bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VoI-based Situation-Aware Routing Protocol for Non-linear Underwater Communication Networks
Authors: Saleem Kiran , Wang Lei , Ahmed Rana Zeeshan , Gadekallu Thippa Reddy , Almadhor Ahmad , Li Yang
Published: January 2025

One of the main challenges for underwater applications, such as environmental monitoring and disaster management, is achieving efficient data transmission in environments where conditions change rapidly, and resources need for data transport are scarce. The capability of evaluating the Value of information (VoI) enables us to assess these problems by proposing a Value of Information-based Situation-Aware Non-Linear Routing (VoI SANLR/VoI SANL) method. It aims to deal with critical event scenarios using BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) logic criteria and prioritizing the timely uploading of data-driven information towards the destination. SANLR of VoI is developed to reduce energy consumption, end-to-end latency, jitter, and improve Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) in underwater communication networks. VoI SANLR introduces principles of priority-based methods and intends to address challenges in terms of underwater environment such as varying channel conditions, lack energy resources, and real-time decision requirements by using SANLR. Energy optimization analysis reveals consistent outperformance, achieving a remarkable 95% reduction in energy consumption compared to other techniques. Low latency is maintained, ranging from 2.5 to 0.5 seconds, showcasing enhanced efficiency and scalability. VoI SANLR demonstrates exceptional performance in both throughput and jitter. It achieves the highest data transfer rates, ranging from 100 kbps to 110 kbps, indicating outstanding efficiency. Additionally, the jitter remains consistently low, between 1.8 ms and 2 ms, ensuring minimal delay variability and improved communication stability. PDR consistently surpasses other techniques, reaching a maximum of 99%. Additionally, network lifetime analysis demonstrates VoI SANLR's superiority, exhibiting the highest network lifetime at each node and a significant 31.25% improvement at Node 100 compared to other methods.
Mechanisms for DNA Interplay in Eukaryotic Transcription Factors
Authors: Muñoz Victor , Goluguri Rama Reddy , Ghosh Catherine , Tanielian Benjamin , Sadqi Mourad
Published: January 2025

Like their prokaryotic counterparts, eukaryotic transcription factors must recognize specific DNA sites, search for them efficiently, and bind to them to help recruit or block the transcription machinery. For eukaryotic factors, however, the genetic signals are extremely complex and scattered over vast, multichromosome genomes, while the DNA interplay occurs in a varying landscape defined by chromatin remodeling events and epigenetic modifications. Eukaryotic factors are rich in intrinsically disordered regions and are also distinct in their recognition of short DNA motifs and utilization of open DNA interaction interfaces as ways to gain access to DNA on nucleosomes. Recent findings are revealing the profound, unforeseen implications of such characteristics for the mechanisms of DNA interplay. In this review we discuss these implications and how they are shaping the eukaryotic transcription control paradigm into one of promiscuous signal recognition, highly dynamic interactions, heterogeneous DNA scanning, and multiprong conformational control.
Moral Injury: An Overview of Conceptual, Definitional, Assessment, and Treatment Issues
Authors: Litz Brett T. , Walker Hannah E.
Published: January 2025

Moral injury (MI) is a potential clinical problem characterized by functionally impairing moral emotions, beliefs, and behaviors as well as adverse beliefs about personal or collective humanity and life's meaning and purpose. MI can arise from personal transgressive acts or from being a victim of or bearing witness to others’ inhumanity. Despite widespread interest in MI, until recently, there was no reliable measure of MI as an outcome, and prior research has revealed little about its causes, consequences, and intervention approaches. This review provides background information on the history of MI, defines key terms, and critically reviews assessment tools. Additionally, we describe a social-functional theory of the etiology of MI and a social-functional rehabilitation approach to treatment. This treatment approach, which can be used by any clinician regardless of clinical context, employs cross-cutting change agents to promote lasting corrective and humanizing prosocial experiences, enhancing belonging through valued actions and relationships.
Does Nothing Stop a Bullet Like a Job? The Effects of Income on Crime
Authors: Ludwig Jens , Schnepel Kevin
Published: January 2025

Do jobs and income-transfer programs affect crime? The answer depends on why one is asking the question, which shapes what one means by “crime.” Many studies focus on understanding why overall crime rates vary across people, places, and time; because 80% of all crimes are property offenses, that is what this type of research typically explains. But if the goal is to understand what to do about the crime problem, the focus should instead be on serious violent crimes, which the best available estimates suggest seem to account for the majority of the social costs of crime. The best available evidence suggests that policies that reduce economic desperation reduce property crime (and, hence, overall crime rates) but have little systematic relationship to violent crime. The difference in impacts arguably stems in large part from the fact that most violent crimes, including murder, are not crimes of profit but rather crimes of passion, including rage. Policies to alleviate material hardship, as important and useful as those are for improving people's lives and well-being, are not by themselves sufficient to also substantially alleviate the burden of violent crime on society.
Rural Criminology: Unveiling Its Importance and the Path Forward
Authors: Ceccato Vania
Published: January 2025

