bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USAHA MENGURANGI MISKONSEPSI PELAJAR MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN KONFLIK KOGNITIF
Authors: Septian Ahmad , Zulfa Hadinda , Casella Titania , Adinda  , Muhammad Akbar Khaffi
Published: August 2022

Pendekatan konflik kognitif dalam pembelajaran matematika adalah penemuan yang membedakan desain atau kapasitas mental dengan aset pembelajaran sehingga siswa dapat memahami ide secara akurat. Dalam keadaan seperti ini, ada pertentangan antara apa yang ada di dalam pelajaran dan apa yang terjadi dengan sengaja diciptakan. Keterkaitan dinamis antara pelajar dan pendidik sangat penting dalam konflik kognitif.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Imam Izzulsyah  , Adiyus  , Radika  , Ahmad Nur Hidayah  , Lianda Saputra
Published: August 2022

Secara nyata media sosial telah mengubah kehidupan sosial masyarakat hampir disemua jenjang dan strata sosial. Perubahan dan perkembangan masyarakat sejatinya dibutuhkan guna mengalirkan siklus bermasyarakat. Pada masa pandemi covid -19 ini, jumlah pengguna media social di Indonesia mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penyebab tren penggunaan media social di masa pandemi dan memprediksi jumlah pengguna media sosial tahun 2023 sampai 2025. Metode dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi literatur dari berbagai macam jurnal, artikel ilmiah, internet dan sumber lainnya yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini. Dari beberapa hasil penelitian diatas dapat diperoleh bahwa yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya tren penggunaan media sosial dimasa pandemi ini adalah dikarenakan masa pandemi virus corona yang menyebar luas ini pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan social distancing hingga menyelenggarakan kebijakan (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar ) PSBB. Ditengah penyebaran virus corona ini masyarakat dilarang keluar rumah sehingga menyulitkan masyarat untuk mengetahui informasi dari luar sehingga mengunakan media sosial solusi untuk memperoleh informasi tersebut.
BERBAGAI PANJANG ENTRIES TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN SAMBUNG SISIP MANGGA (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Dewi Ifa Nofita , Siswadi Siswadi , Bahri Saiful
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini berjudul Pengaruh Berbagai Panjang Entries Terhadap Keberhasilan Sambung Sisip Mangga (Mangifera indica L.). dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai panjang entries terhadap keberhasilan sambung sisip mangga (Mangifera indica L.). Penelitian ini dilaksankan pada bulan November 2021 – Januari 2022 berlokasi di Kebun Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Tohudan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan percobaan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal dengan perlakuan P1 (4 Cm), P2 (8 Cm), P3 (12 Cm), P4 (16 Cm), P5 (20 Cm). Penelitian ini terdapat 5 macam perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan, setiap macam percobaan terdapat 2 tanaman sehingga terdapat jumlah tanaman total sebanyak 50. Untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh perlakuan penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data ragam ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT  dengan taraf 5%. Parameter yang diamati yaitu jumlah tunas, panjang tunas, jumlah daun, diameter batang, dan keberhasilan sambung sisip bibit jadi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada perlakuan P4 (16 Cm) memberikan hasil sambung bibit terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lainnya.
pemberian dosis pupuk kandang kambing dan dosis pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
Authors: Nugroho Rizki Ardianto , Priyono Priyono , Triyono Kharis
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini tentang Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis Pupuk Organik Kotoran Kambing Dan Dosis Pupuk NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Sturt) dilaksanakan pada tanggal 7 Mei – 23 Juli 2021, di Kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta. Ketinggian tempat ± 105 mdpl dengan jenis tanah aluvial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang kambing dan dosis pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang di susun secara faktorial, Perlakuan terdiri dari 2 faktor, masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Adapun kedua faktor tersebut adalah: (1) Pupuk kandang kambing (K) dengan 4 taraf yaitu : control (K0) , dosis 0 gr/polybag (K1), dosis 250 gr/polybag (K2), dosis 500 gr/polybag (K3) dosis 750 gr/polybag , (2). Perlakuan pupuk NPK yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu: kontrol (M0), dosis 0 gr/polybag (M1), dosis 6,075 gr/polybag (M2) dosis 12,15 gr/polybag (G3) dosis 18,225 gr/polybag . Perlakuan diulang 3 kali sehingga di dapatkan 48 kombinasi. Data analisis menggunakan Uji F melalui analisis ragam. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui signifikan antar perlakuan, digunakan Uji BNJ pada taraf 5%. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman,jumlah daun,berat tongkol dengan kelobot,berat tongkol tanpa kelobot,berat berangkasan basah,berat berangkasan kering,jumlah tongkol,berat pipilan kering dan berat 100 biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pupuk kandang kambing tidak memberikan pengaruh pada semua pengamatan. (2) Pupuk NPK berpengaruh nyata tehadap pengamatan tinggi tanaman,berat brangkasan kering,berat brangkasan basah,berat tongkol dengan kelobot,berat tongkol tanpa kelobot,berat pipilan kering dan berat 100 biji. (3) Interaksi antara pupuk kandang kambing (K) dan pupuk NPK (M) tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata pada semua parameter.

