bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study to evaluate diagnostic accuracy and correlation between saline infusion sonography, hysterosalpingography and diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in infertility
Authors: Tiwari Arti , Singh Beenu Kushwah , Mishra Anuradha
Published: January 2020

Background: Till date hysterosalpingography (HSG) remains the first-line method to detect tubal patency and to find out any uterine abnormalities in infertile female while diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy (DHL)  is considered to be the gold standard method, it is during last decades only that saline infusion sonography (SIS)/ sonohysterography (SHG) has emerged as an efficacious method of checking tubal patency and uterine anatomy as well. The present study aims to compare all three methods viz- SIS, HSG and DHL and to evaluate the correlation between these methods.Methods: 98 infertile females of age group 18-35 years with normal Hormonal profile without any male factor infertility, were prospectively selected from the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology, GMH Rewa, Madhya Pradesh over one year from 1st August 2016 to 31st July 2017.Results: Diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) of SIS was found to be more than HSG for both tubal patency and uterine abnormalities detection. SIS has less numbers of false positive and false negative rates as compared to HSG. DHL was found to be much superior to both SIS and HSG, also detected additional findings in multiple sites like pelvis, tubes and the uterus on the same setting which were missed on SIS and HSG.Conclusions: SIS may replace HSG as a first step screening method for tubal patency detection, as it has more diagnostic accuracy than HSG and better correlation with DHL and has many advantages and minimal disadvantages as compared to HSG.
A prospective observational study of breech pregnancy in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Kaul Somika , Rami Bijal D.
Published: January 2020

Background: Breech presentation is the commonest of all mal presentations. Vaginal delivery of breech presentation at term is associated with a much higher perinatal mortality and morbidity than that of vertex presentation.Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, S. S. G. Hospital, Baroda for a period of six months from 1st May 2019 to 31st October 2019. Out of a total number of 4476 deliveries, 159 were breech pregnancy. It included all the women admitted in labour room or ward who delivered with clinical or ultrasound diagnosis of breech presentation after 20 weeks of gestation.Results: In the present study incidence of breech pregnancy was 3.6%. Authors observed the highest incidence of breech pregnancy in the age group of 20 to 25 years. Maximum (62.9%) cases delivered after 37 weeks of gestation. In our study 62.3% cases were primigravida and 37.7% were multigravida. Majority of cases (77.4%) delivered by caesarean section. Among all the babies born 50.6% were having birth weight of less than 2.5 kg.Conclusions: Authors need to study and analyse all cases of breech pregnancy individually to decide the management and mode of delivery depending on cases to case basis and expertise of the staff available. Delivery of breech foetus should be conducted by experience obstetrician after appropriate consent from pregnant women and her relatives.
Association between uterine leiomyoma with body mass index and parity in the women of coastal Karnataka, India
Authors: C. Amruta , Shetty Annappa , Pawaskar Naresh , Desai Shreya
Published: January 2020

Background: Fibroid is the commonest benign tumor of the uterus and also commonest benign solid tumor in females. Fibroids are found to be 2-3 times more prevalent in obese women, specially the one’s with central obesity and in those with BMI > or = 35. Epidemiologic data also shows pregnancy is associated with reduced risk of fibroids. So, the present study will be a cross-sectional study which will be undertaken to know the association of uterine leiomyoma with BMI and parity in the women of coastal Karnataka.Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was performed among the 100 patients attending OPD at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Karwar institute of medical sciences from June 2018 to August 2018. Women suspected to have fibroid based on their symptoms were made to undergo ultrasonography. Comparison was made between the parity, body mass index of the patient and the size of the uterine fibroid visualized.Results: Out of 100 women studied 63 were nulliparous and 37 women were multiparous. Incidence of fibroid is inversely proportional to parity. When BMI < 18 only 6 women had fibroid, when BMI > 25, 57 women had fibroids and between 18-25 group 37 women were diagnosed with fibroid.Conclusions: The fibroid showed directly proportional association with BMI. Greater the BMI, more was the risk of fibroids. The fibroid showed inversely proportional association with parity. Greater the parity of the women lesser was her chances of being at risk of having fibroid.
A rare case of early onset intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Authors: L. Saraswathi H. , Joshi Trishula Gurunath , Ganta Suvarna Jyothi
Published: January 2020

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is an important complication of pregnancy requiring increased surveillance by the obstetricians due to its increased foetal morbidity and mortality in the form of preterm birth, foetal distress, RDS including sudden IUD and stillbirth. The incidence of ICP is increasing due to IVF and routine administration of progesterone in early pregnancy. ICP usually presents in late second and third trimester. Here authors are presenting a case of early onset ICP (14 weeks) which developed in an IVF conception.
Cesarean scar ectopic with ruptured corpus luteal cyst: a rare case report
Authors: Yadav Shikha , Mukherjee Shubhra
Published: January 2020

