bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Fe0.8Mn0.2Fe2O4 Ferrite Nanoparticle with High Saturation Magnetization via the Surfactant Assisted Co-Precipitation
Authors: Rotjanasuworapong Kornkanok , Lerdwijitjarud Wanchai , Sirivat Anuvat
Published: March 2021

Manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe2O4) were synthesized via surfactant-assisted co-precipitation, where sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used as the template to control particle size at various SDS concentrations. The substitutions of iron (II) (Fe2+) into the MnFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were carried out to obtain Fe(1–x)MnxFe2O4, with various Mn2+: Fe2+ molar ratios. The synthesized ferrite nanoparticles were characterized by the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), two-point probe, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The experimental Mn:Fe mole ratios of the Fe(1−x)MnxFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were verified to be in agreement with the theoretical values. The synthesized MnFe2O4 and Fe(1−x)MnxFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were of mixed spinel structures, with average spherical particle sizes between 17–22 nm, whereas the magnetite ferrite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) were of the inverse spinel structure. They showed soft ferromagnetic behavior. The synthesized Fe0.8Mn0.2Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticle possessed the highest saturation magnetization of 88 emu/g relative to previously reported work to date.
Joule-Level Twelve-Pass LD End-Pumped Bonded Neodymium Glass Laser Amplifier
Authors: Pan Long , Ji Shengzhe , Huang Wenfa , Guo Jiangtao , Lu Xinghua , Wang Jiangfeng , Fan Wei , Li Xuechun , Zhu Jianqiang
Published: March 2021

This paper reports on a Joule-level multi-pass laser amplification device with diode end-pumped square-rod neodymium glass (Nd:glass) bonded to K9 glass. The device generated 1.17 J pulse energy at 1 Hz and 1053 nm. The optical-to-optical efficiency was 13.01%, and the effective energy extraction efficiency was 44.23%. Comparing Nd:glass of the same specification without K9 glass under the same conditions, the thermal wave aberration of the former was 85.71% of that of the latter, which is 0.78 um. The near-field modulation degree at the highest energy output was 1.42 within 90% of the spot, and the far-field energy concentration was 81.88% within the 2.5-fold diffraction limit. The Nd:glass bonding method of the square rod is relatively novel in laser amplification systems pumped by the diode end face and can be further studied in future works.
MINLP Model for Operational Optimization of LNG Terminals
Authors: Ye Zhencheng , Mo Xiaoyan , Zhao Liang
Published: March 2021

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a clear and promising fossil fuel which emits less greenhouse gas (GHG) and has almost no environmentally damaging sulfur dioxide compared with other fossil fuels. An LNG import terminal is a facility that regasifies LNG into natural gas, which is supplied to industrial and residential users. Modeling and optimization of the LNG terminals may reduce energy consumption and GHG emission. A mixed-integer nonlinear programming model of the LNG terminal is developed to minimize the energy consumption, where the numbers of boil-off gas (BOG) compressors and low-pressure (LP) pumps are considered as integer variables. A case study from an actual LNG terminal is carried out to verify the practicality of the proposed method. Results show that the proposed approach can decrease the operating energy consumption from 9.15% to 26.1% for different seasons.
Spiritual Communion in a Digital Age: A Roman Catholic Dilemma and Tradition
Authors: Foley Edward
Published: March 2021

In the midst of this pandemic, most Christian Churches in the United States have been required to limit severely if not suspend face-to-face worship. The responses to this challenge when it comes to celebrating the Eucharist have been multiple. Frequent pastoral responses have included the shipping of consecrated elements to folk for their use during live-stream worship and virtual communion, in which worshippers employ elements from their own households as communion elements during the digitized worship. These options are not permitted for Roman Catholics. Instead, it is most common for Roman Catholics to be invited into spiritual communion. This is often considered a diminished, even ternary form of communing, quickly dispensed when quarantines are lifted and herd immunity achieved. On the other hand, there is a rich and thoughtful tradition about spiritual communion that recognizes it as an essential element in communion even when such is experienced face-to-face. This article intends to affirm the values of spiritual communion as a real, mystical and fruitful action that not only sustains people worshipping from afar, but enhances an authentic eucharistic spirituality.
Confidence-Aware Object Detection Based on MobileNetv2 for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Kai
Published: March 2021

Object detection is an indispensable part of autonomous driving. It is the basis of other high-level applications. For example, autonomous vehicles need to use the object detection results to navigate and avoid obstacles. In this paper, we propose a multi-scale MobileNeck module and an algorithm to improve the performance of an object detection model by outputting a series of Gaussian parameters. These Gaussian parameters can be used to predict both the locations of detected objects and the localization confidences. Based on the above two methods, a new confidence-aware Mobile Detection (MobileDet) model is proposed. The MobileNeck module and loss function are easy to conduct and integrate with Generalized-IoU (GIoU) metrics with slight changes in the code. We test the proposed model on the KITTI and VOC datasets. The mean Average Precision (mAP) is improved by 3.8 on the KITTI dataset and 2.9 on the VOC dataset with less resource consumption.
Determinantes da participação dos municípios brasileiros em consórcios públicos: um olhar a partir da lente teórica da Ação Coletiva Institucional
Authors:   , Ferreira Lucas Leão Fernandes
Published: March 2021

