bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Becoming Self-Compassionate Step by Step — a Field Study on the Effect of Long-Distance Walking on Self-Compassion in Hikers Traveling the Camino Francés
Authors: Steininger Yves , Braun Andreas , Morgenroth Olaf
Published: December 2022

Objectives

The present longitudinal field study investigated whether hiking the Camino Francés strengthened self-compassion and tested covered distance, hikers’ motives, and walking alone vs. with other hikers as predictors of the increase.

Method

In the prospective main study with 104 hikers, 67.3% female, M = 36.3 years (SD = 14.2), change was measured by the difference between the first measurement taken on the way and the second measurement at arrival. Additionally, 21 participants, 52.4% female, M = 34.3 years (SD = 14), were recruited upon arrival and reported their actual and their retrospectively rated self-compassion at the start of their tour. Two follow-ups were conducted after 3 weeks and 6 months. Participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) along with measures for mood and life satisfaction.

Results

An increase in self-compassion was observed with d = 0.22 (p = 0.024) in the prospective data, and d = 0.56 (p = 0.018) in the retrospective data, which persisted throughout the follow-ups. In the prospective study, self-compassion was a stronger predictor of mood across time than vice versa. The increase in self-compassion was stronger in participants who walked longer distances (β = .25) and underwent a critical life event (β = .21).

Conclusions

The results suggest long-distance walking as a promising additional means to strengthen self-compassion that could be integrated into compassion training programs. Future research should replicate the observed change across settings and related constructs, determine its causes, and investigate the interdependence of walking and meditation practices in stimulating self-compassion.

Preregistration

This study was not preregistered.
Recent Advances in One-Dimensional Micro/Nanomotors: Fabrication, Propulsion and Application
Authors: Zheng Yuhong , Zhao He , Cai Yuepeng , Jurado-Sánchez Beatriz , Dong Renfeng
Published: December 2022

Due to their tiny size, autonomous motion and functionalize modifications, micro/nanomotors have shown great potential for environmental remediation, biomedicine and micro/nano-engineering. One-dimensional (1D) micro/nanomotors combine the characteristics of anisotropy and large aspect ratio of 1D materials with the advantages of functionalization and autonomous motion of micro/nanomotors for revolutionary applications. In this review, we discuss current research progress on 1D micro/nanomotors, including the fabrication methods, driving mechanisms, and recent advances in environmental remediation and biomedical applications, as well as discuss current challenges and possible solutions. With continuous attention and innovation, the advancement of 1D micro/nanomotors will pave the way for the continued development of the micro/nanomotor field.
God Images in the Cities of Bilbao, Cordoba, Lima, and Montevideo: a Qualitative Study
Authors: de León Juan Luis , Rodríguez Lidia , Uriarte Luzio , Vide Vicente , Basterretxea Iziar
Published: December 2022

The aim of this article is to analyze God images reflected in 57 interviews conducted among Catholics, Evangelicals, and other people without religious self-identification (“unaffiliated”). The interviews, which follow the Lived Religion approach, were carried out in three Latin American cities (Córdoba, Lima, and Montevideo), and in the city of Bilbao (Spain). In the latter city, both the Latin American immigrant population and the local population were considered. The systematic analysis of the interviews lets us identify a multi-faceted imaginary of the divine with diverse nuances in the images of the benevolent God, the authoritarian God and other hybrid God images. Likewise, it is striking to note what is, and what is not God, as it is reflected in various interviews. The analysis of the identified quotations suggests some differences in God images, based on geographical location and religious belonging, as well as the specific case of the unaffiliated to any religious faith.
A fresh view of China’s OFDI, its motivations and risks thereto
Authors: Foster M. John
Published: December 2022

The aims of this paper are: to examine the key reasons for the locations of and the reasons for China’s OFDI as it boomed and became a major OFDI player in the global economy; and, to assess the existence and nature of possible risks to such a boom continuing. The core of the paper, in its second section, is a time-indexed review of findings relating to the first theme noted above. The broad conclusions are that: China’s OFDI has been a great success in the period 2005–2019; its motivations have included all the usual possibilities, such as access to resources, market access, access to and reverse engineering of technology (very broadly construed), and access to cheap labour for manufacturing; but, it has also sought to wield political influence via infrastructural investment, and its increasingly hostile attitudes in geopolitical terms in the past decade may pose consequential threats to a continuation of the success to date.
The role of heat pump in heating decarbonization for China carbon neutrality
Authors: YAN Hongzhi , WANG Ruzhu , Zhang Chuan , Xu Zhenyuan , Hu Bin , Shao Zhao
Published: December 2022

