bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Formation Mechanism of the Highly Dispersive Silver Powders Used for the Front Paste of the Solar Cell
Authors: Jiao Cui Yan , Xu Tie Bing , Ren Gang
Published: October 2013

The preparation of highly dispersive silver particles of average particle size of 1~2μm used for the front paste of the solar cell were carried out by rapid addition of ascorbic acid solution into the aqueous AgNO3 solution at room temperature. The dispersive quasi-spherical silver particles were obtained with the AgNO3 concentration of 0.1M, AgNO3/Ascorbic acid mass ratio of 1:0.8 without controlling the pH value of the system. Elevating the concentrations of the AgNO3 solution resulted in the formation of flowerlike structures. The formation mechanism was investigated, it was concluded that the growth process of the highly dispersive silver particles include three stages, first, the formation of the precursor, followed by the nuclei burst and the diffusive growth process due to formation of H+ ions adsorbed on the negative charged Ag nuclei as well as the steric effect of the ascorbic acid molecule, finally, when the pH value decreased dramatically to approaching the isoelectric point, the adsorbed H+ was released and the resulting primary particles in turn aggregated to form secondary particles.
The Light Hydrocarbon Characteristics of Gaoyou Sag Crude
Authors: Guo Hai Ying , Liao Yong , Hu Jian Dong , Yang Shuai Shuai
Published: October 2013

Gaoyou Sag light hydrocarbon characteristics of crude oil a systematic study group and the oil is well divided. Characteristics of the light hydrocarbon ring parameters and carbon preference index in Mango revealed that depression source of crude oil, and hydrocarbon source rocks are typical lacustrine depositional environment; C6-7 light hydrocarbon compositions of research and found that the C7 light hydrocarbon n-heptane, the relative content of methyl cyclohexane and methyl cyclopentane quite relative content of n-hexane in the the C6 light hydrocarbon composition of dominant these characteristics indicate that the depression comes from rot muddy (I) organic matter; light hydrocarbon comparison star graph and maturity parameters in Gaoyou Sag, the group divided into A, B two groups, A group is low maturity crude oil Paleogene the Funing group (Elfl-4), B group is mature crude oil Paleogene Department of Dai Nam group (E2d1-2) and Cretaceous Taizhou the group (K2t1-2).
The Mechanism of Free Radical Reforming Reaction of CH4 And CO2
Authors: Xu Wen Yuan , Wan Huan Huan , Zhou Jie Xia , Liu Yi Ping , Hu Lin , Hong San Guo
Published: October 2013

The mechanism of CH4-CO2 free radical reforming was investigated by DFT and B3LYP methods. The gained results have indicated that the main dehydrogenation of CHx were lost hydroxide atom step by step.The form process of carboxyl was very easy. The decomposition of the carboxyl or the compound included carboxyl were direct decomposition into carbon monoxide at low temperature. The intermediate as ·COOH and CH3COO·were also easy to take place the decomposited into carbon monoxide or CH3O.The hydroxide radical also could combine CH3·,CH2·,CH· into sterols. The decomposition of CHxO(x≠3) is easy and through direct dehydrogenation. The decomposition of methanol were three channels and it can creat H2, C2H6, H2O.
Engineering Research on Handling Heavy Aging Oil with Thermal Chemical Deposition and Centrifugal Separation
Authors: Liu Jing Jing
Published: October 2013

The technology was used for handling aging oil by demulsifier thermal chemical deposition and horizontal scrow centrifuge. Under certain temperature, The heavy aging oil, mixed with a certain Demulsifier for demulsification, is loaded into the packaging three-phase Horizontal Screw Centrifuge for oil, water and soil separation, the water content of processed oil dropped to 10% below which meet oil remix and fuel oil requirement. The influence of liquid level adjusting board, the handling capacity, processing temperature and operating parameters of centrifuges are all discussed as well.
Content and Speciation of Heavy Metals in Residues of Used Tires Treated with Supercritical Water
Authors: Chen Gui Fang , Zhang Yong , Chen Shou Yan , Ma Chun Yu
Published: October 2013

Used tires were subjected to supercritical water and supercritical water with H2O2. The distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr) in used tires and the corresponding residues were analyzed. BCR sequential extraction procedure was applied to examine the speciation of heavy metals mentioned above. The results showed that: the contents of Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd increased after supercritical water treatment while that of Cr and Ni decreased significantly. The addition of H2O2was beneficial for the increase of heavy metals concentration and sequestration. The sequestration rate of Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr reached to 90% after the addition of H2O2, and that of Ni was much lower as 40%. The main speciation of Cr and other heavy metals were in residual form and oxidate form respectively. The speciation of all heavy metals were transferred from the unstable forms of weak acid soluble and reducible to relatively stable forms of oxidizable and residual.
Thermal-Mechanical Coupling Analysis of Power Spilt Device Gear Train
Authors: Shen Wang Hao , Kong Long , Wang Zhong Da , Xu Chao , Wang Ji Xin
Published: October 2013

