared irradiation. Here, we present a novel SMH architecture comprised solely of DNA and SWCNTs, wherein noncovalent interactions provide structural integrity without compromising the intrinsic properties of SWCNTs. The mechanical properties of these SMHs are readily tuned by varying the relative concentrations of DNA and SWCNTs, which varies the cross‐linking density as shown by molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, the SMH gelation transition is fully reversible and can be triggered by a change in temperature or near‐infrared irradiation. This work explores a new regime for SMHs with potential utility for a range of applications including sensors, actuators, responsive substrates, and 3D printing.
Strategies to diversify natural products for drug discovery
Authors: Li Gang , Lou Hong‐Xiang
Published: October 2017

Natural product libraries contain specialized metabolites derived from plants, animals, and microorganisms that play a pivotal role in drug discovery due to their immense structural diversity and wide variety of biological activities. The strategies to greatly extend natural product scaffolds through available biological and chemical approaches offer unique opportunities to access a new series of natural product analogues, enabling the construction of diverse natural product‐like libraries. The affordability of these structurally diverse molecules has been a crucial step in accelerating drug discovery. This review provides an overview of various approaches to exploit the diversity of compounds for natural product‐based drug development, drawing upon a series of examples to illustrate each strategy.
Breath detection by transcutaneous electromyography of the diaphragm and the Graseby capsule in preterm infants
Authors: de Waal Cornelia G. , Kraaijenga Juliette V. , Hutten Gerard J. , de Jongh Frans H. , van Kaam Anton H.
Published: October 2017

Objective

To compare triggering, breath detection and delay time of the Graseby capsule (GC) and transcutaneous electromyography of the diaphragm (dEMG) in spontaneous breathing preterm infants.

Methods

In this observational study, a 30 minutes respiration measurement was conducted by respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP), the GC, and dEMG in stable preterm infants. Triggering was investigated with an in vitro set‐up using the Infant Flow® SiPAPTM system. The possibility to optimize breath detection was tested by developing new algorithms with the abdominal RIP band (RIPAB) as gold standard. In a subset of breaths, the delay time was calculated between the inspiratory onset in the RIPAB signal and in the GC and dEMG signal.

Results

Fifteen preterm infants with a mean gestational age of 28 ± 2 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1086 ± 317 g were included. In total, 14 773 breaths were analyzed. Based on the GC and dEMG signal, the Infant Flow® SiPAP™ system, respectively, triggered 67.8% and 62.6% of the breaths. Breath detection was improved to 99.9% for the GC and 113.4% for dEMG in new algorithms. In 1492 stable breaths, the median delay time of inspiratory onset detection was +154 ms (IQR +118 to +164) in the GC and −50 ms (IQR −90 to −22) in the dEMG signal.

Conclusion

Breath detection using the GC can be improved by optimizing the algorithm. Transcutaneous dEMG provides similar breath detection but with the advantage of detecting the onset of inspiration earlier than the GC.
Agreeing to disagree: Reconciling conflicting taxonomic views using a logic‐based approach
Authors: Cheng Yi‐Yun , Franz Nico , Schneider Jodi , Yu Shizhuo , Rodenhausen Thomas , Ludäscher Bertram
Published: October 2017

Taxonomy alignment is a way to integrate two or more taxonomies. Semantic interoperability among datasets, information systems and knowledge bases is facilitated by combining the different input taxonomies into merged taxonomies that reconcile apparent differences or conflicts. We show how alignment problems can be solved with a logic‐based region connection calculus (RCC‐5) approach, using five base relations to compare concepts: congruence, inclusion, inverse inclusion, overlap and disjointness. To illustrate this method, we use different geo‐taxonomies, which organize the United States into several, apparently conflicting, geospatial hierarchies. For example, we align TCEN, a taxonomy derived from the Census Bureau's regions map, with TNDC, from the National Diversity Council (NDC), and with TTZ, a taxonomy capturing the U.S. time zones. Using these case studies, we show how this logic‐based approach can reconcile conflicts between taxonomies. We have implemented these case studies with an open source tool called Euler/X which has been applied primarily for solving complex alignment problems in biological classification. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility and broad applicability of this approach to other domains and alignment problems in support of semantic interoperability.
Toward a characterization of digital humanities research collections: A contrastive analysis of technical designs
Authors: Fenlon Katrina
Published: October 2017