Incidence of caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is increasing because of a rising number of caesarean sections. Prompt diagnosis of the condition is required to reduce associated morbidity. A high index of suspicion is required for women with a suggestive history of CSP. Ultrasound scan is the diagnostic tool of choice. Management options include medical, surgical and interventional radiology. Appropriate patient selection is important for optimal results. Major haemorrhage and hysterectomy are the main risks associated with CSP. Therefore, adequate counselling and availability of surgical expertise and blood transfusion should be part of a comprehensive management strategy. We are reporting a rare case of G3P2L1 with previous two lower caesarean deliveries diagnosed with caesarean scar ectopic based on clinical and ultrasound finding came with acute pain in abdomen with haemodynamically unstable with intraoperative finding s/o unruptured c scar pregnancy along with ruptured corpus luteal cyst leading to severe intra-abdominal bleeding. C-scar ectopic and corpus luteal cyst confirmed on histopathology.
The relationship between eating habits, socio-demographic characteristics and body mass index among undergraduate students from two selected universities, Tanzania
Authors: Msoga Japhet J. , Anasel Mackfallen
Published: January 2020

Background: Obesity is a current public health concern for both developed and developing countries. Previous studies have demonstrated that, university students exhibit poor eating habits and gain body weight more rapidly than the general population. The aim of this study was to investigate how socio-demographic characteristics and eating habits relate to body mass index (BMI) among undergraduate students from two selected universities in Morogoro region, Tanzania.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Mzumbe University and Jordan University College. Simple and cluster random sampling were used to select 200 students from the two universities. Questionnaire and Anthropometric measurements were used during data collection. One-way ANOVA and multiple linear regressions analysis were deployed with an assistance of computer software called SPSS.Results: The findings showed that each additional healthy eating habit score was insignificantly associated with 0.043 units decrease in BMI (p>0.05). This study found significant associations between mean BMI and female gender, age and place of origin (p<0.05). The results showed that each additional year of age was significantly associated with 0.495 units increase in BMI and female respondents were having 2.168 higher BMI than males. In addition, respondents from rural had significant lower BMI by 1.59 as compared to their urban counterparts.Conclusions: The study concluded that age, gender and place of origin relate with undergraduate student’s BMI significantly. The study recommend that public health planners and implementers should target age, gender, place of origin as well as eating habit during fighting for obesity among undergraduate students.
A health benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program in Nigeria
Authors: Idris Israel O. , Badejo Okiki O. , Ochagu Victor , Lamidi Sheriff A. , Gavkalova Nataliia
Published: January 2020

Background: Nigeria ranks third just behind India and China in the global disease burden of pneumococcal disease. The current sustainability approach for an affordable pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) for the national immunization program from 2014 till 2025 involves a cost sharing plan funded with a 75% financial support from GAVI and a subsidy from Pfizer pharmaceuticals. There is a strong need to generate evidence on the cost-effectiveness of the national PCV program in Nigeria from 2014-2025 and beyond 2025.Methods: The following parameters (demography, disease burden, health services utilization and costs, vaccination coverage, vaccine efficacy, and vaccination costs) were used in a static cohort model to estimate the total cost, health and economic benefit, and cost-effectiveness of the implementation of PCV vaccination program, compared with no PCV vaccination among under-five children in Nigeria from 2014-2025 and from 2026-2033. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the robustness of the data used.Results: The national PCV vaccination program would have an approximated 31.4% and 30% reduction of the total burden of pneumococcal diseases over the period of 2014-2025 and 2026-2033 respectively. One-way sensitivity analysis reveals vaccine efficacy as most sensitive parameter followed by disease incidence rate and treatment cost. Removal and addition of DTP3 and 3+1 (measles vaccine) dose respectively resulted to a similar ICER from both.Conclusions: The estimated ICER suggests that the national PCV program in Nigeria will be cost-effective post 2025 era.  In addition, it is recommended for policy-makers adoption considering the budget and equity impact of the intervention in Nigeria.
Exclusive breastfeeding and infection amongst children in Northern Kerala
Authors: Gopalamenon Nandini , Binub Kanniyan , Ramachandran Remya
Published: January 2020

Background: Breastfeeding is regarded as a perfect, natural and protective food for newborns. Early initiation of breast feeding within first hour of birth along with exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months followed by continued breast feeding for up to two years is the most appropriate feeding strategy.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 89 children in the age group one year six months to five years in Malapuram district. Convenient sampling technique was used to interview mothers. Results were expressed as percentages and proportions. Chi square test was used to test the association between the variables.Results: A total of 89 children were studied out of which 51.7% (46) were females. All the mothers are educated and Most of them are homemakers. Normal vaginal delivery was the common mode of delivery in 55.1% and colostrum was given to 97.8% children. Breast feeding was initiated within half an hour for 47 (52.8%) children. Only 62.9% of the children were exclusively breastfed for 6 months. Only 1 child was unimmunized and 96.6% of the children were fully immunized.Conclusions: The children who were exclusively breastfed had less infections compared to children who were non-exclusively breast fed. It is had less infections, not handless infections.
Prevalence and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among urban mothers of Central Kerala
Authors: Raveendran Ajith , Joseph Jose , V. D. Manjula , A. Sobha
Published: January 2020