Heating decarbonization is a major challenge for China to meet its 2060 carbon neutral commitment, yet most existing studies on China’s carbon neutrality focus on supply side (e.g., grid decarbonization, zero-carbon fuel) rather than demand side (e.g., heating and cooling in buildings and industry). In terms of end use energy consumption, heating and cooling accounts for 50% of the total energy consumption, and heat pumps would be an effective driver for heating decarbonization along with the decarbonization on power generation side. Previous study has discussed the underestimated role of the heat pump in achieving China’s goal of carbon neutrality by 2060. In this paper, various investigation and assessments on heat pumps from research to applications are presented. The maximum decarbonization potential from heat pump in a carbon neutral China future could reach around 1532Mton and 670Mton for buildings and industrial heating respectively, which show nearly 2 billion tons CO2 emission reduction, 20% current CO2 emission in China. Moreover, a region-specific technology roadmap for heat pump development in China is suggested. With collaborated efforts from government incentive, technology R&D, and market regulation, heat pump could play a significant role in China’s 2060 carbon neutrality.
Differential manifestation of RONS and antioxidant enzymes in response to singular versus combinatorial stress in Chironomus ramosus
Authors: Bomble Pratibha , Nath Bimalendu B.
Published: December 2022

In nature, organisms face multiple abiotic stress concurrently. Our previous study has indicated how threshold level of lethality depends on the type and combination of stressors. Many mechanisms exist by which organisms respond to stressors and maintain homeostasis. We examined the homeostatic pliability in an extremophilic oriental midge Chironomus ramosus larvae under various combinatorial stress conditions of desiccation (DS), heat (HS) and starvation (SS). Exposure to these stressors led to activation of a common response pathway of oxidative stress. Abundance of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase along with selective as well as stressor specific increase in total antioxidant capacity were reflected from the corresponding level of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in larvae exposed to various combinatorial stress. Additionally, we found stressor specific increment in lipid peroxidation level, protein carbonyl content and advanced oxidative protein products during the stress regime. Further investigation revealed a sharp decline in the activity of mitochondrial aconitase enzyme activity in response to abiotic stress induced oxidative stress. The combinatorial stressor specific comparative study based on biochemical and fluorescence based redox-endpoint assays confirmed that the generation of oxidative stress is the consequential convergent pathway of DS, HS and SS, but the quantum of RONS decides the redox potential of homeostatic response and survival rate.
Orbital-active Dirac materials from the symmetry principle
Authors: Xu Shenglong , Wu Congjun
Published: December 2022

Dirac materials, starting with graphene, have drawn tremendous research interest in the past decade. Instead of focusing on the $p_{z}$

p
z

orbital as in graphene, we move a step further and study orbital-active Dirac materials, where the orbital degrees of freedom transform as a two-dimensional irreducible representation of the lattice point group. Examples of orbital-active Dirac materials occur in a broad class of systems, including transition-metal-oxide heterostructures, transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers, germanene, stanene, and optical lattices. Different systems are unified based on symmetry principles. The band structure of orbital-active Dirac materials features Dirac cones at $K(K')$
K
(

K
′

)
and quadratic band touching points at Γ, regardless of the origin of the orbital degrees of freedom. In the strong anisotropy limit, i.e., when the π-bonding can be neglected, flat bands appear due to the destructive interference. These features make orbital-active Dirac materials an even wider playground for searching for exotic states of matter, such as the Dirac semi-metal, ferromagnetism, Wigner crystallization, quantum spin Hall state, and quantum anomalous Hall state.
The Ten Most Common Questions on Cytomegalovirus Infection in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients
Authors: Zakhour Johnny , Allaw Fatima , Haddad Sara F. , Kanj Souha S.
Published: December 2022

With the rising number of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), clinicians are more likely to encounter infectious complications in immunocompromised hosts, particularly cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Besides the high mortality of CMV end-organ disease, patients with detectable CMV viremia may have worse outcomes and decreased survival even in the absence of end-organ disease. In view of the implications on morbidity and mortality, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion and initiate antiviral drugs promptly when CMV infection is confirmed. High-risk patients should be identified in order to provide optimal management. Additionally, novel antiviral agents with a good safety profile and minor adverse events are now available for prophylaxis in high-risk patients and for treatment of resistant or refractory CMV infection. The following review provides concise, yet comprehensive, guidance on the burden and risk factors of CMV in this population, as well as an update on the latest evidence for the management of CMV infection.
Ascent rates of 3-D fractures driven by a finite batch of buoyant fluid
Authors: Davis Timothy , Rivalta Eleonora , Smittarello Delphine , Katz Richard F.
Published: December 2022