Scholarship across disciplines is changing in the face of digital methodologies, novel forms of evidence and new communication technologies. In the humanities, scholars are confronting and often pioneering innovative ways of viewing, reading, interacting with, collecting, interpreting, contextualizing and sharing their sources, including digital primary sources and data derivatives. This paper reports on one piece of a multimodal study that aims to help us characterize an important, still evolving genre of digital scholarship: the thematic research collection. Using a close, systematic analysis of collections' data models and infrastructures, this study considers the questions: How do the technical designs of thematic research collections contribute to their purposes, functions and uses? What do variations in their designs teach us about the genre as a whole? An analysis of the purposes and designs of scholar‐built collections of humanities evidence has implications for the development of digital collections and aggregations generally and the future shapes of digital scholarship and communication.
Effects of a visual representation of search engine results on performance, user experience and effort
Authors: González‐IbáñTez Roberto , Proaño‐Ríos Verónica , Fuenzalida Gary , Martinez‐Ramirez Gonzalo
Published: October 2017

Search engine results have been predominantly displayed as a vertical list of textual items. While this presentation approach has proven effective in well‐known search engines, there are search tasks where users could benefit from other presentation styles. In this study, we compare two approaches to displaying search engine results. The first corresponds to a traditional one (vertical list) with 10 results per page, whereas the second one consists of a visual representation of 400 results displayed at once. We perform this comparison in the context of a recall‐oriented search task where multiple relevance criteria must be satisfied. Our study focuses on the effects of the two representation approaches on performance, user experience and effort. Results from this study suggest that exposing participants to a large number of search results using adequate visual cues helps to reduce visual and physical effort without compromising to a great extent performance and user experience. More importantly, the exposure to a large volume of results does not increase cognitive load, nor worsen affective experience.
F#%@ that noise: SoundCloud as (A‐)social media?
Authors: Hubbles Chris , McDonald David W. , Lee Jin Ha
Published: October 2017

SoundCloud is an audio uploading, streaming and sharing website. The site allows listeners to leave public comments at specific time stamps within a graphical display of an audio file as it plays and offers support for user communication through a publicly viewable reply function. We extracted user comments and conducted a qualitative content analysis in order to characterize and examine participation on the site. Commenting consisted primarily of short, positive comments toward the song or artist and use of the reply function was minimal, though some artists made use of it to communicate with listeners. We speculate that the commenting function is used less as a means toward community‐building or social interaction and more for fostering or indicating shared mutual experiences. Comment design implications are also explored.
Questioning science with science: The evolution of the vaccine safety movement
Authors: Koltai Kolina S. , Fleischmann Kenneth R.
Published: October 2017

This paper sets out to understand the values that motivate vaccine safety advocates who question the safety of vaccines and oppose vaccination mandates. As is generally the case for public scientific controversies, the vaccination debate is inherently asymmetrical. The vast majority of medical researchers advocate for vaccination mandates. While a (smaller) majority of the general public also support vaccination mandates, a vocal and growing minority opposes vaccination mandates. This minority is generally dismissed by most mainstream voices in the scientific literature and the mass media as uninformed and irrational. However, efforts to sway these individuals through public health campaigns have been largely ineffective to date. To understand the factors that motivate individuals within the vaccine safety movement, we conducted interviews with 10 individuals who self‐identify as vaccine safety advocates, asking them about the values and information behaviors that have shaped their skepticism of vaccines. Using thematic analysis, we identified four key themes that reoccurred across these interviews: benevolence toward children, intellectual curiosity about vaccines, skepticism toward scientific elites, and respect for the scientific method. The results of this study can help us to understand how values motivate individuals to take positions outside of the mainstream in public scientific controversies, such as climate change and genetically modified foods. Further, the findings help to demonstrate that enhanced understanding of the values that motivate vaccine safety advocates can help us to create shared dialogues that unite rather than divide factions within the vaccination debate, moving from conflict to consensus.
Assessing the implementation of authentic, client‐facing student projects in user experience (UX) education: Insights from multiple stakeholders
Authors: MacDonald Craig M. , Rozaklis Lillian
Published: October 2017