Background: Breastfeeding is accepted as the natural form of infant feeding. The world health organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding of infants for first six months of age. The primary objective of the present study is to estimate the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and the secondary objectives were to identify factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among all mother infant pairs of 6-12 months age enlisted in the updated MCH register of KMCH center, Ettumanoor. Data was collected using a semi structured interview schedule. Factors related to exclusive breastfeeding were analysed by bivariate and multivariate analysis using SPSS version19.0.Results: Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 21.9% with a median duration of four months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that maternal education, working mother, advice on exclusive breast feeding during antenatal visits and length of breast-feeding session were independently associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Inadequacy of breast milk was the major reason for non-exclusive breastfeeding.Conclusions: Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding is low in this particular area. Hence promotion of exclusive breastfeeding and focus on factors affecting them is highly warranted in this area.
Knowledge, socio demographic profile, vaccination status and factors determining the acceptance of hepatitis B vaccine among nursing staff of KPC Medical College of West Bengal
Authors: Sikder Rajib , Kundu Subha Sankha , Dey Rituraj , Pattanayak Ujjwal , Majumdar Kunal Kanti , Joardar Gautam Kumar
Published: January 2020

Background: Hepatitis B, a vaccine preventable infection is one of the important causes of morbidity in India. The risk of acquiring the infection is more among the health care providers like nurses than in general population as they come in close contact with patients. The study has been done to know the sociodemographic profile, vaccination status along with the knowledge about the disease and the factors determining the acceptance of vaccination among nursing staff of KPC Medical College in West Bengal.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among the 284 nursing staff of KPC Medical College and Hospital in November to December, 2018 with the help of pre-designed and semi-structured questionnaire. Data on demographic characteristics, knowledge, occupational exposure, vaccination status and factors for acceptance of vaccine etc. were collected and analysed.Results: 86% nursing staff received vaccination out of which 71% were completely vaccinated, 29% were partially and 14% were non vaccinated. The acceptable knowledge was found in 84% of the nurses. The major reason of vaccination was to protect themselves from infection and the major reason for non-acceptance was time limitation, cost issues etc. Accidental prick was found in 5% of the nurses and universal precautionary measure was taken by 98% of the nurses.Conclusions: In spite of availability of safe, effective and cheap vaccine against hepatitis B infection, 29% of nursing staff were partially vaccinated and 14% were non-vaccinated. There should be a mandatory vaccination at the beginning of their training and frequent educational and awareness programme for them on hepatitis B.
Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding no scalpel vasectomy in married men attending urban and rural health facilities in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Uplap Pallavi A. , Malvi Vaidehi
Published: January 2020

Background: India will soon surpass China as the world’s most populous nation by 2022. Though India was the first to launch family planning in 1952, population stabilization remains a distant dream. No scalpel vasectomy (NSV) is a modified and sophisticated technique of vasectomy which can be performed in low resource settings. However, acceptance of NSV is declining in India including Maharashtra. Hence a study was conducted to evaluate factors affecting acceptance of NSV amongst married men visiting urban and rural health facilities of Maharashtra.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted amongst randomly selected 50 married males of 21 years old and above each in conveniently selected urban and rural health centre under a medical college. After obtaining written informed consent from the participants, data was collected from November to December 2018 with the help of semi structured questionnaire. Socio-demographic information, knowledge, attitude and practices were entered and analyzed in Epi Info 7. Study was approved by the institutional ethics committee.Results: Majority (60%) of men attending the urban health care setup knew about NSV compared to those attending rural set up (34%). More number of participants from rural area (62%) were of opinion that NSV affects sexual performance as compared to urban area (44%). Willingness to recommend NSV to others was 62% and 32% in urban and rural men respectively. None of the participants (0%) underwent NSV.Conclusions: There is a huge gap between knowledge, attitude and practices regarding NSV in the study participants. It shows a need to revise strategies for its promotion.
A study on relationship between body-image and self-esteem among medical undergraduate students
Authors: Virk Amrit , Singh Parmal
Published: January 2020

Background: Body image refers to how individuals think, feel and behave in relation to their body and appearance. During adolescence self-perception about their appearance is important to the development of self-esteem and is also understood to be an important predictor of self-worth. Research has shown that inappropriate perception of the body image and dissatisfaction can lead to physical and psychic problems in the youth. In today's society, with the growing sense of ideal body image, adolescents and young adults try to lose or gain body weight to attain perfect body. The objective of the study is to find out the proportion of students dissatisfied with their body image, and the association of various determinants with body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 125 first year medical students located in rural Haryana. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on various determinants associated with body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem.Results: Body image dissatisfaction was present among 16.8% of the students. Low self-esteem was observed among 21.6% of the students. Low body mass index (<18.5) was found to be significantly associated with body image dissatisfaction. A moderately positive correlation (r=0.384, p<0.001) was observed between self-esteem and body image satisfaction.Conclusions: Study findings support the fact that body image dissatisfaction has its impact on self-esteem among college-going youth. It is imperative that effective interventions be planned to educate the youth on ideal body weight and protect this young generation from pressures and consequences of negative body image.
Antenatal determinants of maternal weight gain during pregnancy in nulliparous women of urban and suburban parts of Maharashtra
Authors: Dahake Swati T. , Shaikh Uzma
Published: January 2020