Esta dissertação buscou examinar o efeito que as características econômicas, demográficas, geográficas e político-institucionais dos municípios brasileiros exercem sobre suas probabilidades de participação em consórcios públicos intermunicipais, nas mais diversas áreas de atuação, a partir da teoria da Ação Coletiva Institucional (ACI). Para tanto, empregou um modelo de Regressão Logística de resposta binária. A variável explicada, que é dicotômica e indica se o município participa ou não de consórcio, foi obtida do Observatório Municipalista de Consórcios Públicos, da Confederação Nacional de Municípios (CNM), com dados para 2020. Os resultados indicam que parte das variáveis que caracterizam as cidades brasileiras influencia a decisão pela participação em consórcios e, embora alguns aspectos dos municípios se mostrem consistentes e de acordo com a literatura atrelada à ACI no tocante a este impacto, nota-se que para diferentes áreas de atuação que se avalie para os consórcios públicos, algumas variáveis apresentam respostas diferentes.
Validade instrumental e confiabilidade intra e inter examinadores de um algômetro digital de baixo custo
Authors:   , Anjos Carolina Fernanda Almeida dos
Published: March 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: A quantificação da dor nas diferentes síndromes musculoesqueléticas com condições disfuncionais requer avaliação objetiva. Dentre os instrumentos avaliativos destacam-se os algômetros de pressão. O contexto econômico de diversos países torna estes equipamentos onerosos, o que pode vir a limitar o acesso aos mesmos na pesquisa e na prática clínica. Um algômetro de pressão adaptado válido e confiável, de baixo custo, poderia ser considerado como um equipamento padrão, e ampliaria o acesso à avaliação objetiva da dor por pressão para diversos profissionais da saúde. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a validade instrumental e a confiabilidade intra e inter examinadores de um algômetro de pressão digital de baixo custo adaptado de uma balança suspensa. MÉTODOS: 60 compressões aleatórias foram aplicadas em uma plataforma de força padrão-ouro, por um avaliador único. Limiares de dor por pressão - LDP de 20 voluntários foram coletados 02 vezes (intervalo de 03 dias) por 02 avaliadores. As principais medidas de desfecho foram o pico de força compressiva – em kPa (algômetro de pressão adaptado vs. plataforma de força) e o LDP. A consistência interna foi avaliada pelo teste α de Chronbach. O erro padrão de medida forneceu estimativas de erro de medida, e o método de Bland-Altman estimou o viés de medida com limites inferior e superior de concordância. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças entre os resultados de força compressiva dos equipamentos (algômetro de pressão adaptado vs. plataforma de força). A validade e a confiabilidade intra examinador variaram de 0,84 a 0,99, e o erro padrão de medida de 0,005 a 0,04 kPa. Observou-se consistência interna moderada a excelente, com baixo erro padrão dos valores de medida e correlações muito fortes (r = 0,73–0,74) a quase perfeitas (r = 0,99), com baixo risco de viés para todas as medidas. Os resultados demonstraram a validade e a confiabilidade intra avaliador do algômetro de pressão adaptado. Os resultados da confiabilidade inter avaliadores foram moderados (r = 0,55-0,60; α de Cronbach = 0,71-0,75). CONCLUSÃO: O equipamento apresentou validade e confiabilidade suficientemente aceitáveis, ao replicar com precisão valores auferidos com um equipamento padrão-ouro. Ofereceu informações de força compressiva e avaliação da dor, podendo ser considerado como equipamento padrão. As facilidades em seu acesso, como o custo, o sistema operacional de fácil utilização e a portabilidade favoreceriam a inclusão da avaliação sistemática da dor por pressão na pesquisa e na rotina clínica, traduzindo-se em possibilidades para sua quantificação, além da obtenção de parâmetros para diretrizes terapêuticas.
PREMATÜRE APNESİ VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ
Authors: AZAK Merve , YILDIZ Suzan
Published: March 2021

Apne özellikle prematüre bebeklerde sık görülen bir durumdur. Prematüre apnesinin görülme sıklığı gebelik yaşı ve doğum ağırlığı ile ters orantılıdır. Bebeğin gestasyon haftası ve doğum ağırlığı azaldıkça görülme oranı artmaktadır. Prematüre apnesi sistemlerin immatürlüğünün yanında solunum, gastrointestinal, metabolik ve kardiyovasküler sistem sorunları, enfeksiyon, uyku bozukluğu gibi nedenlere bağlı olarak ortaya çıkabilir. Prematüre apnesinin tedavisinde metilksantinler (kafein, teofilin, aminofilin), karbondioksit ve sürekli pozitif hava yolu basıncı kullanılmaktadır. Apnede hemşirelik yönetiminde çeşitli pozisyonlar, kanguru bakımı, beslenme, vücut ısı dengesi, koku ve stimülasyon yöntemlerinden faydalanılır. Bu derleme prematüre apnesi ve hemşirelik yönetimini güncel bilgiler doğrultusunda irdelemek amacıyla ele alınmıştır.
Dikkat Eksikliği/Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu olan Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Yeme ve Uyku Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BİLAÇ Öznur , CANOL Tuğçe , KAVURMA Canem , IŞILDAR Yetiş , YALIN SAPMAZ Sermin , ŞENTÜRK Birsen , ÇATUK Ebru , UZUNOĞLU Gülçin , SEVİNC İlknur
Published: March 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Dikkat Eksikliği/Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB) tanılı 11-17 yaş arası çocuk ve ergenlerin yeme tutumları ve uyku paternlerinin sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırılarak incelenmesidir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: 11-17 yaş arası 35 DEHB tanılı çocuk ve ergen ile yaş ve cinsiyet olarak eşleştirilmiş herhangi bir psikopatolojisi olmayan 11-17 yaş arası 35 sağlıklı kontrol örneklemi oluşturdu. Her iki gruba sosyodemografik veri formu, Okul Çağı Çocukları için Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Formu-Şimdi ve Yaşam boyu şekli Türkçe Uyarlaması (K-SADS-PL), Yeme Tutumu Testi (YTT), Düzey-2 Uyku Bozukluğu-6-17 Yaş Arası Çocuğun Ebeveyn Formu, Düzey-2 Uyku Bozukluğu-11-17 Yaş Arası Çocuk formu uygulandı.