The article conducts a comprehensive analysis of literature spanning four decades (1980–2023) sourced from databases such as Scopus, JSTOR, and ScienceDirect. It critically examines the evolution and theoretical underpinnings of rural criminology, emphasizing its significance and illustrating key research themes within the field. Despite the domination of North American, Australian, and British scholarship, rural criminology has seen considerable growth and emerged as a dynamic and extensive field of study, engaging scholars from many countries worldwide from various disciplines. Studies show that although areas across the rural–urban continuum often exhibit lower crime rates in contrast to cities, they encounter distinctive safety challenges shaped by their inherited characteristics and the uneven impact of globalization. Misconceptions regarding rural life can conceal the actual occurrence of crime and violence, including acts against marginalized groups, the environment, and wildlife, making crime prevention initiatives a challenge.
Control Principles of Neural Dynamics Revealed by the Neurobiology of Timing
Authors: Stine Gabriel M. , Jazayeri Mehrdad
Published: January 2025

Cognition unfolds dynamically over flexible timescales. A major goal of the field is to understand the computational and neurobiological principles that enable this flexibility. Here, we argue that the neurobiology of timing provides a platform for tackling these questions. We begin with an overview of proposed coding schemes for the representation of elapsed time, highlighting their computational properties. We then leverage the one-dimensional and unidirectional nature of time to highlight common principles across these coding schemes. These principles facilitate a precise formulation of questions related to the flexible control, variability, and calibration of neural dynamics. We review recent work that demonstrates how dynamical systems analysis of thalamocortical population activity in timing tasks has provided fundamental insights into how the brain calibrates and flexibly controls neural dynamics. We conclude with speculations about the architectural biases and neural substrates that support the control and calibration of neural dynamics more generally.
Acid Pre-Treatment of Graphite Electrodes: An Alternative to Enhance the Sensing Performance of Benzenediol Isomers
Authors: da Silva Camila Cristina , Moreto Jéferson Aparecido , da Silva Pereira Jian Felipe , Resende Mayra Cristina Santos , de Siervo Abner , Nossol Edson , Gelamo Rogério Valentim , Munoz Rodrigo Alejandro Abarza
Published: January 2025

Electroanalytical techniques offer several advantages: low cost, portability, and high analysis frequency. These benefits can be further enhanced by replacing standard electrodes (boron-doped diamond, glassy carbon, gold, platinum, etc.) with abundant, low-cost carbon materials. Pyrolytic Graphite Sheet (GS) electrodes have recently emerged as a reliable alternative, providing good stability, sensitivity, and mechanical strength. Their performance can be improved with acidic treatments. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy images revealed irregular patterns on the edges of acid-treated GS, consistent with Raman spectra, which showed changes in the ID/IG ratio, indicating more structural defects. The acidic treatment also increased the electroactive area of GS electrodes and oxygen-containing functional groups, as observed by XPS, leading to enhanced signal currents. Additionally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed a decrease in charge transfer resistance. Treated electrodes exhibited lower detection limits for catechol (0.58 μmol l−1) and resorcinol (0.16 μmol l−1) compared to untreated GS electrodes. The presence of potential interferents, such as KCl, NaCl, glucose, ascorbic acid, ibuprofen, paracetamol, and uric acid, did not affect the detection of catechol and resorcinol. Recovery values for spiked water samples ranged from 80% to 109%, confirming the accuracy of the proposed analytical method.
Assessment of the Association Between Neuraxial Anesthesia and Back Pain After Delivery: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Timerga Sara , Walle Getaw , Mebratu Wondwosen , Befkadu Aynalem
Published: January 2025

Background: Back pain after delivery both under cesarean section and spontaneous vaginal delivery is the most common pregnancy‐related musculoskeletal problem. There are multiple studies that emphasize the effect of epidural anesthesia and spinal anesthesia on the incidence and severity of postdelivery back pain. There are others stating no association between the two.

Objective: The aim of this study is to summarize the relationship between back pain after delivery and neuraxial anesthesia.

Methods: Studies identified from database: Cochrane Library, The Virtual Health Library, National Library of Medicine PubMed, Google Scholar, and citation searching with both experimental and observational study design were included. Exposed and nonexposed incidence of back pain was extracted to analyze the pooled odds ratio assessing the association of postpartum back pain and neuraxial anesthesia. Heterogeneity was checked across studies using Cochrane Q test statistic and I2. Small study effect was assessed using a funnel plot graphically and nonparametric rank correlation (Begg) test.

Results: Four RCT and 11 observational studies were identified for analysis. The studies included mothers delivering under cesarean section and vaginal delivery with epidural anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, and combined spinal epidural anesthesia. Based on the 15 studies included in this meta‐analysis, the pooled odds ratio according to random effect restricted maximum—likelihood model was 1.2 (95% CI (0.77–1.86)) with p value = 0.43. There was a significant heterogeneity with I2 = 97.76%, H2 = 44.58, and Cochrane Q statistics p value = 0.001.

Conclusion: Our result suggests neuraxial anesthesia may not be the cause or the risk factor for the overwhelmingly high incidence of back pain women experience after delivery.
A Six Years’ Trend Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Bacterial Isolates at Public Health Institute in Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Abejew Asrat Agalu , Fenta Teferi Gedif , Wubetu Gizachew Yismaw
Published: January 2025

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top global threats to public health. This study determined trends in AMR from 2016 to 2021 in a regional research laboratory in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods: Data from 2016 to 2021 was extracted from a database. Bacterial identification and resistance tests were made using the standard microbiologic procedures. The results were described, trends in AMR were determined using polynomial regressions, and binary logistic regression at p value < 0.05 was used.

