bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las edades en la cultura corporal: representaciones en los libros de texto de educación física de Brasil
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-PALOMARES ALBA , REY-CAO ANA ISABEL
Published: November 2017

RESUMEN Este estudio analiza la cultura corporal que se representa en las imágenes de los libros de texto de educación física de Brasil en función de la edad de sus protagonistas. El estudio es de tipo empírico, descriptivo y comparativo. La técnica de investigación fue el análisis de contenido mediante un instrumento de observación elaborado ad hoc. Los resultados arrojaron una representación diferenciada de la cultura corporal en función de la edad y el género. Niñez, adolescencia y juventud son las etapas predominantes. Mujeres y grupos mixtos predominan en la infancia y adolescencia; hombres en la juventud y edad adulta. La juventud se asocia a la práctica deportiva competitiva y de élite. Personas de otras edades realizan deportes individuales y actividades artísticas, en ámbitos no competitivos, espacios no deportivos y sin vinculación con la élite deportiva. La presencia de hombres y mujeres mayores está equilibrada y presenta un enfoque que les otorga importancia.
Valoración de un programa escolar para el desarrollo de habilidades fonológicas en niños españoles
Authors: ORTEGA JOSÉ LUIS GALLEGO , PÉREZ ISABEL ANGUSTIAS GÓMEZ , BLANCO MARIA FERNANDA AYLLÓN
Published: November 2017

RESUMEN Entre los trastornos del habla infantil destacan, por su prevalencia en el contexto educativo, los denominados trastornos fonológicos. A este efecto, se diseñó e implementó un programa escolar con el fin de evaluar sus efectos en el desarrollo fonológico de los niños y comprobar su potencialidad para habilitar su habla. Se seleccionaron cincuenta niños de educación infantil y primaria con trastorno fonológico, los cuales se distribuyeron en dos grupos, uno experimental y otro de control. A partir de un diseño casi experimental pre-test/post-test con grupo control equivalente se observó que el grupo de tratamiento superó al grupo de control en todas las variables, demostrándose la eficacia del programa para el desempeño fonológico de los niños.
O uso da autobiografia na educação de adultos: modos narrativos de valorização e legitimação da experiência profissional
Authors: CALHA ANTÓNIO
Published: November 2017

RESUMO As alterações ocorridas nas últimas décadas no mundo do trabalho têm legitimado o surgimento de políticas de reconhecimento de competências adquiridas em contextos informais e não formais. Em Portugal, o Sistema de Reconhecimento, Validação e Certificação de Competências (RVCC) foi colocado em prática em 2001, adoptando como suporte metodológico o balanço de competências e a abordagem autobiográfica. Neste artigo procuramos analisar o uso da autobiografia no contexto da educação de adultos baseada no reconhecimento de adquiridos experienciais. Olhamos com particular atenção o relato das experiências profissionais procurando identificar as estratégias narrativas que os candidatos utilizam na valorização de suas aprendizagens. Recorrendo a um corpus analítico de cem autobiografias, identificámos a existência de um conjunto de recursos narrativos usados pelos candidatos no relato autobiográfico que, em virtude da natureza do episódio profissional, procura conferir-lhes pertinência à luz do processo.
Prática educativa bem-sucedida na escola: reflexões com base em L. S. Vigotski e Baruch de Espinosa
Authors: MARQUES ELIANA DE SOUSA ALENCAR , CARVALHO MARIA VILANI COSME DE
Published: November 2017

RESUMO O texto reúne parte dos resultados de pesquisa realizada com o objetivo de investigar mediações constitutivas de professores e alunos que desenvolvem com sucesso práticas educativas. O significado de prática educativa bem-sucedida no qual nos apoiamos encontra-se ancorado nas ideias de L. S. Vigotski e do filósofo Baruch de Espinosa. Com base nos teóricos, compreendemos práticas educativas bem-sucedidas aquelas que, além de gerar aprendizagem e desenvolvimento, possibilitam a expansão de afetos alegres que potencializam mentes e corpos humanos. A pesquisa aconteceu entre os anos de 2011 e 2014. Neste artigo, apresentamos parte dos resultados alcançados com os alunos. Esses resultados apontam que, quando são alegres, as vivências educativas convergem para o aumento da potência de ser aluno. O aumento dessa potência reorienta a produção de novos sentidos que alteram de forma significativa a relação dos educandos com os estudos, com a escola e com a vida.
La lucha simbólica por la educación en la globalización neoliberal
Authors: GONZALEZ NOELIA FERNANDEZ
Published: November 2017