Power Spilt Device (PSD) is the key power component of Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). It is very important to simulate and analyze the temperature field and stress field of PSD gear train. The thermal-mechanical coupling analysis is difficult, as it involves the interaction between temperature field and stress field. This paper presents the process of the thermal-mechanical coupling simulation in ABAQUS, and tooth surface temperature and contact stress are obtained and analyzed.
A Novel Design of the CNG Dispenser Electronic Control System
Authors: Han Ye , You Xiang Dong , Zhang Xu , Wang Hui Yang , Deng Cong
Published: October 2013

This paper presents a novel design of the CNG dispenser electronic control system. The hardware design includes the ARM11 core-board and the expansion board, and the software design is based on the embedded Linux system with QT Embedded and SQLite. In addition to the general function as filling natural gas, the system has the GUI designed for touch input, the embedded database, and equipped with a RJ45 cable network interface, WiFi wireless network interface and RS485 interface etc.
Research on the Control Strategy of Hybrid Energy Storage for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on Grid Partition and Adaptive Fuzzy Neural Network
Authors: Wang Qi , Sun Yu Kun , Huang Yong Hong
Published: October 2013

In order to take the full advantages of battery and ultracapacitor of hybrid energy storage (HES) for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and solve the power allocation problems of the two energy storages when the working condition was changing, we propose a grid partition (GP) and adaptive fuzzy neural network (AFNN) control strategy. Firstly, the structure of AFNN wad determined by GP; Secondly, by adopting the back-propagation algorithm and least square method respectively, the front and back parameters of the AFNN were optimized, and the study efficiency of the parameters was raised. Finally, use the fuzzy membership functions and rules which generated automatically by AFNN in the control of HES for HEV. Under the ADVISOR 2002 simulation environment, verify the control strategy on the base of Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) working condition. The results show that the battery and ultracapacitor could give full play to their respective advantages when the GP and AFNN control strategy was adopted, so the efficiency of the vehicle energy storage system could be enhanced and a higher efficiency of the braking energy recovery be obtained.
Research on EV Ordered Charging Considering TOU Price
Authors: Zhang Mai , Zhao Cai Hong , Tan Li Juan , Liu Li , Chen Lu Lu
Published: October 2013

Large-scale of electric vehicles (EVs) for charging will affect grid operation, disordered charging will have significant impact on the grid. This paper presents ordered charging mathematical model considering the smallest charging fees for EV users, a genetic algorithm is used to get optimization solutions. Monte Carlo method is used to simulate EV charging user behavior, analysis of disordered and ordered charging simulation results are compared under different charging mode. Simulation results show that ordered charging has huge roles in reducing the cost of user charge, reducing the peak-valley difference, improving load stability and users satisfaction. The results of example show the rationality of this model and algorithm.
Nonlinear Proportional Factor Control Strategy of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Authors: Yu Hai Fang , Liu Zhi Qiang , Cui Shu Mei
Published: October 2013

It has been shown that none of any energy sources which own high specific energy or high specific power, but not both, can solely fulfil all the demands of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) in some circumstances. In this paper a battery/ultra-capacitor hybrid energy storage system (B/UC HESS) using ultracapacitors which replace primary sole Ni-MH energy source, without any changes in other parts of HEV was presented. Based on the energy flow of energy storage system and operating status of the vehicle, a nonlinear proportional factor control strategy with a goal of improving battery life was introduced. The simulation results under different urban driving cycles show that the peak charge/discharge currents are smoothed effectively, which benefits the battery lifetime improvement. The results also show that the buffering effect of ultracapacitors has optimized the charging and discharging processes of Ni-MH battery considerably.
Study on Automobile Comprehensive Performance of D-S Evidence Theory
Authors: Wang Zhi Hong , Shao Yi Ming , Cao Chu
Published: October 2013

Since there are many indexes of a car, we can ?t use a single index to evaluate the performance of a car. In order to fully evaluate the performance of a car, an evaluation index system of the automobile comprehensive performance was constructed from five aspects: dynamic performance, braking performance, operational stability, riding comfort and passing ability, economy and environmental protection. The evaluation model of the automobile comprehensive performance was established based on D-S evidence theory, which was applied to the evaluation of the automobile comprehensive performance based on the data from the questionnaire survey. The result of an analyzed example proved the theory to be effective and feasible.
Influence Study of the Influence Domain to Numerical Simulation Results with Meshless Method
Authors: Ding Ning , Zhang Yan Fang , Wang Hao , Xu Jiang Rong
Published: October 2013

Meshless method calculation accuracy is influenced by many factors, in which influence domain and node distribution are the most important. Due to the restrictions of the meshless methods themselves, their respective influence factors are different. In the paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the collocation method, the meshless method based on the local weak formulation and collocation (MWS), the meshless radial basis interpolation method based on global weak formulation (RPIM) and the weighted least squares meshless method (MWLS) are discussed by comparing the average error of nodes value in different influence domain radius. The results show that the accuracy of the MVS method is higher, but not stable; the radial basis interpolation method based on global weak formulation (RPIM) is a relatively stable method, but needs a large amount of calculation; better results can be obtained using the collocation with a small amount of the polynomial basis function added, simple and practicable.
Experimental Studies on the Seawater Desalination System Based on Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Authors: Chen Feng Yun , Liu Wei Min , Zhang Liang
Published: October 2013