Propagation of fluid-filled fractures by fluid buoyancy is important in a variety of settings, from magmatic dykes and veins to water-filled crevasses in glaciers. Industrial hydro-fracturing utilises fluid-driven fractures to increase the permeability of rock formations, but few studies have quantified the effect of buoyancy on fracture pathways in this context. Analytical approximations for the buoyant ascent rate facilitate observation-based inference of buoyant effects in natural and engineered systems. Such analysis exists for two-dimensional fractures, but real fractures are three-dimensional (3-D). Here we present novel analysis to predict the buoyant ascent speed of 3-D fractures containing a fixed-volume batch of fluid. We provide two estimates of the ascent rate: an upper limit applicable at early time, and an asymptotic estimate (proportional to$t^{-2/3}$) describing how the speed decays at late time. We infer and verify these predictions by comparison with numerical experiments across a range of scales and analogue experiments on liquid oil in solid gelatine. We find the ascent speed is a function of the fluid volume, density, viscosity and the elastic parameters of the host medium. Our approximate solutions predict the ascent rate of fluid-driven fractures across a broad parameter space, including cases of water injection in shale and magmatic dykes. Our results demonstrate that in the absence of barriers or fluid loss, both dykes and industrial hydro-fractures can ascend by buoyancy over a kilometre within a day. We infer that barriers and fluid loss must cause the arrest of ascending fractures in industrial settings.
Adverse effects of COVID-19 pandemic on a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abu Jawdeh Elie G. , Hunt Carl E. , Eichenwald Eric , Corwin Michael J. , McEntire Betty , Heeren Timothy , Crowell Lisa M. , Ikponmwonba Christine , Saroufim Ariana , Kerr Stephen ,   the ICAF Study Group,   Steering Committee, Darnall Robert , Poets Christian , Revenis Mary ,   Clinical Sites, Tyree Melissa , Pokelsek Ann , Stark Ann , Frantz Ivan , Thakkar Neha , Hansen Rachel , Mancini Toni , Dhawan Megan , Hartman Tyler , McNally Mary , Martini Karlyn , Fort Prem , Flanagan Sarah , Babushkin Tamara , Sivilich Haley , Balaraman Venkataraman , Tong Micah , Goldstein Mitchell , Ramirez Tina , Gray-Hutto Nikia , Tugung Ashra , Quire Kimberly , Butler Sara , Hobbs Carrie , Rhein Lawrence , Shenoy Anjana , Simoncini Lindsey , Patel Jaimin , Williams Heather , Giachelli Chelsea , Dobson Nicole , Schulz Elizabeth , Fitzpatrick Judith
Published: December 2022

Objective

Describe the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on subject enrollment in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Study design

We assessed the number of eligible infants approached and consented for enrollment over five separate epochs including baseline, peak pandemic, and gradual but incomplete recovery.

Result

The pandemic had a major effect on ability to approach parents for consent. Parents approached dropped from 95.4% baseline to 13.1% in the peak pandemic epoch and has not recovered to baseline even in the just-completed post-pandemic epoch (84.9%). Despite the decrease in subjects approached, there was no significant change in the overall consent rate for the study

Conclusion

The pandemic has significantly limited ability to approach parents of eligible infants for consent, with only partial recovery. Opportunities for interactions of investigators and study coordinators with parents continue to present challenges limiting full recovery.
Dynamic 18F-Pretomanid PET imaging in animal models of TB meningitis and human studies
Authors: Mota Filipa , Ruiz-Bedoya Camilo A. , Tucker Elizabeth W. , Holt Daniel P. , De Jesus Patricia , Lodge Martin A. , Erice Clara , Chen Xueyi , Bahr Melissa , Flavahan Kelly , Kim John , Brosnan Mary Katherine , Ordonez Alvaro A. , Peloquin Charles A. , Dannals Robert F. , Jain Sanjay K.
Published: December 2022

Pretomanid is a nitroimidazole antimicrobial active against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and approved in combination with bedaquiline and linezolid (BPaL) to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). However, the penetration of these antibiotics into the central nervous system (CNS), and the efficacy of the BPaL regimen for TB meningitis, are not well established. Importantly, there is a lack of efficacious treatments for TB meningitis due to MDR strains, resulting in high mortality. We have developed new methods to synthesize 18F-pretomanid (chemically identical to the antibiotic) and performed cross-species positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to noninvasively measure pretomanid concentration-time profiles. Dynamic PET in mouse and rabbit models of TB meningitis demonstrates excellent CNS penetration of pretomanid but cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels does not correlate with those in the brain parenchyma. The bactericidal activity of the BPaL regimen in the mouse model of TB meningitis is substantially inferior to the standard TB regimen, likely due to restricted penetration of bedaquiline and linezolid into the brain parenchyma. Finally, first-in-human dynamic 18F-pretomanid PET in six healthy volunteers demonstrates excellent CNS penetration of pretomanid, with significantly higher levels in the brain parenchyma than in CSF. These data have important implications for developing new antibiotic treatments for TB meningitis.
Metagenomic analysis reveals unexplored diversity of archaeal virome in the human gut
Authors: Li Ran , Wang Yongming , Hu Han , Tan Yan , Ma Yingfei
Published: December 2022

The human gut microbiome has been extensively explored, while the archaeal viruses remain largely unknown. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the archaeal viruses from the human gut metagenomes and the existing virus collections using the CRISPR spacer and viral signature-based approach. This results in 1279 viral species, of which, 95.2% infect Methanobrevibacteria_A, 56.5% shared high identity (>95%) with the archaeal proviruses, 37.2% have a host range across archaeal species, and 55.7% are highly prevalent in the human population (>1%). A methanogenic archaeal virus-specific gene for pseudomurein endoisopeptidase (PeiW) frequently occurs in the viral sequences (n = 150). Analysis of 33 Caudoviricetes viruses with a complete genome often discovers the genes (integrase, n = 29; mazE, n = 10) regulating the viral lysogenic-lytic cycle, implying the dominance of temperate viruses in the archaeal virome. Together, our work uncovers the unexplored diversity of archaeal viruses, revealing the novel facet of the human gut microbiome.
The phosphatidylinositol-transfer protein Nir3 promotes PI(4,5)P2 replenishment in response to TCR signaling during T cell development and survival
Authors: Lu Wen , Helou Ynes A. , Shrinivas Krishna , Liou Jen , Au-Yeung Byron B. , Weiss Arthur
Published: December 2022

Hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by phospholipase C-γ (PLCγ1) represents a critical step in T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling and subsequent thymocyte and T cell responses. PIP2 replenishment following its depletion in the plasma membrane (PM) is dependent on delivery of its precursor phosphatidylinositol (PI) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the PM. We show that a PI transfer protein (PITP), Nir3 (Pitpnm2), promotes PIP2 replenishment following TCR stimulation and is important for T cell development. In Nir3–/– T lineage cells, the PIP2 replenishment following TCR stimulation is slower. Nir3 deficiency attenuates calcium mobilization in double-positive (DP) thymocytes in response to weak TCR stimulation. This impaired TCR signaling leads to attenuated thymocyte development at TCRβ selection and positive selection as well as diminished mature T cell fitness in Nir3–/– mice. This study highlights the importance of PIP2 replenishment mediated by PITPs at ER-PM junctions during TCR signaling.
A quantum-like cognitive approach to modeling human biased selection behavior
Authors: Meghdadi Aghdas , Akbarzadeh-T M. R. , Javidan Kurosh
Published: December 2022

Cognitive biases of the human mind significantly influence the human decision-making process. However, they are often neglected in modeling selection behaviors and hence deemed irrational. Here, we introduce a cognitive quantum-like approach for modeling human biases by simulating society as a quantum system and using a Quantum-like Bayesian network (QBN) structure. More specifically, we take inspiration from the electric field to improve our recent entangled QBN approach to model the initial bias due to unequal probabilities in parent nodes. Entangled QBN structure is particularly suitable for modeling bias behavior due to changing the state of systems with each observation and considering every decision-maker an integral part of society rather than an isolated agent. Hence, biases caused by emotions between agents or past personal experiences are also modeled by the social entanglement concept motivated by entanglement in quantum physics. In this regard, we propose a bias potential function and a new quantum-like entanglement witness in Hilbert space to introduce a biased variant of the entangled QBN (BEQBN) model based on quantum probability. The predictive BEQBN is evaluated on two well-known empirical tasks. Results indicate the superiority of the BEQBN by achieving the first rank compared to classical BN and six QBN approaches and presenting more realistic predictions of human behaviors.
Psychometric properties of the learning perception questionnaire in Mexican’s students
Authors: Baños Raúl , Machado-Parra Juan Pablo , Arrayales-Millán Emilio , Baena-Extremera Antonio
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to analyze the psychometric properties of the learning perception questionnaire (CPA) presented in this research. It was administered to a total of 1496 students in Baja California and Nuevo León, of the total sample, 748 were girls (Mage = 14.0, SD = 0.3), and 748 boys (Age = 14.1, SD = 0.3). The analyses support the hypothesized theoretical model of origin, presenting an acceptable internal consistency and temporal stability. The model fit data was excellent; furthermore, the examined model meets the convergent validity requirements. External validity was explored by examining the predictive relationship of the scale studied with Satisfaction with School. The CPA has a strong predictive relationship with student satisfaction/fun in class, while it is negative with boredom. Thus, the higher the perception of learning, the less likely that students will be bored in class. It is concluded, therefore, that the CPA scale is a proven instrument and that it serves to assess the perception of key learning by secondary school students.
Thermometry of stored molecular ion beams
Authors: Shahi Abhishek , Sharma Deepak , Kumar Sunil , Mishra Saurabh , Rahinov Igor , Heber Oded , Zajfman Daniel
Published: December 2022

The radiative cooling of a stored, initially rotationally hot OH$$^{-}$$

-

ion beam is probed by photodetachment using an electrostatic ion beam trap combined with an in-trap velocity map imaging spectrometer, providing direct measurement of the time-dependent rotational population. The rotational temperatures are estimated from photodetached electron spectra as a function of time using a Boltzmann distribution model and further verified by a rate law model using known Einstein coefficients. We demonstrate that during the entire cooling time, the rotational population can be well described by a Boltzmann distribution.
The rhizospheric bacterial diversity of Fritillaria taipaiensis under single planting pattern over five years
Authors: Zhou You , Mu Maojun , Yang Min , Yang Xiaohong , Zhang Hua , Guo Dongqin , Zhou Nong
Published: December 2022

Rhizospheric microorganisms can profoundly influence the nutritional status of soil and the growth of plant. To reveal the change on the bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of Fritillaria taipaiensis under long-term single planting, the bacterial community structure in the rhizospheric soils of F. taipaiensis with different cultivation years from 1 to 5 were analyzed. The result showed the Chao1 and the ACE indices of the bacterial community had no significant difference among samples while the Shannon and Simpson indices declined with the cutivation year; the intra group beta diversity of the rhizospheric bacteria increased after a initial decline with the cultivation year; in the sample with 1 year of cultivation, the dominant bacterial genera were mainly the species that can improve the soil nutrient status and promote plant growth while with the increase of cultivation year, the dominant genera in samples then gradually reflected the pathogen accumulation and soil nutrient status deterioration; pH was the most significant factor affected by the bacterial community composition. These results indicated long term continuous cropping changed the bacterial community structure and soil nutritional status in the F. taipaiensis rhizospheric soils, which could badly affect its growth.
Collective behavior of soft self-propelled disks with rotational inertia
Authors: De Karmakar Soumen , Chugh Anshika , Ganesh Rajaraman
Published: December 2022