Results: From 2016 to 2021, 25,143 specimens were sent for culture and susceptibility testing, among which 16,825 (66.9%) bacteria were isolated. About 12,528 (74.5%) isolates were gram‐negative, and 4297 (25.5%) were gram‐positive. Klebsiella pneumoniae (3783, 30.2%) and Escherichia coli (3199, 25.5%) were the most common gram‐negative bacteria, whereas coagulase‐negative Staphylococcus spp. (CoNS) (1765, 40.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (1293, 30.1%) were the most common gram‐positive bacteria. The overall prevalence of AMR was 2738 (59.9%), of which about 1807 (66.0%) accounted for gram‐negative and 931 (34.0%) for gram‐positive bacteria. K. pneumoniae (743, 80.2%), Enterobacter cloacae (196, 74.8%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (213, 66.6%) were the most common resistant isolates among gram‐negative bacteria, while CoNS (406, 58%), Streptococcus species (34, 50%), and S. aureus (196, 37%) were from gram‐positive bacteria. About 571 (20.9%) of bacteria were resistant to 2–10 drugs. The overall trend of AMR has been rising from year to year, reaching a peak in 2019 which was approximately 66% and then after has been predicted to decline.

Conclusion: AMR in the regional laboratory is prevalent and has been increasing although the quadratic equation has revealed downward‐opening parabola over time. A growing number of multidrug‐resistant bacteria are an alarm to awaken policymakers and those concerned to intervene before it is too late. This calls for a periodic, integrated, and continuing system to monitor AMR for commonly used antibiotics.
Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Supplementation on Obesity and Metabolic Alterations Induced by High‐Carbohydrate‐High‐Fat Diet in Rats
Authors: Lovely Farhana , Sifat Nazifa , Zihad S. M. Neamul Kabir , Dutta Ashit Kumar , Rouf Razina , Ahmed Khondoker Shahin , Hossain Md. Hemayet , Hossain Md. Golam , Shilpi Jamil A. , Uddin Shaikh J.
Published: January 2025

Ganodermalucidum (GL), commonly called Reishi mushroom, has been utilized in traditional medicine against multiple ailments including obesity and metabolic complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of the powdered supplementation of GL (2.5% w/w of diet) and its ability to ameliorate obesity and associated metabolic alterations in high‐carbohydrate‐high‐fat (HCHF) diet–fed obese female Wistar rats. Thus, after 56 days of feeding the mice with different treatments, we measured physiological parameters to evaluate the effect. Phytochemical analysis by HPLC identified the bioactive polyphenols in GL. Results demonstrated that GL supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) prevented the net rise in body weight and reduced organ weights and abdominal fat deposition in obese rats. It improved glucose intolerance, decreasing blood glucose level (6.2 nmol/L) compared to HCHF diet–induced obese rats (8.67 nmol/L). It also significantly ameliorated the plasma lipids parameters including total cholesterol (106.4 mg/dL), triglyceride, LDL‐C (55.26 mg/dL), and VLDL‐C, restored the elevated serum profiles of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and elevated the antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD) (42.58 U/g tissue), catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) (62.63 nmol/g tissue) in obese rats. Furthermore, GL prevented hepatic fat infiltration in HCHF diet–fed rats preventing steatosis. Different bioactive polyphenols including catechin, rutin, cinnamic acid, vanillic acid, quercetin, ferulic acid, and kaempferol were detected in GL by HPLC analysis, which might be responsible for its activity. Bangladeshi cultivated GL possesses antiobesity effect and is rich in phenolics that could prevent obesity‐associated metabolic disorders.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of γ‐Fe2O3/Cr2O3/Graphene Oxide/Sodium Alginate Hybrid Nanocomposite Aerogels for High‐Efficiency Ultracapacitors
Authors: Mahmood Rasha Shakir , Hussain Dhia Hadi
Published: January 2025

This study looks at how to manufacture cost‐effective, sustainable, and high‐performance energy storage materials. Although there has been significant development in graphene oxide‐based materials, challenges such as the accumulation of graphene sheets, weak cycling stability, and insufficient pseudocapacitive contributions reduce their efficiency, so this work looks to ride these challenges by manufacturing a stable, high‐capacity, and environmentally friendly hybrid quaternary nanocomposite γ‐Fe2O3/Cr2O3/GO/SA aerogel by using the inexpensive sonication method. The structural and morphological characterization of this hybrid nanocomposite was done using different techniques such as x‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy technique. The capacitive performance was determined using a three‐electrode system workstation. This hybrid nanocomposite achieved an excellent specific capacity of 1032 F.g−1 at a current density of 1 mA.g−1, along with a good energy density of 430 Wh.kg−1 and a power density of 9110 W.kg−1, and this means it achieved about a 2.5 times improvement more than traditional GO‐based materials. These impressive results belong to the excellent surface area of the γ‐Fe2O3/Cr2O3/GO/SA hybrid aerogel, provided by adding two types of semiconductors (γ‐Fe2O3 and Cr2O3), which reduces the graphene oxide sheets agglomeration. Furthermore, they also have a multioxidation state that makes them suitable for redox reactions, which leads to the addition of a pseudocapacitive to the overall capacitance. The hybrid nanocomposite also appears to have impressive cycling stability and a high coulombic efficiency of up to 98% after 7000 cycles, making it suitable for energy storage devices.
Indoor Residual Spraying With Fludora Fusion for Malaria Control in Pyrethroid‐Resistant Areas of Gujarat, India: A Community‐Randomized Trial
Authors: Kamaraju Raghavendra , Pant Chandra Sekhar , Uragayala Sreehari , Baharia Rajendra Kumar , Srivastava Harish Chandra , Yadav Rajpal Singh
Published: January 2025

Background: The development of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors has necessitated a need to evaluate new insecticide molecules with different modes of action. In the present study, Fludora Fusion 562.5 WP‐SB (clothianidin 50% + deltamethrin 6.25% AI/kg) was evaluated for its efficacy and residual action for the control of pyrethroid‐resistant malaria vector, Anopheles culicifacies (Diptera: Culicidae), during May 2017 to February 2018 in Gujarat state, India.