Bulgular: DEHB tanılı grup ve kontrol grubu arasında Düzey-2 Uyku Ölçeği Ebeveyn Formu ve YTT toplam puanlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı (p
Drive Campaigns : "Anti-Sharing Images/Photographs Harassing Women On Instant Messaging Apps Phone Visting"
Authors: Gunarti Winny , Wardani Widya
Published: March 2021

The presence of cross-platformmessaging apps on smartphone allows people to instantlyshare information and images/photos. However, the development of this informationtechnology also opens opportunities for the spread of gender-based of images/photos thattend to harass women. The act of harassing women through images/photos, whetherproducing or sharing them can be categorized as a violation of the law, as regulated in Law ofthe Republic of Indonesia No. 7 year 1984 on the Ratification of the Convention on theElimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. This study focuses on theimportance of campaign of"Anti-sharing images/ photos that harassed women in instantmessaging apps on smartphone? as a form of social and cultural responsibility in thecommunity. Qualitatively, the discussion uses the theory of design sociology as a solution tosolve problems through campaign media. The results of this study discussions are expectedto build public awareness to stop sharing habits or create images /photos that harass women,and invite people to jointly fight it.
Pengaruh Perbandingan Komposisi Media Tanah Pasca Tambang dengan Pembenah Tanah Faba terhadap Kemasaman Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Land Cover Crop (Pueraria javanicum)
Authors: Khofiyya Nida , Sondari Nunung , Parlinah Linlin
Published: March 2021

The higher the use of coal in the industry, the higher the waste produced. This causes environmental problems such as air, soil, water pollution and a decrease in the quality of ecosystems and public health in industrial environments. For this reason, it is necessary to make efforts to utilize coal waste so that unwanted things do not occur, one of which is by using coal ash waste as a soil repairer to improve soil quality in post-mining land. This experiment was carried at the Faculty of Agriculture screenhouse, Winaya Mukti University, Tanjungsari, Sumedang Regency on the altitude of 850 M above sea level. The trial period is from Jully to August 2020. The experiment aims to determine the effect of comparisons of post-mining soil media composition with Faba fixer on the value of growth of Pueraria javanicum plants. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) which consisted of five treatments and was repeated five times. Treatment is the ratio of Fla Ash Bottom Ash soil repairer and post-mining soil with the following dosages; A = 100% post-mining soil, B = 25% Faba soil repairer + 75% post-mining soil, C = 50% Faba soil repairer + 50% post-mining soil, D = 75% Faba soil repairer + 25% post-mining soil, E = 100% Faba soil repairer. The results showed that treatment C (50% Faba soil repairer + 50% soil) had a good effect on plant height and shoot wet weight, treatment D (75% Faba soil repairer + 25% soil) had a good effect on the number of leaves, root length, number of effective nodules, and root wet weight of Pueraria javanicum plants.
Produksi Tanaman Kangkung dan Ikan Lele dengan Sistem Akuaponik
Authors: Pratopo Lukito Hasta , Thoriq Ahmad
Published: March 2021

Kale and catfish are the most popular vegetables and fish in Indonesia. The production of these two commodities can be done using an aquaponics system. This study aims to determine the growth of water spinach plants and the survival of catfish in the aquaponic system. Plant growth parameters were measured every three days which included plant height, leaf width, leaf length, number of leaves and plant weight after harvest. The development of catfish that was observed every three days included the number of dead catfish and the weight of catfish measured every nine days. The data obtained were then tabulated and processed in graphical form and analyzed descriptively. The results showed The growth rate of kale planted in the aquaponic system includes plant height, leaf length, and leaf width, respectively, 2.51 cm / three days, 0.75 cm / three days and 0.24 cm / three days, while in kale plants (control) 1.30 / three days, 0.5 cm / three days, and 0.12 cm / three days, respectively. The yield of water spinach planted with the aquaponics system weighed 350 grams / pot, while the control water spinach was only 135 grams / pot. During 30 days of maintenance there was an increase in weight of catfish as much as 11.25 grams / head with the survival rate (SR) of catfish seeds by 93%.
Potensi Peningkatan Luas Panen, Produksi, Dan Produktivitas Kedelai Di Jawa Barat
Authors: Juswadi Juri , Sumarna Pandu , Mulyati Neneng Sri
Published: March 2021