We investigate collective properties of a large system of soft self-propelled inertial disks with active Langevin dynamics simulation in two dimensions. Rotational inertia of the disks is found to favor motility induced phase separation (MIPS), due to increased effective persistence of the disks. The MIPS phase diagram in the parameter space of rotational inertia and disk softness is reported over a range of values of translation inertia and self-propulsion strength of the disks. Our analytical prediction of the phase boundary between the homogeneous (no-MIPS) and MIPS state in the limit of small and large rotational inertia is found to agree with the numerical data over a large range of translational inertia. Shape of the high density MIPS phase is found to change from circular to rectangular one as the system moves away from the phase boundary. Structural and dynamical properties of the system, measured by several physical quantities, are found to be invariant in the central region of the high density MIPS phase, whereas they are found to vary gradually near the peripheral region of the high density phase. Importantly, the width of the peripheral region near the phase boundary is much larger compared to the narrow peripheral region far away from the phase boundary. Rich dynamics of the disks inside the high density MIPS phase is addressed. Spatial correlation of velocity of the disks is found to increase with rotational inertia and disk hardness. However, temporal correlation of the disks’ velocity is found to be a function of rotational inertia, while it is independent of disk softness.
Biases in human perception of facial age are present and more exaggerated in current AI technology
Authors: Ganel Tzvi , Sofer Carmel , Goodale Melvyn A.
Published: December 2022

Our estimates of a person’s age from their facial appearance suffer from several well-known biases and inaccuracies. Typically, for example, we tend to overestimate the age of smiling faces compared to those with a neutral expression, and the accuracy of our estimates decreases for older faces. The growing interest in age estimation using artificial intelligence (AI) technology raises the question of how AI compares to human performance and whether it suffers from the same biases. Here, we compared human performance with the performance of a large sample of the most prominent AI technology available today. The results showed that AI is even less accurate and more biased than human observers when judging a person’s age—even though the overall pattern of errors and biases is similar. Thus, AI overestimated the age of smiling faces even more than human observers did. In addition, AI showed a sharper decrease in accuracy for faces of older adults compared to faces of younger age groups, for smiling compared to neutral faces, and for female compared to male faces. These results suggest that our estimates of age from faces are largely driven by particular visual cues, rather than high-level preconceptions. Moreover, the pattern of errors and biases we observed could provide some insights for the design of more effective AI technology for age estimation from faces.
Calculation of hole spacing and surrounding rock damage analysis under the action of in situ stress and joints
Authors: Tian Xingchao , Tao Tiejun , Liu Xia , Jia Jian , Xie Caijin , Lou Qianxing , Chen Qingzhi , Zhao Zhenhua
Published: December 2022

In situ stress and joints have a significant impact on the propagation and attenuation pattern of blast stress waves, and they are two important factors that must be considered for tunnel blasting hole network deployment. This paper proposes a blast stress wave attenuation equation and a peripheral hole distance calculation method under the combined action of in situ stress and joints. First, the static and dynamic parameters of the jointed slate are obtained by drilling core samples in the field and conducting indoor tests. Next, considering the geometric and physical attenuation of the blast stress wave, the attenuation formula of the blast stress wave under the combined action of in situ stress and joints is derived. Based on the theory of the combined action of stress waves and explosive gas, a formula for calculating the peripheral hole distance that integrates the effects of in situ stress, joints, and tensile strength of the rock body is proposed. Finally, LS-PREPOST software is used to analyze the damage to the surrounding rock, verified by an on-site blasting test. The results show that the blast stress wave attenuation formula proposed in this paper can accurately predict the stress wave peak value under the combined action of in situ stress and joints. Combining the geological conditions and blasting parameters of the Bayueshan Tunnel study section, the optimal peripheral hole spacing is calculated to be 45 cm. The average over-excavation value of the grade IV surrounding rock is controlled within 22 cm and the over-consumption of concrete per linear meter is controlled within 100% using the peripheral hole layout method and the hole network layout parameters proposed in this paper. The research results provide a reference for the control of over-excavation and under-excavation in large-section tunnel blasting.
The occurrence and molecular identification of Thelazia spp. in European bison (Bison bonasus) in the Bieszczady Mountains
Authors: Filip-Hutsch Katarzyna , Laskowski Zdzisław , Myczka Anna W. , Czopowicz Michał , Moskwa Bożena , Demiaszkiewicz Aleksander W.
Published: December 2022