Methods: Fludora Fusion at the dose of 225 mg AI/m2 and bendiocarb at a dose of 400 mg AI/m2 as a positive control were sprayed in 5 villages each in districts of Kheda, Vadodara, and Panchmahal. The persistence of their efficacy on different local surfaces was determined against An. culicifacies. Entomological indices such as indoor resting density, human landing collections, pyrethrum spray collections, and exit trap collections were monitored to assess the impact of spraying.

Results: The observed residual action of Fludora Fusion on mud and cement surfaces was for 6 months and bendiocarb for 3–4 months on both surfaces. Indoor resting densities and parous rate of An. culicifacies were significantly lower in houses sprayed with Fludora Fusion compared to bendiocarb‐sprayed houses. Daily entomological inoculation rate (EIR) declined from 1.275 during prespray period to 0.5225 in the Fludora Fusion arm and 0.3802 in the Ficam arm in postspray period, indicating a reduction in the malaria transmission potential of An. culicifacies in both arms.

Conclusion: Based on the residual action of the Fludora Fusion on most common sprayed surfaces and its effects on the elements of vectorial capacity, Fludora Fusion at 225 mg/m2 dose was found effective for more than 6 months and could be a potential option for the control of resistant mosquito vectors.
The Antiaging and Antioxidative Effects of a Combination of Resveratrol and High‐Intensity Interval Training on the Frontal Lobe in Aged Rats: The Role of SIRTS 4, SIRTS 5, SOD1, and SOD2
Authors: Mehrabi Amin , Nuori Reza , Gaeini Abbasali , Amirazodi Maryam , Mehrtash Mohammad , Esfahlani Mohsen Abedini , Bahrami Mina , Bejeshk Mohammad Abbas , Rajizadeh Mohammad Amin
Published: January 2025

Introduction: High‐intensity interval training (HIIT) is a form of interval exercise that enhances capacity and benefits well‐being. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol prevalent in grapes and red wine, demonstrating significant health effects on the body. This study sought to evaluate the synergistic effects of swimming HIIT and resveratrol intake on the expression of SIRTs 4, SIRTs 5, and superoxide dismutases (SOD1 and SOD2) in the frontal lobe of elderly rats.

Materials and Methods: Forty‐five male Wistar rats, aged 22 months, were categorized into five groups: the control group (CTL), the swimming HIIT group (Ex: Exercise), the swimming HIIT with resveratrol group (R + Ex), the resveratrol group (R), and the solvent control group (vehicle). The R + Ex group engaged in high‐intensity interval swimming and ingested resveratrol (10 mg/kg/day via gavage) for 6 weeks. During the initial and final sessions of each week, blood samples from the rats in the Ex and R + Ex groups were collected for lactate analysis. The proteins SIRTs 4 and 5, as well as SODs 1 and 2, were quantified using the western blot approach.

Results: Integrating HIIT with resveratrol markedly enhanced the expression of SIRT4, SIRT5, and antioxidant enzymes in the frontal lobe of elderly rats.

Conclusion: Resveratrol and HIIT, particularly their synergistic effects, provide antioxidant and antiaging benefits on the frontal lobe of aged rats.
Patient-Derived Organoids and Xenografts Uncover Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Colorectal Signet Ring Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Chaudhary Nazia , La Ferlita Alessandro , Choudhary Bhagya Shree , Jog Eeshrita , Kazi Mufaddal , Yahya Showket , Dalwai Afiya , Ostwal Vikas , Singh Satishkumar , Redkar Siddhi , Khapare Nileema , Kailaje Vaishali , B Akshaya , Gera Poonam , Bal Munita , Verma Nandini , Thorat Rahul , Saklani Avanish , Sehgal Lalit , Dalal Sorab N.
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Identifying therapeutic targets for signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the colon and rectum is a clinical challenge because of the lack of patient-derived organoids (PDO) or patient-derived xenografts (PDX). To address this unmet need, we present a robust method for establishing PDO and PDX models. We demonstrate that these models identify novel therapeutic strategies targeting therapy resistance and peritoneal metastasis.

Experimental Design:

We derived nine PDO and PDX models from patients with colorectal SRCC. Detailed histopathologic characterization confirmed the fidelity of these models to the original tumors. Drug sensitivity assays were conducted in vitro and in vivo to assess the therapeutic efficacy and impact on peritoneal metastasis. An RNA sequencing analysis was performed to identify critical pathways contributing to therapy resistance and metastatic progression.

Results:

We successfully developed and characterized PDO and PDX models from nine patients with SRCC. The SRCC PDO and PDX models exhibited histopathologic features consistent with those of the original tumors, including high mucin content and eccentric nuclei. They demonstrated increased sensitivity to FOLFIRI combined with paclitaxel or vincristine, reducing peritoneal metastasis. RNA sequencing analysis revealed the upregulation of autophagy genes in SRCC. Treatment with chloroquine alone resulted in decreased tumor growth and peritoneal metastasis.