This study aims to identify the development of harvest area, production, and productivity of West Java soybeans during the period 2004-2005, the effect of harvest area on soybean production and grouping districts in West Java based on harvest area and soybean productivity. The analytical tools used are descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and quadrant analysis. The results showed that the harvest area, production and productivity of West Java soybeans during the period 2004-2015 increase with fluctuating growth. Soybean harvest area has a very significant effect on soybean production. The results of quadrant analysis show that only Garut and Indramayu districts are in quadrant II, which have high harvest areas and soybean productivity. Bogor and Bekasi districts are in quadrant IV which have very low harvest area and soybean productivity, while the other 14 districts are in quadrant I with high soybean productivity but low harvest area.
Surface tension of O2-Ar, N2-Ar and O2-N2-Ar mixtures
Authors: García-Martínez Mauricio , Ibarra-Tandi Benjamín , Luis-Jiménez Daniel Porfirio , López-Lemus Jorge
Published: March 2021

The surface tension of some binary and ternary mixtures was calculated by means of molecular dynamics simulations in a canonical set. The analyzed mixtures were oxygen-argon, nitrogen-argon and oxygen-nitrogen-argon. The force field for argon was recalculated in order to reproduce the experimental surface tension. The corresponding force fields for O2 and N2 were taken from a previous work [Mol. Simul. 45 (2019) 958-966], where it was shown that such force fields reproduce the experimental surface tension curves, as pure fluids. The nitrogen-argon surface tension was calculated for several mole fractions of argon. The obtained curve was compared with those experimental data and a good agreement was found. The standard Lorentz-Berthelot combining rules were employed. For the oxygen-argon mixture it was necessary to modify the cross term of the combining rules in order to reproduce theoretical and experimental data. The surface tension of the ternary mixture was also estimated varying the mole fraction of argon at a certain concentration of oxygen and nitrogen, previously adjusted. Several temperatures were used in order to show a tendency mostly at relatively low temperatures. After comparing the available experimental data, which are scarce, a good agreement was observed.
Strategies to diminish the rotation of personal, case of study in the hotel sector
Authors: Olguín-Ramos Anahy , Martínez-Hernández Mariela Lizeth , Bautista-López Braulio
Published: March 2021

With the determination of this work, the company will bear in mind which are the indicators (conditions of position, salary, motivation, labor environment and training) that they affect directly to the job turnover and this way to be able to give him emphasis in the indicators that one is not working correctly, allowing to reduce this way the rate of current job turnover in the company. Each of the indicators was effected by means of the design of questions in such instruments as; interview applied to the manager of human resources and survey directed the collaborators alone where it was considered to be the sample of 255 collaborators of the diverse working places of the organization. The results obtained in the interview and surveys show in precise form the principal problems that the organization has, giving as reference where improvements have to be realized with I am of benefit so much for the company and as the collaborators. By means of to the analysis of the results was observed that the indicator of labor environment that exists in the organization presents deficiencies in the strategies that develop.
The Joy of Markov Models—Channel Gating and Transport Cycling Made Easy
Authors: Zifarelli G. , Zuccolini P. , Bertelli S. , Pusch M.
Published: March 2021

The behavior of ion channels and transporters is often modeled using discrete state continuous-time Markov models. Such models are helpful for the interpretation of experimental data and can guide the design of experiments by testing specific predictions. Here, we describe a computational tool that allows us to create Markov models of chosen complexity and to calculate the predictions on a macroscopic scale, as well on a single-molecule scale. The program calculates steady-state properties (current, state probabilities, and cycle frequencies), deterministic macroscopic and stochastic time courses, gating currents, dwell-time histograms, and power spectra of channels and transporters. In addition, a visual simulation mode allows us to follow the time-dependent stochastic behavior of a single channel or transporter. After a basic introduction into the concept of Markov models, real-life examples are discussed, including a model of a simple K+ channel, a voltage-gated sodium channel, a 3-state ligand-gated channel, and an electrogenic uniporter. In this manner, the article has a modular architecture, progressing from basic to more advanced topics. This illustrates how the MarkovEditor program can serve students to explore Markov models at a basic level but is also suited for research scientists to test and develop models on the mechanisms of protein function.
Ol(h)a entitate geografikoaz zenbait ohar
Authors: Zaldua Etxabe Luis Mari
Published: March 2021

Hona dakargun saioaren helburua ol(h)a entitate geografikoaren eremu, esanahi eta etorkiaz hausnartzea da, onomastikaren argitan hausnartu ere, euskararen historiaren ikerketan diziplina horrek ekarpena egin dezakeelakoan baikaude. Horren lekuko, Lakarra Andrinuaren gask. hoelhà (*hola) > eusk. ol(h)a hipotesiari buruzko zenbait ohar biltzen ditugu. Orobat, abeltzaintzako eraikinok itxuratzen dituzten ezaugarriak, edota saroiekin duten hartu-emana, onomastikaren eskutik zenbateraino zehazta daitezkeen ikusi nahi dugu.
Nola erabili itzulpena euskarazko irakaskuntza elebi/eleaniztunean: testuliburu bateko adibideen azterketa eta proposamen didaktiko zenbait
Authors: Etxezarraga Ortuondo Nere
Published: March 2021

Itzulpena hizkuntzen irakaskuntzatik baztertuta egon da, izan ere, indarrean izan diren metodoek hizkuntzak modu bereizian irakatsi beharra azpimarratu dute haien arteko interferentziak saihesteko asmoz. Alabaina, itzulpena baliabide didaktiko egokia izan daiteke, gogoeta metalinguistikoa eta hizkuntzen arteko konparazioa ahalbidetzen baititu. Balio hori are interesgarriagoa izan daiteke hezkuntza sistema eleaniztunetan: euskarazko murgilketa ereduan, adibidez. Halere, gaia gutxi ikertu da eta ez dakigu itzulpena nola erabiltzen den. Lan honetan, lehen hurbilpen bat egin nahi izan dugu: itzulpenak bigarren hezkuntzako euskara irakasgaiko testuliburu batean zer leku duen eta nola lantzen den ikustea da artikulu honen xedea. Horretarako, testuliburuko adibide batzuk aztertzeaz gain, itzulpenaren balio didaktikoa hobeto ustiatzeko zenbait proposamen didaktiko zehatz ere egin ditugu.
La adaptación del Patrimonio Oral Vasco como recurso simbólico de la comunidad vasca (1960-1975)
Authors: Gandara Sorarrain Ana
Published: March 2021