RESUMEN En el paso a la postmodernidad, la globalización constituye un proceso complejo que afecta a la configuración del Estado y a las políticas educativas. Lejos de la neutralidad, esta globalización neoliberal ha contribuido a los procesos de híper acumulación de capital, provocando que el Estado se comporte como un Estado competitivo, con menos competencias y obligado a favorecer esos procesos de acumulación. Las políticas educativas tienden también a este objetivo, favoreciendo la instalación de cuasi mercados educativos, como en el caso de España, especialmente con la última ley de reforma educativa de 2013. Estas políticas son resignificas y reapropiadas por individuos y organizaciones, creando eventualmente discursos de resistencia. La educación se convierte así en espacio de disputa simbólica.
Simón Rodríguez y Bolívar: dos lecturas político educativas para América
Authors: DURÁN MAXIMILIANO
Published: November 2017

RESUMEN El presente trabajo se propone discutir una interpretación tradicional sobre las figuras de Bolívar y Rodríguez relativas a la educación del pueblo. De acuerdo con la mayoría de los trabajos académicos escritos existiría una identificación política e intelectual entre Bolívar y Rodríguez. Dicha comunión se expresaría en las ideas que cada uno de ellos sostiene respecto de la educación del pueblo. Este artículo es crítico de esta interpretación tradicional y plantea que las ideas relativas a la educación son bien diferentes en ambos pensadores. A lo largo del trabajo se presentan críticamente los distintos trabajos que plantean esta comunidad de ideas, se analizan las similitudes y diferencias en ambos autores a la luz de los documentos conservados y se propone un momento conclusivo en el que se retoman los ejes centrales del texto.
Epidemiological trends of allergic diseases in adolescents
Authors: Fernandes Silvia de Souza Campos , Andrade Cláudia Ribeiro de , Alvim Cristina Gonçalves , Camargos Paulo Augusto Moreira , Ibiapina Cássio da Cunha
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the prevalences of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescents in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in 2012 by administering the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire, as well as to compare the observed prevalences with those found in studies performed 10 years earlier and employing the same methodology used here. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between May and December of 2012 and involving adolescents in the 13- to 14-year age bracket. Participants were randomly selected from among adolescents studying at public schools in Belo Horizonte and completed the ISAAC questionnaire. Proportions were calculated in order to assess the prevalences of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in the sample as a whole, and the chi-square goodness-of-fit test was used in order to compare the prevalences observed in 2012 with those found in 2002. Results: The prevalences of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in 2012 were 19.8%, 35.3%, and 16.3%, respectively, being significantly higher than those found in 2002 (asthma, p = 0.006; allergic rhinitis, p < 0.01; and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, p = 0.002). Conclusions: The prevalences of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis among adolescents in 2012 were found to be high, having increased in comparison with those found 10 years earlier, despite efforts in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
Lung cancer: changes in histology, gender, and age over the last 30 years in Brazil
Authors: Tsukazan Maria Teresa Ruiz , Vigo Álvaro , Silva Vinícius Duval da , Barrios Carlos Henrique , Rios Jayme de Oliveira , Pinto José Antônio de Figueiredo
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the trends in tumor histology, gender and age among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with lung resection. The histology of lung cancer has changed in developed countries, and there is still little information available on the topic for developing countries. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 1,030 patients with NSCLC treated with lung resection between 1986 and 2015 at a university hospital in southern Brazil. Differences in histology, stage, and type of surgery were analyzed by gender and for three periods (1986-1995, 1996-2005, and 2006-2015). Results: Most (64.5%) of the patients were males, and the main histological types were squamous cell carcinoma (in 40.6%) and adenocarcinoma (in 44.5%). The mean age at surgery during the first period was 56.4 years for women and 58.9 years for men, compared with 62.2 for women and 64.6 for men in the third period (p < 0.001). The proportion of females increased from 26.6% in the first period to 44.1% in the third. From the first to the third period, the proportion of patients with squamous cell carcinoma decreased from 49.6% to 34.8% overall (p < 0.001), decreasing to an even greater degree (from 38.9% to 23.2%) among men. Among the NSCLC patients in our sample, females with adenocarcinoma accounted for 11.9% in the first period and 24.0% in the third period (p < 0.001). Conclusions: As has been seen in developed countries, the rates of lung cancer in females in southern Brazil have been rising over the last three decades, although they have yet to surpass those observed for males in the region. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma has decreased in males, approaching adenocarcinoma rates, whereas adenocarcinoma has significantly increased among women.
Usual interstitial pneumonia: typical, possible, and “inconsistent” patterns
Authors: Torres Pedro Paulo Teixeira e Silva , Rabahi Marcelo Fouad , Moreira Maria Auxiliadora Carmo , Meirelles Gustavo de Souza Portes , Marchiori Edson
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a severe and progressive chronic fibrosing interstitial lung disease, a definitive diagnosis being established by specific combinations of clinical, radiological, and pathological findings. According to current international guidelines, HRCT plays a key role in establishing a diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Current guidelines describe three UIP patterns based on HRCT findings: a typical UIP pattern; a pattern designated “possible UIP”; and a pattern designated “inconsistent with UIP”, each pattern having important diagnostic implications. A typical UIP pattern on HRCT is highly accurate for the presence of histopathological UIP, being currently considered to be diagnostic of UIP. The remaining patterns require further diagnostic investigation. Other known causes of a UIP pattern include drug-induced interstitial lung disease, chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, occupational diseases (e.g., asbestosis), and connective tissue diseases, all of which should be included in the clinical differential diagnosis. Given the importance of CT studies in establishing a diagnosis and the possibility of interobserver variability, the objective of this pictorial essay was to illustrate all three UIP patterns on HRCT.
Frequency of COPD in health care workers who smoke
Authors: Kopitovic Ivan , Bokan Aleksandar , Andrijevic Ilija , Ilic Miroslav , Marinkovic Sanja , Milicic Dragana , Vukoja Marija
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: COPD is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Health care providers should counsel their smoking patients with COPD to quit smoking as the first treatment step. However, in countries with high prevalences of smoking, health care workers may also be smokers. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and severity of COPD in health care workers who smoke. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. All health care workers who smoke, from nine health care centers in Serbia, were invited to participate in the study and perform spirometry. The diagnosis of COPD was based on a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio of < 0.70. All patients completed the COPD Assessment Test and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Results: The study involved 305 subjects, and 47 (15.4%) were male. The mean age of the participants was 49.0 ± 6.5 years. Spirometry revealed obstructive ventilatory defect in 33 subjects (10.8%); restrictive ventilatory defect, in 5 (1.6%); and small airway disease, in 96 (31.5%). A diagnosis of COPD was made in 29 patients (9.5%), 25 (86.2%) of whom were newly diagnosed. On the basis of the Global Initiative for COPD guidelines, most COPD patients belonged to groups A or B (n = 14; 48.2%, for both); 1 belonged to group D (3.6%); and none, to group C. Very high nicotine dependence was more common in those with COPD than in those without it (20.7% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.01). Conclusions: In this sample of health care workers, the frequency of COPD was comparable with that in the general population. The presence of COPD in health care workers who smoke was associated with higher nicotine dependence.
Current use and acceptability of novel diagnostic tests for active tuberculosis: a worldwide survey
Authors: Amicosante Massimo , D’Ambrosio Lia , Munoz Marcela , Mello Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz , Tebruegge Marc , Chegou Novel Njweipi , Seghrouchni Fouad , Centis Rosella , Goletti Delia , Bothamley Graham , Migliori Giovanni Battista
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the current use and potential acceptance (by tuberculosis experts worldwide) of novel rapid tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis that are in line with World Health Organization target product profiles. Methods: A multilingual survey was disseminated online between July and November of 2016. Results: A total of 723 individuals from 114 countries responded to the survey. Smear microscopy was the most commonly used rapid tuberculosis test (available to 90.9% of the respondents), followed by molecular assays (available to 70.7%). Only a small proportion of the respondents in middle- and low-income countries had access to interferon-gamma-release assays. Serological and lateral flow immunoassays were used by more than a quarter (25.4%) of the respondents. Among the respondents who had access to molecular tests, 46.7% were using the Xpert assay overall, that proportion being higher in lower middle-income countries (55.6%) and low-income countries (76.6%). The data also suggest that there was some alignment of pricing for molecular assays. Respondents stated they would accept novel rapid tuberculosis tests if available, including molecular assays (acceptable to 86.0%) or biomarker-based serological assays (acceptable to 81.7%). Simple biomarker-based assays were more commonly deemed acceptable in middle- and low-income countries. Conclusions: Second-generation molecular assays have become more widely available in high- and low-resource settings. However, the development of novel rapid tuberculosis tests continues to be considered important by tuberculosis experts. Our data also underscore the need for additional training and education of end users.
Human Parechovirus A conventional nested genotyping RT-PCR ["Harvala assay"; 2008-2015] v2
Authors: M Mackay Ian
Published: November 2017