Kata kunci: pupuk kandang kambing,jagung manis, pupuk NPK.
PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DAN PUPUK KANDANG AYAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays L).
Authors: Gumelar Geger Hapit , Siswadi Siswadi , Triyono Kharis
Published: August 2022

Penelitian  iini  itentang  i“Aplikasi  ipemberian  ipupuk  ipoc  inasa  idan  ipupuk  ikandang  iayam  iterhadap  ipertumbuhan  idan  ihasil  itanaman  ijagung  imanis  i(Zea  imays  iL).  itelah  idilaksanakan  imulai  itanggal  i22  iMei  i2021  isampai  i24  iJuli  i2021  idi  iKebun  iPercobaan  iFakultas  iPertanian  iUniversitas  iSlamet  iRiyadi  iSurakarta  iyang  iberlokasi  idi  iKelurahan  iKadipiro,  iKecamatan  iBanjarsari,  iKota  iSurakarta.  iPenelitian  iini  ibertujuan  iuntuk  imengetahui  ipenggunaan  iPOC  iNasa  idan  ipupuk  ikandang  iayam  iterbaik  ipada  ipertumbuhan  idan  ihasil  iproduksi  itanaman  ijagung  imanis  i(Zea  imays  iL).  iPenelitian  iini  imenggunakan  imetode  iRancangan  iAcak  iLengkap  i  i(RAL)  iyang  idi  isusun  isecara  i  ifaktorial,  imasing-masing  ikombinasi  iperlakuan  idiulang  itiga  ikali.  iAdapun  ike-2  ifaktor  itersebut  iyaitu  i:  i(1)  iPupuk  iPOC  iNasa  i(N)  idengan  i3  i(tiga)  itaraf  iyaitu  i:  itanpa  ipupuk  ipoc  inasa  i(N0),  iPOC  iNasa  i15  iml/L  i(N1),  iPOC  iNasa  i30  iml/L  i(N2),  i(2)  ipemberian  ipupuk  ikandang  iayam  i(A)  iterdiri  idari  i4  itaraf  iyaitu  i:  itanpa  ipemberian  ipupuk  ikandang  iayam  i(A0),  ipemberian  ipukan  iayam  i360  igram/polybag  i(A1),  ipemberian  ipupuk  ikandang  ikotoran  iayam  i720  igram/polybag  i(A2),  ipemberian  ipupuk  ikandang  iayam  i1080  igram/polybag  i(A3).  iKedua  ifaktor  iperlakuan  itersebut  idikombinasikan  isehingga  idiperoleh  i12  ikombinasi  iperlakuan.  iData  idi  ianalisis  imenggunakan  iAnalisis  iRagam,  iyang  idilanjutkan  idengan  iUji  iBeda  iNyata  iJujur  i(BNJ)  ipada  itaraf  i5%.  iHasil  ipenelitian  imenunjukkan  iperlakuan  ipupuk  iPOC  inasa  iberpengaruh  iterhadapberat  ibrangkasan  ibasah  idengan  irata-rata  itertinggi  iyaitu  i177,53  igram,  ipemberian  ipupuk  ikandang  ikotoran  iayam  itidak  iberpengaruh  ipada  isemua  iparameter  ipengamatan,  iInteraksi  iperlakuan  iberpengaruh  inyata  iterhadap  ijumlah  idaun,  ijumlah  itongkol  idan  iberat  itongkol  itanpa  ikelobot.  iPerlakuan  iN2A3  idosis  i(POC  inasa  i30  iml/L  idan  ipupuk  ikotoran  iayam  i1080  igr/polybag)  imemberikan  irata-rata  itertinggi  iyaitu  i12,67  ihelai,  iperlakuan  iN1A3  idosis  i(POC  inasa  i15  iml/L  idan  ipukan  iayam  i1080  igr/polybag)  imemberikan  ipurata  ijumlah  itongkol  itertinggi  iyaitu  i3,00  ibuah  idan  iperlakuan  iN1A2  idosis  i(POC  inasa  i15  iml/L  idan  ipupuk  ikandang  iayam  i720  igram/polybag)  imemberikan  irata-rata  iberat  itongkol  itanpa  ikelobot  iyaitu  i558,67  igram.
Ewangelia BJ 941 w kolekcji rękopisów Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej: społeczna historia kodeksu
Authors: Wołoszczenko Stanisław
Published: August 2022

This article is dedicated to the study of the history of the Cyrillic Four Gospels BJ 941 from the manuscript section of the Department of Special Collections of the Jagiellonian Library in Krakow. The study defines that the Gospels were rewritten on a paper variety, the identification of its watermarks implies that the book was created in the last third of the 16th century. The analysis of the manuscript margins indicates that the manuscript was rewritten and purchased in Stryi, in the former Przemyśl region. The study of four gift records of the 16th and 17th centuries draws an understanding of how the manuscript has functioned and migrated at the appointed time. First, after the purchase, the codex was donated to the church of Paraskeva Piatnytsa in the Pietniczany village in the Lviv region. In 1641 the codex was gifted over to the Church of the Beheading of John the Baptist in Rozhysche, Sataniv povit. Between 1649 and 1678 the Gospels were presented to the Church of the Intercession of the Virgin in Vinnytsia. In 1678 the book appeared in the Church of the Intercession in the village of Nekhaiky in the Cherkasy region. In the 19th century, the Gospels belonged to the private library of Stanisław Krzyżanowski, who in 1870 donated the manuscript to the Jagiellonian Library.
Triple superphosphate provides high yields of soybean genotypes in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Ferreira Luiz Leonardo , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Lautenchleger Francine , Loro Murilo Vieira
Published: August 2022

