bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LBSUN154 Baseline Albuminuria May Protect Against Severe Covid-19 In Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Authors: Bashkin Amir , Shehadeh M , Shbita L , Namoura K , Haiek R , Kuyantseva E , Boulos Y , Zur A , Nodelman M , Kruzel-Davila E
Published: November 2022

Background

Diabetes is considered as one of the leading risk factors for severe COVID-19. We aimed to characterize the differences between type 2 diabetic patients after hospitalization in medical departments at our medical center due to COVID-19 or other diseases. Among the patients with COVID-19, we explored clinical parameters that were associated with severe disease. Method: This is a case-control study of diabetic patients after medical department hospitalization between 09/2020-05/2021. Patients with COVID-19 were compared to those without COVID-19. Patients were defined as COVID-19 negative if the SARS-CoV- 2 polymerase chain reaction and serology were negative and COVID-19 positive, according to a positive SARS-CoV- 2 polymerase chain reaction. Baseline albuminuria was defined as urine albumin to creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/gr before hospitalization. Patients that had COVID-19 were recruited after their discharge while other diabetic patients were recruited during hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for severe or critical COVID-19, as compared to mild or moderate disease. In the multivariable analysis: the severity of COVID-19 was the dependent variable, while the following variables were independent variables: eGFR, HbA1C and albuminuria before hospitalization, age and polymorphonuclear(PMN) /lymphocytes (NLR max) during hospitalization, and BMI and gender during recruitment.

Results

65 diabetic patients after COVID-19 and 144 diabetic patients who were hospitalized in the Medical department due to other reasons were recruited. Patients after hospitalization due to other diagnoses (not COVID-19) were older than patients after COVID-19: (p=0. 005), had longer duration of diabetes (p=0. 03), lower eGFR (p=0. 03) and lower C-reactive protein (CRP) at admission (p<0. 001). In addition, baseline albuminuria was more common in patients without COVID-19 (54.9% versus 30.8%, p= 0. 002). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis that included only patients after COVID-19 infection, a higher body mass index (BMI) was significantly associated with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, OR 1.24 (95% CI 1. 01-1.53, P=0. 04). Similarly, a higher maximal ratio of NLR- Max was significantly associated with severe COVID-19 OR 1.2 (95% CI 1. 06-1.37, P=0. 005). Surprisingly, the presence of albuminuria before hospitalization was associated with a reduced risk for severe COVID-19 OR 0. 09 (95% CI 0. 014-0.62, P=0. 015).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the presence of albuminuria in diabetic patients, may serve as a protective factor for severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Further studies are needed to explore this association and the implication to treatment intervention.

Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
LBSUN292 Learning Lesson From A Case of Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Shortly After Pembrolizumab Treatment
Authors: Phan Van , Nguyen Quan , Phan Vien , Erenler Feyza , Pittas Anastassios
Published: November 2022

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment are considered one of the major breakthroughs in the past decade. Pembrolizumab (PBL) is one of the immune checkpoint inhibitors that targets the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) receptor in order to block its interaction with programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell death ligand-2 (PD-L2). By inhibition of these molecules, PBL helps increase T-cell activation against cancer cells. Unfortunately, this inhibition also enhances autoimmunity against normal cells, leading to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) including endocrinopathies. Unlike other irAEs, endocrinopathies are usually irreversible upon diagnosis. While hypophysitis, hypo/hyperthyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency are more commonly reported, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is also seen around 0.9 to 1.9% of cases. Unfortunately, it can become fatal if not being promptly recognized. To raise awareness about this life-threatening adverse event, we are reporting a case of new onset T1DM, presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) only after 22 days of the first PBL infusion.

Clinical case

A 19-year-old male was recently diagnosed with NUT (nuclear protein in testis) carcinoma of the left floor of mouth with high PD-L1 score. NUT carcinoma is a rare type of squamous cell cancer with chromosomal rearrangement in the nuclear protein in testis gene (NUTM1) that makes the cancer aggressive and resistant to standard therapy, hence requiring a multimodal approach. This patient underwent surgery followed by concurrent cisplatin-radiation and PBL. Two weeks after his first PBL infusion, he suddenly developed polydipsia, polyuria, and nausea. He continued to receive the second PBL dose on day 20 and developed DKA on day 21. His work-up revealed a plasma glucose of 856 mg/dL, anion gap of 20 (H), CO2 of 17 mEq/L (L), and beta-hydroxybutyrate of 3.35 mmol/L (H), while hemoglobin A1C of only 5.5% suggesting his fulminant progression. He was immediately treated with DKA protocol with clinical improvement. The patient was discharged on basal bolus insulin regimen. He had non-detectable C-peptide (<0.10 ng/mL) and high GAD Antibody (>250 IU/mL) levels, which was consistent with PBL induced T1DM.