User experience (UX) is often cited as one of the fastest growing occupations, creating opportunities across nearly every sector for individuals skilled in the application of user‐centered design principles and methods. Many information and library schools have responded to this demand by introducing more UX coursework into their curriculum, but the proliferation of agile software development and lean product design has incentivized organizations to look for experienced individuals for UX roles, even those that are considered entry‐level. As a result, aspiring information professionals face a paradoxical situation in which they are required to have UX experience before they can gain UX experience. This article provides an assessment of one institution's efforts to overcome this experience gap by offering opportunities for students to participate in three types of authentic client‐facing UX projects. Through surveys of students and clients served over four academic years, we provide a set of lessons learned and recommended best practices for incorporating project‐based learning opportunities into UX courses.
Legal information acquisition by the public: The role of personal and environmental factors
Authors: O'Hare Sheila , Erdelez Sanda
Published: October 2017

This paper reports a portion of the results of a 2016 mixed methods study on the acquisition of legal information by members of the public. While information acquisition by health information seekers has been extensively studied, similar studies of legal consumers are almost nonexistent. Even less research has focused on incidental encounters with legal information. Based upon established models of human information behavior, and informed by numerous studies of health information acquisition by consumers, this study examined the relationship of personal, contextual, affective and environmental factors with frequency of legal information acquisition. In one phase of the study, an online survey was administered to 385 adults without formal legal training. Reported frequency of legal information searching and incidental encountering (IE) of legal information were assessed for significant relationships with personal characteristics and environmental factors. Age, income and previous experience with the legal system were associated with greater legal search frequency. Age, race and previous experience with the legal system were associated with greater frequency of legal IE. Exposure to multiple information sources and multiple mass media sources were associated with greater frequency of both legal search and IE. The study was exploratory in nature, but it serves as a first step in assessing civil legal information acquisition by American adults without specialized legal training. It also explicitly ties legal consciousness, and legal access, to information acquisition practices.
Developing young children's technology‐based communication skills using iPads and creation apps: An action study
Authors: Tavernier Monika , Hu Xiao
Published: October 2017

Today's young children are exposed to new information technology and communication practices from early on, but the usage activities they engage in may not help fulfilling their needs in developing technology‐based communication skills. This article presents preliminary findings of an action study with eight children of four to five years old in using one creation app, SeeSaw, to create artifacts to express themselves in ways that suit their personal abilities. A sequence of 11 teacher‐initiated activities guided the children towards the development of age appropriate technology‐based communication skills (TBCS). Digital artifacts produced by the children and videos of learning sessions were collected and analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach. The findings reveal that four‐ to five‐year‐old children acquire TBCS quickly and progressively. They are also able to use their developing TBCS effectively to communicate their experiences, knowledge and ideas using a variety of audio and visual elements. This study contributes to the literature of new learning opportunities in this information environment, with a focus on the user group of young children which has been understudied in information science.
Assessing technologies for information sharing in international research teams: Developing an intercultural heuristic evaluation tool
Authors: Ward Wesley S. , Given Lisa M.
Published: October 2017

Collaborative research teams working in developing countries rely on information and computer technologies (ICTs), both hardware and software, to overcome barriers to information sharing including, language, distance, time, economic development and politics. However, studies have shown impediments to information sharing between team members from different cultures, nations and institutions. This paper reports on a study in which a model was developed to highlight the most important barriers for communication and information sharing in international research teams, which was the basis for the development of a heuristic evaluation tool. The communication model was created using the results of 30 semi‐structured interviews with agricultural scientists working in international research teams based in Australia and Lao People's Democratic Republic. Interview data outline a number of barriers and facilitators for team communication, which informed the development of eight intercultural heuristics. These were combined with Jakob Nielsen's general usability heuristics to form the intercultural heuristic evaluation tool, or I‐CHET. The tool was then tested in a pilot study to assess the utility and usability of two ICTs used by international research teams: email and Skype. The initial assessment using I‐CHET showed that while email theoretically lacked the richness of cues seen in Skype, email better complied with the needs of international research groups for sharing information and communicating in multicultural teams dispersed over language, cultural and geographic divides.
Two views of the data documentation initiative: Stakeholders, collaboration and metadata standards creation
Authors: Williams Rachel D. , Shankar Kalpana , Eschenfelder Kristin R.
Published: October 2017