El Patrimonio Oral Vasco (POV) cumplió un rol fundamental durante la reconversión cultural vasca de 1960 a 1975. Para poder entender la influencia y el éxito obtenidos en la comunidad vasca, es imprescindible reflexionar sobre tres cuestiones: los aspectos generales del corpus, la capacidad sugestiva del POV y la percepción litúrgica del mismo. Esos tres pilares fundamentaron la revalorización colectiva del patrimonio oral y la actualización de su funcionalidad simbólica. Por lo tanto, todo ello nos ayudará a entender las bases en la adecuación contemporánea del POV como recurso simbólico de la comunidad vasca.
Sobre el elemento indoeuropeo pre-latino en la toponimia de Vasconia: los nombres de lugar terminados en -ama
Authors: Zaldua Etxabe Luis Mari
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo, en primer lugar, amplía el inventario de nombres de lugar terminados en -ama estudiados hasta la fecha con nuevas muestras. Una vez clasificados, teniendo presente las aportaciones de otros autores, se procura aclarar el posible origen de los topónimos que portan la terminación en cuestión, para, finalmente, analizar su distribución territorial e intentar extraer algunas conclusiones sobre el elemento indoeuropeo pre-latino en la toponimia de Vasconia.
ANALISIS PENGARUH CAMPURAN BIOETANOL MESOCARP BUAH LONTAR- PREMIUM TERHADAP KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR DAN EMISI GAS BUANG PADA MOTOR 4 LANGKAH
Authors: Adoe Dominggus Godlief
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh campuran bioethanol Premium terhadap konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi gas buang. Bioetanol yang digunakan adalah bioethanol dari mesocarp buah lontar dengan tingkat kemurnian ± 98%.Variasi penambahan bioetanol pada premium adalah E-10%, E-20%, E-30%, E-80%, E-90% ,dengan jumlah campuran bahan bakar bioetanol dan premium sebanyak 100ml. Variasi putaran 1500 RPM, 2000 RPM, 2500 RPM, 3000 RPM. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan terdapat pengaruh campuran Bioethanol - Premium terhadap konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi gas buang. Pengujian rata-rata kandungan CO cenderung mengalami penurunan disetiap penambahan bioethanol, pada setiap kenaikan kecepatan putaran hasilnya bervariasi. HC cenderung meningkat disetiap kenaikan kecepatan putaran, pada setiap penambahan bahan bakar bioethanol kandungan emisi gas buangnya bervariasi.HC tertinggi yang dihasilkan yaitu campuran bahan bakar E-20 dan lebih tinggi dari variasi campuran lainnya yang mencapai 1700 ppm pada kecepatan putaran 2500 RPM. Campuran bahan bakar bioethanol E-30 cenderung meningkat, meskipun pada kecepatan putaran 1000 RPM menghasilkan 925,5 ppm kemudian pada kecepatan 2000 RPM menurun secara drastis yaitu 337,0 ppm, sedangkan untuk campuran bioethnol E-10, E-80 dan E-90 terlihat stabil. Laju konsumsi bahan bakar tertinggi adalah campuran bahan bakar dengan kode sampel E-20 pada setiap peningkatan kecepatan putaran, jika dibandingkan dengan campuran bahan bakar E-30 dan E-80, konsumsi bahan bakar rata-rata mencapai 0,074% sedangkan untuk campuran bahan bakar E-90 meningkat sebesar 0,132% dan E-10 sebesar 0,141%.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR FISIKA SMA BERBASIS KONTEKSTUAL MATERI HUKUM NEWTON
Authors: Astiti Kadek Ayu , . Hali Antonius S.
Published: March 2021

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar berupa modul fisika SMA berbasis kontektual. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan yang menggunakan model dick&carey dengan beberapa tahap yaitu analisis kebutuhan, perencanaan media, pengembangan produk, uji coba perseorangan, revisi, uji coba kelompok kecil, revisi dan uji coba kelompok besar, revisi dan penyebaran. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuisioner yang diberikan kepada ahli materi, ahli media, dan praktisi yakni guru dan siswa. Sampel sekolah yang digunakan adalah SMA N 2 Kupang dengan menggunakan 15 orang siswa untuk kelompok kecil dan 60 orang siswa untuk kelompok besar. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah bahan ajar berupa modul fisika SMA berbasis kontekstual pada materi hukum newton yang telah diuji validitasnya pada tim ahli serta praktisi. Hasil uji kelayakan oleh ahli materi mencapai 70%, ahli media 87%, kelompok kecil 84% dan kelompok besar 85%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan layak untuk digunakan. Kata kunci: Bahan ajar; kontekstual; fisika; hukum newton Abstract This study aims to develop teaching materials that consist of contextual high school physics modules. This research is a research development that uses the model of dick & carey with several ways of needs analysis, media planning, product development, individual trials, revisions, small group trials, revisions and large group trials, revisions and distribution. The instrument used consisted of questionnaires given to material experts, media experts, and supporting teachers and students. The school sample used was SMA N 2 Kupang by using 15 students for small groups and 60 students for large groups. The results obtained are teaching materials consisting of high school physics modules based on contextuality in Newton's legal material that have obtained validity on the expert team and are accepted. The results of the feasibility test by material experts reached 70%, media experts 87%, small groups 84% and large groups 85%. This shows the developed teaching material is suitable for use. Keywords: teaching material; contextual; physics; newton’s of law
FLUORESCENCE AND RED SHIFT OF THE PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES FROM PROTONATED SMALL MOLECULE
Authors: Ngara Zakarias Seba
Published: March 2021