Conclusion

PBL use has been linked to multiple endocrinopathies and even though rare, DKA can also be seen in setting of T-cell mediated irreversible damage to pancreas beta cells. Due to life threatening potential of DKA, clinicians should monitor patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors closely and should be aware symptoms of hyperglycemia for earlier intervention. | Keywords: pembrolizumab, NUT carcinoma, diabetic ketoacidosis

Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
ODP236 Reducing length of Hospital Stay and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Bokhari Samia , Khan Patan , Shareef Muneera A , Safwat Rania , Galal Mohamed , Qadi Hamdi , Alzahrani Ameerah , Boraie Rehab A , Zahrani Sara
Published: November 2022

Introduction: & Background

Diabetes in COVID-19 patients is individual risk factor and documented in worldwide studies to contribute to disease severity, increased length of stay and higher mortality (fig-1). Aggressive management of blood sugars and acute diabetic complications reduce the length of stay and mortality.

Methods

Randomly selected 200 patients admitted with diabetes and COVID-19 studied. The unified treatment protocol (fig-2) applied for all patients and blood sugars monitored closely and optimized. Data collected on bimonthly basis and analyzed. Patients’ characteristics taken from data extraction tool (Oasis) of hospital. Median values for length of stay and post discharge FBS and RBS were calculated Microsoft Excel tool. Mortality rates calculated by percentages.

Results

200 patients studied in the 4 months study period. The median length of stay was 3 days. The mortality rate was 2.5% (fig-3,4). The median FBS and RBS in the patient group monitored in the post discharge clinic was 130 mg/dl and 170 mg/dl respectively. The results compared with the standard international studies.

Discussion

Diabetes in COVID-19 patients posed great challenge as increased severity and mortalities reported compared to non-diabetic. Taking a pre-emptive strategy to combat this problem by aggressively manage diabetes help in reducing length of stay and morbidity. The length of stay in studded population was 3 days as compared to 13 days in a major international study(Ref: 1) . Financial saving come from rapid turnover of beds. The mortality was 2.5% compared to reported 7.3% in a major study (Ref: 2), reflecting the implications of aggressive management of diabetes. Regular follow-up and support by running post-discharge clinic definitely help reducing readmissions and acute complications of uncontrolled diabetes.

Conclusion

Aggressive management of diabetes in COVID-19 patients by tailored treatment protocols and dedicated teams will help to decrease the morbidity and mortality.

Presentation: No date and time listed
ODP237 Relation Between Long Term Glycemic Variability (LTGV) and HbA1c Time-In-Range in Diabetic Patients.
Authors: Delgado-Vazquez Angel Jesus , Garcia-Alcala Hector , Marin-Corte Juan Carlos Alberto
Published: November 2022

Background

LTGV has become, aside with mean Hba1c level, a new measure of glycemic control. Despite the burden of information about its association to long term diabetic complications, in real-life is uncertain its relation to glycemic control.

Objective

to describe in real-life conditions the relation between long term LTGV and glycemic control.

Methods

from our clinical laboratory data base we selected those patients who attended for HPLC´s determination of HbA1c for at least two times in 2 consecutive years. We discard those results from patients with anemia or kidney failure. To evaluate LTGV in all patients that fulfill the requirements HbA1c variation coefficient (VC) were calculated ((HbA1c SD/mean HbA1c)X100). Time in control range were assessed as the percent of results below 7% during follow up. Patients were categorized in quartiles according to VC and percent of determinations of Hba1c <7%. (HbA1c< 7). We compared the frequency low vs high VC (quartile 1 vs 4) in patients divided by HbA1c< 7 quartiles and VC levels between hba1c<7 quartiles.

Results

we studied 193 patients (52.8% men, 61.23 (12.81) years, 925(171) days of follow up).: Percent of patients with low vs high VC quartiles (1 vs 4 respectively) divided by HbA1c<7 quartiles were: quartile 1: 57% vs 0. 0%, quartile 2: 19.6% vs 52.9%, quartile 3: 10.2% vs 57.1% and quartile 4: 18.3% vs 20%. (p<0. 05 quartile 1 vs 2,3,4 and quartile 3 vs 4). VC level were (quartiles 1 to 4 respectively, mean (SD)): 5.42(3), 22(15), 21.34(11),13(7). (p<0. 05 quartile 1 vs 2,3,4, quartile 2 vs 4, quartile 3 vs 4).

Conclusions

High glycemic variability is rare observed in patients with excellent glycemic control but seems very frequent in those with less than perfect controlled patients (quartiles HbA1c<7, 2 and 3) even in comparison to patients never controlled (quartile 4). VC levels are also higher in those patients in intermediate Hba1c <7 quartiles. It is very interesting that those patients never controlled(HbA1c<7 quartile 4) has no either the higher level of VC or frequency of high VC.

Presentation: No date and time listed
ODP248 The Effects of Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding Protein-3 on Metabolism During Short Term Fasting in Mice in Vivo
Authors: Choi Iee H , Kim Minsun , Kim Sun-Young
Published: November 2022

IGFBP-3 is the main abundant circulating IGFBP and plays an important role in the metabolic effect of IGF-1. We investigated the effects of IGFBP-3 on metabolism in short-term fasting and found that when IGFBP-3 was added to mice, serum triglyceride concentration were significantly enhanced. Fasting also significantly enhanced triglyceride concentration in liver and serum to the same degree as IGFBP-3. IGFBP-3 transfection suppressed the expression of ketogenesis and beta oxidation genes in liver after 24 h fasting. Also, they were shown significantly increase oflipolysis related protein expression in peripheral adipocyte and decrease the adipocyte size. Additionally, fat accumulation was more increased in the liver transfected with IGFBP-3 after fasting than controls. These in vivo findings demonstrate that IGFBP-3 has potent lipid metabolism and fasting-antagonizing capability and suggest a role for IGFBP-3 in the pathogenesis and homeostasis control of metabolism.