Seawater desalination system has been established based on the ocean thermal energy conversion in this paper. Through compared finned tube heat exchanger with round tube heat exchanger obtained the fresh water output at different temperature and flow velocity of the warm and cold sea water. In this system the energy of the warm and cold sea water has been fully utilized, and so improved the economic benefits of the ocean thermal energy conversion.
Experimental Study on Compact External Heat Exchanger for a 4 MWth Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor
Authors: Li Zhi Wei , He Hong Zhou , Zhuang Huang Huang
Published: October 2013

The characteristics of the external heat exchanger (EHE) for a 4 MWth circulation fluidized bed combustor were studied in the present paper. The length, width and height of EHE were 1.5 m, 0.8 m and 9 m, respectively. The circulating ash flow passing the heating surface bed could be controlled by adjusting the fluidizing air flow and the heating transferred from the circulating ash to the cooling water. The ash flow rate passing through the heat transfer bed was from 0.4 to 2.2 kg/s. The ash average temperature was from 500 to 750 °C. And the heat transfer rate between the ash and the cooling water was between 150 and 300 W/(m2·°C). The relationships among the circulating ash temperature, the heat transfer, heat transfer rate, the heat transfer coefficient and the circulating ash flow passing through the heating exchange cell were also presented and could be used for further commercial EHE design.
Application of Sequential Control Based on Device Code Strategy in 1000MW Power Plant
Authors: Hao Tao , Li Shan Shan , Dong Jian Peng
Published: October 2013

A thermal power plant, where there are hundred of equipments, and many of them are usually controlled by sequential control system (SCS),which is a part of Distributed control system (DCS). For a relatively independent process system, it can be controlled by some of steps, generally, we use the traditional sequential control module supplied by DCS to construct the control logic. This article introduces a brand new control strategy -- the Sequential Control based on Device Code (SCDC). This control method can be used in the occasion of a large number of equipments to be controlled, with the advantage of clear structure, easy maintenance etc.. This method can be widely used in many technological control fields.
Study on the Eco-Environmental Monitoring System of the Three Gorges Project in the Context of the Internet of Things
Authors: Jiang Ding Guo , Wu Dan Feng
Published: October 2013

The Three Gorge Project (TGP) is one of the largest hydraulic projects in the world, because of its super-huge style and complex function, the TGP exerts far-reaching and profound impacts. As while as beneficial effects, the TGP also brings bad influences. The main negative environmental influences of TGP are the impacts on the aquatic life, the estuary, the water blooms, the greenhouse gases and the relationships between the lakes and the Yangtze River. As the TGP has distinct features of temporal and spatial variation, it is important to monitoring the influences water resources in timely. In order to give the negative influence effective control, This paper mainly introduces eco-environmental monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The system watches and grasps the change of the eco-environmental factors affected by TGP, especially those major environmental factors and seriously affected areas. It provides scientific basis for the ecological impacts caused by the TGP. The Three Gorges monitoring system based on the IoT is of great significance.
The Finite Element Dynamics Analysis for Double Bending Elliptical Vibration Transducer Base on ANSYS
Authors: Wang Ying Biao , Wang Yuan , Liu Xue Yuan
Published: October 2013

This paper has mainly studied the double bending elliptical vibration transducer with the method of limited element analysis, mold analysis of dynamics and moment analysis etc. The modal analysis for double bending elliptical vibration transducer have been processed with ANYS base on mechanical properties electromechanical coupling characteristics of PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramics, therefore the variety of vibration modal of transducer are obtained. The vibration displacement distribution was obtained through driving both directions of piezoelectric ceramics by different phase of the voltage signal. The vibration displacement of the x axis, y axis and z axis direction in the transducer end center were extracted, at the same time, the vibration displacement was entirely fitted, the different ellipse fitting curve were drawing by changing phase displacement and vibration frequency. The result of the dynamics analysis indicates when the frequency is 19.403 kHz and phase difference is π/6, it can achieve optimum elliptic curve, its axle ratio is 1:2.
Numerical Modeling of Unsteady Cloud Cavitation around a Clark-Y Hydrofoil Based on Modified SST Model
Authors: Zhang Guang Jian , Shi Wei Dong
Published: October 2013