Soybean is currently the main crop in national agribusiness. Phosphorus is a limiting nutrient in obtaining high yield, especially in the soil conditions of the Brazilian Cerrado. Thus, the objective was to analyze the effect of triple superphosphate doses on the yield of soybean genotypes under Cerrado conditions. The study was conducted in Mineiros, GO, Brazil. A randomized block design was used, in a 4x5 factorial scheme, corresponding to four soybean genotypes (AS3680, NA5909, NA7337 and TMG1180), in five levels of phosphorus (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1 of P2O5) using Triple Superphosphate (41% P2O5 and 9% Ca), in 4 repetitions. The variables related to yield were evaluated at 146 days after sowing. Statistical analyzes were performed on the R Core Team (2019). The study revealed a significant interaction (p≤ 0.05) between soybean genotypes and phosphate doses, in addition to the significance (p≤ 0.05) in the main effects. The regressions were adjusted and estimated with optimal points close to 100 kg ha-1 of P2O5 for the different characters. Positive and negative correlations and their trends were considered among the variables for each soybean genotype, in addition to grouping the interaction of factors. The characters with the greatest contribution to raising yield levels were the thousand grain mass, plant stand and pods per plant. Using triple superphosphate as a phosphate source, it is recommended to grow the AS3680 genotype, which showed the highest yield (91.57 bag ha-1) with a dose of 95.65 kg of P2O5 ha-1, corresponding to 21.57% increments in yield.
Professional Experience of Practiting Lawyers in Law Enforcement: A Dialectical Assessment
Authors: Vladimir Valentinovich Kozhevnikov
Published: August 2022

As a result of the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that the personal professional experience of law enforcement of law enforcement officers of law enforcement bodies, formed in the process of upbringing, education and practical activities and generalizing the relevant professional knowledge, skills and skills of law enforcement actors, on the one hand, helps them to orient in the evidentiary information, to carry out from it theselection of everything necessary for the correct resolution of a particular legal case with However, on the other hand, it is also necessary to take into account the fact that the same legal situations, on which professional experience is guided, tend to create, as a rule, the stereotyping of intellectual processes, the template actions and operations of these individuals, which make it difficult to see the uniqueness of that or other life event, lack of criticality, arrogance and complacency, oblivion of the fact that every legal matter is individual, a manifestation of the sense of omniscience and hence its own the infallibility can lead to accusatory bias and cause serious errors in the process of law enforcement.
Conjuntos históricos españoles declarados Patrimonio Mundial
Authors: Castellón Valderrama Angie
Published: August 2022

Aportación al monográfico dedicado al 50 aniversario de la Convención de 1972 para la Protección del Patrimonio Mundial Cultural y Natural de la Unesco.
NovoLearning: A strategic response to large class problems in teaching non-English department students
Authors: Febriyanti Emma Rosana , Fadilla Raisa , Pasani Chairil Faif , Amelia Rizky
Published: August 2022

Having English for all non-English department students as a compulsory course in the institution is worthwhile for the improvement of students’ ability in using foreign language; however, practically, the students and the lecturers deal with a lot of issues regarding the implementation of the subject itself. Every English class of non-English department is a large class consisting of more than 50 and even 100 students. Handling large classes constitutes a real challenge to every lecturer that it may hinder greater academic achievement and favorable attitudes toward learning. This study aims to find out how NovoLearning program can be the alternative to cope with large class problems of non-English language students. NovoLearning program is an artificial intelligence-based mobile learning that provides a fully integrated training solution, allowing focused English language instruction, communication preparation and integrated skills training. This study employed descriptive qualitative research involving 356 non-English department students from MIPA major namely Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, and Natural Science Education Study Programs. Interview, observation, and documentation were employed to obtain the data of this present study. The results show that NovoLearning program can elevate the efficiency of the teaching and learning level to its best quality. It witnessed several views of students that get advantages from the use of the program such as the interactivity, boost on students’ English proficiency, and high-quality feedback. The practical use of this program makes it potential to be applied not only for today’s learning as an alternative to cope with ineffectiveness of large class but also for more advanced learning in the future.
Pelatihan Penyusunan Silabus Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Pelayanan Anak dan Remaja di Klasis Teluk Kabola
Authors: Tanaem Yusuf Elpontus , Saetban Sem , Sole Yanti Yunita Erni , Para Nimrot Doke , Saetban Antonius , Mayok Gloryanti , Lekai Mariance
Published: August 2022

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rekrutmen guru Pelayanan Anak dan Remaja (PAR) yang belum terstandarisasi. Seseorang diterima menjadi guru PAR hanya harena kerelaan untuk menjadi guru PAR tanpa memperhatikan tingkat pendidikan orang tersebut. Hal ini berdampak pada tingkat pendidikan guru PAR yang beragam mulai dari yang tidak bersekolah, SD, SMP, SMA dan ada beberapa yang lulusan sarjana. Tempat pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yaitu Klasis Teluk Kabola Alor. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memberikan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru PAR di Klasis Teluk Kabola. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh perwakilan guru PAR yang ada di Klasis Teluk Kabolaberjumlah 40 orang. Metode penyampaian materi berupa ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi dan praktek pembuatan silabus pembelajaran. Dengan mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan ini, kompetensi guru PAR di klasis Teluk Kabola meningkat dan berdampak pada pengajarannya. Dengan pengajaran setiap minggu yang terencana lewat silabus yang dikerjakan diharapkan pengajarannyapun semakin baik.
Edukasi Tentang Etika Komunikasi dan Kewirausahaan Bagi Peserta Didik Baru Melalui Program Masa Pengenalan Lingkungan Sekolah (MPLS) SMKN 4 Surabaya
Authors: Dewi Irra Chrisyanti , Soediro Moses
Published: August 2022