Presentation: No date and time listed
OR24-1 Paracrine Growth Factor Signaling Regulates Muscle Regeneration in Aged Mice via microRNA 501
Authors: Krützfeldt Jan , Fahrner Alexandra
Published: November 2022

Background

Skeletal muscle is one of to the most dynamic and plastic tissues. The capacity to regenerate arises from adult muscle stem cells termed myogenic progenitors (MPs) that are activated in response to injury and differentiate to replenish damaged muscle fibers. The age-related loss of muscle mass is reflected in the reduced regenerative potential of MPs. The underlying mechanisms are still unclear and insights into alterations in adult muscle stem cells during ageing are urgently needed. We have previously identified a novel muscle-specific microRNA, miR-501-3p, that is enriched in activated MPs. Pharmacological inhibition of miR-501 during muscle regeneration promoted small-diameter neofibers. Here, we provide evidence for the regulation of miR-501 in skeletal muscle during aging and its effect on newly formed myofibers using genetic deletion in mice.

Methods

We analysed the regulation and upstream signalling pathways of miR-501 in primary myoblasts from mice and humans and in skeletal muscle from young and aged mice. We generated a novel Cre-loxP mouse model, which allowed for global and MP-specific deletion of miR-501. Skeletal muscle regeneration was induced using cardiotoxin (CTX) and assessed using immunofluorescence and transcriptomic analysis.

Results

miR-501 was upregulated in muscle cells by the paracrine growth factors platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) through the Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signalling axis. Expression levels of miR-501 as well as its upstream regulators Pdgf and Vegf were significantly reduced in skeletal muscle from aged mice (22 months) compared to young mice (3 months) by 67.8% (p<0.001), 40.0% (p<0.01) and 36.3% (p<0.05), respectively. Genetic deletion of miR-501 in mice resulted in muscle fibers with decreased size in adult skeletal muscle and in newly formed myofibers during muscle regeneration. RNA-seq of regenerating muscle annotated a critical role for miR-501 in the organisation of muscle filaments. We identified a miR-501-dependent sarcomeric gene signature that involves genes such as myosin heavy chains, titin and tubulin polymerization-promoting protein. This was confirmed in vitro in myotubes from mice and humans in which miR-501 was deleted either genetically or pharmacologically using antagomirs. Altered sarcomeric gene expression correlated with an increased sarcomere length in myotubes lacking miR-501 (2.49 ± 0.08μm vs 3.22 ± 0.15μm, p<0.01).

Conclusion

Our data indicate that paracrine growth factor signalling contributes to muscle fiber formation via miR-501 in myogenic progenitor cells and its effect on the sarcomere. Restoring the Pdgf+Vegf/miR-501 axis might have the potential to improve muscle formation during aging.

Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 11:00 a.m. - 11:15 a.m.
Frontotemporal-Orbitozygomatic Approach and Its Variants: Technical Nuances and Video Illustration
Authors: El Ahmadieh Tarek Y. , Nuñez Maximiliano , Vigo Vera , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. , Cohen-Gadol Aaron A.
Published: November 2022

The frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic (FTOz) approach is an extension of the traditional pterional approach. It provides the neurosurgeon with a wide access to the skull base with minimal or no brain retraction needed; it also offers a panoramic view that enables various trajectories toward the anterior, middle, and central cranial fossae as well as the upper segment of the posterior cranial fossa. Intracranial lesions that can be addressed using the FTOz approach include large medial sphenoid wing and spheno-orbital meningiomas; suprasellar and parasellar tumors; lesions of the orbital apex, interpeduncular cistern, third ventricle, and upper paraclival regions; and anterior communicating artery and basilar-tip aneurysms. In this article, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the FTOz approach and describe related technical nuances and common pitfalls. Our goal was to provide an up-to-date report of this time-tested surgical approach using original high-quality dissections, 3-dimensional models, and 2-dimensional 4K videos to serve as a reliable and practical educational resource for neurosurgery trainees and junior neurosurgeons. A case example is also provided to show the 1-piece orbitozygomatic approach.
Relationship between Physical Activity and Pain in U.S. Adults
Authors: RAY BILLY MICHAEL , KELLERAN KYLE J. , EUBANKS JAMES E. , NAN NAN , MA CHANGXING , MILES DEREK
Published: November 2022

Purpose

We sought to assess the relationship between physical activity (PA) and pain within the available sample, with secondary aims to assess prevalence of pain, PA levels, health care seeking behaviors, and impact of pain on daily activities and work.

Methods

We conducted an epidemiological cross-sectional observational study utilizing National Health Interview Survey data from 2020. We examined the self-reported adherence to current PA guidelines and the prevalence of pain. We hypothesized those dealing with pain were less likely to meet PA guidelines. The PA levels, pain prevalence, frequency, and intensity were assessed via the survey and relationships explored via modeling.