A density correction function was introduced into SST (shear stress transport) model in CFX by user defined subroutine. The unsteady cloud cavitation around a Clark-y hydrofoil was numerically simulated using the modified SST model, associated with Zwart cavitation model. The quasi-periodic evolution of cloud cavity and lift coefficient variation were analysed. The results compared with experimental data show that the modified SST model reduces turbulent viscosity in the rear part of cavity and the reentrant jet in cloud cavitation is predicted. The quasi-periodic evolution of cavity generation, development and collapse is captured accurately and the calculated lift coefficient curve is consistent with the experimental date. It can be concluded that the modified SST model used in this paper has a good applicability in the unsteady cloud cavitation simulation.
Experimental Study on Combustion Characteristics of LPG and Gasoline
Authors: Wang Jian , Chen Yu Wei , Sun Jian , Liu Sheng Ji
Published: October 2013

Experiments were separately carried out on Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and gasoline as fuel for a spark ignition (SI) engine. According to the indicator diagram and the calculation of corresponding heat release, combustion characteristics of the two fuels were analyzed. The results showed that using LPG would lead to 7.64% power reduction and a little peak pressure reduction when the structures and ignition advance angle of the engine were remained. At rated speed and full load, the power of engine fueled with gasoline reaches the maximum when the excess air ratio is 0.90 and 0.76 fueled with LPG; when comparing the maximum power and specific heat consumption at different excess air ratios, we can see that the change of excess air ratio has a greater effect on the engine fueled with gasoline than that fueled with LPG; the specific heat consumption of both fuels decrease with the increase of load. Besides, under the same Фa, LPG has a shorter combustion delay period, faster combustion speed and shorter combustion period than gasoline.
Numerical Simulation on the Effect of Inlet-Collision in Oil-Gas Separator Used for Air-Conditioning System
Authors: Meng Jian Jun , Luo Yi , Yan Gang , Feng Jian Mei
Published: October 2013

A three-dimensional steady-state numerical model of oil-gas separator with inlet-collision structure used in small-sized Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system was established. RNG k-ε model was used in gas field and DRW model was chosen for oil droplets tracking. The influence of inlet-collision on velocity distribution, separation efficiency and pressure loss were studied. The results showed that the inlet-collision structure which had smaller radio of inner pipe length to cyclone bodys height could achieve the same separation efficiency as the no inlet-collision structure with bigger cyclone diameter. Higher separation performance could be obtained when the inlet-collision proportion was less than 26.57% and inlet velocity was about 24 m·s-1.
An Experimental Research on a Phase Change Heat-Storage-Type Heat Pump Water Heater
Authors: Ding De Feng , Chai Jian Hong , Wang Li Feng , Chen Wu
Published: October 2013

An advanced experimental rig for heat pump water heaters was established. The performances of both a phase change heat-storage-type heat pump water heater (Type A) and a conventional heat pump water heater (Type B) were tested and compared according to GB/T 23137-2008 using the experimental rig. The results showed that the existence of phase transition temperature platform enabled the phase change heat-storage-type heat pump heater run longer and more steadily. When the same hot water heat capacity obtained, the volume of the accumulator in the Type A water heater accounted for about 56.9% of that of the water tank in the Type B water heater, which could save the overall size of water heater significantly and therefore promote the wide application of energy-saving heat pump water heaters.
Coiling Temperature Prediction and Application Based on Genetic-Neural Network on Hot Strip Mill
Authors: Sun Tie Jun , Yang Wei Dong , Gao Hai , Mi Hong Tao
Published: October 2013

Coiling temperature control (CTC) is very important to the quality of the strip steel in Hot Strip Rolling Mill. In the paper, genetic algorithm and neural network method to predict coiling temperature on hot strip mill were put forward. The genetic-neural network was trained and checked with actual production data. The result indicates that the method can real-time predict the strip coiling temperature. The on-line prediction model and step track method has been put into use. The result shows that the method can settle lag influence in feedback control and the CTC control precision is improved greatly.
Prediction and Analysis of Performance of a Centrifugal Compressor with Casing Treatment under Multiple Working Conditions
Authors: Du Li Ming , Gong Yi Zhao
Published: October 2013

As an effective and economic technique for flow range enhancement, casing treatment is widely employed to increase stability margin of compressors. In order to explore the effectiveness of casing treatment on performance of centrifugal compressor under multi-working conditions, in the present thesis, numerical analysis of three kinds of inlet recirculation casing treatment and a smooth untreated casing compressor models were carried out. The numerical results coincide well with the experimental data of optimal model and accurately predict the position of surge line, which verifies the reliability of numerical method which applied in this thesis. The results also indicate that, only reasonable configuration of the inlet recirculation casing treatment could significantly enlargement the stable operating range of the compressor at low flow rate under all rotation speeds. In addition, the slot position and front deflector baffle of the casing treatment have a great impact on its performance.
Influence of Different Gear Generation Methods on Contact Stress Analysis of Spur Bevel Gears in PSD
Authors: Hu Xin Peng , Yan Jing Wen , Liu Yan , Xu Chao , Wang Ji Xin
Published: October 2013