I and my team used this assaybetween 2008-2015; we dubbed it the "Harvala assay". It produces an amplicon that includes the 3' end of VP3 and the 5' end of VP1, spanning the junction. In silicosequence alignments indicated the highly degenerate olignucleotides could theoretically detect af least HPeV 1-7, 17 and 18.
Idiom Understanding and Teaching: Do We Need to Assume a Target Culture?
Authors: Bouherar Salim
Published: November 2017

This paper argues that learning idioms can be more effective when assuming first language cultural contexts because easier access to relevant contextual assumptions from first language context reduces processing loads and makes learning easier. This is also consistent with Winkler’s (2012) view that learning can have better results when it takes place in an environment that corresponds to learners’ needs. This paper reports on results from a pilot study with participants in the UK and Algeria who are teachers and learners of English as a second and foreign language. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with UK and Algerian teachers to know about their current teaching practice. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with learners who worked with some teaching materials. Learners were assigned into two groups, both taught idioms in English by the same teacher for a four-week period. In group 1, participants worked with teaching materials which assumed first language cultural contexts however in group 2 students worked with teaching materials that assumed target cultural context. All students were tested pre- and post the four-week study. The results revealed that students’ and teacher’s attitudes to the first language culture activities were positive but the language tests did not provide evidence of significant differences between the two groups.
English Language Teaching Approaches: A Comparison of the Grammar-translation, Audiolingual, Communicative, and Natural Approaches
Authors: Matamoros-González Jessenia A. , Rojas María Asunción , Romero Johanna Pizarro , Vera-Quiñonez Sara , Soto Sandy T.
Published: November 2017