Results

Of 31,568, 46% were men and 53.99% women with mean age of 52.27 yr (±17.31 yr). There were 12,429 (39.37%) participants that reported pain on some days, 2761 (8.75%) on most days, and 4661 (14.76%) every day. The odds of engaging in PA decreased in a stepwise fashion based on frequency and intensity of pain reporting when compared with no pain. Importantly, PA is a significant correlate affecting pain reporting, with individuals engaging in PA (strength and aerobic) demonstrating two times lower odds of reporting pain when compared with those not meeting the PA guidelines.

Conclusions

There is a significant correlation between meeting PA guidelines and pain. Meeting both criteria of PA guidelines resulted in lower odds of reporting pain. In addition, the odds of participating in PA decreased based on pain frequency reporting. These are important findings for clinicians, highlighting the need for assessing PA not only for those dealing with pain but also as a potential risk factor for minimizing development of chronic pain.
Mastodon footprints found to be water erosion in the Quebrada de Chalán (Licto, Ecuador)
Authors: Mendoza Benito , Jiménez Mauro , Pedro Carretero Pedro , Hernández Jhonnatan , Loaiza Jennifer , Brito Daniela , Peñafiel Geonatan
Published: November 2022

The Chalan ravine is a deep bed creek that runs through Licto (Ecuador). It has been known since the 19th century for the abundance of paleontological remains of Pleiostocene fauna and megafauna in its profiles, where entire remains of mastodons were recovered. The abundance of these remains made one of the high areas, where marmites exist in different forms, was traditionally considered as mastodon footprints. Archaeological prospecting, geographic information system (GIS) technology, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), photogrammetry, and the geological study of the place, allowed us to determine that the mythical traces of mastodon were marmites made by the water erosion produced in the same ravine over time.
Authentic leadership and innovative work behavior through organizational culture: A study in Indonesian state-owned enterprises
Authors: Indrayanti Indrayanti , Ulfia Nida
Published: November 2022

Background: Innovation is one of the keys for organizations to win the competition and be able to survive. State-owned enterprises require employees to face the competition by showing innovative work behavior where leadership factors and organizational culture could influence this behavior. This study examines the role of authentic leadership in innovative work behavior through organizational culture as a mediator.

Methods: Participants in this survey study were 272 employees of Indonesian state-owned enterprises, but only 153 employees from 17 work teams were involved in data analysis at the group level. The research instrument was adapted from the innovative work behavior scale, authentic leadership questionnaire, and the Indonesian state-owned enterprises culture scale, which consists of six core values: trustworthy, competent, harmonious, loyal, adaptive, and collaborative. Data collection in this study was carried out by distributing questionnaires in the form of a Likert scale online via a google form. The data were analyzed using partial-least square analysis.

Results: The results showed that organizational culture mediated the relationship between authentic leadership and innovative work behavior.

Conclusions: The group experience of the presence of an authentic leader can improve the implementation of organizational culture, which in turn may increase innovative work behavior at the group level.
Pesticide exposure and lung cancer risk: A case-control study in Nakhon Sawan, Thailand
Authors: Kangkhetkron Teera , Juntarawijit Chudchawal
Published: November 2022

Background: Pesticide exposure might increase risk of lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the historical use of pesticides and lung cancer using a case-control design.

Methods: This case-control study compared a lifetime pesticide exposure of 233 lung cancer cases, and 447 healthy neighbours matched for gender, and age (±5 years). Data on demographic, pesticide exposure and other related factors were collected using a face-to-face interview questionnaire. Associations between lung cancer and types of pesticides as well as individual pesticides were analysed using logistic regression adjusted for gender, age, cigarette smoking, occupation, cooking fumes exposure, and exposure to air pollution.

Results: It was found that lung cancer was positively associated with lifetime use of herbicides and insecticides. Compared to people in the non-exposed groups, those in Q3-Q4 days of using herbicides and insecticides had an elevated risk of lung cancer, with odds ratio (OR) between 2.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24-3.89), and 3.99 (95% CI 1.62-7.11) (p < 0.001). For individual pesticides, those presenting a significant association with lung cancer were dieldrin (OR = 2.56; 95% CI 1.36-4.81), chlorpyrifos (OR = 3.29; 95 % CI 1.93-5.61), and carbofuran (OR = 2.10; 95% CI 1.28-3.42). It was also found, for the first time, carbofuran, glyphosate, and paraquat to be significantly associated with lung cancer.

Conclusions: The results reconfirmed the association between pesticides exposure and lung cancer. In the study, five individual pesticides, e.g. dieldrin, chlorpyrifos, carbofuran, glyphosate, and paraquat were identified as a potential risk factors for the disease. More studies are still required to confirm the results and to identify more individual pesticides that could cause lung cancer. The issues should receive more attention since these chemicals are used widely.
Pancreatic cancer grading in pathological images using deep learning convolutional neural networks
Authors: Mohamad Sehmi Muhammad Nurmahir , Ahmad Fauzi Mohammad Faizal , Wan Ahmad Wan Siti Halimatul Munirah , Wan Ling Chan Elaine
Published: November 2022

Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer. The cancer grades define how aggressively the cancer will spread and give indication for doctors to make proper prognosis and treatment. The current method of pancreatic cancer grading, by means of manual examination of the cancerous tissue following a biopsy, is time consuming and often results in misdiagnosis and thus incorrect treatment. This paper presents an automated grading system for pancreatic cancer from pathology images developed by comparing deep learning models on two different pathological stains.