This paper summarizes three methods of gear tooth profile generation. Geometry coordinate positions on their profile are compared. A detailed finite element model of mating gear pairs, containing fine meshes and coarse meshes, is presented. Contact stress analysis of three finite element models are conducted to investigate the influence of different generation methods on contact stress. Then, a spur bevel gears pair in Power Split Device is generated by CATIA Law Curve method, and contact stress under the special operating condition is analyzed. The results show few differences of three methods in geometry coordinate positions and tooth contact stress, and the displacement of spur bevel gear in axial direction may cause uneven stress distribution.
The Influence of Heat Treatment on the Phase Transformation Behavior and Magnetocaloric Effect of Gd5Si2Ge2
Authors: Hou Xue Ling , Liu Chun Yu , Hu Hui Min , Xue Yun , Xu Hui
Published: October 2013

In this thesis, a study was conducted on the magnetic phase transformation behavior and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) under a low magnetic field ranging from 0-1.5 T for the casted and annealed Gd5Si2Ge2alloys. The result shows that high-heat treatment significantly influences the structural and magnetocaloric properties of Gd5Si2Ge2alloy. High-heat treatment at 1573 K is beneficial to increasing Gd5Si2Ge2-type monoclinic structure which benefits the first-order transition. The MCE of annealed Gd5Si2Ge2alloy drastically increases and the highest value of SM~18.12 J/kg·K at 282 K upon H=1.5 T which is obviously larger than that of as-casted Gd5Si2Ge2( SM~5.03 kg·K at 276 K upon H=1.5 T). The giant magnetocaloric effect is obtained for Gd5Si2Ge2alloy by high-heat treatment.
A Tracking Algorithm for Blind Navigation Based on Robust H Infinity Filter
Authors: Cao Fu Cheng , Cheng Guang Liang , Wang Li Rong
Published: October 2013

This paper presents an algorithm for blind and visually impaired people to track their location. A precise positioning system utilizes UWB RFID tags for localization to mark points of interest. Given the joint estimation of TOA and DOA from blind person to station, a robust algorithm based on the extended filter is presented to accurately estimate their current location and moving velocity. This method is effective to the no-Gaussian or biased system model with unknown or not fully known observation error statistics.
Symbolical Expressions of Rhumb Line's Forward and Inverse Solution
Authors: Li Fang Neng , Li Hou Pu , Qi Hong Biao , Xu Jiang Ning
Published: October 2013

In order to solve problems that deal with rhumb lines solution based on different reference ellipsoids in maritime navigation, the rhumb lines basic equations were established. After the symbolical formula of meridian arcs inverse solution being introduced, rhumb lines forward and inverse expressions which are non-iterative were derived. Finally, numerical examples were given to testify the accuracy of the forward and inverse expansions derived in this paper. Theory analysis and numerical results show that these new formulas have compact and symbolical form, and the precision of the inverse formulas is up to , which can satisfy practical utilization.
Research and Development of Non Multi-Scale to Pixel-Level Image Fusion
Authors: Li Ming Jing , Dong Yu Bing , Wang Xiao Li
Published: October 2013

Image fusion method based on the non multi-scale take the original image as object of study, using various fusion rule of image fusion to fuse images, but not decomposition or transform to original images. So, it can also be called simple multi sensor image fusion methods. Its advantages are low computational complexity and simple principle. Image fusion method based on the non multi-scale is currently the most widely used image fusion methods. The basic principle of fuse method is directly to select large gray, small gray and weighted average among pixel on the source image, to fuse into a new image. Simple pixel level image fusion method mainly includes the pixel gray value being average or weighted average, pixel gray value being selected large and pixel gray value being selected small, etc. Basic principle of fusion process was introduced in detail in this paper, and pixel level fusion algorithm at present was summed up. Simulation results on fusion are presented to illustrate the proposed fusion scheme. In practice, fusion algorithm was selected according to imaging characteristics being retained.
Research on Segmentation of Protozoan and Metazoan Image in Microscopic Examination of Activated Sludge
Authors: Wang Yi Hong
Published: October 2013

Monitoring water quality using biological monitoring technology based on microscopic examination of activated sludge, machine vision replaces manual observation. The contrast between target and background is relatively low in the images obtained by automatic electron microscope. It is difficult to accurately distinguish the target and background if single image segmentation method is used. Therefore, the image which is segmented by single image segmentation method will be regarded as the source image, and image fusion is performed on these source images using wavelet transform. The fused image will be regarded as the final segmentation image. The result of experiments shows that using this idea can get better image edge detection effect, and it will provide good technical basis for the next protozoan and metazoan identification and statistics.
Internet of Things Technology of E-Commerce Strategy and Research
Authors: Qu Jia
Published: October 2013

The Internet of Things technology the grafted of e-commerce platform by many businesses and websites sought after. Even some e-commerce sites claim to have satisfied the requirements of the "Internet of Things", or will soon be able to achieve the "Internet of Things". With China's e-commerce platform model mature technical means escalation, the basic realization of the transaction facilitation payment security technology, user-friendly service. China's e-commerce market has also embarked on a peak, along with businesses and Internet users have a more in-depth requirements of the e-commerce platform. This article focuses on descriptions of Things. Impact of e-commerce and the Internet of things to do the analysis and description.
The Calibrations of Verticality Error for Articulated Coordinate Measuring Machine's Adjacent Linear Axis
Authors: Zhao Lei , Zhao Xin Hua , Wang Shou Jun
Published: October 2013