In this work, the fluorescence (FL) and bathochromic of the photophysical properties from protonated small molecule in cast film state have been investigated. To realize these purposes, the material of 4’,4’’’’-(1,4-phenylene bis (2,2’:6’,2”-terpyridine) (Phtpy) as a small molecule and  camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) as an acid for protonation was selected. For Phtpy, its maxima absorption is 300 nm and no FL color emission. After CSA solution was added in chlorofom solution of Phtpy, the absorption spectrum of protonated Phtpy is broaden to longer wavelength with two new peaks appear at around 350 and 370 nm. Upon direct excitation at wavelength of 300 nm, the range of FL spectrum of original and protonated Phtpy is from 320 to 580 nm and from 370 to 580 with their maxima FL intensities at 360 and 460 nm. Interestingly, protonated Phtpy emits blue FL color emission. In addition, energy gap of protonated Phtpy is smaller than that of pristine Phtpy. Finally, the FL  and remarkable red shift of absorption and FL spectra of protonated Phtpy will pave the way to develop sensor and other photonic devices with high performances in the ultaviolet region.
SIMULASI PEREDAMAN GETARAN PADA PEGAS KATUP (VALVE SPRING) SISTEM HIDROLIK DENGAN METODE PID MEMANFAATKAN SIMULINK MATLAB
Authors: Wabang Keszya , Warsito Ali , Louk Andreas Christian
Published: March 2021

A simulation of damping vibration on valve spring hydraulic system has been done. This research is a study of the simulation that aims to control excess vibration on valve spring hydraulic system as a result of excitation force that is affected by the changes of pressure periodically, to produce a stable system. The simulation performed by using Matlab simulink with applying a PID method (P, PD, PI and PID) and noticed to variations of proportional constant (Kp), integral constant (Ki) and the derivative constant (Kd).

The simulation results obtained show that by combining these three constants Ki, Kp and Kd can dampen the vibration better. For the total excitation force, using the value of Kp = 106, Ki = 7 x 106 and Kd = 6 x 104 can provide damping vibration system response on valve spring with a rise time of 1.2119 s, settling time of 1.2792 s, stable at setpoint 1, error steady state 0% and a small maximum overshoot of 0.3309. This is the result of a stable system response and best compared to the other combinations of the constant values.

 

Keywords : vibration, damper, valve spring, hydraulic system, PID method.
IDENTIFIKASI ASPEK GELOMBANG BUNYI KELUARAN ALAT MUSIK SASANDO TRADISIONAL DAN SASANDO ELEKTRIK
Authors: Kaba Martince Aryani Jusuf , Warsito Ali , Lapono Laura A.S
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAK

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang identifikasi aspek gelombang bunyi alat musik sasando tradisional dan sasando elektrik. Subjek penelitian ini adalah bunyi alat musik sasando tradisional dan sasando elektrik yang bertipe sasando biola dengan jumlah dawai 32. Bunyi alat musik sasando direkam dengan mikrofon Havit Straight M-80 dan dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Wavepad sound editor. Aspek gelombang bunyi ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Sampel original bunyi sasando tradisional dan sasando elektrik dengan rentang frekuensi dari 86 Hz sampai 1206 Hz dan 97 Hz sampai 1077 Hz. Rentang intensitas dari sasando tradisional dan sasando elektrik secara berturut-turut (-45,95398906) dB sampai (-12,38564365) dB dan (-33,44661942) dB sampai (-9,780729931) dB. Kemudian dengan perangkat lunak excel diperoleh grafik data bunyi sasando tradisional dan sasando elektrik berupa grafik intensitas, frekuensi dan noise. Setelah dilakukan filter terhadap sampel original bunyi sasando tradisional dan sasando elektrik, yang mempengaruhi kualitas gelombang bunyi adalah adalah rentang noise pada sampel bunyi  dari pengolahan data -2 dB sampai 0 dB dan -4,22  dB sampai -0,14 dB dengan persentase noise 0 % sampai 8,27 % dan 0,57 % sampai 22,76 %. Sebagian besar persentasi noise berpengaruh pada bunyi asli.

 

Kata Kunci: Sasando, sampel original, mikrofon Havit Straight M-80, Wavepad sound editor, metode Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), frekuensi, intensitas, noise.