Methods: A transfer-learning technique was adopted by testing the method on 14 different ImageNet pre-trained models. The models were fine-tuned to be trained with our dataset.

Results: From the experiment, DenseNet models appeared to be the best at classifying the validation set with up to 95.61% accuracy in grading pancreatic cancer despite the small sample set.

Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work in grading pancreatic cancer based on pathology images. Previous works have either focused only on detection (benign or malignant), or on radiology images (computerized tomography [CT], magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] etc.). The proposed system can be very useful to pathologists in facilitating an automated or semi-automated cancer grading system, which can address the problems found in manual grading.
Цифровые методы в гуманитарных науках: учебно-методическое пособие
Authors: BARINOVA E.
Published: November 2022

Курс «Цифровые методы в гуманитарных науках» предназначен для обучающихся по направлению магистратуры «Педагогическое образование», направленность/профиль обучения «Историческое образование». Он направлен на формирование у обучающихся систематизированных знаний о возможностях применения новых исследовательских подходов и цифровых технологий в истории, психологии, педагогике, литературоведении, культурологии, социологии и других науках гуманитарного цикла; навыков применения методов информационного поиска, анализа и визуализации данных, построения статистических моделей, компьютерной обработки текста, создания научно-образовательных ресурсов, электронного картографирования
Raising the level of physical fitness as one of the program tasks implemented during a scout camp
Authors: Kowalska Anastazja
Published: November 2022

The article presents the results of the own research carried out during the scout colonies in July 2022. The research included an examination of the following: whether and to what extent the level of physical fitness of 24 children aged 7-10, participating in program activities carried out during the recreation, increased during the two-week scout camps in Rusinowo (at the Polish seaside). The following research hypothesis was set: It is hypothesized that during a scout camp, children will raise their level of physical fitness in all tests. Based on the results presented, it was found that the children did not raise their level of physical fitness in all competitions of the test. In most of the trials, the results of the second measurement were better, while results worse than in the first measurement were also noted. Therefore, it should be concluded that the research hypothesis set was not confirmed. However, during the study, differences were observed due to the gender of the children, with a predominance of better results in girls.
Investigation on Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods Application in Sustainable Product Design
Authors: Guebsi Wafa , Zouari Alaeddine
Published: November 2022

Background: Integrating sustainability development' aspects in the design process is becoming, a growth area in companies. Consequently, sustainable product design has to consider the different aspects of sustainability throughout its life cycle phases in addition of other requirements. This integration is becoming more complicated due the difficulty of managing the constraints and alternatives related to the product and stakeholders needs. This study aims to highlights the most used Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) tools and methods used in sustainable product design process.
Contribution: Product design process involves interesting decisional tasks such as the choice of materials, standard parts, technical solutions. Hence, the contribution of this work is to help designer to adopt relevant MCDM tools and methods that can be integrated to other tools to facilitate and to justify their decisional tasks.
Method: Several methods have been affected to solve the problems related to this complexity such as MCDM. A literature review was conducted based on Siencedirect and GoogleScholar articles databases. After filtering more than 200 articles only 62 articles were considered to analyze the correlation between sustainable product design and MCDM.
Results: Classified MCDM use according to the type of choices to achieve SPD goals. This paper allowed us to find matches between MCDM methods and SPD problem. The majority of case studies result show that a large portion of sustainable design methods, techniques, and tools are applied to the sustainable product’ along its different life cycle phases

Conclusion: It is noticed that the use of MCDM methods are an important outcome in the sustainable product design process and deeply helps designers to make suitable choices. Also, several matches relating MCDM, other methods and sustainable product design sphere are discussed
The role of treatment coordinator
Authors: Horton Laura
Published: November 2022

Laura Horton considers how this works in practice.

Aim

To offer an overview of how patients can benefit from treatment coordination.

Objectives

Evaluate the role of a treatment coordinator Understand the skills required to deliver a seamless treatment coordination appointment Detail the step-by-step process in clinic. This article meets GDC development outcomes A,B,D
Significant deterioration in quality of life and increased frailty in patients waiting more than six months for total hip or knee arthroplasty
Authors: Clement Nick D. , Wickramasinghe Neil R. , Bayram John M. , Hughes Katie , Oag Erlend , Heinz Nicholas , Fraser Ewen , Jefferies James G. , Dall Graham F. , Ballantyne Andy , Jenkins Paul J.
Published: November 2022

Aims

The primary aim of this study was to assess whether patients waiting six months or more for a total hip (THA) or knee (KA) arthroplasty had a deterioration in their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Secondary aims were to assess changes in frailty and the number of patients living in a state considered to be worse than death (WTD), and factors associated with changes in HRQoL and frailty.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 326 patients, 150 males (46.0%) and 176 females (54.0%), with a mean age of 68.6 years (SD 9.8) who were randomly selected from waiting lists at four centres and had been waiting for six months or more (median 13 months, interquartile range 10 to 21) for a primary THA (n = 161) or KA (n = 165). The EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D) and visual analogue scores (EQ-VAS), Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), and 36-Item Short Form Survey subjective change in HRQoL were assessed at the time and recalled for six months earlier. A state that was WTD was defined as an EQ-5D of less than zero.