This work compares four of the most widely used teaching approaches in foreign language contexts; Grammar-Translation, Audiolingual, Communicative, and Natural Approaches. For the comparison, seven features were considered; supporting theories, creation purpose, materials and techniques used, and the roles of teachers, students, and students´ mother tongue in the teaching-learning process. A checklist was created to provide a visual representation of the characterization of the features compared in each approach. Several texts and articles were reviewed to be accurate in the characterization of the information. The results show that the characteristics of each approach were determined for the epoch in which they were proposed and promoted. Some characteristics such as the use of books overlapped all approaches compared in this work; others were unique to certain approaches, supporting theories, for instance; and, others were common in two or three approaches, as in the case of the use of conversations and the role of learners as active learners, to cite some examples.
A Study on Zeng Hu’s Translation of The Thorn Birds from the Perspective of Chesterman’s Norm Theory
Authors: Ma Chengyi
Published: November 2017

Based on the norm theory of Toury and Hermans, Chesterman makes a further development on the study of translation norms. In his theory, translation norms fall into two categories: expectancy norms and professional norms. Expectancy norms are from the expectations of target readers and influenced by the economic, political and cultural factors of the target society. Professional norms manipulate the translation process and are subject to expectancy norms. Professional norms can be further divided into accountability norms, communication norms and relation norms. Chesterman’s norm theory covers the ethical, social and skill norms during the whole translation process, which has great significance for translation studies and practice. The author of this paper has conducted an overall study on The Thorn Birds translated by Zeng Hu from the perspective of Chesterman’s norm theory, aiming to analyze the translator’s conformity to these norms and how these norms influence his translation. It can be concluded that translation is a norm-governed activity. During the translation of The Thorn Birds, the translator Zeng Hu has, in his own way, ingeniously conformed to the translation norms by Chesterman: he not only conforms to the expectancy norms by adopting different translation strategies and styles according to the target readers’ needs, but also applies professional norms to make his translation work well accepted by readers and enjoy lasting popularity. Thus, it can be seen that the instructional and normative effects of translation norms is of vital importance to the success of a translation.
The Effect of IELTS Listening Strategy Use on the Reduction of IELTS Listening Test Anxiety and on IELTS Listening Performance
Authors: Tabrizi Ali Reza Nemat , Ranjbar Mahnaz
Published: November 2017

The study investigates the impact of IELTS listening strategy use on the reduction of listening test anxiety and on the listening performance of the IELTS test takers in light of the data of 80 participants on the pretest and post-test IELTS listening along with the participants' score on pre-anxiety and post anxiety scale. So, drawing on the instruments including a proficiency test, pre/post-test, anxiety questionnaire, materials for strategy instruction, the participants were randomly divided into two groups: Control Group and Experimental Group, each including 40 participants. As per the procedure, after tackling their pre-listening performance and pre-anxiety score, one group was treated with IELTS-Listening related strategies and the other group was not treated, but both were administered listening test. The results of the study indicated that those treated with IELTS strategy outperformed ( t (78) = 4.57, p = .000, r = .460 ) those receiving no listening-related strategy. Furthermore, the results of a t-test run on the post-test of the groups anxiety arrived at a statistically significant difference (t (78) = 5.77, p = .000, r = .547), representing that the control group outperformed the experimental group. Also, Pearson Correlation done for finding out a potential relationship between anxiety and listening performance indicated a negative and weak to moderate relationship ((r (78) = -.26, p = .020). The pedagogical implications of the study are in detailed argued.
The Relationship between Big-Five Personality Traits, English Language Proficiency Scores on IELTS, and Academic Success of Iranian Foreign Students
Authors: Erfani Shiva Seyed , Mardan Hoda
Published: November 2017

There is a potential to supply personality as a psychological factor in terms of the Big-Five Model including Extraversion, Agreeableness, Consciousness, Openness to Experience, and Neuroticism. This study was an attempt to examine the relationship between Big-Five personality traits, English language proficiency scores on IELTS, and academic success of Iranian foreign students. The participants of the study included 202 Iranian students (126 males and 76 females) who studied at English speaking universities in different countries including Armenia, Austria, Australia, Canada, Cyprus, Germany, Hungary, India, Italy, Malaysia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Sweden, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, Ukraine, and the United States of America. The necessary data for this study were collected from participants' first-semester academic reports to measure the degree of academic achievement, academic IELTS certificates to determine the language proficiency of candidates, as well as International Personality Item Pool Big-Five inventory to identify the participants’ personality traits. The data were gathered via different communication tools. The correlational analyses showed that there were significant relationships amongst personality traits and Iranian foreign students’ language proficiency. Neuroticism was the only psychological trait, negatively correlated with both language proficiency and academic success of Iranian foreign students. The study also revealed that there was a high correlation between the scores on IELTS and academic success of Iranian foreign students. Finally, multiple regression analysis indicated the causality among the Big-Five personality traits, English language proficiency score on IELTS, and academic success of Iranian foreign students. These bear testimony to the idea of cognitive approach in that one’s underlying mental processes are in charge of second language learning process.
The Theoretical Interpretation of EFL Teacher’s Professional Development from the Perspective of Sociocultural Theory
Authors: Shi Hui
Published: November 2017