Infection with Thelazia nematodes results in eye disease in wild and domestic animals. The aim of the present study was to describe the occurrence of Thelazia nematodes in European bison, and to subject the isolated parasites to molecular identification and phylogenetical analysis. The eyeballs of 18 European bison from the Bieszczady Mountains, culled due to dysfunctional vision, were collected for study. The conjunctival sacs, tear ducts, corneal surface and nictitating membrane were rinsed with a saline solution. Any obtained nematodes were isolated under a stereoscopic microscope, and then identified as T. gulosa or T. skrjabini by molecular analysis of partial cox1 sequences. The prevalence of infection with Thelazia spp. was found to be 61%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI 95%) of 39–80%. Thelazia skrjabini was isolated from 56% (CI 95% 34–75%) of examined animals; T. gulosa was significantly less common (p = 0.038) with the prevalence of infection reaching 22% (CI 95% 9–45%). Three European bison were cross-infected with both T. gulosa and T. skrjabini. Phylogenetic analysis found the obtained sequences to be similar to those of Thelazia species from domestic ungulates in Europe. Infection intensity ranged from 1 to 16 nematodes per individual (median of three nematodes), and was significantly higher in females (6 nematodes) than in males (1 nematode; p = 0.019). A tendency for seasonal occurrence of nematodes in European bison was also observed. Our study provides further information regarding the patterns of Thelazia transmission in European bison in Poland.
Secular trends and age-period-cohort effect on adverse perinatal outcomes in Hubei, China (2011–2019)
Authors: Li Hui , Shi Yuanmei , Ahmed Zahoor , khan Abbas , Xu Kang , Yin Xiaoping , Nawsherwan  , Zhang Hong
Published: December 2022

The increasing trend in the incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes is a public health concern globally as well as in China. However, the causes of the increasing trend are not well understood. The present tertiary-hospital-based retrospective study (2011–2019) aims to determine the secular trends and age-period-cohort effect on adverse perinatal outcomes in Hubei, China. The age-standardized incidence rates of adverse perinatal outcomes significantly decreased such as preterm births by 22% [AAPC − 3.4% (95% CI − 7.8, − 1.2)], low birth weight (LBW) by 28.5% [AAPC − 4.7% (95% CI − 6.0, − 3.3)], and fetal distress by 64.2% [AAPC − 14.0% (95% CI − 17.8, − 10.0)] during 2011–2019. Both extremes of maternal age groups (18–20 years and 42–44 years) had a higher risk ratio for adverse perinatal outcomes including preterm birth, perinatal mortality, LBW, low ponderal index (LPI), low Apgar score, and congenital defect compared to the reference age group (30–32 years). A higher risk ratio for perinatal mortality, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and fetal distress and a lower risk ratio for preterm births and LBW were observed in the period 2017–2019. Both the young cohort (1997–1999) and the old cohort (1976–1969) had a higher risk ratio for preterm birth, perinatal mortality, macrosomia, and congenital defect compared to the reference cohort (1982–1984). In conclusion, some of the adverse perinatal outcomes incidence significantly decreased in the last 9 years in Hubei. However, extremes of maternal age groups and both young and old cohorts were associated with a higher risk of preterm birth, perinatal mortality, and congenital defect.
Axl receptor induces efferocytosis, dampens M1 macrophage responses and promotes heart pathology in Trypanosoma cruzi infection
Authors: Rigoni Thaís S. , Vellozo Natália S. , Guimarães-Pinto Kamila , Cabral-Piccin Mariela , Fabiano-Coelho Laryssa , Matos-Silva Thayane C. , Filardy Alessandra A. , Takiya Christina M. , Lopes Marcela F.
Published: December 2022

Adaptive immunity controlsTrypanosoma cruziinfection, but the protozoan parasite persists and causes Chagas disease. T cells undergo apoptosis, and the efferocytosis of apoptotic cells might suppress macrophages and exacerbate parasite infection. Nonetheless, the receptors involved in the efferocytosis of apoptotic lymphocytes during infection remain unknow. Macrophages phagocytose apoptotic cells by using the TAM (Tyro3, Axl, Mer) family of receptors. To address how the efferocytosis of apoptotic cells affects macrophage-mediated immunity, we employ here Axl receptor- and Mer receptor-deficient mouse strains. In bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), both Axl and Mer receptors play a role in the efferocytosis of proapoptotic T cells fromT. cruzi-infected mice. Moreover, treatment with a TAM receptor inhibitor blocks efferocytosis and upregulates M1 hallmarks induced by immune T cells from infected mice. Remarkably, the use of Axl−/−but not Mer−/−macrophages increases T-cell-induced M1 responses, such as nitric oxide production and control of parasite infection. Furthermore, infected Axl−/−mice show reduced peak parasitemia, defective efferocytosis, improved M1 responses, and ameliorated cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Therefore, Axl induces efferocytosis, disrupts M1 responses, and promotes parasite infection and pathology in experimental Chagas disease. Axl stands as a potential host-direct target for switching macrophage phenotypes in infectious diseases.
A DNA walker triggered isothermal amplification method based on freezing construction of AuNP probes and its application in ricin detection
Authors: Sun Xuan , Wang Weiya , Chai Yanyan , Zheng Zhou , Wang Yu , Bi Jing , Wang Qian , Hu Yonggang , Gao Zhixian
Published: December 2022