Results

There were significant deteriorations in the EQ-5D (mean 0.175, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.145 to 0.204; p < 0.001), EQ-VAS (mean 8.6, 95% CI 7.0 to 10.4; < 0.001), and CFS (from 3 “managing well” to 4 “vulnerable”; p < 0.001), and a significant increase in the number of those in a state that was WTD (n = 48; p < 0.001) during the previous six months for the whole cohort. A total of 110 patients (33.7%) stated that their health was much worse and 107 (32.8%) felt it was somewhat worse compared with six months previously. A significantly greater EQ-5D (-0.14, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.28; p = 0.038) and a state that was not WTD (-0.14, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.26; p = 0.031) were associated with a deterioration in the EQ-5D. THA (0.21, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.34; p = 0.002) or a lower (better) CFS (0.14, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.20; p < 0.001) were independently significantly associated with a deterioration in the CFS.

Conclusion

Patients waiting more than six months for THA or KA had a significant deterioration in their HRQoL and increased frailty, with two-thirds of patients feeling that their health had worsened. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(11):1215–1224.
Systemic administration with melatonin in the daytime has a better effect on promoting osseointegration of titanium rods in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Zhou Mao-Sheng , Tao Zhou-Shan
Published: November 2022

Aims

This study examined whether systemic administration of melatonin would have different effects on osseointegration in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, depending on whether this was administered during the day or night.

Methods

In this study, a titanium rod was implanted in the medullary cavity of one femoral metaphysis in OVX rats, and then the rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham group (Sham, n = 10), OVX rat group (OVX, n = 10), melatonin day treatment group (OVX + MD, n = 10), and melatonin night treatment group (OVX + MN, n = 10). The OVX + MD and OVX + MN rats were treated with 30 mg/kg/day melatonin at 9 am and 9 pm, respectively, for 12 weeks. At the end of the research, the rats were killed to obtain bilateral femora and blood samples for evaluation.

Results

Micro-CT and histological evaluation showed that the bone microscopic parameters of femoral metaphysis trabecular bone and bone tissue around the titanium rod in the OVX + MD group demonstrated higher bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, trabecular number, connective density, trabecular thickness, and lower trabecular speculation (p = 0.004) than the OVX + MN group. Moreover, the biomechanical parameters of the OVX + MD group showed higher pull-out test and three-point bending test values, including fixation strength, interface stiffness, energy to failure, energy at break, ultimate load, and elastic modulus (p = 0.012) than the OVX + MN group. In addition, the bone metabolism index and oxidative stress indicators of the OVX + MD group show lower values of Type I collagen cross-linked C-telopeptide, procollagen type 1 N propeptide, and malondialdehyde (p = 0.013), and higher values of TAC and SOD (p = 0.002) compared with the OVX + MN group.

Conclusion

The results of our study suggest that systemic administration with melatonin at 9 am may improve the initial osseointegration of titanium rods under osteoporotic conditions more effectively than administration at 9 pm. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(11):751–762.
Morphological and Mechanical Study of Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Composite based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Nawafi Moh Rifqi , Masruroh Masruroh , Santjojo Dionysius Joseph Djoko Herry
Published: November 2022

Gelatin-Hydroxyapatite (GHA) composite has been synthesized as a scaffold in bone tissue engineering. The purpose of this study was to find the optimal composition of the GHA scaffold composite which has the best mechanical properties. The independent variable in this study was the composition of HAp. Hydroxyapatite was synthesized by precipitation method from Ca(OH)2 and (NH4)2HPO4 as raw materials. Scaffold from GHA Composite was made by freeze-drying technique with freezing time for 8 hours at -80º C and drying with lyophilizer. The results were characterized using XRD, optical microscopy and tested for compressive strength. The results of the XRD showed that there was no change in a compound or the formation of new bonds on the GHA scaffold when it became a composite which was indicated by the absence of new peaks. It is also known that the peaks decrease in intensity as the amount of polymer in the composite increases. The highest degree of crystallinity was found in the 1:3 GHA sample because it had the highest concentration of HAp. The results of observations with an optical microscope showed that the most homogeneous pore surface morphology was GHA 1:2 with an average pore size of 225.12 ± 16.57 μm. From the results of the compressive strength test, the best value for the 1:2 GHA scaffold was 18.1 ± 0.61 MPa. The values obtained by this scaffold are following the minimum requirements for canceled scaffold so that it can be used as a scaffold candidate in bone tissue engineering.
ULD-Net: 3D unsupervised learning by dense similarity learning with equivariant-crop
Authors: Tian Yu , Song Da , Yang Mengna , Liu Jie , Geng Guohua , Zhou Mingquan , Li Kang , Cao Xin
Published: November 2022