This paper uses boundary work theory (Gieryn, 1983, among others) to analyze the differences in organizational participation in the creation and maintenance of the Data Documentation Initiative (DDI) standard. The Data Documentation Initiative is a global consensus standard created to describe social science research data. Specifically, the paper addresses how two key social science data archives (SSDA) – the Interuniversity Consortium of Political and Social Research (ICPSR) and the United Kingdom Data Archive (UKDA) – mobilized their differences as resources to create DDI. This paper describes the collaborative activities of the two organizations. It also analyzes how those differences in collaboration resulted in boundary or “juncture” activities and the role those activities played in organizational maintenance. Our study compares how one organization, ICPSR, engaged in translating and aligning activities related to the development of the standard, while the other data archive, UKDA, engaged in decentering activities. The paper uses this case of standards work to reflect on the role of boundaries as resources for organizational resilience over the long‐term.
Role of communication in data reuse
Authors: Yoon Ayoung
Published: October 2017

In acknowledging the potentials of existing data, researchers' interests in sharing and reusing data have recently emerged. However, sharing and reusing data is not a simple one‐step process for researchers. Because data reusers build their work on other researchers' findings, the process of data reuse involves various interactions and communications with other relevant parties. Exploring the nature of communications around data is thus important to fully understand data reuse practices and to support smoother processes of data reuse. This study investigates communications occurring around data during data reusers' experiences through qualitative interview studies involving this group. This study's results show that the communications with different stakeholders mainly support data reuse in three areas: searching, learning, and problem solving. The findings provide valuable insights into the domain of scholarly communication, data reuse, and data services.
Web search selection criteria of foreign‐language searchers
Authors: Ondego Victor K. , Komlodi Anita
Published: October 2017

Searchers today are often faced with searching in a language that is not their native language. Searching in a foreign language will necessarily differ from searching in a native language. In this paper we examine one step of the foreign‐language searching process: selection decisions about web search results. We report the results of an analysis of participant statements about why a certain web result was selected by 15 Hungarian and 15 Chinese native language speakers who searched in English. Our results confirm selection criteria from the literature and identify new selection criteria that foreign‐language searchers pay attention to when selecting search results.
Information literacy in an era of information uncertainty
Authors: Aharony Noa , Limberg Louise , Julien Heidi , Albright Kendra , Fourie Ina , Bronstein Jenny
Published: October 2017

Recently, in the election that took place in the United States, we have heard a lot about “fake news” and its influence. The discourse regarding “fake news” and “alternative facts” points to the importance of information literacy, a set of skills that enables people to seek, evaluate and use information in an effective way. The objective of this panel is to bring together experts from different countries to discuss how they perceive the future of information literacy (IL). The question that arises is will IL be the sole focus of librarians, information professionals and educators, or will it be regarded as a lifelong learning skill that affects different aspects of our everyday life such as health, workplace and even culture? The session will begin with a short overview of the recent literature on this issue, followed by the panellists' findings and examples of research projects, as well as their insights about new approaches in the area of IL. The panel will conclude with an engaging discussion with the audience to identify future trends in IL.
Incorporating Values Sensitive Design into Crowdsourcing Methodologies for Knowledge Collaboration
Authors: Chen Annie T. , Kaplan Samantha J. , Lach Pamella , Xiao Lu
Published: October 2017