Etika berkomunikasi dan berwirausaha cenderung berubah-ubag mengikuti kecanggihan teknologi, sehingga menjadikan peserta didik SMKN 4 Surabaya tidak hanya asal berkomunikasi, tetapi harus menguasai etika berkomunikasi dan berwirausaha. Kemampuan tersebut memungkinkan peserta didik siap bersaing ketika memasuki dunia usaha. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini memberikan edukasi berupa seminar yang menjelaskan tentang etika berkomunikasi dalam berwirausaha. Seminar ini untuk mengembangkan jiwa kewirausahaan yang diperlukan oleh peserta didik, supaya mereka termotivasi merencanakan kegiatan usahanya dan tekun dalam mengembangkan usahanya. PkM pada peserta didik baru dalam bentuk edukasi ini dilakukan di SMKN 4 Surabaya, sehingga peserta didik baru dapat mengolah informasi terkait dengan melatih ketrampilan berkomunikasi. Hasil dari seminar ini adanya sifat dan karakter dalam bertanggung jawab, berkomitmen, berani mengambil resiko, dan berorientasi pada tindakan untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan berkomunikasinya dalam kewirausahaan.
Türkiye, Japonya ve Güney Kore Nükleer Güç Santrali Edinme Süreçlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: BARLAK Ümmühan , OĞUL Hasan
Published: August 2022

Enerjide sürekliliği sağlayabilmek ve dışa bağımlılığı en aza indirebilmek için ülkelerin birden çok enerji kaynağını kurulu sistemler halinde yönetebilmesi gerekmektedir. Nükleer enerji düşük karbon salımlı bir enerji kaynağı olması sebebiyle çağımızın iklim değişikliği sorunuyla mücadelede kilit rol oynama potansiyeline sahip bir enerji türü olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Nükleer santraller kullandığı yakıt kütlesine oranla yüksek miktarda enerji açığa çıkarabilmesi, hava olaylarından etkilenmeden devamlı olarak enerji üretebilmesi ve elektrik üretim maliyetleri konusundaki öngörülebilirliği gibi kendine özgü özellikleri ile ülkeler tarafından tercih edilmektedir. Türkiye, Japonya ve Güney Kore nükleer güç santrali teknolojilerine sahip olabilmek için erken bir dönemde ve yaklaşık olarak aynı zaman diliminde adımlar atmaya başlayan ülkelerdendir. Japonya ve Güney Kore günümüzde kurulu birçok nükleer santrali ve geliştirmekte olduğu kendi tasarımlarıyla çeşitli alanlarda ulusal ve uluslararası projeler yürütmekte olan iki ülke konumundadır. Türkiye’de başlatılan girişimler için süreç aynı şekilde ilerlememiş ve yapılması planlanan ilk santralin inşaatına 2010’lu yıllarda başlanabilmiştir. Bu çalışmada nükleer güç santrali teknolojilerini elde etme süreçleri birbirine yakın zamanlarda başlamış olan bu üç ülkenin faaliyet süreçleri kronolojik bir düzende ele alınmış ve zaman içerisinde atılan adımlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Türkiye için mevcut durum değerlendirilerek geleceğe yönelik önerilere yer verilmiştir.
Inhibition of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Downregulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Decreases Brain Injury in a Cardiac Arrest Rat Model
Authors: YUAN Z-L , ZHANG Z-X , MO Y-Z , LI D-L , XIE L , CHEN M-H
Published: August 2022

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is the predominant cause of neurological disability after cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs)-induced apoptosis plays an important role in neuronal survival/death in CIRI. Our previous studies reported that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor, PD98059, alleviates CIRI after CA/CPR. Whether ERs-induced apoptosis is involved in the neuroprotection of PD98059 remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the effects of ERK inhibition by PD98059 on ERs-induced apoptosis after CIRI in the CA/CPR rat model. The baseline characteristics of male adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in all groups were evaluated before CA/CPR. The SD rats that survived from CA/CPR were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=12/group): normal saline group (1 ml/kg), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, the solvent of PD98059, 1 ml/kg) group, PD98059 group (0.3 mg/kg). Another 12 SD rats were randomly selected as the Sham group. Twenty-four hours after resuscitation, neural injury was assessed by survival rate, neurological deficit scores (NDS) and Nissl staining; apoptosis of brain cells was detected using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining; mRNA expression and protein levels of ERs-related protein BIP, PERK, ATF4 and CHOP were checked with RT-PCR and Western Blot. The results showed that there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics before CA/CPR among all groups. PD98059 significantly improved survival rate and NDS, increased the Nissl bodies in neurons, reduced apoptosis, downregulated the mRNA transcription and expression levels of BIP, PERK, ATF4 and CHOP at 24 h after CA/CPR. Our results demonstrate that inhibition of ERK by PD98059 alleviates ERs-induced apoptosis via BIP-PERK-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway and mitigates CIRI in the CA/CPR rat model.
Ecological and economic balanced use of natural resource potential is the way to local development of a united territorial community
Authors: Hutsuliak H. , Hutsuliak Yu.
Published: August 2022