The sociocultural theory offers a theoretical and methodological ways to explore the relationship between the macro-structure of sociocultural model and the micro-structure of individual context of EFL (English as a foreign language)teachers. It provides a unique perspective to investigate the dialogic processes on the construction of EFL teachers’ professional development. Thus, the article focuses on the four core concepts of sociocultural theory that mediation, internalization, the zone of proximal development and activity theory to interpretate the EFL teachers’ professional development.
A Contrastive Study of Conceptual Metaphor in Chinese and American Courtroom Discourse
Authors: Han Xiao
Published: November 2017

Based on the corpora of 20 Chinese cases from Court Insession and 20 American cases from Famous Trials, the current study aimed to to apply Conceptual Metaphor Theory to carry out a contrastive analysis of the main conceptual metaphors between the two countries’ corpora and further explore the reasons for selecting the same and different conceptual metaphors in the two courtroom discourses. By analyzing the two countries’ corpora, the result showed that life experience and the way of thinking are the main reasons for similarities of the conceptual metaphors between Chinese and American courtroom discourses, while cultural connotation and social environment account for the dissimilarities of the conceptual metaphors in Chinese and American courtroom discourses.
The Relationship between Linguistic Intelligence and Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic Preferences of Iranian EFL Learners
Authors: Zoghi Rashideh
Published: November 2017

Many factors including the learners’ individual personality factors and their sociocultural backgrounds, attitudes to learning the new language, intelligence quotient, and personal learning styles and preferences are involved in the process of second/foreign language learning. The present study attempted to examine the relationship between learners’ linguistic intelligence and their visual, audio, and kinaesthetic (VAK) preferences by formulating three null hypotheses. In order to test the hypotheses, a total number of 100 Iranian female high school-level EFL learners in Tabriz were selected through cluster sampling. The participants took a linguistic intelligence test and responded to a VAK preference questionnaire to obtain data about their linguistic intelligence and VAK preferences. The statistical analysis of the obtained data led to the rejection of all three null hypotheses indicating a significant relationship between the learners’ linguistic intelligence and their VAK preferences. The relationship between linguistic intelligence and auditory preferences turned out to be negative and reverse. These results indicated that in order to increase teaching efficiency, the language educators should try to prepare and use instructional materials suiting the learners’ visual, auditory, and kinaesthetic preferences, indicating the need for individualized language instruction. The findings have implications for curriculum developers and syllabus designers as well as educational policy makers.
Different Associations of Animal Words in English and Chinese and the Relevant Translation Strategies
Authors: Wang Fade , Zhang Minglan
Published: November 2017

There are a large number of phrases containing animal words both in English and Chinese. However, many associative meanings concerning animal words existing in English and Chinese cultures are different or even opposite due to historical and cultural differences. In order to translate relevant phrases correctly, translator should know the different associations of animal words in English and Chinese. This paper aims at pointing out associative differences of a large quantity of animal words in English and Chinese as well as dealing with translation of animal idioms and relevant phrases with domestication, foreignization, and domestication or foreignization plus explanation so as to reach dynamic equivalence of source language and target language in translation.
Construct Under-representation and Construct Irrelevant Variances on IELTS Academic Writing Task 1: Is There Any Threat to Validity?
Authors: Alavi Seyyed Mohammad , Masjedlou Ali Panahi
Published: November 2017

The study reports on the validity of IELTS Academic Writing Task One (IAWTO) and compares and assesses the performance descriptors, i.e., coherence and cohesion, lexical resource and grammatical range, employed on IAWTO and IELTS Academic Writing Task Two (IAWTT). To these objectives, the data used were 53 participants' responses to graphic prompts driven by IELTS scoring rubrics, descriptive prompt, and retrospective, rather than concurrent, think-aloud protocols for detecting the cognitive validity of responses. The results showed that IAWTO input was degenerate and insufficient, rendering the construct under-represented, i.e., narrowing the construct. It was also found that IAWTO displayed to be in tune with cognitive difficulty of diagram analysis and the intelligence-based design of the process chart, rather than bar chart, being thus symmetrical with variances irrelevant to construct; this is argued to be biased to one group: Leading to under-performance of one group in marked contrast to over-performance of another group. Added to that, qualitative results established on instructors' protocols were suggestive of the dominance of performance descriptors on IAWTT rather than on IAWTO. The pedagogical implications of this study are further argued.
A Critical Discourse Study of Chinese Professors' Image Construction in Microblogging Discourse
Authors: Mao Weiwei
Published: November 2017