Coordinate measuring machine is a kind of test instrument in high precision. The accuracy is the important performance parameter. A method is proposed to realize the calibration of verticality error for adjacent linear axis about Articulated Coordinate Measuring Machine. The straightness error of two linear axis can be obtained based on Least Squares method through measuring points in their measuring range with a square box in high precision. So the verticality error can be calculated quickly according to mathematical equation. Experiment proves that the calibration method can get the verticality error rightly and effectively. At the same time, a foundation has been done for later error compensation about linear axis.
Experimental Study on the Influence of Seawater Chemical Composition on the Laser Transmission Characteristics
Authors: Peng Yu Feng , Yang Shao Ge , Zhao Li Li , Zhao Xin Yi
Published: October 2013

Marine development activities have a great impact on the Marine environment. Laser transmission has been widely used in marine communications and imaging technology. Due to the different proportion of the chemical composition of seawater in each Ocean field, the laser transmission characteristic in seawater is also different. The transmittance has been measured and calculated in a constant transmission distance in this experiment, by four different wavelength lasers and different concentrations of the various chemical components of the seawater. Then the data were analyzed by transmission curve fitting. The conclusion of this experiment is: for relatively pure seawater, the transmission characteristics of blue - green laser is better than the purple or red laser, and green laser transmission characteristics is better than blue laser; for larger impurities seawater such as Tianjin seawater, the transmission characteristics of red laser is better than the other three wavelength laser.
Speciation Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sludge from a Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: Song Shi Wen , Qi Guang Cai , Yu Hao , Liu Zhen Ye , Li Fa Zhi
Published: October 2013

The Tessiers five-stage sequential extraction procedure for extractable heavy metals determination was applied to sludge samples collected from wastewater treatment plant of Yanan city, Shaanxi province, China. According to the Tessiers guidelines, Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The heavy metal concentrations from high to low are Cu > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cd, which are lower than maximum permitted levels for agricultural use in relation to current international legislation. As shown in the speciation experiment, Cu mainly exists in organic form and sulfides, which is relatively stable. Zn with potentially hazards mainly exists in iron/manganese form. Ni mainly exists in insoluble form, which is stable and not easy to migrate to the environment. Cd with potential biological effectiveness mainly exists in acid soluble form and is easy to migrate to the environment.
Pure P-Wave Equation Modeling in Vertical Transverse Isotropic (VTI) Medium Using Pseudo-Analytical Method
Authors: Shen Ming Cheng , Li Lu Ming
Published: October 2013

In isotropic media, P-and SV-waves are coupled. For computational efficiency, we studied a separated pure P-wave VTI wave acoustic approximate equation. And to solve the Pure P-wave equation, we generalized the pseudo-analytical method to isotropic media, which has batter accuracy than conventional pseudo spectral method. Numerical simulation result shows that pure P-wave VTI wave equation not only accurately described the P-wave field characteristics, but also eliminated the pseudo SV-wave artifact in conventional coupled quasi P-wave equation, and made the wave field propagation more stable and less dispersion error.
Electrical Structure Revealed by Magnetotelluric Data at the East Part of Central Asian Orogenic Belt, Central Inner Mongolia
Authors: Li Bo , Wei Wen Bo , Zhang Le Tian
Published: October 2013

The cental Asian orogenic belt (CAOB) which between the North China Craton and the Siberian Craton is one of the tectono-metallogenic belts in the world. The central Inner Mongolia belongs to the eastern part of the CAOB, recently a series of research and exploration work has been done in this region. However, no breakthrough has been made in the exploration of metal ore. In order to research current mineralization issues in the eastern part of the CAOB, a long magnetotelluric (MT) profile was acquired across the central part of Inner Mongolia. The profile starts within the DongUjimqinqi in the northwest, goes southeastward across the Chagan Obo-Arongqi fault, the Erenhot-Hegenshan fault, the Xilinhot fault and the Linxi fault, and ends around the Xar Moron fault in the northern part of Chifeng city; the strike direction of most faults is southeast; the faults have direct control effect to the magmation and mineralization of this region. The model of electrical structure along the profile can be divided into two regions: widely distributed low resistivity is the key feature north of Nianzigou; high resistance is the key feature south of Nianzigou. The Chagan Obo-Arongqi fault, the Erenhot-Hegenshan fault and the Xilinhot fault all present as a southeastward dipping conductor, which reflects their overthrusting process; there are many high conductivity areas along the faults in the region. The electrical structure to the south of Nianzigou is expressed as a mushroom shape, which reflects the tectonic origin of magmatic rock in this region.
Deep Mining Optimization of Rock Burst Mines
Authors: Mei Yong
Published: October 2013