Although many recent deep learning methods have achieved good performance in point cloud analysis, most of them are built upon the heavy cost of manual labeling. Unsupervised representation learning methods have attracted increasing attention due to their high label efficiency. How to learn more useful representations from unlabeled 3D point clouds is still a challenging problem. Addressing this problem, we propose a novel unsupervised learning approach for point cloud analysis, named ULD-Net, consisting of an equivariant-crop (equiv-crop) module to achieve dense similarity learning. We propose dense similarity learning that maximizes consistency across two randomly transformed global–local views at both the instance level and the point level. To build feature correspondence between global and local views, an equiv-crop is proposed to transform features from the global scope to the local scope. Unlike previous methods that require complicated designs, such as negative pairs and momentum encoders, our ULD-Net benefits from the simple Siamese network that relies solely on stop-gradient operation preventing the network from collapsing. We also utilize the feature separability constraint for more representative embeddings. Experimental results show that our ULD-Net achieves the best results of context-based unsupervised methods and comparable performances to supervised models in shape classification and segmentation tasks. On the linear support vector machine classification benchmark, our ULD-Net surpasses the best context-based method spatiotemporal self-supervised representation learning (STRL) by 1.1% overall accuracy. On tasks with fine-tuning, our ULD-Net outperforms STRL under fully supervised and semisupervised settings, in particular, 0.1% accuracy gain on the ModelNet40 classification benchmark, and 0.6% medium intersection of union gain on the ShapeNet part segmentation benchmark.
Silicon bowtie structure based adjustable nonrigid all-nonmetal metamaterial terahertz filter
Authors: Hao Danni , Zhang Yi , Yang Dongxun , Li Rui , Zhao Dan , Zhang Zhenzhen , Wang Shuai , Jin Wei , Tian Hao , Duan Jiaying , Fan Fei , Chang Shengjiang , Maro Ramiro , Ma Lei
Published: November 2022

An all-nonmetal metamaterial (ANM) terahertz device with a silicon bowtie structure has been developed, which has comparable efficiency to that of its metallic counterparts, and better compatibility with modern semiconductor fabrication processes. Moreover, a highly tunable ANM with the same structure was successfully fabricated through integration with a flexible substrate, which demonstrated large tunability over a wide frequency range. Such a device can be used in terahertz systems for numerous applications, and is a promising substitute for conventional metal-based structures.
Ultrahigh-security single-pixel semantic encryption
Authors: Zhan Xinrui , Zhu Chunli , Gao Zhijie , Wang Shuai , Jiao Qiang , Bian Liheng
Published: November 2022

Single-pixel encryption is a recently developed encryption technique enabling the ciphertext amount to be decreased. It adopts modulation patterns as secret keys and uses reconstruction algorithms for image recovery in the decryption process, which are time-consuming and can easily be illegally deciphered if the patterns are exposed. We report an image-free single-pixel semantic encryption technique that significantly enhances security. The technique extracts semantic information directly from the ciphertext without image reconstruction, which significantly reduces computing resources for end-to-end real-time decoding. Moreover, we introduce a stochastic mismatch between keys and ciphertext, with random measurement shift and dropout, which effectively enhances the difficulty of illegal deciphering. Experiments on the MNIST dataset validate that 78 coupling measurements (0.1 sampling rate) with stochastic shift and random dropout achieved 97.43% semantic decryption accuracy. In the worst situation, when all the keys are illegally obtained by unauthorized attackers, only 10.80% accuracy can be achieved (39.47% in an ergodic manner).
Zernike-like Laguerre–Gaussian orthonormal polynomials for optical field reconstruction
Authors: Strycker Benjamin D.
Published: November 2022

Analytic closed form expressions for orthonormal polynomials exhibiting both rotational and Gaussian symmetries are derived for both circular and elliptical geometries. They exhibit a close correspondence to the Zernike polynomials but are of Gaussian shape and orthogonal over the (x,y) plane. Consequently, they may be expressed in terms of Laguerre polynomials. Formulas for calculating the centroid of a real function are also presented and, along with the analytic expressions for the polynomials, may prove to be of especial use in reconstruction of the intensity distribution incident on a Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor.
Diode-pumped continuous-wave laser of a self-frequency-doubling Yb:La2CaB10O19 crystal
Authors: Cheng Yanling , Feng Jingcheng , Liang Fei , Lu Dazhi , Zhang Guochun , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin , Wu Yicheng
Published: November 2022

We report the first, to the best of our knowledge, laser operation of acentric Yb3+-doped La2CaB10O19 (Yb:LCB) crystal since its discovery in 1998. The polarized absorption and emission cross-section spectra of Yb:LCB were calculated at room temperature. Using a fiber-coupled 976 nm laser diode (LD) as the pump source, we realized effective dual-wavelength laser generation at around 1030 and 1040 nm. The highest slope efficiency of 50.1% was obtained in the Y-cut Yb:LCB crystal. In addition, via resonant cavity design on a phase-matching crystal, a compact self-frequency-doubling (SFD) green laser at 521 nm was also realized in a single Yb:LCB crystal with an output power of 152 mW. These results promote Yb:LCB as a competitive multifunctional laser crystal, especially for highly integrated microchip laser devices ranging from the visible to the near-infrared regime.
Switchable transmissive and reflective metadevices based on the phase transition of vanadium dioxide
Authors: Zhang Dong-Qin , Tao Yi , Pan Gui-Ming , Jin Zhong-Wei , Fang Bin , Hong Zhi , Shu Fang-Zhou
Published: November 2022