In recent years, we have seen a dramatic increase in crowdsourcing approaches to solve problems and engage in other types of knowledge work in many domains, including genetics, health, cultural heritage, digital preservation and design. Crowdsourcing initiatives offer many potential benefits, including engaging individuals of diverse backgrounds in collaborative meaning‐making and production. And yet, the potential challenges and dangers, such as issues related to quality and false confidence, can hardly escape our attention. This panel will explore how human‐centered approaches to crowdsourcing can help minimize its challenges. In particular, this panel will ask how we implement crowdsourcing methods, what our outcomes should be, and how we should go about developing and defining our outcomes in relationship to the workers. The first half of the session will be devoted to an introduction to crowdsourcing initiatives and associated critical issues. Each presentation will drill progressively deeper into the mechanisms and implications of crowdsourcing. In the second half of the session, we invite session attendees to engage with us in a collaborative activity employing techniques from the value sensitive design approach to design crowdsourcing initiatives that are sensitive to the communities with whom we engage and thereby endeavor to realize humanistic goals. It is our hope that the panel session will result in new collaborations and spark the development of more thoughtful, reflexive and productive crowdsourcing activities.
How international is your LIS/IS program in the global higher education era?
Authors: Chen Hsin‐liang , Aparac‐Jelušić Tatjana , Fourie Ina , Hirsh Sandra , Huang Ruhua
Published: October 2017

Internationalization is a critical issue in LIS/IS education and the LIS/IS profession. This panel assembles educators from various continents to discover their experiences and to address the following issues: International students should comprise what percentage of a student body in order to adequately represent the spectrum of disciplines that are critical to contemporary LIS/IS schools?

International faculty members should comprise what percentage of a faculty in order to adequately represent the spectrum of disciplines that are critical to contemporary LIS/IS schools?

How international must a curriculum be in order to adequately prepare graduates for the challenges of the rapidly changing information environment of the future?

How do our panelists build beneficial partnerships with international professional stakeholders? How do our panelists ensure the quality of LIS education from an international perspective?
Digital liaisons virtual uncommons: Connecting information and people in order to enhance lives via digital librarianship
Authors: Cunningham Chris , Dressler Virginia , Grguric Ekatarina , Gamble Alyson , Khan Nushrat
Published: October 2017

Digital librarianship is a rich space in which new practitioners often find their feet on the job, picking up needed skill sets and adapting to new technologies on the fly. Creating a space for peer information sharing and mentorship is particularly important for this community. Virtual chat sessions and unconferences are two innovative ways to connect established practitioners with less experienced students and professionals in supportive, collaborative environments. By combining these two formats, it is possible to create a more inclusive space for mentorship and peer information sharing. We propose hosting a virtual uncommons that transcends geographical locations and other physical barriers. The digital liaisons virtual uncommons (DLVU) will feature leaders in digital libraries who will act in a mentoring capacity by responding to questions posed by new information professionals throughout a series of virtual chat sessions and an in‐person unconference session. In the DLVU, students and early career professionals will be able to connect with peers and mentors in the field of digital librarianship. The virtual uncommons will be a space for informal mentoring and serendipitous networking. This session will be composed of a series of Twitter chats under the hashtag #SIGDLchats and a reflective panel structured as an attendee driven unconference in which panelists serve as moderators.
Teaching information science and technology to the world? Practices, challenges and visions
Authors: Hu Xiao , Yu Bei , Alman Sue , Renear Allen H. , Carbo Toni
Published: October 2017

Information science and technology (IST) has made unprecedented impacts on society. Teaching IST should by no means be limited within the boundary of the discipline. Based on their experiences in teaching IST in various levels, speakers in this panel will reflect the past, share current practices and envision the future of teaching IST to the world. Collectively we aim to stimulate further discussions on increasing the impact of the field through education.
Making a case for open research: Implications for reproducibility and transparency
Authors: Sandy Heather Moulaison , Mitchell Erik , Corrado Edward M. , Budd John , West Jevin D. , Bossaller Jenny , VanScoy Amy
Published: October 2017

Scientific work is time‐consuming and expensive. However, after data has been collected and reports have been written, science becomes an information problem. There are thousands of journals and funding agencies across specialized disciplines with different requirements for data transparency. Science‐focused domains substantiate research findings through defined research methods and data analysis techniques, and emerging practices around data storage and code publishing now allow other scientists to see exactly how researchers come to their conclusions. These new practices not only increase transparency of the scientific process, they also enable replication and derivative research. Despite these emerging practices, the work of research transparency does not always easily enable reproducibility.

At face value, the requirements (e.g., America COMPETES Act; G8 Open Data Charter, etc.) for data sharing seem straightforward: a scientist receives funding and therefore is required to share her data with other scientists. However, the physical sciences and social sciences produce different kinds of data that are more or less easily stored. Additionally, in some cases, researchers can (and should) put restrictions on who can view their data, because of ethical concerns.