 

ABSTRACT

Research has been conducted on the identification of aspects of the sound waves of traditional Sasando musical instruments and Sasando electric. The subject of this research is the sound of traditional Sasando musical instruments and Sasando electric type of Sasando violin with 32 strings. The sounds of Sasando musical instruments were recorded with the Havit Straight M-80 microphone and analyzed using Wavepad sound editor software. Sound wave aspects are determined using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method. Original samples of traditional Sasando sound and Sasando electric range in frequency from 86 Hz to 1206 Hz and 97 Hz to 1077 Hz. The intensity ranges from traditional Sasando and Sasando electric are (-45,95398906) dB to (-12,38564365) dB and (-33,44661942) dB to (-9,780729931) dB. Then with Excel software obtained data graphs of traditional Sasando sound and Sasando electric in the form of graphs of intensity, frequency and noise. After filtering the original samples of traditional Sasando sound and Sasando electric, what affects the sound wave quality is the range of noise in the sound sample from data processing of -2 dB to 0 dB and -4.22 dB to -0.14 dB with a percentage of noise 0 % to 8.27% and 0.57% to 22.76%. Most of the noise percentage affects the original sound.

Keywords: Sasando, original sample, Havit Straight M-80 microphone, Wavepad sound editor, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method, frequency, intensity, noise.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM TRANSMISI MESIN PRES BIJI KELOR DENGAN PUTARAN MESIN 1400 RPM
Authors: Selan Rima Nindia , Riwu Defmit. , Pah Jack
Published: March 2021

Abstrak Mesin pres biji kelor termasuk jenis mesin hidrolik dengan mekanisme tekan horizontal. Cara kerja mesin pres biji kelor dengan meneruskan daya putaran dari poros melalui media penghantar (fluida) menjadi daya tekan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem transmisi mesin pres biji kelor dengan putaran mesin 1400 rpm, daya 1 Hp dan kapasitas awal 100 gram. Metode penelitian berupa analisis numeric dengan variabel yang disesuaikan. Perancangan system transmisi menggunakan bahan S30C dengan kekuatan tarik 58 kg/mm2 dan tegangan geser diizinkan 4,83 kg/mm2 Mesin pres biji kelor menghasilkan kecepatan transmisi 18,70m/s dengan perkiraan waktu pemerasan 2,18 detik. Mesin pengepress biji kelor dengan mekanisme tekan horizontal memiliki hasil perasan yaitu sekitar 15,6% (100 g biji kelor = 16 ml minyak kelor) dengan gaya tarik transmisi 267,54 N. Kata kunci: Sistem transmisi, putaran mesin, daya, mesin pres Abstract Moringa seed press is a type of hydraulic machine with a horizontal pressing mechanism. The moringa seed press works by passing the rotational power from the shaft through the conveying medium (fluid) to become compressive power. This study aims to design a transmission system for the moringa seed pressing machine with an engine speed of 1400 rpm, 1 hp power, and an initial capacity of 100 grams. The research method is numerical analysis with adjusted variables. The design of the transmission system uses S30C material with tensile strength () 58 kg/mm2 and allowed shear stress () 4.83 kg/mm2. The moringa seed pressing machine produces a transmission speed of 18.70m/s with an estimated squeeze time of 2.18 seconds. The moringa seed pressing machine with a horizontal pressing mechanism has a yield of about 15.6% (100 g of moringa seeds = 16 ml of Moringa oil) with a transmission pulling force of 267.54 N.Keywords: Transmission system, engine speed, power, pressing machine
CULTURAL HERITAGE TOURISM: DETERMINANTS OF BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TO VISIT A HISTORICAL CITY FROM EXPERIENTIAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Wee Geot Fang , M. Ariffin Ahmad Azmi
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the determinants of behavioral intention to visit a historical city in the context of cultural heritage tourism from a marketing experiential perspective. Specifically, the main objective is to investigate the relative influence of the three experiential constructs identified as service experience, novelty experience, and leisure experience towards the tourist’s intention to recommend and return to the historical city of Malacca. To the best knowledge of the researcher, this study is the first to incorporate all three variables together in a single research model. A total of 300 respondents consists of both local and foreign tourists were involved in this study. Data were collected around the historical city of Malacca, a popular UNESCO World Heritage Site in Malaysia. To qualify as the respondents of this study, the so-called cultural tourists must have been visiting the historical city for at least 2 days. Multiple Regression Analysis was employed to test all hypotheses developed in this study. The results showed that two of the independent variables namely leisure experience and service experience were found to have positive relationships with behavioral intention. Interestingly, this study found no evidence to support the relationship between novelty experience and behavioral intention in the context of cultural heritage tourism. Undeniably, the novelty of the cultural heritage tourism products is not the core determinant of tourist’s revisit intention as well as favourable word-of-mouth as these products are considered as distinctive in nature and standing on their own.
DO WORK ENVIRONMENT, INDIVIDUAL FACTOR AND TRAINING PROCESS INFLUENCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING PROGRAM FOR HUMAN RESOURCE IN THE HOTEL SECTOR?
Authors: Mohd Shariff Nurhazani , Zainol Abidin Azlan , Zainol Asif Zamri , Abdullah Johan
Published: March 2021