The article has examined the problems arising from administrative and territorial reforms and decentralization reforms in the country, accompanied by the unification of territorial communities and their role in solving local development issues, which requires the formation of a qualitatively new view on the territorial communities of the basic level. It is suggested to the united territorial communities to solve the issue of provision of their subdivisions with qualified personnel, who will be able to ensure local development of the territorial community on the basis of ecological-economic balanced use of naturalresource potential.
Imitation-mussel fluorescent silicon quantum dots for selective labeling and imaging of bacteria and biofilms
Authors: Lin Jiayi , Xu Linlin , Zheng Yuling , Wu Dalin , Yue Jun
Published: August 2022

Selective labeling of distinct bacteria and biofilm is poised for the fundamental understanding of bacterial activities, interactions, and coupled phenomena occurring at the microscale. However, a simple and effective way to achieve selective bacterial labeling is still lacking. Herein, we report a fluorescence probe with core-shell nanostructure that has polydopamine (PDA) coating on the surface of fluorescent silicon quantum dots (SiQDs@PDA). The surface of the SiQDs@PDA can be functionalized by various molecules (2-mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride, PEG, d-alanine, glucose amide) through different strategies (Michael addition, π-π interaction, and ion–ion interaction). Importantly, the d-alanine (D-Ala)- and gluconamide (Glc)-functionalized SiQDs@PDA fluorescence probes are capable of selectively labeling gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as their biofilms. The excellent performance in universal functionalization and selective labeling and imaging of bacteria and their biofilms demonstrate that SiQDs@PDA are a promising fluorescence tool in microbe research.
Subtype-specific survival and regeneration of retinal ganglion cells in response to injury
Authors: Tapia Mary L. , Nascimento-dos-Santos Gabriel , Park Kevin K.
Published: August 2022

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are a heterogeneous population of neurons that function synchronously to convey visual information through the optic nerve to retinorecipient target areas in the brain. Injury or disease to the optic nerve results in RGC degeneration and loss of visual function, as few RGCs survive, and even fewer can be provoked to regenerate their axons. Despite causative insults being broadly shared, regeneration studies demonstrate that RGC types exhibit differential resilience to injury and undergo selective survival and regeneration of their axons. While most early studies have identified these RGC types based their morphological and physiological characteristics, recent advances in transgenic and gene sequencing technologies have further enabled type identification based on unique molecular features. In this review, we provide an overview of the well characterized RGC types and identify those shown to preferentially survive and regenerate in various regeneration models. Furthermore, we discuss cellular characteristics of both the resilient and susceptible RGC types including the combinatorial expression of different molecular markers that identify these specific populations. Lastly, we discuss potential molecular mechanisms and genes found to be selectively expressed by specific types that may contribute to their reparative capacity. Together, we describe the studies that lay the important groundwork for identifying factors that promote neural regeneration and help advance the development of targeted therapy for the treatment of RGC degeneration as well as neurodegenerative diseases in general.
Current role of prostate-specific membrane antigen-based imaging and radioligand therapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Jiaxian , Qi Lin , Tang Yongxiang , Tang Guyu , Gan Yu , Cai Yi
Published: August 2022

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a therapy-resistant and lethal form of prostate cancer as well as a therapeutic challenge. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been proved as a promising molecular target for optimizing the theranostics for CRPC patients. When combined with PSMA radiotracers, novel molecular imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) can provide more accurate and expedient identification of metastases when compared with conventional imaging techniques. Based on the PSMA-based PET scans, the accurate visualization of local and disseminative lesions may help in metastasis-directed therapy. Moreover, the combination of 68Ga-labeled PSMA-based PET imaging and radiotherapy using PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT) becomes a novel treatment option for CRPC patients. The existing studies have demonstrated this therapeutic strategy as an effective and well-tolerated therapy among CRPC patients. PSMA-based PET imaging can accurately detect CRPC lesions and describe their molecular features with quantitative parameters, which can be used to select the best choice of treatments, monitor the response, and predict the outcome of RLT. This review discussed the current and potential role of PSMA‐based imaging and RLT in the diagnosis, treatment, and prediction of prognosis of CRPC.
Toward practical issues: Identification and mitigation of the impurity effect in glyme solvents on the reversibility of Mg plating/stripping in Mg batteries
Authors: Yang Zhenzhen , Yang Mengxi , Hahn Nathan T. , Connell Justin , Bloom Ira , Liao Chen , Ingram Brian J. , Trahey Lynn
Published: August 2022

Reversible electrochemical magnesium plating/stripping processes are important for the development of high-energy-density Mg batteries based on Mg anodes. Ether glyme solutions such as monoglyme (G1), diglyme (G2), and triglyme (G3) with the MgTFSI2 salt are one of the conventional and commonly used electrolytes that can obtain the reversible behavior of Mg electrodes. However, the electrolyte cathodic efficiency is argued to be limited due to the enormous parasitic reductive decomposition and passivation, which is governed by impurities. In this work, a systematic identification of the impurities in these systems and their effect on the Mg deposition–dissolution processes is reported. The mitigation methods generally used for eliminating impurities are evaluated, and their beneficial effects on the improved reactivity are also discussed. By comparing the performances, we proposed a necessary conditioning protocol that can be easy to handle and much safer toward the practical application of MgTFSI2/glyme electrolytes containing impurities.
Transcriptomic changes in the large organs in lethal meningococcal shock are reflected in a porcine shock model
Authors: Brusletto Berit Sletbakk , Hellerud Bernt Christian , Olstad Ole Kristoffer , Øvstebø Reidun , Brandtzaeg Petter
Published: August 2022

Background

Fulminant meningococcal sepsis with shock and multiple organ failure is associated with a massive systemic inflammatory response involving solid organs. We have previously established a porcine model of the disease to study pathophysiologic and possible therapeutic strategies.