This panel will begin with current reasons for and methods of sharing data, including national and global initiatives, then will move into problems with open data, sharing data and reproducibility in both quantitative and qualitative research.
From sensors to sense‐making: Opportunities and challenges for information science
Authors: Singh Vivek K. , Shah Chirag , Gwizdka Jacek , Joho Hideo , Gurrin Cathal
Published: October 2017

With the growth in sensing devices, data logging capabilities and multi‐sensory presentation interfaces, it has been argued that the future of documents is “multisensory, pervasive, and immersive,” and building an agenda around these themes is critical for future information science research. Hence, in this panel, we bring together an international group of researchers actively engaged in research at the intersection of sensors and information science. The panel will discuss the new research opportunities and challenges afforded by the use of different kinds of sensors (e.g., fitness trackers, phones, cameras, fMRIs) for information science research. The panel aims to raise awareness and catalyze a strong research activity on sensor‐enriched information science, which is expected to have multiple implications for human information behavior, health informatics, neuro‐information science, data science, social informatics and computational social science.
Wearable devices: Information privacy, policy and user behavior
Authors: Taylor Natalie Greene , Hagen Loni , Dincelli Ersin , Unsworth Kristene
Published: October 2017

As wearable devices continue to rise in popularity and become more embedded in our lives, there is a growing need for better information privacy policies protecting users' privacy and education raising users' awareness for such privacy‐invasive technologies. This panel is an exploration of the interplay between privacy policies and user behavior. The panel will address (1) current privacy policies for wearable devices, (2) how users' perceptions of privacy affects their responses to these policies and use of wearable devices and (3) the potential gaps in users' understanding of how their personal information from such devices is collected, transmitted and stored for undefined future use. Panelists will discuss these concepts from the perspectives of law, psychology, information systems and digital literacy. This panel is intended to be interactive and will encourage the audience to discuss their own understandings of information privacy in the context of wearable devices. The panel aims to contribute in developing information science‐specific approaches to wearable device privacy policy and education and in making suggestions for future research.
Using virtual reality to counter extremism
Authors: Afzal Waseem , Hagan Andrew
Published: October 2017

Extremism presents a significant danger to safe and healthy environment of communities. In recent times, some extremist groups are treacherously using informational content to influence public perception. More seriously, these groups are targeting youth using religiously significant terms described with distorted interpretations. The discourse of these groups presents a romanticized view of destruction, trivializes loss of life and breeds hatred to anyone adhering to a different set of values. These extremist groups pose three important risks to communities: (1) influencing public perception and gaining silent sympathizers, (2) creating a sense of us versus them which then leads to discord and identity conflicts and (3) radicalizing and/or recruiting youth. This research presents a digital prototype developed in a 3D‐environment, based on research concerning informational and affective properties of extremists' content, with an objective to educate youth against extremism.
Information behavior in the technology transfer process
Authors: Allard Grant , Allard Suzie
Published: October 2017

Technology transfer is a vital part of knowledge creation. It is the “process of transferring scientific findings from one organization to another for the purpose of further development and commercialization” (AUTM, 2016). Technology transfer enhances society by allowing universities and national laboratories to contribute to economic development. This visual presentation presents a brief history of information science's study of technology transfer and introduces the Technology Transfer Information Intermediary (T2I2) Model. The T2I2 provides a framework for identifying and understanding information behavior related to technology transfer. The poster also includes a mechanism to dialog with the researchers.
Human dimensions of peer review in information science
Authors: Dali Keren , Jaeger Paul T. , Lee Lilith
Published: October 2017

While peer review is a popular research subject in academia, including information science, most sources focus on the mechanics, benefits and shortcomings of the process. In departure from this trend, this poster will address the human dimension of peer review and its role as a community building instrument and a locus of relationship formation. The poster will look at how “negligent and unscrupulous reviewing can detrimentally affect” “a sense of community” (Dali & Jaeger, n.d.) and support this argument through a new analytical framework based on humanistic pedagogy. It will address the role of peer review in the changed information science landscape; present a positive outlook on peer review “as a privilege and an unmatched academic opportunity”; “examine in detail the elements of helpful and unhelpful reviews”; and provide “advice to authors on how to respond to reviews, especially the unhelpful ones” (Dali & Jaeger, n.d.). The poster should appeal not only to junior faculty and PhD students, but also to practitioners who aspire to publish and experienced authors involved in scholarly communication and grant reviewing.
Connecting people with their communities through proximity‐based digital storytelling
Authors: Detlor Brian , Nosrati Fariba , Crippa Claudia
Published: October 2017