A DNA walker triggered exponential amplification method based on freezing construction of AuNP probes is developed to detect ricin, showing a lower detection limit, satisfactory specificity, and excellent stability in practical application.
A two-photon responsive hydroxyphenylquinazolinone (HPQ)-based fluorescent organic nanoprodrug for H2S release against oxidative stress
Authors: Chaudhuri Amrita , Singha Tara , Jena Bikash Chandra , Shee Maniklal , Datta Prasanta Kumar , Mandal Mahitosh , Singh N. D. Pradeep
Published: December 2022

The development of an efficient two-photon responsive HPQ-based fluorescent organic nanoprodrug for H2S release against oxidative stress.
Unlocking geminal fluorohaloalkanes in nucleophilic fluoroalkylation chemistry: generation and trapping of lithiumfluorocarbenoids enabled by flow microreactors
Authors: Spennacchio Mauro , Colella Marco , Andresini Michael , Dibenedetto Roberta Savina , Graziano Elena , Aramini Andrea , Degennaro Leonardo , Luisi Renzo
Published: December 2022

A direct nucleophilic monofluoroalkylation strategy leveraging on lithium fluorocarbenoids has been developed.
Revealing the biotoxicity of phosphorene oxide nanosheets based on the villin headpiece
Authors: Zhang Wei , Gou Yuanyuan , Cheng Li , Dong Kaiwei , Sheng Yijie , Ye Chao , Yang Xianqing , Mu Yuguang
Published: December 2022

The disruption of phosphorene oxide (PO) nanosheets to the protein structure is enhanced with increasing oxidation concentration of PO, while PO’s oxidation mode has very little effect on the PO-HP35 interaction.
Polarization-sensitive multi-frequency switches and high-performance slow light based on quadruple plasmon-induced transparency in a patterned graphene-based terahertz metamaterial
Authors: Li Yuhui , Xu Yiping , Jiang Jiabao , Cheng Shubo , Yi Zao , Xiao Guohui , Zhou Xianwen , Wang Ziyi , Chen Zhanyu
Published: December 2022

A periodic patterned graphene-based terahertz metamaterial comprising three transverse graphene strips and one longitudinal continuous graphene ribbon is proposed to achieve a dynamically tunable quadruple plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effect.
Investigation of resonance excitation of trace elements using resonant laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (RLIBS)
Authors: Ma Shixiang , Liu Yachao , Tian Hongwu , Guo Lianbo , Dong Daming
Published: December 2022

Lead (Pb) in samples could be selectively excited using resonant laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (RLIBS).
Synthesis and photophysical properties of rare earth (La, Nd, Gd, Y, Ho) complexes with silanediamido ligands bearing a chelating phenylbenzothiazole chromophore
Authors: Mironova Olga A. , Ryadun Aleksey A. , Sukhikh Taisiya S. , Pushkarevsky Nikolay A. , Konchenko Sergey N.
Published: December 2022

A new silanediamine ligand L2− bearing planar Ph-benzothiazole groups gives complexes [LnL2]− with larger Ln cations (La, Nd, Gd, Y), and [HoLCl2Li(thf)2]. Their luminescence was investigated, and the triplet state energy of the ligand was estimated.
Synthesis of highly dispersed Nb2O5–graphene heterojunction composites using ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and boron-functionalized graphene quantum dots for symmetrical flexible supercapacitors with ultrahigh energy density
Authors: Xiaoyue Liu , Pengwu Xu , Ruiyi Li , Haiyan Zhu , Xiaohao Liu , Zaijun Li
Published: December 2022

Nb2O5 is a promising metal oxide electrode material for supercapacitors because of outstanding structural stability and wide electrochemical window, but low inherent conductivity hinders its many applications.
Size-dependent chiro-optical properties of CsPbBr3nanoparticles
Authors: Tabassum Nazifa , Georgieva Zheni N. , Debnath Gouranga H. , Waldeck David H.
Published: December 2022

The chiro-optical properties of CsPbBr3nanoparticles (NP) capped by chiral organic ligands are strongly dependent on their size, with the CD response of the first exciton band decreasing 100-fold upon tripling the NP edge length.
Chemoselective ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclopropenes spirally appended with N-aryl saturated heterocycles
Authors: Zuo Yucen , Yao Yufeng , Chen Chunyu , Liang Yixin , Yang Ke-Fang , Li Ze , Lai Guo-Qiao , Zhang Pinglu , Luh Tien-Yau
Published: December 2022

The nature of the substituents on cyclopropenes and catalysts could have a profound effect on the reactivity and selectivity of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP).
Detection and differentiation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water using a fluorescent imprint-and-report sensor array
Authors: Harrison Emily E. , Waters Marcey L.
Published: December 2022

We report the development of a high throughput differential PFAS sensing platform using dynamic combinatorial libraries as sensors, with sensing at the lowest concentrations and in the most complex mixtures reported to date via fluorescence methods.
Modulating the in-plane local charge density of graphene via carbon quantum dots for enhanced triiodide reduction
Authors: Ding Yiwang , Yu Chang , Chang Jiangwei , Song Xuedan , Yu Jinhe , Hou Siyi , Xie Yuanyang , Qiu Jieshan
Published: December 2022