Background: Weight gain in pregnancy remains a matter of great concern for women and health care providers.  Adherence to a balanced diet throughout pregnancy, influences maternal body weight as well as short- and long-term health of mother and child. Objective of this study was to study antenatal maternal and social factors affecting maternal weight gain among Nulliparous women.Methods: study was carried out in antenatal clinics of tertiary care hospital and a suburban health center with sample size 197 and 97 respectively. Maternal weight was measured at the first antenatal clinic visit and at delivery. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 20. Statistical tests used were mean, percentages and chi square.Results: The antenatal determinants of maternal weight gain were: being underweight at the booking visit, maternal complications during pregnancy, passive cigarette smoking during third trimester, low educational level and low per capita income, controlling for the effect of gestational age.Conclusions: maternal educational level, per capital income, passive smoking, caloric and protein deficiency, early pregnancy body mass index determines the weight gain during pregnancy.
Assessment of nutritional and physical activity status of children in a selected school of district Dehradun
Authors: Singh Ritu , Upadhyai Neha , Ohri Puneet , Luthra Megha
Published: January 2020

Background: Adequate levels of physical activity combined with a balanced diet are two essential components of healthy lifestyle. Healthy eating and physical activity habits formed during childhood can persist into adulthood and prevent or delay premature onset of a number of chronic diseases.Methods: Present cross-sectional study was carried out using a questionnaire-based interview. It was conducted among school going children of age 8 years to 18 years. A total of 318 students were included in the study by means of total enumeration from class 2nd to class 12th of a selected school of field practice area conducted from July 2019 to September 2019.Results: The total of 318 students participated in the study. Majority of the respondents were involved in Moderate to vigorous physical activity (40.3%). Moreover, majority were found to be normal on the basis of stunting, wasting and body mass index for age 80.2%, 79.2%, 64.4% respectively.Conclusions: Physical activity level was found to be low as the age of children advanced. In female students the level of physical activity was low to moderate as compared to male students. Solutions to improve physical activity and nutritional status in children need to be incorporated for Indian schools’ curricula.
A study on contraceptive use among women attending immunization clinic at McGann teaching hospital, Shimoga
Authors: Gaonkar Nitin S. , Koppad Raghavendraswamy , N. H. Sridevi
Published: January 2020

Background: India is the first country to implement National family planning programme in 1952. Use of contraceptives can prevent at least 25% of all maternal deaths by allowing women to prevent unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions, and protect themselves from sexually transmitting diseases. Even though there is wide availability of various types of contraceptives, the rate of population growth and unplanned pregnancies is still high. The acceptance and knowledge of contraceptive methods varies within the societies and factors responsible operate at the individual, family and community level.Methods: A hospital based, cross-sectional study was conducted during August 2018 at McGann Hospital, Shimoga. The study sample included 200 women in the age group of 20 to 40 years attending immunization clinic with their children. Informed consent was taken from the subjects after explaining the purpose of the study to them. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data by face-to-face interview of the study participants.Results: Out of 200 women 51% were aged between 20 to 24 years of age. Majority (72%) were Hindus. 67.5% were currently using contraception. Among acceptors of family planning 42.3% had undergone tubectomy. OCP was the most commonly used temporary method of contraception. Age of the woman, religion, education, husband’s education and number of children were found to be significantly associated with contraceptive usage.Conclusions: Factors influencing fertility and contraceptive practices should be properly assessed and addressed. Newly married couples should be motivated for accepting spacing methods.
Perception of smoking habits and related diseases among society
Authors: Gupta Utkarsh , Agarwal Rajat , Agarwal Rajesh , Kumar Amit , Sharma Divyendu
Published: January 2020

Background: Smoking is practiced by a third of world’s population. Tobacco is leading cause of deaths world over. Six million people (1/8 second) die from tobacco each year. Objective of this study was to study demographic profile and awareness regarding tobacco smoking among people of Rohilkhand, Bareilly.Methods: Randomly selected individuals of Rohilkhand region. Questionnaire method involved.Results: Among 1040 sample size, 70% were males with mean age of 37.68 years. 73.94% population belonged to upper lower socio-economic class. 52% (62.9% male and 26.6% females) were current smokers of which 60.6% were exclusive beedi smokers. 50% were unaware of oral and lung cancer due to smoking. 34% were unaware about effects of passive smoking. 48.48% smokers report cough with expectoration as commonest symptom. 60% finds peer group influential for the behavior. 76.9% smokers are willing to quit smoking. 63.4% are open for counseling. 26% were unaware of ban/law related to smoking in public places. 68% believe there is increasing trend in prevalence of its use, among minors, educational institutes and hospitals.Conclusions: Despite high awareness of ill effects of smoking, there is an increasing trend in prevalence of smoking with an increased involvement of minors attributed to peer pressure. People are unaware of passive smoking and its harmful effect on body. Moreover, advertisements, visuals and captions have failed in making an impact. There occurs a need of awareness programmes, intervention sessions, medical therapy and strict anti-smoking laws by the government, social welfare and healthcare volunteers to help people quit and control the menace in society.
Muzyka liturgiczna w krakowskim kościele Bożego Ciała w II połowie XVII wieku w świetle księgi wydatków zakrystii (1616-1668)
Authors: Grajewski Czesław
Published: January 2020