This visual presentation describes the results of a library‐led initiative involving the use of iBeacon proximity‐based technologies to connect people with their communities. The two libraries involved in this initiative developed and tested an app that pushed community‐based digital stories to users' smartphones and tablets when users were physically near a historic or cultural object (e.g., statue, landmark) about which the digital story was based. Using proximity‐based technologies to deliver stories about cultural and historic objects of interest to a community was thought to be a novel and engaging way to rally emotional connection and pride in one's own community. To test this hypothesis, as well as the viability of using iBeacon technology as a storytelling delivery mechanism, a pilot study was conducted with 50 participants from the general public at the two libraries involved in the initiative. Participants used the app to browse and read stories pertaining to a prominent park in the city. Posters with pictures of historic or cultural objects within the park were installed throughout each library. Each poster was enabled with iBeacon technology so that digital stories about the historic or cultural object displayed on the poster were automatically pushed to participants' smart devices as participants became near. To collect data on users' experiences and satisfaction with the app and the digital stories, on‐the‐spot interviews were conducted with participants after they finished visiting the posters and reading the digital stories. Interview data were analyzed using content data analysis techniques. A Likert‐scaled questionnaire was also administered; this data was analyzed using factor analysis and hierarchical regression. Results suggest that proximity‐based digital storytelling is a viable approach to connect people with their communities, especially if the stories provide people with relevant, timely, location‐based community information that stirs a positive emotional response.
Film content analysis on FIAF cataloguing rules and CEN metadata standards
Authors: Domínguez‐Delgado Rubén , López Hernández María‐Ángeles
Published: October 2017

Cataloguing manuals published by the International Federation of Film Archives (FIAF) and the film metadata standards EN 15744 and EN 15907 have proven to be really useful for film archives in the process of film cataloguing. However, beyond the technical or formal aspects of films contemplated on these rules, there are some important aspects about the film content analysis which have not been taken into consideration.

We are showing with examples and analyzing all the references to the important task of content analysis on the historical evolution of these standards for film archives, discussing about the possibilities of adoption of more film content fields on them, what would suppose better possibilities of retrieval of film information by the users of film archives, adapting to their needs and to the new era.
Using cognitive dissonance theory to understand privacy behavior
Authors: Ghosh Isha , Singh Vivek
Published: October 2017

While individuals are keen to take advantage of the rewards (e.g., discounts) associated with using location‐based apps on smartphones, they also express concern over location information being disclosed. This imbalance between expressed attitudes and demonstrated behavior has been termed the “privacy paradox.” Current literature examines this phenomenon based on users' interactions with e‐commerce systems; however, given the sensitive nature of location information generated from smartphones, gaining an understanding of this phenomenon as it is demonstrated in daily smartphone usage is important. Based on information gathered from qualitative interviews, we find that evaluation of benefits associated with disclosure do not play as strong a role in motivating disclosure as has previously been suggested. Instead we find that using a behavior‐based approach rather than an investigation of attitudes governing disclosure provides newer insights and a more granular understanding of the privacy paradox. This nuanced understanding can be used to design apps more suited to user privacy needs as well as have implications for further research concerning this phenomenon.
NEURONE: oNlinE inqUiRy experimentatiON systEm
Authors: González‐Ibáñez Roberto , Gacitúa Daniel , Sormunen Eero , Kiili Carita
Published: October 2017

In this poster we introduce NEURONE, an open source web‐based system for assessing online inquiry competences (OIC). NEURONE is a fully customizable solution that can be adapted to different research conditions through eight modules and a set of tools. To date, NEURONE has been successfully used to implement, deploy and run an online assessment contextualized in a pretest‐posttest study design, in which nearly 1400 sessions were conducted with 350 elementary school students in their early adolescence.
Seeking ways to our transgender bodies, by ourselves: Rationalizing transgender‐specific health information behaviors
Authors: Hawkins Blake , Gieseking Jen Jack
Published: October 2017