With the aim of elaborating what and how Chinese professors' identities are constructed in microblogging discourse, through high-frequency words, collocates and concordance lines, the present study analyzes the ideologies, the academic and moral image of professor behind the collected microblogging data posted on Sina Weibo with topic of "'Mistress Gate' in Fudan University". The results suggest that: (1) Under the new media, Weibo, network catchwords are growing popular and tucao (revealing the inside story) is full of violence. (2) Although most of the netizens hold decent ethics and values, they go emotional easily. (3) A series of negative cases in the media have already made "professor" who usually has a relatively decent social status have a negative connotation.
The Relationship between Willingness to Communicate and Vocabulary Learning Strategies among Iranian EFL Learners
Authors: Marzban Amir , Firoozjahantigh Mojgan
Published: November 2017

Two of the variables apparently contributing to the processes of EFL achievement are Willingness to Communicate (WTC) and Vocabulary Learning Strategies (VLS). They seem to be fundamental among Iranian EFL learners due to the fact that semantics and its backbone—vocabulary—as well as the incentive or motivation, Willingness to Communicate (WTC)—influence the progress and improvement of the proficiency of Iranian EFL learners. Moreover, the review of literature clarifies the fact that few studies have tried to open up the relationship between these two variables, i.e. WTC and VLS. Hence, the present study explored the relationship between the WTC and VLS among Iranian EFL learners. Based on this, 137 intermediate Iranian EFL learners who were studying in a language institute in Tehran were selected as the participants of the study. They were asked to fill out two questionnaires including WTC and VLS. The finding indicated that there is a significant correlation between the two variables. The study provided some pedagogical implications for those who are concerned with language learning and teaching including language teachers, teacher trainers, syllabus designers, and EFL learners.
An Interpretation of the Chinese American Novel “Been There, Done That” from the Perspective of Initiation Story
Authors: Zhu Sha
Published: November 2017

Growth has always been a long, long journey, for everyone. But for one special group, the emigrants, they experience “the journey to the west” and we can have a deeper understanding of their growth by reading relevant books that have a vivid description of their life. Been There, Done That is an autobiographical initiation novel that is written by a young girl Katharine Wang who emigrated to the U.S.A with her parents when she was very young. This novel presents us the rich and colorful high school life of three young emigrants and their friends. These young emigrants were confronted with two diverse cultures, which made their growth tinted with unique characteristics that were quite different from those settled in native soil. The paper aims at analyzing the growth of these young emigrants through three different perspectives, that is, cognitive journey of colorful activities, emotional journey of kinship, friendship and relationship and spirtual journey of ethnic identity. A probe into their distinct cross-cultural growth will not only be conducive to the growth of countless emigrants, but also beneficial to all the teenagers’ growth on the whole.
Analysis on the Role and Functions of Teachers, Teaching Materials and Learners in the Multimedia-aided English Classroom—Based on the Study of Linfen No.1 Senior School
Authors: Zhang Le
Published: November 2017

Recently, with the development of network and technologies, the traditional teacher-centered mode is gradually losing its main status. Multimedia-assisted foreign language teaching is becoming the most popular way of teaching. At present, computer based multimedia is broadly used in classrooms. Multimedia-aided English teaching can introduce video, figure, and text into teaching practice, and improve English teaching efficiency. Teachers, teaching materials and learners, as the three main elements in English teaching, play an essential part in classroom. Although relevant surveys have been done investigating English classroom under the conventional educational mode, very few people have thought the change of the three elements more specific. Therefore, the paper talks about the difference between the conventional educational model and multimedia-aided teaching method in English classroom. The author takes the teachers and students in Linfen NO.1 senior school as the research object, aiming to study the role and the interrelationship of the three. Through interviews, classroom observation and questionnaire, the thesis concisely summarizes the role and functions of the three elements in Linfen NO.1 senior school. It is a rational analysis and summary of multimedia-assisted English teaching theoretically and practically. Thus it will be helpful for the improvement of English teaching effect.
The Effect of NLP (Accelerated Learning) on Iranian EFL Learner’s Listening Comprehension
Authors: Khalandi Chnour , Zoghi Rashideh
Published: November 2017