W Archiwum kościoła pw. Bożego Ciała w Krakowie znajduje się księga rachunkowa (Expensa pecuniae) prowadzona przez zakrystianów w latach 1616-1668. Autor artykułu przeanalizował te zapisy, które dotyczą wydatków na muzykę kościelną. Zakonnicy płacili śpiewakom, instrumentalistom za uświetnienie muzykom liturgii. Artykuł dotyczy zapisów w drugiej połowie wieku XVII, szczególnie okresu po najeździe szwedzkim do roku 1668. Dokument jest dowodem wysokiej kultury muzycznej kultywowanej w klasztorze krakowskim.
Ślady Boga w stworzonym świecie. Teologia natury a nauczanie Kościoła i przepowiadanie na tematy ekologiczne
Authors: Biniek Rafał
Published: January 2020

Encyklika papieża Franciszka Laudato si' pokazuje, jak duże znaczenie dla Kościoła naszych czasów mają tematy ekologiczne. Nie powinno ich zabraknąć również w przepowiadaniu słowa Bożego. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na to wyzwanie w oparciu o teologię natury, polegającą na poszukiwaniu śladów Boga w świecie. Jej punktem wyjścia jest teologiczne pojęcie natury jako stworzenia oraz idea uniwersalnego objawienia się Boga w stworzonym świecie. Po omówieniu głównych założeń teologii natury przedstawione zostały etyczne konsekwencje takiego ujęcia (ochrona przyrody jako obowiązek religijny wynikający z wiary w Boga jako Stworzyciela świata) oraz wskazówki dotyczące możliwości wykorzystania impulsów wypływających z teologii natury w kościelnym przepowiadaniu.
The effects of captan and captafol on different bacterial strains and on c-mitosis in V79 Chinese hamster fibroblasts.
Authors: Rahden-Staroń I , Szumiło M , Ziemkiewicz P
Published: January 2020

The mutagenic activity of captan and captafol was tested using Ames strains and strains showing an SOS response. Captafol was mutagenic in S. typhimurium strain TA102 (uvr+) and captan in strain TA104 (uvrB). Both captan and captafol elicit damages in DNA recognized by correndonuclease II, as shown by the repair test, and induced the SOS repair system in E. coli PQ37 (uvrA) strain. Only captafol induced the SOS system in PQ35 (uvr+). The lack of induction of beta-galactosidase at nonpermissive temperature in E. coli MD332 (dnaCs uvrA) strain showed that neither chemical was able to produce DNA breaks. In V79 Chinese hamster fibroblasts higher induction of c-mitosis by captafol than by captan (22% and 15% over the control, respectively) was accompanied by a higher decrease in nonprotein sulfhydryl groups, mainly GSH (41% and 77%, respectively). The content of protein sulfhydryl groups was decreased by either fungicide to a similar extent.
Evolutionary conservation of the transcribed spacer sequences of the rDNA repeat unit in three species of the genus Aspergillus.
Authors: Borsuk P , Gniadkowski M , Kucharski R , Bisko M , Kanabus M , Stepień P P , Bartnik E
Published: January 2020

We have cloned and sequenced the two intervening transcribed spacers in the rDNA repeat unit of three Aspergillus species--A. nidulans, A. awamori and A. wentii. The A. wentii and A. awamori spacers are almost identical and share a high degree of homology with the A. nidulans spacers. All spacers have a high G-C content (66%-76%) and the potential of forming complex secondary structures, which may indicate that they play a role in the maturation of pre-rRNA molecules.
Política minera comparativa entre Argentina y Ecuador
Authors: Tapia Mariana Del Valle
Published: January 2020