Conclusions:

Our study establishes PDO and PDX models as robust platforms for studying SRCC and identifying potential therapeutic strategies. Combining FOLFIRI with paclitaxel/vincristine or chloroquine alone inhibits tumor growth and prevents peritoneal metastasis, showing promise for clinical translation. These findings suggest that combining FOLFIRI with intraperitoneal paclitaxel warrants further investigation in phase I clinical trials for patients with SRCC.
Targeting AXL inhibits the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer in bone
Authors: Chiu Chun-Lung , Zhang Dalin , Zhao Hongjuan , Wei Yi , Polasko Alexandra Lapat. , Thomsen Mikkel Thy. , Yang Vanessa , Yang Kasie Kexin. , Hauck Spencer , Peterson Eric E. , Wen Ru M. , Qiu Zhengyuan , Corey Eva , Miao Yu Rebecca , Rankin Erinn B. , Peehl Donna M. , Huang Jiaoti , Giaccia Amato J. , Brooks James D.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: After failing primary and secondary hormonal therapy, castration-resistant and neuroendocrine prostate cancer metastatic to the bone is invariably lethal, although treatment with docetaxel and carboplatin can modestly improve survival. Therefore, agents targeting biologically relevant pathways in PCa and potentially synergizing with docetaxel and carboplatin in inhibiting bone metastasis growth are urgently needed. Experimental Design: Phosphorylated (activated) AXL expression in human prostate cancer bone metastases was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. We evaluated the effects of a novel soluble AXL signaling inhibitor, sAXL (batiraxcept or AVB-S6-500), on the tumor growth and lung metastases in PCa patient-derived xenograft models (PDX) that implanted intratibally. After injection of LuCaP cells into the tibiae, tumors were treated with batiraxcept and docetaxel or carboplatin alone or in combination, and tumor growth was monitored by serum PSA or bioluminescence. Tumor burden was quantified by human-specific Ku70 staining, and metastasis to the lung was determined using qPCR. Transcriptomic profiling, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to identify treatment-regulated gene and protein profile changes. Results: High AXL phosphorylation in human PCa bone metastases correlated with shortened survival. Batiraxcept alone or in combination with docetaxel or carboplatin significantly suppressed intratibial tumor growth and suppressed metastasis to the lung through multiple mechanisms, including repression of cancer stemness genes (CD44, ALDH1A1, TACSTD2, ATXN1) and the PI3K, JAK, MAPK, and E2F1/NUSAP1 signaling pathways. Conclusions: Our study provides a robust preclinical rationale and mechanisms of action for using batiraxcept as a single agent or in combination with docetaxel or carboplatin to treat lethal mPCa.
O Panenteísmo da Kabbalah teosófica medieval na relação D’us-mundo
Authors: Silva André Gustavo Cruz da
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa trata da relação D’us-mundo na Kabbalah teosófica medieval, propondo investigar a Kabbalah sobretudo pela metafísica. Como tal, investigo o mundo a partir do princípio de razão suficiente segundo o qual deve haver uma explicação para a existência do mundo. Em termos metafísicos, a explicação metafísica remonta à causa eficiente e ao fundamento ontológico. Na Kabbalah, a causa do mundo corresponde a D’us na forma do Seu Ein-Sof, em que Ele faz com que o mundo seja; o modo como Ele causa é por meio de um processo de emanação; e, causando a Si mesmo, o fundamento do mundo também é D’us na forma das Suas Sefirot, em que Ele faz com que o mundo continue sendo. Na articulação da mitologia bíblica pelo cabalismo, mais do que a Criação enquanto a “saída” do mundo em D’us, o mundo também está no Exílio pelo pecado de Adão e Eva; para tanto, os cabalistas especularam que é necessário o “retorno” do mundo para D’us, que é a Redenção. Minha tese, portanto, não só descreve D’us na forma do panenteísmo, onde Ele é transcendente, por isso é causa do mundo, e, ao mesmo tempo, imanente, por isso também é fundamento do mundo, mas também assume o contexto mítico-judaico da Kabbalah para a qual a forma de trazer a Redenção para este mundo é contemplando a D’us na totalidade do seu Ser. Em suma, assumir D’us a partir da Kabbalah implica assumir o panenteísmo, pois na tradição cabalística tal teologia é possível.
O “Homo Sacer” ou as “Cifras Ocultas” de Auschwitz: o Holocausto na obra de Giorgio Agamben e Moishe Postone
Authors: Silva Gabriel Carvalho
Published: January 2025