The in-plane local charge density of reduced graphene oxide was modulated and enriched by carbon quantum dots with abundant edge configuration, which was probed by synchronously visualized topography imaging derived from AFM-based PeakForce TUNA.
Single-atom catalysts for energy conversion
Authors: Wang Yinghui , Zhang Yingge , Yu Wenying , Chen Fang , Ma Tianyi , Huang Hongwei
Published: December 2022

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of single-atom catalysts for energy conversion driven by photo energy, electrical energy, and thermal energy.
Vocabulary Acquisition and Usage for Late Talkers: The Feasibility of a Caregiver-Implemented Telehealth Model
Authors: Mettler Heidi M. , Neiling Sarah Lynn , Figueroa Cecilia R. , Evans-Reitz Nora , Alt Mary
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

This feasibility study examined a caregiver-implemented telehealth model of the Vocabulary Acquisition and Usage for Late Talkers (VAULT) protocol. We asked whether caregivers could reach fidelity on VAULT, if the protocol was socially and ecologically valid, and if late-talking toddlers could learn new words with this model.

Method:

Five late-talking monolingual and bilingual toddlers and four caregivers participated. The caregiver-related research questions involved measurements taken at multiple time points and replication across subjects but did not follow a specific research design. The toddler-related research questions included elements of a single-case design. Caregivers completed self-paced online training modules and then provided 8 weeks of VAULT to their children with remote coaching. Fidelity data were collected during coached sessions and through rating scales. Social and ecological validity data were collected via surveys and interviews. Children's word learning was measured before, during, and after treatment via production of targets and controls and via standardized vocabulary inventories.

Results:

Caregivers demonstrated high fidelity to VAULT throughout treatment. They reported being comfortable with many aspects of VAULT. Feedback was mixed regarding the time required. Many reported their child was talking more as a result of the program. Visual analysis revealed that toddlers learned more target than control words, which was corroborated by Tau-U and
d
effect size analyses.

Conclusion:

A caregiver-implemented telehealth model of VAULT was feasible, was socially and ecologically valid, and benefited toddlers, making this a worthwhile model for future studies to examine.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21753872
Communication‐aware distributed rebalancing for cooperative car‐sharing service
Authors: Hayashi Naoki , Sakurama Kazunori
Published: December 2022

This study presents a cooperative car‐sharing system in which various service providers jointly operate a sharing service. A distributed algorithm is proposed for rebalancing control to reduce deadhead vehicles as much as possible under the constraints of dispatchable vehicles and parking slots at car stations. Each provider cooperatively searches for the optimal solution by exchanging the estimated values of the optimal dual solutions over the communication networks between providers. Event‐driven communication is considered in which information exchange with the neighboring providers is performed only when the amount of change of the estimated optimal dual solution exceeds a threshold. Numerical instances explain that the estimations of all service providers meet the optimal rebalancing solutions.
Mobile battery energy storage system control with knowledge‐assisted deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Zhao Huan , Liu Zifan , Mai Xuan , Zhao Junhua , Qiu Jing , Liu Guolong , Dong Zhao Yang , Ghias Amer M. Y. M.
Published: December 2022

Most mobile battery energy storage systems (MBESSs) are designed to enhance power system resilience and provide ancillary service for the system operator using energy storage. As the penetration of renewable energy and fluctuation of the electricity price increase in the power system, the demand‐side commercial entities can be more profitable utilizing the mobility and flexibility of MBESSs compared to the stational energy storage system. The profit is closely related to the spatiotemporal decision model and is influenced by environmental uncertainties, such as electricity price and traffic conditions. However, solving the real‐time control problem considering long‐term profit and uncertainties is time‐consuming. To address this problem, this paper proposes a deep reinforcement learning framework for MBESSs to maximize profit through market arbitrage. A knowledge‐assisted double deep Q network (KA‐DDQN) algorithm is proposed based on such framework to learn the optimal policy and increase the learning efficiency. Moreover, two criteria action generation methods of knowledge‐assisted learning are proposed for integer actions utilizing scheduling and short‐term programming results. Simulation results show that the proposed framework and method can achieve the optimal result, and KA‐DDQN can accelerate the learning process compared to the original method by approximately 30%.
Operation strategies of battery energy storage systems for preventive and curative congestion management in transmission grids
Authors: Lindner Martin , Peper Jan , Offermann Nils , Biele Charlotte , Teodosic Milijana , Pohl Oliver , Menne Julian , Häger Ulf
Published: December 2022

Anticipating and relieving congestions is an ongoing challenge for transmission system operators. Distributed grid‐scale battery energy storage systems enable operators to shift power flows and remedy congestion through virtual power lines and grid boosters. This paper includes battery energy storage systems in a combined preventive and curative congestion management optimization. First, it analyzes the impact of the two operational strategies in a case study of the German transmission grid. Furthermore, it outlines curative ad‐hoc measures to overcome uncertainties during operational planning and real‐time operation. The simulation results indicate that battery energy storage systems further increase the use of curative measures and reduce congestion management costs.