To prevent threaten of impact disaster, high-pressure water is injected into coal face, which is most widely used in impact-type mine. In such cases, by analyzing the rock burst tendency of a particular type of deep mining pit and occurrence of the mining process, rock samples drilled from the coal mine were taken for the conventional mechanical properties test and rock burst tendency test respectively under dry and wet state. Cuttings volume indicator affected by injection has been optimized to improve the prediction sensitivity. "One shift anti-impact, two-shift production "patterns labor organization model, adjusted development system layout and cut drilling index optimizations, as well as the allocation of high-pressure water injection drilling means, greatly improving the water injection effect, which probably provide a reference for similar mines to safe and efficiently mining.
A Review on Coalbed Methane and Water Two Phase Flow Research
Authors: Lu Jiang
Published: October 2013

In this paper, the author investigated the research on coalbed methane and water two phase flow, from microscale to macroscale and field engineering studies. The literature research shown that the microflow in pore scale should pay more attention, especially the mechanism of interaction between gas and water, interaction between fluid flow, adsorption, deformation and even thermal field.
Study on Odor Source Localization Method Based on Bionic Olfaction
Authors: Zheng Jun Bao , Yang Lei , Chen Jing Bo , Wang Ya Ming
Published: October 2013

This paper proposes an odor source localization method based on bionic olfaction. The special nasal cavity and turnable head make mammalian have excellent odor source localization ability. According to this principle, a turnable bionic odor sensing device is proposed by this paper for odor source localization system. This sensing device can rotate freely within the range level 360°, and the detection directions of its sensing channels are different. This also proposes a pattern recognition algorithm based on K-L transform to analyze the data collected by odor sensing device, and the features of odor source are extracted correctly. Experimental results for odor source localization demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Typical Techniques and Equipment for Coal Mine Water Hazards Prevention and Control
Authors: Wang Hao
Published: October 2013

Some of the most classical technologies and equipment for coal mine water hazards prevention and control are prevented in this paper. In addition, the application of these technologies and equipment is introduced. The typical technologies and equipment for coal mine water hazards prevention and control can be divided into four groups: exploration technology and equipment; monitoring technology and equipment; forecasting technology and equipment; groundwater inrush controlling technology and equipment.
Exploration of Coalbed Methane Exploitation and Coal Mine Gas Drainage
Authors: Ma Shang Quan , Fu Jing
Published: October 2013

Coalbed methane (CBM) resources are abundant on the earth. CBM brings man-kind harm but its also a clean type of resource. This article based on the analysis of CBM exploitation and utilization at home and abroad, analyzed the key issues for the slow development of CBM industry in China combining the domestic practical situation of coal mine gas drainage, and also proposed suggestions of reasonably exploiting and utilizing CBM.
Research on the Scale Inhibition Performance of AA/SAS Binary Polymer
Authors: Tang Shan Fa , Liao Hui , Tian Lei , Wang Xiao Jie , Lei Xiao Yang , Yang Zhen , Xiang Jing
Published: October 2013

The binary polymer AA/SAS was synthesized by acrylic acid (AA) and sodium allylsulfonate (SAS), named as AS and its structure was characterized. Its scale inhibition performance was also investigated for single CaCO3, CaSO4 scales, and composite scales in simulated formation water containing Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+ and Sr2+. The results indicate that when adding 50mg/L of the inhibitor, it is 85.05% efficient for CaCO3 inhibition and 98.85% for CaSO4, but only 49.05% and 51.58% for BaSO4 and SrSO4 separately. The scale inhibition performance is obvious in the simulated formation water with high concentration of calcium (1300mg/L) and low barium ion (100mg/L ), the inhibition efficiency are both above 85% at a dosage of 80mg/L. And it can fairly satisfy the demand of inhibiting composite scales (CaCO3 scale, CaSO4 scale, BaSO4 scale and SrSO4 scale), when AS and CT was combined at a mass ratio of 2:1 in high calcium , barium and strontium ions contained formation water, being 95.3% efficient at the dosage of 100mg/L.
On-Site Monitoring of Steroid Hormones in Environmental Waters with a Low-Cost, Integrated Polymer Lab-on-Chip Device
Authors: Matos Pires Nuno Miguel , Dong Tao
Published: October 2013

Routine analysis of steroid hormones in environmental water samples demands for cost-effective tools that can detect multiple targets simultaneously. This study reports a high-throughput polymer platform integrated to polymer optical sensors for on-site monitoring of hormones in water. This opto-microfluidic device concept is fully compatible to low-cost fabrication methods. A competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay was performed onto gold thin film coated chambers, and a detection resolution of roughly 0.2 ng/mL was obtained using 17β-estradiol as the model target. Furthermore, the integrated polymer platform showed good recovery for the estradiol target when spiked in surface water samples.
The Optimal Selection of the Conditions on Testing Starting Pressure Gradient for Tight Sandstone Oil Fields
Authors: Tian Wei , Zhu Wei Yao , Zhu Hua Yin , An Lai Zhi , Lai Hai Wen , Zhang Huan
Published: October 2013