Apresentado no I Congresso Internacional de Estudos Judaicos da Universidade de São Paulo.
As interpretações sobre o Holocausto são diversas. Sem dúvida, uma das leituras mais polêmicas a respeito desse fenômeno trata-se da obra “O que resta de Auschwitz”, de Giorgio Agamben. Para o filósofo italiano, o uso do termo “holocausto” para se referir ao morticínio em massa de seis milhões de judeus atribui um sentido teológico e sacrificial para um massacre sem sentido. Apoiando-se nas noções de tanatopolítica, do genocídio como gestão da vida nua e da forma política do campo de concentração como paradigma da modernidade, o autor busca contestar a atribuição de sentido sacrificial ao Holocausto e defende, por sua vez, a acepção do genocídio dos judeus como morticínio em massa do Homo Sacer. Este breve ensaio tem como objetivo apresentar as ideias de Agamben e contrapô-las à interpretação diversa do historiador Moishe Postone, para quem o significado do Holocausto só pode ser compreendido através de uma leitura crítica da economia política, oferecendo uma interpretação do fenômeno da ideologia e regime político nazista como forma acabada de fetichismo da mercadoria, apresentando o nazismo como forma reacionária de anticapitalismo romântico, que opera uma projeção das características mais abstratas do capitalismo sobre o povo judeu como personificações do valor e da modernidade capitalista e que visou expurgar o lado abstrato do capitalismo através do genocídio judaico, dos judeus como cifras ocultas, personificações da dominação abstrata do capital. O artigo propõe um exame das duas interpretações, a filosófico-política de Agamben, e a histórico-crítica de Postone, a fim de observar suas convergências e rupturas.
“Land Israel” – uma leitura do papel da Terra de Israel na lírica de Nelly Sachs
Authors: Santos Beatriz de Souza
Published: January 2025

Nelly Sachs (1891-1970), a German Jewish author who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1966, is one of the most important German-language poets of the post-war period. As someone who had to go into exile because of anti-Semitism, the poet was pleased with the founding and recognition of the State of Israel. However, she distanced herself from a Zionist position that saw the recognition of this state as the solution to the problems of the Jewish people. In “Sternverdunkelung” [Darkening of Stars], a book published in 1949, there is a cycle entitled Land Israel, and also a poem with the same title. According to Nelly Sachs, the cycle sought to "find the symbolic meaning of homeland" (SACHS, 1984, p. 93). The poem "Land Israel" is built on references to the Bible and tensions between movement and immobility, nation and exile, past and present, material and immaterial, as well as foreigner and native. In the poem, Israel exceeds its geopolitical borders and is measured by its contact with the divine and by its words, its poetry. The aim of this article is to discuss the different meanings of "Land" in the work of Nelly Sachs, based on an analysis of the tensions presented by the poem "Land Israel".
Ensino da Shoá a crianças e adolescentes no museu: um quadro de diretrizes
Authors: Eliezer Juliana Carvalho
Published: January 2025

This article aims to compile guidelines from museums dedicated to the Holocaust and related topics (namely the United States Holocaust Memorial and Museum, in Washington, D.C.; Yad Vashem, in Jerusalem; ANOHA, the children's section of the Jüdisches Museum in Berlin; and the Holocaust Museum, in Curitiba) on how to present the subject, in the museum environment, to children and teenagers. The compilation of these guidelines was necessary during the course of our master's research, which deals with the strategies employed by Shoah museums in presenting the subject to these age groups, since the focus of our study is on exhibitions, and those institutions mentioned above carry out their own research activities, thus serving as sources. Therefore, they issue guidelines that can be applied both by teachers in the classroom and in non-formal education contexts, such as other museums.
Izaque de Castro Tartas encontra Baruch de Spinosa: a crítica do regime teológico-político inquisitorial e o Tratado de Trégua de 1641
Authors: Leão Hannah De Gregorio
Published: January 2025

The article’s objective is to analyze the mobilization of international treaties, natural law and jus gentium in Izaque de Castro Tartas’ process of the Lisbon Inquisition, imprisoned in Brazil, using as a theoretical perspective the criticism of the theological-political carried out by the philosopher Baruch de Spinoza. From that analysis, it will be possible to understand not only how Jews and New Christians were inserted in the international legal discourse of the 17th century, but also how concepts of jus gentium and natural law were mobilized by such actors as minorities. persecuted by Iberian political and theological powers. Spinoza, when carrying out a critique of the theological-political in his work Theological-Political Treatise, converges with the perspectives defended by more New Christian critics of his time, such as Uriel da Costa and Juan de Prado. However, it is also necessary to carry out an analysis of the intellectual and philosophical convergence of Spinoza's thought with New Christians’ criticisms of the Holy Office. Cecil Roth claimed that a historical meeting may have occurred between Izaque de Castro Tartas and Baruch de Spinoza as young men in the 17th century Amsterdam community. Roth's hypothesis awakens the need to investigate the existence of possible convergent perspectives between the two that can highlight a critical intellectual line that permeates freedom of conscience in Amsterdam and comes to direct conflict with the theological-political power of the Lisbon Inquisition using jus gentium and natural law in defense of the application of the 1641 Truce Treaty.
Daoist Philosophies Past, Present and Future: Curing the Platypus Syndrome
Authors: Wawrytko Sandra A.
Published: January 2025

If Chinese Philosophy is to be viewed as Contemporary Philosophy, we must address the explicit and implicit biases our philosophical colleagues harbor about “legitimate” philosophy. An apt analogy involves the challenge posed to the European taxonomy of species by the “discovery” of the platypus. Now recognized as a distinct species of mammal (monotreme), the platypus was initially denounced as a hoax, then grudgingly accepted as a “primitive” evolutionary dead end. Using Daoist philosophy as an example, this essay offers a pedagogical strategy for shifting from the Fixed Mind’s adulation of “the [Western] Canon” to the Growth Mind receptive to Daoism’s philosophical resources.
Exploring the techno-functional potential of Arsenura armida and Acheta domesticus flours in wheat bread formulation
Authors: Cortazar-Moya S. , Hernández-Figueroa R.H. , Vera-Santander V.E. , López-Malo A. , Morales-Camacho J.I.
Published: January 2025

Food fortification and enrichment are popular trends in food production, aiming to boost nutritional value, health benefits, and techno-functional properties. These objectives can only be achieved if fortified foods are consumed widely and in sufficient quantities. Therefore, bakery products such as bread or pasta are often chosen as food vehicles. This study investigated the impact of adding insect meal to wheat bread, focusing on quality, physical, and sensory properties. The aim was to partially replace wheat flour with flours from Arsenura armida or Acheta domesticus, testing each independently at 5 parts and 10 parts substitution levels. A factorial design (2̂3) was used to assess the effects of the selected proportions of insect meal, wheat flour, and water on the bread characteristics.