ResumenLa expansión de las fronteras extractivas por la explotación minera genera una contradicción entre la razón global y la local. En tal sentido, el Estado Nacional asume un rol ambiguo y de permanente tensión entre la fusión de acumulación (inserción internacional) y la legitimidad estatal, en particular, ante la resistencia de los movimientos sociales frente a relaciones sociales desiguales, excluyentes y no democráticas que se presentan en los escenarios locales. Cabe destacar que los recursos naturales se encuentran enclavados espacialmente, y si bien su explotación es de interés nacional, el proceso extractivo afecta a la vida y los entornos locales. Por ello, en el presente artículo se pretende analizar la trayectoria de la política redistributiva minera de manera comparativa entre dos modelos de Estados (federal y unitario), en dos países con políticas mineras distintas: Argentina y Ecuador.Palavras clave: Política minera. Estado. Relaciones intergubernamentales. Regalías mineras. ResumoA expansão das fronteiras extrativistas pelo modelo extrativista de mineração gera uma contradição entre a razão global e local. A este respeito, o governo nacional assume um papel ambíguo e de permanente tensão entre a fusão de acumulação (inserção internacional) e a legitimidade do Estado, em particular, frente a resistência dos movimentos sociais contra as relações sociais desiguais, excludentes e antidemocráticas que aparecem em cenários locais. Cabe destacar que os recursos naturais estão espacialmente interligados e, embora sua exploração seja de interesse nacional, o processo extrativo afeta a vida e a sociedade local. Por tanto, neste artigo pretendemos analisar a natureza da política redistributiva de mineração comparando dois modelos de Estados (federais e unitário) em dois países com diferentes trajetórias de mineração: Argentina e Equador.Palavras-chave: Política de mineração. Estado. Relações intergovernamentais. Royalties de mineração.AbstractThe expansion of Mining´s extractive borders generates a contradiction between the global and local reasons. Thereby, the National State assumes an ambiguous role of permanent tension between the fusion of accumulation (inclusion international) and State legitimacy, in particular, against the resistance of social movements facing unequal social relations, exclusionary and nondemocratic that occur in local scenarios. It should be noted that the natural resources are spatially interlocked, and although their exploitation is of national interest, the extractive process affects local life and environments. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the trajectory of redistributive mining policy in a comparative way between two States (federal and unitary) models, in two countries with different mining paths: Argentina and Ecuador.Keywords: Mining policy. Intergovernmental relations. State and mining royalties.
La “megarregión arizona-sonora” como zona específica de intensa acumulación (zeia) en el espacio global para la expansión del capital transnacional de la frontera México-Estados Unidos
Authors: Palacios Juan Manuel Sandoval
Published: January 2020

ResumenEn este artículo analizo cómo se ha confgurado una Zona Específca de Intensa Acumulación (ZEIA) en el corredor Phoenix-Tucson (Arizona) / HermosilloGuaymas (Sonora), vía un ajuste espacial dentro del Espacio Global para la expansión del capital transnacional de la frontera México-Estados Unidos, en la cual se concentran diversos megaproyectos de infraestructura para la producción industrial de bienes de alta tecnología –en los sectoresautomotriz y aeroespacial-, y para procesos extractivos, principalmente de minerales metálicos como el cobre, el molibdeno, el oro y la plata; y no metálicos, como el grafto y wollastonita. Este proceso se enmarca en el contexto de la reestructuración del capitalismo mundial por la crisis estructural del mismo en las décadas de 1970 y 1980, a instancias de la naciente Clase Capitalista Transnacional (CCT) encabezada por la fracción estadounidense de aquélla,y que impulsó la fase actual del capitalismo mediante la dispersión y concentración del capital que globalizaron los circuitos fnancieros y de producción, dando paso a la creación de Espacios Globales para la expansión del capital transnacional en diversas partes del mundo y, dentro de éstas, la  producción de Zonas Específcas de Intensa Acumulación.Palavras clave: Capitalismo global. Expansión. Acumulación. Transnacional. Megaproyectos. Infraestructura.THE ARIZONA-SONORA MEGAREGION: A SPECIFIC ZONE OF INTENSE ACCUMULATION (SZIA) IN THE GLOBAL SPACE FOR EXPANDING TRANSNATIONAL CAPITAL AT THE US-MEXICO BORDERAbstractIn this paper I analyze how a Specific Zone of Intense Accumulation (SZIA) has been created in the Phoenix-Tucson (Arizona) / Hermosillo-Guaymas (Sonora) corridor throughout a spatial fix within the Global Space for Expanding Transnational Capital at the US-Mexico Border. Diverse infrastructure megaprojects for industrial production of high technology goods -in the auto and aerospatial sectors- are concentrated in this SZIA; but also megaprojects for extractive processes, mainly of metallic minerals as copper, molibdem, gold and silver, and non metallic ones such as grafitt and wollastonit. This process is analyzed in the context of the restructuring of world capitalism in the 1970s and 1980s, promoted by the emergent Transnational Capitalist Class led by the US fraction of this Class. This restructuration encouraged global capitalism by dispersing and concentrating capital throughout the globalization of financial and production circuits which produced Global Spaces for expanding transnational capital in diverse regions of the world and, within these Global Spaces Specific Zones of Intense Acummulation were created.Keywords: Global capitalism. Expansion. Accumulation. Transnational. Megaprojects. Infrastructure.
“Novamente aqui em união”: o grupo de oração beata Elena Guerra e os deputados carismáticos no Congresso Nacional
Authors: Pátaro Cristina Satiê de Oliveira , Mezzomo Frank Antonio , Sexugi Fabio Alexandro
Published: January 2020