Transgender people have typically been pooled in studies on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) health information behavior. We, however, argue that transgender people have unique health needs and context that differ from LGBQ people. To demonstrate our argument, we are using the transitioning process from male‐to‐female or female‐to‐male as a case study. We are using data currently being analyzed from Tumblr to demonstrate how their process of seeking health information differs from LGBQ and highlights why information science needs to better understand this population and their information needs.
Case studies on open innovation in libraries
Authors: Henkel Maria , Ilhan Aylin , Mainka Agnes , Stock Wolfgang G.
Published: October 2017

Open innovation (sometimes also called design thinking, user participation or co‐creation) means the participation of an institution's stakeholders (customers, suppliers, competitors, etc.) in its innovation processes. Concerning libraries, open innovation integrates the views of users (as customers), software houses or design companies (as suppliers) as well as other libraries (as competitors) into the development strategy of a library. Innovation processes include information inflows (application of external knowledge in the innovating library) and information outflows (dissemination of internal knowledge for reuse in other institutions). Innovations happen on a large scale (for instance, planning new library buildings) as well as on a small scale (e.g., modifying an existing library service). The poster will present the open innovation framework, methods used, results of a questionnaire and will introduce paradigmatic case studies of open innovation in libraries. In addition, we will use the poster to invite conference attendees to share their own experiences and opinions.
Linking scholarly literature to research data and software ‐ lessons learned in astronomy
Authors: Henneken Edwin A.
Published: October 2017

Publishing articles in scholarly journals is essential to furthering science. However, it is only one stage in the research cycle; one of the later stages, actually. After formulating a research goal, typically one or more proposals are written. When accepted, data is gathered, processed and compared to existing data and literature. Software plays an essential role in the data processing and comparison process. Often, before articles are published, papers and posters are presented at conferences. In short, there is a plethora of “products” associated with the entire research lifecycle. An essential ingredient in this cycle is the ability to find literature and associated products that were used to create it. Reproducibility of and the ability to add to existing results should be the norm, not the exception, for robust scientific research. Discoverability of data products and software needs an infrastructure and a culture. Astronomy has a long tradition of sharing data, but there is still a lot of work to do. Having this infrastructure will not only support discoverability, it will also enable measurement of impact and proper attribution. Both elements will help in getting funding for future research, which completes the cycle.
Exploiting graph‐based data to realize new functionalities for scholar‐built worksets
Authors: Jett Jacob , Cole Timothy W. , Downie J. Stephen
Published: October 2017

In this poster, we describe how the HathiTrust Research Center (HTRC) is developing a graph‐based approach to representing scholar‐built worksets in the HTRC's research workflows. The use of named graphs to express relationships among worksets, workset items (volumes and pages) and relevant external resources and to manage ownership, version control and access to worksets aligns well with HTRC's non‐consumptive research architecture. In addition to managing scholars' research collections, HTRC workset graphs also provide a means to link individual workset items to descriptive metadata and allows scholars to annotate their worksets and the items in them.
Perceived usefulness of social media features/elements: Effects of coping style, purpose and system
Authors: Kim Kyung‐Sun , Sin Sei‐Ching Joanna
Published: October 2017

Drawing from coping and uses and gratifications theories, the study investigates how individuals' coping style, purposes and features/elements of social media interact and influence the perceived usefulness of social media elements. Over 1,000 undergraduate students in the United States participated in the study. Data are collected through an online survey. Findings and implications are discussed.
Does collaboration bring high‐impact studies? A preliminary study
Authors: Lu Chao , Bu Yi , Zhang Chenwei , Ding Ying , Torvik Vetle I. , Zhang Chengzhi
Published: October 2017

Team formation becomes important when scientific collaborations become common and important to scholars. This study initially tries to understand how research team size may influence the impact of a study measured by number of citations. Thus, publications in the biology domain are specifically investigated by correlation analysis between team size and scientific impact. The weak correlation suggests that larger team size can positively increase the impact of scientific publications on average; however, it cannot literally bring more highly cited articles.