Breads with A. armida meal did not show significant differences in moisture content, water activity (aw), and width-to-height ratio (W/H) compared to the control (). In contrast, bread with A. domesticus meal showed significant differences in aw, W/H, and moisture (), with the sample substituted by 10 g of A. domesticus meal showing the lowest moisture (24.5%) and highest W/H (5.43). Color analysis revealed no significant difference () in the total color difference (ΔE) of the crumb of all the formulations tested, neither for A. armida nor A. domesticus. The evaluated proportions of insect meal did not affect this characteristic. The sensory evaluation (9-point hedonic scale) showed no significant differences () in aroma, color, crust and crumb appearance, flavor, and overall acceptability among formulations with A. armida or A. domesticus flours compared to the control. Scores ranged from 5.5 ± 2.4 to 6.9 ± 2.1, corresponding to “like slightly.” The factorial design identified formulations with improved texture, which is associated with the general acceptability of insect flours (A. armida and A. domesticus) when mixed with wheat flour and water to produce bread.
“Eternal Life”, “Eternal Punishment”: What Did Jesus Really Mean?
Authors: Wierzbicka Anna
Published: January 2025

In his 2007 encyclical Spe Salvi: On Christian Hope Pope Benedict xvi cautioned: “The term ‘eternal life’ … is an inadequate term that causes confusion” (12). He also warned that ‘eternal’ should not be interpreted as ‘everlasting’. This caution applies equally to the term ‘eternal punishment’. Both phrases originate primarily in one sentence of Jesus’ parable of the “last judgment” (Matthew 25:46), where the Son of Man divides those gathered before him into two groups, those on the left and those on the right (“like a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats”), and explains that whatever they did to other people they did to him: to those on the right, he says, “for I was hungry and you gave me food” and to those on the left, “for I was hungry and you gave me no food”. The parable concludes: “And they [those on the left] will go into eternal punishment [in Greek, kolasis aionios], but the righteous into eternal life [zoe aionios]”.

What exactly do those Greek phrases, “kolasis aionios” and “zoe aionios”, really mean? This article argues that this question, much debated over the centuries and crucial to Christianity, cannot be properly answered without some input from linguistic semantics and without a coherent semantic methodology. The author, a linguist who has written many books on semantics, three of them (2001, 2019, and to appear) on biblical semantics, offers a fresh answer to that vital question, based on her expertise and experience in cross-linguistic semantics and its applications to the New Testament.
Discovery of a new species and a new geographical record of Metarhizium (Clavicipitaceae, Hypocreales) from China
Authors: YANG YU , XIAO YUAN-PIN , HYDE KEVIN D. , JAYAWARDENA RUVISHIKA S. , LU YONG-ZHONG , MAPOOK AUSANA , NILTHONG SOMRUDEE , AL-OTIBI FATIMAH , XIE SHU-QIONG , LI XIANG-DONG
Published: January 2025

Clavicipitoid fungi, significant insect pathogens within the Ascomycetes, represent a diverse and complex group that includes genera such as Metarhizium, known for their biocontrol properties. These fungi are highly diverse yet frequently overlooked, resulting in many species remaining undiscovered and undescribed. This study unveils two notable findings from China within Metarhizium: a new species, M. multisynnematum, and a new geographical record for M. phasmatodeae. These identifications were achieved through both morphological examination and phylogenetic analysis across six loci (SSU, LSU, ITS, tef-1α, rpb1, and rpb2). Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the two novel isolates are provided, along with a phylogenetic tree illustrating the placement of the new species.
Taxonomic revision of Austroeupatorium (Compositae, Eupatorieae) in Uruguay: new records and a new combination
Authors: MAILHOS ARY , COSSE MARIANA , PÉREZ CAMILO , BONIFACINO JOSÉ MAURICIO
Published: January 2025

A taxonomic revision of Austroeupatorium in Uruguay is presented. We provide expanded descriptions, photos, maps, and a key for the identification of Austroeupatorium species from this country. The genus is represented by three species: the widespread A. inulifolium; A. laetevirens, which represents a new formal record; and A. steviifolium, here proposed as a new combination in the genus based on Eupatorium steviifolium, which also represents a new record. Frequent misidentifications and affinities with other similar genera and species are discussed.
Magnolia huongiana (M. sect. Michelia, Magnoliaceae), a new species from southern Vietnam
Authors: CAO THI VIET NGA , VU TIEN CHINH , TRUONG QUANG CUONG , LUU THE TRUNG , VU QUANG NAM
Published: January 2025

N/A
A new species of Eleocharis (Cyperaceae) from the campos rupestres of northern Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: ATUESTA DUVIER J. , TREVISAN RAFAEL
Published: January 2025