In order to optimize select the best experimental conditions on testing tight sandstone starting pressure gradient in the laboratory, the advanced equipment of ASF300TMUsed to do experiments of constant pressure injection and constant flow injection under the conditions of two modes: constant confining pressure and constant net confining pressure, the data obtained was analysed in the form of linear regression fitting, obtained four different starting pressure gradient values under the different conditions. The experimental results and test methods were careful analysed and comprehensive evaluated according to each different experimental conditions and combined with the existing theory. The experimental results indicate that constant flow experiment is not suitable for large-scale use in the laboratory because of its longer time consuming under the condition of constant confining pressure mode, and the starting pressure gradient values are often larger, net confining pressure can be controlled more than 11 MPa to reduce experimental error. Under the condition of constant net confining pressure mode, the result is reliable, but it takes time longer too. On the contrary, the experiment of constant pressure injection takes time shorter, and the results are accurate under the mode of constant net confining pressure. But under the mode of constant confining pressure the value is on the high side. Based on the above, the best condition of testing starting pressure gradient for tight sandstone is net confining pressure mode and the fluid injected in the form of constant pressure.
The Research on Main Controlling Factors of Edge Water Invasion in Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery
Authors: Zhang Ji Cheng , Li Xiao Yun , Wei Jian Cheng , Xu Zi Yi
Published: October 2013

The Characteristics of heavy oil reservoir and the influence factors of edge water invasion are researched though the research of summary of geology in the BQ57 area. 12 factors are confirmed with the orthogonal experiment. The research contains 12 factors,among them, geologic factors contain reservoir heterogeneity, effective thickness, Crude oil properties, angle of bedding and Edge water energy[1]; Development factors contain temperature field, Steam injection intensity, Steam injection time, soak time, Steam injection temperature, Steam dryness, production factor, and it calculates the weight of various factors.
The Literature Review of Tourism Industry Cluster Polarization and Expansion
Authors: Shu Bo , Yin Hao Ran
Published: October 2013

In recent years, more and more attention of tourist circles scholars has attracted by the concept of tourism industry cluster. After analyzing 269 articles about tourism industry cluster, the research progress of tourism industry cluster, tourism industry cluster polarization, tourism industry convergence and tourism industrial modality innovation is summarized. And the main research direction in the future is put forward.
The Analysis of Interactive Development between Canal Suzhou Section and Modern City
Authors: Yu Dan , Huang Yao Zhi
Published: October 2013

In the history, the Grand Canal bore the functions of shipping, water conservation and landscape and created the society, economy and culture of Suzhou. The change of Suzhou development strategy requires Canal function to change accordingly. From the aspect of Canal function, this article makes an analysis of the development interactive relation between the Canal and Suzhou city, study the new requirement of Suzhou city development on the Canal, and raise a new development strategy of Canal Suzhou section.
Livable City Construction and Development Strategy under Ecological Pension Demand - Take Zhejiang Anji for Example
Authors: Zheng Wu Xuan , Huang Yao Zhi
Published: October 2013

The concept and development practice of Ecological Pension is the product of a population aging in society, which reflects the respect for the elderly and nature, and also is the important content of livable city construction. This article will not only analyze the relationship between ecological pension and livable city construction from the perspective of ecological pension, but also study the ecological pensions demand on the development of the livable city taking Zhejiang Anji for example, and put forward the livable city construction development strategy suitable for the aging development situation.
Study on the Ecological Urban Renewal Planning
Authors: Luo Yu Bin
Published: October 2013

This paper analyzes the disadvantages of traditional urban renewal planning and tries to propose ecological urban renewal planning. It aims to establish sustainable city and restore the ecological balance of the city by means of five ecological urban renewal steps.
Heterogeneity in Trade Duration and Firm Subsidy-Evidence from the Annual Survey of Chinese Industrial Firm Data in 1998-2007
Authors: Sun Chu Ren , Zhao Rui Li , Zhang Tao
Published: October 2013

Using the Annual Survey of Chinese Industrial Firm over the period 1998-2007, we have investigated the impact of the public subsidy on the firm survival rate of new exporting firms by the survival analysis techniques. We find that the median survival time of Chinese exporting is short, just 2 years and the mean duration is 2.5-2.6 years , which is consistent with the present survival literatures. Conditioning on the firm-specific variables , the public subsidy has negative effect on the survival rate and the ownership of enterprise matters. It also documents that the longer firms stay in the exporting market , the lower the hazard rate and the firms productivity, export intensity, the amount of the foreign capital have significantly positive effect on the survival probability.
Collaborative Reverse Logistics to Promote Environmental Protection
Authors: Cai Wen , Chen Ya Ping
Published: October 2013

In the logistics industry, the reverse logistics combined with the current environmental protection international concern for analysis, the combination of reverse logistics and environment protection, is no longer a for-profit enterprise responsibility, but is their duty. Collaborative reverse logistics facilitate the processing in the waste products, reduce the damage to the environment, the environmental protection into the economic benefits of the enterprise, realize win-win situation between the enterprises and the government.