Objective

This study examined whether the organ specific gene expression profile in such a large animal model reflects the profile seen in patients with fulminant meningococcal sepsis.

Patients and methods

Data from gene expression profiles induced in organs from patients (n=5) and the porcine model (n=8) were imported into the Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software for comparison analysis. The number of meningococci in the organs were quantified by real time-PCR.

Results

The all-over transcriptional activation between different organs revealed a striking concordance between the patients and the pigs regarding the pattern of transcriptional activation and activated pathways. Comparison analysis demonstrated similar pattern of upregulation of genes being associated with a large range of inflammatory biofunctions in the patients and the porcine model. Genes associated with biofunctions such as organismal death, morbidity and mortality were similarly downregulated in the patients and the porcine model. Comparison analysis of main predicted canonical pathways also demonstrated a high degree of similarity regarding up- and downregulation in both groups. Core analysis revealed different top-upstream regulators in the different organs in the patients. In the patients pro-inflammatory regulators were most activated in the lungs. In the other organs up-stream factors that regulate signaling pathways involved in development, growth, repair and homeostasis and triglyceride synthesis were most activated. In the porcine model, the top-upstream regulators were pro-inflammatory in all organs. The difference may reflect the shorter duration of the porcine experiment than the duration of the patient’s infection before death.

Conclusion

The inflammatory responses measured on the transcriptomic level in organs in patients with fulminant meningococcal sepsis is reproduced in the porcine model of the disease, although some differences may exist regarding the top-upregulated factors in individual organs. Thus, this large animal model reproduces important immunological features of meningococcal sepsis and can be a valuable tool in further investigations of inflammatory aspects and possible treatment options
Hepatoprotective activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis extract in murine malaria mediated by suppression of oxidative and inflammatory processes
Authors: Aljawdah Hossam M. A. , Abdel-Gaber Rewaida , Al-Shaebi Esam M. , Thagfan Felwa A. , Al-Quraishy Saleh , Qasem Mahmood A. A. , Murshed Mutee , Mares Mohammed M. , Al-Otaibi Tahani , Hawsah Maysar Abu , Dkhil Mohamed A.
Published: August 2022

Herbal extracts are promising agents against various parasitic diseases, such as malaria. This study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative action ofEucalyptus camaldulensisextract (ECE) against hepatic damage caused byPlasmodium chabaudiinfection. Mice were allocated into five groups as follows: two groups served as the control non-infected groups that received distilled water and ECE, respectively; subsequent three groups were infected with 106 P. chabaudiparasitized erythrocytes; the last two groups were infected with the parasite and then treated with ECE and chloroquine. On day 8 post-infection, the parasite count increased inside erythrocytes (59.4% parasitemia in the infected group). Parasitemia was successfully reduced to 9.4% upon ECE treatment. Phytochemical screening using GC mass spectrometry revealed that ECE contained 23 phytochemical components. Total phenolics and flavonoids in ECE were 104 ± 2 and 7.1± 3 µg/mL, respectively, with 57.2% antioxidant activity. ECE ameliorated changes in liver histopathology and enzymatic activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. In addition, ECE prevented oxidative damage induced by the parasite in the liver, as evidenced by the change in the liver concentrations of glutathione, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and catalase. Moreover, ECE was able to regulate the expression of liver cytokines, interleukins-1β and 6, as well as IFN-γ mRNA. ECE possesses antiplasmodial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity against liver injury induced by the parasiteP. chabaudi.
Feasibility of one breath-hold cardiovascular magnetic resonance compressed sensing cine for left ventricular strain analysis
Authors: Chen Xiaorong , Pan Jiangfeng , Hu Yi , Hu Hongjie , Pan Yonghao
Published: August 2022

Objective

To investigate the feasibility of 3D left ventricular global and regional strain by using one breath-hold (BH) compressed sensing cine (CSC) protocol and determine the agreement between CSC and conventional cine (CC) protocols.

Methods

A total of 30 volunteers were enrolled in this study. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) images were acquired using a 1.436 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. The CSC protocols included one BH CSC and the shortest BH CSC protocols with different parameters and were only performed in short-axis (SA) view following CC protocols. Left ventricular (LV) end-diastole volume (EDV), end-systole volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and ejection fraction (EF) global and regional strain were calculated by CC, one BH CSC, and shortest BH CSC protocols. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variance (CV) of these parameters were used to determine the agreement between different acquisitions.