O artigo discute a apropriação de repartições públicas do Congresso Nacional pordeputados carismáticos desde 2015, para a realização de encontros semanais do Grupo de Oração Beata Elena Guerra. Visando a contextualizar tal rito e o próprio ethos da RCC, selecionamos, como recorte, os encontros realizados em setembro de 2017, por darem maior enfoque à defesa de um modelo tradicional de família, defendido pela Sé Apostólica. A análise das temáticas abordadas e posicionamentos estabelecidos durante os encontros sugerem que oreferido Grupo de Oração – que é também transmitido ao vivo pelas redes sociais – constitui-se não apenas como um rito de louvor e evangelização católica no espaço público, mas possibilita igualmente uma publicização dos deputados e demais atores envolvidos e das pautas que transitam noCongresso Nacional, além de se confgurar como espaço de estratégias e alianças políticas que envolvem até mesmo os agentes de outras denominações religiosas, como os evangélicos. Palavras-chave: Religião. Renovação Carismática Católica. Espaço público.“HERE AGAIN IN UNION”: THE BEATA ELENA GUERRA PRAYER GROUP AND THE CHARISMATIC MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL CONGRESSAbstractThe paper aims at discussing the appropriation of public offices of the National Congress by charismatic deputies since 2015, to hold weekly meetings of the Beata Elena Guerra Prayer Group. By aiming at contextualizing this rite and the ethos of the CCR itself, we selected, as a cutout, the meetings held in September 2017, that give greater focus to the defense of a traditional model of the family, defended by the Apostolic See. The analysis of the themes and positions established during the meetings suggests that the Prayer Group – whichis also live transmitted by social networks – is not only a rite of Catholic praise and evangelization in the public space. It also reinforces the publicity of the deputies and other actors involved as the guidelines that pass in the National Congress, besides of being configured as a space for strategies and political alliances that even involve agents of other religious denominations, such as evangelicals.Keywords: Religion. Catholic Charismatic Renovation. Public space.
Violência, memória e novas gramáticas da resistência: o desastre da Samarco no Rio Doce
Authors: Zhouri Andréa
Published: January 2020

A partir do desastre da Samarco no Rio Doce, em curso desde 2015, o texto reﬂete sobre formas de produção da violência em torno de práticas institucionais e políticas que fazem o neoextrativismo possível no Brasil. Desta forma, aponta para processos como: revisão das leis e desmanche das instituições de proteção ambiental e cuidado com os direitos indígenas, quilombolas e povos tradicionais; deslocamento da política para a polícia, sinalizando as estratégias de criminalização de movimentos sociais, lideranças, mediadores e pesquisadores por parte de grupos transnacionais extrativos e do Estado. Por fm, apresenta novas gramáticas da resistência que, no caso específco, ao atualizarem elementos da tradicionalidade, como as celebrações próprias do catolicismo popular, colocam-se de orma autônoma em relação aos modelos convencionais e burocratizados de atuação política sob disciplinamento do Estado e do mercado. Para fazer esta análise, o texto aciona o princípio heurístico da variação de escalas que entrelaça processos globais, nacionais e locais na reprodução de violências históricas que, por outro lado, fazem emergir novos esforços de subjetivação nos territórios.Palavras-chave: Desastre. Mineração. Violência. Resistência. Rio Doce.VIOLENCE, MEMORY AND NEW FORMS OF RESISTANCE: THE SAMARCO DISASTER IN THE RIO DOCEAbstractBased on the Samarco disaster, ongoing in the Rio Doce since 2015, the article reflects about forms of violence production around institutional and political practices that make neo-extractivism possible in Brazil.Thus, it points to processes such as the revision of laws and the dismantling of environmental protection institutions and agencies responsible for policies related to indigenous, quilombolas and traditional peoples rights; the displacement of politics to the police, signaling the strategies of criminalization of social movements, mediators and researchers by transnational extractive groups and the State. Finally, it presents new modalities of resistance that, in this ethnographic case, by updating elements of traditionality, such as the celebrations proper to popular Catholicism, stand for autonomy in face of the conventional models of political action under both market and State discipline. To make this analysis, the text triggers the heuristic principle of scale variation that intertwines global, national and local processes in the reproduction of historical patterns of violence that, on the other hand, give rise to new efforts of subjectivation in the territories.Keywords: Disaster. Mining. Violence. Resistance. Rio Doce.
Zwizualizowany imperializm i narodowa identyfikacja. Kilka przykładów kościelnego malarstwa w Gruzji od 1801 do 1918 roku
Authors: Khosroshvili Tamar
Published: January 2020

W różnych okresach chrześcijańskie malarstwo naścienne wizualizowało różnoraki stosunek do programów, obrazów, ikonografii i było blisko połączone z religijną identyfikacją społeczeństwa. Pod wpływem rozwoju nacjonalizmu w Gruzji w połowie XIX w. malarstwo naścienne również zaczęło odpowiadać potrzebom identyfikacji narodowej. Ramy czasowe artykułu zakreślają najważniejsze wydarzenia z historii tego kraju, takie jak podbój Wschodniej Gruzji przez Imperium Rosyjskie w 1801 r. i proklamowanie niepodległości przez Demokratyczną Republikę Gruzji w 1918 r. Pomiędzy tymi dwoma wydarzeniami w Gruzji powstało wiele malowideł sakralnych. Niektóre z nich miały na celu promowanie poczucia przynależności do Rosji i służyły konsolidacji władzy imperium nad podbitym krajem. Inne odzwierciedlały idee i aspiracje gruzińskiego nacjonalizmu. Różniły się one od średniowiecznych realizacji, ukazując wzrastające zainteresowanie narodowymi świętymi i wydarzeniami z historii gruzińskiego chrześcijaństwa. W artykule omówiono najbardziej znaczące ich przykłady.
MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN STRATEGIS DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN MADRASAH DINIYAH TAKMILIYAH AWWALIYAH NURUL MANNAN DESA BANJAR BARAT KECAMATAN GAPURA KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: Suwantoro Suwantoro , Navlia Rusdiana
Published: January 2020