the present study was an attempt to investigate the impact of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) strategies and specifically Accelerated Learning on Iranian EFL learner's listening comprehension and detailed listening. To fulfill the purpose of this study, a total number of 30 Iranian EFL learners studying as Cambridge ESOL KET students were selected through stratified sampling procedure. They were divided in two control and experimental groups with 10 and 20 learners in each group respectively. Each group took a VAK questionnaire, a pre –test and a treatment process of 12 sessions and a posttest. In the experimental group the teacher conducted a set of short videos and mixed methods based on Accelerated Learning as one of neuro linguistic programming techniques. In control group a set of limited short videos conducted. On the last session, the participants of both groups took a post- test to measure their achievement of listening comprehension and detailed listening. This research suggests that accelerated learning is much more dynamic and has a significant effect on listening comprehension, detailed listening and, different learning styles, which hypothesizes that all VAK learner's language processing follow one another in a strictly accelerated manner. Statistically, the effect of accelerated learning on visual, auditory and kinesthetic learner's listening comprehension is 87, 93 and 85 percent respectively.
Prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas detectadas al nacimiento en un hospital de segundo nivel en Sinaloa
Authors: Calderón-Alvarado Ana Beatriz , Rojas-Villegas María del Sagrario , Dehesa-López Edgar
Published: November 2017

INTRODUCCIÓN: la prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas (MC) detectadas al nacimiento es de 2 a 5.5 neonatos vivos, variando significativamente según las características de la población y metodología del estudio. OBJETIVO: determinar la prevalencia y tipos de MC en los recién nacidos atendidos por el servicio de neonatología en un periodo de un año. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio transversal. Se revisaron expedientes clínicos de recién nacidos vivos atendidos en el servicio de neonatología de nuestra institución durante el año 2015. Se incluyeron neonatos con alteraciones morfológicas detectadas al nacimiento y/o antes del alta hospitalaria, referidas en el expediente. RESULTADOS: se detectaron 117 MC en 98 neonatos, de un total de 4,097 estudiados, obteniendo una prevalencia de 2.39% en el análisis por individuo y de 2.85%, tomando en cuenta el total de MC. Los aparatos y sistemas más afectados fueron: genitourinario (29.1%), osteomuscular (21.4%) y circulatorio (16.2%). Las MC más frecuentes fueron: criptorquidia (14.5%), hipospadias (12.8%) y anquiloglosia (10.3%).CONCLUSIÓN: la tasa de prevalencia de MC fue de 23.9 por 1,000 recién nacidos vivos, lo cual coincide con la reportada en el resto del mundo, siendo el aparato genitourinario el más afectado y la criptorquidia la MC más frecuente en nuestra población.
How contribute strategic corporate brand management model? : Thai SMEs context
Authors: Kamkankaew Pongsiri , Thanitbenjasith Phithagorn , Sribenjachote Suteera
Published: November 2017

Strategic corporate brand management (SCBM) and corporate performance are especially meaningful to become a new support management concept for SMEs today. However, SMEs less is served to how SCBM conceptualizing brought in order that it may produce the high effectiveness CP and their conceptualizing has not been still investigated appropriately, especially the SMEs of Thailand context. This paper seeks to develop a conceptual model for SCBM towards on SMEs corporate performance in Thailand. Drawing on reconsidering and analyzing the theoretical and empirical research are addressed the model.  Based on the result provide that SCBM concentrating on the SMEs corporate performance pointedly the effect of distinctiveness, closely with firm characteristics, entrepreneurship, corporate brand element and competitive environment. The developed model devoted to great recognize the role of SCBM and how to enlarge the assistance of Thai SMEs corporate performance. Moreover, this paper increases to the previous research in which the attachment between other factors with SCBM was synthesized. The model advances to SCBM study by essence one of the SMEs development notions. In sum, it is recommended that Thai SMEsâ€™ entrepreneur should be accentuating more for their firm characteristics, entrepreneurship, corporate brand element, competitive environment and strategic corporate brand management. Furthermore, it should be address an evidence empirical study for a major gap in the area of SCBM.

Keywords: Strategic corporate brand management, corporate performance, SMEs, Thailand.
Determination of standard times for process improvement: A case study
Authors: Akansel Mehmet , Yagmahan Betul , Emel Erdal
Published: November 2017

Abstract

The companies are required to use proper methods to reduce their costs and increase productivity levels so that they can survive in the fast-changing competitive conditions of the existing business environment. Work study is one of those highly effective productivity improvement methods in labor dependent industries. Determination of standard times, which is one of the important steps of a work study, provides a critical input for process improvement activities within companies. This work is based on a project which included determination of standard times as one of the earliest steps of process improvement activities in a steel-pipe manufacturing company. In systems analysis phase which was performed as the first step, it was observed that long delays occurred on production lines and an evenly distribution of workload among workers was not achievable most of the times. In order to alleviate these problems, all labor-intensive jobs within the system were identified and depicted in process charts. Standard times of the processes were determined by using time study and work sampling techniques. Next, line balancing problems associated with uneven workloads were addressed using these standard times data and some solutions were obtained. All in all, the framework which provided promising results in this pilot study was recommended to be broadened to the entire manufacturing system of the company.