Results

The agreement of all volumetric variables and EF between the CC protocol and one BH CSC protocol was excellent (ICC > 0.9). EDV, ESV, and SV between CC and shortest BH CSC protocols also had a remarkable coherence (ICC > 0.9). The agreement of 3D LV global strain assessment between CC protocol and one BH CSC protocol was good (ICC > 0.8). Most CVs of variables were also good (CV < 15%). ICCs of all variables were lower than 0.8. CVs of all parameters were higher than 15% except global longitudinal strain (GLS) between CC and shortest BH CSC protocols. The agreement of regional strain between CC and BH CSC protocols was heterogeneous (-0.2 < ICC < 0.7). Many variables of CVs were poor.

Conclusion

Notably, one BH CSC protocol can be used for 3D global strain analysis, along with a good correlation with the CC protocol. The regional strain should continue to be computed by the CC protocol due to poor agreement and a remarkable variation between the protocols. The shortest BH CSC protocol was insufficient to replace the CC protocol for 3D global and regional strain.
Clinical implications of the biomechanics of bicuspid aortic valve and bicuspid aortopathy
Authors: Fatehi Hassanabad Ali , King Melissa A. , Di Martino Elena , Fedak Paul W. M. , Garcia Julio
Published: August 2022

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), which affects up to 2% of the general population, results from the abnormal fusion of the cusps of the aortic valve. Patients with BAV are at a higher risk for developing aortic dilatation, a condition known as bicuspid aortopathy, which is associated with potentially life-threatening sequelae such as aortic dissection and aortic rupture. Although BAV biomechanics have been shown to contribute to aortopathy, their precise impact is yet to be delineated. Herein, we present the latest literature related to BAV biomechanics. We present the most recent definitions and classifications for BAV. We also summarize the current evidence pertaining to the mechanisms that drive bicuspid aortopathy. We highlight how aberrant flow patterns can contribute to the development of aortic dilatation. Finally, we discuss the role cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can have in assessing and managing patient with BAV and bicuspid aortopathy.
Maintenance of recovered dilated cardiomyopathy patients with half-dose neurohumoral blockades (MED-CHARM): A protocol for an open-label, pilot, randomized trial
Authors: Li Pengda , Luo Xiaolin , Hou Changchun , Wu Shaofa , Wang Luyu , Sun Ning , Wang Zebi , Wang Zelan , Jin Jun , Wang Jiang , Qin Zhexue
Published: August 2022

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has brought great damage to the patients' health and social economy. The number of patients with recovered dilated cardiomyopathy (recDCM) has increased over the years as treatment progresses. However, there is a lack of relevant evidence to support the clinical management of patients with recDCM, thereby, the recommendations in guidelines remains sparse. Accordingly, the exploration of recDCM is important to improve patient prognosis and reduce societal burden. This is an open-label, randomized controlled, prospective study that will compare the safety and efficacy of original dose and halved dose of neurohumoral blockades for patients with recDCM.

Methods

An open-label, randomized controlled, prospective study will be conducted among eligible patients with recDCM. During the pilot study phase, we will recruit 50 patients. The primary endpoint is hospitalization for heart failure or heart failure relapse within 12 months. Secondary endpoint is major adverse cardiovascular events, including cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, sustained atrial tachycardia, or ventricular tachycardia. The results will be analyzed using intention-to-treatment analysis.

Discussion

The study will provide important evidence of whether it is safe and effective to halve the dosage of neurohumoral blockades in recDCM patients.

Trial registration number

ChiCTR2100054051 (www.chictr.org.cn)
Longitudinal high-frequency ethnographic interviewing to simulate and prepare for intensive smartphone data collection among veterans with homeless experience
Authors: McInnes D. Keith , Dunlap Shawn , Fix Gemmae M. , Foster Marva V. , Conti Jennifer , Roncarati Jill S. , Hyde Justeen K.
Published: August 2022

Objective

While Veteran homelessness has steadily declined over the last decade, those who continue to be unhoused have complex health and social concerns. Housing instability interferes with access to healthcare, social services, and treatment adherence. Preventing unwanted housing transitions is a public health priority. This study is the first phase of a larger research agenda that aims to test the acceptability and feasibility of smartphone-enabled data collection with veterans experiencing homelessness. In preparation for the development of the smartphone data collection application, we utilized ethnographic methods guided by user-centered design principles to inform survey content, approach to recruitment and enrollment, and design decisions.

Methods

We used a case study design, selecting a small sample (n = 10) of veterans representing a range of homelessness experiences based on risk and length of time. Participants were interviewed up to 14 times over a 4-week period, using a combination of qualitative methods. Additionally, 2 focus group discussions were conducted. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Data were synthesized and triangulated through use of rapid analysis techniques.

Results

All participants had experience using smartphones and all but one owned one at the time of enrollment. Participants described their smartphones as “lifelines” to social network members, healthcare, and social service providers. Social relationships, physical and mental health, substance use, income, and housing environment were identified as being directly and indirectly related to transitions in housing. Over the course of ~30 days of engagement with participants, the research team observed dynamic fluctuations in emotional states, relationships, and utilization of services. These fluctuations could set off a chain of events that were observed to both help participants transition into more stable housing or lead to setbacks and further increase vulnerability and instability. In addition to informing the content of survey questions that will be programmed into the smartphone app, participants also provided a broad range of recommendations for how to approach recruitment and enrollment in the future study and design features that are important to consider for veterans with a range of physical abilities, concerns with trust and privacy, and vulnerability to loss or damage of smartphones.