Education management, especially strategic management will have a positive impact in the process of developing better and more perfect educational institutions. There are three issues that are the main subject of this study, namely: First: How is the head of the madrasa in developing Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah  Nurul Mannan Madrasah Banjar Barat Village, Gapura District, Sumenep Regency? Second: How is the management of strategic education implemented in the Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah  Nurul Mannan Madrasah, Banjar Barat Village, Gapura District, Sumenep District? Third: What are the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of strategic education management in developing Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah  Nurul Mannan Madrasah Banjar Barat Village, Gapura District, Sumenep Regency? This study uses a qualitative approach in the form of descriptive data sources obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The informants were the Head of Madrasah, The Ustazz, and some of the students of the Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah  Nurul Mannan Madrasah Banjar Barat Village, Gapura District, Sumenep Regency. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis, in which to support and strengthen the findings of the data validity check through research persistence, and triangulation.
PENERAPAN KURIKULUM 2013 DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER SISWA DI MA AL-FALAH BRANTA TINGGI TLANAKAN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Fatihah Fatihah , Effendy Moh. Hafid
Published: January 2020

Curriculum becomes one of the most important components in education. It is able to determine how the process of education will be conducted. In this case, curriculum will contribute big impact toward the students’ knowledge, attitude and character. In this research, there are four focuses to be investigated, they are: first, what are the steps of the school principal in implementing the curriculum 2013 as to develop the students’ character at MA Al-Falah Branta Tinggi Tlanakan Pamekasan? Second, what are the teacher’s steps in the learning process to develop the students’ character at MA Al-Falah Branta Tinggi Tlanakan Pamekasan? Third, what are the supporting factors in implementing the curriculum 2013 as to develop the students’ character at MA Al-Falah Branta Tinggi Tlanakan Pamekasan? Fourth, what are the inhibiting factors in implementing the curriculum 2013 as to develop the students’ character at MA Al-Falah Branta Tinggi Tlanakan Pamekasan?
STRATEGI PERSUASIF DALAM PENGEMBANGAN HUBUNGAN SOSIAL RELIGIUS ANTARA SISWA DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN DI LINGKUNGAN MTSN 2 PAMEKASAN
Authors: Usman Jamiludin , Ahsan Mohammad Hidayatul
Published: January 2020

The persuasive strategy in developing religious social relations in schools is needed not only to encourage school members to behave well in the school environment but must be able to instill religious values in the school community until the religious soul is embedded in them to behave both in internal and external environments. This study uses a qualitative phenomenological approach. The results of this study that the strategies carried out by schools are a) activities of greetings at the school gate, the Dhuha prayer in congregation, memorizing juz amma, and the midday prayer. b) the measurement is seen from the attitude of students and student participation in activities. c) how to maintain it by holding Islamic activities. d) the application of growing social sense is increasing. Suggestions for this research are: a) any results obtained by researchers should be a reference for internal improvement for the institution. b) institutions must continue to maintain good social relations between students and educators so that in the future the institution will be more advanced and of good quality. c) routine evaluation of the strategies that have been used.
MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PENDEKATAN PERUBAHAN PERILAKU DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SMP NEGERI 3 PADEMAWU PAMEKASAN
Authors: Nurhadi, M.Pd. Dr. Ali , Yusup Dedi
Published: January 2020

Management in learning must be programmed according to the approach to behavior change in order to increase student motivation. This was done at SMP Negeri 3 Pademawu Pamekasan. This research approach is qualitative with the type of case study research. The results of the first study planning a behavioral change approach in increasing student motivation in Pademawu Pamekasan Middle School 3, including: 1) Teachers use the PAKEM learning model. 2) Implement a system of approaches, giving motivation, uswah or examples and spiritual support, rules in the form of 5S and school order; 3) Application of the rules and regulations of the institutions that get positive responses from students. The second is the application of the behavior change approach in increasing student motivation in Pademawu Pamekasan Middle School 3, including: 1) The teacher provides motivation for students such as order notes and uswah or examples. 2) The teacher uses the PAKEM learning model; and 3) Teachers apply reward and praise strategies for students who excel in both the academic and non-academic fields. These three factors support the behavior change approach in increasing student motivation in Pademawu State Yunior School 3 in increasing student motivation in Pademawu State Pamekasan Yunior School, including: 1) active students in the classroom; 2) The existence of a mosque is also an existing library. While the inhibiting factors, including: 1) If the teacher is too close to students, the student will lower the teacher and students who are naughty will talk more and more without being noticed by students; b) Not all teachers apply the behavior change approach.