Eleocharis serrae-novae is described and illustrated. This species is known from the Serra Nova e Talhado State Park (Minas Gerais, Brazil), inhabiting open grassland vegetation on sandy substrate. It is morphologically similar to the dwarf members of the genus, especially those with emarginate glumes such as E. angustispicula, E. bahiensis, E. morroi and E. nigrescens, but differs by having inflated sheaths, stramineous spikelets and cancellated achenes. This species is considered Data Deficient (DD) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
Nawiązania do Biblii w modlitwie powszechnej. Rekonesans badawczy
Authors: Pałucka-Czerniak Iwona
Published: January 2025

References to the Bible in the Universal Prayer: A Research Reconnaissance
The article presents the results of preliminary research devoted to the transformation of the lexicon of the universal prayer, also known as the prayer of the faithful. The focus is on the use of specific phrasemes from the Bible which appear in five collections of such prayers. Referring to the content of the Bible in the universal prayer serves many functions. It allows maintaining content coherence in the entire liturgy of the Mass, ensures a smooth transition from the Liturgy of the Word to the Liturgy of the Eucharist, and diversifies the style – it serves an aesthetic function. In the texts of the examined genre, there are direct references to the content of the readings and the Gospel for a given day. It is also possible to observe general lexical and conceptual references to the Bible, which are most strongly present in the introduction and conclusion of the prayer. The analysis of selected phrasemes from the Bible shows continuity and change in the lexical resource. The saturation of individual collections with these elements varies, which allows tracking the transformations of style and changes in phraseological connectivity.
 
Nawiązania do Biblii w modlitwie powszechnej. Rekonesans badawczy
Artykuł przedstawia rekonesans badawczy poświęcony przekształceniom leksyki modlitwy powszechnej. Uwaga koncentruje się na wykorzystywaniu określonych frazemów pochodzących z Biblii, używanych w pięciu zbiorach modlitw powszechnych. Nawiązywanie do treści Biblii w modlitwie powszechnej pełni wiele funkcji. Pozwala utrzymać spójność treściową w całości liturgii mszy św., zapewnia płynne przejście z liturgii słowa do liturgii Eucharystii, urozmaica styl – pełni funkcję estetyczną. W tekstach badanego gatunku pojawiają się bezpośrednie nawiązania do treści czytań i Ewangelii z danego dnia. Poza tym zaobserwować można ogólne leksykalne i pojęciowe nawiązania do Biblii, które najsilniej uobecniają się we wstępie i zakończeniu modlitwy. Badanie wybranych frazemów pochodzących z Biblii ukazuje ciągłość i zmianę w zasobie leksykalnym. Nasycenie nimi poszczególnych zbiorów jest różne, co pozwala śledzić przekształcenia stylu i zmiany łączliwości frazeologicznej.
A United Kingdom-wide audit of the laboratory investigation of primary aldosteronism
Authors: Davies Sarah L , Cuthbertson Daniel J , Ward Louise J , Wassif Wassif S , Gurnell Mark , Davison Andrew S
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common but under-recognised cause of secondary hypertension. Early diagnosis with targeted medical and/or surgical intervention is important to prevent irreversible end-organ damage. An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline was used to define audit standards against which to assess current United Kingdom (UK) laboratory practice.

Methods

A survey comprising 22 questions, which captured information on screening, confirmatory testing and adrenal vein sampling (AVS), was distributed to all UK Clinical Biochemistry laboratories by the Association for Laboratory Medicine. Consultation with clinical colleagues was encouraged.

Results

50 of 147 laboratories (34.0%) responded, 17 of which provided an analytical service for plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and renin, measured as plasma renin activity (PRA) or direct renin concentration (DRC). PRA/DRC, PAC and aldosterone:renin ratios were used to screen for PA. Saline infusion testing was the most common confirmatory test. AVS was used to aid lateralisation. Chemiluminescence immunoassay and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry were the preferred analytical methods for PAC and PRA/DRC. However, there was considerable variation across centres in respect of reference intervals and cutoffs, which were not fully accounted for by differences in analytical platforms. Although diagnostic algorithms, with pre- and post-analytical support, were in evidence in some centres, these were not universal or always embedded in a multidisciplinary team setting.

Conclusions

We observed significant heterogeneity in the laboratory investigation of PA across the United Kingdom. Therefore, this work serves as a stimulus for greater collaboration to permit national harmonisation/standardisation of analytical and clinical aspects of UK PA practice.
Unsustainable Complexity: insights from ecology and anthropology on the dynamics of complexity in church systems
Authors: Birch Reverend Thomas
Published: January 2025

Cycles of growth and decay are observable in both human and natural systems. In these cycles increasing followed by decreasing levels of system complexity are also observed. These dynamics have been studied by both ecologists and anthropologists. Of particular interest for this paper is the work of ecologist C. S. Holling and the anthropologist Joseph A. Tainter. This paper explores whether insights of natural and human systems from these disciplines may be useful when considering how complexity increases, is sustained, and decreases in church life.

If insights from these disciplines are applicable to church life, it suggests that a strategy of conscious simplification of church structures, and the devolution of power and authority downwards to more autonomous units of church, would be a preferable strategy at all levels of church life at this point in the church’s history where resources available to the church are insufficient to maintain inherited and now maladapted systems of organisation. Such a strategy contrasts with the strategy currently most dominantly espoused by National Church Institutions of the Church of England of seeking growth through increasingly centralised management and control of resources.