As a service-oriented industry, human resource plays a vital role in the hotel sector. Hotels need to provide efficient training to guarantee the human resource performs quality work which satisfies the customers. To improve training among employees and prevent changes in employees’ behaviour, the hotel sector needs to acknowledge the factors that impact the training effectiveness. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of work environment, individual factors, and training process on the effectiveness of human resource training programs in the hotel sector. Using The Datai Langkawi is a highly well-known resort in Malaysia, the study surveyed 45 employees who have attended the training program by distributing a questionnaire which is adopted and adapted from the Kirkpatrick and Kirkpatrick (2007) four levels of the evaluation training model. Three major hypotheses are developed and tested using regression analysis. The study indicates that all three factors significantly influenced the effectiveness of the training program in the hotel sector. Four variables in the work environment are found to be significant factors that influenced the effectiveness of the training program which are social support, opportunity to perform, reward system, and organizational culture. Similarly, the three variables in the individual factor which are ability, attitude, and motivation also derived as significant factors influencing the effectiveness of the training program. However, it is noted in the study that only training design derived as a significant factor influenced the effectiveness of the training program whilst training needs to be shown insignificant result as a factor influencing the effectiveness of training program in the hotel sector. The findings of the study, in conclusion, shows the importance for the hotel management to take into account the significant factors influencing the training program as they may lead as a motivator to the human resources of the hotel sector in performing their tasks.
TENDENCIES OF FUNCTIONING FLASH MOBS IN RUSSIA: THE ROLE OF SOCIAL ONLINE ENVIRONMENT AND SELF-ISOLATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW FORMS OF FLASH MOBS
Authors: Makarova M.N. , Mokrushina E.A.
Published: March 2021

This article focuses on analysis of flash mob as a form of social activity in contemporary society. The aim of this article is to define the main ways of representation of flash mobs in online environment of Russian society. The additional objectives of the article are as follows: finding out the last tendencies in development of flash mobs and their social functions; defining the main parameters of representation of flash mobs in media and Internet; assessment of the functioning of flash mobs in pandemic situation. Some characteristics of flash mobs are defined in the article, such as mass character, simultaneity, the use of modern technologies, and emotional involvement. Traditional flash mob originally was based on spontaneity, absurdity, and lack of specific subtext. Last years, traditional flash mob is increasingly loaded with meaning provided by different communities, leaders, and authorities. The “modernized” flash mobs with specific meaning and goals replaced their traditional forms and became powerful influence on social attitudes. It becomes a new form of presenting cultural, political, and other values, and actualizes social problems. For studying forms of Russian flash mobs, the publications in mass media, Internet, and social media for the period of 2018-2020 were analyzed. “VKontakte” communities dedicated to online flash mobs during the 2020 self-isolation period were also taken for analysis, in particular posts from the walls of the communities and their participants. The units of selection were the communities corresponding to the theme of self-isolation with the largest number of participants and characterized by the greatest activity. The results show the following tendencies in the development of flash mobs: the increasing role of social media in organization of flash mobs; decreasing proportion of classical flash mobs with entertaining goals; the development of art-mobs and prof-mobs, and patriotic flash mobs; compensatory and emotional functions of flash mobs in pandemic period.
THE INFLUENCE OF CHINESE-AMERICAN TRADE RELATIONS ON CHINA's FOREIGN POLICY RELATING TO THE USA
Authors: Junjing Jiang
Published: March 2021

Based on a wide range of sources, the article analyzes the impact of China's trade and economic relations with the United States. Several periods of interaction between countries after the end of World War II are considered. Special attention is paid to the period of restoration of diplomatic relations since 1979. Based on various sources and historiography, the author analyzes the researchers' points of view on the impact of economic issues on the relations between the two countries. In the course of the research, the author came to the conclusion that an important aspect in the direction of the foreign economic policy of the People’s Republic of China in the first post-war years was the ideological factor. The article presents an analysis of changes in the vector of China's foreign policy in different periods. The main ways of interaction between the United States and China are described, depending on changing foreign policy doctrines. The reforms launched in 1978 provided China with economic growth and a growing prestige on the world stage, which is still present today. The rapprochement between the United States and China after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 brought certain economic benefits for the two countries. However, the aggravation of relations between the countries in the new Millennium provides an opportunity for new assessments of the PRC's position on the world stage. Trump’s coming to power in the United States is regarded as an economic war between the two countries. China's increased investment capacity and technological independence make it an attractive partner for other countries, which in turn has a negative impact on trade with America. The most important thing in this situation is the fact that the globalization of the world economy caused by scientific and technological progress, including the rather close interweaving of the US and Chinese economies, contradicts the national interests of both countries, which are trying to strengthen their positions and role in the world economy. Based on the analyzed material, the author comes to the conclusion that recently the foreign policy relations between China and the United States directly depend on the economic interests of the parties.
THE WORLD CITATION NETWORK POSITION OF RUSSIAN PUBLICATIONS ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE STUDENTS’ INTERNET ACTIVITY ON THEIR EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS
Authors: Demchenko Yu.D. , Lazurina E.D. , Kashpur V.V. , Gubanov A.V.
Published: March 2021

Over the last 20 years the educational environment has undergone a number of changes, one of the factors of these changes is the introduction of Internet opportunities in the educational process. Due to the expansion of the Internet, in particular, in the field of education, there is a surge of research interest in the world on the impact of the Internet on educational achievements. This work is devoted to the problem of the position of Russian publications in the global network of quotations on the theme of the relationship between Internet activity and educational achievements of students. In the course of the research, a rarely used method of reviewing sources on a given topic was proposed based on a combination of two approaches of literary review - expert and bibliometric network analysis. The results of the research demonstrate a global network of citations of the most popular publications on the subject of Internet activity and educational achievements, and also reflect the position of Russian authors' publications in relation to the whole network. It was found that: 1) the prevailing literature on the subject under study is foreign, foreign sources present the main theoretical and methodological foundations and applied research; 2) Russian scientists are at the beginning of mastering the analysis of social network data and studying the impact of the Internet on educational achievements, which explains the small number of publications.