Metasurfaces have made great progress in the past decade in generating various planar optical devices. However, most metasurfaces exhibit their functions in either reflection mode or transmission mode, with the other mode unutilized. In this work, we demonstrate switchable transmissive and reflective metadevices by combining metasurfaces with vanadium dioxide. The composite metasurface can work as a transmissive metadevice, with one function for vanadium dioxide in the insulating phase, and is changed to a reflective metadevice with another function for vanadium dioxide in the metallic phase. By carefully designing the structures, the metasurface can be switched from a transmissive metalens to a reflective vortex generator, or between a transmissive beam steering and a reflective quarter-wave plate through the phase transition of vanadium dioxide. The switchable transmissive and reflective metadevices have potential applications in imaging, communication, and information processing.
Anomalously enhanced transverse optical torque on a dipolar plasmonic nanoparticle in two-wave interference
Authors: Feng Lv , Ma Jiangnan , Lu Wanli , Chen Huajin , Zheng Hongxia
Published: November 2022

Based on the multipole expansion theory, we show that a transverse optical torque acting on a dipolar plasmonic spherical nanoparticle can be anomalously enhanced in two plane waves with linear polarization. Compared with a homogeneous Au nanoparticle, the transverse optical torque acting on an Au–Ag core–shell nanoparticle with an ultra-thin shell thickness can be dramatically enhanced by more than two orders of magnitude. Such enhanced transverse optical torque is dominated by the interaction between the incident optical field and the electric quadrupole excited in the dipolar core–shell nanoparticle. It is thus noted that the torque expression based on the dipole approximation usually used for dipolar particles is not available even in our dipolar case. These findings deepen the physical understanding of the optical torque (OT) and may have applications in optically driven rotation of plasmonic microparticles.
Retention, mobility, and successful transition to independence of health sciences postdocs
Authors: Shaaban C. Elizabeth , Dennis Tammy L. , Gabrielson Stephen , Miller Laura J. , Zellers Darlene F. , Levine Arthur S. , Rosano Caterina
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Obtaining a tenure track faculty position (TTFP) after postdoctoral appointment (PDA) completion is considered an indicator of successful transition to independence (TTI). Whether cross-institutional mobility (CIM)—moving to a different institution from that of the PDA—contributes to TTI is unclear, as data evaluating retention and mobility is lacking. We tested the hypothesis that, for postdocs (PDs) at R1 institutions, CIM is a significant predictor of successful TTI defined as TTFP-status 3 years post-PDA.

Materials and methods

Using University of Pittsburgh data for health sciences PDs we tested the association of CIM at PDA completion (moved to a different institution (CIM = 1) or retained at Pitt (CIM = 0)) with TTFP-status 3 years post-PDA (TTFP, non-TTFP, or left faculty position) using multinomial logistic regression models.

Results

Among all 622 Pitt PDs, 3-year retention in a faculty position at Pitt was 21%, while 14% had a faculty position outside of Pitt. Among the analytic sample of PDs with an academic career outcome during the study period (N = 238; 50% women, 8% underrepresented minorities (URM)), at baseline PDA completion 39% moved to a different institution (CIM = 1), and 61% remained at Pitt (CIM = 0) in any job type. Those with CIM = 1 had greater odds of having a TTFP at follow-up than those with CIM = 0 [adjusted OR (95% CI): 4.4 (2.1, 9.2)].

Discussion

One fifth of Pitt PDs were retained by Pitt as faculty. While Pitt PDs were equally likely to get a faculty position whether they were retained at Pitt or left, those who left had greater odds of obtaining a TTFP. Future work with longer follow-up times, expanded markers of TTI, and samples from other R1 institutions is needed to better understand the reason for these results. This knowledge can lead to better support for the next generation of PDs as they successfully transition to faculty.
Elemental composition of primary lamellar bone differs between parous and nulliparous rhesus macaque females
Authors: Cerrito Paola , Hu Bin , Goldstein Justin Z. , Kalisher Rachel , Bailey Shara E. , Bromage Timothy G.
Published: November 2022

Extracting life history information from mineralized hard tissues of extant and extinct species is an ongoing challenge in evolutionary and conservation studies. Primary lamellar bone is a mineralized tissue with multidien periodicity that begins deposition prenatally and continues until adulthood albeit with concurrent resorption, thus maintaining a record spanning several years of an individual’s life. Here, we use field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis to measure the relative concentrations of calcium, phosphorous, oxygen, magnesium and sodium in the femora of seven rhesus macaque with known medical and life-history information. We find that the concentration of these elements distinguishes parous from nulliparous females; that in females calcium and phosphorus are lower in bone formed during reproductive events; and that significant differences in relative magnesium concentration correlate with breastfeeding in infants.