Conclusion

The ethnographic approach guided by a user-centered design framework provided valuable data to inform our future smartphone data collection effort. Data were critical to understanding aspects of day-to-day life that important to content development, app design, and approach to data collection.
Unconfined compressive strength and pore structure evolution law of structural clay after disturbance
Authors: Tang Bin , Xie Liang , Wang Wei , Zhou Biaohe , Gong Yanxia
Published: August 2022

The clay in the Zhanjiang Formation has thixotropic properties, which has greatly influenced the foundation engineering in the Zhanjiang area. The evolution law of macroscopic strength and clay microstructure during thixotropy can be used to explain the practical engineering problems caused by thixotropy. For undisturbed and reconstituted soil curing for a different period, unconfined compressive strength test, scanning electron microscopy, and mercury injection porosimetry test were carried out to obtain the unconfined compressive strength and pore structure evolution law in the thixotropic process. The results indicate that the Zhanjiang Formation structural clay is very sensitive to disturbance and its unconfined compressive strength decreases from 180.29 to 11.73 kPa after the natural structure is completely destructed. After 300 d of curing, the unconfined compressive strength of clay increased from 11.73 to 53.43 kPa because of thixotropy, which increased by 3.55 times. The stacking flaky flocculation structure of the undisturbed soil is destructed by reconstituting, turning to flaky flocculation structure, and the large pores are homogenized, the small pores develop into medium pores, and there is a decrease in soil strength. In the process of thixotropy, the soil particles gradually coagulate and form an aggregates flocculation structure, and the strength of clay increases with the increase in the degree of cementation. Based on the results, the thixotropic pattern of clay was established and its thixotropic mechanism was explained.
DEM analysis of micromechanics and buffering capacity of superquadric mixture granular materials under impact load
Authors: Qiu Hongzhi , Yuan Jintao , Han Peifeng , Yang Miao , Huang Wenyao , Fang Xu , Li Yuxin
Published: August 2022

As one of the most common geological disasters, rockfalls seriously threaten the safety of linear projects such as roads, railways, and oil and natural gas pipelines. The rigid protective structures that are used for disaster reduction are easily damaged by the impact of rockfalls, which affects the service life of structures. Consequently, the buffer layer has been introduced to resolve this problem. In this work, numerical simulations were carried out by the discrete element method to study the interaction between falling rocks and the granular medium of a soil cushion layer that is installed on a rigid structure. The falling rock is modeled as a single sphere and the soil cushion layer is modeled as a component composed of a collection under the action of gravity, where the filled particles of the soil cushion layer are based on superquadric spheres generated by the superquadric surface equation. This paper uses three shapes (i.e., spheres, cubes, and cylinders) to mix and match as the soil cushion layer. The buffer performance of different mixed material buffer layers is investigated by analyzing the pressure of the bottom plate. The force chain propagation process is investigated by analyzing the comparison of the force chains of the soil cushion layers with different thickness and different filling particles after being impacted. The energy propagation process was studied by analyzing the evolution of the kinetic energy of the particles after the impact of the soil cushion layer.
Fault-bounded models of oil–Gas and gas–Hydrate accumulation in the Chaoshan Depression, the South China Sea
Authors: Guangjian Zhong , Changmao Feng , Yanlin Wang , Shenghong Chen , Ming Sun , Hai Yi , Junhui Yu , Jing Zhao , Zhongquan Zhao
Published: August 2022

The Dongsha Basin is a large Mesozoic basin extended from the northern South China Sea (SCS) to onshore South China. Though long-term uplift and denudation occurred since the end of the Mesozoic, still thick Mesozoic strata (up to 5,000 m) relict over the Dongsha waters where lies the largest depression, Chaoshan Depression, covering an area of 3.7 × 104 km2. It was confirmed by a drilling hole, the well LF35-1-1, that high organic carbon-bearing marine Jurassic layers are present in the depression. However, due to the complexity of the superposed Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonism and poor imaging quality in previous surveys, the petroleum geology remains poorly understood in view of the deep basin structure, the Mesozoic hydrocarbon migration conditions, and the oil–gas accumulation mechanism. In recent surveys, the seismic imaging quality has been significantly improved by employing long and quasi-3D seismic streamer techniques. Correlating with the regional geology onshore the South China, drilling data of the Well LF35-1-1, and well-tying seismic profiles, it is found that two sets of source rocks are developed in the semi-closed gulf during the Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic and the Upper Jurassic. Their effective thicknesses are estimated as 495 m and 600 m, respectively, being hopeful with high hydrocarbon generation potentials. During the Dongsha Movement that occurred in the late Cenozoic, deep faults have been extensively activated to disturb the overlying sequences, even in some places breaking through the seafloor. A potential trap structure, DS-A, is found in an intra-sag bulge which is bounded by antithetic and synthetic faults. The oil and gas generated in the neighboring sags can migrate along the faults into reservoir layers at higher levels. The antithetic faults also play the role of seal for oil and gas from the hanging wall. Apparent flat bright spots appearing within the DS-A trap indicate likely entrapment of layered petroleum. The synthetic faults on the opposite side of the DS-A structure, although fails to seal oil–gas reservoirs, provide plumbing channels for oil and gas to leak to the shallow layers above which a few pockmarks and mud volcanoes are visible. As the water depth of the continental slope there ranges from 300 m to 2000 m, it is likely for the leaked gas to form natural gas hydrates. A close cogenetic interrelation exists between the natural gas hydrates at the seafloor and oil–gas reservoirs in the deep.