Keywords: time study, work sampling, standard time, productivity.
Academic-Community Partnership Development to Enhance Program Outcomes in Underserved Communities: A Case Study
Authors: Skizim Meg , Harris Nick , Leonardi Claudia , Scribner Richard
Published: November 2017

Purpose: A community-academic partner­ship was developed to assess community needs and restructure a variety of commu­nity-based programs that provide services to underserved communities in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Methods: The community and academic partners utilized five phases to assess com­munity needs and restructure programs: 1) meetings; 2) narrowing the scope of community programs; 3) data collection and analysis; 4) emphasizing target programs; and 5) improving sustainability through grant submissions and grant development training.

Results: Survey data were collected and analyzed pre- and post-community-academic partnership between November 2014-November 2016 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The data supported the need for community-based programs run by a community organization known as the Dillard University Office of Community and Church Relations (OCCR). The survey results showed that community members expressed interest in: screenings for chronic diseases, such as diabetes; attending exer­cise classes at local churches; attending fi­nancial management workshops; and health fairs run by the community organization. In the future, screenings, workshops, health fairs, as well as exercise and diet programs, will take place at all churches participating in the community-based, umbrella program, Churches in Unity program.

Conclusion: A formal community-academic partnership, involving the assignment of an academic liaison, restructured programs for a community partner to better serve the needs of a community that is at-risk for a multitude of obesity-related health problems faced by underserved communities.

Ethn Dis. 2017;27(Suppl 1):321-328; doi:10.18865/ed.27.S1.321.
PROFESIONALNI RAZVOJ NASTAVNIKA KROZ KONCEPT HORIZONTALNOG UČENJA I NASTAVNIČKIH FORUMA
Authors: Tančić Nataša D. , Vuković Lela B. , Malčić Borka D.
Published: November 2017

Vizija celoživotnog učenja i kontinuiranog profesionalnog razvoja zahteva nastavnika koji će znati kritički da razmišlja, koji je osposobljen za refleksiju i samoevaluaciju, koji zna da potraži ili osigura preduslove za razvoj svakog pojedinačnog učenika, koji podstiče i podržava učenike u procesu učenja i razvoja. Od nastavnika se očekuje kontinuirani profesionalni razvoj i odgovorna participacija u svim segmentima rada škole. U ovom radu autorke se bave savremenim konceptom profesionalnog razvoja nastavnika kroz nastavničke forume kao specifičnim vidom horizontalnog učenja. Nastavnički forumi kao mogućnost za sticanje novih znanja i uspostavljanje saradnje sa kolegama, polako pronalaze svoje mesto u školskoj praksi.
POLAZIŠTA I PERSPEKTIVE EKOLOŠKO-HUMANISTIČKOG PREDŠKOLSKOG PROGRAMA “MI SMO ZEMLJANI’’
Authors: Marić Jurišin Stanislava D. , Klemenović Jasmina U.
Published: November 2017

Autorke polaze od činjenice da su današnja deca, koliko i odrasli, pozvana da uče ekološki, da misle, osećaju i deluju razumevajući duboku povezanost i delikatnu uslovljenost ljudskih i prirodnih sistema. Pedagoški osmišljeno vođenje ovih procesa nude ekološko-humanistički programi usmereni na izgrađivanje saosećanja, ličnog stava, ekološkog kritičkog mišljenja i sposobnosti da se o ekološkim, socijalnim, tehnološkim i drugim problemima čovečanstva zajednički misli i na osnovu procene rizika kontrolisano deluje. Neke od ovih dimenzija već u predškolskom detinjstvu razvija i neguje program “Mi smo Zemljani”. Program se više od dve decenije realizuje u različitim sredinama. Zasnovan je na eko-humanističkim filozofskim postavkama novijeg datuma i zahtevima savremenog obrazovanja sa uporištem u socio-kulturnoj teoriji i konstruktivističkim strategijama učenja. On deci omogućava da se emocionalno, socijalno, intelektualno i stvaralački angažuju kroz zajedničke projekte sa vršnjacima, vaspitačima i roditeljima izgrađujući temeljna ekološka i humanistička saznanja i uverenja već na predškolskom uzrastu.
Educação musical, jovens e pesquisa na internet: compartilhando procedimentos metodológicos
Authors: Arroyo Margarete , Bechara Silvia Regina C. C. , Paarmann Heraldo
Published: November 2017

Este artigo compartilha e discute procedimentos metodológicos que se valeram da internet como campo empírico e como instrumento de investigação acerca da aprendizagem musical por adolescentes e jovens brasileiros. Tomando como referência três pesquisas que envolveram nativos digitais, o objetivo deste texto está em ressaltar a internet como contexto e instrumento instigador para a pesquisa contemporânea na área da educação musical. As três investigações qualitativas tiveram coletas de dados realizadas entre janeiro de 2011 e abril de 2015 e utilizaram procedimentos da pesquisa documental na internet, da etnografia virtual e do estudo de casos múltiplos on-line. Além das possiblidades que essas três pesquisas na e com a internet indicaram, outras investigações mostram-se plausíveis como estudos longitudinais e comparativos.